gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatic metastases: percutaneous radio-frequency ablation with cooled-tip electrodes. (1997)

PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and safety of using cooled-tip electrodes to increase the volume of coagulation necrosis obtained or reduce the number of treatment sessions necessary with percutaneous tumor radio- frequency (RF) ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with 44 hepatic metastases (1.3-5.1 cm diameter) from colorectal (n = 22), gastric (n = 5), pancreatic (n = 1), or breast (n = 1) carcinoma were treated with RF ablation using cooled-tip, 18-gauge electrodes with 2-3 cm tip exposure. Each tumor was treated in one or two treatment sessions. RESULTS: Technical success, ablation of all visualized tumor, was achieved in 40 (91%) metastases. Findings at computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed 3-6 months after treatment confirmed complete necrosis of the entire metastasis in 66%. Disease-free survival was 50% at 12 months and 33% at 18 months, with localized progression of disease in 34% of treated lesions. Overall survival was 100%, 94%, and 89% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. Only one complication, self-limited hemorrhage, was seen. CONCLUSION: Use of cooled-tip electrodes was a safe and feasible adjunct for tumor RF ablation therapy that produced larger volumes of coagulation necrosis with fewer electrode insertions than is produced with other RF ablation techniques
Protonation activates anion binding and alters binding selectivity in new inherently fluorescent 2,6-bis(2-anilinoethynyl)pyridine bisureas (2009)

A new class of 2,6-bis(2-anilinoethynyl)pyridine-based bisureas forms 1 : 1 complexes with halides; protonation enhances binding by over one order of magnitude, alters the binding selectivity, and provides a colorimetric indication of anion binding.
Prediction of Volumetric Sand Production and Wellbore Stability Analysis of a Well at Different Completion Schemes (2005)

This paper was selected for presentation by a USRMS Program Committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted earlier by the author(s). Contents of the paper, as presented, have not been reviewed by ARMA/USRMS and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of USRMS, ARMA, their officers, or members. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper for commercial purposes without the written consent of ARMA is prohibited. Permission to reproduce in print is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied. The abstract must contain conspicuous acknowledgement of where and by whom the paper was presented. ABSTRACT: This paper presents an oil well study subject to two types of completion schemes (perforated casing and open-hole completion) using a coupled reservoir-geomechanical model to predict the volumetric sand production and associated wellbore stability. This model is based on mixture theory with erosion mechanics, in which multiphase hydrodynamics and geomechanics are coupled in a consistent manner via principal unknowns, such as fluid saturation, pressure, porosity, and formation stress as well as displacements. A Representative Elementary Volume (REV) is chosen to comprise of five phases - solid matrix, fluidized solids, oil, water, and gas phase. The numerical model is implemented into three integrated computational modules, i.e. erosion module, reservoir module, and geomechanics module. Depending on the complexity of addressed problems, different coupling methods can be used, i.e. decoupled, explicitly coupled, iteratively coupled, and fully coupled. Numerical results show that the wellbore stability depends on the delicate interaction between geomechanics and hydromechanics processes. Formation tensile and plastic shear failures, incurred under hydrocarbon drawdown and in situ stress changes, increase the sand production potential. In return, the production of sand also weakens the formation matrix through degradation of its mechanical strength (cohesion and friction angle). The self-adjusted mechanism enables the model to compute the volumetric sand production and cavity propagation in terms of fluidized sand saturation and porosity respectively. The results of two types of completion give an insight to guide the design in different completion technique and perforation pattern in terms of optimization of the hydrocarbon production.
Electronic countermeasures (ECM) technique measurements and automation methods (2012)

Test and verification of ECM Systems can prove to be challenging due to the dynamically changing RF signals encountered. To support development of an ECM system it is important to provide a method of test for ECM technique measurements. This method needs to not only support the development and integration phase of the system, but also final performance and functional verification. Having a method to provide the user with an automated and simplified measurement capability saves time and improves accuracy and repeatability. This paper will discuss generic ECM system measurement methods and their automation for use in Test Program Set (TPS) applications. Specifically, ECM technique measurements will be discussed. An overview will be provided on Northrop Grumman's ECM Techniques Analyzer (ECMTA). The architecture will be discussed along with its measurement capabilities and application to TPS use. The ECMTA supports a variety of test needs and has been provided to multiple Customers in order to support EW Jammer programs and lab applications. The ECMTA incorporates a modular tuned receiver architecture that allows COTS modules to be reconfigured via software to form the desired measurement instrument capability. This software defined instrument capability is coded using LabVIEW. Digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms are applied to analyze and process the desired technique response for display to the user. Additional test capabilities have been integrated with TestStand to provide an automated parametric verification (pass/fail) capability which is used for final system test of verification.
Anionic polysaccharide production and tyrosinase activation in cultured human melanoma cells. (1976)

A human melanoma cell line established in our laboratory was characterized in terms of tyrosinase activity and anionic polysaccharide production. Tyrosinase levels were diluted during the growth phase and increased after the cell culture became confluent. The anionic polysaccharides produced included hyaluronic acid, heparitin sulfate, and a high-molecular-weight condroitin 4-sulfate. In contrast, a primary culture of human melanocytes derived from embryonic iris produced much greater amounts of hyaluronic acid, about 30-fold less heparitin sulfate, and a mixture of chondroitin 4-sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Saccharides secreted into the culture medium were generally identical to those remaining cell associated except for the melanoma heparitin sulfate, wherein the latter fraction appeared to be of lower molecular weight.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Produces Autolysin‐Susceptible Cell Walls during Growth in a High‐NaCl and Low‐Ca<sup>2+</sup> Concentration Medium (2000)

The growth of Staphylococcus aureus 209P becomes unusually sensitive to a high-NaCl concentration by decreasing the Ca2+ concentration in growth media, and cells either autolyze or transform into protoplast-like forms when grown standing in high-NaCl and low-Ca2+ concentration media below 37 C (Ochiai, T., Microbiol. Immunol. 43 (7): 705-709, 1999). To assess the role of Ca2+ in the salt tolerance of this organism, cells grown in the presence of different concentrations of Ca2+ were treated with boiling SDS, and their susceptibilities to crude autolysin (3 M LiCl extract of S. aureus 209P cells) were evaluated by turbidimetric assay and zymographic analysis. Susceptibilities of SDS-treated cells (SDS-cells) to crude autolysin were significantly influenced by Ca2+ concentration in the culture, and SDS-cells prepared from cultures grown in high-NaCl and high-Ca2+ concentration media exhibited marked resistance to crude autolysin when the assay system contained a high concentration of NaCl. On the contrary, SDS-cells prepared from cultures grown in high-NaCl and low-Ca2+ concentration media were rather susceptible to crude autolysin under the same assay conditions. A zymographic analysis revealed that the constitution of cell-associated autolysins was not influenced by the concentration of exogenous Ca2+. These results suggested that at least part of the mechanism of salt-induced autolysis in S. aureus 209P might be related to the synthesis of an autolysin susceptible cell wall.
Wet oxidation of poly(ethylene glycol) catalyzed by manganese-cerium composite oxide (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWet oxidation of poly(ethylene glycol) catalyzed by manganese-cerium composite oxideSeiichiro Imamura, Minoru Nakamura, Nariyoshi Kawabata, Junichi Yoshida, and Shingo IshidaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1986, 25, 1, 34–37Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300021a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i300021a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views550Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An FPGA-based radiation tolerant SmallSat Computer System (2017)

This paper describes the design and testing of a radiation tolerant, low-cost computer system for use in small satellites. The computer is implemented on a modern Field Programmable Gate Array, which enables the novel fault mitigation strategy to be deployed on a commercial part, thus reducing the cost of the system. Using a modern processing node also provides increased computational performance and power efficiency. Our computer system has been in development at Montana State University for the past 8 years and has undergone a series of technology demonstrations to increase its technical readiness level. These include high energy particle bombardment at the Texas A&M Radiation Effects Facility, 8 high altitude balloon flights to 30km, and two sounding rocket flights to altitudes greater than 120km. This computer is scheduled for a demonstration onboard the International Space Station at the end of 2016 and for two stand-alone small satellite missions in low earth orbit in 2017. This paper will describe the design, testing, and characterization of our computer system in addition to the qualifications underway to prepare for the upcoming orbital demonstrations.
Measuring thermal neutron absorption cross sections of formation brines (1975)

A recently developed neutron absorption cell measures the thermal neutron absorption cross sections of formation brines ($Sigma$ /sub w/). This is one of the parameters needed for interpreting pulsed neutron decay logs. Generally, $Sigma$/sub w/ is estimated for the salinity of the brine. Sometimes it can be measured in a large tank with a logging tool, but this requires several hundred gallons of the brine. With the neutron absorption cell, this measurement can be made on a sample as small as one gallon, with a precision of 0.1 percent, in less than 5 minutes. Seventeen brine samples from oil fields in the U. S. and Canada have been analyzed in the cell. The cross sections measured have been compared with cross sections calculated from chemical analyses. The analyses included atomic absorption measurements to determine the concentration of boron in the samples. In almost all cases, boron contributed a noticeable amount to the total absorption cross section. In one brine, over 8 percent of the cross section was attributed to boron. Sodium, chlorine, and the hydrogen in the water were the only other elements that contributed appreciably to the cross section. The calculated and measured cross sections agreed within the experimentalmore » errors of the chemical analyses. (auth)« less
A New Graphical Password Scheme Resistant to Shoulder-Surfing (2010)

Shoulder-surfing is a known risk where an attacker can capture a password by direct observation or by recording the authentication session. Due to the visual interface, this problem has become exacerbated in graphical passwords. There have been some graphical schemes resistant or immune to shoulder-surfing, but they have significant usability drawbacks, usually in the time and effort to log in. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a new shoulder-surfing resistant scheme which has a desirable usability for PDAs. Our inspiration comes from the drawing input method in DAS and the association mnemonics in Story for sequence retrieval. The new scheme requires users to draw a curve across their password images orderly rather than click directly on them. The drawing input trick along with the complementary measures, such as erasing the drawing trace, displaying degraded images, and starting and ending with randomly designated images provide a good resistance to shoulder-surfing. A preliminary user study showed that users were able to enter their passwords accurately and to remember them over time.
HER2 testing in gastric cancer: An update (2016)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression is increasingly recognized as a frequent molecular abnormality in gastric and gastroesophageal cancer. With the recent introduction of HER2 molecular targeted therapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer, determination of HER2 status is crucial in order to select patients who may benefit from this treatment. This paper provides an update on our knowledge of HER2 in gastric and gastroesophageal cancer, including the prognostic relevance of HER2, the key differences between HER2 protein expression interpretation in breast and gastric cancer, the detection methods and the immunohistochemistry scoring system.
Measuring Market Impact and Liquidity (2006)

Poor execution can turn a good idea into a losing trade. Skilled traders (and their brokers) use their knowledge and experience to balance the immediacy of a transaction with the liquidity available in the market. This note reports on the work we have done to estimate the market impact of one-off trades in electronically traded futures markets. <b>TOPICS:</b>Exchanges/markets/clearinghouses, futures and forward contracts
Lipid and Phospholipid Profiling of Biological Samples Using MALDI Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (2008)

Here we describe a study of the feasibility of lipid and phospholipid (PL) profiling using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) for two different applications. In this work PL profiles of different mammalian tissues as well as those of whole cell organisms were examined. In particular, comparative analysis of lipid and PL profiles of tissues from mice fed different diets was done and, in another application, MALDI FTMS was used to analyze PL profiles of genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Computational sorting of the observed ions was done in order to group the lipid and PL ions from complex MALDI spectra. The PL profiles of liver tissues from mice fed different diets showed a cross correlation coefficient of 0.2580, indicating significant dissimilarity, and revealed more than 30 significantly different peaks at the 99.9% confidence level. Histogram plots derived from the spectra of wild type and genetically modified yeast resulted in a cross correlation coefficient 0.8941 showing greater similarity, but still revealing a number of significantly different peaks. Based on these results, it appears possible to use MALDI FTMS to identify PLs as potential biomarkers for metabolic processes in whole cells and tissues.
Accommodation and Related Risk Factors Associated with Myopia Progression and Their Interaction with Treatment in COMET Children (2004)

The results support the COMET rationale (i.e., a role for retinal defocus in myopia progression). In clinical practice in the United States children with large lags of accommodation and near esophoria often are prescribed PALs or bifocals to improve visual performance. Results of this study suggest that such children, if myopic, may have an additional benefit of slowed progression of myopia.
Grb7 is a Downstream Signaling Component of Platelet-derived Growth Factor α- and β-Receptors (1996)

Ligand stimulation of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha- or beta-receptors leads to activation of their intrinsic tyrosine kinases and autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues. Grb7 is an SH2 and PH domain-containing molecule that is known to be overexpressed in some breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Here we show that the SH2 domain of Grb7 can directly bind to the autophosphorylated PDGF beta-receptor in vitro. Grb7 association to the PDGF beta-receptor was dramatically reduced by replacement of tyrosine residues 716 or 775 with phenylalanine residues. Synthetic phosphorylated peptides containing Tyr-716 or Tyr-775 inhibited binding of the Grb7 SH2 domain to the autophosphorylated PDGF beta-receptor in a manner similar to but distinct from the binding of the Grb2 SH2 domain. Grb7 associated with activated PDGF beta-receptors in vivo, and the association was dramatically reduced by substitution of Tyr-716 or Tyr-775 with a phenylalanine residue. Furthermore, complex formation between Shc and Grb7 was observed after ligand stimulation of PDGF alpha- or beta-receptors in cells transfected with Grb7 cDNA or in the breast cancer cell line BT-474. Thus, Grb7 is implicated in PDGF signaling pathways in certain cell types by binding to the receptor directly or indirectly via Shc.
Synergism between interleukin-6 and interleukin-3 in supporting proliferation of human hematopoietic stem cells: comparison with interleukin-1 alpha (1988)

Currently available evidence suggests that in the steady state, the majority of hematopoietic stem cells are dormant in cell cycle and reside in the so-called G0 period. Studies in our laboratory indicated that once a stem cell leaves G0, its subsequent proliferation requires the presence of interleukin-3 (IL-3). Recently it was reported that interleukin-1 (IL-1) may stimulate stem cells to become sensitive to IL-3. In a separate study, we observed that interleukin-6 (IL-6, also known as B cell stimulatory factor-2/interferon beta 2) possesses synergism with IL-3, shortening the G0 period of murine hematopoietic stem cells. We report here that human IL-6 and IL-3 act synergistically in support of the proliferation of progenitors for human blast cell colonies and that IL-1 alpha reveals no synergism with IL-3 when tested against purified human marrow progenitors. Panned My-10+ human marrow cells were plated in culture and on day 14 of incubation, either IL-3, IL-6, IL-1 alpha or a combination of these factors was added to the cultures. Blast cell colony formation was analyzed daily between days 18 and 32 of culture. IL-6 or IL-1 alpha alone failed to support blast cell colony formation. In the presence of IL-3 alone, blast cell colonies continued to emerge between days 21 and 27. When a combination of IL-3 and IL-6 was added, blast cell colonies developed earlier than in cultures with IL-3 alone and twice as many blast cell colonies were identified. IL-1 alpha failed to augment IL-3-dependent blast cell colony formation. Replating studies of the individual blast cell colonies revealed various types of single as well as multilineage colonies. These observations suggest that IL-6 shortens the G0 period of human hematopoietic stem cells and that the reported synergistic activities of IL-1 on primitive hematopoietic cells may be indirect.
DMS-MTX turnkey system for cellular mobile radio application (1984)

With advances in digital switching technology and new concepts in cellular mobile radio, it has become possible to provide automatic, high quality, flexible, and uninterrupted mobile telephone services to millions of public users. The cellular radio concept makes efficient use of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum through coordinated reuse of allocated channels. Northern Telecom's DMS-MTX system, a member of the DMS-100* family of switching systems, uses computer-controlled, digital technology to provide a state-of-the-art system capable of handling simultaneous calls for a large subscriber base. The DMS-MTX system, jointly developed by Northern Telecom and General Electric, consists of the mobile telephone exchange (MTX), the cell site controllers (CSC), and the radio control units (RCUs). This paper describes the functions of the MTX and the CSC and explains how they interface with the RCUs and the mobile telephone users in call establishment. The functions of various RCUs are described in an accompanying paper.
Signal transduction pathways activated by ciliary neurotrophic factor and related cytokines. (1996)

Neuropoietic cytokines such as ciliary neurotrophic factor, leukemia inhibitory factor, and interleukin-6 are known to be responsible for a wide variety of effects on cells of the immune and nervous systems. The mechanisms by which such diverse effects are regulated and coordinated within cells is of central importance to the understanding of how these molecules function during development. This review discusses the receptor complexes through which neuropoietic cytokines signal and the mechanisms by which activation of specific enzymes such as the Jak family of kinases are transduced into changes of gene expression through molecules such as the Stat proteins. This review also discusses how this JAK-Stat signaling pathway is thought to interact with other known cascades, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
BIALL Covid-19 Industry Survey 2020: an Introduction (2021)

Abstract The British and Irish Association of Law Librarians (BIALL) carried out a survey of BIALL members during May 2020 in order to gain a view, at a point in time, of the impact of Covid-19. 1 National lockdowns in both the United Kingdom and Ireland had come into force in March 2020 . The survey was a way of gauging how the legal information community was responding to the challenges and changing circumstances brought about as a result of the pandemic. This brief introduction by Karen Brown, President of BIALL, sets the scene for the results of the survey which appear in the pages that follow. 2
Intramolecular C−H Amination Reactions:  Exploitation of the Rh<sub>2</sub>(II)-Catalyzed Decomposition of Azidoacrylates (2007)

Rhodium(II) perfluorobutyrate-mediated decomposition of vinyl azides provides a new, mild entry into Rh2(II) nitrenoid chemistry. This methodology allows rapid access to a variety of complex, functionalized N-heterocycles in two steps from commercially available starting materials.