gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calibration of a free-form surface mirror in a stereo vision system (2003)

The presence of repetitive patterns in the domain of stereo vision results in multiple matching hypotheses. Choosing the wrong hypothesis leads to an incorrect determination of objects and calculation of their distances. Especially in vision-based driver assistance and safety systems a high accuracy in matching and distance calculation is vital. One approach to increase the robustness of matching is to add a third camera to the system. Another idea is to resolve the ambiguities over time. In this paper we present a different solution without additional hardware expense: The shiny varnished hood of the car provides a mirror which is in a fixed position relative to the cameras. This mirror displays additional views of the scene, providing the required information. The cameras and the respective camera-mirror systems need to be calibrated. The epipolar geometry and the disparity-distance function of the free-form surface mirror must be determined. After establishing this we can obtain the correct matching hypothesis.
Imbibitional Damage and Desiccation Tolerance of Wild Rice (<i>Zizania palustris</i>) Seeds (1992)

Seeds (caryopses) of North American wild rice (Zizania palustris var. interior), a temperate aquatic grass, have been reported to lose viability when desiccated (i.e. to be ‘recalcitrant’ or ‘homoiohydrous’). They are also deeply dormant at maturity and require as much as six months of stratification to break dormancy. It has been suggested that wild rice seed may have been misclassified as recalcitrant in some experiments due to the presence of dormancy. We report here that wild rice seeds can survive desiccation to seed and cmbryonic axis moisture contents as low as 6–8% (fresh weight basis). However, maximum survival of desiccation to these low moisture contents is possible only if dehydration occurs at temperatures ≥25°C and a slow imbibition period (3 weeks minimum) is allowed at temperatures between 10 and 25°C prior to stratification or dormancy-breaking treatments. The reduction in survival of dehydration at temperatures <25°C appears to occur only when embryonic axis moisture contents are reduced below about 8%. We also show that various techniques to assess viability of dry dormant seeds (moisture contents <30%), such as tetrazolium tests or scarifying the pericarp above the embryo, can cause a reproducible loss of viability due to imbibitional damage that has previously been interpreted as intolerance of desiccation. Most reports of the desiccation intolerance of wild rice seeds can be explained on the basis of the temperatures of dehydration or rehydration, failure to break dormancy, or imbibitional injury during viability testing. The successful dehydration and rehydration of wild rice seeds has important practical implications for seed storage and germplasm preservation. In addition, the temperature dependence of desiccation tolerance in wild rice seeds represents a novel relationship between seed viability, temperature, and moisture content.
D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 peptide exerts higher antimicrobial properties than its L-form counterpart via an association with bacterial cell wall components (2017)

The antimicrobial peptide KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> was developed based on sapesin B, and synthesized using D-amino acids. Biochemical properties of the D-form and L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> peptides were compared. In order to limit the effects due to bacterial resistance to proteolysis, antimicrobial activities of the peptides were evaluated after short-term exposure to bacteria. D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> exhibited higher antimicrobial activities than L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> against bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In contrast, both the D-form and L-form of other antimicrobial peptides, including Mastoparan M and Temporin A, exhibited similar antimicrobial activities. Both the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> and L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> peptides preferentially disrupted S. aureus-mimetic liposomes over mammalian-mimetic liposomes. Furthermore, the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> increased the membrane permeability of S. aureus more than the L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub>. Thus suggesting that the enhanced antimicrobial activity of the D-form was likely due to its interaction with bacterial cell wall components. S. aureus peptidoglycan preferentially inhibited the antimicrobial activity of the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> relative to the L-form. Furthermore, the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> showed higher affinity for S. aureus peptidoglycan than the L-form. Taken together, these results indicate that the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH<sub>2</sub> peptide has higher antimicrobial activity than the L-form via a specific association with bacterial cell wall components, including peptidoglycan.
Role of a Short Open Reading Frame in Ribosome Shunt on the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus RNA Leader (2000)

The pregenomic 35 S RNA of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) belongs to the growing number of mRNAs known to have a complex leader sequence. The 612-nucleotide leader contains several short open reading frames (sORFs) and forms an extended hairpin structure. Downstream translation of 35 S RNA is nevertheless possible due to the ribosome shunt mechanism, by which ribosomes are directly transferred from a take-off site near the capped 5' end of the leader to a landing site near its 3' end. There they resume scanning and reach the first long open reading frame. We investigated in detail how the multiple sORFs influence ribosome migration either via shunting or linear scanning along the CaMV leader. The sORFs together constituted a major barrier for the linear ribosome migration, whereas the most 5'-proximal sORF, sORF A, in combination with sORFs B and C, played a positive role in translation downstream of the leader by diverting scanning ribosomes to the shunt route. A simplified, shunt-competent leader was constructed with the most part of the hairpin including all the sORFs except sORF A replaced by a scanning-inhibiting structure. In this leader as well as in the wild type leader, proper translation and termination of sORF A was required for efficient shunt and also for the level of shunt enhancement by a CaMV-encoded translation transactivator. sORF A could be replaced by heterologous sORFs, but a one-codon (start/stop) sORF was not functional. The results implicate that in CaMV, shunt-mediated translation requires reinitiation. The efficiency of the shunt process is influenced by translational properties of the sORF.
Harnessing Interference for Analog Function Computation in Wireless Sensor Networks (2013)

It is known that if the objective of a wireless sensor network is not to reconstruct individual sensor readings at a fusion center but rather to compute a linear function of them, then the interference property of the wireless channel can be beneficially harnessed by letting nodes transmit simultaneously. Recently, an analog computation scheme was proposed to show that it is possible to take the advantage of the interference property even if nonlinear functions are to be computed. The scheme involves some pre-processing on the sensor readings and post-processing on the superimposed signals observed by the fusion center. Correspondingly, this paper provides a thorough base for a theory of analog-computing functions over wireless channels by specifying what is the maximum achievable. This means it is determined for networks of arbitrary topology which functions are generally analog-computable over the channel and how many wireless resources are needed. It turns out that the considerations are closely related to the famous 13th Hilbert problem and that analog-computations can be universally performed in the sense that the pre-processing at sensor nodes is independent of the function to be computed. Universality reduces the complexity of transmitters and the signaling overhead, and it is shown that this property is preserved if nodes leave or join the network. Analog-computability is therefore of high practical relevance as it allows for an efficient computation of functions in sensor networks.
Von Einzelprojekten zum gesellschaftlichen Projekt „Nachhaltige Mobilität“ (2007)

Vor dem Hintergrund so allgemeiner „Regeln“ für den Umgang mit Hochs und Tiefs sowie mit förderlichen und hinderlichen Aspekten in den jeweiligen Phasen von Innovationsprozessen liegt es nahe, auch deren übertragbarkeit auf das innovative und zugleich langfristig angelegte gesellschaftliche Projekt „Nachhaltige Mobilität“ zu überprüfen. Denn eines machen unsere Befunde deutlich: Innovative Projekte dauern zwar länger; zahlreiche Iterationsschleifen insbesondere in den frühen Phasen der Problemdefinition und Ideengenerierung, aber auch während der Umsetzung durchziehen nämlich ihren Verlauf. Gelingt es aber, die am Prozess beteiligten Akteure und deren unterschiedliche Visionen, Interessen, Fragestellungen oder methodischen Herangehensweisen sinnvoll zu vernetzen, dann sind die Erfolgsaussichten innovativer Projekte nicht schlechter als die Aussichten nicht-innovativer. Insofern gilt tatsächlich: „Gut Ding will Weile haben“.
Papillomavirus E2 Proteins and the Host Brd4 Protein Associate with Transcriptionally Active Cellular Chromatin (2009)

The interaction of papillomavirus E2 proteins with cellular Brd4 protein is important for transcriptional regulation of viral genes and partitioning of viral genomes. Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) E2 binds cellular chromatin in complex with Brd4 in both mitotic and interphase cells. To identify specific sites of E2 interaction on cellular chromatin, a genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation-on-chip analysis was carried out using human promoter sequences. Both E2 and Brd4 were found bound to most transcriptionally active promoters in C33A cells. These promoters were also bound by RNA polymerase II and were modified by histone H3 acetylation and K4 trimethylation, all indicators of active transcription. E2 binding strongly correlated with Brd4 and RNA polymerase II occupancy and H3K4me3 modification at all human promoters, indicating that E2 bound to active promoters. E2 binding did not correlate with the presence of consensus E2 binding sites in the promoters. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of E2-bound cellular genes were not significantly changed by E2 expression. Thus, the papillomavirus E2 proteins bind to transcriptionally active cellular genes but do not change their activity. We propose that this may be a way for the virus to ensure that the viral genome is retained in transcriptionally active regions of the nucleus to escape silencing. Therefore, E2-mediated tethering of viral genomes to host chromatin has multiple roles: to partition the viral genome to daughter cells, to ensure that the genomes are retained in the nucleus, and to make certain that the genomes are retained in functionally active nuclear domains.
‘Bogged down’ ELT in Bangladesh: Problems and policy (2014)

Hamid & Baldauf's (2008) labelling of the term ‘bogged down’ within the Bangladeshi ELT context and their prediction about the outcome of the English Language Teaching Improvement Project (ELTIP) appear to be true. While Hamid & Baldauf (2008) endeavour to present the poor ELT reality of rural Bangladesh, the current paper aims to explore the problems that make ELT ‘bogged down’ in Bangladesh.
Pattern decomposition for double patterning from photomask viewpoint (2007)

Double Patterning Technology (DPT) has been evaluated and reported since 32nm half pitch is recognized to be required with conventional immersion ArF lithography. DPT requires pattern decomposition into two pattern sets and the decomposition becomes more complex for especially so-called logic pattern including irregular pattern placement and many-vertices polygons. The innocent decomposition often creates forced segmentation of those polygons and two different aspect of photomasks such as density or substantial line direction. Those decomposed photomasks not only produce large possibilities of different error behavior but also leave annoyance complexity untouched. It is well known that line-ends and dense twisted lines produce large MEF. Then tighter specification for photomask fabrication have been required since the resolution limit was getting below the exposure wavelength. So the decomposition that creates tight patterns into separate two photomasks has possibilities of the fabrication load lighter. In this paper, the decomposition of criteria for DPT which helps photomask fabrication with a small possibilities is evaluated and discussed. Furthermore though it's getting to popular that overlay and CD uniformity of photomasks for DPT impact to completed CD with wafer exposure directly, considering other errors such as CD shift or phase error which are supposed to recover by exposure in addition to those errors are also studied.
Initial B Cell Activation Induces Metabolic Reprogramming and Mitochondrial Remodeling (2018)

B lymphocytes provide adaptive immunity by generating antigen-specific antibodies and supporting the activation of T cells. Little is known about how global metabolism supports naive B cell activation to enable an effective immune response. By coupling RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data with glucose isotopomer tracing, we show that stimulated B cells increase programs for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and nucleotide biosynthesis, but not glycolysis. Isotopomer tracing uncovered increases in TCA cycle intermediates with almost no contribution from glucose. Instead, glucose mainly supported the biosynthesis of ribonucleotides. Glucose restriction did not affect B cell functions, yet the inhibition of OXPHOS or glutamine restriction markedly impaired B cell growth and differentiation. Increased OXPHOS prompted studies of mitochondrial dynamics, which revealed extensive mitochondria remodeling during activation. Our results show how B cell metabolism adapts with stimulation and reveals unexpected details for carbon utilization and mitochondrial dynamics at the start of a humoral immune response.
Role for Endothelin in the Renal Responses to Radiocontrast Media in the Rat (1994)

1. The involvement of endothelin in the renal responses to radiocontrast media was examined in the rat in vitro and in vivo using BQ123, a selective endothelin (ETA) receptor antagonist, and phosphoramidon, an endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor. 2. For experiments in vitro, an isolated perfused rat kidney was employed perfusing in closed circuit with an albumin-based Krebs-Henseleit solution. The effects of BQ123 and phosphoramidon on the renal responses to iotrolan (iso-osmolar radiocontrast media) and diatrizoate (high-osmolar radiocontrast media) were examined. In vivo, renal conductance was measured using a Doppler flow probe in the anaesthetized rat pretreated with indomethacin, and the effects of BQ123 and phosphoramidon on the renal response to intravenous diatrizoate were examined. 3. In vitro, iotrolan and diatrizoate both produced a biphasic effect on the glomerular filtration rate, characterized by a transient increase followed by a sustained fall. Pretreatment with BQ123 (10 mumol/l), but not phosphoramidon (1 mmol/l), prevented both the increase and the sustained fall in glomerular filtration rate induced by radiocontrast media. 4. In vitro, iotrolan and diatrizoate both produced a sustained fall in renal perfusate flow. An initial increase in renal perfusate flow was only observed with diatrizoate. Pretreatment with BQ123 (10 mumol/l), but not with phosphoramidon (1 mmol/l), markedly inhibited the sustained fall in renal perfusate flow produced by both iotrolan and diatrizoate. BQ123 (10 mumol/l), however, markedly potentiated the renal vasodilatation produced by diatrizoate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Tensile properties of electrodeposited nickel-cobalt (1986)

Proprietes de traction a temperatures ambiante, cryogenique et elevee. Influence du traitement thermique sur ces proprietes
Requirements and concepts for future automotive electronic architectures from the view of integrated safety (2008)

In this dissertation, concepts of the electronic architecture of automotive Integrated Safety System are developed as a cooperative approach of engineering process, dependable hardware architecture and software platform. The development process covers distributed rapid prototyping with virtual front-loading and correct-by-construction. Concepts of fault tolerant hardware architecture and dependability software services are discussed with design guidelines.
Windows Server 2012 R2 Inside Out Volume 2: Services, Security, & Infrastructure (2014)

This supremely organized reference packs hundreds of timesaving solutions, troubleshooting tips, and workarounds for Windows Server 2012 R2 - with a focus on infrastructure, core services, and security features. Coverage includes: TCP/IP networking Managing DHCP DNS infrastructure and management Implementing and managing DNS and WINS Active Directory architecture, sites, replication, domain services Read-only domain controllers Managing users, groups, and computers Managing Group Policy Active Directory site administration Deploying and managing print services
Norepinephrine release in brown adipose tissue remains robust in cold-exposed senescent Fischer 344 rats (2003)

Near the end of life, old F344 rats undergo a transition, marked by spontaneous and rapidly declining function. Food intake and body weight decrease, and these rats, which we call senescent, develop severe hypothermia in the cold due in part to blunted brown fat [brown adipose tissue (BAT)] thermogenesis. We tested the hypothesis that this attenuation may involve diminished sympathetic signaling by measuring cold-induced BAT norepinephrine release in freely moving rats using linear microdialysis probes surgically implanted into interscapular BAT 24 and 48 h previously. In response to 2 h at 15 degrees C, senescent rats increased BAT norepinephrine release 6- to 10-fold but did not maintain homeothermy. This increase was comparable to that of old presenescent (weight stable) rats that did maintain homeothermy during even greater cold exposure (2 h at 15 degrees C followed by 1.5 h at 8 degrees C). Tail temperatures, an index of vasoconstrictor responsiveness to cold, exhibited similar cooling curves in presenescent and senescent rats. Thus cold-induced sympathetic signaling to BAT and tail vasoconstrictor responsiveness remain robust in senescent rats and cannot explain their cold-induced hypothermia.
A practical curb-climbing aid for wheelchair-bound paraplegic persons (a progress report). (1980)

The article describes in detail an arrangement of trough-shaped wheel ramps and telescoping articulating control rods intended to allow a wheelchair-bound paraplegic to quickly ascend and descend single steps or curbs as high as 8 in. Data on testing of the system with trained and untrained able-bodied male and female subjects is reported; very limited testing with paraplegics suggests that their performance may almost equal that of the able-bodied. Advantages claimed include simplicity, light weight (8 lb), and low cost. Required modification of a standard wheelchair is limited to welding a simple bracket to the outer end of each extended main wheel axle. With ramps and control rods mounted ready for prompt use, chair width is increased by a total of 6 in. When the chair is used indoors or no curbs are expected, a paraplegic occupant, unaided, can dismount the ramps and rods and store them in a canvas bag hanging from the seat back. In this configuration the chair is only 1 in wider than its original unmodified width. Further testing with handicapped occupants is intended. Good arm, hand, and lower-back strength and movement, plus good coordination, are user requirements.
Capecitabine: treatment options in metastatic breast cancer (2009)

Capecitabine (Xeloda®) is an orally administered chemotherapeutic agent, widely used for metastatic breast cancer treatment. Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate selective enzymatic conversion of capecitabine into 5-fluorouracil, a potent cytotoxic agent within malignant tumors. Capecitabine is the only cytotoxic agent without cumulative toxicity and it exhibits synergistic activity when used in combination with a wide range of other cytotoxic and biologic agents. Capecitabine monotherapy results in an objective response rate of 15–37% in patients with metastatic breast cancer in the adjuvant setting. A combination regimen of capecitabine with docetaxel (Taxotere®) improves overall survival in metastatic breast cancer compared with docetaxel monotherapy. Treatment-refractory, heavily pretreated and elderly patients have experienced positive outcomes with capecitabine, demonstrating its utility in diverse populations. Multiple trials suggest that initiating capecitabine treatment with lower daily doses may improve its safety and tolerability profile without compromising efficacy.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Heterocyclic Carboxamides as Potential Antipsychotic Agents (1996)

Heterocyclic analogues of 1192U90, 2-amino-N-(4-(4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)-butyl) benzamide hydrochloride (1), were prepared and evaluated as potential antipsychotic agents. These analogues were evaluated in vitro for their binding to the dopamine D2, serotonin 5-HT2, and serotonin 5-HT1a receptors and in vivo for their ability to antagonize the apomorphine-induced climbing response in mice. Nine different types of heterocyclic carboxamides were studied in this investigation (i.e., pyridine-, thiophene-, benzothiophene-, quinoline-, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-, 2,3-dihydroindole-, indole-, benzimidazole-, and indazolecarboxamides). Two derivatives exhibited potent in vivo activities comparable to 1: 3-amino-N-(4-(4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl)-2 -pyridinecarboxamide (16) and 3-amino-N-(4-(4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl) -2-thiophenecarboxamide (29). Furthermore, these derivatives were found to be much less active in behavioral models predictive of extrapyramidal side effects than in the mouse climbing assay, which predicts antipsychotic activity. Carboxamides 16 and 29 were selected for further evaluation as potential backup compounds to 1.
Lab testing of neural networks for improved aircraft onboard-diagnostics on flight-ready hardware (2002)

The use of neural networks (NNs) to enhance onboard diagnostics and provide real-time damage detection for aircraft reconfiguration has been investigated. This research focus was a result of investigating new technologies to improve mission success and reduce life cycle/support cost resulting from a high percentage of 'cannot duplicate' and 'retest O.K.' maintenance actions occurring on some aircraft systems. Laboratory testing results have shown that future onboard diagnostics systems can use NNs to detect intermittent failure and false failure indications. The test instance featured an Ada-based NN running in an advanced vehicle management system computer (VMSC).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>