gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of β‐Li<sub>3</sub>TiF<sub>6</sub> = LiLi(TiF<sub>6</sub>)(TiF<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub> – a double fluoride? (1996)

Abstract Purple colored single crystals of the β‐modification of Li 3 TiF 6 have been prepared by heating an appropriate mixture of LiF and TiF 3 at 820°C under an argon atmosphere. β‐Li 3 TiF 6 crystallizes in C2/c with a = 14.452(2) Å, b = 8.798(1) Å, c = 10.113(1) Å and β = 96.30(1)º. The structure is isotypic to β‐Li 3 VF 6 and contains isolated compressed TiF 6 octahedra (d Ti–F = 1.91–2.01 Å). Magnetic properties of β‐Li 3 TiF 6 were studied and discussed. Band structure calculations and calculations of the Madelung part of the lattice energy, MAPLE, were performed to discuss the chemical bonding.
Global regulation by CsrA in <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (2003)

CsrA is a regulator of invasion genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. To investigate the wider role of CsrA in gene regulation, we compared the expression of Salmonella genes in a csrA mutant with those in the wild type using a DNA microarray. As expected, we found that expression of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) invasion genes was greatly reduced in the csrA mutant, as were genes outside the island that encode proteins translocated into eukaryotic cells by the SPI-1 type III secretion apparatus. The flagellar synthesis operons, flg and fli, were also poorly expressed, and the csrA mutant was aflagellate and non-motile. The genes of two metabolic pathways likely to be used by Salmonella in the intestinal milieu also showed reduced expression: the pdu operon for utilization of 1,2-propanediol and the eut operon for ethanolamine catabolism. Reduced expression of reporter fusions in these two operons confirmed the microarray data. Moreover, csrA was found to regulate co-ordinately the cob operon for synthesis of vitamin B12, required for the metabolism of either 1,2-propanediol or ethanolamine. Additionally, the csrA mutant poorly expressed the genes of the mal operon, required for transport and use of maltose and maltodextrins, and had reduced amounts of maltoporin, normally a dominant protein of the outer membrane. These results show that csrA controls a number of gene classes in addition to those required for invasion, some of them unique to Salmonella, and suggests a co-ordinated bacterial response to conditions that exist at the site of bacterial invasion, the intestinal tract of a host animal.
Pulse-Gated Quantum-Dot Hybrid Qubit (2012)

A quantum-dot hybrid qubit formed from three electrons in a double quantum dot has the potential for great speed, due to the presence of level crossings where the qubit becomes chargelike. Here, we show how to exploit the level crossings to implement fast pulsed gating. We develop one- and two-qubit dc quantum gates that are simpler than the previously proposed ac gates. We obtain closed-form solutions for the control sequences and show that the gates are fast (subnanosecond) and can achieve high fidelities.
Light scanner based on a viscoelastic stretchable grating (2005)

We present a new technique for light scanning by use of viscoelastic-based deformable phase diffraction gratings. Mechanical stretching of the grating permits control of its spatial period, and thus the orders of diffraction can be spatially deflected. In the experiments the viscoelastic gratings with triangular and rectangular profiles have been characterized at lambda = 633 nm. It is demonstrated that the reversible elongation can exceed 20% of the initial length. For the triangular profile grating, the diffraction angle of the first order changed from 6.6 degrees to 5.4 degrees while the diffraction efficiency remained almost constant at approximately 17%. Dynamic scanning of a laser beam at frequencies of approximately 1 kHz is demonstrated by use of electromechanically driven viscoelastic gratings.
An anti-fake iris authentication mechanism for smart glasses (2013)

Wearable devices, especially the smart glasses, are gaining growing attention from both academy and industry. However, the smart glasses are suffering from the lack of a safety user authentication method. In this paper, an anti-fake iris authentication mechanism is proposed. The iris recognition method combined with the consistency detection of pupil size change is used in our mechanism to ensure its robustness to fake iris attacks as well as its potential to be deployed on small devices constrained by energy and hardware. Through experiment, the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism is shown.
Characterization of two nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains isolated from a commercial sauerkraut fermentation (1992)

Two Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains, NCK400 and LJH80, isolated from a commercial sauerkraut fermentation were shown to produce nisin. LJH80 was morphologically unstable and gave rise to two stable, nisin-producing (Nip+) derivatives, NCK318-2 and NCK318-3. NCK400 and derivatives of LJH80 exhibited identical morphological and metabolic characteristics, but could be distinguished on the basis of plasmid profiles and genomic hybridization patterns to a DNA probe specific for the iso-ISS1 element, IS946. NCK318-2 and NCK318-3 harbored two and three plasmids, respectively, which hybridized with IS946. Plasmid DNA was not detected in NCK400, and DNA from this strain failed to hybridize with IS946. Despite the absence of detectable plasmid DNA in NCK400, nisin-negative derivatives (NCK402 and NCK403) were isolated after repeated transfer in broth at 37 degrees C. Nisin-negative derivatives concurrently lost the ability to ferment sucrose and became sensitive to nisin. A 4-kbp HindIII fragment containing the structural gene for nisin (spaN), cloned from L. lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 11454, was used to probe genomic DNA of NCK318-2, NCK318-3, NCK400, and NCK402 digested with EcoRI or HindIII. The spaN probe hybridized to an 8.8-kbp EcoRI fragment and a 10-kbp HindIII fragment in the Nip+ sauerkraut isolates, but did not hybridize to the Nip- derivative, NCK402. A different hybridization pattern was observed when the same probe was used against Nip+ L. lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 11454 and ATCC 7962. These phenotypic and genetic data confirmed that unique Nip+ L. lactis subsp. lactis strains were isolated from fermenting sauerkraut.
Vectorial Phase Retrieval of 1-D Signals (2013)

Reconstruction of signals from measurements of their spectral intensities, also known as the phase retrieval problem, is of fundamental importance in many scientific fields. In this paper we present a novel framework, denoted as vectorial phase retrieval, for reconstruction of pairs of signals from spectral intensity measurements of the two signals and of their interference. We show that this new framework can alleviate some of the theoretical and computational challenges associated with classical phase retrieval from a single signal. First, we prove that for compactly supported signals, in the absence of measurement noise, this new setup admits a unique solution. Next, we present a statistical analysis of vectorial phase retrieval and derive a computationally efficient algorithm to solve it. Finally, we illustrate via simulations, that our algorithm can accurately reconstruct signals even at considerable noise levels.
CB<sub>1</sub> cannabinoid receptors are involved in neuroprotection via NF-κB inhibition (2005)

We reported earlier that closed head injury (CHI) in mice causes a sharp elevation of brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels, and that exogenous 2-AG reduces brain edema, infarct volume and hippocampal death and improved clinical recovery after CHI. The beneficial effect of 2-AG was attenuated by SR141716A, a CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist, albeit at relatively high doses. In the present study, we further explored the role of CB1 receptors in mediating 2-AG neuroprotection. CB1 receptor knockout mice (CB1-/-) showed minor spontaneous recovery at 24 h after CHI, in contrast to the significant improvement in neurobehavioral function seen in wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover, administration of 2-AG did not improve neurological performance and edema formation in the CB1-/- mice. In addition, 2-AG abolished the three- to four-fold increase of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappa B) transactivation, at 24 h after CHI in the WT mice, while it had no effect on NF-kappaB in the CB1-/- mice, which was as high as in the WT vehicle-treated mice. We thus propose that 2-AG exerts its neuroprotection after CHI, at least in part, via CB1 receptor-mediated mechanisms that involve inhibition of intracellular inflammatory signaling pathways.
Peat dewatering: solvent extraction (1981)

The objective of this program is to determine the preliminary technical and economic feasibility of using IGT's solvent-extraction process for the dewatering of peat. Parallel objectives of the program are to: identify organic solvents that can be readily used to dewater raw peat by IGT's solvent-extraction process; design, construct, and operate bench-scale equipment for testing the most promising solvents; and estimate the preliminary economics of the process for a commerical-scale peat dewatering plant using a selective solvent. The results indicate that: solvent-extraction dewatering can remove up to 90% of the water in peat; and diethyl ketone (DEK) and benzene appear to dewater peat better than the other solvents tested. A preliminary economic evaluation of solvent-extraction dewatering of peat with DEK shows that the cost of this type of dewatering method is not currently competitive with other peat dewatering methods. (DWC)
Hyper‐reactivity of cerebral arteries from ovariectomized rats: therapeutic benefit of tamoxifen (2003)

1. An increased incidence of systemic hypertension has been documented in postmenopausal women and identified as an independent risk factor in the development of cerebrovascular stroke. The present study examined whether cerebrovascular reactivity was increased in the hypertensive ovariectomized rat, and explored the potential therapeutic benefit of the partial estrogen receptor agonist tamoxifen. 2. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy (OVX, n=16) or a sham operation (n=8). At 6-week postsurgery, rats were anesthetized to assess ventricular contractility and blood pressure. In a second series of experiments, OVX rats (n=8) were given tamoxifen starting 3 weeks postsurgery, and continued for 3 weeks. At the end of each protocol, the middle cerebral artery was harvested and rings were mounted in wire-myographs to measure isometric tension. 3. Systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was significantly increased (P<0.05) in the OVX rat (174+/-8 mmHg), as compared to sham (135+/-6 mmHg). The resting tension of isolated cerebral arteries from OVX rats (186+/-15 mg) was significantly elevated (P<0.05), as compared to sham (129+/-9 mg). Phenylephrine treatment did not elicit a constriction of cerebral arteries isolated from sham rats, whereas a potent response (P<0.05) was observed in OVX rats. Nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibition with L-NNA led to a limited contraction in sham rats (8+/-3% of Emax), whereas a significant (P<0.05) increase was observed in OVX rats (34+/-12% of Emax). Lastly, vascular sensitivity (pD2) to sodium nitroprusside was significantly increased (P<0.05) in OVX rats, as compared to sham. 4. Tamoxifen therapy normalized the resting tension of isolated cerebral arteries from OVX rats, abrogated phenylephrine-mediated contraction, and modestly reduced SAP. By contrast, tamoxifen treatment of OVX rats did not attenuate L-NNA-mediated contractile response of cerebral arteries. 5. These data demonstrate that the cerebral artery isolated from the OVX rat was associated with an exaggerated vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine, and altered NO-dependent vascular reactivity. The administration of tamoxifen to OVX rats normalized cerebral artery reactivity to phenylephrine. These findings provide the impetus to examine the potential therapeutic benefit of the partial estrogen receptor agonist tamoxifen to reduce the incidence of cerebrovascular stroke in postmenopausal women.
Combination and Sequential Antifungal Therapy for Invasive Aspergillosis: Review of Published In Vitro and In Vivo Interactions and 6281 Clinical Cases from 1966 to 2001 (2003)

The development of newer antifungal drugs is creating new potential combination therapies to combat the dismal mortality rate associated with invasive aspergillosis (IA). The efficacy of combination therapy for IA has not been established; sparse data on combination or sequential antifungal therapy depict interactions ranging from synergy to antagonism. We reviewed data from all published in vitro studies, animal model studies, and clinical reports and recent abstracts on combination and sequential antifungal therapy for IA from 1966-2001. Among cases of IA during 1966-2001, 249 were treated with 23 different antifungal combinations. Amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine was the most commonly used (49% of cases), followed by amphotericin B plus itraconazole (16%) or plus rifampin (11%). Combination therapy resulted in improvement in 63% of patients, generally with amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine or rifampin and indifference with amphotericin B plus itraconazole. In 27 in vitro reports, we found synergy (in 36% of reports), additivity (in 24%), indifference (in 28%), and antagonism (in 11%). Amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B plus rifampin showed generally positive interactions and amphotericin B plus itraconazole showed results that were largely indifferent. Eighteen animal model reports demonstrated synergy (in 14% of reports), additivity (in 20%), indifference (in 51%), and antagonism (in 14%). In general, amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B plus rifampin, and amphotericin B plus itraconazole showed indifferent results, whereas amphotericin B plus micafungin showed positive interactions. Thirty-four cases treated during 1990-2001 with sequential therapy, excluding amphotericin B followed by itraconazole, showed improvement in 68% of cases. Improvement was noted with amphotericin B or itraconazole followed by voriconazole but not with itraconazole followed by amphotericin B.
Combined system synthesis and communication architecture exploration for MPSoCs (2009)

In this paper, a novel design space exploration approach is proposed that enables a concurrent optimization of the topology, the process binding, and the communication routing of a system. Given an application model written in SystemC TLM 2.0, the proposed approach performs a fully automatic optimization by a simultaneous resource allocation, task binding, data mapping, and transaction routing for MPSoC platforms. To cope with the huge complexity of the design space, a transformation of the transaction level model to a graph-based model and symbolic representation that allows multi-objective optimization is presented. Results from optimizing a Motion-JPEG decoder illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Note on the Above (1917)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Mixed-Valence Iron(II, III) Trimesates with Open Frameworks Modulated by Solvents (2007)

Solvothermal reactions with different solvents produced two iron trimesates [Fe2(H2O)2(BTC)4/3]Cl x 4.5(DMF) (1) and [Fe4Cl(BTC)8/3]Cl2 x H2O x 2.5(DEF) (2) (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate, DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide, DEF = N,N'-diethylformamide). The framework of 1 is a (3,4)-connected net constructed from mixed-valence paddlewheel Fe2(II, III) units and BTC linkers, while the framework of 2 is a (3,8)-connected net built from mixed-valence square-planar Fe4(III, III, III, II) units and BTC linkers. The large volume inside the framework of 1 (or 2) is occupied by disordered Cl- anions and guest DMF (or DEF) molecules. The mixed-valence character of the frameworks of 1 and 2 was confirmed by Mössbauer spectroscopy studies. The active electronic property of iron cations may be the origin of the variability of the iron-organic frameworks, which are readily affected by some synthetic factors, such as solvents. Magnetic studies reveal that there are antiferromagnetic exchange interactions among the Fe atoms in 1 and 2. Ion-exchange studies for 1 show that the Cl- anions inside the framework of 1 can be exchanged by CNS- anions.
Correct deployment and adaptation of software applications on heterogenous (mobile) devices (2002)

Article Correct deployment and adaptation of software applications on heterogenous (mobile) devices Share on Authors: P. Inverardi University of L'Aquia, Italy University of L'Aquia, ItalyView Profile , F. Mancinelli University of L'Aquia, Italy University of L'Aquia, ItalyView Profile , G. Marinelli University of L'Aquia, Italy University of L'Aquia, ItalyView Profile Authors Info & Claims WOSS '02: Proceedings of the first workshop on Self-healing systemsNovember 2002 Pages 108–110https://doi.org/10.1145/582128.582151Published:18 November 2002 5citation511DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads511Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Autophagy: For Better or for Worse, in Good Times or in Bad Times … (2008)

Autophagy is a bulk cytosolic degradative process which in the last few years has become a key pathway for the advancement of molecular medicine. Autophagy (cellular self-eating) has several implications in human disorders involving accumulation of cytosolic protein aggregates such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, Huntington diseases, as well as in myopathies caused by deficient lysosomal functions and in cancer. Moreover, autophagy affects intracellular microorganism lifespan, acting either as a cellular defense mechanism or, on the contrary, promoting pathogen replication. Furthermore, autophagy also participates in antigen presentation, as a part of the adaptive immune response. Therefore, autophagy association with cell survival or cell death would depend on cell nutrition conditions, presence of cell intruders, and alterations in oncogene or suppressor gene expression. In this review we will focus on the wide spectra of disease-related topics where autophagy is involved, particularly, in those processes concerning microorganism infections.
Concurrent Infections with the Ruminant Nematodes Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in Jirds, Meriones unguiculatus, and Use of This Model for Anthelmintic Studies (1991)

Haemonchus contortus- and Trichostrongylus colubriformis-infected jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) are useful for anthelmintic studies. With concurrent infections of these parasites established in the jird, questions of not only anthelmintic activity, but to some extent spectrum, could be assessed in a single model system. This report outlines a model using immunosuppressed (0.02% hydrocortisone in feed) jirds concurrently infected with H. contortus and T. colubriformis. Immunosuppressed jirds were inoculated with approximately 1,000 exsheathed infective larvae of each species, treated per os on day 10 postinoculation (PI), and killed on day 13 PI. Stomachs and small intestines were removed, opened longitudinally, incubated in distilled water at 37 C for 5 hr, fixed in formaldehyde solution, and stored for subsequent examination. Contents of both organs were examined using a stereomicroscope (15-45 x). Various standard anthelmintics were evaluated in the model; modern broad-spectrum ruminant anthelmintics (benzimidazoles, febantel, ivermectin, levamisole hydrochloride, and milbemycin D) are active uniformly and in most cases at doses comparable to those required for efficacy against these parasites in ruminants. This model, using worms of 2 genera living in distinct sites, allows preliminary evaluation of anthelmintic activity and spectrum for experimental compounds in a single cost- and resource-efficient experiment.
A Novel Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-Independent Role for IGF Binding Protein-3 in Mesenchymal Chondroprogenitor Cell Apoptosis (2003)

Chondrogenesis results from the condensation of mesenchymal chondroprogenitor cells (MCC) that proliferate and differentiate into chondrocytes. We have previously shown that IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has an IGF-independent antiproliferative effect in MCC. The current study evaluates the IGF-independent apoptotic effect of IGFBP-3 on MCC to modulate chondrocyte differentiation. We employed the RCJ3.1C5.18 chondrogenic cell line, which in culture progresses from MCC to differentiated chondrocytes; cells do not express IGFs or IGFBP-3. We also used IGFBP-3 mutants with decreased (I56 substituted to G56; L80 and L81 to G80G81) or abolished binding for IGFs (I56, L80, and L81 to G56G80G81). MCC transfected with IGFBP-3 detached, changed their phenotype, and underwent apoptosis. A maximal IGFBP-3 apoptotic effect was observed 24 h after transfection (463 +/- 73% of controls; P < 0.001). Remarkably, IGFBP-3 mutants had similar effects, demonstrating that the IGFBP-3 apoptotic action was clearly IGF independent. In addition, treatment with IGFBP-3 in serum-free conditions resulted in a significant increase of apoptosis (173 +/- 23% of controls; P < 0.05). Moreover, this apoptotic effect was selective for MCC, resulting in a selective reduction of chondrocytic nodules and a significant decrease in type II collagen expression and proteoglycan synthesis. In summary, we have identified a novel IGF-independent role for IGFBP-3 in the modulation of chondrocyte differentiation.
Controlling the elasticity of polyacrylonitrile fibers <i>via</i> ionic liquids containing cyano-based anions (2022)

As the predominant precursor for high-performance carbon fiber manufacturing, the fabrication of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based composite fibers attracts great interest. Ionic liquids (ILs) have recently been investigated for melt-spinning of ultrafine PAN fibers. The plasticizing properties of ILs are significantly affected by the structure of ILs and can be influenced by electronegativity, steric effects, <i>etc.</i> Herein, we report a facile strategy to control the elasticity of the PAN/ILs fibers by tuning the anion structure of ILs. Particularly, the ILs containing nitrile-rich groups exhibited enhanced plasticizing effect and nucleating ability on dissolving PAN components, achieving highly stretchable PAN/ILs fibers.
Calcium channels in neurological disease (1997)

Channels involved in the influx and intracellular mobilization of calcium have been implicated as targets of diverse genetic and immune-mediated neurological diseases. These include the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel of skeletal muscle (hypokalemic periodic paralysis), the neuronal P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel (familial hemiplegic migraine, episodic ataxia type 2, spinocerebellar ataxia 6, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome), and the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (malignant hyperthermia and central core disease). The discovery of these and other calcium channelopathies should help to clarify how different mutations affect channel function and how altered channel function produces disease, and may lead to new treatments for these conditions.