gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of macrophage‐, granulocyte‐, granulocyte‐macrophage‐ and multi‐colony‐stimulating factor by peripheral blood cells (1989)

The specific cell sources and signals for induction of various colony-stimulating factors (CSF) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), purified T lymphocyte and monocyte (Mo) populations have been investigated. In the absence of exogenous activating stimuli, human PBMC, T cells and Mo failed to produce stable cytoplasmic mRNA for CSF for macrophages (M-CSF or CSF-1), for granulocytes (G-CSF), for granulocytes and macrophages (GM-CSF) and for multilineage CSF [multi-CSF, interleukin (IL) 3] and thus failed to release CSF proteins. However, after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and phytohemagglutinin, M-, G-, GM- and multi-CSF mRNA became detectable in PBMC, resulting in the secretion of the respective proteins. Identical culture conditions resulted in synthesis of only G- and M-CSF by purified Mo, whereas purified T lymphocytes produced GM-CSF and multi-CSF only. When Mo or T lymphocytes were exposed to recombinant human interferon-gamma or were stimulated by triggering the epitopes recognized by the monoclonal antibodies anti-Tll2 and Tll3, respectively, again disparate CSF expression patterns were found to be associated with both cell species. Moreover, IL2-receptive T lymphocytes showed the same distinct pattern of CSF secretion when activated by recombinant human IL2.
A digital signal processor yields enhanced data/FAX pump (1997)

The recent introduction of powerful special purpose semiconductor digital signal processing (DSP) circuits allows the implementation of complex and high performance communications functions. Specifically, the integration of such DSP circuits provides high speed communications capabilities to workstations and personal computers (PCs) for communication across the public switching telephone network (PSTN). The Motorola DSP56000 and DSP56300 family members of DSP circuits, designed as V.34 Plus data/V.17 fax/voice data pump modems, efficiently implement such functions. A data pump is a self-contained function block implemented with a combination of DSP circuitry and internal memory, that requires an analog front end and an external processor for control, but no additional user software programming is required. The data pump is responsible for the signal modulation and demodulation, coding, low level training, line equalization, echo canceling and the many other layer one (and part of layer two) functions such as those required by the V.34 Plus data modem and V.17 fax standards. By the simple addition of a DSP data/fax/voice pump, workstations and PCs can communicate with data resources such as electronic mail systems, bulletin boards, public data bases, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), corporate data bases, distant local area networks (LANs) and other PCs. Workstations and PCs now not only have the ability to be linked via a high speed V.34 Plus telephone modem but also provide many additional functions such as a telephone dialer, a telephone answering machine, a hands-free speakerphone, and a facsimile machine amongst others. Further, users can implement a direct digital modem (DDM) efficiently connecting an Integrated Services Digital Networks Services (ISDN) terminal adapter (TA) either to a far-end ISDN TA, or an analog modem which normally requires significant and complex circuitry. Similarly, the implementation of a "modem pool" is now implemented in a cost effective manner at ISPs and enterprise central sites. This paper examines and suggests solutions in the employment of advanced DSP circuits to provide cost effective and versatile data/fax pumps platforms for remote access for single users applications,and multichannel data/fax pumps serving enterprise network servers and ISPs applications.
논문 : 제품개발을 위한 바이오닉스 디자인 어프로치에 관한 연구 (2001)

디자인 분야의 교육기관이나 전문회사 등의 실무현장에서 디자인의 제문제를 해결하기 위한 어프로치 방법은 실로 다양하게 발전해오고 있다. 하지만 특정조류나 유행에 편슝한 나머지 스타일링 위주의 작업을 반복해오고 있음은 부인할 수 없는 현실이다.
이러한 시점에서 보다 과학적이고 체계적이며 근거가 확실한 디자인 해결방안과 합리적인 어프로치 모델의 구축이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.
바이오닉스 디자인은 자연생태계의 구조나 원리, 생존방법등을 연구분석하고 생물학적 프로토타입을 추출하여 각 분야의 인위적 시스템, 즉 디자인에 응용하는 것을 말한다.
인간이 이룩한 모든 학문의 원천이자 모태인 자연의 유기적 질서를 관찰하고 응용함으로써 과학적 근거를 갖추고 있는 바이오닉스 디자인은 시대적 필요성과 더불어 디자인계의 올바른 방향을 제시하는 방법론중의 하나가 될 것이다.
A polyketide synthase catalyzes the last condensation step of mycolic acid biosynthesis in mycobacteria and related organisms (2003)

Mycolic acids are major and specific constituents of the cell envelope of Corynebacterineae, a suborder of bacterial species including several important human pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, or Corynebacterium diphtheriae. These long-chain fatty acids are involved in the unusual architecture and impermeability of the cell envelope of these bacteria. The condensase, the enzyme responsible for the final condensation step in mycolic acid biosynthesis, has remained an enigma for decades. By in silico analysis of various mycobacterial genomes, we identified a candidate enzyme, Pks13, that contains the four catalytic domains required for the condensation reaction. Orthologs of this enzyme were found in other Corynebacterineae species. A Corynebacterium glutamicum strain with a deletion in the pks13 gene was shown to be deficient in mycolic acid production whereas it was able to produce the fatty acids precursors. This mutant strain displayed an altered cell envelope structure. We showed that the pks13 gene was essential for the survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis. A conditional M. smegmatis mutant carrying its only copy of pks13 on a thermosensitive plasmid exhibited mycolic acid biosynthesis defect if grown at nonpermissive temperature. These results indicate that Pks13 is the condensase, a promising target for the development of new antimicrobial drugs against Corynebacterineae.
Senbazuru (2013)

Spreadsheets have become a critical data management tool, but they lack explicit relational metadata, making it difficult to join or integrate data across multiple spreadsheets. Because spreadsheet data are widely available on a huge range of topics, a tool that allows easy spreadsheet integration would be hugely beneficial for a variety of users. We demonstrate that Senbazuru, a prototype spreadsheet database management system (SSDBMS), is able to extract relational information from spreadsheets. By doing so, it opens up opportunities for integration among spreadsheets and with other relational sources. Senbazuru allows users to search for relevant spreadsheets in a large corpus, probabilistically constructs a relational version of the data, and offers several relational operations over the resulting extracted data (including joins to other spreadsheet data). Our demonstration is available on two clients: a JavaScript-rich Web site and a touch interface on the iPad. During the demo, Senbazuru will allow VLDB participants to search spreadsheets, extract relational data from them, and apply relational operators such as select and join.
P‐5: Characteristics and Applications of New Wide‐Band Retardation Films (2001)

Abstract We have developed new Wide‐band Retardation Films (WRF) by using molecular design technologies, and started to manufacture them. The single retardation film has reverse wavelength dispersion, which means a smaller retardation value with shorter measuring wavelengths. The characteristics and applications of WRFs are described.
In vitro meristem culture of juvenile and mature Sequoiadendron giganteum (1987)

A total of 7000 meristems were used in experiments to investigate the possibility of cloning Sequoiadendron giganteum Buchholz by in vitro meristem culture of juvenile (2-year-old) and mature (100-year-old) ortets. Cultures were initiated on a low-salt medium containing 0.1 mg l(-1) 1-naphthaleneacetic acid to stimulate meristematic activity. Benzylamino purine (0.01-0.5 mg l(-1)) inhibited meristematic activity, whereas gibberellic acid (0.01-0.5 mg l(-1)) had no effect on meristematic development. The mature ortet showed more specific mineral requirements and a lower capacity for cloning than the juvenile ortet. Rooted plants were obtained only from the juvenile clone. There was a marked seasonal effect on meristematic activity, especially for the mature clone, the most active material being obtained during budbreak.
An Alternative Approach to Modeling Non-Darcy Flow for Pressure Transient Analysis in Porous and Fractured Reservoirs (2011)

Abstract Non-Darcy flow is an important factor affecting productivity of gas and high production rate oil wells and the analysis of pressure-transient well tests in porous media. The motivation for this study to investigate, validate and extend the Barree-Conway model (BCM) for pressure-transient analysis of wells involving hydraulic fractures and naturally fractured reservoirs. Numerical models based on finite control-volume method were developed according to not only the Forchheimer equation and, for the first time in the literature, but also the Barree-Conway model specifically for pressure-transient analysis of single-phase fluid flow in porous and fractured reservoirs. The developed numerical models are capable of simulating all near wellbore effects coupled with the non-Darcy flow behavior in porous and fractured reservoirs. This study shows that the BCM can be applied, similar to the Forchheimer model, to analyzing and interpreting pressure-transient responses of non-Darcy flow in porous and fractured reservoirs. The BCM predicts similar pressure-transient responses of non-Darcy flow as predicted by the Forchheimer model. The parameter of characteristic length among the BCM model parameters is more sensitive than the minimum permeability. The minimum permeability is only sensitive at low values of characteristic length or at extremely high flow rates. Numerical simulation results indicate that the value of characteristic length must be low for significant effect of non-Darcy flow and it is related to small effective radius. The non-Darcy flow parameters of the BCM may not be all estimated from single-rate tests in single-porosity reservoirs using conventional analysis approaches. However, they can be estimated by a fitting process based on non-linear optimization algorithm incorporated into the numerical model. Type curves generated by the BCM are provided to demonstrate a methodology for analyzing the effect of non-Darcy flow on pressure-transient tests in porous and fractured reservoirs. As application examples, numerical models of non-Darcy flow are used to model and interpret actual field pressure-transient data from high production rate oil wells in Kuwait.
An Accurate Algorithm to Quantitatively Identify the Performance Degradation Caused by Linear Crosstalk (2018)

A new algorithm to estimate the signal impairment by linear crosstalk is proposed. Experiments demonstrate the linear relationship between the Q penalty and crosstalk indicator with R2=0.98 under various transmission distances and conditions.
A Twin Study of Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Liability for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (1993)

We studied 4042 Vietnam era veteran monozygotic and dizygotic male twin pairs to determine the effects of heredity, shared environment, and unique environment on the liability for 15 self-reported posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms included in the symptom categories of reexperiencing the trauma, avoidance of stimuli related to the trauma, and increased arousal. Quantitative genetic analysis reveals that inheritance has a substantial influence on liability for all symptoms. Symptoms in the reexperiencing cluster and one symptom in the avoidance and numbing cluster are strongly associated with combat exposure, and monozygotic pairs are more highly concordant for combat exposure than dizygotic pairs. By fitting a bivariate genetic model, we show that there are significant genetic influences on symptom liability, even after adjusting for differences in combat exposure; genetic factors account for 13% to 30% of the variance in liability for symptoms in the reexperiencing cluster, 30% to 34% for symptoms in the avoidance cluster, and 28% to 32% for symptoms in the arousal cluster. There is no evidence that shared environment contributes to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.
High Temperatures during the Grain‐Filling Period Do Not Reduce the Potential Grain Dry Matter Increase of Rice (2004)

High temperatures during the grain‐filling period (GFP) of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) increase the grain dry matter increase rate (GIR), but this increase in GIR is insufficient to completely compensate for the concomitant reduced GFP, and as a result, grain yield decreases. The shortfall in GIR as temperatures increase has been believed to signify a reduction of the potential GIR as a sink capacity. However, we suspect that lack of assimilate supply to the grain, rather than the decreased potential GIR, lowers the GIR and causes reduced grain weight. Our objective was to determine if the grain weight could reach full potential under higher temperature conditions if assimilate supply during the GFP was sufficient to sustain the increased GIR. Rice was grown at three locations in western Japan over 3 yr. At one location, plots were covered with plastic film during the GFP to increase temperature. Spikelet filling percentages (F%) at maturity varied between 70 and 90% when mean temperatures ranged between 23 and 29°C during the GFP. When plots were thinned to half density during GFP, all F% were approximated by a single logistic equation based on accumulated temperature, with a ceiling of 90%. Hence, thinning can overcome the lower F%. These results suggest that potential GIR in rice is not reduced by high temperatures during the GFP. Yield reductions commonly associated with such conditions are likely due to the failure of assimilate supply to the grain to meet the requirements of the accelerated GIR.
Polypeptides of Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) and Immunological Relationship of VZV and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) (1982)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), labelled with [35S]methionine or [14C]glucosamine, was purified by centrifugation through sucrose gradients followed by equilibrium centrifugation in CsCl, and analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). At least 32 polypeptides ranging in mol. wt. from approx. 280 X 10(3) to 21.5 X 10(3) (280K to 21.5K) and six glycopeptides ranging in mol. wt. from approx. 115K to 45K (gp1 to gp6) were found in the virion. The immunological relationship of VZV and herpes simplex virus (HSV) was investigated. In neutralization (NT) tests, no cross-neutralization was observed between VZV and HSV-1 or -2. In fluorescent antibody staining, however, a cross-reaction was observed between VZV- and HSV-1-infected human embryonic lung (HEL) cells and heterologous antiserum. When cross-reactions were investigated by immunoprecipitation followed by SDS-PAGE, several cross-reacting polypeptides were discovered. Cross-reacting glycopeptides of 64K (gp3) and 55K (gp5) were isolated from VZV-infected cell lysates by affinity column chromatography to immobilized HSV-1 antibodies.
Endometriosis risk in relation to naevi, freckles and skin sensitivity to sun exposure: the French E3N cohort (2009)

Background Endometriosis is an important women's health issue, however its aetiology remains unknown. An association between endometriosis and cutaneous melanoma was described, possibly explained through common genetic features. To further investigate this association, we assessed the link between phenotypic traits predisposing to melanoma and the risk of endometriosis.
Behavioral approach with or without surgical intervention to the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: a prospective randomized and non-randomized study (1996)

This article describes the outcome of a behavioral approach with or without preceding surgical intervention in 48 women with the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome. In the first part of the study, 14 women with the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome were randomly assigned to one of two treatment programs: either a behavioral approach or a behavioral approach preceded by surgery. In the second part of the study, 34 women and their partners were given a choice of treatment. Follow-up data were gathered a mean of 3 and 2 1/2 years after treatment, respectively. In the randomized patient population, the intervention had a positive effect on all of them: the complaints disappeared, diminished or did not change but formed less of a problem. The difference in outcome between the two different treatments, a behavioral approach with or without preceding surgery, was not statistically significant. In the second non-randomized part of the study, 28 out of the 34 women (82%) chose the behavioral approach without preceding surgery. The difference in outcome between the two treatments was not statistically significant. Two out of the 28 women who chose behavioral treatment without preceding surgery had to be referred for psychiatric consultation because of serious psycho-sexual problems. In one woman, psychiatric treatment was successful. Three other women, whose behavioral treatment failed, underwent additional surgery, which clearly helped them to overcome the deadlock in the behavioral approach. The behavioral approach should be the first choice of treatment for the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome. Surgical intervention should be considered as an additional form of treatment in some cases with the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome to facilitate breaking the vicious circle of irritation, pelvic floor muscle hypertonia and sexual maladaptive behavior.
Multi-output power supply with series voltage compensation capability for Magnetic Resonance Imaging system (2009)

In Magnetic Resonance Imaging system, the most powerful device is gradient driver, which is also one of the key components to realize fast imaging with high quality. To meet the requirements of high-end MRI products, the power rating of the gradient driver increase from several hundred-kVA to 1 MVA and even higher in the future. Commonly the gradient driver applies full bridge cascade technology and needs a lot isolated DC source with high power capability. To provide solution to this requirement, several technology platforms have been developed. This paper presents one of the most attractive options. In the proposed power supply structure, an AC pre-regulator and a multi-winding transformer are combined together with diode rectifiers to provide multiple isolated DC outputs. The AC pre-regulator compensates the utility voltage variation by injecting voltage to the input line through a series transformer, and that make the multi-winding transformer get a stable input. With this solution, the DC outputs voltage is only determined by the transformer leakage inductance and load current. Compared with high frequency DC-DC conversion methods, this scheme does not need high frequency magnetic devices and capacitors, which are difficult to build and high cost for high power application. The switching devices (IGBTs) in this option can also operate at a much lower frequency (several kHz) to reduce the switching loss, and lower switching frequency also benefit the device selection. Beside that the rectifiers applied at the secondaries of the multi-winding transformer operate at line frequency and that benefits the device selection and cost too. Here in this paper, the control algorithm of the power supply is presented and discussed. Both its self-performance and co-operation with the amplifier are evaluated with Saber simulation. The results indicate the attractiveness of the proposed scheme.
Randomised controlled trial of patient education to encourage graded exercise in chronic fatigue syndrome (2001)

Treatment incorporating evidence based physiological explanations for symptoms was effective in encouraging self managed graded exercise. This resulted in substantial improvement compared with standardised medical care.
Microscale Study of Ash Accumulation Process in DPF Walls Using the Diesel Exhaust Filtration Analysis (DEFA) System (2012)

The Diesel Exhaust Filtration Analysis (DEFA) system, developed at the University of Wisconsin – Madison Engine Research Center (ERC), was used to study diesel particulate filters at the micro scale level. Previous measurements using the system have shown that there is a considerable effect of ash accumulation on the filter permeability evolution. Also the pressure drop and loading history are dependent on the number of times a filter had been filled and regenerated. The current investigation of the ash accumulation process has been done to understand its impact on the filter wall permeability over multiple loadings. Three different PM loading conditions were tested over four consecutive loading/regeneration cycles. The pressure history and particle breakthrough for each subsequent loading and regeneration has been recorded. The measurements examine the ash penetration and accumulation for the different operating conditions and for the different number of loadings and regenerations. The results show that the PM deposition mechanism has a significant impact on the ash accumulation process especially within the filter walls. The ash deposition process appears to have a distinct wall loading stage followed by ash membrane formation.
An efficient Huffman decoding method based on pattern partition and look-up table (1999)

An efficient Huffman decoding method is presented in this paper. This new method first partitions a Huffman tree into subtrees by a set of regular bit-patterns. Then, some look-up tables are used to represent these subtrees. Using this method, a Huffman tree can be represented compactly and the decoding of codewords can be performed quickly by the matching of regular bit-patterns.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv3377c encodes the diterpene cyclase for producing the halimane skeleton (2005)

The cloning and functional expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3377c in Escherichia coli revealed that this gene encodes the diterpene cyclase for producing (+)-5(6),13-halimadiene-15-ol, which accepts geranylgeranyldiphosphate as the intrinsic substrate.
Rich Pinch: Perception of Object Movement with Tactile Illusion (2015)

Vibrotactile feedback is an effective and economical approach for enriching interactive feedback. However, its effects are mostly limited to providing supplementary alarms or conveying the sense of simple object presence or contact. In this paper, we propose a novel tactile feedback method, called Rich Pinch, based on the "out of body" tactile illusion for selecting and manipulating a virtual object using a two-finger pinch gesture. Rich Pinch uses vibration motors attached only to the two fingertips, but can induce illusory feedback, such as tactile touch/contact and directional movement, as felt from the space between the fingers. We first experimentally verify that the "out of body" illusion technique does in fact exist when applied between the fingertips. Then, we compare three different tactile rendering functions to illustrate different resulting perceptual scales and argue to use the tangent-based interpolation in its actual application for a better user performance and experience due to its near-linear perceptual response. Finally, we assess the user experience (focusing on the perception of the object movement of the selected object) of the proposed pinch method by comparing it to the conventional contact-based method. Our results indicate that, with Rich Pinch, users were able to perceive rich dynamic feedback, and clearly preferred it over the conventional method.