gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of ethylenediamine-N,N,N'-triacetic acid and its cobalt(III) complexes (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of ethylenediamine-N,N,N'-triacetic acid and its cobalt(III) complexesGary L. Blackmer and Randall E. HammCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 9, 2400–2401Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01037a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01037a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Burn-in temperature projections for deep sub-micron technologies (2004)

Burn-in faces significant challenges in recent CMOS technologies. The self-generated heat of each IC in a burn-in environment contributes to larger currents that can lead to further increase in junction temperatures, possible thermal run away, and yield-loss of good parts. Calculations show that the junction temperature is increasing by 1.45X/generation. This paper estimates the increase in junction temperature with scaling and discusses the optimal burn-in temperature with scaling. Our research indicates that the burn-in temperature must also be reduced with technology scaling. The impact on commercial burn-in ovens is also described.
Determination of 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid and Folic Acid in Citrus Juices Using Stable Isotope Dilution−Mass Spectrometry (2003)

A stable isotope liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed for the quantitative determination of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHFA) and folic acid in a variety of commercial citrus juices. Folates were extracted from juices, and the polyglutamyl side chain of 5-MTHFA was cleaved to the monoglutamate form using rat plasma conjugase. The folates were purified on a Bond-Elut column and analyzed by LC-MS with electrospray ionization. The analytes were quantified using the (13)C(5) analogues of 5-MTHFA and folic acid as internal standards. The relative standard error of the method was 3.35% based on replicate analyses (n = 4). This method was then applied to the determination of 5-MTHFA and folic acid in a variety of citrus juices obtained from local supermarkets. It was observed that although both "store" brands and "national" brands of fresh (nonfrozen) juices contained similar concentrations of 5-MTHFA, the "store" brands of fresh juices had on average >5-fold the amount of folic acid compared to the "national" brands. In addition, the "total" folate concentrations were generally below values listed on the food label.
Pathogenesis of Senecavirus A infection in finishing pigs (2016)

Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus that has been associated with vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine. Many aspects of SVA infection biology and pathogenesis, however, remain unknown. Here the pathogenesis of SVA was investigated in finishing pigs. Animals were inoculated via the oronasal route with SVA strain SD15-26 and monitored for clinical signs and lesions associated with SVA infection. Viraemia was assessed in serum and virus shedding monitored in oral and nasal secretions and faeces by real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and/or virus isolation. Additionally, viral load and tissue distribution were assessed during acute infection and following convalescence from disease. Clinical signs characterized by lethargy and lameness were first observed on day 4 post-inoculation (pi) and persisted for approximately 2-10 days. Vesicular lesions were first observed on day 4 pi on the snout and/or feet, affecting the coronary bands, dewclaws, interdigital space and heel/sole of SVA-infected animals. A short-term viraemia was observed between days 3 and 10 pi, whereas virus shedding was detected between days 1 and 28 pi in oral and nasal secretions and faeces. Notably, RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) performed on tissues collected on day 38 pi revealed the presence of SVA RNA in the tonsils of all SVA-infected animals. Serological responses to SVA were characterized by early neutralizing antibody responses (day 5 pi), which coincided with decreased levels of viraemia, virus shedding and viral load in tissues. This study provides significant insights into the pathogenesis and infectious dynamics of SVA in swine.
A heuristic approach based on the state equations of Petri nets for FMS scheduling (2002)

The paper proposes a heuristic method based on the state equations of Petri nets for flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) scheduling. We formulate the FMS scheduling problem as a transition firing sequence of a timed Petri net, and then generate a partial reachability graph of the net. The net is searched for the goal state, using the solutions, which are firing count vectors, of the state equation to predict the total cost from the initial state through the current state to the goal. The solutions may contain spurious solutions because a firing count loses sequence information. However the optimal solution which is the smallest makespan is always contained in them. If we eliminate the effect of spurious solutions as much as possible, this method can obtain a good near-optimal schedule. Since this heuristic approach exploits the linear characterization of the state equations, we can not only efficiently obtain a good near-optimal solution, but also evaluate the performance of the schedules. On the other hand, memory requirement is an important issue for a scheduling algorithm. If a scheduling algorithm needs a lot of memory, and even if we are able to get optimal solutions, the algorithm is still impractical for large problems. Thus, searching less states in the scheduling procedure corresponds to improving the scheduling efficiency. Therefore, the scheduling algorithm proposed in the paper contains an step to reduce the search space.
1990 Overview of GDM: Accomplishments of the Last Decade—Challenges for the Future (1991)

The First International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) was held in the fall of 1979 on the campus of Northwestern University Medical School. The purpose of that event was to examine the impact of mild disturbances of maternal metabolism on fetal development. The conference sought to “establish how such disturbances can be detected most effectively; whether all pregnant subjects should be examined for them; and whether positive identification justifies therapeutic attempts at rectification” (1). In his opening remarks, Norbert Freinkel (1) anticipated some of the issues that are of greatest importance more than a decade later. In particular, he stressed the public-health implications that would follow national and worldwide detection of GDM. Five years later, the Second International Workshop-Conference on GDM provided an opportunity for reappraisal of many of the same issues. The proceedings of each conference concluded with summary statements drafted by the participants (2,3). Both included the recommendation that all women (not known to have diabetes) should be screened for glucose intolerance during pregnancy by measurement of plasma glucose after an oral glucose challenge. The recommendations from the second conference formed the basis of a position statement on GDM that was adopted by the board of directors of the American Diabetes Association (4).
A Binomial Heap Algorithm for Self-Recognition in Exclusive Management on Autonomic Grid Networks (2010)

Self-managing, meaning that it is selfprotecting,self-configuring, self-healing and self-optimizing inAutonomic Grid Networks need to be use of self-control butsometimes this node can't self-managing then other top of thisnode can be managing this node on the grid, therefore othernodes in the grid networks need to be have a method tomanaging other nodes, in this paper we introduce a selfrecognitionalgorithm for grid network and try this algorithmto have exclusive management control on autonomic gridnetworks. This algorithm base on Binomial Heap to allocateand recognition any node in the grid and next, any node in thegrid can have exclusive management for self-managing andother node managing or exclusive managing.
Autodoping Effects in Silicon Epitaxy (1980)

This paper reviews some of the recent autodoping developments which have contributed to a quantitative understanding of this phenomenon. Special emphasis is placed on buried layer studies that are pertinent to the fabrication of integrated circuits. The paper also presents new data concerning the origin of autodoping, flow effects, autodoping differences between silane and depositions, and the effect of vapor etch on autodoping. An attempt is made to provide a theoretical framework within which these and other effects can be interpreted.
Adrenergic blocking and sympathomimetic effects of a series of halogenated phenyl-beta-haloethylamines. (1968)

The alpha adrenergic blocking activity of a series of hahogenated phenyl-β-hahoethylamines has been investigated. ED5O values for several compounds were less than 1µg/kg in dogs. The relationship between potency and halogen position on the ring was para meta ortho. Of the para halogenated series, the dimethylanalog showed the greatest potency. N ,N-dimethyl-β-( m -chhorophenyl)-β-chloroethiylamine HC1 (S.1l-202) was investigated in depth. Alpha receptor blockade was the predominant action, appearing promptly and continuing longer than 5 hr. Sympathomimetic effects and respiratory stimulation were observed after rapid iv. injection of S.11-202. These initial sympathomimetic effects included increased systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures, increased heart rate, hyperglycemia and increased concentration of plasma free fatty acids. Repeating the rapid i.v. injection elicited a depressor response, as did epinephrine. On isolated rabbit atria crosstachyphylaxis was demonstrated between the positive churonotropic effects of tyramine and S.11-202. Multiple mechanisms which contribute to the sympathomimetic activity include: 1) stimulation of the autonomic nervous system at the ganglia or above, 2) direct effect of S.11-202 upon the adrenal medulla to release catecholamines and 3) to a lesser extent release of peripheral stores of catecholamines in a manner similar to that caused by tyramine.
Synthesis and characterization of thermoresponsive amphiphilic block copolymers incorporating a poly(ethylene oxide‐<i>stat</i>‐propylene oxide) block (2005)

Abstract Amphiphilic BuO‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐ block ‐PLA‐OH diblock and MeO‐PEO‐ block ‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐ block ‐PLA‐OH triblock copolymers incorporating thermoresponsive poly(ethylene oxide‐ stat ‐propylene oxide) (PEO‐ stat ‐PPO) blocks were prepared by ring‐opening polymerization of lactide (LA) initiated by macroinitiators formed from treating BuO‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐OH and MeO‐PEO‐ block ‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐OH with AlEt 3 . MeO‐PEO‐ block ‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐OH was prepared by coupling MeO‐PEO‐OH and HO‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐OH, followed by chromatographic purification. The cloud points of 0.2% aqueous solutions are between 36 and 46 °C for the diblock copolymers that contain a 50 wt % EO thermoresponsive block and 78 °C for the triblock copolymer that contains a 75 wt % EO thermoresponsive block. Variable temperature 1 H NMR spectra recorded on D 2 O solutions of the diblock copolymers display no PLA resonances below the cloud point and fairly sharp PLA resonances above the cloud point, suggesting that desolvation of the thermoresponsive block increases the miscibility of the two blocks. Preliminary characterization of the micelles formed in aqueous solutions of BuO‐(PEO‐ stat ‐PPO)‐ block ‐PLA‐OH conducted using laser scanning confocal microscopy and pulsed gradient spin echo NMR point to significant changes in the size of the micellar aggregates as a function of temperature. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5156–5167, 2005
Synthesis of spoken messages from semantic representations (1986)

A semantic-representation-to-speech system communicates orally the information given in a semantic representation. Such a system must Integrate a text generation module, a phonetic conversion module, a prosodic module and a speech synthesizer. We will see how the syntactic information elaborated by the text generation module is used for both phonetic conversion and prosody, so as to produce the data that must be supplied to the speech synthesizer, namely a phonetic chain including prosodic information.
Rendering Pearlescent Appearance Based On Paint-Composition Modelling (2001)

We describe a new approach to modelling pearlescent paints based on decomposing paint layers into stacks of imaginary thin sublayers. The sublayers are chosen so thin that multiple scattering can be considered across different sublayers, while it can be neglected within each of the sublayers. Based on this assumption, an efficient recursive procedure of assembling the layers is developed, which enables to compute the paint BRDF at interactive speeds. Since the proposed paint model connects fundamental optical properties of multi-layer pearlescent and metallic paints with their microscopic structure, interactive prediction of the paint appearance based on its composition becomes possible.
Multilingual spoken language processing (2008)

In the past decade, the performance of spoken language understanding systems has improved dramatically, including speech recognition, dialog systems, speech summarization, and text and speech translation. This has resulted in an increasingly widespread use of speech and language technologies in a wide variety of applications. With more than 6,900 languages in the world and the current trend of globalization, one of the most important challenges in spoken language technologies today is the need to support multiple input and output languages, especially if applications are intended for international markets, linguistically diverse user communities, and nonnative speakers. In many cases these applications have to support even multiple languages simultaneously to meet the needs of a multicultural society. Consequently, new algorithms and tools are required that support the simultaneous recognition of mixed-language input, the summarization of multilingual text and spoken documents, the generation of output in the appropriate language, or the accurate translation from one language to another. This article surveys significant ongoing research programs as well as trends, prognoses, and open research issues with a special emphasis on multilingual speech processing as described in detail in the work of Schultz and Hirschberg (2006) and multilingual language processing as presented in the work of Fung (2006).
Solid state quantum memory using the 31P nuclear spin (2008)

The transfer of information between different physical forms is a central theme in communication and computation, for example between processing entities and memory. Nowhere is this more crucial than in quantum computation, where great effort must be taken to protect the integrity of a fragile quantum bit. Nuclear spins are known to benefit from long coherence times compared to electron spins, but are slow to manipulate and suffer from weak thermal polarisation. A powerful model for quantum computation is thus one in which electron spins are used for processing and readout while nuclear spins are used for storage. Here we demonstrate the coherent transfer of a superposition state in an electron spin 'processing' qubit to a nuclear spin 'memory' qubit, using a combination of microwave and radiofrequency pulses applied to 31P donors in an isotopically pure 28Si crystal. The electron spin state can be stored in the nuclear spin on a timescale that is long compared with the electron decoherence time and then coherently transferred back to the electron spin, thus demonstrating the 31P nuclear spin as a solid-state quantum memory. The overall store/readout fidelity is about 90%, attributed to systematic imperfections in radiofrequency pulses which can be improved through the use of composite pulses. We apply dynamic decoupling to protect the nuclear spin quantum memory element from sources of decoherence. The coherence lifetime of the quantum memory element is found to exceed one second at 5.5K.
Further Experiments with Impediography: A New Ultrasonic Technique with Biomedical Implications (1973)

A new technique suitable for medical diagnoses and nondestructive testing was recently introduced [Papers NN7 and NN8, 83rd Meeting, Acoust. Soc. Amer.]. Termed impediography, this method employs time-domain deconvolution of appropriately shaped acoustic impulses and their echoes to produce a temporal waveform that can be related to physical parameters such as impedance. Thus, impediography allows us to measure accurately the specific acoustic impedance at an arbitrary position within a test object. In preliminary experiments using a spark source to illuminate the test object, analysis of the reflected signal gave the impedance as a function of the acoustic travel time. This acoustic “picture” is termed an impedogram. In this paper, two particular experiments will be discussed in detail. In the first, impedograms of a soft rubber test object were obtained under various degrees of tension. Changes in impedance were clearly observed as the sample was stretched. I n a second experiment, a two-dimensional impedogram was obtained of a rabbit's hind limb. This impedance profile showed excellent correlation with the actual biological structure: bone, bone marrow, skin, and even fascia were clearly distinguished.
Effect of single and compound knockouts of estrogen receptors α (ERα) and β (ERβ) on mouse reproductive phenotypes (2000)

The functions of estrogen receptors (ERs) in mouse ovary and genital tracts were investigated by generating null mutants for ERalpha (ERalphaKO), ERbeta (ERbetaKO) and both ERs (ERalphabetaKO). All ERalphaKO females are sterile, whereas ERbetaKO females are either infertile or exhibit variable degrees of subfertility. Mast cells present in adult ERalphaKO and ERalphabetaKO ovaries could participate in the generation of hemorrhagic cysts. Folliculogenesis proceeds normally up to the large antral stage in both ERalphaKO and ERbetaKO adults, whereas large antral follicles of ERalpha+/-ERbetaKO and ERalphabetaKO adults are markedly deficient in granulosa cells. Similarly, prematurely developed follicles found in prepubertal ERalphaKO ovaries appear normal, but their ERalphabetaKO counterparts display only few granulosa cell layers. Upon superovulation treatment, all prepubertal ERalphaKO females form numerous preovulatory follicles of which the vast majority do not ovulate. The same treatment fails to elicit the formation of preovulatory follicles in half of the ERbetaKO mice and in all ERalpha+/-/ERbetaKO mice. These and other results reveal a functional redundancy between ERalpha and ERbeta for ovarian folliculogenesis, and strongly suggest that (1) ERbeta plays an important role in mediating the stimulatory effects of estrogens on granulosa cell proliferation, (2) ERalpha is not required for follicle growth under wild type conditions, while it is indispensable for ovulation, and (3) ERalpha is also necessary for interstitial glandular cell development. Our data also indicate that ERbeta exerts some function in ERalphaKO uterus and vagina. ERalphabetaKO granulosa cells localized within degenerating follicles transform into cells displaying junctions that are unique to testicular Sertoli cells. From the distribution pattern of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in ERalphabetaKO ovaries, it is unlikely that an elevated AMH level is the cause of Sertoli cell differentiation. Our results also show that cell proliferation in the prostate and urinary bladder of old ERbetaKO and ERalphabetaKO males is apparently normal.
On Partitioning Program Graphs (1977)

In recent years, applications of graph theory to computer software have given fruitful results and attracted more and more attention. A program graph is a graph structural model of a program exhibiting the flow relation or connection among the elements (statements) in the program.
Brief Report: Plasma Concentrations of Hemopexin, Haptoglobin and Heme in Patients with Various Hemolytic Diseases (1968)

Abstract Plasma concentrations of hemopexin, haptoglobin and heme were determined in patients with various hemolytic diseases. Diminished concentrations of hemopexin were found only when the concentrations of haptoglobin were decreased; the former were not in all instances lowered to the same extent as the haptoglobin levels. Invariably, high concentrations of heme were associated with low concentrations of hemopexin.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (<i>E</i>)-Alkylidenesucdnates by Palladium-catalyzed Carbonylation (1985)

Abstract (E)-Alkylidenesuccinates have been prepared stereoselectively starting with acrylates by a three-step procedure involving a palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of allylic carbonates.
Vers une militarisation de la politique étrangère allemande depuis 1990 ? (1998)

Depuis l’unification, une nouvelle réflexion s’est amorcée en Allemagne sur le rôle de la force militaire dans la poursuite des objectifs de la politique étrangère. Devant les attentes de ses partenaires et les crises survenues depuis 1990, Bonn a dû modifier en profondeur sa traditionnelle culture de la retenue en envoyant des troupes hors du territoire de l’OTAN au sein de missions de maintien de la paix. Ces développements ont soulevé de nombreux débats qui ont abouti aujourd’hui à un relatif consensus au niveau des questions de sécurité. Cet article analyse les principales étapes de cette évolution et tente de dégager les déterminants de l’adaptation de l’Allemagne aux contingences du système international de l’après-guerre froide.
<i>In Vivo</i> Expression of β-Galactosidase in Hippocampal Neurons by HSV-Mediated Gene Transfer (1992)

Stereotactic inoculation of a herpes simplex virus (HSV) gene transfer vector into the hippocampus and caudate of rat brain resulted in limited and transient viral replication and the establishment of latency. Virus attenuation was achieved by insertional inactivation of a viral gene, Us3. Insertion of a lacZ reporter gene, under the control of the HSV glycoprotein C (gC) late gene promoter, allowed viral replication to be monitored in vivo. Unlike unattenuated virus, the Us3::pgC-lacZ recombinant caused little apparent damage to normal hippocampal morphology. Transient lacZ expression was detected in a considerable population of neurons of the dentate gyrus following hippocampal injection, whereas few positively staining neurons were present within the caudate after injection at that site. Latency-associated transcripts, the hallmark of latent infection, were detected in the brain 10 months after injection. This recombinant virus may be useful as a gene transfer vector for long-term expression of foreign genes in the central nervous system.
An estimation method of the channel temperature of power MOS devices (2002)

A method is presented to characterize the IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) from a power module to obtain an internal temperature estimation. A prototype is described. The technique is compatible with operating PWM-based converters.