gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyperthermia induces resistance to ultraviolet light B in primary and immortalized epidermal keratinocytes. (1993)

Environmental exposure to UVB (290-320 nm) wavelengths of the solar spectrum causes major damage, including carcinogenesis, in the skin. Therefore, cellular responses that protect against UVB damage are of particular interest in cutaneous epithelial cells. In cultured keratinocytes, mild hyperthermia generates a classical stress response with acquired thermotolerance and elevated stress protein synthesis (E. V. Maytin, J. Biol. Chem., 267: 23189-23196, 1992). To test the ability of this stress response to protect against UVB damage, monolayers of primary murine keratinocytes or BALB/MK keratinocytes were heated at 42 degrees C for 1 h and then exposed to UVB at 6 h (typical dose, 40 mJ/cm2). Survival was assessed by fluorescein diacetate/ethidium bromide vital dye uptake and video microscopy. With heat-conditioning prior to UVB, a significant increase in both the percentage viability (2- to 3-fold) and in the absolute number of living (fluorescein diacetate-positive) cells was measurable at 24-48 h. Steady-state incorporation into [3H]DNA and 35S-protein, while suppressed immediately after UVB, showed greater recovery in heat-conditioned cultures compared to sham-conditioned cultures at 48 h. Increased metabolic activity was accompanied by increased proliferative potential since colonies of BALB/MK cells observed at 72 h were larger, more numerous, and more active in the uptake of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in heat-conditioned cultures. A time course for the development of UVB resistance showed maximal protection when heat and UVB were spaced approximately 6 h apart. Hyperthermic conditioning could induce UVB protection in nonproliferating cells, indicating that cell cycle arrest was not primarily responsible for the UVB-protective effect. In summary, hyperthermia induces a mechanism in epithelial cells which can ameliorate damage from UVB.
Src Homology 2–Containing Inositol 5′-Phosphatase 1 Negatively Regulates IFN-γ Production by Natural Killer Cells Stimulated with Antibody-Coated Tumor Cells and Interleukin-12 (2005)

We have previously shown that natural killer (NK) cells secrete a distinct profile of immunomodulatory cytokines in response to dual stimulation with antibody-coated tumor cells and interleukin-12 (IL-12). This NK cell cytokine response is dependent on synergistic signals mediated by the activating receptor for the Fc portion of IgG (FcgammaRIIIa) and the IL-12 receptor (IL-12R), both constitutively expressed on NK cells. The phosphatase Src homology 2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) is known to exert inhibitory effects on Fc receptor (FcR) signaling via its enzymatic activity on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) products within many cells of the immune system, most notably mast cells, B cells, and monocytes. However, its activity in the context of FcR activation on NK cells has not been fully explored. The current study focused on the regulation of FcgammaRIIIa-induced NK cell cytokine production by SHIP1. Inhibitor studies showed that NK cell IFN-gamma production following FcR stimulation in the presence of IL-12 depended, in part, on the downstream products of PI3-K. Overexpression of wild-type (WT) SHIP1, but not a catalytic-deficient mutant, via retroviral transfection of primary human NK cells, resulted in a >70% reduction of NK cell IFN-gamma production in response to costimulation. In addition, NK cells from SHIP1-/- mice produced 10-fold greater amounts of IFN-gamma following culture with antibody-coated tumor cells plus IL-12 compared with NK cells from WT mice. Further, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family member extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk; a downstream target of PI3-K) was significantly enhanced within SHIP1-/- NK cells compared with WT NK cells following costimulation. Pharmacologic inhibition of Erk activity, but not Jnk MAPK activity, led to significantly decreased IFN-gamma production from both SHIP1-/- and WT NK cells under these conditions. These results are the first to show a physiologic role for SHIP1 in the regulation of NK cell cytokine production and implicate PI3-K in the induction of MAPK signal transduction following costimulation of NK cells via the FcR and the IL-12R.
Micellar control of organic reactions: propellane substrates as stereochemical probes for micellar binding (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicellar control of organic reactions: propellane substrates as stereochemical probes for micellar bindingAnand Natrajan, Joseph D. Ferrara, Wiley J. Youngs, and Chaim N. SukenikCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 24, 7477–7483Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00258a037RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views406Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (990 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Simulation of Si nanowire quantum-dot devices for authentication (2019)

This paper shows quantum mechanical simulations of quantum-dots (QDs) embedded within Si nanowires. To capture the effect of statistical sources of variability, we simulated 60 wires with differing numbers and positions of dopants, not only in the quantum dot but also at the source and the drain regions also. Our work shows that the specific number of dopants and their positions give rise to unique current-voltage characteristics, providing unique signatures for use as the basis of physical unclonable functions (PUFs). Adoption of hardware security devices for authentication is on the rise; the technology proposed here delivers a practical means to extract fingerprints from quantum confined systems that could provide robust security to silicon electronics.
A simple area preservation correction to Stokes flows with moving interfaces (2008)

A simple area preserving correction scheme is proposed for incompressible Stokes flows with moving interfaces when the interface is represented by a Lagrangian formulation. The idea is to perturb the normal velocity component so that the area remains a constant. The proposed approach is coupled with the immersed interface method for Stokes equations with the surface tension. A numerical example is also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the method.
Efficacy of dronabinol alone and in combination with ondansetron versus ondansetron alone for delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (2007)

Dronabinol or ondansetron was similarly effective for the treatment of CINV. Combination therapy with dronabinol and ondansetron was not more effective than either agent alone. Active treatments were well tolerated.
Nonlinear stabilizing control of multimachine systems (1989)

A novel approach is presented to nonlinear control design for multimachine systems using differential geometric theory. A mathematical model in the form of an affine nonlinear system is set up for the design of a large-scale power system. As an example, the approach is applied to nonlinear steam-valving control. The control law obtained is implemented by purely local feedback. The stability of a global multimachine system with the nonlinear control is illustrated by the results of simulation on a six-machine system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
TET2 mutation is an independent favorable prognostic factor in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) (2009)

Oncogenic pathways underlying in the development of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remain poorly characterized, but mutations of the ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) gene are frequently observed. In the present work, we evaluated the prognostic impact of TET2 mutations in MDS. Frameshift, nonsense, missense mutations, or defects in gene structure were identified in 22 (22.9%) of 96 patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.5-31.3 patients). Mutated and unmutated patients did not significantly differ in initial clinical or hematologic parameters. The 5-year OS was 76.9% (95% CI, 49.2%-91.3%) in mutated versus 18.3% (95% CI, 4.2%-41.1%) in unmutated patients (P = .005). The 3-year leukemia-free survival was 89.3% (95% CI, 63.1%-97.0%) in mutated versus 63.7% (95% CI, 48.2%-75.4%) in unmutated patients (P = .035). In univariate analysis (Cox proportional hazard model), the absence of TET2 mutation was associated with a 4.1-fold (95% CI, 1.4-12.0-fold) increased risk of death (P = .009). In multivariate analysis adjusted for age, International Prognostic Scoring System, and transfusion requirement, the presence of TET2 mutation remained an independent factor of favorable prognosis (hazard ratio, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.6-16.3; P = .005). These results indicate that TET2 mutations observed in approximately 20% of patients, irrespective of the World Health Organization or French-American-British subtype, represent a molecular marker for good prognosis in MDS.
International (1982)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTInternationalJapan proposes reducing its ethylene capacityTo make its petrochemical industry more competitive, Japanese ministry wants to establish joint management of reduced ethylene capacityEARL ANDERSONView Author Information New YorkCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1982, 60, 25, 20Publication Date (Print):June 21, 1982Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 21 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v060n025.p020https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v060n025.p020newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1982 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Petrochemical industry Get e-Alerts
Neurophysiological Studies of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations (2012)

We discuss 3 neurophysiological approaches to study auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). First, we describe "state" (or symptom capture) studies where periods with and without hallucinations are compared "within" a patient. These studies take 2 forms: passive studies, where brain activity during these states is compared, and probe studies, where brain responses to sounds during these states are compared. EEG (electroencephalography) and MEG (magnetoencephalography) data point to frontal and temporal lobe activity, the latter resulting in competition with external sounds for auditory resources. Second, we discuss "trait" studies where EEG and MEG responses to sounds are recorded from patients who hallucinate and those who do not. They suggest a tendency to hallucinate is associated with competition for auditory processing resources. Third, we discuss studies addressing possible mechanisms of AVH, including spontaneous neural activity, abnormal self-monitoring, and dysfunctional interregional communication. While most studies show differences in EEG and MEG responses between patients and controls, far fewer show symptom relationships. We conclude that efforts to understand the pathophysiology of AVH using EEG and MEG have been hindered by poor anatomical resolution of the EEG and MEG measures, poor assessment of symptoms, poor understanding of the phenomenon, poor models of the phenomenon, decoupling of the symptoms from the neurophysiology due to medications and comorbidites, and the possibility that the schizophrenia diagnosis breeds truer than the symptoms it comprises. These problems are common to studies of other psychiatric symptoms and should be considered when attempting to understand the basic neural mechanisms responsible for them.
Engineering Genetic Logic Gates (2012)

Programming living cells with synthetic gene circuits to perform desired tasks has been a major theme in the growing field of synthetic biology. However, gene circuit engineering currently lacks the same predictability and reliability as seen in other mature engineering disciplines. This book introduces the design methodology for engineering novel modular and orthogonal genetic logic devices, and the predictable functional assembly of modular biological components into customisable biological circuits. Various genetic logic devices, including AND, NOT and NAND gates, were constructed in Escherichia coli bacteria to achieve customised cellular computing and sensing. An effective parts-based engineering approach is presented for assembling individual biological parts into functional circuits using engineered ‘in-context’ characterised modules aided by modelling. The book is a pioneering work in the field, and should be useful for engineers who would like to engineer synthetic biological systems for human desired purposes and for biologists who are interested in the design principles of natural biological circuits.
Gene targeting of a CFTR allele in HT29 human epithelial cells (1997)

HT29 cells endogenously express the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and have been used previously as a model to examine cellular regulation of CFTR expression and chloride secretory function. Homologous recombination has been used to specifically disrupt CFTR transcription in the HT29-18-C1 subclone. Experiments demonstrate successful disruption of a CFTR allele by DNA constructs, which target insertion of the neomycin phosphotransferase gene into CFTR exon 1 via homologous recombination. The mutation of one allele is a partial knockout because this cell line has multiple CFTR alleles. The mutation is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genomic Southern blot analysis. A 52-68% reduction in CFTR mRNA levels is observed in the mutant cell line by both Northern and PCR analysis. However, Western blots show no decrease in total CFTR protein levels. Consistent with the lack of reduction in CFTR protein, the partial knockout mutant does not demonstrate alterations in cyclic AMP or calcium stimulation of chloride efflux or net osmolyte loss. Results suggest that posttranscriptional regulation of CFTR levels may contribute to maintenance of cellular chloride transport function.
Ultrasmall Liquid Droplets on Solid Surfaces: Production, Imaging, and Relevance for Current Wetting Research (2009)

The investigation of micro- and nanoscale droplets on solid surfaces offers a wide range of research opportunities both at a fundamental and an applied level. On the fundamental side, advances in the techniques for production and imaging of such ultrasmall droplets will allow wetting theories to be tested down to the nanometer scale, where they predict the significant influence of phenomena such as the contact line tension or evaporation, which can be neglected in the case of macroscopic droplets. On the applied side, these advances will pave the way for characterizing a diverse set of industrially important materials such as textile or biomedical micro- and nanofibers, powdered solids, and topographically or chemically nanopatterned surfaces, as well as micro-and nanoscale devices, with relevance in diverse industries from biomedical to petroleum engineering. Here, the basic principles of wetting at the micro- and nanoscales are presented, and the essential characteristics of the main experimental techniques available for producing and imaging these droplets are described. In addition, the main fundamental and applied results are reviewed. The most problematic aspects of studying such ultrasmall droplets, and the developments that are in progress that are thought to circumvent them in the coming years, are highlighted.
A Simple and Effective GPS Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring and Fault Isolation Approach (2012)

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) for Global Positioning System (GPS) is required for safety and liability critical applications such as aircraft no precision approach, river and harbour navigation real-time or kinematic surveying, etc. A simple and effective approach for RAIM is given for fault detect and isolation on GPS receiver. The method is based on the pseudorange residual data of GPS receiver. The pseudorange residual data for each satellite in the navigation solution is used to compute the sum of squares residuals as decision variables. In order to decide whether or not the corresponding navigation measurement will exist fault, the value is compared to the thresholds that have been set to satisfy the integrity requirements. If any time five measurements are available, a fault can be detected quickly by testing to see if it exceeds the thresholds. When six or more satellites are available, a single measurement fault can be isolated. The validation and analysis based on the real GPS data show that the method is feasible and practical. And it is convenient to be embedded in the GPS receiver for fault detect and isolation.
Electrochemical Water Oxidation with Cobalt-Based Electrocatalysts from pH 0–14: The Thermodynamic Basis for Catalyst Structure, Stability, and Activity (2011)

Building upon recent study of cobalt-oxide electrocatalysts in fluoride-buffered electrolyte at pH 3.4, we have undertaken a mechanistic investigation of cobalt-catalyzed water oxidation in aqueous buffering electrolytes from pH 0-14. This work includes electrokinetic studies, cyclic voltammetric analysis, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic studies. The results illuminate a set of interrelated mechanisms for electrochemical water oxidation in alkaline, neutral, and acidic media with electrodeposited Co-oxide catalyst films (CoO(x)(cf)s) as well as for a homogeneous Co-catalyzed electrochemical water oxidation reaction. Analysis of the pH dependence of quasi-reversible features in cyclic voltammograms of the CoO(x)(cf)s provides the basis for a Pourbaix diagram that closely resembles a Pourbaix diagram derived from thermodynamic free energies of formation for a family of Co-based layered materials. Below pH 3, a shift from heterogeneous catalysis producing O(2) to homogeneous catalysis yielding H(2)O(2) is observed. Collectively, the results reported here provide a foundation for understanding the structure, stability, and catalytic activity of aqueous cobalt electrocatalysts for water oxidation.
Moving bed biofilm reactors and chemical precipitation for high efficiency treatment of wastewater from small communities (1997)

A new Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) has been developed, where the biomass is attached to small plastic elements that move freely along with the water in the reactors. Several small biological/chemical wastewater treatment plants are now using the MBBR process. Official control samples have shown that these plants are very reliable. The average effluent concentrations from the plants surveyed, three retrofits and two originally designed with the MBBR process, were as low as 11 mg BOD7/l (∼9 mg BOD5/l), 11 mg SS/l and 0.26 mg total P/l. Approximately 2 man hours per week were needed for operation of a plant originally designed with the MBBR process.
Motion map (2004)

Recent proliferation of motion capture systems enables motion data to be saved as an archive system, and the data are usually extracted by selecting an appropriate file by its name or annotation explaining the content of motions. Such semantic-based retrieval, however, is not suited to unstructured files that include many types of elemental motions, due to the difficulty in giving comprehensible annotations. Moreover, expected motion clips are often included as a part of entire sequences, and the data therefore should be manually clipped using some authoring tools.
Intrinsic speckle noise in in-line particle holography (1993)

In-line holography of particle fields suffers from image deterioration caused by intrinsic speckle noise. This is not accounted for by previous theoretical treatments based on the scattering of a single particle, nor has there been any quantitative description of this noise except for an empirical criterion by Royer [ Nouv. Rev. Opt.5, 87 ( 1974)] based on geometrical obscuration. We develop a theoretical model for in-line holography of multiple particles, using diffraction theory and statistical analysis, and show that the virtual image of the particle ensemble is the dominant source of speckle in reconstruction. We quantify the effect of speckle with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The SNR is found to depend on a speckle parameter (which embodies particle diameter, concentration, and sample depth) and on the film gamma. Experimental results show reasonably good agreement with our model. The SNR equation provides prediction of image quality and thence application limits of in-line holography for particle fields. The fundamental understanding obtained here points not only to constraints but also to possible improvements in experimental procedures.