gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anomaly Detection of Roads from Driving Data Using a Statistical Discrepancy Measure (2018)

Anomalies in roads such as obstacles and accidents often cause fatal accidents and should be detected as soon as possible. We formulated the problem of detecting obstacles from driving behaviors as a change-point detection, not an anomaly detection problem, because driving behaviors are too distributed to make a `standard driving' model. To model the distribution of driving states at each location at each time, we employed a nonparametric method due to a wide variety of the distribution and applied a change-point detection method called the maximum mean discrepancy to our synthetic data made using a traffic simulator. As a result, we successfully detected the existence of obstacles with high accuracy.
Speech-to-text translation by a non-word lexical unit based system (2003)

Speech understanding applications where a word based output of the uttered sentence is not needed, can benefit from the use of alternative lexical units. Experimental results from these systems show that the use of non-word lexical units bring us a new degree of freedom in order to improve the system performance (better recognition rate and lower size can be obtained in comparison to word based models). However, if the aim of the system is a speech-to-text translation, a post-processing stage must be included in order to convert the non-word sequences into word sentences. In this paper a technique to perform this conversion as well as an experimental test carried out over a task oriented Spanish corpus are reported. As a conclusion, we see that the whole speech-to-text system neatly outperforms the word-constrained baseline system.
Semantic Extension for Automation Objects (2006)

Markets nowadays demand new products with more functionality at lowest prices and in shortest times. In order to face these requirements companies should include continuous changeover in their production systems. New software paradigms applied in factory automation promise to bring the openness, flexibility and scalability required in the reconfiguration of production lines. Modularization in devices, machines and cells facilitates physical changes; current modular control software such as function blocks from the standard IEC 61499 has not yet fulfilled the expectations of industrial control developers. This work describes the enhancement of the Automation Object reference model with semantics provided by the Web Ontology Language OWL. The AO reference model is still a draft document promoted by IEC TG65 which promises standardize the software and hardware models description of devices.
Subband active noise control algorithm based on a delayless subband adaptive filter architecture (2002)

In this paper, a new active noise control algorithm based on a delayless subband adaptive filter architecture is presented. Also, an on-line system identification method implemented in the subband structure is suggested. To implement the filtered-x LMS algorithm in the subband structure, the secondary path transfer function is decomposed into sets of subband functions. The two filter on-line modeling algorithm is then applied to each subband to estimate the secondary-path transfer function in a decomposed form. In this manner, the computational load for the on-line system identification is reduced by a factor 3 compared with the wideband approach. Simulation results are presented to show the efficiency of the new ANC algorithm and the performance of the on-line system identification scheme.
A power converter for photovoltaic applications (1999)

The thesis deals with issues related to solar energy systems, or more specifically, the electric systems of photovoltaic (PV) installations. Initially aspects of planning and estimating the performance of a PV-installation are considered. As the test site showed to have poor energy yield due to shading, a decentralised converter system was suggested for that and similar systems which result in a higher shading tolerance. The operation of single-phase inverters connected to the grid is investigated, especially the nature of hysteresis (bang-bang) controlled inverters and their interaction with the grid and other inverters. A novel switching method is suggested with similar features as of the hysteresis technique. The impact on harmonics on the grid from many inverters is investigated and showed to be decreasing with the increasing number of inverters. The design and construction of a 110 W, single-phase PV-inverter is presented and discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of a common ac-bus
Editing with style (2007)

HTML has popularized the use of style sheets, and the advent of XML has stressed the importance of style as a key area complementing document structure and content. A number of tools are now available for producing HTML and XML documents, but very few are addressing style issues. In this paper we analyze the requirements for style manipulation tools, based on the main features of the CSS language. We discuss methods and techniques that meet these requirements and that can be used to efficiently support web authors in style sheet manipulation. The discussion is illustrated by the recent developments made in the Amaya web authoring environment.
Experimenting push-pull defragmentation in flexible optical networks with direct detection (2012)

In flexi-grid optical networks, effective defragmentation (i.e., re-optimization) solutions are required to efficiently exploit network spectrum resources. However, current defragmentation solutions can only be implemented thanks to the presence of additional resources, such as spare extensive transponders. In this study, focusing on optically-amplified direct-detection systems, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of a novel defragmentation technique, called push-pull, based on dynamic lightpath frequency retuning upon proper reconfiguration of allocated spectrum resources. The technique does not require additional transponders and does not determine traffic disruption. All the relevant technological limitations that may affect the push-pull applicability are discussed. A simple yet effective closed-form expression is also proposed and experimentally validated to assess the maximum retuning range in a single push-pull operation, such that the quality of transmission during defragmentation is safely guaranteed. The technique is then successfully demonstrated in a flexi-grid network testbed. In particular the reoptimization of one lightpath is safely completed in few seconds (mainly due just to node configuration latencies) without experiencing any traffic disruption.
Ultraviolet light treatment for the restoration of age-related degradation of titanium bioactivity. (2010)

Time-related degradation of Ti bioactivity is substantial and impairs the recruitment and function of human osteoblasts as compared to freshly prepared Ti surfaces, suggesting a "biologic aging"-like change of Ti. UV treatment of aged Ti, however, restores and even enhances bioactivity, exceeding its innate levels.
Effect of Synthetic Bovine Parathyroid Hormone in Dairy Cows: Prevention of Hypocalcemic Parturient Paresis (1986)

Intravenous infusion of synthetic bovine parathyroid hormone for 96 h increased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, Mg, Ca, and hydroxyproline in plasma of pregnant cows within 16, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Plasma Ca concentration was maximal at the end of the 96-h infusion (15.1 mg/100 ml). Plasma concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D at 96 h was twice that before parathyroid hormone infusion, indicating that parathyroid hormone stimulated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production in the presence of hypercalcemia. The urinary excretion of hydroxyproline indicated that at least 48 h of parathyroid hormone stimulation was required to stimulate bone resorption in the pregnant cow. Eight periparturient cows were on a high Ca diet prepartum. Four cows were treated with intravenous parathyroid hormone prior to parturition. Four cows were untreated. All four untreated cows developed parturient paresis. None of the cows treated with parathyroid hormone developed parturient paresis. However, two cows that received parathyroid hormone for less than 24 h prior to parturition became hypocalcemic, but not recumbent. Plasma Ca concentrations remained within normal limits in the two other cows that received greater than 60 h parathyroid hormone infusion prior to parturition. We conclude that exogenous parathyroid hormone (1-34) can prevent parturient paresis if administered at least 60 h prior to parturition.
The Promoter of the Salmon Insulin-like Growth Factor I Gene Is Activated by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 (1995)

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF-1) was found to have a potent stimulatory action on the activity of the promoter of the salmon insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene in transient transfection experiments. This liver-enriched transcription factor was shown to bind to an element in the proximal region of the promoter with distinct nucleotide sequence homology to the HNF-1 consensus binding sequence. Mutating this sequence to a variant no longer capable of HNF-1 binding resulted in the loss of the stimulatory effect. Since the sequence of the HNF-1 binding site is conserved in all mammalian, avian, and amphibian species from which the IGF-I promoter sequences have been derived to date, we propose that HNF-1 may be an important regulator of IGF-I gene expression in all of these species.
Structural changes in block copolymer micelles induced by cosolvent mixtures (2011)

We investigated the influence of tetrahydrofuran (THF) addition on the structure of poly(<i>1,2</i>-butadiene-<i>b</i>-ethylene oxide) [PB-PEO] micelles in aqueous solution. Our studies showed that while the micelles remained starlike, the micelle core-corona interfacial tension and micelle size decreased upon THF addition. The detailed effects of the reduction in interfacial tension were probed using contrast variations in small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments. At low THF contents (high interfacial tensions), the SANS data were fit to a micelle form factor that incorporated a radial density distribution of corona chains to account for the starlike micelle profile. However, at higher THF contents (low interfacial tensions), the presence of free chains in solution affected the scattering at high <i>q</i> and required the implementation of a linear combination of micelle and Gaussian coil form factors. These SANS data fits indicated that the reduction in interfacial tension led to broadening of the core-corona interface, which increased the PB chain solvent accessibility at intermediate THF solvent fractions. We also noted that the micelle cores swelled with increasing THF addition, suggesting that previous assumptions of the micelle core solvent content in cosolvent mixtures may not be accurate. Control over the size, corona thickness, and extent of solvent accessible PB in these micelles can be a powerful tool in the development of targeting delivery vehicles.
Sub-unit structure and specificity of methionyl-transfer-ribonucleic acid synthetase from <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1968)

1. The purification of methionyl-transfer-RNA synthetase from Escherichia coli by a modified technique gives a 16% yield of a protein that appears homogeneous by the criteria of disc gel electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation and end-group analysis. 2. The molecular weight is 96000 and the protein consists of two sub-units of 48000, which appear to be identical. The amino acid composition and thiol content are reported. 3. Kinetic data are reported for analogues of methionine and for pure t-RNA(F) and t-RNA(M), which are respectively the methionine transfer RNA that can exist in the formylmethionyl form and the one that can exist only in the methionyl form. The enzyme binds and acylates both species of transfer RNA identically.
CLARIT compound queries and constraint-controlled feedback in TREC-5 Ad-Hoc experiments (1996)

The mains objective of the TREC-5 ad-hoc experiment is to evaluate a method by which the user can influence rather than perform the selection of feedback documents for an automatic query enhancement, assuming that the active interaction between the user and the system ends with the initial interactive search over the target data. CLARIT ad-hoc experiments represent a continuation and further refinement of the study on constraints controlled feedback but this year they performed ad-hoc experiments with the CLARIT commercial system equipped with a GUI that fully supports the user interactive generation of CLARIT compound queries, a natural language query supplemented by Boolean type constraints. The second objective of the study is to determine how effective user specified constraints are in facilitating the final ranking of documents in order to achieve a higer front-end precision. The official submissions, CLTHES and CLCLUS, explore the use of constraints to control both the automatic feedback and the final ranking of documents. They include in the analysis a new experimental feature of the CLARIT system, namely manual query expansion using pre-computed concept clusters from the target database
Topological units of environmental signal processing in the transcriptional regulatory network of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2005)

Recent evidence indicates that potential interactions within metabolic, protein-protein interaction, and transcriptional regulatory networks are used differentially according to the environmental conditions in which a cell exists. However, the topological units underlying such differential utilization are not understood. Here we use the transcriptional regulatory network of Escherichia coli to identify such units, called origons, representing regulatory subnetworks that originate at a distinct class of sensor transcription factors. Using microarray data, we find that specific environmental signals affect mRNA expression levels significantly only within the origons responsible for their detection and processing. We also show that small regulatory interaction patterns, called subgraphs and motifs, occupy distinct positions in and between origons, offering insights into their dynamical role in information processing. The identified features are likely to represent a general framework for environmental signal processing in prokaryotes.
Seventy-Two Hour Continuous Infusion Flavopiridol in Relapsed and Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma (2002)

The cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D1, which is over-expressed in 95-100% of mantle cell lymphomas (MCL), is a potential therapeutic target. Flavopiridol inhibits the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4-cyclin D1 complex and induces apoptosis in lymphoma cell lines. Previous phase I clinical studies had demonstrated that this drug could be safely administered in humans, prompting further evaluation of flavopiridol as a single agent in MCL. Ten patients with relapsed or refractory MCL, who had received one prior chemotherapy regimen, were treated with flavopiridol 50 mg/m2/day given as a 72 h continuous intravenous infusion every 14 days. Treatment was well tolerated, and only one patient developed grade III-IV non-hematologic toxicity. However, there were no clinical responses; despite therapy, three patients maintained stable disease, and seven patients demonstrated progressive disease within two months. In relapsed and refractory MCL, flavopiridol is ineffective as a single agent given by 72 h continuous infusion at 50 mg/m2/day. Recent in vitro studies using human plasma suggest that higher plasma drug levels may be necessary to achieve clinical efficacy. In vitro studies of flavopiridol indicate that the agent is synergistic with DNA-damaging compounds. Further investigation into flavopiridol as a clinical agent should focus on alternative dosing schedules and the compound's potential use in combination chemotherapeutic regimens.
The automatic identification of melanoma by wavelet and curvelet analysis: Study based on neural network classification (2011)

This paper proposes an automatic skin cancer (melanoma) classification system. The input for the prosed system is a collected data images, it followed by different image processing procedures to enhance the image properties. Two segmentation methods used to identify the normal skin cancer from malignant skin and to extract the useful information from these images that passed to the classifier for training and testing. The features used for classification is the coefficients created by Wavelet decompositions and simple wrapper curvelet. Curvelet is suitable for the image that contains oriented texture and cartoon edges. Recognition accuracy of the three layers back-propagation neural network classifier with wavelet is 51.1% and with curvelet is 75. 6% in digital images database.
Enhancement of the Infectivity Titer of Adenovirus Type 8 (1970)

A successful attempt was made to increase the infectivity titer of the prototype (TRIM) strain of adenovirus type 8, an etiological agent for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. By use of a washing technique, it was possible to raise this titer by four log arithmic dilutions. Differential ultracentrifugation indicates that the infected particles are brought down at 30,000 rpm with an inhibitor remaining in a supernatant fluid. This inhibitor is somewhat sensitive to the action of α-chymotrypsin, but not trifluorotrichloroethane (Genetron). Coinfection of adenovirus type 8 and<i>Mycoplasma</i>results in adenovirus type cytopathic effects up to a 10<sup>−9</sup>dilution.
Abnormal platelet reactivity in men with premature coronary heart disease. (1994)

These findings indicate that platelets from men with premature CHD are larger and aggregate more rapidly in response to platelet agonists, particularly adrenaline. An increased rate of aggregability with adrenaline predicted the severity of CAD lesion but not the extent of the disease, and this suggests that platelets play a role in the formation of localized obstructive lesions in coronary arteries, and therefore acute coronary events.
Synaptic Activity Augments Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-stimulated Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Production to Facilitate Ca2+ Release in Hippocampal Neurons (2004)

Intracellular Ca2+ store release contributes to activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system by modulating the amplitude, propagation, and temporal dynamics of cytoplasmic Ca2+ changes. However, neuronal Ca2+ stores can be relatively insensitive to increases in the store-mobilizing messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Using a fluorescent biosensor we have visualized M1 muscarinic acetylcholine (mACh) receptor signaling in individual hippocampal neurons and observed increased IP3 production in the absence of concurrent Ca2+ store release. However, coincident glutamate-mediated synaptic activity elicited enhanced and oscillatory IP3 production that was dependent upon ongoing mACh receptor stimulation and S-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoazolepropionic acid receptor activation of Ca2+ entry. Moreover, the enhanced levels of IP3 now mobilized Ca2+ from intracellular stores that were refractory to the activation of mACh receptors alone. We conclude that convergent ionotropic and metabotropic receptor inputs can facilitate Ca2+ signaling by enhancing IP3 production as well as augmenting release by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release.
Distribution of deoxyglucose and technetium-99m-glucarate in the acutely ischemic myocardium. (1993)

The regional myocardial distribution of 99mTc-glucarate was compared to 3H-deoxyglucose in 22 rabbits with left circumflex marginal artery occlusion. In 12 rabbits, tissue radioactivity measurements were compared to the results of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and light microscopy. In 10 additional rabbits, the myocardial sodium space (24NaCl), an indicator of tissue edema induced by injury, was compared to the distribution of deoxyglucose and glucarate. Technetium-99m-glucarate accumulated in injured myocardium within 6 hr after coronary ligation and myocardial concentration was greatest in the most severely injured zones (TTC unstained). Hydrogen-3-deoxyglucose behaved as a marker of ischemia but concentrated in tissue with injury ranging from mild ischemia (TTC stained) to transmural infarction (TTC unstained). Both 99mTc-glucarate and 3H-deoxyglucose concentrated in acute, severely injured myocardial tissue. These studies suggest that 99mTc-glucarate is a useful tracer for evaluating myocardial injury. In addition, it appears that 99mTc-glucarate and 3H-deoxyglucose demarcate different points in the spectrum of myocardial injury.
Increasing secondary diagnosis encoding quality using data mining techniques (2016)

In order to measure the medical activity, hospitals are required to manually encode information concerning an inpatient episode using International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). This task is time consuming and requires substantial training for the staff. We propose to help by speeding up and facilitating the tedious task of coding patient information, specially while coding some secondary diagnoses that are not well described in the medical resources such as discharge letter and medical records. Our approach leverages data mining techniques in order to explore medical databases of previously encoded secondary diagnoses and use the stored structured information (age, gender, diagnoses count, medical procedures…) to build a decision tree that assigns the proper secondary diagnosis code into the corresponding inpatient episode or indicates the impatient episodes that contains implausible secondary diagnoses. The results suggest that better performance could be achieved by using low level of diagnoses granularity along with adding some filters to balance the repartition of the negative and positive examples in the training set. The obtained results show that there is big variation in the evaluation scores of the studied diagnoses, the highest score is 75% using F1 measurement and the lowest 25% using F1 measurement which indicates further enhancements are needed to achieve better performance regardless of the encoded diagnosis. However, the average accuracy of all the studied secondary diagnoses is around 80% which indicates better negative predictions therefore it could be useful in the prevention or the detection of wrong coding assignments of secondary diagnoses in the inpatient stay.
Fisetin Suppresses Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses by Blockade of Src and Syk (2015)

Flavonoids, such as fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone), are plant secondary metabolites. It has been reported that fisetin is able to perform numerous pharmacological roles including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer activities; however, the exact anti-inflammatory mechanism of fisetin is not understood. In this study, the pharmacological action modes of fisetin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage-like cells were elucidated by using immunoblotting analysis, kinase assays, and an overexpression strategy. Fisetin diminished the release of nitric oxide (NO) and reduced the mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without displaying cytotoxicity. This compound also blocked the nuclear translocation of p65/nuclear factor (NF)-κB. In agreement, the upstream phosphorylation events for NF-κB activation, composed of Src, Syk, and IκBα, were also reduced by fisetin. The phospho-Src level, triggered by overexpression of wild-type Src, was also inhibited by fisetin. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that fisetin can be considered a bioactive immunomodulatory compound with anti-inflammatory properties through suppression of Src and Syk activities.