gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physiological significance of oligomeric associations of ionic pumps in biomembranes. (1988)

Some kinetic features of transport ATPases (Na, K-dependent and Ca-dependent) are characterized. The experimental data point to the existence of cooperative interactions between functional units of transport ATPases in membrane matrix. Detergent treatment showed that cooperativity with respect to the substrate is realized via interactions between several functional units (protomers), whereas cooperativity with respect to activating ions is manifested at the ion-binding sites of each protomer of transport ATPases. Structural changes in the ATPase molecules which reflect interprotein interactions induced by high ATP concentration have been revealed.
Chlorpromazine in migraine (2007)

c CLINICAL BOTTOM LINE There is some weak evidence that any improvement seems to occur soon after the clasp is applied, but this is not maintained after 6 months and 1 year follow up
Histidine starvation and adenosine 5'-triphosphate depletion in chemotaxis of Salmonella typhimurium (1980)

Starvation for histidine prevented tumbling in Salmonella typhimurium hisF auxotrophs, including constantly tumbling strains with an additional mutation in cheB or cheZ. However, histidine-starved cheZs hisF strains were not defective in flagellar function or the tumbling mechanism since freshly starved auxotrophs tumbled in response to a variety of repellents. Tumbling in histidine-starved S. typhimurium could be restored in 13 s by addition of adenine or in 4 min by addition of histidine. Chloramphenicol did not prevent restoration of tumbling by these substances. Assays of adenosine 5'-triphosphate were performed based upon previous demonstration of adenine depletion in hisF auxotrophs starved for histidine. The adenosine 5'-triphosphate concentration dropped rapidly during the course of starvation, falling to less than 5% of the initial level as the cells ceased tumbling entirely. The change to smooth motility was prevented by 2-thiazolealanine, which inhibits phosphoribosyltransferase, thereby preventing adenine depletion during histidine starvation. These results suggest that an adenosine 5'-triphosphate deficiency was responsible for the change in tumbling frequency.
A Convenient Synthesis of (<i>E</i>)-4-Alkoxy-2-amino-3-butenoic Acid Derivatives (1999)

Abstract (E)-4-Alkoxy-2-formylamino-3-butenoic acid esters have been prepared in two steps from 3-alkoxy-1-isocyanopropenes. The method is based on the reaction of 3-alkoxy-1-isocyano-1-lithiopropenes, which can be generated by the treatment of 3-alkoxy-1-isocyanopropenes with LDA in THF at −78 °C, with alkyl chlorocarbonates, affording 4-alkoxy-2-isocyano-3-butenoates. These isocyano esters have been easily transformed into the corresponding formylamino esters by treating with concd HCl in Et2O at −20 °C. Subsequently, the introduction of a substituent into the 2-position has been achieved by ethoxycarbonylation with ethyl chlorocarbonate, followed by alkylation with alkyl halides by using hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA) as a co-solvent. The resulting alkylated isocyano 3-butenoates have been similarly hydrolyzed with concd HCl to the corresponding 2-formylamino-3-butenoates.
High-yield, fluoride-free and large-scale synthesis of MIL-101(Cr) (2015)

MIL-101(Cr), one of the most important prototypical MOFs, is well investigated and widely used in many scientific fields. With regard to MOF synthesis in general, the addition of a modifier is commonly used to improve the properties of the products. The effect of inorganic (mineral) and organic acid modifiers was thoroughly investigated in the synthesis of MIL-101(Cr) and HNO3 could increase the yield to over 80% of a product with average SBET > 3200 m(2) g(-1) in repeated experiments (from an average of 50% in most published syntheses) in small-scale laboratory synthesis. The large-scale synthesis could use the finding of HNO3 addition and produce MIL-101(Cr) in >100 g quantities with yields near 70% and BET-surface areas near 4000 m(2) g(-1). The addition of acetic acid (CH3COOH) together with seeding could decrease the reaction temperature, the lowest being 160 °C (from typically 220 °C in published procedures), with still relatively good yield and BET surface area of the product. The use of other strong inorganic or weak carboxylic acids as modulators typically caused a decrease in yield and porosity.
Runtime power estimation of mobile AMOLED displays (2013)

Modeling and estimating power consumption of OLED displays are necessary to understand the energy behavior of emerging mobile devices. Although previous study exists to model and estimate the power consumption of stationary display images, to the best of our knowledge, no prior work is found to deal with runtime power behavior of OLED display running real applications. This paper proposes a runtime power estimation scheme for OLED displays that involves monitoring kernel activities that capture the screen change events of running applications. The experiment results show that the proposed scheme estimates the display energy consumption of running applications with reasonable accuracy.
Design of a Rally Driver Support System using Ecological Interface Design Principles (2006)

Cornering during rally driving is a difficult task, because the rally car is a complex non-linear system and the driver has limited knowledge of the geometry of the road that lies ahead. New technologies and Ecological Interface Design principles provide new opportunities to design a replacement of the current support system, provided by a copilot and pacenotes, that demand high levels of cognitive processing. An abstraction hierarchy provides insight in the relevant system constraints: performance, curve and velocity, acceleration, wheel slip and control inputs. A head up display is designed, using an ideal line mapped on the road surface for guidance purposes. The support system consists of two prediction curves: a trajectory curve that delivers a prediction of the cars’ path when the current acceleration is maintained; and a second curve, called boundary curve, which shows the drivers’ affordances regarding maximum lateral and longitudinal accelerations.
Automated segmentation of cortical necrosis using awavelet based abnormality detection system (2011)

We propose an automated method to segment cortical necrosis from brain FLAIR-MR Images. Cortical necrosis are regions of dead brain tissue in the cortex caused by cerebrovascular disease (CVD). The accurate segmentation of these regions is difficult as their intensity patterns are similar to the adjoining cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We generate a model of normal variation using MR scans of healthy controls. The model is based on the Jacobians of warps obtained by registering scans of normal subjects to a common coordinate system. For each patient scan a Jacobian is obtained by warping it to the same coordinate system. Large deviations between the model and subject-specific Jacobians are flagged as `abnormalities'. Abnormalities are segmented as cortical necrosis if they are in the cortex and have the intensity profile of CSF. We evaluate our method by using a set of 72 healthy subjects to model cortical variation.We use this model to successfully detect and segment cortical necrosis in a set of 37 patients with CVD. A comparison of the results with segmentations from two independent human experts shows that the overlap between our approach and either of the human experts is in the range of the overlap between the two human experts themselves.
A Brief Review of Anaerobic Digestion of Algae for Bioenergy (2019)

The potential of algal biomass as a source of liquid and gaseous biofuels has been the subject of considerable research over the past few decades, with researchers strongly agreeing that algae have the potential of becoming a viable aquatic energy crop with a higher energy potential compared to that from either terrestrial biomass or municipal solid waste. However, neither microalgae nor seaweed are currently cultivated solely for energy purposes due to the high costs of harvesting, concentrating and drying. Anaerobic digestion of algal biomass could theoretically reduce costs associated with drying wet biomass before processing, but practical yields of biogas from digestion of many algae are substantially below the theoretical maximum. New processing methods are needed to reduce costs and increase the net energy balance. This review examines the biochemical and structural properties of seaweeds and of microalgal biomass that has been produced as part of the treatment of wastewater, and discusses some of the significant hurdles and recent initiatives for producing biogas from their anaerobic digestion.
Ketohexokinase-Dependent Metabolism of Fructose Induces Proinflammatory Mediators in Proximal Tubular Cells (2009)

Increased consumption of fructose may play an important role in the epidemic of metabolic syndrome and may presage the development of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Once in the cell, fructose is phosphorylated by ketohexokinase (KHK), leading to consumption of ATP, formation of AMP, and generation of uric acid through xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). This study aimed to examine the direct effects of fructose in human kidney proximal tubular cells (HK-2) and whether they are mediated by the fructose metabolism via KHK. At a similar concentration to that observed in peripheral blood after a meal, fructose induced production of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and reactive oxygen species in HK-2 cells. Knockdown of KHK by stable transfection with small hairpin RNA demonstrated that these processes were KHK dependent. Several antioxidants, including specific inhibitors of NADPH oxidase and XOR, prevented MCP-1 secretion. We detected XOR mRNA in HK-2 cells and confirmed its activity by identifying uric acid by mass spectrometry. Fructose increased intracellular uric acid, and uric acid induced production of MCP-1 as well. In summary, postprandial concentrations of fructose stimulate redox- and urate-dependent inflammatory mediators in proximal tubular cells.
A millimeter-wave full-duplex fiber-radio star-tree architecture incorporating WDM and SCM (1998)

We propose a full-duplex millimeter-wave fiber-radio network for providing wireless customer access to broadband services. It consists of a hybrid star-tree architecture connecting remote antenna base stations to a central control office (CO) by incorporating wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) of the optical signals and subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) of the radio signals. These multiplexing schemes allow the sharing of equipment at the CO and therefore enable a simple radio distribution architecture to be implemented. We also demonstrate a 35.5-39.5-GHz full-duplex fiber-radio star-tree network, featuring three WDM carriers in the downstream and a single carrier in the upstream. Each downstream wavelength carries three 155-Mb/s BPSK SCM channels between 35.8-39.3 GHz, while a 37-GHz carrier transports 51.8 Mb/s upstream.
THE ECONOMICS OF ATTENTION: MAXIMIZING USER VALUE IN INFORMATION-RICH ENVIRONMENTS (2008)

A distinguishing feature of the information era is the saliency of people's attention as a scarce resource. Unlike an earlier time when information was a valuable resource, its easy availability has shifted the focus to the limited bandwidth that people can devote to ubiquitous media and news. With this in mind, we introduce an automatic configuration mechanism that generates the most relevant information to be presented to limited attention users. It also guarantees to maximize their total expected utility from the information they receive. A computationally efficient algorithm is used to assign an index value to each information item, which then determines whether or not a given item appears in the top list presented to users at a given time.
Drill String Vibrations Due to Intermittent Contact of Bit Teeth (1963)

An analysis of the longitudinal forces and the resulting longitudinal motions of an idealized drill string is presented. The only external force excitation considered occurs at the bit and is due to the intermittent contact of the teeth with the bottom of the hole. Attention has been restricted to the following two salient possibilities: 1 - Excitation at the bit may develop oscillating forces at the bit with amplitudes of the same order of magnitude as those of the bit load. 2 - Appreciable bit load variation may be detected by instruments which measure the motion of the drill string near its top. The first possibility is important if maximum penetration rate is to be achieved, and the second possibility is important in implementing practical measurement of the phenomenon. From the results of the specific example considered in this report, it is concluded that possibilities 1 and 2 may occur in sufficient magnitude to be influential, but experimental data on the actual bit motion and the damping will be required to evaluate the effect. The analysis is presented in such form that the influence of the various parts of the system can easily be evaluated.
Mitochondria Targeting Non-Isocyanate-Based Polyurethane Nanocapsules for Enzyme-Triggered Drug Release (2018)

Surface engineering of nanocarriers allows fine-tuning of their interactions with biological organisms, potentially forming the basis of devices for the monitoring of intracellular events or for intracellular drug delivery. In this context, biodegradable nanocarriers or nanocapsules capable of carrying bioactive molecules or drugs into the mitochondrial matrix could offer new capabilities in treating mitochondrial diseases. Nanocapsules with a polymeric backbone that undergoes programmed rupture in response to a specific chemical or enzymatic stimulus with subsequent release of the bioactive molecule or drug at mitochondria would be particularly attractive for this function. With this goal in mind, we have developed biologically benign nanocapsules using polyurethane-based, polymeric backbone that incorporates repetitive ester functionalities. The resulting nanocapsules are found to be highly stable and monodispersed in size. Importantly, a new non-isocyanate route is adapted for the synthesis of these non-isocyanate polyurethane nanocapsules (NIPU). The embedded ester linkages of these capsules' shells have facilitated complete degradation of the polymeric backbone in response to a stimulus provided by an esterase enzyme. Hydrophilic payloads like rhodamine or doxorubicin can be loaded inside these nanocarriers during their synthesis by an interfacial polymerization reaction. The postgrafting of the nanocapsules with phosphonium ion, a mitochondria-targeting receptor functionality, has helped us achieve the site-specific release of the drug. Co-localization experiments with commercial mitotracker green as well as mitotracker deep red confirmed localization of the cargo in mitochondria. Our in vitro studies confirm that specific release of doxorubicin within mitochondria causes higher cytotoxicity and cell death compared to free doxorubicin. Endogenous enzyme triggered nanocapsule rupture and release of the encapsulated dye is also demonstrated in a zebrafish model. The results of this proof-of-concept study illustrate that NIPU nanocarriers can provide a site-specific delivery vehicle and improve the therapeutic efficacy of a drug or be used to produce organelle-specific imaging studies.
Two Modes of Auditory Hair Cell Loss following Acoustic Overstimulation in the Avian Inner Ear (1997)

To determine the type of cell death occurring and how the removal of damaged cells proceeds following overstimulation, we examined chick basilar papillae using an in situ DNA nick end labeling method and transmission electron microscopy. Two distinct modes of hair cell loss were identified. First, hair cells which had not progressed into typical cell death processes, apoptosis or necrosis, were deleted by extrusion from the epithelium just after sound exposure. Second, hair cells manifested degeneration through the process of apoptosis, then further deterioration within the epithelium after the beginning of the process of hair cell regeneration. The latter mode may contribute to the following repair processes.
An ESR study at 4 K of the reaction between H and Ni(CO)4 (1984)

A new ESR spectrum has been generated by the photolysis at 4 K of Kr matrices containing HI and Ni(CO)4. Analysis of the nuclear hyperfine structure for 1H, 2H, 61Ni, and 13C leads to its assignment to the radical HNi(CO)3 which has trigonal geometry and a 2A1 ground state in C3v symmetry.
Performance evaluation and comparison of Pixel to pixel bit mapping and edge detection algorithm for generation of differential time lapse video (2012)

There are many applications which use Video Communication, but the size of the video always remains one of the major trouble associated with it because it increases the cost & bandwidth required to transmit the video. Most of the video recording does not require everything to be record, it requires very less information compared to normal video, so order to save the storage space and time to visualization the non informative frames has to be removed. The Time Lapse Technique is photography technique where by each film frame is captured at much slower rate than it will replay back. When replayed at normal rate, time appears to be moving faster and thus time lapsing. Time lapse technique can be classified as periodic and aperiodic time lapse video. The natural movements like sunrise, blooming of flowers periodic time lapse is used, while for uncertain activities like human activity, bird flying and animal movement, aperiodic time lapse video is used. One of the classifications of aperiodic time lapse video is differential time lapse video. As its name suggests in this technique the frames are selected on the basis of amount of difference in between them. To find out the difference in the successive frames mainly one of the three algorithms can be used a) Pixel to pixel bit mapping b) Edge detection c) Motion detection. The quality of differential time lapse video depends on the algorithm which is used for the frame selection criterion. In this paper, MATLAB based algorithm is used to generate differential time lapse video where frame selection criterion are bit mapping algorithm and different edge detection technique.
Autophagy and cancer – insights from mouse models (2017)

(Macro-)autophagy is an evolutionary conserved 'self-digestion program' that serves to maintain cellular metabolism and is implicated in many pathological processes such as cancer. In recent years, an increasing number of studies in murine cancer models have provided a plethora of sometimes conflicting results about the role of autophagy in cancer biology. This review summarizes these studies and raises awareness that there are situations in which autophagy blockage might indeed reduce tumor growth, but that sometimes the exact opposite is the case. It is therefore vital to mimic patient conditions in preclinical mouse experiments as thoroughly as possible before commencing clinical trials.
Signals of Opportunity Aided Inertial Navigation (2016)

A signal of opportunity (SOP)-aided inertial navigation system (INS) framework is presented and studied. The following problem is studied. A mobile receiver with access to global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals is aiding its onboard INS with GNSS pseudoranges. While navigating, the receiver draws pseudorange observations on ambient unknown terrestrial SOPs and estimates the SOPs’ states. GNSS signals become unavailable, at which point the receiver uses the SOPs to aid its INS. It is demonstrated that fusing SOP pseudoranges in a tightly-coupled GNSS-SOP-INS framework produces a superior navigation solution to a traditional tightly-coupled GNSS-INS framework. Moreover, in the absence of GNSS signals, it is demonstrated that aiding the INS via SOPs produces bounded estimation errors. The SOP-aided INS’s performance sensitivity is studied over varying quantity and quality of exploited SOPs. Experimental results are presented demonstrating a ground vehicle navigating exclusively with inertial measurement unit (IMU) data and pseudoranges from an unknown terrestrial SOP emanating from a cellular tower.
Dihydrotestosterone Decreases Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in Human Endothelial Cells (2006)

DHT could positively regulate endothelial function through the control of the inflammatory response mediated by nuclear factor-kappaB in endothelial cells.
A noise tolerant fine tuning algorithm for the Naïve Bayesian learning algorithm (2014)

This work improves on the FTNB algorithm to make it more tolerant to noise. The FTNB algorithm augments the Naïve Bayesian (NB) learning algorithm with a fine-tuning stage in an attempt to find better estimations of the probability terms involved. The fine-tuning stage has proved to be effective in improving the classification accuracy of the NB; however, it makes the NB algorithm more sensitive to noise in a training set. This work presents several modifications of the fine tuning stage to make it more tolerant to noise. Our empirical results using 47 data sets indicate that the proposed methods greatly enhance the algorithm tolerance to noise. Furthermore, one of the proposed methods improved the performance of the fine tuning method on many noise-free data sets.
Selection for feed efficiency in Atlantic salmon using individual indicator traits based on stable isotope profiling (2019)

Our findings show that the use of indicator ratio traits to assess individual feed efficiency in Atlantic salmon has great prospects in selection programs. Given that large quantities of feeds with contrasting isotope profiles of carbon and/or nitrogen can be produced cost-effectively, the use of stable isotopes to monitor nitrogen and carbon metabolism in various tissues has potential for large-scale recording of individual feed efficiency traits, without requiring individual feed intake to be recorded.
Optimal wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployment: minimum cost with lifetime constraint (2006)

Device deployment is a fundamental issue of WSN provisioning. The types, number, and locations of devices determine many intrinsic properties of a WSN, such as coverage, connectivity, cost and lifetime. In this paper, we explore the problem of the optimal WSN deployment, with an objective of minimizing the network cost with lifetime constraint. We discuss and identify the characteristics of a type of WSN applications. The ultimate objectives of the device deployment for such applications are presented and discussed. We refine a deployment problem in a practical and fundamental scenario. We model this problem with the minimum set covering problem. Based on a recursive algorithm, a deterministic deployment strategy is proposed.
The Etiology of Eclampsia: A Preliminary Report (1938)

The Etiology of Eclampsia: A Preliminary Report Get access William B. Patterson, William B. Patterson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Henry F. Hunt, Henry F. Hunt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Roy E. Nicodemus Roy E. Nicodemus Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 8, Issue 2, 1 March 1938, Pages 120–135, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/8.2.120 Published: 12 November 2015 Article history Received: 18 June 1937 Published: 12 November 2015