gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression determinants of mammalian argonaute proteins in mediating gene silencing (2011)

RNA interference occurs by two main processes: mRNA site-specific cleavage and non-cleavage-based mRNA degradation or translational repression. Site-specific cleavage is carried out by argonaute-2 (Ago2), while all four mammalian argonaute proteins (Ago1-Ago4) can carry out non-cleavage-mediated inhibition, suggesting that Ago1, Ago3 and Ago4 may have similar but potentially redundant functions. It has been observed that in mammalian tissues, expression of Ago3 and Ago4 is dramatically lower compared with Ago1; however, an optimization of the Ago3 and Ago4 coding sequences to include only the most common codon at each amino acid position was able to augment the expression of Ago3 and Ago4 to levels comparable to that of Ago1 and Ago2. Thus, we examined whether particular sequence features exist in the coding region of Ago3 and Ago4 that may prevent a high level of expression. Swapping specific sub-regions of wild-type and optimized Ago sequence identified the portion of the coding region (nucleotides 1-1163 for Ago-3 and 1-1494 for Ago-4) that is most influential for expression. This finding has implications for the evolutionary conservation of Ago proteins in the mammalian lineage and the biological role that potentially redundant Ago proteins may have.
An energy efficient routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks (2005)

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is different from the traditional ad-hoc networks with its limited size, memory, energy and computation ability, as well as its cheap and densely deployment characteristic. Some special designs must meet these demands. In this paper, we analyze the problems of traditional routing protocols for WSN, and suggest an energy efficient directional routing protocol. In our algorithm, we use election strategy to select the next hop to the sink, and force other candidates to enter sleep state to save energy. These candidates are weakened up after certain duration to attend the next election. The simulation shows that the new algorithm reduces the average dissipated energy by about 50% percent compared with directional flooding when network size is big enough, and the end-to-end delay is also improved significantly.
Multiple-detect ATPG based on physical neighborhoods (2006)

Multiple-detect test sets detect single stuck line faults multiple times, and thus have a higher probability of detecting complex defects. But current definitions of what constitutes a new test for a single stuck line fault do not leverage defect locality. Recent work has proposed a new metric to capture quality of a multiple-detect test set based on the number of unique states on lines in the physical neighborhood of a targeted line. This paper presents a new ATPG strategy that uses this metric to generate higher quality multiple-detect test sets.
Maintenance and repair of the pancreas of the adult rat by primitive stem cells (2009)

Stage‐specific antigen‐4 (SSEA‐4) positive stem cells and carcinoembryonic antigen‐cell adhesion molecule‐1 (CEA‐CAM‐1) positive stem cells have been isolated from the skeletal muscle of adult mammals, including humans. The current study was undertaken to determine the location of these cells within the pancreas of the adult rat. Adult rats were euthanized following the guidelines of Mercer University's IACUC. The pancreases were fixed, cryosectioned and stained with two antibodies diagnostic for adult pluripotential stem cells, i.e. SSEA‐4 for pluripotent stem cells and CEA‐CAM‐1 for totipotent stem cells. Populations of both stem cells were located in tissues of the pancreas based on apparent repair processes. Heavy infiltrations of SSEA‐4 positive stem cells and CEA‐CAM‐1 positive stem cells were located among both pancreatic acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas and islet cells of the endocrine pancreas apparently undergoing repair, whereas other areas of the same pancreases were void of either stem cell population. Studies are ongoing to address the functional significance of these populations of primitive stem cells in pancreatic injury and repair.
A car transportation system using multiple mobile robots: iCART II (2011)

This paper proposes a new car transportation system, iCART II (intelligent Cooperative Autonomous Robot Transporters - type II), based on “a-robot-for-a-wheel” concept. A prototype system, MRWheel (a Mobile Robot for a Wheel), is designed and downsized less than the half of the conventional robot used in iCART (intelligent Cooperative Autonomous Robot Transporters). In general, it is very difficult for mobile robots such as MRWheel to move to desired positions without motion errors caused by slipping, etc. Therefore we propose a decentralized control algorithm for car transportation in coordination by using a leader-follower type multiple robot system. The proposed algorithm enables the followers to estimate and reduce the motion errors and then enables the robots to transport a car to a desired position, even if the motion errors occur. In addition, we discuss how the external force applied to each robot during transporting a car, such as an inertial and friction force, is shared among the robots, and we propose a model-based external force estimation and compensation method. The proposed control algorithm is applied to the system, and the results of car transportation experiment confirm its validity.
Antigen Receptor Signaling to NF- B via CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1 (2010)

The signaling pathway controlling antigen receptor-induced regulation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB plays a key role in lymphocyte activation and development and the generation of lymphomas. Work of the past decade has led to dramatic progress in the identification and characterization of new players in the pathway. Moreover, novel enzymatic activities relevant for this pathway have been discovered, which represent interesting drug targets for immuno-suppression or lymphoma treatment. Here, we summarize these findings and give an outlook on interesting open issues that need to be addressed in the future.
Cloning, expression and map assignment of chicken prosaposin (1998)

Prosaposin is the precursor of four small glycoproteins, saposins A-D, that activate lysosomal sphingolipid hydrolysis. A full-length cDNA encoding prosaposin from chicken brain was isolated by PCR. The deduced amino acid sequence predicted that, similarly to human and other mammalian species studied, chicken prosaposin contains 518 residues, including four domains that correspond to saposins A-D. There was 59% identity and 76% similarity of human and chicken prosaposin amino acid sequences. The basic three-dimensional structures of these saposins is predicted to be similar on the basis of the conservation of six cysteine residues and an N-glycosylation site. Identity of amino acid sequences was higher among saposins A, B and D than in saposin C. The predicted amino acid sequence of saposin B matched exactly that of purified chicken saposin B protein. The chicken prosaposin gene was mapped to a single locus, PSAP, in chicken linkage group E11C10 and is closely linked to the ACTA2 locus. This confirms the homology between chicken and human prosaposins and defines a new conserved segment with human chromosome 10q21-q24.
Single-Sided and Semisingle-Sided NMR Sensors for Highly Diffusive Samples:  Application to Bottled Beverages (2006)

Single-sided NMR sensors such as the NMR-MOUSE have been very successfully implemented for quality control applications in the rubber and polymer industries. More recently, single-sided NMR was also applied in characterization of the fat components in foods. Both industrial polymers and the fat components in food exhibit relatively low self-diffusion coefficients on the order of 5x10(-11) m2/s or lower. The application of conventional single-sided NMR to highly mobile, watery phases in foods and beverages is hampered by the strong magnetic field gradient present in standard single-sided NMR devices. In this contribution, we present both a single-sided NMR sensor with a reduced magnetic field gradient and another ("semisingle-sided") sensor design with an open sample bay using a single-sided RF coil. The latter design allows much better sensitivity without sacrificing the necessary open access needed for measurements on entire food packages such as bottles. As a first application, the sensors were used for determining the oxygen content in bottles with superoxygenated table water.
Absorption of Unshifted Scattered Light by a Molecular I2 Filter in Brillouin and Raman Scattering (1971)

A simple molecular I2 vapor filter is described which can attenuate the unshifted scattered light in Brillouin and Raman scattering by greater than 108 with a background attenuation of less than 10, i.e., a discrimination ratio of &gt; 107 : 1.
The Solvolysis of 21-Hydrocortisone Esters and Hemiesters (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Solvolysis of 21-Hydrocortisone Esters and HemiestersEdward R. GarrettCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1962, 5, 1, 112–133Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm01236a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jm01236a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
AVEC 2016 - Depression, Mood, and Emotion Recognition Workshop and Challenge (2016)

The Audio/Visual Emotion Challenge and Workshop (AVEC 2016) "Depression, Mood and Emotion" will be the sixth competition event aimed at comparison of multimedia processing and machine learning methods for automatic audio, visual and physiological depression and emotion analysis, with all participants competing under strictly the same conditions. The goal of the Challenge is to provide a common benchmark test set for multi-modal information processing and to bring together the depression and emotion recognition communities, as well as the audio, video and physiological processing communities, to compare the relative merits of the various approaches to depression and emotion recognition under well-defined and strictly comparable conditions and establish to what extent fusion of the approaches is possible and beneficial. This paper presents the challenge guidelines, the common data used, and the performance of the baseline system on the two tasks.
A solid state color image sensor using ZnSe-Zn<sub>1-x</sub>Cd<sub>x</sub>Te heterojunction thin-film photoconductor (1980)

A 413H X 506V BBD* image sensor structure using a ZnSe-Znl-,Cd,Te heterojunction thin-film photoconductor for color imaging applications will be described. The device, with its photoconductive-layer-on-solid-scanner (PLOSS), can extend the aperture of the photoconductor to the scanning circuit area to obtain the high blue sensitivity of the heterojunction diode. Low light level sensing of a color image is thus possible. Blooming suppression is also available.
LeakSurvivor: towards safely tolerating memory leaks for garbage-collected languages (2008)

Continuous memory leaks severely hurt program performance and software availability for garbage-collected programs. This paper presents a safe method, called LeakSurvivor, to tolerate continuous memory leaks at runtime for garbage-collected programs. Our main idea is to periodically swap out the “Potentially Leaked ” (PL) memory objects identified by leak detectors from the virtual memory to disks. As a result, the virtual memory space occupied by the PL objects can be reclaimed by garbage collectors and available for future uses. If a swapped-out PL object is accesses later, LeakSurvivor will restore it from disks to the memory for correct program execution. Furthermore, LeakSurvivor helps developers to prune false positives. We have built the prototype of LeakSurvivor on top of Jikes RVM 2.4.2, a high performance Java-in-Java virtual machine developed by IBM. We conduct the experiments with three Java applications including Eclipse, SPECjbb2000 and Jigsaw. Among them, Eclipse and Jigsaw contain memory leaks introduced by their developers, while SPECjbb2000 contain a memory leak injected by us. Our results show that LeakSurvivor effectively tolerates memory leaks for two applications (Eclipse and SPECjbb2000), i.e., no cumulative performance degradation and no software failures when facing continuous memory leaks at runtime. For Jigsaw, LeakSurvivor extends the program lifetime by two times and improves the performance by 46 % compared with native runs. Furthermore, when there are no memory leaks, LeakSurvivor imposes small runtime overhead, i.e., 2.5 % over the leak detector and 23.7 % over the native runs. 1
Use of rFVIIa in the Trauma Setting–Practice Patterns in United States Trauma Centers (2008)

Much excitement has been generated regarding the off label use of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in the severely injured trauma patient. The purpose of our study is 3-fold: 1) describe the type of centers that use rFVIIa, 2) determine which centers use the drug more frequently, and finally 3) investigate how this drug is being administered at trauma centers. A survey was mailed or e-mailed to 435 trauma centers (Level I and II) throughout the nation. One hundred fifty-six surveys were returned. American College of Surgeons (ACS) verification and trauma Level I designation were independent predictors of rFVIIa use (odds ratio [OR] 3.74 and 5.40, P < 0.05). High users of rFVIIa were defined as those centers that had above median usage of the drug. Level I centers accounted for 67 per cent of the high users. Only the number of fellowship-trained trauma surgeons and trauma volume predicted high usage of rFVIIa (OR 1.38 and 14.09, P < 0.05). Trauma volume predicted whether or not Factor VII users implemented a protocol based approach to administration of the drug (OR 6.57, P < 0.05). Most protocols incorporated packed red blood cells (74%) before giving rFVIIa. The dose of 90 mcg/kg was exceeded in 34 per cent of centers, and 3 per cent used the 200 mcg/kg dose. High volume Level I trauma centers use rFVIIa more frequently and are more likely to use a systematic approach to its administration. However, there is no standardized approach to rFVIIa administration in United States trauma centers.
Waferless pattern recognition recipe creation using StatTrax (2002)

Motorola MOS-12 uses Tencor UV-1050 and FT-750 Film Thickness probes for on product measurements at many steps in the fabrication process. Master recipes are manually created for the first mask set of any new process flow. By utilizing a standard scribe grid structure, recipes for subsequent mask sets are created by copying the master recipes then making changes to the coordinates in the die map and pattern recognition sections of each recipe. The ability to create recipes this way reduces engineering time required for new product introduction and significantly reduces cycle time for lead lots. The method provides the best recipe integrity possible and allows the elimination of costly test wafers.
Antibody Responses in Humans Infected with Newly Emerging Strains of West Nile Virus in Europe (2013)

Infection with West Nile Virus (WNV) affects an increasing number of countries worldwide. Although most human infections result in no or mild flu-like symptoms, the elderly and those with a weakened immune system are at higher risk for developing severe neurological disease. Since its introduction into North America in 1999, WNV has spread across the continental United States and caused annual outbreaks with a total of 36,000 documented clinical cases and ∼1,500 deaths. In recent years, outbreaks of neuroinvasive disease also have been reported in Europe. The WNV strains isolated during these outbreaks differ from those in North America, as sequencing has revealed that distinct phylogenetic lineages of WNV concurrently circulate in Europe, which has potential implications for the development of vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostic tests. Here, we studied the human antibody response to European WNV strains responsible for outbreaks in Italy and Greece in 2010, caused by lineage 1 and 2 strains, respectively. The WNV structural proteins were expressed as a series of overlapping fragments fused to a carrier-protein, and binding of IgG in sera from infected persons was analyzed. The results demonstrate that, although the humoral immune response to WNV in humans is heterogeneous, several dominant peptides are recognized.
Modeling of integrated erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers with overlapping factors methods (1996)

An analysis of the applicability of overlapping factors methods to the modeling of integrated erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers is presented. These methods offer as main advantage a considerable seduction in computation time without a decrease in their effective accuracy. We propose an extension of previous overlapping factors methods in order to model highly erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers. New sets of parameters related to the relevant upconversion and cross-relaxation mechanisms are introduced. Some numerical examples illustrate both working-conditions dependent and independent overlapping factors main dependences, which are fully explained. Finally, the accuracies of the results obtainable by both methods are examined and interpreted and the reduction in computation time is considered.
The Energetics of Ion Distribution: The Origin of the Resting Electric Potential of Cells (2002)

The relation between the energies of ion movement and ATP hydrolysis is unknown in tissues with widely varying electric potentials. Consequently, we measured the concentration of the nine major inorganic ions in the extra- and intracellular phases in heart, liver, and red cells with resting electrical potentials, E(N), of -86, -28, and -6 mV, respectively, under six different physiological conditions. We calculated the Nernst electric potential and the energy of ion movement between the phases. We found that the energy of ATP hydrolysis was essentially constant, between -54 and -58 kJ/mol, in all tissues and conditions. In contrast, as E(N) decreased, the energies of the Na+ and K+ gradients decreased, with slopes approximating their valence. The difference between the energies of Na+ and K+ gradients remained constant at 17 kJ/mol, which is approximately one third of the energy of ATP hydrolysis, demonstrating near-equilibrium of the Na+/K+ ATPase in all tissues under all conditions. All cations, except K+, were pumped out of cells and all anions, except Cl- in liver and red cell, were pumped into cells. We conclude that the energy of ATP was expressed in Na+/K+ ATPase and its linked inorganic ion transporters to create a Gibbs-Donnan near-equilibrium system, an inherent part of which was the electric potential.
A new simulation method and its application to knowledge-based systems for railway scheduling (2002)

A simulation method is proposed to emulate human experts' simulating processes of train movements on a computer. Computer simulation is one of the possible tools applicable for design, planning, scheduling, and control of rail and transit systems. Although conventional simulation has been successfully applied to systems design and facility planning, scheduling, and online rescheduling still depend heavily on flexible simulation and the intelligent decision-making abilities of experts. The simulation method consists of three major components: partial simulation, basic command, and strategic knowledge. Since the method can be integrated with the intelligent scheduling abilities of experts, two knowledge-based systems are developed using it: DIAPLAN and ESTRAC-III. Through the experience of applying both systems to large and complicated rail and transit systems operated in the real world, it was confirmed that the method can successfully emulate experts' simulating processes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improvements and Modifications to Room‐Temperature Fabrication Method for Dielectric <scp>Li</scp> <sub>2</sub> <scp>MoO</scp> <sub>4</sub> Ceramics (2015)

Dielectric properties of lithium molybdate disks fabricated by moistening water‐soluble Li 2 MoO 4 powder, compressing it, and postprocessing the samples at 120°C, were improved by the optimization of powder particle size, sample pressing pressure, and postprocessing time. It appeared that the postprocessing temperature of the Li 2 MoO 4 ceramics could be chosen so as to be applicable to the associated integrated materials as long as the postprocessing time was adequately adjusted to ensure the removal of the residual water. In addition, the dielectric properties of Li 2 MoO 4 ceramic were modified with an inclusion of suitable additives. For example, at 1 GHz the relative permittivity of Li 2 MoO 4 disks fabricated at room temperature and postprocessed at 120°C was increased from 6.4 to 8.8 with an addition of 10 vol% of rutile TiO 2 and to 9.7 with an addition of 10 vol% of BaTiO 3 . At the same time the loss tangent value increased from 0.0006 to 0.0014 and to 0.011, respectively.
High performance 5G millimeter-wave antenna array for 37–40 GHz mobile application (2018)

In this paper, a high performance 5G millimeter-wave phased antenna array for 37-40 GHz mobile application is proposed. The proposed antenna array is based on dipole antenna with two opening holes. It is shown that compared to previous designs our antenna array design has good antenna performance in terms of antenna gain and scanning property within the entire frequency range.
Removal of Heat-Generating Nuclides from High-Level Liquid Wastes through Mixed Zeolite Columns (1993)

Abstract The simultaneous removal of heat-generating nuclides Cs and Sr from high-level liquid wastes was achieved through columns packed with mixed zeolites of ferrierite (F) and zeolite A (A). A simulated waste solution was efficiently denitrated with formic acid up to pH 6.5–8.3 in the region of the initial molar ratio of [HCOOH]/[HNO3] from 2.3 to 2.7. Large portions of multivalent nuclides including lanthanoids and actinoids were filtered off as precipitates in this pH region. Both Cs and Sr remaining in the filtrate were then completely removed by passing through the column packed with mixed zeolites. Break points for a column with an appropriate mixing ratio of A: F=2:3 were found to be 12.6 bed volumes (BV) for Cs and 11.0 BV for Sr; the amounts of Cs and Sr adsorbed were estimated to be 0.28 and 0.12mmol/g, respectively. The mixed zeolites adsorbing Cs and Sr were readily converted into a solid form by calcination at 1,200°C.