gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FPGA-Based Prototyping Methodology Manual: Best Practices in Design-For-Prototyping (2011)

This book collects the best practices FPGA-based Prototyping of SoC and ASIC devices into one place for the first time, drawing upon not only the authors' own knowledge but also from leading practitioners worldwide in order to present a snapshot of best practices today and possibilities for the future. The book is organized into chapters which appear in the same order as the tasks and decisions which are performed during an FPGA-based prototyping project. We start by analyzing the challenges and benefits of FPGA-based Prototyping and how they compare to other prototyping methods. We present the current state of the available FPGA technology and tools and how to get started on a project. The FPMM also compares between home-made and outsourced FPGA platforms and how to analyze which will best meet the needs of a given project. The central chapters deal with implementing an SoC design in FPGA technology including clocking, conversion of memory, partitioning, multiplexing and handling IP amongst many other subjects. The important subject of bringing up the design on the FPGA boards is covered next, including the introduction of the real design into the board, running embedded software upon it in and debugging and iterating in a lab environment. Finally we explore how the FPGA-based Prototype can be linked into other verification methodologies, including RTL simulation and virtual models in SystemC. Along the way, the reader will discover that an adoption of FPGA-based Prototyping from the beginning of a project, and an approach we call Design-for-Prototyping, will greatly increase the success of the prototype and the whole SoC project, especially the embedded software portion. Design-for-Prototyping is introduced and explained and promoted as a manifesto for better SoC design. Readers can approach the subjects from a number of directions. Some will be experienced with many of the tasks involved in FPGA-based Prototyping but are looking for new insights and ideas; others will be relatively new to the subject but experienced in other verification methodologies; still others may be project leaders who need to understand if and how the benefits of FPGA-based prototyping apply to their next SoC project. We have tried to make each subject chapter relatively standalone, or where necessary, make numerous forward and backward references between subjects, and provide recaps of certain key subjects. We hope you like the book and we look forward to seeing you on the FPMM on-line community soon (go to www.synopsys.com/fpmm).
Differences in the entire nucleotide sequence between hepatitis B virus genomes from carriers positive for antibody to hepatitis B e antigen with and without active disease (1994)

The entire nucleotide sequence was determined for eight hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes from three symptom-free carriers, two patients with chronic persistent hepatitis and one patient with chronic active hepatitis, who were positive for antibody to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). The two patients with chronic persistent hepatitis were tested again after they developed chronic active or fulminant hepatitis, making a total of eight samples. Six had a point mutation in the preC region prohibiting the encoding of HBeAg precursor, while the remaining two had a deletion of 8 or 21 nucleotides within the X gene upstream of the preC transcription initiation sites which would affect the X gene and the putative preC/C promoter. Most genomes from the three symptom-free carriers and the two patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, with HBV DNA levels of 10(2)-10(3)/ml, had deletion, frameshift mutation, initiation failure or a premature stop codon, rendering them replication-incompetent. In contrast, such mutations were rarely seen in HBV genomes from the two patients with chronic persistent hepatitis after they had developed active or fulminant hepatitis and from the patient with chronic active hepatitis, all of whom had vigorous HBV replication with serum HBV DNA from 10(6) to 10(9)/ml. Unique mutations for amino acid changes were more frequent in HBV genomes with a higher replicative activity. These results indicate two kinds of HBV genomes with an HBeAg-minus phenotype, one with defects seriously affecting viral replication and the other without such defects, which would account for different clinical profiles in carriers with antibody to HBeAg.
An XPS study of GaN thin films on GaAs (1990)

Abstract The energies of photoelectron and Auger lines of gallium and nitrogen in GaN thin films obtained by reactive sputtering are derived. From previous RBS investigations, such were found to be stoichiometric in the bulk. The XPS surface analysis of the films gives a chemical content of ∼20% gallium oxide. Depth profiling of GaN/GaAs samples is then performed by Ar + (2 keV) sputter‐etching. The Ga L 3 M 4,5 M 4,5 Auger line shows a partial dissociation of GaN by preferential sputtering of nitrogen and the production of metallic gallium. The Ga 3d and Ga 2p photoelectron lines, having different escape depths, give the same result. The etching rate is high: the GaN sputtering yield, which is almost the same as that for Ga, is found to be ∼8. The gallium oxide component disappears for depths larger than 10 nm: it is concluded that the surface gallium oxide is probably due to the partial oxidation of GaN films in atomospheric air.
The Annual Report for 1960 from the Department of Industrial Health, Tata Service Limited, India (1962)

The Annual Report for 1960 from the Department of Industrial Health, Tata Service Limited, India Get access W.K.S. Moore W.K.S. Moore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 12, Issue 1, April 1962, Page 30, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/12.1.30 Published: 01 April 1962
Additional Formation of Silver as a Result of an Infectious Development of Silver Halide Emulsions<sup>*</sup> (1975)

Developing mixtures of unexposed and exposed emulsions yield a considerable amount of co-developed silver halides of the unexposed emulsion. The lower the gelatin silver bromide ratio the more pronounced this phenomenon becomes. either chemical sensitization nor crystal habit of the unexposed Ag-halide influence the amount of additional formed silve during development in a normal rapid processing X-ray developer.The grain size of the unexposed crystal, the internal developability and the relative log E value at the expo lire play an important role. Solution physical development must be discarded as a cause of this co-development, taking into account the rather high covering power of the co-developed silver.
Percutaneous absorption of an antimicrobial organosilicon quarternary ammonium chloride in rabbits (1983)

The percutaneous absorption of an organosilicon quaternary ammonium chloride (14C)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (14C-Si-QAC) was studied in rabbits. Aqueous solution of 14C-Si-QAC was either applied to the intact, clipped back of animals for 10 days or administered by a single intravenous dose. Urine and feces were collected at 24-h intervals and tissue concentration of radioactivity was determined at the end of the 10-day study period. Elimination of 14C-Si-QAC after parenteral administration was slow and occurred by both urine and feces (13.5% in urine and 20% in feces). No radioactivity was found in the urine of dermally treated animals. Tissue concentrations of 14C were highest in the liver, lung and kidneys after i.v. administration. None was detected in tissues of dermally treated animals. The results showed that the absorption of 14C-Si-QAC through the skin of the rabbit was essentially zero. The potential absorption hazard of the use of this antimicrobial agent in contact with the skin is therefore considered to be insignificant.
Coxibs interfere with the action of aspirin by binding tightly to one monomer of cyclooxygenase-1 (2009)

Pain associated with inflammation involves prostaglandins synthesized from arachidonic acid (AA) through cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways while thromboxane A(2) formed by platelets from AA via cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) mediates thrombosis. COX-1 and COX-2 are both targets of nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (nsNSAIDs) including aspirin whereas COX-2 activity is preferentially blocked by COX-2 inhibitors called coxibs. COXs are homodimers composed of identical subunits, but we have shown that only one subunit is active at a time during catalysis; moreover, many nsNSAIDS bind to a single subunit of a COX dimer to inhibit the COX activity of the entire dimer. Here, we report the surprising observation that celecoxib and other coxibs bind tightly to a subunit of COX-1. Although celecoxib binding to one monomer of COX-1 does not affect the normal catalytic processing of AA by the second, partner subunit, celecoxib does interfere with the inhibition of COX-1 by aspirin in vitro. X-ray crystallographic results obtained with a celecoxib/COX-1 complex show how celecoxib can bind to one of the two available COX sites of the COX-1 dimer. Finally, we find that administration of celecoxib to dogs interferes with the ability of a low dose of aspirin to inhibit AA-induced ex vivo platelet aggregation. COX-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib are widely used for pain relief. Because coxibs exhibit cardiovascular side effects, they are often prescribed in combination with low-dose aspirin to prevent thrombosis. Our studies predict that the cardioprotective effect of low-dose aspirin on COX-1 may be blunted when taken with coxibs.
Intelligent paging schemes for non-GEO satellite personal communication networks (2002)

Two novel intelligent paging schemes for dynamic satellites are illustrated. A new intelligent spotbeam selection process, based on user mobility is presented. The spotbeam selection process is applied to the paging schemes and results, in terms of average number of spotbeams required for paging and paging success rates, are presented. The results are shown for two differing types of dynamic satellite constellations. These are a Globalstar-like LEO system with 19 spotbeams and a ICO-like MEO system with 163 spotbeams.
MEL-18 loss mediates estrogen receptor–α downregulation and hormone independence (2015)

The polycomb protein MEL-18 has been proposed as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer; however, its functional relevance to the hormonal regulation of breast cancer remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that MEL-18 loss contributes to the hormone-independent phenotype of breast cancer by modulating hormone receptor expression. In multiple breast cancer cohorts, MEL-18 was markedly downregulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). MEL-18 expression positively correlated with the expression of luminal markers, including estrogen receptor-α (ER-α, encoded by ESR1). MEL-18 loss was also associated with poor response to antihormonal therapy in ER-α-positive breast cancer. Furthermore, whereas MEL-18 loss in luminal breast cancer cells resulted in the downregulation of expression and activity of ER-α and the progesterone receptor (PR), MEL-18 overexpression restored ER-α expression in TNBC. Consistently, in vivo xenograft experiments demonstrated that MEL-18 loss induces estrogen-independent growth and tamoxifen resistance in luminal breast cancer, and that MEL-18 overexpression confers tamoxifen sensitivity in TNBC. MEL-18 suppressed SUMOylation of the ESR1 transactivators p53 and SP1, thereby driving ESR1 transcription. MEL-18 facilitated the deSUMOylation process by inhibiting BMI-1/RING1B-mediated ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of SUMO1/sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1). These findings demonstrate that MEL-18 is a SUMO-dependent regulator of hormone receptors and suggest MEL-18 expression as a marker for determining the antihormonal therapy response in patients with breast cancer.
Performance in Wind Tunnel of Hybrid Active/Passive Absorbent Panels (2005)

We present the results of a new measurement campaign, carried out in an anechoic wind tunnel, to evaluate the performance of hybrid active/passive panels for reducing sound in a flow duct. Each panel features 27 individual cells, which use an active control system at the rear face of a resistive layer in order to enhance the absorber capabilities to attenuate low frequencies. The tests were conducted with pure sine waves from 850 Hz to 2 kHz and with a flow velocity up to Mach 0.3. The architecture of the control system allows a rapid and robust convergence in all cases. Hybrid liners allow the development of large absorbent surfaces and active control proved its eciency at a representative Mach number. According to predictions, active functioning is generally more eective up to 1 kHz and the hybrid liner provides a global noise reduction rather independent of the frequency.
Disease Ontology 2015 update: an expanded and updated database of human diseases for linking biomedical knowledge through disease data (2014)

The current version of the Human Disease Ontology (DO) (http://www.disease-ontology.org) database expands the utility of the ontology for the examination and comparison of genetic variation, phenotype, protein, drug and epitope data through the lens of human disease. DO is a biomedical resource of standardized common and rare disease concepts with stable identifiers organized by disease etiology. The content of DO has had 192 revisions since 2012, including the addition of 760 terms. Thirty-two percent of all terms now include definitions. DO has expanded the number and diversity of research communities and community members by 50+ during the past two years. These community members actively submit term requests, coordinate biomedical resource disease representation and provide expert curation guidance. Since the DO 2012 NAR paper, there have been hundreds of term requests and a steady increase in the number of DO listserv members, twitter followers and DO website usage. DO is moving to a multi-editor model utilizing Protégé to curate DO in web ontology language. This will enable closer collaboration with the Human Phenotype Ontology, EBI's Ontology Working Group, Mouse Genome Informatics and the Monarch Initiative among others, and enhance DO's current asserted view and multiple inferred views through reasoning.
New guanidinium compounds for the molecular recognition of carboxylates and contributions to the synthesis of bivalent NPY Y1 receptor antagonists (2007)

The chemical properties of the guanidinium group as well as its ability to form H-bonds, charge pairing and cation-π interactions opens up a large number of possibilities in molecular recognition and pharmaceutical chemistry. In the first chapter, the synthesis of Artificial Ethoxycarbonyl Guanidinium Amino Acids is reported. Carboxy� and amino-groups can be selectively deprotected, but peptide coupling reactions are limited to simple amines and acids. The Ethoxycarbonyl-group can be selectively cleaved by the pig liver esterase EC 3.1.1.1. The binding ability of the Ethoxycarbonyl-protected guanidine to carboxylates in DMSO was investigated by NMR-titrations. The value is comparable with the binding constant of thioureas in DMSO. In further studies, luminescent Guanidinium Amino Acids (GuAA´s) as new synthetic receptor building blocks for molecular recognition of carboxylates were prepared. The binding constants were determined by fluorescence titrations in different solvents. The binding constants are in MeOH in the range of 5*105 M-1, in DMSO 2*104 M-1 and in H2O (pH = 7.0) in the range of 7*103 M-1. The stoichiometry of all binding processes is 1:1 and was determined by Job`s plot analysis. The synthesis of a tripeptide 33 containing two GuAA molecules gave the target compound in 17 % yield. Guanidinium compounds play a major role in pharmaceutical chemistry. The Y1 receptor antagonist BIBP 3226 and NG-acylated BIBP 3226 derivatives are highly active compounds. We have reported the synthesis of bis-guanidines 24 and 28. The alcohol 10 could be obtained in good yields starting from commercially available Boc-D-Glu(OBn)-OH 15. The double Mitsunobu reaction of alcohol 10 with bis-guanidine 24 to form the bivalent ligand 30 failed. To investigate the reason for the failure of the Mitsunobu reaction, simple model reactions were carried out. As a result we found that the diphenyl-part in the primary alcohol 10 has an influence on the reaction mechanism of the Mitsunobu reaction. One explanation could be the steric shielding of the OH-function by the two phenyl rings. Furthermore the synthesis of alkylated BIBP 3226 derivatives could be achieved by simple Mitsunobu reaction of the alcohol 34 with 1,3-di-Cbz-2-methyl-isothiourea 38 to get the isothiourea 39. The compound is useful as a precursor for the synthesis of alkylated guanidines by treatment with different amines.
UHF measurement of breathing and heartbeat at a distance (2010)

The detection of breathing and heartbeat from a distance is important for medical triage and mass casualty events as well as routine monitoring of higher-risk patients. Typical approaches include wiring up patients to devices and wearable devices, but remote detection and monitoring is both easier on the patient and easier to administer. Monitoring at low frequencies means that there is less patient risk as well as extended range and reduced power. In this paper we look at the measurement of breathing and heartbeat of human subjects at UHF frequencies. We characterize the system design and capabilities as well as the algorithmic approach to extracting the signal. We measure biometric ground truth using heartbeat sensors, respiration monitors, and accelerometers. We do accurately measure breathing, and can measure heartbeat when the subject is holding his breath, but have not yet separated the heartbeat from breathing when both are being done simultaneously.
A randomized phase I and II study of short-term infusion of high-dose fluorouracil with or without N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid in patients with advanced pancreatic and colorectal cancers. (1988)

Fifty-two patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies who had not received previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy were randomized to be treated either with 24-hour infusion of weekly fluorouracil (5-FU) or the same plus N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA). Forty-seven patients were evaluable for the assessment of toxicity and antitumor activity. PALA was administered as an intravenous (IV) bolus over 15 minutes at a fixed dose, 250 mg/m2. The latter agent was administered 24 hours before the start of 5-FU infusion. 5-FU was initially administered at 750 mg/m2 and was incrementally increased to 3,400 mg/m2. In both arms of the randomized study, the courses were repeated every week. In both arms of the study, ataxia and myelosuppression were the dose-limiting toxic effects. At 5-FU dose of 3,400 mg/m2, one patient in each arm developed grade 3 hematologic toxicity. Other reversible side effects included grade 2 skin changes, nausea, and vomiting. During the administration of 2,600 mg/m2 of 5-FU over 24 hours, the steady state plasma 5-FU concentration was approximately 20 mumol/L. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for 5-FU for protracted treatment is 2,600 mg/m2 in either arm of the study. Therapeutic response was predominantly seen in the combination arm: there were two patients with complete response (CR) and 11 patients with partial response (PR) of 28 patients in the study. In the 5-FU alone arm there were four PR and 19 patients in the study.
Generation of carrier-envelop-phase stabilized 3.3-fs optical pulses (2006)

The carrier envelope phase (CEP) stabilizer of the 12-fs Ti:sapphire oscillator with chirp-mirror compensation consists of the so-called f-to-2f interferometry, the phase-detection and phase-locking electronics with a frequency divider of f/sub rep//4 and the controller of the CW pump power through a feedback based on the acousto-optic modulator (AOM). Another frequency divider of f/sub rep//72000 was used to derive the multi-pass amplified pulse repetition rate through a Q-switched trigger of pump pulses. By this system combined with the CEP measurement technology, the new field of the electric-field wavepacket photonics will be opened.
A review of drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology and green chemistry: green nanomedicine (2017)

This review discusses the impact of green and environmentally safe chemistry on the field of nanotechnology-driven drug delivery in a new field termed "green nanomedicine". Studies have shown that among many examples of green nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems, those receiving the greatest amount of attention include nanometal particles, polymers, and biological materials. Furthermore, green nanodrug delivery systems based on environmentally safe chemical reactions or using natural biomaterials (such as plant extracts and microorganisms) are now producing innovative materials revolutionizing the field. In this review, the use of green chemistry design, synthesis, and application principles and eco-friendly synthesis techniques with low side effects are discussed. The review ends with a description of key future efforts that must ensue for this field to continue to grow.
Frequency Filtering for a Highly Robust Audio Fingerprinting Scheme in a Real-Noise Environment (2006)

The noise robustness of an audio fingerprinting system is one of the most important issues in music information retrieval by the content-based audio identification technique. In a real environment, sound recordings are commonly distorted by channel and background noise. Recently, Philips published a robust and efficient audio fingerprinting system for audio identification. To extract a robust and efficient audio fingerprint, Philips applied the first derivative (differential) to the frequency-time sequence of the perceptual filter-bank energies. In practice, however, the noise robustness of Philips' audio fingerprinting scheme is still insufficient. In this paper, we introduce an extension method of the audio fingerprinting scheme for the enhancement of noise robustness. As an alternative to frequency filtering, a type of band-pass filter, instead of a high-pass filter, is used to achieve robustness to background noise in a real situation. Our experimental results show that the proposed filter improves the noise robustness in audio identification.
Characterization of RNA binding specificity of the<i>Drosophila</i>sex-lethal protein by<i>in vitro</i>ligand selection (1994)

The Drosophila sex-lethal (Sxl) protein, a regulator of somatic sexual differentiation, is an RNA binding protein with two potential RNA recognition motifs (RRMs). It is thought to exert its function on splicing by binding to specific RNA sequences within Sxl and transformer (tra) pre-mRNAs. To examine the Sxl RNA binding specificity in detail, we performed in vitro selection and amplification of ligand RNAs from a random sequence pool on the basis of affinity with Sxl protein. After three cycles of selection and amplification, we cloned and sequenced 17 cDNAs corresponding to the RNAs selected in vitro. Sequencing showed that most of the RNAs selected contain polyuridine stretches surrounded by purine residues. In vitro binding analysis revealed that the sequences of the in vitro selected RNAs with relatively high affinity for Sxl show similarity to that of the Sxl- and tra-regulated acceptor regions, including the invariant AG sequence for splicing. These results suggest that Sxl recognizes and preferentially binds to a polyuridine stretch with a downstream AG sequence.
The Research on Control Algorithm of Logistics Data Exchange Based on XML (2009)

With more and more applications of XML in logistics data exchange, data security will become increasingly important. In the paper, according to network security related technologies and XML security component technology, data security control method based on XML in logistics data exchange is discussed. More ever, how to strengthen the security of Internet commerce is discussed by instance, and it useful for user, who only needs access to part content of XML document, effectively control XML data access.