gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deletion mapping of four loci defined by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced postimplantation-lethal mutations within the pid-Hbb region of mouse chromosome 7. (1993)

As part of a long-term effort to refine the physical and functional maps of the Fes-Hbb region of mouse chromosome 7, four loci [l(7)1Rn, l(7)2Rn, l(7)3Rn, l(7)4Rn] defined by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced, prenatally lethal mutations were mapped by means of trans complementation crosses to mice carrying lethal deletions of the mouse chromosome-7 albino (c) locus. Each locus was assigned to a defined subregion of the deletion map at the distal end of the Fes-Hbb interval. Of particular use for this mapping were preimplantation-lethal deletions having distal breakpoints localized between pid and Omp. Hemizygosity or homozygosity for each of the ENU-induced lethals was found to arrest development after uterine implantation; the specific time of postimplantation death varied, and depended on both the mutation itself and on whether it was hemizygous or homozygous. Based on their map positions outside of and distal to deletions that cause death at preimplantation stages, these ENU-induced mutations identify loci, necessary for postimplantation development, that could not have been discovered by phenotypic analyses of mice homozygous for any albino deletion. The mapping of these loci to specific genetic intervals defined by deletion breakpoints suggests a number of positional-cloning strategies for the molecular isolation of these genes. Phenotypic and genetic analyses of these mutations should provide useful information on the functional composition of the corresponding segment of the human genome (perhaps human 11q13.5).
Design and test of distributed applications (1988)

It is well known that programming and testing distributed systems can be extremely difficult. Reasons for this include non-deterministic behavior, non-reproducibility of events, complex timing of events, and complex states. This paper presents a paradigm and system that will support a programmer when designing, programming, and testing a distributed application. Our main point is that the structure introduced by the paradigm must be kept and exploited during design, programming, and testing. One is not helped by a programming method which introduces a structure just to break it down again. We have developed a structural model based on common structures in distributed systems. This structural model is used to describe the logical relationships between components in a system. It is also integrated into the programming environment.
Constant-time neighbor finding in hierarchical tetrahedral meshes (2002)

Techniques are presented for moving between adjacent tetrahedra in a tetrahedral mesh. The tetrahedra result from a recursive decomposition of a cube into six initial congruent tetrahedra. A new technique is presented for labeling the triangular faces. The labeling enables the implementation of a binary-like decomposition of each tetrahedron which is represented using a pointerless representation. Outlines of algorithms are given for traversing adjacent triangular faces of equal size in constant time.
A Study on Optimum Tooth Modifications of Helical Gears Under Various Loads (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes an unique concept for the optimum design of tooth modifications of helical gears. The tooth modifications of helical gears will minimize transmission error under various loads with flexible supporting members, i.e. automobile transmissions. The key point of this concept is the amount of tooth modifications on each path of contact moved by misalignment under each respective target torque. Using this concept, it is possible to calculate the optimum 3-dimensional tooth modifications. The tooth modifications under light load will be a small curvature, and a large curvature under high load. Furthermore, through observation we can determine that the tooth surface modifications will have excellent impact on transmission error over a wide torque range. Finally, this method is verified experimentally in various misalignment conditions.</div>
Business implications of knowledge-based systems (1986)

This two part paper explores management issues raised by expert systems (ES). In the first section, a brief history of ES is presented, and the competitive potential of ES is analyzed from a business policy perspective. The second section, appearing in the next issue, discusses development and implementation issues of ES. Both sections highlight similarities and differences between expert systems and other types of information systems.
Practical Design of a Sliding Mode Controller for Pneumatic Actuators (1997)

Pneumatic robot manipulators are characterized by high-order, time-variant actuator dynamics, nonlinearities due to compressibility of air, external disturbances such as static and Coulomb friction, and wide range of payload variations. Conventional PID controllers suffer from problems of gain tuning under these conditions. In this paper, a new control algorithm is proposed for the position and trajectory control of pneumatic actuators based on the sliding mode control approach. The stability of motion is proved for the case of a linear, time-invariant switching surface. A disadvantage of using sliding mode control for third- and higher-order mechanical systems is the need for acceleration feedback. In this paper, to overcome this difficulty we propose the use of differential pressure. The proposed controller is simple, easy to implement, and robust to payload and parametric variations. The effectiveness of the new scheme for position and trajectory control is illustrated by experiments on an industrial piston-driven cylindrical actuator with proportional valves.
ECG MAP FILTERING BY MEANS OF SPHERICAL HARMONICS: A SIMPLE APPROXIMATION AND RESULTS (1984)

Abstract The first three sections deal with the motivation for using Karhunen-Loève filtering and its optimality in the framework of the general filtering theory. Optimality is strongly related to the group symmetry of the signal, ECG maps which possess approximate spherical symmetry are just a case of “symmetric signal.” Analytical expressions of such filters, their computer implementation, together with the results of several performance tests are also given.
Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Route to Pyrroles: Synthesis of Halogenated Pseudilins as Allosteric Inhibitors for Myosin ATPase and X‐ray Crystal Structures of the Protein–Inhibitor Complexes (2014)

Abstract The pentahalogenated 2‐arylpyrrole‐type alkaloids pentabromopseudilin and pentachloropseudilin represent a new class of isoform‐specific allosteric inhibitors of myosin ATPase. Herein, we describe an application of the silver(I)‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of N ‐(homopropargyl)toluenesulfonamides to the total syntheses of these natural products and several non‐natural analogues. Moreover, we examine the inhibitiory effect of pentahalogenated pseudilins on myosin ATPase activity.
Isolation and Characterization of a Rice MADS Box Gene Belonging to the AGL2 Gene Family (1997)

The MADS box genes that encode regulatory proteins play important roles in both the formation of flower meristem and the determination of floral organ identity. We have characterized a flower-specific cDNA that belongs to the AGL2 gene family from rice, designated OsMADS5. The cDNA displays the structure of a typical plant MADS box gene, which consists of a MADS domain, K domain, a short I region between the MADS and K domain, and the C-terminal region downstream of the K domain. The gene was classified as a member of the AGL2 gene family from sequence homology analysis. The OsMADS5 protein is the most similar to OsMADS1 of rice (72% identity). In spatial and temporal RNA blot analyses, the OsMADS5 gene was expressed preferentially in anthers and weakly in carpels. During flower development, the gene was more highly expressed in the early floral stage than in the late. To study the functions of the gene, the cDNA clone was expressed ectopically using the CaMV 35S promoter in a heterologous tobacco plant system. Transgenic plants of OsMADS5 exhibited the phenotype of weak dwarfism and early flowering. These results indicate that OsMADS5 is structurally related to the AGL2 family and may be involved in controlling flowering time.
A new experimental in vitro culture medium for cultivation of Leishmania species (1997)

A new liquid culture medium prepared with chemicals that can be obtained economically and commercially was tested in in vitro cultivation of Leishmania promastigotes to obtain a large number of organisms to use in serological studies. The number of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica promastigotes taken from Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) medium reached 1 x 10(7)/ml at the end of the 8th day in our new medium, though in NNN medium the number of organisms reached only 5 x 10(6)/ml. After 10 subsequent passages, the culture medium prepared was evaluated as being quite inexpensive, simple, and successful compared with other commercially available liquid culture media.
Extracting knowledge from web server logs using web usage mining (2013)

The growth of the Internet is increasing rapidly and the use of websites and web-based systems has become very common. The main problem that faces any website admin or any web application system is data increase per-second, which is stored in different types and formats in server log files about users, their future needs and maintains the structure and content of website or web services according to their previous data. Web usage mining aims at discovering useful information or knowledge from usage data registered in log files, based on primary kinds of data used in the mining process. By using one of the web mining techniques, this paper uses a web usage mining technique to procure knowledge from web server log files where all user navigation history is registered.
The Molecular Scaffold KSR1 Regulates the Proliferative and Oncogenic Potential of Cells (2004)

The specificity of signaling through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways has been attributed to both the control of intensity and duration of signaling and the actions of protein scaffolds. Here we demonstrate that the molecular scaffold KSR1 regulates the intensity and duration of ERK activation to modulate a cell's proliferative and oncogenic potential. Deletion of KSR1 eliminates the prolonged phase of ERK activation induced by platelet-derived growth factor and blocks Ras(V12)-induced transformation. The introduction of KSR1 into KSR1(-/-) mouse embryo fibroblasts causes a concentration-dependent increase in signaling and transformation, to a maximum at 14 times the wild-type KSR1 expression levels, but inhibits these responses at higher expression levels. An increase in KSR1 expression to levels that are optimal for signaling leads to a threefold increase in proliferative capacity and is coincident with the level of KSR1 expression that maximally associates with all members of the Raf/MEK/ERK cascade. These data reveal that cells contain a reserve proliferative capacity that is accessible by the optimal expression of a noncatalytic signaling component and that altering the expression level of a molecular scaffold can modulate the actions of growth factors and oncogenes.
MTI Optimization in a Multiple-Clutter Environment (1976)

A means of optimizing a moving target indicator (MTI) filter for rejecting several types of clutter, which are generated by different mechanisms such as by rain or the ground, is formulated. lt is found that the optimal performance of such a filter depends on the spectral density functions, average radar cross sections, and the relative mean Doppler frequencies of each type of clutter. lt is shown that the optimal improvement factor of such a filter is bounded by the weighted average (weighted in accordance with the radar cross sections of the clutter types) of the improvement factor for the individual clutter type. lt is also shown that the improvement factor of such a filter is a function of the relative mean Doppler frequency f0 between the clutter types. As f0 increases, the performance of the MTI system degrades. The worst improvement factor occurs when f0 is equal to half of the radar pulse-repetition frequency (PRF).
Regulation of Cercosporin Accumulation in Culture by Medium and Temperature Manipulation (1989)

(...) This study defined medium, temperature, and light conditions for maximum and minimum cercosporin accumulation in isolates of C. asparagi, C. beticola, C. kikuchii, C. nicotianae, and C. zeae-maydis. A simple method was developed for the extraction and measurement of cercosporin in cultures of Cercospora spp. grown on solid medium. (...)
Pharmacotherapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2010)

Treatment of PAH with prostanoids reduces mortality and improves multiple other clinical and hemodynamic outcomes. ERAs and PDE5 inhibitors improve clinical and hemodynamic outcomes, but have no proven effect on mortality. The long-term effects of all PAH treatment requires further study.
The Kinetics of the Base-catalyzed Methanolysis of Ortho, Meta and Para Substituted l-Menthyl Benzoates<sup>1,2</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Kinetics of the Base-catalyzed Methanolysis of Ortho, Meta and Para Substituted l-Menthyl Benzoates1,2Robert W. Taft Jr., Melvin S. Newman, and Frank H. VerhoekCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 10, 4511–4519Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01166a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01166a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dynamic AM-AM and AM-PM Behavior in Microwave PA Circuits (2006)

This paper explains the nonlinear dynamic memory effects observed on both AM-AM and AM-PM conversions of nonlinear microwave power amplifier, PA, circuits. The study is introduced via an analytic Volterra series analysis which is then illustrated with envelope simulations gathered from a GaN HEMT based microwave PA. This way, a theoretically supported explanation of the small- and large-signal dynamic asymptotic behavior, observed in the amplitude and phase conversions of microwave/RF PA's, could be achieved.
The retinoblastoma protein modulates expression of genes coding for diverse classes of proteins including components of the extracellular matrix. (1996)

The product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, pRb, is a negative regulator of cell growth. It functions by regulating the activity of transcription factors. Rb represses some genes by sequestering or inactivating the positive transcription factor E2F and seems to activate some others by interacting with factors like Sp1 or ATF-2. However, there are only a few examples of genes which are positively regulated by pRb. In order to find out if there are common mechanisms for promoter regulation by pRb, we were interested to identify more genes which are either stimulated or repressed by pRb. Using the method of differential display (DDRT-PCR) in combination with nuclear run-on analyses we were able to detect a number of genes which are upregulated by ectopic expression of the Rb gene in Rb-deficient mammary carcinoma cells. We could demonstrate not only stimulation of the endogenous mutant Rb gene but also positive regulation of genes coding for diverse classes of proteins, including the endothelial growth regulator endothelin-1 and the proteoglycans versican and PG40. As a second approach, we investigated gene expression in cell lines established from Rb deficient heterozygous and homozygous knockout mouse embryos and normal mice. We have identified several genes the expression of which correlates positively or negatively with the presence of Rb. These data provide further evidence for pRb being a master regulator of a complex network of gene activities defining the difference between dividing and resting or differentiated cells.
Mass Spectrometry Analysis of 2-Nitrophenylhydrazine Carboxy Derivatized Peptides (2011)

Peptides with two or more basic residues, including those with post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as methylation and phosphorylation, can be highly hydrophilic and, therefore, are often difficult to be retained on a reversed-phase (RP) column. In addition, these highly hydrophilic peptides may carry two or more positive charges, which often fragment poorly upon collisionally activated dissociation (CAD), resulting in few sequence-specific ions. C-terminal rearrangement may also occur during CAD. Furthermore, some PTMs are labile and tend to be lost when subjected to CAD as is the case with phosphorylation on serine or threonine. To overcome the difficulties of separation, detection, and fragmentation of highly hydrophilic peptides, we report here the effect of carboxy group derivatization with 2-nitrophenylhydrazine (this strategy will be called NPHylation for simplicity). NPHylation significantly increases the hydrophobicity of the peptides, eliminates C-terminal rearrangement in all cases, and offers enhanced sensitivity in some cases. In addition, the CAD spectra of the resulting NPHylated peptides carry more sequence-specific ions due to significant reduction of sequence scrambling as observed for peptide EHAGVISVL. Furthermore, the different carboxy derivatives of this peptide undergo sequence scrambling to varying degrees, which clearly demonstrates that the C-terminus has a profound effect on peptide fragmentation. Finally, sequence scrambling is a charge dependent phenomenon, which affects CAD of doubly charged peptides far more than their singly charged counterparts.
A novel waveform analyzer for analog and digital signals for the Windows(R) environment (2002)

This paper presents a novel waveform analyser tool for signals specified in the analog or digital form, for the Windows environment. Differently from ordinary analysers, that just present the contents of a file in graphics form, without providing more sophisticated functions, this system incorporates powerful signal analysis functions, allowing, for example, logic operations among signals, trigger condition specification and signal superposition. This tool can also operate as a waveform analyzer sewer for several client simulators, using advanced protocols for process communication (DDE) for the Windows environment.
[JPIP-based wireless transmission and display of high resolution DICOM medical images]. (2006)

This paper uses JPIP protocol to transmit and display high-resolution medical images through the wireless network. JPIP server extracts medical images from PACS system, transforms the format of medical images, and parses and recomposes the JPEG2000 codestream. Wireless PDA access and display DICOM medical images through accessing the JPIP server.
Failure of Interferon Alfa and Isotretinoin Combination Therapy in the Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (1996)

Interferon alfa therapy has activity against a variety of tumors both alone and in combination with retinoids.<sup>1-4</sup>Clinical studies have demonstrated synergism of interferon alfa with isotretinoin in the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the skin and advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix.<sup>3</sup> Because of the high basal cell carcinoma (BCC) clearance rates reported with interferon alfa therapy alone<sup>1,2</sup>and the synergism with isotretinoin therapy, we evaluated the combination of both agents as forms of treatment for BCCs in a patient with the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. <h3>Subject and Methods.</h3> We examined a 38-year-old woman with nevoid BCC syndrome and detected 23 lesions clinically suggestive of BCCs. We chose five lesions that were similar in appearance (located on the neck, the lateral aspect of the chest, the abdomen, and the back) andobtained a 2-mm punch biopsy specimen from each lesion 1 month before treatment. Histopathologic examination of each biopsy specimen identified BCC. The lesions ranged from 0.5×0.6 cm to 0.8×0.8 cm, and their size did not change during the month before treatment.
Higher coordinate cyanide and isocyanide complexes. Part 12. Dealkylation and reductive coupling of tert-butyl isocyanide ligands in heptakis(tert-butyl isocyanide)molybdenum(II). Structure of cyanotetrakis(tert-butyl isocyanide)((N,N'-di-tert-butyldiamino)acetylene)molybdenum(II) tetraphenylborate (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigher coordinate cyanide and isocyanide complexes. Part 12. Dealkylation and reductive coupling of tert-butyl isocyanide ligands in heptakis(tert-butyl isocyanide)molybdenum(II). Structure of cyanotetrakis(tert-butyl isocyanide)((N,N'-di-tert-butyldiamino)acetylene)molybdenum(II) tetraphenylborateJohn C. Dewan, Christen M. Giandomenico, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 12, 4069–4074Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50226a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (771 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts