gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic Interference Mitigation Achieves Optimal Degrees-of-Freedom in Wireless Multi-Cell Uplink Networks (2012)

We introduce an opportunistic interference mitigation (OIM) protocol, where a user scheduling strategy is utilized in K-cell uplink networks with time-invariant channel coefficients and base stations (BSs) having M antennas. Each BS opportunistically selects a set of users who generate the minimum interference to the other BSs. Two OIM protocols are shown according to the number of simultaneously transmitting users per cell, S: opportunistic interference nulling (OIN) and opportunistic interference alignment (OIA). Then, their performance is analyzed in terms of degrees-of-freedom (DoFs). As our main result, it is shown that KM DoFs are achievable under the OIN protocol with M selected users per cell, if the total number of users in a cell, N, scales at least as SNR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(K-1)M</sup> . Similarly, it turns out that the OIA scheme with S(<;M) selected users achieves KS DoFs, if N scales faster than SNR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(K-1)S</sup> . These results indicate that there exists a trade-off between the achievable DoFs and the minimum required N. By deriving the corresponding upper bound on the DoFs, it is shown that the OIN scheme is DoF-optimal. Finally, numerical evaluation, a two-step scheduling method, and the extension to multi-carrier scenarios are shown.
Multi-dimensional equalization for adjacent channel interference (2002)

A multidimensional equalization method is investigated for the reduction of the adjacent channel interference that can often appear in mobile data transmission. The method essentially samples at a sufficiently high rate to capture adjacent channel signals and a multidimensional equalizer is used to mitigate crosstalk interference along with intersymbol interference. When adjacent channel spacing is close and crosstalk is the dominant noise source, large gains in effective signal-to-noise ratio are exhibited by multidimensional equalization, as quantified in this work. The trade-off for the improvement is an approximate doubling to tripling of receiver computational requirements and the need for the identification of a larger number of adaptive equalization parameters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High voltage operation of field‐plated AlInN HEMTs (2011)

Abstract In this paper, we report for the first time, high voltage operations of field plated Al 1–x In x N (x≈0.18) HEMTs. The epilayer structure of our devices consisted of AlInN/GaN HEMT structure with and without AlN cap layer. 1.25 μm gate‐length AlInN/GaN HEMT devices were then fabricated with 2 μm source‐gate distance using our baseline fabrication process. The gate‐drain spacing were varied from 6 (baseline) to 12 μm. The devices were field‐plated to analyze the breakdown voltage. The maximum drain current density in devices grown on sapphire substrates was around 1.2 A/mm (at a +3 V gate bias). Maximum transconductance was around 370 mS/mm. The insulating AlN cap layer, combined with the field‐plated gate design had proved to substantially improve the devices OFF‐state breakdown voltage. The measured breakdown voltage was as high as 350‐400 V. The results presented highlights the potentials of AlInN‐based devices for the high‐voltage and energy‐efficient power‐electronics applications (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Age Is Not Necessarily Aging: Another Step towards Understanding the ‘Clocks’ That Time Aging (2002)

Hofer and Sliwinski raise a critical concern regarding a popular practice in aging research of inferring associations among aging changes of different processes from correlations based on cross-sectional age differences. It is shown analytically that cross-sectional information drawn from age-heterogeneous samples is not suitable for answering questions about the interdependence between aging changes. While in general we agree with the problem pointed out by Hofer and Sliwinski, the two aims of this commentary are: (1) to highlight links between the specific concern and two long-standing issues confronting life-span researchers and (2) to introduce alternative approaches that are currently underutilized in gerontological research. We elaborate general issues with respect to challenges in inferring aging changes from age differences and using age as a proxy for aging. We show that several other sources of variance independent of rates of change, such as cohort- and mortality-related selection effects, are confounded in age-heterogeneous designs. We suggest general considerations for developing more explicit theories of cognitive aging in the future. Alternative research methods and paradigms for studying the causes and mechanisms of the aging mind at different time scales and levels are also highlighted. The role of chronological age in aging research is rather "superficial". To understand the underlying processes and mechanisms of cognitive aging, classical process-oriented, rather than solely age-oriented, theoretical conceptions need to be reconsidered and reified with new methodological and empirical advances. Concerted gerontological research endeavors utilizing recent progresses made in statistical analyses of dynamic processes and in cognitive and computational neurosciences that may lead to fruitful breakthroughs.
Reduction of secondary defect formation in MeV B+ ion-implanted Si (100) (1989)

MeV ion implantation in Si above a dose of 1014/cm2 leads to secondary defect formation in a buried layer, which is rather stable. Annealing of Si(100) implanted with 2.0 MeV B+ ions to a dose of 2.2×1014/cm2 has been investigated by means of cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. After annealing at 900 °C for 15 min, dislocation loops elongated along [110] were found. A remarkable decrease in secondary defect formation has been observed if, in addition, 140 keV Si+ was implanted prior to annealing.
The Effect of Previous Crop Residues and Tillage on Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat (2000)

Effects of previous crop residues and tillage practices on Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat were examined. Fusarium head blight was monitored in plots of the FHB-susceptible spring wheat cultivar Norm following crops of corn, wheat, and soybeans in 1995, 1996, and 1997. Moldboard plow, chisel plow, and no-till treatments were imposed perpendicular to crop strips to establish a range of residue levels in each of the previous crop residues. Fusarium head blight incidence and severity were greatest when wheat followed corn and least when wheat followed soybeans. Incidence and severity were lower in moldboard plowed plots than in either chisel plowed or no-till plots, although differences among chisel plow and no-till treatments were not apparent. Yields of wheat were approximately 15% lower in plots where wheat followed corn or wheat than in wheat following soybeans and were 10% greater in moldboard plowed plots than in either chisel plowed or no-till treatments. The deoxynivalenol (DON) content of harvested grain was significantly correlated with FHB incidence and severity. The DON level in wheat following soybeans, averaged across tillage treatments, was 25% lower than in wheat following wheat and 50% of the level in wheat following corn. These findings suggest that changes in regional tillage practices, principally the move toward conservation tillage and reduced-till systems, contributed to the recent FHB epidemics in the Upper Midwest. Because differences in the type and quantity of crop residues in small plots affected disease development, it is likely that local sources of inoculum, such as those within a grower's field, contribute directly to the inoculum load and disease potential. The implication of these findings is that selection of cultural practices aimed to reduce inoculum-borne residues will assist in the control of FHB.
Within-Subjects Comparison of the HiRes and Fidelity120 Speech Processing Strategies: Speech Perception and Its Relation to Place-Pitch Sensitivity (2010)

Findings suggest that Fidelity120 supports small improvements in the perception of spectral speech cues in some Advanced Bionics CI users; however, many users show no clear benefit. Benefits are more likely to occur for vowel spectral cues (related to F1 and F2 frequency) than for consonant spectral cues (related to place of articulation). There was an inconsistent relationship between place-pitch sensitivity and improvements in spectral cue perception with Fidelity120 relative to HiRes. This may partly reflect the small number of sites at which place-pitch thresholds were measured. Contrary to some previous reports, there was no clear evidence that Fidelity120 supports improved sentence recognition in noise.
Identification of tumorigenic and therapeutically actionable mutations in transplantable mouse tumor cells by exome sequencing (2013)

Cancer development occurs in response to the successive accumulation of mutations that eventually targets key regulators of cell proliferation. As most mutations likely occur randomly, cancer driver mutations can only be found if they are recurrent. Here we use exome sequencing of the mouse cell lines Panc02, L1210 and Colon 26 to identify genetic alterations (single-nucleotide polymorphisms and small insertion and deletions) that occurred in three different strains of mice and that resulted in tumorigenesis. We identify known mutations in genes like Kras, Cdkn2a/b, Smad4 and Trp53 and a large list of genes whose causal link to cancer is unknown. Interestingly, by screening a compound library we find that the identified oncogenic Kras mutation in Colon 26 cells correlates with its sensitivity to MEK inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Our analysis of these mouse tumor exomes show that their manageable number of mutations could facilitate the identification of novel mutations or pathways driving tumor development. Furthermore, their use as tools is now enhanced as they can be used to create syngenic transplant models for utilization in drug discovery and validation. Finally, by showing that Kras mutant Colon 26 cells are sensitive to MEK inhibitors, we provide one proof-of-principle experiment that a platform containing targeted resequencing and drug screens could be a valuable addition in the clinic to devise anti-cancer drug schemes.
Nematicidal and Antimicrobial Constituents from<i>Allium grayi</i>Regel and<i>Allium fistulosum</i>L. var.<i>caespitosum</i> (1988)

Journal Article Nematicidal and Antimicrobial Constituents from Allium grayi Regel and Allium fistulosum L. var. caespitosum Get access Masahiro Tada, Masahiro Tada Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Fuchu, Tokyo 183, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasuhiko Hiroe, Yasuhiko Hiroe Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Fuchu, Tokyo 183, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Satoshi Kiyohara, Satoshi Kiyohara Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Fuchu, Tokyo 183, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shizu Suzuki Shizu Suzuki Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Fuchu, Tokyo 183, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 52, Issue 9, 1 September 1988, Pages 2383–2385, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10869050 Published: 01 September 1988 Article history Received: 01 June 1988 Published: 01 September 1988
Plasmid pT181 replication is regulated by two countertranscripts. (1985)

A transcription map of the replication control region of the Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pT181 has been constructed. Two major leftward transcripts, RNA III and RNA IV, start at positions 339 and 413, respectively. These two RNAs can serve as mRNAs for a plasmid-specific replication protein RepC. Two short rightward transcripts, RNA I and RNA II, approximately 85 and 150 nucleotides long, respectively, start at position 246. These rightward transcripts (referred to as countertranscripts) do not appear to be translated but act directly as negative regulators of plasmid replication, probably by interfering with translation of the RepC mRNAs. There is no significant base sequence homology among the countertranscripts of pT181, ColE1, and R1/NR1/R6-5, suggesting that the structural parallelism has risen by convergent molecular evolution.
One Dose of Ghrelin Prevents the Acute and Sustained Increase in Cardiac Sympathetic Tone after Myocardial Infarction (2012)

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) increases sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to the heart, which exacerbates chronic cardiac deterioration. The hormone ghrelin, if administered soon after an MI, prevents the increase in cardiac SNA and improves early survival prognosis. Whether these early beneficial effects of ghrelin also impact on cardiac function in chronic heart failure has not yet been addressed and thus was the aim of this study. MI was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by ligating the left coronary artery. One bolus of saline (n = 7) or ghrelin (150 μg/kg, sc, n = 9) was administered within 30 min of MI. Two weeks after the infarct (or sham; n = 7), rats were anesthetized and cardiac function was evaluated using a Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter. Cardiac SNA was measured using whole-nerve electrophysiological techniques. Untreated-MI rats had a high mortality rate (50%), evidence of severe cardiac dysfunction (ejection fraction 28%; P < 0.001), and SNA was significantly elevated (102% increase; P = 0.03). In comparison, rats that received a single dose of ghrelin after the MI tended to have a lower mortality rate (25%; P = NS) and no increase in SNA, and cardiac dysfunction was attenuated (ejection fraction of 43%; P = 0.014). This study implicates ghrelin as a potential clinical treatment for acute MI but also highlights the importance of therapeutic intervention in the early stages after acute MI. Moreover, these results uncover an intricate causal relationship between early and chronic changes in the neural control of cardiac function in heart failure.
Porin Is Present in the Plasma Membrane Where It Is Concentrated in Caveolae and Caveolae-related Domains (1999)

Mitochondrial porin, or voltage-dependent anion channel, is a pore-forming protein first discovered in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Later investigations have provided indications for its presence also in other cellular membranes, including the plasma membrane, and in caveolae. This extra-mitochondrial localization is debated and no clear-cut conclusion has been reached up to now. In this work, we used biochemical and electrophysiological techniques to detect and characterize porin within isolated caveolae and caveolae-like domains (low density Triton-insoluble fractions). A new procedure was used to isolate porin from plasma membrane. The outer surface of cultured CEM cells was biotinylated by an impermeable reagent. Low density Triton-insoluble fractions were prepared from the labeled cells and used as starting material to purify a biotinylated protein with the same electrophoretic mobility and immunoreactivity of mitochondrial porin. In planar bilayers, the porin from these sources formed slightly anion-selective pores with properties indistinguishable from those of mitochondrial porin. This work thus provides a strong indication of the presence of porin in the plasma membrane, and specifically in caveolae and caveolae-like domains.
Toward a New Generation of Electrically Controllable Hygromorphic Soft Actuators (2015)

An innovative processing strategy for fabricating soft structures that possess electric- and humidity-driven active/passive actuation capabilities along with touch- and humidity-sensing properties is reported. The intrinsically multifunctional material comprises an active thin layer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly-(styrene sulfonate) in a double-layered structure with a silicone elastomer and provides an opportunity toward developing a new class of smart structures for soft robotics.
Research and Application of cross-test Strategy Based on Component (2007)

The technique of Component-Based Development obtained great promotion in recent years. It not only gives profound influence to the technique innovation of software industry, but also brings huge benefit for many other domains. However, the application of fine test methods can simplify test operation, reduce test cost and improve software quality. This paper proposes a kind of cross-test based on component according to traditional software test technique, aiming at the problems produced by new characteristics of software component technique, and verifies a telecommunication system using this test method finally.
Titian: Data Provenance Support in Spark. (2015)

Debugging data processing logic in Data-Intensive Scalable Computing (DISC) systems is a difficult and time consuming effort. Today's DISC systems offer very little tooling for debugging programs, and as a result programmers spend countless hours collecting evidence (<i>e.g.,</i> from log files) and performing trial and error debugging. To aid this effort, we built <i>Titian</i>, a library that enables <i>data provenance</i>-tracking data through transformations-in Apache Spark. Data scientists using the Titian Spark extension will be able to quickly identify the input data at the root cause of a potential bug or outlier result. Titian is built directly into the Spark platform and offers data provenance support at interactive speeds-orders-of-magnitude faster than alternative solutions-while minimally impacting Spark job performance; observed overheads for capturing data lineage rarely exceed 30% above the baseline job execution time.
Non-invasive measurement of respiratory rate in children using the photoplethysmogram (2008)

Respiratory rate is recognised as a valuable predictor of the severity of illness in children, but it is not currently feasible to measure this automatically in a triage environment. Autoregressive modelling on data from the pulse oximeter photoplethysmogram has the potential to introduce automated breathing measurement into the realm of paediatric triage. Using autoregressive modelling, it is shown that respiratory rate can be extracted from the paediatric photoplethysmogram with a mean error of 3.4 breaths per minute.
A Study on the Influence of Distance on the Participation Rate for Fitness (2002)

This paper considers the influence of distance on participation rates of fitness clubs, using GIS analysis method. The facilities studied were eight fitness clubs located in residential districts near railway stations in the Tokyo and Kansai areas. The findings of the analyses are summarized as follows1) Slant distance could be used as "gdistance", in comparison with road distance.2) The logarithmic relationship between distance and the participation rate was observed.3) Distance could explain most of the total variance for the participation rate.4) By dividing the study area for each club into four equal areas in accordance with direction, distance could further explain the variance.
Narrow Conductive Structures with High Aspect Ratios Through Single‐Pass Inkjet Printing and Evaporation‐Induced Dewetting (2014)

Inkjet printed silver lines contract to widths below 20 μm during drying on an organic planarization coating. Aspect ratios previously unprecedented with single pass inkjet printing on isotropic homogeneous substrates are obtained. This effect is caused by the subsequent evaporation of solvents from the ink, which results in a continuous increase of its surface tension and thus controlled dewetting.
A Duplication Based Algorithm for Optimizing Latency Under Throughput Constraints for Streaming Workflows (2008)

Scheduling, in many application domains, involves the optimization of multiple performance metrics. For example, application workflows with real-time constraints have strict throughput requirements and also desire a low latency or response time. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for the scheduling of workflows that act on a stream of input data. Our algorithm focuses on the two performance metrics: latency and throughput, and minimizes the latency of workflows while satisfying strict throughput requirements. We leverage pipelined, task and data parallelism in a coordinated manner to meet these objectives and investigate the benefit of task duplication in alleviating communication overheads in the pipelined schedule for different workflow characteristics. The proposed algorithm is designed for a realistic k-port communication model, where each processor can simultaneously communicate with at most k distinct processors. Evaluation using synthetic and application benchmarks shows that our algorithm consistently produces lower-latency schedules and meets throughput requirements, even when previously proposed schemes fail.
Large-scale selective preparation of porous SnO2 3D architectures and their gas-sensing property (2012)

Porous SnO2 cubes and rods were obtained by a facile chemical solution route combined with subsequent calcination and an acid-washing process. Techniques of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric-differential thermalgravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller N2 adsorption–desorption analyses were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the products. The process of inducing porosity starts with a crystalline single-phase hydroxide precursor CuSn(OH)6 formed by the co-precipitation of the metal ions from aqueous solution. Thermal decomposition of the precursors leads to an intimate mixture of CuO and porous tetragonal SnO2. The porous SnO2 3D architectures are obtained after the CuO particles are removed by acid-washing. A decomposition–aggregation–dissolution process is proposed to demonstrate the formation of such a special structure. Furthermore, gas sensing properties of the as-prepared porous SnO2 3D architectures were investigated using toluene and formaldehyde as the representative target gases. The porous SnO2 3D architectures exhibit excellent sensing performances due to the high porosity and 3D morphology, which can significantly facilitate gas diffusion and mass transportation in sensing materials. This work further hints that this new facile and economical approach can be extended to synthesize other porous metal oxide materials with a unique morphology or shape.
CSF biomarkers and clinical progression of Parkinson disease (2014)

We found evidence of a link between higher levels of αSyn at baseline and worsening of motor symptoms and cognitive speed over 2 years in PD. Increased αSyn might be a marker of more intense synaptic degeneration in PD. The results indicate that cortical amyloid pathology (low CSF Aβ42) is associated with memory decline.
Creating a hyperpolarised pseudo singlet state through polarisation transfer from parahydrogen under SABRE (2016)

The creation of magnetic states that have long lifetimes has been the subject of intense investigation, in part because of their potential to survive the time taken to travel from the point of injection in a patient to the point where a clinically diagnostic MRI trace is collected. We show here that it is possible to harness the signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) process to create such states in a hyperpolarised form that improves their detectability in seconds without the need for any chemical change by reference to the model substrate 2-aminothiazole. We achieve this by transferring Zeeman derived polarisation that is 1500 times larger than that normally available at 400 MHz with greater than 90% efficiency into the new state, which in this case has a 27 second lifetime.