gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ephrinb1 and Ephrinb2 Are Associated with Interleukin-7 Receptor α and Retard Its Internalization from the Cell Surface (2011)

IL-7 plays vital roles in thymocyte development, T cell homeostasis, and the survival of these cells. IL-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) on thymocytes and T cells is rapidly internalized upon IL-7 ligation. Ephrins (Efns) are cell surface molecules and ligands of the largest receptor kinase family, Eph kinases. We discovered that T cell-specific double gene knock-out (dKO) of Efnb1 and Efnb2 in mice led to reduced IL-7Rα expression in thymocytes and T cells, and that IL-7Rα down-regulation was accelerated in dKO CD4 cells upon IL-7 treatment. On the other hand, Efnb1 and Efnb2 overexpression on T cell lymphoma EL4 cells retarded IL-7Rα down-regulation. dKO T cells manifested compromised STAT5 activation and homeostatic proliferation, an IL-7-dependent process. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer and immunoprecipitation demonstrated that Efnb1 and Efnb2 interacted physically with IL-7Rα. Such interaction likely retarded IL-7Rα internalization, as Efnb1 and Efnb2 were not internalized. Therefore, we revealed a novel function of Efnb1 and Efnb2 in stabilizing IL-7Rα expression at the post-translational level, and a previously unknown modus operandi of Efnbs in the regulation of expression of other vital cell surface receptors. IL-7 plays vital roles in thymocyte development, T cell homeostasis, and the survival of these cells. IL-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) on thymocytes and T cells is rapidly internalized upon IL-7 ligation. Ephrins (Efns) are cell surface molecules and ligands of the largest receptor kinase family, Eph kinases. We discovered that T cell-specific double gene knock-out (dKO) of Efnb1 and Efnb2 in mice led to reduced IL-7Rα expression in thymocytes and T cells, and that IL-7Rα down-regulation was accelerated in dKO CD4 cells upon IL-7 treatment. On the other hand, Efnb1 and Efnb2 overexpression on T cell lymphoma EL4 cells retarded IL-7Rα down-regulation. dKO T cells manifested compromised STAT5 activation and homeostatic proliferation, an IL-7-dependent process. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer and immunoprecipitation demonstrated that Efnb1 and Efnb2 interacted physically with IL-7Rα. Such interaction likely retarded IL-7Rα internalization, as Efnb1 and Efnb2 were not internalized. Therefore, we revealed a novel function of Efnb1 and Efnb2 in stabilizing IL-7Rα expression at the post-translational level, and a previously unknown modus operandi of Efnbs in the regulation of expression of other vital cell surface receptors.
A silver inkjet printed ferrite NFC antenna (2014)

This paper presents a near field communication (NFC) antenna that is printed directly on a ferrite substrate using a silver inkjet printing process. Such a silver inkjet printed ferrite NFC antenna provides a minimum substrate thickness, a good operation on metal objects, and a small assembly effort. The NFC antenna performance is analysed by measurements based on the ISO/IEC standard 10373-6 for proximity identification cards test methods. For this, the antenna is connected to an NFC microchip. Measurements in a non-metal environment show that the ferrite antenna performs equally good a custom-built NFC antenna printed on photo paper substrate, despite additional losses in the ferrite substrate. In a metal environment the ferrite antenna clearly outperforms the photo paper antenna.
Efficient storage and retrieval of georeferenced objects in a semantic database for web-based applications (2000)

The use and dissemination of remotely-sensed data is an important resource that can be used for environmental, commercial and educational purposes. Because of this, the use and availability of remotely-sensed data has increased dramatically in recent years. This usefulness, however, is often overshadowed by the difficulty encountered with trying to deal with this type of data. The amount of data available is immense. Storing, searching and retrieving the data of interest is often difficult, time consuming and inefficient. This is particularly true when these types of data need to be rapidly and continually accessed via the Internet, or combined with other types of remotely-sensed data, such as combining Aerial Photography with US Census vector data. This thesis addresses some of these difficulties, a two-fold approach has been taken. First, a database schema which can store various types of remotely-sensed data in one database has been designed for use in a Semantic Object-Oriented Database System (Sem-ODB). This database schema includes in its design a linear addressing scheme for remotely-sensed objects which maps an object’s 2-dimentional (latitude/longitude) location information to a 1-dimensional integrated integer value. The advantages of using this Semantic schema with remotely-sensed data is discussed and the use of this addressing scheme to rapidly search for and retrieve point-based vector data is investigated. In conjunction with this, an algorithm for transforming a remotely-sensed range search into a number of linear segments of objects in the 1-dimensional array is investigated. The main issues and the combination of solutions involved are discussed.
Battle over rare disease drug ensnares NIH (2016)

Firms and parents of kids with fatal condition clash over drug delivery and role of agency.
Robustness, Security and Privacy in Location-Based Services for Future IoT: A Survey (2017)

Internet of Things (IoT) connects sensing devices to the Internet for the purpose of exchanging information. Location information is one of the most crucial pieces of information required to achieve intelligent and context-aware IoT systems. Recently, positioning and localization functions have been realized in a large amount of IoT systems. However, security and privacy threats related to positioning in IoT have not been sufficiently addressed so far. In this paper, we survey solutions for improving the robustness, security, and privacy of location-based services in IoT systems. First, we provide an in-depth evaluation of the threats and solutions related to both global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and non-GNSS-based solutions. Second, we describe certain cryptographic solutions for security and privacy of positioning and location-based services in IoT. Finally, we discuss the state-of-the-art of policy regulations regarding security of positioning solutions and legal instruments to location data privacy in detail. This survey paper addresses a broad range of security and privacy aspects in IoT-based positioning and localization from both technical and legal points of view and aims to give insight and recommendations for future IoT systems providing more robust, secure, and privacy-preserving location-based services.
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) binding and its effect on in vitro transcription in friedreich's ataxia triplet repeats (2009)

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are DNA mimics in which peptide-like linkages are substituted for the phosphodiester backbone. Homopyrimidine PNAs can invade double-stranded DNA containing the homologous sequence by displacing the homopyrimidine strand from the DNA duplex and forming a PNA/DNA/PNA triplex with the complementary homopurine strand. Among biologically interesting targets for triplex-forming PNA are (GAA/CTT)(n) repeats. Expansion of these repeats results in partial inhibition of transcription in the frataxin gene, causing Friedreich's ataxia. We have studied PNA binding and its effect on T7 RNA polymerase transcription in vitro for short repeats (n = 3) and for long repeats (n = 39), placed in both possible orientations relative to the T7 promoter such that either the GAA-strand, or the CTT-strand serves as the template for transcription. In all cases PNA bound specifically and efficiently to its target sequence. For the short insert, PNA binding to the template strand caused partial transcription blockage with well-defined sites of RNA product truncation in the region of the PNA-binding sequence, whereas binding to the nontemplate strand did not block transcription. However, PNA binding to long repeats, whether in the template or the nontemplate strand, resulted in a dramatic reduction of the amount of full-length transcription product, although in the case of the nontemplate strand there were no predominant truncation sites. Biological implications of these results are discussed.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Uridine 5′-Diphospho-2-acetonyl-2-deoxy-α-<scp>d</scp>-glucose as C<sub>2</sub>-Carbon Isostere of UDP-GlcNAc (2010)

2-ketoGlc, which is the C(2)-carbon isostere of GlcNAc, is a novel GlcNAc analogue with a ketone group. The corresponding glycosyltransferase donor substrate, UDP-2-ketoGlc, is necessary for synthesizing 2-ketoGlc-containing molecules and is thus highly important for metabolic polysaccharide remodeling and engineering. We report here the first chemoenzymatic synthesis of UDP-2-ketoGlc using our two-enzyme (NahK and GlmU) system in vitro.
Streaming Cross Document Entity Coreference Resolution (2010)

Previous research in cross-document entity coreference has generally been restricted to the offline scenario where the set of documents is provided in advance. As a consequence, the dominant approach is based on greedy agglomerative clustering techniques that utilize pairwise vector comparisons and thus require O(n2) space and time. In this paper we explore identifying coreferent entity mentions across documents in high-volume streaming text, including methods for utilizing orthographic and contextual information. We test our methods using several corpora to quantitatively measure both the efficacy and scalability of our streaming approach. We show that our approach scales to at least an order of magnitude larger data than previous reported methods. 1
고등학생의 진로검사 · 직업체험에 대한 취업목표, 취업준비행동 및 직무만족도의 인과관계 구조모형 검증 (2015)

본 연구는 한국고용정보원에서 실시한 ‘2013 고졸자취업진로조사(HSGES)’ 데이터를 활용하여 대학 비진학 고졸자 5,149명을 대상으로 고등학교 재학 당시에 학교 및 가정에서 실시한 진로검사(직업적성검사, 흥미검사)와 직업체험 만족도가 학생들의 취업목표 인식도와 취업준비행동 및 취업한 이후에 직장에서의 직무만족도에 미치는 영향에 대해 구조방정식 모델을 활용하여 AMOS(21.0) 프로그램으로 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등학교 재학 중에 실시한 진로검사의 만족도가 높으면, 취업목표 인식도가 높아지고 취업준비행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 고등학교 재학 중에 실시한 직업체험의 만족도가 높으면, 취업목표 인식도가 높아지고 취업준비행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 고등학교 재학 중에 취업목표 인식도가 높을수록 고등학교 졸업 후 취업한 직장에서 외적직무만족도와 내적직무만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 취업목표 인식도가 높을수록 외적직무만족도보다는 내적직무만족도에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 넷째, 고등학교 재학 중에 취업준비행동이 많을수록 졸업 후 직장에서의 외적직무만족도와 내적직무만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 취업준비행동이 많을수록 외적직무만족도보다는 내적직무만족도에 더 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 상용근로자와 기타근로자를 두 집단으로 구분하여 표본의 특성을 비교한 결과, 상용근로자 집단이 기타근로자 집단에 비해 진로검사 및 직업체험 만족도, 취업목표(업무에 대한 사전인지도 제외), 취업준비행동, 내적직무만족도, 외적직무만족도에서 평균적으로 높게 나타났으며, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다.
A beam propagation method analysis of active and passive waveguide crossings (1985)

A beam propagation method is employed to analyze the characteristics of crossed optical waveguides and related switches, based on such crossed waveguides. The complex coupling properties of passive crossings are highlighted and general design guidelines for passive devices as well as for switches are given.
Multi-Scale Wavelet Domain Residual Learning for Limited-Angle CT Reconstruction (2017)

Limited-angle computed tomography (CT) is often used in clinical applications such as C-arm CT for interventional imaging. However, CT images from limited angles suffers from heavy artifacts due to incomplete projection data. Existing iterative methods require extensive calculations but can not deliver satisfactory results. Based on the observation that the artifacts from limited angles have some directional property and are globally distributed, we propose a novel multi-scale wavelet domain residual learning architecture, which compensates for the artifacts. Experiments have shown that the proposed method effectively eliminates artifacts, thereby preserving edge and global structures of the image.
Disambiguating Robot Positioning Using Laser and Geomagnetic Signatures (2004)

This article proposes a technique for position disambiguating of mobile robots using laser and geomagnetic signatures in indoor terrains. Referring to the geomagnetic signature, magnetic field disturbances are used as unique recognition signatures.
Novel nanomagnetic materials for high-frequency RF applications (2011)

This paper describes leading-edge research to explore and demonstrate new and unique nanoscale magnetic composites for high-frequency RF applications. Passivated cobalt nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and dispersed in epoxy to fabricate nanocomposite thick films. The high permeability comes from enhanced coupling between the metal nanoparticles while the insulating polymer matrix prevents eddy current loss and improves stability with frequency. Test vehicles were fabricated to demonstrate integration of these composites in organic substrates and to characterize the high-frequency properties. The frequency-dependent magnetic properties in 100–500 MHz range were extracted by impedance spectroscopy. Magnetic toroids were mechanically pressed with the metal-insulator powder. By refining the processing, permeability of 2.7 was demonstrated at VHF frequencies. The loss tangent was less than 0.04 at these frequencies. The GHz frequency-dependent material characteristics of the magneto-dielectric films were extracted from corner-probing of parallel-plate resonators and strip inductors. By engineering the composite structures at nanoscale, a combination of stable permeability of ∼2 at 1–5 GHz and permittivity of 7, not previously reported, was achieved with polymer composites for antenna miniaturization. The magnetic nanomaterials with low loss, described in this paper, can benefit several other RF and power components, leading to their miniaturization and performance enhancement in emerging RF sub-systems. The metal composite structures also lead to high permittivity in the GHz frequencies which can benefit such RF components as antennas, by allowing closer impedance matching with air.
Zur Synthese von (<i>Z</i>)‐ und (<i>E</i>)‐3‐(1<i>H</i>‐Imidazol‐4‐yl)‐2‐propenamin und einigen 3‐(1<i>H</i>‐Imidazol‐4‐yl)propanaminen (1992)

Synthesis of ( Z )‐ and ( E )‐3‐(1 H ‐imidazol‐4‐yl)‐2‐propenamine and Some 3‐(1 H ‐imidazol‐4‐yl)propanamines 3‐(1 H ‐Imidazol‐4‐yl)propanamine ( 6 , homohistamine), an essential intermediate for the synthesis of potent impromidine‐type histamine H 2 receptor agonists, is efficiently prepared from trans ‐urocanic acid ( 1 ) by reduction of the methyl ester 2 and conversion to the saturated amide 4 . Dehydration with thionyl chloride yields the nitrile 5 which is subsequently reduced to 6 . Side‐chain methylated 3‐(1 H ‐imidazol‐4‐yl)propanamines 12 are available from 1 H ‐imidazole‐4‐carbaldehyde ( 7 ) and 1‐(1 H ‐imidazol‐4‐yl)ethanone ( 8 ), respectively, via unsaturated nitriles 10 and stepwise reduction. Cyclization of the appropriate 4‐bromo‐5‐oxohexanenitriles 14α with formamidine in liquid ammonia and reduction of the obtained nitriles 15 furnishes ring‐methylated amines 16 . ( E )‐3‐(1 H ‐Imidazol‐4‐yl)‐2‐propenamine [( E )‐ 23 ] is obtained in six steps from the trans ‐ester 2 while ( Z )‐ 23 is accessible by treating 7 with triphenyl(2‐phthalimidoethyl)phosphonium bromide ( 17 ) and final deprotection. These primary amines are valuable intermediates for the synthesis of impromidine analogues.
Formas desiguales para decir la igualdad en el "lenguaje ciudadano" de las constituciones mexicana y española (2008)

espanolEl objetivo de este articulo es analizar como el lenguaje constitucional se articula en funcion del caracter especifico de un tipo de texto cuya naturaleza es doble. Por un lado, es un texto permanente que permite lecturas necesariamente variables. Por otro lado, se trata de un texto que tiende por igual a la generalizacion, cuando se refiere al conjunto social, y a la exhaustividad, porque debe prever toda la complejidad de las relaciones sociales y politicas en un determinado sistema politico. Para alcanzar este objetivo, examinamos la formulacion linguistica desigual del principio de igualdad en las constituciones mexicana y espanola (1917 y 1978 respectivamente), desde una perspectiva comparada y diacronica y apoyandonos en algunos de los postulados principales de la linguistica textual. Exponemos, brevemente, las razones que pueden explicar tal desigualdad y vemos como a pesar de las diferencias que separan ambos textos a nivel de organizacion del discurso, debido sobre todo a factores contextuales, es posible reconducir ambas normas a un mismo sistema conceptual que vive en un lenguaje flexible y actual, �ciudadano�. EnglishThe aim of this paper is to see how constitutional language is articulated depending on the specific nature of the constitutional text, which is seen as being dual. On one hand, it is a permanent text that, at the same time, will necessarily have variable readings. On the other hand, it is a text which tends equally towards generalization, when it refers to society as a whole, and towards comprehensiveness, because it must foresee the full complexity of social and political relations within a certain political system. Thus we examine the �unequal� linguistic formulation of the principle of equality in the Mexican and Spanish Constitutions (1917 and 1978 respectively). We adopt a comparative and diachronic perspective and rely on some of the principal postulates of the Textual Linguistics approach. We would demonstrate, in brief, the reasons for such inequality and see how �despite the differences between the texts at the discourse organization level, owing especially to contextual factors� it is possible to trace both legal codes back to the same conceptual system: a system which resides in a flexible and contemporary 'language of the citizen�.
Convoys of social support: An intergenerational analysis. (1993)

Within the Convoy Model, social networks are viewed as dynamic hierarchic structures surrounding the individual throughout life. As a step toward empirical definition of convoy structure and function across the life span, a bicultural sample (N = 159) of young adult women, their mothers, and their grandmothers were queried. Comparable results were obtained across generations and cultures with regard to network size, the amount of support provided by the network, and the nomination of close family members as primary sources of support. However, there was a marked shift across generations in the balance of familial versus friendship relations. Younger persons included fewer family members and more friends in their networks, and they received more support from friends. These cross-sectional results are consistent with the Convoy Model and suggest that longitudinal research is warranted.
The effects of dietary mannaoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks (2000)

The ability of different enteric pathogens and coliforms to trigger agglutination of yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, NCYC 1026) and a yeast cell wall preparation (MOS) was examined. Five of seven strains of Escherichia coli and 7 of 10 strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis agglutinated MOS and Sac. cerevisiae cells. Strains of Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella pullorum, and Campylobacter did not lead to agglutination. Two strains that agglutinated MOS (S. typhimurium 29E and Salmonella dublin) and one nonagglutinating strain (S. typhimurium 27A) were selected as challenge organisms for in vivo studies in chicks under controlled conditions. In a series of three trials in which 3-d-old chicks were orally challenged with 10(4) cfu of S. typhimurium 29E, birds receiving 4,000 ppm of dietary MOS had reduced cecal S. typhimurium 29E concentrations (5.40 vs 4.01 log cfu/ g; P < 0.05) at Day 10. In a second series of three trials with S. dublin as challenge organism, the number of birds that tested salmonella positive in the ceca at Day 10 was less when MOS was part of the diet (90 vs 56%; P < 0.05). To test the effect of MOS on concentrations of bacteria that do not express Type 1 fimbriae, a challenge trial was conducted with S. typhimurium 27A. However, strain 27A did not colonize the birds sufficiently to evaluate whether MOS affected its cecal concentration. Mannanoligosaccharide did not significantly reduce the concentrations of cecal coliforms (P < 0.10) although they were numerically lower. It had no effect on cecal concentrations of lactobacilli, enterococci, anaerobic bacteria, lactate, volatile fatty acid, or cecal pH.
Controllable performance system regulator (2007)

The concept of time-varying state feedback control of a system under the desired closed loop scate transition matrix is introduced. By setting the parameters or the preset state transition matrix, the time-varying state feedback can be designed. The theorem and design method are derived and an example of motor control withany desired performance can be achieved under the design of time-varying state feedback regular. By the optimal reduced order method, any system with desired performance can be designed in the same way.
An Equivalence Principle for the Incorporation of Favorable Mutations in Asexual Populations (2006)

Rapid evolution of asexual populations, such as that of cancer cells or of microorganisms developing drug resistance, can include the simultaneous spread of distinct beneficial mutations. We demonstrate that evolution in such cases is driven by the fitness effects and appearance times of only a small minority of favorable mutations. The complexity of the mutation-selection process is thereby greatly reduced, and much of the evolutionary dynamics can be encapsulated in two parameters-an effective selection coefficient and effective rate of beneficial mutations. We confirm this theoretical finding and estimate the effective parameters for evolving populations of fluorescently labeled Escherichia coli. The effective parameters constitute a simple description and provide a natural standard for comparing adaptation between species and across environments.
How to develop dispatching switch based on CTI (2002)

This paper discussed how to develop the dispatching switch based on CTI.It used the Harris dispatching switch as example to introduce the structure of its hardware and software and the process of calling.It also analyzed how to implement those functions of dispatching system.In the end,this paper compared the system based on CTI with the traditional one.So we can see the advantages of CTI distinctly.
Speaker verification routines for ISDN and UPT access and security using artificial neural networks and time encoded speech (TES) data (1992)

An initial investigation into the use of time encoded speech (TES) fixed size, fixed dimension A-matrices as the input layer of a simple fast artificial neural network (FANN) configured to identify the acoustic output of ten cooperative male imposters each articulating twenty versions of the same phrase produced very favourable indications which led to the work described in the paper. It would appear that the TES data structures involved may be well matched to the demands of artificial neural network architectures when these are applied to some of the important time-sequence learning requirements inherent in the significant task of speaker verification. Such a combination may well enable these very powerful FANN analysis and classification tools to be applied to advantage to the spoken utterances of voice network users under realistic operational conditions.