gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffusion filtering of graph signals and its use in recommendation systems (2016)

This paper presents diffusion filtering as a method to smooth signals defined on the nodes of a graph or network. Diffusion filtering considers the given signals as initial temperature distributions in the nodes and diffuses heat through the edges of the graph. The filtered signal is determined by the accumulated temperatures over time at each node. We show multiple other interpretations of diffusion filtering and describe how it can be generalized to encompass a wide class of networks making it suitable for real-world applications. We prove that diffused signals are stable to perturbations in the underlying network. Further, we demonstrate how diffusion filtering can be applied to improve the performance of recommendation systems by considering the problem of predicting ratings from a signal processing perspective.
Low Resolution Single Neural Network Based Face Recognition (2007)

This research paper deals with the implementation of face recognition using neural network (recognition classifier) on low-resolution images. The proposed system contains two parts, preprocessing and face classification. The preprocessing part converts original images into blurry image using average filter and equalizes the histogram of those image (lighting normalization). The bi-cubic interpolation function is applied onto equalized image to get resized image. The resized image is actually low-resolution image providing faster processing for training and testing. The preprocessed image becomes the input to neural network classifier, which uses back-propagation algorithm to recognize the familiar faces. The crux of proposed algorithm is its beauty to use single neural network as classifier, which produces straightforward approach towards face recognition. The single neural network consists of three layers with Log sigmoid, Hyperbolic tangent sigmoid and Linear transfer function respectively. The training function, which is incorporated in our work, is Gradient descent with momentum (adaptive learning rate) back propagation. The proposed algorithm was trained on ORL (Olivetti Research Laboratory) database with 5 training images. The empirical results provide the accuracy of 94.50%, 93.00% and 90.25% for 20, 30 and 40 subjects respectively, with time delay of 0.0934 sec per image.
Detection of low-frequency magnetic signals in a magnetostrictive fiber-optic sensor with suppressed residual signal (1989)

A correlation is presented between experimental data obtained under various operating conditions and a modified coherent rotation model which predicts the behavior of the residual signal and the sideband noise. The authors identify an operating regime that eliminates the residual signal and gives rise to a reduction in noise levels by a factor of five over previously reported results. Minimum detectable fields of 11+or-2pT/ square root Hz at 1 Hz and 38+or-8 pT/ square root Hz at 0.2 Hz are achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
NSAIDs. Are there any differences? (1993)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most widely prescribed groups of medication in the United States. While the selection of the most appropriate NSAID should be based on therapeutic efficacy, adverse reaction profile, concurrent therapy, simplicity of dosage regimen, patient acceptance and compliance, cost, and the specific patient's medical profile, prescribing habits are often not based on specific guidelines. The choice of NSAID is further complicated by the wide variety of available agents; over 20 NSAIDs are presently available to the primary care physician. None of the NSAIDs is best for all of the criteria that are considered when selecting an NSAID; therefore, the physician needs to be able to determine which agent provides the desired benefits while outweighing the potential risks. This article provides a rational approach to prescribing NSAIDs in the primary health care setting.
Avalanche Hazards in Alaska - Abstract (1987)

Abstract Over 30% of Alaska is subject to snow avalanche activity. Steep slopes and heavy snowfall combine to cause avalanches that become a hazard as remote mountain areas are used and developed. While mapping of individual slopes in remote areas that might be hazardous to backcountry travellers is prohibitively general, mapping of areas which are or are likely to be developed is necessary for the safe location of permanent structures. Because settlement in mountainous areas of Alaska is relatively recent, very little data is available on rare, very large avalanche events of the type likely to destroy property. Indirect evidence of past events can be gleaned from knowledge of snowpack characteristics, avalanche dynamics, and analysis of terrain, but little work has been done to date in Alaska and less published. Once mapping has been completed, mitigation of avalanche hazards can be accomplished through avalanche zoning or sometimes engineering.
Preparation of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Thin Films by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (1994)

Strontium titanate ( SrTiO 3 ) thin films were grown by means of the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method using dipivaloylmethane (DPM) chelate of strontium (II) [ Sr(DPM) 2 ] and titanium tetraisopropoxide as source materials. In the preliminary experiments, the deposition behaviors of SrO and TiO 2 films from respective sources were examined separately. As-grown perovskite single-phase SrTiO 3 films were obtained at the substrate temperature of 750° C under the reduced pressure of 530 Pa. The films deposited on the MgO (100) substrate showed high (100) orientation and good optical transmission spectra, with the refractive index of 2.35. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss were 150–250 and 0.01–0.04, respectively. The leakage current density of the 0.38 µ m-thick films was approximately 3×10 -8 A/cm 2 at 3 V.
Nanomaterial Patterning in 3D Printing (2020)

The synergistic integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing technologies can enable the creation of architecture and devices with an unprecedented level of functional integration. In particular, a multiscale 3D printing approach can seamlessly interweave nanomaterials with diverse classes of materials to impart, program, or modulate a wide range of functional properties in an otherwise passive 3D printed object. However, achieving such multiscale integration is challenging as it requires the ability to pattern, organize, or assemble nanomaterials in a 3D printing process. This review highlights the latest advances in the integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing, achieved by leveraging mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, or thermal phenomena. Ultimately, it is envisioned that such approaches can enable the creation of multifunctional constructs and devices that cannot be fabricated with conventional manufacturing approaches.
From Smart Farming towards Agriculture 5.0: A Review on Crop Data Management (2020)

The information that crops offer is turned into profitable decisions only when efficiently managed. Current advances in data management are making Smart Farming grow exponentially as data have become the key element in modern agriculture to help producers with critical decision-making. Valuable advantages appear with objective information acquired through sensors with the aim of maximizing productivity and sustainability. This kind of data-based managed farms rely on data that can increase efficiency by avoiding the misuse of resources and the pollution of the environment. Data-driven agriculture, with the help of robotic solutions incorporating artificial intelligent techniques, sets the grounds for the sustainable agriculture of the future. This paper reviews the current status of advanced farm management systems by revisiting each crucial step, from data acquisition in crop fields to variable rate applications, so that growers can make optimized decisions to save money while protecting the environment and transforming how food will be produced to sustainably match the forthcoming population growth.
Effect of Oxygen on Growth of <i>Mycobacterium ulcerans</i> in the BACTEC System (1998)

The effect of low oxygen concentration on the growth of 15 strains of Mycobacterium ulcerans was evaluated in the BACTEC system. Reduced oxygen tension enhanced the growth of M. ulcerans, suggesting that this organism has a preference for microaerobic environments. Application of this observation may improve rates of isolation of M. ulcerans in primary culture from clinical samples and promote isolation of the bacterium from environmental sources.
Impact of β-adrenergic agonist on Na<sup>+</sup>channel and Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase expression in alveolar type II cells (1998)

It has been shown that short-term (hours) treatment with beta-adrenergic agonists can stimulate lung liquid clearance via augmented Na+ transport across alveolar epithelial cells. This increase in Na+ transport with short-term beta-agonist treatment has been explained by activation of the Na+ channel or Na+-K+-ATPase by cAMP. However, because the effect of sustained stimulation (days) with beta-adrenergic agonists on the Na+ transport mechanism is unknown, we examined this question in cultured rat alveolar type II cells. Na+-K+-ATPase activity was increased in these cells by 10(-4) M terbutaline in an exposure time-dependent manner over 7 days in culture. This increased activity was also associated with an elevation in transepithelial current that was inhibited by amiloride. The enzyme's activity was also augmented by continuous treatment with dibutyryl-cAMP (DBcAMP) for 5 days. This increase in Na+-K+-ATPase activity by 10(-4) M terbutaline was associated with an increased expression of alpha1-Na+-K+-ATPase mRNA and protein. beta-Adrenergic agonist treatment also enhanced the expression of the alpha-subunit of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). These increases in gene expression were inhibited by propranolol. Amiloride also suppressed this long-term effect of terbutaline and DBcAMP on Na+-K+-ATPase activity. In conclusion, beta-adrenergic agonists enhance the gene expression of Na+-K+-ATPase, which results in an increased quantity and activity of the enzyme. This heightened expression is also associated with augmented ENaC expression. Although the cAMP system is involved, the inhibition of enhanced enzyme activity with amiloride suggests that increased Na+ entry at the apical surface plays a role in this process.
Components contributing to beef flavor. Analysis of the headspace volatiles of beef broth (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComponents contributing to beef flavor. Analysis of the headspace volatiles of beef brothHenk W. Brinkman, Harald Copier, Joop J. M. De Leuw, and Sing Boen TjanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1972, 20, 2, 177–181Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60180a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60180a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views344Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Applications of Ion Chromatography for Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (2012)

This is a comprehensive source of information on the application of ion chromatography (IC) in the analysis of pharmaceutical drugs and biologicals. This book, with contributors from academia, pharma, the biotech industry, and instrument manufacturing, presents the different perspectives, experience, and expertise of the thought leaders of IC in a comprehensive manner. It explores potential IC applications in different aspects of product development and quality control testing. In addition, an appendix section gives information on critical physical and chromatographic parameters related to IC and information on current manufacturers of IC systems, columns, and other components. 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Improving mechanical seal reliability with advanced computational engineering tools, part 2: CFD and application examples (2008)

The use of finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to predict the performance of mechanical seals has become well established in recent years. This second feature complements that published last month on FEA and discusses the background behind the application of CFD to mechanical seal installations. It then describes a case study in which seal overheating was solved using both FEA with integrated fluid film tribology model and CFD techniques.
Detection of Antibodies to<i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>and<i>Ehrlichia chaffeensis</i>Antigens in Sera of Korean Patients by Western Immunoblotting and Indirect Immunofluorescence Assays (2003)

Two hundred seventy one serum samples from South Korean patients were tested to detect antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum (the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent) and Ehrlichia chaffeensis (the human monocytic ehrlichiosis agent) by indirect fluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) and the Western blot assay. These sera were collected from patients with symptoms of high fever. The rate of seropositivity for Orientia tsutsugamushi was 50.9% by IFA at the Public Health & Environmental Research Institute and National Institute of Health in South Korea. By IFA, 30 (11.1%) and 39 (14.4%) of the serum samples reacted with A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis antigens, respectively. By the Western blot assays, 24 (8.9%) and 29 (10.7%) of the serum samples reacted with purified A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis protein antigens, respectively. This report strengthens other evidence regarding the presence of A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis infections in humans in South Korea.
Hyperinsulinemia and its impact on obesity and insulin resistance. (1992)

The impact of hyperinsulinemia on the establishment of insulin resistance was investigated. This was done by treating normal rats with insulin for 3-4 days via osmotic minipumps, and by comparing them with saline-treated controls. Hyperinsulinemia produced by prior insulin treatment (i.e. prior insulinization of the normal rats) resulted in a well tolerated hypoglycemia, increased food intake and body weight gain. Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps were carried out at the end of the insulinization to assess the acute effects of insulin in control and insulinized rats. It was found that prior insulinization of normal rats resulted in increases in total insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and hepatic lipogenesis, while hepatic glucose production (HGP) was normally suppressed by the hormone. Glucose utilization index by individual tissues was then measured (labelled 2-deoxy-D-glucose method). Prior insulinization of normal rats resulted in increased insulin-stimulated glucose utilization index of white adipose tissue, accompanied by increased insulin-stimulated de novo lipogenesis and glycogen synthesis. In contrast, prior insulinization of normal rats resulted in a decreased insulin-stimulated glucose utilization index of most muscles studied. The decreased insulin-stimulated muscle glucose utilization index brought about by prior insulinization persisted in adrenomedullectomized or propranolol-treated rats, ruling out a role of catecholamines in the effects observed. It is concluded that hyperinsulinemia is a pathological driving force in producing both incipient obesity by overstimulating white adipose tissue and liver metabolic activity, and concomitantly producing incipient muscle insulin resistance.
The Rapid Burster and its type II burst profiles (1991)

We have studied type II bursts from the Rapid Burster with durations between ∼ 2 and ∼ 680 s. Over this large range of burst durations the burst profiles are not time-invariant; however, the time-invariance approximately holds over limited ranges of burst durations. Very globally, with increasing burst duration the relative length of the approximately flat top of the bursts increases at the expense of the number of oscillations in the ‘ringing’ during burst decay. In bursts which last < 25 s, the ringing manifests itself in the power-density spectra as two, sometimes three, broad peaks. The corresponding periods are strongly correlated with the burst durations; they vary by a factor of up to ∼ 5, but their ratios remain approximately constant.
FAF-Drugs2: Free ADME/tox filtering tool to assist drug discovery and chemical biology projects (2008)

We have developed FAF-Drugs2 to facilitate compound collection preparation, prior to (or after) experimental screening or virtual screening computations. Users can select to apply various filtering thresholds and add rules as needed for a given project. As it stands, FAF-Drugs2 implements numerous filtering rules (23 physicochemical rules and 204 substructure searching rules) that can be easily tuned.
Relation of heart rate to percentV˙<scp>o</scp> <sub>2 peak</sub> during submaximal exercise in the heat (2003)

We tested the hypothesis that elevation in heart rate (HR) during submaximal exercise in the heat is related, in part, to increased percentage of maximal O(2) uptake (%Vo(2 max)) utilized due to reduced maximal O(2) uptake (Vo(2 max)) measured after exercise under the same thermal conditions. Peak O(2) uptake (Vo(2 peak)), O(2) uptake, and HR during submaximal exercise were measured in 22 male and female runners under four environmental conditions designed to manipulate HR during submaximal exercise and Vo(2 peak). The conditions involved walking for 20 min at approximately 33% of control Vo(2 max) in 25, 35, 40, and 45 degrees C followed immediately by measurement of Vo(2 peak) in the same thermal environment. Vo(2 peak) decreased progressively (3.77 +/- 0.19, 3.61 +/- 0.18, 3.44 +/- 0.17, and 3.13 +/- 0.16 l/min) and HR at the end of the submaximal exercise increased progressively (107 +/- 2, 112 +/- 2, 120 +/- 2, and 137 +/- 2 beats/min) with increasing ambient temperature (T(a)). HR and %Vo(2 peak) increased in an identical fashion with increasing T(a). We conclude that elevation in HR during submaximal exercise in the heat is related, in part, to the increase in %Vo(2 peak) utilized, which is caused by reduced Vo(2 peak) measured during exercise in the heat. At high T(a), the dissociation of HR from %Vo(2 peak) measured after sustained submaximal exercise is less than if Vo(2 max) is assumed to be unchanged during exercise in the heat.
A Novel Class of Organosulfur Electrodes for Energy Storage (1989)

A broad class of organosulfur compounds is discussed which may offer unique advantages as positive storage electrodes in advanced battery systems. The organosulfur electrodes operate between ambient and 150°C, are inexpensive, and inert to many metals. In addition, the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the organosulfur electrodes may be varied in a predictable way. At room temperature these materials may be crystalline, liquid, or polymeric. Batteries based on the novel organosulfur positive electrodes and sodium metal negative electrodes have theoretical energy densities ranging from 350 to 600 Wh/kg. The system which has to date been studied in most detail is the sodium/tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) couple which has a theoretical energy density of 360 Wh/kg and an open‐circuit voltage of 2.3 V. Laboratory cells have been assembled and tested with maximum practical energy densities of over 110 Wh/kg at zero current drain and volumetric energy densities of 0.196 Wh/cm3. These cells have been cycled between 10 and 90% of available capacity at power densities of 6 Wh/kg at an energy density of 80 Wh/kg and overall energy efficiency of 75%. Some experimental batteries delivered peak power densities of 40–60 W/kg for a period of a minute or more. Further, preliminary testing of batteries using simple alkyl disulfide electrodes have resulted in full charge/discharge cycles at current densities of 10 mA/cm2 at 105°C.
High-Quality Face Image SR Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (2017)

We propose a novel single face image super-resolution method, which named Face Conditional Generative Adversarial Network(FCGAN), based on boundary equilibrium generative adversarial networks. Without taking any facial prior information, our method can generate a high-resolution face image from a low-resolution one. Compared with existing studies, both our training and testing phases are end-to-end pipeline with little pre/post-processing. To enhance the convergence speed and strengthen feature propagation, skip-layer connection is further employed in the generative and discriminative networks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our model achieves competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art models.
Reduction of CT artifacts due to respiratory motion in a slowly rotating SPECT/CT (2008)

The GE Hawkeye-4 is a low-dose CT system mounted on the gantry of a SPECT scanner. With a scanning time of 23 s per full rotation, which corresponds to 4–5 normal breathing cycles, respiratory motion may induce image artifacts in thorax studies. We have developed a method to reduce these artifacts by correcting for the axial component of the respiratory motion, utilizing respiratory phase information concerning the breathing pattern, obtained by the use of a pneumatic belt-system. The method is based on segmentation of the projection data into subsets corresponding to different motion-amplitudes, followed by generation of low quality, but motion-free image estimates. The method has been tested with simulations based on a digital phantom and also with simulations based on real CT data. Our results show that significant reduction in artifacts can be achieved by correcting for the axial component of the respiratory motion. In conclusion, this is a promising method for reduction of respiratory motion artifacts in a slowly rotating SPECT/CT system.
Subconjunctival administration of bucillamine suppresses choroidal neovascularization in rat. (2002)

Subconjunctival injection of bucillamine significantly reduced the leakage and size of experimental CNV. These results suggest that bucillamine may be beneficial in treating CNV and that further studies can be considered to evaluate this possibility.