gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Point-to-Multipoint Stereo Audio Transmitting System Based on Bluetooth (2010)

According to the problem of the stereo audio transmission based on Bluetooth, the Bluetooth Advanced Audio Distribution Protocol (A2DP) and Bluetooth audio codec technology is introduced firstly, and the strategy for the Bluetooth point-to-multipoint audio transmission is designed. Meanwhile, the hardware for the audio sender and receiver based on the single-chip Bluetooth proposal are designed, and the data processing flow for the sender and receiver is discussed in detail. At last, the test of the radio frequency and audio quality for the system is presented. It is proved that the system resolves the problem of the Bluetooth stereo audio transmission, and implements the synchronization between the left and right channels.
A New Test for the Evaluation of Disability Glare (1991)

We describe a new glare test that uses low contrast letters and a variable surround glare source. The test is easy to administer clinically and all test targets, luminance levels, glare geometry, and viewing conditions are well controlled. We found the most useful index of disability glare to be the difference in visual acuity scores for the low contrast chart in the no-glare and high-glare conditions and refer to this as the disability glare index (DGI). We tested a group of normal subjects who were divided into younger (age 15 to 41 years) and older (age 50 to 82 years) groups. The mean DGI value for the older group (10.2 +/- 4.8) was significantly higher than that for the younger group (2.3 +/- 1.9). The DGI is a better discriminator between the two groups than either high or low contrast visual acuity. We attribute the significantly higher DGI values in the older group to increased intraocular light scatter. We find DGI is poorly correlated with high contrast visual acuity (r = 0.33). Our findings suggest that this test of disability glare is sensitive to relatively modest changes in the ocular media. It is a potentially useful tool in detection and assessment of subtle media disturbances and in monitoring changes in the ocular media over a period of time.
베르그손(H. Bergson)의 `생명`과 모레노(J. Moreno)의 `자발성과 창조성` 연구 (2017)

본 연구는 베르그손의 생명론과 모레노의 자발성과 창조성을 비교 검토하면서 생명개념의 다 양성을 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 아울러 최헌진의 생명굿과 시인 김지하의 생명개념을 비교하면서 생명과 물질의 일원론적 통합의 가능성을 탐색한다. 베르그손은 그의 주저 ≪창조적 진화≫ 에서 허버트 스펜서와 찰스 다윈의 진화론을 비판적으로 검토하면서 생명과 물질의 특성을 설 명한다. 생명은 스펜서의 사회진화론과 다윈의 생물진화론에서 밝혀진 것처럼 기계적이고 목적론적인 진화과정을 거쳐서 형성되는 물질과는 달리 진화(시간)의 흐름의 결을 거스르는 `생명의 약동`이 지속적으로 작용하는 과정에서 생성되는 것이다. 모레노의 자발성은 곧 베르그손 의 `생명의 약동`과 유사한 개념으로 우주만물에 내재해있는 근원적인 힘이며, 이 자발성의 최상의 작용과 상태가 창조성이다. 김지하에 의하면 생명의 정의는 모든 것은 변한다는 전제하에 규정내릴 수 있으며, 생명과 비생명, 물질과 비물질의 구분 또한 얀치, 프리고진 등의 자연 과학적 탐구에 의해 무의미해지고 있다. 베르그손과 모레노 공히 모든 존재는 끊임없이 살아 움직이면서 변화와 생성을 반복하기 때문에 우리 인간 역시 우주에서 왔으며 다시 우주로 돌 아가는 우주적 존재라고 본다. 이와 같은 생명개념의 다양성과 차이점을 파악하여 확장되고 심화된 생명이해를 통해 사이코드라마의 무대에서 등장하는 주인공과 주인공의 삶에서 등장하는 문제를 보다 폭넓게 이해할 수 있을 것이다.
Towards ultimate motion estimation: combining highest accuracy with real-time performance (2005)

Although variational methods are among the most accurate techniques for estimating the optical flow, they have not yet entered the field of real-time vision. Main reason is the great popularity of standard numerical schemes that are easy to implement, however, at the expense of being too slow for real-time performance. In our paper we address this problem in two ways: (i) we present an improved version of the highly accurate technique of Brox et al. (2004). Thereby we show that a separate robustification of the constancy assumptions is very useful, in particular if the I-norm is used as penalizer. As a result, a method is obtained that yields the lowest angular errors in the literature, (ii) We develop an efficient numerical scheme for the proposed approach that allows real-time performance for sequences of size 160 /spl times/ 720. To this end, we combine two hierarchical strategies: a coarse-to-fine warping strategy as implementation of a fixed point iteration for a non-convex optimisation problem and a nonlinear full multigrid method - a so called full approximation scheme (FAS) - for solving the highly nonlinear equation systems at each warping level. In the experimental section the advantage of the proposed approach becomes obvious: Outperforming standard numerical schemes by two orders of magnitude frame rates of six high quality flow fields per second are obtained on a 3.06 GHz Pentium4 PC.
Comparative Study on Performance of IGZO Transistors With Sputtered and Atomic Layer Deposited Channel Layer (2019)

The structural, chemical, and electrical properties of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) films by magnetron sputtering and atomic layer deposition (ALD) were investigated where both a-IGZO films had a comparable cation composition. The ALD-derived a-IGZO film exhibited the higher atomic packing density, the effective suppression of trap-like oxygen vacancy defect (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O</sub> ), and the enhancement in the hybridization of the sp orbital of In, Ga, and Zn cations compared to those of the sputtered a-IGZO film. Hence, a significant improvement in terms of the field-effect mobility was observed for the thin-film transistors with an In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.50</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.34</sub> Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.16</sub> O channel by ALD (36.6 cm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\textsf {2}}/\text{V}\cdot \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) compared to that of the sputtered In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.48</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.38</sub> Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.14</sub> O transistor (20.1 cm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\textsf {2}}/\text{V}\cdot \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ); the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {ON/OFF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ratios for both were ~10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> . Simultaneously, the gate bias stress stability and photobias stress stability were also improved for the IGZO transistors with an ALD-derived channel, which can be explained by its reduced trap-like V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O</sub> density.
Identification by Mass Spectrometry of CD8<sup>+</sup>-T-Cell<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>Epitopes within the Rv0341 Gene Product (2002)

Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins that can provide immunological protection against tuberculosis is essential for the development of a more effective vaccine. To identify new vaccine targets, we have used immunoaffinity chromatography to isolate class I HLA-A*0201-peptide complexes from M. tuberculosis-infected cells and sequenced the isolated peptides by mass spectrometry. From this material, we have identified three peptides derived from a single M. tuberculosis protein that is encoded by the M. tuberculosis Rv0341 gene. Although no known protein encoded by the Rv0341 gene has been described, it is predicted to give rise to a 479-amino-acid protein with a molecular mass of 43.9 kDa. The three peptides identified are all nested and were found to be antigenic, in that they were capable of inducing peptide-specific, CD8(+) T cells from healthy blood donors in vitro and capable of recognizing and lysing M. tuberculosis-infected dendritic cells. This methodology provides a powerful tool for the identification of M. tuberculosis proteins that can be evaluated as potential vaccine candidates.
A computational method for the LU decomposition of rectangular matrices and its implications to the realization of 2-D digital filters (1991)

Investigates the realization of 2-D digital filters based on the lower-upper triangular (LU) decomposition of the coefficient matrix. Based on QR decomposition, a novel numerical method that has some important characteristics is proposed to obtain the LU structure. Furthermore, the QR structure can be used for the realization and possesses good numerical characteristics in terms of the approximate realization scheme and the coefficients' values in the structure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Management of the complications of endoscopic submucosal dissection (2011)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is currently widely accepted as a standard treatment option for early gastrointestinal neoplasms in Korea. However, ESD has technical difficulties and a longer procedure time than conventional endoscopic resection. So it may have a higher risk of complications than conventional endoscopic resection techniques. We, the ESD study group of Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, have experienced many complications, mostly treated by endoscopic or conservative management. Here, we introduce and share our experiences for management of post ESD complications and review published papers on the topic.
Vibroseis deconvolution: a comparison of cross‐correlation and frequency‐domain sweep deconvolution (2001)

Ideally, traditional vibroseis processing produces a band‐limited zero‐phase Klauder wavelet through cross‐correlation of the sweep with the recorded signal. An alternative wavelet processing method involves deconvolving the sweep from the recorded vibroseis trace. This deconvolution can be achieved through frequency‐domain division. We compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of sweep deconvolution versus cross‐correlation on synthetic and real data.
A Comparative Genomics Approach to Prediction of New Members of Regulons (2001)

Identifying the complete transcriptional regulatory network for an organism is a major challenge. For each regulatory protein, we want to know all the genes it regulates, that is, its regulon. Examples of known binding sites can be used to estimate the binding specificity of the protein and to predict other binding sites. However, binding site predictions can be unreliable because determining the true specificity of the protein is difficult because of the considerable variability of binding sites. Because regulatory systems tend to be conserved through evolution, we can use comparisons between species to increase the reliability of binding site predictions. In this article, an approach is presented to evaluate the computational predictions of regulatory sites. We combine the prediction of transcription units having orthologous genes with the prediction of transcription factor binding sites based on probabilistic models. We augment the sets of genes in Escherichia coli that are expected to be regulated by two transcription factors, the cAMP receptor protein and the fumarate and nitrate reduction regulatory protein, through a comparison with the Haemophilus influenzae genome. At the same time, we learned more about the regulatory networks of H. influenzae, a species with much less experimental knowledge than E. coli. By studying orthologous genes subject to regulation by the same transcription factor, we also gained understanding of the evolution of the entire regulatory systems.
Analysis of energy consumption and powertrain parameters optimization of BEV based on running cycle (2010)

Through the analysis of Running cycle of Changsha City, and according to the automobile running equation, the minimal energy of driving and braking under the sampling points of 0.1 second interval is analyzed and summed, the recycle of braking energy of motor is analyzed, two formulas for calculating the energy consumption of BEV are derived based on the running and braking cycle, the expression of energy consumption per unit distance is also derived. The optimization objective function for powertrain ratio are established with the energy consumption per unit distance and the dynamic factor under the Changsha loop running cycle and the main road running cycle. In order to assure the dynamic and economy performance of the designed car, the ratio boundary constraints is established with the effect of maximum speed and peak torque of the motor and the lower state of charge of the battery. And the powertrain ratio optimization is presented with a particle swarm optimization based on the simulated annealing, the weighting coefficient and the method of dealing with Constraints based on penalty function are introduced. And the results of optimization indicate that the dynamic factor is increased and the energy consumption per unit distance of the designed car is reduced under a group of weighting coefficient.
Oligomerization of the Mitochondrial Protein Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel Is Coupled to the Induction of Apoptosis (2010)

Accumulating evidence implicates that the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) functions in mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis and as a critical player in the release of apoptogenic proteins, such as cytochrome c, triggering caspase activation and apoptosis. The mechanisms regulating cytochrome c release and the molecular architecture of the cytochrome c-conducting channel remain unknown. Here the relationship between VDAC oligomerization and the induction of apoptosis was examined. We demonstrated that apoptosis induction by various stimuli was accompanied by highly increased VDAC oligomerization, as revealed by cross-linking and directly monitored in living cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer technology. VDAC oligomerization was induced in all cell types and with all apoptosis inducers used, including staurosporine, curcumin, As(2)O(3), etoposide, cisplatin, selenite, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), H(2)O(2), and UV irradiation, all acting through different mechanisms yet all involving mitochondria. Moreover, correlation between the levels of VDAC oligomerization and apoptosis was observed. Furthermore, the apoptosis inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) inhibited VDAC oligomerization. Finally, a caspase inhibitor had no effect on VDAC oligomerization and cytochrome c release. We propose that VDAC oligomerization is involved in mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis and may represent a general mechanism common to numerous apoptogens acting via different initiating cascades. Thus, targeting the oligomeric status of VDAC, and hence apoptosis, offers a therapeutic strategy for combating cancers and neurodegenerative diseases.
Soluble Allotropes of Main-Group Elements (2008)

Small clusters of main-group elements can be stabilized in the highly active zero oxidation state and used for reactions in solution.
A thermally stable Ti-W salicide for deep-submicron logic with embedded DRAM (2002)

A new titanium-tungsten (Ti-W) salicide process with high-thermal stability has been developed for deep-submicron logic with embedded DRAM. The sheet resistance of 14 /spl Omega///spl square/ for Ti-5at%W silicide on both 0.18 /spl mu/m gate and 0.35 /spl mu/m diffusion layers was achieved. This is the lowest resistivity (50 /spl mu//spl Omega/-cm) in C49-TiSi/sub 2/, and did not change during annealing at 800/spl deg/C for 1 hour. By adding W atoms in Ti, high-thermal stability of the metastable C49-TiSi/sub 2/ was obtained, so that the C49-TiSi/sub 2/ did not transform to the C54-TiSi/sub 2/ phase below 900/spl deg/C. 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS transistors were successfully fabricated using the Ti-W salicide technology.
Interoperable adaptive multimedia communication (2005)

The desire to gain access to rich, multimedia-based information anywhere, anytime grows enormously. To achieve such access, the research and standardization communities have launched an initiative called universal multimedia access (UMA). However, UMA tools and specifications that have so far emerged concentrate mostly on constraints imposed by terminals and networks along the multimedia delivery chain; users who consume the content are rarely considered. Researchers have developed a plethora of technologies and standards to address some of the issues. However, the big picture of how these different technologies and standards fit together is missing. Thus, the moving picture experts group (MPEG) decided to standardize the MPEG-21 multimedia framework with the ultimate goal to support users during the exchange, access, consumption, trade, or other manipulation of so-called digital items in an efficient, transparent, and interoperable way. Device and coding-format-independent multimedia content adaptation standardization committees such as MPEG, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) are exploring device and coding format independence issues. Here, however, we focus on how we can use the tools specified within MPEG-21 for interoperable multimedia communication.
Neutrophil Influx in Response to a Peritoneal Infection with <i>Salmonella</i> Is Delayed in Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein or CD14-Deficient Mice (2002)

The induction of an adaptive immune response to a previously unencountered pathogen is a time-consuming process and initially the infection must be held in check by the innate immune system. In the case of an i.p. infection with Salmonella typhimurium, survival requires both CD14 and LPS-binding protein (LBP) which, together with Toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation protein 2, provide a sensitive means to detect bacterial LPS. In this study, we show that in the first hours after i.p. infection with Salmonella a local inflammatory response is evident and that concomitantly neutrophils flood into the peritoneum. This rapid neutrophil influx is dependent on TNF since it is 1) abolished in TNF KO mice and 2) can be induced by i.p. injection of TNF in uninfected animals. Neutrophil influx is not strictly dependent on the presence of either LBP or CD14. However, in their absence, no local inflammatory response is evident, neutrophil migration is delayed, and the mice succumb to the infection. Using confocal microscopy, we show that the neutrophils which accumulate in CD14 and LBP null mice, albeit with delayed kinetics, are nevertheless fully capable of ingesting the bacteria. We suggest that the short delay in neutrophil influx gives the pathogen a decisive advantage in this infection model.
The Influence of Chokeberry Juice Supplementation on the Reduction of Oxidative Stress Resulting from an Incremental Rowing Ergometer Exercise (2005)

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of an increased intake of anthocyanins, contained in chokeberry juice, on the redox parameters in rowers performing a physical exercise during a 1-month training camp. The athletes were randomly assigned to receive 150 mL of chokeberry juice daily, containing 23 mg/100 mL of anthocyanins (supplemented group), or placebo (control group). Before and after the supplementation period, the subjects performed an incremental rowing exercise test. Blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein before each exercise test, 1 min after the test, and following a 24-h recovery period. After the supplementation period, TBARS concentrations in the samples collected 1 min after the exercise test and following a 24-h recovery period were significantly lower in the subjects receiving chokeberry juice than in the control group. In the supplemented group, glutathione peroxidase activity was lower in the samples collected 1 min after the exercise test, and superoxide dismutase activity was lower in the samples taken following a 24-h recovery, as compared to the subjects receiving placebo. These findings indicate that an increased intake of anthocyanins limits the exercise-induced oxidative damage to red blood cells, most probably by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant defense system.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 2,2‘-Bipyridines (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTSolid-Phase Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 2,2'-Bipyridines†Seifu Tadesse, Ashok Bhandari, and Mark A. GallopView Author Information Affymax Research Institute, 4001 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304 Cite this: J. Comb. Chem. 1999, 1, 3, 184–187Publication Date (Web):April 1, 1999Publication History Received30 November 1998Published online1 April 1999Published inissue 1 May 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cc980035jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cc980035jbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views334Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Bipyridine,Functionalization,Ligands,Organic compounds,Organic polymers Get e-Alerts
Fingerprint the point of sale (2011)

The retail environment is unlike any other industry when it comes to the security threats that organisations face. Unlike healthcare, financial services, manufacturing, utilities or legal, retailers rarely rely on trained professionals to man the front lines. The point-of-sale (POS) environment is under constant threat and leaves retailers and restaurateurs far more vulnerable to insider threats than their counterparts in other industries.
<i>Sleep Deprivation and Vigilant Attention</i> (2008)

Sleep deprivation severely compromises the ability of human beings to respond to stimuli in a timely fashion. These deficits have been attributed in large part to failures of vigilant attention, which many theorists believe forms the bedrock of the other more complex components of cognition. One of the leading paradigms used as an assay of vigilant attention is the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), a high signal-load reaction-time test that is extremely sensitive to sleep deprivation. Over the last twenty years, four dominant findings have emerged from the use of this paradigm. First, sleep deprivation results in an overall slowing of responses. Second, sleep deprivation increases the propensity of individuals to lapse for lengthy periods (>500 ms), as well as make errors of commission. Third, sleep deprivation enhances the time-on-task effect within each test bout. Finally, PVT results during extended periods of wakefulness reveal the presence of interacting circadian and homeostatic sleep drives. A theme that links these findings is the interplay of "top-down" and "bottom-up" attention in producing the unstable and unpredictable patterns of behavior that are the hallmark of the sleep-deprived state.