gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrocarbon Fuels Production from Hydrocracking of Soybean Oil Using Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides Supported on ZSM-5 (2012)

The effects of process parameters and Ni/Mo atomic ratio on catalytic hydrocracking of soybean oil were investigated using the carbide or nitride forms of Ni/Mo supported on ZSM-5 catalysts. Essentially, a complete conversion of the triglycerides was observed at 650 psi and 360–450 °C. A low reaction temperature (360 °C) resulted in a significant change in selectivity toward hydrocarbon fuels. After a 4 day reaction, only 3–5% of hydrocarbon fuels were produced together with considerable amount of carboxyl acids (very high acid number up to 140 mg KOH/g). The gaseous phase products at 450 °C indicated that the nitride catalyst favors a methanation reaction more than the carbide catalyst by producing a larger amount of methane in the gaseous product. At a lower liquid hourly space velocity (1 h–1), about 70 wt % of gasoline to diesel range hydrocarbons were obtained in the organic liquid products compared to 25 wt % at 2 and 3 h–1. Increasing the Ni content in the catalyst improves the hydrogenation ability of the catalyst, since Ni is known to activate hydrogen and transfer protons and electrons to molybdenum. A larger fraction of gasoline was produced in the organic liquid product while similar jet and diesel range hydrocarbons were obtained by increasing the Ni/Mo atomic ratio from 0 to 1.5. However, a decreased fraction of the organic product was generated with an increasing amount of Ni content in the catalyst. Overall, the highest yield of hydrocarbon fuels (about 50 wt %) was obtained when the Ni/Mo molar ratio was 0.5.
An Analysis of Outcomes of Reconstruction or Amputation after Leg-Threatening Injuries (2002)

Patients with limbs at high risk for amputation can be advised that reconstruction typically results in two-year outcomes equivalent to those of amputation.
Emerging Quantum-Dots-Enhanced LCDs (2014)

Quantum dots (QDs)-based backlight greatly enhances the color performance for liquid crystal displays (LCDs). In this review paper, we start with a brief introduction of QD backlight, and then present a systematic photometric approach to reveal the remarkable advantages of QD backlight over white LED, such as much wider color gamut, higher optical efficiency, enhanced ambient contrast ratio, and smaller color shift. Some popular LC modes are investigated, including twisted nematic, fringing field switching (FFS) for touch panels, multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA) for TVs, and blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC) for next-generation displays. Especially, QD-enhanced BPLC combines the major advantages of FFS and submillisecond response time. It has potential to become a unified display solution.
Parallel Dimers and Anti-parallel Tetramers Formed by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Pathway Substrate Clone 15 (EPS15) (1997)

The recently discovered localization of epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate clone 15 (Eps15) to plasma membrane clathrin-coated pits and its constitutive association with the endocytic clathrin adaptor protein complex, AP-2, strongly suggest that Eps15 has an important role in the pathway of clathrin-dependent endocytic traffic. We report here that Eps15 forms dimers and tetramers of distinct shape. The Eps15 dimer is an elongated molecule, 32 nm in length. There is a globular "head" at one end of the molecule and an extended "stalk" of 25 nm which is kinked at about 17 nm away from the head. In the Eps15 dimer, two subunits are arranged parallel to each other, so that the head corresponds to two side by side copies of the N-terminal region I, which contains the three Eps15 homology domains. The proximal part of the stalk is the coiled-coil central region II containing 20 heptad repeats. The kink is at the boundary between region II and the C-terminal region III, which contains the AP-2 binding site, 15 aspartic-proline-phenylalanine repeats, and proline-rich Src homology domain ligand sites. The Eps15 tetramer has a "dumbbell" shape, approximately 31 nm in length; it is formed by the anti-parallel association of two Eps15 dimers. Formation of these Eps15 tetramers appears to require contacts between regions I of one dimer and regions III of a second apposing dimer. The extended shapes of the Eps15 dimers and tetramers suggest how Eps15 oligomers are located in the clathrin coat. We discuss the implications for accessibility to partners and for proposed functions of Eps15.
Purification and characterization of a major 40 kDa outer membrane protein of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (1999)

Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic pathogen, is well known to cause a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections particularly in intensive care units. The major outer membrane (OM) protein, OmpAb, of 40 kDa from A. baumannii has been identified and purified to homogeneity from cultures grown at 30 degrees C and 100 mM NaCl. The synthesis of OM proteins of A. baumannii is thermoregulated and osmoregulated. The pore forming ability of the purified OmpAb and the diffusion of uncharged solutes in proteoliposomes has been demonstrated by following the liposomal swelling assay. The trimeric OmpAb is characterized as a porin with a pore size of 1.3 nm and is found to be similar to the OmpF of Escherichia coli and can possibly be classified as a general diffusion pore. It appears that OmpAb plays an important role in the diffusion properties of the outer membrane of A. baumannii.
Digital Filters Design for Signal and Image Processing (2006)

Introduction. Chapter 1. Introduction to signals and systems - Yannick Berthoumieu (Eric Grivel and Mohamed Najim). Chapter 2. Discrete system analysis (Mohamed Najim and Eric Grivel). Chapter 3. Frequential characterization of signals and filters (Eric Grivel and Yannick Berthoumieu). Chapter 4. Continuous-time and analog filters (Daniel Bastard and Eric Grivel). Chapter 5. Finite impulse response filters (Yannick Berthoumieu, Eric Grivel and Mohamed Najim). Chapter 6. Infinite impulse response filters (Eric Grivel and Mohamed Najim). Chapter 7. Structures of FIR and IIR filters (Mohamed Najim and Eric Grivel). Chapter 8. Two-dimensional linear filtering (Philippe Bolon). Chapter 9. Two-dimensional finite impulse response filter design (Yannick Berthoumieu). Chapter 10. Filter stability (Michel Barret). Chapter 11. The Two-dimensional domain (Michel Barret). List of Authors. Index.
A multi-scale model of erythropoiesis (2009)

In this paper, a multi-scale mathematical model of erythropoiesis is proposed in which erythroid progenitors are supposed to be able to self-renew. Three cellular processes control erythropoiesis: self-renewal, differentiation and apoptosis. We describe these processes and regulatory networks that govern them. Two proteins (ERK and Fas) are considered as the basic proteins participating in this regulation. All erythroid progenitors are divided into several sub-populations depending on their maturity level. Feedback regulations by erythropoietin, glucocorticoids and Fas ligand (FasL) are introduced in the model. The model consists of a system of ordinary differential equations describing intracellular protein concentration evolution and cell population dynamics. We study steady states and their stability. We carry out computer simulations of an anaemia situation and analyse the results.
Developmental Toxicity Study of Pure <i>trans</i>-Capsaicin in Rats and Rabbits (2006)

Human environmental and dietary exposure to trans-capsaicin--the pungent ingredient in chili peppers--is ubiquitous. Moreover, based on the highly selective agonism of trans-capsaicin for TRPV1 receptors, drug products containing high concentrations of trans-capsaicin are under development as analgesics. For instance, a high-concentration (8% w/w) pure trans-capsaicin dermal patch (designated NGX-4010) is in advanced clinical evaluation for the management of neuropathic pain of peripheral origin. Our objective was to investigate effects of trans-capsaicin on embryo/fetal development, consequent to maternal exposure, from implantation to closure of the hard palate. trans-Capsaicin was delivered systemically by means of either a patch [NGX-4010 (25, 37.5, or 50 cm(2))] to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats on days of presumed gestation (DGs) 7 through 17, or via a 10% w/v capsaicin liquid formulation (CLF), at dosages of 3, 6.5 or 13 mul/cm(2) applied to a 200-cm(2) area on the back on DGs 7 though 19 to timed-mated New Zealand white rabbits. In rats, the maternal no-observable-effect level (NOEL) was less than 25 cm(2) but no cesarean-sectioning or litter parameters were affected by application of NGX-4010 at patch sizes as high as 50 cm(2). The only test article-related observations were delays in skeletal ossification, evident as significant reductions in the average number of metatarsals and ossified hindlimb and forelimb phalanges that occurred in the 50 cm(2) NGX-4010 dose group. Although the values for ossified metatarsals were outside the historical control range, ossified hindlimb and forelimb phalanges were within historical control ranges. No other gross external, soft tissue, or skeletal fetal alterations (malformations or variations) were caused by application of the NGX-4010. In rabbits, the maternal NOEL was less than 3 mul/cm(2) CLF (or 0.3 mg/cm(2)trans-capsaicin) per 200 cm(2), but no cesarean-sectioning or litter parameters were affected. No fetal alterations (malformations or variations) were caused by dosages of CLF as high as 13 mul/cm(2) (or 1.3 mg/cm(2)trans-capsaicin). Taken together, these data suggest that tran s-capsaicin should not be considered a developmental toxicant.
Brain-penetrant microtubule-stabilizing compounds as potential therapeutic agents for tauopathies (2012)

Neurons within the brains of those with AD (Alzheimer's disease) and related neurodegenerative disorders, collectively termed 'tauopathies', contain fibrillar inclusions composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Tau is normally enriched in axons, where it binds and stabilizes MTs (microtubules). Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation probably result in reduced MT binding that could affect axonal transport and neuronal function. A possible therapeutic strategy to overcome a loss of tau function in tauopathies is administration of MT-stabilizing agents, such as those used in the treatment of cancer. However, these drugs elicit severe side effects, and most existing MT-stabilizing compounds have poor BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability, which renders them unsuitable for tauopathy treatment. We identified EpoD (epothilone D) as a brain-penetrant MT-stabilizing agent with preferred pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. EpoD was evaluated for its ability to compensate for tau loss-of-function in an established Tg (transgenic) mouse model, using both preventative and interventional dosing paradigms. EpoD at doses much lower than previously used in human cancer patients caused improved axonal MT density and decreased axonal dystrophy in the tau Tg mice, leading to an alleviation of cognitive deficits. Moreover, EpoD reduced the extent of tau pathology in aged tau Tg mice. Importantly, no adverse side effects were observed in the EpoD-treated mice. These results suggest that EpoD might be a viable drug candidate for the treatment of AD and related tauopathies.
Steroids. LXVII.<sup>1</sup> The Decarboxylation of Unsaturated Steroidal Acids. Synthesis of 17-Epitestosterone and of 17-Methylepitestosterone<sup>2</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroids. LXVII.1 The Decarboxylation of Unsaturated Steroidal Acids. Synthesis of 17-Epitestosterone and of 17-Methylepitestosterone2Franz Sondheimer, O. Mancera, M. Urquiza, and G. RosenkranzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 15, 4145–4149Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01620a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01620a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views415Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Battery management system by using CAN communication based on DSP platform (2013)

In recent smart grid system of smart grid, ESS (Energy Storage System) is known as a core technology. Furthermore, because of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan and the 9.15 power outages in Korea in 2011 resulting in a lack of reserve power, development, demonstration and deployment of ESS are very popular in the world.
Rethinking cellular system architecture for breaking current energy efficiency limits (2012)

Base stations have been identified to be the most power consuming part in current mobile networks. Since their power profile only depends to a small fraction on the actual traffic load, putting some base stations in sleep mode has been identified as a solution to scale the network's power consumption with the actual load. However, the traditional cellular approach limits the achievable energy efficiency because the requirements on system availability impose continuous full coverage of the service area. This paper presents a new system architecture that overcomes this limitation based on the new paradigm of “cell on-demand”, which is currently studied in the Beyond Cellular Green Generation (BCG2) project of the GreenTouch consortium. We first outline the key characteristics of the new system architecture and the main technical challenges. Then, we present an analytical study for estimating the achievable energy-efficiency gains. We show that - depending on the daily load profile - we can improve current network energy efficiency by more than 50 times.
Distributed Temperature Measurement in a Self-Burning Coal Waste Pile through a GIS Open Source Desktop Application (2017)

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are often used to assess and monitor the environmental impacts caused by mining activities. The aim of this work was to develop a new application to produce dynamic maps for monitoring the temperature variations in a self-burning coal waste pile, under a GIS open source environment—GIS-ECOAL (freely available). The performance of the application was evaluated with distributed temperature measurements gathered in the S. Pedro da Cova (Portugal) coal waste pile. In order to obtain the temperature data, an optical fiber cable was disposed over the affected area of the pile, with 42 location stakes acting as precisely-located control points for the temperature measurement. A monthly data set from July (15 min of interval) was fed into the application and a video composed by several layouts with temperature measurements was created allowing for recognizing two main areas with higher temperatures. The field observations also allow the identification of these zones; however, the identification of an area with higher temperatures in the top of the studied area was only possible through the visualization of the images created by this application. The generated videos make possible the dynamic and continuous visualization of the combustion process in the monitored area.
Anisotropy of n-Type Silicon in High Electric Fields at Room Temperature (1974)

The anisotropy of the high field conductivity in n-Si is investigated by making use of\nthe hyperbolic approach at room temperature. The velocity-field characteristics are calculated for the electric field in both the <111> and <100> directions. The maximum\nanisotropy is given at a field where the curvature of the velocity-field characteristics become maximum.
Anion recognition and sensing by neutral and charged transition metal co-ordinated ferrocene phosphine amide receptors (1999)

A new bis(phosphine) amide linked ferrocene ligand [Fe{η-C5H4CONH(CH2)3PPh2}2] and molybdenum, chromium, rhodium and ruthenium transition metal chelated receptors of it have been prepared. Proton NMR anion-binding investigations revealed that in general the combination of the Lewis acid transition metal centre and the ferrocene amide moiety enhances the strength of anion binding. Electrochemical studies showed all receptors can electrochemically sense halide, dihydrogenphosphate and hydrogensulfate anions via significant cathodic perturbations of the respective ferrocene and transition metal oxidation wave.
Bulk Superconductivity in the New Orthorhombic (Tl, Pb)-Ca-Sr-Cu-O System (1988)

Bulk superconducting phases with compositional ratios (2122) and (2021) in the new (Tl, Pb)-Ca-Sr-Cu oxide system were reported. A two-step superconducting transition with onset temperatures of 118 K and 88 K were observed from electrical resistivity measurements. Magnetic susceptibility data indicate that bulk transition starts at 112 K. Superconductivity is highly reproducible and more stable than its Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu oxide homologs. Power X-ray diffraction profiles and EDAX analysis indicate the existence of two orthorhombic (pseudotetragonal) phases with c =29.08 Å (Bi 2 CaSr 2 Cu 2 O 8 -type) and c =24.09 Å (Bi 2 Sr 2 CuO 6 -type) with a possible incommensurate superstructure along the b -axis.
Throughput of DS-CDMA HARQ with Overlap Frequency-Domain Equalization (2006)

High speed packet access is the core technology of the next generation mobile communication systems. Turbo coded hybrid ARQ (HARQ) is known as one of the promising error control techniques. For direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA), frequency-domain equalization (FDE) based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion can replace the well known rake combining with much improved transmission performance. However, the insertion of guard interval (GI), which is required for conventional FDE, reduces the throughput. Recently, overlap FDE that requires no GI insertion was proposed for DS-CDMA. In this paper, we evaluate the throughput of DS-CDMA HARQ with overlap FDE
Synthesis, characterization and optical studies on lanthanide-doped CdS quantum dots: new insights on CdS → lanthanide energy transfer mechanisms (2010)

Eu3+-Doped CdS hexagonal nanocrystals (NCs), with an average size of ∼4 nm, have been prepared through a simple methodology based on the direct precipitation of CdS NCs using 1-thioglycerol as a capping molecule. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence studies (14–300 K) reveal an effective CdS NCs-to-Eu3+ energy transfer process involving surface localized states and mediated by a thermally activated exchange mechanism. Furthermore, the analysis of the optical data also points out the presence of two distinct Eu3+ local coordination sites with different relaxation kinetics and attributed to lattice-bound and surface-bound centres. The 5D0 lifetime values are longer than those reported previously for sol–gel derived Eu3+-doped CdS NCs.
Emergency Department Management of Delirium in the Elderly (2012)

An increasing number of elderly patients are presenting to the emergency department. Numerous studies have observed that emergency physicians often fail to identify and diagnose delirium in the elderly. These studies also suggest that even when emergency physicians recognized delirium, they still may not have fully appreciated the import of the diagnosis. Delirium is not a normal manifestation of aging and, often, is the only sign of a serious underlying medical condition. This article will review the significance, definition, and principal features of delirium so that emergency physicians may better appreciate, recognize, evaluate, and manage delirium in the elderly.
On Disalicylideneacetone and Analogs (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn Disalicylideneacetone and AnalogsPeter T. Mora and Tibor SzékiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 7, 3009–3013Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01163a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01163a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
3-D Millimeter-Wave Statistical Channel Model for 5G Wireless System Design (2016)

This paper presents a 3-D statistical channel impulse response (IR) model for urban line of sight (LOS) and non-LOS channels developed from 28- and 73-GHz ultrawideband propagation measurements in New York City, useful in the design of 5G wireless systems that will operate in both the ultra-high frequency/microwave and millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum to increase channel capacities. A 3GPP-like stochastic IR channel model is developed from measured power delay profiles, angle of departure, and angle of arrival power spectra. The extracted statistics are used to implement a channel model and simulator capable of generating 3-D mmWave temporal and spatial channel parameters for arbitrary mmWave carrier frequency, signal bandwidth, and antenna beamwidth. The model presented here faithfully reproduces realistic IRs of measured urban channels, supporting air interface design of mmWave transceivers, filters, and multi-element antenna arrays.
The science and technology of hot compaction (2004)

The production and properties of single polymer composites is described, where the fibre and matrix phases are of identical chemical composition. The structure of the composites has been explored using mechanical tests, DSC and electron microscopy. Measurements of mechanical anisotropy, thermal expansion and impact behaviour are of especial interest. The commercialisation of the hot compacted materials is also described. Potential applications include the automotive industry, sports protection goods, loudspeaker cones and helicopter radomes.