gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining Song—And Speech-Based Language Teaching: An Intervention With Recently Migrated Children (2018)

There is growing evidence that singing can have a positive effect on language learning, but few studies have explored its benefit for children who have recently migrated to a new country. In the present study, recently migrated children (<i>N</i> = 35) received three 40-min sessions where all students learnt the lyrics of two songs designed to simulate language learning through alternating teaching modalities (singing and speaking). Children improved their language knowledge significantly including on tasks targeting the transfer of grammatical skills, an area largely neglected in previous studies. This improvement was sustainable over the retention interval. However, the two teaching modalities did not show differential effects on cued recall of song lyrics indicating that singing and speaking are equally effective when used in combination with one another. Taken together, the data suggest that singing may be useful as an additional teaching strategy, irrespective of initial language proficiency, warranting more research on songs as a supplement for grammar instruction.
Assessment and Screening of the Risk Factors in Metabolic Syndrome (2014)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is chronic inflammatory epidemic state contributing to total and cardiovascular mortality. The current study planned to assess and screen risk factors for MetS and its components. A cross-sectional study conducted to assess age, gender, social status, employment, education, family history, physical activity, dietary habits, alcohol, sleep, body mass index and stress as determinants of MetS. The results were analyzed by Chi Square test with statistical significance of p value <0.05. The frequency of MetS was 17.38% as per modified National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Females (57.38%), age >50 years (86.90%; p < 0.05), middle socioeconomic status (70.50%), illiteracy (39.35%), and unemployment (81.97%; p < 0.05) were found contributing though to different extents. Subjects with a sedentary lifestyle (72.14%), positive family history (42.63%), omnivore diet (47.55%), stress (78.69%; p < 0.05), insomnia (29.51%) and increased BMI (83.62%; p < 0.001) had shown predisposition to MetS. However, the protective role of alcohol (38.28%), an active lifestyle (36.21%), vegetarian diet (62.07%) and adequate sleep (73.11%) was observed. A significant hypertension (98.37%; p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (77.05%; p < 0.001), dysglycemia (75.41%; p < 0.001) and obesity (59.02%; p < 0.001) was reported in MetS. Common concerns of female gender, increasing age and BMI, sedentary lifestyle, stress and positive family history should be considered for early identification and appropriate intervention to fight the growing MetS epidemic.
Erhöhung des Weizenernteertrages durch Behandlung des Saatgutes mit β‐Cyclodextrin (1981)

Abstract Durch Behandlung von Getreidesamen mit β‐Cyclodextrin wird der Keimungsprozeß kurzfristig verzögert, aber nach etwa 10 Tagen ist das Wachstum intensiver als das im Falle unbehandelter Samen. Nach 3 Wochen liegt das Gewicht der Pflanzen, die aus Samen mit β‐Cyclodextrin‐Vorbehandlung gewachsen sind, um 11‐32% höher als das der unbehandelten Kontrollpflanzen. Die Phytobox‐Versuche zeigten, daß auch die Ernteerträge im Falle einer Behandlung nach 4 Monaten bis zu 45% höher sind als die Erträge bei Einsatz unbehandelter Samen.
Spontaneous Formation of Macroporous Monoliths of Mesoporous Manganese Oxide Crystals (2005)

An unusual route to hierarchically porous MnO monoliths is demonstrated. The monoliths are obtained by successive stages of liquid- and vapor-phase leaching. The accompanying Figure shows 10–30 nm sized pores created by the conversion of zinc manganese oxide to manganese oxide. The leaching methodology is general and can be extended to the preparation of a number of porous inorganics.
Photoconductively Loaded Plasmonic Nanoantenna as Building Block for Ultracompact Optical Switches (2010)

We propose and explore theoretically a new concept of ultrafast optical switches based on nonlinear plasmonic nanoantennas. The antenna nanoswitch operates on the transition from the capacitive to conductive coupling regimes between two closely spaced metal nanorods. By filling the antenna gap with amorphous silicon, progressive antenna-gap loading is achieved due to variations in the free-carrier density in the semiconductor. Strong modification of the antenna response is observed both in the far-field response and in the local near-field intensity. The large modulation depth, low switching threshold, and potentially ultrafast time response of antenna switches holds promise for applications ranging from integrated nanophotonic circuits to quantum information devices.
Fast calibration of SPECT monolithic scintillation detectors using un-collimated sources (2013)

Monolithic scintillation detectors for positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging have many advantages over pixelated detectors. The use of monolithic crystals allows for reducing the scintillator cost per unit volume and increasing the sensitivity along with the energy and timing resolution of the detector. In addition, on thick detectors the depth-of-interaction can be determined without additional hardware. However, costly and complex calibration procedures have been proposed to achieve optimal detector performance for monolithic detectors. This hampers their use in commercial systems. There is thus, a need for simple calibration routines that can be performed on assembled systems. The main goal of this work is to develop a simplified calibration procedure based on acquired training data. In comparison with other methods that use training data acquired with beam sources attached to robotic stages, the proposed method uses a static un-collimated activity source with simple geometry acquiring in a reasonable time. Once the data are acquired, the calibration of the detector is accomplished in three steps: energy calibration based on the k-means clustering method, self-organization based on the self-organizing maps algorithm, and distortion correction based on the Monge-Kantorovich grid adaptation. The proposed calibration method was validated for 2D positioning using a SPECT detector. Similar results were obtained by comparison with an existing calibration method (maximum likelihood estimation). In conclusion, we proposed a novel calibration method for monolithic scintillation detectors that greatly simplifies their use with optimal performance in SPECT systems.
Awake Mapping Optimizes the Extent of Resection for Low-Grade Gliomas in Eloquent Areas (2010)

Our results demonstrate that awake surgery, known to preserve the quality of life in patients with low-grade glioma, is also able to significantly improve the extent of resection for lesions located in functional regions.
Evidence that phospholipase D mediates ADP ribosylation factor-dependent formation of Golgi coated vesicles. (1996)

Formation of coatomer-coated vesicles from Golgi-enriched membranes requires the activation of a small GTP-binding protein, ADP ribosylation factor (ARF). ARF is also an efficacious activator of phospholipase D (PLD), an activity that is relatively abundant on Golgi-enriched membranes. It has been proposed that ARF, which is recruited onto membranes from cytosolic pools, acts directly to promote coatomer binding and is in a 3:1 stoichiometry with coatomer on coated vesicles. We present evidence that cytosolic ARF is not necessary for initiating coat assembly on Golgi membranes from cell lines with high constitutive PLD activity. Conditions are also described under which ARF is at most a minor component relative to coatomer in coated vesicles from all cell lines tested, including Chinese hamster ovary cells. Formation of coated vesicles was sensitive to ethanol at concentrations that inhibit the production of phosphatidic acid (PA) by PLD. When PA was produced in Golgi membranes by an exogenous bacterial PLD, rather than with ARF and endogenous PLD, coatomer bound to Golgi membranes. Purified coatomer also bound selectively to artificial lipid vesicles that contained PA and phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). We propose that activation of PLD and the subsequent production of PA are key early events for the formation of coatomer-coated vesicles.
Anisotropic Charged Star with Variable Cosmological Constant in Krori-Barua Space Time (2014)

We have studied a static spherically symmetric Krori-Barua (J. Phys. A., Math. Gen. 8: 508, 1975) space time with the Einstein-Maxwell field equations in presence of radial dependence of cosmological constant viz. . To obtain exact solutions we assume that the cosmological constant is proportional to the matter density and the difference between tangential and radial pressures is proportional to square of the electric field intensity. We discuss various physical features of our model and show that the model satisfies all the regularity conditions, viz. TOV equations, Energy Conditions, Stability and Surface redshift of the stellar models.
Serodiagnosis of Hepatitis E Virus Infection by ELISA Based on Synthetic Peptide Antigens (2001)

An ELISA for the detection of anti HEV using synthetic peptide antigens was developed. The synthetic antigens were encoded by OFR2 and OFR3 genes of HEV. The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of the synthetic antigens in the serodiagnosis of hepatitis E. The anti HEV detection using synthetic antigens was carried out in 47 healthy subjects and 89 patients with acute or chronic viral hepatitis. The results showed that the positive rate of anti HEV IgG in healthy subjects was 4.2%(2/47), and no IgM antibody to HEV was found. The positive rates of IgG and IgM antibodies to HEV in the hepatitis patients were 8.9% and 10% respectively. In addition, we compared the detecting efficacy of the synthetic antigens with that of the market reagent in 57 serum samples, the total coincident rate was 87.7% (50/57). All of the results accorded with the literatures reported. This study suggests that the ELISA based on the synthetic peptide antigens was specific, sensitive and convenient in diagnosis of HEV infection, it can be widely used in both clinical and epidemiological reseaches.
Protein Kinase C Isoforms Involved in the Transcriptional Activation of Cyclin D1 by Transforming Ha-Ras (2001)

Transcriptional activation of the cyclin D1 by oncogenic Ras appears to be mediated by several pathways leading to the activation of multiple transcription factors which interact with distinct elements of the cyclin D1 promoter. The present investigations revealed that cyclin D1 induction by transforming Ha-Ras is MEK- and Rac-dependent and requires the PKC isotypes epsilon, lambda, and zeta, but not cPKC-alpha. This conclusion is based on observations indicating that cyclin D1 induction by transforming Ha-Ras was depressed in a dose-dependent manner by PD98059, a selective inhibitor of the mitogen-activated kinase kinase MEK-1, demonstrating that Ha-Ras employs extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) for signal transmission to the cyclin D1 promoter. Evidence is presented that PKC isotypes epsilon and zeta, but not lambda are required for the Ras-mediated activation of ERKs. Expression of kinase-defective, dominant negative (DN) mutants of nPKC-epsilon or aPKC-zeta inhibit ERK activation by constitutively active Raf-1. Phosphorylation within the TEY motif and subsequent activation of ERKs by constitutively active MEK-1 was significantly inhibited by DN aPKC-zeta, indicating that aPKC-zeta functions downstream of MEK-1 in the pathway leading to cyclin D1 induction. In contrast, TEY phosphorylation induced by constitutively active MEK-1 was not effected by nPKC-epsilon, suggesting another position for this kinase within the cascade investigated. Transformation by oncogenic Ras requires activation of several Ras effector pathways which may be PKC-dependent and converge on the cyclin D1 promoter. Therefore, we investigated a role for PKC isotypes in the Ras-Rac-mediated transcriptional regulation of cyclin D1. We have been able to reveal that cyclin D1 induction by oncogenic Ha-Ras is Rac-dependent and requires the PKC isotypes epsilon, lambda, and zeta, but not cPKC-alpha. Evidence is presented that aPKC-lambda acts upstream of Rac, between Ras and Rac, whereas the PKC isotypes epsilon and zeta act downstream of Rac and are required for the activation of ERKs.
Traffic management for ATM local area networks (1994)

Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is the first switching technology to be capable of supporting circuit switching and packet switching within a single integrated switching mechanism. This was one of the research goals that led to the development of ATM. Considerable progress has already been made in implementing constant bit-rate services, similar to conventional circuit switching, over ATM. The authors briefly consider how to support LAN emulation over an ATM network and then explore how to offer the dynamic bandwidth sharing in the local area. Considerable progress has already been made in implementing constant bit-rate services, similar to conventional circuit switching, over ATM. However, the bursty nature of data traffic requires dynamic bandwidth sharing similar to packet switching, and this is still under investigation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Eluent, Effluent, Eluate, and Eluite (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEluent, Effluent, Eluate, and EluiteStu BormanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 2, 99APublication Date (Print):January 15, 1987Publication History Published online30 May 2012Published inissue 15 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00129a735https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00129a735research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4445Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dynamic range enhancement of Fourier transform infrared spectrum measurement using delta sigma modulation (1993)

A method for reconstructing a spectrum from a binary interferogram observed with an Fourier transform IR spectrometer is described. With this method an interferogram is quantized with a 1-bit analog-todigitalconverter with a differentiator and an integrator. This method, called delta sigma modulation, features an oversampling of a signal at a rate much higher than the Nyquist sampling rate. We show experimental examples of IR spectra reconstructed by the method, which demonstrate the potential applications of the method to Fourier transform IR analysis. The results imply that the method may exceed the dynamic range over the one attainable with a conventional Fourier transform spectrometer with an analog-to-digital converter of a finite bit number.
Intranasal Delivery of Cholera Toxin Induces Th17-Dominated T-Cell Response to Bystander Antigens (2009)

Cholera toxin (CT) is a potent vaccine adjuvant, which promotes mucosal immunity to protein antigen given by nasal route. It has been suggested that CT promotes T helper type 2 (Th2) response and suppresses Th1 response. We here report the induction of Th17-dominated responses in mice by intranasal delivery of CT. This dramatic Th17-driving effect of CT, which was dependent on the B subunit, was observed even in Th1 or Th2-favored conditions of respiratory virus infection. These dominating Th17 responses resulted in the significant neutrophil accumulation in the lungs of mice given CT. Both in vitro and in vivo treatment of CT induced strongly augmented IL-6 production, and Th17-driving ability of CT was completely abolished in IL-6 knockout mice, indicating a role of this cytokine in the Th17-dominated T-cell responses by CT. These data demonstrate a novel Th17-driving activity of CT, and help understand the mechanisms of CT adjuvanticity to demarcate T helper responses.
Near‐field radiation of bow‐tie antennas and apertures at optical frequencies (2003)

We investigate the ability of the bow-tie slot antenna to generate intense optical spots below the diffraction limit. A commercially available finite-difference time-domain electromagnetic modelling software is used in the numerical simulations. The finite-difference time-domain software is first compared to analytical results at optical frequencies to verify its accuracy. We then present numerical simulations for various geometries involving apertures on thin films and the bow-tie antenna. The transmission efficiency and optical spot size of the bow-tie antenna are compared with those of rectangular and circular apertures on thin metal films. We also investigate the effects of material composition, frequency, and antenna geometry on the near-field radiation pattern using numerical simulations.
Expression of the mouse <i>α</i>1 (II) collagen gene is not restricted to cartilage during development (1991)

The mouse alpha 1(II) collagen gene has been isolated and a 5' portion of the gene which has low homology to other collagen genes was used to study the pattern of expression during mouse embryogenesis. In situ hybridization studies show that in the mouse, like the chick, alpha 1(II) collagen is expressed in chondrogenic tissues in advance of chondrocyte differentiation. The gene is expressed early in embryogenesis at 9.5 days both in the cranial mesenchyme destined for the chondrocranium, and the sclerotome of the somites, and at 12.5 days in the primordia of the hyoid and the laryngeal cartilage. Type II collagen gene transcripts were found in all the chondrogenic tissues of the axial and appendicular skeleton until the onset of endochondral ossification. Expression of alpha 1(II) collagen mRNA was also observed in non-chondrogenic tissues such as the notochord which may be responsible for inducing chondrogenesis in somitic mesoderm, neural retina, the corneal and conjunctival epithelia and sclera of the developing eye. Expression in the tail tendon was late, at 16.5-18.5 days. Transient expression was also found in the heart at 9.5-12.5 days, the epidermis at 10.5-14.5 days, the calvarial mesenchyme at 12.5-16.5 days, the inner ear at 14.5 days and the fetal brain from 9.5-14.5 days. Within the neural tube, alpha 1(II) collagen mRNA was localized in the proliferative ventricular cells of the forebrain and midbrain of 9.5- to 10.5-day embryos. Subsequently, transcription of the alpha 1(II) collagen gene was confined to restricted areas of the rhombencephalic basal plate, the ventricular layer of the hindbrain and the cervical spinal cord. These examples of expression of the type II collagen gene in the developing nervous system seem to suggest that active transcription of this gene might be associated with early stages of neuroblast differentiation. Type II collagen may therefore have additional roles in development unrelated to chondrogenesis.
Novel Hydrogen-Bonding Pattern of Water in Polycarbonate (2017)

Abstract We study the hydrogen-bonding structure of the water in polycarbonate (PC) (OC6H4C(CH3)2C6H4OCO)n by near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy. We extensively analyze the effects of the hydration interaction on the near- and mid-infrared absorptions of the hydrating water and on those of the phenyl and carbonyl groups, either of which should interact with the water in PC. The analysis has consistently led us to the conclusion that the water is hydrogen bonded to the phenyl group but not to the carbonate C=O, against the prediction that the hydrogen-bonding energy of the water to the former should be significantly smaller than that to the latter (P. R. Rablen et al., J. Phys. Chem. A1998, 102, 3782). To explain the unexpected hydration, we propose a novel hydration pattern, in which the water is fittingly settled into the “phenyl hollow” formed by the two adjacent phenyl groups, obliquely connected by -C(CH3)2- in-between. The key factor of the hydration pattern or that the water symmetrically acts as proton donor to the π clouds of the phenyl groups has been proved to be perfectly consistent with the observed spectral features of the hydrating water.
Analysis of Antitumor Activity of an Interleukin-13 (IL-13) Receptor-Targeted Cytotoxin Composed of IL-13 Antagonist and <b> <i>Pseudomonas</i> </b> Exotoxin (2004)

We have shown previously that a chimeric fusion protein composed of human interleukin-13 (IL-13) and Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE), termed IL-13 cytotoxin (IL13-PE38), is specifically cytotoxic to various cancer cell lines and primary cell cultures derived from a variety of solid cancers. In addition, we have shown that IL-13 mutant IL-13E13K, in which glutamic acid (E) residue at position 13 of IL-13 molecule was substituted by a lysine (K), is a powerful antagonist of IL-13 and binds to IL-13 receptor with a higher affinity compared with wild-type IL-13. In this study, we have generated an IL-13 cytotoxin IL13E13K-PE38, in which IL-13 antagonist is fused to PE to determine whether this molecule has improved cytotoxicity to tumor cells compared with wild type (wt)IL13-PE38. Highly purified IL13E13K-PE38 was tested in various tumor cell lines including seven glioblastoma multiforme cell lines to compare its binding to the cells, in vitro cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor activity, and safety in mouse model with wtIL13-PE38. IL13E13K-PE38 bound to U251MG and IL-13Ralpha2 chain-transfected tumor cell lines with 3 to 10 times higher affinity compared with wtIL13-PE38. However, IL13E13K-PE38 did not show higher cytotoxicity compared with wtIL13-PE38 in glioblastoma multiforme or any other cell lines tested. The antitumor activity of IL13E13K-PE38, when administered intraperitoneally to nude mice bearing U251 tumors, was also similar to wtIL13-PE38. Some improvement in antitumor activity was observed when lower doses of IL13E13K-PE38 were injected intratumorally in subcutaneous tumors. These results indicate that in general, IL13E13K-PE38 mediates similar cytotoxicity and antitumor activity to wtIL13-PE38 despite its improved binding affinity to IL-13 receptors.
Model Compilation and Diagnosability of Technical Systems (2003)

This paper is on the automated construction of diagnosis models for complex, continuous-valued systems. Given is the following diagnosis scenario of first principles: (a) The global behavior model of the system in question can be composed from single component models, where (b) context-free models of both the normal and the faulty component behavior are known. This situation enables one to simulate the system with respect to expected inputs along with faults, and to distill a compiled diagnosis model from the huge set of generated data with mining techniques. As well as that, this situation enablesus also to define the most informativemeasurement points for fault isolation purposes. The contributions of this paper are threefold: (1) It outlines the compilation approach and its realization in the domain of hydraulic engineering, (2) it extends the GDE measurement heuristics towards an optimum strategy with respect to an arbitrary observation horizon, and (3) it presents a measure to quantify the diagnosis effort for systems whose behaviorcan be capturedby a compiled model.