gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Randomized phase IIb study of nivolumab (anti-PD-1; BMS-936558, ONO-4538) alone or in combination with ipilimumab versus bevacizumab in patients (pts) with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). (2014)

TPS2101 Background: GBM, the most common primary brain tumor in adults, has an aggressive clinical course and a median survival of 12–15 months post first-line therapy with maximal surgical resection, radiation, and temozolomide. Bevacizumab is approved in the US for pts with progressive disease following therapy; no data has shown durable improvement of disease-related symptoms or overall survival (OS). With limited efficacy of current therapy, more effective treatments to extend survival and preserve quality of life are needed. Ipilimumab, a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 receptor blocking antibody, has shown clinical activity in advanced melanoma pts with brain metastases; preclinical studies demonstrate a benefit from combining a programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitor with radiation in a mouse glioma model. We present a phase IIb, randomized, open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, alone or with ipilimumab, vs bevacizumab in pts with recurrent GBM. Methods: Pts with Karnofsky performance status ≥70, grade IV malignant glioma treated with radiotherapy and temozolomide, and documented first GBM recurrence within 28 days of randomization are eligible. Pts with >1 recurrence of GBM, extracranial disease, autoimmune conditions, or previous VEGF inhibitor or anti-angiogenic treatment are ineligible. Safety cohort 1; nivolumab 3 mg/kg [n=10; Q2W x 4] and nivolumab 1 mg/kg + ipilimumab 3 mg/kg [n=10; Q3W x 4 followed by nivolumab 3 mg/kg Q2W]) will establish safety and tolerability in GBM pts. Upon successful completion of cohort 1, efficacy cohort 2 will enroll up to 240 pts with recurrent GBM, randomized 1:1:1 to receive nivolumab, nivolumab + ipilimumab (dosed as cohort 1), or bevacizumab (10 mg/kg Q2W). The primary objectives are to evaluate safety in cohort 1 and OS in cohort 2, vs bevacizumab, with secondary objectives of PFS and ORR. Responses will be assessed (Response Assessment Neuro-Oncology criteria) at the end of wks 6 and 12, and Q8W until progression or treatment discontinuation. Clinical trial information: NCT02017717.
Respiratory Cycle-Related EEG Changes during Sleep Reflect Esophageal Pressures (2008)

Variation within subjects of sigma RCREC with APes supports previous evidence that RCREC within this range may reflect microarousals exacerbated by increased work of breathing. Correlation of beta and theta, but not sigma RCREC with deltaPes in between-subject comparisons is more difficult to explain but suggests that ranges other than sigma also deserve further investigation for clinical utility.
Autoignition Study of Ethanol and Heptane in a Rapid Compression Machine (2015)

Practical fuels are a complex mixture of thousands of hydrocarbon compounds, making it challenging and difficult to study their combustion behavior.It's generally agreed that in order to study these complex practical fuels a much simpler approach of studying simple fuel surrogates containing limited number of components is more feasible.Ethanol and n-heptane have been studied as primary reference fuels in the
Electrolytic formation of nanoapertures for scanning near-field optical microscopy (2001)

Aperture probes for near-field optical microscopy were produced by controlled all solid state electrolysis. Control of both the ionic current and light transmission provided reproducible probe tips with aperture diameters in the sub-50 nm range and flat end faces. High resolution scanning near-field optical microscopy images were obtained with these probes. As a by-product, the formation of an electrolytic nanometer-sized contact was observed.
In vivo monitoring of blood oxygenation in large veins with a triple-wavelength optoacoustic system (2007)

A noninvasive optoacoustic technique could be a clinically useful alternative to existing, invasive methods for cerebral oxygenation monitoring. Recently we proposed to use an optoacoustic technique for monitoring cerebral blood oxygenation by probing large cerebral and neck veins including the superior sagittal sinus and the internal jugular vein. In these studies we used a multi-wavelength optoacoustic system with a nanosecond optical parametric oscillator as a light source and a custom-made optoacoustic probe for the measurement of the optoacoustic signals in vivo from the area of the sheep neck overlying the external jugular vein, which is similar in diameter and depth to the human internal jugular vein. Optoacoustic signals induced in venous blood were measured with high resolution despite the presence of a thick layer of tissues (up to 10 mm) between the external jugular vein and the optoacoustic probe. Three wavelengths were chosen to provide accurate and stable measurements of blood oxygenation: signals at 700 nm and 1064 nm demonstrated high correlation with actual oxygenation measured invasively with CO-Oximeter ("gold standard"), while the signal at 800 nm (isosbestic point) was independent of blood oxygenation and was used for calibration.
Photochromism, photoluminescence modulation and selective recognition of small molecules of two highly stable dynamic metal–organic frameworks (2017)

Two highly stable dynamic metal-organic frameworks exhibit photochromism, tunable photoluminescence, and selective detection of oxygen, which can be recognised by the naked eye through color changes. Furthermore, they also display selective recognition of benzyl alcohol and halogenated solvents, respectively.
Economic Consequences of Divided India: a Study of the Economy of India and Pakistan (1951)

Economic Consequences of Divided India: a Study of the Economy of India and Pakistan Economic Consequences of Divided India: a Study of the Economy of India and Pakistan. By C. N. Vakil. Bombay, Vora, 1950. 555 pp. Map endpapers. Tables. Bibliog. Index. 10′​′×634′​′⁠. Rs. 21. P. J. Griffiths P. J. Griffiths Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 27, Issue 4, October 1951, Pages 527–528, https://doi.org/10.2307/2608679 Published: 01 October 1951
High-voltage testing of medium-voltage shielded power cables (1990)

Medium-voltage power cables rated 2001-35000 V are tested using both 60 Hz AC voltage and DC voltage before leaving the cable manufacturing plant. Shielded medium-voltage cables are also required to meet the corona extinction level voltage established. These shielded cables are to be free of partial discharge at voltages well above operating voltages. In addition to these factory tests, the user normally requires a DC high-potential test after installation and sometimes a test is required when the cable is still on the reel. These various tests are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Citrus sinensis(L.) Osbeck var 'Ridge Pineapple': organization and phylogenetic relationships to other angiosperms (2006)

This is the first complete chloroplast genome sequence for a member of the Rutaceae and Sapindales. Expansion of the inverted repeat region to include rps19 and part of rpl22 and presence of two truncated copies of rpl22 is unusual among sequenced chloroplast genomes. Availability of a complete Citrus chloroplast genome sequence provides valuable information on intergenic spacer regions and endogenous regulatory sequences for chloroplast genetic engineering. Phylogenetic analyses resolve relationships among several major clades of angiosperms and provide strong support for the monophyly of the eurosid II clade and the position of the Sapindales sister to the Brassicales/Malvales.
Hydrothermal carbon from biomass: a comparison of the local structure from poly- to monosaccharides and pentoses/hexoses (2008)

Carbon particles are synthesized under hydrothermal conditions using different biomass (glucose, xylose, maltose, sucrose, amylopectin, starch) and biomass derivates (5-hydroxymethyl-furfural-1-aldehyde (HMF) and furfural) as carbon sources. Carbons obtained from mono- and polysaccharides, hexose and pentose sugars, and from the biomass derivatives, HMF and furfural, are compared from the particle morphology, chemical composition and structural point of view. A clear structural and morphological difference can be observed in carbons from pentoses and hexoses, but in the latter case, irrespective of the nature of the hexose sugar, all carbon materials showed astonishing similarities, opening the way for the use of renewable biomass in the synthesis of such carbon materials.
Heterolytic and Homolytic Activation of Dihydrogen at an Unusual Iridium (II) Sulfide (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTHeterolytic and Homolytic Activation of Dihydrogen at an Unusual Iridium (II) SulfideRachel C. Linck, Robert J. Pafford, and Thomas B. RauchfussView Author Information School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois 601 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 36, 8856–8857Publication Date (Web):August 16, 2001Publication History Received6 March 2001Published online16 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja010603qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja010603qrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1023Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Hydrogen,Metals,Oxidation state,Sulfides,Transition metals Get e-Alerts
Vocal Programming for People with Upper-Body Motor Impairments (2018)

Programming heavily relies on entering text using traditional QWERTY keyboards, which poses challenges for people with limited upper-body movement. Developing tools using a publicly available speech recognition API could provide a basis for keyboard free programming. In this paper, we describe our efforts in design, development, and evaluation of a voice-based IDE to support people with limited dexterity. We report on a formative Wizard of Oz (WOz) based design process to gain an understanding of how people would use and what they expect from a speech-based programming environment. Informed by the findings from the WOz, we developed VocalIDE, a prototype speech-based IDE with features such as Context Color Editing that facilitates vocal programming. Finally, we evaluate the utility of VocalIDE with 8 participants who have upper limb motor impairments. The study showed that VocalIDE significantly improves the participants' ability to make navigational edits and select text while programming.
A New Route to 4-(2-Methoxyethyl) Phenol Via Palladium-Catalysed Arylation of Methyl Vinyl Ether (1985)

Abstract Palladium on charcoal-catalysed reaction of methyl vinyl ether with 4-bromonitrobenzene, followed by hydrogenation and subsequent diazotation afforded 4-(2-methoxyethyl) phenol in 47% total yield.
FPGA Designs with Optimized Logarithmic Arithmetic (2010)

Using a general polynomial approximation approach, we present an arithmetic library generator for the logarithmic number system (LNS). The generator produces optimized LNS arithmetic libraries that improve significantly over previous LNS designs on area and latency. We also provide area cost estimation and bit-accurate simulation tools that facilitate comparison between LNS and floating-point designs.
Replicate PCR Testing and Probit Analysis for Detection and Quantitation of <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> in Clinical Specimens (2001)

Nucleic acid amplification of clinical specimens with low target concentration has variable sensitivity. We examined whether testing multiple aliquots of extracted DNA increased the sensitivity and reproducibility of Chlamydia pneumoniae detection by PCR. Nested and non-nested C. pneumoniae PCR assays were compared using 10 replicates of 16 serial dilutions of C. pneumoniae ATCC VR-1310. The proportion positive versus the C. pneumoniae concentration was modeled by probit regression analysis. To validate the model, 10 replicates of 26 previously positive patient specimens of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), sputum, or nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) were tested. The proportion of replicates that were positive varied with the concentration of C. pneumoniae in the sample. At concentrations above 5 infection-forming units (IFU)/ml, both nested and non-nested PCR assay sensitivities were 90% or greater. The nested PCR was more sensitive (median detection, 0.35 versus 0.61 IFU/ml; relative median detection, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.99; P = 0.04). In clinical specimens, replicate PCR detected 15 of 26 (nested) versus 1 of 26 (non-nested, P < 0.001). For PBMC specimens, testing 1, 3, or 5 replicates detected 3, 5, or 9 of 10 positive specimens, respectively. Median C. pneumoniae concentrations were estimated at 0.07 IFU/ml for PBMC and at <0.03 IFU/ml for NPS specimens. We conclude that performing 5 or 10 replicates considerably increased the sensitivity and reproducibility of C. pneumoniae PCR and enabled quantitation for clinical specimens. Due to sampling variability, PCR tests done without replication may miss a large proportion of positive specimens, particularly for specimens with small amounts of target C. pneumoniae DNA present.
Nonlinear predictive interpolation. A new method for the correction of ectopic beats for heart rate variability analysis. (1993)

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a technique that uses the beat-to-beat variations in RR intervals as a measure of the level of activity of the autonomic nervous system. However, the presence of ectopic beats can alter measures of HRV by introducing mathematical artifact and thus, prevent accurate determinations of HRV. Simple exclusion of those portions of data that contain ectopy from analysis inappropriate because (1) it can lead to a substantial reduction in the amount of data available for analysis and (2) if the presence (and frequency) of ectopic beats is correlated with specific alterations in autonomic tone, then the utilization of only ectopy-free data for analysis will lead to bias in the measures. For this reason, methods for the correction of ectopic beats have been devised and applied in the determination of HRV. The authors therefore propose a new method for the correction of ectopic beats: nonlinear predictive interpolation. Using the fact that beat-to-beat changes in heart rate occur in a deterministic fashion as the only assumption, the authors apply the methods of chaos theory in order to locate ectopy-free portions of the RR interval sequence that describe trajectories in phase space that are locally similar to that of the ectopy-containing segments. The authors then determine which of these trajectories most closely approximates that of a particular ectopy-containing segment, and use it to determine replacement RR intervals for the ectopic beats.
Transient Expression Shows Ligand Gating and Allosteric Potentiation of GABA <sub>A</sub> Receptor Subunits (1988)

Human gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor subunits were expressed transiently in cultured mammalian cells. This expression system allows the simultaneous characterization of ligand-gated ion channels by electrophysiology and by pharmacology. Thus, coexpression of the alpha and beta subunits of the GABAA receptor generated GABA-gated chloride channels and binding sites for GABAA receptor ligands. Channels consisting of only alpha or beta subunits could also be detected. These homomeric channels formed with reduced efficiencies compared to the heteromeric receptors. Both of these homomeric GABA-responsive channels were potentiated by barbiturate, indicating that sites for both ligand-gating and allosteric potentiation are present on receptors assembled from either subunit.
Fault tolerant matrix-matrix multiplication (2011)

Soft errors are one-time events that corrupt the state of a computing system but not its overall functionality. Soft errors normally do not interrupt the execution of the affected program, but the affected computation results can not be trusted any more. A well known technique to correct soft errors in matrix-matrix multiplication is algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT). While ABFT achieves much better efficiency than triple modular redundancy (TMR) - a traditional general technique to correct soft errors, both ABFT and TMR detect errors off-line after the computation is finished. This paper extends the traditional ABFT technique from off-line to on-line so that soft errors in matrix-matrix multiplication can be detect in the middle of the computation during the program execution and higher efficiency can be achieved by correcting the corrupted computations in a timely manner. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique can correct one error every ten seconds with negligible (i.e., less than 1%) performance penalty over the ATLAS dgemm().
Aggregation everywhere (1999)

This paper describes the Phoenix system, which loads a data warehouse and then reports against it. Between the raw atomic data of the source system and the business measures presented to users there are many computing environments. Aggregation occurs everywhere: initial bucketing by the natural keys on the mainframe, loading the fact table using a mapping table, maintaining aggregate tables and reporting tables in the data base, in the GUI, in SQL queries issued on behalf of client tools by the web server, and inside the client tools themselves. Producing the desired business measures required writing a complex SQL query, and post-processing an Excel pivot table.
HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL BY TRANSMUTATION. (1972)

in relation to the prospective benefits.'' Recently, the delays encountered by the US geologic disposal program for HLW, along with advanced in the development of P-T concepts, have led some to propose P-T as a means of reducing the long-term risks from the radioactive wastes that require disposal and thus making it easier to site, license, and build a geologic repository. This study examines and evaluates the effects that introducing P-T would have on the US geologic disposal program.
Long‐term survival probabilities for childhood rhabdomyosarcoma (2005)

Large variations in 5-year survival were evident depending on patient age and tumor characteristics. However, children who survived the first 5 years after diagnosis were found to have an excellent long-term prognosis. The patterns in RMS survival noted from the current population-based evaluation did not appear to differ substantially from those previously reported by major clinical trials.
The Role of Multiple Bonds in the Radiolysis of Linear Perfluorocarbons (1992)

The presence of a double bond in a perfluorocarbon molecule under radiolysis, on the one hand, increases the yield of stabilized radicals and, on the other hand, decreases the destruction of the main carbon chain of the molecule; these interrelated factors result from the reaction of a fluorine atom with the double bond.
Large Strain and Fracture Properties of Poly(dimethylacrylamide)/Silica Hybrid Hydrogels (2010)

The synthesis and mechanical characterization of novel, tough poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA)−silica hydrogel hybrids are presented to understand the role played by strong physical interactions between silica nanoparticles and the PDMA polymer on the properties of chemically cross-linked highly swollen PDMA networks. A detailed comparison of the hybrids with unmodified PDMA gels indicates that the incorporation of silica nanoparticles in the hydrogel increases the compression strength and the fracture toughness of notched samples up to an order of magnitude while increasing its modulus by a factor of 6 with a volume fraction of particles of the order of only 7%. The hybrid gels present a strain-dependent hysteresis but no permanent damage or residual strain upon unloading even after repeated cycling, a very unique property for such tough hydrogels. The reason for this exceptional increase in toughness is attributed mainly to the combined effect of breakable silica/polymer bonds and of a wide distribution of elastic chain lengths.
Spatially controlled reversible colloidal self-assembly (2009)

We studied the localized self-assembly of colloidal crystals on a topographically patterned substrate. A competition between particle and pattern interactions provided the ability to reversibly assemble quasi-two-dimensional colloidal crystals on a periodic landscape. The assembly process was visualized and controlled in real-space and real-time using video microscopy. Independent measurements and computer simulations were used to quantify all interactions controlling self-assembly. Steady-state studies characterized spatially inhomogeneous, coexisting fluid and crystal microstructures at various stages of assembly. Microstructures arise from a balance of local sedimentation equilibria within potential energy features and a tunable pairwise depletion attraction between colloids. Transient colloidal crystal self-assembly occurred via a quasiequilibrium process as characterized by continuously evolving spatial profiles of local density, bond orientational order, and self-diffusivities.
Lewis blood group fucolipids and their isomers from human and canine intestine. (1982)

Glycolipids containing fucose linked to N-acetylglucosamine were isolated and characterized from 14 individual human and 13 individual dog intestines. From 8 of the dog intestines, Lewis a isomer fucolipids were isolated, all identical and having the structure Gal(beta 1 leads to 4)[Fuc alpha 1 leads to 3]GlcNAc(beta 1 leads to 3)Gal(beta 1 leads to 4)Glc-ceramide. Lewis b isomer fucolipids were isolated from 12 of the intestines, all identical and having the structure Fuc(alpha 1 leads to 2)Gal(beta 1 leads to 4)[Fuc alpha 1 leads to 3]GlcNAc(beta 1 leads to 3)Gal(beta 1 leads to 4)Glc-ceramide. Lewis a-active glycolipids were isolated as the sole major fucolipid in 6 of the human intestines and differed from the canine isomer only in the position of the linkage of galactose to N-acetylglucosamine, having the beta 1 leads to 3 (type 1) rather than the beta 1 leads to 4 (type 2) linkage. Lewis b-active fucolipids were isolated from 8 human intestines and differed from their canine isomer only in that they, too, had the type 1 rather than the type 2 oligosaccharide chain. Lewis a and b glycolipid isomers commonly co-existed in canine intestine as major fucolipids whereas Lewis a and b glycolipids did not so co-exist in human intestine. In all of the fucolipids, only hydroxylated fatty acids were present and phytosphingosine and sphingosine were the predominant long chain bases. These findings are of interest in the biosynthesis of these substances and in their genetic expression.