gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network infrastructure for massively distributed games (2002)

The popularity of hypertext documents led to the need for specific network infrastructure elements such as HTML caches, URL-based switches, web-server farms, and as a result created several new industries as companies rushed to fill that need. We contend that massive distributed games will have a similar impact on the Internet and will require similar dedicated support. This paper outlines some initial work on prototyping such support. Our approach is to combine highlevel game specific logic and low-level network awareness in a single network-based computation platform that we call a booster box.
High Density Growth of Indium seeded Silicon Nanowires in the Vapor phase of a High Boiling Point Solvent (2012)

Herein, we describe the growth of Si nanowires (NWs) in the vapor phase of an organic solvent medium on various substrates (Si, glass, and stainless steel) upon which an indium layer was evaporated. Variation of the reaction time allowed NW length and density to be controlled. The NWs grew via a predominantly root-seeded mechanism with discrete In catalyst seeds formed from the evaporated layer. The NWs and substrates were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The suitability of the indium seeded wires as anode components in Li batteries was probed using cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements. The route represents a versatile, glassware-based method for the formation of Si NWs directly on a variety of substrates.
HIGH MN, HIGH AL STEELS FOR THICK PLATE ARMOR APPLICATIONS (2018)

<title>ABSTRACT</title> <p>FeMnAlC alloys exhibit lower density (6.5-7.2 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) than traditional military steels (7.9 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) while maintaining similar energy absorption capabilities. Material substitutions in legacy systems must meet existing form/fit/function requirements, limiting opportunities for lightweighting of existing designs. This study examines production and material properties of thick plate with a nominal chemistry of 30% Mn, 9%Al and 1%C, in the wrought condition.</p> <p>Due to the high aluminum and carbon content, there are unique challenges to large scale (45+ ton heat) production versus typical armor steel chemistries. Lab-scale wrought and production material are characterized, comparing microstructure, and mechanical properties. Processing practices including teeming flux and rolling temperature are discussed. The high manganese content of this alloy presents challenges for welding and machining practices, such as limited compatibility of weld wires and substantial work hardening during many basic fabrication operations. Mechanical property data and micrographs from initial gas metal arc welding and machining are presented and discussed.</p>
Infectious Anemia Caused by a Parvovirus-Like Virus in Georgia Broilers (1989)

Pale chicks with necrotic dermatitis, small bursas of Fabricius (BFs), small thymuses, pale bone marrow, and watery blood were suspected of having parvovirus-like virus- (PVLV) associated disease. Histologic lesions included atrophy or hypoplasia of thymuses and BFs, and septic necrotizing clostridial dermatitis and hepatitis. Clostridium perfringens was cultured from skin and liver. A PVLV was isolated in a Marek's disease tumor cell line (MDCC-MSB1) culture and was identified by physicochemical, immunofluorescent, and morphologic features. This isolate was named GA-1 PVLV. Specific-antibody-negative chicks and embryos infected with heat- or chloroform-treated GA-1 PVLV developed anemia at the same rate. Control chicks never were anemic. This is the first isolation of PVLV from clinically ill chickens in the United States and the first report of PVLV-induced anemia in chickens in the Western Hemisphere.
Trashing IMSI catchers in mobile networks (2017)

We address the decades-old privacy problem of disclosure of the permanent subscriber identity (IMSI) that makes IMSI catchers a real threat to all generations of mobile networks. A number of possible modifications to existing protocols have been proposed to address the problem; however, most require significant changes to existing deployed infrastructures. We propose a novel authentication approach for 3G and 4G systems that does not affect intermediate entities, notably the serving network and mobile equipment. It prevents disclosure of the subscriber's IMSI by using a dynamic pseudo-IMSI that is only identifiable by the home network for the USIM. A major challenge in using dynamic pseudo-IMSIs is possible loss of identity synchronisation between USIM and home network, an issue that has not been adequately addressed in previous work. We present an approach for identity recovery to be used in the event of pseudo-IMSI desynchronisation. The scheme requires changes to the home network and the USIM, but not to the serving network, mobile phone or other internal network protocols, enabling simple, transparent and evolutionary migration. We provide a detailed analysis of the scheme, and verify its correctness and security properties using ProVerif.
The role of imiquimod 3.75% cream in the treatment of external genital warts. (2012)

Imiquimod 3.75% cream has recently been approved by both the U.S. Federal Drug Administration and Health Canada for the treatment of external genital warts. Herein, we provide an overview of external genital warts, review the phase 3 clinical trials leading to the approval of imiquimod 3.75% cream, and compare its efficacy and clinical use with imiquimod 5% cream. Moreover, therapeutic options have further expanded with the relatively recent introduction of sinecatechins 15% ointment, an extract of green tea leaves.
Preparation of well-ordered, oxygen-rich SnO2(110) surfaces via oxygen plasma treatment (1990)

The problems involved in preparing well-defined metal oxide surfaces are well known. We are investigating low power rf oxygen plasma treatment as a method for producing metal oxide surfaces of controlled stoichiometry and structure. The effects of exposing a 300 K oxygen deficient SnO2(110)−4×1 surface to an oxygen plasma (0.1 Torr) have been examined using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS), ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), and surface conductivity measurements. Results from the plasma-exposed surface have been compared to those obtained from a thermally oxidized (1 Torr O2, 700 K) SnO2(110) surface. LEED observations indicate that low energy ion bombardment processes associated with plasma exposure do not significantly damage (disorder) the surface. In addition, band gap states associated with oxygen vacancies are eliminated as shown by UPS. This is in accord with XPS data that show an increase in the surface O/Sn ratio. The elimination of oxygen vacancies, which act as donors in tin oxide, causes a drop in surface conductivity of two orders of magnitude and a band bending of approximately 0.5 eV compared to the sputter-annealed surface. The comparatively higher ISS O/Sn ratios as well as the larger band bending suggest that a more oxygen-rich tin oxide surface is obtained by room temperature plasma exposure than by high temperature oxidation at considerably higher O2 pressures.
Science and the Appropriation of Reality (2007)

It has been reported that the Hurons of Upper Canada greeted the intrusion of Jesuit missionaries, who were bent on inducting them into the one true faith, with the charge that they had 'no sense.' At about the same time Descartes was preparing the ground for a conception of good sense based on another kind of faith — in the unlimited powers of systematic, and especially mathematical, methods of reasoning. The irony is that when he famously observed that Good sense or Reason 'is by nature equal in all men,' he may have been unwittingly preparing the ground for the hegemony of a virulent bad sense that is fast becoming 'of all things in the world the most equally distributed.'2KeywordsGood SenseNatural PhilosopherModern ThoughtDarwinian PrincipleIntellectual LeaderThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Mannich reaction of dihydropyridine derivatives I. Reactions with secondary amines. (1980)

Dialkyl 4-aryl-1, 4-dihydro-2, 6-dimethylpyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylates (III) were subjected to the Mannich reaction with excess paraformaldehyde and secondary amine hydrochloride in boiling ethanolic solution. When the compounds III were treated with a 5-to 7-fold molar excess of the aldehyde and amine salt, 2, 6-bis (2-disubstituted aminoethyl)-dihydropyridine derivatives (V) were obtained in good yields. On treatment with a 2- to 3-fold molar excess of the reactants, compounds III were converted to 2-(2-disubstituted aminoethyl)-6-methyldihydropyridine derivatives (IV) and V. When dioxane was used as a solvent with a 6-fold molar excess of the reactants, the tetrakis (dimethylaminomethyl) derivative (VII) was obtained.
The Influentials: Back to the Concept of Opinion Leaders? (1991)

The concept of opinion leadership has been related to a lingering theoretical and methodological debate. The present study examines a new measure to identify opinion leaders (the Strength of Personality Scale) developed by the Allensbach Survey Center in Germany. The results of applying this measure in Germany and Israel allowed the testing of its validity and efficiency. The findings, however, do not suggest that the influentials identified by this scale are opinion leaders according to the original conceptualization, but fit better the more sophisticated characterization of opinion leadership that stemmed from modifications of the original concept of opinion leaders.
Microprocessor Application to Standard Spirometry (1979)

A microprocessor for pulmonary function testing is described. The system employs a KIM-1 microprocessor, with 2K read-only memory and 1K random-access memory, a Datel 12 bit A/D converter and power supply. The system is programmed on a linear basis, and displays standard pulmonary function values and ratios of ATPS BTPS.
Innovative mobile marketing via smartphones (2012)

Purpose Smartphone adoption by consumers is increasing exponentially, and presents marketers with many new opportunites to reach and serve customers. However, are consumers ready for mobile marketing through their smartphones? This study aims to investigate consumers' willingness to accept marketing through their smartphones. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on an online survey of 428 respondents. The data is analyzed through ANOVA and regression analysis. Findings The results indicate that consumers' shopping style, brand trust, and value are key motivations for engaging in mobile marketing through their smartphones. Further research should focus on specific tactics marketers use to engage customers beyond marketing messages, that is, how they engage customers in dialogue to build relationships, encourage purchases and build loyalty. This could reveal how customers really want to engage in mobile marketing. Research limitations/implications This research adds to the growing body of evidence on acceptance of mobile marketing. Practical implications This study found that successful enagement of customers in mobile marketing requires that marketers focus their strategies and tactics around value creation; getting customers to engage with their brand in an authentic way; and respecting customers' shopping style, i.e. engaging customers the way they want to be engaged. Marketers must listen to their customers and develop appropriate strategies rather than simply adapting existing marketing strategies. Originality/value The topic of mobile marketing through smartphones is important to both marketing executives and marketing researchers. To date, this topic has attracted little research attention and marketing executives are simply basing their decsions on anecdotal case studies and reports in the popular press. This study contributes to fulfilling the need for research evidence.
Intra-Complex Energy Transfer of Europium(III) Complexes Containing Anthracene and Phenanthrene Moieties (2009)

Laser excitation and luminescence studies were carried out for an ethanol solution of tris(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)europium(III), Eu(hfac)(3)(H(2)O)(2) (1), and n-hexane solutions of tris(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)europium(III) bis(9-diisopropylphosphorylanthracene), Eu(hfac)(3)(DiPAnO)(2) (2), and tris(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)europium(III) bis(2-diisopropylphosphorylphenanthrene), Eu(hfac)(3)(DiPPheO)(2) (3). The absorption spectra of 2 and 3 in n-hexane are interpreted by assuming that the central Eu(III) ion weakly interacts with the DiPAnO and DiPPheO moieties. The emission spectroscopic studies revealed that (1) Eu(hfac)(3)(DiPAnO)(2) emits only fluorescence from the DiPAnO moiety and (2) Eu(hfac)(3)(DiPPheO)(2) gives luminescence from the central Eu(III) ion, and (3) Eu(hfa)(3)(H(2)O)(2) and Eu(hfac)(3)(DiPPheO)(2) afford emission from both the (5)D(1) and (5)D(0) states of the Eu(III) ion upon 355 nm laser excitation. The intracomplex energy transfer processes are presented on the basis of absorption, emission and laser excitation studies.
Cocaine and Cocaethylene Binding to Human Milk (1998)

The binding of cocaine and its ethyl analog, cocaethylene, to human milk was studied using equilibrium dialysis at 4 degrees C. For cocaine, a low-affinity, high-capacity binder was noted (equilibrium constant of association, Ka, 3.12 x 10(3) L/mol; concentration of binding sites, B0, 3.85 x 10(-4) mol/L), as well as a very low affinity, high-capacity binder (Ka, 7.54 x 10(2) L/mol; B0, 1.42 x 10(-3) mol/L). For cocaethylene, 2 low-affinity, high-capacity binders were suggested: a stronger (Ka, 3.79 x 10(3) L/mol; B0, 3.27 x 10(-4) mol/L) and a weaker (Ka, 1.84 x 10(3) L/mol; B0, 8.91 x 10(-4) mol/L) binder The low-affinity, high-capacity binder for cocaine and cocaethylene seems to be albumin, while the weaker nonspecific binding may be due to lipids. Up to 55% of cocaine and up to 61% of cocaethylene were bound to milk; such binding, coupled with the lower pH of milk (6.9) relative to that of serum (7.4), may enhance the mammary secretion of these 2 basic drugs, having important consequences for the nursing infant.
Revisiting the structure and functions of the linker histone C-terminal tail domain (2003)

Linker histones stabilize folded chromatin, acting through their long C-terminal tails. The C-termini contain high percentages of evenly distributed lysine and arginine residues and have no secondary structure in solution. Hence, it has generally been believed that the C-termini function by shielding negative charges on the DNA backbone. However, recent evidence supports a mechanism of action of the linker histone C-terminus that involves formation of specific secondary structure(s) upon interaction with other components of the chromatin fiber.
The Murine GABA <sub>A</sub> Receptor δ-Subunit Gene: Structure and Assignment to Human Chromosome 1 (1990)

The murine chromosomal gene for the GABAA receptor delta subunit was isolated and characterized by high-resolution mapping and DNA sequencing. Spanning 13 kb, it comprises nine exons and displays an intron pattern comparable, but not identical, to that seen in members of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor family. Notably, the second transmembrane domain thought to line the ion channel and conserved among different GABAA receptor subunits, is interrupted by an intron. The 5'-flanking region of the delta gene displays features characteristic of a CpG island and lacks canonical promoter elements such as TATA and CCAAT consensus sequences in proximity to the transcriptional initiation site. The human delta subunit gene was localized on the short arm of chromosome 1.
Oxidative stability of high oleic sunflower and safflower oils (1985)

Abstract High oleic sunflower seed progenies derived from normal seed by chemical mutagenesis were extracted and their oils refined by standard laboratory procedures. Oxidative stability was related directly to linoleic acid content with an AOM value of 100 hr obtained at 1% linoleate. Data is presented comparing linoleate concentration and oxidative stability of oils obtained from normal sunflower seed and high linoleic (normal) and high oleic (naturally induced mutations) varieties of safflower seed.
Transparent nanopaper with tailored optical properties (2013)

Nanopaper is a flexible, transparent, and renewable substrate that is emerging as a replacement for plastic in printed "green" electronics. The underlying science of transparency of nanopaper is that the diameter of these fibers is much smaller than the light wavelength, which significantly decreases the light scattering as compared to regular fibers. Cellulose fibers have a hierarchical structure, which consists of numerous smaller fibers. In this manuscript, we demonstrate a nanopaper design with different fiber diameters, and conclude that the light transmittance and scattering depend on the fiber diameter and packing density. The optical properties of the nanopaper and their dependence on the cellulose fiber diameter are thoroughly explained through Chandrasekhar's radiative-transfer theory and multiple scattering method simulations. The controllable optical properties of highly transparent nanopaper present an unprecedented opportunity for growth of next-generation optoelectronics.
The shadow sensor: an electronic activity pattern sensor. (1991)

In their endeavor to measure time that individuals spend indoors, outdoors, and in transit, human activity pattern experts would be greatly assisted by a personal electronic sensor. This article reports on the design and pilot testing of an electronic device that measures activity patterns. The electronic sensor is small, unobstrusive, weighs about one pound, and records for 24 hr. The sensor identifies the microenvironment and the time spent in that microenvironment. Four types of experiments were performed during the pilot testing of the prototype: (1) quality control experiments; (2) other-directed experiments; (3) sensor vs. diary experiments; and (4) sensor vs. recall experiments. The prototype testing involved a total of 40 subjects. Quality control experiments were designed to test the accuracy of the sensor. Other-directed experiments were designed to test the veracity of test subjects. The subjects were told that the sensor was a pollutant-measuring device and were asked to record their activity patterns on a diary attached to the sensor. In the sensor vs. diary experiments the subjects were told the purpose of the sensor and were given a diary to record their activity patterns. In the sensor vs. recall experiments the subjects knew the objective of the electronic sensor, but they were not forewarned that they would be required to recall their activity patterns. The daily activity pattern difference across all microenvironments was the parameter used to quantify the discrepancy of information obtained from sensor and diary data. This activity pattern difference was more than three hours for the other-directed experiments, approximately two hr for both the sensor vs. diary and the sensor vs. recall experiments, and 18 min for the quality control experiments. The sensor provides an accurate description of activity patterns, and can be used to measure population activity patterns and/or evaluate the reliability of such information obtained by other methods.
Activity of nitric oxide-generating compounds against encephalomyocarditis virus (1996)

Nitric oxide (NO) generated by two NO donors (sodium nitroprusside or S-nitroso-L-glutathione) was shown to exert a dose-dependent inhibition of encephalomyocarditis virus growth in L-929 cells. This activity was not due to the cytotoxic or direct virucidal effects of NO donors. L-929 cells were shown to produce NO endogenously, but this low level of production did not counter encephalomyocarditis virus replication.
Regulation of Sialic Acid 9-O-Acetylation during the Growth and Differentiation of Murine Erythroleukemia Cells (1996)

Sialic acids are typically found at the terminal position on vertebrate oligosaccharides. They are sometimes modified by an O-acetyl ester at the 9-position, potentially altering recognition of sialic acid by antibodies, lectins, and viruses. 9-O-Acetylation is known to be selectively expressed on gangliosides in melanoma cells and on N-linked chains in hepatocytes. Using a recently developed probe, we show here that in murine erythroleukemia cells, this modification is selectively expressed on another class of oligosaccharides, O-linked chains carried on cell surface sialomucins. These cells also express 9-O-acetylation on the ganglioside GD3, but this modification appears to be undetectable on the cell surface. Increasing cell density in culture is associated with a decrease in cell surface 9-O-acetylation of sialomucins. This change correlates with the spontaneous differentiation toward a mature erythroid phenotype. This down-regulation upon differentiation and entry into the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle is confirmed by differentiation-inducing agents. In contrast, cells arrested in G2/M by the microtubule depolymerizing agent nocodazole show increased expression of cell surface 9-O-acetylated sialomucins (but not the 9-O-acetylated ganglioside). However, the microtubule stabilizer taxol does not induce this increase, showing that the nocodazole effect is independent of cell cycle stage. Indeed, direct analysis showed no correlation of 9-O-acetylation with cell cycle stage in rapidly growing cells, and shorter treatments with nocodazole also increased expression. Western blots of cell extracts confirmed that changes caused by differentiation and nocodazole are not due to redistribution of molecules from the cell surface. Indeed, following selective removal of 9-O-acetyl groups from the cell surface by a specific esterase, the recovery of expression is mediated by new synthesis rather than by redistribution from an internal pool. Thus, 9-O-acetylation on these sialomucins appears to be primarily regulated by the rate of synthesis, and the increase with nocodazole treatment is likely due to the inhibition of turnover of cell surface molecules. These data show that 9-O-acetylation of sialic acids in murine erythroleukemia cells is a highly regulated modification, being selectively expressed in a cell type-specific manner on certain classes of oligosaccharides and differentially regulated with regard to subcellular localization and to the state of cellular differentiation.
Mechanical Shear Degradation of Polymers in Solution: A Review. (1976)

A review is given of the breakdown of polymers in solution caused by the application of mechanical shear energy. The characteristics of different degrading devices are mentioned together with the factors which determine the rate and extent of breakdown. The energetics and possible mechanisms of degradation are discussed. Finally, a more critical overall view is given of the results in order to list the conclusions which can be supported by the majority of evidence. (Author)
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of new 1-oxa-1-dethiacephalosporins (1980)

A series of 3-(deacetoxymethyl)-1-oxa-1-dethiacephalosporins (1) bearing the 7-(alpha-alkoxyimono)acyl side chain were synthesized and their antibacterial properties were examined in comparison with that of FK-749 (2). (Z)-2-(Ethoxyimino)-2-(2 aminothiazol-4-yl)acetic acid was found to be a prefered side chain in the 1-oxa series, and the derivative 18b with this side chain proved to be a potential broad-spectrum antibiotic not at all inferior to 2.