gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aromatic substitution of olefins. XXV. Reactivity of benzene, naphthalene, ferrocene, and furan toward styrene, and the substituent effect on the reaction of monosubstituted benzenes with styrene (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic substitution of olefins. XXV. Reactivity of benzene, naphthalene, ferrocene, and furan toward styrene, and the substituent effect on the reaction of monosubstituted benzenes with styreneYuzo Fujiwara, Ryuzo Asano, Ichiro Moritani, and Shiichiro TeranishiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 10, 1681–1683Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00872a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00872a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1658Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RE-B-C-N Multi-Elements Deep Penetration of 20CrMnTi Steel Pressure Roller (2005)

The RE-B-C-N multi-elements deep penetration of 20CrMnTi steel was researched,and the microstructure,hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the penetrated layer were tested and analyzed.The results show that,compared with the carbonitriding process,the hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the RE-B-C-N multi-elements deep penetrated layer are improved remarkably,and the service life of 20CrMnTi steel pressure roller treating by carbonitriding is prolonged by about 40%.
Do Plasma Concentrations of Δ<sup>9</sup>‐Tetrahydrocannabinol Reflect the Degree of Intoxication? (1981)

Plasma concentrations of THC were measured by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry following three routes of administration and correlated with clinical effects. Plasma concentrations peaked at 3 minutes after intravenous injection and then sharply declined. The peak "high" occurred at 30 minutes while plasma concentrations were declining. This lag between plasma concentration and "high" continued during most of the span of the drug's effects. The situation was quite similar following smoking, except that peak plasma concentrations were lower. After oral administration of THC, absorption was slow, with peak concentration occurring at 1 to 2 hours. Plasma concentrations were much lower. Correlations between plasma concentrations of drug and "high" were significant but not impressive. The degree of "high" was quite variable in relation to the prevailing plasma concentration. Conjunctival injection was found so long as plasma concentration of THC could be measured. Pulse rate increases occurred at lower concentration after oral administration than after the other two routes. It is unlikely that a range of plasma concentrations can be reliably equated with impaired performance. The mode of administration will become important should THC or some homolog become a therapeutic agent.
Vectors, promoters, and expression of genes in chick embryos. (1990)

Transgenic chickens were produced by injecting the Day-1 egg with 10(5) infectious particles of a replication-competent virus based on the Schmidt-Ruppin A strain of Rous sarcoma virus. The chickens were resistant to transforming subgroup A virus containing the src gene but not the corresponding subgroup B virus. Transgenic chickens producing bovine growth hormone (bGH) were generated using a modified virus containing the Bryan high titre polymerase gene. The virus was constructed with the bGH gene and the mouse metallothionein promoter in the reverse orientation relative to the viral structural genes. Two male chickens produced serum concentrations of approximately 100 ng bGH/ml; the birds were larger than controls and matured more rapidly. Transgenic mice required for the analysis of skeletal muscle-specific expression in vivo were produced using 5'-flanking regions of the chicken alpha-skeletal actin promoter linked to a luciferase reporter gene to determine the region essential for tissue-specific expression. The defined promoter sequences are to be used in experiments designed to direct expression of growth-promoting genes in skeletal muscle of chickens.
Soil erosion control in process in western Iowa (1958)

A previous study of the problems of controlling soil erosion losses on a sample of 144 farms in western Iowa indicated that several factors, largely economic in nature, were usually responsible for the failure of farm operators to use the practices necessary to reduce soil losses. Built upon the findings of this earlier research, the purpose of this second study was to examine further each farm situation and to determine whether changes in these obstacle factors were responsible for corresponding changes in the rate of soil loss. A second objective, to be treated in another bulletin, is to develop measures to overcome some of the obstacles in order to encourage a more effective and wider use of erosion-control practices.\nProgress among farmers in reducing soil erosion losses in western Iowa has been slow. This analysis of practices in the 144 sample farms showed an average decline of only 1.5 tons per acre in the annual rate of soil loss from 1949 through 1952. This average decline is misleading, however, because 69 farms increased erosion losses about 7 tons per acre per year, while 70 farms decreased erosion losses about 9 tons per acre per year. Individual farms revealed wide variations. The modal group's loss was 5 tons greater in the resurvey. The average rate of loss on all farms was still nearly 20 tons per acre annually. As a group, the operators had not succeeded in reaching their own goals of erosion control (16 tons per acre annually) which they had suggested 4 years earlier. If those goals had been reached, the average annual soil loss would have been reduced by 4 tons per acre, which is still about four times the conservation technicians' goal of 5 tons per acre of permissible soil-losses.
Real-time probabilistic fusion of sparse 3D LIDAR and dense stereo (2016)

Real-time 3D perception is critical for localisation, mapping, path planning and obstacle avoidance for mobile robots and autonomous vehicles. For outdoor operation in real-world environments, 3D perception is often provided by sparse 3D LIDAR scanners, which provide accurate but low-density depth maps, and dense stereo approaches, which require significant computational resources for accurate results. Here, taking advantage of the complementary error characteristics of LIDAR range sensing and dense stereo, we present a probabilistic method for fusing sparse 3D LIDAR data with stereo images to provide accurate dense depth maps and uncertainty estimates in real-time. We evaluate the method on data collected from a small urban autonomous vehicle and the KITTI dataset, providing accuracy results competitive with state-of-the-art stereo approaches and credible uncertainty estimates that do not misrepresent the true errors, and demonstrate real-time operation on a range of low-power GPU systems.
Engineering pro-angiogenic peptides using stable, disulfide-rich cyclic scaffolds (2011)

Fragments from the extracellular matrix proteins laminin and osteopontin and a sequence from VEGF have potent proangiogenic activity despite their small size (< 10 residues). However, these linear peptides have limited potential as drug candidates for therapeutic angiogenesis because of their poor stability. In the present study, we show that the therapeutic potential of these peptides can be significantly improved by "grafting" them into cyclic peptide scaffolds. Momordica cochinchinensis trypsin inhibitor-II (MCoTI-II) and sunflower trypsin inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1), naturally occurring, plant-derived cyclic peptides of 34 and 14 residues, respectively, were used as scaffolds in this study. Using this approach, we have designed a peptide that, in contrast to the small peptide fragments, is stable in human serum and at nanomolar concentration induces angiogenesis in vivo. This is the first report of using these scaffolds to improve the activity and stability of angiogenic peptide sequences and is a promising approach for promoting angiogenesis for therapeutic uses.
On the Age of Information in Status Update Systems With Packet Management (2016)

We consider a communication system in which status updates arrive at a source node, and should be transmitted through a network to the intended destination node. The status updates are samples of a random process under observation, transmitted as packets, which also contain the time stamp to identify when the sample was generated. The age of the information available to the destination node is the time elapsed, since the last received update was generated. In this paper, we model the source-destination link using the queuing theory, and we assume that the time it takes to successfully transmit a packet to the destination is an exponentially distributed service time. We analyze the age of information in the case that the source node has the capability to manage the arriving samples, possibly discarding packets in order to avoid wasting network resources with the transmission of stale information. In addition to characterizing the average age, we propose a new metric, called peak age, which provides information about the maximum value of the age, achieved immediately before receiving an update.
Angelman syndrome-associated ubiquitin ligase UBE3A/E6AP mutants interfere with the proteolytic activity of the proteasome (2015)

Angelman syndrome, a severe neurodevelopmental disease, occurs primarily due to genetic defects, which cause lack of expression or mutations in the wild-type E6AP/UBE3A protein. A proportion of the Angelman syndrome patients bear UBE3A point mutations, which do not interfere with the expression of the full-length protein, however, these individuals still develop physiological conditions of the disease. Interestingly, most of these mutations are catalytically defective, thereby indicating the importance of UBE3A enzymatic activity role in the Angelman syndrome pathology. In this study, we show that Angelman syndrome-associated mutants interact strongly with the proteasome via the S5a proteasomal subunit, resulting in an overall inhibitory effect on the proteolytic activity of the proteasome. Our results suggest that mutated catalytically inactive forms of UBE3A may cause defects in overall proteasome function, which could have an important role in the Angelman syndrome pathology.
Binding of Secretory Component to Dimers of Immunoglobulin A <i>in vitro</i> (1974)

The binding of human free secretory component to four different dimeric myeloma immunoglobulins A has been studied in vitro. Two of the immunoglobulin dimer preparations bound equimolar amounts of secretory component, while the other two showed lower binding capacity. The 1:1 molar complexes were investigated further. A certain number of antigenic determinants of secretory component were buried upon complex formation, while no corresponding blocking of immunoglobin A determinants could be detected. The molecular weights of the complexes (about 420000) agreed well with that of naturally occurring secretory immunoglobulin A, as did their shape and conformation, the latter as studied by optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism. Thus the binding of secretory component to dimeric immunoglobulin A in vitro can be used as a model to elucidate the interactions between the two moieties in secretory immunoglobulin A. These interactions appear to have both a noncovalent and a covalent component. Only minimal conformational changes accompany complex formation, indicating that the noncovalent interactions between the two proteins involve no major structural rearrangements of either molecule.
Quantum electronics and electro-optics : proceedings of the fifth National Quantum Electronics Conference, Hull University, Hull, September 1981 (1983)

An up-to-date review of current laser research. Leading authorities present the results of their work on rare gas halide lasers; CO2 lasers; quantum optics; infrared spectroscopy and photochemistry; remote sensing; and laser applications.
Reactions of Alkynes and Olefins with Tantalum Hydrides Containing Aryloxide Ancillary Ligation:  Relevance to Catalytic Hydrogenation (1999)

The reactivity of the three hydride compounds [Ta(OC6H3Ph2-2,6)2(H)2Cl(PMe3)2] (1), [Ta(OC6H3Pri2-2,6)2(H)2Cl(PMe2Ph)2] (2), and [Ta(OC6H3But2-2,6)2(H)2Cl(PMePh2)] (3) toward olefins and alkynes has been investigated. The reactivity observed is highly dependent on the nature of the ancillary aryloxide ligands. The 2,6-diphenylphenoxide 1 reacts with styrene to produce 1 equiv of ethylbenzene and the styrene adduct [Ta(OC6H3Ph2-2,6)2(η2-CH2CHPh)Cl(PMe3)] (5). In contrast, 1 reacts with 3-hexyne to eliminate H2 along with formation of the analogous alkyne complex 6. Structural studies of 5 and 6 show a square-pyramidal geometry with an axial olefin (alkyne) unit lying along the Cl−Ta−P axis. Structural parameters support a tantalacyclopropane (tantalacyclopropene) bonding picture for these molecules. Compound 5 is converted back into 1 under H2 along with formation of PhEt. The dihydride 2 reacts with styrene to form 1 equiv of PhEt, H2, and the dehydrogenation product [Ta(OC6H3Pri-η2-CMeCH2)(OC6H3Pri2-2,6)Cl(PMe2Ph)2] (7). The related adduct [Ta(OC6H3Pri-η2-CMeCH2)(OC6H3Pri2-2,6)Cl(PEt3)2] (9) was isolated by treatment of [Ta(OC6H3Pri2-2,6)2Cl3] with PEt3/Bu3SnH and was structurally characterized. Labeling studies show that the H2 generated comes exclusively from the aryloxide o-Pri group which was dehydrogenated. Both hydrides initially attached to the metal are transferred to the olefin substrate. In the case of the 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide compound 3, reaction with styrene generates the mono-cyclometalated compound [Ta(OC6H3ButCMe2CH2)(OC6H3But2-2,6)(CH2CH2Ph)Cl] (9). Structural studies of 9 confirm the presence of a phenethyl group. The related trans-phenylvinyl compound 10 is produced when 3 is reacted with phenylacetylene. Addition of 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide (xyNC) to 10 produces the bis(iminoacyl) derivative 11, in which xyNC has inserted into the cyclometalated carbon as well as the Ta−CHCHPh bond in 10. Structural studies of 11 confirmed the trans arrangement of the hydrogen atoms in the phenylvinyl group. Mechanistic studies of the formation of 10 and 11 show the presence of two competing pathways. The first involves direct elimination of H2 from the dihydride and formation of an intermediate olefin/alkyne adduct. The product then arises by CH bond activation of the aryloxide with the hydrogen transferring to a carbon atom of the tantalacyclopropane (tantalacyclopropene) ring. The second pathway involves insertion of olefin/alkyne into a Ta−H bond followed by CH bond activation by the remaining hydride.
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Marks the Initiation of Follicular Growth in the Rat1 (1995)

Despite expanding knowledge on the kinetic aspects of folliculogenesis, the question of what initiates follicle growth remains unanswered. Efforts to solve this problem have been thwarted by the absence of sensitive markers to identify the onset of follicular growth. In this study, we determined whether increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) correlates with initiation of follicle growth and might therefore be useful for studying early events in this process. Paraffin sections of ovaries from cycling adult rats, prepubertal eCG+hCG-primed rats, and prepubertal control rats were processed for immunocytochemistry by use of a PCNA primary antibody. In primordial follicles, neither granulosa cells nor oocytes stained for PCNA. PCNA immunoreactivity coincided with the earliest sign of follicle growth, appearing in pregranulosa cells of early primary follicles just beginning to grow. In all primary follicles, some granulosa cells were PCNA-positive. PCNA immunoreactivity in oocytes first appeared in primary follicles, preceding oocyte enlargement. In preantral and antral follicles, granulosa cell PCNA staining was uniform throughout the granulosa cell layers. Oocytes were positive for PCNA in both preantral and antral follicles. PCNA expression diminished in atretic follicles. In CL, granulosa cell PCNA expression was also decreased. Theca cell PCNA expression was first evident in the transitional follicle (1-2-layer granulosa cells) and was present in all stages thereafter. The pattern of PCNA expression did not differ among adult cycling, prepubertal eCG+hCG-stimulated, and control rat ovaries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fabrication and Performance of MEMS-Based Pressure Sensor Packages Using Patterned Ultra-Thick Photoresists (2009)

A novel plastic packaging of a piezoresistive pressure sensor using a patterned ultra-thick photoresist is experimentally and theoretically investigated. Two pressure sensor packages of the sacrifice-replacement and dam-ring type were used in this study. The characteristics of the packaged pressure sensors were investigated by using a finite-element (FE) model and experimental measurements. The results show that the thermal signal drift of the packaged pressure sensor with a small sensing-channel opening or with a thin silicon membrane for the dam-ring approach had a high packaging induced thermal stress, leading to a high temperature coefficient of span (TCO) response of -0.19% span/°C. The results also show that the thermal signal drift of the packaged pressure sensors with a large sensing-channel opening for sacrifice-replacement approach significantly reduced packaging induced thermal stress, and hence a low TCO response of -0.065% span/°C. However, the packaged pressure sensors of both the sacrifice-replacement and dam-ring type still met the specification -0.2% span/°C of the unpackaged pressure sensor. In addition, the size of proposed packages was 4 × 4 × 1.5 mm(3) which was about seven times less than the commercialized packages. With the same packaging requirement, the proposed packaging approaches may provide an adequate solution for use in other open-cavity sensors, such as gas sensors, image sensors, and humidity sensors.
Biomarkers for In Situ Detection of Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing (Anammox) Bacteria (2005)

\n Contains fulltext :\n 34251.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
A scalable memory system design (2002)

This paper proposes a new scalable memory architecture with pipeline technique and systolic data flow. We divided entire memory into N/spl times/N sub-memory blocks and placed them onto scalable two-dimensional array that has communication channel of partial binary tree structure. Operating speed is not determined by entire memory size but only by the access time of a single sub-memory block. This architecture is suitable for applications where memory access is random and bursty and high throughput is of major importance. The initial latency is N+3 cycles for N/spl times/N sub-memory block array because of three directional data flow. The 4 k-bit sized prototype with 4/spl times/4 sub-memory block array was designed using 0.8 /spl mu/m two metal CMOS technology. The minimum clock speed is 5.1 ns. The chip size is 35 mm/spl times/3.5 mm.
Constituents of Withania somnifera Dun. III. The Side Chain of Withaferin A<sup>*,1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConstituents of Withania somnifera Dun. III. The Side Chain of Withaferin A*,1David Lavie, Erwin Glotter, and Youval ShvoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 6, 1774–1778Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01017a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views387Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (668 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
NEW MINIMUM-COMPONENT OTA-BASED (1996)

Using a general oscillator structure, new oscillator circuits are systematically derived. These oscillator circuits use two operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and one externally connected passive element, exploiting the inherent zeros of the OTAs to advantage. The feasibility of obtaining oscillation using only two OTAs without externally connected passive elements is investigated. Experimental results are included.
Preparation of Ag/SiO<sub>2</sub> Nanosize Composites by a Reverse Micelle and Sol−Gel Technique (1999)

Spherical nanosize Ag/SiO2 composite particles have been synthesized within reverse micelles via metal alkoxide hydrolysis and condensation. The size of the particles and the thickness of the coating can be controlled by manipulating the relative rates of the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) within the microemulsion. Composite particles in the size range 20−35 nm are produced. As the molar ratio of water to surfactant is increased above 10, the size distribution broadens. Absorption spectra have been used to dynamically monitor the reaction and growth. The effects of other synthesis parameters, such as the molar ratio of water to TEOS and the amount of base catalyst, are discussed. Possible mechanisms for the formation of the nanocomposite particles are also discussed.
Dramatic Improvement in Sexual Function Induced by Intranasal Oxytocin (2012)

This is the first case we are aware of documenting broad-spectrum benefits of chronic intranasal oxytocin on male sexual function. Future trials of oxytocin for psychiatric indications should specifically monitor its effects on sexuality, and trials directly investigating oxytocin's impact on aspects of sexual function are warranted.