gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utilization-Aware Self-Tuning Design for TLC Flash Storage Devices (2016)

The high-density, low-cost triple-level-cell (TLC) flash memory has gradually dominated the flash storage market because of the fast-growing demand for storage capacity. However, the advances of manufacturing technologies also make TLC flash memory suffer serious performance degradation compared with the low-density, high-performance single-level-cell (SLC) flash memory. To address this issue, some vendors enable blocks of TLC flash memory to work as high-performance, low-density SLC blocks. In contrast to the past research that allocates a fixed number of TLC blocks as SLC blocks to improve the device performance to a certain degree, we propose a utilization-aware self-tuning design to trade more unused storage capacity for better system performance. The introduced design dynamically adjusts and maximizes the number of SLC blocks according to the amount of data stored in the storage device at runtime. With the self-tuning design, a flash storage device can not only achieve high access performance but also provide enough storage capacity. The performance and capability of proposed design were evaluated by a series of experiments, and the results are very encouraging.
Crosslinking efficiency of gelatin hardeners (1968)

Abstract By using the criteria of melting point and sol fraction, a study has been made of the stoichiometric efficiencies of hardeners for gelatin, as distinct from their rates of reaction. The factors which affect these measurements were investigated. Both melting point and sol fraction distinguish gelatins in respect of molecular weight and origin. Sol fraction measurements give evidence of molecular weight distribution. Various hardeners have a wide range of molecular efficiencies, and these do not correlate with rates of reaction as judged from solution viscosity rise methods. Sol fraction measurements can separate hardeners which would have been considered similar from melting point behavior.
The Structural Basis for the Selectivity of Benzotriazole Inhibitors of PTP1B (2003)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been implicated in the regulation of the insulin signaling pathway and represents an attractive target for the design of inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Inspection of the structure of PTP1B indicates that potent PTP1B inhibitors may be obtained by targeting a secondary aryl phosphate-binding site as well as the catalytic site. We report here the crystal structures of PTP1B in complex with first and second generation aryldifluoromethyl-phosphonic acid inhibitors. While all compounds bind in a previously unexploited binding pocket near the primary binding site, the second generation compounds also reach into the secondary binding site, and exhibit moderate selectivity for PTP1B over the closely related T-cell phosphatase. The molecular basis for the selectivity has been confirmed by single point mutation at position 52, where the two phosphatases differ by a phenylalanine-to-tyrosine switch. These compounds present a novel platform for the development of potent and selective PTP1B inhibitors.
Epithelial Wound Healing after Cataract Surgery Comparing Two Different Topical Fluoroquinolones (2013)

There were no differences on epithelial wound healing comparing these two different fluoroquinolones at the incision site of cataract surgery.
Characterization and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Evaluation of a New Amide-Functionalized Reversed Phase Column (1996)

Abstract A new amide-functionalized silica stationary phase, Supelcosil ABZ− Plus, suitable for reversed phase HPLC applications, was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid-state 29Si and 13C CP/MAS NMR and FTIR. The degree of hydration of this material was found to be much higher compared to amide-functionalized silica phases prepared by acid chloride treatment of aminopropylsilylated silica reported earlier and also compared to conventional C18 reversed phase columns. The liquid chromatographic performance of this ABZ+ Plus column was found to be superior to the C18 columns, especially for polar analytes. The enhanced selectivity and better peak shape with this ABZ− Plus material was attributed to greater compositional differences between the surface and mobile phases coupled with more effective shielding of residual silanols and a more oriented alkyl chain structure.
Exhaust Nozzle Plume and Shock Wave Interaction (2013)

Fundamental research for sonic boom reduction is needed to quantify the interaction of shock waves generated from the aircraft wing or tail surfaces with the exhaust plume. Both the nozzle exhaust plume shape and the tail shock shape may be affected by an interaction that may alter the vehicle sonic boom signature. The plume and shock interaction was studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation on two types of convergent-divergent nozzles and a simple wedge shock generator. The nozzle plume effects on the lower wedge compression region are evaluated for two- and three-dimensional nozzle plumes. Results show that the compression from the wedge deflects the nozzle plume and shocks form on the deflected lower plume boundary. The sonic boom pressure signature of the wedge is modified by the presence of the plume, and the computational predictions show significant (8 to 15 percent) changes in shock amplitude.
Overcommitting Memory by Initiative Share from KVM Guests (2014)

In virtualized environments, physical resources are abstracted as resource pool for provisioning, services consolidation, and service on demand. Traditional virtual machines are often over-provisioned to provide peak performance guarantees and thus waste a lot of memory resources. In this paper we propose a novel Initiatively Share Based Memory Overcommitting scheme, namely, IMR, to improve the memory utilization further. In IMR, guest virtual machine kernels are hacked with initiatively share functionality such that the guests can cooperatively share unused memory with the hypervisor, and consequently some of the possible page swapping and merging in such virtual machines are eliminated. The experimental results in shadow page tables and extended page tables scenarios show that our IMR approach not only improves the memory utilization but also has microsecond-level time overheads for shared memory reclaim, which outperforms the memory optimization schemes such as millisecond-level KSM (Kernel Same-page Merging) in best cases and millisecond-level page swapping at average.
Searching for Compact Hierarchical Structures in DNA by means of the Smallest Grammar Problem (2011)

Motivated by the goal of discovering hierarchical structures inside DNA sequences, we address the Smallest Grammar Problem, the problem of finding a smallest context-free grammar that generates exactly one sequence. This NP-Hard problem has been widely studied for applications like Data Compression, Structure Discovery and Algorithmic Information Theory. We give a new formalisation of this problem in form of a complete and correct search space. This search space is based on the decomposition of the problem into two complementary optimisation problems. The first one consists in choosing which substrings of the sequence will become the constituents of the final grammar. The second problem is concerned with how to combine these substrings in an optimal way. We called this the "Minimal Grammar Parsing" problem and give a polynomial solution for it. Thanks to this decomposition, we are able to define new algorithms that outperform the state-of-the-art one by 10% regarding the final grammar size. We are particularly interested in the feasibility of these algorithms. For this, we analyse the impact of using different maximality classes of repeats and the tradeoff between efficiency and final grammar size. We also present algorithmic improvements for existing off-line algorithms, which include a careful in-place update of an enhanced suffix array. Regarding the applications, we consider the impact of the non-uniqueness of smallest grammars on Structure Discovery. We prove that the number of smallest grammars can be exponential in the size of the sequence and then analyse the stability of the discovered structures between minimal grammars for real-life examples. With respect to Data Compression, we divide a grammar-based compressor into three different steps and consider each of them separately. We then define a new algorithm that optimises the size of the final bitstream instead of the size of the grammar. Applying it on DNA sequences show that this algorithm outperforms any other DNA specific grammar-based compressor. We improve over this result by using inexact repeats, namely rigid patterns and achieve compression rate up to 25% better compared to the previous best DNA grammar-based coder. Besides obtaining better compression rate, this approach also permits to envisages interesting continuations of this work to generalise the resulting grammars.
An optical sensor array on a flexible substrate with integrated organic opto-electric devices (2010)

A new optical integrated sensor array for multi-analyte sensing applications is presented. The sensor platform consists of monolithically integrated luminescent sensor spots together with ring-shaped organic photo-detector on one substrate and an assembled organic light emitting diode. The sensing layer is screen printed onto the flexible polymeric (PET) substrate. All production steps can be adapted to mass production. Due to the sensing geometry the array does not require to integrate filters to discriminate between excitation light and emitted luminescence of the sensing alayer. The sensor platform is suitable for the parallel detection of multiple parameters. Sensing schemes for the analytical parameters oxygen, carbon dioxide, temperature and ammonia are presented. The response of the sensor device when applied to different atmospheres showed good performance emphasizing the universal and simple use of the sensor platform.
An improved LSI dimension reduction algorithm based on vector space modal (2012)

There is not a good method to find k value when using LSI to reduce dimension of Vector Space Modal. to solve the problem above, an improved LSI dimension reduction algorithm called Dimension Reduction Parameter Produced algorithm (DRPP algorithm), was proposed. it adopts machine learning to find k value,instead of traditional manual set parameter. the k value can be obtained by using fit methods of statistical learning theory to fit the data. Theory analysis and experimental results show that the DRPP algorithm can enhance efficiency of dimension reduction.
Helminths, arthropods, & protozoa of domesticated animals (1968)

Helminths, arthropods, & protozoa of domesticated animals , Helminths, arthropods, & protozoa of domesticated animals , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Efficacy and tolerability of oral enzyme therapy as compared to diclofenac in active osteoarthrosis of knee joint: an open randomized controlled clinical trial. (2001)

Phlogenzym is as efficacious and well tolerated as diclofenac sodium in the management of active osteoarthrosis over three weeks of treatment.
New passive fiber depolarizer based on cascaded all-fiber recirculating rings (1998)

We report a newly developed passive fiber depolarizer using cascaded 2 X 2 single-mode fiber couplers in a recirculating ring structure. Narrowband light source is used. The advantages are that these are all-fiber devices; they are simple, and insensitive to environmental fluctuations. Due to the cascaded incoherent recirculating fiber-ring structure, a completely depolarized light has been achieved by averaging all polarization states with equal probability. The degree of polarization as low as -20 dB has been achieved. Design criteria and design principles are discussed. Experimental results show that this new depolarizer is insensitive to the input polarization state and can eliminate the polarization noise in a polarization-sensitive fiber-optic system.
Digital error correction to increase speed of successive approximation (1986)

A digital correction procedure that reduces the conversion time of a standard 12b A/D converter from 12μs to 7μs with but a 15% increase in die area will be presented.
Iminium salts from .alpha.-amino acid decarbonylation. Application to the synthesis of octahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizines (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIminium salts from .alpha.-amino acid decarbonylation. Application to the synthesis of octahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizinesJon E. Johansen, Bradley D. Christie, and Henry RapoportCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 24, 4914–4920Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00337a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1023Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (952 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Germinability and antioxidant metabolism in Passiflora caerulea L. seeds exposed to salt stress (2018)

P . caerulea is the Passiflora species with the widest distribution in Argentina. Despite the need to cultivate it to decrease the extraction impact on its natural populations, the information on how environmental factors affect seed germinability is scarce. In order to evaluate the greminative response and the role of the antioxidant metabolism against saline stress, freshly collected seeds were germinated in the presence of 0 (control), 30, 60 or 90 mM NaCl. The percentage of germination, the content of soluble and carbonylated proteins, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the generation of reactive oxygen species both in the pre-germination phase and during germination were evaluated. The removal of the aryl and the micropillar integument after 3 h imbibition proved to induce a rapid germination and activation of the enzymes catalase, glutathione S-transferase and peroxidases, together with an increase and a decrease in the generation of O 2 .- and H 2 O 2 , respectively, at the root apex. Even though the germination and activity of some of the studied enzymes decreased with the increase in external NaCl levels, when comparing populations of the control and 90 mM NaCl treatments having similar germination percentages, a marked induction of peroxidase activity was observed in the latter group. The proportion of carbonylated proteins did not differ among treatments, which suggests that, despite this species cannot be considered as halo-tolerant, the fact that the antioxidant metabolism efficiently contributed to prevent oxidative damage to the proteome may constitute an important mechanism to facilitate its establishment in environments with moderate salinity.
Mechanisms of Phytochemical Inhibition of Carcinogenesis: Elucidating the Role of γ-Tocopherol in Nutrition (1998)

Epidemiologic studies have consistently demonstrated a protective effect for fruit and vegetable consumption against the development of many forms of cancer and heart disease. Identifying the chemical constituents responsible for observed health benefits and their mechanism(s) of action are critical to optimizing public health. A number of recent studies have found that serum γ-tocopherol levels are inversely related to risk for cardiovascular disease and some cancers, despite the fact that sources of γ-tocopherol are limited to dietary oils of plant origin that contain significant quantities of fats. In particular, tocopherols are often found to be highly concentrated in the germ plasm of seeds and we observe the selective concentration of γ-tocopherol in the germ of peanuts. Whereas α-tocopherol is considered to be the most biopotent of the vitamin E analogues, γ-tocopherol is observed to be more effective in preventing neoplastic transformation and cellular damage induced by cytokines. Studies indicate that the mechanism of action for γ-tocopherol in preventing cellular damage may be unique relative to other phytochemicals, and potentially related to specific chemical and biological properties of γ-tocopherol, including the ability to chemically reduce NO2 to NO, enhance cellular NO synthesis, alter the kinetics of cell growth, enhance cell saturation density, and reduce DNA strand breaks in C3H 10T1/2 murine fibroblasts.
Low temperature toughness of austenitic stainless steel weld metal. Report 3. Effect of reheating on low temperature toughness of Type 316L weld metal. (1987)

Type 316L weld metals contained various delta ferrites ranging from 0% to 9.5%, which were deposited by one pass submerged arc welding, were heat treated at 923 K to 1523 K for 2 s to 86.4 Ks (24 h). From the results of absorbed energy at 77 K and analysis of precipitates by electron and X-ray diffraction, the influence of reheating on low temperature toughness was investigated.In the weld metal of eutectic delta ferrite (delta=2.7%) which had minimum absorbed energy, the heat treatment for 2 s at the temperature above 1123 K enhanced its absorbed energy considerably as compared to as-welded specimen and in particular the tendency was remarkable at the temperatures of 1423 K and 1523 K.The absorbed energies of weld metals which contained some delta ferrites decreased with the increase in the heat treating time and this decreasing rate was pronounced at more delta ferrite content and high heat treating temperature. However, in the case for short heat treating time within 120 s, the absorbed energy had a tendency to increase, compared with as-welded one, while in the fully austenitic weld metal, the decrease in absorbed energy could be scarcely detected independent of the heat treating time.Retained delta ferrite contents after the heat treatment decreased faster at eutectic delta ferrite than at primary delta ferrite. This was considered to be due to the precipitation of M23C6 and sigma phase facilitated in the case of eutectic delta ferrite because of poor coherency of delta/gamma interface.
SGC-GAK-1: A Chemical Probe for Cyclin G Associated Kinase (GAK) (2019)

We describe SGC-GAK-1 (11), a potent, selective, and cell-active inhibitor of cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), together with a structurally related negative control SGC-GAK-1N (14). 11 was highly selective in an in vitro kinome-wide screen, but cellular engagement assays defined RIPK2 as a collateral target. We identified 18 as a potent RIPK2 inhibitor lacking GAK activity. Together, this chemical probe set can be used to interrogate GAK cellular biology.
<i>In silico</i> screening of a saturated mutation library of tomato (2004)

A comprehensive mutant population is a basic resource for exploring gene function. We developed an isogenic tomato 'mutation library' in the genetic background of the inbred variety M82. A total of 13 000 M(2) families, derived from EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate) and fast-neutron mutagenesis, were visually phenotyped in the field and categorized into a morphological catalog that includes 15 primary and 48 secondary categories. Currently, 3417 mutations have been cataloged; among them are most of the previously described phenotypes from the monogenic mutant collection of The Tomato Genetics Resource Center, and over a thousand new mutants, with multiple alleles per locus. The phenotypic database indicates that most mutations fall into more than a single category (pleiotropic), with some organs such as leaves more prone to alterations than others. All data and images can be searched and accessed in the Solanaceae Genome Network (SGN) on a site called 'The Genes That Make Tomatoes' (http://zamir.sgn.cornell.edu/mutants/).
Clustered Bottlenecks in mRNA Translation and Protein Synthesis (2004)

Using a model based on the totally asymmetric exclusion process, we investigate the effects of slow codons along messenger RNA. Ribosome density profiles near neighboring clusters of slow codons interact, enhancing suppression of ribosome throughput when such bottlenecks are closely spaced. Increasing the slow codon cluster size beyond approximately 3-4 codons does not significantly reduce the ribosome current. Our results are verified by both extensive Monte Carlo simulations and numerical calculation, and provide a biologically motivated explanation for the experimentally observed clustering of low-usage codons.
Bridged-Grain Solid-Phase-Crystallized Polycrystalline-Silicon Thin-Film Transistors (2012)

Novel bridged-grain (BG) technique is applied in the fabrication of low-temperature solid-phase-crystallized polycrystalline-silicon thin-film transistors. As a result of improved current flow and reduction of high drain electric field, the subthreshold slope, threshold voltage, maximum field-effect mobility, leakage current, and on-off ratio are greatly improved. Mechanisms of BG conduction are studied in detail.
Aggregation of stations in queueing network models of multiprogrammed computers (1981)

In queueing network models the complexity of the model can be reduced by aggregating stations. This amounts to obtaining the throughput of the flow-equivalent station for the subnetwork of stations to be aggregated. When the subnetwork has a separable solution, aggregation can be carried out using the Chandy-Herzog-Woo theorem. The throughput of the subnetwork can be expressed explicitly in terms of its parameters when the stations are balanced (have equal utilizations). This expression for throughput can be used as an approximation when the stations are relatively unbalanced. The basic expression can be modified to increase the accuracy of the approximation. A generating function approach was used to obtain upper bounds on the relative error due to the basic approximation and its modifications. Provided that the relative error bound is tolerable, a set of unbalanced stations can be replaced by a single aggregate station or a set of balanced stations. Finally, we propose a methodology to simplify the queueing network model of a large-scale multiprogrammed computer, which makes use of the previous aggregation results.