gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic imaging of fingerprints using acoustical impediography (2005)

A new type of fingerprint sensor is presented. The sensor maps the acoustic impedance of the fingerprint pattern by estimating the electrical impedance of its sensor elements. The sensor substrate, made of 1-3 piezo-ceramic, which is fabricated inexpensively at large scales, can provide a resolution up to 50 /spl mu/m over an area of 25/spl times/25 mm/sup 2/. Using FE modeling, this paper presents the numerical validation of the basic principle. It evaluates an optimized pillar aspect ratio, models spatial resolution and the point spread function for a 100 /spl mu/m and 50 /spl mu/m pitch model. The sensor manufacturing process is briefly addressed and the first fingerprints obtained with the prototype sensor are presented. Finally an outlook is given for deploying the sensor to obtain additional life information by using it as a pulse echo system.
Rapid differentiating colorectal cancer and colorectal polyp using dried blood spot mass spectrometry metabolomic approach (2017)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading causes of cancer mortality, and the early-stage detection could significantly enhance survival rates. Cancer influences the important metabolic pathways and the changes in metabolite levels had been used in many studies as the potential biomarkers. This study is aimed at screening metabolite biomarkers with CRC diagnosis potentials. The direct infusion mass spectrometry (MS) metabolomic analysis based on dried blood spot was used to distinguish CRC from polyp. The target metabolites were composed of 23 amino acids and 26 acylcarnitines. The 21 metabolites in blood were selected via multivariate analysis. A regression model was established based on parameters C16, Arg, C4/C8, C5/C3, Val, Phe/Tyr, Ala, C4/C3. Tenfold cross validation (CV) method was used to test this model and showed sensitivity of 81.18% and specificity of 83.95%. The metabolomic analysis is a practicable method for CRC detection. The use of direct MS analysis in metabolite screening could be finished in several minutes and served as a higher-throughput method to distinguish CRC and polyps. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(5):347-354, 2017.
Enzymatic synthesis of two lacto-<i>N</i>-neohexaose-related Lewis x heptasaccharides and their separation by chromatography on (1994)

Radiolabelled lacto-N-neohexaose was fucosylated with partially purified alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase(s) from human milk. Structural analysis of the monofucosylated products obtained at an early stage of the reaction revealed that both distal branches of the acceptor had reacted equally well, generating Lewis x determinants, while the reducing end glucose had not reacted. The two isomeric Lewis x glycans were readily separated from each other by chromatography on immobilized wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), because alpha (1,3)fucosylation of the (1 --> 6)-linked branch of lacto-N-neohexaose was associated with a dramatic loss of WGA affinity. The fucosylation mixture of lacto-N-neohexaose also contained a difucosylderivative that carried Lewis x determinants at both distal branches. Attempted refucosylation of this octasaccharide failed to transfer fucose to the glucose unit.
U2 region of Epstein-Barr virus DNA may encode Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 2. (1984)

Sequence analysis of the U2 regions of the B95-8 and AG876 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) isolates reveals divergence within a long open reading frame previously identified as encoding 1.5 kilobases of the 3' end of a viral RNA expressed in latently infected, growth-transformed, B-lymphocyte cell lines. Differences among EBV isolates within the U2 open reading frame are shown to correlate with differences in an EBV nuclear antigen, EBNA2. B95-8, W91, Raji, Cherry, and Lamont EBV isolates have similar U2 domains and encode similar-size EBNA2 proteins, while AG876, Jijoye, and P3HR-1 have variant or absent U2 domains and variant or absent EBNA2 proteins. The AG876 U2 open reading frame and EBNA2 protein are both shorter than those of B95-8. These data indicate that the U2 open reading frame encodes EBNA2.
Clozapine Use Presenting with Pseudopheochromocytoma in a Schizophrenic Patient: A Case Report (2013)

Introduction. There have been six previous cases that reported pseudopheochromocytoma in patients taking clozapine. Our case showed the direct link of clozapine to serum levels of certain markers. Case. This is a case of a 49-year-old obese Caucasian female who was referred to endocrinology for investigation of Cushing's syndrome, based on raised blood pressure and Cushingoid facies. The patient had underlying schizophrenia and was stable on clozapine. Her blood pressure was 150/99 mmHg on bendroflumethiazide and candesartan. We measured her 24-hour urinary-free cortisol, which was normal but 24-hour urinary-free noradrenaline was elevated at 835 nmol (76-561) with normal adrenaline 36 nmol (7-82) and dopamine 2679 nmol (366-2879), as the patient had history of palpitations and sweating. Two sets of 24-hour urinary-free cortisol measurements were normal and serum cortisol suppressed to <50 nmol/l after a 1 mg overnight dexamethasone. Two further 24-hour urinary-free catecholamines showed a raised level of noradrenaline. MRI demonstrated normal adrenals and MIBG scan did not show any abnormal uptake at adrenal glands. Conclusion. Pseudopheochromocytoma has been reported in patients taking clozapine. A number of different mechanisms for raised plasma noradrenaline levels with clozapine have been postulated. The above case highlights an unusual but known side effect of clozapine.
Efficient parallel algorithms for selection and searching on sorted matrices (2003)

Parallel algorithms for more general versions of the well known selection and searching problems are formulated. The authors look at these problems when the set of elements can be represented as an n*n matrix with sorted rows and columns. The selection algorithm takes O(lognloglogn log* n) time with O(n/log nlog* n) processors on an EREW PRAM. The searching algorithm takes O(loglogn) time with O(n/loglogn) processors on a CREW PRAM, which is optimal. The authors also show that no algorithm using at most n log/sup c/ n processors, c>or=1, can solve the matrix search problem in time faster than Omega (log log n).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Thermischer Abbau von Polymeren bis zum elementaren Kohlenstoff – ein Weg zu Werkstoffen der Zukunft (1980)

Vor 100 Jahren gelang es Edison, das natürliche organische Polymer Cellulose durch Verkokung in Kohlenstoff-Fäden für seine epochemachenden Glühlampen umzuwandeln. Vor 10 Jahren wurden in Fortschrittsberichten über „Neuartige Kohlenstoffe”︁ den aus synthetischen Polymeren erhältlichen Carbonisierungsprodukten aufgrund ihrer außerordentlichen Werkstoffeigenschaften vielfältige und ungewöhnliche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten vorhergesagt. Die Weiterentwicklung wird durch die Sackgassensituation konventioneller Technologien (Rohstoff- und/oder Energieverknappung, Umweltprobleme) forciert. Die Herstellung und Modifizierung von Polymerkohlenstoff – das heißt aus Polymeren erzeugtem Kohlenstoff mit einer speziellen Bandstruktur – bietet dem Chemiker heute ein reiches Betätigungsfeld.
Growth of BiSe and BiTe on amorphous fused silica by MBE (2015)

Abstract Topological insulator (TI) thin films of Bi Se and Bi Te have been successfully grown on amorphous fused silica (vitreous SiO ) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. We find that such growth is possible and investigations by X‐ray diffraction reveal good crystalline quality with a high degree of order along the c ‐axis. Atomic force microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and X‐ray reflectivity are used to study the surface morphology and structural film parameters. Angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies confirm the existence of a topological surface state. This work shows that TI films can be grown on amorphous substrates, while maintaining the topological surface state despite the lack of in‐plane rotational order of the domains. The growth on fused silica presents a promising route to detailed thermoelectric measurements of TI films, free from unwanted thermal, electrical, and piezoelectric influences from the substrate.
Pyramid architecture classification tree (1996)

This paper proposes a novel pattern recognition algorithm-the pyramid architecture classification tree (PACT). The learning phase of the recognition system consists of two steps: a pyramid making step and a decision tree making step; all training patterns are preprocessed by the pyramid structure and the results are used for making a decision tree. PACT directly copes with a bitmap array having the two dimensional topology and needs no feature extraction. For evaluation of the performance of PACT, various experiments using a handprint Japanese character database were carried out. The results show that PACT can realize about 50 times faster training speed than that of conventional decision tree classifiers, and classifies patterns in far higher speed than nearest neighbor matching algorithms.
<i>The Physics of Amorphous Solids</i> (1986)

First Page
The angular dependence of preferential sputtering and composition in aluminum–copper thin films (1989)

The copper concentration in aluminum–copper alloys can be altered by ion bombardment during film deposition. We have measured the sputtering yields of aluminum and copper in Al–Cu alloys as a function of the Cu concentration (5–13 at. %) and the angle of ion incidence (0–40° from normal). During deposition, the films were partially resputtered by 500-eV Ar+ ion bombardment from a Kaufman ion source. We found that the Cu sputtering yield decreases by up to a factor of 10 in the alloy, relative to elemental Cu. The Al sputtering yield remains close to the elemental value. The net effect is a strong preferential sputtering of Al relative to Cu, which enhances the Cu concentration in an ion bombarded film. The Al/Cu sputtering yield ratio for normal incidence ion bombardment ranges from 3 to 5 as a function of Cu concentration. This ratio decreases with increasing angle of incidence to as low as 2 for 40° incident ions. However, since a higher fraction of the film is resputtered from a sloping surface, a higher Cu concentration is found on a sloping surface relative to a flat surface. These results show that in multicomponent film deposition under ion bombardment, the film composition will vary as a function of the surface topography. We will also show how the level of argon left trapped in the films varies inversely with respect to the ion flux.
Structure−Activity Relationships and Molecular Modeling Analysis of Flavonoids Binding to the Benzodiazepine Site of the Rat Brain GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptor Complex (1999)

The affinities for the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABA(A) receptor of 21 flavonoids have been studied using [(3)H]flumazenil binding to rat cortical membranes in vitro. We show that flavonoids with high affinity for the benzodiazepine receptor in vitro spanning the whole efficacy range from agonists (1q) to inverse agonists (1l) can be synthesized. The receptor binding properties of the flavonoids studied can successfully be rationalized in terms of a comprehensive pharmacophore model recently developed by Cook and co-workers (Drug Des. Dev. 1995, 12, 193-248), supporting the validity of this model. However, in contrast to the requirement by the model that an interaction with the hydrogen bond-accepting site A2 is necessary for compounds to display inverse agonistic activity, 6-methyl-3'-nitroflavone (1l), which cannot engage in such an interaction, nevertheless displays inverse agonism. The analysis of the binding affinities of 3'- and 4'-substituted flavones in terms of the pharmacophore model has yielded new information for the further development of the pharmacophore model.
High-voltage GaN-HEMTs for power electronics applications and current collapse phenomena under high applied voltage (2007)

Current collapse suppression in 380-V/1.9-A GaN power HEMTs designed for high-voltage power electronics application is reported. The current collapse is caused by the electron trapping by defects in the GaN layer and the interface between the passivation film and the AlGaN layer. Therefore the electric field at the gate edge strongly affects the collapse due to the acceleration of channel electrons. Three types of GaN-HEMTs with different design of the FP structure were fabricated to discuss the relation between the gate-edge electric field and the current collapse. It has been found that the optimized field plate structure minimizes the on-resistance increase caused by the current collapse phenomena. In addition, the on-resistance modulation was increased with the leakage current through the GaN layer. It implies that the accelerated electrons are trapped mainly in the GaN-layer defects. Crystal quality improvement of the GaN layer is also necessary to suppress the current collapse phenomena.
High-mobility solution-processed organic thin-film transistors (2010)

Introduction Organic field effect transistors (OFETs) have been considerably interested due to their ability of application to flexible, large area and low-cost electrical switching components. Although it is mostly argued to use them for relatively slow devices, further applications become possible with the achievement of higher mobility above ~10 cm/Vs, which is demonstrated in single-crystal OFETs, in practically mass-producible transistors. Unfortunately, the conventional single-crystal OFETs have not been suited to fabricated large-scale devices. Very recently we developed a method to grow a crystalline film from a solution in an oriented way on a substrate and reported considerable mobility values exceeding a few cm/Vs for devices with solutioncrystallized 2,7-diocthylbenzoselenopheno[3,2-b]benzoselenophene (C8-BTBT) thin films [1]. Apparently, the film consists of crystalline domains spread to the whole channel length, so that molecular steps and terraces are observed in atomic-force-microscope view.
STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PMMA SURFACE TREATED IN LOW POWER NITROGEN AND OXYGEN RF PLASMAS (2009)

Oxygen and nitrogen plasmas are used to modify the Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer surface and results are compared. Samples are treated in a plane parallel capacitively coupled RF discharge at 13.56 MHz frequency and 25 W power for different times. The modified surfaces are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (ATR-FTIR) and atomic force microscopic (AFM) micrographs. By the results of contact angle measurement, polar and disperse parts of surface energy are observed. Real and imaginary parts of refractive index and dielectric constant for different samples are calculated using the transmission and reflection spectrum of samples and the energy gaps are calculated. RMS roughness of samples surface is found to be changed more effectively by nitrogen plasma compare to oxygen plasma but the molecular structure of the treated surfaces is noticeably affected by oxygen plasma. The contribution of the polar part of surface energy is decreased with treatment time. The water contact angle is decreased noticeably by this treatment while the energy gap of samples is not changed.
DNA sequencing with ToF‐SIMS (2002)

Abstract Nucleic acid chips are based on the method of sequencing by hybridization, where unknown DNA fragments are hybridized to complementary nucleic acid sequences that are immobilized on a solid surface in an array format. One novel approach is to use peptide nucleic acid (PNA) biosensor chips. These DNA analogue possess the ability to hybridize with complementary DNA sequences. Because the backbone of DNA contains phosphates as opposed to PNA that does not, a technique that identifies the presence of these phosphates in a molecular surface layer would allow unlabelled DNA fragments hybridized to complementary PNAs to be detected. We have successfully shown that time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) is a very useful tool for identifying hybridized DNA on PNA biosensor chips by detecting the phosphorus present in the DNA. ToF‐SIMS is also a very effective technique for studying the complexity of the immobilization and hybridization process. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Algae as Pollution Indicators: Analysis Using the Membrane Filter (1972)

Research Article| January 01 1972 Algae as Pollution Indicators: Analysis Using the Membrane Filter Bernard I. Sohn Bernard I. Sohn Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1972) 34 (1): 19–22. https://doi.org/10.2307/4443740 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Bernard I. Sohn; Algae as Pollution Indicators: Analysis Using the Membrane Filter. The American Biology Teacher 1 January 1972; 34 (1): 19–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4443740 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1971 National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Collecting relevance feedback on titles and photographs in weblog posts (2012)

We investigate new interfaces that allow users to specify topics of interest in streams of weblog stories by providing relevance feedback to a search algorithm. Noting that weblog stories often contain photographs taken by the blogger during the course of the narrated events, we investigate whether these photographs can serve as a proxy for the whole post when users are making judgments as to the post's relevance. We developed a new story annotation interface for collecting relevance feedback with three variations: users are presented either with the full post as it appears in a weblog, an embedded photograph, or only the title of the post. We describe a user evaluation that compares annotation time, quality, and subjective user experience across each of these three conditions. The results show that relevance judgments based on embedded photographs or titles are far less accurate than when reading the whole weblog post, but the time required to acquire an accurate model of the user's topic interest is greatly reduced.
Effect of Endogenous and Exogenous Prostaglandin E2 on Interleukin-1 β –Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Airway Smooth-Muscle Cells (2000)

We studied the effect of endogenous and exogenous prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), a metabolite of arachidonic acid through the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, on interleukin (IL)-1 beta-induced COX-2 expression, using primary cultures of human bronchial smooth-muscle cells (HBSMC). Treatment with exogenous PGE(2) resulted in enhanced expression of IL-1 beta-induced COX-2 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) as compared with the effect of the cytokine per se. Inhibition of PGE(2) production with a nonselective COX inhibitor (flurbiprofen, 10 microM) resulted in a significant reduction in IL-1 beta- induced COX-2 expression, supporting a role of endogenous COX metabolites in the modulation of COX-2 expression. None of the experimental conditions used in the study affected the expression of constitutive cyclooxygenase (COX-1). Treatment with cycloheximide to inhibit translation, and with dexamethasone or actinomycin D to inhibit transcription, linked the effect of PGE(2) to the transcriptional level of COX-2 mRNA rather than to a potential effect on protein and/or mRNA stabilization. PGE(2) increased adenylate cyclase activity in a concentration dependent manner, and forskolin, a direct activator of adenylate cyclase, caused a marked increase in IL-1 beta-dependent COX-2, suggesting the existence of a causal relationship between the two events. The same results were observed with salbutamol, a bronchodilator that acts by increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate. The effect of PGE(2) on COX-2 expression may contribute to the hypothesized antiinflammatory role of PGE(2) in human airways, providing a self-amplifying loop leading to increased biosynthesis of PGE(2) during an inflammatory event.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Its Receptors in Tumor-Bearing Dogs (1999)

The molecular biology of the angiogenic growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has been studied in the dog. All major isoforms of VEGF are present in the dog. The amino acid sequences are identical between human and dog in the loop regions that are responsible for receptor binding. Accordingly, the VEGF receptors of dogs and humans are very similar and permit functional exchange of the growth factor. Here we show that canine VEGF activates human endothelial cells to the same extent as human VEGF. Similarly, the two proteins display identical cell binding properties. The VEGF receptor 1 (Flt-1) shows the same alternative splicing in humans and dogs and is overexpressed in the majority of tumors in both species. VEGF occurs also in canine tumors in similar relative quantities as in human malignancies. Based on the literature and our study we suggest that the molecular biology and the function of the VEGF signaling system are virtually identical in humans and canines and in healthy as well as in disease conditions.
Direct Observation of Reactive Trapped Holes in TiO<sub>2</sub> Undergoing Photocatalytic Oxidation of Adsorbed Alcohols:  Evaluation of the Reaction Rates and Yields (2005)

To investigate the primary process of photocatalytic oxidation of TiO2, interfacial charge-transfer reaction of trapped holes formed in nanocrystalline TiO2 films by UV irradiation was directly measured by highly sensitive femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy under low intensity excitation condition to avoid fast electron-hole recombination. Accordingly, the rates and yields of photocatalytic oxidation of several alcohols adsorbed on TiO2 were evaluated successfully.
Neutron Diffraction Investigation of the 119°K Transition in Magnetite (1958)

Neutron diffraction measurements on synthetic single crystals of magnetite confirm the orthorhombic ordering scheme proposed by Verwey and co-workers to explain the changes in physical properties which magnetite undergoes when cooled below 119\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. A magnetic field suitably applied during cooling prevents the multiple twinning which occurs in the absence of a field and allows one to make the following deductions: The spins of all magnetic ions align themselves parallel to the cubic [001] direction nearest the direction of the external field. The face diagonals of the cube orthogonal to this c axis become the orthorhombic a and b axes. If these are labeled such that a is magnetically harder than b, the ferric ions in octahedral sites lie in rows parallel to a and the ferrous ions in rows parallel to b. Although the average oxygen position is unchanged, there are presumably shifts in the four oxygen parameters which compensate for the effect of the ordering on the ionic sizes at the various sites. In attempting to reproduce the results on natural crystals, which had a transition temperature some five to ten degrees lower, it was found impossible to remove the [a,b] twinning by use of a magnetic field; furthermore, failure to observe an (002) reflection would seem to indicate that the twinning persists on a micro basis, that is, that there is only short-range order. A least-squares fit was made to the intensities of the cubic phase at 296\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K; a value of $u=0.2548\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0002$ was obtained for the oxygen parameter in the spinel structure. The severe primary and secondary extinction encountered was satisfactorily accounted for by methods previously described by the author.