gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of a long range iris recognition system (2010)

Iris recognition is widely regarded as one of the most unique methods for subject identification. The practical application of iris recognition is primarily limited by constraints imposed on subjects to enable the collection of images of sufficient quality for recognition. This paper introduces the Iris-at-a-Distance (IAAD) system. The IAAD system is a prototype that illustrates the feasibility of iris recognition at a distance of 30 meters. The system uses a wide-field-of-view camera to locate a subject via face and eye detection. A narrow-field-of-view camera, attached to an 8-inch telescope, is then pointed to the first detected eye. Images taken from the iris acquisition camera are then processed for identification. This system acquires iris images from a subject within the capture volume in an average of four seconds.
Amyloid precursor protein knockdown by siRNA impairs spontaneous alternation in adult mice (2007)

The cleavage-product of amyloid precursor protein (APP) constitutes the core component of plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. APP is ubiquitously expressed and its precise physiological functions remain unclear. This protein has been proposed to regulate synaptic function and processes underlying learning and memory. While APP knockout mice show behavioral impairments, these may occur due to early changes during development and/or due to abolition of APP function in adult. To investigate the acute effects of APP knockdown without involving developmental processes, APP expression was reduced using RNA interference in adult mouse brain. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that down-regulated mouse APP protein levels (APP-siRNA) were identified using an APP plasmid-siRNA co-transfection assay in mouse NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells. Infusion of APP-siRNAs into the ventricular system for 2 weeks also down-regulated APP mRNA in mouse brain. Highest knockdown of APP mRNA levels was found in the CA2-CA3 regions of the hippocampus. Mice treated with the most active APP-siRNA showed a significant reduction in spontaneous alternation rate in the Y-maze, without effects on forelimb grip strength or locomotor activity. These data suggest that acute knockdown of APP in adult mouse brain impairs hippocampus-dependent spatial working memory.
Monoclonal Antibodies to the Thyrotropin Receptor (2005)

The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) is a seven transmembrane G-protein linked glycoprotein expressed on the thyroid cell surface and which, under the regulation of TSH, controls the production and secretion of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland. This membrane protein is also a major target antigen in the autoimmune thyroid diseases. In Graves' disease, autoantibodies to the TSHR (TSHR-Abs) stimulate the TSHR to produce thyroid hormone excessively. In autoimmune thyroid failure, some patients exhibit TSHR-Abs which block TSH action on the receptor. There have been many attempts to generate human stimulating TSHR-mAbs, but to date, only one pathologically relevant human stimulating TSHR-mAb has been isolated. Most mAbs to the TSHR have been derived from rodents immunized with TSHR antigen from bacteria or insect cells. These antigens lacked the native conformation of the TSHR and the resulting mAbs were exclusively blocking or neutral TSHR-mAbs. However, mAbs raised against intact native TSHR antigen have included stimulating mAbs. One such stimulating mAb has demonstrated a number of differences in its regulation of TSHR post-translational processing. These differences are likely to be reflective of TSHR-Abs seen in Graves' disease.
Adaptive ferroelectric states in systems with low domain wall energy: Tetragonal microdomains (2003)

Ferroelectric and ferroelastic phases with very low domain wall energies have been shown to form miniaturized microdomain structures. A theory of an adaptive ferroelectric phase has been developed to predict the microdomain-averaged crystal lattice parameters of this structurally inhomogeneous state. The theory is an extension of conventional martensite theory, applied to ferroelectric systems with very low domain wall energies. The case of ferroelectric microdomains of tetragonal symmetry is considered. It is shown for such a case that a nanoscale coherent mixture of microdomains can be interpreted as an adaptive ferroelectric phase, whose microdomain-averaged crystal lattice is monoclinic. The crystal lattice parameters of this monoclinic phase are self-adjusting parameters, which minimize the transformation stress. Self-adjustment is achieved by application of the invariant plane strain to the parent cubic lattice, and the value of the self-adjusted parameters is a linear superposition of the lattice constants of the parent and product phases. Experimental investigations of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 and Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single crystals confirm many of the predictions of this theory.
Guidance Development: Thin Film and Epoxy Mortar Flooring Systems (2000)

Abstract : The objective of this effort was to develop two floor coatings specifications for use in aircraft maintenance facilities: 1) Thin film flooring system, and 2) Epoxy mortar flooring system. This work was in response to a request from the Airfield Criteria Manager and was funded in part by NFESC's Hangar Floor Coating Program.
Neutrophil apoptosis is modulated by endothelial transmigration and adhesion molecule engagement (1997)

Termination of a neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response occurs through the activation of the endogenous cell death program, apoptosis. Neutrophil apoptosis is a constitutive process that can be accelerated or delayed by signals from the microenvironment. Since cellular localization at the site of an inflammatory challenge is the critical first step in a neutrophil response, we investigated the effects of neutrophil transendothelial transmigration on the kinetic expression of apoptosis. Neutrophils isolated from rat lung following challenge with LPS demonstrated a significant delay in spontaneous apoptosis. This delay was a consequence of transmigration, since a comparable delay was seen when TNF-alpha, a potent inducer of apoptosis in vitro, was used as the inflammatory stimulus. Human neutrophils demonstrated comparable delays in apoptosis in vitro following migration across an endothelial monolayer in response to FMLP. Delayed apoptosis only occurred in cells that had first been primed by LPS, a stimulus shown to up-regulate beta2 integrins and down-regulate L-selectin. Finally, crosslinking of CD11a or CD11b, but not of CD18, with mAbs and F(ab')2 fragments produced a delay in spontaneous apoptosis, whereas crosslinking of L-selectin with mAb or its natural ligand, sulfatides, accelerated the apoptotic process. Cells in which apoptosis was inhibited demonstrated persistent functional respiratory burst activity. These observations establish a role for endothelial transmigration in the regulation of neutrophil apoptosis, and suggest that adhesion molecules serve a modulatory role in the expression of neutrophil programmed cell death.
Understanding excess uptake maxima for hydrogen adsorption isotherms in frameworks with rht topology (2012)

For a series of metal-organic frameworks with rht topology, we study computationally the effect of the linker length on the surface area, pore size, and pore volume, relating them with the hydrogen adsorption properties. The results provide new insights about the excess capacities and the pressures where the uptake maxima in the excess isotherms occur. We found that, of the materials studied, has the optimal pore volume for excess gravimetric hydrogen uptake.
Development of Fully Automatic Inspection Systems for Large Underground Concrete Pipes Partially Filled with Wastewater (2007)

The Emschergenossenschaft based in Germany is currently planning the Emscher sewer system, arguably the largest residential water management project in Europe in years to come. The Emschergenossenschaft engaged the Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation (IFF) in Magdeburg, Germany, as the general contractor to develop automatic inspection and cleaning systems to meet the requirements imposed by legal guidelines. The systems must operate continuously in a sewer line that has diameters ranging from 1400 to 2800 mm and is partially filled, 25% at minimum, all the time. To construct the Emscher sewer system, the Emschergenossenschaft favors a one-pipe line in long sections. A walk-through or inspection by personnel would be impossible in these sections. The Fraunhofer Institute IFF has developed prototypes of all systems for motion through the sewer and all sensor systems, thus achieving a new quality of inspection above and below the water line under these difficult conditions. This article describes significant project results and important components of inspection such as the inspection systems, pipe axis measurement, system positioning, and sensor systems for damage detection. Fundamental for the development of the inspection systems is the detail of the inspection, which goes far beyond the video inspection common today, and the ability to take comparative measurements throughout the sewer system's period of operation in order to track the development of damage.
Synthesis and characterization of high molecular weight carboxylated polybutadiene (1999)

High molecular weight carboxylated polybutadienes (cPBDs) with number-average molecular weight (Mn) from 98,000 to 200,000 and carboxylic acid (COOH) contents of 0.5–10 mol % were successfully synthesized through hydrocarboxylation of polybutadienes (PBDs) at temperatures of 140–150°C using PdCl2(PPh3)2 and SnCl2 · 2H2O catalysts. At low extents of hydrocarboxylation (COOH < 6 mol %), glass transition temperatures (Tg's) of the resulting cPBDs did not change considerably (<10°C). Significant chain scission and crosslinking was not detected during the chemical modification process. Characterization of the microstructures of cPBDs by FTIR, 13C-NMR, and Raman spectroscopy showed that the carboxylic groups were incorporated on the pendant (1,2) PBD double bonds as well as the backbone (1,4) double bonds, indicating the hydrocarboxylation reaction did not solely occur at the terminal carbons of the pendant double bonds. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 3129–3138, 1999
Biological studies on 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives. III. Evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and DNA-damaging activities of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-ones. (1990)

The in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial, antifungal and DNA-damaging properties of some 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one derivatives is described. Antibacterial activity against Gram+ microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) was demonstrated in some N-alkoxybenzyl, N-aryl and N-alkoxyphenyl derivatives. Antifungal activity turned out to be strongly affected by the substituents considered. Some derivatives exhibited selective activity against the fungi used. Poor antimicrobial activity was observed in the N-chlorocarbonylphenyl and N-carboxyamidophenyl derivatives. None of the compounds tested turned out to have any genotoxic properties.
Electron-beam induced nano-etching of suspended graphene (2015)

Besides its interesting physical properties, graphene as a two-dimensional lattice of carbon atoms promises to realize devices with exceptional electronic properties, where freely suspended graphene without contact to any substrate is the ultimate, truly two-dimensional system. The practical realization of nano-devices from suspended graphene, however, relies heavily on finding a structuring method which is minimally invasive. Here, we report on the first electron beam-induced nano-etching of suspended graphene and demonstrate high-resolution etching down to ~7 nm for line-cuts into the monolayer graphene. We investigate the structural quality of the etched graphene layer using two-dimensional (2D) Raman maps and demonstrate its high electronic quality in a nano-device: A 25 nm-wide suspended graphene nanoribbon (GNR) that shows a transport gap with a corresponding energy of ~60 meV. This is an important step towards fast and reliable patterning of suspended graphene for future ballistic transport, nano-electronic and nano-mechanical devices.
W/O/W Multiple Emulsions Obtained by One‐Step Emulsification Method and Evaluation of the Involved Variables (2007)

The effects of some composition variables on the development of multiple emulsions by one-step method were evaluated and their morphology characterized. The formulations that remained stable during the period of the test were submitted to centrifugation and thermal stress tests. The stability and the morphology of multiple droplets were affected not only by the type and concentration of the surfactants employed, but also by the water/oil ratios used. The results suggest that the formation of multiple droplets could involve a combination of transitional and catastrophic phase inversions. The results provide improved knowledge about the one-step emulsification method, a simplified process to prepare multiple emulsions when compared to the two-steps method.
Annual Business Information Resources Survey, 1998 (1998)

This is the seventh annual survey of the use of business information in UK libraries, based on a questionnaire mailed in january 1998 to 817 libraries. The Internet is now a centrally important resource for nearly all business librarians in the UK. Electronic Yellow Pages, the Financial Times newspaper site, and the corporate websites of individual companies have emerged as the killer applications on the Net
Effect of a Cola Beverage on the Bioavailability of Itraconazole in the Presence of H<sub>2</sub> Blockers (1997)

Thirty-three healthy individuals participated in an open-label, randomized, three-way crossover study designed to compared the bioavailability of a single 200-mg oral dose of itraconazole when administered alone or after treatment with ranitidine, both with and without coadministration of a cola beverage. Each treatment phase was separated by a 2-week washout period. Participants pretreated with ranitidine were required to have a gastric pH of at least 6.0 before receiving itraconazole. An analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) and peak plasma concentration (Cmax) data indicated that the bioavailability of itraconazole was significantly reduced when the gastric pH was increased by pretreatment with ranitidine but showed that this effect was counteracted by the coadministration of an acidic solution (e.g., a cola beverage) that transiently reduced the gastric pH. These findings suggest that the coadministration of an acidic beverage with itraconazole may be an effective approach in improving the bioavailability of itraconazole in patients who are hypochlorhydric or who are taking gastric acid suppressants.
Teaching science with mobile computer supported collaborative learning (MCSCL) (2004)

Effectively incorporating technology into the classroom is a great challenge faced by schools today. In this article, we propose a mobile computer supported collaborative learning (MCSCL) system to support high school teachers with wirelessly networked handheld computers. This system promotes student collaboration and constructivism, without losing face-to-face contact. The MCSCL system was tested during a five week experience in a high school physics class. We observed both its qualitative and quantitative impact. Students and teachers responded very favorably to the system, and the experience also had a strong social impact outside the classroom. The MCSCL system provided a highly motivating learning environment that changed classroom dynamics and promoted collaboration between students. We obtained statistically significant results showing that the environment created by combining the teacher's instruction with the MSCSL system enabled the students to construct new knowledge based upon the previous knowledge provided by the teacher.
Fatal Interaction between Clarithromycin and Colchicine in Patients with Renal Insufficiency: A Retrospective Study (2005)

Clarithromycin increases the risk of fatal colchicine toxicity, especially for patients with renal insufficiency. Since there are other drugs for treatment of pneumonia and gout, these 2 drugs should not be coprescribed, because of the risk of fatality.
FEATURE EXTRACTION FOR COMPUTER-AIDED ANALYSIS OF MAMMOGRAMS (1993)

A framework for computer-aided analysis of mammograms is described. General computer vision algorithms are combined with application specific procedures in a hierarchical fashion. The system is under development and is currently limited to detection of a few types of suspicious areas. The image features are extracted by using feature extraction methods where wavelet techniques are utilized. A low-pass pyramid representation of the image is convolved with a number of quadrature filters. The filter outputs are combined according to simple local Fourier domain models into parameters describing the local neighbourhood with respect to the model. This produces estimates for each pixel describing local size, orientation, Fourier phase, and shape with confidence measures associated to each parameter. Tentative object descriptions are then extracted from the pixel-based features by application-specific procedures with knowledge of relevant structures in mammograms. The orientation, relative brightness and shape of the object are obtained by selection of the pixel feature estimates which best describe the object. The list of object descriptions is examined by procedures, where each procedure corresponds to a specific type of suspicious area, e.g. clusters of microcalcifications.
Characterization of the VT Instability in SiO2/HfO2 Gate Dielectrics (2003)

The electrical stability of CMOS devices with conventional gate dielectrics is commonly studied using static (DC) measurement techniques. By applying the same methods to MOS devices with alternative gate dielectrics, it has been shown that alternative gate stacks suffer from severe charge trapping and that the trapped charge is not stable, leading to fast transient charging components. In this paper timeresolved measurement techniques down to the p time range are applied to capture the fast transient component of the charge trapping observed in SiO, I Hf02 dual layer gate stacks. Furthermore, its impact on the device performance and reliability of n-channel FETs is discussed.
Seroprevalences of antibodies against Bartonella henselae and Toxoplasma gondii and fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia spp, and Toxocara catiin feral and pet domestic cats (2004)

Results suggested that feral and pet cats had similar baseline health status, as reflected by results of hematologic and serum biochemical testing and similar prevalences of infection with Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia spp, and T. cati. Feral cats did have higher seroprevalences of antibodies against B. henselae and T. gondii than did pet cats, but this likely was related to greater exposure to vectors of these organisms.
Photoconductive CdS Films by a Chemical Bath Deposition Process (1977)

A new technique for the preparation of thin films by chemical bath deposition is described. The films prepared by this method have many of the advantages of those made by the spray deposition method, such as the ease of coating large areas and simplicity of the process. The stoichiometry is easy to maintain in both these methods. The films are formed on rotating substrates from a bath containing cadmium salt in a complex form. Electrical, photoconducting, and optical properties such as I–V characteristics, decay of photoconductivity, spectral response of photoconductivity, and optical absorption were studied. Addition of cations like Ag, Cu, In, and Zn to the deposition bath makes the films amorphous. Such amorphous layers have a density of state of the order of 1019–1020/cm3/eV near the Fermi level, as determined by photodecay and field effect measurements. The films produced are strong, adhering tightly to the substrates, show little or no degradation, and are photosensitive as deposited.
Isolation and Genetic Characterization of New Reassortant H3N1 Swine Influenza Virus from Pigs in the Midwestern United States (2006)

Since the introduction of H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) into U.S. swine in 1998, H1N2 and H1N1 reassortant viruses have emerged from reassortment between classical H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. In 2004, a new reassortant H3N1 virus (A/Swine/Minnesota/00395/2004) was identified from coughing pigs. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a hemagglutinin segment similar to those of contemporary cluster III H3N2 SIVs and a neuraminidase sequence of contemporary H1N1 origin. The internal genes were of swine, human, and avian influenza virus origin, similar to those of contemporary U.S. cluster III H3N2 SIVs. The recovery of H3N1 is further evidence of reassortment among SIVs and justifies continuous surveillance.
Awake Nasotracheal Fiberoptic Intubation: Patient Comfort, Intubating Conditions, and Hemodynamic Stability During Conscious Sedation with Remifentanil (2003)

Awake nasotracheal fiberoptic intubation requires an anesthetic management that provides sufficient patient comfort, adequate intubating conditions, and stable hemodynamics. Short-acting and easily titratable analgesics are excellent choices for this maneuver. In this study, our aim was to determine an appropriate dosage regimen of remifentanil for awake nasotracheal fiberoptic intubation. For that reason, we compared two different dosage regimens. Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned to receive remifentanil 0.75 micro g/kg in bolus, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.075 micro g x kg(-1) x min(-1) (Group L), or remifentanil 1.5 micro g/kg in bolus, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.15 micro g x kg(-1) x min(-1) (Group H). All patients were premedicated with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg IV and glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg IV. Both dosage regimens ensured patient comfort and sedation. Discomfort did not differ between groups. Patients in Group H were sedated more profoundly. Hemodynamic stability was maintained with both remifentanil doses. Intubating conditions were adequate in all patients and comparable between the groups. The large dosage regimen did not result in any additional benefit compared with the small dosage. For awake nasotracheal fiberoptic intubation, we therefore recommend remifentanil 0.75 micro g/kg in bolus followed by continuous infusion of 0.075 micro g x kg(-1) x min(-1), supplemented with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg.
Markers of Articular Cartilage Injury and Healing (1994)

Molecules derived from cartilage are present in body fluids where they act as markers of the degradation or synthesis of specific components of the extracellular matrix of this shock-absorbing tissue. In joint fluid, the level of a marker molecule can be used to detect changes taking place in the cartilaginous tissues within that joint. In blood or urine, on the other hand, the level can be used to identify systemic changes or abnormalities affecting most or all the cartilages in the body. These specific markers of metabolic processes already have proved useful in identifying increased catabolic as well as anabolic activities in articular cartilage following traumatic knee joint injury. The markers are potentially useful for monitoring disease activity, identifying osteoarthritis in its preradiological stages, examining responses of the cartilaginous tissues to treatment and evaluating long-term prognosis. Markers should prove most useful in prospective studies aimed at identifying early changes in cartilage metabolism in humans who are at high risk of developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
In Silico Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Series of Benzothiazole- Based Pyrazolidinediones as Potent Hypoglycemic Agents (2019)

Among the tested compounds, N-(6-chloro-5-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl-4-(4((3,5- dioxopyrazolidin-4-ylidene)methyl)phenoxy)butanamide 5b was found to be the most potent compound and provided valuable insights to further develop novel hybrids as anti-hyperglycemic agents.