gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Material-Properties Analyzers Using Superconducting Resonators (1971)

A low-temperature material-properties analyzer, using a superconducting microwave resonant cavity, is discussed. Placing semiconductor or dielectric material samples in the cavity perturbs the resonant frequency, absorbed microwave power, and cavity Q. Additional perturbations occur when the sample complex dielectric constant is altered by a thermal, nuclear radiation, or optical stimulus. In samples such as Si, GaAs, CdS, and CdTe, these perturbations have been used to determine such material properties as relaxation time, lifetime, Fermi level, trap ionization energy, trap density, capture cross section, free-carrier density, and trap population. A contactless experimental technique similar to the thermally stimulated conductivity experiment is proposed. The contactless ac measurement system is shown to be sensitive, accurate, useful with randomly shaped or powdered samples, and applicable to many types of insulators and semiconductors.
Medical ultrasonic probe using electrostrictive-ceramics/polymer composite (2003)

A medical ultrasonic probe the sensitivity of which is controlled by a DC bias field is developed using an electrostrictive-ceramics-polymer composite as a transducer material. (1-x)Pb(Mg/sub 1/3/Nb/sub 2/3/)O/sub 3/-xPbTiO/sub 3/ electrostrictive-ceramics ((1-x)PMN-xPt) are used because they have a large electromechanical coupling factor for the thickness vibrational mode, k/sub t/, under a practical bias field. 0.91PMN-0.09PT/polyurethane 1-3 composites (thickness 0.22 mm, 7.5 MHz) are fabricated using a dicing and filling technique. The 0.91PMN-0.09PT has no residual k/sub t/ after removing the DC bias field around room temperature. Pulse-echo experimentation shows that the echo amplitude increases with the bias field, as expected from the relationship between k/sub t/ and the bias field.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A randomised phase II study evaluating the combination of carboplatin-based chemotherapy with pertuzumab (P) versus carboplatin-based therapy alone in patients with relapsed, platinum sensitive ovarian cancer (2008)

5520 Background: Pertuzumab is a monoclonal antibody which specifically binds HER2 and prevents its dimerisation with either another HER2 molecule or other HER family receptors like HER1 or HER3. P has been shown to have activity as a single agent in relapsed ovarian cancer. In preclinical ovarian cancer models, P enhances the activity of platinum-based treatment. P was therefore evaluated in a randomized Phase II study. Methods: Eligibility criteria included: sensitive ovarian cancer (treatment-free interval >6 months), ECOG performance status 0 or 1, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >55%) and an histological specimen for the evaluation of potential biomarkers of response. Patients were randomised to receive either P at the standard dose of 840mg iv loading dose with 420mg iv 3-weekly maintenance (for 1 year), or no therapy in addition to carboplatin with (at the investigator’s discretion) either paclitaxel or gemcitabine. The primary endpoint of the study was progression-free survival. Results: 152 Patients (Pts) were recruited. On a preliminary data review of 84 Pts; 44 received chemotherapy + P and 40 received chemotherapy alone. Tolerability has been good, with no marked increase in overall adverse events associated with P. Grade >3 neutropenia occurred in 30% vs. 38% of Pts on chemo + P vs. chemo alone. 1 Pt in the chemo + P arm experienced an asymptomatic fall in LVEF of >10% and to <50% and spontaneously recovered and continued therapy. 21 (25%) Pts overall have relapsed at the time of the preliminary review. Conclusions: The addition of P to carboplatin-based chemotherapy is well tolerated. The clinical efficacy data by treatment arm will be presented as well as subset evaluations based on biomarkers. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Roche Genentech™ BioOncology, Roche Roche Roche, Genentech
Great Events in the Levant (1998)

Abstract The instructions that Lord Elgin passed for his embassy were either too limited or too extensive to determine the exact intentions of the government. Some of the general tasks of his embassy included maintaining the privileges of the British, monitoring the King's interests, promoting trade, protecting the Christians, and other such generalities. Elgin was also able to provide certain specific objectives such as getting the Turks to allow British trade in the Black Sea, acquiring permission to proceed with cutting timber in Turkey, and to formalize a British postal area at Suez. However, the embassy's fundamental cause was not identified. This chapter attempts to examine the events that could be associated with how the French were being expelled from the eastern Mediterranean and from Egypt, as well as maintainin ties with the Ottoman Empire.
Application of silcomp composite materials to turbine systems (1978)

A Si/SiC family of high temperature composite materials is being developed which, in some respects, resembles the related reaction bonded SiC materials in terms of its corrosion resistance, temperature limits, etc., but differs in the ability to tailor its mechanical properties over a fairly wide range. Two iterations of prototype turbine combustor components have been designed and fabricated from it and successfully survived simulated turbine firing temperatures in some cases exceeding 1600 C.
<i>P</i> ‐450 Cytochromes: Structure and Function (1987)

Introduction General Properties of Cytochrome P-450 Structural Features of Isozymes of Cytochrome P-450 Mechanism of Action of Cytochrome P-450
URS: User-Based Resource Scheduling for Multi-User Surface Computing Systems (2019)

Multi-user surface computing systems are promising for the next generation consumer electronics devices due to their convenience and excellent usability. However, conventional resource scheduling schemes can cause severe performance issues in surface computing systems, especially when they are adopted in multi-user environments, because they do not consider the characteristics of multi-user surface computing systems. In this paper, we propose an efficient user-based resource scheduling scheme for multi-user surface computing systems, called URS. URS provides three different features to effectively support multi-user surface computing systems. First, URS distributes system resources to users, according to their real-world priorities, rather than processes or tasks. Second, URS provides performance isolation among multiple users to prevent resource monopoly by a single user. Finally, URS prioritizes a foreground application of each user via retaining pages used by the application in the page cache, in order to enhance multi-user experience. Our experimental results confirm that URS effectively allocates system resources to multiple users by providing the aforementioned three features.
Influence of Yeast Culture on Ruminal Microbial Metabolism in Continuous Culture (2002)

A continuous culture study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two different yeast cultures on ruminal microbial metabolism. The treatments were a) control lactation ration, b) yeast culture 1 (YC1, Diamond-V XP) and c) yeast culture 2 (YC2, A-Max), both fed at an equivalent of 57 g/head per day. The results showed that both yeast culture products increased dry matter (DM) digestion, propionic acid production, and protein digestion compared with the control. Yeast culture 1 demonstrated an increase in molar percentage of propionic acid, a reduction in acetic acid, and a lower mean nadir (daily low) pH compared with YC2. Ruminal cultures treated with YC digested more protein and contributed less bypass N than control. Supplementing YC2 resulted in a tendency for higher microbial N/kg DM digestion than YC1. Yeast culture 1 resulted in production of rumen microbes containing less protein and more ash than YC2. These results support previous research findings that yeast culture does influence microbial metabolism, and specific yeast cultures may have different modes of action.
Colour Electrothermographic Imaging-Part I (1988)

A new dye-forming electrographic imaging process is described. Dye images are formed by direct electrical exposure of Co(III)based charge sensitive compositions and a subsequent thermal amplification step. The principles of these dye-forming electrothermographic processes are discussed and approaches leading to colour discrimination are presented.
Extraction Equilibria of Monocarboxylic Acids with Trialkylphosphine Oxide (2001)

Liquid−liquid extraction based on reversible chemical complexation is a novel separation technique that is highly effective and selective for separating polar organic solutes from aqueous solutions. Equilibria of aqueous solutions of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid, monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and lactic acid with trialkylphosphine oxide in kerosene were investigated. Equilibrium concentrations are given at 298 K. An extraction equilibrium model was used to describe the experimental data. Calculated organic acid concentrations in both phases are in good agreement with the experimental values
Effect of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy on asthma exacerbations (2007)

This randomised, double-blind, 6-month study compared budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief with salmeterol/fluticasone and a fixed maintenance dose of budesonide/formoterol, both with terbutaline for relief. Following a 2-week run-in, 3335 symptomatic adults and adolescents (mean FEV1 73% predicted, mean inhaled corticosteroid dose 745 microg/day) received budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 microg one inhalation bid plus additional inhalations as needed, salmeterol/fluticasone 25/125 microg two inhalations bid plus as-needed terbutaline or budesonide/formoterol 320/9 microg one inhalation bid plus as-needed terbutaline. Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief prolonged the time to first severe exacerbation requiring hospitalisation, emergency room treatment or oral steroids (primary variable) vs. fixed-dose salmeterol/fluticasone and budesonide/formoterol (p=0.0034 and p=0.023 respectively; log-rank test). Exacerbation rates were 19, 16 and 12 events/100 patients/6 months for salmeterol/fluticasone, fixed-dose budesonide/formoterol and budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief, respectively, [rate reduction vs. fixed-dose salmeterol/fluticasone (0.61; 95% CI 0.49-0.76, p<0.001) and vs. fixed-dose budesonide/formoterol (0.72; 95% CI 0.57-0.90, p=0.0048)]. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and relief patients used less inhaled corticosteroid vs. salmeterol/fluticasone and fixed-dose budesonide/formoterol patients. All treatments provided similar marked improvements in lung function, asthma control days and asthma-related quality of life. Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief reduces asthma exacerbations and maintains similar daily asthma control at a lower overall drug load compared with fixed-dose salmeterol/fluticasone and budesonide/formoterol.
<i>piwi</i> encodes a nucleoplasmic factor whose activity modulates the number and division rate of germline stem cells (2000)

piwi represents the first class of genes known to be required for stem cell self-renewal in diverse organisms. In the Drosophila ovary, piwi is required in somatic signaling cells to maintain germline stem cells. Here we show that piwi encodes a novel nucleoplasmic protein present in both somatic and germline cells, with the highly conserved C-terminal region essential for its function. Removing PIWI protein from single germline stem cells significantly decreases the rate of their division. This suggests that PIWI has a second role as a cell-autonomous promoter of germline stem cell division. Consistent with its dual function, over-expression of piwi in somatic cells causes an increase both in the number of germline stem cells and the rate of their division. Thus, PIWI is a key regulator of stem cell division - its somatic expression modulates the number of germline stem cells and the rate of their division, while its germline expression also contributes to promoting stem cell division in a cell-autonomous manner.
Determination of the farfield radiation of a noise source from nearfield measurements made with a Trott array (1973)

It is demonstrated theoretically that a Trott nearfield array can be used to measure the farfield-radiation characteristics of a finite source radiating partially coherent noise. Radiated noise signals of finite duration are considered and an integral equation analogous to the Helmholtz-Kirchhoff theorem is used to describe the mutual-coherence function of the noise field. The farfield form of this mutual-coherence function can be determined from measurements made in the nearfield because the Trott array is able to measure the farfield characteristics of a strictly coherent source located within its planewave region.
Thiocyanates and Isothiocyanates. III.<sup>1</sup> Kinetics and Mechanism of Benzhydryl Thiocyanates Isomerization (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThiocyanates and Isothiocyanates. III.1 Kinetics and Mechanism of Benzhydryl Thiocyanates IsomerizationAntonio Iliceto, Antonino Fava, Ugo Mazzucato, and Olinda RossettoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 12, 2729–2734Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01473a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01473a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive detection and enhancement of multiple sinusoids using a cascade IIR filter (2003)

A constrained adaptive IIR (infinite-impulse-response) filter consisting of a cascade of biquadratic notch sections is used to track multiple sinusoids. The structure can be used to isolate individual sinusoids. It is shown that, for small changes around the optimum solution, the proposed update algorithm approximates the Gauss-Newton update without requiring a matrix inversion. Furthermore, the transient response is approximately independent of the number of sinusoids or their power levels. Important adaptive line enhancement performance criteria such as signal-to-noise improvement ratio and the bias in the frequency estimate assuming white noise are derived for the single-sinusoid case.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Innate immunity and transplantation tolerance: the potential role of TLRs/NLRs in GVHD (2011)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and this occurs as donor T lymphocytes, activated by recipient antigen presenting cells (APC), attack the host tissues or organs. This APC activation is a crucial initial step of influencing the outcome of GVHD and is mediated by innate immune signaling. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are important components of innate immunity; both families of receptors are known for sensing various microbial ligands or danger signals. Signaling through TLRs/NLRs regulate activities of APCs, through phagocytosis, cytokine and chemokine release, delivery of APCs from peripheral tissues to draining lymph nodes, and antigen presentation. Several TLRs/NLRs have been identified and their ligands and signaling pathways have been described. Recent findings suggest a significant association of TLR/NLR polymorphisms with the increased risk for severe GVHD. Therefore, these TLR/NLR pathways likely contributing to immune response for GVHD may serve as novel therapeutic targets to facilitate allograft tolerance. This review summarizes the role of TLRs/NLRs innate immune receptors and signaling in GVHD pathophysiology.
Polarization-Multiplexed Optical Wireless Transmission With Coherent Detection (2010)

In this paper, we propose, analyze, and experimentally verify polarization-multiplexed optical wireless transmission with coherent detection as a means of improving performance and increasing the per-wavelength data rate in the presence of atmospheric turbulence. It is first shown that in terrestrial last-mile applications, the polarization state changes of the optical wireless signal are governed by optical source properties both in the absence and in the presence of mild to moderately severe turbulence. Under these conditions, it is shown that the polarization evolution is reduced to a polarization state rotation wherein the cross-polarization interference can be equalized with well-known blind algorithms. We also experimentally verify the analytical findings, demonstrating 112 Gb/s POLMUX-QPSK transmission with coherent detection in a non-fading free-space channel, and numerically extend the experimental results to turbulent settings by invoking the lognormal model for turbulence-induced fading. Performance gains of 5-14 dB along with a doubling of the data rate through polarization multiplexing are exhibited compared to legacy single-polarization intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) optical wireless systems. The presented analytical and experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is promising for notably increasing the data rate in last-mile free-space optical transmission.
Temperature Regulation of the Hemin Storage (Hms <sup>+</sup> ) Phenotype of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> Is Posttranscriptional (2004)

In Yersinia pestis, the Congo red (and hemin) binding that is characteristic of the Hms+ phenotype occurs at temperatures up to 34 degrees C but not at higher temperatures. Manifestation of the Hms+ phenotype requires at least five proteins (HmsH, -F, -R, -S, and -T) that are organized into two separate operons: hmsHFRS and hmsT. HmsH and HmsF are outer membrane proteins, while HmsR, HmsS, and HmsT are predicted to be inner membrane proteins. We have used transcriptional reporter constructs, RNA dot blots, and Western blots to examine the expression of hms operons and proteins. Our studies indicate that transcription from the hmsHFRS and hmsT promoters is not regulated by the iron status of the cells, growth temperature, or any of the Hms proteins. In addition, the level of mRNA for both operons is not significantly affected by growth temperature. However, protein levels of HmsH, HmsR, and HmsT in cells grown at 37 degrees C are very low compared to those in cells grown at 26 degrees C, while the amounts of HmsF and HmsS show only a moderate reduction at the higher growth temperature. Neither the Pla protease nor a putative endopeptidase (Y2360) encoded upstream of hmsH is essential for temperature regulation of the Hms+ phenotype. However, HmsT at 37 degrees C is sensitive to degradation by Lon and/or ClpPX. Thus, the stability of HmsH, HmsR, and HmsT proteins likely plays a role in temperature regulation of the Hms+ phenotype of Y. pestis.
Oxidative Stress and Homocysteine in Coronary Artery Disease (2001)

Our findings show that a moderate increase of Hcy is associated with CVD but that Hcy at the detected values cannot be considered completely responsible for oxidative damage. That lipid peroxidation is involved in CAD is shown by our observation of significantly increased plasma free and total MDA concentrations compared with controls. Moreover, free MDA values discriminated between unstable and chronic stable angina, and could thus represent a new diagnostic tool.
High Refractive Index Polyimides Derived from 2,7-Bis(4-aminophenylenesulfanyl)thianthrene and Aromatic Dianhydrides (2007)

High refractive aromatic polyimides (PIs) containing a thianthrene-2,7-disulfanyl moiety in their main chain have been developed. The PIs were prepared from a newly developed aromatic diamine 2,7-bis(4-aminophenylenesulfanyl)thianthrene (APTT) and several aromatic dianhydrides by a two-step polycondensation procedure. The relationships between the structures and the thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of the flexible, tough, transparent, and amorphous PI films were established. Introduction of the thianthrene-2,7-disulfanyl group endowed the PIs with good combined properties, including high thermal stability with 10% weight loss temperatures (T10%) higher than 500 °C in nitrogen and the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) higher than 200 °C, good transparency with transmittances higher than 80% at 500 nm, and refractive indices higher than 1.73 at 632.8 nm. Because of higher sulfur content, the refractive indices of the PIs we synthesized are higher than those of PIs derived from the other sulfur-containing diamines such as 4,4'-(p-phenylenedisulfanyl)dianiline (2SPDA) and 4,4'-thiobis[(p-phenylenesulfanyl)aniline] (3SDA). The PI derived from APTT and 4,4'-[p-thiobis(phenylenesulfanyl)]diphthalic anhydride (3SDEA) has the highest sulfur content (23.2%) in its repeating units, and hence, it exhibits the highest refractive index, i.e., 1.7600.
Modeling and fabrication of self-assembling micron-scale rollup structures (2004)

Self-assembling micron-scale structures based on standard photolithographic and thin film deposition techniques are investigated. Differences in residual stress between suc-cessive thin film layers causes the structures to roll up when an underlying sacrificial layer is removed. The primary structure of interest was a swiss-roll structure com-prised of alternating layers of metal and insulator so that the self-assembled system forms an RCL electrical circuit with a well-defined resonant frequency. So-called nanoscroll structures, comprised of two swiss-rolls attached at a common end, were the most commonly observed fabrication result and are expected to have electrical properties very similar to swiss rolls. It has been predicted that such electrical prop-erties lead to a negative effective magnetic permeability for a narrow frequency band, potentially in the far infrared region. These structures thus can contribute a vital component (peff &lt; 0) necessary for developing a LHM (left-handed material). Many successful materials combinations have been demonstrated. The layers in the recom-mended system are (from the bottom up) silicon dioxide, chrome, gold, and chrome.
Miss rate for colorectal neoplastic polyps: a prospective multicenter study of back-to-back video colonoscopies (2008)

We confirm a significant miss rate for polyps or adenoma during colonoscopy. Detection of flat polyps is an issue that must be focused on to improve the quality of colonoscopy.