gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensory Arrays of Covalently Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Explosive Detection (2013)

Chemiresistive sensor arrays for cyclohexanone and nitromethane are fabricated using single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that are covalently functionalized with urea, thiourea, and squaramide containing selector units. Based on initial sensing results and [superscript 1]H NMR binding studies, the most promising selectors are chosen and further optimized. These optimized selectors are attached to SWCNTs and simultaneously tested in a sensor array. The sensors show a very high level of reproducibility between measurements with the same sensor and across different sensors of the same type. Furthermore, the sensors show promising long-term stability, which renders them suitable for practical applications.
Sensorimotor and Physiological Indicators of Impairment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis (2018)

Findings demonstrate that persistence of sensorimotor and physiological changes beyond expected recovery times following subacute mTBI in an adult population is possible. These findings have implications for post-injury assessment and management.
Carrier-induced lasing wavelength shift for quantum well laser diodes (1987)

Lasing wavelength was analyzed for quantum well laser diodes (QW-LD's) considering both the bandgap shrinkage effect and the band-filling effect. The bandgap shrinkage effect was calculated by the local density functional method, treating both electron and hole distribution self-consistently. Assuming no <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> -selection rule, the band-filling effect is larger than the bandgap shrinkage effect when the carrier density is high. The lasing wavelength shifts to the short side as the threshold carrier density increases. QW-LD's with a large threshold carrier density lase at very short wavelength corresponding to the transition between the second sublevel. However, this wavelength is still longer than that expected because of the bandgap shrinkage effect.
Scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA) (1990)

The high spatial resolution imaging of magnetic microstructure has important ramifications for both fundamental studies of magnetism and the technology surrounding the magnetic recording industry. One technique for imaging surface magnetic microstructure on the 10-nm-length scale is scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA). This technique employs a scanning electron microscope (SEM) electron optical column to form a medium energy (10–50 keV), small probe (&lt;50 nm) of high current (&gt;1 nA) on a ferromagnetic specimen. Secondary electrons excited in the ferromagnet by the high spatial resolution probe retain their spin-polarization orientation as they leave the sample surface. The spin polarization of the emitted secondary electrons can be related directly to the local magnetization orientation. A surface magnetization map is generated when the spin polarization of the secondary electrons is analyzed as the electron beam is rastered point-by-point across the ferromagnet’s surface. In this review article we review the important instrumental components characterizing the SEMPA system. Characteristics of the electron probe forming optics, electron spin-polarization analyzers with associated transport optics, and signal processing electronics will be described. Emphasis on the fundamental design requirements will be stressed. Data acquisition, storage, and processing, as it applies specifically to SEMPA, will be reviewed. Instrumental artifacts specific to SEMPA will be outlined and techniques for their correction given. Examples of magnetic images at high spatial resolution will be shown.
The magic carpet (1997)

An interactive environment has been developed that uses a pair of Doppler radars to measure upper-body kinematics (velocity, direction of motion, amount of motion) and a grid of piezoelectric wires hidden under a 6 x 10 foot carpet to monitor dynamic foot position and pressure. This system has been used in an audio installation, where users launch and modify complex musical sounds and sequences as they wander about the carpet. This paper describes the floor and radar systems, quantifies their performance, and outlines the musical application.
Ultrafast Silicon-based Modulators using Optical Switching of Vanadium Dioxide (2014)

Abstract : In this report, we describe our accomplishments during this project in four areas: (1) optical switching of Si-VO2 ring resonators and Mach-Zehnder interferometers; (2) nanosecond all-optical switching of Si-VO2 absorption modulators and ring resonators; (3) nanosecond electrical switching of Si-VO2 absorption modulators; and (4) designs for fiber-to-chip couplers and alternative modulator geometries. The operation of the Si-VO2 modulator is initially demonstrated by using photothermal heating to induce the VO2 semiconductor-to-metal phase transition and modulate the transmitted optical signal intensity. Ultrafast, all-optical switching at the nanosecond time scale is then demonstrated by using a pulsed nanosecond laser for excitation. Ultrafast electro-optic switching is also demonstrated at the nanosecond time scale using a geometry that would allow for straightforward integration with existing optical interconnect technologies. Finally, extensions to the Si-VO2 modulator are presented for increased efficiency of source-to-modulator coupling using a transformation optics design approach and increased quality factor-to-mode volume ratio using a slotted nanocavity design.
Epitaxial Growth of CeO<sub>2</sub> Films on Si(111) by Sputtering (1994)

CeO 2 films were epitaxially grown on Si(111) substrates by reactive sputtering following the single-crystal CeO 2 seed layer formation by oxygen-reactive solid-phase epitaxy. Formation of metallic Ce layers and oxidation of the layers prior to reactive sputtering was found to be the key process for epitaxial growth of CeO 2 on Si substrates. An Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling analysis showed that the Ce–Si interlayer was formed after the Ce metal deposition. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy proved that epitaxial CeO 2 films were grown by reactive sputtering on the seed layers formed by oxidation of Ce metal layers with thickness of 5 to 10 nm. Crystalline quality of the films depended on the sputtering conditions, especially on total sputtering pressure and oxygen concentration. The optimization of the conditions for seed layer formation by oxygen-reactive solid-phase epitaxy and reactive sputtering was an important factor for improving the crystalline quality of epitaxially grown CeO 2 film.
Rapid and Efficient Hydrophilicity Tuning of p53/mdm2 Antagonists (2009)

The protein-protein interaction of p53 and mdm2 is an important anticancer target. The interface, however, is very hydrophobic and naturally results in very hydrophobic antagonists. We used the Orru three component reaction (O-3CR) along with a rapid and efficient, recently discovered amidation reaction to dramatically improve the water solubility of our recently discovered low molecular weight p53/mdm2 antagonists. Arrays of amides were synthesized with improved hydrophilicity and retainment and/or improvement of p53/mdm2 inhibitory activity.
The Effects of Clopidogrel on Elderly Traumatic Brain Injured Patients (2008)

TBI patients on clopidogrel may have increased long-term disability and fatal consequences when compared with patients who are not on these drugs or on other anticoagulants. Patients on clopidogrel should be advised of safety when engaging in potentially dangerous activities to avoid the consequences of TBI.
Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of a Pincer-Type Bis(imidazolin-2-ylidene) Nickel(II) Complex (2006)

An air- and moisture-stable nickel(II) complex of bis-carbene pincer complex 2 has been synthesized, and its catalytic activity for the Heck reaction and the Suzuki coupling reaction was investigated.
D-mef2: a Drosophila mesoderm-specific MADS box-containing gene with a biphasic expression profile during embryogenesis. (1994)

We have identified a mesoderm-specific Drosophila gene, designated D-mef2. The encoded protein contains the MADS- and MEF2-specific domains, which are characteristic of the myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors. D-mef2 RNA is first detectable in the presumptive mesoderm at late cellular blastoderm stage and is expressed in all mesoderm after invagination. Following the dorsal migration of the mesodermal layer, D-mef2 expression becomes restricted to the primordia for visceral muscle and the heart. In the second phase, D-mef2 expression is first distinct in heart precursors and then becomes prominent sequentially in visceral and somatic muscles. twi activity is required for D-mef2 expression, while sna function may be needed for the maintenance of D-mef2 expression but not its initiation. D-mef expression is not dependent on the function of tin, and embryos that are deficient for the mesodermal gene DFR1 also show normal initiation of D-mef2 expression at blastoderm. These results suggest that D-mef2 could have a function in early mesoderm differentiation and may be required for subsequent cell fate specifications within the somatic and visceral/heart mesodermal layers.
Gas Chromatographic Detector for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Atmospheric Organic Nitrates (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas Chromatographic Detector for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Atmospheric Organic NitratesCunsheng. Hao, Paul B. Shepson, John W. Drummond, and Kayambu. MuthuramuCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 21, 3737–3743Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00093a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00093a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rational Use of Fluorides in Caries Prevention (1981)

The aim of this review has been to suggest that future fluoride preventive programs should be based on what is at present known about the possible cariostatic mechanisms of fluoride. The relative role of enamel fluoride in caries prevention has become increasingly questioned during the last two decades. No significant relationship has been demonstrated between caries experience of the individual and fluoride content of the enamel. Furthermore, the fluoride content in surface enamel between teeth developed in low and "optimal" fluoride areas is too small to explain any significant effect on dissolution rate of the enamel. As the major explanation for the cariostatic effect of fluoride must therefore be sought in its local effect on the oral environment, the possible effects on plaque colonization, composition and metabolic activities are discussed. The effect of even low concentrations of fluoride in the liquid phase on enamel dissolution is described, and it is concluded that the major cariostatic effect of water fluoridation, fluoride tooth paste and mouth rinses can probably be ascribed to regular increases in fluoride ion activity in the oral fluids. The effect of high concentrations of topical fluoride solutions is thought to be a result of a slow dissolution of calcium fluoride deposited in initial caries lesions, whereby an increased fluoride ion concentration is maintained locally for longer periods of time. Finally, the clinical consequences of these considerations are described.
Gene transfer to human pancreatic endocrine cells using viral vectors. (1999)

We have studied the factors that influence the efficiency of infection of human fetal and adult pancreatic endocrine cells with adenovirus, murine retrovirus, and lentivirus vectors all expressing the green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP, MLV-GFP, and Lenti-GFP, respectively). Adenoviral but not retroviral vectors efficiently infected intact pancreatic islets and fetal islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) in suspension. When islets and ICCs were plated in monolayer culture, infection efficiency with all three viral vectors increased. Ad-GFP infected 90-95% of the cells, whereas infection with MLV-GFP and Lenti-GFP increased only slightly. Both exposure to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) and dispersion of the cells by removal from the culture dish and replating had substantial positive effects on the efficiency of infection with retroviral vectors. Studies of virus entry and cell replication revealed that cell dispersion and stimulation by HGF/SF may be acting through both mechanisms to increase the efficiency of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Although HGF/SF and cell dispersion increased the efficiency of infection with MLV-GFP, only rare cells with weak staining for insulin were infected, whereas approximately 25% of beta-cells were infected with Lenti-GFP. We conclude that adenovirus is the most potent vector for ex vivo overexpression of foreign genes in adult endocrine pancreatic cells and is the best vector for applications where high-level but transient expression is desired. Under the optimal conditions of cell dispersion plus HGF/SF, infection with MLV and lentiviral vectors is reasonably efficient and stable, but only lentiviral vectors efficiently infect pancreatic beta-cells.
Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Combination in the First-line Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer (2002)

Anthracyclines and taxanes are currently the most effective drugs in the treatment of metastatic breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel and doxorubicin combination in the first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Forty-five women with metastatic breast cancer were recruited in the study. Median age was 49 years (range, 33-70). Treatment protocol: doxorubicin (50 mg/m2/day, 30-min infusion) followed by paclitaxel (200 mg/m2/day, 3-hr infusion) every 3 weeks. Response rates included complete response in 13 (28.9%) patients and partial response in 19 (42.2%) patients, with an overall response rate of 71%. Five (11%) patients had stable disease and 8 (18%) patients had progressive disease. At a median follow-up of 19.7 months, median time to progression for all patients was 19.9 months (95% confidence interval, 12.8 to 27 months). Median overall survival time was 28.4 months. Grade 3-4 nausea/vomiting and hematological toxicities were observed in 12 (26%) and 6 (13.3%) patients, respectively. Cardiac toxicity was observed in 2 (4.4%) patients. In this trial, paclitaxel and doxorubicin combination was demonstrated to be a favorable and active regimen in the first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
MAGNETIZATION AND AC-SUSCEPTIBILITY OF AMORPHOUS Mn-Y AND Mn-La ALLOYS (1988)

ac-susceptibility and magnetization were systematically investigated for the amorphous Mn-Y and Mn-La alloys. From the temperature dependence of ac-susceptibility and the temperature and field cooling dependences of magnetization, it is speculated that the alloys exhibit the spin glass characteristics. It is considered that the nearest neighbor atom-atom distance plays an important role to stabilize the spin glass state in these alloys.
The American Urological Association Symptom Index for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (2016)

A symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was developed and validated by a multidisciplinary measurement committee of the American Urological Association (AUA). Validation studies were conducted involving a total of 210 BPH patients and 108 control subjects. The final AUA symptom index includes 7 questions covering frequency, nocturia, weak urinary stream, hesitancy, intermittence, incomplete emptying and urgency. On revalidation, the index was internally consistent (Cronbach's α = 0.86) and the score generated had excellent test-retest reliability (r = 0.92). Scores were highly correlated with subjects' global ratings of the magnitude of their urinary problem (r = 0.65 to 0.72) and powerfully discriminated between BPH and control subjects (receiver operating characteristic area 0.85). Finally, the index was sensitive to change, with preoperative scores decreasing from a mean of 17.6 to 7.1 by 4 weeks after prostatectomy (p <0.001). The AUA symptom index is clinically sensible, reliable, valid and responsive. It is practical for use in practice and for inclusion in research protocols.
Human Platelet Storage Organelles A Review (1977)

Platelets contain numerous electron-dense subcellular organelles which have been referred to in the literature by various names such as alpha-granules, electron-dense and very electron-dense granules, lysosomes, dense bodies, etc. Most of the organelles are secretory granules, since induction of secretion by appropriate stimuli causes degranulation of platelets and the appearance of the granule contents in the extracellular medium. Among the substances that are known to be stored and secreted by platelets are: serotonin, ATP, ADP, calcium, pyrophosphate, acid hydrolases, fibrinogen, vascular permeability factor, beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and growth factor. The recent literature concerning the localization of the secreted substances within specific platelet organelles is reviewed here. Results from electron microscopy and microprobe analysis, selective secretion experiments, subcellular fractionation studies and studies on platelets from patients with storage pool deficiency indicate that there are as many as four types of storage organelles in human platelets.
Blind adaptive estimation of KLT basis vectors (2001)

Several algorithms for estimating the basis vectors used in the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) are described. The algorithms are "blind" in the sense that they utilize minimal information about the data vector being encoded. This eliminates the need to repeatedly encode and transmit the KLT basis vectors in data compression applications.
Evolution of a matrix metalloproteinase assay to assess inhibitor potency and selectivity (1995)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of zinc-containing extracellular proteinases involved in extracellular matrix turnover and remodeling. As such, these enzymes are critical in maintaining the proper biochemical composition and physical characteristics of all tissues, but in particular those tissues whose composition is largely extracellular matrix, such as cartilage. Under normal physiological conditions, constitutive expression of the MMPs is low, as is their catalytic activity which is held in check by naturally occurring inhibitors termed TIMPs (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases). However, under pathologic conditions such as rheumatoid and osteoarthritis, MMP expression in cartilage is disregulated. MMP levels are high with enzymic activity exceeding the level of the natural inhibitors. This condition leads to a loss of proteoglycan and collagen from articular cartilage culminating in the ultimate destruction which characterizes the pathology of arthritic diseases. Based upon this scenario, intensive efforts are focused on the identification of inhibitors which will block the action of MMPs in arthritis. Predictive, high through-put enzymic assays are essential for inhibitor identification. Ideally, such assays must be convenient, kinetically predictive, and flexible to accommodate the numerous candidate MMPs potentially involved in cartilage degradation. Thus, we have evaluated several MMP assays for inhibitor assessment and these are detailed below.
On the modified Smith predictor for controlling a process with an integrator and long dead-time (1999)

A dead-time compensator for controlling higher-order processes with integral action and long dead-time is proposed. Tuning formulas are derived. If the velocity gain and the dead-time are estimated experimentally, only one parameter, the time constant defining the speed of the closed-loop setpoint response, has to be tuned manually. The same setpoint response is obtained as in the modified Smith predictor, while the load disturbance rejection is considerably faster.
Stabilization of the tetragonal distortion of Fe<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>Co<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>alloys by C impurities: A potential new permanent magnet (2014)

We have analyzed by density functional theory calculations the structural and magnetic properties of Fe-Co alloys doped by carbon. In analogy with the formation of martensite in steels we predict that such a structure also forms for Fe-Co alloys in a wide range of concentrations. These alloys are predicted to have a stable tetragonal distortion, which in turn leads to an enhanced magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of up to 0.75 MJ/m${}^{3}$ and a saturated magnetization field of 1.9 T.
Hybrid approach for monitoring and scheduling the job in heterogeneous system (2014)

Main process of grid computing is Resources allocation and job scheduling. It aggregates heterogeneous resources distributed across Internet, regardless of differences between resources such as platform, hardware, software, architecture, language, and geographical location. Grid resource state monitoring cares about the running state, distribution, load, and malfunction of resources in a grid system by means of monitoring strategies. Grid resource state prediction focuses on the variation trend and running track of resources in a grid system by means of modeling and analyzing historical monitoring data. A computing grid is a complex distributed system. Embedded with the grid, its resource monitoring and prediction system is also a distributed system that dynamically processes grid resource state information. Then, we present our overall system architecture design that seamlessly integrates various cooperating components to achieve high performance. The monitoring techniques employed by such projects are partly compatible to the grid environment and, thus, fit for achieving grid resource monitoring.
A nonlinear receding horizon controller based on connectionist models (2002)

The authors focus on the development of connectionist architectures and learning algorithms for adaptive control of nonlinear systems. In particular, they pursue the receding horizon approach to optimal control. The control structure consists of two networks: one models the plan and provides prediction data for optimization, and the other is trained as an approximate plant inverse. Simulation results indicating the feasibility of the proposed approach are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>