gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adsorption/Desorption Hysteresis in Inkbottle Pores:  A Density Functional Theory and Monte Carlo Simulation Study (2004)

The mechanisms of adsorption and desorption in inkbottle-shaped pores are considered for lattice models using grand canonical mean field density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulation. We find that they depend significantly on the particular pore geometry, the nature of the fluid-solid interaction, and the temperature. We find two mechanisms for desorption. One mechanism involves the emptying of the main cavity even as the density of fluid in the necks remains high, a mechanism observed recently in studies of an off-lattice model of an inkbottle. The other is a simultaneous desorption from the entire pore space, behavior that is more closely related to the traditional picture of pore blocking in the inkbottle system.
Production of phenylacetylcarbinol and ephedrine - less known region of yeast utilization in industry. (1982)

Fenylacetylkarbinol (FAK) je vĂ˝chozĂ­ surovinou pro vĂ˝robu efedrinu, kterĂ˝ je sloĹžkou rĹŻznĂ˝ch farmaceutickĂ˝ch preparĂĄtĹŻ. PĹi vĂ˝robÄ FAK se pouĹžĂ­vĂĄ odpadnĂ­ch pivovarskĂ˝ch kvasnic. Do suspenze kvasnic se postupnÄ vnĂĄĹĄejĂ­ dĂĄvky benzaldehydu, sacharĂłzy a acetaldehydu, kterĂ˝ slouĹžĂ­ jako akceptor vodĂ­ku, tak dlouho, dokud se nezastavĂ­ biotransformace inhibicĂ­ enzymovĂŠho systĂŠmu. VytvoĹenĂ˝ FAK se extrahuje do organickĂŠho rozpouĹĄtÄdla, po jeho zahuĹĄtÄnĂ­ se provĂĄdĂ­ reduktivnĂ­ aminace za pĹĂ­tomnosti methylaminu a speciĂĄlnĂ­ho katalyzĂĄtoru na bĂĄzi platiny pĹi nĂ­zkĂŠm tlaku vodĂ­ku, ÄĂ­mĹž vznikĂĄ efedrin. Byly provĂĄdÄny experimenty s cĂ­lem zdokonalit uvedenĂ˝ postup. Zjistilo se, Ĺže kyselina pyrohroznovĂĄ mĂĄ stimulaÄnĂ­ vliv na produkci FAK. Byl vypracovĂĄn postup produkce FAK kvasinkami, kultivovanĂ˝mi za sterilnĂ­ch podmĂ­nek. Byla testovĂĄna produkce FAK u 39 kmenĹŻ rĹŻznĂ˝ch druhĹŻ kvasinek, u 4 kmenĹŻ bylo dosaĹženo produkce, blĂ­ĹžĂ­cĂ­ se produkci u druhu Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, kterĂ˝ se zatĂ­m jevĂ­ jako nejlepĹĄĂ­ producent FAK.
Visual Field Defect After Posterior Spine Fusion (2005)

Right-to-left atrial shunts may predispose to cerebral emboli during scoliosis surgery. These emboli may be a cause of postoperative visual field defects.
Improving mouse pointing for radiology tasks (2009)

Radiologists make their main analysis and diagnosis based on careful observation of medical images, although there are all kinds of automatic methods under development. Radiologists typically use a scroll mouse to click on an image when they find something interesting, and they also use the mouse to navigate through the image slices in volumetric scans. Thus they perform many thousands of mouse clicks every day, causing wrist fatigue. This paper presents a method of improving the mouse pointing performance by reducing the time taken to move the mouse to a target. We use a dynamic Control-to-Display (C-D) ratio of the mouse, by adjusting the C-D ratio according to the current distance to the target. In theory this reduces the difficulty of the target selection, and also reduces the movement time. The result of preliminary study demonstrates that the speed of pointing can be improved under certain conditions, particularly for small targets and for long distances to move. In addition, all participants claim that this mouse speed change reduces the difficulty of selecting a small target.
Location of neutron sources using moderator-free directional thermal neutron detectors (1997)

The use of neutron detectors designed to record only those thermalized neutrons coming from a highly specific direction can provide enhanced capability for applications such as locating nuclear weapons material or monitoring storage vaults containing special nuclear materials. Such a detection system should be as free of moderator as possible to assure effective directionality. We provide evidence from computer modeling and experimental tests that this technique allows the identification and localization of neutron sources at greater distances and narrower angular resolution than would be possible with conventional moderating neutron detectors.
Minimized losses in a cylindrical microresonator by use of a cladding: experimental and numerical study (2002)

We present an experimental study of the influence of a cladding on the losses in a Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ on SiO/sub 2/ cylindrical microresonator (MR). The experimental results are corroborated with detailed numerical simulations and examples of devices which exploit the presence of a cladding are given.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Investigation of Bath Aging in Damascene Process Chemistries (2004)

International audience
Reactivation of simian immunodeficiency virus reservoirs in the brain of virally suppressed macaques (2016)

The central nervous system harbors latent SIV genomes after long-term viral suppression by ART, indicating that the brain represents a potential viral reservoir and should be seriously considered during AIDS cure strategies.
Gaucher's Disease: Deficiency of “cid”β-Glucosidase and Reconstitution of Enzyme Activity <i>In Vitro</i> (1971)

The spleen from a patient with adult Gaucher's disease was shown to be deficient in a beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) isoenzyme that has optimal activity at pH 4.0-4.3, and is stimulated by 0.02% Triton X-100. A mixture of spleen homogenates from a control and from the patient contained beta-glucosidase activity equivalent to 2-3 times the theoretical expected activity. The increase in enzyme activity occurred at pH 4.0-4.3; the magnitude of the increase was proportional to the amount of each homogenate added. Two factors, one called factor P from the patient's spleen, the other called factor C from the control spleen, were responsible for a reconstitution of beta-glucosidase activity in vitro. Factor P is tentatively identified as an acid glycoprotein.
A human cytomegalovirus mutant resistant to the nucleoside analog 9-([2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl)guanine (BW B759U) induces reduced levels of BW B759U triphosphate. (1986)

We have isolated a human cytomegalovirus mutant that is resistant to the antiviral drug 9-([2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl)guanine (BW B759U), yet exhibits wild-type sensitivity to inhibitors of herpesvirus DNA polymerases such as phosphonoformic acid and aphidicolin. Cells infected with the mutant accumulate approximately equal to 1/10th the amount of drug triphosphate as do those infected with the wild-type parent. This reduction in drug triphosphate could not be attributed to altered drug uptake or to reduced stability of the triphosphate, once formed. The induction of normal nucleoside and deoxynucleoside triphosphates and certain cellular nucleoside kinases was comparable in mutant and wild-type virus infections. These results provide strong evidence for the importance of phosphorylation in the selectivity of this antiviral compound and raise the possibility that human cytomegalovirus encodes a nucleoside kinase. The mutant may identify the existence of a cytomegalovirus function whose properties could facilitate genetic analysis of this important pathogen.
Interprocedural control flow analysis of first-order programs with tail-call optimization (1997)

Knowledge of low-level control flow is essential for many compiler optimizations. In systems with tail-call optimization, the determination of interprocedural control flow is complicated by the fact that because of tail-call optimization, control flow at procedure returns is not readily evident from the call graph of the program. This article shows how interprocedural control-flow analysis of first-order programs can be carried out using well-known concepts from parsing theory. In particular, we show that context-insensitive ( or zeroth-order) control-flow analysis corresponds to the notion of FOLLOW sets in context-free grammars, while context-sensitive (or first-order) control-flow analysis corresponds to the notion of LR(1) items. The control-flow information so obtained can be used to improve the precision of interprocedural dataflow analyses as well as to extend certain low-level code optimizations across procedure boundaries.
In<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ga<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>As Nanowire Growth on Graphene: van der Waals Epitaxy Induced Phase Segregation (2013)

The growth of high-density arrays of vertically oriented, single crystalline InAs NWs on graphene surfaces are realized through the van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy mechanism by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). However, the growth of InGaAs NWs on graphene results in spontaneous phase separation starting from the beginning of growth, yielding a well-defined InAs-In(x)Ga(1-x)As (0.2 < x < 1) core-shell structure. The core-shell structure then terminates abruptly after about 2 μm in height, and axial growth of uniform composition In(x)Ga(1-x)As takes place without a change in the NW diameter. The In(x)Ga(1-x)As shell composition changes as a function of indium flow, but the core and shell thicknesses and the onset of nonsegregated In(x)Ga(1-x)As axial segment are independent of indium composition. In contrast, no InGaAs phase segregation has been observed when growing on MoS2, another two-dimensional (2D) layered material, or via the Au-assisted vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism on graphene. This spontaneous phase segregation phenomenon is elucidated as a special case of van der Waals epitaxy on 2D sheets. Considering the near lattice matched registry between InAs and graphene, InGaAs is forced to self-organize into InAs core and InGaAs shell segments since the lack of dangling bonds on graphene does not allow strain sharing through elastic deformation between InGaAs and graphene.
10 Minute Guide to Windows 95 (1997)

From the Publisher:
10 minutes is all you need to learn how to: get installed and configured easily; navigate the Windows 95 desktop; access the Internet; build files, folders, and customize Windows 95; move and copy files and folders; and install and configure hardware components.
The enzymic defect and storage products in canine fucosidosis (1984)

A marked deficiency of alpha-L-fucosidase and the accumulation of fucose-containing glycoasparagines were found in the brains of two English Springer spaniels suffering from a progressive nervous disorder. Both forms of alpha-L-fucosidase in normal brain, which are separable by ion-exchange chromatography, are absent from the affected animals. The storage products were characterized by t.l.c., gel filtration, g.l.c. and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry. The postulated structures of the main components are: (formula; see text) The enzymic defect and nature of storage products justify designation of this disorder as canine fucosidosis.
Determination of Dimethyl-4,4′-Dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-Dimethylene Dioxybiphenyl-2,2′-Dicarboxylate in Human Serum by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (1999)

ABSTRACT Dimethyl-4,4′-dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-dimethylene dioxybiphenyl-2,2′-dicarboxylate (DDB) has been shown to improve liver function in chronic hepatitis patients. Despite the fact that the oral bioavailability for DDB appears to be low and variable, the intestinal absorption of the drug is not well understood because of the lack of sensitivity and inadequate separation of DDB from endogenous peaks derived from the serum in previously developed HPLC assays. The present study describes a reliable HPLC method for DDB in serum samples for normal dose human bioavailability trials. A deproteinated serum sample was subjected to a solid-phase extraction procedure. The residue of the Sep-Pak eluent was reconstituted in acetonitrile and an aliquot was directly injected onto an octadecyl silica column (4 μm, 250 x 4.5mm I.D.). The mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (52.5% acetonitrile in water, v/v), was delivered at a flow rate of lml/min, and DDB elution from the HPLC column was monitored by UV absorption at 278nm. The assay was linear in the range of 5-100ng DDB/ml serum with inter-day and intra-day variation less than 14.3 and 13.2 %, respectively. To determine whether the HPLC assay can be utilized in normal dose bioavailability studies, human serum samples (1ml each) were obtained from a typical normal dose bioavailability study (oral capsule for DDB; 15 mg as DDB) and analyzed for DDB. The drug was readily detectable in all samples from 30min to 720min after administration. Therefore, these data indicate that this HPLC assay is readily applicable to a normal dose pharmacokinetic study of DDB in human subjects.
A 915 MHz SAW Sensor Correlator System (2011)

Previous work has been presented on passive wireless surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensors using the orthogonal frequency coding (OFC) technique (Malocha et ah, Proc. Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (SPIE), Aug. 23-27,2004, vol. 2, pp. 1082-1085), Pavlina et al., Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. RFID, 2009, pp. 110-115). This paper will present a SAW sensor correlator system and its key operational parameters. Description of the radio frequency (RF) transceiver system and the OFC SAW temperature sensors is provided for parameter characterization. The system is based on a software radio approach and an analysis of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) parameters and receiver noise in temperature extraction is presented. Initial experimental results for a four-sensor system operating over a 280°C range are given.
Lack of Effect of the Adenosine A<sub>1</sub>Receptor Agonist, GR79236, on Capsaicin-Induced CGRP Release in Anaesthetized Pigs (2005)

Migraine is a common neurological disorder that is associated with an increase in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels. CGRP, a potent vasodilator released from the activated trigeminal sensory nerves, dilates intracranial blood vessels and transmits vascular nociception. Hence, inhibition of trigeminal CGRP release may prevent neurotransmission and, thereby, ameliorate migraine headache. Therefore, the present study in anaesthetized pigs investigates the effects of a selective adenosine A(1) receptor agonist, GR79236 (3, 10 and 30 microg/kg, i.v.) on capsaicin-induced carotid haemodynamic changes and on plasma CGRP release. Intracarotid (i.c.) infusion of capsaicin (10 microg/kg/min, i.c.) increased the total carotid blood flow and conductance as well as carotid pulsations, but decreased the difference between arterial and jugular venous oxygen saturations. These responses to capsaicin were dose-dependently attenuated by GR79236. However, the increases in the plasma CGRP concentrations by capsaicin remained essentially unmodified after GR79236 treatment. The above results suggest that GR79236 may have an antimigraine potential due to its postjunctional effects (carotid vasoconstriction) rather than to prejunctional inhibition of trigeminal CGRP release.
Sulfonium-ion glycosidase inhibitors isolated from Salacia species used in traditional medicine, and related compounds (2009)

A novel class of naturally-occurring glycosidase inhibitors, having sulfonium sulfate structures, has been isolated as bioactive components from Indian plants, belonging to the Salacia genus in the family Celastraceae , and used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Thus far, five such sulfonium salts, namely, salacinol, kotalanol, salaprinol, ponkoranol and de- O -sulfonated kotalanol, have been isolated from this plant species. These structurally unique zwitterionic glycosidase inhibitors have received much attention due to their therapeutic potential in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. We recently reported a review article which focused mainly on salacinol and related analogues. The present review presents an update on the remaining four compounds from this class of glycosidase inhibitors, with respect to their isolation, glucosidase inhibitory activities, and synthesis. In addition, progress towards the stereochemical structure elucidation of kotalanol, through synthesis of analogues, is described. Review with 42 references.
Graft copolymerization of vinylpyrrolidone onto polydimethylsiloxane (1964)

Abstract Graft copolymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) onto polydimethylsiloxane have been prepared by the mutual irradiation technique utilizing high energy electrons (3 M.e.v.) generated by Van de Graaf. Water has been shown to have an acceleration effect of polymerization of vinylpyrrolidone and a reduction in the penetration of the monomer solution in the polymer. The dependence of the molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone on the dose, and the dependence of the penetration of the grafted layer in the trunk polymer on the dose and the water content in the monomer solutions have been determined. The graft copolymers are hydrophilic and their hydrophilicity is proportional to the amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone grafted onto the silicone. The location of the graft copolymer is determined by staining and sectioning and sectioning technique. Grafting varied from surface grafting to apparently homogeneous grafting depending on the water content in the monomer solution and on the total dose.
Map matching algorithm design based on GPS information (2014)

Map matching is an important supplementary means to improve the precision of vehicular navigation system. Three steps of map matching are completed by probability statistic method, correlation coefficient method and projection method in this paper, which are determining the error region of the sections to be matched, selecting the matched section and displaying the vehicular position on the electronic map. The simulations show that the matching algorithm has the higher accuracy and is adaptable for the complex junctions.
Visual support for reengineering work processes (1993)

A model for collaborative work process and a graphical language to support this model is presented. The model allows for informal flow of communications and flexible access to information along with a formal flow of responsibility. Work is decomposed into a network of task assignment (actually requests for those tasks), which may be recursively decomposed to finer grained tasks. The model includes consideration for authority and responsibility. Process flow can be dynamically modified. Policies (templates for a process) maybe tailored to provide versions of a process customized for different individuals. The visual language is designed to ease the creation of policies and modification of ongoing processes, as well as to display the status of an active process.
An information theoretic approach to ontology-based interest matching (2001)

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.
An Efficient Maximum-Likelihood Decoding of LDPC Codes Over the Binary Erasure Channel (2004)

We propose an efficient maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding algorithm for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the binary-erasure channel (BEC). We also analyze the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm.
Über Serotoninderivate mit cyclisierter Seitenkette, 2. Mitt. Darstellung der isomeren 3‐(Pyridyl)‐ und 3‐(Piperidyl)‐5‐hydroxyindole (1975)

Abstract Es wird die Synthese der drei isomeren 3‐(Pyridyl)‐ und 3‐(Piperidyl)‐5‐hydroxyindole beschrieben. Von den 3‐(Pyridyl)‐5‐benzyloxyindolen ließen sich nur die 3‐ und 4‐substituierten Pyridylderivate quaternisieren. Die Pyridyliumsalze wurden mit Natriumborhydrid zunächst zu den Tetrahydropyridylindolen und sodann katalytisch zu den 3‐(Piperidyl)‐5‐hydroxyindolen hydiert und debenzyliert. Das nicht quaternisierbare 3‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐5‐benzyloxyindol konnte in stark saurer Lösung direkt zum 3‐(2‐Piperidyl)‐5‐hydroxyindol reduziert werden.
Sphingomyelin Hydrolysis in the Gut and Clinical Implications in Colorectal Tumorigenesis and Other Gastrointestinal Diseases (1998)

(1998). Sphingomyelin Hydrolysis in the Gut and Clinical Implications in Colorectal Tumorigenesis and Other Gastrointestinal Diseases. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology: Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 673-683.
A bulk micromachined silicon angular rate sensor (2002)

We describe an angular rate sensor based on bulk micro-machining of silicon. A silicon beam suspended on two sets of torsion springs has two orthogonal degrees of freedom for angular motion. The Coriolis force induced by external rotation modulates the coupling between the two modes which is then converted to a voltage output by an electro mechanical system operating at the mechanical resonance frequency. The sensor has unique silicon-glass sandwich structures for contacting the electrodes used for electrostatic excitation and capacitive detection within a hermetically enclosed space. The mechanical resonance frequencies are matched by adjusting the effective spring rate with an electrostatic field. The sensor is intended to be used in an automotive control system.
DTV Lip-Sync Test Using Time-Indexed Audio and Video Signals Without Effect on Program (2005)

A new lip-synchronization (lip-sync) test method using audio and video signals for DTV is presented. The proposed method does not interfere with or have any effect on the program being broadcast, as the time-indexed lip-sync test signals (TILTS) are embedded in a hidden region. The video TILTS is embedded into transient effect areas outside the active pixel region, making it invisible on-screen. Experimental results confirm that the time difference between audio and video signals can be easily measured at any time from the TILTS in the decoder outputs.
Organic thin film transistors based on anthracene oligomers (2003)

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) were fabricated using organic semiconductor anthracene oligomers, 2,2'-bianthracene (2A), 2,6-trianthracene (3A), and their dihexyl derivatives (DH-2A and DH-3A), as the active layer material. X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy revealed that the thin films of anthracene oligomers deposited by thermal evaporation had a high degree of lamellar ordering. The OTFTs showed high field effect mobilities; the highest mobility (0.13 cm/sup 2//Vs) was obtained for DH-2A.
Docetaxel-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells is dependent on activation of caspase-2 (2007)

Taxanes have a broad spectrum of activity against various human cancers, including melanoma. In this study, we have examined the molecular mechanism of docetaxel-induced apoptosis of human melanoma. We report that docetaxel induced varying degrees of apoptosis in a panel of melanoma cell lines but not in normal fibroblasts. Induction of apoptosis was caspase dependent and associated with changes in mitochondrial membrane potential that could be inhibited by overexpression of Bcl-2. Docetaxel induced changes in Bax that correlated with sensitivity to docetaxel-induced apoptosis. These changes in Bax were not inhibited by overexpression of Bcl-2. Kinetic studies of caspase-2 activation by Western blotting and fluorogenic assays revealed that activation of caspase-2 seemed to be the initiating event. Inhibition of caspase-2 with z-VDVAD-fmk or by small interfering RNA knockdown inhibited changes in Bax and mitochondrial membrane potential and events downstream of mitochondria. Activation of caspase-8 and Bid seemed to be a late event, and docetaxel was able to induce apoptosis in cells deficient in caspase-8 and Bid. p53 did not seem to be involved as a p53 null cell line was sensitive to docetaxel and an inhibitor of p53 did not inhibit apoptosis. Small interfering RNA knockdown of PUMA and Noxa also did not inhibit apoptosis. These results suggest that docetaxel induces apoptosis in melanoma cells by pathways that are dependent on activation of caspase-2, which initiates mitochondrial dependent apoptosis by direct or indirect activation of Bax.