gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction. (2010)

<title>Abstract</title> This chapter provides the overview of the extent to which regional fisheries management organization (RFMOs) with competence over straddling or highly migratory fish stocks have adopted and implemented the international legal regime established by UN Fish Stocks Agreement (UNFSA) and a range of other instruments in four thematic areas like avoiding overfishing and restoring fish stocks through the precautionary approach; introducing the ecosystem approach to fisheries management; improving decision making and strengthening monitoring, control and surveillance and enforcement.
A Time Interval and Reference Line Marker for Moving Film Photography of Oscilloscope Traces (1948)

A device is described which produces a reference light beam capable of being modulated at any desired frequency up to several thousand cycles per second. The light source can be mounted on the face of most oscilloscopes with slight alterations. It facilitates the introduction of a timing scale and fixed reference line when photographic recordings are made of oscilloscope traces by means of drum or continuously moving film cameras.
The physics of light transmission through subwavelength apertures and aperture arrays (2009)

The passage of light through apertures much smaller than the wavelength of the light has proved to be a surprisingly subtle phenomenon. This report describes how modern developments in nanofabrication, coherent light sources and numerical vector field simulations have led to the upending of early predictions from scalar diffraction theory and classical electrodynamics. Optical response of real materials to incident coherent radiation at petahertz frequencies leads to unexpected consequences for transmission and extinction of light through subwavelength aperture arrays. This paper is a report on progress in our understanding of this phenomenon over the past decade.
Oncostatin M: Development of a Pleiotropic Cytokine (1999)

Oncostatin M (OM) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine subfamily. The binding of OM to its receptor initiates signal transduction through JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathways and activates transcription activators through mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Results of in vitro assays documented that OM modulates cytokine expression and alters the production of proteases that down-regulate inflammation. Administration of OM to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice lowered serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels and decreased the lethal effects of LPS administration. OM also reduced inflammation in animal models of human disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, antibody-induced arthritis, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Preclinical safety studies have been conducted in the mouse and monkey. Mice were administered OM (subcutaneously) at 72, 360, or 1,560 micrograms/kg/day in a 2-wk toxicity study. Decreased body weights occurred at 1,560 micrograms/kg. Drug-related changes at 360 and 1,560 micrograms/kg consisted of dermal irritation at the injection site, leukopenia, and thymic lymphoid depletion; all changes were reversible following a 2-wk recovery period. In a 2-wk subcutaneous study in monkeys, OM was administered at 1, 5, 15, 45, or 150 micrograms/kg/day. At all doses there was reversible, transient inappetence and dermal irritation at the injection site. Drug-related changes at 5, 15, 45, and 150 micrograms/kg consisted of reversible elevations in both serum amyloid A and IL-6, and reversible thymic lymphoid depletion. Transient increases in body temperature occurred at 15, 45, and 150 micrograms/kg. The observed spectrum of immunomodulatory effects suggests that OM may have therapeutic utility in treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
Nonradioactive PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA (1995)

We developed a rapid, sensitive, and specific PCR-based assay for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The assay includes primer and probe sequences derived from conserved HCMV nucleotide sequences and nonradioactive hybridization-confirmation. The assay detected between 10 and 100 viral genomes. All HCMV clinical isolates tested (39 of 39) gave positive reactions.
DIAMETER Mobile IP Extensions (2001)

DIAMETER is an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA)
Policy Protocol that is used between two entities for various
services. This document defines an extension that allow a DIAMETER
Client to request authentication and receive autorization information
for a Mobile IP Mobile Node.
Strategies for residue explosives detection using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2007)

The ability to detect trace amounts of explosives and their residues in real time is of vital interest to Homeland Security and the military. Previous work at the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) demonstrated the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the detection of energetic materials. Our recent efforts have been focused on improving the sensitivity and selectivity of LIBS for residue explosives detection and on extending this work to the standoff detection of explosive residues. One difficulty with detecting energetic materials is that the contribution to the oxygen and nitrogen signals from air can impede the identification of the explosive material. Techniques for reducing the air entrainment into the plasma—such as using an argon buffer gas or a collinear double-pulse configuration—have been investigated for this application. In addition to the laboratory studies, ARL’s new double-pulse standoff system (ST-LIBS) has recently been used to detect explosive residues at 20 m. The efficacy of chemometric techniques such as linear correlation, principal components analysis (PCA), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) for the identification of explosive residues is also discussed. We have shown that despite the typical characterization of LIBS as an elemental technique, the relative elemental intensities in the LIBS spectra are representative of the stoichiometry of the parent molecules and can be used to discriminate materials containing the same elements. Simultaneous biohazard and explosive residue discrimination at standoff distances has also been demonstrated.
Deformation of stream surfaces in steady axisymmetric flow (2001)

Stream surfaces are used to examine the arrangement of neighboring streamlines in steady, divergence‐free axisymmetric flow. Expressions are obtained that relate the angle of intersection between stream surfaces with general orientations to the Stokes stream function and to the specific discharge vector. These expressions are used to quantify deformation to the geometry of streamlines and stream surfaces occurring in axisymmetric flow. The Stokes stream function is presented for an isolated inhomogeneity in hydraulic conductivity with spheroidal geometry. It is shown that axisymmetric flow generated by inhomogeneity rearranges the relative position of a streamline with respect to neighboring streamlines only locally. In contrast, a persistent rearrangement in the orientation and spacing of neighboring streamlines is observed between large distances upgradient and downgradient from groundwater withdrawal. This characterizes all possible rearrangement of neighboring streamlines in axisymmetric flow; withdrawal (or production) is required for a persistent rearrangement to occur.
Ceftriaxone, a Beta-Lactam Antibiotic, Modulates Apoptosis Pathways and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain (2014)

Our results suggest that ceftriaxone, an upregulator/activator of GLT1, could concomitantly reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis and producing its new analogs lacking antimicrobial activity may represent a novel approach for neuropathic pain treatment.
Application of a chloroplast DNA marker in seed orchard management evaluations of Douglas-fir (1998)

We evaluated pollen contamination, supplemental mass pollination efficacies, and natural selfing in a Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) clonal-row seed orchard using a genetic marker on the paternally inherited chloroplast (cp) genome. A primer pair for the polymerase chain reaction amplification of a variable region on the cpDNA in Douglas-fir was developed. The amplified DNA product was highly variable in size, yielding 13 different haplotype bands from 20 orchard genotypes growing in the clonal-row seed orchard. Observed band sizes ranged from 859 to 1110 base pairs (bp). To estimate variation levels in the orchard background pollen pool, 96 assayed genotypes from surrounding stands gave rise to 36 different haplotypes, ranging from 367 to 1119 bp in size, resulting in a gene diversity estimate of 0.91. Most orchard clones' haplotypes were also present in the background. After adjusting for the presence of orchard-type haplotypes in the background, contamination was found to be 40%. Natural selfing in six individual clones ranged from 0 to 19% with an average of 6%. Supplemental mass pollination efficacy was estimated to be 55%, ranging from 39 to 73%, depending on the maternal clone and flowering phenology. This DNA marker proved to be very useful in assessing seed orchard mating dynamics and orchard management efficacies for Douglas-fir.
Noise Attenuation of Dissipative Mufflers (1956)

First Page
Aerodynamic Installation Effects of an Over-the-Wing Propeller on a High-Lift Configuration (2014)

Preliminary design studies indicate that a cruise-efficient short takeoff and landing aircraft has enhanced takeoff performance at competitive direct operating costs when using high-speed propellers in combination with internally blown flaps. The original tractor configuration is compared to an over-the-wing propeller, which allows for noise shielding. An additional geometry with partially embedded rotor similar to a channel wing is considered to increase the beneficial interaction. This paper shows the aerodynamic integration effects with a focus on climb performance and provides an assessment of the three aforementioned configurations for a simplified wing segment at takeoff conditions. Steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations have been conducted using an actuator disk model and were evaluated based on the overall design. Interacting with the blown flap, the conventional tractor propeller induces large lift and drag increments due to the vectored sliptream. Although this effect is much smaller for an over-the-wing configuration, by halving the lift augmentation, the lift-to-drag ratio and the propulsive efficiency are considerably improved. Besides a moderate lift gain, the main advantage of a channel wing design is the location of the thrust vector close to the center of gravity resulting in a smaller nosedown pitching moment due to thrust. A disadvantage of over-the-wing propellers is the inhomogeneous inflow at higher velocity, which leads to oscillating blade loads and reduced efficiency.
Determining end-of-life strategies as a part of product definition (2003)

This paper presents an approach for determining feasible end-of-life strategies from significant product characteristics. Previous surveys of a broad range of products led to a classification scheme that helps designers incorporate suitable end-of-life strategies in their product definition. The development of the end-of-life categorization results from statistical analysis applied to twelve characteristics across twenty products from the electronics and appliances industries. Further, the paper describes in detail the development of a Web-based application, End-of-Life Design Advisor (ELDA). ELDA guides designers, recycling technology developers and policy makers to specify end-of-life strategies and improve decisions related to end-of-life strategies.
Preconcentration of Heavy Metal Ions with Thermo-Sensitive Chitosan and Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Trace Cadmium in Water (2007)

キトサン骨格にマレイン酸（MaA）基又はメタクリルヒドロキサム酸（MHA）基を有する直鎖状熱応答性キレート高分子をグラフト化した熱応答性キトサン｛poly(NIPAAm-co-MaA)-g-chitosan，poly(NIPAAm-co-MHA)-g-chitosan｝を合成した．合成した熱応答性キトサンの熱刺激による分散•凝集性及び金属イオンの捕集特性について検討した．熱応答性キトサンは，いずれもその相転移温度以下である20℃の水溶液中において分散し，相転移温度以上である50℃に加熱すると凝集した．また，いずれの熱応答性キトサンでも，CuII，ZnII，CdII，及びPbIIが中性領域において定量的に捕集され，特にpoly(NIPAAm-co-MaA)-g-chitosanでは，吸脱着を繰り返しても捕集率は低下しなかった．合成した各種熱応答性キトサンを用いて，1.0×10－9 mol/L CuII，CdII及びPbIIの20倍濃縮を検討した結果，いずれの熱応答性キトサンを用いても90% 以上の回収率が得られた．poly(NIPAAm-co-MaA)-g-chitosanを捕集剤として用い，黒鉛炉原子吸光法と組み合わせることで，水道水，飲料水及び河川水中の10－10 mol/LレベルのCdIIを定量できた．また，河川水の認証標準物質に適用したところ，測定値は認証値とよく一致した．
Analysis of p21WAF1/CIP1 in primary bladder tumors. (1996)

The p21WAF1/CIP1 gene is regulated by p53 and encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)-inhibitor involved in senescence and cell quiescence. The role of p21 as a negative regulator of cell proliferation suggests that it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. However, only a few mutations of the p21WAF1/CIP1 gene have been reported to date. In order to assess potential p21WAF1/CIP1 gene alterations in human bladder cancer, we have examined this gene and its encoded product in a well-characterized cohort of 27 primary bladder tumors. Mobility shifts by single-strand conformation polymorphism in the p21WAF1/CIP1 gene were identified in 2 cases. Sequencing analyses revealed that one of these cases had point mutations in the 3' untranslated region, while the other case had a frame shift mutation at positions 322 (C to A) and a deletion of 8 nucleotides (323-->331; CCG-->ACG, codon 81 Arg-->Thr) that produced a stop signal at codon 83 (Gly--Stop). This tumor had a p21-negative phenotype by immunohistochemistry, but did not lose any allele. We further characterized these cases by the study of TP53 mutations using single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing, as well as immunohistochemical assays. Seven mobility shifts were identified and seven cases showed p53 nuclear accumulation. The two cases displaying mutated p21WAF1/CIP1 had wild-type TP53. It is concluded that p21WAF1/CIP1 gene aberrations are infrequent in bladder carcinoma but may be occasionally identified in primary bladder tumors.
Randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial comparing safety and efficacy of oral controlled-release oxycodone with controlled-release morphine in patients with cancer pain. (1998)

Controlled-release oxycodone is as safe and effective as controlled-release morphine in the treatment of cancer pain.
Determination of Thiosulfate in Body Fluids By GC and GC/MS (1991)

A simple and sensitive method to determine thiosulfate in human blood and urine was devised. Thiosulfate was first alkylated with pentafluorobenzyl bromide, with L-ascorbic acid as the stabilizer and sodium chloride as the catalyst. The alkylated thiosulfate was oxidized with iodine to obtain bis(pentafluorobenzyl)disulfide, which was then subjected to gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mass fragmentography was used to identify the disulfide, and gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used for quantitative determination. The lower limit of detection was 0.003 mumol/mL.
New developments in the design of ring-field projection cameras for EUV lithography: passive pupil correction (1998)

The design of all-reflective cameras for EUV-lithography is an area of lens design that has received attention in the last few years. One important goal is to design a projection camera that meets first-order requirements, image quality requirements, packaging requirements, minimizes the number of mirrors to minimize reflection losses, and that can be successfully manufactured. From the optical design point of view it is desirable to use the best designing tools and concepts to maximize the performance of a projection camera. The optical requirements are so stringent that every little bit of design help is welcome. Examples of some useful optical design ideas are the annular field concept and the concept of annular surfaces. In this paper we discuss how the concept of passive pupil correction can be applied to improve the theoretical performance of an annular or ring field system.
Correlation of DME Pulse Trains for Use in Multilateration (2007)

This paper describes a method of centralized correlation of distance measuring equipment (DME) pulse sequences between widely separated pairs of remote unit (RU) receivers to isolate the sequences that have been emitted by individual aircraft. Once isolated, time of arrival (TOA) of individual pulses may be examined to form the basis of pulse-specific time difference of arrival (TDOA) multilateration in the usual way.
C. Gordon Jelliffe (1973)

The banking industry in the last five years has witnessed more dramatic marketing innovations than most other industries. One of the leading innovators in that industry is C. Gordon Jelliffe, president of City National Bank, Columbus, Ohio. Gordon Jelliffe joined City National in 1964 as vice chairman and rose to the presidency in January, 1968. Before joining the banking industry, The Ohio State University graduate played a vital role in the growth and development of The Columbus Coated Fab-
Processing of Wild-type and Mutant Proinsulin-like Growth Factor-IA by Subtilisin-related Proprotein Convertases (1997)

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is required for normal embryonic development and postnatal growth. Like most hormones and growth factors, IGF-I is synthesized as a proprotein that is converted to the mature form by endoproteolysis. Processing of pro-IGF-I to mature IGF-I occurs by cleavage within the unique pentabasic processing motif Lys-X-X-Lys-X-X-Arg71-X-X-Arg-X-X-Arg77. We have previously shown that human embryonic kidney 293 cells process pro-IGF-IA at Arg71 to generate IGF-I-(1-70) and at Arg77 to produce IGF-I-(1-76). Cleavage at each of these sites requires upstream basic residues, indicating that subtilisin-related proprotein convertases (SPCs) may be involved. In order to investigate the identity of the endogenous enzymes involved in maturation of pro-IGF-IA, we have expressed wild-type and mutant pro-IGF-IA in 293 cells and in the furin-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cell line, RPE.40. We have also co-expressed these constructs with SPCs that are thought to play a role in processing precursor proteins in the constitutive pathway: furin, PACE4, PC6A, PC6B, and LPC. The results show that furin is most active at cleaving wild-type and mutant pro-IGF-IA and can cleave these precursors at multiple sites within the pentabasic motif. PC6A and LPC are less active than furin but cleave only at Arg71. PACE4 and PC6B have very little activity on pro-IGF-IA precursors. Wild-type pro-IGF-IA was correctly processed to mature IGF-I in 10 of 10 cell lines that were tested. Since furin, PC6A, and LPC are known to have a broad pattern of tissue distribution and we have demonstrated expression of LPC in RPE.40 cells, our results suggest that these SPCs may be responsible for the endogenous pro-IGF-IA processing activity observed in a wide variety of cell lines.
Immobilization of microbial cells on cellulose–polymer surfaces by radiation polymerization (1983)

Abstract Streptomyces phaeochromogenes cells were immobilized on cellulose–polymer surfaces by radiation polymerization using hydrophilic monomers and paper. The enzyme activity of immobilized cell sheets was higher than that of immobilized cell composites obtained by the usual radiation polymerization technique. The enzyme activity of the sheets was affected by monomer concentration, the thickness of paper, and the degree of polymerization of paper. The copolymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methoxytetraethyleneglycol methacrylate in the sheets led to a further increase of the enzyme activity due to the increase of the hydrophilicity of the polymer matrix. The Michaelis constant of the sheets from low monomer concentration was close to that of intact cells.
5 Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone, BiP (1994)

I. INTRODUCTION Within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a variety of resident ER proteins assist newly translocated nascent polypeptides to fold into their correct tertiary and quaternary structures. These resident proteins include both molecular chaperones that recognize and stabilize partially folded intermediates during polypeptide folding and assembly and enzymes that catalyze rate-determining steps in folding, such as protein disulfide isomerase and peptidyl prolyl isomerases (for review, see Gething and Sambrook 1992). Prominent among the molecular chaperones, both in its relative abundance in the ER lumen and as a focus of recent experimental attention, is BiP, the sole ER-located member of the stress-70 (hsp70) protein family. In mammalian cells, this protein was originally described independently as the immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein, found in noncovalent association with heavy chains in myeloma cells that do not synthesize immunoglobulin light chains (Haas and Wabl 1983), and as the glucose-regulated protein, Grp78 (Pouyssegur et al. 1977), one of a set of highly abundant ER proteins whose rate of synthesis is increased by glucose starvation or a variety of other cellular stress conditions (Lee 1987), In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, BiP is the product of the KAR2 gene (Normington et al. 1989; Rose et al. 1989; Nicholson et al. 1990), one of a class of genes originally defined as being involved in nuclear fusion following mating of yeast cells (Polaina and Conde 1982). BiP is now known to associate transiently with a wide variety of newly synthesized wild-type exocytotic proteins and more permanently with malfolded or...
Synthesis and properties of model oligomers of poly(naphthylenevinylene)s (1989)

Abstract Model compounds for poly(1,4‐naphthylenevinylene) ( 1 ) and poly(2,6‐naphthylenevinylene) ( 2 ) were synthesized by the Wittig synthesis and studied by UV/VIS spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The values of 2,0 eV for the band gap edge and 0,7 V vs. the saturated calomel electrode for the oxidation potential, which were estimated by an extrapolation of the band gap edge and oxidation potential of model dimer and trimer of 1 , are in excellent agreement with the literature values for the polymer. A value of 2,3 eV for the band gap edge of 2 was found by extrapolating the band gap edge of a model dimer and trimer, but the oxidation potential of polymer 2 could not be estimated, because the model trimer was not sufficiently soluble in solvents used. The stoichiometries of the radical cation salts of the model compounds, which were prepared by electrocrystallization, were evaluated from elemental analysis. A single crystal, radical cation salt was obtained for the model dimer of polymer 2 .
Chemical Raman Enhancement of Organic Adsorbates on Metal Surfaces (2011)

Using first-principles theory and experiments, chemical contributions to surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for a well-studied organic molecule, benzene thiol, chemisorbed on planar Au(111) surfaces are explained and quantified. Density functional theory calculations of the static Raman tensor demonstrate a strong mode-dependent modification of benzene thiol Raman spectra by Au substrates. Raman active modes with the largest enhancements result from stronger contributions from Au to their electron-vibron coupling, as quantified through a deformation potential. A straightforward and general analysis is introduced to extract chemical enhancement from experiments for specific vibrational modes; measured values are in excellent agreement with our calculations.