gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of a new quantitative method for specific IgE antibodies. (1996)

We studied the analytical and clinical efficiency of a "second generation" technique for the in vitro determination of specific IgE, the so-called CARLA system (Capture Assay Radim Liquid Allergen). Reproducibility studies demonstrated satisfactory intra- and inter-assay analytical imprecision. The linearity test gave good results, and no significant interference by non-specific total IgE was found. The diagnostic efficiency of the system for the five most representative aeroallergens (D1, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; E1, Cat's epithelium; G5, Lolium perenne; W19, Parietaria officinalis and W5, Arthemisia absinthium) was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis in eighty-nine patients with suspected inhalant allergies. For each aeroallergen the area under the ROC curve and the most efficient threshold were calculated. Satisfactory areas under the ROC curve were found for D1, G5, E1 and W19, while a lower diagnostic efficiency was observed for W5. The most efficient thresholds differed from one allergen to another, although the differences were not great.
69.4: Amorphous Silicon Based 40″ LCD TV Using Ultra Fast OCB Mode (2006)

Abstract The world's largest (40 inch) size a‐Si TFT‐LCD HDTV (1366 × 768) panels based on OCB (optically compensated bend) mode has been successfully developed using newly developed impulsive driving method, which shows the contrast ratio over 500, viewing angle over 160 degree for all direction, brightness over 600 cd/m 2 and MPRT in the range of 7 ∼ 10ms. Especially, transmittance and viewing quality of the motion picture have been remarkably enhanced by gray impulsive driving (GID) method. We are now continuing further research in order to improve the contrast ratio and reliability for commercialization.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanoceria‐Catalyzed Highly Efficient Procedure for N‐Formylation of Amines at Room Temperature under Solvent‐Free Conditions. (2014)

Abstract Application of a chiral substrate yields the corresponding product without razemization.
Cellulase Production by <i>Thermomonospora curvata</i> Isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Compost (1971)

A cellulolytic, thermophilic actinomycete (previously isolated from municipal refuse compost samples) was identified as Thermomonospora curvata. A determination was made of the optimal conditions for cellulase production by T. curvata when grown at 55 C in a medium containing mineral salts, cellulose, and yeast extract. The pH and temperature optima (pH 6.0 and 65 C) for the cellulase produced by T. curvata were identical to those previously observed for the cellulase extracted from crude compost samples. Such similarities, together with the prevalence of T. curvata in compost samples and its ability to grow at composting temperatures, indicate that this actinomycete could possibly be considered as a major cellulose decomposer in the municipal refuse composting process.
Silencing and Activation of ClyA Cytotoxin Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2000)

Cytolysin A (ClyA) is a pore-forming cytotoxic protein encoded by the clyA gene of Escherichia coli K-12. Genetic analysis suggested that clyA is silenced by the nucleoid protein H-NS. Purified H-NS protein showed preferential binding to clyA sequences in the promoter region, as evidenced by DNase I footprinting and gel mobility shift assays. Transcriptional derepression and activation of a chromosomal clyA::luxAB operon fusion were seen under conditions of H-NS deficiency and SlyA overproduction, respectively. In H-NS-deficient bacteria neither the absence nor the overproduction of SlyA affected the derepressed ClyA expression any further. Therefore, we suggest that overproduction of SlyA in hns(+) E. coli derepresses clyA transcription by counteracting H-NS. The cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP) was required for ClyA expression, and it interacted with a predicted, albeit suboptimal, CRP binding site in the clyA upstream region. Site-specific alterations of the CRP binding site to match the consensus resulted in substantially higher levels of ClyA expression, while alterations that were predicted to reduce CRP binding reduced ClyA expression. During anaerobic growth the fumarate and nitrate reduction regulator (FNR) was important for ClyA expression, and the clyA gene could be activated by overexpression of FNR. A major clyA transcript having its 5' end (+1) located 72 bp upstream of the translational start codon and 61 bp downstream of the CRP-FNR binding site was detected in the absence of H-NS. The clyA promoter was characterized as a class I promoter that could be transcriptionally activated by CRP and/or FNR. According to DNA bending analyses, the clyA promoter region has high intrinsic curvature. We suggest that it represents a regulatory region which is particularly susceptible to H-NS silencing, and its features are discussed in relation to regulation of other silenced operons.
Simultaneous intracellular and extracelular p<sup>H</sup> measurement in the heart by <sup>19</sup>F NMR of 6‐fluoropyridoxol (1998)

6-Fluoropyridoxol (6-FPOL) was evaluated as a simultaneous indicator of intracellular and extracellular pH and, hence, pH gradient in perfused rat hearts. After infusion, 19F NMR spectra rapidly showed two well-resolved peaks assigned to the intracellular and extracellular compartments, and pH was calculated on the basis of chemical shift with respect to a sodium trifluoroacetate standard. To demonstrate use of this molecule, dynamic changes in myocardial pH were assessed with a time resolution of 2 min during respiratory and metabolic alkalosis or acidosis and ischemia. For a typical heart, intracellular pH (pHi) = 7.14+/-0.01 and extracellular pH (pHe) = 7.52+/-0.02. In response to metabolic alkalosis, pHi remained relatively constant and the pH gradient increased. In contrast, respiratory challenge caused a significant increase in pHi. Independent measurements using pH electrodes and 31P NMR confirmed validity of the 19F NMR results.
Immunization with a Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface antigen induces a partial immunity in monkeys. (1985)

Saimiri monkeys immunized with a Plasmodium falciparum merozoite polypeptide of 41 kD mol wt are resistant to a blood challenge infection that induces a fulminant infection in control monkeys. The sera of the immunized monkeys reacted, as shown by the indirect immunofluorescence technique, with the apical part of the merozoites from five isolates or clones of P. falciparum. Whether the immunogen was dissolved in nonionic detergent (NP-40) or in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) had a marked influence on the level of protection in immunized monkeys. Thus, monkeys immunized with the antigen solubilized in a nonionic detergent developed much lower parasitemia than monkeys immunized with denatured antigen (antigen eluted from SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis).
749. Organoboron compounds. Part V. The hydrolysis of cyclic phenylboronates (1963)

R. A. Bowie and O. C. Musgrave, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 3945 DOI: 10.1039/JR9630003945
Construction of L-threonine overproducing strains of Escherichia coli K-12 using recombinant DNA techniques. (1983)

The threonine operon of Escherichia coli was cloned in plasmid pBR322, using a threonine producing mutant, βIM4, as the DNA donor. A recombinant plasmid, pAJ294, that contains the whole threonine operon was obtained. No. 29-4, a transformant of βIM4 with pAJ294, had about eleven copies of pAJ294, five times higher homoserine dehydrogenase activity (coded by the thrA gene), and about three times higher threonine productivity than those of βIM4. No. 29-4 produced 13.4g/liter of L-threonine from 30 g/liter of glucose in the culture medium.
Hydropolysilanes as precursors to silicon carbide (1995)

Abstract A systematic study of the roles of three different types of monomers and their compositions in hydropolysilane homo‐, co‐, and terpolymers on their pyrolytic yields to silicon carbides was performed. The diorganodichlorosilane monomer, serving to increase molecular weights of the polymers, is not a significant factor in pyrolytic yields. The organotrichlorosilane monomer, leading to branched structures of the polymers, is helpful in obtaining high pyrolytic yields. The monoorganodichlorosilane monomer, providing crosslinking sites for the polymers, is useful in retarding decomposition during pyrolysis. The precursor‐to‐ceramic conversion chemistry was studied using thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The pyrolytic yields were not pyrolysis‐time‐dependent but decreased as the pyrolysis temperature increased. The apparent crystalline size increased as both the pyrolysis time and temperature increased. For a 30 min pyrolysis, the pyrolysis temperature must be over 1000–1200°C to provide a crystalline pyrolytic residue. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The effects of sibutramine and orlistat on the ultrasonographic findings, insulin resistance and liver enzyme levels in obese patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. (2003)

The present study shows that both sibutramine-induced and orlistat-induced weight losses result in reduction of insulin resistance, and improvements in biochemical markers and US findings of NASH. Because the GGT levels decreased in both groups, the increased ALP levels might have another source.
Synthesis and Characterization of Pt(0) Nanoparticles in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids (2006)

The controlled decomposition of Pt2(dba)3 (dba = dibenzylideneacetone) dispersed in 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMI.BF4) and hexafluorophosphate (BMI.PF6) ionic liquids in the presence of cyclohexene by molecular hydrogen produces Pt0 nanoparticles. The formation of these nanoparticles follows the two-step [A --> B, A + B --> 2B (k1, k2)] autocatalytic mechanism. The catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of cyclohexene is influenced by the nature of the anion rather than the mean-diameter of the nanoparticles. Thus, higher catalytic activity was obtained with Pt0 dispersed in BMI.BF4 containing the less coordinating anion although these nanoparticles possess a larger mean diameter (3.4 nm) than those obtained in BMI.PF6 (2.3 nm). Similar mean diameter values were estimated from in situ XRD and SAXS. XPS analyses clearly show the interactions of the ionic liquid with the metal surface demonstrating the formation of an ionic liquid protective layer surrounding the platinum nanoparticles. SAXS analysis indicated the formation of a semi-organized ionic liquid layer surrounding the metal particles with an extended molecular length of around 2.8 nm in BMI.BF4 and 3.3 nm in BMI.PF6.
PREVENTING THE AX (2001)

Education productivity, resource consumption, and the link between productivity and cost continue to be critical dimensions that need to be managed effectively in the face of continued downsizing and restructuring. EdVision is a fiscal based methodology that measures all three dimensions. The methodology was initially developed in the early 1990s and has been refined over the past 7 years. EdVision links productivity to cost by assessing Total Direct Expense per Education Relative Value Unit (RVU). Benchmarking this new indicator is key to moving toward an accurate measure of education productivity and cost across organizations. EdVision allows education and training departments to prove their productivity and base resource decisions on data, thereby reducing vulnerability to unnecessary budget cuts.
Effect of Culture Media on <i>In Vitro</i> Development of Cloned Mouse Embryos (2001)

The effect of simple and sequential embryo culture media on the preimplantation development of mouse nuclear transfer (NT) embryos reconstructed with cumulus cell nuclei using a mechanical NT technique was studied. Blastocyst formation rate was evaluated using CZB medium and the sequential media G1/G2 and KSOM/G2. Arrested two- and three-cell NT embryos were Hoechst-stained to check for nuclear abnormalities. Nonmanipulated and sham-manipulated parthenogenetic embryos served as controls for, respectively, the medium and the handling technique. Rates of blastocyst formation for medium and handling control embryos were similar in CZB (58% and 61%), in G1/G2 (94% and 85%), and in KSOM/G2 (88% and 84%). Development of NT embryos was significantly impaired from the two-cell stage onwards, reaching the blastocyst stage at a rate of 5% in CZB, 14% in G1/G2, and 28% in KSOM/G2. Arrested two- and three-cell stage NT embryos showed a high rate of binucleation. These data demonstrate not only that NT embryos are more sensitive to in vitro culture conditions than parthenogenetic control embryos but also that selection of culture media can influence the preimplantation development of NT embryos.
Thermally Driven Crossover from Indirect toward Direct Bandgap in 2D Semiconductors: MoSe<sub>2</sub> versus MoS<sub>2</sub> (2012)

Layered semiconductors based on transition-metal chalcogenides usually cross from indirect bandgap in the bulk limit over to direct bandgap in the quantum (2D) limit. Such a crossover can be achieved by peeling off a multilayer sample to a single layer. For exploration of physical behavior and device applications, it is much desired to reversibly modulate such crossover in a multilayer sample. Here we demonstrate that, in a few-layer sample where the indirect bandgap and direct bandgap are nearly degenerate, the temperature rise can effectively drive the system toward the 2D limit by thermally decoupling neighboring layers via interlayer thermal expansion. Such a situation is realized in few-layer MoSe(2), which shows stark contrast from the well-explored MoS(2) where the indirect and direct bandgaps are far from degenerate. Photoluminescence of few-layer MoSe(2) is much enhanced with the temperature rise, much like the way that the photoluminescence is enhanced due to the bandgap crossover going from the bulk to the quantum limit, offering potential applications involving external modulation of optical properties in 2D semiconductors. The direct bandgap of MoSe(2), identified at 1.55 eV, may also promise applications in energy conversion involving solar spectrum, as it is close to the optimal bandgap value of single-junction solar cells and photoelechemical devices.
Near-infrared light-responsive nanomaterials in cancer therapeutics (2014)

Noninvasive techniques, such as breath tests (urea breath test), blood pressure measurements using a sphygmomanometer and electrocardiography, were employed by a physician to perform classical diagnosis. The use of state-of-the-art noninvasive therapies at the organ level in modern medicine has gradually become possible. However, cancer treatment demands spatially and temporally controlled noninvasive therapy at the cell level because nonspecific toxicity often causes complicated side effects. To increase survival in cancer patients further, combination therapy and combination drugs are explored which demand high specificity to avoid combined-drug side effects. We believe that high specificity could be obtained by implementing near-infrared (NIR) light-assisted nanoparticles in photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. To refine this therapy and subsequently achieve high efficiency, novel nanomaterials have been designed and modified either to enhance the uptake and drug delivery to the cancer site, or control treatment to administer therapy efficiently. These modifications and developments have been demonstrated to achieve spatial and temporal control when conducting an in vivo xenograft, because the NIR light penetrated effectively the biological tissue. The nanoplatforms discussed in this review are grouped under the following subheadings: Au nanorods (NRs), Au nanoshells, other Au-related nanomaterials, graphene oxide, upconversion nanoparticles, and other related materials (including materials such as CuS, Fe3O4-related systems, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)).
CD148: A Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Involved in the Regulation of Human T Cell Activation (1998)

Following ligation of the TCR and costimulatory molecules such as CD28, T cells proliferate and secrete cytokines. Several other cell surface molecules have been identified that are capable of augmenting activation mediated via the TCR. These include CD2, CD27, CD40 ligand, and signaling lymphocytic activation molecule. Here, we have characterized the expression and function of CD148, a recently identified receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase. CD148 is expressed at low levels on resting T cells, but is up-regulated following in vitro activation. Cross-linking CD148 with immobilized anti-CD148 mAb induced vigorous proliferation of anti-CD3 mAb-activated, highly purified peripheral blood T cells in an IL-2-dependent, cyclosporin A-sensitive manner. This effect was greatest after 8 days of in vitro culture, suggesting that this molecule is involved in the latter stages of a T cell response. CD148-induced proliferation was significantly greater for CD8+ T cells than for CD4+ T cells. Thus, CD148 is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase involved in the activation of T lymphocytes.
A low-power, high-speed 10-bit GaAs DAC (2002)

A 10-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) has been designed and fabricated in gallium arsenide using a 0.7- mu m MESFET self-aligned gate process. This circuit has the highest reported resolution for a GaAs DAC with monolithic current sources. The DAC operates at a 1-GHz sampling rate while dissipating only 139 mW of power. This design is not ideal for a system-level insertion because of the required bias adjustments of the FET current source, even though the R-2R ladder required no adjustment. However, the incorporation of the R-2R ladders in a segmented approach is expected to eliminate the bias adjustment requirement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A <i>P</i>-Element Insertion Screen Identified Mutations in 455 Novel Essential Genes in Drosophila (2003)

With the completion of the nucleotide sequences of several complex eukaryotic genomes, tens of thousands of genes have been predicted. However, this information has to be correlated with the functions of those genes to enhance our understanding of biology and to improve human health care. The Drosophila transposon P-element-induced mutations are very useful for directly connecting gene products to their biological function. We designed an efficient transposon P-element-mediated gene disruption procedure and performed genetic screening for single P-element insertion mutations, enabling us to recover 2500 lethal mutations. Among these, 2355 are second chromosome mutations. Sequences flanking >2300 insertions that identify 850 different genes or ESTs (783 genes on the second chromosome and 67 genes on the third chromosome) have been determined. Among these, 455 correspond to genes for which no lethal mutation has yet been reported. The Drosophila genome is thought to contain approximately 3600 vital genes; 1400 are localized on the second chromosome. Our mutation collection represents approximately 56% of the second chromosome vital genes and approximately 24% of the total vital Drosophila genes.
Real time copper resistivity measurements during sputter deposition (2001)

Electrical resistivity of thin copper films sputtered onto silicon dioxide is measured in real time. The electrical resistivity is shown to strongly depend on the film's thickness, for thicknesses below the bulk mean free path of copper (390 /spl Aring/). Furthermore, observations are made on the relaxation of the electrical resistivity after the growth (by sputtering) is terminated. Both the magnitude of change in the electrical resistivity, and the time scale of change is observed to be a function of the film's thickness.
High performance of lithium-ion polymer battery based on non-aqueous lithiated perfluorinated sulfonic ion-exchange membranes (2011)

A lithium-ion polymer battery using the lithiated perfluorinated sulfonic ion-exchange membranes swollen with organic non-aqueous solvent as both separator and electrolyte is demonstrated, and shows very good capacity retention compared with the conventional lithium-ion battery using the liquid electrolyte.
High-power all-normal-dispersion femtosecond pulse generation from a Yb-doped large-mode-area microstructure fiber laser (2007)

We report on an all-normal-dispersion mode-locked fiber laser based on a large-mode-area Yb-doped microstructure fiber and using a high nonlinear modulation depth semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. The laser delivers 3.3 W of average output power with positively chirped 5.5 ps pulses at a center wavelength of 1033 nm. The pulse repetition rate is 46.4 MHz, which results in an energy per pulse of 71 nJ. These pulses are extracavity dechirped down to 516 fs by using bulk gratings. The average power of the dechirped pulses is 2.3 W, which corresponds to a peak power of more than 96 kW.
Immunoembolization of Malignant Liver Tumors, Including Uveal Melanoma, Using Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (2008)

Immunoembolization with GM-CSF is safe and feasible in patients with hepatic metastasis from primary uveal melanoma. Encouraging preliminary efficacy and safety results warrant additional clinical study in metastatic uveal melanoma.
Analysis of the MAC performances in 802.11g radio-over-fiber systems (2011)

This paper investigates the performance when the IEEE 802.11g standard is used in a radio-over-fiber (RoF) network. We report that the IEEE 802.11g throughput may be dramatically deteriorated in RoF systems. We then show the possibility to adapt the slottime parameter in order to improve the IEEE 802.11g performances in RoF networks.
High quality factor graphene varactors for wireless sensing applications (2011)

A graphene wireless sensor concept is described. By utilizing thin gate dielectrics, the capacitance in a metal-insulator-graphene structure varies with charge concentration through the quantum capacitance effect. Simulations using realistic structural and transport parameters predict quality factors, Q, &gt;60 at 1 GHz. When placed in series with an ideal inductor, a resonant frequency tuning ratio of 25% (54%) is predicted for sense charge densities ranging from 0.32 to 1.6 μC/cm2 at an equivalent oxide thickness of 2.0 nm (0.5 nm). The resonant frequency has a temperature sensitivity, df/dT, less than 0.025%/K for sense charge densities &gt;0.32 μC/cm2.
Pro Jakarta Commons (2004)

* Introducing Jakarta Commons: The Uncommon Commons * Using the Lang Component * Using the Logging Component * Using the Validator Component * Using the BeanUtils Component * Implementing Pooling * Using the Digester Component * Using Collections and Primitives * Using HttpClient and FileUpload * Using the Net Component * Using Other Commons Components