gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expressive Speech-Driven Lip Movements with Multitask Learning (2018)

The orofacial area conveys a range of information, including speech articulation and emotions. These two factors add constraints to the facial movements, creating non-trivial integrations and interplays. To generate more expressive and naturalistic movements for conversational agents (CAs) the relationship between these factors should be carefully modeled. Data-driven models are more appropriate for this task than rule-based systems. This paper provides two deep learning speech-driven structures to integrate speech articulation and emotional cues. The proposed approaches rely on multitask learning (MTL) strategies, where related secondary tasks are jointly solved when synthesizing orofacial movements. In particular, we evaluate emotion recognition and viseme recognition as secondary tasks. The approach creates shared representations that generate behaviors that not only are closer to the original orofacial movements, but also are perceived more natural than the results from single task learning.
The leader peptides of attenuation-regulated chloramphenicol resistance genes inhibit translational termination (1994)

Placing a translation stop codon at the ribosomal pause site in the leader of the attenuation-regulated cat-86 gene activates cat expression in the absence of the inducer, chloramphenicol. Genetic experiments have shown that this phenomenon depends on the amino acid sequence of the leader-encoded peptide and could readily be explained if the peptide was an inhibitor of translation termination. Here we demonstrate that the cat-86 leader pentapeptide is an in vitro inhibitor of translation termination in addition to its previously described antipeptidyltransferase activity.
Dynamics of electrowetting displays (1981)

In this paper we analyze the dynamics of a model electrowetting display (EWD) system, derive the operating parameters, and discuss the device performance. To discuss the problem we generalize the Washburn-Yarnold treatment for the motion of a liquid slug in a capillary tube. It is shown that EWD’s have both memory and voltage threshold, and thus intrinsic matrix addressability. These properties are intimately related to the frictional surface tension forces developed between the metal and the electrolyte. Finally we present a model voltage-driving scheme for matrix-addressable EWD’s.
Additionen an die aktivierte CC‐Dreifachbindung (1967)

Abstract An einigen Beispielen werden die Möglichkeiten für Additionen an die aktivierte CC‐Dreifachbindung behandelt. Die Additionen von Donatoren, die keinen aktiven Wasserstoff enthalten, werden allgemein über einen dipolaren Primärkomplex eingeleitet, der sich durch Umlagerungs‐, Cyclisierungs‐ und Additionsreaktionen stabilisieren kann. Präparative Aspekte dieser Reaktionen werden ebenfalls diskutiert. Es eröffnen sich Wege zur Gewinnung von Heterocyclen, insbesondere Pyrrol‐ und Thiophen‐Derivaten.
Strong Cancellation of RIN Transfer in a Raman-Assisted BOTDA Using Balanced Detection (2014)

Raman assistance is one of the most interesting routes toward extending the range of Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) systems. Unfortunately, the use of Raman amplification normally entails an important relative intensity noise (RIN) transfer toward the probe wave, which severely limits this approach. In this letter, we show that the RIN transfer problem can be effectively avoided using a slightly modified scheme comprising a dual-sideband modulated probe and balanced detection. Our measurements clearly indicate a nearly complete cancellation of the RIN noise in the detected trace signal. The use of balanced detection in our Raman-assisted BOTDA setup implies a fivefold increase in figure of merit compared with the same setup using conventional detection.
Elaboration Likelihood in Knowledge Management: A Model and Experimental Test (2008)

Understanding knowledge transfer using computer-mediated context is becoming essential given that organizations are spread more and more globally. In this paper, we adopt elaboration likelihood theory to investigate knowledge transfer processes in a knowledge management system (KMS). We report the results of an exploratory experiment conducted to examine the impact of argument quality, source credibility and validation on knowledge usefulness of a document in a KMS. Our findings indicate that while validation of knowledge in KMS positively affects perceptions of knowledge usefulness, higher argument quality was associated with lower usefulness ratings. Surprisingly, source credibility has no effect on perceptions of knowledge usefulness. The implications of these results for both researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Biallelic Expression of the H19 and IGF2 Genes in Human Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (1994)

Testicular germ cell tumors of adults may develop from precursor cells in which the imprinting has been either erased or subjected to a consistent relaxation of its effect.
Otto Roelen, Pioneer in Industrial Homogeneous Catalysis (1994)

Abstract Otto Roelen discovered the oxo synthesis (hydroformylation) in 1938, and despite all the problems created by the war years he was able to explore successfully the fundamental aspects related to its application up to the point of building the first plant. At the same time he laid the groundwork for industrial utilization of homogeneous organometallic catalysts. Almost simultaneously, his contemporary, Walter Hieber, was investigating the basic chemistry of the same catalysts, but with no knowledge whatsoever of their potential application. Hydroformylation today constitutes one of the most important industrial examples of a homogeneous catalytic process. For corrigendum see DOI: 10.1002/anie.199423481
Onshore Geologic Storage of CO <sub>2</sub> (2009)

The possibility that substantial quantities of CO2 can be injected into subsurface porous rock formations has been investigated sufficiently to show that pore space available to contain the CO2 is abundant. Multiple rock types and physical mechanisms can be used to trap the CO2 indefinitely. With careful site selection and operations, leakage to the near-surface region can be avoided. The next step is to test these injection processes at the scale of a large power plant.
The Efficacy of Recombinant Thrombopoietin in Murine and Nonhuman Primate Models for Radiation‐Induced Myelosuppression and Stem Cell Transplantation (1998)

Radiation-induced pancytopenia proved to be a suitable model system in mice and rhesus monkeys for studying thrombopoietin (TPO) target cell range and efficacy. TPO was highly effective in rhesus monkeys exposed to the mid-lethal dose of 5 Gy (300 kV x-rays) TBI, a model in which it alleviated thrombocytopenia, promoted red cell reconstitution, accelerated reconstitution of immature CD34+ bone marrow cells, and potentiated the response to growth factors such as GM-CSF and G-CSF. In contrast to the results in the 5 Gy TBI model, TPO was ineffective following transplantation of limited numbers of autologous bone marrow or highly purified stem cells in monkeys conditioned with 8 Gy TBI. In the 5 Gy model, a single dose of TPO augmented by GM-CSF 24 h after TBI was effective in preventing thrombocytopenia. The strong erythropoietic stimulation may result in iron depletion, and TPO treatment should be accompanied by monitoring of iron status. This preclinical evaluation thus identified TPO as a potential major therapeutic agent for counteracting radiation-induced pancytopenia and demonstrated pronounced stimulatory effects on the reconstitution of immature CD34+ hemopoietic cells with multilineage potential. The latter observation explains the potentiation of the hematopoietic responses to G-CSF and GM-CSF when administered concomitantly. It also predicts the effective use of TPO to accelerate reconstitution of immature hematopoietic cells as well as possible synergistic effects in vivo with various other growth factors acting on immature stem cells and their direct lineage-committed progeny. The finding that a single dose of TPO might be sufficient for a clinically significant response emphasizes its potency and is of practical relevance. The heterogeneity of the TPO response encountered in the various models used for evaluation points to multiple mechanisms operating on the TPO response and heterogeneity of its target cells. Mechanistic mouse studies made apparent that the response of multilineage cells shortly after TBI to a single administration of TPO is quantitatively more important for optimal efficacy than the lineage-restricted response obtained at later intervals after TBI and emphasized the importance of a relatively high dose of TPO to overcome initial c-mpl-mediated clearance. Further elucidation of mechanisms determining efficacy might very well result in a further improvement, e.g., following transplantation of limited numbers of stem cells. Adverse effects of TPO administration to myelosuppressed or stem cell transplanted experimental animals were not observed.
Living Beyond Our Physiological Means (2009)

Regardless of the etiology, we emphasize that small vessel disease is a systemic condition with major healthcare consequences, requiring a new paradigm in the way we practice medicine. Because this condition can be decelerated by control of vascular risk factors, doing so may significantly reduce morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
Triple-mesa Avalanche Photodiode With Inverted P-Down Structure for Reliability and Stability (2014)

A 25-Gbit/s avalanche photodiode (APD) using an inverted p-down structure and triple-mesa structure for eliminating an edge breakdown and reducing an electric field at a surface of the device is proposed and examined. Active area dependence of dark current and activation energy as small as 0.17 eV strongly suggest that the surface leakage current is negligible, and the edge breakdown does not occur. As for RF characteristics, sufficient 3-dB bandwidth of 18 GHz for 25-Gbit/s operation is obtained. We experimentally find that our triple-mesa inverted structure successfully eliminates the possible components which affect the reliability and stability of the APDs.
Detection of Residues of Genetically Modified Soybeans in Breaded Fried Turkey Cutlets (2000)

ABSTRACT The presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food products is usually ascertained by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or nested PCR if sensitivity has to be increased. Since most, if not all, GMO products are of plant origin, the target sequences are the 35S promoter or NOS terminator. The extreme sensitivity of nested PCR can be misleading if the results are not interpreted correctly, since contamination of non‐GMO products with residual amounts of GMO may be positive. We report that breaded turkey breast cutlets labeled as containing GMO soybean products were actually prepared from wheat flour that had been contaminated with transgenic soybean.
Decoy ACE2-expressing extracellular vesicles that competitively bind SARS-CoV-2 as a possible COVID-19 therapy (2020)

The novel strain of coronavirus that appeared in 2019, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent of severe respiratory disease, COVID-19, and the ongoing pandemic. As for SARS-CoV that caused the SARS 2003 epidemic, the receptor on host cells that promotes uptake, through attachment of the spike (S) protein of the virus, is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In a recent article published by Batlle et al. (Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2020) 134, 543-545) it was suggested that soluble recombinant ACE2 could be used as a novel biological therapeutic to intercept the virus, limiting the progression of infection and reducing lung injury. Another way, discussed here, to capture SARS-CoV-2, as an adjunct or alternative, would be to use ACE2+-small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). A competitive inhibition therapy could therefore be developed, using sEVs from engineered mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), overexpressing ACE2.
Shaping the etiology of the Stockholm Syndrome: Hypothesis of the Induced Mental Model (2000)

healthcare administrative databases are a valuable tool to assess the frequency of multimorbidity and its impact on healthcare resources. Patients belonging to the four common patterns of multimorbidity identified in this study explained a high proportion of multimorbidity prevalence and healthcare resources use.
Development of a Sampling and Analysis Method for 4‐Vinyl‐1‐cyclohexene in Air (2008)

The purpose of this research was to develop an applicable sampling and analytical method to determine airborne 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene concentrations which are usually found in the atmosphere of polybutadiene factories. A solid sorbent tube, containing two sections (100 mg in the front and 50 mg in the back) of activated coconut-shell charcoal was chosen for sampling 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene vapor. The 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene in the charcoal samples was desorbed with carbon disulfide and analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The suitable air flow rate, adsorption capacity, sample storage stability, desorption efficiency and reliability of the method for sampling and analysis of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene were evaluated. The method was applied to sampling and analysis of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene in the rubber industry. The results indicated a suitable air flow rate of 0.3 to 1.5 l/min. The adsorption capacity of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene on 100 mg of charcoal was 0.2134 mg. The 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene adsorbed on the charcoal was stable for 7 d at room temperature or 21 d in a refrigerated condition. The average percent desorption efficiency of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene ranged from 90.45% to 97.04% with the loaded amount ranging from 0.412 to 8.250 microg using 1 ml carbon disulfide. The limit of detection of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene was 0.044 ng. The average percent recoveries (n=6) of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene adsorbed on charcoal ranging from 0.46 to 8.87 microg were 96.78-102.87% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.34-1.92%, respectively. The concentrations of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene ranged from 0.011 to 0.105 mg/m(3) in the working environment of a polybutadiene factory.
Modality and Negation: An Introduction to the Special Issue (2012)

Traditionally, most research in NLP has focused on propositional aspects of meaning. To truly understand language, however, extra-propositional aspects are equally important. Modality and negation typically contribute significantly to these extra-propositional meaning aspects. Although modality and negation have often been neglected by mainstream computational linguistics, interest has grown in recent years, as evidenced by several annotation projects dedicated to these phenomena. Researchers have started to work on modeling factuality, belief and certainty, detecting speculative sentences and hedging, identifying contradictions, and determining the scope of expressions of modality and negation. In this article, we will provide an overview of how modality and negation have been modeled in computational linguistics.
Augmented reality haptics: using ARToolKit for display of haptic applications (2004)

This paper described the integration of the ARToolKit with the Reachin Core Technology API. The result is a system capable of providing a coherent mix of real world video, computer haptics and computer graphics. A key feature is that new applications can be rapidly developed. Ultimately, this system is used to support rich object based collaboration between face-to-face and remote participants.
Development of a Suction Detection System for Axial Blood Pumps (2004)

Axial flow blood pumps for cardiac assistance have proven their clinical viability and benefit in recent years. However, the clinical systems to date have no direct mechanism to decrease pump speed when adequate supply is not available. This may lead to ventricular collapse or increase the probability of hemolysis and thrombotic risks. Based on various experiences with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients in various states of recovery, at implant, in the intensive care unit, in the standard ward, and during physical exercise, 11 different algorithms were developed for the automatic detection of ventricular suction. These detection algorithms analyze the flow pattern for the presence of distinct suction indicators. For selection and optimization of the algorithms, 1000 records from approximately 100 patients were collected. Each record contains 5 s of pump flow, current, and arterial pressure. Three experts classified these records in terms of suction probability and other abnormalities. The optimization was developed in Matlab, capable of solving a fifth-dimensional optimization problem with 256 different algorithm combinations. The optimization resulted in a set of 6 algorithms, each with specific thresholds. The system detects 100% of the known suction events with 0.28% of false-positive interpretations. If tuned to avoid any false-positive detection, 90.7% of the certain events would be detected. A strategy for the development of a robust suction detection system for axial blood pumps was found. This system will be integrated into an automatic pump speed control system to provide adequate perfusion for the LVAD recipient, without excessive unloading of the ventricle.
Enhanced sensitivity to Botulinum type A neurotoxin of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells after differentiation into mature neuronal cells (2011)

Research on more sensitive cell based assays is essential to assess neutralising activities of Botulinum neurotoxins antibodies. A reproducible and robust differentiation protocol was applied on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells generating neuronal cultures stable for 2?3 weeks. The presence of specific neuronal markers was assessed with labelled antibodies. Accurate and reproducible noradrenaline release levels were obtained which were significantly higher in differentiated cells and correlated with vesicle turnover assessments. The suitability of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells for detecting low levels of Botulinum type A and for toxin neutralisation assay was evidenced using functional end points relevant to Botulinum neurotoxicity.
Normoxic Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Photoreceptors Provides Transient Protection against Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration (2011)

Artificial activation of HIF transcription factors in normoxic photoreceptors results in an increased basal expression of Fgf2 that may contribute to a transient protection of rods against light damage. Full photoreceptor protection may require a hypoxia-like response in additional retinal cell types and/or the differential regulation of additional mechanisms.
Optimal sequencing and arrangement in distributed single-level tree networks with communication delays (1994)

The problem of obtaining optimal processing time in a distributed computing system consisting of (N+1) processors and N communication links, arranged in a single-level tree architecture, is considered. It is shown that optimality can be achieved through a hierarchy of steps involving optimal load distribution, load sequencing, and processor-link arrangement. Closed-form expressions for optimal processing time is derived for a general case of networks with different processor speeds and different communication link speeds. Using these closed-form expressions, the paper analytically proves a number of significant results that in earlier studies were only conjectured from computational results. In addition, it also extends these results to a more general framework. The above analysis is carried out for the cases in which the root processor may or may not be equipped with a front-end processor. Illustrative examples are given for all cases considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Functional and Structural Comparison of Pyrrolnitrin- and Iprodione-Induced Modifications in the Class III Histidine-Kinase Bos1 of Botrytis cinerea (2012)

Dicarboximides and phenylpyrroles are commonly used fungicides against plant pathogenic ascomycetes. Although their effect on fungal osmosensing systems has been shown in many studies, their modes-of-action still remain unclear. Laboratory- or field-mutants of fungi resistant to either or both fungicide categories generally harbour point mutations in the sensor histidine kinase of the osmotic signal transduction cascade.In the present study we compared the mechanisms of resistance to the dicarboximide iprodione and to pyrrolnitrin, a structural analogue of phenylpyrrole fungicides, in Botrytis cinerea. Pyrrolnitrin-induced mutants and iprodione-induced mutants of B. cinerea were produced in vitro. For the pyrrolnitrin-induced mutants, a high level of resistance to pyrrolnitrin was associated with a high level of resistance to iprodione. For the iprodione-induced mutants, the high level of resistance to iprodione generated variable levels of resistance to pyrrolnitrin and phenylpyrroles. All selected mutants showed hypersensitivity to high osmolarity and regardless of their resistance levels to phenylpyrroles, they showed strongly reduced fitness parameters (sporulation, mycelial growth, aggressiveness on plants) compared to the parental phenotypes. Most of the mutants presented modifications in the osmosensing class III histidine kinase affecting the HAMP domains. Site directed mutagenesis of the bos1 gene was applied to validate eight of the identified mutations. Structure modelling of the HAMP domains revealed that the replacements of hydrophobic residues within the HAMP domains generally affected their helical structure, probably abolishing signal transduction. Comparing mutant phenotypes to the HAMP structures, our study suggests that mutations perturbing helical structures of HAMP2-4 abolish signal-transduction leading to loss-of-function phenotype. The mutation of residues E529, M427, and T581, without consequences on HAMP structure, highlighted their involvement in signal transduction. E529 and M427 seem to be principally involved in osmotic signal transduction.
Effect of Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake and Dietary Forage Content on the Rumen Microbial Community of Beef Cattle (2012)

Feed-efficient animals have lower production costs and reduced environmental impact. Given that rumen microbial fermentation plays a pivotal role in host nutrition, the premise that rumen microbiota may contribute to host feed efficiency is gaining momentum. Since diet is a major factor in determining rumen community structure and fermentation patterns, we investigated the effect of divergence in phenotypic residual feed intake (RFI) on ruminal community structure of beef cattle across two contrasting diets. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to profile the rumen bacterial population and to quantify the ruminal populations of Entodinium spp., protozoa, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Ruminococcus albus, Prevotella brevis, the genus Prevotella, and fungi in 14 low (efficient)- and 14 high (inefficient)-RFI animals offered a low-energy, high-forage diet, followed by a high-energy, low-forage diet. Canonical correspondence and Spearman correlation analyses were used to investigate associations between physiological variables and rumen microbial structure and specific microbial populations, respectively. The effect of RFI on bacterial profiles was influenced by diet, with the association between RFI group and PCR-DGGE profiles stronger for the higher forage diet. qPCR showed that Prevotella abundance was higher (P < 0.0001) in inefficient animals. A higher (P < 0.0001) abundance of Entodinium and Prevotella spp. and a lower (P < 0.0001) abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes were observed when animals were offered the low-forage diet. Thus, differences in the ruminal microflora may contribute to host feed efficiency, although this effect may also be modulated by the diet offered.