gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LPS Sensitizes TRPV1 via Activation of TLR4 in Trigeminal Sensory Neurons (2011)

Recent studies have demonstrated that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor (TLR4) is expressed in TRPV1 containing trigeminal sensory neurons. In this study, we evaluated whether LPS activates trigeminal neurons, and sensitizes TRPV1 responses via TLR4. To test this novel hypothesis, we first demonstrated that LPS binds to receptors in trigeminal neurons using competitive binding. Second, we demonstrated that LPS evoked a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular calcium accumulation (Ca(2+))(i) and inward currents. Third, LPS significantly sensitized TRPV1 to capsaicin measured by (Ca(2+))(i), release of calcitonin gene-related peptide, and inward currents. Importantly, a selective TLR4 antagonist blocked these effects. Analysis of these data, collectively, demonstrates that LPS is capable of directly activating trigeminal neurons, and sensitizing TRPV1 via a TLR4-mediated mechanism. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that trigeminal neurons are capable of detecting pathogenic bacterial components leading to sensitization of TRPV1, possibly contributing to the inflammatory pain often observed in bacterial infections.
A phase I-II trial of <i>Ispinesib</i>, a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor, dosed every two weeks in patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer previously untreated with chemotherapy for metastatic disease or recurrence. (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2148 Kinesin Spindle Protein (KSP) is a mitotic kinesin essential for cell cycle progression. Ispinesib, a selective KSP inhibitor, blocks mitotic spindle assembly with cell cycle arrest in mitosis and subsequent cell death. When dosed on a q21d schedule, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 18mg/m2 and neutropenia was the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), with nadir at 7-10 d and recovery by d15. Activity was observed in a Phase II trial of ispinesib dosed at 18 mg/m2 q21d in patients (pts) with locally-advanced (LA) or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after anthracycline and taxane failure (response rate 4/45 [9%]). This trial evaluates safety and efficacy of ispinesib in LA or MBC, given on d1 and d15 q28d, thus increasing dose density.&#x2028; Methods: This is a multicenter Phase I-II trial. In Phase I, DLT and MTD of ispinesib given d1 and d15 q28d will be determined. Eligibility criteria: LA or MBC; no prior chemotherapy (CT) except neoadjuvant or adjuvant and ≥ 1 year elapsed since CT; no CNS or leptomeningeal metastases; ECOG 0-1. This is a standard 3+3 dose escalation trial design, starting at 10 mg/m2 and escalating based on tolerability in Cycle 1. Pharmacokinetic data are collected on d1 and d15 of Cycle 1. Phase II of this trial will evaluate efficacy (response rate by RECIST) of ispinesib at the MTD.&#x2028; Results: Phase I of the trial is ongoing. To date, 13 pts have been treated at 3 dose levels: 10 (n=2; 2 cycles, n=1; 6 cycles), 12 (n=1; 1 cycle, n=2; 3 cycles) and 14 mg/m2 (n=7; Cycle 1 ongoing). Among the first 6 pts, 4 were Stage IV, 3 had prior neoadjuvant and 2 adjuvant CT; 2 were chemo-naïve. Four had prior anthracycline and 3 prior taxane. Biomarker status was ER+, PR+, HER2- (n=3), ER+, PR-, HER2- (n=1), ER-, PR-, HER2+ (n=3), ER-, PR-, HER2- (n=4), and unknown (n=2). Mean age was 55 yr; for the first 2 dose levels (n=6 pts), the most frequent toxicity was neutropenia (n=4). Other events included mild GI toxicity. No neuropathy or alopecia has been reported. The only grade 3 or 4 toxicity was neutropenia (n=2). At the 14 mg/m2 dose level, one DLT has been reported: a grade 3 transaminase (AST) elevation in a patient with liver metastases which resolved with a dose delay of 4 days. As a result, this cohort was expanded to include 6 evaluable pts. One additional patient at the 14mg/m2 dose had a dose delay of 5 days due to non-DLT neutropenia.&#x2028; Conclusions: Ispinesib appears to be well tolerated on a q2w dosing schedule at doses tested to date. A dose-density equal to that administered in the prior Phase II trial (0.86 mg/m2/day) was tolerated with the new q2w schedule. Dose escalation is ongoing. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2148.
Catadioptric Magnifiers (1980)

We describe the basic principle and geometry of certain simple catadioptric magnifiers which have been designed and fabricated. These magnifiers are made of spherical reflecting surfaces of moderate curvature and they are capable of producing visual magnifications of sixteen to twenty times with reasonable eye relief. They are useful for reading microfiche having nominal frame sizes of 16 mm x 12 mm and 12 mm x 9 mm.
Accelerating skin wound healing by M-CSF through generating SSEA-1 and -3 stem cells in the injured sites (2016)

Wound healing is a complicated process requiring the collaborative efforts of different cell lineages. Our recent studies have found that one subset of hematopoietic cells can be induced to dedifferentiate into multipotent stem cells by means of a proliferating fibroblast releasable factor, M-CSF. Understanding the importance of stem cells on skin wound healing, here we evaluate the biological significance of M-CSF on skin wound healing. In an in vivo mouse skin excisional wound model, we found that SSEA-positive stem cells were present in wounded but not normal skin. After isolating skin cells from either normal or wounded skin by collagenase digestion, and analyzing the SSEA-1 positive cells by flow cytometry, we found a significant increase in the number of SSEA-1 positive cells in wounded skin. Topical application of M-CSF in skin wounds accelerated healing remarkably, while application of M-CSF-neutralizing antibody slowed wound healing. Furthermore, injection of EGFP-labeled hematopoietic cell-derived stem cells generated from M-CSF treated splenocytes resulted in EGFP-labeled cells being enriched in the skin wound site and further differentiated into functional organ-specific cells. Together, these data demonstrated that M-CSF makes a significant contribution to the healing process by inducing hematopoietic cell dedifferentiation into stem cells.
Spatial Atomic Layer Deposition of Zinc Oxide Thin Films (2011)

Zinc oxide thin films have been deposited at high growth rates (up to ~1 nm/s) by spatial atomic layer deposition technique at atmospheric pressure. Water has been used as oxidant for diethylzinc (DEZ) at deposition temperatures between 75 and 250 °C. The electrical, structural (crystallinity and morphology), and optical properties of the films have been analyzed by using Hall, four-point probe, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, spectrophotometry, and photoluminescence, respectively. All the films have c-axis (100) preferential orientation, good crystalline quality and high transparency (∼ 85%) in the visible range. By varying the DEZ partial pressure, the electrical properties of ZnO can be controlled, ranging from heavily n-type conductive (with 4 mOhm.cm resistivity for 250 nm thickness) to insulating. Combining the high deposition rates with a precise control of functional properties (i.e., conductivity and transparency) of the films, the industrially scalable spatial ALD technique can become a disruptive manufacturing method for the ZnO-based industry.
Laser system composed of several active elements connected by single-mode couplers (1994)

A method for coherent addition of the power of separate waveguide laser components by cascade connection of single-mode couplers is proposed. An experimental study is described of a laser system formed by two Nd3+-activated fibre lasers connected by X-type single-mode couplers. The efficiency of such radiation power addition is reported to be 95%.
Bioprinting-Based PDLSC-ECM Screening for in Vivo Repair of Alveolar Bone Defect Using Cell-Laden, Injectable and Photocrosslinkable Hydrogels (2017)

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease worldwide that may result in periodontal defect (especially alveolar bone defect) and even tooth loss. Stem-cell-based approach combined with injectable hydrogels has been proposed as a promising strategy in periodontal treatments. Stem cells fate closely depends on their extracellular matrix (ECM) characteristics. Hence, it is necessary to engineer an appropriate injectable hydrogel to deliver stem cells into the defect while serving as the ECM during healing. Therefore, stem cell-ECM interaction should be studied for better stem cell transplantation. In this study, we developed a bioprinting-based strategy to study stem cell-ECM interaction and thus screen an appropriate ECM for in vivo repair of alveolar bone defect. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were encapsulated in injectable, photocrosslinkable composite hydrogels composed of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDA). PDLSC-laden GelMA/PEGDA hydrogels with varying composition were efficiently fabricated via a 3D bioprinting platform by controlling the volume ratio of GelMA-to-PEGDA. PDLSC behavior and fate were found to be closely related to the engineered ECM composition. The 4/1 GelMA/PEGDA composite hydrogel was selected since the best performance in osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Finally, in vivo study indicated a maximal and robust new bone formation in the defects treated with the PDLSC-laden hydrogel with optimized composition as compared to the hydrogel alone and the saline ones. The developed approach would be useful for studying cell-ECM interaction in 3D and paving the way for regeneration of functional tissue.
A new insight into the histogenesis of ‘mesodermomas’—malignant mesotheliomas (1991)

A myogenic phenotype was induced in cultures of human mesothelial cells treated for 72 h with atrazine, a triazine derivative. Immunoreactivity for both myosin and myoglobin was detected in a large number of these cells, irrespective of their polygonal or spindle morphology, whereas no expression of desmin was observed. These findings support the embryological identity of mesothelium and mesoderm, the former being, in the post-embryonic stage, potentially capable of differentiation along the same lineages which the latter normally displays during embryogenesis. In the light of this concept it can be assumed that primary malignancies arising from the mesothelium have the competence to express the pluripotent nature of embryonic mesoderm, and hence the term mesodermoma is appropriate for this group of tumours, including mesotheliomas in a classical sense. A postulated mechanism for the phenotypic change of mesothelial cells is also outlined, involving atrazine conversion to 5-aza-chloro-cytidine, a probable DNA hypomethylating and gene activating agent, like its analogue 5-azacytidine.
A PROBE-Based Heuristic for Graph Partitioning (2007)

A new heuristic algorithm, PROBE_BA, which is based on the recently introduced metaheuristic paradigm population- reinforced optimization-based exploration (PROBE), is proposed for solving the Graph Partitioning Problem. The "exploration" part of PROBE_BA is implemented by using the differential-greedy algorithm of Battiti and Bertossi and a modification of the Kernighan-Lin algorithm at the heart of Bui and Moon's genetic algorithm BFS _GBA. Experiments are used to investigate properties of PROBE and show that PROBE_BA compares favorably with other solution methods based on genetic algorithms, randomized reactive tabu search, or more specialized multilevel partitioning techniques. In addition, PROBE_BA finds new best cut values for 10 of the 34 instances in Walshaw's graph partitioning archive.
A single amino acid change makes the peptide specificity of B*3910 unrelated to B*3901 and closer to a group of HLA‐B proteins including the malaria‐protecting allotype HLA‐B53 (1998)

HLA-B*3910, which has only been found in African and African American individuals, differs from B*3901 by the single amino acid change of Cys67 to Tyr67. Sequence analysis of the B*3910-bound peptide pool and of several individual ligands revealed that this subtype has strong preference for peptides with Pro2. This is in contrast with the preference of B*3901 for peptides with basic residues (Arg and His) at this position, and indicates that the single amino acid substitution between B*3910 and B*3901 totally changes the repertoire of bound peptides. This is presumably due to the significant decrease in the size of the B pocket, and to its increased hydrophobicity, since Tyr67 takes part in this pocket. B*3910 is similar to various other class I proteins in its preference for peptides with Pro2 and nonpolar C-terminal residues, including HLA-B53, an antigen associated with protection against severe malaria. The role of these two motifs as major peptidic anchors suggests that B*3910 and HLA-B53 may bind common peptides.
Encrypting LDPC-Codec (2006)

The presented LDPC-codec has no encrypting function since its rediscovering, and the presented encrypting for signal transmission needs additional algorithm and program, which leads the great time delay for the signal receiving. This paper reveals that LDPC-codec itself can have the desired encrypting faction if adopting our processing approach for the generator matrices of transmitters and parity matrices of receivers, without additional and special encrypting program. Because the proposed encrypting is at the level of channel coding, it is difficult for illegal users to filch the transmitted data in wireless channel. The encrypting scheme lets encrypted parity-check matrix of LDPC codec and encrypted outer interleavers as secret keys for legal users. Since it based LDPC, the system has the performance of anti-jamming, and the presented encrypting schemes have no such function. The simulation verified the effect of encryption and the validity of the presented approach of the paper
Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor NS-398 Improves Survival and Restores Leukocyte Counts in Burn Infection (1998)

Inhibition of the COX-2 isoform of cyclooxygenase with NS-398 inhibited macrophage PGE2 production, restored ANC, and improved survival during burn infection. NS-398, therefore, has potential therapeutic benefits in septic patients who have developed neutropenia.
Improved Gas Exchange Performance of the Intravascular Oxygenator by Active Blood Mixing (1994)

The intravascular oxygenator and carbon dioxide removal device (IVOX; CardioPulmonics, Salt Lake City, UT) has been shown to perform 30% of the gas exchange in animals and patients with acute respiratory failure. Among the factors that limit gas exchange is the mass transfer resistance in the blood phase. To determine if a reduction in mass transfer resistance by mixing venous blood can enhance the O2 transfer and CO2 removal by IVOX, a right atrium-pulmonary artery venovenous bypass circuit was used in sheep to model the adult vena cava. A size 9 IVOX (894 fibers with 0.41 m2 surface area, n = 5) was incorporated in the bypass circuit and the blood flow controlled by a roller pump ranging from 1 to 4 l/min. An intra-aortic balloon was placed near the shaft of the IVOX and pulsated at the rate adjusted to best improve CO2 removal (100-120 bpm). O2 transfer and CO2 removal were measured with balloon pulsation on and off at different flow rates. Results showed that blood mixing by pulsation of the balloon caused a 25-49% increase in O2 transfer by IVOX, and this increase remained relatively constant throughout the full flow range. CO2 removal was also increased by up to 35%, but at flows between 3.5 and 4 l/min, the effect of mixing was diminished. It is concluded that reduction in the mass transfer resistance by blood mixing improves gas exchange. Because O2 is more diffusion limited, it is more dependent upon mixing of blood for gas exchange than CO2. More design improvements to incorporate active mixing may further enhance the gas exchange performance of IVOX.
Primitive Social Norms in Present-Day Education (1927)

Journal Article Primitive Social Norms in Present-Day Education Get access Kimball Young Kimball Young Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 6, Issue 2, December 1927, Pages 197–201, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/6.2.197 Published: 01 December 1927
<i>Tbx1</i> haploinsufficiency is linked to behavioral disorders in mice and humans: Implications for 22q11 deletion syndrome (2006)

About 35% of patients with 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), which includes DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes, develops psychiatric disorders, mainly schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We previously reported that mice carrying a multigene deletion (Df1) that models 22q11DS have reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI), a behavioral abnormality and schizophrenia endophenotype. Impaired PPI is associated with several psychiatric disorders, including those that occur in 22q11DS, and recently, reduced PPI was reported in children with 22q11DS. Here, we have mapped PPI deficits in a panel of mouse mutants that carry deletions that partially overlap with Df1 and have defined a PPI critical region encompassing four genes. We then used single-gene mutants to identify the causative genes. We show that PPI deficits in Df1/+ mice are caused by haploinsufficiency of two genes, Tbx1 and Gnb1l. Mutation of either gene is sufficient to cause reduced PPI. Tbx1 is a transcription factor, the mutation of which is sufficient to cause most of the physical features of 22q11DS, but the gene had not been previously associated with the behavioral/psychiatric phenotype. A likely role for Tbx1 haploinsufficiency in psychiatric disease is further suggested by the identification of a family in which the phenotypic features of 22q11DS, including psychiatric disorders, segregate with an inactivating mutation of TBX1. One family member has Asperger syndrome, an autistic spectrum disorder that is associated with reduced PPI. Thus, Tbx1 and Gnb1l are strong candidates for psychiatric disease in 22q11DS patients and candidate susceptibility genes for psychiatric disease in the wider population.
Recursos intuitivos que favorecen la adición de fracciones: Estudio de caso (1997)

A traves de una amplia investigacion referida al lenguaje de las fracciones y el vinculo de este con los correspondientes conceptos, en el cuarto grado de primaria de una escuela publica aplicamos un cuestionario exploratorio mediante el cual pudimos reconocer algunas modalidades frecuentes de desempeno de los ninos. Uno de tales patrones es el que ahora estamos comunicando, atendiendo al esclarecimiento que puede promover a nivel de las propuestas y procesos didacticos comprometidos en el aula. Esa modalidad de desempeno (exhibida por varios miembros del grupo en estudio) se caracterizo por la facilidad con la que dichos alumnos podian resolver adecuadamente los problemas aditivos cuando estos eran expresados mediante un pictograma (en marcado contraste con las tareas en las que los mismos ninos fracasaban ya que debian abordar las situaciones aditivas desde tratamientos algoritmicos convencionales). El seguimiento realizado al respecto asumio la forma de un estudio de caso cuyo punto de partida lo constituyeron los resultados obtenidos en algunas tareas del cuestionario exploratorio. El instrumento primordial del estudio de caso se desarrollo a partir de la seleccion de la alumna que en el cuestionario presento de manera sistematica el perfil antedicho, quien fue entrevistada de modo individual. Complementariamente, tal estudio se enriquecio mediante la realizacion de algunas observaciones de clases (la cual nos proporciono informacion acerca de los modelos didacticos adoptados por la profesora a cargo del grupo escolar).
Optical Phase Modulation in an Injection Locked AlGaAs Semiconductor Laser (1982)

Optical phase modulation obtained by injecting coherent CW light into a directly frequency-modulated semiconductor laser is reported. Phase modulation at up to a 1 GHz modulation frequency has been obtained without compression for a 1.4 GHz half locking band-width. Phase deviation can be represented by the ratio of the original FM deviation to the locking half bandwidth. The phase deviation normalized by the frequency deviation is inversely proportional to the cutoff modulation frequency. A static phase shift of pi took place with a 0.48 mA drive current change in the injection locked laser. Reduction in FM noise by means of CW light injection and FM noise accumulation in cascaded injection locked laser amplifiers are discussed, together with the optimum design for an injection locked repeater system.
A Highly Implicit Steamflood Model (1978)

Abstract This paper describes a three-dimensional, highly implicit numerical model for simulating steamflooding with distillation or solution gas. The model uses direct solution to solve simultaneously three and four equations for the dead oil and two-component oil cases, respectively. The model is compared in stability and computing time with a model reported earlier. The paper includes comparative discussion of alternate steamflood model formulations, one of which we have adopted as a highly stable, isothermal, black-oil model formulation. Introduction A brief review of published descriptions of steamflood models is given in an earlier paper. That paper described a partially compositional, three-dimensional model that solves first a single-variable pressure equation, then two simultaneous saturation equations. In our experience with dead-oil steamflood problems, that model exhibits adequate stability in most cases and marginal stability in some cases. In some compositional problems, the formulation of that model leads to problems, the formulation of that model leads to deteriorating material balances for light hydrocarbon components. The model described here was developed to gain improved stability for all types of steamflood problems and to eliminate the material balance problems and to eliminate the material balance shortcoming of the earlier model formulation in compositional problems. This highly implicit, three-dimensional model treats oil as a two-component mixture to accommodate problems involving solution or inert gas or distillation. The model simultaneously solves three equations for the dead-oil case and four equations for the compositional case. Transmissibilities, capillary pressures, and production terms are treated pressures, and production terms are treated implicitly in saturations and composition; they also are treated implicitly in temperature in grid blocks where no free gas is present. The term "implicit" refers to evaluation of interblock flow terms and production rates at the new time level, n + 1. We have found insensitivity to explicit or implicit dating of molar densities and viscosities in these terms and therefore simply evaluate them explicitly. We evaluate relative permeabilities at time level n + 1 by the first-order permeabilities at time level n + 1 by the first-order approximation, which ignores second- and higher-order Taylor series terms . Temperature dependence of relative permeability, if present, is treated explicitly. We present the model equations, and describe the highly implicit formulation and method for solution. This model is compared with the earlier steamflood model in stability and efficiency through discussion and example field problems. MODEL DESCRIPTION BASIC EQUATIONS The model consists of five equations expressing conservation of energy, conservation of mass, and phase equilibrium. The mass conservation equations phase equilibrium. The mass conservation equations apply to water and to two hydrocarbon components. In finite-difference form, these equations are Energy Balance (1) Mass Balance on H2O (2) SPEJ P. 369
Predictive factors for successful sacral nerve stimulation in the treatment of faecal incontinence: a 10‐year cohort analysis (2007)

Variables have been identified that help to predict the outcome of SNS. The presence of an EAS defect should not preclude treatment.