gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The CoSpaces training system (2008)

The CoSpaces training system has been developed in order to organize the set of functions that work together towards the goals of training in the CoSpaces project. The system is realised around a set of principles that identify the fundamental aspects considered in its design, development and implementation, which are: dynamic training curriculum; reference training programmes; effective training implementation; methodology-based development; valuable marketing and communication; appropriate technological infrastructures; accountable training activities. System design is rooted on a well-established instructional system development model that allows the structured approach to system design in a way that is simple, reliable, supporting self-adjustment and applicable to a wide range of training needs. System governance is realised with the support of a knowledge model constructed to represent a key set of interrelated elements, allowing reasoning/inspection on training system knowledge on five key dimensions: input sources; training content; training curriculum; training programmes; and training execution.
Thiazolidinone congeners as central nervous system active agents. (1993)

3-(Benzylidene amino)-2-imino-4-thiazolidinones (IIa-c) synthesized by cyclization of substituted thiosemicarbazones (Ia-c) were converted into 2-amino-3-(substituted benzylamino)-4-thiazolidinones (IIIa-c), 2-imino-3-(alpha-aryl azo benzylidene) amino-4-thiazolidinones (IVa-f) and 2-(2-amino-4-oxo-3-thiazolidinyl)-3-aryl-4-isothiazolidinones (VIa-c), IVa-f were finally converted into 5-(arylamino methyl)-2-imino-3-(alpha-aryl azobenzylidene)-amino-4-thiazolidinones (Va-l). These compounds III, V and VI were evaluated for their monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activity in vitro and various CNS activities in vivo. Some of the compounds exhibited promising CNS activity.
Composition of Trace Alkaloids in Tobacco Leaf Lamina (1983)

Changes were investigated in trace alkaloid composition of MC-1 (bright) and Burley-21 (burley) leaf lamina during curing. Seventeen alkaloids were identified. The total level of trace alkaloids decreased by approximately 60% in both MC-1 (flue-cured) and Burley-21 (air-cured). Although the level of most alkaloids also decreased, 2,3´-bipyridyl and four nornicotine derivatives, i.e. N´-hexanoyl-, N´-octanoyl-, 1´-(6-hydroxyoctanoyl)- and 1´-(7-hydroxyoctanoyl)-nornicotine, increased during curing in both varieties. Differences in the trace alkaloid composition of cured leaf lamina among MC-1 (bright), Burley-21 (burley) and Basma (Orient) were also studied. In all varieties, N´-formylnornicotine, nicotyrine, anabasine and cotinine were present at high concentrations relative to the other trace alkaloids. The alkaloids which were present in a relatively high concentration in particular varieties, were as follows: MC-1; N´-formylanabasine, Burley-21; N´-hexanoyl- and N´-octanoyl-nornicotine, and Basma; cotinine and N´-formylanatabine.
The Biological Foundations of Language (1967)

The coming of language occurs at about the same age in every healthy child throughout the world, strongly supporting the concept that genetically determined processes of maturation, rather than environmental influences, underlie capacity for speech and verbal understanding. Dr. Lenneberg points out the implications of this concept for the therapeutic and educational approach to children with hearing or speech deficits.
Fat Metabolism in Higher Plants. XVII. Metabolism of Malonic Acid & Its α-Substituted Derivatives in Plants (1962)

It is now established that malonic acid is an im- portant metabolite of plants and other tissues.Malonyl-CoA4 is an intermediate in the synthesis of fatty acids by preparations from plants (1) and many other tissues (17).It has been known for some time that certain aromatic compounds of plants and moulds are synthesized by a more or less direct condensation of acetate units (14).Recent studies with molds indicate that malonyl-CoA is an intermediate in this process, acting in much the same way as it does in fatty acid synthesis to introduce acetate units into aromatic compounds (3, 11), and related cyclic com- pounds (3).This is presumptive evidence that the same process is involved in the synthesis of plant aro- matic compounds not derived from shikimic acid.Free malonic acid accumulates in many plants (2), while plant tissues and extracts convert labelled ma- Ionic acid to CO2 and Krebs cycle acids (4, 15,21).There is evidence that the dissimilation of malonate involves its conversion to the CoA derivative, followed by decarboxylation to acetyl-CoA and CO, (4,21).Decarboxylases of this type have been isolated from bacteria (8, 20) and from animal tissues (13).The carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to yield malonyl- CoA apparently is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids from C14-acetate by avocado preparations (1).A similar enzyme has been implicated in fatty acid synthesis by mammalian enzyme systems.However, the only mammalian acyl-CoA carboxylases which have been described in detail (10, 18) utilize acetyl- CoA at only 1/100 the rate of propionyl-CoA.Re- cently, we described an acyl-CoA carboxylase from wheat germ which was most active with acetyl-CoA (6,7).Other acyl-CoA compounds were also car- boxylated, the overall reaction being described in equation I.
Inner Loop Code Generation for Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Instruction Set Processors (2001)

Abstract: Reconfigurable instruction set processors can potentially reduce the power consumption of high performance multimedia applications by fusing the concept of a reconfigurable array with a programmable processor. In particular, VLIW processors with coarse-grained reconfigurable functional units are specially suited to low power multimedia applications. Code generation for this type of processors is a critical issue, since assembly programming is extremely difficult due to the complexity of the hardware. This paper describes a new code generation technique for this type of processors that optimizes execution speed. The technique, based on software pipelining, combines instruction creation and instruction scheduling in the same algorithm. In this manner, the code generation algorithm provides maximum utilization of resources by simultaneously using the fixed functional units and the processing elements inside the reconfigurable unit. 1
Induction of Ciliated Cells from Avian Embryonic Stem Cells Using Three-Dimensional Matrix (2009)

We have devised a simple three-dimensional (3D) tissue-culturing method to induce ciliogenesis from avian embryonic stem (ES) cells by using avian fertilized eggs. Unlike the previous reported techniques, this method does not require trypsinization, which would reduce the viability of the cells; it also does not require an air-liquid interface to induce ciliogenesis and to maintain the growth of the induced ciliated cells. ES cells seeded and attached on this collagen-coated chitosan 3D gel grew spontaneously and robustly. Following 2 weeks in culture with inhibition of embryoid body formation, cells with noticeable and vigorous beating cilia were observed. We measured the ciliary beat frequencies of these ES-differentiated ciliated cells for 40 days. These results were consistent with all reported measurements made for other species of ciliated cells, including human, from our previous study. These data imply that the cilia of these ES-derived ciliated cells, beating at their intrinsic basal autorhythmic rate, preserve the integrity of the regulatory mechanisms of ciliary beat frequency. In conclusion, we have shown that ES cells cultured in a 3D tissue-engineered scaffold is a promising approach for developing an in vitro cell model that closely mimics the in vivo ciliated cell natural milieu. This cell model can potentially be the source of ciliated cells for cell-based high-throughput screening and discovery of pulmonary drugs.
Influence of hypoxia and neoangiogenesis on the growth of pancreatic cancer. (2003)

As with other solid tumors, the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer is critically dependent on tumor angiogenesis. A major stimulus for a tumor's recruitment of additional blood vessels is cellular hypoxia, a condition which is especially pronounced in this neoplasm. Hypoxia induces transcriptional activation of genes that alter cellular metabolism and promote neoangiogenesis. Pancreatic cancer cells have demonstrated activation of such adaptive pathways even in the absence of hypoxia. A highly-angiogenic response in this neoplasm correlates with increased tumor growth, increased metastasis, and decreased survival. Pancreatic cancers expressing high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, a potent pro-angiogenic cytokine, also have a higher incidence of metastasis and poorer prognosis. Pancreatic cancer cells uniquely express receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor, indicating a role for an autocrine loop in tumor proliferation and invasion. Multiple experimental anti-angiogenic strategies, many of which target vascular endothelial growth factor, reduce pancreatic cancer growth, spread, and angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenic treatments for pancreatic cancer will likely be most effective when used as an integral part of a combination chemotherapeutic regimen.
The Effect of DDAVP Infusion on Thrombin Generation in Platelet-rich Plasma of von Willebrand Type 1 and in Mild Haemophilia A Patients (2000)

In von Willebrand disease (vWD) type 1 and mild haemophilia A patients we studied the effect of an infusion of DDAVP (0.3 microg/kg body weight) on thrombin generation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP). Baseline thrombin generation in PRP was diminished both in the haemophilia A and vWD patients. It was normal in vWD plasma when sufficient procoagulant phospholipids were present, either via adding phospholipid vesicles to PPP or via scrambling of the platelet membrane with ionomycin in PRP. In haemophilia A plasma, thrombin generation did not normalize by providing procoagulant phospholipids. Treatment with DDAVP temporarily restored thrombin generation in PRP to normal in both diseases. To investigate the individual roles of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and factor VIII, we also studied the effect of factor VIII infusion on thrombin generation in a severe haemophilia patient. It appears that at a fixed normal vWF concentration, <25% factor VIII is sufficient for normal thrombin generation in PRP. At a sufficient factor VIII concentration, however, thrombin generation is still lower than normal in vWD patients; approximately 40% of vWF is required for half-normal thrombin generation in PRP. It thus appears that vWF is also a clotting factor, in the sense that it is required for normal thrombin generation. This underlines the importance of the interaction between coagulation and the platelets in normal haemostasis. Thrombin generation in PRP appears to be a suitable test to reflect the combined function.
Radiological evaluation of marginal bone loss at tooth surfaces facing single Brånemark implants (1993)

A radiologic evaluation of marginal bone loss around single implants ad modum Brånemark and their adjacent teeth was performed: 58 adults with 71 fixtures were followed up to 3 years after crown installation. The following factors were considered: age, cause of tooth loss, vertical relation between fixture and teeth, distance between adjacent teeth, distance between fixture and natural tooth, jaw region. Specified distance were measured as well as marginal bone levels around fixtures and tooth surfaces in magnified standardized intraoral radiographs. The results show a loss of marginal bone support at tooth surfaces adjacent to inserted implants during the interval between preoperative examination and crown installation that exceeds the loss during subsequent years. The largest bone loss was observed when implants were placed next to lateral upper incisors. A strong correlation was found between bone loss at adjacent teeth and the horizontal distance fixture-tooth. With decreasing distance the bone loss increased, especially in the upper incisor region. At present it seems difficult to predict which individual or individual condition may have a higher risk for bone loss, due to large intra- and interindividual variation.
NEAR CRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE FRACTIONATION OF CRUDE OIL I: DEPENDENCE OF THE MOLECULAR UEIGHT OF THE FRACTIONS ON THE PRESSURE USED. (1989)

ABSTRACT A method is described for fractionation of crude oil using carbon dioxide near critical fluid conditions. The number average molecular weight of the fractions of the extracted hydrocarbons from crude oils differed markedly from those original oil. At 308.15K as the pressure increased from 96 bar to 115bar the molecular weights of the fractions increased from 210 to 414 g.mol.
Lost Shopping! Monocular Localization in Large Indoor Spaces (2015)

In this paper we propose a novel approach to localization in very large indoor spaces (i.e., 200+ store shopping malls) that takes a single image and a floor plan of the environment as input. We formulate the localization problem as inference in a Markov random field, which jointly reasons about text detection (localizing shop's names in the image with precise bounding boxes), shop facade segmentation, as well as camera's rotation and translation within the entire shopping mall. The power of our approach is that it does not use any prior information about appearance and instead exploits text detections corresponding to the shop names. This makes our method applicable to a variety of domains and robust to store appearance variation across countries, seasons, and illumination conditions. We demonstrate the performance of our approach in a new dataset we collected of two very large shopping malls, and show the power of holistic reasoning.
Metal-adhesive bonded systems: Adhesion measurement using a three point flexure test (1987)

Single metallic adherend-adhesive bonded specimens are subjected to a three point flexure test in order to investigate the effects of adherend surface conditioning and adhesive curing conditions on the mechanical properties of the substrate-adhesive interfacial region. The main advantage of this test over more conventional ones (i.e. peel, tensile, shear tests) is to induce stress concentration which is responsible for a failure locus within the interfacial region and consequently its ability to provide data representative of practical adhesion in an adhering system. The results obtained are shown to be independent of adherend thickness, adhesive layer thickness, width of the bonded area and displacement speed used during testing. Data presented here are relative to Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy/epoxy systems. They demonstrate the high sensitivity of the flexure test to the effects of prebonding treatments (chemical etching, anodization) and of adhesive curing conditions on practical adhesion.
Effects of Sho-saiko-to on hepatocarcinogenesis and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation (2002)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Although Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9), a Japanese herbal medicine which has been recently administered to patients with chronic liver disease in Japan, prevents hepatocarcinogenesis, the mechanism by which TJ-9 protects against cancer development is not fully understood. 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a DNA adduct by reactive oxygen species, is known as a parameter of genetic risk for hepatocarcinogenesis. To clarify whether the preventive effect on hepatocarcinogenesis by TJ-9 is dependent on 8-OHdG, the effect on 8-OHdG levels by TJ-9 was examined by using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis model of male Fisher rats. TJ-9 reduced the number of preneoplastic cells, detected as the glutathione S transferase P (GST-P)-positive hepatocytes, and inhibited the development of liver tumors. TJ-9 also significantly decreased the formation of 8-OHdG, as indicated by LC-MS and immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells were not altered. An electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trapping technique showed that TJ-9 scavenges hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that TJ-9 prevents hepatocarcinogenesis in association with inhibition of 8-OHdG formation.
PROBLEMS OF THE STATISTICAL THEORY OF RADAR (1964)

This book is a monograph on the statistical theory of radar. It consists of two volumes. In the first volume the basic problems of the theory of detection are expounded, in the second--the problems of radar measurements and sev eral problems on target resolution. Methods for analysis and synthesis of radar systems are treated, as are many results and rules obtained by these methods. The book is designed for teachers and those acquainted with the basic aspects of the theories of probability and the theories of random processes. The necessary information from the theory of statistical resolution is given in the book. The book is intended for scientific workers and engineers, those concerned with radar problems, and also for post-graduate students and students of corresponding specialities.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel 5-Fluoro-2‘-deoxyuridine Phosphoramidate Prodrugs (2000)

A series of novel haloethyl and piperidyl phosphoramidate FdUMP prodrug analogues has been synthesized, and the growth inhibitory activity of these compounds has been evaluated against L1210 mouse leukemia cells. All compounds exhibited potent inhibition of L1210 cell proliferation with IC(50) values in the nanomolar range. Growth inhibition was reversed by the addition of 5 microM thymidine, suggesting a mechanism of action involving the intracellular release of FdUMP. (31)P NMR studies carried out on model haloethyl phosphoramidates confirm the release of nucleotide via cyclization of the phosphoramidate anion to the aziridinium ion intermediate followed by hydrolysis of the P-N bond. The data suggests that <50% of the prodrug is converted to FdUMP intracellularly by this pathway. Piperidyl phosphoramidate analogues are also converted to nucleotide intracellularly, presumably by the action of an endogenous phosphoramidase.
Mathematical formulation and type curves for induced polarization (1959)

Abstract A basic mathematical formulation is developed for overvoltage and other induced polarization phenomena. Starting from the fundamental representation of a volume dipolar distribution, one is led to the concept of a change in apparent conductivity due to polarization effects. The mathematical solution of induced polarization phenomena, therefore, reduces to the appropriate solution of Laplace's equation for the same geometry and conductivity distribution ignoring polarization, followed by partial differentiation of the apparent resistivity function so determined. The dielectric constants of the media are not involved in the solution. As examples of the use of the representation, the response of a polarizable sphere and of a polarizable lower layer in a typical two-layer case are presented. Actual field results are shown illustrating the use of the latter solution.
Web-based intelligent surveillance system for detection of criminal activities (2001)

Conventional security surveillance systems require the constant attention of security personnel, who monitor several locations concurrently. With the declining cost of computing power and widespread acceptance of the Internet as a viable communication medium, a low-cost and effective Web-based surveillance system becomes an attractive alternative to conventional systems. The article describes the technological issues involved in implementing such a Web-based system.
Synthesis and Characterization of Barium Lanthanum Titanates (1991)

Ternary compounds in the system BaO—TiO 2 —La 2 O 3 were prepared by the solid‐state reaction technique at temperatures between 1300° and 1400°C using precursor oxides as the starting materials. In an alternative processing technique, BaTiO 3 was reacted with appropriate proportions of prefabricated lanthanum titanates at 1350°C to obtain the compounds. Two compounds were identified in the TiO 2 ‐rich region of the system. The X‐ray powder diffraction pattern of a compound with a chemical composition BaLa 2 Ti 3 O 10 (BaO·La 2 O 3 ·3TiO 2 ) is indexed on the basis of an orthorhombic unit cell with a = 7.665 × 10 −1 nm, b = 28.524 × 10 −1 nm, and c = 3.876 × 10 −1 nm. The other compound, which has a chemical composition Ba 4 La 8 Ti 17 O 50 (BaO·La 2 O 3 ·4.25TiO 2 ) occurs in a narrow homogeneity range within the system. The X‐ray powder diffraction pattern of the compound is indexed on the basis of an orthorhombic unit cell with a = 12.317 × 10 −1 nm, b = 22.394 × 10 −1 nm, and c = 3.881 × 10 −1 nm. Both the compounds are compatible with BaTiO 3 and form pseudobinary joins with BaTiO 3 in the system BaO—TiO 2 —La 2 O 3 .
Real-time Emotion Recognition - Novel Method for Geometrical Facial Features Extraction (2014)

Facial emotions provide an essential source of information commonly used in human communication. For humans, their recognition is automatic and is done exploiting the real-time variations of facial features. However, the replication of this natural process using computer vision systems is still a challenge, since automation and real-time system requirements are compromised in order to achieve an accurate emotion detection. In this work, we propose and validate a novel methodology for facial features extraction to automatically recognize facial emotions, achieving an accurate degree of detection. This methodology uses a real-time face tracker output to define and extract two new types of features: eccentricity and linear features. Then, the features are used to train a machine learning classifier. As result, we obtain a processing pipeline that allows classification of the six basic Ekman's emotions (plus Contemptuous and Neutral) in real-time, not requiring any manual intervention or prior information of facial traits.
Amine‐Functionalized Porous Polymer Network for Highly Selective Absorption of CO<sub>2</sub> Over N<sub>2</sub> (2014)

Porous polymeric sorbents showing selective CO 2 absorption over N 2 are prepared by conventional radical copolymerization of divinylbenzene and 4‐vinylbenzyl chloride under solvothermal conditions, followed by surface modification of the pores with polyamines. The amine‐functionalized porous materials that interact with CO 2 via chemisorption exhibit exceptionally high CO 2 /N 2 select­ivity of up to 373 times, determined by ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST). image
8-Amino-adenosine is a potential therapeutic agent for multiple myeloma (2004)

Based on these results, we conclude that 8-NH2-Ado may hold great potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of MM.