gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parkinson's disease symptoms: The patient's perspective (2010)

Patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) will typically experience a range of motor and nonmotor symptoms during the course of their illness, each of which will affect a particular individual to varying degrees. However, patients' perceptions of troublesome symptoms often differ from the clinician's view, and these discrepancies can hamper effective management of PD. In this study, we have assessed 265 consecutive PD patients by asking them to rank their three most troublesome symptoms in the last 6 months, so to gain further insight from the impact of illness on patients' quality of life. Patients were divided into early (<6 years) and late PD groups (>/=6 years) from symptom onset. The division at 6 years was based on the mean time from symptom onset to the development of motor complications. In the early PD group, the 5 most prevalent complaints (ranked in descending order) are slowness, tremor, stiffness, pain, and loss of smell and/or taste. In the advanced PD group, fluctuating response to their medication (most common: wearing-off phenomenon followed by dyskinesia), mood changes, drooling, sleep problems (most common: middle and late night insomnia followed by daytime sleepiness), and tremor were the top 5. Our findings provide further evidence for the diversity of experience in PD and suggest that as the disease advances the most troublesome issues that patients perceive are the lack of response to medication and the nonmotor aspects of the disease, highlighting the importance of assessment and patient-centered management in the follow-up of these patients.
Differential Expression of Versican Isoforms in Brain Tumors (1996)

Versican is a member of the family of large aggregating chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans which are one of the major constituents of brain extracellular matrix (ECM). We examined the expression of versican splice variants at mRNA and protein levels in normal human brain and in gliomas, medulloblastomas, schwannomas, neurofibromas, and meningiomas. RT-PCR revealed transcripts for V0 and V1 in all tissues. V2 mRNA was restricted to gliomas and normal brain, while V3 mRNA was detected in all tissues except for medulloblastomas. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies to the glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-alpha attachment domain of versican (present in V0 and V2) revealed decreased staining of most glioma ECMs compared to normal neuropil, while some abnormal tumor vessels, but not normal cerebral vessels, were GAG-alpha-positive. Expression of the GAG-beta attachment domain (present in V0 and V1) was faint in normal neuropil and cerebral vessels, but increased in tumor vessels and was absent in most glioma ECMs. Both GAG-alpha and GAG-beta were expressed in connective tissue of all nonglial tumors. Our data suggest that V2 is the major versican isoform of normal neuropil and glioma ECM. Furthermore, increased expression in tumor vessels and decreased expression in glioma ECM of the anti-adhesive versican may be related to marked local invasivity and rarity of extracranial metastasis of gliomas.
THE EFFECT OF INSPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGTH TRAINING ON VENTILATION AND DYSPNEA DURING SIMULTANEOUS EXERCISE AND SPEECH (2007)

The demands placed on respiration during simultaneous exercise and speech creates the potential to increase dyspnea and the time for recovery.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) program on these two functionally limiting factors during simultaneous exercise and speech.Ten healthy adults were randomly assigned to an Experimental and Sham training program.MIP was used as an indirect measure of inspiratory muscle strength and measured at baseline and weekly during the training.All participants completed pre-and post-training simultaneous exercise and speech tasks at a moderate intensity.The results indicated a significant improvement in MIP across 4 weeks of training.Analysis pre-and posttraining indicated no significant changes in dyspnea between the groups.A decrease was, however, observed in recovery time providing potential for functional gains for individuals who must complete exercise and speech simultaneously.
Deposition and characterization of SiON films using HMDS for photonics applications (2006)

Silicon oxynitride (SiON) films were deposited using a thermal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) system in the temperature range of 760 to 820 °C with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), ammonia (NH3) and oxygen (O2) precursors. The deposited films were characterized by using ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis of x-rays (EDAX). The effect of deposition temperature on the physical and optical properties of deposited SiON films has been analysed. It has been observed that the refractive index of the deposited films increases with corresponding increase in deposition temperature. The compressive stress decreases in accordance with increase in deposition temperature. The peak position of Si–O–Si stretching vibration moves towards a lower wave number while FWHM increases with increase in the deposition temperature. The peak intensity of Si–H, Si–OH and N–H stretching peaks found to reduce with increasing the deposition temperature. This may be an indication of improvement in the quality of the deposited films. EDAX clearly shows the peaks corresponding to Si, N and O, which confirm successful growth of SiON films. These deposited silicon oxynitride films exhibit a very well controlled refractive index in the range of 1.54–1.74, which is very attractive for the application of SiON in photonic wave-guide devices.
The Human V3 Pituitary Vasopressin Receptor: Ligand Binding Profile and Density-Dependent Signaling Pathways (1997)

The vasopressin (AVP) V3 pituitary receptor (V3R) is a G protein-coupled corticotropic phenotypic marker that is overexpressed in ACTH-hypersecreting tumors. Studies of the agonist/antagonist binding profile and signal transduction pathways linked to the human V3R have been limited because of the scarcity of this protein. To define the signals activated by V3Rs and the eventual changes triggered by developmental or pathological receptor regulation, we developed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-V3 cells stably expressing low, medium, or high levels of human V3Rs (binding capacity, <10, 10–25, and 25–100 pmol/mg, respectively).
A consensus CaMK IV-responsive RNA sequence mediates regulation of alternative exons in neurons (2005)

Neurons make extensive use of alternative pre-mRNA splicing to regulate gene expression and diversify physiological responses. We showed previously in a pituitary cell line that the Ca(++)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CaMK IV specifically repressed splicing of the BK channel STREX exon. This repression is dependent on a CaMK IV-responsive RNA element (CaRRE) within the STREX 3' splice site. Here, we report that similar Ca(++) regulation of splicing, mediated by L-type calcium channels and CaM kinase IV, occurs in cultured neurons and in the brain. We identify a critical CaRRE motif (CACATNRTTAT) that is essential for conferring CaMK IV repression on an otherwise constitutive exon. Additional Ca(++)-regulated exons that carry this consensus sequence are also identified in the human genome. Thus, the Ca(++)/CaMK IV pathway in neurons controls the alternative splicing of a group of exons through this short CaRRE consensus sequence. The functions of some of these exons imply that splicing control through the CaMK IV pathway will alter neuronal activity.
Effect of Column Flow Rate and Sample Injection Mode on Compound-Independent Calibration Using Gas Chromatography with Atomic Emission Detection (1998)

Compound-independent calibration (CIC) is a theoretical concept in which a single compound is used to quantitate other compounds within a sample. Gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (AED) is one technique in which CIC can theoretically be applied. Reports are present in the literature, however, that both support CIC and indicate dependence of the AED response on compound structure. In this investigation, the effects of two gas chromatographic parameters (injection mode and column flow rate) on the atomic emission detector elemental response factor (ERF, peak area per nanogram of element injected) were studied. Seven compounds containing various nitrogen functional groups and three detection wavelengths (C at 179 nm, H at 486 nm, and N at 174 nm) were used in this work to explore CIC with GC-AED. When on-column injection was used, the calibration plots for the seven compounds fell on the same line (R = 0.9995), indicating that CIC was possible. However, when splitless injection was employed, an apparent compound dependence of the AED response was observed due to discrimination at the injector. The flow rate dependence of AED response was demonstrated through studies performed with on-column injection and constant flow rates of 1.0, 2.8, and 5.0 mL/min. All three conditions produce compound-independent response, yet the average ERFs varied with the different flow rates. When a constant head pressure of 30 psi was used, the ERFs for the seven compounds became more variable due to the change in flow rate during a temperature-programmed chromatographic experiment. Thus, the experimental parameters of injection mode and column flow rate must be considered in order to prevent apparent compound dependence of AED response.
Expression of Arabidopsis SR‐like splicing proteins confers salt tolerance to yeast and transgenic plants (2002)

Searching for novel targets of salt toxicity in eukaryotic cells, we have screened an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA library to isolate genes conferring increased tolerance to salt stress when expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we show that expression of the 'alternating arginine-rich' (or RS) domains of two different SR-like, putative splicing proteins from Arabidopsis allows yeast cells to tolerate higher lithium and sodium concentrations. Protection against salt stress appears to require the in vivo phosphorylation of these plant polypeptides, since the yeast SR protein kinase Sky1p, which was able to phosphorylate in vitro at least one of them, also proved to be essential for the observed salt tolerance phenotype. In addition, a clone encoding the U1A protein, a previously characterised Arabidopsis splicing factor, was also isolated in the screening. No significant decrease in the intracellular concentration of lithium was observed in yeast cells incubated in the presence of LiCl upon expression of any of the Arabidopsis proteins, suggesting that their effects are not mediated by the stimulation of ion transport. In support of the general significance of these data, we also show that the expression of the RS domain of one of the SR-like proteins in transgenic Arabidopsis plants increases their tolerance to LiCl and NaCl. These results point to an important role of pre-mRNA splicing and SR-like proteins in the salt tolerance of eukaryotic cells, offering a novel route to improve this important trait in crop plants.
Automatic diameter control system applied to the laser heated pedestal growth technique (2003)

We described an automatic diameter control system (ADC), for the laser heated pedestal growth technique, that reduces the diameter fluctuations in oxide fibers grown from unreacted and non-sinterized pedestals, to less than 2% of the average fiber diameter, and diminishes the average diameter fluctuation, over the entire length of the fiber, to less than 1%. The ADC apparatus is based on an artificial vision system that controls the pulling speed and the height of the molten zone within a precision of 30 mum. We also show that this system can be used for periodic in situ axial doping the fiber. Pure and Cr3+ doped LaAlO3 and pure LiNbO3 were usedas model materials.
Parallel Maximum Clique Algorithms with Applications to Network Analysis (2015)

We present a fast, parallel maximum clique algorithm for large sparse graphs that is designed to exploit characteristics of social and information networks. The method exhibits a roughly linear runtime scaling over real-world networks ranging from a thousand to a hundred million nodes. In a test on a social network with 1.8 billion edges, the algorithm finds the largest clique in about 20 minutes. At its heart the algorithm employs a branch-and-bound strategy with novel and aggressive pruning techniques. The pruning techniques include the combined use of core numbers of vertices along with a good initial heuristic solution to remove the vast majority of the search space. In addition, the exploration of the search tree is parallelized. During the search, processes immediately communicate changes to upper and lower bounds on the size of the maximum clique. This exchange of information occasionally results in a superlinear speedup because tasks with large search spaces can be pruned by other processes. We demonstrate the impact of the algorithm on applications using two different network analysis problems: computation of temporal strong components in dynamic networks and determination of compression-friendly ordering of nodes of massive networks.
Retinopathy From a Green Laser Pointer (2005)

A class 3A green laser pointer caused visible retinopathy in the human eye with exposures as short as 60 seconds.
Transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the JenaValve  system: acute and 30-day results of the multicentre CE-mark study (2012)

Transapical JenaValve™ implantation was safe and effective in the treatment of severe AS in elderly patients at high risk for surgery. Active clip fixation on the native leaflets and anatomically correct feeler-guided positioning led to good functionality and prevented ostial coronary impairment. Implantation without the need for rapid pacing prevented haemodynamic compromise during valve implantation.
Efflux of Rhodamine From CD56+ Cells as a Surrogate Marker for Reversal of P-Glycoprotein–Mediated Drug Efflux by PSC 833 (1999)

The expression of high levels of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in circulating mononuclear cells allowed us to use an ex vivo assay as a surrogate measure of Pgp antagonism. Efflux of rhodamine from CD56+cells was measured before the start of PSC 833 and at varying times thereafter. Patients receiving PSC 833 had decreased rhodamine efflux from their circulating CD56+ cells. Time course studies showed that following a single oral dose of PSC 833, decreased rhodamine efflux was found in some patients within 15 minutes of treatment. Maximal inhibition was observed at times ranging from 45 minutes to 60 minutes. A dose-response relationship was shown between the concentration of PSC 833 in the blood and the inhibition of rhodamine efflux, with an apparent plateau of the inhibition of rhodamine efflux at approximately 1,000 ng/mL. The Ki, defined as the concentration required for half-maximal inhibition of Pgp-mediated rhodamine efflux, was determined to be in the range of 29 to 181 ng/mL; although results in two patients were distinctly different, with Ki values of 914 and 916 ng/mL. MRK-16 staining was similar among all patients. We conclude that measurement of rhodamine efflux from CD56+ cells provides a surrogate assay with the potential for monitoring Pgp antagonism in clinical trials.
Clinical application of deferasirox: Practical patient management (2007)

Deferasirox (Exjade, ICL670) is a once-daily, oral iron chelation agent that is now widely available for the treatment of transfusional hemosiderosis in adult and pediatric patients aged > or =2 years of age. Clinical evaluation has established the efficacy and safety of this novel agent in patients with a variety of chronic anemias. Deferasirox represents a significant advance in the treatment of iron overload, as the availability of an effective oral therapy has the potential to relieve many patients from the burden of frequent parenteral therapy with the previous reference standard iron chelator, deferoxamine. The most common drug-related adverse events seen in the core registration trials were gastrointestinal disturbances, rash, mild and nonprogressive increases in serum creatinine levels, and elevations in liver enzyme levels. Most events were transient, mild-to-moderate in severity, and easily managed without discontinuation of treatment. As with any new agent, it is important that treating physicians are familiar with the adverse event profile of deferasirox and how the associated effects can be readily managed to ensure optimal use of this important treatment.
Quantitative data for design models (2002)

New product development has the objective of meeting customer requirements and being producible. In order to have a design meet these objectives, the concurrent engineering team must use metrics to manage the design process from concept to production. In some cases the chosen metrics use concepts that are not always intuitive for the engineers on the team. Also they are not sure where to get the data that is necessary to make a good estimate of the metric. In many cases they have been trained in the arithmetic for computing the mean, standard deviation, and variance, but when it comes to making predictions of these, there is sometimes confusion. This paper will discuss a design process that focuses on critical product requirements, for which statistical values are assigned to each parameter in order to be aware of the target and the variation to be expected. Sources of data will be discussed that can make this design modeling exercise meaningful. The purpose of this work was to better identify the methods to be used in the design concept stage for evaluating the capability of a product to meet its quantitative performance and producibility requirements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reactions of the Fluorescent Sensor, Zinquin, with the Zinc-Proteome: Adduct Formation and Ligand Substitution (2011)

Zinquin (ZQ) is a commonly used sensor for cellular Zn(2+) status. It has been assumed that it measures accessible Zn(2+) concentrations in the nanomolar range. Instead, this report shows a consistent pattern across seven mammalian cell and tissue types that ZQ reacts with micromolar concentrations of Zn(2+) bound as Zn-proteins. The predominant class of products were ZQ-Zn-protein adducts that were characterized in vivo and in vitro by a fluorescence emission spectrum centered at about 470 nm, by their migration over Sephadex G-75 as protein not low molecular weight species, by the exclusion of reaction with lipid vesicles, and by their large aggregate concentration. In addition, variable, minor formation of Zn(ZQ)(2) with a fluorescence band at about 490 nm was observed in vivo in each case. Because incubation of isolated Zn-proteome with ZQ also generated similar amounts of Zn(ZQ)(2), it was concluded that this species had formed through direct ligand substitution in which ZQ had successfully competed for protein-bound Zn(2+). Parallel studies with the model Zn-proteins, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and alkaline phosphatase (AP) revealed a similar picture of reactivity: ZQ(ACID) (Zinquin acid, (2-methyl-8-p-toluenesulfonamido-6-quinolyloxy)acetate)) able to bind to one Zn(2+) and extract the other in Zn(2)-ADH, whereas it removed one Zn(2+) from Zn(2)-AP and did not bind to the other. Zinquin ethyl ester (ethyl(2-methyl-8-p-toluenesulfonamido-6-quinolyloxy)acetate); ZQ(EE)) bound to both proteins without sequestering Zn(2+) from either one. In contrast to a closely related sensor, 6-methoxy-8-p-toluenesulfonamido-quinoline (TSQ), neither ZQ(ACID) nor ZQ(EE) associated with Zn-carbonic anhydrase. A survey of reactivity of these sensors with partially fractionated Zn-proteome confirmed that ZQ and TSQ bind to distinct, overlapping subsets of the Zn-proteome.
Development of the <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Hydroxamamide Complex as a Probe Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase IX (2019)

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX) is regarded as a favorable target for in vivo imaging because of its specific expression in hypoxic regions of tumors. Hypoxia assists tumor propagation and growth and is resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Here, we designed and synthesized [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]hydroxamamide ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Ham) and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]methyl-substituted-hydroxamamide ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MHam) complexes including a bivalent CA-IX ligand, sulfonamide (SA), and ureidosulfonamide (UR). In a cell binding assay, [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Ham complexes with bivalent SA ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]SAB2A and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]SAB2B) and UR ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2A and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2B) showed significantly greater uptake into CA-IX high-expressing (HT-29) cells than that into CA-IX low-expressing cells. Since the binding affinity of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2A and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2B for CA-IX was significantly higher than that of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]SAB2A and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]SAB2B, we additionally synthesized [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MURB2 (a [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MHam complex with bivalent UR) and evaluated the CA-IX-specific binding affinity of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2A, [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2B, and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MURB2. Their uptake into HT-29 cells was reduced by the addition of a CA inhibitor, acetazolamide, suggesting their CA-IX-specific binding affinity. A biodistribution study in HT-29 tumor-bearing mice was carried out using [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2A and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MURB2 with the highest specificity for HT-29 cells. [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]URB2A showed moderate tumor uptake and reduction by coinjection with acetazolamide; however, the tumor/blood ratio was insufficient for in vivo imaging. These results provided key information for the design of novel Ham-based imaging probes targeting CA-IX.
Aligning technology and business: Applying patterns for legacy transformation (2005)

Two key goals for aligning technology and business are to increase an organization's ability to change rapidly and to reduce the costs of technology. While many efforts are underway to improve application development, less emphasis has been placed on addressing key challenges posed by existing applications that resist rapid change. In this paper, we discuss techniques for accelerating change to legacy systems and for streamlining an application portfolio. Our approach takes business-driven application requirements, links them to analysis of an application portfolio, and identifies potential sequences of transformations to realize the targeted improvements. This paper describes our approach for mapping business requirements to application software, for using patterns to help translate business requirements to software requirements, and for using patterns to translate software requirements into potential solution designs. The paper describes how these techniques are applied to two stages of the software life cycle—initial analysis and detailed analysis—and summarizes experience gained from projects working with IBM clients.
OTA-C oscillator with low frequency variations for on-chip clock generation in serial LVDS-AER links (2009)

This paper presents the design and simulation of an OTA-C oscillator intended to be used as on-chip frequency reference. This reference will be part of the high speed clock generation circuit for Manchester serial LVDS-AER links. A Manchester LVDS receiver can adapt its operation in a limited range of frequencies, so the most important specification is the frequency stability over temperature and process variations. A novel design methodology is presented to design two oscillators in a 90 nm technology using transistors with 2.5 V supply voltage. Intensive simulations with temperature, process, supply voltage variations and mismatch effects were performed in order to analyze the validity of this approach, obtaining Delta ap 7%.