gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology (2005)

Completely revised and updated, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology: A Practical Approach, Second Edition draws together valuable information typically scattered throughout the literature, plus some not previously published, into one complete resource. In addition to the traditional aspects of developmental toxicity testing, the book covers e
An Adaptive REM for Improving AQM Performance (2008)

In this paper, we propose an adaptive algorithm called Adaptive REM (AREM) that improves the performance of random exponential marking (REM) in two ways. Firstly, it adaptively controls the parameter alpha to achieve fast response, and secondly, it introduces a new method to evaluate dropping/marking probability with each packet arrival to reduce the queue length jitter. We demonstrate by extensive simulation results that AREM maintains queue length stability independently of traffic loads, round trip propagation delay, and bottleneck capacity. We also demonstrate that AREM is robust to non-responsive UDP traffic and HTTP traffic, and it is effective for networks with multiple bottlenecks. Comparison with REM demonstrates the superiority of AREM in achieving faster convergence to queue length target, smaller queue length jitter, lower packet loss rate, and higher link utilization.
Efficient Bifunctional Nanocatalysts by Simple Postgrafting of Spatially Isolated Catalytic Groups on Mesoporous Materials (2007)

Henry heterogen: Ein effizienter mesoporöser Katalysator mit Säure- und Baseaktivität entsteht in einem Modifizierungsschritt durch Anbringen von Aminoorganoalkoxysilan-Gruppen auf mesoporösem Siliciumoxid (siehe Bild). Der Katalysator vermittelt die Henry-Reaktion (Nitro-Aldolkondensation) von p-Hydroxybenzaldehyd und Nitromethan zu Nitrostyrol mit 99 % Ausbeute. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z604570_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Random Walks on Hypergraphs with Edge-Dependent Vertex Weights (2019)

Hypergraphs are used in machine learning to model higher-order relationships in data. While spectral methods for graphs are well-established, spectral theory for hypergraphs remains an active area of research. In this paper, we use random walks to develop a spectral theory for hypergraphs with edge-dependent vertex weights: hypergraphs where every vertex $v$ has a weight $γ_e(v)$ for each incident hyperedge $e$ that describes the contribution of $v$ to the hyperedge $e$. We derive a random walk-based hypergraph Laplacian, and bound the mixing time of random walks on such hypergraphs. Moreover, we give conditions under which random walks on such hypergraphs are equivalent to random walks on graphs. As a corollary, we show that current machine learning methods that rely on Laplacians derived from random walks on hypergraphs with edge-independent vertex weights do not utilize higher-order relationships in the data. Finally, we demonstrate the advantages of hypergraphs with edge-dependent vertex weights on ranking applications using real-world datasets.
Human Impact on Erodable Phosphorus and Eutrophication: A Global Perspective (2001)

Human actions—mining phosphorus (P) and transporting it in fertilizers, animal feeds, agricultural crops, and other products—are altering the global P cycle, causing P to accumulate in some of the world’s soil. Increasing P levels in the soil elevate the potential P runoff to aquatic ecosystems (Fluck et al. 1992, NRC 1993, USEPA 1996). Using a global budget approach, we estimate the increase in net P storage in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems to be at least 75% greater than preindustrial levels of storage. We calculated an agricultural mass balance (budget), which indicated that a large portion of this P accumulation occurs in agricultural soils. Separate P budgets of the agricultural areas of developing and developed countries show that the rate of P accumulation is decreasing in developed nations but increasing in developing nations.
Minimum spectral contrast for vowel identification by normal and hearing-impaired listeners (1985)

It has been suggested that the internal spectral representation of vowels in hearing-impaired listeners contains considerably less information than is available in the acoustic speech signal. It is puzzling, then, that unless the loss is quite severe, such listeners typically have little trouble identifying vowels. Apparently, faithful preservation of the vowel spectrum is not necessary for accurate identification. In this study, we sought to determine the minimum peak-to-valley differences in formant amplitude which could adequately define particular vowels for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Vowel-like complex tones were generated by adding 30 harmonics of a 100-Hz tone in cosine phase. Amplitudes of all harmonics were equal, except for six components selected to define the formants of four vowels, which listeners were asked to identify. The selected components varied relative to the remaining component amplitudes by ±1 to +8 dB. Results indicated that the 2–3-dB peak-to-valley contrast required for identification by normal hearing listeners had to be doubled and tripled, respectively, for normal listeners in noise and for hearing-impaired listeners. While the spectral contrast information in vowels is more than sufficient for identification by the hearing-impaired, these listeners are operating closer to the limits of correct identification than their normal-hearing counterparts. This procedure offers a paradigm for a finer quantification of differences in vowel perception by these two populations than the usual accuracy measures. [Research supported by NIH.]
Receiver/transmitter input/output termination resistance calibration method (2013)

A method of receiver and transmitter input/output resistance calibration, using external reference resistor is presented in this paper. The proposed architecture produces a calibration code corresponding to 50-Ohm PVT compensated termination impedance, which is needed to avoid reflections in transmission lines. The presented calibration mechanism can be used in the special input/output circuits of several standards such as Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Double Data Rate (DDR) etc.
Cisplatin-cyclophosphamide versus carboplatin-cyclophosphamide in advanced ovarian cancer: a randomized phase III study of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. (1992)

Neither regimen is optimal in that relapse remains the norm. It may be inappropriate to expect that any single regimen can be an effective therapy for all patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Both cisplatin and carboplatin are likely to have a role in future treatment strategies.
All-optical switching in a dye-doped polymer fiber Fabry–Perot waveguide (1996)

We report on the demonstration of all-optical switching in a 110 μm diam, 1 cm long Fabry–Perot cavity defined in a dye-doped polymer optical fiber waveguide. Such a device is a basic building block of optical logic.
The orthopaedic approach to managing osteoarthritis of the knee (2004)

<b>Objectives:</b> To ascertain whether detailed isokinetic knee muscle testing reflects the results of other functional measurements in footballers and to look for any correlations between quadriceps tendon thickness and knee strength. <b>Methods:</b> Ultrasonographic evaluation of the quadriceps tendon (Hitachi EUB-405), isokinetic knee testing (Biodex System 3), and sprint measurements using telemetric photoelectric cells (Chronometre Prosport ESC TX02) were carried out on 29 elite footballers. Jumping capacity was evaluated using Bosco’s jumping mat (Ergojump). Anaerobic fitness was assessed by auricular capillary blood lactate measurements (YSI Model 1500 Sport Lactate Analyzer). <b>Results:</b> Quadriceps tendon thickness correlated positively with jumping and sprint measurements and negatively with extensor and flexor strength. However, these correlations did not reach statistical significance. There were significant correlations between knee extensor strength at 60 °/s and jumping or sprint measurements and between the extension acceleration values of both knees during isokinetic tests at 240 °/s and the sprint measurements. No significant correlation was found between the fatigue ratio values of both knees at 240 °/s and the calculated fatigue ratios from the sprint measurements. <b>Conclusions:</b> Apart from a few variables which correlated with the performance tests, the isokinetic studies did not fully predict the various functional measurements. Neither was there any relation between the quadriceps tendon measurements and the knee strength values nor with the functional performance.
Direct Quantification of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter lanienae</i> in Feces of Cattle by Real-Time Quantitative PCR (2004)

Campylobacter species are fastidious to culture, and the ability to directly quantify biomass in microbiologically complex substrates using real-time quantitative (RTQ) PCR may enhance our understanding of their biology and facilitate the development of efficacious mitigation strategies. This study reports the use of nested RTQ-PCR to directly quantify Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter lanienae in cattle feces. For C. jejuni, the single-copy mapA gene was selected. For C. lanienae, the three-copy 16S rRNA gene was targeted. RTQ-PCR primers were tested alone or they were nested with species-specific primers, and amplification products were detected using the intercalating dye SYBR Green. Nesting did not increase the specificity or sensitivity of C. jejuni quantification, and the limit of quantification was 19 to 25 genome copies ( approximately 3 x 10(3) CFU/g of feces). In contrast, nested RTQ-PCR was necessary to confer specificity on C. lanienae by targeting the 16S rRNA gene. The limit of quantification was 1.8 genome copies ( approximately 250 CFU/g of feces), and there was no discernible difference between the two C. lanienae secondary primer sets evaluated. Detection and quantification of C. jejuni in naturally infested cattle feces by RTQ-PCR were comparable to the results of culture-based methods. In contrast, culturing did not detect C. lanienae in 6 of 10 fecal samples positive for the bacterium and substantially underestimated cell densities relative to nested RTQ-PCR. The results of this study illustrate that RTQ-PCR can be used to directly quantify campylobacters, including very fastidious species, in a microbiologically and chemically complex substrate. Furthermore, targeting of a multicopy universal gene provided highly sensitive quantification of C. lanienae, but nested RTQ-PCR was necessary to confer specificity. This method will facilitate subsequent studies to elucidate the impact of this group of bacteria within the gastrointestinal tracts of livestock and studies of the factors that influence colonization success and shedding.
Remote Attestation on Legacy Operating Systems With Trusted Platform Modules (2008)

A lot of progress has been made to secure network communication, e.g., through the use of cryptographic algorithms. However, this offers only a partial solution as long as the communicating end points still suffer from security problems. A number of applications require remote verification of software executing on an untrusted platform. Trusted computing solutions propose to solve this problem through software and hardware changes, typically a secure operating system and the addition of a secure coprocessor respectively. On the other hand, timed execution of code checksum calculations aims for a solution on legacy platforms, but can not provide strong security assurance. We present a mixed solution by using the trusted computing hardware, namely the time stamping functionality of the trusted platform module, in combination with a timing based remote code integrity verification mechanism. In this way, we do not require a secure operating system, but at the same time the overall security of the timed execution scheme can be improved.
Optimization of scaled-up chitosan microparticles for bone regeneration (2009)

The aim of this study was to scale-up and optimize the chitosan (CS) microparticles (MPs) from 1x batch (41-85 mg) to 4x batch (270-567 mg) to be used in bone regeneration. The MPs used in the present study were prepared by double emulsification technique using CS as a base material under physiologically friendly conditions throughout the process. Structural integrity of MPs was improved creating cross-links between amine groups in CS and phosphate groups in tripolyphosphate (TPP) which has been used as an ionic cross-linking agent. The cross-linking density was varied using different amounts of TPP to CS such as 0%, 8%, 32%, 64% and 110% (w/w). The CS MPs were approximately spherical in shape with a size of 30-50 microm according to scanning electron microscopy results. X-ray diffraction data revealed having TPP in the CS MPs. The evidence of ionic cross-links in the CS MPs was analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra Red. When we scaled-up the yield of MPs, we investigated that 64% TPP cross-linking density provided the best quality MPs. In addition, those MPs provided the yield from 75 mg to 310 mg when scaled up from 1x to 4x batch, respectively. The MPs developed have a great potential to be used as an injectable scaffold for bone regeneration including orthopedic and craniofacial applications using minimally invasive conditions compared with conventional three-dimensional scaffolds.
From standard to intelligent MOSFET (2003)

The VN440, a member of a new high-voltage smart power family, is presented. This 450 V, 0.75 Omega power MOSFET also includes on the same chip a driver circuit, overtemperature protection, overtemperature alarm, current sense, programmable current limitation, and short-circuit protection. The on-chip protections have a very low reaction time and allow real, fast protection. This increases the system reliability. As the driving interface and the protections are already integrated, the designers can fully concentrate on the system approach. An application example using the VN440 smart power MOSFET is shown: a single switch flyback power converter in self-oscillating mode.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low-frequency dielectric relaxation of BaTiO3 thin-film capacitors (1999)

Ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin films with perovskite structure were grown by sol-gel spin-on processing onto (111)Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. In order to investigate the effects of space charge in BaTiO3 thin films, we measured the relative dielectric constant and the ac conductivity of the films as a function of frequency, ac oscillation amplitude, and temperature. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss were 147 and 0.03 at 100 kHz, respectively. Also, BaTiO3 thin films exhibited marked dielectric relaxation above the Curie temperature and in the low-frequency region below 100 Hz. This low-frequency dielectric relaxation is attributed to the ionized space-charge carriers such as oxygen vacancies and defects in BaTiO3 film and the interfacial polarization. The thermal activation energy for the relaxation process of the ionized space-charge carriers was 0.72 eV.
Multimedia Semantics: Interactions Between Content and Community (2012)

This paper reviews the state of the art and some emerging issues in research areas related to pattern analysis and monitoring of web-based social communities. This research area is important for several reasons. First, the presence of near-ubiquitous low-cost computing and communication technologies has enabled people to access and share information at an unprecedented scale. The scale of the data necessitates new research for making sense of such content. Furthermore, popular websites with sophisticated media sharing and notification features allow users to stay in touch with friends and loved ones; these sites also help to form explicit and implicit social groups. These social groups are an important source of information to organize and to manage multimedia data. In this article, we study how media-rich social networks provide additional insight into familiar multimedia research problems, including tagging and video ranking. In particular, we advance the idea that the contextual and social aspects of media are as important for successful multimedia applications as is the media content. We examine the inter-relationship between content and social context through the prism of three key questions. First, how do we extract the context in which social interactions occur? Second, does social interaction provide value to the media object? Finally, how do social media facilitate the repurposing of shared content and engender cultural memes? We present three case studies to examine these questions in detail. In the first case study, we show how to discover structure latent in the social media data, and use the discovered structure to organize Flickr photo streams. In the second case study, we discuss how to determine the interestingness of conversations—and of participants—around videos uploaded to YouTube. Finally, we show how the analysis of visual content, in particular tracing of content remixes, can help us understand the relationship among YouTube participants. For each case, we present an overview of recent work and review the state of the art. We also discuss two emerging issues related to the analysis of social networks—robust data sampling and scalable data analysis.
Low noise superconducting single photon detectors on silicon (2008)

We have fabricated superconducting nanowire single photon detectors made of NbTiN on a silicon substrate. This type of material reduces the dark count rate by a factor of 10 compared to identical NbN detectors, enabling single photon detection with unprecedented signal to noise ratio: we report a noise equivalent power of 10−19 W Hz−1/2 at 4.2 K. The compatibility of our superconducting device with silicon enables its integration with complex structures.
Cache coherence for large scale shared memory multiprocessors (1991)

article Free Access Share on Cache coherence for large scale shared memory multiprocessors Authors: Manu Thapar Digital Equipment Corporation, Stanford University Digital Equipment Corporation, Stanford UniversityView Profile , Bruce Delagi Digital Equipment Corporation, Stanford University Digital Equipment Corporation, Stanford UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture NewsVolume 19Issue 1March 1991pp 114–119https://doi.org/10.1145/121956.121969Published:01 March 1991Publication History 2citation145DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads145Last 12 Months12Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Thin-film-composite hollow fiber membranes containing amino acid salts as mobile carriers for CO2 separation (2019)

In this work, defect-free thin-film-composite (TFC) hollow fiber membranes containing various amino acid salts as CO2 facilitated transport carriers were fabricated via dip-coating. Four different amino acid salts, i.e., potassium prolinate (ProK), potassium argininate (ArgK), potassium glycinate (GlyK) and potassium cysteinate (CysK), were selected and embedded within polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. TGA, FTIR, SEM and humid mixed gas permeation test were used for the evaluation. Experiments show that adding amino acid salts into the PVA matrix significantly increases the CO2 permeance with little influence on the CO2/N2 selectivity. ProK was found the most effective within the four investigated mobile carriers; The addition of 40% ProK into the PVA matrix nearly doubled the CO2 permeance (from 399 to 791 GPU). The PVA/amino acid salt membranes also exhibited good long-term stability, in which both CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 selectivity remained nearly unchanged in a 20-h test and after a two-week shutdown period.
Molecular Origins of Mesoscale Ordering in a Metalloamphiphile Phase (2015)

Controlling the assembly of soft and deformable molecular aggregates into mesoscale structures is essential for understanding and developing a broad range of processes including rare earth extraction and cleaning of water, as well as for developing materials with unique properties. By combined synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering with large-scale atomistic molecular dynamics simulations we analyze here a metalloamphiphile-oil solution that organizes on multiple length scales. The molecules associate into aggregates, and aggregates flocculate into meso-ordered phases. Our study demonstrates that dipolar interactions, centered on the amphiphile headgroup, bridge ionic aggregate cores and drive aggregate flocculation. By identifying specific intermolecular interactions that drive mesoscale ordering in solution, we bridge two different length scales that are classically addressed separately. Our results highlight the importance of individual intermolecular interactions in driving mesoscale ordering.
RESTRETCHING: PROCEED WITH CARE (1993)

This paper describes a simple system devised to show the phenomenon of stress redistribution in stretched canvases and how conservation treatments may accelerate the development of crackle patterns. It is by no means an exhaustive study on the subject and further investigations are necessary.
Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein Leads to Immune Suppression and Liver Damage in a Transgenic Murine Model (2002)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is remarkably efficient in establishing persistent infection, possibly mediated by an impaired immune response to HCV infection. There is compelling evidence that HCV can infect immune cells, such as macrophages, B cells, and T cells. It has been previously reported that HCV core, the first protein expressed during the early phase of viral infection, contains the immunomodulatory function of suppressing host immune responses. This altered function of immune cells caused by HCV infection may explain the ineffective immune response to HCV. To further characterize the immunomodulatory role of HCV core in vivo, we generated transgenic (TG) mice by directing the expression of core protein to T lymphocytes by using the CD2 promoter. T-lymphocyte responses, including the production of gamma interferon and interleukin-2, were significantly diminished in these mice compared to their non-TG littermates. The inhibition of T-lymphocyte responsiveness may be due to the increased susceptibility of peripheral T lymphocytes to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Surprisingly, significant lymphocyte infiltration was observed in the portal tracts of livers isolated from core TG mice, associated with increasing serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Moreover, no intrahepatic lymphocytes or liver damage was found in non-TG littermates and core TG mice bred to Fas-deficient lpr mice. These results suggest that HCV core drives liver injury by increasing Fas-mediated apoptosis and liver infiltration of peripheral T cells.