gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of atilmotin on gastrointestinal transit in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo‐controlled study (2005)

We studied effects of i.v. atilmotin (BAX-ACC-1638, a novel motilin agonist, circulating t(1/2) < 10 min) on gastrointestinal transit in humans using a randomized, parallel-group, dose-response double-blind study of i.v. atilmotin, 6, 30, 60 microg or vehicle (placebo) given 2 min after standardized breakfast, lunch and dinner. The breakfast meal contained (99m)Tc-eggs and (111)In-milk. Full gastrointestinal transit was measured by scintigraphy. Primary endpoints were % gastric emptying (GE) at 30 min, GE t(1/2), colonic filling (CF) at 6 h, and geometric centre of colonic transit at 24 h. Analysis included adjustment for age, gender and body mass index, with Bonferroni correction applied for multiple comparisons. A significant treatment effect of atilmotin was detected for GE (%) at 30 min for solids and liquids (P < 0.01 for both). There were no significant effects on CF or CT and no significant adverse clinical events. Thus, atilmotin accelerates GE of solids and liquids in healthy humans. These data suggest that, at the doses tested, atilmotin should be considered for treatment of stomach motility disorders.
Pteridine biosynthesis in human endothelial cells. Impact on nitric oxide-mediated formation of cyclic GMP. (1993)

Stimulation of nitric oxide (NO) synthase in endothelial cells by Ca2+ influx leads to increased intracellular levels of cGMP. NO synthase from various sources is known to use tetrahydrobiopterin, flavins, and NADPH as cofactors. We studied the effect of interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and lipopolysaccharide on tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic activities in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). These stimuli led to an up to 40-fold increase of GTP cyclohydrolase I (EC 3.5.4.16) activity and to increased accumulation of neopterin and tetrahydrobiopterin in HUVEC. Further enzyme activities of tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, i.e. 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase and sepiapterin reductase (EC 1.1.1.153), remained unchanged. NO synthase activity in protein fractions from homogenates of cells treated with interferon-gamma plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha was not influenced as compared with untreated controls. However, interferon-gamma alone or in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha significantly increased intracellular cGMP formation in intact HUVEC by 50 and 80%, respectively. These stimuli increased intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin concentrations up to 14-fold. NO-triggered cGMP formation was similarly increased by incubation of otherwise untreated cells with sepiapterin, leading to elevated intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin levels. Thus, cytokines indirectly stimulate the activity of constitutive NO synthase in HUVEC by upregulating production of the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin.
Experimental fetal and transplacental Neospora infection in the nonhuman primate. (1994)

Results indicate that nonhuman primates are susceptible to transplacental Neospora infection. The fetal lesions after transplacental infection are similar to those induced by transplacental Toxoplasma infections in primates.
Structural Insight into Dihydrodipicolinate Reductase from Corybebacterium glutamicum for Lysine Biosynthesis (2016)

Dihydrodipicolinate reductase is an enzyme that converts dihydrodipicolinate to tetrahydrodipicolinate using an NAD(P)H cofactor in L-lysine biosynthesis. To increase the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lysine biosynthesis, we determined the crystal structure of dihydrodipicolinate reductase from Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgDapB). CgDapB functions as a tetramer, and each protomer is composed of two domains, an Nterminal domain and a C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain mainly contributes to nucleotide binding, whereas the C-terminal domain is involved in substrate binding. We elucidated the mode of cofactor binding to CgDapB by determining the crystal structure of the enzyme in complex with NADP(+) and found that CgDapB utilizes both NADH and NADPH as cofactors. Moreover, we determined the substrate binding mode of the enzyme based on the coordination mode of two sulfate ions in our structure. Compared with Mycobacterium tuberculosis DapB in complex with its cofactor and inhibitor, we propose that the domain movement for active site constitution occurs when both cofactor and substrate bind to the enzyme.
Automatic sentiment classification of movie reviews. (2008)

The increasing number of online reviews of goods and services has lead to the development of many approaches for sentiment classification and analysis. This study presents a framework for sentiment classification for movie reviews. \n\nThere are several existing approaches for sentiment classification. Sentiment classification using unigrams has being the most successful for most of the previous studies. However, results generated by unigrams could be degraded by negation terms and terms that require users to do inference. To address this problem, there are several studies that indicate that higher order n-grams have good potential of producing better classification. Problems encountered by unigrams such as negation terms could be solved by higher order n-grams such as bigrams because terms like “not good” has being extracted as a single term. In addition, higher order n-grams with feature reduction methods, such as X2 features reduction, are been explored to see if this attempt will produce better results. The movie reviews datasets are selected because they are considered to be one of the most difficult domains to classify. Producing good classification results from the movie review domain will ensure that good results will be achieved when applied on other datasets.\n\nThe research methods used for this study will consist of three portions. Firstly, the results from the simple unigram approach in this study are compared with the results presented by Pang, Lee & Vaithyanathan (2002). Secondly, the classification results generated by higher n-grams and adjectives are compared to those presented by Pang et al. (2002). Lastly, the classification results after application of feature reduction methods such as X2 features reduction are compared.\n\nAn application has also been developed for non-technical users so that these users are not subjected to the tedious process of creating training set and using sentiment classification. Additionally, this application has been bundled with additional feature selection options.
A fast algorithm for detecting contractions in uterine electromyography (2000)

Discusses a method of higher-order zero crossings, which was found to be an effective tool for signal analysis. This method mirrors the spectral characteristics of certain Gaussian and non-Gaussian processes. The authors use this method to discriminate between contraction segments interspersed in a uterine EMG recorded from the abdominal surface. They also describe a schematic circuit that can be implemented for fast on-line detection of contraction segments.
Monofunctional Hyperbranched Ethylene Oligomers (2014)

The neutral κ(2)N,O-salicylaldiminato Ni(II) complexes [κ(2)N,O-{(2,6-(3',5'-R2C6H3)2C6H3-N═C(H)-(3,5-I2-2-O-C6H2)}]NiCH3(pyridine)] (1a-pyr, R = Me; 1b-pyr, R = Et; 1c-pyr, R = iPr) convert ethylene to hyperbranched low-molecular-weight oligomers (Mn ca. 1000 g mol(-1)) with high productivities. While all three catalysts are capable of generating hyperbranched structures, branching densities decrease significantly with the nature of the remote substituent along Me > Et > iPr and oligomer molecular weights increase. Consequently, only 1a-pyr forms hyperbranched structures over a wide range of reaction conditions (ethylene pressure 5-30 atm and 20-70 °C). An in situ catalyst system achieves similar activities and identical highly branched oligomer microstructures, eliminating the bottleneck given by the preparation and isolation of Ni-Me catalyst precursor species. Selective introduction of one primary carboxylic acid ester functional group per highly branched oligoethylene molecule was achieved by isomerizing ethoxycarbonylation and alternatively cross metathesis with ethyl acrylate followed by hydrogenation. The latter approach results in complete functionalization and no essential loss of branched oligomer material and molecular weight, as the reacting double bonds are close to a chain end. Reduction yielded a monoalcohol-functionalized oligomer. Introduction of one reactive epoxide group per branched oligomer occurs completely and selectively under mild conditions. All reaction steps involved in oligomerization and monofunctionalization are efficient and readily scalable.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines in Acidic Soil Environments (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Primary Characteristics Electrochemical Corrosion Mechanism of Pipeline Steels in Acidic Soil Solutions Mechanisms for Initiation and Propagation of Stress Corrosion Cracks Effect of Strain Rate on the SCC of Pipelines in Acidic Soils
A Hybrid Neural Network and Immune Algorithm Approach for Fit Garment Design (2009)

The purpose of this study was to develop a system to utilize the successful experiences and help the beginners of garment pattern design (GPD) through optimization methods. Size design of fit garments is a basic and difficult problem in GPD for inexperienced designers. We have proposed a hybrid system (NN-ICEA) based on neural network (NN) and immune co-evolutionary algorithm (ICEA) to predict the fit of the garments and search optimal sizes. ICEA takes NN as fitness function and procedures including clonal proliferation, hypermutation and co-evolution search the optimal size values. A series of experiments with a dataset of 450 pieces of pants was conducted to demonstrate the prediction and optimization capabilities of NN-ICEA. In the comparative studies, NN-ICEA was compared with NN-genetic algorithm to show the value of immune-inspired operators. Four types of GPD method have been summarized and compared. Moreover, the hybrid system for general features of garment has been discussed. The research is a feasible and effective attempt aiming at a valuable problem and provides key algorithms for fit prediction and size optimization. The algorithms can be incorporated into garment computer-aided design system.
Carbon monoxide conversion with <i>Clostridium aceticum</i> (2018)

Carbon monoxide concentrations in syngas are often high, but tolerance toward CO varies a lot between homoacetogenic bacteria. Analysis of the autotrophic potential revealed that the first isolated acetogenic bacterium Clostridium aceticum was able to use CO as sole carbon and energy source for chemolithoautotrophic carbon fixation but simultaneously showed little tolerance to high CO concentrations. Not yet reported, autotrophic ethanol production by C. aceticum was discovered with CO as a substrate in batch processes. Growth rates estimated in batch processes at varying CO partial pressures were used to identify the CO inhibition kinetics of C. aceticum, using a substrate inhibition model. C. aceticum shows a strong CO inhibition with an optimum CO partial pressure of only 5.4 mbar in the gas phase at cell dry weight concentrations of up to 0.5 g·L <sup>-1</sup> . At optimum conditions, growth and acetate formation rates were estimated to be 0.24 hr <sup>-1</sup> and 0.52 g·g <sup>-1</sup> ·hr <sup>-1</sup> , respectively. Syngas fermentation at high partial pressures of up to 280 mbar CO in the inlet gas phase was enabled by applying a continuously operated stirred-tank bioreactor with submerged membranes with total cell retention. Around 70% CO conversion was achieved continuously in the membrane bioreactor with strongly CO inhibited C. aceticum resulting in space-time yields of up to 0.85 g·L <sup>-1</sup> ·hr <sup>-1</sup> acetate.
Interpreting comparative constructions in biomedical text (2007)

We propose a methodology using underspecified semantic interpretation to process comparative constructions in MEDLINE citations, concentrating on two structures that are prevalent in the research literature reporting on clinical trials for drug therapies. The method exploits an existing semantic processor, SemRep, which constructs predications based on the Unified Medical Language System. Results of a preliminary evaluation were recall of 70%, precision of 96%, and F-score of 81%. We discuss the generalization of the methodology to other entities such as therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. The available structures in computable format are potentially useful for interpreting outcome statements in MEDLINE citations.
Supporting communication between designers with artifact-centered evolving information spaces (1992)

Article Supporting communication between designers with artifact-centered evolving information spaces Share on Authors: Brent Reeves View Profile , Frank Shipman View Profile Authors Info & Claims CSCW '92: Proceedings of the 1992 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative workDecember 1992 Pages 394–401https://doi.org/10.1145/143457.143556Online:01 December 1992Publication History 47citation546DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations47Total Downloads546Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Ternary Tree Optimalization for n-gram Indexing (2014)

N-gram indexing is used in many practical applications. Spam detection, plagiarism detection or comparison of DNA reads. There are many data structures that can be used for this purpose, each with different characteristics. In this article the ternary search tree data structure is used. One improvement of ternary tree that can save up to 43% of required memory is introduced. In the second part new data structure, named ternary forest, is proposed. Efficiency of ternary forest is tested and compared to ternary search tree and two-level indexing ternary search tree.
Standards for automated patient records. (1991)

The work in standards development is essential to the rapid development of automated patient records. The standards set forth the common pathways needed to support and strengthen parallel efforts in automation throughout medicine. Automation fosters a changing paradigm in patient records. Automated records will not only provide more timely, accessible patient information, but will provide opportunities to link practitioners to knowledge systems, thereby supporting the diagnostic process and quality indicators that generate clinical interventions and reminders. A dynamic, complete patient record consistently maintained across diverse care sites will continue to be an essential component in patient care. Standards for the information content, vocabulary, and linkage between systems will provide the foundations for patient care information systems. Because the individual patient record uniquely represents the patient, these systems will advocate more completely for individual patients and support practitioners' decision making on their behalf. As expressed by Waters and Murphy, "We can describe a patient in many ways, according to many needs, according to many characteristics, yet in so doing we will inevitably compile a set of information inseparable from a particular individual." That concept is unchanging. Technology supported by accepted standards ensures that patients can be served through effective, timely, complete information. In serving the patient, the health care system can be served. In an article in Decisions in Decision Economics Dr. Paul Lang explained that Successful management, that is, the acquisition, collation, organization, storage and retrieval of patient-related information, is not only essential to an acceptable future for the health care-system, but is also critical to surviving the crisis of the present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of curcumin supplementation on blood glucose, plasma insulin, and glucose homeostasis related enzyme activities in diabetic <i>db/db </i>mice (2008)

We investigated the effect of curcumin on insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice and their age-matched lean non-diabetic db/+ mice. Both db/+ and db/db mice were fed with or without curcumin (0.02%, wt/wt) for 6 wks. Curcumin significantly lowered blood glucose and HbA 1c levels, and it suppressed body weight loss in db/db mice. Curcumin improved homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, and elevated the plasma insulin level in db/db mice. Hepatic glucokinase activity was significantly higher in the curcumin-supplemented db/db group than in the db/db group, whereas glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities were significantly lower. In db/db mice, curcumin significantly lowered the hepatic activities of fatty acid synthase, beta-oxidation, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme reductase, and acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase. Curcumin significantly lowered plasma free fatty acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations and increased the hepatic glycogen and skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase in db/db mice. Curcumin normalized erythrocyte and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, gluthathione peroxidase) in db/db mice that resulted in a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation. However, curcumin showed no effect on the blood glucose, plasma insulin, and glucose regulating enzyme activities in db/+ mice. These results suggest that curcumin seemed to be a potential glucose-lowering agent and antioxidant in type 2 diabetic db/db mice, but had no affect in non-diabetic db/+ mice.
Trace scheduling: a technique for global microcode compaction (1995)

Microcode compaction is the conversion of sequential microcode into efficient parallel (horizontal) microcode. Local com-paction techniques are those whose domain is basic blocks of code, while global methods attack code with a general flow control. Compilation of high-level microcode languages into efficient horizontal microcode and good hand coding probably both require effective global compaction techniques. In this paper &quot;trace scheduling&quot; is developed as a solution to the global compaction problem. Trace scheduling works on traces (or paths) through microprograms. Compacting is thus done with a broad overview of the program. Important operations are given priority, no matter what their source block was. This is in sharp contrast with earlier methods, which compact one block at a time and then attempt iterative improvement. It is argued that those methods suffer from the lack of an overview and make many undesirable compactions, often preventing desirable ones. Loops are handled using the reducible property of most flow graphs. The loop handling technique permits the operations to move around loops, as well as into loops where appropriate. Trace scheduling is developed on a simplified and straightforward model of microinstructions. Guides to the extension to more general models are given.
CHOPCHOP v2: a web tool for the next generation of CRISPR genome engineering (2016)

In just 3 years CRISPR genome editing has transformed biology, and its popularity and potency continue to grow. New CRISPR effectors and rules for locating optimum targets continue to be reported, highlighting the need for computational CRISPR targeting tools to compile these rules and facilitate target selection and design. CHOPCHOP is one of the most widely used web tools for CRISPR- and TALEN-based genome editing. Its overarching principle is to provide an intuitive and powerful tool that can serve both novice and experienced users. In this major update we introduce tools for the next generation of CRISPR advances, including Cpf1 and Cas9 nickases. We support a number of new features that improve the targeting power, usability and efficiency of CHOPCHOP. To increase targeting range and specificity we provide support for custom length sgRNAs, and we evaluate the sequence composition of the whole sgRNA and its surrounding region using models compiled from multiple large-scale studies. These and other new features, coupled with an updated interface for increased usability and support for a continually growing list of organisms, maintain CHOPCHOP as one of the leading tools for CRISPR genome editing. CHOPCHOP v2 can be found at http://chopchop.cbu.uib.no.
Rural Highway Design Analysis Through Traffic Micro-Simulation (2006)

In Sweden, rural roads with separated oncoming lanes are becomingincreasingly important due to their superior safety properties.The level-of-service of such roads may however be reducedsince traffi ...
A catheter-tip potassium-selective electrode (1977)

In the management of patients in the intensive care unit a measurement of potassium is required more frequently than any other plasma electrolyte. We have developed an ion selective electrode to provide rapid results on whole blood samples and have used the method to monitor continuously plasma levels.