gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ramsay hunt facial paralysis: Clinical analyses of 185 patients (1986)

In a prospective study of 1507 patients, evaluated consecutively for facial palsy in the Cranial Nerve Research Clinic at the Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Oakland, California, between 1966 and 1976, 185 cases (12%) were diagnosed as Ramsay Hunt syndrome. In 46 cases (25%), the diagnosis of herpes zoster was confirmed by acute and convalescent serum titers for varicella-zoster virus. In 139 cases (75%), viral titers were not performed and the diagnosis was based on the characteristic clinical presentation of the Ramsay Hunt syndrome. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis evaluating age, sex, race, signs, and symptoms at onset, severity of paralysis, associated medical problems with concomitant neurologic deficits, and response to therapy. These were compared with data of 1202 patients with Bell's (herpes simplex) palsy. The facial palsy of Ramsay Hunt syndrome was found to be more severe, to cause late neural denervation, and to have a less favorable recovery profile than Bell's (herpes simplex) facial palsy. Prognostic factors and treatment recommendations are discussed.
Protein kinase C‐related kinase targets nuclear localization signals in a subset of class IIa histone deacetylases (2010)

Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) -4, -5, -7 and -9 undergo signal-dependent nuclear export upon phosphorylation of conserved serine residues that are targets for 14-3-3 binding. Little is known of other mechanisms for regulating the subcellular distribution of class IIa HDACs. Using a biochemical purification strategy, we identified protein kinase C-related kinase-2 (PRK2) as an HDAC5-interacting protein. PRK2 and the related kinase, PRK1, phosphorylate HDAC5 at a threonine residue (Thr-292) positioned within the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the protein. HDAC7 and HDAC9 contain analogous sites that are phosphorylated by PRK, while HDAC4 harbors a non-phosphorylatable alanine residue at this position. We provide evidence to suggest that the unique phospho-acceptor cooperates with the 14-3-3 target sites to impair HDAC nuclear import.
Facile Catalyzed Acylation of Alcohols, Phenols, Amines and Thiols Based on ZrOCl<sub>2</sub>×8H<sub>2</sub>O and Acetyl Chloride in Solution and in Solvent‐Free Conditions. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Src Kinase Inhibitory Activity of a Series of 4-[(2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino]-7-furyl-3-quinolinecarbonitriles (2006)

Compound 1 (SKI-606, bosutinib), a 7-alkoxy-4-[(2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino]-3-quinolinecarbonitrile, is a potent inhibitor of Src kinase activity. We previously reported that analogs of 1 with thiophene groups at C-7 retained the Src activity of the parent compound. The corresponding C-7 furan analogs were prepared and it was found that the 3,5-substituted furan analog had increased activity compared to that of the 2,5-substituted furan isomer. Addition of a methoxy group at C-6 decreased the Src inhibitory activity of the C-7 2,5-substituted furan analog but increased the activity of the C-7 3,5-substituted furan isomer. This compound, 10, was a more potent Src inhibitor than 1 in both enzymatic and cell-based assays. The kinase selectivity profile of 10 was similar to that of 1, with 10 also inhibiting the activity of Abl and Lck. When tested in a solid tumor xenograft model, 10 had comparable oral activity to that of 1.
Dialister invisus sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity (2003)

Six strains of anaerobic, Gram-negative coccobacilli isolated from the root canals of patients with endodontic infections (five strains) and from a deep periodontal pocket (one strain) were subjected to a comprehensive range of phenotypic and genetic tests and were found to comprise a homogeneous group. Following 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, they were found to be most closely related to Dialister pneumosintes, with 93 % sequence similarity between the two taxa. A novel species, Dialister invisus sp. nov., is proposed. Biochemically, the species is largely unreactive and is asaccharolytic, with only traces of acetate and propionate detected as metabolic end-products. The G+C content of the DNA of D. invisus strains is 45-46 mol%. The type strain is E7.25(T) (=CCUG 47026(T)=DSM 15470(T)).
Grafting effects of Cu2+ on the photocatalytic activity of titanium-substituted hydroxyapatite (2013)

We examined the grafting effect of Cu2+ on the photocatalytic activity of Ti-substituted hydroxyapatite (Ti:HAp). When 0.05 wt% Cu2+ was grafted on the 10%-Ti:HAp, the photocatalytic activity to acetaldehyde decomposition under UV light irradiation was increased by three times. ESR measurements revealed that valence band electrons transfer to the Cu2+ via hybridized band, which promotes electron–hole separation. However, visible light activity of Ti:HAp did not appear even after Cu2+ grafting although TiO2 was reported to become active by the grafting. This experimental result was explained by the difference in the electronic states of valence bands of Ti:HAp and TiO2.
Optical surface microtopography using phase-shifting Nomarski microscope (1990)

The use of the phase shifting interferometric technique is discussed to make quantitative surface profiling
using the Nomarski differential interference microscope. Lateral shift of the Nomarski prism introduces
mutual phase shift between interfering two wavefronts with small amount of shear. Since the analyzed
phase distribution corresponds to the differential of the surface profile under test, integration of the phase
distribution gives the correct surface topography. The procedure for an analysis method and experimental
results are presented.
Enhanced Protoplast Growth at the Interface Between Oxygenated Fluorocarbon Liquid and Aqueous Culture Medium Supplemented with Pluronic F-68 (1995)

Protoplasts isolated from cell suspensions of albino Petunia hybrida were grown for 10 d at the interface between aqueous culture medium and oxygenated perfluorodecalin. Protoplasts synthesised new cell walls and divided normally at the fluorocarbon/culture medium interface, the mean division frequency of protoplasts being increased by 37% (P < 0.05) in this system when the perfluorodecalin was saturated with oxygen prior to use. The mean division frequency of protoplasts was further increased to a maximum of 52% above control (P < 0.01) when the medium overlaying the oxygenated perfluorodecalin was supplemented with 0.01% (w/v) of the co-polymer surfactant, Pluronic F-68. These results demonstrate a beneficial and synergistic effect of supplementing protoplast culture systems with oxygenated perfluorodecalin and Pluronic F-68.
4B5 - Progress and applications of Q-switching techniques using molecular gas lasers (1966)

The characteristics of a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> -switched CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -He molecular laser are considered. In particular, it has been found that a 3-W continuous system gives a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> -switch output power in excess of 10 kW per pulse. A method for determining rotational collision cross sections for CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> is discussed, and an induced fluorescence technique is described which is capable of giving cross sections for vibrational relaxation in CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> . The importance of various collisional coupling mechanisms and relaxation rates in determining total CW and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> -switch output power is also considered.
Time and money (2008)

Recent theorizing about politics has been characterized by a quest for an appropriate ‘currency of egalitarian justice’. Time has some very special properties that combine to make it a particularly apt candidate for that status.
Selective Cytotoxicity in a Hapten Substituted Cell Culture Model System (1973)

Abstract Selective complement dependent cytotoxicity was demonstrated in a hapten-substituted cell culture model system. Viable hapten substituted HeLa, Hep-2, and L cells were obtained by treatment with 10 to 300 µg/ml of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl (TNP)-sulfonic acid. Binding studies with 14C-TNP-sulfonic acid showed that from 1 to 9 × 109 TNP groups were bound per cell, representing 1 to 4% of the added TNP. High affinity anti-TNP antibody was purified from the sera of rabbits hyperimmunized with TNP-bovine γ-globulin. The amount of anti-TNP Ab binding to TNP-cells was quantitated and found to be dose dependent in this range of TNP substitution. Even at the highest levels of antibody, only about 1% of TNP groups was bound by antibody. The selectivity of antibody binding to TNP-cells was established by inhibition with the hapten, ε-DNP-lysine. Anti-TNP antisera, and to a lesser extent, specifically purified anti-TNP antibody, caused complement dependent cytotoxicity of TNP-cells but not unsubstituted cells. This model system permits comparative cytotoxic antibody studies with a variety of tumor cells.
Biology's Dry Future (2013)

The explosion of publicly available databases housing sequences, structures, and images allows life scientists to make fundamental discoveries without ever getting their hands "wet" at the lab bench.
Rapid calculation of biological effects in ion radiotherapy (2006)

We describe a method for fast calculation of biological effects after ion irradiation. It is an alternative derivative of the established local effect model (LEM) and has been integrated into GSI's TRiP98 treatment planning system. We show that deviations from our classic approach for treatment planning are less than 5% for therapeutical doses, but calculational speed can be improved by one to two orders of magnitude. This will allow sophisticated methods of treatment planning for ion irradiation, taking biological effects fully into account.
Direct Expansion of Human Allospecific FoxP3+CD4+ Regulatory T Cells with Allogeneic B Cells for Therapeutic Application (2009)

Compelling evidence from animal studies has demonstrated that allospecific FoxP3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells expanded ex vivo can be used as effective therapeutic tools in the treatment of allograft rejection and graft-vs-host disease. Despite the promising results from animal studies, there remain major barriers to developing Treg cell-based immunotherapy in humans. Currently, no effective approach has been established for selective expansion of human allospecific Treg cells ex vivo. Additionally, the very low frequency of Treg cells present in human peripheral blood could pose a formidable challenge to obtaining a sufficient number of Treg cells from a single donor for ex vivo expansion for therapeutic utilization. Extending our recent finding that mouse B cells preferentially induce expansion of alloreactive Treg cells, we report herein that human Treg cells can be expanded ex vivo with allogeneic B cells. The expanded Treg cells express very high levels of FoxP3, maintain anergic phenotype, and are potent suppressors capable of inhibiting the alloproliferation of third-party responder T cells at very low Treg-to-T effector cell ratio in an alloantigen-specific manner. The alloantigen specificity demonstrated by B cell-expanded Treg cells is not determined by the HLA haplotypes of the Treg cells, but it is induced and determined by the haplotype of the B cells used to expand them. Our findings represent a significant advance in the development of Treg cell-based immunotherapy in humans and raise the possibility of using third-party Treg cells for therapeutic applications.
A New Look at Social Cognition in Groups (1998)

(1998). A New Look at Social Cognition in Groups. Basic and Applied Social Psychology: Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 3-5.
Analysis of 60 GHz band indoor wireless channels with channel configurations (2002)

In this paper, 60 GHz indoor broadband wireless channels are measured with various configurations in a typical office environment. Measurements are taken at nine positions of the room and the base-station antenna is placed either at the center or at an edge of the measurement room, and the remote-station antenna is of either sharp beam or broad beam type. The RMS delay spread (RDS) and normalized received power (NRP) are estimated from the measurements. Statistical models of the 60 GHz indoor wireless channels are also presented with model parameters from the measured channel data based on the Saleh's (1987) indoor channel modeling method. Bit error rate (BER) simulations are performed using measured and simulated channel impulse responses with DQPSK-OFDM modulation, respectively. Using sharp beam antenna results in superior performances to using broad beam antenna in terms of both bit error rates (BER) and NRP penalty. Also, placing the base-station antenna at the center is superior to placing it at an edge in terms of BER and NRP.
Molecular, immune and histopathological characterization of NSCLC based on PDL1 expression on tumor and immune cells and association with response to the anti-PDL1 antibody MPDL3280A. (2015)

3015 Background: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells (TC) or tumor-infiltrating immune cells (IC) is associated with OS, PFS and ORR in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with MPDL3280A (Spigel et al, Spira et al, ASCO 2015, pending). In a phase I study, high PD-L1 expression on TC or IC (TC3 or IC3) was associated with a 45% ORR (RECIST v1.1) compared to a 14% ORR in patients without TC3 or IC3 NSCLC (Horn et al, ASCO 2015, pending). Methods: NSCLC specimens from both pre-treatment tumor samples across MPDL3280A trials (n = 498) and a non-trial cohort (n = 706) were evaluated for PD-L1 expression in TC and IC using the SP142 IHC assay. The specimens were scored as TC 0-3 and IC 0-3 based on increasing PD-L1 expression. A subset of samples was further characterized by histopathologic review, gene expression and epigenetic modifications. Results: TC3 or IC3, TC2/3 or IC2/3, and TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 tumors represented ≈ 20%, ≈ 40% and ≈ 65% of NSCLC, respectively. TC3 and IC3 tumors represented 2 distinct populations, with < 1% overlap. IC3 tumors demonstrated a high frequency of immune infiltrates within the tumor, stroma and tumor/stroma interface, with higher expression of B- and NK-cell signatures compared to TC3 tumors. In contrast, TC3 tumors featured distinct histopathologic characteristics, with a dense desmoplastic and sclerotic tumor microenvironment. TC3 tumors had a lower frequency of immune infiltrates, which when present were primarily located in the surrounding stroma. In addition, an inverse correlation was seen with PD-L1 promoter methylation and PD-L1 expression in TC, suggesting that PD-L1 may be influenced in part by epigenetic events in TC. Tumors that were TC0 and IC0 (≈ 35% of NSCLC) showed little to no evidence of immune infiltration or activation, consistent with immunologic ignorance. Conclusions: NSCLC can be classified into previously unrecognized, distinct molecular and histopathologic subsets that define sensitivity to treatment with PD-L1 targeted therapy. While expression of PD-L1 on TCs and/or ICs may confer sensitivity to MPDL3280A, the immunologic context and response to treatment may differ.
Comparison of conventional twice daily subcutaneous insulin administration and a multiple injection regimen (using the NovoPen) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (1988)

Thirty-seven stable insulin-dependent diabetic patients receiving twice daily premixed porcine soluble and isophane insulins (Mixtard or Initard, Nordisk Laboratories) were enrolled in a trial to compare the effects of this regimen and an intensified regimen on glycaemic control and flexibility of lifestyle. After a two month run-in period patients were randomized to continue taking premixed insulin (n = 18) or to change to Human Actrapid (three times daily pre-prandial doses using a NovoPen) plus Human Ultratard (n = 19: "pen" group, Novo Laboratories). Diabetic control was assessed at monthly intervals for six months by glycosylated haemoglobin assay (HbA1), 7-point blood glucose profiles and frequency of hypoglycaemic episodes. At randomization, glycaemic control had significantly improved in the group as a whole and patients were well matched with respect to body mass index (BMI) and glycaemic control. No significant changes in BMI, HbA1, mean 7-point glucose profiles or hypoglycaemic episodes were found after six months either within or between groups. Hypoglycaemic episodes were common during the study. There were no technical problems with the NovoPen. Patients using the NovoPen felt it added greater flexibility to their lifestyle. From our study results the main indication to start a multiple injection regimen is to improve the flexibility of the patient's lifestyle and not to improve glycaemic control.
Low-Loss Gate Driving Techniques of the Cascode GaN/SiC Power Device at High Frequencies (2019)

Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) power devices are segmented in the Wide Bandgap (WBG) device market: GaN devices are suitable for high-frequency but low-voltage applications; SiC devices are suitable for low-frequency but high-voltage applications. Cascoding a GaN HEMT and a SiC JFET best utilizes the advantages of both of these WBG power devices. Like GaN devices, the cascode GaN/SiC device is easy to drive at high frequencies and has low gate loss; like SiC devices, it also has relatively high voltage rating and low C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oss</sub> energy loss at high frequencies. In previous studies, power circuits using the cascode device achieved higher power density than circuits using only a SiC device but efficiency similar to that of a SiC device [1]. In this paper, we present our investigation of the gate loss mechanism of the SiC JFET in the cascode structure and our finding that the loss can be greatly reduced by minimizing the gate resistance of the SiC JFET (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g,Jfet</sub> ). Simulation results showed that reducing R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g,Jfet</sub> from 6 Ω to 1 Ω at 13.56 MHz leads to a 5× loss reduction, and experimental data verified the simulation trend. Here we provide a simple guideline to optimize the cascode GaN/SiC device and achieve better performance in high-frequency and high-voltage applications.
Antigenic cross-reactions among herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus (1987)

Polyvalent rabbit antisera against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), monospecific antisera against affinity-purified HSV-2 glycoproteins gB and gG, and a panel of monoclonal antibodies against HSV and EBV proteins were used to analyze cross-reactive molecules in cells infected with the four herpesviruses. A combination of immunoprecipitation and Western blotting with these reagents was used to determine that all four viruses coded for a glycoprotein that cross-reacted with HSV-1 gB. CMV coded for proteins that cross-reacted with HSV-2 gC, gD, and gE. Both CMV and EBV coded for proteins that cross-reacted with HSV-2 gG. Antigenic counterparts to the p45 nucleocapsid protein of HSV-2 were present in HSV-1 and CMV, and counterparts of the major DNA-binding protein and the ribonucleotide reductase of HSV-1 were present in all the viruses. The EBV virion glycoprotein gp85 was immunoprecipitated by antisera to HSV-1, HSV-2, and CMV. Antisera to CMV and EBV neutralized the infectivity of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 at high concentrations. This suggests that cross-reactivity between these four human herpesviruses may have pathogenic as well as evolutionary significance.
Electronic structures of rocksalt, litharge, and herzenbergite SnO by density functional theory (2004)

Density functional theory calculations have been performed on SnO in the litharge, herzenbergite, and rocksalt crystal structures. An asymmetric electron distribution was found around the Sn atoms in litharge and herzenbergite SnO which could be ascribed to a $\mathrm{Sn}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}5{s}^{2}$ sterically active ``lone pair.'' Analysis of the electronic structure shows that the states responsible for the asymmetric Sn electron distribution are due to the coupling of unfilled $\mathrm{Sn}(5p)$ with the antibonding combination arising from interaction of $\mathrm{Sn}(5s)$ and $\mathrm{O}(2p)$. The coupling of $\mathrm{Sn}(5p)$ was found to be active in both the formation of the asymmetric density and the stabilization of the litharge and herzenbergite phases. Due to the symmetry of the interaction the coupling of $\mathrm{Sn}(5p)$ with the antibonding states can only take place on distorted Sn sites, explaining the absence of an asymmetry in the rocksalt structure. In contrast to the classical view that the Sn(II) ``lone pair'' forms directly through hybridization of $\mathrm{Sn}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}5s$ and $5p$, our calculations confirm for the first time, through COOP analysis, that it is only through the interaction of the oxygen $2p$ states that formation of the asymmetric density is achieved.
Magnesium suppression of early afterdepolarizations and ventricular tachyarrhythmias induced by cesium in dogs. (1988)

The mechanism by which magnesium therapy suppresses some ventricular tachyarrhythmias characterized by a prolonged QT interval (e.g., torsades de pointes) is unknown. Since early afterdepolarizations have been proposed as a cause of the long QT syndrome and the related ventricular tachyarrhythmias, we hypothesized that magnesium therapy would suppress both the early afterdepolarizations and the ventricular arrhythmias. The present study was performed to test that hypothesis. Using monophasic action potentials (MAP) recorded with a contact electrode from the right ventricular endocardium to demonstrate early afterdepolarizations, cesium chloride (168 mg/kg iv) was administered before, during, and 1 to 2 hr after discontinuation of a magnesium infusion (1 to 2 mg/kg/min for 20 to 30 min). Before magnesium infusion, cesium induced early afterdepolarizations that were 49.7 +/- 1.6% (mean +/- SE) of the amplitude of the corresponding monophasic action potential. The amplitude of the early afterdepolarization decreased to 31.2 +/- 3.8% of the MAP amplitude during magnesium infusion (p less than .003) and increased to 48.0 +/- 4.0% 1 to 2 hr after termination of the magnesium infusion (p less than .003). Cesium induced sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointes, or ventricular fibrillation in 12 of 13 dogs before magnesium infusion, and in eight of 11 dogs 1 to 2 hr after stopping infusion, but in only three of 13 dogs during magnesium infusion. Cesium prolonged the corrected QT interval from 338 +/- 16 msec (control) to 387 +/- 14 msec before (p less than .003), 356 +/- 12 msec during (p less than .003), and 406 +/- 16 msec after stopping the magnesium infusion (p less than .003).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)