gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of an inexpensive sensor system for use in measuring relative finger positions (1997)

An inexpensive sensor was developed using a carbon-based electrically conductive ink. A correlation of the actual flex angle to the measured flex angle of the sensors was obtained by experimentally determining a third-order polynomial that represented the response of the sensor and its hardware system (r = 0.999). The response time, when going from an angle of 0-90 degrees, was extremely good. The sensors exhibited an acceptable dynamic response with an error of less than 5% when flexed repeatedly to an angle of 90 degrees. A second-order polynomial was found to express the resistance as a function of angle (r = 0.999) for all of the sensors tested. Although these sensors are not as precise as the more expensive sensors that are available, it was estimated that the production cost of these sensors was less then US $0.50 a piece. In addition, there are many ways that the sensor production method might be improved to produce more accurate sensors using carbon-based electrically conductive ink. While much additional work is still necessary, the system presented in this paper could be incorporated into a complete device to monitor the rehabilitation of an impaired hand. Unlike other systems that are currently available commercially, this system is inexpensive, easily manufactured, accurate, and could be readily used in a variety of clinical settings.
Some experiments on direct-conversion receivers (1990)

The authors have built an experimental PM-receiver to gain insight into the difficulties associated with direct-conversion. They found solutions to the problem of LO-feedthrough, quadrature errors and AC-coupling in the IF-strip. The demodulation of AM-interferences remains unsolved.
Large-scale synthesis of highly emissive and photostable CuInS2/ZnS nanocrystals through hybrid flow reactor (2014)

We report a high-yield, low-cost synthesis route to colloidal CuInS2/ZnS (CIS/ZnS) nanocrystals (NCs) with Cu vacancies in the crystal lattice. Yellow-emitting CIS/ZnS core/shell NCs of high luminescence were facilely synthesized via a stepwise, consecutive hybrid flow reactor approach. It is based on serial combination of a batch-type mixer and a flow-type furnace. In this reactor, the flow rate of the solutions was typically 1 mL/min, 100 times larger than that of conventional microfluidic reactors. This method can produce gram quantities of material with a chemical yield in excess of 90% with minimal solvent waste. This is a noninjection-based approach in 1-dodecanethiol (DDT) with excellent synthetic reproducibility and large-scale capability. The optical features and structure of the obtained CIS/ZnS NCs have been characterized by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The resulting CIS/ZnS NCs in chloroform exhibit quantum yield (QY) of 61.4% with photoemission peaking at 561 nm and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 92 nm. The as-synthesized CIS/ZnS NCs were proven to have excellent photostability. The synthesized CIS/ZnS NCs can be a promising fluorescent probe for biological imaging and color converting material for light-emitting diode due to Cd-free constituents.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY OF INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS (1988)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Cryopreservation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in Defined Medium (2014)

This unit describes a cryopreservation procedure using an enzyme-free dissociation method to harvest cells and preserve cells in albumin-free chemically defined E8 medium for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). The dissociation by EDTA/PBS produces small cell aggregates that allow high survival efficiency in passaging and cryopreservation. Cryopreservation in E8 medium eliminates serum and other animal products, and is suitable for dealing with the increasing demand for high-quality hPSCs in translational research. In combination with the special feature of EDTA/PBS dissociation, the protocols in this unit allow for efficient cryopreservation in a more time-saving manner.
A Novel Benzoimidazole Derivative, M50367, Modulates Helper T Type I/II Responses in Atopic Dermatitis Mice and Intradermal Melanoma-Bearing Mice (2005)

The existence of helper-T cell (Th) subsets, types I and II (Th1/Th2), provides a framework for understanding pathological immune responses. We previously reported that a benzoimidazole derivative, M50367, acted directly on naive Th cells to inhibit their differentiation into Th2 cells. Oral treatment with this compound reduced the Th2 response in vivo and suppressed disease progression in a murine model of atopic asthma. In this study, we investigated the effect of M50367 on 2 other murine disease models, such as atopic dermatitis and intradermal tumor-bearing mice, the pathogenesis of which may be related to the Th2 response. NC/Nga mice treated with a repeated application of picryl chloride developed atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions together with IgE hyper-production. M50367 (30 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the IgE hyper-production without affecting the skin lesions. In C57BL/6 mice bearing intradermal B16F10 melanoma, M50367 (30, 100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited splenomegaly and enhanced spontaneous interferon-gamma release from cultured splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner, though its effect on tumor volume was limited. These results suggest that M50367 could reduce the Th2 response (IgE hyper-production) and enhance the Th1 response (splenocytes interferon-gamma production) in these models. In contrast to previous results in the asthma model, its immunomodulation did not lead to the suppression of disease progression, indicating that the pathogenesis of these models might not simply depend on Th2 response.
Coloring-based coalescing for graph coloring register allocation (2010)

Graph coloring register allocation tries to minimize the total cost of spilled live ranges of variables. Live-range splitting and coalescing are often performed before the coloring to further reduce the total cost. Coalescing of split live ranges, called sub-ranges, can decrease the total cost by lowering the interference degrees of their common interference neighbors. However, it can also increase the total cost because the coalesced sub-ranges can become uncolorable. In this paper, we propose coloring-based coalescing, which first performs trial coloring and next coalesces all copyrelated sub-ranges that were assigned the same color. The coalesced graph is then colored again with the graph coloring register allocation. The rationale is that coalescing of differently colored sub-ranges could result in spilling because there are some interference neighbors that prevent them from being assigned the same color. Experiments on Java programs show that the combination of live-range splitting and coloring-based coalescing reduces the static spill cost by more than 6% on average, comparing to the baseline coloring without splitting. In contrast, well-known iterated and optimistic coalescing algorithms, when combined with splitting, increase the cost by more than 20%. Coloring-based coalescing improves the execution time by up to 15% and 3% on average, while the existing algorithms improve by up to 12% and 1% on average.
Application of Reactive Multi-agent System to Vehicle Collision Avoidance (2008)

Vehicle collision avoidance is a promising safety approach to new transportation systems, with innovative capabilities, such as obstacle detection, vehicle collision avoidance control strategy and adaptability to different obstacles. This paper presents a Reactive Multi-agent solution to the vehicle collision avoidance control problem with a linear configuration. In our case, vehicle collision avoidance is designed as a reactive multi-agent system in which agents interact with other agents and the obstacles situated in the environment by using physics inspired behaviors. Collision avoidance stability emerges as a global result of the individual interacted agents. Vehicle avoidance control strategy stems from calculating the trajectories of the vehicle based on the decision process of the reactive multi-agent system. Furthermore, the adaptation to different kind of obstacles is made by tuning model's physical parameters. In order to assert the transition from abstract to concrete, simulations experiments have been implemented and simulations results are analyzed.
Purification and Properties of L-Methionine Decarboxylase of Streptomyces sp. (Commemoration Issue Dedicated to Professor Tatsuo Yamamoto on the Occasion of his Retirement) (1980)

L-Methionine decarboxylase has been purified 580-fold from the crude extract of Streptomyces sp.590 that was grown in the medium containing 1.0 % L-methionine as an inducer.The purification was carried out by the several steps including protamine treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, Sephadex G-150 and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography.The purified enzyme still contained a small amount of impurities, and has a molecular weight of approximately 130,000.The enzyme has a maximum reactivity at pH 6.4.The enzyme activity was increased by addition of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and was inhibited strongly by the typical inhibitors of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate enzymes.In addition to L-methionine, r: norleucine, S-ethyl-L-cysteine, L-norvaline, L-isoleucine, DL-homocysteine, L-ethionine, L-leucine, S-methyl-L-methionine and S-methyl-L-cysteine were decarboxylated.The Michaelis constant for L-methionine, S-ethyl-L-cysteine and L-norleucine were determined to be 5, 44 and 16 mM, respectively.D-Methionine inhibited L-methionine decarboxylation competitively (Ki=10mM).The enzyme was also inhi-
Silhouette: Efficient Protected Shadow Stacks for Embedded Systems (2020)

Microcontroller-based embedded systems are increasingly used for applications that can have serious and immediate consequences if compromised---including automobile control systems, smart locks, drones, and implantable medical devices. Due to resource and execution-time constraints, C is the primary language used for programming these devices. Unfortunately, C is neither type-safe nor memory-safe, and control-flow hijacking remains a prevalent threat. 
This paper presents Silhouette: a compiler-based defense that efficiently guarantees the integrity of return addresses, significantly reducing the attack surface for control-flow hijacking. Silhouette combines an incorruptible shadow stack for return addresses with checks on forward control flow and memory protection to ensure that all functions return to the correct dynamic caller. To protect its shadow stack, Silhouette uses store hardening, an efficient intra-address space isolation technique targeting various ARM architectures that leverages special store instructions found on ARM processors. 
We implemented Silhouette for the ARMv7-M architecture, but our techniques are applicable to other common embedded ARM architectures. Our evaluation shows that Silhouette incurs a geometric mean of 1.3% and 3.4% performance overhead on two benchmark suites. Furthermore, we prototyped Silhouette-Invert, an alternative implementation of Silhouette, which incurs just 0.3% and 1.9% performance overhead, at the cost of a minor hardware change.
A 2D/3D hybrid geographical information system (2005)

We present a unique Geographical Information System (GIS) that seamlessly integrates 2D and 3D views of the same spatial and aspatial data. Multiple layers of information are continuously transformed between the 2D and 3D modes under the control of the user, directly over a base-terrain.Although 2D/3D hybrid (or combination) displays are now widely used in medical applications such as tomography, they have not been explored to any great extent in GIS applications. And although many existing commercial 3D GIS systems have 2D views they are typically isolated from the 3D view in that they are presented in a separate window. In this paper we introduce a 2D/3D hybrid GIS that allows the user to view the 2D data in direct relation to the 3D view within the same view.
Platelet-Mediated Lymphocyte Delivery to High Endothelial Venules (1996)

Circulating lymphocytes gain access to lymph nodes owing to their ability to initiate rolling along specialized high endothelial venules (HEVs). One mechanism of rolling involves L-selectin binding to peripheral node addressin (PNAd) on HEVs. Activated platelets are shown to bind to circulating lymphocytes and to mediate rolling in HEVs, in vivo, through another molecule, P-selectin, which also interacts with PNAd. In vitro, activated platelets enhanced tethering of lymphocytes to PNAd and sustained lymphocyte rolling, even in the absence of functional L-selectin. Thus, a platelet pathway operating through P-selectin provides a second mechanism for lymphocyte delivery to HEVs.
Increased IL-10 Production and HLA-DR Suppression in the Lungs of Injured Patients Precede the Development of Nosocomial Pneumonia (2002)

The incidence of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) among injured patients is substantial. We hypothesize that traumatic injury induces alterations in local organ effector cell function that may predispose the lungs of injured patients to infection. It is the objective of this study to compare the systemic and alveolar effector cell response to injury and assess the relationship these have to the development of NP. Peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) were collected from 10 elective surgery patients (controls) and 16 multitrauma patients at 12, 36, and 60 h post-injury. Systemic and alveolar levels of IL-8 and IL-10 were measured. CD11b expression on peripheral blood neutrophils (PBN) and alveolar neutrophils (AN) and HLA-DR expression on peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) and alveolar macrophages (AM) were measured. Alveolar levels of IL-8 and IL-10 were significantly higher than systemic levels after injury. HLA-DR expression was reduced on both PBM and AM after injury but was lowest on the AM. Six of 16 patients (38%) developed NP (NP+). There were no differences in cytokine levels (IL-8 and IL-10) or effector cell phenotype (CD11b and HLA-DR expression) within the systemic circulation of NP+ and NP- patients. In contrast, NP+ and NP- patients differed significantly in alveolar cytokine levels and alveolar effector cell phenotype. IL-8 was significantly higher in BAL form NP+ patients at all time points after injury. Furthermore, alveolar levels of IL-10 decreased in NP- patients but increased in NP+ patients. In all patients, AM HLA-DR expression was significantly reduced from normal controls 12 h post-injury. In NP-patients, AM HLA-DR expression returned to normal 60 h post-injury, whereas in NP+ patients, expression remained suppressed. These findings identify distinct trends in local organ cytokine production and alterations in effector cell phenotype that precede NP. The persistence of reduced HLA-DR expression amidst increasing levels of IL-10 in NP+ patients suggest that cell-mediated immune function is being suppressed. As such, local organ immunosuppression may be responsible for the development of nosocomial pneumonia in injured patients.
Accurate measurements of water vapor transmission through high-performance barrier layers (2012)

We report a new approach to measuring very low rates of water vapor transmission through high-performance barrier layers, based on detection of the water vapor by cavity ring-down infrared spectroscopy. It provides accurate and traceable measurements with a detection limit for water vapor transmission significantly below 1 × 10(-4) g/m(2)/day. The system is underpinned by dynamic reference standards of water vapor generated between 5 and 2000 nmol∕mol with an estimated relative expanded uncertainty of ±2%. It has been compared with other methods and demonstrates good comparability.
Mobile Positioning and LBS Applications (2003)

The first operation that must occur in a location-based services (LBS) transaction is determining the positioning of a mobile user geographic co-ordinates. Currently, all conventional and next-generation mobile networks are capable of a basic level of location determination and over the last six years considerable effort has been put into developing accurate positioning systems for mobile networks. There are now many proven and mature mobile positioning techniques, all of which are capable of capturing information relating to time and distance which can be used to interpolate the whereabouts of mobile devices and their users. While some mobile positioning techniques have limited accuracy, all of them have value for various location-based applications. This article describes and illustrates a variety of mobile positioning techniques which have been implemented in mobile networks to-date, and explains how each technique may be applied tofit-for- purpose use for various types of location-based applications.
Deep Metaproteomics Approach for the Study of Human Microbiomes (2017)

Host-microbiome interactions have been shown to play important roles in human health and diseases. Most of the current studies of the microbiome have been performed by genomic approaches through next-generation sequencing. Technologies, such as metaproteomics, for functional analysis of the microbiome are needed to better understand the intricate host-microbiome interactions. However, significant efforts to improve the depth and resolution of gut metaproteomics are still required. In this study, we combined an efficient sample preparation technique, high resolution mass spectrometry, and metaproteomic bioinformatics tools to perform ultradeep metaproteomic analysis of human gut microbiome from stool. We reported the deepest analysis of the microbiome to date with an average of 20 558 protein groups identified per sample analysis. Moreover, strain resolution taxonomic and pathway analysis using deep metaproteomics revealed strain level variations, in particular for Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, in the microbiome from the different individuals. We also reported that the human proteins identified in stool samples are functionally enriched in extracellular region pathways and in particular those proteins involved in defense response against microbial organisms. Deep metaproteomics is a promising approach to perform in-depth microbiome analysis and simultaneously reveals both human and microbial changes that are not readily apparent using the standard genomic approaches.
Study on the Stress Relief Cracking in Welded Low Alloy Steels (Report 2) (1972)

The effects of alloying elements on the tendency toward heat-affected-zone cracking due to stress reliefing heat treatment have been investigated with y-groove restraint SR cracking test specimens.To investigate the effect of composition, about 50 low alloy steels were obtained with different content of C, Cr, Mo Cu, V, Nb and Ti.The following results were obtained from this investigation.The stress relief cracking susceptibility of a steel can be described by PsR=[%Cr] +[%Cu] +2[%Mo]+10[%V]+7[%Nb]+5[%Ti]-2PsR≥0, cracked if %Cr≤1.5, 0.10≤%C≤0.25where PsR is stress relief cracking susceptibility index, and [%Cr], [%Cu], etc. are the content of alloying elements in weight %.However, the stress relief cracking susceptibility, of high Cr steels (Cr≥1.5%) and extremely lower C steels are low in spite of high value of PSR. Therefore, the stress relief cracking susceptibility of these steels cannot be represented by the value of PsR.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of new tetracyclic quinolone antibacterials (1992)

A series of 8-substituted-9,1-(epoxymethano)-7-fluoro-5-oxo-5H- thiazolo[3,2-a]quinoline-4-carboxylic acids having a novel tetracyclic structure was synthesized and tested for antibacterial activity. The nature of the heteroatom (N, O, or S) substituted at the 8-position had little influence on the antibacterial activity. Among the six pyrrolidinyl derivatives and the five piperazinyl derivatives, the 8-(3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyl) derivative 6h and the hydrochloride of the 8-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) derivative 6l showed the most potent activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Against nalidixic acid resistant strains, isolated from Escherichia coli KC-14, compound 6h was less potent than 6l. Replacement of the piperazinyl nitrogen atom by a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom (corresponding to the piperidino, morpholino, or thiomorpholino group, respectively) enhanced the activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but reduced the activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Compound 6l also showed potent in vivo antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and did not cause convulsions in mice with the concomitant administration of fenbufen. Replacement of the carboxy group by a sulfonic acid group in 6l resulted in a complete loss of antibacterial activity.
Clarification and Calibration of Reflection Coefficient for Electrical Conductivity Measurement by Time Domain Reflectometry (2008)

Measurement of electrical conductivity by time domain reflectometry (TDR) requires knowledge of the source step voltage, which is often implicitly accounted for in the measured reflection coefficient. Errors may arise, however, from imperfect amplitude calibration when transforming the voltage signal into the reflection coefficient signal. This instrument error was identified as a considerable source of error in addition to cable resistance for TDR electrical conductivity measurements. The effect of the instrument error due to imperfect amplitude calibration was theoretically examined by the direct current circuit model and experimentally verified. The instrument error resulted in an overestimation of electrical conductivity while the cable resistance led to an underestimation. We clarified that the series resistors model for correction of cable resistance is accurate if the measured reflection coefficient is corrected for the instrument error. A calibration (correction) method for the measured reflection coefficient was proposed to account for both the instrument error and the effect of cable resistance, leading to a simple, accurate, and theoretically sound procedure for TDR electrical conductivity measurements.
Nutritional Factors Influencing Carcase Fat in Broilers—<i>A Review</i> (1982)

SummaryExcessive fat deposition in broilers, which reduces the profit margin for poultry processors and makes effluent disposal difficult, responds to dietary manipulation.When the energy consumed by the bird exceeds that required for maintenance and growth, the remainder is deposited as fat. It is the ratio of energy to good quality protein in broiler diets rather than the energy level per se, that influences carcase fat deposition. Furthermore, the effect of a given energy to protein ratio is independent of the source of the energy.The addition of specific amino acids in order to improve the amino acid balance of the diet affects fat deposition, as does the inclusion of excessive amounts of individual amino acids or a low quality protein.The composition of carcase fat is an important factor in determining processing loss, product quality and shelf life. A carcase with relatively unsaturated fat tends to be greasier, more susceptible to oxidation and contributes more fat to processing effluent than a more saturated carcase. The composition of carcase fat depends upon the degree of hepatic lipogenesis and the nature of the dietary fat.