gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binary Adsorption in a Fixed-Bed Column Packed with an Ion-Exchange Resin (1995)

Abstract A mathematical model was adopted to analyze a binary fixed-bed adsorption column packed with an ion-exchange resin. Two pairs of organic compounds, o-cresol-benzoic acid and p-chlorophenol-p-nitrophenol, were employed as the adsorbates. A modified Langmuir isotherm with interaction factors η i was found suitable for representing the adsorption equilibrium. Scale-up of the binary adsorption column with respect to column length was effective based on the proposed mathematical model and corresponding methods for estimating the model parameters. The significance of excess concentration in the breakthrough curve was related to inlet concentration, column length, and the difference in adsorption affinity.
Microbial Degradation of Plastics: New Plastic Degraders, Mixed Cultures and Engineering Strategies (2019)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Plastics Plastic Disposal, Reuse and Recycling Plastic Biodegradation Analytical Techniques to Study Plastic Degradation Future Perspectives
Gene conversions and crossing over during homologous and homeologous ectopic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1993)

The pma1-105 mutation reduces the activity of the yeast plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase and causes cells to be both low pH and ammonium ion sensitive and resistant to the antibiotic hygromycin B. Revertants that can grow at pH 3.0 and on ammonium-containing plates frequently arise by ectopic recombination between pma1-105 and PMA2, a diverged gene that shares 85% DNA sequence identity with PMA1. The gene conversion tracts of revertants of pma1-105 were determined by DNA sequencing the hybrid PMA1::PMA2 genes. Gene conversion tracts ranged from 18-774 bp. The boundaries of these replacements were short (3-26 bp) regions of sequences that were identical between PMA1 and PMA2. These boundaries were not located at the regions of greatest shared identity between the two PMA genes. Similar results were obtained among low pH-resistant revertants of another mutation, pma1-147. One gene conversion was obtained in which the resulting PMA1::PMA2 hybrid was low pH-resistant but still hygromycin B-resistant. This partially active gene differs from a wild-type revertant only by the presence of two PMA2-encoded amino acid substitutions. Thus, some regions of PMA2 are not fully interchangeable with PMA1. We have also compared the efficiency of recombination between pma1-105 and either homeologous PMA2 sequence or homologous PMA1 donor sequences inserted at the same location. PMA2 x pma1-105 recombination occurred at a rate approximately 75-fold less than PMA1 x pma1-105 events. The difference in homology between the interacting sequences did not affect the proportion of gene conversion events associated with a cross-over, as in both cases approximately 5% of the Pma+ recombinants had undergone reciprocal translocations between the two chromosomes carrying pma1-105 and the donor PMA sequences. Reciprocal translocations were identified by a simple and generally useful nutritional test.
INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF DIETARY MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM AND PROTEIN IN HYPOMAGNESEMIA OF RATS (1970)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary magnesium, nitrogen and potassium on the hypomagnesemic syndrom in rats. Two hundred seventy male SpraguDawley rats weighing 50-{)0 g at the beginning wcre used in a 3x3x3 factorial treatment design. The experiment thus included '27 treatments, with ten rats randamly allotted to each. The experimental animals were fed diets in which the concentrations of Mg, N (as protein) and K were varied. Mg levels covered the range from deficiency to dietary adequacy. The symptoms of Mg deficiency, including skin lesions and lowered Mg contents of blood, muscle and bone, occured more quikly or with greater severityon the Mg-deficient diet when the levels of dietary N, supplied as casein, were increased from '2.2 to 3.0 or 3.8 %. These observations indicate that the interferenee by N is quantitative rather than qualitative and that presence of nitrate or other nonprotein nitrogen is not essentialto the depression of Mg availability. Elevated dietary K levels did not appear to influence the depressed weight gains and feed conversions resulting from law-Mg high-)l' feeding, but they did aggravate the hypomagnesemia. it is suggested that dietary K influenees Mg metabolism separatcly, rather than as part of the Mg-N interaction. An increased serum calcium generally occurred coincident to hypomagnesemia in this experiment, indicating that cakium is involved in same way in the Mg-)l' interaction. Dietary K levcls did not influence serum cakium concentrations.
Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal combinations for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of 65 clinical trials enrolling 4751 patients (2010)

We found a large treatment effect of adding astragalus-based herbal treatment to standard chemotherapy regimens. There is a pressing need for validation of these findings in well-conducted RCTs in a Western setting.
A clinical histologic study of bovine hydroxyapatite in combination with autogenous bone and fibrin glue for maxillary sinus floor augmentation (2001)

Biopsies were taken from 16 out of 20 consecutive referral patients 6 to 8 months after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with a mixture of bovine hydroxyapatite (BH), autogenous bone particles and fibrin glue. Four days prior to biopsy retrieval the patients were given a single dose of tetracycline to label bone forming sites. Fluorescence microscopy of 100 microm thick sections revealed active bone formation in conjunction with the BH particles in 14 of 15 specimens analysed. Light microscopy and morphometry of ground sections from 16 patients showed various amounts of mineralised bone tissue in all except one specimen. In the latter case, the BH particles were encapsulated by a dense fibrous connective tissue. Sections from the augmented areas were occupied by non-mineralized tissue (54.1+12.6%), lamellar bone (21.2+24.5%), BH particles (14.5+10.3%) and woven bone (10.2+13.4%). The non-mineralized tissue seen in bone forming areas consisted of a loose connective tissue, rich of vessels and cells, and in the periphery of a more dense fibrous connective tissue. Woven bone with large and scattered osteocyte lacunae was bridging between the BH particles and the lamellar trabecular bone. There were no signs of resorption of the BH particles. The lamellar bone appeared to have originated from the recipient site and was seldom in contact with the BH particles. It is concluded that the tested implant material has bone conducting properties. The bone associated with the BH particles after 6 to 8 months of healing was mainly woven.
Rapid DNA extraction and PCR‐sexing of mouse embryos (2001)

We have devised a PCR-based sexing method that is quick, simple, and highly reproducible. DNA is first extracted from embryonic mouse yolk sac via a 15 min, two-step incubation procedure utilizing PCR-compatible proteinase K buffer. Without any further manipulation the lysate is subjected to 30 cycles of PCR, optimized to run in less than 1 hr. The reaction includes multiplexed primer pairs for Sry and Myog (myogenin) that generate a male specific band of 441 bp and an internal control band of 245 bp, respectively. This robust method is used routinely in our laboratory and gives rapid genotyping results with 98% reliability and 100% accuracy.
Gains in Life Expectancy from Medical Interventions — Standardizing Data on Outcomes (1998)

A gain in life expectancy from a medical intervention can be categorized as large or small by comparing it with gains from other interventions aimed at the same target population. A gain in life expectancy of a month from a preventive intervention targeted at populations at average risk and a gain of a year from a preventive intervention targeted at populations at elevated risk can both be considered large. The framework we developed for standardizing gains in life expectancy can be used in the interpretation of data on the outcomes of interventions.
Use of Borehole Gravimetry for Reservoir Characterisation and Fluid Saturation Monitoring (1990)

ABSTRACT This paper describes the results of a field application of borehole gravimetry to measure secondary gas saturations in a fractured limestone reservoir. Owing to its deep-reading capability and insensitivity to near-wellbore effects, the borehole gravimeter succeeded where conventional cased-hole logging methods had failed. Borehole-fluid pressure data, recorded together with the gravity data, proved useful in ensuring that the density data had the necessary high accuracy. This paper additionally presents modelling results that indicate the potential usefulness of time-lapse borehole gravity data for monitoring floodfronts remote from a borehole. This application would benefit from the development of a sensor with a very reliable absolute calibration and low drift.
Electronic Properties of High-Quality Epitaxial Topological Dirac Semimetal Thin Films (2016)

Topological Dirac semimetals (TDS) are three-dimensional analogues of graphene, with linear electronic dispersions in three dimensions. Nanoscale confinement of TDSs in thin films is a necessary step toward observing the conventional-to-topological quantum phase transition (QPT) with increasing film thickness, gated devices for electric-field control of topological states, and devices with surface-state-dominated transport phenomena. Thin films can also be interfaced with superconductors (realizing a host for Majorana Fermions) or ferromagnets (realizing Weyl Fermions or T-broken topological states). Here we report structural and electrical characterization of large-area epitaxial thin films of TDS Na3Bi on single crystal Al2O3[0001] substrates. Charge carrier mobilities exceeding 6,000 cm(2)/(V s) and carrier densities below 1 × 10(18) cm(-3) are comparable to the best single crystal values. Perpendicular magnetoresistance at low field shows the perfect weak antilocalization behavior expected for Dirac Fermions in the absence of intervalley scattering. At higher fields up to 0.5 T anomalously large quadratic magnetoresistance is observed, indicating that some aspects of the low field magnetotransport (μB < 1) in this TDS are yet to be explained.
Altered aortic protease and antiprotease activity in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. (1987)

Aortic elastase, antiprotease (a-1-antitrypsin) and total protein were assayed in 37 patients who underwent an operation on the abdominal aorta for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), an elective procedure for AAA or aortofemoral bypass for occlusive disease. Aortic elastase modified by local antiprotease activity (elastase/a-1-antitrypsin) was significantly higher in patients with a ruptured AAA compared with patients with an elective AAA or occlusive aortic disease: 241 nanograms per milligram of tissue in AAA-rupture versus 57 nanograms per milligram of tissue in AAA-elective versus 32 nanograms per milligram of tissue for occlusive (p less than 0.003). Patients with a ruptured AAA had the highest elastase activity (354 nanograms per milligram of tissue) and the lowest a-1-antitrypsin (1.07 nanograms per milligram of tissue) compared with patients with an elective AAA and occlusion (p less than 0.05). These data suggest that the homeostatic balance between elastase and antiprotease may be significantly altered in the aortic wall at the time of aneurysm rupture. Increased elastase unchecked by low antiprotease results in increased elastin breakdown which may be the inciting event for rupture of a compromised, thin aortic aneurysm wall.
Pharmakokinetik und klinische Wirksamkeit rektal verabreichter Theophylline (1982)

The bronchodilatory effect of Neo-Biphyllin Mikroklysma (400 mg Theophylline [T], 600 mg Diprophylline [D], 600 mg Proxyphylline [P], corresponding to 5.2 mg/kg bodyweight of T, and 7.8 mg/kg of D and P, respectively) was studied on 5 consecutive days with one daily rectal application in a double-blind crossover design in 8 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Serum levels following rectal application are lower than after oral administration. On the 5th day they are only slightly higher than on the 1st day. The mean serum levels (microgram/ml) achieved after 2 h are 6.1 for T, 1.0 for D and 7.7 for P, after 8 h 3.5 for T, 0.9 for D and 4.8 for P. The pulmonary function parameters (FEV1, VC, RV, TLC and Raw) show an improvement, however, in comparison with placebo the results are statistically not significant. A correlation between the serum levels and the functional improvement cannot be established, even after taking into consideration the equipotency on a weight-for-weight basis according to the in vitro effect of the three compounds on the isolated guinea pig trachea [Boardman, 1980]. No side effects or local intolerance were reported. The use of the combination enema is particularly suitable for children or self-application by adults. Yet according to our findings larger doses or more frequent applications are required.
Capture and Stylization of Human Models (2013)

Capturing and creating models of human subjects is an ongoing effort in computer graphics. In this paper, we present a framework to capture, model, simplify, and stylize an human subject. We use a consumer 3D depth camera that captures the appearance, shape, and pose of the recorded person. We then fit this data with a parametric human model that is based on 3D scans available from the CAESAR database. Once we have a personalized 3D human model, we can apply stylization techniques to create a variety of outputs. We present several results obtained with our framework and verify that these models remain recognizable as their human sources.
Trends in Hospitalizations for Neonatal Jaundice and Kernicterus in the United States, 1988–2005 (2009)

Nationally representative hospital data indicate a declining incidence of hospitalizations with a diagnosis of kernicterus in newborn infants over the period 1988-2005. The decline occurred before and immediately after publication of the 1994 American Academy of Pediatrics guideline on hyperbilirubinemia. Epidemiologic findings were mostly consistent with other studies. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project data provide an important system for monitoring hospitalizations of uncommon newborn conditions such as kernicterus.
Epitaxial growth of phase-pure ε-Ga2O3 by halide vapor phase epitaxy (2015)

Epitaxial growth of ε-Ga2O3 is demonstrated for the first time. The ε-Ga2O3 films are grown on GaN (0001), AlN (0001), and β-Ga2O3 (2¯01) by halide vapor phase epitaxy at 550 °C using gallium chloride and O2 as precursors. X-ray ω-2θ and pole figure measurements prove that phase-pure ε-Ga2O3 (0001) films are epitaxially grown on the three kinds of substrates, although some minor misoriented domains are observed. High temperature X-ray diffraction measurements reveal that the ε-Ga2O3 is thermally stable up to approximately 700 °C. The optical bandgap of ε-Ga2O3 is determined for the first time to be 4.9 eV.
Distinction of self-produced touch and social touch at cortical and spinal cord levels (2019)

Differentiation between self-produced tactile stimuli and touch by others is necessary for social interactions and for a coherent concept of "self." The mechanisms underlying this distinction are unknown. Here, we investigated the distinction between self- and other-produced light touch in healthy volunteers using three different approaches: fMRI, behavioral testing, and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) at spinal and cortical levels. Using fMRI, we found self-other differentiation in somatosensory and sociocognitive areas. Other-touch was related to activation in several areas, including somatosensory cortex, insula, superior temporal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, striatum, amygdala, cerebellum, and prefrontal cortex. During self-touch, we instead found deactivation in insula, anterior cingulate cortex, superior temporal gyrus, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, and prefrontal areas. Deactivation extended into brain areas encoding low-level sensory representations, including thalamus and brainstem. These findings were replicated in a second cohort. During self-touch, the sensorimotor cortex was functionally connected to the insula, and the threshold for detection of an additional tactile stimulus was elevated. Differential encoding of self- vs. other-touch during fMRI correlated with the individual self-concept strength. In SEP, cortical amplitudes were reduced during self-touch, while latencies at cortical and spinal levels were faster for other-touch. We thus demonstrated a robust self-other distinction in brain areas related to somatosensory, social cognitive, and interoceptive processing. Signs of this distinction were evident at the spinal cord. Our results provide a framework for future studies in autism, schizophrenia, and emotionally unstable personality disorder, conditions where symptoms include social touch avoidance and poor self-vs.-other discrimination.
VQuery: a graphical user interface for Boolean query Specification and dynamic result preview (1998)

Textual query languages based on Boolean logic are common amongst the search facilities of on-line information repositories. However, there is evidence to suggest that the syntactic and semantic demands of such languages lead to user errors and adversely affect the time that it takes users to form queries. Additionally, users are faced with user interfaces to these repositories which are unresponsive and uninformative, and consequently fail to support effective query refinement. We suggest that graphical query languages, particularly Venn-like diagrams, provide a natural medium for Boolean query specification which overcomes the problems of textual query languages. Also, dynamic result previews can be seamlessly integrated with graphical query specification to increase the effectiveness of query refinements. We describe VQuery, a query interface to the New Zealand Digital Library which exploits querying by Venn diagrams and integrated query result previews.
Local Epitaxial Growth of Ru Thin Films by Atomic Layer Deposition at Low Temperature (2011)

This study demonstrated that atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a promising deposition method for the epitaxial growth of Ru thin films on lattice matched metal film substrates. Ru films were grown on face centered cubic metal substrates using 2,4-(dimethylpentadienyl)(ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ru and O2. Despite the low growth temperature (210°C), highly (002) oriented local epitaxial Ru films were formed on highly (111) oriented Pt and Au substrates due to the structural compatibility between the (111) plane of the Pt and Au substrates and the (002) plane of Ru. The Ru films on Pt substrates showed better epitaxial properties than those on Au substrates because of the smaller lattice mismatch between (111) Pt and (002) Ru (2.52%, 6.59% for the case of Au). The highly (002) oriented local epitaxial Ru films showed a lower growth rate than the more randomly oriented films.
Down-conductor fault detection and location via a voltage based method for radial distribution networks (2005)

A method to detect and locate a high-impedance fault caused by a downed conductor on a distribution primary feeder cone is presented. The protection system in radial networks generally consists in placing current detectors along each feeder lenz. A down-conductor fault typically has a very low current values which is often not detectable by conventional overcurrent protection devices. The proposed method is not based on current measurement but instead on voltage measurements performed at MV/LV stations. This method may be particularly interesting if LV potential transformers are already present in the network. The method is divided into two steps. The first step consists in determining whether each sensor is above or below the fault. The second step consists in determining the fault section, from a purely topological method. EMTP simulations are presented to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Measuring Trees and Forests (1994)

1: Measurements 2: Measuring single trees 3: Measuring tree crops 4: Forest inventory 5: Statistical principles in forest inventory 6: Site assessment 7: Forest growth models
Continuous-tone grayscale mask fabrication using high-energy-beam-sensitive glass (2004)

For highest efficiency optical devices, it is desirable to form continuously graded device features. We describe a technique to produce such features through the fabrication of a continuous-tone grayscale mask and subsequent grayscale photolithography. The design of the mask fabrication process is outlined, including the high-energy-beam-sensitive (HEBS) glass electron-beam exposure response characterization, and the generation of an exposure profile with inherent proximity effect correction. Application of the process is demonstrated through fabrication of smooth-facet retroreflectors, with features that are not possible to produce either by a grayscale process that employs discreet gray levels or by anisotropic wet etch techniques.
Temperature dependence of amyloid β-protein fibrillization (1998)

Fibrillogenesis of the amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies of the kinetics of Abeta fibrillogenesis showed that the rate of fibril elongation is proportional to the concentration of monomers. We report here the study of the temperature dependence of the Abeta fibril elongation rate constant, ke, in 0.1 M HCl. The rate of fibril elongation was measured at Abeta monomer concentrations ranging from 50 to 400 microM and at temperatures from 4 degreesC to 40 degreesC. Over this temperature range, ke increases by two orders of magnitude. The temperature dependence of ke follows the Arrhenius law, ke = A exp (-EA/kT). The preexponential factor A and the activation energy EA are approximately 6 x 10(18) liter/(mol.sec) and 23 kcal/mol, respectively. Such a high value of EA suggests that significant conformational changes are associated with the binding of Abeta monomers to fibril ends.
Timing in systolic systems with variable minimum connection delays (2002)

Mapping an originally delay-free dataflow graph onto a systolic hardware consisting of various programmable ALUs (arithmetic logic unit) and a programmable network connecting them will introduce variable extra delays between the processing nodes. To ensure successful mapping it will usually be necessary to increase some of the delays. An algorithm is introduced for calculating these delays and the position to add them. This algorithm was implemented in PicPEn, a programming environment created for the Picot system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bacteria which attack petroleum hydrocarbons in a saline medium (1972)

Abstract Bacterial strains were isolated from California coastal areas which showed the ability to oxidize normal paraffins, iso‐paraffins, and aromatic hydrocarbons in a synthetic seawater medium. The ability to utilize a particular hydrocarbon was established not only on the basis of visible bacterial growth but also through a chromatographic technique which was standardized and which could define the amount of each hydrocarbon consumed by the bacteria in a mixture. Some of the strains exhibited vigorous hydrocarbon oxidation when exposed to synthetic mixtures of hydrocarbons as well as crude oil. Under conditions of aeration and agitation, mixed cultures could destroy approximately 50% of a South Louisiana crude oil in a period of 48 hr.