gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of lipocortin‐1 in dexamethasone‐induced suppression of PGE<sub>2</sub> and TNFα release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1996)

1.Lipocortin-1 and its N-terminal derivatives exert potent inhibitory actions in various models of acute inflammation. The present study examined the ability of lipocortin (LC)-1 to suppress the release of the acute pro-inflammatory mediators, tumour necrosis factor (TNF alpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rhIL-1 beta). 2. LPS (10 micrograms ml-1) stimulated release of TNF alpha and PGE2 from PBMC was significantly inhibited by (4 h) co-incubation of the cells with 10(-6) M dexamethasone (Dex), but not with 10(-9) M to 10(-7) M of a N-terminal fragment (amino acids 1-188) of recombinant human LC-1 (LC-1 fragment). However, Dex suppression of LPS-stimulated TNF alpha and PGE2 secretion from PBMC was reversed when polyclonal antibody to LC-1 fragment (1:10,000 dilution) was included in the medium. rhIL-1 beta (5 x 10(-8) M)-stimulated release of TNF alpha and PGE2 from PBMC (after 18 h) was abolished by co-incubation of the cells with 10(-7) M LC-1 fragment. 3. After incubation with Dex (4 h), cellular proteins from PBMC were immunoblotted using anti-LC-1 fragment antibody (which showed to cross-reactivity with human annexins 2 to 6). Dex caused no increase in immunoreactive (ir)LC-1 content of PBMC, although there was a three fold increase in the amount of a lower mass species with LC-1-like immunoreactivity. This was accompanied by the appearance of irLC-1 in the extracellular medium. 4. The results of the present study implicate endogenous LC-1 in glucocorticoid suppression of TNF alpha and PGE2 release from human PBMC and suggest an extracellular site of action for LC-1. LC-1 may also inhibit rhIL-1 beta-stimulated TNF alpha and PGE2 secretion from PBMC.
Finding modules in fault trees (1989)

A new method for identifying all possible modules is presented. There are two kinds of modules: (1) those whose output events are expressed by gate events, and (2) those whose output events are not expressed by gate events. The latter are logical OR or AND combinations of basic events and modules. The method requires as input only fault-tree structure data representing gate event output-input relations. The output is a hierarchical decomposition of the fault tree into modules. The order in which the modules are identified corresponds to both the hierarchy established when the gates are numbered and the order in which modules are analyzed. The method can be applied to noncoherent fault trees. Illustrative examples are given. It is demonstrated that, by modular decomposition, 100-fold reductions in computation time are obtained for a 70-gate, 67-basic-event problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rising from the Ashes: DNA Repair in Deinococcus radiodurans (2010)

single-stranded DNA in ESDSA requires the function of at least one nuclease and helicase and perhaps several of both. Proteins are also needed to load RecA protein onto single-strand DNA binding protein (SSB)-coated single-stranded DNA. The most important pathway for double-strand break repair in Escherichia coli utilizes the RecBCD enzyme for all of these roles. However, Deinococcus encodes no homologue of RecB or RecC. Deinococcus does encode homologues of every protein involved in what is considered (in E. coli) an auxiliary pathway for recombinational DNA repair—the RecFOR pathway. In the RecFOR pathway, the RecJ and RecQ proteins take up the nuclease and helicase roles, respectively, while the RecFOR proteins function to load RecA
Coconut Husk and Processing Effects on Chemical and Physical Properties of Coconut Coir Dust (1999)

Chemical properties of unprocessed coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) husks varied significantly among 11 sources tested. The pH and electrical conductivities were significantly different among husk sources and ranged from 5.9 to 6.9 and 1.2 to 2.8 mS·cm −1 , respectively. The , , Ca, and Mg levels did not differ significantly among husk sources and ranged from 0.2 to 1.8, 0.2 to 0.9, 2.9 to 7.3, and nondetectable to 4.6 mg·kg −1 , respectively. Levels of P, B, Cu, Fe, Ni, S, Zn, Mn, and Mo were all significantly different among husk sources and ranged from nondetectable levels to 33 ppm. The levels of Na, K, and Cl were significantly different among husk sources and ranged from 23 to 88, 126 to 236, and 304 to 704 ppm, respectively. Coir dust (CD) produced by screening of waste-grade coir through 3-, 6-, or 13-mm mesh screens had significantly different fiber content, bulk densities, total solids, total pore space, air-filled pore space, water-filled pore space, and water-holding capacities as compared with nonscreened waste-grade coir. However, screen size did not significantly affect the physical properties of CD. Neither compression pressure nor moisture level during compression of CD blocks significantly affected rehydration of compressed CD or physical properties of rehydrated CD.
A serious game using physiological interfaces for emotion regulation training in the context of financial decision-making (2012)

Research on financial decision-making shows that traders and investors with high emotion regulation capabilities perform better in trading. But how can the others learn to regulate their emotions? 'Learning by doing' sounds like a straightforward approach. But how can one perform ?learning by doing? when there is no feedback? This problem particularly applies to learning emotion regulation, because learners can get practically no feedback on their level of emotion regulation. Our research aims at providing a learning environment that can help decision-makers to improve their emotion regulation. The approach is based on a serious game with real-time biofeedback. The game is settled in a financial context and the decision scenario is directly linked to the individual biofeedback of the learner?s heart rate data. More specifically, depending on the learner?s ability to regulate emotions, the decision scenario of the game continuously adjusts and thereby becomes more (or less) difficult. The learner wears an electrocardiogram sensor that transfers the data via Bluetooth to the game. The game itself is evaluated at several levels.
The natural product carolacton inhibits folate-dependent C1 metabolism by targeting FolD/MTHFD (2017)

The natural product carolacton is a macrolide keto-carboxylic acid produced by the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum, and was originally described as an antibacterial compound. Here we show that carolacton targets FolD, a key enzyme from the folate-dependent C1 metabolism. We characterize the interaction between bacterial FolD and carolacton biophysically, structurally and biochemically. Carolacton binds FolD with nanomolar affinity, and the crystal structure of the FolD-carolacton complex reveals the mode of binding. We show that the human FolD orthologs, MTHFD1 and MTHFD2, are also inhibited in the low nM range, and that micromolar concentrations of carolacton inhibit the growth of cancer cell lines. As mitochondrial MTHFD2 is known to be upregulated in cancer cells, it may be possible to use carolacton as an inhibitor tool compound to assess MTHFD2 as an anti-cancer target.
[Glucagon-like peptide 1: a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease]. (2010)

There is a close correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the course of pathophysiological processes. The neuroprotective action of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a latest drug for clinical treatment of T2DM, is being more deeply investigated at present, and a novel therapeutic strategy for AD with GLP-1 has been proposed boldly. This review mainly discussed the correlation of pathogenesis between T2DM and AD, the synthesis and secretion of GLP-1, the distribution and physiological effects of GLP-1 receptor in the brain, and the progresses on the study of GLP-1 in the treatment of AD.
Synergy between trastuzumab and pertuzumab for human epidermal growth factor 2 (Her2) from colocalization: an in silicobased mechanism (2011)

If validated, these findings will bring about a new direction in the design of antibodies whereby different epitopes on the same antibody may be targeted to lead to synergistic/cooperative inhibition and contribute to generate more potent therapeutics and to increase clinical efficacy.
GlobPlot: exploring protein sequences for globularity and disorder (2003)

A major challenge in the proteomics and structural genomics era is to predict protein structure and function, including identification of those proteins that are partially or wholly unstructured. Non-globular sequence segments often contain short linear peptide motifs (e.g. SH3-binding sites) which are important for protein function. We present here a new tool for discovery of such unstructured, or disordered regions within proteins. GlobPlot (http://globplot.embl.de) is a web service that allows the user to plot the tendency within the query protein for order/globularity and disorder. We show examples with known proteins where it successfully identifies inter-domain segments containing linear motifs, and also apparently ordered regions that do not contain any recognised domain. GlobPlot may be useful in domain hunting efforts. The plots indicate that instances of known domains may often contain additional N- or C-terminal segments that appear ordered. Thus GlobPlot may be of use in the design of constructs corresponding to globular proteins, as needed for many biochemical studies, particularly structural biology. GlobPlot has a pipeline interface--GlobPipe--for the advanced user to do whole proteome analysis. GlobPlot can also be used as a generic infrastructure package for graphical displaying of any possible propensity.
Charge transfer and low-temperature electron mobility in a strained Si layer in relaxed Si1−<i>x</i>Ge<i>x</i> (1992)

Calculated results for charge transfer and low-temperature electron mobility in strained silicon grown epitaxially on relaxed Si1−xGex are presented versus the thickness of an undoped spacer layer and other structural and materials parameters. The indicated conduction band offset for Si on relaxed Si0.7Ge0.3 is 180±15 meV. Scattering by the remote doping impurities that supply the carriers is found to be the dominant scattering mechanism in high-mobility samples. Samples with enhanced interface scattering are expected to have a stronger temperature dependence of mobility.
Maximum Entropy Confidence Estimation for Speech Recognition (2007)

For many automatic speech recognition (ASR) applications, it is useful to predict the likelihood that the recognized string contains an error. This paper explores two modifications of a classic design. First, it replaces the standard maximum likelihood classifier with a maximum entropy classifier. The maximum entropy framework carries the dual advantages discriminative training and reasonable generalization. Second, it includes a number of alternative features. Our ASR system is heavily pruned, and often produces recognition lattices with only a single path. These alternate features are meant to serve as a surrogate for the typical features that can be computed from a rich lattice. We show that the maximum entropy classifier easily outperforms the standard baseline system, and the alternative features provide consistent gains for all of our test sets.
Timing jitter reduction in diode pumped passively Q-switched laser with composite pumping pulses (2001)

Summary form only given. Compact all solid state lasers play a crucial role in the applications such as cost effective reliable laser radars and laser range finders for smart munitions where precision, light-weight, low power consumption, and ruggedness must be achieved simultaneously. For many applications it is desirable to have powerful nanosecond pulses which can be obtained by using Q-switching. Passive Q-switching with saturable absorbers has the advantage of ruggedness, simplicity, and good control of transverse mode. However, saturable absorber suffers from higher intra-cavity losses and, especially, the timing jitter. This is caused by the fluctuations within the system, such as temperature, pump power and wavelength, and the intra-cavity loss, etc. A number of jitter-reduction scheme involving combination of active-passive Q-switching have been proposed, but all of the schemes involved a large number of additional optical elements and the reduction. in jitter was not substantial. We have proposed and demonstrated a simple way to reduce timing jitter of a passively Q-switched laser with composite pumping pulse, which is composed of a long and low-power pulse and a short and high-power pulse. A reduction of more than an order of magnitude in timing jitter has been obtained for a Nd:YAG/Cr/sup 4+/:YAG laser.
Effect of Nitrogen Source on Lipid Accumulation in Oleaginous Yeasts (1984)

The effect of various nitrogen sources on lipid accumulation by 17 species and strains of yeast was examined. Organic nitrogen sources resulted in considerably increased lipid contents only in strains of Rhodosporidium toruloides. Lipid accumulation in Rs. toruloides CBS 14 increased from 18% (w/w), with NH4Cl as nitrogen source, to above 50% (w/w) when glutamate, urea or arginine was used. Stimulation of lipid production by glutamate was not observed when the yeast was grown in continuous culture with nitrogen-limiting medium. The increase in lipid content of glutamate-grown cells in batch culture was accompanied by a marked increase in the intracellular citrate concentration and its excretion from the cells. The pattern of citrate accumulation in glutamate-grown cells was mirrored by the accumulation of other metabolites, especially 2-oxoglutarate and NH+ 4 ions, which were produced as a result of the increased catabolism of glutamate. It is proposed that the products of glutamate metabolism in Rs. toruloides play a major role in regulating the flux of carbon to precursors of lipid biosynthesis, such as citrate.
The Role of Endothelium in Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Diseases (1993)

Key discoveries in the past decade have revealed that the vascular endothelium is an important regulatory organ that is involved in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis in health and contributes significantly to the pathomechanism of several cardiovascular diseases. Occupying a strategically important location between circulating blood and tissues and having the ability to respond to changes in its physical, chemical, and humoral environment by the production of a host of biologically active substances, the normal endothelium modulates the tone of underlying vascular smooth muscle, maintains a nonadhesive luminal surface, and mediates hemostasis, cellular proliferation, and inflammatory and immune mechanisms in the vascular wall. Modulation of smooth-muscle tone is mediated by the synthesis release of endothelium-derived relaxing [PGI2, EDRF(NO), and EDHF] and contracting factors (arachidonic acid metabolites, endothelin-1, and angiotensin II). Anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and antithrombotic properties contribute to the maintenance of the fluidity of blood. Injury or activation (by cytokines) of endothelial cells disrupts these normal regulatory mechanisms and results in morphologic and functional alterations (phenotypic changes) commonly defined as endothelial dysfunction. Clinically, the "syndrome" of endothelial cell dysfunction can be described as generalized or localized vasospasm, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and restenosis. Although its importance is clearly established, no drugs used today were originally targeted for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Recent studies, however, showed that some existing therapies (e.g., angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) may protect the endothelium. Novel diagnostic techniques and innovative therapeutic strategies, based on the already known molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, are briefly outlined. Further knowledge of the pathobiology of the impaired endothelium will contribute to unraveling some of the remaining mysteries of many cardiovascular diseases and will enable us to design novel therapies to prevent and treat them.
The Efficacy and Safety of the Melatonin Agonist beta-Methyl-6-Chloromelatonin in Primary Insomnia (2005)

beta-Methyl-6-chloromelatonin significantly decreases both objective and subjective measures of sleep latency in subjects with primary insomnia. Thus, these data suggest that mel-atonin agonists may exert a direct soporific effect, as previous research indicates that beta-methyl-6-chloromelatonin is not associated with changes in body temperature, heart rate, or blood pressure.
The genomic evolution of H1 influenza A viruses from swine detected in the United States between 2009 and 2016 (2017)

Transmission of influenza A virus (IAV) from humans to swine occurs with relative frequency and is a critical contributor to swine IAV diversity. Subsequent to the introduction of these human seasonal lineages, there is often reassortment with endemic viruses and antigenic drift. To address whether particular genome constellations contributed to viral persistence following the introduction of the 2009 H1N1 human pandemic virus to swine in the USA, we collated and analysed 616 whole genomes of swine H1 isolates. For each gene, sequences were aligned, the best-known maximum likelihood phylogeny was inferred, and each virus was assigned a clade based upon its evolutionary history. A time-scaled Bayesian approach was implemented for the haemagglutinin (HA) gene to determine the patterns of genetic diversity over time. From these analyses, we observed an increase in genome diversity across all H1 lineages and clades, with the H1-γ and H1-δ1 genetic clades containing the greatest number of unique genome patterns. We documented 74 genome patterns from 2009 to 2016, of which 3 genome patterns were consistently detected at a significantly higher level than others across the entire time period. Eight genome patterns increased significantly, while five genome patterns were shown to decline in detection over time. Viruses with genome patterns identified as persisting in the US swine population may possess a greater capacity to infect and transmit in swine. This study highlights the emerging genetic diversity of US swine IAV from 2009 to 2016, with implications for swine and public health and vaccine control efforts.
Article (1998)

The vibrational spectra of one of the most commonly used light-emitting materials for organic electroluminescence (EL) devices, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq 3 ), is presented. The geometry and normal modes of fac-Alq 3 isomer in the ground state have been computed for the first time using ab initio methods (HF/6-31G*) to aid in discussion of normal-mode assignment. Normal inelastic scattering excited at 633 nm and low-temperature FT-Raman in addition to the infrared spectra of this material are reported. The vibrational characterization of thin solid films of the material was attempted using transmission and reflection-absorption FT-IR spectroscopy (RAIRS) on smooth silver films.Key words: tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum, Alq 3 , ab initio, assignments, infrared, Raman, thin films.
Decentralized SDN Control Plane for a Distributed Cloud-Edge Infrastructure: A Survey (2021)

Today's emerging needs (Internet of Things applications, Network Function Virtualization services, Mobile Edge computing, etc.) are challenging the classic approach of deploying a few large data centers to provide cloud services. A massively distributed Cloud-Edge architecture could better fit these new trends' requirements and constraints by deploying on-demand infrastructure services in Point-of-Presences within backbone networks. In this context, a key feature is establishing connectivity among several resource managers in charge of operating, each one a subset of the infrastructure. After explaining the networking management challenges related to distributed Cloud-Edge infrastructures, this article surveys and analyzes the characteristics and limitations of existing technologies in the Software Defined Network field that could be used to provide the inter-site connectivity feature. We also introduce Kubernetes, the new de facto container orchestrator platform, and analyze its use in the proposed context. This survey is concluded by providing a discussion about some research directions in the field of SDN applied to distributed Cloud-Edge infrastructures' management.
InGaP/InGaAs complementary pseudomorphic doped-channel HFETs (2007)

The device and inverter characteristics based on InGaP/InGaAs nand p-channel complementary pseudomorphic doped-channel HFETs are demonstrated. Particularly, the saturation voltage of the n-channel device is substantially reduced because the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is formed and modulated in the InGaAs strain channel. Experimentally, an extrinsic transconductance of 109 (11.5) mS/mm and a saturation current density of 32.5 (-27) mA/mm are obtained for the n-channel (p-channel) device. Furthermore, the noise margins NMH and NML values are up to 1.317 and 0.28 V, respectively, at a supply voltage of 2.0 V for complementary logic inverter application. Key-Words: InGaP/InGaAs, complementary, doped-channel, HFETs, transconductance, saturation current, noise margin
Comparison of Solid-Phase Microextraction and Dynamic Headspace Methods for the Gas Chromatographic--Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Light-Induced Lipid Oxidation Products in Milk (1999)

A sensitive, rapid procedure for testing lipid oxidation products in milk is developed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. SPME is as sensitive as dynamic headspace (DH) analysis for measuring the pentanal and hexanal produced in milk after exposure to light. Furthermore, compared with DH, SPME is less expensive and demonstrates better precision and accuracy. In addition, SPME does not exhibit carryover or septa artifact peaks. The linearity of calibration curves (based on the method of additions technique with an internal standard) is consistently better for SPME than for DH. Furthermore, replicate analyses of pentanal and hexanal spiked in skim milk and 2% milk at 2 ng/mL demonstrate significantly lower coefficients of variation using SPME. To further test the practicality of SPME for measuring light-induced chemical changes in milk, 2% milk and skim milk samples are exposed to fluorescent light (200 foot-candles) for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 17, 24, and 48 h and analyzed by SPME and DH. Pentanal and hexanal in all samples are measured by SPME and DH. Correlation coefficients of resulting plots indicate that SPME is more accurate than DH in measuring the quantity of lipid oxidation products in milk.
Rocket-borne instrument with a high-resolution microchannel plate detector for planetary UV spectroscopy (1982)

A telescope-spectrograph employing a photon-counting microchannel plate (MCP)-CODACON detector has been built, tested, and flown on a sounding rocket. The detector uses a curved-channel MCP proximity focused onto a coded anode array of 1024 channels spaced 25.4-mm center to center. High quantum efficiency is obtained by depositing a cesium iodide photocathode on the front surface of the MCP. The instrument has obtained an ultraviolet (1500-1800-A) spectrum of Jupiter with a spectral resolution of 8 A, which is higher than that of any previously reported observation in this wavelength range.