gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epitope Specificity and Clonality of EBV-Specific CTLs Used to Treat Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease (2009)

In a recent phase II clinical trial using banked allogeneic CTL lines to treat EBV-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease, a response rate of 52% was recorded 6 mo posttreatment. Tumor response was associated with an increase in both CTL/recipient HLA matches and CD4(+) T cells within the infused CTL lines. The present study was undertaken to correlate tumor response with CTL specificity. The majority of CTL lines infused recognized EBV-encoded nuclear Ag-3 proteins, but CTL protein specificity itself did not correlate with tumor response. Specificity in conjunction with donor/recipient functional HLA matching as opposed to HLA matching alone, however, was important for tumor response. CTL receptor TCR beta-chain variable gene subfamilies were polyclonal, with no preferential use of a particular family. However, tumor response was improved in those receiving CTL lines with polyclonal vs clonal distribution for subfamilies 2, 3, and 9. Interestingly, in five of six tumors (five Hodgkin's-like and one Burkitt's-like posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease) with restricted viral gene expression a complete response was recorded, although in some cases the tumor cells did not express the proteins recognized by the infused CTL. Thus CTL were advantageous when functionally HLA matched but for certain tumor types complete responses occurred in the absence of detectable specific CTL/tumor recognition. We suggest that either the allogenic CTL contained small, undetectable, EBV-specific, HLA-matched T cell populations or perhaps they stimulated nonspecific inflammatory responses in vivo, which were beneficial for tumor regression. These observations should be considered when designing and implementing CTL therapies.
On-Chip Transient Detection Circuit for System-Level ESD Protection in CMOS Integrated Circuits to Meet Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulation (2008)

A new on-chip transient detection circuit for system-level electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is proposed. The circuit performance to detect different positive and negative fast electrical transients has been investigated by the HSPICE simulator and verified in a silicon chip. The experimental results in a 0.13-m CMOS integrated circuit (IC) have confirmed that the proposed on-chip transient detection circuit can be used to detect fast electrical transients during the system-level ESD events. The proposed transient detection circuit can be further combined with the power-on reset circuit to improve the immunity of the CMOS IC products against system-level ESD stress.
Tetraalkylsilanes via hydrosilylation of 1-alkenes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetraalkylsilanes via hydrosilylation of 1-alkenesAnatoli Onopchenko and Edward T. SabourinCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1988, 33, 1, 64–66Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/je00051a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (320 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
HTTP Extensions for Simultaneous Download from Multiple Mirrors (2009)

This document describes an extension to HTTP by which servers can
automatically inform clients of mirrors of resources. Clients can
then simultaneously request segments of the resource from different
servers, enhancing both network and server utilisation, download
speeds, and thus user experience.
Predictive control of a bench-scale chemical reactor based on neural-network models (1998)

The authors have developed a reliable long-range predictor, comprising two neural networks with external feedback in series, and investigated its applicability for model predictive control on a simulation example. The networks use external feedback of the process state, yielding a state-space mapping that eliminates the drawbacks of the input-output mapping of the feedforward networks. This paper applies the long-range predictor to the model predictive control of an experimental bench-scale semi-batch chemical reactor. Examples of yield maximization for a reaction with complex kinetics are used to assess the proposed predictive control scheme. Control performance is compared for predictors based on the proposed external-feedback networks and on conventional feedforward networks. Results for various operating conditions, disturbances, and included analytical models demonstrate the superiority of the proposed control scheme in experiments.
A parallel interleaver design for IDMA systems (2009)

In this paper, we propose a parallel interleaver design for interleave-division multiple-access (IDMA) systems. The advantages of our approach are the low complexity induced from an algebraic solution and the parallel processing with negligible performance degradations against random interleavers. It is specially suitable for parallel implementation of multiple user detections and decoding of IDMA signals, resulting in efficient improvements of system throughput. Simulation results show that the parallel interleavers perform as well as the random interleavers in an IDMA system.
Electrostatic Conversion for Vibration Energy Harvesting (2012)

This chapter focuses on vibration energy harvesting using electrostatic converters. It synthesizes the various works carried out on electrostatic devices, from concepts, models and up to prototypes, and covers both standard (electret-free) and electret-based electrostatic vibration energy harvesters (VEH).
The Preparation of Some Tetrasubstituted Amidrazones (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Some Tetrasubstituted AmidrazonesHenry Rapoport and Robert M. BonnerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 6, 2783–2784Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01162a523Request reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (272 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Probing Electron Transfer in Flavocytochrome <i>P</i>‐450 BM3 and Its Component Domains (1996)

Rapid events in the processes of electron transfer and substrate binding to cytochrome P-450 BM3 from Bacillus megaterium and its constituent haem-containing and flavin-containing domains have been investigated using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The formation of a blue semiquinone flavin form occurs during the NADPH-dependent reduction of the flavin domain and a species with a similar absorption maximum is also seen during reduction of the holoenzyme by NADPH. EPR spectroscopy confirms the formation of the flavin semiquinone. The formation of this semiquinone is transient during fatty acid monooxygenation by the holoenzyme, but in the presence of excess NADPH the species reforms once fatty acid is exhausted. Electron transfers through the reductase domain are too rapid to limit the fatty acid monooxygenation reaction. The substrate-binding-induced haem iron spin-state shift also occurs much faster than the Kcat at 25 degrees C. The rate of first electron transfer to the haem domain is also rapid; but it is of the order of 5-10-times larger than the Kcat for the enzyme (dependent on the fatty acid used). Given that two successive electron transfers to haem iron are required for the oxygenation reaction, these rates are likely to exert some control over the rate of fatty acid oxygenation reactions. The presence of large amounts of NADPH also results in decreased rates of electron transfer from flavin to haem iron. In the difference spectrum of the active fatty acid hydroxylase, features indicative of a high-spin iron haem accumulate. These are in accordance with the presence of large amounts of an Fe(3+)-product bound enzyme during turnover and indicate that product release may also contribute to rate limitation. Taken together, these data suggest that the catalytic rate is not determined by the accumulation of a single intermediate in the reaction scheme, but rather that it is controlled in a series of steps.
Fractional mass values of large molecules (1987)

Abstract From the standpoint of relative molecular mass (RMM) determination by mass spectrometry, the average relative molecular masses of organic molecules in the range over 2000 daltons are significantly influenced both by the fractional masses of the constituent elements and by natural variations in isotopic abundance. Differences between monoisotopic RMM and relative atomic mass (RAM) based RMM tend characteristically to differ between major classes of biomolecules primarily because of molar carbon content, the difference between polypeptides and nucleic acids being about 4 daltons at M r = 25 000. Considering terrestrial sources alone, variations in the isotopic abundance of carbon lead to differences of about 10–25 ppm in average molecular mass, which is significant with respect to present mass measurement capability in the region up to several thousand daltons. Comments are made concerning the calculation of average RMM values horn isotopic probability profiles versus those from RAMs.
Enabling and Disabling Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibition through Chemical Genetics (2012)

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a core regulator of cell division and an emerging target for cancer therapy. Pharmacologic inhibitors of Plk1 exist but affect other kinases, complicating their in vivo validation. To address this, we examined effects of two structurally unrelated Plk1 inhibitors (BI-2536 and TAL) against isogenic human cell lines that solely express wildtype (wt) or analogue-sensitive (as) Plk1 alleles. Unexpectedly, Plk1(as) cells displayed profound biochemical and functional resistance to both inhibitors. Cells that co-express Plk1(wt) and Plk1(as) exhibit loss-of-function phenotypes only when both kinase alleles are inhibited. Resistance to BI-2536 is linked to an intragenic suppressor mutation (C67V) that restores an otherwise invariant valine to the kinase active site. Structural modeling demonstrates that this mutation not only enables Plk1(as) to function in vivo but also occludes BI-2536 from the ATP-binding pocket. Our results reveal the molecular basis of Plk inhibitor selectivity and a potential mechanism for tumor cell resistance.
CONCISE REVIEW Biological: Periodontal Inflammation and Insulin Resistance— Lessons from Obesity (2001)

Recent attention has been focused on our understanding of the negative influences of oral chronic inflammation on systemic health. Successful periodontal treatment appears to have beneficial effects on the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes. Although type 2 diabetes is a multiple-risk-factor syndrome, lowered insulin sensitivity, called insulin resistance, is essential in developing the disease. Pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), produced from adipose tissues in obese subjects, is known to play a predominant role in inducing insulin resistance. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that anti-infectious periodontal treatment may improve metabolic control of diabetes via improved insulin sensitivity by reducing peripheral TNF-alpha concentration. In this review, we summarize the nature of insulin resistance and discuss the mechanisms by which insulin sensitivity is influenced by chronic inflammation, such as in periodontal disease.
Reconstructing foveal pit morphology from optical coherence tomography imaging (2009)

Offline analysis of OCT data sets enables quantitative assessment of foveal morphology. The algorithm works on the Stratus and Cirrus macular thickness protocols, as well as the Spectralis and Bioptigen radial-line scan protocols, and can be objectively applied to existing data sets. These metrics will be useful in following changes associated with diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity and high myopia, as well as in studying normal postnatal development of the human fovea.
Can Quotas Save Stocks? (1998)

Managing fisheries by limiting the amount of fish fishermen can take out of the sea seems at first sight a perfectly rational procedure. Catching too much fish damages stocks and their capacity to reproduce, so restricting catches is the obvious answer. Simply set a total allowable catch (TAC) for each stock, and when that is caught call a halt. But when one considers what a political and bureaucratic quagmire has to be created to implement and enforce such a policy, and at what enormous cost, its appeal is sharply reduced. I propose to examine the way the system works within the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and in particular within the UK, although some countries outside the EU have more successful experiences with TAC/quota systems than is the case in Europe.
Transcriptional analysis of the B cell germinal center reaction (2003)

The germinal center (GC) reaction is crucial for T cell-dependent immune responses and is targeted by B cell lymphomagenesis. Here we analyzed the transcriptional changes that occur in B cells during GC transit (naive B cells --> centroblasts --> centrocytes --> memory B cells) by gene expression profiling. Naive B cells, characterized by the expression of cell cycle-inhibitory and antiapoptotic genes, become centroblasts by inducing an atypical proliferation program lacking c-Myc expression, switching to a proapoptotic program, and down-regulating cytokine, chemokine, and adhesion receptors. The transition from GC to memory cells is characterized by a return to a phenotype similar to that of naive cells except for an apoptotic program primed for both death and survival and for changes in the expression of cell surface receptors including IL-2 receptor beta. These results provide insights into the dynamics of the GC reaction and represent the basis for the analysis of B cell malignancies.
Chimeric influenza virus hemagglutinin containing either the NH2 terminus or the COOH terminus of G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus is defective in transport to the cell surface. (1984)

Chimeric cDNA clones of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) were constructed in which the DNA encoding either the NH2 terminus or the COOH terminus of HA was replaced with that of a vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. The chimeric cDNAs (GHA or HAG) were expressed in CV1 cells using the simian virus 40 late replacement promoter. Both chimeric proteins are synthesized, glycosylated, and transported to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. These results show that the NH2-terminal sequences of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein can provide a signal function for translocation and the COOH-terminal sequences can provide the anchor function for the influenza virus HA, when substituted for similar sequences. However, the chimeric glycoproteins were not transported to the Golgi complex or the plasma membrane. The implication of these results in translocation, sorting, and transport processes is discussed.
Photoelectron Spectroscopy (1975)

Machine learning (ML) is transforming all areas of science. The complex and time-consuming calculations in molecular simulations are particularly suitable for an ML revolution and have already been profoundly affected by the application of existing ML ...Read More
Large CFB power plant design and operating experience: Texas-New Mexico Power Company 150 MWe (net) CFB power plant (1995)

The first unit of the TNP One CFB power plant was successfully put on line by Texas-New Mexico Power Company (TNP) in Robertson County, Texas, US in 1990. Unit 2 came on line one year later. This grassroots plant fires Texas lignite. The two identical CFB units were each designed for 150 MWe net electrical generation. The units have operated at 155 MWe net for extended periods of time without modifications. The boilers have additional capacity but are limited by the balance of plant. The TNP One plant was awarded the Power Plant of the Year Award by Power magazine in 1991 advancing CFB technology in large generating facilities. The plant was designed for maximum fuel flexibility with guaranteed full load operation on either Texas lignite, western coal or natural gas. The plant has fired the following fuels, to date: lignite (base fuel), natural gas (0--100% with lignite), delayed petroleum coke (0--100% with lignite), plant generated waste oils (small amounts), oil filter fluff (small amounts) and a waste product of pelletized reflective tape. Future testing is planned to test burn shredded tires. While firing all fuels, the plant could attain full load and meet all environmentally permitted emissions without anymore » boiler modifications or compromises in boiler efficiency. This high flexibility of the plant can be attributed to the two large fluidized bed heat exchangers (FBHEs) for steam temperature and combustor temperature control. The facility is a mine mouth operation burning the local Texas lignite. The delayed petroleum cokes fired originated from various supply sources from the Texas/Louisiana area.« less
Scatterometry measurement precision and accuracy below 70 nm (2003)

Scatterometry is a contender for various measurement applications where structure widths and heights can be significantly smaller than 70 nm within one or two ITRS generations. For example, feedforward process control in the post-lithography transistor gate formation is being actively pursued by a number of RIE tool manufacturers. Several commercial forms of scatterometry are available or under development which promise to provide satisfactory performance in this regime. Scatterometry, as commercially practiced today, involves analyzing the zeroth order reflected light from a grating of lines. Normal incidence spectroscopic reflectometry, 2-theta fixed-wavelength ellipsometry, and spectroscopic ellipsometry are among the optical techniques, while library based spectra matching and realtime regression are among the analysis techniques. All these commercial forms will find accurate and precise measurement a challenge when the material constituting the critical structure approaches a very small volume. Equally challenging is executing an evaluation methodology that first determines the true properties (critical dimensions and materials) of semiconductor wafer artifacts and then compares measurement performance of several scatterometers. How well do scatterometers track process induced changes in bottom CD and sidewall profile? This paper introduces a general 3D metrology assessment methodology and reports upon work involving sub-70 nm structures and several scatterometers. The methodology combines results from multiple metrologies (CD-SEM, CD-AFM, TEM, and XSEM) to form a Reference Measurement System (RMS). The methodology determines how well the scatterometry measurement tracks critical structure changes even in the presence of other noncritical changes that take place at the same time; these are key components of accuracy. Because the assessment rewards scatterometers that measure with good precision (reproducibility) and good accuracy, the most precise scatterometer is not necessarily the best.
Generation, dative ligand trapping, and nitrogen-nitrogen bond cleavage reactions of the first monomeric .eta.1-hydrazido zirconocene complex, (Cp2Zr:NNPh2). A zirconium mediated synthesis of indoles (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneration, dative ligand trapping, and nitrogen-nitrogen bond cleavage reactions of the first monomeric .eta.1-hydrazido zirconocene complex, (Cp2Zr:NNPh2). A zirconium mediated synthesis of indolesPatrick J. Walsh, Michael J. Carney, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 16, 6343–6345Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00016a101https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00016a101research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views617Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts