gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physiological Responses of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, Biochar and Chemical Fertilizer Under Salinity Stress (2018)

This research work is conducted to evaluate the physiological responses of phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas sp.), biochar and N-fertilizer under salt stress. Biochar and fertilizer are mixed in soil (5:1) while Pseudomonas sp. is applied as seed soaking at 106 cells/ml prior to seed sowing. Salt stress with 150mM NaCl is applied for three days (3d) at three (3) leaf stage. The obtained results depicted significant effect of Pseudomonas sp. on root fresh weight and leaf area both under unstressed and salt stress conditions followed by biochar. Treatment with biochar and Pseudomonas sp. resulted in increased root fresh weight, leaf area, chlorophyll fluorescence and decreased osmotic potential by 60% particularly under salt stress. On the contrary, fertilizer treatment is found to be ineffective on seed germination (results not presented here), however increased chlorophyll content by 77%. Under salt stress, fertilizer treatment increased the osmotic potential of leaves. The combined treatments of fertilizer with Pseudomonas and biochar significantly increased root fresh weight, chlorophyll content and leaf area under salt stress. It is inferred that combined application of biochar and Pseudomonas can augment the effects of N-fertilizer on plants.
Equine post-breeding endometritis: A review (2008)

The deposition of semen, bacteria and debris in the uterus of the mare after breeding normally induces a self-limiting endometritis. The resultant fluid and inflammatory products are cleared by 48 hours post cover. Mares that are susceptible to persistent post-breeding endometritis (PPBEM) have impaired uterine defence and clearance mechanisms, making them unable to resolve this inflammation within the normal time. This persists beyond 48 hours post-breeding and causes persistent fluid accumulation within the uterus. Mares with PPBEM have an increased rate of embryonic loss and a lower overall pregnancy rate than those without the condition. To enhance conception rates, mares at high risk need optimal breeding management as well as early diagnosis, followed by the most appropriate treatment. This article reviews the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PPBEM and the management of affected mares.
Nanosecond Switching in Thin Magnetic Films (2000)

A special pulse equipment including a pulse-sampling oscilloscope with an over-all response time of 0.35 nanosecond (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−9</sup> sec) for the observation of the nanosecond flux change in thin permalloy films is described. Film switching signals as short as 1 nanosecond have been obtained and are discussed with respect to the underlying processes. Inverse switching time versus driving-field curves have been plotted for films of different thicknesses. They show that thinner films switch faster than thicker ones. The slopes of these curves have characteristic values in the nanosecond region of about 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> per oersted-second. Coherent rotation and oscillation of the magnetization have been clearly detected by picking up the flux change transverse to the driving field.
Complexation of divalent and trivalent nickel and copper ions by rigid and flexible dioxo tetraaza macrocycles (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplexation of divalent and trivalent nickel and copper ions by rigid and flexible dioxo tetraaza macrocyclesLuigi Fabbrizzi, Thomas A. Kaden, Angelo Perotti, Barbara Seghi, and Liselotte SiegfriedCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 3, 321–327Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00223a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00223a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structurally Tailored Organic−Inorganic Perovskites:  Optical Properties and Solution-Processed Channel Materials for Thin-Film Transistors (2001)

The structures, optical properties, and field-effect mobilities of three semiconducting m-fluorophenethylammonium-based (C6H4FC2H4NH3)2SnI4 perovskites (m = 2, 3, or 4) are reported and compared with the analogous measurements for the nonfluorosubstituted phenethylammonium system, (C6H5C2H4NH3)2SnI4. The (4-fluorophenethylammonium)2SnI4 system adopts a fully ordered monoclinic (P21/c) cell with the lattice parameters a = 16.653(2) Å, b = 8.6049(8) Å, c = 8.7551(8) Å, β = 98.644(2)°, and Z = 2. Both (3-fluorophenethylammonium)2SnI4 and (2-fluorophenethylammonium)2SnI4 are refined in a monoclinic (C2/c) subcell with the lattice parameters a = 34.593(4) Å, b = 6.0990(8) Å, c = 12.254(2) Å, β = 103.917(2)°, and Z = 4 and a = 35.070(3) Å, b = 6.1165(5) Å, c = 12.280(1) Å, β = 108.175(1)°, and Z = 4, respectively. Each hybrid structure consists of sheets of corner-sharing distorted SnI6 octahedra separated by bilayers of fluorophenethylammonium cations. The dominant low energy feature in the optical absorption spectra for spin-coated films of the new hybrids (an exciton band associated with the tin(II) iodide framework) shifts from 609 to 599 nm and 588 nm across the series m = 4 to 2 (the corresponding value for the phenethylammonium-based system is 609 nm). This shift in optical properties is primarily attributed to subtle structural modifications induced by the organic cation substitutions, including a progressive shift in Sn−I−Sn tilt angle between adjacent SnI6 octahedra from 156.375(8)° for the m = 4 structure to 154.16(3)° and 153.28(3)° (average) for the m = 3 and 2 structures, respectively. The corresponding angle in the previously reported phenethylammonium-based structure is 156.48° (average), very similar to the m = 4 value. Other potentially important structural modifications include the average Sn−I bond length and the degree of interaction between the substituted fluorine and the inorganic sheet. Saturation regime field-effect mobilities for thin-film field-effect transistors based on the new fluorophenethylammonium-based hybrids are similar to that previously observed in (phenethylammonium)2SnI4, typically ranging from ∼0.2 to 0.6 cm2 V-1 s-1, with the maximum currents in the devices decreasing across the series m = 4 to 2. The differences in transport properties can be attributed to the change in electronic structure, as well as to film morphology modification, brought about by the organic cation substitutions.
SocialBrowsing (2007)

In this paper we introduce SocialBrowsing, a Firefox extension that adds social context to the web browsing experience. The extension is paired with services provided by social networking websites, analyzes the page's contents, and adds tooltips and highlighting to indicate when there is relevant social information. We present an overview of the tool and implementation, and outline future steps for analysis.
Macrophages as accessory cells in the in vivo humoral immune response: from processing of particulate antigens to regulation by suppression. (1992)

The ability of macrophages to act as accessory cells for the antigen mediated stimulation of T lymphocytes has been unequivocally established in in vitro experiments. However, in vivo experiments are required to investigate whether the in vitro abilities of cells reflect their in vivo function. In order to study whether or not macrophages are required for the induction of antibody production in vivo, a liposome mediated macrophage elimination technique has been developed. Results obtained until now, have confirmed the role of macrophages in the induction of the antibody response against particulate antigens. However, macrophages are not required for the induction of the response against soluble antigens. Contrarily, in various organs they seem to regulate the latter response by suppression.
Metabolism of Sinapine in Mustard Plants. I. Degradation of Sinapine into Sinapic Acid & Choline (1963)

In 1825 Henry an(l Garot ( 5) isolated an alka- loidlal amine from black mustard seedls. This new natural product was namiied sinapine, an(l in 1897 Gadamer (4) propased its structure (fig Later studies (10, 11) showed that siniapine is wi(lelv (lis- tributedl among members of the family Cruciferae.
5‐Heteroaryl‐2‐thiophenecarboxylic acids: Oxazoles and oxadiazoles (1991)

Abstract The synthesis of novel thiophene‐2‐carboxylic acids bearing alkyl and aryl‐substituted oxazole and oxadiazole rings is reported. Sequential functionalization of the key precursor, 5‐formyl‐2‐thiophenecarboxylic acid furnished the intermediate carboxylic acid esters which were converted into desired acids by basic cleavage.
Video streaming with network coding and opportunistic relay in wireless mesh networks (2008)

Video streaming over wireless networks is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, we study the problem of multiple real-time video surveillance streaming over time-varying, error-prone wireless mesh networks (WMNs). The video streams are transmitted on the Internet through Internet Gateway (IGW). For better transmission, we propose a video streaming design by multiple flows gathering with opportunistic relay (OR) and network coding (NC): FORNEC. With meticulous design, FORNEC avoids multiple video streams aggregating around the most congested region of IGW. Further, with NC and OR, FORNEC provides robust packets forwarding with minimum loss rate to overall video streams.
Analysis of Decentralized Domestic Sewage Treatment Technologies and Facilities in Japan (2012)

Japan's domestic wastewater treatment works consists of the sewage treatment programs,the rural community wastewater treatment programs and the household(on-site) treatment programs.The rural community wastewater treatment programs and household treatment programs are implemented primarily for scarcely populated areas such as farm villages to provide services based on decentralized-type treatment systems for domestic wastewater.Historically,the sewage treatment programs focused primarily on the development of large-scale sewage systems in urban areas;however,in recent years,more effort has been put into the development of small-scale sewage systems in provincial towns and cities.Further,some lakes and inner bays have been experiencing an eutrophication problem in which their water quality has been deteriorating over a long period of time,and their situations have not yet been improved.As an effort to cope with these situations,advanced treatment technologies have been introduced into these decentralized domestic wastewater treatment systems.The technological trends in this area were analyzed based on the relevant data published in Japan.The results showed that the main technologies used in Japan could be categorized roughly into three types: ① the intermittent aeration activated sludge process;② the advanced oxidation ditch process;and ③ the membrane separation activated sludge process.All of these three types of processes,which combine a biological nitrogen removal process and a phosphorus removal process utilizing a coagulation sedimentation method,have been actively introduced into the rural community wastewater treatment programs.
Publisher’s Note: “Magnetic properties of heavily Mn-doped quaternary alloy ferromagnetic semiconductor (InGaMn)As grown on InP” [Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>83</b>, 2175 (2003)] (2003)

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Tunable Transmission Resonant Filter and Modulator With Vertical Gratings (2007)

Resonant filters in waveguides with vertical gratings have been realized on a silicon-on-insulator wafer. Two identical uniformly distributed Bragg reflectors with vertical gratings are separated by a quarter wavelength phase offset. Experimental studies show a broad stopband and a narrow transmission band which shifts with changing substrate temperature that is also illuminated by an external laser pump beam at 514-nm wavelength. Experimental results on a low-frequency thermal modulation using an external light source are also presented
Die Faser‐ und Fadenverstärkung von plastischen und spröden Matrixmaterialien (1972)

Abstract Die Festigkeit eines faserverstärkten Werkstoffs hängt vom Spannungs‐Dehnungs‐Verhalten beider Komponenten sowie vom Volumenanteil, der Orientierung und der Geometrie der Fasern ab. Für die Herstellung und Anwendung des Verbundwerkstoffs bei erhöhter Temperatur ist das chemische Reaktionsverhalten zwischen Faser und Matrix von Bedeutung. Gegebenenfalls muß durch eine Zwischenschicht eine zu starke Reaktion gehemmt bzw. die für optimale mechanische Eigenschaften erforderliche Bindung erhöht werden. Realisierbare Faserverbundwerkstoffe mit metallischer Matrix werden behandelt. Die Verstärkung von nichtmetallischen anorganischen Materialien Wirft aufgrund ihrer Sprödbrucheigenschaft erhebliche Probleme auf. Entwicklungstendenzen auf dem Gebiet der faserverstärkten Werkstoffe werden aufgezeigt.
Olf-1/Early B Cell Factor Is a Regulator ofglut4 Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes (2002)

A negative regulatory element in the 5'-flanking region of the murine glut4 gene mediates chronic insulin- and cAMP-induced repression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Previous work demonstrated that members of the nuclear factor 1 (NF1) family of transcription factors and an unidentified factor bind to and mediate repression from this regulatory element. By using a yeast one-hybrid screen, Olf-1/Early B cell factor (O/E-1) was isolated as a candidate for this unidentified factor. A protein complex from 3T3-L1 adipocyte nuclear extract that bound the negative regulatory element was recognized by O/E-specific antiserum, and binding activity was competed effectively by distinct O/E-binding sequences. O/E binding activity was also detected in nuclear extracts from insulin-responsive, GLUT4-expressing tissues including adipose, skeletal muscle, and heart. Mutations within the negative regulatory element that abolish binding of O/E proteins concomitantly blocked insulin-induced repression in reporter gene assays. These results suggest that one or more members of the O/E transcription factor family function as important regulators of glut4 gene expression and therefore may play a heretofore unanticipated role in glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling.
High Protein Lines and Chemical Constituent Pricing in Soybean (1988)

This study was conducted to compare the agronomic performance and chemical constituent value of experimental high protein soybean lines adapted to the Mid‐Atlantic area of the USA with currently grown cultivars. Eight relatively early maturing (Maturity Groups III and IV) and 23 relatively late maturing (Maturity Groups V and VI) high protein lines and current cultivars were evaluated for agronomic characters and seed protein and oil contents in four environments, utilizing conventional field plot and analytical techniques. Utilizing the formulae of Updaw and Nichols, oil, protein, and total discounts or premiums per bushel were determined for each line in each environment for deviations from the “standard soybean” of 35.86% protein and 18% oil at 13% moisture (41.2% protein and 20.7% oil on a dry weight basis), assuming values of soybean oil at 25 or 15 cents/lb and 44% meal at 7 cents/lb. High protein lines were quite satisfactory for plant lodging and height and seed quality and size. Seed of early and late maturing high protein lines ranged as high as 43% protein with 13 to 15% oil at 13% moisture (49.4% protein with 14.9 to 17.2% oil on a dry weight basis). Protein premiums were largely or completely eliminated by oil discounts for highest protein lines when oil is priced at 25 cents/lb; and 39 to 67% of protein premiums of 43% protein soybeans were erased by oil discounts when oil is priced at 15 cents/lb. Chemical constituent values and seed yields of high protein lines did not produce gross returns per acre above the gross returns per acre for currently grown cultivars.
Learning task-dependent distributed representations by backpropagation through structure (2002)

While neural networks are very successfully applied to the processing of fixed-length vectors and variable-length sequences, the current state of the art does not allow the efficient processing of structured objects of arbitrary shape (like logical terms, trees or graphs). We present a connectionist architecture together with a novel supervised learning scheme which is capable of solving inductive inference tasks on complex symbolic structures of arbitrary size. The most general structures that can be handled are labeled directed acyclic graphs. The major difference of our approach compared to others is that the structure-representations are exclusively tuned for the intended inference task. Our method is applied to tasks consisting in the classification of logical terms. These range from the detection of a certain subterm to the satisfaction of a specific unification pattern. Compared to previously known approaches we obtained superior results in that domain.
Asymmetric dimethylarginine correlates with measures of disease severity, major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease (2010)

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with major cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Abnormalities in nitric oxide metabolism due to excess of the NO synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) may be pathogenic in PAD. We explored the association between ADMA levels and markers of atherosclerosis, function, and prognosis. A total of 133 patients with symptomatic PAD were enrolled. Ankle-brachial index (ABI), walking time, vascular function measures (arterial compliance and flow-mediated vasodilatation) and plasma ADMA level were assessed for each patient at baseline. ADMA correlated inversely with ABI (r = -0.238, p = 0.003) and walking time (r = -0.255, p = 0.001), independent of other vascular risk factors. We followed up 125 (94%) of our 133 initial subjects with baseline measurements (mean 35 months). Subjects with ADMA levels in the highest quartile (> 0.84 mumol/l) showed a significantly greater occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) compared to those with ADMA levels in the lower three quartiles (p = 0.001). Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis revealed that ADMA was a significant predictor of MACE, independent of other risk factors including age, sex, blood pressure, smoking history, diabetes and ABI (hazard ratio = 5.1, p < 0.001). Measures of vascular function, such as compliance, flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMVD) and blood pressure, as well as markers of PAD severity, including ABI and walking time, were not predictive. In conclusion, circulating levels of ADMA correlate independently with measures of disease severity and major adverse cardiovascular events. Agents that target this pathway may be useful for this patient population. Clinical Trial Registration - URL: http:// www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00284076.
Simulation of XPS C1s Spectra of Organic Monolayers by Quantum Chemical Methods (2013)

Several simple methods are presented and evaluated to simulate the X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) of organic monolayers and polymeric layers by density functional theory (DFT) and second-order Møller-Plesset theory (MP2) in combination with a series of basis sets. The simulated carbon (C1s) XPS spectra as obtained via B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) or M11/6-311G(d,p) calculations are in good agreement (average mean error <0.3 eV) with the experimental spectra, and good estimates of C1s spectra can be obtained via E(C1s)(exp) = 0.9698EC1s(theory) + 20.34 (in eV) (B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)). As a result, the simulated C1s XPS spectra can elucidate the binding energies of the different carbon species within an organic layer and, in this way, greatly aid the assignment of complicated C1s XPS spectra. The paper gives a wide range of examples, including haloalkanes, esters, (thio-)ethers, leaving groups, clickable functionalities, and bioactive moieties.
Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Cord Blood and Induction of Differentiation by<i>Ex Vivo</i>Expansion (2005)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to possess the capacity to colonize vascular grafts and hold promise for therapeutic neovascularization. However, limited quantities of EPCs have been the major factor impeding effective research on vasculoangiogenesis. In this study, cytokine and culture conditions necessary for the provision of large quantities of endothelial cells (ECs) were investigated. Cord blood was collected from 18 normal full-term deliveries and CD34+ cells were isolated by MACS system (Miltenyi Biotech, Bergish-Gladbach, Germany). To evaluate the effect of cytokines, CD34+ cells were cultured with various cytokine combinations, such as stem cell factor (SCF), flt3-ligand (FL), and thrombopoietin (TPO) with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-1 beta , fibroblast growth factor-basic (FGF-b) as basic cytokines. The quantities of non-adherent and adherent cells were the greatest with SCF, FL and TPO. The addition of TPO to all other cytokines significantly increased the number of non-adherent and adherent cells (p< 0.05, Wilcoxon rank sum test). After four weeks of culture, adherent cells expressed endothelial specific markers such as KDR, CD31 and CD62E. Typical morphology of ECs was observed during culture, such as cord-like structure and cobblestone appearance, suggesting that the adherent cells were consistent with ECs. In this study, the experimental conditions that optimize the production of ECs for therapeutic neovascularization were described. And it was possibly suggested that TPO plays a major role in differentiation from EPCs to ECs.
Electrocapillary maximum and potential of zero charge of carbon aerogel (2010)

We present an electrochemical study of carbon aerogel (CA) in aqueous sodium fluoride solutions, focusing on the comparison of two quantities that are related to the potential of zero charge (pzc): the capacitance minimum and the 'electrocapillary maximum' of the surface forces. Capacitance minima are well resolved in our samples. Their potential emerges reproducibly as around 90 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl in KCl), similar to the value, 70 mV, of bulk glassy carbon which we use for comparison, and similar to previous reported pzc values for carbon materials. Significantly, no electrocapillary maximum is found in this potential range. This demonstrates that the pzc does not necessarily coincide with the potential of the maximum of surface stress. We also determined the area-specific capacitances, c(a) = 2.8 microF cm(-2), which agrees well with reports for the basal-plane of graphite single crystals. Our experiments yield large reversible strain amplitudes, up to 0.45%.