gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increase of $Q$-Factor of RF Magnetic Thin Film Inductor by Introducing Slit-Patterned Magnetic Thin Film and Multiline-Conductor Spiral Coil (2011)

In order to increase <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor of radio-frequency (RF) magnetic thin film inductor integrated in chip-size-package RF-ICs, two schemes have been investigated experimentally. For suppressing the in-plane eddy current of the magnetic thin film, a slit-patterned structure was introduced, and it was found that the slit-patterned magnetic thin film is very effective for increasing <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor. On the other hand, for suppressing alternating current (ac) copper loss, a multiline-conductor spiral coil was introduced, and it was found that the multiline coil is effective for improving decrease of inductance at high frequencies. By introducing the two schemes, a maximum <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor of 18 at 1.5 GHz was obtained in a spiral inductor with a bottom slit-patterned CoFeSiO/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> granular multilayer film and triple-line-conductor spiral coil.
Patterns of referral to the paediatric specialist clinic of a regional hospital: descriptive study. (2000)

Studying referral patterns from various sources is helpful in organising medical services and identifying training needs.
Optimization of cell permeabilization for multiparametric flow cytometric analysis: application for lectin staining. (2000)

International audience
The Ecology, Taxonomy, and Bionomics of Insects in the Grand Teton Area (1962)

Several hundred insect specimens were collected and identified to Order and Family, and most were also keyed to the correct Genus and Species. These specimens will be left at the Research Station to serve as a reference collection to aid in the identification of additional local material in the future. Several interesting specimens were found including tremendous numbers of Mud-loving Beetles (Heterocerus) in certain mud-banks, two common kinds of Crawling Water Beetles (Haliplus) in almost every pond, an unusual caddis-fly larva of Family Hydroptilidae, and many interesting kinds of Coleoptera and Diptera larvae. Part of the study involved a cooperative program with Dr. Clarke involving collection and identification of insects from a series of beaver ponds in the Third Creek area. Project Number 117.
Low inductance 2.5kV packaging technology for SiC switches (2016)

The switching speed of power semiconductors has reached levels where conventional semiconductors packages limit the achievable performance due to relatively high parasitic inductance and capacitance. This paper presents a novel packaging structure which employs stacked substrate and flexible printed circuit board (PCB) to obtain very low parasitic inductance and hence feature high switching speed SiC power devices. A half-bridge module aimed at blocking voltage up to 2.5kV has been designed to ac¬commodate 8 SiC JFETs and 4 SiC diodes. Electromagnetic simulation results reveal extremely low in¬ductance values of the major loops. Due to delay delivery of those custom ordered substrate and PCB, the prototyping samples of the designed module have yet been constructed. The up to date results including experimental construction, electrical and thermal performance of the samples will be presented at the conference.
Synthesis of new acylhydrazones as iron-chelating compounds (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of new acylhydrazones as iron-chelating compoundsJohn T. Edward, Mario Gauthier, Francis L. Chubb, and Premysl PonkaCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1988, 33, 4, 538–540Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00054a044https://doi.org/10.1021/je00054a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views745Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Applications of precise time in electrical transmission and distribution systems (1992)

An electrical power transmission and distribution system can spread over many square kilometres. For stable and efficient operation, all nodes of the system are required to operate at the same frequency (50 or 60 Hz dependent upon the country) and must be held in synchronism with each other. However, dependent upon the electrical parameters of a circuit connecting two nodes (buses) many kilometres apart and on the instantaneous energy transfer, the peak voltage at the sending end can occur several milliseconds before the peak at the receiving end: a phasor difference of up to 40 degrees can exist between the ends. The measurement of this phasor difference can be helpful in determining the state of the power system at any instant. It can be achieved by using a common time reference from the GPS. Another application of a precise time signal is in location of faults within a circuit. A short circuit on an overhead transmission/distribution line or cable will propagate a surge in each direction along the circuit which can be detected at monitoring points (usually located in a substation). By recording and timing the receipt of this surge with sufficient accuracy, its initiating position can be estimated. The authors describe these applications of precise timing in more detail. >
An Examination of Factors that Motivate Students (2010)

Motivation is the subject of constant discussion among language professionals and is difficult to define as it is an abstract concept and has many different meanings and interpretations. It is the mystery force that is often the key to success in any of our classrooms. As Scheidecker and Freeman state, “The real problem with motivation, of course, is that everyone is looking for a single and simple answer...Unfortunately, and realistically, motivating students yesterday, today, and tomorrow will never be a singular or simplistic process.” (Scheidecker and Freeman, 117) Often times these answers are sought independent of their source: the students themselves. With that in mind, a study was conducted in December of 2009 with over 200 students at Asia University of varying class years and majors, on the subject of what motivates them.
Preliminary Evaluation of a Fixed Dose of Zwitterionic Piperazine (TVZ-7) in Clinical Cancer (1997)

One of the zwitterion buffers that has shown significant therapeutic value in the treatment of pain due to cancer, immunologically mediated diseases, and the pain associated with these conditions is in the class of N-substituted amino-sulfonic acids known as "Good Buffers." Zwitterion molecules have neither a negative nor a positive charge; thus, they are neutral. 4-(2 Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethane sulfonic acid has been used for several decades in artificial biological systems (tissue culture) as a buffer. We have been exploring the therapeutic value of these zwitterionic buffers. Pilot animal studies have demonstrated that zwitterionic piperazine increases bone marrow hypercellularity and induces extramedullary hematopoiesis. We report the initial human use to explore dose toxic and physiologic effects of a fixed dose of the zwitterionic piperazine molecule. There appears to be potential therapeutic value in the treatment of pain due to cancer, and there are preliminary indications that tumor activity and tumor size are reduced. Immunologically mediated diseases may also be affected. Toxicity is low and there appear to be minimal side effects.
Enzymes used in detergents: Lipases (2010)

Microbial lipases are an important group of biotechnologically valuable enzymes, because of the versatility of their applied properties and ease of mass production. Lipases of microbial origin are widely diversified in their enzymatic properties and substrate specificity, which make them very attractive for industrial applications. This review describes the applications of microbial lipases in detergents. Enzymes can reduce the environmental load of detergent products as the chemicals used in conventional detergents are reduced; they are biodegradable, non-toxic and leave no harmful residues. Besides lipases, other enzymes are widely used in household cleaning products, in laundering, medical, agriculture, etc. This article also reviews the use of enzymes, especially lipases as detergents and different types of lipase containing detergents available in the market. Key words : Detergents, enzymes, lipases.
Web hunting (1999)

article Free Access Share on Web hunting: design of a simple intelligent Web search agent Author: G. Michael Youngblood View Profile Authors Info & Claims XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for StudentsVolume 5Issue 4June 1999 pp 26–32https://doi.org/10.1145/331648.331661Online:01 June 1999Publication History 8citation283DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads283Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks14 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Shrinking Economies, Growing Global Markets for Land (2014)

Soaring income inequality and unemployment, expanding populations of the displaced and imprisoned, accelerating destruction of land and water bodies: today's socioeconomic and environmental dislocations cannot be fully understood in the usual terms of poverty and injustice. They are more accurately understood as a type of expulsion—from professional livelihood, from living space, even from the very biosphere that makes life possible. This excerpt from Expulsions: Brutality and Complexity in the Global Economy (2013)—republished here with the generous permission of Harvard UP—complicates understandings of Global North and South by exposing a system with devastating consequences even for those who think they are not vulnerable. The complex types of knowledge and technology we have come to admire are used too often in ways that produce elementary brutalities. These have evolved into predatory formations—assemblages of knowledge, interests, and outcomes that go beyond a firm's or an individual's or a government's project. This essay illuminates the systemic logic of these expulsions, laying bare the extent to which the sheer complexity of the global economy makes it hard to trace lines of responsibility for the displacements, evictions, and eradications it produces—and equally hard for those who benefit from the system to feel responsible for its depredations.
MOMBE growth of heavily carbon-doped n-type InP using tertiarybutylphosphine (TBP) (2002)

Heavily carbon-doped n-type InP was grown by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy (MOMBE) using elemental In and tertiarybutylphosphine (TBP). In this study, TBP was employed as both phosphorus and carbon source, and carbon-doping characteristics in MOMBE growth of InP using TBP were discussed for the first time. The electron concentration of carbon-doped InP could be controlled in three orders of magnitude (n=10/sup 16//spl sim/10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/) by varying the growth temperature and TBP cracking temperature. As the TBP cracking temperature increases, electron concentration was increased and also showed less dependence on growth temperature. This indicates that the overall carbon incorporation in InP may be dominated by the more atomic-like carbon-containing species of the cracked TBP. In addition, the lattice location of carbon impurity atom in InP was estimated for the first time by the observation of a gap mode using Raman scattering spectroscopy. The observed peak at 225 cm/sup -1/ corresponds to a gap mode due to carbon impurity substituted on In lattice site in InP and shows a good agreement with the theoretical value. This is direct evidence that carbon from TBP is incorporated on In lattice site and acts as a donor in InP.
A GNSS Antenna With a Polarization Selective Surface for the Mitigation of Low-Angle Multipath Interference (2015)

This paper presents a nonresonant polarization selective surface (PSS) to address the problem of multipath distortion in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antennas. The study of the radiated fields of a circular patch antenna reveals that surface wave (SW) radiation on the edges is not the major source of a high axial ratio (AR) at grazing angles, which opposes presently accepted theory. It is shown that the AR problem originates in the different θ dependence of the intrinsic field components E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">θ</sub> and E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">φ</sub> . The use of a three-layer-tapered FSS in close proximity to the patch modifies Eθ and results in an acceptable AR for angles close to 90°. An AR better than 2 dB is achieved at angles beyond the horizon (θ = 90°) and in all planes at the GPS L1 frequency band (f = 1.575 GHz). This solution outperforms the techniques in literature in terms of profile, diameter, performance, and simplicity.
A general method for the consecutive integration of single copies of a heterologous gene at multiple locations in the Bacillus subtilis chromosome by replacement recombination (1995)

We have devised a two-step procedure by which multiple copies of a heterologous gene can be consecutively integrated into the Bacillus subtilis 168 chromosome without the simultaneous integration of markers (antibiotic resistance). The procedure employs the high level of transformability of B. subtilis 168 strains and makes use of the observation that thymine-auxotrophic mutants of B. subtilis are resistant to the folic acid antagonist trimethoprim (Tmpr), whereas thymine prototrophs are sensitive. First, a thymine-auxotrophic B. subtilis mutant is transformed to prototrophy by integration of a thymidylate synthetase-encoding gene at the desired chromosomal locus. In a second step, the mutant strain is transformed with a DNA fragment carrying the heterologous gene and Tmpr colonies are selected. Approximately 5% of these appear to be thymine auxotrophic and contain a single copy of the heterologous gene at the chromosomal locus previously carrying the thymidylate synthetase-encoding gene. Repetition of the procedure at different locations on the bacterial chromosome allows the isolation of strains carrying multiple copies of the heterologous gene. The method was used to construct B. subtilis strains carrying one, two, and three copies of the Bacillus stearothermophilus branching enzyme gene (glgB) in their genomes.
Stimulus-secretion coupling in the developing exocrine pancreas: secretory responsiveness to cholecystokinin. (1986)

We have studied the onset of secretory responsiveness to cholecystokinin (CCK) during development of the rat exocrine pancreas. Although acinar cells of the fetal pancreas (1 d before birth) are filled with zymogen granules containing the secretory protein, alpha-amylase, the rate of amylase secretion from pancreatic lobules incubated in vitro was not increased in response to CCK. In contrast, the rate of CCK-stimulated amylase discharge from the neonatal pancreas (1 d after birth) was increased four- to eightfold above that of the fetal gland. The postnatal amplification of secretory responsiveness was not associated with an increase in the number or cell surface expression of 125I-CCK binding sites. When 125I-CCK-33 binding proteins were analyzed by affinity crosslinking, two proteins of Mr 210,000 and 100,000-160,000 were labeled specifically in both fetal and neonatal pancreas. To determine if cell surface receptors for CCK in the fetal pancreas are functional and able to generate a rise in the cytosolic [Ca++], we measured 45Ca++ efflux from tracer-loaded lobules. 45Ca++ efflux from both fetal and neonatal pancreas was comparably increased by CCK, indicating CCK-induced Ca++ mobilization and elevated cytosolic [Ca++]. The Ca++ ionophore A23187 also stimulated the rate of 45Ca++ extrusion from pancreas of both ages. Increased amylase secretion occurred concurrently with A23187-stimulated 45Ca++ efflux in neonatal pancreas, but not in the fetal gland. A23187 in combination with dibutyryl cAMP potentiated amylase release from the neonatal gland, but not from fetal pancreas. Similarly, the protein kinase C activator, phorbol dibutyrate, did not increase the rate of secretion from the fetal gland when added alone or in combination with A23187 or CCK. We suggest that CCK-receptor interaction in the fetal pancreas triggers intracellular Ca++ mobilization. However, one or more signal transduction events distal to Ca++ mobilization have not yet matured. The onset of secretory response to CCK that occurs postnatally may depend on amplification of these transduction events.
Inverse bi-scale material design (2013)

One major shortcoming of existing bi-scale material design systems is the lack of support for inverse design: there is no way to directly edit the large-scale appearance and then rapidly solve for the small-scale details that approximate that look. Prior work is either too slow to provide quick feedback, or limited in the types of small-scale details that can be handled. We present a novel computational framework for inverse bi-scale material design. The key idea is to convert the challenging inverse appearance computation into efficient search in two precomputed large libraries: one including a wide range of measured and analytical materials, and the other procedurally generated and height-map-based geometries. We demonstrate a variety of editing operations, including finding visually equivalent details that produce similar large-scale appearance, which can be useful in applications such as physical fabrication of materials.
Modelling the spread of <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> in module‐raised brassica transplants (2006)

A series of experiments was performed to quantify the rate of dispersal of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in module‐raised brassica transplants, in a simulated commercial plant‐raising system. Seeds were sown in ‘308’ module seed trays and set out in blocks in the glasshouse. Primary inoculum was introduced as inoculated seeds sown in one or more cells. Trays were watered via an overhead‐gantry irrigation system, hand‐watered or capillary‐watered. Disease symptoms were monitored visually and the presence of the pathogen on samples of plants was monitored by leaf washing, dilution and plating on selective medium. Spread of symptoms was greatest in the gantry‐watered trays, was very limited in hand‐watered trays and was almost non‐existent in capillary‐watered trays. Dispersal of bacteria followed a similar pattern, but the proportion of plants contaminated was much greater than the proportion showing symptoms, and approached 100% after six weeks in the gantry‐watered trays within 50 plants distance from a single primary infector. Models relating the proportion of plants with symptoms, or contaminated, to the distance from primary infector and time since sowing were fitted to the data. Predictions of the proportions of plants contaminated in commercial‐scale blocks of transplants suggested that high levels of disease in the field could be explained by rapid rates of pathogen spread during plant‐raising, and that the widely‐used tolerance standard for seed health testing (0·01%) should be revised to 0·004%. In addition to seed health testing, control should focus on raising transplants under conditions that minimise the rates of disease spread and pathogen dispersal.
Stabilization of Amorphous Calcium Carbonate in Inorganic Silica-Rich Environments (2010)

In biomineralization, living organisms carefully control the crystallization of calcium carbonate to create functional materials and thereby often take advantage of polymorphism by stabilizing a specific phase that is most suitable for a given demand. In particular, the lifetime of usually transient amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) seems to be thoroughly regulated by the organic matrix, so as to use it either as an intermediate storage depot or directly as a structural element in a permanently stable state. In the present study, we show that the temporal stability of ACC can be influenced in a deliberate manner also in much simpler purely abiotic systems. To illustrate this, we have monitored the progress of calcium carbonate precipitation at high pH from solutions containing different amounts of sodium silicate. It was found that growing ACC particles provoke spontaneous polymerization of silica in their vicinity, which is proposed to result from a local decrease of pH nearby the surface. This leads to the deposition of hydrated amorphous silica layers on the ACC grains, which arrest growth and alter the size of the particles. Depending on the silica concentration, these skins have different thicknesses and exhibit distinct degrees of porosity, therefore impeding to varying extents the dissolution of ACC and energetically favored transformation to calcite. Under the given conditions, crystallization of calcium carbonate was slowed down over tunable periods or completely prevented on time scales of years, even when ACC coexisted side by side with calcite in solution.
Enhancing the Performance of the Rechargeable Iron Electrode in Alkaline Batteries with Bismuth Oxide and Iron Sulfide Additives (2013)

Iron-based alkaline rechargeable batteries have the potential of meeting the needs of large-scale electrical energy storage because of their low-cost, robustness and eco-friendliness. However, the widespread commercial deployment of iron-based batteries has been limited by the low charging efficiency and the poor discharge rate capability of the iron electrode. In this study, we have demonstrated iron electrodes containing bismuth oxide and iron sulfide with a charging efficiency of 92% and capable of being discharged at the 3C rate. Such a high value of charging efficiency combined with the ability to discharge at high rates is being reported for the first time. The bismuth oxide additive led to the in situ formation of elemental bismuth and a consequent increase in the overpotential for the hydrogen evolution reaction leading to an increase in the charging efficiency. We observed that the sulfide ions added to the electrolyte and iron sulfide added to the electrode mitigated electrode passivation and allowed for continuous discharge at high rates. At the 3C discharge rate, a utilization of 0.2 Ah/g was achieved. The performance level of the rechargeable iron electrode demonstrated here is attractive for designing economically-viable large-scale energy storage systems based on alkaline nickel-iron and iron-air batteries.