gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molten salt oxidation as an alternative to incineration (1992)

Molten Salt Oxidation was originally developed by Rockwell International as part of their coal gasification, and nuclear-and hazardous-waste treatment programs. Single-stage oxidation units employing molten carbonate salt mixtures were found to process up to one ton/day of common solid and liquid wastes (such as paper, rags, plastics, and solvents), and (in larger units) up to one ton/hour of coal. After the oxidation of coal with excess oxygen, coal ash residuals (alumina-silicates) were found adhering to the vessel walls above the liquid level. The phenomenon was not observed with coal gasification-i.e., under oxygen-deficient conditions. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is developing a two-stage/two-vessel approach as a possible means of extending the utility of the process to wastes which contain high concentrations of alumina-silicates in the form of soils or clays, or high concentrations of nitrates including low-level and transuranic wastes. The first stage operates under oxygen-deficient (``pyrolysis``) conditions; the second stage completes oxidation of the evolved gases. The process allows complete oxidation of the organic materials without an open flame. In addition, all acidic gases that would be generated in incinerators are directly metathesized via the molten Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} to form stable salts (NaCl, Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} etc.). Molten saltmore » oxidation therefore avoids the corrosion problems associated with free HCl in incineration. The process is being developed to use pure O{sub 2} feeds in lieu of air, in order to reduce offgas volume and retain the option of closed system operation. In addition, ash is wetted and retained in the melt of the first vessel which must be replaced (continuously or batch-wise). The LLNL Molten Salt unit is described together with the initial operating data.« less
STUDIES ON SPERM CAPACITATION (1973)

Summary. During incubation of guinea-pig spermatozoa in Ca-free Krebs—Ringer phosphate buffer, substances were released into the medium which were subsequently separated on Sephadex G-200 into two major fractions, Fr. I and Fr. II. The macromolecular Fr. I increased with sperm maturation and the fraction was shown to possess four different antigens. The amount of Fr. I. released from spermatozoa during incubation in the uterus was apparently influenced by the hormonal environment of the female reproductive tract. The fraction showed decapacitating activity, and decapacitated spermatozoa treated with Fr. I were capable of recapacitation after a second uterine incubation period. It was concluded that Fr. I was the decapacitation factor in guinea-pig semen.
Enhancing effects of oral adjuvants on anti-HBs responses induced by hepatitis B vaccine. (1988)

Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine is very promising for the prevention of HB infection. There exist, however, some non-responders to current vaccination trials. In this study, taurine, parotin and lithium were selected as adjuvants which can be administered orally. The mechanisms of these three materials as adjuvants and their effects on HB vaccine were investigated in mice. For instance, taurine induced polyclonal antibody production and exhibited adjuvant activity. Although taurine did not have any activity on the proliferation of thymocytes nor stimulate IL-2 production, taurine did induce IL-1 production by macrophages. It was considered that taurine-induced IL-1 would play an essential role in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Parotin also induced polyclonal antibody production and exhibited adjuvant activity. These effects of parotin were not affected even if macrophages or T cells were depleted, and parotin itself had an IL-1-like activity. Therefore, it was considered that parotin acted directly on B cells by its IL-1-like activity and mitogenic activity, resulting in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Lithium induced neither polyclonal antibody production, nor IL-1 or IL-2 production. However, when given with an antigen, lithium activated the humoral immune system, resulting in the augmentation of antibody production. Oral administration of taurine, parotin and lithium were capable of restoring antibody responses to HB surface antigen (HBsAg) in HBsAg-nonresponder mice. Furthermore, taurine, parotin and lithium enhanced the adjuvant effects of aluminium contained in the present HB vaccine. These observations indicate that use of these oral adjuvants may open new perspectives in the field of human HB vaccination.
Increase in fatty acid synthetase content of 3T3-L cells undergoing spontaneous and chemically induced differentiation to adipocytes (1979)

3T3-L fibroblasts differentiate into adipose cells when maintained in a non-growing state. The specific activity of fatty acid synthetase of differentiated cells was 25--30-fold higher than that present in 3T3-L fibroblasts or in 3T3-C2 cells that possess an extremely low incidence of differentiation to adipocytes. The results of immunochemical analysis indicate that the increased specific activity of fatty acid synthetase in the differentiated cells is due to an increase in the cellular content of this enzyme. The rate of conversion of adipose cells was accelerated by brief exposure of confluent non-growing cultures of 3T3-L cells to 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. This was accompanied by an increase in the specificity activity of fatty acid synthetase, which was also shown to be due to an increase in the cellular content of this enzyme. The continuous presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine in the culture medium was not required to elicit the morphological and biochemical changes in 3T3-L cells that occurred many days after the removal of the inducer but earlier than the onset of spontanous differentiation.
T Cell Function In Vitro Is An Independent Progression Marker For Aids In Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Asymptomatic Subjects (1995)

The predictive value of low T cell reactivity to CD3 monoclonal antibodies for development of AIDS was evaluated and compared with low CD4+ cell numbers and the presence of syncytium-inducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) variants in 122 seropositive asymptomatic homosexual men for 4.5 years. Low T cell reactivity was a strong predictor for progression to AIDS in a multivariate proportional hazards analysis using these markers as covariates at entry and as time-dependent covariates. The combination of the three markers was associated with development of AIDS in 6 of 7 men within 15 months. In contrast, the group that lacked any of these markers had a very low risk (11%) for developing AIDS. In groups with one or two of these three markers, progression rates were 33% and 66%, respectively. These data demonstrate that measurement of T cell function in vitro is of value for staging of HIV infection and may be useful for monitoring therapy.
In Situ Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopic Studies of the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonia Borane in Solution (2008)

Looking to the future: The decomposition in solution of a potential hydrogen-storage compound, ammonia borane (AB), was investigated by in situ 11B NMR spectroscopy and ex situ 15N NMR spectroscopy. The reaction was found to be second order in AB with an activation barrier of (25±2) kcal mol−1. The second-order kinetics have implications for the use of solutions containing AB in high concentrations for hydrogen storage. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z802100_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Randomized Phase II Trial of All-<i>Trans</i>-Retinoic Acid With Chemotherapy Based on Paclitaxel and Cisplatin As First-Line Treatment in Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2010)

Adding ATRA to chemotherapy could increase RR and PFS in patients with advanced NSCLC with an acceptable toxicity profile. A phase III clinical trial is warranted to confirm these findings.
Small Electric Motors (1998)

This book covers the various function principles of small motors, including rotating field machines, commutator machines, recent developments in the use of electronics in motors and the relationship between the motor and its driven load.
Progress toward therapeutic application of interferons, 1979–1983 (1984)

Interferons differ chemically and biologically from other modalities of cancer treatment. They are proteins that inhibit viral replication, influence subcellular processes, slow cellular proliferation, affect cell differentiation, and modulate immune responses. These regulatory effects on cell function undoubtedly underlie the effects of interferons in malignant disease. As a result of efforts by academia, industry, governments, and organizations such as the American Cancer Society, significant progress has been made over the past 5 years in elucidating structure, improving production, and defining clinical applications of interferons for both virus and malignant disease.
40 Gb/s Pol-mux RZ-DQPSK transmission with electric dispersion compensation (2010)

Polarization-multiplexed DQPSK signals were implemented with high-speed and precise optical polarization compensation. In this paper we analyze the performance of MLSE combined with FFE receivers in reducing the CD and PMD. We investigate equalization over buried fibers having CD up to 3200 ps/nm, PMD up to 45 ps. This equals a distance beyond 200 km and thus increases the uncompensated transmission distance in applications like metro networks.
Towards a Service Lifecycle Based Methodology for Risk Assessment in Cloud Computing (2011)

The principles of risk management have been introduced in grid computing to help document and anticipate certain risks and manage them to ensure job executions are successful. Clouds are more complex environments with further concerns like risk, trust, eco-efficiency, green, security or cost. In this paper we present ongoing research work to analyze and address the risk factor in clouds with the aim of optimizing cloud services. The main contribution of this work is the presentation of a methodology for performing risk assessment in cloud environments including the target use cases, risk identification, mitigation and monitoring. Together with the corresponding mitigation strategies, the methodology provides technological assurance that will lead to a high confidence of Cloud service consumers on one side, and a cost effective and reliable productivity of cloud Service/Infrastructure Providers on the other side. The design of the risk assessment framework and its software toolkit implementation are part of the research and development work of the OPTIMIS (Optimized Infrastructure Services) project whose objective is to enable an open and dependable Cloud Service Ecosystem that delivers IT services that are adaptable, reliable, auditable and sustainable both ecologically and economically. The paper presents some preliminary results on the risk assessment of a Service/Infrastructure Provider at the cloud service deployment stage.
GC-Rich DNA Elements Enable Replication Origin Activity in the Methylotrophic Yeast Pichia pastoris (2014)

The well-studied DNA replication origins of the model budding and fission yeasts are A/T-rich elements. However, unlike their yeast counterparts, both plant and metazoan origins are G/C-rich and are associated with transcription start sites. Here we show that an industrially important methylotrophic budding yeast, Pichia pastoris, simultaneously employs at least two types of replication origins--a G/C-rich type associated with transcription start sites and an A/T-rich type more reminiscent of typical budding and fission yeast origins. We used a suite of massively parallel sequencing tools to map and dissect P. pastoris origins comprehensively, to measure their replication dynamics, and to assay the global positioning of nucleosomes across the genome. Our results suggest that some functional overlap exists between promoter sequences and G/C-rich replication origins in P. pastoris and imply an evolutionary bifurcation of the modes of replication initiation.
Design of high speed pulse data acquisition system based on FPGA and USB (2011)

This paper introduces a kind of high-speed real-time information collection system based on FPGA and USB. Through the software and hardware technology, the system uses the combination of EP2C8Q208C8FPGA chip of Cyclone II series, FT245BM type fast USB communication interface chip of FTDI company and HK-2000 G pulse transducer. The system realizes the collection of pulse signal, and the real-time data's storage and the show of pulse wave on PC. According to the change of the pulse condition, doctors will know better about the health condition of human body and it's beneficial to analysis the cause.
Microchannelled hydroxyapatite components by sequential freeze drying and free pressureless spark plasma sintering (2012)

Novel freeze drying, free pressureless spark plasma sintering (FPSPS) processing sequence is developed for the production of hydroxyapatite (HAP) based microchannelled structures. The processed specimens are characterised by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, porosity measurements and compressive tests. The compressive strength is different for different loading orientations. The compressive strength is higher in the loading direction parallel to the channel direction than the compressive strength in the loading direction perpendicular to the channel direction. Manipulation of freeze drying and FPSPS conditions should thereby enable the optimisation of the final properties of the processed porous HAP based microchannelled structures.
IL15 Trispecific Killer Engagers (TriKE) Make Natural Killer Cells Specific to CD33+ Targets While Also Inducing Persistence, <i>In Vivo</i> Expansion, and Enhanced Function (2016)

Off-the-shelf 161533 TriKE imparts antigen specificity and promotes in vivo persistence, activation, and survival of NK cells. These qualities are ideal for NK cell therapy of myeloid malignancies or targeting antigens of solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3440-50. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Talmadge, p. 3419.
Briquetting of Coal Fines and Sawdust Part I: Binder and Briquetting-Parameters Evaluations (2009)

Various technical and economic aspects relating to the briquetting of fine coal with sawdust have been evaluated with the results for two segments of that study presented here: binder and briquetting-parameter evaluations. Approximately 50 potential binder formulations were subjected to a series of screening evaluations to identify three formulations that were the most cost effective for briquetting fine coal with sawdust. Two of the binders, guar gum and wheat starch, were selected as most suitable for the pulverized coal market while the third formulation, lignosulfonate/lime, was targeted for the stoker market. Following binder selection, a number of briquetting parameters including binder and sawdust concentration, sawdust type, briquetting pressure and dwell time, coal and sawdust particle size, clay content, moisture content, and cure temperature and cure time were evaluated. Briquetting pressure and dwell time have the least impact while binder and sawdust concentrations, sawdust type, and curing conditions exerted the greatest influence on briquette quality.
In vitro three-stage continuous fermentation of gluco-oligosaccharides produced by Gluconobacter oxydans NCIMB 4943 by the human colonic microflora. (2006)

Gluco-oligosaccharides produced by Gluconobacter oxydans NCIMB 4943 from maltodextrin as the source, were evaluated for their fermentability by the human colonic microflora. The selectivity of growth of desirable bacteria in the human colon was studied in a three-stage continuous model of the human large intestine. Populations of bacteria, and their fluctuations as a response to the fermentation, were enumerated using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The gluco-oligosaccharides resulted in increases in numbers of bifidobacteria and the Lactobacillus/Enterococcus group in all 3 vessels of the system, representing the proximal, transverse and distal colonic areas. The prebiotic indices of the gluco-oligosaccharides were 2.29, 4.23 and 2.74 in V1, V2 and V3 respectively.
New results for nonstoichiometric InP grown by low temperature MBE (2002)

We report the first observation of lattice contraction in nonstoichiometric InP grown by low temperature MBE. The lattice contraction is caused by P antisite defects, that is the smaller P atom occupying a group III lattice site that the larger In atom would normally occupy. We have studied the MBE growth of InP over a temperature range from 150-350C. We show that there is a narrow range of growth temperatures where crystalline InP can be grown with a measurable amount of excess P. The InP layers grown below this temperature range will incorporate very large amounts of excess P and become amorphous, while InP layers grown above this temperature range will not have measurable amounts of excess P. The as-grown InP is very conducting because the P antisite behaves as a shallow donor. Our TEM images of annealed crystalline nonstoichiometric InP show that P precipitates are formed. As the P precipitates are formed, the conductivity decreases. The crystalline nonstoichiometric InP behaves analogously to low temperature grown GaAs. However, for the amorphous InP samples grown at lower growth temperatures the conductivity increases with anneal. The different growth regimes that we describe in this paper may help to explain the varied results obtained in previous reports on LT InP.
NEWSCRIPTS (1985)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTNEWSCRIPTSK. M. REESECite this: Chem. Eng. News 1985, 63, 4, 56Publication Date (Print):January 28, 1985Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 28 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v063n004.p056https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v063n004.p056newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1985 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views5Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Liquids,Manufacturing Get e-Alerts
A Study on an Oscillating-plate Viscometer for Instantaneous and Simultaneous Measurements of the Viscosity of Melts and the Noise with their Chemical Reactions (1984)

In order to understand various phenomena in the metallurgical processes, a new oscillating-plate viscometer using a non-contact electro-optical system connected with a signal separator has been made on an experimental basis.The apparatus allows us not only to give instantaneous and continuous indications of the product of density and viscosity (ρμ) of a liquid being in a state of unsteady flow with fair accuracy, but also to make simultaneous measurements of ρμ and noise during chemical reaction.It is expected that the data obtained experimentally on the changes in viscosity and noise with slag/metal reactions may provide us any useful information about a degree of chemical reactions and dynamical behaviour of the reaction products.
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells express the neural ganglioside GD2: a novel surface marker for the identification of MSCs (2007)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have enormous potential for the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and other tissues derived from primitive mesoderm. Despite extensive research, there is still no single marker that reliably identifies MSCs within the bone marrow. Using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, we demonstrate here that the neural ganglioside GD2 is expressed by MSCs either newly isolated from bone marrow or expanded in tissue culture; this finding was supported by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showing expression of the mRNA for GD2 synthase, an essential enzyme for GD2 biosynthesis. GD2 was also expressed on MSCs isolated from adipose tissue, but not on foreskin fibroblasts. Importantly, MSCs were the only cells within normal marrow that expressed this marker. Thus, GD2 appears to be the first reported single surface marker that uniquely distinguishes MSCs from other marrow elements. GD2 may prove valuable to study MSC biology and for the preparation of MSCs for clinical applications.
In Vitro Lining of Fibronectin coated PTFE Grafts with Cryopreserved Saphenous Vein Endothelial Cells (1987)

In an attempt to produce instant endothelial cell (EC) monolayers on graft surfaces, cryopreserved cultivated human saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVEC) were cultivated on reinforced PTFE prostheses. The graft surface was precoated with 40 micrograms/ml human fibronectin (HFN) prior to seeding with 200 x 10(3) EC/cm2. The seeding procedure was performed in a specially designed rotation device. After a cultivation period of 9 days, the seeded endothelial cells on the PTFE prostheses were exposed to shear stresses in a perfusion circuit, containing a bubble oxygenator, a roller pump and a tygon perfusion loop. The applied shear forces were 3 and 6 dyn/cm2, respectively. In control grafts, spontaneous cell detachment occurred from day 11 onwards and only 50% of the graft surface remained endothelialized on day 16. When the grafts were exposed to 3 dyn/cm2 only small cell-free areas less than 1000 micron in diameter were found after 4 hours of perfusion. In contrast, exposure to 6 dyn/cm2 produced discouraging results: as early as 4 hours after the onset of perfusion 50% of the graft surface was cell free. After 16 hours only 20% endothelial cell coverage was seen under the stereo microscope. However, assuming that an ideal precoating substratum can be found, the two stage technique of in vitro endothelialization of vascular grafts with autologous endothelial cells may offer a promising clinical method. Moreover, the fact that our grafts were lined with cryopreserved EC implies the possible prospect of cell banks supplying unlimited numbers of EC for subsequent bypass operations.
Persian Folksong in Meshhed (Iran), 1969 (1974)

This paper offers a brief survey of important genres of folksong in the Persian language, as presently cultivated in Khorasan (the large province in northeastern Iran). The ten transcriptions discussed in the body of the paper represent portions of a large collection of Khorasani folksong made in 1969 in and around Meshhed, a city of over 400,000 persons, and Bojnurd, a smaller town with perhaps 40,000 inhabitants. As indicated in the annotations following each transcription, several of the singers recorded and interviewed in Meshhed and Bojnurd had come to these communities from other towns and villages in Khorasan and Sistan (the province immediately south of Khorasan). The repertoire of Persian folksong performed in a single community generally encompasses a variety of genres, some of which carry specific regional associations, easily (though sometimes differently) identified by singers and listeners.