gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Template detection for large scale search engines (2006)

Templates in web sites hurt search engine retrieval performance, especially in content relevance and link analysis. Current template removal methods suffer from processing speed and scalability when dealing with large volume web pages. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage template detection method, which combines template detection and removal with the index building process of a search engine. First, web pages are segmented into blocks and blocks are clustered according to their style features. Second, similar contents sharing the common layout style are detected during the index building process. The blocks with similar layout style and content are identified as templates and deleted. Our experiment on eight popular web sites shows that our method achieves 20-40% faster than shingle and SST methods with close accuracy.
Genetic Variants in IL-23R and ATG16L1 Independently Predispose to Increased Susceptibility to Crohn's Disease in a Canadian Population (2009)

We confirm the association of CD with variants in the IL-23R and ATG16L1 genes and the more modest association of the IL-23R R381Q variant with UC. Our results also suggest that these variants act independently of one another to influence risk and pathogenesis of IBD.
A method for calibrating and compensating robot kinematic errors (2005)

This paper presents a method of calibrating and compensating for the kinematic errors in robot manipulators. A method of selecting a set of independent kinematic errors for modeling any geometric errors in a manipulator's structure is developed. A calibration algorithm is presented for finding the values of these kinematic errors by measuring the end-effector Cartesian position. These kinematic errors are experimentally determined for a PUMA 560 six joint manipulator. Two general purpose compensation algorithms are developed and the improvement in the Cartesian position of the end-effector is experimentally measured and these results are presented.
Journalists’ Attitude Towards Maternal Health Education Broadcast On Radio In Oyo State, Nigeria (2013)

Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension is a peer-reviewed international scientific journal covering a wide range of subject areas in tropical and subtropical agriculture published quarterly by the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka. The journal is also available on the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna website https://www.agri.ruh.ac.lk/tare/index.htm .
Molecular surgery of the basement membrane by the argon laser (1990)

Although the argon laser is used successfully to weld a number of different tissues, the underlying chemical and cellular mechanisms for this process are not precisely defined. Consequently, a biochemical model has been developed in vitro using the well-defined extracellular matrix from the murine Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma. Control and experimental samples of EHS basement membranes were irradiated with a Trimedyne argon laser at 500-3,000 Joules/cm2 at 0 degrees C. The samples were diluted into cold phosphate-buffered saline and allowed to gel at 35 degrees C. The time course of the gelation reaction was followed in a spectrophotometer at 360 nm. Irradiation reduced the absorbance 7.5-15% compared to controls and was independent of the dilution over a 10-fold range. Gelation was also measured by determining the amount of protein by the Bradford assay that could be collected by centrifugation at 10,000g for 10 minutes. Argon-irradiated samples had 30-40% less protein in the precipitate than the controls. The addition of 5 mM beta-mercaptoethanol to the EHS extract blocked the effect of the laser on the gelation reaction. In addition, when gelation was carried out in the absence of calcium and magnesium, there were no differences between laser-treated samples and controls. The basement membrane proteins were separated by electrophoresis through polyacrylamide gels under denaturing plus reducing or denaturing and non-reducing conditions. No differences in the polypeptide composition were noted between irradiated and control samples using either Coomassie- or silver-staining techniques.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Late onset levodopa responsive Huntington's disease with minimal chorea masquerading as Parkinson plus syndrome (2000)

Huntington's disease is characterised by hyperkinetic movements, mainly chorea, cognitive dysfunction, and psychiatric abnormalities. Non-dopa responsive parkinsonism occurs in the later stages of choreic disease or as the predominant feature of juvenile patients (Westphal variant). Late onset Huntington's disease presenting as levodopa responsive parkinsonism is rare. A series of four patients with late onset Huntington's disease presenting as levodopa responsive parkinsonism and cardiovascular dysautonomia, initially misdiagnosed as multiple system atrophy (MSA) in three patients, is reported. Levodopa treatment did not unmask significant chorea. These cases suggest the presence of a distinct phenotypic variant of Huntington's disease to be added to the differential diagnosis of other akinetic rigid syndromes.
Platelet Adhesion to Collagen Type I, Collagen Type IV, von Willebrand Factor, Fibronectin, Laminin and Fibrinogen: Rapid Kinetics under Shear (1999)

Extracellular matrix proteins in the blood vessel wall fulfill an essential role in haemostasis by promoting platelet adhesion at the site of vessel injury. We have combined a continuous-flow system with affinity chromatography to study platelet adhesion under conditions mimicking arterial flow and have examined the adhesion kinetics of unstimulated platelets to collagens type I and IV, von Willebrand factor (vWf), fibronectin, laminin and to fibrinogen. In the absence of red cells, in ACD-prepared plasma adhesion to collagens type I and IV or vWf was rapid, efficient (>50% in <1 s ) and independent of shear rates from 650 to 3400 s(-1) with kinetics following an inverse exponential decay curve. We introduced a simple mathematical model in which this type of kinetics arises, and which may be more generally applicable to various adhesion processes under flow conditions. The model is characterized by the rate of platelet deposition on the adhesive surface being proportional to the number of platelets in the flow. Adhesion to fibronectin was independent of shear rate, but revealed a lag phase of approximately 1.5 s before significant adhesion began. Laminin and fibrinogen supported efficient adhesion at low shear rates (650-1000 s(-1)), but a lag phase of approximately 1.5 s was seen at high shear rates (1700-3400 s(-1)). Control proteins (albumin and gelatin) supported minimal adhesion. Nonspecific adhesion to poly-L-lysine differed from that to other substrate proteins in that the kinetics were linear. In conclusion, human platelets adhered specifically, rapidly (within seconds) and efficiently to several proteins under flow conditions and the kinetics of adhesion depended on the protein serving as substrate as well as on shear rate.
Manipulation of salicylate content in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> by the expression of an engineered bacterial salicylate synthase (2001)

Summary Salicylic acid (SA) plays a central role as a signalling molecule involved in plant defense against microbial attack. Genetic manipulation of SA biosynthesis may therefore help to generate plants that are more disease‐resistant. By fusing the two bacterial genes pchA and pchB from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which encode isochorismate synthase and isochorismate pyruvate‐lyase, respectively, we have engineered a novel hybrid enzyme with salicylate synthase (SAS) activity. The pchB‐A fusion was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana under the control of the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, with targeting of the gene product either to the cytosol (c‐SAS plants) or to the chloroplast (p‐SAS plants). In p‐SAS plants, the amount of free and conjugated SA was increased more than 20‐fold above wild type (WT) level, indicating that SAS is functional in Arabidopsis. P‐SAS plants showed a strongly dwarfed phenotype and produced very few seeds. Dwarfism could be caused by the high SA levels per se or, perhaps more likely, by a depletion of the chorismate or isochorismate pools of the chloroplast. Targeting of SAS to the cytosol caused a slight increase in free SA and a significant threefold increase in conjugated SA, probably reflecting limited chorismate availability in this compartment. Although this modest increase in total SA content did not strongly induce the resistance marker PR‐1, it resulted nevertheless in enhanced disease resistance towards a virulent isolate of Peronospora parasitica . Increased resistance of c‐SAS lines was paralleled with reduced seed production. Taken together, these results illustrate that SAS is a potent tool for the manipulation of SA levels in plants.
Consistent pricing and hedging for a modified constant elasticity of variance model (2002)

Abstract This paper considers a modification of the well known constant elasticity of variance model where it is used to model the growth optimal portfolio (GOP). It is shown that, for this application, there is no equivalent risk neutral pricing measure and therefore the classical risk neutral pricing methodology fails. However, a consistent pricing and hedging framework can be established by application of the benchmark approach. Perfect hedging strategies can be constructed for European style contingent claims, where the underlying risky asset is the GOP. In this framework, fair prices for contingent claims are the minimal prices that permit perfect replication of the claims. Numerical examples show that these prices may differ significantly from the corresponding ‘risk neutral’ prices.
Human intention inference through interacting multiple model filtering (2015)

We present an algorithm to learn human arm motion from demonstrations and infer the goal location (intention) of human reaching actions. To capture the complexity of human arm reaching motion, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to represent the arm motion dynamics. The trajectories of the arm motion for reaching operation are modeled as stable dynamic systems with contracting behavior towards the goal location. The ANN is trained subjected to contraction analysis constraints. To adapt the motion model learned from a few demonstrations to novel scenarios or multiple objects, we use an interacting multiple model framework. The multiple models are obtained by translating the origin of the contracting system to different known goal locations. The posterior probabilities of the models are calculated through interactive model matched filtering carried out using extended Kalman filters (EKFs). The correct model is chosen according to the posterior probabilities to infer the correct intention. Demonstrations and measurements are recorded using a Microsoft Kinect sensor and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed algorithm.
The Compressed Model of Residual CNDS (2017)

Convolutional neural networks have achieved a great success in the recent years. Although, the way to maximize the performance of the convolutional neural networks still in the beginning. Furthermore, the optimization of the size and the time that need to train the convolutional neural networks is very far away from reaching the researcher's ambition. In this paper, we proposed a new convolutional neural network that combined several techniques to boost the optimization of the convolutional neural network in the aspects of speed and size. As we used our previous model Residual-CNDS (ResCNDS), which solved the problems of slower convergence, overfitting, and degradation, and compressed it. The outcome model called Residual-Squeeze-CNDS (ResSquCNDS), which we demonstrated on our sold technique to add residual learning and our model of compressing the convolutional neural networks. Our model of compressing adapted from the SQUEEZENET model, but our model is more generalizable, which can be applied almost to any neural network model, and fully integrated into the residual learning, which addresses the problem of the degradation very successfully. Our proposed model trained on very large-scale MIT Places365-Standard scene datasets, which backing our hypothesis that the new compressed model inherited the best of the previous ResCNDS8 model, and almost get the same accuracy in the validation Top-1 and Top-5 with 87.64% smaller in size and 13.33% faster in the training time.
Interactions of dietary phytochemicals with ABC transporters: possible implications for drug disposition and multidrug resistance in cancer (2010)

Common foods, such as fruits and vegetables, contain a large variety of secondary metabolites known as phytochemicals, many of which have been associated with health benefits. However, there is a limited knowledge of the processes by which these, mainly charged, phytochemicals (and/or their metabolites) are absorbed into the body, reach their biological target, and how they are eliminated. Recent studies have indicated that some of these phytochemicals are substrates and modulators of specific members of the superfamily of ABC transporting proteins. In this review, we present the reported interactions between the different classes of phytochemicals and ABC transporters and the mechanism by which they modulate the activity of these transporters. We also discuss the implications that such interactions may have on the pharmacokinetics of xenobiotics and the possible role of phytochemicals in the reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy.
Towards Massive MIMO 2.0: Understanding spatial correlation, interference suppression, and pilot contamination (2019)

Since the seminal paper by Marzetta from 2010, Massive MIMO has changed from being a theoretical concept with an infinite number of antennas to a practical technology. The key concepts are adopted in 5G and base stations (BSs) with $M=64$ full-digital transceivers have been commercially deployed in sub-6\,GHz bands. The fast progress was enabled by many solid research contributions of which the vast majority assume spatially uncorrelated channels and signal processing schemes developed for single-cell operation. These assumptions make the performance analysis and optimization of Massive MIMO tractable but have three major caveats: 1) practical channels are spatially correlated; 2) large performance gains can be obtained by multicell processing, without BS cooperation; 3) the interference caused by pilot contamination creates a finite capacity limit, as $M\to\infty$. There is a thin line of papers that avoided these caveats, but the results are easily missed. Hence, this tutorial article explains the importance of considering spatial channel correlation and using signal processing schemes designed for multicell networks. We present recent results on the fundamental limits of Massive MIMO, which are not determined by pilot contamination but the ability to acquire channel statistics. These results will guide the journey towards the next level of Massive MIMO, which we call ``Massive MIMO 2.0''.
A new UV‐filter compound in human lenses (1994)

A new UV-filter compound, 4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid O-glucoside, has been identified in human lenses. The structure suggests that it is derived biosynthetically from tryptophan. Quantification studies on the new compound show that it is the second-most abundant UV-filter compound in the lens with an absorption and fluorescence spectrum similar to that of 3-hydroxykynurenine glucoside.
Immunopotentiating Activity of Nigerooligosaccharides for the T Helper 1-Like Immune Response in Mice (1999)

The immunopotentiating activity of nigerooligosaccharides (NOS), a mixture of nigerose, nigerosyl glucose and nigerosyl maltose, was studied in vitro and in vivo in mice. Mitogen-induced proliferation of splenocytes from normal mice was augmented in a dose-dependent manner by nigerose of NOS. NOS enhanced interleukin 12 (IL-12) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by normal splenocytes in the presence of the potent IL-12 inducer, heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum L-137, in vitro. Consistent with the in vitro finding, L. plantarum L-137-induced IL-12 production and IL-2-induced IFN-gamma production were augmented in mice fed with a 14.6% NOS diet for 2 weeks compared with mice fed with a control diet. Notably, mice fed with the NOS diet showed significantly longer survival time than the control mice after the induction of an endogenous infection by administering 5-fluorouracil in a lethal dose. Taken together, these results suggest that NOS may exert immunopotentiating activity through the activation of an IL-12-dependent T helper 1-like immune response.
Automatic adaptive understanding of spoken language by cooperation of syntactic parsing and semantic priming (1994)

This paper focuses on the modelling of the linguistic level of MICRO, a multi-agents speech understanding system largely inspired by cognitive models. It describes the cooperation between, on the one hand a syntactic parser using a Lexical Functional Grammar, and on the other hand an semantic analyser. The semantic analysis is achieved through a mechanism semantic priming carried out by a incremental associative network. We emphasize the adaptive abilities of such a cooperation, particularly in case of ungrammatical utterances, which are very common in spoken language.
Soybean Quantitative Trait Loci for Resistance to Insects (2000)

Resistance to insects was found in a recombinant inbred (RI) population of soybean derived from nonresistant parents, ‘Minsoy’ and ‘Noir 1’ (MN) (240 RI). The objectives of this study were to determine quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with this resistance by linkage to either restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and to confirm these loci in a new population derived from Minsoy crossed with the elite cultivar Archer (MA) (233 RI). Corn earworm ( Helicoverpa zea Boddie) larvae were reared on individual lines of the MN and MA RI and several larval traits were measured. Of the 20 linkage groups (LG) of the composite genetic soybean map, QTLs were found on five LGs in the MN and four in the MA population. The QTL on LG U2 is associated with major effects on larval development in both the MN ( r 2 > 0.12) and the MA population ( r 2 > 0.28). All other QTLs had lesser effects ( r 2 < 0.10). The U2 QTL associated with resistance to insects is of major importance in that: (i) it has been identified in different genetic backgrounds; (ii) it is associated with several larval growth parameters; and (iii) it explains a large proportion of the phenotypic variation. All other QTLs were observed to segregate in only one population. Most of the resistance alleles were associated with the Minsoy parent. Consistent with this observation, Archer and Noir 1 were better corn earworm larval host plants than Minsoy.
Fracturing, Frac Packing, and Formation Failure Control: Can Screenless Completions Prevent Sand Production? (1998)

Summary Some successful results have been reported for screenless frac-packing methods1–3; however, no scientific guidelines were given regarding the conditions under which a screen can be eliminated from a well. In this paper, we report field data from sand-producing wells and review the onset and the rate of sand production for those wells with and without hydraulic fractures. From these field observations and numerical modeling analysis, we give guidelines for when a screen must be run and when a screen can be eliminated.
Femtosecond laser writing of freeform gradient index microlenses in hydrogel-based contact lenses (2015)

Femtosecond lasers can be used to write a variety of gradient index refractive devices. Writing devices with an arbitrary optical profile (i.e., freeform) requires knowing the functional dependence of the phase change that the wavefront will experience when passing through a region written under different exposure parameters. We measured this dependence as a function of writing speed and power in hydrogel-based contact lenses. Regions of constant refractive index change were written under different conditions and then the phase change was measured with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a phase retrieval algorithm. This functional dependence was tested by writing arbitrary Zernike polynomials with varying magnitudes.
Detained patients (1987)

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Miniature Neurologgers for Flying Pigeons: Multichannel EEG and Action and Field Potentials in Combination With GPS Recording (2005)

To study the neurophysiology of large-scale spatial cognition, we analyzed the neuronal activity of navigating homing pigeons. This is not possible using conventional radio-telemetry suitable for short distances only. Therefore we developed a miniaturized data logger ("neurologger") that can be carried by a homing pigeon on its back, in conjunction with a micro-global position system (GPS) logger recording the spatial position of the bird. In its present state, the neurologger permits recording from up to eight single-ended or differential electrodes in a walking or flying pigeon. Inputs from eight independent channels are preamplified, band-pass filtered, and directed to an eight-channel, 10-bit analog-digital converter of the microcontroller storing data on a "Multimedia" or "Secure Digital" card. For electroencephalography (EEG), the logger permits simultaneous recordings of up to eight channels during maximally 47 h, depending on memory, while single unit activity from two channels can be stored over 9 h. The logger permits single unit separation from recorded multiunit signals. The neurologger with GPS represents a better alternative to telemetry that will eventually permit to record neuronal activity during cognitive and innate behavior of many species moving freely in their habitats but will also permit automated high-throughput screening of EEG in the laboratory.
The interleukin-8-related chemotactic cytokines GRO alpha, GRO beta, and GRO gamma activate human neutrophil and basophil leukocytes (1993)

GRO alpha, a protein structurally related to interleukin-8 (IL-8) and originally described as a melanoma growth stimulatory factor, possesses potent neutrophil-stimulating activity. Recently, two closely related genes, gro beta and gro gamma, were identified. In the present work, the three GRO proteins were chemically synthesized, and their biological activities on human neutrophils and other leukocytes were compared. GRO alpha, GRO beta, and GRO gamma, like IL-8, induced chemotaxis, shape change, a rise in intracellular free calcium levels, exocytosis, and the respiratory burst in neutrophils. The GRO proteins were also active toward basophils as shown by chemotaxis and intracellular calcium concentration changes. The order of potency in neutrophils and basophils was IL-8 > GRO alpha > or = GRO gamma > GRO beta. Of the two IL-8 receptors expressed on human neutrophils, one binds GRO alpha with high and the other with low affinity. Competition binding experiments using radiolabeled IL-8 and GRO alpha revealed the same characteristics for GRO beta and GRO gamma. Similarly, cross-desensitization, as assessed by the stimulus-dependent changes in intracellular calcium concentration, indicated that all three GRO proteins interact with common receptors. From these results, it can be concluded that GRO alpha, GRO beta, and GRO gamma have the same pattern of activity toward human granulocytes and that the differences in amino acid sequence among these proteins have only minor effects on biological activity.