gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A parallel distributed application of the wireless sensor network (2004)

The paper describes the use of a wireless sensor network (WSN) for performing parallel pattern recognition computations. A complexity analysis indicates that the proposed algorithm is independent of the number of nodes and hence may scale up indefinitely with the network. It's shown that any material object once overlaid with a WSN, develops a latent associative memory, which enables the object to memorise some of its critical internal states for a real time comparison with those induced by the transient external conditions.
Reciprocal regulation of airway rejection by the inducible gas-forming enzymes heme oxygenase and nitric oxide synthase (2005)

Obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) develops insidiously in nearly half of all lung transplant recipients. Although typically preceded by a CD8(+) T cell-rich lymphocytic bronchitis, it remains unresponsive to conventional immunosuppression. Using an airflow permissive model to study the role of gases flowing over the transplanted airway, it is shown that prolonged inhalation of sublethal doses of carbon monoxide (CO), but not nitric oxide (NO), obliterate the appearance of the obstructive airway lesion. Induction of the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of CO, heme oxygenase (Hmox) 1, increased carboxyhemoglobin levels and suppressed lymphocytic bronchitis and airway luminal occlusion after transplantation. In contrast, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a competitive inhibitor of Hmox, increased airway luminal occlusion. Compared with wild-type allografts, expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), which promotes the influx of cytoeffector leukocytes and airway graft rejection, was strikingly reduced by either enhanced expression of Hmox-1 or exogenous CO. Hmox-1/CO decreased nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB binding activity to the iNOS promoter region and iNOS expression. Inhibition of soluble guanylate cyclase did not interfere with the ability of CO to suppress OB, implicating a cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate-independent mechanism through which CO suppresses NF-kappaB, iNOS transcription, and OB. Prolonged CO inhalation represents a new immunosuppresive strategy to prevent OB.
The Natural Course of Preneoplastic Lesions in Bronchial Epithelium (2005)

The 54% regression rate of all preneoplastic lesions, 26% to 39% progression rate to CIS/SCC of individuals with lower-grade dysplasia or severe dysplasia with no significant difference in progression rate and time to progression combined with nonstepwise histologic changes unrelated to the initial histologic grading indicate that one cannot differentiate the potentially more malignant preneoplastic lesions among the many preneoplastic lesions present in the bronchial mucosa. The initial WHO classification of any preneoplastic lesion cannot be reliably used for accurate risk assessment of field carcinogenesis.
<i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>Induces Strain-Dependent and Strain-Independent Host Plant Responses in Defense Networks, Primary Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Fitness (2012)

Colonization of plants by nonpathogenic Pseudomonas fluorescens strains can confer enhanced defense capacity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Few studies, however, have linked defense pathway regulation to primary metabolism and physiology. In this study, physiological data, metabolites, and transcript profiles are integrated to elucidate how molecular networks initiated at the root-microbe interface influence shoot metabolism and whole-plant performance. Experiments with Arabidopsis thaliana were performed using the newly identified P. fluorescens GM30 or P. fluorescens Pf-5 strains. Co-expression networks indicated that Pf-5 and GM30 induced a subnetwork specific to roots enriched for genes participating in RNA regulation, protein degradation, and hormonal metabolism. In contrast, only GM30 induced a subnetwork enriched for calcium signaling, sugar and nutrient signaling, and auxin metabolism, suggesting strain dependence in network architecture. In addition, one subnetwork present in shoots was enriched for genes in secondary metabolism, photosynthetic light reactions, and hormone metabolism. Metabolite analysis indicated that this network initiated changes in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Consistent with this, we observed strain-specific responses in tryptophan and phenylalanine abundance. Both strains reduced host plant carbon gain and fitness, yet provided a clear fitness benefit when plants were challenged with the pathogen P. syringae DC3000.
The complete amino acid sequence of the bifunctional α‐amylase/trypsin inhibitor from seeds of ragi (Indian finger millet, <i>Eleusine coracana</i> Gaertn.) (1983)

The complete amino acid sequence of the bifunctional α‐amylase/trypsin inhibitor from ragi seeds was determined by analysis of fragments and peptides derived from the protein by cleavage with cyanogen bromide and by digestion with trypsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin, the S. aureus V8 protease and a Pro‐specific protease. The molecular consists of a single polypeptide chain of 122 amino acids which exhibits sequence homology with trypsin inhibitors from barley and maize and with an α‐amylase inhibitor from wheat.
Amorphism and Physicochemical Stability of Spray-dried Frusemide (1992)

The physicochemical properties of amorphous forms of frusemide, prepared by spray-drying at 50 or 150 degrees C, and their hygroscopic stability at temperatures of 25 and 40 degrees C, and at 0 and 75% relative humidity were investigated. The glass transition temperature of the amorphous form A was 44.2 degrees C as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, while that of the amorphous form B was 54.4 degrees C. The activation energies for glass transition and crystallization processes were calculated from the differential scanning calorimetry thermograms of amorphous forms A and B, respectively. Stability determined by X-ray diffraction at 0% relative humidity, 25 and 40 degrees C suggested that form B was more stable than form A. However, the stability of form A at 75% relative humidity and 25 and 40 degrees C was similar to that of form B.
In-Gel Kinase Assay as a Method to Identify Kinase Substrates (2002)

Phosphorylation of proteins by kinases is central to many cellular processes, including signal transduction. Thus, assays to identify or characterize kinases are a key tool for research in this area. Kinase substrates can be incorporated into polyacrylamide gels and used to characterize kinase activity in mixed samples. This methodology can be adapted for the identification of novel kinase-substrates or kinase-kinases that participate in the regulation of cell signaling. Here, I review the rationale and principles of an in-gel kinase assay. This strategy relies on co-polymerization of a substrate within the gel matrix, followed by detection of enzymatic activity in situ. The following Protocol provides a detailed method for performing the in-gel kinase assay and discusses the uses of the assay to evaluate kinase activity in the context of proliferation, differentiation, and survival pathways.
ELECTRODIALYSIS—PRINCIPLES OF PROCESS DESIGN (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTELECTRODIALYSIS—PRINCIPLES OF PROCESS DESIGNM. S. MintzCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1963, 55, 6, 18–28Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50642a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50642a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views531Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Reusability is FIRRTL ground: hardware construction languages, compiler frameworks, and transformations (2017)

Enabled by modern languages and retargetable compilers, software development is in a virtual Cambrian explosion driven by a critical mass of powerfully parameterized libraries; but hardware development practices lag far behind. We hypothesize that existing hardware construction languages (HCLs) and novel hardware compiler frameworks (HCFs) can put hardware development on a similar evolutionary path by enabling new hardware libraries to be independent of underlying process technologies including FPGA mappings. We support this claim by (1) evaluating the degree with which Chisel, an existing HCL, can support powerfully parameterized libraries, and (2) introducing the concept and implementation of an HCF that uses an open-source hardware intermediate representation, FIRRTL (Flexible Intermediate Representation for RTL), to transform target-independent RTL into technology-specific RTL. Finally, we evaluate many hardware compiler transformations, including simplifying transformations, analyses, optimizations, instrumentations, and specializations, which demonstrate the power of a combined HCL and HCF approach.
Visual Sensitivities to Combined Chromaticity and Luminance Differences* (1949)

Color discrimination for the general case of combined chromaticity and luminance differences has been investigated by analysis of the errors of visual trichromatic colorimetry. Formulas based on those devised by Silberstein have been used to determine the coefficients and axes of ellipsoids in color space from the data. Methods for transforming the results to other coordinate systems are presented and used to give the results in terms of both the ICI tristimulus X, Y, Z values and the ICI x, y, chromaticity values. Most of the results are nearly symmetrical above and below the chromaticity (constant luminance) cross section of each ellipsoid. Those cross sections are comparable with results previously published, and the agreement is satisfactory. The influence on color discrimination of changing the level of luminance has been studied for three colors. The ratio between the standard of deviation of each primary and its amount seems to be a function of only the luminance contributed by that primary to the color mixture.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIZATION REACTION IN A SERIES OF DIPHENIC ACID DERIVATIVES. IV. STUDY OF THE NITRATION OF 2,6‐BIPHENYLDICARBOXYLIC ACID AND THE REDUCTION OF ITS NITRO DERIVATIVES (1979)

Abstract Nitrierungen des Diphensäure‐Isomeren (I) liefern Gemische der Nitroderivate (II) und (III); unter der Einwirkung von Nitriersäure (110°C; 5 h) gehen (IIc) und (IIIc) in das Tetranitroderivat (IV) über.
Loss on serial passage of rhesus monkey kidney cells of proteolytic activity required for Sendai virus activation (1978)

Primary and secondary cultures of rhesus monkey kidney cells supported multiple-cycle replication of Sendai virus, but later passages lost this ability, and this was reflected in decreased plaque formation. Multiple-cycle replication also did not occur in LLC-MK2 cells, a continuous line of RMK cells. Failure of replication in serially passed cells was correlated with a decrease in proteolytic cleavage of a viral surface glycoprotein (Fo), and the ability of cells to support multiple-cycle replication and plaque formation could be restored by the addition of trypsin (0.3 microgram/ml) to the overlay medium. The use of wild-type virus, which requires trypsin, and protease activation mutants that require chymotrypsin or elastase for activation has provided evidence that the activating protease supplied by primary or secondary cells has trypsin-like activity. Inactive virus, with uncleaved Fo glycoprotein, absorbed to primary or secondary cells but did not infect them, even though such cells possess the enzyme that is capable of cleaving the Fo glycoprotein of virus synthesized in these cells. The inability of these cells to activate adsorbed virus indicates that the activating protease that they possess is inacessible to adsorbed virus, although it can act on the Fo glycoprotein during virus maturation in these cells. These data provide a biochemical explanation for the failure of later passages of a cell strain or a continuous cell line to support the replication of a paramyxovirus.
Overproduction of an<i>α</i>-Amylase/Glucoamylase Fusion Protein in<i>Aspergillus oryzae</i>Using a High Expression Vector (1992)

Journal Article Overproduction of an α-Amylase/Glucoamylase Fusion Protein in Aspergillus oryzae Using a High Expression Vector Get access Ichiro Shibuya, Ichiro Shibuya Research Institute of Brewing Resources Co., Ltd., 1–54–18, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, Japan To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kozo Tsuchiya, Kozo Tsuchiya Research Institute of Brewing Resources Co., Ltd., 1–54–18, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Gakuzo Tamura, Gakuzo Tamura Research Institute of Brewing Resources Co., Ltd., 1–54–18, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takeaki Ishikawa, Takeaki Ishikawa Research Institute of Brewing Resources Co., Ltd., 1–54–18, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, JapanNational Research Institute of Brewing, 2–6–30, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shodo Hara Shodo Hara Research Institute of Brewing Resources Co., Ltd., 1–54–18, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, JapanNational Research Institute of Brewing, 2–6–30, Takinogawa, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 56, Issue 10, 1 January 1992, Pages 1674–1675, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.56.1674 Published: 01 January 1992 Article history Published: 01 January 1992 Received: 01 May 1992
Specific iNOS-targeted antisense knockdown in endothelial cells (2003)

The inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression via antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODN) may represent a highly specific tool. Endothelial cells (EC) represent prime candidate cells for in vivo application, and we therefore aimed at optimizing this technique for effectiveness and specificity in primary nontransformed rat EC. EC or L929 fibroblasts were incubated with iNOS-specific ODN optimizing all experimental steps. We find that ODN uptake, as analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and labeled ODN, was absolutely dependent on vehicle presence, and among the vehicles tested, Lipofectin displayed negligible toxicity and good uptake. In addition, omission of serum was also essential, a factor that might limit its use in vivo. Moreover, intranuclear accumulation of AS-ODN appeared crucial for successive inhibition. The impact of ODN on iNOS mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity was specific and resulted in >95% inhibition of protein formation. In conclusion, in this article we provide a protocol for an optimized AS-mediated knockdown, representing a specific and efficient instrument for blocking of iNOS formation and allowing for studying the impact of iNOS expression on endothelial function. We also expose application problems of this technique when working in inflammatory conditions.
Photoinduced dissociation of electrospray‐generated ions in an ion trap/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer using a pulsed CO <sub>2</sub> laser (2002)

An ion trap/time-of-flight (IT/TOF) mass spectrometer was developed and applied to infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) studies of ions generated by electrospray ionization. A pulsed 10.6- micro m laser beam from a CO(2) laser was used for excitation of trapped ions. Results from IRMPD of peptide ions show that this method provides useful information related to the amino acid sequence of analyzed peptides. Comparative studies show that IRMPD spectra are similar to those obtained using a 266-nm UV laser beam for excitation. However, in contrast to multiple-pulse excitation required at 266 nm, the energy of a single laser pulse in IRMPD is sufficient to induce dissociation of peptide ions. The laser power is practically an exclusive parameter that must be controlled in order to obtain IRMPD spectra that will provide the optimal structural information. It is further demonstrated that the IRMPD IT/TOF technique has the potential to probe the structural features of larger ions that cannot be readily fragmented by collision-induced dissociation (CID). A multiply charged ion of equine cytochrome c is successfully fragmented in a single laser pulse experiment. The IRMPD IT/TOF technique is also shown to be a promising tool for studying dissociation kinetics of peptide and protein ions. Unlike other methods that usually monitor the dissociation ion kinetics in a dissociation time frame of greater than milliseconds, the IT/TOF can promptly detect all product ions generated by the dissociation process, and thus monitor the dissociation process of peptides and proteins in a sub-millisecond time frame. This instrument allows us to determine the dissociation rates of cytochrome c ions using high-energy photoexcitation. It is found that the charge state of the protein ion has a significant effect on dissociation kinetics, which is consistent with that found under low-energy excitation experiments. It is shown that the increase in energy of a laser pulse from 130 to 180 mJ changes the dissociation rate constant for the +12 ion from k = 2.4 x 10(3) x s(-1) to k = 7.3 x 10(4) x s(-1). The +8 ion following excitation at 130 mJ dissociates slower with a rate constant of k = 2.6 x 10(2) x s(-1). The rate difference observed is attributed to conformational differences among the ions with different charge states.
ChemInform Abstract: AMINE‐INDUCED LOSSEN REARRANGEMENTS OF 3‐HYDROXY‐5,6‐DIHYDROURACIL AND N‐HYDROXYSUCCINIMIDE BENZENESULFONATES (1980)

Abstract Aus Bernsteinsäureester (Ia) entsteht das Bishydroxamat (Ib), das mit Benzolsulfochlorid zum 3‐Benzolsulfonyloxy‐dihydroura‐ Cil (II) cyclisiert wird.
Peptide‐Specific T Cell Response to<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis:</i>Clinical Spectrum, Compartmentalization, and Effect of Chemotherapy (1998)

The T cell repertoire of 59 patients with untreated tuberculosis was compared with that of 46 bacille Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated controls by assaying the proliferative responses to six permissively recognized peptides from the 16-, 19-, and 38-kDa molecules of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A trend from higher to lower reactivity following this order: vaccinated controls > lymph node disease > localized extrapulmonary > pulmonary > pleural was seen for 4 of the peptides (P < .03). The decreased response of blood lymphocytes from patients with pleural tuberculosis was partially accounted for by sequestration of peptide-responsive cells within the pleural fluid. Chemotherapy "reversed" the depressed proliferative responses of patients with pulmonary and pleural tuberculosis depending on the peptide origin, being greatest for peptides of 16 kDa, transient for those of 19 kDa, and least for those of 38 kDa. These data demonstrate antigen specificity in the decreased responsiveness of patients with tuberculosis.
MoS<sub>2</sub> Formed on Mesoporous Graphene as a Highly Active Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution (2013)

Abstract A highly active and stable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution is developed based on the in situ formation of MoS 2 nanoparticles on mesoporous graphene foams (MoS 2 /MGF). Taking advantage of its high specific surface area and its interconnected conductive graphene skeleton, MGF provides a favorable microenvironment for the growth of highly dispersed MoS 2 nanoparticles while allowing rapid charge transfer kinetics. The MoS 2 /MGF nanocomposites exhibit an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction with a low overpotential and substantial apparent current densities. Such enhanced catalytic activity stems from the abundance of catalytic edge sites, the increase of electrochemically accessible surface area and the unique synergic effects between the MGF support and active catalyst. The electrode reactions are characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A Tafel slope of ≈42 mV per decade is measured for a MoS 2 /MGF modified electrode, suggesting the Volmer‐Heyrovsky mechanism of hydrogen evolution.
Generalized Model for Multiband Metamaterial Transmission Lines (2008)

In this letter, a generalized circuit model valid for the description of composite right/left handed metamaterial transmission lines with an arbitrary number of bands is presented for the first time. The model is a T- or pi-circuit where the series branch is composed of parallel connected series resonators, and the shunt branch consists on series connected parallel resonant tanks. It is demonstrated that any arbitrary T- or pi-circuit exhibiting alternate left-handed and right-handed bands can be expressed in the form of the proposed circuit. This justifies the consideration of the circuit as a generalized model of multiband metamaterial transmission lines.
Topical dimethylsulfoxide for the prevention of soft tissue injury after extravasation of vesicant cytotoxic drugs: a prospective clinical study. (1995)

Topical DMSO is an effective and safe antidote that may be used with local cooling after extravasations of vesicant drugs other than those drugs for which standard interventions are defined.
<title>Precision soft x-ray reflectometry of curved multilayer optics</title> (1992)

In the PTB laboratory at the electron storage ring BESSY flat multilayer mirrors as well as curved multilayer optics are characterized in the soft x-ray region using synchrotron radiation. Precision reflectometry is performed in the spectral range between 5 and 30 nm where the content of higher orders in the monochromatized radiation is below 2%. The existing facilities and current improvements of the instrumentation are described. Examples for spatially resolved measurements of the reflectance of curved multilayer optics are presented.
A weakness in smart card PKI certification (2004)

Smartcards are becoming an integral part of public key infrastructures since they are separate computing devices that can store and utilize private keys without ever revealing them. Since the private keys are generated, stored, and used onboard to sign/decrypt data, smartcards are ideal when in the hands of a trusted private key owner. But, it is well known that nonreputability is only achieved when the private key owner does not expose his or her own private signing key. This implies that a very strong threat model exists in smartcard security: the user is not trusted to keep his or her own private key secret. It is a point in fact that corporations worldwide are concerned with this very problem and are making efforts to ensure that their employees cannot disclose their own signing private keys. An employee that could do so could later repudiate signatures on purchase orders, sales, and other legally binding transactions. A weakness in smart card PKI certification is shown that allows users to spoof the key generation processes on their smartcards and in effect grant them access to the bits of their private keys. A simple countermeasure is given that thwarts the possibility of this attack.