gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells Has a Superior Anti-inflammatory Profile to Corticosteroids: Relevance for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Therapy (2003)

Airway smooth muscle is actively involved in the inflammatory process in diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma by 1) contributing to airway narrowing through hyperplasia and hypertrophy and 2) the release of GM-CSF and G-CSF, which promotes the survival and activation of infiltrating leukocytes. Thus, the identification of novel anti-inflammatory pathways in airway smooth muscle will have important implications for the treatment of inflammatory airway disease. This study identifies such a pathway in the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). PPAR ligands are known therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes; however, their role in human airway disease is unknown. We demonstrate, for the first time, that human airway smooth muscle cells express PPAR alpha and -gamma subtypes. Activation of PPAR gamma by natural and synthetic ligands inhibits serum-induced cell growth more effectively than does the steroid dexamethasone, and induces apoptosis. Moreover, PPAR gamma activation, like dexamethasone, inhibits the release of GM-CSF. However, PPAR gamma ligands, but not dexamethasone, similarly inhibits G-CSF release. These results reveal a novel anti-inflammatory pathway in human airway smooth muscle, where PPAR gamma activation has additional anti-inflammatory effects to those of steroids. Hence, PPAR ligands might act as potential treatments in human respiratory diseases.
Cloning and expression of a UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase gene in rice (2003)

A cDNA fragment was cloned from rice immature seeds by the RT-PCR method. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA showed a high degree of identity with UDP-d-glucuronic acid decarboxylase (UXS) from other plants and was most similar to the soluble UXS from Arabidopsis. The recombinant protein, expressed in an Escherichia coli system, catalysed the conversion of UDP-d-glucuronic acid to UDP-d-xylose, confirming that the gene encoded UXS. The uxs gene was expressed in mature, harvested rice seeds as well as in immature seeds 14 d post-anthesis, suggesting that the uxs gene is necessary at the beginning of the germination period. This is the first report of the cloning of the uxs gene from monocots.
Development of an optical relative humidity sensor. Cobalt chloride optical absorbency sensor study (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDevelopment of an optical relative humidity sensor. Cobalt chloride optical absorbency sensor studyFrancisca. Boltinghouse and Kenneth. AbelCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 17, 1863–1866Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00192a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00192a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views447Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neck Injury in Children (1995)

In general the incidence of neck injury resulting from motor vehicle accidents to children in child restraints is quite low. This is despite the immature neck, relatively large head mass and relatively high centre of gravity observed in young children, which theoretically might suggest a greater vulnerability to neck injury particularly in frontal impact.
<title>High-resolution Doppler model of the human gait</title> (2002)

A high resolution Doppler model of the walking human was developed for analyzing the continuous wave (CW) radar gait signature. Data for twenty subjects were collected simultaneously using an infrared motion capture system along with a two channel 10.525 GHz CW radar. The motion capture system recorded three-dimensional coordinates of infrared markers placed on the body. These body marker coordinates were used as inputs to create the theoretical Doppler output using a model constructed in MATLAB. The outputs of the model are the simulated Doppler signals due to each of the major limbs and the thorax. An estimated radar cross section for each part of the body was assigned using the Lund & Browder chart of estimated body surface area. The resultant Doppler model was then compared with the actual recorded Doppler gait signature in the frequency domain using the spectrogram. Comparison of the two sets of data has revealed several identifiable biomechanical features in the radar gait signature due to leg and body motion. The result of the research shows that a wealth of information can be unlocked from the radar gait signature, which may be useful in security and biometric applications.
Effects of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jeton the Viability of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Endospores (2013)

In this study, we conducted experiments to investigate the effectiveness of a non-equilibrium Ar-N2 plasma jet generated by a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Torch (CAPPLAT) at a sinusoidal voltage of 20 kV, frequency of 30 kHz with 10 slm of Ar gas and 100 sccm of N2 gas. Highly environmental stress resistant bacterial endospores of Bacillus subtilis, dried on an agar disc were exposed to the plasma discharge from the CAPPLAT for different durations. The viability of spores after plasma exposure was checked by counting CFUs by serial dilution method. We also measured the amount of released DPA (dipicolinic acid, pyridine-2, 6-dicarboxylic acid), which is exclusively found in endospore protoplast (cortex), to confirm the disintegration of the cortex. We could successfully inactivate a population of Bacillus endospores of about 1.0 × 107 to 4.0 × 107 spores/ml.
Graphene-based nanocomposites for structural and functional applications: using 2-dimensional materials in a 3-dimensional world (2015)

Graphene-based composites are currently the only application of graphene already commercialized on a large scale. However, the performance of such products is not comparable to that of pristine graphene sheets, measured at the nanoscale, which easily outperform well-established materials such as steel, silicon, or copper. A key reason for this difference in properties is that it is not yet fully understood how two-dimensional (2D) -based composites work at the nanoscale level and, more importantly, what is the ultimate performance (mechanical, electrical, etc.) that can be achieved when they are included in a bulk material. In the first year of the ramp-up phase of the Flagship, the 'Nanocomposites' work package has studied how to improve the processing, interaction, and performance of graphene and related materials (GRMs) in three-dimensional (3D) composites. This article offers a quick overview of some of the main results obtained within this rapidly evolving field.
Crystal-chemical characterization of the 3CaO·Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>—Na<sub>2</sub>O solid-solution series (1980)

Article Crystal-chemical characterization of the 3CaO·Al2O3—Na2O solid-solution series was published on November 1, 1980 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 152, issue 1-4).
<i>Escherichia coli</i>Δ<sup>1</sup>-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase: gene sequence, protein overproduction and purification (1982)

The sequence of the Escherichia coli proC gene which encodes for delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (PCA) reductase was determined. Overproduction of the proC gene product via an expression plasmid carrying the bacteriophage lambda PL promoter allowed the purification to homogeneity of PCA reductase by affinity adsorption chromatography. NH2 and COOH-terminal analysis and amino acid composition of the purified proC protein is consistent with the gene sequence reported. The molecular weight of the proC monomer is 28,112.
Defects in human methionine synthase in cblG patients (1996)

Inborn errors resulting in isolated functional methionine synthase deficiency fall into two complementation groups, cblG and cblE. Using biochemical approaches we demonstrate that one cblG patient has greatly reduced levels of methionine synthase while in another, the enzyme is specifically impaired in the reductive activation cycle. The biochemical data suggested that low levels of methionine synthase activity in the first patient may result from mutations in the catalytic domains of the enzyme, reduced transcription, or generation of unstable message or protein. Using Northern analysis, we demonstrate that the molecular basis for the biochemical phenotype in this patient is associated with greatly diminished steady-state levels of methionine synthase mRNA. The biochemical data on the second patient cell line implicated mutations specific to reductive activation, a function that is housed in the C-terminal AdoMet-binding domain and the intermediate B12-binding domain, in the highly homologous bacterial enzyme. We have detected two mutations in a compound heterozygous state, one that results in conversion of a conserved proline (1173) to a leucine residue and the other a deletion of an isoleucine residue (881). The crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli MS predicts that the Pro to Leu mutation could disrupt activation since it is embedded in a sequence that makes direct contacts with the bound AdoMet. Deletion of isoleucine in the B12-binding domain would result in shortening of a beta-sheet. Our data provide the first evidence for mutations in the methionine synthase gene being culpable for the cblG phenotype. In addition, they suggest directly that mutations in methionine synthase can lead to elevated homocysteine, implicated both in neural tube defects and in cardiovascular diseases.
Nutrition for Women in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases (2008)

Awareness of women's risks for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases must be promoted by health care professionals. For overweight and obese women, weight reduction is critical for reducing risks; prevention of excess weight gain must be encouraged for women of healthy body weight. Vulnerable times for weight gain during a woman's life cycle include early adulthood, the childbearing years, and menopause. Thus, healthy diet and exercise behaviors must be particularly emphasized during these years. Polycystic ovary syndrome is also associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease risk, and weight loss can lower these risks. Foods comprising diets associated with reduced cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risks tend to be unrefined plant foods (vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains, nuts, seeds), low-fat dairy products, fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids, and lean sources of protein. Artificial trans fatty acids should be avoided and saturated fats cholesterol, sodium, and added sugars minimized. A balance of micro-nutrients and fiber should be obtained from wholesome food sources rather than supplements. Dietary counseling for women should consider the context in which they live, cultural aspects, socioeconomic factors, menstrual cycle influences on food intake, and warning signs for eating disorders. Continued gender-specific research will be helpful in discerning the most effective lifestyle interventions for women.
Global Unsupervised Anomaly Extraction And Discrimination In Hyperspectral Images Via Maximum-Orthogonal Complement Analysis (2008)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008
Cryptic plasmids of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i>: Tn<i>552</i> to the rescue (2002)

Plasmids have been described in almost all bacterial species analysed and have proven to be essential genetic tools. In many bacteria these extrachromosomal DNAs are cryptic with no known markers or function, which makes their characterization and genetic exploitation extremely difficult. Here we describe a system that will allow the rescue of any circular DNA (plasmid or phage) using an in vitro transposition system to deliver both a selectable marker (kanamycin) and an Escherichia coli plasmid origin of replication. In this study, we demonstrate the rescue of four cryptic plasmids from the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium avium. To evaluate the host range of the rescued plasmids, we have examined their ability to be propagated in Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG, and their compatibility with other mycobacterial plasmids. In addition, we use a library of transposon insertions to sequence one plasmid, pVT2, and to begin a genetic analysis of plasmid genes. Using this approach, we identified a putative conjugative relaxase, suggesting this myco-bacterial plasmid is transferable, and three genes required for plasmid establishment and replication.
Numerical Evaluation of the Three-Dimensional Response of a Human Head-Neck Model to Dynamic Loading (1984)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A lumped-parameter analysis has been devised for the three-dimensional response of a human head-neck system subject to impact or impulsive loading. The present paper, second in a series, is primarily concerned with computations for side blows and a comparison with corresponding data obtained from either a physical model replicating a human head-neck system or from a volunteer response to side acceleration. Discrepancies between predictions and corresponding test data were attributed to insufficient damping and a greater facet separation stiffness in the numerical model relative to the prototype systems and significant differences in the physical properties utilized in the analytical representation, obtained from the literature, relative to the actual structures subjected to mechanical loading.</div>
教育協力としての集団研修コースの現状と課題 : フィリピン・パキスタンにおける科学教育を中心として (1999)

This paper analyses the effect of the technical training program "Practice of Science Education", which has been conducted jointly by Hiroshima University and Japan International Cooperation Agency, and discusses effective international cooperation in science education, particularly in the Philippines and Pakistan.\n\nAll the participants who underwent the training program are currently working in the field of science education in their countries. They are applying the knowledge and skills that they acquired during their training in Japan, leading to upgrading the levels of core human resources in science education. Many secondary schools in the rural areas are, however, face with problems of acute shortages of science facilities, qualified science teachers and funds to purchase science equipment. The outcomes of such a training program could be enhanced if ex-participants, through a resource center, shared their knowledge and skills with other science teachers in their countries. Some of the techniques learned in Japan, such as development of teaching aids using waste materials and improvisation of science equipment using local resources, could improve the teaching of science.\n\nTo sustain such a training program of technical transfer in science education, the following points should be taken into account: a) to develop instructional materials appropriate for student-centered learning, b) to introduce science classes which enable students to acquire scientific literacy and to make decisions, and c) to establish the science education system which can be shared in any places of the world. In addition, in order to improve instructional contents on comprehensive/integrated topics, environmental education and STS(Science, Technology and Society) education which deal with multisectoral issues should be earmarked as one of the top prior subjects in science education. It is also stressed that the results of such educational cooperation should be shared not only in developing countries but also developed countries like Japan by establishing a network system available in the relevant countries. It is important to continue to play some role in developing and extending the aid and cooperation, noting the significance of the present group training course which has been evaluated by ex-participants and ourselves.
Profiling the Chlorogenic Acids and Other Caffeic Acid Derivatives of Herbal Chrysanthemum by LC−MS<i><sup>n</sup></i> (2007)

Four samples of herbal chrysanthemum have been profiled qualitatively by LC-MS5 to identify their component chlorogenic acids and partially characterize other caffeic acid derivatives. The chlorogenic acids were minor components, and the four samples varied markedly in profile. Three p-coumaroylquinic acids, three feruloylquinic acids, four caffeoylquinic acids, six dicaffeoylquinic acids, and two tricaffeoylquinic acids were detected, 13 for the first time from this source. Partial characterization of minor components suggested the presence of five caffeoyl-hexose esters and caffeic acid-4-beta-d-glucose that have not previously been reported from this source, and eight caffeoylquinic acid glycosides and 16 dicaffeoylquinic acid glycosides that have not previously been reported in nature. Succinic acid-containing chlorogenic acids and chlorogenic acids based on epi-quinic acid, previously reported in Chrysanthemum spp., were not detected in these samples.
Zur kinetik der niederdruckpolymerisation von äthylen mit löslichen Z<scp>IEGLER</scp>‐katalysatoren (1973)

Abstract Es wird die Kinetik der Äthylenpolymerisation mit dem löslichen Katalysatorsystem (C 5 H 5 ) 2 Ti(C 2 H 5 )Cl/Al(C 2 H 5 )Cl 2 behandelt. Mit Hilfe einer speziellen Meßmethode konnte erstmals der homogene Anfangsbereich der Polymerisation kinetisch erfaßt werden. Anhand der erzielten Befunde lassen sich folgende Schlußfolgerungen ziehen: Die polymerisationsaktive Spezies wird unmeßbar rasch nach dem Mischen der Katalysatorkomponenten gebildet und ist als ein sehr dynamisches Gleichgewichtsprodukt anzusehen, dessen Konzentration vom Verhältnis der Katalysatorkomponenten abhängt. Kettenwachstum ist demnach ein intermittierender Vorgang. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante der Wachstumsreaktion wurde zu etwa 15 dm 3 · mol −1 · s −1 für 10°C bestimmt. Überschüssiges Aluminium‐organyl (Al/Ti > 1) wirkt desaktivierend. Die Polymerisation in heterogener Phase ist sehr wahrscheinlich diffusionsbestimmt. Die Abnahme der Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit mit der Zeit ist komplexer Natur und ist mit einfachen kinetischen Zeitgesetzen nicht zu beschreiben. Die zeitliche Zunahme des Polymerisationsgrades für Verhältnisse Al/Ti = 2 weist darauf hin, daß die Polymerisation den Charakter eines „lebenden”︁ Systems aufweist.
A Quantification Method of Composite Impression of Products by Externalized Evaluation Words of the Appraisal Dictionary with Review Text Data (2019)

To make users feel a specific impression, a number of studies have provided a way to estimate product impressions with physical features. Although the methodologies of these studies are useful in a wide range of areas, they require a large number of evaluation experiments to reveal the relation between them, and their costs are very high. To solve them, we proposed a method to score each product on the important impression of its domains. This consists of categorizing evaluation terms into internalized and externalized evaluation by using the appraisal dictionary, discovering the important impressions by using only externalized evaluations, and conclusively scoring these product impressions numerically from the term-score and affinity of words. The result of the verification experiment indicated that the obtained scores are valid in terms of their correlations with people’s evaluation.
Structure–Activity Relationships of the Adrenocorticotropins and Melanotropins: The Synthetic Approach (1967)

Introduction Aspects of Methods of Peptide Synthesis Synthesis of ACTH and MSH Peptides Biological Properties Concluding Remarks
A Phase I study of recombinant human interleukin-21 (rIL-21) in combination with sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (2010)

the combination of sunitinib 50 mg at the '4 weeks on/2 weeks off' schedule and 10 microg/kg IL-21 was not tolerated due to hematological DLTs. The dose level of 3 microg/kg rIL-21 was considered too low to be therapeutically relevant for further evaluation and therefore the study was discontinued.
Protein-loaded poly(epsilon-caprolactone) microparticles. II. Muramyl dipeptide for oral controlled release of adjuvant (1999)

This work investigated the means for the efficient encapsulation of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) in poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) microparticles (MP) by a solvent evaporation method in order to optimize the effect of the adjuvant for oral immunization. Therefore, the influence of MDP concentration in the inner aqueous phase was evaluated on MP characteristics such as size, morphology, drug entrapment, entrapment efficiency and the eventual interactions of MDP with co-entrapped model antigen, bovine serum albumin (BSA). The process of manufacturing produced a high entrapment efficiency of MDP (63.58 +/- 0.40%) without altering its integrity, as shown by chromatogram peaks analysis of a and beta anomers. The crystallinity of the polymer was dramatically increased (+24.6%) either with or without MDP loading but the entrapment of BSA reduced this crystallinity suggesting BSA-PCL interaction. These MP were resistant to simulated gastric fluid and exhibited a continuous BSA release. Moreover, their average diameter (<10 microm) combined with their high hydrophobicity make of this delivery system an exciting alternative for enhanced oral immunization.
Coded Domain Level Control for The AMR Speech Codec (2006)

This paper presents a coded domain level control technique for the Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) speech codec. Level control in the coded domain is done by directly modifying quantized speech parameters. The advantage of the method is an accurate speech level control with minimized system complexity and end-to-end delay when tandem coding can be avoided completely. Requantization optimization functions are derived for scalar and vector quantization of relevant parameters. The experimental results show that the presented technique makes possible to apply a desired gain in the coded domain maintaining high speech quality.