gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro interactions of PGE and cAMP with murine and human erythroid precursors (1980)

Addition of prostaglandins of the E series (PGE1, PGE2) in methylcellulose cultures of murine marrow results in a dose-dependent inhibition of the cloning efficiency of both BFU-E and CFU-C. However, CFU-E growth is unaffected. The inhibitory action of PGE is progressively overcome by increasing amounts of colony-stimulating factor (CSF), and with some limitations, also of erythropoietin (Ep). Addition of PGF2 alpha' associated or not with indomethacin, does not exert any significant effect on these hemopoietic precursors. In an attempt to unvail the mechanism(s) underlying these phenomena, dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (db-cAMP), theophylline (an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase), or theophylline + PGE were plated at various concentrations. Both db-cAMP and theophylline induce an inhibitory influence on both BFU-E and CFU-C growth, which mimicks that by PGEs; additionally, theophylline potentiates the inhibitory action of PGE1. In all these studies, the CFU-E number was not significantly modified. PGE action on BFU-E proliferation is clearly species-dependent, since PGE1 addition to human marrow methylcellulose cultures induces a significant enhancement of the number of both BFU-E and CFU-E derived colonies. This action was abolished upon removal of adherent cells, thus suggesting that PGE1 evokes a release of factor(s) enhancing human erythroid colony growth by adherent cells.
Compression of hyper-spectral images based on quadtree partitioning (2009)

The paper analyzes the characteristic features of hyper-spectral image and presents a compression of hyper-spectral images based on quadtree partitioning. Quadtree partition is used to get the mean image of the whole image and the significant correlation of image can be decorrelated by subtract the mean image from original image. The difference image is compressed by DCT and encoded with arithmetic code. Experiment show the algorithm is simple and easy to use in real-time image compressing.
Eva Strittmatter: Mai in Piestany (1987)

In ria_i P i e s t a n y we e x p e r i e n c e w i t h Eva S t r i t t m a t t e r her ongoing s t r u g g l e w i t h change and her g r a d u a l a c c e p t a n c e o f i t . A l t h o u g h death and i l l n e s s dominate the second p a r t , t h i s a u t o b i o g r a p h i c a l work ends w i t h a c a u t i o u s o p t i m i s m : she f i n a l l y r e a l i z e s t h a t d e s p i t e change there can be c o n t i n u i t y which enables her t o f a ce t h e u n c e r t a i n t y o f t h e f u t u r e . An e l o q u e n t and warm l a n q u a q e , a h e i g h t e n e d s e n s i t i v i t y , and, above a l l , frank honesty lend unusual charm, i n t e r e s t , and r e a d a b i l i t y to Mai_ i n P i estany,
A comparison of classification techniques for the P300 Speller (2006)

This study assesses the relative performance characteristics of five established classification techniques on data collected using the P300 Speller paradigm, originally described by Farwell and Donchin (1988 Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol. 70 510). Four linear methods: Pearson's correlation method (PCM), Fisher's linear discriminant (FLD), stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SWLDA) and a linear support vector machine (LSVM); and one nonlinear method: Gaussian kernel support vector machine (GSVM), are compared for classifying offline data from eight users. The relative performance of the classifiers is evaluated, along with the practical concerns regarding the implementation of the respective methods. The results indicate that while all methods attained acceptable performance levels, SWLDA and FLD provide the best overall performance and implementation characteristics for practical classification of P300 Speller data.
Application of Microemulsions in Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery (2008)

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable colloidal dispersions of water and oil stabilized by a surfactant and, in many cases, also a cosurfactant. In the pharmaceutical field, microemulsions have been used as drug carriers for percutaneous, ocular, oral and parenteral administration. This review discusses some of the applications of microemulsions specifically for topical and transdermal applications. Microemulsion nomenclature and composition, with particular emphasis on choice of surfactant and cosurfactant, is discussed. Methods used to characterize microemulsions are reviewed. Microemulsion formulations for dermal and transdermal delivery of pharmaceutical agents with particular emphasis on anti-inflammatory and anaesthetic agents are critically evaluated. Finally, the issues which warrant further investigation by researchers in order to realize the full potential of the technology are discussed.
A novel transmitter architecture for combined baseband data and subcarrier-multiplexed control links using differential Mach-Zehnder external modulators (1997)

We propose, analyze, and demonstrate a novel transmitter architecture for links that support transmission of base-band data and subcarrier multiplexed control channels. The architecture utilizes a differential external integrated-optic modulator to electrooptically combine the base-band and subcarrier multiplexed data onto an optical carrier. An analytical model is presented that allows optimization of the SNR of the received base-band and control data channels based on modulation parameters. This optimization is based on tradeoffs that result when the base-band and subcarrier channel are combined using a nonlinear modulator transfer function. We experimentally demonstrate a link based on this architecture with 2.5-Gb/s base-band and 100-Mb/s control data multiplexed on a 5.5-GHz subcarrier. Analytical and measured experimental results are compared and are shown to be in good agreement.
Simultaneous vaccination of cattle with foot-and-mouth disease and vesicular stomatitis live virus vaccines. (1976)

Four- to six- month-old cattle were simultaneously vaccinated with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and vesicular stomatitis (VS) live virus vaccines by injection of FMD vaccine in one side of the body and VS vaccine in the other side. These cattle were again vaccinated with FMD and VS vaccines given simultaneously three and nine months after the first vaccination. The antibody levels of the vaccinated animals were studied by serum protection test in suckling mice and results were compared with those obtained when cattle are vaccinated either with FMD alone or with VS vaccine alone. It appears that an interference mechanism is responsible for the lack or the low levels of antibody formation observed in the animals simultaneoulsy vaccinated with the two vaccines.
Performance Analysis on an MAP Fine Timing Algorithm in UWB Multiband OFDM (2008)

In this paper we develop a fine synchronization algorithm for multiband OFDM transmission in the presence of frequency selective channels. This algorithm is based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) joint timing and channel estimation that incorporates channel statistical information, leading to considerable performance enhancement relative to existing maximum likelihood (ML) approaches. We carry out a thorough performance analysis of the fine timing algorithm, and link the diversity concept widely used in data communications to the timing performance. We show that the probability of the timing offset equal to or larger than Δ taps has a diversity order of N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> min(Δ,L) in Rayleigh fading channels, where N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> is the number of subbands and L is the number of channel taps. This result reveals that the timing estimate is very much concentrated around the true timing as the signal to noise ratio (SNR) increases. Our simulations confirm the theoretical analysis, and also demonstrate the robustness of the proposed timing algorithm against model mismatches in a realistic UWB indoor channel.
Two-Stage Enhancement Scheme for Low-Quality Fingerprint Images by Learning From the Images (2012)

Fingerprint authentication for content protection in the human-machine systems, cybernetics, and computational intelligence is very popular. Because of the complex input contexts, low-quality input fingerprint images always exist with cracks and scars, dry skin, or poor ridges and valley contrast ridges. Usually, fingerprint images are enhanced by one stage in either the spatial or the frequency domain. However, the enhanced performances are not satisfactory because of the complicated ridge structures that are affected by unusual input contexts. In this paper, we propose a novel and effective two-stage enhancement scheme in both the spatial domain and the frequency domain by learning from the underlying images. To remedy the ridge areas and enhance the contrast of the local ridges, we first enhance the fingerprint image in the spatial domain with a spatial ridge-compensation filter by learning from the images. With the help of the first step, the second-stage filter, i.e., a frequency bandpass filter that is separable in the radial- and angular-frequency domains, is employed. It is noted that the parameters of the bandpass filters are learnt from both the original image and the first-stage enhanced image instead of acquiring from the original image solely. It enhances the fingerprint image significantly because of the fast and sharp attenuation of the filter in both the radial and the angular-frequency domains. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is able to handle various input image contexts and achieves better results compared with some state-of-the-art algorithms over public databases, and to improve the performances of fingerprint-authentication systems.
Guidance to rational use of pharmaceuticals in gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma using patient-derived cancer cells and whole exome sequencing (2016)

A patient-derived cell model combined with whole exome sequencing is a powerful tool to elucidate relationship between drug sensitivities and genetic alternations. In these gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma patient-derived cells, it is found that PIK3CA amplification could be used as a biomarker to indicate PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway activation. Block of the pathway may benefit the gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma patient with this alternation in hypothesis. The real efficacy needs to be confirmed in vivo or in a clinical trial.
Overexpression, Isotopic Labeling, and Spectral Characterization ofEnterobacter cloacaeNitroreductase (1998)

Bacterial nitroreductases have generated much interest recently due to their central roles in both nitroaromatic bioremediation and nitroaromatic toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. Enterobacter cloacae nitroreductase (NR) has been subcloned into the pET overexpression system and purified to homogeneity via a four-step procedure resulting in a final yield of 65.7 mg per liter. Overexpression in minimal media containing 15NH4Cl as the sole source of nitrogen yielded 37.6 mg per liter of homogenous NR containing > 99 atom % 15N. A series of melting curves generated under a variety of solvent conditions established the optimal conditions for NR stability as pH 7.5, low ionic strength phosphate buffer. A two-dimensional 1H-15N heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum demonstrates this enzyme to be amenable to study by high-resolution multidimensional NMR in combination with amino-acid-specific isotopic labeling. Optical spectra of the purified enzyme suggest that the noncovalently bound flavin mononucleotide cofactor binds in a hydrophobic environment and is in the neutral and anionic protonation states in the oxidized and two-electron reduced oxidation states, respectively. NR exhibits a novel visible region circular dichroism spectrum which has a small distinct negative band at 366 nm and a large positive ellipticity at 454 nm with a shoulder centered at 480 nm.
Spin detectors operating in the medium-energy range (2005)

Solid-state spin filters consisting of ultrathin ferromagnetic layers can be used as convenient spin polarimeters. A few years ago, a good sensitivity was demonstrated using a Pd∕Fe bilayer deposited onto a n-type ozonized GaAs substrate, the spin detector being operated around 800eV primary energy. From the analysis of the experimental data, a spin-dependent transport scheme is proposed. This provides keys for the practical development of spin filters in the keV range, an energy domain which is well suited for application, and opens perspectives in the study of hot-electron transport in metals.
Ridged cavity backed slot antenna with dielectric loading (1989)

A reduced size cavity backed slot antenna, consisting of a transverse slot in the flat broadwall of a deep single ridge waveguide cavity is described. Partial dielectric loading achieves significant further reduction in electrical size. Moderate dielectric loss increases bandwidth (and significantly reduces antenna gain).
Recent Advances in Lipase-Mediated Preparation of Pharmaceuticals and Their Intermediates (2015)

Biocatalysis offers an alternative approach to conventional chemical processes for the production of single-isomer chiral drugs. Lipases are one of the most used enzymes in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure intermediates. The use of this type of enzyme is mainly due to the characteristics of their regio-, chemo- and enantioselectivity in the resolution process of racemates, without the use of cofactors. Moreover, this class of enzymes has generally excellent stability in the presence of organic solvents, facilitating the solubility of the organic substrate to be modified. Further improvements and new applications have been achieved in the syntheses of biologically active compounds catalyzed by lipases. This review critically reports and discusses examples from recent literature (2007 to mid-2015), concerning the synthesis of enantiomerically pure active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their intermediates in which the key step involves the action of a lipase.
Introduction: Africana Cultures and Policy Studies (2009)

Africana Cultures and Policy Studies: Scholarship and the Transformation of Public Policy introduces Africana cultures and policy studies as an interdisciplinary field of study, rooted in the historical experience of people of African descent. Intentionally, the essays in this volume seek to canonize Africana historical studies for the purposes of policy development, analysis, and practical application. Africana Cultures and Policy Studies calls for a relocation and synthesis of policy-derived research emanating from public and private culture spheres. In the process, our goal is to use history and culture to engage the policy process from a top-down and bottom-up approach, thereby dissolving the previously impenetrable divide existing among academics and policymakers, community constituencies and related social/civic institutions.
Design and Use of Fault Simulation for Saturn Computer Design (1967)

A system of IBM 7090 Data Processing System computer programs was developed for the purpose of normal and/or fault simulation of the Saturn computer. This paper will describe the design of the simulator and cite several applications in the development of the Saturn computer. The architecture, plus several important characteristics of the simulator, are presented. These include the Design Automation input interface, the logic selection procedure, failure injection, the compilation procedure, logical simulation and functional simulation. The ability to simulate up to 4000 Saturn instructions in either normal and/or fault environments (up to 33 faults per IBM 7090 run) will be demonstrated. Simulation of single, multiple, solid or intermittent faults, plus an automated statistical analysis of intermittent fault simulation results, will be presented. The IBM 7090 execution time of a compiled logic simulator can be prohibitive. To minimize running time several programming techniques were utilized, including logic block ordering (to allow single pass simulation), parallel fault simulation, stimulus bypassing, and functional simulation. These techniques are described. Several special forms of simulator output were developed. The use of this output and the applications of the simulator are presented, including design verfication, test program evaluation, generation of a test point catalog, disagreement detector network evaluation, disagreement detector placement, intermittent failure analysis.
Tissue elasticity reconstruction using linear perturbation method (1996)

A new method to reconstruct the elastic modulus of soft tissue subjected to an external static compression is presented. In this approach the Newton-Raphson method is used to vary a finite element (FE) model of the elasticity equations to fit, in a least squared sense, a set of axial tissue displacement fields estimated using a correlation technique applied to ultrasound signals. The ill-conditioning of the Hessian matrix is eliminated using the Tikhonov regularization technique. This regularization provides a compromise between fidelity to the observed data and a priori information of the solution. Using an echographic image formation model, it is shown that the method converges within a few iterations (8-10) and that strain images artifacts which are common in elastography are significantly reduced after the resolution of the inverse problem.
Infrastructure-based calibration of a multi-camera rig (2014)

The online recalibration of multi-sensor systems is a fundamental problem that must be solved before complex automated systems are deployed in situations such as automated driving. In such situations, accurate knowledge of calibration parameters is critical for the safe operation of automated systems. However, most existing calibration methods for multisensor systems are computationally expensive, use installations of known fiducial patterns, and require expert supervision. We propose an alternative approach called infrastructure-based calibration that is efficient, requires no modification of the infrastructure, and is completely unsupervised. In a survey phase, a computationally expensive simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method is used to build a highly accurate map of a calibration area. Once the map is built, many other vehicles are able to use it for calibration as if it were a known fiducial pattern. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method to calibrate the extrinsic parameters of a multi-camera system. The method does not assume that the cameras have an overlapping field of view and it does not require an initial guess. As the camera rig moves through the previously mapped area, we match features between each set of synchronized camera images and the map. Subsequently, we find the camera poses and inlier 2D-3D correspondences. From the camera poses, we obtain an initial estimate of the camera extrinsics and rig poses, and optimize these extrinsics and rig poses via non-linear refinement. The calibration code is publicly available as a standalone C++ package.
The ordered core based tree protocol (2002)

This paper presents a new protocol, the ordered core based tree (OCBT) protocol, which remedies several shortcomings of the core based tree (CBT) multicast protocol. We show that the CBT protocol can form loops during periods of routing instability, and that it can consistently fail to build a connected multicast tree, even when the underlying routing is stable. The OCBT protocol provably eliminates these deficiencies and reduces the latency of tree repair following a link or core failure. The OCBT also improves scalability by allowing flexible placement of the cores that serve as points of connection to a multicast tree. Simulation results show that the amount of control traffic in OCBT is comparable to that in CBT.
Critical role of PA28γ in hepatitis C virus-associated steatogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis (2007)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease that frequently leads to steatosis, cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV core protein is not only a component of viral particles but also a multifunctional protein because liver steatosis and HCC are developed in HCV core gene-transgenic (CoreTg) mice. Proteasome activator PA28gamma/REGgamma regulates host and viral proteins such as nuclear hormone receptors and HCV core protein. Here we show that a knockout of the PA28gamma gene induces the accumulation of HCV core protein in the nucleus of hepatocytes of CoreTg mice and disrupts development of both hepatic steatosis and HCC. Furthermore, the genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis and srebp-1c promoter activity were up-regulated by HCV core protein in the cell line and the mouse liver in a PA28gamma-dependent manner. Heterodimer composed of liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha) and retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRalpha) is known to up-regulate srebp-1c promoter activity. Our data also show that HCV core protein enhances the binding of LXRalpha/RXRalpha to LXR-response element in the presence but not the absence of PA28gamma. These findings suggest that PA28gamma plays a crucial role in the development of liver pathology induced by HCV infection.
Dopant-Segregated Ni-Silicide Schottky-Source/Drain CMOS on Strained-Si/SiGe Multiple Quantum-Well Channel on Bulk-Si (2006)

The authors report for the first time a high performance Schottky-barrier S/D transistor with strained-Si/SiGe multiple-quantum-well channel (MQW-SBT). Through dopant-segregation at Ni-silicide/Si interface and utilizing the smaller bandgap of channel materials, Schottky-barrier height was modulated resulting in Phi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> (to electron) ~0.13eV in n-MOS and Phi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> (hole) ~0.086 eV in p-MOS. This enhanced modulation in MQW helps to achieve high IDs with I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> ratio ~ 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6 </sup> . Significant mobility enhancements of 2.5times (electron) and 3.2times (hole) were achieved for MQW-SBTs over bulk Si DS-SBT