gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 1982 Critique on Gas Cycling Operations on Gas-Condensate Reservoirs (1983)

Abstract A discussion of gas-cycling operations in a gas-condensate reservoir cannot be complete without covering the full range of operations from drilling and well completion, reservoir analysis, surface handling of gas and liquids, LPG plant operation, gas compression, gas sales and reinjection. All of these factors are interrelated in a decision to start cycling and even more important, is the time to start and stop injection and the quantities of dry gas to be injected. The following discussion however, strictly deals with the reservoir aspects of cycling. It is recognised that in certain gas reservoirs at high pressures, oil condenses out of the gas phase with reduction in reservoir pressure contrary to the normal phase behaviour at low pressures. The process is called retrograde condensation. The production process called cycling aims at preventing further dropout of retrograde liquid as well as revaporizing the liquid phase so that it can be produced with the gas. Figure 1. is a typical phase diagram of a gas-condensate type reservoir. The pressure at which the first drop of liquid appears in the gas phase is called the dew point. Below the dew point pressure, further reduction in the reservoir pressure will increase the volume percent of liquids in the reservoir until the maximum liquids have been dropped out of the gas phase. Equilibrium volumes of the liquid and the gas phases at any pressure and temperature depend upon the composition of the mixture. The laboratory data collected by constant volume isothermal pressure reduction shows that at an intermediate pressure marked by point "A" in Figure 1. the liquid volume begins to decrease due to revaporization. However, not all of the liquids revaporize, even when the pressure is reduced to atmospheric pressure. From the reservoir point of view, it was assumed that the liquids dropped in the reservoir neither flow nor revaporize. Therefore, actual reservoir behaviour was calculated assuming a phase diagram shown by the dotted line on Figure 1.
Hardware/software codesign for mobile speech recognition (2013)

In this paper, we explore high performance software and hardware implementations of an automatic speech recognition system that can run locally on a mobile device. We automate the generation of key components of our speech recognition system using Three Fingered Jack, a tool for hardware/software codesign that maps computation to CPUs, data parallel processors, and custom hardware. We use Three Fingered Jack to explore energy and performance for two key kernels in our speech recognizer, the observation probability evaluation and across-word traversal. Through detailed hardware simulation and measurement, we produce accurate estimates for energy and area and show a significant energy improvement over a conventional mobile CPU.
Interactive constraint-based solid modeling using allowable motion (1993)

Thw paper presents a new approach to constraint-based solid modeliing that supports the interactive construction and modification oj solid models using SD in. puI devices such as a spaceball or dataglove. The goal is to develop a more intuitive, graphically based solid rnodelling system that ezploits the advances in 9D input devices. This goal has been achieved by integrating direct 3D manipulation and procedural constraint propagation approaches. The main contribution oj the paper is a technique re~err-edto as allowable motion that enables the accurate 3D posifionirrg of a solid model by automatically constraining its 3D manipuia. tions. Assembly relationship and geometric constratnt$ bettveen entities are automatically injerredfrom the 3D rnanijr. ulotion oj the solid model and stored in a Relationship
Monolithic waveguide coupled cavity lasers and modulators fabricated by impurity induced disordering (1988)

Describes results on AlGaAs integrated optoelectronic devices consisting of combinations of buried passive waveguide regions with active multiple quantum well gain regions. The authors have developed a technique for accomplishing this integration in which the waveguide regions have greatly reduced propagation loss at the gain wavelength of the active media. They have incorporated sections of waveguide into laser cavities, and the resulting low (7-11 mA) threshold currents and weak dependence of threshold current on waveguide length confirm the reduced loss and waveguiding nature of the waveguide regions. They have used these structures to monolithically couple laser amplifiers to electroabsorption modulators. Among their results on these devices are electroabsorption modulators with contrast ratios of 23:1 and monolithic Q-switch operation resulting in pulse widths of less than 200 ps. The relative simplicity with which these structures are fabricated via impurity induced disordering techniques promises to result in major impact on practical systems for monolithic integration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Laser-plasma synthesis of diamond films (1998)

A novel technique for plasma synthesis of diamond films (and in future of other materials) with the aid of a stationary optical discharge in flowing mixtures of reactant gases was proposed and experimentally implemented. The use of a cw CO2 laser of 2.5 kW power acting on an Xe — H2 — CH4 gaseous mixture, in an atmospheric-pressure reactor developed for the purpose, made it possible to achieve diamond film deposition rates of 30–50 μm h-1 on an area of 1 cm2. The characteristic features and advantages of this laser-plasma deposition technique are discussed.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Cu</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>ZnSnS</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>as a potential photovoltaic material: A hybrid Hartree-Fock density functional theory study (2009)

First-principles calculations for the potential photovoltaic material ${\text{Cu}}_{2}{\text{ZnSnS}}_{4}$ (CZTS) are presented using density functional theory and the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof exchange-correlation functional as well as using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional. The HSE results compare very favorably to experimental data for the lattice constants and the band gap, as demonstrated for CZTS and selected ternary chalcopyrites such as ${\text{CuInS}}_{2}$, ${\text{CuInSe}}_{2}$, ${\text{CuGaS}}_{2}$, and ${\text{CuGaSe}}_{2}$. Furthermore the HSE band structure is validated using ${G}_{0}{W}_{0}$ quasiparticle calculations. The valence band is found to be made up by an antibonding linear combination of $\text{Cu-}3d$ states and $\text{S-}3p$ states, whereas an isolated band made up by $\text{Sn-}5s$ and $\text{S-}3p$ states dominates the conduction band. In the visible wavelength, the optical properties are determined by transitions from the $\text{Cu-}3d/\text{S-}3p$ states into this conduction band. Comparison of the optical spectra calculated in the independent-particle approximation and using time-dependent hybrid functional theory indicates very small excitonic effects. For the structural properties, the kesterite-type structure of $I\overline{4}$ symmetry is predicted to be the most stable one, possibly along with cation disorder within the Cu-Zn layer. The energy differences between structural modifications are well approximated by a simple ionic model.
A multisensor diagnostic satellite cloud property retrieval scheme (2000)

Active sensor data, in the form of lidar and radar cloud vertical boundaries, are used as a priori information to passive sensor satellite retrievals of cloud optical depth and effective particle radius. Correct placement of cloud in the vertical eliminates the need to approximate cloud height from multispectral passive techniques and is shown to improve uncertainties in nighttime retrievals of thin cirrus in excess of 30%. The new method is exemplified by two casen studies using imager data from GOES but remains valid for any passive/active remote sensing application. A strength of this method is its ability to diagnose components of the retrieval uncertainty and thereby quantify retrieval performance. Errors associated with the forward model and measurement uncertainties, and an independent validation of the retrieval, are discussed.
Clinical and radiological profile of post-Stroke seizures (2017)

Aims: To know the incidence of early versus late post stroke seizures, and its type and time of occurrence after the stroke as well as its relation with different type of stroke and location of the involvement and correlation with different risk factors along with to know occurrence early versus late post stroke seizures in young versus old stroke patients.
Study Design: Observational study.  
Methodology: All the patients with the diagnosis of post-stroke seizures were included. Those with known epilepsy, sepsis, electrolyte imbalance, patient having old stroke presenting with fresh stroke and any other reversible precipitating factors were excluded. Data collected regarding the age, co-morbid conditions, details of seizures and radiological findings including type and location of stroke.
Results: Total of 100 subjects with post-stroke seizures were included. Fifty eight percent were males while 42% were females. Mean age of the study population was 57.6 ± 15 years. Eighteen patients had young stroke ( 45 years. Early post-stroke seizures were seen in 54% of patients. Rest of the patients i.e. 46%, had late-seizures. GTCS were the most common type of seizures seen in 72% patients, followed by partial motor with secondary generalization and partial motor seen in 20% and 8% of the patients respectively.  Sixty two percent of the patients had multiple episodes of seizures i.e. two or more than two episode while 38% had only single episode of seizure. Only 2% had status epilepticus. Eighty percent of the patient had Ischemic stroke while hemorrhagic stroke was seen in 20% of the patients.  Sixty two percent of the patient had cortical location of stroke while 38% had subcortical location. Comparison between early and late onset seizures revealed significant association between ischemic heart disease (IHD) and hypertension with late onset seizures (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in occurrence of early compared to late onset seizures in young and old patients.
Conclusion: Post-stroke seizures were more frequent in males, older age with history of hypertension, and with cortical ischemic strokes. Early seizures, multiple episodes and generalized seizure type were more common. History of ischemic heart disease and hypertension showed a strong relationship with the occurrence of late onset seizures. Long term prospective studies are required to know whether control of hypertension and IHD may lead to decrease incidence of post stroke seizures.

Keyword: Seizures, Stroke, Early versus Late Post stroke seizures
High-Performance Flexible Ultraviolet (UV) Phototransistor Using Hybrid Channel of Vertical ZnO Nanorods and Graphene (2015)

A flexible ultraviolet (UV) photodetector based on ZnO nanorods (NRs) as nanostructure sensing materials integrated into a graphene (Gr) field-effect transistor (FET) platform is investigated with high performance. Based on the negative shift of the Dirac point (VDirac) in the transfer characteristics of a phototransistor, high-photovoltage responsivity (RV) is calculated with a maximum value of 3 × 10(8) V W(-1). The peak response at a wavelength of ∼365 nm indicated excellent selectivity to UV light. The phototransistor also allowed investigation of the photocurrent responsivity (RI) and photoconductive gain (G) at various gate voltages, with maximum values of 2.5 × 10(6) A W(-1) and 8.3 × 10(6), respectively, at a gate bias of 5 V. The UV response under bending conditions was virtually unaffected and was unchanged after 10,000 bending cycles at a bending radius of 12 mm, subject to a strain of 0.5%. The attributes of high stability, selectivity, and sensitivity of this flexible UV photodetector based on a ZnO NRs/Gr hybrid FET indicate promising potential for future flexible optoelectronic devices.
Robust real-time visual tracking using dual-frame deep comparison network integrated with correlation filters (2017)

In recent years, applications of visual tracking algorithms has seen a substantial growth with deployments in intelligent robots such as drones for human tracking. The algorithms for such tasks has to be efficient in terms of computational cost while been robust, accurate and fast. Object tracking algorithms based on handcrafted heuristics and constraints are widely used in uav applications. The handcrafted heuristics are mostly implemented for task-oriented applications which limits the extensions in uav's capability beyond the predefined functions. This paper considers the challenges of tracking and landing an autonomous uav on a speed high moving target, and presents a visual tracking algorithm that integrates correlation filters with deep comparison network for real-time tracking with state-of-the-art accuracy. The method first tracks the target upto translation using an online learnt model via local search technique. The changes in scale is estimated by a deep comparison network (DCN) instead of the commonly used pyramidal approach. In a single network evaluation, DCN can estimate the changes in scale as well as compensate the drifting of the tracker by refining the object region estimated by the correlation filters. The network is end-to-end trained which attempts to learn a powerful matching function for object localization using a known template. Generally, the integrated framework can be viewed as coarse-to-fine level motion estimation. Moreover, the framework can redetect the lost target without a need for a separate detector.
Evaluating how many lions a small reserve can sustain : research article (2003)

A pride of lions (Panthera leo) was studied on a 15 km 2 
reserve using radio-telemetry. Kills were recorded from direct observations, as well as reserve management records. The prey base was enumerated by an aerial and road count and the standing biomass crop was calculated. The daily food intake per lioness was calculated to range from 4.1 ± 1.3 (S.E.) to 4.6 ± 2.4 (S.E.) kg / day. Two approaches for determining the sustainability of lions were evaluated : a) Large Herbivore Biomass (LHB) and b) Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) of the main prey. The term Lion Feeding Unit (LFU) was introduced to depict the feeding requirements of an adult lioness. It was calculated that the LHB could support 185 LFUs / 100 km 2 , which was clearly not sustainable in the context of prey declines at an LFU density of 50 LFUs / 100 km 2 . The MSY of prey could sustain 6.7 LFUs / 100 km 2 , which would reverse prey declines if prey populations were initially maintained at 1/2 K .This capacity was recommended for savannas receiving between 500 and 700 mm rainfall per annum, and where no other carnivores were present. This capacity was, however, too low for small reserves ( 2 ) where a large group of lions is needed for aesthetic and economic purposes. A trade-off is suggested where a normal pride size (4-10) is prescribed, but with the understanding that prey declines are inevitable and that prey will need to be replenished on an annual basis.
Performance Models of Asynchronous Multitrunk HYPERchannel Networks (1987)

The HYPERchannel communication network based on one to four trunks, or channels is considered. We develop closed queueing models with dependent servers which characterize the network performance as a function of the number of channels, the channel load, the number of stations and the packet length distribution. For analyzing the network behavior with constant packet length we introduce techniques for representing the actual asynchronous network operation by a tractable "sequential synchronous" model. Throughput and delay measures are in this way obtained for asynchronous systems operating with constant or exponential service times. The developed approach can also be used for obtaining tractable analyses of other asynchronous systems, such as multiprocessors employing multiple-bus interconnection. In the case of HYPERchannel networks, we apply the introduced models for analyzing multi- trunk network behavior and for predicting the number of channels needed to obtain a required packet-delay/trunk-utilization performance. In HYPERchannel networks the observed results are of special significance since they are most pronounced when the number of stations is small, the situation found in the majority of operational networks.
Modular multiplication and base extensions in residue number systems (2002)

We present a new RNS modular multiplication for very large operands. The algorithm is based on Montgomery's (1985) method adapted to residue arithmetic. By choosing the moduli of the RNS system reasonably large, an effect corresponding to a redundant high-radix implementation is achieved, due to the carry-free nature of residue arithmetic. The actual computation in the multiplication takes place in constant time, where the unit of time is a few simple residue operations. However, it is necessary twice to convert values from one residue system into another, operations which take O(n) time on O(n) processors, where n is the number of moduli in the RNS systems. Thus these conversions are the bottlenecks of the method, and any future improvements in RNS base conversions, or the use of particular residue systems, can immediately be applied.
Can Asset Markets Be Manipulated? A Field Experiment With Racetrack Betting (1998)

To test whether naturally occurring markets can be strategically manipulated, $500 and $1,000 bets were made, then canceled, at horse racing tracks. The net effects of these costless temporary bets give clues about how market participants react to information large bets might contain. The bets moved odds on horses visibly (compared to matched‐pair control horses with similar prebet odds) and had a slight tendency to draw money toward the horse that was temporarily bet, but the net effect was close to zero and statistically insignificant. the results suggest that some bettors inferred information from bets and others did not, and their reactions roughly canceled out.
Pyramidal Neurons in Rat Prefrontal Cortex Projecting to Ventral Tegmental Area and Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Express 5-HT2A Receptors (2008)

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in higher brain functions altered in schizophrenia. Classical antipsychotics modulate cortico-limbic circuits mainly through subcortical D2 receptor blockade, whereas second generation (atypical) antipsychotics preferentially target cortical 5-HT receptors. Anatomical and functional evidence supports a PFC-based control of the brainstem monoaminergic nuclei. Using a combination of retrograde tracing experiments and in situ hybridization we report that a substantial proportion of PFC pyramidal neurons projecting to the dorsal raphe (DR) and/or ventral tegmental area (VTA) express 5-HT(2A) receptors. Cholera-toxin B application into the DR and the VTA retrogradely labeled projection neurons in the medial PFC (mPFC) and in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). In situ hybridization of 5-HT(2A) receptor mRNA in the same tissue sections labeled a large neuronal population in mPFC and OFC. The percentage of DR-projecting neurons expressing 5-HT(2A) receptor mRNA was approximately 60% in mPFC and approximately 75% in OFC (n = 3). Equivalent values for VTA-projecting neurons were approximately 55% in both mPFC and ventral OFC. Thus, 5-HT(2A) receptor activation/blockade in PFC may have downstream effects on dopaminergic and serotonergic systems via direct descending pathways. Atypical antipsychotics may distally modulate monoaminergic cells through PFC 5-HT(2A) receptor blockade, presumably decreasing the activity of neurons receiving direct cortical inputs.
Vesicles of variable diameter prepared by a modified injection method (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVesicles of variable diameter prepared by a modified injection methodJ. M. H. Kremer, M. W. Van der Esker, C. Pathmamanoharan, and P. H. WiersemaCite this: Biochemistry 1977, 16, 17, 3932–3935Publication Date (Print):August 23, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 23 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00636a033https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00636a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1606Altmetric-Citations441LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phosphor-Free White Light From InGaN Blue and Green Light-Emitting Diode Chips Covered With Semiconductor-Conversion AlGaInP Epilayer (2008)

A phosphor-free white lamp was fabricated using the InGaN-based blue and green light-emitting diode (LED) chips covered with semiconductor-conversion layer AlGalnP. The lamp can provide three bands: a 460-nm blue emission coming from the blue LED, a 555-nm green emission coming from the green LED, and 630-nm red emission coming from the excited AlGalnP epilayer. As 50 mA was injected into the white lamp at room temperature, the chromaticity coordinates and correlated color temperature (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> ) are (0.338,0.335) and 5348 K, respectively. By separating injection current into blue and green LED chips, T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> of lamp can be tuned from about 4000 K to 5400 K.
Positioning in LTE (2011)

This chapter describes the positioning standard for the long-term evolution (LTE) cellular system. First, it gives a review of the LTE architecture and air interface. The chapter then proceeds with a discussion of positioning requirements, positioning architectures, and signaling. It addresses service discrimination by a description of how positioning method sequences and prior information can be constructed and configured. The chapter describes the coordinate systems and the transformations used in positioning systems, and then discusses backbone cell ID method. Two approaches to fingerprinting positioning are described: the pattern matching method and the self-learning adaptive enhanced cell ID (AECID) method. The chapter then discusses the satellite navigation functionality provided by the assisted global navigation satellite system (A-GNSS) and techniques for transformation between the formats. It ends with a section on the predicted performance of the methods in different environments, thereby indicating how they are best applied. Controlled Vocabulary Terms fingerprint identification; identification technology; long term evolution; Long-term evolution cellular system; position measurement; satellite navigation; string matching