gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue‐resident Eomes<sup>hi</sup> T‐bet<sup>lo</sup> CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK cells with reduced proinflammatory potential are enriched in the adult human liver (2016)

The adult human liver is enriched with natural killer (NK) cells, accounting for 30-50% of hepatic lymphocytes, which include tissue-resident hepatic NK-cell subpopulations, distinct from peripheral blood NK cells. In murine liver, a subset of liver-resident hepatic NK cells have altered expression of the two highly related T-box transcription factors, T-bet and eomesodermin (Eomes). Here, we investigate the heterogeneity of T-bet and Eomes expression in NK cells from healthy adult human liver with a view to identifying human liver-resident populations. Hepatic NK cells were isolated from donor liver perfusates and biopsies obtained during orthotopic liver transplantation (N = 28). Hepatic CD56(bright) NK cells were Eomes(hi) T-bet(lo) , a phenotype virtually absent from peripheral blood. These NK cells express the chemokine receptor CXCR6 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6), a marker of tissue residency, which is absent from hepatic CD56(dim) and blood NK cells. Compared to blood populations, these hepatic CD56(bright) NK cells have increased expression of activatory receptors (NKp44, NKp46, and NKG2D). They show reduced ability to produce IFN-γ but enhanced degranulation in response to challenge with target cells. This functionally distinct population of hepatic NK cells constitutes 20-30% of the total hepatic lymphocyte repertoire and represents a tissue-resident immune cell population adapted to the tolerogenic liver microenvironment.
Oxygen requirements of Aspergillus species (1994)

The growth of 24 Aspergillus isolates at low oxygen tensions was assessed. Isolates selected included A. fumigatus (10), A. terreus (6), A. niger (6), A. nidulans (1) and A. flavus (1). Three different agar media were used--potato dextrose agar (PDA), pH 5.6; brain heart infusion (BHI), pH 7.4; and a specially developed medium (Hall's) containing resazurin--with oxygen concentrations of 0, 0.025, 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5%. The CO2 concentration was 5%. Agar plates were inoculated with 2 x 10(7) conidia/ml, loaded into jars and flushed with a special gas mixture at 37 degrees C. The plates were inspected at intervals of 3, 5 and 10 days. On Hall's medium, none of the isolates grew at oxygen concentrations of 0 or 0.025%, but 21 (88%) of 24 grew at 0.1%. On PDA and BH1, all 14 isolates tested grew at oxygen concentrations of 0.5 and 2.5%. Three of these 14 conidiated on PDA at oxygen 0.5% and 12 of 14 conidiated on PDA at oxygen 2.5%. None grew without oxygen on these media. Thus, pathogenic Aspergillus spp. are capable of growth at low oxygen tensions, and this may have implications for pathogenicity and antifungal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploring the Properties and Applications of Nanoceria: Is There Still Plenty of Room at the Bottom? (2015)

Abstract Review: 115 refs.
Technologies and methods for interactive exhibit design: from wireless object & body tracking to wearable computers (1999)

We present three interactive exhibit projects which add technology to the museum space or to the museum visitor. We propose a technological intervention which helps curators and designers to achieve a balance between leisure and learning and help them be more effective in conveying story and meaning. This is made possible by tracking people and objects with wireless and unencumbering real-time computer-vision techniques, and with wearable computers which can respond to the context and presence of the visitor along the path of the exhibit. By using these techniques museums can present a larger variety and more connected material in an engaging manner within the limited physical space available. They can also enrich and personalize the visit with a wearable computer-driven visual and auditory storyteller which can adapt and guide the public through the path of the exhibit. All these svstems enhance the memory of thevisit and help build a constructiviststyle learning experience for the public.
Sensor Abstraction Layer: a unique software interface to effectively manage sensor networks (2007)

In this paper, we present a sensor abstraction layer (SAL) which provides instrument middleware architectures with a consistent and uniform view of heterogenous sensor networks regardless of the technologies involved. SAL is designed to run on sensor gateways (also referred to as base stations) and aggregates multiple sensing technologies. The many hardware disparities and specificities related to accessing, probing and piloting heterogenous sensors are hidden and abstracted by SAL, which in turn offers a single, stable and hardware-independent interface to manage the entire network. The result is a single software library which aggregates multiple heterogenous sensor networks, hides their disparities, provides consistent access and control functions, and allows middleware software to be technology-independent.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of CO Bonds: Stoichiometric and Catalytic Reactions (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microarray Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Stromal Tissue Reveals Upregulation of Two Oncogenic miRNA Clusters (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Cancer stroma plays an important role in the progression of cancer. Although alterations in miRNA expression have been explored in various kinds of cancers, the expression of miRNAs in cancer stroma has not been explored in detail. Experimental Design: Using a laser microdissection technique, we collected RNA samples specific for epithelium or stroma from 13 colorectal cancer tissues and four normal tissues, and miRNA microarray and gene expression microarray were carried out. The expression status of miRNAs was confirmed by reverse transcriptase PCR. Furthermore, we investigated whether miRNA expression status in stromal tissue could influence the clinicopathologic factors. Results: Oncogenic miRNAs, including two miRNA clusters, miR-17-92a and miR-106b-25 cluster, were upregulated in cancer stromal tissues compared with normal stroma. Gene expression profiles from cDNA microarray analyses of the same stromal tissue samples revealed that putative targets of these miRNA clusters, predicted by Target Scan, such as TGFBR2, SMAD2, and BMP family genes, were significantly downregulated in cancer stromal tissue. Downregulated putative targets were also found to be involved in cytokine interaction and cellular adhesion. Importantly, expression of miR-25 and miR-92a in stromal tissues was associated with a variety of clinicopathologic factors. Conclusions: Oncogenic miRNAs were highly expressed in cancer stroma. Although further validation is required, the finding that stromal miRNA expression levels were associated with clinicopathologic factors suggests the possibility that miRNAs in cancer stroma are crucially involved in cancer progression. Clin Cancer Res; 18(11); 3054–70. ©2012 AACR.
Measurement of Free Desipramine in Serum by Ultrafiltration with Immunoassay (1992)

We developed an ultrafiltration method for assaying free desipramine (DMI) in serum. An ultrafiltrate of DMI-containing serum was prepared by centrifugation through an Amicon Centrifree micropartition filter. Syva DMI solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns were used to extract the DMI from the serum and ultrafiltrate. The Syva monoclonal EMIT assay was used to quantify the DMI in the extract. In some experiments, the percent free DMI was quantified with radioactivity. Nonspecific losses of DMI in serum to the ultrafilter system were low (recoveries > 91%). Extraction of [3H]DMI from phosphate-buffered saline (to mimic serum ultrafiltrate) with the Syva SPE system was quantitative (recoveries of 98.4% +/- 4.6%). Free DMI concentrations, derived from serum containing 2.5-2500 micrograms/L DMI, were determined by ultrafiltration; results agreed well with values determined by equilibrium dialysis, the average percent of free DMI being 18.4% +/- 0.25% and 15.9% +/- 0.51%, respectively. To increase the sensitivity of the free DMI assay in the therapeutic range (total DMI 125-300 micrograms/L), we increased fourfold the ultrafiltrate volume applied to the SPE column. For free DMI at 11-130 micrograms/L, the within-run and between-run CVs for the ultrafiltration method were < 9% and < 15%, respectively. Binding of DMI to serum proteins decreased over the pH range 6.0-8.0, although temperatures between 20 and 28 degrees C did not affect binding. The ultrafiltration assay is fast, accurate, simple, and adaptable to standard laboratory instrumentation.
Dynamic contrast‐enhanced myocardial perfusion MRI accelerated with <i>k‐t</i> sense (2007)

In the k-t sensitivity encoding (k-t SENSE) method spatiotemporal data correlations are exploited to accelerate data acquisition in dynamic MRI studies. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of applying k-t SENSE to contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion MRI and using the speed-up to increase spatial resolution. At a net acceleration factor of 3.9 (k-t factor of 5 with 11 training profiles) accurate representations of dynamic signal intensity (SI) changes were achieved in computer simulations. In vivo, 5x k-t SENSE was compared with 2x SENSE (identical acquisition parameters except for in-plane spatial resolution = 1.48 x 1.48 mm(2) vs. 2.64 x 2.64 mm(2), respectively). In 10 volunteers no differences in myocardial SI profiles were found (relative peak enhancement = 151% vs. 149.7%, maximal upslope = 12.9%/s vs. 13.3%/s for 2x SENSE and 5x k-t SENSE, respectively, all P > 0.05). Overall image quality was similar, but endocardial dark rim artifacts were reduced with k-t SENSE. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the myocardium was greater with 5x k-t SENSE by a factor of 1.36 +/- 0.23 at peak contrast enhancement with the relative yield decreasing with increasing dynamics in the object in accordance to theory. Higher nominal acceleration factors of up to 10-fold were shown to be feasible in computer simulations and in vivo.
IP address multiplexing for VEEs (2014)

The number of publicly accessible virtual execution environments (VEEs) has been growing steadily in the past few years. To be accessible by clients, such VEEs need either a public IPv4 or a public IPv6 address. However, the pool of available public IPv4 addresses is nearly depleted and the low rate of adoption of IPv6 precludes its use. Therefore, what is needed is a way to share precious IPv4 public addresses among a large pool of VEEs. Our insight is that if an IP address is assigned at the time of a client DNS request for the VEE's name, it is possible to share a single public IP address amongst a set of VEEs whose workloads are not network intensive, such as those hosting personal servers or performing data analytics. We investigate several approaches to multiplexing a pool of global IP addresses among a large number of VEEs, and design a system that overcomes the limitations of current approaches. We perform a qualitative and quantitative comparison of these solutions. We find that upon receiving a DNS request from a client, our solution has a latency as low as 1 ms to allocate a public IP address to a VEE, while keeping the size of the required IP address pool close to the minimum possible.
Substance P augments tumor necrosis factor release in human monocyte-derived macrophages (1994)

Substance P (SP) is an undecapeptide that has the amino sequence Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gin-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2 and that belongs to a family of structurally related peptides known as tachykinins, the latter are widely distributed in the central nervous system. SP is involved in the biological activities of cells in the immune system, including the induction of cytokines in immune cells. We have investigated the effects of SP on constitutive and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in cultured blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Cells cultured in vitro for 14 days were treated with SP at various concentrations (10(-10) to 10(-6M) in the presence of LPS before culture supernatants were harvested. TNF bioactivity in culture supernatants was measured with L929 cell line MDM from 10 of 12 donors treated with a SP alone showed increased TNF production. SP and LPS also interacted in a synergistic fashion in upregulating TNF production in MDM from responders. The stimulatory effect of SP was inhibited by two SP antagonists, spantide ([D-Arg-1-D-Trp-7-D-Trp-7-D-Trp-9-leu-11]-SP) and CP-96,345 (a nonpeptide antagonist of the SP receptor). In addition, an anti SP polyclonal antibody blocked the SP effect on TNF production in cultured MDM, further indicating the specificity of these effects. These results demonstrate that SP is an important regulator of monokine production by human monocytes/macrophages.
Squeeze film damping effect on the dynamic response of a MEMS torsion mirror (1998)

This paper presents analytical solutions for the effect of squeeze film damping on a MEMS torsion mirror. Both the Fourier series solution and the double sine series solution are derived for the linearized Reynold equation which is obtained under the assumption of small displacements. Analytical formulae for the squeeze film pressure variation and the squeeze film damping torque on the torsion mirror are derived. They are functions of the rotation angle and the angular velocity of the mirror. On the other hand, to verify the analytical modeling, the implicit finite difference method is applied to solve the nonlinear isothermal Reynold equation, and thus numerically determine the squeeze film damping torque on the mirror. The damping torques based on both the analytical modeling and the numerical modeling are then used in the equation of motion of the torsion mirror which is solved by the Runge-Kutta numerical method. We find that the dynamic angular response of the mirror based on the analytical damping model matches very well with that based on the numerical damping model. We also perform experimental measurements and obtain results which are consistent with those obtained from the analytical and numerical damping models. Although the analytical damping model is derived under the assumption of harmonic response of the torsion mirror, it is shown that with the air spring effect neglected, this damping model is still valid for the case of nonharmonic response. The dependence of the damping torque on the ambient pressure is also considered and found to be insignificant in a certain regime of the ambient pressure. Finally, the convergence of the series solutions is discussed, and an approximate one term formula is presented for the squeeze film damping torque on the torsion mirror.
Accelerometer Response to Physical Activity Intensity in Normal-Weight Versus Overweight African American Children (2011)

All 4 accelerometers show high ability to assess physical activity intensity, and can be used to compare physical activity between normal-weight and overweight children. The Lifecorder and the ActiGraph showed high accuracy in assessing steps, providing speed of movement exceeded 2 km/h.
IL-4 and IL-13 Negatively Regulate TNF-α- and IFN-γ-Induced β-Defensin Expression through STAT-6, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS)-1, and SOCS-3 (2007)

Human beta-defensins (HBDs) are a major class of antimicrobial peptides that play an important role in the innate immune response, however, the induction and regulation of these antimicrobial peptides is not well understood. We demonstrate here that stimulation of keratinocytes with TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma induces HBD-2 and HBD-3 by activating STAT-1 and NF-kappaB signaling. We further demonstrate that IL-4 and IL-13 activate STAT-6 and induce the suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1 and -3. This interferes with STAT-1 and NF-kappaB signaling, thereby inhibiting TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma-mediated induction of HBD-2 and HBD-3. These data suggest that targeting the STAT-1-signaling pathway or suppressor of cytokine signaling expression enhances beta-defensin expression and represents a new therapeutic strategy for reduction of infection in human diseases associated with beta-defensin deficiency.
Intelligent distribution and logistics (2006)

The paper begins by reviewing current thinking of positioning organisations in the context of the supply network in which they operate. A number of factors – grouped under social and economic trends and IST – that will influence supply chains of the future are then outlined. Two scenarios for future development, and eight factors that will influence supply chains over the next 50 years, are then proposed.
Absolute Photoluminescence Quantum Yields of IR-26 Dye, PbS, and PbSe Quantum Dots (2010)

In this study, we have directly measured the photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL) of IR-26 at a range of concentrations and the ΦPL of PbS and PbSe QDs for a range of sizes. We find that the ΦPL of IR-26 has a weak concentration dependence due to reabsorption, with a ΦPL of 0.048 ± 0.002% for low concentrations, lower than previous reports by a full order of magnitude. We also find that there is a dramatic size dependence for both PbS and PbSe QDs, with the smallest dots exhibiting a ΦPL in excess of 60%, while larger dots fall below 3%. A model, including nonradiative transition between electronic states and energy transfer to ligand vibrations, appears to explain this size dependence. These findings provide both a better characterization of photoluminescence for near-infrared emitters and some insight into how improved QDs can be developed.
Direct DNA Conjugation to Star Polymers for Controlled Reversible Assemblies (2011)

Polymer biomolecule hybrids represent a powerful class of highly customizable nanomaterials. Here, we report star-polymer conjugates with DNA using a "ligandless" Cu(I) promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reaction. The multivalency of the star-polymer architecture allows for the concomitant conjugation of other molecules along with the DNA, and the conjugation method provides control over the DNA orientation. The star-polymer DNA nanoparticles are shown to assemble into higher-order nanoassemblies through hybridization. Further, we show that the DNA strands can be utilized in controlled disassembly of the nanostructures.
Pre-B cell leukemia associated with chromosome translocation 1;19 (1984)

Chromosome banding studies on 60 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), including “null,” pre-B, B, and T cell phenotypes, were performed. In 4 of 17 patients with pre-B cell ALL, we noted a previously undescribed chromosome translocation, t(1;19)(q23;q13). This translocation was not found in patients with “null” cell, B cell, or T cell ALL. Since each patient with the 1;19 translocation experienced early treatment failure, t(1;19)(q23;q13) may mark a subgroup of patients with pre-B cell ALL who have an especially poor prognosis.
Development of a high bandwidth merged logic/DRAM multimedia chip (1997)

This paper describes the design methodology and the implementation of a merged logic/DRAM multimedia chip. The design is based on 0.25 micron DRAM-based CMOS technology with 4-layers of metal with device performance enhancement. Details of the architecture and system design of the multi-media was described in Katayama et. al. (1996). The present chip consists of 64 Mb of synchronous DRAM which is organized in two banks of eight 8 Mb SDRAM macros, a gate-array memory control and bus control unit, a custom-designed 8/spl times/32-bit parallel graphic processor, a 64-bit parallel ports for data transfer to/from the host processor bus, a 32-bit serial port for video display, and on-chip PLL. The multi-media co-processor chip provides high-density unified memory, high bus bandwidth (4.3 GB/s peak) and 1+GB/s BITBLT processing functions for an external host processor. The current design, floorplan and layout are structured in a way that, we believe, will provide a general framework for other merged logic/DRAM, ASIC+DRAM design for system scale integration.
Inhibitory effect of mesenchymal stem cells on lymphocyte proliferation (2008)

We investigated the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on non-specific mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes (LCs) and lymphoblasts (LBs). We used MSCs of passages 2-8 prepared from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. LCs were isolated from the spleens of SD rats. Mixed LCs reactions of mitomycin C-treated MSCs with concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated LCs or LBs were performed, and the proliferation inhibition effect was tested by MTS assay. The cytotoxicity of MSCs against naïve and ConA-stimulated LBs was detected, after co-culturing for 24 h, by lactate dehydrogenase release assay. The rate of apoptosis of ConA-stimulated LBs was measured by flow cytometry after incubation with MSCs for 9 h in the ratio 10:1. The MSCs were treated with Fas ligand (FasL), transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and interleukin (IL)-10 blocking antibodies and co-cultured with ConA-stimulated LBs to observe the apoptosis and growth inhibitory effect. The main outcomes were bone marrow-derived adherent CD29+, CD44+, CD45-, CD54+, CD95+, and SH-2+ MSCs. FasL, TGF-beta, and IL-10 production by MSCs were visualized by immunocytochemical analysis. MSCs exhibited a dose-dependent growth inhibitory effect on ConA-stimulated LCs and LBs. When treated with anti-FasL and anti-IL-10 blocking antibodies, the inhibitory effect of MSCs on LBs proliferation, and the effect of apoptosis induction on LBs decreased. Anti-TGF-beta blocking antibody treatment did not significantly influence MSCs. Therefore, the inhibitory effects of MSCs against activated LBs were significantly stronger than that against naïve LCs. FasL and IL-10, rather than TGF-beta, play important roles in the immunosuppressive effects of MSCs.
Equivalent spatial-rotation deficits in normal aging and alzheimer's disease (1988)

Two tests of spatial-rotation ability were administered to 17 young normals, 23 aged normals, and 51 patients with diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The AD patients consisted of 28 early dementia patients and 23 advanced dementia patients. On a computerized version of the Boston Naming Test, 40 objects were presented for naming, 20 of which were rotated 180 degrees. The subjects' capacity for mental rotation was assessed on the basis of their accuracy of naming of rotated vs. unrotated objects. On Money's Standardized Road Map Test, in which the subject is asked whether turns on a map are to the left or to the right, spatial-rotation ability was assessed on the basis of the subject's left-right orientation on turns with movement away from the subject (requiring no rotation) vs. turns with movement toward the subject (requiring rotation). Performance on both tasks was progressively worse in the young normal, aged normal, early dementia, and advanced dementia groups. Both tasks demonstrated a clear spatial-rotation deficit in the elderly. Although the spatial-rotation effect was superimposed upon deficits in naming and left-right orientation in the demented subjects, the magnitude of the rotation effect did not significantly differ in the aged normal vs. the early dementia group on either task, suggesting that early AD produces no further impairment of spatial-rotation abilities than is produced by normal aging.