gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mineralization of 3-phenoxybenzoate by a two-membered bacterial co-culture (1990)

3-Phenoxybenzoic acid is an intermediate in the degradation of several pyrethroid insecticides in soil. Two pseudomonads were isolated together on vitamin-supplemented nutrient agar from 3-phenoxybenzoate enrichment of an agricultural soil. One isolate, designated 13b, grew on 3-phenoxybenzoate in mineral salts medium producing stoichiometric amounts of phenol. It degraded 3-[phenoxy- 14 C(U)]phenoxybenzoate to [ 14 C(U)]phenol and did not assimilate any 14 C from this molecule. It metabolized [carboxyl- 14 C]3-phenoxybenzoate but not [ 14 C(U)]phenol. It also produced 4-chlorophenol and p-cresol from 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzoate and 3-(4-methylphenoxy)benzoate, respectively. This indicated that isolate 13b transformed the benzoate but not the phenoxy moiety of 3-phenoxybenzoate. The second isolate, designated 13a, did not metabolize 3-phenoxybenzoate but grew on and mineralized phenol. Incubation of 3-phenoxybenzoate with isolates 13a and 13b together resulted in the degradation of both aromatic nuclei. Key words: 3-phenoxybenzoate, bacterial degradation, mineralization, pyrethroid.
Prediction of earthquake in Yunnan region based on the AHC over sampling (2010)

The data of earthquake of magnitude 3.5 or greater that happened during the 1970 and 2008 in Yunnan region (22 degrees and 28 degrees north, 98 degrees and 104 degrees east) were compiled and analyzed in this paper. After calculating the seismicity indicators and constructing the initial data set, AHC over sampling method was used on the imbalanced data. Then small earthquakes and large ones during the 1999 and 2008 were predicted and verified with the support vector machines (SVM) which contains different error cost. The result performs well, and it provides a new way for the earthquake prediction.
VAGAL DEFLATION AND INFLATION REFLEXES MEDIATED BY LUNG IRRITANT RECEPTORS (1970)

Lung irritant receptors in anaesthetized rabbits are stimulated by deflations and large inflations of the lungs, with irregular and rather rapidly adapting discharges. After deflation the spontaneous discharge of the receptors is increased, and dynamic compliance is decreased. After inflation the spontaneous discharge is decreased, and compliance is increased. The responses of the receptors to inflation and deflation and the relationship with compliance suggest that they are part of the vagal reflex mechanism stimulating breathing or inspiratory activity in these conditions.
A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of age effects of electrophysiological measures in hyperactive and normal children. (1984)

Longitudinal and cross-sectional event-related potential, EEG power spectral, and skin conductance level data were obtained from 138 hyperactive and 60 normal boys. A age-by-diagnosis interaction was found for several measures in the cross-sectional data and for all three types of measures in the longitudinal data. These findings emphasize the importance of age in electrophysiological studies of young children and strongly suggest an abnormal maturational process in hyperactive children.
Raindrop (2003)

XML stream applications bring the challenge of efficiently processing queries on sequentially accessible token-based data. While the automata model is naturally suited for pattern matching on tokenized XML streams, the algebraic model in contrast is a well-established technique for set-oriented processing of self-contained tuples. However, neither automata nor algebraic models are well-equipped to handle both computation paradigms.
Inherited prion diseases. (1994)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Epidermal growth factor stimulates phosphorylation of RAF-1 independently of receptor autophosphorylation and internalization (1991)

Phosphorylation of the RAF-1 protooncogene product and activation of its associated serine/threonine kinase are common features of the response of cells to peptide growth factors. We have used wild-type and mutant epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors to investigate mechanisms of RAF-1 phosphorylation. In vivo EGF treatment rapidly stimulated phosphorylation of RAF-1 exclusively on serine residues. Stimulation of RAF-1 phosphorylation occurred at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C and persisted after dissociation of EGF from its receptor. EGF-induced RAF-1 serine phosphorylation required the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF receptor but was independent of EGF receptor self-phosphorylation and of ligand-induced receptor internalization. Down-regulation of protein kinase C did not affect the EGF-induced increase in RAF-1 phosphorylation. These data suggest that the activated tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF receptor enhances serine phosphorylation of RAF-1 via an intermediary molecule(s).
Comparison of Different Reactor Types Used in the Manufacture of Ethoxylated, Propoxylated Products (2005)

Ethoxylation and/or propoxylation are performed in industry to produce surfactants and polyglycols. The reaction is normally promoted by an alkaline catalyst (such as NaOH or KOH) and is performed in gas−liquid stirred reactors, Venturi loop reactors, and spray tower loop reactors. In the first two types of reactors, the gas phase is dispersed into the liquid phase; on the contrary, in the latter case, the liquid phase is dispersed into the gaseous one. In this paper, the key factors in ethoxylation/propoxylation technology will be examined: (i) the types of reactors employed and their performances; (ii) the role of kinetics and mass transfer in the process; and (iii) safety.
Induction of T cell responses to the invariant chain derived peptide CLIP in mice immunized with the group 1 allergen of house dust mite (1996)

In this study we demonstrate that immunization of H-2(b) mice with the allergen Der p 1 induces MHC class II restricted T cells that proliferate to residues 15-29 of Der p 1 (p15-29) and to the murine MHC class II-associated invariant chain derived peptide (CLIP). T cells from naive H-2(b) mice and those immunized with murine CLIP fail to respond to either CLIP or p15-29. T cell lines and clones reactive with p15-29 strongly proliferate in response to splenic antigen-presenting cells (APC) from normal H-2(b) mice but show reduced proliferation to APC from invariant chain deficient mice. Furthermore, T cells isolated from Der p 1 primed mice and expanded on H-2(b) spleen cells in the absence of the p15-29 epitope retained specificity for both p15-29 and CLIP, suggesting that naturally presented self components can act as mimetic peptides and may maintain T cell memory to foreign antigens.
Zur Kenntnis der Ketene. Über die Reaktionsfähigkeit des Carbonyls (1911)

Die geringe Reaktionsfiihigkeit der Saurechloride beruht nicht etwa darauf, daB dieselben sich mit dem Keten sehr rasch in --
A Study of Attached and Oriented Human Periodontal Ligament Cells to Periodontally Diseased Cementum and Dentin After Demineralizing With Neutral and Low pH Etching Solution (2000)

Background: This study aimed to evaluate quantitatively the migrated, attached, and oriented human periodontal ligament cells (HPLC) to periodontally diseased cementum and dentin after demineralization with low and neutral pH etching solution. Methods: Human teeth, extracted due to periodontal diseases, were scaled and root planed so that cementum remained on one longitudinal half of the root and dentin was exposed on the other half. Forty root slices of 200 µm thickness, obtained from the mid‐third of these roots, were divided into four groups: group 1, demineralized with a saturated solution of citric acid (pH 1.20); group 2, with 24% EDTA (pH 7.04); group 3, with tetracycline HCl 100 mg/ml (pH 2.00); and group 4, only scaled and root planed (control). Root slices were placed over the confluent HPLC in 35 mm culture dishes and incubated. Phase contrast microscopic photographs of attached and oriented refractile HPLC to root surfaces were taken at days 1, 3, and 7. Quantitative analysis of attached and oriented HPLC from these photographs was done using special software. Results: The results showed no significant difference in the attachment and orientation index of HPLC to cementum compared to dentin in any method of demineralization at each time point ( P >0.05), although there was a significantly higher cell attachment and orientation index to demineralized dentin with EDTA and citric acid than to non‐etched dentin and to all 3 demineralized cementum surfaces compared to non‐etched cementum ( P <0.05). Conclusions: EDTA and citric acid demineralization may enhance HPLC attachment and orientation to the root surface, and it is not always necessary to remove excessive cementum when the demineralizing procedure is used. J Periodontol 2000; 71:1094‐1099.
Pronounced Benefit of Coronary Stenting and Adjunctive Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition in Complex Atherosclerotic Lesions (2000)

The combination of stenting and abciximab during percutaneous coronary interventions for patients with angiographically complex lesions confers additive long-term benefit with respect to death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.
Effect of Cobalt Doping on the Phase Transformation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> Nanoparticles (2005)

Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles containing 0.0085, 0.017, 0.0255, 0.034, and 0.085 mol % Co(III) ion dopant were synthesized via sol-gel and dip-coating techniques. The effects of metal ion doping on the transformation of anatase to the rutile phase have been investigated. Several analytical tools, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) were used to investigate the nanoparticle structure, size distribution, and composition. Results obtained revealed that the rutile to anatase concentration ratio increases with increase of the cobalt dopant concentration and annealing temperature. The typical composition of Co-doped TiO2 was Ti(1-x)Co(x)O2, where x values ranged from 0.0085 to 0.085. The activation energy for the phase transformation from anatase to rutile was measured to be 229, 222, 211, and 195 kJ/mole for 0.0085, 0.017, 0.0255, and 0.034 mol % Co in TiO2, respectively.
Suppressive properties of human CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells are dependent on CTLA‐4 expression (2004)

It has been demonstrated that T cells with regulatory properties are present within the peripheral blood CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell compartment. Here, we describe an original method to purify human CD4(+)CD25(+)CD152(+) T lymphocytes as living cells by forcing the exportation of CTLA-4 molecules stored in intracellular vesicules at the cell surface. By doing so, we demonstrate that CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells contain a smaller and more homogeneous population enriched in cells with in vitro regulatory activity. Moreover, we show that this enrichment in regulatory T cells is associated with an increased expression of Foxp3 and that CD4(+)CD25(+)CD152(+) T lymphocytes display a much stronger suppressive activity in controlling in vitro proliferation of alloantigen-specific T cells than CD4(+)CD25(+)CD152(-) T lymphocytes purified in parallel. Lastly, by purifying such cells expressing CTLA-4, we demonstrate that indeed CTLA-4 is involved in CD4(+)CD25(+)CD152(+) T cell regulatory activity, while suppressive cytokines are not.
Ingestion of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> Induces Secretory Immunoglobulin A and Caries Immunity (1976)

Ingestion of killed cells of a highly cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans induced specific antibodies in both saliva and milk but not in serum of gnotobiotic rats. These antibodies were associated with the immunoglobulin A class. When infected with Streptococcus mutans, orally immunized animals developed significantly fewer carious lesions than nonimmunized infected controls.
The Logic of Business Unity: Corporate Contributions to the 1980 Congressional Elections (1986)

Dan Clawson, Alan Neustadtl, James Bearden, The Logic of Business Unity: Corporate Contributions to the 1980 Congressional Elections, American Sociological Review, Vol. 51, No. 6 (Dec., 1986), pp. 797-811
Synthesis of Novel Sr Sources for Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (1994)

Novel Sr source materials for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of SrTiO 3 have been developed. They were synthesized by adding amine, triethylenetetramine (trien) or tetraethylenepentamine (tetraen), to bis-dipivaloylmethanato strontium ( Sr(DPM) 2 , or strontium-bis-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate). The new sources, Sr(DPM) 2 -trien 2 and Sr(DPM) 2 -tetraen 2 , have a low melting point (43–75° C), and are liquid in phase when they are vaporized at 120–130° C. SrTiO 3 thin films were prepared on Pt/Ta/ SiO 2 /Si substrates by MOCVD using the new Sr sources. The dielectric constant of films prepared with Sr(DPM) 2 -trien 2 was 215 for 125 nm thick SrTiO 3 films, and leakage current densities were below 10 -6 A/cm 2 at 1.5 V for 80 nm thick SrTiO 3 films. The new Sr sources did not change in quality after 20-time heat cycles between room temperature and 130° C in Ar atmosphere at 40 Torr.
Taming hyperactive h<scp>DN</scp>ase I: Stable inducible expression of a hyperactive salt‐ and actin‐resistant variant of human deoxyribonuclease I in <scp>CHO</scp> cells (2017)

While the most common causes of clonal instability are DNA copy number loss and silencing, toxicity of the expressed protein(s) may also induce clonal instability. Human DNase I (hDNase I) is used therapeutically for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) and may have potential benefit for use in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). hDNase I is an endonuclease that catalyzes degradation of extracellular DNA and is inhibited by both salt and G-actin. Engineered versions of hDNase I, bearing multiple point mutations, which renders them Hyperactive, Salt- and Actin-Resistant (HSAR-hDNase I) have been developed previously. However, constitutive expression of HSAR-hDNase I enzymes has been very challenging and, despite considerable efforts and screening thousands of clones, no stable clone capable of constitutive expression had been obtained. Here, we developed a regulated expression system for stable expression of an HSAR-hDNase I in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. The HSAR-hDNase I clones were stable and, upon induction, expressed enzymatically functional protein. Our findings suggest that degradation of host's DNA mediated by HSAR-hDNase I during cell division is the likely cause of clonal instability observed in cells constitutively expressing this protein. Purified HSAR-hDNase I was both hyperactive and resistant to inhibition by salt and G-actin, resulting in an enzyme having ca. 10-fold greater specific activity and the potential to be a superior therapeutic agent to wild type (WT) hDNase I. Furthermore, the ability to regulate hDNase I expression has enabled process development improvements that achieve higher cell growth and product titers while maintaining product quality. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:523-533, 2017.
Rapid Syntheses of Nitroheterocycles that Bear a Diethyl Methylenemalonate Group &#946; to a Nitro Group (2004)

Rapid syntheses of nitroheterocycles that bear a diethyl methylenemalonate group ?β to a nitro group starting from easily available nitroheterocyclic sulfones and involving, a one-pot substitution-elimination with either diethyl bromomalonate or an original direct olefination with diethyl ketomalonate, gave moderate yields in nitroimidazole series. An SRN1 reaction followed by a base-mediated nitrous acid elimination gave fairly good yields in nitrothiazole series. Because of the accessibility of the reagents, these syntheses are interesting alternatives to Knoevenagel reaction. Keywords: sulfonyl carbanion, julia olefination, desulfonylation, 5-nitroimidazole, 5-nitrothiazole
Enhanced superoxide generation and the decreased superoxide scavenging activity of peripheral blood leukocytes in Behçet's disease--effects of colchicine. (1991)

Enhanced superoxide radical (O2-) generation by polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) has been suggested to mediate tissue damage associated with Behçet's disease (BD). Because superoxide dismutase (SOD) provides protection from O2- we investigated whether the superoxide scavenging activity (SSA) of PMN, mononuclear cells (MNC) or plasma has a correlation to the amount of O2- generated by PMN in BD. We also studied the effects of colchicine, a potent inhibitor of phagocytosis, on the SSA of PMN. In BD, O2- release by both non-stimulated PMN and those stimulated with opsonized zymosan (OZ), or 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), was enhanced. The SSA of PMN, but not MNC and plasma, was significantly lower in BD patients as compared with healthy controls. The SSA of PMN showed a strong negative correlation with their O2- release. The SSA of PMN was lower in the BD patients with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates and C-reactive protein levels than in those with normal test results. In addition, we found that colchicine treatment increased the SSA of PMN toward normal levels in BD patients. In vitro studies demonstrated that the SSA in PMN obtained from healthy adults was decreased after stimulation with either OZ or PMA. Colchicine could prevent the decrease in the SSA when PMN were stimulated with OZ, but not when stimulated with PMA. Our results suggest that the enhanced O2- release by PMN in vivo may be responsible for the decreased SSA of PMN in BD and the PMN might be able to release more O2- in tissues. Colchicine may increase the SSA of PMN toward normal levels by blocking phagocytosis.
An emerging technology for improved building automation control (2009)

Wireless Mesh technology has emerged as a new one for next-generation wireless networking to provide a wide variety of applications that cannot be supported directly by other wireless networks. With the recent emergence of standards, wireless solutions are ready to be deployed in building automation networks. For both new and old structures, wireless networking is expected to improve the existing applications and open up new ones. Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) deployed in building automation systems is at an early stage; however, as more and more building functions and applications are controlled electronically and wirelessly, the use of WMNs will offer distinctive advantages in the field of commercial and residential buildings. This paper surveys the developments and applications of WMNs in building automation and control systems and sketches the contours of the directions to achieve our goal towards highly energy-efficient buildings while maintaining a healthy, productive, and safe indoor environment.
Photochemistry and beer (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry and beerA. Vogler and H. Kunkely Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 1, 25Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 January 1982Published inissue 1 January 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ed059p25RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views995Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Policy search for learning robot control using sparse data (2014)

In many complex robot applications, such as grasping and manipulation, it is difficult to program desired task solutions beforehand, as robots are within an uncertain and dynamic environment. In such cases, learning tasks from experience can be a useful alternative. To obtain a sound learning and generalization performance, machine learning, especially, reinforcement learning, usually requires sufficient data. However, in cases where only little data is available for learning, due to system constraints and practical issues, reinforcement learning can act suboptimally. In this paper, we investigate how model-based reinforcement learning, in particular the probabilistic inference for learning control method (Pilco), can be tailored to cope with the case of sparse data to speed up learning. The basic idea is to include further prior knowledge into the learning process. As Pilco is built on the probabilistic Gaussian processes framework, additional system knowledge can be incorporated by defining appropriate prior distributions, e.g. a linear mean Gaussian prior. The resulting Pilco formulation remains in closed form and analytically tractable. The proposed approach is evaluated in simulation as well as on a physical robot, the Festo Robotino XT. For the robot evaluation, we employ the approach for learning an object pick-up task. The results show that by including prior knowledge, policy learning can be sped up in presence of sparse data.