gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The photoplastic effect in GaAs, a model for device degradation phenomena (1990)

Abstract Photoplasticity in GaAs has been studied by microhardness tests performed at room temperature and followed by laser irradiation. It is shown that the two glide directions ‘110’ of the (100) plane are photoactivated in the case of n-type and semi-insulating materials while only one of these is photoactivated in the case of p-type materials. This is explained in terms of dislocation-related defects inducing non-radiative electronic recombination, as can be described by configuration-coordinate diagrams. Light irradiation of laser-like epitaxial heterostructures, whose active layer is p-type, has been studied by means of cathodoluminescence imaging. The sequence of formation of the dark-line defects (DLDs) is described and it is shown that the first DLDs correspond to a photoinduced dislocation glide in one of the ‘110’ directions. They appear in regions of the GaAs layers where inhomogeneous stresses are probably present. In p-type layers, this first degradation step is then followed by dislocation climb in the ‘100’ directions in order to release totally and homogeneously the local stresses, since the other glide direction cannot be photoinduced. The high point-defect density needed for such dislocation climb probably results from the previously developed dislocations which are ideally localized active point-defect sources.
Binary phase modulation properties of a programmable liquid-crystal television display (1992)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. S. Lowans, B. Bates, R. G. H. Greer, and J. Aiken, "Binary phase modulation properties of a programmable liquid-crystal television display," Appl. Opt. 31, 7393-7395 (1992) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Growth Performance After Agouti-Signaling Protein 1 ( <i>Asip1</i> ) Overexpression in Transgenic Zebrafish (2020)

The melanocortin system is a key structure in the regulation of energy balance. Overexpression of inverse agonists, agouti-signaling protein (ASIP), and agouti-related protein (AGRP) results in increased food intake, linear growth, and body weight. ASIP regulates dorsal-ventral pigment polarity through melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) and overexpression induces obesity in mice by binding to central MC4R. <i>Asip1</i> overexpression in transgenic zebrafish (<i>asip1</i>-Tg) enhances growth, yet experiments show fish overexpressing <i>Asip1</i> do not develop obesity even under severe feeding regimes. <i>Asip1</i>-Tg fish do not need to eat more to grow larger and faster; thus, increased food efficiency can be observed. In addition, <i>asip1</i>-Tg fish reared at high density are able to grow far more than wild-type (WT) fish reared at low density, although <i>asip1</i>-Tg fish seem to be more sensitive to crowding stress than WT fish, thus making the melanocortin system a target for sustainable aquaculture, especially as the U.S. Food and Drug Association has recently approved transgenic fish trading.
Miniaturized millimeter-wave masterslice 3-D MMIC amplifier and mixer (1999)

Masterslice three-dimensional MMIC (3-D MMIC) technology has (even in the millimeter-wave region) the advantages of high integration levels, simple design procedures, short turnaround time, and low fabrication cost. This paper clarifies the advantages of the thin-film microstrip line by drawing comparisons to the characteristics of other transmission lines. The simple design procedures of the masterslice 3-D MMIC are elucidated by referring to fabricated MMICs. A V-band amplifier and an image rejection mixer fabricated by using the same master array are demonstrated. The V-band amplifier offers an 8-dB gain and a 5.3-dB noise figure in the area of just 0.27 mm/sup 2/. The image rejection mixer achieves a conversion gain of /spl sim/10 db and an image rejection ratio of 20 db. The performance of the millimeter-wave 3-D MMIC's is competitive with those of the conventional planar-formed MMIC's.
A 40mV transformer-reuse self-startup boost converter with MPPT control for thermoelectric energy harvesting (2012)

While the demand for micro-energy harvesters (μEHs) is increasing (for seamless energy source in applications such as wireless sensor node), two major problems still obstruct versatile use of them. The first problem is the self-startup capability. Because many wireless sensor nodes are likely to be located where human-maintenance is difficult, starting them up manually can be as difficult as replacing the battery. Its realization has been difficult because μEHs must be able to turn itself on without any stored energy. Some previous works have reported such a function: some needed high voltage [1] or vibration [2] and one used a transformer as a starter [3]. The other problem is the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) capability. Because it is known that MPPT algorithms usually require considerable power consumption [4], using them in μEHs is impractical. This paper suggests a new boost converter architecture and MPPT control method which can bring μEH into practical use.
Activated nitrites in heterocyclic synthesis: a new procedure for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives (1982)

M. H. Elnagdi, H. A. Elfahham, S. A. S. Ghozlan and G. E. H. Elgemeie, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1982, 2667 DOI: 10.1039/P19820002667
Gene Therapy Delivery Systems for Enhancing Viral and Nonviral Vectors for Cardiac Diseases: Current Concepts and Future Applications (2013)

Gene therapy is one of the most promising fields for developing new treatments for the advanced stages of ischemic and monogenetic, particularly autosomal or X-linked recessive, cardiomyopathies. The remarkable ongoing efforts in advancing various targets have largely been inspired by the results that have been achieved in several notable gene therapy trials, such as the hemophilia B and Leber's congenital amaurosis. Rate-limiting problems preventing successful clinical application in the cardiac disease area, however, are primarily attributable to inefficient gene transfer, host responses, and the lack of sustainable therapeutic transgene expression. It is arguable that these problems are directly correlated with the choice of vector, dose level, and associated cardiac delivery approach as a whole treatment system. Essentially, a delicate balance exists in maximizing gene transfer required for efficacy while remaining within safety limits. Therefore, the development of safe, effective, and clinically applicable gene delivery techniques for selected nonviral and viral vectors will certainly be invaluable in obtaining future regulatory approvals. The choice of gene transfer vector, dose level, and the delivery system are likely to be critical determinants of therapeutic efficacy. It is here that the interactions between vector uptake and trafficking, delivery route means, and the host's physical limits must be considered synergistically for a successful treatment course.
Icebreaker: Element-wise Active Information Acquisition with Bayesian Deep Latent Gaussian Model (2019)

In this paper we introduce the ice-start problem, i.e., the challenge of deploying machine learning models when only little or no training data is initially available, and acquiring each feature element of data is associated with costs. This setting is representative for the real-world machine learning applications. For instance, in the health-care domain, when training an AI system for predicting patient metrics from lab tests, obtaining every single measurement comes with a high cost. Active learning, where only the label is associated with a cost does not apply to such problem, because performing all possible lab tests to acquire a new training datum would be costly, as well as unnecessary due to redundancy. We propose Icebreaker, a principled framework to approach the ice-start problem. Icebreaker uses a full Bayesian Deep Latent Gaussian Model (BELGAM) with a novel inference method. Our proposed method combines recent advances in amortized inference and stochastic gradient MCMC to enable fast and accurate posterior inference. By utilizing BELGAM's ability to fully quantify model uncertainty, we also propose two information acquisition functions for imputation and active prediction problems. We demonstrate that BELGAM performs significantly better than the previous VAE (Variational autoencoder) based models, when the data set size is small, using both machine learning benchmarks and real-world recommender systems and health-care applications. Moreover, based on BELGAM, Icebreaker further improves the performance and demonstrate the ability to use minimum amount of the training data to obtain the highest test time performance.
Heavy doping effects in p-n-p bipolar transistors (1980)

This paper presents the heavy doping effects on the injection current characteristics in p-n-p transistors with a heavily doped but thin base region. The results of the present study indicate that 1) at room temperature the hole current injected into heavily doped base is insensitive to the impurity compensation effect, 2) a linear relationship between the base sheet resistance and the collector-current density is observed when the base doping density is under 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . This relationship becomes supralinear as the doping density further increases. As a result, useful current gain exists in thin base transistors even when the base doping is greater than 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . From the collector-current-base sheet-resistance relationship and the base doping profile, the effective intrinsic carrier density as a function of the doping density is evaluated and found to increase 8.7 times over that of pure silicon, when the average doping density is 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> (maximum doping density 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> ). 3) The collector current and the current gain of the transistors become less sensitive to the temperature as the base doping density increases. We had observed a current gain up to 30 at 77 K for transistors with the maximum base doping density in the 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> range. The transistors with lower base doping suffer much more degradation in current gain when the temperature is lowered to 77 K.
Suspended Rigid Underwater Arrays (1969)

1 Bjerknes, J. A. B., Atmospheric Teleconnections from the Equatorial Pacific, to be published. 2 Brinton, E., in the Distribution of Euphausiid Crustaceans in the Region of the California Current, CalCOFI Repts. VII, 1960. 3 Emory, K. O., Off Southern California, a Modern Habitat of Petroleum, Wiley, New York, 1960. 4 Hubbs, C. L., Quaternary Paleoclimatology of the Pacific Coast of North America, CalCOFI Repts. VII, 1960. 5 Jacobs, W. C., The Energy Exchange between and Atmosphere and Some of Its Consequences, Bulletin Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Vol. 6, 1951, University of California at Los Angeles, pp. 27-122. 6 Lynch, H. B., Rainfall and Stream Run-Off in Southern California since 1769, 1931, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. 7 Masuzawa, J., Statistical Characteristics of the Kuroshio Current, Oceanographical Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1960. 8 McGowan, J. A., Geographical Variation in Limacina helicina in the North Pacific, Speciation in the Sea, Publ. 5, 1963, Systematics Association. 9 Namias, J., Thirty Day Forecasting, a Review of a Ten Year Experiment, Meteorological Monographs, Vol. 2, No. 6, American Meteorological Society, Boston, Mass. 195310 Namias, J., The Meteorological Picture 1957-1958, CalCOFI Repts. VII, 1960. 11 Namias, J., Short Period Climatic Fluctuations, Science, Vol. 147, No. 3659, 1965, pp. 696-706. 12 Namias, J., Macroscopic Association between Mean Monthly Temperature and the Overlying Winds, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 70, No. 10, 1965, p. 2307. 13 Reid, J. L., Oceanography of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean During the Last Ten Years, CalCOFI Repts. VII, 1960. 14 Renner, J. A., Sea-Surface Temperature Charts, Eastern Pacific Ocean, California Fishery Market News Monthly Summary, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Biological Lab., La Jolla, Calif. 15 Roden, G. L and Reid, J. L., Sea Surface Temperature, Radiation, and Wind Anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean, Records of Oceanographic Works in Japan, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1961. 16 Schell, I. L, Dynamic Persistence and its Applications to Long-Range Foreshadowing, Harvard Meteor Studies 8, 1947. 17 Soutar, A., The Accumulation of Fish Debris in Certain California Coastal Sediments, CalCOFI Repts. XI, 1967. 18 Takenouti, Y., The 1957-1958 Oceanographic Changes in the Western Pacific, CalCOFI Repts. VII, 1960.
Injection of Demineralized Bone Matrix With Bone Marrow Concentrate Improves Healing in Unicameral Bone Cyst (2010)

A single injection of DBM added with autologous bone marrow concentrate appears to provide a higher healing rate with a lower number of failures compared with a single injection of steroids.
Robotic applications in PSE&G's nuclear and fossil power plants (1993)

Robots are rapidly becoming a strategic technology in the electric utility industry. Since 1983, over 200 applications of these devices have been documented, often resulting in significant time and manpower savings. In nuclear plants, these devices have reduced radiation exposure to human workers and also reduced plant downtime. Public Service Electric and Gas (PSE&G) Company is a nationally recognized leader in this technology. Since 1987, the company has spent $1.6 million on robotic hardware and development projects for use at its Salem (2 PWRs) and Hope Creek (1 BWR) nuclear plants. Savings to date from these investments has exceded $5 million. Recently PSE&G has expanded its robotic application efforts to include fossil plants, with many new concepts. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art of mobile robots in the utility industry, and use of PSE&G's pioneering work in this area as a case study; discussing the cost, performance and benefits of specific applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Polymerizable Bioionic Liquid Based Nanogel: A New Nanocarrier for an Anticancer Drug (2014)

Nanogels (NGs) are considered as one of the most suitable nanocarrier matrices for drug, gene and protein delivery. There are many methods of synthesis of NGs but polymerizable bioionic liquids are not being applied so far for the synthesis of such nanocarriers. The synthesis of a stimuli‐responsive NG system having average hydrodynamic size of 41 ± 15 nm is reported here, obtained by the simultaneous polymerization and crosslinking of a polymerizable biobased ionic liquid. The NG thus obtained shows prolonged drug delivery for 5‐fluorouracil, an anticancer drug, at pH 1.2 (stomach pH) for 10 days at physiological human body temperature (37 °C). However, no substantial drug delivery is observed at pH 5 and 7.4. Such a prolonged drug release profilemakes the reported NG system a potential candidate in the formulation of a pH‐sensitive drug nanocarrier vehicle for in vivo delivery of stomach‐specific therapeutic agents. image
A 12 bit 5 &amp;mu;sec CMOS recursive ADC with 25 mW power consumption (1989)

A 12-bit 5-μs CMOS analog-to-digital converter (ADC) has been realized in a 4-mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area with power consumption of only 25 mW ADC with 25 mW at a supply voltage of 5 V. Trimming and software calibration were not used. A four-step recursive subranging architecture has been adopted
Binding Sites of Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase (1989)

It was found previously that the enzyme ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3) contains specific protein substrate binding sites that are responsible for the selection of proteins for degradation by the ubiquitin system. In the present study, we have tried to gain more insight into the mode of action of E3 by the characterization of other binding sites of this enzyme. Following the ligation of ubiquitin to 125I-lysozyme, the conjugates produced are very tightly bound to E3, as indicated by size analysis on glycerol density gradient centrifugation. The strong binding of ubiquitin-protein conjugates to the enzyme may account for the apparently processive addition of multiple molecules of ubiquitin to the protein substrate. Both the protein substrate moiety and the ubiquitin moiety participate in the interaction of ubiquitin-protein conjugates with E3, as indicated by competition with specific agents and by the comparison of the binding of ubiquitin-conjugated protein to that of free protein. In addition to the binding of its substrates and products, E3 also appears to interact with some of the enzymes with which it acts in concert. When E3 is incubated with the ubiquitin-carrier protein E2, a complex is formed between the two enzymes as analyzed on glycerol gradients. The formation of an E2.E3 complex may facilitate the transfer of activated ubiquitin from E2 to the protein substrate bound to the ligase.
NEURONAL Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES (1992)

Widespread localization, responsiveness to numerous signal transduction systems, and broad substrate specificity enable the multifunctional CaM kinase to mediate regulation of many cellular functions. The abundance and diversity of CaM kinase substrates attest to its role as a multifunctional kinase. However, expanded identification of its in situ substrates as well as the consequences of their regulation by phosphorylation needs to be accomplished. Recently identified substrates have contributed to the list of potential functions for the CaM kinase. CREB is a hormonally stimulated transcriptional activator, and CaM kinase may lie on the pathway to its activation. This pathway could provide an interface between the potentiation of Ca2+ signals by CaM kinase and longer-term modifications of neuronal gene expression. The ryanodine receptor, as well as phospholamban, are involved in cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis, and their regulation by CaM kinase phosphorylation suggests the possibility of some feedback control of intracellular Ca2+ levels by CaM kinase. Regulation of neuronal plasticity by phosphorylation of synapsin I and of postsynaptic substrates necessary for long-term potentiation is another dynamic area of investigation. The study of substrates and their functions promises to continue providing exciting insights into the control of cellular signalling by Ca2+. Molecular cloning has enabled structural comparison of neuronal isoforms of the kinase, and has revealed the existence of closely related subunits. Subunits identified to data differ substantially only in two small variable domains, yet their expression in various tissues and during the course of development is precisely controlled. What unique properties do these small variable domains impart to the different isoforms? What directs high concentrations of kinase to a particular subcellular localization, and especially to the PSD? Further molecular cloning will undoubtedly determine whether other multifunctional CaM kinases with unique structures and properties exist. Finally, studies on the autoregulatory properties of CaM kinase have provided a fascinating picture of how this molecule can alone encode responses to Ca2+ signals, potentiating both the duration and magnitude of its activity. Autophosphorylation of the Thr286 autonomy site both traps calmodulin and permits Ca(2+)-independent activity after calmodulin dissociates. Further analysis of the role of the holoenzyme structure in these modulations will help clarify remaining mechanistic questions. Studies performed during the past few years have clearly established that this Ca(2+)-independent activity is generated in situ in response to a variety of cell stimuli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A Factor Graph Nested Effects Model To Identify Networks from Genetic Perturbations (2009)

Complex phenotypes such as the transformation of a normal population of cells into cancerous tissue result from a series of molecular triggers gone awry. We describe a method that searches for a genetic network consistent with expression changes observed under the knock-down of a set of genes that share a common role in the cell, such as a disease phenotype. The method extends the Nested Effects Model of Markowetz et al. (2005) by using a probabilistic factor graph to search for a network representing interactions among these silenced genes. The method also expands the network by attaching new genes at specific downstream points, providing candidates for subsequent perturbations to further characterize the pathway. We investigated an extension provided by the factor graph approach in which the model distinguishes between inhibitory and stimulatory interactions. We found that the extension yielded significant improvements in recovering the structure of simulated and Saccharomyces cerevisae networks. We applied the approach to discover a signaling network among genes involved in a human colon cancer cell invasiveness pathway. The method predicts several genes with new roles in the invasiveness process. We knocked down two genes identified by our approach and found that both knock-downs produce loss of invasive potential in a colon cancer cell line. Nested effects models may be a powerful tool for inferring regulatory connections and genes that operate in normal and disease-related processes.
The Thermal Decomposition.of Sodium Carbonate by the Effusion Method (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Thermal Decomposition.of Sodium Carbonate by the Effusion MethodKetil MotzfeldtCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1955, 59, 2, 139–147Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150524a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j150524a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2142Altmetric-Citations164LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts