gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A prion protein missense variant is integrated in kuru plaque cores in patients with Gerstmann‐Straussler syndrome (1991)

Kuru plaques are the pathologic hallmark in Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome (GSS). To demonstrate that prion protein (PrP) is a component of kuru plaque cores, we fractionated and sequenced kuru plaque core derived peptides, following digestion with Achromobacter lyticus protease I. We identified 3 PrP-derived peptides by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and found a fragment of digests derived from a missense variant of PrP. The variant PrP was also present in the prion rod fraction in patients with GSS. This substitution may play a major role in cerebral amyloidogenesis.
Stabilization of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Biological Media by Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) (2010)

A facile method of stabilizing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) in biological media (RPMI-1640) via surface modification with fetal bovine serum (FBS) is presented herein. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) shows that the size of the MNP aggregates can be maintained at 190 ± 2 nm for up to 16 h in an RPMI 1640 culture medium containing ≥4 vol % FBS. Under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a layer of protein coating is observed to cover the MNP surface following treatment with FBS. The adsorption of proteins is further confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Gel electrophoresis and LC-MS/MS studies reveal that complement factor H, antithrombin, complement factor I, α-1-antiproteinase, and apolipoprotein E are the proteins most strongly attached to the surface of an MNP. These surface-adsorbed proteins serve as a linker that aids the adsorption of other serum proteins, such as albumin, which otherwise adsorb poorly onto MNPs. The size stability of FBS-treated MNPs in biological media is attributed to the secondary adsorbed proteins, and the size stability in biological media can be maintained only when both the surface-adsorbed proteins and the secondary adsorbed proteins are present on the particle's surface.
Rigid polyurethane foam (RPF) technology for Countermine (Sea) Program -- Phase 1 (1997)

This Phase 1 report documents the results of one of the subtasks that was initiated under the joint Department of Energy (DOE)/Department of Defense (DoD) Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for Countermine Warfare. The development of a foam that can neutralize mines and barriers and allow the safe passage of amphibious landing craft and vehicles was the objective of this subtask of the Sea Mine Countermeasures Technology program. This phase of the program concentrated on laboratory characterization of foam properties and field experiments with prefabricated foam blocks to determine the capability of RPF to adequately carry military traffic. It also established the flammability characteristics of the material under simulated operational conditions, extended the understanding of explosive cavity formation in RPF to include surface explosions, established the tolerance to typical military fluids, and the response to bullet impact. Many of the basic analyses required to establish the operational concept are reported. The initial field experiments were conducted at the Energetic Materials Research and Testing Center (EMRTC) of the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM in November 1995 through February 1996.
Blood plasmacytoid dendritic cell responses to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides are impaired in human newborns (2003)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) respond to unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) motifs present in bacterial DNA or unmethylated synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG). In order to assess the function of pDCs in human newborns, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) production induced by CpG 2216 and phenotypic maturation of pDCs in response to CpG 2006 were compared in cord blood and adult blood. We first observed that neonatal pDCs displayed decreased up-regulation of CD80, CD83, CD86, and CD40, whereas HLA-DR and CD54 up-regulation did not differ significantly between adults and neonates. We then found that the production of IFN-alpha in response to CpG was dramatically impaired in cord blood. This neonatal defect was detected both at protein and mRNA levels and was still present in blood of 4-day-old babies. Further experiments on enriched pDCs confirmed that these cells are intrinsically deficient in CpG-induced IFN-alpha production at birth. These findings might be relevant to the increased susceptibility of human newborns to infections as well as to the use of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides as vaccine adjuvants in the neonatal period.
Deuterium-labeling studies on the regio- and stereoselective intramolecular hydrosilation of allyl alcohols and allylamines catalyzed by platinum and rhodium complexes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeuterium-labeling studies on the regio- and stereoselective intramolecular hydrosilation of allyl alcohols and allylamines catalyzed by platinum and rhodium complexesKohei Tamao, Yoshiki Nakagawa, and Yoshihiko ItoCite this: Organometallics 1993, 12, 6, 2297–2308Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00030a046https://doi.org/10.1021/om00030a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views359Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robust network design for IP/optical backbones (2019)

Recently, Internet service providers (ISPs) have gained increased flexibility in how they configure their in-ground optical fiber into an IP network. This greater control has been made possible by improvements in optical switching technology, along with advances in software control. Traditionally, at network design time, each IP link was assigned a fixed optical path and bandwidth. Now modern colorless and directionless reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (CD ROADMs) allow a remote controller to remap the IP topology to the optical underlay on the fly. Consequently, ISPs face new opportunities and challenges in the design and operation of their backbone networks [IEEE Commun. Mag.54, 129 (2016); presentation at the International Conference on Computing, Networking, and Communications, 2017; J. Opt. Commun. Netw.10, D52 (2018); Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition (2018), paper Tu3H.2]. Specifically, ISPs must determine how best to design their networks to take advantage of new capabilities; they need an automated way to generate the least expensive network design that still delivers all offered traffic, even in the presence of equipment failures. This problem is difficult because of the physical constraints governing the placement of optical regenerators, a piece of optical equipment necessary to maintain an optical signal over long stretches of fiber. As a solution, we present an integer linear program (ILP) that does three specific things: It solves the equipment placement problem in network design; determines the optimal mapping of IP links to the optical infrastructure for any given failure scenario; and determines how best to route the offered traffic over the IP topology. To scale to larger networks, we also describe an efficient heuristic that finds nearly optimal network designs in a fraction of the time. Further, in our experiments our ILP offers cost savings of up to 29% compared to traditional network design techniques.
Two-segment spectrally inhomogeneous traveling wave semiconductor optical amplifiers applied to spectral equalization (2002)

Spectral equalization devices for an optical analog-to-digital (A-to-D) converting system have been theoretically analyzed and fabricated. Selective area growth was used to define a multiple-section active region. Two-segment semiconductor optical amplifier with current adjustable gain spectrum is demonstrated.
SH Propagator Matrix and Qs Estimates From Borehole- and Surface-Recorded Earthquake Data (1993)

A R Y A new method is proposed for the solving of elastic and anelastic parameters of a medium between two seismometers, one in a borehole and one at the surface. This allows us to retrieve equivalent quality factors of the materials and, at the same time, gives wave velocities as well as reflection and transmission coefficients in a layered structure. The study of local site effects shows that the quality factor of shallow materials can be completely masked by resonance effects and near-surface amplification. Our method is based on the inversion of the SH propagator matrix in the time domain. This separates the effects of resonance and amplification in the elastic structure from those of attenuation due either to scattering or physical attenuation, and we find that the elastic problem is decoupled from the anelastic one. After a synthetic test, we applied the method to seismic records made with a borehole-surface instrument operated in the Southern Rhine Graben valley, on the French-German border. Due to high seismic noise at the surface, we were only able to resolve a one-layered mean 500 m deep structure between the borehole and surface instrument. An apparent Q, of 40 is found between 1 and 5 Hz, a frequency band where classical methods failed. This is in close agreement with Q, at frequencies larger than 15 Hz obtained from the classical method based on the slope of spectral ratios.
Poincaré, Jules Henri: La science et l'hypothèse (2020)

Das wissenschaftstheoretische Werk des Meisterschülers des angesehenen Mathematikers C. Hermite erschien 1902. Poincaré gab in mehreren zu Beginn des 20. Jh.s erschienenen Schriften vorzugsweise erkenntnistheoretischen Inhalts entscheidende Anregungen für die Um- und Neugestaltung der exakten Naturwissenschaften. Im ersten dieser Werke, La science et l'hypothèse, wandte er sich gegen den unter Einfluss positivistischer Ansätze üblich gewordenen naturwissenschaftlichen Determinismus, der jedes physikalische Geschehen aufgrund ausschließlich mechanistischer Vergleiche erklären wollte. Das Werk enthält einen auf das Begriffliche beschränkten Überblick über die neuesten damals gewonnenen Ergebnisse auf mathematischem und physikalischem Gebiet.
GaAs Laser Source Package For Multichannel Optical Links (1977)

The GaAs double-heterostructure laser promises to be an attractive source for optical communication links; both technically, due to its high radiance and quantum efficiency, and economically, due to the planar processes by which it is fabricated into single units or linear arrays of devices.
Eco-refugees: a crisis in the making. (1994)

Environmental refugees are people who can no longer gain a secure livelihood in their homelands because of drought, soil erosion, desertification, and other environmental problems, aggravated by pressures of population and poverty. All have abandoned their homelands with little hope of returning, looking elsewhere even though it may be hazardous. This paper presents some key findings from a Climate Institute three-year research project into these refugees. One person in 200 worldwide is an environmental refugee. More than 30 countries in sub-Saharan Africa have generated more than 100,000 refugees each; of these, 15 countries have generated at least one million each or have a population where one person in ten is a refugee. While the population of environmental refugees is already enormous, their numbers may swell dramatically with the projected global warming of the planet and other environmental pressures. They have already shown the largest proportional increase among all refugees in recent years. Few countries, however, have mobilized the institutional structures and support resources needed to cope with the fast-gathering crisis. If we do not deal with the problem in the short term, it will only become more severe and costly in the long term.
Efficient 2.5D electromagnetic modeling using boundary integral equations (2015)

ABSTRACT Fast and accurate simulation of responses of logging-while-drilling (LWD) electromagnetic (EM) tools in complex 2D and 3D formations is very important for reconstruction of the resistivity distribution in proactive geosteering. Currently, real-time interpretation is based on the 1D parametric inversion. Advances in fast simulation beyond the 1D model would open a way for real-time 2D inversion. We developed, implemented numerically, and tested an efficient method for simulation of LWD EM tools in complex 2D formations with an arbitrary 3D position of the tool. The method is based on the boundary integral equations for the tangential components of the field and the Fourier transform, which reduces the problem to a series of 1D integral equations. Computations are carried out simultaneously for the whole set of measurement points with the same matrix, which provides a short computation time per point. We verified the method by comparing our results with those obtained by the well-known explicit 1D method and by commercial software in the 2D case. Numerical results justified that the method is accurate and time efficient. Also, as an example, we simulated the signals of real propagation and azimuthal resistivity tools for a complex 2D formation model with fault. The software based on our method can be useful in planning geosteering jobs in complex formations.
Autoimmunity gene expression portrait: specific signature that intersects or differentiates between multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus (2004)

Autoimmune diseases are either tissue-specific like multiple sclerosis (MS) or multisystemic like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although clinically both exhibit common features. To gain insight into the properties of the genes involved in each disease we have investigated the gene expression signature of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in MS and SLE in comparison to healthy subjects. Total RNA was purified, hybridized to Genechip array and analysed in 36 subjects (13 relapsing-remitting MS patients, five SLE patients and 18 age-matched healthy subjects that served as controls). Additional blood samples from 15 relapsing-remitting MS patients, 8 SLE patients and 10 healthy subjects were used for confirmation of microarray gene expression findings by ELISA and RT-PCR. MS and SLE patients demonstrated a common gene expression autoimmune signature of 541 genes which differentiated them from healthy subjects. The autoimmune signature included genes that encode proteins involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, inflammation and regulation of matrix metalloproteinase pathways. Specifically, decreased TIMP1 gene expression in the autoimmunity signature suggests increased MMP activity in target tissues as a result of the lack of feedback mechanism. An additional different disease specific signature identified the gene expression pattern for MS (1031 genes), mainly associated with over-expression of adhesion molecules and down-expression of heat shock proteins; the SLE specific signature (1146 genes) mainly involved DNA damage/repair pathways that result in production of nuclear autoantibodies. These results provide insights into the genetic pathways underlying autoimmune diseases, and identify specific disease-associated signatures that may enable targetted disease-related specific therapies to be developed.
4-Substituted Uridine 5′-Triphosphates as Agonists of the P<sub>2Y2</sub>Purinergic Receptor (1997)

Abstract Uridine 5′-O-triphosphate (UTP) is a potent agonist of the purinergic receptor designated P2Y2. UTP is rapidly metabolized in human tissue. To find a compound with similar activity that may be more slowly metabolized, a series of 4-substituted uridine 5′-triphosphates were prepared and evaluated in a P2Y2 receptor second messenger assay.
Comparison of ketorolac 0.4% and bromfenac 0.09% at trough dosing: Aqueous drug absorption and prostaglandin E2 levels (2008)

Higher aqueous levels and greater PGE(2) inhibition were observed in cataract surgery patients treated with ketorolac 0.4% than in patients treated with bromfenac 0.09% at trough dosing. These findings suggest that ketorolac 0.4% administered 4 times a day may provide better control of prostaglandin-mediated inflammation than bromfenac 0.09% administered twice a day.
REVIEWS PAULHANSAINT-JOHN PERSE-JEAN. Correspondance, 1925–1966. Édition établie, présentée et annotée par GARDES-TAMINEJOËLLE. (Cahiers Saint-John Perse, 10). Paris, Gallimard, 1991. 378 pp. Pb 150 F.HAMMERSKJÖLDALEXIS LEGER-DAG: Correspondance, 1955–1961. Textes réunis et présentés par LITTLEMARIE-NOËLLE. (Cahiers Saint-John Perse, [II]). Paris, Gallimard, 1993. 270 pp. Pb 145 F. (1995)

REVIEWS Get access SAINT-JOHN PERSE-JEAN PAULHAN. Correspondance, 1925–1966. Édition établie, présentée et annotée JOËLLE par GARDES-TAMINE. (Cahiers Saint-John Perse, 10). Paris, Gallimard, 1991. 378 pp. Pb 150 F. ALEXIS LEGER-DAG HAMMERSKJÖLD: Correspondance, 1955–1961. Textes réunis et présentés MARIE-NOËLLE par LITTLE. (Cahiers Saint-John Perse, [II]). Paris, Gallimard, 1993. 270 pp. Pb 145 F. ROGER LITTLE ROGER LITTLE TRINITY COLLEGEDUBLIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XLIX, Issue 1, January 1995, Pages 96–97, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XLIX.1.96 Published: 01 January 1995
Load distribution of analytical query workloads for database cluster architectures (2008)

Enterprises may have multiple database systems spread across the organization for redundancy or for serving different applications. In such systems, query workloads can be distributed across different servers for better performance. A materialized view, or Materialized Query Table (MQT), is an auxiliary table with pre-computed data that can be used to significantly improve the performance of a database query. In this paper, we propose a framework for coordinating execution of OLAP query workloads across a database cluster with shared nothing architecture. Such coordination is complex since we need to consider (1) the time to build the MQTs, (2) the query execution impact of the MQTs, (3) whether the MQTs can fit in the disk space limitation, (4) server computation power, and (5) the effectiveness of the scheduling and placement algorithms in deriving a combination of configurations so that the workload can be completed in the shortest time period. We frame the problem as a combinatorial problem with a solution space that is exponential in the number of queries, MQTs, and servers. We provide a stochastic search heuristic that finds a near-optimal mapping of queries-to-servers and MQTs-to-servers within an arbitrarily bounded time and compare our solution with an exhaustive search and three standard greedy algorithms. Our search implementation produced schedules within 9% of the optimal found through an exhaustive search and produced better solutions than typical greedy algorithms for both TPC-H and synthetic benchmarks under a variety of experiments. For a key trial where disk space is limited, it produced 15% better results than the next best competitor, corresponding to an absolute wall clock advantage of over 10 hours.
Improved photovoltaic devices, using transparent contacts (1975)

Transparent conducting coating is applied to narrow pn junction surface to provide ohmic contact for majority carrier flow. Coating can be made thick to prevent series resistance problem.
Beneficial effects of antioxidants and <scp>l</scp> -arginine on oxidation-sensitive gene expression and endothelial NO synthase activity at sites of disturbed shear stress (2003)

Atherogenesis is enhanced in arterial segments exposed to disturbed blood flow, indicating the active participation of the hemodynamic environment in lesion formation. Turbulent shear stress selectively regulates responsive genes in the endothelium and increases the damage induced by free radicals. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of intervention with antioxidants and l -arginine on endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and oxidation-sensitive gene perturbation induced by disturbed flow in vitro and in vivo . Both human endothelial cells exposed to shear stress and high atherosclerosis-prone areas of hypercholesterolemic low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR −/− ) mice showed increased activities of redox-transcription factors (ELK-1, p -Jun, and p -CREB) and decreased expression of eNOS. Intervention with antioxidants and l -arginine reduced the activation of redox-transcription factors and increased eNOS expression in cells and in vivo . These results demonstrate that atherogenic effects induced by turbulent shear stress can be prevented by cotreatment with antioxidants and l -arginine. The therapeutic possibility to modulate shear stress-response genes may have important implications for the prevention of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations.
A multi-functional stacked patch antenna for wireless power beaming and data telemetry (2005)

A multi-functional stacked patch antenna is introduced for a possible wireless power beaming and data telemetry application. The proposed antenna operates at 5.8 GHz with 10 dBi gain, and 18% bandwidth. At a lower frequency, around 2.45 GHz, the antenna operates as a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with 4 dBi gain and 3.2% bandwidth. Switching between the two regimes of operation can be achieved using PIN diodes. It is proposed that the antenna can be used for wireless power reception in sensors at 5.8 GHz and for data telemetry between sensors or between sensor and control station at 2.45 GHz.
Stimulation of prepubertal, pubertal and adult rat testis with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (1994)

Testes of prepubertal, pubertal and adult Wistar rats were stimulated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for 20 min a day, for 7 days. No significant changes were found in the spermatogenic activity as well as in plasma LH and FSH levels following ultrasound treatment. The testicular androgenic activity, however, was significantly increased in prepubertal treated animals, in addition to a significant increase in seminal vesicle growth and secretory activity. In spite of normal androgenic levels, pubertal treated rats presented also an increase in the seminal vesicle secretory activity, thus suggesting a direct action of ultrasound on the gland.