gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The application of FT-IR spectroscopy to turbine engine exhaust measurement (2000)

Abstract : An advanced multiple gas analyzer based on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has been used to successfully measure the exhaust composition from a gas turbine engine combustors rig at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC), Arnold Air Force Base (TN). The advanced FT-IR multigas analyzer was able to demonstrate its ability to not only measure the species traditionally measured at the facility (water, CO2, CO, NO, NO2, and total hydrocarbons), but also to measure many other species, including sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, ethylene, propylene, methanol, formic acid, and nitrous acid. A side by side comparison of the single gas analyzers currently employed by AEDC and the FT-IR Multigas analyzer showed good agreement. The capability of a single relatively low-cost, small sized Multigas analyzer to measure most of the important products of combustion makes it an attractive alternative to existing emissions measurement systems. The Multigas analyzer may he used to measure the exhaust gas composition of aircraft engine combustors that are regulated by the FAA as well as stationary source engines that are regulated by the EPA.
Local cholesterol increase triggers amyloid precursor protein‐Bacel clustering in lipid rafts and rapid endocytosis (2011)

Amyloid peptide (Aβ) is generated by sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase (Bace1) and γ-secretase. Aβ production increases after plasma membrane cholesterol loading through unknown mechanisms. To determine how APP-Bace1 proximity affects this phenomenon, we developed a fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy-Förster resonance energy transfer (FLIM-FRET) technique for visualization of these molecules either by epifluorescence or at the plasma membrane only using total internal reflection fluorescence. Further, we used fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to determine the lipid rafts partition of APP-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and Bace1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) molecules at the plasma membrane of neurons. We show that less than 10 min after cholesterol exposure, Bace1-GFP/APP-mCherry proximity increases selectively at the membrane and APP relocalizes to raft domains, preceded by rapid endocytosis. After longer cholesterol exposures, APP and Bace1 are found in proximity intracellularly. We demonstrate that cholesterol loading does not increase Aβ production by having a direct impact on Bace1 catalytic activity but rather by altering the accessibility of Bace1 to its substrate, APP. This change in accessibility is mediated by clustering in lipid rafts, followed by rapid endocytosis.
The Entire Regularization Path for the Support Vector Machine (2004)

In this paper we argue that the choice of the SVM cost parameter can be critical. We then derive an algorithm that can fit the entire path of SVM solutions for every value of the cost parameter, with essentially the same computational cost as fitting one SVM model. 1
Shape Oscillation of a Drop in ac Electrowetting (2008)

A sessile drop oscillates when an ac voltage is applied in electrowetting. The oscillation results from the time-varying electrical force concentrated on the three-phase contact line. Little is known about the feature of drop oscillation in electrowetting. In the present work, the drop oscillations are observed systematically, and a theoretical model is developed to analyze the oscillation. It is revealed that resonance occurs at certain frequencies and the oscillation pattern is significantly dependent on the applied ac frequencies. The domain perturbation method is used to derive the shape-mode equations under the assumptions of a weak viscous effect and small drop deformation. The electrical force concentrated on the three-phase contact line is approximated as a delta function, which is decomposed and substituted into each shape-mode equation as a forcing term. The theoretical results for the shape and frequency responses are compared with experimental results, which shows qualitative agreement.
Regulation of CDK4 (2006)

Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4 is a master integrator that couples mitogenic and antimitogenic extracellular signals with the cell cycle. It is also crucial for many oncogenic transformation processes. In this overview, we address various molecular features of CDK4 activation that are critical but remain poorly known or debated, including the regulation of its association with D-type cyclins, its subcellular location, its activating Thr172-phosphorylation and the roles of Cip/Kip CDK "inhibitors" in these processes. We have recently identified the T-loop phosphorylation of CDK4, but not of CDK6, as a determining target for cell cycle control by extracellular factors, indicating that CDK4-activating kinase(s) might have to be reconsidered.
β Subunit Heterogeneity in N-type Ca2+ Channels (1996)

The beta subunit of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel is a cytoplasmic protein that interacts directly with an alpha1 subunit, thereby modulating the biophysical properties of the channel. Herein, we demonstrate that the alpha1B subunit of the N-type Ca2+ channel associates with several different beta subunits. Polyclonal antibodies specific for three different beta subunits immunoprecipitated 125I-omega-conotoxin GVIA binding from solubilized rabbit brain membranes. Enrichment of the N-type Ca2+ channels with an alpha1B subunit-specific monoclonal antibody showed the association of beta1b, beta3, and beta4 subunits. Protein sequencing of tryptic peptides of the 57-kDa component of the purified N-type Ca2+ channel confirmed the presence of the beta3 and beta4 subunits. Each of the beta subunits bound to the alpha1B subunit interaction domain with similar high affinity. Thus, our data demonstrate important heterogeneity in the beta subunit composition of the N-type Ca2+ channels, which may be responsible for some of the diverse kinetic properties recorded from neurons.
Mechanical response of indium micro-joints to low temperature cycling (2009)

In this study, mechanical properties of indium micro-joints exposed to low temperature cycling were investigated. The metallization structure of Ni/Cu was specially used as a substrate to form indium joints for mechanical tests. This paper focuses mainly on the tensile test of indium joints at thermal cycling from 300 K to 77 K. The Young's modulus, the ultimate strength and yield strength of the material were obtained. The failure mode after different loading histories was analyzed. The results indicate the decline of the Young's modulus with the increase in the number of thermal cycles; however, the ultimate/yield strength of indium joints did not show an obvious trend with the number of thermal cycling. It was confirmed that indium joints still maintain a high ductility even after 20 thermal cycles. Finally, the associated modeling provides an insight predicting that an interface between indium and copper could be the potential site for failure in thermal cycling.
Lightning Strike Induced Damage Mechanisms of Carbon Fiber Composites (2011)

Composite materials have a wide application in aerospace, automotive, and other transportation industries, because of the superior structural and weight performances. Since carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites possess a much lower electrical conductivity as compared to traditional metallic materials utilized for aircraft structures, serious concern about damage resistance/tolerance against lightning has been rising. Main task of this study is to clarify the lightning damage mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy polymer composites to help further development of lightning strike protection. The research on lightning damage to carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites is quite challenging, and there has been little study available until now. In order to tackle this issue, building block approach was employed. The research was started with the development of supporting technologies such as a current impulse generator to simulate a lightning strike in a laboratory. Then, fundamental electrical properties and fracture behavior of CFRPs exposed to high and low level current impulse were investigated using simple coupon specimens, followed by extensive parametric investigations in terms of different prepreg materials frequently used in aerospace industry, various stacking sequences, different lightning intensity, and lightning current waveforms. It revealed that the thermal resistance capability of polymer matrix was one of the most influential parameters on lightning damage resistance of CFRPs. Based on the experimental findings, the semi-empirical analysis model for predicting the extent of lightning damage was established. The model was fitted through experimental data to determine empirical parameters and, then, showed a good capability to provide reliable predictions for other test conditions and materials. Finally, structural element level lightning tests were performed to explore more practical situations. Specifically, filled-hole CFRP plates and patch-repaired CFRP plates were selected as structural elements likely to be susceptible to lightning event. This study forms a solid foundation for the understanding of lightning damage mechanism of CFRPs, and become an important first step toward building a practical damage prediction tool of lighting event.
Cowden syndrome and lhermitte-duclos disease (1992)

Given the rarity of these two entities, we believe that their association is not fortuitous. LDD fits into the concept of CS as a hamartoma-neoplasia syndrome. In addition, a number of patients with LDD who had other neoplasms or thyroid lesions have been reported, raising the possibility that CS and LDD are more closely linked than is generally appreciated. We suspect that there are more patients with LDD who have unrecognized CS. Patients with either of the two diseases should be examined and followed up for evidence of the other.
Hydraulic analysis aids high-pressure system design (1985)

Transient hydraulic analysis of high pressure gas transmission systems can be used to investigate various areas during design engineering. Practical results can be obtained that give insight into the characteristics of the transportation systems. High-pressure gas transmission systems have particular characteristics that should be considered in a transient hydraulic analysis: prediction of physical and thermodynamic gas properties, tendency for significant Joule-Thomson cooling effects, retrograde condensation of dense phase gases, temperature effects (especially during blowdown). Transient hydraulic analysis is particularly useful for investigating operating characteristics of gas transmission systems in the areas of pipeline system control philosophies and hydraulic flexibility analysis.
Fermi-level pinning position modulation by Al-containing metal gate for cost-effective dual-metal/dual-high-k CMOS (2007)

We propose here cost-effective gate-first dual-metal/dual-high-k CMOS technology in which Fermi-level pinning is "positively" utilized to reduce threshold voltages for the first time. After systematic investigation on the relation between oxygen vacancies in Hf-based high-k film and electrical characteristics, we concluded that the Fermi-level pinning is unavoidable in principle with a thin EOT, but is a stable phenomenon that should be intentionally utilized. In our proposed method, source of oxygen interstitials (Al) is contained in metal gate material for p-FET, and consequently the flatband voltage is properly modulated by "opposite" Fermi-level pinning due to the oxygen interstitials incorporated into the underlying high-k film after high temperature annealing. It is also noteworthy that this method is simple and cost-effective because the initial high-k films are identical for n- and p-FET but they are automatically converted into dual high-k after the annealing process.
A passive method for estimating end-to-end TCP packet loss (2003)

This paper presents a passive end-to-end loss monitoring method, which relies on traffic monitoring at a core or ingress router interface. The monitoring node captures the packets of TCP connections generated by end-hosts. Based on the seen sequence number pattern the loss ratios are estimated for the two segments of end-to-end path divided by the monitor. This feature is especially useful if the monitoring node is placed at the border of an autonomous system, e.g., at the egress point of an ISP. When applied to mobile Internet access, packet losses on the radio interface can be distinguished from losses in the core network or in the public Internet. The packet loss estimation algorithm is rigorously validated using simulations and testbed measurements. Additionally, measurement results and an application example in a dial-up ISP are presented.
Fungal metabolism of acenaphthene by Cunninghamella elegans (1992)

The filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 36112 metabolized within 72 h of incubation approximately 64% of the [1,8-14C]acenaphthene added. The radioactive metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated by thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Seven metabolites were identified by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, UV, and mass spectral techniques as 6-hydroxyacenaphthenone (24.8%), 1,2-acenaphthenedione (19.9%), trans-1,2-dihydroxyacenaphthene (10.3%), 1,5-dihydroxyacenaphthene (2.7%), 1-acenaphthenol (2.4%), 1-acenaphthenone (2.1%), and cis-1,2-dihydroxyacenaphthene (1.8%). Parallel experiments with rat liver microsomes indicated that the major metabolite formed from acenaphthene by rat liver microsomes was 1-acenaphthenone. The fungal metabolism of acenaphthene was similar to bacterial and mammalian metabolism, since the primary site of enzymatic attack was on the two carbons of the five-member ring.
Alzheimer Disease and Mortality (2005)

Alzheimer disease was responsible for 4.9% of the deaths in this elderly cohort. Alzheimer disease increased the risk of mortality 40% in the cohort as a whole and separately in women but not in men. The mean (SD) duration of survival with AD was 5.9 (3.7) years, and longer with earlier age at onset.
MicroRNA profiling of Parkinson's disease brains identifies early downregulation of miR-34b/c which modulate mitochondrial function (2011)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, playing key roles in neuronal development, plasticity and disease. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the presence of protein inclusions or Lewy bodies and a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Here, we have evaluated miRNA expression deregulation in PD brain samples. MiRNA expression profiling revealed decreased expression of miR-34b and miR-34c in brain areas with variable neuropathological affectation at clinical (motor) stages (Braak stages 4 and 5) of the disease, including the amygdala, frontal cortex, substantia nigra and cerebellum. Furthermore, misregulation of miR-34b/c was detected in pre-motor stages (stages 1–3) of the disease, and thus in cases that did not receive any PD-related treatment during life. Depletion of miR-34b or miR-34c in differentiated SH-SY5Y dopaminergic neuronal cells resulted in a moderate reduction in cell viability that was accompanied by altered mitochondrial function and dynamics, oxidative stress and reduction in total cellular adenosin triphosphate content. MiR-34b/c downregulation was coupled to a decrease in the expression of DJ1 and Parkin, two proteins associated to familial forms of PD that also have a role in idiopathic cases. Accordingly, DJ1 and Parkin expression was reduced in PD brain samples displaying strong miR-34b/c downregulation. We propose that early deregulation of miR-34b/c in PD triggers downstream transcriptome alterations underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which ultimately compromise cell viability. A better understanding of the cellular pathways controlling and/or controlled by miR-34b/c should allow identification of targets for development of therapeutic approaches.
Thirty Five Years of Computer Cartograms (2004)

Abstract The notion of a cartogram is reviewed. Then, based on a presentation from the 1960s, a direct and simple introduction is given to the design of a computer algorithm for the construction of contiguous value-by-area cartograms. As an example, a table of latitude/longitude to rectangular plane coordinates is included for a cartogram of the United States, along with Tissot's measures for this map projection. This is followed by a short review of the subsequent history of the subject and includes citation of algorithms proposed by others. In contrast to the usual geographic map, the most common use of cartograms is solely for the display and emphasis of a geographic distribution. A second use is in analysis, as a nomograph or problem-solving device similar in use to Mercator's projection, or in the transform-solve-invert paradigm. Recent innovations by computer scientists modify the objective and suggest variation similar to Airy's (1861) “balance of errors” idea for map projections.
PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS (1962)

Journal Article PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS Get access S. ULLMANN S. ULLMANN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XVI, Issue 1, January 1962, Pages 95–96, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XVI.1.95 Published: 01 January 1962
Serotype diversity and antigen variation among invasive isolates of Ureaplasma urealyticum from neonates (1992)

Ureaplasma urealyticum has previously been isolated from the cultured cerebrospinal fluid of 13 of 418 newborn infants; additional bloodstream isolates were obtained from the same population. Ten of the 13 cerebrospinal fluid and 3 bloodstream isolates were available for serotyping in the present study. By the use of serotype-specific reagents, including monoclonal antibodies, 70% of the cerebrospinal fluid isolates were identifiable as serotype 1, 3, 6, 8, or 10; i.e., they represented 5 of the 14 established serotypes or both presently defined genomic clusters. One of the bloodstream isolates was identified as serotype 3. Our data support the hypothesis that the property of invasiveness for unreaplasmas is likely not limited to one or a few particular serotypes among the 14 established serovars. Additionally, our study has shown that even in isolates of the same serotype, there can be size variation in the antigens expressed. Therefore, it would appear that many serotypes are invasive and that perhaps antigen variability and host factors may be more important determinants for ureaplasma infections than different serotypes per se.
Configuration management via constraint programming (1992)

As the complexity of computer systems has increased, the task of managing those systems has grown to the point where the assistance of the computer itself is required. The diversity of management tasks has, in turn, lead to a diversity of software. In Unix, for example, make(1), rcs(1) and cron(8) each address this issue. Distributed systems expand the realm of configuration management through emphasis on issues such as communication, dynamic reconfiguration, and consistency between information maintained at different sites. The Raven Configuration Management System (RCMS) provides a uniform means for performing many of these tasks. Configuration information is expressed as constraints in first order predicate logic. The constraints indicate acceptable states of the system. When the system enters a prohibited state, an expert system generates a series of commands to correct the situation. This paper offers a preliminary overview of the RCMS, including a sample application and a descrip...
Unifying constraint satisfaction and recommendation for amusement park navigation (2014)

Unlike conventional traveling salesman problems (TSPs) for transportation, amusement park navigation using a smart phone needs both efficiency and preference for personal adaptation. In addition, a dynamic treatment for waiting time estimation and reservation ticket use should be incorporated into a minimum path finding algorithm. This study attempts to unify an optimization method and recommender system facility for real-time support in Tokyo Disneyland navigation. We have developed a smart phone web application in which users select attractions, and then the application suggests reasonable and enjoyable routes. The experiment was conducted to demonstrate the novel functionality and performance of the proposed application.
Effect of two anticoagulants on leukocyte yield and function, and on lysosomal enzyme activity. (1988)

We compared acid citrate-dextrose (ACD-B) and heparin to determine which anticoagulant better preserves leukocytes for lysosomal enzyme assays if processing was done immediately or delayed for 24 h or more. Twenty normal subjects had blood drawn into tubes containing either ACD-B or heparin. The leukocytes were isolated by sedimentation in dextran (50 g/L) less than 2, 24, 48, and 72 h later. The most apparent difference was that cell counts indicated a 30% reduction in the number of leukocytes for ACD-B and a 95% reduction for heparin-treated cells at 48 h. The neutrophil function assay indicated that leukocyte processing must be done in less than 24 h regardless of the anticoagulant used, and that heparin is to be preferred. A comparison of heparin and ACD-B for maintenance of the activity of arylsulfatase A (EC 3.2.6.1) and hexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.50) indicates that there is no effect of anticoagulant. However, at 48 h after venipuncture, there is an 80% reduction in the number of heparin-treated samples that are suitable for use in the assay. Those laboratories doing lysosomal enzyme tests on mailed specimens, which are most often greater than 24 h old, should use ACD-B as anticoagulant.
A new class of mutations in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana, acaulis1</i>, affecting the development of both inflorescences and leaves (1993)

ABSTRACT We isolated and analyzed mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, acaulis, with flower stalks that are almost absent or are much reduced in length. The mutations are divided between two loci, acaulisl (acll) and acaulis2 (acl2). The acll-1 mutation has been assigned to linkage group 4 in the vicinity of locus ap2. The acl1-1 mutant showed premature arrest of the inflorescence meristem after the onset of reproductive development, followed by consequent reduction in the number of flower-bearing phytomers and therefore flowers. The apical meristem of the inflorescences was morphologically normal but its radius was about half that of the wild type. The acl1 mutants are also defective in the development of foliage leaves. Both defects could be rescued by growth at a specific temperature (28°C). The length of the cells in acl1-3 mutant was less than that in the wild type but the numbers of cells in leaves and internodes of acl1 mutants were calculated to be the same as those of the wild type. Thus, the defects in inflorescences and leaves were attributed to defects in the process of elongation (maturation) of these cells. Temperature-shift experiments showed that the Acl1+ product was necessary at all developmental stages. A critical stage was shown to exist for recovery from the cessation of development of inflorescence meristems that was caused by the acl1-1 mutation. Grafting experiments showed that the acl1-1 mutation does not affect diffusible substances. An analysis of double mutants carrying both acl1-1 and one of developmental mutations, ap1, clv1, Ify, or tfl1, showed that ACL1 is a new class of gene.