gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Synthesis of α-(Hydroxymethyl) Ketones Not Available Through Aldol-Type Processes (1990)

An efficient synthesis of α-(hydroxymethyl) ketones from β-keto esters has been developed, which is experimentally simple, amenable to large scale production and provides products of high purity without resort to chromatography in most cases. The method is a useful alternative and complement to condensation processes.
Rate-responsive pacing in patients with heart failure: long-term results of a randomized study (2008)

In the long-term follow-up, single-site ventricular pacing in patients with CHF and low LVEF is associated with significant clinical events and a poor prognosis.
Frequent homozygous deletions of the D13S25 locus in chromosome region 13q14 defines the location of a gene critical in leukaemogenesis in chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukaemia. (1994)

Cytogenetic studies of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia show structural abnormalities involving the 13q14 chromosome region as the only karyotypic change in a significant proportion of tumours. This observation suggests the location of a gene important in leukaemogenesis. A series of 68 BCLL tumours have been analysed for allele loss using a series of probes from 13q14. Using intragenic polymorphic markers from the retinoblastoma predisposition gene LOH was observed in 25% of tumours including 3/6 showing cytogenetically obvious deletions of the 13q14 region and 3/6 showing translocations involving 13q14. However, three deletions with proximal breakpoints in 13q14 did not show allele loss, demonstrating that the breakpoint lay distal to RB1. Using the D13S25 locus, which lies 1.6 cM distal to RB1, allele loss was seen in 90% of tumours with structural rearrangements of 13q14 and 75% of tumours with an apparently normal karyotype. 50% of these tumours showed homozygous loss of D13S25, suggesting that a 'tumour suppressor gene' lies in this region. The more distal D13S31 locus, 1 cM distal to D13S25, was infrequently involved in allele loss demonstrating that the minimum region of overlap for homozygous deletions is approximately 1 Mbp around the D13S25 locus.
Acute-Phase Serum Amyloid A: An Inflammatory Adipokine and Potential Link between Obesity and Its Metabolic Complications (2006)

A-SAA is a proinflammatory and lipolytic adipokine in humans. The increased expression of A-SAA by adipocytes in obesity suggests that it may play a critical role in local and systemic inflammation and free fatty acid production and could be a direct link between obesity and its comorbidities, such as insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Accordingly, improvements in systemic inflammation and insulin resistance with weight loss and rosiglitazone therapy may in part be mediated by decreases in adipocyte A-SAA production.
The FDDI link error rate monitor (2003)

The fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) is an emerging American National Standard Institute (ANSI) token-ring local area network using fiber-optic links as the transmission medium. A description is provided of the link error monitor (LEM), a function of FDDI station management (SMT) which provides continuous monitoring of FDDI link error rates. The evolution of the LEM is briefly traced. An example implementation of the mechanisms and policies associated with FDDI physical link error-rate monitoring is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The sea urchin sperm receptor for egg jelly is a modular protein with extensive homology to the human polycystic kidney disease protein, PKD1. (1996)

During fertilization, the sea urchin sperm acrosome reaction (AR), an ion channel-regulated event, is triggered by glycoproteins in egg jelly (EJ). A 210-kD sperm membrane glycoprotein is the receptor for EJ (REJ). This conclusion is based on the following data: purified REJ binds species specifically to EJ dotted onto nitrocellulose, an mAb to REJ induces the sperm AR, antibody induction is blocked by purified REJ, and purified REJ absorbs the AR-inducing activity of EJ. Overlapping fragments of REJ cDNA were cloned (total length, 5,596 bp). The sequence was confirmed by microsequencing six peptides of mature REJ and by Western blotting with antibody to a synthetic peptide designed from the sequence. Complete deglycosylation of REJ followed by Western blotting yielded a size estimate in agreement with that of the mature amino acid sequence. REJ is modular in design; it contains one EGF module and two C-type lectin carbohydrate-recognition modules. Most importantly, it contains a novel module, herein named the REJ module (700 residues), which shares extensive homology with the human polycystic kidney disease protein (PKD1). Mutations in PKD1 cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, one of the most frequent genetic disease of humans. The lesion in cellular physiology resulting from mutations in the PKD1 protein remains unknown. The homology between REJ modules of the sea urchin REJ and human PKD1 suggests that PKD1 could be involved in ionic regulation.
Efficient conversion of 545–680 nm radiation from a tunable dye laser to the near ultraviolet (1979)

Results are presented of an experimental investigation of the conversion of 545–680 nm dye laser radiation to the 360–415 nm ultraviolet range. A conversion efficiency of 70% was obtained.
Trade Data Watch in Latin America (2011)

Nowadays,Latin American countries are increasingly of great importance to China in terms of economic and trade relations.Take Brazil for example,
Information raining and optimal link-layer design for mobile hotspots (2005)

In this paper, we propose a link layer design for mobile hotspots. We design a novel system architecture that enables high-speed Internet access in railway systems. The proposed design uses a number of repeaters placed along the track and multiple antennas installed on the roof of a vehicle. Each packet is decomposed into smaller fragments and relayed to the vehicle via adjacent repeaters. We also use erasure coding to add parity fragments to original data. This approach is called information raining since fragments are rained upon the vehicle from adjacent repeaters. We investigate two instances of information raining. In blind information raining, all repeaters awaken when they sense the presence of the vehicle. The fragments are then blindly transmitted via awakened repeaters. A vehicle station installed inside the train is responsible for aggregating a large enough number of fragments. In the throughput-optimized information raining, the vehicle station selects a bipartite matching between repeaters and roof-top antennas and activates only a subset of the repeaters. It also dictates the amount of transmission power of each activated repeater. Both the bipartite matching and power allocations are individually shown to be NP-complete. Matching heuristics based on the Hungarian algorithm and Gale-Shapley algorithm are proposed. A simplex-type algorithm is proposed as the power allocation heuristics.
Potential Antitumor Agents. V. Bisquaternary Salts (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential Antitumor Agents. V. Bisquaternary SaltsG. J. Atwell and B. F. CainCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 4, 706–713Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00316a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00316a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Additions To The Odonata Of Massachusetts Usa (1974)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Application of Directed Orthometalation Toward the Synthesis of Aryl Siloxanes. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Photooxidation of organic wastes using semiconductor nanoclusters. 1998 annual progress report (1998)

'This report summarizes work after 1.5 years of a 3-year project. The authors efforts have focused on demonstration of photocatalysis of organic pollutants using nanosize MoS{sub 2}. They investigated the effects of (1) bandgap, valence and conduction band energies; (2) surface modification of MoS{sub 2} by deposition of metal and metal oxide islands to enhance electron transfer; and (3) use of semi-conductor semi-conductor composites to achieve improved charge separation and thus photooxidation of pollutants. They synthesized and studied nanosize MoS{sub 2} of three different sizes and associated bandgaps and studied photoredox reactions of nanosize MoS{sub 2} dispersed in solution and supported on a macroscopic powder. The latter would be the method of choice for use as a practical photocatalyst for water purification. As they emphasized in the original proposal, MoS{sub 2} in nanosize form can be tuned to absorb various amounts of the solar spectrum. They discovered there is an optimal choice of absorbance characteristics and valence and conduction band levels which allow the rapid photo-oxidation of a chosen organic molecule. The advantages of having a photostable material with a tunable bandgap were demonstrated in an experiment where phenol destruction with visible (> 450 nm) light occurred at a dramatically faster rate with nanoscale MoS{sub 2} catalysts compared to the best available previous material TiO{sub 2}. This was the first demonstration of rapid photooxidation of an organic molecule using a completely photostable catalyst and only visible light. The possibility of transferring electrons or holes between nanoscale MoS{sub 2} and other semiconductor materials in order to increase electron/hole lifetimes were explored. It was shown that small amounts (<5 weight %) of nanoscale MoS{sub 2} deposited on to TiO{sub 2} can lead to significant ({approximately}2) enhancements of phenol destruction rates. A number of different chemicals were photocatalyzed sucessfully to CO{sub 2}, but most of the work centered on the destruction of phenol. This particular organic was chosen for its ease of detection and relative resistance to oxidation, and because its photo-oxidation has been studied extensively by many previous researchers. No attempts were made to find the absolute quantum yield of the photo-oxidation process. Rather, following the approach of Serpone and coworkers they compared the relative activity of nanoscale MoS{sub 2} to a well studied photocatalyst, Degussa P25 TiO{sub 2}. Chemical analysis was done with high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a reverse phase column, Hewlett-Packard 1050 diode array detector, and Hewlett-Packard 1046A fluorescence detector. The fluorescence detector allowed detection of phenol to {approximately} 10 ppb without preconcentration. They were typically able to destroy phenol and certain cholorinated hydrocarbons such as pentachlorophenol (a common wood preservative) to undetectable levels in less than 2--3 hours of treatment.'
Online dosimetry based on optically stimulated luminescence materials (2005)

A version of the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) sensor specifically developed to monitor the dose online in radiation facilities is presented and calibrated with /sup 60/Co. The lowest dose measurable at the extremity of a 20 m cable is 0.3 mGy.
Design tradeoffs among MCM-C, MCM-D and MCM-D/C technologies (2002)

Design tradeoffs in electrical performance, wiring density and cost for MCM-C, MCM-D and MCM-D/C technologies are described. MCM-C includes cofired alumina (AlO) substate using molybdenum metallization and cofired glass-ceramic (GC) substrate using copper metallization. MCM-D technology options include a 2-level (coplanar) and a 4-level (triplate) structures utilizing copper in polyimide. MCM-D/C comprises the hybrid of the aforementioned thin and thick film technologies leading to 3, 4 and 5-level thin film options on top of cofired ceramic substrates. The thin film technologies presented represent a range of ground-rule complexity from 25- mu m to 100- mu m pitch. It is concluded that the choice of a particular MCM technology should be application-specific in terms of its cost, performance and wiring density tradeoffs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diagnosis of<i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>Infection (2001)

Strongyloides stercoralis infects 30 million people in 70 countries. Infection usually results in asymptomatic chronic disease of the gut, which can remain undetected for decades. However, in patients receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy, hyperinfection can occur, resulting in high mortality rates (up to 87%). Strongyloidiasis is difficult to diagnose because the parasite load is low and the larval output is irregular. Results of a single stool examination by use of conventional techniques fail to detect larvae in up to 70% of cases. Several immunodiagnostic assays have been found ineffective in detecting disseminated infections and show extensive cross-reactivity with hookworms, filariae, and schistosomes. Although it is important to detect latent S. stercoralis infections before administering chemotherapy or before the onset of immunosuppression in patients at risk, a specific and sensitive diagnostic test is lacking. This review describes the clinical manifestations of strongyloidiasis, as well as various diagnostic tests and treatment strategies.
A comparison of measures of disproportionality for signal detection in spontaneous reporting systems for adverse drug reactions (2002)

This study shows that the different measures used are broadly comparable when four or more cases per combination have been collected.
Data Stream Clustering: Challenges and Issues (2010)

Very large databases are required to store massive amounts of data that are continuously inserted and queried. Analyzing huge data sets and extracting valuable pattern in many applications are interesting for researchers. We can identify two main groups of techniques for huge data bases mining. One group refers to streaming data and applies mining techniques whereas second group attempts to solve this problem directly with efficient algorithms. Recently many researchers have focused on data stream as an efficient strategy against huge data base mining instead of mining on entire data base. The main problem in data stream mining means evolving data is more difficult to detect in this techniques therefore unsupervised methods should be applied. However, clustering techniques can lead us to discover hidden information. In this survey, we try to clarify: first, the different problem definitions related to data stream clustering in general; second, the specific difficulties encountered in this field of research; third, the varying assumptions, heuristics, and intuitions forming the basis of different approaches; and how several prominent solutions tackle different problems. Index Terms- Data Stream, Clustering, K-Means, Concept drift
Mobile adaptive CALL (MAC): a case-study in developing a mobile learning application for speech/audio language training (2005)

In this paper, we present a case-study on developing an adaptive computer assisted language learning software built for mobile devices. Our application, called mobile adaptive CALL (MAC) is aimed at helping Japanese-English speakers in perceptually distinguishing the non-native /r/ vs. /l/ English phonemic contrast with a view to improving their discrimination. The software is adaptive and more practice is given for the learner on contrasts that are most difficult for them, and learners may choose their preferred level of difficulty. MAC is implemented in Java (J2ME), allowing the software to be used on a wide range of mobile devices including most recent mobile phones. In our case-study, we give an overview of the software, results from initial user studies and suggest some considerations for designing and implementing mobile learning applications for speech/audio language training.
Stochastic modelling of gene regulatory networks (2005)

Abstract Gene regulatory networks are dynamic and stochastic in nature, and exhibit exquisite feedback and feedforward control loops that regulate their biological function at different levels. Modelling of such networks poses new challenges due, in part, to the small number of molecules involved and the stochastic nature of their interactions. In this article, we motivate the stochastic modelling of genetic networks and demonstrate the approach using several examples. We discuss the mathematics of molecular noise models including the chemical master equation, the chemical Langevin equation, and the reaction rate equation. We then discuss numerical simulation approaches using the stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) and its variants. Finally, we present some recent advances for dealing with stochastic stiffness, which is the key challenge in efficiently simulating stochastic chemical kinetics. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biologically Active Fas Antigen and Its Cognate Ligand Are Expressed on Plasma Membrane-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (1998)

Exfoliation of plasma membrane components is a directed process that consumes energy and requires active cell metabolism. Proteins involved in regulating the survival and proliferation of eukaryotic cells are released on exfoliated vesicles. We examine here whether the Fas receptor and its cognate ligand (FasL) are present on vesicles shed from high metastatic potential CX-1 cells and low metastatic potential MIP-101 cells and from HuT 78 cells, respectively. Rates of exfoliation at 2 hours and cumulative levels of extracellular vesicles in serum-free medium conditioned by CX-1 cells are increased by 1.8-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, relative to that in medium conditioned by MIP-101 cells. Although vesicles shed from both cancer cell lines contain Fas antigen, the amount of Fas per vesicle and the percentage of vesicles containing Fas are increased for vesicles isolated from MIP-101 cells, relative to those from CX-1 cells, as determined by immunogold particle labeling and electron microscopy and by immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Results of metabolic labeling with 35S-methionine indicate that Fas biosynthesis is reduced by up to 3.3-fold for CX-1 cells, relative to that of MIP-101 cells, consistent with the finding of decreased Fas on vesicles shed from the plasma membrane of CX-1 cells. Although mRNA for soluble Fas receptor is detectable in both cell lines, depletion of shed vesicles from serum-free medium by ultracentrifugation removes all detectable biological activity. FasL is detected on vesicles exfoliated from HuT 78 cells by immunoelectron microscopy and Western blot analysis. FasL-bearing vesicles induce apoptosis of Fas-expressing cancer cells at the same level as observed by treatment with monoclonal anti-Fas antibody. Furthermore, Fas-bearing extracellular vesicles from MIP-101 but not from CX-1 cells protect the CX-1 cell line from FasL-induced and anti-Fas-mediated apoptosis, indicating that Fas present on shed vesicles is biologically active. We conclude that the Fas antigen and its cognate ligand are exfoliated from the cell surface in a bioactive configuration. Exfoliation may provide a mechanism for long-range signal-directed apoptosis while maintaining Fas/FasL on a membrane surface.
OBITUARY: Eva Reckitt (1976)

Journal Article OBITUARY: Eva Reckitt Get access R.E.S. R.E.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar History Workshop Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, AUTUMN 1976, Pages 238–239, https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/2.1.238 Published: 01 October 1976
Fabrication of High Voltage Polysilicon TFT's on an Insulator (1986)

Using thin film transistors in active‐matrixed addressed large area displays has recently become important in display development. Specifically, a PLZT ceramic dot‐matrix display requires high voltage TFT pixel switching. To meet the need, a process has been developed utilizing polysilicon and temperatures less than 850°C, which yields MOSFET's capable of operating at voltages in excess of 50V with high ratios. High mobilities are obtained by fabricating n‐channel, accumulation‐mode devices in silicon deposited in the amorphous state and later annealed to the final polycrystalline condition.
Stress-Strain Curves of Nafion Membranes in Acid and Salt Forms (2002)

Nafion membranes have been studied using dynamic mechanical analysis in the controlled force mode and clamp of tension film measurements for as received commercial Nafion membranes with different solvent contents and with different cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+). In comparison with as-received Nafion membranes, the initial slope of the stress-strain curves decreases with increasing water contents in the Nafion membrane and also with the addition of methanol, ethanol and ethanol/water (50/50%, v/v) mixture. The initial slope decreases also with increasing temperatures. On the other hand, the initial slope increases when the cation is replaced, in the following order: Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+ and Rb+. Nafion in salt form normally shows an increase in the initial slope from room temperature up to approximately 90ºC, after which the slope decreases with increasing temperatures.
Bile Salt Stimulated Cholesterol Esterase Increases Uptake of High Density Lipoprotein-Associated Cholesteryl Esters by HepG2 Cells (1996)

Bile salt stimulated cholesterol esterase is predominantly synthesized in the pancreas. However, this enzyme is also synthesized by the liver and was found to be present in plasma. The physiologic role of the systemic cholesterol esterase has not been clearly defined. In the current study, the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was used as a model to determine the role of cholesterol esterase on hepatic uptake of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated cholesteryl esters. The results showed that hepatic uptake of the cholesteryl esters analog [3H]cholesteryl ether on reconstituted HDL was inhibited by anti-cholesterol esterase antibodies. The HDL-associated cholesteryl ester transported to HepG2 cells was also increased 2-fold in the presence of taurocholate, an activator of the cholesterol esterase. These results suggest that liver-derived cholesterol esterase may play an important role in cellular uptake of cholesteryl esters from HDL. This hypothesis was supported by demonstrating the ability of exogenously added cholesterol esterase to further enhance hepatic uptake of HDL-associated cholesteryl esters. The results of the current study also showed that cholesterol esterase increased free-to-esterified cholesterol ratio in the lipoprotein. Thus, alteration of HDL structure and composition contributes to the cholesterol esterase-induced cellular uptake of HDL-associated cholesteryl esters. On the basis of these observations, we propose that liver-derived cholesterol esterase may play an important role in lipoprotein metabolism.