gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2.4 GHz WLAN InGaP/GaAs Power Amplifier with Temperature Compensation Technique (2009)

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a high performance 2.4 GHz two-stage power amplifier (PA) operating in the temperature range from -30 o C to +85 o C for IEEE 802.11g, wireless local area network application. It is implemented in InGaP/GaAs hetero-junction bipolar transistor technology and has a bias circuit employing a temperature compensation technique for error vector magnitude (EVM) performance. The technique uses a resistor made with a base layer of HBT. The design improves EVM performance in cold temperatures by increasing current. The implemented PA has a dynamic EVM of less than 4%, a gain of over 26 dB, and a current less than 130 mA below the output power of 19 dBm across the temperature range from -30 o C to +85 o C. KeywordsInGaP power amplifier, wireless local area network (WLAN), temperature compensation technique, dynamic error vector magnitude (EVM).
P-glycoprotein Does Not Protect Cells against Cytolysis Induced by Pore-forming Proteins (2001)

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an ATP-dependent drug pump that confers multidrug resistance (MDR). In addition to its ability to efflux toxins, P-gp can also inhibit apoptosis induced by a wide array of cell death stimuli that rely on activation of intracellular caspases for full function. We therefore hypothesized that P-gp may have additional functions in addition to its role in effluxing xenotoxins that could provide protection to tumor cells against a host response. There have been a number of contradictory reports concerning the role of P-gp in regulating complement activation. Given the disparate results obtained by different laboratories and our published results demonstrating that P-gp does not affect cell death induced by another membranolytic protein, perforin, we decided to assess the role of P-gp in regulating cell lysis induced by a number of different pore-forming proteins. Testing a variety of different P-gp-expressing MDR cell lines produced following exposure of cells to chemotherapeutic agents or by retroviral gene transduction in the complete absence of any drug selection, we found no difference in sensitivity of P-gp(+ve) or P-gp(-ve) cells to the pore-forming proteins complement, perforin, or pneumolysin. Based on these results, we conclude that P-gp does not affect cell lysis induced by pore-forming proteins.
New techniques for monitoring the insulation quality of in-service HV apparatus (1992)

New online monitoring techniques have been developed for use on HV systems. An online testing device was developed to measure partial discharge and dielectric loss angle (DLA) of in-service HV instrument transformers and is used as a fast screening device. A continuous DLA monitor for in-service transformer bushings and current transformers has also been developed and installed at a 132 kV substation. These techniques considerably enhance HV plant maintenance programs and have a significant impact on future plant monitoring strategies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interpolation and gridding of aliased geophysical data usingconstrained anisotropic diffusion to enhance trends (2005)

Abstract Geophysical data are frequently collected with a fine sample interval along traverse lines but with a coarser sampling in the direction perpendicular to the traverses. This disparity in sampling intervals is particularly evident when magnetic data are collected simultaneously with airborne electromagnetic data. Interpolating this traverse data onto an evenly spaced 2D grid can result in aliasing artifacts. For example, narrow linear structures that trend at acute angles to the traverse lines are imaged as a thick/thin/thick feature, looking like a boudinage or string of beads. Applying the anisotropic diffusion process to the resulting grids of data removes the artifacts, but the grid values close to the traverses are altered significantly from their initial values. The altered values are therefore not faithful to the original traverse data. The anisotropic diffusion algorithm can be modified to constrain values close to the original traverses. This modification removes the aliasing artifacts and produces a data grid faithful to the original traverse data. Some small artifacts along the traverse lines in the final data grid become more evident when grids containing derivative data (such as the analytic signal) are generated from the new data grid. However, these small traverse-line artifacts can be removed with standard microleveling procedures. The constrained anisotropic diffusion process is iterative, and some experimentation is required to determine the appropriate number of iterations.
Immunohistochemical evidence of autocrine growth factors in adenocarcinoma of the human lung. (1990)

We immunohistochemically examined 131 primary human lung adenocarcinomas for the possible presence of autocrine factors. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were considered growth factors with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as the receptor. Of these tumors, 87 (66%) showed a high expression of TGF alpha, 66 (50%) showed a high expression of EGF, and 55 (42%) were positive for EGFR reactivity. In the EGFR-positive cases, the 5-year survival rates of patients with high TGF alpha and low TGF alpha were 36% and 85%, respectively (P less than 0.05). The 5-year survival rates of patients with high EGF and low EGF were 25% and 77%, respectively (P less than 0.05). In contrast, in the EGFR-negative cases, there was no statistical difference between the 5-year survival rates of patients with either high TGF alpha or EGF and low TGF alpha or EGF. Because autocrine growth mechanisms are present in adenocarcinoma of the human lung, these events may contribute to clarification of tumor development, and perhaps even to a better prognosis.
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in HIV-Infected Individuals Treated With Protease Inhibitors (1999)

Administration of PIs to HIV-infected individuals is associated with a marked, compound-specific dyslipidemia. The risk of pancreatitis and premature atherosclerosis due to PI-associated dyslipidemia remains to be established.
Double-enzyme conjugates, producing an intermediate color, for simultaneous and direct detection of three different intracellular immunoglobulin determinants with only two enzymes. (1986)

A new double-enzyme conjugate was synthesized by coupling alkaline phosphatase (AP) to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After AP (blue) and subsequent HRP (red) cytochemistry, this new conjugate produced a stable intermediate-colored (violet) product. By coupling this double-enzyme conjugate to an antigen (trinitrophenyl, TNP) or an antibody (anti-mouse immunoglobulin G2a), anti-TNP or -IgG2a-producing cells could be demonstrated as violet cells in spleen sections. This led to the development of a rapid one-step incubation--two-step cytochemical procedure for simultaneous detection of three different determinants in a single tissue section. To demonstrate this novel triple staining method, we coupled three different antigens to, respectively, AP, HRP, and AP-HRP. When spleen sections of immunized animals were incubated with a mixture of these three antigen-enzyme conjugates, we could distinguish antibody-forming cells against each of these three antigens simultaneously as red (HRP), blue (AP), and violet (AP-HRP) cells. The simultaneous detection of three different classes of intracellular antibodies in a single section also proved to be possible with this method. With this study we provide a new direct method for detection of three different intracellular immunoglobulins after a one-step incubation and a two-step standard cytochemical procedure.
Adaptive illumination change compensation method for multi-view video coding (2006)

In this paper, an adaptive illumination change compensation method is proposed for multi-view video coding. In multi-view video, an illumination change can occur due to physically imperfect camera calibration, each different camera position and direction, and so on. These characteristics can cause a performance decrease in the multi-view video coding that uses an inter-view prediction by referring to the pictures obtained from the neighboring views. By using the proposed method, a compression ratio of the proposed method in the multi-view video coding is increased, and finally PSNR(Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) improvement was obtained compared with the case of not using the proposed method.
Ampullosporin, a New Peptaibol-type Antibiotic from Sepedonium ampullosporum HKI-0053 with Neuroleptic Activity in Mice. (1997)

Ampullosporin (I; Ac-Trp-Ala-Aib-Aib-Leu-Aib-Gln-Aib-Aib-Aib-Gln-Leu-Aib-Gln-Leuol) was isolated from the mycelium of Sepedonium ampullosporum as a new 15-membered peptaibol-type antibiotic. The structure was determined by mass spectrometric and two-dimensional NMR experiments. Ampullosporin displays narrow-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity, induces pigment formation by Phoma destructiva, causes hypothermia and decreased spontaneous locomotor activity in mice in dosages > 1 mg/kg.
Use of syringaldazine in a photometric method for estimating "free" chlorine in water (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of syringaldazine in a photometric method for estimating "free" chlorine in waterRobert. Bauer and Chauncey O. RupeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1971, 43, 3, 421–425Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60298a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60298a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views521Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Carcinogenic induction directs the selection of allelic losses in mouse lung tumorigenesis. (2002)

Recent evidence suggests that genome-wide allelic imbalances are inducible by carcinogens and may occur as cells adapt to carcinogenic exposure during tumorigenesis. We investigated the role of carcinogenic exposure on global and selected loss of heterozygosity (LOH) during mouse lung adenocarcinogenesis. Tumor induction by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) or vinyl carbamate (VC) resulted in a significant overall increase in the number of chromosomes affected by LOH per tumor when compared with spontaneous lung tumors. Allelic loss on chromosome 12 occurred at a frequency of 35% and 40% in NNK- and VC-induced tumors, respectively, compared with 8.3% in spontaneous tumors (P < 0.01). In contrast, spontaneous lung adenocarcinomas displayed LOH on chromosome 4 at a frequency of 77%, whereas a frequency of only 36% (P < 0.001) was observed in tumors induced by NNK. Sixty-four percent of the VC-induced tumors displayed LOH on chromosome 4. In addition, allelic losses on chromosomes 12 and 14 were significantly associated with an increase in chromosomal instability, suggesting that genes inactivated on these chromosomes may contribute to this effect. The results from this study demonstrate that genotoxic carcinogens increase chromosome instability, as evidenced by a significant increase in global LOH frequency, and significantly alter the selection of chromosomal alterations during lung tumor development.
Strategies to Keep Your VoIP Network Secure (2007)

As VoIP technology matures, more IT departments have made the jump to integrate VoIP into their enterprise communication systems. But, before an organization fully commits to the technology, it should perform a risk assessment, paying close attention to any security measures needed to protect these IP-based voice networks. For telephone systems where controlled access throughout the communications infrastructure isn't necessary, services that leverage machines on the public Internet could be a cost-effective choice. However, for systems where secured network control is critical, VoIP networks based on private enterprise infrastructures should be considered. This article focuses on the security measures associated with private-enterprise-based VoIP networks.
Evaluation of capillary reinforced composites (1985)

Anti-icing of the inlet of jet engines is generally performed with high pressure heated air that is directed forward from the compressor through a series of pipes to various manifolds located near the structures to be anti-iced. From these manifolds, the air is directed to all flowpath surfaces that may be susceptible to ice formation. There the anti-icing function may be performed by either heat conduction or film heating. Unfortunately, the prospect of utilizing lighweight, high strength composites for inlet structures of jet engines has been frustrated by the low transverse thermal conductivity of such materials. It was the objective of this program to develop an advanced materials and design concept for anti-icing composite structures. The concept that was evaluated used capillary glass tubes embedded on the surface of a composite structure with heated air ducted through the tubes. An analytical computer program was developed to predict the anti-icing performance of such tubes and a test program was conducted to demonstrate actual performance of this system. Test data and analytical code results were in excellent agreement. Both indicate feasibility of using capillary tubes for surface heating as a means for composite engine structures to combat ice accumulation.
Urinary trypsin inhibitor and its clinical usefulness for diagnosis of acute phase reactant and renal disease. (1989)

Urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) is glycoprotein which is excreted in urine small amount in healthy subjects. Faarvang reviewed in 1965 that excretion of UTI in urine increased during various disease states, such as, bacterial infection, malignant neoplasma with metastasis, myocardial infarction, surgical operation, normal pregnancy, acute pancreatitis, and renal diseases.Thereafter, studies were carried out to investigate the apparent polymorphism of UTI, and to determine and characterize the amino acid sequence and cDNA structure of UTI. In addition to trypsin-inhibitory activity, UTI has been elucidated to have many biological activities including; inhibition of proteinases other than trypsin, stabilization of shock, improvement of acute pancreatitis, and endothelial cell growth factor. In recent works, however, UTI seems seldom to be cited in relation to an acute phase reactant.We were able to carry out the automated measurement of UTI which was suggested to be useful for clinical diagnosis of acute phase of various conditions and renal diseases.
The Motion Estimation of Caterpilla-type Mobile Robot Using Robust SLAM (2009)

This paper proposes a robust method for mapping of a caterpillar-type mobile robot which inherently has uncertainty in its modeling by compensating for the estimated pose error of the robot. In general, a caterpillar type robot is difficult to model, which results in inaccuracy in Simultaneous Localization And Mapping(SLAM). To enhance the robustness of the SLAM for a caterpillar-type mobile robot, we factorize the SLAM posterior, where we used particle filter to estimate the position of the robot and Extended Kalman Filter(EKF) to map the environment. The simulation results show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method for mapping.
Modeling Annotators to Improve Semantic Annotation and Retrieval of Images (2006)

Semantic annotation of images is an important step to support semantic information extraction and retrieval. However, since the behaviors of annotators could influence the performance of a retrieval system, the modeling of annotators must be considered during the annotation especially in multiple-annotator system. This paper devised an annotator model from three different aspects, expertise, trustworthiness, and diligence. And also conducted experiments to evaluate the annotator model; the experiments showed the proposed annotator model improved the annotation and retrieval significantly.
Circulating Immune Complexes in the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias (1978)

We determined circulating immune complex levels and their correlation with pulmonary histopathology, immunofluorescence and steroid responsiveness in 24 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Levels were elevated in all but three of 16 patients with cellular disease, but in none of eight with diffuse fibrosis (P less than 0.001). Granular deposition of IgG, usually with elevated levels, but in only 11 per cent of those with normal levels (P less than 0.001). The radiographic and physiologic response to corticosteroid therapy was better in patients with initially elevated levels than in those with normal levels (P less than 0.03). Circulating immune complexex are present in patients with cellular idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, have a pathogentic role in this disease and may identify a patient population that is potentially steroid responsive.
Nanometer-Scale ${\rm HfO}_{x}$ RRAM (2013)

HfOx-based resistive random access memory with an active area down to few nanometers in diameter is fabricated and characterized. Scaling trends for forming and switching characteristics are presented. For the smallest device with an active area of few nanometers in diameter, ac switching endurance of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> cycles with more than 100 × resistance window is demonstrated. In addition, multiple resistance states are shown to be stable after 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> read cycles and 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> s baking at 150 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C.
Furopyridines. X. Synthesis of tricyclic heterocycles, furo[2,3‐<i>b</i>:4,5‐<i>c'</i>]‐, furo[3,2‐<i>b</i>:4,5‐<i>c'</i>]‐, furo[2,3‐<i>c</i>:4,5‐<i>c'</i>]‐ and furo[3,2‐<i>c</i>:4,5‐<i>c'</i>]dipyridine (1990)

Abstract This paper describes the synthesis of four tricyclic heterocycles, furo[2,3–6:4,5‐ c' ]‐ ( 5a ), furo[3,2‐ b :4,5‐ c' ]‐ ( 5b ), furo[2,3‐ c :4,5‐ c' ]‐ ( 5c ) and furo[3,2‐ c :4,5‐ c' ]dipyridine ( 5d ). Starting with 2‐formylfuropyridines ( 1a‐d ), β‐(2‐furopyridyl)acrylic acids 2a‐d were obtained by condensing with malonic acid. The acrylic acids were converted to the acid azides by reaction with ethyl chloroformate and the subsequent reaction with sodium azide. Heating of the acid azides at 230–240° with diphenylmethane and tributylamine gave tricyclic pyridinones 3a‐d , which were converted to the respective chloro derivatives 4a‐d by reaction with phosphorus oxychloride. Reduction of the chloro compounds over palladium‐charcoal yielded compounds 5a‐d respectively. All the compounds 2 to 5 were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral data. The H and 13 C nmr and electronic spectral features of the furodipyridines were discussed comparing with those of the parent furopyridines.
Enhanced Fracture Toughness in Layered Microcomposites of Ce‐ZrO <sub>2</sub> and Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> (1991)

Laminar composites, containing layers of Ce‐ZrO 2 and either Al 2 O 3 or a mixture of Al 2 O 3 and Ce‐ZrO 2 , have been fabricated using a colloidal method that allowed formation of layers with thicknesses as small as 10 μm. Strong interactions between these layers and the martensitic transformation zones surrounding cracks and indentations have been observed. In both cases, the transformation zones spread along the region adjacent to the layer, resulting in an increased fracture toughness. The enhanced fracture toughness was observed for cracks growing parallel to the layers as well as for those that were oriented normal to the layers.
Gamma−ray spectroscopy with single−carrier collection in high−resistivity semiconductors (1975)

With the standard plane−parallel configuration of semiconductor detectors, good γ−ray spectra can only be obtained when both electrons and holes are completely collected. We show by calculations (and experiments) that with contacts of hemispherical configuration one can obtain γ−ray spectra of adequate resolution and with signal heights of nearly full amplitude even when only one type of carrier is collected. Experiments with CdTe detectors for which the μτ product for electrons is about 103 times that of the holes confirm these calculations. The adoption of hemispherical contacts thus widens the range of high−resistivity semiconductors potentially acceptable for γ−ray detection at room temperature.
Periodontal Probe Improves Exams, Alleviates Pain (2009)

Dentists, comedian Bill Cosby memorably mused, tell you not to pick your teeth with any sharp metal object. Then you sit in their chair, and the first thing they grab is an iron hook! Conventional periodontal probing is indeed invasive, uncomfortable for the patient, and the results can vary greatly between dentists and even for repeated measurements by the same dentist. It is a necessary procedure, though, as periodontal disease is the most common dental disease, involving the loss of teeth by the gradual destruction of ligaments that hold teeth in their sockets in the jawbone. The disease usually results from an increased concentration of bacteria in the pocket, or sulcus, between the gums and teeth. These bacteria produce acids and other byproducts, which enlarge the sulcus by eroding the gums and the periodontal ligaments. The sulcus normally has a depth of 1 to 2 millimeters, but in patients with early stages of periodontal disease, it has a depth of 3 to 5 millimeters. By measuring the depth of the sulcus, periodontists can have a good assessment of the disease s progress. Presently, there are no reliable clinical indicators of periodontal disease activity, and the best available diagnostic aid, periodontal probing, can only measure what has already been lost. A method for detecting small increments of periodontal ligament breakdown would permit earlier diagnosis and intervention with less costly and time-consuming therapy, while overcoming the problems associated with conventional probing. The painful, conventional method for probing may be destined for the archives of dental history, thanks to the development of ultrasound probing technologies. The roots of ultrasound probes are in an ultrasound-based time-of-flight technique routinely used to measure material thickness and length in the Nondestructive Evaluation Sciences Laboratory at Langley Research Center. The primary applications of that technology have been for corrosion detection and bolt tension measurements (Spinoff 2005). This ultrasound measurement system was adapted to the Periodontal Structures Mapping System, invented at Langley by John A. Companion, under the supervision of Dr. Joseph S. Heyman. Support of the research and development that led to this invention was provided by NASA s Technology Applications Engineering Program and by the Naval Institute for Dental and Biomedical Research, in Great Lakes, Illinois.