gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inversion-Based Method Integrating Sonic and Resistivity Logging Data for Estimation of Radial Water Saturation and Porosity Near the Wellbore (2014)

Abstract We present an inversion-based method for petrophysical interpretation in a vertical or slightly deviated well that integrates flexural wave dispersion data from a sonic dipole tool, and resisitivity data from a tri-axial array-induction tool. At each logging depth, the inversion solves for radial profiles of water saturation and porosity extending several feet from the wellbore. Radial changes in water saturation represent the effect of mud-filtrate invasion, while radial changes in porosity represent the effect of mud-fines migration or mechanical breakdown of rocks. Petrophysical transforms specific to the formation lithology are used to map water saturation and porosity to elastic velocities and resistivity, which constitute the input to electromagnetic and sonic tool response simulators. Radial profiles of formation properties are estimated by minimizing the mismatch between the measured and simulated data using an inversion workflow. The workflow is designed taking into account complementary sensitivities of the flexural and induction measurements to improve inversion robustness. We benchmark the inversion workflow for two fluid-lithology configurations relevant to deepwater offshore environments. The first configuration corresponds to gas-bearing sandstone drilled with oil-base mud, where the effective elastic properties are governed by the Gassmann fluid substitution petroelastic transform. The second configuration corresponds to oil-bearing carbonate drilled with oil-base mud, governed by the Self-Consistent Effective Medium (SCEM) petroelastic transform. For various near-wellbore invasion and mechanical alteration scenarios, the inversion reconstructs the radial formation properties extending up to five feet from the wellbore. The results demonstrate the efficiency, robustness, and accuracy of the inversion for application to challenging formation evaluation scenarios.
Character recognition in the presence of occluding clutter (2008)

Many documents contain (free-hand) underlining, "COPY" stamps, crossed out text, doodling and other "clutter" that occlude the text. In many cases, it is not possible to separate the text from the clutter. Commercial OCR solutions typically fail for cluttered text. We present a new method for finding the clutter using path analysis of points on the skeleton of the clutter/text connected component. This method can separate the clutter from the text even for fairly complex clutter shapes. Even with good localization of occluding clutter, it is difficult to use feature-based recognition for occluded characters, simply because the clutter affects the features in various ways. We propose a new algorithm that uses adapted templates of the font in the document that can be used for all forms of occlusion of the character. The method finds the simulated localization of the corresponding clutter in the templates and compares the unaffected parts of the templates and the character. The method has proved highly successful even when much of the character is occluded. We present examples of clutter localization and character recognition with occluded characters.
Fabrication Process of Sloped Micro-channel Electrodes for µ-DMFC (2005)

In this paper, we discussed the fabrication of micro-channel electrodes for very small DMFC (direct methanol fuel cell), i.e., µ-DMFC, where the channels composed of a current collector and a catalyst layer. The micro-channel electrodes were fabricated on a silicon wafer with a combination of photolithography, chemical etching with potassium hydroxide, spray coating, and electrodeposition method. The catalyst layer formation of Pt and PtRu was achieved by combining pulse electrodeposition with direct current electrodeposition. From these new processes, the µ-DMFC single unit cell was able to be operated for longer time operation compared with that of prototype test cell which was already reported in the previous paper.
Mobile Robot Self-localization Based on Laser Data Registration (2008)

A self-localization method based on laser data registration for mobile robot was proposed. This method avoided the feature extraction of laser data and the corresponding of point to point. It only used the kernel density estimation of the laser data after preprocessing as the localization basis. The kernel correlation was used as the similarity measure of the adjacent laser data and the self-localization object function with the parameter of rotation-translation vector was constructed based on it. Last the object function was optimized by BFGS quasi Newton method,and the self-localization of the mobile robot was realized. Simulation experiment results demonstrate that this method is effective and can be used in any environment.
Image placement issues for ITO-based step and flash imprint lithography templates (2004)

Step and flash imprint lithography (SFIL) is an attractive, low-cost method for printing sub-100 nm geometries. The imprint process is performed at low pressures and room temperature, which minimizes magnification and distortion errors. Since SFIL is a 1× lithography technology, the template will require precise image placement in order to meet overlay specifications for multiple level device fabrication. In order to simplify the template fabrication process and facilitate post fabrication scanning-electron-microscope-based inspection, an integrated charge dissipation layer, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), is desired that is transparent to the SFIL exposure wavelength. The use of low-stress dielectric films such as SiON for the image relief layer minimizes the pattern distortions (&lt;9 nm, mean+3σ) that occur after the pattern transfer process. Although ITO uniformity was also significantly improved by switching the ITO deposition process to an MRC sputter deposition system, image placement results were adversely affected.
Learning on location with cinematic narratives (2004)

This paper describes a narrative-centered approach to learning using location-aware mobile devices, with theories of learning as the basis for a system that utilizes techniques from the cinema. Theories of learning are introduced to explain how narrative can inform learning in mobile scenarios. Location-aware technology is then described, focusing on one recent project. Last, a prototype system under development is described.
Molecular cloning and sequencing of thioesterase B cDNA and stimulation of expression of the thioesterase B gene associated with hormonal induction of peroxisome proliferation (1993)

The primary structure deduced from the cDNA of a medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA hydrolase designated thioesterase B from the uropygial gland of mallard duck was determined. A near full-length thioesterase B cDNA was isolated from a duck uropygial gland cDNA library using a 120-base pair polymerase chain reaction probe generated from first strand of cDNA and primers synthesized on the basis of two segments of the enzyme. The nucleotide sequence of this cDNA showed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 557 amino acids including a 25-amino acid leader sequence. It showed little homology to the thioesterase domain of fatty acid synthase and S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, but showed homology to some esterases such as carboxylesterases. Northern blot showed one major transcript at 2.4 kilobases. The highest level of this transcript was in the uropygial gland, much less in the liver and kidney, and not detectable in other organs. Elevation of thioesterase B transcript level was associated with peroxisome proliferation occurring in the mating season and the increase in transcript level correlated with peroxisome proliferation and synthesis of 3-hydroxyfatty acid diester pheromones resulting from estradiol treatment. This thioesterase may be associated with peroxisome proliferation or peroxisomal metabolism.
Crystal structure of the S100A4–nonmuscle myosin IIA tail fragment complex reveals an asymmetric target binding mechanism (2012)

S100A4 is a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins that is directly involved in tumor metastasis. It binds to the nonmuscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) tail near the assembly competence domain (ACD) promoting filament disassembly, which could be associated with increasing metastatic potential of tumor cells. Here, we investigate the mechanism of S100A4-NMIIA interaction based on binding studies and the crystal structure of S100A4 in complex with a 45-residue-long myosin heavy chain fragment. Interestingly, we also find that S100A4 binds as strongly to a homologous heavy chain fragment of nonmuscle myosin IIC as to NMIIA. The structure of the S100A4-NMIIA complex reveals a unique mode of interaction in the S100 family: A single, predominantly α-helical myosin chain is wrapped around the Ca(2+)-bound S100A4 dimer occupying both hydrophobic binding pockets. Thermal denaturation experiments of coiled-coil forming NMIIA fragments indicate that the coiled-coil partially unwinds upon S100A4 binding. Based on these results, we propose a model for NMIIA filament disassembly: Part of the random coil tailpiece and the C-terminal residues of the coiled-coil are wrapped around an S100A4 dimer disrupting the ACD and resulting in filament dissociation. The description of the complex will facilitate the design of specific drugs that interfere with the S100A4-NMIIA interaction.
Counterflow Pipelining: Architectural Support for Preemption in Asynchronous Systems using Anti-Tokens (2006)

This paper introduces a novel approach to efficiently implement several useful architectural features in asynchronous application-specific ICs (ASICs). These features include speculation, preemption, and eager evaluation, which have so far only been available on CPUs, and have not been adequately investigated for custom ASICs. For the efficient implementation of the new architectural features, a radically new approach inspired by Sproull's counterflow pipelines (1994) is proposed. The key idea is to allow special commands, called anti-tokens, to be propagated in a direction opposite to that of data, allowing certain computations to be killed before they are completed, if their results are no longer required. The net impact is a significant improvement in the throughput of a certain class of systems - e.g., those involving conditional computation - where a bottleneck pipeline stage can often be preempted if its result is determined to be no longer needed. Experimental results indicate that our approach can improve the system throughput by a factor of up to 2.2times, along with an energy savings of up to 27%
Antaeus of Africa (1973)

In standard reference books and dictionaries on Greek mythology1 the entry under invariably contains the following basic information; Antaeus was an African giant, son of Poseidon and Earth, who lived in Libya and was in the habit of challenging visitors to a wrestling match in which he relied on his invincibility derived from the power of renewing his strength through contact with Earth, his mother, to destroy his opponents. He used their skulls to ornament the frieze of a temple to Poseidon. He was finally destroyed by Heracles, who lifted him into the air and crushed him to death in his arms.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Human Cells and Tissue: Detection of Disease (2002)

An objective method for the analysis of tissue section is described that uses the chemical composition of the tissue, rather than cell morphology, as an indicator for the state of health of the cells in the tissue. The chemical composition of cells and tissue, and small variations therein, are determined by an objective, quantitative spectral measurement carried out in the infrared spectral region. This method does not utilize any stains or chemical treatment of the sample, but uses an inherent optical property of all materials. The spectral information is converted to false color images by unsupervised mathematical methods. The false color maps reveal the same anatomical features of the tissue that can be confirmed using a variety of common histopathological procedures, and may be used to differentiate between normal and diseased areas of the tissue.
Influence of human haptoglobin polymorphism on oxidative stress induced by free hemoglobin on red blood cells (2006)

Abstract
The Cellular Clearance Theory Does Not Explain the Post-dialytic Small Molecule Rebound (1998)

The two-pool cellular clearance model is compatible with urea kinetics, but not creatinine or phosphate. It is therefore unlikely that it is the correct model for small molecule kinetics. The post-dialytic solute rebound may be partly an iatrogenic phenomenon and can be reduced by preventing post-dialytic hypotension and by calcium antagonist treatment, both of which improve regional blood flow. The size of the rebound cannot be predicted by intra-dialytic blood sampling.
Volume Phase Transition in Interpenetrating Networks of Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) with Gelatin (2000)

Fully interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of gelatin and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) are synthesized. The IPNs exhibit volume phase transition in aqueous medium and re-entrant type behavior in mixed solvent systems similar to pure PNIPA hydrogels. Neither the hydrophilic ambience of the gelatin network nor the additional topological constraints imposed by the IPN morphology restrain the characteristic features of PNIPA suggesting short-range interactions are responsible for the volume phase transition (VPT) phenomenon. Thus it could very well be that the conditions of the planarity of the amide group together with the directionality of the H bonds with the solvent decide the phenomenon of lower critical solution temperature (LCST)/VPT in PNIPA polymers.
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)–induced thromboxane A2generation in human platelets requires coordinated signaling through integrin αIIbβ3 and ADP receptors (2002)

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a platelet agonist that causes platelet shape change and aggregation as well as generation of thromboxane A(2), another platelet agonist, through its effects on P2Y1, P2Y12, and P2X1 receptors. It is now reported that both 2-propylthio-D-beta gamma-dichloromethylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate (AR-C67085), a P2Y12 receptor-selective antagonist, and adenosine-2'-phosphate-5'-phosphate (A2P5P), a P2Y1 receptor-selective antagonist, inhibited ADP-induced thromboxane A(2) generation in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that coactivation of the P2Y12 and P2Y1 receptors is essential for this event. SC49992, a fibrinogen receptor antagonist, blocked ADP-induced platelet aggregation and thromboxane A(2) production in a concentration-dependent manner. Similarly, P2 receptor antagonists or SC49992 blocked ADP-induced arachidonic acid liberation. Whereas SC49992 blocked arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, it failed to inhibit thromboxane A(2) generation induced by arachidonic acid. Thus, ADP-induced arachidonic acid liberation, but not subsequent conversion to thromboxane A(2), requires outside-in signaling through the fibrinogen receptor. The Fab fragment of ligand-induced binding site-6 (LIBS6) antibody, which induces a fibrinogen-binding site on the integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3), caused both platelet aggregation and thromboxane A(2) generation. Inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Syk, Src kinases, or protein tyrosine phosphatases inhibited platelet aggregation but not thromboxane A(2) generation, indicating that these signaling molecules have no significant role in phospholipase A(2) activation. In the presence of P2 receptor antagonists A2P5P or AR-C67085, LIBS6 failed to generate thromboxane A(2), suggesting that inside-out signaling through ADP receptors is necessary for this event. It was concluded that both outside-in signaling from the fibrinogen receptor and inside-out signaling from the P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors are necessary for phospholipase A(2) activation, resulting in arachidonic acid liberation and thromboxane A(2) generation.
On the Viterbi decoding algorithm (1969)

A new interpretation of the Viterbi decoding algorithm based on the state-space approach to dyamical systems is presented. In this interpretation the optimum decoder solves a generalized regulator control problem by dynamic programming techniques.
Using Tiptiming and Strain Gauge Data for the Estimation of Consumed Life in a Compressor Blisk Subjected to Stall-Induced Loading (2014)

Using tip timing technology to record blade vibratory behavior has grown to become an industry standard over the past decade. Typically, the technology gets used during engine prototype testing to verify safe operation of the blades and thus the engine through synchronous and non-synchronous excitation events. Another common application is blade health monitoring, where the technique is used to detect deviations in natural frequencies and/or amplitudes compared to the virgin state. In both cases, acquired response data are used to establish that blade stresses remain below the high cycle fatigue limit. More rarely is tip timing data used as basis for remaining life estimation. As an example of how tip timing technology can be used beyond traditional resonance clearance for new blade designs, this paper presents an assessment of the fatigue damage incurred to a transonic compressor rotor subjected to stall-induced dynamic loading. The compressor rotor in question is equipped with tip timing, as well as strain gauges for a limited set of airfoils. The dynamic loads at stall are non-synchronous and highly erratic in nature, leading to quasi-static response of multiple modes. To facilitate a conceptually straightforward time domain finite life fatigue analysis, different strategies are employed to reconstruct the stress-time signal from tip timing data. This in turn allows for quantification of accumulated damage cycles, which is here done through simplified and traditional rainflow counting techniques. Additionally, a non-standard way of processing of tip timing data was employed to overcome one of tip timing method drawbacks — frequency aliasing. As an approach the nonuniform Fourier transform was applied to the same data sets. The results obtained are thoroughly evaluated and compared with strain gauges results highlighting the benefits and limitations of the respective approaches for highly complex stress-time histories such as stall events.
Studies of ZnTe back contacts to CdS/CdTe solar cells (2002)

Ongoing research topics in CdS/CdTe photovoltaic (PV) device technology include development of a back contact demonstrating low resistance and stability, while using processes consistent with large-area manufacturing. In efforts toward this goal, the authors have a sequence of dry, high-temperature processes to provide this contact. The process eliminates the need for chemical etching, and is performed at /spl sim/300/spl deg/C to aid in contact stability and adhesion. Applying this contact process to NREL-grown CdS/CdTe device material has resulted in efficiencies >12%. Devices with efficiencies /spl sim/10% have also been produced using material supplied by Solar Cells, Inc., and by Golden Photon, Inc.
What's in a Name? Using First Names as Features for Gender Inference in Twitter (2013)

Despite significant work on the problem of inferring a Twitter user’s gender from her online content, no systematic investigation has been made into leveraging the most obvious signal of a user’s gender: first name. In this paper, we perform a thorough investigation of the link between gender and first name in English tweets. Our work makes several important contributions. The first and most central contribution is two different strategies for incorporating the user’s self-reported name into a gender classifier. We find that this yields a 20% increase in accuracy over a standard baseline classifier. These classifiers are the most accurate gender inference methods for Twitter data developed to date. In order to evaluate our classifiers, we developed a novel way of obtaining gender-labels for Twitter users that does not require analysis of the user’s profile or textual content. This is our second contribution. Our approach eliminates the troubling issue of a label being somehow derived from the same text that a classifier will use to infer the label. Finally, we built a large dataset of gender-labeled Twitter users and, crucially, have published this dataset for community use. To our knowledge, this is the first gender-labeled Twitter dataset available for researchers. Our hope is that this will provide a basis for comparison of gender inference methods.
Taillage et finition des engrenages (1984)

1 Roues cylindriques 1.1 Taillage des roues cylindriques 1.11 Taillage des fraises de forme 1.111 Fraises-disques classiques ou fraises-modules 1.112 Fraises en bout 1.113 Fraises-disques à grande productivité 1.12 Taillage par génération 1.121 Taillage par outils-crémaillère
On the Performance of Iterative Demapping and Decoding Techniques over Quasi-Static Fading Channels (2007)

In this paper, we investigate in detail the performance of iterative demapping and decoding techniques over quasi-static fading channels both with and without antenna diversity. In particular, we consider the effect on the system performance of various mapping schemes, different coding schemes, the inter- leaver size as well as space diversity. Results demonstrate that over quasi-static fading channels characterized by significant antenna diversity, mappings traditionally optimized for iterative receivers (e.g., Boronka mapping) outperform mappings more appropriate for non-iterative receivers (e.g., Gray mapping). In contrast, over quasi-static fading channels characterized by limited antenna diversity, Gray mapping always outperform Boronka mapping for all E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and all iterations. Strikingly, this situation is in sharp contrast to that in the AWGN case. We note that we can further improve the performance of non-iterative systems (e.g., Gray mapping) having limited antenna diversity by increasing the memory size and removing the interleaving.
Reactive ion etching mechanism of plasma enhanced chemically vapor deposited aluminum oxide film in CF4/O2 plasma (1995)

Aluminum oxide film prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is one of the promising candidates for an etch mask or an etch barrier material in very large scale integrated fabrication. We have investigated the reactive ion etching mechanism of the PECVD aluminum oxide films in the CF4/O2 plasma. The dependences of the aluminum oxide etch rate on the atomic fluorine concentration and the incident particle bombardment energy are studied at various etching conditions. The etch products and their depth distribution are also determined by analyzing the surface layer of the etched aluminum oxide films with Auger electron spectroscopy. The CF4/O2 plasma fluorinates the aluminum oxide surface layer through the particle bombardment activated reaction, producing etch products in the form of AlF3 or AlOXFY, which is nonvolatile but has a higher sputtering yield than aluminum oxide. The reactive ion etching of aluminum oxide proceeds by the formation and the sputter removal of the etch product. The etch rate strongly depends on the particle bombardment energy because it determines not only the formation rate but also the removal rate of the etch products. However, the atomic fluorine concentration has little effect on the etch rate because the consumption rate of fluorine radicals is so low that they are always superfluous under any experimental conditions.