gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Surface Histidyl Residues in the α-Chain to the Bohr Effect of Human Normal Adult Hemoglobin:  Roles of Global Electrostatic Effects (1997)

We have applied site-directed mutagenesis to our Escherichia coli hemoglobin expression plasmid and constructed five recombinant mutant hemoglobins (r Hbs): r Hb(alpha20His-->Gln or alpha:H20Q); r Hb(alpha:H50Q); r Hb(alpha:H72Q); r Hb(alpha:H89Q); and r Hb(alpha:H112Q). We have constructed these r Hbs to help us assess the contribution of the surface histidyl residues in the alpha-chain to the alkaline Bohr effect of human normal adult hemoglobin (Hb A). In our laboratory, we have monitored the variation of proton nuclear magnetic resonances arising from the C2 protons of the histidyl residues of Hb A as a function of pH and buffer conditions. Several of these resonances have been assigned to the individual histidyl residues on the surface of the hemoglobin molecule using naturally occurring mutant hemoglobins and chemically modified hemoglobins. In the present work, we have identified the C2 proton resonances of five surface histidyl residues of the alpha-chain, alpha20, alpha50, alpha72, alpha89, and alpha112, in both the carbonmonoxy and deoxy forms, by comparing the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of Hb A with those of the r Hbs. For the assignment of the C2 proton resonances of alpha20His and alpha112His, we have used combinations of mutations to compensate for the spectral perturbations resulting from the single mutations, which obscure the resonance assignment. On the basis of the new findings, in solvent containing 0.1 M chloride, the overall contributions from surface histidyl residues of both the alpha- and beta-chain and from other previously identified alkaline Bohr groups account for approximately 75% of the observed Bohr effect at pH 7.3 (the maximum Bohr effect under the prescribed solvent conditions). Our results show that some histidyl residues contribute to the Bohr effect and some oppose the net Bohr effect. In some cases, the addition of anions can diminish or reverse the contributions of specific histidyl residues to the overall Bohr effect. Thus, the Bohr effect, a heterotropic effect, depends on the intricate arrangement and interactions of all hydrogen and anion binding sites in the hemoglobin molecule. It is an excellent example of global electrostatic effects in proteins.
Expression profiling correlates with treatment response in women with advanced serous epithelial ovarian cancer (2006)

The majority of epithelial ovarian carcinomas are of serous subtype, with most women presenting at an advanced stage. Approximately 70% respond to initial chemotherapy but eventually relapse. We aimed to find markers of treatment response that might be suitable for routine use, using the gene expression profile of tumor tissue. Thirty one women with histologically-confirmed late-stage serous ovarian cancer were classified into 3 groups based on response to treatment (nonresponders, responders with relapse less than 12 months and responders with no relapse within 12 months). Gene expression profiles of these specimens were analyzed with respect to treatment response and survival (minimum 36 months follow-up). Patients' clinical features did not correlate with prognosis, or with specific gene expression patterns of their tumors. However women who did not respond to treatment could be distinguished from those who responded with no relapse within 12 months based on 34 gene transcripts (p < 0.02). Poor prognosis was associated with high expression of inhibitor of differentiation-2 (ID2) (p = 0.001). High expression of decorin (DCN) and ID2 together was strongly associated with reduced survival (p = 0.003), with an estimated 7-fold increased risk of dying (95% CI 1.9-29.6; 14 months survival) compared with low expression (44 months). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed both nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of ID2 in ovarian tumors. High percentage of nuclear staining was associated with poor survival, although not statistically significantly. In conclusion, elevated expression of ID2 and DCN was significantly associated with poor prognosis in a homogeneous group of ovarian cancer patients for whom survival could not be predicted from clinical factors.
Is Water an Additive in Lithium-Ion Battery (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Electrical and Electrochemical Behavior of Fluidized Bed Electrodes: II . Effective Bed Resistivities (1987)

Alternating currents were passed through fluidized beds of copper particles and zinc coated polymer particles (Sorapec particles). The sinusoidally varying potential across the bed and that across a known resistor in series with the bed were stored in a microcomputer. In the case of the copper particles the former potential showed amplitude variations thought to be due to voids ("bubbles") within the bed. These amplitude variations were dependent on bed expansion. Beds of Sorapec particles were free of these variations. Effective bed resistivities were determined and found to increase with bed expansion (rapidly in the case of copper particles).
Growth Requirements of some Thermophilic and Mesophilic Bacilli (1953)

SUMMARY: To approach reproducibility of mass cultures as sources of enzymes, the growthrequirements of two mesophils belonging to BaciUus lichenifmis and B. Circulans, and three thermophils belonging to B. liehenifomis, B. circulans and B. steurothemmphilus, were determined in metal-buffered media. The mesophilic B. lichenifmis required glycerol or glucose, also alanine, aspartate, glycine, glutamate, arginine, histidine and lysine. Cytidylic acid or guanylic acid further increased growth; adenosine was inactive. The thermophilic B. lichenifomis required forgood growth either glycerol, gluconate, or glucose, also succinate or glutamate; glutamate was replaceable by the combination of arginine + histidine + proline. In glycerol media, either dl-malate alone, or citrate plus either acetate or fumarate supported growth; neither acetate nor fumarate were effective by themselves. In the absence of intermediatesof the citric acid cycle, sodium bicarbonate or a combination of protogen + acetate allowed growth. With acetate present, protogen was replaceable by thiamine. The B. stearothmmophilus strain utilized glucose or sucrose; thiamine, biotin nicotnic acid were required. A combination of arginine + histidine + isoleucine increased growth. The carbohydrate requirement appeared absolute. The thermophilic B. circulans required glutamate or a combination of succinate + arginhe + histidine; these sufficed for moderate growth. Supplementation with glycerol, sucrose, gluconate or glucose increased growth. Further addition of acetate decreased the lag phase. For the mesophilic B. circulans, either glucose or gluconate were suitable substrates; thiamine, biotin, riboflavin, and ‘reduced sulphur’ were required.
Multiresolution probability analysis of random fields (1999)

Multiresolution wavelet methods can be used to simplify the statistical analysis of highly correlated non-Gaussian random fields. Specific illustrations are given with the use of high-resolution digital mammograms. Fields of this kind are often difficult to analyze with parametric statistical methods. The introduction of a wavelet expansion simplifies the problem and permits the parametric analysis. The raw image is decomposed, and each expansion component is analyzed separately. The analysis applies to the individual components rather than the raw field. A suitable choice of probability function for modeling the individual components follows from the degree of detail information contained in each expansion component. The method is facilitated by using a linear operator approach. This method leads to a family of probability functions suitable for the random-field modeling of mammograms. In the limiting case the family of probability functions approaches a normal distribution. Generalizations are given that suggest possible extensions to other types of digitized image.
Deep Inception-Residual Laplacian Pyramid Networks for Accurate Single Image Super-Resolution (2017)

With exploiting contextual information over large image regions in an efficient way, the deep convolutional neural network has shown an impressive performance for single image super-resolution (SR). In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional network by cascading the well-designed inception-residual blocks within the deep Laplacian pyramid framework to progressively restore the missing high-frequency details of high-resolution (HR) images. By optimizing our network structure, the trainable depth of the proposed network gains a significant improvement, which in turn improves super-resolving accuracy. With our network depth increasing, however, the saturation and degradation of training accuracy continues to be a critical problem. As regard to this, we propose an effective two-stage training strategy, in which we firstly use images downsampled from the ground-truth HR images as the optimal objective to train the inception-residual blocks in each pyramid level with an extremely high learning rate enabled by gradient clipping, and then the ground-truth HR images are used to fine-tune all the pre-trained inception-residual blocks for obtaining the final SR model. Furthermore, we present a new loss function operating in both image space and local rank space to optimize our network for exploiting the contextual information among different output components. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets validate that the proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art SR methods in terms of the objective evaluation as well as the visual quality.
The Physiological Role of Abscisic Acid in Eliciting Turion Morphogenesis (1995)

The exogenous application of hormones has led to their implication in a number of processes within the plant. However, proof of their function in vivo depends on quantitative data demonstrating that the exogenous concentration used to elicit a response leads to tissue hormone levels within the physiological range. Such proof is often lacking in many investigations. We are using abscisic acid (ABA)-induced turion formation in Spirodela polyrrhiza L. to investigate the mechanism by which a hormone can trigger a morphogenic switch. In this paper, we demonstrate that the exogenous concentration of ABA used to induce turions leads to tissue concentrations of ABA within the physiological range, as quantified by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography/gas chromatography-electron capture detection analysis. These results are consistent with ABA having a physiological role in turion formation, and they provide an estimate of the changes in endogenous ABA concentration required if environmental effectors of turion formation (e.g. nitrate deficiency, cold) act via an increased level of ABA. In addition, we show that the (+)- and (-)-enantiomers of ABA are equally effective in inducing turions. Moreover, comparison of the ABA; levels attained after treatment with (+)-, (-)-, and ([plus or minus])-ABA and their effect on turion induction and comparison of the effectiveness of ABA on turion induction under different pH regimes suggest that ABA most likely interacts with a plasmalemma-located receptor system to induce turion formation.
LES FILTRES EN EVENTAIL* (1963)

RESUME On étudie le principe de filtres séparateurs de vitesses apparentes ou filtres en éventail. L'opérateur de filtrage est déterminéà partir des caractéristiques spectrales bidimensionnelles (fréquence – nombre ?onde) de tels filtres. Les possibilités pratiques des filtres en éventail sont décrites en ce qui concerne l'amélioration du rapport signal/bruit. On évoque également les modifications éventuelles de la technique ?enregistrement sur le terrain qui pourraient être entraînées par l'utilisation systématique des filtres en éventail.
High-brightness green light-emitting diodes (1994)

II-VI heterostructures composed of ZnSe/ZnTeSe layers have been employed to develop high-brightness green light-emitting diodes operating at peak wavelengths in the pure green spectral region (508–514 nm). The brightest devices produce 792 µW (10 mA, 4 V) peaked at 510 nm. This corresponds to an external efficiency of 2% and a luminous performance of 8.0 lumen/W.
Autoxidation of 1-(tert-butylthio)-2-propylisoindole (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAutoxidation of 1-(tert-butylthio)-2-propylisoindoleJ. F. Stobaugh, A. J. Repta, and L. A. SternsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 22, 4306–4309Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00196a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00196a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views417Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Exploration of temperature effects on the far-field acoustic radiation from a supersonic jet (2014)

Jet engines designed for high-speed aircraft commonly include C-D nozzles to obtain supersonic speeds. The radiated noise from the jet exhaust reaches acoustic levels which may cause hearing damage to the pilot and the air-field personnel even though state of the art noise protection such as noise-canceling ear muffs are employed. It is therefore extremely important to keep the noise levels as low as possible. Understanding the noise generation mechanism is of great importance in order to reduce strength of the noise sources. Typical far-field noise spectral characteristics from the supersonic jet exhaust consist of turbulent mixing noise and shock-associated noise. Another noise component named'crackle' is radiated from the jet under certain circumstances. Although it does not appear in the noise spectra due to its characteristics, its rasping character is perceived as a dominant annoyance factor by the human ear. Since it does not appear in the spectrum other measures are needed to identify the existence of'crackle'. Statistical tools like Skewness and Kurtosis applied to the far- and near-field pressure signals and the time derivate of the pressure signal have been shown in literature to be useful for identification of'crackle' events. In this paper the near-field and far-field acoustic radiation from a supersonic jet is analyzed using LES with a code developed at Chalmers University of Technology. The code has previously shown to accurately capture far-field noise spectra of supersonic jets under a variety of moderately cool jet conditions. In the present study we move towards more realistic high-speed aircraft conditions with higher jet exhaust temperatures. The nozzle is operated at slightly underexpanded conditions (NPR = 4.0) and three different stagnation temperature ratios NTR = 1.0, NTR = 2.0 and NTR = 3.0. The LES results are compared with experiments conducted at the Gas Dynamics and Propulsion Laboratory at the University of Cincinnati.
Heterogenization of alkene epoxidation catalysts (2003)

This account describes our efforts to heterogenize epoxidation catalysts. Anchored and sol-gel entrapped molybdenum were shown to be very selective, but had a strongly reduced activity. On the other hand, molybdenum silicates were very active and stable as long as no diols were present in the reaction mixture. Heterogenized rhenium catalysts were less active but allowed the use of anhydrous hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. However, the high cost and difficult regeneration prevents the industrial use of these catalysts. During these investigations, we found that alumina alone is active in the epoxidation with anhydrous hydrogen peroxide, giving good conversions to epoxides with high selectivity. More research is needed in order to clarify the nature of the hydroxyl groups responsible for its catalytic activity and thus to produce an appropriate material which would allow the obtention of epoxides with high selectivity under industrial conditions.
Implicit Kernel Learning (2019)

Kernels are powerful and versatile tools in machine learning and statistics. Although the notion of universal kernels and characteristic kernels has been studied, kernel selection still greatly influences the empirical performance. While learning the kernel in a data driven way has been investigated, in this paper we explore learning the spectral distribution of kernel via implicit generative models parametrized by deep neural networks. We called our method Implicit Kernel Learning (IKL). The proposed framework is simple to train and inference is performed via sampling random Fourier features. We investigate two applications of the proposed IKL as examples, including generative adversarial networks with MMD (MMD GAN) and standard supervised learning. Empirically, MMD GAN with IKL outperforms vanilla predefined kernels on both image and text generation benchmarks; using IKL with Random Kitchen Sinks also leads to substantial improvement over existing state-of-the-art kernel learning algorithms on popular supervised learning benchmarks. Theory and conditions for using IKL in both applications are also studied as well as connections to previous state-of-the-art methods.
Correction: Gao, Y., et al. Application of NSGA-II and Improved Risk Decision Method for Integrated Water Resources Management of Malian River Basin. Water 2019, 11, 1650 (2020)

In the published article [1], the authors realized some errors in the second affiliation and thus wish to make the revisions as below: Change the Affiliation 2 “Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China” to “University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China” [...]
Rank based fingerprinting algorithm for indoor positioning (2011)

A novel Received Signal Strength (RSS) rank based fingerprinting algorithm for indoor positioning is presented. Because RSS rank is invariant to bias and scaling, the algorithm provides the same accuracy for any receiver device, without the need for RSS calibration. Similarity measures to compare ranked vectors are introduced and their impact on positioning accuracy is investigated in experiments. Experimental results shown that proposed algorithm can achieve better accuracy than commonly used NN and WKNN fingerprinting algorithms.
Carbon-doped base AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs grown by MOCVD using TMAs (1989)

AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs with carbon-doped bases are grown by conventional low-pressure MOCVD using trimethylarsine as the carbon source for the first time. The obtained current gain values of 100 for 5×1018cm−3 base doping and 40 for 1×1019cm−3 base doping reveal the feasibility of trimethylarsine as a p-type dopant source for MOCVD growth
Functional, RF‐Trilayer Sensors for Tooth‐Mounted, Wireless Monitoring of the Oral Cavity and Food Consumption (2018)

Abstract Wearable devices have emerged as powerful tools for personalized healthcare in spite of some challenges that limit their widespread applicability as continuous monitors of physiological information. Here, a materials‐based strategy to add utility to traditional dielectric sensors by developing a conformal radiofrequency (RF) construct composed of an active layer encapsulated between two reverse‐facing split ring resonators is applied. These small (down to 2 mm × 2 mm) passive dielectric sensors possess enhanced sensitivity and can be further augmented by functionalization of this interlayer material. Demonstrator devices are shown where the interlayer is: (i) a porous silk film, and (ii) a modified PNIPAM hydrogel that swells with pH or temperature. In vivo use is demonstrated by adhesion of the device on tooth enamel to detect foods during human ingestion. Such sensors can be easily multiplexed and yield data‐rich temporal information during the diffusion of analytes within the trilayer structure. This format could be extended to a suite of interlayer materials for sensing devices of added use and specificity.
Arginine physiology and its implication for wound healing (2003)

Arginine is a basic amino acid that plays several pivotal roles in cellular physiology. Like any amino acid, it is involved with protein synthesis, but it is also intimately involved with cell signaling through the production of nitric oxide and cell proliferation through its metabolism to ornithine and the other polyamines. Because of these multiple functions, arginine is an essential substrate for wound healing processes. Numerous studies have shown that arginine supplementation can lead to normalization or improvement of healing. This article reviews the basic biochemistry and cell signaling within which arginine performs its functions. In particular, the requirement for this amino acid in tissue repair is highlighted.
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition Delays DNA Repair and Promotes Senescence After Tumor Irradiation (2017)

Despite significant advances in combinations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, altered fractionation schedules and image-guided radiotherapy, many cancer patients fail to benefit from radiation. A prevailing hypothesis is that targeting repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB) can enhance radiation effects in the tumor and overcome therapeutic resistance without incurring off-target toxicities. Unrepaired DSBs can block cancer cell proliferation, promote cancer cell death, and induce cellular senescence. Given the slow progress to date translating novel DSB repair inhibitors as radiosensitizers, we have explored drug repurposing, a proven route to improving speed, costs, and success rates of drug development. In a prior screen where we tracked resolution of ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF) as a proxy for DSB repair, we had identified pitavastatin (Livalo), an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor commonly used for lipid lowering, as a candidate radiosensitizer. Here, we report that pitavastatin and other lipophilic statins are potent inhibitors of DSB repair in breast and melanoma models both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> When combined with ionizing radiation, pitavastatin increased persistent DSBs, induced senescence, and enhanced acute effects of radiation on radioresistant melanoma tumors. shRNA knockdown implicated HMG-CoA reductase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, and protein farnesyl transferase in IRIF resolution, DSB repair, and senescence. These data confirm on-target activity of statins, although via inhibition of protein prenylation rather than cholesterol biosynthesis. In light of prior studies demonstrating enhanced efficacy of radiotherapy in patients taking statins, this work argues for clinical evaluation of lipophilic statins as nontoxic radiosensitizers to enhance the benefits of image-guided radiotherapy. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 407-18. ©2017 AACR</i><b>See all articles in this <i>MCT Focus</i> section, "Developmental Therapeutics in Radiation Oncology."</b>
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICAL STUDIES PART 30, STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF D‐RIBOSE FROM L‐GLUTAMIC ACID (1975)

Abstract Der aus L‐Glutaminsäure (I) durch Desaminierung (gleichzeitige Lactonringbildung) und Veresterung erhältliche Ester (IIa) ‐wird zum Alkohol (IIb) reduziert, dessen Be zyläther (IIc) in einer Claisen‐Kondensation die Verbindung (IV) liefert.