gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solvate Structures and Computational/Spectroscopic Characterization of LiBF<sub>4</sub> Electrolytes (2014)

Crystal structures have been determined for both LiBF4 and HBF4 solvates: (acetonitrile)2:LiBF4, (ethylene glycol diethyl ether)1:LiBF4, (diethylene glycol diethyl ether)1:LiBF4, (tetrahydrofuran)1:LiBF4, (methyl methoxyacetate)1:LiBF4, (succinonitrile)1:LiBF4, (N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine)1:HBF4, (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine)3/2:HBF4, and (phenanthroline)2:HBF4. These, as well as other known LiBF4 solvate structures, have been characterized by Raman vibrational spectroscopy to unambiguously assign the anion Raman band positions to specific forms of BF4–···Li+ cation coordination. In addition, complementary DFT calculations of BF4–···Li+ cation complexes have provided additional insight into the challenges associated with accurately interpreting the anion interactions from experimental Raman spectra. This information provides a crucial tool for the characterization of the ionic association interactions within electrolytes.
Preliminary investigative studies with PDT in dermatologic and plastic surgery (1985)

PDT has been shown to be of value in inoperable basal and squamous skin cancers and in cutaneous metastases. Azone, a new investigative vehicle for HpD, is of value more for intralesional injections than for topical applications in tumors, except perhaps for superficial mucous membrane lesions. The more flexible gold head vapor is of definite value in the PDT program. For test models for PDT studies in dermatology and plastic surgery with HpD and other fluorochromes, single thickened resistant plaques of psoriasis and the common baso squamous acanthoma (seborrheic warty growth) have been used. In all these studies, adequate controls are necessary.
Microbial Invasion of the Amniotic Cavity in Premature Rupture of Membranes (1991)

ROMERO, ROBERTO MD; GHIDINI, ALESSANDRO MD; MAZOR, MOSHE MD; BEHNKE, ERNESTO MD Author Information
pH and Multidrug Resistance (2001)

Most chemotherapeutic drugs in use today are hydrophobic small molecules that are also typically either weakly basic, weakly acidic or charged. Thus, changes in the electrochemical parameters of tumour cell membranes have important effects on their transmembranous diffusion and cellular retention. Changes in these parameters can also modulate the function of immunological agents, and affect the signal transduction associated with induction of apoptosis. For these reasons, it is logical to propose that many (if not most) of the characteristics of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumour cells could be due to perturbations in cellular ion transport. Indeed, many reports of altered ion transport in MDR cells can be found in the literature. Moreover, many studies suggest that P glycoprotein (Pgp) overexpression confers this altered ion transport, however, detailed physical-chemical analysis of this phenomenon has been confused by the complexity of the model systems devised to study Pgp. To help resolve this confusion, our laboratory has focused on a detailed characterization of 'pure' and stable Pgp transfectants unadulterated by the complications of chemotherapeutic drug exposure, various yeast strains and yeast vesicle preparations, and purified, reconstituted Pgp preparations. Recent data obtained with these model systems are summarized in this paper.
Deblending by iterative orthogonalization and seislet thresholding (2015)

Summary It has been shown previously that blended simultaneoussource data can be successfully separated using an iterative seislet thresholding algorithm. I combine the iterative seislet thresholding with the recently proposed local signal-and-noise orthogonalization via the shaping regularization framework. During the initial iterations, the deblended data and its blending noise section are not orthogonal to each other, indicating that the noise section contains significant coherent useful energy. Although the leakage of useful energy can be retrieved by updating the deblended data from the data misfit during many iterations, I propose to accelerate the retrieval of the leakage energy using iterative orthogonalziation. Simulated synthetic and field data examples show superior performance of the proposed approach.
The Transverse-Field Silicon Detector (1970)

It has been our experience during the past few years that LiD silicon detectors can be produced with depths up to not more than 7mm on a production basis and up to about double this depth as a laboratory project. With the installation of several machines producing protons of energies in excess of 50MeV, standard SiLiD detectors with depths to 5mm became unable to provide energy-linear signals for many experiments. Further, deeper detectors present problems due to their higher voltages of operation and to the long transit time for carriers produced by the ionizing radiation. This paper describes a new form of LiD silicon detector which combines the advantages of large sensitive depth (25mm), thin window (less than 0.5 micron) and rapid sweep-out (less than 50nS). Construction details are given. The device is arranged so that the direction of field produced by detector bias is at right angles to the line of flight of experimental particles. A protected thin wind. ow is obtained by a silicon oxide process; active areas up to 200mm2 are achieved by use of two wafers, produced by the diffused-contact process, and placed face-to-face. Resolutions for medium energy protons have now been achieved of small fractions of one per cent. The device gives total energy measurements on alphas up to 20nMeV, protons to 80MeV. The paper describes the significant process details together with some parameter measurements.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FOR BLADDER CANCER DIAGNOSIS: FROM ANIMAL STUDY TO CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS (2008)

This paper summarizes the recent technological development in our lab on cystoscopic optical coherence tomography (COCT) by integrating time-domain OCT (TDOCT) and spectral-domain OCT (SDOCT) with advanced MEMS-mirror technology for endoscopic laser scanning imaging. The COCT catheter can be integrated into the instrument channel of a commercial 22Fr rigid cystoscopic sheath for in vivo imaging of human bladder under the cystosocopic visual guidance; the axial/transverse resolutions of the COCT catheter are roughly 9 μm and 12 μm, respectively, and 2D COCT imaging can be performed with over 110dB dynamic range at 4–8 fps. To examine the utility and potential limitations of OCT for bladder cancer diagnosis, systemic ex vivo rat bladder carcinogenesis studies were performed to follow various morphological changes induced by tumor growth and in vivo porcine study was performed to examine the feasibility of COCT for in vivo imaging. Justified by promising results of the animal studies, preliminary clinical study was conducted on patients scheduled for operating-room cystoscopy for bladder cancers. Double-blind clinical results reveal that COCT can delineate detailed bladder architectures (e.g., urothelium, lamina propria, muscularis) at high resolution and detect bladder cancers based on enhanced urothelial heterogeneity as a result of excessive growing nature of bladder cancers. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity can be enhanced to 92% and 85%, respectively. Results also suggest that due to reduced imaging depth of COCT in cancerous lesions, staging of bladder cancers may be limited to Ta or T1 for non-outgrowing cancerous lesions.
pCOMPATS: Period-Compatible Task Allocation and Splitting on Multi-core Processors (2012)

Extensive research is underway to build chips with potentially hundreds of cores. In this paper, we consider the problem of scheduling periodic real-time tasks on multi-core processors. We develop a task partitioning algorithm called Period-Compatible-Allocation and Task-Splitting (pCOMPATS) for fixed-priority scheduling of preemptive hard real-time tasks where the utilization of each of the tasks is less than 50%. pCOMPATS clusters compatible tasks together with task splitting to improve the achievable utilization. We show that as the number of cores increases, the least upper bound on schedulable utilization achieved using pCOMPATS approaches 100% per core. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result that shows that the utilization bound improves as the number of processing cores in the system increases. We refer to tasks having utilization greater than or equal to 50% as heavy tasks and provide a task-partitioning algorithm called pCOMPATS-HT for allocating such tasks. We show that the upper bound on schedulable utilization when tasks are scheduled using pCOMPATS-HT is at most 72%. We also evaluate the performance of pCOMPATS and other well-known partitioning techniques, and show that using pCOMPATS provides much better schedulable utilization in the average case. We characterize the overhead of pCOMPATS using measurements on an Intel Core i7 processor running Linux/RK. The overheads are seen to be low on the platform, making pCOMPATS to be practical. Our results are especially useful in the context of future many-core processors with dozens to hundreds of cores per processor.
Influence of Geometric Features on the Performance of Pressure-Swirl Atomizers (1990)

The spray characteristics of several different simplex pressure-swirl nozzles are examined using water as the working fluid. Measurements of mean drop size, dropsize distribution, effective spray cone angle, and circumferential liquid distribution are carried out over wide ranges of injection pressure. Eight different nozzles are employed in order to achieve a wide variation in the length/diameter ratio of the final discharge orifice. Generally, it is found that an increase in discharge orifice length/diameter ratio (lo/do) increases the mean drop size in the spray and reduces the spray cone angle. The circumferential liquid distribution is most uniform when lo/do=2. If lo/do is raised above or lowered below this optimum value, the circumferential uniformity of the liquid distribution is impaired. The observed effects of lo/do on spray characteristics are generally the same regardless of whether the change in lo/do is accomplished by varying lo or do.
Synthese von 2‐Methyl‐4<i>H</i>‐1,3‐benzoxazin‐4‐onen und analogen Verbindungen (1985)

Synthesis of 2‐Methyl‐4 H ‐1,3‐benzoxazin‐4‐ones and Related Compounds 4 H ‐1,3‐benzoxazin‐4‐ones 2 are smoothly prepared via (acylimino)phosphoranes 1 by intramolecular condensation analogous to a Wittig reaction. Tert. phosphanes are used for the preparation of the (acylimino)phosphoranes 1 which are converted into the corresponding benzoxazines and tert. phosphane oxides, e.g. 2‐methyl‐4 H ‐1,3‐benzoxazin‐4‐one ( 2a ) which, in spite of some attempts, has not been obtained before.
High-Accuracy Differential Positioning for Satellite-Based Systems Without Using Code-Phase Measurements<sup>1</sup> (1995)

A novel, high-accuracy differential positioning technique for satellite-based systems is presented. The technique does not require the use of code-phase measurements. Integrated Doppler double difference () processing is used to converge the three-dimensional position of a dynamic user to within 1 m of the true position after 1–2 min. Key elements of the method are a very accurate propagation of the user position in combination with an iterative double difference processing scheme. The feasibility of the processing technique is demonstrated using both a computer simulation and actual flight test data. The technique requires measurements from seven or more satellites to achieve the short initialization time for dynamic users. This requirement can be satisfied with high availability by using all satellites from which the carrier phase can be tracked, in combination with a small reference station network that performs orbit determination for all satellites used in the position solution. Some applications and benefits of the processing technique are discussed as well.
Solar power battery charger with a parallel-load resonant converter (2011)

Although fossil fuels have led us to economic prosperity, the extensive use has caused a substantial reduction of fossil fuels. Therefore, the solar energy, as one of the green energy resources, has become an important alternative for the future. In this paper, the parallel loaded resonant converter with the feature of the soft switching technique was used in the circuits of the solar storage battery charger. To avoid the damage of the battery charger due to the variation of the output current of the solar PV panels, a closed-loop boost converter between the solar PV panel and the battery charger was designed to stabilize the output current of the solar PV panel. By designing the characteristic impedance of the resonant tank, the charging current of the storage battery can be calculated and then the charging time for the storage battery can further be estimated. By properly designing the circuit parameters, the parallel loaded resonant converter can be operated in the continuous current conduction mode and the switch can be switched for conduction at zero voltage. The experimental results verified the correctness of the theoretic estimation for the proposed battery charger circuit. The average charging efficiency of the battery charger can be up to 88.7%.
Human intestinal spirochetes are distinct from Serpulina hyodysenteriae (1993)

Twenty-nine intestinal spirochetes isolated from Australian aboriginal children and six strains from Italian adults (HRM1, -2, -4, -5, -7, and -14) were genetically examined at 15 enzyme loci by using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. Results were compared with those previously obtained for 188 porcine intestinal spirochetes. DNA from human strain HRM7 and porcine strain Serpulina hyodysenteriae P18A were also radioactively labeled and hybridized with DNA from 12 other human and porcine intestinal spirochetes. Both the multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and hybridization techniques demonstrated that the human spirochetes were not S. hyodysenteriae. They belonged to another distinct genetic group of spirochetes that included P43/6/78, the bacterium recovered from the first recorded case of porcine intestinal spirochetosis. Bacteria in this distinct group also differed from Serpulina spp. in possessing only four, five, or occasionally six axial filaments, being slightly thinner, and having more pointed ends. These findings add further weight to the possibility that human intestinal spirochetes may act as enteric pathogens.
Obstacle Avoidance in Multi-Robot Systems, Experiments in Parallel Genetic Algorithms (1998)

Netrin-1 can be detected in urine from diabetic and hypertensive rats and may serve as a useful early diagnostic biomarker for development of CKD.
Pricing the Internet (1993)

This paper was prepared for the conference &quot;Public Access to the Internet,&quot; JFK School of Government, May 26--27, 1993. We describe the technology and cost structure of the NSFNET backbone of the Internet, and discuss how one might price Internet access and use. We argue that usage-based pricing is likely to be necessary to control congestion on the Internet and propose a particular implementating of usage-based pricing using a &quot;smart market&quot;.
Critical analysis of current Microalgae dewatering techniques (2013)

Oil-accumulating Microalgae have the potential to enable large-scale biodiesel production without competing for arable land or biodiverse natural landscapes. However, Microalgae harvesting/dewatering is a major obstruction to industrial-scale processing for biofuel production. The dilute nature of Microalgae in cultivation creates high operational costs for harvesting, thus making microalgal fuel less economical. Within the last decade, significant advances have been made to develop new technologies for dewatering or harvesting of Microalgae. The choice of which harvesting technique to apply depends on the Microalgae cell size and the desired product. Microalgae dewatering processes can broadly be classified as primary and secondary dewatering. This article provides an overview of current dewatering techniques along with a critical analysis of costs and efficiencies, and provides recommendations towards cost-effective dewatering.
Arrestin-3 Binds c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 1 (JNK1) and JNK2 and Facilitates the Activation of These Ubiquitous JNK Isoforms in Cells via Scaffolding (2013)

Non-visual arrestins scaffold mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are members of MAPK family. Arrestin-3 has been shown to enhance the activation of JNK3, which is expressed mainly in neurons, heart, and testes, in contrast to ubiquitous JNK1 and JNK2. Although all JNKs are activated by MKK4 and MKK7, both of which bind arrestin-3, the ability of arrestin-3 to facilitate the activation of JNK1 and JNK2 has never been reported. Using purified proteins we found that arrestin-3 directly binds JNK1α1 and JNK2α2, interacting with the latter comparably to JNK3α2. Phosphorylation of purified JNK1α1 and JNK2α2 by MKK4 or MKK7 is increased by arrestin-3. Endogenous arrestin-3 interacted with endogenous JNK1/2 in different cell types. Arrestin-3 also enhanced phosphorylation of endogenous JNK1/2 in intact cells upon expression of upstream kinases ASK1, MKK4, or MKK7. We observed a biphasic effect of arrestin-3 concentrations on phosphorylation of JNK1α1 and JNK2α2 both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, arrestin-3 acts as a scaffold, facilitating JNK1α1 and JNK2α2 phosphorylation by MKK4 and MKK7 via bringing JNKs and their activators together. The data suggest that arrestin-3 modulates the activity of ubiquitous JNK1 and JNK2 in non-neuronal cells, impacting the signaling pathway that regulates their proliferation and survival.
Graphene fixed-end beam arrays based on mechanical exfoliation (2011)

A low-cost mechanical exfoliation method is presented to transfer graphite to graphene for free-standing beam arrays. Nickel film or photoresist is used to peel off and transfer patterned single-layer or multilayer graphene onto substrates with macroscopic continuity. Free-standing graphene beam arrays are fabricated on both silicon and polymer substrates. Their mechanical properties are studied by atomic force microscopy. Finally, a graphene based radio frequency switch is demonstrated, with its pull-in voltage and graphene-silicon junction investigated.
Statistical Design and Analysis of Shape Studies (1971)

A method for characterizing the geometrical appearance of two‐dimensional objects and those three‐dimensional objects which can be represented by a figure in two dimensions is presented. These objects can be reasonably described using the length measured along the longest axis and p diameters (width) along the length axis. Two objects, measured in this way, will be similar in shape if the diameter‐to‐length ratios are equal at all positions. Analysis of variance of these ratios is used to test the significance of experimental treatment effects on the shape of such objects. A numerical example is presented to illustrate these procedures of design, analysis and interpretation.
Kinetics of Photoinduced RNA Refolding by Real‐Time NMR Spectroscopy (2005)

By introducing a photolabile group in the Watson–Crick base-pairing site of a guanosine residue, a bistable 20-base RNA sequence was forced into a less stable conformation. A single laser pulse released the native sequence, and the subsequent refolding equilibration was monitored with time-resolved NMR spectroscopy (see spectra). This permitted a quantitative description of the refolding process. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z462724_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Purification and Characterization of Glutamate Decarboxylase from<i>Lactobadllus bvevis</i>IFO 12005 (1997)

Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) [EC 4.1.1.15] was purified from a cell-free extract of Lactobacillus brevis IFO 12005 by chromatographies on Sephadex G-100, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, and Mono Q. About 9 mg of purified GAD was obtained from 90.2 g of wet cells. The purified preparation showed a single protein band on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weights of purified GAD by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on Superdex 200 were 60,000 and 120,000, respectively, indicating that GAD from L. brevis exists as a dimer. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified GAD was NH2-Met-Asn-Lys-Asn-Asp-Gln-Glu-Gln-Thr-. The optimum pH and temperature of GAD were at pH 4.2 and at 30 degrees C. The GAD activity was increased by the addition of sulfate ions in a dose-dependent manner. The order of effects was as follows: ammonium sulfate > sodium sulfate > magnesium sulfate, indicating that the increase of hydrophobic interaction between subunits causes the increase of GAD activity. The purified GAD reacted only with L-glutamic acid as a substrate and the K(m), kcat, and kcat/K(m) values were 9.3 mM, 6.5 S-1, and 7 x 10(2) M-1 S-1, respectively.
ALTERNATIVE ARCHITECUTRES FOR ATIS AND ATMS (1992)

This paper defines five Intelligent Vehicle/Highway Systems (IVHS) architectures. They can be defined as partial architectures, since they are focused on critical issues relating to the Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) and Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) components of IVHS. Four of the architectures can be described as full-implementation architectures, since they encompass most, if not all, of the envisioned IVHS ATMS and route selection and guidance services. The fifth, near-term architecture, is a limited system which could be widely implemented in the near future, and may provide a logical evolutionary step towards a more complete system.
Clustering web images with multi-modal features (2007)

Web image clustering has drawn significant attention in the research community recently. However, not much work has been done in using multi-modal information for clustering Web images. In this paper, we address the problem of Web image clustering by simultaneous integration of visual and textual features from a graph partitioning perspective. In particular, we modelled visual features, images, and words from the surrounding text of the images using a tripartite graph. This graph is actually considered as a fusion of two bipartite graphs that are partitioned simultaneously by the proposed Consistent Isoperimetric High-order Co-clustering(CIHC) framework. Although a similar approach has been adopted before, the main contribution of this work lies in the computational efficiency, quality in Web image clustering and scalability to large image repositories that CIHC is able to achieve. We demonstrate this through experimental results performed on real Web images.
Plantar fasciitis. Etiology, treatment, surgical results, and review of the literature. (1991)

Plantar fasciitis is a common orthopedic syndrome among athletes and nonathletes. The etiology of the pain is multifactorial but usually involves inflammation and degeneration of the plantar fascia origin. The majority of patients will respond to conservative measures. Surgical treatment is reserved for those patients who do not respond. A complete plantar fascia release is performed through a medial longitudinal incision. Prominent heel spurs and degenerated areas in the plantar fascia are resected. Of 27 surgically treated cases followed from one to three years, satisfactory results were obtained in 24 cases. Histologically, localized fibrosis or granulomatous changes or both were noted in several cases.