gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architecture for Inter-cloud Services Using IPsec VPN (2012)

Cloud computing provides computation, software, data access, and storage services that do not require end-user knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services. Cloud platform services, delivers a computing platform and/or solution stack as service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications. In future cloud computing architecture enables many cloud services to connect to each other freely. Using IPsec VPN it will increase the complexity in terms of security policies along with the evolving cloud architecture. In this paper, we discuss how we can introduce IPsec VPN in inter-cloud computing architecture.
The Permanent Strain in a Uniform Bar Due to Longitudinal Impact (1947)

Abstract A method is presented for predicting the final strained state of a long uniform bar or wire of ductile material that is subjected to a longitudinal impact of finite duration during which the impact stress is constant and exceeds the yield strength. It is shown that for a long specimen this corresponds to giving the point of impact a constant velocity during the impact interval. (After this interval the stress at the end of the member is zero, but not its particle velocity.) It is also shown that the final unit strains are greatest immediately adjacent to the impact point and are constant over a finite length of specimen. Following this region of constant residual strain is a region, also of finite length, in which the permanent strain decreases steadily with distance from the end of the specimen. At the end of this there is another zone of constant permanent strain, which is followed by one of decreasing permanent strain, and so on. It is shown that there is a definite relation between the stress history at a point of a specimen and the velocity of that point—this relation is given. It is demonstrated that in tensile impact a critical velocity of impact can be defined, corresponding to the ultimate strength of the material. At impact velocities greater than this critical velocity, rupture occurs quickly and close to the point of impact so that the remainder of the specimen does not receive large deformations. Thus the energy required to break a specimen in tension is less at supercritical than at subcritical impact velocities.
Harnessing the Power of P2P Systems for Fast Attack Signature Validation (2009)

Attack signature validation plays a key role in intrusion detection and prevention technologies. Usually, when new attacks, particularly worms, appear, security software analyzes and generates signatures for these attacks. Since inaccurate signatures may block legitimate traffic that is similar to the attack traffic (false positives), security software is reluctant to deploy new signatures without extensive testing. The testing procedure, however, can be time consuming, resulting in significant delays (hours or even days) in signature dissemination. To alleviate this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel architecture based on P2P technology for fast content signature validation. The basic idea is to collect and store recent network traffic at peers participating in the system in advance and use it to validate new signatures. Since the amount of traffic that needs to be checked against is huge, we also propose a high-performance validation algorithm over stored traffic data. Experimental results show that our proposed system can validate candidate attack signatures and determine potential false positives rates in just a few seconds.
Resiliency vs. the Coronavirus (2020)

Nature is a wild and untamed force for which we will never have all the answers, but isn’t that what makes it so special? At Pepperdine, we pride ourselves on being Waves. Waves of character, leadership, purpose, and service. Scientifically, waves can come in many different forms, whether it be a sound wave, visible light wave, or a microwave. Yet the wave that overpowers the rest is an ocean wave, the strongest force in nature. When I think of the ocean, I think of a hungry and relentless force, something with a strong foundation that can be stopped by almost nothing. When there is no swell, there is not a ripple, let alone a single wave in sight. The ocean is still, calm, and peaceful. Of course, when there is a swell, the number of waves will differ, but more importantly, the size will increase. Picture waves 80+ feet in size, weighing more than 400 tons, so heavy that the meer impact would instantly kill a human. These waves are made up of billions and billions of tiny drops of water, yet each drop makes a difference. Without all of them working together, this force would not have the ability that it has to crack rock or snap surfboards in half. This image is how Pepperdine students view our community, from the Woolsey fire and Borderline shooting a year ago, to the coronavirus today, and to whatever challenges our future may have in store for us. Throughout these different events, there has been a common theme of resiliency that is constantly being displayed. Resiliency can be defined as, “the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.” or “the ability of a substance or object to spring back into shape; elasticity.” (Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary, 1999) After what we have been through as a school, a community, and a family, we have had many opportunities to display this trait while being there for one another and lifting each other up.
Engineered three-dimensional microfluidic device for interrogating cell-cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment (2014)

Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment play a key role in the metastatic properties of a tumor. It is recognized that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and endothelial cells secrete factors capable of influencing tumor cell migration into the blood or lymphatic vessels. We developed a microfluidic device that can be used to image the interactions between stromal cells and tumor cell spheroids in a three dimensional (3D) microenvironment while enabling external control of interstitial flow at an interface, which supports endothelial cells. The apparatus couples a 200-μm channel with a semicircular well to mimic the interface of a blood vessel with the stroma, and the design allows for visualization of the interactions of interstitial flow, endothelial cells, leukocytes, and fibroblasts with the tumor cells. We observed that normal tissue-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) contribute to the "single file" pattern of migration of tumor cells from the spheroid in the 3D microenvironment. In contrast, CAFs induce a rapid dispersion of tumor cells out of the spheroid with migration into the 3D matrix. Moreover, treatment of tumor spheroid cultures with the chemokine CXCL12 mimics the effect of the CAFs, resulting in similar patterns of dispersal of the tumor cells from the spheroid. Conversely, addition of CXCL12 to co-cultures of NAFs with tumor spheroids did not mimic the effects observed with CAF co-cultures, suggesting that NAFs produce factors that stabilize the tumor spheroids to reduce their migration in response to CXCL12.
Gaseous Impurities in Co Silicidation: Impact and Solutions (2001)

With the application of a Co salicide process in deep submicrometer integrated circuits manufacturing, the potential benefit of its linewidth independent sheet resistance could be hindered due to the interaction of traces of gaseous impurities from different sources with silicide formation. In this work, we first analyze in situ the thermal desorption behavior of various dielectric and metal layers encountered in Co salicide process, by using the rapid thermal processing tool-atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry. Based on these results as well as information from the literature, the detrimental impact of gaseous impurities (mainly and has been analyzed. The key facts are that Si has a stronger chemical affinity to O than Co, and the interaction of Co and Si oxide occurs only with great difficulty. We also argue that impurities from thermal desorption can have a stronger impact to the silicidation (edge thinning effect) compared to the impurities already in the processing ambient, due to its strong and direct interaction to the adjacent Co/Si interface. The fundamental principle of a technical solution is that the process should prevent O from coming into the Co/Si interface, and/or should be capable of removing the Si oxide already there. A few solutions reported in literature, including depositing Co at elevated temperatures, Co with reactive or nonreactive capping, and the use of Co(Ti) alloys, are analyzed. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Curcuminoids and resveratrol as anti-Alzheimer agents (2012)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is by far the most common cause of dementia globally. This neurodegenerative disorder of the brain is chronic and progressive, characterized clinically by the deterioration in the key symptoms of behavioral and cognitive abilities. Treatment options for this disease currently are limited. Deposition of amyloid-β and tau hyperphosphorylation are cardinal pathologic features of AD that lead to the formation of neuronal plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, respectively. In addition to mounting research on herbal compounds for the treatment of AD, curcuminoids and resveratrol appear to be beneficial as anti-AD agents. Curcuminoids (curcumin and demethoxycurcumin) and resveratrol possess unique properties that make them especially worthy of further studies. This review article revisits and presents the current research done on the potential of the curcuminoids curcumin and demethoxycurcumin and the polyphenolic compound resveratrol as anti-AD compounds.
The Fibroblast Integrin α11β1 Is Induced in a Mechanosensitive Manner Involving Activin A and Regulates Myofibroblast Differentiation (2010)

Fibrotic tissue is characterized by an overabundance of myofibroblasts. Thus, understanding the factors that induce myofibroblast differentiation is paramount to preventing fibrotic healing. Previous studies have shown that mechanical stress derived from the integrin-mediated interaction between extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton promotes myofibroblast differentiation. Integrin alpha11beta1 is a collagen receptor on fibroblasts. To determine whether alpha11beta1 can act as a mechanosensor to promote the myofibroblast phenotype, mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human corneal fibroblasts were utilized. We found that alpha11 mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts grown in attached three-dimensional collagen gels and conversely down-regulated in cells grown in floating gels. alpha11 up-regulation could be prevented by manually detaching the collagen gels or by cytochalasin D treatment. Furthermore, SB-431542, an inhibitor of signaling via ALK4, ALK5, and ALK7, prevented the up-regulation of alpha11 and the concomitant phosphorylation of Smad3 under attached conditions. In attached gels, TGF-beta1 was secreted in its inactive form but surprisingly not further activated, thus not influencing alpha11 regulation. However, inhibition of activin A attenuated the up-regulation of alpha11. To determine the role of alpha11 in myofibroblast differentiation, human corneal fibroblasts were transfected with small interfering RNA to alpha11, which decreased alpha-smooth muscle actin expression and myofibroblast differentiation. Our data suggest that alpha11beta1 is regulated by cell/matrix stress involving activin A and Smad3 and that alpha11beta1 regulates myofibroblast differentiation.
Particle size control in emulsions of hydrocarbon soluble polymers (1991)

Abstract Hydrocarbon solutions of polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and polystyrene may be converted into emulsions. The hydrocarbon solvent may then be removed by distillation. The molecular weight of the polymer controls the particle size of its emulsion. An increase in polymer molecular weight causes an increase in the particle size of its emulsion.
N-(2-LEPIDYL) SUBSTITUTED AMINO ALCOHOLS (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-(2-LEPIDYL) SUBSTITUTED AMINO ALCOHOLSIRVING ALLAN KAYE, HERMAN HORN, and MARY VOURASCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1953, 18, 6, 664–668Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01134a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (293 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genomic instability in multiple myeloma: Evidence for jumping segmental duplications of chromosome arm 1q (2004)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder characterized by complex karyotypes and chromosome 1 instability at the cytogenetic level. Chromosome 1 instability generally involves partial duplications, whole-arm translocations, or jumping translocations of 1q, identified by G-banding. To characterize this instability further, we performed spectral karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes for satII/III (1q12), BCL9 (1q21), and IL6R (1q21) on the karyotypes of 44 patients with known 1q aberrations. In eight patients, segmental duplication of 1q12-21 and adjacent bands occurred on nonhomologous chromosomes. In five cases, the 1q first jumped to a nonhomologous chromosome, after which the 1q12-21 segment again duplicated itself 1-3 times. In three other cases, segmental duplications occurred after the 1q first jumped to a nonhomologous chromosome, where the proximal adjacent nonhomologous chromosome segment was duplicated prior to the 1q jumping or inserting itself into a new location. These cases demonstrate that satII/III DNA sequences are not only associated not only with the duplication of adjacent distal chromosome segments after translocation, but are also associated with the duplication and jumping/insertion of proximal nonhomologous chromosome segments. We have designated this type of instability as a jumping segmental duplication.
[The search for new antiparasitic agents. 9. The anthelmintic activity of halogen-containing sulfonamidobenzamides]. (1992)

The results of preclinical trials of 28 new compounds of haloid-containing sulfamidobenzamides with low toxicity are presented. The trials on a hymenolepiasis model showed that effectiveness of N-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-2/(3-nitro-4-chlorophenyl) sulfonylamino/-5-bromobenzamide was similar to that of the well-known drug niclosamide. In the trials on an opisthorchiasis model, 2 compounds were shown to be highly effective, and on a trichocephaliasis model 5 compounds showed a high activity.
FPGA-based MPEG2 decoder (2004)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a full custom, FPGA-based MPEG2 decoder. This FPGA design is attractive for its inherent In Circuit Configurability (ICR) and In Circuit programmability (ISP) capabilities. As such, this design is suitable for low cost, multi-standard, standard video decoders.
A DSRC Doppler-Based Cooperative Positioning Enhancement for Vehicular Networks With GPS Availability (2011)

Position information, as a fundamental element for many of the modern vehicle-based logistic applications, is comprehensively provided by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) such as the Global Positioning System (GPS). A variety of applications, including navigation and intelligent transpiration systems, require position data with certain accuracy. However, the shortcomings of GNSS, such as limited accuracy and availability, have been a motivation for recently emerging Cooperative Positioning (CP) methods based on vehicle–vehicle and vehicle–infrastructure communications. The majority of earlier CP methods assume the availability of distances between the participating nodes as a main parameter, using common techniques of radio ranging such as the Received Signal Strength (RSS), Time of Arrival (TOA), and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA). However, the feasibility of these radio-ranging methods in the harsh environment of vehicular networks is questionable. Avoiding the radio-ranging challenges, in this paper, a new CP method is presented to improve the GPS estimates using internode range-rates based on the Doppler shift of the carrier of Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) signals, which is the nominated medium for vehicular communication. Depending on the speed of the participating vehicles and traffic intensity, improvement of up to 48% over the GPS accuracy is achieved. Because the Doppler effect is used, relative mobility of the nodes, which is generally a challenge for radio-ranging techniques, is a requirement for the proposed method, making it a more suitable solution for vehicular applications. Addressing the viability of the proposed technique, Doppler-based range-rating is verified in practice using DSRC transceivers. One section of highway is surveyed and modeled for simulation. In addition, GPS estimates are provided by feeding GPS signals, generated by a GPS signal generator, to a real GPS receiver.
Design and Implementation of a Virtual Reality System and Its Application to Training Medical First Responders (2000)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a distributed virtual reality (VR) platform that was developed to support the training of multiple users who must perform complex tasks in which situation assessment and critical thinking are the primary components of success. The system is fully immersive and multimodal, and users are represented as tracked, full-body figures. The system supports the manipulation of virtual objects, allowing users to act upon the environment in a natural manner. The underlying intelligent simulation component creates an interactive, responsive world in which the consequences of such actions are presented within a realistic, time-critical scenario. The focus of this work has been on the training of medical emergency-response personnel. BioSimMER, an application of the system to training first responders to an act of bio-terrorism, has been implemented and is presented throughout the paper as a concrete example of how the underlying platform architecture supports complex training tasks. Finally, a preliminary field study was performed at the Texas Engineering Extension Service Fire Protection Training Division. The study focused on individual, rather than team, interaction with the system and was designed to gauge user acceptance of VR as a training tool. The results of this study are presented.
Poly(<scp>L</scp>‐lysyl‐<scp>L</scp>‐alanyl‐α‐<scp>L</scp>‐glutamic acid). II. Conformational studies (1977)

Abstract The solution characterization of poly(Lys‐Ala‐Glu) is described. This polytripeptide is zwitterionic at neutral pH and is shown to take on a conformation which is dictated by the state of ionization, molecular weight, temperature, and solvent. The polypeptide is almost entirely α‐helical at low pH and temperature for polymers of greater than 25,000 molecular weight. Melting profiles for these conditions show t m ∼ 20°C. Analysis of circular dichroism curves shows the α‐helical content to vary in a linear manner with molecular weight in the range 3000–30,000. At neutral pH the charged polypeptide is essentially random, but substantial α‐helix could be induced by addition of methanol or trifluoroethanol. At temperatures where the sequential polypeptide is a random coil, addition of trifluoroethanol produces a polymer which is mostly α‐helical but also contains an appreciable ammount of β‐structure. The infrared spectrum of a low‐molecular‐weight fraction assumed to be cyclo (Lys‐Ala‐Glu) 2 was tentatively assigned a β‐pleated sheet structure. A comparison of this polytripeptide in various ionization states with other polytripeptides containing L ‐alanine and L ‐glutamate or L ‐lysine shows the α‐helix directing properties for the (uncharged) residues to lie in the order Ala > Glu > Lys.
Timing variation aware dynamic digital phase detector for low‐latency clock domain crossing (2013)

This study presents a digital phase detector‐based approach for estimating and synchronising phase variations between clock domains. Instead of waiting for the resolution of metastability (with finite probability of failure), the authors propose a metastability avoidance algorithm, based on a sampling method for asynchronous signals. The results, using 90 nm inovation for high performance microelectronics (IHP) technology, show that the proposed design is about 1.5 times faster and provides a 35% improvement in Energy‐Delay Product compared with the state‐of‐the‐art approaches. Moreover, it completely prevents metastability failures.
Assessment of the Effect of Acidic Deposition on Canadian Lakes: Determination of Critical Loads for Sulphate Deposition (1993)

The operational definition of the “critical” load for wet SO4 deposition is that which does not increase the regional percent of lakes having pH≤6 for the portion of the population that historically had pH&gt;6. Reviews of the effects of acidic deposition on aquatic biota show that the pH=6 threshold used to determine the critical load is sufficient to protect most organisms. It is inappropriate to specify a single critical load for the whole of eastern Canada due to variability in terrain sensitivity. The Atlantic provinces and easterr Quebec generally have very low critical loads (&lt;8 kg. ha−1.yr−1). The terrain characteristics of this area dictate a critical load very close to background deposition. Lakes in southwestern Quebec and Ontario have critical loads of &lt;8 to &gt;20 kg.ha−1.yr−1 reflecting the wide range in terrain sensitivities that exist in each province.
Laser micromachining of oxygen reduced graphene-oxide films (2014)

Non-conductive graphene-oxide (GO) inks can be synthesized from inexpensive graphite powders and deposited on functionalized flexible substrates using inkjet printing technology. Once deposited, the electrical conductivity of the GO film can be restored through laser assisted thermal reduction. Unfortunately, the inkjet nozzle diameter (~40μm) places a limit on the printed feature size. In contrast, a tightly focused femtosecond pulsed laser can create precise micro features with dimensions in the order of 2 to 3 μm. The smallest feature size produced by laser microfabrication is a function of the laser beam diameter, power level, feed rate, material characteristics and spatial resolution of the micropositioning system. Laser micromachining can also remove excess GO film material adjacent to the electrode traces and passive electronic components. Excess material removal is essential for creating stable oxygen-reduced graphene-oxide (rGO) printed circuits because electron buildup along the feature edges will alter the conductivity of the non-functional film. A study on the impact of laser ablation on the GO film and the substrate are performed using a 775nm, 120fs pulsed laser. The average laser power was 25mW at a spot size of ~ 5μm, and the feed rate was 1000-1500mm/min. Several simple microtraces were fabricated and characterized in terms of electrical resistance and surface topology.