gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multipotentiality, homing properties, and pyramidal neurogenesis of CNS‐derived LeX(ssea‐1) <sup>+</sup> /CXCR4 <sup>+</sup> stem cells (2005)

Achieving efficient distribution of neural stem cells throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and robust generation of specific neurons is a major challenge for the development of cell-mediated therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. We isolated a primitive neural stem cell subset, double positive for LeX(Le) and CXCR4(CX) antigens that possesses CNS homing potential and extensive neuronal repopulating capacity. Le+CX+ cells are multipotential and can generate neurons as well as myogenic and endothelial cells. In vivo Le+CX+ cells displayed widespread incorporation and differentiated into cortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Since intravenous delivery could be a less invasive route of transplantation, we investigated whether Le+CX+ cells could migrate across endothelial monolayers. Intracerebral coadministration of SDF enabled migration of intravenously injected Le+CX+ cells into the CNS and a small, yet significant, number of donor cells differentiated into neurons. The isolation of a specific neural stem cell population could offer major advantages to neuronal replacement strategies.
Influence of Application Variables on Efficacy of Glyphosate (1997)

Field experiments were conducted from 1993 to 1995 to compare weed control by the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate at 0.21, 0.42, 0.63, and 0.84 kg ae/ha applied at three stages of weed growth. Weed control by glyphosate applied at these rates alone or with ammonium sulfate at 2.8 kg/ha was also evaluated. In other experiments, potential interactions between glyphosate and acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and 2,4-DB were evaluated. Velvetleaf, prickly sida, sicklepod, pitted morningglory, entireleaf morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, and hemp sesbania were controlled more easily when weeds had one to three leaves compared with control when weeds had four or more leaves. Glyphosate controlled redroot pigweed, velvetleaf, prickly sida, sicklepod, and barnyardgrass more effectively than pitted morningglory, entireleaf morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, or hemp sesbania. Increasing the rate of glyphosate increased control, especially when glyphosate was applied to larger weeds. Greater variation in control was noted for pitted morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, prickly sida, and velvetleaf than for redroot pigweed, sicklepod, entireleaf morningglory, or hemp sesbania. Ammonium sulfate increased prickly sida and entireleaf morningglory control but did not influence sicklepod, hemp sesbania, or barnyardgrass control. Acifluorfen applied 3 d before glyphosate or in a mixture with glyphosate reduced barnyardgrass control compared with glyphosate applied alone. Chlorimuron did not reduce efficacy. Mixtures of glyphosate and 2,4-DB controlled sicklepod, entireleaf morningglory, and barnyardgrass similar to glyphosate alone.
Hard/soft deadline assignment for high workflow throughput (2003)

Many business processes which are abstracted to workflows have time constraints such that their processing should be completed within their deadlines. New time management technologies are therefore required for high workflow throughput which can maximize the number of workflow instances satisfying their deadlines. In this paper we propose an efficient deadline assignment method and validate its usefulness with experiments. In particular, the method divides activity deadlines into two categories, namely hard and soft deadlines according to the characteristics of activities. This can improve workflow throughput.
Microwave non-contacting accelerometer for gravity wave antenna (1977)

This paper discusses the applications of an X-band superconducting re-entrant cavity to the construction of a non-contacting accelerometer for use with a high sensitivity Weber-type gravitational radiation detector. The need for a noncontacting accelerometer for use with extremely high Q antennae is discussed. Measurement of the electrical Q of the niobium re-entrant cavity at 4.2K are presented. Finally a method is described for controlling the relative positions of the antenna and the accelerometer.
A review of sulphites in foods: Analytical methodology and reported findings (1990)

Sulphites in various forms have been added to foods for centuries. Their use became an issue of concern when certain sensitive individuals exhibited adverse reactions to sulphite residues in foods. Analytical methods were developed to monitor these compounds at the regulatory limit of 10 ppm. In this report, analytical methods for determining sulphites in foods are reviewed, along with a critique of their chemistry and procedural schemes. An assessment of the key features of each method category is presented together with some comparative data. The classification scheme used is based upon the fact that determination of the sulphite content of a food is influenced more by the treatment and cleanup of the test solution than by the final determinative step. Based on a 60-year database, the Monier-Williams procedure still remains the method of choice.
Nanoscale Phase Separation in Sequence-Defined Peptoid Diblock Copolymers (2013)

Microphase-separated block copolymer materials have a wide array of potential applications ranging from nanoscale lithography to energy storage. Our understanding of the factors that govern the morphology of these systems is based on comparisons between theory and experiment. The theories generally assume that the chains are perfectly monodisperse; however, typical experimental copolymer preparations have polydispersity indices (PDIs) ranging from 1.01 to 1.10. In contrast, we present a systematic study of the relationship between chemical structure and morphology in the solid state using peptoid diblock copolymers with PDIs of ≤1.00013. A series of comb-like peptoid block copolymers, poly(N-2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethylglycine)-block-poly(N-(2-ethylhexyl)glycine) (pNte-b-pNeh), were obtained by solid-phase synthesis. The number of monomers per chain was held fixed at 36, while the volume fraction of the Nte block (ϕNte) was varied from 0.11 to 0.65. The experimentally determined order-disorder transition temperature exhibited a maximum at ϕNte = 0.24, not ϕNte = 0.5 as expected from theory. All of the ordered phases had a lamellar morphology, even in the case of ϕNte = 0.11. Our results are in qualitative disagreement with all known theories of microphase separation in block copolymers. This raises new questions about the intertwined roles of monomer architecture and polydispersity in the phase behavior of diblock copolymers.
A Simplified Procedure for Viewing Multiple Films To Create an Infinite Number of Laminagrams (1974)

The authors describe a method of obtaining an infinite number of laminagrams from 7 to 10 radiographs taken in equally-spaced linear intervals. After registration, they are viewed on a simple, inexpensive device which provides parallel, equally increasing increments of film movement.
Cotton Color Measurements by an Imaging Colorimeter (1998)

Color grade is one of the major components of the current cotton classing system. This paper presents the application of an imaging colorimeter to color measurements of the USDA standards for U.S. Upland cotton and cotton samples with a wide range of colors. Tests on the reproducibility and spatial uniformity of the color imeter's data are reported, and the results are directly compared with results from other colorimeters and human classers. Methods for creating new color grade dia grams in the CIE L*a*b* system are explained. A new concept suggests using primary and secondary color grades for cotton samples. These two grades can be determined from the L*∼b* and L*∼ a* diagrams created by the imaging color imeter. The secondary grade, using the red-green attribute, can help reduce the uncertainty of color grading when the color measurements are near a boundary between two grades in one color diagram.
The environmental stability of field emission from single-walled carbon nanotubes (1999)

We demonstrate long-term field emission stability from single-walled carbon nanotubes. Unballasted nanotubes operate without degradation for over 350 h at 10−9 Torr. Nanotubes are shown to be significantly less sensitive to operating environments than metallic emitters. In 10−7 Torr of H2O, we demonstrate 100 h of continuous bias field emission with no current degradation. Protrusion growth and current runaway, typical problems for unballasted metal emitters, are not observed with nanotubes. Single-walled nanotubes do show susceptibility to damage by oxidation. We suggest that the exceptional environmental stability of carbon nanotubes is due to a combination of geometry, strong carbon bonding, and the lack of protrusion growth.
Effective mechanisms to reduce the overhead of migratory sharing for linked-based cache coherence protocols in clustering multiprocessor architecture (2002)

Migratory-sharing data references will incur many cache misses that can be reduced by merging the invalidation/update requests and the cache misses. This paper presents effective software and hardware techniques to reduce the overhead of migratory-sharing references for the linked-based cache coherence protocols. The software scheme combines both compiler labeling and run time detection techniques. The hardware scheme uses the special access patterns in the linked-based protocoIs to detect migratory data objects. We have evaluated the performance on the linked-based program-driven simulation environment by using a set of SPLASH benchmarks. According to the simulation results, our software and hardware methods effectively enhanced the system performance up to 29% and 23% respectively by reducing the overhead of the migratory-sharing references.
Collaborative virtual environments, real-time video and networking (2002)

Two real-life workplaces, a studio and an office, are described. Both have virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality counterparts. Issues of work processes and social interaction taken from CSCW are utilised to understand the functionalities that virtual studios and offices need to provide. It is broadly concluded that different media (documents, audio, video, VR) all have different strengths and weaknesses, and each may be appropriate for different purposes in different contexts. Offices and studios are best extended into virtuality by a mix of media (mixed realities) with a VR interface. The integration of video into VR environments presents the greatest technical difficulties, and some of these are considered from the viewpoints of computational load and networking. It is concluded that an optimal solution would be to provide separate network architectures for real-time interactive VR and video.
Caption™: a filtration-based platelet concentration system (2009)

Despite significant advances, wound management remains a medical challenge and a major health-expense problem. Currently, a wide range of therapeutic interventions are available for wound care. This is only partially explained by the variability in the presenting clinical situation and shows that there is no panacea for this complex medical problem. Over time, a multitude of interventions have been proposed as solutions for faster and more effective healing; however, only a few are still part of the wound care armamentarium today. Based on the fact that platelets contain a high concentration of growth factors, the application of platelet-enriched plasma over wound sites was recently introduced as a novel therapeutic modality. As increasing evidence started to validate its benefit, several devices for platelet-rich plasma preparation became available. Here, we present the most recently introduced platelet concentration system and provide insights on the current and possible future applications of this treatment modality.
Construction and Evaluation of an Automated Light Directed Protein-Detecting Microarray Synthesizer (2008)

We have designed, constructed, and evaluated an automated instrument that has produced high-density arrays with more than 30 000 peptide features within a 1.5 cm(2) area of a glass slide surface. These arrays can be used for high throughput library screening for protein binding ligands, for potential drug candidate molecules, or for discovering biomarkers. The device consists of a novel fluidics system, a relay control electrical system, an optics system that implements Texas Instruments' digital micromirror device (DMD), and a microwave source for accelerated synthesis of peptide arrays. The instrument implements two novel solid phase chemical synthesis strategies for producing peptide and peptoid arrays. Biotin-streptavidin and DNP anti-DNP (dinitrophenol) models of antibody small molecule interactions were used to demonstrate and evaluate the instrument's capability to produce high-density protein detecting arrays. Several screening assay and detection schemes were explored with various levels of efficiency and assays with sensitivity of 10 nM were also possible.
THE ENZYMATIC CONDENSATION OF PYRUVATE AND FORMALDEHYDE (1952)

An enzyme has been obtained from beef liver which condenses formaldehyde and pyruvate in equimolar amounts to yield a-keto-y-hydroxybutyric acid; the enzyme appears to be highly specific for both substrates.
Nieuwe herbicide 1, 3, 5 triazine derivaten (1957)

On behalf of a screening of their herbicidal properties we synthesised a number of 2 alkylamino 4,6 dichloro 1,3,5 triazines by a method described in the literature (Chapter II, A). We also developed a convenient method for the synthesis of 2 alkyloxy- and 2 alkylthio 4,6 dichloro 1,3,5 triazines. These substances could be obtained in good yield by the reaction of an alcohol or a thiol with cyanuric chloride in the presence of 2,6,x collidine (Chapter II, B). ... Zie: Summary
An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Maduramicin in Poultry Feed (1989)

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for maduramicin in poultry feed. The assay utilized polyclonal anti-maduramicin antibody raised in rabbits, maduramicin monoamide with 1,6-hexane diamine-conjugated ovalbumin as the coating antigen, horseradish peroxidase conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG and 2,2'azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline) sulfonic acid (ABTS) for quantitation. Standard curves ranging from 0 to 80 ng/mL maduramicin were constructed. The assay did not cross-react with monensin, lasalocid, salinomycin, lincomycin, narasin, chlortetracycline or roxarsone. Broiler feed fortified at 4 to 7 ppm maduramicin were shown to be quantifiable by ELISA at an average recovery of 98.1%. This ELISA method for maduramicin in poultry feed is comparable to the established HPLC-F method.
Electron-beam lithography of plasmonic nanorod arrays for multilayered optical storage (2014)

In this paper we demonstrate multilayer fabrication of plasmonic gold nanorod arrays using electron-beam lithography (EBL), and show that this structure could be used for multilayered optical storage media capable of continuous-wave (cw) laser readout. The gold nanorods fabricated using the EBL method are aligned perfectly and homogeneous in size and shape, allowing the polarization response of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to be observed through ensemble array. This property in turn permits polarization detuned SPR readout possible and other manipulations such as progressively twisted arrays through the multilayers to make cw readout possible through deeper layers without too much extinction loss. The layered gold nanorod arrays are separated by thick spacer layer to enable the optical resolving of individual layers. Using this method, we demonstrated four-fold reduction in extinction loss for cw readout in three-layer structure. The current technique of multilayer fabrication and readout can be useful in 3-dimensional fabrication of plasmonic circuits and structures.
Alkali Metal Complexes. Adducts of 1, 10-Phenanthroline with Alkali Metal Salts of 8-Hydroxyquinoline and o-Nitrobenzoic Acid (1973)

Chemistry Department, Patna University, Patna.5 <em>Manuscript received 4 September 1972; revised 20 June 1973; accepted 9 August 1973</em> Alkali metal salts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and o-nitrobenzoic acid form solid adducts with 1,10-phenanthroline in organic solvents, which are thermally very stable. Thermal, i.r., and solution studies suggest that these adducts are genuine complexes. Hydrogen bonding is not an essential feature in forming solid alkali metal complexes.
Targeting the neurophysin-related cell surface antigen on small cell lung cancer cells using a monoclonal antibody against the glycopeptide region (MAG-1) of provasopressin. (2002)

The vasopressin (VP) gene is largely expressed in hypothalamic neurons, where the resultant pro-VP protein is enzymatically cleaved into its peptide hormone components, which include the neuropeptide VP, VP-associated neurophysin, and VP-associated glycopeptide (VAG). Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors also express the VP gene, but the tumor pro-VP protein can remain intact and localize to the cell surface membrane. Previous studies have shown that polyclonal antibodies directed against different regions of the pro-VP protein bind specifically to the surface of cultured SCLC cells and recognize proteins of approximately 20 and approximately 40 kDa in cultured SCLC whole-cell lysate. Thus, these proteins have been designated neurophysin-related cell surface antigen (NRSA). A monoclonal antibody (mAb) designated MAG-1 was raised in this laboratory using a synthetic peptide representing the COOH-terminal sequence of VAG. The MAG-1 mAb recognizes NRSA in SCLC cell and tissue lysates by Western analysis, whereas immunofluorescent cytometric and microscopic analyses indicate that MAG-1 reacts specifically with NRSA on the surface of viable SCLC cells of both the classical and the variant subtype. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrates that MAG-1 reacts with human SCLC tumor, but not with normal pulmonary epithelial cells in lung tissue. Additionally, a MAG-1 Fab fragment was generated that was also able to recognize NRSA. This is the first study to demonstrate that a mAb directed to the VAG region of the pro-VP protein has the potential for development into an in vivo diagnostic and therapeutic tool that targets plasma membrane-incorporated NRSA.
Untersuchungen über einige p‐substituierte Phenylsulfonamid‐Derivate (1976)

Abstract Es wurden einige Sulfonamidderivate dargestellt und die Wirkung der strukturellen Abänderungen am N‐4 bezüglich der antimikrobiellen Eigenschaften untersucht. Einige der gewonnenen Derivate zeichnen sich durch eine intensivere Wirkung auf gramnegative Keime, im Vergleich zu grampositiven aus.
Canonical Wnt signaling is required for development of embryonic stem cell-derived mesoderm (2006)

Formation of mesoderm from the pluripotent epiblast depends upon canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, although a precise molecular basis for this requirement has not been established. To develop a robust model of this developmental transition, we examined the role of Wnt signaling during the analogous stage of embryonic stem cell differentiation. We show that the kinetics of Wnt ligand expression and pathway activity in vitro mirror those found in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of this endogenous Wnt signaling abrogates the functional competence of differentiating ES cells, reflected by their failure to generate Flk1(+) mesodermal precursors and subsequent mature mesodermal lineages. Microarray analysis at various times during early differentiation reveal that mesoderm- and endoderm-associated genes fail to be induced in the absence of Wnt signaling, indicating a lack of germ layer induction that normally occurs during gastrulation in vivo. The earliest genes displaying Wnt-dependent expression, however, were those expressed in vivo in the primitive streak. Using an inducible form of stabilized beta-catenin, we find that Wnt activity, although required, does not autonomously promote primitive streak-associated gene expression in vitro. Our results suggest that Wnt signaling functions in this model system to regulate the thresholds or stability of responses to other effector pathways and demonstrate that differentiating ES cells represent a useful model system for defining complex regulatory interactions underlying primary germ layer induction.
Near ultra-violet to mid-visible band gap tuning of mixed cation Rb<sub>x</sub>Cs<sub>1−x</sub>PbX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl or Br) perovskite nanoparticles (2018)

One of the most attractive features of perovskite materials is their chemical flexibility. Due to innovative chemical compositions of perovskites, their optical and structural properties, and functionalities have become more advanced, enabling better solar performance in photovoltaics, as well as robustness and excellent properties in the nanoscale for optoelectronics. The quest for novel perovskite compositions in the nano-scale is significantly important. This paper reports on a mixed-cation system of RbxCs1-xPbX3 (where X = Cl or Br) nanoparticles. The absorption of the nanoparticles is tunable in the near ultra-violet and visible regions between ∼395-525 nm for RbxCs1-xPbX3 (x = 0 to x = 0.8 and X = Cl or Br). The photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of the mixed Rb+/Cs+ nanoparticle systems are comparable to the PLQY of CsPbX3 nanoparticles. Interestingly an attempt to synthesize Cl- and Br-based nanoparticles with high Rb+ content was successful, although possessing low tolerance factors. We conclude that these mixed Rb+/Cs+ nanoparticles are more adjustable to structural distortions caused by cation substitutions than their bulk counterparts, which opens a way towards the development of more advanced mixed-ion perovskite compositions in the nano-scale.
Synthesis and physical properties of a series of optically active substituted trans-stilbene oxides (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and physical properties of a series of optically active substituted trans-stilbene oxidesMitsuru Imuta and Herman ZifferCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 14, 2505–2509Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01328a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01328a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views493Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The COVID States Project #1: A 50-state COVID-19 Survey Report (2020)

THE STATE OF THE NATION: A 50-STATE COVID-19 SURVEY Report #1 https://covidstates.org/ From: The COVID-19 Consortium for Understanding the Public’s Policy Preferences Across States From April 17 to 26 we conducted a large, 50 state survey, the results of which are presented in this report. The first section of the report looks at the nation as a whole while the second section focuses on individual states and comparisons across states.