gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
I-TREE AND URBAN FIA—WHAT'S THE CONNECTION? (2015)

The i-Tree program (www.itreetools.org) was developed to assess ecosystem services and values from trees and forests based on measured forest data. The i-Tree program is currently being integrated with FIA data to assess various ecosystem services and values from urban FIA data. This presentation will overview the history and use of i-Tree; the various tools of i-Tree and how i-Tree assesses ecosystem services and values.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Alkylation on a Solid Phase: Synthesis of a Piperazinedione Combinatorial Library. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The use of OP‐1 in femoral impaction grafting in a sheep model (2004)

Abstract The aim of this pilot study was to examine bone graft incorporation in femurs impacted with allograft bone alone (control group) or with allograft containing the bone morphogenetic protein OP‐1 (BMP‐7) (OP‐1 group) in a sheep model of cemented hemiar‐throplasty. Two sheep in each group were sacrificed at 6, 18 and 26 weeks. Successful bone graft incorporation was evident in both groups by six weeks but in the OP‐1 group, there had been more extensive resorption of the graft. There was one case of excessive stem subsidence in the OP‐1 group at six weeks. By 18 weeks, there was remodelling and trabeculation of the new bone in the OP‐1 group, but this appeared less advanced in the control group. By 26 weeks, there was remodelling of bone in the graft bed. The results of this small study suggest that OP‐1 promotes initial graft resorption, thus hastening bone graft incorporation and remodelling in femoral impaction grafting. The one case of stem subsidence may be associated with the early resorption seen in the OP‐1 group and reinforces the need for further studies, examining dose response and using precise measures of stem movement, before this BMP is used in femoral impaction grafting at revision hip arthroplasty. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
IFITM3 Restricts Influenza A Virus Entry by Blocking the Formation of Fusion Pores following Virus-Endosome Hemifusion (2014)

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) inhibit infection of diverse enveloped viruses, including the influenza A virus (IAV) which is thought to enter from late endosomes. Recent evidence suggests that IFITMs block virus hemifusion (lipid mixing in the absence of viral content release) by altering the properties of cell membranes. Consistent with this mechanism, excess cholesterol in late endosomes of IFITM-expressing cells has been reported to inhibit IAV entry. Here, we examined IAV restriction by IFITM3 protein using direct virus-cell fusion assay and single virus imaging in live cells. IFITM3 over-expression did not inhibit lipid mixing, but abrogated the release of viral content into the cytoplasm. Although late endosomes of IFITM3-expressing cells accumulated cholesterol, other interventions leading to aberrantly high levels of this lipid did not inhibit virus fusion. These results imply that excess cholesterol in late endosomes is not the mechanism by which IFITM3 inhibits the transition from hemifusion to full fusion. The IFITM3's ability to block fusion pore formation at a post-hemifusion stage shows that this protein stabilizes the cytoplasmic leaflet of endosomal membranes without adversely affecting the lumenal leaflet. We propose that IFITM3 interferes with pore formation either directly, through partitioning into the cytoplasmic leaflet of a hemifusion intermediate, or indirectly, by modulating the lipid/protein composition of this leaflet. Alternatively, IFITM3 may redirect IAV fusion to a non-productive pathway, perhaps by promoting fusion with intralumenal vesicles within multivesicular bodies/late endosomes.
Improving MR image quality in the presence of motion by using rephasing gradients (1987)

Numerous techniques exist for suppressing ghosting artifacts due to respiratory motion on MR images. Although such methods can remove coherent ghosting artifacts, motion during gradient pulses also leads to poor image quality. This is due to phase variations at the echo caused by changes in velocity from one phase-encoding view to the next. The effect becomes severe for long sampling times and long TE values and can lead to low estimates of T2. We discuss general, robust modifications of the standard gradient or spin-echo sequences by using rephasing gradients that force the phase of constant-velocity moving spins to be zero at the echo. These sequences lead to a significant reduction in motion artifacts and hence improvement in image quality. They can be applied to multislice, multiecho, water/fat, and gating schemes as well. Since motion problems are universal, it would appear that these modified sequences should come into common usage for MR imaging.
Ischemia- and agonist-induced changes in alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor traffic in guinea pig hearts (1987)

We have used radioligand binding techniques and subcellular fractionation to assess whether changes in expression of myocardial alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptors are mediated by a redistribution of receptors between various membrane fractions. Three fractions were prepared from the left ventricles of guinea pigs that underwent either 1 h of ischemia or injection of epinephrine (0.25 mg/kg ip): a crude membrane, a purified sarcolemma, and a light vesicle fraction. In control animals alpha 1-adrenergic receptors ([3H]prazosin binding) in light vesicles was only 25% of the total alpha 1-receptor density found in sarcolemmal and light vesicle fractions as compared with 50% for beta-adrenergic receptors ([125I]iodocyanopindolol binding sites). Although ischemia was associated with a 53% decrease in the number of light vesicle beta-adrenergic receptors and a 42% increase in the number of sarcolemma beta-receptors (P less than 0.05), there was no change in the number of light vesicle alpha 1-receptors, even though the number of sarcolemmal alpha 1-receptors increased 34%. Epinephrine treatment promoted internalization of beta-adrenergic receptors; sarcolemma beta-receptors decreased 37% and light vesicle beta-receptors increased 28% (P less than 0.025). For alpha 1-receptors, epinephrine treatment decreased the number of sarcolemmal receptors 41% (P less than 0.025) but failed to increase the number of receptors in the light vesicle fraction. The changes in receptor binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in sarcolemmal fractions were mirrored by parallel changes in isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. These results indicate that alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptors may undergo a different cellular itinerary in guinea pig myocardium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
High Throughput Cell Electroporation Array Fabricated by Single-Mask Inclined UV Lithography Exposure and Oxygen Plasma Etching (2007)

In this paper, we propose a multiple cell treatment array with high-density arrayed micro-orifice having an individually accessible microchannel and electrodes. More than 10000 micro-orifices with the diameter of 2μm can be simultaneously fabricated by SIngle-Mask inclined UV PhotoLithography for embedded network (SIMPLE) process with the oxygen plasma etching. More than 200 living cells immobilized at the arrayed micro-orifices were permeabilized by electroporation and allowed to uptake an foreign impermeant substance.
Recurrent Spontaneous Cervical-Artery Dissection (1994)

Although dissections in multiple cervical vessels are common at presentation, after the first month the risk of recurrent dissection is only about 1 percent per year.
Analysis of body-tie effects on SEU resistance of advanced FD-SOI SRAMs through mixed-mode 3-D Simulations (2004)

The 128-kb SOI SRAMs without body-ties had a threshold LET of 3.6 MeV/(mg/cm/sup 2/), which was increased to 9.0 MeV/(mg/cm/sup 2/) by adding body-ties. We used a mixed-mode three-dimensional simulation to analyze the effects of the body-ties on SEU resistance for FD SOI SRAMs with 0.2-/spl mu/m design rules. The simulations revealed an increase in the threshold LET from 5.8 to 8.1 MeV/(mg/cm/sup 2/) that was mostly due to the reduced bipolar gain of the parasitic bipolar transistor and partly due to the added capacitance, which were both related to the body-ties.
Urinary tissue factor: a potential marker of disease (1999)

Tissue factor (TF) is the main physiological initiator of blood coagulation and may be important in the biology of a variety of solid malignancies, particularly where angiogenesis is a critical factor. TF is frequently encrypted in the plasma membrane of cells in contact with blood, and is exposed only after stimulation by certain agonists. Cancer cells variably express TF and cancer cell lines which exhibit multidrug resistance contain more TF than parental cells. TF is increased in both tumour-associated macrophages and blood monocytes and has been implicated in abnormal coagulation activation seen in patients with inflammatory conditions and cancer. TF is also found in urine (uTF) in a lipid-associated form, probably of kidney origin. uTF levels can be assayed in a cost-effective manner and may be clinically important, particularly in patients with renal disorders and malignancy. uTF levels are not significantly affected by age, gender or cigarette smoking.
Flow-induced instabilities of a mucus–serous bilayer (1999)

In this paper we investigate the stability of a bilayer exposed to air flow. The bilayer consists of a viscoelastic solid layer (mucus), which rests on a viscous fluid film (serous fluid). The motivation behind this work is to examine the coupled, fluid/elastic instabilities related to mucus clearance in the lung where breathing and cough apply shear forces from the air flow onto the bilayer. Previous research on mucus transport due to air flow has not addressed the effects of the underlying serous layer nor those of surface tension at the mucus–air interface, two new features incorporated into the model. Surface tension effects are governed by the new parameter κ′ = (σ/ dG ′) where σ is the air–mucus surface tension, G ′ is the elastic shear modulus of the mucus, and d is a characteristic thickness of the bilayer. The model predictions for the onset of unstable waves as a function of the parameters are compared to previous theories and experiments to provide physical interpretations and to compare results. The comparison with experiments show good qualitative and quantitative agreement. The results are compared, also, to flow over a single, viscoelastic layer, with no viscous fluid underneath, to demonstrate the appearance of new wave behaviour when the viscous fluid is added.
Antinutrients and Phytochemicals in Food (1997)

Antinutrients in foods are responsible for deleterious effects related to the absorption of nutrients and micronutrients. However, some antinutrients may exert beneficial health effects at low concentrations. The mechanisms by which adverse and beneficial effects of food antinutrients operate are the same. Thus, manipulation of processing conditions and/or removal of certain unwanted components of foods may be required.
CABOTO, a high-gradient linac for hadrontherapy (2013)

The field of hadrontherapy has grown rapidly in recent years. At present the therapeutic beam is provided by a cyclotron or a synchrotron, but neither cyclotrons nor synchrotrons present the best performances for hadrontherapy. The new generation of accelerators for hadrontherapy should allow fast active energy modulation and have a high repetition rate, so that moving organs can be appropriately treated in a reasonable time. In addition, a reduction of the dimensions and cost of the accelerators for hadrontherapy would make the acquisition and operation of a hadrontherapy facility more affordable, which would translate into great benefits for the potential hadrontherapy patients. The 'cyclinac', an accelerator concept that combines a cyclotron with a high-frequency linear accelerator (linac), is a fast-cycling machine specifically conceived to allow for fast active energy modulation. The present paper focuses on CABOTO (CArbon BOoster for Therapy in Oncology), a compact, efficient high-frequency linac that can accelerate C(6+) ions and H2 molecules from 150-410 MeV/u in ∼24 m. The paper presents the latest design of CABOTO and discusses its performances.
PARSEC vs. SPLASH-2: A quantitative comparison of two multithreaded benchmark suites on Chip-Multiprocessors (2008)

The PARSEC benchmark suite was recently released and has been adopted by a significant number of users within a short amount of time. This new collection of workloads is not yet fully understood by researchers. In this study we compare the SPLASH-2 and PARSEC benchmark suites with each other to gain insights into differences and similarities between the two program collections. We use standard statistical methods and machine learning to analyze the suites for redundancy and overlap on Chip-Multiprocessors (CMPs). Our analysis shows that PARSEC workloads are fundamentally different from SPLASH-2 benchmarks. The observed differences can be explained with two technology trends, the proliferation of CMPs and the accelerating growth of world data.
Multi-Level Alert Clustering for Intrusion Detection Sensor Data (2005)

Alert fusion is a promising research area in information assurance today. To increase trustworthiness in systems, most modern information systems deployed in distributed environments employ multiple, diverse sensors that monitor security violations throughout the network. The outputs of the sensors must be fused in an effective and intelligent manner in order to provide an overall view of the status of such systems. A unified architecture for intelligent alert fusion essentially combines alert prioritization, alert clustering and alert correlation. In this paper, we address the alert clustering aspect of sensor data fusion in an intrusion detection environment. A causal knowledge based inference technique with fuzzy cognitive modeling is used to cluster alerts by discovering structural relationships in sensor data.
Chemomechanical origin of directed locomotion driven by internal chemical signals (2020)

Asymmetry in the interaction between an individual and its environment is generally considered essential for the directional properties of active matter, but can directional locomotions and their transitions be generated only from intrinsic chemical dynamics and its modulation? Here, we examine this question by simulating the locomotion of a bioinspired active gel in a homogeneous environment. We find that autonomous directional locomotion emerges in the absence of asymmetric interaction with the environment and that a transition between modes of gel locomotion can be induced by adjusting the spatially uniform intensity of illumination or certain kinetic and mechanical system parameters. The internal wave dynamics and its structural modulation act as the impetus for signal-driven active locomotion in a manner similar to the way in which an animal's locomotion is generated via driving by nerve pulses. Our results may have implications for the development of soft robots and biomimetic materials.
All-Optical 2R Regeneration of BPSK and QPSK Data using a 90° Optical Hybrid and Integrated SOA-MZI Wavelength Converter Pairs (2011)

We demonstrate all-optical 2R regeneration with a 90° optical hybrid and integrated MZI-SOA pairs for 10 Gb/s BPSK and 20 Gb/s QPSK with negative power penalty. Power penalty and OSNR improvements of 7 dB and 5 dB are shown with additive ASE noise.
Measuring the ⁷Be Neutrino Flux From the Sun: Calibration of the Borexino Solar Neutrino Detector (2010)

The Borexino solar neutrino detector is a real-time liquid scintillator detector designed to measure sub-MeV neutrinos. With its unprecedented level of radio-purity, Borexino is poised to provide the most precise measurements to-date of solar neutrino and geo-antineutrino fluxes. However, in order to reduce the systematic errors to sub-5% levels, the detector must be care- fully calibrated to understand, among other things, the position and energy reconstructions. To that end, the Virginia Tech component of the Borexino collaboration has constructed a system for deploying and locating calibration sources within the detector. The system was used in four separate calibration campaigns and deployed numerous sources in almost 300 locations throughout the detector. The data from the calibrations have already resulted in the reduction of several sources of systematic error by a factor of two or more. With the results from the calibration, the Borexino detector has entered a new era of low- energy, high-precision, neutrino detection. This work was supported by NSF Grant 0802114
Variable-cavity-length mode-locked Nd:YAG laser for noncontact generation and spectral control of narrow-band ultrasound (1994)

A passively mode-locked, flash-lamp-pumped long-cavity Nd:YAG laser was developed with a cavity length that was variable in discrete increments from approximately 11 to 60 m, permitting adjustment of the mode-locked pulse repetition frequency over a range from 13 to 2.5 MHz. Multiple-pulse acoustic signals were generated with this laser in an aluminum sample and remotely detected by a path-stabilized Michelson interferometer. The energy in the multiple-pulse acoustic signal was confined to a considerably reduced spectral range compared with that in a single pulse. Successful laser generation of spectrally selective narrow-band ultrasound presents new opportunities to integrate advanced signal-processing strategies with interferometric detection to enhance the sensitivity of laser ultrasonics for industrial applications.
STRING v11: protein–protein association networks with increased coverage, supporting functional discovery in genome-wide experimental datasets (2018)

Proteins and their functional interactions form the backbone of the cellular machinery. Their connectivity network needs to be considered for the full understanding of biological phenomena, but the available information on protein-protein associations is incomplete and exhibits varying levels of annotation granularity and reliability. The STRING database aims to collect, score and integrate all publicly available sources of protein-protein interaction information, and to complement these with computational predictions. Its goal is to achieve a comprehensive and objective global network, including direct (physical) as well as indirect (functional) interactions. The latest version of STRING (11.0) more than doubles the number of organisms it covers, to 5090. The most important new feature is an option to upload entire, genome-wide datasets as input, allowing users to visualize subsets as interaction networks and to perform gene-set enrichment analysis on the entire input. For the enrichment analysis, STRING implements well-known classification systems such as Gene Ontology and KEGG, but also offers additional, new classification systems based on high-throughput text-mining as well as on a hierarchical clustering of the association network itself. The STRING resource is available online at https://string-db.org/.
Efficiency enhancement of defect monopole antenna with asymmetry environment (2015)

Usually the design of a monopole antenna is with symmetric on a larger ground plane for higher antenna overall efficiency. Unfortunately, in many communication devices, such as Z-wave, the overall size of the device is not only limited but also the geometry of antenna is distorted. In this paper, a monopole antenna is designed for a device with size 65mm × 38.5mm × 85mm at a frequency of 908 MHz .The monopole antenna with various kinds of environments is also simulated and measured. The measured antenna efficiency is 17% without environment matching. By using stub matching, the antenna overall efficiency is improved from 17% to 56%.
CASINO: A new monte Carlo code in C language for electron beam interactions—part III: Stopping power at low energies (1997)

Abstract This paper is a description of the stopping power routine utilized in the CASINO program that is based on the experimental measurement of the energy loss function (ELF). In addition, we present an ANSI C standard program that can be used to generate the data needed for the stopping power routine. Both optical and energy loss spectrum (ELS) measurements of the ELF can be used as input to compute the stopping power. For ELS, only the single scattering spectrum is needed. Hence, measurement of the stopping power for a given element or compound of interest can easily be performed and used in the CASINO program. The resulting effect of using these stopping powers in Monte Carlo simulations is generally to increase the backscattering coefficient. Except for carbon, the change of stopping power for pure elements so far compiled is relatively small. In some compounds (i.e., Al 2 O 3 and ZnSe), the discrepancy with the Joy and Luo (1989) expression is significant.
Predictors of outcomes following pediatric thyroid and parathyroid surgery (2008)

Complications following thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy in children can have profound, life-long effects on development and quality of life. Outcomes are optimized when surgery is performed by high-volume surgeons. Obtaining access to high-volume surgeons requires a multidisciplinary approach by parents, pediatricians, pediatric endocrinologists, and third-party payers.
Studies on the Proteolytic Enzymes of Thermophilic Streptomyces Part II (1966)

Taxonomical characteristics of a thermophilic streptomycete which had been reported to produce a relatively thermostable proteinase were examined, and it was found to belong to a variety of Streptomyces rectus for which the name Streptomyces rectus var. proteolyticus was suggested. Some cultural conditions for proteinase formation by this strain were investigated. The formation of proteinase was greatly stimulated by the addition of Mn and affected by the composition of medium. The proteinase formation occurred during the stationary phase of growth at 50°C, while intracellular peptidase was formed in early logarithmic phase. No presence of precursor of the proteinase was suggested.
BOOK NOTICES (1941)

BOOK NOTICES Get access South of God. By CEDRIC BELFRAGE. New York: Modern Age, 1941. 346 pages. $2.50. ALVA W. TAYLOR ALVA W. TAYLOR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume IX, Issue 3, August 1941, Pages 194-a–194, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/IX.3.194-a Published: 01 August 1941
Studies on Abscisic Acid (1970)

Epoxidation of methyl dehydro-β-ionylideneacetates with perbenzoic acid afforded methyl 1′, 2′-epoxy-dehydro-β-ionylideneacetates and then methyl 1′, 2′-, 3′, 4′-di-epoxy-dehydro-β-ionylideneacetates. 1′,2′-Epoxy-dehydro-β-ionone, obtained byepoxidation of dehydro-β-ionone, was treated with carbethoxymethylenetriphenlphosphorane to give ethyl 1′, 2′-epoxy-dehydro-β-ionylideneacetates. Further, sensitive photooxidation of ethyl dehydro-β-ionylidenecrotonate, followed by alkaline hydrolysis, gave 1′-hydroxy-4′-keto-α-ionylidenecrotonic acid. Growth inhibitory activities of the above compounds on rice seedlings were examined.