gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of a Physiologic Pacing System Due to its Anti‐Pacemaker‐Mediated Tachycardia Mode (1985)

Newer programmable DDD pacemakers prevent pacemaker-mediated tachycardia by automatic extension of the atrial refractory period after a detected premature ventricular contraction. We present an example in which the automatic extension of the atrial refractory period resulted in pacemaker inhibition, which should not automatically be assumed to represent pacemaker malfunction. A careful understanding of pacemaker timing intervals may allow for identification and correction of this problem.
Current Status of Clinical Trials for Small Cell Lung Cancer (2008)

SCLC represents 13% of all lung cancer cases and is the most aggressive form of lung cancer with an overall 5-year survival less than 5%. The combination of cisplatin or carboplatin with etoposide remains the standard treatment for SCLC. Despite a good initial response to therapy, most SCLC patients suffer from the development of chemotherapy resistance and relapse. Second-line chemotherapy should then be applied, which however frequently results in only a low survival increase. To improve the outcome of SCLC, new drugs such as topotecan, irinotecan, amrubicin, paclitaxel or gemcitabin have recently been added to chemotherapeutic regimens. In combination with etoposide or platinum-based agents, some of these drugs could be able to offer a significant survival benefit. Moreover, recent progress in the understanding of SCLC biology has led to the identification of critical signaling pathways, which allowed the development of specific targeted therapies for the disease. A number of new molecules are currently under clinical evaluation in SCLC. These inhibitors target the proteasome, receptors tyrosine kinases, farnesyltransferase, Bcl-2, or angiogenic pathways. Some studies have demonstrated that these new strategies can be associated with chemotherapy and show positive results. This review summarizes recent clinical trials performed with new chemotherapeutic regimens and the current status of specific targeted approaches in SCLC patients.
NEW RESULTS OF POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.) BREEDING FOR LOW ALKALID CONTENT IN HUNGARY (2002)

ISHS International Conference on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Possibilities and Limitations of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Production in the 21st Century NEW RESULTS OF POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.) BREEDING FOR LOW ALKALID CONTENT IN HUNGARY
Paracrine Effects of Direct Intramyocardial Implantation of Bone Marrow Derived Cells to Enhance Neovascularization in Chronic Ischaemic Myocardium (2007)

Catheter-based direct intramyocardial injection of BM-MNC enhanced angiogenesis more effectively than BM-EPC or saline, possibly via a paracrine effect, with increased expression of VEGF that subsequently improved cardiac performance of ischaemic myocardium.
Toward language-independent text-to-speech synthesis (2010)

Abstract:- Text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis is becoming a fundamental part of any embedded system that has to interact with humans. Language-independence in speech synthesis is a primary requirement for systems that are not practical to update, as is the case for most embedded systems. Because current text-to-speech synthesis usually refers to a single language and to a single speaker (or at most a limited set of voices), a framework for language-independent, text-to-speech synthesis is proposed to overcome these limitations in implementing speech synthesis on embedded systems. The proposed text-to-speech synthesis framework was designed to embed phonetic and prosodic information in a set of rules. To complete this language-independent speechsynthesis solution, a universal set of phones has been defined so that the appropriate speech sounds for every language are available at run time. Synthesis of more than one language can easily be carried out by switching from one rule set to another while keeping a common phone-data set. Using a vocal-track-based speech synthesizer, the system does not depend on phone sets recorded from an actual specific human voice, so voice types can be chosen at run time. Key-Words:- Text-to-speech, multi-language speech synthesis, rule-based speech synthesis 1
An Application Specific Instruction Set Processor optimized for FFT (2011)

This paper presents an Application Specific Instruction Set Processor (ASIP) pruned for high-throughput and variable-length Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which is a key component of various Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless communication standards. The ASIP executes dedicated FFT instructions to process two radix-4 or four radix-2 butterfly operations every clock cycle. Furthermore, a shuffle-embedded register file and a programmable memory access coprocessor are employed to tackle the memory access bottleneck and reduce power consumption. The implementation results show that our ASIP requires only 892 clock cycles for a 1024-point FFT, which outperforms TI TMS320C64x DSP and Tensilica ConnX ASIP by 6.74X and 2.03X, respectively. A test chip of the proposed ASIP was fabricated using CMOS 65nm process with the core area of 1.9mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . It consumes 85mW when it runs at the maximum frequency of 150MHz.
Design of low-delay cosine-modulated filter banks with equiripple reconstruction error (2008)

A method for the design of low-delay multichannel cosine-modulated filter banks with nearly perfect reconstruction is proposed. The method is based on the trade-off between obtaining the equiripple reconstruction error and minimizing the stopband energy of the prototype filter. The filter bank design problem is solved by means of its transformation into an equivalent bicriterion optimization problem. A starting point located close to the final solution is calculated analytically. Design example is included to demonstrate the proposed approach.
Permeability of a Single Fracture; Validity of the Reynolds Equation (1995)

Single fractures are generated by statistical methods and described by a probability density of the profile heights and a spatial covariance function which is either Gaussian or self-affine. The results of numerical simulations based on both 2D Reynolds and 3D Stokes equations are presented. Total fluxes predicted by these equations for the same fractures are given and discussed. The difference between predictions of both models is analysed for the range of correlation lengths and apertures of real fractures, and it is found that the total fluxes for the same fractures may differ more than two times. When the local distance between the surfaces is used, the Reynolds equation provides much better results.
Multistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Formation (2010)

In this paper, we consider a multistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging scenario where a swarm of airborne antennas, some of which are transmitting, receiving or both, are traversing arbitrary flight trajectories and transmitting arbitrary waveforms without any form of multiplexing. The received signal at each receiving antenna may be interfered by the scattered signal due to multiple transmitters and additive thermal noise at the receiver. In this scenario, standard bistatic SAR image reconstruction algorithms result in artifacts in reconstructed images due to these interferences. In this paper, we use microlocal analysis in a statistical setting to develop a filtered-backprojection (FBP) type analytic image formation method that suppresses artifacts due to interference while preserving the location and orientation of edges of the scene in the reconstructed image. Our FBP-type algorithm exploits the second-order statistics of the target and noise to suppress the artifacts due to interference in a mean-square sense. We present numerical simulations to demonstrate the performance of our multistatic SAR image formation algorithm with the FBP-type bistatic SAR image reconstruction algorithm. While we mainly focus on radar applications, our image formation method is also applicable to other problems arising in fields such as acoustic, geophysical and medical imaging.
Oxynitrides as Electrode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2005)

10 pages
Deposition and patterning of diamondlike carbon as antiwear nanoimprint templates (2006)

In this work, antiwear nanoimprint templates were made by depositing and patterning diamondlike carbon (DLC) films on Si and quartz. A capacitively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system was configured to deposit 100nm–1μm thick DLC films on Si and quartz substrates. These films were characterized with Raman spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation, contact angle measurements, and optical transmission measurements. The rf power and pressure of the PECVD process were varied to obtain uniform coating of DLC films with smooth surface (∼0.2nm rms), low surface energy (∼40mJ∕m2), and high hardness (∼22GPa). The resulting films’ wear resistance is more than three times better than quartz. The DLC films were patterned by nanoimprint lithography using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) followed by CF4 plasma etch. Thermal nanoimprint tests with DLC templates were performed in PMMA. Atomic force microscopy measurements indicated excellent pattern-transfer fidelity and template-polymer separation.
JPEG 2000 for wireless applications (2003)

JPEG2000 is the new ISO/IEC image compression standard. It is a full coding system targeted for various imaging applications. Besides offering the state-of-the-art in still image compression, it provides new features such as scalability in quality and in resolution, random access and region of interest (ROI) coding. Motion JPEG2000 is an inherited video compression standard based on intra-farme coding using JPEG2000. JPIP (the JPEG2000 Interactive Protocol), is a developing protocol for the access and transmission of JPEG2000 coded data and related metadata in a networked environment. In this paper, we present various applications of JPEG2000, Motion JPEG2000 and JPIP, geared specially towards the wireless mobile environment. We present an Image Surfing system for surfing JPEG2000 images on mobile terminals over a wireless network. We also present a scheme for tracking and coding Regions-Of-Interest (ROI) over a Motion JPEG2000 sequence. Finally, we present a Partial Coding scheme for use in Motion JPEG2000 sequences that gives coding gains for certain types of video sequences.
A novel high-Q and wide-frequency-range inductor using Si 3-D MMIC technology (1999)

A novel high-Q and wide-frequency-range inductor formed using three-dimensional (3-D) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology on a conductive Si substrate is presented. A fabricated 1.24-nH spiral inductor achieves the very high resonant frequency of 29.3 GHz and maximum quality factor (Q) of 45.77 owing to thick dielectric layers and a ground plane that overlays the substrate. The measured results show that the Si 3-D MMIC is very suitable for realizing single-chip and mixed-mode transceivers for L-band to Ku-band applications.
Trap Engineering of CdTe Nanoparticle for High Gain, Fast Response, and Low Noise P3HT:CdTe Nanocomposite Photodetectors (2015)

Cd(2+) causes deep traps on the surface of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) often leading to a long response time for a photodetector. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) can be used to selectively passivate the Cd(2+) -related deep traps by forming a Cd-S bond, while maintaining the shallow traps. By tailoring the trap depth of the CdTe QDs, a high gain, fast response, and low noise P3HT:CdTe nanocomposite photodetector is achieved.
Titanium-doped sputter-deposited AlN infrared whispering gallery mode microlaser on optical fibers (2010)

Optical fibers of 12 μm diameter were coated with a sputter-deposited layer (4 μm thick) of titanium (1 at. %)-doped amorphous aluminum nitride. When optically pumped by an Nd:YAG green laser at 532 nm, laser action was observed in whispering gallery modes around the fiber (in a ring shape) at 780.5 nm with a quality factor Q > 1500. Other modes were also observed between 775 and 800 nm. The primary and secondary modes give a mode separation of 4.6 nm. No waveguide modes were observed in the cavity.
Non-Volatile Non-Shadow flip-flop using Spin Orbit Torque for efficient normally-off computing (2016)

With technology scaling, conventional CMOS-based flip-flops can no longer efficiently cope with the increasing leakage power challenge. Therefore, various non-volatile flip-flop designs were recently introduced to reduce the static power consumption. However, these flipflop architectures employ non-volatile Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) storing devices only for backup, i.e. to save and restore the content before and after power gating. This limits their efficiency for aggressive power gating for effective power reduction. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel Non-Volatile Non-Shadow flip-flop (NVNS-FF) using Spin Orbit Torque (SOT) based MTJ cells. In this design, we exploit the high speed, low energy and high-reliability features of SOT devices to employ them as active components of the flip-flop. This enables efficient normally-off computing by allowing very aggressive power gating for both short and long standby periods. Experimental results show that the NVNS-FF has similar energy and timing characteristics as conventional CMOS-based flip-flops in active mode, and at the same time it allows to reduce the static power by 5X compared to backup flip-flops.
Performance Analysis of Free-Space Optical Communication Systems With Multiuser Diversity Over Atmospheric Turbulence Channels (2014)

Free-space optical (FSO) communication has become a cost-effective method to provide high data rates. However, the turbulence-induced fading limits its application to short-range applications. To address this, we propose a multiuser diversity (MD) FSO scheme in which the Nth best user is selected and the channel fluctuations can be effectively exploited to produce a selection diversity gain. More specifically, we first present the statistics analysis for the considered system over both weak and strong atmospheric turbulence channels. Based on these statistics, the outage probability, bit-error rate performance, average capacity, diversity order, and coverage are analyzed. Results show that the diversity order for the gamma-gamma fading is N min{α, β}/2, where N is the number of users, and α and β are the channel fading parameters related to the effective atmospheric conditions of the link.
Activation of Interferon-inducible 2′−5′ Oligoadenylate Synthetase by Adenoviral VAI RNA (1995)

2'-5' oligoadenylate (2-5(A)) synthetase and protein kinase, RNA activated (PKR) are the only two known enzymes that bind double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and get activated by it. We have previously identified their dsRNA binding domains, which do not have any sequence homology. Here, we report a profound difference between the two enzymes with respect to the structural features of the dsRNA that are required for their activation. The adenoviral virus-associated type I (VAI) RNA cannot activate PKR, although it binds to the protein and thereby prevents its activation by authentic dsRNA. In contrast, we observed that VAI RNA can both bind and activate 2-5(A) synthetase. Mutations in VAI RNA, which removed occasional mismatches present in its double-stranded stems, markedly enhanced its 2-5(A) synthetase-activating capacity. These mutants, however, are incapable of activating PKR. Other mutations, which disrupted the structure of the central stem-loop region of the VAI RNA, reduced its ability to activate 2-5(A) synthetase. These debilitated mutants could bind to the synthetase protein, although they fail to bind to PKR.
Design of Data Replication System on FreeBSD (2010)

This paper presents a design of a high-performance data replication system on FreeBSD (FRS). The system is embedded into replication device driver layer, does not depend on specific storage devices and logical volume manager, can achieve replication on data block level, has a strong independent, flexible and versatile. We describe the design considerations and decisions in defining HRS: Why replication runs on logical volume? Why embeds replication device driver layer, Why runs on self-designed logical volume manager to manage replication objects? Why is replication protocol defined over TCP and so on.
IFN- <i>gamma</i> regulates the expression of the adhesion molecule ELAM-1 and IL-6 production by human endothelial cells in vitro. (1990)

In this study two new in vitro effects of IFN-gamma on human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells were described. First, it was shown that the expression of the adhesion molecule ELAM-1 on activated HUVE cells can be modulated by IFN-gamma. ELAM-1 is normally not expressed by HUVE cells, but its expression can rapidly be induced by TNF, IL-1, or LPS. Maximal expression is reached after 4 to 6 h of activation, and after 24 h the expression disappeared. Whereas IFN-gamma per se did not induce expression of ELAM-1, it enhanced and prolonged the expression of ELAM-1. This enhancement occurred when IFN-gamma was added before activation as well as when added simultaneously with activation. When IFN-gamma was added 6 or 9 h after the activation, the normally ongoing reduction of expression was not only retarded, but the expression increased for at least 3 h. Moreover, IFN-gamma abrogated the refractory period for restimulation. Neither IFN-beta nor IL-6 had any effect on the expression of ELAM-1. The second effect of IFN-gamma on HUVE cells is the capacity to enhance the IL-6 production by these cells. Prestimulation as well as coincubation of IFN-gamma with TNF, IL-1, or LPS resulted in a strongly augmented production of IL-6. The effects of IFN-gamma may in vivo play a role in the regulation of an inflammatory reaction, because ELAM-1 is an adhesion molecule for neutrophils, and IL-6 has an enhancing effect on the cytotoxicity of neutrophils.
Osteopontin and β <sub>3</sub> Integrin Are Coordinately Expressed in Regenerating Endothelium In Vivo and Stimulate Arg-Gly-Asp–Dependent Endothelial Migration In Vitro (1995)

Osteopontin is an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing acidic glycoprotein postulated to mediate cellular adhesion and migration in a growing number of normal and pathological conditions through interaction with integrin molecules. In this report, we have investigated the potential contributions of osteopontin and one of its receptors, the alpha v beta 3 integrin, to endothelial regenerative processes by using both in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo, uninjured rat arterial endothelium had undetectable levels of osteopontin and beta 3-integrin mRNA by in situ hybridization. After balloon catheter denudation, osteopontin mRNA levels correlated temporally and spatially with active endothelial proliferation and migration, with the highest levels observed at the wound edge between 8 hours and 2 weeks after injury, declining to uninjured levels at 6 weeks, when regeneration was complete. Osteopontin protein levels, as determined by immunocytochemistry, paralleled the time course of mRNA expression. Likewise, beta 3-integrin mRNA and protein levels were substantially elevated in regenerating endothelial cells but were not detectable in uninjured or healed endothelium. In vitro, rat smooth muscle cell-derived and bacterial expressed mouse recombinant osteopontins both stimulated the adhesion and directed migration of bovine aortic endothelial cells through interactions with the alpha v beta 3 receptor. Structural mutants of osteopontin confirmed the importance of the RGD domain for both adhesion and migration of endothelial cells through alpha v beta 3. These data suggest important roles for osteopontin and beta 3 integrin in regenerating endothelium.
Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Common Antigen of Polyomaviruses in Routine Histologic Tissue Sections of Animals and Man (1980)

All polyomaviruses have a common antigen, which is located on the major capsid polypeptide (VPI). This antigen was demonstrated in routine histologic sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technic. Antiserum to the common determinant reacted with JC virus in oligodendrocytes of a patient who had progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, BK virus in bladder epithelium of a renal transplant patient, and K virus in endothelial cells of mouse lung. This method may be applicable to the screening of tissues for all polyomaviruses in diagnostic and investigative pathology.
100 Gb/s PAM4 transmission system for datacenter interconnects using a SiP ME-MZM based DAC-less transmitter and a VSB self-coherent receiver (2018)

We experimentally demonstrate a digital-to-analog-converter-less (DAC-less) vestigial sideband (VSB) 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) transmission system for data center interconnects (DCIs) using a silicon photonic (SiP) multi-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator (ME-MZM) based DAC-less transmitter and a VSB self-coherent receiver. The impacts of linear and nonlinear impairments on the proposed system and their mitigation methods are comprehensively studied. By using Kramer-Kronig (KK) detection, frequency domain chromatic dispersion compensation, and short-memory time domain Volterra equalization at the receiver, we report a 112 Gb/s PAM4 transmission over 40 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) with a bit error rate (BER) below the 7% overhead (OH) hard-decision forward error correction threshold of 3.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup>, and a 120 Gb/s PAM4 transmission over 80 km SSMF with a BER below the 20% OH soft-decision forward error correction threshold of 2 × 10<sup>-2</sup>, without any transmitter side digital signal processing such as pre-emphasis and pulse shaping.
Relating tissue/organ energy expenditure to metabolic fluxes in mouse and human: experimental data integrated with mathematical modeling (2014)

Mouse models of human diseases are used to study the metabolic and physiological processes leading to altered whole-body energy expenditure (EE), which is the sum of EE of all body organs and tissues. Isotopic techniques, arterio-venous difference of substrates, oxygen, and blood flow measurements can provide essential information to quantify tissue/organ EE and substrate oxidation. To complement and integrate experimental data, quantitative mathematical model analyses have been applied in the design of experiments and evaluation of metabolic fluxes. In this study, a method is presented to quantify the energy expenditure of the main mouse organs using metabolic flux measurements. The metabolic fluxes and substrate utilization of the main metabolic pathways of energy metabolism in the mouse tissue/organ systems and the whole body are quantified using a mathematical model based on mass and energy balances. The model is composed of six organ/tissue compartments: brain, heart, liver, gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and adipose tissue. Each tissue/organ is described with a distinct system of metabolic reactions. This model quantifies metabolic and energetic characteristics of mice under overnight fasting conditions. The steady-state mass balances of metabolites and energy balances of carbohydrate and fat are integrated with available experimental data to calculate metabolic fluxes, substrate utilization, and oxygen consumption in each tissue/organ. The model serves as a paradigm for designing experiments with the minimal reliable measurements necessary to quantify tissue/organs fluxes and to quantify the contributions of tissue/organ EE to whole-body EE that cannot be easily determined currently.