gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low cost concurrent error detection based on module weight-based codes (2002)

This paper explains the concept of "modulo weight-based codes" and presents an efficient scheme for concurrent error detection of arbitrary multilevel circuits based on these codes. It is shown that in most cases modulo weight-based codes can achieve high fault detection capabilities of around 99% with just three check bits and without constraining the circuit structure. Modulo weight-based codes present a way of exploiting the circuit structure to increase fault detection capability. An optimum choice of weights for the code can be made using information about the circuit structure. The paper presents an efficient algorithm to achieve the weight assignment based on simple estimates of the probabilities of the existence of sensitized paths from the signal line to the circuit outputs. Finally, a self-checking checker design is presented for the proposed module weight-based codes.
Collagenolytic activity of black‐pigmented <i>Bacteroides</i> species (1987)

Strains of black‐pigmented Bacteroides were examined for their ability to degrade collagen, albumin and benzoyl‐D‐L‐arginine‐p‐nitranilide (BAPNA). B. gingivalis was the only species that showed activity against collagen and BAPNA. This activity was cell‐bound, stabilized by dithiothreitol and inhibited by sulphy‐dryl‐modifying reagents such as mercuric, cupric and zinc ions, 5.5′‐dithiobis‐2‐nitrobenzoic acid, p‐chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The activity was also inhibited by the chelating agents EDTA and EGTA. This indicated that B. gingivalis has cell‐bound thiol proteinase activity dependent on metal ions.
Laser isotope separation (review) (1976)

Part I of the review (Secs. 1–5) classifies the optical (photochemical and photophysical) isotope separation methods, gives the history of their development, and demonstrates the advantages of laser radiation. The problem of isotopically selective excitation and isotopic shifts in the spectra of atoms and molecules, and also limitations of the selectivity and methods for increasing it are considered in Sec. 2. The method of selective multistep photoionization of atoms, general relationships applying to this method, principal experiments (on Rb, U, etc.), methods for increasing the photoionization cross section of excited atoms, and limitations on ionization selectivity are discussed in Sec. 3. The method of selective two-step photodissociation of molecules and limitations (bottleneck effect due to the rotational structure, steepness of the photoabsorption edge, and nonselective thermal excitation), and the first experiments (on NH3, BCl3) are analyzed in Sec. 4. The method of selective photopredissociation of molecules, its limitations and advantages, first experiments (on H2CO and I2), and its potential applications in isotope separation are discussed in Sec. 5 (Secs. 1, 3, and 4 are by V. S. Letokhov and Secs. 2 and 5 are by C. B. Moore).
Type IV Pilin Proteins: Versatile Molecular Modules (2012)

Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and structurally related proteins are found as components of the type II secretion (T2S) system, where they are called pseudopilins; of DNA uptake/competence systems in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species; and of flagella, pili, and sugar-binding systems in the archaea. This broad distribution of a single protein family implies both a common evolutionary origin and a highly adaptable functional plan. The type IV pilin is a remarkably versatile architectural module that has been adopted widely for a variety of functions, including motility, attachment to chemically diverse surfaces, electrical conductance, acquisition of DNA, and secretion of a broad range of structurally distinct protein substrates. In this review, we consider recent advances in this research area, from structural revelations to insights into diversity, posttranslational modifications, regulation, and function.
Spiroconjugation-enhanced intermolecular charge transport (2005)

We report charge-transport and related physical properties of terfluorenes with various C9 substitutions. Results show that by introducing slight spiroconjugation between a core chromophore and conjugated substitutions through spiro-linking, the bulky substitution not only serves as a spatial hindrance to enhance morphological stability and emission efficiency in thin films, but also bridges and enhances intermolecular charge transport under certain situations. Interestingly, such characteristics are acquired without altering major electronic properties of core chromophores, rendering it a flexible molecular scheme for tuning characteristics of functional molecules to meet various demands of different applications.
The regulatory C proteins from different restriction-modification systems can cross-complement (1995)

The BamHI restriction-modification system contains a third gene, bamHIC, which positively regulates bamHIR. Similar small genes from other systems were tested in vivo for their ability to cross-complement. C.BamHI protein was identified, purified, and used to raise polyclonal antibodies. Attempts to detect other C proteins in cell extracts by cross-reactivity with C.BamHI antibodies proved unsuccessful.
Speckle motion in laser refraction (1984)

Speckle motion in laser refraction is studied using the concept of the effective source. The results hold under more-general conditions of viewing directions. This treatment is much simpler than the earlier method [ Ophthalmic Optician20, 41 ( 1980)].
Troglitazone Reduces LDL Oxidation and Lowers Plasma E-selectin Concentration in NIDDM Patients (1998)

Troglitazone, an oral antidiabetic agent with antioxidant properties, has previously been shown to increase the resistance of LDL to oxidation in vitro and in vivo in healthy volunteers. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in 29 patients with NIDDM, we tested the effect of troglitazone (200 mg once daily) on the resistance of LDL to oxidation and on circulating levels of preformed lipid hydroperoxides and the adhesion molecule E-selectin. Resistance of LDL to oxidation was assessed by measuring 1) fluorescence development induced by copper treatment (lag phase), and 2) amount of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) generated by incubation with umbilical vein endothelial cells. At 8 weeks, the lag phase was increased by 23% (P < 0.01 by analysis of covariance [ANCOVA]) in the patients receiving troglitazone (n = 18) compared with the group receiving placebo (n = 11). At the same time, TBARS were 3.63 +/- 0.10 nmol/l (vs. 5.32 +/- 0.10 nmol/l in the placebo group, P = 0.009), LDL hydroperoxide concentration was reduced from 1.48 +/- 0.03 to 1.19 +/- 0.03 ng/mg (no change in the placebo group, P < 0.01), and plasma E-selectin levels decreased from 56.5 +/- 2.33 to 43.7 +/- 1.77 microg/l (no change in the placebo group, P < 0.01). In NIDDM, troglitazone may slow down the development of atherosclerosis by modifying LDL-related atherogenic events.
Lube oil analysis: a cost-effective preventive maintenance tool (1977)

Comprehensive analysis of lubricating oil is a reliable, inexpensive preventive maintenance tool that has proven its value in significantly reducing maintenance expenditures, contends Lymco Laboratories, Inc. Interpretation of test results by expert analysts provides information that can be used to optimize lubrication intervals, schedule downtime for routine maintenance or major overhaul, avoid unscheduled downtime and catastrophic failures, and minimize production outages. The information generated by an oil analysis program reflects the condition of the machinery and the lube oil and the environment in which the machine operates.
Developing Engineering Ontology for Information Retrieval (2008)

When engineering content is created and applied during the product life cycle, it is often stored and forgotten. Since search remains word based, engineers do not have the effective means to harness and reuse past designs and experiences. Current information retrieval approaches based on statistical methods and keyword matching do not satisfy users’ needs in the engineering domain. Therefore, we propose a new computational framework that includes an ontological basis and algorithms to retrieve unstructured engineering documents while handling complex queries. The results from the preliminary test demonstrate that our method outperforms the traditional keyword-based search with respect to the standard information retrieval measurement.
Factors affecting the photochemical treatment of hazardous waste (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFactors affecting the photochemical treatment of hazardous wasteRichard G. ZeppCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1988, 22, 3, 256–257Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00168a003https://doi.org/10.1021/es00168a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views143Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polygonal Deformation of Roll-Covering Rubber. (In Case Viscoelastic Deformation of a Pair of Rolls is Taken into Account). (1993)

The rubber surface of a smoother roll in a paper-making machine is deformed into a certain convex polygon at a high nipforce and a an operating speed at which the rotating rolls are in contact with each other. This paper describes the theoretical analysis and the numerical computational results taking the viscoelastical deformation of the rubber surfaces of a pair of rolls into account, regarding this vibration phenomenon as instability due to the time lag. The authors found from the numerical calculation that (1) the influence of the rotating speed of rolls and the rigidity of the roll supports on the stability is the same as that for the case treated in the previous report, in which one of two rolls does not deform ; (2) this instability phenomenon tends to occur as the hardness of the opposite roll increases ; and (3) the unstable regions are classified into two types according to differences between roll diameters.
Rapid prototyping of a co-processor based engine knock detection system (2002)

Rapid prototyping advances to a key validation instrument in recent embedded system designs, especially automotive applications, impose stringent cost and timing constraints on the system designer. We present the prototype generation of a combustion engine knock detection system composed of a main engine control unit and the co-processor FILU with add-on DSP capabilities. We demonstrate that the employment of our prototyping environment REPLICA (Real time Execution Platform for Intermodule Communication Architectures) will provide a smooth prototype migration throughout the whole design process.
Development of an Efficient Pd-Catalyzed Coupling Process for Axitinib (2013)

The manufacturing process of axitinib (1) involves two Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions, a Migita coupling and a Heck reaction. Optimization of both of these pivotal bond-formation steps is discussed as well as the approach to control impurities in axitinib. Essential to the control strategy was the optimization of the Heck reaction to minimize formation of impurities, in addition to the development of an efficient isolation of crude axitinib to purge impurities.
Holographic Beamsplitter For Multiple Plane Wave Formation With Matched Phasefronts (1989)

The design and fabrication of a holographic beamsplitter that will produce multiple phase and amplitude matched output beams from a collimated laser beam is discussed. Multiple exposures are recorded in a dichromated gelatin (DCG) plate to make the output beams seem to emanate from a single point with high diffraction efficiency and low scattering. During fabrication, a technique was developed to verify that the relative phasefronts of all the output beams are matched. The holograting can be designed such that any relative phase, amplitude and angle between the output beams as well as different recording/readout wavelengths can be specified for a variety of applications. A deterministic method of calculating the optimum Bragg angles for the recording beams has been developed to compensate for the wavelength shift between the recording laser and the readout laser. A special emphasis is given to the application of using a laser diode for readout. Specifically, a double grating method is utilized for making the element less sensitive to wavelength drift common to laser diodes. A single small component has been fabricated with output beams in-line with respect to the input beam axis such that it can be configured into compact and rugged optical systems.
General population norms for the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Kidney Symptom Index (FKSI) (2012)

The NFKSI-19 and its subscales now have scores for the general US population, allowing comparability to generic questionnaires such as the SF-36 and PROMIS-29. These data can be used to guide treatment expectations and plan future comparative effectiveness research using the scales.
Six Thousand Electrochemical Cycles of Double-Walled Silicon Nanotube Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries (2011)

Despite remarkable progress, lithium ion batteries still need higher energy density and better cycle life for consumer electronics, electric drive vehicles and large-scale renewable energy storage applications. Silicon has recently been explored as a promising anode material for high energy batteries; however, attaining long cycle life remains a significant challenge due to materials pulverization during cycling and an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase. Here, we report double-walled silicon nanotube electrodes that can cycle over 6000 times while retaining more than 85% of the initial capacity. This excellent performance is due to the unique double-walled structure in which the outer silicon oxide wall confines the inner silicon wall to expand only inward during lithiation, resulting in a stable solid-electrolyte interphase. This structural concept is general and could be extended to other battery materials that undergo large volume changes.
2D BubbleUp: Managing Parallel Disks for Media Servers (1998)

In this study we present a scheme called two-dimensional BubbleUp (2DB) for managing parallel disks in a multimedia server. Its goal is to reduce initial latency for interactive multimedia applications, while balancing disk loads to maintain high throughput. The 2DB scheme consists of a data placement and a request scheduling policy. The data placement policy replicates frequently accessed data and places them cyclically throughout the disks. The request scheduling policy attempts to maintain free &quot;service slots&quot; in the immediate future. These slots can then be used to quickly service newly arrived requests. Through examples and simulation, we show that our scheme significantly reduces initial latency and maintains throughput comparable to that of the traditional schemes. Keywords: multimedia, data replication, initial latency, disk array. 1 Introduction Media servers are designed to provide large numbers of presentations in the form of audios, movies or news clips. These servers need...
The eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase GCN2 protects against hepatotoxicity during asparaginase treatment (2013)

Asparaginase is an important drug in the treatment regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Asparaginase depletes circulating asparagine and glutamine, activating an amino acid stress response (AAR) involving phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) by general control nonderepressible kinase 2 (GCN2). We hypothesized that GCN2 functions to mitigate hepatic stress during asparaginase therapy by activating the AAR. To test this idea, C57BL/6J wild-type mice (Gcn2(+/+)) and those deleted for Gcn2 (Gcn2(-/-)) were injected with asparaginase or saline excipient one time daily for 1 or 6 days. In liver, increased phosphorylation of eIF2 and mRNA expression of AAR target genes activating transcription factor 4, asparagine synthetase, eIF4E-binding protein 1, and CAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein were significantly blunted or blocked in the liver of Gcn2(-/-) mice. Loss of AAR during asparaginase coincided with increases in mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, hepatic triglyceride accumulation, and DNA damage in association with genetic markers of oxidative stress (glutathione peroxidase) and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor alpha-α). Although asparaginase depleted circulating asparagine in both Gcn2(+/+) and Gcn2(-/-) mice, all other amino acids, including plasma glutamine, were elevated in the plasma of Gcn2(-/-) mice. This study shows that loss of GCN2 promotes oxidative stress and inflammatory-mediated DNA damage during asparaginase therapy, suggesting that patients with reduced or dysfunctional AAR may be at risk of developing hepatic complications during asparaginase treatment.
Combining time-delayed decorrelation and ICA : towards solving the cocktail party problem (1998)

We present methods to separate blindly mixed signals recorded in a room. The learning algorithm is based on the information maximization in a single layer neural network. We focus on the implementation of the learning algorithm and on issues that arise when separating speakers in room recordings. We used an infomax approach in a feedforward neural network implemented in the frequency domain using the polynomial filter matrix algebra technique. Fast convergence speed was achieved by using a time-delayed decorrelation method as a preprocessing step. Under minimum-phasemixing conditions this preprocessing step was sufficient for the separation of signals. These methods successfully separated a recorded voice with music in the background (cocktail party problem). Finally, we discuss problems that arise in real world recordings and their potential solutions. 1. INTRODUCTION In a cocktail party, the problem is to focus one&apos;s listening attention on a single talker among a din of conversation...
Passive mode locking of a Nd: YVO _4 laser with an extra-long optical resonator (2003)

We describe a mode-locked, diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser with a very long optical cavity operating at 1064 nm. High-modulation, InGaAs quantum-well, semiconductor saturable-absorber mirrors were used for passive mode locking, providing a stable train of 13-ps pulses. A novel zero-q-transformation multipass cell provided a variable-length optical cavity as much as 100 m long. The output beam had M2 < 1.1 at average powers of 4.1, 3.9, and 3.5 W at repetition rates of 4.1, 2.6, and 1.5 MHz, respectively. To the best of our knowledge the last of these is the lowest repetition rate ever generated directly from a mode-locked nonfiber solid-state laser without cavity dumping.
FinFET scaling to 10 nm gate length (2003)

While the selection of new "backbone" device structure in the era of post-planar CMOS is open to a few candidates, FinFET and its variants show great potential in scalability and manufacturability for nanoscale CMOS. In this paper we report the design, fabrication, performance, and integration issues of double-gate FinFETs with the physical gate length being aggressively shrunk down to 10 nm and the fin width down to 12 nm. These MOSFETs are believed to be the smallest double-gate transistors ever fabricated. Excellent short-channel performance is observed in devices with a wide range of gate lengths (10/spl sim/105 nm). The observed short-channel behavior outperforms any reported single-gate silicon MOSFETs. Due to the [110] channel crystal orientation, hole mobility in the fabricated p-channel FinFET exceeds greatly that in a traditional planar MOSFET. At 105 nm gate length, the p-channel FinFET shows a record-high transconductance of 633 /spl mu/S//spl mu/m at a V/sub dd/ of 1.2 V. Working CMOS FinFET inverters are also demonstrated.
A review of genetic differences between limited and extensively passaged human cytomegalovirus strains (2001)

The complete genetic content of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been difficult to determine, since most strains studied in the laboratory have been extensively passaged in human fibroblast cultures which can change the genetic content as well as the biological properties of the virus. Approximately 13 kb of novel DNA sequences located near the right edge of the unique long (UL) component of the genome has been discovered in Toledo, clinical isolates and certain stocks of Towne. This region of novel sequence, designated the UL/b' region, encodes several interesting proteins including vCXC-1, a potent IL-8 homologue, and UL144, a member of the TNF receptor family. This region is missing from the prototypic laboratory variants of Towne and AD169. In contrast to Toledo and other low passage isolates which have relatively small repeats bracketing the UL component, the Towne and AD169 laboratory variants contain large (>10 kb) b/b' repeats. The large size of these repeats in AD169 and Towne appear to have arisen as compensation for the loss of sequences from the UL/b' region that existed in less passaged variants of these strains. Consequently, many of the haploid genes at the left edge of the prototypic wild-type (wt) UL component are diploid in AD169 and Towne. We hypothesise that this plasticity of the genome at the right edge of the UL component results from extensive passage and adaptation to replication in fibroblasts in vitro. Further work will be required to understand the complete genetic content of wt HCMV.
Concept of a Molecular Charge Storage Dielectric Layer for Organic Thin‐Film Memory Transistors (2010)

A mixed self-assembled monolayer containing aliphatic and electron-accepting (C60) components is employed as an ultrathin molecular gate dielectric to facilitate reversible, nonvolatile electronic memory functionality in organic transistors at low supply voltages. By adjusting the stoichiometry of the monolayer components, the transistor and memory characteristics can be tuned. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Phosphorylation of Caveolin-1 Regulates Oxidant–Induced Pulmonary Vascular Permeability via Paracellular and Transcellular Pathways (2009)

Caveolin-1 phosphorylation-dependent signaling plays a crucial role in oxidative stress-induced pulmonary vascular hyperpermeability via transcellular and paracellular pathways. Thus, caveolin-1 phosphorylation may be an important therapeutic target for limiting oxidant-mediated vascular hyperpermeability, protein-rich edema formation, and acute lung injury.