gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi‐gene engineering: Simultaneous expression and knockdown of six genes off a single platform (2006)

Increases in our understanding of gene function have greatly expanded the repertoire of possible genetic interventions at our disposal with the consequence that many genetic engineering applications require multiple manipulations in which target genes can be both overexpressed and silenced in a simple and co-ordinated manner. Using synthetic introns as a source of encoding short-interfering RNA (siRNA), we demonstrate that it is possible to simultaneously express both a transgene and siRNA from a single polymerase (Pol) II promoter. By encoding siRNA as an intron between two protein domains requiring successful splicing for functionality, it was possible to demonstrate that splicing was occurring, that the coding genes (exonic transgenes) resulted in functional protein, and that the spliced siRNA-containing lariat was capable of modulating expression of a separate target gene. We subsequently extended this concept to develop pTRIDENT-based multi-cistronic vectors that were capable of co-ordinated expression of up to three siRNAs and three transgenes off a single genetic platform. Such multi-gene engineering technology, enabling concomitant transgene overexpression and target gene knockdown, should be useful for therapeutic, biopharmaceutical production, and basic research applications.
On Correlating Performance Metrics. (2001)

Performance metrics and their measurements are the basis of identifying and addressing computer performance related issues, from monitoring to capacity planning. IT professionals and performance analysts often face the questions of what metrics to look at, whether those metrics are related, and how to group them in meaningful way for further analysis, e.g., workload characterization. In this paper we present a number of techniques for correlating performance metrics, which could be sampled at different rates, at different lengths and overlapping intervals, and with different response times to a common system event. We also discuss how to assess the reliability of the correlations we compute and how to efficiently find relationships of interest. 1.
Parcel manipulation and dynamics with a distributed actuator array: the virtual vehicle (2002)

We are developing a materials handling system where many small simple actuators cooperate to transport and to manipulate large objects in the plane. A discrete set of cells, each comprising two actuators, are fixed in a planar array. By coordinating the actuators in the cells on which an object rests, an object can be transported and manipulated. In essence, this system is an improvement over traditional conveyor systems in that objects can be re-oriented, as well as conveyed. Such an array provides flexible materials handling in which many objects independently can be manipulated and transported at the same time. The array is coordinated in a distributed manner where each cell has its own controller and each controller communicates with its neighbors. Towards the goal of motion planning, in this paper we consider the dynamics of parcel transport and manipulation. The parcel dynamics are based on an exact discrete representation of the system, unlike other methods where a continuity assumption is made. Two types of contact models are considered.
The effects of saponin from Sapindus rarak fruit on rumen microbes and performance of sheep (2014)

Eighteen local sheep weighing approximately 15 kg were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups . All animals received a mixture of elephant and native grasses (50 :50) ad libitum + concentrate (0.5% of liveweight) . The treatments given were : (1) no additive, (II) addition of placebo and (III) addition of methanol-extracted Sapindus rarak fruit (MES) at level of 0.07% of liveweight. Placebo and MES were given orally every 3 days . Feeding treatments were conducted for 14 weeks . Rumen liquor of all animals were collected in the third week "and observed for rumen ecosystem and ruminal digestibility . Bodyweight gain and feed consumption were measured . The results showed that MES eliminates the protozoal population by 57% and sequently increases bacterial population by 69% when compared to control (1). Lowered protozoa population has no effect on lactic acid and total volatile fatty acids productions, and a consequence, does not change pH (Pa0.05) . However, lowered protozoa population decreased NH3-N content (P0 .05) . Cumulative gas production resulting from substrate (rice straw) fermented by rumen liquor from sheep fed MES-added diet (III) increased by 13% when compared to control (1)). Compared to control (I), average daily gain of sheep fed MES-added diet (111) is increased by 44% with an improved efficiency by 28%. Â Keywords : Saponin, protozoa, bacteria, performance of sheep
Feedback to maintain injection locking of Nd:YAG lasers (1984)

It has been previously shown that stable, narrowband operation of Nd :YAG lasers can be achieved by injection seeding, provided the detuning between the slave and injection lasers is sufficiently small. We have found a new simple method of monitoring this detuning which can be used to maintain stable operation for hours at a time.
Autoxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes (1982)

Autoxidation of pure soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes at 40 C was found to proceed without an observed induction period, but otherwise, the rates of disappearance of the linoleic acid (70% of total) and linolenic acid (6% of total) followed typical autocatalytic kinetics. Incorporation of 0.05 mol % of tocopherol into the liposomes produced an induction period of about 7 hr under the condition used for the incubation. The products formed from the autoxidation of pure soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes were mostly 9- and 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoates (isolated as hydroxy esters). The yield of hydroperoxides with cis,trans configuration was about the same as those with trans,trans configuration throughout incubation period. After extensive autoxidation, a large quantity of trihydroxyoctadecenoate was also produced. When a large quantity of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine was incorporated into soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes, the rate of autoxidation decreased and was found to conform to apparent first-order kinetics. In this system, the yield of trans,trans hydroperoxides was much greater than that of cis,trans isomers at all stages of autoxidation. Late in the autoxidation of the mixed liposomes, both trihydroxyoctadecenoate and hydroxyepoxyoctadecenoate were produced in substantial quantities.
The Gospel of Matthew's Dependence on the Didache (2005)

The vibration patterns of the human eardrum in vivo have been recorded by time average electronic speckle pattern interferometry--ESPI. The necessary stability was achieved by shortening the exposure time of each TV frame. The amplitude--and phasedistribution was mapped across the drum by phase-modulation techniques which also could show the vibrations in slow motion. By photoelectric detection of the TV image intensity, amplitudes down to 2 nm could be measured. Preliminary results are presented.
Electroacupuncture reduces the evoked responses of the spinal dorsal horn neurons in ankle-sprained rats (2011)

Acupuncture is shown to be effective in producing analgesia in ankle sprain pain in humans and animals. To examine the underlying mechanisms of the acupuncture-induced analgesia, the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on weight-bearing forces (WBR) of the affected foot and dorsal horn neuron activities were examined in a rat model of ankle sprain. Ankle sprain was induced manually by overextending ligaments of the left ankle in the rat. Dorsal horn neuron responses to ankle movements or compression were recorded from the lumbar spinal cord using an in vivo extracellular single unit recording setup 1 day after ankle sprain. EA was applied to the SI-6 acupoint on the right forelimb (contralateral to the sprained ankle) by trains of electrical pulses (10 Hz, 1-ms pulse width, 2-mA intensity) for 30 min. After EA, WBR of the sprained foot significantly recovered and dorsal horn neuron activities were significantly suppressed in ankle-sprained rats. However, EA produced no effect in normal rats. The inhibitory effect of EA on hyperactivities of dorsal horn neurons of ankle-sprained rats was blocked by the α-adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine (5 mg/kg ip) but not by the opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone (10 mg/kg ip). These data suggest that EA-induced analgesia in ankle sprain pain is mediated mainly by suppressing dorsal horn neuron activities through α-adrenergic descending inhibitory systems at the spinal level.
A One-Step Homogeneous Sandwich Immunosensor for Salmonella Detection Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) and Quantum Dots (QDs) (2013)

Simple immuno-magnetic separation tandem fluorescent probes based on quantum dots-antibody (QDs-Ab) were developed to detect Salmonella with sensitivity of 500 cfu mL-1. With two monoclonal antibodies, which recognize different antigenic determinant on the surface of Salmonella, we prepared antibody-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and conjugates of QDs-Ab. The immune-magnetic beads were verified with high enrichment efficiency for Salmonella (90%). A sandwich structure formed if the Salmonella solution was mixed together with immune-beads and QDs-Ab, and the fluorescent single from QDs was related to the amount of Salmonella. A linear response between fluorescence intensity and various concentrations of Salmonella (2.5 × 103 to 1.95 × 108 cfu mL-1) were observed with this proposed method. The total assay time for Salmonella was 30 min, and no cross-reaction to other microbial strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7), were found using this detection system. All our results showed that the simple homogeneous immunoassay could be applied in Salmonella screening without time-consuming extra-enrichment of bacteria.
Growth, diffusion, and loss of subsurface ice on Mars : experiments and models (2008)

Innovative experiments and models are used to explore the behavior of subsurface ice on Mars. Through communication with the atmosphere, the porous regolith of Mars hosts significant quantities of ice which grow, evolve, and are lost in response to climate changes. As a controlling property of rate of ice response to a changing equilibrium state, the diffusive properties of several regolith simulants are measured in Mars-like environments. Ice loss through a variety of particle sizes, particle size distributions, packing densities, and salt contents are examined and reveal that many unconsolidated media exhibit diffusion coefficients in the range of 2-6 cm2 s-1, indicating a response time on the order of several thousand years for ice within the upper meter of the regolith. Only high salt contents or mechanically packed micron-sized dust are observed to exhibit substantially lower coefficients, suggesting that strong diffusive barriers may not form as readily as previously invoked. The growth of ice directly from vapor under diffusive control is reproduced for Mars-like environmental conditions in the absence of the liquid phase. As predicted, ice deposits preferentially at grain contact points and the ice table interface is sharp and strongly controlled by near-surface temperature perturbations. The quantity of ice deposited as a function of depth and time accords well with new numerical models of vapor diffusion and ice deposition, though constriction of the pore space reduces the diffusion coefficient faster than originally expected. A numerical model incorporating a fast solution to subsurface ice growth predicts near-surface ice contents for the last 300,000 years of Mars' history at high latitude locations, including specifically the Phoenix landing site. Several parameterizations of constriction developed from laboratory observations of ice growth are employed and compared. The thickness of the ice-free layer above the ice table has the strongest effect on the quantity of ice accumulated, though subsurface massive ice sheets and ice-free porosities also affect the ice profile. If predicted ice loss events have emptied the upper 0.5-1.0 m of regolith prior to 300,000 years ago, pore ice formed through diffusive processes will have been unable to fill the most rapidly accumulating depths with ice in this time unless ice-saturated regolith exists within ~0.5 m of the surface. Predictions of these experiments and models will be tested by the imminent arrival of the Phoenix Mars Lander and future Mars missions.
Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Novel Lanthanide(III) β-Diketone Complexes with Nitrogen <i>p</i>,<i>p</i>‘-Disubstituted Aromatic Ligands (2005)

Tris-beta-diketonate lanthanide(III) complexes (Ln = Eu, Er, Yb, Tb), of general formula [Ln(acac)3 L(m)], with chelating ligands such as 4,7-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolines and 4,4'-disubstituted-2,2'-bipyridines, have been synthesized and fully characterized. The inductive effects of the para-substituents on the aromatic N-donor ligands have been investigated both in the solid and in the solution states. Single-crystal X-ray structures have been determined for the diethyl 1,10-phenanthroline-4,7-dicarboxylate europium and 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine erbium derivatives, revealing a distorted square antiprismatic geometry around the lanthanide atom in both cases. The influence exerted by the p,p'-substituents with respect to the nitrogen coordinating atoms on the Ln-N bond distances is discussed comparing the geometrical parameters with those found for the crystal structures containing the fragments [Ln(III)(phen)] and [Ln(III)(bipy)] obtained from the Cambridge Structural Database. The influence exerted by the electron-attracting groups on the coordination ability of the ligands, that in some cases becomes lack of coordination of the lanthanide ions, has been also detected in solution where the loss of the ligand has been followed by UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the use of relatively long alkoxy chains as substituents on the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand led to the formation of a promesogenic lanthanide complex, whose thermal behavior is encouraging for the synthesis of new lanthanide liquid-crystalline species.
Characterization of the macrophages associated with the tunica vasculosa lentis of the rat eye. (2002)

The cells surrounding the developing lens that are postulated to play a role in regression of the TVL have the morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of resident tissue macrophages similar to those previously identified in the adult rodent uveal tract and the vitreous (hyalocytes). This phenotype differs from that of dendritic cells and microglia; however, it is postulated that lens-associated macrophages are ideally located to act as a source of retinal microglia after completion of their role in TVL regression.
Temporal Components of the Motor Patterns Expressed by the Human Spinal Cord Reflect Foot Kinematics (2003)

What are the building blocks with which the human spinal cord constructs the motor patterns of locomotion? In principle, they could correspond to each individual activity pattern in dozens of different muscles. Alternatively, there could exist a small set of constituent temporal components that are common to all activation patterns and reflect global kinematic goals. To address this issue, we studied patients with spinal injury trained to step on a treadmill with body weight support. Patients learned to produce foot kinematics similar to that of healthy subjects but with activity patterns of individual muscles generally different from the control group. Hidden in the muscle patterns, we found a basic set of five temporal components, whose flexible combination accounted for the wide range of muscle patterns recorded in both controls and patients. Furthermore, two of the components were systematically related to foot kinematics across different stepping speeds and loading conditions. We suggest that the components are related to control signals output by spinal pattern generators, normally under the influence of descending and afferent inputs.
Epithelial-mesenchymal signalling regulating tooth morphogenesis (2003)

Teeth develop as ectodermal appendages in vertebrate embryos, and their early development resembles morphologically as well as molecularly other organs such as hairs and glands. Interactions between the ectoderm and underlying mesenchyme constitute a central mechanism regulating the morphogenesis of
The diffusion of fast ions in Ohmic TFTR discharges (1991)

Short duration (20 msec) neutral deuterium beams are injected into the TFTR tokamak [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (IAEA, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 51]. The subsequent confinement, thermalization, and diffusion of the beam ions are studied with multichannel neutron and charge exchange diagnostics. The central fast-ion diffusion (&lt;0.05 m2/sec ) is an order of magnitude smaller than typical thermal transport coefficients.
Enhancing application robustness in Infrastructure-as-a-Service clouds (2011)

We propose OX, a runtime system that uses application-level availability constraints and application topologies discovered on the fly to enhance resilience to infrastructure anomalies for cloud applications. OX allows application owners to specify groups of highly available virtual machines. To discover application topologies, OX monitors network traffic among virtual machines, transparently. Based on this information, OX builds on-line topology graphs for applications and automatically partitions these graphs across the infrastructure to enforce availability constraints and optimize communication between virtual machines.
Polymorphisms of the Human <i>NRAMP1</i> Gene are Associated With Response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Immunotherapy for Superficial Bladder Cancer (2006)

These data suggest the implication of the NRAMP1 gene in bladder cancer recurrence and response to BCG immunotherapy.
Synthesis of Cluster N-Glycosides Based on a -Cyclodextrin Core (1999)

A convenient method for the synthesis of cluster glycopyranosylamines based on β-cyclodextrin is presented (see diagram).
Liposomes as targetable drug carriers. (1985)

The general problem of targeted drug transport is critically reviewed and three principle components of targeted systems are discussed: the target, the vector molecule, and the carrier. Different systems of drug targeting are briefly described: local drug application, chemical modification of the drug molecule, physical targeting under the action of pH, temperature, or magnetic field. The idea of a vector molecule is discussed and different methods of vector molecule coupling with the drug are reviewed (direct coupling, coupling via spacer group or polymer molecule, etc.). It is shown that the most promising approach seems to be the use of a drug-containing microcontainer with the vector molecule immobilized on its outer surface. Different types of microcontainers are briefly described: microcapsules, cell hosts, and liposomes. The advantages of liposomes as drug containers are shown and the main problems of their use for drug targeting in vitro and in vivo conditions are discussed. One of the most important problems is the problem of vector molecule immobilization on liposome surfaces. The principle four different immobilization methods: adsorbtion, incorporation, covalent binding, and hydrophobic binding. Targeted liposome transport is described in model systems, cell cultures, and experimental animals. It is shown that targeted liposomes may release a drug via diffusion, lysis, or endocytosis by appropriate cells. The problems of targeted liposome technology and clinical application are analyzed.
Inositol Hexaphosphate and Paclitaxel: Symbiotic Treatment of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2007)

IP6 reduces paclitaxel induced NF-kappaB activation and increases paclitaxel-mediated cell killing and apoptosis. As a well-tolerated and safe supplement, IP6 deserves further study in the treatment of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
<i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> as indicator for aggressive periodontitis by two analysing strategies (2007)

A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in higher numbers and frequency in aggressive than in ChP. Its detection may confirm the clinical diagnosis and influence therapy. As a diagnostic test, its sensitivity and predictive value was low.
[Expression of trophinin in human oocytes and preimplantation embryos]. (2008)

Trophinin may play an important role in human embryo implantation by mediating homophilic adhesion between the embryo and the endometrium during the implantation window.
Combinative motion estimation algorithm and the corresponding architecture for complex motion phenomenon (1998)

By combining the features of block matching algorithm and block recursive algorithm a new motion estimation method is proposed for the complex motion phenomenon. With the full searching procedure used in the block matching algorithm and the adaptive searching procedure used in the block recursive algorithm, the proposed combinative algorithm can estimate more complex motion parameters such as translation, zoom, rotation and image deformation resulting in a good performance. To reduce the computational complexity, the corresponding architecture of the combinative algorithm is also proposed. With this architecture the computation requirements can be largely reduced to make the proposed algorithm suitable for real time motion estimation.
Realtime Camera Tracking in the MATRIS Project (2007)

In order to insert a virtual object into a TV image, the graphics system needs to know precisely how the camera is moving, so that the virtual object can be rendered in the correct place in every frame. Nowadays this can be achieved relatively easily in post-production, or in a studio equipped with a special tracking system. However, for live shooting on location, or in a studio that is not specially equipped, installing such a system can be difficult or uneconomic. To overcome these limitations, the MATRIS project is developing a real-time system for measuring the movement of a camera. The system uses image analysis to track naturally occurring features in the scene, and data from an inertial sensor. No additional sensors, special markers, or camera mounts are required. This paper gives an overview of the system and presents some results.
Green, Catalytic Oxidation of Alcohols in Water (2000)

Alcohol oxidations are typically performed with stoichiometric reagents that generate heavy-metal waste and are usually run in chlorinated solvents. A water-soluble palladium(II) bathophenanthroline complex is a stable recyclable catalyst for the selective aerobic oxidation of a wide range of alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids in a biphasic water-alcohol system. The use of water as a solvent and air as the oxidant makes the reaction interesting from both an economic and environmental point of view.