gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 on proliferation and apoptosis of mononuclear cells of cord blood]. (2004)

To explore the mechanism of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) effect on umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells proliferation and apoptosis, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyurine (BrdU) incorporation assay was adopted to detect effect of TGF-beta1 on synthesis of DNA in cells. Western blot method was used to examine effect of TGF-beta1 on expression of cyclin A, Cyclin D1, CDK2 and CDK4 in G1 phase of cell cycle. Giemsa staining and flow cytometry (FCM) were performed to detected effect of TGF-beta1 on cell apoptosis. The results showed that (1) after culture of cells with IMDM containing 10% FBS, 10% FBS + 1 ng/ml TGF-beta1, 10% FBS + 2 ng/ml TGF-beta1 or 10% FBS + 5 ng/ml TGF-beta1 for 12 hours the OD values of TGF-beta1 group were significantly lower than control group (P <0.01); after culture for 24 hours the OD values of 1 ng/ml TGF-beta1 group had no significant difference compared with control group (P >0.05), but the OD values of 2 ng/ml and 5 ng/ml TGF-beta1 groups were significantly lower than control group (P <0.05). (2) 2 ng/ml TGF-beta1 could significantly inhibit the production of cyclin A, cyclin D1, CDK2 and CDK4, the protein levels were significantly lower than control group. (3) when the cells were co-cultured with 2 ng/ml TGF-beta1 for 12 and 24 hours, Giemsa staining and FCM detection could display typical apoptosis, the apoptosis rates were 14.42% and 31.98%, while apoptosis rate in control were 4.71% and 5.76%. It is concluded that TGF-beta1 can inhibit production of G1 cyclins and CDKs of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells, arrest cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis. Thus, TGF-beta1 may be an important negative modulator in hematopoiesis.
Phytate and phytase in fish nutrition (2011)

Phytate formed during maturation of plant seeds and grains is a common constituent of plant-derived fish feed. Phytate-bound phosphorus (P) is not available to gastric or agastric fish. A major concern about the presence of phytate in the aquafeed is its negative effect on growth performance, nutrient and energy utilization, and mineral uptake. Bound phytate-P, can be effectively converted to available-P by phytase. During the last decade, phytase has been used by aqua feed industries to enhance the growth performance, nutrient utilization and bioavailability of macro and micro minerals in fish and also to reduce the P pollution into the aquatic environment. Phytase activity is highly dependent on the pH of the fish gut. Unlike mammals, fish are either gastric or agastric, and hence, the action of dietary phytase varies from species to species. In comparison to poultry and swine production, the use of phytase in fish feed is still in an unproven stage. This review discusses effects of phytate on fish, dephytinisation processes, phytase and pathway for phytate degradation, phytase production systems, mode of phytase application, bioefficacy of phytase, effects of phytase on growth performance, nutrient utilization and aquatic environment pollution, and optimum dosage of phytase in fish diets.
Molecular association in sodium, potassium, and cesium vapors at high temperatures (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular association in sodium, potassium, and cesium vapors at high temperaturesCurtis T. Ewing, Jack Porter Stone, J. R. Spann, and Roman Rodney MillerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 3, 473–477Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100862a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100862a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views243Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Automated inspection of electronic assemblies (1974)

Automated Visual Inspection Systems for electronic assemblies have been investigated. Three major phases have been researched: scanning devices, software algorithms, and possible computer systems.
Open Planning, Scheduling and Constraint Management Architectures (1995)

The development of open planning and scheduling systems seeks to (i) support incremental extension and change, and (ii) facilitate communication between processing agents (both computer and human). This paper presents the open planning and scheduling approach adopted in the O-Plan and tosca systems at the Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute (aiai) in Edinburgh. The purpose is to bring together a description of the concepts developed at aiai and to relate them in a common framework. References to more detailed descriptions are provided. The paper describes: 1. the key characteristics of the open planning and scheduling systems developed at aiai; 2. the basis of the separation of the constraint elements in planning and scheduling tasks, distinguishing a high-level model of what remains to be done, a user level view of the plan/schedule entities and the low-level detailed constraints; 3. generic constraint managers for planning and scheduling including time constraint, plan st...
THz-photomixer based on quasi-ballistic transport (2005)

We report on a novel concept for THz photomixers with high conversion efficiency up to several THz. In contrast to the conventional pin photomixer we can overcome the trade-off between either optimizing transit-time or RC-roll-off. Using quasi-ballistic transport in nano-pin-diodes the transport path can be optimized regarding both path length and transit time. Independently, the capacitance can be kept small by using a sufficiently large number of optimized nano-pin-diodes in series. The concept is presented in detail and first experimental results are reported which corroborate our theoretical expectations.
Sesquiterpenes and Butenolides, Natural Anti-HIV Constituents from<i>Litsea verticillata</i> (2005)

In a continuing investigation, six sesquiterpenes, as well as five butenolides were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Litsea verticillata Hance (Lauraceae). Among the isolates, three were determined to be new sesquiterpenes: isolitseanes A (1), B (2) and C (3); three known sesquiterpenes were identified as oxyphyllenodiol B (4), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,5-dimethyl-8-(1-methylethyl)-1,2-naphthalenediol (5), and chromolaevanedione (6). The butenolides include the novel litseabutenolide (9) and four known compounds: 3- epi-litsenolide D2 (7), cis-listenolide D1 (8), 4-hydroxy-2-methylbut-2-enolide (10), and hydroxydihydrobovolide (11). Isolates 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10 and 11 were found to inhibit HIV-1 replication in a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based reporter cell line (HOG.R5) with IC50 values of 38.1, 54.6, 91.0, 9.9, 40.3, 129.8, and 122.7 microM, respectively. Structure elucidation and identification were based on spectroscopic means including 1D and 2D NMR analyses.
Dichloroacetate improves cardiac efficiency after ischemia independent of changes in mitochondrial proton leak (2001)

Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a pyruvate dehydrogenase activator that increases cardiac efficiency during reperfusion of ischemic hearts. We determined whether DCA increases efficiency of mitochondrial ATP production by measuring proton leak in mitochondria from isolated working rat hearts subjected to 30 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. In untreated hearts, cardiac work and efficiency decreased during reperfusion to 26% and 40% of preischemic values, respectively. Membrane potential was significantly lower in mitochondria from reperfused (175.6 +/- 2.2 mV) versus aerobic (185.8 +/- 3.1 mV) hearts. DCA (1 mM added at reperfusion) improved recovery of cardiac work (1.9-fold) and efficiency (1.5-fold) but had no effect on mitochondrial membrane potential (170.6 +/- 2.9 mV). At the maximal attainable membrane potential, O(2) consumption (nmol O(2) x mg(-1) x min(-1)) did not differ between untreated or DCA-treated hearts (128.3 +/- 7.5 and 120.6 +/- 7.6, respectively) but was significantly greater than aerobic hearts (76.6 +/- 7.6). During reperfusion, DCA increased glucose oxidation 2.5-fold and decreased H(+) production from glucose metabolism to 53% of untreated hearts. Because H(+) production decreases cardiac efficiency, we suggest that DCA increases cardiac efficiency during reperfusion of ischemic hearts by increasing the efficiency of ATP use and not by increasing the efficiency of ATP production.
Power handling and related frequency scaling advantages in piezoelectric AlN contour-mode MEMS resonators (2009)

This paper reports on the analytical modeling and experimental verification of the mechanically-limited power handling and nonlinearity in piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) contour-mode resonators (CMR) having different electrode configurations (thickness field excitation, lateral field excitation, one-port and two-port configurations) and operating at different frequencies (177-3047 MHz). Despite its simplicity, the one-dimensional analytical model fits the experimental behavior of AlN CMRs in terms of power handling capabilities. The model and experiment also confirm the advantage of scaling (i.e. miniaturizing) the AlN CMRs to higher frequencies at which higher critical power density can be more easily attained up to values in excess of 10 ¿W/¿m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> .
A Simple Method for the Prediction of the Detonation Performances of Metal-Containing Explosives (2014)

Accurate prediction to the detonation performances of different kinds of energetic materials has attracted significant attention in the area of high energy density materials (HEDMs). A common approach for the estimation of CHNO explosives is the Kamlet-Jacobs (K-J) equation. However, with the development of energetic materials, the components of explosives are no longer restricted to CHNO elements. In this study, we have extended the K-J equation to the calculation of certain metal-containing explosives. A new empirical method, in which metal elements are assumed to form metallic oxides, has been developed on the basis of the largest exothermic principle. In this method, metal oxides can be deemed as inert solids that release heat other than gases. To evaluate the prediction accuracy of new method, a commercial program EXPLO5 has been employed for the calculation. The difference involved in the ways of treating products has been taken into account, and the detonation parameters from two methods were subject to close comparison. The results suggest that the mean absolute values (MAVs) of relative deviation for detonation velocity (D) and detonation pressure (P) are less than 5%. Overall, this new method has exhibited excellent accuracy and simplicity, affording an efficient way to estimate the performance of explosives without relying on sophisticated computer programs. Therefore, it will be helpful in designing and synthesizing new metallic energetic compounds.
Magnetic oxide films (1969)

Polycrystalline and epitaxial magnetic oxide films have been fabricated by several investigators. This paper deals predominantly with epitaxial films grown by chemical vapor deposition. The majority of the discussion is concerned with substrates, the deposition process, and film characterization. Where possible, comparisons are made with bulk crystals and with films produced by other fabrication techniques.
The Measurement of Particle Size and its Practical Significance in Vat‐dye Quality (1964)

The development is described of a new centrifugal apparatus* and technique of wide applicability in the size analysis of finely divided materials. Use of this technique in the study of vat dyes has explained many features of technical behaviour, and has led to the development of higher‐quality products.
58. The reaction of o-phenylenediamine with αβ-unsaturated acids and with β-keto-esters (1960)

J. Davoll, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 308 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600000308
Review of Printed-Circuit-Board Level EMI/EMC Issues and Tools (2010)

A comprehensive review of printed circuit board (PCB) electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues, analysis techniques, and possible solutions would fill a large book or more. This review takes a quick look at where the technology of PCB EMC control has been, where it is today, and where it needs to go for the future. As data rates on PCBs have increased, new problems have arisen, requiring new analysis techniques and new solutions. Further development will be needed to keep up with the ever-increasing data rates and smaller form factors.
Acceleration of the Body Clearance of Phenobarbital by Oral Activated Charcoal (1982)

We investigated the effect of multiple oral doses of activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered phenobarbital in a randomized crossover trial. Six healthy men volunteered to take 200 mg of phenobarbital sodium per 70 kg of body weight intravenously on two separate occasions. On one occasion, each subject received oral activated charcoal (180 g) in divided doses over three days after the infusion of phenobarbital. Serum levels of phenobarbital were measured in all subjects up to 96 hours after the infusion, and urinary excretion of phenobarbital was measured in two subjects 24 to 96 hours after the infusion. A pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the charcoal decreased the serum half-life of phenobarbital form 110 +/- 8 to 45 +/- 6 hours (S.E.M.) (P less than 0.01), increased the total body clearance of phenobarbital from 4.4 +/- 0.2 to 12.0 +/- 1.6 ml per kilogram per hour (P less than 0.01), and increased the nonrenal clearance from 52 to 80 per cent of the total body clearance. We conclude that oral administration of activated charcoal enhances the nonrenal clearance of phenobarbital.
Coexpression of adult T-cell leukemia-derived factor, a human thioredoxin homologue, and human papillomavirus DNA in neoplastic cervical squamous epithelium (1991)

Adult T-cell leukemia-derived factor (ADF) is an autocrine interleukin-2 receptor-inducing factor produced by human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1)-transformed lymphocytes, which has a high structural homology with an endogenous dithiol reducing coenzyme, thioredoxin. Its localization was investigated immunohistochemically in the cervix, using normal tissue (27 samples) and squamous neoplastic tissue (three condylomas, 42 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] samples, 34 invasive squamous cell carcinoma samples). The expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was also studied in serial sections of the same subjects. Normal squamous cells and glandular cells of the cervix were negative for ADF. However, intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear ADF-positive cells were usually found in the intermediate and superficial layers of the neoplastic squamous epithelium of condylomas (three of three cases) and CIN (35/42 cases). HPV DNA was detected in all condylomas and in 27 of 42 CIN specimens. HPV DNA-positive cells were usually localized in the intermediate and superficial layers of the neoplastic squamous epithelium. These HPV DNA-positive cells were also positive for ADF. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma was also positive for ADF (24/34 cases) and HPV DNA (11/34 cases). The coexpression of HPV DNA and ADF was observed in all HPV DNA-positive cases. Coexistence of HPV DNA and ADF immunopositivity in neoplastic squamous cells of the cervix suggests that ADF expression closely reflects the intracellular event on HPV DNA replication.
Structure of light fields in natural scenes (2009)

Light fields [J. Math. Phys. 18, 51 (1936); The Photic Field (MIT, 1981)] of natural scenes are highly complex and vary within a scene from point to point. However, in many applications complex lighting can be successfully replaced by its low-order approximation [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18, 2448 (2001); Appl. Opt. 46, 7308 (2007)]. The purpose of this research is to investigate the structure of light fields in natural scenes. We describe the structure of light fields in terms of spherical harmonics and analyze their spatial variation and qualitative properties over scenes. We consider several types of natural scene geometries. Empirically and via modeling, we study the typical behavior of the first- and second-order approximation of the local light field in those scenes. The first-order term is generally known as the "light vector" and has an immediate physical meaning. The quadrupole component, which we named "squash tensor," is a useful addition as we show in this paper. The measurements were done with a custom-made device of novel design, called a "Plenopter," which was constructed to measure the light field in terms of spherical harmonics up to the second order. In different scenes of similar geometries, we found structurally similar light fields, which suggests that in some way the light field can be thought of as a property of the geometry. Furthermore, the smooth variation of the light field's low-order components suggests that, instead of specifying the complete light field of the scene, it is often sufficient to measure the light field only in a few points and rely on interpolation to recover the light field at arbitrary points of the scene.
Mammalian synthetic biology – from tools to therapies (2010)

Mammalian synthetic biology holds the promise of providing novel therapeutic strategies, and the first success stories are beginning to be reported. Here we focus on the latest generation of mammalian transgene control devices, highlight state-of-the-art synthetic gene network design, and cover prototype therapeutic circuits. These will have an impact on future gene- and cell-based therapies and help bring drug discovery into a new era. The inventory of biological parts that are essential for life on this planet is becoming increasingly complete. The postgenomic era has provided encyclopedic information on gene-function correlations and systems biology is now delivering comprehensive details on the dynamics of biochemical reaction networks in living organisms. The time has come to reassemble these catalogued items and design new biological devices and systems with novel and useful functionality in a rational and systematic manner. This is the premise of synthetic biology, a constructive systems biology discipline likely to become the life science revolution of the 21(st) century.
Mathematical modelling of the overflowing cylinder experiment (2003)

The overflowing cylinder (OFC) is an experimental apparatus designed to generate a controlled straining flow at a free surface, whose dynamic properties may then be investigated. Surfactant solution is pumped up slowly through a vertical cylinder. On reaching the top, the liquid forms a flat free surface which expands radially before over flowing down the side of the cylinder. The velocity, surface tension and surfactant concentration on the expanding free surface are measured using a variety of non-invasive techniques. A mathematical model for the OFC has been previously derived by Breward et al. (2001) and shown to give satisfactory agreement with experimental results. However, a puzzling indeterminacy in the model renders it unable to predict one scalar parameter (e.g. the surfactant concentration at the centre of the cylinder), which must be therefore be taken from the experiments. In this paper we analyse the OFC model asymptotically and numerically. We show that solutions typically develop one of two possible singularities. In the first, the surface concentration of surfactant reaches zero a finite distance from the cylinder axis, while the surface velocity tends to infinity there. In the second, the surfactant concentration is exponentially large and a stagnation point forms just inside the rim of the cylinder. We propose a criterion for selecting the free parameter, based on the elimination of both singularities, and show that it leads to good agreement with experimental results.
The micro-robotic laboratory: Optical trapping and scissing for the biologist (1997)

With the addition of tightly focused laser beams, microscopes have been turned into elaborate preparative tools that permit not only allow detailed observation of a specimen but also the capture, displacement, and microdissection of biological samples in vitro with astonishing ease and accuracy. Laser-Tweezers are used to capture and manipulate cells and organelles. LaserScissors are used to perform microdissections at the submicrometer level. After a short technical description of the instrumentation and its principles of operation, several examples of applications are given relevant to the field of clinical research that could only be achieved using such modern technology. For instance, LaserTweezers and LaserScissors offer a unprecedented means to study the immune response to cancer, to control the growth of nerve cells, or expand the significance of assisted reproductive technologies. It is suggested that newly developing procedures and assays using laser-assisted technologies will prove beneficial for future clinical laboratory testing.
Cache profiling and the SPEC benchmarks: a case study (1994)

A vital tool-box component, the CProf cache profiling system lets programmers identify hot spots by providing cache performance information at the source-line and data-structure level. Our purpose is to introduce a broad audience to cache performance profiling and tuning techniques. Although used sporadically in the supercomputer and multiprocessor communities, these techniques also have broad applicability to programs running on fast uniprocessor workstations. We show that cache profiling, using our CProf cache profiling system, improves program performance by focusing a programmer's attention on problematic code sections and providing insight into appropriate program transformations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Catalyst-Free Growth of Three-Dimensional Graphene Flakes and Graphene/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Composite for Hydrocarbon Oxidation (2016)

Mass production of high-quality graphene flakes is important for commercial applications. Graphene microsheets have been produced on an industrial scale by chemical and liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite. However, strong-interaction-induced interlayer aggregation usually leads to the degradation of their intrinsic properties. Moreover, the crystallinity or layer-thickness controllability is not so perfect to fulfill the requirement for advanced technologies. Herein, we report a quartz-powder-derived chemical vapor deposition growth of three-dimensional (3D) high-quality graphene flakes and demonstrate the fabrication and application of graphene/g-C3N4 composites. The graphene flakes obtained after the removal of growth substrates exhibit the 3D curved microstructure, controllable layer thickness, good crystallinity, as well as weak interlayer interactions suitable for preventing the interlayer stacking. Benefiting from this, we achieved the direct synthesis of g-C3N4 on purified graphene flakes to form the uniform graphene/g-C3N4 composite, which provides efficient electron transfer interfaces to boost its catalytic oxidation activity of cycloalkane with relatively high yield, good selectivity, and reliable stability.