gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Phenserine Tartrate, A Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Alzheimers Disease (2005)

Existing cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD), while effective in improving cognitive, behavioral and functional impairments, do not alter disease progression. Novel drug design studies have focused on the classical ChE inhibitor, (-)-physostigmine, producing alterations in chemical composition and three-dimensional structure, which may offer an improved therapeutic index. The phenylcarbamate derivative, (-)-phenserine, is a selective, non-competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In vivo, (-)-phenserine produces rapid, potent, and long-lasting AChE inhibition. As a possible result of its preferential brain selectivity, (-)-phenserine is significantly less toxic than (-)-physostigmine. In studies using the Stone maze paradigm, (-)-phenserine has been shown to improve cognitive performance in both young learning-impaired and elderly rats. In addition to reducing inactivation of acetylcholine in the brain, (-)-phenserine appears to have a second mode of action. Reduced secretion of beta-amyloid (Abeta) has been observed in cell lines exposed to (-)-phenserine, occurring through translational regulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) mRNA via a non-cholinergic mechanism. These in vitro findings appear to translate in vivo into animal models and humans. In a small study of patients with AD, (-)-phenserine treatment tended to reduce beta-APP and Abeta levels in plasma samples. Clinical studies also reveal that (-)-phenserine (5-10 mg b.i.d.) had a favorable safety and pharmacological profile, produced significant improvements in cognitive function and was well tolerated in patients with AD treated for 12 weeks. Further randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III studies assessing the efficacy, safety/tolerability and potential disease-modifying effects of (-)-phenserine in patients with AD are currently ongoing.
Interferogram analysis using a Fourier transform method for automatic 3D surface measurement (1992)

A Fourier transform method of interference pattern analysis is a powerful tool for automatic phase measurements. The technique is free from errors caused by high-frequency disturbances and the variation of background intensity. The method is particularly useful for waviness and roughness profile reconstruction of 3D surfaces.
Face image assessment learned with objective and relative face image qualities for improved face recognition (2015)

Considerable research efforts have been made for face recognition in various real-world applications. However, degraded face images, acquired in the real-world, make face recognition difficult. In this paper, we propose a new face image quality assessment that aims to realize a robust and reliable face recognition system. The proposed method considers two factors for face image quality, i.e., visual quality and mismatch between training and test face images. A face image quality assessor is learned based on the two factors to discriminate useful faces from unuseful ones. The proposed face image quality assessment model is robust and adaptive to face recognition systems by employing a learned assessment. Our experimental results on a challenging database show significant improvement in face recognition accuracy by the proposed method.
Preparation of monolithic binary oxide gels by a nonhydrolytic sol-gel process (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of monolithic binary oxide gels by a nonhydrolytic sol-gel processR. Corriu, D. Leclercq, P. Lefevre, P. H. Mutin, and A. ViouxCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 5, 961–963Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00023a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00023a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ground and aerial application of the sexual and asexual stages of Lagenidium giganteum (Oomycetes: Lagenidiales) for mosquito control. (1986)

Fermentor-grown cultures of the sexual and asexual stages of Lagenidium giganteum were applied in rice fields in the Central Valley near Sacramento, CA. Both ground and aerial applications of the asexual stage resulted in high levels of immediate control of sentinel Culex tarsalis and indigenous Cx. tarsalis and Anopheles freeborni larvae and provided some degree of control throughout the four-month mosquito breeding season. Oospores which were desiccated in the field following application provided consistently high larval infection levels after reflooding of the fields. Advantages of using the sexual stage of L. giganteum for field larval control are presented.
Reporting of Suicide (1975)

ABSTRACT: This limited study based on publicly available statistics provides strong support for the belief that underreporting of suicide in Canada may be considerable. If this is true, it immediately justifies a greatly increased effort to refine and upgrade the ascertainment procedures so as to make the recorded statistics of more value in assessing the size and epidemiological relationships of the public health problem. From this study has also emerged the idea that, in any given community, there may exist some “general tendency” to violent and unrestrained behavior—a tendency that influences the rates for both suicide and comparable accidents in a similar direction. To explore this and similar concepts adequately requires greater refinement and reliability of the basic statistical data.
Comparative cytotoxic and biochemical effects of ligands and metal complexes of .alpha.-N-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones (1979)

Several alpha-N-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones and their iron and copper complexes have been tested for their cytotoxicity and inhibiting activity against DNA synthesis under controlled metal conditions. No ligands show cytotoxicity against Ehrlich cells at the concentrations tested, while some iron and copper complexes are active. In contrast, the ligands inhibit DNA synthesis at much lower concentrations than used above. Similarly, the metal complexes are effective inhibitors at concentrations much below those necessary to demonstrate cytotoxicity. In addition, the iron complexes of 1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone, 2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone, and 4-methyl-5-amino-1-formylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazone were shown to be three- to sixfold more active than their free ligands as inhibitors of partially purified ribonucleotide reductase to which no iron has been added. The copper complex of 2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone was slightly more active than the free ligand against the reductase.
Reactivity of monoclonal antibody E5 with endotoxin. I. Binding to lipid A and rough lipopolysaccharides. (1992)

The murine IgM monoclonal antibody (mAb) E5 was produced by a hybridoma derived from spleen cells of a mouse immunized with the J5 rough mutant of Escherichia coli O111:B4. In a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, E5 has been shown to reduce significantly the mortality and morbidity of patients with Gram-negative sepsis. The characteristics of E5 binding to endotoxin were studied in vitro. We report here the results of binding to an extensive panel of rough lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipid A preparations. Using standard immunologic techniques, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA), as well as an antibody capture assay using immobilized antibody and a chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) detection system, E5 was shown to bind to all rough LPS (chemotypes Ra through Re from Salmonella minnesota and E. coli J5) and lipid A preparations tested. E5 displayed a Kd for Ra LPS of approximately 6.5 nM. These results confirm and extend those reported previously and provide evidence that E5 binds specifically to lipid A and to the lipid A moiety of rough LPS.
Examining Automatic Texture Mapping of Arbitrary Terrains (2011)

In this thesis, methods for texture mapping voxel based terrain of arbitrary topology, are studied. Traditional methods for generating terrain often use 2D height maps which has its limitations in topology, but often can rely on fast and simple planar projection for texture mapping. To generate terrain of arbitrary topology and support features like caves, overhangs and vertical cliffs, the terrain representation needs to expand from two dimensions and surface rendering to three dimensions and volumetric rendering, and also needs other, more elaborate methods for texture mapping. The initial part of the thesis recounts \emph{Marching Cubes}, the main method used for volumetric rendering, and also some basics on texture mapping. A survey reviews different related work on the area and lists some of the features. Some initial tests, to achieve texture mapping on arbitrary terrain, are performed and are explained and evaluated. These tests focus on partition the terrain into submeshes of similar directional faces, using the initial voxel grid as a natural boundary, and project each submesh to a planar texture space called \emph{charts}. The texture of each chart is defined by the highest resolution of each submesh and all charts are stored in one \emph{texture atlas}. The charts then represent the texture used for all different resolutions of the submesh. The method results in gaps in the final texture due to mismatch occurring from the different mesh resolutions. To avoid the mismatch each chart is mapped to fixed shapes, namely triangles or quads. This solves the problem with gaps along chart boundaries but instead introduce heavy distortion in the texture due to stretching and resizing. Some tests have also been performed on editing the underlying scalar field directly by identifying and avoiding some unwanted cases, and creating a simpler mesh.
Cyclic dynamics of hair follicles and the effect of minoxidil on the bald scalps of stumptailed macaques (1985)

From the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center (HU, AC) and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (HU), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and The Upjohn Company (CS), Kalamazoo, Michigan.
3‐D structure‐property relationships in rolltruded polymers. Part II: Anisotropic yielding and deformation in triaxially oriented polymers (1990)

Abstract Rolltrusion, a single step solid state deformation process, has been successfully applied to isotactic poly(propylene), iPP, to produce unique 3‐D properties. Mechanical property enhancement not only occurs in the principal draw direction, but also in the transverse directions. A systematic series of standard (ASTM) tensile and compressive experiments were made on well oriented materials supporting this claim. Tensile testing was also performed on dumb‐bell shaped specimens cut at various angles to the main deformation direction. A variety of observations were made during testing. Deformation bands, anisotropic yielding, and ductile‐to‐brittle behavior were observed. These results are presented along with a morphological model that has been developed to account for the behavior of these unique triaxially oriented polymers.
A microfabricated coil for implantable applications of magnetic spinal cord stimulation (2015)

In this paper, a microfabricated inductive coil comprising of 125-turn coil windings and a MnZn-based magnetic core in a volume of 200 mm(3) is presented for the magnetic neural stimulation in a spinal cord. The coil winding with the parallel-linkage design instead of the typical serial-linkage one is proposed not only to provide better design flexibility to the current mode driving circuit but also to simplify the fabrication process of the 3-D inductive coil, which can further advance the coil miniaturization. Experimental results show the microcoil with a 1.5 A, 1 kHz square-wave current input can induce a voltages of ~220 μV on the conducting wire with an impedance of ~0.2 Ω @ 1 kHz, 1 mm separation.
A Phenomenology of the Policy Process (1982)

This essay sought to provide from a phenomenological perspective some necessary building blocks for a theory of the policy process. To that end the concepts of plan and policy were discussed and an ideal typology of policy actions was developed. Contrary to what one might suppose, the subjectivism of preferences and expectations does not necessarily lead to chaos in the social world since policy planners tend to orient their plans to political institutions. It is these orientations, not any arenas of power or policy content, which provides some degree of determinateness in the policy as a whole. Unfortunately, most typologies and theories ignore the ordering role played by these institutional components. With very few exceptions, they likewise shunt aside the conflictual dynamics of policy. We conclude, therefore, that any theory of the policy process-we emphasize process in this connection-must place political institutions and conflict at the center of its analysis.
Maximum-likelihood transmission image reconstruction for overlapping transmission beams (2000)

In many transmission imaging geometries, the transmitted "beams" of photons overlap on the detector, such that a detector element may record photons that originated in different sources or source locations and thus traversed different paths through the object. Examples include systems based on scanning line sources or on multiple parallel rod sources. The overlap of these beams has been disregarded by both conventional analytical reconstruction methods as well as by previous statistical reconstruction methods. We propose a new algorithm for statistical image reconstruction of attenuation maps that explicitly accounts for overlapping beams in transmission scans. The algorithm is guaranteed to monotonically increase the objective function at each iteration. The availability of this algorithm enables the possibility of deliberately increasing the beam overlap so as to increase count rates. Simulated single photon emission tomography transmission scans based on a multiple line source array demonstrate that the proposed method yields improved resolution/noise tradeoffs relative to "conventional" reconstruction algorithms, both statistical and nonstatistical.
Vaginal algometer: development and application of a device to monitor vaginal wall pressure pain threshold (2003)

We describe a device (which we have named a vaginal algometer) which can measure the pressure pain threshold (PPT) on the lateral walls of the vagina. The device was assessed in 63 healthy women and a normal range for this measurement was established. Each woman had her vaginal wall PPT measured and was asked about the acceptability of the procedure. We demonstrate that the vaginal algometer can provide a quantitative assessment of vaginal PPT and that the procedure is acceptable to most women.
Frequency of subnormal hypoosmotic swelling tests increase with advancing age of the male. (2012)

Males with low HOS scores despite having no problem with fertilization of the oocytes rarely achieve a pregnancy because of embryo implantation defects unless intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is performed. Thus at least one abnormality seen in sperm of males of advanced reproductive age is correctable by performing in vitro fertilization with ICSI.
Has digital killed the radio star?: Double J and real-time radio (2014)

A few years ago, many media outlets foretold that digital radio - which promised users unprecedentedly diverse programming - would ring the death knell for its traditional counterpart. But as the recently launched digital station Double J shows, listeners still clamour for the localism and personal connection that made 'old radio' great.
Blockade of NKG2D signaling prevents the development of murine CD4<sup>+</sup>T cell-mediated colitis (2007)

It has been recently demonstrated that NKG2D is an activating costimulatory receptor on natural killer (NK) cells, natural killer T (NKT) cells, activated CD8(+) T cells, and gammadelta T cells, which respond to cellular stress, such as inflammation, transformation, and infection. Here we show that intestinal inflammation in colitic SCID mice induced by adoptive transfer of CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells is characterized by significant increase of CD4(+)NKG2D(+) T cells and constitutive expression of NKG2D ligands, such as H60, Mult-1, and Rae-1, by lamina propria CD11c(+) dendritic cells. Furthermore, treatment with nondepleting and neutralizing anti-NKG2D MAb after transfer of CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells into SCID mice significantly suppressed wasting disease with colitis, abrogated leukocyte infiltration, and reduced production of IFN-gamma by lamina propria CD4(+) T cells. These findings demonstrate that NKG2D signaling pathway is critically involved in CD4(+) T cell-mediated disease progression and suggest a new therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel diseases.
Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensitivity of Ag-Core Au-Shell Nanoparticles: Revealed by Bi-Analyte Method (2013)

Single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SM-SERS) is an important application of localized surface plasmons in metallic nanostructures. Conventionally, Ag nanoparticles are used in solution-based SM-SERS experiments, but their usage is limited due to toxicity and oxidation issues. Au nanoparticle solutions are relatively biocompatible and SERS-active, but they do not facilitate large-scale SERS enhancement factors, which is an important prerequisite for SM-SERS. Under such constraints, silver-core gold-shell nanoparticles can be an excellent alternative for SM-SERS. Motivated by this, herein we report on the experimental evidence of SM-SERS sensitivity of Ag-core Au-shell nanoparticles by employing bianalyte method. Additionally, by detecting resonant molecules at femtomolar concentrations, we show that Ag-core Au-shell nanoparticle can be harnessed for ultrasensitive detection of molecules. The provided evidence will further motivate usage of such gold-shell-based bimetallic nanostructures for SM-SERS in biological environments.
The Fbe (SdrG) protein of Staphylococcus epidermidis HB promotes bacterial adherence to fibrinogen (2001)

Staphylococcus epidermidis strains HB and K28 express surface proteins called Fbe or SdrG, respectively, that have sequence similarity to the clumping factors ClfA and ClfB of Staphylococcus aureus. A mutation in the fbe gene of strain HB was isolated by directed plasmid integration using the broad-host-range temperature-sensitive plasmid pG(+)Host9 (pVE6155). An internal fragment of fbe was cloned into pG(+)Host9 and the chimaeric plasmid was mobilized from S. aureus RN4220 to S. epidermidis 9142 by conjugation promoted by plasmid pGO1. The plasmid was then transferred to S. epidermidis strain HB by phage-48-mediated transduction. The plasmid integrated into the chromosomal fbe gene at a frequency of 2.8 x 10(-4). All the survivors tested had a copy of pG(+)Host9'fbe' integrated into the chromosomal fbe gene either as a single copy or as a tandem array. Western immunoblotting showed that the wall-associated Fbe protein was absent in the mutant. Wild-type S. epidermidis HB adhered to immobilized fibrinogen in a dose-dependent and saturable fashion whereas the mutant did not bind. The Fbe proteins of HB and K28 were expressed at a high level in Lactococcus lactis MG1363 using the expression vector pKS80. These strains adhered strongly to immobilized fibrinogen. These results confirm that Fbe is a fibrinogen-binding adhesin.
A 64-bit carry look ahead adder using pass transistor BiCMOS gates (1996)

This paper describes a 64-bit two-stage carry look ahead adder utilizing pass transistor BiCMOS gate. The new pass transistor BiCMOS gate has a smaller intrinsic delay time than conventional BiCMOS gates. Furthermore, this gate has a rail-to-rail output voltage. Therefore the next gate does not have a large degradation of its driving capability. The exclusive OR and NOR gate using the pass transistor BiCMOS gate shows a speed advantage over CMOS gates under a wide variance in load capacitance. The pass transistor BiCMOS gates were applied to full adders, carry path circuits, and carry select circuits. In consequence, a 64-bit two-stage carry look ahead adder was fabricated using a 0.5 /spl mu/m BiCMOS process with single polysilicon and double-metal interconnections. A critical path delay time of 3.5 ns was observed at a supply voltage of 3.3 V. This is 25% better than the result of the adder circuit using CMOS technology. Even at the supply voltage of 2.0 V, this adder is faster than the CMOS adder.
Sealing effects of cross-linked gelatin (2012)

Surgical sealants form gel when applied to tissues. Currently, fibrin sealant has been successfully used in many surgical fields, but it has several disadvantages, including possible virus transmission, low adhesive strength, and high cost. In this study, gelatin and glutaraldehyde (GA) solutions were chosen to demonstrate the effectiveness of cross-linked gelatin gel as sealant and barrier, both of which have long been used in medical applications. It was found that the gelatin gel prepared from 26 wt% gelatin and 1 wt% GA solutions exhibited bonding strength almost three times higher than that of fibrin glue. The bonding strength increased with the increasing gelatin and GA concentrations. When a needle hole on PTFE vascular grafts was sealed with the gelatin gel, the water-resistant pressure significantly increased upon rubbing and was twice higher than that of fibrin glue. The cytotoxicity of gelatin gel was found to be much lower than that of albumin glue prepared at the same composition as commercially available BioGlue®. The gelatin gel was found to be also effective as barrier to prevent adhesion in a rat cecum abrasion model.
[Verapamil enhancement of antitumor activity of mitoxantrone on ACC-22 cells in citro] (1993)

The combined effect of verapamil and DHAD on the growth of human adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line(ACC-2) in vitro was investigated.In combination, VP and DHAD had synergistic inhibitory effect.VP enhanced the cytotoxicity of DHAD in ACC-2 cells and significantly inhibited the cell proliferation.VP also potentiated the inhibitory effect of DHAD on colongenic ability of ACC-2 cell,suggesting it enhance the cytocidal effect of DHAD on human adenoid cystic carcinoma.