gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kirrkirr: software for browsing and visual exploration of a structured Warlpiri (2001)

Journal Article Kirrkirr: Software for Browsing and Visual Exploration of a Structured Warlpiri Dictionary Get access Christopher D. Manning, Christopher D. Manning Stanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA Correspondence: Christopher Manning, Department of Computer Science, Gates 4A, 353 Serra Mail, Stanford, CA 94305-9040, USA. E-mail: manning@cs.stanford.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kevin Jansz, Kevin Jansz University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nitin Indurkhya Nitin Indurkhya Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Literary and Linguistic Computing, Volume 16, Issue 2, June 2001, Pages 135–151, https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/16.2.135 Published: 01 June 2001
Electric-Load Intelligence (E-LI): Concept and Applications (2006)

Electric-load intelligence (E-LI) is an innovative concept which aims to develop new knowledge and apply it intelligently with technologies to enhance the value of electricity. The key components of E-LI such as monitoring, communication, analysis, interface, decision making, control and learning capability are presented. Different studies on load signatures are used to illustrate how E-LI can be developed and applied using the electrical waveforms of loads. This knowledge has the potential of creating new economic, strategic and commercial value while using electricity
A Case Study on a Capsule Robot in the Gastrointestinal Tract to Teach Robot Programming and Navigation (2013)

Despite the increasing importance of robotics, there is a significant challenge involved in teaching this to undergraduate students in biomedical engineering (BME) and other related disciplines in which robotics techniques could be readily applied. This paper addresses this challenge through the development and pilot testing of a bio-microrobotics case study that can be integrated into curricula in BME, electrical and computer engineering (ECE), and other disciplines. This case study is based on the existing technology of wireless capsule endoscopy and centered on a “grand challenge” of building a capsule robot to navigate the human gastrointestinal tract to detect abnormality or to destroy malignant tissues. First, a conceptual design example for building such a capsule robot is presented, followed by a laboratory module that demonstrates robot navigation techniques using Webots simulation. The case study introduces robotic technologies, including robot building components, operating modes, and behavior-based programming, and students experience robot simulation in the laboratory module. The case study developed was pilot tested in three BME and ECE courses at the authors' institution. The evaluation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the case study in enhancing students' understanding of robotics, interdisciplinary skills, and critical thinking. The case study is shown to support challenge-based learning, which promotes adaptive expertise through rapid knowledge building and innovation.
Interleaving and error correction in volume holographic memory systems (1998)

We study the use of error-correction coding (ECC) and two-dimensional interleaving for volume holographic memory (VHM) systems suffering from both random and systematic errors. The bit-error rate (BER) is used as the data-fidelity measure and as a design metric for optical 4f systems. The correlated error patterns arising from both lens aberrations and misalignment errors are analyzed, and we discuss the information theoretic storage capacity of VHM in the presence of such correlated error patterns. The performance of interleaving and ECC is analyzed from both BER and storage-capacity perspectives. Magnification, rotation, tilt, and defocus errors are also studied, and an experimental demonstration that combines ECC with two-dimensional interleaving is included.
A Dynamic CAPTCHA Based on Persistence of Vision (2012)

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and image recognition, traditional simple CAPTCHA is facing the challenge of being cracked, while too complicated CAPTCHA is difficult for the humans to recognize. After summarizing some kinds of commonly-used CAPTCHA, this paper proposes a novel dynamic CAPTCHA based on persistence of vision, which is formed by multi-frame images with useful characters and interfering characters. In each frame image, the useful characters are fixed and the interfering characters are changed constantly. When the multi-frame images are switched quickly, humans can get the useful characters because their eyes have the phenomenon of persistence of vision. So the CAPTCHA is easy for humans to recognize while hardly cracked by the computers. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments illustrate that this scheme is effective, safe and with low complexity.
Practical preparation of copper oxide superconductors (1987)

We present a thorough yet simple approach for synthesizing high Tc superconductors of substantial quality. The approach is accompanied by a step-by-step discussion of possible pitfalls as well as a correlation of the sample characteristics to the various preparation procedures. A procedure sufficiently accurate for characterizing the resistance as a function of temperature for a Tc determination is also described.
Bacterial Alginate Produced by a Mutant of <i>Azotobacter vinelandii</i> (1985)

The optimum conditions in shaken flasks for production of bacterial alginate by mutant C-14 of Azotobacter vinelandii NCIB 9068 and a comparison of the properties of bacterial and algal alginates were investigated. The largest amount of bacterial alginate was obtained in about 110 h by a culture grown on optimum medium at 34 degrees C and 170-rpm shaking speed. The viscosity of the culture broth was 18,400 cps and the alginate concentration reached 6.22 g/liter. The viscosity of the purified bacterial alginate was as high as 11,200 cps at a low concentration (0.6%). A greater than fivefold concentration of algal alginate was required to reach the same viscosity at a low shear rate. A solution of bacterial alginate was more pseudoplastic than that of algal alginate was. No significant differences were observed in other properties of bacterial and algal alginates such as gel formation with calcium ion, thermostability, and effect of temperature, pH, and sodium chloride on viscosity.
Prion protein structure is affected by pH‐dependent interaction with membranes: A study in a model system (2007)

Interaction of full length recombinant hamster prion protein with liposomes mimicking lipid rafts or non-raft membrane regions was studied by circular dichroism, chemical cross-linking and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. At pH 7.0, the protein bound palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/sphingomyelin/monosialoganglioside GM1 (GM1) ganglioside liposomes but not palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine alone (bound/free=0.33 and 0.01, respectively), maintaining the native alpha-helical structure and monomeric form. At pH 5.0, though still binding to quaternary mixtures, in particular GM1, the protein bound also to palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (bound/free 0.35) becoming unfolded and oligomeric. The pH-dependent interaction with raft or non-raft membranes might have implication in vivo, by stabilizing or destabilizing the protein.
New Chemotherapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Lyme Borreliosis<sup>a</sup> (1988)

1. It was demonstrated that while B. burgdorferi may be sensitive to relatively small concentrations of penicillin and ceftriaxone, the organism is killed slowly. This implies that, as in syphilis, prolonged blood levels of these drugs may be necessary in order to ensure cure. In contrast, the activity of tetracycline is more rapid in its action but is more dependent on drug concentration achieved. Unfortunately, the MIC and MBC for some strains are at or above the peak level achieved under optimal conditions. 2. Increasing the concentrations of penicillin or ceftriaxone above the MIC for the organism has little effect on the rate of killing. In contrast, the killing by tetracycline can be augmented by increasing concentrations of the drug. 3. Ceftriaxone is more active than penicillin, as measured by MIC, against the five strains of B. burgdorferi tested. 4. Ceftriaxone was efficacious in the treatment of Lyme borreliosis, which was recalcitrant to penicillin therapy. In a randomized trial comparing ceftriaxone to high-dose penicillin therapy, ceftriaxone was significantly more efficacious than penicillin in the treatment of the late complications of Lyme borreliosis.
Guanosine binding required for cyclization of the self-splicing intervening sequence ribonucleic acid from Tetrahymena thermophila (1987)

We have converted the intramolecular cyclization reaction of the self-splicing intervening sequence (IVS) ribonucleic acid (RNA) from Tetrahymena thermophila into an intermolecular guanosine addition reaction. This was accomplished by selectively removing the 3'-terminal nucleotide by oxidation and beta-elimination; the beta-eliminated IVS thereby is no longer capable of reacting with itself. However, under cyclization conditions, a free guanosine molecule can make a nucleophilic attack at the normal cyclization site. We have used this guanosine addition reaction as a model system for a Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of the guanosine binding site involved in cyclization. The results indicate that functional groups on the guanine that are used in a G-C Watson-Crick base pair are important for the cyclization reaction. This is the same result that was obtained for the guanosine binding site involved in splicing [Bass, B. L., & Cech, T. R. (1984) Nature (London) 308, 820-826]. Unlike splicing, however, certain additional nucleotides 5' to the guanosine moiety make significant binding contributions. We conclude that the guanosine binding site in cyclization is similar to, but not identical with, the guanosine binding site in splicing. The same binding interactions used in cyclization could help align the 3' splice site of the rRNA precursor for exon ligation. We also report that the phosphodiester bond at the cyclization site is susceptible to a pH-dependent hydrolysis reaction; the phosphodiester bond is somehow activated toward attack by the 3'hydroxyl of a guanosine molecule or by a hydroxyl ion.
Tumor cell heterogeneity in multiple myeloma: antigenic, morphologic, and functional studies of cells from blood and bone marrow (1989)

Tumor cells from six patients with immunoglobulin G (IgG) multiple myeloma were analyzed for surface antigens, cytoplasmic paraprotein, morphology, and response to various culture conditions. The tumor marker was the paraprotein idiotype. Low numbers of tumor cells were found in the blood of most of the patients. In some patients, the circulating tumor cells were solely B lymphocytes, whereas in other patients, they were lymphoid, lymphoplasmacytoid, and plasmacytoid. Dual surface antigen analysis of blood and bone marrow cells confirmed that the tumor may be composed of a spectrum of cell types. Thus, cells may range from surface-idiotype+,CD19+,CD20+, PCA-1-,cytoplasmic-idiotype- lymphocytes, to CD19-,PCA-1+,cytoplasmic-idiotype+ plasma cells that are surface-idiotype- or weakly surface-idiotype+. In one patient, some of the tumor cells co-expressed surface idiotype and CD10. The tumor B lymphocytes were activated in vitro to synthesize paraprotein by pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and by low molecular weight B cell growth factor (BCGF). In contrast, spontaneous synthesis of paraprotein by more mature tumor cells was inhibited by agents that also inhibit nonmyeloma plasma cells. These agents included PWM, gamma interferon, and phorbol ester. The results demonstrate that in multiple myeloma there exist different tumor cell types that are similar, by a variety of criteria, to normal B lineage cells at different stages of differentiation. Thus, further evidence is provided for the hypothesis of myeloma cell differentiation.
Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Embedding Approaches for Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction using Linked Open Data (2018)

Current approaches to identifying drug-drug interactions (DDIs), which involve clinical evaluation of drugs and post-marketing surveillance, are unable to provide complete, accurate information, nor do they alert the public to potentially dangerous DDIs before the drugs reach the market. Predicting potential drug-drug interaction helps reduce unanticipated drug interactions and drug development costs and optimizes the drug design process. Many bioinformatics databases have begun to present their data as Linked Open Data (LOD), a graph data model, using Semantic Web technologies. The knowledge graphs provide a powerful model for defining the data, in addition to making it possible to use underlying graph structure for extraction of meaningful information. In this work, we have applied Knowledge Graph (KG) Embedding approaches to extract feature vector representation of drugs using LOD to predict potential drug-drug interactions. We have investigated the effect of different embedding methods on the DDI prediction and showed that the knowledge embeddings are powerful predictors and comparable to current state-of-the-art methods for inferring new DDIs. We have applied Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes and Random Forest on Drugbank KG with the 10-fold traditional cross validation (CV) using RDF2Vec, TransE and TransD. RDF2Vec with uniform weighting surpass other embedding methods.
Asynchronous Differential TDOA for Sensor Self-Localization (2007)

Most methods for sensor self-localization require either synchronization or round trip communications among the networked sensors. A differential time-difference-of-arrival (dTDOA) method is proposed in this paper that does not require such time synchronization nor round trip communications, thus greatly reduces demand on sensor communications resources and makes implementation much easier. Theoretical results are presented for the principle of the new method and simulations are also given that confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Embryoids and Complete Plants from Unpollinated Ovaries and from Ovules of in vivo-Grown Emasculated Flower Buds of Citrus spp. (1972)

G. C. Mitra, H. C. Chaturvedi, Embryoids and Complete Plants from Unpollinated Ovaries and from Ovules of in vivo-Grown Emasculated Flower Buds of Citrus spp., Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, Vol. 99, No. 4 (Jul. - Aug., 1972), pp. 184-189
Activation of melanocortin type 3 receptor as a molecular mechanism for adrenocorticotropic hormone efficacy in gouty arthritis (2002)

This research provides evidence for a separate mechanism of action of ACTH in experimental gouty arthritis and points to a novel antiinflammatory target (selective agonists at MC3-R) for clinical management of human gouty arthritis and possibly other chronic inflammatory conditions.
A method for die-scale simulation of CMP planarization (2002)

Chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP) is well known for its planarization capability. However, it suffers from long-range non-uniformity due to its sensitivity to pattern density. This paper shows that, by using basic building blocks and formulation techniques, CMP simulation can be done on a large dimension, namely the whole die.
Exploring enzymatic catalysis at a solid surface: a case study with transglutaminase-mediated protein immobilization (2007)

The factors affecting enzymatic protein immobilization with microbial transglutaminase (MTG) were explored. As model proteins, enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were chosen and tagged with a neutral Gln-donor substrate peptide for MTG (Leu-Leu-Gln-Gly, LLQG-tag) at their C-terminus. To create a specific surface, displaying reactive Lys residues, to be cross-linked with the Gln residue in the LLQG-tag of target proteins by MTG catalysis, a polystyrene surface was physically coated with beta-casein. Both recombinant proteins were immobilized onto the beta-casein-coated surface only in the presence of active MTG, indicating that those proteins were enzymatically immobilized to the surface. MTG-mediated protein immobilization markedly depends on the pH and ionic strength of the reaction media. The optimal pH range of MTG-mediated immobilization of both recombinant proteins was around 5, at which point the MTG-catalyzed reaction in aqueous solution is not normally preferred. By utilizing a pH-dependent change in EGFP fluorescence, we found that the apparent pH at the surface is likely to be lower than bulk pH, this difference is not attributed to an optimal pH shift in MTG-mediated immobilization. On the other hand, lower yields of protein immobilization at higher ionic strength suggest that electrostatic interaction is a key factor governing MTG catalysis at a solid surface. The results of this study indicate that, in enzymatic catalysis at a solid surface, the concentration of substrates at the surface can enhance the catalytic efficiency, and this could alter the pH dependence of enzymatic catalysis.
A variational approach to sparsity optimization based on Lagrange multiplier theory (2013)

Sparsity optimization for linear least squares problems formulated as non-smooth regularization problems are considered in infinite-dimensional sequence spaces ℓp with p ∈ [0, 1]. Necessary optimality conditions in the format of a complementarity system are obtained. A monotonically convergent scheme is developed for the case p ∈ (0, 1]. For the case p = 0 a primal dual active set strategy based on the Lagrange multiplier rule is proposed and analyzed for special cases.
Mechanisms of structure generation during plastic compression of nanofibrillar collagen hydrogel scaffolds: towards engineering of collagen (2010)

Operator control of cell/matrix density of plastically compressed collagen hydrogel scaffolds critically depends on reproducibly limiting the extent of scaffold compaction, as fluid expulsion. A functional model of the compression process is presented, based on the idea that the main fluid-leaving surface (FLS) behaves as an ultrafiltration membrane, allowing fluid (water) out but retaining collagen fibrils to form a cake. We hypothesize that accumulation of collagen at the FLS produces anisotropic structuring but also increases FLS hydraulic resistance (R(FLS) ), in turn limiting the flux. Our findings show that while compressive load is the primary determinant of flux at the beginning of compression (load-dependent phase), increasing FLS collagen density (measured by X-ray attenuation) and increasing R(FLS) become the key determinants of flux as the process proceeds (flow-dependent phase). The model integrates these two phases and can closely predict fluid loss over time for a range of compressive loads. This model provides a useful tool for engineering cell and matrix density to tissue-specific levels, as well as generating localized 3D nano micro-scale structures and zonal heterogeneity within scaffolds. Such structure generation is important for complex tissue engineering and forms the basis for process automation and up-scaling.
Tailoring the AMC and EBG Characteristics of Periodic Metallic Arrays Printed on Grounded Dielectric Substrate (2006)

The artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) and electromagnetic band gap (EBG) characteristics of planar periodic metallic arrays printed on grounded dielectric substrate are investigated. The currents induced on the arrays are presented for the first time and their study reveals two distinct resonance phenomena associated with these surfaces. A new technique is presented to tailor the spectral position of the AMC operation and the EBG. Square patch arrays with fixed element size and variable periodicities are employed as working examples to demonstrate the dependence of the spectral AMC and EBG characteristics on array parameters. It is revealed that as the array periodicity is increased, the AMC frequency is increased, while the EBG frequency is reduced. This is shown to occur due to the different nature of the resonance phenomena and the associated underlying physical mechanisms that produce the two effects. The effect of substrate thickness is also investigated. Full wave method of moments (MoM) has been employed for the derivation of the reflection characteristics, the currents and the dispersion relations. A uniplanar array with simultaneous AMC and EBG operation is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally.
Deformable object simulation with Poisson equation (2006)

This paper presents a new methodology for the deformation of soft objects by drawing an analogy between Poisson equation and elastic deformation. The potential energy stored in an elastic body as a result of a deformation caused by an external force is propagated among mass points by the Poisson equation. An improved Poisson model is developed for propagating the energy generated by the external force in a natural manner. A method is presented to derive the internal forces from the potential energy distribution. This proposed methodology not only deals with large-range deformations, but also accommodates both isotropic and anisotropic materials by simply changing the constitutive coefficients. Examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Cycle-related toxicity and transformation in 10T1/2 cells treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. (1980)

Exposure of C3H 10T1/2 Cl 8 cells, synchronized by release from confluence-induced arest of proliferation, to different concentrations of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for 30 min at various points during the cell cycle causes dose-dependent toxicity (decrease in relative colony-forming efficiency or "survival") that increases linearly during the first G1 phase, reaches a maximum in early to middle S phase, and decreases during late S. In the course of the second S phase, toxicity again becomes maximal. The transformation rate (type III foci) increases and decreases with a similar pattern, increasing during the first G1 phase to a maximum during early S phase, subsequently decreasing, and then increasing again during the second S phase. Although periods of maximal toxicity and transformation roughly coincide with some portion of the S phase, the mechanisms underlying these phenomena appear to differ for the following reasons: (a) toxicity is linearly related to dose of MNNG, whereas the latter is linearly related to the logarithm of transformation rate, and (b) the ratio between toxicity and transformation varies with the cycle phase and the dose of MNNG.
Characterization of spoIVA, a sporulation gene involved in coat morphogenesis in Bacillus subtilis (1992)

We report the cloning and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis sporulation locus spoIVA, mutations at which cause an unusual defect in spore formation in which the coat misassembles as swirls within the mother cell. We show that spoIVA is a single gene of 492 codons that is capable of encoding a polypeptide of 55 kDa. Transcription of spoIVA is induced at about the second hour of sporulation by the regulatory protein sigma E from two closely spaced promoters designated P1 and P2. Experiments in which the upstream promoter P1 was removed show that transcription of spoIVA from P2 is sufficient for efficient spore formation. Based on these and other findings, we infer that the spoIVA gene product is a morphogenetic protein; we discuss its role in the deposition of coat polypeptides around the developing forespore.