gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rates of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Ru(bpy)<sub>2</sub>(im)(His83)-Modified Azurin Increase below 220 K (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRates of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Ru(bpy)2(im)(His83)-Modified Azurin Increase below 220 KLars K. Skov, Torbjörn Pascher, Jay R. Winkler, and Harry B. GrayView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 5, 1102–1103Publication Date (Web):January 27, 1998Publication History Received28 July 1997Published online27 January 1998Published inissue 1 February 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja972540ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja972540arapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views484Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Charge transfer,Noncovalent interactions,Peptides and proteins,Redox reactions,Tunneling Get e-Alerts
Pak1 Protein Kinase Regulates Activation and Nuclear Localization of Snf1-Gal83 Protein Kinase (2004)

Three kinases, Pak1, Tos3, and Elm1, activate Snf1 protein kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This cascade is conserved in mammals, where LKB1 activates AMP-activated protein kinase. We address the specificity of the activating kinases for the three forms of Snf1 protein kinase containing the beta-subunit isoforms Gal83, Sip1, and Sip2. Pak1 is the most important kinase for activating Snf1-Gal83 in response to glucose limitation, but Elm1 also has a significant role; moreover, both Pak1 and Elm1 affect Snf1-Sip2. These findings exclude the possibility of a one-to-one correspondence between the activating kinases and the Snf1 complexes. We further identify a second, unexpected role for Pak1 in regulating Snf1-Gal83: the catalytic activity of Pak1 is required for the nuclear enrichment of Snf1-Gal83 in response to carbon stress. The nuclear enrichment of Snf1 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) depends on both Gal83 and Pak1 and is abolished by a mutation of the activation loop threonine; in contrast, the nuclear enrichment of Gal83-GFP occurs in a snf1Delta mutant and depends on Pak1 only when Snf1 is present. Snf1-Gal83 is the only form of the kinase that localizes to the nucleus. These findings, that Pak1 both activates Snf1-Gal83 and controls its nuclear localization, implicate Pak1 in regulating nuclear Snf1 protein kinase activity.
Hole confinement in a Si/GeSi/Si quantum well on SIMOX (1996)

In this work, hole confinement in a MBE-grown Si/GeSi/Si quantum well on SIMOX substrate is investigated in detail using device simulation, electronic measurements, and optical techniques. The hole confinement is clearly demonstrated from GeSi PMOSFET measurements. The experimental results are in good agreement with device simulation results. The quantum confinement of holes in the GeSi quantum well on SIMOX is confirmed using photoluminescence measurements.
Vielseitige Indolsynthese durch eine Kalium- oder Caesiumbasen-vermittelte 5-endo-dig-Cyclisierung (2000)

Eine große Erleichterung für einen Zugang zu Indolen durch Cyclisierung von 2-(1-Alkinyl)anilinen bietet die Verwendung von einfachen Basen wie KOtBu, KH oder CsOtBu und N-Methylpyrrolidinon (NMP) bei Raumtemperatur. Die vielseitig anwendbare Reaktion erlaubt die Synthese unterschiedlich funktionalisierter Indole sowie neuer Aza- oder Diazaindole in hervorragenden Ausbeuten [siehe z. B. Gl. (1)].
Cloning and Characterization of the Promoter for a Potassium Channel Expressed in High Frequency Firing Neurons (1996)

The Kv3.1 potassium channel is expressed in neurons that generate trains of high frequency action potentials in response to synaptic inputs. To understand the mechanisms underlying the regulation and restricted expression pattern of the Kv3.1 gene, we have cloned and characterized its promoter. We first isolated a 5.3-kilobase pair fragment of the Kv3.1 5'-flanking region. When linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene, this fragment was found to be active in the undifferentiated PC12 cell line, a neuron-like cell line, but not in a fibroblast cell line. By carrying out a series of deletion analyses in undifferentiated PC12 cells, we have localized the essential promoter region to a highly GC-rich region containing four Sp-1 binding sites. Similar deletion analysis in NIH3T3 cells suggests that multiple silencing elements and enhancing element(s) are involved in the cell type-specific expression of this gene. Further regulatory elements, including one cyclic AMP/calcium response element (CRE) and one Ap-1 element were found in the upstream region of the promoter. Using a stable undifferentiated PC12 cell line transfected with the Kv3.1 5'-flanking region, we determined that promoter activity is enhanced by a cAMP analog and a calcium ionophore. Deletion of the CRE-like element at position -252 eliminated the enhancement of promoter activity by cAMP, and mobility shift assays confirmed that the Kv3.1 CRE sequence binds both a nuclear factor in undifferentiated PC12 cells and recombinant CRE binding protein. Our results suggest that the transcription of the Kv3.1 channel may be regulated by neurotransmitters that elevate cAMP levels in neurons.
A Universal Scale of Apparent Temperature (1984)

Based on the total thermal resistance required by a human model to effect equilibrium, a scale is prepared showing apparent temperature for any combination of dry-bulb temperature, vapor pressure, wind speed and extra radiation likely to be encountered meteorologically. Application to normal midday climates of the United States shows that dry-bulb temperature is modified by the three other variables by from −5 to +7 K. However, multiple linear regression indicates that dry-bulb temperature correlates most strongly with apparent temperature, and provides simple computing formulas.
Energy storage control for peak shaving in a single building (2014)

An adaptive control method is proposed for applying “peak shaving” to the grid electrical demand of a single building, using a battery energy storage system to reduce the maximum demand. The objective is to save cost by reducing the monthly “demand charges” commonly levied on commercial power customers. Multiple demand forecasts are evaluated at every time step during each day, and combined to calculate a maximum limit to which the grid demand is controlled. Whereas prior methods apply peak shaving to every day alike, our method does not attempt to reduce peak demand below the maximum reached in the same month. The results show greater monthly demand cost reduction than a previously published method.
Arteriographic Management of Hemorrhage Following Pelvic Fracture (1973)

Nine patients with massive pelvic hemorrhage were evaluated angiographically. In each case the site of bleeding was identified by pelvic aortography and hemostasis was produced by intra-arterial techniques. Embolization with autologous clotted blood was employed in 8 cases and in one patient bleeding was controlled by proximally occluding the hypogastric artery with an inflated Fogarty catheter balloon.
A method for the measurement of field placement errors in digital portal images (1990)

Correct placement of radiation fields relative to patient anatomy is essential in radiotherapy in order to minimise serious side effects to reduce the probability of recurrence of the tumour. One way to determine patient setup accuracy is to analyse portal images obtained in the therapy beam distal to the patient. A field placement analysis (FPA) method has been developed for detailed evaluation of patient setup by comparing positions of corresponding radiation field edges in digitised simulator and portal images. A simulator image is matched to a portal image using similar anatomical landmarks in both images and mapping these landmarks against each other applying a least squares minimisation approach. Discrepancies between the simulator field edge (reference) and a portal field edge are determined by comparing the distances between the central axis of the beam and corresponding edge segments and the angles of these segments with a reference line. Uncertainties in these distances and angles are to a large extent determined by the magnification, rotation and translation procedure. Uncertainties due to the FPA method itself are of about 1.0 mm and 0.5 degrees in portal images of head and neck fields. These FPA uncertainties are in general smaller than the variations due to patient setups. Matching of simulator and portal images of lateral pelvic fields revealed larger uncertainties: 1.7 mm and 1.1 degrees. Setup variations in this kind of pelvic radiation field are usually also larger, and therefore meaningful results can be obtained with the new FPA method.
KChIP3 Rescues the Functional Expression of Shal Channel Tetramerization Mutants (2004)

KChIP proteins regulate Shal, Kv4.x, channel expression by binding to a conserved sequence at the N terminus of the subunit. The binding of KChIP facilitates a redistribution of Kv4 protein to the cell surface, producing a large increase in current along with significant changes in channel gating kinetics. Recently we have shown that mutants of Kv4.2 lacking the ability to bind an intersubunit Zn(2+) between their T1 domains fail to form functional channels because they are unable to assemble to tetramers and remain trapped in the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we find that KChIPs are capable of rescuing the function of Zn(2+) site mutants by driving the mutant subunits to assemble to tetramers. Thus, in addition to known trafficking effects, KChIPs play a direct role in subunit assembly by binding to monomeric subunits within the endoplasmic reticulum and promoting tetrameric channel assembly. Zn(2+)-less Kv4.2 channels expressed with KChIP3 demonstrate several distinct kinetic changes in channel gating, including a reduced time to peak and faster entry into the inactivated state as well as extending the time to recover from inactivation by 3-4 fold.
Photopolymerizable Zwitterionic Polymer Patterns Control Cell Adhesion and Guide Neural Growth (2017)

Developing materials that reduce or eliminate fibrosis encapsulation of neural prosthetic implants could significantly enhance implant fidelity by improving the tissue/electrode array interface. Here, we report on the photografting and patterning of two zwitterionic materials, sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) and carboxybetaine methacrylate (CBMA) for controlling the adhesion and directionality of cells relevant to neural prosthetics. CBMA and SBMA polymers were photopolymerized and grafted on glass surfaces then characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle, and protein adsorption. Micropatterned surfaces were fabricated with alternating zwitterionic and uncoated bands. Fibroblasts, cells prevalent in fibrotic tissue, almost exclusively migrate and grow on uncoated bands with little to no cells present on zwitterionic bands, especially for CBMA-coated surfaces. Astrocytes and Schwann cells showed similarly low levels of cell adhesion and morphology changes when cultured on zwitterionic surfaces. Additionally, Schwann cells and inner ear spiral ganglion neuron neurites aligned well to zwitterionic patterns.
Preparation of a Camptothecin Prodrug with Glutathione‐Responsive Disulfide Linker for Anticancer Drug Delivery (2013)

We present here a novel camptothecin (CPT) prodrug based on polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether-block-poly(2-methacryl ester hydroxyethyl disulfide-graft-CPT) (MPEG-SS-PCPT). It formed biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters of approximately 122 nm with a CPT loading content as high as approximately 25 wt% in aqueous solution. In in vitro release studies, these MPEG-SS-PCPT NPs could undergo triggered disassembly and much faster release of CPT under glutathione (GSH) stimulus than in the absence of GSH. The CPT prodrug had high antitumor activity, and another anticancer drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX⋅HCl), could also be introduced into the prodrug with a high loading amount. The DOX·HCl-loaded CPT prodrug could deliver two anticancer drugs at the same time to produce a collaborative cytotoxicity toward cancer cells, which suggested that this GSH-responsive NP system might become a promising carrier to improve drug-delivery efficacy.
The Renin-Angiotensin System (1974)

TIGERSTEDT and Bergman established a role for the kidney in blood-pressure regulation at the close of the 19th century. In a classic experiment, they produced hypertension in dogs by injecting a crude extract of kidney, which they called renin.1 Goldblatt called the attention of modern investigators to renal mechanisms of blood-pressure control by producing hypertension in the dog by clamping the renal artery.2 This experiment suggested the release of a pressor substance from the kidney when its circulation was impaired. Since that time, a cascade of enzymes, peptide and steroid hormones and cofactors belonging to the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system have been . . .
Learning for Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems Based on the Gradient-Descent Method (2006)

Standard fuzzy systems suffer the "curse of dimensionality" which has become the bottleneck when applying fuzzy systems to solve complex and high dimensional application problems. This curse of dimensionality results in a larger number of fuzzy rules which reduces the transparency of fuzzy systems. Furthermore too many rules also reduce the generalization capability of fuzzy systems. Hierarchical fuzzy systems have emerged as an effective alternative to overcome this curse of dimensionality and have attracted much attention. However, research on learning methods for hierarchical fuzzy systems and applications is rare. In this paper, we propose a scheme to construct general hierarchical fuzzy systems based on the gradient-descent method. To show the advantages of the proposed method (in terms of accuracy, transparency, generalization capability and fewer rules), this method is applied to a function approximation problem and the result is compared with those obtained by standard (flat) fuzzy systems.
Efficient anonymity-preserving data collection (2006)

The output of a data mining algorithm is only as good as its inputs, and individuals are often unwilling to provide accurate data about sensitive topics such as medical history and personal finance. Individuals maybe willing to share their data, but only if they are assured that it will be used in an aggregate study and that it cannot be linked back to them. Protocols for anonymity-preserving data collection provide this assurance, in the absence of trusted parties, by allowing a set of mutually distrustful respondents to anonymously contribute data to an untrusted data miner.To effectively provide anonymity, a data collection protocol must be collusion resistant, which means that even if all dishonest respondents collude with a dishonest data miner in an attempt to learn the associations between honest respondents and their responses, they will be unable to do so. To achieve collusion resistance, previously proposed protocols for anonymity-preserving data collection have quadratically many communication rounds in the number of respondents, and employ (sometimes incorrectly) complicated cryptographic techniques such as zero-knowledge proofs.We describe a new protocol for anonymity-preserving, collusion resistant data collection. Our protocol has linearly many communication rounds, and achieves collusion resistance without relying on zero-knowledge proofs. This makes it especially suitable for data mining scenarios with a large number of respondents.
A New Fast Iterative Blind Deconvolution Algorithm (2012)

Successful blind image deconvolution algorithms require the exact estimation of the Point Spread Function size, PSF. In the absence of any priori information about the imagery system and the true image, this estimation is normally done by trial and error experimentation, until an acceptable restored image quality is obtained. This paper, presents an exact estimation of the PSF size, which yields the optimum restored image quality for both noisy and noiseless images. It is based on evaluating the detail energy of the wave packet decomposition of the blurred image. The minimum detail energies occur at the optimum PSF size. Having accurately estimated the PSF, the paper also proposes a fast double updating algorithm for improving the quality of the restored image. This is achieved by the least squares minimization of a system of linear equations that minimizes some error functions derived from the blurred image. Moreover, a technique is also proposed to improve the sharpness of the deconvolved images, by constrained maximization of some of the detail wavelet packet energies. Simulation results of several examples have verified that the proposed technique manages to yield a sharper image with higher PSNR than classical approaches.
Hydrodynamically Driven Colloidal Assembly in Dip Coating (2013)

We study the hydrodynamics of dip coating from a suspension and report a mechanism for colloidal assembly and pattern formation on smooth substrates. Below a critical withdrawal speed where the coating film is thinner than the particle diameter, capillary forces induced by deformation of the free surface prevent the convective transport of single particles through the meniscus beneath the film. Capillary-induced forces are balanced by hydrodynamic drag only after a minimum number of particles assemble within the meniscus. The particle assembly can thus enter the thin film where it moves at nearly the withdrawal speed and rapidly separates from the next assembly. The interplay between hydrodynamic and capillary forces produces periodic and regular structures below a critical ratio Ca(2/3)/sqrt[Bo] < 0.7, where Ca and Bo are the capillary and Bond numbers, respectively. An analytical model and numerical simulations are presented for the case of two-dimensional flow with circular particles in suspension. The hydrodynamically driven assembly documented here is consistent with stripe pattern formations observed experimentally in dip coating.
Querkontraktionszahl von Papier (1990)

On discute du coefficient de Poisson du papier, de sa mesure et de sa valeur en fonction de la direction d'essai
<scp>CD</scp>8<sup>+</sup><scp>MAIT</scp> cells infiltrate into the <scp>CNS</scp> and alterations in their blood frequencies correlate with <scp>IL</scp>‐18 serum levels in multiple sclerosis (2014)

Recent findings indicate a pathogenic involvement of IL-17-producing CD8(+) T cells in multiple sclerosis (MS). IL-17 production has been attributed to a subset of CD8(+) T cells that belong to the mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell population. Here, we report a reduction of CD8(+) MAIT cells in the blood of MS patients compared with healthy individuals, which significantly correlated with IL-18 serum levels in MS patients. In vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and MS patients with IL-18 specifically activated CD8(+) MAIT cells. Moreover, IL-18 together with T-cell receptor stimulation induced, specifically on CD8(+) MAIT cells, an upregulation of the integrin very late antigen-4 that is essential for the infiltration of CD8(+) T cells into the CNS. Notably, we were able to identify CD8(+) MAIT cells in MS brain lesions by immunohistochemistry while they were almost absent in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In summary, our findings indicate that an IL-18-driven activation of CD8(+) MAIT cells contributes to their CNS infiltration in MS, in turn leading to reduced CD8(+) MAIT-cell frequencies in the blood. Therefore, CD8(+) MAIT cells seem to play a role in the innate arm of immunopathology in MS.
Viscosity and Density Models for Aerated Oil in Fluid-Film Bearings© (1999)

Analytical models are derived for the viscosity and the density of aerated oil in fluid-film bearings. The models account for the effects of fluid-film pressure, fluid-film geometry, oil aeration rate and bubble surface tension. The viscosity model confirms experimental evidence that the viscosity of aerated oil can be significantly higher than for non-aerated oil. The new models can be used with Reynolds' equation to predict the behavior of fluid-film bearings lubricated by aerated oil.
Genetic Determinants of Response to Clopidogrel and Cardiovascular Events (2008)

Among patients with an acute myocardial infarction who were receiving clopidogrel, those carrying CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles had a higher rate of subsequent cardiovascular events than those who were not. This effect was particularly marked among the patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00673036.)
A modular family 19 chitinase found in the prokaryotic organism Streptomyces griseus HUT 6037 (1996)

The specificity of chitinase C-1 of Streptomyces griseus HUT 6037 for the hydrolysis of the beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages in partially acetylated chitosan is different from that of other microbial chitinases. In order to study the primary structure of this unique chitinase, the chiC gene specifying chitinase C-1 was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 294 amino acids with a calculated size of 31.4 kDa. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the deduced polypeptide with that of other proteins revealed a C-terminal catalytic domain displaying considerable sequence similarity to the catalytic domain of plant class I, II, and IV chitinases which form glycosyl hydrolase family 19. The N-terminal domain of the deduced polypeptide exhibits sequence similarity to substrate-binding domains of several microbial chitinases and cellulases but not to the chitin-binding domains of plant chitinases. The previously purified chitinase C-1 from S. griseus is suggested to be generated by proteolytic removal of the N-terminal chitin-binding domain and corresponds to the catalytic domain of the chitinase encoded by the chiC gene. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the hydrolysis products from N-acetyl chitotetraose revealed that chitinase C-1 catalyzes hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond with inversion of the anomeric configuration, in agreement with the previously reported inverting mechanism of plant class I chitinases. This is the first report of a family 19 chitinase found in an organism other than higher plants.