gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cervical cancer chemoprevention, vaccines, and surrogate endpoint biomarkers (2003)

At the Second International Conference on Cervical Cancer, held April 11-14, 2002, experts in cervical cancer prevention, detection, and treatment reviewed the need for more research in chemoprevention, including prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines, immunomodulators, peptides, and surrogate endpoint biomarkers. Investigators and clinicians noted the need for more rigorous Phase I randomized clinical trials, more attention to the risk factors that can affect study results in this patient population, and validation of optical technologies that will provide valuable quantitative information in real time regarding disease regression and progression. They discussed the role of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer development and the importance of developing strategies to suppress HPV persistence and progression. Results in Phase I randomized clinical trials have been disappointing because few have demonstrated statistically significant regression attributable to the agent tested. Researchers recommended using a transgenic mouse model to test and validate new compounds, initiating vaccine and immunomodulator trials, and developing immunologic surrogate endpoint biomarkers.
New PET-Based Liquid Crystalline Copolyesters and Their Use in Blends and Composites (2001)

New liquid crystalline copolyesters have been synthesized by melt transesterification of poly(ethylene terephthalate), p(ET), with 4-acetoxybenzoic acid (H), and varying proportions of equimolar mixtures of diacetylated 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl (B) and terephthalic acid (T). The solidification of the polymerizing mixture due to segregation of a highly aromatic crystalline phase, which limited the available range of compositions when p(ET) was modified with H only, was shown not to take place when moderate amounts of T and B were added to H. The p(ETHB) copolyesters are shown to posses high structural homogeneity, even when the content of p(ET) in the starting mixture is as low as 10 mol-%. The thermal properties of the copolyesters can be changed in a fairly wide range by varying the chemical composition. As a result, the properties of the new LCPs can easily be optimized in view of different applications, such as the production of blends with flexible thermoplastics or of glass fiber-reinforced composites.
Stability of transgene expression during vegetative propagation of protoplast-derived tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plants (1998)

The expression of a β-glucuronidase (GUS) transgene, under the control of the rice actin1 promoter and first intron, introduced via PEG-mediated transformation of protoplasts, has been followed through a number of generations of vegetative propagation (tillering) in the forage grass Festuca arundinacea. Gene expression was found to be particularly unstable during early generations of tillering, but more stable in the fourth or fifth tiller generation. Loss of transgene expression was not due to deletion of the transgene nor was it due to gross rearrangements in the transgene as demonstrated by Southern blot analysis of expressing and non-expressing tillers. Loss of transgene expression due to hypermethylation of the transgene promoter has been shown previously, but in this case it was not possible to detect differences in the methylation patterns of the coding and promoter regions of expressing and non-expressing tillers. The implications for screening of transgenic plants intended to be vegetatively propagated are discussed.
Growth of ultralong potassium titanate whiskers by the KCl flux method with metallic titanium materials (2012)

Well-formed, highly crystalline potassium titanate whiskers were successfully grown by the KCl flux cooling method at a holding temperature of 800 °C using metallic titanium materials. Of primary importance were the metallic Ti spheres and potassium chloride powders that were used as the starting materials for growth of the titanate whiskers. Ultralong K2Ti6O13 whiskers grew radially from the center of the Ti spheres by our flux technique. Cross-sectional SEM images demonstrate that the ultralong whiskers were grown on the TiO2 crystal layer, and the whisker spheres had a bilayer structure that was hollow in the center. When Ti powders were used as the starting material, spherical aggregation of K2Ti6O13 and K2Ti4O9 whiskers occurred. The product structures were different from those obtained from metallic Ti spheres. Based on SEM, EDS and XRD, the formation mechanism of the ultralong whiskers was also discussed. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the whiskers was confirmed by trichloroethylene degradation under ultraviolet light irradiation.
Highly-distributed sensor processing using IoT for critical infrastructure monitoring (2017)

Highly-distributed signal processing for critical monitoring infrastructures has been a main research topic over the last decade. Under this context, we show the three phases of the joint "Cyber-physical control system" project; a collaboration between Imperial College London and NEC Corp. Japan. First, the implementation of edge processing with multiple tasks including data mining and communication, developed on a lightweight single core low-powered MCU system is presented. This algorithm has been effectively customized to be implemented on resource-constrained embedded systems. The developed sensor network is coupled with a low-powered wide range LoRa platform for transmission of the minimized payload. The work explores the node-to-node communication limitations and discusses how edge processing can be used for water network control and we present the overview of a Cyber-physical control system which is concerned with the event-triggered control of a water network. Finally, the results of the LoRa communication tests are given.
Feeder layer and nutritional requirements for the establishment and cloning of human malignant lymphoma cell lines. (1979)

Cell lines were successfully established in continuous suspension culture from 10 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (SU-DHL-1 to SU-DHL-10), two with North American Burkitt's lymphoma (SU-AmB-1 and SU-AmB-2), and one with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (SU-ALL-1). By screening a variety of parameters, including media, sera, effusion fluids, feeder layers, and chemical supplements, the nutritive growth requirements of lymphoma cells obtained from malignant effusions and lymph node biopsies were determined for each tumor. Most of these cell lines initially required human skin fibroblast or epithelial cell feeder layers from which they could be weaned after one to six weeks in culture and maintained in Roswell Park Memorial Institute Tissue Culture Medium 1640 containing 20% fetal calf serum and 10% pooled human serum. Several of these cell lines were successfully cloned on 0.5% Noble agar substrates. In the presence of human serum and selected feeder monolayers, cloning efficiencies increased significantly from less than 1% to 15 to 25%. In addition, the cloning efficiencies of certain cell lines showed a concentration-dependent increase with specific chemical supplements including L-cysteine and dithiothreitol. Placental colony-stimulating factor, nerve growth factor, epithelial growth factor, and fibroblastic growth factor were ineffective in augmenting the cloning efficiencies of the human lymphoma cell lines. After a single passage on agar, cells subpassaged from visible colonies showed markedly increased cloning efficiencies to levels as high as 50%. Such cloning efficiencies, coupled with the use of replica plating, make this technique applicable to genetic and quantitative radiobiological, immunological, and chemotherapeutic studies. Although these methods have thus far been used only with lymphoreticular tumors, they may also be applicable to the cell culture of other human neoplasms and normal tissues.
Phage display identification of age-associated TNFα-mediated cardiac oxidative induction (2004)

Age-associated alterations in the actions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) in the heart with impaired cardioprotective pathways and enhanced apoptotic induction may contribute to the increased severity of cardiovascular pathology in older persons. To identify the molecular events mediating these changes in the microvasculature of the aging rodent heart, the biochemical properties of in vivo phage-display cyclic peptide cardiac biopanning were studied. Analysis of individual amino acid positions revealed that the center of the peptide motif (amino acid position 4) had a significantly higher frequency of aromatic amino acid side chains in phage homing to the old hearts compared with young controls (18 mo old, 11% vs. 3 mo old, 3%, P < 0.05). This subset of phage motifs revealed an age-associated homology with oxidoreductase enzymes (homology: 18 mo, 7/7; 3 mo, 0/2), suggesting the substrates and/or binding sites of these enzymes are increased in the aging hearts. Immunostaining for the oxidoreductase substrate 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a cardiotoxic lipid peroxidation product, demonstrated a twofold higher density of HNE(+) cells in PBS-treated hearts of old mice (18 mo) compared with young controls (3 mo) (18 mo, 3.2 +/- 2.8 vs. 3 mo, 1.0 +/- 0.9 cells/HPF, P < 0.05). Moreover, intracardiac injection of TNFalpha resulted in a significantly greater increase in HNE staining in the old hearts (18 mo, 16.9 +/- 13.8 vs. 3 mo, 9.1 +/- 6.0 cells/HPF, P < 0.05). Overall, these studies demonstrate that aging-associated alterations in TNFalpha-mediated pathways with induction of reactive oxidative species and changes in vascular surface binding sites may contribute mechanistically to the increased cardiovascular pathology of the aging heart.
When Did that Happen? â€” Linking Events and Relations to Timestamps (2012)

We present work on linking events and fluents (i.e., relations that hold for certain periods of time) to temporal information in text, which is an important enabler for many applications such as timelines and reasoning. Previous research has mainly focused on temporal links for events, and we extend that work to include fluents as well, presenting a common methodology for linking both events and relations to timestamps within the same sentence. Our approach combines tree kernels with classical feature-based learning to exploit context and achieves competitive F1-scores on event-time linking, and comparable F1scores for fluents. Our best systems achieve F1-scores of 0.76 on events and 0.72 on fluents. 1
Biological Gain Control for High Dynamic Range Compression (2003)

The visual system has the ability to see and obtain detailed information from a highly dynamic range of a scene. For example, a person can observe items in one range by observing the inside of a dim room as well as outside through a window. An algorithm for high dynamic range compression that can be applied for still and video images is presented. This algorithm is based on a biological model that is also suggested for wide dynamic range and lightness constancy. It succeeded in automatically compressing the dynamic range of images to a ‘human vision appearance’ (as is commonly required in cameras and displays) while maintaining and even improving contrast. The biological basis is expressed as retinal mechanisms of adaptation (gain control), both ‘local’, and ‘remote’, that enable also video image applications by taking into account the dynamics of human adaptation mechanisms. The results indicate the significant and robust contribution of adaptation mechanisms in image appearance, and have been found appropriate for next generation High dynamic range cameras (CMOS based).
Using Barrier Impact Data to Determine Speed Change in Aligned, Low-Speed, Vehicle-to-Vehicle Collisions (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper evaluates the accuracy of different methods for determining the speed change during vehicle-to-vehicle collisions from isolator compression and low-speed barrier data. A controlled regimen of 938 aligned, low-speed collisions was completed, including a series in which collision force data were collected to compare vehicle-to-barrier and vehicle-to-Vehicle Collisions. Five vehicles (four with isolators and one with a foam-core bumper) were tested against a rigid barrier and against each other in collisions below damage threshold. Three methods of assessing the speed change of a low-speed vehicle-to-vehicle collision are evaluated as alternatives to a fourth method: staging collisions with exemplar vehicles. For each of the three methods, the expected accuracy and limitations are presented.</div>
Amyloid fibrils in hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis of Icelandic type is a variant of gamma-trace basic protein (cystatin C). (1986)

A gamma-trace variant protein is the major constituent of the amyloid fibrils in patients from Iceland with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis. The protein consists of 110 residues and is similar to human urinary gamma-trace basic protein (or cystatin C) beginning at its 11th amino-terminal residue. It has an amino acid substitution (glutamine for leucine) at position 58 (position 68 in gamma-trace numbering), which is near the proposed active site of related proteins--namely, cysteine protease inhibitors and kininogens. It is postulated that a point mutation has occurred, leading to the production of an unusual protein that is abnormally degraded, bound, and/or precipitated. Alternatively, gamma-trace basic protein may be genetically polymorphic, and the variant described here may represent an as-yet-undiscovered isotype or an allelic form that is linked to, but not responsible for, the deposition disease. Our data on the structure of a gamma-trace variant protein suggests that its gene expresses a polyprotein precursor in which active peptides are flanked by basic amino acid residues that permit cleavage to liberate small internal peptides. It is likely that the nucleotide sequence coding for Arg-Xaa and Lys-Xaa repeated several times in the molecule may function as alternative splicing sites for mRNA processing.
High TX-to-RX Isolation in UHF RFID Using Narrowband Leaking Carrier Canceller (2010)

Ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) system suffers from large leakage of the carrier due to insufficient TX-to-RX isolation. A narrowband leaking carrier canceller (LCC) for UHF RFID is proposed to enhance the isolation. Hardware realization is carried out based on simulation model in ADS (advanced design system). Measurement results indicate that the TX-to-RX isolation is improved from 20 dB to above 40 dB within UHF RFID frequency band of 920-925 MHz. Upper limit of increase in isolation versus amplitude and phase distortion are also presented and discussed.
The use of geographical information systems in climatology and meteorology (2003)

The proliferation of ‘commercial off-the-shelf’ geographical information systems into the scientific community has resulted in the widespread use of spatial climate data in a variety of applications. This paper presents a review of the role of geographical information systems in climatology and meteorology by (i) discussing methods used to derive and refine spatial climate data and (ii) reviewing the bespoke application of GIS and spatial climate datasets in agriculture, ecology, forestry, health and disease, weather forecasting, hydrology, transport, urban environments, energy and climate change.
Immunoadjuvant Activity of Crude Lectin Extracted from Momordica Charantia Seed (2008)

The aim of this study is to investigate the immunoadjuvant activity of the crude Momordica charantia lectin (crMCL) extracted from seed using beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) as the model antigen. BALB/c mice were injected intramuscularly with beta-gal alone or beta-gal + crMCL for up to four immunizations at two-week intervals. After administration of 2 doses, the IgG-specific titer to beta-gal was significantly higher in mice in the beta-gal + crMCL group than in that from the animals from the beta-gal alone group, while it was about the same in both groups after 1 dose. Our data suggest that crMCL may help raise antibodies under the prime and boost administration regimen and could be a potent vaccine adjuvant.
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz y el concepto de estudio (2016)

El texto a continuacion presenta un analisis de la carta escrita por Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz titulada Respuesta de la poetisa a la muy ilustre Sor Filotea de la Cruz . El tema que sera de nuestro interes es su concepcion de “estudio”. Esta concepcion no se aborda directamente en el texto, sino que se lee entre lineas en el relato autobiografico con tintes filosoficos que escribe la monja jeronima. Proponemos que hay tres razones predominantes para estudiar este texto bajo la luz filosofica del concepto estudio: a) la importancia que se le ha dado al tema de “el estudio” en circulos anglosajones de filosofia de la educacion, b) la necesidad de traer a la luz contra-narrativas sobre temas en educacion y c) el recuento autobiografico de Sor Juana donde apologeticamente describe sus habitos de estudio son un ejemplo brillante de aquello que Linda Marin Alcoff llama “autoconocimiento contextuado”, que segun esta autora es un rasgo caracteristico de la filosofia latinoamericana. El analisis que realizamos nos deja ver que existen tres concepciones distintas de “estudio” que maneja Sor Juana en el texto: 1) estudio como ignorar menos, 2) estudio como travesura, y 3) estudio como llamado personal. Ademas de estas tres distinciones, el estudio que Sor Juana realiza es algo mas que solo bibliofilico. En el texto ella explica como dedica su vida al estudio no solo de los libros y de temas escolasticos, sino tambien y predominantemente estudia la “maquina universal”, siendo esta todo lo que le rodea y cualquier situacion en la que se encuentre. Palabras clave: estudio, ignorancia, travesura, llamado personal, filosofia situada.
Improving position estimation on RFID tag floor localization using RFID reader transmission power control (2009)

Localization of indoor mobile robot is one of main issues on service robot area. Various sensor systems like odometry, INS, ultra sonic, laser lange finder (LRF), RF range systems such as UWB and chirp spread-spectrum (CSS), and vision have been applied to solve localization problem. RFID system can be a solution due to the low cost and scalability. A RFID system used to localize mobile robot in distributed tags on the floor is called RFID tag floor localization system. RFID tag floor localization system generally uses fixed tag recognition range or probability model. In this paper, RFID reader transmission power control is introduced to change the tag recognition range to get more information about distances of tags. Using RFID power control, the performance of a position estimation was improved in simulation. The experimental results also showed improvement.
Effects of growth hormone on gill chloride cells in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (1994)

Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of ovine growth hormone (oGH) on both the ultrastructural features of chloride cells and the ability of gills to extrude Na+ after transfer into seawater. February presmolts and June parrs of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were implanted with oGH. In such animals, spontaneously showing a poor ability to adapt themselves to seawater life, GH significantly increased gill Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase activity as well as gill sodium efflux into seawater. When examined by electron microscope, two types of chloride cells (alpha- and beta-types) were identified in control parrs and presmolts. GH treatment induced an increase in size and number of alpha-cells that displayed an extensive tubular system, while the beta-cells, thought to be specific to freshwater life, decreased in number. There was, concomitantly, an increase in number of accessory cells associated with the apical portion of the alpha-cells and, as a result, the formation of extensive shallow junctions between these cell types. Such functional and ultrastructural modifications that mimicked those naturally occurring during the last steps of the smoltification strongly suggest that GH stimulates the differentiation of freshwater chloride cells toward a seawater type.
Legionellosis: epidemiology, management and prevention. (2004)

Legionellosis is an acute bacterial pneumonia, which is associated with a mortality rate of approximately 10-15 per cent in healthy individuals. It was first identified in the USA following an outbreak of pneumonia among delegates at a legionnaires' convention. Antibiotics provide effective treatment. Outbreaks continue to occur and have the most significant effects on older people and other vulnerable groups.
Index‐Linked Bonds: Snare and Delusion (1982)

Index‐linking has been urged as the way to make inflation tolerable and also to discourage it. David Mann maintains that, especially when inflation is abating, index‐linking is inequitable and an act of virtual dishonesty by government.
SplitArchitecture: Applying the Software Defined Networking Concept to Carrier Networks (2012)

Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow in particular has a lot of interest in the research and the academic communities. The SDN concept evolves current design philosophies and could be assumed as one approach of a future clean slate internet design. Nonetheless, the concept requires some advancement for integration in a carrier network environment. The ICT project SPARC, funded by the European Commission, is developing a SplitArchitecture concept in order to close this gap. Based on typical use cases, requirements have been derived and integrated in the process of developing the concept. The service creation for residential customers in access/ aggregation networks is a first result. Moreover an overview on the improvements by SplitArchitecture for carrier networks is provided.
Segmentation of Kidneys and Pelvic Organs from CT by Posterior Optimization of M-reps (2006)

Kidneys from multi-patient populations and pelvic organs from multi-day populations from a single patient were segmented by training a prior on m-rep shape and a likelihood function on regional histogram quantiles and then optimizing the posterior, finding the most probable m-rep given the image intensities. The results are compared to human segmentations and show that the log posterior objective function provides segmentations in as good or better agreement with humans than the humans agree with each other.
A New Spray Coating Process for Manufacture of Stainless Steel Clad Construction Steel with Resistance to Corrosion by De-icing Salts & Seawater (2003)

Abstract The world’s first plant for manufacture of stainless steel clad structural steel is now operational in the USA. The process consists of coating round steel billets with a spray of stainless steel. A metallurgical bond is achieved so that the billets can be reheated and hot worked into long products while retaining the integrity of the coating. The process consists of teeming stainless steel from a ladle into a spray chamber and atomizing the emerging stream with jets of nitrogen to form a spray of semi-liquid particles. The spray is directed onto a 140mm diameter preheated carbon steel billet to form a thick coating (4 – 5mm). The spraying rate of 50Kg/minute produces clad billet at the rate of 15tonnes/hr. Billet is then hot rolled in a conventional bar mill to make corrosion resistant clad steel sections such as rebar and dowel pins. Coating thickness after rolling is in the range 0.5 – 1.0 mm depending on the final section. Clad products have a life expectancy of 75 – 100 years in high chloride environments such as tidal zones, bridge decks and highways treated with de-icing salts. The spray coating process is described together with mechanical properties of the clad bar and results of corrosion tests. The economics of stainless clad steels vs. other corrosion resistant materials are reviewed.