gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gender as a predictor for optimal dynamic scheduling of oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Results from EORTC randomized phase III trial 05963 (2005)

3587 Background: Gender-related differences characterize colorectal cancer incidence, gene expression patterns as well as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) pharmacology (dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity, 5-FU clearance and circadian rhythm amplitude lower in females (F) than males (M)). Yet gender is not a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC). Here, the impact of gender was examined in a randomized multicenter trial in 564 MCC patients where no difference in OS was found between two schedules of oxaliplatin, 5-FU and leucovorin: FOLFOX or 4 day chronomodulation (CHRONO) (Giacchetti et al., ASCO 2004, # 3526). Methods: The prognostic and predictive value of gender for effect of CHRONO on OS was tested using the log-rank test and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Analyses further assessed gender prognostic and predictive values for Progression Free Survival (PFS), Objective Response (OR) and Overall Toxicity (OTOX: occurrence of any grade 3–4 main toxicity per pt). Results: Gender was not a prognostic factor for OS (p=0.11), PFS or OR. F patients displayed significantly higher OTOX than M (72.6% vs 55.9%, p<0.001). Strong gender-schedule interactions were demonstrated for both PFS (p = 0.008) and OS (p = 0.001). In F, the median OS was 19.3 months (mo) on FOLFOX as compared to 16.3 mo on chrono (Log Rank, p = 0.027, 38% larger risk of death). Conversely, the median survival of M pts was improved by 3.1 mo with CHRONO as compared to FOLFOX (21.4 vs 18.3 mo; p = 0.018, 25% lower risk of death). The gender-schedule interaction was present in each age and performance status subgroup. The predictive value of gender for schedule effect on OS was confirmed following adjustment for pt characteristics. Conclusions: Gender strongly and significantly predicted for the best dynamic scheduling of chemotherapy to optimize OS. The CHRONO schedule tested here produced a clear survival advantage over FOLFOX in males (2/3 of the MCC patients). Gender-based differences in circadian pharmacology will guide the development of a better circadian delivery schedule in female MCC pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dynamic resource allocation in line-of-sight microcells (1993)

A 10-cell, 10-channel line-of-sight (LOS) microcellular environment with Poisson arrivals and exponentially distributed holding times is stimulated. The performance of cellular systems for personal communications networks (PCNs) is evaluated. Call blocking, bumping, and dropping probabilities, as affected by fast fading, power control, and traffic load, for LOS, 900-MHz microcellular environments are discussed. It is established that DRA (dynamic resource allocation) using local information only does not result in a performance penalty. In fact, in the cases of interest, it performs significantly better than fixed channel allocation, increasing capacity by about 20%, or even as much as 60% with power control. It is shown that fast fading results in a limited increase, about 2-3 times the blocking probability, while the use of power control translates directly, and consistently, into a significant increase in traffic handling capacity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Homoleptic Tin and Silicon Amido Compounds as Precursors for Low-Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tin and Silicon Oxide Thin Films (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomoleptic Tin and Silicon Amido Compounds as Precursors for Low-Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tin and Silicon Oxide Thin FilmsLauren M. Atagi, David M. Hoffman, Jia-Rui Liu, Zongshuang Zheng, Wei-Kan Chu, Rodrigo R. Rubiano, Robert W. Springer, and David C. SmithCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 4, 360–361Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00040a005https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00040a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards understanding brain-gut-microbiome connections in Alzheimer’s disease (2016)

Employing an integrated computational approach, we provide intriguing and supporting evidence for a role of microbial metabolites, an important modifiable environmental factor, in AD etiology. Our study provides the foundations for subsequent hypothesis-driven biological and clinical studies of brain-gut-environment interactions in AD.
Soy-based adhesive cross-linked by melamine–glyoxal and epoxy resin (2016)

To develop a soy-based adhesive with good water resistance, non-toxic melamine–glyoxal resin (MG) prepared in the laboratory was used as a cross-linker of soy-based adhesive. The FT-IR and ESI-MS results showed that there was a reaction between melamine and glyoxal. The resulted –CH–OH– groups could be the possible reactive groups for the cross-linking of soy-based adhesive. The wet shear strength of soy-based plywood indicated that the water resistance of soy adhesive cross-linked by MG improved with respect to that with no cross-linker, although it was not good enough to satisfy the relative standard. With the optimized preparation procedures for plywood, specifically, press temperature 180 °C, press time 3 min and resin loading 280 g m−2, type I soy-based plywood could be prepared with a hybrid cross-linker, namely 12%MG + 2% epoxy resin (EPR). The DSC results showed that the reaction between soy-based adhesive and the hybrid cross-linker MG + EPR was very complex.
Income Inequality and Welfare Spending: A Disaggregated Analysis (2002)

The welfare state is generally viewed as either providing redistribution from rich to poor or as providing publicly-financed insurance. Both views are incomplete. Welfare policies provide both insurance and redistribution in varying amounts, depending on the design of the policy. We explore the political consequences of the mix of redistribution and insurance in the context of studying the impact of income inequality on expenditures in different categories of welfare spending in advanced industrial socieities from 1980-1995. We find that spending on pensions, health care, family benefits, poverty alleviation and housing subsidies is largely uncorrelated with income inequality, but that spending on income replacement programs such as unemployment insurance, sickness pay, occupational illness and disability are signinficantly higher in countries with more egalitarian income distributions. We show that this pattern is exactly what a theory of political support for redistributive social insurance programs would predict.
HOW MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS CAN CLARIFY COMPLEX PROBLEMS IN STATISTICAL PHYSICS (2001)

Statistical mechanics of condensed matter systems in physics (fluids and solids) derives macroscopic equilibrium properties of these systems as averages computed from a Hamiltonian that describes the atomistic interactions in the system. While analytic methods for most problems involve uncontrolled approximations, Monte Carlo simulations allow numerically exact treatments, apart from statistical errors and from the systematic problem that finite systems are treated rather than the thermodynamic limit. However, this problem can be overcome by finite size scaling methods, and thus Monte Carlo methods have become a very powerful tool to study even complex phase transitions. Examples given will include unmixing of polymer blends, two-dimensional melting, etc.
Vacuum-based wet adhesion system for wall climbing robots -Lubricating action and seal action by the liquid- (2009)

This paper presents a vacuum-based wet adhesion system for wall climbing robots. This system allows an adherability and low friction performance when a suction cup adheres on rough surface such as concrete wall with small vacuum pump. It utilizes a seal action and lubrication action of a liquid to make the robot body adherable and slidable on the surface. The measurements of friction and seal performance on rough surface and smooth glass verify the effectiveness of the wet adhesion system we proposed.
Cell Swelling, Blebbing, and Death Are Dependent on ATP Depletion and Independent of Calcium During Chemical Hypoxia in a Glial Cell Line (ROC‐1) (1992)

The morphological and biochemical changes that occur during chemical hypoxic injury in a neural cell line were studied in the presence and absence of calcium. Oligodendroglial-glioma hybrid cells (ROC-1) were subjected to inhibitors of glycolytic and oxidative ATP synthesis (chemical hypoxia). Complete respiratory inhibition depleted [ATP] to less than 5% of control by 4 min. Blebs appeared on the cell surfaces and cells began to swell within a few minutes of ATP depletion. A 200% increase in cell volume and bleb coalescence preceded irreversible cell injury (lactate dehydrogenase release) which began at approximately 20 min with 50% cell death by 40 min. In energized cells an equivalent degree of osmotic swelling induced by ouabain inhibition of the Na+, K(+)-ATPase pump did not produce blebbing or cell death. Partial inhibition of respiration decreased [ATP] to approximately 10% of control by 40 min. Blebbing and swelling began at 40 min and bleb coalescence preceded plasma membrane disruption which began at approximately 55 min. ATP depletion, blebbing, swelling, and death followed similar time courses in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium ([Ca2+]e). Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) was measured using fura-2. In calcium-containing medium metabolic inhibition caused a transient increase in resting [Ca2+]i (100 +/- 17 nM) followed by a low steady-state level preceding plasma membrane disruption. Following deenergization in calcium-free medium, [Ca2+]i remained below 60 nM throughout injury and death. These data suggest that decreased ATP initiates a sequence of events including bleb formation and cell swelling that lead to irreversible cell injury in the absence of large increases in [Ca2+]i.
The dynamic characteristics of a valve-less micropump (2012)

The aim of this paper is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a valve-less micropump. A dynamic mathematical model of the micropump based on a hydraulic analogue system and a simulation method using AMESim software are developed. By using the finite-element analysis method, the static analysis of the diaphragm is carried out to obtain the maximum deflection and volumetric displacement. Dynamic characteristics of the valve-less micropump under different excitation voltages and frequencies are simulated and tested. Because of the discrepancy between simulation results and experimental data at frequencies other than the natural frequency, the revised model for the diaphragm maximum volumetric displacement is presented. Comparison between the simulation results based on the revised model and experimental data shows that the dynamic mathematical model based on the hydraulic analogue system is capable of predicting dynamic characteristics of the valve-less micropump at any excitation voltage and frequency.
Preparation, Characterization and In-vitro Evaluation of Microcapsules for Controlled Release of Diltiazem Hydrochloride by Ionotropic Gelation Technique (2013)

The problems of frequent administration and variable low bioavailability after oral administration of conventional dosage forms of diltiazem can be attenuated by designing it in the form of microcapsules which would facilitate intimate contact with the absorption surface and thereby improve and enhance the bioavailability. Diltiazem-loaded microcapsules were successfully prepared by ionotropic gelation technique employing Sodium carboxy methylcellulose, Xanthan gum as rate controlling polymers and Aluminium chloride as cross linking agent. Microcapsules obtained were discrete, spherical, free flowing and showed a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 91.20 ± 0.08%. Particle size of the microcapsules was found to be in the range of 1009 – 1311 µm. Interaction studies performed using FTIR spectroscopy revealed that there were no drug and polymer interactions. The drug remained dispersed in the polymer matrix in amorphous state, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The in vitro drug release follows matrix-diffusion controlled release and the release mechanism was non-Fickian type controlled by swelling and relaxation of polymer. There was no significant change in drug content and cumulative drug release of drug-loaded microcapsules stored at different storage condition after 90 days. From the study, it was concluded that diltiazem loaded microcapsules could be successfully prepared by ionotropic gelation technique with high entrapment efficiency and prolonged release characteristics.
Strong overexpression of CXCR3 axis components in childhood inflammatory bowel disease (2010)

Our study provides evidence of the significant overexpression of the CXCR3 axis in active IBD, suggesting it has a role in IBD pathogenesis. The rs6817952 A variant is a risk allele for pediatric CD and UC in all age groups. Therapeutic studies will have to show whether the blockade of chemokine receptors such as CXCR3 can modulate intestinal inflammation in a clinical application.
Intrusion-tolerant group management in Enclaves (2002)

Groupware applications require secure communication and group-management services. Participants in such applications may have divergent interests and may not fully trust each other. The services provided must then be designed to tolerate possibly misbehaving participants. Enclaves is a software framework for building such group applications. We discuss how the protocols used by Enclaves can be modified to guarantee proper service in the presence of nontrustworthy group members. We show how the improved protocol was formally specified and proven correct.
High Repetition Rate, Low Jitter, Fundamentally Mode-locked Soliton Er-fiber Laser (2007)

Generation of low jitter 167 fs pulses at a fundamental repetition rate of 194 MHz from a passively mode-locked soliton Er-fiber laser via nonlinear polarization rotation is reported. Performance of the laser and potential applications are discussed.
Degradation of addition polymers by ultrasonic waves. V. Effect of initial average chain length (1958)

Abstract The effect of initial weight average chain length of addition polymers (polystyrene in benzene) on the degradation parameters is studied in the light of previously developed theories. Results obtained are compared with those of Jellinek and White. An alternative mechanism of ultrasonic degradation of high polymers is suggested. Its mathematical analysis shows that resonant vibration of polymer molecules is possible. Factors affecting mechanism are discussed to account for the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental results.
Transconductance improvement in surface-channel SiGe <i>p</i>-metal-oxide-silicon field-effect transistors using a ZrO2 gate dielectric (2001)

Silicon and surface-channel SiGe p-metal-oxide-silicon field-effect transistors (p-MOSFETs) using a ZrO2 gate dielectric with equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) less than 20 Å was fabricated. These p-MOSFETs show similar behavior to that of other high-k gate dielectric p-MOSFETs reported in the literature, and mobility enhancement is observed in the surface-channel SiGe p-MOSFETs.
Uniform electron gas for transition metals: Input parameters (1993)

Input parameters are reported for the theory of ideal metals, a uniform electron-gas model of the elemental transition metals. These input parameters, the electron density, and the ``bonding valence,'' have been given previously for the 3d and 4d series of transition metals. Here, we extend our work based on recent calculations of Sigalas et al. [Phys. Rev. B 45, 5777 (1992)] to include the 5d series. We have also calculated the cohesive energies of the 5d transition metals using the theory of ideal metals with these parameters. The calculations agree with experiment to within \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}25%.
Structure of synthetic monoclinic Na-rich birnessite and hexagonal birnessite; I, Results from X-ray diffraction and selected-area electron diffraction (1997)

Synthetic Na-rich birnessite (NaBi) and its low pH form, hexagonal birnessite (HBi), were studied by X-ray and selected-area electron diffraction (XRD, SAED). SAED patterns were also obtained for synthetic Sr-exchanged birnessite (SrBi) microcrystals in which Sr was substituted for Na. XRD confirmed the one-layer monoclinic structure of NaBi and the one-layer hexagonal structure of HBi with subcell parameters a = 5.172 Aa, b = 2.849 Aa, c = 7.34 Aa, beta = 103.3 degrees and a = 2.848 Aa, c = 7.19 Aa, gamma = 120 degrees , respectively. In addition to super-reflection networks, SAED patterns for NaBi and SrBi contain satellite reflections. On the basis of these experimental observations, structural models for NaBi and HBi are proposed. NaBi consists of almost vacancy-free Mn octahedral layers. The departure from the hexagonal symmetry of layers is caused by the Jahn-Teller distortion associated with the substitution of Mn (super 3+) for Mn (super 4+) . The supercell A = 3a parameter arises from the ordered distribution of Mn (super 3+) -rich rows parallel to [010] and separated from each other along [100] by two Mn (super 4+) rows. The superstructure in the b direction of NaBi type II (B = 3b) comes from the ordered distribution of Na cations in the interlayer space. The maximum value of the layer negative charge is equal to 0.333 v.u. per Mn atom and is obtained when Mn (super 3+) -rich rows are free of Mn (super 4+) . The idealized structural formula proposed for NaBi type II is Na (sub 0.333) (Mn (super 4+) (sub 0.722) Mn (super 3+) (sub 0.222) Mn (super 2+) (sub 0.055) )O 2 . NaBi type I has a lower amount of Mn (super 3+) and its ideal composition would vary from Na (sub 0.167) (Mn (super 4+) (sub 0.833) Mn (super 3+) (sub 0.167) )O 2 to Na (sub 0.25) (Mn (super 4+) (sub 0.75) Mn (super 3+) (sub 0.25) )O 2 . Satellites in SAED patterns of NaBi crystals result from the ordered distribution of Mn (super 4+) and Mn (super 2+) pairs in Mn (super 3+) -rich rows with a periodicity of 6b. The structure of HBi consists of hexagonal octahedral layers containing predominantly Mn (super 4+) with variable amounts of Mn (super 3+) and layer vacancies. The distribution of layer vacancies is inherited from the former Mn (super 3+) distribution in NaB. Interlayer Mn cations are located above or below vacant layer sites. The driving force of the NaBi to HBi transformation is probably the destabilization of Mn (super 3+) -rich rows at low pH.
A generative probabilistic OCR model for NLP applications (2003)

In this paper, we introduce a generative probabilistic optical character recognition (OCR) model that describes an end-to-end process in the noisy channel framework, progressing from generation of true text through its transformation into the noisy output of an OCR system. The model is designed for use in error correction, with a focus on post-processing the output of black-box OCR systems in order to make it more useful for NLP tasks. We present an implementation of the model based on finite-state models, demonstrate the model's ability to significantly reduce character and word error rate, and provide evaluation results involving automatic extraction of translation lexicons from printed text.
FRA-1 Expression Level Modulates Regulation of Activator Protein-1 Activity by Estradiol in Breast Cancer Cells (1998)

We compared the effect of estradiol on activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity in estrogen receptor positive (ER) and estrogen receptor negative (ER) human breast cancer cell lines transiently transfected with the AP-1-responsive reporter plasmid AP-1-TK-CAT and an ER expression vector.While estradiol increased AP-1 activity in the ER cell lines MCF7, ZR75.1, and T47D, it decreased (MDA-MB231 and BT20 cells) or had no significant effect (MDA-MB435 cells) on AP-1-mediated transcription in ER cells.Estradiol also inhibited AP-1 activity in ER-MDA-MB231 cells stably transfected with ER and in which ER levels are close to those found in MCF7.Use of ER mutant expression vectors demonstrated that the DNA-binding domain of ER was needed for stimulation or inhibition of AP-1 activity by estradiol but suggested that ER binding to estrogen-responsive elements was not required for these effects.Changes in regulation paralleled quantitative and qualitative changes in protein binding to AP-1 sites, as demonstrated by gel shift assay: protein binding was greater and DNA/protein complexes migrated faster for ER than for ER cells.In fact, by Northern blot, a high level of Fra-1 mRNA was found in BT20 and MDA-MB231 cells as compared with ER cells, and MDA-MB435 cells showed an intermediary level of expression.The differential expression of Fra-1 in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 cells was confirmed at the protein level by supershift experiments.In addition, overexpression of Fra-1 in MCF7 cells decreased the positive effect of estradiol while inhibition of Fra-1 expression in MDA-MB231 cells, by transient transfection of the Fra-1 antisense expression vector, abolished the negative effect of the hormone.In conclusion, we demonstrated that ER breast cancer cell lines differ from ER cells by a high level of AP-1 DNA-binding activity due, at least in part, to high Fra-1 constitutive expression.High Fra-1 concentration is crucial for the negative regulation of AP-1 activity by estradiol and thus may take part in estradiol-induced inhibition of cell proliferation in ER breast cancer cells transfected with ER expression construct.
Production, Characterization, and Epitope Mapping of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Human Polydeoxyribonucleotide Kinase (2001)

Polydeoxyribonucleotide kinase (PNK) is a mammalian DNA repair enzyme that has the capacity to phosphorylate 5' DNA termini and dephosphorylate 3' DNA termini. A series of murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was raised against the full-length recombinant human PNK. Seven of these antibodies were selected and characterized by enzyme immunoassay, Western blot analysis, and their capacity to immunoprecipitate PNK. The epitope location was defined by cyanogen bromide digestion and by using a truncated PNK for Western blot analysis. All of the MAbs recognize a single 60-kDa protein in human cell extracts. PNKs from calf, monkey, and Chinese hamster cell and tissue extracts were also detected by some or all of the MAbs. These antibodies can be successfully used for the cellular, biochemical, and functional analysis of PNK in different mammalian cell lines.