gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat Exchanger Design and Testing for a 6-Inch Rotating Detonation Engine (2013)

Abstract : This thesis explains the design and testing of a water-cooled rotating detonation engine (RDE) run on hydrogen and air. The change in water temperature as it cooled the engine was used to find the steady heat rate into the containing walls of the detonation channel. The engine successfully ran four times for 20 seconds each. The steady-state heat rate was measured to be 2.5% of the propellant lower heating value (LHV) into the outer wall and 7.1% of LHV into the inner wall. Additionally, a quick-response resistance temperature detector (RTD) was used in an uncooled RDE of similar dimension to the cooled RDE to estimate the transient heat flux profile in the detonation channel. The average heat flux into the outer wall near the base of the channel was measured to be four times greater than the average heat flux over the entire cooled wall at steady-state, indicating the heat flux decreases significantly with axial distance. In addition, the large difference in heat absorption between the inner and outer cooled walls indicates that the heat flux into the inner wall is greater than that into the outer wall.
A NOVEL DUAL-BAND PATCH ANTENNA WITH COMPLEMENTARY SPLIT RING RESONATORS EMBEDDED IN THE GROUND PLANE (2011)

In this paper, a novel design of dual-band microstrip antenna with complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) is presented. A simple and successful dual-band antenna can be realized by etching three CSRRs in the ground plane of a conventional patch antenna. The proposed antenna shows good performances at both resonant frequencies. The CSRRs embedded in the ground plane make a major contribution to the flrst operating band, but has minor efiect on the second operating band. It is beneflcial for designing a dual-band antenna as well as a miniaturized antenna ∞exibly. The simulation results are analyzed and compared with measured results in a good agreement.
THE DENSITY AND MOLECULAR COMPLEXITY OF GASEOUS HYDROGEN FLUORIDE (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE DENSITY AND MOLECULAR COMPLEXITY OF GASEOUS HYDROGEN FLUORIDEJoseph Simons and J. H. HildebrandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 10, 2183–2191Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01675a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01675a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of the water content on X‐ray fluorescence core‐scanning measurements in soft marine sediments (2007)

The X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanner provides bulk‐sediment chemistry data measured nondestructively at the split core sediment surface. Although this method is widely accepted, there is little known about the effects of physical properties such as density and water content on XRF core scanner data. Comparison of XRF scanner measurements from the sediment surface and dry powder samples of sediment core GeoB7920 indicates strongly reduced element intensities for the lighter elements Al and Si. We relate the lower element intensities of the measurements taken at the sediment surface to the amount of water in the sample volume analyzed by the XRF core scanner. The heavier elements K, Ca, Ti, and Fe remain relatively unaffected by the variation of any physical property within sediment core GeoB7920. Additionally, we successfully use the elemental intensity of Cl as a proxy for the seawater content in the sample volume analyzed by the XRF core scanner. This enables the establishment of a correction function for the elements Al and Si that corrects for the radiation absorption of the water content in sediment core GeoB7920 off Cape Blanc, NW Africa.
Switching characteristics and magnetization vortices of thin-film cobalt in nanometer-scale patterned arrays (2000)

The switching characteristics and magnetization vortices of 15 nm thick cobalt structures patterned to different widths of 100, 200, and 600 nm were investigated. The effects of linewidth and aspect ratio (length/width) were systematically studied using an alternating gradient magnetometer (AGM), an atomic force microscope/magnetic force microscope (MFM) and superconducting quantum interference device. The AGM and MFM show that trapped magnetization vortices appear in structures with low aspect ratios (length/width)=1.5, 2, but not in structures with high aspect ratio (length/width)=3,4. It is found that the magnetization vortices of these patterned elements are strongly dependent on the width of the element with narrower linewidth more clearly showing the presence of magnetization vortices.
Tissue-Specific Genetic Control of Splicing: Implications for the Study of Complex Traits (2008)

Numerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription. Despite this work, the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclear. We carried out the first genome-wide screen, to our knowledge, for SNPs that associate with alternative splicing and gene expression in human primary cells, evaluating 93 autopsy-collected cortical brain tissue samples with no defined neuropsychiatric condition and 80 peripheral blood mononucleated cell samples collected from living healthy donors. We identified 23 high confidence associations with total expression and 80 with alternative splicing as reflected by expression levels of specific exons. Fewer than 50% of the implicated SNPs however show effects in both tissue types, reflecting strong evidence for distinct genetic control of splicing and expression in the two tissue types. The data generated here also suggest the possibility that splicing effects may be responsible for up to 13 out of 84 reported genome-wide significant associations with human traits. These results emphasize the importance of establishing a database of polymorphisms affecting splicing and expression in primary tissue types and suggest that splicing effects may be of more phenotypic significance than overall gene expression changes.
Short chain glycerol 1-monoethers—a new class of green solvo-surfactants (2006)

The synthesis of short eco-friendly amphiphilic compounds derived from glycerol was carried out. These compounds, called solvo-surfactants, are of great interest since they exhibit both properties of solvents, e.g. volatility, solubilization of organics, and surfactants, e.g. reduction of interfacial tensions, formation of emulsions and microemulsions. Their surface activity was studied, and binary phase diagrams with water were drawn. Their sensitivity to various electrolytes from Hofmeister's series was also investigated. Short chain glycerol 1-monoethers constitute a new class of green solvo-surfactants with excellent properties, that should be seriously considered for the replacement of reprotoxic glycol ethers. They have, moreover, the advantage of helping to solve the problem of an over-production of glycerol, which is a major side-product of the biocarburant industry.
Rodent models of partial hepatectomies<sup>*</sup> (2007)

Small rodents are the most used experimental models in liver surgical research. Hepatic resections in rodents are commonly performed to study liver regeneration, acute liver failure, hepatic metastasis, hepatic function, 'small-for-size' transplantation and metabolic response to injury. Most resections require only basic skills, are fast, reliable and highly reproducible. The partial hepatectomy technique in rodents can be improved by microsurgical techniques, which permit individualized dissection and ligature of the vascular and biliary branches with minimal operative morbidity and mortality. This is particularly relevant for murine models of liver resection. However, it requires advanced microsurgical skills. Here, we review the models, surgical techniques, results and limitations of partial liver resections in rodent models. We also reported for the first time segmentectomies of the median lobe in rodent models.
Management of probabilistic data (2007)

Many applications today need to manage large data sets with uncertainties. In this paper we describe the foundations of managing data where the uncertainties are quantified as probabilities. We review the basic definitions of the probabilistic data model, present some fundamental theoretical result for query evaluation on probabilistic databases, and discuss several challenges, open problems, and research directions.
Role of EphA4 and EphrinB3 in Local Neuronal Circuits That Control Walking (2003)

Local circuits in the spinal cord that generate locomotion are termed central pattern generators (CPGs). These provide coordinated bilateral control over the normal limb alternation that underlies walking. The molecules that organize the mammalian CPG are unknown. Isolated spinal cords from mice lacking either the EphA4 receptor or its ligand ephrinB3 have lost left-right limb alternation and instead exhibit synchrony. We identified EphA4-positive neurons as an excitatory component of the locomotor CPG. Our study shows that dramatic locomotor changes can occur as a consequence of local genetic rewiring and identifies genes required for the development of normal locomotor behavior.
Low CCL17 expression associates with unfavorable postoperative prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2017)

Low CCL17 expression is a potential independent adverse prognostic biomarker for recurrence and survival of patients with ccRCC after nephrectomy. Established nomograms based on this information could help predict ccRCC patients' OS and RFS.
Spectra from 2.5 15 µm of tissue phantom materials, optical clearing agents and<i>ex vivo</i>human skin: implications for depth profiling of human skin (2003)

Infrared measurements have been used to profile or image biological tissue, including human skin. Usually, analysis of such measurements has assumed that infrared absorption is due to water and collagen. Such an assumption may be reasonable for soft tissue, but introduction of exogenous agents into skin or the measurement of tissue phantoms has raised the question of their infrared absorption spectrum. We used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode to measure the infrared absorption spectra, in the range of 2-15 microm, of water, polyacrylamide, Intralipid, collagen gels, four hyperosmotic clearing agents (glycerol, 1,3-butylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, Topicare), and ex vivo human stratum corneum and dermis. The absorption spectra of the phantom materials were similar to that of water, although additional structure was noted in the range of 6-10 microm. The absorption spectra of the clearing agents were more complex, with molecular absorption bands dominating between 6 and 12 microm. Dermis was similar to water, with collagen structure evident in the 6-10 microm range. Stratum corneum had a significantly lower absorption than dermis due to a lower content of water. These results suggest that the assumption of water-dominated absorption in the 2.5-6 microm range is valid. At longer wavelengths, clearing agent absorption spectra differ significantly from the water spectrum. This spectral information can be used in pulsed photothermal radiometry or utilized in the interpretation of reconstructions in which a constant mu(ir) is used. In such cases, overestimating mu(ir) will underestimate chromophore depth and vice versa, although the effect is dependent on actual chromophore depth.
The Study of Evaluation Methods of Electrolyte for Li/SO 2 Cl 2 Battery (2011)

The cathodic active material of battery is , which is the solvent of an electrolyte. It is referred to as a catholyte, a compound word of cathode and electrolyte. As the battery discharges, the catholyte burns out. And thus, the characteristics of the in the battery determine the capacity. In addition, the transition minimum voltage (TMV) and the voltage delay deviation of battery are due to the passivation film formed by the reaction between an electrolyte and Li. Impurities in the electrolyte, such as moisture or heavy metal ions, will accelerate the growth of the passivation film. Therefore, a technology must be established to purify an electrolyte and to ensure the effectiveness of the purification method. In this research, was manufactured using and LiCl. Its concentration, the amount of moisture, and the metal amount were evaluated using an ionic conductivity meter, a colorimeter, and FT-IR.
IEEE 802.11 aj （45GHz）： A New Very High Throughput Millimeter-Wave WLAN System (2014)

This paper presents an overview of a new very high throughput millimeterwave WLAN system operating at 45 GHz band. We begin by reviewing standards process of IEEE 802.11aj(45GHz). Then the frequency spectrum allocation at 45 GHz band is introduced. Next, the channel measurement and mod-eling is given. Specifically, the millimeter-wave MIMO for physical layer enhancement is given in detail.
Approaches to Enhance the Binding Affinity and Nuclease Stability of Triplex Forming Oligonucleotides (1995)

Abstract The ability of simple azole nucleosides to promote antiparallel triplex formation at non-homopurine duplex targets was explored. It was also shown that spermidine-cholesterol conjugation is effective in enhancing cellular uptake and stability of oligonucleotides.
Design considerations for high-frequency continuous-time filters and implementation of an antialiasing filter for digital video (1990)

An approach that has made possible the integration of video frequency continuous-time filters with wide dynamic range is discussed. The tuning scheme necessary to maintain the stable and accurate frequency response in the presence of temperature variations, process tolerance, and aging is described. Detailed design techniques specific to high-frequency operation are introduced to implement a 5-V, seventh-order elliptic analog magnitude filter for antialiasing in digital video applications. The filter, based on a G/sub m/-C technique, exhibits a dynamic range of 61 dB and dissipates a power of 75 mW. Ninety-two chips from various wafers and two different process runs were tested. Seventy-five percent of the fabricated chips were functional, and 63% of them met the commercial-grade specifications in spite of an error in the layout which forced the phase control circuitry to perform suboptimally.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pulse sequence extrapolation with MR image synthesis. (1986)

Previous reports have presented validation studies of magnetic resonance (MR) image synthesis in which multiple spin-echo (MSE) source data were used to generate spin-echo images for various echo times and repetition times (TRs). A new method-"pulse sequence extrapolation" -synthesizes images for pulse sequences different from that of the acquisition. MSE data acquired in a time equivalent to a TR of 2,000 msec can be used to generate inversion-recovery (IR) images for arbitrarily chosen TI inversion times. Other combinations of pulse sequences were also studied, and synthetic images were compared visually and quantitatively to directly acquired images with corresponding parameters. Synthetic IR signals of the brain parenchyma consistently matched directly acquired signals to within 6%, with respect to the full magnetization signal. The noise level of synthetic signals was generally no more than twice that of direct acquisition signals, as predicted. This method can achieve selective fat suppression and enhancement in IR imaging.
Determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Na, and Si in Polyimides for Microelectronics by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Involving Sample Dissolution in Organic Solvents (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Na, and Si in Polyimides for Microelectronics by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Involving Sample Dissolution in Organic SolventsViliam. Krivan and Bernhard. KochCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 18, 3148–3153Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00114a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00114a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diseases caused by mutations in <i>ORAI1</i> and <i>STIM1</i> (2015)

Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels mediate a specific form of Ca(2+) influx called store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) that contributes to the function of many cell types. CRAC channels are composed of ORAI1 proteins located in the plasma membrane, which form its ion-conducting pore. ORAI1 channels are activated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM) 1 and STIM2 located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Loss- and gain-of-function gene mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 in human patients cause distinct disease syndromes. CRAC channelopathy is caused by loss-of-function mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 that abolish CRAC channel function and SOCE; it is characterized by severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-like disease, autoimmunity, muscular hypotonia, and ectodermal dysplasia, with defects in sweat gland function and dental enamel formation. The latter defect emphasizes an important role of CRAC channels in tooth development. By contrast, autosomal dominant gain-of-function mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 result in constitutive CRAC channel activation, SOCE, and increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels that are associated with an overlapping spectrum of diseases, including nonsyndromic tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM) and York platelet and Stormorken syndromes. The latter two syndromes are defined, besides myopathy, by thrombocytopenia, thrombopathy, and bleeding diathesis. The fact that myopathy results from both loss- and gain-of-function mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 highlights the importance of CRAC channels for Ca(2+) homeostasis in skeletal muscle function. The cellular dysfunction and clinical disease spectrum observed in mutant patients provide important information about the molecular regulation of ORAI1 and STIM1 proteins and the role of CRAC channels in human physiology.
A proposal of management interface for differential data exchange mechanism on 3 datacenter storage systems (2009)

We have been studying three-datacenter storage system where data on production storage are replicated to other two storage systems (“backup storages”), and those backup storages take over replication activity with short downtime after a production storage failure. This mechanism consists of accumulation process of recently replicated data before the take-over of replication activity and synchronization process that synchronizes data between the backup storages with the data differentials to take over replication activity. However, this mechanism requires a test that runs synchronization process in order to verify take-over of replication activity before production storage failure. In this paper, we provide an interface that controls virtual replication between backup storages. The system with the mechanism can make operations simpler and can reduce setup time for synchronization process. Evaluation indicates the system can reduce the time to become available of synchronization process up to 3.7 percent shorter than the system without it.
Hyperparathyroidism, Hypothyroidism, and Impaired Renal Function After 10 to 20 Years of Lithium Treatment (1989)

Of 19 patients who had been receiving a therapeutic dosage of lithium carbonate for 10 to 20 years, 8 (42%) were found to have some laboratory evidence of hyperparathyroidism. Of the 3 who had parathyroid surgery, 2 had hyperplasia and 1 had a solitary adenoma, an unusually high incidence of hyperparathyroidism. Unusual features of lithium-induced hyperparathyroidism in this series include (1) low urinary calcium excretion and the absence of nephrolithiasis, (2) normal urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate excretion, and (3) normal plasma inorganic phosphate. Eight patients (42%) required treatment for hypothyroidism. Three patients (16%) had impaired kidney function. While these observations do not contraindicate the continued use of lithium carbonate in manic depression, they strongly emphasize the need for close laboratory surveillance.
Use Case to Source Code Traceability: The Developer Navigation View Point (2009)

Requirements traceability is a challenge for modern software projects where task dependencies and technical expertise are spread across system developers, abstract model representations such as use cases, and a myriad of code artefacts. This paper presents an approach that monitors the navigation trails left by developers when building code artefacts to realise project use cases. These trails are analysed to generate a relevance ranking of entities that constitute a traceability link between uses cases and code artefacts and the developers responsible for them. Investigation in a software development scenario shows that a range of use case traceability questions can be answered through visualisations which present ordered relevance lists of the entities associated with use cases and by the use of trace graphs where the size of nodes show the importance, or 'information centrality', of system entities.