gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A European Low Cost MMIC based Millimetre-Wave Radar Module for Automotive Applications (2003)

The development of a low cost MMIC based millimetre-wave radar module is presented. The paper concentrates on the design of the front end module which forms the heart of a synchronised multistatic radar network designed by Roke Manor Research Ltd. for short range automotive applications. The concept, design methodology, simulation data, and monostatic test results are presented.
Included Angle Selection of V-Shape Insulator String for 750-kV Compact Transmission Line (2010)

Included angle selection for a V-shape insulator string applied in 750-kV compact transmission line is studied in this paper. The mechanical performance of V-shape insulator string is demonstrated from calculation and experiment. A new solution, which is based on the finite-element method and applied to calculate the deformation of V-string, is presented. This paper discusses the relation between deformation (displacements and force) and load on V-string. Loading experiment for V-string is conducted in order to verify the calculation results. Experimental data of displacements for V-shape composite and porcelain insulator string are obtained. Finally, combined with the calculation and experiment results, the selection of included angle for V-shape insulator string is discussed, and recommendations for the included angle value of V-shape insulator string in 750-kV compact transmission line are made.
Fusion of doppler radar and geometric attributes for motion estimation of extended objects (2015)

A prime requirement for autonomous driving is a fast and reliable estimation of the motion state of dynamic objects in the ego-vehicle’s surroundings. An instantaneous approach for extended objects based on two Doppler radar sensors has recently been proposed. In this paper, that approach is augmented by prior knowledge of the object’s heading angle and rotation center. These properties can be determined reliably by state-ofthe- art methods based on sensors such as LIDAR or cameras. The information fusion is performed utilizing an appropriate measurement model, which directly maps the motion state in the Doppler velocity space. This model integrates the geometric properties. It is used to estimate the object’s motion state using a linear regression. Additionally, the model allows a straightforward calculation of the corresponding variances. The resulting method shows a promising accuracy increase of up to eight times greater than the original approach.
Decreasing Ore Grades in Global Metallic Mining: A Theoretical Issue or a Global Reality? (2016)

Mining industry requires high amounts of energy to extract and process resources, including a variety of concentration and refining processes. Using energy consumption information, different sustainability issues can be addressed, such as the relationship with ore grade over the years, energy variations in electricity or fossil fuel use. A rigorous analysis and understanding of the energy intensity use in mining is the first step towards a more sustainable mining industry and, globally, better resource management. Numerous studies have focused on the energy consumption of mining projects, with analysis carried out primarily in one single country or one single region. This paper quantifies, on a global level, the relationship between ore grade and energy intensity. With the case of copper, the study has shown that the average copper ore grade is decreasing over time, while the energy consumption and the total material production in the mine increases. Analyzing only copper mines, the average ore grade has decreased approximately by 25% in just ten years. In that same period, the total energy consumption has increased at a higher rate than production (46% energy increase over 30% production increase).
Mining and Harnessing Natural Variation: A Little MAGIC (2008)

The success of a breeding program depends on having adequate diversity in the germplasm. However, as advanced breeding stocks and materials are generated, one casualty is the diversity itself. As a result, breeding programs in many crop species have reached a point of diminishing returns and it is feared that unless new diversity is infused into the breeding germplasm, we face catastrophic reductions in crop productivity if the climate turns adverse. Although some scientists favor transgenic approaches, a “back to nature” approach to genetic diversity may prove faster and more effective. Wild and exotic relatives of crop plants hold a wealth of alleles that, if we can find them, can help break yield barriers and enhance tolerance to stresses. Many approaches, based largely on quantitative trait loci genetics, have been proposed and used for this purpose, but most are either highly laborious or discover relevant variation inefficiently. Here, we propose a gene‐centered approach, dubbed MAGIC ( m utant‐ a ssisted g ene i dentification and c haracterization), that uses Mendelian mutants or other genetic variants in a trait of interest as reporters to identify novel genes and variants for that trait. MAGIC is similar to enhancer–suppressor screens, but rather than relying on variation created in the laboratory, it reveals variation created and refined by nature over millions of years of evolution. This approach could be an effective tool for exploring novel variation and a valuable means to harness natural diversity and define genetic networks.
Synthesis and Properties of Arylethersulfone Thermoset Systems (1985)

Abstract : A series of acetylene-terminated (AT) oligomeric arylether sulfones were synthesized which upon curing possess higher molecular weight between crosslinks than earlier AT sulfones. A correlation between varying chain length of the oligomer and initial/final glass transition temperature (Tgs) was established which provides the required processing parameters and use temperatures. In all cases the initial Tg was dependent on the flexibility of the oligomeric backbone. The more flexible backbone structures provided the lower Tg's for processing. The final Tg's (cured Tg) which establish end use- temperatures were dependent on the varying chain length of the oligomer, as well as, backbone flexibility. The longer more flexible backbones provided lower end use temperatures. Of the twelve systems synthesized and characterized, one was selected for scale-up (50g.) and is currently being evaluated with respect to its neat resin mechanical properties.
Validity of methods of body composition assessment in young and older men and women (1999)

We examined the validity of percent body fat (%Fat) estimation by two-compartment (2-Comp) hydrostatic weighing (Siri 2-Comp), 3-Comp dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA 3-Comp), 3-Comp hydrostatic weighing corrected for the total body water (Siri 3-Comp), and anthropometric methods in young and older individuals (n = 78). A 4-Comp model of body composition served as the criterion measure of %Fat (Heymsfield 4-Comp; S. B. Heymsfield, S. Lichtman, R. N. Baumgartner, J. Wang, Y. Kamen, A. Aliprantis, and R. N. Pierson Jr., Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 52: 52-58, 1990.). Comparison of the Siri 3-Comp with the Heymsfield 4-Comp model revealed mean differences of </=0.4 %Fat, r values >/= r = 0.997, total error values </= 0.85 %Fat, and 95% confidence intervals (Bland-Altman analysis) of </=1.7 %Fat. Comparison of Siri 2-Comp, DEXA, and anthropometric models with the Heymsfield 4-Comp revealed that total error scores ranged from +/-4. 0 to +/-10.7 %Fat, and 95% confidence intervals associated with the Bland-Altman analysis ranged from +/-5.1 to +/-15.0 %Fat. We conclude that the Siri 3-Comp model provides valid and accurate body composition data when compared with a 4-Comp criterion model. However, the individual variability associated with the Siri 2-Comp, DEXA 3-Comp, and anthropometric models may limit their use in research settings. The use of anthropometric estimation methods resulted in large mean differences and a considerable amount of interindividual variability. These data suggest that the use of these techniques should be viewed with caution.
Mechanistic Aspects of the Effects of Stress on the Rates of Photochemical Degradation Reactions in Polymers (2004)

Abstract This review examines the mechanistic origins of the effects of stress on the photochemical degradation rates of polymers. Recent studies have shown that tensile and shear stresses accelerate the rate of the photochemical degradation of polymers. Conversely, compressive stress generally retards the rate of photochemical degradation. After an initial discussion of the photochemical auto‐oxidation mechanism, the three primary hypotheses that purport to explain how stress affects photochemical degradation are examined. The first hypothesis is attributed to Plotnikov, who proposed that stress changes the quantum yields of the reactions that lead to bond photolysis. The second hypothesis, attributed to a number of researchers, says that stress affects the ability of the geminate radical pairs, formed in the photochemical bond cleavage reactions, to recombine. The third hypothesis proposes that stress changes the rates of radical reactions subsequent to radical formation. A further attempt to account for the effects of stress on degradation rates is a modification of the so‐called Zhurkov equation that has been used rather successfully to predict the effects of stress on degradation rates in thermal reactions. This empirical equation relates the quantum yield of degradation to a composite activation barrier for the overall photochemical reaction. Following the discussion of these hypotheses, experimental mechanistic studies of stress effects are summarized, and what little data there is is shown to be consistent with the hypothesis that proposes that stress primarily affects the ability of photochemically generated radical pairs to recombine. By decreasing the efficiency of radical–radical recombination, the effect is to increase the relative efficiencies of the radicals' other reactions and hence the rate of degradation. In addition to stress, other factors can affect the rates of polymer photodegradation. These factors include the absorbed light intensity, the polymer morphology, the rate of oxygen diffusion in the polymer, and the chromophore concentration. Each of these parameters must be carefully controlled in mechanistic studies that probe the effects of stress on degradation rates.
Colonization of suckling pigs by Streptococcus suis with particular reference to pathogenic serotype 2 strains. (1998)

Three swine commercial farms with high mortality rates in nursery pigs due to Streptococcus suis serotype 2 were studied. Brain samples from diseased animals were collected for a period of 6 to 10 mo and used to isolate the strain that was responsible for the mortality (virulent strain) in each farm. Tonsil swabs from piglets at 5, 10 and 15 d were taken to assess both total colonization and colonization by the virulent strain. The effect of sow vaccination against S. suis on colonization was evaluated in 1 of the farms. All suspect tonsil isolates were identified biochemically and then tested against serotype 2. The genomic patterns of serotype 2 isolates were compared to that of the virulent strain using Rep-PCR. Results showed that total colonization by S. suis occurred very early in the pigs' life, with most animals being colonized by weaning age. Prevalence of colonization by serotype 2 strains was much lower than total colonization. After comparing serotype 2 isolates with the virulent strains, only 1 tonsillar isolate had the same genomic pattern as the virulent strain and it belonged to a 4-week-old weaned pig. The genomic pattern of the virulent strain was not found in any tonsillar isolate from 15-day-old or younger pigs. Although limited by sample size, sow vaccination against S. suis increased total colonization at the same time significantly decreasing colonization by serotype 2 strains. Even though most pigs are colonized early in age by S. suis, colonization by the virulent strain is of low prevalence and delayed in time. This could constitute a risk factor for developing the disease later in time, because animals would be colonized when maternal immunity is no longer present, allowing the organism to become systemic.
Warships in territorial waters, their right of innocent passage (1971)

This study deals with the question whether there is, to-day, an international right of innocent passage of warships through territorial waters in time of peace. With this in view it will first be examined which links there are with other fields of international law; then will follow a more comprehensive review of the fundamentals of the problem.
Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Alkoxylipids (1979)

Abstract Chromatographic methods have shown that lipids with long alkyl or 1‐alkenyl chains–called alkoxylipids or ether lipids–are widely distributed in human and animal tissues. These compounds comprise neutral alkoxylipids, i. e. 1‐ O ‐alkyl or 1‐ O ‐(1‐alkenyl)‐2,3‐di‐ O ‐acylglycerols, and alkoxylipids which are linked by a phosphate residue at C‐3 to aminoethanol, choline or serine. 1‐ O ‐Alkylglycerols, 1‐ O ‐(1‐alkenyl)glycerols and other natural alkoxylipids can be synthesized in high yields. 2‐Alkyl, 1,3‐dialkyl and trialkylglycerols which are not found in nature are also accessible by synthesis. The neutral alkoxylipids are employed in biomedical investigations, e.g. as substrates in acyl‐hydrolase systems or in fat absorption studies. The principal features of alkoxylipid biosynthesis have been elucidated. The alkyl residue is derived from a saturated or monounsaturated fatty acid via the corresponding alcohol. 1‐ O ‐(1‐alkenyl)‐2‐ O ‐acylglycerophosphoryl aminoethanols (“plasmalogens”) are apparently formed from the appropriate 1‐alkyl compounds; this is not possible in the case of the choline series. Both “aminoethanol” and “choline” plasmalogens are, nevertheless, present in most tissues.
Effect of iron deficiency on the biodistribution and tumor uptake of Ga-67 citrate in animals: concise communication. (1979)

To investigate the effect of iron deficiency on the biodistribution and tumor uptake of Ga-67 citrate, 20 weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained for 6-8 wk on a low-iron diet. Eighteen littermates were maintained on a normal iron diet and served as controls. Animals received 10 microCi Ga-67 citrate, and urine and feces were collected for 48 hr. The animals were then killed, tissue samples were obtained, and serum iron and unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC) were measured. The accumulation of Ga-67 in the liver and spleen (% ID/g) was markedly increased in iron-deficient animals and urinary excretion was reduced. Tumor uptake was not significantly different in iron-deficient and control animals, but tumor-to-blood ratios were elevated (p < .001) in the iron-deficient animals because of low blood levels of Ga-67. The liver and spleen accumulation of Ga-67 correlated significantly (p < .001) with the UIBC. The results show that iron deficiency alters the distribution of Ga-67 citrate, and suggest that the variable liver-spleen uptake seen in clinical Ga-67 images may be explained, in part, by changes in serum iron and UIBC.
Onset of cell-specific gene expression in the developing mouse pancreas. (1992)

A central question in developmental biology has been the initiation of cell-specific gene expression and its temporal relationship to morphogenesis. We have coupled embryo microdissection with the exquisite sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction to define the onset of cell-specific gene expression during pancreatic organogenesis. Using the precise assignment of gestational age by the number of somites in each embryo, we determined the onset of transcription of major genes of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas during mouse development to within 2-3 hr. Somatostatin mRNA was detected at the 10-somite stage throughout the foregut, consistent with the presence of somatostatin-producing cells throughout the adult gut. Mature mRNA for insulin and glucagon first appears surprisingly early, at the 20-somite stage in the wall of the embryonic foregut and is restricted to only the area of the duodenum from which the pancreas will arise 10-12 hr later. In contrast, exocrine gene transcription begins 24 hr after formation of the pancreatic diverticulum. Thus cell-specific gene expression in the endocrine pancreas begins in a "pre-morphogenetic phase." This early expression of insulin and glucagon could reflect the initiation of an endocrine cell lineage.
Proteomic Analysis of Amniotic Membrane Prepared for Human Transplantation:  Characterization of Proteins and Clinical Implications (2006)

Amniotic membrane is commonly exploited in several surgical procedures. Despite a freeze preservation period, it is reported to retain wound healing, anti-angiogenic, antiinflammatory and anti-scarring properties; however, little is known about the active protein content. 2-DE analysis of transplant-ready amniotic membrane (TRAM) was performed. The effects of preservation and processing on amnion proteome were investigated, and the major proteins in the TRAM characterized using mass spectrometry and immunoblotting. This identified a spectrum of proteins including thrombospondin, mimecan, BIG-H3, and integrin alpha 6. Preservation compromises cellular viability resulting in selective elution of soluble cellular proteins, leaving behind extracellular matrix-associated and cell structural proteins. A number of key architectural proteins common to the architecture of the ocular surface were demonstrated in AM, which are involved in homeostasis and wound healing. Handling procedures alter the protein composition of amniotic membrane prepared for transplantation. Without standardization, there will be inter-membrane variation, which may compromise the desired therapeutic effect of transplant ready amniotic membrane.
PbSe Nanocrystal Excitonic Solar Cells (2009)

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of colloidal PbSe nanocrystal (NC)-based photovoltaic test structures that exhibit an excitonic solar cell mechanism. Charge extraction from the NC active layer is driven by a photoinduced chemical potential energy gradient at the nanostructured heterojunction. By minimizing perturbation to PbSe NC energy levels and thereby gaining insight into the "intrinsic" photovoltaic properties and charge transfer mechanism of PbSe NC, we show a direct correlation between interfacial energy level offsets and photovoltaic device performance. Size dependent PbSe NC energy levels were determined by cyclic voltammetry and optical spectroscopy and correlated to photovoltaic measurements. Photovoltaic test structures were fabricated from PbSe NC films sandwiched between layers of ZnO nanoparticles and PEDOT:PSS as electron and hole transporting elements, respectively. The device current-voltage characteristics suggest a charge separation mechanism that is distinct from previously reported Schottky devices and consistent with signatures of excitonic solar cells. Remarkably, despite the limitation of planar junction structure, and without film thickness optimization, the best performing device shows a 1-sun power conversion efficiency of 3.4%, ranking among the highest performing NC-based solar cells reported to date.
Data-driven motion estimation with low-cost sensors (2008)

Motion capture can produce high quality data for motion generation. However, professional motion capture is expensive, and imposes restrictions on the capturing environment. We propose a motion estimation framework that utilizes a small set of low-cost, 3D acceleration sensors. We use a data-driven approach to synthesize realistic human motion comparable in quality to the motion generated by the professional motion capture systems. We employ eight 3D accelerometers - four Nintendo© Wii controllers - attached to a performer's body as the input signal, which is used to synthesize high quality motion from a statistical model learned from a high quality motion capture database. The proposed system is inexpensive and is easy to setup.
A hardware evaluation of cache partitioning to improve utilization and energy-efficiency while preserving responsiveness (2013)

Computing workloads often contain a mix of interactive, latency-sensitive foreground applications and recurring background computations. To guarantee responsiveness, interactive and batch applications are often run on disjoint sets of resources, but this incurs additional energy, power, and capital costs. In this paper, we evaluate the potential of hardware cache partitioning mechanisms and policies to improve efficiency by allowing background applications to run simultaneously with interactive foreground applications, while avoiding degradation in interactive responsiveness. We evaluate these tradeoffs using commercial x86 multicore hardware that supports cache partitioning, and find that real hardware measurements with full applications provide different observations than past simulation-based evaluations. Co-scheduling applications without LLC partitioning leads to a 10% energy improvement and average throughput improvement of 54% compared to running tasks separately, but can result in foreground performance degradation of up to 34% with an average of 6%. With optimal static LLC partitioning, the average energy improvement increases to 12% and the average throughput improvement to 60%, while the worst case slowdown is reduced noticeably to 7% with an average slowdown of only 2%. We also evaluate a practical low-overhead dynamic algorithm to control partition sizes, and are able to realize the potential performance guarantees of the optimal static approach, while increasing background throughput by an additional 19%.
The Heterogeneity of Catalyst Surfaces for Chemisorption. I. Zinc Oxide<sup>1</sup> (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Heterogeneity of Catalyst Surfaces for Chemisorption. I. Zinc Oxide1Hugh S. Taylor and Shou Chu LiangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 6, 1306–1312Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01198a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views227Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (776 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Massive Venous Air Embolism during Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (1990)

This report documents a case of massive venous air embolism during liver transplantation, despite adequate perfusion of the donor organ prior to unclamping of the inferior vena cava
Dated Sites On the Kobuk River, Alaska (1942)

This item is part of the Tree-Ring Research (formerly Tree-Ring Bulletin) archive. It was digitized from a physical copy provided by the Laboratory of Tree-Ring research at The University of Arizona. For more information about this peer-reviewed scholarly journal, please email the Editor of Tree-Ring Research at editor@treeringsociety.org.