gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Even-order thickness-shear mode resonators using X-cut LiTaO/sub 3/ plates realized by a direct bonding technique (2002)

Even-order thickness-shear mode resonators with good temperature characteristics have been achieved by applying direct-bonding techniques to X-cut LiTaO/sub 3/ single crystals. The variations in the resonance frequency of their main fast thickness shear mode was less than 500 ppm over the temperature range of -10 to 60/spl deg/C. Moreover, the results of studies on strip type chip resonators using direct-bonded x-cut LiTaO/sub 3/ wafers suggest that fabrication of small sized resonators with no spurious response is feasible. Their typical Q-value was between 3000 and 5000, and the resonant resistance was 10-20 /spl Omega/ at 13 MHz. These values an ideal for a range of applications. We confirmed that the direct bonding technique was particularly suitable for realizing high frequency resonators because the thickness of the resonator could be double that of a conventional fundamental resonator.
Predicting Color Output of Additive Manufactured Parts (2015)

In this paper we address the colorimetric performance of a multicolor additive manufacturing process. A method on how to measure and characterize color performance of said process is presented. Furthermore, a method on predicting the color output is demonstrated, allowing for previsualization of parts prior to print. Results show that color prediction can be achieved with an average color difference error of ΔE*00 = 1.5 andstd.dev σ= 0.75, with similar order of magnitude as the literature defined threshold for „Just NoticeableDifference” (JND).
닥나무(Broussonetia kazinoki) 추출물의 항암효과에 관한 연구 (1999)

닥나무 추출물의 항암효과를 검토하기 위하여 닥나무뿌리 껍질 methanol 추출물로부터 얻은 분획물(hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, aqueous 층)들의 0.05∼1.0mg/ml 농도에 대해서 MTT assay를 통한 세포독성 측정 및 암세포 증식억제 효과를 in vitro로 검색하였고, in vivo에서 BALB/c mouse를 이용한 고형암 성장저지 실험 및 비장 장기 중량변화의 항암실험을 행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 세포독성 실험에 의한 MTT assay 결과 모든 분획물들은 농도 의존성으로 효과가 나타났으며 1.0 mg/ml 농도에서 ethylacetate층은 sarcoma 180 cell에 대하여 75.7%의 가장 높은 세포독성 효과를 나타내었고 그 다음 aqueous, hexane, butanol, chloroform 층 순으로 각각 62.7%, 58.7%, 52.6%, 40.1%의 효과를 보였다. 각 분획물들에 의한 sarcoma 180 cell에 증식억제 효과는 배양일(1, 2, 3, 6일)이 증가함에 따라 암세포수는 증가하였으며 처음 1일째에 암세포 증식억제가 가장 많이 되었다. 1.0mg/ml 농도로 시료를 첨가하여 6일간 배양했을 때 ethylacetate 층은 60%의 억제율로 가장 현저 한 활성을 보였고 aqueous(42%), hexane(31%), butanol(30%), chloroform(19%)층 순으로 암세포 증식억제율을 나타내었다. 또한 암세포 증식에 대한 현미경 관찰을 해 본 결과 ethylacetate층은 대조군에 비하여 암세포 증식억제 정도와 형태 변화가 두드러지게 나타났다. BALB/c mouse에서 sarcoma 180 cell에 대한 각 분획물들의 고형암 성장저지효과는 1.0mg/kg으로 시료투여했을 때 ethylacetate 층은 대조군에 비하여 41%의 유의적인 저지율을 나타냈으며(p 【The anticancer effect of the bark of Broussonetia kazinoki root extracts (hexane. chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, aqueous) were studied. The cytotoxicity by MTT assay and inhibitory effect on the growth of sarcoma 180 cells were tested in vitro. The reduction rate of the tumor formation and spleen/body weight rate on BALB/c mouse were tested in vivo. From the tests, each fraction showed the cytotoxic effect against the sarcoma 180 cells. In addition, as the concentration of the fractions increased, cytotoxic effect tendency increased as well. The cytotoxic rate of the hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and aqueous fractions showed by 58.7%, 40.1%, 75.7%, 52.6% and 62.7% respectively after testing by MTT assay system. And sarcoma 180 cells were incubated for 6 days at 37 $^{\circ}C$ with various concentrations of each fraction. As the incubation days go on, the number of cells increased, while the inhibition rate on the growth of sarcoma 180 cells were decreased. Especially the ethylacetate fraction at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml strongly inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 cells by 74% compared with the control for a day 37 $^{\circ}C$ The hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and aqueous fractions inhibited on the growth of sarcoma 180 cells by 31%, 19%, 60%, 30% and 42% respectively, when sarcoma 180 cells has been incubated for 6 days at 37 $^{\circ}C$ . The each fraction exhibited the antitumor effect in vivo. The ethylacetate fraction reduced the tumor formation by 41% compared with the control, when sarcoma 180 cells were injected subcutaneously into the left groin of BALB/c mice. Also spleen/body weight rate of ethylacetate fraction was increased by 2.10% compared with the control (1.08%). And it is considered that there would be no toxic effect caused by each fraction of body weight and organ as there was on more changes in mouse' weight compared with the control.】
On the morphology of melt-crystallized polyethylene. III. Spherulitic organization (1981)

Abstract The lamellar microstructure of a wide range of melt-crystallized polyethylenes has been examined in the context of spherulitic organization. Radial continuity is achieved through lamellar continuity. In the simplest cases ridged or planar sheets grow outwards along b, maintain­ing their identities over distances as long as tens of micrometres, subject to changes in relative dominance depending on whether or not they can continue to grow in the most favourable direction. The generalized 'fibres’ are to be identified with dominant lamellae which lay down the framework of a spherulite’s development. Banded spherulites have S-shaped dominant sheets which are multiply-connected allowing the aver­age molecular orientation to spiral round the radius while individual lamellae are substantially untwisted. Space within spherulites is filled by branching, for which three mechanisms have been identified, namely the nucleation of new, misaligned lamellae, the incorporation of small-angle boundaries and spiral terraces associated with screw dislocations. Con­trary to prediction, the width of dominant lamellae varies much less than the Keith & Padden parameter δ, but remains within a factor of 3 of 3 μm. The scale of texture revealed by the segregation of ‘impurities’ does not appear to be determined solely by the scale of the diffusion field. It is suggested that the misfit energy between adjacent non-parallel ‘fibrils’, and geometrical factors, must also be taken into account.
Healthcare-associated fungal outbreaks: New and uncommon species, New molecular tools for investigation and prevention (2018)

Outbreaks of healthcare-associated fungal infections have repeatedly been described over recent years, often caused by new or uncommon species. <i>Candida auris</i>, a recently described multidrug-resistant yeast species, is certainly the most worrisome species having caused several severe healthcare outbreaks of invasive infections, on four continents. Also, large nosocomial outbreaks due to uncommon fungal species such as <i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> and <i>Sarocladium kiliense</i>, were both linked to contamination of medical products, however the source of another outbreak, caused by <i>Saprochaete clavata</i>, remains unresolved. Furthermore, these outbreaks identified new populations under threat in addition to those commonly at risk for invasive fungal infections, such as immunosuppressed and intensive care unit patients. All of these outbreaks have highlighted the usefulness of a high level of awareness, rapid diagnostic methods, and new molecular typing tools such as Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), prompt investigation and aggressive interventions, including notification of public health agencies. This review summarizes the epidemiological and clinical data of the majority of healthcare-associated outbreaks reported over the last 6 years caused by uncommon or new fungal pathogens, as well as the contribution of WGS as support to investigate the source of infection and the most frequent control measures used.
SURFACE PREPARATION BY FLASHBLASTING (1983)

ABSTRACT The ability of high intensity radiation to clean and divest surface coatings has wide commercial and industrial importance. Using the experience of personnel who pioneered the role of lasers in material cleaning and art conservation, Maxwell Laboratories, Inc., has developed a new surface preparation technology that employs the radiative output of bright xenon gas filled lamps. Such broad band radiation effectively strips and removes select surface layers while maintaining the integrity of the base substrate. This paper presents a general account of the present methodology and applications of flash cleaning systems. After a brief introduction, the components and operation of such machines and the characteristics of the emitted radiation will be described. An overview of three applications of interest to the surface preparation community follow. These are, respectively, the select removal of paint coatings from metal substrates, the conversion of rust to magnetite as a surface stabilization procedure prior to painting, and the use of citric acid solutions in conjunction with flash treatments to remove rust and corrosion from steel leaving a bare metal surface. After enumeration of the many advantages offered by light cleaning, the future outlook of this growingly important technology concludes the paper.
Laminin-5 in the progression of carcinomas (2001)

The basement membrane (BM) separates epithelial elements from the surrounding stroma. BM is dynamic in regulation of epithelial cells differentiation as well as their organization into 3-dimensional tissues. In these functions, among the molecules of the BM, laminins are especially dynamic. Laminins are distributed in a spatially and temporally regulated manner in various epithelial tissues. Various changes in the laminin distribution accompany the malignant transformation of epithelia. The role of the BM and laminins in the progression of carcinomas is not well understood. The BM has been suggested to act as a mechanical barrier against carcinoma cell invasion. BM laminins may play an active role in regulating the migration and proliferation of the carcinoma cells. Laminin isoform laminin-5 expression is typical for some invasive carcinomas and it may act as a ligand for invading carcinoma cells. Neoexpression of laminin-5 has also been associated to proliferative activity of the carcinoma cells. Integrins alpha(3)beta(1) and alpha(6)beta(4) are probable cell surface receptors acting with laminin-5 in the regulation of carcoma cell invasion and proliferation.
DSP-Based Highly Linear Microwave Photonic Link (2007)

A coherent optical phase modulation link for the linear transport of analog radio frequency signals is presented. The technique utilizes the simultaneous and separate detection and digitization of optical in-phase and quadrature-phase signals for demodulation in the digital domain. Demodulation in the digital domain is found to allow significantly larger tolerance to the imperfect physical implementation of the phase demodulating receiver. We observe digitizer-limited performance achieving third order distortion improvement >50 dB for narrow instantaneous band widths (<10 MHz) and >40 dB for wide instantaneous bandwidths (<1 GHz).
Ectopic expression of the pituitary V3 vasopressin receptor reveals new aspects of the ectopic ACTH syndrome (1996)

Specific pituitary vasopressin receptors involved in stress-induced ACTH secretion have been postulated for a long time. This hypothesis was recently confirmed by the cloning of a cDNA coding for a new subtype of vasopressin receptor, termed V3 or V1b (1, 2). This receptor belongs to the superfamily of seven transmembrane domain receptors coupled to G proteins. It is coupled to a Gq-like protein and activates phospholipase C. The pharmacological characteristics of the V3 receptor are different from the characteristics of the Via and V2 receptors. In humans, this receptor seems mainly expressed in the pituitary corticotrophs.
Strategies in diabetes mellitus (1991)

Important research advances during the last 10 years have improved the quality of life for many patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim at present is not only to further improve glycemic control but also to comprehend basic mechanisms of the disease, define genetic risks, and understand the origins of complications. In this article, Dr Skyler examines current research strategies that may soon become therapeutic options.
Effectiveness of autologous preparation rich in growth factors for the treatment of chronic cutaneous ulcers (2007)

Autologous Preparation Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF), a small volume of plasma enriched in platelets, is a novel therapeutic strategy for the acceleration of the wound healing of a wide range of tissues because of the continuous release of multiple growth factors, including PDGF-AB, TGF-beta1, IGF-I, HGF, VEGF-A, and EGF. In this article, we have characterized the PRGF preparation and designed a randomized open-label controlled pilot trial to evaluate the effectiveness of PRGF in the treatment of chronic cutaneous ulcers. Results showed that at 8 weeks, the mean percentage of surface healed in the PRGF group was 72.94% +/- 22.25% whereas it was 21.48% +/- 33.56% in the control group (p < 0.05). These results, with the limitations of a pilot study, suggest that topical application of PRGF is more effective than standard therapy in helping a chronic ulcer to heal.
Single-atom catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction with significant activity and selectivity improvements (2016)

A single-atom catalyst (SAC) has an electronic structure that is very different from its bulk counterparts, and has shown an unexpectedly high specific activity with a significant reduction in noble metal usage for CO oxidation, fuel cell and hydrogen evolution applications, although physical origins of such performance enhancements are still poorly understood. Herein, by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we for the first time investigate the great potential of single atom catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction applications. In particular, we study a single transition metal atom anchored on defective graphene with single or double vacancies, denoted M@sv-Gr or M@dv-Gr, where M = Ag, Au, Co, Cu, Fe, Ir, Ni, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh or Ru, as a CO<sub>2</sub> reduction catalyst. Many SACs are indeed shown to be highly selective for the CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction over a competitive H<sub>2</sub> evolution reaction due to favorable adsorption of carboxyl (*COOH) or formate (*OCHO) over hydrogen (*H) on the catalysts. On the basis of free energy profiles, we identified several promising candidate materials for different products; Ni@dv-Gr (limiting potential <i>U</i><sub>L</sub> = -0.41 V) and Pt@dv-Gr (-0.27 V) for CH<sub>3</sub>OH production, and Os@dv-Gr (-0.52 V) and Ru@dv-Gr (-0.52 V) for CH<sub>4</sub> production. In particular, the Pt@dv-Gr catalyst shows remarkable reduction in the limiting potential for CH<sub>3</sub>OH production compared to any existing catalysts, synthesized or predicted. To understand the origin of the activity enhancement of SACs, we find that the lack of an atomic ensemble for adsorbate binding and the unique electronic structure of the single atom catalysts as well as orbital interaction play an important role, contributing to binding energies of SACs that deviate considerably from the conventional scaling relation of bulk transition metals.
10 INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE MONITORING (1997)

Intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement is an extremely important part of the neurosurgical armamentarium. Not only is raised ICP the commonest cause of death in neurosurgical patients, it is extremely common in patients suffering from head injury. In this latter group, 40% of patients who are admitted in an unconscious state have raised ICP, and in 50% of those who die, raised ICP is the main cause (Miller et al., 1977). Numerous investigations have shown that sustained intracranial hypertension is associated with a poor prognosis (Becker et al., 1977; Johnston and Jennett, 1973; Langfitt, 1969; Narayan et al., 1982; Marshall, Smith and Shapiro, 1979a; Miller et al., 1981). The effective treatment of high ICP has been shown to decrease mortality (Marshall, Smith and Shapiro, 1979a, b). Even so, ICP must be measured before a diagnosis of raised ICP can be made. Obviously, an understanding of the principles of ICP measurement is an important prerequisite to considering the disturbances of brain function that follow head injury. The quest for developing the ideal method of recording ICP has been a difficult exercise. The first requirement for any method is that it is accurate; and it should also be safe and simple (North and Reilly, 1990). The search is still incomplete, since all current methods are invasive. The necessity to breach the skull to record ICP has resulted in a significant number of neurosurgeons being reluctant to embrace this technique. It took at least 15 years before ICP monitoring became fully accepted into clinical neurosurgical practice in more than a few centers. Even now, opinions vary as to the value of the technique, from those who claim that it makes no difference to the outcome of any neurosurgical disease to those who assert that it is an indispensable part of neurosurgical practice, without which many patients would surely die. The truth lies somewhere between these two extremes and it depends on the facilities and personnel available in any given neurosurgical unit (Miller, 1987).
Round Trip Time Prediction Using the Symbolic Function Network Approach (2008)

In this paper, we develop a novel approach to model the Internet round trip time using a recently proposed symbolic type neural network model called symbolic function network. The developed predictor is shown to have good generalization performance and simple representation compared to the multilayer perceptron based predictors.
Cartilage‐derived morphogenetic proteins enhance the osteogenic protein‐1‐induced osteoblastic cell differentiation of C2C12 cells (2004)

Previous studies have shown that osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1; also known as BMP-7) induces differentiation of the pluripotent mesenchymal cell line C2C12 into osteoblastic cells. OP-1 also alters the steady-state levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding for the cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) in C2C12 cells. In the present study, the effects of exogenous CDMPs on bone cell differentiation induced by OP-1 in C2C12 cells were examined. Exogenous CDMP-1, -2, and -3 synergistically and dose-dependently enhanced OP-1 action in stimulating alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and osteocalcin (OC) mRNA expression. AP staining studies revealed that the combination of OP-1 and CDMP enhanced OP-1 action by stimulating those cells that had responded to OP-1 and not by activating additional cells. The combination did not change the mRNA expression of the BMPs and their receptors. CDMP-1 enhanced the suppression of the OP-1-induced expression of the myogeneic differentiation regulator MyoD. CDMP-1 and OP-1 alone stimulated Smad5 protein expression, but the combination of OP-1 and CDMP-1 stimulated synergistically Smad5 protein expression. Thus, one mechanism of the observed synergy involved enhancement of the induced Smad5 protein expression. At the same protein concentration, CDMP-1 is most potent in enhancing OP-1 activity in inducing osteoblastic cell differentiation of C2C12 cells. CDMP-3 is about 80% as potent as CDMP-1, and CDMP-2 is the least potent (about 50% of CDMP-1).
New tin-119 NMR tagging reagents for labile hydrogen functional group analysis (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew tin-119 NMR tagging reagents for labile hydrogen functional group analysisMao Chun Ye and John G. VerkadeCite this: Energy Fuels 1994, 8, 1, 172–178Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00043a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00043a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Increasing Incidence, Cost, and Seasonality in Patients Hospitalized for Cellulitis (2017)

Using data from the National Inpatient Sample, 1998-2013, we show that hospitalizations for cellulitis have approximately doubled. Costs increased by 118% to $3.74 billion annually. In addition, hospitalizations for cellulitis are highly seasonal, peaking in summer months: incidence during the peak month of July is 35% higher than in February.
High-speed Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor design with commercial off-the-shelf optics (2006)

Several trade-offs relevant to the design of a two-dimensional high-speed Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor are presented. Also outlined are some simple preliminary experiments that can be used to establish critical design specifications not already known. These specifications include angular uncertainty, maximum measurable wavefront tilt, and spatial resolution. A generic design procedure is then introduced to enable the adaptation of a limited selection of CCD cameras and lenslet arrays to the desired design specifications by use of commercial off-the-shelf optics. Although initially developed to aid in the design of high-speed (i.e., megahertz-frame-rate) Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors, our method also works when used for slower CCD cameras. A design example of our procedure is provided.
Analog-input analog-weight dot-product operation with Ag/a-Si/Pt memristive devices (2012)

We demonstrate that hybrid circuit consisting of Ag/a-Si/Pt memristive devices and silicon operational amplifier can perform analog dot-product computation. The high conductive states in the considered memristive device are linear, making it useful for general analog-input analog-weight operations. In particular, in proposed hybrid circuits, input analog voltage is multiplied by analog weight (conductance) of memristive devices, and the resulting currents are passively summed with the inverting configuration operational amplifier. The proposed concept is checked experimentally by demonstrating passive mixing of two continuous analog signals using a discrete chip operational amplifier and Ag/a-Si/Pt memristive devices, which are programmed using a recently demonstrated variation-tolerant algorithm with a high precision.