gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Effective Content Authentication for Digital Videos by Employing Feature Extraction and Quantization (2009)

A content authentication scheme for digital videos is proposed in this paper. In order to prevent the content from being unnoticeably tampered with by using digital editing facilities, we employ the approach of scalar/vector quantization on the reliable features extracted from video frame blocks to form the authentication code, which is transmitted along with the video. The resulting authentication code is sensitive to malicious modifications of video data but resilient to allowed lossy compression processes, such as H.264/advanced video coding (AVC). The integrity of video content can thus be guaranteed if the extracted feature matches the transmitted authentication code. Experimental results will show the feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Control of Gaeumannomyces graminis Var. tritici in Wheat by Isolates of the G. graminis var. graminis/Phialophora sp. (Lobed Hyphopodia) Complex under Field Conditions (1984)

Abstract In an experiment carried out under field conditions, wheat inoculated with Gaeumanmyces graminis var. tritics had less take‐all and yielded significantly more grain when simultaneously inoculated with G. graminis var. graminis and a lobed hyphopodiate phialophora sp. then when unprotected with these fungi.
Index compression is good, especially for random access (2007)

Index compression techniques are known to substantially decrease the storage requirements of a text retrieval system. As a side-effect, they may increase its retrieval performance by reducing disk I/O overhead. Despite this advantage, developers sometimes choose to store index data in uncompressed form, in order to not obstruct random access into each index term's postings list.
Strain Estimation Using the Extended Combined Autocorrelation Method (2001)

We previously proposed the combined autocorrelation (CA) method to estimate the strain distribution in tissue. This method is based on the conventional Doppler method but overcomes the problem of aliasing, which is a weakness of the Doppler method. The ability of the CA method has been demonstrated with phantom experiments and in vitro measurements. However, we have to maintain the tissue displacement in the axial direction because the CA method is based on 1-D processing, and this is difficult to perform with the conventional compression system. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an extended CA method that is robust against sideslip. We also demonstrate the ability of this method with computer simulations.
Evolution of computer-human interface design for the personal multimedia desktop conference system (2002)

Several aspects of computer-human interface design for personal multimedia desktop teleconference systems are discussed from the viewpoint of improving information input and output control. A computer-human interface implemented in a personal multimedia desktop teleconference system is presented. Its features of multimedia windowing, sound localization and side-talk control are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Iron chelates bind nitric oxide and decrease mortality in an experimental model of septic shock. (1996)

The hydroxamic acid siderophore ferrioxamine B [FeIII(HDFB)+] and the iron complex of diethylenetri-aminepentaacetic acid [FeIII(DTPA)2-] protected mice against death by septic shock induced by Corynebacterium parvum + lipopolysaccharide. Although FeIII(DTPA)2- was somewhat more effective than FeIII(HDFB)+, the iron-free ligand H4DFB+ was significantly more effective than DTPA. The hydroxamic acid chelator has a much higher iron affinity than the amine carboxylate, allowing for more efficient formation of the FeIII(HDFB)+ complex upon administration of the iron-free ligand. Electrochemical studies show that FeIII(DTPA)2- binds NO stoichiometrically upon reduction to iron(II) at biologically relevant potentials to form a stable NO adduct. In contrast, FeIII(HDFB)+ is a stable and efficient electrocatalyst for the reduction of NO to N2O at biologically relevant potentials. These results suggest that the mechanism of protection against death by septic shock involves NO scavenging and that particularly effective drugs that operate a low dosages may be designed based on the principle of redox catalysis. These complexes constitute a new family of drugs that rely on the special ability of transition metals to activate small molecules. In addition, the wealth of information available on siderophore chemistry and biology provides an intellectual platform for further development.
Automatic fault interpretation with optimal surface voting (2018)

Numerous types of fault attributes have been proposed to detect faults by measuring reflection continuities or discontinuities. However, these attributes can be sensitive to other seismic discontinuities, such as noise and stratigraphic features. In addition, fault features within a fault attribute image often cannot be continuously tracked. We have developed an optimal surface-voting method to enhance a fault attribute image so that the noisy features (unrelated to faults) are suppressed whereas the fault features become cleaner and more continuous. In this method, we first automatically pick seed points from the input attribute image and use these seeds as control points to compute optimal surface patches that pass through the control points and follow globally maximum fault attribute values. Then, we consider all the computed surfaces as voters and define voting scores for each voter by using fault attribute values that are smoothed along the surface voter. We further collect voting scores of all the voters to compute a voting score map as a new fault attribute image, in which fault features (with high scores) are much cleaner, sharper, and more continuous than those in the input attribute image. With the optimal surface voters, we can also accurately estimate fault orientations (strikes and dips) by computing weighted averages of the surface voter orientations. From a voting score map with clean and continuous fault features, fault surfaces can be extracted by tacking the fault features along the estimated fault orientations. The computational cost of the method depends on the number of seed points, not the size of the seismic volume, which makes the method highly efficient. With an four-core computer, our parallel implementation can process more than 1000 seeds in 1 s to compute the corresponding optimal voting surfaces and a final voting score map.
Radiation-Induced Recombination Is Dependent on Ku80 (1999)

We have recently shown that irradiating cells prior to transfection induces recombination, as manifested by increased stable transduction of both plasmid and adenoviral vectors. We hypothesized that Ku proteins, which have previously been shown to be involved in both recombination and the repair of DNA damage after irradiation, would likely be important mediators of radiation-induced recombination. The present work demonstrates that Ku80 is essential for radiation-induced recombination. While human and hamster Ku80 are equally effective at restoring the transfection efficiency and radiation resistance of xrs-5 cells, human Ku80 is much more effective at radiation-induced recombination than hamster Ku80. This difference is not due to differences in Ku80 expression or DNA end-binding activity, but it may be due to structural differences between human and hamster Ku80.
Rotation by Reciprocation Casing-Landing Technology (2015)

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 172144, “Rotation by Reciprocation Casing-Landing Technology,” by R. Gosselin and T. Montgomery, Longhorn Casing Tools; A. Muriby, SPE, and Moataz Yussef, Wildcat Oilfield Services; and S. Karrani and A. Khamis, Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Company, prepared for the 2014 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 10–13 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed. With the innovation of extended-reach and directional drilling, running casing and liner strings has become increasingly difficult. Not much has been done to address the challenges, which include ledges and obstructions, washouts, swelling shale, bridging, high doglegs, difficult well profiles, fill on bottom, and well collapse. To overcome the challenges, a new product line was developed as a way to facilitate casing operations, especially for long horizontal strings, production strings, and intermediate casing strings. Introduction The technology can rotate independently from the casing when encountering obstructions and hanging. The rotation is performed by reciprocating the casing through 3- to 5-ft strokes that cause the tool shoe to act as a bit and ream. It drills off the obstruction and guides the casing string through ledges, tight swollen sections, and doglegs, allowing effective removal of fill and debris from below the casing/liner shoe to land at the intended total depth (TD). The technology comprises two main components: the tool body, which is made similar to the casing grade being run, and the internal mechanism, which is made from industrial-grade aluminum alloy for the mandrels and bronze components for the bit, both of which lend strength and durability to the tool while facilitating a smooth clean drillout with a standard polycrystalline-diamond-compact (PDC) bit. Technology Concept The tool provides rotation at the end of the casing string by reciprocating the casing string rather than by rotating the string at surface. It uses a very small amount of hydraulic pressure, provided by the mud pump, to enable the removal of fill by penetrating through it and circulating it out. Also, it provides deflection of the casing shoe to bypass ledges. The tool has a fixed helical mandrel connecting to the casing string, so the lower tool body is able to rotate. Only 21 psi of internal hydraulic pressure is needed to extend the lower tool body along the mandrel into an open position. By applying this pressure, the mechanism at the lower assembly of the tool rotates and extends into an open position. By setting weight on the tool, the lower assembly moves up along the mandrel, causing right-hand rotation on the lower assembly by lowering the casing string. The tool is effectively torque neutral, causing no torsional torque transmitted up the casing string.
Working Nation, the Ethos of Competition and the Transformation of Public Policy (2005)

Working Nation marked a pivotal shift in the public agenda. The policy framework articulated by Working Nation was built around the idea of 'competition'. This paper traces the linage of competition and it's roots in the thinking that shaped Working Nation. It is argued that working nation provided the model for how competition could be embedded in a range of policy developments.
The World Wide Web: Applications in Agricultural Economics (1996)

Agribusiness, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Microvascular Remodeling after Occlusion-Recanalization of a Branch Retinal Vein in Rats (2004)

Transient occlusion of a retinal vein in rats leads to short- and long-term microvascular remodeling upstream of the occlusion site. This study describes a model for the tridimensional arrangement of retinal microvessel that accounts for the topography of the early capillary closure and collateral vessel formation that occur after BRVO. In the long term, these changes regressed incompletely, with recanalization of the occluded vein, suggesting that after a short period of occlusion, microvascular changes may become at least partially independent of flow. Despite the intrinsically limited applicability of this model to human vein occlusion, the results suggest that even if therapeutic decompression of an occluded vein is performed early, it may not reverse capillary dropout completely.
Au2trien: a dinuclear gold(iii) complex with unprecedented structural features (2002)

The X-ray structure of a dinuclear gold(III) complex, Au2trien, shows the presence of two square planar gold(III) centers bridged by a nitrogen donor, in a very unusual fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Hydrogen Systems. Part C. Technical Applications (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DF3 antigen, a human epithelial cell mucin, inhibits adhesion of eosinophils to antibody-coated targets. (1990)

Although mucins provide lubrication and physical protection for epithelial cell surfaces, other functional roles for these large glycoproteins are unknown. One human mucin, designated DF3 Ag, is detectable on apical surfaces of normal epithelial secretory cells and in normal milk, urine, and plasma. The present studies have examined the effects of DF3 Ag purified from both normal and malignant sources on the antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of Schistosoma mansoni by eosinophils (ADCC-E) and on the adherence of eosinophils to inert antibody-coated targets. DF3 Ag purified from tissue culture supernatant of a human breast carcinoma cell line or from human milk inhibited ADCC-E in a concentration-dependent manner, with half-maximal inhibitory activity at 3 to 10 micrograms/ml. Inhibition of ADCC-E was specific for the DF3 mucin, because no inhibition was observed with two other unrelated, circulating glycoproteins: carcinoembryonic Ag and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. Inhibition was not a result of direct cytotoxicity of the DF3 Ag for eosinophils, as demonstrated by the lack of detectable effect of the mucin on cellular trypan blue exclusion or PMA-induced H2O2 release. The inhibitory effect was time dependent, requiring the presence of DF3 Ag in the ADCC-E culture for at least 4 h, beginning within the first 2 h of eosinophil-schistosomula interaction. Furthermore, inhibition was not a result of interaction between DF3 Ag and the activating lymphokine. These data suggest that inhibition of ADCC-E by DF3 Ag is a result of interference of adhesion of eosinophils to Ig-coated targets. In this regard, purified DF3 tumor Ag prevents eosinophil adherence to human Ig-conjugated Sepharose 4B beads. Preincubation of the inert Ig-coated targets with DF3 Ag did not inhibit subsequent eosinophil adherence, suggesting that DF3 Ag interacts with a moiety present on the eosinophil. Inhibition of adhesion occurred at 37 degrees C, but was also observed at 4 degrees C. These results suggest that DF3 Ag acts as an immunomodulating agent. Because activated eosinophils can damage surrounding normal tissues as well as infectious organisms, DF3 Ag may serve to protect secretory epithelium from the cytotoxic effects of activated inflammatory cells.
Carboxyl-terminal consensus Ser-Lys-Leu-related tripeptide of peroxisomal proteins functions in vitro as a minimal peroxisome-targeting signal. (1992)

The minimal sequence requirement for a peroxisome-targeting signal was investigated using an in vitro import system. Carboxyl-terminal sequences Ser-Lys-Leu (SKL) and Leu-Gln-Ser-Lys-Leu (LQSKL) of acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX) directed to peroxisomes the fused proteins with import-incompetent forms of AOX and catalase that had been truncated, implying that the SKL tripeptide functions as a targeting signal. Elimination of the entire SKL sequence or deletion of any 1 or 2 amino acids in the sequence abolished the import activity of AOX. Substitution of alanine for serine did not affect the import activity. Topogenic activity was retained when lysine was mutated to either arginine or histidine, whereas mutation to glutamic acid completely abolished the activity. A synthetic peptide comprising the carboxyl-terminal 10 amino acid residues of AOX inhibited the import of the authentic AOX polypeptide, whereas other peptides in which SKL was mutated, deleted, or internally located were not effective. The uptake of AOX was little affected by the peptide with an amidated alpha-carboxyl group. These results strongly suggest that the carboxyl-terminal SKL motif sequence (Ser/Ala)-(Lys/Arg/His)-Leu functions as a topogenic signal in translocation of proteins into peroxisomes, requiring the whole tripeptide sequence with a free alpha-COOH group at the carboxyl terminus.
Stability of the Adenosine 5′-Triphosphate Pool in <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> : Influence of pH and Substrate (1981)

The ability of Coxiella burnetii to couple oxidation of metabolic substrates to adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis in axenic reaction buffers was examined. Pyruvate, succinate, and glutamate were catabolized and incorporated at the highest rates of 11 substrates tested. Glutamate oxidation, however, resulted in the greatest stability of the ATP pool and highest intracellular ATP levels over a 48-h period. At pH 4.5, the optimum for metabolism by C. burnetii, glutamate oxidation resulted in maintenance of the ATP pool at a concentration of approximately 0.7 nmol of ATP per mg of dry weight over a 96-h period. In the absence of substrate, ATP declined by 96 h to less than 0.01 nmol/mg of dry weight. When cells were maintained at pH 7.0 in the presence or absence of glutamate, ATP pools were considerably more stable, presumably due to the minimal metabolic activity displayed by C. burnetii at pH 7. The stability of the ATP pool reflected viability as there was greater than an 8-log decrease in viable C. burnetii after incubation for 7 days at pH 4.5 in the absence of glutamate. Viability was retained in the presence of glutamate at pH 4.5 or 7.0 in the absence of any added substrate. The stability of the ATP pool was due to endogenous synthesis of ATP coupled to substrate oxidation as shown by depression of ATP levels in the presence of inhibitors of electron transport or oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, the adenylate energy charge increased from an initial value of 0.57 to 0.73 during glutamate oxidation with a concomitant rise in the total adenylate pool size. C. burnetii therefore appears able to regulate endogenous ATP levels in response to substrate availability and pH, thus effecting a conservation of metabolic energy in neutral or alkaline environments. Such a mechanism has been proposed to play a role in the resistance of C. burnetii to environmental conditions and subsequent activation upon entry into the phagolysosome in which this organism replicates.
Basophil activation test: food challenge in a test tube or specialist research tool? (2016)

Oral food challenge (OFC) is the gold-standard to diagnose food allergy; however, it is a labour and resource-intensive procedure with the risk of causing an acute allergic reaction, which is potentially severe. Therefore, OFC are reserved for cases where the clinical history and the results of skin prick test and/or specific IgE do not confirm or exclude the diagnosis of food allergy. This is a significant proportion of patients seen in Allergy clinics and results in a high demand for OFC. The basophil activation test (BAT) has emerged as a new diagnostic test for food allergy. With high diagnostic accuracy, it can be particularly helpful in the cases where skin prick test and specific IgE are equivocal and may allow reducing the need for OFC. BAT has high specificity, which confers a high degree of certainty in confirming the diagnosis of food allergy and allows deferring the performance of OFC in patients with a positive BAT. The diagnostic utility of BAT is allergen-specific and needs to be validated for different allergens and in specific patient populations. Standardisation of the laboratory methodology and of the data analyses would help to enable a wider clinical application of BAT.
Clock Rate Conversion for Digital Video (1992)

Over the next two or three years, engineers will continue to debate the future of U.S. TV standards, deciding whether it will be analog or digital, simulcast or NTSC compatible, how to transmit it to the home, and with which quality. While these debates take place, NTSC production will continue. NTSC studios will be built, and it can be predicted with a high degree of confidence that the major part of future production facilities will be digital. In fact digital studios are being constructed now; their proliferation is limited mainly by the lack of standardization and systems hardware.
Consequences of receptor editing at the λ locus: Multireactivity and light chain secretion (2006)

To investigate the manner in which B cells with lambda light (L) chains undergo receptor editing, we have studied hybridoma panels from 56R/kappa-deleted (kdel) mice. 56R/kdel mice only produce four L chains (lambda1, lambda2, lambda3, and lambdaX). They also have a simplified heavy (H) chain repertoire: All B cells start out with a 56R anti-DNA H chain. A few frankly autoreactive 56R lambda1 cells appear to escape into the periphery, but the majority of the peripheral B cell repertoire in 56R/kdel is made up of B cells expressing the 56R H chain with the lambdaX L chain. Surprisingly, 56R lambdaX B cells are multireactive, binding to a variety of self and nonself antigens, including dsDNA (albeit at reduced affinity compared with the other lambda L chains). Another significant population in the 56R/kdel mouse consists of allelically included B cells that express lambdaX along with another L chain. The multireactivity of both 56R lambdaX and 56R lambdaX/lambda1 receptors could contribute to autoimmunity if these B cells were to become activated. Also found among 56R/kdel hybridomas are clones that have inactivated the H chain and secrete only L chains. These clones may represent products of exhaustive rearrangement. Multireactivity, allelic inclusion, and L chain secretion are three consequences of editing at the lambda locus that may predispose toward the development of autoimmunity.
2007年《美丽》年度高峰会 (2007)

明星聚在一起的话题是什么?呵呵,不是说帅哥就是谈美容啦,这次我们《美丽》举办了一个年度的美丽明星高峰会,邀请了25位明星来参与,穿衣打扮、美容护肤、饰品加分等都涉及到,你也快来参加吧!
Cross‐species identification of proteins separated by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and amino acid composition (1995)

Amino acid analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to identify nine of twelve proteins originally separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and derived from an organism poorly defined at the molecular level (Spiroplasma melliferum). Two of three unidentified proteins appeared to be novel. The percentage amino acid composition and the molecular mass of peptide fragments generated by tryptic digestion were used to search the PIR/SWISS-PROT and MOWSE databases respectively. Lists of candidate proteins were independently generated and ranked from data obtained by both methods. A putative identification was allocated when a single candidate protein appeared in both lists of computer-generated rankings. Results were verified using N-terminal protein microsequencing. The combined use of amino acid composition and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry allowed a high degree of confidence to be placed in such identifications because they were based upon homologous data sets of at least 20 parameters (16 amino acids and 4-10 tryptic digest fragments). A further two parameters, estimated M(r) and, to a lesser extent, pI, were also used to reinforce this measure of confidence. Ranking of candidate proteins by one method alone could lead to false identification. Both techniques can process large numbers of samples rapidly. In light of the increasing number of entries in both gene and protein databases, this approach is likely to become an essential first step for the characterisation of proteins, particularly across species boundaries.