gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The protective effect of blackberry anthocyanins against free radical-induced oxidation and cytotoxicity in multiple cell lines (2010)

Anthocyanins are the blue and red pigments found in berries, with known antioxidant properties that may be associated with several health benefits, such as a reduction in the risk of heart disease and cancer. Blackberry in particular, is a rich source of anthocyanins and has notable antioxidant activity. Although the antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins has been well established in cell free in vitro system, there is very little evidence that links this antioxidant activity with protection against free radical associated oxidative damage in biological systems. The ultimate goal of this thesis, therefore, was to evaluate the protective effect of blackberry anthocyanins against free radical-induced oxidative stress and the resulting cytotoxicity using multiple cultured cell lines. Anthocyanins of both crude blackberry extracts as well as an anthocyanin enriched fraction were identified and quantified using HPLC. Different cytotoxicity assays (MTT, CellTiterGlo, BrdU) were validated against cell counting method to determine the most appropriate cytotoxicity assay(s) for the evaluation of blackberry anthocyanins in cultured cells. The effect of blackberry anthocyanins were individually evaluated in five distinct cell lines: two breast cancer lines (MDA-MB-453 and MCF-7), two intestinal cell lines (Caco-2 and INT-407), and one prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP), using M T T and CellTiter-Glo assay. In other tests, AAPH (2, 2' -azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride), a free radical generator, was used to initiate intracellular oxidation and induce cytotoxicity. The effect of the blackberry extracts against AAPH initiated intracellular oxidation was monitored with a dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. The protective effect of blackberry anthocyanins against AAPH-induced cytotoxicity was measured with MTT and CellTiterGlo assays. Cell cycle analysis was also performed to determine possible protective mechanisms of blackberry anthocyanins against free radical associated damages. Cyanidin-3-glucoside was found to be the major anthocyanin (85 %) in blackberry. Blackberry anthocyanins were demonstrated to have no cytotoxic properties at physiological concentration. In addition, blackberry anthocyanins were found to suppress AAPH-initiated intracellular oxidation. This effect corresponded a protection effect against free radical-induced cytotoxicity. Cell cycle analysis with propidium iodide staining demonstrated that blackberry anthocyanins prevented cytotoxicity by scavenging the generated peroxyl radicals, thus alleviating AAPH-induced apoptosis.
Clover establishment in Northern California (1964)

A survey of 26 northern counties has shown that pastures of rose clover {Tri-folium hirtum) and subterranean clover (T. subterraneum) establish and produce a high quality forage under a wide variety of soil and climatic conditions when they are inoculated with the appropriate root-nodule bacteria and properly fertilized with sulfur or phosphorus where needed. However, there have been a number of failures associated with early nitrogen deficiency in the legume followed by the death of the plants. In certain cases this can be attributed to faulty handling of the cultures of root-nodule bacteria or improper sowing practices. These factors have led to the desiccation and death of the root nodule bacteria on the seed, nodulation failure of the legume and failure of the pasture. Information is being assembled to acquaint ranchers with sound inoculation and sowing techniques in collaboration with J. Street, extension range improvement specialist.
Extending Graphplan to handle uncertainty and sensing actions (1998)

If an agent does not have complete information about the world-state, it must reason about alternative possible states of the world and consider whether any of its actions can reduce the uncertainty. Agents controlled by a contingent planner seek to generate a robust plan, that accounts for and handles all eventualities, in advance of execution. Thus a contingent plan may include sensing actions which gather information that is later used to select between different plan branches. Unfortunately, previous contingent planners suffered defects such as confused semantics, incompleteness, and inefficiency. In this paper we describe SGP, a descendant of Graphplan that solves contingent planning problems. SGP distinguishes between actions that sense the value of an unknown proposition from those that change its value. SGP does not suffer from the forms of incompleteness displayed by CNLP and Cassandra. Furthermore, SGP is relatively fast.
Role of Surface/Interfacial Cu<sup>2+</sup> Sites in the Photocatalytic Activity of Coupled CuO−TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites (2008)

Coupled CuO−TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts were prepared by a deposition precipitation method and were characterized with a variety of techniques. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed to study the local structures of surface/interfacial Cu2+ sites using Cu2+ as a sensitive paramagnetic probe. The addition of bulk CuO to TiO2 led to decreased photocatalytic efficiency in the degradation of methylene blue. However, doping with a very small amount of CuO (0.1 wt % copper loading) significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. EPR study of the TiO2 surface revealed the presence of both highly dispersed CuO clusters and substitutional Cu2+ sites (Ti−O−Cu linkages) at 0.1 wt % copper loading. The data suggest that the Ti−O−Cu linkages contributed to the improved photooxidative activity of the 0.1% CuO−TiO2 nanocomposite. In contrast, at higher loadings the bulk form of CuO created charge recombination centers lowering the photoactivity of the composites.
Amino acid networks (1998)

The large range of hydrophobicities and water solubilities of α-amino acids, together with the general accessibility of the L (natural) and D (synthetic) enantiomers, makes them ideal candidates for the development of supramolecular networks in crystals, in bulk water and on solid surfaces. In crystal and co-crystal structures of L- and DL- amino acids, amino acid co-crystals and dipeptides, one already finds many useful combinations and obtains definite clues to useful intermolecular interactions. In amphiphilic bilayers and bolaamphiphilic monolayers of amino acid derivatives, crystalline α-networks can also be realized in noncovalent fibers and fiber assemblies. β-Networks presumably depend on some ordering of the fibers on solid subphases or can be made by a stepwise assembly of appropriate amino acids on solid subphases.
Surface and Interface Properties of High-Temperature Superconductors (1988)

Electron spectroscopy has been used to identify occupied and unoccupied electronic states of the superconductors La1.85Sr0.15CuO4, YBa2Cu3O6.9, Bi2Ca1+xSr2-xCu2O8+y, and related cuprate compounds. Results from polycrystalline and single crystalline materials reveal that the valence band emission for the 2-1-4, 1-2-3, and 2-1-2-2 superconductors are remarkably similar, with a low density of states near EF, a central feature at ~3.4 eV, and shoulders at 2.1 and 5.4 eV that are derived primarily from Cu-O hybrid states. Comparison with calculated densities of states shows the importance of correlation effects. Structure in the empty states can be related to La 5d and 4f, Ba 5d and 4f, and Y 4d empty states. Core level results show the Cu 2p3/2 main line and satellite structure associated with formal Cu2+ configuration. The O 1s emission reveals inequivalent chemical environments. Interfaces studies show substrate disruption, contact formation, and passivation, depending on the overlayer. Ag and Au overlayers have a minimal effect (inert contacts) while the deposition of oxygen-scavenging atoms (Ti, Fe, Cu, Pd, La, Al, In, Bi, and Ge) results in oxygen removal and surface disruption. Deposition of the reactive metal Bi in an activated oxygen atmosphere leads to a passivating overlayer. CaF2 also serves as a passivating layer since it has no effect on the superconductor surface.
High energy density miniature electrical and thermal power source using catalytic combustion of butane (2004)

This paper describes the development of a thermoelectric (TE) generator with a catalytic butane combustor. The TE generator is composed of a thermoelectric (TE) module, a catalytic combustor, an ejector to supply air to the combustor and an ignition heater. Liquid gases such as butane and propane are used as fuel. The ejector makes supersonic fuel jet from a Laval nozzle, and sucks air by viscous dragging and pressure drop due to the fuel jet. The prototyped ejector sucked air with 31.2 times larger volume of air, satisfying the requirements for the complete combustion of butane. However, the performance dramatically decreases with increase in back pressure. Therefore, to minimize the pressure loss of the combustor is necessary. The combustor without a load (TE module) achieved self-sustaining combustion and electrical ignition using butane as fuel. When the TE modules were attached to the combustor, however, butane combustion was impossible and the combustion efficiency of hydrogen decreased. The generation test was performed by attaching two TE modules to the combustor and using hydrogen as fuel. The conversion efficiency reached 1.8% at an output power of 276 mW. This study confirmed that the miniature TE generator is practical, if the performance of the combustor is improved.
A 64-channel neuron recording system (2011)

This paper presents a fully integrated low-power neuron recording front-end system in TSMC 65 nm 1p6m CMOS technology. The proposed system is comprised of two recording modules, each containing 32 recording channels with tunable bandwidth and gain, a 32-to-1 multiplexer, one differential successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with programmable sampling rate on each channel, and a digital control module to govern the signal digitization as well as to encode and serialize the digitized neuron signal from two ADCs. The recording amplifier presents a low power and low noise merits of 6 μW and input-referred noise of 3.8 μV(rms). The ADC digitizes the neural signal at a sampling rate of 40 kS/s with 9-bit resolution. The overall power consumption of the entire system is 2.56 mW and occupies an area of 3 × 4mm(2).
Foam cells in atherosclerosis (2013)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the deposition of excessive cholesterol in the arterial intima. Macrophage foam cells play a critical role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. The generation of these cells is associated with imbalance of cholesterol influx, esterification and efflux. CD36 and scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) are mainly responsible for uptake of lipoprotein-derived cholesterol by macrophages. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT1) and neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase (nCEH) regulate cholesterol esterification. ATP-binding cassette transporters A1(ABCA1), ABCG1 and scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) play crucial roles in macrophage cholesterol export. When inflow and esterification of cholesterol increase and/or its outflow decrease, the macrophages are ultimately transformed into lipid-laden foam cells, the prototypical cells in the atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of this review is to describe what is known about the mechanisms of cholesterol uptake, esterification and release in macrophages. An increased understanding of the process of macrophage foam cell formation will help to develop novel therapeutic interventions for atherosclerosis.
ATP hydrolysis-dependent protease activity of the lon (capR) protein of Escherichia coli K-12. (1981)

Mutations in the lon (capR) gene result in multiple phenotypes, one of which is the failure to degrade abnormal and normal proteins (Deg-). Previous work with partially purified preparations showed that the lon (capR) gene product is a 94,000-dalton polypeptide with an affinity for nucleic acids. The lon (capR) protein has now been highly purified and is demonstrated to have an ATP-dependent protease activity. The enzyme hydrolyzed 3H-labeled alpha-casein into trichloroacetic acid-soluble forms in Tris buffer containing Mg2+ and ATP. The reaction has a pH optimum of 8.5 and ATP was the preferred nucleotide. CTP and UTP could substitute for ATP (75% and 67%, respectively) but GTP, ADP, AMP, cyclic AMP, and PPi could not. Proteolysis by the lon (capR) protein required ATP hydrolysis. Nonhydrolyzable analogs of ATP and CTP did not promote casein cleavage. When low concentrations of ATP were used, proteolysis stopped as the ATP pool was depleted. Casein stimulated lon (capR) ATPase activity, and the products were ADP and inorganic phosphate in equimolar amounts. No protein kinase activity was detected. The DNA-binding activity, present in partially pure preparations, was retained in the purified protein. The gene product purified from a lon nonsense mutant that exhibits the Deg- phenotype (capR9), lacked both the ATP-dependent protease and ATPase activities, though it retained DNA-binding activity. Absence of an ATP-dependent protease activity could account for many of the pleiotropic effects observed in lon mutants.
Automated, Quantitative Screening Assay for Antiangiogenic Compounds Using Transgenic Zebrafish (2007)

Pathologic angiogenesis has emerged as an important therapeutic target in several major diseases. Zebrafish offer the potential for high-throughput drug discovery in a whole vertebrate system. We developed the first quantitative, automated assay for antiangiogenic compound identification using zebrafish embryos. This assay uses transgenic zebrafish with fluorescent blood vessels to facilitate image analysis. We developed methods for automated drugging and imaging of zebrafish in 384-well plates and developed a custom algorithm to quantify the number of angiogenic blood vessels in zebrafish. The assay was used to screen the LOPAC1280 compound library for antiangiogenic compounds. Two known antiangiogenic compounds, SU4312 and AG1478, were identified as hits. Additionally, one compound with no previously known antiangiogenic activity, indirubin-3'-monoxime (IRO), was identified. We showed that each of the hit compounds had dose-dependent antiangiogenic activity in zebrafish. The IC(50) of SU4312, AG1478, and IRO in the zebrafish angiogenesis assay was 1.8, 8.5, and 0.31 micromol/L, respectively. IRO had the highest potency of the hit compounds. Moreover, IRO inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation (IC(50) of 6.5 and 0.36 micromol/L, respectively). It is therefore the first antiangiogenic compound discovered initially in a zebrafish assay that also has demonstrable activity in human endothelial cell-based angiogenesis assays.
Immigrants and Health Care (1995)

Letters15 September 1995Immigrants and Health CareSteven Asch, MD, MPHSteven Asch, MD, MPHUniversity of Southern California; Los Angeles, CA 90033Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-6-199509150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I wholeheartedly agree with Dr. Evans that the recent California initiative limiting access to health services for undocumented immigrants may increase communicable disease rates. He stated that “in all likelihood, few immigrants would be compelled to leave the state because of the initiative; they would instead potentially spread the disease and remain ignorant of their disease status out of fear of requesting any health care service” [1]. However, he cited no data to support this reasonable conclusion.Data from a recent study conducted by the University of Southern California and Los Angeles Tuberculosis Control lend credence to ...References1. Evans CA Jr. Immigrants and health care: mounting problems [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:309-10. Google Scholar2. Asch S, Leake B, Gelberg L. Does fear of immigration authorities deter tuberculosis patients from seeking care? West J Med. 1994; 161:373-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Steven Asch, MD, MPHAffiliations: University of Southern California; Los Angeles, CA 90033 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1995Volume 123, Issue 6Page: 476KeywordsFearHealth careLesionsMedical servicesMotivation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Heteropolymer‐mediated clearance of immune complexes via erythrocyte CR1: mechanisms and applications (2001)

Opsonization of particulate pathogens by antibodies and complement can lead to their binding to the complement receptor (CR1), specific for C3b, on primate erythrocytes (E). This process of immune adherence may play a role in immunologic defense by immobilizing bacteria and viruses, thus preventing them from leaving the bloodstream to invade susceptible tissue and organs. Immune adherence of C3b-opsonized and immune complexed pathogens to E may also facilitate their transfer to, and destruction by, fixed tissue macrophages. We have used mAbs specific for CR1 crosslinked with pathogen specific mAbs to generate heteropolymers (HP) which can bind a wide range of substrates to primate erythrocytes. Both prototype and bonafide pathogens bound to primate E via HP are handled in the circulation of non-human primates in a manner which appears to be virtually identical to the mechanism by which C3b-opsonized substrates bound to E CR1 are cleared. In this process of focused phagocytosis, Fc receptors on the phagocytic cell engage the E-bound complex, CR1 is removed by proteolysis, and the entire immune complex and CR1 are internalized while sparing the E. It may be possible to use HP to target pathogens in the bloodstream in a wide range of therapeutic applications.
Protection of chickens against highly lethal H5N1 and H7N1 avian influenza viruses with a recombinant fowlpox virus co-expressing H5 haemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase genes (2003)

Inactivated whole avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccine provides protection against homologous haemagglutinin (HA) subtype virus, but poor protection against a heterologous HA virus. Moreover, it induces chickens to produce antibodies to cross-reactive antigens, especially nucleoprotein, which is limits AIV serological surveillance. In this study, a recombinant fowlpox virus co-expressing HA (H5 subtype) and NA (NI subtype)genes of AIV was evaluated for its ability to protect chickens against intramuscular challenge with a lethal dose of highly pathogenic (HP) AIV. Susceptible chickens were also vaccinated by wing-web puncture with the parent fowlpox vaccine virus. Following challenge 4 weeks later with HPAIV, all chickens vaccinated with recombinant virus were protected, while the chickens vaccinated with either the unaltered parent fowlpox vaccine virus or unvaccinated controls experienced 100% mortality following challenge. This protection was accompanied by the high levels of specific antibody to the respective components of the recombinant vaccine. The above results showed that rFPV-HA-NA could be a potential vaccine to replace current inactivated vaccines for preventing AI.
Reduction of enzyme levels by propranolol after acute myocardial infarction. (1978)

The effect of propranolol (0.1 mg/kg intravenously followed by 320 mg given over 27 hour orally) on serum levels of creatine kinase enzyme was studied in a randomized trial involving 95 patients seen within 12 hours of onset of symptoms of uncomplicated myocardial infarction. In 15 patients who were treated with propranolol within 4 hours of onset, and who eventually developed pathological Q waves, peak measured enzyme levels were 27% (P less than 0.0125) lower than in 19 control patients who were also seen within 4 hours of the onset but had no specific treatment. Total calculated enzyme appearance was also lower in the treated patients (reduced 25%, P less than 0.05) as was the calculated rate of the appearance (33%, P less than 0.005). No significant difference was found for treated compared with control patients entering the trial more than 4 hours after the onset of chest pain. This evidence suggests that propranolol may reduce the size of uncomplicated infarctions if it is given intravenously within 4 hours of the onset.
Phase noise suppression in MIMO OFDM systems with incoherent phase noise (2011)

This paper presents a remedy to the phase noise problem in the multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with incoherent phase noise. The phase noise incoherence (PNI) is a common condition that arises when different channels in a MIMO system use different local oscillator (LO) signals. Phase noise tracking algorithms that treat PNI systems similarly to the phase noise coherent systems, are not sufficiently efficient. We propose a new phase noise tracking algorithm, suitable for PNI systems and we will show by means of accurate numerical simulations on an end-to-end, 802.11n simulation platform, the performance improvements that can be gained with our proposed algorithm.
Expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule in human brain tumours (1990)

Conference Article| April 01 1990 Expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule in human brain tumours K. PATEL; K. PATEL *Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Oncology Laboratory, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. BOURNE; S. BOURNE †Brain Tumour Research Laboratory, Frenchay Hospital, Frenchay, Bristol BS16 1LE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. COAKHAM; H. COAKHAM †Brain Tumour Research Laboratory, Frenchay Hospital, Frenchay, Bristol BS16 1LE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. T. KEMSHEAD J. T. KEMSHEAD *Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Oncology Laboratory, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: September 14 1989 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (2): 264. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180264 Article history Received: September 14 1989 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation K. PATEL, S. BOURNE, H. COAKHAM, J. T. KEMSHEAD; Expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule in human brain tumours. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1990; 18 (2): 264. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180264 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecule This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.