gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining phospholipases and a liquid lipase for one-step biodiesel production using crude oils (2014)

Use of liquid lipase Callera Trans L in biodiesel production can provide numerous and sustainable benefits. Besides reducing the costs derived from enzyme immobilization, the lipase can be used in combination with other enzymes such as phospholipases for gums removal, thus allowing the use of much cheaper, non-refined oils. The possibility to perform degumming and transesterification in a single tank involves a great efficiency increase in the new era of enzymatic biodiesel production at industrial scale.
Immune protection experiment of different attenuated vaccines against Newcastle disease virus (2004)

SPF chickens were immunized with different attenuated vaccines of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), such as La Sota strain, V_(G)/G_(A) strain, V_(H) strain, PHY.LMV.42 strain and Clone-30 strain. HI antibody titers of inoculated chickens were determined. The results showed that the antibody titers of NDV were all below 7log2, the data of animal tests indicated that the protective ratios resisting the wild strain of NDV from Dongtai were between 60% and 74%.
Opposing Roles for Membrane Bound and Soluble Fas Ligand in Glaucoma-Associated Retinal Ganglion Cell Death (2011)

Glaucoma, the most frequent optic neuropathy, is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) occurs in all forms of glaucoma and accounts for the loss of vision, however the molecular mechanisms that cause RGC loss remain unclear. The pro-apoptotic molecule, Fas ligand, is a transmembrane protein that can be cleaved from the cell surface by metalloproteinases to release a soluble protein with antagonistic activity. Previous studies documented that constitutive ocular expression of FasL maintained immune privilege and prevented neoangeogenesis. We now show that FasL also plays a major role in retinal neurotoxicity. Importantly, in both TNFα triggered RGC death and a spontaneous model of glaucoma, gene-targeted mice that express only full-length FasL exhibit accelerated RGC death. By contrast, FasL-deficiency, or administration of soluble FasL, protected RGCs from cell death. These data identify membrane-bound FasL as a critical effector molecule and potential therapeutic target in glaucoma.
Temperature Dependence of Electron Mobility in InGaAs/InAlAs Heterostructures (1990)

Temperature dependence of the electron mobility in modulation-doped InGaAs/InAlAs single heterostructures has been investigated by Hall effect measurements in the temperature range from 15 K to 300 K in order to clarify the scattering mechanisms of the electrons. Two kinds of samples are used with doping densities in the InAlAs barrier layer, N D =3×10 17 cm -3 and 1×10 18 cm -3 . The measured electron mobility is compared with the calculated values by taking into account the scattering by InAs-like and GaAs-like LO phonons in the InGaAs channel layer, in addition to the acoustic deformation potential, piezoelectric, ionized impurity, alloy disorder and interface roughness scatterings. The calculated electron mobility shows a good agreement with the experimental data when the alloy disorder potential is assumed to be about 0.7 eV.
Review of Aeronautical Fatigue Investigations in Japan 1977-1979 (1979)

ICAF(International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue:国際航空疲労委員会)の第18回会議および第12回シンポジウムが1983年5月25日から31日の間,フランス第4の都市トウルーズの航空大学(ENSICA)において開催された。本報告は,第18回ICAF会議において,“日本における1981年から1983年にかけての航空疲労に関する研究のレビュー”として発表するために,科学技術庁航空宇宙技術研究所,防衛庁技術研究本部第3研究所,運輸省航空事故調査委員会ならびに航空機製造3社,富士重工業,川崎重工業および三菱重工業で行われた航空疲労に関する研究の成果をまとめたものである。
Cancer Gene Discovery Using the Sleeping Beauty Transposon (2005)

Epidemiological and molecular data support the hypothesis that cancer results from a series of acquired somatic mutations. Discovering the initial mutations required for oncogenesis has long been a goal of cancer research. To date, the majority of causative mutations have been identified based on their ability to act in a dominant fashion and/or because they are activated by chromosomal translocations. Forward genetic screens are necessary for unbiased discovery of the remaining unknown oncogenic mutations. Two recent projects have demonstrated the feasibility of using the Sleeping Beauty transposon as an insertional mutagen for cancer gene discovery. In this article we discuss the history of cancer gene discovery and propose novel forward genetic screens using Sleeping Beauty transposon aimed at specific tissues and accelerating the discovery of recessive tumor suppressor genes.
[Usefulness of temporal subtraction images of chest computed radiography for detection of metastatic pulmonary nodules]. (2000)

Temporal subtraction is a technique by which a previous chest radiograph is subtracted from a current radiograph in order to enhance interval changes. Our purpose in this study was to evaluate the usefulness of temporal subtraction for the detection of metastatic pulmonary nodules. We examined 19 cases of metastatic nodules less than 15 mm in diameter (8.4 mm on average). Temporal subtraction images were created based on the matching of local lung areas in pairs of chest radiographs. By using the subtraction images, the detectability of nodules was clearly improved in 5 cases and moderately improved in 8 cases; there was no improvement in 6 cases. The subtraction images were especially useful for nodules superimposed over normal structures, such as rib, mediastinum, and diaphragm, as well as for small nodules. In 6 of the 19 cases, the nodules had been missed clinically; however, the temporal subtraction images clearly demonstrated half of missed small nodules. Temporal subtraction made it possible to enhance subtle interval changes and helped in detecting small pulmonary metastases. This technique seems promising for augmenting the capabilities of computed radiography of the chest.
Flicking through page-based documents with thumbnail sliders and electronic dog-ears (2000)

Current interfaces for electronic page-based documents, such as books or magazines, offer support for navigation based on explicit reference (hyperlinks) or page-numbers. These methods don't resemble the view of page-content a reader has when browsing paper documents. In this paper we describe a method for navigation based on the coarse mental image readers have of a page they have seen before. We discuss experience from using two implementations and ongoing work on a Designer's Sketchbook, where the method is further developed.
Absorption of Protamine-lnsulin in Diabetic Patients - I. Preparation and Characterization of Protamine-<sup>125</sup>I-InsuIin (1979)

Protamine-125I-insulin with low specific radioactivity was prepared using 125, 127I-insulin, 0.2 I/mole. The preparations were characterized by disc electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and analytical gel chromatography in order to evaluate the suitability of 125I-insulin as marker for insulin in protamine-insulin. The stability of the preparations was followed up to 90 days at 4 degrees C. The biological and immunological activity was determined in mice, isolated rat fat cells and by radioimmunoassay. It was concluded that both from a chemical and a biological point of view, the protamine-125I-insulin is a satisfactory preparation that might be used in absorption studies.
Caspase inhibition reduces tubular apoptosis and proliferation and slows disease progression in polycystic kidney disease (2005)

We have previously demonstrated an increase in proapoptotic caspase-3 in the kidney of Han:SPRD rats with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of caspase inhibition on tubular cell apoptosis and proliferation, cyst formation, and renal failure in the Han:SPRD rat model of PKD. Heterozygous (Cy/+) and littermate control (+/+) male rats were weaned at 3 weeks of age and then treated with the caspase inhibitor IDN-8050 (10 mg/kg per day) by means of an Alzet (Palo Alto, CA) minipump or vehicle [polyethylene glycol (PEG 300)] for 5 weeks. The two-kidney/total body weight ratio more than doubled in Cy/+ rats compared with +/+ rats. IDN-8050 significantly reduced the kidney enlargement by 44% and the cyst volume density by 29% in Cy/+ rats. Cy/+ rats with PKD have kidney failure as indicated by a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen. IDN-8050 significantly reduced the increase in blood urea nitrogen in the Cy/+ rats. The number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive tubular cells and apoptotic tubular cells in non-cystic and cystic tubules was significantly reduced in IDN-8050-treated Cy/+ rats compared with vehicle-treated Cy/+ rats. On immunoblot, the active form of caspase-3 (20 kDa) was significantly decreased in IDN-8050-treated Cy/+ rats compared with vehicle-treated Cy/+ rats. In summary, in a rat model of PKD, caspase inhibition with IDN-8050 (i) decreases apoptosis and proliferation in cystic and noncystic tubules; (ii) inhibits renal enlargement and cystogenesis, and (iii) attenuates the loss of kidney function.
Hive (1995)

article Free Access Share on Hive: fault containment for shared-memory multiprocessors Authors: J. Chapin Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CAView Profile , M. Rosenblum Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CAView Profile , S. Devine Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CAView Profile , T. Lahiri Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CAView Profile , D. Teodosiu Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CAView Profile , A. Gupta Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems ReviewVolume 29Issue 5Dec. 3, 1995 pp 12–25https://doi.org/10.1145/224057.224059Online:03 December 1995Publication History 104citation1,327DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations104Total Downloads1,327Last 12 Months57Last 6 weeks12 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
High-Resolution Respirometry: OXPHOS Protocols for Human Cells and Permeabilized Fibers from Small Biopsies of Human Muscle (2011)

Protocols for high-resolution respirometry (HRR) of intact cells, permeabilized cells, and permeabilized muscle fibers offer sensitive diagnostic tests of integrated mitochondrial function using standard cell culture techniques and small needle biopsies of muscle. Multiple substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration (SUIT) protocols for analysis of oxidative phosphorylation improve our understanding of mitochondrial respiratory control and the pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases. Respiratory states are defined in functional terms to account for the network of metabolic interactions in complex SUIT protocols with stepwise modulation of coupling and substrate control. A regulated degree of intrinsic uncoupling is a hallmark of oxidative phosphorylation, whereas pathological and toxicological dyscoupling is evaluated as a mitochondrial defect. The noncoupled state of maximum respiration is experimentally induced by titration of established uncouplers (FCCP, DNP) to collapse the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane and measure the capacity of the electron transfer system (ETS, open-circuit operation of respiration). Intrinsic uncoupling and dyscoupling are evaluated as the flux control ratio between nonphosphorylating LEAK respiration (electron flow coupled to proton pumping to compensate for proton leaks) and ETS capacity. If OXPHOS capacity (maximally ADP-stimulated oxygen flux) is less than ETS capacity, the phosphorylation system contributes to flux control. Physiological Complex I + II substrate combinations are required to reconstitute TCA cycle function. This supports maximum ETS and OXPHOS capacities, due to the additive effect of multiple electron supply pathways converging at the Q-junction. Substrate control with electron entry separately through Complex I (pyruvate + malate or glutamate + malate) or Complex II (succinate + rotenone) restricts ETS capacity and artificially enhances flux control upstream of the Q-cycle, providing diagnostic information on specific branches of the ETS. Oxygen levels are maintained above air saturation in protocols with permeabilized muscle fibers to avoid experimental oxygen limitation of respiration. Standardized two-point calibration of the polarographic oxygen sensor (static sensor calibration), calibration of the sensor response time (dynamic sensor calibration), and evaluation of instrumental background oxygen flux (systemic flux compensation) provide the unique experimental basis for high accuracy of quantitative results and quality control in HRR.
Cell surface sialic acid influences tumor cell recognition in the mixed lymphocyte reaction. (1987)

The Ia+ B cell lymphoma, AKTB-1b, fails to stimulate thymic lymphocytes in a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction unless pretreated with sialidase or inhibitors of N-linked oligosaccharide processing. A comparison of different sialidases and sialyltransferases suggests that the removal of only a subset of total surface sialic acid, rather than net desialylation of the cell surface, is required. Three sialidases were compared, including Vibrio cholerae (VC) and Clostridium perfringens (CP), which will cleave alpha 2-3, alpha 2-6, and alpha 2-8, sialic acid linkages, and Newcastle Disease virus (NDV), which will remove only alpha 2-3 and alpha 2-8 linked sialic acid. When treated with equivalent units of sialidase, CP-, VC-, and NDV-treated cells were 24-fold, sixfold, and threefold better stimulators than untreated cells. In contrast, VC released 1.3-fold and 2.5-fold more sialic acid per cell than did CP or NDV, respectively. Furthermore, VC was superior in reducing the levels of binding of the sialic acid-specific lectin, Limulus polyphemus agglutinin, in exposing Gal beta 1-3GalNAc and Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc residues, and in desialylating gangliosides. Two-dimensional gel analysis indicated that VC and CP were both equal and superior to NDV in the desialylation of iodinatable cell-surface proteins, including H-2Kk, I-A beta k, and a highly sialylated 65,000 dalton protein of unknown identity. Maximal resialylation of CP-treated cells with exogenously added CMP-NANA and either the alpha 2-3(Gal beta 1-3GalNAc) or alpha 2-6(Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc) sialyltransferase did not reduce the stimulatory capacity of these cells. However, resialylation of VC-treated cells with just CMP-NANA alone resulted in 49% reversal of their stimulatory capacity, and no additional reversal could be achieved with either of the sialyltransferases. Although the alpha 2-6(Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc) sialyltransferase was capable of adding back approximately 10% of the sialic acid removed, the endogenous activity added back approximately 0.1% of the total sialic acid removed. SDS-PAGE gels of the sialylated cells indicated that the exogenously added sialyltransferase labeled many different proteins, whereas the endogenous activity labeled far fewer proteins, predominantly in 46,000 and 25,000 m.w. range. Both the desialylation and resialylation data suggest that the sialidase-dependent stimulation is due to the desialylation of specific membrane structures. Together with previous studies, these data suggest that the sialic acids involved are probably alpha 2-6 linked to N-linked glycosyl moieties.
Adaptive control of robotic manipulators (1987)

The paper presents a new approach to adaptive control of manipulators to achieve trajectory tracking by the joint angles. The central concept in this approach is the utilization of the manipulator "inverse" as a feedforward controller. The desired trajectory is applied as an input to the feedforward controller which "behaves" as the "inverse" of the manipulator at any operating point; and the controller output is used as the driving torque for the manipulator. The controller gains are then updated by an adaptation algorithm derived from MRAC theory to cope with variations in the manipulator inverse due to changes of the operating point. An adaptive feedback controller and an auxiliary signal are also used to enhance closed-loop stability and to achieve faster adaptation. The proposed control scheme is computationally fast and does not require a priori knowledge of the complex dynamic model or the parameter values of the manipulator or the payload.
Clinical Isolates of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases: Prevalence of CTX-M-3 at a Hospital in China (2003)

The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains was demonstrated in 5 of 44 (11.4%) Escherichia coli, 17 of 43 (39.5%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 of 50 (6.0%) Enterobacter cloacae, and 2 of 25 (8.0%) Citrobacter freundii strains at a teaching hospital in China. Nineteen of these 27 strains expressed CTX-M-3 beta-lactamase (pI 8.6). A subset of the clinical isolates expressing the CTX-M-3 enzyme, tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, revealed multiple clones. Five isolates expressed a novel enzyme, SHV-43 (pI 8.0), which had two substitutions (Leu113Phe and Thr149Ser) compared with SHV-1.
Expression of ricin B chain in <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (1994)

DNA encoding ricin B chain was derived from preproricin genomic DNA and ligated into the baculovirus transfer vector, pAcGP67A. Co-transfection of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells with BaculoGold DNA was followed by limiting dilution purification of recombinant baculovirus. Infection of SF9 cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in the presence of 25 mM lactose produced 3 mg/l of soluble, glycosylated, 34 kDa protein immunoreactive with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to ricin B chain. The recombinant ricin B chain had similar lectin-binding activity to plant ricin B chain. The recombinant protein reassociated with ricin toxin A chain similarly to ricin toxin B chain and the recombinant heterodimers had similar cell cytotoxicity to ricin.
The Cascade Centripeter: A Device for Determining the Concentration and Size Distribution of Aerosols (1965)

Abstract This paper describes the application of a new principle for the continuous size separation of airborne particles in which the coarser fraction of the dust is concentrated in the center of an air stream converging through an orifice, and is removed by a coaxial nozzle downstream. The design and calibration of a prototype instrument is described. This device consists of a tube about 1 1/2 inches in diameter and 7 inches long, in which air cascades through a series of orifices of diminishing diameter, and successively finer fractions of the dust are collected on a series of filter papers. The instrument has been calibrated with monodisperse methylene blue particles, and the size ranges of the particles collected on the four stages were found to be greater than 12 microns, 12 microns to 3.5 microns, 3.5 microns to 1.2 microns and less than 1.2 microns.
Implement of Stereo Image Correction for 3D Optical Microscope and Design Hardware System (2016)

Recently 3D scenes are used in various industry fields such as medical, game, surface examination, biology and etc. 3D optical microscope can show very tiny details in 3D and it is developed variously. To look 3D images of an optical microscope, two cameras are mounted on an optical microscope. Incoming images through an object lens of an optical microscope are projected on sensors of mounted cameras by using refractive mirrors. Two cameras create left and right of each image and make 3D images. At this time, it can be a problem because of the optical design errors and deformation mechanism of an optical microscope. Then we cannot look 3D images. In this paper, we corrected this error with SURF algorithm and designed the hardware system to correct wrong mirrors position using servo motors.
Energy efficient code optimization in mobile environment (2014)

Nowadays the mobile devices energy consumption has become a very serious issue. Due to the fast growing mobile industry the current devices usually contain wireless (Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G and Bluetooth), GPS and other heavy network sensitive technologies. The cell battery manufacturers usually cannot keep the pace with this fast altering environment and demands, hence the devices get inappropriate battery. Recently many researchers deal with this topic trying to find out a reasonable solution for energy optimization without compromising the functionality of the devices. A possible approach to deal with the problem today and achieve the desired result is the code side optimization. The market based mobile application distribution model makes this challenge harder. Sometimes the code quality of the uploaded applications are poor and the market owners are not able to force the developers to write clear and energy efficient code, they can only give them recommendations. The question is coming up: how could we still encourage the individual developers and companies to write optimized and a bit more standardized code? The answer could be delivering them tools to facilitate the refactoring and code quality managing processes. One way we can deal with energy problem is to reorganize the heavy computational tasks out of the device to the cloud or to just another machine. This technique is called “offloading”. In this paper we are going to introduce a new code generation extension for software engineers which is aiming to automate the offload to web services. Those services can then be easily deployed to any desired location to ease the mobile devices computational task. We think this tool would be really helpful to the community and the industrial users also.
Validation of a novel, fully integrated and flexible microarray benchtop facility for gene expression profiling (2003)

Here we describe a novel microarray platform that integrates all functions needed to perform any array-based experiment in a compact instrument on the researcher's laboratory benchtop. Oligonucle otide probes are synthesized in situ via a light- activated process within the channels of a three-dimensional microfluidic reaction carrier. Arrays can be designed and produced within hours according to the user's requirements. They are processed in a fully automatic workflow. We have characterized this new platform with regard to dynamic range, discrimination power, reproducibility and accuracy of biological results. The instrument detects sample RNAs present at a frequency of 1:100 000. Detection is quantitative over more than two orders of magnitude. Experiments on four identical arrays with 6398 features each revealed a mean coefficient of variation (CV) value of 0.09 for the 6398 unprocessed raw intensities indicating high reproducibility. In a more elaborate experiment targeting 1125 yeast genes from an unbiased selection, a mean CV of 0.11 on the fold change level was found. Analyzing the transcriptional response of yeast to osmotic shock, we found that biological data acquired on our platform are in good agreement with data from Affymetrix GeneChips, quantitative real-time PCR and--albeit somewhat less clearly--to data from spotted cDNA arrays obtained from the literature.