gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Friction identification in robotic manipulators: case studies (2005)

In this paper, friction identification in robotic manipulators is studied. A single state dynamic model of the friction force is utilized for the friction compensation algorithm. A practical method for obtaining parameters of the model which pertains to robotic manipulators is presented. In order to evaluate the competence of this method, two different manipulators with different friction characteristics are examined. A 2-DOF manipulator used for high-speed, micro-meter precision manipulation and a 4-DOF macro-manipulator used for long-reach positioning tasks are considered. It is shown that despite the different nature of the two manipulators, the same method can effectively improve the speed and performance of manipulation in both cases
Impact of oleic acid (<i>cis</i>-9-octadecenoic acid) on bacterial viability and biofilm production in<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2008)

Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for a broad variety of chronic infections. Most S. aureus clinical isolates show the capacity to adhere to abiotic surfaces and to develop biofilms. Because S. aureus growing in a biofilm is highly refractory to treatment, inhibition of biofilm formation represents a major therapeutic objective. We evaluated the effects of oleic acid on primary adhesion and biofilm production in eight genotypically different S. aureus strains as well as in the biofilm-negative Staphylococcus carnosus strain TM300. Oleic acid inhibited primary adhesion but increased biofilm production in every S. aureus strain tested. Staphylococcus aureus strain UAMS-1 was then selected as a model organism for studying the mechanisms triggered by oleic acid on the formation of a biofilm in vitro. Oleic acid inhibited the primary adhesion of UAMS-1 dose dependently with an IC(50) around 0.016%. The adherent bacterial population decreased proportionally with increasing concentrations of oleic acid whereas an opposite effect was observed on the planktonic population. Overall, the total bacterial counts remained stable. Macroscopic detachments and clumps were visible from the adherent bacterial population. In the presence of oleic acid, the expression of sigB, a gene potentially involved in bacterial survival through an effect on fatty acid composition, was not induced. Our results suggest a natural protective effect of oleic acid against primary adhesion.
A Stabilized Headless Measles Virus Attachment Protein Stalk Efficiently Triggers Membrane Fusion (2013)

Paramyxovirus attachment and fusion (F) envelope glycoprotein complexes mediate membrane fusion required for viral entry. The measles virus (MeV) attachment (H) protein stalk domain is thought to directly engage F for fusion promotion. However, past attempts to generate truncated, fusion-triggering-competent H-stem constructs remained fruitless. In this study, we addressed the problem by testing the hypothesis that truncated MeV H stalks may require stabilizing oligomerization tags to maintain intracellular transport competence and F-triggering activity. We engineered H-stems of different lengths with added 4-helix bundle tetramerization domains and demonstrate restored cell surface expression, efficient interaction with F, and fusion promotion activity of these constructs. The stability of the 4-helix bundle tags and the relative orientations of the helical wheels of H-stems and oligomerization tags govern the kinetics of fusion promotion, revealing a balance between H stalk conformational stability and F-triggering activity. Recombinant MeV particles expressing a bioactive H-stem construct in the place of full-length H are viable, albeit severely growth impaired. Overall, we demonstrate that the MeV H stalk represents the effector domain for MeV F triggering. Fusion promotion appears linked to the conformational flexibility of the stalk, which must be tightly regulated in viral particles to ensure efficient virus entry. While the pathways toward assembly of functional fusion complexes may differ among diverse members of the paramyxovirus family, central elements of the triggering machinery emerge as highly conserved.
Efficiency of Cellular Delivery of Antisense Peptide Nucleic Acid by Electroporation Depends on Charge and Electroporation Geometry (2011)

Electroporation is potentially a very powerful technique for both in vitro cellular and in vivo drug delivery, particularly relating to oligonucleotides and their analogs for genetic therapy. Using a sensitive and quantitative HeLa cell luciferase RNA interference mRNA splice correction assay with a functional luciferase readout, we demonstrate that parameters such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA) charge and the method of electroporation have dramatic influence on the efficiency of productive delivery. In a suspended cell electroporation system (cuvettes), a positively charged PNA (+8) was most efficiently transferred, whereas charge neutral PNA was more effective in a microtiter plate electrotransfer system for monolayer cells. Surprisingly, a negatively charged (-23) PNA did not show appreciable activity in either system. Findings from the functional assay were corroborated by pulse parameter variations, polymerase chain reaction, and confocal microscopy. In conclusion, we have found that the charge of PNA and electroporation system combination greatly influences the transfer efficiency, thereby illustrating the complexity of the electroporation mechanism.
Stereocontrolled synthesis of naturally occurring polyacetylenes characterized by (E)-1-en-3-yne, (E)-1-ene-3,5-diyne, (1E,5E)-1,5-dien-3-yne, and (1E,7E)-1,7-diene-3,5-diyne moieties (1987)

A stereocontrolled synthesis of five naturally-occurring polyacetylenes, i.e. Me (E)-5-(2-thienyl)-2-penten-4-ynoate, (E)-N-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-2-decen-4,6-diynamide, (E)-1-(3-methyl-2-butenoyloxy)-2-decen-4,6-diyne, (2E,6E)-1-acetoxy-2,6-decadien-4-yne (I) and (2E,8E)-1-acetoxy-2,8-decadien-4,6-diyne, is reported. The flexible strategy involves Pd(O)-Cu(I)-catalyzed coupling reactions to construct the C skeleton of the target mols. and to prep. an important C5 building block, i.e. (E)-2-penten-4-yn-1-ol. This compd. is also a useful intermediate to lipoxins A and B. A highly diastereoselective Pd-catalyzed C-C bond-forming reaction has been used in a key synthetic step to I.
On the rationale of maximum-entropy methods (1982)

We discuss the relations between maximum-entropy (MAXENT) and other methods of spectral analysis such as the Schuster, Blackman-Tukey, maximum-likelihood, Bayesian, and Autoregressive (AR, ARMA, or ARIMA) models, emphasizing that they are not in conflict, but rather are appropriate in different problems. We conclude that: 1) "Orthodox" sampling theory methods are useful in problems where we have a known model (sampling distribution) for the properties of the noise, but no appreciable prior information about the quantities being estimated. 2) MAXENT is optimal in problems where we have prior information about multiplicities, but no noise. 3) The full Bayesian solution includes both of these as special cases and is needed in problems where we have both prior information and noise. 4) AR models are in one sense a special case of MAXENT, but in another sense they are ubiquitous in all spectral analysis problems with discrete time series. 5) Empirical methods such as Blackman-Tukey, which do not invoke even a likelihood function, are useful in the preliminary, exploratory phase of a problem where our knowledge is sufficient to permit intuitive judgments about how to organize a calculation (smoothing, decimation, windows, prewhitening, padding with zeroes, etc.) but insufficient to set up a quantitative model which would do the proper things for us automatically and optimally.
Thermal Decarboxylation of sulfur-Containing Amino Acids in the Presence of Acetophenone, a Preparation of 3-Methylthiopropylamine Hydrochloride (1966)

3-Methylthiopropylamine hydrochloride was prepared from d,l-methionine and acetophenone in 90~92% yield by heating. Methionine sulfone was decarboxylated to γ-aminopropylmethyl sulfone, which migrated at the same rate as the authentic sample obtained from 3-methylthiopropylamine by hydrogen peroxide treatment. S-Alkylcysteines (R = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-amyl) were also decarboxylated to give a product which showed new spots of 2-alkylthioethylamine with higher RF values than those of the corresponding amino acids.
Energy dissipation measurements in frequency-modulated scanning probe microscopy (2010)

Local dissipation measurements by scanning probe microscopy have attracted increasing interest as a method for probing energy losses and hysteretic phenomena due to magnetic, electrical, and structural transformations at the tip-surface junction. One challenge of this technique is the lack of a standard for ensuring quantification of the dissipation signal. In the following, we explored magnetic dissipation imaging of an yttrium-iron garnet (YIG) sample, using a number of similar but not identical cantilever probes. Typical frequency-dependent dispersion of the actuator-probe assembly commonly approached ± 1 part in 10(3) Hz(-1), much larger than the minimum detectable level of ± 1 part in 10(5) Hz(-1). This cantilever-dependent behavior results in a strong crosstalk between the conservative (frequency) and dissipative channels. This crosstalk was very apparent in the YIG dissipation images and in fact should be an inherent feature of single-frequency heterodyne detection schemes. It may also be a common effect in other dissipation imaging, even down to the atomic level, and in particular may be a significant issue when there are correlations between the conservative and dissipative components. On the other hand, we present a simple method for correcting for this effect. This correction technique resulted in self-consistent results for the YIG dissipation measurements and would presumably be effective for other systems as well.
Unusual Behavior of the Ferroelectric Polarization in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>PbTiO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>SrTiO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Superlattices (2005)

Artificial PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices were constructed using off-axis rf magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction and piezoelectric atomic force microscopy were used to study the evolution of the ferroelectric polarization as the ratio of PbTiO3 to SrTiO3 was changed. For PbTiO3 layer thicknesses larger than the 3-unit cell SrTiO3 thickness used in the structure, the polarization is found to be reduced as the thickness is decreased. This observation confirms the primary role of the depolarization field in the polarization reduction in thin films. For the samples with ratios of PbTiO3 to SrTiO3 of less than one, a surprising recovery of ferroelectricity that cannot be explained by electrostatic considerations was observed.
Editorial (2010)

Article in PDF About the Author Title in English: - Title in Czech/Slovak: ÃvodnÃ­ slovo Author(s): Libor Frank Type: Editorial Language: Czech Abstract: - Journal: Obrana a strategie (Defence & Strategy) Publisher: University of Defence ISSN: ISSN 1214-6463 (print) and ISSN 1802-7199 (on-line) DOI: 10.3849/1802-7199.10.2010.02.003-003 Issue: Volume 10, Number 2 (December 2010)
Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disease (2001)

The age-related neurodegenerative diseases exemplified by Alzheimer&hyp;s disease (AD), Lewy body diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington&hyp;s disease are characterized by the deposition of abnormal forms of specific proteins in the brain. Although several factors appear to underlie the pathological depositions, the cause of neuronal death in each disease appears to be multifactorial. In this regard, evidence in each case for a role of oxidative stress is provided by the finding that the pathological deposits are immunoreactive to antibodies recognizing protein side-chains modified either directly by reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, or by products of lipid peroxidation or glycoxidation. Although the source(s) of increased oxidative damage are not entirely clear, the findings of increased localization of redox-active transition metals in the brain regions most affected is consistent with their contribution to oxidative stress. It is tempting to speculate that free radical oxygen chemistry plays a pathogenetic role in all these neurodegenerative conditions, though it is as yet undetermined what types of oxidative damage occur early in pathogenesis, and what types are secondary manifestations of dying neurons. Delineation of the profile of oxidative damage in each disease will provide clues to how the specific neuronal populations are differentially affected by the individual disease conditions.
Bugfind: a tool for debugging optimizing compilers (1990)

This paper describes a tool for isolating modules that are compiled incorrectly when optimization is invoked. This tool benefits application developers by automatically compiling each module to its highest level of correct optimization. It benefits compiler writers by pinpointing failing modules.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 1420 European patients with mild‐to‐moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (2020)

The clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 substantially varies according to the age and the sex characteristics of patients. Olfactory dysfunction seems to be an important underestimated symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 that needs to be recognized as such by the WHO.
A Reliable Method for Demonstrating Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria (1986)

Combined Gram techniques have been reviewed in the interest of improving technical safety and reliability in the demonstration of bacteria, particularly the Gram-negative type. The many modifications of the technique present various difficulties (Brown and Brenn 193 1, Humberstone 1963, Taylor 1966, Luna 1968, Brown and Hopps 1973, Engbaek et al. 1979, Bancroft and Stevens 1982, Churukian and Schenk 1982).
Formation of three-membered rings from γ-lodoketones and γ-lodoesters via 1,3-elimination (1988)

γ-Iodoketones, prepared by ene–halogenocyclization of α-haloketones with Pd(PPh3)4, on treatment with diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene afford three-membered ring compounds in good yield via syn-1,3-elimination, presumably via W-shaped transition states.
Evaluating Mobile Remote Presence (MRP) Robots (2014)

Video teleconferencing systems (VTCs) have enhanced remote meetings because their ability to convey nonverbal or social cues can make them simulate in-person interaction more closely than telephone conversations. Yet many people feel that something is still lacking, most likely because VTCs require all interaction to take place in a pre-defined set of rooms and/or from a single viewpoint. In contrast, mobile remote presence (MRP) robots, sometimes called telepresence robots, enable participants to move their focus from their colleagues' faces to a screen at the front of the room, to artifacts on a table, to posters or sticky notes on the room's walls, etc. Consumers now have a choice of several commercially available MRP systems, but there are few evaluation methods tailored for this type of system. In this paper we present a proposed set of heuristics for evaluating the user experience of a MRP robot. Further, we describe the process we used to develop these heuristics.
IntAct--open source resource for molecular interaction data (2006)

IntAct is an open source database and software suite for modeling, storing and analyzing molecular interaction data. The data available in the database originates entirely from published literature and is manually annotated by expert biologists to a high level of detail, including experimental methods, conditions and interacting domains. The database features over 126,000 binary interactions extracted from over 2100 scientific publications and makes extensive use of controlled vocabularies. The web site provides tools allowing users to search, visualize and download data from the repository. IntAct supports and encourages local installations as well as direct data submission and curation collaborations. IntAct source code and data are freely available from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact.
The Pivotal Role of the Mitochondrial Amidoxime Reducing Component 2 in Protecting Human Cells against Apoptotic Effects of the Base Analog N6-Hydroxylaminopurine (2015)

N-Hydroxylated nucleobases and nucleosides as N-hydroxylaminopurine (HAP) or N-hydroxyadenosine (HAPR) may be generated endogenously in the course of cell metabolism by cytochrome P450, by oxidative stress or by a deviating nucleotide biosynthesis. These compounds have shown to be toxic and mutagenic for procaryotic and eucaryotic cells. For DNA replication fidelity it is therefore of great importance that organisms exhibit effective mechanisms to remove such non-canonical base analogs from DNA precursor pools. In vitro, the molybdoenzymes mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component 1 and 2 (mARC1 and mARC2) have shown to be capable of reducing N-hydroxylated base analogs and nucleoside analogs to the corresponding canonical nucleobases and nucleosides upon reconstitution with the electron transport proteins cytochrome b5 and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase. By RNAi-mediated down-regulation of mARC in human cell lines the mARC-dependent N-reductive detoxication of HAP in cell metabolism could be demonstrated. For HAPR, on the other hand, the reduction to adenosine seems to be of less significance in the detoxication pathway of human cells as HAPR is primarily metabolized to inosine by direct dehydroxylamination catalyzed by adenosine deaminase. Furthermore, the effect of mARC knockdown on sensitivity of human cells to HAP was examined by flow cytometric quantification of apoptotic cell death and detection of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. mARC2 was shown to protect HeLa cells against the apoptotic effects of the base analog, whereas the involvement of mARC1 in reductive detoxication of HAP does not seem to be pivotal.
Investigations on the Mechanism of Catalytic Hydrogenations.<sup>1</sup> XVII. Reductions with Rhodium on Activated Carbon (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigations on the Mechanism of Catalytic Hydrogenations.1 XVII. Reductions with Rhodium on Activated CarbonW. P. Dunworth and F. F. NordCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 6, 1459–1462Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01126a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01126a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views284Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reducing network contention with mixed workloads on modern multicore, clusters (2009)

Multi-core systems are now extremely common in modern clusters. In the past commodity systems may have had up to two or four CPUs per compute node. In modern clusters, these systems still have the same number of CPUs, however, these CPUs have moved from single-core to quad-core and further advances are imminent. To obtain the best performance, compute nodes in a cluster are connected with high-performance interconnects. On nearly all clusters, the number of network interfaces is the same on current multi-core systems as in the past when there were fewer cores per node. Although these networks have increased bandwidth with the shift to multi-core, there still exists severe network contention for some application patterns. In this work we propose mixed workload (non-exclusive) scheduling of jobs to increase network efficiency and reduce contention. As a case-study we use Message Passing Interface (MPI) programs on the InfiniBand interconnect. We show through detailed profiling of the network that accesses of the network and CPU of some applications are complementary to each other and lead to increased network efficiency and overall application performance improvement. We show improvements of 20% and more for some of the NAS Parallel Benchmarks on quad-socket, quad-core AMD systems.
Design of Graft Block Polymer Thermoplastics (2016)

Graft block polymers are defined by several architectural parameters, including backbone flexibility, graft density, backbone length, side-chain composition, and side-chain length. In this work we probe the impacts of each of these parameters on the phase behavior, rheological properties, and mechanical performance of these materials. Specifically, we examine two sets of materials prepared from backbones of different inherent flexibility. One set was prepared from poly[(n-butyl acrylate)-co-(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)] (BxEy) copolymers; the other was prepared from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) samples. Sequential ring-opening transesterification polymerization from these hydroxyl-functionalized macroinitiatiors yielded a diblock graft architecture containing a rubbery interior block and semicrystalline exterior blocks tethered to a flexible (BxEy) or rigid (HPMC) backbone. Good control over side-chain molar mass and composition and judicious choice of the graft block segments enabled the preparation of materials that were either ordered or disordered in the melt state. In the former case, crystallization destroys existing order in the material; in the latter case crystallization induces new microphase separation in the bulk. Many of the structure–mechanical property relationships observed for graft block copolymers with rigid backbones are maintained for graft block polymers with semiflexible backbones, including the tendency for samples to remain transparent when stretched. However, interestingly, the effects of graft density and backbone length are quite different depending on the rigidity of the backbone.
Tuning of biased domain wall depinning fields at Permalloy nanoconstrictions (2008)

The propagation of a transverse domain wall (DW) through single asymmetric nanoconstrictions is investigated in continuous ferromagnetic planar wire structures, by localized magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry. Using focused ion beam (FIB) milled planar Permalloy nanowires, we propagate a DW in opposite directions through single asymmetric nanoconstriction. The DW depinning field from an asymmetric nanoconstriction strongly depends on the direction of motion of the DW relative to the trap. A depinning field bias effect is tuned by varying the constriction width from 50to200nm in 300nm wide nanowires. FIB milled nanoconstrictions, with a width as narrow as 50nm, demonstrate a bias effect. Narrowing the width of the constriction enhances the depinning field bias effect.