gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Population Dynamics of<i>Streptomyces scabies</i>and Other Actinomycetes as Related to Common Scab of Potato (1989)

Population densities of total and melanin-producing actinomycetes were monitored in plots planted to the scab-susceptible cultivar Chippewa or the resistant cultivar Superior, and in fallow control plots. Fewer than 6% of the isolates of S. scabies tested were pathogenic. Populations of actinomycetes in soils planted to potato, in potato rhizospheres, and on tuber surfaces generally increased during each growing season, but populations in fallow soil remained constant or decreased
Maldi time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry of synthetic polymers (1999)

Mass spectrometry of intact synthetic polymers has been limited to field desorption (FD) MS for many years. More recently, soft ionization techniques such as electrospray (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and the revival of time-of-flight analyzers created new opportunities for the characterization of polymers. In this review emphasis is put on MALDI time-of-flight mass spectrometry of polymers. The selection of an appropriate MALDI matrix, cationization salt and sample preparation techniques are critical success factors for obtaining a reliable mass spectrum and to infer structural information such as monomer mass(es) and end-groups. However even under optimized conditions mass discrimination in the analysis of polydisperse polymers and specific oligomer discrimination might occur. Hence hyphenated techniques such as size exclusion chromatography (SEC)/MALDI have been developed. Many different polymer applications appeared in recent literature, but most studies deal with homopolymers. Many challenges remain, particularly in the fields of halogenated polymers, polyolefines, copolymers, blends, and in the sequencing of block-copolymers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 18: 309–344, 1999
Do pneumococcal conjugate vaccines provide any cross-protection against serotype 19A? (2010)

Taken together, these results suggest that 19F-conjugates can provide some protection against 19A disease. The magnitude of this protection in a given setting will likely depend on several factors. These include the anti-19A immunogenicity of the specific vaccine formulation, the number of doses of that formulation needed to elicit the response, and the burden of 19A disease that occurs after those doses. It is possible that a modest protective effect may be obscured by the presence of countervailing selection pressures (such as high antibiotic use) that favor an increase in colonization with antibiotic-non-susceptible strains of 19A.
Broadband focusing of underwater sound using a transparent pentamode lens (2017)

An inhomogeneous acoustic metamaterial lens based on spatial variation of refractive index for broadband focusing of underwater sound is reported. The index gradient follows a modified hyperbolic secant profile designed to reduce aberration and suppress side lobes. The gradient index (GRIN) lens is comprised of transversely isotropic hexagonal microstructures with tunable quasi-static bulk modulus and mass density. In addition, the unit cells are impedance-matched to water and have in-plane shear modulus negligible compared to the effective bulk modulus. The flat GRIN lens is fabricated by cutting hexagonal centimeter scale hollow microstructures in aluminum plates, which are then stacked and sealed from the exterior water. Broadband focusing effects are observed within the homogenization regime of the lattice in both finite element simulations and underwater measurements (20-40 kHz). This design approach has potential applications in medical ultrasound imaging and underwater acoustic communications.
Estimation of Temperature‐Dependent Pore Size in Poly(<i>N</i>‐isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogel Beads (1994)

The pore sizes of various temperature-sensitive hydrogel beads have been estimated at different temperatures by a gel filtration method using several probe molecules of known molecular weight. The hydrogel beads were prepared by inverse suspension copolymerizations of a series of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylamide (AAm) monomers with a small amount of cross-linker. These hydrogel beads exhibit LCST (lower critical solution temperature) behavior in aqueous solution, that is, expanding and swelling when cooled below the LCST and shrinking and collapsing when heated above the LCST. The pore sizes of these temperature-sensitive hydrogel beads are affected significantly by both the temperature and the gel composition, but not much by cross-linker concentration.
Analysis of human and rodent beta 3-adrenergic receptor messenger ribonucleic acids (1994)

Recent evidence indicates that the human and rodent beta 3-receptor genes differ with respect to their intron/exon organization and putative regulatory elements in the proximal promotor regions. The present work examined the molecular basis for heterogeneity among human and rodent beta 3-receptor messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and mRNA transcription start site selection with gene-derived human and rodent probes. This analysis indicates that the mRNA size heterogeneity of the human beta 3-receptor mRNA seen in Northern blots results from the use of alternative polyadenylation signals. In contrast, mRNA heterogeneity of the rat beta 3-receptor mRNA is due to the use of widely separated promoters. Analysis of mRNA transcription sites within the proximal promoters of the human and rat genes indicates that multiple homologous start sites are used. However, the pattern of transcription initiation appears to be both species and tissue specific. In rat adipose tissues where abundant expression of the beta 3 gene occurs, most transcripts began at -161 relative to translation initiation ATG, whereas minor transcription began around -123 and -109. Interestingly, virtually all transcripts were found to begin at the -123 and -109 sites in the rat gastric fundus, which expresses only low levels of beta 3-receptor mRNA. In human brown fat and neuroepithelioma cells, the vast majority (> 80%) of beta 3 transcripts began at multiple sites around -130. Exposure of murine 3T3-F442A adipocytes to isoproterenol, 8-bromo-cAMP, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, or dexamethasone dramatically reduced murine beta 3-receptor mRNA levels. In contrast to mouse adipocytes, 8-bromo-cAMP increased human beta 3-receptor mRNA levels in SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cells, whereas isoproterenol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and dexamethasone were without effect. These data identify important differences in the structure and regulation of the human and rodent beta 3-receptor genes and suggest that the data obtained in rodent models may not be directly applicable to the regulation of the human gene.
Cascaded Encoders for Unifying Streaming and Non-Streaming ASR (2021)

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, by now, have shown competitive performance on several benchmarks. These models are structured to either operate in streaming or non-streaming mode. This work presents cascaded encoders for building a single E2E ASR model that can operate in both these modes simultaneously. The proposed model consists of streaming and non-streaming encoders. Input features are first processed by the streaming encoder; the non-streaming encoder operates exclusively on the output of the streaming encoder. A single decoder then learns to decode either using the output of the streaming or the non-streaming encoder. Results show that this model achieves similar word error rates (WER) as a standalone streaming model when operating in streaming mode, and obtains 10% – 27% relative improvement when operating in non-streaming mode. Our results also show that the proposed approach outperforms existing E2E two-pass models, especially on long-form speech.
Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites with Oyster Shell Particles (2011)

The biodegradable composites were prepared with the oyster shell particles (OSP) and poly(lactic acid)(PLA) by injection molding. The mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. The degradation temperature of the composites decreased by increasing the content of OSP compared with PLA. From the results of tensile test, the tensile strength and the fracture strain of the composites decreased because of exist of OSP. However, the Young’s moduli of the composites increased compared with PLA. The SEM observation of morphology confirmed that the interface between PLA and OSP had poor adhesion.
From slow to fast – the user controls the rate of the release of molecules from masked forms using a photoswitch and different types of light (2015)

Exposure to UV light generates a ring-closed isomer of a diarylethene, which undergoes very slow bond breaking and release even after the light is turned off. The rate of release is increased by exposing the isomer to UV and/or visible light.
Anti-tolA antibody in non-A, non-B chronic liver disease. (1992)

We constructed a cDNA library against the plasma obtained from the patient with acute exacerbation of non-A, non-B liver cirrhosis, and immunoscreened this library with the sera obtained from the patients with non-A, non-B chronic liver disease. One positive clone lambda 22C containing about 1.2 kb cDNA insert was isolated from 10(6) clones. Nucleotide sequence determination and subsequent homology search revealed its identity to the tolA gene of Escherichia coli. Anti-tolA antibody was detected in 54.5% of the patients with NANB chronic liver disease whose sera were negative for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-C100). In contrast, anti-tolA was detected only of 14.6% patients with anti-C100 positive NANB chronic liver disease, 10.5% with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive chronic liver disease, 7.7% with alcoholic liver disease and 4.2% in normal control, and no positive case in acute hepatitis of etiology and in primary biliary cirrhosis. However, antibody to the core protein of hepatitis C virus (anti-JCC) was detected 50% of the patients whose sera were negative for anti-C100 but positive for anti-tolA. Recently, it has been reported that hepatitis C virus is rich in mutations and has some variants. These results indicated the presence of a common epitope between the tolA protein and some agent related to non-A, non-B hepatitis, especially to anti-C100 negative non-A, non-B hepatitis such as variants of hepatitis C virus which have mutations in C100 coded region.
Isolation and DNA Sequence of Full-Length cDNA for Human Preapolipoprotein CIII (1984)

A full-length cDNA clone for apolipoprotein CIII has been isolated from a human fetal liver cDNA library constructed in the vector lambda gt10. The clone spans 677 nucleotides, including a 48-bp 5'-untranslated segment, 300 bp of coding sequence, and a 276-bp 3'-untranslated segment. The deduced amino acid sequence includes a 79-amino acid mature polypeptide and a 20-amino acid amino-terminal signal sequence. The signal sequence was compared with those of other lipoproteins.
A New Efficient Dynamic System Information Scheduling Strategy in TDD-LTE (2013)

The TDD-LTE system information which is also necessary to communicate each other well is a kind of important message between user equipment(UE) and eNodeB. Some important parameters are provided by system information to enable the UE to camp on a cell normally and access to common channel. The system information，of course，can provide the mobility management for UE in idle mode.  On the base station side, there are two kinds of scheduling methods of in the TDD-LTE system, and they are fixed scheduling and dynamic scheduling. The MasterInformationBlock (MIB) and the System Information Block Type1 use the fixed scheduling，while the dynamic scheduling is applied to other System Information Blocks (SIB2~SIB13); and these system information are transmitted on the Downlink Shared Channel(DL-SCH). In consideration of using the radio resources reasonably and not affecting other downlink transmitted data，we proposed a dynamic scheduling strategy of system information based on the base station side. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i9.3309
Novel Polymorphism in the Coding Region of the IL-13 Receptor Alpha’ Gene: Association Study with Atopic Asthma in the Japanese Population (2000)

Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 play key roles in the development of atopic asthma. The IL-13 receptor (R) alpha' chain is a component of both IL-4R and IL-13R complexes. By screening the whole coding region of the IL-13Ralpha' gene for polymorphisms, we identified a new polymorphism at nucleotide position 1050 from the ATG start codon. The allelic frequency of the C/T polymorphism in the Japanese population was found to be 0.97:0.03. Because of the low frequency of the T allele, the association study failed to indicate any significant association between this polymorphism and atopic asthma in the Japanese population. Further studies are required in other racial groups with higher frequencies of this polymorphism to elucidate the association.
Induction of calf thymus topoisomerase II-mediated DNA breakage by the antibacterial isothiazoloquinolones A-65281 and A-65282 (1992)

A number of quinolones and related antibacterial compounds were screened for activity against calf thymus topoisomerase II by using the P4 unknotting and DNA breakage assays. Several compounds from different structural classes which inhibited DNA unknotting with 50% inhibitory concentrations ranging from 8 to 25 micrograms/ml were identified. Two experimental isothiazoloquinolones from this group, designated A-65281 and A-65282, were also found to induce considerable DNA breakage mediated by calf thymus topoisomerase II, with 32P-end-labeled pBR322 as the substrate. These compounds were nearly as potent as teniposide, with DNA breakage activity evident at concentrations as low as 4 micrograms/ml. However, some differences in DNA cleavage patterns from those with teniposide were evident. These studies have thus identified a new class of agents which have activity against both bacterial and eukaryotic type II topoisomerases. The implications of these data for the selectivity of topoisomerase-directed compounds and the potential toxicity of such compounds developed as antibacterial agents are discussed.
Giles of Viterbo on Church and Reform: a Study in Renaissance Thought. By John W. O'Malley, S.J. (Studies in Medieval and Reformation Thought, v). Pp. xiv + 216. Leiden: Brill, 1968. Guilders 36. (1971)

Giles of Viterbo on Church and Reform: a Study in Renaissance Thought. By John W. O'Malley, S.J. (Studies in Medieval and Reformation Thought, v). Pp. xiv + 216. Leiden: Brill, 1968. Guilders 36. - Volume 22 Issue 1
<title>Calibration and investigation of infrared camera systems applying blackbody radiation</title> (2001)

An experimental facility is presented, which allows calibration and detailed investigation of infrared camera systems. Various blackbodies operating in the temperature range from -60 degree(s)C up to 3000 degree(s)C serve as standard radiation sources, enabling calibration of camera systems in a wide temperature and spectral range with highest accuracy. Quantitative results and precise long-term investigations, especially in detecting climatic trends, require accurate traceability to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90). For the used blackbodies the traceability to ITS- 90 is either realized by standard platinum resistance thermometers (in the temperature range below 962 degree(s)C) or by absolute and relative radiometry (in the temperature range above 962 degree(s)C). This traceability is fundamental for implementation of quality assurance systems and realization of different standardizations, for example according ISO 9000. For investigation of the angular and the temperature resolution our set-up enables minimum resolvable (MRTD) and minimum detectable temperature difference (MDTD) measurements in the various temperature ranges. A collimator system may be used to image the MRTD and MDTD targets to infinity. As internal calibration of infrared camera systems critically depends on the temperature of the surrounding, the calibration and investigation of the cameras is performed in a climate box, which allows a detailed controlling of the environmental parameters like humidity and temperature. Experimental results obtained for different camera systems are presented and discussed.
Novel 193-nm positive photoresist composed of ester acetal polymer without phenyl group (2007)

1,3-adamantanedicarboxylic acid and acrylpimaric acid were reacted with an aliphatic divinyl ether, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol divinyl ether, to give novel ester acetal polymers without phenyl group. These polymers can be dissolved in common solvents and possess high thermal stability. The ester acetal polymer can be quickly decomposed at the presence of strong acid generated by PAG above 100°C and become easily soluble in dilute aqueous base. Two-component photopolymer consisting of the ester acetal polymer and PAG can be used as positive photoresists. The polymer derived from 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylic acid displayed higher transparency at 193 nm and can be used for 193 nm photoresist.
Perceptual Dimensions of Infant Cry Signals: A Semantic Differential Analysis (1983)

In the present study the Semantic Differential technique was used to examine perceived characteristics of infant cry sounds. 24 cries (6 each of pain, hunger, birth, and "pleasure") were rated by 39 mothers on 50 scales. A factor analysis of the scale ratings uncovered three main factors, labelled Affect, Potency, and Evaluation, respectively. 5 "factorially-pure" scales were selected to represent each factor. A hierarchical cluster analysis of the mean factor-scale ratings uncovered 3 major cry clusters which essentially represented 3 cry-type groups, hunger, pleasure, and pain/birth. A close correspondence was found between this set of clusters and another set generated independently from cry-recognition data, indicating that the semantic differential factor-scales effectively discriminated perceptually distinct cries. This procedure adequately separates the physical (acoustic) properties of signals from their listener-perceived (auditory) ones. This distinction is not possible with studies which depend upon multivariate techniques and casts doubt on their findings.
A novel mouse model for colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and dextran sulfate sodium (2004)

A single dose of procarcinogen followed by induction of chronic ulcerative colitis results in a high incidence of colorectal dysplasia and cancer. Abnormal expression of beta-catenin occurs frequently in dysplasia and cancer. This novel mouse model may provide an excellent vehicle for studying colitis-related colon carcinogenesis.
Inhibition of intrahepatic metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma by Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor Y-27632 (2001)

Intrahepatic metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cell motility mediated by Rho- and p160 Rho-associated coiledcoil forming protein kinase (p160ROCK) signaling pathways has recently been shown to play a critical role in intrahepatic metastasis in human HCC. Furthermore, the stable introduction of dominant-negative p160ROCK into Li7 cells resulted in a reduced metastatic rate in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). To investigate whether the specific p160ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, could also inhibit intrahepatic metastasis, the effect of Y-27632 on the cell motility and intrahepatic metastasis of Li7 was investigated. Y-27632 markedly blocked actin reorganization and motility of Li7 cells mediated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Y-27632 was administered continuously into the peritoneal cavity using a micro-osmotic pump, together with orthotopic implantation of Li7 cells into the liver of SCID mice. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) alone was administered as the control. The incidence of mice with metastatic nodules decreased in the Y-27632-treated group. The primary tumor volume at the site of injection was smaller in the Y-27632-treated group compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Histologically, control tumors showed infiltrative growth into the sinusoidal area at the tumor boundary, whereas Y-27632-treated tumors showed expansive growth and low invasiveness. These findings confirm the importance of the Rho/p160ROCK signaling pathway in intrahepatic metastasis of human HCC, and indicate that Y-27632 may be useful for the prevention of intrahepatic metastasis of human HCC.
Learning and Memory (1996)

The Center for Development and Learning and the Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina
PEEP and CPAP (1977)

Cardiopulmonary effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were studied in 12 spontaneously breathing patients who had undergone operative placement of aortocoronary bypass grafts. Catheters were placed for continuous recording of airway, intrapleural, radial artery, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary artery occlusion pressures, and for determination of cardiac output. Samples of radial artery and mixed venous blood were taken for analysis of gas tensions and pH. Measurements permitted calculation of transpulmonary (airway distending) pressure, transmural (effective filling) pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, systemic vascular and pulmonary arteriolar resistances, stroke volume, and pulmonary venous admixture. Measurements and calculations were made while patients received ambient expiratory airway pressure, PEEP, and CPAP. Expiratory transpulmonary pressure was elevated equally by PEEP and CPAP compared with ambient expiratory airway pressure. Respiratory effort was increased by PEEP, but not by CPAP. PEEP and CPAP increased mean intrapleural pressure (p < 0.001). CPAP, but not PEEP, decreased effective cardiac filling pressure (p < 0.001). Stroke volume increased in every patient during spontaneous ventilation with PEEP (p < 0.001), but was unchanged during CPAP.
Sequence-Specific Cleavage of Yeast tRNA <sup>Phe</sup> with Oligonucleotides Conjugated to a Diimidazole Construct (1997)

Oligonucleotide derivatives conjugated to a chemical construction with two histamine residues imitating the catalytic center of ribonuclease A have been synthesized. In experiments with the conjugates complementary to the 3'-end and to the variable loop and the T loop of yeast tRNA(Phe), it was shown that the compounds can accomplish sequence-specific cleavage of the target RNA in physiologic conditions.