gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A framework for RESTful object exchange through schematized XML (unRESTricted) (2008)

Client-server architectures with clients on divergent platforms are in need of services that serve a high level of interoperability and a loose binding. It should be prevented that clients become incompatible with the server after server-side changes in the data model. In practice it appears that existing systems don’t always meet these requirements and that known solutions are lacking supporting frameworks in the development of these services. This paper presents a framework for building RESTful services that publish data matching an internal object model. The internal objects are presented to the client by XML which conforms to an XML schema that is agnostic of the framework. The conversion between the XML documents and the internal objects is backed by the framework and abstracted from the service developer. An implementation of this framework in Java is described, together with client-side software that also relieves the client from marshaling logic and processing the server’s response.
Determining source contribution in integration systems (2005)

Owners of sources registered in an information integration system, which provides answers to a (potentially evolving) set of client queries, need to know their contribution to the query results. We study the problem of deciding, given a client query Q and a source registration R, whether R is (i) "self-sufficient" (can contribute to the result of Q even if it is the only source in the system) or (ii) "now complementary" (can contribute, but only in cooperation with other specific existing sources), or (iii)"later complementary" (can contribute if in the future appropriate new sources join the system). We consider open-world integration systems in which registrations are expressed using source-to-target constraints, and queries are answered under "certain answer" semantics.
Assessment of HIF-1α expression and release following endothelial injury in-vitro and in-vivo (2018)

HIF-1α can be measured in plasma, but this requires careful sample collection and storage. The carotid artery balloon injury model is associated with the transient release of HIF-1α into the circulation that probably reflects the hypoxia induced in the artery wall.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Stereospecific Synthesis of Novel Pyrazine C‐ Nucleosides. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF TRIHALODERIVATIVES OF NIOBIUMTETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN (1979)

Abstract Die Reaktion von (I) mit trockenem gasförmigem HCl oder HBr bzw. einem Überschuß an Acetyl‐ aceton in Toluol lieferte die Komplexe (II), die durch IR‐ und massenspektrosko‐ pische Daten charakterisiert wurden.
Conjugative mobilization as an alternative vector delivery system for lactic streptococci (1987)

Due to the current variability in applying polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation to lactic streptococci, a study was undertaken to assess the feasibility of conjugative mobilization as an alternative method for vector delivery. By using the broad-host-range conjugative plasmid pVA797, the partially homologous cloning vector pVA838 was successfully introduced into various strains of Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus cremoris, Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Streptococcus faecalis. Frequencies ranged from 10(-2) to 10(-6) transconjugants per recipient. Both pVA797 and pVA838 were acquired intact, without alteration in functionality. Also, the shuttle vector pSA3, which shares partial homology with pVA797, was mobilized via conjugation. The use of S. lactis LM2301 as the intermediate donor allowed the use of physiologic and metabolic characteristics for recipient differentiation. The construction of a vector containing a "DNA cassette" conferring mobilization and the resolution, segregation, and stability of the cointegrates, pVA797, pVA838, and pSA3, are also reported.
Preparation and performance characterization of vinyl terminated methylphenyl silicone oil (2011)

Using (MePhSiO)4 as the raw material, vinyl tetramethyl disiloxane as the terminator,tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide as catalyst, synthesizing methylphenyl silicone oil of different molecular weight was prepared by anion polymerization and its performance was characterized by 1H-NMR,GPC,dynamic viscosity and refractive index. This methylphenyl silicone oil was cross linked with hydrogen terminated silicone oil and the transmittance and hard-ness of the cured were determined.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, an Intermediate of NAD+ Synthesis, Protects the Heart from Ischemia and Reperfusion (2014)

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), the rate-limiting enzyme for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) synthesis, and Sirt1, an NAD + -dependent histone deacetylase, protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). It remains unknown whether Nampt mediates the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), whether nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN, 500 mg/kg), a product of Nampt in the NAD + salvage pathway, mimics the effect of IPC, or whether caloric restriction (CR) upregulates Nampt and protects the heart through a Sirt1-dependent mechanism. IPC upregulated Nampt protein, and the protective effect of IPC against ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (24 hours) was attenuated at both early and late phases in Nampt +/2 mice, suggesting that Nampt plays an essential role in mediating the protective effect of IPC. In order to mimic the effect of Nampt, NMN was administered by intraperitoneal injection. NMN significantly increased the level of NAD + in the heart at baseline and prevented a decrease in NAD + during ischemia. NMN protected the heart from I/R injury when it was applied once 30 minutes before ischemia or 4 times just before and during reperfusion, suggesting that exogenous NMN protects the heart from I/R injury in both ischemic and reperfusion phases. The protective effect of NMN was accompanied by decreases in acetylation of FoxO1, but it was not obvious in Sirt1 KO mice, suggesting that the effect of NMN is mediated through activation of Sirt1. Compared to control diet (90% calories), CR (60% calories for 6 weeks) in mice led to a significant reduction in I/R injury, accompanied by upregulation of Nampt. The protective effect of CR against I/R injury was not significant in cardiac-specific Sirt1 KO mice, suggesting that the protective effect of CR is in part mediated through the Nampt-Sirt1 pathway. In conclusion, exogenous application of NMN and CR protects the heart by both mimicking IPC and activating Sirt1.
Expression, characterization, and crystallization of the catalytic core of rat phosphatidylinositide‐specific phospholipase C δ<sub>1</sub> (1996)

Phosphatidylinositide-specific phospholipase Cs (PI-PLCs) catalyze the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositides in response to diverse stimuli in higher eukaryotes. Mammalian PI-PLCs contain divergent regulatory regions, but all share three conserved regions: an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, X, and Y. We report the high-level expression and characterization of a recombinant "catalytic core" of rat PI-PLC delta 1 that contains the catalytically essential X and Y regions, but not the PH domain. The expressed protein, PI-PLC delta delta 1-134, is catalytically active versus phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in deoxycholate micelles with a K(m) of 182 microM and a Vmax of 27 mumol/min/mg. PI-PLC delta delta 1-134 is monomeric and monodisperse as judged by dynamic light scattering. Far-UV CD indicates a structure with approximately 35% alpha-helix. A reversible change in the near-UV CD spectrum is observed on addition of calcium, suggesting that calcium can bind PI-PLC delta delta 1-134 in the absence of phospholipid. Triclinic crystals of PI-PLC delta delta 1-134 have been obtained that diffract beyond 2.4 A resolution under cryogenic conditions. Based on Vm = 2.72 Da/A3 and on the self-rotation function, there are two PI-PLC delta delta 1-134 molecules per asymmetric unit that are related to each other by a noncrystallographic axis of approximate twofold symmetry parallel to a.
Cell-specific toxicity of a chimeric protein composed of interleukin-6 and Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL6-PE40) on tumor cells. (1990)

IL6-PE40 is a chimeric toxin composed of human interleukin-6 (IL6) linked by a peptide bond to PE40, a form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) devoid of its cell recognition domain. To identify cancer cell lines with high numbers of IL6 receptors and to assess the usefulness of IL6-PE40 as a possible anticancer agent, we evaluated the toxicity of IL6-PE40 on a variety of tumor cell lines and demonstrated that certain human myeloma and hepatoma cell lines were particularly sensitive. IL6 binding to selected hepatoma and myeloma cell lines were determined by using [125I]IL6. IL6 receptor mRNA levels were measured by polymerase chain reactions. When comparisons were made among different hepatoma cell lines, the sensitivity to IL6-PE40 correlated with the number of IL6 receptors. However, the hepatoma line PLC/PRF/5, which contains 2,300 IL6 receptors, was more sensitive to IL6-PE40 (amount of protein required to inhibit protein synthesis by 50% was 5 ng/ml) than both the myeloma cell lines U266 and H929 (for both cell lines, the 50% inhibitory dose was 8 ng/ml), which contain 15,500 and 16,500 IL6 receptors, respectively. RNA analysis confirmed that the sensitivity of these cells to IL6-PE40 and the amount of IL6 receptor RNA detected did not correlate. These data suggest that factors in addition to the number of IL6-binding sites contribute to the sensitivity of cells to IL6-PE40.
Flare, Igniter and Pyrotechnic Disposal: Red Phosphorus Smokes (1975)

Abstract : Currently, the Navy has about 470 gross tons of red phosphorus smoke devices awaiting disposal. There are about 165000 units (individual devices) in a condition category of other than serviceable. It is estimated that there are about 160 tons of red phosphorus composition in these devices which needs to be processed for reclamation or disposal. Consequently, an investigation was made to find the cost effective methods for reclaiming or disposing of red phosphorus compositions in a safe, ecologically-permissible manner. This is a report of that work. The authors discuss the five alternate methods for reclamation/ disposal of red phosphorus compositions. They are total digestion methods, acid extraction, differential settling, sublimation, and incineration.
Promotion of Olfactory Receptor Neuron Differentiation of Olfactory Neuroepithelial Cells by Using Chitosan Solution (2017)

Experimental results revealed that soluble chitosan promoted differentiation of olfactory neuroepithelial cells based on its role in olfactory receptor neuron differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and signal transduction apparatus expressions.
Synthesis of oligopeptide chloromethanes to investigate extended binding regions of proteinases: application to the interaction of fibrinogen with thrombin (1993)

A method was established for the synthesis of oligopeptide chloromethanes which should be useful in the study of serine and cysteine proteinases with extended binding sites. The method involved condensation of an N-terminal peptide fragment obtained by solid-phase synthesis with a C-terminal peptide chloromethane synthesized by solution-phase chemistry. By using this procedure, oligopeptide chloromethanes of up to 16 residues were synthesized. These chloromethanes were based on the sequence of fibrinopeptide A. By using oligopeptide chloromethanes of different length, it was possible to show that the residues Asp7-Phe8-Leu9 play a crucial role in the recognition of fibrinopeptide A by thrombin. In contrast, the residues Ala1-Asp2-Ser3-Gly4-Glu5-Gly6 seem to play a minor role. Substitution of valine for Gly12, which occurs in a dysfibrinogenaemia, markedly decreased the rate of inactivation of thrombin by the oligopeptide chloromethane. The results are discussed in terms of the recently published structure of the complex between human thrombin and a chloromethane inhibitor based on fibrinopeptide A.
An enhanced TKM-TR method for PAPR reduction of OFDM signals with peak regrowth and peak residual reduced (2016)

In this paper, the authors propose an enhanced TKM-TR method to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the OFDM systems. The proposed method uses distinct sign vectors to generate a set of different scaling vectors in the TKM-TR, thus alternative OFDM signals are generated and the one with the lowest PAPR is transmitted. Compared to the original method, simulation results show that the peak regrowth and peak residual are fairly reduced and the proposed method yields more PAPR reduction with a slightly computational complexity reduced in the simulations.
예술영성형성을 위한 기독교 교육과정 개발에 관한 연구(1) －놀이를 중심으로－ (2015)

이 논문은 기독교교육의 개념을 ‘영성형성’(spiritual formation)으로 전제한 뒤, 예술적 접근에따라 영성형성을 위한 기독교 교육과정 개발을 그 목적으로 하였다. 이 연구의 목적을 위하여 본 논문에서는 세 가지의 연구주제를 검토하였다. 첫째는 영성형성을 위한 예술적 접근으로써, 미적 체험을 통한 기독교예술교육의 의미를 탐색하였다. 그리고 예술적 접근에 따른 영성형성은 ‘예술 영성형성’(artistic spiritual formation)으로 명명되었다. 둘째, 대표적인 예술신학자인 발타살(Hans Urs von Balthasar)과 몰트만(Jurgen Moltmann)의 예술신학을 중심으로 하여 놀이를 예술신학적으 로 재해석하였다. 그래서 놀이는 신적 감각으로 이해될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 어울림으로서의 페 리코레시스로 새롭게 이해될 수 있었다. 끝으로 놀이에 대한 예술신학적 이해를 기반으로 하여, 예술영성형성을 위한 기독교 교육과정 개발을 시도하였다. 그것은 교육목적과 목표, 학습경험의 선정과 조직, 그리고 평가의 측면에서 고찰되었다.
A new golden age for computer architecture (2019)

Innovations like domain-specific hardware, enhanced security, open instruction sets, and agile chip development will lead the way.
Preparation of Papers for International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research (2014)

In this paper we examine the audio source separation problem using the general framework of Independent Component Analysis (ICA). For the greatest part of the analysis, it has been assumed that equal number of sensors and sound objects. Firstly, it explores the case that the auditory scene is modeled as instantaneous mixtures of the auditory objects, to establish the basic tools for the analysis. The case of real room recordings, modeled as convolutive mixtures of the auditory objects, is then introduced. A novel Fast ICA framework is introduced, using two possible implementations. A great number of audio source separation problems can be addressed successfully using Independent Component Analysis. And concludes by highlighting some of the as yet unsolved problems to tackle the actual audio source separation problem in full.
Ligation of protease-activated receptor 1 enhances  v 6 integrin-dependent TGF-  activation and promotes acute lung injury (2006)

Activation of latent TGF-beta by the alpha(v)beta6 integrin is a critical step in the development of acute lung injury. However, the mechanism by which alpha(v)beta6-mediated TGF-beta activation is regulated has not been identified. We show that thrombin, and other agonists of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), activate TGF-beta in an alpha(v)beta6 integrin-specific manner. This effect is PAR1 specific and is mediated by RhoA and Rho kinase. Intratracheal instillation of the PAR1-specific peptide TFLLRN increases lung edema during high-tidal-volume ventilation, and this effect is completely inhibited by a blocking antibody against the alpha(v)beta6 integrin. Instillation of TFLLRN during high-tidal-volume ventilation is associated with increased pulmonary TGF-beta activation; however, this is not observed in Itgb6-/- mice. Furthermore, Itgb6-/- mice are also protected from ventilator-induced lung edema. We also demonstrate that pulmonary edema and TGF-beta activity are similarly reduced in Par1-/- mice following bleomycin-induced lung injury. These results suggest that PAR1-mediated enhancement of alpha(v)beta6-dependent TGF-beta activation could be one mechanism by which activation of the coagulation cascade contributes to the development of acute lung injury, and they identify PAR1 and the alpha(v)beta6 integrin as potential therapeutic targets in this condition.
Intermediate-term durability of bicuspid aortic valve repair for prolapsing leaflet1 (1999)

Bicuspid aortic valve repair for prolapsing leaflet is a safe procedure with good intermediate-term outcome. However, any residual aortic regurgitation jeopardizes repair durability and initial repair achievement is more difficult in patients with dilated, poor functioning ventricles.
Synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of N-triiodoallyl- and N-iodopropargylazoles. New antifungal agents (1987)

New series of N-(2,3,3-triiodoallyl) and N-(3-iodopropargyl) azole derivatives (100 compounds) involving pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, and tetrazole nuclei were synthesized successively with the aid of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis to obtain potent antifungal agents. Starting from the derivatives of nitropyrrole-containing antibiotics, the QSAR analysis of the pyrrole derivatives against Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes strains indicated the positive contribution of the nitro group and negative effect of the size of molecule. Further application of the QSAR analysis on the multi-azole derivatives revealed the importance of hydrophobicity and electronegativity as well as steric effect to the activities and led to the synthesis of one of the most potent iodo compounds, 2-(2,3,3-triiodoallyl)tetrazole (67, ME1401).
Mycobacterial Infection in TLR2 and TLR6 Knockout Mice (2003)

To investigate the role of TLR in the development of murine tuberculosis in vivo, TLR2 and TLR6 knockout (KO) mice were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by placing them in the exposure chamber of an airborne infection apparatus. Both TLR2 and TLR6 KO mice survived until sacrifice at 12 weeks after infection. Infected TLR2 KO mice developed granulomatous pulmonary lesions with neutrophil infiltration, which were slightly larger in size than those in wild-type mice. Pulmonary levels of the mRNAs for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, IL-1beta, and IL-2 were significantly lower, but levels of the mRNAs for IL-4 and IL-6 were higher, than in wild-type (WT) mice. No significant difference was recognized in cytokine mRNA expression between TLR2 KO and WT mice at 12 weeks after infection. DNA binding by NF-kappaB was low in TLR2 KO mice. On the other hand, TLR6 KO mice were not different from WT mice in terms of pulmonary histopathology, mRNA expression and CFU assay. Therefore, TLR2 does not play an essential role in the pathogenesis of murine tuberculosis, although it is important for defense against mycobacterial infection.
The Effect of Turbidity on Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Aqueous Chlorinated Samples (2012)

As attention has shifted to the use of "monitored natural attenuation" to remediate sites contaminated with chlorinated solvents, optical spectroscopic methods have gained attention as a potential means to enable long-term monitoring. However, previous field research has shown that a number of geoenvironmental factors adversely influence the quality of in-situ optical spectroscopic measurements, including the presence of (non-target) fluorophores, presence of multiple chemical compounds, and the hydrogeological environment of the site. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and characterize the influence of turbidity on the capability of a Time Resolved Raman Spectroscopy (TRRS) system to observe chlorinated solvents in aqueous samples via laboratory tests conducted on liquid standards of trichloroethylene. Key issues investigated included turbid constituent particle size, mineralogy, and turbidity level. Samples were created by doping aqueous chlorinated solvent samples with fine silica flour and Namontmorillonite ranging from 0.02-2μm, with the ultimate aim of understanding how variations in turbidity influence TRRS measurement. Preliminary data indicate that turbidity and particle size consistently influence optical spectroscopic measurements of the TCE contaminant in aqueous solution, with a general trend of exponential decreases in SNR with linear increases in turbidity. Overall, a loss in SNR of ~50% was observed at a turbidity value of ~40 NTU. This observation indicates that absolute Raman intensity in turbid media likely needs to be corrected for the influence of suspended particulate materials in solutions.
Molybdenum-silicon multilayer mirrors for the extreme ultraviolet (1985)

Multilayer structures of molybdenum and silicon have been synthesized by sputter deposition onto flat silicon single-crystal silicon substrates and spherically ground (0.5- and 22.0-m radii) fused silica substrates and the reflectivities for 170.4-Å (72.8-eV), 160.1-Å (77.4-eV), and 228-Å (54.4-eV) light measured at near normal incidence. Observed peak values ranged from 26.2 to 78%, the highest reflectivities occurring closest to normal incidence. Energy resolutions were ∼10 in all cases. Model calculations were performed using optical constants from the literature and experimentally determined multilayer structural parameters. In all cases the measured reflectivities were equal to or larger (by up to a factor of 2) than the calculated values, a result attributed to uncertainty in the optical constants used in the calculations. Experimental and calculated angular peak positions and energy resolutions were in good agreement. The high reflectivities of these molybdenum-silicon structures will make possible application of traditional optics approaches in the EUV and support new developments including free electron lasers.
Three-dimensional sound intensity measurements using Microflown particle velocity sensors (1999)

This paper reports on a novel method to measure three-dimensional sound intensity and the fabrication of a miniature three-dimensional sound intensity probe. Verifying measurements where performed with three separate micromachined particle velocity probes and one pressure microphone. A three-dimensional sound intensity probe has been realised based on a three-dimensional micromachined particle velocity microphone, a 3D Microflown, and a miniature pressure microphone.
Understanding GFP Chromophore Biosynthesis:  Controlling Backbone Cyclization and Modifying Post-translational Chemistry<sup>,</sup> (2005)

The Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) undergoes a remarkable post-translational modification to create a chromophore out of its component amino acids S65, Y66, and G67. Here, we describe mutational experiments in GFP designed to convert this chromophore into a 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one (MIO) moiety similar to the post-translational active-site electrophile of histidine ammonia lyase (HAL). Crystallographic structures of GFP variant S65A Y66S (GFPhal) and of four additional related site-directed mutants reveal an aromatic MIO moiety and mechanistic details of GFP chromophore formation and MIO biosynthesis. Specifically, the GFP scaffold promotes backbone cyclization by (1) favoring nucleophilic attack by close proximity alignment of the G67 amide lone pair with the pi orbital of the residue 65 carbonyl and (2) removing enthalpic barriers by eliminating inhibitory main-chain hydrogen bonds in the precursor state. GFP R96 appears to induce structural rearrangements important in aligning the molecular orbitals for ring cyclization, favor G67 nitrogen deprotonation through electrostatic interactions with the Y66 carbonyl, and stabilize the reduced enolate intermediate. Our structures and analysis also highlight negative design features of the wild-type GFP architecture, which favor chromophore formation by destabilizing alternative conformations of the chromophore tripeptide. By providing a molecular basis for understanding and controlling the driving force and protein chemistry of chromophore creation, this research has implications for expansion of the genetic code through engineering of modified amino acids.