gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Appearance of half-metallicity in the quaternary Heusler alloys (2004)

I report systematic first-principle calculations of the quaternary Heusler alloys like Co$_2$[Cr$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$]Al, Co$_2$Mn[Al$_{1-x}$Sn$_x$] and [Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$]$_2$MnAl. I show that when the two limiting cases (x=0 or 1) correspond to a half-metallic compound, so do the intermediate cases. Moreover the total spin moment $M_t$ in $\mu_B$ scales linearly with the total number of valence electrons $Z_t$ (and thus with the concentration $x$) following the relation $M_t=Z_t-24$, independently of the origin of the extra valence electrons, confirming the Slater-Pauling behavior of the normal Heusler alloys. Finally I discuss in all cases the trends in the atomic projected DOSs and in the atomic spin moments.
The Ullmann Synthesis of Biaryls. (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleThe Ullmann Synthesis of Biaryls.Paul E. FantaCite this: Chem. Rev. 1946, 38, 1, 139–196Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60119a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60119a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2240Altmetric-Citations155LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase Difference Measurement with Digital Correlation Method (2000)

A digital correlative method for phase difference measurement is proposed and analyzed. The characters of this method are high precision, strong anti disturbance capability, less requirements to hardware, especially suitable to low frequency measurement, etc.
Enabling 3D-IC foundry technologies for 28 nm node and beyond: through-silicon-via integration with high throughput die-to-wafer stacking (2009)

High density through-silicon-via (TSV) and cost-effective 3D die-to-wafer integration scheme are proposed as best-in-class foundry solutions for high-end CMOS chips at 28 nm node and beyond. Key processes include: TSV formation, extreme thinning of the TSV wafer and die-to-wafer assembly. The impact of extreme thinning on device threshold voltage, leakage currents, and I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</inf> -I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</inf> characteristics of bulk CMOS devices with and without e-SiGe/CESL stressors has been minimized. The presence of TSV caused no significant changes in Cu/ELK reliability. These excellent characteristics suggest the 300mm 3D-IC processes are promising and suitable for adoption in next generation integrated circuits and interconnects.
A Mobile VideotapeRecording System (1959)

A system has been designed and constructional arrangements made for a special bus to contain a Videotape Recorder, two camera chains, signal generating equipment, director's console, monitoring facilities and self-contained power supply. System performance and accessory requirements are considered in detail. Various concepts in the use of the Videotape Cruiser are discussed, especially with regard to the advertising and motion-picture industries.
Wideband Photonic Compressive Sampling Analog-to-Digital Converter for RF Spectrum Estimation (2013)

Experimental results of multi-signal unambiguous frequency identification and bandwidth reconstruction are demonstrated using an average sampling rate that is more than an order of magnitude less than the uniform rate dictated by traditional Nyquist sampling.
Principal components, covariance matrix tapers, and the subspace leakage problem (2002)

A new class of robust space-time adaptive beamforming techniques is introduced to address a broad range of subspace leakage phenomena that arise in many sensor array applications. When present, these leakage phenomena can significantly increase the effective rank of the dominant colored noise interference spectrum, thereby reducing the appeal of techniques that exploit low-rank dominant interference (such as principal components (PC) or diagonal loading) to reduce sample support (training) requirements. By combining the covariance matrix taper (CMT) approach with either PC or diagonal loading, the minimal sample support properties of these techniques can be preserved.
Representação e economia da informação (2001)

Este trabalho discute o papel da representação na atual economia da informação/conhecimento que se delineia a partir da emergência da Internet. Neste contexto, identificação e avaliação se tornam atividades essenciais para a utilização de recursos informacionais disponíveis na rede. A identificação/avaliação de informações é apresentada como um processo semiótico, no qual a representação substitui a informação original e serve a um usuário como um dispositivo inferecial com relação à sua relevância. O trabalho informacional de desenvolvimento e sistematização de representações das informações disponíveis na Internet joga um papel decisivo, viablizando processos de identificação, avaliação e uso, atuando como intermediária entre usuários e suas necessidades de informação e recursos informacionais potencialmente relevantes.
Optimizing the performance of limited complexity RAKE receivers (2002)

Channel estimation is critical to coherent RAKE receiver performance. We investigate maximum likelihood (ML) channel estimation with side information, using knowledge of the transmit and receive filter responses. Such an approach accounts for the interaction between multipath components. For delay estimation, the ML approach optimizes the RAKE finger placement, even when there are an insufficient number of RAKE fingers. For channel coefficient estimation, the ML approach optimizes combining, regardless of the delay estimation approach used. Suboptimal approaches are also developed, which reduce the complexity at a slight cost in performance.
800-MHz band land mobile telephone system—Overall view (1978)

The 800-MHz band land mobile telephone system which is going into service in Tokyo and other major cities is described. This system is characterized by 1) an ordered array of cells which allows each radio channel to be reused by spacing at an appropriate coordination distance in a wide service area (cellular system), 2) development of a new higher frequency band, and 3) a fully automatic exchange system integrated with the ordinary telephone network. Field tests have been carried out in the Tokyo metropolitan area since 1975 and have now been brought to a successful completion.
Aminated Polyacrylonitrile Fibers for Lead and Copper Removal (2003)

Aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers (APANFs) were prepared through the reaction of polyacrylonitrile fibers (PANFs) with diethylenetriamine in a solution and were used as an adsorbent to remove lead and copper ions from aqueous solutions. It was found that the zero ζ potential point of the APANFs was at about pH = 8.1, in contrast with that of the PANFs at pH = 3.6, and the APANFs had significantly higher adsorption capacities for both lead and copper ions than the PANFs. The adsorption behaviors of lead and copper ions on the APANFs depended upon the solution pH values, and greater amounts of adsorption were obtained at higher solution pH values. Scanning electronic microscopy and atomic force microscopy indicated that the APANF had a rougher surface than the PANF, and the adsorption of the metal species on the APANF made the surface even rougher. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the amine groups on the surface of the APANF played an important role in the removal of lead and copper ions from the solutions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for the APANFs before and after lead and copper adsorption indicated that the adsorption of lead and copper ions on the APANFs can be mainly attributed to the formation of metal complexes with the nitrogen atoms in the amine groups on the surfaces of the APANFs, although the hydroxyl groups on the APANFs may also be involved in binding lead ions from the solutions.
Ultra-low threshold supercontinuum generation in sub-wavelength waveguides (2004)

We show that optical waveguides with sub-wavelength transverse dimensions optimize the effective nonlinearity and provide desireable dispersive properties for generating supercontinuum with ultra-low threshold power. Using a tapered small-core microstructured fiber with a sub-wavelength diameter core, we generate an octave-spanning supercontinuum with 250 pJ pulses from a femtosecond modelocked Ti:sapphire oscillator.
Inhibition of type I procollagen production by tRNA<sup>Val</sup> CTE‐HSP47 ribozyme (2003)

We suggest applicability of this ribozyme as a new modality for antifibrosis therapy.
Hardware Components for Real-Time Stereo Matching: Acceleration of 3D HD TV with FPGAs (2011)

In recent 3D TV market, the technologies addressing to the applications such as stereoscopic depth scaling, glass-free 3D display, and Free Viewpoint TV are getting more attentions. A low-cost solution that can synthesize intermediate views from stereoscopic input contents(left and right camera views) is strongly needed. To render the interpolated views, the depth information of the left and right views are commonly-used in view synthesis algorithm. Therefore, this thesis researches stereo matching algorithms, which generate disparity maps. We implement a state-of-the-art semi-global stereo matching algorithm(dynamic programming and cross based) with FPGA. Our solution also concerns several aspects include disparity map/sequences quality, hardware cost, and real-time performance. Afterward the stereo matching engine design is integrated into IMEC's 3D TV SoC prototype. Several peripheral components, include color space converters, video I/O adaptors and a dedicated memory hierarchy, are developed for supporting both stereo matching and view synthesis engines. Finally, the SoC prototype is evaluated with EP3SL150 FPGA chip. So far it can process dual channel XGA video format (1024x768 @ 60 FPS) in real-time performance and render an acceptable synthesized view quality for depth scaling application. This design shows a promising solution for the 3D TV market.
Hybridization of Vitis rotundifolia: inheritance of anatomical stem characters (1923)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Statistics in Medicine 3rd edition (2012)

Statistics in Medicine, Third Edition makes medical statistics easy to understand by students, practicing physicians, and researchers. The book begins with databases from clinical medicine and uses such data to give multiple worked-out illustrations of every method. The text opens with how to plan studies from conception to publication and what to do with your data, and follows with step-by-step instructions for biostatistical methods from the simplest levels (averages, bar charts) progressively to the more sophisticated methods now being seen in medical articles (multiple regression, noninferiority testing). Examples are given from almost every medical specialty and from dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, and health care management. A preliminary guide is given to tailor sections of the text to various lengths of biostatistical courses.



	Key Features:

	*User-friendly format includes medical examples, step-by-step methods, and check-yourself exercises appealing to readers with little or no statistical background, across medical and biomedical disciplines

	*Facilitates stand-alone methods rather than a required sequence of reading and references to prior text.

	* Covers trial randomization, treatment ethics in medical research, imputation of missing data, evidence-based medical decisions, how to interpret medical articles, noninferiority testing, meta-analysis, screening number needed to treat, and epidemiology.

	* Fills the gap left in all other medical statistics books between the reader’s knowledge of how to go about research and the book’s coverage of how to analyze results of that research.

	 New in this Edition:

	* New chapters on planning research, managing data and analysis, Bayesian statistics, measuring association and agreement, and questionnaires and surveys.

	* New sections on what tests and descriptive statistics to choose, false discovery rate, interim analysis, bootstrapping, Bland-Altman plots, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and Deming regression.

	* Expanded coverage on probability, statistical methods and tests relatively new to medical research, ROC curves, experimental design, and survival analysis.

	*35 Databases in Excel format used in the book and can be downloaded and transferred into whatever format is needed along with PowerPoint slides of figures, tables, and graphs from the book included on the companion site, http://www.elsevierdirect.com/companion.jsp?ISBN=9780123848642

	*Medical subject index offers additional search capabilities.
Synthetic of potential candidates for therapeutic intervention against the human immunodeficiency virus (1995)

Synthesis of potential candidates for therapeutic intervention against the human immunodeficiency virus
AKAP121 downregulation impairs protective cAMP signals, promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, and increases oxidative stress (2010)

These data suggest that AKAP121 regulates the response to stress in cardiomyocytes, and therefore AKAP121 downregulation might represent an important event contributing to the development of cardiac dysfunction.
Variable-structure control of spacecraft attitude maneuvers (1988)

A variable-structure control approach is presented for multiaxial spacecraft attitude maneuvers. Nonlinear sliding surfaces are proposed that result in asymptotically stable, ideal linear decoupled sliding motions of Cayley-Rodrigues attitude parameters, as well as of angular velocities. The resulting control laws are interpreted as more easily implemented and more robust versions of those previously obtained by feedback linearization.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Epiceanothic Acid and Related Compounds. (2011)

Abstract The very rare pentacyclic triterpene epiceanothic acid (VI) is synthesized in twelve steps with an overall yield of ≈10% starting from easily available betulin.
Recovery of Calcium Phosphate from Ultrafiltration Permeates (1982)

Phosphate was precipitated preferentially from ultrafiltration permeate of whole milk without affecting the lactose concentration in the permeate. Precipitates formed by addition of up to .090 molal calcium in the form of calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide, and calcium oxide resulted in removal of approximately 80% of the phosphate in the permeate. Removal of phosphate with all calcium salts increased as pH was raised to 8 with little increase above pH 8. There was no significant difference among weights of precipitates produced by calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide, or calcium oxide at equivalent pH's.
In situ hybridisation (1998)

Basic principles In situ hybridisation can be defined as the morphological localisation of genetic sequences. The objective therefore is to determine the presence or absence of specific DNA or RNA species and to localise those species to particular cellular or chromosomal sites. The identity of sequences within cells is established by exploiting a fundamental property of nucleic acids; their ability to anneal to one another in a sequence specific manner to form hybrids. This is true not only of the two strands of DNA but also of RNA–DNA and RNA– RNA combinations. By labelling one of these two strands, the hybrids formed by such annealing can be detected by a variety of means. The basic requirements of the technique are therefore: a probe that is specific for the sequence of interest and is labelled to allow appropriate detection; and preservation of sufficient morphological detail to allow identification of the location of the labelled probe.
Corneal Topography: The State of the Art (1995)

This text shows how corneal topography can be used in radial and astigmatic keratotomy, cataract surgery, penetrating keratoplasty and several combined procedures. It focuses on the quality of the images, methods of analysis and the required accuracy of corneal topography.
<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> antigens synthesized by schizonts and stabilized at the merozoite surface by antibodies when schizonts mature in the presence of growth inhibitory immune serum. (1986)

Some immune sera that inhibit erythrocyte invasion by merozoites also agglutinate the merozoites as they emerge from rupturing schizonts. These immune clusters of merozoites (ICM) possess a surface coat that is cross-linked by antibody and is thicker than the surface coat associated with normal merozoites (NM) obtained from cultures containing preimmune serum. Analysis of metabolically labeled ICM and NM performed by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that washed ICM possessed immune complexes containing antigens representative of schizonts and merozoites. Characteristics of the immune complexes included: a) they were not soluble in pH 8 Triton X-100, b) they were soluble at an acid pH, and c) after pH neutralization they were precipitated by using staphylococcal protein A. Merozoite antigens having Mr of 83, 73, and 45 kDa were associated with immune complexes in ICM. The 83 and 73 kDa antigens were recovered in considerably larger quantities from ICM than from NM. Schizont antigens having Mr of 230, 173 (triplet), 152 (doublet), and 31 kDa were associated with immune complexes in ICM, and a 195 kDa antigen(s) from schizonts and merozoites was also present in the immune complexes. In addition, other antigens of Mr 113, 101, 65, and 51 kDa may have been immune complexed. These 15 antigens accounted for less than 30% of the schizont and merozoite antigens recognized by the immune serum. Immune complexes probably formed between antibodies and a) surface antigens of schizont-infected erythrocytes exposed to antibody before schizont rupture, b) surface antigens of merozoites and schizonts exposed during schizont rupture, and c) soluble antigens normally released during schizont rupture. The antibody components of the immune complexes may have prevented rapid degradation or shedding of some antigens from the merozoite surface. Allowing schizonts to rupture in the presence of inhibitory antibodies (to form ICM) is a useful approach to identifying exposed targets of protective immunity against malaria.
Dual diversity combining and equalization in digital cellular mobile radio (1991)

The performance of digital data transmission over frequency-selective fading channels is investigated. For statistically independent diversity paths, estimates of average attainable error rates and outage probabilities as functions of system parameters are provided. The dependences among the important system parameters are exhibited graphically for several examples, including quaternary phase-shift keying (QPSK). In the optimized uncoded QPSK with 1.5 b/s/Hz, two orders of magnitude in outage probability can be gained by diversity reception. When one compares the uncoded average probability of error for the optimized mean squared error (MSE) systems one finds at most an order-of-magnitude difference among the different equalizers investigated except for the zero-forcing equalizer, whose performance is drastically inferior to the others. Again, dual diversity can provide two orders of magnitude improvement in the average error rate or in outage probability for the uncoded optimized systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Antigens onto bare skin: a ‘painless’ paradigm shift in vaccine delivery (2003)

The skin is an attractive route for delivery of vaccines because it is accessible and contains immunocompetent cells. This opens up the possibility that, in the future, vaccines could be administered in a simple, safe and practical way without requiring the use of needles and syringes. This review focuses on the methods developed to deliver vaccines via the intact skin. Candidate vaccine antigens can be delivered topically using particulate delivery systems and patch formulations containing the antigen with an ADP-ribosylating exotoxin as an adjuvant. The duration and type of elicited immune responses depend on the antigen, the adjuvant and the method of delivery. Already, the first clinical trial of transcutaneous delivery of vaccines has demonstrated the proof of the principle. However, despite these successes, there are several challenges ahead to be addressed before vaccines administered with a patch will be available over the counter.
Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing PAX-FKHR Form Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcomas by Cooperating with Secondary Mutations (2008)

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS) are highly malignant soft-tissue sarcomas that arise in children, adolescents, and young adults. Although formation and expression of the PAX-FKHR fusion genes is thought to be the initiating event in this cancer, the role of PAX-FKHR in the neoplastic process remains largely unknown in a progenitor cell that is undefined. We hypothesize that PAX-FKHR determine the ARMS progenitor to the skeletal muscle lineage, which when coupled to the inactivation and/or activation of critical cell signaling pathways leads to the formation of ARMS. Because a number of studies have proposed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are the progenitor for several of the sarcomas, we tested this hypothesis in MSCs. We show that PAX-FKHR induce skeletal myogenesis in MSCs by transactivating MyoD and myogenin. Despite exhibiting enhanced growth in vitro, the PAX-FKHR-expressing populations do not form colonies in soft agar or tumors in mice. Expression of dominant-negative p53, or the SV40 early region, elicits tumor formation in some of the PAX-FKHR-expressing populations. Additional activation of the Ras signaling pathway leads to highly malignant tumor formation for all of the populations. The PAX-FKHR-expressing tumors were shown to have histologic, immunohistochemical, and gene expression profiles similar to human ARMS. Our results show the critical role played by PAX-FKHR in determining the molecular, myogenic, and histologic phenotype of ARMS. More importantly, we identify MSCs as a progenitor that can give rise to ARMS.