gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linear stability of a two-fluid interface for electrohydrodynamic mixing in a channel (2007)

We study the electrohydrodynamic stability of the interface between two superposed viscous fluids in a channel subjected to a normal electric field. The two fluids can have different densities, viscosities, permittivities and conductivities. The interface allows surface charges, and there exists an electrical tangential shear stress at the interface owing to the finite conductivities of the two fluids. The long-wave linear stability analysis is performed within the generic Orr–Sommerfeld framework for both perfect and leaky dielectrics. In the framework of the long-wave linear stability analysis, the wave speed is expressed in terms of the ratio of viscosities, densities, permittivities and conductivities of the two fluids. For perfect dielectrics, the electric field always has a destabilizing effect, whereas for leaky dielectrics, the electric field can have either a destabilizing or a stabilizing effect depending on the ratios of permittivities and conductivities of the two fluids. In addition, the linear stability analysis for all wavenumbers is carried out numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method, and the various types of neutral stability curves (NSC) obtained are discussed.
DNM1, a dynamin-related gene, participates in endosomal trafficking in yeast. (1995)

We identified DNM1, a novel dynamin-related gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular and genetic mapping showed that DNM1 is the most proximal gene to the right of centromere 12, and is predicted to encode a protein of 85 kD, designated Dnm1p. The protein exhibits 41% overall identity with full-length dynamin I and 55% identity with the most highly conserved 400-amino acid GTPase region. Our findings show that like mammalian dynamin, Dnm1p participates in endocytosis; however, it is unlikely to be a cognate homologue. Cells with a disruption in the DNM1 gene showed mating response defects consistent with a delay in receptor-mediated endocytosis. The half-life of the Ste3p pheromone receptor was increased two- to threefold in the dnm1 mutant, demonstrating that Dnm1p participates in the constitutive turnover of the receptor. To define the step in the endocytic pathway at which Dnm1p acts, we analyzed mutant strains at both early and late steps of the process. Initial internalization of epitope-tagged pheromone receptor or of labeled pheromone proceeded with wild-type kinetics. However, delivery of the internalized receptor to the vacuole was greatly impeded during ligand-induced endocytosis. These data suggest that during receptor-mediated endocytosis, Dnm1p acts after internalization, but before fusion with the vacuole. The dnm1 mutant was not defective for sorting of vacuolar proteins, indicating that Dnm1p is not required for transport from the late endosome to the vacuole. Therefore, we suggest that Dnm1p participates at a novel step before fusion with the late endosome.
Soil Properties of the Habitat of Lepista nuda (2005)

민자주방망이버섯(Lepista nuda)의 생태적 특성에 대한 연구의 일환으로 민자주방망이버섯 서식지의 수분, 유기물, 전질소, 토양 산성도, 무기물 함량 등의 토양인자에 대하여 분석하였다. 수분 및 유기물 함량은 평균 29.65%, 32.14%로 나타났으며, 전질소 함량은 평균 0.74%, pH는 평균 4.57의 산성 토양으로 조사되었다. 무기물의 함량은 Fe가 평균 1,024 ppm으로 가장 높았고, K : 183 ppm, Mn : 21.88 ppm, Ca : 2.02 ppm, Zn : 1.46 ppm 그리고 Mg : 0.51 ppm의 순으로 나타났다. This study was carried out to analyze the soil properties of Lepista nuda habitats to form a part of the studies on the characteristics of L. nuda. The soil samples collected from seven studied areas were investigated for soil properties such as soil moisture, soil pH, and the contents of organic and inorganic matters. The content of soil moisture was 29.7% and the content of organic matter was 32.1%. Total nitrogen was 0.74% and soil pH was 4.75, which was ranged from 3.6 to 5.20. In the content of inorganic matter, the content of Fe was highest as 1,024 ppm, K 183 ppm, Mn 21.9 ppm, Ca 2.02 ppm, Zn 1.46 ppm and Mg was lowest as 0.51 ppm.
Matrine induces apoptosis via targeting CCR7 and enhances the effect of anticancer drugs in non-small cell lung cancer <i>in vitro</i> (2018)

This study mainly investigated the effects of matrine on cell apoptosis and the effects of anticancer drugs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549 and LK2 cells). The results showed that matrine (≥10 μM) caused a significant inhibition on cell viability and 10 and 100 μM matrine induced cell apoptosis via influencing p53, bax, casp3, and bcl-2 expressions in A549 cells. In addition, matrine significantly down-regulated C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) expression, and blocking the down-regulation of CCR7 by exogenous chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) treatment alleviated matrine-caused effects of apoptosis genes in A549 cells. The results were further validated in LK2 cells that matrine regulated apoptosis gene expressions, which were reversed by CCL21 treatment. Furthermore, matrine enhances the effects of cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel in A549 cells, and the anticancer effects exhibit a dosage-dependent manner. In summary, matrine induced cell apoptosis and enhanced the effects of anticancer drugs in NSCLC cells; the mechanism might be associated with the CCR7 signal.
All-optical NACK for Fast Packet Retransmission in AWGR-based Optical Switches (2011)

This paper presents an all-optical technique to provide an on-the-fly physical layer negative acknowledgement for packet retransmission in AWGR-based all-optical switches for datacom. Fast NACK notification and packet retransmission is demonstrated.
Broad-source image plane holography as a confocal imaging process (1994)

The process of image plane holography with incoherent illumination has many significant properties. The process can produce extremely high-quality, low-noise images, section slicing, image formation through inhomogeneities, and high-resolution image formation through small apertures. The process of confocal imaging has similar properties. We describe the similarities and differences between the two processes.
A secreted lipase of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> is a virulence factor required for infection of cereals (2005)

Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of the Fusarium head blight (FHB) and a destructive pathogen of cereals accounting for high grain yield losses especially on wheat and maize. Like other fungal pathogens, F. graminearum secretes various extracellular enzymes, which are hypothesized to be involved in host infection. Extracellular lipolytic activity of F. graminearum was strongly induced in culture by wheat germ oil; this allowed us to isolate, clone, and characterize a gene (FGL1) encoding a secreted lipase. Expression analysis indicated that FGL1 is induced by lipid-containing substrates and repressed by glucose. In planta, FGL1 transcription was detected 1 day post-infection of wheat spikes. The function of the FGL1 gene product was verified by specifically demonstrating lipase activity after expression in a heterologous host. Ebelactone B, a known lipase inhibitor, repressed the lipolytic activity of the enzyme. Disease severity was strongly reduced when wild-type conidia were supplemented with ebelactone B. Transformation-mediated disruption of FGL1 led to reduced extracellular lipolytic activity in culture and to reduced virulence to both wheat and maize.
Relation of Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae to ABO Blood Groups (1976)

The relation of infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae to the blood groups A, B, AB, and O was examined in 584 women attending a prenatal clinic. The occurrence of gonorrhea was significantly higher in black patients with blood group B than in those with blood groups A, AB, or O.
Highly Conductive One-Dimensional Nanofibers: Silvered Electrospun Silica Nanofibers via Poly(dopamine) Functionalization (2014)

Using tetraethyl orthosilicate as a main raw material, silica nanofibers (SiNFs) were prepared through the combination of a sol-gel process and an electrospinning technique followed by pyrolysis. Surface modified electrospun SiNFs developed by self-polymerization of polydopamine on the surface (SiNFs-PDA) served as templates for the electroless plating of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), using glucose as a reducing agent. The electrical resistivity of silver coated SiNPs-PDA (SiNFs-PDA/Ag) was measured by the four-point probe method and was found to be as low as 0.02 mΩ·cm at room temperature. The morphology of SiNFs-PDA/Ag before and after the blending with silicon rubber indicated a strong interaction between the silver layer and the SiNFs-PDA. The electrical and mechanical properties of the silicon rubber filled with SiNFs-PDA/Ag were studied to demonstrate the conductive performance application of SiNFs-PDA/Ag.
A new scale for side-chain contribution to protein stability based on the empirical stability analysis of mutant proteins (2001)

The hydrophobicity scales for amino acid side chains based on the transfer Gibbs energy (DeltaG(trans)) of amino acids from non-aqueous phases to water have been widely used to estimate the contribution of buried side chains to the conformational stability of proteins. In this paper, we propose a new scale for the side-chain contribution to protein stability, which is derived from data on protein denaturation experiments using systematic and comprehensive mutant proteins. In the experiments, the contribution of some physical properties were quantitatively determined as parameters in a unique equation representing the stability change (DeltaDeltaG) of mutant proteins as a function of the structural changes due to the mutations. These parameters are able conveniently to provide a scale for the side-chain contribution to protein stability. This new scale also has the advantage over the previously reported hydrophobicity scales of residues with the contributions of hydrogen bonds or secondary structural propensity. It may find practical application in algorithms for the prediction of protein structures.
Effect of radiation-induced defects on silicon solar cells (2000)

Recent experiments indicated an anomalous degradation of n+–p–p+ silicon space solar cells irradiated with high-energy protons or electrons. Several models have been proposed, which assumes that radiation-induced defects are responsible for the degradation. The effect of the radiation-induced deep defects with energy levels Ec−0.17, Ec−0.1, Ec−0.43, and Ev+0.36 eV on solar cells is studied in this article. It is shown that among these defects only the defect with energy level Ec−0.1 eV causes the anomalous degradation, when the base thickness W is approximately 250 μm.
The efficacy of vacuum-ultraviolet light disinfection of some common environmental pathogens (2020)

Following the criteria that valid germicidal results can be reflected with 3-log10 inactivation for bacteria, 4-log10 inactivation for viruses and 5-log10 inactivation for MTB, most of the bacteria required ≤10 min of VUV treatment, 20 min for the influenza viruses while MTB needed about 30 min VUV treatment. This indicated that VUV light is an effective approach against different environmental microorganisms.
An improvement of the Guajardo-Paar method for multiplication on non-supersingular elliptic curves (2002)

Calculation of multiples of elliptic points plays a central role in elliptic curve public key cryptosystems. We present improved formulae for computing repeated doubling points on non supersingular elliptic curves over finite fields of characteristic two. These formulae, in combination with variants of the sliding window method, lead to efficient algorithms for computing a multiple of a point in such elliptic curves. For many practical implementations of the finite field GF(2/sup n/), our formulae can achieve a running time improvement of up to 25% when compared to Guajardo and Paar's formulae (J. Guajardo and C. Paar, 1997).
Direct multi-resolution estimation of ego-motion and structure from motion (2002)

The paper describes an iterative algorithm that estimates the motion of a camera through an environment directly from brightness derivatives of an image pair. A global ego-motion constraint is combined with the local brightness constancy constraint to relate local surface models with the global ego-motion model and local brightness derivatives. In an iterative process, the author first refines the local surface models using the ego-motion as a constraint, and then refines the ego-motion model using the local surface models as constraints. He performs this analysis at multiple resolutions. He shows how information from local corner-like and edge-like image structures contribute to the refinement of the global ego-motion estimate, and how the ego-motion constraint can help resolve local motion ambiguities that arise from the aperture problem. Results of the algorithm are shown on uncalibrated outdoor image sequences, and also on a computer-rendered image sequence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Surface-Initiated, Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization:  Formation of Diblock Copolymer Brushes and Solvent-Dependent Morphological Changes (2007)

In this article, we report the formation of diblock copolymer brushes on a gold surface by surface-initiated, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP) with the newly developed ruthenium catalyst [(H2IMes)(3-Br-py)2(Cl)2Ru=CHPh]. Taking advantage of the highly improved activity of the ruthenium catalyst and the rapid initiation step of ROMP, we successfully formed thin films of well-defined block copolymers with 5-norbornene-2-endo,3-endo-dimethanol and norbornene carboxylic acid methyl esters (44:56 endo/exo). The catalyst was found to be active enough to polymerize endo isomers of norbonene derivatives from the surface as well as to form diblock copolymer brushes. SI-ROMP of diblock copolymers from the surface was confirmed by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After the formation, the polymer-grafted substrates were immersed in various solvents, and the selective swelling characteristics of polymer brushes were investigated by atomic force microscopy.
A Paradigm for color gamut mapping of pictorial images (1999)

In this thesis, a paradigm was generated for color gamut mapping of pictorial images. This involved the development and testing of: 1.) a hue-corrected version of the CIELAB color space, 2.) an image-dependent sigmoidal-lightness-rescaling process, 3.) an image-gamut- based chromatic-compression process, and 4.) a gamut-expansion process. This gamut-mapping paradigm was tested against some gamut-mapping strategies published in the literature. Reproductions generated by gamut mapping in a hue-corrected CIELAB color space more accurately preserved the perceived hue of the original scenes compared to reproductions generated using the CIELAB color space. The results of three gamut-mapping experiments showed that the contrast-preserving nature of the sigmoidal-lightness-remapping strategy generated gamut-mapped reproductions that were better matches to the originals than reproductions generated using linear-lightness-compression functions. In addition, chromatic-scaling functions that compressed colors at a higher rate near the gamut surface and less near the achromatic axis produced better matches to the originals than algorithms that performed linear chroma compression throughout color space. A constrained gamut-expansion process, similar to the inverse of the best gamut-compression process found in this experiment, produced reproductions preferred over an expansion process utilizing unconstrained linear expansion.
Modeling Electrical Conductivity in Concentrated and Mixed-Solvent Electrolyte Solutions (2004)

A comprehensive model has been developed for calculating electrical conductivities of aqueous or mixed-solvent electrolyte systems ranging from dilute solutions to fused salts. The model consists of a correlation for calculating ionic conductivities at infinite dilution as a function of solvent composition and a method for predicting the effect of finite electrolyte concentration. The effect of electrolyte concentration is calculated using an extended form of the mean-spherical-approximation (MSA) theory coupled with a mixing rule for predicting the conductivities of multicomponent systems on the basis of the conductivities of constituent binary cation−anion subsystems. The MSA theory has been extended to very concentrated and mixed-solvent systems by introducing effective ionic radii that take into account various interactions between ions, solvent molecules, and ion pairs. The model has been coupled with thermodynamic equilibrium computations to provide the necessary concentrations of individual ions in complex, multicomponent systems. The model accurately reproduces experimental conductivity data over wide ranges of composition with respect to both solvents and electrolytes. In particular, the model is shown to be accurate for aqueous acids (e.g., H2SO4, HNO3, and H3PO4) up to the pure acid limit, various nitrates ranging from dilute solutions to fused salts, salts in water + alcohol mixtures, and LiPF6 solutions in propylene and diethyl carbonate.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characterization of Brain Structure and Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Review (2008)

Given the predicted increase in prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the coming decades, early detection and intervention in persons with the predementia condition known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is of paramount importance. Recent years have seen remarkable advances in the application of neuroimaging and other biomarkers to the study of MCI. This article reviews the most recent developments in the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize brain changes and to prognosticate clinical outcomes of patients with MCI. The review begins with description of methods and findings in structural MRI research, delineating findings regarding both gross atrophy and microstructural brain changes in MCI. Second, we describe the most recent findings regarding brain function in MCI, enumerating findings from functional MRI and brain perfusion studies. Third, we will make recommendations regarding the current clinical use of MRI in identification of MCI. As a conclusion, we will look to the future of neuroimaging as a tool in early AD detection.
Protein dynamics viewed by hydrogen exchange (2012)

To examine the relationship between protein structural dynamics and measurable hydrogen exchange (HX) data, the detailed exchange behavior of most of the backbone amide hydrogens of Staphylococcal nuclease was compared with that of their neighbors, with their structural environment, and with other information. Results show that H-bonded hydrogens are protected from exchange, with HX rate effectively zero, even when they are directly adjacent to solvent. The transition to exchange competence requires a dynamic structural excursion that removes H-bond protection and allows exposure to solvent HX catalyst. The detailed data often make clear the nature of the dynamic excursion required. These range from whole molecule unfolding, through smaller cooperative unfolding reactions of secondary structural elements, and down to local fluctuations that involve as little as a single peptide group or side chain or water molecule. The particular motion that dominates the exchange of any hydrogen is the one that allows the fastest HX rate. The motion and the rate it produces are determined by surrounding structure and not by nearness to solvent or the strength of the protecting H-bond itself or its acceptor type (main chain, side chain, structurally bound water). Many of these motions occur over time scales that are appropriate for biochemical function.
Designing an aspect-oriented framework in an object-oriented environment (2000)

article Free Access Share on Designing an aspect-oriented framework in an object-oriented environment Authors: Constantinos A. Constantinides Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois Institute of Technology, ChicagoView Profile , Atef Bader Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois Institute of Technology, ChicagoView Profile , Tzilla H. Elrad Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois Institute of Technology, ChicagoView Profile , P. Netinant Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois Institute of Technology, ChicagoView Profile , Mohamed E. Fayad Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln Univ. of Nebraska, LincolnView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 32Issue 1esMarch 2000 pp 41–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/351936.351978Published:01 March 2000Publication History 40citation2,946DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations40Total Downloads2,946Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Embeddable wireless strain sensor based on resonant rf cavities (2005)

In this article we describe a type of sensor to monitor strain. The strain sensor is a passive device that can be embedded or attached to a structure and then remotely interrogated though a wireless interface. Such a system has the advantage of requiring no permanent physical connection, either electrical or optical, to an interrogation system. The sensor is a conducting coaxial electromagnetic cavity that is embedded in or bonded to the structure in which strain is to be measured. The cavity will exhibit resonance for electrical wavelengths two times the cavity length. Changes in the structure’s dimensions will be reflected in changes in the dimensions of the cavity, and will result in a shift of the resonant frequency of the cavity. The sensor incorporates an antenna so that the resonant frequency of the cavity can be determined by remote interrogation. The acquired resonant frequency is then used to calculate the strain in the structure. The sensor presented in this article operates at a frequency of approximately 2.45 GHz, and exhibits a shift in resonance of 2.45 kHz per microstrain (με). We have demonstrated a strain sensitivity of less than 1με with a bandwidth of 25 Hz. This class of embeddable sensor is expected to have the greatest application in monitoring the health of, and assessing damage in, civil structures.