gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Macrocyclic Esters<sup>1</sup> (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacrocyclic Esters1E. W. Spanagel and W. H. CarothersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 5, 929–934Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01308a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01308a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views557Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
权当是一场“愚人节”的玩笑 (2016)

无论你在意还是不在意,在你的朋友圈、微博、QQ空间总是会不经意地看见几句感怀青春的鸡汤式语句,不可回避一股青春怀旧的电影如潮水般涌来,一群还很年轻的＂80后＂、＂90后＂,就开始怀念自己一无是处的青春,用那些夹杂着荷尔蒙的回忆来安慰自己——那就是我的黄金时代。
Mucosal immunity against mycobacterial infection (2010)

This thesis aimed to the identification of immune biomarkers of mycobacterial infection for better diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and also focused on new vaccination strategies with a particular emphasis on the immune responses in the respiratory tract using murine models. Since the lung is the natural habitat for the M. tuberculosis, we reasoned that immune responses detected locally in the lungs would be good correlates of infection (Paper I). Likewise, immune responses induced in the respiratory tract following immunization would be more effective against mycobacterial infection. We showed that cytokines (IL-12, TNF, and IFN-γ) and cytokine receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) together with specific antibodies in the respiratory tract correlated better with the bacterial burden in the organs. In Paper II, we investigated the role of the BCG vaccination as a priming vaccine in a heterologous prime-boost immunization protocol. The results showed that the neonatal BCG vaccination primed the immune system for a relevant antigen and showed a generalized adjuvant effect. Using this immunization protocol, protective immune responses in the lungs were generated independently of the route used for the booster immunization. In Paper III, We showed that exposure to mycobacterial antigens during the gestational period led to antigen transportation from the mother to the fetus and this resulted in an early priming of the fetal immune system. Immunization with the same antigen during the postnatal life increased antigen-specific recall IFN-γ responses and protection against infection. We examined the role of innate immunity for the induction of acquired immune responses upon immunization with mycobacterial antigens using TLR2 deficient mice (Paper IV). Our data indicated that suboptimal innate immune responses in the TLR2-/- mice might compromise the induction of acquired immune responses. Overall, the current findings suggested that a better understanding of the mucosal immunity would be useful for the improvement of diagnostic procedures and the development of efficient vaccines against TB.
Giant and high-resolution beam steering using slow-light waveguide amplifier (2011)

We propose a novel beam-steering device based on a slow-light waveguide amplifier. In this paper, we present the idea of this steering technique and show its modeling characteristics. Giant steering of the radiation beam is obtained by tuning the wavelength of input light, which is coupled into the Bragg reflector waveguide. A tunable deflection-angle range can be over 40 degrees. High beam coherency and flat intensity distribution enable us to obtain an ultra-large number of resolution-points over 1,000 for few-millimeter long devices.
Clinically Employed Opioid Analgesics Produce Antinociception via μ-δ Opioid Receptor Heteromers in Rhesus Monkeys (2012)

Morphine and related drugs are widely employed as analgesics despite the side effects associated with their use. Although morphine is thought to mediate analgesia through mu opioid receptors, delta opioid receptors have been implicated in mediating some side effects such as tolerance and dependence. Here we present evidence in rhesus monkeys that morphine, fentanyl, and possibly methadone selectively activate mu-delta heteromers to produce antinociception that is potently antagonized by the delta opioid receptor antagonist, naltrindole (NTI). Studies with HEK293 cells expressing mu-delta heteromeric opioid receptors exhibit a similar antagonism profile of receptor activation in the presence of NTI. In mice, morphine was potently inhibited by naltrindole when administered intrathecally, but not intracerebroventricularly, suggesting the possible involvement of mu-delta heteromers in the spinal cord of rodents. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that, in primates, mu-delta heteromers are allosterically coupled and mediate the antinociceptive effects of three clinically employed opioid analgesics that have been traditionally viewed as mu-selective. Given the known involvement of delta receptors in morphine tolerance and dependence, our results implicate mu-delta heteromers in mediating both antinociception and these side effects in primates. These results open the door for further investigation in humans.
Studies on the syntheses of azole derivatives. Part II . Syntheses of <i>N</i>‐(1‐ or 2‐Substituted)indazolones <i>via</i> Diazotization (1970)

Abstract Syntheses of 2,5‐disubstituted‐indazolones (Ixa–g) and 3‐hydroxy‐1‐substituted‐1 H ‐indazoles (XIVa,b) were achieved by diazotization of 2‐benzoylaniline (VIa–g) and N ‐benzoylhydrazine (XIIa–c), respectively.
Riser Systems for Deep and Ultra-Deepwaters (2001)

Abstract The development of deeper water fields by Petrobras has required continuous improvements with respect to their riser systems. The recent efforts for SCR development were not an isolated action. Besides this program, that involved the installation of a prototype at P-18 (Marlim Field), the studies for SCR utilization in an FPSO unit at the Barracuda/Caratinga Field, and the installation of two more SCRs in another SS unit (P-36, Roncador Field) using the hybrid installation method (i.e. reel + J-lay), other actions are being conducted, such as: search for new designs for flexible riser structures and configurations, the Hybrid Riser System with Subsurface Buoy Concept, and the riser system for the Floating Production and Workover Unit (FPWU). More recently, Petrobras has been considering Conceptual Studies for Alternative Riser Systems, which will comprise the evaluation of concepts, different from the ones previously mentioned, for Albacora Leste Field. Albacora Leste is the next relevant deep water field to be developed and operated by Petrobras. It is the first scenario considered for riser studies and development under PROCAP 3000, the new version of the Petrobras Deep Water R&D Program. The traditional flexible riser concept, the SCR, the Hybrid Riser System with Subsurface Buoy, and some Alternative Riser System (mainly riser tower type solution) concepts are being evaluated for this field. The learning from these studies will give the basis for the future deeper fields that Petrobras will be challenged to develop. This paper will bring the Petrobras experience on riser systems and views on future possibilities for deep and ultradeep water fields. Introduction Since the beginning of the exploitation of Campos Basin offshore fields, Petrobras has been facing new challenges to produce in deeper and deeper waters. The option for the use of Floating Production Systems (FPSs), in the majority of the cases, had a strong impact on the kind of risers employed. The historical evolution of the riser systems of Campos Basin is described in this paper. Some good reasons for the emphasis given to flexibles are explained, and the main steps related to the technological advances of this technology is documented. Other technical options for riser systems, either actually used, or just investigated, are presented. Alternative Riser Systems, presently considered for the Albacora Leste Field development, are focused. Finally, some thoughts about possibilities for the future, that may be included in the PROCAP 3000, are added. It is important to mention that, although Petrobras has no deep water system based in dry completion (TLP, Spar, etc.) in operation, such option is always considered in a comparison basis with the wet completion (subsea) system, which has always been selected. Thus, to be able to properly evaluate the dry completion systems, Petrobras has performed several conceptual studies, that included the riser systems in a quite detailed level. Nevertheless, risers for dry completion systems are out of the scope of this paper.
Framework for testing cloud platforms and infrastructures (2011)

Cloud computing, which is a relatively new approach to distributed computing, uses cloud infrastructures that automatically scale to support an application's hardware requirements, and therefore, must have high reliability in order to meet user expectations. To achieve a high level of quality and reliability, cloud platforms and infrastructures must be tested thoroughly. Typically, cloud providers have individual approaches to infrastructure testing, and there are no widely accepted methods of infrastructure testing that are currently available. An important theoretical and practical problem in this area is the development of such methods, including testing application programming interfaces (APIs), which are direct links between the client code and the infrastructure it runs upon. In this paper, an approach for testing cloud platforms and infrastructures is suggested. An intelligent framework is presented, which accelerates testing and provides for parallel development of test cases. This framework is a cloud application, which contains plugins for testing APIs of cloud platforms. A prototype framework for testing Google App Engine has been created to show demonstrated applicability of the suggested approach.
International Student Colloquium (1993)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Qualitative Dynamics of Disordered Human Locomotion (1989)

A qualitative approach to the evaluation of disordered locomotion is introduced within the framework of dynamical systems theory. Exemplar phase plane and angle-angle plots of knee and ankle movements were constructed from limb trajectories of neurologically impaired individuals and qualitatively compared with similar plots, reflecting normal locomotion. In phase plane trajectories of normal locomotion, characteristics of spring-like dynamics dominated the loading and unloading phases whereas those of ballistic pendular dynamics were seen during swing. The overall squareness of the normal phase plane trajectories suggested precisely timed and narrowly focused controls. in contrast, phase plane records from hemiparetic subjects had markedly reduced segmental velocities, pronounced velocity reversals in both stance and swing, and a loss of overall squareness. Knee-ankle plots of normal locomotion revealed important features of intersegmental coordination such as coupled out-of-phase coordination in loading and unloading, a decoupled phase offset in early swing, and a kind of active partitioning in late swing in which one segment moved while the other remained constant. These intersegmental relations were absent or distorted in the hemiparetic angle-angle plots. It is suggested that this qualitative approach, together with electromyography and force dynamics, may allow the characterization of the movement disorders associated with given neuropathologies.
Alginate Inhibits Iron Absorption from Ferrous Gluconate in a Randomized Controlled Trial and Reduces Iron Uptake into Caco-2 Cells (2014)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01528644.
On the ionospheric impact of recent storm events on satellite-based augmentation systems in middle and low-latitude sectors (2003)

The Ionospheric correction algorithms have been characterized extensively for the mid-latitude region of the ionosphere where benign conditions usually exist. The United States Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) for civil aircraft navigation is focused primarily on the Conterminous United States (CONUS). Other Satellite-based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) include the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) and the Japanese Global Navigation Satellite System (MSAS). Researchers are facing a more serious challenge in addressing the ionospheric impact on navigation using SBAS in other parts of the world such as the South American region on India. At equatorial latitudes, geophysical conditions lead to the so-called Appleton-Hartree (equatorial) anomaly phenomenon, which results in significantly larger ionospheric range delays and range delay spatial gradients than is observed in the CONUS or European sectors. In this paper, we use GPS measurements of geomagnetic storm days to perform a quantitative assessment of WAAS-type ionospheric correction algorithms in other parts of the world such as the low-latitude Brazil and mid-latitude Europe. For the study, we access a world-wide network of 400+ dual frequency GPS receivers.
Alkoxide-catalyzed Autoxidative Cleavage of Ketones and Esters<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkoxide-catalyzed Autoxidative Cleavage of Ketones and Esters1W. von E. Doering and Ruth Margot HainesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 2, 482–486Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01631a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01631a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views781Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Controlled Jet Polishing of Specimens for Transmission Electron Microscopy (1967)

First Page
A Noncontact Force Sensor Based on a Fiber Bragg Grating and Its Application for Corrosion Measurement (2013)

A simple noncontact force sensor based on an optical fiber Bragg grating attached to a small magnet has been proposed and built. The sensor measures the force between the magnet and any ferromagnetic material placed within a few millimeters of the sensor. Maintaining the sensor at a constant standoff distance, material loss due to corrosion increases the distance between the magnet and the corroded surface, which decreases the magnetic force. This will decrease the strain in the optical fiber shifting the reflected Bragg wavelength. The measured shift for the optical fiber used was 1.36 nm per Newton. Models were developed to optimize the magnet geometry for a specific sensor standoff distance and for particular corrosion pit depths. The sensor was able to detect corrosion pits on a fuel storage tank bottom with depths in the sub-millimeter range.
High solubility of random-sequence proteins consisting of five kinds of primitive amino acids (2005)

Searching for functional proteins among random-sequence libraries is a major challenge of protein engineering; the difficulties include the poor solubility of many random-sequence proteins. A library in which most of the polypeptides are soluble and stable would therefore be of great benefit. Although modern proteins consist of 20 amino acids, it has been suggested that early proteins evolved from a reduced alphabet. Here, we have constructed a library of random-sequence proteins consisting of only five amino acids, Ala, Gly, Val, Asp and Glu, which are believed to have been the most abundant in the prebiotic environment. Expression and characterization of arbitrarily chosen proteins in the library indicated that five-alphabet random-sequence proteins have higher solubility than do 20-alphabet random-sequence proteins with a similar level of hydrophobicity. The results support the reduced-alphabet hypothesis of the primordial genetic code and should also be helpful in constructing optimized protein libraries for evolutionary protein engineering.
Dynamic power management of laptop hard disk (2002)

Summary form only given. Optimal power management policies for a laptop hard disk are obtained with a system model that can handle non-exponential interarrival times in the idle and the sleep states. the measurement results on a Sony Vaio laptop show that our policy has 1.7 times less power consumption as compared to the default Windows timeout policy with still high performance.
[Autoantibodies to brain tissue antigens in epilepsy patients]. (1996)

The observation of 38 patients with different forms of epilepsy was carried out in terms of autoantibodies (aAB) to nervous tissue proteins: p16, p30 and S-100. The pathological increase or decrease of aAB titers to at least one of the antigens (AG) mentioned above was found in 31 cases. The qualitatively new approach was further used for the revelation of aAB to S-100. Not the very protein was adsorbed on the plates for immunoenzyme assay but antiidiotypic Abs which were the "mirror reflection" of corresponding protein molecules' determinants. The authors suggested that the method permitted to estimate the level of aAB to the whole complex of AG determinants. Thus, the percent of positive tests was approximately twice higher. The index of aAB binding by corresponding anti-idiotypes was decreased in 29 patients. It's quite possible that it formed some conditions for brain tissue damages by aAB.
Ribavirin in the treatment of SARS: A new trick for an old drug? (2003)

The dramatic outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has led to the use of high-dose intravenous and oral ribavirin in patients affected with this disorder. Ribavirin, a nucleoside analogue with broad antiviral activity, was discovered in 1970 by ICN Pharmaceuticals. In Canada, ribavirin is licensed for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants and, in combination with interferon α2b, hepatitis C. In view of the limited circumstances in which it is prescribed, most physicians are not familiar with its pharmacology, dosing and safety. In this article we summarize this information for the benefit of health care professionals who may be involved with patients receiving ribavirin for treatment or prevention of SARS. We also review emerging data on the potential efficacy of ribavirin against the SARS virus, a new mutant of coronavirus.
Practical applications in film and optics measurements for dual-lightsource interferometry (2004)

Current inspection and QA technology is dominated in the packaging industry by on-line beta gauges, capacitance testing and infrared technology as well as off-line microscopy and basis weight processes. The optics industry uses standard interferometers, gauge block comparators and other contact technology. Current Dual light source interferometer technology, employed by Lumetrics, allows rapid off-line and on-line non-contact inspection of multi-layer plastics and coating applications, as well as optics and optical assemblies. Practical applications in numerous industries will be discussed. Results of online testing of a multi-layer label stock will also be presented.
Developments in Externally Regulated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (2015)

This account details externally regulated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) methods. Various external stimuli are discussed which collectively span chemical, thermal, photochemical, electrochemical, and mechanical modes of catalyst activation. Specific attention is also given to the recent development of a metal-free approach to ROMP that includes electro-organic and photoredox-mediated systems. 1 Introduction 2 Externally Regulated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization 2.1 Acid-Activated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Catalysts 2.2 Thermally Activated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Catalysts 2.3 Mechanically Activated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Catalysts 2.4 Photochemically Activated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Catalysts 2.5 Redox-Activated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Catalysts 3 Metal-Free Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization 3.1 Electro-organic Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization 3.2 Photoredox-Mediated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization 4 Conclusions and Outlook
Evaluation results of a new EUV reticle pod having reticle grounding paths (2011)

A new SEMI standard E152-0709 "Mechanical Specification of EUV Pod for 150 mm EUVL Reticles" has been published in July 2009. In the standard, reticle grounding requirements are mentioned as related information: an electrical connection between the front and back sides of EUVL reticles as well as the electrical connection to the reticle backside from outside the outer pod may be needed and specified in future. Reticle grounding is very important for reticle protection not only from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage but also from particle contamination due to electrostatic attraction (ESA). Many past data suggested that EUV masks have to be grounded during shipping, storage and tool handling to prevent particle adhesion. Canon, Nikon and Entegris have jointly developed a new ESD-free EUV pod "cnPod-ESD" which has electrical connections to the reticle from outside the outer pod by modifying a SEMI compliant EUV pod "cnPod". In order to have an electrical connection between the reticle backside and the outer pod, a cantilever is installed inside the inner pod cover. The cantilever touches the reticle backside just inside 146mm x 146mm which is specified as the minimum conductive layer area in SEMI P37 "Specification for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography Substrates and Blanks". In order to have an electrical connection between the reticle frontside and the outer pod, though it is not required in E152, an electrical conductive material is used for the reticle supports on the inner pod baseplate. We will show various evaluation data of the new ESD-free pods from particle contamination point of view and will discuss the necessity of the reticle grounding in this paper. We will also mention the necessity of modification of the SEMI standard P37 to make a universal EUV ESD-free pod.
Low molecular weight protamine as an efficient and nontoxic gene carrier: <i>in vitro</i> study (2003)

The present study suggested that LMWP could be a useful and safe tool for enhancing delivery of bioactive molecules and therapeutic DNA products into cells when applied in gene therapy.