gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study of high-current toroidal ring discharge (1951)

Abstract A toroidal ring discharge has been studied in which the exciting primary is a metal coating on the outside of the torus. The waveforms of the currents and electric fields in the gas have been obtained, and the light from the discharge has been studied spectroscopically and with a photo-multiplier, the gases used being hydrogen and argon. Very large currents flow in the gas with peak amplitudes greater than 104 A. The current is in phase with the electric field, the exciting frequency being 150 kc./sec. Photographs of the discharge show a marked ‘pinch’ effect in argon. The method of Craggs & Hopwood (1947) has been applied to determine the ion concentrations from the broadening of the Balmer lines. Peak ion concentrations occur which are greater than the molecular concentra­ tions. High-frequency oscillations (1 to 5 Mc./sec.) occur in the gas and are thought to be plasma ion oscillations.
Terahertz magneto-optics in the ferromagnetic semiconductor HgCdCr2Se4 (2015)

The magneto-optical response of the ferromagnetic semiconductor HgCdCr2Se4 at terahertz (THz) frequencies is studied using polarization sensitive THz time-domain spectroscopy. It is shown that the polarization state of broadband terahertz pulses, with a spectrum spanning from 0.2 THz to 2.2 THz, changes as an even function of the magnetization of the medium. Analysing the ellipticity and the rotation of the polarization of the THz radiation, we show that these effects originate from linear birefringence and dichroism, respectively, induced by the magnetic ordering. These effects are rather strong and reach 102 rad/m at an applied field of 1 kG which saturates the magnetization of the sample. Our observation serves as a proof-of-principle showing strong effects of the magnetic order on the response of a medium to electric fields at THz frequencies. These experiments also suggest the feasibility of spin-dependent transport measurements on a sub-picosecond timescale.
Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of chiral capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography: An update (2003)

Capillary electrophoresis is often considered an ideal method for the chiral analysis of compounds due to the high separation power of the technique and has therefore found widespread acceptance for the analysis of drugs and pharmaceuticals. In contrast, capillary electrochromatography is still more or less in an infancy state searching for its place among the analytical separation techniques although interesting applications have been published. The present review summarizes recent developments and applications of chiral pharmaceutical analysis by electromigration techniques published in 2002 and early 2003.
The Effect of Nicarbazin on Reproduction in White Rock Breeder Hens (1956)

NICARBAZIN—a molecular complex of 4, 4′-dinitrocarbanilide and 2-hydroxy-4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine—became widely used during 1955 as a coccidiostat for starting and growing chicks. Barber (1955) showed that Nicarbazin fed at a level of 0.015% prevented mortality due to E. tenella and that weight gains of chicks fed this material were normal when they were exposed to either E. tenella or E. acervulina. Higgins (1955) found that chicks fed Nicarbazin at the 0.015% level successfully withstood a challenge from a mixed culture of E. tenella, E. acervulina and E. necatrix. In his studies, the chicks were fed the Nicarbazin for one or two days before they were challenged with the coccidia. Ott and co-workers (1955) found that Nicarbazin, at levels between 0.01% and 0.02% permitted optimal growth and feed utilization in young chickens and did not interfere with sexual maturity, egg production and fertility in adult chickens. They reported, however, that …
Plasma thrombomodulin in health and diseases (1990)

Abstract Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblot analysis of plasma thrombomodulin concentrate revealed that four degraded forms of thrombomodulin with different molecular weights are present in plasma. Plasma concentrations of thrombomodulin in patients with various diseases were measured by two methods of enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies. One method measures intact thrombomodulin and degraded forms of thrombomodulin; the other does not detect the two smaller degraded forms of thrombomodulin present in plasma. The results indicated that thrombomodulin was increased in the circulating blood of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, pulmonary thromboembolism, adult respiratory distress syndrome, chronic renal failure, or acute hepatic failure. The different values obtained by the two methods indicate that the increase of plasma thrombomodulin found in these patients was mainly due to an increase of the smaller fragments of degraded forms, suggesting that the release of thrombomodulin from endothelial cells was accelerated in various disease states by proteolytic activity generated on the surface of the endothelium and may be removed from the circulation mostly by the kidneys and liver.
Short form 36 (SF36) health survey questionnaire: normative data for adults of working age. (1993)

The SF36 is a potentially valuable tool in medical research. The normative data provided here may further facilitate its validation and use.
Control channel traffic design in a high-capacity land mobile telephone system (1978)

Control channel efficiency improvement techniques for an 800-MHz band high-capacity land mobile telephone system are described. Three interesting techniques, 1) the channel capacity increase technique under the random access mode from many mobiles, 2) a control channel division method which takes into account differences of control signal traffic behavior in land originated calls and mobile originated calls, and 3) a control channel frequency assignment method for efficient utilization of the radio frequency band, are studied by using computer simulations. The control channel frequency assignment method proposed decreases the required number of control channel frequencies by more than one half of the number in the existing assignment method.
Activation of A$_3$ receptors by endogenous adenosine inhibits synaptic transmission during hypoxia in rat cortical neurons (2003)

We conclude that a high level of endogenous adenosine, which occurs during hypoxia, activates A(3) receptors. Their activation contributes to PSP inhibition by adenosine during hypoxia.
A Phase 2 Trial of Dasatinib in Patients with Advanced HER2-Positive and/or Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer (2011)

Limited single-agent activity was observed with dasatinib in patients with advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Mutations in <i>SOX9</i> cause both autosomal sex reversal and campomelic dysplasia (1996)

The human testis determining factor (SRY) has been cloned from the Y chromosome. This gene is a dominant inducer of male differentiation. Mutations in the SRY gene result in an XY individual developing as a sex reversed phenotypic female. Sex reversal in humans can also be caused by mutations located in autosomal or X-linked loci. One such sex-reversing locus (SRAI) is associated with the developmental disorder campomelic dysplasia (CD). Both these syndromes were mapped to human chromosome 17q by the identification of balanced reciprocal translocations in five unrelated patients. The translocation breakpoint of one such XY-female CD patient was mapped and the region surrounding it cloned. The closest distal marker used to map the translocation breakpoint was the SOX9 gene. Because of the close proximity of this gene to the breakpoint, it was subjected to mutation analysis in patients without overt chromosome rearrangements. Analysis of DNA from these patients and their parents identified de novo mutations in the SOX9 gene in patients with both autosomal sex reversal and CD. This showed that mutations in the SOX9 gene are responsible for both syndromes.
Moving From Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibition to Targeting DNA Repair and DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy (2019)

The DNA damage response (DDR) pathway coordinates the identification, signaling, and repair of DNA damage caused by endogenous or exogenous factors and regulates cell-cycle progression with DNA repair to minimize DNA damage being permanently passed through cell division. Severe DNA damage that cannot be repaired may trigger apoptosis; as such, the DDR pathway is of crucial importance as a cancer target. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is the best-known element of the DDR, and several PARP inhibitors have been licensed. However, there are approximately 450 proteins involved in DDR, and a number of these other targets are being investigated in the laboratory and clinic. We review the most recent evidence for the clinical effect of PARP inhibition in breast and ovarian cancer and explore expansion into the first-line setting and into other tumor types. We critique the evidence for patient selection techniques and summarize what is known about mechanisms of PARP inhibitor resistance. We then discuss what is known about the preclinical rationale for targeting other members of the DDR pathway and the associated tumor cell genetics that may confer sensitivity to these agents. Examples include DNA damage sensors (MLH1), damage signaling molecules (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated; ataxia-telangiectasia mutated-related and Rad3-related; CHK1/2; DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit; WEE1; CDC7), or effector proteins for repair (POLQ [also referred to as POLθ], RAD51, poly [ADP-ribose] glycohydrolase). Early-phase clinical trials targeting some of these molecules, either as a single agent or in combination, are discussed. Finally, we outline the challenges that must be addressed to maximize the therapeutic opportunity that targeting DDR provides.
Synthesis of Novel Pyrimidine Fused 8-Membered Heterocycles via Iminium Ion Cyclization Reactions (2008)

Novel tricyclic pyrimidine-fused 8-membered heterocycles were prepared by an iminium ion cyclization using pyrimidinediamine systems with electron-rich aromatic rings.
Infopreneurs: Turning Data Into Dollars (1988)

From the Publisher:
Shows how to turn information into income--explaining how to tap reserves of information, tailor it to the needs of the customer, and market it to business and government. Provides practical advice and insights from successful infopreneurs, including how to consolidate, isolate, and communicate information; generate new information products and services; and employ faster information for volatile markets. Shows how to bill for services using a computer, telephone and credit cards to obtain instant payment for information provided. Also shows how to tap the power of compiled names and data to enhance market effectiveness.
Towards materials with enhanced electro-mechanical response: CaCu3Ti4O12–polydimethylsiloxane composites (2012)

We describe a straightforward production pathway of polymer matrix composites with increased dielectric constant for dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Up to date, the approach of using composites made of high dielectric constant ceramics and insulating polymers has not evidenced any improvement in the performance of DEA devices, mainly as a consequence of the ferroelectric nature of the employed ceramics. We propose here an unexplored alternative to these traditional fillers, introducing calcium copper titanate (CCTO) CaCu3Ti4O12, which has a giant dielectric constant making it very suitable for capacitive applications. All CCTO–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites developed display an improved electro-mechanical performance. The largest actuation improvement was achieved for the composite with 5.1 vol% of CCTO, having an increment in the actuation strain of about 100% together with a reduction of 25% in the electric field compared to the raw PDMS matrix.
Global Optimization of Fiber-Optic Communication Systems using Four-Dimensional Modulation Formats (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. D. Coelho and N. Hanik, "Global Optimization of Fiber-Optic Communication Systems using Four-Dimensional Modulation Formats," in 37th European Conference and Exposition on Optical Communications, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper Mo.2.B.4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Effect of propranolol on platelet signal transduction (1995)

Propranolol inhibits platelet secondary aggregation and secretion by mechanisms unrelated to its beta-adrenergic-blocking activity. We previously reported that a major effect of the drug is perturbation of the physical microenvironment of the human platelet membrane. To explore further the molecular mechanisms underlying propranolol-mediated platelet inhibition, we studied protein kinase C activity, estimated from the phosphorylation of the substrate protein pleckstrin, in propranolol-treated human platelets. The drug inhibited activation of the enzyme in thrombin-stimulated platelets but not in platelets stimulated with phorbol esters, indicating that its site of action might be upstream of protein kinase C. It also inhibited the activity of phospholipase C, determined from the extent of generation of inositol phosphates and phosphatidic acid, in platelets stimulated with thrombin as well as the non-hydrolysable GTP analogue guanosine 5'-[beta, gamma-imido]triphosphate in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that propranolol inhibits signal transduction in thrombin-stimulated platelets by interacting at the level of phospholipase C and exclude interaction of the drug with the downstream effector enzyme protein kinase C.
Ocean effects on time delay estimation requiring adaptation (1993)

In active sonar and in passive sonar localization, time delay is a fundamental parameter whose extraction is vital to the sonar function. The underlying time delay parameter (or parameter vector) contains information about the acoustic source (or reflector) as seen through the ocean at a receiver. The ocean effects require sonar adaptation. A tutorial review of ocean effects in time delay estimation is provided, with references to benchmark work. It covers coherence, time-delay estimation, localization, time-varying time delay estimation, the complexity of the ocean environment, and depth estimation using mode matching.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Stereospezifische Polymerisation von Vinyläthern (1959)

Abstract Die stereospezifische Polymerisation der Vinyläther mit zahlreichen Katalysatoren schwacher kationischer Aktivität wird untersucht. Mit einigen dieser Katalysatoren lassen sich Polyvinyläther gewinnen, die einen erheblich höheren Kristallinitätsgrad besitzen als die bisher bekannten Polyvinyläther. Diese Untersuchung zeigt, daß grundsätzlich die Gegenwart einer festen Phase ‐ wie man sie nach Natta für α‐Olefine unbedingt benötigt ‐ für stereospezifische Polymerisationen dann nicht notwendig ist, wenn außer einer Vinyl‐Doppelbindung noch eine zweite (konjugierte) Doppelbindung oder aber ein frei verfügbares Elektronenpaar vorhanden ist. Die Polymerisationen von Vinyläthern mit Katalysatoren verschiedenster Art (Al‐ und Ti‐Verbindungen) und die Eigenschaften der erhaltenen Polymeren werden in Einzelheiten dargelegt.
Comparison of the Action of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Enterotoxin on the Thymocyte Adenylate Cyclase-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate System to That of Cholera Toxin and Prostaglandin E <sub>1</sub> (1974)

Mouse thymocytes were used to compare mechanisms by which Vibrio cholerae and heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxins activate the adenylate cyclase-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) system. Both enterotoxins had their time-delayed increase in cyclic AMP neutralized by antisera to V. cholerae or E. coli enterotoxin, blocked by low concentrations of ganglioside G M1 , and destroyed by prior heating. Enterotoxin activation of adenylate cyclase was similarly affected. By contrast, prostaglandin E 1 -mediated increases in cyclic AMP were not affected by specific antitoxins or gangliosides. Combination of maximal stimulatory doses of both enterotoxins did not produce additive increases in cyclic AMP. Wash experiments suggested that both enterotoxins bind rapidly and tightly to thymocytes at 37 C. However, lowering the incubation temperature to 8 C reduced the affinity of E. coli enterotoxin but not cholera toxin for thymocytes. Results suggest that heat-labile E. coli enterotoxin and cholera enterotoxin may activate the same adenylate cyclase enzyme by similar mechanisms.
Tumour‐suppressor genes in prostatic oncogenesis: a positional approach (1997)

Genetic alterations, such as mutation, methylation and aneuploidy, are thought to underlie the multistep genesis and progression of many human cancers. However, the genetic events occurring in prostatic oncogenesis are still relatively poorly understood. This is especially so in early-stage tumours, in which mutations of known oncogenes or tumour-suppressor genes appear to be quite infrequent. Allelic losses of chromosome arms 7q, 8p, 10, 16q and 18q suggest the involvement of novel suppressor loci on these chromosomes; allelic losses of chromosome arm 8p are especially frequent and may be detected even in early-stage tumours. We have used a positional approach to seek novel genetic targets in prostate cancer, including allelic-loss mapping of chromosome 8p and physical mapping of chromosome band 8p22 around the MSR gene. A homozygous somatic deletion in one prostatic nodal metastasis was mapped in this region and spanned 730-970 kb. This region was then examined in detail for expressed sequences. One novel gene, called N33, was found to be silenced by a methylation mechanism in most colon cancer cell lines and some primary colorectal tumours. Characterization of additional chromosome 8p22 candidates is in progress.
FDTD applications to electromagnetic interference and shielding (2002)

The finite difference time domain method (FDTD) is applied to two electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems. The technique is used to simulate fields to wire coupling. Two types of excitation are used in this simulation: a plane wave excitation and a dipole antenna. The effect of the shield (enclosure) presence on the strength of penetrated field is studied via the calculation of the shielding effect. The results obtained confirm the capability of the FDTD technique for modeling EMI problems.
A combined decision fusion and channel coding scheme for distributed fault-tolerant classification in wireless sensor networks (2006)

In this paper, we consider the distributed classification problem in wireless sensor networks. Local decisions made by local sensors, possibly in the presence of faults, are transmitted to a fusion center through fading channels. Classification performance could be degraded due to the errors caused by both sensor faults and fading channels. Integrating channel decoding into the distributed fault-tolerant classification fusion algorithm, we obtain a new fusion rule that combines both soft-decision decoding and local decision rules without introducing any redundancy. The soft decoding scheme is utilized to combat channel fading, while the distributed classification fusion structure using error correcting codes provides good sensor fault-tolerance capability. Asymptotic performance of the proposed approach is also investigated. Performance evaluation of the proposed approach with both sensor faults and fading channel impairments is carried out. These results show that the proposed approach outperforms the system employing the MAP fusion rule designed without regard to sensor faults and the multiclass equal gain combining fusion rule
Transformation of epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney cells with p60(v-src) induces expression of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and invasiveness. (1998)

Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is expressed both in carcinoma cells and in surrounding stromal fibroblasts. MT1-MMP localizes to the surface of tumor cells and is thought to play an important role in tumor invasion. To analyze the mechanism of MT1-MMP gene expression in epithelial tumor cells, the dog kidney epithelial cell line Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) was transformed by oncogenes, including v-src, and expression of MT1-MMP was examined. Transformation of MDCK cells with v-src resulted in loss of cell-to-cell contacts and morphological change. Expression of MT1-MMP in v-src-transformed cells was identified by Northern and Western blotting. Gelatin zymography analysis showed that progelatinase A in the culture medium was processed from latent to activated form by MDCK cells transformed with v-src. The MDCK cells transformed by v-src were tumorigenic in the subcutis (ectopic) and kidney (orthotopic) of nude mice and spontaneously metastasized to the lung after orthotopic implantation. These results suggest that MT1-MMP induced by v-src transformation may promote invasiveness of transformed cells.
Application of a sinusoidal internal model to current control of three-phase utility interface converters (2004)

Three-phase voltage-source converters are used as a utility interface. In such a case, the converter line currents are required to track sinusoidal references synchronized with the utility grid without steady-state error. In this paper a current control method based on a sinusoidal internal model is employed. The method uses a sine transfer function with a specified resonant frequency, which is called an S compensator. The combination of a conventional PI compensator and an S compensator is called a PIS compensator. The PIS compensator ensures that the steady-state error in response to any step changes in a reference signal at the resonant frequency and zero hertz reduces to zero. An experiment was carried out using a 1-kVA prototype of three utility interface converters, a voltage-source rectifier, an active power filter, and STATCOM. Almost perfect current tracking performance can be observed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 150(3): 54–61, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20064
Development of multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of three Potyviruses in tobacco plants (2012)

This multiplex real-time PCR will be useful not only for diagnostic, ecological, epidemiological and pathogenesis studies, but also for investigating host/virus or virus/virus interactions, in particular during mix infection.