gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subsampling dual-comb spectroscopy (2020)

We demonstrate a technique to compress spectral information in dual-comb spectroscopy that relies on subsampling of the electrical interferogram. It enables us to reduce the data sample rate by arbitrary factors directly in the sampling process or in post-processing of existing data. A demonstration code is provided.
Controlling Bursting in Cortical Cultures with Closed-Loop Multi-Electrode Stimulation (2005)

One of the major modes of activity of high-density cultures of dissociated neurons is globally synchronized bursting. Unlike in vivo, neuronal ensembles in culture maintain activity patterns dominated by global bursts for the lifetime of the culture (up to 2 years). We hypothesize that persistence of bursting is caused by a lack of input from other brain areas. To study this hypothesis, we grew small but dense monolayer cultures of cortical neurons and glia from rat embryos on multi-electrode arrays and used electrical stimulation to substitute for afferents. We quantified the burstiness of the firing of the cultures in spontaneous activity and during several stimulation protocols. Although slow stimulation through individual electrodes increased burstiness as a result of burst entrainment, rapid stimulation reduced burstiness. Distributing stimuli across several electrodes, as well as continuously fine-tuning stimulus strength with closed-loop feedback, greatly enhanced burst control. We conclude that externally applied electrical stimulation can substitute for natural inputs to cortical neuronal ensembles in transforming burst-dominated activity to dispersed spiking, more reminiscent of the awake cortex in vivo. This nonpharmacological method of controlling bursts will be a critical tool for exploring the information processing capacities of neuronal ensembles in vitro and has potential applications for the treatment of epilepsy.
<title>Optically pumped mid-IR type-II quantum well lasers</title> (1996)

Pulsed, optically pumped four-constituent Type-II (InAs-Ga<SUB>1-x</SUB>In<SUB>x</SUB>Sb-InAs- AlSb) quantum well lasers emitting at 3.9 - 4.1 micrometer were observed to lase up to 285 K with a characteristic temperature T<SUB>0</SUB> of 35 K for 170 K less than T<SUB>op</SUB> less than 270 K. A theoretical analysis predicts dramatic improvements once the potential for suppressing Auger recombination is fully realized.
Complete Nucleotide Sequences of the Infectious Cloned DNAs of Bean Dwarf Mosaic Geminivirus (1993)

Bean dwarf mosaic geminivirus (BDMV) was shown to have a bipartite genome (DNA-A and DNA-B) from restriction map and sequence data comparisons of cloned DNAs. The nucleotide sequences of the infectious clones of DNA-A and DNA-B were determined. Computer analyses showed that the bipartite genome of BDMV resembles that of other whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses. The DNA-A (2,615 nt) and DNA-B (2,575 nt) have little sequence homology other than that within the common region. The nucleotide sequences of the 187-nt common regions of the two DNAs had 96% identity and included a region of 33 nt that can form a stem-loop structure nearly identical to that of other geminiviruses. Nucleotide sequence analysis identified six open reading frames, four on DNA-A and two on DNA-B, involving viral and complementary strand sense transcription. Comparisons of nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of BDMV with those of other whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses showed that BDMV was most closely related to Abutilon mosaic geminivirus and not closely related to bean golden mosaic geminivirus. BDMV can be distinguished from other bean-infecting geminiviruses by differences in symptoms, host range, reaction of bean germplasm, and sequence identities; thus, BDMV is a distinct bean-infecting geminivirus.
Stability of Thiamin in Parenteral Nutrition Solutions (1983)

Since the vitamin thiamin is sensitive to degradation in the presence of stoichiometric concentrations of sulfite ions, the stability of thiamin in parenteral nutrition solutions containing sulfite as an antioxidant and preservative has been questioned. The usual clinical practice of mixing amino acids, dextrose, and other solutions for administration in total parenteral nutrition significantly dilutes the concentration of sulfite. We have measured the thiamin concentration in total parenteral nutrition solutions sampled from containers after administration to patients. We have also determined the time course of thiamin degradation in solutions containing two concentrations of sulfite. Thiamin content exceeded labeled amounts in total parenteral nutrition bags containing amino acid, dextrose, and multivitamin solutions. However, when multivitamins were added directly to amino acid solutions containing 0.1% (9.6 mM) sulfite, significant degradation occurred by 5 hr. Thiamin was stable for at least 22 hr when added to total parenteral nutrition solutions containing less than 0.05% (4.8 mM) sulfite.
Crystal Structure and Electronic Structure of Red SnO (2012)

Abstract Pigeon blood red powder samples of SnO were synthesized via a soft chemistry route. A precipitate was obtained from a freshly prepared SnCl 2 solution containing phosphorus acid by adding ammonia until a pH value of 4.9 is reached. Heating of the mixture at 95 °C leads after 5 d to microcrystalline powders of red SnO. The crystal structure was solved and refined from X‐ray powder diffraction data ( Cmc 2 1 ; a = 5.0045(3) Å, b = 5.7457(3) Å, c = 11.0485(5) Å, Z = 8). Red SnO crystallizes in a new structure type. Characteristic building units are double layers of tin and oxygen atoms. The tin atoms are surrounded by four oxygen atoms with distances ranging from 2.04 Å to 2.67 Å, and the highly asymmetric coordination around the Sn 2+ ions indicates the presence of a stereochemically active lone pair. LMTO band structure calculations show that the red modification of SnO is an insulator. The electronic structures of red SnO and the zero band gap semiconductor black SnO are compared. The lone pairs of the tin atoms are visualized via the electron localization function.
Nash Equilibrium (2018)

The concept of a Nash equilibrium is central to understanding the predictions of game theory. This article considers the applications of Nash equilibrium for the study of the theory of oligopolistic competition.
High incidence of meningioma in cranial irradiated survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2007)

Survivors of childhood ALL treated with cranial radiation require prolonged surveillance because of a high incidence of late meningiomas. Early detection, when the tumor is still small, facilitates resection and may reduce complications.
<i>S</i>-Arylcysteine−Keratin Adducts as Biomarkers of Human Dermal Exposure to Aromatic Hydrocarbons (2008)

To measure biomarkers of skin exposure to ubiquitous industrial and environmental aromatic hydrocarbons, we sought to develop an ELISA to quantitate protein adducts of metabolites of benzene and naphthalene in the skin of exposed individuals. We hypothesized that electrophilic arene oxides formed by CYP isoforms expressed in the human skin react with nucleophilic sites on keratin, the most abundant protein in the stratum corneum that is synthesized de novo during keratinocyte maturation and differentiation. The sulfhydryl groups of cysteines in the head region of the keratin proteins 1 (K1) and 10 (K10) are likely targets. The following synthetic S-arylcysteines were incorporated into 10-mer head sequences of K1 [GGGRFSS( S-aryl-C)GG] and K10 [GGGG( S-aryl-C)GGGGG] to form the predicted immunogenic epitopes for antibody production for ELISA: S-phenylcysteine-K1 (SPK1), S-phenylcysteine-K10 (SPK10), S-(1-naphthyl)cysteine-K1 (1NK1), S-(1-naphthyl)cysteine-K10 (1NK10), S-(2-naphthyl)cysteine-K1 (2NK1), and S-(2-naphthyl)cysteine-K10 (2NK10). Analysis by ELISA was chosen based on its high throughput and sensitivity, and low cost. The synthetic modified oligopeptides, available in quantity, served both as immunogens and as chemical standards for quantitative ELISA. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies produced against the naphthyl-modified keratins reacted with their respective antigens with threshold sensitivities of 15-31 ng/mL and high specificity over a linear range up to 500 ng/mL. Anti- S-phenylcysteine antibodies were not sufficiently specific or sensitive toward the target antigens for use in ELISA under our experimental conditions. In dermal tape-strip samples collected from 13 individuals exposed to naphthalene-containing jet fuel, naphthyl-conjugated peptides were detected at levels from 0.343 +/- 0.274 to 2.34 +/- 1.61 pmol adduct/microg keratin but were undetectable in unexposed volunteers. This is the first report of adducts of naphthalene (or of any polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) detected in the exposed intact human skin. Quantitation of naphthyl-keratin adducts in the skin of exposed individuals will allow us to investigate the importance of dermal penetration, metabolism, and adduction to keratin and to predict more accurately the contribution of dermal exposure to systemic dose for use in exposure and risk-assessment models.
Recurrent Residual Module for Fast Inference in Videos (2018)

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made impressive progress in many video recognition tasks such as video pose estimation and video object detection. However, CNN inference on video is computationally expensive due to processing dense frames individually. In this work, we propose a framework called Recurrent Residual Module (RRM) to accelerate the CNN inference for video recognition tasks. This framework has a novel design of using the similarity of the intermediate feature maps of two consecutive frames, to largely reduce the redundant computation. One unique property of the proposed method compared to previous work is that feature maps of each frame are precisely computed. The experiments show that, while maintaining the similar recognition performance, our RRM yields averagely 2x acceleration on the commonly used CNNs such as AlexNet, ResNet, deep compression model (thus 8-12x faster than the original dense models using the efficient inference engine), and impressively 9x acceleration on some binary networks such as XNOR-Nets (thus 500x faster than the original model). We further verify the effectiveness of the RRM on speeding up CNNs for video pose estimation and video object detection.
New Aspects of Neurotransmitter Release and Exocytosis: Rho-Kinase-Dependent Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C-Kinase Substrate Phosphorylation and Regulation of Neurofilament Structure in Neuronal Cells (2003)

Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is an actin-binding protein whose function may be regulated by the phosphorylation of multiple sites, in which the phosphorylation site domain (PSD) is recognized to have three or four PKC-dependent sites. Recently, it is considered that MARCKS is implicated in some neuronal functions, such as synaptic vesicle trafficking and neurotransmitter release, through regulation of the actin-containing cytoskeletal structure; this is based on the experimental results with short-term or prolonged pretreatment with phorbol esters and treatment by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. However, the precise molecular mechanism is yet obscure. Recently, we have demonstrated that MARCKS is phosphorylated at Ser159 in PSD by Rho-kinase in vitro and that the phosphorylation occurred in neuronal cells upon stimulation with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and its phosphorylation was inhibited by a novel and specific Rho-kinase inhibitor, H-1152. Our results allow us to speculate that a preinflammatory substance, such as LPA, interleukin 1-β, and bradykinin, augments MARCKS phosphorylation in a novel signal transduction pathway besides the PKC-involved one, and thereby induces the release of a neurotransmitter through a reorganization of actin-containing microfilaments at the cell periphery, the so-called “active zone”. In this section, I address a novel mechanism for MARCKS phosphorylation and its related cellular function.
Studies on Allyl Polymerization (1957)

酢酸ビニル (M1) とフタル酸ジアリル (M2) の共重台をBPOを触媒として, 60℃ で初濃度比 [M1] 0:[M2] 0を80:10から20:40まで種々変化させて行い, 共重合経過を明らかにした。生成共重合物分子はなお未反応のアリル不飽和基を結合している。たとえば [M1] 0:[M2] 0=30: 35で共重合して得た初期重合物は平均共重合物中の全m2のアリル基に対して, なお12.4から15.1mol%のアリル不飽和基を結合しているが, この量を無視し, かつ, フタル酸シアリル分子に結合している2個のアリル基の反応性は互に無関係であると仮定して, 酢酸ビニルとフタル酸ジアリルのアリル基の共重合におけるmonomer rreactivityratioを求め, r1=0.72, r2=2.0の値を得た。この値は本報告第6報で得た, 酢酸ビニルと安息香酸アリルの共重合のそれに比し大きな差異はない。重合の進行過程で共重合液がゲル化を開始するときの重合率は, [M1] 0の初濃度のより大きい場合ほどかえって低い。それは生成共重合物の分子量がより大きいための結果であろう。スチレンとフタル酸ジアリルはほとんど共重合しない。
Thrombin generation and platelet activation induced by rFVIIa (NovoSeven<sup>®</sup>) and NN1731 in a reconstituted cell‐based model mimicking haemophilia conditions (2009)

Replacement therapy with factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX (FIX) is routinely used in haemophilia patients with haemophilia A and B, respectively, while recombinant activated FVII (rFVIIa) has proven to induce haemostasis in haemophilia patients with inhibitors. To evaluate the effect of therapeutic intervention in patients with residual factor activities, the effects of increasing concentrations of rFVIIa or NN1731 on thrombin generation and platelet activation were measured in a cell-based model system mimicking severe, moderate and mild haemophilia A or B. Purified monocytes stimulated to express tissue factor and non-activated platelets from peripheral blood of healthy donors were incubated with a mixture of purified human coagulation factors in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of FVIII or FIX. Sub-samples were analysed for thrombin activity and platelet activation measured as exposure of P-selectin by flow cytometry. Dose-dependent increases in thrombin generation and platelet activation were observed following increasing concentrations of rFVIIa or NN1731 in both haemophilia A- and B-like conditions. At 25 nm rFVIIa, which nears the peak levels in patient plasma after 90 microg kg(-1) intravenous dosing, the effects on maximum thrombin generation rate (maxTG) at 1-10% FVIII were comparable to those at 100% and 200% FVIII in the absence of rFVIIa. Normalization of maxTG required 500 nm rFVIIa and 25 nm NN1731 or 25-100 nm rFVIIa and 5 nm NN1731 in severe or moderate/mild haemophilia A and haemophilia B, respectively. This suggests that NN1731 holds its promise as a future bypassing agent for haemophilia patients with and without inhibitors.
Speculative defragmentation - a technique to improve the communication software efficiency for Gigabit Ethernet (2002)

Cluster platforms offer good computational performance, but they still cannot utilize the potential of Gbit/s communication technology. While the speed of the Ethernet has grown to 1 Gbit/s, the functionality and the architectural support in the network interfaces has remained the same for more than a decade, so that the memory system becomes a limiting factor. To sustain the raw network speed in applications, a "zero-copy" network interface architecture would be required, but, for all widely used stacks, a last copy is required for the (de)fragmentation of the transferred network packets, since Ethernet packets are smaller than a page size. Correctly defragmenting packets of various communication protocols in hardware is an extremely complex task. We therefore consider a speculative defragmentation technique that can eliminate the last defragmenting copy operation in zero-copy TCP/IP stacks on existing hardware. The payload of fragmented packets is separated from the headers and stored in a memory page that can be mapped directly to its final destination in user memory. To evaluate our ideas, we integrated a network interface driver with speculative defragmentation into an existing protocol stack and added well-known page remapping and fast buffer strategies. Measurements indicate that we can improve the performance for a Gigabit Ethernet over a standard Linux 2.2 TCP/IP stack by a factor of 1.5-2 for uninterrupted burst transfers. Furthermore, our study demonstrates good speculation success rates for a database and a scientific application code on a cluster of PCs.
Mode elimination in fiber loss measurements (1979)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text F. T. Stone and P. H. Krawarik, "Mode elimination in fiber loss measurements," Appl. Opt. 18, 756-758 (1979) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Anti-angiogenic strategies for cancer therapy (Review) (2005)

Acquired drug resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem in the treatment of cancer. After primary surgical intervention, followed by chemotherapy treatments, the majority of patients develop disease recurrence. This is due to tumor cell heterogeneity and genetic instability. In contrast to tumor cells, proliferating host endothelial cells (ECs) are genetically stable and have a low mutational rate. Furthermore, tumor angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor development, vascular invasion and hematogenous metastasis. Thus, anti-angiogenic therapy directed against tumor ECs should, in principle, improve the efficacy of antitumor therapy by inducing little or no drug resistance. We review different therapeutic approaches directed against tumor angiogenesis, showing potent antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. These strategies involve the inhibition of the expression of proangiogenic molecules, as well as the overexpression of anti-angiogenic molecules by either injection of recombinant proteins or transfer of genes encoding anti-angiogenic molecules. The gene therapy approach based on the gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) system, as well as the use of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as angiogenesis-selective gene-targeting vectors, will be further discussed.
In Silico Improvement of β<sup>3</sup>-Peptide Inhibitors of p53•hDM2 and p53•hDMX (2009)

There is great interest in molecules capable of inhibiting the interactions between p53 and its negative regulators hDM2 and hDMX, as these molecules have validated potential against cancers in which one or both oncoproteins are overexpressed. We reported previously that appropriately substituted beta(3)-peptides inhibit these interactions and, more recently, that minimally cationic beta(3)-peptides are sufficiently cell permeable to upregulate p53-dependent genes in live cells. These observations, coupled with the known stability of beta-peptides in a cellular environment, and the recently reported structures of hDM2 and hDMX, motivated us to exploit computational modeling to identify beta-peptides with improved potency and/or selectivity. This exercise successfully identified a new beta(3)-peptide, beta53-16, that possesses the highly desirable attribute of high affinity for both hDM2 and hDMX and identifies the 3,4-dichlorophenyl moiety as a novel determinant of hDMX affinity.
Medical Intensive Care: Indications, Interventions, and Outcomes (1980)

To evaluate current practices regarding intensive-care units (ICU's), we collected data on 2693 consecutive admissions to a medical ICU during a two-year period and studied indications for admission, specific interventions, costs, and outcomes. The need for noninvasive monitoring rather than immediate major interventions prompted 77 per cent of the admissions. Only 10 per cent of monitored patients had subsequent indications for major interventions. The 23 per cent who required immediate interventions accounted for disproportionate shares of total charges (37 per cent) and deaths during hospitalization (58 per cent). Demographic and diagnostic data indicate that the aged and chronically ill have become the principal consumers of intensive care. Overall mortality during hospitalization was 10 per cent; cumulative mortality during follow-up study (mean duration, 15 months) was 25 per cent. We conclude that identification of sensitive predictors of complications and specific predictors of mortality can lead to more efficient and effective ICU practices.
Neutrophil Function in Surgical Patients (1984)

Chemotaxis under agarose and the beta-glucosaminidase enzyme-release assay (BGERA) were evaluated for assessing neutrophil function in 44 patients in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU). The 27 patients shown to be angeric to delayed-type hypersensitivity skin tests at entry to the SICU had decreased neutrophil chemotaxis of 2.6 +/- 0.2 cm (mean +/- SEM) and a decreased BGERA result of 22.4% +/- 1.6%. Major sepsis developed in 59% of them, and 44% died. The ten relatively anergic patients (reacting to one antigen) had a normal neutrophil chemotactic response of 3.0 +/- 0.2 cm and a decreased BGERA result of 20.9% +/- 1.6%. Sepsis developed in 30% of them, and 20% died. The seven reactive patients (reacting to two or more antigens) had a neutrophil chemotaxis of 3.7 +/- 0.3 cm and a BGERA result of 18.9% +/- 1.7%. None had sepsis or died. The agarose method correlated best with the delayed-type hypersensitivity response. The BGERA results did not correlate with neutrophil chemotaxis and were not helpful in gauging neutrophil function.
LOS/NLOS Identification based on Stable Distribution Feature Extraction and SVM Classifier for UWB On-body Communications (2014)

This paper presents a technique for identifying between both Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) propagation schemes for UWB on-body context. The wireless communications for body area networks have a great attention in the last years especially after the IEEE 802.15.6 standard. We focus in the first to extract only the pertinent information using Stable Distribution compared with statistical techniques, and secondly to classify it using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with as main goal to identify the two LOS and NLOS phenomena. We propose a technique to make the classification easy between LOS and NLOS contexts for UWB on-body communications. All simulations were applied to UWB measurements collected in 9.
Thermo-stability and antitumor activity on colon cancer cell lines of monoclonal anti-CEA antibody-saporin immunotoxin (1992)

Eight saporin peaks were obtained from the purification of seed extracts of Saponaria officinalis L. Saporin peak No. 6 (SAP-6) showed the highest activity in the inhibition of protein synthesis (98%) in an in vitro translation study. An immunotoxin (IT) was prepared from SAP-6 conjugated to a monoclonal anti-CEA antibody 26/5/1 (mab B) using N-succinimidyl pyridyl dithiopropionate (SPDP) and 2-iminothiolane as a cross linker. Under thermal stability study by a DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), the IT showed a denature temperature of 75 degrees C. In in vitro translation studies, the purified IT showed the same activity as SAP-6 at 10(-7) M and 10(-9) M protein concentration at 0, 30 and 60-min incubation effects with mab B and SAP-6 not conjugated at 24-hr incubation periods on human promyelocytic cell line HL 60 and on human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines which were SW 403, LoVo and LS 174 T. SAP-6, mab B and IT had no cytotoxic effect on HL-60. The IT showed a higher cytotoxic effect than SAP-6 in CEA-positive cell lines. The IT demonstrated the highest cytotoxic effect of 51% inhibition of control at 10(-7) M on the LS 174 T.