gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterization of Bidimensional Zeolitic Structures Obtained from Synthetic Beidellite and Hydroxy-Aluminum Solutions (1987)

Abstract Beidellite was synthesized hydrothermally from a noncrystalline gel at 320°C and 130 bar pressure. The beidellitic character of the product was verified by infrared spectroscopy on the NH 4 + -exchanged form. Intercalation was achieved with hydroxy-aluminum solutions having different OH/Al molar ratios. The solutions were investigated by several methods, including 27 Al nuclear magnetic resonance. Essentially, two Al species were detected: monomelic Al and a polymerized form containing Al in four-fold coordination. This latter species was found to be selectively fixed in the interlamellar region, which resulted in a stable spacing of 18 Å at 110°C and 16.2 Å at 700°C. The pillared beidellites had specific surface areas of > 300 m 2 /g, mainly due to micropores. Both Brönsted and Lewis acid sites were evidenced by infrared spectroscopy using pyridine as a probe molecule.
Use of a Ni60Ti shape memory alloy for active jet engine chevron application: I. Thermomechanical characterization (2009)

A shape memory alloy (SMA) with a composition of Ni60Ti40 (wt%) was chosen for the fabrication of active beam elements intended for use as cyclic actuators and incorporated into a morphing aerospace structure. The active structure is a variable-geometry chevron (VGC) designed to reduce jet engine noise in the take-off flight regime while maintaining efficiency in the cruise regime. This two-part work addresses the training, characterization and derived material properties of the new nickel-rich composition, the assessment of the actuation properties of the active beam actuator and the accurate analysis of the VGC and its subcomponents using a model calibrated from the material characterization.
Fostering Mainstream Financial Access: WWW.Chicagofed.Org/unbanked/ (2001)

Nonbank activities; Nonbank financial institutions
Immunogenicity and amplifier cell production by tumor vaccines enhanced by concanavalin A. (1982)

The induction of immune resistance to L1210 murine leukemia by 3 types of L1210 vaccines was compared under conditions in which in vitro cell proliferation and transplantability to mice were completely suppressed. L1210 cells treated with glutaraldehyde plus concanavalin A (ConA) were more potent in inducing antitumor immunity than those treated with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase or mitomycin C (MMC). This and the finding that cell-bound ConA enhanced the immunogenic potency of MMC- or formaldehyde-treated L1210 vaccines indicate that ConA endowed the cells with additional potency in inducing antitumor immunity. ConA-free and ConA-bound vaccine cells took up the same amount of anti-L1210 antibody, suggesting that cell-bound ConA did not increase tumor-associated antigen molecules on the tumor cell surface. However, adoptively transferred spleen cells of mice sensitized with ConA-bound, but not ConA-free, vaccine amplified the vaccine-induced antitumor immunity in the recipients. These donor spleen cells suppressed the in vitro proliferation of live L1210 cells no more than non-primed spleen cells, nor was their amplifying activity abrogated by treatment with anti-Lyt-2.1 antibody and rabbit sera as a source of complement. This indicated that cytotoxic T cells and/or their precursors were not involved in the observed amplification. This as well as the finding that their amplifying activity was completely abrogated by treatment with rabbit anti-mouse brain-associated T cell antigen antisera and rabbit sera as a source of complement, led us to conclude that amplifier T cell production, associated with vaccine-bound ConA, was responsible for the enhanced immunogenic potency of ConA-bound vaccines.
Memory‐related neural systems in Alzheimer's disease (1990)

In the primate brain, there are strong connections among the entorhinal cortex, the hippocampal formation, and the amygdala, 3 structures of the ventromedial temporal lobe that are related to memory function. Because memory impairment is a central feature of Alzheimer's disease, we examined the probable cells of origin and terminal zones of these connections in the brains of humans affected by the disease, using thioflavine S, Alz-50, and anti-A4 amyloid protein immunocytochemistry. Specific cytoarchitectural areas and lamina that give rise to projections from the entorhinal cortex, the hippocampal formation, and the amygdala consistently contained neurofibrillary tangles. The terminal zones of many of these projections contained neuritic plaques, Alz-50-positive neuritic alterations, and A4 deposition. Other cytoarchitectural areas and lamina, sometimes immediately adjacent, were consistently spared from these Alzheimer changes. This pattern of Alzheimer-related alterations would disrupt projections among the entorhinal cortex, hippocampal formation, and amygdala at multiple sites, and also disrupt projections between these structures and cortical and subcortical targets. In functional terms, this pattern of structural damage is likely to be as devastating as bilateral destruction of the ventromedial temporal lobe, and thus contribute substantially to the memory disorder seen in this condition.
Strength advantages of chemically polished boron fibers before and after reaction with aluminum (1982)

In order to determine their strength potential, the fracture properties of different types of commercial boron fibers were measured before and after application of secondary strengthening treatments. The principal treatments employed were a slight chemical polish, which removed low strength surface flaws, and a heat treatment in oxygen, which contracted the fibers and thereby compressed intrinsic bulk flaws. Those fiber types most significantly strengthened were 200 to 400 micrometers (8 to 16 mil) diameter boron on tungsten fibers produced in a single chemical vapor deposition reactor. The slight polish increased average tensile strenghts from 3.4 to 4.4 CN/m2 (500 to 640 ksi) and reduced coefficients of variation from about 15 to 3 percent. The oxygen heat treatment plus slight polish further improved average strengths to 5.5 GN/m2 (800 ksi) with coefficients near 3 percent. To ascertain whether these excellent properties could be retained after fabrication of B/Al composites, as produced and polished 203 micrometers (8 mil) fibers were thinly coated with aluminum, heat treated at B/Al fabrication temperatures, and then tested in tension and flexure at room temperature. The pre-polished fibers were observed to retain their superior strengths to higher temperatures than the as-produced fibers even though both were subjected to the same detrimental reaction with aluminum.
A Review of Cognitive Training in Schizophrenia (2003)

Empirically supported treatments for schizophrenia now include a variety of psychosocial interventions, such as social skills training, vocational rehabilitation, and psychotherapy. As awareness of the functional importance of neurocognitive impairments in schizophrenia has increased, interest in treatments to improve cognition has grown. We review the literature on cognitive training (CT), which has been studied in 17 published randomized, controlled trials to date. The differential effectiveness of noncomputerized and computer-assisted interventions, with and without strategy coaching, and an environmental adaptation intervention, is examined. We conclude that the different types of approaches, whether computer assisted or not, all have effective components that hold promise for improving cognitive performance, symptoms, and everyday functioning. Our recommendations for further research, including the use of functional outcome measures and long-term followup, highlight the importance of improving ecological validity in this area of treatment research.
Optical polarization of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>13</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>nuclei in diamond through nitrogen vacancy centers (2010)

We determine the polarization of the bulk $^{13}\text{C}$ nuclear-spin system in diamond produced by interaction with optically oriented nitrogen vacancy (NV) defect centers. $^{13}\text{C}$ nuclei are polarized into the higher-energy Zeeman state with a bulk-average polarization up to 5.2%, although local polarization may be higher. The kinetics of polarization are temperature independent and occur within 5 min. Fluctuations in the dipolar field of the NV-center spin bath are identified as the mechanism by which nuclear-spin transitions are induced near defect centers. Polarization is then transported to the bulk material via spin diffusion, which accounts for the observed kinetics of polarization. These results indicate control over the nuclear-spin bath, a methodology to study dynamics of an NV-center ensemble, and application to sensitivity-enhanced NMR.
Comparing keywords and taxonomies in the representation of users profiles in a content-based recommender system (2008)

This work investigates the use of keywords and classes to represent user's profiles in order to improve a content-based recommender system. The techniques were implemented and tested in a recommender system for a website that gathers commercial ads. Ads are posted by individuals and contain a title and a textual description. Profiles are created and maintained through the analysis of ads seen by the user during a certain period of time and may be represented by classes, keywords or both kinds. Keywords are automatically extracted from the textual description of the ads. Classes come from a taxonomy defined by the website. Ads must be posted within a leaf class of the taxonomy. The items to be recommended are ads containing keywords associated to the user in his/her profile and/or ads classified in the leaf-classes present in the user's profile. The paper demonstrates that the combination of both techniques (keywords and classes) outperforms the use of each one separately.
Post Whiplash Dystonia Well Controlled by Transcutaneous Electrical Nervous Stimulation (TENS) (1990)

It has been established that peripheral trauma can cause focal and generalized dystonias, which may be difficult to treat. The case presented of a 28-year-old with post whiplash focal dystonia shows that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may be a useful treatment in the early management of focal dystonias which fail to respond to conventional therapy.
Chemical and enzymatic fractionation of cell walls from Fucales: insights into the structure of the extracellular matrix of brown algae (2014)

The data provide a global snapshot of the cell wall architecture in brown algae, and contribute to the understanding of the structure-function relationships of the main cell wall components. Enzymatic cross-linking of alginates by phenols may regulate the strengthening of the wall, and sulfated polysaccharides may play a key role in the adaptation to osmotic stress. The emergence and evolution of ECM components is further discussed in relation to the evolution of multicellularity in brown algae.
The synthesis and properties of liquid crystal elastomers (1986)

Liquid crystal elastomers have been synthesised in which up to 10 mol% of cross-link units may be introduced without completely disrupting the nematic liquid crystal phase, although the introduction of cross-linking has a marked effect upon the temperatures of the phase transitions.
Dissolving Behavior of Tungsten Carbide in Surface Welded Using Flux-Cored Wire (2012)

Abstract The iron-matrix WC wearable composite reinforced with Tungsten Carbide (WC) particles was prepared by the method of flux-cored wire TIG welding. The microstructure and component of the hardfacing layer were investigated. The results indicate that the WC particles have been dissolved, but their shapes were not changed. The reaction and diffusion between WC and iron lead to form low melting point compound, which may be the main reason of the dissolving of WC grains in iron. Melting mode of the flux-cored wire and melting input heat affect the dissolving of WC grains. The small current TIG welding may reduce the dissolving of WC grains. The primary influences factor may be the being time and temperature of welding poor, and that affect elements diffusion accordingly. The elements diffusion affects the strength of the substrate directly. Seeking the best corresponding relation between the dissolving of WC and the substrate strength is the key to increase the wear resistance of the surface welded coating.
A high-temperature and high-field nuclear magnetic resonance instrument (1979)

In the course of constructing an apparatus suitable for studies of nuclear magnetic resonance at high temperatures and high fields we developed a furnace with a new heating element which has been applied for the first time to NMR studies. The furnace can work in a 8-T field of a superconducting magnet system at temperatures up to 2200 K. Because of its geometrical form the heating element does not cause any measurable disturbing magnetic fields resulting from the heating current, and has many advantages compared to conventional heating elements. The temperature at which, up to this moment, we could observe NMR in external fields of 8 T amounts to 1200 K. The specifically adapted NMR probe works at radio frequencies up to 50 MHz. With this apparatus we carried out measurements of the magnitude, sign, and temperature dependence of the Knight shift of Mo in molybdenum metal.
AITP - Research and Strategy Advisory Group (2008)

provides many benefits - greater efficiency in CPU utilization, greener IT with less power consumption, better management through central environment control, more availability, reduced project timelines by eliminating hardware procurement, improved disaster recovery capability, more central control of the desktop, and improved outsourcing services. With these benefits, it is no wonder that virtualization has had a meteoric rise to the 2008 Top 10 IT Projects! This white paper presents a brief look at virtualization, its benefits and weaknesses, and today's best practices regarding virtualization. The Association of Information Technology Professionals (AITP) recommends these best practices to obtain the benefits that virtualization offers. Copyright 2008, Association of Information Technology Professionals. Permission to copy for personal non-commercial use granted. When the paper is referenced or quoted, direct the reader to www.aitp.org.
Studies upon α-trifluoromethylacrylic acid, α-trifluoromethylpropionic acid, and some derived compounds (1954)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Optimal filtering and quality control of the signal-averaged ECG. High-fidelity 1-minute recordings. (1995)

The optimally filtered 64-beat SAECG achieves a performance (equivalent noise reduction, signal definition, and mathematically predicted sensitivity for VT) similar to a 0.3-microV RMS noise endpoint average. Testing in a large clinical database is required to validate the method for routine clinical use. SAECGs terminated by use of different noise measurement techniques are not directly comparable because of measurement technique dependence. However, a formula is presented for comparison of statistics between studies that have used the most popular noise measurement techniques.
Liquid Chromatography/Electrochemistry : Thin-Layer Multiple Electrode Detection (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid Chromatography/Electrochemistry : Thin-Layer Multiple Electrode DetectionDaryl A. Roston, Ronald E. Shoup, and Peter T. KissingerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 13, 1417A–1434APublication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online29 May 2012Published inissue 1 November 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00250a767RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Visualization of a Ran-GTP Gradient in Interphase and Mitotic <i>Xenopus</i> Egg Extracts (2002)

The small guanosine triphosphatase Ran is loaded with guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and releases import cargoes in the nucleus during interphase. In mitosis, Ran-GTP promotes spindle assembly around chromosomes by locally discharging cargoes that regulate microtubule dynamics and organization. We used fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensors to visualize gradients of Ran-GTP and liberated cargoes around chromosomes in mitotic Xenopus egg extracts. Both gradients were required to assemble and maintain spindle structure. During interphase, Ran-GTP was highly enriched in the nucleoplasm, and a steep concentration difference between nuclear and cytoplasmic Ran-GTP was established, providing evidence for a Ran-GTP gradient surrounding chromosomes throughout the cell cycle.
Analysis of islet inflammation in human type 1 diabetes (2008)

The immunopathology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has proved difficult to study in man because of the limited availability of appropriate samples, but we now report a detailed study charting the evolution of insulitis in human T1D. Pancreas samples removed post-mortem from 29 patients (mean age 11.7 years) with recent-onset T1D were analysed by immunohistochemistry. The cell types constituting the inflammatory infiltrate within islets (insulitis) were determined in parallel with islet insulin content. CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells were the most abundant population during insulitis. Macrophages (CD68(+)) were also present during both early and later insulitis, although in fewer numbers. CD20(+) cells were present in only small numbers in early insulitis but were recruited to islets as beta cell death progressed. CD138(+) plasma cells were infrequent at all stages of insulitis. CD4(+) cells were present in the islet infiltrate in all patients but were less abundant than CD8(+) or CD68(+) cells. Forkhead box protein P3(+) regulatory T cells were detected in the islets of only a single patient. Natural killer cells were detected rarely, even in heavily inflamed islets. The results suggest a defined sequence of immune cell recruitment in human T1D. They imply that both CD8(+) cytotoxic cells and macrophages may contribute to beta cell death during early insulitis. CD20(+) cells are recruited in greatest numbers during late insulitis, suggesting an increasing role for these cells as insulitis develops. Natural killer cells and forkhead box protein P3(+) T cells do not appear to be required for beta cell death.
Induction of heat shock proteins in B-cell exosomes (2005)

Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles secreted by a diverse range of live cells that probably have physiological roles in modulating cellular immunity. The extracellular factors that regulate the quantity and phenotype of exosomes produced are poorly understood, and the properties of exosomes that dictate their immune functions are not yet clear. We investigated the effect of cellular stress on the exosomes produced by B-lymphoblastoid cell lines. Under steady-state conditions, the exosomes were positive for hsp27, hsc70, hsp70 and hsp90, and other recognised exosome markers such as MHC class I, CD81, and LAMP-2. Exposing cells to heat stress (42 degrees C for up to 3 hours), resulted in a marked increase in these heat shock proteins (hsps), while the expression of other stress proteins such as hsp60 and gp96 remained negative, and other exosome markers remained unchanged. Stress also triggered a small increase in the quantity of exosomes produced [with a ratio of 1.245+/-0.07 to 1 (mean+/-s.e.m., n=20) of 3-hour-stress-exosomes to control-exosomes]. Flow-cytometric analysis of exosome-coated beads and immuno-precipitation of intact exosomes demonstrated that hsps were located within the exosome lumen, and not present at the exosome-surface, suggesting that such exosomes may not interact with target cells through cell-surface hsp-receptors. Functional studies further supported this finding, in that exosomes from control or heat-stressed B cells did not trigger dendritic cell maturation, assessed by analysis of dendritic-cell-surface phenotype, and cytokine secretion profile. Our findings demonstrate that specific alterations in exosome phenotype are a hitherto unknown component of the cellular response to environmental stress and their extracellular function does not involve the direct activation of dendritic cells.
Application of virtual storage to switching systems-an implementation of CTRON kernel on a general-purpose microprocessor (2003)

CTRON interface specifications, which assume a two-layer operating system (OS) configuration, are designed to improve software portability, including that of OS components. The authors are studying implementation of CTRON on a general-purpose microprocessor with a virtual storage architecture, for introduction to switching systems in an information communication network. They describe the design concepts of the CTRON kernel, which is the lower OS. It has shown that the kernel can be adapted to a variety of system configurations and that it can take advantage of virtual storage while assuring real-time performance. Moreover, it is found to be a practical approach to locating a number of application programs in the same logical space and running all tasks executing those programs in that space when applying virtual storage to the switching processing field.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electric control of superconducting transition through a spin-orbit coupled interface. (2016)

We demonstrate theoretically all-electric control of the superconducting transition temperature using a device comprised of a conventional superconductor, a ferromagnetic insulator, and semiconducting layers with intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. By using analytical calculations and numerical simulations, we show that the transition temperature of such a device can be controlled by electric gating which alters the ratio of Rashba to Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. The results offer a new pathway to control superconductivity in spintronic devices.