gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sinus Floor Augmentation With Simultaneous Implant Placement in the Severely Atrophic Maxilla (1998)

Dental implant placement associated with augmentation of the sinus floor in the severely atrophic maxilla can be performed in 1- or 2-surgical stages, depending on the height of the residual alveolar bone. A minimum of 4 to 5 mm of residual alveolar bone height is recommended for a 1-stage surgical procedure. The present study describes a 1-stage procedure in cases where the residual alveolar bone height in the posterior maxilla was 1 to 2 mm. A total of 55 hydroxyapatite-coated dental implants were inserted in 20 grafted sinuses of 20 patients. No case presented any difficulty in achieving initial stabilization and parallelism. No perforation of the sinus membrane or clinical complications of the sinuses were evident. Prior to exposure, radiographic evaluation revealed bone consolidation and a close bone-implant relation. At second-stage surgery, there was no clinical evidence of crestal bone loss around the implants. All implants were clinically osseointegrated. All patients received fixed implant-supported prosthesis. The mean follow-up was 26.4 months (range 15 to 39 months). There was no implant loss after loading. The following surgical modifications are essential: a wide lateral window opening, the use of a bone mill to homogenize the bone graft, meticulous condensation, and clinical measurements to ensure implant parallelism.
Neural Induction in Xenopus: Requirement for Ectodermal and Endomesodermal Signals via Chordin, Noggin, β-Catenin, and Cerberus (2004)

The origin of the signals that induce the differentiation of the central nervous system (CNS) is a long-standing question in vertebrate embryology. Here we show that Xenopus neural induction starts earlier than previously thought, at the blastula stage, and requires the combined activity of two distinct signaling centers. One is the well-known Nieuwkoop center, located in dorsal-vegetal cells, which expresses Nodal-related endomesodermal inducers. The other is a blastula Chordin- and Noggin-expressing (BCNE) center located in dorsal animal cells that contains both prospective neuroectoderm and Spemann organizer precursor cells. Both centers are downstream of the early beta-Catenin signal. Molecular analyses demonstrated that the BCNE center was distinct from the Nieuwkoop center, and that the Nieuwkoop center expressed the secreted protein Cerberus (Cer). We found that explanted blastula dorsal animal cap cells that have not yet contacted a mesodermal substratum can, when cultured in saline solution, express definitive neural markers and differentiate histologically into CNS tissue. Transplantation experiments showed that the BCNE region was required for brain formation, even though it lacked CNS-inducing activity when transplanted ventrally. Cell-lineage studies demonstrated that BCNE cells give rise to a large part of the brain and retina and, in more posterior regions of the embryo, to floor plate and notochord. Loss-of-function experiments with antisense morpholino oligos (MO) showed that the CNS that forms in mesoderm-less Xenopus embryos (generated by injection with Cerberus-Short [CerS] mRNA) required Chordin (Chd), Noggin (Nog), and their upstream regulator beta-Catenin. When mesoderm involution was prevented in dorsal marginal-zone explants, the anterior neural tissue formed in ectoderm was derived from BCNE cells and had a complete requirement for Chd. By injecting Chd morpholino oligos (Chd-MO) into prospective neuroectoderm and Cerberus morpholino oligos (Cer-MO) into prospective endomesoderm at the 8-cell stage, we showed that both layers cooperate in CNS formation. The results suggest a model for neural induction in Xenopus in which an early blastula beta-Catenin signal predisposes the prospective neuroectoderm to neural induction by endomesodermal signals emanating from Spemann's organizer.
The squamous cell carcinoma antigens as relevant biomarkers of atopic dermatitis (2005)

Summary Background Although it is thought that both Th1‐ and Th2‐type inflammations are involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), it is controversial which immune response is more involved in regulating the clinical severity of AD. We recently found that the squamous cell carcinoma antigens 1 (SCCA1) and SCCA2 are novel biomarkers of bronchial asthma, downstream of IL‐4 and IL‐13. Objective We examined whether SCCA1 and SCCA2 could also serve as biomarkers of AD, reflecting its Th2‐type immune responses, and whether the expression level of SCCA was correlated with clinical severity of AD. Method We compared the expression of SCCA1 and SCCA2 at the mRNA and protein levels in both involved and uninvolved skin of AD patients and in normal control skin. We next analysed induction of SCCA by IL‐4 or IL‐13 in keratinocytes. Finally, we compared the serum level of SCCA with laboratory parameters reflecting Th2‐type inflammation and clinical severity in AD patients. Results SCCA1 and SCCA2 were highly expressed in involved skin of AD patients, compared with their uninvolved skin, at both mRNA and protein levels. SCCA protein was dominantly expressed in suprabasal keratinocytes in the epidermis of AD patients. Either IL‐4 or IL‐13, but not IFN‐γ or TNF, induced production of SCCA in keratinocytes. These result suggest that SCCA is induced in AD skin, probably due to direct actions of IL‐4 and/or IL‐13 on keratinocytes. Serum levels of SCCA were well correlated with eosinophil numbers and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, and weakly with serum IgE levels, in AD patients. Furthermore, serum levels of SCCA were strongly correlated with clinical severity. Conclusions Th2‐type inflammation dominantly regulates the clinical severity of AD, and SCCA is a relevant biomarker of AD, reflecting both Th2‐type inflammation and clinical severity.
Developing a forward collision warning system simulation (2002)

This research project was conducted to develop an engineering tool to evaluate technical and functional specifications of a forward looking automotive radar sensor and threat assessment algorithms for forward collision warning system development. The tool consists of three major components: 1) an interactive driving simulator, 2) a radar sensor simulator and 3) a threat assessment evaluation subsystem. The complete system structure is defined and the interface among the major components is established.
Clinical significance of ZAP-70 protein expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2006)

The clinical course of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is variable, and novel biologic parameters need to be added to the clinical staging systems to predict an indolent or aggressive outcome. We investigated the 70-kDa zeta-associated protein (ZAP-70), CD38, soluble CD23 (sCD23), and cytogenetics in 289 patients with B-CLL. Both a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed in ZAP-70(+) (P < .001), in CD38(+) (P < .001) and in sCD23(+) patients (P < .001 and P = .013, respectively). ZAP-70(+)CD38(+) or ZAP-70(+) patients with an unmutated IgV(H) status showed both a shorter PFS (P < .001) and OS (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively) as compared with ZAP-70(-)/CD38(-) or ZAP-70(-) patients with mutated IgV(H) genes. Discordant patients showed an intermediate outcome. Note, ZAP-70(+) patients even if CD38(-) or mutated showed a shorter PFS, whereas ZAP-70(-) patients even if CD38(+) or unmutated had a longer PFS. Furthermore, ZAP-70 positivity was associated with a shorter PFS both within normal karyotype (P < .001) and within the poor-risk cytogenetic subset (P = .02). The predictive value of ZAP-70 expression was confirmed in multivariate analysis. Thus, ZAP-70 protein determined by flow cytometry improves the prognostic significance of cytogenetics and appears to be a better predictor of outcomes than IgV(H) gene mutational status. On this line, we recommend and are also interested in conducting a prospective randomized trial of early intervention versus observation for ZAP-70(+) patients.
ESD considerations for SOI switch design (2011)

This paper proposes a solution that employs transistor self-conduction and circuit design techniques to improve ESD performance for SOI RF switch applications. The primary limitations and challenges in the ESD design for SOI technology are discussed. The solution enables the switch to pass 8kV IEC as well as typical HBM standards.
<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Blepharitis in a Patient with Vancomycin Induced Neutropenia (1995)

A patient who developed a necrotizing pseudomonas blepharitis as a complication of drug induced neutropenia is reported. Although the patient's neutrophil count recovered and he survived his infection, radical reconstructive surgery of his eyelids was required. Clinicians should keep in mind that in patients with predisposing risk factors, even commonly encountered infections such as blepharoconjunctivitis may be caused by atypical pathogens.
A fast parasitic extractor based on low-rank multilevel matrix compression for conductor and dielectric modeling in microelectronics and MEMS (2004)

Parasitic parameter extraction is a crucial issue in Integrated Circuit design. Integral equation based solvers, which guarantee high accuracy, suffer from a time and memory bottleneck arising from the dense matrices generated. .
The Polled Locus Maps to BTA1 in a Bos indicus x Bos taurus Cross (1996)

Two hundred and nine reciprocal backcross and F2 progeny produced by embryo transfer from Angus (Bos taurus) and Brahman (Bos indicus) parents and their 60 parents and grandparents were utilized to localize the locus (POLL) responsible for the polled phenotype in a genetic map of bovine chromosome 1. Progeny were scored for polled, scurred, and horned phenotypes at 1 year of age and again following skull disection at slaughter at 20 months of age. Phenotype frequencies were independent of gender. One hundred and forty-two informative meioses for POLL and 13 microsatellite loci with an average of 267 informative meioses per locus contributed to a genetic map spanning 124.6 cM with an average interval of 9.6 cM. POLL mapped proximal to the centromere and 4.9 cM from TGLA49 supporting a previous study that employed two anonymous microsatellites. Difficulties in discriminating between scurred and horned phenotypes indicate that bracketing markers will be essential for refining the model for inheritance of the horned, scurred, and polled phenotypes and for effective marker assisted selection (MAS) for polled.
Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Refined Edible Oils: A Review on Formation, Occurrence, Analysis, and Elimination Methods (2017)

Glycidyl fatty acid esters (GEs), one of the main contaminants in processed oils, are mainly formed during the deodorization step in the refining process of edible oils and therefore occur in almost all refined edible oils. GEs are potential carcinogens, due to the fact that they readily hydrolyze into the free form glycidol in the gastrointestinal tract, which has been found to induce tumors in various rat tissues. Furthermore, glycidol has already been identified as a "possible human carcinogen'' (group 2A) by the Intl. Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Therefore, significant effort has been devoted to inhibit and eliminate the formation of GEs. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary on the following topics: (i) GE occurrence data for different edible oils and oil-based food products, (ii) precursors of GEs, (iii) factors influencing the formation of GEs, (iv) potential reaction mechanisms involving the leaving group and reaction intermediates, and (v) analytical methods, including the indirect and direct methods. More importantly, the various elimination methods for GEs in refined edible oils are being reviewed with focus on 3 aspects: (i) inhibition and removal of reactants, (ii) modification of reactive conditions, and (iii) elimination of GE products.
Security as a Service in Cloud for Smartphones (2011)

Smartphone usage has been continuously growing in recent times. Smartphones offer Personal Computer (PC) functionality to the end user, hence they are vulnerable to the same sorts of security threats as desktop computers. Cloud computing is a new computing paradigm and a breakthrough technology of recent times. Its growing popularity can be attributed to its ability to transform computing to a utility, scalability, and cost effectiveness. More and more services are predicted to be offered in the cloud in the near future.Due to the resource constraints of smartphones, security services in the form of a cloud offering seems to be a natural fit (as the services could be provided in a very scalable form in the cloud while off-loading the smartphone).This project proposes a generic architecture for providing security services in the cloud for smartphones. To enable the design of this architecture, it is essential to analyze and identify possible security solutions that could be provided as a cloud service to the smartphone. Security requirements of smartphones have been analysed considering the various infection channels for smartphones, attacks and threats encountered in a smartphone environment, smartphone usage scenarios and the smartphone‟s limitations. Next, the security functions that must be implemented in the smartphone to overcome these threats are identified. Furthermore, a review of the existing architectures for mobile computing are presented and their security issues are examined.A detailed study of the analysed results has been used to build the architecture for offering security services to smartphones in the cloud, targeted use case scenario being the usage in a corporate environment. The functions to be handled by each of the components of the architecture have been specified. Furthermore, the proposed architecture has been examined to prove its feasibility by analysing it in terms of its security aspects, scalability and flexibility. Additionally, experiments to understand the performance enhancement by offering security services in the cloud for smartphones have been performed. This has been done by measuring the resource consumption of anti-virus software in a smartphone and performing the same measurement in an emulated smartphone in the cloud.
Air- and Water-Stable Catalysts for Hydroamination/Cyclization. Synthesis and Application of CCC−NHC Pincer Complexes of Rh and Ir (2008)

The scope of CCC-NHC pincer complex synthetic methodology by metalation/transmetalation has been extended to Ir. Structural characterization revealed that it is isomorphous with the Rh complex. Both Rh and Ir complexes are efficient catalysts for the hydroamination/cyclization of secondary amines in the presence of air and/or water.
Afterdischarge activity in neuropathic patients with frequent muscle cramps (2000)

Since the afterdischarges following F-waves have been considered to be the result of a hyperactive "bistable" state of alfa-motor neurons, our findings are indicative of an impairment of motor neuron excitability. Thus, it is hypothesizable that either peripheral and central mechanisms may together contribute in producing muscle cramps.
Elution−Extrusion Countercurrent Chromatography. Use of the Liquid Nature of the Stationary Phase To Extend the Hydrophobicity Window (2003)

Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is a liquid chromatography technique with a liquid stationary phase. Taking advantage of the liquid nature of the stationary phase, it is possible to perform unique operations not possible in classical liquid chromatography with a solid stationary phase. It is easy to avoid any solute-irreversible absorption in the CCC column. If the retention volumes of solutes become too high, the dual mode will be used. The roles of the phases are reversed. The stationary phase becomes the mobile phase, and the CCC column is started again. The solutes elute rapidly in what was previously the stationary phase. The theoretical basis of the dual-mode method is recalled. The dual-mode method is a discontinuous method. The separation should be stopped when the phase switch is performed. The elution-extrusion procedure is another way to avoid any irreversible adsorption of solutes in the column. The method uses the fact that the liquid volumes occupied by the solutes highly retained inside the column can be orders of magnitude lower than the mobile-phase volume that would be needed to elute them. The elution-extrusion method also has two steps: the first step is a regular CCC chromatogram. Next, the stationary phase containing the partially separated hydrophobic solutes is extruded out of the column in a continuous way using the liquid stationary phase. The theory of the process is developed and compared to the dual-mode theory. Alkylbenzene homologues are experimentally used as model compounds with the heptane/methanol/water biphasic liquid system to establish the theoretical treatment and compare the performance of two types, hydrodynamic and hydrostatic, of CCC columns. It is shown that the method can dramatically boost the separation power of the CCC technique. An apparent efficiency higher than 20 000 plates was obtained for extruded octylbenzene and a 160-mL hydrodynamic CCC column with less than 500 plates when conventionally used.
Antitumor Effects of Photodynamic Therapy Are Potentiated by 2-Methoxyestradiol (2002)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a promising therapeutic modality for the management of solid tumors, is a two-phase treatment consisting of a photosensitizer and visible light. Increasing evidence indicates that tumor cells in regions exposed to sublethal doses of PDT can respond by rescue responses that lead to insufficient cell death. We decided to examine the role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in the effectiveness of PDT and to investigate whether 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE(2)), an inhibitor of SODs, is capable of potentiating the antitumor effects of this treatment regimen. In the initial experiment we observed that PDT induced the expression of MnSOD but not Cu,Zn-SOD in cancer cells. Pretreatment of cancer cells with a cell-permeable SOD mimetic, Mn(II)-tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride, and transient transfection with the MnSOD gene resulted in a decreased effectiveness of PDT. Inhibition of SOD activity in tumor cells by preincubation with 2-MeOE(2) produced synergistic antitumor effects when combined with PDT in 3 murine and 5 human tumor cell lines. The combination treatment was also effective in vivo producing retardation of the tumor growth and prolongation of the survival of tumor-bearing mice. We conclude that inhibition of MnSOD activity by 2-MeOE(2) is an effective treatment modality capable of potentiating the antitumor effectiveness of PDT.
Fresnel Coherent Diffractive Imaging (2006)

We present an x-ray coherent diffractive imaging experiment utilizing a nonplanar incident wave and demonstrate success by reconstructing a nonperiodic gold sample at 24 nm resolution. Favorable effects of the curved beam illumination are identified.
Embryonic Beginnings of Definitive Hematopoietic Stem Cells (1999)

The ability of the many cell types within the adult blood system to be constantly replenished and renewed from hematopoietic stem cells is an interesting problem in development and differentiation and has led to questions concerning how, when and where these stem cells for the adult hematopoietic system are generated within the embryo. During embryonic development many mature hematopoietic cells appear before adult-type hematopoietic stem cells thus the notion of a conventional hematopoietic hierarchy is challenged. Experiments probing the development of hematopoietic stem cells in the mouse embryo strongly suggest that at least two independent hematopoietic sites generate blood cells during development; the yolk sac, which produces the transient embryonic hematopoietic system, and the AGM (aorta-gonad-mesonephros) region, which initiates the long-lived adult hematopoietic system.
Synthesis and Structural Properties of Zeolitic Nanocrystals II: FAU-Type Zeolites (2009)

FAU(Y)-type zeolite nanocrystals with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of about 3.4 were synthesized at 95 °C under autoclave pressure from clear solutions of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), aluminum isopropoxide, tetramethyl ammonium bromide (TMABr) as a second source of organic template, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source. Formation of low-dimensional zeolitic crystallites (20−30 nm diameter) was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) as a function of reaction time; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (with KBr and pyridine), 27Al and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize structural and textural features of the zeolite nanocrystals. The cell parameters and crystallite size were obtained by Rietveld's method. Also, the inner crystallite structure was studied by high-resolution electron microscopy images using the kinematical approach (Cerius2), and the physicochemical properties of the zeolitic nanocrystallites were compared with macroscopic FAU-type crystals. The external shape of the nanocrystals was cubic, and the unit cell parameter a was equal to 24.74 Å with mean crystallite sizes of about 22.3 nm.
Site‐Selective Late‐Stage Aromatic [<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorination via Aryl Sulfonium Salts (2019)

Site-selective functionalization of C-H bonds in small complex molecules is a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry. Herein, we report a broadly applicable and site-selective aromatic C-H dibenzothiophenylation reaction. The conceptual advantage of this transformation is further demonstrated through the two-step C-H [<sup>18</sup> F]fluorination of a series of marketed small-molecule drugs.
The fusion kinase ITK-SYK mimics a T cell receptor signal and drives oncogenesis in conditional mouse models of peripheral T cell lymphoma (2010)

Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are highly aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis. Their molecular pathogenesis is not well understood and small animal models for the disease are lacking. Recently, the chromosomal translocation t(5;9)(q33;q22) generating the interleukin-2 (IL-2)-inducible T cell kinase (ITK)-spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) fusion tyrosine kinase was identified as a recurrent event in PTCL. We show that ITK-SYK associates constitutively with lipid rafts in T cells and triggers antigen-independent phosphorylation of T cell receptor (TCR)-proximal proteins. These events lead to activation of downstream pathways and acute cellular outcomes that correspond to regular TCR ligation, including up-regulation of CD69 or production of IL-2 in vitro or deletion of thymocytes and activation of peripheral T cells in vivo. Ultimately, conditional expression of patient-derived ITK-SYK in mice induces highly malignant PTCLs with 100% penetrance that resemble the human disease. Our work demonstrates that constitutively enforced antigen receptor signaling can, in principle, act as a powerful oncogenic driver. Moreover, we establish a robust clinically relevant and genetically tractable model of human PTCL.
Mise en oeuvre du droit et politique d'aménagement du territoire au niveau local (1991)

Keywords: Planification spatiale et urbanisme Note: 239/CEAT Reference CEAT-CHAPTER-1991-001 Record created on 2009-05-06, modified on 2016-08-08
Design of a Micro Heat Engine (2000)

Abstract The design for a totally new class of heat engine, a micro heat engine, which takes advantage of thermophysical phenomena unique to small scales, is introduced. The proposed engine is an external combustion engine, in which thermal power is converted to mechanical power through the use of a novel thermodynamic cycle which approaches the ideal vapor Carnot cycle. Mechanical power is converted into electrical power through the use of a piezoelectric generator. The generator, which takes the form of a flexible membrane, can be readily manufactured using MEMS fabrication techniques but still delivers high conversion efficiency. This approach eliminates the requirement to manufacture complex micromachines such as rotary compressors and turbines, resulting in a very simple but highly efficient device.