gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elimination of Human Lung Cancer Stem Cells through Targeting of the Stem Cell Factor–c-kit Autocrine Signaling Loop (2009)

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation and tumor regeneration after chemotherapy. Previously, we showed that chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells lines can select for outgrowth of highly tumorigenic and metastatic CSCs. The high malignancy of lung CSCs was associated with an efficient cytokine network. In this study, we provide evidence that blocking stem cell factor (SCF)-c-kit signaling is sufficient to inhibit CSC proliferation and survival promoted by chemotherapy. CSCs were isolated from NSCLC cell lines as tumor spheres under CSC-selective conditions and their stem properties were confirmed. In contrast to other tumor cells, CSCs expressed c-kit receptors and produced SCF. Proliferation of CSCs was inhibited by SCF-neutralizing antibodies or by imatinib (Gleevec), an inhibitor of c-kit. Although cisplatin treatment eliminated the majority of tumor cells, it did not eliminate CSCs, whereas imatinib or anti-SCF antibody destroyed CSCs. Significantly, combining cisplatin with imatinib or anti-SCF antibody prevented the growth of both tumor cell subpopulations. Our findings reveal an important role for the SCF-c-kit signaling axis in self-renewal and proliferation of lung CSCs, and they suggest that SCF-c-kit signaling blockade could improve the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy of human NSCLC.
Mining data streams under block evolution (2002)

In this paper we survey recent work on incremental data mining model maintenance and change detection under block evolution. In block evolution, a dataset is updated periodically through insertions and deletions of blocks of records at a time. We describe two techniques: (1) We describe a generic algorithm for model maintenance that takes any traditional incremental data mining model maintenance algorithm and transforms it into an algorithm that allows restrictions on a temporal subset of the database. (2) We also describe a generic framework for change detection, that quantifies the difference between two datasets in terms of the data mining models they induce.
Liquid chromatography columns of microparticle Amberlite XAD-2 (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid chromatography columns of microparticle Amberlite XAD-2Robert G. Baum, Rolf. Saetre, and Frederick F. CantwellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 1, 15–19Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50051a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50051a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views349Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antileukemia Activity in the Oscillatoriaceae: Isolation of Debromoaplysiatoxin from <i>Lyngbya</i> (1977)

Chloroform extracts of several seaweeds, of the family Oscillatoriaceae, from Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands, display activity against P-388 lymphocytic mouse leukemia. A P-388 active compound, debromoaplysiatoxin, has been isolated from Lyngbya gracilis and characterized. This compound also has dermonecrotic activity and may be the dermatitis-producing substance in L. majuscula, the causative agent of "swimmers' itch" outbreaks in Hawaiian waters.
Effects of Fluoride on Matrix Proteins and Their Properties in Rat Secretory Enamel (1990)

This publication concerns the selective adsorption of rat enamel proteins onto hydroxyapatite, their solubility in aqueous solutions, and the effect that systemic fluoride has on these properties. The enamel proteins used as adsorbates were extracted in 0.5 mol/L acetic acid from the secretory enamel of the upper and lower incisors of SD rats (females, 200-220 g body weight). Equilibration of the proteins with hydroxyapatite was performed in two solutions: (i) 50 mmol/L acetate buffer at pH 6.0 and 0 degrees C, and (ii) 50 mmol/L Tris buffer containing 4 mol/L guanidine at pH 7.4 and room temperature. Enamel was dissected from animals, which were given either de-ionized water (control group) or water containing 25, 50, 75, or 100 ppm fluoride as NaF for four weeks. From these enamel samples, the proteins were extracted in sequence with 160 mmol/L NaCl and 3 mmol/L phosphate (pH 7.3), 50 mmol/L carbonate buffer (pH 10.8), and finally, with 0.5 mol/L acetic acid for dissolution of the enamel mineral. The F, Ca, and P contents of the various enamel samples were determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Development of Fuel Control System for More Electric Engine (2015)

This paper describes the experimental rig test result and an investigation into issues of system stability and pressure oscillation transmission in the MEE (More Electric Engine) fuel system. This system employs an electric motor-driven pump and directly meters the fuel flow based on the motor rotating speed. The MEE is a system architecture concept for the aircraft turbine engine that reduces fuel consumption and environmental load while improving safety, reliability and maintainability. The improvements were demonstrated by conducting a feasibility study of MEE system for small sized turbofan engine [5, 6]. The authors also conducted an experimental rig test showing capabilities in terms of fuel-metering range, accuracy and response [7]. The capability of the feedback loop control under the engine start condition was shown by the result, but meanwhile, pressure oscillation under the higher fuel flow condition was also observed. The authors repeated the rig test to investigate its root cause. This paper describes the study, which investigates the characteristics of the MEE fuel system and seeks stable control methods under conditions of higher pressure fluctuation, higher instrumentation noise or applying worn gear pump. The paper also describes the study of the pressure oscillation transmission from pump to engine combustor, which may damage the engine combustor and structures. As a result of these studies, a novel control method for the MEE fuel system is proposed, with improved oscillation stability.
Wideband LNA Compatible for Differential and Single-Ended Inputs (2009)

This letter presents a wideband low-noise amplifier (LNA) that supports both differential and single-ended inputs, while providing differential output. The LNA is implemented in 0.13 mum CMOS technology. For sub-1 GHz wideband applications, this LNA achieves 22.5 dB voltage gain, +1 dBm IIP3, and 2.5 dB NF in the differential receiving mode, while achieving 23 dB voltage gain, -0.5 dBm IIP3, and 2.65 dB NF in the single-ended receiving mode. The LNA core circuit draws 2.5 mA from 1.2 V supply voltage, and occupies a small chip area of 0.06 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A comprehensive evaluation of SAM, the SAM R-package and a simple modification to improve its performance (2007)

Our study shows that the most serious drawback of SAM is its poor estimation of FDR. Although this drawback has been corrected in sam2.20, the control of FDR by sam2.20 is still not satisfactory. The comparison between sam2.20 and the symmetric cutoff method reveals that the relative performance of sam2.20 to the symmetric cutff method depends on the ratio of induced to repressed genes in a microarray data, and is also affected by the ratio of DE to EE genes and the distributions of induced and repressed genes. Numerical simulations show that the symmetric cutoff method has the biggest advantage over sam2.20 when there are equal number of induced and repressed genes (i.e., the ratio of induced to repressed genes is 1). As the ratio of induced to repressed genes moves away from 1, the advantage of the symmetric cutoff method to sam2.20 is gradually diminishing until eventually sam2.20 becomes significantly better than the symmetric cutoff method when the differentially expressed (DE) genes are either all induced or all repressed genes. Simulation results also show that our proposed simple modification provides improved control of FDR for both sam2.20 and the symmetric cutoff method.
Three Dimensionally Ordered Mesoporous Carbon as a Stable, High‐Performance Li–O<sub>2</sub> Battery Cathode (2015)

Abstract Enabled by the reversible conversion between Li 2 O 2 and O 2 , Li–O 2 batteries promise theoretical gravimetric capacities significantly greater than Li‐ion batteries. The poor cycling performance, however, has greatly hindered the development of this technology. At the heart of the problem is the reactivity exhibited by the carbon cathode support under cell operation conditions. One strategy is to conceal the carbon surface from reactive intermediates. Herein, we show that long cyclability can be achieved on three dimensionally ordered mesoporous (3DOm) carbon by growing a thin layer of FeO x using atomic layer deposition (ALD). 3DOm carbon distinguishes itself from other carbon materials with well‐defined pore structures, providing a unique material to gain insight into processes key to the operations of Li–O 2 batteries. When decorated with Pd nanoparticle catalysts, the new cathode exhibits a capacity greater than 6000 mAh g carbon −1 and cyclability of more than 68 cycles.
Growth Suppression Induced by Downregulation of E6-AP Expression in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Cancer Cell Lines Depends on p53 (2005)

The ubiquitin-protein ligase E6-AP is utilized by the E6 oncoprotein of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) associated with cervical cancer to target the tumor suppressor p53 for degradation. Here, we report that downregulation of E6-AP expression by RNA interference results in both the accumulation of p53 and growth suppression of the HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa. In addition, HeLa cells, in which p53 expression was suppressed by RNA interference, are significantly less sensitive to the downregulation of E6-AP expression with respect to growth suppression than parental HeLa cells. These data indicate that the anti-growth-suppressive properties of E6-AP in HPV-positive cells depend on its ability to induce p53 degradation.
Construction of a dynamic load line (1980)

Discusses the load line of amplifiers. Most textbooks explain the meaning of the static load line (usually called the DC load line) rather clearly, but unfortunately the treatment of the dynamic load line is surprisingly brief in many standard texts. The author has given some additional physical insight to the AC (i.e. dynamic) load line concept from basic principles, and has reviewed the popular explanation of the load line concept.
Removal of Positive Ions by Electroosmoose Apparatus (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemoval of Positive Ions by Electroosmoose ApparatusEdward Barrow and Milo A. FryCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1933, 25, 3, 336–338Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50279a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50279a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Integration of On-Line Monitoring and Reconfiguration Functions using IEEE1149.4 Into a Safety Critical Automotive Electronic Control Unit (2005)

This paper presents an innovative application of IEEE 1149.4 and the integrated diagnostic reconfiguration (IDR) as tools for the implementation of an embedded test solution for an automotive electronic control unit, implemented as a fully integrated mixed signal system. The paper describes how the test architecture can be used for fault avoidance with results from a hardware prototype presented. The paper concludes that fault avoidance can be integrated into mixed signal electronic systems to handle key failure modes.
Regulatory Antioxidant Enzymes (2003)

Enzymes play an important role in the production of radicals and their metabolism. Techniques to measure pro-oxidant conditions that generate radicals and end-products are described in various chapters throughout this book. The major defense enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), which converts the superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide: (H2O2), catalase (CAT), selenium (SE)-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and leukocytic myeloperoxidase, which degrade inorganic and lipid hydroperoxides formed by interaction with reactive oxygen species and glutathione-S-transferase (GST; which also has peroxidase activity, but is selenium-independent) (1). The activity of GSHPx is coupled to glutathione reductase (GSSG-R), which maintains reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (2). Enzyme activity can be decreased by negative feedback from excess substrate or from damage by oxidative modification (3).
Inhibition of RNA polymerase II transcription by oligonucleotide-RecA protein filaments targeted to promoter sequences. (1993)

In the presence of RecA protein, which plays a major role in genetic recombination in Escherichia coli, an oligodeoxyribonucleotide can find its homologous counterpart in double-stranded DNA and form triple-stranded structures. A triple-stranded structure formed by an oligonucleotide with a sequence overlapping essential regulatory elements of a viral promoter, such as TATA or GC boxes, inhibited in vitro transcription driven by RNA polymerase II. An oligonucleotide with eight nucleotides homologous to its target suppressed RNA polymerase II activity in HeLa cell extracts. This procedure offers a potential alternative to the usual mutational analysis of transcriptional promoters.
On the Design of Rapidly Deployable Field Robotic Systems (1996)

Abstract Long development times and high costs limit the practical use of robots for many important field missions. Here the underlying hypotheses of a modular design approach to producing rapidly deployable, low cost field robotic systems are presented and their validity explored. An inventory of physical modules and software modules are assembled into a field robotic system for a specified task. The proposed design method uses a hierarchical selection process combined with a genetic algorithm to select a robot configuration and action plan for a given task. The method is applied to an inspection task required for the preservation of an historic ship.
Recombinant human collagen III gel for transplantation of autologous skin cells in porcine full-thickness wounds (2013)

Complex skin wounds, such as chronic ulcers and deep burns, require lengthy treatments and cause extensive burdens on healthcare and the economy. Use of biomaterials and cell transplantation may improve traditional treatments and promote the healing of difficult-to-treat wounds. In this study, we investigated the use of recombinant human collagen III (rhCol-III) gel as a delivery vehicle for cultured autologous skin cells (keratinocytes only or keratinocyte-fibroblast mixtures). We examined its effect on the healing of full-thickness wounds in a porcine wound-healing model. Two Landrace pigs were used for the study. Fourteen deep dermal wounds were created on the back of each pig with an 8 mm biopsy punch. Syringes containing acellular rhCol-III gel (n = 8) or rhCol-III gel with autologous keratinocytes (n = 8) or rhCol-III gel with autologous keratinocytes and fibroblasts (n = 8) were applied into wounds. Untreated wounds were used as controls for the treatment groups (n = 4). We used rhCol-III gel to manufacture a cell-delivery syringe containing autologous skin cells. In a full-thickness wound-healing model, we observed that rhCol-III gel enhances early granulation tissue formation. Interestingly, we found cell type-dependent differences in the stability of rhCol-III in vivo. Fibroblast-containing gel was effectively removed from the wound, whereas gels without cells or with keratinocytes only remained intact. Our results demonstrate that the properties of rhCol-III gel for skin cell transplantation can be significantly altered in a cell type-dependent manner.
Modulation of the Immune System by Human Rhinoviruses (2006)

Human rhinoviruses (HRV) are the major cause of the common cold, one of the most frequent infectious diseases in humans. Though HRV infections of the upper respiratory tract are usually rather harmless, there is increasing evidence that HRV sets the stage for more dangerous pathogens, elicits asthmatic exacerbations, severe diseases in the lower respiratory tract and even autoimmunity. The pathogenic mechanisms of HRV infections leading to such complications are still poorly understood. It is a common strategy of pathogens to manipulate our immune system in order to evade an efficient immune response. A major characteristic of HRV is a high degree of species specificity. Thus, analyzing the potential immune evasion mechanisms used by HRV will be helpful for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the common cold and may contribute to a better understanding of the human immune system as well. In this review we want to illuminate what is known about potential immune escape mechanisms used by HRV and discuss how such disturbances might lead to a suppressed and dysregulated immune competence in man.
Interactive Differentiable Simulation (2019)

Intelligent agents need a physical understanding of the world to predict the impact of their actions in the future. While learning-based models of the environment dynamics have contributed to significant improvements in sample efficiency compared to model-free reinforcement learning algorithms, they typically fail to generalize to system states beyond the training data, while often grounding their predictions on non-interpretable latent variables. We introduce Interactive Differentiable Simulation (IDS), a differentiable physics engine, that allows for efficient, accurate inference of physical properties of rigid-body systems. Integrated into deep learning architectures, our model is able to accomplish system identification using visual input, leading to an interpretable model of the world whose parameters have physical meaning. We present experiments showing automatic task-based robot design and parameter estimation for nonlinear dynamical systems by automatically calculating gradients in IDS. When integrated into an adaptive model-predictive control algorithm, our approach exhibits orders of magnitude improvements in sample efficiency over model-free reinforcement learning algorithms on challenging nonlinear control domains.
Integration and Reuse in Cognitive Skill Acquisition (2013)

Previous accounts of cognitive skill acquisition have demonstrated how procedural knowledge can be obtained and transformed over time into skilled task performance. This article focuses on a complementary aspect of skill acquisition, namely the integration and reuse of previously known component skills. The article posits that, in addition to mechanisms that proceduralize knowledge into more efficient forms, skill acquisition requires tight integration of newly acquired knowledge and previously learned knowledge. Skill acquisition also benefits from reuse of existing knowledge across disparate task domains, relying on indexicals to reference and share necessary information across knowledge components. To demonstrate these ideas, the article proposes a computational model of skill acquisition from instructions focused on integration and reuse, and applies this model to account for behavior across seven task domains.
Transforming healthcare and medical telemetry through cognitive radio networks (2012)

The Wireless Medical Telemetry Services (WMTS) band has been established by the FCC in the United States for transmission of data related to a patient's health, and similar reserved channels exist for life-critical communications throughout the world. However, transmissions in the WMTS band are severely hampered by interferences from adjacent digital television channels, and due to non-uniform access priority, as this band is also shared by utility telemetry and government installations. In this article, we propose the use of cognitive radio technology to dynamically utilize the WMTS frequencies based on the activity patterns of the high priority users, and the quality of service constraints of the patients' data, while ensuring protection to existing higher priority transmissions and the safe operation of sensitive medical equipment. The priority users here are utility telemetry transmissions in certain portions of the WMTS band, government run radar sites, and legacy medical telemetry equipment without cognitive radio capability. We provide the first measurements on the complete WMTS spectrum activity at two major hospital locations in the Boston area, and outline an optimization framework that assigns frequency and transmission power jointly in this setting. The article also discusses the current state of the art and the major challenges in the implementation of this new cognitive radio assisted medical telemetry paradigm.
High-performance EEPROMs using N- and P-channel polysilicon thin-film transistors with electron cyclotron resonance N<sub>2</sub>O-plasma oxide (1999)

High-performance EEPROMs using n- and p-channel polysilicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFTs) with electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) N/sub 2/O-plasma oxide have been demonstrated. Both programming and erasing were accomplished by Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) tunneling within 1 ms regardless of programming and erasing voltages. The poly-Si TFT EEPROMs have a threshold voltage shift of 4 V between programmed and erased states; furthermore, they maintain a large threshold voltage shift of 2.5 V after 1/spl times/10/sup 5/ program and erase cycles. This is attributed to the excellent charge-to-breakdown (Qbd) up to 10 C/cm/sup 2/ of ECR N/sub 2/O-plasma oxide.