gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel Butterworth and Chebyshev dip filters with applications to 3-D seismic migration (1999)

Abstract Dip filtering is a necessary part of accurate frequency-space domain migration, so design and application of reliable and efficient filters are of practical as well as theoretical importance. Frequency-space domain dip filters are implemented using Butterworth and Chebyshev algorithms. By transforming the product terms of the filter transfer function into summations, a cascaded (serial) Butterworth or Chebyshev dip filter can be made parallel, which improves computational efficiency. For a given order of filter, the cost of the Butterworth and Chebyshev filters is the same. However, the Chebyshev filter has a sharper transition zone than that of a Butterworth filter with the same order, which makes it more effective for phase compensation than a Butterworth filter, but at the expense of some wavenumber-dependent amplitude ripples. Both implementations have been incorporated into 3-D one-way frequency-space depth migration for evanescent energy removal and for phase compensation of splitting errors; a single filter achieves both goals.
A novel current sensing circuit for a current-mode control CMOS DC-DC buck converter (2005)

A novel on-chip current-sensing technique, which is suitable for a current-mode control CMOS DC-DC buck converter, is presented in this paper. The proposed current sensing circuit doesn't need an op amp as a voltage mirror, and thus fewer transistors are need and lower power consumption is achieved. We use the TSMC 0.35/spl mu/m 2P4M CMOS process to design and simulate the converter circuits. Simulation results show that accuracy of current-sensing for the proposed circuit is 98.2% and the core circuit's power consumption is only 81.22mW. Under the same technology and the operating conditions, the performance of the proposed circuit is the best compared to the other circuits.
Status of the GaAs metal&#8212;oxide&#8212;semiconductor technology (1980)

A review of recent and current work on GaAs insulated-gate technology is presented. First, various techniques for the formation of heteromorphic and homomorphic dielectrics are outlined and some important aspects of properties of these dielectrics are reviewed. Second, MOSFET structures, fabrication procedures, and microwave performance are described. Third, the application of GaAs MOSFET's to digital integrated circuits is summarized.
Markerless gait analysis based on a single RGB camera (2018)

Gait analysis is an important tool for monitoring and preventing injuries as well as to quantify functional decline in neurological diseases and elderly people. In most cases, it is more meaningful to monitor patients in natural living environments with low-end equipment such as cameras and wearable sensors. However, inertial sensors cannot provide enough details on angular dynamics. This paper presents a method that uses a single RGB camera to track the 2D joint coordinates with state-of-the-art vision algorithms. Reconstruction of the 3D trajectories uses sparse representation of an active shape model. Subsequently, we extract gait features and validate our results in comparison with a state-of-the-art commercial multi-camera tracking system. Our results are comparable to those from the current literature based on depth cameras and optical markers to extract gait characteristics.
Dominant-negative effect of a mutant cardiac troponin T on cardiac structure and function in transgenic mice. (1998)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease of sarcomeric proteins. The mechanism by which mutant sarcomeric proteins cause HCM is unknown. The leading hypothesis proposes that mutant sarcomeric proteins exert a dominant-negative effect on myocyte structure and function. To test this, we produced transgenic mice expressing low levels of normal or mutant human cardiac troponin T (cTnT). We constructed normal (cTnT-Arg92) and mutant (cTnT-Gln92) transgenes, driven by a murine cTnT promoter, and produced three normal and five mutant transgenic lines, which were identified by PCR and Southern blotting. Expression levels of the transgene proteins, detected using a specific antibody, ranged from 1 to 10% of the total cTnT pool. M-mode and Doppler echocardiography showed normal left ventricular dimensions and systolic function, but diastolic dysfunction in the mutant mice evidenced by a 50% reduction in the E/A ratio of mitral inflow velocities. Histological examination showed cardiac myocyte disarray in the mutant mice, which amounted to 1-15% of the total myocardium, and a twofold increase in the myocardial interstitial collagen content. Thus, the mutant cTnT-Gln92, responsible for human HCM, exerted a dominant-negative effect on cardiac structure and function leading to disarray, increased collagen synthesis, and diastolic dysfunction in transgenic mice.
α<sub>2</sub>-Adrenergic mechanism in menopausal hot flushes (1991)

It has been hypothesized that hot flushes are triggered within the hypothalamus by alpha 2-adrenergic receptors on noradrenergic neurons. We administered intravenous clonidine (an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist) and yohimbine (an alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist) to nine menopausal women with hot flushes and to an asymptomatic comparison group. Hot flushes were defined objectively by skin conductance responses recorded from the sternum; finger temperature recordings and symptom reports were also evaluated. The subjects were prescreened using ambulatory skin conductance monitoring. A significantly greater number of hot flushes occurred during yohimbine sessions than in corresponding placebo sessions (six versus zero). Clonidine significantly increased the amount of peripheral heating needed to provoke a hot flush (40.6 versus 33.6 minutes) and reduced the number of hot flushes that did occur (two versus eight). No hot flushes occurred in the asymptomatic women. These findings support the role of a central alpha 2-adrenergic mechanism in the initiation of hot flushes.
Test cases prioritization for software regression testing using analytic hierarchy process (2015)

Test cases are considered an important asset in the software testing process since they are used to detect defects in the software. In order to produce quality software covering all of the requirements, the test case designer requires much time and effort in designing test cases to cover all requirements and conditions according to the test case structure. This research proposes a method for storing and retrieving of test cases affected by software requirements changes, as well as ranking the retrieved test cases using the AHP method to improve the quality of the ranking. There are to assist system testers in identifying test cases for complete regression testing. An example application of the proposed method will also be presented.
Regulation of TGF-Beta Signal Transduction Pathways in Breast Cancer Cells (2000)

My research goal under BCRP fellowship was to address the fundamental mechanism of TGF-beta signaling both in normal cell and cancer cells and its possible relevance to breast cancer development. Seven papers have been published or submitted during the grant period including three first-author publications. I have been involved in characterizing key signaling components (Smad3 and TFE3) and studied their function in normal TGF-beta signaling in epithelial cells. Using various experimental approaches, I discovered two distinct mechanisms by which TGF-beta signaling is altered in cancer cells. Firs, I discovered a novel mechanism by which ski oncoprotein abrogates TGF-beta signaling. Second, I found activation of Ras oncogene could disrupt TGF-beta signaling by sequestration of tumor suppressor p27 in the cytoplasm preventing its association with cdk2/cyclin E complexes. Finally, I have developed very powerful expression cloning strategies for isolating novel intracellular signal transduction proteins that mediate the pathway(s) by which TGF-beta regulates cell growth and gene expression.
Solid Electrolytes For Gas Sensing At High Temperatures. Multi Electrode Setup To Analyze Gas Mixtures (2005)

Diffusion limited amperometric cells based on stabilized zirconia with a sequential arrangement of several electrodes have been developed for the analysis of exhaust gas mixtures. Such a multi electrode setup allows a spatial separation of different electrode reactions which may be used to monitor the concentrations of several gases at the same time. First results obtained with a cell with two electrodes operating in NO/O/sub 2/ gas mixtures demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by a simultaneous detection Of O/sub 2/ and NO.
Prevalence of Sarcopenia in the Korean Woman Based on the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (2016)

The prevalence of sarcopenia among Korean women was within the range of values of previous research about sarcopenia. Furthermore, using 5.4 kg/m(2) as the cutoff value was useful to compare various studies about sarcopenia in Koreans.
LncRNA GClnc1 Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis and May Act as a Modular Scaffold of WDR5 and KAT2A Complexes to Specify the Histone Modification Pattern (2016)

This report documents a novel lncRNA, GClnc1, which may act as a scaffold to recruit the WDR5 and KAT2A complex and modify the transcription of target genes. This study reveals that GClnc1 is an oncogenic lncRNA in human gastric cancer. Cancer Discov; 6(7); 784-801. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 681.
Central-pair microtubular complex of Chlamydomonas flagella: polypeptide composition as revealed by analysis of mutants. (1981)

Four mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii representing independent gene loci have been shown to lack totally (pf-18, pf-19, and pf-15) or nearly totally (pf-20) the central microtubular pair complex in isolated axonemal preparations. Analysis of 35S-labeled axonemal proteins, using two methods of electrophoresis, reveals that all four mutants lack or are markedly deficient in 18 polypeptides, ranging in molecular weight from 360,000 to 20,000, that are regularly present in wild-type axonemes. Analyses of axonemal proteins labeled by cellular growth on 32P-labeled medium indicates that a subset of 8 of the 18 polypeptides are phosphorylated. Mutant and wild-type axonemes and flagella have been analyzed for their content of tubulin subunits using a high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis system combined with agarose gel overlays containing either anti-alpha or anti-beta tubulin sera prepared from Chlamydomonas tubulins. The immunoprecipitates identify two major alpha tubulins, a major beta tubulin, and a minor component which is also precipitated by the anti-beta serum. None of these tubulins shows a specific defect in mutant axonemes, nor do the tubulin polypeptides show altered two-dimensional map positions in the mutant flagella. The 18 polypeptides provide a useful signature for identifying other mutants affecting the central-pair microtubular complex. Such mutants could be useful in defining the structural or functional role of these polypeptides in the central microtubules. Efforts to obtain additional central-pair mutants based on the motility phenotype of the four mutants analyzed here have yielded mutants which are allelic to three of the four mutants.
Dual-wedge scanning confocal reflectance microscope (2007)

A confocal reflectance microscope has been developed that incorporates a dual-wedge scanner to reduce the size of the device relative to current raster scanning instruments. The scanner is implemented with two prisms that are rotated about the optical axis. Spiral and rosette scans are performed by rotating the prisms in the same or opposite directions, respectively. Experimental measurements show an on-axis lateral resolution of 1.6 microm and optical sectioning of 4.7 microm, which compares with a diffraction-limited resolution of 0.8 and 1.9 microm, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF 1,3‐DIMERCAPTO DERIVATIVES OF AROMATIC CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND O‐AMINOPHENOL (1981)

Abstract Man erhält die 2‐substituierten 1,3‐Propandi‐thiole (V) durch Substitution des Bromatomes im Dithian (I) unter Bildung von (III), dessen Umsetzung mit Quecksilber(II)‐chlorid zu (IV) und anschließende Demercurierung von (IV) mit Schwefelwasserstoff.
Screening for non-polyenic antifungal antibiotics produced by rare Actinomycetales. (1994)

Strains of Actinomycetales (286 in toto) belonging to thirteen genera other than Streptomyces were isolated from different ecosystems in the Algerian Sahara. Among these strains, 32 showed antibiotic activity against at least one of the test organisms comprising four bacteria, two yeasts and several filamentous fungi, and twelve were antagonistic against both bacteria and fungi. The characteristic UV spectra of active extracts revealed that six strains produced non-polyenic antifungal substances and four synthetized polyenic substances. One strain of Spirillospora produced a pentaene antifungal substance. The only antibiotic so far known to be produced by this genus is spirillomycin.
Expansion of Substrate Specificity and Catalytic Mechanism of Azoreductase by X-ray Crystallography and Site-directed Mutagenesis (2008)

AzoR is an FMN-dependent NADH-azoreductase isolated from Escherichia coli as a protein responsible for the degradation of azo compounds. We previously reported the crystal structure of the enzyme in the oxidized form. In the present study, different structures of AzoR were determined under several conditions to obtain clues to the reaction mechanism of the enzyme. AzoR in its reduced form revealed a twisted butterfly bend of the isoalloxazine ring of the FMN cofactor and a rearrangement of solvent molecules. The crystal structure of oxidized AzoR in a different space group and the structure of the enzyme in complex with the inhibitor dicoumarol were also determined. These structures indicate that the formation of a hydrophobic part around the isoalloxazine ring is important for substrate binding and an electrostatic interaction between Arg-59 and the carboxyl group of the azo compound causes a substrate preference for methyl red over p-methyl red. The substitution of Arg-59 with Ala enhanced the Vmax value for p-methyl red 27-fold with a 3.8-fold increase of the Km value. This result indicates that Arg-59 decides the substrate specificity of AzoR. The Vmax value for the p-methyl red reduction of the R59A mutant is comparable with that for the methyl red reduction of the wild-type enzyme, whereas the activity toward methyl red was retained. These findings indicate the expansion of AzoR substrate specificity by a single amino acid substitution. Furthermore, we built an authentic model of the AzoR-methyl red complex based on the results of the study.
Anisotropic nuclear spin relaxation in single-crystal xenon (2002)

We extend the theory of longitudinal spin relaxation of ${}^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ nuclei in frozen xenon to the case of single-crystal samples, where the relaxation rate depends on the direction of the applied magnetic field with respect to the crystalline axes. For sufficiently large magnetic fields, the relaxation is dominated by spin-flip Raman scattering of lattice phonons. Two closely related interactions couple the lattice phonons to the spins of ${}^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ nuclei: the nuclear spin-rotation interaction between nearest-neighbor atoms, which leads to an isotropic, field-independent relaxation rate, and the paramagnetic antishielding of the externally applied field at the site of ${}^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ nuclei by the electrons of neighboring Xe atoms. The latter interaction, also known as the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) interaction, leads to an anisotropic relaxation rate proportional to the square of the applied field. This mechanism dominates spin relaxation at fields of the order of the Debye field ${B}_{D}{=k}_{B}{T}_{D}/{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}=82 \mathrm{T}.$
Why are we using Java again? (1998)

The practical answer you'll receive when asking anyone why they're programming in Java is based in the ultimate dream of platform-independence. Write an application in one place and it can run on any machine under any operating system (at least that's the idea). It certainly is a powerful statement, implying that we can lay down our architecture and operating system "bigotries" and allow performance to guide our computer purchases. No longer would one choose a certain system over another because "it has more applications," since all applications would run everywhere. This is not something I'd want to hear if I owned a company that had a monopoly on the CPU or operating system market.
Modeling interaction using learnt qualitative spatio-temporal relations and variable length Markov Models (2002)

Motivated by applications such as automated visual surveillance and video monitoring and annotation, there has been a lot of interest in constructing cognitive vision systems capable of interpreting the high level semantics of dynamic scenes. In this paper we present a novel approach for automatically inferring models of object interactions that can be used to interpret observed behaviour within a scene. A real-time low-level computer vision system, together with an attentional control mechanism, are used to identify incidents or events that occur in the scene. A data driven approach has been taken in order to automatically infer discrete and abstract representations (symbols) of primitive object interactions; effectively the system learns a set of qualitative spatial relations relevant to the dynamic behaviour of the domain. These symbols then form the alphabet of a VLMM which automatically infers the high level structure of typical interactive behaviour. The learnt behaviour model has generative capabilities and is also capable of recognizing typical or atypical activities within a scene. Experiments have been performed within the traffic monitoring domain; however the proposed method is applicable to the general automatic surveillance task since it does not assume a priori knowledge of a specific domain.
Detection and Removal of Heavy Metal Ions and Removal Using Packed Bed (2011)

The book contains detection of heavy metals (as low as ppb level) using enzymatic inhibition technique. The toxicity of arsenic in drinking water is unexplainable and the different techniques including electrochemical procedure have been described here. The removal of arsenic was explained in packed bed and a mathematical model has been predicted here using adsorption isotherms. Finally, the model has been solved in visual basic and an extensive program was written in the following code. The instruments used and their techniques are vividly explained with specification and clear pictures. The references are also quite extensive in this publication.
Cancer micrometastasis and tumour dormancy (2008)

Many epithelial cancers carry a poor prognosis even after curative resection of early stage tumours. Tumour progression in these cancer patients has been attributed to the existence and persistence of disseminated tumour cells (DTC) in various body compartments as a sign of minimal residual disease. Bone marrow (BM) has been shown to be a common homing organ and reservoir for DTC. A significant correlation between the presence of DTC in BM and metastatic relapse has been reported in various tumour types. However, only a portion of patients with DTC in BM at primary surgery relapse. Thus far, little is known about the conditions required for the persistence of dormancy or the escape from the dormant phase into the active phase of metastasis formation. Thereby, this peculiar stage of conceivably balanced tumour cell division and death may last for decades in cancer patients. Most likely, the ability of a dormant DTC to "be activated" is a complex process involving (i) somatic aberrations in the tumour cells, (ii) the interaction of the DTC with the new microenvironment at the secondary site, and (iii) hereditary components of the host (i.e., cancer patient). In this review, we will summarize the key findings of research on micrometastatic cancer cells and discuss these findings in the context of the concept of tumour dormancy.
Power Quality and Voltage Sag Indices in Electrical Power Systems (2011)

In modern electrical power systems, electricity is produced at generating stations, transmitted through a high voltage network, and finally distributed to consumers. Due to the rapid increase in power demand, electric power systems have developed extensively during the 20th century, resulting in today’s power industry probably being the largest and most complex industry in the world. Electricity is one of the key elements of any economy, industrialized society or country. A modern power system should provide reliable and uninterrupted services to its customers at a rated voltage and frequency within constrained variation limits. If the supply quality suffers a reduction and is outside those constrained limits, sensitive equipment might trip, and any motors connected on the system might stall. The electrical system should not only be able to provide cheap, safe and secure energy to the consumer, but also to compensate for the continually changing load demand. During that process the quality of power could be distorted by faults on the system, or by the switching of heavy loads within the customers facilities. In the early days of power systems, distortion did not impose severe problems towards end-users or utilities. Engineers first raised the issue in the late 1980s when they discovered that the majority of total equipment interruptions were due to power quality disturbances. Highly interconnected transmission and distribution lines have highlighted the previously small issues in power quality due to the wide propagation of power quality disturbances in the system. The reliability of power systems has improved due to the growth of interconnections between utilities. In the modern industrial world, many electronic and electrical control devices are part of automated processes in order to increase energy efficiency and productivity. However, these control devices are characterized by extreme sensitivity in power quality variations, which has led to growing concern over the quality of the power supplied to the customer. According to the IEEE defined standard (IEEE Std. 1100, 1999), power quality is “The concept of powering and grounding electronic equipment in a manner suitable to the operation of that equipment and compatible with the premise wiring system and other connected equipment”. Some authors use the term ‘voltage quality’ and others use ‘quality of supply’ to refer to the same issue of power quality. Others use the term ‘clean power’ to refer to an intolerable disturbance free supply. Power quality is defined and documented in established standards as reliability, steady state voltage controls and harmonics. Voltage sag is defined as a short reduction in voltage magnitude for a duration of time, and is
<i>T</i><i>rypanosoma cruzi trans</i>-sialidase as a multifunctional enzyme in Chagas’ disease (2012)

Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TS) was identified three decades ago. TS catalyses a trans-glycosylation reaction, transferring SA from sialylated donors to the terminal galactose mucin-glycoconjugates, or non-mucin galactyosyl-glycoconjugates. It is an external surface protein that is also released from the parasite, displaying several binding properties in addition to its enzymatic function. TS structure has been solved and its catalytic properties are well known, providing tools for development of new inhibitors, as potential chemotherapeutic agents against Chagas' disease. However, there are still several unsolved questions regarding TS role in the biology of T. cruzi and in the pathology of Chagas' disease. In this review, we will describe the multifunctional roles of TS regarding the development of Chagas' disease and propose that these multiple functions have to be considered in future investigations aiming to use TS as a drug target.