gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reducing Mutual Coupling of Closely Space Microstrip Antennas for MIMO Application at 5.8 GHZ (2011)

An efficient mutual coupling reduction method is introduced in this paper for an extremely closely-spaced dual-element microstrip antennas positioned on a finite sized ground plane for MIMO application at 5.8 GHz. High isolation can be achieved through a simple transmission connection line (TNL) between the microstrip antennas. The position, length, and line width of the transmission connection line need optimize designing to maximize the isolation. It is found that isolations of more than 48 dB can be achieved between two parallel microstrip antennas sharing a common ground plane, with inter-antenna spacing of 0.038λ 0 and ground plane size 0.85λ 0 × 0.735λ 0. All along this paper, several prototypes are fabricated and their performances measured to validate the obtained IE3D moment method-based simulation results.
D2P-Fed: Differentially Private Federated Learning With Efficient Communication (2020)

In this paper, we propose the discrete Gaussian based differentially private federated learning (D2P-Fed), a unified scheme to achieve both differential privacy (DP) and communication efficiency in federated learning (FL). In particular, compared with the only prior work taking care of both aspects, D2P-Fed provides stronger privacy guarantee, better composability and smaller communication cost. The key idea is to apply the discrete Gaussian noise to the private data transmission. We provide complete analysis of the privacy guarantee, communication cost and convergence rate of D2P-Fed. We evaluated D2P-Fed on INFIMNIST and CIFAR10. The results show that D2P-Fed outperforms the-state-of-the-art by 4.7% to 13.0% in terms of model accuracy while saving one third of the communication cost.
Effects of Side Chains on Thiazolothiazole‐Based Copolymer Semiconductors for High Performance Solar Cells (2011)

Abstract New thiazolothiazole‐dithienosilole copolymer semiconductors bearing side chains of different type, size, and topology were synthesized and used to demonstrate the influence of side chains on morphology, charge transport and photovoltaic properties. The field effect mobility of holes varied from 0.01‐0.03 cm 2 V −1 s −1 in PSOTT and PSEHTT to 0.12 cm 2 V −1 s −1 in PSOxTT. The average power conversion efficiency of solar cells under 1.0 sun illumination could be varied from 2.1% in PSOxTT and 4.1% in PSOTT to 5.0% in PSEHTT. The highest photovoltaic efficiency achieved in PSEHTT, that has all‐branched alkyl side chains and face‐on π ‐stacking orientation, was corroborated by its enhanced charge photogeneration observed by transient absorption spectroscopy.
CONCEPTS IN FUNCTIONAL FOODS (1999)

Afunctional food is aimed at affecting beneficially body functions in a way that is relevant to an improved state of well-being and health or disease risk reduction. Claims shall be established based on sound scientific evidence of either enhanced function or disease risk reduction. Functional food science represents progress toward optimum nutrition. Presented at the Experimental Biology 98 Symposium, San Francisco, California. Sponsored by the International Life Sciences Institute, NA Technical Committee of Food Components for Health Promotion.
Tunable Growth Factor Delivery from Injectable Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering (2011)

Current sustained delivery strategies of protein therapeutics are limited by the fragility of the protein, resulting in minimal quantities of bioactive protein delivered. In order to achieve prolonged release of bioactive protein, an affinity-based approach was designed which exploits the specific binding of the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain with short proline-rich peptides. Specifically, methyl cellulose was modified with SH3-binding peptides (MC-peptide) with either a weak affinity or strong affinity for SH3. The release profile of SH3-rhFGF2 fusion protein from hyaluronan MC-SH3 peptide (HAMC-peptide) hydrogels was investigated and compared to unmodified controls. SH3-rhFGF2 release from HAMC-peptide was extended to 10 days using peptides with different binding affinities compared to the 48 h release from unmodified HAMC. This system is capable of delivering additional proteins with tunable rates of release, while maintaining bioactivity, and thus is broadly applicable.
Interactions of EGF, Wnt and HOM-C genes specify the P12 neuroectoblast fate in <i>C. elegans</i> (1998)

We investigate how temporal and spatial interactions between multiple intercellular and intracellular factors specify the fate of a single cell in Caenorhabditis elegans. P12, which is a ventral cord neuroectoblast, divides postembryonically to generate neurons and a unique epidermal cell. Three classes of proteins are involved in the specification of P12 fate: the LIN-3/LET-23 epidermal growth factor signaling pathway, a Wnt protein LIN-44 and its candidate receptor LIN-17, and a homeotic gene product EGL-5. We show that LIN-3 is an inductive signal sufficient to promote the P12 fate, and the conserved EGF signaling pathway is utilized for P12 fate specification; egl-5 is a downstream target of the lin-3/let-23 pathway in specifying P12 fate; and LIN-44 and LIN-17 act synergistically with lin-3 in the specification of the P12 fate. The Wnt pathway may function early in development to regulate the competence of the cells to respond to the LIN-3 inductive signal.
Performance Analysis Of Earliest-Due-Date Scheduling Discipline For Atm Switches (1998)

Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks are expected to support a diverse mix of traffic sources with different quality-of-service (QOS) requirements. To providing satisfactory QOS to ali network users, ATM networks are often required to prioritize users' traffic based on their service requirements. This paper initially examines several existing scheduling disciplines that offer delay guarantees for multiple service classes. Among them, the earliest-due-date (EDD) discipline has been regarded as one of the most promising scheduling disciplines. The EDD discipline schedules the departure of a cell belonging to a call baaed on the delay priority assigned for that call during the call set-up. Considering 71 delay-based service classes associated with n urgency numbers D0 to Dn-1 (D0 ≤ D1 ≤ . . . ≤ Dn-1) respectively, EDD allows a class-i cell to precode any class-j (j > i) cell arriving not prior to (Dj - Di)- slot time. The main goal of the paper is to determine the urgency numbers (Di's), based on a decent queueing analysis, in an attempt to offer satisfactory delay guarantees for higher priority calls while incurring only minima] delay degradation for lower priority calls. In the analysis, we derive the system-time distributions assuming two servies classes, based on a discrete-time, single-server queueing model with heterogeneous arrivals including renewal and nonrenewal arrival processes. On the basis of the analysis, the urgency numbers (Dis) can be dynamically and effectively adj usted to provide a ninety-nine percentile delay guarantee for high priority calls under various traffic loads. Finally, we demonstrate the accuracy of the analysis via simulation results.
Railgun current density distributions (1986)

A closed form solution for the magnetic field intensity and current density in an electromagnetic railgun is presented for a simple geometrical design. A constant velocity for the armature and constant material properties for the rail and armature have been assumed in all calculations. Plots of the magnetic field, current densities, and current streamline are presented for a sample velocity and conductive material.
Inscription of Long-Period Gratings in Pure Silica and Germano–Silicate Fiber Cores by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation (2004)

Long-period gratings (LPGs) have been inscribed by femtosecond laser radiation into fiber optics with Ge-doped and pure silica cores. Grating parameters of 16-dB rejection and 0.3-dB insertion loss are obtained for a Ge-doped fiber core. Numerical calculation of the transmission characteristics yielded a good correlation between the measured and synthetic data showing that an induced refractive index change up to 3/spl times/10/sup -4/ can be achieved. Inscription of an LPG in pure silica fiber core is demonstrated and thought to be first achieved in this fiber type. Greater laser intensity is required in pure silica compared with Ge-doped cores to produce a refractive index change of similar magnitude.
Doubly Generalized LDPC Codes (2006)

The design of generalized low-density parity-check (GLDPC) codes at both check and bit nodes over AWGN channel is considered in this paper. The new codes are referred to as doubly generalized LDPC codes. EXIT charts are used to optimize the parameters of these codes. Both analysis and simulations show that this method can provide more flexibility in constructing codes with good threshold
What Makes Things Happen? The Impact of Information Technologies on the e-Payment in Electronic Commerce (2006)

본 연구에서는 정보기술의 발전에 따라 판매촉진용으로 사용되던 마일리지가 전자상거래에서 지불결제수단이라는 새로운 역할로 변모하는 과정을 탐색하였다. 마일리지 시스템의 역할의 변화와 정보기술 발전의 관련성을 탐색하기 위하여 마일리지 시스템의 이해와 분류를 위한 틀(framework)을 제시하였다. 또한 제시된 틀을 기반으로 하여 효과성(effectiveness)과 효율성(efficiency)의 2가지 요소를 중심으로 국내에서 지불결제 역할을 수행하는 마일리지 시스템을 분석하고 이를 통하여 정보기술의 발전과 마일리지의 역할변화에 대한 과정을 구체적으로 탐색하였다.
SYBR®Green qPCR methods for detection of endogenous reference genes in commodity crops: a step ahead in combinatory screening of genetically modified crops in food and feed products (2011)

Identification of crops present in food and/or feed matrices represents an important step in the screening strategies targeting genetically modified organisms (GMO). Soybean, maize, oilseed rape, rice, cotton, sugar beet and potato are to date the most important sources of genetically modified materials imported in the European Union (EU). In order to allow detection of their presence in an integrated screening approach, a set of SYBR®Green real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods has been developed which can be used under the same assay conditions and at similar efficiency for each of the abovementioned crops. Each qPCR method is shown to meet the performance criteria (i.e. specificity, limit of detection and PCR efficiency) set by the European Network of GMO Laboratories (ENGL). When combined with the equivalent qPCR methods targeting GMO elements, these crop-specific SYBR®Green qPCR methods can aid the development of an efficient tool for determining GMO presence in food and/or feed products.
DNA methylation predicts recurrence from resected stage III proximal colon cancer (2010)

DNA methylation is a useful biomarker of recurrence in resected stage III proximal but not distal CRC. However, as the number of CIMP1 cases was small in distal CRC, further study is required to validate our findings.
Absence of Runx3 expression in normal gastrointestinal epithelium calls into question its tumour suppressor function (2011)

The Runx3 transcription factor regulates cell fate decisions during embryonic development and in adults. It was previously reported that Runx3 is strongly expressed in embryonic and adult gastrointestinal tract (GIT) epithelium (Ep) and that its loss causes gastric cancer. More than 280 publications have based their research on these findings and concluded that Runx3 is indeed a tumour suppressor (TS). In stark contrast, using various measures, we found that Runx3 expression is undetectable in GIT Ep. Employing a variety of biochemical and genetic techniques, including analysis of Runx3-GFP and R26LacZ/Runx3(Cre) or R26tdTomato/Runx3(Cre) reporter strains, we readily detected Runx3 in GIT-embedded leukocytes, dorsal root ganglia, skeletal elements and hair follicles. However, none of these approaches revealed detectable Runx3 levels in GIT Ep. Moreover, our analysis of the original Runx3(LacZ/LacZ) mice used in the previously reported study failed to reproduce the GIT expression of Runx3. The lack of evidence for Runx3 expression in normal GIT Ep creates a serious challenge to the published data and undermines the notion that Runx3 is a TS involved in cancer pathogenesis.
Characterization and immunotherapeutic potential of γδ T-cells in patients with glioblastoma (2009)

Classical immunotherapeutic approaches to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have shown mixed results, and therapies focused on innate lymphocyte activity against GBM have not been rigorously evaluated. We examined peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotype, gammadelta T-cell number, mitogenic response, and cytotoxicity against GBM cell lines and primary tumor explants from GBM patients at selected time points prior to and during GBM therapy. Healthy volunteers served as controls and were grouped by age. T-cell infiltration of tumors from these patients was assessed by staining for CD3 and T-cell receptor gammadelta. Our findings revealed no differences in counts of mean absolute T-cells, T-cell subsets CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+, and natural killer cells from healthy volunteers and patients prior to and immediately after GBM resection. In contrast, gammadelta T-cell counts and mitogen-stimulated proliferative response of gammadelta T-cells were markedly decreased prior to GBM resection and throughout therapy. Expanded/activated gammadelta T-cells from both patients and healthy volunteers kill GBM cell lines D54, U373, and U251, as well as primary GBM, without cytotoxicity to primary astrocyte cultures. Perivascular T-cell accumulation was noted in paraffin sections, but no organized T-cell invasion of the tumor parenchyma was seen. Taken together, these data suggest that gammadelta T-cell depletion and impaired function occur prior to or concurrent with the growth of the tumor. The significant cytotoxicity of expanded/activated gammadelta T-cells from both healthy controls and selected patients against primary GBM explants may open a previously unexplored approach to cellular immunotherapy of GBM.
Training Ircam's Score Follower (2006)

This paper describes our attempt to make the hidden Markov model (HMM) score following system, developed at Ircam, sensible to past experiences in order to obtain better audio to score real-time alignment for musical applications. A new observation modeling based on Gaussian mixture models is developed which is trainable using a learning algorithm we would call automatic discriminative training. The novelty of this system lies in the fact that this method, unlike classical methods for HMM training, is not concerned with modeling the music signal but with correctly choosing the sequence of music events that was performed. Besides obtaining better alignment, the new system's parameters are controllable in a physical manner and the training algorithm learns different styles of music performance as discussed.
Gas visualization of industrial hydrocarbon emissions (2004)

Gases leaking from a polyethene plant and a cracker plant were visualized with the gas-correlation imaging technique. Ethene escaping from flares due to incomplete or erratic combustion was monitored. A leakage at a high-pressure reactor tank could be found and visualized by scanning the camera system over the industrial site. The image processing methods rely on the information from three simultaneously captured images. A direct and a gas-filtered infrared image are recorded with a split-mirror telescope through a joint band-pass filter. The resulting path-integrated gas concentration image, derived from the two infrared images, is combined with a visible image of the scene. The gas-correlation technique also has the potential to estimate the flux in the gas plume by combining a wind vector map, derived by cross-correlating the images in time, with a calibrated gas path-integrated concentration image. The principles of the technique are outlined and its potential discussed.
3D hand trajectory segmentation by curvatures and hand orientation for classification through a probabilistic approach (2009)

In this work we present the segmentation and classification of 3D hand trajectory. Curvatures features are acquired by (r, ¿, h) and the hand orientation is acquired by approximating the hand plane in 3D space. The 3D positions of the hand movement are acquired by markers of a magnetic tracking system. Observing humans movements we perform a learning phase using histogram techniques. Based on the learning phase is possible classify reach-to-grasp movements applying Bayes rule to recognize the way that a human grasps an object by continuous classification based on multiplicative updates of beliefs. We are classifying the hand trajectory by its curvatures and by hand orientation along the trajectory individually. Both results are compared after some trials to verify the best classification between these two kinds of segmentation. Using entropy as confidence level, we can give weights for each kind of classification to combine both, acquiring a new classification for results comparison. Using these techniques we developed an application to estimate and classify two possible types of grasping by the reach-to-grasp movements performed by humans. These reported steps are important to understand some human behaviors before the object manipulation and can be used to endow a robot with autonomous capabilities (e.g. reaching objects for handling).
Readiness of electronic health record systems to contribute to national health information and research (2017)

All countries are investing in the development of electronic health (clinical) records, but only some countries are moving forward the possibility of data extraction for research, statistics and other uses that serve the public interest. This study reports on the development and use of data from electronic health records in twenty-eight countries. It reports on the prevalence of technical and operational factors that support countries in the development of health information and research programmes from data held within electronic health record systems, such as data coverage, interoperability and standardisation. It examines data quality challenges and how some countries are addressing them and it explores the governance of electronic health record systems and data, including examples of national statistical and research uses of data. The report provides an overall assessment of the readiness of countries to further develop health information from data within electronic health record systems and describes the outlook for the future. Ten countries are identified as having high readiness that enables them to develop world-class health information systems supporting health system quality, efficiency and performance and creates a firm foundation for scientific research and discovery.
CIR based dynamic channel allocation schemes and handover prioritisation for mobile satellite systems (2002)

In this paper, after an introduction on mobile satellite systems, the CIR (carrier-to-interference ratio) is introduced as a measure of quality of a satellite uplink and downlink. The difference between CIR/sub up/ and CIR/sub down/ is illustrated. Three CIR based DCA strategies for MSS's suitable for FDMA, TDMA and channelised CDMA, are presented and discussed. Based on realistic mobility and traffic models, the performance of the proposed DCA schemes is evaluated by simulation. Finally, simulation results are presented and discussed.
Deposit Formation From No. 2 Distillate at Gas Turbine Conditions (1996)

Carbon deposit tests using No. 2 distillate fuel were performed in a flowing fuel/flowing atmosphere chamber utilizing a heated vertical test plate which simulates the interactions of fuel spray with combustor surfaces in a gas turbine downstream of the fuel nozzle. This type of interaction can occur in the premixing region of a low-NOx combustor operating on No. 2 fuel and can impact performance and reliability. Deposit formation was studied as a function of surface temperature, surface composition, duration of exposure, atmospheric composition, and fuel type. Surface temperature and oxygen content in the atmosphere appear to have the greatest effect upon deposition: whereas the surface composition and exposure duration have a negligible effect. Conversion of fuel to deposits decreases somewhat as fuel flaw rate increases. A peak conversion to deposits of 0.1 grams per kg of fuel (0.01% conversion) occurred at a surface temperature of 345 C (653 F). The conversion fraction dropped to less than 1% of [he peak conversion below 225 C (437 F) and above 410 C (777 F). A comparison with published data from horizontal plate tests show different rates at specific temperatures which can be attributed to the test geometry, flow rate and residence time.
Somewhat homomorphic cryptography for matrix multiplication using GPU acceleration (2014)

Homomorphic encryption has become a popular research topic since the cloud computing paradigm emerged. This paper discusses the design of a GPU-assisted homomorphic cryptograph for matrix operation. Our proposed scheme is based on an n*n matrix multiplication which are computationally homomorphic. We use more efficient GPU programming scheme with the extension of DGHV homomorphism, which prove the result of verification does not leak any information about the inputs or the output during the encryption and decryption. The performance results are obtained from the executions on a machine equipped with a GeForce GTX 765M GPU. We use three basic parallel algorithms to form efficient solutions which accelerate the speed of encryption and evaluation. Although fully homomorphic encryption is still not practical for real world applications in current stage, this work shows the possibility to improve the performance of homomorphic encryption and achieve this target one step closer.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on ν‐Triazoles. Part 2. Synthesis of 9‐Oxo‐IH,9H‐benz0pyrano[2.3‐d]‐ν‐triazoles. (1982)

Abstract Aus dem 1‐Benzyl‐triazol (I) entstehen mit den Phenolen (II) die entsprechenden Phenylether (III), die zu den Säuren (IV) verseift werden.
Low Resistance Ohmic Contact for the Oxide Superconductor EuBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>y</sub> (1988)

The ohmic contact between an oxide superconductor and a Au electrode was systematically studied under various temperature conditions. A low resistance ohmic contact below 7×10 -8 Ωcm 2 between the oxide superconductor EuBa 2 Cu 3 O y and a Au electrode is obtained by annealing at 300°C in an oxygen atmosphere. Under these conditions, the intrinsic electrical properties of the superconductor are not changed. In contrast, anomalous behavior is observed when using indium as the contact metal.
Evaluation of CoViSTA - an automated vital sign documentation system - in an inpatient hospital setting. (2005)

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and acceptance of the CoViSTA system with the current practice of collecting vital signs. CoViSTA (Computerized Vital Sign Transfer Application) was designed to integrate with the existing hospital network and automate the process of vital sign data entry in hospital wards. The system was evaluated with 6 nurses across 60 patients and was found to significantly reduce errors, improve efficiency and increase satisfaction among the staff.