gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time communication and coordination in embedded sensor networks (2003)

Sensor networks can be considered distributed computing platforms with many severe constraints, including limited CPU speed, memory size, power, and bandwidth. Individual nodes in sensor networks are typically unreliable and the network topology dynamically changes, possibly frequently. Sensor networks also differ because of their tight interaction with the physical environment via sensors and actuators. Because of this interaction, we find that sensor networks are very data-centric. Due to all of these differences, many solutions developed for general distributed computing platforms and for ad-hoc networks cannot be applied to sensor networks. After discussing several motivating applications, this paper first discusses the state of the art with respect to general research challenges, then focuses on more specific research challenges that appear in the networking, operating system, and middleware layers. For some of the research challenges, initial solutions or approaches are identified.
Identification in Vitreous and Molecular Cloning of Opticin, a Novel Member of the Family of Leucine-rich Repeat Proteins of the Extracellular Matrix (2000)

A prominent 45-kDa component was identified by protein staining following SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of a 4 M guanidine hydrochloride extract from bovine vitreous collagen fibrils. Peptide sequences obtained from this component were used as a basis for the cloning (from human retinal cDNA) and sequencing of a novel member of the leucine-rich repeat extracellular matrix protein family that we have named opticin. Opticin mRNA was found by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in ligament and skin as well as in retina. An open reading frame containing 332 amino acids was identified, the first 19 amino acids representing a signal peptide. The deduced amino acid sequence of the mature protein encodes a 35-kDa protein with a calculated isoelectric point of 5.4. The central domain of this protein consists of six B-type leucine-rich repeats. This domain is flanked by cysteine clusters including a C-terminal two-cysteine cluster containing an additional leucine-rich repeat. The N-terminal region contains a cluster of potential O-glycosylation sites, and analysis of bovine vitreous opticin demonstrated the presence of sialylated O-linked oligosaccharides substituting the core protein. Opticin shows highest protein sequence identity to epiphycan (42%) and osteoglycin (35%) and belongs to Class III of the leucine-rich repeat extracellular matrix protein family.
Development of ST-246® for Treatment of Poxvirus Infections (2010)

ST-246 (Tecovirimat) is a small synthetic antiviral compound being developed to treat pathogenic orthopoxvirus infections of humans. The compound was discovered as part of a high throughput screen designed to identify inhibitors of vaccinia virus-induced cytopathic effects. The antiviral activity is specific for orthopoxviruses and the compound does not inhibit the replication of other RNA- and DNA-containing viruses or inhibit cell proliferation at concentrations of compound that are antiviral. ST-246 targets vaccinia virus p37, a viral protein required for envelopment and secretion of extracellular forms of virus. The compound is orally bioavailable and protects multiple animal species from lethal orthopoxvirus challenge. Preclinical safety pharmacology studies in mice and non-human primates indicate that ST-246 is readily absorbed by the oral route and well tolerated with the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) in mice measured at 2000 mg/kg and the no observable effect level (NOEL) in non-human primates measured at 300 mg/kg. Drug substance and drug product processes have been developed and commercial scale batches have been produced using Good Manufacturing Processes (GMP). Human phase I clinical trials have shown that ST-246 is safe and well tolerated in healthy human volunteers. Based on the results of the clinical evaluation, once a day dosing should provide plasma drug exposure in the range predicted to be antiviral based on data from efficacy studies in animal models of orthopoxvirus disease. These data support the use of ST-246 as a therapeutic to treat pathogenic orthopoxvirus infections of humans.
Evaluating water miscible deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids as potential lubricants (2014)

Water miscible ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents have useful properties that make them suitable for lubricants especially in marine environments.
A New Method for the Preparation of Sodium and Calcium Nitrites (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Method for the Preparation of Sodium and Calcium NitritesJames D. Ray and Richard A. Ogg Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 2, 265–266Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01559a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01559a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cohesion as changeability indicator in object-oriented systems (2003)

The assessment of the changeability of software systems is of major concern for buyers of large systems found in fast-moving domains such as telecommunications. One way of approaching this problem is to investigate the dependency between the changeability of the software and its design, with the goal of finding design properties that can be used as changeability indicators. In the realm of object oriented systems, experiments have been conducted showing that coupling between classes is such an indicator. However, class cohesion has not been quantitatively studied in respect to changeability. In the research presented, we set out to investigate whether cohesion is correlated with changeability. As cohesion metrics, LCC and LCOM were adopted, and for measuring changeability, a change impact model was used. The data collected on three test systems of industrial size indicate no such correlation. Manual investigation of classes supposed to be weakly cohesive showed that the metrics used do not capture all the facets of class cohesion. We conclude that cohesion metrics such as LCC and LCOM should not be used as changeability indicators.
Spectroscopic measurement of solid solubility in supercritical fluids (2001)

Abstract Different in situ spectroscopic techniques, including infrared, ultraviolet, and fluorescence, were developed to measure the solubility of organic solids in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ). These techniques are applicable over a wide range of concentrations, as low as 10 −6 or 10 −7 mol fraction, where the conventional flow method is ineffective and less accurate. No separate calibration is required; in fact, the molar absorptivity is determined at the saturation point as an additional benefit. While this technique requires more time per data point, it is more accurate and unbiased than traditional methods at lower concentrations. The Patel‐Teja equation of state was used to correlate the data and expand the data for the ternary system. Data are reported for anthracene, 1,4‐naphthoquinone, and 2‐naphthol in scCO 2 and CO 2 with methanol cosolvent at 313 K and a pressure range from 7 to 21 MPa.
Expression vectors and gene transfer. (1964)

The development of DNA cloning techniques, together with the possibility of reintroducing cloned DNA fragments into the genome of a living organism, has led to an extraordinary growth of our knowledge in molecular biology over the past twenty years. In the present paper a brief overview of the vectors and techniques used in transforming different groups of organisms is given. The importance and applications of genetic engineering for each group (yeasts, plants, Drosophila and mammals) will be discussed.
Identity of human Lyb‐2 and CD72 and localization of the gene to chromosome 9 (1991)

We have recently reported the isolation of cDNA clones encoding the human homolog of the mouse B cell differentiation antigen Lyb-2. Expression of Lyb-2 is restricted to B lineage cells and turned off in antibody-secreting plasma cells in both mice and humans. Functional studies with anti-mouse Lyb-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) suggest that this protein may be involved in signals for B cell proliferation. We now describe the generation of mAb specific for human Lyb-2. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the human Lyb-2 protein is recognized by a mAb specific for the newly clustered pan B cell surface antigen CD72, which had been defined by mAb. Mouse L(tk-) cells expressing a transfected cDNA encoding human Lyb-2 bind a mAb specific for CD72. We further show that an antiserum and a mAb specific for human Lyb-2 and an anti-CD72 mAb immunoprecipitate the identical protein from human splenic B cells and B cell lines, as well as from transfected L(tk-) cells. These data indicate that CD72 is the human equivalent of mouse Lyb-2. We have additionally localized the gene for human Lyb-2/CD72 on the short arm of chromosome 9. Mouse Lyb-2 had been previously mapped to mouse chromosome 4. Lyb-2/CD72 is now the tenth gene known to be localized on human chromosome 9 and mouse chromosome 4.
An underwater robot for pipe inspection (2002)

This paper describes the design of an autonomous mobile robot for use in the inspection of water-filled pipes. The design is based on ultrasonic communications, thus obviating the need for an umbilical cable. The control of the robot is distributed on a local area network which connects all the actuators and sensors. The robot has four legs, powered by compressed air which allows the robot to 'walk' over obstacles. As it can have negative buoyancy, it can also 'walk' along the roof of the pipe if there are obstacles on the floor. The robot also has electrically driven propellers, so that it can 'swim' when having neutral buoyancy. Sensors include a TV camera and ultrasonic imaging of the inside pipe surface. The project described is a joint-venture between City University of Hong Kong, through Pearl Technologies Ltd., Portsmouth Technology Consultants (Portech) Ltd. and the Robotics Research Institute at Harbin Institute of Technology in China.
Identification of Diverse OXA-40 Group Carbapenemases, Including a Novel Variant, OXA-160, from<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>in Pennsylvania (2010)

ABSTRACT Three Acinetobacter baumannii isolates that possess OXA-40 group carbapenemase genes were identified. They belonged to novel sequence types (ST122, ST123, and ST124) and harbored bla OXA-160 , bla OXA-72 , and bla OXA-40 , respectively. OXA-160 is a novel variant of OXA-40 with a P227S substitution. An isogenic Escherichia coli clone producing OXA-160 was more susceptible to carbapenems than a clone producing OXA-40. The genetic environment of bla OXA-160 and bla OXA-40 beyond the putative XerC/XerD recombination sites was distinct from the scaffold reported previously.
Genotype‐phenotype study in patients with valosin‐containing protein mutations associated with multisystem proteinopathy (2017)

Mutations in valosin-containing protein (VCP), an ATPase involved in protein degradation and autophagy, cause VCP disease, a progressive autosomal dominant adult onset multisystem proteinopathy. The goal of this study is to examine if phenotypic differences in this disorder could be explained by the specific gene mutations. We therefore studied 231 individuals (118 males and 113 females) from 36 families carrying 15 different VCP mutations. We analyzed the correlation between the different mutations and prevalence, age of onset and severity of myopathy, Paget's disease of bone (PDB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other comorbidities. Myopathy, PDB and FTD was present in 90%, 42% and 30% of the patients, respectively, beginning at an average age of 43, 41, and 56 years, respectively. Approximately 9% of patients with VCP mutations had an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) phenotype, 4% had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 2% had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Large interfamilial and intrafamilial variation made establishing correlations difficult. We did not find a correlation between the mutation type and the incidence of any of the clinical features associated with VCP disease, except for the absence of PDB with the R159C mutation in our cohort and R159C having a later age of onset of myopathy compared with other molecular subtypes.
Keeping Authorities "Honest or Bust" with Decentralized Witness Cosigning (2016)

The secret keys of critical network authorities -- such as time, name, certificate, and software update services -- represent high-value targets for hackers, criminals, and spy agencies wishing to use these keys secretly to compromise other hosts. To protect authorities and their clients proactively from undetected exploits and misuse, we introduce CoSi, a scalable witness cosigning protocol ensuring that every authoritative statement is validated and publicly logged by a diverse group of witnesses before any client will accept it. A statement S collectively signed by W witnesses assures clients that S has been seen, and not immediately found erroneous, by those W observers. Even if S is compromised in a fashion not readily detectable by the witnesses, CoSi still guarantees S's exposure to public scrutiny, forcing secrecy-minded attackers to risk that the compromise will soon be detected by one of the W witnesses. Because clients can verify collective signatures efficiently without communication, CoSi protects clients' privacy, and offers the first transparency mechanism effective against persistent man-in-the-middle attackers who control a victim's Internet access, the authority's secret key, and several witnesses' secret keys. CoSi builds on existing cryptographic multisignature methods, scaling them to support thousands of witnesses via signature aggregation over efficient communication trees. A working prototype demonstrates CoSi in the context of timestamping and logging authorities, enabling groups of over 8,000 distributed witnesses to cosign authoritative statements in under two seconds.
Sizing multi-tier systems with temporal dependence: benchmarks and analytic models (2010)

Abstract Temporal dependence, as a synonym for burstiness, is often found in workloads (i.e., arrival flows and/or service times) in enterprise systems that use the multi-tier paradigm. Despite the fact that burstiness has deleterious effects on performance, existing modeling and benchmarking techniques do not provide an effective capacity planning for multi-tier systems with temporal dependence. In this paper, we first present strong evidence that existing models cannot capture bursty conditions and accurately predict performance. Therefore, we propose a simple and effective sizing methodology to integrate workload burstiness into models and benchmarking tools used in system sizing. This modeling methodology is based on the index of dispersion which jointly captures variability and burstiness of the service process in a single number. We report experimentation on a real testbed that validates the accuracy of our modeling technique by showing that experimental and model prediction results are in excellent agreement under both bursty and non-bursty workloads. To further support the capacity planning process under burstiness, we propose an enhanced benchmarking technique that can emulate workload burstiness in systems. We find that most existing benchmarks, like the standard TPC-W benchmark, are designed to assess system performance only under non-bursty conditions. In this work, we rectify this deficiency by introducing a new module into existing benchmarks, which allows to inject burstiness into the arrival stream in a controllable and reproducible manner by using the index of dispersion as a single turnable knob. This approach enables a better understanding of system performance degradation due to burstiness and makes a strong case for the usefulness of the proposed benchmark enhancement for capacity planning of enterprise systems.
A feature‐preserving volumetric technique to merge surface triangulations (2002)

Abstract Several extensions and improvements to surface merging procedures based on the extraction of iso‐surfaces from a distance map defined on an adaptive background grid are presented. The main objective is to extend the application of these algorithms to surfaces with sharp edges and corners. In order to deal with objects of different length scales, the initial background grids are created using a Delaunay triangulation method and local voxelizations. A point enrichment technique that introduces points into the background grid along detected surface features such as ridges is used to ensure that these features are preserved in the final merged surface. The surface merging methodology is extended to include other Boolean operations between surface triangulations. The iso‐surface extraction algorithms are modified to obtain the correct iso‐surface for multi‐component objects. The procedures are demonstrated with various examples, ranging from simple geometrical entities to complex engineering applications. The present algorithms allow realistic modelling of a large number of complex engineering geometries using overlapping components defined discretely, i.e. via surface triangulations. This capability is very useful for grid generation starting from data originated in measurements or images. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Huge perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of Fe single layer and spin-reorientation transitions observed in Fe/Co/Pd(111) films (2008)

The spin-reorientation transition (SRT) of Co/Pd(111) induced by Fe deposition was investigated using the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism method. In-plane magnetized 4--6 monolayer (ML) Co films undergo the SRT twice. First, a small amount of Fe deposition causes a transition to perpendicular magnetization; second, further Fe deposition (1--2 ML in total) causes a return to in-plane magnetization. A perpendicularly magnetized 3 ML Co film also exhibits a transition to in-plane magnetization by 1.5--2 ML Fe deposition. A precise magnetic anisotropy phase diagram was obtained using a combination of wedge-shaped Co samples with stepwise Fe deposition. Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was observed in a single layer Fe on Co/Pd(111).
Anti-blocker design techniques for MOSFET-C filters for direct conversion receivers (2002)

A linearized MOSFET-C low-pass filter suitable for a baseband channel selection filter for a direct conversion receiver is presented. Using polysilicon resistors instead of MOSFET resistors in the input and output part, the filter achieves very high out-of-band linearity but maintains the original transfer function under the control of a continuous on-chip cutoff tuning scheme. In order to enhance the linearity of the triode-mode MOSFET variable resistors, the gates of the MOSFETs are driven by a charge pump in the cutoff control loop. Also, an appropriate gain scaling is implemented to lower the input referred noise, thus making the out-of-band dynamic range wider. This fifth-order elliptic filter achieves -2 dBV in-band IIP3, +28 dBV out-of-band IIP3, +94 dBV out-of-band IIP2 and -87 dBV input-referred noise, and dissipates 6.2 mW from a 2.7-V supply; the on-chip continuous automatic tuning system dissipates 4.1 mW.
Radiation Transport Properties of Polyethylene-Fiber Composites (2003)

Composite materials that can both serve as effective shielding materials against cosmic-ray and energetic solar particles in deep space as well as structural materials for habitat and spacecraft remain a critical and mission enabling piece in mission planning and exploration. Polyethylene is known to have excellent shielding properties due to its low density coupled with high hydrogen content. Polyethylene fiber reinforced composites promise to combine this shielding effectiveness with the required mechanical properties of structural materials. Samples of Polyethylene-fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite 1-5 cm thick were prepared at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center and tested against 500 MeV/nucleon Fe beam at the HIMAC facility of NIRS in Chiba, Japan. This paper presents measured and calculated results for the radiation transport properties of these samples.
Reducing users' perceived mental effort due to interruptive notifications in multi-device mobile environments (2015)

In today's ubiquitous computing environment where users carry, manipulate, and interact with an increasing number of networked devices, applications and web services, human attention is the new bottleneck in computing. It is therefore important to minimize a user's mental effort due to notifications, especially in situations where users are mobile and using multiple wearable and mobile devices. To this end, we propose Attelia II, a novel middleware that identifies breakpoints in users' lives while using those devices, and delivers notifications at these moments. Attelia II works in real-time and uses only the mobile and wearable devices that users naturally use and wear, without any modifications to applications, and without any dedicated psycho-physiological sensors. Our in-the-wild evaluation in users' multi-device environment (smart phones and smart watches) with 41 participants for 1 month validated the effectiveness of Attelia. Our new physical activity-based breakpoint detection, in addition to the UI Event-based breakpoint detection, resulted in a 71.8% greater reduction of users' perception of workload, compared with our previous system that used UI events only. Adding this functionality to a smart watch reduced workload perception by 19.4% compared to random timing of notification deliveries. Our multi-device breakpoint detection across smart phones and watches resulted in about 3 times greater reduction in workload perception than our previous system.
SCCRO3 (DCUN1D3) Antagonizes the Neddylation and Oncogenic Activity of SCCRO (DCUN1D1) (2014)

Background: SCCRO3/DCUN1D3 is proposed to function as a tumor suppressor. However, the mechanisms are not well defined.