gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of c-jun causes reversible proliferative arrest and withdrawal from the cell cycle (1992)

We studied the effect of c-jun depletion in Friend murine erythroleukemia (F-MEL) cells stably transfected with a plasmid that allowed for the glucocorticoid-mediated conditional expression of c-jun antisense sequences. The c-jun cDNA used for the construction of the vector was modified so as to prevent the nonspecific targeting of junB and junD transcripts. High level and rapid induction of c-jun antisense transcripts was achieved with as little as 10(-8) mol/L dexamethasone (DEX) and resulted in a 80% to 90% reduction in c-jun protein levels. The continuous exposure of the transfected cells to DEX inhibited growth by greater than 85% over a 5-day period, whereas DEX had no effect on the growth rate of control F-MEL cells. This proliferative block was associated with a reversible accumulation of cells with a 2n DNA content. When these cells were recultured in the absence of DEX, c- jun protein rapidly reappeared and the immediate early response genes egr-1, junB, and c-myc were transiently expressed. Thus, inhibition of c-jun protein causes logarithmically growing cells to leave the cell cycle and to enter a state closely resembling, if not identical to, G0. These results underscore the importance of c-jun in maintaining cellular proliferation and provide additional evidence for the participation of proto-oncogenes in cell cycle control.
Lymphocyte Adhesion to Endothelium (1995)

The different homing and recirculation behaviors of lymphocytes depend on expression of specific adhesion receptors by lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Expression of these receptors is finely regulated according to cell type, functional state, and anatomical location, and builds up a complex network of interactions that simultaneously involve several of these receptors working as "traffic signals" or "postcodes" for lymphocyte migration and homing. There are five main families of adhesion molecules: immunoglobulin superfamily, integrins, selectins, cadherins, and mucin-like molecules. Together with these "classified" receptors, other molecules, such as CD44 and CD38, have been shown to be involved in lymphocyte migration and homing. Leukocytes have evolved a intracellular system that allows them to maintain these receptors in an inactive state during transit in the bloodstream and extracellular-fluids and activate them only when proper specific stimuli are delivered. This activity has been called "inside-out" signaling. Most receptor/ligand systems regulating lymphocyte migration are not selectively dedicated to this function. They are involved in lymphocyte interaction with several cell types and play a key role in both the afferent and efferent branches of immune responses by mediating lymphocyte interaction with APC and target cells. They not only "passively" anchor lymphocytes to these cells but also exert an active "outside-in" signaling function that modulates the cell response to activation stimuli. In this review, we briefly describe the major features of these molecules, survey what is known about their role in lymphocyte/endothelium interactions both in vitro and in vivo, and discuss their possible therapeutical application.
Patients Treated for Nonunions with Plate and Screw Fixation and Adjunctive Locking Nuts (1998)

Locking nuts were used as an adjunct to plate fixation in 48 procedures in 44 patients. All the procedures were done by one surgeon during a 4-year period. The patients in this study were treated for nonunion or malunion and thus had difficult technical problems, such as cortical defects or holes left from previous hardware. The use of standard implants were generally unreliable for additional fixation. The locking nuts were used as a cortical substitute in 26 instances, to create a fixed angle relationship between the plate and the screw in 14 instances, to elevate the plate off the bone to help increase vascularity in five instances, and to increase purchase in severely osteoporotic bone in three instances. Complete followup was obtained on 43 of the 44 patients. Forty of the 43 patients achieved complete union after their reconstructive procedure. Three patients had continued nonunions with eventual hardware failure and required reoperation. The use of the locking nuts enabled the surgeons to obtain stable fixation at the time of reoperation with eventual union of all of the ununited bones. The success of the use of this implant is best gauged by the fact that the surgeon could place screws effectively where cortical defects existed, allow improved purchase in osteoporotic bone, and create a fixed angle plate screw relationship that would have been difficult to do without the locking nuts.
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (2002)

Provides evidence showing that although analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is effective to use for management decision making, it can be defective if used improperly. AHP becomes one of the essential multi‐criteria, decision‐making methods used by both management practitioners and academics. With the development of computer software packages, its usage expands vastly across different business and management areas. An example is presented to illustrate how the defective methodology of AHP can contaminate the findings and subsequent analyses and discussions. The “defected” papers disclosed a defective methodology that generated invalid findings. This paper first points out what the query is. Then, possible reasons behind the invalid findings are described, which are also explained with mathematical expressions. Apparently, “defected” papers may infect those who use them and transfer the risks out into the academic world. Asserts its researchers’ responsibility to raise any risky papers for discussions once they have found them, and advises the authors of these papers to take a positive attitude in dealing with queries and critiques.
Food Processing, Bitter Principles of the Peanut. Isolation, General Properties, and Distribution in the Seed (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFood Processing, Bitter Principles of the Peanut. Isolation, General Properties, and Distribution in the SeedJ. W. Dieckert and N. J. MorrisCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1958, 6, 12, 930–933Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60094a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60094a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New Solution Methods for Joint Chance-Constrained Stochastic Programs with Random Left-Hand Sides (2010)

We consider joint chance-constrained programs with random lefthand sides.\nThe motivation of this project is that this class of problem has many important\napplications, but there are few existing solution methods. For the most part, we\ndeal with the subclass of problems for which the underlying parameter distributions\nare discrete. This assumption allows the original problem to be formulated as a\ndeterministic equivalent mixed-integer program.\nWe rst approach the problem as a mixed-integer program and derive a class\nof optimality cuts based on irreducibly infeasible subsets of the constraints of the\nscenarios of the problem. The IIS cuts can be computed effciently by means of a\nlinear program. We give a method for improving the upper bound of the problem\nwhen no IIS cut can be identifi ed. We also give an implementation of an algorithm\nincorporating these ideas and finish with some computational results.\nWe present a tabu search metaheuristic for fi nding good feasible solutions to\nthe mixed-integer formulation of the problem. Our heuristic works by de ning a\nsufficient set of scenarios with the characteristic that all other scenarios do not have\nto be considered when generating upper bounds. We then use tabu search on the\none-opt neighborhood of the problem. We give computational results that show our\nmetaheuristic outperforming the state-of-the-art industrial solvers.\nWe then show how to reformulate the problem so that the chance-constraints\nare monotonic functions. We then derive a convergent global branch-and-bound algorithm using the principles of monotonic optimization. We give a finitely convergent\nmodi cation of the algorithm. Finally, we give a discussion on why this algorithm is\ncomputationally ine ffective.\nThe last section of this dissertation details an application of joint chance-constrained\nstochastic programs to a vaccination allocation problem. We show why it is necessary\nto formulate the problem with random parameters and also why chance-constraints\nare a good framework for de fining an optimal policy. We give an example of the problem\nformulated as a chance constraint and a short numerical example to illustrate\nthe concepts.
Dose of dialysis predicted by continuous measurement of dialysate urea concentration (2002)

On-line estimation of urea kinetic parameters from dialysate urea concentration (DUN) is proposed and applied to dialysis dose prediction during therapy. Continuous measurement of DUN was performed by a post-filter enzymatic sensor (Hospal Dasco Spa) on six patients undergoing standard haemodialysis. In order to allow for early and reliable prediction of the end of dialysis values, a variable-volume double-pool model is used since the classical first order model cannot account for the fast-to-slow dynamics occurring during the first hour. Three parameter combinations are estimated at each time on the basis of the past DUN history: K/sub d//V/sub 0/, K/sub d/C/sub 0/ and VR, where K/sub d/, V/sub o/, C/sub o/, and VR are the dialyzer clearance, the total urea distribution volume, the initial plasma concentration, and the intra-extracellular volume ratio, respectively. Residuals between model-predicted and measured data have an average root mean square error of about 3% of the DUN excursion and model parameters show realistic values. The final dose of dialysis is predicted by multiplying K/sub d//V/sub o/ for the scheduled duration of the dialysis session. Prediction after 70 min from the beginning of the session differs on the average by less than 5% from the final value thus demonstrating the applicability of the proposed method. Furthermore, knowledge of model parameters allows for early and accurate prediction of the total urea removed.
Novel Non-Data-Aided Clock Recovery Method for DP-QPSK Systems With CMA Equalizers (2012)

We propose a novel non-data-aided clock recovery method for differential quadrature phase-shift keying optical systems based on the coefficients of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) adaptive equalizer. The new technique exhibits a satisfactory performance under certain combinations of differential group delay (DGD) and state of polarization, in which the traditional Gardner algorithm fails. The robustness of the proposed algorithm against chromatic dispersion, DGD, and state of polarization variations is demonstrated experimentally.
Augmenting intensity to enhance scene structure in prosthetic vision (2013)

We present a novel visual representation for prosthetic vision that augments intensity in order to emphasise regions of structural change. This is achieved via the adaptation of a recently proposed method for measuring the extent of local variation of surface orientation in corresponding disparity images. The proposed visual representation demonstrates how intensity and depth data may be combined to provide a scene representation that shows visual appearance as brightness in the familiar way (i.e., intensity-based), but ensures structurally important features such as steps, doorways and drop-offs, as well as general items of interest remain perceivable, regardless of contrast. Qualitative comparisons of the proposed visual representation in simulated prosthetic vision (98 phosphenes) suggest potential advantages over nonaugmented intensity for distinguishing between free and obstructed space in the scene, and for perceiving features of interest on smooth surfaces.
Measuring the transition switching speed of a semiconductor-based photoconductive switch using RF techniques (2011)

This paper presents a new technique for measuring the switching speed of reconfigurable antenna systems driven by semiconductor-based photoconductive switches. Laser diodes are integrated within a stripline transmission line in order to efficiently illuminate the incorporated photoconductive switches. An experimental setup and measurement technique for estimating the ON↔OFF transition speed of the photoconductive switches, driven by a pulsed laser source, are presented.
Scatterometry as a practical in-situ metrology technology (2003)

A very fast and accurate forward scattering method has been developed and implemented for detailed lithographic sytems. This method has been employed in an inverse scattering algorithm developed and implemented for various {\it in-situ } metrology tasks. This forward scattering algorithm utilizes complex realization of the permitivity functions of highly lossy materials, obtained from a newly developed algorithm, part of which is employed in the hybrid inverse system. This hybrid system has been devised to predict wafer properties like feature profiles and layer thicknesses. It combines several components due to the inapplicability of standard inve rse methods such as conjugate gradient and Hessian matrix inversion. It is demonstrated that initial and final spectra match. A comparison between measured and evaluated material properties are in very good agreement as well. Examples of stacks, resist feature and profile roughness are demonstrated. This newly developed and implemented methodology is self-contained and can serve as a versatile metrology tool.
Net Zero Energy Homes: An Evaluation of Two Homes in the Northeastern United States (2010)

Abstract This paper will discuss two Net Zero Energy homes in the United States. The aim is to discuss the differences and similarities in the construction type, energy use, active and renewable systems of the two homes. While each of the homes is designed to achieve net zero site energy use, the design and systems are very different. Furthermore, the measure that is used to qualify a home as net zero energy does not account for the full scope of work on each home. It is suggested that a new set of metrics be developed to allow for a more robust understanding of net zero energy buildings, one that integrates passive design strategies, occupant health and comfort, and durability. The objective is to facilitate a broader understanding of efficient and sustainable residential design. This understanding is critical to bringing Net Zero Energy Buildings to the public.
Nuclear DNA diversity, population differentiation, and phylogenetic relationships in the California closed-cone pines based on RAPD and allozyme markers (1999)

We studied nuclear gene diversity and population differentiation using 91-98 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) loci in the California closed-cone pines knobcone (Pinus attenuata Lemm.), bishop (P. muricata D. Don), and Monterey (P. radiata D. Don) pines. A total of 384 trees from 13 populations were analyzed for RAPDs and another sample of 242 trees from 12 of these 13 populations were analyzed at 32-36 allozyme loci, using a published data set. Twenty-eight of 30 (93%) comigrating RAPD fragments tested were found to be homologous by Southern hybridization in all three species. Using an enriched mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) preparation and a chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) library as probes, two fragments of cpDNA origin, and one of mtDNA origin present among RAPD profiles were excluded from analysis of nuclear gene diversity. RAPD markers revealed moderately higher intrapopulation gene diversity and substantially higher total genetic diversity and population differentiation than did allozyme markers for each species. We performed a simulation study using allozyme data, which showed that the dominant and biallelic nature of RAPD markers could explain the differences observed in differentiation parameters, but not in gene diversity; RAPD phenotypes appear to represent more underlying gene diversity than do allozyme phenotypes. Results of joint phylogenetic analyses of both the RAPD and allozyme markers strongly supported a common ancestor for P. radiata and P. attenuata pines, and south-to-north migration histories for all three species.Key words: allozymes, dominance, gene diversity, Pinus attenuata, Pinus muricata, Pinus radiata, phylogeny, RAPDs.
Using MPEG-21 DIDL to Represent Complex Digital Objects in the Los Alamos National Laboratory Digital Library (2003)

Various XML-based approaches aimed at representing complex digital objects have emerged over the last several years.Approaches that are of specific relevance to the Digital Library community include the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS), the IMS Content Packaging XML Binding, the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM), and the XML packaging approach developed by CCSDS Panel 2. The MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration Language (DIDL) is another XML-packaging specification that, so far, has received little attention in the Digital Library community.This article gives a brief insight into the MPEG-21 standardization effort, and indicates its potential relevance to the Digital Library community.It also highlights major characteristics of DIDL, and details research conducted at the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) into the applicability of DIDL for the representation of complex objects in the LANL repository.The positive outcome of this research has led to a decision to make DIDL-conformant documents the unit of storage in the LANL repository, and suggests that DIDL could also be a valuable building block for other Digital Library projects.
Agent interoperation across multiagent system boundaries (2000)

Recently the number of autonomous agents and multiagent systems (MAS) that have been developed by different developers has increased. Despite efforts for the creation of standards (eg. in communication languages, registration protocols etc.), it is clear that at least in the near term heterogeneous agents and MASs will be prevalent. Therefore, mechanisms that allow agents and/or MASs to interoperate and transact are needed. In this paper we report on a case study and lessons learned of an interoperator agent we developed. We discuss requirements for interoperation mechanisms, resulting challenges and our design decisions and implementation of the RETSINA-OAA InterOperator 1.
Microbubble Formation from Ionic Vacancies in Copper Electrodeposition under a High Magnetic Field (2014)

Ionic vacancies created in copper electrodeposition have been first observed by converting to microbubbles via. nanobubbles. Since the copper deposition potential was much more positive than hydrogen evolution one, the microbubbles were ascribed not to hydrogen bubbles but to the ionic vacancies. Then, the evolution times of the microbubbles at an overpotential of −300 mV were examined under various magnetic flux densities.
Poly(ethylene oxide)‐grafted polymers as materices for all‐solid batteries (1993)

Abstract Two approaches for the preparation of highly ionconductive polymeric solid electrolytes have been followed: one was to add crown ether to cross‐linked poly(ethylene oxide) grafted methacrylate polymer swollen by lithium salt/propylene carbonate solution; and the other was to select crosslinked poly(dimethylsiloxane) with a low glass transition temperature for the matrix material. The conductivity of the former electrolyte was 3.2 × 10 −3 S/cm even in the absence of crown ether at 20°C and increased to 4.0 × 10 −3 S/cm by the addition of 15‐Crown‐5. The addition of crown ether in the electrolyte also affected the plating and stripping processes of Lion Ni substrate. The latter electrolyte was prepared as a single ion type polymeric solid electrolyte. The conductivity of the electrolyte was ca 10 −5 S/cm at room temperature. The polarization curves of Li in the electrolyte were symmetric for O V vs. Li/Li + , therefore the plating and stripping of Li electrode in the electrolyte were reversible. The behavior of the latter electrolyte is preferable for rechargeable lithium battery use.
Creation of unseen triphones from diphones and monophones using a speech production approach (2002)

With limited training data, infrequent triphone models for speech recognition are not observed in sufficient numbers. In this paper, a speech production approach is used to predict the characteristics of unseen triphones by concatenating diphones and/or monophones in the parametric representation of a formant speech synthesiser. The parameter trajectories are estimated by interpolation between the endpoints of the original units. The spectral states of the created triphone are generated by the speech synthesiser. Evaluation of the proposed technique has been performed using spectral error measurements and recognition candidate rescoring of N-best lists. In both cases, the created triphones are shown to perform better than the shorter units from which they were constructed.
Light Source Detection in Photographs (2009)

Common tasks related to image processing or augmented reality include rendering new objects into existing images, or matching objects with unknown illumination. To facilitate such algorithms, it is often necessary to infer from which directions a scene was illuminated, even if only a photograph is available. For this purpose, we present a novel light source detection algorithm that, contrary to the current state-of-the-art, is able to detect multiple light sources with sufficient accuracy. 3D measures are not required, only the input image and a very small amount of unskilled user interaction.
Inhibition of bacteriophage PBS2 replication in Bacillus subtilis by phleomycin (1975)

Phleomycin is an effective inhibitor of the replication of Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage PBS2, whose DNA contains uracil instead of thymine. Phleomycin does not affect the induction of the known phage enzymes involved in deoxyribonucleotide metabolism. But phage DNA synthesis is severely inhibited by phleomycin, and late virion protein synthesis is eliminated. These effects appear to result from a phleomycin-induced degradation of the parental phage DNA. Similar inhibitory and degradative effects on DNA are seen in phleomyinc-treated, uninfected cells. This system is unaffected by the related antibiotic, bleomycin.
Transpedicular Convex Anterior Hemiepiphysiodesis and Posterior Arthrodesis for Progressive Congenital Scoliosis (1992)

Nine children with progressive congenital scoliosis underwent bilateral posterior spinal fusion supplemented with transpedicular convex anterior hemiepiphysiodesis. The average preoperative curve was 52 degrees. The average age at surgery was 9 years and 1 month and the average follow-up period was 3 years and 6 months. Curve progression was arrested in all cases, and curve correction greater than 10 degrees was achieved in four patients.