gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypertriglyceridemia in LR11‐deficiency mice (2006)

A relative new comer to LDL receptor family is a protein with 11 LDL receptor ligand binding repeats called LR11. This study has produced LR11‐knockout mice to address the role of this novel receptor in lipid metabolism in vivo. The breeding of LR11 +/− males and females yielded the expected ratio for 1:2:1 for wild type, heterozygous, and homozygous genotype. The animals appeared to thrive normally and didn’t display any gross abnormalities by inspection. LR11+/+ and LR11 −/ − littermates in C57/BL/6 background were maintained on chow diet. Analysis of the plasma lipid levels revealed minimal difference in plasma cholesterol levels between LR11+/+ and LR11−/ − mice under both fasting and fed conditions. Interestingly, the LR11−/ − mice displayed higher plasma triglyceride levels than the LR+/+ mice under both fasting and fed conditions. Analysis of lipoprotein profile by fast performance liquid chromatography of fasting plasma revealed elevated levels of triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins (VLDL fractions 5–8) in LR11−/ − mice compared to that observed in LR11+/+ mice. In fat tolerance test, results showed that plasma triglyceride increased transiently in the wild type mice, with a rapid decline back to basal level within 2 hr. In contrast, the LR11−/ − mice were hypertriglyceridemic after a single fat meal with sustained elevation of plasma triglyceride level for over 2+ hours. Plasma triglyceride levels at 4 hr after lipid meal feeding remained elevated in LR11−/ − mice compared to that observed in the wild type LR11+/+ controls. Taken together, these results suggest that delay postprandial lipid clearance is at least one pathophysiologic condition of LR11 deficiency.
Application of scanning probe microscopy to the characterization and fabrication of hybrid nanomaterials (2004)

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a widely used experimental technique for characterizing and fabricating nanostructures on surfaces. In particular, due to its ability to spatially map variations in materials properties with nanometer spatial resolution, SPM is particularly well suited to probe the subcomponents and interfaces of hybrid nanomaterials, i.e., materials that are made up of distinct nanometer scale components with distinguishable properties. In addition, the interaction of the SPM tip with materials can be intentionally tuned such that local surface modification is achieved. In this manner, hybrid nanostructures can also be fabricated on solid substrates using SPM. This report reviews recent developments in the characterization and fabrication of hybrid nanomaterials with SPM. Specific attention is given to nanomaterials that consist of both organic and inorganic components including individual biomolecules mounted on inorganic substrates. SPM techniques that are particularly well suited for characterizing the mechanical and electrical properties of such hybrid systems in atmospheric pressure environments are highlighted, and specific illustrative examples are provided. This review concludes with a brief discussion of the remaining challenges and promising future prospects for this field.
Melanoma incidence in Tauranga 1980-9. (1991)

This study was a retrospective case series of melanoma taken from pathology records. The denominator population was the nonMaori population of the old Tauranga Hospital Board area. The age standardised incidence over the period 1980-9 was 33.0 per 100,000, males 31.4, females 36.8. Age specific rates showed a double peak in middle aged and elderly age groups due to female rates peaking at 40 to 59 and male rates peaking at 65+. Younger people presented with thinner lesions than old people, women had thinner lesions than men and thin lesions became increasingly common during the decade, being approximately 50% of lesions in 1988-9. The incidence increased by 2.25 times in ten years and Tauranga incidence is between that of Queensland and other Australian states.
Wavelengths, Energy Levels, and Pressure Shifts in Mercury 198 (1962)

The vacuum wavelengths of 27 lines of Hg198 and 6 lines of Kr86 have been measured relative to the international standard of length, the Kr86 line at 6057.80211 Å, by photographic Fabry–Perot interferometry. These measurements were made with Hg198 electrodeless lamps containing argon at pressures of 14, 3, and 10 mm Hg and a Kr86 hot-cathode lamp operated according to the conditions prescribed by the International Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960. Energy-level values have been derived from the wavelengths of each of the Hg198 sources, and on the basis of these values, the energy level and wavelength shifts per unit pressure of argon have been calculated. The suitability of the Hg198 electrodeless lamp as a source of wavelength standards for interferometric measurement of length and wavelength is discussed.
Mechanism of action of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibition in metabolic syndrome‐associated prostate alterations: An experimental study in the rabbit (2012)

Our data provide the experimental evidences to support the multiple potentiality of PDE5 inhibitors as a useful therapeutic tool in LUTS.
Performance of Biometric Quality Measures (2007)

We document methods for the quantitative evaluation of systems that produce a scalar summary of a biometric sample's quality. We are motivated by a need to test claims that quality measures are predictive of matching performance. We regard a quality measurement algorithm as a black box that converts an input sample to an output scalar. We evaluate it by quantifying the association between those values and observed matching results. We advance detection error trade-off and error versus reject characteristics as metrics for the comparative evaluation of sample quality measurement algorithms. We proceed this with a definition of sample quality, a description of the operational use of quality measures. We emphasize the performance goal by including a procedure for annotating the samples of a reference corpus with quality values derived from empirical recognition scores.
Ultrasonic drug delivery – a general review (2004)

Ultrasound has an ever-increasing role in the delivery of therapeutic agents, including genetic material, protein and chemotherapeutic agents. Cavitating gas bodies, such as microbubbles, are the mediators through which the energy of relatively non-interactive pressure waves is concentrated to produce forces that permeabilise cell membranes and disrupt the vesicles that carry drugs. Thus, the presence of microbubbles enormously enhances ultrasonic delivery of genetic material, proteins and smaller chemical agents. Numerous reports show that the most efficient delivery of genetic material occurs in the presence of cavitating microbubbles. Attaching the DNA directly to the microbubbles, or to gas-containing liposomes, enhances gene uptake even further. Ultrasonic-enhanced gene delivery has been studied in various tissues, including cardiac, vascular, skeletal muscle, tumour and even fetal tissue. Ultrasonic-assisted delivery of proteins has found most application in transdermal transport of insulin. Cavitation events reversibly disrupt the structure of the stratus corneum to allow transport of these large molecules. Other hormones and small proteins could also be delivered transdermally. Small chemotherapeutic molecules are delivered in research settings from micelles and liposomes exposed to ultrasound. Cavitation appears to play two roles: it disrupts the structure of the carrier vesicle and releases the drug; and makes cell membranes and capillaries more permeable to drugs. There remains a need to better understand the physics of cavitation of microbubbles and the impact that such cavitation has on cells and drug-carrying vesicles.
Mechanism of formation of benzo[g]quinolones via the Combes reaction (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of formation of benzo[g]quinolones via the Combes reactionJerry L. BornCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 24, 3952–3953Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00797a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00797a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views609Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and structure elucidation of a new [2]-catenane (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and structure elucidation of a new [2]-catenaneChristopher A. HunterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 13, 5303–5311Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00039a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00039a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2109Altmetric-Citations408LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Meta-generalized gradient approximation: Explanation of a realistic nonempirical density functional (2004)

Tao, Perdew, Staroverov, and Scuseria (TPSS) have constructed a nonempirical meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 146401 (2003)] for the exchange-correlation energy, imposing exact constraints relevant to the paradigm densities of condensed matter physics and quantum chemistry. Results of their extensive tests on molecules, solids, and solid surfaces are encouraging, suggesting that this density functional achieves uniform accuracy for diverse properties and systems. In the present work, this functional is explained and details of its construction are presented. In particular, the functional is constructed to yield accurate energies under uniform coordinate scaling to the low-density or strong-interaction limit. Its nonlocality is displayed by plotting the factor F(xc) that gives the enhancement relative to the local density approximation for exchange. We also discuss an apparently harmless order-of-limits problem in the meta-GGA. The performance of this functional is investigated for exchange and correlation energies and shell-removal energies of atoms and ions. Non-self-consistent molecular atomization energies and bond lengths of the TPSS meta-GGA, calculated with GGA orbitals and densities, agree well with those calculated self-consistently. We suggest that satisfaction of additional exact constraints on higher rungs of a ladder of density functional approximations can lead to further progress.
The second aconitase (AcnB) of Escherichia coli (1996)

The second aconitase (AcnB) of Escherichia coli was partially purified from an acnA::kanR mutant lacking AcnA, and the corresponding polypeptide identified by activity staining and weak cross-reactivity with AcnA antiserum. The acnB gene was located at 2 center dot 85 min (131 center dot 6 kb) in a region of the chromosome previously assigned to two unidentified ORFs. Aconitase specific activities were amplified up to fivefold by infection with lambdaacnB phages from the Kohara lambda-E. coli gene library, and up to 120-fold (50% of soluble protein) by inducing transformants containing a plasmid (pGS783) in which the acnB coding region is expressed from a regulated T7 promoter. The AcnB protein was purified to > or = 98% homogeneity from a genetically enriched source (JRG3171) and shown to be a monomeric protein of Mr 100 000 (SDS-PAGE) and 105 000 (gel filtration analysis) compared with Mr 93 500 predicted from the nucleotide sequence. The sequence identity between AcnA and AcnB is only 17% and the domain organization of AcnA and related proteins (1-2-3-linker-4) is rearranged in AcnB (4-1-2-3).
Reactivity of the >P-O? nucleophiles toward arylmethyl chloride systems*? (1999)

The reactions of sodium dimethyl and diisopropyl phosphite, as well as dibenzylphosphinite with 4-nitrobenzyl chloride, 9-chlorofluorene, and diphenylchloromethane were studied in detail by the isolation and identification of all the products, and the examination of the effects of the solvents on the product distribution. The results of the performed experiments are compatible with the proposed mechanism: a >P-O− anion acts toward an arylmethyl chloride as a base and abstracts a proton to form a carbanion, which can then participate in the SET processes to produce carbon-centered radicals. Additionally, the >P-O− reagent can act as a carbon-centered radical trap if it is present in a high enough concentration. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 10: 431–439, 1999
Global Biochemical Profiling Identifies β-Hydroxypyruvate as a Potential Mediator of Type 2 Diabetes in Mice and Humans (2014)

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 are incretins secreted by respective K and L enteroendocrine cells after eating and amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This amplification has been termed the "incretin response." To determine the role(s) of K cells for the incretin response and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diphtheria toxin-expressing (DT) mice that specifically lack GIP-producing cells were backcrossed five to eight times onto the diabetogenic NONcNZO10/Ltj background. As in humans with T2DM, DT mice lacked an incretin response, although GLP-1 release was maintained. With high-fat (HF) feeding, DT mice remained lean but developed T2DM, whereas wild-type mice developed obesity but not diabetes. Metabolomics identified biochemicals reflecting impaired glucose handling, insulin resistance, and diabetes complications in prediabetic DT/HF mice. β-Hydroxypyruvate and benzoate levels were increased and decreased, respectively, suggesting β-hydroxypyruvate production from d-serine. In vitro, β-hydroxypyruvate altered excitatory properties of myenteric neurons and reduced islet insulin content but not GSIS. β-Hydroxypyruvate-to-d-serine ratios were lower in humans with impaired glucose tolerance compared with normal glucose tolerance and T2DM. Earlier human studies unmasked a neural relay that amplifies GIP-mediated insulin secretion in a pattern reciprocal to β-hydroxypyruvate-to-d-serine ratios in all groups. Thus, K cells may maintain long-term function of neurons and β-cells by regulating β-hydroxypyruvate levels.
The Majority of the Type III Effector Inventory of <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> DC3000 Can Suppress Plant Immunity (2009)

The Pseudomonas syringae type III protein secretion system (T3SS) and the type III effectors it injects into plant cells are required for plant pathogenicity and the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response (HR). The HR is a programmed cell death that is associated with effector-triggered immunity (ETI). A primary function of P. syringae type III effectors appears to be the suppression of ETI and pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which is induced by conserved molecules on microorganisms. We reported that seven type III effectors from P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 were capable of suppressing an HR induced by P. fluorescens(pHIR11) and have now tested 35 DC3000 type III effectors in this assay, finding that the majority of them can suppress the HR induced by HopA1. One newly identified type III effector with particularly strong HR suppression activity was HopS2. We used the pHIR11 derivative pLN1965, which lacks hopA1, in related assays and found that a subset of the type III effectors that suppressed HopA1-induced ETI also suppressed an ETI response induced by AvrRpm1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. A. thaliana plants expressing either HopAO1 or HopF2, two type III effectors that suppressed the HopA1-induced HR, were reduced in the flagellin-induced PTI response as well as PTI induced by other PAMPs and allowed enhanced in planta growth of P. syringae. Collectively, our results suggest that the majority of DC3000 type III effectors can suppress plant immunity. Additionally, the construct pLN1965 will likely be a useful tool in determining whether other type III effectors or effectors from other types of pathogens can suppress either ETI, PTI, or both.
High-performance liquid chromatography study on effects of permanent wave, dye and decolorant treatments on methamphetamine and amphetamine in hair (1999)

Black hairs that had been removed from a methamphetamine (MA) addict were treated with permanent wave, dye or decolorant liquids, and MA and amphetamine (AP) were quantified by a high-performance liquid chromatography/chemiluminescence detection method. The concentrations of MA and AP in the hair decreased significantly in all cases. Both MA and AP were stable in the permanent wave treatments, but not stable in the dye or decolorant treatments. As possible reasons for the decrease, the elution of MA and AP from hair in the permanent wave treatment, and the degradation of MA and AP in the dye or decolorant treatments might be considered. These results suggested that treatments of hair with permanent wave, dye or decolorant liquids interfered with determination of MA and AP in hair. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual effects of a targeted small-molecule inhibitor (cabozantinib) on immune-mediated killing of tumor cells and immune tumor microenvironment permissiveness when combined with a cancer vaccine (2014)

These studies support the clinical combination of cabozantinib with immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer.
Software Architectural Styles for Network-based Applications (1999)

A software architecture determines how system components are identified and allocated, how the components interact to form a system, the amount and granularity of communication needed for interaction, and the interface protocols used for communication. For a network-based application, system performance is dominated by network communication. Therefore, selection of the appropriate architectural style(s) for use in designing the software architecture can make the difference between success and failure in the deployment of a network-based application. Software architectural styles have been characterized by their control-flow and dataflow patterns, allocation of functionality across components, and component types. Unfortunately, none of these characterizations are useful for understanding how a style influences the set of architectural properties, or qualities, of a system. These properties include, among others, user-perceived performance, network efficiency, simplicity, modifiability, scalability, and portability.We use these style-induced architectural properties to classify styles for network-based applications with the goal of understanding why certain styles are better than others for some applications, thus providing additional guidance for software engineers faced with the task of architectural design.
SP 800-121. Guide to Bluetooth Security (2008)

Bluetooth is an open standard for short-range radio frequency communication. Bluetooth technology is used primarily to establish wireless personal area networks. It has been integrated into many types of business and consumer devices, including cellular phones, personal digital assistants, laptops, automobiles, printers, and headsets. This publication provides information on the security capabilities of Bluetooth and gives recommendations to organizations employing Bluetooth technologies on securing them effectively.
Using the balanced scorecard process to compute the value of software applications (2006)

This paper describes a method that will provide practical help for IT managers and other enterprise executives who want to determine the value of their software projects. A set of measures is described that can help the IT manager determine the value of IT projects, either at the time a project is initiated or at the time the project is operational. This paper identifies relevant performance measures used in the balanced scorecard process and then maps them to IT benefits: which are categorized by strategic, informational, and transactional dimensions. The appropriate measure can be identified and value quantified based upon the expected IT benefit.
Crisis del empleo y fragmentación social en la Argentina. Diagnóstico necesario y condiciones para su superación (2003)

En estas notas se resumen algunas de las tesis centrales que constituyen el resultado de esfuerzos teórico-conceptuales y trabajos de investigación interdisciplinar sobre lo que se evidencia como un proceso de cambio social en clave de subdesarrollo y fragmentación social. En este marco, la crisis de dilución y mutación del trabajo ?como fenómeno global- encuentra en la Argentina una paticular construcción social y desarrollo político. Muy lejos de la sociedad del fin del trabajo (Offe, 1992; Rifkin, 1996; entre otros), la falta de trabajo constituye el rasgo principal de la metamorfosis social y política que experimenta la sociedad argentina.
Improving soft-error tolerance of FPGA configuration bits (2005)

Soft errors that change configuration bits of an SRAM based FPGA modify the functionality of the design. The proliferation of FPGA devices in various critical applications makes it important to increase their immunity to soft errors. In this work, we propose the use of an asymmetric SRAM (ASRAM) structure that is optimized for soft error immunity and leakage when storing a preferred value. The key to our approach is the observation that the configuration bitstream is composed of 87% of zeros across different designs. Consequently, the use of ASRAM cell optimized for storing a zero (ASRAM-0) reduces the failure in time by 25% as compared to the original design. We also present an optimization that increases the number of zeros in the bitstream while preserving the functionality.
Slab waveguide demultiplexer for multimode optical transmission in the 10–14-μm wavelength region (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Ryuichi Watanabe and Kiyoshi Nosu, "Slab waveguide demultiplexer for multimode optical transmission in the 1.0–1.4-μm wavelength region," Appl. Opt. 19, 3588-3590 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article