gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electro‐Organic Chemical Preparations (1936)

A review of the chemical literature has shown that electro‐organic methods compare favorably with purely chemical methods for certain syntheses belonging to the following general classes of reactions : coupling, oxidation, reactions with halogens, and reductions. Electro‐organic methods have been used most successfully in synthesis by reduction.
Low Platelet 2β1 Levels in Type I von Willebrand Disease Correlate With Impaired Platelet Function in a High Shear Stress System (1999)

Platelet adhesion to collagen-coated surfaces in whole blood under flow conditions is mediated by both von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent recruitment of the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX receptor complex and collagen interaction with the integrin 2β1. In type 1 von Willebrand disease (vWD), platelet adhesive functions are impaired due to the decrease in vWF levels in plasma and platelets. There are at least three alleles of the human 2 gene, distinguishable by a cluster of silent or noncoding sequence differences within a segment of the gene. Two alleles, associated with low receptor density can be distinguished by nucleotide 807C, while the third allele associated with high receptor density, expresses nucleotide 807T. Gene frequencies of these alleles in a normal population (n = 167) are 0.58 for 807C and 0.42 for 807T. We measured the frequencies of these alleles in symptomatic patients with five types of vWD (type 1, n = 78; type 2A, n = 25, type 2B, n = 14; type 2M, n = 10; and type 3, n = 20). Compared with the normal group, no significant difference in allele frequencies was observed among individuals with types 2A, 2B, 2M, or 3 vWD. However, the frequency of the 807C allele, associated with low collagen receptor density, among type 1 vWD patients (807C = .71; 807T = .29) was significantly higher than that of the normal population (P = .007). Also, in patients with vWD type 1 and borderline to normal ristocetin-cofactor (vWF:RCo) activity values, collagen receptor density correlates inversely with closure time in a high shear stress system (platelet function analyzer [PFA-100]). We propose that low platelet 2β1 density results in less efficient primary platelet adhesion and may result in increased tendency to bleed, as evidenced by the high frequency of this polymorphism in patients with type 1 vWD compared with normal individuals. In addition, this may account for the variability between patients with similar levels of vWF antigen, but strikingly different bleeding histories.
Surgical Skill and Complication Rates after Bariatric Surgery (2013)

The technical skill of practicing bariatric surgeons varied widely, and greater skill was associated with fewer postoperative complications and lower rates of reoperation, readmission, and visits to the emergency department. Although these findings are preliminary, they suggest that peer rating of operative skill may be an effective strategy for assessing a surgeon's proficiency.
Nomenclature of the Micas (1999)

Abstract End-members and species defined with permissible ranges of composition are presented for the true micas, the brittle micas, and the interlayer-deficient micas. The determination of the crystallochemical formula for different available chemical data is outlined, and a system of modifiers and suffixes is given to allow the expression of unusual chemical substitutions or polytypic stacking arrangements. Tables of mica synonyms, varieties, ill-defined materials, and a list of names formerly or erroneously used for micas are presented. The Mica Subcommittee was appointed by the Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names of the International Mineralogical Association. The definitions and recommendations presented were approved by the Commission.
<i>S</i>-Acyl-2-thioethyl Aryl Phosphotriester Derivatives as Mononucleotide Prodrugs (2000)

The synthesis and biological activities of phosphotriester derivatives of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) bearing a phenyl group or L-tyrosinyl residues are reported. The target compounds were obtained via either P(V) or P(III) chemistry from the appropriate aryl precursors. All the derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro anti-HIV activity, and they appeared to be potent inhibitors of HIV-1 replication in various cell culture experiments, with EC(50) values between the micro- and nanomolar range. Furthermore, compounds incorporating an amino- and/or acid-substituted tyrosinyl residue demonstrated significant anti-HIV effects in thymidine kinase-deficient (TK(-)) cells showing their ability to act as mononucleotide prodrugs. The proposed decomposition process of these mixed mononucleoside aryl phosphotriesters may involve esterase activation followed by phosphodiesterase hydrolysis.
Vitreous Phosphorus (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVitreous PhosphorusRay C. Ellis Jr.Cite this: Inorg. Chem. 1963, 2, 1, 22–24Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50005a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50005a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cycloheximide‐induced apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma (BJA‐B) cells with and without Epstein‐Barr virus infection (1995)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been shown, in many instances, to protect B cells from apoptosis via expression of select EBV proteins and up-regulation of bcl-2 or its homologues. However, at present little is known about the influence of EBV infection against cancer therapy-induced apoptosis in EBV-associated cancers. Many anti-cancer treatments act via inhibition of protein synthesis and so could influence the reported protein-dependent mechanisms involved in EBV inhibition of apoptosis. In the present study, Burkitt lymphoma (BJA-B) cells were treated with a potent protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide (CHX). Two variants of BJA-B cells were used, one with EBV infection (EBV(+)), and one free of infection (EBV(-)). Cells were collected 0,3,6,12, 24 and 48 h after addition of either 1 or 50 micrograms/mL of CHX. Control cultures were untreated. Apoptosis was quantified using established morphological and biochemical characteristics, and protein concentrations assessed. CHX treatment of EBV(-) BJA-B cells induced massive levels of apoptosis. Apoptosis was inhibited, but remained significantly higher than that found in control cultures, in similarly treated EBV(+) cells. The study demonstrates that induction of apoptosis in EBV(-) and EBV(+) cells is not dependent on new protein synthesis and so may be indicative of a bcl-2 independent mechanism in this instance. The results have important implications for devising and assessing treatment of EBV-associated malignancies.
Anomaly detection in ECG time signals via deep long short-term memory networks (2015)

Electrocardiography (ECG) signals are widely used to gauge the health of the human heart, and the resulting time series signal is often analyzed manually by a medical professional to detect any arrhythmia that the patient may have suffered. Much work has been done to automate the process of analyzing ECG signals, but most of the research involves extensive preprocessing of the ECG data to derive vectorized features and subsequently designing a classifier to discriminate between healthy ECG signals and those indicative of an Arrhythmia. This approach requires knowledge and data of the different types of Arrhythmia for training. However, the heart is a complex organ and there are many different and new types of Arrhythmia that can occur which were not part of the original training set. Thus, it may be more prudent to adopt an anomaly detection approach towards analyzing ECG signals. In this paper, we utilize a deep recurrent neural network architecture with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) units to develop a predictive model for healthy ECG signals. We further utilize the probability distribution of the prediction errors from these recurrent models to indicate normal or abnormal behavior. An added advantage of using LSTM networks is that the ECG signal can be directly fed into the network without any elaborate preprocessing as required by other techniques. Also, no prior information about abnormal signals is needed by the networks as they were trained only on normal data. We have used the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database to obtain ECG time series data for both normal periods and for periods during four different types of Arrhythmias, namely Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC), Atrial Premature Contraction (APC), Paced Beats (PB) and Ventricular Couplet (VC). Results are promising and indicate that Deep LSTM models may be viable for detecting anomalies in ECG signals.
How can the capability approach contribute to understanding provision for people with learning difficulties (2008)

The capability approach suggests that well-being is fundamentally about the freedom that people have to be and do the things they have reason to value. This paper asks what freedom those adults who experience difficulties in learning have to be and do the things they have reason to value? It draws upon our recently completed literature review on theories of learning for adults with difficulties in learning (Dee, Devecchi and Florian, 2006) where the concepts of ‘being’ and ‘doing’ were integrated with a new elaboration of ‘having’. These three concepts are conceived as an integrated set of purposes for learning and it is argued that educational provision should be person-centred taking into consideration all three purposes. In this paper we show how a notion of having can result from an understanding of well-being that is not just about what people are and what they want to be able to do. It is also about the intrinsic and extrinsic resources that are available to them to be and become. This paper takes up Sen’s insight that though individuals may differ in what well-being means to them, it is not how they differ (their functionings) that matters so much but the difference between their capability to choose and achieve different functionings(outcomes) that explains inequality. In this paper we consider the usefulness of focusing on the freedom people have to be and do the things they have reason to value in terms of our conceptualisation of being having and doing as foundational to provision that is more equitable than that which is currently available for adults with learning difficulties.
Anti-Idiotypic Antisera Raised Against Monoclonal Aritibody Specific for a p24 <i>gag</i> Region Epitope Detects a Common Interspecies Idiotype Associated with Anti-HIV Responses (1990)

One potential strategy for the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is immune network manipulation using anti-idiotypic antibodies: this study was undertaken to demonstrate experimentally the potential of such an approach which, in a more highly evolved form, could be used for the treatment of the acquired immune deficiency virus (AIDS) and related disorders. Anti-idiotypic antibodies were generated in rabbits against a murine monoclonal antibody identifying an epitope on the p24 gag core protein of HIV. After extensive absorption on affinity columns to remove isotype- and allotype-specific antibodies, the purified anti-idiotypic antibody preparation was shown to have specific complementarity with the immunizing mouse monoclonal antibody. This anti-idiotypic antibody was also shown to recognize a common idiotype associated with HIV-specific antibodies from both humans and chimpanzees infected with the AIDS virus. In addition a group of rats immunized with the anti-Id responded with significant antibody titers to recombinant derived p24 gag. These data indicate that at least a subpopulation of these polyclonal anti-Id antibodies structurally mimics an HIV gag region epitope and suggest that immunoregulation by anti-idiotypic antibodies may have therapeutic utility for the AIDS epidemic.
Synthesis and microbiological activity of 5(or 6)-methyl-2-substituted benzoxazole and benzimidazole derivatives. (1997)

The synthesis and microbiological activity of a new series of 5(or 6)-methyl-2-substituted benzoxazoles (IVa-n) and benzimidazoles (Va-h) were described. The in vitro microbiological activity of the compounds was determined against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans in comparison to reference drugs. Microbiological results indicated that the derivatives possessed a broad spectrum of activity against the tested microorganisms and the compounds IVa-g, IVi-k, IVn, Vb-c and Vh showed significant activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa having MIC values of 25 micrograms/ml, providing higher potencies than the reference drugs tetracycline and streptomycin. Moreover, the derivative 5-methyl-2-(p-chlorobenzyl)benzoazole (IVb) possessed the same potency against Candida albicans as the reference drugs oxiconazole and haloprogin having a MIC value of 6.25 mg/ml. However, none of the derivatives showed a better spectrum of activity than the reference drugs.
The dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatases: critical roles in development and cancer (2010)

Intracellular signaling by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (MAPK) is involved in many cellular responses and in the regulation of various physiological and pathological conditions. Tight control of the localization and duration of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK), or p38 MAPK activity is thus a fundamental aspect of cell biology. Several members of the dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSPs) family are able to dephosphorylate MAPK isoforms with different specificity, cellular, and tissue localization. Understanding how these phosphatases are themselves regulated during development or in physiological and pathological conditions is therefore fundamental. Over the years, gene deletion and knockdown studies have completed initial in vitro studies and shed a new light on the global and specific roles of DUSPs in vivo. Whereas DUSP1, DUSP2, and DUSP10 appear as crucial players in the regulation of immune responses, other members of the family, like the ERK-specific DUSP6, were shown to play a major role in development. Recent findings on the involvement of DUSPs in cancer progression and resistance will also be discussed.
Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 7 and 8 (1989)

Review Articles| July 01 2009 Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 7 and 8 Subject Area: Genetics L.-C. Tsui; L.-C. Tsui Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Farrall; M. Farrall Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. Donis-Keller H. Donis-Keller Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics (1989) 51 (1-4): 166–201. https://doi.org/10.1159/000132791 Article history Published Online: July 01 2009 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation L.-C. Tsui, M. Farrall, H. Donis-Keller; Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 7 and 8. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 31 December 1989; 51 (1-4): 166–201. https://doi.org/10.1159/000132791 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsCytogenetic and Genome Research Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal 1989Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Enhanced synchronized switch harvesting: a new energy harvesting scheme for efficient energy extraction (2010)

This paper presents a new technique for optimized energy harvesting using piezoelectric microgenerators called enhanced synchronized switch harvesting (ESSH). This technique is based on the concept of synchronized switch harvesting (SSH), a nonlinear technique developed for energy harvesting from structural vibration. Compared with the standard technique of energy harvesting, the new technique dramatically increases the harvested power by almost 300% at resonance frequencies in the same vibration conditions, and also ensures an optimal harvested power whatever the load connected to the microgenerator. Furthermore, the new technique (ESSH) in this paper can be truly self-powered; a self-powered circuit which implements the technique is proposed. In addition, the overall power dissipation for the control circuitry is relatively constant (only about 121 mu W), which is more attractive especially at high excitation. Because the new technique (ESSH) in this paper can be truly self-powered, no external power supply is needed, making the system suitable for more application fields, especially in remote operation.
Biomineralized matrix-assisted osteogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (2014)

The physical and chemical properties of a matrix play an important role in determining various cellular behaviors, including lineage specificity. We demonstrate that the differentiation commitment of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), both in vitro and in vivo, can be solely achieved through synthetic biomaterials. hESCs cultured using mineralized synthetic matrices mimicking a calcium phosphate (CaP)-rich bone environment differentiated into osteoblasts in the absence of any osteogenic inducing supplements. When implanted in vivo, these hESC-laden mineralized matrices contributed to ectopic bone tissue formation. In contrast, cells within the corresponding non-mineralized matrices underwent either osteogenic or adipogenic fate depending upon the local cues present in the microenvironment. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration where synthetic matrices are shown to induce terminal cell fate specification of hESCs exclusively by biomaterial-based cues both in vitro and in vivo. Technologies that utilize tissue specific cell–matrix interactions to control stem cell fate could be a powerful tool in regenerative medicine. Such approaches can be used as a tool to advance our basic understanding and assess the translational potential of stem cells.
一种备份文件的“规范”方法 (2009)

我们一位读者使用一个批处理文件对数据库进行备份。不过，批处理文件并不太规范，因此他想编写一个更好的脚本。于是他联系了我们，想了解脚本专家们会怎么编写。专家们给出的答案就是脚本Backup File．vbs。
THICKNESS TOUCHLESS MEASUREMENTS USING EDDY CURRENT SENSORS (1989)

ABSTRACT Analytic expressions for the reluctance and the losses measured using an eddy current sensor placed in front of a conductive and magnetic metal sheet are derived. The computation is made both in the simple case and also when the sheet is coated with a small thickness of conductive material. The results can be easily applied to the non-contact distance and thickness measurement, for the continuous control of a coating process (galvanization for example).
Nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion profiles of aqueous solutions of a series of gd(nota) analogs (1992)

Nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles and ESR linewidths have been measured for a series of neutral Gd(3+)-triazamacrocyclic complexes and compared with previous data for the simplest member of the macrocyclic triaza series, Gd(NOTA), and for the widely studied linear triaza complex, Gd(DTPA)2-. Water proton relaxivities and their temperature dependence were found to vary widely with the size of the triaza macrocycle and the identity of the side-chain chelating groups. The number of rapidly exchanging water molecules directly coordinated to the Gd3+ ion (q) was found to vary from 2 to 4 for eight of the ten complexes examined and a linear relationship between the 50-MHz relaxivity value and integral values of q is presented for this series of complexes. tau s values derived from ESR linewidths for some of the complexes are in reasonable agreement with those derived from their NMRD profiles; however, those complexes which either tended to form aggregates in solution or gave evidence for multiple averaged solution structures showed broad, near Lorentzian linewidths which were clearly not dominated by the electron spin relaxation time (tau s).
Cooperative querying in relational databases (2002)

This paper proposes an architecture for cooperative access to databases, and describes a cooperative interface for querying relational databases (i.e., an interface that assists non-experienced and casual users to get useful answers from a relational database) which has been implemented based on this architecture. The architecture comprises two knowledge bases which store rules that describe the application domain and that guide the process of query formulation and answering. Queries are formulated using a subset of SQL which does not require the user's knowledge of the language syntax and of the database structure. The interface uses the rules stored in the knowledge bases to expand the queries and to provide more relevant answers to the user.