gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselective alkylation via Lewis acid promoted substitutions of sulfones (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemo-, regio-, and diastereoselective alkylation via Lewis acid promoted substitutions of sulfonesBarry M. Trost and M. Reza. GhadiriCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 5, 1098–1100Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00265a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00265a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views546Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of permanent Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei strains in weaned infants' gut (1991)

Journal Article Detection of permanent Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei strains in weaned infants' gut Get access R. Reniero, R. Reniero Istituto di Microbiologia, Facolta di Agraria, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Morelli, L. Morelli Istituto di Microbiologia, Facolta di Agraria, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. de Haen, C. de Haen *Bracco Industria Chimica S.p.A., Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Bottazzi V. Bottazzi Istituto di Microbiologia, Facolta di Agraria, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 13, Issue 1, 1 July 1991, Pages 3–6, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1991.tb00555.x Published: 01 July 1991 Article history Received: 12 March 1991 Accepted: 18 March 1991 Published: 01 July 1991
Examination of electrode placements and stimulating parameters in treating chronic pain with conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) (1981)

Conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was applied to 114 patients diagnosed as having peripheral neuropathy (N = 18), peripheral nerve injury (N = 21), radiculopathy (N = 36) and musculoskeletal disorders (N = 39) to determine optimal electrode placements and stimulation parameters for pain relief. Treatment outcomes were assessed primarily through evaluation of the present pain intensity (PPI) rating scale, Immediate improvements in PPI scores occurred in patients in all these diagnostic categories. One month follow-up data on 25 subjects showed that improvement was of limited duration. No clear correlation between stimulation parameters or electrode placements and pain relief was ascertained. In certain instances (subjects with radiculopathy or peripheral nerve injury) a positive relationship existed between higher intensity stimulation and amelioration of pain. Greater pain relief was reported among patients with minimal previous medical or surgical treatment in every diagnostic group.
Estimation of poles and zeros of voiced speech using group delay characteristics derived from spectral envelopes (1986)

Abstract A11‐pole models have been used in speech signal analysis to represent speech‐producing systems [1]. This paper introduces a new method for analysis of the group delay characteristics derived from spectral envelopes. The method derives the complex cepstrum from the spectral envelope connecting peaks of fine structure of the power spectrum. The effectiveness of the method is shown by application to synthesized and actual nasals.
Crohn’s disease and the mycobacterioses: A quarter century later. Causation or simple association? (2012)

It has been more than 25 years since Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was first proposed as an etiologic agent in Crohn's disease based on the isolation of this organism from several patients. Since that time, a great deal of information has been accumulated that clearly establishes an association between M. paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease. However, data are conflicting and difficult to interpret and the field has become divided into committed advocates and confirmed skeptics. This review is an attempt to provide a thorough and objective summary of current knowledge from both basic and clinical research from the views and interpretations of both the antagonists and proponents. The reader is left to draw his or her own conclusions related to the validity of the issues and claims made by the opposing views and data interpretations. Whether M. paratuberculosis is a causative agent in some cases or simply represents an incidental association remains a controversial topic, but current evidence suggests that the notion should not be so readily dismissed. Remaining questions that need to be addressed in defining the role of M. paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease and future implications are discussed.
Automation for nondestructive inspection of aircraft (1994)

We discuss the motivation and an architectural framework for using small mobile robots as automated aids to operators of nondestructive inspection (NDI) equipment. We review the need for aircraft skin inspection, and identify the constraints in commercial airlines operations that make small mobile robots the most attractive alternative for automated aids for NDI procedures. We describe the design and performance of the robot (ANDI) that we designed, built, and are testing for deployment of eddy current probes in prescribed commercial aircraft inspections. We discuss recent work aimed at also providing robotic aids for visual inspection.
MicroRNAs are essential for development and function of inner ear hair cells in vertebrates (2009)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) inhibit the translation of target mRNAs and affect, directly or indirectly, the expression of a large portion of the protein-coding genes. This study focuses on miRNAs that are expressed in the mouse cochlea and vestibule, the 2 inner ear compartments. A conditional knock-out mouse for Dicer1 demonstrated that miRNAs are crucial for postnatal survival of functional hair cells of the inner ear. We identified miRNAs that have a role in the vertebrate developing inner ear by combining miRNA transcriptome analysis, spatial and temporal expression patterns, and bioinformatics. Microarrays revealed similar miRNA profiles in newborn-mouse whole cochleae and vestibules, but different temporal and spatial expression patterns of six miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-18a, miR-30b, miR-99a, miR-182, and miR-199a) may reflect their roles. Two of these miRNAs, miR-15a-1 and miR-18a, were also shown to be crucial for zebrafish inner ear development and morphogenesis. To suggest putative target mRNAs whose translation may be inhibited by selected miRNAs, we combined bioinformatics-based predictions and mRNA expression data. Finally, we present indirect evidence that Slc12a2, Cldn12, and Bdnf mRNAs may be targets for miR-15a. Our data support the hypothesis that inner ear tissue differentiation and maintenance are regulated and controlled by conserved sets of cell-specific miRNAs in both mouse and zebrafish.
Reductive Cleavage of Azoarene as a Key Step in Nickel-Catalyzed Amidation of Esters with Nitroarenes (2020)

A nickel-catalyzed reductive amidation of unactivated esters was recently reported, employing readily available and low-cost nitroarenes as nitrogen sources. Here, we describe a comprehensive experimental and computational study, which reveals an intricate mechanism of this process. The reaction profile indicated azoarene as the terminal nitrogen intermediate formed from the reduction of nitroarene. The activation of azoarene en route to amidation was probed by kinetics, Hammett plots, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The activation likely involves Ni-catalyzed, ZnCl2-promoted, reductive cleavage of the N═N double bond in an azoarene to form a bridging imido species, which then reacts in a rate-determining step with an ester to give an amide. Besides the nickel catalyst, ZnCl2 has an important influence on the rates and orders of the reaction. DFT computations suggest ZnCl2 stabilizes many of the intermediates in the reaction pathway of azoarene activation, including forming the key Ni–Zn heterobimetallic imido intermediate. The mechanistic insights revealed in this study lay the foundation for the development of synthetic methods employing azoarenes as stable and easily accessible nitrogen sources.
A General Framework for Modeling Production (1989)

We introduce a general framework that guides the management scientist's formulation of deterministic models of production processes. Using the framework, we reformulate the constraints of familiar linear programming-based planning models to specifically treat components of production lead time, thereby realizing a more accurate representation of the production process. In addition, the reformulation accommodates noninteger values for lead times as well as unequal-length planning periods. Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP) and the Critical Path Method (CPM) are recast in terms of the framework, revealing opportunities for model generalization and extension, and their relationship to linear programming models.
CD studies on the conformation of oligonucleotides complexed with divalent metal ions: interaction of Zn2+ with guanine favours syn conformation (1976)

The interaction of the divalent metal ions Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ with GpG and several other dinucleoside monophosphates were investigated by means of circular dichroism. The spectra of the complexes of GpG, GpU analogues and ApGpG caused in the presence of Zn2+ and other transition metals show a close similarity in the spectral CD shape to that previously reported in the literature for GpG and GpU at low pH and for m7GpG. From the results it may be concluded that transition metal ions-particularly considered for Zn2+/- tends to favour the degree of stacking with Guo in syn conformation in GpG or GpU due to the coordination of the metal ion at N-7 of the 3'-bound position while shielding of the phosphate site by Mg2+ does not influence the sugar-base torsional angle under comparable conditions. Stereochemical aspects and selectivity of the Zn2+ mediated conformation of the dinucleoside phosphates are discussed.
Short communication: Carbon nanotubes as flame retardants for polymers (2002)

Abstract Flame retardant nanocomposites were synthesized by melt‐blending ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with multi wall carbon nanotubes. Fire property measurements by cone calorimeter revealed that the incorporation of multi wall carbon nanotubes into EVA significantly reduced the peak heat release rates compared with the virgin EVA. Peak heat release rates of EVA with multi‐wall carbon nanotubes were slightly improved compared with EVA nanocomposites based on modified layered silicates. Char formation is the main important factor for these improvements. There was also a synergistic effect by the combination of carbon nanotubes and organoclays resulting in an overall more perfect closed surface with improved heat release values. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Is a Main Effector of Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension (2005)

The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) metabolizes vasodilatory epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to their di-hydroxy derivatives. We hypothesized that the metabolism of EETs by the sEH contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension and tested the effects of a water-soluble sEH inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido) dodecanoic acid (AUDA) on blood pressure. AUDA (130 microg/mL in drinking water) did not affect blood pressure in normotensive animals but markedly lowered it in mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension (1 mg/kg per day). The effect of AUDA was accompanied by an increase in urinary salt and water excretion. Intravenous application of AUDA (8 mg/kg) acutely lowered blood pressure and heart rate in animals with angiotensin II-induced hypertension but failed to affect blood pressure in animals with phenylephrine-induced hypertension (29 mg/kg per day). AUDA (0.1 micromol/L) selectively lowered vascular resistance in an isolated perfused kidney preparation from angiotensin II-pretreated mice but not from control mice. In the perfused hind limb and in isolated carotid arteries from angiotensin II-treated mice, AUDA was without effect. The omega-hydroxylase inhibitor N-methylsulfonyl-12,12-dibromododec-11-enamide, which attenuates formation of the potent vasoconstrictor 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, decreased tone in carotid arteries from angiotensin II-treated but not from control mice. These data demonstrate that the decrease in blood pressure observed after sEH inhibition in angiotensin II-induced hypertension can be attributed to an initial reduction in heart rate followed by pressure diuresis resulting from increased perfusion of the kidney. Direct vasodilatation of resistance arteries in skeletal muscles does not appear to contribute to the antihypertensive effects of sEH inhibition in mice.
Controlling orientation of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>nanowires within micropatterns via microcontact printing combined with the gluing Langmuir–Blodgett technique (2008)

Previously, we suggested a facile method to transfer dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB)/V(2)O(5) nanowire hybrid patterns onto both hydrophobic and hydrophilic substrates via microcontact printing combined with the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique (Park et al 2007 Nanotechnology 18 405301). Herein, we report on the delicate control of the orientation of V(2)O(5) nanowires within the micropatterns transferred via the gluing LB technique using a patterned polydimethylsilicate (PDMS) stamp. According to the orientation of the PDMS line patterns relative to the air-water interface, the aligned orientation of the nanowires, either parallel or perpendicular to the patterns, could be obtained and attributed to the moving direction of the water menisci formed between the PDMS stamp and water. In particular, addition of a small amount of ethanol in the subphase enhanced the dispersion of the DODAB at the air-water interface as well as the aggregation of V(2)O(5) nanowires, resulting in alignment of the V(2)O(5) nanowires via compression of the hybrid LB film by a barrier. Directional alignment of nanowires has potentially broad applications in the fabrication of aligned nanowire devices.
Payment Systems and Antitrust: Can the Opportunities for Network Competition be Recognized? (1995)

The author notes that a series of ATM network mergers have resulted in virtual monopolies of ATM systems within large regions of the country. He interprets the actions of the antitrust authorities (including the Federal Reserve in its role of approving acquisitions by bank holding companies) as reflecting the view that regional ATM networks have characteristics of natural monopolies.
A quasi radix-16 VLSI processor (1991)

The design and development of a high-performance fixed point digital signal processor is presented. The LH9124 DSP is a 24-bit fixed point processor that can manipulate data at rates of up to 80 MHz. It can perform transform operations at a very high speed by embedding these algorithms in the architecture. The set of macro-level functions provided included complex and real FFTs, fast cosine and sine transforms, complex and real FIRs, and convolution operations. It incorporates a unique architecture that allows it to compute a 1k point FFT in 81 mu s, by using quasi radix-16 (QR 16) butterfly operations. The device can be easily configured in parallel or cascaded multi-chip systems to further enhance performance. The chip has been designed in 0.8 mu m CMOS double metal technology and uses approximately 400000 transistors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A THEORY OF MAGNETIC ANGLE SENSORS WITH HALL PLATES AND WITHOUT FLUXGUIDES (2013)

Magnetic angle sensors detect the angular position of a permanent magnet attached to a rotating shaft. The magnet is polarized diametrically to the rotation axis. No soft magnetic ∞ux guides are present. The semiconductor die is placed on and orthogonal to the rotation axis. There are two kinds of systems: (i) perpendicular systems detect the fleld components perpendicular to the rotation axis, and (ii) axial systems detect the component parallel to the rotation axis. The former use magneto-resistive sensors or vertical Hall efiect devices; the latter use Hall plates. This paper focuses on axial systems, derives their conceptual limitations, and compares them with perpendicular systems. An optimized system and optimum shapes of magnets are reported. Angle errors due to assembly tolerances of magnet and sensor versus shaft are explained. It is proven that assembly tolerances of optimized axial systems give three times larger errors than perpendicular systems.
Über die Darstellung von α‐Amino‐ketoximen durch Hydrazinolyse von α‐Phthaloylamino‐ketoximen (1965)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung von α‐Phthaloylamino‐ketonen mit Hydroxylamin wurden syn ‐Oxime erhalten, deren Hydrazinolyse zu anti ‐α‐Amino‐ketoximen führte. Der Konfigurationswechsel, vor allem zum anti ‐α‐Amino‐acetophenonoxim, wird als Folge sterischer Behinderung der Oximgruppe durch die intermediär gebildeten Phthalamidsäurehydrazide bzw. Phthalazinderivate erklärt.
A toolset for GUI testing of Android applications (2012)

This paper presents a toolset for GUI testing of Android applications. The toolset is centered on a GUI ripper that systematically explores the GUI structure of an application under test with the aim of firing sequences of user events and exposing failures of the application. The toolset supports the execution of a testing procedure that automatically performs crash testing of subject applications and provides test results made of several artifacts. The paper illustrates some examples of using the toolset for testing real Android applications.
Syntheses of Enantiopure Bifunctional 2-Guanidinobenzimidazole Cyclopentadienyl Ruthenium Complexes: Highly Enantioselective Organometallic Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts for Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Reactions (2014)

2-Guanidinobenzimidazole (GBI) derivatives with a NHR group in place of NH2 (R: a, CH2Ph; b, (SC)-CH(CH3)Ph; c, (RCRC)-CH(CH2)4CHNMe2; d, (RCRC)-CH(CH2)4CH-NCH2(CH2)3CH2) are prepared in four steps from 2-aminobenzimidazole. Reactions with [(η5-C5H5)Ru(CO)(NCCH3)2]+PF6– (5+PF6–) afford the chiral-at-metal chelates [(η5-C5H5)Ru(CO)(GBI-R)]+ PF6– (6a–d+PF6–, 39–77%), which have been characterized by NMR (1H, 13C, 31P, 19F) and other spectroscopy. The Ru,C configurational diastereomers of the dimethylamino containing complex 6c+PF6– separate upon alumina chromatography (RRuRCRC, >99:01 dr; SRuRCRC, <2:98 dr) but slowly epimerize at ruthenium in solution at room temperature. Configurations have been assigned by CD spectra and the crystal structure of (RRuRCRC)-6c+(Δ)-TRISPHAT– (TRISPHAT– = P(o-C6Cl4O2)3–). The latter reveals hydrogen bonding between two of the GBI-R NH linkages and the TRISPHAT oxygen atoms. Both diastereomers catalyze (10 mol %, room temperature) additions of malonate esters to nitroalkenes in high yields and enantioselectivities (90–99% ee for aryl-substituted nitroalkenes). The dominant product configurations are identical, showing the chiral ruthenium center to have little influence. The free GBI-R ligand exhibits only modest activity. Unlike most transition-metal-catalyzed reactions, there is no direct interaction of the substrate with the ruthenium; rather, evidence is presented for “second coordination sphere promoted catalysis” mediated by hydrogen bonds derived from two NH groups that chelation preorganizes in a synperiplanar conformation.
Breaking Barriers: Expansion of the use of Endolysins as Novel Antibacterials Against Gram-Negative Bacteria (2015)

The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria drives the search for novel classes of antibiotics to replenish our armamentarium against bacterial infections. This is particularly critical for Gram-negative pathogens, which are intrinsically resistant to many existing classes of antibiotics due to the presence of a protective outer membrane. In addition, the antibiotics development pipeline is mainly oriented to Gram-positive pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. A promising novel class of antibacterials is endolysins. These enzymes encoded by bacterial viruses hydrolyze the peptidoglycan layer with high efficiency, resulting in abrupt osmotic lysis and cell death. Their potential as novel antibacterials to treat Gram-positive bacteria has been extensively demonstrated; however, the Gram-negative outer membrane has presented a formidable barrier for the use of endolysins against Gram-negatives until recently. This review reports on the most recent advances in the development of endolysins to kill Gram-negative species with a special focus on endolysin-engineered Artilysins(®).
A resonantly driven piezoelectric transformer for high voltage generation (2008)

A resonant piezoelectric transformer circuit is being developed for high voltage generation. A lithium niobate ferroelectric crystal with a rotated y-cut polarization orientation is used as a step up transformer. The rectangular shaped crystal is driven through the thickness into the extensional vibration mode. Applied voltages at low radio frequencies, 40 to 90 kHz, are used, which includes the half and full wavelength resonance frequency. The circuit design takes advantage of the piezoelectric transformation into mechanical energy to bias the primary side of the transformer. An impedance matching transformer is used to match the crystal to the driving circuit over a wide range of frequencies. The piezoelectric circuit is designed to drive high impedances at 50 to 100 kV for beam or plasma applications. Voltage and frequency characteristics with several load impedances have been measured. The results of these tests to characterize the piezoelectric transformer circuit are presented.