gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic morphological profiling of human gene and allele function via Cell Painting (2017)

We hypothesized that human genes and disease-associated alleles might be systematically functionally annotated using morphological profiling of cDNA constructs, via a microscopy-based Cell Painting assay. Indeed, 50% of the 220 tested genes yielded detectable morphological profiles, which grouped into biologically meaningful gene clusters consistent with known functional annotation (e.g., the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cascade). We used novel subpopulation-based visualization methods to interpret the morphological changes for specific clusters. This unbiased morphologic map of gene function revealed TRAF2/c-REL negative regulation of YAP1/WWTR1-responsive pathways. We confirmed this discovery of functional connectivity between the NF-κB pathway and Hippo pathway effectors at the transcriptional level, thereby expanding knowledge of these two signaling pathways that critically regulate tumor initiation and progression. We make the images and raw data publicly available, providing an initial morphological map of major biological pathways for future study.
Inhibition of Nuclear Import and Alteration of Nuclear Pore Complex Composition by Rhinovirus (2002)

Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking pathways and the status of nuclear pore complex (NPC) components were examined in cells infected with rhinovirus type 14. A variety of shuttling and nonshuttling nuclear proteins, using multiple nuclear import pathways, accumulated in the cytoplasm of cells infected with rhinovirus. An in vitro nuclear import assay with semipermeabilized infected cells confirmed that nuclear import was inhibited and that docking of nuclear import receptor-cargo complexes at the cytoplasmic face of the NPC was prevented in rhinovirus-infected cells. The relocation of cellular proteins and inhibition of nuclear import correlated with the degradation of two NPC components, Nup153 and p62. The degradation of Nup153 and p62 was not due to induction of apoptosis, because p62 was not proteolyzed in apoptotic HeLa cells, and Nup153 was cleaved to produce a 130-kDa cleavage product that was not observed in cells infected with poliovirus or rhinovirus. The finding that both poliovirus and rhinovirus cause inhibition of nuclear import and degradation of NPC components suggests that this may be a common feature of the replicative cycle of picornaviruses. Inhibition of nuclear import is predicted to result in the cytoplasmic accumulation of a large number of nuclear proteins that could have functions in viral translation, RNA synthesis, packaging, or assembly. Additionally, inhibition of nuclear import also presents a novel strategy whereby cytoplasmic RNA viruses can evade host immune defenses by preventing signal transduction into the nucleus.
Thin Pd membrane prepared on macroporous stainless steel tube filter by an in-situ multi-dimensional plating mechanism (2004)

The big surface pores of a porous stainless steel (PSS) tube filter with marked roughness were jammed with aluminium hydroxide gel by a combination of ultrasonic vibration and vacuum suction, then a thin dense Pd membrane (6 microm) was plated in-situ on this pre-jammed filter by a multi-dimensional plating mechanism; after recovering the substrate pores by high temperature treatment, higher H2 permeance and complete H2 selectivity were obtained.
Measurement: A Very Short Introduction (2016)

Abstract Measurement is a fundamental concept central to the sciences, social sciences, medicine, economics, government, and indeed also to everyday life. The history of measurement goes back to the ancient world. Its story has been one of gradual standardization, although different types of measurement, levels of accuracy, and systems of units, apply in different contexts. Measurement: A Very Short Introduction explains the common mathematical framework underlying all measurement, the main approaches to measurement, and the challenges involved. Following a brief historical account of measurement, it discusses measurement as used in the physical sciences and engineering, the life sciences and medicine, the social and behavioural sciences, economics, business, and public policy.
Learning to Generate Structured Queries from Natural Language with Indirect Supervision (2018)

Generating structured query language (SQL) from natural language is an emerging research topic. This paper presents a new learning paradigm from indirect supervision of the answers to natural language questions, instead of SQL queries. This paradigm facilitates the acquisition of training data due to the abundant resources of question-answer pairs for various domains in the Internet, and expels the difficult SQL annotation job. An end-to-end neural model integrating with reinforcement learning is proposed to learn SQL generation policy within the answer-driven learning paradigm. The model is evaluated on datasets of different domains, including movie and academic publication. Experimental results show that our model outperforms the baseline models.
B Cell-Specific S1PR1 Deficiency Blocks Prion Dissemination between Secondary Lymphoid Organs (2012)

Many prion diseases are peripherally acquired (e.g., orally or via lesions to skin or mucous membranes). After peripheral exposure, prions replicate first upon follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in the draining lymphoid tissue before infecting the brain. However, after replication upon FDC within the draining lymphoid tissue, prions are subsequently propagated to most nondraining secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), including the spleen, by a previously underdetermined mechanism. The germinal centers in which FDC are situated produce a population of B cells that can recirculate between SLO. Therefore, we reasoned that B cells were ideal candidates by which prion dissemination between SLO may occur. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR)1 stimulation controls the egress of T and B cells from SLO. S1PR1 signaling blockade sequesters lymphocytes within SLO, resulting in lymphopenia in the blood and lymph. We show that, in mice treated with the S1PR modulator FTY720 or with S1PR1 deficiency restricted to B cells, the dissemination of prions from the draining lymph node to nondraining SLO is blocked. These data suggest that B cells interacting with and acquiring surface proteins from FDC and recirculating between SLO via the blood and lymph mediate the initial propagation of prions from the draining lymphoid tissue to peripheral tissues.
MULTI-CYCLE LARGE EDDY SIMULATIONS IN A REALISTIC HUMAN LEFT HEART (2013)

A numerical framework designed to perform numerical simulations of the blood flow in patient-specific human hearts is presented. The heart cavities and their wall dynamics are extracted from medical images. The flow equations are written on a conformal moving computational domain, using an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach. Additional structures (the valves) of the heart are modelled with an immersed boundary method. The resulting equations are solved numerically using a fourth-order finite-volume solver. Application of this framework on a left patient heart is presented as well. Flow dynamics is analysed in order to show the ability of the numerical procedure to reproduce the main fluid phenomena commonly observed in the left heart. The flow is characterised by its transitional nature, resulting in a complex cyclic flow. Development of weak turbulence is observed and analysed, presenting phase-averaged results.
A novel CMOS exponential voltage generator based on differential pair's transfer characteristic (2005)

A novel voltage-mode CMOS exponential function circuit for VGAs is developed in this paper. The core circuit is based on a traditional differential pair and a newly-designed three-transistor differential pair. The generated exponential voltage starts from, but does not cross, the 0 V point. On a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process, the simulation results with 3.3 V supply voltage show that the dB-linear function in the entire voltage control range achieves over 50 dB range with an error less than 1 dB.
The Sydney Cyprus Survey Project: An Interdisciplinary Investigation of Long-Term Change in the North Central Troodos, Cyprus (1999)

AbstractAbstractThe Sydney Cyprus Survey Project (SCSP) began work in the north central Troodos Mountains of Cyprus in 1992. The aim of the project is to examine the relationships among the exploitation of natural resources (especially copper mining and agriculture), the development of complex social systems, and the changes taking place in the physical landscape. This interim report puts our fieldwork and interpretation into the context of contemporary regional survey practice, and describes our approaches to methodological problems such as sampling strategies, analytical units, and field walking techniques. We present an integrated discussion of two specific areas of interest and an overview of the main results and conclusions of the project to date.
Controlled-release polymeric herbicide formulations with pendent 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTControlled-release polymeric herbicide formulations with pendent 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acidShukla Bhattacharya, Shyamal K. Sanyal, and Ram N. MukherjeaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1986, 25, 4, 585–589Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300024a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i300024a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Novel low-cost ultra-wideband, ultra-short-pulse transmitter with MESFET impulse-shaping circuitry for reduced distortion and improved pulse repetition rate (2001)

A new ultra-wideband, ultra-short-pulse transmitter has been developed using microstrip lines, step-recovery and Schottky diodes, MESFET, and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier. This transmitter employs a novel MESFET impulse-shaping circuit to achieve several unique advantages, including less distortion, easy broadband matching, and increased pulse repetition rate. The transmitter produces 300-ps monocycle pulses with about 2 V peak-to-peak and a pulse repetition rate of 10 MHz. The measured pulses have good symmetry and low ringing level.
Nurses’ role in good health services for all (1995)

The race and ethnicity subcommittee's breakfast meeting attracted 30 members from a range of backgrounds and clinical specialisms.
Differential identifiability (2012)

A key challenge in privacy-preserving data mining is ensuring that a data mining result does not inherently violate privacy. ε-Differential Privacy appears to provide a solution to this problem. However, there are no clear guidelines on how to set ε to satisfy a privacy policy. We give an alternate formulation, Differential Identifiability, parameterized by the probability of individual identification. This provides the strong privacy guarantees of differential privacy, while letting policy makers set parameters based on the established privacy concept of individual identifiability.
Synthesis and cocaine receptor affinities of 3-phenyl-2-(3′-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5′-yl)tropane isomers (1993)

F. I. Carroll, P. Abraham, M. A. Kuzemko, J. L. Gray, A. H. Lewin, J. W. Boja and M. J. Kuhar, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1993, 44 DOI: 10.1039/C39930000044
Is a Condition-Specific Instrument for Patients with Low Back Pain/Leg Symptoms Really Necessary? (2003)

For studies of patients with low back problems, the general SF-36 may be a sufficient measure of health status and patient function, without the need for additional condition-specific instruments. Pain scales appear to be the most responsive measures in patients with low back pain.
Interchange technology for applications to facilitate generic access to heterogenous data formats (2003)

An Interchange Technology facilitates seamless interactions between applications, tools and services with datasets in heterogeneous formats. The Information Technology and Systems Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville is currently developing this technology focused on Earth Science data, in general, and particularly on the vast amounts of remotely sensed data. The Earth Science Markup Language (ESML) is one such interchange technology and is comprised of description files and a related library of programming utilities. ESML is based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML/spl trade/) and allows data "descriptions" to be written in a standard fashion. ESML is unique in that it not only describes the content and structure of the data, but also provides semantic information for the end user application to utilize. Another advantage is that the effort involved to describe legacy data formats in ESML will be small. ESML and the associated library will allow wider interoperability of Earth Science services and tools, enabling Earth Scientists to author, discover, and interpret Earth Science information, and to work more easily with data in a variety of formats and structures. This interchange technology will facilitate the development of dataset-independent searches, visualization, and analysis tools without requiring data to be in any particular format. This paper will describe this interchange technology and provide examples of generic access to heterogeneous remotely sensed data sets.
Effect of application-layer rate-control mechanism on video quality for streaming services (2012)

In video streaming, feedback-based rate control is utilized for guaranteeing video quality on an end-to-end basis. This paper considers the effect of feedback-based rate controls on video quality from queueing theoretical point of view. We focus on a video streaming mechanism with a feedback-based rate control where a video server regulates the packet-sending rate according to the number of data blocks stored in a client node. The client node has two buffers: a synchronization buffer and a receiver buffer. Packets arriving to the client node are stored in the synchronization buffer first, and a video-data block is retrieved from a fixed number of packets in the synchronization buffer and forwarded to the receiver buffer. We model the client node as a discrete-time two-queue concatenated system with state-dependent packet arrivals, deriving the starvation and overflow probabilities. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the feedback-based rate controls for improving both these probabilities. In particular, the rate control which is not sensitive to the number of data blocks in the receiver buffer makes these probabilities significantly small.
A high-throughput percentage-of-binding strategy to measure binding energies in DNA–protein interactions: application to genome-scale site discovery (2008)

Quantifying the binding energy in DNA-protein interactions is of critical importance to understand transcriptional regulation. Based on a simple computational model, this study describes a high-throughput percentage-of-binding strategy to measure the binding energy in DNA-protein interactions between the Shewanella oneidensis ArcA two-component transcription factor protein and a systematic set of mutants in an ArcA-P (phosphorylated ArcA) binding site. The binding energies corresponding to each of the 4 nt at each position in the 15-bp binding site were used to construct a position-specific energy matrix (PEM) that allowed a reliable prediction of ArcA-P binding sites not only in Shewanella but also in related bacterial genomes.
Fiber-Optic HDTV Transmission Technology (1985)

HDTV is expected to be the next-generation television system. This article presents major fiber-optic technologies for HDTV transmission and concepts for an HDTV distribution system, as well as the main HDTV experiments in Japan. A system, employing a time-compression multiplexing format, has been developed in Japan and is being field-tested. Design concepts for HDTV distribution networks and future applications are also discussed.
Impact of pretreatment and downstream processing technologies on economics and energy in cellulosic ethanol production (2011)

Ethanol price and energy use were highly dependent on process conditions used in the ethanol production plant. Potential for significant ethanol cost reductions exist in increasing pentose fermentation efficiency and reducing biomass and enzyme costs. The results demonstrated the importance of addressing the tradeoffs in capital costs, pretreatment and downstream processing technologies.
Thin Film Growth and Surface Modification by keV Ion Beam (1998)

High-quality ZnO film and highly wettable polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) are obtained by using a keV ion beam. ZnO films are grown on glass substrates by ion beam sputter deposition, changing the oxygen/argon gas ratio, ion beam energy, and substrate temperature. Physical properties of ZnO films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and the Van der Pauw method. All the films show a strong preferred orientation along the c -axis. The electrical resistivity is varied from 10 -3 to 10 6 Ωcm and its dependence on the deposition parameters is discussed. The PMMA surface was modified by the ion-assisted reaction technique. Ion dose, ion energy, and oxygen gas flow rate are varied from 5×10 15 to 1×10 17 ions/cm 2 , from 0.6 to1.2 kV, and from 0 to 8 ml/min, respectively. A highly wettable PMMA surface can be obtained by irradiating oxygen ions in an oxygen gas environment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis shows that hydrophilic groups are formed on the surface of PMMA.
Weight-shifting mobiles (2010)

In this paper, we present a novel type of haptic display for usage in mobile phones. It changes the gravitational properties of the device by shifting an internal weight along two axes. Its utility is explored in a performance study, in which users were estimating positions of the device's actuated center of gravity. The users also participated in qualitative studies: A questionnaire that assessed the perceived quality of interacting with the device, and an interview in which they described their experiences with the weight-shifting mobile. Furthermore, this paper suggests three domains of application in which the system may be of benefit: Augmenting digital content with physical mass, ambient displays, and haptically augmented wayfinding.
Model of Steady-State Injection Processes in a High-Power Laser-Thyristor Based on Heterostructure With Internal Optical Feedback (2014)

Analytical model of a low-voltage laser-thyristor based on a semiconductor heterostructure has been developed. The model describes static current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and accounts for the nature of the voltage blocking and negative differential resistance in multijunction heterostructures with optical feedback. It is shown that a region of the I-V characteristic saturation appears in a laser thyristor in the ON-state with increasing current through the device. It is shown that optimizing the base region parameters and emission characteristics of the active region of the diode part makes it possible to preserve high efficiency of injection processes in the laser thyristor up to current densities exceeding tens of kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . It is demonstrated that switching from the blocking to the conducting state by control currents with densities of several A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is possible.
Critical Path Tracing - An Alternative to Fault Simulation (1983)

We present an alternative to fault simulation, referred to as critical path tracing, that determines the faults detected by a set of tests using a backtracing algorithm starting at the primary outputs of a circuit. Critical path tracing is an approximate method, but the approximations introduced occur seldom and do not affect its usefulness. This method is more efficient than conventional fault simulation.
Physiologic Control of Rotary Blood Pumps: An In Vitro Study (2004)

Rotary blood pumps (RBPs) are currently being used as a bridge to transplantation as well as for myocardial recovery and destination therapy for patients with heart failure. Physiologic control systems for RBPs that can automatically and autonomously adjust the pump flow to match the physiologic requirement of the patient are needed to reduce human intervention and error, while improving the quality of life. Physiologic control systems for RBPs should ensure adequate perfusion while avoiding inflow occlusion via left ventricular (LV) suction for varying clinical and physical activity conditions. For RBPs used as left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), we hypothesize that maintaining a constant average pressure difference between the pulmonary vein and the aorta (deltaPa) would give rise to a physiologically adequate perfusion while avoiding LV suction. Using a mock circulatory system, we tested the performance of the control strategy of maintaining a constant average deltaPa and compared it with the results obtained when a constant average pump pressure head (deltaP) and constant rpm are maintained. The comparison was made for normal, failing, and asystolic left heart during rest and at light exercise. The deltaPa was maintained at 95 +/- 1 mm Hg for all the scenarios. The results indicate that the deltaPa control strategy maintained or restored the total flow rate to that of the physiologically normal heart during rest (3.8 L/m) and light exercise (5.4 L/m) conditions. The deltaPa approach adapted to changing exercise and clinical conditions better than the constant rpm and constant deltaP control strategies. The deltaPa control strategy requires the implantation of two pressure sensors, which may not be clinically feasible. Sensorless RBP control using the deltaPa algorithm, which can eliminate the failure prone pressure sensors, is being currently investigated.
FeCl<sub>3</sub>/ZnI<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzo[<i>d</i>]imidazo[2,1-<i>b</i>]thiazole through Aerobic Oxidative Cyclization between 2-Aminobenzothiazole and Ketone (2014)

The FeCl3/ZnI2-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cyclization between 2-aminobenzothiazole and ketone/chalcone for the synthesis of benzo[d]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole is described. A variety of fused benzoimidazothiazole derivatives are obtained by this protocol.