gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Topical Arnica Gel on Post-Laser Treatment Bruises (2002)

BACKGROUND Claims have been made suggesting that topical arnica prevents and speeds the resolution of bruises, yet there are no well-designed placebo-controlled studies to date evaluating topical arnica's effect on bruising. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of topical arnica in the prevention and resolution of laser-induced bruising. METHODS Nineteen patients with facial telangiectases were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study and were divided into pretreatment and posttreatment groups. The pretreatment group applied arnica with vehicle to one side of the face and vehicle alone to the other side of the face twice a day for 2 weeks prior to laser treatment. The posttreatment group followed the same procedure for 2 weeks after laser treatment. On day 0, all patients were treated for facial telangiectases using a 585 nm pulsed dye laser. Bruising was assessed using a visual analog scale on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 17 by the patient and the physician. In addition, photographs taken at each of the follow-up visits were later assessed by a second physician using the visual analog scale. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of arnica and vehicle (P = 0.496) and the mean scores of arnica and vehicle (P = 0.359) in the pretreatment and posttreatment groups, respectively. CONCLUSION No significant difference was found between topical arnica and vehicle in the prevention or resolution of bruising.
The Rearrangement of 1,1-Dimethyl-1-p-nitrobenzylamine-2-acetimide (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Rearrangement of 1,1-Dimethyl-1-p-nitrobenzylamine-2-acetimideS. Wawzonek and E. YeakeyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 21, 5718–5721Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01506a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01506a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Salt Separation During Supercritical Water Oxidation of Human Metabolic Waste: Fundamental Studies of Salt Nucleation and Growth (1990)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is currently being considered as a means of waste/water recycle for long-term space missions. Solid salts are produced in the process of oxidizing organic material in supercritical aqueous ionic solutions. Knowledge of nucleation and crystal growth rates of salts in supercritical water is needed for efficient salt separator design in the waste treatment process. This paper describes an experimental and theoretical program which is currently underway at MIT under sponsorship from NASA-JSC (Grant # NAG9-252) to obtain a fundamental understanding of these phenomena. The extension and application of conventional thermodynamic models for the prediction of salt solubility in supercritical water is being explored. An apparatus has also been constructed for high temperature and pressure aqueous salt solution studies. An optical cell with sapphire (α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) windows is being used to perform experiments examining phase behavior and precipitation in salt-water systems above and near the critical point of water (374 °C and 221 bar).</div>
Design of Peptide and Peptidomimetic Ligands with Novel Pharmacological Activity Profiles (2011)

Peptide hormones and neurotransmitters are of central importance in most aspects of intercellular communication and are involved in virtually all degenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss physicochemical approaches to the design of novel peptide and peptidomimetic agonists, antagonists, inverse agonists, and related compounds that have unique biological activity profiles, reduced toxic side effects, and, if desired, the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Designing ligands for specific biological and medical needs is emphasized, as is the close collaboration of chemists and biologists to maximize the chances for success. Special emphasis is placed on the use of conformational (ϕ-ψ space) and topographical (χ space) considerations in design.
October Portfolio Three (2007)

January 01 2007 October Portfolio Three Sophie Calle, Sophie Calle Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Tacita Dean, Tacita Dean Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Renée Green, Renée Green Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Gabriel Orozco, Gabriel Orozco Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Andrea Robbins, Andrea Robbins Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Max Becher, Max Becher Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Martha Rosler Martha Rosler Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Sophie Calle Tacita Dean Renée Green Gabriel Orozco Andrea Robbins Max Becher Martha Rosler OCTOBER PORTFOLIO THREE is a benefit project, consisting of works by Sophie Calle, Tacita Dean, Renée Green, Gabriel Orozco, Andrea Robbins and Max Becher, and Martha Rosler. The editors are deeply grateful to the artists for contributing these works. Online Issn: 1536-013X Print Issn: 0162-2870 © 2007 October Magazine, Ltd. and Massachusetts Institute of Technology2007 October (2007) (119): 139–151. https://doi.org/10.1162/octo.2007.119.1.139 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Sophie Calle, Tacita Dean, Renée Green, Gabriel Orozco, Andrea Robbins, Max Becher, Martha Rosler; October Portfolio Three. October 2007; (119): 139–151. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/octo.2007.119.1.139 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsOctober Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2007 October Magazine, Ltd. and Massachusetts Institute of Technology2007 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Studies on Solubilization. (Part I). Note on the synthesis of some quaternary N‐(ω‐aryloxyalkyl) piperidinium, pyridinium, benzyl‐dimethyl‐ammonium, and trimethyl‐ammonium bromides (1971)

Abstract A series of new N‐(ω‐aryloxyalkyl) piperidinium, pyridinium, benzyl dimethyl ammonium, and trimethyl ammonium bromides is described.
Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity in vitro of the Synthetic Peptide D4E1 (2001)

Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of a synthetic peptide, D4E1, is documented in this paper. D4E1 inhibited the growth of several fungal phytopathogens belonging to four classes-Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Oomycetes, and two bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci and Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum race 18. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of D4E1 required to completely inhibit the growth of all fungi studied ranged from 4.67 to 25 microM. Fungal pathogens highly sensitive to D4E1 include Thielaviopsis basicola, Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium moniliforme, Phytophthora cinnamomi, and Phytophthora parasitica. Comparatively, the least sensitive fungal pathogens were Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum destructivum, and Rhizoctonia solani. The two bacterial pathogens, P. syringae pv. tabaci and X. campestris pv. malvacearum race 18, were most sensitive to D4E1 with MIC values of 2.25 and 1.25 microM, respectively. Microscopic analysis of D4E1 effects on fungal morphology of Aspergillus flavus and R. solani revealed abnormal hyphal growth and discontinuous cytoplasm. After 8 h of exposure to 25 microM D4E1, A. flavus spore germination was reduced by 75%. The suitability of peptide D4E1 to enhance disease resistance in transgenic crop plants is discussed.
The Geometric Structure of the Brain Fiber Pathways (2012)

The structure of the brain as a product of morphogenesis is difficult to reconcile with the observed complexity of cerebral connectivity. We therefore analyzed relationships of adjacency and crossing between cerebral fiber pathways in four nonhuman primate species and in humans by using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. The cerebral fiber pathways formed a rectilinear three-dimensional grid continuous with the three principal axes of development. Cortico-cortical pathways formed parallel sheets of interwoven paths in the longitudinal and medio-lateral axes, in which major pathways were local condensations. Cross-species homology was strong and showed emergence of complex gyral connectivity by continuous elaboration of this grid structure. This architecture naturally supports functional spatio-temporal coherence, developmental path-finding, and incremental rewiring with correlated adaptation of structure and function in cerebral plasticity and evolution.
Rational Optimization of a Short Human P-selectin-binding Peptide Leads to Nanomolar Affinity Antagonists (2003)

P-selectin plays an important role in the development of various diseases, including atherosclerosis and thrombosis. In our laboratory we recently identified a number of specific human P-selectin-binding peptides containing a Glu-Trp-Val-Asp-Val consensus motif, displaying a low micromolar affinity for P-selectin (IC(50) = 2 microm). In search of more potent antagonists for P-selectin, we have optimized the EWVDV pentapeptide core motif via a two-step combinatorial chemistry approach. A dedicated library of peptide derivatives was generated by introducing seven substituents at the N and C termini of the motif. In particular, pentapeptides with gallic acid or 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid substituents at the N terminus proved to be considerably more potent inhibitors of P-selectin binding than the parental peptide. After removal of the N-terminal glutamic acid from the core sequence, which appeared to be replaceable by a carboxamide function without loss of affinity, a second library was synthesized to map the chemical moieties within the gallic acid or 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxyl acid groups responsible for the enhanced P-selectin binding. Moreover, by varying the length and rigidity of the connective spacer, we have further optimized the spatial orientation of the N-terminal substituent. The combined use of phage display and subsequent combinatorial chemistry led to the design of a number of gallic acid- containing peptides with low nanomolar affinity for P-selectin both under static and dynamic conditions (IC(50) = 15.4 nm). These small synthetic antagonists, which are equally as potent as the natural ligand P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, are promising leads in anti-atherothrombotic therapy.
The identification of selenium species in biological samples (2000)

Selenium is an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and other enzyme systems and is therefore essential for animal metabolism. It is, however, toxic at concentrations little above those required for health. Some plants accumulate selenium from seleniferous soils and constitute a toxic hazard to grazing stock. The more complex organic selenium compounds that occur naturally in plants, animals and microorganisms have been characterized following their isolation or partial isolation, and have often been identified by their similarity to analogous sulphur compounds. The occurrence and identification ­of selenium compounds in biological samples and methods for their analysis are reviewed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Processing of Neuregulin-1 by Neuropsin Regulates GABAergic Neuron to Control Neural Plasticity of the Mouse Hippocampus (2012)

Protease-mediated signaling is an important modulator of the nervous system. However, identifying the specific signaling substrates of such proteases is limited by the rapidity with which intermediate substrate forms are cleaved and released. Here, a screening method to detect noncleaved enzyme-bound forms was developed and used to identify a novel neuropsin/neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) proteolytic signaling system, which is specifically localized in the microdomain of synaptic cleft, in the mouse hippocampus. The extracellular protease, neuropsin, cleaved mature NRG-1 (comprising the extracellular domain of the NRG-1) at three newly identified sites to remove the heparin-binding domain of NRG-1. This released the ligand moiety from the matrix-glycosaminoglycan pool and enabled it to trigger the phosphorylation of NRG-1 receptor, p185 (ErbB4). Proteolysis of mature NRG-1 by neuropsin led to colocalization of the processed NRG-1 with ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive hippocampal interneurons and consequent phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of proteins in the cells. Moreover, neuropsin knock-out mice exhibited impairments in Schaffer collateral early phase long-term potentiation, and application of the recombinant NRG-1 lacking heparin-binding activity reversed the effects through the activation of ErbB4 and GABA(A) receptors. Thus, ErbB4 signaling induced by neuropsin-dependent processing of NRG-1 contributes to the modulation of synaptic plasticity via regulation of GABAergic transmission. This signaling system may be involved in human cognition and mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, by its dysfunction.
Mössbauer Effect in the Ferroelectric PbTiO3–BiFeO3 Solid Solutions (1969)

The Mössbauer spectra of the system (PbTiO3)0.95(BiFeO3)0.05 have been studied from room temperature to 585°C. From the isomer-shift of 0.491±0.02 mmsec−1 at room temperature, the ionicity is found to be 60%±20%. A discontinuity in the plot of isomer-shift versus temperature at Tc is observed. The quadrupole splitting at room temperature is 0.295±0.02 mm/sec−1. A dip in the Mössbauer fraction is observed at the Curie temperature.
Foundations for an Empirically Determined Scale of Trust in Automated Systems (2000)

One component in the successful use of automated systems is the extent to which people trust the automation to perform effectively. In order to understand the relationship between trust in computerized systems and the use of those systems, we need to be able to effectively measure trust. Although questionnaires regarding trust have been used in prior studies, these questionnaires were theoretically rather than empirically generated and did not distinguish between three potentially different types of trust: human-human trust, human-machine trust, and trust in general. A 3-phased experiment, comprising a word elicitation study, a questionnaire study, and a paired comparison study, was performed to better understand similarities and differences in the concepts of trust and distrust, and among the different types of trust. Results indicated that trust and distrust can be considered opposites, rather than different concepts. Components of trust, in terms of words related to trust, were similar across the three types of trust. Results obtained from a cluster analysis were used to identify 12 potential factors of trust between people and automated systems. These 12 factors were then used to develop a proposed scale to measure trust in automation.
Low-Cost Autonomous Vehicles for Urban Environments (2008)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Despite the rapid progress in the development of autonomous vehicles, as seen in the DARPA Urban Challenge 2007, there has been very little emphasis on minimizing costs. Some teams spent upward of $10 million in developmental expenses. The cost factor is very important as it is the primary driver leading to the commercialization of autonomous technology. With this fact in mind, an alternative approach has been emphasized here, wherein a fully autonomous vehicle designed for urban environments has been developed and tested for under $20,000 in hardware costs. Moreover, this vehicle passed several rounds of elimination to participate in the semi-finals of the DARPA Urban Challenge at Victorville, California, in November 2007.</div>
A modified hepatitis B virus surface antigen with the receptor-binding site for hepatocytes at its C terminus: expression, antigenicity and immunogenicity (1994)

A modified hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen, the SA-28 protein, was constructed and expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus in mammalian cells. This protein was composed of a PreS1 region-derived peptide (amino acids 21 to 47) that contained the hepatocyte receptor-binding site, joined to the C terminus of the major S protein at amino acid position 223. This modified surface antigen could be efficiently assembled into particles with a density of 1.23 g/ml and could be secreted from several mammalian cell lines. The results of immunoprecipitation revealed that the SA-28 protein was recognized by both the anti-S protein antibody and the anti-PreS1 antibody. A strong antibody response, against both the S protein and PreS1 epitopes, was induced in BALB/c mice immunized by the SA-28 particles indicating good immunogenicity. These results suggested that the HBV surface antigen consisting of the SA-28 protein could be a promising candidate as a new HBV vaccine with higher efficacy.
Information‐processing analysis of college teaching (1979)

This article constitutes an optimistic argument that basic research on human cognitive processes has yielded principles and phenomena that have considerable promise in guiding the design and execution of college instruction. To illustrate that point, four somewhat interrelated principles and phenomena arc outlined and some possible implications and applications of those principles and phenomena are put forward.
3D PCB architecture for next generation high speed interconnections (2005)

Purpose To review the challenges confronting the electronics interconnection industry as it transitions into the gigahertz frequency range and to describe novel prospective solutions designed to circumvent the problems by means of alternative interconnection architectures while remaining within the confines of the existing manufacturing infrastructure. Design/methodology/approach The paper has been written in a manner so as to provide first a brief review of the history of interconnections as background reference, providing access and understanding to a broader readership of the significance of the area of investigation. From there, the paper describes the problems facing electronic circuit manufactures relative to the serious matter of assuring signal integrity of high speed interconnections. It then goes on to describe a general class of prospective solutions, which can be implemented through simple architectural changes in design and manufacture. Finally, the paper describes a prototype system which was fabricated using the concepts and the first‐order findings are provided. Findings From operation of the prototype system, it was found that the concepts, relative to PCB architectural changes prescribed in the paper are capable of delivering performance levels beyond what is accepted when using traditional interconnection modalities. The 10 Gbps backplane prototype has proved capable of sending a 100 mV peak‐to‐peak signal a distance of 75 cm through a two wire single differential pair which pass through two industry standard connectors. The signal generated has a ∼65 percent margin indicating it could go much further and determining the limits an object of future study. The modulation is standard NRZ. With only two wires there was no cross talk in the system, however, the next stage of investigation will consist of a multi‐device assembly to see what cross talk effect there might be, if any. Originality/value The chief value of the paper resides in its disclosure of novel approaches to electronic interconnection involving simple changes in circuit architectural structures which extend the signal performance limits of copper interconnections, well beyond present consensus expectations of industry. Moreover, the paper provides first experimental results of the technology in actual operation as proof of concept.
Head-Medium Spacing Measurement Using the Read-Back Signal (2006)

This paper presents head-medium spacing measurements for longitudinal recording using the triple harmonic ratio method. The head-medium spacing change is calculated using the readback signal and compared with the slider design flying height at the pole tip. The variation of head-medium spacing using the triple harmonic ratio method is calculated. The stability of the measurement is assessed
Mucoid <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is a marker of poor survival in cystic fibrosis (1992)

The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of mucoid and non-mucoid isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (muPs and non-muPs) from the sputa of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Eighty-one children with CF who coughed up sputum daily were recruited and followed over 12 months with frequent sputum cultures. At the end of this observation period they were classified to one of three age-matched groups. In 50 mPs was isolated on one or more occasions; 19 grew non-muPs but not muPs, and 12 grew no isolates of Ps aeruginosa. These 81 children and adolescents were followed for a further 8 years or until they died. Twenty-one (42%) of the muPs patients died compared with two (11%) of the non-muPs and one (8%) of the no Ps patients (P less than 0.01). Stepwise regression indicated that forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) had the main predictive effect but that age, Shwachman score and muPs also had a predictive effect. Identification of mucoid forms of Ps aeruginosa is an unfavorable prognostic factor but the isolation of non-mucoid strains does not appear to be any more important than the isolation of other common respiratory pathogens.
A Transputer Based Adaptive Control System (1991)

The paper considers the application of a multiple processor system to adaptive control. The system is based on the Inmos T800 floating point microprocessor. The adaptive system is structured in three levels: adaptive controller, parameter estimator and system supervisor. The multiple processor system is intended to act as an integrated environment for the initialization, analysis and supervision of an adaptive controller. It has useful commissioning tools and more intelligent controller management functions than are available with commercial adaptive controllers. A supervisor or coordination level is added to supervise the adaption and control levels in order to improve the applicability, robustness and integrity of the controller in real-time applications. An example is considered and the performance of the system is shown to be enhanced by the many functions within the supervisor.