gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of 3D Electroanatomical Navigation (CARTO-3) to Minimize or Eliminate Fluoroscopy Use in the Ablation of Pediatric Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias (2016)

Catheter ablation for SVT in children can be successfully performed in patients with normal cardiac anatomy using minimal or no fluoroscopy with favorable outcomes.
Characterisation of human and murine snRNP proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and phosphopeptide analysis of U1-specific 70K protein variants (1990)

The proteins of the major human snRNPs U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 were characterised by two-dimensional electrophoresis, with isoelectric focussing in the first dimension and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the second. With the exception of protein F, which exhibits an acidic pl value (pl = 3.3), the snRNP proteins are basic. Post-translational modification was found among the proteins associated specifically with the U1 and U2 particles. The most complex modification pattern was observed for the U1-specific 70K protein. This was found in at least 13 isoelectric variants, with pl values ranging from 6.7 to 8.7; these variants differed also in molecular weight. All of the 70K variants are phosphorylated in the cell. Thin-layer analysis of their tryptic phosphopeptides revealed that the 70K variants have four major phosphopeptides in common, in addition to which at least four additional serine residues are phosphorylated to different extents. The comparative phosphopeptide analysis shows that differential phosphorylation alone is not sufficient to explain the occurrence of the many isoelectric variants of 70K, so that the final charge of the 70K variants is determined both by phosphorylation and by other, as yet unidentified posttranslational modifications. By two-dimensional separation of snRNP proteins obtained from mouse Ehrlich ascites tumour cells, it was shown that the pattern of pl values of the mouse proteins was almost identical with the corresponding pattern for human proteins. Even the complex modification patterns of the 70K protein are identical in mouse and man, indicating that the presence in the cell of so many variants of this protein may have functional importance. The major difference between murine and human snRNP proteins is the absence of protein B' from mouse snRNPs. This suggests that the homologous protein B may be able to carry out the task of protein B'.
Simulation of Stator Extrusion Process Based on Rigid Visco-Plastic FEM (2005)

This paper begins with a discussion of the limitation of traditional process of oil pump stator, followed by a presentation of a new forming process of the stator. In this process a warm-extrusion technology is employed. In order to confirm the feasibility of this new process, shorten the period of development and reduce the cost of the mould, FEM simulation and analysis of oil pump stator warm forming process have been taken and parameters of the process and mould have been optimized. The veracity of numerical simulation has been validated through the comparison with physical tests. Results shown by the study are as follows. Firstly, the oil pump stator formed by the new process presents higher mechanical performance and higher material utilization ratio. Secondly, products with high quality can be achieved by using the blanks optimized by numerical simulation. Lastly, physical experimental results suggest that FEM numerical simulation is an advanced and effective method for analyzing the problem of metal plastic forming. Products with higher performance in forming can be achieved by using the method optimized by FEM numerical simulation. The simulation results agree with the experimental results.
Electrochemical Behaviors of Nickel/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Anodes with Distribution Controlled Yttrium-Doped Barium Zirconate by Ink-jet Technique (2012)

The relationship between the electrochemical performance of an anode in a solid oxide fuel cell and the distribution of yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY) in the electrochemically active zone of nickel (Ni)/yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anodes was investigated to clarify the promoting effect of BZY on electrochemical reaction. After BZY was injected into Ni/YSZ anodes using an ink-jet technique for control of the distribution of BZY, the anode performance improved in both humidified H2 and dry CH4 fuels. The performance of the BZY-infiltrated Ni/YSZ anodes depended on the distribution of BZY; an increasing gradient of BZY from the electrolyte side to the anode surface side was particularly effective in improving the performance. These results suggest that the optimum amount of infiltrated BZY to enhance the electrochemical reaction depended on the distribution of the oxygen chemical potential in the Ni/YSZ anodes. According to the competitive adsorption equilibrium of reactants and the Langmuir-type reaction on the surface of Ni at the triple-phase boundary, the oxygen coverage was a critical factor in the electrochemical reaction and depended on the oxygen chemical potential. In conclusion, the enhanced electrochemical reaction in the BZY-infiltrated Ni/YSZ anodes was therefore due to the increased oxygen coverage.
Effect of substrate-induced strain in the transport properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures (2010)

This paper studies the effect of substrate-induced strain in the transport properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown on Si substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Partial thinning of the original Si substrate by chemical dry etching has been used to induce controllable amounts of biaxial strain in the sample. After each etching step, Raman and Hall effect—Van Der Pauw measurements were performed as a function of remaining Si substrate thickness to study the residual biaxial strain and transport properties of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). A 25% increase in the 2DEG density was obtained after removal of ∼30% of the total Si thickness. In addition, a 20% higher electron mobility has been observed under biaxial strain increase. This new technology has been applied to standard AlGaN/GaN transistors grown on Si substrates to increase their maximum current density by ∼20%.
Vilazodone: A new treatment option for major depressive disorder (2011)

Vilazodone hydrochloride belongs to a new class of antidepressants-the indolalkylamines-and has dual activity as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and as a partial agonist of the serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor. Its antidepressant activity has been demonstrated in two 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials and in a 1-year open-label study. None of these trials compared vilazodone with existing antidepressants; however, changes in depressive symptoms after vilazodone treatment were similar to those reported for SSRIs. The most common adverse events were diarrhea and nausea, although these were mild to moderate in severity and rarely a cause for discontinuation. No important clinical changes in vital signs, laboratory values, ECG morphology and sexual function were observed or reported.
Six mouse alpha-tubulin mRNAs encode five distinct isotypes: testis-specific expression of two sister genes. (1986)

Five mouse alpha-tubulin isotypes are described, each distinguished by the presence of unique amino acid substitutions within the coding region. Most, though not all of these isotype-specific amino acids, are clustered at the carboxy terminus. One of the alpha-tubulin isotypes described is expressed exclusively in testis and is encoded by two closely related genes (M alpha 3 and M alpha 7) which have homologous 3' untranslated regions but which differ at multiple third codon positions and in their 5' untranslated regions. We show that a subfamily of alpha-tubulin genes encoding the same testis-specific isotype also exists in humans. Thus, we conclude that the duplication event leading to a pair of genes encoding a testis-specific alpha-tubulin isotype predated the mammalian radiation, and both members of the duplicated sequence have been maintained since species divergence. A second alpha-tubulin gene, M alpha 6, is expressed ubiquitously at a low level, whereas a third gene, M alpha 4, is unique in that it does not encode a carboxy-terminal tyrosine residue. This gene yields two transcripts: a 1.8-kilobase (kb) mRNA that is abundant in muscle and a 2.4-kb mRNA that is abundant in testis. Whereas the 1.8-kb mRNA encodes a distinct alpha-tubulin isotype, the 2.4-kb mRNA is defective in that the methionine residue required for translational initiation is missing. Patterns of developmental expression of the various alpha-tubulin isotypes are presented. Our data support the view that individual tubulin isotypes are capable of conferring functional specificity on different kinds of microtubules.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum Can Act as a Functional Ca2+ Store in All Subcellular Regions of the Pancreatic Acinar Cell (1997)

Stimulation of pancreatic acinar cells raises [Ca2+]i via Ca2+ release from inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ stores, generally considered to reside within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, with physiological doses of cholinergic agonists, the [Ca2+]i increase is localized to the apical (secretory) pole of the cell, leading to suggestions that zymogen (secretory) granules themselves may constitute an InsP3-sensitive Ca2+ store responsible for localized Ca2+ release. We have therefore re-investigated whether the ER in pancreatic acinar cells is capable of acting as a functional Ca2+ store in all, or only some, cellular regions. In streptolysin O-permeabilized cells, the ER accumulated up to 25 mmol of 45Ca2+ per liter ER volume by an ATP-dependent, thapsigargin-sensitive, process. This tracer Ca2+ uptake was dependent on ambient (loading) [Ca2+], as was the intra-ER free [Ca2+], assessed by imaging the fluorescence of Magfura-2 within the Ca2+ stores. Comparison of free and total intra-ER [Ca2+] indicated that 200-300 Ca2+ ions are bound within the ER lumen for every Ca2+ ion remaining free. Subcellular analysis showed that ER stores in all regions of the permeabilized cell took up Ca2+ at loading [Ca2+] between 60 nM and 1 microM. Thapsigargin released Ca2+ from stores in all cellular regions, as did InsP3. Immunofluorescence with antibodies against sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum-2b type Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase or calreticulin confirmed that ER Ca2+ stores were present throughout the cytoplasm. In summary, these results clearly show that the endoplasmic reticulum can act as a functional Ca2+ store in all regions of the acinar cell, including the apical pole.
Bubble dynamics in multilayer garnet films (1976)

The results of transient motion of bubbles in multilayer films are presented. These results are compared to present models of dynamic conversion and ballistic overshoot, followed by a discussion of the possible spin dynamics in multilayer films.
pH-responsive polymer core-shell nanospheres for drug delivery (2013)

Stimuli-responsive polymer nanoparticles are playing an increasingly more important role in drug delivery applications. However, limited knowledge has been accumulated about processes which use stimuli-responsive polymer nanospheres (matrix nanoparticles whose entire mass is solid) to carry and deliver hydrophobic therapeutics in aqueous solution. In this research, pyrene was selected as a model hydrophobic drug and a pyrene-loaded core-shell structured nanosphere named poly(DEAEMA)-poly(PEGMA) was designed as a drug carrier where DEAEMA and PEGMA represent 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, respectively. The pyrene-loaded core-shell nanospheres were prepared via an in situ two-step semibatch emulsion polymerization method. The particle size of the core-shell nanosphere can be well controlled through adjusting the level of surfactant used in the polymerization where an average particle diameter of below 100 nm was readily achieved. The surfactant was removed via a dialysis operation after polymerization. Egg lecithin vesicles (liposome) were prepared to mimic the membrane of a cell and to receive the released pyrene from the nanosphere carriers. The in vitro release profiles of pyrene toward different pH liposome vesicles were recorded as a function of time at 37 °C. It was found that release of pyrene from the core-shell polymer matrix can be triggered by a change in the environmental pH. In particular the pyrene-loaded nanospheres are capable of responding to a narrow window of pH change from pH = 5, 6, to 7 and can achieve a significant pyrene release of above 80% within 90 h. The rate of release increased with a decrease in pH. A first-order kinetic model was proposed to describe the rate of release with respect to the concentration of pyrene in the polymer matrix. The first-order rate constant of release k was thus determined as 0.049 h−1 for pH = 5; 0.043 h−1 for pH = 6; and 0.035 h−1 for pH = 7 at 37 °C. The release of pyrene was considered to follow a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The synthesis and encapsulation process developed herein provides a new approach to prepare smart nanoparticles for efficient delivery of hydrophobic drugs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 4440–4450
Definitive Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease Using Olfactory Mucosal Biopsy. (1994)

Characteristic changes appearing in the biopsied olfactory mucosa of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients were investigated using immunohistochemical staining. Specimens were obtained from 6 patients who were clinically diagnosed with AD, 2 patients with cerebrovascular dementia and 5 age-matched patients with olfactory disturbance without dementia. In most AD cases, polyclonal tau protein immunoreactivity was seen in the dendrites, perikarya of the olfactory receptor cells in the olfactory epithelium and the olfactory nerve bundles in the lamina propria. In a few cases, tau protein immunoreactivity was found in the extracellular mass in the epithelium. Ubiquitin immunoreactivity was seen is the dendrites of olfactory receptor cells. On the other hand, in control cases, only dendrites and olfactory nerve bundles reacted to anti-polyclonal tau protein antiserum in a few cases. These results indicate that the neurofibrillary tangle-like tau protein immunoreactivity in the perikarya senile plaque-like extracellular mass and ubiquitin immunoreactivity in the olfactory epithelium were characteristic changes in AD, and olfactory mucosal biopsy is a useful method for the definitive diagnosis of AD.
Effect of cyclosporin A on T cell immunity I. Dose‐dependent suppression of different murine T helper cell pathways (1989)

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is used as a clinical immunosuppressive agent. Despite its immunosuppressive potential, some studies involving in vivo administration of cyclosporin have failed to verify the immunosuppressive activity of this agent. The present study investigates the effect of different concentrations of CsA added in vitro, or of different doses of CsA administered in vivo, on the ability of murine spleen cells to produce interleukin 2 and to generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro when stimulated with TNP-self or H-2 alloantigens. The results indicate that self Ia-restricted T helper (Th) cells are more sensitive to lower doses of CsA than Th cells that are allorestricted. Thus, doses of CsA were found (15-30 mg/kg) that inactivated self Ia-restricted Th function, but not other Th or effector function. This Th cell defect could be partially corrected in vitro by addition of Th cell factors to the sensitization cultures. A higher dose (75 mg/kg) of CsA inactivated all detectable T cell responses, and this defect was not corrected by addition of Th cell factors. T cell function returned to normal levels within two weeks of cessation of CsA at all three doses of CsA tested. The selective loss of L3T4 Th function at the lower doses of CsA was associated with a radiosensitive, Ly-2 suppressor T cell that was selective in its action on self Ia-restricted Th cell function. Loss of all T cell function at the higher dose of CsA was associated with a radioresistant non-T suppressor cell that inactivated all T cell function tested. These results are discussed with respect to the selective dose-dependent effects of CsA on Th subsets, on the activation of suppressor cells with similar selectivity, and the implications of these findings on the use of CsA to prevent rejection of tissue allografts.
Software-Defined Networking: Experimenting with the Control to Forwarding Plane Interface (2012)

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging network architecture where the network control plane is decoupled from the forwarding plane and is programmable via an open protocol. Forwarding and Control Element Separation (Forces) first and OpenFlow later are the prevailing protocols that enable this separation. The differences between the two stem from the underlying models they are defined upon. While OpenFlow is widely used, its capability for adding new functionality of the Forwarding plane is questionable, a fact that is attributed to a restricted model. In contrast, Forces has a very dynamic model that makes its protocol quite powerful but has known little spread due to lack of industry adoption and in the academic world due to lack of open source availability for experimentation. In this paper we first investigate ways of possible confluence or convergence of Forces and OpenFlow and later we explore a real-life service use case for applying a Enabled-enabled OpenFlow switch.
Inhibition of protein synthesis and early protein processing by thapsigargin in cultured cells (1993)

Thapsigargin, a tumour-promoting sesquiterpene lactone, selectively inhibits the Ca(2+)-ATPase responsible for Ca2+ accumulation by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mobilization of ER-sequestered Ca2+ to the cytosol and to the extracellular fluid subsequently ensues, with concomitant alteration of cellular functions. Thapsigargin was found to serve as a rapid, potent and efficacious inhibitor of amino acid incorporation in cultured mammalian cells. At concentrations mobilizing cell-associated Ca2+ to the extracellular fluid, thapsigargin provoked extensive inhibition of protein synthesis within 10 min. The inhibition in GH3 pituitary cells involved the synthesis of almost all polypeptides, was not associated with increased cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), and was not reversed at high extracellular Ca2+. The transient rise in [Ca2+]i triggered by ionomycin was diminished by thapsigargin. Polysomes failed to accumulate in the presence of the drug, indicative of impaired translational initiation. With longer (1-3 h) exposures to thapsigargin, recovery of translational activity was observed accompanied by increased synthesis of the ER protein glucose-regulated stress protein 78 or immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein ('GRP78/BiP') and its mRNA. Such inductions were comparable with those observed previously with Ca2+ ionophores which mobilize the cation from all intracellular sequestered sites. Actin mRNA concentrations declined significantly during such treatments. In HepG2 cells processing and secretion of the glycoprotein alpha 1-antitrypsin were rapidly suppressed by thapsigargin. Ca2+ sequestered specifically by the ER is concluded to be essential for optimal protein synthesis and processing. These rapid effects of thapsigargin on mRNA translation, protein processing and gene expression should be considered when evaluating potential mechanisms by which this tumour promoter influences cellular events.
Ecology of the Soft Rot Erwinias (1980)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
Traditional Classification and Novel Subtyping Systems for Bladder Cancer (2020)

Bladder cancer is the most common tumor in the urinary system, with approximately 420,000 new cases and 160,000 deaths per year. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EOTRC) classifies non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) into low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk groups based on a comprehensive analysis of NMIBC pathological parameters and the risk of recurrence and progression to muscular invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Traditional classification systems are based on pathologic grading, staging systems, and clinical prognosis. However, the pathological parameters of the tumor cannot fully reflect the "intrinsic characteristics" of bladder cancer, and tumors with a similar pathology exhibit different biological behaviors. Furthermore, although the traditional classification system cannot accurately predict the risk of recurrence or the progression of bladder cancer patients (BCs) individually, this method is widely used in clinical practice because of its convenient operation. With the development of sequencing and other technologies, the genetics-based molecular subtyping of bladder cancer has become increasingly studied. Compared with the traditional classification system, it provides more abundant tumor biological information and is expected to assist or even replace the traditional typing system in the future.
Immune Dysregulation in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis (2018)

Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial disease. Epidermal barrier impairment often plays the initial role in the initiation of the disease. Immune dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immunity plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Alteration of the epidermal microbiome-host interaction serves a catalytic role in propagating this immune response. The understanding of this disease pathogenesis is important in generating treatment options, especially those such as biologic agents that can target a specific immune pathway.
Monitoring patients via a secure and mobile healthcare system (2010)

Patient monitoring provides flexible and powerful patient surveillance through wearable devices at any time and anywhere. The increasing feasibility and convenience of mobile healthcare has already introduced several significant challenges for healthcare providers, policy makers, hospitals, and patients. A major challenge is to provide round-the-clock healthcare services to those patients who require it via wearable wireless medical devices. Furthermore, many patients have privacy concerns when it comes to releasing their personal information over open wireless channels. As a consequence, one of the most important and challenging issues that healthcare providers must deal with is how to secure the personal information of patients and to eliminate their privacy concerns. In this article we present several techniques that can be used to monitor patients effectively and enhance the functionality of telemedicine systems, and discuss how current secure strategies can impede the attacks faced by wireless communications in healthcare systems and improve the security of mobile healthcare.