gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MoneyBee: Towards enabling a ubiquitous, efficient, and easy-to-use mobile crowdsourcing service in the emerging market (2011)

We present a mobile crowdsourcing platform called MoneyBee that is accessible to mobile phone users in emerging markets through their mobile operators. The operator has a large subscriber base and the ability to pay task workers using prepaid airtime minutes. These advantages allow MoneyBee to reach far more people than conventional Internet crowdsourcing approaches. The mobile operator already has access to information on user demographics, location and presence, and monthly spending patterns. In addition, the MoneyBee platform gathers user information (such as preferences, skills, and reliability) from a user's interaction with the crowdsourcing service. Using this data to intelligently assign crowd-sourcing tasks to relevant workers is a challenging problem. Similarly, efficient dispatching of tasks to minimize the network load on the operator network is equally important. Further, simple interfaces (including speech) are needed to submit as well as execute crowdsourcing tasks on the mobile device. We describe initial solutions to some of these challenges in this paper.
Plants Used as Veterinary Medicine in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh, India (1987)

An ethnobotanical exploration was carried out from 1980 to 1985 in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh, one of the southern States of India. In this report, the authors present fifty seven plants exclusively used by the tribal and non-tribal people of Chittoor district for different diseases of their domestic animals.
A Nonlinear Control Scheme Applied to Track-Seeking in Hard Disk Drive Dual Stage Servo System (2003)

A nonlinear control scheme applied to track-seeking in hard disk dual stage servo system is presented. A reference input-shaping generator is designed to produce a smooth approximation of step signal so as to reduce the variation of tracking error. As the plant is a DISO (dual-input single-output) system, two seperate reference signals are used for the VCM controller and the MA controller. The VCM controller is designed as a nonlinear one to compensate for the usual tradeoff between reponse speed and overshoot in the step response of linear system and the MA control loop is a simple bandpass filter to attenuate the effect of the MA high frequency resonance and compensate for the small tracking error caused by the VCM loop. A switch is used in the MA loop to make it work only when error is in the range of ±1μm due to MA stroke limitation. Simulation is given in the end.
ON THE OXIDATION OF HYDRAZINE. III. (1909)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTON THE OXIDATION OF HYDRAZINE. III.A. W. Browne and F. F. ShetterlyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1909, 31, 2, 221–237Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1909Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1909https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01932a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01932a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Studies on T. utilis tRNATyr Variants with Enzymatically Altered D-Loop Sequences. I. Deletion of the Conserved Sequence Gm-G and Its Effects on Aminoacylation and Conformation1 (1985)

Variants of T. utilis tRNATyr containing deletions or substitutions of nucleotides in the D-loop region have been prepared by several enzymatic reaction steps in vitro. Although these variants lack the "conserved" nucleotides Gm18-G19 in their D-loop, their tyrosine-accepting capacities are indistinguishable from that of the native tRNATyr. Thermal denaturation studies with tRNATyr variants lacking the Gm18-G19 sequence have revealed a biphasic nature of the melting profile, suggesting the loss of tertiary interactions between Gm18-G19 and somewhere in the molecule (probably in the T psi C-loop region). These results indicate that nucleotide sequences around Gm18-G19 (i.e. D16-D-Gm-G19 or Gm18-G-D-D21) themselves are not essential sites for the recognition of tRNATyr by T. utilis tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and that tRNATyr variants with an apparently "relaxed" conformation still have full aminoacylation capacities at around 30 degrees C.
Solubility of gases in polyethylene (1961)

Abstract The solubility constants for thirteen permanent gases were measured within the temperature range 5–55°C. in a linear and a branched polyethylene, hydrogenated polybutadiene, and natural rubber. Equilibrium and time lag solubility determinations were made, the latter being indirectly obtained as the ratio of the permeability to the diffusion constants. Within experimental precision, equilibrium and time lag measurements were in agreement. The solubility of each gas in polyethylene was found to be proportional to the volume fraction of amorphous material when the polymer was treated as a simple, two‐phase mixture of crystalline and amorphous polymer, each with a characteristic specific volume. Even the small helium molecule exhibited no detectible solubility in the crystallites according to this model. Therefore, a solubility constant in completely amorphous polyethylene could be determined for each gas which, with the density of an arbitrary sample, would enable calculation of the solubility of each gas in that particular sample. A correlation of the solubility constants in completely amorphous polyethylene was obtained from a thermodynamic model of the disolution process. Comparison of this correlation with a similar one for normal hydrocarbon liquids emphasized the analogy between the amorphous phase in polyethylene and these low molecular weight substances. The solubility constants in natural rubber, a completely amorphous polymer under the experimental conditions, were approximately 50% higher than those in amorphous polyethylene. Higher intermolecular forces due to the unsaturation in natural rubber may account for this result. The apparent heats of solution of all gases in branched polyethylene were approximately 1.0 kcal./g. mole more positive than those in linear polyethylene. This behavior was shown quantitatively, by comparison with dilatometric data, to be simply the result of crystalline melt‐out in branched polyethylene. In linear polyethylene the experimental solubility data yielded essentially true heats of solution, since negligible crystalline melt‐out occurred between 5 and 55°C. These were correlated quite satisfactorily by further application of the thermodynamic model for the dissolution process. Available evidence, therefore, indicates that the crystallites in polyethylene are impenetrable, and are randomly distributed on a macroscopic scale with respect to the diffusion and dissolution processes. The amorphous phase behaves as a homogeneous liquid whose thermodynamic properties are independent of the mode of polymer preparation, thermal history of the sample, and level of crystallinity.
The Waite Group's Windows API bible : the definitive programmer's reference (1992)

An overview of Windows programming creating Windows Windows support functions menus scroll bars mouse functions keyboard support message processing functions Windows messages device contexts and text painting the screen dialogue boxes memory management bitmaps cursor control icons the Clipboard sound functions string manipulation functions file and DOS access functions communication functions atom functions metafiles the timer resources execution profiling and debugging help file support dynamic link libraries seldom-used functions.
Quantitative Analysis of Bacterial and Mammalian Proteomes Using a Combination of Cysteine Affinity Tags and <sup>15</sup>N-Metabolic Labeling (2001)

We describe the combined use of 15N-metabolic labeling and a cysteine-reactive biotin affinity tag to isolate and quantitate cysteine-containing polypeptides (Cys-polypeptides) from Deinococcus radiodurans as well as from mouse B16 melanoma cells. D. radiodurans were cultured in both natural isotopic abundance and 15N-enriched media. Equal numbers of cells from both cultures were combined and the soluble proteins extracted. This mixture of isotopically distinct proteins was derivatized using a commercially available cysteine-reactive reagent that contains a biotin group. Following trypsin digestion, the resulting modified peptides were isolated using immobilized avidin. The mixture was analyzed by capillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) online with ion trap mass spectrometry (MS) as well as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) MS. The resulting spectra contain numerous pairs of Cyspolypeptides whose mass difference corresponds to the number of nitrogen atoms present in each of the peptides. Designation of Cys-polypeptide pairs is also facilitated by the distinctive isotopic distribution of the 15N-labeled peptides versus their 14N-labeled counterparts. Studies with mouse B16 cells maintained in culture allowed the observation of hundreds of isotopically distinct pairs of peptides by LC-FTICR analysis. The ratios of the areas of the pairs of isotopically distinct peptides showed the expected 1:1 labeling of the 14N and 15N versions of each peptide. An additional benefit from the present strategy is that the 15N-labeled peptides do not display significant isotope-dependent chromatographic shifts from their 14N-labeled counterparts, therefore improving the precision for quantitating peptide abundances. The methodology presented offers an alternate, cost-effective strategy for conducting global, quantitative proteomic measurements.
Preparation and properties of mitochondria derived from synaptosomes (1976)

A method has been developed whereby a fraction of rat brain mitochondria (synaptic mitochondria) was isolated from synaptosomes. This brain mitochondrial fraction was compared with the fraction of "free" brain mitochondria (non-synaptic) isolated by the method of Clark & Nicklas (1970). (J. Biol. Chem. 245, 4724-4731). Both mitochondrial fractions are shown to be relatively pure, metabolically active and well coupled. 2. The oxidation of a number of substrates by synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria was studied and compared. Of the substrates studied, pyruvate plus malate was oxidized most rapidly by both mitochondrial populations. However, the non-synaptic mitochondria oxidized glutamate plus malate almost twice as rapidly as the synaptic mitochondria. 3. The activities of certain tricarboxylic acid-cycle and related enzymes in synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria were determined. Citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7), isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41) and malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) activities were similar in both fractions, but pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1) activity in non-synaptic mitochondria was higher than in synaptic mitochondria and glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3) activity in non-synaptic mitochondria was lower than that in synaptic mitochondria. 4. Comparison of synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria by rate-zonal separation confirmed the distinct identity of the two mitochondrial populations. The non-synaptic mitochondria had higher buoyant density and evidence was obtained to suggest that the synaptic mitochondria might be heterogeneous. 5. The results are also discussed in the light of the suggested connection between the heterogeneity of brain mitochondria and metabolic compartmentation.
Cardiac Toxicity and Efficacy of Trastuzumab Combined with Pertuzumab in Patients with Trastuzumab-Insensitive Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2008)

Trastuzumab plus pertuzumab may have clinical benefit in selected patients who have previously been treated with trastuzumab. Cardiac toxicity, although asymptomatic in most cases, was associated with this treatment. Further evaluation of efficacy of this combination is required to define the overall risks and benefits.
An Investigation of Water-Urea and Water-Urea-Polyethylene Glycol Interactions (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Investigation of Water-Urea and Water-Urea-Polyethylene Glycol InteractionsGordon G. Hammes and Paul R. SchimmelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 2, 442–446Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00978a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00978a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views648Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Magnetically anisotropic solid rotor of an induction motor (1988)

A conductor, which has magnetically anisotropic and electrically conductive properties, and a magnetically anisotropic solid rotor (matrix rotor) of an induction motor, which uses the conductor, were developed and tested. This conductor is composed of copper-clad steel wires which are aligned in the same direction. This means that the permeability in the direction of the wires is larger than the permeability perpendicular to this direction, and there is good electrical conductivity. These characteristics were confirmed by sample tests. The matrix rotor has a double cylinder structure consisting of a magnetically anisotropic conductor as an outer sheath and a laminated core. The wires are arranged radially so that the outer sheath has a larger radial permeability than circumferential permeability. The matrix rotors of a 0.75 kW induction motor were built for laboratory use. Test results showed that the rotors have less leakage reactance and better characteristics in the heavy load region than a conventional squirrel-cage rotor has.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neutrophil Recruitment by Tumor Necrosis Factor from Mast Cells in Immune Complex Peritonitis (1992)

During generalized immune complex-induced inflammation of the peritoneal cavity, two peaks of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were observed in the peritoneal exudate of normal mice. In mast cell-deficient mice, the first peak was undetected, and the second peak of TNF and neutrophil influx were significantly reduced. Antibody to TNF significantly inhibited neutrophil infiltration in normal but not in mast cell-deficient mice. Mast cell repletion of the latter normalized TNF, neutrophil mobilization, and the effect of the antibody to TNF. Thus, in vivo, mast cells produce the TNF that augments neutrophil emigration.
Model-driven test generation for system level validation (2007)

Functional validation of System Level Models, such as those modeled with SystemC, is an important and complex problem. One of the problems in their functional validation is the test case generation with good coverage and higher potential to find faults in the design. We propose a coverage-directed test generation framework for system level design validation by combining the synchronous language ESTEREL, and its advanced verification capability, with C++ based system level language SystemC. The main contributions of this paper are (i) the inte- grated framework for model-driven development and validation of system-level designs with a combination of ESTEREL, and SystemC; and (ii) the test generation framework for generating test suites to satisfy traditional coverage metrics such as the statement and branch as well as a complex metric such as modified condition/decision coverage (MCDC) employed in the validation of safety-critical software systems. The framework also generates tests that attain functional coverage using properties specified in a temporal language and assertion-based verification (namely PSL). We demonstrate the methodology with a case study by developing and validating a critical power state machine component that is used for power management in embedded systems.
Pinhole x-ray cameras for imaging small-scaled auroral structures (1993)

A balloon-borne x-ray pinhole camera has been developed to detect and image auroral x rays in the energy range 20 to 120 keV. We have flown this camera on four different occasions and have imaged bremsstrahlung x rays from precipitated energetic electrons in the auroral zone and from a circumpolar navigating balloon in Antarctica. The images, which include several dynamic precipitation temporal forms, show that auroral x rays persistently include small spatial structures of ≈2O km (at ionospheric heights). The x-ray energy spectral information as a function of space and time shows that electron precipitation often includes two energy components that can be fit by exponential functions. Typical e-folding energies of these spectra are a few kilo-electron-volts and several tens of kilo-electron-volts. The x-ray camera remote senses characteristics of energetic electron sources in the distant magnetosphere that cannot be achieved by any other means.
Contactless DC connector based on GaN LLC converter for next generation data centers (2014)

Contactless DC connector has been proposed for the next generation 380 V DC distribution system in data centers. A LLC resonant DC-DC converter topology with Gallium Nitride (GaN) power transistors has been applied to realize the short-distance inductively-coupled connector. A prototype of a 1.2 kW 384 V-192 V connector has been fabricated under 500 kHz operation. The conversion efficiency of 95% has been confirmed, and the approach for realizing higher efficiency has been also shown. The contactless DC connector integrates the functioning of an isolated DC-DC converter into a connector for space-saving. The DC current can be cut off without arc because of the inductive coupling. The proposed connector contributes to realizing highly efficient, space-saving and reliable future DC distribution system.
Statistical Independence and Novelty Detection with Information Preserving Nonlinear Maps (1996)

According to Barlow (1989), feature extraction can be understood as finding a statistically independent representation of the probability distribution underlying the measured signals. The search for a statistically independent representation can be formulated by the criterion of minimal mutual information, which reduces to decorrelation in the case of gaussian distributions. If nongaussian distributions are to be considered, minimal mutual information is the appropriate generalization of decorrelation as used in linear Principal Component Analyses (PCA). We also generalize to nonlinear transformations by only demanding perfect transmission of information. This leads to a general class of nonlinear transformations, namely symplectic maps. Conservation of information allows us to consider only the statistics of single coordinates. The resulting factorial representation of the joint probability distribution gives a density estimation. We apply this concept to the real world problem of electrical motor fault detection treated as a novelty detection task.
Advanced Video Technologies and Applications for H.264/AVC and Beyond (2006)

Received 3 August 2006; Accepted 3 August 2006Copyright © 2006 Jar-Ferr (Kevin) Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.
Heterogeneity in dementia of the Alzheimer type (1985)

We reviewed records of 121 consecutive patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Patients with myoclonus or extrapyramidal signs had greater intellectual decline and functional impairment in daily activities. Among patients studied over 4 years, there were four groups: benign--little to no progression; myoclonic--severe intellectual decline and frequent mutism after younger onset; extrapyramidal--severe intellectual and functional decline and frequent psychotic symptoms; typical--a gradual progression of intellectual and functional decline, but without other distinguishing features. Except for the group with myoclonus, no subgroup was segregated by age at onset or other demographic variables. This study suggests that dementia of the Alzheimer type is heterogeneous, and that certain clinical manifestations may be useful in predicting outcome.
Hot-carrier effects in Hydrogen-passivated p-channel polycrystalline-Si MOSFET's (1987)

The dependence of hot-carrier effects on channel length and stress-bias voltage in hydrogen-passivated accumulation-mode p-channel polycrystalline-Si MOSFET's operating in the saturation region has been studied, Before stress, these devices exhibit a minimum value of current at V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> ≈ 0 V but as V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> increases above 0 V, they show an increase in (leakage) current due to field-enhanced generation of carriers near the drain. After stress, the current at V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> ≈ 0 V increases slightly with respect to its pre-stress value. However, the current then monotonically decreases as V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> increases above 0 V unlike the situation before stress. No change in reverse mode (source and drain reversed) characteristics and no change in the ON-state (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> < 0 V) forward-mode characteristic was observed after stress. These observations are shown to be due to hot-carrier-induced acceptor-type interface states near the drain in forward-mode operation.