gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of carbon‐bridged <i>N</i>‐acetyl‐c‐lactosamine and derivatives (1995)

Abstract 4‐ C ‐Formyl‐2‐azidoglucopyranoside 12a , required for N ‐acetyl‐C‐lactosamine synthesis as electrophile, was obtained from thexyldimethylsilyl 2‐azido‐2‐deoxy‐glucopyranoside 3 via readily available 4‐ O ‐unprotected 6a and then 4‐C‐methylene derivative 8a in overall seven steps. Alternatively, regioselective silylation of 3 with tert ‐butyldimethylsilyl chloride gave 4‐ O ‐unprotected 6b which was transformed by a similar reaction sequence into 12a . In order to circumvent a Wittig reaction, 6a was transformed into triflate 13 the reaction of which with 4‐ C ‐cyano derivative 14 followed by reduction with DIBAH and base‐catalyzed isomerization also afforded 12a . Reaction of 12a with 1‐ C ‐lithiated 2‐phenylsul‐finyl‐ D ‐galactal 15 as nucleophile furnished C‐disaccharide intermediates 16a and 16b as diastereoisomers. Ensuing removal of the phenylsulfinyl group with Raney nickel and diastereospecific 2b‐hydrogen and 3b‐hydroxy transfer afforded β(1→4)‐connected N ‐acetyl‐C‐lactosamines 19a and 19b ; their structures were deduced from derivatives 20a, b and 21a, b on the basis of 1 H‐NMR data. Hydrogenolytic O ‐debenzylation of 19b afforded hydroxymethylene‐bridged N ‐acetyl‐C‐lactosamine 2b ′.
Self-phase modulation and optical pulse compression influenced by stimulated Raman scattering in fibers (1988)

We have investigated experimentally the influence of stimulated Raman scattering, under conditions of pulse walk-off, on the propagation of mode-locked 1.06-μm pulses in single-mode, polarization-preserving fibers and on their subsequent pulse compression. Intense stimulated Raman scattering preferentially depletes (and steepens) the leading edge of 1.06-μm pump pulses and clamps the pump pulse energy. Subsequent self-phase modulation of the reshaped pump leads to nonsymmetric spectral broadening and to a nonlinear chirp. Nevertheless, high-quality compressed pulses may be obtained by using an asymmetric spectral window to select a subset of the broadened spectrum. The best compression is achieved when the downshifted spectral components, corresponding to the portion of the pump pulses most severely depleted by stimulated Raman scattering, are selected. Such pulse compression performed under conditions of strong Raman conversion is highly stabilized compared with conventional pulse compression.
Learning Latent Events from Network Message Logs: A Decomposition Based Approach. (2018)

In this communication, we describe a novel technique for event mining using a decomposition based approach that combines non-parametric change-point detection with LDA. We prove theoretical guarantees about sample-complexity and consistency of the approach. In a companion paper, we will perform a thorough evaluation of our approach with detailed experiments.
Structural Confirmation of<i>Exo</i>‐Olefin‐Coupled Polyisobutylene<i>via</i>Model Compound Synthesis and Characterization (2007)

We report the synthesis and characterization of a model compound representing exo‐olefin coupled polyisobutylene (PIB). Under certain conditions during the in situ quenching of quasiliving PIB with hindered bases to yield exo‐olefin‐terminated PIB, remaining PIB carbocations can undergo addition to exo‐olefin PIB to yield coupled PIB with a molecular weight approximately double that of the primary chains. Characterization of the signals that arise in 1H‐NMR from the presence of coupled product has not yet been properly performed; the accurate chemical shifts of these products, specifically the exo‐olefin product, have been in debate recently. Therefore, we carried out the synthesis of a model compound which mimics the exo‐olefin coupled product, and through variations in the synthetic method were able to produce a range of exo‐ and endo‐olefin coupled product mixtures. The model compounds have been fully characterized using NMR techniques, and we herein conclusively report the proton shift (for 500 MHz 1H‐NMR in CDCl3) of 4.82 ppm for the exo‐coupled product and that of 5.11 ppm for the endo‐coupled product.
Stable passively Q-switched and gain-switched Yb-doped all-fiber laser based on a dual-cavity with fiber Bragg gratings (2013)

We demonstrate a stable passively Q-switched and gain-switched Yb-doped all-fiber laser cladding-pumped by a continuous fiber-coupled 976 nm laser diode. By use of an all-fiber dual-cavity, the efficient elements of the laser mainly include the fiber Bragg gratings and rare-earth doped fiber, allowing the oscillator to be integrated in a compact size with reliable and stable output. In this scheme, an efficient laser output with 45 ns pulse width, 62 μJ pulse energy, and 1.4 kW peak power operating at 1081 nm was obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this is the minimum pulse width in this similar kind of all-fiber configuration at present. Sequential nanosecond pulses were obtained at the repetition rate of several to tens of kHz with the variation of the diode pumping power. Effects of laser parameters such as pump power, cavity length, external-cavity wavelength, and FBG reflectivity on laser performance were also presented and discussed.
The First Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Montiporyne E (2006)

Montiporyne E, a novel diacetylenic lactam isolated from the stony coral Montipora sp., was shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against certain solid tumor cells. Construction of a suitably functionalized α,β-unsaturated lactam for palladium-catalyzed couplings was realized via a Beckmann rearrangement. Subsequent Sonagoshira coupling with a known alkyne chain efficiently afforded the alleged structure of the natural product.
Global analysis of estrogen receptor beta binding to breast cancer cell genome reveals an extensive interplay with estrogen receptor alpha for target gene regulation (2011)

Results indicate that the vast majority of the genomic targets of ERβ can bind also ERα, suggesting that the overall action of ERβ on the genome of hormone-responsive BC cells depends mainly on the relative concentration of both ERs in the cell.
Fluxon dynamics in three stacked Josephson junctions (2002)

The motion of fluxons of the same polarity in three vertically stacked Josephson junctions is studied. In this configuration the difference between exterior and interior junctions plays a more important role than in other configurations with several interior junctions. Below the Swihart velocity ${c}_{\ensuremath{-}},$ the coupling between junctions leads to a repulsion of the fluxons with the same polarity. Above this critical velocity a fluxon will induce radiation in the neighboring junctions, leading to a bunching of the fluxons in the stacked junctions. Using the Sakai-Bodin-Pedersen model, three coupled perturbed sine-Gordon equations are numerically studied for different values of coupling, damping, and bias parameters. In a narrow range of velocities bunching occurs. Outside this interval the fluxons split and new fluxons may be created. $I\ensuremath{-}V$ characteristics are presented.
Chromium(III) Complexes with Amino Acids. II. Chromium(III) Complexes with <scp>l</scp>-α-Amino Acids (1977)

Abstract As chromium(III) complexes with l-α-amino acids (alanine, aminobutyric acid, norvaline, norleucine, valine, isoleucine and leucine), [Cr(ala)3], (+)[Cr(am-but)3], [Cr(OH)(am-but)2]2, (+) and (−)[Cr(norval)3], (−)[Cr(norleu)3], [Cr(OH)(norleu)2]2, [Cr(val)2(val–O)(NH3)], (+)[Cr(isoleu)3], [Cr(isoleu)2(isoleu–O)(NH3)], [Cr(OH)(isoleu)2]2, (+) and (−)[Cr(leu)3], and [Cr(OH)(leu)2]2 were prepared by the matrix method in solid state, and [Cr(ala)3], [Cr(am-but)3], [Cr(OH)(am-but)2]2, (−)[Cr(norval)3], [Cr(OH)(norval)2]2, (−)[Cr(norleu)3], [Cr(OH)(norleu)2]2, (+)[Cr(val)3], [Cr(val)2(val–O)(NH3)], [Cr(OH)(val)2]2, (+)[Cr(isoleu)3], [Cr(OH)(isoleu)2]2, and a mixture of diasteroisomers of [Cr(leu)3] were obtained by the usual method in solution. Some differences in the formation of the tris-type and hydroxo-dimer complexes appeared between the two methods. Especially, in the solid reaction, some complexes gave diastereoisomers with optically-active counter structures depending upon the kind of solvents used for preparation. All tris-type chromium(III) complexes with l-α-amino acids were of fac-structure.
The G2385R variant of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 associated with Parkinson's disease is a partial loss-of-function mutation (2012)

Autosomal-dominant missense mutations in LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) are a common genetic cause of PD (Parkinson's disease). LRRK2 is a multidomain protein with kinase and GTPase activities. Dominant mutations are found in the domains that have these two enzyme activities, including the common G2019S mutation that increases kinase activity 2-3-fold. However, there is also a genetic variant in some populations, G2385R, that lies in a C-terminal WD40 domain of LRRK2 and acts as a risk factor for PD. In the present study we show that the G2385R mutation causes a partial loss of the kinase function of LRRK2 and deletion of the C-terminus completely abolishes kinase activity. This effect is strong enough to overcome the kinase-activating effects of the G2019S mutation in the kinase domain. Hsp90 (heat-shock protein of 90 kDa) has an increased affinity for the G2385R variant compared with WT (wild-type) LRRK2, and inhibition of the chaperone binding combined with proteasome inhibition leads to association of mutant LRRK2 with high molecular mass native fractions that probably represent proteasome degradation pathways. The loss-of-function of G2385R correlates with several cellular phenotypes that have been proposed to be kinase-dependent. These results suggest that the C-terminus of LRRK2 plays an important role in maintaining enzymatic function of the protein and that G2385R may be associated with PD in a way that is different from kinase-activating mutations. These results may be important in understanding the differing mechanism(s) by which mutations in LRRK2 act and may also have implications for therapeutic strategies for PD.
New treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (2017)

During the last decade, the treatment of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was revolutionised with the advent of antiangiogenic drugs and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Several agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway (sunitinib, bevacizumab, pazopanib, axitinib) or the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (temsirolimus, everolimus) were since then progressively approved for first-line or later-line use in the treatment of patients with advanced RCC and became the new standard of care. As a result, the survival of patients with advanced RCC has significantly improved from a median overall survival of approximately 12 months in the cytokines era to more than 26 months with first-line VEGF inhibitors. During the two last years, the treatment of advanced RCC has witnessed a second revolution with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors, especially agents targeting the programmed cell death-1 receptor, as well as with the advent of new generation tyrosine-kinase receptor inhibitors. This article will review the new therapeutic options available for the treatment of advanced RCC, as well as the future potential molecular targets that are currently being investigated.
Cytokinin Signaling and Its Inhibitor AHP6 Regulate Cell Fate During Vascular Development (2006)

The cell lineages that form the transporting tissues (xylem and phloem) and the intervening pluripotent procambial tissue originate from stem cells near the root tip. We demonstrate that in Arabidopsis, cytokinin phytohormones negatively regulate protoxylem specification. AHP6, an inhibitory pseudophosphotransfer protein, counteracts cytokinin signaling, allowing protoxylem formation. Conversely, cytokinin signaling negatively regulates the spatial domain of AHP6 expression. Thus, by controlling the identity of cell lineages, the reciprocal interaction of cytokinin signaling and its spatially specific modulator regulates proliferation and differentiation of cell lineages during vascular development, demonstrating a previously unrecognized regulatory circuit underlying meristem organization.
Female facial attractiveness increases during the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle (2004)

The lack of obvious visible manifestations of ovulation in human females, compared with the prominent sexual swellings of many primates, has led to the idea that human ovulation is concealed. While human ovulation is clearly not advertised to the same extent as in some other species, we show here that both men and women judge photographs of women's faces that were taken in the fertile window of the menstrual cycle as more attractive than photographs taken during the luteal phase. This indicates the existence of visible cues to ovulation in the human face, and is consistent with similar cyclical changes observed for preferences of female body odour. This heightened allure could be an adaptive mechanism for raising a female's relative value in the mating market at the time in the cycle when the probability of conception is at its highest.
A brachytic variation in maize (1921)

no.925 (1921)
Molecular Cytogenetics of Human Breast Cancer (1994)

Our studies of human breast cancer using CGH and FISH with precisely mapped probes have revealed a surprising amount of intratumor and intertumor heterogeneity in human breast cancers. However, some regions of abnormal copy number are found frequently. We believe that the regions of frequent abnormality harbor novel cancer genes, and that identification of these is important for diagnosis, prognostication, and the development of new therapies.
Multi-Image Deblurring Using Complementary Sets of Fluttering Patterns (2017)

We present a novel coded exposure video technique for multi-image motion deblurring. The key idea of this paper is to capture video frames with a set of complementary fluttering patterns, which enables us to preserve all spectrum bands of a latent image and recover a sharp latent image. To achieve this, we introduce an algorithm for generating a complementary set of binary sequences based on the modern communication theory and implement the coded exposure video system with an off-the-shelf machine vision camera. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we provide in-depth analyses of the theoretical bounds and the spectral gains of our method and other state-of-the-art computational imaging approaches. We further show deblurring results on various challenging examples with quantitative and qualitative comparisons to other computational image capturing methods used for image deblurring, and show how our method can be applied for protecting privacy in videos.
Repair of dentine-related lesions without a drill or injection (2019)

For covering the shortages of traditional treatments, a novel and non-invasive system was developed with the simple adaption of nature's own repair process, while an extrinsic electric field was introduced to improve its remineralization kinetics. In an <i>in vivo</i> study, acid-etched rabbit dentine was used to evaluate the remineralization efficacy and safety of the system. The exposed dentine tubules were fully occluded after 5 hours/1.0 mA and 8 hours/0.5 mA of remineralization. After 5 hours of remineralization (1.0 mA), the micro-hardness of the demineralized dentine was fully recovered, equal to native rabbit dentine. Haematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrated no obvious inflammatory reaction. This study provides a feasible solution to realize rapid repair of dentine.
Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of epratuzumab in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from a phase 1/2 randomized study (2015)

Epratuzumab was well-tolerated, with no new safety signals identified. The pharmacokinetics appeared linear after first and last infusions. Treatment with epratuzumab was associated with CD22 downregulation and with small-to-moderate decreases in total B cell count.
Introduction (2013)

We live in a global economy where we affect people in poor lands as directly as we affect the poor within our own country, and we are unaware of our culpability. Decent, fair-minded persons like us benefit by demanding cheap goods and produce, which simultaneously drives jobs overseas, where no labor regulations exist, and near-slave labor conditions are prevalent. As we become aware of our roles, we are called to repentance, to a change of heart, to a change of habit, and to a change of life.KeywordsChristian TheologyLiberation TheologyPoor LandEnvironmental SociologyDestructive RoleThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Spatial-mode discrimination and control in high-power single-mode large-optical-cavity diode lasers (1983)

High-power single-mode diode lasers are in demand for fiber data distribution systems, long-distance high-data-rate optical communications, analog signal transmission, and guided-wave signal processing. Large-optical-cavity (LOC)-type structures1,2 have already demonstrated single-mode operation to 50 mW/facet cw and 100 mW/facet at 50% duty cycle as well as coupling up to 20-mW cw power in telecommunication-type graded-index fibers (0.2 N.A.; 50-μm diameter). Here for the first time we present an analysis of LOC-type structures that takes into account the effect of gain-induced index depressions on lateral-mode discrimination and control. The resultant flexibility in laser design allows tailoring diodes of given cross-sectional geometry for maximum single-mode-power operation.
DESIGN OF BENMORE EARTH DAM (1965)

The paper describes aspects of design for the earth dam at Benmore. The dam, of rolled fill with central core and shoulders of river gravels and rockfill, is 360ft high. General considerations of site conditions and design requirements leading to the form of the dam are discussed. In describing methods of testing material for design data and the stability analysis carried out the author outlines a method of semi-total-stress analysis to allow for pore-pressure changes during earthquake loading. Modifications in design arising from construction experience are outlined, installations for dam performance measurements are described, and their results to date are given.
The prognostic impact of Akt isoforms, PI3K and PTEN related to female steroid hormone receptors in soft tissue sarcomas (2011)

Expression of PI3K was significantly associated with aggressive behavior and shorter DSS in non-GIST STSs. The site of Akt phosphorylation seems to have gender-dependent impact on survival in STS patients.
Screening differential expression of serum proteins in AFP-negative HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma using iTRAQ –MALDI-MS/MS (2013)

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is serious condition associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Therefore is an urgent need to develop novel noninvasive techniques for early diagnosis, particularly for patients with AFP-negative [AFP(-)] HCC. In this study, iTRAQ-MALDI-MS/MS was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in AFP(-) HBV-related HCC compared with non-cancerous hepatitis B virus (HBV) and healthy controls subjects.Serum was obtained from 18 patients with AFP(-) HBV-related HCC, 18 matched patients with HBV without HCC and 18 healthy control subjects. High abundance proteins were removed from serum and the differentially expressed proteins from the three groups were screened out using iTRAQ-MALDI-MS/MS. The Gene Ontology (GO) function and the interaction networks of differentially expressed proteins were then analyzed. A total of 24 expressed differential proteins associated with AFP(-) HBV-related HCC were screened out, 15 proteins were up-regulated and 9 down-regulated. The most common molecular function of the 24 differentially expressed proteins was enzyme inhibition. Interaction network of the 24 differentially expressed proteins showed that 14 proteins (C5, KNG1, FN1, LRG1, HRG, SERPINC1, CRP, APOB, SAA1, APCS, C4BPA, CFI, CFB and GSN) were central to the functional network. The expression levels of the GSN protein were down-regulated in AFP(-) HBV-related HCC subjects compared with healthy controls and the HBV group (p<0.01), consistent with the iTRAQ results.The 14 proteins from the serum of AFP(-) HBV-related HCC appeared at the fulcrum of the functional network and were differentially expressed compare to HBV and healthy controls suggesting a possible association with HCC progression.
Comparison of 11 Human Insulin Assays: Implications for Clinical Investigation and Research (2007)

Assay performance must be considered before comparing insulin results. The 2-fold variation in insulin results may be related to specificity, manufacturers' calibration procedures or conversion factors.
New approach using a bare fiber optic cantilever beam as a low‐frequency acceleration measuring element (1996)

A theoretical study is carried out in which a bare fiber optic cantilever beam, with no concentrated seismic mass, is proved to be suitable for measuring low‐frequency vibrations accurately. Its behavior was experimentally verified in the laboratory and can be approximated by a very simple transfer function that leads to straightforward signal processing. Some practical configurations, with accuracies as good as 0.5%, are given that depend on the operating frequency range. The simplicity of the architecture is highlighted.
Modelling the human cardiac fluid mechanics (2005)

We present a virtual heart model simulating the flow in the left human ventricle and in the aorta. Because of the lack of in vivo structure data of the human ventricle, the active ventricle movement is given by a time-dependent ventricle model that is derived from in vivo image data of a nuclear spin MRT tomograph of a healthy human heart. The passive part of the virtual heart model consists of a model aorta and vena cava, and of heart valves. As the movement is due to the flow in the inactive region of the heart, a coupling of flow and structure is necessary in the model to take into account the deviation of the aorta and the closing and opening of the heart valves. The flow calculation is performed with a finite volume method, while the structure of the aorta is calculated using the finite element method. The flow resistance of the time simulation in the body is taken into account with a circulation model. In the outlook of the article, we show how the virtual heart model can be used to predict flow losses due to pathological ventricle contraction defects in an unhealthy human heart.
Towards ubiquitous task management (2004)

In the near future people will be surrounded by intelligent devices embedded in everyday objects where the knowledge and understanding of device attributes and capabilities will be a key enabler. This paper describes the current state of our research in design distributed knowledge based devices as a solution to adapt spoken dialogue systems within ambient intelligence. In this context a spoken dialogue system is a computational entity that enables universal access to ambient intelligence for anyone, anywhere, at anytime. Allowing the use of any device through any media. Our aim is to build knowledgebased devices to enable its dynamic adaptation when integrated in dialogue systems. An example focused on household appliances is depicted.
Data Research Associates: A System Overview. (1993)

Cet article est le second concernant ce vendeur Data Research Associates (DRA) presente comme un leader sur le marche des systemes integres et ouverts (gerant les protocoles d'acces au reseau INTERNET) de bibliotheque. Le premier donnait une perspective historique. Ce second article decrit le systeme vu sous l'angle de l'utilisateur, du point de vue materiel et composantes logiciel