gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nuclear structure calculations for astrophysical applications (1992)

Here we present calculated results on such diverse properties as nuclear energy levels, ground-state masses and shapes, {beta}-decay properties and fission-barrier heights. Our approach to these calculations is to use a unified theoretical framework within which the above properties can all be studied. The results are obtained in the macroscopic-microscopic approach in which a microscopic nuclear-structure single-particle model with extensions is combined with a macroscopic model, such as the liquid drop model. In this model the total potential energy of the nucleus may be calculated as a function of shape. The maxima and minima in this function correspond to such features as the ground state, fission saddle points and shape-isomeric states. Various transition rate matrix elements are determined from wave-functions calculated in the single-particle model with pairing and other relevant residual interactions taken into account.
Proportional chamber gamma camera (1976)

The theoretical and experimental design of a proportional chamber gamma camera using the high-density drift space principle is outlined, for photon energies greater than 100 keV. Detection efficiencies of 50 percent or more are possible, using two converters, combined with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. Energy resolution is, however, poor. Experimental results of imaging are given. (auth)
Decision Trees for Uncertain Data (2009)

Traditional decision tree classifiers work with data whose values are known and precise. We extend such classifiers to handle data with uncertain information, which originates from measurement/quantisation errors, data staleness, multiple repeated measurements, etc. The value uncertainty is represented by multiple values forming a probability distribution function (pdf). We discover that the accuracy of a decision tree classifier can be much improved if the whole pdf, rather than a simple statistic, is taken into account. We extend classical decision tree building algorithms to handle data tuples with uncertain values. Since processing pdf's is computationally more costly, we propose a series of pruning techniques that can greatly improve the efficiency of the construction of decision trees.
A WWW-based Melody-Retrieval System: An Indexing Method for a Large Melody Database (2000)

The thermal diffusivity of solid samples is systematically underestimated in a photopyroelectric technique used in the standard back configuration due to the presence of the coupling fluid between sample and detector. In this work, we propose a new method to overcome the undesired effect of the coupling fluid. It relies on the use of a transparent pyroelectric sensor and a transparent coupling fluid, together with a self-normalization procedure. In this way, we are able to measure accurately (a) the thermal diffusivity of opaque solid samples, and (b) the thermal diffusivity and the optical absorption coefficient of semitransparent solid samples.
Determination of rifampicin and isoniazid in pharmaceutical formulations by HPLC (1992)

A liquid chromatographic procedure for the analysis of Rifampicin (RIF) and Isoniazid (INH) in pharmaceutical dosage forms utilizing reverse phase chromatography was developed. Isolation of analytes was carried out under isocratic conditions with a octadecylsilane column and an aqueous mobile phase containing Methanol (75%) and 0.02 M Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate (25%) with pH 4.5 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid. The detection was done at 254 nm.The method is unique in analysing Rifampicin precisely in combination with Isoniazid particularly in liquid formulation. The method is specific and can distinctly isolate the degradation product in suspension.
“Data in your face” (1998)

Article Free Access Share on "Data in your face": push technology in perspective Authors: Michael Franklin University of Maryland University of MarylandView Profile , Stan Zdonik Brown University Brown UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGMOD '98: Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of dataJune 1998 Pages 516–519https://doi.org/10.1145/276304.276360Online:01 June 1998Publication History 140citation1,628DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations140Total Downloads1,628Last 12 Months63Last 6 weeks10 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Highly Effective Hydrogen‐Bonding Receptors for Guanine Derivatives (1995)

In the complexation of neutral organic molecules, preorganization of the receptors can play a crucial role, as studies on a new series of hydrogen-bonding receptors demonstrate. The receptor shown in the complex on the right binds guanine derivatives in [D6]DMSO/CDCl3 (1/4) with a stability constant (Ka) greater than 1.9 × 105 M−1. In comparison, a complex with a more flexible host and the same number of primary hydrogen-bonding sites is at least 4.1 kcalmol−1 less stable.
Prostate Cancer Predisposition Loci and Risk of Metastatic Disease and Prostate Cancer Recurrence (2011)

SNPs in MSMB and 8q24 which predispose to prostate cancer overall are associated with risk for metastatic prostate cancer, the most lethal form of this disease. SNPs predictive of prostate cancer recurrence were not identified, among the predisposition SNPs. GWAS specific to these 2 phenotypes may identify additional phenotype-specific genetic determinants.
The Pocket Handbook of Imaging Processing Algorithms in C (1993)

This handy desktop reference gathers together into one easy-to-use volume the most popular image processing algorithms. Designed to be used at the computer terminal, it features an illustrated, annotated dictionary format -- with clear, concise definitions, examples, and C program code.
Visual maladaptation in contrast domain (2010)

In this work we simulate the effect of the human eye's maladaptation to visual perception over time through a supra-threshold contrast perception model that comprises adaptation mechanisms. Specifically, we attempt to visualize maladapted vision on a display device. Given the scene luminance, the model computes a measure of perceived multi-scale contrast by taking into account spatially and temporally varying contrast sensitivity in a maladapted state, which is then processed by the inverse model and mapped to a desired display's luminance assuming perfect adaptation. Our system simulates the effect of maladaptation locally, and models the shifting of peak spatial frequency sensitivity in maladapted vision in addition to the uniform decrease in contrast sensitivity among all frequencies. Through our GPU implementation we demonstrate the visibility loss of scene details due to maladaptation over time at an interactive speed.
IMPROVING MORTALITY IN SEPSIS (2010)

Sepsis accounts for a huge number of deaths in intensive care units worldwide. Encouraging data from recent studies show that some interventions are able to reverse such a picture. Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) bundles were built based on these interventions. Many studies were published analyzing the impact of sepsis protocol implementation on compliance, costs, and mortality, and the results are herein analyzed. Based on these studies, it is not clear if the reduction is secondary to improvement in the quality of care naturally associated with protocol implementation or to the improvement in compliance to strict goals. A high heterogeneity is present among institutions and countries, and the pitfalls for protocol implementation seem to depend on local characteristics. In the same way, the impact of interventions might be different according to each institution's epidemiological profile. Interventions not impacting in low-mortality-rate institutions can be important for places where mortality is high. In Brazil, mortality rates are very high, and the results of Brazilian SSC network are presented and discussed.
CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF SAGO STARCH BY SOLVENTLESS ESTERIFICATION WITH FATTY ACID CHLORIDES (2007)

Sago starch was chemically modified by esterification reaction with fatty acid chlorides to produce a non-polar sago ester in the absence of an organic solvent. The sago esters were prepared by first pretreatment of sago starch with excess formic acid at 90 o C for 40 minutes followed by acetylation with acid chloride (octanoyl and lauroyl chlorides). The maximum yields of 80% and 73% with the same degree of substitution (DS) of 1.2 for octanoate and lauroate sago esters were obtained respectively. The presence of ester carbonyl group in the FT-IR spectra of the ester products showed that the sago starch has been esterified. The intensities of carbonyl and methyl peaks were decreased with the increasing of DS. Abstrak Kanji sagu telah diubahsuai secara kimia melalui tindak balas pengesteran dengan klorida asid lemak untuk menghasilakan ester sagu yang tak polar dalam keadaan tindak balas tanpa pelarut organik. Penyediaan ester sagu dimulakan dengan menindak balaskan kanji sagu dengan asid formik pada suhu 90 o C selama 40 min kemudian diikuti dengan penambahan klorida asid lemak (klorida oktanoil dan lauroil). Hasil maksimum ester sago, oktanoat dan lauroat yang diperolehi adalah masing-masing 80% dan 73% dengan darjah penggantian yang sama, 1.2. Kewujudan puncak karbonil ester dalan spektrum FTIR membuktikan bahawa tindak balas pengesteran berlaku di antara kanji sagu dan klorida asid lemak. Keamatan puncak serapan kumpulan karbonil dan metil didapati berkurang dengan peningkatan darjah penggantian.
Hepatitis B virus peptide inhibitors: solution structures and interactions with the viral capsid (2015)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a health problem globally despite the availability of effective vaccines. In the assembly of the infectious virion, both the preS and S regions of the HBV large surface antigen (L-HBsAg) interact synergistically with the viral core antigen (HBcAg). Peptides preS and S based on the L-HBsAg were demonstrated as potential inhibitors to block the viral assembly. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the solution structures of these peptides and study their interactions with HBcAg. The solution structures of these peptides were solved using (1)H, (13)C, and (15)N NMR spectroscopy. Peptide preS has several structured regions of β-turns at Ser7-Pro8-Pro9, Arg11-Thr12-Thr13 and Ser22-Thr23-Thr24 sequences whereas peptide S has only one structured region observed at Ser3-Asn4-His5. Both peptides contain bend-like structures surrounding the turn structures. Docking studies revealed that both peptides interacted with the immunodominant region of HBcAg located at the tip of the viral capsid spikes. Saturation Transfer Difference (STD) NMR experiments identified several aromatic residues in peptides preS and S that interact with HBcAg. This study provides insights into the contact regions of L-HBsAg and HBcAg at atomic resolution which can be used to design antiviral agents that inhibit HBV morphogenesis.
Characterization and incidence of pigment production by human clinical group B streptococci (1978)

Pigment was produced in stab cultures by 97% of 297 group B streptococci isolated from human clinical specimens. The pigment, which was associated with a membranous cell fraction, showed a four-banded absorption spectrum similar to that of a carotenoid, with maxima at 435, 566, 485, and 525 nm. Addition of glucose to the growth medium suppressed pigment production in most strains. Only 37% of strains from bovine sources produced pigment.
Copper-Oxide Modulators in Carrier Telephone Systems (1939)

Copper-oxide modulators are widely used in telephone systems for translating either single speech channels or groups of speech channels to carrier-frequency locations on the lines. A number of simple circuit arrangements have been developed that enable suppression of certain undesired frequencies to a degree that is impractical in tube modulators. These modulators transmit equally well in either direction and the modulating elements are more nonlinear than in tube modulators. As a result numerous effects are found that ordinarily are not important in the tube arrangements. Analytical studies have been considerably simplified by the use of a small signal, and a large carrier controlling the impedance variation of the copper oxide. It is found in this case that the superposition and reciprocity theorems hold for all the circuits that it has been possible to analyze even though the modulator is made up of nonlinear elements. Open and short-circuit impedance measurements can be made use of as in four-terminal linear networks, and a generalized reflection theory developed. Performance data are given for an idealized modulator under a variety of operating conditions.
HAFNIUM METAL-II. REDUCTION OF HAFNIUM TETRAFLUORIDE TO HAFNIUM METAL (1950)

Mass spectrometry was used to monitor neutral chemical species from sugar cane bagasse that could volatilize during the bagasse ozonation process. Lignin fragments and some radicals liberated by direct ozone reaction with the biomass structure were detected. Ozone density was monitored during the ozonation by optical absorption spectroscopy. The optical results indicated that the ozone interaction with the bagasse material was better for bagasse particle sizes less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Both techniques have shown that the best condition for the ozone diffusion in the bagasse was at 50% of its moisture content. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to analyze the lignin bond disruptions and morphology changes of the bagasse surface that occurred due to the ozonolysis reactions as well. Appropriate chemical characterization of the lignin content in bagasse before and after its ozonation was also carried out.
An Optical Biosensor-Based Quantification of the Microcystin Synthetase A Gene: Early Warning of Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooming (2018)

The monitoring and control of toxic cyanobacterial strains, which can produce microcystins, is critical to protect human and ecological health. We herein reported an optical-biosensor-based quantification of the microcystin synthetase A (mcyA) gene so as to discriminate microcystin-producing strains from nonproducing strains. In this assay, the mcyA-specific ssDNA probes were designed in silico with an on-line tool and then synthesized to be covalently immobilized on an optical-fiber surface. Production of fluorescently modified target DNA fragment amplicons was accomplished through the use of Cy5-tagged deoxycytidine triphosphates (dCTPs) in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, which resulted in copies with internally labeled multiple sites per DNA molecule and delivered great sensitivity. With a facile surface-based hybridization process, the PCR amplicons were captured on the optical-fiber surface and were induced by an evanescent-wave field into fluorescence emission. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit was found to be 10 pM (S/N ratio = 3) and equaled 10<sup>3</sup> gene copies/mL. The assay was triumphantly demonstrated for PCR amplicons of mcyA detection and showed satisfactory stability and reproducibility. Moreover, the sensing system exhibited excellent selectivity with quantitative spike recoveries from 87 to 102% for M. aeruginosa species in the mixed samples. There results confirmed that the method would serve as an accurate, cost-effective, and rapid technique for in-field testing of toxic Microcystis sp. in water, giving early information for water quality monitoring against microcystin-producing cyanobacteria.
Higher-Order Assembly of Collagen Peptides into Nano- and Microscale Materials (2010)

The triple-helical structure of collagen peptides has recently been harnessed as a subunit in the higher-order assembly of unique biomaterials. Specific assembly signals have been designed within collagen peptides, including hydrophobic groups, electrostatic interactions, and metal-ligand binding, to name a few. In this way, a range of novel assemblies have been obtained, including nano- to microscale fibers, gels, spheres, and meshes, each with the potential for novel biological applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Minireview: Nuclear Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptors: A Novel Paradigm in Signal Transduction (2013)

The specificity of the insulin receptor (InsR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling pathways has been the focus of significant debate over the past few years. Recent evidence showing nuclear import and a direct transcriptional role for both InsR and IGF1R adds a new layer of complexity to this dialog. Hence, in addition to the classical roles associated with cell-surface receptors (eg, ligand binding, autophosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase domain, activation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and additional substrates, protein-protein interactions with membrane and cytoplasm components), new data are consistent with nuclear (genomic) role(s) for both InsR and IGF1R. The present review provides a brief overview of the physical and functional similarities and differences between InsR and IGF1R and describes data from a number of laboratories providing evidence for a new layer of signaling regulation (ie, the ability of InsR and IGF1R to translocate to the cell nucleus and to elicit genomic activities usually associated with transcription factors). The ability of InsR and IGF1R to function as transcription factors, although poorly understood, constitutes a new paradigm in signal transduction. Although research on the role of nuclear InsR/IGF1R is still in its infancy, we believe that this rapidly developing area may have a major basic and translational impact on the fields of metabolism, diabetes, and cancer.
Comparing fNIRS signal qualities between approaches with and without short channels (2020)

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive technique used to measure changes in oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin, related to neuronal activity. fNIRS signals are contaminated by the systemic responses in the extracerebral tissue (superficial layer) of the head, as fNIRS uses a back-reflection measurement. Using shorter channels that are only sensitive to responses in the extracerebral tissue but not in the deeper layers where target neuronal activity occurs has been a 'gold standard' to reduce the systemic responses in the fNIRS data from adults. When shorter channels are not available or feasible for implementation, an alternative, i.e., anti-correlation (Anti-Corr) method has been adopted. To date, there has not been a study that directly assesses the outcomes from the two approaches. In this study, we compared the Anti-Corr method with the 'gold standard' in reducing systemic responses to improve fNIRS neural signal qualities. We used eight short channels (8-mm) in a group of adults, and conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) to extract two components that contributed the most to responses in the 8 short channels, which were assumed to contain the global components in the extracerebral tissue. We then used a general linear model (GLM), with and without including event-related regressors, to regress out the 2 principal components from regular fNIRS channels (30 mm), i.e., two GLM-PCA methods. Our results found that, the two GLM-PCA methods showed similar performance, both GLM-PCA methods and the Anti-Corr method improved fNIRS signal qualities, and the two GLM-PCA methods had better performance than the Anti-Corr method.
Space solar power programs and microwave wireless power transmission technology (2002)

Future large-scale space solar power (SSP) will form a very complex integrated system of systems requiring numerous significant advances in current technology and capabilities. Ongoing technology developments have narrowed many of the gaps, but major technical, regulatory, and conceptual hurdles remain. Continuing systems concept studies and analyses will be critical to success, as will following a clear strategic R&T road map. This road map must assure both an incremental and evolutionary approach to developing needed technologies and systems is followed, with significant and broadly applicable advances with each increment. In particular, the technologies and systems needed for SPS must support highly leveraged applicability to needs in space science, robotic and human exploration, and the development of space. Considerable progress has been made in the critical area of microwave power transmission. At 5.8 GHz, DC-RF converters with efficiencies over 80% are achievable today. Rectennas developed at 5.8 GHz have also been measured with efficiencies greater than 80%. With optimized components in both the transmitter and rectenna, an SPS system has the potential of a DC-to-DC efficiency of 45%.
Mucin mRNA Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines and Tissues (1996)

The expression pattern of mucin genes was studied in 7 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (CL1, CL2, CL3, NCL2, PC9, PC13, PC14) and 12 lung adenocarcinoma tissues. CL1 and PC13 are poorly differentiated cell lines with low mucin glycoprotein production. The other 5 cell lines are well differentiated and produce a higher amount of mucins. Total RNA was extracted from these cell lines. Northern blot analysis was performed by hybridization with specific antisense oligonucleotide probes recognizing mucin-specific tandem repeats of 4 mucin genes (MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4). RT-PCR was carried out to amplify the 3' and 5' nonrepetitive coding regions of MUC1 and the 5' nonrepetitive coding region of MUC2. All these cell lines expressed MUC1, MUC2, and MUC4 mRNA but in variable mounts. The poorly differentiated cell lines (CL1 and PC13) had a relatively low level of expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC3 and MUC4. RT-PCR, with primers amplifying the MUC1 nonrepetitive coding region 5' end, 293 bp, and the 3' end, 522 bp, as well as the MUC2 nonrepetitive 5' coding region, 308 bp, revealed the presence of MUC1 and MUC2 mRNA in all the cell lines. Sequence analysis of the PCR products were very homologous, similar to previously published MUC1 and MUC2 cDNA sequences. The expression pattern of mucin genes is consistent with that of mucin glycoproteins as studied using biochemical and immunological methods. Northern blotting and RT-PCR analysis in 12 lung adenocarcinoma tissues with various grades of differentiation (6 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and 6 moderately to well-differentiated adenocarcinomas) showed heterogeneous expression of the 4 mucin genes in tissues without clear correlation with the differentiation grade. Therefore the clinical implications of the differential expression of the mucin genes need further investigation.