gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plane-wave depth migration (2006)

Abstract We present fast and efficient plane-wave migration methods for densely sampled seismic data in both the source and receiver domains. The methods are based on slant stacking over both shot and receiver positions (or offsets) for all the recorded data. If the data-acquisition geometry permits, both inline and crossline source and receiver positions can be incorporated into a multidimensional phase-velocity space, which is regular even for randomly positioned input data. By noting the maximum time dips present in the shot and receiver gathers and constant-offset sections, the number of plane waves required can be estimated, and this generally results in a reduction of the data volume used for migration. The required traveltime computations for depth imaging are independent for each particular plane-wave component. It thus can be used for either the source or the receiver plane waves during extrapolation in phase space, reducing considerably the computational burden. Since only vertical delay times are required, many traveltime techniques can be employed, and the problems with multipathing and first arrivals are either reduced or eliminated. Further, the plane-wave integrals can be pruned to concentrate the image on selected targets. In this way, the computation time can be further reduced, and the technique lends itself naturally to a velocity-modeling scheme where, for example, horizontal and then steeply dipping events are gradually introduced into the velocity analysis. The migration method also lends itself to imaging in anisotropic media because phase space is the natural domain for such an analysis.
Influence of hydrogen ion activity and general acid-base catalysis on the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by a novel nonaggregating water-soluble iron(III) tetraphenylporphyrin derivative (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of hydrogen ion activity and general acid-base catalysis on the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by a novel nonaggregating water-soluble iron(III) tetraphenylporphyrin derivativeMatthias F. Zipplies, William A. Lee, and Thomas C. BruiceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 15, 4433–4445Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00275a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00275a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views762Altmetric-Citations116LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ultimate corrosion-resistant optoacoustic cell for spectroscopy of liquids (1980)

We describe a new optoacoustic technique for liquids that utilizes a quartz cuvette to contain the sample and an externally coupled piezoelectric transducer for gated detection of the optoacoustic signal produced by a pulsed dye laser. Such a technique is characterized by ultimate corrosion resistance, absence of contamination of the sample, and ease of sample change. With this technique, we measure quantitatively the weak absorption profiles that are due to the sixth harmonic of the C—H stretch in a series of halogen- and methyl-substituted benzenes. Also, optoacoustic spectra of ions dissolved in a strong acid (H2SO4) are observed for the first time.
Tracking Control of Omni-Directional Vehicles Using Two Wheels Caster Type Odometer (2004)

This paper proposes a tracking control method for Omni-Directional Vehicles (ODVs) along desired trajectories using a new type of odometer, called a Two Wheels Caster Type (TWCT) odometer, specially designed for ODV dead-reckoning. Driving wheels of conventional ODVs slip easily. When an odometer is connected directly to a driving wheel shaft, such a slip causes large dead-reckoning error. The TWCT odometer we proposed is attached independently to the driving wheel of the ODV to avoid the influence of the slip. The TWCT odometer passively follows the omni-directional motion of the ODV. The current position and orientation of the ODV are estimated accurately by dead-reckoning from TWCT odometer measurement. The proposed control method uses the estimated current position and orientation that allow accurate tracking control of the ODV along a desired trajectory. Tracking control is improved by the TWCT odometer. Experimental results show effectiveness of the proposed control method using the TWCT odometer.
Thickness and stoichiometry dependence of the thermal conductivity of GeSbTe films (2007)

Thermal conduction in GeSbTe films strongly influences the writing energy and time for phase change memory (PCM) technology. This study measures the thermal conductivity of Ge2Sb2Te5 between 25 and 340°C for layers with thicknesses near 60, 120, and 350nm. A strong thickness dependence of the thermal conductivity is attributed to a combination of thermal boundary resistance (TBR) and microstructural imperfections. Stoichiometric variations significantly alter the phase transition temperatures but do not strongly impact the thermal conductivity at a given temperature. This work makes progress on extracting the TBR for Ge2Sb2Te5 films, which is a critical unknown parameter for PCM simulations.
Concise Synthesis of Acyl Migration-Blocked 1,1-Difluorinated Analogues of Lysophosphatidic Acid (2002)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 1- or 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate) is an important phospholipid mediator produced by activated platelets and by ovarian cancer cells. Efforts to understand LPA signaling through G-protein-coupled receptors are hampered by the facile acyl migration that results in equilibration to a mixture of the 1- or 2-acyl species under physiological conditions. We describe a new and efficient route to enantiomerically homogeneous lysophospholipid analogues from D-mannitol 1,2:5,6-bis-acetonide to give two 1,1-difluorodeoxy analogues of (2R)-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. These compounds are migration-blocked analogues of the labile sn-2 LPA species. The (19)F NMR of diastereotopic fluorines of the difluoromethyl group shows an unexpected solvent dependence.
Development of a toxin‐binding agent as a treatment for tunicaminyluracil toxicity: protection against tunicamycin poisoning of sheep (1998)

Protection studies using these two beta-cyclodextrin derivatives suggest that they may be effective in increasing the survival of sheep poisoned by tunicamycin and warrant further testing in field outbreaks of annual ryegrass toxicity.
Light emission from tunnel junctions on gratings (1981)

We present measurements of light emission from Al-${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$-Ag tunnel junctions on holographically produced, sinusoidal profile gratings. Sharp angle tunable emission peaks result from coupling out of the Ag-vacuum fast surface-plasmon polariton by the grating structure. The dependences of the emission intensities on angle, frequency, bias voltage and current, and grating amplitudes agree well with a recent theory by Laks and Mills [Phys. Rev. B 22, 5723 (1980)]. The absolute intensities and dependence of intensities on Ag-film thickness do not agree as well. We propose a possible explanation for this discrepancy. PACS numbers 1977 73.40.Rw, 78.65.Ez BD2092
Target heart rates for the development of cardiorespiratory fitness (1994)

The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends the use of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 85% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) as target values in developing exercise prescriptions. Further, the ACSM states that 55%, 70%, 85%, and 90% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) may be used as indices of these respective levels of % VO2max for the general population. The current study evaluated this relationship between %HRmax and %VO2max in apparently healthy, young adults. Eighty-one men and 81 women between the ages of 18 and 34 engaged in an incremental exercise test to exhaustion. Linear regressions of %HRmax and %VO2max were performed on each subject. From these regressions, target values of %HRmax were computed for each individual. Mean percentages of HRmax were 63%, 76%, 89%, and 92% at 40%, 60%, 80%, and 85% of VO2max, respectively. At all of these values of %VO2max, the values obtained for %HRmax were significantly greater (P < 0.001) than those used by the ACSM. Fitness affected these results, particularly among men. High fit men averaged 2% higher in %HRmax than low fit men at any given value of %VO2max.
ATLAS: Accurate Topology Level-of-Detail Abstraction System (2014)

The ability to extract topology information from the network is important for many applications and enables more informed resource selection. The challenge for topology exposure is to provide a compact representation that is sufficiently accurate and complies to topology hiding policies. This paper presents a topology abstraction system that can expose large-scale service provider network maps with an adjustable level-of-detail. Our system uses graph sparsification algorithms to reduce the complexity of routing topologies. Our numerical results reveal that the size of maps can be reduced by one order of magnitude or more while the result still enables reasonable traffic optimization inside applications. A proof-of-concept implementation gathers network management system data and exposes abstract maps through the Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) protocol.
Disinfection By-Products Removal by Nanoparticles Sintered in Zeolite (2013)

Ab stract—Disinfection process by chlorine has been applying effectively in drinking water treatment processes; nevertheless it causes the formation of THMs which are thought to be carcinogen. Restrictions of THMs had been imposed by organizations in most of the countries. In Istanbul, these limit values were not exceeded in present time, but organic content of drinking water supplies is accreted by the increment pollution on occasion of population growth. This will lead to investigate and apply an extra treatment unit for THM removals. In this study, application of nanoparticle was researched in THM removal from tap water. Nanoparticle used in the process was sintered into zeolite in coin form. The results were promising. It was observed that unsintered form was more effective on removal of THMs than sintered form of α-Fe2O3. Fu rthermore, nan oparticles in zeolite form advanced the adsorption capacity of z eolite.
Dialectic (1998)

A teacher in various colleges in Paris for most of his adult life, Petrus Ramus (or Pierre de la Ramée, 1515-1572) was known as a strong critic of Aristotle and the Aristotelian tradition in the university curriculum, and as a constructive philosopher interested in “logic” and “method” as well as rhetoric. His writings were distinctive for, among other things, their emphasis on the practice or exercise of arts and doctrines. La dialectique was one of many versions of a theory of the use of discourse in general that Ramus published from the 1540s to the 1560s. Although this theory was intended to challenge a number of Aristotle's logical writings, Ramus' critics pointed out that he remained heavily indebted to his ancient opponent.
Genome-wide transposon mutagenesis of Proteus mirabilis: Essential genes, fitness factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection, and the impact of polymicrobial infection on fitness requirements (2017)

The Gram-negative bacterium Proteus mirabilis is a leading cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), which are often polymicrobial. Numerous prior studies have uncovered virulence factors for P. mirabilis pathogenicity in a murine model of ascending UTI, but little is known concerning pathogenesis during CAUTI or polymicrobial infection. In this study, we utilized five pools of 10,000 transposon mutants each and transposon insertion-site sequencing (Tn-Seq) to identify the full arsenal of P. mirabilis HI4320 fitness factors for single-species versus polymicrobial CAUTI with Providencia stuartii BE2467. 436 genes in the input pools lacked transposon insertions and were therefore concluded to be essential for P. mirabilis growth in rich medium. 629 genes were identified as P. mirabilis fitness factors during single-species CAUTI. Tn-Seq from coinfection with P. stuartii revealed 217/629 (35%) of the same genes as identified by single-species Tn-Seq, and 1353 additional factors that specifically contribute to colonization during coinfection. Mutants were constructed in eight genes of interest to validate the initial screen: 7/8 (88%) mutants exhibited the expected phenotypes for single-species CAUTI, and 3/3 (100%) validated the expected phenotypes for polymicrobial CAUTI. This approach provided validation of numerous previously described P. mirabilis fitness determinants from an ascending model of UTI, the discovery of novel fitness determinants specifically for CAUTI, and a stringent assessment of how polymicrobial infection influences fitness requirements. For instance, we describe a requirement for branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis by P. mirabilis during coinfection due to high-affinity import of leucine by P. stuartii. Further investigation of genes and pathways that provide a competitive advantage during both single-species and polymicrobial CAUTI will likely provide robust targets for therapeutic intervention to reduce P. mirabilis CAUTI incidence and severity.
XPS and SIMS studies of biodegradable suture materials (1991)

Abstract XPS and SIMS have been used to examine the surface composition of copolymers of glycolide (cyclic dimer of glycolic acid) and trimethylene carbonate (TMC) as solvent‐cast films. XPS results on the polymers agree with bulk composition data. SIMS measurements suggest surface enrichment of the TMC component.
Eye tracking in web search tasks (2002)

An eye tracking study was conducted to evaluate specific design features for a prototype web portal application. This software serves independent web content through separate, rectangular, user-modifiable portlets on a web page. Each of seven participants navigated across multiple web pages while conducting six specific tasks, such as removing a link from a portlet. Specific experimental questions included (1) whether eye tracking-derived parameters were related to page sequence or user actions preceding page visits, (2) whether users were biased to traveling vertically or horizontally while viewing a web page, and (3) whether specific sub-features of portlets were visited in any particular order. Participants required 2-15 screens, and from 7-360+ seconds to complete each task. Based on analysis of screen sequences, there was little evidence that search became more directed as screen sequence increased. Navigation among portlets, when at least two columns exist, was biased towards horizontal search (across columns) as opposed to vertical search (within column). Within a portlet, the header bar was not reliably visited prior to the portlet's body, evidence that header bars are not reliably used for navigation cues. Initial design recommendations emphasized the need to place critical portlets on the left and top of the web portal area, and that related portlets do not need to appear in the same column. Further experimental replications are recommended to generalize these results to other applications.
A high aperture and high density a-Si TFT-LCD with a new pixel structure (2002)

The authors have developed a TFT-LCD with new pixel structure which enhances aperture ratio. The new structure has a transparent electrode between the signal line and the pixel electrode, which shields the capacitive coupling between the signal line and the pixel electrode and reduces the liquid crystal disclination lines caused by the transverse electric field between them. A high aperture ratio of 40% has been achieved on a 40 /spl mu/m square pixel, which is the largest value for this size of a-Si TFT-LCD.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Approximate Inference in Generalized Linear Mixed Models (1993)

Statistical approaches to overdispersion, correlated errors, shrinkage estimation, and smoothing of regression relationships may be encompassed within the framework of the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). Given an unobserved vector of random effects, observations are assumed to be conditionally independent with means that depend on the linear predictor through a specified link function and conditional variances that are specified by a variance function, known prior weights and a scale factor. The random effects are assumed to be normally distributed with mean zero and dispersion matrix depending on unknown variance components. For problems involving time series, spatial aggregation and smoothing, the dispersion may be specified in terms of a rank deficient inverse covariance matrix. Approximation of the marginal quasi-likelihood using Laplace's method leads eventually to estimating equations based on penalized quasilikelihood or PQL for the mean parameters and pseudo-likelihood for the variances. Implementation involves repeated calls to normal theory procedures for REML estimation in variance components problems. By means of informal mathematical arguments, simulations and a series of worked examples, we conclude that PQL is of practical value for approximate inference on parameters and realizations of random effects in the hierarchical model. The applications cover overdispersion in binomial proportions of seed germination; longitudinal analysis of attack rates in epilepsy patients; smoothing of birth cohort effects in an age-cohort model of breast cancer incidence; evaluation of curvature of birth cohort effects in a case-control study of childhood cancer and obstetric radiation; spatial aggregation of lip cancer rates in Scottish counties; and the success of salamander matings in a complicated experiment involving crossing of male and female effects. PQL tends to underestimate somewhat the variance components and (in absolute value) fixed effects when applied to clustered binary data, but the situation improves rapidly for binomial observations having denominators greater than one.
Diffusional effects in wetproofed catalysts for isotopic exchange between hydrogen gas and water vapour (1987)

Abstract Deuterium transfer rates between water vapour and hydrogen gas have been obtained for platinized carbon powder (Pt‐C) and Teflon wetproofed platinized carbon films. The pore diffusional resistance in the catalyst films was assessed by calculating the effectiveness factor, ϵ, from a mathematical model for simultaneous diffusion and first order reversible reaction kinetics. Wetproofing the Pt‐C catalyst with Teflon increased the intrinsic rate of reaction, but the effectiveness factor decreased with increasing catalyst layer thickness. Pore size and surface area distributions and water vapour adsorption isotherms of the Pt‐C/Teflon catalyst films were similar to those of the Pt‐C itself. Since Teflon had negligibly small surface area and very large pores compared to the carbon support, wetproofing did not cause significant changes to the physical characteristics of the platinized carbon.
Active Electrode IC for EEG and Electrical Impedance Tomography With Continuous Monitoring of Contact Impedance (2014)

The IC presented integrates the front-end for EEG and Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) acquisition on the electrode, together with electrode-skin contact impedance monitoring and EIT current generation, so as to improve signal quality and integration of the two techniques for brain imaging applications. The electrode size is less than 2 cm(2) and only 4 wires connect the electrode to the back-end. The readout circuit is based on a Differential Difference Amplifier and performs single-ended amplification and frequency division multiplexing of the three signals that are sent to the back-end on a single wire which also provides power supply. Since the system's CMRR is a function of each electrode's gain accuracy, an analysis is performed on how this is influenced by mismatches in passive and active components. The circuit is fabricated in 0.35 μm CMOS process and occupies 4 mm(2), the readout circuit consumes 360 μW, the input referred noise for bipolar EEG signal acquisition is 0.56 μVRMS between 0.5 and 100 Hz and almost halves if only EEG signal is acquired.
Communication over non-Gaussian channels - Part II: Channel estimation, mismatched receivers, and error performance with coding (2015)

Limited wireless spectrum coupled with the need to support co-existence mechanisms call for robust receivers and improved interference management. With a spectrum sharing operating mode, it is hard to model dynamic interference conditions in wireless networks. In the first part of this work, we have introduced an additive non-Gaussian channel (ANGC) model that captures a variety of interference sources, and presented average mutual information and average probability of error expressions when the receiver has perfect channel estimates and no knowledge of the noise statistics. The primary goal of introducing this model is to compactly represent a wide range of non-Gaussian noise sources in a robust and simple manner. As a continuation of that work, in this paper, we consider the problem of noise variance estimation, signal detection with pilot-assisted channel estimation (PACE), and coded sequence detection with a mismatched decoding metric. We derive the joint maximum-likelihood estimates of the Gaussian noise variance and the non-Gaussian parameter, and expressions for the outage probability and the average bit error probability for uncoded binary signaling. We also derive expressions for the average pairwise error probability with coding and PACE on ANGC. Numerical and simulation results are presented to validate the analysis presented in this paper.