gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Listeriosis Due to Cross-Infection Confirmed by Isoenzyme Typing and DNA Fingerprinting (1991)

Journal Article Neonatal Listeriosis Due to Cross-Infection Confirmed by Isoenzyme Typing and DNA Fingerprinting Get access J. M. Farber, J. M. Farber Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa Reprints or correspondence: Dr. J. M. Farber, Microbiology Research Division, Health Protection Branch, Banting Building, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health & Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Canada KIA OL2. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. I. Peterkin, P. I. Peterkin Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. O. Carter, A. O. Carter Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. V. Varughese, P. V. Varughese Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. E. Ashton, F. E. Ashton Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. P. Ewan E. P. Ewan Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 163, Issue 4, April 1991, Pages 927–928, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/163.4.927 Published: 01 April 1991
A 3-5 GHz fully differential CMOS LNA with dual-gain mode for wireless UWB applications (2005)

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) is an emerging new technology for wireless personal area networks (WPAN) and is based on IEEE 802.153a standard. The frequency range of operation is between 3.1-10.6 GHz, which is divided into several band groups. The LNA in our paper is operable at the first band group of UWB that is 3.1-4.8 GHz range. The LNA is designed and laid out in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process and with 1.8-V power supply. Simulation shows the LNA achieves 2-GHz bandwidth with minimum gain variation, two voltage gain modes of 20dB and 15dB respectively and noise figure around 5.2dB, while draws 15 mA current.
LL(*) (2011)

Despite the power of Parser Expression Grammars (PEGs) and GLR, parsing is not a solved problem. Adding nondeterminism (parser speculation) to traditional LL and LR parsers can lead to unexpected parse-time behavior and introduces practical issues with error handling, single-step debugging, and side-effecting embedded grammar actions. This paper introduces the LL (*) parsing strategy and an associated grammar analysis algorithm that constructs LL (*) parsing decisions from ANTLR grammars. At parse-time, decisions gracefully throttle up from conventional fixed k>=1 lookahead to arbitrary lookahead and, finally, fail over to backtracking depending on the complexity of the parsing decision and the input symbols. LL (*) parsing strength reaches into the context-sensitive languages, in some cases beyond what GLR and PEGs can express. By statically removing as much speculation as possible, LL (*) provides the expressivity of PEGs while retaining LL 's good error handling and unrestricted grammar actions. Widespread use of ANTLR (over 70,000 downloads/year) shows that it is effective for a wide variety of applications.
Critical temperature of niobium and tantalum films (1964)

A method for depositing thin, superconductive films of Nb and Ta by electron beam evaporation is presented, and the critical temperature of these films is discussed as a function of deposition conditions. Gettering, increasing the ratio of impinging vapor atoms to residual gas atoms, and raising the substrate temperature during deposition gives films with a lower impurity content and higher critical temperature. The resistance ratio of a film and its x-ray lattice parameter are taken as measures of its average impurity concentration. Critical temperatures above 9°K are measured for Nb films of resistance ratio of 3 or higher, and critical temperatures above 4.2°K are measured for Ta films of resistance ratio of 5 or higher.
Development of uninterruptible secondary battery system using thyristor switches (2005)

In this paper, we present the control schemes of USBS (uninterruptible secondary battery system) with thyristor AC switches. When there is no fault in a commercial power network, it directly provides electrical power to the critical loads such as computer systems. If some fault such as a voltage interruption occurs on the network, USBS disconnects critical loads from it at instant, and supplies power to them as a UPS. We will discuss the method disconnecting the power network as quick as possible when any fault occurs on it, adopting nongate-turn-off devices such as thyristors to the AC switch, which connects the loads with the power network. Experimental operations are carried out to confirm feasibility of the proposed method, which demonstrate that it takes 1.7/spl sim/4.0 ms to restart supplying power to the loads in case of emergency by experiments.
Further studies on difluoromethylornithine in African trypanosomes. (1981)

DL-alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was previously shown to cure mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei, a parasite of game and cattle in Africa and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, a human African Sleeping Sickness pathogen. Our studies now indicate that DFMO blocks ornithine decarboxylase and lowers trypanosome polyamine levels in vivo. Polyamine uptake in T.b. brucei also resembles that previously described for mammalian cells. The therapeutic potential of DFMO can now also be extended to another human pathogen, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Finally, DFMO acts synergistically with another drug, bleomycin, to cure acute trypanosome infections, and furthermore, this same drug combination provides a new approach to the treatment of trypanosomal infections of the central nervous system.
Stimulus-Dependent Requirement for Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Inflammation (2004)

Data from several inflammation/autoimmunity models indicate that GM-CSF can be a key inflammatory mediator. Convenient models in readily accessible tissues are needed to enable the GM-CSF-dependent cellular responses to be elaborated. In this study, we show that, in contrast to the response to the commonly used i.p. irritant, thioglycolate medium, an Ag-specific methylated BSA-induced peritonitis in GM-CSF(-/-) mice was severely compromised. The reduced response in the latter peritonitis model was characterized by fewer neutrophils and macrophages, as well as by deficiencies in the properties of the remaining macrophages, namely size and granularity, phagocytosis, allogeneic T cell triggering, and proinflammatory cytokine production. B1 lymphocytes were more evident in the GM-CSF(-/-) Ag-specific exudates, indicating perhaps that GM-CSF can act on a common macrophage-B1 lymphocyte precursor in the inflamed peritoneum. We propose that these findings contribute to our understanding of how GM-CSF acts as a proinflammatory cytokine in many chronic inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Of general significance, the findings also indicate that the nature of the stimulus is quite critical in determining whether a particular inflammatory mediator, such as GM-CSF, plays a role in an ensuing inflammatory reaction.
Inertially-aided GPS signal re-acquisition in poor signal to noise environments and tracking maintenance through short signal outages (2005)

The main subject of this paper is using INS aiding to reaequire GPS signals in poor signal to noise environments. Conventional signal acquisition requires a much stronger signal to noise environment than signal tracking. This is because a large number of code phase and Doppler shift combinations have to be searched, so measurement data for each combination can only be accumulated for a short period, typically 1 ms, requiring a relatively high signal to noise. For re-acquiring signals in a well calibrated INS/GPS system, the user-satellite line of sight velocity is known and the approximate code phase can be obtained from the integrated navigation solution and the known satellite position. Consequently, much fewer combinations need be searched, enabling data to be accumulated for much longer, allowing re-acquisition in much poorer signal to noise environments. A theoretical analysis is backed up by simulation results showing that re acquisition can operate at similar signal to noise levels to code tracking C/N 0 levels down to about 8-10 dB-Hz. The paper also describes using the integrated navigation solution to maintain tracking through brief GPS signal outages in a tightly-coupled INS/GPS system, matching what is an implicit process in deep INS/GPS. This work is relevant to navigation in poor GPS signal to noise environments such as indoors, in some urban canyons and in the presence of jamming or interference. It is also relevant where frequent short-term blockage of GPS signals is a problem, such as navigation in urban areas and highly dynamic applications. © Copyright QinetiQ ltd 2005.
Pretreatment with Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide-2 Directly Protects against the Diastolic Dysfunction of Myocardial Stunning in an Isolated, Blood-Perfused Rabbit Heart Model<sup>1</sup> (2000)

Brief coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion leads to reversible myocardial dysfunction (stunning) which can induce irreversible damage of other organ systems. We studied the effects of pretreatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH) and the GH-secretagogue GHRP-2 on myocardial stunning in a blood-perfused isolated rabbit heart model. In a first set of experiments, effects of bolus rhGH administration (3.5 mg/kg) (n = 5) into the aortic root of unpretreated animals were compared with those of saline (n = 6). In a second set, animals were pretreated for 14 days with SC rhGH 3.5 mg/kg x day (n = 9) or 160 microg/kg x day GHRP-2 (n = 8) in two divided doses. Body weight and plasma concentrations of rhGH, rabbit GH (rGH) and IGF-I were determined before and at the end of 14 days pretreatment. Hearts were excised and submitted to 15 min ischemia followed by 80 min reperfusion, after which postischemic recovery was compared with nonischemic hearts mounted into the same system. At study end, all hearts were snap-frozen to examine markers of apoptosis. Circulating levels of rabbit GH (rGH) remained identical in all animals. Pretreatment with rhGH for 14 days induced a 142 +/- 116% rise of serum IGF-I vs. 8 +/- 15% with GHRP-2 (P < 0.001) and increased body weight with 6.8 +/- 2.5% vs. 3.4 +/- 3.3% with GHRP-2 (P = 0.01). A bolus injection of rhGH did not alter myocardial function compared with saline allowing data from these experiments to be pooled into one ischemic control group for further analysis of the effect of pretreatment. No difference in postischemic recovery of left ventricular systolic function among the unpretreated, rhGH pretreated and GHRP-2 pretreated hearts was apparent. At the end of reperfusion, a 3-fold higher end-diastolic pressure (EDP) persisted in the unpretreated and rhGH pretreated hearts compared with the nonischemic hearts. In the GHRP-2 pretreated hearts, EDP decreased to half the pressure observed in unpretreated and rhGH pretreated hearts (all P < or = 0.02), a level which was indistinguishable from that in the non-ischemic hearts, suggesting full postischemic recovery of diastolic function. There were no signs of increased apoptosis in the experimental groups. In conclusion, 14 days pretreatment with GHRP-2, but not rhGH, protected selectively against the diastolic dysfunction of myocardial stunning in this model. This observation may open perspectives for GH-secretagogues as cardioprotective agents.
Random Walks on Graphs: A Survey (2001)

Various aspects of the theory of random walks on graphs are surveyed. In particular, estimates on the important parameters of access time, commute time, cover time and mixing time are discussed. Connections with the eigenvalues of graphs and with electrical networks, and the use of these connections in the study of random walks is described. We also sketch recent algorithmic applications of random walks, in particular to the problem of sampling.
Dimensional change in muscle as a control signal for powered upper limb prostheses: a pilot study (1999)

The vast majority of externally powered prostheses are controlled from the myoelectric signal, measured at the skin surface using socket-located electrodes. This signal has been well researched and sophisticated signal processing methods developed. Nevertheless, the inherent properties of the signal, such as its broad bandwidth and low voltage amplitude, make its use less than straightforward in the control of low frequency activity such as powered prosthetic hand movement. This paper reports on a pilot study of an alternative, a signal derived from dimensional change in muscle. A new socket-located sensor was designed to measure dimensional change in muscle, the linearised output of which is termed the myokinemetric (MK) signal. This was used in a series of tasks aimed at investigating the potential for its use in upper-limb prosthesis control. Six amputee subjects were tested, of whom one was a regular user of the myoelectric hand, one had some experience, and four had little or no previous experience of controlling devices using their residual limb. Data is presented on the problems of shift in signal range with time and socket donning and doffing and on the ability of subjects to control the amplitude of the signal. The results show that subjects were able to control the magnitude of the MK signal to a significant degree, with typical errors averaging 0.1-0.3 mm, around 10% of the signal range. The principal problem encountered was the shift in signal with time and socket donning and doffing.
Visual memory for moving scenes (2005)

In the present study, memory for picture boundaries was measured with scenes that simulated self-motion along the depth axis. The results indicated that boundary extension (a distortion in memory for picture boundaries) occurred with moving scenes in the same manner as that reported previously for static scenes. Furthermore, motion affected memory for the boundaries but this effect of motion was not consistent with representational momentum of the self (memory being further forward in a motion trajectory than actually shown). We also found that memory for the final position of the depicted self in a moving scene was influenced by properties of the optical expansion pattern. The results are consistent with a conceptual framework in which the mechanisms that underlie boundary extension and representational momentum (a) process different information and (b) both contribute to the integration of successive views of a scene while the scene is changing.
Binding of cystatin C to C4: the importance of sense-antisense peptides in their interaction. (1990)

Hydropathic anticomplementarity of amino acids indicates that peptides derived from complementary DNA strands may form amphiphilic structures and bind one another. By using this concept, we have found that the antisense peptide Ser-Tyr-Asp-Leu complementary to the segment Gln-Ile-Val-Ala-Gly (residues 55-59) in cystatin C (an inhibitor of cysteine proteases) is located at positions 611-614 of the beta chain of human C4, the fourth component of complement. Here we describe and characterize the specific interaction between cystatin C and C4 by ligand affinity chromatography and ELISA. Interaction between the two native proteins was mimicked on replacement of one of them with the corresponding sense-antisense peptide coupled to a carrier protein, and the binding was inhibited by these synthetic peptides in solution. Through the interaction with C4, cystatin C may play a regulatory role in complement activation that might be of particular importance at tissue sites where both proteins are produced by macrophages.
Loss of p27Kip1 function results in increased proliferative capacity of oligodendrocyte progenitors but unaltered timing of differentiation (1999)

In many tissues, progenitor cells permanently withdraw from the cell cycle prior to commitment towards a differentiated phenotype. In the oligodendrocyte lineage a counting mechanism has been proposed, linking the number of cell divisions to growth arrest and differentiation. A direct prediction of this model is that an increase in the number of cell divisions would result in a delayed onset of differentiation. Since the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 is an essential component of the machinery leading to oligodendrocyte progenitor growth arrest, we examined the temporal relationship between cell cycle withdrawal and expression of late differentiation markers in vivo, in mice carrying a targeted deletion in the p27Kip1 gene. Using bromodeoxyuridine to label proliferating cells, quaking (QKI) to identify embryonic glial progenitors, NG2 to identify neonatal oligodendrocyte progenitors, and myelin basic protein to label differentiated oligodendrocytes, we found an increased number of proliferating QKI- and NG2-positive cells in germinal zones of p27Kip1(-/-) mice at the peak of gliogenesis. However, no delay was observed in these mice in the appearance of the late differentiation marker myelin basic protein in the developing corpus callosum and cerebellum. Significantly, a decrease in cyclin E levels was observed in the brain of p27Kip1 null mice coincident with oligodendrocyte growth arrest. We conclude that two distinct modalities of growth arrest occur in the oligodendrocyte lineage: a p27Kip1-dependent mechanism of growth arrest affecting proliferation in early phases of gliogenesis, and a p27Kip1-independent event leading to withdrawal from the cell cycle and differentiation.
High-power high-temperature operation of 0.98-μm S-SQW lasers with InGaAsP (Eg: 1.61 eV) barriers (2002)

In this paper, we systematically investigate the advantage of InGaAsP (Eg: 1.61 eV) barriers, which have the bandgap difference of 345 meV, against temperature characteristics, and compare them with conventional GaAs barriers. The excellent temperature characteristics of the laser with InGaAsP barriers results in high power operation at high temperatures.
The Effect of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure Configuration of Continuously Cast Steel Slabs (2009)

Parosteal lipoma is a usually indolent, rare benign tumor, characterized by clinicopathological findings similar to those of the commonly occurring subcutaneous lipoma, except for its intimate relationship with the connective tissue of the subjacent periosteal region. Parosteal lipoma commonly affects the diaphysis of long bones of the upper and lower limbs. We report an exceedingly rare case of parosteal lipoma of the rib, which presented in a 59-year-old man experiencing previous multiple traumas in this site.
Fundamental electronic mechanisms limiting the performance of solar cells (1977)

The efficiency of a solar cell depends on the electronic parameters which characterize the transport, recombination, and generation of electrons and holes in semiconductors. This paper describes the many basic mechanisms that can control these electronic parameters in solar cell materials.
Antibiotic Irrigation and Catheter-Associated Urinary-Tract Infections (1978)

To investigate the efficacy of antibiotic irrigation in preventing catheter-associated urinarytract infection, we carried out a randomized controlled trial of a neomycin-polymyxin irrigant administered through closed urinary catheters. Eighteen of 98 (18 per cent) of the patients not given irrigation became infected, as compared with 14 of 89 (16 per cent) of those given irrigation, yielding a mean daily incidence of 5 per cent in each group. The distribution of organisms and their antibiotic sensitivities differed in the two groups, the organisms from the patients with irrigation being more resistant. Disconnections of the catheter junctions were associated with high rates of infection. The rate of disconnections of the junctions in the group given irrigation was almost twice that of the control group because of the presence of the extra junction on overall infection rate represents the result of two opposing phenomena: the increased entry of organisms and the suppression of a portion of them.
Moving From Street to Home: Health Status of Entrants to a Housing First Program (2010)

Housing First (HF) is an evidence-based practice that ends chronic homelessness for individuals with serious mental illness by providing immediate access to permanent independent housing and team-based community supports. Little is known about the health status of homeless individuals entering HF programs. Through a cross-sectional analysis, this paper reports on the chronic physical disease burden of people entering a newly established HF program and examines whether these individuals recognize and request support for ongoing health-related issues. The authors' evaluation confirmed significantly higher rates of chronic disease (60%) and fair/poor self-reported health status (47%) than the general urban population of Philadelphia. The majority of clients reported they wanted to address both medical (67%) and mental health (68%) problems, but a much lower percentage reported wanting to reduce substance use (23%) or take psychiatric medications (25%). The authors conclude that formerly homeless entrants to HF programs have a high burden of chronic disease with complex health-related needs. Additionally, these individuals look to the program for health-related assistance. As the HF model is disseminated throughout the United States to end chronic homelessness, these findings support the development of flexible, integrated, person-centered health services within the HF service delivery system as a potentially effective method to address complex health needs.
Methylocapsa aurea sp. nov., a facultative methanotroph possessing a particulate methane monooxygenase, and emended description of the genus Methylocapsa (2010)

An aerobic, methanotrophic bacterium, designated KYG(T), was isolated from a forest soil in Germany. Cells of strain KYG(T) were Gram-negative, non-motile, slightly curved rods that multiplied by binary fission and produced yellow colonies. The cells contained intracellular granules of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate at each cell pole, a particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) and stacks of intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs) packed in parallel along one side of the cell envelope. Strain KYG(T) grew at pH 5.2-7.2 and 2-33 °C and could fix atmospheric nitrogen under reduced oxygen tension. The major cellular fatty acid was C(18 : 1)ω7c (81.5 %) and the DNA G+C content was 61.4 mol%. Strain KYG(T) belonged to the family Beijerinckiaceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria and was most closely related to the obligate methanotroph Methylocapsa acidiphila B2(T) (98.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 84.7 % pmoA sequence similarity). Unlike Methylocapsa acidiphila B2(T), which grows only on methane and methanol, strain KYG(T) was able to grow facultatively on acetate. Facultative acetate utilization is a characteristic of the methanotrophs of the genus Methylocella, but the genus Methylocella does not produce pMMO or ICMs. Strain KYG(T) differed from Methylocapsa acidiphila B2(T) on the basis of substrate utilization pattern, pigmentation, pH range, cell ultrastructure and efficiency of dinitrogen fixation. Therefore, we propose a novel species, Methylocapsa aurea sp. nov., to accommodate this bacterium. The type strain is KYG(T) (=DSM 22158(T) =VKM B-2544(T)).