gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
State estimation based on a spiking neural network using ultrasonic oscillosensors (2008)

Recently, the social role of the nursing health facilities increases more and more as Japan becomes an aged society. There has been a problem on accidents such as ldquofallingrdquo and ldquomoving away from facilitiesrdquo in such facilities owing to the overload to the human monitoring and the privacy protection. This sensor can detect the state such as turning over in bed and getting up on the bed. The parameters should be updated automatically according to the monitoring results. In the ultrasonic oscillosensor, two thresholds are used for the state estimation of the human behavior on the bed. Therefore, these thresholds should be automatically updated according to some criteria. In this paper, we apply a fuzzy spiking neural network for the state estimation of the human behaviors on the bed, and a steady-state genetic algorithm for updating the thresholds based on the correctness of the state estimation. Next, we discuss the effectiveness of the proposed method through several numerical experiments.
Z-Dedup:A Case for Deduplicating Compressed Contents in Cloud (2019)

Lossless data reduction techniques, particularly compression and deduplication, have emerged as effective approaches to tackling the combined challenge of explosive growth in data volumes but lagging growth in network bandwidth, to improve space and bandwidth efficiency in the cloud storage environment. However, our observations reveal that traditional deduplication solutions are rendered essentially useless in detecting and removing redundant data from the compressed packages in the cloud, which are poised to greatly increase in their presence and popularity. This is because even uncompressed, compressed and differently compressed packages of the exact same contents tend to have completely different byte stream patterns, whose redundancy cannot be identified by comparing their fingerprints. This, combined with different compressed packets mixed with different data but containing significant duplicate data, will further exacerbate the problem in the cloud storage environment. To address this fundamental problem, we propose Z-Dedup, a novel deduplication system that is able to detect and remove redundant data in compressed packages, by exploiting some key invariant information embedded in the metadata of compressed packages such as file-based checksum and original file length information. Our evaluations show that Z-Dedup can significantly improve both space and bandwidth efficiency over traditional approaches by eliminating 1.61% to 98.75% redundant data of a compressed package based on our collected datasets, and even more storage space and bandwidth are expected to be saved after the storage servers have accumulated more compressed contents.
Adhesion and friction behavior of group 4 elements germanium, silicon, tin, and lead (1975)

Adhesion and friction studies were conducted with thin films of the group IV elements silicon, germanium, tin, and lead ion plated on the nickel (011) substrate. The mating surface was gold (111). Contacts were made for the elements in the clean state and with oxygen present. Adhesion and friction experiments were conducted at very light loads of 1 to 10 g. Sliding was at a speed of 0.7 mm/min. Friction results indicate that the more covalently bonded elements silicon and germanium exhibit lower adhesion and friction than the more metallic bonded tin and lead. The adhesion of gold to germanium was observed, and recrystallization of the transferred gold occurred. Plastic flow of germanium was seen with sliding. Oxygen reduced, but did not eliminate, the adhesion observed with germanium and silicon.
A blue to highly transmissive soluble electrochromic polymer based on poly(3,4-propylenedioxyselenophene) with a high stability and coloration efficiency (2011)

The optical and electrochemical properties of a regioregular and soluble alkylenedioxyselenophene-based electrochromic polymer, namely poly(3,3-didecyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-selenopheno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine (PProDOS-C10), which is synthesized by electrochemical polymerization, are highlighted. It is noted that this unique polymer has a low band gap (1.58 eV) and is exceptionally stable under ambient atmospheric conditions. Polymer films retain 97% of their electroactivity after 40 000 cycles. The percentage transmittance of a PProDOS-C10 film was found to be 56.4% at 638 nm and 55.8% at 700 nm. Furthermore, this novel soluble PProDOS-C10polymer shows an electrochromic behavior: a color change from pure blue to a highly transparent state in a low switching time (1.0 s) during oxidation, with high coloration efficiencies (328 cm2C−1 at 638 nm and 319 cm2C−1 at 700 nm) when compared to its thiophene analogue.
Compounds Related to Pethidine--I. Mannich Bases Derived from Norpethidine and Acetophenones (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCompounds Related to Pethidine--I. Mannich Bases Derived from Norpethidine and AcetophenonesPaul A. J. Janssen, Anton H. M. Jageneau, Paul J. A. Demoen, Corn. van De. Westeringh, Alfons H. M. Raeymaekers, Maria S. J. Wouters, Stefan Sanczuk, Bert K. F. Hermans, and Jozef L. M. LoomansCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1958, 1, 1, 105–120Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm50002a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50002a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fourier Transform Methods in Finance (2009)

In recent years, Fourier transform methods have emerged as one of the major methodologies for the evaluation of derivative contracts, largely due to the need to strike a balance between the extension of existing pricing models beyond the traditional Black-Scholes setting and a need to evaluate prices consistently with the market quotes.\nFourier Transform Methods in Finance is a practical and accessible guide to pricing financial instruments using Fourier transform. Written by an experienced team of practitioners and academics, it covers Fourier pricing methods; the dynamics of assets prices, non stationary market dynamics, arbitrage free pricing, generalized functions and their application to Fourier transform.
An Alternate Pathway for T Cell Development Supported by the Bone Marrow Microenvironment: Recapitulation of Thymic Maturation (1998)

In the principal pathway of alpha/beta T cell maturation, T cell precursors from the bone marrow migrate to the thymus and proceed through several well-characterized developmental stages into mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This study demonstrates an alternative pathway in which the bone marrow microenvironment also supports the differentiation of T cell precursors into CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The marrow pathway recapitulates developmental stages of thymic maturation including a CD4+CD8+ intermediary cell and positive and negative selection, and is strongly inhibited by the presence of mature T cells. The contribution of the marrow pathway in vivo requires further study in mice with normal and deficient thymic or immune function.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-C/EBP Homologous Protein Pathway-Mediated Apoptosis in Macrophages Contributes to the Instability of Atherosclerotic Plaques (2010)

Objective— To elucidate whether and how the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) pathway in macrophages is involved in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods and Results— Increases in macrophage-derived foam cell death in coronary atherosclerotic plaques cause the plaque to become vulnerable, thus resulting in acute coronary syndrome. The ER stress–CHOP/growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene-153 (GADD153) pathway is induced in the macrophage-derived cells in atherosclerotic lesions and is involved in plaque formation. However, the role of CHOP in the final stage of atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated. Many CHOP-expressing macrophages showed apoptosis in advanced ruptured atherosclerotic lesions in wild-type mice, whereas few apoptotic cells were observed in Chop −/− mice. The rupture of atherosclerotic plaques was significantly reduced in high cholesterol–fed Chop −/− / Apoe −/− mice compared with Chop +/+ / Apoe −/− mice. Furthermore, using mice that underwent bone marrow transplantation, we showed that expression of CHOP in macrophages significantly contributes to the formation of ruptures. By using primary cultured macrophages, we further showed that unesterified free cholesterol derived from incorporated denatured low-density lipoprotein was accumulated in the ER and induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis in a CHOP-Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) pathway-dependent manner. Conclusion— The ER stress-CHOP-Bax–mediated apoptosis in macrophages contributes to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques.
Around the Model GI|G|s|∞ (2015)

We consider the least studied queuing system - model GI | G | s | ∞. In the case of the Poisson distribution for the incoming flow of the system is sufficiently studied in the works of classical queuing theory. The absence of this assumption complicates the study of the model, so we were limited to the results of the existence of limiting stationary distribution for the main characteristics and the rate of convergence to limit processes.
<i>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</i> , the causal agent of Asian soybean rust (2009)

At the beginning of the disease, small, tan-coloured lesions, restricted by leaf veins, can be observed on infected soybean leaves. Lesions enlarge and, 5-8 days after initial infection, rust pustules (uredia, syn. uredinia) become visible. Uredia develop more frequently in lesions on the lower surface of the leaf than on the upper surface. The uredia open with a round ostiole through which uredospores are released.
Sjögren syndrome. (2008)

Sjögren syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the exocrine glands with associated lymphocytic infiltration of the affected glands. The exocrinopathy can be encountered alone (primary Sjögren syndrome or in association with other autoimmune disorders, the three most common ones being rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and progressive systemic sclerosis (secondary Sjögren syndrome). A revised international consensus has been designed based on symptoms and objective signs. Recent studies have broadened our understanding of the etiopathogenesis and immunopathology of primary Sjögren syndrome. Systemic therapy includes treatment of the underlying systemic disorder with steroidal and nonsteroidal agents, disease-modifying agents, and cytotoxic therapy to address the extra glandular manifestations. Medical treatment of dry eye includes aqueous enhancement therapy, anti-inflammatory therapy, and secretagogues. The surgical treatment of dry eye includes punctal occlusion, tarsorrhaphy, and botulinum toxin-induced ptosis. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease as well as the therapeutic options.
Photodynamic therapy with violet light and topical δ‐aminolaevulinic acid in the treatment of actinic keratosis, Bowen’s disease and basal cell carcinoma (2001)

delta-ALA PDT using violet light appears to be a well tolerated and effective alternative treatment for premalignant and malignant skin lesions, especially when there are multiple lesions or large patches comprising a large area of skin.
Penetration of a bonding agent into De- and remineralized enamel in vitro. (2004)

To evaluate bonding penetration into different enamel substrates.Ten extracted human molars were mesiodistally sectioned. Buccal and lingual enamel surfaces were divided into four equal areas using sticky wax. The central two areas of each tooth (n = 20) were demineralized for 12 weeks using an acidic gel (pH 4.8). The lateral areas served as controls. After demineralization, ten specimens were remineralized in a saliva substitute for three weeks. An amine fluoride solution (Elmex Fluid) was applied on one half of each specimen before acid etching. After etching for 120 s, an enamel-bonding agent (Heliobond) containing 0.1% rhodamine was applied onto test and control areas, and was light cured for 60 s. Subsequently, the specimens were sectioned and tag length was determined using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Results were statistically compared with ANOVA followed by Scheffe's and Bonferroni/Dunn post hoc tests.With a mean penetration depth of 68 +/- 22 microm, tags in demineralized enamel were significantly longer than in other groups (p < or = 0.01). Penetration decreased significantly in remineralized areas or when fluoride was used (p < or = 0.01), but was still significantly deeper than in control sites (p < or = 0.01).Penetration of an unfilled resin into enamel was considerably influenced by the degree of dental hard tissue mineralization. Penetration was increased in demineralized enamel; however, remineralized enamel also allowed good penetration of the bonding agent.
Reversible and selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A in mental and other disorders (1995)

The clinically tested reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A (RIMAs) include brofaromine, moclobemide and toloxatone. Moclobemide has shown unequivocal antidepressant activity against serious depressive illness in 4 placebo-controlled double-blind trials. It has been compared with amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, desipramine, maprotiline, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, tranylcypromine, toloxatone, mianserin and amineptine in the treatment of depressive disorders. Meta-analysis showed convincing evidence of moclobemide efficacy, comparable with the most potent antidepressants available. The efficacy of moclobemide has been demonstrated in psychotic and non-psychotic depression, in depression with and without melancholia, in endogenous depression (both unipolar and bipolar), in retarded depression and in agitated depression. The efficacy of moclobemide, allied to the unusually benign side effect profile, has led to exploration of its use in other disorders. Two small studies have given encouraging results in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Large placebo-controlled studies have shown the activity of moclobemide in the depression that accompanies dementia (such as senile dementia of Alzheimer type). The results also suggested that, in this patient population, cognitive ability improved in parallel. Social phobia has also been shown to improve on treatment with either moclobemide or brofaromine. Clinical trials are in progress on the effect of moclobemide in chronic fatigue syndrome. Moreover, there are encouraging results with the use of brofaromine and moclobemide in panic disorder. Other disorders in which treatment with RIMA is of interest include agoraphobia, bulimia, borderline personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, compulsive hair pulling (trichotillomania), dysmorphophobia, kleptomania as well as various anxiety syndromes.
Summary of clinical findings on Engerix-B, a genetically engineered yeast derived hepatitis B vaccine. (1987)

Between February 1984 and August 1986 results have been obtained in 58 completed or ongoing clinical studies by 33 investigators in 19 countries on a yeast-derived recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine (Engerix-B). Among the 6100 subjects enrolled in these studies, 5664 subjects (150 normal neonates, 178 neonates of hepatitis B carrier mothers, 330 children aged 3-10 years, 3697 young healthy adults, 438 homosexual males, 110 older healthy adults, 139 drug addicts, 262 institutionalized mentally retarded patients, 59 thalassaemics, 25 sicklaemics, 270 patients on chronic haemodialysis and 6 haemophiliacs) received one or more (up to 4) injections of different doses of the yeast-derived vaccine according to either a 0, 1, 2, and 12 month or a 0, 1, and 6 month vaccination schedule. In randomized comparative studies 436 subjects received either one of two commercially available plasma-derived vaccines. The results reviewed in the present summary have shown that Engerix-B is safe, clinically well tolerated, gives an anti-HBs response which is qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that obtained with plasma-derived vaccines and confers protection against infection and disease. Engerix-B can be considered as a valid alternative to existing hepatitis B vaccines.
Studies on Charging Lithium-Ion Cells at Low Temperatures (2006)

The charge and discharge voltage profiles obtained with the conventional constant current–constant voltage charging and pulse charging protocols at low temperatures were studied. There are two peaks in the charge and subsequent discharge voltage profiles, which suggests that lithium plating can occur in two stages during the low-temperature charging. The first stage may occur shortly after the charging at while the second stage occurs in the later part of charging. The lithium deposited on the negative surface during the low-temperature charging can rapidly diffuse into the graphite negative at room temperature while it cannot diffuse into the graphite negative at . It appears that the lithium solid diffusion in the graphite negative is the ultimate rate-limiting factor for charging lithium-ion cells at low temperatures. The effects on cell properties such as cell capacity, rate capability, impedance, and cycle life from low-temperature charging with different charging protocols were also studied. Directions for improving the low-temperature charge capability of the lithium-ion cells and designing low-temperature charging protocols are discussed.
Clinical bladder cancer in sponge matrix tissue culture.Procedures for collection, cultivation, and assessment of viability (1978)

We studied the growth of surgically resected human bladder cancer in three dimensional tissue culture. Observations were made in the living cultures and after the sponge matrix cultures were fixed and prepared as histologic sections. We compared the histologic appearance of each tumor immediately after removal and after a week in culture. In a few instances the donor tumor was kept in medium at room temperature for one day before being inoculated into the matrix. This delay had only slight deleterious effect on the growth in culture. Over 85 consecutive cases have been placed in culture and the first 47 have been evaluated in histologic preparations. Tumors grew into the matrix with distinctly different patterns even when the zero time specimens were of similar histopathology. We also studied several antibiotics to identify conditions that would suppress the usual urinary bacterial contaminants without producing cytotoxicity to tumor cells by microscopic evaluation. A combination of gentamicin and kanamycin, each at a concentration of 50 μg/ml was effective.
Effect of block copolymer on the electric field induced morphology of polymer blends (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleEffect of block copolymer on the electric field induced morphology of polymer blendsJ. M. Serpico, G. E. Wnek, S. Krause, T. W. Smith, D. J. Luca, and A. Van LaekenCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 26, 6879–6881Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00026a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00026a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views196Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
It‘s all in the Family: Multiple Toll-like Receptors Offer Promise as novel Therapeutic Targets for Stroke Neuroprotection (2009)

Ischemic tolerance is a biological process that can be utilized to unlock the brain's own endogenous protection mechanisms and, as such, holds true promise for patients at risk of ischemic injury. Experimentally, preconditioning with various Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists has now been demonstrated to successfully attenuate ischemic damage, partly through genomic reprogramming of the body's response to stroke. This treatment diminishes the inflammatory response to stroke and at the same time enhances the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and neuroprotective mediators. This review discusses recent discoveries about the role of TLRs in preconditioning and ischemic tolerance.
Regional lung function impairment following post-operative radiotherapy for breast cancer using direct or tangential field techniques (1986)

We have compared the effect of tangential and direct irradiation on regional lung function in 22 consecutive patients with breast cancer, who had been treated by post-operative irradiation 3 months prior to the examination. The tangential technique (total dose 32-36 Gy, less than 5 Gy of the lung) was employed in eight of the patients, while the direct technique (total dose 40 Gy, 5-20 Gy to the lung) was used in the other 14. In the group that had been treated by the tangential technique, there was no impairment of the ventilation or perfusion of the irradiated lung compared with the contralateral lung. The radiographs of the thorax were all normal. In the group that had been treated by the direct technique, there was a reduction in both the ventilation and the perfusion in 12 of the patients (p less than 0.01). The radiographs of the thorax were abnormal in only seven of these 12 patients. In both groups the regional leakiness of the lungs was evaluated as the pulmonary clearance of inhaled nebulised 99Tcm-DTPA. Due to differences in smoking habits between and within the groups, the results were not conclusive. It is concluded that the regional lung function was not significantly affected by the tangential technique, in contrast to a pronounced and harmful effect of the direct technique.