gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and analysis of fixed planar holographic interconnects for optical neural networks (1992)

A neural-network architecture of multifaceted planar interconnection holograms and optoelectronic neurons is analyzed. Various computer-generated hologram techniques are analyzed and tested for their ability to produce an interconnection hologram with high-accuracy interconnects and high diffraction efficiency. A new technique is developed by using the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, followed by a random-search error minimization that produces the highest interconnect accuracy and the highest diffraction efficiency of the techniques tested. Analysis of the system shows that the hologram has the capacity to connect 5000 neuron outputs to 5000 neuron inputs with bipolar synapses and that the encoded synaptic weights have an accuracy of ~5 bits. A simple feedback system is constructed and demonstrated.
Requirement of <i>RAD5</i> and <i>MMS2</i> for Postreplication Repair of UV-Damaged DNA in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2002)

UV lesions in the template strand block the DNA replication machinery. Genetic studies of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have indicated the requirement of the Rad6-Rad18 complex, which contains ubiquitin-conjugating and DNA-binding activities, in the error-free and mutagenic modes of damage bypass. Here, we examine the contributions of the REV3, RAD30, RAD5, and MMS2 genes, all of which belong to the RAD6 epistasis group, to the postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA. Discontinuities, which are formed in DNA strands synthesized from UV-damaged templates, are not repaired in the rad5Delta and mms2Delta mutants, thus indicating the requirement of the Rad5 protein and the Mms2-Ubc13 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex in this repair process. Some discontinuities accumulate in the absence of RAD30-encoded DNA polymerase eta (Poleta) but not in the absence of REV3-encoded DNA Polzeta. We concluded that replication through UV lesions in yeast is mediated by at least three separate Rad6-Rad18-dependent pathways, which include mutagenic translesion synthesis by Polzeta, error-free translesion synthesis by Poleta, and postreplication repair of discontinuities by a Rad5-dependent pathway. We suggest that newly synthesized DNA possessing discontinuities is restored to full size by a "copy choice" type of DNA synthesis which requires Rad5, a DNA-dependent ATPase, and also PCNA and Poldelta. The possible roles of the Rad6-Rad18 and the Mms2-Ubc13 enzyme complexes in Rad5-dependent damage bypass are discussed.
Three-dimensional holey-graphene/niobia composite architectures for ultrahigh-rate energy storage (2017)

Nanostructured materials have shown extraordinary promise for electrochemical energy storage but are usually limited to electrodes with rather low mass loading (~1 milligram per square centimeter) because of the increasing ion diffusion limitations in thicker electrodes. We report the design of a three-dimensional (3D) holey-graphene/niobia (Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) composite for ultrahigh-rate energy storage at practical levels of mass loading (>10 milligrams per square centimeter). The highly interconnected graphene network in the 3D architecture provides excellent electron transport properties, and its hierarchical porous structure facilitates rapid ion transport. By systematically tailoring the porosity in the holey graphene backbone, charge transport in the composite architecture is optimized to deliver high areal capacity and high-rate capability at high mass loading, which represents a critical step forward toward practical applications.
Mobile Reader Selection for Improving Precision of Location Estimation in RTLS (2010)

RTLS (Real Time Locating Systems) are used to track and identify the location of objects in real time. RTLS generally consist of tags, readers and engine etc. and applied in various environments. One problem encountered in RTLS is constraints for setting up readers according to environments. In these challenging environments, it is necessary to develop techniques that can use mobile readers. As mobile reader increase, whole reader increase. And it is necessary to develop technique that can select useful readers. Selected readers including mobile readers take effect performance of RTLS. This paper introduces the technique for selecting good readers using the convex hull algorithm. The result show the good performance which based on tag's location error and reduce the networking overhead.
Boosting particle filter-based eye tracker performance through adapted likelihood function to reflexions and light changes (2006)

In this paper we propose a log likelihood-ratio function of foreground and background models used in a particle filter to track the eye region in dark-bright pupil image sequences. This model fuses information from both dark and bright pupil images and their difference image into one model. The tracker overcomes the issues of prior selection of static thresholds during the detection of feature observations in the bright-dark difference images. The auto-initialization process is performed using cascaded classifier trained using adaboost and adapted to IR eye images. Experiments show good performance in challenging sequences with test subjects showing large head movements and under significant light changes.
Constitutive Protection of E2F Recognition Sequences in the Human Thymidine Kinase Promoter during Cell Cycle Progression (1997)

The sequences responsible for S phase-specific induction of the human thymidine kinase (TK) gene have been mapped to a small region that contains putative E2F binding sites. We have analyzed protein-DNA interactions at the TK promoter during cell cycle progression in human fibroblasts using an in vivo footprinting approach. We found 14 protein binding sites that were occupied in vivo. All of the sites (among them two inverted CCAAT boxes and several Sp1 sites) bound transcription factors constitutively throughout the cell cycle, i.e. none of the factor binding was cell cycle-dependent. An E2F-like site located between nucleotides -97 and -89 relative to the major transcription start site was protected in G0, G1, S, and G2 phases. This cell cycle-independent protection of E2F sequences in the TK promoter differs from the G0/G1-restricted binding of E2F complexes observed for genes in which the E2F sites function as repressor elements (Tommasi, S., and Pfeifer, G. P. (1995) Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 6901-6913; Zwicker, J., Liu, N., Engeland, K., Lucibello, F. C., and Müller, R. (1996) Science 271, 1595-1597). A comparison of several genes containing E2F motifs indicates that E2F sites located in proximity to the transcription initiation site (-50 to +20) in TATA-less promoters predominantly function as repressor elements, while in other genes constitutively bound E2F complexes located further upstream mediate activation presumably in conjunction with a functional TATA box.
<i> <scp>S</scp> erinibacter </i> (2016)

Abstract Se.ri.ni.bac'ter. N.L. n. serinum serine; N.L. masc n. bacter rod; N.L. masc. n. Serinibacter a rod with serine in the cell wall. The genus Serinibacter belongs, based on the phylogenetic analysis of the nearly full‐length 16S rRNA gene, to the Beutenbergiaceae together with the genera Beutenbergia, Salana , and Miniimonas . The two species of the genus Serinibacter shared 99.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity but low DNA DNA relatedness. Cells are irregular rods, Gram‐stain positive, not acid‐fast. Endospores are not formed. Nonmotile. Aerobic to anaerobic. Oxidase‐negative, catalase‐positive. The peptidoglycan type is A4α with an l ‐Ser residue at position 1 of the peptide subunit. The acyl type is acetyl. The major cell‐wall sugar is galactose. The predominant menaquinone is MK‐8(H4). The major polar lipids consist of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and unidentified phospholipids. Phosphatidylethanolamine is absent. The cellular fatty acid profile is dominated by the occurrence of iso‐ and anteiso‐branched‐chain acids. Mycolic acids are absent. The genomic G+C content is 70.7 to 72.8 mol%. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Serinibacter is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Bacillati / Actinomycetota / Actinomycetes / Micrococcales / Beutenbergiaceae / Serinibacter The genus Serinibacter can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Serinibacter (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Actinomycetota / c__Actinomycetes / o__Actinomycetales / f__Beutenbergiaceae / g__Serinibacter * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
A 760-nW, 180-nm CMOS Fully Analog Voice Activity Detection System for Domestic Environment (2020)

This article presents a fully analog, signal-to-noise-ratio-based voice-activity detection (VAD) circuit. The circuit is based on an energy-efficient analog implementation with continuous-time nonlinear operation and fully passive switched-capacitor signal processing. The overall chain is composed of a programmable-gain amplifier, a squarer, an integrator, an SC-based signal averaging circuit, and a periodic threshold update circuit for adaptability. This implementation allows the minimization of both power consumption and chip area. The VAD circuit prototype has been fabricated in a 180-nm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 0.14 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The device achieves 99.5% classification accuracy in a domestic environment in the presence of loud ambient noise, consuming 760 nW from a 1.2-V supply.
Unique continuation for |?u| = V |Ñu| and related problems. (1990)

Much of this paper will be concerned with the proof of the following Theorem 1. Suppose d = 3, r = max {d, (3d - 4)/2}. If V Î Llocr(Rd), then the differential inequality |?u| = V |Ñu| has the strong unique continuation property in the following sense: If u belongs to the Sobolev space Wloc2,p and if |?u| = V |Ñu| and limR?0 R-N ?|x| < R |Ñu|p' = 0 for all N then u is constant.
A Construction of Linearly Encodable QC-LDPC Codes by Grouping Cyclic Shift and Block Elimination (2008)

In this paper, the girth and rank property based on grouping cyclic shift of a parity-check matrix is proved firstly. Then a quasi-cyclic square matrix with full rank is constructed by grouping cyclic shift and block elimination. By proper matrix extension, we construct a parity-check matrix based on the square matrix whose column weight is close or equal to three, which is suitable for efficient encoding procedure in [3][4][11] with a near linear complexity. Simulation results show a better performance compared to array based LDPC codes and LDPC codes in 802.11n standard.
Perception and acoustics of emotions in singing (1997)

In this experiment, the acoustic correlates of perceived emotions in singing were investigated. Singers were instructed to sing one phrase in a neutral way and in the emotions anger, joy, fear, and sadness. Listeners rated the strength of the perceived emotions for each fragment. Principal component analyses were performed on the listeners’ ratings. The derived factors were interpreted as listening strategies; and a listener’s factor loading as an indicator of the extent to which that listener used that strategy. Using the original ratings and the factor loadings, the phrases were assigned composite ratings for each emotion. Acoustic measures of spectral balance, vibrato, duration and intensity were related to the composite ratings using multiple regression analyses. It was found that anger was associated with the presence of vibrato; joyous phrases had vibrato, a short final duration, and a shallow spectral slope; sadness was associated with absence of vibrato, long duration, and a low intensity, whereas fear was related to a steep spectral slope.
Energy spreading and data compression using the Prometheus Orthonormal Set (2002)

The Prometheus Orthonormal Set (PONS/sup TM/) can be effectively used to compress all common digital audio signals. This compression method is effective because of two fundamental properties, computational simplicity and energy spreading. Although there exist other transform coding methods, such as Walsh-Hadamard, which give compression while limiting the computational burden, we believe that the energy spreading feature of PONS is unique. We express this feature in precise mathematical terms and indicate how it is helpful for compression.
Nonlinear Transfer Functions with Thyrite (1958)

Since the publication of a previous paper1 the uses of Thyrite2 in the synthesis of nonlinear transfer functions in analog computing have been greatly expanded. Moreover, new and considerably improved methods of Thyrite selection and matching have been developed. The present paper shows how rational exponents can be represented. Functions of the form y = kx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> , with 1/δ ≤ n ≥ 6 are readily obtained. Circuit configurations generating the functions 1 - (2x/π <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">)1.74</sup> and 1 - [2/π(x-π/2)] <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.74</sup> which provide excellent approximations to the cosine and sine functions, respectively, are given and an improved quarter-square multiplier using Thyrite squaring is discussed. A study was also made of the physical factors influencing the performance and accuracy of Thyrite and quantitative experimental data regarding these factors are presented.
Fabric-Based Wearable Dry Electrodes for Body Surface Biopotential Recording (2015)

A flexible and conformable dry electrode design on nonwoven fabrics is examined as a sensing platform for biopotential measurements. Due to limitations of commercial wet electrodes (e.g., shelf life, skin irritation), dry electrodes are investigated as the potential candidates for long-term monitoring of ECG signals. Multilayered dry electrodes are fabricated by screen printing of Ag/AgCl conductive inks on flexible nonwoven fabrics. This study focuses on the investigation of skin-electrode interface, form factor design, electrode body placement of printed dry electrodes for a wearable sensing platform. ECG signals obtained with dry and wet electrodes are comparatively studied as a function of body posture and movement. Experimental results show that skin-electrode impedance is influenced by printed electrode area, skin-electrode interface material, and applied pressure. The printed electrode yields comparable ECG signals to wet electrodes, and the QRS peak amplitude of ECG signal is dependent on printed electrode area and electrode on body spacing. Overall, fabric-based printed dry electrodes present an inexpensive health monitoring platform solution for mobile wearable electronics applications by fulfilling user comfort and wearability.
Improved physical layer secure wireless communications using a directional modulation enhanced retrodirective array (2014)

Unlike the mathematical encryption and decryption adopted in the classical cryptographic technology at the higher protocol layers, it is shown that characteristics intrinsic to the physical layer, such as wireless channel propagation, can be exploited to lock useful information. This information then can be automatically unlocked using real time analog RF means. In this paper retrodirective array, RDA, technology for spatial encryption in the multipath environment is for the first time combined with the directional modulation, DM, method normally associated with free space secure physical layer communications. We show that the RDA can be made to operate more securely by borrowing DM concepts and that the DM enhanced RDA arrangement is suitable for use in a multipath environment.
Isolation of Alginate-producing Mutants of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas mendocina (1981)

Spontaneous alginate-producing (muc) variants were isolated from strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida and P. mendocina at a frequency of 1 in 10(8) by selecting for carbenicillin resistance. The infrared spectrum of the bacterial exopolysaccharide was typical of an acetylated alginate similar to that previously described in Azotobacter vinelandii and in mucoid variants of P. aeruginosa. Mucoid variants were not isolated from P. stutzeri, P. pseudoalcaligenes, P. testosteroni, P. diminuta, P. acidovorans, P. cepacia or P. maltophilia.
Inhibition of experimental tumor metastasis by selective activation of natural killer cells. (1982)

The antitumor activity generated by selective activation of natural killer (NK) cells was studied in vitro and in vivo. Unlike Corynebacterium parvum CN6134, which activated both NK cells and macrophages, periodate-oxidized C. parvum CN6134 lost the ability to activate macrophages but retained almost all the NK-stimulating capacity of the untreated bacterium. The "inactive" C. parvum strain CN5888 also induced a modest, but selective, activation of NK cells. The enhanced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was expressed against YAC-1 lymphoma, UV-2237 fibrosarcoma, and B16 melanoma target cells in vitro and was manifested in vivo by increased destruction of circulating tumor cells and the inhibition of hematogenous tumor metastasis. Periodate-treated C. parvum was as effective in inhibiting the formation of B16 melanoma pulmonary metastases as was untreated C. parvum. In both cases, the inhibiting effect corresponded closely with the kinetics of NK cell activation.
New Startup Method Using Internal Momentum Management of Variable-Speed Control Moment Gyroscopes (2012)

gyroscopes is developed. The method provides closed-loop internal momentum tracking control to enable the flywheels to start from rest and reach desired wheel speeds. The proposed controller functioning as a variable-speed control moment gyroscope steering law is developed in terms of the gimbal rates and the flywheel accelerations, which are weighted by a singularity measure. Specifically, using null motion, a strategy is developed to simultaneously perform gimbal reconfiguration for singularity avoidance andinternal momentum management for flywheel startup. A Lyapunov-based stability analysis is used to prove asymptotic attitude tracking and exponential internal momentum tracking despite the effects of uncertain, time-varying satellite inertia properties and uncertain actuatorinertiaproperties.Numericalsimulationsillustratetheperformanceoftheadaptivecontrollerasavariablespeed control moment gyroscope steering law.
Signal integrity analysis of a 26 layers board with emphasis on the effect of non-functional pads (2008)

Aim of this paper is the signal integrity analysis of multilayer boards with emphasis on the effect of non-functional pads. In particular it is demonstrated how removing the nonfunctional pads to reduce the coupling mechanisms of the pads with the planes above and/or below can not be considered a general rule of thumb due to possible larger impedance variation (TDR). Accurate and reliable numerical simulations are in this case really important in order to correctly determine the impact of those non-functional pads on the signal integrity. A 26 layers board is analyzed by simulating with a three dimensional EM field solver a portion of the original Allegro file.
Molecular Epidemiology of Hospital-Associated and Community-Acquired <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection in a Swedish County (2004)

All episodes of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) diagnosed in a defined population of 274,000 including one tertiary and two primary hospitals and their catchment areas were studied during 12 months. The annual CDAD incidence in the county was 97 primary episodes per 100,000, and 78% of all episodes were classified as hospital associated with a mean incidence of 5.3 (range, 1.4 to 6.5) primary episodes per 1,000 admissions. The incidence among hospitalized individuals was 1,300-fold higher than that in the community (33,700 versus 25 primary episodes per 100,000 persons per year), reflecting a 37-fold difference in antibiotic consumption (477 versus 13 defined daily doses [DDD]/1,000 persons/day) and other risk factors. Three tertiary hospital wards with the highest incidence (13 to 36 per 1,000) had CDAD patients of high age (median age of 80 years versus 70 years for other wards, P < 0.001), long hospital stay (up to 25 days versus 4 days), or a high antibiotic consumption rate (up to 2,427 versus 421 DDD/1,000 bed days). PCR ribotyping of C. difficile isolates available from 330 of 372 CDAD episodes indicated nosocomial acquisition of the strain in 17 to 27% of hospital-associated cases, depending on the time interval between index and secondary cases allowed (2 months or up to 12 months), and only 10% of recurrences were due to a new strain of C. difficile (apparent reinfection). In other words, most primary and recurring episodes were apparently caused by the patient's endogenous strain rather than by one of hospital origin. Typing also indicated that a majority of C. difficile strains belonged to international serotypes, and the distribution of types was similar within and outside hospitals and in primary and relapsing CDAD. However, type SE17 was an exception, comprising 22% of hospital isolates compared to 6% of community isolates (P = 0.008) and causing many minor clusters and a silent nosocomial outbreak including 36 to 44% of the CDAD episodes in the three high-incidence wards.
A general class of enumerations arising in genetics. (1967)

Fisher [1950] gave a general combinatorial method of solution for a class of enumerations in genetics where one is concerned with sets of formulae generated by a given permutation group. As similar problems arise in fields other than genetics, Fisher's enumerations seem to deserve wider attenLtion than they have received. One series of expressions giving the number of partitions of an integer n in k dimensions (or equally the number of sets of isomorphic n-somic genotypes heterogenic at k linked loci) appears to be of very general interest. Foulkes [1965], using group representation theory, has shown that further analysis of Fisher's enumerations is possible in terms of subgroups of the basic permutation group and he has raised the question as to how these subgroups enter into the genetical problems. This article shows how, using an extension of Fisher's method, the subgroups to which Foulkes has drawn attention arise naturally in the genetical context. The enumerations given by Foulkes refer to sets of genetical formulae which are invariant under various subgroups of permutations.
Plaque stabilisation in acute coronary syndromes: clinical considerations (2003)

he large secondary prevention trials of statin treatment in coronary artery disease were characterised by separation of the survival curves in the first 6-18 months after randomisation. w1-3 This was too soon to be fully explained by changes in disease progression, so the concept of plaque stabilisation arose, described largely in terms of cap strength and lipid pool. w4 w5 This concept, however, has no direct parallel in acute coronary syndromes because the plaque has, by definition, already ruptured and thrombosis has occurred with variable obstruction of the arterial lumen. 1 2 The process of plaque rupture occurs against a background of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction which are generalised throughout the coronary arteries, accounting for recent intravascular ultrasound findings of multiple ruptured plaques in patients with acute coronary syndromes, often located remotely from the index artery. In order to achieve plaque stabilisation, therefore, with healing of the ruptured plaque and restoration of luminal patency, the following targets must be achieved: c Dissolution of thrombus c Reduction of inflammatory activity c Passivation of the coronary endothelium.