gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crosslinked Starch as Sustained Release Agent (1990)

AbstractDifferent types of crosslinked starches and pregelatinized-crosslinked starches were evaluated for their use as hydrophilic matrices. Some fundamental properties of these chemically modified starches, e.g. granule swelling power and viscosity of the dispersion in function of pH and ionic strength, were studied. Dissolution tests and the rate and amount of water uptake were evaluated on tablets containing theophylline and modified starch (40/60 w/w), compressed on an instrumented tablet press at three different pressures (50,200 and 300 MPa.). Theophylline releasing profiles were determined using the paddle system at a rotational speed of 50 rpm Water, simulated gastric fluid, and simulated intestinal fluid were used as dissolution media. Crosslinked starches showed a poor swelling power and dispersion viscosity in comparison to pregelatinized starch and pregelatinized-crosslinked starches. The pregelatinized-crosslinked starches developed less swelling power than the pregelatinized starch, but they showed higher dispersion viscosity than the pregelatinized starch. The viscosity of all starch dispersions was not affected by ionic strength. An alkaline pH dramatically increased the dispersion viscosity of pregelatinized starch and pregelatinized-crosslinked starches. Drug dissolution rate was lower for tablets containing pregelatinized starch than for tablets containing pregelatinized-crosslinked starches. This phenomenon can be related to the rate and amount of water uptake. The dissolution rate seemed not to be influenced by the compression force nor by the composition of the dissolution media. The results indicate that crosslinked starches, either pregelatinized or not, are not suitable as sustained release agents.
Making and Changing Buffers (2003)

Control of pH is a central consideration in handling proteins, and this requires the use of buffer solutions. Furthermore, a typical protein purification schedule will contain several steps generally needed to be carried out in buffers of different pH values and ionic strengths (see Note 1). Hence, it is necessary to have available methods for changing buffers. The present chapter reviews the properties of buffers and preparation of buffer solutions, and then deals with ways in which a protein solution can be changed from one buffer to another.
A hybrid method for bilingual text sentiment classification based on deep learning (2016)

Text sentiment classification has occupied a pivotal position in sentiment analysis research, it offers important opinion mining functions. Nowadays, with explosion of information, many researchers are focusing on sentiment classification research on massive amounts of data. However, the traditional machine learning methods cannot acquire text semantic information and most research achievements are about single language, in this paper, a hybrid method which integrates the deep learning features and shallow learning features is proposed. The hybrid method can not only realize single language text sentiment classification but realize bilingual text sentiment classification as well. Models such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with long short term memory(LSTM), Naïve Bayes Support Vector Machine (NB-SVM), word vectors and bag-of-words are explored. Firstly, these models are studied separately in sentiment classification task. The paper then integrates the above methods as a whole to complete the task. Different combination strategies are discussed regarding the contribution of each method. The experiments show that the accuracy can reach 89% and the hybrid method performs much better than any other method individually. The proposed method achieves a performance close to the state-of-the-art methods based on the had-engineered features. What's more, the hybrid model can learn more linguistic phenomena with the growth of the accuracy of emotional tendency discrimination when more background knowledge is available.
Laser Rayleigh scattering (2001)

Rayleigh scattering is a powerful diagnostic tool for the study of gases and is particularly useful for aiding in the understanding of complex flow fields and combustion phenomena. Although the mechanism associated with the scattering, induced electric dipole radiation, is conceptually straightforward, the features of the scattering are complex because of the anisotropy of molecules, collective scattering from many molecules and inelastic scattering associated with rotational and vibrational transitions. These effects cause the scattered signal to be depolarized and to have spectral features that reflect the pressure, temperature and internal energy states of the gas. The very small scattering cross section makes molecular Rayleigh scattering particularly susceptible to background interference. Scattering from very small particles also falls into the Rayleigh range and may dominate the scattering from molecules if the particle density is high. This particle scattering can be used to enhance flow visualization and velocity measurements, or it may be removed by spectral filtering. New approaches to spectral filtering are now being applied to both Rayleigh molecular scattering and Rayleigh particle scattering to extract quantitative information about complex gas flow fields. This paper outlines the classical properties of Rayleigh scattering and reviews some of the new advances in flow field imaging that have been achieved using the new filter approaches.
Studies on lndan Acids as Potential Oral Hypoglycemic Agents. (1976)

Department of Pharmacy, Jadavpur University, Calcutta-700 032. <em>Manuscript received 28 January 1976 ; revised 28 April 1976 ; accepted 20 July 1976</em> Indan acids, structurally related to hypoglycemic indole acids, were prepared and screened for hypoglycemic activity. Some of these acids were found to exhibit appreciable activity both in normal and in alloxan-diabetic animals. The highest activity was observed in compounds containing monometboxy substituent in the benzenoid part of the indan moiety.
Distributed and Big Data Storage Management in Grid Computing (2012)

Big data storage management is one of the most challenging issues for Grid computing environments, since large amount of data intensive applications frequently involve a high degree of data access locality. Grid applications typically deal with large amounts of data. In traditional approaches high-performance computing consists dedicated servers that are used to data storage and data replication. In this paper we present a new mechanism for distributed and big data storage and resource discovery services. Here we proposed an architecture named Dynamic and Scalable Storage Management (DSSM) architecture in grid environments. This allows in grid computing not only sharing the computational cycles, but also share the storage space. The storage can be transparently accessed from any grid machine, allowing easy data sharing among grid users and applications. The concept of virtual ids that, allows the creation of virtual spaces has been introduced and used. The DSSM divides all Grid Oriented Storage devices (nodes) into multiple geographically distributed domains and to facilitate the locality and simplify the intra-domain storage management. Grid service based storage resources are adopted to stack simple modular service piece by piece as demand grows. To this end, we propose four axes that define: DSSM architecture and algorithms description, Storage resources and resource discovery into Grid service, Evaluate purpose prototype system, dynamically, scalability, and bandwidth, and Discuss results. Algorithms at bottom and upper level for standardization dynamic and scalable storage management, along with higher bandwidths have been designed.
Towards High-Performance Network Intrusion Prevention System on Multi-core Network Services Processor (2009)

Network intrusion prevention system (NIPS) becomes more complex due to the rapid growth of network bandwidth and requirement of network security. However existing solutions, either hardware-based or software-based cannot obtain a good tradeoff between performance and flexibility. In this paper, we propose a parallel NIPS architecture using emerging network services processor. To resolve the problems and bottlenecks of high-speed processing, we investigate the main design aspects which have dramatic impacts on most parallel network security system implementations: efficient and flexible pipeline and parallel processing, flow-level packet-order preserving, and latency hiding of deep packet inspection. To these key points, we address several optimizations and modifications with an architecture-aware design principle to guarantee high performance and flexibility of the NIPS on a network services processor implementation. Performance evaluation shows that, our prototype NIPS on Cavium OCTEON3860 processor can reach line-rate stateful inspection and multi-Gbps deep inspection performance.
Design and Performance Prediction in Meshed Networks with Mixed Fiber Types (2008)

We carry out an extensive study of the accuracy of the weighted non-linear criterion to predict the performance of optical systems with mixed fiber types, over 10 or 40 Gb/s configurations, based on various modulation formats.
Laboratory methods of equine pregnancy diagnosis (1977)

<p>In this paper we focus on consistently identifying a transfer function (module) embedded in a dynamic network. When identifying a module embedded in a dynamic network, a critical choice is which variables to include as predictor inputs. In the system identification literature sufficient conditions have been derived. One condition is that there should be no confounding variables. We show that this condition can be relaxed.</p>
Anchoring a cytoactive factor in a wound bed promotes healing (2014)

Wound healing is a complex process that requires the intervention of cytoactive factors. The one-time application of soluble factors to a wound bed does not maintain a steady, sufficient concentration. Here we investigated the benefits of anchoring a factor in a wound bed via a tether to endogenous collagen. We used a collagen-mimetic peptide (CMP) as a pylon. The CMP binds to damaged but not intact collagen and thus localizes a pendant cytoactive factor in the regions of a wound bed that require intervention. As a model factor, we chose substance P, a peptide of the tachykinin family that promotes wound healing. Using splinted wounds in db/db mice, we found that the one-time application of a CMP-substance P conjugate enhances wound healing compared to unconjugated substance P and other controls. Specifically, all 16 wounds treated with the conjugate closed more thoroughly and, did so with extensive re-epithelialization and mitigated inflammatory activity. These data validate a simple and general strategy for re-engineering wound beds by the integration of beneficial cytoactive factors. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Use of Multi Agent Paradigm to Build an Agent Based Architecture for E-Commerce Application (2011)

In artificial intelligence research, agent-based systems technology has been hailed as a new paradigm for conceptualizing, designing, and implementing software systems. Agents are sophisticated computer programs that act autonomously on behalf of their users, across open and distributed environments, to solve a growing number of complex problems. Increasingly, however, applications require multiple agents that can work together. A multi-agent system (MAS) is a loosely coupled network of software agents that interact to solve problems that are beyond the individual capacities or knowledge of each problem solver. There are many such real time applications which are very complex and beyond the scope of individual problem solver such as computer games simulation, population explosion problem, simulation of share market trading, aircraft maintenance, electronic book buying coalitions, military demining, wireless collaboration and communications, supply-chain management, joint mission planning and electronic commerce (online trading). The paper aims at developing a agent based architecture for supporting online trading using the multi agent systems platform. The present work has successfully implemented one such agent based environment for online fruit trading comprising of broadly three agents. This case study describes the implementation of a sample marketplace application called ‘Fruit Market’. The objective is to enable the market participants to electronically trade tasty fruit over a network via their agents. Once we have a specification, the desired system can be situated within a domain that contains similar features and challenges. As the agents will exhibit trading behavior it is obvious that this application is best situated within the Multi-Agent Trading domain. This domain contains two role models: Distributed Marketplace and Institutional Auction, hence the next step is to consider which roles from the domain's role models best fit our specification. The details of selection of roles and responsibilities and implementation of agent architecture are discussed in the paper.
Shock Wave Structure in Lennard-Jones Crystal via Molecular Dynamics (1999)

The molecular dynamics (MD) method is applied to study the internal structure of strong steady shock waves in a Lennard-Jones crystal. We develop two different approaches to MD shock simulation which enable us to calculate fine-grained profiles of flow variables and their fluctuations in close detail. In contrast to shock waves in gases and fluids, solid shocks exhibit oscillatory profiles within the shock front. We study in detail these oscillations by exploring the evolution of velocity distribution, pair distribution, and potential energy distribution functions across the shock layer.
ERG K<sup>+</sup> channels modulate the electrical and contractile activities of gallbladder smooth muscle (2003)

The current study was undertaken to test the existence and possible role of ether-a-go-go-related gene 1 (ERG1) protein K(+) channels in gallbladder smooth muscle (GBSM). Transcripts encoding ERG1 were detected in human, mouse, and guinea pig GBSM, and ERG1 immunoreactivity was observed in GBSM cells. In intracellular voltage recordings, addition of E-4031 (100 nM-1 microM) or cisapride (100 nM-2 microM) caused concentration-dependent excitation of guinea pig GBSM that was not affected by 500 nM TTX + 5 microM atropine, and E-4031 also depolarized the resting membrane potential. In muscle strip studies, E-4031 either induced phasic contractions or significantly increased the amplitude of phasic contractions in spontaneously active tissues (P = 0.001). E-4031 also potentiated bethanechol-induced contractions. In conclusion, ERG1 channels are expressed in the GBSM, where they play a role in excitation-contraction coupling probably by contributing to repolarization of the plateau phase of the action potential and to the resting membrane potential.
TIGRE: a MATLAB-GPU toolbox for CBCT image reconstruction (2016)

In this article the Tomographic Iterative GPU-based Reconstruction (TIGRE) Toolbox, a MATLAB/CUDA toolbox for fast and accurate 3D x-ray image reconstruction, is presented. One of the key features is the implementation of a wide variety of iterative algorithms as well as FDK, including a range of algorithms in the SART family, the Krylov subspace family and a range of methods using total variation regularization. Additionally, the toolbox has GPU-accelerated projection and back projection using the latest techniques and it has a modular design that facilitates the implementation of new algorithms. We present an overview of the structure and techniques used in the creation of the toolbox, together with two usage examples. The TIGRE Toolbox is released under an open source licence, encouraging people to contribute.
Design of Low Power CMOS Crystal Oscillator with Tuning Capacitors (2006)

A low power CMOS crystal oscillator was proposed with high accuracy by tuning capacitors. Based on the analysis concerning power consumption, start-up time, and frequency stability of the crystal oscillator, an amplitude regulation circuit was employed to limit the current consumption. Simulation results showed the measured currents of 27 µA and 20 µA with and without the output stage under 1.5 V supply voltage, respectively.
Lipid and protein structures in the permeability barrier of mammalian epidermis. (1992)

The epidermis of terrestrial vertebrates has evolved to provide a barrier to water permeation that is essential for survival in a desiccating environment. It has been realized for decades that this barrier is provided by lipids, but it was only during the 1980s that the molecular structure and physical arrangement of these lipids were defined. During the past several years, it has become apparent that in the performance of their function, epidermal lipids interact with proteins, and in some instances are covalently linked to protein structures. It is the purpose of this review to inspect and evaluate those instances where lipids and proteins interact in providing the epidermal barrier. For the benefit of those whose experience does not include dermatology, it will be desirable to briefly review the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the skin, as well as the biochemistry of the epidermal lipids.
Role of branching of hydrophilic domain on physicochemical properties of amphiphilic macromolecules (2013)

A novel series of amphiphilic macromolecules (AMs) composed of a sugar backbone, aliphatic chains, and branched, hydrophilic poly(oligoethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA)were developed for drug delivery applications. The branched, hydrophilic domains (POEGMA homopolymers with one hydroxyl group) were prepared <i>via</i> atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA) monomers using 2-hydroxyethyl-2-bromoisobutyrate (HEBiB) as an initiator and copper bromide/bipyridine (CuBr/Bpy) as the catalyst system. To form the amphiphilic structures, the branched POEGMAs were coupled to hydrophobic domains that were formed via acylation of a sugar backbone. The impact of branching in the hydrophilic domain was investigated by comparing the AMs' solution and thermal properties with those of the linear counterparts. Although these highly branched AMs showed similar critical micelle concentration (CMC) values as compared to linear analogues, they possessed quite low glass transition (<i>T<sub>g</sub></i> ) temperatures. Consequently, these novel AMs with branched hydrophilic domain combine the desirable thermal properties of POEGMA with favorable solution properties of amphiphilic architectures, which make them suitable for injectable drug delivery systems.
Cloning and DNA sequence analysis of the wild-type and mutant cyclic AMP receptor protein genes from Salmonella typhimurium (1986)

The crp gene from Salmonella typhimurium, as well as two mutant adenylate cyclase regulation genes designated crpacr-3 and crpacr-4, were cloned into the EcoRI site of plasmid pUC8. Initially cloned on 5.6-kilobase fragments isolated from EcoRI digests of chromosomal DNA, these genes were further subcloned into the BamHI-EcoRI site of plasmid pBR322. When tested, Escherichia coli crp deletion strains harboring the clones regained their ability to pleiotropically ferment catabolite-repressible sugars. Also, the crpacr-containing strains displayed sensitivity to exogenous cyclic AMP (cAMP) when grown on eosin-methylene blue medium with xylose as the carbon source. The proteins encoded by the S. typhimurium wild-type and mutant crp genes were found to have similar molecular weights when compared with the wild-type cAMP receptor protein (CRP) from E. coli. DNA sequence analysis of the wild-type crp gene showed only a three-nucleotide difference from the E. coli sequence, suggesting little divergence of the crp gene between these organisms. The crpacr sequences, however, each contained single nucleotide changes resulting in amino acid substitutions at position 130 of the CRP. Based on the site at which these substitutions occur, the crpacr mutations are believed to affect CRP-cAMP interactions.
On‐Chip All‐Optical Switching and Memory by Silicon Photonic Crystal Nanocavities (2008)

We review our recent studies on all‐optical switching and memory operations based on thermo‐optic and carrier‐plasma nonlinearities both induced by two‐photon absorption in silicon photonic crystal nanocavities. Owing to high‐ Q and small volume of these photonic crystal cavities, we have demonstrated that the switching power can be largely reduced. In addition, we demonstrate that the switching time is also reduced in nanocavity devices because of their short diffusion time. These features are important for all‐optical nonlinear processing in silicon photonics technologies, since silicon is not an efficient optical nonlinear material. We discuss the effect of the carrier diffusion process in our devices, and demonstrate improvement in terms of the response speed by employing ion‐implantation process. Finally, we show that coupled bistable devices lead to all‐optical logic, such as flip‐flop operation. These results indicate that a nanocavity‐based photonic crystal platform on a silicon chip may be a promising candidate for future on‐chip all‐optical information processing in a largely integrated fashion.
Cleavage Site between VP1 and P2A of Human Rhinovirus Is Different in Serotypes 2 and 14 (1987)

The viral capsid protein VP1 of human rhinovirus serotype 2 (HRV2) was cleaved with cyanogen bromide. The peptides thus obtained were separated on an HPLC butyl reversed phase column. Their positions on VP1 were determined by amino-terminal sequencing using the known nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of HRV2. The putative carboxy-terminal peptide was further cleaved with trypsin and the resulting fragments were separated on a C18 reversed phase column. Amino-terminus of sequencing of the C-terminal peptide revealed alanine as being the carboxy terminus of VP1 in HRV2. This indicates that the processing of the polyprotein is different in HRV2 from the processing previously reported for HRV14 and poliovirus.
The Deoxycytidylate Deaminase Found in Bacillus subtilis Infected with Phage SP8<sup>*</sup> (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Deoxycytidylate Deaminase Found in Bacillus subtilis Infected with Phage SP8*Mutsuko Nishihara, Andreas Chrambach, and H. Vasken AposhianCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 7, 1877–1886Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00859a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00859a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A multiple network learning approach to capture system-wide condition-specific responses (2011)

C++ code can be accessed from http://www.broadinstitute.org/~sroy/condspec/ .