gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A passivity based admittance control for stabilizing the compliant humanoid COMAN (2012)

This paper presents a generic stabilization framework which is applicable for both compliant and stiff humanoids. The proposed control framework is applied to the passive compliant humanoid robot COMAN which is equipped with series elastic actuators. The stabilization control framework combines the compliance control and the intrinsic angular momentum modulation to achieve an agile and compliant interaction against external perturbations. The admittance based compliance control uses the force/torque sensing in both feet to regulate the active compliance for the position controlled system. The physical elasticity in the new full body COMAN is exploited for the reduction and absorption of the instantaneous impacts while the admittance control further dissipates the excessive elastic energy. The angular momentum controller reduces the overall inertia effect for providing more rapid reactions. Both the theoretical work and experimental validation were presented. The effectiveness of the control scheme is demonstrated by COMAN's capabilities of withstanding various types of perturbations applied over the body, balancing on a moving platform and stabilizing while walking. Experimental data of the ground reaction force/torque, center of mass references and estimations, and the stored elastic energy are presented and analyzed.
Enzyme-Analogue Built Polymers. XIX. Racemic Resolution on Polymers Containing Chiral Cavities (1986)

Abstract With the aid of a chiral template molecule binding groups could be placed in a highly crosslinked polymer in such a way that they are present in a chiral cavity of specific shape in a given stereochemistry. Polymers of this type possessed a high selectivity for racemic resolution of the racemate of the template. In the batch procedure separation factors α as high as 3.65 were obtained. In chromatography similar to other chromatographic racemic resolutions a slow mass transfer was observed. This is not due to resistance to intra-particle diffusion since similar polymers coated as thin layers to wide pore silica showed comparable behaviour. New chromatographic investigations on glycoldimethacrylate based polymers with high selectivity in the batch procedure are described. Systematic investigations showed that resolutions of Rs=1.2 can be obtained. At elevated temperature the separations were even better and higher retention was observed. The amount of cavities on the surface was varied and an optimum for chromatographic separations was found.
Caracterização do futebol: distância percorrida, vo2máx e percentual de gordura do futebolista: revisão sistemática (2011)

Purpose: to demonstrate the VO2max and the fat percentage of the athlete, as well as the physiological load of the footballthrough the distance covered. Methodology: a systematic revision was used as the methodology. The results: The average of the ratio of rest –low-intensity activities –high-intensity activities is 3:16:1, suggesting that the biggest part of the energetic demand is aerobic, however due to intermittent activities, it is important to have an harmonic development between aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms. The amount of AGL increases during a footballmatch, the depletion of glycogen throughout the game is excessively high, the supplies of phosphocreatine provide a considerable amount of the energy necessary for the short-lived high-intensity activity and the amino acids serve as an auxiliary energy source. The VO2max and the LAN are important factors for the body to tolerate the long duration of the game, the amounts of VO2max found were between 52,67ml.kg.min-¹ and 63,75ml.kg.min-¹, and the amounts of vLAN were between 12,66km/h and 14,8km/h. The fat excess is and extra weight, that compromises the physical performance, the values found for the fat percentage were between 7,3% and 12,6%. The distance covered transmits the general idea of the physiological load applied by the player; the values found were between 8638m and 11000m. The efficiency of the athletes can be better demonstrated by the distance covered at a high speed, the values found were between 437m and 690m. Conclusion: a greater knowledge about the motor and physiological specificities of the sport will ease and optimize the physical periodization, besides improving the specificity of the daily training.
Abstract P6-10-02: MLN8237 (alisertib), an investigational Aurora A Kinase inhibitor, in patients with breast cancer: Emerging phase 2 results (2012)

Abstract Background: Aurora A Kinase (AAK) is a key mitotic regulator amplified or overexpressed in a variety of tumor types including pre-invasive and invasive breast cancer. In mouse mammary epithelium, AAK overexpression induces genetic instability and tumor formation. In breast cancer patients (pts), AAK overexpression is often associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, AAK is an attractive target in cancer treatment. MLN8237 is an oral, selective AAK inhibitor under evaluation in pts with different advanced tumors. An ongoing multi-indication phase 2 (NCT01045421) trial evaluates MLN8237 in pts with solid tumors; here we present preliminary phase 2 data on the breast cancer cohort. Methods: Eligible pts were female ≥18 years of age with stage IV breast cancer, ECOG PS 0–1, measurable disease by RECIST, and ≤4 prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens. Stratification on receptor subtype was performed to ensure 8–10 pts with triple negative disease and 8–10 patients with HER2 positive disease. Oral MLN8237 50 mg was administered twice-daily for 7 days, followed by 14 days' rest in 21-day cycles. The primary objective was overall response rate; response was determined by RECIST v1.1. Secondary objectives included assessment of safety. A Simon's optimal 2-stage design was used; 20 pts were initially enrolled, and this cohort was expanded if ≥2 partial responses (PR) were observed in response-evaluable pts. Results: In the first 20 pts, 2 had PR and the cohort was expanded to a total of 53 (data cut-off: March 29, 2012). Median age was 60 years (range 33–81). Pts received a median of 3 cycles (range 1–14) and 20 pts (38%) received ≥6 treatment cycles. Of 45 response-evaluable pts, 6 pts (13%) had a best response of PR and 26 (58%) had stable disease (SD). Median duration of SD was 68 days, of which 2 pts (4%) had SD for ≥6 months (clinical benefit rate [PR+SD ≥6 months] = 18%). One HER2+ patient with 2 prior lines of therapy (carboplatin/docetaxel/trastuzumab + trastuzumab maintenance; gemcitabine/lapatinib/ trastuzumab) had PR 6 months. Fifty-three pts were evaluable for toxicity. Drug-related adverse events (AEs) were reported in 49 pts (92%) and were commonly grade 1–2 in severity. The most frequent drug-related AEs included alopecia (n = 26, 49%), neutropenia (n = 25, 47%), diarrhea (n = 23, 43%), fatigue (n = 21, 40%), and stomatitis (n = 19, 36%). A total of 34 pts (64%) reported grade ≥3 drug-related AEs, including neutropenia (n = 23, 43%) and leukopenia (n = 8, 15%). Two pts (4%) discontinued due to AEs; there were no on-study deaths. Treatment is ongoing in 21 pts. Conclusions: Emerging phase 2 data reported here provide preliminary evidence of antitumor activity of oral MLN8237 in pts with relapsed/refractory breast cancer. AEs were frequent but generally reversible and manageable by dose reduction and supportive care. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-10-02.
UVA Irradiation Enhances Brusatol‐Mediated Inhibition of Melanoma Growth by Downregulation of the Nrf2‐Mediated Antioxidant Response (2018)

Brusatol (BR) is a potent inhibitor of Nrf2, a transcription factor that is highly expressed in cancer tissues and confers chemoresistance. UVA-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage both normal and cancer cells and may be of potential use in phototherapy. In order to provide an alternative method to treat the aggressive melanoma, we sought to investigate whether low-dose UVA with BR is more effective in eliminating melanoma cells than the respective single treatments. We found that BR combined with UVA led to inhibition of A375 melanoma cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and triggers cell apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of Nrf2 expression attenuated colony formation and tumor development from A375 cells in heterotopic mouse models. In addition, cotreatment of UVA and BR partially suppressed Nrf2 and its downstream target genes such as HO-1 along with the PI3K/AKT pathway. We propose that cotreatment increased ROS-induced cell cycle arrest and cellular apoptosis and inhibits melanoma growth by regulating the AKT-Nrf2 pathway in A375 cells which offers a possible therapeutic intervention strategy for the treatment of human melanoma.
CYP1B1 expression in human lung. (2001)

Cytochrome P450 1B1 is a recently recognized phase I bioactivating enzyme with high affinity for both inhaled tobacco carcinogens and 17beta-estradiol. We evaluated the human lung expression of this multifunctional member of the P450 superfamily across 16 individuals. Expression of CYP1B1 was evaluated by qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western immunoblots performed on human tumor and nontumor lung tissue. Expression at both mRNA and protein levels was then correlated with smoking history, plasma biomarkers of tobacco exposure (nicotine and cotinine), gender, and tumor histology. CYP1B1 mRNA and protein were detected in 94 and 100% of individuals, respectively. Multivariate analysis confirmed that there were more subjects displaying CYP1B1 mRNA expression in tumor than nontumor tissue (p = 0.0003). Correlation of CYP1B1 protein with plasma cotinine levels was statistically marginal (p = 0.027). Self-reported smoking history, gender, and tumor histology did not correlate with gene expression in the multivariate model. After multivariate modeling for confounding factors, the expression patterns of 5 of 16 individuals appeared to differ from the group as a whole for mRNA and/or protein. We conclude that CYP1B1 is commonly expressed in human lung and hypothesize that it may be an important phase I enzyme with respect to human lung carcinogen metabolism, warranting an understanding of regulatory control and coding region polymorphisms.
An Ionic Liquid-Coordinated Palladium Complex:  A Highly Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Heck Reaction (2004)

[structure: see text] The monoquaternary product of 2,2'-biimidazole with iodobutane is an ionic liquid that acts as both the solvent and ligand for catalytic reactions. A new palladium complex was prepared by adding PdCl(2) to this ionic liquid to form a catalytic solution that is effective for Heck reactions with good recyclability.
Photothermally Reduced Graphene as High-Power Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2012)

Conventional graphitic anodes in lithium-ion batteries cannot provide high-power densities due to slow diffusivity of lithium ions in the bulk electrode material. Here we report photoflash and laser-reduced free-standing graphene paper as high-rate capable anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Photothermal reduction of graphene oxide yields an expanded structure with micrometer-scale pores, cracks, and intersheet voids. This open-pore structure enables access to the underlying sheets of graphene for lithium ions and facilitates efficient intercalation kinetics even at ultrafast charge/discharge rates of >100 C. Importantly, photothermally reduced graphene anodes are structurally robust and display outstanding stability and cycling ability. At charge/discharge rates of ~40 C, photoreduced graphene anodes delivered a steady capacity of ~156 mAh/g(anode) continuously over 1000 charge/discharge cycles, providing a stable power density of ~10 kW/kg(anode). Such electrodes are envisioned to be mass scalable with relatively simple and low-cost fabrication procedures, thereby providing a clear pathway toward commercialization.
A high-performance dipole surface drive for large travel and force (2005)

We report unparalleled travel, force, precision and repeatability with an electrostatically actuated dipole surface drive. We have successfully demonstrated motors that generate several hundred micronewtons while traveling 50 microns at 60 V. Without external feedback control, the motors can be positioned with nanometer resolution and repeatability. The manufacture of these motors uses a two-level polysilicon deposition, a wafer bond and two anisotropic deep silicon etches.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Ketones as Novel Replacements for the C‐Terminal Amide Bond of Succinyl Hydroxamate MMP Inhibitors. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction: epidemiology and pathophysiology (2006)

There is ample evidence from many epidemiological studies that lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual dysfunction are strongly linked, independently of age and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and coronary heart disease. However, a causal link between both conditions is not yet established. Four pathophysiological mechanisms currently support the relationship between LUTS and erectile dysfunction (ED): (i) The nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/NO theory; there is a reduction in NOS-containing nerves in the prostate and bladder/urethra in patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), and that lack of NO or loss of protein kinase G causes ED; (ii) The autonomic hyperactivity and metabolic syndrome hypothesis: benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may be part of the metabolic syndrome, which includes cardiovascular diseases (e.g. hypertension, ischaemic heart disease) and diabetes mellitus, known risk factors for ED. Hypertension, obesity, and hyperinsulinaemia have all been claimed to be associated with an increased sympathetic activity. Increased sympathetic activity is involved in LUTS/BPH and may have a role in ED/sexual dysfunction, with noradrenaline and alpha1-adrenoceptors representing a common link; (iii) the Rho-kinase activation/endothelin pathway; there can be increased Rho-kinase activity, and consequently calcium sensitivity of the contractile machinery, in prostate smooth muscle in BPH, the detrusor in BOO, corpora cavernosa in ED, and in the resistance vessels in hypertension. The actions of several factors beside noradrenaline (e.g. endothelin-1, angiotensin II), possibly involved in the increased smooth muscle activity found in both LUTS/BPH and sexual dysfunction, are dependent on Rho-kinase activity. Thus increased Rho-kinase activity might represent a common link between LUTS and sexual dysfunction; (iv) Pelvic atherosclerosis; animal models mimicking pelvic ischaemia and hypercholesterolaemia show similar smooth muscle alterations of the detrusor and corpora. Pelvic ischaemia may induce the biological modifications described above and may thus represent as well a common link between LUTS and sexual dysfunction. Studies treating one condition (e.g. ED) and measuring the impact on the other (e.g. LUTS) should further contribute to support this common link.
Index of References (1985)

This index presents a list of biblical references from Old and New Testament and Jewish literature that occur in the book Numerical Literary Techniques in John: The Fourth Evangelist's Use of Numbers of Words and Syllables. In analysing the structure of biblical texts and texts from classical literature, it has been often observed that the size of the parts of a literary unit plays a role in the structure of that unit. There are several testimonies from antiquity suggesting that the relationship between parts of a literary unit should be a relationship of proportion in size.Keywords: biblical texts; Jewish literature
Context-Aware Driver Behavior Detection System in Intelligent Transportation Systems (2013)

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged as an application of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), which use dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) to allow vehicles in close proximity to communicate with each other or to communicate with roadside equipment. Applying wireless access technology in vehicular environments has led to the improvement of road safety and a reduction in the number of fatalities caused by road accidents through development of road safety applications and facilitation of information sharing between moving vehicles regarding the road. This paper focuses on developing a novel and nonintrusive driver behavior detection system using a context-aware system in VANETs to detect abnormal behaviors exhibited by drivers and to warn other vehicles on the road to prevent accidents from happening. A five-layer context-aware architecture is proposed, which is able to collect contextual information about the driving environment, to perform reasoning about certain and uncertain contextual information, and to react upon that information. A probabilistic model based on dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) in real time, inferring four types of driving behavior (normal, drunk, reckless, and fatigue) by combining contextual information about the driver, the vehicle, and the environment, is presented. The dynamic behavior model can capture the static and the temporal aspects related to the behavior of the driver, thus leading to robust and accurate behavior detection. The evaluation of behavior detection using synthetic data proves the validity of our model and the importance of including contextual information about the driver, the vehicle, and the environment.
Biological Control of Salmonella typhimurium in Young Chickens (1990)

The effect of dietary lactose and anaerobic cultures of cecal microflora of mature chickens on the colonization of young broiler chickens by Salmonella typhimurium was evaluated. Newly hatched chicks were given either no treatment (controls), anaerobic cecal cultures, lactose (2.5%) in the drinking water, or both anaerobic cultures and lactose. Chicks were challenged per os at 3 days of age with either 10(6) or 10(8) S. typhimurium resistant to nalidixic acid and novobiocin. On day 10, the cecal contents of the chicks were examined for S. typhimurium, pH, short-chained volatile fatty acids (VFAs), undissociated VFAs, and lactic acid. Chicks given either lactose alone or cecal anaerobes alone had significantly (P less than 0.05) fewer S. typhimurium recovered from their ceca than the controls. Chicks given the combination of dietary lactose and cecal anaerobes had significantly fewer S. typhimurium recovered from their ceca than the chicks given dietary lactose or cecal anaerobes alone. Chicks given lactose had significant (P less than 0.05) increases in the lactic acid concentration of their cecal contents. Increased lactic acid concentrations were directly correlated to decreased cecal pH values and caused a reduction in the total concentration of VFAs but a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in the undissociated form of some VFAs.
Un monogràfic per reflexionar i actuar sobre l’esport a les societats contemporànies (2004)

Amb aquest monografic especial de la revista Apunts. Educacio Fisica i Esports es tanquen les actuacions de l’INEF de Catalunya en relacio amb el Forum Universal de les Cultures Barcelona 2004. La nostra institucio va voler associar-se, des del comencament, a un esdeveniment que tenia com a eixos de reflexio la diversitat cultural, la sostenibilitat i la pau, temes que, sens dubte, estan molt vinculats al desenvolupament de l’esport a les societats contemporanies. I, com a institucio, ho va fer col·laborant activament en la mostra permanent de jocs populars que es va portar a terme a la Placa, assumint la Secretaria Tecnica del dialeg L’Esport: Dialeg Universal, participant en l’espectacle de l’acte de clausura i, ara, amb la publicacio d’aquest monografic que recull algunes de les moltes contribucions que es van fer al dialeg esmentat.
Near‐Infrared Electrophosphorescence up to 1.1 µm using a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecule as Triplet Sensitizer (2016)

A tenfold improvement in the external electroluminescence quantum efficiency of NIR electrophosphorescence is demonstrated compared to devices with conventional fluorescent materials as host, by applying the concept of thermally activated delayed fluorescence to achieve an emitter layer capable of efficient spin conversion. This device architecture can maximize the performance of an organic-semiconductor-based NIR light source.
Analysis of the Radiation Mechanisms in and Design of Tightly-Coupled Antenna Arrays (2010)

The objective of this research is to design well-tuned, wideband elements for thin planar or cylindrically conformal arrays of balanced elements fed over ground. These arrays have closely spaced elements to achieve wide bandwidths through mutual coupling. This dissertation develops two wideband designs in infinite, semi-infinite, and finite array configurations. The infinite array is best for element tuning. This research advances a concept of a distributed, parallel capacitance between elements and across feeds that must be mutually altered for tuning. Semi-infinite techniques limit the problem space and determine the proper resistive loads to control the low-frequency array-guided surface wave (AGSW). The tight physical placement also forms a periodic structure that, along with the array boundary, launches a wave across the array surface. Options to suppress this surface wave are resistive loading and cylindrical conformations. AGSW control is necessary to achieve a maximum bandwidth, but lower radiation or aperture efficiency results. Conformation is shown to be an ineffective method for AGSW control alone. The Wrapped Bowtie design emerges as a novel design offering nearly a 10:1 bandwidth as a finite array over ground. Some bandwidth comes from the losses in radiation efficiency, which is necessary to control the AGSW; however, its simulated VSWR < 3 bandwidth in an infinite array is 7.24:1 with full efficiency. Less than perfect efficiency is required to mitigate surface wave effects, unless bandwidth is to be compromised. That loss may be as radiation or aperture efficiency, but it is unavoidable if the infinite array bandwidth is to be maintained in finite array designs. Lastly, this research articulates a development path for tightly-coupled arrays that extends in stages from infinite to semi-infinite, and thence finite layouts. Distinctions are explained and defended for the design focus at each stage. Element design, tuning, and initial feed design occur at the infinite array stage; AGSW suppression occurs at the semi-infinite stage; and design confirmation occurs only with the finite array.
Gas utilization in remote plasma cleaning and stripping applications (2000)

Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is a likely candidate to replace perfluorocompounds (PFCs) in stripping and reactor cleaning applications. In this article, the performance of NF3 for the etching of silicon, silicon dioxide (SiO2), and silicon nitride (Si3N4) is compared with that of CF4, C2F6, and C3F8. The performance measures emphasized in this article are the dissociation efficiency of the parent molecule in the discharge, the etch rate, and the gas utilization. The destruction efficiency of NF3 in the discharge as determined by mass spectrometry is typically 100%. The maximum destruction of the PFC gases for the parameters used in this investigation is approximately 75% for CF4, and can approach 100% for C2F6 and C3F8. The removal rates for NF3 obtained at optimum settings of O2 addition and microwave power are significantly higher than those for PFC gases. The gas utilization, which describes the degree of conversion of the parent molecules into etch products and is defined in this article, is also higher for NF3 than for the other gases investigated.