gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generalized multiprocessor scheduling for directed acyclic graphs (1994)

In the 3rd Annual ACM Symposium on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures, pp. 216-228 (JuIy 1991), we presented several new results in the theory of homogeneous multiprocessor scheduling. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) of tasks was to be scheduled. Tasks were assumed to be parallelizable-as more processors are applied to a task, the time taken to compute it decreases, yielding some speedup. Because of communication, synchronization and task scheduling overheads, this speedup increases less than linearly with the number of processors applied. The optimal scheduling problem is to determine the number of processors assigned to each task, and to the task sequencing, to minimise the finishing time. Using optimal control theory, in the special case where the speedup function of each task is p/sup /spl alpha// (where p is the amount of processing power applied to the task), a closed form solution for task graphs formed from parallel and series connections was derived. This paper considerably extends these techniques for arbitrary DAGs and applies them to matrix arithmetic compilation. The optimality conditions impose nonlinear constraints on the flow of processing power from predecessors to successors, and on the finishing times of siblings. This paper presents a fast algorithm for determining and solving these nonlinear equations. The algorithm utilizes the structure of the finishing time equations to efficiently run a conjugate gradient minimization leading to the optimal solution. The algorithm has been tested on a variety of DAGs. The results presented show that it is superior to alternative heuristic approaches. >
Holistic programming environments (2000)

As a result of the popularity of graphical user interfaces, it is now almost impossible to buy a programming language compiler – instead, one purchases a development environment. Of course, we can scoff at the distinction and say that a development environment is nothing more than a programming language with visual (as opposed to syntactic) sugar. We believe, however, that this view must change if safer and more responsible programming languages are to be created for the next generation of programmer. Within this paper, we will argue that a more theoretical approach should be taken to the development of programming environments and suggest ways in which this may be achieved.
Studies on the Consitiuents of the Higher Fungi of Korea(XVIII) - Components of Russula pseudodelica and Microporus affinis - (1980)

To investigate constituents of Russula pseudodelica Lange and Microporus affinis(Blume et Nees) Kuntze, quantitative analyses of free and total amino acids were carried out with G. L.C. and an amino acid autoanalyzer. Polysaccharides of the two mushrooms were extracted with hot water and the filtrate was concentrated. The addition of three volumes of ethanol to the concentrate formed precipitation of crude polysaccharides which were analyzed by G.L.C. and H.P.L.C. Sixteen amino acids and four monosaccharides were identified in the protein-bound poly­saccharides of the two mushrooms. The polysaccharides of M. affinis showed antineoplastic activity against sarcoma 180 implanted in mice.
Crosslinkable polypropylene composites made by the introduction of silane moieties (2005)

Abstract Silane‐crosslinkable polypropylene (PP) composites containing calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) as a filler have been investigated. The melt grafting of vinyl trimethoxysilane to PP with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a radical initiator is demonstrated. The thermal and mechanical properties of the crosslinkable products are also discussed. The results show that two reactions, that is, silane grafting and PP degradation, take place in parallel. The extents of silane grafting and PP degradation strongly depend on the reaction temperature, grafting formulation, and amount of the filler in the systems. Increasing the DCP concentration (up to 0.05 wt %) leads to an increase in the grafting degree. However, when the concentration of radicals is over a certain degree, the dominant reaction is PP chain scission. This results in a drastic decrease in the polymer viscosity. In systems containing both silane and CaCO 3 , the viscosity of the polymer is higher than that of a grafted sample without CaCO 3 addition; in other words, the effect of the filler on the polymer viscosity compensates for the effect caused by PP degradation. Differential scanning calorimetry results show that the crystallization starts earlier for grafted samples. The percentage of the crystallinity of grafted PP is higher than that of the pure polymer. The incorporated silane does not have a strong effect on the mobility of the PP chains, as revealed by dynamic mechanical analysis. In comparison with ungrafted composites, the silane‐crosslinkable products show higher tensile stress and modulus. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1476–1483, 2005
A fast FLAIR dual‐echo technique for hippocampal T2 relaxometry: First experiences in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (2001)

To evaluate the use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal nulling in MR T2 measurements of the hippocampus in normal control subjects and patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), dual-echo acquisitions covering the whole brain were used. T2 relaxation times were estimated in 12 standard Eurospin II MR test objects and in the hippocampi of 10 control subjects, using T2 maps constructed from conventional spin-echo (CSE), fast spin-echo (FSE), and fast FLAIR (FF) dual-echo sequences on a 1.5-T MR scanner. Hippocampal T2 values (HCT2) were measured on contiguous coronal 5-mm slices throughout the antero-posterior extent of each hippocampus in the 10 controls and 12 TLE patients, using both CSE and FF. Scan-rescan reproducibility in Eurospin II standard MR test objects was high for all sequences. There was a good correlation between T2 values from CSE, FF, and FSE sequences in test objects and in control hippocampi. In controls, the coefficient of variation of mean HCT2 values differed between slice positions, but was lowest for FF, followed by CSE data. The intrarater coefficient of reliability between repeated measurements in control subjects was lowest for FF HCT2, at 2.3%. The interrater coefficient of reliability for CSE HCT2 measurements in controls (4.8%) was slightly lower than the interrater coefficient for FF HCT2 (5.4%). HCT2 measurement with both CSE and FF identified abnormal values in the same 10 hippocampi of 12 patients. Hippocampal dual-echo T2 relaxometry using CSF nulling is reliable in control subjects, and identifies the abnormal hippocampi in patients with TLE. The increases in hippocampal T2 signal demonstrated using FF HCT2 measurements are unlikely to be partial volume effects from CSF.
Per-Operation Reusability Based Allocation and Migration Policy for Hybrid Cache (2019)

Recently, a hybrid cache consisting of SRAM and STT-RAM has attracted much attention as a future memory by complementing each other with different memory characteristics. Prior works focused on developing data allocation and migration techniques considering write-intensity to reduce write energy at STT-RAM. However, these works often neglect the impact of operation-specific reusability of a cache line. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient per-operation reusability-based allocation and migration policy (ORAM) with a unified LRU replacement policy. First, to select an adequate memory type for allocation, we propose a cost function based on per-operation reusability - gain from an allocated cache line and loss from an evicted cache line for different memory types - which exploits the temporal locality. Besides, we present a migration policy, victim and target cache line selection scheme, to resolve memory type inconsistency between replacement policy and the allocation policy, with further energy reduction. Experiment results show an average energy reduction in the LLC and the main memory by 12.3 and 21.2 percent, and the improvement of latency and execution time by 21.2 and 8.8 percent, respectively, compared with a baseline hybrid cache management. In addition, the Energy-Delay Product (EDP) is improved by 36.9 percent over the baseline.
Maskless Hydrophilic Patterning of the Superhydrophobic Aluminum Surface by an Atmospheric Pressure Microplasma Jet for Water Adhesion Controlling (2018)

Superhydrophobic surfaces with hydrophilic patterns have great application potential in various fields, such as microfluidic systems and water harvesting. However, many reported preparation methods involve complicated devices and/or masks, making fabrication of these patterned surfaces time-consuming and inefficient. Here, we propose a highly efficient, simple, and maskless microplasma jet (MPJ) treatment method to prepare hydrophilic patterns such as dots, lines, and curves on superhydrophobic aluminum substrates. Contact angles, sliding angles, adhesive forces, and droplet impact behavior of the created patterns are investigated and analyzed. The prepared "dot" patterns exhibit great water adhesion, whereas the "line" patterns show anisotropic adhesion. Additionally, the MPJ treatment does not obviously change the surface structures, which makes it possible to achieve repeatable patterning on one substrate. The adhesion behavior of these patterns could be adjusted using MPJs with different diameters. MPJs with larger diameters are efficient for the creation of patterns with high water adhesion, which can be potentially used for open-channel lab-on-chip systems (e.g., continuous water transportation), whereas MPJs with smaller diameters are preferable in preparing patterns with low water adhesion for diverse applications in biomedical fields (e.g., lossless liquid droplet mixing and cell screening).
Tuning photonic nanocavities by atomic force microscope nano-oxidation (2006)

The authors demonstrate a technique to achieve high-precision tuning of photonic crystal nanocavities by atomic force microscope nano-oxidation of the cavity surface. Relative tuning between two nanocavity modes is achieved though careful choice of the oxide pattern, allowing them to restore the spectral degeneracy conditions necessary to create polarization-entangled quantum states. Tuning steps less than the linewidth (1Å) of the high quality factor modes are obtained, allowing for virtually continuous tuning ability.
Mass Concentration of Plasma Phospholipid Transfer Protein in Normolipidemic, Type IIa Hyperlipidemic, Type IIb Hyperlipidemic, and Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Subjects as Measured by a Specific ELISA (1999)

Mean plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) concentrations were measured for the first time by using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PLTP mass levels and phospholipid transfer activity values, which were significantly correlated among normolipidemic plasma samples (r=0.787, P<0.0001), did not differ between normolipidemic subjects (3.95+/-1.04 mg/L and 575+/-81 nmol. mL-1. h-1, respectively; n=30), type IIa hyperlipidemic patients (4. 06+/-0.84 mg/L and 571+/-43 nmol. mL-1. h-1, respectively; n=36), and type IIb hyperlipidemic patients (3.90+/-0.79 mg/L and 575+/-48 nmol. mL-1. h-1, respectively; n=33). No significant correlations with plasma lipid parameters were observed among the various study groups. In contrast, plasma concentrations of the related cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) were higher in type IIa and type IIb patients than in normolipidemic controls, and significant, positive correlations with total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were noted. Interestingly, plasma PLTP mass concentration and plasma phospholipid transfer activity were significantly higher in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n=50) than in normolipidemic controls (6.76+/-1. 93 versus 3.95+/-1.04 mg/L, P<0.0001; and 685+/-75 versus 575+/-81 nmol. mL-1. h-1, P<0.0001, respectively). In contrast, CETP levels did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Among non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients, PLTP levels were positively correlated with fasting glycemia and glycohemoglobin levels (r=0.341, P=0.0220; and r=0.382, P=0.0097, respectively) but not with plasma lipid parameters. It is proposed that plasma PLTP mass levels are related to glucose metabolism rather than to lipid metabolism.
Wireless Power Delivery to Flexible Subcutaneous Implants Using Capacitive Coupling (2016)

Implantable devices need sustainable wireless powering for safe long-term operations. In this paper, we present a near-field capacitive coupling (NCC)-based wireless powering scheme to transfer power to implants efficiently. By modeling the power link, we identify that the optimal operating frequency of the NCC scheme for subcutaneous power delivery is in the subGHz frequency range. The proposed scheme has desirable features, such as flexible and conformal power receiver realizations, and complies well with IEEE C95.1 specific absorption rate safety standards. The NCC link was designed and tested in a nonhuman primate cadaver, and the experimental results showed that it could safely deliver up to 100 mW of power to an implant with a peak operating efficiency of over 50%. A bending deformation study of the transmitter-receiver patches was also performed to demonstrate the reliability of the NCC powering scheme, in realistic postimplantation scenarios. Our studies validate the NCC method as a safe wireless powering scheme, which can be used as an alternative to the near-field resonant inductive coupling method, for chronic use in subcutaneous implants.
Growth of GaN(0001) thin films on Si(001) by pulsed reactive crossed-beam laser ablation using liquid Ga and N2 (1998)

Wurtzitic GaN films were grown by reactive crossed-beam pulsed laser deposition at 248 nm (KrF) using a liquid Ga target and a synchronous N2 pulse on atomically flat, initially two domain 2×1 reconstructed Si(001) substrates. The films were (0001) single phase for substrate temperatures between 200 and 700 °C, and also grew in a twinned epitaxial manner with the crystallites oriented parallel to the [110] and [1̄10] in-plane directions of the Si(001) substrate between 550 and 700 °C. Above 700 °C, no GaN could be detected and only Ga liquid films were produced. The films were subsequently investigated ex situ by x-ray diffraction, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and photoluminescence.
The evidence for symptomatic treatments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2014)

Multidisciplinary specialist care appears to improve quality of life and survival. Riluzole remains the only available disease-modifying medication and confers a survival advantage of 2-3 months. Noninvasive ventilation improves quality of life and extends survival by approximately 7 months, at least in patients without severe bulbar problems. Nutrition is an independent prognostic factor; whether gastrostomy improves survival and quality of life remains unclear and further studies are underway. Many other symptomatic treatments appear helpful to individuals in clinic, but further randomized clinical trials are required to provide a more robust evidence base.
Optimized Viewport Dependent Streaming of Stereoscopic Omnidirectional Video (2018)

Streaming the whole omnidirectional video at high quality is less efficient in terms of bandwidth requirements and decoding complexity, since only a small part of the 360-degree horizontal field of view can be seen by a user at a given point in time. In Viewport Dependent Streaming (VDS) only the current user viewport is streamed at high quality, while the remaining parts are streamed at lower quality. This technology may save streaming bandwidth considerably, especially when it is associated to other techniques. Among the others, asymmetric stereoscopic video, has been studied in the past for traditional video and displays. We focused our research on the usage of asymmetric stereoscopic video for omnidirectional streams watched with a Head Mounted Display (HMD) in VDS. We conducted two subjective quality experiments with the main goal of reducing the streaming bandwidth, while keeping the subjective video quality at the highest level. We assessed asymmetric video applied separately to the foreground and background views of omnidirectional VDS sessions. We show that for VDS, applying asymmetric stereoscopic streaming delivery on the foreground view can save up to 41% bit rate, and using the same technique on the background view can save approximately up to 15% bit rate. Furthermore, eye dominance was seen not to be relevant in our experiments.
Guanidine/Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed Room Temperature Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction in Aqueous Media under Aerobic Conditions (2007)

A highly efficient Pd(OAc)2/guanidine aqueous system for the room temperature Suzuki cross-coupling reaction has been developed. The new water-soluble and air-stable catalyst Pd(OAc)2.(1f)2 from Pd(OAc)2 and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-n-butylguanidine (1f) was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the presence of Pd(OAc)2.(1f)2, coupling of arylboronic acids with a wide range of aryl halides, including aryl iodides, aryl bromides, even activated aryl chlorides, was carried out smoothly in aqueous solvent to afford the cross-coupling products in good to excellent yields and high turnover numbers (TONs) (TONs up to 850,000 for the reaction of 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene and phenylboronic acid). Furthermore, this mild protocol could tolerate a broad range of functional groups.
Patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome caused by Escherichia coli O157: absence of antibodies to Vero cytotoxin 1 (VT1) or VT2. (1993)

Serum samples from 30 patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), caused by Escherichia coli O157, and 30 apparently healthy volunteers, were used to examine the immune response of patients to Vero cytotoxins (VT) 1 and VT2. Patients' sera could not be differentiated from control sera using ELISA; and using immunoblotting, none of the sera had antibodies reactive with either the A or B subunits of VT1 or VT2. Examination of sera for antibodies to VT1 and VT2 seems to be of little value in the serodiagnosis of HUS caused by Vero cytotoxin-producing E coli O157.
Hemodynamic Response of the Three Macular Capillary Plexuses in Dark Adaptation and Flicker Stimulation Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (2019)

We show evidence suggesting constriction of deeper vessels and dilation of large SCP vessels during the transition from dark to light. This contrasts to redistribution of blood flow to deeper layers during dark adaptation and flicker stimulation.
An efficient methodology for hierarchical synthesis of mixed-signal systems with fully integrated building block topology selection (2007)

A hierarchical synthesis methodology for analog and mixed-signal systems is presented that fully in a novel way integrates topology selection at all levels. A hierarchical system optimizer takes multiple topologies for all the building blocks at each hierarchical abstraction level, and generates optimal topology combinations using multi-objective evolutionary optimization techniques. With the presented methodology, system-level performance trade-offs can be generated where each design point contains valuable information on how the systems performances are influenced by different combinations of lower-level building block topologies. The generated system designs can contain all kinds of topology combinations as long as critical inter-block constraints are met. Different topologies can be assigned to building blocks with the same functional behavior, leading to more optimal hybrid designs than typically obtained in manual designs. In the experimental results, three different integrator topologies are used to generate an optimal system-level exploration trade-off for a complex high-speed DeltaSigma A/D modulator
Effect of Structural Properties on Electrical Properties of Lanthanum Oxide Thin Film as a Gate Dielectric (2003)

The electrical properties of lanthanum oxide was grown by using metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) were investigated from the change of structural properties which occurred during the post-annealing process. The as-grown film had a dielectric constant of 18.8, and capacitance equivalent oxide thickness of 1.7 nm. The leakage current density of the film was measured as 2.4×10-4 A/cm2 at -1 MV/cm. When the film was annealed at 900°C, the dielectric constant decreased with the increase of the interfacial layer.
High birefringence and large negative dielectric anisotropy phenyl‐tolane liquid crystals (2007)

Two phenyl-tolane compounds with two pairs of (2,3) lateral difluoro substitutions were synthesized and their properties evaluated. These compounds exhibit a high birefringence (Δn∼ 0.35) and a large negative dielectric anisotropy (Δε∼ -8). These two important features make the phenyl-tolane compounds useful as a dopant in a negative Δε liquid-crystal mixture to enhance the performance of the host mixture, or as a negative component in a dual-frequency liquid-crystal mixture to improve the dielectric anisotropy and birefringence and lower the crossover frequency. © 2007 Taylor & Francis.
Nanoprecipitation of Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer onto the Surface of Plasmonic Nanoparticle for Fluorescence/Dark-Field Dual-Modality Single Particle Imaging (2016)

In this work, a hybridized nanoparticle with fluorescence/dark-field dual-modality imaging capability was prepared by nanoprecipitation of fluorescent conjugated polymer onto the surface of silica-coated rod-shape plasmonic nanoparticle. According to the spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations, the fluorescence intensity of conjugated polymer poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(1,4-benzo(2,1',3)-thiadiazole)] (PFBT) could be enhanced around 2-fold after assembling onto the silica-decorated metal nanorod surface compared with the fluorescence intensity of regular PFBT polymer dots without the metal core. The in situ nanorod etching experiment further confirmed this result at the single particle level. In addition to the fluorescence enhancement effect, improved fluorescence stability was obtained from the single particle fluorescence intensity characterizations. As a consequence, this self-assembled functional nanoparticle could be extensively applied to biological imaging such as cellular labeling and single particle tracking owing to the novel and unique optical features, for example, the superior optical stability and specific identification capability from the scattering and fluorescence domain, respectively. Furthermore, the amendable peripheral polymer surface of this nanostructure will promote its applications in biological sensing and imaging-guided functional molecule delivery in the future.
Neurological Sequelae of Brachial Plexus Nerve Block (1959)

From the Department of Surgery, Division of Anesthesia, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Short echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of macromolecule and metabolite signal intensities in the human brain (1996)

A novel approach is presented for imaging macromolecule and metabolite signals in brain by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. The method differentiates between metabolites and macromolecules by T1 weighting using an inversion pulse followed by a variable inversion recovery time before localization and spectroscopic imaging. In healthy subjects, the major macromolecule resonances at 2.05 and 0.9 ppm were mapped at a nominal spatial resolution of 1 x 1 x 1.5 cm3 and were demonstrated to be highly reproducible between subjects. In subacute stroke patients, a highly elevated macromolecule resonance at 1.3 ppm was mapped to infarcted brain regions, suggesting potential applications for studying pathological conditions.