gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diazaindenes (azaindoles). Part II. Thermal indolisation of 3- and 4-pyridylhydrazones (1970)

Thermal indolisation of 4-pyridylhydrazones has yielded a series of 1,5-diazaindenes (pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridines), and 3-pyridylhydrazones similarly gave mixtures of a 1,4-diazaindene (pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine)(major isomer) and a 1,6-diazaindene (pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine). Correlations of structure with t.l.c. behaviour and with u.v. and i.r. spectra are discussed.
Failure of naloxone to prevent the emetic activity of apomorphine in dogs (1981)

Apomorphine is derived from morphine by acid hydrolysis (DiChiara & Gessa, 1978), and for many years has been used in both human and veterinary medicine as an effective agent for induction of emesis, primarily in cases of poisoning. Since apomorphine is derived from morphine, it was initially thought that it was an opiate receptor agonist similar to morphine. As a result, several medical and veterinary medical pharmacology textbooks recommend reversal of the emetic activity of apomorphine hydrochloride by administration of naloxone hydrochloride, a narcotic antagonist (Klaassen, 1980; Meyers, Jawetz & Goldfien, 1980).
Oxidative C—C Bond Formation in Heterocyclic Chemistry (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High-Resolution TEM Observations of Superdislocations in Ni<SUB>3</SUB>(Al, Ti) (1992)

End-on images of dislocations in Ni3(Al, Ti) single crystals deformed at 683 and 293 K were observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. They showed a superlattice intrinsic stacking fault (SISF) type of dissociation on a {111} plane and an antiphase boundary (APB) type of dissociation on a {001} plane. SISF and APB energies were calculated to be 133 and 560 mJ/m2, respectively, using an isotropic elasticity theory, and they were compared with the other results obtained by field ion microscopy, weak-beam technique and high-resolution electron microscopy. It is considered that a decrease of dissociation distance due to the Ti addition results in an increase of strength anomaly.
Inhibition of STAT3 activity with AG490 decreases the invasion of human pancreatic cancer cells <i>in vitro</i> (2006)

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a central cytoplasmic transcription factor. Abnormal activation of STAT3 plays a critical role in oncogenesis and has been found frequently in a wide variety of human tumors including pancreatic cancer. In this study, we elucidated the significance of the STAT3 signaling pathway on metastatic potentials of pancreatic cancer. We found that phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) protein levels were significantly higher in highly metastatic SW1990 cells compared to the poorly metastatic CaPan-2 cells, which expressed weak levels of this protein. Furthermore, a Janus kinase (JAK) specific inhibitor, AG490, significantly inhibited the expression of p-STAT3, and subsequently reduced invasion and adhesion potential of SW1990 cells compared to the cells treated with vehicle only. Finally, inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway by AG490 also led to a decrease in matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression at the protein and mRNA levels. These results demonstrate that activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway plays an important role in the progression of pancreatic cancer and that inhibition of this pathway may be useful for an anti-invasive therapeutic option in pancreatic cancer.
Identification of distinct populations of PI-3 kinase activity following T-cell activation. (1992)

Activation of mature CD4+ T lymphocytes by antigen-presenting cells involves engagement of the CD3/T-cell antigen receptor complex along with the CD4 surface glycoprotein and the phosphorylation of cellular proteins on tyrosine residues leading to stimulation of a variety of cellular second-messenger systems. Several recent studies have implicated non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase of the src family, especially p56lck and p59fyn, in mediating at least a portion of these tyrosine phosphorylation events. In the present study we have examined the involvement of one type of second-messenger system, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase), in signal transduction during antibody-induced activation of normal resting human CD4+ T cells. We demonstrate that PI-3 kinase activity is increased following co-approximation of CD4 with the T-cell receptor and that PI-3 kinase activity co-precipitates with the CD4-p56lck complex. We also show that following T-cell activation a complex containing PI-3 kinase activity can be demonstrated in CD3 epsilon immunoprecipitates which is distinct from that which interacts with p56lck.
Resonance-free optical response of a vertical cavity transistor laser (2017)

Optical resonance in a semiconductor laser is a major limitation in high speed data communications, resulting in bit error rate degradation and requiring additional power consuming error-correction circuits to counter these effects. In this work, we report the microwave bandwidth measurement of a vertical cavity transistor laser with an oxide-confined aperture of 4.7 × 5.4 μm2 and demonstrate a 3 dB bandwidth of 11 GHz resonance-free optical response via base-current or collector-voltage modulation. The emission spectra exhibit single-mode operation around 970 nm with a narrow linewidth of Δλ ∼ 0.23 Å (cavity Q of 42 216). The resonance-free optical response is explained by the absence of carrier “accumulating” due to the fast base electron-hole recombination lifetimes and a gradient in the minority carrier charge in the transistor active mode.
Is Agriculture a "Way of Life" or a Business? (2002)

Agribusiness, Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Control of Droplet Formation in Inkjet Printing Using Ohnesorge Number Category: Materials and Processes (2008)

The dimensionless Ohnesorge number (Oh) describes the relative importance of viscous to surface tension effects, which is commonly used to characterize jet breakup. In this study, the experimental results have proven that single droplets can be jetted for 0.02 < Oh < 1.5, for viscosity > 50 mPas, using different mixture compositions of glycerol in water (0 - 80 wt%) as the ink. This is contrary to previous published literature [1, 2]. However, the findings are in good agreement with Reis and Derby [2] that the velocity of the ejected droplet exhibits a maximum (i.e. inverted 'U' curve) and is a function of pulse width. This velocity curve is apparently governed by the Ohnesorge numbers. From a practical standpoint, with the large variety of inkjet printing inks having different properties, these results can be useful for waveform tailoring to achieve optimal performance for droplet formation control.
Activation of PAR-1 Kinase and Stimulation of Tau Phosphorylation by Diverse Signals Require the Tumor Suppressor Protein LKB1 (2007)

Aberrant phosphorylation of tau is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The molecular mechanisms by which tau phosphorylation is regulated under normal and disease conditions are not well understood. Microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) and PAR-1 have been identified as physiological tau kinases, and aberrant phosphorylation of MARK/PAR-1 target sites in tau has been observed in AD patients and animal models. Here we show that phosphorylation of PAR-1 by the tumor suppressor protein LKB1 is required for PAR-1 activation, which in turn promotes tau phosphorylation in Drosophila . Diverse stress stimuli, such as high osmolarity and overexpression of the human β-amyloid precursor protein, can promote PAR-1 activation and tau phosphorylation in an LKB1-dependent manner. These results reveal a new function for the tumor suppressor protein LKB1 in a signaling cascade through which the phosphorylation and function of tau is regulated by diverse signals under physiological and pathological conditions.
Freeze-dried platelets promote clot formation, attenuate endothelial cell permeability, and decrease pulmonary vascular leak in a murine model of hemorrhagic shock (2020)

FDPlts contribute to clot formation similar to fresh human Plts. FDPlts also attenuated vascular permeability in vitro and in vivo. Mouse WB resuscitation but not fresh human Plts attenuated vascular permeability after HS. These data suggest that the effect of FDPlts may be a suitable alternative to fresh Plts in modulating hemostasis and the endotheliopathy associated with injury.
Presence of FOXP3(+)Treg cells is correlated with colorectal cancer progression. (2014)

The transcription factor FOXP3 is specifically expressed in regulatory T (Treg) cells and appears to mediate immune surveillance. Indeed, FOXP3(+)Treg cells have been linked to disease pathogenesis, including some cancers. This study investigated the presence of FOXP3(+)Treg cells in colorectal cancer and the relationship of FOXP3 expression with clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression of FOXP3 in 63 samples of colorectal cancer and 20 samples of healthy colorectal tissue; flow cytometry was used to detect FOXP3(+)Treg cells in peripheral blood. FOXP3 was more commonly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues than in normal colorectal tissues (P < 0.05). Similarly, the percentage of FOXP3(+)Treg cells in the peripheral blood was higher in patients with colorectal cancer than in control individuals (P < 0.05). The expression of FOXP3 was positively correlated with gender, Dukes staging, and lymph node metastasis. Further, expression increased with the increasing degree of malignancy (P < 0.05). Thus, FOXP3 expression may represent a valuable index in evaluating the degree of malignancy, clinicopathologic staging, and lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer. Further, detection of FOXP3(+)Treg cells may be useful in predicting invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.
Modulated microtubule dynamics enable Hklp2/Kif15 to assemble bipolar spindles (2011)

Activity of the sliding motor Eg5 and coordinated microtubule dynamics are both essential for mitotic spindle pole separation. It is still a matter of controversy if changes in microtubule dynamics can compensate inhibition of Eg5 activity and re-enable bipolarization. Using a consistent live cell-imaging approach, we show that perturbation of microtubule dynamics can compensate inhibition of Eg5 through a spindle formation process reminiscent of meiosis: In Eg5-inhibited mammalian somatic cells, alteration of microtubule dynamics through depletion of TOGp or low doses of nocodazole induces the formation of multiple acentrosomal spindle poles which pass through an intermediate multipolar state followed by bipolarization. Pole separation depends on Hklp2/Kif15, an otherwise dispensable plus end-directed spindle motor and results in spindles with two centrosomal poles. Once bipolar, spindles do not rely on altered microtubule dynamics to maintain their bipolarity anymore and are functional in chromosome segregation. We conclude that altered microtubule dynamics enable Hklp2/Kif15 to replace Eg5 in pole separation through a mechanism involving the formation of acentrosomal poles. Our observations suggest that combination chemotherapy regimens involving microtubule-targeting drugs and Eg5 inhibitors might be less effective than expected.
Correlation between Growth Conditions, Microstructure, and Optical Properties in Pulsed-Laser-Deposited V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Thin Films (2005)

V2O5 thin films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) over a wide substrate temperature range, 30−500 °C, and were characterized by studying their microstructure and optical properties. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV−vis−NIR spectral measurements were made on the PLD V2O5 films to understand the effect of substrate temperature on the chemical composition, elemental distribution, surface morphology, and optical properties. The substrate temperature strongly influences the structure and optical properties of PLD V2O5 films and a correlation exists between the growth conditions, grain structure, and optical characteristics. The grain size increased, associated with a change in surface morphology, with increasing substrate temperature. The optical energy band gap of PLD V2O5 films is strongly dependent on the substrate temperature and decreased from 2.47 to 2.12 eV with the increase in temperature from 30 to 500 °C.
Construction of chromosomally encoded secreted hemolysin fusion proteins by use of mini-TnhlyAs transposon (1998)

We used the minitransposon TnhlyAs [Gentschev, I., Maier, G., Kranig, A. and Goebel, W. (1996) Mol. Gen. Genet. 252, 266–274] for random insertion of the secretion signal (HlyAs) of Escherichia coli hemolysin (HlyA) into chromosomal genes. Four mini-TnhlyAs derivatives bearing the gltA (citrate synthase), deoC (2 deoxyribose-5 phosphate aldolase), tig (trigger factor) genes and an unknown ORF fused to hlyAs were identified and characterized. Our data suggest that TnhlyAs-generated hemolysin fusion proteins are secreted efficiently by the HlyB/HlyD/TolC hemolysin secretion machinery and that this can be useful for studies of gene expression or function.
Building and Optimizing MRAM-Based Commodity Memories (2014)

Emerging non-volatile memory technologies such as MRAM are promising design solutions for energy-efficient memory architecture, especially for mobile systems. However, building commodity MRAM by reusing DRAM designs is not straightforward. The existing memory interfaces are incompatible with MRAM small page size, and they fail to leverage MRAM unique properties, causing unnecessary performance and energy overhead. In this article, we propose four techniques to enable and optimize an LPDDRx-compatible MRAM solution: ComboAS to solve the pin incompatibility; DynLat to avoid unnecessary access latencies; and EarlyPA and BufW to further improve performance by exploiting the MRAM unique features of non-destructive read and independent write path. Combining all these techniques together, we boost the MRAM performance by 17% and provide a DRAM-compatible MRAM solution consuming 21% less energy.
Effects of Na<sub>2</sub>EDTA and Alpha-chymotrypsin on Aqueous Humor Outflow Conductance in Monkey Eyes (1980)

In glaucoma there is partial clogging of the outflow routes for aqueous humor between the anterior chamber and the canal of Schlemm. In monkeys chelating agents perfused from the anterior chamber markedly reduce the outflow resistance, but the effect is short-lasting. In the present study an attempt was made to prolong the effect of Na2EDTA with alpha-chymotrypsin and the effect of this agent alone was also tested. After 30 min of perfusion with 50 U/ml alpha-chymotrypsin there was a marked rise in outflow conductance, which was well maintained during subsequent perfusion without the enzyme. Two hrs after enzyme perfusion the rise in outflow conductance was 1.25±0.20μl·min−1·cm H2O−1 from a starting level of 0.33±0.08μl·min−1·cm H2O−1. In eyes perfused with alpha-chymotrypsin and 0.5 mmol/l Na2EDTA in ++Na- and ++Mg- free perfusate for 30 min the rise in outflow conductance observed 2 hrs later was 1.72±0.20μl·min−1·cm H2O−1. No adverse effects were observed in the eyes during the experiments and the next few weeks. The results indicate that perfusion with alpha-chymotrypsin produces relatively wide routes for aqueous drainage into the canal of Schlemm, which remain patent at least for several hours. In addition the enzyme seems to prolong the effect of Na2EDTA
Chaucer's “Troilus”: A Study in Courtly Love (1941)

Other| March 01 1941 Chaucer's “Troilus”: A Study in Courtly Love Thomas A. Kirby. Louisiana State University Press, 1940. Pp. ix+337. $3.00. D. D. Griffith D. D. Griffith Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1941) 2 (1): 140. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-2-1-140 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation D. D. Griffith; Chaucer's “Troilus”: A Study in Courtly Love. Modern Language Quarterly 1 March 1941; 2 (1): 140. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-2-1-140 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1941 by Duke University Press1941 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Reviews You do not currently have access to this content.
Vitamin C Enhances Chemosensitization of Esophageal Cancer Cells<i>in Vitro</i> (2005)

Chemotherapy is increasingly utilised in multimodal protocols to try and improve outcomes. Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) are the mainstay of chemotherapeutic regimens, and an understanding of sensitivity and resistance of esophageal cancer to these agents is of considerable clinical importance. Antioxidants may modulate the response to chemotherapy, and in this study we examined the effect of vitamin C on 5-Fu and cisplatin cytotoxicity and related pathways in the esophageal cancer cell lines OE33 and SKGT-4. The antiproliferative effect of antitumor agents was measured by the MTT assay, and the transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 pathways were assessed by electrophoretic mobility gel shift assay. 5-Fu and cisplatin demonstrated marked morphological changes and decreased cell proliferation. A combination of vitamin C with 5-Fu or cisplatin exerted a significantly enhanced cytotoxic effect compared to both drugs individually. Treatment of esophageal cancer cells with 5-Fu and cisplatin induced NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation. Pretreatment with vitamin C inhibited 5-Fu or cisplatin induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity, but vitamin C had no effect on IkappaB-alpha protein levels. Vitamin C also inhibited 5-Fu- and cisplatin-induced AP-1 activation. Our data demonstrate that vitamin C enhances the antitumor activity of 5-Fu and cisplatin, in part by inhibiting translocation of NF-kappaB and AP-1, and sensitizes cancer cells to drug-induced cell death. The data suggest that vitamin C supplementation may improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for esophageal cancer.
Crystal structure and identification of a key amino acid for glucose tolerance, substrate specificity, and transglycosylation activity of metagenomic β‐glucosidase Td2F2 (2016)

The atomic coordinates and structure factors (codes 3WH5, 3WH6, 3WH8, 3WH7, 5AYB, and 5AYI) have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (http://wwpdb.org/).
Growth of p-type Ag-doped ZnO by rf sputter deposition (2014)

The growth of thin films of Ag-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) (ZnO:Ag) having p-type conductivity using radio frequency (rf) magnetron co-sputter deposition without any post-deposition annealing has been investigated. The thin films of ZnO:Ag were deposited on n-type Si substrates using a composite ZnO/Ag target (97%/3%) in argon plasma at different substrate temperatures of 300 °C, 375 °C and 600 °C. The deposited films were characterized by Hall measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) techniques. Hall measurements show that the films deposited at substrate temperatures of 300 °C and 375 °C were n-type ZnO films and those deposited at a substrate temperature of 600 °C were p-type ZnO ones with hole concentration in the range (1.1–4.6) × 10+18/cm3. For the p-type ZnO thin films, the XRD analyses indicate substitution of Ag+ for Zn2+ in the films. FE-SEM backscattered electron images show nanocrystalline surface morphology of the film. RBS and EDAX measurements show the presence of O, Zn and Ag elements in the films. The formation of p-type Ag-doped ZnO in the films deposited at 600 °C is attributed to the appropriate conditions for incorporation of Ag+ into Zn2+ sites of ZnO at elevated substrate temperatures and formation of AgZn acceptors in the as-grown thin films.
Measuring of clock drift rates and static time offsets of ocean bottom stations by means of ambient noise (2013)

Marine seismology usually relies on temporary deployments of stand alone seismic ocean bottom stations (OBS), which are initialized and synchronized on ship before deployment and re-synchronized and stopped on ship after recovery several months later. In between, the recorder clocks may drift and float at unknown rates. If the clock drifts are large or not linear and cannot be corrected for, seismological applications will be limited to methods not requiring precise common timing. Therefore, for example, array seismological methods, which need very accurate timing between individual stations, would not be applicable for such deployments. We use an OBS test-array of 12 stations and 75 km aperture, deployed for 10 months in the deep sea (4.5–5.5 km) of the mid-eastern Atlantic. The experiment was designed to analyse the potential of broad-band array seismology at the seafloor. After recovery, we identified some stations which either show unusual large clock drifts and/or static time offsets by having a large difference between the internal clock and the GPS-signal (skew). We test the approach of ambient noise cross-correlation to synchronize clocks of a deep water OBS array with km-scale interstation distances. We show that small drift rates and static time offsets can be resolved on vertical components with a standard technique. Larger clock drifts (several seconds per day) can only be accurately recovered if time windows of one input trace are shifted according to the expected drift between a station pair before the cross-correlation. We validate that the drifts extracted from the seismometer data are linear to first order. The same is valid for most of the hydrophones. Moreover, we were able to determine the clock drift at a station where no skew could be measured. Furthermore, we find that instable apparent drift rates at some hydrophones, which are uncorrelated to the seismometer drift recorded at the same digitizer, indicate a malfunction of the hydrophone.
Effect of infectious bursal disease virus on protection against Marek's disease by turkey herpesvirus vaccine. (1984)

Chickens inoculated at hatch with pathogenic infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and the turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine were poorly protected against challenge at 1 week with virulent Marek's disease virus (MDV). However, if vaccination with HVT preceded IBDV inoculation such as by embryonal vaccination with HVT and exposure to IBDV at hatch, or by vaccination at hatch and IBDV exposure 5 days or longer postvaccination, then the vaccinal efficacy of HVT was not influenced. Further, the inhibitory effect of pathogenic IBDV was transient: chickens that received IBDV and HVT at hatch were poorly protected against challenge with virulent MDV at 1 week but not against challenge at 2 weeks of age. Pathogenic IBDV routinely interfered in vaccine efficacy of HVT in chickens lacking maternal antibody to IBDV but not in chickens that had such antibodies at the time of exposure to IBDV. In certain experiments, pathogenic IBDV caused a high rate of mortality in newly hatched chicks. Chickens receiving IBDV and MDV had a lower incidence of Marek's disease than those receiving MDV alone.