gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lasing in robust cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires (2016)

The rapidly growing field of nanoscale lasers can be advanced through the discovery of new, tunable light sources. The emission wavelength tunability demonstrated in perovskite materials is an attractive property for nanoscale lasers. Whereas organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite materials are known for their instability, cesium lead halides offer a robust alternative without sacrificing emission tunability or ease of synthesis. Here, we report the low-temperature, solution-phase growth of cesium lead halide nanowires exhibiting low-threshold lasing and high stability. The as-grown nanowires are single crystalline with well-formed facets, and act as high-quality laser cavities. The nanowires display excellent stability while stored and handled under ambient conditions over the course of weeks. Upon optical excitation, Fabry-Pérot lasing occurs in CsPbBr3 nanowires with an onset of 5 μJ cm(-2) with the nanowire cavity displaying a maximum quality factor of 1,009 ± 5. Lasing under constant, pulsed excitation can be maintained for over 1 h, the equivalent of 10(9) excitation cycles, and lasing persists upon exposure to ambient atmosphere. Wavelength tunability in the green and blue regions of the spectrum in conjunction with excellent stability makes these nanowire lasers attractive for device fabrication.
Long Term Transhepatic Intubation for Hilar Hepatic Duct Strictures (1976)

A technique for repairing benign hilar hepatic duct strictures using transhepatic intubation with a large bore silastic stent is described. This procedure has been used in 10 patients. In 9 instances the stricture involved the common hepatic duct, and in one patient the right and left hepatic ducts. Nine of the strictures followed cholecystectomy; one followed the primary repair of a gun shot wound to the hepatic duct. Hepaticojejunostomies were created and the transhepatic silastic stent was left in place for 6 months in one patient, and for 12 months in 8 patients. In one patient the silastic stents are still in place. There have been no treatment failures. All patients are healthy and at full activity from one year, 3 months to 6 years, 6 months from the time of repair (average 3 years, 5 months). In the 9 patients whose stents have been removed, the serum bilirubin levels are normal There have been no episodes of cholangitis following repair. This method of repair using long term transhepatic silastic stents is recommended for all high hilar hepatic duct strictures.
Underwater attachment using hairs: the functioning of spatula and sucker setae from male diving beetles (2014)

Males of Dytiscinae beetles use specialized adhesive setae to adhere to female elytra during underwater courtship. This coevolution of male setae and female elytra has attracted much attention since Darwin. However, there has been little examination of their biomechanical functioning despite increasing knowledge on biofibrillar adhesion. Here, we report and compare, for the first time, the mechanisms of underwater attachment using two hair types, the primitive spatula and derived 'passive' sucker, found in male diving beetles. Results from interspecific scaling of protarsal palettes and adhesion by single seta suggest better performance in the later-evolved circular (sucker) setae. Spatula setae with a modified shallow sucker and channels use the combined mechanisms of suction and viscous resistance for adhesion. Velocity-dependent adhesion provides sufficient control for resisting the female's erratic movements while also detaching easily through slow peeling. Direction-dependent shear resistance helps reorient setae surfaces into a preferred direction for effective adhesion. Seta deformation using different mechanisms for circular and spatula setae reduces the force that is transmitted to the contact interface. A softer spring in spatula setae explains their adhesion at lower preloads and assists in complete substrate contact. Attachment mechanisms revealed in adhesive setae with modified spatula and passive suckers provide insights for bioinspired designs of underwater attachment devices.
Fast-Cycle Product Development (1990)

In today's highly competitive industrial environment, those who are slow in bringing new products to market often lose out to those with a more agile development process. Developing products quickly while maintaining cost and quality demands a distinctive management approach that integrates marketing, engineering, manufacturing, and other activities. This article discusses the importance of development speed relative to the product's cost, performance, and development expense, and it suggests ways in which a company can cut development time. Topics covered include top management involvement; product objectives and complexity, team composition and leadership; communication vehicles, including the product specification; prototyping and testing; and control systems, such as design reviews.
<title>MicroSearch: human presence detection in vehicles</title> (2002)

ENSCO has been at the forefront in the development of a novel technology for human presence detection in vehicles, including automobiles, vans, trucks and semi-tractor trailers. This technology, by its very nature, is quite practical and less costly than other methods because it is based on a fundamental physiological characteristic common to all humans. Based on the ballistocardiogram force it measures the vehicle vibration produced by the individual's heart. The force produced by the heartbeats of humans will move vehicles, even large semi-tractor trailers, enough to be easily detectable by small seismic sensors. MicroSearch finds stowaways in a matter of seconds. No need to unload the vehicle, no need for manual searches.
Reliability Evaluation of Large Scale Distribution Systems Using the Shortest Path Algorithm and Section Technique (2005)

Distribution systems (DSs) are usually designed with closed-loop structure and a few switches and operated with open-loop structure. An efficient reliability evaluation algorithm for complex radial DSs is proposed using section technique and the shortest path algorithm (SPA) in this paper in terms of the characteristics above. The definitions of feeder-terminal-node and bound-node as well as section-of-component (SOC) are then presented. And the reliability evaluation algorithm based on SOCs using SPA for DSs are further proposed. In the calculating process, the calculating unit of DSs is not the component used in the conventional method but the SOC and the SPA is used to identify the controlled area of the switches. The proposed algorithm has the advantage of avoiding repeated search for the controlled area of switches, thus greatly reducing the time consumption for enumerating the failure events. Test results of RBTS and a number of practical DSs show the effectiveness and engineering applicability of the proposed method.
Microcellular Foams (1997)

Microcellular polymers refer to closed cell thermoplastic foams with an extremely large number of very small cells. Typically, one hundred million or more bubbles nucleate per cm3 of polymer, and each cell is of order 10 μm diameter. These materials were first produced in the early 1980's with the objective of reducing the amount of polymer used in mass produced items, and have the potential to revolutionize the way thermoplastic polymers are used today. Microcellular plastics have been produced from a number of polymers and can be produced with densities ranging from 3 to 99 percent of the density of the solid material, offering engineers a new range of properties for design. Microcellular foams possess improved fatigue life and energy absorption characteristics as well as a high specific strength. It is expected that these materials will be utilized in a wide variety of applications in the next century.
Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease (2013)

The small acceleration rates suggest a long period of transition to the pathologic losses seen in clinical AD. The acceleration in hippocampal atrophy rates in MCI subjects in the ADNI seems to be driven by those MCI subjects who concurrently progressed to a clinical diagnosis of AD.
Supramolecular Copolyesters with Tunable Properties (2007)

The effect of chain structure (supramolecular random copolymer vs supramolecular segmented copolymer) on material properties of supramolecular polymers was studied, using polyesters, end-functionalized with quadruple hydrogen-bonding ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) units. Mixing of miscible UPy homopolymers led to supramolecular segmented copolymers while functionalized random copolymer diols resulted in supramolecular random copolymers. The (co)polymers were prepared by (co)polymerization of ε-CL and δ-VL using Novozym 435, followed by end functionalization with UPy. Thermal analysis of the functionalized (co)polymers showed two melting transitions. With variable temperature IR, the lower transition was attributed to the melting of the polyester part, while the higher transition corresponded to melting of UPy moieties. The materials can therefore be considered as supramolecular thermoplastic elastomers with a hard phase of microphase separated UPy dimers, giving mechanical strength to the material. Mixing of UPy functionalized homopolymers gave better control over the mechanical properties than UPy functionalized copolymers as a correlation was found between the Young modulus and the fraction of δ-VL polymer in the material.
Agent based messaging and information services (1995)

Messaging technology, such as e-mail, has become a vital part of the way people communicate. There is a growing demand for more intelligent messaging. One promising approach is agent based messaging, where messages are programs that move through communications networks.
Comparison of Acoustic Properties of Two USMC Helmets (2008)

The United States Marine Corps (USMC) has recently replaced an older Combat Vehicle Crewman (CVC) communications headset (the MK1697/G) with a newer version (Enhanced CVC headset [ECVCH]) manufactured by the same company (Sonetronics). A communications headset consists of two earphones and a microphone with the capability to receive and transmit communications across a radio or intercom. The ECVCH headset provides improvements in situational awareness through the addition of a talk-through microphone, in hearing protection through thicker ear pads, and in greater field ruggedness. A set of evaluations was conducted to determine if the ECVCH showed improvements in attenuation and speech intelligibility over the MK1697/G headset. There was no improvement in sound attenuation with the ECVCH. The ECVCH showed a decrement in speech intelligibility, although this decrement was not large enough to impact operational performance. The difference in performance can be explained by the differences in frequency responses between the two headsets.
Interchange of Catalytic Activity within the 2-Enoyl-Coenzyme A Hydratase/Isomerase Superfamily Based on a Common Active Site Template (1999)

The structures and chemical pathways associated with the members of the 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase enzyme superfamily are compared to show that a common active site design provides the members of this family with a CoA binding site, an expandable acyl binding pocket, an oxyanion hole for binding/polarizing the thioester C=O, and multiple active site stations for the positioning of acidic and basic amino acid side chains for use in proton shuttling. It is hypothesized that this active site template can be tailored to catalyze a wide range of chemical transformations through strategic positioning of acid/base residues among the active site stations. To test this hypothesis, the active site of one member of the 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family, 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase, was altered by site-directed mutagenesis to include the two glutamate residues functioning in acid/base catalysis in a second family member, crotonase. Catalysis of the syn hydration of crotonyl-CoA, absent in the wild-type 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase, was shown to occur with the structurally modified 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase at kcat = 0.06 s-1 and Km = 50 microM.
Synthesis and physical properties of amorphous poly(aryl ether isoquinoline)s (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and physical properties of amorphous poly(aryl ether isoquinoline)sRina Singh and Allan S. HayCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 3, 1033–1040Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00029a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00029a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Erratum: “Effect of size and roughness on light transmission in a Si/SiO2 waveguide: Experiments and model” [Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>77</b>, 1617 (2000)] (2000)

First Page
Empirical Prediction of Electronic Potentials of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes With a Specific Chirality (n,m) (2013)

The determination of the electronic states of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with a specific chirality has been a central issue in the science of SWNTs. Here we present the empirical equations with fitting parameters for the determination of the reduction and oxidation potentials of SWNTs for a wide range of diameters and chiral angles. In these equations, a distinct chirality family dependence of the reduction potentials is observed, while the oxidation potentials show a simple diameter dependence nearly proportional to the inversed nanotube diameter. Based on observations of the asymmetric chirality dependence between the reduction and oxidation potentials, the Fermi levels of the SWNTs were revealed to have a definite chirality family dependence, which indicates that the work functions of the SWNTs with small diameters deviate from the values for the large diameter SWNTs and graphene. We also performed quantum chemical calculations to compare the experiment to the calculations.
A proliferation gradient between proximal and<i>msxb</i>-expressing distal blastema directs zebrafish fin regeneration (2002)

Previous studies of zebrafish fin regeneration led to the notion that the regeneration blastema is a homogeneous population of proliferating cells. Here, we show that the blastema consists of two components with markedly distinct proliferation properties. During early blastema formation, proliferating cells are evenly distributed. At the onset of regenerative outgrowth, however, blastemal cells are partitioned into two domains. Proximal blastemal cells proliferate at a high rate, shifting from a median G(2) of more than 6 hours to approximately 1 hour. By contrast, the most distal blastemal cells do not proliferate. There is a gradient of proliferation between these extremes. Using bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and anti-phosphohistone H3 labeling, we find a 50-fold difference in proliferation across the gradient that extends approximately 50 microm, or ten cell diameters. We show that during early regeneration, proliferating blastemal cells express msxb, a homeodomain transcriptional repressor. While msxb is widely expressed among proliferating cells during blastema formation, its expression becomes restricted to a small number of non-proliferating, distal blastemal cells during regenerative outgrowth. Bromodeoxyuridine pulse-chase experiments show that distal and proximal blastemal cells are formed from proliferating, msxb-positive blastemal cells, not from preexisting slow-cycling cells. These data support the idea that blastema formation results from dedifferentiation of intraray mesenchymal cells. Based on these findings, we propose a new model of zebrafish fin regeneration in which the function of non-proliferating, msxb-expressing, distal blastemal cells is to specify the boundary of proliferation and provide direction for regenerative outgrowth.
A Visual Analytics System for Optimizing Communications in Massively Parallel Applications (2017)

Current and future supercomputers have tens of thousands of compute nodes interconnected with high-dimensional networks and complex network topologies for improved performance. Application developers are required to write scalable parallel programs in order to achieve high throughput on these machines. Application performance is largely determined by efficient inter-process communication. A common way to analyze and optimize performance is through profiling parallel codes to identify communication bottlenecks. However, understanding gigabytes of profiled at a is not a trivial task. In this paper, we present a visual analytics system for identifying the scalability bottlenecks and improving the communication efficiency of massively parallel applications. Visualization methods used in this system are designed to comprehend large-scale and varied communication patterns on thousands of nodes in complex networks such as the 5D torus and the dragonfly. We also present efficient rerouting and remapping algorithms that can be coupled with our interactive visual analytics design for performance optimization. We demonstrate the utility of our system with several case studies using three benchmark applications on two leading supercomputers. The mapping suggestion from our system led to 38% improvement in hop-bytes for Mini AMR application on 4,096 MPI processes.
Transcatheter Treatment of Heart Failure with Preserved or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction Using a Novel Interatrial Implant to Lower Left Atrial Pressure (2014)

Contemporary management of HFpEF patients is confounded by the lack of effective therapies. The use of a device-based approach to reduce left atrial pressure provides a novel means to improve haemodynamic and symptomatic status in HFpEF patients and warrants further investigation.
High Dispersion Stellar Spectroscopy with an Echelle Grating (1970)

The design and operation of a new 3.7-m echelle spectrograph are described. Both photographic (with image intensifier tube) and photoelectric results are presented, together with a critique of the general performance of the instrument.
The life history of an embryonic signaling center: BMP-4 induces <i>p21</i> and is associated with apoptosis in the mouse tooth enamel knot (1998)

The enamel knot, a transient epithelial structure, appears at the onset of mammalian tooth shape development. Until now, the morphological, cellular and molecular events leading to the formation and disappearance of the enamel knot have not been described. Here we report that the cessation of cell proliferation in the enamel knot in mouse molar teeth is linked with the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. We show that p21 expression is induced by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) in isolated dental epithelia. As Bmp-4 is expressed only in the underlying dental mesenchyme at the onset of the enamel knot formation, these results support the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors as inducible cell differentiation factors in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Furthermore, we show that the expression of p21 in the enamel knot is followed by Bmp-4 expression, and subsequently by apoptosis of the differentiated enamel knot cells. Three-dimensional reconstructions of serial sections after in situ hybridization and Tunel-staining indicated an exact codistribution of Bmp-4 transcripts and apoptotic cells. Apoptosis was stimulated by BMP-4 in isolated dental epithelia, but only in one third of the explants. We conclude that Bmp-4 may be involved both in the induction of the epithelial enamel knot, as a mesenchymal inducer of epithelial cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and later in the termination of the enamel knot signaling functions by participating in the regulation of programmed cell death. These results show that the life history of the enamel knot is intimately linked to the initiation of tooth shape development and support the role of the enamel knot as an embryonic signaling center.
Simple counting rule for optimal data fusion (2004)

In the problem of optimal decision fusion, the data fusion center receives the information sent independently by each detector. Z. Chair and P.K. Varshney et al., (1986) showed that, the optimal decision rule is a weighted sum of local decisions, and the weight is a function of the probability of detection (P/sub D/) and the probability of false alarm (P/sub F/).P/sub D/ and P/sub F/ for each detector must be known, but this information is not always available practically and these probabilities may not be constant with the time. In this paper, we have presented an adaptive fusion model which estimate the P/sub D/ and P/sub F/ adaptively by a simple counting. Reference signals are not given, so the fused decision of all detectors is considered as the reference signal, the decision of a local detector is arbitrated by this fusion result.
Statistical Method for ROADM Cascade Penalty (2010)

ROADM elements in DWDM optical networks exhibit variations in pass-band amplitude response due to manufacturing variations and supplier diversity. We present a novel statistical approach for ROADM cascade penalty allocation, which reduces OSNR penalty with negligible impact to the worst case penalty estimate.
Alterations in the protein synthetic apparatus of Friend erythroleukemia cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus or herpes simplex virus (1978)

We have compared the effects of infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) on the protein synthetic apparatus of Friend erythroleukemia cells. Previous studies demonstrated that infection with HSV rapidly shuts off the synthesis of globin and other cellular polypeptides (Y. Nischioka and S. Silverstein, 1977, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74: 2370-2374). In contrast to these findings, globin synthesis persists in Friend erythroleukemia cells infected with VSV. Physical measurements of the size of bulk-infected cell mRNA, using hybridization with polyuridylic acid, demonstrated that there was no detectable change in the size of mRNA's after infection with VSV. A comparison of the kinetics of hybridization of cytoplasmic RNA extracted from cells infected with either HSV or VSV with globin complementary DNA revealed that by 4 h postinfection with HSV only about 15% of the globin mRNA sequences remained, whereas there was no discernible change in the sequence abundance of globin mRNA in VSV-infected cells.
Process dependence of breakdown field in thermally nitrided silicon dioxide (1991)

We have studied the dependence of breakdown field in nitrided oxides on nitridation conditions. Nitridation improves the breakdown field of the oxides. In an attempt to explore the cause of the improved breakdown, the breakdown field was related with electron-trap density and refractive index (which increases with nitrogen concentration in the oxide). Our results suggest that the enhanced breakdown field of nitrided oxides is mainly due to incorporation of nitrogen, which results in structural changes in the nitrided oxide.