gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effector-Mediated Alteration of Substrate Orientation in Cytochrome P450 2C9 (2004)

Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)-mediated flurbiprofen 4'-hydroxylation is activated by the presence of dapsone resulting in reduction of the K(m) for flurbiprofen hydroxylation and an increase in V(m). Previous spectral binding studies have demonstrated that the binding of flurbiprofen with CYP2C9 is increased (decrease in K(S)) by the presence of dapsone. We hypothesized that the two compounds are simultaneously in the active site with the presence of dapsone causing flurbiprofen to be oriented more closely to the heme. T(1) relaxation rates determined by NMR were used to estimate the distances of protons on these compounds from the paramagnetic heme-iron center. Samples contained 0.014 microM CYP2C9 and 145 microM flurbiprofen in the presence and absence of 100 microM dapsone. Estimated distances of various flurbiprofen protons from the heme ranged from 4.2 to 4.5 A in the absence of dapsone and from 3.2 to 3.8 A in the presence of dapsone. The 4' proton of flurbiprofen, the site of metabolism, showed one of the greatest differences in distance from the heme in the presence of dapsone, 3.50 A, as compared to the absence of dapsone, 4.41 A. Dapsone protons were less affected, being 4.40 A from the heme in the absence of flurbiprofen and 4.00-4.01 A from the heme in the presence of flurbiprofen. Molecular modeling studies were also performed to corroborate the relative orientations of flurbiprofen and dapsone in the active site of CYP2C9. Shift of the 4' proton of flurbiprofen closer to the heme iron of CYP2C9 in the presence of dapsone may play a role in activation.
Design of highly-efficient power-controllable CMOS class E RF power amplifiers (2003)

A highly-efficient, power-controllable CMOS class E RF power amplifier is described. The power amplifier operates at 1.8 GHz and simulated with a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process. By employing controllable capacitance for the output matching network, high power efficiencies can be maintained for a wide range of output power at a supply voltage of 2.5 V.
Calcified cervical intervertebral discs in children (1977)

Calcified cervical intervertebral discs in children are manifestations of an uncommon, distinct disease of unknown cause. Acute symptoms are usually followed by a benign course of spontaneous recovery, frequently culminating in resorption of the calcium. Rarely herniation of the disc may cause neurological complications. Two cases are presented as examples of the typical syndrome. A third case was operated on because of herniation with radiculopathy; the clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings are reported in detail.
Zur Erforschung Der Alten Buschmann-Religion (1929)

Opening Paragraph Wer einen rechten Begriff davon bekommen will, wie in einander verwickelt die ganze Vorbantu-Ethnologie von Südafrika ist, der muss sich mit dem Problem der alten Buschmannreligion näher befassen. Was ich vor achtzehn Jahren in meinem Werk Die Stellung der Pygmäenvölker in der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen über dieselbe geschrieben, erscheint heute nicht nur wegen des unterdessen zutage geförderten besseren Materiales als unzulänglich, sondern vor allem deshalb, weil die Lösung dort von den Buschmännern allein aus verursacht wurde. Es steht nämlich heute fest, dass diese Lösung nicht möglich ist, ohne zugleich die Religion der Hottentotten wie der Bergdama einer gründlichen Prüfung zu unterziehen. Mit anderen Worten: keine der Religionen der Vorbantu-Völker von Südafrika kann gebuhrend erforscht werden, ohne die anderen Religionen der gleichen Schicht mit einzubeziehen.
Hanging drop cultures of human testis and testis cancer samples: a model used to investigate activin treatment effects in a preserved niche (2014)

Hanging drop cultures of human testis and testis cancer samples can be employed to delineate mechanisms governing growth of normal, CIS and tumorigenic germ cells retained within their niche.
<i>In Vitro</i> Efficacy of a Novel Active-Release Antimicrobial Coating To Eradicate Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2014)

Implant-related infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the formation of biofilms on implant surfaces. This study analyzed the in vitro efficacy of a novel antimicrobial coating against biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using a flow cell system. Results indicated that P. aeruginosa biofilms were reduced by greater than 8 log10 units in less than 24 h. Data indicated that this active-release coating may be promising for preventing biofilm implant-related infections.
Vasodilatory Action of Carvedilol (1992)

Carvedilol is a dual-acting drug designed to produce two complementary effects: beta-blockade and vasodilation. These effects are induced in the same dose range, a prerequisite for utilizing both properties in an appropriate manner. The vasodilation is mediated predominantly by specific alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. At markedly higher concentrations, additional vasodilating actions besides alpha 1-blockade can be observed. These effects resemble those of Ca(2+)-antagonistic properties. However, they do not contribute to the acute blood pressure-lowering activity of carvedilol but may be responsible for the increased blood flow to specific organs. At beta-blocking doses, carvedilol reduces the regional and systemic vascular resistance in various experimental models, healthy volunteers, and in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. The profile of carvedilol thus insures beneficial treatment of hemodynamic disorders characterized by increased sympathetic tone and increased vascular resistance.
Estimating traffic flow by image processing and the usage of an adaptive traffic signal control system (2009)

The Robust and reliable traffic information detection from images acquired by traffic surveillance system is an important problem with numerous applications including adaptive traffic signal control system and traffic analysis system. This paper describes an application of computer vision techniques to traffic surveillance. The objective in this paper is to improve the efficiency of traffic flow estimation that include pedestrian flow and vehicular flow estimation. Specifically, some vision based methodologies that including perspective transformation, object segmentation and classification have been employed to traffic flow estimation. Traffic congestion in urban area is still an important issue to be solved. One of the reasons of congestion in urban area is imperfect operation of traffic signal control. A traffic signal control problem can be formulated as a decision making problem for a stochastic dynamic system. To minimize the queue length and vehicle delay time, an adaptive traffic signal control system that used signification traffic information to find the optimal phase sequencing of traffic signal has been proposed in this paper. The experiment results of intersection traffic simulation indicate that our approach has better performance than other two control systems.
Laser weldability analysis of high-speed optical transmission device packaging (1996)

A 2.5 Gb/s distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) module was used as a test package to develop laser welding techniques. Various package weld joint geometries, such as lap, fillet, butt, and fillet-lap, were designed and welded to investigate the optimal package configuration that leads to the maximum coupling efficiency and minimum weld shift. Furthermore, the welded joints at a given set of laser parameters were cross-sectioned for metallurgical analysis, such as weld penetration and microcracks, for verification of the weld joint integrity. Through such analysis, some important laser welding parameters, such as depth-of-penetration (DOP), heat-affected zone (HAZ), shear-strength, and solidification formation of the weld pool were analyzed. Also, as the result of investigating 56 laser welded DFB-LD submodules, optimal laser parameters, and the suitable joint geometry for this package could be determined with the average weld shift less than 0.19 dB, which translates to less than 1.0 /spl mu/m in radial displacement. These laser welded packages exhibited an excellent tracking stability during environmental testing, which consequently resulted in obtaining a desirable bit-error rate (BER) during the data transmission performance analysis.
Optical properties of surface plasmon resonances of coupled metallic nanorods (2007)

We present a systematic study of optical antenna arrays, in which the effects of coupling between the antennas, as well as of the antenna length, on the reflection spectra are investigated and compared. Such arrays can be fabricated on the facet of a fiber, and we propose a photonic device, a plasmonic optical antenna fiber probe, that can potentially be used for in-situ chemical and biological detection and surface-enhanced Raman scattering.
Characterization of Immunoreactive Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) in and Effects of AVP on Isolated Human Penile Erectile Tissues (1987)

Arginine vasopressin (AVP), which has been shown to have a marked contractant effect on human penile erectile tissues, particularly the corpus spongiosum (CS), was demonstrated to occur in these tissues. Out of nine CS samples, eight contained vasopressin-like immunoreactivity in concentrations ranging from 3.5 to 107.2 fmol./gm. wet weight. These amounts suggest that the hormone is taken up and/or synthesized locally. The effects of four different vasopressin antagonists were characterized on human CS strips, and they were found to effectively inhibit the contractile response to exogenous AVP. However, none of these antagonists had any effects on electrically induced contractions in penile erectile tissues. These results do not favour the view that AVP is released on electrical stimulation in amounts that contract the erectile tissues. Whether or not the peptide is involved in the mechanisms controlling penile erection remains unclear.
Frontal curing of epoxy resins: Comparison of mechanical and thermal properties to batch-cured materials (1997)

The epoxy resin diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF) was cured by the aliphatic amine curing agent Epicure 3371 in a stoichiometric ratio both frontally and in a batch-cure schedule. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). DMA also was used for studying the storage modulus (E′) and tan delta (tan δ) of the cured samples. Tensile properties of epoxy samples were tested according to ASTM D638M-93. The properties of the frontally cured epoxy resin were found to be very close to that of batch-cured epoxy resin. Velocity of cure-front propagation was measured for both neat and filled epoxy. Rubber particles (ground tires) were used as a filler. The maximum percentage of filler in the epoxy resin allowing propagation was 30%. Because of convection, only descending fronts would propagate. Advantages and disadvantages of frontal curing of epoxy resins are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1209–1216, 1997
DTKI: a new formalized PKI with no trusted parties (2014)

The security of public key validation protocols for web-based applications has recently attracted attention because of weaknesses in the certificate authority model, and consequent attacks. Recent proposals using public logs have succeeded in making certificate management more transparent and verifiable. However, those proposals involve a fixed set of authorities. This means an oligopoly is created. Another problem with current log-based system is their heavy reliance on trusted parties that monitor the logs. We propose a distributed transparent key infrastructure (DTKI), which greatly reduces the oligopoly of service providers and allows verification of the behaviour of trusted parties. In addition, this paper formalises the public log data structure and provides a formal analysis of the security that DTKI guarantees.
Asymmetries in Dark Pool reference prices (2016)

Dark pools volumes have increased significantly over the last decade. This has raised concerns on the reliability of reference prices used by these pools, and asymmetric participant outcomes via “latency arbitrage”. Using a novel data set provided by the major UK exchanges and dark pools that contain millisecond matching engine timestamps we characterise the extent of stale reference prices in the UK for the first time. We find that HFTs benefit in the vast majority of stale trades and co-located participants more than non co-located. We also characterise the mechanism of dark pool latency arbitrage by demonstrating aggressive and passive initiation strategies and its relationship with participant dark liquidity provision. We also find evidence of better execution outcomes by broker’s trading in their own dark pools and HFTs. Overall, we find evidence of asymmetric outcomes across participant types, which may result from participants’ differing abilities to observe and manage latency, and differing abilities to engage in effective smart order routing in a fragmented market.
Bridging Temporal and Spatial "Gaps": The role of information and communication technologies in defining communities (2002)

The diffusion and use of digitally based information and communication technologies (ICTs) offers the opportunity to redefine and reconceptualize 'community' both in terms of delineating the boundaries of community, as well as the modes of communication used between members. The creation of an electronic infrastructure, the Internet, permits the possibility of widespread public communication that is inexpensive and relatively easy to access. A second consequence builds on the first; the emergence of (virtual) communities based on geographically distributed sources of information production and exchange rather than the geographic proximity of community members to one another. An assessment of three cases of ICT-linked communities suggests that one component of sustainability of these virtual communities of interest may be a geographic linkage. While interests not based on geography are, at least at present, more transitory and less important than those created by the use of the Internet and similar kinds of ICTs. While we may join a virtual community because of an interest we have, unless that interest affects us in our daily lives, in our lives as physically-instantiated and geographically-centred individuals and citizens, there is no good reason to believe that we will long continue an active membership in the virtual community. Indeed, this is precisely what the three case studies presented in this paper suggest.
The Concurrency Control Mechanism of SDD-1: A System for Distributed Databases (The Fully Redundant Case) (1978)

SDD-1, A System for Distributed Databases, is a distributed database system being developed by Computer Corporation of America (CCA), Cambridge, MA. SDD-1 permits data to be stored redundantly at several database sites in order to enhance the reliability and responsiveness of the system and to facilitate upward scaling of system capacity. This paper describes the method used by SDD-1 for updating data that are stored redundantly.
Integration of synchronous and asynchronous traffic on the MetaRing architecture and its analysis (2003)

The MetaRing architecture is a full-duplex ring with fairness and spatial reuse. The authors describe a protocol for integrating two types of traffic on the MetaRing: synchronous or real-time traffic which is periodic and requires a connection set-up and will have guaranteed bandwidth and bounded delay; and connectionless or asynchronous traffic with no real-time constraints that can use the remainder of the bandwidth. The integration mechanism is functionally equivalent to the function in the fiber distributed data interface (FDDI). However, unlike FDDI, it guarantees round-robin fairness among nodes with asynchronous traffic and has spatial reuse. A Markovian state space formulation of the network is given. This formulation was used for an efficient simulation of the network with an arbitrary number of nodes. An upper bound on the delay of the synchronous data is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nanocrystalline carbide/amorphous carbon composites (1997)

Nanocrystalline TiC/amorphous carbon (a-C) composite films were synthesized at near room temperature with a hybrid process combining laser ablation of graphite and magnetron sputtering of titanium. Film microstructure was investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction analyses, and transmission electron microscopy. Mechanical properties were evaluated from nanoindentation, scratch, and friction tests. The films consisted of 10 nm sized TiC crystallites encapsulated in a sp3 bonded a-C matrix. They had a hardness of about 32 GPa and a remarkable plasticity (40% in indentation deformation) at loads exceeding their elastic limit. They were also found to have a high scratch toughness in addition to a low (about 0.2) friction coefficient. The combination of hardness and ductility was correlated with film phase composition and structural analyses, using concepts of nanocomposite mechanics. The properties of the TiC/a-C composites make them beneficial for surface wear and friction protection.
A Fluorescence Standard Reference Material: Quinine Sulfate Dihydrate (1981)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. A. Velapoldi and K. D. Mielenz, "A Fluorescence Standard Reference Material: Quinine Sulfate Dihydrate," Appl. Opt. 20, 1718-1718 (1981) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Big Book of Concepts (2002)

Concepts embody our knowledge of the kinds of things there are in the world. Tying our past experiences to our present interactions with the environment, they enable us to recognize and understand new objects and events. Concepts are also relevant to understanding domains such as social situations, personality types, and even artistic styles. Yet like other phenomenologically simple cognitive processes such as walking or understanding speech, concept formation and use are maddeningly complex. Research since the 1970s and the decline of the "classical view" of concepts have greatly illuminated the psychology of concepts. But persistent theoretical disputes have sometimes obscured this progress. The Big Book of Concepts goes beyond those disputes to reveal the advances that have been made, focusing on the major empirical discoveries. By reviewing and evaluating research on diverse topics such as category learning, word meaning, conceptual development in infants and children, and the basic level of categorization, the book develops a much broader range of criteria than is usual for evaluating theories of concepts. Bradford Books imprint
Verbesserung motorischen Lernens in der Neurorehabilitation (2019)

Drei Faktoren haben großen Einfluss auf das motorische Lernen: Leistungserwartung, Autonomie und externer Fokus der Aufmerksamkeit. Kommen sie zusammen, addieren sie sich in ihrer Wirkung. Therapeuten können diese Effekte in der neurologischen Rehabilitation leicht nutzen.
Coordinate transformations and calculation of the angular and depth parameters for a stereotactic system (1987)

Stereotactic systems have been used to assist in the precise implantation of radioactive sources in selected brain tumors. Use of such systems requires an algorithm that transforms spatial points in computed tomography coordinates into stereotactic frame coordinates. A simple algorithm performing the coordinate transformations, intended for inclusion in treatment-planning software packages for interstitial brain implants, has been developed. This algorithm was formulated using the geometrical configurations of the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) stereotactic system. After the transformations, the BRW angular coordinates and depth specifying the probe direction, defined from the entry point to the target point, are determined from their respective cartesian coordinates. These angular coordinates and depth on the BRW stereotactic system allow accurate neurosurgical implantations of catheters into the brain, and thereafter the insertion of radioactive sources.
Box-trees and R-trees with near-optimal query time (2001)

A box-tree is a \ifasci so-called \emph{bounding-volume hierarchy} \else bounding-volume hierarchy \fi that uses axis-aligned boxes as bounding volumes. The query complexity of a box-tree with respect to a given type of query is the maximum number of nodes visited when answering such a query. We describe several new algorithms for constructing box-trees with small worst-case query complexity with respect to queries with axis-parallel boxes and with points. We also prove lower bounds on the worst-case query complexity for box-trees, which show that our results are optimal or close to optimal. Finally, we present algorithms to convert box-trees to R-trees, resulting in R-trees with (almost) optimal query complexity.
Sub-20 ps ECL Bipolar Technology with High Breakdown Voltage (1993)

Reduction in parasitic capacitance and resistance is effective to improve ECL gate delay, as well as increase in fT values. In this paper, we demonstrate a device with sub-20 ps tpd values even at fT = 22 GHz by implementing several techniques to reduce parasitics. The relatively low fT of this design results in a high breakdown voltage of 5 V.
Dynamics of a Vibratory Feeder (1997)

Abstract The most common devices used to feed small parts in an automatic assembly framework are vibratory feeders. They are used to store, feed, orientate and isolate the parts. Due to the complex mechanics of the feeding process the design of the feeders is still depending on trial and error. This paper presents a complete dynamical model of the transportation process including unilateral constraints and multiple impacts, both with coulomb friction. Some simulation results, computed with a three dimensional model, explain the practical benefit of the proposed tool.