gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase Studies by Diffusive Interfacial Transport Using Near-Infrared Analysis for Water (DIT-NIR) (2000)

The Diffusive Interfacial Transport (DIT) method for performing phase studies (in which all the phases that exist along an isotherm are produced by isothermal swelling and their compositions determined by using refractive index data) was introduced in 1987.1 While this method represented a significant qualitative advance in phase studies methodology, its quantitative accuracy has since been found to be unsatisfactory. We describe herein the DIT-NIR method in which execution of the study is the same as before, but peak-area data on the bend−stretch combination band of water are used to determine composition. Peak-area data are obtained by using Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) microspectroscopy. Calibration studies with octyldimethylphosphine oxide−water mixtures demonstrated that peak areas vary linearly with composition over the entire composition range. The slopes of calibration lines follow a power-law dependence upon temperature. Phase studies of the C12E3−water system, using both DIT-NIR and isoplethal methods, validate the applicability of the DIT-NIR method to systems other than phosphine oxides. These data suggest that DIT-NIR may represent a new general method for the complete and accurate quantitative determination of binary aqueous surfactant phase diagrams. Further, the spectroscopic data can provide new information on the physical state of the material under study.
Topoisomerase II Inhibitors Induce Cleavage of Nuclear and 35-kb Plastid DNAs in the Malarial Parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (1997)

The topoisomerase II-specific inhibitors VP-16 and ciprofloxacin were used to investigate the presence of topoisomerase II activities associated with nuclear and 35-kb plastid DNAs of the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The eukaryotic topoisomerase II inhibitor VP-16 induced cleavage of both nuclear and 35-kb parasite DNAs. In contrast, ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone drug known to act on the bacterial type II topoisomerase DNA gyrase, only induced cleavage of the Plasmodial 35-kb DNA. Drug-induced cleavage resulted in the protection of the 5'- but not 3'- ends of the cleaved nuclear and 35-kb DNAs from exonuclease digestion, suggesting that the 5'-ends of the broken DNA were protein-linked, a property reminiscent of DNA cleavage mediated by topoisomerase II enzymes. Furthermore, DNA cleavage induced by both VP-16 and ciprofloxacin was heat-reversible. This is the first evidence that P. falciparum contains two distinct topoisomerase II activities that are molecular targets for chemotherapeutic agents.
Synthesis of Monodisperse Polymer Particles in Soap-free Emulsion Polymerization (2006)

Current research on soap-free emulsion polymerization is described together with fundamental aspects concerning the mechanism of this polymerization. Conventional methods of soap-free emulsion polymerization were only applicable to the synthesis of monodisperse submicron-sized polymer particles. Previous work, however, pointed out that resultant particle size distributions are strongly dependent on particle coagulation that can be controlled by electrostatic interaction between particles. This basic concept for the particle formation has led to development of a new type of soap-free emulsion polymerization that employs an amphoteric initiator in combination with pH control. This method has enabled the production of highly monodisperse polystyrene particles up to 3μm in a single stage polymerization. Larger particles can be produced with a simple method of monomer addition to polymerization system after the formation of particles. The soap-free emulsion polymerization is also applicable to the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. Currently, soap-free polymerization methods are widely applied to the synthesis of monodisperse composite particles. The examples given are magnetic polymer latex, silica/polystyrene core-shell particles, bell-shaped hollow core-shell particles and multilayered gold/silica/polystyrene core-shell particles.
The Holy Grail of shock resuscitation* (2005)

Surgical Intensive Care Units, Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, FL The author has no financial interests to disclose.
On the evolution of user interaction in Facebook (2009)

Online social networks have become extremely popular; numerous sites allow users to interact and share content using social links. Users of these networks often establish hundreds to even thousands of social links with other users. Recently, researchers have suggested examining the activity network - a network that is based on the actual interaction between users, rather than mere friendship - to distinguish between strong and weak links. While initial studies have led to insights on how an activity network is structurally different from the social network itself, a natural and important aspect of the activity network has been disregarded: the fact that over time social links can grow stronger or weaker. In this paper, we study the evolution of activity between users in the Facebook social network to capture this notion. We find that links in the activity network tend to come and go rapidly over time, and the strength of ties exhibits a general decreasing trend of activity as the social network link ages. For example, only 30% of Facebook user pairs interact consistently from one month to the next. Interestingly, we also find that even though the links of the activity network change rapidly over time, many graph-theoretic properties of the activity network remain unchanged.
Characeae of Llano Estacado (Texas and Adjacent New Mexico) Playas (1990)

From sixty-four playas (temporary lakes) on the of which ever colonizes playas. Bulbil-forming Characeae Llano Estacado of the Texas Panhandle, eleven are absent from playas, and dioecious species of little sig- charophytes are reported, plus an additional nine from nificance in terms of total biomass, as both generally are on permanent bodies of water in the same area. Virtually no oceanic islands as well. The total of twenty for the Llano overlap of species exists between the two habitats. Domi- Estacado, considerably higher than previously reported for nating the playas, but never present in permanent bodies of most areas of North America, is thought to reflect the dual water, was eurythermic and opportunistic Chara braunii nature of the habitats, i.e. temporary and permanent. The Gm. Also present in approximately 25% or more of the maximum number of charophytes per playa was seven; the playas, but no permanent bodies, were C. haitensis Turpin, mode 2. Undisturbed playas, though transient in nature, C. foliolosa Miihl. ex Willd. and C. hydropitys Reich., all of apparently support charophyte floras that are fairly stable tropical affinity. Playas are normally inundated only during from year to year. the summer months. Permanent bodies of water in the area are dominated by cool-temperate charophytes, e.g. C. con- Key words. Charophytes, temporary lakes (playas), Texas traria Br. ex Kutz and 'C. globularis' (Proctor, 1971), none Panhandle, biogeography, ecology.
Environmental Exposures and Depression: Biological Mechanisms and Epidemiological Evidence (2019)

Mental health and well-being are consistently influenced-directly or indirectly-by multiple environmental exposures. In this review, we have attempted to address some of the most common exposures of the biophysical environment, with a goal of demonstrating how those factors interact with central structures and functions of the brain and thus influence the neurobiology of depression. We emphasize biochemical mechanisms, observational evidence, and areas for future research. Finally, we include aspects of contextual environments-city living, nature, natural disasters, and climate change-and call for improved integration of environmental issues in public health science, policies, and activities. This integration is necessary for reducing the global pandemic of depression.
The Chemistry of Cyclopropanols (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of CyclopropanolsOleg G. KulinkovichView Author Information Chemical Department, Belarussian State University, Skaryny Av. 4, 220050 Minsk, Belarus Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 7, 2597–2632Publication Date (Web):June 10, 2003Publication History Received14 October 2002Published online10 June 2003Published inissue 1 July 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr010012ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr010012iresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8603Altmetric-Citations452LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Hydrocarbons,Ketones,Organic compounds,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Real-Time Image-based Smoke Detection in Endoscopic Videos (2017)

The nature of endoscopy as a type of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) requires surgeons to perform complex operations by merely inspecting a live camera feed. Inherently, a successful intervention depends upon ensuring proper working conditions, such as skillful camera handling, adequate lighting and removal of confounding factors, such as fluids or smoke. The latter is an undesirable byproduct of cauterizing tissue and not only constitutes a health hazard for the medical staff as well as the treated patients, it can also considerably obstruct the operating physician's field of view. Therefore, as a standard procedure the gaseous matter is evacuated by using specialized smoke suction systems that typically are activated manually whenever considered appropriate. We argue that image-based smoke detection can be employed to undertake such a decision, while as well being a useful indicator for relevant scenes in post-procedure analyses. This work represents a continued effort to previously conducted studies utilizing pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and threshold-based saturation analysis. Specifically, we explore further methodologies for comparison and provide as well as evaluate a public dataset comprising over 100K smoke/non-smoke images extracted from the Cholec80 dataset, which is composed of 80 different cholecystectomy procedures. Having applied deep learning to merely 20K images of a custom dataset, we achieve Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves enclosing areas of over 0.98 for custom datasets and over 0.77 for the public dataset. Surprisingly, a fixed threshold for saturation-based histogram analysis still yields areas of over 0.78 and 0.75.
Axonal Injury and Overall Tissue Loss Are Not Related in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (2005)

Axonal-neuronal damage in the brain of patients with PPMS seems to occur, at least partially, independently of the burden of magnetic resonance imaging-visible lesions. Whole-brain N-acetylaspartate values and normalized brain volumes were unrelated in this cohort, thereby suggesting that 1H-MRS and atrophy assessment may provide in vivo complementary information about the actual extent of brain damage in PPMS.
Temporal Association of Protamine 1 with the Inner Nuclear Membrane Protein Lamin B Receptor during Spermiogenesis (2004)

During mammalian spermiogenesis, histones are replaced by transition proteins, which are in turn replaced by protamines P1 and P2. P1 protamine contains a short arginine/serine-rich (RS) domain that is highly phosphorylated before being deposited into sperm chromatin and almost completely dephosphorylated during sperm maturation. We now demonstrate that, in elongating spermatids, this phosphorylation is required for the temporal association of P1 protamine with lamin B receptor (LBR), an inner nuclear membrane protein that also possesses a stretch of RS dipeptides at its nucleoplasmic NH(2)-terminal domain. Previous studies have shown that the cellular protein p32 also binds tightly to the unmodified RS domain of LBR. Extending those findings, we now present evidence that p32 prevents phosphorylation of LBR and furthermore that dissociation of this protein precedes P1 protamine association. Our data suggest that docking of protamine 1 to the nuclear envelope is an important intermediate step in spermiogenesis and reveal a novel role for SR protein kinases and p32.
Post‐translationally modified neuropeptides from <i>Conus</i> venoms (1999)

Predatory cone snails (genus Conus) comprise what is arguably the largest living genus of marine animals (500 species). All Conus use complex venoms to capture prey and for other biological purposes. Most biologically active components of these venoms are small disulfide-rich peptides, generally 7-35 amino acids in length. There are probably of the order of 100 different peptides expressed in the venom of each of the 500 Conus species [1,2]. Peptide sequences diverge rapidly between Conus species, resulting in a distinct peptide complement for each species. Thus, the genus as a whole has probably generated approximately 50 000 different peptides, which can be organized into families and superfamilies with shared sequence elements [3]. In this minireview, we provide a brief overview of the neuropharmacological, molecular and cell-biological aspects of the Conus peptides. However, the major focus of the review will be the remarkable array of post-translational modifications found in these peptides.
The incidence of symptomatic acquired lacrimal outflow obstruction among residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1976-2000 (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis). (2007)

SALOO incidence increased during the study interval, although a possible plateau effect was noted during the last 5 years of the study period. The majority of patients were female above the age of 66 years. The latter finding, in conjunction with US demographic trends, suggests that the frequency of SALOO may continue to increase in the future. External dacryocystorhinostomy appeared to be effective in the management of nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Real-time remote rendering of 3D video for mobile devices (2009)

At the convergence of computer vision, graphics, and multimedia, the emerging 3D video technology promises immersive experiences in a truly seamless environment. However, the requirements of huge network bandwidth and computing resources make it still a big challenge to render 3D video on mobile devices at real-time. In this paper, we present how remote rendering framework can be used to solve the problem. The differences between dynamic 3D video and static graphic models are analyzed. A general proxy-based framework is presented to render 3D video streams on the proxy and transmit the rendered scene to mobile devices over a wireless network. An image-based approach is proposed to enhance 3D interactivity and reduce the interaction delay. Experiments prove that the remote rendering framework can be effectively used for quality 3D video rendering on mobile devices in real time.
Process technology developments for GaAs ferroelectric nonvolatile memory (1992)

Fabrication of nonvolatile memories utilizing ferroelectric polarization charge of lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) thin film capacitors requires the integration of the PZT capacitor process with the semiconductor device processes. This paper discusses the development of enabling process technology for integration of PZT capacitors with GaAs junction field-effect transistors (JFET) on a GaAs wafer for the fabrication of a GaAs ferroelectric random access memory (FERRAM). Individual processes for PZT capacitors and GaAs JFETs are described briefly first. The PZT capacitor process utilizes sol-gel deposition of PZT thin films, while the GaAs JFET process is based on selective ion implantations of silicon and magnesium directly into the GaAs wafer. The integration of these two chemically different processes has been accomplished through process innovations in the areas of sintering of PZT film, ion implantation in GaAs, interconnect metallization and patterning of this metallization. Successful operation of the nonvolatile memory cell has been demonstrated in a memory test circuit fabricated using this integrated process technology.
Phosphatidylinositol anchor of HeLa cell alkaline phosphatase (1987)

Alkaline phosphatase from cancer cells, HeLa TCRC-1, was biosynthetically labeled with either 3H-fatty acids or [3H]ethanolamine as analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography of immunoprecipitated material. Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) released a substantial proportion of the 3H-fatty acid label from immunoaffinity-purified alkaline phosphatase but had no effect on the radioactivity of [3H]ethanolamine-labeled material. PI-PLC also liberated catalytically active alkaline phosphatase from viable cells, and this could be selectively blocked by monoclonal antibodies to alkaline phosphatase. However, the alkaline phosphatase released from 3H-fatty acid labeled cells by PI-PLC was not radioactive. By contrast, treatment with bromelain removed both the 3H-fatty acid and the [3H]ethanolamine label from the purified alkaline phosphatase. Subtilisin was also able to remove the [3H]ethanolamine-labeled from purified alkaline phosphatase. The 3H radioactivity in alkaline phosphatase purified from [3H]ethanolamine-labeled cells comigrated with authentic [3H]ethanolamine by anion-exchange chromatography after acid hydrolysis. The data suggest that the 3H-fatty acid and [3H]ethanolamine are covalently attached to the carboxyl-terminal segment since bromelain and subtilisin both release alkaline phosphatase from the membrane by cleavage at that end of the polypeptide chain. The data are consistent with findings for other proteins recently shown to be anchored in the membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol structure and indicate that a similar structure contributes to the membrane anchoring of alkaline phosphatase.
Mosaics from MPEG-2 video (2003)

Construction of panoramic mosaics from video is well established in both the research and commercial communities, but current methods generally perform the time-consuming registration procedure entirely from the sequence's pixel data. Video sequences usually exist in compressed format, often MPEG-2; while specialized hardware and highly-optimized software can often quickly create accurate mosaics from a video sequence's pixels, these products do not make efficient use of all information available in a compressed video stream. In particular, MPEG video files generally contain significant information about global camera motion in their motion vectors. This paper describes how to exploit the motion vector information so that global motion can be estimated extremely quickly and accurately, which leads to accurate panoramic mosaics. The major obstacle in generating mosaics with this method is variable quality of MPEG motion vectors, both within a stream from a particular MPEG encoder and between streams compressed with different encoders. The paper discusses methods of robustly estimating global camera motion from the observed motion vectors, including the use of least absolute value estimators, variable model order for global camera motion, and motion vector weighting depending on their estimated accuracy. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm.
Building Web Services with Java: Making Sense of XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI (2nd Edition) (2004)

Sams has assembled a team of experts in web services to provide you with a detailed reference guide on XML, SOAP, USDL and UDDI. Building Web Services with Java is in its second edition and it includes the newest standards for managing security, transactions, reliability and interoperability in web service applications. Go beyond the explanations of standards and find out how and why these tools were designed as they are and focus on practical examples of each concept. Download your source code from the publisher's website and work with a running example of a full enterprise solution. Learn from the best in Building Web Services with Java.
Adsorption kinetics of charged thiols on gold nanoparticles (2004)

Colloidal Au nanoparticles have been functionalized with mercaptopropane sulfonate (MPS) and mercaptoethylamine (MEA) short alkanethiols in aqueous solutions. Adsorption kinetics of these charged thiols onto gold nanoparticles has been followed by the decrease in the surface plasmon band at 530 nm due to the red shift caused by particle-to-particle aggregation. Titration curves resulted from plotting the 530 and 800 nm-absorbance versus the added amount of thiol in solution, and yielded the mercaptane coverage on Au. While the adsorption of positively charged MEA on negatively charged Au colloid is very rapid, slower and more complex adsorption kinetics have been found for the negatively charged MPS.
A Study on the Character of America Animation (2005)

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 등록된 정보가 없습니다. AbstractⅠ. 서론Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰Ⅲ. 동물캐릭터의 의인화Ⅳ. 동물 캐릭터의 의인화 변화과정Ⅴ. 결론참고문헌
Plant population structure and productivity. (1970)

In many animal populations age distribution ha.~ been studied as a basic component of population structure. In plants, developmental plasticity and vegetative reproduction may mean that age distribution is less significant than size distribution, particularly in production processes occurring within populaJtions. Changes in size distribution with time and at different densities are discussed, with particular reference to herbaceous monocultures. The relationship between size distribution and 'productive structure' (layering) is considered and examples of the vertical profile of chlorophyll content have been taken from three herb communities. The effects of these population attributes on rates of mortality and turnover, gross production, net production and biomass are discussed and a graphic model is presented which relates aspects of production to density.