gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near Infrared Characterization of Hetero-Core Optical Fiber SPR Sensors Coated with Ta2O5 Film and Their Applications (2012)

This paper describes the characteristics of optical fiber sensors with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 1,310 nm in which the scattering loss of silica optical fiber is low. SPR operation in the infrared wavelength range is achieved by coating a thin tantalum pentaoxide (Ta(2)O(5)) film. The novelty of this paper lies in the verification of how the hetero-core scheme could be operated as a commercial base candidate in the sense of easy fabrication, sufficient mechanical strength, and significant sensitivity as a liquid detector under the basis of a low loss transmission network in the near infrared wavelength region. The effect of Ta(2)O(5) layer thickness has been experimentally revealed in the wavelength region extending to 1,800 nm by using the hetero-core structured optical fiber. SPR characterizations have been made in the wavelength region 1,000-1,300 nm, showing the feasible operation at the near infrared wavelength and the possible practical applications. In addition, the technique developed in this work has been interestingly applied to a multi-point water-detection and a water-level gauge in which tandem-connected SPR sensors system using hetero-core structured fibers were incorporated. The detailed performance characteristics are also shown on these applications.
Techniques For Mass Production Of Tunneling Electrodes (1993)

Techniques for mass production of tunneling electrodes developed from silicon-micromachining, lithographic patterning, and related microfabrication processes. Tunneling electrodes named because electrons travel between them by quantum-mechanical tunneling; tunneling electrodes integral parts of tunneling transducer/sensors, which act in conjunction with feedback circuitry to stabilize tunneling currents by maintaining electrode separations of order of 10 Angstrom. Essential parts of scanning tunneling microscopes and related instruments, and used as force and position transducers in novel microscopic accelerometers and infrared detectors.
Piceatannol-3'-O-β-<scp>D</scp>-glucopyranoside as an active component of rhubarb activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase through inhibition of arginase activity (2010)

Arginase competitively inhibits nitric oxide synthase (NOS) via use of the common substrate L-arginine. Arginase II has recently reported as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Here, we demonstrate that piceatannol-3'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (PG), a potent component of stilbenes, inhibits the activity of arginase I and II prepared from mouse liver and kidney lysates, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, incubation of PG markedly blocked arginase activity and increased NOx production, as measured by Griess assay. The PG effect was associated with increase of eNOS dimer ratio, although the protein levels of arginase II or eNOS were not changed. Furthermore, isolated mice aortic rings treated with PG showed inhibited arginase activity that resulted in increased nitric oxide (NO) production upto 78%, as measured using 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorescein (DAF-FM) and a decreased superoxide anions up to 63%, as measured using dihydroethidine (DHE) in the intact endothelium. PG showed IC((50)) value of 11.22 microM and 11.06 microM against arginase I and II, respectively. PG as an arginase inhibitor, therefore, represents a novel molecule for the therapy of cardiovascular diseases derived from endothelial dysfunction and may be used for the design of pharmaceutical compounds.
NEGOTIATION IN ELECTRONIC COMMERCE: INTEGRATING NEGOTIATION SUPPORT AND SOFTWARE AGENT TECHNOLOGIES 1 (1999)

Introduction The rapid adoption of the Internet as a commercial medium has brought a significant change to the traditional way business is conducted. In order to stay competitive many enterprises have established their presence on the virtual markets. (Applegate et al., 1996) identify three types of electronic commerce (e-commerce). The best known is customer-to-business, i.e., electronic shopping; it is widely discussed in both popular and scientific publications. The two other types, business-to-business and intra-organizational are less known, however, they have a significantly stronger impact on business organizations then the customers-to-business type. For example, the total 1998 revenue of U.S. retailers on the Internet is, according to Forrester Research, $7.8 billion and it is less than the total Internet sales of one corporation, Cisco Systems (Tedeshi, 1999). The total business-to-business Internet sales are estimated at $43 billion (op. cit.). Transactions conduced
Reactive landing of peptide ions on self-assembled monolayer surfaces: an alternative approach for covalent immobilization of peptides on surfaces (2008)

Soft landing of mass-selected peptide ions onto reactive self-assembled monolayer surfaces (SAMs) was performed using a newly constructed ion deposition apparatus. SAM surfaces before and after soft landing were characterized ex situ using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS). We demonstrate that reactive landing (RL) results in efficient covalent linking of lysine-containing peptides onto the SAM of N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester-terminated alkylthiol on gold (NHS-SAM). Systematic studies of the factors that affect the efficiency of RL revealed that the reaction takes place upon collision and is promoted by the kinetic energy of the ion. The efficiency of RL is maximized at ca. 40 eV collision energy. At high collision energies the RL efficiency decreases because of the competition with scattering of ions off the surface. The reaction yield is independent of the charge state of the projectile ions, suggesting that peptide ions undergo efficient neutralization upon collision. Chemical and physical properties of the SAM surface are also important factors that affect the outcome of RL. The presence of chemically reactive functional groups on the SAM surface significantly improves the reaction efficiency. RL of mass- and energy-selected peptide ions on surfaces provides a highly specific approach for covalent immobilization of biological molecules onto SAM surfaces.
Three-Dimensional Structure Determination of a Protein Supercomplex That Oxidizes Methane to Formaldehyde in <i>Methylococcus capsulatus</i> (Bath) (2006)

The oxidation of methane to methanol in methanotrophs is catalyzed by the enzyme methane monooxygenase (MMO). Two distinct forms of this enzyme exist, a soluble cytoplasmic MMO (sMMO) and a membrane-bound particulate form (pMMO). The active protein complex termed pMMO-C was purified recently from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath). The complex consists of pMMO hydroxylase and an additional component pMMO-R, which was proposed to be the reductase for the pMMO complex. Further study of this complex has led here to the proposal that the pMMO-R is in fact methanol dehydrogenase, the subsequent enzyme in the methane oxidation pathway by methanotrophs. We describe here the biochemical and biophysical characterization of a stable purified complex of pMMO hydroxylase (pMMO-H) with methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) and report the first three-dimensional (3D) structure, determined by cryoelectron microscopy and single particle analysis to approximately 16 A resolution. The 3D structure reported here provides the first insights into the supramolecular organization of pMMO with MDH. These studies of pMMO-MDH complexes have provided further understanding of the structural basis for the particular functions of the enzymes in this system which might also be of relevance to the complete process of methane oxidation by methanotrophs under high copper concentration in the environment.
Fractionation of L-fucose-containing oligosaccharides on immobilized Aleuria aurantia lectin. (1985)

The carbohydrate-binding specificity of Aleuria aurantia lectin was investigated by analyzing the behavior of a variety of fucose-containing oligosaccharides on an A. aurantia lectin-Sepharose column. Studies with complex-type oligosaccharides obtained from various glycoproteins by hydrazinolysis and their partial degradation fragments indicated that the presence of the alpha-fucosyl residue linked at the C-6 position of the proximal N-acetylglucosamine moiety is indispensable for binding to the lectin column. Binding was not affected by the structures of the outer chain moieties nor by the presence of the bisecting N-acetylglucosamine residue. These results indicated that A. aurantia lectin-Sepharose is useful for the group separation of mixtures of complex-type asparagine-linked sugar chains. Studies of glycosylated Bence Jones proteins indicated that this procedure is also applicable to intact glycoproteins. The behavior of oligosaccharides isolated from human milk and the urine of patients with fucosidosis indicated that the oligosaccharides with Fuc alpha 1----2Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc and Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc groups interact with the lectin, but less strongly than complex-type sugar chains with a fucosylated core. Lacto-N-fucopentaitol II, which has a Gal beta 1----3(Fuc alpha 1----4)GlcNAc group, interacts less strongly than the above two groups with the matrix. Oligosaccharides with Fuc alpha 1----2Gal beta 1----3GlcNAc and Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc groups showed almost no interaction with the matrix.
Photoperiodism in Japanese quail: the termination of seasonal breeding by photorefractoriness (1982)

Abstract The photoperiodic mechanisms underlying seasonal breeding in male Japanese quail change their characteristics annually, with the result that reproduction is terminated in the late summer rather than the autumn. The reproductive cycle was studied in 4 successive years to determine the critical daylengths for reproductive induction in spring, and for its termination in late summer. In spring luteinizing hormone levels first rise when the daylength has reached 11.9 h but in late summer the first signs of a decrease are detectable when the photoperiod has decreased to 14.7 h and levels are basal when it has reached about 14 h. Thus, quail appear to have evolved a refractoriness to daylengths in late summer that were maximally stimulatory earlier in the year. However, quail are not photorefractory in the ‘classic’ sense as they remain continuously in breeding if held on unchanging long days and can be photostimulated at any time of the year by daylengths in excess of 16 h light:8 h darkness. Their particular form of refractoriness seems to involve a seasonal shift in the critical daylength. Refractoriness can be induced in quail held in the laboratory under a simulated annual photocycle, and, more importantly, it develops in birds exposed to long daylengths of a fixed duration. For example, quail exposed to 20 h light:4 h darkness show a shift in the critical daylength from approximately 12 to 15 h over a period of about 2 months. The time course over which the shift occurs is intriguing and can explain the responses under natural photoperiods. Under fixed daylengths the critical daylength that induces regression depends upon the duration of the stimulatory photoperiod. Female quail also develop refractoriness. The evolution of refractoriness does not depend upon the activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and develops in castrated quail as well as in birds implanted with androgens. Castrated quail show annual cycles in gonadotrophin secretion indistinguishable in timing from those in intact birds. Such results suggest that the physiological basis of refractoriness lies either in the neural circuits regulating neurohormone secretion or in the photoperiodic clock mechanism itself.
Building a case-based help desk application (1993)

Call-tracking databases can be valuable on-line resources for help desk personnel, who must respond to problems quickly and accurately, and avoid "reinventing the wheel." This article looks at building a case-based help desk system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Highly Efficient, Large Volume Flow Electroporation (2002)

Electroporation is widely used to transfect and load cells with various molecules. Traditional electroporation using a static mode is typically restricted to volumes less than 1 mL, which limits its use in clinical and industrial bioprocessing applications. Here we report efficient, large volume transfection results by using a scalable-volume electroporation system. Suspended (Jurkat) and adherent cells (10T1/2 and Huh-7) were tested. A large macromolecule, FITC-conjugated dextran (MW=500 kD) was used to measure cell uptake, while a plasmid carrying the gene coding for enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) was used to quantitate the flow electrotransfection efficiency as determined by flow cytometry. The flow electroloading efficiency of FITC-dextran was >90%, while the cell viability was highly maintained (>90%). High flow electrotransfection efficiency (up to 75%) and cell viability (up to 90%) were obtained with processing volumes ranging from 1.5 to 50 mL. No significant difference of electrotransfection efficiency was observed between flow and static electrotransfection. When 50 mL of cell volume was processed and samples collected at different time points during electroporation, the transgene expression and cell viability results were identical. We also demonstrated that DNA plasmid containing EBNA1-OriP elements from Epstein-Barr virus were more efficient in transgene expression than standard plasmid without the elements (at least 500 too 1000-fold increase in expression level). Finally, to examine the feasibility of utilizing flow electrotransfected cells as a gene delivery vehicle, 10T1/2 cells were transfected with a DNA plasmid containing the gene coding for mIL12. mIL12 transfected cells were injected subcutaneously into mice, and produced functional mIL12, as demonstrated by anti-angiogenic activity. This is the first demonstration of efficient, large volume, flow electroporation and the in vivo efficacy of flow electrotransfected cells. This technology may be useful for clinical gene therapy and large-scale bioprocesses.
Power and energy reduction via pipeline balancing (2001)

Minimizing power dissipation is an important design requirement for both portable and non-portable systems. In this work, we propose an architectural solution to the power problem that retains performance while reducing power. The technique, known as Pipeline Balancing (PLB), dynamically tunes the resources of a general purpose processor to the needs of the program by monitoring performance within each program. We analyze metrics for triggering PLB, and detail instruction queue design and energy savings based on an extension of the Alpha 21264 processor. Using a detailed simulator, we present component and full chip power and energy savings for single and multi-threaded execution. Results show an issue queue and execution unit power reduction of up to 23% and 13%, respectively, with an average performance loss of 1% to 2% .
Nutritional Antioxidants Mechanisms of Action, Analyses of Activities and Medical Applications (2001)

The important role of dietary antioxidants in maintaining the integrity of living organisms is gaining ever-increasing recognition. New data are constantly gathered to show the role of oxidative stress and the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases. These diseases are associated with a disturbance in the necessary balance between oxidation and reduction status in blood and tissues, leading to oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Such oxidative damage is accompanied by changes in macromolcules structure and function and by the manifestation of clinical disorders such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Hence, widespread research is being conducted aiming to investigate the possible effects and mechanisms of action of dietary antioxidants in these diseases. The present review focuses on the types of the various natural antioxidants, their tissue distribution, bio-availability, mechanisms of actions and therapeutical applications. Antioxidants may exert their effect on biological systems by different mechanisms including electron donation (as reducing agents), metal ion chelation (thereby eliminating potential free radicals), sparing of antioxidants (co-antioxidants) or by genes expression regulation. The various methods currently in use for determination of antioxidant activities and the role of antioxidants in the management of human diseases are discussed. Keywords: Nutritional Antioxidants, oxidative stress, antioxidants, Glutathione peroxidase, free radical scavenging property, tocopherols, polyphenol metabolism, propagation steps, arachidonic acids, polyunsaturated lipids, chelate transition metal ions, Quantum chemical calculation, lipophilic species, allylic methylene group, spectrophotometrically
Occult primary ovarian cancer? (2012)

We read Wu and colleagues’ report, entitled “Metastatic adenocarcinoma of left supraclavicular fossa from occult primary ovarian cancer”, with interest [1]. This research letter showed that a healthy 53-year-old menopausal woman presented with an 8-cm mass in the left supraclavicular fossa underwent a biopsy, with a diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma. A series of examinations, including panendoscopy, nasolaryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, gastroenteroscopy, and imaging studies for primary malignancy, demonstrated only lymphadenopathy in the left axillary region to supraclavicular region [1]. Finally, abdominal computed tomography showed a larger than 10-cm right pelvic mass. Exploratory laparotomy showed papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma with omentum cake and enlarged pelvic lymph nodes. We really sympathize with this patient who had to undergo all these examinations, especially bronchoscopy. We believe that metastatic adenocarcinoma of an unknown origin is a big challenge to both physician and patient [2], since diagnosing the organ of origin is often difficult, and identification of the primary tumor in patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma has a profound impact on the clinical outcomes. However, we have one question about this case report. Since, in this patient, pelvic tumor was large (up to 10 cm) with omental caking during the operation, we guessed that the patient should have had massive ascites. We would appreciate if the authors can respond to this question. In addition, would the authors kindly comment on the physical examinations this patient underwent when the metastatic adenocarcinoma of left supraclavicular fossa was made, even though we fully understand that the authors might not have taken care of this patient at the first glance? It is relatively unbelievable that no abnormality could be found in a patient with such an
Thin organic photoconductive film image sensors with extremely high saturation of 8500 electrons/µm 2 (2013)

We have developed an image sensor with thin organic photoconductive film (OPF) laminated on CMOS circuits. Owing to high capacity of a charge storage node, the saturation level is 12 dB higher than those of conventional image sensors. Because of the very thinness of the laminated film, i.e. 0.5 μm, the device is crosstalk-free and an incident light angle of over 30 degrees is realized.
Modification of DNA by glucose 6-phosphate induces DNA rearrangements in an Escherichia coli plasmid. (1985)

Reducing sugars such as glucose or glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) have been shown previously to modify the amino groups of nucleotides and single-stranded DNA. We have examined the mutagenic effect of Glc-6-P-induced lesions in the double-stranded DNA plasmid pBR322. Seventeen mutants of the Ampr Tets phenotype were isolated from plasmid preparations whose transforming capacity had been decreased by incubation with Glc-6-P. A number of the mutant plasmids were found to have undergone gross DNA alterations, including insertions and deletions, as well as the development of multiple species originating from a single cell. The ability of an endogenous reducing sugar to induce extensive DNA rearrangements suggests that these lesions may be significant contributors to cellular mutation.
Dynamic curvature path tracking control for autonomous vehicle: Experimental results (2014)

This paper discusses a new path tracking controller strategy for autonomous vehicle. Preliminary works done by researchers shows that most of the controller performs well in a straight path and normal curve. However, the problem arises in tight curve or discontinuous path. Therefore, this work aims to reduce the gap on the tight corner problem. The controller is designed based on the dynamic curvature estimation to predict the path condition and modify the wheel speed and steering wheel angle accordingly. In this technique, the curvature estimation algorithm is presented as a required input to the controller. The curvature estimation allows the vehicle to react based on the curvature profile and threshold region detection. The comparison is made based on three different path types. The experimental results on the autonomous prototype platform are discussed to show the effectiveness of the controller.
Design of microwave components in groove gap waveguide technology implemented by holey EBG (2017)

In this paper, the feasibility of the implementation of microwave components in groove gap waveguide technology by glide-symmetry holey EBG is discussed. Using this technology, microwave components and antennas which were previously designed for hollow metallic waveguides can be manufactured in a cost-effective way at high frequencies. To show the viability of the proposed solution a phase shifter and a mode converter are designed as examples of typical components for antenna systems.
Design and synthesis of molecular turnstiles. (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and synthesis of molecular turnstiles.Thomas C. Bedard and Jeffrey S. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 43, 10662–10671Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00148a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00148a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2271Altmetric-Citations293LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts