gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 Tat Is a Natively Unfolded Protein (2006)

Tat (transactivator of transcription) is a small RNA-binding protein that plays a central role in the regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication and in approaches to treating latently infected cells. Its interactions with a wide variety of both intracellular and extracellular molecules is well documented. A molecular understanding of the multitude of Tat activities requires a determination of its structure and interactions with cellular and viral partners. To increase the dispersion of NMR signals and permit dynamics analysis by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, we have prepared uniformly 15N- and 15N/13C-labeled Tat-(1-72) protein. The cysteine-rich protein is unambiguously reduced at pH 4.1, and NMR chemical shifts and coupling constants suggest that it exists in a random coil conformation. Line broadening and multiple peaks in the Cys-rich and core regions suggest that transient folding occurs in two of the five sequence domains. NMR relaxation parameters were measured and analyzed by spectral density and Lipari-Szabo approaches, both confirming the lack of structure throughout the length of the molecule. The absence of a fixed conformation and the observation of fast dynamics are consistent with the ability of Tat protein to interact with a wide variety of proteins and nucleic acid and support the concept of a natively unfolded protein.
Prolonged discordant xenograft survival by inhibition of the intrinsic coagulation pathway in complement C6-deficient recipients. (1998)

We conclude that in vivo inhibition of the intrinsic clotting cascade by functional inactivation of factor XIIa has a synergistic effect with inhibition of membrane attack complex formation in preventing hyperacute discordant xenograft rejection.
Extended Culture of Mouse Embryo Cells Without Senescence: Inhibition by Serum (1987)

Mouse embryo cells cultured in vitro in serum-supplemented media undergo growth crisis, resulting in the loss of genomically normal cells prior to the appearance of established, aneuploid cell lines. Mouse embryo cells established and maintained for multiple passages in the absence of serum did not exhibit growth crisis or gross chromosomal aberration. Cells cultured under these conditions were dependent on epidermal growth factor for survival. Proliferation was reversibly inhibited by serum or platelet-free plasma, suggesting that mouse embryo cultures maintained by conventional procedures are under the influence of inhibitory factors.
Immunological significance of Mycobacterium leprae cell walls. (1988)

Cell walls of Mycobacterium leprae, prepared by differential solvent extraction, were shown to contain arabinogalactan, mycolates, and peptidoglycan. In addition, amino acid analysis revealed the unexpected presence of large amounts of protein that retained potent immunological reactivity. Purified cell walls stimulated proliferation of T cells from tuberculoid, but not from lepromatous leprosy, patients and elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reactions in guinea pigs and patients sensitized to M. leprae. Analysis of the precursor frequency of antigen-reactive human peripheral T cells revealed that as many cells (approximately equal to 1/6000) proliferate to antigen contained in cell walls as to intact M. leprae. Sequential removal of mycolates and arabinogalactan resulted in a large peptidoglycan-protein complex that retained all the immunological activity. This immunological reactivity and the inherent protein were destroyed by proteolysis. Thus, cell wall protein is a major contributor to cell-mediated immune reactivity to this pathogenic mycobacterium.
A Smalltalk/V VLSI CAD application (1991)

The purpose of the work described was to explore the utility of the Smalltalk/V object-oriented language in prototyping an application that would form just one module of a potentially much more extensive and complex system, a complete VLSI design system. The author also wanted to investigate issues arising from the fact that the application itself and the development methodology would have to anticipate the integration of a series of processes that would extend both up- and downstream; for example, logical and functional design stages, circuit synthesis and testing etc. Others have applied OOP to logic circuit design and to logic simulation. Here OOP is applied to the physical layout of the mask-level geometrical entities that go to make up the silicon realisation of an IC design. >
First-principles study for low-spin<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>LaCoO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>with a structurally consistent Hubbard<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>U</mml:mi></mml:math> (2009)

In this paper, we use the local density $\text{approximation}+\text{Hubbard}$ $U$ method to calculate the structural and electronic properties of low-spin ${\text{LaCoO}}_{3}$. The Hubbard $U$ is obtained by first principles and consistent with each fully optimized atomic structure at different pressures. With structurally consistent $U$, the fully optimized atomic structure agrees with experimental data better than the calculations with fixed or vanishing $U$. A discussion on how the Hubbard $U$ affects the electronic and atomic structures of ${\text{LaCoO}}_{3}$ is also given.
<scp>l</scp>‐Arginine fails to protect against myocardial remodelling in<scp>l</scp>‐NAME‐induced hypertension (2005)

We conclude that L-arginine failed to prevent hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis development despite restoration of nitric oxide synthase activity in the left ventricle. However, L-arginine prevented the diminution of coenzyme Q levels in the left ventricle.
<title>Geolocation of multiple emitters in the presence of clutter</title> (2004)

In geolocating by time difference of arrival (TDOA), an array of sensors at known locations receive the signal from an emitter whose location is to be estimated. Signals received at two sensors are used to obtain the TDOA measurement. A number of algorithms are available to solve the set of nonlinear TDOA equations whose solution is the emitter location. An implicit assumption in these algorithms is that all the measurements obtained are from a single emitter. In practice, however, one has to deal with measurement origin uncertainty, which is a result of either multiple emitters being present in the region of interest, or clutter returns. In this paper, a method to determine the location of multiple emitters in a cluttered environment is presented. Several unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are assumed as receivers of the electromagnetic emission from the emitter. Emissions received by different UAVs are used to obtain the TDOAs. Using a constrained optimization procedure, measurement-to-emitter associations are determined. Then, the resulting nonlinear equations are solved to find the emitter locations. An Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator is used to track the located sources and to obtain their motion parameters.
Meshed split skin graft for extensive vitiligo. (2007)

A 30 year old female presented with generalized stable vitiligo involving large areas of the body. Since large areas were to be treated it was decided to do meshed split skin graft. A phototoxic blister over recipient site was induced by applying 8 MOP solution followed by exposure to UVA. The split skin graft was harvested from donor area by Padgett dermatome which was meshed by an ampligreffe to increase the size of the graft by 4 times. Significant pigmentation of the depigmented skin was seen after 5 months. This procedure helps to cover large recipient areas, when pigmented donor skin is limited with minimal risk of scarring. Phototoxic blister enables easy separation of epidermis thus saving time required for dermabrasion from recipient site.
A combined approach to demand prediction (water supply) (1990)

As the technological level of control and monitoring of water supply networks increases, so the requirement for accurate information to facilitate the efficient operation/optimisation of such networks also increases. The availability of accurate short term demand forecasts is one such requirement and this paper deals with a combined mathematical and knowledge based approach to providing such forecasts.
Dual role of glycine as a chemical functionalizer and a reducing agent in the preparation of graphene: an environmentally friendly method (2012)

Here we report a simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach towards the reduction of graphite oxide using glycine as both a chemical functionalizer and a reducing agent. The reduction could occur under mild conditions and the as-produced graphene sheets show impressive crystalline behavior and admirable aqueous dispersibility without employing any external stabilizing reagents. Formation of graphene has been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis reveals the successful removal of oxygen moieties upon reduction using glycine. The method is cost-effective and presents an alternative route to produce large-scale, reduced graphite oxide nanosheets.
The Large Electrochemical Capacitance of Microporous Doped Carbon Obtained by Using a Zeolite Template (2007)

Abstract A novel microporous templated carbon material doped with nitrogen is synthesized by using a two‐step nanocasting process using acrylonitrile (AN) and propylene as precursors, and Na–Y zeolite as a scaffold. Liquid‐phase impregnation and in situ polymerization of the nitrogenated precursor inside the nanochannels of the inorganic scaffold, followed by gas‐phase impregnation with propylene, enables pore‐size control and functionality tuning of the resulting carbon material. The material thereby obtained has a narrow pore‐size distribution (PSD), within the micropore range, and a large amount of heteroatoms (i.e., oxygen and nitrogen). In addition, the carbon material inherits the ordered structure of the inorganic host. Such features simultaneously present in the carbon result in it being ideal for use as an electrode in a supercapacitor. Although presenting a moderately developed specific surface area ( S BET = 1680 m 2 g –1 ), the templated carbon material displays a large gravimetric capacitance (340 F g –1 ) in aqueous media because of the combined electrochemical activity of the heteroatoms and the accessible porosity. This material can operate at 1.2 V in an aqueous medium with good cycleability—‐beyond 10 000 cycles—and is extremely promising for use in the development of high‐energy‐density supercapacitors.
Self-organizing binary search trees (1976)

We consider heuristics which attempt to maintain a binary search tree in a near optimal form, assuming that elements are requested with fixed, but unknown, independent probabilities. A "move to root" heuristic is shown to yield an expected search time within a constant factor of that of an optimal static binary search tree. On the other hand, a closely related "simple exchange" technique is shown not to have this property. The rate of convergence of the "move to root" heuristic is discussed. We also consider the more general case in which elements not in the tree may have non-zero probability of being requested.
Two-mirror multipass absorption cell (1981)

A multipass cell for absorption measurements with laser light is described. The number of passes is adjusted by variation of the distance of two parallel concave mirrors. The position and direction of the exit beam do not change when the path length is varied. A cell of 1-m length was used for infrared absorption measurements with an effective path length between 3 and 150 m.
Reduction of matrix effects with a soluble organic acid in the carbon furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of cobalt, copper, and manganese in sea water (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of matrix effects with a soluble organic acid in the carbon furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of cobalt, copper, and manganese in sea waterDavid J. HydesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 6, 959–963Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50056a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50056a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nucleotide sequence of the<i>Corynebacterium glutamicum trpE</i>gene (1990)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of the Corynebacterium glutamicum trpE gene Get access D.M. Heery, D.M. Heery Department of Microbiology, University College GalwayIreland * Present address: Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS, Unité 184 de I'INSERM, Institut de Chimie Biologique, 11, rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L.K. Dunican L.K. Dunican Department of Microbiology, University College GalwayIreland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 23, 1 December 1990, Page 7138, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.23.7138 Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Published: 01 January 1990 Received: 31 October 1990
Othello and the 'Tragedy of Situation' (1971)

Othello and the ‘Tragedy of Situation’ Get access Peter G. Mudford Peter G. Mudford Lecturer in English, Birkbeck College, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 20, Issue 106, Spring 1971, Pages 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/20.106.1 Published: 01 March 1971
Cyanovirin-N potently inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in cellular and cervical explant models (2008)

In the absence of a protective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there is an urgent need for the development of effective topical microbicides to prevent HIV infection. Candidate vaginal microbicides should provide protection against circulating strains, be cheap, stable on storage, safe and easy to use. Here we describe a detailed study of the safety and efficacy of Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) in vitro, and in an ex vivo model of female genital tissue explants. CV-N demonstrated potent activity in the low nanomolar range against laboratory and primary isolates. Activity was related to the affinity of CV-N for binding to whole virions as determined by acoustic resonance. Potent activity was also observed against cell-associated HIV-1, although slightly reduced. CV-N activity in the presence of whole semen was reduced by 7-10-fold, although it remained in the low nanomolar range and was minimally modified by the presence of Candida albicans. Furthermore, CV-N potently inhibited infection of ectocervical explants and virus dissemination by tissue-emigrating cells. In peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) assays, CV-N was shown to have some mitogenic activity following 3 days exposure to compound, and this was associated with a modest increase in expression of gamma interferon, stromal cell-derived factor 1beta and interleukin 4. However, 2 h exposure to CV-N had no effect on cytokine expression in PBMC or tissue explant culture over a 24 h period, suggesting that the potential for inflammation is low. Data presented here indicate that targeting HIV envelope glycoproteins may provide an effective strategy to prevent HIV-1 infection mediated by either cell-free virus or infected cells.
mRNA Expression and BRAF Mutation in Circulating Melanoma Cells Isolated from Peripheral Blood with High Molecular Weight Melanoma-Associated Antigen-Specific Monoclonal Antibody Beads (2009)

The assay of bead capture coupled with the PCR has utility for assessing CTCs in melanoma patients, which can then be characterized for both genomic and transcriptome expression.
THP-1 Cell Apoptosis in Response to Mycobacterial Infection (2002)

We previously reported that Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection primes human alveolar macrophages (HAM) for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-mediated apoptosis and that macrophage apoptosis is associated with killing internalized bacilli. Virulent mycobacterial strains elicit much less apoptosis than attenuated strains, implying that apoptosis is a defense against intracellular infection. The present study evaluated the potential for phorbol myristate acetate-differentiated THP-1 cells to mimic this response of primary macrophages. Consistent with the behavior of alveolar macrophages, attenuated M. tuberculosis H37Ra and Mycobacterium bovis BCG strongly induce THP-1 apoptosis, which requires endogenous TNF. THP-1 apoptosis is associated with reduced viability of infecting BCG. In contrast, virulent wild-type M. tuberculosis H37Rv and M. bovis do not increase THP-1 apoptosis over baseline. BCG induced early activation of caspase 10 and 9, followed by caspase 3. In contrast, wild-type M. bovis infection failed to activate any caspases in THP-1 cells. BCG-induced THP-1 apoptosis is blocked by retroviral transduction with vectors expressing crmA but not bcl-2. We conclude that differentiated THP-1 cells faithfully model the apoptosis response of HAM. Analysis of the THP-1 cell response to infection with virulent mycobacteria suggests that TNF death signals are blocked proximal to initiator caspase activation, at the level of TNF receptor 1 or its associated intracytoplasmic adaptor complex. Interference with TNF death signaling may be a virulence mechanism that allows M. tuberculosis to circumvent innate defenses leading to apoptosis of infected host cells.
Microwave system for breast tumor detection (1999)

A preliminary numerical analysis of a system for breast tumor detection, amenable to practical implementation, is described. The general idea was previously introduced and relies on ultrawide-band radar and confocal imaging. The system consists of an array of small antennas placed away from the breast. Simulations of each antenna in the array are performed with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. A tumor detection algorithm is applied to the data, incorporating skin return subtraction to enhance tumor returns.
Innovative Circuit Board Level Routing Designs for BGA Packages (2004)

Advances in the performance of electronic devices have resulted in high input/output counts both at the chip and the package level, which has led to the development of new packaging technologies that can accommodate these high counts. This paper presents and analyzes a novel method for the placement of ball grid array (BGA) bonding pads and routing wires on printed circuit boards to maximize signal density, which ultimately reduces the number of circuit board layers needed for routing. This method has been termed as the "balls shifted as needed" method and all the ball placement/trace routing designs shown in this paper are based on this method. We also present a performance metric defined as the number of balls routed out divided by the area of package footprint on the circuit board, and we compare various placement/routing schemes using this method.
Fiber-degrading enzyme increases body weight and total serum cholesterol in broiler chickens fed a rye-based diet. (1994)

Broiler chickens were fed diets based on either outer or inner endosperm from rye. These diets were fed with or without a fiber degrading enzyme to study the effects of the dietary fiber fraction on production results, body composition, serum lipid concentrations and apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients. Elimination of the dietary fiber effect by the enzyme generally improved the production results and caused an increase in total serum cholesterol concentrations. On average, at d 21 of the experiment chickens fed the enzyme supplemented outer endosperm diet had body weights and serum total cholesterol concentrations -23% and 37% higher, respectively, than those of birds fed the corresponding unsupplemented diet. The body fat content tended to be higher and the protein content was generally lower in chickens fed enzyme-supplemented diets. Chickens fed the unsupplemented outer endosperm diet had a low apparent ileal crude fat digestibility of only 23%, and birds fed the enzyme-supplemented diet had crude fat digestibility that was 113% higher but still lower than that of birds fed the inner endosperm diet. Birds fed enzyme-supplemented diets generally had higher apparent ileal digestibilities of organic matter, crude protein, starch, crude fat and dietary fiber components.
Prevention of noncontact ACL injuries (2001)

This important work will help you understand: the epidemiology of noncontact ACL injuries; risk factors for injuries; the at-risk athlete; neuromuscular prevention programs; their influence on injury rates. Supported by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, the National Athletic Trainers Association Research and Education Foundation, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, and the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation.
The effect of replication errors on the mismatch analysis of PCR-amplified DNA (1990)

The mismatch analysis of PCR-amplified DNA has generally assumed the absence of artificially introduced base substitutions in a significant proportion of the amplification product. This technique, however, differs from the direct sequencing of amplified DNA in that non-specific substitutions will render a molecule useless in analysis. The expected signal-to-noise ratio is heavily influenced by several parameters viz. initial template copy number, number of replication cycles, eventual product yield and the type of experimental system adopted. Mathematical modelling can be used to optimize fragment length with respect to the method applied and suggests as yet undescribed improvements such as partial modification or cleavage to optimize signal detection.
Spacecraft design-for-demise strategy, analysis and impact on low earth orbit space missions (2008)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009.