gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Helical Water Chain Mediated Proton Conductivity in Homochiral Metal–Organic Frameworks with Unprecedented Zeolitic <i>unh</i>-Topology (2011)

Four new homochiral metal-organic framework (MOF) isomers, [Zn(l-L(Cl))(Cl)](H(2)O)(2) (1), [Zn(l-L(Br))(Br)](H(2)O)(2) (2), [Zn(d-L(Cl))(Cl)](H(2)O)(2) (3), and [Zn(d-L(Br))(Br)](H(2)O)(2) (4) [L = 3-methyl-2-(pyridin-4-ylmethylamino)butanoic acid], have been synthesized by using a derivative of L-/D-valine and Zn(CH(3)COO)(2)·2H(2)O. A three-periodic lattice with a parallel 1D helical channel was formed along the crystallographic c-axis. Molecular rearrangement results in an unprecedented zeolitic unh-topology in 1-4. In each case, two lattice water molecules (one H-bonded to halogen atoms) form a secondary helical continuous water chain inside the molecular helix. MOFs 1 and 2 shows different water adsorption properties and hence different water affinity. The arrangement of water molecules inside the channel was monitored by variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which indicated that MOF 1 has a higher water holding capacity than MOF 2. In MOF 1, water escapes at 80 °C, while in 2 the same happens at a much lower temperature (∼40 °C). All the MOFs reported here shows reversible crystallization by readily reabsorbing moisture. In MOFs 1 and 2, the frameworks are stable after solvent removal, which is confirmed by a single-crystal to single-crystal transformation. MOFs 1 and 3 show high proton conductivity of 4.45 × 10(-5) and 4.42 × 10(-5) S cm(-1), respectively, while 2 and 4 shows zero proton conductivity. The above result is attributed to the fact that MOF 1 has a higher water holding capacity than MOF 2.
DFT-based hybrid antenna selection schemes for spatially correlated MIMO channels (2004)

We address the antenna subset selection problem in spatially correlated MIMO channels. To reduce the severe performance degradation of the traditional antenna selection scheme in correlated channels, we propose to embed DFT operations in the RF chains. The resulting system shows a significant advantage both for diversity schemes and for the capacity of spatial multiplexing, while requiring only a minor hardware overhead.
Polysulfone Capillary Fiber for Intraocular Drug Delivery: In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluations (1994)

Studies were conducted to investigate the usefulness of polysulfone capillary fiber (PCF) as a drug delivery device for intraocular applications. Carboxyfluorescein (CF) was used as a model drug to prepare PCF-dye devices for both in vitro and in vivo kinetic studies. For the in vitro study, PCF-CF devices were incubated in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 at 37 degrees C, and CF release was quantified at various times up to 5 weeks. In vitro results indicated a bi-phasic, sustained-release profile of CF from the PCF device for over 30 days. PCF-CF devices released 5% and 10% of their initial CF contents by the first and second day following incubation, respectively. By 10 days after incubation, approximately 50% of the dye content was released from the PCF-CF devices. The rate of dye release decreased thereafter, such that 65% and 90% of CF was released by 17 and 28 days after incubation, respectively. In a subsequent study, the in vivo kinetics of the PCF-CF device were determined in the rabbit eye. PCF-dye devices were prepared with the following CF formulations: 1) microsphere-incorporated CF; 2) lyophilized liposome-encapsulated CF; or 3) micronized CF powder. A PCF-dye device was implanted in the vitreous cavity, and fluorophotometry from the retina to the anterior chamber was performed at various times up to 45 days to quantify fluorescein level. At the conclusion of the study, eyes were enucleated and examined for histopathology. The time-course study showed fluorescein level for up to 45 days in the vitreous. The midvitreous concentration-time profile indicated a CF t1/2 of 10 and 30 days for the PCF-CF powder and PCF-CF liposome preparation, respectively. In contrast, the PCF device prepared with microsphere-incorporated CF showed fluorescein level with a t1/2 of less than one week in the vitreous. Histological examination of the eyes implanted with PCF or PCF-dye device showed no sign of ocular toxicity. Collectively, these results indicated that the PCF device is biocompatible and may be useful for the extended release of drugs in the posterior segment of the eye.
Toward optimal assignment of human functions in complex defense systems via uniform object modeling and real-time simulation (2002)

The view of a complex real-time computer-based application system as one in which not only automated machine components are embedded but also human servers, especially those who perform time-sensitive tasks in close interaction with machine components, are "embedded" as components, is adopted. Efforts for optimal scheduling of executing components can then be applied not only to the machine components but also to embedded human operators, preferably in a uniform integrated fashion. The notion of the risk incursion function (RIF) introduced earlier by the authors is advocated as the guide for optimal allocation of both machine and human resources. Also, an approach to uniform representation of application environments, machine functions and components, and human functions and components in the form of a uniform network of real-time objects is advocated.
Utility of perioperative B-type natriuretic peptide in off-pump bypass surgery (2014)

Background and Aims: This study was performed to determine clinical relevance of perioperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: 145 consecutive patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting during 8-month period were enrolled in this study. The relationship between the plasma BNP and various clinical parameters was examined. Postoperatively their main clinical endpoints including requirement of mechanical ventilator support, length of intensive care unit stay and hospital stay was closely monitored. Results: Mean preoperative BNP levels were significantly higher in patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction was less than 0.50 (P<0.00083), and New York Heart Association class (III, IV) (P<0.02). The determinants of preoperative higher level of BNP can be related to the advanced age of the patients, r=0.387 (P<0.01) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter, r=0.200 (P<0.05). Postoperative 12-hour BNP correlated significantly with the duration of mechanical ventilation, rho=0.84 (P<0.05), and postoperative hospital stay for 10 days or more, rho=0.202 (P<0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between 12-hour BNP and the requirement of mechanical ventilation, Wald=3.956 (P<0.049, 95% CI_1.023- 20.476). Conclusion: Plasma BNP concentration is a valuable biochemical marker, is easy to measure and can effectively predict postoperative outcome in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Baseline BNP had strong correlation with the age and ventricular function of the patient. Postoperatively, elevated 12-hour BNP indicated prolonged ventilation and longer duration of hospital stay. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v11i1.10977 Nepalese Heart Journal 2014;11(1): 19-25
RAGE-mediated neutrophil dysfunction is evoked by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (2002)

The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the tissue and serum of subjects with diabetes has been linked to the pathogenesis of vascular complications. Because diabetes may be also complicated by increased susceptibility to recurrent infection, we investigated the effects of AGEs on human neutrophils, because their burst of activity immediately upon engagement of pathogens or other inflammatory triggers is critical to host response. We demonstrate the presence of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) at the message and protein levels. We also demonstrate that AGE albumin (but not control albumin) binds with high affinity to human neutrophils (K(d) of 3.7 +/- 0.4 nM). The binding was blocked almost completely by excess soluble RAGE, anti-RAGE antibodies, or antibodies to CML-modified albumin. AGE albumin induced a dose-dependent increase in intracellular-free calcium as well as actin polymerization. Further, AGE albumin inhibited transendothelial migration and Staphylococcus aureus-induced but not fMLP-induced production of reactive oxygen metabolite. Moreover, although AGE albumin enhanced neutrophil phagocytosis of S. aureus, it inhibited bacterial killing. We conclude that functional RAGE is present on the plasma membrane of human neutrophils and is linked to Ca(2)(+) and actin polymerization, and engagement of RAGE impairs neutrophil functions.
Effect of different sampling rates and feature vector sizes on speech recognition performance (2002)

We conduct a systematic study to evaluate the effect of the sampling rate and feature vector size on the performance of a hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech recognizer. We investigate the use of the following two types of features: linear prediction (LP) derived cepstral coefficients (LPCC) and Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC). We demonstrate that for the LPCC front-end, the optimum sampling rate and feature vector size are 12 kHz and 14, respectively. We also show that for different sampling rates, the accuracy peaks at different sizes of the feature vector. For the MFCC front-end, the optimum feature vector size and sampling rate are 14 and 14 kHz, respectively.
Advancements in the Structural Stiffness and Damping of a Large Compliant Foil Journal Bearing: An Experimental Study (2004)

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation into the dynamic structural stiffness and damping characteristics of a 21.6‐cm(8.5in.)-diameter compliant surface foil journal bearing. The goal of this development was to achieve high levels of damping without the use of oil, as is used in squeeze film dampers, while maintaining a nearly constant dynamic stiffness over a range of frequencies and amplitudes of motion. In the experimental work described herein, a full compliant foil bearing was designed, fabricated, and tested. The test facility included a non-rotating journal located inside the bearing. The journal was connected to an electrodynamic shaker so that dynamic forces simulating expected operating conditions could be applied to the structurally compliant bump foil elements. Excitation test frequencies to a maximum of 400Hz at amplitudes of motion between 25.4 and 102μm were applied to the damper assembly. During testing, both compressive preload and unidirectional static loads of up to 1335 and 445N, respectively, were applied to the damper assembly. The experimental data from these tests were analyzed using both a single degree of freedom model and an energy method. These methods of data analysis are reviewed here and results are compared. Excellent agreement in results obtained from the two methods was achieved. Equivalent viscous damping coefficients as high as 1050N.s∕cm(600lbf.s∕in) were obtained at low frequencies. Dynamic stiffness was shown to be fairly constant with frequency.
Three-dimensional analysis of electrical capacitance tomography sensing fields (1999)

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensors can be categorized into three groups according to their axial guard electrode design, i.e. type 1, with earthed ring guards; type 2, with driven segmented guards; and type 3, without guards. In this paper, the sensing fields of the above three types of ECT sensor are analysed using a three-dimensional (3D) finite element method. Results show that for the same set of measurement electrodes, the 3D sensitivity distributions of different types of ECT sensor are very different - type 1 possesses the narrowest sensing space in the axial direction and type 2 the widest. These results are confirmed by the reconstructed images. The errors caused by approximating ECT sensing fields with 2D electric fields are also compared among these three types of ECT sensor.
Driver Behavior Profiling Using Smartphones: A Low-Cost Platform for Driver Monitoring (2015)

Today's smartphones and mobile devices typically embed advanced motion sensors. Due to their increasing market penetration, there is a potential for the development of distributed sensing platforms. In particular, over the last few years there has been an increasing interest in monitoring vehicles and driving data, aiming to identify risky driving maneuvers and to improve driver efficiency. Such a driver profiling system can be useful in fleet management, insurance premium adjustment, fuel consumption optimization or CO2 emission reduction. In this paper, we analyze how smartphone sensors can be used to identify driving maneuvers and propose SenseFleet, a driver profile platform that is able to detect risky driving events independently from the mobile device and vehicle. A fuzzy system is used to compute a score for the different drivers using real-time context information like route topology or weather conditions. To validate our platform, we present an evaluation study considering multiple drivers along a predefined path. The results show that our platform is able to accurately detect risky driving events and provide a representative score for each individual driver.
Parameterization of an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter for closed-loop learning experiments (2007)

A representation of the search space in optical pulse shaping problems employing an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter (AOPDF) is presented for use in closed-loop learning experiments where the optimal spectral phase function to some control problem is determined by an iterative learning algorithm. The representation allows the algorithm to select a value for the optical chirp at each frequency control point such that only acoustic grating functions which preserve the spectrum of the shaped pulses are tested. The limits of this space with respect to the rate of applied optical chirp, optical bandwidth and acoustic power are examined and tested through diffraction efficiency studies performed using a commercial AOPDF. The main benefits of this representation are the elimination of undesirable frequency mixing effects, reduction of diffraction efficiency variation between arbitrary pulse shapes and faster convergence of the evolutionary algorithm.
Two‐component interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) from polyurethanes and epoxies. II. Effect of different charge groups in polyurethanes and epoxies on properties and morphologies of two‐component IPNs (1984)

Abstract Two‐component interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) that contained charge groups in the backbones of the polyurethane and epoxy networks were studied. IPNs that contained opposite charge groups, similar charge groups, no charge groups, and corresponding pseudo‐IPNs were prepared. A comparison of mechanical properties, water‐resistance data, mechanical spectra, and electron microscopy showed that improved properties and morphologies resulted in IPNs that contained opposite charge groups. Presumably, interactions between the opposite charge groups in the constituent networks resulted in a forced compatibility between the two polymers which decreased the degree of phase separation.
Alumina: Catalyst and Support. XXXIV.<sup>1</sup> Dehydration of 1-Propanol-1-C<sup>14</sup> over Alumina<sup>2,3</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlumina: Catalyst and Support. XXXIV.1 Dehydration of 1-Propanol-1-C14 over Alumina2,3Norman C. Sih and Herman PinesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 12, 4092–4094Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01350a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01350a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Allylic chlorination of terpenic olefins using a combination of MoCl5 and NaOCl (2011)

MoCl5 is applied as efficient agent in allylic chlorination of terpenic olefins in the presence of NaOCl as chlorine donor. Various terpenes are converted to the corresponding allylic chlorides in moderate to good yield under mild and optimized reaction conditions. Different molybdenum precursors are also studied. Among them, MoO3 gives good yield, but after a longer reaction time.
Fertilizing Ability of Chicken Sperm Bearing the W Chromosome (2007)

In the sex-reversed domestic fowl, spermatids and sperm carrying the female-specific W chromosome have been demonstrated, but whether the spermatids can become functional sperm and can fertilize the oocyte remains undetermined. In the present study, sex reversal was induced by injection of a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (Fadrozole) into the air sac of the chicken egg on d 4 of incubation, and the chicks were reared to 18 mo old. A single elongated spermatid or sperm was isolated from the testis from either normal roosters or sex-reversed hens, and each was microinjected into a mouse oocyte and cultured for 24 h. Although injected oocytes were monitored on the stage of microscope, they were classified into groups by the number of pronuclei. Those that showed male and female pronuclei (2PN) were considered to have oocyte-activating potency. In the normal rooster group, most semen and testicular sperm induced 2PN, whereas only half of the elongated spermatids induced 2PN. In the sex-reversal group, most testicular sperm induced 2PN, whereas nearly half of the elongated spermatids induced 2PN in the oocytes. There was no pronucleus in the oocytes after microinjection of medium only. A second experiment confirmed the higher rate of oocyte activation by testicular sperm than testicular elongated spermatids. In this second experiment, individual oocytes injected with spermatids and sperm of sex-reversed hens were assayed by PCR to identify the W chromosome. Most spermatids and sperm carried Z chromosome, whereas a minority carried W chromosome. However, the sperm carrying W chromosome evoked 2PN with the same rate of oocyte activation as those carrying Z chromosome. From these results, it is concluded that the chicken elongated spermatids and sperm carrying W chromosome may possess a fertilizing ability similar to normal chicken sperm carrying the Z chromosome.
pH-sensitive hemolysis by random copolymers of alkyl acrylates and acrylic acid (2001)

We have been designing and synthesizing synthetic polymers that mimic viral fusogenic peptides, which contain peptide residues having alkyl groups and carboxyl groups. We have synthesized two different types of such polymers, and their abilities to hemolyse red blood cells at pH 7.4 and 5.5 are compared here. The polymers are poly(2-alkylacrylic acid)s such as poly(2-propylacrylic acid), and random copolymers of poly(alkyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) where the alkyl group is propyl or butyl. We have found that the poly(2-alkylacrylic acid)s such as poly(2-propylacrylic acid) are significantly more hemolytic at acidic pH than the random copolymers of equivalent propyl and carboxyl contents.
Direct Observation of Thermal Relaxation in Artificial Spin Ice (2013)

We study the thermal relaxation of artificial spin ice with photoemission electron microscopy, and are able to directly observe how such a system finds its way from an energetically excited state to the ground state. On plotting vertex-type populations as a function of time, we can characterize the relaxation, which occurs in two stages, namely a string and a domain regime. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations agree well with the temporal evolution of the magnetic state when including disorder, and the experimental results can be explained by considering the effective interaction energy associated with the separation of pairs of vertex excitations.
The miR-15 Family Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting G<sub>2</sub>Checkpoints (2015)

Enhancing radiosensitivity is an important area of investigation for improving breast cancer therapy outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the role of the miR-15 family in the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by the miR-15 cluster are known to induce G1 arrest and apoptosis by targeting G1 checkpoints and the anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) gene. However, the effect of the miR-15 family on G2/M arrest and radiosensitivity remains poorly understood. In the current study, cells transfected with miR-15a/15b/16 mimic or inhibitor were irradiated and examined by: clonogenic assays, phosphorylated H2AX assay, flow cytometry, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), real-time PCR and Western blot. Real-time PCR was also used to monitor time-dependent changes of miR-15a/15b/16 expression after irradiation. A putative target site for miR-15a/15b/16 within the Chk1 and Wee1 3' UTRs was confirmed using luciferase reporter assays. Additionally, siRNA was used to validate the effect of Chk1 and Wee1 on radiosensitivity in breast cancer cells. In our study, we investigated the effects of radiation on the miR-15 family and found a time-dependent change in the expression of miR-15a/15b/16 in breast cancer cells postirradiation, as well as an increase in miR-15 family-mediated sensitization of breast cancer cells to radiation. The increase in radiosensitivity induced by the miR-15 family was associated with persistent unrepaired DNA damage, abrogation of radiation-induced G2 arrest and suppressed cell proliferation, and appear to involve both the checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and Wee1. In addition, we found that inhibition of the miR-15 family could not induce cell resistance to radiation. These findings suggest that the expression of the miR-15 family contributes to increased radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells by influencing G2/M checkpoint proteins.
Risk adjustment for a children's capitation rate. (1993)

Few capitation arrangements vary premiums by a child's health characteristics, yielding an incentive to discriminate against children with predictably high expenditures from chronic diseases. In this article, we explore risk adjusters for the 35 percent of the variance in annual out-patient expenditure we find to be potentially predictable. Demographic factors such as age and gender only explain 5 percent of such variance; health status measures explain 25 percent, prior use and health status measures together explain 65 to 70 percent. The profit from risk selection falls less than proportionately with improved ability to adjust for risk. Partial capitation rates may be necessary to mitigate skimming and dumping.