gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of cAMP and Protein Kinase C in Cytomegalovirus Enhancement of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication (1993)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection constitutes a serious threat to patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Recently we reported that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of CD4+ cells was associated with sustained elevation of cellular levels of cAMP. Moreover, cyclic nucleotide modulators enhanced HIV replication by increasing intracellular levels of cAMP. In this study, the effect of CMV on HIV replication in CMV/HIV mixed infection and its relationship to cAMP were examined. MT-4 cells, CMV strain AD169, and HIV strain IIIB were used. Optimal enhancement (4.4-fold increase) of HIV replication was observed when MT-4 cells were infected with CMV at Day 0 followed by HIV on Day 4 after infection, as determined by reverse transcriptase activity on Day 11 after infection. cAMP (measured by radioimmunoassay) levels in cells infected with CMV alone, HIV alone, or CMV/HIV together were 2-, 3-, and 5-fold above untreated cells, respectively. CMV also enhanced the replication of UV-irradiated HIV 4-fold and this was associated with a 2-fold increase in cAMP as well. Moreover, UV-irradiated CMV enhanced HIV replication 8.8-fold. The same dose of viable and UV-irradiated CMV used in the above experiments increased protein kinase C activity in these cells 3.0- and 8.0-fold, respectively. These findings might suggest that cAMP and protein kinase C are involved in CMV enhancement of HIV replication. These findings may have relevance to the identification of novel target sites for development of antiviral therapeutics.
A fast audio bit allocation technique based on a linear R-D model (2002)

The MPEG-1 Layer III audio coding is most widespread digital audio format on the Internet. Its encoder is more complicated than the other layers in the MPEG-1 audio specification, where the bit allocation constitutes significant part of the total computational load. This paper describes a fast bit allocation technique using a novel linear model to compute the bitrate and the global gain of the inner loop (rate control loop) for the classic MP3 bit allocation problem. Estimated quantization noise is approximated with a binomial expansion for the adjustment of the scale-factors. This procedure reduces the outer loop iterations (distortion control loop) to one loop. Our bit allocation technique is about five times faster compared to the well-known LAME MP3 encoder. Based on the objective quality measure, total number of distorted bands, and average total noise-to-masking ratio (NMR), our experimental results show that there is significant improvement in speedup of the encoding process without noticeable audio quality degradation.
Diannexin, a Novel Annexin V Homodimer, Protects Rat Liver Transplants Against Cold Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury (2007)

Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains an important problem in clinical transplantation. Following ischemia, phosphatidylserine (PS) translocates to surfaces of endothelial cells (ECs) and promotes the early attachment of leukocytes/platelets, impairing microvascular blood flow. Diannexin, a 73 KD homodimer of human annexin V, binds to PS, prevents attachment of leukocytes/platelets to EC, and maintains sinusoidal blood flow. This study analyzes whether Diannexin treatment can prevent cold IRI in liver transplantation. Rat livers were stored at 4 degrees C in UW solution for 24 h, and then transplanted orthotopically (OLT) into syngeneic recipients. Diannexin (200 microg/kg) was infused into: (i) donor livers after recovering and before reperfusion, (ii) OLT recipients at reperfusion and day +2. Controls consisted of untreated OLTs. Both Diannexin regimens increased OLT survival from 40% to 100%, depressed sALT levels, and decreased hepatic histological injury. Diannexin treatment decreased TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IP-10 expression, diminished expression of P-selectin, endothelial ICAM-1, and attenuated OLT infiltration by macrophages, CD4 cells and PMNs. Diannexin increased expression of HO-1/Bcl-2/Bcl-xl, and reduced Caspase-3/TUNEL+ apoptotic cells. Thus, by modulating leukocyte/platelet trafficking and EC activation in OLTs, Diannexin suppressed vascular inflammatory responses and decreased apoptosis. Diannexin deserves further exploration as a novel agent to attenuate IRI, and thereby improve OLT function/increase organ donor pool.
The interaction of triethyltin with components of animal tissues (1968)

1. The distribution of triethyl[(113)Sn]tin chloride in the rat, guinea pig and hamster is not uniform, the highest concentrations being in rat blood and the liver of all three species. 2. Subcellular fractionation of rat liver, brain and kidney shows that triethyltin binds to all fractions to different extents. In the liver of the rat and guinea pig the supernatant fraction contains the largest amount and the highest specific concentration; this triethyltin is bound to a non-diffusible component. 3. Rat haemoglobin is responsible for the binding of triethyltin in rat blood (2 moles of triethyltin/mole of haemoglobin). Haemoglobins from other species have much less affinity for triethyltin. 4. A variety of other proteins do not bind triethyltin.
OPTICAL PROBING OF ACOUSTIC SURFACE-WAVE HARMONIC GENERATION (1970)

The growth of nonlinearly generated harmonics of acoustic surface waves in LiNbO3 substrates has been observed directly by an optical probe. The attenuation of acoustic surface waves as a function of the level of input power and loss of energy to the nonlinearly generated harmonics is measured. The large nonlinear coupling to the high harmonics of surface acoustic waves, which is an encouraging sign for parametric amplification, may impose some limitations on linear devices at high power levels.
Genetic and Epigenetic Inactivation of Kruppel-like Factor 4 in Medulloblastoma (2010)

Although medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor, its molecular underpinnings are largely unknown. We have identified rare, recurrent homozygous deletions of Kruppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4) in medulloblastoma using high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, digital karyotyping, and genomic real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, we show that there is loss of physiological KLF4 expression in more than 40% of primary medulloblastomas both at the RNA and protein levels. Medulloblastoma cell lines drastically increase the expression of KLF4 in response to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine and demonstrate dense methylation of the promoter CpG island by bisulfite sequencing. Methylation-specific PCR targeting the KLF4 promoter demonstrates CpG methylation in approximately 16% of primary medulloblastomas. Reexpression of KLF4 in the D283 medulloblastoma cell line results in significant growth suppression both in vitro and in vivo. We conclude that KLF4 is inactivated by either genetic or epigenetic mechanisms in a large subset of medulloblastomas and that it likely functions as a tumor suppressor gene in the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma.
Solubilities of D-xylose and D-mannose in water-enthanol mixtures at 25.degree.C (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubilities of D-xylose and D-mannose in water-enthanol mixtures at 25.degree.CNadine Gabas, Thierry Carillon, and Noel HiquilyCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1988, 33, 2, 128–130Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00052a020https://doi.org/10.1021/je00052a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views668Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hierarchical encoding of image sequences using multistage vector quantization (2005)

Vector quantization is a promising encoding technique especially for low data rate image transmission. Due to the exponential growing of its computational complexity with the block dimension, however, only small blocksizes have been used in practical applications. This restricts the coding efficiency and produces some blockiness in the reconstructed images. Our proposal solves this problems by a combination of a block-overlapping pyramidal transform with multistage VQ. This concept enables VQ of large blocks in a hierarchical manner with small computational costs, while the block-overlapping principle gives rise to a smooth image reconstruction. The simulation results proved that picture phone sequences are reconstructed without any annoying artifacts.
Smart CMOS Charge Transfer Readout Circuit for Time Delay and Integration Arrays (2006)

This paper presents a novel CMOS charge transfer readout circuit for X-ray time delay and integration (TDI) arrays with a depth of 64. The proposed circuit uses a charge transfer readout similar to CCD; thus, the summing of the signal charges can be implemented easily compared with other typical CMOS readout circuits for TDI arrays. The weakness of TDI arrays related to defective pixels can be solved by integrating a dead pixel elimination circuit. In addition, the proposed method can be applied to a TDI arrays with large depths, so a high signal to noise ratio (SNR) can be acquired. The readout chip has been fabricated using a 0.6 mum standard CMOS process for 150times64 CdTe X-ray detector arrays. It was found that the readout circuit can effectively increase the charge storage capacity up to 1.6times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> electrons, and then provide an SNR improved by a factor of approximately 8
<title>Nonlinear registration of medical images using Cauchy-Navier spline transformation</title> (1999)

In this paper a new image registration methodology for matching anatomical medical images is presented. It is based on a point-to-point matching methodology that uses the Cauchy- Navier splines transformation to model the deformable anatomical behavior associated with non-rigid body medical image registration. These transformations are illustrated by matching corresponding CT and MR images of the Thorax. By applying Cauchy-Navier splines transformation to landmarks created using segmentation method, an improved performance is achieved. The Cauchy-Navier spline is compared to thin plate spline and multi-quadratic methods.
Role of the surgeon in the management (2008)

The surgeon has a vital role in the management of patients with breast
cancer. Continuing Medical Education Vol. 26 (10) 2008: pp. 488-491
ZnO films for surface acoustooptic devices on nonpiezoelectric substrates (1976)

Studies of ZnO films which have been performed at Tohoku University are summarized to describe the important role of ZnO films in their application to surface acoustooptic devices on nonpiezoelectric substrates. The ZnO film has been confirmed experimentally as one of the most suitable materials for SAW transducers which can generate surface acoustic waves with power enough to attain the maximum diffraction efficiency in surface acoustooptic devices on nonpiezoelectric substrates in VHF and higher frequencies. It has also been confirmed to be useful as an optical waveguide which is suitable for use as the interaction medium in surface acoustooptic devices.
On the Resiliency of Virtual Network Functions (2017)

Network functions virtualization is an emerging technology that can significantly improve the flexibility of network service provisioning and offer potential cost savings. However, it is critical that service providers offer high reliability and availability of the network and services when moving from proprietary hardware appliances to virtualized network functions on commodity servers. In a network consisting of physical appliances, providers can deploy redundant hardware and extra capacity to handle failures, although this is quite expensive in practice. Virtualization of network functions lead to more challenges for resiliency, but also bring new opportunities to address these challenges in a more cost-effective manner. In this article, we explain the resiliency requirements for virtual network functions in order to provide carrier grade services, summarize the existing solutions in the literature, highlight several research challenges, and present a concrete case study to demonstrate how to decompose a type of virtual router and thus enhance its resiliency.
Strained Si for enhanced CMOS performance (2004)

Summary form only given. Presents a summary of panel discussions.
Handoff strategies in microcellular systems (2002)

Plausible strategies and algorithms for microcellular handoff are examined. Attention is given to such issues as propagation characteristics, C/I (carrier/interference) distribution, and handoff performance in a microcellular system. Some examples from real measurements in central Stockholm are shown, and a brief description of propagation models used in handoff simulations is presented. The handoff strategies for some contemporary systems are reviewed, and some results from simulations of mobile assisted handoff (MAHO) are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Accelerating technical design of business applications (2010)

Technical design of a business application is an involved process which needs an experienced designer to describe an implementation of the application functionality using a set of hardware and software infrastructure elements such that the non-functional requirements are satisfied. The process is extremely knowledge intensive. For instance, it demands the designer to thoroughly understand various architecture styles, a set of technical capabilities available, how different COTS products can realize these capabilities, and how the functional modules can make use of these capabilities. In reality, such experienced designers are hard to come by. Furthermore, to optimize the budget, the project team often involves inexperienced designers to create the technical design. In order to assist an inexperienced designer to create the technical design, we have built a knowledge-based design assistant tool, called Technical Design Assistant Tool (TDAT). In this paper we describe the ontology knowledge model that describes the underlying technical design knowledge. The ontology models the notion of a architecture style, various technical capabilities, a COTS component, and capability features. We have conducted a few experiments to evaluate the usefulness of the ontology and the tool and found encouraging responses. As a part of the project we are populating the knowledge base for the popular open source and commercial software products.
An Artificial Robot Nervous System To Teach Robots How To Feel Pain And Reflexively React To Potentially Damaging Contacts (2016)

In this letter, we introduce the concept of an artificial Robot Nervous System (aRNS) as a novel way of unifying multimodal physical stimuli sensation with robot pain-reflex movements. We focus on the formalization of robot pain, based on insights from human pain research, as an interpretation of tactile sensation. Specifically, pain signals are used to adapt the equilibrium position, stiffness, and feedforward torque of a pain-based impedance controller. The schemes are experimentally validated with the KUKA LWR4+ for simulated and real physical collisions using the BioTac sensor.
Netropsin stimulates the formation of an extracellular proteinase and suppresses protein turnover in sporulating<i>Bacillus megaterium</i> (1986)

Netropsin stimulated the rate of synthesis of an extracellular metalloproteinase in Bacillus megaterium incubated in a sporulation medium. The antibiotic delayed but did not suppress the decrease in the ability to synthesize the proteinase occurring at later sporulation stages. Netropsin also stimulated the synthesis of the proteinase when added to a growing culture; it inhibited the increase of protein turnover which was switched on between the 2nd and 3rd hour in the sporulating population. No refractile spores were developed during 6 h at 35°C in the antibiotic-treated culture. In the control 60% of sporulating cells were observed under similar conditions.
Isolation of epithelial stem cells from dermis by a three-dimensional culture system (2006)

Skin is a representative self-renewing tissue containing stem cells. Although many attempts have been made to define and isolate skin-derived stem cells, establishment of a simple and reliable isolation procedure remains a goal to be achieved. Here, we report the isolation of cells having stem cell properties from mouse embryonic skin using a simple selection method based on an assumption that stem cells may grow in an anchorage-independent manner. We inoculated single cell suspensions prepared from mouse embryonic dermis into a temperature-sensitive gel and propagated the resulting colonies in a monolayer culture. The cells named dermis-derived epithelial progenitor-1 (DEEP) showed epithelial morphology and grew rapidly to a more than 200 population doubling level over a period of 250 days. When the cells were kept confluent, they spontaneously formed spheroids and continuously grew even in spheroids. Immunostaining revealed that all of the clones were positive for the expression of cytokeratin-8, −18, −19, and E-cadherin and negative for the expression of cytokeratin-1, −5, −6, −14, −20, vimentin, nestin, a ckit. Furthermore, they expressed epithelial stem cell markers such as p63, integrin β1, and S100A6. On exposure to TGFβ in culture, some of DEEP-1 cells expressed α-smooth muscle actin. When the cells were transplanted into various organs of adult SCID mice, a part of the inoculated cell population acquired neural, hepatic, and renal cell properties. These results indicate that the cells we isolated were of epithelial stem cell origin and that our new approach is useful for isolation of multipotent stem cells from skin tissues. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 174–184, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
La globalización, el impacto para México y las economías emergentes (2013)

espanolLa globalizacion de la economia ha implicado una convergencia de modelos socio-economicos nacionales para la mayor parte de los analistas. De esta manera, a pesar de que la economia liberal de mercado de Estados Unidos y de otros paises anglosajones es solo una de las “variantes del capitalismo”, hay la tendencia a debilitar el modelo de los paises con “economias de mercado coordinadas”, como Alemania y los paises nordicos. (Bizberg, 2007)Asimismo, la globalizacion no solo ha traido grandes cambios en los sistemas economico, financiero y politico del mundo, sino tambien ha acarreado grandes consecuencias a la educacion y en particular a la educacion superior; esto porque como se ha demostrado en los mercados, son un referente obligado para la creacion de la innovacion y particularmente la tecnologia, lo cual nos permite generar valor a la produccion. Por lo tanto, America Latina y en especial Mexico deben redefinir la direccion de su educacion superior a fin de mejorarla y equipararla con los estandares internacionales en competitividad. EnglishThe globalization of the economy has led to a convergence of national socio-economic for most analyst models. Thus, despite the liberal market economy of the United States and other English-speaking countries is just one of the variants of capitalism, there is a tendency to weaken the country model with coordinated market economies such as Germany and the Nordic countries. (Bizberg, 2007) Furthermore, globalization has not only brought great changes in the economic, financial and political systems of the world, but has also caused substantial consequences to education and particularly higher education; this because as demonstrated in the markets are a must for creating innovation and technology particularly concerning, which allows us to add value to the production. Thus, Latin America and especially Mexico must redefine the direction of his superior in order to improve it and equate it with international standards in education competitiveness
A robust, streamlined, and reproducible method for proteomic analysis of serum by delipidation, albumin and IgG depletion, and two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2005)

Serum is a readily available source for diagnostic assays, but the identification of disease-specific serum biomarkers has been impeded by the dominance of human serum albumin and immunoglobulins (Igs) in the serum proteome. There is a need to reduce the technical variation in serum processing and analysis to allow for a reproducible analysis of large cohorts. To this end, we have developed a rapid and reproducible procedure for sample preparation and high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to analyze human serum. Serum is centrifuged at high speed to remove lipids and aggregated proteins, incubated with protein G resin to remove IgG, precipitated with NaCl/ethanol to deplete albumin, and slowly resolubilized in a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-2'-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (HEPES) buffer. The delipidated and IgG/albumin depleted serum proteins are focused on pH 4-7 linear large immobilized pH gradient strips, and then resolved by Bis-Tris SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The robustness and reproducibility of the optimized procedure was determined for three individual serum samples on three consecutive days. An image analysis of the nine silver-stained gels demonstrated that the intensity and localization of protein spots are highly reproducible. Our IgG and albumin depletion procedure will aid in screening the patient sera for normal biological variation and disease-specific biomarkers.
Micro‐CT analysis with multiple thresholds allows detection of bone formation and resorption during ultrasound‐treated fracture healing (2008)

Multiple threshold algorithms applied to microcomputed tomography analysis were used to probe the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on fracture healing. Rat femurs were fractured in accordance with IACUC guidelines. Ultrasound treatment was administered daily to one femur; the contralateral bone was treated with a sham transducer. Each week for 3 weeks healing fractures were harvested and scanned by micro-CT. Remodeling activity was confirmed by evaluation of TRAP activity. Using thresholds of 331-700 and 225-330, area of cortical bone, and new bone formation, respectively, were identified, and by inference, regions of bone resorption. The increased sensitivity of this multithresholding procedure revealed that ultrasound treatment significantly increased the rate of fracture healing in vivo by activating both new bone formation and by increasing the removal of cortical bone in a time- and site-specific manner. At week 1, compared to the proximal side, there was a significant increase in new bone formation distal to the fracture site. Removal of the existing cortical bone followed the same pattern at week 2. Results of the study indicate that at sites of bone turnover, this multithresholding analytical technique can be used to provide quantitative information on bone formation, as well as resorption.