gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Importance of Having Low-Density Functional Groups for Generating High-Performance Semiconducting Polymer Dots (2012)

Semiconducting polymers with low-density side-chain carboxylic acid groups were synthesized to form stable, functionalized, and highly fluorescent polymer dots (Pdots). The influence of the molar fraction of hydrophilic side-chains on Pdot properties and performance was systematically investigated. Our results show that the density of side-chain carboxylic acid groups significantly affects Pdot stability, internal structure, fluorescence brightness, and nonspecific binding in cellular labeling. Fluorescence spectroscopy, single-particle imaging, and a dye-doping method were employed to investigate the fluorescence brightness and the internal structure of the Pdots. The results of these experiments indicate that semiconducting polymers with low density of side-chain functional groups can form stable, compact, and highly bright Pdots as compared to those with high density of hydrophilic side-chains. The functionalized polymer dots were conjugated to streptavidin (SA) by carbodiimide-catalyzed coupling and the Pdot-SA probes effectively and specifically labeled the cancer cell-surface marker Her2 in human breast cancer cells. The carboxylate-functionalized polymer could also be covalently modified with small functional molecules to generate Pdot probes for click chemistry-based bio-orthogonal labeling. This study presents a promising approach for further developing functional Pdot probes for biological applications.
Chain Compounds Based on Transition Metal Backbones: New Life for an Old Topic (2002)

A new link in the chain: After a long period of inactivity, research into one-dimensional compounds based on linear arrays of transition metals is experiencing a renaissance. Recently, oligomeric and polymeric chains have been reported for a variety of transition metals. One such compound of a particularly exotic variety is depicted here, in which a {Pd4}2+ unit is surrounded by a “π-electron sheath” of conjugated polyene ligands.
An animal welfare view of wildlife contraception. (2002)

Although there is some dissent, the animal protection community generally supports the concept of wildlife contraception. However, some contraceptive agents, delivery mechanisms and specific applications will be opposed by animal welfare advocates on environmental, humane or other ethical grounds, and some animal rights advocates may oppose wildlife contraception entirely. The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) has supported and conducted wildlife contraception studies for more than 10 years. In general, we have invested in contraceptive agents (such as porcine zona pellucida) that we believe will prove environmentally, physiologically and behaviourally benign, and in delivery mechanisms that are narrowly targeted. As we consider contraception to be a major intervention into natural processes, we believe that wildlife contraception should be applied judiciously, locally and in a manner that is sensitive to the needs of animals, humans and ecosystem function.
Inhibition of IL‐1β and TNF‐α Secretion from Resting and Activated Human Immunocytes by the Homeopathic Medication Traumeel<sup>®</sup> S (2004)

Traumeel S (Traumeel), a mixture of highly diluted (10(-1)-10(-9)) extracts from medicinal plants and minerals is widely used in humans to relieve trauma, inflammation and degenerative processes. However, little is known about its possible effects on the behavior of immune cells. The effects of Traumeel were examined in vitro on the ability of resting and PHA-, PMA- or TNF-alpha-activated human T cells, monocytes, and gut epithelial cells to secrete the prototypic pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-8 over a period of 24-72 h. Traumeel inhibited the secretion of all three agents in resting, as well as activated immune cells. IL-beta secretion was reduced by up to 70% in both resting and activated cells; TNF-alpha secretion was reduced by up to 65 and 54%, respectively, and IL-8 secretion was reduced by 50% in both resting and activated cells (P < 0.01 for all cells). Interestingly, the effect appeared to be inversely dose-related; maximal inhibition (usually 30-60% inhibition; P < 0.01) was seen with dilutions of 10(-3)-10(-6) of the Traumeel stock material. This finding suggests that Traumeel does not inhibit immune cells functions by exerting a toxic effect. Indeed, Traumeel did not affect T cell and monocyte proliferation. Although additional studies are needed to clarify the mode of action of Traumeel and to demonstrate causative relationship between the inhibition of cytokine/chemokine secretion in cell culture and the reported clinical effects of the preparation, our in vitro results offer a mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of Traumeel observed in clinical use.
Hexagonally ordered 100 nm period nickel nanowire arrays (2001)

The magnetic behavior of 100 nm period arrays of Ni nanowires embedded in a highly ordered alumina pore matrix were characterized by magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy. Reducing the diameter of the nanowires from 55 to 30 nm while keeping the interwire distance constant leads to increasing coercive fields from 600 to 1200 Oe and to increasing remanence from 30% to 100%. The domain structure of the arrays exhibits in the demagnetized state a labyrith-like pattern. These results show that stray field interactions of single domain nanowires are entirely dependent on the nanowire diameter.
SEcure Similar Image Matching (SESIM): An Improved Privacy Preserving Image Retrieval Protocol over Encrypted Cloud Database (2021)

The emergence of cloud computing provides new dimension for the user to perform computations and store huge amount of data say images, video, audio etc,. However, the benefits of outsourcing the tasks bring privacy issues for the data that are outsourced. Consequently, to ensure privacy, multimedia data is encrypted and offloaded to the cloud database. Though images are encrypted, during retrieval, cloud server performs similarity computation on plaintext features. Fully homomorphic shows great results in computation over encrypted data yet due to its computation burden it is not applicable for practical usage. Thus, to guarantee the secrecy of outsourced image features, the proposed paper introduced an efficient SEcure Similar Image Matching (SESIM) protocol under encrypted domain. The computation overhead of the proposed SESIM protocol is compared with the existing secure distance metrics. The experiments and performance analysis show the effectiveness and security of the proposed scheme under encrypted cloud database.
Über kristallisierte Metallpolyphosphide. III. Die Struktur der Metallpolyphosphide des Typs HgPbP<sub>14</sub> (1958)

Abstract Die Struktur der Polyphosphide des Typs MePbP 14 mit MeZn, Cd oder Hg wird mit Hilfe von P ATTERSON ‐Analysen und F OURIER ‐Synthesen bestimmt. Je zwei zickzackförmig gebaute Phosphorketten lagern sich durch die Absättigung der dritten Valenzen der einen Hälfte der Atome zu einer ‐förmigen Rinne zusammen. Diese wird geschlossen zu einer fünfeckigen Röhre durch Die Me‐Atome betätigen als koordinativ vierwertige Elemente noch zwei Nebenvalenzen zu Phosphoratomen benachbartliegender, röhrenförmiger Fadenmolekel. Der hochpolymere Charakter und der verwickelte Aufbau der Makromolekeln erklärt die gegenüber den Polysulfiden schwierigere Darstellung der Polyphosphide hohen Phosphorgehaltes, was dazu geführt hat, daß sie erst kürzlich gefunden wurden.
Probing the Wave Function of Shallow Li and Na Donors in ZnO Nanoparticles (2004)

Electron paramagnetic resonance and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) experiments on ZnO nanoparticles reveal the presence of shallow donors related to interstitial Li and Na atoms. The shallow character of the wave function is evidenced by the multitude of 67Zn ENDOR lines and further by the hyperfine interactions with the 7Li and 23Na nuclei that are much smaller than for atomic lithium and sodium. In the case of the Li-doped nanoparticles, an increase of the hyperfine interaction with the 7Li nucleus and with the 1H nuclei in the Zn(OH)(2) capping layer is observed when reducing the size of the nanoparticles. This effect is caused by the confinement of the shallow-donor 1s-type wave function that has a Bohr radius of about 1.5 nm, i.e., comparable to the dimension of the nanoparticles.
High surface area membrane introduction mass spectrometry for analysis of volatile and semi‐volatile organic compounds in air (2001)

Abstract The construction, optimization, and testing of a novel geometry for a semi‐permeable polydimethylsiloxane membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) system is described. A long poly(dimethylsiloxane) capillary membrane (0.30 mm i.d., 0.64 mm o.d., 60 cm long) was positioned coaxially inside polytetrafluoroethylene tubing (0.80 mm i.d. and 1.60 mm o.d.), allowing for a large surface area membrane of relatively small thickness. Helium, flowing counter‐current on the vacuum side of the membrane, swept the permeate into the mass spectrometer. This optimized geometry for permeation MIMS air analysis allows on‐line detection of volatile and semi‐volatile organic compounds of environmental interest, with limits of detection in the ppt range and a linear response over 3 to 4 orders of magnitude. The system is characterized by short rise and fall times, 10 and 48 s, respectively, for toluene. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Basic well log analysis (2004)

Abstract This publication is a general introduction to common openhole logging measurements, both wire line and MWD/LWD, and the interpretation of those measurements to determine the traditional analytical goals of porosity, fluid saturation, and lithology/mineralogy. It is arranged by the interpretation goals of the data, rather than by the underlying physics of the measurements. The appendix files contain digital versions of the data from the case studies, a summary guide to the measurements and their interpretation, and a simple spreadsheet containing some of the more common interpretation algorithms. This Second Edition of Basic Well Log Analysis delivers a great impact on training and self-training along with superior workbook exercises, newer measurements, borehole imaging, and nuclear magnetic resonance in separate chapters, all directed to provide a guide through the lengthy and sometimes ambiguous terminology of well logging and petrophysics. It provides readers with interpretation examples (and solutions) so that the techniques described here can be practiced.
MEANS FOR RADIATING LARGE AMOUNTS OF LOW FREQUENCY SOUND (1931)

First Page
Control of filamentous growth by mating and cyclic-AMP in<i>Ustilago</i> (1995)

Mating between compatible haploid cells of the corn smut fungus, Ustilago maydis, results in a switch from budding to filamentous growth. We are analyzing the multiallelic b incompatibility locus that governs maintenance of the infectious, filamentous dikaryon. Specificity regions have been identified in the N-terminal portions of the bE and bW genes at the b locus. In addition, we have found that heterozygosity at the b locus attenuates fusion. This result suggests that b gene products may exert a negative influence on some processes, in addition to their generally recognized role in maintaining filamentous growth. The b genes have also been characterized in Ustilago hordei. This species has a bipolar mating system in which the b genes are linked to genes required for pheromone production and response to form one large mating-type region (MAT locus) with two allelic specificities. In a separate study, we have discovered that defects in adenylate cyclase result in constitutive filamentous growth and greatly reduce the virulence of U. maydis on corn seedlings. Mutations have been identified that suppress the adenylate cyclase defect and restore budding growth. Sequence analysis revealed that one of the suppressor mutations is in the gene encoding the regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Mutants altered in PKA activity have the interesting phenotype of multiple budding and frequent mislocalization of the bud site. Key words: smut, dimorphism, b locus, sex.
The prefrontal cortex and internally generated motor acts (1992)

The neuroanatomical and neurophysiological data that have been obtained from experimental primates are converging on a framework for understanding the prefrontal influence on motor output. The framework isolates internally memory-based functions from externally guided sensory-based functions, identifies the internally-based functions with prefrontal circuits, the sensory-based functions with premotor circuits, and integrates the specializations of prefrontal, premotor and subcortical structures in the control of motor acts.
The Sai Baba movement and multi‐ethnic education in Britain (1984)

(1984). The Sai Baba movement and multi‐ethnic education in Britain. Religion Today: Vol. 1, No. 2-3, pp. 13-14.
Strain effects on indium incorporation and optical transitions in green‐light InGaN heterostructures of different orientations (2011)

Abstract Strain effect on indium incorporation and optical transitions in bulk InGaN and GaN/InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) coherently grown on GaN substrates with different orientations of hexagonal axis is studied by simulation. The strain modification in the nonpolar and semipolar structures, as compared to polar ones, is found to result in both a higher indium percentage in the InGaN alloy and a larger materials bandgap, producing opposite trends in variation of the optical transition energy (emission wavelength) with the crystal orientation. The interplay between the effects is discussed in view of development of green‐light emitters. A possible way for controlling the strain in the InGaN layers and QWs and thus the emission wavelength is considered and tested by modelling. Optical transition energy of the same single InGaN QW grown on either GaN or relaxed In 0.08 Ga 0.92 N sublayer as a function of the crystal C ‐axis inclination to epitaxial layer plane. magnified image Optical transition energy of the same single InGaN QW grown on either GaN or relaxed In 0.08 Ga 0.92 N sublayer as a function of the crystal C ‐axis inclination to epitaxial layer plane.
Process and device technologies for high-performance 0.13 μm FCRAM (2003)

We have developed a novel integration scheme for FCRAM cores using a high-dielectric capacitor technology and low-temperature process technology so we can scale the design rule towards 0.13 pm and improve device performance. Ru/Ta 2 O 5 /Ru capacitor technology, which can provide a dielectric constant as high as 70 and an SiO 2 -equivalent thickness of 0.7 nm, has been established combined with a robust cylinder electrode fabrication process using a TiN liner. A self-aligned storage-node contact fabrication process with low-temperature (600°C) Si 3 N 4 deposition improves the transistor performance by more than 10%. These technologies have been applied to a 0.13 μm-generation device, and the functionality of this device has been confirmed. Also, this paper demonstrates the scalability of these technologies to the 0.1 pm generation.
Current-mode up-converting D/A-interface for mobile communication transmitter applications (2002)

A low voltage low power current-mode D/A interface with smoothing filter and upconversion mixer is presented. The D/A-converter is a binary weighted current-switching converter with 8-bit resolution. The uni-directional D/A-output currents are converted to bi-directional input currents for a differential current-mode 1 MHz low-pass filter by a common-mode feedforward circuit. The smoothing filter and current gain amplifier use high-gain current amplifiers using dynamically biased low distortion transconductance output stage. The filtered and amplified current is then fed to a current-switching mixer with off-chip loads. The filter operates with down to a 3 V supply voltage while the D/A-converter can operate even with 2.5 V supply. The harmonic distortion of the filter is typically lower than -50 dBc and thus more than 8-bit spurious free range can be achieved by oversampling.
An artificial intelligence based tool for home automation using MATLAB (2002)

A neural fuzzy system controlling home appliances is proposed. The central goal of home automation is to provide an efficient and convenient integration and inter-operation among appliances in households. The necessary software tools should present a comfortable user interface. One suitable programming method for home automation systems is the definition of linguistic rules that can be processed by a fuzzy system. In our approach it is assumed that the home system adapts itself to the occupants' lifestyle. Based on this idea, we present an appropriate neuro fuzzy controller. An implementation of this artificial intelligent based controller under the MATLAB/SIMULINK development environment is shown. It consists of functions that upgrade MATLAB/SIMULINK to a tool with hardware and Internet access. This tool is not only restricted to home automation, it can also be applied to control non time-critical processes.
Colonic carcinogenesis in vagotomyzed rats. (2001)

Truncal vagotomy does not increase the incidence of CRC induced by DMH in the rat.
Electronically scanned TACAN antenna (1974)

This paper describes the principles of operation of the Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) antenna system and compares the performance characteristics of the mechanically rotated with a proposed electronically scanned system. An analysis is provided of the various factors involved in the design of an electronically scanned TACAN antenna. The discussions in this paper serve as an introduction to a paper in this issue which describes the design, fabrication, test, and evaluation of one example of an experimental model of an electronically scanned cylindrical TACAN antenna array [1].
Theory of the Deion Circuit-Breaker (1929)

Three major features incorporated in the Deion circuit-breaker are discussed. They are: deionization at solid surfaces, the function of the static balancer, and cold electrode arcs.
Widely tunable semiconductor lasers (2003)

Monolithic widely tunable lasers are reviewed, with emphasis on the grating coupled sampled reflector (GCSR) laser. Methods of controlling the lasers are discussed, leading to wavelength agile integrated wavelength-division multiplexing sources settable to any wavelength within the erbium-doped fiber amplifier window.
107 COMPUTERIZED ANALYSIS OF BOWEL SOUNDS IN NORMAL AND SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTED RATS. (1996)

Computerized analysis of gastrointestinal acoustic phenomena (GAP) may offer clinically useful diagnostic information. To explore the utility of rat animal models, we studied GAP in normal and bowel obstructed rats. Methods: A total of 108 one-hour GAP recordings were made in 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Initially, normal GAP was analyzed in 3 rats sedated with IM ketamine and xylozine. Inferior vena cava catheters were placed in 16 animals, and threaded dorsally to a silicon harness. The effects of varying IV anesthetic agents (ketamine +/- xylozine, propofol) on bowel sounds was then studied in 4 rats. Finally, a customized “lasso” ligature was placed 2 cm proximal to the terminal ileum in 7 of the last 16 animals. The lasso was left open, with the control wire and sheath exiting dorsally and mounted in the silicon harness. After allowing 4-5 days for postoperative recovery, normal fasted and fed bowel sounds were studied for 1-2 days using continuous ketamine infusions for sedation. The lasso was then tightened to create a small bowel obstruction (SBO) and serial recordings were performed over 1-3 days. The analog signals were amplified, recorded, and digitized. The power spectrum and duration of GAP events were calculated after manually identifying the beginning and end of events. Results: Typical normal GAP in over 63 recordings performed in non-obstructed rats have a very short duration (≈ 3-6 ms). The frequency (“pitch”) of these events is difficult to accurately ascertain given their short duration, but is about 300-600 Hz. In contradistinction, 11 of the 45 recordings performed on the obstructed rats, and none of the 63 recordings in the non-obstructed animals, demonstrated intermittent long duration (≈ 200-1000 ms) and lower frequency (≈ 200-300 Hz) events (p<0.001). Conclusions: 1) GAP can be recorded in rats; 2) SBO animals had significantly different sounds than non-obstructed animals; and 3) Computerized bowel sound analysis may provide a useful modality for diagnosis of bowel obstruction.
Requirements specification of distributed hard real-time operating systems (2002)

The authors present the requirements specification for distributed hard real-time operating systems used in time-critical, mission-oriented systems. For this purpose the relevant models for distributed hard real-time processing are established based on the general characteristics of distributed hard real-time systems. Following these models the requirements of a distributed hard real-time operating system are specified, and the major concerns in requirements of task scheduling and communication management are examined. Further discussions include the following issues: the operating system support for real-time application environments, and the problems to be investigated regarding next-generation real-time systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Activation Mapping from the Coronary Sinus May Be Limited by Anatomic Variations (1998)

The purpose of this study was to examine the anatomic relationship between the mitral annulus (MA) and the coronary sinus (CS). Fifty consecutive hearts of 31 men and 19 women, 63.5 +/- 13.7 years of age, were examined at autopsy. MA was divided perpendicularly to the annular plane into an anteromedial block and a posterolateral block by sectioning from the CS ostium through the center of MA. The posterolateral block was subdivided radially into five equal sections at 36 degrees, 72 degrees, 108 degrees, 144 degrees, and 180 degrees. The distance from the ventricular endocardium under MA to the nearest wall of CS (D) was measured in each cross-section. D measured 9.7 +/- 2.3, 10.9 +/- 3.3, 10.2 +/- 3.6, 9.2 +/- 3.4, and 8.2 +/- 2.9 mm at 36 degrees, 72 degrees, 108 degrees, 144 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. D at 72 was significantly longer than at 144 degrees and 180 degrees (P < 0.01). Likewise, D at 108 degrees was significantly longer than at 144 degrees and 180 degrees (P < 0.05). The population was divided according to the morphology into five patterns. "Type C," the pattern that separated in the middle section and then reapproximated, was more common (66%) than any other pattern. D was confirmed to be longest at the level of the 72 degrees section, corresponding to a left posterolateral free-wall location. The potential mapping in CS would be easily modified by this anatomic feature. When mapping activation from the CS, the electrophysiological data should be interpreted in light of these anatomic findings.