gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Embryonic stem cells: differentiation into cardiomyocytes and potential for heart repair and regeneration (2005)

Many forms of heart disease are associated with the loss of cardiomyocytes both via apoptosis or necrosis, and despite the recent identification of resident cardiac stem cells, the native capacity for renewal and repair is inadequate. Cell transplantation strategies have emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for repairing injured myocardium. Many different cell types including embryonic stem cells have been transplanted in myocardial infarction (MI) models with resulting improvement in myocardial function. Here, we review the current state of knowledge with regard to the potential of embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in the embryonic stem cell derived-embryoid body (EB) in vitro system as well as for myocardial regeneration following myocardial infarction.
FOXO1 Inhibits Runx2 Transcriptional Activity and Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion (2011)

Prostate cancer patients with regional lymph node involvement at radical prostatectomy often experience disease progression to other organs, with the bone as the predominant site. The transcription factor Runx2 plays an important role in bone formation and prostate cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Here we showed that the forkhead box O (FOXO1) protein, a key downstream effector of the tumor suppressor PTEN, inhibits the transcriptional activity of Runx2 in prostate cancer cells. This inhibition was enhanced by PTEN but diminished by active Akt. FOXO1 bound to Runx2 in vitro and in vivo and suppressed Runx2's activity independent of its transcriptional function. FOXO1 inhibited Runx2-promoted migration of prostate cancer cells, whereas silencing of endogenous FOXO1 enhanced prostate cancer cell migration in a Runx2-dependent manner. Forced expression of FOXO1 also inhibited Runx2-promoted prostate cancer cell invasion. Finally, we found that expression of PTEN and the level of FOXO1 in the nucleus is inversely correlated with expression of Runx2 in a cohort of prostate cancer specimens from patients with lymph node and bone metastasis. These data reveal FOXO1 as a critical negative regulator of Runx2 in prostate cancer cells. Inactivation of FOXO1 due to frequent loss of PTEN in prostate cancer cells may leave the oncogenic activities of Runx2 unchecked, thereby driving promiscuous expression of Runx2 target genes involved in cell migration and invasion and favoring prostate cancer progression.
Effect of augmented visual feedback from a virtual reality simulation system on manual dexterity training (2005)

Little research has been published about the impact of simulation technology on the learning process of novel motor skills. Especially the role of augmented feedback (FB) on the quality of performance and the transfer of the acquired behaviour to a no-augmented FB condition require further investigation. Therefore, novice dental students were randomly assigned to one of three groups and given the task of drilling a geometrical class 1 cavity. The FB group trained under augmented visual FB conditions, provided by the virtual reality (VR) system (DentSim). The no-FB group practised under normal vision conditions, in the absence of augmented FB. A control group performed the test sessions without participating in any training programme. All preparations were evaluated by the VR grading system according to four traditional (outline shape, floor depth, floor smoothness and wall inclination), and two critical, criteria (pulp exposure and damage to adjacent teeth). Performance analyses revealed an overall trend towards significant improvement with training for the experimental groups. The FB group obtained the highest scores. It scored better for floor depth (P < 0.001), whilst the no-FB group was best for floor smoothness (P < 0.005). However, at the retention tests, the FB group demonstrated inferior performance in comparison with the no-FB group. The transfer test on a traditional unit revealed no significant differences between the training groups. Consequently, drilling experience on a VR system under the condition of frequently provided FB and lack of any tutorial input was considered to be not beneficial to learning. The present data are discussed in view of the guidance hypothesis of FB, which refers to the apprentice's dependence on FB.
Abolishing poverty: the history and significance of the North American Guaranteed Annual Income Social Experiments (2010)

Between 1968 and 1980, five negative income tax field experiments were conducted in North America. This essay examines the history of these five experiments, both in the political and social contexts of the period and as one chapter in the historical evolution of the social sciences. It considers the political and social contexts of the period and explores the ways in which these experiments were both generated by, and a challenge to, these deeper currents. The essay also presents some preliminary health and social results from a re-examination of the Canadian experiment
Direct measurement of wavelength dispersion in optical fibres-difference method (1978)

A new method is described for direct and precise measurement of wavelength dispersion in the core of an optical fibre over a wide wavelength region.
Inflammation and white matter degeneration persist for years after a single traumatic brain injury (2013)

A single traumatic brain injury is associated with an increased risk of dementia and, in a proportion of patients surviving a year or more from injury, the development of hallmark Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies. However, the pathological processes linking traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative disease remain poorly understood. Growing evidence supports a role for neuroinflammation in the development of Alzheimer's disease. In contrast, little is known about the neuroinflammatory response to brain injury and, in particular, its temporal dynamics and any potential role in neurodegeneration. Cases of traumatic brain injury with survivals ranging from 10 h to 47 years post injury (n = 52) and age-matched, uninjured control subjects (n = 44) were selected from the Glasgow Traumatic Brain Injury archive. From these, sections of the corpus callosum and adjacent parasaggital cortex were examined for microglial density and morphology, and for indices of white matter pathology and integrity. With survival of ≥3 months from injury, cases with traumatic brain injury frequently displayed extensive, densely packed, reactive microglia (CR3/43- and/or CD68-immunoreactive), a pathology not seen in control subjects or acutely injured cases. Of particular note, these reactive microglia were present in 28% of cases with survival of >1 year and up to 18 years post-trauma. In cases displaying this inflammatory pathology, evidence of ongoing white matter degradation could also be observed. Moreover, there was a 25% reduction in the corpus callosum thickness with survival >1 year post-injury. These data present striking evidence of persistent inflammation and ongoing white matter degeneration for many years after just a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Future studies to determine whether inflammation occurs in response to or, conversely, promotes white matter degeneration will be important. These findings may provide parallels for studying neurodegenerative disease, with traumatic brain injury patients serving as a model for longitudinal investigations, in particular with a view to identifying potential therapeutic interventions.
Accumulation of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of human coronary atheroma, the predilection site of atheromatous rupture. (1994)

The far higher proportion (50-fold) of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of atheromas supports the hypothesis that mast cells, a cell type capable of triggering matrix degradation, actively participate in the destabilization and ensuing rupture of coronary atheromas and thus may trigger an acute coronary event.
Profiling Hospitals by Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer (2011)

The quality of care for colorectal cancer provided by a hospital system is somewhat consistent across the immediate postoperative and long-term follow-up periods. Combining mortality profiles across longer periods may improve the statistical reliability of outcome comparisons.
THE INDICATIONS FOR THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF FRACTURES (1927)

The treatment of fractures is the most important subject today in surgery without any exception. It is important for three reasons: The severity of the injury to the whole individual in a case of fracture. The need for developing a sane judgment in deciding at the outset on a line of treatment suitable to each case and the treatment to be carried through to the conclusion of the case. The generally unsatisfactory ideas of treatment prevalent throughout our profession. We all agree that most cases of nonunion, malunion with symptoms, and all compound fractures require operation. In our daily life, such events as the Great War, industrial awakenings and the appearance of complicated machinery, the workman's compensation acts, and the increased use of the automobile and other motor vehicles, have been tremendous stimuli to the surgery of fractures. The loss to industry alone from poorly treated and maltreated fractures is
Left bundle branch block with and without coronary artery disease: which value for a tissue Doppler-derived post-systolic motion? (2003)

Tissue Doppler may be useful to distinguish septal myocardial asynchrony in LBBB with and without LAD stenosis.
Measurement of arc light spectrum in the MAG welding method (2009)

Welding arc light can be seen as a signal carrying essential information about the welding process and exploited in the monitoring of the welding process. Results of experimental research on the radiation of the welding arc in the Metal Active Gas (MAG) welding method are presented for an industrial platform. The methodology of calculation of the spectrophotometer spectral response is presented. The range of the tested wavelengths has been limited to visible radiation of the welding arc in the range of 340-500 nm. The conditions of arc burning were modified by changing the welding parameters. During experiments the welding current was changed in the range of 104-235 A. The analysis of the spectrum of the radiation of the welding arc is investigated. This method can be useful for the monitoring of arc welding and laser welding processes.
ALTERNATIVE JET FUELS FROM VEGETABLE OILS (2001)

Air quality standards set forth by the Clean Air Act and its amendments have established guidelines for reductionof harmful ground level emissions from the aviation sector. Biodiesel, defined as the monoalkyl esters of fatty acids derivedfrom vegetable oil or animal fat, in application as an extender for combustion in compression ignition (diesel) engines, hasdemonstrated a number of promising characteristics including reduction of exhaust emissions. This work examines the fuelproperties of BioJet fuel blends consisting of 0.100.30 vol. frac. methyl soyate (SME) in JP8 and in JP8+100 jet fuels.Testing of cold flow properties indicated that blends with as little as 0.10 vol. frac. SME may limit operation of aircraft tolower altitudes where ambient temperature remains warmer than 29C. Treatment of SME with cold flow improver additivesmay decrease this limit to 37C. Blends with winterized SME gave the best results, reducing the limit to as low as 47C,a value that meets the standard fuel specification for JP8. Water reactivity studies indicated that SME/JP8 blends absorbedvery little water from buffered solution following contact with the oil phase. Although interface ratings for blends with upto 0.50 vol. frac. SME were 1b (clear bubbles covering not more than 50% of the interface) or better, separation ratingsno better than (3) (formation of cloudy suspensions in the oil layer) were observed. Even though fatty derivatives such asbiodiesel undergo oxidative degradation more readily than jet fuels, careful production, transport, and storage of BioJet fuelsshould not present a significant problem.
Electrochemiluminescence as a tool for microscopy at the nanoscale (2004)

The particular form of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) used for analytical assays relies upon the discovery that tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup>] emits a 620 nm photon when adjacent to an electrode held at about one volt relative to Ag/AgCl. This reaction occurs within nanometers of the electrode. The enormous economic investment in nanoscale lithography tools is leading to tools capable of routinely producing 32 nm features by 2009. We propose that these two technologies could be combined to produce a nanoscale microscopy system. We constructed a macroscopic test-bed and performed tests on it to explore the feasibility of such a system. We tested an ECL solution containing 1 mM Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> 0.2 mM ammonium oxalate monohydrate in a 0.1 M ammonium acetate buffer at pH 5.0. Using this solution, we found that the ECL light was most intense at an applied voltage of 1.6 Volts, that the effect had excellent reproducibility and that the time to reach maximum intensity was several seconds after applying a voltage.
<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>Virulence Factors That Stimulate Endothelial Cells (1998)

Listeria monocytogenes infection of endothelial cells upregulates surface expression of adhesion molecules and stimulates neutrophil adhesion to infected cell monolayers. The experiments presented here tested the roles of specific bacterial virulence factors as triggers for this inflammatory phenotype and function. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers were infected with wild-type L. monocytogenes or L. monocytogenes mutants; then surface expression of E-selectin and neutrophil adhesion were measured. The results showed that delta hly and prfA mutants were the most crippled, requiring 100-fold more mutant bacteria than wild-type bacteria for analogous stimulation. By comparison, L. monocytogenes mutants with deletions of actA, inlA, inlB, inlAB, plcA, and plcB resembled their parent strains, and a delta plcA delta plcB mutant displayed decreased intracellular growth rate but only a minor decrease in stimulation of E-selectin or neutrophil adhesion. Other experiments showed that cytochalasin D-treated HUVEC monolayers bound bacteria, but internalization and increased surface E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression were profoundly inhibited. However, cytochalasin D had no effect on the HUVEC response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide or tumor necrosis factor alpha. These data suggest that listeriolysin O production by infecting L. monocytogenes contributes to increased expression of surface E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, but neither it nor intracellular replication are directly responsible for this event. Nonetheless it is possible that listeriolysin O potentiates the effect(s) of an other molecule(s) that directly triggers this response. Additionally, cellular invasion by L. monocytogenes appears to be critical for initiating the HUVEC response, potentially by providing a signal which results in upregulation of the necessary bacterial genes.
Thermal Problems of the CW Injection Laser (1971)

We describe the theoretical dependence of emitted light power on current in a continuously operating p-n junction laser, based on an injection laser model previously developed by the author. The analysis relates power output to threshold current, electrical resistance, thermal resistance, and external quantum efficiency of the laser, all quantities that can be independently measured or calculated for particular structures. The equations presented thus constitute a simple analytical model for both thermal design and diagnosis of operation of cw injection lasers.
Efficient Approximate Visibility of Point Sets on the GPU (2010)

In recent years, considerable research has been devoted to the efficient representation, modeling, processing and rendering of point-based models (point clouds). Due to their conceptual simplicity and superior flexibility, point-based representations evolved into a valuable alternative to polygonal meshes. This paper explores the problem of extracting direct visibility from point clouds without explicitly reconstructing the surface or estimating normal. The main contribution of this work is a hardware-accelerated hidden point removal operator. This operator is based on the GPU splatting technique combined with a morphological operation over the depth buffer to reduce the silhouette effect in the final image. The motivation to develop a new operator is the low efficiency demonstrated by existing hidden point removal methods in real time applications with large point clouds. We demonstrate that our proposal is useful for visualizing point clouds with interactive frame rates.
Urinary excretion of glycated protein determined with a specific radioimmunoassay (1991)

We developed a simple and highly sensitive RIA for glycated protein (GP), and used it to measure GP in serum and urine from 15 normal controls and 30 diabetics (14 with urinary excretion rate of albumin, Ualb less than 15 micrograms/min, group A; nine with 15 less than or equal to Ualb less than or equal to 150 micrograms/min, group B; and seven with Ualb greater than 150 micrograms/min, group C). The mean serum concentration of GP was above normal in all groups of diabetics, and the mean glycation ratios of serum protein (SGP) were higher in groups B and C than in normal subjects. Urinary concentrations of GP also were increased in groups B and C, although the glycation ratio of urinary protein (UGP) was decreased in group C. Consequently, the selectivity of urinary excretion of GP (UGP/SGP) was significantly decreased in group C. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the mean values of selectivity between groups of patients with various degrees of retinopathy. We suggest that measurements of serum and urinary GP are useful to evaluate the progression of diabetic complications.
Gaze-contingent control for minimally invasive robotic surgery (2006)

Objective: Recovering tissue depth and deformation during robotically assisted minimally invasive procedures is an important step towards motion compensation, stabilization and co-registration with preoperative data. This work demonstrates that eye gaze derived from binocular eye tracking can be effectively used to recover 3D motion and deformation of the soft tissue.
Overview on METEOSAT geometrical image data processing (1994)

Digital Images acquired from the geostationary METEOSAT satellites are processed and disseminated at ESA's European Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany. Their scientific value is mainly dependent on their radiometric quality and geometric stability. This paper will give an overview on the image processing activities performed at ESOC, concentrating on the geometrical restoration and quality evaluation. The performance of the rectification process for the various satellites over the past years will be presented and the impacts of external events as for instance the Pinatubo eruption in 1991 will be explained. Special developments both in hard and software, necessary to cope with demanding tasks as new image resampling or to correct for spacecraft anomalies, are presented as well. The rotating lens of MET-5 causing severe geometrical image distortions is an example for the latter.
History of the Greek Language - O. Hoffmann–A Debrunner: Geschichte der griechischen Sprache. i: Bis zum Ausgang der klassischen Zeit. ii: Grundfragen und Grundzüge des nachklassischen Griechisch. (Sammlung Göschen, Bände 111/111a, 114/114a.) Vierte und Zweite Auflage, bearbeitet von A. Scherer. Pp. 147, 134. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1969. Paper, DM. 5.80 each vol. (1972)

History of the Greek Language - O. Hoffmann–A Debrunner: Geschichte der griechischen Sprache. i: Bis zum Ausgang der klassischen Zeit. ii: Grundfragen und Grundzüge des nachklassischen Griechisch. (Sammlung Göschen, Bände 111/111a, 114/114a.) Vierte und Zweite Auflage, bearbeitet von A. Scherer. Pp. 147, 134. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1969. Paper, DM. 5.80 each vol. - Volume 22 Issue 1
Introduction (2013)

This is a military history of the Ottoman army and selected counterinsurgency campaigns, which it waged in the last days of the empire it served. It is a military history of insurrection and counterinsurgency in the Ottoman Empire from 1878 to 1915. The author recognizes that the use of the contemporary term "counterinsurgency" in this book is ahistorical in the sense that this term was not commonly used in the early twentieth century.2 He would also like to note that this study leaves out a number of important Ottoman counterinsurgency campaigns in order to meet the limitations of the publisher's word count, examples of which are the Kurdish, Arab, Greco-Macedonian, and Sanussi rebellions.KeywordsNational SecurityMilitary HistoryContemporary TermArmenian PopulationPopulation RelocationThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
QSAR of the inhibition of glyoxalase by S-substituted glutathiones. (1979)

A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) has been formulated for the inhibition of glyoxalase I from yeast by 37 S-substituted glutathiones: log 1/C = 1.23 pi' + 1.20 MR4 - 0.67 I1 - 0.14 pi'2 + 1.85 C in this expression is the molar concentration of inhibitor producing 50% inhibition, pi' is the usual hydrophobic parameter modified for certain substituents, MR4 is the molar refractivity of certain p-phenyl substituents, and I1 is an indicator variable for those congeners with an acetylated alpha-amino group. This equation should be of help in the design of more effective inhibitors which may be of value in cancer chemotherapy.
Rapid Method for Determination of Microgram Amounts of Silicon by Colorimetric Procedures. (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRapid Method for Determination of Microgram Amounts of Silicon by Colorimetric Procedures.Charles. HoxdicCite this: Anal. Chem. 1966, 38, 11, 1626–1627Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60243a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60243a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts