gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Realistic Decision Making for Task Allocation in Heterogeneous Multi-agent Systems (2016)

Task allocation is one of the keys to maximize organizational benefits by handling as many tasks as possible. Many computational multi-agent systems use agent's capability for task allocation. When a task arrives at the queue to be delivered a task allocator will determine which takes the task by finding the best-capable agent. In real world situation, each agent should not only consider the new task with their capability, but also tasks that they are currently handling before sending their capability to the task allocator. This research study proposes a CPU-scheduling based algorithm to allow agents to perform rational decision making when they think that they can handle the new task while taking care of its current tasks. The result shows that applying algorithm provide a significant improvement of their performance.
DATA, INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE (DIK) : Challenges in a Changing Society (2002)

In this issue of your Journal of your Japanese Society on Illfbrmation and Knowledge,Iwish to highlight the great changes that occurred in the Iast fifty years. As the history of Science and [[eehnology did not begin during that period, I want to underline the characteristics of the classical approaches to Science, resulting from a long history of pragmatic and intellectual contributions, The 19th century introduced numerous changes in our knowledge whose effects converged in the present Infbrmation Revolution which is, in reality, a Knowledge Revolution. After a first section on ST aspects, I think it proper to elaborate on the structural changes in Infbrmation Circulation, first within the ST community and then in the world at large, via the present and future communicatien frameworks.
Gaze-corrected view generation using stereo camera system for immersive videoconferencing (2011)

In this paper, we present an immersive videoconferencing system that enables gaze correction between users in the internet protocol TV (IPTV) environment. After we capture the object using stereo cameras, we perform preprocessing techniques, such as camera calibration, color correction, and image rectification. The preprocessed images are down-sampled and disparities are computed by using the downsampled images. The disparity sequence is then filtered to improve temporal consistency. After central view synthesis, occlusion areas are decided and holes are filled. The entire system is implemented with parallel programming that is executed on the GPU for realtime processing. Finally, the user can observe the gaze-corrected image through display. From experimental results, we have verified that the proposed stereo camera system is sufficient to generate the natural gaze-corrected virtual image and realize immersive videoconferencing.
Bacterial Virulence Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates from First-Time Urinary Tract Infection (1995)

The frequency of nine potential Escherichia coli urinary tract infection (UTI) virulence factors was investigated among 216 isolates from 208 women 18-40 years old with first-time UTI. Factors were afimbrial adhesions I-IV and F1845 pili (drb), aerobactin (aer), group II capsules (kpsMT), cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (cnf1), alpha-hemolysin (hly), outer membrane protease T (ompT), Pap and Prs pili (prf), S fimbriae (sfa), and type 1 pili (fim). Women were enrolled at two sites. Pairwise comparisons found 14 statistically significant associations between virulence genes after correcting for multiple comparisons. This is the first report of five associations: aer and drb, kpsMT and ompT, ompT and cnf1, ompT and sfa, and prf and ompT. As ompT is not closely linked genetically to kpsMT, cnf1, prf, or sfa, ompT may be functionally linked with one or more of these other virulence factors.
OneBac 2.0: <i>Sf</i> 9 Cell Lines for Production of AAV5 Vectors with Enhanced Infectivity and Minimal Encapsidation of Foreign DNA (2015)

Scalable production of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors (rAAV) in baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells yields high burst sizes but variable infectivity rates per packaged AAV vector genome depending on the chosen serotype. Infectivity rates are particularly low for rAAV5 vectors, based on the genetically most divergent AAV serotype. In this study we describe key improvements of the OneBac system for the generation of rAAV5 vectors, whose manufacturing has been unsatisfactory in all current insect cell-based production systems. The Sf9 cell-based expression strategy for AAV5 capsid proteins was modified to enhance relative AAV5 VP1 levels. This resulted in a 100-fold boost of infectivity per genomic AAV5 particle with undiminished burst sizes per producer cell. Furthermore, the issue of collateral packaging of helper DNA into AAV capsids was approached. By modifications of the AAV rep and cap expression constructs used for the generation of stable Sf9 cell lines, collateral packaging of helper DNA sequences during rAAV vector production was dramatically reduced down to 0.001% of packaged rAAV genomes, while AAV5 burst sizes and infectivity rates were maintained. OneBac 2.0 represents the first insect cell-based scalable production system for high per-particle AAV5 infectivity rates combined with minimal collateral packaging of helper DNA, allowing the manufacturing of safe AAV5-based gene therapies for clinical application.
Single cells or large populations? (2007)

Helene Andersson Svahn and Albert van den Berg discuss the emerging field of single cell analysis on chip—part of a series of mini-reviews covering new trends in fundamental and applied research, and potential applications of miniaturised technologies.
Microbead‐based affinity chromatography chip using RNA aptamer modified with photocleavable linker (2004)

A microbead-based affinity chromatography chip (micro-BACC) controlling hundreds of nanoliters of reaction volume was developed to separate and analyze hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase protein by immobilization of an RNA aptamer on beads. A photocleavable linker was conjugated in between the beads and the aptamer to elute the bound RNA polymerase from the RNA aptamer in one step by UV irradiation, resulting in an efficient method to elute and identify the target molecule bound on RNA using a mass spectrometer. This linker showed a cleavage activity over 70% upon UV irradiation at 1050 mW/cm2 for more than 5 min. The photoelution method could prevent the target molecule from contaminations in affinity chromatography caused by elution solutions of high salt concentration, extreme pH and detergent, respectively. In this chip, sample reagents up to 800 nL could be metered quantitatively into the bead chamber using a nanoliter dispenser working, based on surface-guided flow control and pneumatic control by external air pressure on the chip. RNA polymerase eluted after UV irradiation was successfully analyzed by trypsin treatment without additional purification. As a result, using the aptamer, we could detect RNA polymerase from 800 nL hepatitis C patient serum containing 96 fmol HCV RNA polymerase. The detection limit of this system was estimated to be 9.6 fmol HCV RNA polymerase.
Thermodynamic Analyses of Open Tube Germanium Disproportionation Reactions (1964)

In order to define conditions most suitable for iodine transport of pure or gallium doped germanium, the equilibria that obtain when these elements, singly or together, are mixed with iodine or hydrogen iodide in the presence of hydrogen and/or inert gases were analyzed using computer techniques. It was found that Ge in the presence of an inert carrier gas should transport via a hot to cold process at all iodine pressures studied. These results are markedly perturbed when H2 is substituted for the inert gas due to the establishment of a competing equilibrium whose enthalpic change is opposite in sign to that of the equilibrium responsible for semiconductor transport. The effects of the competing equilibrium in turn may be modified by using a mixture of H2 and He. Under certain sets of conditions, in fact, temperature insensitive regions develop which appear to be suitable as semiconductor source and seed sites. The results for the gallium‐iodine equilibrium are to a good first approximation independent of the nature of the carrier gas and indicate that hot to cold transport is to be expected over a wide range of iodine concentrations. Analyses of the three phase equilibrium in Ge‐Ga‐halogen systems show them to also be independent of the nature of the carrier gas.
Drowsy power management (2015)

Portable computing devices have fast multi-core processors, large memories, and many on-board sensors and radio interfaces, but are often limited by their energy consumption. Traditional power management subsystems have been extended for smartphones and other portable devices, with the intention of maximizing the time that the devices are in a low-power "sleep" state. The approaches taken by these subsystems prove inefficient for many short-lived tasks common to portable devices, e.g., querying a sensor or polling a cloud service.
[Quantitative backscatter imaging]. (1999)

Some methods for producing quantitative backscatter images are presented. As a basis, the data reduction method calculates absolute coefficient. The reference phantom method is easier to implement for clinical application. An application method is also presented which separates the contributions of scatter size and scattering strength to backscatter signal and displays Size image and Strength image separately. This method is generally accepted by the medical community. At last, the recent development of ultrasonic backscatter imaging is reviewed.
Ring opening–cross metathesis of unstrained cycloalkenes (2001)

Unstrained cycloalkenes undergo ruthenium-catalysed ring opening-cross metathesis reactions with simple alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds under mild conditions.
Molecular dynamics simulations with machine learning potential for Nb-doped lithium garnet-type oxide <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>Li</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>La</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>Zr</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Nb</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>12</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2018)

Lithium garnet-type oxide ${\mathrm{Li}}_{7}{\mathrm{La}}_{3}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (LLZO) is one of the most promising solid electrolyte materials. In this study, the Li conduction properties of Nb-doped LLZO, ${\mathrm{Li}}_{6.75}{\mathrm{La}}_{3}({\mathrm{Zr}}_{1.75}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{0.25}){\mathrm{O}}_{12}$, have been investigated by molecular dynamics simulations with the machine learning potential. It is shown that Nb-doped LLZO holds a high-conductivity cubic structure at low temperatures. Two kinds of Li occupation sites, $24d$ and $96h$, are correctly predicted, which form the three-dimensional network of the Li migration pathway. The Li conductivity at 298 K and the activation energy are obtained as ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{Li}}=5.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\phantom{\rule{3.33333pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{S}/\mathrm{cm}$ and ${E}_{a}=223\phantom{\rule{3.33333pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{meV}$, respectively, which are in reasonably good agreement with the experimental data. The free energy difference between the $24d$ and $96h$ sites is expected to be negligibly small. This most likely contributes a high Li conductivity in the Nb-doped LLZO. The Nb substitution for Zr is accompanied with the Li vacancy formation due to the charge neutrality condition, which stabilizes the cubic phase and enhance the Li conduction. The Nb substitution, however, also has a negative effect. The supervalency of the ${\mathrm{Nb}}^{5+}$ ion destabilizes the Li atoms at the surrounding $96h$ sites. The Li conductivity in Nb-doped LLZO is determined by trading off between these effects.
A critical crosslink region in human‐bone‐derived collagen type I (1990)

Collagen was extracted from human adult bone by limited pepsin digestion and collagen types were purified by consecutive salt precipitation first under neutral and then under acid conditions. In SDS/PAGE, all collagen type I preparations showed a protein band [alpha 1s(I)] migrating between alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) as well as a band [alpha 2s(I)] migrating in front of alpha 2(I). The collagenous nature of the pepsin-stable alpha 1s(I) protein was clearly demonstrated by digestion with human-leucocyte-derived collagenase, immunoblotting with antibodies against collagen type I and amino acid analysis. Partial amino acid sequencing of alpha 1(I) and alpha 1s(I) identified alpha 1s(I) as a shortened alpha 1(I) chain due to a specific cleavage site between residues Leu95 and Asp96 which is in close vicinity to the hydroxylysine-derived crosslink at position 87. In circular dichroism, the proportion of thermally labile collagen molecules was proportional to the amount of shortened alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) chains, respectively. The melting temperature was found to be 36 +/- 0.5 degrees C as judged from circular dichroism and susceptibility to proteolysis. Our data provide clear evidence that a shortened alpha 1-derived collagen chain can be extracted from human adult bone whereas it is hardly found in human skin. The unique cleavage site might provide important information about the collagen I molecule embedded in the calcified matrix of human bone.
A fast and automatic approach for removing artefacts due to immobilisation masks in X-ray CT (2017)

Immobilisation masks are fixation devices that are used when administering radiotherapy treatment to patients with tumours affecting the head and neck. Radiotherapy planning X-ray Computer Tomography (CT) data sets for these patients are captured with the immobilisation mask fitted and manually editing the X-ray CT images to remove artefacts due to the mask is time consuming and error prone. This paper represents the first study that employs a fast and automatic approach to remove image artefacts due to masks in X-ray CT images without affecting pixel values representing tissue. Our algorithm uses a fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimisation of Otsu's method combined with morphological post-processing to classify pixels belonging to the mask. The proposed approach is tested on five X-ray CT data sets and achieves an average specificity of 92.01% and sensitivity of 99.39%. We also present results demonstrating the comparative speed-up obtained by fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimisation.
Nanoink bridge-induced capillary pen printing for chemical sensors (2018)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are used as a key component for chemical sensors. For miniature scale design, a continuous printing method is preferred for electrical conductance without damaging the substrate. In this paper, a non-contact capillary pen printing method is presented by the formation of a nanoink bridge between the nib of a capillary pen and a polyethylene terephthalate film. A critical parameter for stable printing is the advancing contact angle at the bridge meniscus, which is a function of substrate temperature and printing speed. The printed pattern including dots, lines, and films of SWCNTs are characterized by morphology, optical transparency, and electrical properties. Gas and pH sensors fabricated using the non-contact printing method are demonstrated as applications.
Microfabrication cellular phosphors (1989)

Phosphor screens with densely packed cellular arrays of ∼108 μ and sub-μ diam CsI phosphor columns having ∼10:1 aspect ratios were prepared using microfabrication techniques. Uniformly sized, optically isolated phosphor columns were formed in screens designed for micron-resolution imaging of 5–15 keV x-rays in a microtomography application. Micron-sized cells were prepared by etching fiberoptic faceplates, and smaller cells were formed from a lithographic mask of monodisperse spherical polymer colloidal particles. A defect free lithographic mask of monodisperse colloidal particles was created using a ‘‘Langmuir–Blodgett like’’ coating technique. The cells were then uniformly loaded with CsI (Na activated) phosphor so that variations in the quantum efficiency across the screen were less than 33%.
Contribution of endothelial cells to organogenesis: a modern reappraisal of an old Aristotelian concept (2007)

It is well established that many tissue-derived factors are involved in blood vessel formation, but evidence is now emerging that endothelial cells themselves represent a crucial source of instructive signals to non-vascular tissue cells during organ development. Thus, endothelial cell signalling is currently believed to promote fundamental cues for cell fate specification, embryo patterning, organ differentiation and postnatal tissue remodelling. This review article summarizes some of the recent advances in our understanding of the role of endothelial cells as effector cells in organ formation.
Process Zirconia Oxygen Analyzer — State of ArtZirkondioxid-Sauerstoffsensoren — Stand der Technik (2010)

Abstract <p>Different aspects of industrial zirconia oxygen sensor probes, i. e., design and application limits are discussed in details. Special consideration is given to the practical aspects of the oxygen sensor design.</p>
A theoretical model for magneto-acoustic imaging of bioelectric currents (1994)

A theoretical model of magneto-acoustic current imaging is derived, based on fundamental equations of continuum mechanics and electromagnetism. In electrically active tissue, the interaction between an applied magnetic field, B, and action currents, J, creates a pressure distribution. In the near field limit, this pressure obeys Poisson's equation, with a source term (∇ x J ) · B. The displacement and pressure fields are calculated for a dipole (q), oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the applied magnetic field (B), at the center of an elastic, conducting sphere (radius a, shear modulus G). Surface displacements are on the order of qB/(4πGa), which is about 1 nm for typical biological parameters. If the applied magnetic field is changing with time, eddy currents induced in the tissue may be larger than the action currents themselves. The frequency of the pressure and displacement arising from these eddy currents, however, is twice the frequency of the applied magnetic field, so it may be possible to eliminate this artifact by filtering or lock-in techniques. Magneto-acoustic and biomagnetic measurements both image ∇ x J in a similar way, although magneto-acoustic current imaging has the disadvantage that acoustic properties vary among tissues to a greater degree than do magnetic properties.
Relationship between molecular structure and moisture‐retention ability of carboxymethyl chitin and chitosan (2001)

Abstract Carboxymethyl chitins and chitosans (CM‐chitins, CM‐chitosans) of different substitution sites were prepared under different reaction conditions, and partially depolymerized carboxymethyl chitins of various molecular weights from 24.8 × 10 4 to 0.26 × 10 4 were obtained by degrading with chemical reagents. Degree of substitution (DS) was estimated by potentiometric titration. Substitution site was confirmed by infrared and 13 C‐NMR spectra. Molecular weights were determined with gel permeation chromatography and gel permeation chromatography combined with laser light scattering (GPC‐LLS). Moisture‐absorption and retention abilities of these compounds were tested in comparison with those of hyaluronic acid (HA). The results reveal that 6‐carboxymethyl group in the molecular structure of chitin and chitosan is a main active site responsible for moisture retention. Although carboxymethylation at OH‐3 and N position is not essential, they contribute to the ability. Moisture‐retention ability is also related to molecular weight; that is, higher molecular weight helps to improve moisture‐retention ability. 6‐ O ‐CM‐chitin (chitosan) with a DS above 0.8 and molecular weight higher than 24.8 × 10 4 has the potential to substitute for HA for use in cosmetics and clinical medicine. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1233–1241, 2002
A Design Methodology and Analysis for Transformer-Based Class-E Power Amplifier (2019)

This paper proposes a new technique and design methodology on a transformer-based Class-E complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) power amplifier (PA) with only one transformer and two capacitors in the load network. An analysis of this amplifier is presented together with an accurate and simple design procedure. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The following performance parameters are determined for optimum operation: The current and voltage waveform, the peak value of drain current and drain-to-source voltage, the output power, the efficiency and the component values of the load network are determined to be essential for optimum operation. The measured drain efficiency (DE) and power-added efficiency (PAE) is over 70% with 10-dBm output power at 2.4 GHz, using a 65 nm CMOS process technology.
Investigational agents for treatment of traumatic brain injury (2015)

TBI elicits both complex degenerative and regenerative tissue responses in the brain. TBI can lead to cognitive, behavioral, and motor deficits. Although numerous promising neuroprotective treatment options have emerged from preclinical studies that mainly target the lesion, translation of preclinical effective neuroprotective drugs to clinical trials has proven challenging. Accumulating evidence indicates that the mammalian brain has a significant, albeit limited, capacity for both structural and functional plasticity, as well as regeneration essential for spontaneous functional recovery after injury. A new therapeutic approach is to stimulate neurovascular remodeling by enhancing angiogenesis, neurogenesis, oligodendrogenesis, and axonal sprouting, which in concert, may improve neurological functional recovery after TBI.
A simplified means for computation for interconnect distributed capacitances and inductances (1992)

A simplified, approximate means for computing the distributed capacitance and inductance matrices for TEM-mode (or quasi-TEM-mode) single or multiple transmission lines is presented. Cases with multiple dielectrics and/or ground planes are included. The conductors used may be either rectangular or planar. Simplicity is achieved by use of the method of moments along with two physically meaningful charge basis functions per conductor face. The techniques utilized are relatively easy to program and result in fast programs which are accurate for many important geometries. Such programs should be suitable for inclusion as subroutines in larger CAD programs for analysis and design of high-speed digital or microwave circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 inhibitor, Ubenimex, enhances radiation sensitivity in human cervical cancer (2008)

Although further studies are needed, this report suggests that Ubeniemx acts as a radiosensitizer in cervical cancer treatment, and that the inhibition of APN/CD13 activity may represent a new approach for improving the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer.
Structurally Altered Substrates for DNA Topoisomerase. I. Effects of Inclusion of a Single 3'-Deoxynucleotide Within the Scissile Strand (1998)

A partial DNA duplex containing a high efficiency topoisomerase I cleavage site was substituted singly at each of three sites with 3'-deoxyadenosine. Depending on the site of substitution, the facility of the topoisomerase I-mediated cleavage or ligation reactions was altered. Inclusion of the modified nucleoside at the 5'-end of the acceptor oligonucleotide diminished the rate of religation following substrate cleavage by the enzyme.