gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The SWISS-MODEL Repository of annotated three-dimensional protein structure homology models (2003)

The SWISS-MODEL Repository is a database of annotated three-dimensional comparative protein structure models generated by the fully automated homology-modelling pipeline SWISS-MODEL. The Repository currently contains about 300,000 three-dimensional models for sequences from the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL databases. The content of the Repository is updated on a regular basis incorporating new sequences, taking advantage of new template structures becoming available and reflecting improvements in the underlying modelling algorithms. Each entry consists of one or more three-dimensional protein models, the superposed template structures, the alignments on which the models are based, a summary of the modelling process and a force field based quality assessment. The SWISS-MODEL Repository can be queried via an interactive website at http://swissmodel.expasy. org/repository/. Annotation and cross-linking of the models with other databases, e.g. Swiss-Prot on the ExPASy server, allow for seamless navigation between protein sequence and structure information. The aim of the SWISS-MODEL Repository is to provide access to an up-to-date collection of annotated three-dimensional protein models generated by automated homology modelling, bridging the gap between sequence and structure databases.
Cell Differentiation and Morphogenesis Are Uncoupled in Arabidopsis raspberry Embryos. (1994)

We identified two Arabidopsis embryo mutants, designated as raspberry1 and raspberry2, by screening T-DNA-mutagenized Arabidopsis lines. Embryogenesis in these mutants is indistinguishable from that of wild-type plants until the late-globular stage, after which raspberry1 and raspberry2 embryos fail to undergo the transition to heart stage, remain globular shaped, and proliferate an enlarged suspensor region. raspberry1 and raspberry2 embryo-proper regions enlarge during embryogenesis, become highly vacuolate, and display prominent convex, or "raspberry-like" protuberances on their outer cell layers. In situ hybridization studies with several embryo cell-specific mRNA probes indicated that the raspberry1 and raspberry2 embryo-proper regions differentiate tissue layers in their correct spatial contexts and that the regulation of cell-specific genes within these layers is normal. Surprisingly, a similar spatial and temporal pattern of mRNA accumulation occurs within the enlarged suspensor region of raspberry1 and raspberry2 embryos, suggesting that a defect in embryo-proper morphogenesis can cause the suspensor to take on an embryo-proper-like state and differentiate a radial tissue-type axis. We conclude that cell differentiation can occur in the absence of both organ formation and morphogenesis during plant embryogenesis and that interactions occur between the embryo-proper and suspensor regions.
Effect of non-acoustic properties on the sound a polyurethane foams (2015)

T R A C T In this paper the influence of non -acoustic properties on the sound absorption coefficient of polyurethane foams as a p orous medium is investigated. Biot’s equations with transfer matrix m approach are employed to evaluate the sound a bsorption coefficient of selected polyurethane foams. The major issue is the dependency of non acoustic properties on each other which makes diffi culties to examine the effect of parameters individually. Some facts from the results of previous works are us ed in order to overcome this prominent show that increasing the porosity doesn’t have a great influe nce on the sound absorption coefficient and only for highly porous f oams, raising porosity decreases the sound absorption performance. The i resistivity up to an optimized value, intensifies the Furthermore, for partially reticulated (partially o pen cell) foams, the increase of tortuosity improves the sound absorption efficie ncy at lower frequenc
Full wave modeling of electric coupling probes in combline resonators and filters (2002)

The electric coupling probe for combline resonators and filters is rigorously modeled by the full-wave mode matching method for the first time. The coupling structure is considered as a cascaded network of the resonator and stripline discontinuities, and is solved by cascading the generalized scattering matrices of all the discontinuities. As a result, the electric probe couplings of both rectangular and cylindrical combline resonators and filters can be accurately determined. The validation and accuracy of the method are verified by comparing the numerical results with the measured data and shown to be in good agreement.
Process Development of Halaven®: Synthesis of the C14-C35 Fragment via Iterative Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi Reaction-Williamson Ether Cyclization (2013)

Correction to: Process Development of Halaven®: Synthesis of the C14–C35 Fragment via Iterative Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi Reaction–Williamson Ether CyclizationSynlett 2013; 24(03): 327-332DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1317920
An 8-bit 100-MHz full-Nyquist analog-to-digital converter (1988)

An 8-bit 100-MHz full-Nyquist analog-to-digital (A/D) converter using a folding and interpolation architecture is presented. In a folding system a multiple use of comparator stages is implemented. A reduction in the number of comparators, equal to the number of times the signal is folded, is obtained. However, every quantization level requires a folding stage, thus no reduction in input circuitry is found. Interpolation between the outputs of the folding stages generates additional folding signals without the need for input stages. A reduction in input circuitry equal to the number of interpolations is obtained. The converter is implemented in an oxide-isolated bipolar process, requiring 800 mW from a single 5.2-V supply. A high-level model describing distortion caused by timing errors is presented. Considering clock timing accuracies needed to obtain the speed requirement, this distortion is thought to be the main speed limitation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hexapod control for an active secondary mirror: general concept and test results (1998)

Active control of the secondary mirror, mainly for correction of the decentering coma, is an essential tool for an active-optics telescope. The Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo is equipped with a secondary mirror supported by an hexapod mechanical structure, providing a positioning control with six degrees of freedom. The hexapod system has been built and tested to characterize its performance. The results show that the errors in the positioning of the secondary mirror lead to an aberration image well below the diffraction figure of the telescope.
Dielectric constants, viscosities, and related physical properties of several substituted liquid ureas at various temperatures (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDielectric constants, viscosities, and related physical properties of several substituted liquid ureas at various temperaturesJoseph Rosenfarb, Hugh L. Huffman Jr., and Joseph A. CarusoCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1976, 21, 2, 150–153Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60069a034https://doi.org/10.1021/je60069a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views457Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sucralfate attenuates gastric mucosal lesions and increased vascular permeability induced by ischaemia and reperfusion in rats (1997)

Recent evidence suggests that oxygen-derived free radicals are involved in mediating gastric microvascular and parenchymal cell injuries induced by ischaemia and reperfusion. Therefore, the effect of the locally acting anti-ulcer drug, sucralfate, was studied on ischaemia and reperfusion (e.g. induced gastric lesions, intraluminal bleeding, changes in vascular permeability and non-protein sulfhydryl levels in the rat stomach). Allopurinol was used as a known standard antioxidant drug. Rats were subjected to 30 min of gastric ischaemia in the presence of 100 mmol/L hydrochloric acid and reperfusion periods of 15, 30 or 60 min duration. The gastric lesions were assessed microscopically under an inverted microscope. The vascular permeability was quantified by measuring the extravasated Evans blue in the stomach. There were significantly greater numbers of gastric lesions, intraluminal bleeding and leakage of Evans blue during all reperfusion periods as compared with those of ischaemia, with maximum effects occurring at 60 min following reperfusion. Pretreatment with sucralfate (31.25-250 mg/kg, p.o.) or allopurinol (12.5-50 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before the procedure, dose-dependently reduced the gastric lesions, intraluminal bleeding, and decreased the vascular permeability induced by ischaemia and reperfusion. Furthermore, sucralfate dose-dependently reverses the ischaemia and reperfusion-induced depletion of mucosal non-protein sulfhydryl levels and inhibited the superoxide radical production in both cell-free xanthine-xanthine oxidase and in the stimulated polymorphonuclear cellular systems. These results suggest that the protection produced by sucralfate against gastric injury may be due to its antioxidant effects.
Ribavirin cures cells of a persistent infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus in vitro (1987)

Ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) eliminates foot-and-mouth disease virus from persistently infected cell cultures. The latter are 10-fold more sensitive to ribavirin than lytically infected cells. In treated cells no viral RNA or proteins could be detected by dot-blot hybridization to cDNA probes, virus and RNA infectivity assays, or immunofluorescence. A potential application of the drug for the treatment of animals carrying the virus is suggested.
Dendronized Silver Nanoparticles as Bacterial Membrane Permeabilizers and Their Interactions With P. aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharides, Lysozymes, and Phage-Derived Endolysins (2019)

Antimicrobial proteins, like lysozymes produced by animals or bacteriophage lysins, enable the degradation of bacterial peptidoglycan (PG) and, consequently, lead to bacterial cell lysis. However, the activity of those enzymes is not satisfactory against gram-negative bacteria because of the presence of an outer membrane (OM) barrier. Lytic enzymes can therefore be combined with membrane-disrupting agents, such as dendritic silver nanoparticles. Nevertheless, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS), especially the smooth type, could be the main hindrance for highly charged nanoparticles to get direct access to the bacterial OM and to help lytic enzymes to reach their target PG. Herein, we have investigated the interactions of PEGylated carbosilane dendritic nanoparticles with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> 010 LPS in the presence of lysozymes and KP27 endolysin to find out the main aspects of the OM destabilization process. Our results showed that PEGylated dendronized AgNPs overcame the LPS barrier and enhanced the antibacterial effect of endolysin more efficiently than unPEGylated nanoparticles.
Fabrication of a High‐Brightness Blue‐Light‐Emitting Diode Using a ZnO‐Nanowire Array Grown on p‐GaN Thin Film (2009)

Bright n-ZnO nanowire/p-GaN film hybrid heterojunction light-emitting-diode (LED) devices are fabricated by directly growing n-type ZnO-nanowire arrays on p-GaN wafers. UV–blue electroluminescence emission was observed from the heterojunction diodes, and the heterojunction LED device exhibited a high sensitivity in responding to UV irradiation.
The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and locoregional melanoma: a multicentre cohort study (2020)

The NLR is associated with the volume of melanoma at presentation and may predict occult sentinel lymph metastases. Further prospective work is required to investigate how NLR may be modelled against other clinicopathological variables to predict outcomes and to understand the temporal changes in NLR following surgery for melanoma.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Governed Anti-Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Hetero-Diels−Alder Reaction of Glyoxylate (2009)

A highly enantioselective anti-diastereoselective hetero-Diels-Alder reaction between a glyoxylate and siloxy- or methoxydienes using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst that possesses less bulky phenyl groups at the 3 and 3' positions of binaphthyl has been developed. The diastereoselectivities presented are disparate to those previously reported for hetero-Diels-Alder reactions catalyzed by a chiral Lewis acid.
Association of umbilical venous with inferior vena cava blood flow velocities. (1991)

The fetal cardiac and placental circulations are interconnected through the umbilical venous and arterial vasculature. We hypothesized that alterations in umbilical venous blood flow velocities are present in fetuses with abnormal umbilical arterial circulation, and further, that changes in inferior vena cava blood flow velocities occur with, and might explain, these variations in umbilical venous blood flow velocities. Umbilical venous and inferior vena cava blood flow velocities were examined in 15 normal fetuses and in 59 fetuses with abnormalities that included absent end-diastolic umbilical artery blood flow velocities (N = 21) or abnormal heart rates (N = 27). Inferior vena cava velocities were also analyzed in 11 other fetuses with anomalies or known growth or placental abnormalities who had abnormal umbilical venous blood flow velocities. In normal fetuses, variations in umbilical venous velocities occurred during fetal activity or with fetal breathing; however, no variation in velocity corresponded with heart rate. Eleven of 21 fetuses with absent end-diastolic velocities in the umbilical artery demonstrated decreases in umbilical venous velocities ("venous pulsations") during arterial diastole. Blood flow velocities in the reverse direction, from the right atrium into the inferior vena cava with atrial contraction, were significantly greater in these fetuses than in those without umbilical venous pulsations (27.5 +/- 14.9% and 7.5 +/- 5.7% of total forward flow velocity, respectively; P less than .001). Venous pulsations were also seen in fetuses with abnormally fast or slow heart rates; reverse flow with atrial contraction in the inferior vena cava was likewise greater than normal in these fetuses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Competition between forward- and backward-stimulated photorefractive scattering in BaTiO_3 (1987)

The gain–length product for two-wave mixing in photorefractive BaTiO3 is calculated as a function of the angles between a pump beam and a scattered beam and the crystal c axis. The gain–length product at times shortly after the pump is turned on often shows a maximum for backscattering, whereas the steady-state gain–length product is usually maximized for near-forward scattering (an angle of about 10° between the pump and scattered beams). The calculations suggest that backscattering will be optimized in a hole-dominated crystal with a large trap density.
Discriminative models for multi-instance problems with tree-structure (2017)

Modeling network traffic is gaining importance in order to counter modern threats of ever increasing sophistication. It is though surprisingly difficult and costly to construct reliable classifiers on top of telemetry data due to the variety and complexity of signals that no human can manage to interpret in full. Obtaining training data with sufficiently large and variable body of labels can thus be seen as prohibitive problem. The goal of this work is to detect infected computers by observing their HTTP(S) traffic collected from network sensors, which are typically proxy servers or network firewalls, while relying on only minimal human input in model training phase. We propose a discriminative model that makes decisions based on all computer's traffic observed during predefined time window (5 minutes in our case). The model is trained on collected traffic samples over equally sized time window per large number of computers, where the only labels needed are human verdicts about the computer as a whole (presumed infected vs. presumed clean). As part of training the model itself recognizes discriminative patterns in traffic targeted to individual servers and constructs the final high-level classifier on top of them. We show the classifier to perform with very high precision, while the learned traffic patterns can be interpreted as Indicators of Compromise. In the following we implement the discriminative model as a neural network with special structure reflecting two stacked multi-instance problems. The main advantages of the proposed configuration include not only improved accuracy and ability to learn from gross labels, but also automatic learning of server types (together with their detectors) which are typically visited by infected computers.
Effects of PKC on (-) epigallocatechin 3 gallate mediated apoptosis in LoVo cells (2000)

AIM To investigate the regulatoin of PKC in (-) epigallocatechin 3 gallate(EGCG) induced apoptosis in human colon carcinoma LoVo cells. METHODS The expression level of a few PKC isozymes were determined by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis, respectively. The cellular total activities of PKC were detected by PKC activity assay kit after treatment of LoVo cells with EGCG, in the presence or absence of preteatment of LoVo cells with phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate (PMA), a potent PKC stimulator. RESULTS EGCG induced apoptosis in LoVo cells was in part inhibited by the pretreatment with 100 nmol·L -1 PMA for 3 hours. Treatment of LoVo cells with EGCG downregulated the expression level of a few protein kinase C isozymes including cPKCα, βⅠ, βⅡ, nPKCe, and aPKCξ in a time dependent manner. However, there were no obvious alterations of the cellular total activities of PKC. CONCLUSION PKC participates in the regulatory effects on EGCG induced apoptosis in LoVo cells, which is mainly mediated by EGCG induced downregulation of the expression level of a few protein kinase C isozymes rather than the cellular total activities of PKC.
Sharpless Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Olefins in WaterSurfactant Media with Recycling of the Catalytic System by Membrane Nanofiltration (2008)

Abstract This paper presents a new and more sustainable alternative approach for the Sharpless catalytic asymmetric dihydroxylation (AD) of olefins using a water/surfactant system as reaction media. The AD reaction was performed using several cationic and anionic surfactants allowing yields and enantiomeric excesses higher or comparable with the conventional systems (using organic mixtures). The use of this water/surfactant medium offers the additional advantage of performing the reactions without the need of a slow addition of olefins. Asymmetric dihydroxylation of 1‐hexene in a 1.5 mM sodium cholate aqueous solution, using N ‐methylmorpholine N ‐oxide (NMO) as co‐oxidant was selected as model system to evaluate the feasibility of recycling the Sharpless catalytic system by nanofiltration. The reaction media was processed by nanofiltration, the product was isolated in the permeate, whereas the catalytic system and surfactant were retained by the membrane and recycled through six successive reactions, improving the catalyst turn‐over number. The experimental results were compared with the ones calculated on the basis of mass balances, membrane rejections to product and reaction yields.
Biosynthesis of the Halogenated Mycotoxin Aspirochlorine in Koji Mold Involves a Cryptic Amino Acid Conversion (2014)

Aspirochlorine (1) is an epidithiodiketopiperazine (ETP) toxin produced from koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae), which has been used in the oriental cuisine for over two millennia. Considering its potential risk for food safety, we have elucidated the molecular basis of aspirochlorine biosynthesis. By a combination of genetic and chemical analyses we found the acl gene locus and identified the key role of AclH as a chlorinase. Stable isotope labeling, biotransformation, and mutational experiments, analysis of intermediates and an in vitro adenylation domain assay gave totally unexpected insights into the acl pathway: Instead of one Phe and one Gly, two Phe units are assembled by an iterative non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS, AclP), followed by halogenation and an unprecedented Phe to Gly amino acid conversion. Biological assays showed that both amino acid transformations are required to confer cytotoxicity and antifungal activity to the mycotoxin.
Dormancy studies in seed of <i>Avena fatua</i>. 10. On the inheritance of germination behaviour (1979)

Breeding experiments were performed with pure lines of Avena fatua differing characteristically in duration of primary seed dormancy. The results indicate that the parental lines differ for at least three genes controlling rate of afterripening. It is evident that at least two of these genes influence the rate of afterripening at different periods after seed maturation.
Quantitative analysis of copper contamination in silicon by surface photovoltage minority carrier lifetime analysis (2001)

Surface photovoltage minority carrier lifetime/diffusion length analysis of copper contaminated silicon was performed. It was observed that copper and copper associated defects degrade minority carrier lifetime more in n-type than in p-type silicon. In n-type silicon the copper associated defect exhibits strong hole capture and thus minority carrier lifetimes are greatly reduced. There are few electron traps reported in p-type silicon and the Cus-Cui pair is only a weak electron recombination center. Further in copper contaminated p-type silicon, an optical or thermal activation procedure is shown to significantly degrade the minority carrier diffusion length. A process similar to that of Fe-B in p-type silicon is proposed. The activation process dissociates the Cu-Cu pairs and forms extended substitutional defects in silicon, which have much greater recombination activity. No recovery of diffusion length was observed following such an activation procedure. The change in phase of copper with low temperature thermal annealing is shown to follow an Arrhenius relationship. The dissociation has an activation energy of 0.419eV. The difference in diffusion length recovery properties in copper and iron contaminated silicon, after optical/thermal activation is used to differentiate and delineate iron contamination from copper contamination and allows for detection and assessment of interstitial copper contamination in silicon.
Clinical evidence for an LH 'ceiling' effect induced by administration of recombinant human LH during the late follicular phase of stimulated cycles in World Health Organization type I and type II anovulation (2003)

Results of this pilot study suggest that rLH alone can trigger follicular growth arrest in a significant number of patients, suggesting the existence of an 'LH ceiling' during late follicular maturation.