gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering Adaptive Model-Driven User Interfaces (2016)

Software applications that are very large-scale, can encompass hundreds of complex user interfaces (UIs). Such applications are commonly sold as feature-bloated off-the-shelf products to be used by people with variable needs in the required features and layout preferences. Although many UI adaptation approaches were proposed, several gaps and limitations including: extensibility and integration in legacy systems, still need to be addressed in the state-of-the-art adaptive UI development systems. This paper presents Role-Based UI Simplification (RBUIS) as a mechanism for increasing usability through adaptive behavior by providing end-users with a minimal feature-set and an optimal layout, based on the context-of-use. RBUIS uses an interpreted runtime model-driven approach based on the Cedar Architecture, and is supported by the integrated development environment (IDE), Cedar Studio. RBUIS was evaluated by integrating it into OFBiz, an open-source ERP system. The integration method was assessed and measured by establishing and applying technical metrics. Afterwards, a usability study was carried out to evaluate whether UIs simplified with RBUIS show an improvement over their initial counterparts. This study leveraged questionnaires, checking task completion times and output quality, and eye-tracking. The results showed that UIs simplified with RBUIS significantly improve end-user efficiency, effectiveness, and perceived usability.
Immobilized azobenzenes for the construction of photoresponsive materials (2010)

The immobilization of molecular switches onto inorganic supports has recently become a hot topic as it can give rise to novel hybrid materials in which the properties of the two components are mutually enhanced. Even more attractive is the concept of “transferring” the switchable characteristics of single layers of organic molecules onto the underlying inorganic components, rendering them responsive to external stimuli as well. Of the various molecular switches studied, azobenzene (AB) has arguably attracted most attention due to its simple molecular structure, and because its “trigger” (light) is a noninvasive one, it can be delivered instantaneously, and into a precise location. In order to fully realize its potential, however, it is necessary to immobilize AB onto solid supports. It is the goal of this manuscript to comprehensively yet concisely review such hybrid systems which comprise AB forming well-defined self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on planar and curved (colloidal and nanoporous) inorganic surfaces. I discuss methods to immobilize AB derivatives onto surfaces, strategies to ensure efficient AB isomerization, ways to monitor the switching process, properties of these switchable hybrid materials, and, last but not least, their emerging applications.
STUDIES ON INFLAMMATION (1961)

While it is an established fact that histamine and serotonin increase the permeability of blood vessels, the exact portion of the vascular tree which is so affected has not been conclusively demonstrated. The present study was undertaken to clarify this point. Our experiments were based on a method to which we refer as "vascular labeling," and which permits one to identify leaking vessels by means of visible accumulations of foreign particles within their walls. The mechanism of the labeling, elucidated by previous electron microscopic studies, is the following. Histamine and serotonin cause the endothelial cells of certain vessels to separate, and thus to create discrete intercellular gaps. Plasma escapes through these gaps, and filters through the basement membrane. If the plasma has been previously loaded (by intravenous injection) with colloidal particles of a black material such as carbon or mercuric sulfide, these particles-too large to pass through the basement membrane-will be retained and accumulate in visible amounts within the wall of the leaking vessel. This method is used to maximal advantage if the tissue is cleared and examined by transillumination in toto, so that leaking vessels can be accurately identified in their relationship to the vascular tree. As a test tissue we used the rat cremaster, a laminar striated muscle which can be easily excised with its vascular supply virtually intact. The rats were prepared with an intravenous injection of carbon or HgS, and a subcutaneous injection into the scrotum of histamine, serotonin, or NaCl (as a control). The injected drug diffused into the underlying cremaster and the vessels became labeled. One hour later, when the carbon had been cleared from the blood stream, the animal was killed. The cremaster was excised, stretched, fixed in formalin, cleared in glycerin, and examined by transillumination under a light microscope. The lesions induced by histamine and serotonin were identical. The leaking vessels, as indicated by the carbon deposits, always belonged to the venous side of the circulation. The heaviest deposits were found in venules 20 to 30 micra in diameter. The deposits decreased towards larger venules up to a maximum diameter of 75 to 80 micra, and towards the finer vessels until the caliber reached approximately 7 micra. Essentially spared by the deposits were the finest vessels, 4 to 7 micra in diameter, and constituting an extensive network oriented along the muscular fibers. By killing animals at varying intervals after the injections, it was found that the carbon particles were slowly removed from the vascular walls by the action of phagocytic cells. After 10 months there was still enough carbon locally to be recognized by the naked eye.
SE(3)-Transformers: 3D Roto-Translation Equivariant Attention Networks (2020)

We introduce the SE(3)-Transformer, a variant of the self-attention module for 3D point clouds and graphs, which is equivariant under continuous 3D roto-translations. Equivariance is important to ensure stable and predictable performance in the presence of nuisance transformations of the data input. A positive corollary of equivariance is increased weight-tying within the model. The SE(3)-Transformer leverages the benefits of self-attention to operate on large point clouds and graphs with varying number of points, while guaranteeing SE(3)-equivariance for robustness. We evaluate our model on a toy N-body particle simulation dataset, showcasing the robustness of the predictions under rotations of the input. We further achieve competitive performance on two real-world datasets, ScanObjectNN and QM9. In all cases, our model outperforms a strong, non-equivariant attention baseline and an equivariant model without attention.
Nanometer-scale self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers to control and prevent biofouling (2014)

Bacterial infections occur on nearly 4% of all implanted medical devices, leading to a loss in patient quality of life, higher medical costs, and in some cases permanent disability. These infections typically form biofilms that limit the effectiveness of antibiotics and may require removal of the device. Since the infections are difficult to cure once established, methods to prevent the initial bacterial infection have been investigated. Biocidal surfaces can be effective in preventing bacterial colonization, but they do not prevent the non-specific adhesion of biomacromolecules that are the precursor to bacterial attachment. Self-assembled monolayers can prevent biomacromolecule adsorption, but their effectiveness diminishes over time due to monolayer desorption. Robust amphiphilic copolymers that self-assemble into distinct phases on the nanometer-scale can prevent biomacromolecule adsorption, and subsequent organism adhesion and biofilm formation. These coatings phase separate on the length scale of biomacromolecules and disrupt their adhesion mechanism. In this review, the development of amphiphilic polymer architectures that phase separate on the nanometer-scale is discussed with a focus on the different amphiphilic copolymer architectures used and their prevention of biofouling. Though a nascent technique in this field, phase separated amphiphilic copolymer coatings have significant potential to prevent bacterial infections on implanted medical devices.
TVBDs coexistence by leverage sensing and geo-location database (2012)

Due to the transition to digital TV (DTV); recently, many countries allow TV white spaces to be used by unlicensed devices. TV White Spaces is considered as an important step towards providing broadband access to millions of digital dividend household around the world and enabling a wide range of innovative wireless devices and services. The key challenge of TV white space systems is to have capabilities to avoid causing harmful interference to licensed services in the TV band as well as unlicensed devices. This requires that TV band devices (TVBDs) must be aware of the presence of each other and with incumbent devices in TV band. Specifically, TVBDs should have the ability to determine whether a TV channel or frequency band is unused before it could transmit. Due to the difficulties associated with sensing and to ensure high protection to broadcaster devices, geo-location database has been proposed recently, where each devices before transmit need to contact the database -at least once per day- and get the idle frequency carrier.
Metal electrons and catalysis (1946)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
The world according to Maf (1997)

Maf family proteins are so named because of their structural similarity to the founding member, the oncoprotein v-Maf. The small Maf proteins (MafF, MafG and MafK), as do all family members, include a characteristic basic region linked to a leucine zipper (b-Zip) domain which mediate DNA binding and subunit dimerization respectively. The small Maf proteins form homodimers or heterodimers with other b-Zip proteins present in the cell and bind to Maf recognition elements (MARE) in DNA. Since they lack known transcriptional activation domains, the small Maf proteins function either as obligatory heterodimeric partner molecules with numerous large subunits, discussed below, or alternatively as homo- or heterodimeric transcriptional repressors. The three small Maf proteins are expressed in a number of overlapping tissues, but their expression profiles nonetheless appear to be under meticulous tissue- and developmental stage-specific control. The MARE bears a striking resemblance to the NF-E2 binding sequence. NF-E2 binding sites in the human beta-globin locus control region have been directly implicated as integral components in the circuitry required for eliciting changes in chromatin structure that precede globin gene activation. While the NF-E2 DNA sequence has been shown to be important for erythroid-specific gene regulation, a growing list of other genes may also be regulated through the same, or very similar, cis elements in non-erythroid cells. Taken together, these observations argue that comprehensive analysis of the activities of the small Maf proteins may provide a unique perspective for expanding our understanding of transcriptional regulation that can be elicited through interacting transcription factor networks.
Improvement of registration accuracy of a handheld augmented reality system for urban landscape simulation (2014)

The need for visual landscape assessment in large-scale projects for the evaluation of the effects of a particular project on the surrounding landscape has grown in recent years. Augmented reality (AR) has been considered for use as a landscape simulation system in which a landscape assessment object created by 3D models is included in the present surroundings. With the use of this system, the time and the cost needed to perform a 3DCG modeling of present surroundings, which is a major issue in virtual reality, are drastically reduced. This research presents the development of a 3D map-oriented handheld AR system that achieves geometric consistency using a 3D map to obtain position data instead of GPS, which has low position information accuracy, particularly in urban areas. The new system also features a gyroscope sensor to obtain posture data and a video camera to capture live video of the present surroundings. All these components are mounted in a smartphone and can be used for urban landscape assessment. Registration accuracy is evaluated to simulate an urban landscape from a short- to a long-range scale. The latter involves a distance of approximately 2000 m. The developed AR system enables users to simulate a landscape from multiple and long-distance viewpoints simultaneously and to walk around the viewpoint fields using only a smartphone. This result is the tolerance level of landscape assessment. In conclusion, the proposed method is evaluated as feasible and effective.
A High-Power UHF Circulator (1967)

The insertion loss, the bandwidth ratio, and the nonlinearity of a high-power UHF circulator are discussed generally with regard to the characteristics, volume, and filling factor of the ferrite. Theory and experiment are made on the high-power circulator with ferrite, where either surface of the ferrite comes into contact with air. A wideband technique in improving the narrowband that is essentially the result of the filling factor of ferrite is also described. To avoid the center conductor heating effect, a circulator without a center conductor is described. Experiments have proven that, for ferrite nonlinearity, the threshold power by spinwave occurs in a polycrystal for CW power even above resonance and is changed by a external field strength, whereas the nonlinearity is not observed in a single crystal.
Parallel branch and bound on fine-grained hypercube multiprocessors (2003)

An efficient branch and bound algorithm for fine-grained hypercube multiprocessors is presented. The method uses a global storage allocation scheme where all processors collectively store all back-up paths such that each processor needs to store only a constant amount of information. At each iteration of the algorithm, all nodes of the current back-up tree may decide whether they need to create new children, be pruned, or remain unchanged. An algorithm that, on the basis of these decisions, updates the current back-up tree and distributes global information in O(log m) steps, where m is the current number of nodes, is described. This method also provides a dynamic allocation mechanism that obtains optimal load balancing. Another important property of the method is that, even if very drastic changes in the current back-up tree occur, the performance of the load balancing mechanism remains constant. The method is currently being implemented on the Connection Machine.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ion Parking during Ion/Ion Reactions in Electrodynamic Ion Traps (2001)

Under appropriate ion density conditions, it is possible to selectively inhibit rates of ion/ion reactions in a quadrupole ion trap via the application of oscillatory voltages to one or more electrodes of the ion trap. The phenomenon is demonstrated using dipolar resonance excitation applied to the end-cap electrodes of a three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap. The application of a resonance excitation voltage tuned to inhibit the ion/ion reaction rate of a specific range of ion mass-to-charge ratios is referred to as "ion parking". The bases for rate inhibition are (i) an increase in the relative velocity of the ion/ion reaction pair, which reduces the cross section for ion/ion capture and, at least in some cases, (ii) reduction in the time of physical overlap of positively charged and negatively charged ion clouds. The efficiency and specificity of the ion parking experiment is highly dependent upon ion densities, trapping conditions, ion charge states, and resonance excitation conditions. The ion parking experiment is illustrated herein along with applications to the concentration of ions originally present over a range of charge states into a selected charge state and in the selection of a particular ion from a set of ions derived from a simple protein mixture.
Stochastic training of a biologically plausible spino-neuromuscular system model (2007)

A primary goal of evolutionary robotics is to create systems that are as robust and adaptive as the human body. Moving toward this goal often involves training control systems that processes sensory information in a way similar to humans. Artificial neural networks have been an increasingly popular option for thisbecause they consist of processing units that approximate thesynaptic activity of biological signal processing units, i.e. neurons. In this paper we train a nonlinear recurrent spino-neuromuscular system model(SNMS) comparing the performance of genetic algorithms (GA)s, particle swarm optimizers (PSO)s, and GA/PSO hybrids. This model includes several key features of the SNMS that have previously been modeled individually but have not been combined into a single model as is done here. The results show that each algorithm produces fit solutions and generates fundamental biological behaviors that are not directly trained for such as tonic tension behaviors and tricepsactivation patterns.
Multiple HIV-1-specific IgG3 responses decline during acute HIV-1 (2011)

The detailed measurements of the decline in multiple HIV-specific IgG3 responses simultaneous with persistent IgG1 responses during acute and recent HIV-1 infection could serve as markers for detection of incident HIV infection.
IX. The Date of Kanishka (1915)

Since publishing my remarks on the date of Kanishka in this Journal, 1914, pp. 973–86, I have succeeded, by the employment of another chemical process, in cleaning still more effectively the silver scroll bearing the Taxila record of the year 136, and I am now able to present a photographic reproduction of nearly the whole of the inscription (Fig. 1). Some fragments, it will be observed, are missing in this reproduction from the upper and lower edges of the scroll. These fragments were too small and friable to be treated further or to be photographed. Another fault of the illustration is the unevenness of the light and shadow on the surface of the metal. This is due to the curved or twisted condition of the several sections and is unavoidable. In order to obtain this illustration, some of the sections of the scroll had to be photographed from three or four different points of view, and the negatives—to the number of nineteen in all—were then composed together into a single plate. Even so, however, it was not practicable to photograph clearly the lettering at the edges of some of the sections, where the latter were bent sharply inwards, and it is for this reason that I have made another hand copy of the record (Fig. 2), so as to show the form of those akṣaras which are not discernible in the Plate.
Returnable containers: an example of reverse logistics (1995)

Considers the application of returnable containers as an example of reverse logistics. A returnable container is a type of secondary packaging that can be used several times in the same form, in contrast with traditional cardboard boxes. For this equipment to be used, a system for the return logistics of the containers should be available: this system should guarantee that the containers are transported from the recipients to the next senders, and that they are cleaned and maintained, if necessary. Outlines several ways in which the return of these containers can be organized. Also includes a case study involving the design of such a return logistic system in The Netherlands. Also describes a quantitative model that can be used to support the related planning process.
A comprehensive review of hard-disk drive reliability (1999)

A shorter development cycle (i.e. 12-18 months on average), a shorter life cycle in the field (i.e. 2-3 years on average); as well as higher reliability requirements (i.e. a specified minimum MTTF of 400,000 hours), all present new challenges to the hard-disk drive manufacturer. In order to meet and exceed the ever-increasing customer expectations, a systematic approach needs to be taken beginning with the early design state, through pre-production and mass production, and finally through to field operation. This paper presents Quantum's current effort in achieving this goal.
miR-451 protects against erythroid oxidant stress by repressing 14-3-3ζ (2010)

The bicistronic microRNA (miRNA) locus miR-144/451 is highly expressed during erythrocyte development, although its physiological roles are poorly understood. We show that miR-144/451 ablation in mice causes mild erythrocyte instability and increased susceptibility to damage after exposure to oxidant drugs. This phenotype is deeply conserved, as miR-451 depletion synergizes with oxidant stress to cause profound anemia in zebrafish embryos. At least some protective activities of miR-451 stem from its ability to directly suppress production of 14-3-3zeta, a phospho-serine/threonine-binding protein that inhibits nuclear accumulation of transcription factor FoxO3, a positive regulator of erythroid anti-oxidant genes. Thus, in miR-144/451(-/-) erythroblasts, 14-3-3zeta accumulates, causing partial relocalization of FoxO3 from nucleus to cytoplasm with dampening of its transcriptional program, including anti-oxidant-encoding genes Cat and Gpx1. Supporting this mechanism, overexpression of 14-3-3zeta in erythroid cells and fibroblasts inhibits nuclear localization and activity of FoxO3. Moreover, shRNA suppression of 14-3-3zeta protects miR-144/451(-/-) erythrocytes against peroxide-induced destruction, and restores catalase activity. Our findings define a novel miRNA-regulated pathway that protects erythrocytes against oxidant stress, and, more generally, illustrate how a miRNA can influence gene expression by altering the activity of a key transcription factor.
Application of the Pade approximation via Lanczos (PVL) algorithm to electromagnetic systems with expansion at infinity (2002)

ROMES (reduced-order modeling of electromagnetic systems) was developed based on the frequency domain finite difference (FDFD) method in our lab. Previously, the Pade via Lanczos (PVL) algorithm was used for the reduced-order modeling of the linear system with finite frequency values used for the expansion point. In this paper, the PVL method, with expansion at infinity, has been used to enhance the performance of ROMES. The advantage of this method is avoidance of the LU decomposition step that is costly both in speed and memory. It also provides better wide frequency band results than PVL with expansion at a finite frequency, which only gives correct results near the expansion point. The disadvantage is that the dimension of the reduced-order model must be higher relative to PVL with finite value expansion for accurate approximation of the original electromagnetic system. Although it suffers from this disadvantage, PVL with expansion at infinity makes it possible to solve some complicated electromagnetic problems efficiently.