gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of distribution networks under high penetration of solar PV (2012)

Integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) resources into distribution networks changes the normally expected network behaviour by injecting real power into the point of connection. Depending on the characteristics and setup of the PV inverter, reactive power could also be injected into the network. The impact will depend on the control strategy adopted for reactive power injection. Typically, solar PV units are installed at low voltage (LV) level in distribution networks. Cluster based installation of numerous PV inverters in the LV level will impact the operation of both the host LV network and the upstream medium voltage network. With random variations in load and PV output throughout the day, the behaviour of distribution network needs to be studied so that any unexpected operational behaviour of the network arising from PV integration can be avoided. In this paper, the distribution network performance under high penetration of solar PV resources is studied. Novel indices are developed to analyse network performance in terms of voltage deviation from nominal value, average feeder loading, substation capacity and feeder power losses. Variations of the indices for increasing level of PV penetration are investigated under different types of power control strategies. Day long behaviour analysis is performed in terms of the performance indices by adopting the most suitable control strategy for the PV inverters. A practical distribution feeder from Australia is used to examine the applicability of the developed indices and control strategies.
Increased innervation of the vulval vestibule in patients with vulvodynia (2003)

It is concluded that the increase of PGP 9.5 immunoreactive nerve fibres, in patients with vulvodynia, may be either secondary to nerve sprouting, or may represent neural hyperplasia. Increased innervation may be applied as an objective diagnostic finding in vulval vestibulitis syndrome.
A Novel Model for Lymphocytic Infiltration of the Thyroid Gland Generated by Transgenic Expression of the CC Chemokine CCL21 (2004)

Lymphocytic infiltrates and lymphoid follicles with germinal centers are often detected in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), but the mechanisms underlying lymphocyte entry and organization in the thyroid remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that CCL21, a chemokine that regulates homeostatic lymphocyte trafficking, and whose expression has been detected in AITD, is involved in the migration of lymphocytes to the thyroid. We show that transgenic mice expressing CCL21 from the thyroglobulin promoter (TGCCL21 mice) have significant lymphocytic infiltrates, which are topologically segregated into B and T cell areas. Although high endothelial venules expressing peripheral lymph node addressin were frequently observed in the thyroid tissue, lymphocyte recruitment was independent of L-selectin or lymphotoxin-alpha but required CCR7 expression. Taken together, these results indicate that CCL21 is sufficient to drive lymphocyte recruitment to the thyroid, suggest that CCL21 is involved in AITD pathogenesis, and establish TGCCL21 transgenic mice as a novel model to study the formation and function of lymphoid follicles in the thyroid.
Postharvest Handling for Organic Crops (2000)

An overview of general postharvest handling considerations unique to the marketing of registered or certified organic produce, with a brief introduction to currently permitted and restricted postharvest treatments.
Superhard diamond/tungsten carbide nanocomposites (2011)

We investigated the processing conditions of diamond/tungsten carbide (WC) composites using in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) and reactive sintering techniques at high pressure and high temperatures. The as-synthesized composites were characterized by synchrotron XRD, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and indentation hardness measurements. Through tuning of the reaction temperature and time, we produced fully reacted, well-sintered, and nanostructured diamond composites with Vickers hardness of about 55 GPa and the grain size of WC binding matrix smaller than 50 nm. A specific set of orientation relationships between WC and tungsten is identified to gain microstructural insight into the reaction mechanism between diamond and tungsten.
Long-Term Agroecosystem Experiments: Assessing Agricultural Sustainability and Global Change (1998)

Long-term agroecosystem experiments can be defined as large-scale field experiments more than 20 years old that study crop production, nutrient cycling, and environmental impacts of agriculture. They provide a resource for evaluating biological, biogeochemical, and environmental dimensions of agricultural sustainability; for predicting future global changes; and for validating model competence and performance. A systematic assessment is needed to determine the merits of all known experiments and to identify any that may exist in tropical and subtropical environments. The establishment of an international network to coordinate data collection and link sites would facilitate more precise prediction of agroecosystem sustainability and future global change.
<i>Pseudomonas glathei sp. nov.</i>, a new nitrogen‐scavenging rod isolated from acid lateritic relicts in Germany (1975)

Abstract Ein neues, acidotolerantes, gram‐negatives Stäbchen, charakterisiert durch eine polare, bis zu 12 μm lange Geißel, wurde aus lateritischen Relikten unweit von Gießen isoliert. Die physiologischen Eigenschaften, die Unempfindlichkeit gegenüber Antibiotica sowie das GC% (DNS) bestätigen den Organismus als eine neue Art der Gattung Pseudomonas . Die Isolate bilden eine homogene Gruppe von prototrophen, Oxidase und Katalase bildenden Stäbchen mit obligataerobem Stoffwechsel und ENTNER‐DOUDOROFF‐Abbauweg. Stickstoffbindung wird durch starkes Wachstum auf “N‐freiem” Glucose‐Agar simuliert; Acetylen wird jedoch nicht signifikant reduziert. Die meisten organischen Säuren (darunter Oxalat), sämtliche geprüfte Aldosen, Hexosen, Desoxyzucker, Zuckeralkohole sowie Gluconat, 2‐ und 5‐Ketogluconat werden als einzige C‐Quelle verwertet. Alkohole, ausgenommen 2,3‐Butandiol, werden nicht angegriffen. Di‐, Tri‐ und Polysaccharide, mit Ausnahme von Lactose, Melezitose und Melibiose, werden nicht verwertet. Der neue Organismus unterscheidet sich in mehreren Merkmalen von den Denitrifikanten der P. stutzeri‐mendocina Gruppe. Der Name Pseudomonas glathei sp. nov. wird vorgeschlagen.
A Simple and Mild Method for the<i>cis</i>-Hydroxylation of Alkenes with Cetyltrimethylammonium Permanganate (1984)

Oxydation de cyclohexene, cyclooctene, cyclododecene, octene-1, stilbene, diphenyl- et tetraphenyl ethanediol-1,2
Synthesis of methyl- and neomenthyldiphenylphosphine. Epimeric, chiral, tertiary phosphine ligands for asymmetric synthesis (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of methyl- and neomenthyldiphenylphosphine. Epimeric, chiral, tertiary phosphine ligands for asymmetric synthesisJ. D. Morrison and W. F. MaslerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 2, 270–272Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00916a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00916a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views308Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nutritional Factors and Susceptibility to Arsenic-Caused Skin Lesions in West Bengal, India (2004)

There has been widespread speculation about whether nutritional deficiencies increase the susceptibility to arsenic health effects. This is the first study to investigate whether dietary micronutrient and macronutrient intake modulates the well-established human risk of arsenic-induced skin lesions, including alterations in skin pigmentation and keratoses. The study was conducted in West Bengal, India, which along with Bangladesh constitutes the largest population in the world exposed to arsenic from drinking water. In this case-control study design, cases were patients with arsenic-induced skin lesions and had < 500 microg/L arsenic in their drinking water. For each case, an age- and sex-matched control was selected from participants of a 1995-1996 cross-sectional survey, whose drinking water at that time also contained < 500 microg/L arsenic. Nutritional assessment was based on a 24-hr recall for major dietary constituents and a 1-week recall for less common constituents. Modest increases in risk were related to being in the lowest quintiles of intake of animal protein [odds ratio (OR) = 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-3.59], calcium (OR = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.04-3.43), fiber (OR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.15-4.21), and folate (OR = 1.67; 95% CI, 0.87-3.2). Conditional logistic regression suggested that the strongest associations were with low calcium, low animal protein, low folate, and low fiber intake. Nutrient intake was not related to arsenic exposure. We conclude that low intake of calcium, animal protein, folate, and fiber may increase susceptibility to arsenic-caused skin lesions. However, in light of the small magnitude of increased risks related to these dietary deficiencies, prevention should focus on reducing exposure to arsenic.
Passive cavitation mapping for monitoring ultrasound therapy (2010)

Cavitation is a phenomenon present during many ultrasound therapies, including the thermal ablation of malignant tissue using high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Inertial cavitation, in particular, has been previously shown to result in increased heat deposition and to be associated with broadband noise emissions that can be readily monitored using a passive receiver without interference from the main ultrasound signal. The present work demonstrates how an array of passive receivers can be used to generate maps of cavitation distribution during HIFU exposure, uncovering a new potential method of monitoring HIFU treatment. Using a commercially available ultrasound system (z.one, Zonare, USA), pulse transmission can be switched off and data from 64 elements of an array can be simultaneously acquired to generate passive maps of acoustic source power. For the present work, a 38 mm aperture 5-10 MHz linear array was used, with the 64 elements chosen to span the entire aperture. Theory and simulations were used to show the spatial resolution of the system, the latter showing that the broadband nature of inertial cavitation makes passive maps robust to interference between cavitating bubbles. Passive source mapping was first applied to wire scatterers, demonstrating the ability of the system to resolve broadband sources. With the array transversely placed to the HIFU axis, high-resolution passive maps are generated, and emissions from several cavitating bubbles are resolved. The sensitivity of passive mapping during HIFU exposure is compared with that of an active cavitation detector following exposure. The array was then placed within a rectangular opening in the centre of the HIFU transducer, providing a geometric setup that could be used clinically to monitor HIFU treatment. Cavitation was instigated in continuous and disjoint regions in agar tissue mimicking gel, with the expected regions of cavitation validating the passive maps obtained. Finally, passive maps were generated for samples of ox liver exposed to HIFU. The onset of inertial cavitation as detected by the passive mapping approach was found to provide a much more robust indicator of lesioning than post-exposure B-mode hyperecho, which is in current clinical use. Passive maps based on the broadband component of the received signal were able to localize the lesions both transversely and axially, however cavitation is generally indicated 5 mm prefocal to the lesions. Further work is needed to establish the source of this discrepancy. It is believed that with use of an appropriately designed cavitation detection array, passive mapping will represent a major advance in ultrasound-guided HIFU therapy. Not only can it be utilized in real-time during HIFU exposure, without the need to turn the therapeutic ultrasound field off, but it has also been shown in the context of the present work to provide a strong indicator of successful lesioning and high signal-to-noise compared to conventional B-mode ultrasound techniques.
A system for production use of high-level synthesis (1993)

High-level synthesis has been an active research field since the early eighties. However, apart from a few exceptions the technology has so far failed to make a smooth transition into the industrial environment. The main reasons are related more to the lack of an integrated methodology, including design entry, simulation, and synthesis, than to the quality of the synthesis algorithms. Experiences in applying the HIS system (High-level IBM Synthesis System) to real designs led to the development of a system and methodology which integrate language modeling, simulation, high-level, and logic synthesis. This paper presents the main concepts behind this system, namely, its modeling, synthesis, and simulation capabilities. Moreover, it addresses some of the problems encountered when transferring high-level synthesis to a production environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
CSMA/CCA: A Modified CSMA/CA Protocol Mitigating the Fairness Problem for IEEE 802.11 DCF (2006)

Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) has been adopted by the IEEE 802.11 standards for wireless local area networks (WLANs). Using a distributed coordination function (DCF), the CSMA/CA protocol reduces collisions and improves the overall throughput. To mitigate fairness issues arising with CSMA/CA, we develop a modified version that we term CSMA with copying collision avoidance (CSMA/CCA). A station in CSMA/CCA contends for the shared wireless medium by employing a binary exponential backoff similar to CSMA/CA. Different from CSMA/CA, CSMA/CCA copies the contention window (CW) size piggybacked in the MAC header of an overheard data frame within its basic service set (BSS) and updates its backoff counter according to the new CW size. Simulations carried out in several WLAN configurations illustrate that CSMA/CCA improves fairness relative to CSMA/CA and offers considerable advantages for deployment in the 802.11-standard-based WLANs.
Kinetic Comparison of Amide Formation on Various Cross-Linked Polystyrene Resins (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEReportNEXTKinetic Comparison of Amide Formation on Various Cross-Linked Polystyrene ResinsWenbao Li, Xiaoyi Xiao, and Anthony W. CzarnikView Author Information ChemRx/IRORI, Discovery Partners International, 11149 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037 Cite this: J. Comb. Chem. 1999, 1, 2, 127–129Publication Date (Web):February 11, 1999Publication History Received23 September 1998Published online11 February 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cc980020lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cc980020lbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views358Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Amides,Kinetic parameters,Kinetics,Organic polymers Get e-Alerts
Sensorless control of reluctance machines at arbitrary operating conditions including standstill (1994)

Reluctance machines with three-phase stator windings and damperless rotors are usually operated in a closed-loop rotor-oriented control. The necessary position encoder reduces robustness considerably. In order to replace this sensor by a position-detecting algorithm based on electrical measurements, two methods are presented, well-suited to low velocity (INFORM model) and high velocity (EMF model), respectively. Based on this information, a Kalman filter yields estimates of the machine state. A rotor-oriented controller enables highly dynamic operation even at standstill. Measurements verify the good static and dynamic properties of the drive in speed-controlled mode.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Centralized Automatic Message Accounting System (1954)

A centralized automatic message accounting system (CAMA) has been developed so that the billing data can be recorded at a centralized crossbar tandum office for message unit and toll calls originated by telephone customers served by a large number of local dial central offices. It is an essential part of facilities for economical nationwide customer dialing through central offices with older types of switching equipment and through other central offices which could not otherwise economically give this service. The new system records the billing data on paper tapes in the same form now used by local automatic message accounting systems. Tapes for both local and centralized automatic message accounting systems are processed in the same accounting center.
Conclusion (2006)

Abstract Since the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the elusive Therapeutae have sometimes been read through a different lens, and configured as a branch of the better known Essene school of Judaea, anomalies explained away by their being an Alexandrian branch of the school, or by Philo's twists on sources describing Essenes. This study has reconfigured the Therapeutae as one of the ascetic, contemplative groups that formed part of the philosophical school of Jewish allegorical exegesis in first-century Alexandria. The Therapeutae are illustrative of one of these groups: the extreme allegorizers. Philo chose to present this particular group as indicative of the virtue of the Jews to an audience of Romans, in Rome, during the course of his representations there in 41 CE. He differed with this group regarding the praxis of Jewish law, calendar, asceticism of the young, and celibacy, and was uncomfortable about the women. This study has rested on issues of women and gender in the rhetoric of De Vita Contemplativa and in the group to which Contempl. points.
Bimetallic tungstate nanoparticle-decorated-lignin electrodes for flexible supercapacitors (2020)

Bimetallic tungstate nanoparticle functionalization enables the design of high performance lignin based flexible supercapacitors.
Flexor Tendon Injuries: I. Foundations of Treatment (1995)

During the past 20 years, the difficult process of reestablishing satisfactory function after primary repair of flexor tendons has evolved from scientifically unsupported trial-and-error efforts to protocols based on sound laboratory and clinical investigations. Enhanced appreciation of tendon structure, nutrition, and biomechanical properties and investigation of factors involved in tendon healing and adhesion formation have had significant clinical applications. In particular, it has been found that repaired tendons subjected to early motion stress will increase in strength more rapidly and develop fewer adhesions than immobilized repairs. As a result, new and stronger tendon repair techniques have evolved, permitting the application of early passive and even light active forces. The author reviews the most recent and clinically pertinent research in flexor tendon surgery and discusses repair techniques and rehabilitation protocols based on the information provided by these studies.
Light-induced fluorescence spectroscopy: a potential diagnostic tool for oral neoplasia. (1996)

For the early detection of oral neoplasia, light-induced fluorescence spectroscopy was used to measure the fluorescence emission of malignant (squamous cell carcinoma & verrucous carcinoma) and premalignant (epithelial dysplasia, hyperkeratosis & lichen planus) oral tissues as well as normal oral mucosa ex vivo to assess the ability of this technique to distinguish neoplastic from normal oral tissues. The emission spectra of histologically normal and neoplastic oral tissues were obtained under excitation wavelengths varied from 270 nm to 400 nm at 10-nm intervals. At 300-nm excitation, the most intensely fluorescent peak occurred at 330-nm and 470 nm emission. At 330-nm emission, the spectrum of the malignant oral tissue was significantly stronger than that of the normal oral mucosal tissue after area normalization. However, at 470-nm emission, the spectrum of the malignant oral tissue was significantly weaker than that of the normal oral mucosal tissue. A diagnostic algorithm based on the ratio of relative intensities of 330 nm to 470 nm emission within the +/-5 nm peak area of each sample was calculated and paired. The histogram of ratios showed that histologically neoplastic oral tissues could be distinguished from normal oral mucosal tissues using the 300 nm excitation wavelength. The average ratio of malignant or premalignant oral samples was significantly greater than that of the normal oral mucosal samples (p < 0.001). This ex vivo study indicated that fluorescence spectroscopy may be useful in differentiating malignant or premalignant oral tissue from normal oral mucosa.