gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
16-QAM periodic complementary sequence mates based on interleaving technique and quadriphase periodic complementary sequence mates (2013)

Based on an interleaving technique and quadriphase periodic complementary sequence (CS) mates, this paper presents a method for constructing a family of 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) periodic CS mates. The resulting mates arise from the conversion of quadriphase periodic CS mates, and the period of the former is twice as long as that of the latter. In addition, based on the existing binary periodic CS mates, a table on the existence of the proposed 16-QAM periodic CS mates is given. Furthermore, the proposed method can also transform a mutually orthogonal (MO) quadriphase CS set into an MO 16-QAM CS set. Finally, three examples are given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Fate of l‐Phenylalanine in Soil and Its Effect on Plant Growth (1995)

Abstract Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is a deamination product of phenylalanine (PHE) applied to soil, which can have a positive physiological effect on plant growth and development. The objective of this study was to determine the factors limiting deamination of PHE when added to soils, determine the major pathway upon detection of metabolic intermediates, and assess the growth‐promoting effect on maize ( Zea mays L.) of an exogenous application of PHE to soil. The highest activity of PHE deamination in soils occurred at pH 8.5 and on incubation temperature of 40°C. The soil assay used to determine these parameters was based on the amount of NH 4 ‐N cleaved from l ‐PHE when incubated for 48 h in the presence of toluene. A sigmoidal relationship was observed between NH 4 ‐N and PHE concentration, indicating cooperative kinetics. Both phenylpyruvic acid and PAA were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following the addition of PHE to soil. A glasshouse experiment revealed that an exogenous application of PHE as a soil drench to established uniform seedlings of maize had a significant effect on vegetative growth parameters (shoot height, shoot fresh weight, internodal distance, uppermost leaf collar base distance, and leaf width). Since PAA is a well‐established plant growth regulator, it was concluded that this metabolic product derived from PHE in soil was responsible for the stimulatory growth effects in maize.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐ and Base‐Catalyzed Displacement of the Carboxylate Ligand from (Pt(dien)(RCO2))+ (dien: 1,5‐Diamino‐3‐azapentane; R: CH2Cl, CHCl2, or CCl3) in Aqueous Solution (1988)

ChemInformVolume 19, Issue 30 Organoelement Compounds ChemInform Abstract: Acid- and Base-Catalyzed Displacement of the Carboxylate Ligand from (Pt(dien)(RCO2))+ (dien: 1,5-Diamino-3-azapentane; R: CH2Cl, CHCl2, or CCl3) in Aqueous Solution L. CANOVESE, L. CANOVESE Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorL. CATTALANI, L. CATTALANI Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorL. GEMELLI, L. GEMELLI Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorM. L. TOBE, M. L. TOBE Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this author L. CANOVESE, L. CANOVESE Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorL. CATTALANI, L. CATTALANI Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorL. GEMELLI, L. GEMELLI Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorM. L. TOBE, M. L. TOBE Christopher Ingold Lab., Dep. Chem., Univ. Coll., London WC1H 0AJ, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 26, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198830293Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume19, Issue30July 26, 1988 RelatedInformation
Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in cervical lavage specimens by a nonisotopic consensus PCR assay (1995)

A gene amplification method that combines PCR with an enzyme immunoassay (PCR-EIA) for quantitation of amplified DNA was developed for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV). Samples were amplified with consensus primers MY09 and MY11. Amplified DNA products were reacted in solution with type-specific nested RNA probes labelled with digoxigenin-11-UTP. Hybrids were captured on a microtiter plate coated with an antidigoxigenin antibody. Bound DNA-RNA hybrids were quantitated by the addition of an alkaline phosphatase-labelled monoclonal antibody directed against DNA-RNA hybrids and a fluorogenic substrate. The detection limit of PCR-EIA was six copies of HPV type 18 DNA in the original specimen. The assay was used to assess HPV infection of the uterine cervixes of 65 women referred to a colposcopy clinic. In 66 cervicovaginal lavage specimens, all 23 HPV strains detected by a standard isotopic PCR assay were also detected by the PCR-EIA (sensitivity, 100%; 95% confidence interval, 85.2 to 100%). Forty-two of the 43 samples that did not contain HPV types 6/11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, and 45 were also negative by PCR-EIA, for a specificity of 97.7%. Low-level cross-reactivity was encountered between HPV types 18 and 45 as well as between types 33 and 58. PCR-EIA provides a convenient means of objectively measuring PCR-amplified HPV DNA from common genital HPV types.
Electron and Oxygen Transfer in Polyoxometalate, H<sub>5</sub>PV<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>10</sub>O<sub>40</sub>, Catalyzed Oxidation of Aromatic and Alkyl Aromatic Compounds:  Evidence for Aerobic Mars−van Krevelen-Type Reactions in the Liquid Homogeneous Phase (2001)

The mechanism of aerobic oxidation of aromatic and alkyl aromatic compounds using anthracene and xanthene, respectively, as a model compound was investigated using a phosphovanadomolybdate polyoxometalate, H(5)PV(2)Mo(10)O(40), as catalyst under mild, liquid-phase conditions. The polyoxometalate is a soluble analogue of insoluble mixed-metal oxides often used for high-temperature gas-phase heterogeneous oxidation which proceed by a Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. The general purpose of the present investigation was to prove that a Mars-van Krevelen mechanism is possible also in liquid-phase, homogeneous oxidation reactions. First, the oxygen transfer from H(5)PV(2)Mo(10)O(40) to the hydrocarbons was studied using various techniques to show that commonly observed liquid-phase oxidation mechanisms, autoxidation, and oxidative nucleophilic substitution were not occurring in this case. Techniques used included (a) use of (18)O-labeled molecular oxygen, polyoxometalate, and water; (b) carrying out reactions under anaerobic conditions; (c) performing the reaction with an alternative nucleophile (acetate) or under anhydrous conditions; and (d) determination of the reaction stoichiometry. All of the experiments pointed against autoxidation and oxidative nucleophilic substitution and toward a Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. Second, the mode of activation of the hydrocarbon was determined to be by electron transfer, as opposed to hydrogen atom transfer from the hydrocarbon to the polyoxometalate. Kinetic studies showed that an outer-sphere electron transfer was probable with formation of a donor-acceptor complex. Further studies enabled the isolation and observation of intermediates by ESR and NMR spectroscopy. For anthracene, the immediate result of electron transfer, that is formation of an anthracene radical cation and reduced polyoxometalate, was observed by ESR spectroscopy. The ESR spectrum, together with kinetics experiments, including kinetic isotope experiments and (1)H NMR, support a Mars-van Krevelen mechanism in which the rate-determining step is the oxygen-transfer reaction between the polyoxometalate and the intermediate radical cation. Anthraquinone is the only observable reaction product. For xanthene, the radical cation could not be observed. Instead, the initial radical cation undergoes fast additional proton and electron transfer (or hydrogen atom transfer) to yield a stable benzylic cation observable by (1)H NMR. Again, kinetics experiments support the notion of an oxygen-transfer rate-determining step between the xanthenyl cation and the polyoxometalate, with formation of xanthen-9-one as the only product. Schemes summarizing the proposed reaction mechanisms are presented.
Syntheses of N-Vinylphthalimide Derivatives (1960)

Reaction of N-(1-chloroethyl) phthalimidej and thioglycolic acid at room temperature caused dehydrochlorination and gave N-(1-carboxymethylmercaptoethy1) phthalimide with good yield. This substance can be esterified easily with alcohols in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst.An addition reaction of thioglycolic acid to N-vinylphthalimide in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst was followed by Markownikoff's rule and formed an α-addition product, N-(1-carboxymethylmercaptoethyl) phthalimide. Similarly, methyl and ethyl thioglycolate gave additive products.
Hoveyda–Grubbs type metathesis catalyst immobilized on mesoporous molecular sieves MCM-41 and SBA-15 (2011)

A commercially available Hoveyda-Grubbs type catalyst (RC303 Zhannan Pharma) was immobilized on mesoporous molecular sieves MCM-41 and on SBA-15 by direct interaction with the sieve wall surface. The immobilized catalysts exhibited high activity and nearly 100% selectivity in several types of alkene metathesis reactions. Ru leaching was found to depend on the substrate and solvent used (the lowest leaching was found for ring-closing metathesis of 1,7-octadiene in cyclohexane - 0.04% of catalyst Ru content). Results of XPS, UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy showed that at least 76% of the Ru content was bound to the support surface non-covalently and could be removed from the catalyst by washing with THF.
Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography of proteins on IDA‐Fe<sup>3+</sup> (1988)

Abstract Several proteins, selected for their varied isoelectric points within pH range ca. 4 to ca. ll, bind to immobilized (chelated to iminodiacetate) ferric ion, IDA‐Fe 3+ , when applied in a 50 mM buffer, pH 6.0. These proteins can be displaced from IDA‐Fe 3+ columns by an increase of pH from 6 to 8, an increase of sodium chloride from 0 to 1 Malar and, in particular, by both. Apotransferrins, in contrast to other proteins, are able to scavenge Fe 3+ ion from IDA‐Fe 3+ . Interestingly, two proteins, both quite acidic, behave quite differently on IDA‐Fe 3+ : α 1 ‐acid glycoprotein (sialic acid) does not bind, whereas phosvitin (phosphate 1) binds avidly. IDA‐Fe 3+ sorbent, due to its unusual sorptive properties, represents a new addition of particular significance to the family of chromatographic sorbents available for protein purification.
Establishment and application of an infectious virus-like particle system for Marburg virus (2010)

The highly pathogenic Marburg virus (MARV) can only be investigated in high containment laboratories, which is time consuming and expensive. To investigate the MARV life cycle under normal laboratory conditions, an infectious virus-like particle (VLP) system was developed. The infectious VLP system is based on the T7-polymerase driven synthesis of a MARV-specific minigenome that encodes luciferase and is transcribed and replicated by the simultaneously expressed MARV nucleocapsid proteins NP, VP35, L and VP30. Transcription of the minigenome resulted in luciferase activity and replication resulted in encapsidated minigenomes. The encapsidated minigenomes, together with the viral matrix proteins VP40 and VP24 and the surface glycoprotein (GP), formed VLPs at the plasma membrane. Among the released pleomorphic VLPs, filamentous particles of 200-400 nm in length showed the highest capacity to induce reporter activity upon infection of target cells. To characterize the infectious VLP system, the intracellular concentration of one of the components was titrated, while all others were held constant. Intracellular concentrations of nucleocapsid proteins that resulted in highest replication and transcription activities also yielded VLPs with the highest ability to induce luciferase activity in target cells. High intracellular levels of VP40 maximized the release of VLPs, but reduced their ability to induce luciferase activity in target cells. The intracellular concentration of GP positively correlated with its incorporation into VLPs and their infectivity. Finally, we demonstrated that the infectious VLP system was suitable for rapid screening of neutralizing antibodies directed against MARV.
Biosynthesis of an Amphiphilic Silk-Like Polymer (2008)

An amphiphilic silk-like protein polymer was efficiently produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The secreted product was fully intact and was purified by solubilization in formic acid and subsequent precipitation of denatured host proteins upon dilution with water. In aqueous alkaline solution, the negatively charged acidic polymer assumed extended helical (silk III-like) and unordered conformations. Upon subsequent drying, it assumed a conformation rich in beta-turns. In water at low pH, the uncharged polymer aggregated and the solution became turbid. Concentrated solutions in 70% (v/v) formic acid slowly formed gels. Replacement of the formic acid-water mixture with methanol and subsequent drying resulted in beta-sheets, which stacked into fibril-like structures. The novel polymer instantaneously lowered the air-water interfacial tension under neutral to alkaline conditions and reversed the polarity of hydrophobic and hydrophilic solid surfaces upon adsorption.
Ultrasound image converter systems utilizing electron-scanning techniques (1968)

The performance characteristics of electronically scanned ultrasonic image-converter systems are discussed in terms of theoretical and technical limitations. The description of the application of holographic imaging techniques is given. The adaptation of the NTSC color display techniques to the problem of ultrasonic imaging is illustrated by practical examples.
Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission (ART) Program-Boeing Helicopters Status Report (1991)

On May 20, 1988, Boeing Helicopters was awarded a contract by the US Army Aviation Systems Command (AVSCOM) and the NASA Lewis Research Center to conduct the Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission (ART) program. The ART program is structured to incorporate key emerging material and component technologies into an advanced rotorcraft transmission with the intention of making significant improvements in the state-of-the-art (SOA). Specific objectives of the ART program are: (1) Reduce transmission weight by 25 percent relative to SOA trends (currently in the range of 0.4 lb/hp). (2) Reduce transmission noise by 10dB relative to SOA. (3) Improve transmission life and reliability, while extending Mean Time Between Removal (MTBR) to 5000 hr. The ART contract requires Boeing Helicopters to select a baseline transmission design that is representative of a SOA production design technology and then compare this design with the advanced configuration being developed during this program. Boeing Helicopters selected a transmission sized for the Tactical Tilt Rotor (TTR) aircraft which meets the Future Air Attack Vehicle (FAAV) requirements. Component development testing will be conducted to evaluate the high risk concepts prior to finalizing the advanced transmission configuration. A total of eight advanced technology component tests will be conducted: Noise reduction by active force cancellation; Hybrid bidirectional tapered roller bearings; Improved bearing life theory; Transmission lube study with hybrid bearings; Precision net forged spur gears; High profile contact ratio noninvolute tooth form spurgears; Parallel axis gear noise study; Surface modified titanium accessory spur gears.
c-Src PROTEIN EXPRESSION IS INCREASED IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER. AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS (1996)

In human breast cancer, c-Src activity is elevated compared to normal breast tissue. It is not yet known whether this increase in c-Src activity is accompanied by an increase in c-Src protein expression. In this study, c-Src activity and protein expression were determined in a series of human breast cancers and in normal breast tissue, using immune complex kinase assays and immunoblotting. As the heterogeneity of breast cancer is not taken into account in these biochemical experiments, immunohistochemistry was also used to distinguish between normal and malignant cells. In human breast cancers, the c-Src activity is increased 4- to 30-fold, compared with normal breast tissue. This enhanced activity is accompanied by an increase in c-Src protein expression, as shown by both immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry indicates that the majority of c-Src appears to be concentrated around the nucleus in malignant cells, whereas in normal cells, it is distributed more evenly in the cytoplasm. These data confirm that c-Src activity is increased in human breast cancer. In addition, this study provides strong immunohistochemical evidence that the c-Src protein is also overexpressed, enabling a distinction to be made between normal and malignant cells.
Wavelet environment matting (2003)

In this paper we present a novel approach for capturing the environment matte of a scene. We impose no restrictions on material properties of the objects in the captured scene and exploit scene characteristics (e.g. material properties and self-shadowing) to minimize recording time and to bound the error. Using a CRT monitor, wavelet patterns are emitted onto the scene in order of importance to efficiently construct the environment matte. This order of importance is obtained by means of a feedback loop that takes advantage of the knowledge learned from previously recorded photographs. Once the recording process is finished, new backdrops can be efficiently placed behind the scene.
Efficient proximity detection among mobile clients using the GSM network (2007)

Personalized services, such as customized ringtone recommendations and location based services increase the popularity of mobile phones. A location based service
(LBS) is a type of personalized service that uses the location of the mobile user. Proximity detection is defined as the capability of a location based service to
automatically detect when a pair of mobile users is closer to each other than a certain proximity distance. To realize this function the location of the mobile users have to be permanently tracked.
The main objective of this research is to find to what extent it is possible to use GSM cell-ids for proximity detections among mobile entities. We studied the typical GSM characteristics and the state of the art proximity detection algorithms found in literature. All the proximity algorithms we found use X, Y coordinates as location identifier. Dynamic Circles by George True et. al. was stated in literature to perform the best. This algorithm is used as inspiration for four new algorithms that use the GSM network to implement proximity detection. The
proposed algorithms are divided into two groups, the basic group and the graph group. The basic group contains two algorithms that use the information available in the GSM network, called cell-id algorithm and LAC algorithm. The graph group uses a cell-id graph representing all the cell switches, to get more efficient algorithms. This group contains two algorithms, named Graph1 algorithm and
Graph2 algorithm.
For the comparison of the algorithms a simulator was developed. The simulator can simulate the amount of messages, the traffic over TCP/IP, missed proximities
and the accuracy of proximity distance using GSM. The input data of the simulator are user movement paths. These paths can be generated or can be real logged data gathered by a mobile device.
For a realistic cell topology it was found that the median of differences between real distance and cell-id distance is around 1100 meters. Using GSM cells as location identifier introduces missed proximities, i.e. false negatives. We found that for a realistic cell layer and a proximity distance of 1100 meters the number of missed proximities is 3.5% of the total proximity detections.
A simulation of a distributed scenario, representing rush hour, stated that for low density of users the Graph algorithms outperform the Basic algorithms in terms of generated messages and traffic. From this simulation it is found that for 30 buddies a user consumes a total of 30MB of data traffic per month.
Competing Through EDI at Brun Passot: Achievements in France and Ambitions for the Single European Market1 (1994)

To differentiate its customer service, Brun Passot, a small French company specializing in the distribution of office supplies, developed a set of telepurchasing applications. In 1982, it launched Bureautel, a videotex-based service that allows customers to electronically place their orders. In 1986, at the request of its large customers, it developed a PC-based service, then in 1989 an advanced electronic data interchange (EDI) application linking customers to its supply information system. These services allow data on product availability, price lists, orders, acknowledgement receipts, delivery notices, invoices, and related bank payments to be electronically transmitted. Using ISDN, they also make it possible to look up the photos of the 12,000 products that Brun Passot markets. This article illustrates how a small-sized company has used IT to improve the quality of its customer service, shorten lead time and reduce management costs, as well as create new business opportunities in France. It also raises some issues related to the adoption and diffusion of EDI and presents Brun Passoťs ambitions to use this technology as an essential enabler to expand its geographical coverage. The 1993 fall of mobility barriers within the European Community, leading to the formation of the single European market, presented for Brun Passot a unique business opportunity to further leverage its IT infrastructure and gain new markets.
Identification of human driver models in car following (1974)

This paper presents the development of two new mathematical models of driver behavior in single-lane car following situations. Optimum parameter values in each of these models were obtained using standard parameter identification algorithms. The basic approach to model development was to derive the model structure using optimal control theory. The problem was formulated as a model-tracking problem and a quadratic cost function was minimized. Model parameters were optimized by comparing model behavior with freeway data obtained on Interstate 71 in Ohio by Clear and Treiterer. The results indicate that the models fit the data very well during acceleration and deceleration phases, but not during constant velocity regions. To obtain a better fit during transitions between acceleration and deceleration phases, a second model was postulated based on the hypothesis that the driver tracks not only the car directly in front of him, but also cars directly ahead of the lead car. An adaptive controller structure with a mode switching algorithm has been derived and its parameters optimized.
Acute Conformational Changes in the Optic Nerve Head With Rapid Intraocular Pressure Elevation: Implications for LASIK Surgery (2003)

Transient elevation of IOP results in measurable alterations in optic nerve head topography.