gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Éduquer à la sexualité (2011)

notamment par photocopie, n'est autorise que dans les limites des conditions gnrales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas chant, des conditions gnrales de la licence souscrite par votre tablissement. Toute autre reproduction ou reprsentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manire que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord pralable et crit de l'diteur, en dehors des cas prvus par la lgislation en vigueur en France. Il est prcis que son stockage dans une base de donnes est galement interdit.
Hydrotreatment of Jatropha Oil to Produce Green Diesel over Trifunctional Ni–Mo/SiO2–Al2O3 Catalyst (2009)

Abstract Jatropha oil containing 15 wt % free fatty acids (FFAs) was converted to green diesel by hydrotreatment in a fixed-bed reactor over sulfided Ni–Mo/SiO2–Al2O3 catalyst with functions of hydrogenation, deoxygenation, and isomerization/cracking.
Unimolecular decomposition of NO<sub>3</sub> to form NO and O<sub>2</sub> and a review of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/NO<sub>3</sub> kinetics (1986)

The nitrate free radical NO 3 has been observed by several investigators in the troposphere at night. It increases during the night much less than predicted in terms of known processes, and there has been a search for an unknown NO 3 scavenger. In this article we report evidence in the chemical literature for the thermal decomposition of NO 3 to form nitric oxide and molecular oxygen, where the reaction w is NO 3 → NO + O 2 , and the rate is such that this reaction is proposed as a scavenging process in the troposphere. By straightforward reinterpretation of three room temperature kinetic studies which used reactors of widely different volumes, we find the first‐order rate constant at one atmosphere pressure to be w = (3 ± 2) × 10 −3 s −1 ; in these systems the otherwise unexplained first‐order loss of NO 3 accounted for 5–74% of the observed rate. Using high‐temperature shock tube experiments, Schott and Davidson [1958] evaluated rate constants for reaction e (NO 2 + NO 3 → NO + O 2 + NO 2 ) and reaction g (2NO 3 → 2NO 2 + O 2 ), but these values are much higher than the extrapolated results of Graham and Johnston [1978]. This difference is ascribed to the unrecognized contribution of reaction w in Schott and Davidson's system; with this assumption we evaluated by two methods the rate constants for w at high temperatures, which combine with the room temperature values to give the Arrhenius expression w = 2.5 × 10 6 exp (−6.1 × 10 3 / T ) s −1 . This relation implies that the unimolecular reaction has a low frequency factor and a low activation energy, which are ascribed to a forbidden transition to the low‐lying excited electronic state ( 2 E 2 ″) of NO 3 . The rate of this channel of decomposition is compared with the much slower process leading to NO 2 and O as products. Although this article gives evidence that the reaction NO 3 → NO + O 2 occurs, the quantitative values of rate coefficients are uncertain, and there are no data concerning the effect of foreign gas pressure. This article points out two methods (equations (14) and (17)) whereby deliberate studies of this reaction can be used to establish its rate coefficients and to find its M gas dependence. The recommended rate expression for reaction e is 2.05 × 10 13 exp (−1.24 × 10 4 / T )/ K eq and that for g is 8.5 × 10 −13 exp (−2.45 × 10 3 / T ) cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 , where K eq refers to the equilibrium N 2 O 5 = NO 3 + NO 2 .
Protection of Measles Virus by Sulfate Ions Against Thermal Inactivation (1965)

Rapp, Fred (Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.), Janet S. Butel, and Craig Wallis. Protection of measles virus by sulfate ions against thermal inactivation. J. Bacteriol. 90:132-135. 1965.-The infectivity of measles virus in water is rapidly destroyed at temperatures of 37 C and above. More than 50% of the infectivity is lost after 1 hr at 25 C, and almost 90% loss of infectivity occurs within 24 hr at 4 C. Magnesium chloride enhances the inactivation of the virus at all temperatures tested. Addition of either magnesium or sodium sulfate protects the virus against thermal inactivation. The stabilizing effect is demonstrable at temperatures ranging from 4 to 56 C, but is especially pronounced through 45 C. Prolonged storage (up to 6 weeks) of the virulent virus at 4 C in 1 m magnesium sulfate permits retention of substantial infectivity, whereas storage at 4 C in either water or 1 m magnesium chloride results in a loss of infectivity approximating 99% after 2 weeks. Magnesium chloride also enhances inactivation of the attenuated vaccine strain of measles virus. The attenuated virus, however, is strongly protected by magnesium sulfate against thermal inactivation, and retention of infectivity for long periods of time at 4 C seems feasible when the virus is kept in 1 m magnesium sulfate.
Photoirradiation therapy of experimental malignant glioma with 5-aminolevulinic acid (2002)

Photoirradiation therapy in combination with 5-ALA appears to damage experimental brain tumors selectively, with negligible damage to normal or perifocal edematous tissue.
DNA泡沫破灭——人类基因组研究正夯，但真的有帮助吗？ (2010)

将近10年前，当人类基因组首次完成排序时，全世界热烈讨论新式特定基因药物将可能会助我们逃过一劫。现在终于有定论了：请大家继续吃绿色蔬菜吧（译注：指与其依赖遥不可期的基因药物，还不如多吃蔬菜比较有帮助）。
Multicomponent quantitative analysis using second-order nonbilinear data: theory and simulations (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMulticomponent quantitative analysis using second-order nonbilinear data: theory and simulationsBruce E. Wilson, Walter Lindberg, and Bruce R. KowalskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 11, 3797–3804Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00193a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rational modifications on champion porphyrin dye SM315 using different electron-withdrawing moieties toward high performance dye-sensitized solar cells (2014)

Ten porphyrin sensitizers with different electron-withdrawing groups derived from the best sensitizer SM315 were investigated by means of the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. To this end, major factors affecting the performance of the cell, including light harvesting, electron injection, dye regeneration, and conduction band energy shift are taken into consideration. Especially, the calculated distance (r) from the electron recapture center to the semiconductor surface is used to probe the charge recombination process. In addition, considering the complexity of the porphyrin sensitizers' absorption, the maximum short circuit current density (J(max)sc) is determined for investigating the light harvesting ability quantitatively. We find that when compared to SM315 with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 1 with naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole shows better performance due to both larger J(max)sc and r, and 7 with diketopyrrolopyrrole could also be a promising candidate due to the much larger J(max)sc and comparable r.
Cardioprotective Effects Mediated by Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockade and Enhancing Angiotensin 1-7 in Experimental Heart Failure in Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2–Null Mice (2012)

Loss of angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and inability to metabolize Ang II to Ang 1-7 perpetuate the actions of Ang II after biomechanical stress and exacerbate early adverse myocardial remodeling. Ang receptor blockers are known to antagonize the effect of Ang II by blocking Ang II type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) and also by upregulating the ACE2 expression. We directly compare the benefits of AT(1)R blockade versus enhancing Ang 1-7 action in pressure-overload-induced heart failure in ACE2 knockout mice. AT(1)R blockade and Ang 1-7 both resulted in marked recovery of systolic dysfunction in pressure-overloaded ACE2-null mice. Similarly, both therapies attenuated the increase in NADPH oxidase activation by downregulating the expression of Nox2 and p47(phox) subunits and also by limiting the p47(phox) phosphorylation. Biomechanical stress-induced increase in protein kinase C-α expression and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β were normalized by irbesartan and Ang 1-7. Ang receptor blocker and Ang 1-7 effectively reduced matrix metalloproteinase 2 activation and matrix metalloproteinase 9 levels. Ang II-mediated cellular effects in cultured adult cardiomyocytes and cardiofibrolasts isolated from pressure-overloaded ACE2-null hearts were inhibited to similar degree by AT(1)R blockade and stimulation with Ang 1-7. Thus, treatment with the AT(1)R blocker irbesartan and Ang 1-7 prevented the cardiac hypertrophy and improved cardiac remodeling in pressure-overloaded ACE2-null mice by suppressing NADPH oxidase and normalizing pathological signaling pathways.
3-D Reconstruction of the Spine From Biplanar Radiographs Based on Contour Matching Using the Hough Transform (2013)

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a method for three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of the spine from biplanar radiographs. The approach was based on vertebral contour matching for estimating vertebral orientations and locations. Vertebral primitives were initially positioned under constraint of the 3-D spine midline, which was estimated from manually identified control points. Vertebral orientations and locations were automatically adjusted by matching projections of 3-D primitives with vertebral edges on biplanar radiographs based on the generalized Hough transform technique with a deformation tolerant matching strategy. We used graphics processing unit to accelerate reconstruction. Accuracy and precision were evaluated using radiographs from 15 scoliotic patients and a spine model in 24 poses. On in vivo radiographs, accuracy was within 2.8° for orientation and 2.4 mm for location; precision was within 2.3° for orientation and 2.1 mm for location. results were slightly better on model radiographs than on in vivo radiographs but without significance (p>0.05). The duration for user intervention was less than 2 min, and the computation time was within 3 min. Results indicated the method's reliability. It is a promising tool to determine 3-D spinal geometry with acceptable user interaction.
Statistical BSIM model for MOSFET 1/f noise (2005)

A statistical model for MOSFET 1/f noise implemented as an extension to BSIM and integrated into a process design kit is presented. Excellent model to hardware correlation is shown on measured noise statistics from over 200 devices. The statistical model enables circuit designers to run Monte Carlo and corner noise simulations, and captures the device area and bias dependence of noise variance.
Packaging and Interconnect Techniques for Complex Millimeter-Wave Front-Ends (1998)

Millimeter-wave systems increasingly are entering into commercial systems, both for communication and sensors for traffic or industrial applications. In many cases, circuit technology of the involved front-ends includes monolithic and hybrid integrated circuits and even waveguide components like filters or antenna feeds. In addition to the standard technical and environmental requirements, these front-ends have to be fabricated in large quantities at very low cost. After a short review of the problems and some general interconnect and packaging techniques for mm-wave front-ends, achievements of different research programs will be presented with emphasis on the application of multilayer carrier substrates to mm-wave circuits and the realization of packages including waveguide components byplastic injection molding.
Analysis of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methodologies for the Petroleum Industry (2007)

Abstract Decision-making within the petroleum industry is a complex process involving extensive analysis of multiple objectives based on a variety of diverse criteria. As part of the decision-making process, companies often convert non-monetary criteria to common monetary equivalents, i.e. assigning costs allocations regarding public response to a proposed project. However, this approach has many limitations related to recognizing the company's true financial performance in comparison to quality, safety, environmental concerns and other factors. When nominal factors are involved, it may be practical for decision-makers to rely on intuition and experience to guide their decisions. However, when multi-criteria exist, simplistic intuitive process may not be applicable in which case a more detailed and robust process is required. The process of multicriteria decision-making starts with eliciting judgment concerning corporate decision-making policy, in particular identifying levels of risk tolerance. By interviewing key decision-makers and reviewing historical decision making policy, it is possible to identify and quantify an organizations strategic preferences and overall objectives. Such findings can then be used in the multicriteria decision analysis process to further distinguish a company's priorities and requirements. This paper examines different multicriteria decision making methodologies including the multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT), the simple multi-attribute rating technique (SMART), and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This paper presents an independent review and comparison of each method while highlighting how each method can be applied for evaluating different types of decisions within the petroleum industry. This paper also creates discussion around heuristic, intuitive as well as other mental strategies that exist, placing focus on their individual strengths and weaknesses. Intuitive and Formalized Approaches for Multicriteria Decision-Making Multicriteria decision-making is a process that can assist an individual and/or an organization to effectively incorporate and evaluate all known factors and outcomes associated with a required decision. The goal of this process is to provide the decision-maker with sufficient information in order to choose an alternative that results in the most feasible and optimal outcome. Traditionally, many decisions involving multiple objectives and trade-offs are made intuitively by a decision-maker without sophisticated analysis or examination. This style of decision-making relies primarily on various mental simplification techniques by each individual in determining the specific decision of choice. In many cases these techniques, or heuristics, lead to high quality decisions, however they are often polluted by individual biases and predictable mental errors. In the case of oil and gas exploration and production, such biases may possibly lead to very damaging mistakes.
Co-inhibition of microRNA-10b and microRNA-21 exerts synergistic inhibition on the proliferation and invasion of human glioma cells (2012)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. Alterations in the expression of miRNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis and development of most human malignancies. Recent data indicate that microRNA-21 and microRNA-10b are significantly elevated in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) suggesting their role in the regulation of multiple genes associated with cancer. In this study, U87MG human glioblastoma cells were treated with miRNA inhibitors targeting miR-10b and miR-21, alone or in combination. The results showed that the miR-21 inhibitor additively interacted with miR-10b inhibitor on U87MG cells. The 50% inhibitory concentration values were dramatically decreased in cells treated with the combination of miR-10b and miR-21 inhibitors. Furthermore, inhibitors synergistically combined, enhanced apoptosis significantly and reduced invasion ability assessed by flow cytometry and Transwell migration assay. Thus, the miR-21 inhibitor may interrupt the activity of EGFR pathways, increasing PDCD4 and TPM1 expression and reducing MMP activities, independently of PTEN status. Meanwhile, miR-10b inhibitor reduced by Twist proceeds to inhibit translation of the mRNA encoding HOXD10 leading to the increase of the expression of the well-characterized pro-metastatic gene RHOC. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that a combination of miR-21 inhibitor and miR-10b inhibitor could be an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling the growth of GBM by inhibiting oncogene expression and overexpressing tumor suppressor genes. Moreover, a regulatory strategy based on the combination of miRNA inhibitors may provide insights into the mechanisms of the modulation of signaling genes involved in tumor cell apoptosis and invasiveness.
A pulse compression processor implementation with DSP for airborne pulse Doppler radar (2002)

In this paper, we describe a pulse compressor implementation with DSP for small time-bandwidth (TB) product linear frequency modulation (LFM) waveform. It contains the digital generation of the LFM waveform and the digital internally Hamming weighted compression filter. Two methods for suppression of time sidelobe of the digital pulse compressor are employed. First, the LFM waveform is modified using cubic phase predistortion for reducting the effect of Fresnel ripples in small TB product LFM waveform. Secondly, anti-aliasing filter is used before A/D converter for reducting spectrum skirt level of the returned LFM waveform. The parameters of the compression filter implemented with IMSA100 DSP are programmable. The experiments show that the peak time sidelobe level of the digital pulse compressor is not larger than -32 dB for TB product of 20.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Retinal Pigment Epithelium (1998)

As a result, the RPE is vital to retinal function, but also a site of aging and disease that cause dysfunction and visual loss. This book brings together comprehensive reviews of basic and clinical science concerning the RPE.
An Intracisternal A-Particle DNA Sequence Is Closely Linked to the Thrombomodulin Gene in Some Strains of Laboratory Mice (1993)

Sequence analysis of the 5' end of the thrombomodulin (TM) gene has identified a difference in two strains of laboratory mice, BALB/cBD (maintained at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory) and the strain used for the sequence listed in the GenBank data base. An intracisternal A-particle (IAP) provirus was present in the BALB/cBD sequence but absent from the GenBank sequence. Thus, there are two different 5' regions for the TM gene in mice. Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction analyses on other mouse strains demonstrated the presence of this proviral sequence in five out of ten strains tested. Northern blot analyses demonstrated that there were differences (up to three-fold) in the steady-state levels of TM mRNA among the strains. However, TM mRNA levels did not correlate directly with the presence of the IAP DNA upstream from the TM gene. This is in contrast to other loci (the interleukin-3 gene, c-mos, and the immunoglobulin Ck gene), in which the IAP element is known to affect levels of RNA transcription. While the IAP provirus does not appear to have an effect on TM transcription under normal conditions, it is possible that transcription levels altered by factors like thrombin and tumor necrosis factor are affected by the IAP provirus.
Modeling and simulation of an HVAC system for energy analysis and management of commercial buildings (2014)

Commercial buildings consume a considerable amount of the world's energy and this can be substantially reduced through strategic monitoring and optimization of their energy consumption. Hence, monitoring and managing the available electrical power is a very important part of conserving energy resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and cutting down energy expenses. An attempt has been made to model and simulate the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning) system for a typical commercial building, which consumes the most electrical power in such buildings. The various components of an HVAC system were mathematically modeled and were integrated to simulate real-time energy and process parameters. A software application was developed using LabVIEW, which enables the user to configure the system parameters through a Human Machine Interface (HMI). The HMI would enable building design engineers to design and set-up an effective Energy Management System, and test such designs with negligible cost and minimal complexity compared to that involved in using physical loads.
Language Engineering Tools for Healthcare Telematics (1999)

Computer applications have become an essential part in the delivery of care and it is expected that their impact will even grow more in the future. Hence the need for more advanced ways of communication guided by natural language. In this paper, we present an introductory overview of the possibilities of medical natural language processing and the enabling technologies that are available today to be integrated in healthcare telematic applications.
Transmission enhancement in an array of subwavelength slits in aluminum due to surface plasmon resonances (2005)

The coupling of light to surface plasmons through periodic subwavelength metallic structures could strongly modify the optical properties of a metal film. We demonstrate that the optical transmission through an array of subwavelength slits is as high as 80% at resonance, even though the width of each slit is almost 10 times smaller than the wavelength and the slits occupy only 25% of the area of the metal. Numerical calculations suggest that the field intensity is strongly enhanced near the metal surface. The field enhancement could be used for generating nonlinear optical effects and for high sensitivity detection of nanomechanical displacement.
Impaired thymopoietic potential of immature CD3–CD4+CD8– T cell precursors from SIV-infected rhesus monkeys (1999)

Immature thymocyte subpopulations were examined for their capacity to differentiate in a newly developed xenogeneic monkey-mouse fetal thymus organ culture (FTOC) system. We provide evidence for impaired precursor function of CD3(-)CD4(+)CD8(-) thymocytes after in vivo infection with SIVmac251 as indicated by a reduced cell number per FTOC and a lower percentage of thymocytes with more mature phenotypes. Addition of recombinant SIV glycoprotein 120 (rgp120) also resulted in a dose-dependent impairment of T cell maturation in FTOC. The data suggest that in patients infected with HIV, T cell maturation and thus replenishment of peripheral pools may be compromised as a result of intrathymic infection or circulating viral gp120.