gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semaphorin 3A is an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks tumor growth and normalizes tumor vasculature in transgenic mouse models (2009)

Tumor growth and progression rely upon angiogenesis, which is regulated by pro- and antiangiogenic factors, including members of the semaphorin family. By analyzing 3 different mouse models of multistep carcinogenesis, we show here that during angiogenesis, semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is expressed in ECs, where it serves as an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis that is present in premalignant lesions and lost during tumor progression. Pharmacologic inhibition of endogenous Sema3A during the angiogenic switch, the point when pretumoral lesions initiate an angiogenic phase that persists throughout tumor growth, enhanced angiogenesis and accelerated tumor progression. By contrast, when, during the later stages of carcinogenesis following endogenous Sema3A downmodulation, Sema3A was ectopically reintroduced into islet cell tumors by somatic gene transfer, successive waves of apoptosis ensued, first in ECs and then in tumor cells, resulting in reduced vascular density and branching and inhibition of tumor growth and substantially extended survival. Further, long-term reexpression of Sema3A markedly improved pericyte coverage of tumor blood vessels, something that is thought to be a key property of tumor vessel normalization, and restored tissue normoxia. We conclude, therefore, that Sema3A is an endogenous and effective antiangiogenic agent that stably normalizes the tumor vasculature.
An essential role for the <i>Drosophila Pax2</i> homolog in the differentiation of adult sensory organs (1999)

The adult peripheral nervous system of Drosophila includes a complex array of mechanosensory organs (bristles) that cover much of the body surface of the fly. The four cells (shaft, socket, sheath, and neuron) which compose each of these organs adopt distinct fates as a result of cell-cell signaling via the Notch (N) pathway. However, the specific mechanisms by which these cells execute their conferred fates are not well understood. Here we show that D-Pax2, the Drosophila homolog of the vertebrate Pax2 gene, has an essential role in the differentiation of the shaft cell. In flies bearing strong loss-of-function mutations in the shaven function of D-Pax2, shaft structures specifically fail to develop. Consistent with this, we find that D-Pax2 protein is expressed in all cells of the bristle lineage during the mitotic (cell fate specification) phase of bristle development, but becomes sharply restricted to the shaft and sheath cells in the post-mitotic (differentiative) phase. Two lines of evidence described here indicate that D-Pax2 expression and function is at least in part downstream of cell fate specification mechanisms such as N signaling. First, we find that the lack of late D-Pax2 expression in the socket cell (the sister of the shaft cell) is controlled by N pathway activity; second, we find that loss of D-Pax2 function is epistatic to the socket-to-shaft cell fate transformation caused by reduced N signaling. Finally, we show that misexpression of D-Pax2 is sufficient to induce the production of ectopic shaft structures. From these results, we propose that D-Pax2 is a high-level transcriptional regulator of the shaft cell differentiation program, and acts downstream of the N signaling pathway as a specific link between cell fate determination and cell differentiation in the bristle lineage.
Impact of Joule heating on the microstructure of nanoscale TiO2 resistive switching devices (2013)

The microstructure of TiO2 functional layers in nanoscale resistive switching devices was analyzed using Scanning Electron and Transmission Electron Microscopies (SEM and TEM). The TiO2 layers in as-fabricated devices were amorphous with very weak lattice fringes in High Resolution TEM. After electroformation with low power dissipation (PDIS &lt; 0.4 mW), the microstructural changes in the TiO2 layer were limited to an area approximately 75∼100 nm in radius indicating that the current path and Joule heating were localized. Since the reset power (≈2.4 mW) was greater than the electroformation power, switching cycles resulted in an increased area of the TiO2 affected zone and more morphological changes to the Pt electrodes and functional layers. Electroformation under large power dissipation (15 mW) led to massive redistribution of Pt, including shorting of electrodes through the oxide layer. Modeling temperature distribution in the devices found maximum temperature to be strongly dependent on the power dissipation. Computational estimates of the temperature exceed 323 °C at electroformation (0.4 mW), 819 °C at reset (2.4 mW), and the melting point of Pt electrode at large power (15 mW) dissipation. The microstructural changes appear to be caused by Joule heating during device operation.
Myxoma Virus Infection Promotes NK Lysis of Malignant Gliomas In Vitro and In Vivo (2013)

Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a well-established oncolytic agent against different types of tumors. MYXV is also known for its immunomodulatory properties in down-regulating major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I surface expression (via the M153R gene product, a viral E3-ubiquitin ligase) and suppressing T cell killing of infected target cells. MHC I down-regulation, however, favors NK cell activation. Brain tumors including gliomas are characterized by high MHC I expression with impaired NK activity. We thus hypothesized that MYXV infection of glioma cells will promote NK cell-mediated recognition and killing of gliomas. We infected human gliomas with MYXV and evaluated their susceptibility to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. MYXV enhanced NK cell-mediated killing of glioma cells (U87 cells, MYXV vs. Mock: 51.73% vs. 28.63%, P = .0001, t test; U251 cells, MYXV vs. Mock: 40.4% vs. 20.03%, P .0007, t test). Using MYXV M153R targeted knockout (designated vMyx-M153KO) to infect gliomas, we demonstrate that M153R was responsible for reduced expression of MHC I on gliomas and enhanced NK cell-mediated antiglioma activity (U87 cells, MYXV vs. vMyx-M153KO: 51.73% vs. 25.17%, P = .0002, t test; U251 cells, MYXV vs. vMyx-M153KO: 40.4% vs. 19.27, P = .0013, t test). Consequently, NK cell-mediated lysis of established human glioma tumors in CB-17 SCID mice was accelerated with improved mouse survival (log-rank P = .0072). These results demonstrate the potential for combining MYXV with NK cells to effectively kill malignant gliomas.
Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Microporous Manganese Titanate Pillared with Silica (1998)

The layered material RbxMnxTi2-xO4 (x = 0.75) was pillared with silica. The Rb ions were first exchanged with n-alkylammonium ions (CnH2n+1NH3, n = 6−18) to separate the interlayer space of the titanate, and then tetraethoxysilane was hydrolyzed between the layers. Burning off the organic parts resulted in silica pillared microporous solids with a surface area as large as 500−800 m2/g. The porous structure was stable up to 600 °C. Adsorption−desorption isotherms for various vapors, such as water, methanol, toluene, and mesitylene, were measured, which suggested that the porous structure formed between the layers was very similar to those of zeolites and uniform without mesopores. The pores showed hydrophobic properties. Their size was on the order of that of mesitylene.
EphA2 ligation by Ephrin-A1::Fc attenuates pancreatic adenocarcinoma cellular invasiveness (2004)

Duxbury, Mark S. MA, MRCS; Benoit, Eric MD; Ito, Hiromichi MD; Zinner, Michael MD, FACS; Ashley, Stanley MD, FACS; Whang, Edward MD, FACS Author Information
FOOD SAFETY CONTROL SYSTEM IN CHINA (2007)

Most countries have expended much effort to develop food safety control systems to ensure safe food supplies within their borders. China, as one of the world's largest food producers and consumers,pays a lot of attention to food safety issues. In recent years, China has taken actions and implemented a series of plans in respect to food safety. Food safety control systems including regulatory, supervisory,and science and technology systems, have begun to be established in China. Using, as a base, an analysis of the current Chinese food safety control system as measured against international standards, this paper discusses the need for China to standardize its food safety control system. We then suggest some policies and measures to improve the Chinese food safety control system.
A Heat Transfer Model for a Heated Helium Airship (1987)

Basic heat transfer empirical and analytic equations are applied to a double envelope airship concept which uses heated Helium in the inner envelope to augment and/or control gross lift. The convective and conductive terms lead to a linear system of five equations for the concept airship, with the nonlinear radiation terms included by an iterative solution process. A FORTRAN program, is used to perform the tedious calculations, and graphed results are obtained for the variables of interest. These indicate that the simple use of airship engine exhaust heat will give more than a 30% increase in gross airship lift. Possibly more than 100% increase can be achieved if a 'steam injection' heating system, with associated design problems, is used. (Theses)
A new single electron transistor (1992)

The authors propose and demonstrate a novel single-electron transistor (SET) where the drain current is controlled by a single electron. This SET is similar to a GaAs-AlGaAs heterostructure modulation-doped FET, except that it has a split gate which electrostatically squeezes a 2-D channel into a 1-D channel, and it also has a nanoscale metal bar inside the gate gap to form a potential barrier in the 1-D channel. At certain gate voltages, a single electron can be 'stopped' inside the 1-D channel by the potential barrier, and due to Coulomb repulsion this electron 'blocks' the current flow from the source of the FET to the drain (Coulomb blockade). Therefore, the drain current of the SET will oscillate with the gate voltage, giving strong negative differential resistances, instead of being a linear function of gate voltage, as in a conventional FET operated in the linear regime.
Intensification of catalytic olefin hydroformylation in CO<sub>2</sub>‐expanded media (2006)

Abstract CO 2 ‐expanded liquids (CXLs) are demonstrated to be effective reaction media for the catalytic hydroformylation of 1‐octene. The performance of several rhodium catalysts, Rh(acac)(CO) 2 , Rh(acac)[P(OPh) 3 ] 2 , Rh(acac)(CO)[P(OAr) 3 ], and two phosphorous ligands, PPh 3 and biphephos, was compared in neat organic solvents and in CXLs wherein more than 50% of the solvent volume is replaced with dense CO 2 at relatively mild temperatures (30–90°C) and pressures (<12 MPa). For all catalysts, enhanced turnover frequencies (TOFs) were observed in CXLs. For the most active catalyst, Rh(acac)(CO) 2 modified by biphephos ligand, the selectivity to aldehyde products was improved from approximately 70% in neat solvent to nearly 95% in CXL media. The enhanced rates and selectivity are attributed to increased syngas availability in the CXL phase. In experiments performed without added solvent, a TOF maximum was observed at an optimum CO 2 content. It appears that at higher than optimum CO 2 content, the TOF decreases as a result of dilution of substrate by CO 2 , whereas at lower than optimum values the TOF is limited by reduced syngas availability. The observed TOF (∼300 h −1 ), n/i ratio (>10), and aldehyde selectivity (∼90%) at the optimum CO 2 content were either comparable to or better than values reported with other media and catalysts. Furthermore, the operating pressure (3.8 MPa) and temperature (60°C) for the CXL process are significantly milder than those reported for industrial hydroformylation processes. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Milk Proteins, Nutritive Value of Whey Powder Protein (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMilk Proteins, Nutritive Value of Whey Powder ProteinL. K. Riggs, Annabel Beaty, and Bernard MallonCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1955, 3, 4, 333–337Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60050a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views250Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (582 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
26.3: Low Voltage Zenithal Bistable Devices with Wide Operating Windows (2003)

Abstract Key parameters for any bistable device are operating voltage and temperature range. The development of liquid crystal mixtures for use with grating aligned Zenithal Bistable Displays (ZBD™) is described for the first time. Latching at voltages less than 5V, with 20V addressing faster than 80μs per line and operation over a temperature range from −20°C to 80°C are all demonstrated in the same 4μm device.
Analgesia effect analysis on 60 cases of spinal disease sufentanil compound flurbiprofen ester postoperative (2014)

Objective: To study the compound flurbiprofen sufentanil esters used in effect of analgesia after spinal surgery. Methods: 180 cases ASA grade Ⅰ- Ⅱ elective orthopaedic spinal surgery patients in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2011,randomly divided into A,B,C three groups,each group 60 cases. Three groups of patients after surgery in patients with venous self- control analgesia PCIA. Postoperative analgesia with sufentanil group A( including 2 g / kg + saline water to 100 ml. Sufentanil group B( including 2 g flurbiprofen ester 150 mg / kg + + saline to 100 ml. Sufentanil group C( including 4 g- 100- ml / kg + saline water. Three groups of PCIA pump parameters Settings: background dose 2 ml,a single load 2 ml dose,the lock time of 15 min. Observe three groups of patients after 2 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h resting analgesia scores and during PCIA nausea,vomiting,dizziness,drowsiness,respiratory inhibition adverse reactions occur. Results: Postoperative VAS score at each time point,group A score higher than that of group B and group C( P 0. 05)). PCIA adverse reactions during the period of observation,A,B two groups,nausea,vomiting,dizziness,sleepiness in patients were less than group C,and there are two cases of respiratory inhibition in group C,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Sufentanil compound flurbiprofen esters used in analgesia after spinal surgery effect might be good,all kinds of bad reaction incidence was low.
Effect of cognitive arousal on sleep latency, somatic and cortical arousal following partial sleep deprivation (2004)

Emerging research has shown that sleepiness, defined as the tendency to fall asleep, is not only determined by sleep pressure and time of day, but also by physiological and cognitive arousal. In this study we evaluated (i) the impact of experimentally induced cognitive arousal on electroencephalogram (EEG) defined sleep latency, and subjective, somatic and cortical arousal, and (ii) whether experimentally induced cognitive arousal enhances performance on a driving simulator test. Twelve healthy sleepers each spent three nights and the following day in the sleep laboratory: an adaptation, a cognitive arousal and a neutral testing day. In the cognitive arousal condition, a visit of a television camera crew took place and subjects were asked to be interviewed. On each testing day, a 5-min heart rate recording, subjective sleepiness and arousal scales, Multiple Sleep Latency Test and a 25-min driving simulator task were scheduled three times at 2-h intervals. Experimentally induced cognitive arousal resulted in significant increases in objective sleep latency. Significantly elevated levels of subjective and somatic arousal--as indexed by a subjective arousal scale and heart rate--were also evidenced following cognitive arousal induction. A marginally significant trend for increased cortical arousal, measured by EEG beta activity, was also found. No effects were found on driving simulator performance. These findings support the concept of cognitive arousal as a significant component in determining sleep latency. In addition, it was illustrated that cognitively induced arousal can provoke increases in somatic and possibly even cortical arousal in normal sleepers. However, this was not accompanied by an enhanced ability to perform adequately on a driving simulator test.
Distinguishing a Majorana zero mode using spin-resolved measurements (2017)

One-dimensional topological superconductors host Majorana zero modes (MZMs), the nonlocal property of which could be exploited for quantum computing applications. We use spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy to show that MZMs realized in self-assembled Fe chains on the surface of Pb have a spin polarization that exceeds that stemming from the magnetism of these chains. This feature, captured by our model calculations, is a direct consequence of the nonlocality of the Hilbert space of MZMs emerging from a topological band structure. Our study establishes spin-polarization measurements as a diagnostic tool to distinguish topological MZMs from trivial in-gap states of a superconductor.
The region of the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 responsible for determination of cell tropism (1992)

Different isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vary in the cell tropisms they display, i.e., the range of cell types in which they are able to establish a productive infection. Here, we report on the phenotypes of recombinants between two molecularly cloned strains of HIV-1. Our results prove that the envelope glycoprotein gp120 is solely responsible for the difference in cell tropism between the two parental isolates and that no other genes or sequences are involved in determining the cell tropism of these strains. The region of the envelope involved in the determination of cell tropism includes sequences which encode the V3 loop of gp120. Control of cell tropism by this region of the virus env gene is a general phenomenon which applies to many different HIV-1 isolates.
Urinary catheter management. (2000)

The use of urinary catheters should be avoided whenever possible. Clean intermittent catheterization, when practical, is preferable to long-term catheterization. Suprapubic catheters offer some advantages, and condom catheters may be appropriate for some men. While clean handling of catheters is important, routine perineal cleaning and catheter irrigation or changing are ineffective in eliminating bacteriuria. Bacteriuria is inevitable in patients requiring long-term catheterization, but only symptomatic infections should be treated. Infections are usually polymicrobial, and seriously ill patients require therapy with two antibiotics. Patients with spinal cord injuries and those using catheters for more than 10 years are at greater risk of bladder cancer and renal complications; periodic renal scans, urine cytology and cystoscopy may be indicated in these patients.
Control of cavitation during superplastic forming of high strength aluminium alloys (1989)

AbstractThis investigation deals with superplastic deformation and cavitation behaviour of a 7475 high strength aluminium alloy in uniaxial tension. Intergranular cavitation increases sharply with strain as a result of continuous nucleation, thus limiting the ductility to relatively small strains in the superplastic range and affecting the room temperature service properties. To reduce the overall cavitation, several processes have been carried out. They involve treatments of the material with or without superimposed hydrostatic pressure and they can be applied before, during, or after deformation. The results of these processes are presented and compared. It is concluded that cavitation can be significantly reduced and even eliminated. Such a result can increase the use of superplastic forming for industrial applications in aeronautics and aerospace technology.MST/985
A Finite Element Approach to Modal Parameter Estimation of Vertical Tail Fin (2014)

The vertical stabilizers or fin of aircraft, missiles or bombs are typically found on the aft end of the fuselage or body, and are intended to reduce aerodynamic side slip and provide direction stability. Vertical tails designed for aircrafts suffer from reduced stability and control effectiveness at high dynamic pressures due to aeroelastic effects. Adequate tail performance requires a detailed study on dynamic performance before investigating aeroelastic effects. Experimental modal analysis is a very extensive, time consuming and expensive process while finite element analysis is quick, accurate, fast and economical. Hence, in the present work it is purposed to carry out a detailed finite element simulation of vertical tail fin for a UAV to evaluate modal parameters such as natural frequencies and its corresponding modal shapes. CAD modeling of the vertical tail fin was done in UG NX using spline and swept commands. The vertical fin is sandwiched with polyurethene foam of density 70kg/m 3 bonded with thin Aluminum sheet of 1mm thickness as face sheets. Similarly, biwoven e-glass fiber was considered as face sheets along with PU foam as core. The meshing of model was carried out using a 10 noded solid tetrahedral element. Boundary conditions were simulated and dynamic analysis was performed to evaluate natural frequencies and corresponding modal shapes.
A 3/5 volt compatible I/O buffer (1994)

The design of a digital input/output buffer is described for operation in 3 volt ICs with 5 volt input signals. The design has been processed in 0.8 and 0.6 ?m CMOS processes. A comparison of results is presented.
Determination of Total Antioxidant Capacity by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) Using Fluorescein as the Fluorescence Probe: First Action 2012.23 (2013)

An improved method for the measurement of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was developed and validated using fluorescein (3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[isobenzofuran-1[3H], 9'[9H]-xanthen]-3-one) as a new fluorescence probe (ORAC(FL)). Randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (RMCD) was introduced as the water-solubility enhancer for lipophilic antioxidants. 7% RMCD (w/v) in 50% acetone-H2O mixture sufficiently solubilized vitamin E compounds and other lipophilic phenolic antioxidants in 75 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Results indicated that fluorescein shows excellent photostability under the plate reader conditions. This ORAC(FL) was validated through linearity, precision, accuracy, and ruggedness. The validation results demonstrated that the ORACFL assay is reliable and robust. The mean of intraday and interday CVs were <15%; for hydrophilic ORAC, LOD and LOQ are 5 and 6.25 microM, respectively; for lipophilic ORAC, LOD and LOQ are 6.25 and 12.5 microM, respectively. It is concluded that unlike other popular methods, the ORAC(FL) assay provides a direct measure of total antioxidant capacity against the peroxyl radicals.