gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolution and Some Properties of Acid Phosphatase Isozymes Bound to the Cell Wall of Potato Tubers (1981)

Journal Article Resolution and Some Properties of Acid Phosphatase Isozymes Bound to the Cell Wall of Potato Tubers Get access Shiro Sugawara, Shiro Sugawara Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshitsugu Inamoto, Yoshitsugu Inamoto Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masayuki Ushijima Masayuki Ushijima Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 8, 1 August 1981, Pages 1767–1773, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1981.10864787 Published: 01 August 1981 Article history Received: 17 October 1980 Published: 01 August 1981
Immunotherapy and Hyperprogression: Unwanted Outcomes, Unclear Mechanism (2018)

Hyperprogression (HP) is a recently defined clinical phenomenon in which patients treated with immunotherapy paradoxically exhibit rapid tumor growth. The mechanisms of hyperprogression remain ill-defined, although recent studies in this issue point to a possible role for Fc receptors in this process.<i>See related article by Lo Russo et al., p. 989</i>.
A connected spoken word recognition method by O(n) dynamic programming pattern matching algorithm (2005)

An O(n) dynamic programming (time warping) matching algorithm is proposed for connected spoken word recognition. The algorithm is based on the same principle of Two Level DP, Level Building DP, and Clock-Wise DP matching methods. The O(n) DP method is computationally more efficient than the conventional methods and also does not require many memory storages. This is able to recognize connected spoken words by one level (one pass) DP matching for every reference patterns. The amount of computation is the same as that of isolated spoken word recognition by DP matching. Of course, this algorithm gives the same results as Two Level DP, Level Building DP and Clock-Wise DP methods. Further, the flexibility of this algorithm is increased by embedding the unconstrained endpoints DP matching on both reference patterns and test pattern, and weighted DP matching. We show from the experiment on connected spoken digit recognition that the augmented algorithm improves the results.
Electrical properties of Pb(Zr<sub>0.53</sub>Ti<sub>0.47</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> thin film capacitors with modified RuO<sub>2</sub> bottom electrodes (1995)

Abstract Growth of Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) thin films on RuO2 electrodes by the sol-gel process is usually accompanied by the formation of second phases. The resulting RuO2/PZT/RuO2 capacitors are fatigue-free up to nearly 1011 switching cycles, but they have high leakage currents (J∼10−3 A/cm2 at 1 volt) and large property variation. We have developed several modifications of the RuO2 bottom electrode which enhance nucleation of the perovskite phase, eliminate or reduce the second phases, and control film orientation and properties. The PZT films deposited on the modified RuO2 electrodes have leakage current densities which are two to four orders of magnitude lower than those of PZT films deposited on the unmodified RuO2 electrodes. In most cases, the excellent resistance to polarization fatigue which is characteristic of the RuO2/PZT/RuO2 capacitors, is maintained.
Mild Feline Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI (1998)

The missense mutation, L476P, in the N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase (4S) gene, has previously been shown to be associated with a severe feline mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) phenotype. The present study describes a second mutation, D520N, in the same MPS VI cat colony, which is inherited independently of L476P and is associated with a clinically mild MPS VI phenotype in D520N/L476P compound heterozygous cats. Biochemical and clinical assessment of L476P homozygous, D520N/L476P compound heterozygous, and D520N homozygous cats demonstrated that the entire range of clinical phenotypes, from severe MPS VI, to mild MPS VI, to normal are clustered within a narrow range of residual 4S activity from 0. 5% to 4.6% of normal levels. When overexpressed in CHO-KI cells, the secreted form of D520N 4S was inactivated in neutral pH conditions. In addition, intracellular D520N 4S protein was rapidly degraded and corresponded to 37%, 14.5%, and 0.67% of normal 4S protein levels in the microsomal, endosomal, and lysosomal compartments, respectively. However, the specific activity of lysosomal D520N 4S was elevated 22. 5-fold when compared with wild-type 4S. These results suggest that the D520N mutation causes a rapid degradation of 4S protein. The effect of this is partially ameliorated as a result of a significant elevation in the specific activity of mutant D520N 4S reaching the lysosomal compartment.
AutoSeek: A Method to Identify Candidate Automation Steps in IT Change Management (2007)

A variety of processes for managing IT systems are being remotely serviced today. There is a growing realization that in these services, which were hither-to labor-centric, better service quality and reduced cost could be achieved with more automation but it is not clear what steps should be automated and how. We 'present a method, called AutoSeek, to systematically analyze a process to select steps that can be automated in a cost-effective manner with the appropriate level of policy-based automation. In doing so, we balance the savings from automation with the cost of implementating and maintaining the automated steps. AutoSeek has been applied to different types of delivery processes and has been found effective as a broad framework towards systematically making 'process improvements.
A reciprocal relationship between Rb and Skp2: implications for restriction point control, signal transduction to the cell cycle, and cancer (2008)

The identification of Skp2 as a direct E2F target has allowed us to document the existence of a positive feedback loop comprised of Rb-E2F, Skp2, p27 and cyclin E-cdk2. We have termed this set of regulatory molecules the Skp2 autoinduction loop. Interference with this loop selectively regulates cell cycle progression through the restriction point. We describe here how the Skp2 autoinduction loop may interact with other regulatory controls on the restriction point, and how the reciprocal relationship between Rb and Skp2 may affect signal transduction to the cell cycle and thinking about the role of Skp2 overexpression in cancers.
Factors which influence the formation of oxadiazoles from anthranilhydrazides and other benzoylhydrazines (1984)

Abstract The cyclization of o ‐aminobenzoylhydrazine ( 1a ) and its 5‐methyl derivative 1b with four equivalents and with one equivalent of triethyl orthoacetate (TEOA) was studied. 3‐Amino‐2‐methyl‐4(3 H )‐quinazolinone ( 2a ), 3,4‐dihydro‐2‐methyl‐5 H ‐1,3,4‐benzotriazepin‐5‐one ( 3a ) and an imino ether derivative of 2a , N ‐[2‐methyl‐4‐oxo‐3(4 H )quinazolinyl]ethanimidic acid ethyl ester ( 4a ) were obtained from the reaction of 1a with four equivalents of TEOA. These results were compared with those of Merour [1] who isolated 2a and 3a using the same conditions. When 1a was treated with one equivalent of TEOA, 2a, 3a , and a new product, 2‐(5‐methyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)benzenamine ( 5a ) were produced, and 4a was not. Similar results were obtained with the reactions of 1b with TEOA. Authentic samples of oxadiazoles 5a and b were prepared by alternate routes. Novel acid‐catalyzed rearrangements of benzotriazepinones 3a and b , to mixtures of aminoquinazolinones 2a and b and oxadiazoles 5a and b , respectively, were found. The different relative amounts of aminoquinazolinones 2 and oxadiazoles 5 which were produced from these rearrangements allowed us to choose between two potential mechanisms for these interesting rearrangements. Treatment of 5‐nitrobenzoylhydrazine ( 37 ) with four equivalents of TEOA gave three products which were characterized, but did not lead to benzotriazepinone formation.
Linear polyethyleneimine-based charge-reversal nanoparticles for nuclear-targeted drug delivery (2011)

Cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) can carry DNA across the cell membrane and enter the nucleus, and thus can be a very useful carrier for nuclear drug delivery; however, its highly positive charges make it toxic and not applicable for systemic drug delivery. Here, well-defined linear PEI (Mn = 1000 or 1500 or 2000)-block-polycaprolactone (Mn = 2000) (LPEI–PCL) was synthesized and used to fabricate a pH-triggered charge-reversal nanoparticle to solve this problem. LPEI's secondary amines are amidized as acid-labile β-carboxylic amides (LPEI/amide–PCL). LPEI/amide–PCL formed negatively charged nanoparticles with very low toxicity and low interaction with cells. Once in an acidic environment, the amides hydrolyze to regenerate the amine groups, producing LPEI–PCL nanoparticles carrying cationic charges. The LPEI–PCL escapes from the lysosomes and traverses into the nucleus. Folic-acid targeting groups are introduced to render the nanoparticles cancer-cell targeting capability. The nanoparticles efficiently enter folate-receptor overexpressing cancer cells and traverse to their nuclei. The DOX loaded in the carrier shows much improved cytotoxicity to cancer cells.
EEG brain mapping in evaluating the time‐course of the central action of DUP 996‐a new acetylcholine releasing drug. (1989)

1. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study the encephalotropic effects of DUP 996, a novel phenylindolinone derivative for Alzheimer's disease enhancing the release of acetylcholine in cholinergic nerve terminals in the brain only when its release is triggered, were studied with special consideration of the pharmacodynamic time-course. 2. Thirteen healthy male volunteers aged 18-40 years received randomized and at weekly intervals, single oral doses of placebo and 30 mg DUP 996. Blood sampling for plasma concentration analysis, EEG recordings and evaluation of pulse, blood pressure and side effects were carried out at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. 3. Computer-assisted spectral analysis of the EEG and subsequent topographic brain mapping of the drug-induced EEG changes demonstrated significant central effects of DUP 996 suggesting vigilance-improving properties. The findings were characterized mostly by an augmentation of total power as well as by an increase of absolute power in the alpha and alpha-adjacent beta activity. 4. Time-course investigations demonstrated two pharmacodynamic peaks: a first one in the 2nd h and a second one in the 12th h. In detail CNS effects increased up to the 2nd h, showed a drop in the 4th h, increased again thereafter to peak in the 12th h. Even in the 24th h there were significant differences between DUP 996 and placebo. The latter suggests an indirect effect and/or an active metabolite, as the parent drug is rapidly absorbed and has a rather short plasma half-life between 1-3 h. 5. DUP 996-induced EEG-changes over time were most pronounced over temporo-occipital, temporo-frontal, parietal and frontal regions, e.g. over brain areas afflicted most by Alzheimer's disease. 6. Evaluation of vital signs, laboratory findings and ECG as well as adverse effects showed a very good tolerability of DUP 996.
Designing New Lithium-Excess Cathode Materials from Percolation Theory: Nanohighways in Li<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ni<sub>2–4<i>x</i>/3</sub>Sb<sub><i>x</i>/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (2014)

Increasing lithium content is shown to be a successful strategy for designing new cathode materials. In layered Li(x)Ni(2-4x/3)Sb(x/3)O2 (x = 1.00-1.15), lithium excess improves both discharge capacity and capacity retention at 1C. Structural studies reveal a complex nanostructure pattern of Li-Sb and Ni-Sb ordering where the interface between these domains forms the correct local configuration for good lithium mobility. The <1 nm Li-Sb stripe domains and their interfaces thereby effectively act as nanohighways for lithium diffusion.
Selecting Topology and Connectivity through Metal-Directed Macrocyclization Reactions:  A Square Planar Palladium [2]Catenate and Two Noninterlocked Isomers (2005)

We report the synthesis of a [2]catenate using a square planar palladium(II) template, together with two isomers of the interlocked structure: a single tetradentate macrocycle that adopts a "figure of eight" conformation to encapsulate the metal and a complex in which the two macrocycles of the catenane are not interlocked. The three isomers can each be selectively formed depending on how the building blocks are assembled and cyclized. Olefin metathesis of both building blocks while they are attached to the metal gives the single large macrocycle in 77% yield. Cyclizing the monodentate unit prior to attaching both ligands to the metal gives the [2]catenate in 78% yield. Preforming the tridentate macrocycle produces a complex in two atropisomeric forms-threaded and nonthreaded-in a 2:3 ratio, which do not interconvert in dichloromethane at room temperature over 7 days. RCM of the nonthreaded atropisomer affords the complex with two noninterlocked macrocyclic ligands; RCM of the threaded atropisomer generates the topologically isomeric [2]catenate. Heating the acyclic atropisomers in acetonitrile provides a mechanism for their interconversion via ligand exchange, allowing the threaded:nonthreaded ratio to be varied from 2:3 to 8:1. All three fully ring-closed complexes were characterized unambiguously by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. As far as we are aware, this is the first time such a set of three formal topological and constitutional isomers has been described.
Multiple feature fusion by subspace learning (2008)

Since the emergence of extensive multimedia data, feature fusion has been more and more important for image and video retrieval, indexing and annotation. Existing feature fusion techniques simply concatenate a pair of different features or use canonical correlation analysis based methods for joint dimensionality reduction in the feature space. However, how to fuse multiple features in a generalized way is still an open problem. In this paper, we reformulate the multiple feature fusion as a general subspace learning problem. The objective of the framework is to find a general linear subspace in which the cumulative pairwise canonical correlation between every pair of feature sets is maximized after the dimension normalization and subspace projection. The learned subspace couples dimensionality reduction and feature fusion together, which can be applied to both unsupervised and supervised learning cases. In the supervised case, the pairwise canonical correlations of feature sets within the same classes are also counted in the objective function for maximization. To better model the high-order feature structure and overcome the computational difficulty, the features extracted from the same pattern source are represented by a single 2D tensor. The tensor-based dimensionality reduction methods are used to further extract low-dimensional discriminative features from the fused feature ensemble. Extensive experiments on visual data classification demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methods.
Pathfinder: multiresolution region-based searching of pathology images using IRM. (2000)

The fast growth of digitized pathology slides has created great challenges in research on image database retrieval. The prevalent retrieval technique involves human-supplied text annotations to describe slide contents. These pathology images typically have very high resolution, making it difficult to search based on image content. In this paper, we present Pathfinder, an efficient multiresolution region-based searching system for high-resolution pathology image libraries. The system uses wavelets and the IRM (Integrated Region Matching) distance. Experiments with a database of 70,000 pathology image fragments have demonstrated high retrieval accuracy and high speed. The algorithm can be combined with our previously developed wavelet-based progressive pathology image transmission and browsing algorithm and is expandable for medical image databases.
Stereoisomerism of penicillin sulfoxides (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoisomerism of penicillin sulfoxidesDerek H. R. Barton, F. Comer, and Peter G. SammesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 6, 1529–1530Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01034a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01034a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heavy metals and nutrients in sediments of lake Balaton, Hungary (1981)

Abstract Surface sediments of Lake Balaton still exhibit low heavy metal concentrations which ‐ with the exception of Pb, Cd and Zn ‐ do not exceed “average shale”; values. A low level of industrialization in the catchment area and a dilution of riverine suspended material by carbonates precipitated within the lake are responsible for the observed distribution pattern.
Trifolitoxin Production Increases Nodulation Competitiveness of <i>Rhizobium etli</i> CE3 under Agricultural Conditions (1998)

A major barrier to the use of nitrogen-fixing inoculum strains for the enhancement of legume productivity is the inability of commercially available strains to compete with indigenous rhizobia for nodule formation. Despite extensive research on nodulation competitiveness, there are no examples of field efficacy studies of strains that have been genetically improved for nodulation competitiveness. We have shown previously that production of the peptide antibiotic trifolitoxin (TFX) by Rhizobium etli results in significantly increased nodule occupancy values in nonsterile soil in growth chamber experiments (E. A. Robleto, A. J. Scupham, and E. W. Triplett, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10:228-233, 1997). To determine whether TFX production by Rhizobium etli increases nodulation competitiveness in field-grown plants, seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris were inoculated with mixtures of Rhizobium etli strains at different ratios. The three nearly isogenic inoculum strains used included TFX-producing and non-TFX-producing strains, as well as a TFX-sensitive reference strain. Data was obtained over 2 years for nodule occupancy and over 3 years for assessment of the effect of the TFX production phenotype on grain yield. In comparable mixtures in which the test strain accounted for between 5 and 50% of the inoculum, the TFX-producing strain exhibited at least 20% greater nodule occupancy than the non-TFX-producing strain in both years. The TFX production phenotype had no effect on grain yield over 3 years; the average yields reached 2,400 kg/ha. These results show that addition of the TFX production phenotype significantly increases nodule occupancy under field conditions without adverse effects on grain yield. As we used common inoculation methods in this work, there are no practical barriers to the commercial adoption of the TFX system for agriculture.
Road traffic monitoring using image processing (1990)

A method is described which provides data on traffic congestion over a length of roadway using inexpensive image processing and computing hardware. It provides distinct advantages over more conventional methods since data is collected over a region rather than a point in the road network. Furthermore, the state of the network can be deduced within a time scale comparable to the period with which congestion occurs on a busy road after an incident has occurred. Action can be taken on information acquired directly from the scene and not inferred from statistics built up over a period of minutes. Further work is required to take account of minor perspective distortion effects, which can cause false alarms when single vehicles occupy the distant end of the window. A measure of the amount of traffic in the window will also be needed to enable comparison with other regions of the network. Night time scenes have not been included in the test program. >
The Field Emitter: Fabrication, Electron Microscopy, and Electric Field Calculations (1953)

When a specially designed field cathode assembly was inserted in a commercial electron microscope which was appropriately modified for the purpose, the geometry of the needle shaped emitter was obtained from micrographs of several of its profiles at various stages of emitter fabrication and experimental use. An investigation of several methods of fabrication revealed that a smooth, simple, and relatively stable tungsten emitter geometry resulted from a refinement of the methods of Benjamin and Jenkins which combines the electrolytic etch and the smoothing action of surface migration. The electric field at any point on an emitter surface was calculated when the emitter geometry was precisely fitted with one equipotential surface from the family surrounding a charged, isolated sphere-on-orthogonal-cone. A theoretical surface distribution of current density for a typical emitter was derived from the calculated field distribution and the wave-mechanical field emission theory. From this result was calculated a value of the emitting area which was in good agreement with experiment.
An adaptive wrapper algorithm for file transfer applications to support optimal large file transfers (2009)

The overall file transmission time between peer machines is affected by network conditions, file dispatching and retrieval systems, error detection and the processing capabilities of the peers. Improving the network condition or the peers' processing capabilities for speedup will incur higher cost. We introduce a Wrapper Algorithm for the dispatching and retrieval systems at the peers. The algorithm performs file compression-decompression, file split-merge and file chunk scheduling processes to speedup the file transfer time of large files. The Wrapper Algorithm is wrapped around RSYNC and the results reveal an overall reduction of file transfer time of up to 66%.