gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases by<i>Brucella</i>spp. Expressing a Smooth and Rough Phenotype: Relationship to Pathogen Invasiveness (2005)

By comparing smooth wild-type Brucella spp. to their rough mutants, we show that the LPS O chain restricted the activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, thus preventing the synthesis of immune mediators that regulate host defense. We conclude that the MAPKs are a target for immune intervention by virulent smooth Brucella.
Hydrodynamic Interaction among Multiple Floating Cylinders in Both Waves and Slow Current (1993)

The problem of interaction among multiple floating cylinders which are fixed in waves and current is considered. The current velocity is assumed small. The problem is linearized based on a small parameter τ= ωU/g. Problems of different orders are solved for single cylinder to determine the diffraction property of the cylinder, which gives the relationship between the incident wave amplitude and the diffracted wave amplitude. The resuls are then applied to the problems of multiple cylinders. The interaction among cylinders is represented by some additional incident waves emitted from the other cylinders towards the one under consideration. Different from the previous work in which only the cylinders mounted to the sea bottom are considered, the evanescent wave modes are included in the present work when this method is applied to the floating cylinders. After solving the velocity potential near each cylinder, the hydrodynamic forces can be calculated by integrating the pressure along the wetted surface of each cylinder. It turns out that current and steady potential have a strong effect on the wave-drifting force. The present work also gives a way to evaluate the wave-drifting damping which plays an important role in the slow drift oscillation of moored ocean structures.
Diabetes induces apoptosis in lymphocytes (2004)

The occurrence of DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes obtained from alloxan-induced diabetic rats and diabetic patients was investigated. A high proportion of apoptotic lymphocytes in diabetic states may explain the impaired immune function in poorly controlled diabetic patients. Rat mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes were analysed for DNA fragmentation by using flow cytometry and agarose gel, and for chromatin condensation by Hoescht 33342 staining under different situations. Immediately after being obtained, the proportion of lymphocytes with fragmented DNA was twofold higher in alloxan-induced diabetic rats than in cells from control rats. After 48 h in culture, the occurrence of DNA fragmentation was also higher (81%) in cells from diabetic rats. Hoescht staining and fragmented DNA visualized in agarose gel were also higher in lymphocytes from alloxan-induced diabetic rats than in control cells. To investigate if this phenomenon also occurs in humans, blood lymphocytes from 14 diabetic subjects were examined. Similar results to those of rat lymphocytes were found in cells from diabetic patients immediately after being obtained and after 48 h in culture. The high occurrence of apoptosis in lymphocytes was accompanied by a reduced number of blood-circulating lymphocytes in diabetic patients. The involvement of low insulinaemia for the occurrence of apoptosis in lymphocytes was also examined. Insulin treatment markedly reduced the proportion of lymphocytes with fragmented DNA in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Localization of sequences that influence basal and cell type-specific activity of the murine mdr2 promoter. (1996)

The mdr2 gene is highly expressed in liver and is involved in the translocation of phospholipid. To study the regulation of mdr2 expression, the promoter of the mdr2 gene has been isolated from a murine vinblastine-resistant cell line, J7.V2-1, and characterized. The 5' flanking region of this gene is GC-rich, has multiple transcription initiation sites as mapped by primer extension, and does not contain either TATA or CCAAT boxes. To test promoter activity, a 1.9-kb (-1867 to +37) DNA fragment was cloned in front of the luciferase reporter gene and transient transfection assays were done in a variety of cell lines. The promoter-luciferase construct displayed a 20- to 120-fold increase in activity compared to the promoterless vector. 5' and 3' deletion analysis using transient transfections revealed two major regulatory regions in the promoter, one located upstream and one situated downstream of the transcription start sites. The upstream region may be involved in basal expression and the downstream sequence may be involved in cell type-specific expression of the mdr2 gene. Gel mobility shift and DNA footprinting assays have identified a 29-bp sequence (-78 to -50) to which nuclear protein binds. Methylation interference analysis using this fragment has further determined that CTGGCAGCTCGCCC, within the 29-mer, contains the core sequence with which nuclear protein directly interacts. Mutation of the core sequence reduced basal promoter activity, indicating that it is involved in the basal expression of the mdr2 gene. Mutagenesis studies also suggested that the upstream and downstream sequences act independently in regulation of cell type-specific mdr2 expression.
Completion of the La crosse virus genome sequence and geneticcomparisons of the L proteins of the Bunyaviridae (1995)

La Crosse virus is a member of the Bunyavirus genus in the family Bunyaviridae, viruses with trisegmented RNA genomes of mostly negative polarity composed of large (L), medium (M), and small (S) segments. The sequences of the La Crosse/ original M and S RNA segments have been previously characterized. Using reverse transcriptase in conjunction with PCR amplification, we have obtained the nucleotide sequence of the L RNA segment, which encodes the viral polymerase in a single large open reading frame. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the LAC L protein with the sequence of other polymerases from members of the Bunyaviridae, demonstrated the presence of several conserved motifs, some of which are characteristic of many polymerase proteins. A genetic tree comparing the available polymerase proteins of the Bunyaviridae provides insights into the phylogenetic relationships within this large family. Members of the genus Bunyavirus, which are mosquito-borne and infect mammals, have a closer relationship to the plant viruses represented by tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus genus) than to viruses of other genera in the family Bunyaviridae.
Probing promise versus performance in longer read fungal metabarcoding (2018)

This article is a Commentary on Tedersoo et al., 217 : 1370–1385.
The effect of the peroxide concentration and other factors on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by catalase (1949)

Research Article| January 01 1949 The effect of the peroxide concentration and other factors on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by catalase P. George P. George 1Molteno Institute, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1949) 44 (2): 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0440197 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P. George; The effect of the peroxide concentration and other factors on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. Biochem J 1 January 1949; 44 (2): 197–205. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0440197 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1949 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1949 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
[Study of primary open-angle glaucoma at the Institute of Tropical African Ophthalmology, Mali]. (2017)

POAG, primarily characterised by previous medical conditions, namely hypertension and familial history of glaucoma, can lead to blindness if screening is delayed or if the treatment is badly delivered. Hence, the importance of prevention through screening and informing the population about the disease is necessary.
FRS2α attenuates FGF receptor signaling by Grb2- mediated recruitment of the ubiquitin ligase Cbl (2002)

Attenuation of growth factor signaling is essential for the regulation of developmental processes and tissue homeostasis in most organisms. The product of Cbl protooncogene is one such regulator, which functions as an ubiquitin ligase that ubiquitinates and promotes the degradation of a variety of cell signaling proteins. Here, we demonstrate that Grb2 bound to tyrosine-phosphorylated FRS2 alpha forms a ternary complex with Cbl by means of its Src homology 3 domains resulting in the ubiquitination of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor and FRS2 alpha in response to FGF stimulation. These observations highlight the importance of FRS2 alpha in the assembly of both positive (i.e., Sos, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) and negative (i.e., Cbl) signaling proteins to mediate a balanced FGF signal transduction. However, the partial inhibition of FGF receptor down-regulation in FRS2 alpha-/- cells indicates that the attenuation of signaling by FGF receptor is regulated by redundant or multiple mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Convenient One‐Pot Synthesis of Phosphoramidates and Phosphates. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spectroscopy, Imaging, and Modeling of Individual Gold Decahedra (2009)

Gold nanodecahedra (pentagonal bipyramids) exhibit striking optical properties spanning the visible and near-IR spectral regions, which together with a high electric-field enhancement at their tips, makes them very promising materials for sensing-related applications. The effective design of biosensors based on these nanocrystals requires a detailed investigation and understanding of their surface plasmon resonances. For that purpose, we have used correlated electron microscopy imaging and optical dark-field spectroscopy on individual decahedra to investigate their size and orientation-dependent optical properties at the single particle level. We have also investigated the effects of tip truncation and local refractive index changes on single particle plasmon resonances. The experimental results are supported by theoretical modeling based on a fully 3D, boundary element method (BEM-3D).
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase attenuates ischemic renal injury in rats (2000)

The enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), effects repair of DNA after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury to cells in nerve and muscle tissue. However, its activation in severely damaged cells can lead to ATP depletion and death. We show that PARP expression is enhanced in damaged renal proximal tubules beginning at 6-12 h after I/R injury. Intraperitoneal administration of PARP inhibitors, benzamide or 3-amino benzamide, after I/R injury accelerates the recovery of normal renal function, as assessed by monitoring the levels of plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen during 6 days postischemia. PARP inhibition leads to increased cell proliferation at 1 day postinjury as assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen and improves the histopathological appearance of kidneys examined at 7 days postinjury. Furthermore, inhibition of PARP increases levels of ATP measured at 24 h postischemia compared with those in vehicle-treated animals. Our data indicate that PARP activation is a part of the cascade of molecular events that occurs after I/R injury in the kidney. Although caution is advised, transient inhibition of PARP postischemia may constitute a novel therapy for acute renal failure.
Anti-hypertensive effect of low Na connection (120 mEq/l) solution for CAPD patients. (1994)

In patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), transperitoneal sodium (Na) flux plays a crucial role in the control of blood pressure (BP), as it determines the net Na balance of the patient. However, with the conventional solution, Na removal into the effluent greatly depends on the drained ultrafiltration (UF) volume, and this can hinder the success of adequate Na removal in some patients. Therefore, we developed a low Na concentration solution to increase Na removal through diffusion force, and studied the clinical effect of this solution in patients with Na overload. The composition of the low Na solution is as follows: Na: 120 mEq/l, Ca: 3.5 mEq/l, Mg: 0.5 mEq/l, Cl: 84 mEq/l, lactate: 40 mEq/l, glucose (G) and osmolality: 1.36% (322 mOsm/l) and 2.27% (372 mOsm/l), vol: 2 l. Nine patients (age: 43 +/- 2 yr, oral Na intake: 3.4 +/- 0.3 g/day, mean arterial pressure: 123 +/- 6 mmHg, drained UF volume: 918 +/- 187 ml/day; mean +/- SEM) were studied. Compared to the conventional solution (Na: 132 mEq/l), Na removal using the low Na solution (4 h dwell) was increased from -7.8 +/- 8.7 to -2.3 +/- 5.7 mEq in 1.36% G solution, and from 25.3 +/- 3.1 to 35.4 +/- 4.7 mEq (p < 0.05) in 2.26% G solution. Patients were switched from the conventional solution to the low Na solution, exchanging four times daily for up to 4 weeks. Two patients discontinued low Na solution before the study ended, due to overhydration and hyponatremia, the remaining seven cases showed no adverse symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Survival analysis using SAS: a practical guide (1995)

Biomedical and social science researchers who want to analyze survival data with SAS will find just what they need with this easy-to-read and comprehensive guide. Written for the reader with a modest statistical background and minimal knowledge of SAS software, this book teaches many aspects of data input and manipulation. Numerous examples of SAS code and output make this an eminently practical resource, ensuring that even the uninitiated becomes a sophisticated user of survival analysis. The main topics presented include censoring, survival curves, Kaplan-Meier estimation, accelerated failure time models, Cox regression models, and discrete-time analysis. Also included are topics not usually covered, such as time-dependent covariates, competing risks, and repeated events.
An approach to agent-based service composition and its application to mobile business processes (2003)

This paper describes an architecture model for multiagent systems that was developed in the European project LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Agent Platform). Its main feature is a set of generic services that are implemented independently of the agents and can be installed into the agents by the application developer in a flexible way. Moreover, two applications using this architecture model are described that were also developed within the LEAP project. The application domain is the support of mobile, virtual teams for the German automobile club ADAC and for British Telecommunications.
Cancer of the breast: Size of neoplasm and prognosis (1969)

In this study we utilized information obtained from more than 2000 operable breast cancer patients who had been entered since 1957 into the National Breast Project by 45 institutions. The purpose was to further evaluate the concept that the size of breast neoplasms influences patient prognosis. Only 5% of patients had tumors smaller than 1.0 cm, 48% were larger than 2.9 cm, and 28% exceeded 4.0 cm. The findings, when compared with those previously reported by others, suggest that little progress has been made since about 1950 relative to the removal of smaller breast tumors. Since these data are probably more nearly representative of the size of breast tumors at surgery in this country during the past decade than most other data that are available, they provide a baseline for the evaluation of the worth of a variety of recently employed and proposed diagnostic procedures. Results obtained categorically agree with current thinking that the larger the tumor the more likely that axillary nodes will be positive, that 4 or more rather than 1-3 nodes will be involved, and tumor recurrence and mortality rates will be greater. Such an unqualified statement, however, is an oversimplification of the findings, provides no indication of the magnitude of recurrence and mortality differences to be anticipated from tumors of various sizes, and should be accepted only with reservation. It is speculated, as a result of the data presented and certain assumptions, that if all tumors 2.0 cm or larger (70% of the total) had been removed when they were 1.0-1.9 cm in size, at the end of 5 years the recurrence rate for all patients entered might have only decreased by 10-18%, and the overall survival might have increased 11-20%. From certain considerations and the results obtained, it is concluded that size may not necessarily relate to "earliness" or "lateness" of a tumor, nor is it as consequential to the fate of the patient as are other factors relative to the tumor and /or host that may be present from its inception and which determine the development of metastases. Such a conclusion does not deprecate effort toward earlier diagnosis and tumor removal. It does emphasize, however, that the reasons for such an endeavor may be different from those generally considered at present.
Acetylenic esters. Preparation and mechanism of formation of alkynyl tosylates and mesylates via tricoordinate iodonium species (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcetylenic esters. Preparation and mechanism of formation of alkynyl tosylates and mesylates via tricoordinate iodonium speciesPeter J. Stang, Bruce W. Surber, Zhen Chu Chen, Kenneth A. Roberts, and Albert G. AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 1, 228–235Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00235a034RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1785Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (945 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Gas Injection-Enhanced Air Gap Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination (2022)

Gas–liquid two-phase flow enhanced air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) was investigated experimentally and numerically for water desalination. A carbon molecular sieve tube was used as the separation membrane, and nitrogen gas was selected as the injection gas. A computational fluid dynamic simulation was carried out numerically to re-emerge the AGMD with gas injection using the FLUENT software based on the volume of the fluid model. Experimental results showed that the flow pattern was the bubble flow, plug flow, slug flow, churn flow, and annular flow in sequence as the gas holdup increased. The gas injection-enhanced AGMD can significantly increase the freshwater permeate flux with the maximum of 4.7 times the value without enhancement at the churn flow. Simulation results showed good agreement with the experimentally measured flow patterns and permeate fluxes. The gas–liquid two-phase flow can promote the liquid disturbance within the membrane tube and enhance the momentum, heat, and mass transfer processes of AGMD. The gas injection enhanced the average wall shear stress, Nusselt number, temperature polarization coefficient, and mass transfer coefficient were all greater than those without gas injection. The concentration polarization coefficient with gas injection was smaller than that without gas injection. Nusselt number and mass transfer coefficient correlations were obtained based on the heat convection theory and the Knudsen-molecular diffusion mechanism. The conclusion drawn in this work provides guidance for the gas–liquid two-phase flow enhancement of membrane distillation.
Spotting Spurious Data with Neural Networks (2018)

Hadi Amiri, Timothy Miller, Guergana Savova. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long Papers). 2018.
Service-Oriented Sensor-Actuator Networks (2007)

In this dissertation, we propose service-oriented sensor-actuator networks (SOSANETs) as a new paradigm for building the next generation of customizable, open, interoperable sensor-actuator networks. In SOSANETs, nodes expose their capabilities to applications in the form of service profiles. A node's service profile consists of a set of services (i.e., sensing and actuation capabilities) that it provides and the quality of service (QoS) parameters associated with those services (delay, accuracy, freshness, etc.). SOSANETs provide the benefits of both application-specific SANETs and generic SANETs. We first define a query model and an architecture for SOSANETs. The proposed query model offers a simple, uniform query interface whereby applications specify sensing and actuation queries independently from any specific deployment of the underlying SOSANET. We then present μRACER (Reliable Adaptive serviCe-driven Efficient Routing), a routing protocol suite for SOSANETs. μRACER consists of three routing protocols, namely, SARP (Service-Aware Routing Protocol), CARP (Context-Aware Routing Protocol), and TARP (Trust-Aware Routing Protocol). SARP uses an efficient service-aware routing approach that aggressively reduces downstream traffic by translating service profiles into efficient paths. CARP supports QoS by dynamically adapting each node's routing behavior and service profile according to the current context of that node, i.e. number of pending queries and number and type of messages to be routed. Finally, TARP achieves high end-to-end reliability through a scalable reputation-based approach in which each node is able to locally estimate the next hop of the most reliable path to the sink. We also propose query optimization techniques that contribute to the efficient execution of queries in SOSANETs. To evaluate the proposed service-oriented architecture, we implemented TinySOA, a prototype SOSANET built on top of TinyOS with uRACER as its routing mechansim. TinySOA is designed as a set of layers with a loose interaction model that enables several cross-layer optimization options. We conducted an evaluation of TinySOA that included a comparison with TinyDB. The obtained empirical results show that TinySOA achieves significant improvements on many aspects including energy consumption, scalability, reliability and response time.