gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potential Liability under the Illinois Electronic Commerce Security Act: Is It a Risk Worth Taking?, 17 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 909 (1999) (1999)

This Comment argues that the potential liability of digital signatures under the Act is too great and, therefore, is not an effective mode of communication. Part II of this Comment explains the purpose, the significance, and the traditional role of the handwritten signature. Furthermore, Part II establishes the basics of the digital signature process as it relates to each participant. The participants in a digital signature process consist of a subscriber, a recipient, and a certification authority. Part III of this Comment analyzes and argues why the use of digital signatures, under the Act, is too great of a liability for the participants to be considered an effective mode of communication. Next, Part III argues why potential digital signature participants, because of the overwhelming liability imposed by the Act, must continue to use the notarization process until the Act is properly amended. Finally, Part III proposes amendments to the Act as well as suggests defensive tactics for the subscriber. Part IV of this Comment concludes with the assertion that the Act creates too great of a liability for digital signature participants, and that digital signatures must not be used as a mode of creating binding agreements until the Act is properly amended.
MicroRNA-146a expresses in interleukin-17 producing T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients (2010)

These results indicated that miR-146a was associated with IL-17 expression in the PBMC and synovium in RA patients. There is the possibility that miR-146a participates in the IL-17 expression.
Rituximab therapy leads to rapid decline of serum IgG4 levels and prompt clinical improvement in IgG4‐related systemic disease (2010)

Treatment with rituximab led to prompt clinical and serologic improvement in these patients with refractory IgG4-RSD, and is a viable treatment option for this condition. The decline in serum IgG4 concentrations was substantially steeper than that of the autoantibody concentrations in immune-mediated conditions in which rituximab is effective, such as in rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the reduction in IgG-subclass levels appeared to be specific for IgG4. The swift improvement of IgG4-RSD suggests that rituximab achieves its effects in IgG4-RSD by depleting the pool of B lymphocytes that replenish short-lived IgG4-secreting plasma cells.
Uniforms and Nonuniforms: Communication Through Clothing. (1988)

Clothing serves as a system of signs that helps to order social interaction by identifying and locating individuals and groups within society. In the first in-depth study to analyze the communicative character of uniforms and other types of clothing, Nathan Joseph examines how clothing functions in a variety of social contexts to enforce norms, maintain institutional power, identify group membership, and express or suppress individuality.
Growth factors mediate glucocorticoid receptor function and dexamethasone-induced regression of osteoblastic lesions in hormone refractory prostate cancer. (1997)

We investigated the ability of important regulators of osteoblast function, such as insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) to act as mediators in cell-cell interactions between osteoblast-like cells and metastatic prostate cancer cells, in vitro. In addition, we assessed whether these growth substances can (a) mediate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function and (b) be implicated in dexamethasone-induced regression of osteoblastic tumors. Exogenous IGF-I, rat/human uPA, and PA-III (rat)/PC-3 (human) prostate cancer cells conditioned media (CM) stimulated the proliferation of rat (UMR 106 cells) and human (MG-63 cells) osteosarcoma cells. This mitogenic activity was completely neutralized by anti-IGF-I specific antibody. In addition, dexamethasone decreased cell growth, up regulated TGF beta 1 mRNA, and down regulated uPA mRNA expression in prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, it inhibited cell growth by activating latent-TGF beta 1 in osteoblast-like cells. In addition, dexamethasone down regulated the expression of IGF-I mRNA in osteoblast-like cells. Therefore, it is conceivable that uPA, TGF beta 1 and IGF-I mediate at least in part cell-cell interactions and GR function in osteoblastic metastases. Conceivably, regression of the osteoblastic tumors produced by high-dose dexamethasone treatment in hormone-refractory prostate cancer patients is been mediated by differential regulation of growth factors, locally.
Visualizing references to off-screen content on mobile devices: A comparison of Arrows, Wedge, and Overview+Detail (2011)

When navigating large information spaces on mobile devices, the small size of the display often causes relevant content to shift off-screen, greatly increasing the difficulty of spatial tasks such as planning routes or finding points of interest on a map. Two possible approaches to mitigate the problem are Contextual Cues, i.e. visualizing abstract shapes in the border region of the view area to function as visual references to off-screen objects of interest, and Overview + Detail, i.e., simultaneously displaying a detail view and a small-scale overview of the information space. In this paper, we compare the effectiveness of two different Contextual Cues techniques, Wedge (Gustafson et al., 2008) and Scaled Arrows (Burigat et al., 2006), and a classical Overview + Detail visualization that highlights the location of objects of interest in the overview. The study involved different spatial tasks and investigated the scalability of the considered visualizations, testing them with two different numbers of off-screen objects. Results were multifaceted. With simple spatial tasks, no differences emerged among the visualizations. With more complex spatial tasks, Wedge had advantages when the task required to order off-screen objects with respect to their distance from the display window, while Overview + Detail was the best solution when users needed to find those off-screen objects that were closest to each other. Finally, we found that even a small increase in the number of off-screen objects negatively affected user performance in terms of accuracy, especially in the case of Scaled Arrows, while it had a negligible effect in terms of task completion times
The Repository of Last Resort? Three-Dimensional Objects in Archives (2019)

This study documents issues involved in the collection, use, cataloging, and storage of three-dimensional objects in archives. It presents the results of in-person interviews conducted with five college and university archivists regarding the issues of objects in archives. Little has been written regarding collecting and managing objects in archives. This study summarizes the available literature on the topic and addresses some of the differences between museum practice and archival practice. The study finds that three-dimensional objects have value as objects for display but often have little other value to researchers in archives. If the acquisition of objects reflects the mission of the archives and adheres to a collection policy, the objects are more likely to have research value beyond their use in displays.
A Novel Group of Oleosins Is Present Inside the Pollen ofArabidopsis (2002)

In plants, subcellular triacylglycerol granules in seeds (oil bodies) and floral tapetum (tapetosomes) are stabilized by amphipathic structural protein called oleosin. We hereby report a novel group of oleosins that is present inside the pollen of Arabidopsis thaliana. We have used the conserved sequence of oleosins to locate, via the DNA database, all 16 oleosin genes in the Arabidopsis genome. The oleosin genes can be divided into three groups according to their sequences and tissue-specific expressions, as probed by RNA blot hybridization and reverse transcriptase-PCR. The first group includes eight genes specifically expressed in the floret tapetum. The second group includes five genes specifically expressed in maturing seeds. The third, novel group includes three genes expressed in both maturing seeds and floral microspores, which will become pollen. Transgenic study using the promoter of one of these genes attached to a reporter gene has provided corroborative evidence for the specific expression of the gene in the microspores in the florets. One of the pollen oleosins can be identified by microsequencing and specific immunoblotting. Pollen oleosins synthesized by recombinant bacteria can collaborate with phospholipids in stabilizing reconstituted oil bodies. Thus, pollen has oleosins to stabilize the abundant subcellular oil bodies. Seed oil bodies and floret tapetosomes have been isolated from the miniature Arabidopsis plants, and the success indicates that the organelles can be subjected to future biochemical and genetic studies.
An Efficient Motion Vector Composition Scheme for Arbitrary Frame Down-Sampling Video Transcoder (2006)

A new motion vector composition scheme, which we call spatial dominant vector selection (SDVS), for arbitrary down-sampling of precoded video using cascaded pixel domain transcoder is presented. The SDVS uses the existing relationship between pixels of a frame and its reference frame(s) via motion vectors and selects a dominant motion vector from a set of candidate vectors to minimize prediction errors. Compared with the existing methods, experimental results show performance gain, in terms of both quality and bit rate, with reduced computation. We also propose a refinement method that adaptively adjusts the search range to further improve the performance at marginal cost
Nanoparticle Size Influences Antigen Retention and Presentation in Lymph Node Follicles for Humoral Immunity (2019)

Lymph node follicles capture and retain antigens to induce germinal centers and long-lived humoral immunity. However, control over antigen retention has been limited. Here we discovered that antigen conjugated to nanoparticle carriers of different sizes impacts the intralymph node transport and specific cell interaction. We found that follicular dendritic cell (FDC) networks determine the intralymph node follicle fate of these nanoparticles by clearing smaller ones (5-15 nm) within 48 h and retaining larger ones (50-100 nm) for over 5 weeks. The 50-100 nm-sized nanoparticles had 175-fold more delivery of antigen at the FDC dendrites, 5-fold enhanced humoral immune responses of germinal center B cell formation, and 5-fold more antigen-specific antibody production over 5-15 nm nanoparticles. Our results show that we can tune humoral immunity by simply manipulating the carrier size design to produce effectiveness of vaccines.
Seven-Point Checklist and Skin Lesion Classification Using Multitask Multimodal Neural Nets (2018)

We propose a multi-task deep convolutional neural network, trained on multi-modal data (clinical and dermoscopic images, and patient meta-data), to classify the 7-point melanoma checklist criteria and perform skin lesion diagnosis. Our neural network is trained using several multi-task loss functions, where each loss considers different combinations of the input modalities, which allows our model to be robust to missing data at inference time. Our final model classifies the 7-point checklist and skin condition diagnosis, produces multi-modal feature vectors suitable for image retrieval, and localizes clinically discriminant regions. We benchmark our approach using 1011 lesion cases, and report comprehensive results over all 7-point criteria and diagnosis. We also make our dataset (images and metadata) publicly available online at http://derm.cs.sfu.ca.
PROSTATE CANCER-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL FOLLOWING SALVAGE RADIOTHERAPY VS. OBSERVATION IN MEN WITH BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008PROSTATE CANCER-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL FOLLOWING SALVAGE RADIOTHERAPY VS. OBSERVATION IN MEN WITH BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY Bruce J Trock, Misop Han, Stephen J Freedland, Elizabeth B Humphreys, Theodore L DeWeese, Alan W Partin, and Patrick C Walsh Bruce J TrockBruce J Trock More articles by this author , Misop HanMisop Han More articles by this author , Stephen J FreedlandStephen J Freedland More articles by this author , Elizabeth B HumphreysElizabeth B Humphreys More articles by this author , Theodore L DeWeeseTheodore L DeWeese More articles by this author , Alan W PartinAlan W Partin More articles by this author , and Patrick C WalshPatrick C Walsh More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)61447-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "PROSTATE CANCER-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL FOLLOWING SALVAGE RADIOTHERAPY VS. OBSERVATION IN MEN WITH BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), pp. 491–492 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 491-492 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Bruce J Trock More articles by this author Misop Han More articles by this author Stephen J Freedland More articles by this author Elizabeth B Humphreys More articles by this author Theodore L DeWeese More articles by this author Alan W Partin More articles by this author Patrick C Walsh More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Mechanochemical synthesis of pnictide compounds and superconducting Ba<sub>0.6</sub>K<sub>0.4</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>As<sub>2</sub>bulks with high critical current density (2013)

BaFe2As2 (Ba-122) and (Ba0.6K0.4)Fe2As2 (K-doped Ba-122) powders were successfully synthesized from the elements using a reaction method, which incorporates a mechanochemical reaction using high-impact ball milling. Mechanically-activated, self-sustaining reactions (MSR) were observed while milling the elements together to form these compounds. After the MSR, the Ba-122 phase had formed, the powder had an average grain size < 1 {\mu}m, and the material was effectively mixed. X-ray diffraction confirmed Ba-122 was the primary phase present after milling. Heat treatment of the K-doped MSR powder at high temperature and pressure yielded dense samples with high phase purity but only granular current flow could be visualized by magneto optical imaging. In contrast, a short, low temperature, heat treatment at ambient pressure resulted in global current flow throughout the bulk sample even though the density was lower and impurity phases were more prevalent. An optimized heat treatment involving a two-step, low temperature, heat treatment of the MSR powder produced bulk material with very high critical current density above 0.1 MAcm-2 (4.2 K, 0 T).
Distinct Neuropeptide-Receptor Modules Regulate a Sex-Specific Behavioral Response to a Pheromone (2020)

Abstract Dioecious species are a hallmark of the animal kingdom, with opposing sexes responding differently to identical sensory cues. Here, we study the response of C. elegans’ to the small-molecule pheromone, ascr#8, which elicits opposing behavioral valences in each sex. We identify a novel neuropeptide-neuropeptide receptor (NP/NPR) module that is active in males, but not in hermaphrodites. Using a novel paradigm of neuropeptide rescue that we established, we leverage bacterial expression of individual peptides to rescue the sex-specific response to ascr#8. Concurrent biochemical studies confirmed individual FLP-3 peptides differentially activate two divergent receptors, NPR-10 and FRPR-16. Interestingly, the two of the peptides that rescued behavior in our feeding paradigm are related through a conserved threonine, suggesting that a specific NP/NPR combination sets a male state, driving the correct behavioral valence of the ascr#8 response. Receptor expression within pre-motor neurons reveals novel coordination of male-specific and core locomotory circuitries.
PDLA a potential new potent topical analgesic: a case report (2014)

Polymer D-lactic acid (PDLA) is a hydrogel that has been shown to sequester L-lactate (lactate). This reaction is rapid, spontaneous, and non-enzymatic. Lactate has been shown to have many functions within the nervous system including its use as a secondary fuel to sustain neural activity and as a neuromodulator. In the central nervous system, lactate is produced in glial cells and shuttled to neurons to be used mostly as a fuel. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)1 is the predominant LDH isoform within neurons and unlike LDH5, it preferentially converts lactate to pyruvate which can be used to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Considering that lactate is intimately involved in the sustenance of neural activity, PDLA was applied to an open wound and its effects were examined. The results showed that the application of PDLA induced topical analgesia. This may be the first report to demonstrate that sequestering lactate, a source of energy required to sustain the firing of action potentials in neurons, may produce analgesia.
Language style matching in psychotherapy: An implicit aspect of alliance. (2020)

In an attempt to operationalize an implicit aspect of the therapeutic alliance, this article proposes the use of the innovative, objective, and time-efficient analysis of language style matching (LSM; Niederhoffer & Pennebaker, 2002). LSM, defined as the degree of similarity in rates of function words in dyadic interactions, is thought to reflect the extent to which conversational partners are automatically coordinating language styles to achieve a common goal. Although LSM has often been researched in the context of everyday conversations, little is known about the matching of clients and therapists' language style in the psychotherapy process. To demonstrate the clinical usefulness of the LSM approach in psychotherapy, 2 exploratory examples of the application of LSM in long-term psychoanalytic treatments are provided. First, LSM analyses per session and per speaking-turn are described for psychotherapy data of 140 sessions of 7 long-term psychoanalytic treatments in relation to outcome measures. Then, a case study is described in which LSM is triangulated with an observer-rated measure of working alliance in relation to outcome measures. These 2 demonstrative empirical examples were explorative in character and illustrate how LSM might tap into an implicit aspect of the therapeutic relationship, different from the working alliance measured by observers, and relevant for treatment outcome. Future larger-scale psychotherapy studies into the relationship between these implicit aspects of the alliance and treatment outcome and relevant clients and therapists' variables are warranted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Critique of Microcredit as a Development Model (2012)

The field of microcredit (otherwise known as microfinance, microlending, or microcapital) has expanded rapidly since the 1980s as an economic means of lifting people out of poverty. Generally, microcredit has been accepted as an effective method for empowering both individuals and communities. In recent years, however, critics have brought to light some of the problems associated with microlending, such as the complex socioeconomic factors that can cause loan programs to fail. These problems stem from the basic tenet of microfinance: the need for lending programs to be managed locally in order to understand the needs of a community and assess the sustainability of each project. Lending programs vary a great deal around the world due to cultural differences, and the success of each must be evaluated in a geographic context. The industry of microfinance cannot be standardized due to these vitally important differences, and there are few organizations which have the ability to watch over the practices of individual lenders. As a result, microfinance institutions are largely free to practice autonomously; this independence is vital to the success of each project but also creates a void of authority.
Cytotoxic effects of interferon in vitro on granulocytic progenitor cells. (1977)

We have utilized in vitro marrow culture techniques to evaluate the cytotoxicity for granulocytic progenitor cells of two highly purified human leukocyte interferon preparations. Concentration- and time-related decrements in granulocytic colony-forming capacity in agar occurred with human and mouse marrow. Although mouse marrow cells were less sensitive than were human cells, these data indicate lack of strict species specificity for the cell growth-inhibitory effects of interferon. Similar cytotoxicity was noted for normal and leukemic human clonogenic cells exposed to interferon for prolonged periods. The decrease in the proportion of granulocytic progenitor cells in DNA synthesis, which occurred at high concentrations, and the diminution by interferon of the cytotoxicity caused by cytosine arabinoside demonstrate that interferon decreases DNA synthesis of granulocytic progenitor cells. The lack of enhanced cytotoxicity for rapidly proliferating mouse post-endotoxin marrow cells indicates that interferon is not a cell cycle-stage-specific drug. These data seem useful for evaluating the suppressive effects of interferon on granulopoiesis and for devising clinical trials with this agent.
Non-metal redox kinetics: hypochlorite and hypochlorous acid reactions with cyanide (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNon-metal redox kinetics: hypochlorite and hypochlorous acid reactions with cyanideCynthia M. Gerritsen and Dale W. MargerumCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 15, 2757–2762Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00340a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00340a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views615Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Shattering the Glass Maze (2014)

Template protection plays a crucial role in protecting the privacy of biometric data, by providing irreversibility and unlinkability. The Glass Maze, as presented by Trugenberger at BIOSIG 2011, is a fingerprint key binding mechanism that is claimed to provide template protection. With the correct fingerprint, the key that is entangled with the fingerprint data can be retrieved. The template protection of the Glass Maze is based on the convergence properties of a Hopfield model, a neural network. We however show how to revert the Glass Maze to recover the key, without requiring a correct fingerprint. This completely breaks the irreversibility property, and hence also unlinkability.