gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sample Preparation Device for Quantitative Hydrogen Isotope Analysis Using Chromium Metal (1996)

A new technique for the sample preparation, directly coupled to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) for D/H determination, is described. The method is suitable for the preparation of fresh and saline waters as well as different organic compounds (gaseous or liquid). One microliter of water or hydrogen equivalent is injected and reduced by means of chromium metal in a specially designed reaction furnace, and then the hydrogen gas flows directly into the IRMS to be analyzed by standard/sample comparison. The reproducibility is about 1‰. The accuracy of this method is confirmed by analysis of IAEA standard waters VSMOW, GISP, and SLAP. All aqueous samples including liquid food samples as well as methane gas were injected as original compounds and directly measured without any preparation.
Managing to Build a Career (1994)

Describes an approach to management development by undertaking an MBA programme. Examines the various programmes on offer and looks at the difficulties involved in their pursuit. Relates the author′s own experiences of pursuing an MBA and the advantages gained, both for the library and information service and on a personal level.
Effects of Food on the Longevity, Fecundity, and Development of Adult Coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (1965)

Abstract Access to drinking water increased the longevity of Coccinella trifasciata perplexa Muls. by about 35%. The water content of field-collected insects was 70% and of laboratory-fed insects 64%. Rate of loss of water increased, and longevity decreased when protein was absent from the food. Anatis mali Auct. lived more than 1000 days and Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake lived more than 400 days when fed on various synthetic foods. Seven of 13 species tested kid eggs when fed on these foods. A diet containing desiccated liver was the best non-prey food supplement for reproduction, and adults of three generations of C . maculata were kept on this food. A . mali preferred dry powdered pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), to either bean aphids. Aphis fabae Scop., or corn aphids, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), whereas C . maculata preferred corn pollen to aphids and A . pisum and R . maidis to A . fabae . Previous feeding did not affect the preference of either A . mali or C . maculata for dry aphids or pollen. C . maculata produced six eggs per mg. of food while feeding on A . pisum and four on R . maidis . Young adults ate more than older adults. The rate of food intake was highest in A . mali during the first two weeks and in C . maculata during the first eight days after emergence. The living weight and dry weight of feeding C . maculata adults increased for eight days and then did not vary, whereas the water content decreased in this period. The index of relative growth was about 0.10 mg. per day per mg. of adult weight and food efficiency was about 0.18 mg. per mg. of food.
Analysis of MADS box protein–protein interactions in living plant cells (2002)

Over the last decade, the yeast two-hybrid system has become the tool to use for the identification of protein-protein interactions and recently, even complete interactomes were elucidated by this method. Nevertheless, it is an artificial system that is sensitive to errors resulting in the identification of false-positive and false-negative interactions. In this study, plant MADS box transcription factor interactions identified by yeast two-hybrid systems where studied in living plant cells by a technique based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Petunia MADS box proteins were fused to either cyan fluorescent protein or yellow fluorescent protein and transiently expressed in protoplasts followed by FRET-spectral imaging microscopy and FRET-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy to detect FRET and hence protein-protein interactions. All petunia MADS box heterodimers identified in yeast were confirmed in protoplasts. However, in contrast to the yeast two-hybrid results, homodimerization was demonstrated in plant cells for three petunia MADS box proteins. Heterodimers were identified between the ovule-specific MADS box protein FLORAL BINDING PROTEIN 11 and members of the petunia FLORAL BINDING PROTEIN 2 subfamily, which are also expressed in ovules, suggesting that these dimers play a role in ovule development. Furthermore, the role of dimerization in translocation of MADS box protein dimers to the nucleus is demonstrated, and the nuclear localization signal of MADS box proteins has been mapped to the N-terminal region of the MADS domain by means of mutant analyses.
Probabilistic polyadic factorization and its application to personalized recommendation (2008)

Multiple-dimensional, i.e., polyadic, data exist in many applications, such as personalized recommendation and multiple-dimensional data summarization. Analyzing all the dimensions of polyadic data in a principled way is a challenging research problem. Most existing methods separately analyze the marginal relationships among pairwise dimensions and then combine the results afterwards. Motivated by the fact that various dimensions of polyadic data jointly affect each other, we propose a probabilistic polyadic factorization approach to directly model all the dimensions simultaneously in a unified framework. We then show the connection between the probabilistic polyadic factorization and a non-negative version of the Tucker tensor factorization. We provide detailed theoretical analysis of the new modeling framework, discuss implementation techniques for our models, and propose several extensions to the basic framework. We then apply the proposed models to the application of personalized recommendation. Extensive experiments on a social bookmarking dataset, Delicious, and a paper citation dataset, CiteSeer, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed models.
Amination of chiral enolates by dialkyl azodiformates. Synthesis of .alpha.-hydrazino acids and .alpha.-amino acids (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmination of chiral enolates by dialkyl azodiformates. Synthesis of .alpha.-hydrazino acids and .alpha.-amino acidsLaird A. Trimble and John C. VederasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 20, 6397–6399Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00280a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00280a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1325Altmetric-Citations209LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Person tracking with a mobile robot based on multi-modal anchoring (2003)

The ability to robustly track a person is an important prerequisite for human-robot-interaction. This paper presents a hybrid approach for integrating vision and laser range data to track a human. The legs of a person can be extracted from laser range data while skin-colored faces are detectable in camera images showing the upper body part of a person. As these algorithms provide different percepts originating from the same person, the perceptual results have to be combined. We link the percepts to their symbolic counterparts legs and face by anchoring processes as defined by Coradeschi and Saffiotti. To anchor the composite symbol person we extend the anchoring framework with a fusion module integrating the individual anchors. This allows to deal with perceptual algorithms having different spatio-temporal properties and provides a structured way for integrating anchors from multiple modalities. An example with a mobile robot tracking a person demonstrates the performance of our approach.
Dunking doughnuts into cells—selective cellular translocation and in vivo analysis of polymeric micro-doughnuts (2008)

Micron-sized polymeric "doughnuts" prepared via dispersion polymerization were found to be highly selective in their cellular translocation abilities.
The reconstruction of subsurface property maps using projection onto convex sets (2002)

Obtaining a map of the spatial distribution of some physical property of the Earth subsurface from sparse data is a fundamental problem in aquifer and petroleum reservoir characterization. This problem can be stated in terms of an inverse problem as the search for a map that satisfies certain constraints, i.e., measurements and information on the spatial statistics of the property. We present the results of numerical experiments applying the method of projection onto convex sets, or POCS, that functions both as an estimation procedure, where the objective is to obtain a unique guess of the unknown spatial distribution given some constraints, and as a simulation procedure, where the objective is to obtain a set of nonunique reconstructions that are consistent with some measurements and have given spatial statistics. Numerical experiments that use point measurements at wellbores and volume integral measurements show that incorporating data from the region of the reservoir between wellbores allows better localization of large-scale heterogeneities in the reservoir volume.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>Ab initio</i>study of the unusual thermal transport properties of boron arsenide and related materials (2013)

Recently, using a first principles approach, we predicted that zinc blende boron arsenide (BAs) will have an ultrahigh lattice thermal conductivity, \ensuremath{\kappa}, of over 2000 Wm${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$K${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at room temperature (RT), comparable to that of diamond. Here, we provide a detailed ab initio examination of phonon thermal transport in boron arsenide, contrasting its unconventional behavior with that of other related materials, including the zinc blende crystals boron nitride (BN), boron phosphide, boron antimonide, and gallium nitride (GaN). The unusual vibrational properties of BAs contribute to its weak phonon-phonon scattering and phonon-isotope scattering, which are responsible for its exceptionally high \ensuremath{\kappa}. The thermal conductivity of BAs has contributions from phonons with anomalously large mean free paths (\ensuremath{\sim}2 \ensuremath{\mu}m), two to three times those of diamond and BN. This makes \ensuremath{\kappa} in BAs sensitive to phonon scattering from crystal boundaries. An order of magnitude smaller RT thermal conductivity in a similar material, zinc blende GaN, is connected to more separated acoustic phonon branches, larger anharmonic force constants, and a large isotope mixture on the heavy rather than the light constituent atom. The striking difference in \ensuremath{\kappa} for BAs and GaN demonstrates the importance of using a microscopic first principles thermal transport approach for calculating \ensuremath{\kappa}. BAs also has an advantageous RT coefficient of thermal expansion, which, combined with the high \ensuremath{\kappa} value, suggests that it is a promising material for use in thermal management applications.
An adaptive document management system for shared multimedia data (1994)

Presents a methodology for managing information resources by permitting aggregations of mixed-media documents to be interactively defined, shared, and managed using relational database management technology in concert with an extended object-oriented data model. This hybrid approach, based on a polymorphic object model (POM), allows the definition and instantiation of new types of compound documents without requiring modifications to be made to the underlying database schema. Existing documents and results from database queries are dynamically organized into individually meaningful categories as objects using a predicate-based mechanism. Furthermore, the authors have developed a prototype document management system based on the POM. Analysis indicates that gains in flexibility are traded for slightly increased amounts of meta-data management overhead and document retrieval latencies when compared to conventional DBMS technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mimetics of Caloric Restriction Include Agonists of Lipid-activated Nuclear Receptors (2004)

The obesity epidemic in industrialized countries is associated with increases in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and certain types of cancer. In animal models, caloric restriction (CR) suppresses these diseases as well as chemical-induced tissue damage. These beneficial effects of CR overlap with those altered by agonists of nuclear receptors (NR) under control of the fasting-responsive transcriptional co-activator, peroxisome proliferator-activated co-activator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha). In a screen for compounds that mimic CR effects in the liver, we found statistically significant overlaps between the CR transcript profile in wild-type mice and the profiles altered by agonists of lipid-activated NR, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), liver X receptor, and their obligate heterodimer partner, retinoid X receptor. The overlapping genes included those involved in CVD (lipid metabolism and inflammation) and cancer (cell fate). Based on this overlap, we hypothesized that some effects of CR are mediated by PPARalpha. As determined by transcript profiling, 19% of all gene expression changes in wild-type mice were dependent on PPARalpha, including Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14, involved in fatty acid omega-oxidation, acute phase response genes, and epidermal growth factor receptor but not increases in PGC-1alpha. CR protected the livers of wild-type mice from damage induced by thioacetamide, a liver toxicant and hepatocarcinogen. CR protection was lost in PPARalpha-null mice due to inadequate tissue repair. These results demonstrate that PPARalpha mediates some of the effects of CR and indicate that a pharmacological approach to mimicking many of the beneficial effects of CR may be possible.
Measuring extent of ductal carcinoma in situ in breast excision specimens: a comparison of 4 methods. (2009)

The single-slide method performed poorly and should be used only when DCIS is limited to a single slide. Although the calcification and the blocks methods gave better estimates, both produced substantial underestimates and/or overestimates that could affect clinical decision making.
REDUCTION OF NITROGUANIDINE. I. PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE OXIDATION POTENTIAL OF THE NITRO-NITROSOGUANIDINE SYSTEM<sup>1</sup> (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTREDUCTION OF NITROGUANIDINE. I. PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE OXIDATION POTENTIAL OF THE NITRO-NITROSOGUANIDINE SYSTEM1G. B. L. Smith and V. J. SabettaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 3, 1034–1039Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01342a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01342a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advances in ejector technology: A tribute to Hans von Ohain's vision (1982)

A great deal of fundamental investigations and applied research has been performed in the area of ejectors as jet pumps over a period of several decades. However, it is only recently that ejectors are recognized as thrust augmentors since the early work of Von Karman. Subsequently, U. S. Air Force undertook a project of developing the ejector technology for thrust augmentation purposes. A great deal of fundamental and applied work was performed in the course of the last fifteen to twenty years, and a considerable amount of the results has been published. Following are some of the significant and fundamental developments in thrust augmenting ejectors that resulted from ARL's studies: (1) Development of hypermixing nozzles for mixing enhancement was achieved; (2) Demonstration that mixing and diffusion of flows could be done simultaneously with performance advantage was accomplished; (3) An incompressible ejector analysis which will parametrically evaluate an ejector performance was performed; (4) Thrust augmentation of the order of two in an ejector of inlet area ratio 23 was successfully achieved experimentally; (5) Good thrust augmentation for V/STOL purposes was also realized by using full- scale multichannel ejectors. (6) It was demonstrated that diffusion normal to the plane of the velocity profile always leads to improved mixing in contrast to diffusion in the plane of the velocity profile; (7) An ejector-wing model was designed, fabricated and tested; and (8) Further compactness of the ejector was realized by the utilization of a device that combines efficient boundary-layer energization with a configured diffusion device, that is, trapped vortex cavity.
Side-Coupled Asymmetric Plastic Optical Fiber Coupler for Optical Sensor Systems (2008)

This paper reports a side-coupled asymmetric <TEX>$1{\times}2$</TEX> plastic optical fiber coupler for an optical sensor system. The dependence of the optical power coupling ratio on the coupling angle and refractive index of the adhesion layer in both the forward and backward directions was examined based on the geometrical optics. It was confirmed experimentally that the coupling ratios can be optimized by controlling the coupling angle and refractive index of the adhesion layer. A maximum forward coupling efficiency > 93% was achieved.
The Antiplatelet Drug Target in Atherosclerotic Diseases (2006)

The aim of this review is (1) to give a rationale for anti-platelet therapy based on mechanisms of platelet rich arterial thrombosis, (2) to point out the pitfalls involved in monitoring therapy with platelet function tests and (3) to outline the potential clinical applications of such therapy based on the various modes of action of anti-platelet drugs. The primary event in arterial thrombosis is platelet-mediated, either due to increased shear or exposed collagen, followed by fibrin-rich thrombosis. Anti-platelet therapy needs to be monitored but most platelet function tests, now in use, do not reflect in vivo function; the anticoagulant used for blood samples removes extra-cellular calcium ions, platelets are often separated before the test, or very high doses of agonist are used: all of these can give misleading results. We review means whereby platelet function can be monitored in whole blood samples anticoagulated with the pure thrombin inhibitor, hirudin. We review the available methods of modifying platelet activity and are particularly interested in agents that do not cause bleeding. Present therapy causes bleeding by interference with COX1, the P2Y(12) receptor or the platelet fibrinogen receptor complex, all of which can be associated with bleeding complications. In contrast, serotonin does not influence formation of haemostatic layers although it is implicated in shear-induced aggregation and thrombus propagation by positive feedback from the large amount of intraplatelet serotonin. We suggest that further investigation of selective serotonin 5HT(2) antagonism would allow effective management of intravascular thrombosis without bleeding complications. This would be safer both as prophylaxis and would also allow cardioprotection of vascular patients undergoing surgical operations.
Extended Array Manifolds: Functions of Array Manifolds (2011)

The response of an array processing system has been widely modelled using the concept of the array manifold. The conventional array manifold is a function of the geometry of the array, the carrier frequency and the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the sources only. However, the emergence of more sophisticated array systems, for instance antenna array communication systems, dictates the extension of this array manifold into various new types of manifolds that incorporate additional system and channel parameters, such as the code-division multiple access (CDMA) (spreading and scrambling) codes, the lack of synchronization, Doppler effects, polarization parameters, subcarriers, etc. This paper is concerned with the definition and geometric investigation of a generic model for these new manifolds that can be expressed as functions of the conventional array manifolds and, hence, are defined herein as extended array manifolds. Thus, initially, the concept of the extended array manifold is introduced and is shown to accommodate both existing and newly defined extensions of the widely employed in the literature conventional (or spatial) array manifold. Next, the geometric properties and parameters of the extended array manifold are studied and linked with the properties of the associated spatial array manifold in an attempt to facilitate the geometric study of the former by taking advantage of the well understood study of the latter.
Patterns of mtDNA variation in Hawaiian freshwater fishes: the phylogeographic consequences of amphidromy (1998)

MtDNA sequencing was used to assess the phylogeographic structure of four species of Hawaiian freshwater fishes: Lentipes concolor, Stenogobius hawaiiensis, Sicyopterus stimpsoni, and Awaous guamensis. Samples of each species were collected from streams on the northeast side of Kauai, Maui, Molokai, Oahu, and Hawaii. We sequenced segments from both coding and noncoding regions (638-1391 bp) in each species. Sequence analysis uncovered genetic variability in these fishes but no evidence of strong geographic structure among island populations. This result is most readily explained by the fishes' larval marine life stage (amphidromy), which likely facilitates gene flow among island populations. By constraining genetic differentiation among populations, amphidromy may impede speciation in these fishes, possibly explaining why the Hawaiian freshwater fish fauna is depauperate compared to other species-rich Hawaiian faunas. It may also provide them with a kind of evolutionary flexibility atypical of other, more isolated island faunas and allow natural restocking to occur in streams that have been restored to suitable conditions. Comparisons of restriction site and sequence data suggested similar population genetic conclusions for all species except S. stimpsoni, for which the restriction site data is questioned.