gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical 3D motion measurement (2002)

This paper presents a CCD-camera based system for high-speed and accurate measurement of the three-dimensional movement of reflective targets. These targets are attached to the moving object under study. The system has been developed at TU Delft and consists of specialized hardware for real-time multi-camera image processing at 100 frames/s and software for data acquisition, 3D reconstruction and target tracking. An easy-to-use and flexible but accurate calibration method is employed to calibrate the camera setup. Applications of the system are found in a wide variety of areas; biomechanical motion analysis for research, rehabilitation, sports and ergonomics, motion capture for computer animation and virtual reality, and motion analysis of technical constructions like wind turbines. After a more detailed discussion of the image processing aspects of the system the paper will focus on image modeling and parameter estimation for the purpose of camera calibration and 3D reconstruction. A new calibration method that has recently been developed specifically for the measurement of wind turbine blade movements is. Test measurements show that with a proper calibration of the system a precision of 1:3000 relative to the field of view dimensions can be achieved. Future developments will further improve this result.
Formation of nano surfaces on endotracheal tubes using bacterial lipase solutions (2009)

Prevention of infection in endotracheal tubes is part of a nationwide effort to reduce the complications associated with patient intubation. By creating nano-rough surfaces on the endotracheal tubes, the adhesion of infectious bacteria can be decreased. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) endotracheal tubes were treated here with lipases from C. cilindracea and R. arrhisus in an effort to produce such nano-scale surfaces. The surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to examine the dimensions of surface features produced after 24 or 48 hours of soaking. After 48 hours, nano structures were clearly observed on PVC in either lipase solution, therefore providing promise to reduce bacterial attachment.
Plasma assisted decomposition of methane and propane and cracking of liquid hexadecane (2014)

Non-thermal plasmas are considered to be very promising for the initiation of chemical reactions and a vast amount of experimental work has been dedicated to plasma assisted hydrocarbon conversion processes, which are reviewed in the fourth chapter of the thesis.However, current knowledge and experimental data available in the literature on plasma assisted liquid hydrocarbon cracking and gaseous hydrocarbon decomposition is very limited.The experimental methodology is introduced in the chapter that follows the literature review.It includes the scope and objectives section reflecting the information presented in the literature review and the rationale of this work.This is followed by a thorough description of the design and construction of the experimental plasma reformer and the precise experimental procedures, the set-up of hydrocarbon characterization equipment and the development of analytical methods.The methodology of uncertainty analysis is also described.In this work we performed experiments in attempt the cracking of liquid hexadecane into smaller liquid hydrocarbons, which was not successful.The conditions tested and the problems encountered are described in detail.In this project we performed a parametric study for methane and propane decomposition under a corona discharge for CO x free hydrogen generation.For methane and propane a series of experiments were performed for a positive corona discharge at a fixed inter-electrode distance (15 mm) to study the effects of discharge power (range of 14 -20 W and 19 -35 W respectively) and residence time (60 -240 s and 60 -303 s respectively).A second series of experiments studied the effect of inter-electrode distance on hydrogen production, with distances of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 mm tested.The analysis of the results shows that both discharge power and residence time, have a positive influence on gaseous hydrocarbon conversion, hydrogen selectivity and energy conversion efficiency for methane and propane decomposition.Longer discharge gaps favour hydrogen production for methane and propane decomposition.A final series of experiments on corona polarity showed that a positive discharge was preferable for methane decomposition.
Robots on self-organizing knowledge networks (2004)

In this work, we propose a new framework for better deployment and utilization of robots in our uncertain, unstructured everyday environments. Programming robots can be a very time-consuming process and seems almost impossible for ordinary end users. To cope with many challenges in the user programming, this work is to provide an open environment for building robot programming automatically, where we have robots learn how to accomplish commanded tasks interacting with the object. An integrated sensing and computing tag is embedded into every single object in the environment. In the robot controller, only the basic software libraries for low-level robot motion control are provided by the robot manufacturer. The main contributions of this work is to develop the knowledge integrator platform that we call Omniscient Organizer that generates the application programs and send them to the robot controller through networks. In the Omniscient Organizer, the object-related information downloaded from the object Web server merges into robot control software based on the task commands from the human. We have built a test bed and demonstrated that a robot can perform common household tasks such as clearing the table within the proposed framework.
PrhA controls a novel regulatory pathway required for the specific induction of <i>Ralstonia solanacearum hrp</i> genes in the presence of plant cells (1998)

The Ralstonia solanacearum hrp gene cluster is organized in five transcriptional units. Expression of transcriptional units 2, 3 and 4 is induced in minimal medium and depends on the hrp regulatory gene hrpB, which belongs to unit 1. This regulatory gene also controls the expression of genes, such as popA, located to the left of the hrp cluster. Here, we show that, upon co-culture with Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato cell suspensions, the expression of the hrp transcriptional units 1, 2, 3 and 4 is induced 10- to 20-fold more than in minimal medium. This induction is not triggered by diffusible signals but requires the presence of plant cells. Moreover, we show that this specific plant cell induction of hrp genes is controlled by a gene, called prhA (plant regulator of hrp genes), located next to popA. This gene codes for a putative protein of 770 amino acids, which shows similarities with TonB-dependent outer membrane siderophore receptors. Expression of prhA and hrp genes is not regulated by iron status, and we postulate that iron is not the signal sensed by PrhA. In prhA mutants, the induction of hrpB and other hrp genes is abolished in co-culture with Arabidopsis cells, partially reduced in co-culture with tomato cells and not modified in minimal medium. prhA mutants are hypo-aggressive on Arabidopsis (accessions Col-0 and Col-5) but remain fully pathogenic on tomato plants, suggesting that the co-culture assays mimic the in planta conditions. A model suggesting that PrhA is a receptor for plant specific signals at the top of a novel hrp regulatory pathway is discussed.
Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) Protocol (2014)

Applications using the Internet already have access to some topology
information of Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks. For example,
views to Internet routing tables at Looking Glass servers are
available and can be practically downloaded to many network
application clients. What is missing is knowledge of the underlying
network topologies from the point of view of ISPs. In other words,
what an ISP prefers in terms of traffic optimization -- and a way to
distribute it. The Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO)
services defined in this document provide network information (e.g.,
basic network location structure and preferences of network paths)
with the goal of modifying network resource consumption patterns while
maintaining or improving application performance. The basic
information of ALTO is based on abstract maps of a network. These maps
provide a simplified view, yet enough information about a network for
applications to effectively utilize them. Additional services are
built on top of the maps. This document describes a protocol
implementing the ALTO services. Although the ALTO services would
primarily be provided by ISPs, other entities, such as content service
providers, could also provide ALTO services. Applications that could
use the ALTO services are those that have a choice to which end points
to connect. Examples of such applications are peer-to-peer (P2P) and
content delivery networks.
HEAT AND COLD IN THE PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE (1968)

Journal Article HEAT AND COLD IN THE PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE: A CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL Get access J. A. KIRK, J. A. KIRK Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic DiseasesBath Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. D. KERSLEY G. D. KERSLEY Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic DiseasesBath Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rheumatology, Volume 9, Issue 7, August 1968, Pages 270–274, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/9.7.270 Published: 01 August 1968
Cyclo-dynamic dataflow (2002)

We present cyclo dynamic data flow (CDDF), a new data flow model for real time digital signal processing (DSP) applications. CDDF is an extension of cyclo static dataflow (CSDF) (G. Bilsen et al.; M. Engels et al., 1994) that keeps the interesting properties like analyzability and efficient compile time scheduling, while introducing data dependent control flow to improve the expressivity. The semantics are constructed such that extra knowledge about the internals of the actors, which is known to the programmer, can be expressed both in a natural way, and in a syntax that can be analyzed by automatic tools. We describe the proposed model in the context of already existing data flow languages, demonstrate its schedulability and its improved analyzability as compared to the Boolean data flow model (J.T. Buck, 1993).
A 200Msps, 0.6W eDRAM-based search engine applying full-route capacity dedicated FIB application (2012)

Ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) is popular LSI for use in high-throughput forwarding engines on routers. However, the unique structure applied in TCAM consume huge amounts of power, therefore it restricts the applicability to deployment for handling large lookup-table capacity in IP routers. In this paper, we propose a commodity-memory based hardware architecture for the forwarding information base (FIB) application that solves the substantial problems of power and density. The proposed architecture is examined by fabricated test chip with 40nm embedded DRAM (eDRAM) technology, and the effect of power reduction verified is 95% lower than conventional TCAM based.
Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of poly(I,C)-LC against Rift Valley fever virus infection in mice. (1985)

The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid stabilized with poly-L-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose [poly(I,C)-LC] was evaluated in female Swiss Webster mice against a lethal infection of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Prophylactically, the best effect was obtained with 2-3 doses of 1-20 micrograms poly(I,C)-LC, which fully protected the mice in a schedule-dependent fashion against an LD100 RVFV challenge. Multiple intermittent therapeutic administration of 20 micrograms poly(I,C)-LC 24 or 48 h after infection protected 100% and 50% of the mice, respectively. When given as late as 48 h after infection, 20 micrograms poly(I,C)-LC prevented viremia, and single or multiple doses induced high levels of serum interferon that peaked 24 h after administration of the compound. As late as 48 h postinfection, a high degree of therapeutic synergism was achieved with the combined administration of poly(I,C)-LC and the antiviral compound ribavirin, using doses that were not effective alone.
Multiple receptor subtypes mediate the effects of serotonin on rat subfornical organ neurons (1998)

The subfornical organ (SFO) receives significant serotonergic innervation. However, few reports have examined the functional effects of serotonin on SFO neurons. This study characterized the effects of serotonin on spontaneously firing SFO neurons in the rat brain slice. Of 31 neurons tested, 80% responded to serotonin (1-100 microM) with either an increase (n = 15) or decrease (n = 10) in spontaneous activity. Responses to serotonin were dose dependent and persisted after synaptic blockade. Excitatory responses could also be mimicked by the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A/2C receptor agonist 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI; 1-10 microM) and could be blocked by the 5-HT2A/2C-receptor antagonist LY-53,857 (10 microM). LY-53,857 unmasked inhibitory responses to serotonin in 56% of serotonin-excited cells tested. Serotonin-inhibited cells were also inhibited by the 5-HT1A-receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT; 1-10 microM; n = 7). The data indicate that SFO neurons are responsive to serotonin via postsynaptic activation of multiple receptor subtypes. The results suggest that excitatory responses to serotonin are mediated by 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptors and that inhibitory responses may be mediated by 5-HT1A receptors. In addition, similar percentages of serotonin-excited and -inhibited cells were also sensitive to ANG II. As such the functional relationship between serotonin and ANG II in the SFO remains unclear.
Selective injection of laser desorbed ions into a quadrupole ion trap with a filtered noise field (1994)

Abstract We demonstrate the advantages of utilizing a broad‐band filtered noise field (FNF) for preferential mass injection of laser desorbed ions into an ion‐trap mass spectrometer (ITMS). The FNF waveform is applied to the endcap electrodes of the ITMS during the laser‐desorption period, and its amplitude and frequency spectrum are adjusted to resonantly eject all ions except those with selected mass‐to‐charge ratios. In single‐pulse laser desorption, the FNF rapidly ejects desorbed matrix ions without reducing the number of target ions that are trapped. When the FNF is used in conjunction with multipole laser‐desorption events, accumulation of target m/z ions results in a 40‐fold increase in sensitivity over single‐shot laser desorption. In addition, the application of sequential filtered noise fields for multiple stages of mass spectral interrogation is demonstrated.
Dual catalyst system composed by nickel and vanadium complexes containing nitrogen ligands for ethylene polymerization (2005)

Branched polyethylene/high-density polyethylene blends (BPE/HDPE) were prepared using the combined [NiCl2(alpha-diimine)] (1) (alpha-diimine = 1,4-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-acenaphthenediimine) and [TpMs*VCl2(NtBu)] (2) (TpMs* = hydridobis(3-mesitylpyrazol-1-yl)(5-mesitylpyrazol-1-yl)) catalysts. The polymerization reactions were performed in hexane or toluene at three different polymerization temperatures (0, 30 and 50 °C) and several nickel molar fractions (xNi), using MAO as cocatalyst. At all temperatures, the activities show an approximate linear correlation with xNi, indicating a non-synergistic effect between the nickel and the vanadium species. Higher activities were found in toluene at 0 °C. The melting temperatures for the polyethylene blends produced at 0 °C decrease as xNi increases in the medium indicating good miscibility between the polyethylene phases made by both catalysts. The surface morphology of the BPE/HDPE blends studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed low miscibility between the PE phases mainly in the case of the polymer blends produced at high temperature (50 ºC).
Naturalness and interestingness of test images for visual quality evaluation (2010)

Balanced and representative test images are needed to study perceived visual quality in various application domains. This study investigates naturalness and interestingness as image quality attributes in the context of test images. Taking a top-down approach we aim to find the dimensions which constitute naturalness and interestingness in test images and the relationship between these high-level quality attributes. We compare existing collections of test images (e.g. Sony sRGB images, ISO 12640 images, Kodak images, Nokia images and test images developed within our group) in an experiment combining quality sorting and structured interviews. Based on the data gathered we analyze the viewer-supplied criteria for naturalness and interestingness across image types, quality levels and judges. This study advances our understanding of subjective image quality criteria and enables the validation of current test images, furthering their development.
Heat flow model for pulsed welding (1991)

An analytical model of the heat flow during pulsed welding is constructed by first developing a solution for the temperature distribution due to an instantaneous, stationary, Gaussian heat source. This solution is first extended to treat the case of a moving heat source for a single pulse and then extended to treat the case of pulsed welding by summing the temperature changes due to a series of pulses. Test gas tungsten arc welds in mild steel are used to confirm the validity of the model.MST/1371
South African national HIV prevalence , HIV incidence, behaviour and communication survery, 2005 (2005)

The Nelson Mandela Foundation (NMF) commissioned the first national, household sero-prevalence survey of HIV/AIDS in 2002. That study had significant impact nationally, in the sub-region and internationally. The report received widespread attention, has been used to build the capacity of other Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries in implementing similar studies, and has impacted on policy, strategy and practice in the area of HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Statistics South Africa currently uses the 2002 household survey to estimate the magnitude of the HIV/AIDS situation in the country. Since 2002, significant shifts have occurred and South Africa has made great strides: the roll out of a comprehensive programme for the care and treatment of HIV-infected individuals has begun and investment in mass media campaigns aimed at preventing new infections is at an all-time high. The NMF realised that it was important to assess the extent to which these policies and practices had changed the shape of the pandemic in South Africa by following up on the first survey. This report on the second national survey of HIV/AIDS reveals a number of key issues, such as: South Africans are increasingly being tested to find out their HIV status; more people, including older South Africans, are using condoms at higher rates than before; and, more care and support is being provided to people living with and affected by HIV/AIDS. The report brings home the reality that the HIV prevalence in South Africa among persons aged 2 years and older at 10.8 per cent translates to 4.8 million people living with HIV/AIDS in 2005. Factors underpinning continued high HIV prevalence are partly illustrated by the finding that half of the respondents in this study who were found to be HIV positive did not think they were at risk of HIV infection. It considers HIV/AIDS stigma, the integration of family planning and HIV/AIDS service, and the existing HIV/AIDS communication campaigns. The findings and recommendations of the report will be invaluable to policy-makers and strategic planners, health and other professionals, the media, researchers and academics.
Electrolyte concentrations, potassium flux kinetics, and the metabolic dependence of potassium transport in human platelets. (1967)

concentrations of sodium (38.8 pEq per milliliter of platelet water), potassium (118 pEq per milliliter of platelet water), and water (74.6 per cent by weight) were determined by centrifugation of platelet-rich plasma and direct analysis of the packed platelets, with corrections for plasma trapped in the platelet buttons. The rate of flux of potassium across the platelet membrane was determined with radioisotopic potassium (K4a) with standard kinetic techniques. The flux rate was determined to be 110 gEq per milliliter of platelet water per hour. In 11 of 26 preparations, intracellular potassium appeared to be distributed in 2 compartments with different rates of exchange with K*a. All intracellular potassium appeared to be exdhangeable. The metabolic dependence of potassium flux was studied by metabolic inhibition achieved by the use of cyanide, iodoacetate, ouabain, and anoxia. It was concluded that an active transport mechanism is present in the platelet membrane that transports potassium inward against a concentration gradient with the use of ATP derived equally well from either glycolysis or respiration.
Involvement of ribosomal proteins in regulating cell growth and apoptosis: Translational modulation or recruitment for extraribosomal activity? (1999)

Gene recruitment is a mechanism of molecular evolution whereby a gene product can function in more than one distinct capacity. The 'one gene-dual function' phenomenon is well illustrated by crystallins, structural proteins that play both specialized roles in the eye lens and also 'housekeeping' enzyme roles. Ribosomal proteins are integral components of the basal cellular machinery involved in protein synthesis, whose roles have been regarded collectively as important, but individually somewhat mundane. However, various individual ribosomal proteins and also translation initiation and elongation factors have been found to play roles in regulating cell growth, transformation and death, giving rise to increasing speculation that components of the translational apparatus can act as multifunctional proteins. Recently, we have shown that ribosomal protein S3a (RPS3a) plays important roles in cell transformation and death, whereby constitutively or transiently enhanced RPS3a expression can be regarded as 'priming' a cell for apoptosis and suppression of such enhanced expression as 'execution'. While it is unclear whether RPS3a acts in a capacity mechanistically distinct from that in translation, such a possibility is discussed in this article in the light of recent, although not exhaustively reviewed, findings implicating the involvement of other individual ribosomal proteins in modulating and/or effecting changes in cellular responses and growth patterns in an extraribosomal capacity independent of their conventional role in translation.