gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic and Biochemical Interactions between an Essential Kinetochore Protein, Cbf2p/Ndc10p, and the <i>CDC34</i> Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme (1995)

CBF2/NDC10/CTF14 encodes the 110-kDa subunit of CBF3, a key component of the yeast centromere/kinetochore. Overexpression of yeast CDC34 specifically suppresses the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype of the ndc10-1 mutation. Mutations in CDC34, which specifies a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, arrest yeast cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, with no intact spindles formed (M. G. Goebl, J. Yochem, S. Jentsch, J. P. McGrath, A. Varshavsky, and B. Byers, Science 241:1331-1335, 1988). The cdc34-2 mutation drastically alters the pattern of Cbf2p modification. Results of experiments using antibodies against Cbf2p and ubiquitin indicate that Cbf2p is ubiquitinated in vivo. Purified Cdc34p catalyzes the formation of Cbf2p-monoubiquitin conjugate in vitro. These data suggest that Cbf2p is an endogenous substrate of the CDC34 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and imply that ubiquitination of a kinetochore protein plays a regulatory role in kinetochore function.
Diminished Excretion of Bicarbonate from the Single Sweat Gland of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas* (1974)

Abstract. Using pH‐microelectrodes the excretion of hydrogen‐ions and bicarbonate in relation to flow rate was investigated in a single sweat gland of cystic fibrosis children. The results show decreased excretion of hydrogen‐ions and an increased excretion of bicarbonate. Evidence is presented that due to reduced secretion of hydrogen‐ions in the duct both the reabsorption of sodium and the secretion of potassium may be impaired. The possibility is discussed that reduced flux of hydrogen‐ions may similarly be responsible for the excretory defect in the duct system of the pancreas. Reduced flux of protons across the luminal membrane of epithelial cells is proposed as a general feature of exocrine gland defects. It is then possible to describe both the cationic transport defect of the sweat gland duct and the anionic bicarbonate‐secretory defect in one term.
Malignancy in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (2000)

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) represents a major risk factor for development of malignancy, particularly malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), optic gliomas, other gliomas, and leukemias. The oncologist will see NF1 patients referred for treatment of malignancy, and should be alert to the possibility of undiagnosed NF1 among patients with cancer. Brain tumors tend to have a more indolent course in NF1 than in the general population, and hence are best managed conservatively. MPNST, in contrast, do not respond to standard chemotherapy or radiation therapy. The most effective treatment of MPNST appears to be early diagnosis and surgery, but early diagnosis is hampered by frequent occurrence within preexisting large tumors, making new growth or change difficult to detect. New insights into pathogenesis now offer hope of development of specific methods of treatment with reduced toxicity and more precise molecular targeting. There is an urgent need, however, to develop methods to measure tumor growth and monitor outcomes, develop preclinical drug screening systems, and further explore the pathogenesis of the disorder to determine whether mechanisms other than Ras regulation may be important in pathogenesis.
Report on Potash (1939)

Journal Article Report on Potash Get access O W Ford O W Ford Associate Referee Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, West Lafayette, Ind Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 22, Issue 2, 1 May 1939, Pages 280–288, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/22.2.280 Published: 18 February 2020
Flicker (2008)

We present Flicker, an infrastructure for executing security-sensitive code in complete isolation while trusting as few as 250 lines of additional code. Flicker can also provide meaningful, fine-grained attestation of the code executed (as well as its inputs and outputs) to a remote party. Flicker guarantees these properties even if the BIOS, OS and DMA-enabled devices are all malicious. Flicker leverages new commodity processors from AMD and Intel and does not require a new OS or VMM. We demonstrate a full implementation of Flicker on an AMD platform and describe our development environment for simplifying the construction of Flicker-enabled code.
<i>pbp2229</i> -Mediated Nisin Resistance Mechanism in <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Confers Cross-Protection to Class IIa Bacteriocins and Affects Virulence Gene Expression (2004)

It was previously shown that enhanced nisin resistance in some mutants was associated with increased expression of three genes, pbp2229, hpk1021, and lmo2487, encoding a penicillin-binding protein, a histidine kinase, and a protein of unknown function, respectively. In the present work, we determined the direct role of the three genes in nisin resistance. Interruption of pbp2229 and hpk1021 eliminated the nisin resistance phenotype. Interruption of hpk1021 additionally abolished the increase in pbp2229 expression. The results indicate that this nisin resistance mechanism is caused directly by the increase in pbp2229 expression, which in turn is brought about by the increase in hpk1021 expression. We also found a degree of cross-protection between nisin and class IIa bacteriocins and investigated possible mechanisms. The expression of virulence genes in one nisin-resistant mutant and two class IIa bacteriocin-resistant mutants of the same wild-type strain was analyzed, and each mutant consistently showed either an increase or a decrease in the expression of virulence genes (prfA-regulated as well as prfA-independent genes). Although the changes mostly were moderate, the consistency indicates that a mutant-specific change in virulence may occur concomitantly with bacteriocin resistance development.
The Quantised Line (1970)

The problem of digitising and regenerating continuous lines is considered from the point of view of the format of the digitised data and the quality of the regenerated line, both in width and positional accuracy.
Oral Vaccination with Recombinant <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> Expressing Hybrid Type III Proteins Protects Gerbils from Amebic Liver Abscess (2004)

Protection against invasive amebiasis was achieved in the gerbil model for amebic liver abscess by oral immunization with live attenuated Yersinia enterocolitica expressing the Entamoeba histolytica galactose-inhibitable lectin that has been fused to the Yersinia outer protein E (YopE). Protection was dependent on the presence of the YopE translocation domain but was independent from the antibody response to the ameba lectin.
Novelty detection using extreme value statistics (1999)

Extreme value theory is a branch of statistics that concerns the distribution of data of unusually low or high value, i.e. in the tails of some distribution. These extremal points are important in many applications as they represent the outlying regions of normal events against which we may wish to define abnormal events. In the context of density modelling, novelty detection or radial-basis function systems, points that lie outside of the range of expected extreme values may be flagged as outliers. There has been interest in the area of novelty detection, but decisions as to whether a point is an outlier or not tend to be made on the basis of exceeding some (heuristic) threshold. It is shown that a more principled approach may be taken using extreme value statistics.
Autoregressive Neural F0 Model for Statistical Parametric Speech Synthesis (2018)

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been successfully used as fundamental frequency (F0) models for text-to-speech synthesis. However, this paper showed that a normal RNN may not take into account the statistical dependency of the F0 data across frames and consequently only generate noisy F0 contours when F0 values are sampled from the model. A better model may take into account the causal dependency of the current F0 datum on the previous frames' F0 data. One such model is the shallow autoregressive (AR) recurrent mixture density network (SAR) that we recently proposed. However, as this study showed, an SAR is equivalent to the combination of trainable linear filters and a conventional RNN. It is still weak for F0 modeling. To better model the temporal dependency in F0 contours, we propose a deep AR model (DAR). On the basis of an RNN, this DAR propagates the previous frame's F0 value through the RNN, which allows nonlinear AR dependency to be achieved. We also propose F0 quantization and data dropout strategies for the DAR. Experiments on a Japanese corpus demonstrated that this DAR can generate appropriate F0 contours by using the random-sampling-based generation method, which is impossible for the baseline RNN and SAR. When a conventional mean-based generation method was used in the proposed DAR and other experimental models, the DAR generated accurate and less oversmoothed F0 contours and achieved a better mean-opinion-score in a subjective evaluation test.
Crystal structures of glycoside hydrolase family 3 β-glucosidase 1 from <i>Aspergillus aculeatus</i> (2013)

GH3 (glycoside hydrolase family 3) BGLs (β-glucosidases) from filamentous fungi have been widely and commercially used for the supplementation of cellulases. AaBGL1 (Aspergillus aculeatus BGL1) belongs to the GH3 and shows high activity towards cellooligosaccharides up to high degree of polymerization. In the present study we determined the crystal structure of AaBGL1. In addition to the substrate-free structure, the structures of complexes with glucose and various inhibitors were determined. The structure of AaBGL1 is highly glycosylated with 88 monosaccharides (18 N-glycan chains) in the dimer. The largest N-glycan chain comprises ten monosaccharides and is one of the largest glycans ever observed in protein crystal structures. A prominent insertion region exists in a fibronectin type III domain, and this region extends to cover a wide surface area of the enzyme. The subsite +1 of AaBGL1 is highly hydrophobic. Three aromatic residues are present at subsite +1 and are located in short loop regions that are uniquely present in this enzyme. There is a long cleft extending from subsite +1, which appears to be suitable for binding long cellooligosaccharides. The crystal structures of AaBGL1 from the present study provide an important structural basis for the technical improvement of enzymatic cellulosic biomass conversion.
Development and Application of High-Performance Magnesia-Chrome Bricks for RH Degasser (2002)

The paper analyses the wear mechanism of magnesiachrome bricks for snorkel of RH degasser. High-performance magnesia-chrome bricks with good resistance to molten slag and infiltration resistance have been manufactured by means of reasonable fabricating technology. The application results of the developed magnesia-chrome bricks at 300t RH degasser of Baosteel indicate that the lining life has been increased up to 150 heats.
Fluency Changes in Persons Who Stutter Following a Double Blind Trial of Clomipramine and Desipramine (1995)

This study compared fluency changes in adult developmental stuttering speakers treated with two tricyclic antidepressants, clomipramine and desipramine. Clomipramine is primarily a serotonergic reuptake inhibitor, and desipramine, primarily a noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor. Sixteen subjects who stuttered participated in a single-blind placebo, double-blind active drug crossover study lasting 12 weeks. Speech rate and percent fluency did not significantly improve in placebo compared to baseline. Speech rate significantly increased while repeating, reading or constructing sentences, and during a telephone conversation, but no significant changes in percent fluency were found under clomipramine compared to placebo. Speech rate during a telephone conversation and percent fluency while speaking in front of an audience of four to seven listeners significantly increased under clomipramine compared to desipramine. No significant improvements in percent fluency or speech rate were found for any speaking task under desipramine compared to placebo. Twelve of 16 subjects reported improved fluency compared to baseline using clomipramine, whereas 6 reported improvement using desipramine. Because more evidence of improvement was found under clomipramine compared to desipramine, fluency improvement may be related to clomipramine's greater selectivity for serotonergic reuptake inhibition.
Motion – Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Should Undergo Early Liver Transplantation: Arguments against the Motion (2002)

Liver transplantation is an accepted form of treatment for patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and can provide long term survival. Cholangiocarcinoma occurs in 10% to 20% of patients with PSC, is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis. It has been proposed that liver transplantation be undertaken early in the course of the PSC, before cancer develops. Such a proposal would have significant implications for the method of assigning priority to patients awaiting liver transplantation. Other patients on the waiting list would experience further delays, while there is no proven benefit for PSC patients. Few patients with this disease are removed from the waiting list because they developed cancer. If one were to state that PSC patients warrant special consideration because of the hypothetical risk of cholangiocarcinoma, the same argument could be applied to patients with hepatitis C and other causes of cirrhosis, who are at increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The transplant allocation system is applied in an equitable fashion to patients with a large variety of liver diseases. Alteration of this system to benefit a small number of patients with PSC would violate the principles on which it was created, and cannot be justified.
Expression of recombinant canine sFlt1 as an experimental anti‐angiogenic agent (2012)

Formation of new blood vessels is regulated by pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic factors, including VEGF and its secreted receptor sFlt1. With the goal of evaluating sFlt1 as a therapeutic for ocular diseases in dogs, we undertook the generation of recombinant canine sFlt1 (rcsFlt1) protein. Canine sFlt1 coding sequence was recovered as recombinant baculovirus after transfection into Sf9 cells. rcsFlt1 proteins were purified from infected Sf9 conditioned media by adsorption to heparin‐agarose and resolved by SDS‐PAGE. Immunoblotting of heparin‐purified conditioned medium revealed rcsFlt1 of predicted molecular weight (~115 kDa). rcsFlt1 migrated on SDS‐PAGE as a species apparently larger than recombinant mouse sFlt1 similarly produced. Endoglycosidase treatment of canine and mouse rsFlt1 reduced both to co‐migrating species of ~80 kDa, consistent with their predicted primary structures. This result, together with the presence of more predicted N‐glycosylation sites on canine than mouse sFlt1, suggests that differential glycosylation accounts for differential migration of canine and mouse forms. Future studies will examine the topical tolerability of purified rcsFlt1 on canine eyes. Supported by VMRCVM RGS
Expression of the IFNα receptor in hairy cell leukaemia (1992)

The expression of IFN alpha receptors on the surface of hairy cell leukaemia cells was studied using affinity crosslinking methods, flow cytometry with a recently produced anti-IFN alpha receptor monoclonal antibody (IFNaR3), and binding techniques. IFN alpha receptors were detected by flow cytometry and affinity crosslinking in eight cases showing a normal receptor structure with 125I-IFN alpha 2-receptor complexes with molecular weights of 210, 130 and 110 kD. The hairy cell leukaemia cells from one patient did not express IFN alpha receptors as determined by flow cytometry, affinity crosslinking and binding studies. Northern blot analysis showed expression of mRNA for the gene coding for the putative IFN alpha receptor in all cases studied, including the patient with lack of IFN alpha receptor expression on hairy cells. This patient was refractory to IFN alpha 2 treatment. Our data suggest that lack of expression of IFN alpha receptors in rare cases may be associated with refractoriness to IFN alpha 2 therapy.
Antihyperlipidemic and antihypertensive effect of a triterpenoid‐rich extract from bamboo shavings and vasodilator effect of friedelin on phenylephrine‐induced vasoconstriction in thoracic aortas of rats (2007)

Triterpenoids, which are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom, were applied to the development of functional foods as physiological and pharmacological active agents. Some physiological activities of a triterpenoid-rich extract from bamboo shavings (EBS), i.e. antihyperlipidemic and antihypertensive effects, were systematically evaluated in the present study. The results demonstrated that EBS could reduce the serum total cholesterol (TC) and total triglyceride (TG) levels, which are the main factors directly leading to pathological changes in cardiovascular diseases, in hyperlipidemic rats (p < 0.05). Furthermore, EBS could significantly reduce the systolic pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) but its maximum effect time was less than 24 h. Meanwhile, EBS did not influence the heart rate of SHR. On the other hand, the vasodilator effects of friedelin, a main triterpenoid compound separated from EBS, on phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in the thoracic aortas of rats were also discussed. The results showed that friedelin probably served a function of vasodilator responses in the thoracic aortas of rats in accordance with the antihypertensive effect of EBS. The results also suggested that EBS might prevent some cardiovascular diseases by its impact on lipid metabolism.
Radiation Effects on Breast Reconstruction with the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap (2002)

Immediate breast reconstruction has important advantages over delayed reconstruction, including a shorter operative time and decreased psychological distress for the patient. However, the authors' experiences with the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap demonstrate variable aesthetic outcomes among patients who undergo radiation postoperatively. To establish an association between radiation and poor postoperative results, a matched-pairs analysis was conducted. Thirty irradiated patients were paired with 30 nonirradiated patients, according to age and body mass index. For each group, the incidence of fat necrosis, fibrosis/shrinkage, and flap contracture was recorded. In addition, an aesthetic evaluation was conducted to compare before-and-after images of 10 irradiated patients with those of 10 nonirradiated patients from similar time periods. The images were randomized and blindly evaluated by a panel of eight judges. A five-point scale was used to evaluate symmetry, aesthetic proportion, and the appearance of the superior pole. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the score changes for irradiated and nonirradiated patients, according to all three criteria. Nonirradiated patient scores increased by one-half point, and irradiated patient scores decreased by one-half point. In addition, the incidences of fat necrosis, fibrosis, and flap contracture were all significantly higher among the irradiated group. These results suggest that when possible, reconstruction should be delayed until after radiation therapy is complete. Persons who smoke or are obese may be at particular risk for complications following radiation therapy.
Brain macrophages and microglia respond differently to lesions of the developing and adult visual system (1991)

Traumatic injury in the brain usually results in rapid degeneration of neuronal elements and a response by peripherally derived macrophages (brain macrophages, BMOs) and resident microglia. One intriguing result of lesions performed in the developing brain as compared to lesions of the mature brain is the faster resolution of the cellular debris and the absence of significant scarring. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of BMOs to induced cell death distant to the lesion site and to investigate possible differences in the responding phagocytic populations (BMOs versus microglia) following lesions in neonates and adults. Ablation of the visual cortex at birth results in very rapid retrograde degeneration and removal of neurons of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) within a few days. Lesions to the visual cortex of adult rats also induce neurons within the dLGN to die, but these cells do so over a much more protracted time course. Utilizing differences in morphology and immunocytochemical staining with the monoclonal antibodies ED1 and OX-42 to distinguish between BMOs and microglia, we found that in the developing CNS, BMOs are signalled rapidly and specifically to the location of induced cell death. Microglia are not involved in this response. As might be expected, the temporal response in the adult is much more protracted. In contrast to the developing brain, microglia and not macrophages are the predominant responding cell class after the adult lesion. The data suggest that these are distinct populations of phagocytic cells that respond to brain damage during development and in the adult, which may be critical in modulating the resolution and growth response after injury.
Realizing collective perception in a vehicle (2016)

The introduction of Vehicle-to-X (V2X) communication enhances the perception range of a vehicle significantly. The technology, however, is subjected to the network effect: a minimum number of communication partners need to be within range, in order for V2X applications to work. Taking current vehicle replacement rates on the market into account, the time of market introduction is critical, as early adopters are likely not to profit from the technology, whilst having to account for the development costs. This contribution picks up the concept of collective perception, in which vehicles share their information gathered by their local perception sensors about objects in their vicinity. This work extends our earlier research by introducing a new message format, the Environmental Perception Message (EPM) for exchanging sensor information. Additionally, a high-level data fusion framework is presented, which separates the fusion process of local sensor data and V2X information, along with the required coordinate transformations for representing another vehicle's sensor information in the recipient's reference frame. We also realized the introduced framework and message in two automated vehicles and provide a performance analysis in an obstacle avoidance scenario for these vehicles on a race track. Since the vehicles share their sensor data with each other, the resulting available reaction time for avoiding the obstacle on the track increases significantly.