gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of blood mononuclear cells permissive of cytomegalovirus infection in vitro. (1993)

We conclude that both the experimental strain Ad169 and a CMV isolate obtained from a patient could infect PBMCs in vitro. The identity of infected cells was established as CD14+ monocytes and a small population of CD3/CD8+ large granular lymphocytes. No evidence of sensitivity to infection was obtained in small lymphocytes, in either the B or T cell population. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis of cells expressing CMV-encoded antigens is a sensitive assay, as is the demonstration of viral RNA using reversed PCR and nested primer pairs. Since three different types of analyses all indicated active production of structural CMV antigens in infected cells, we conclude that monocytes and some CD8+ large lymphocytes might serve as reservoirs for latent CMV infection and might be responsible for the transfer of CMV infection. Presently, it cannot be determined whether PBMCs are indeed sensitive to a primary infection. Direct sequencing of virus isolates from in vitro-infected cells will have to be carried out to settle this issue. However, we favor the explanation that CMV causes a primary in vitro infection, since, as discussed above, various activating substances can induce the expression of CMV-encoded antigens in blood cells from seropositive donors. Finally, we found that the presence of the CD13 marker was a common denominator of all cells sensitive to CMV infection. We are presently attempting to elucidate whether the CD13 molecule is instrumental in the infection of cells by CMV.
The Effect of Acknowledgment Traffic on the Capacity of Packet-Switched Radio Channels (1978)

We consider a population of terminals communicating with each other or with a central station over a packet-switched multiple access radio channel. To ensure the integrity of the transmitted data over the multi-access channel, we consider a reliable method using an error detecting block code in conjunction with a positive acknowledgment of each correct message. In this paper, we study the effect on channel capacity of the overhead created by the error-control traffic for both slotted ALOHA [1] and carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) [2]. For this we consider several implementation schemes for the two channel configurations: the common-channel configuration (a single channel for both information traffic and error-control traffic); and the split-channel configuration. The packet delay analysis will be treated in a forthcoming companion paper.
RNF6 Promotes Colorectal Cancer by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway via Ubiquitination of TLE3 (2018)

Gene amplification is a hallmark of cancer and is frequently observed in colorectal cancer. Previous whole-genome sequencing of colorectal cancer clinical specimens identified amplification of Ring finger protein 6 (RNF6), a RING-domain E3 ubiquitin ligase. In this study, we showed that <i>RNF6</i> is upregulated in 73.5% (147/200) of patients with colorectal cancer and was positively associated with <i>RNF6</i> gene amplification. Furthermore, RNF6 expression and its gene amplification were independent prognostic factors for poor outcome of patients with colorectal cancer. RNF6 promoted cell growth, cell-cycle progression, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells; RNF6 also promoted colorectal tumor growth and lung metastasis in mouse models. Mechanistic investigations revealed that RNF6 bound and ubiquitylated transducin-like enhancer of split 3 (TLE3), a transcriptional repressor of the β-catenin/TCF4 complex. RNF6-mediated degradation of TLE3 significantly suppressed the association of TLE3 with TCF4/LEF, which in turn led to recruitment of β-catenin to TCF4/LEF, triggering Wnt/β-catenin activation. Restoration of TLE3 expression abolished the oncogenic effects of RNF6. Taken together, these results demonstrate that RNF6 plays a pivotal oncogenic role in colorectal tumorigenesis.<b>Significance:</b> RNF6-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of TLE3 activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis. <i>Cancer Res; 78(8); 1958-71. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality of Stroke in China (2017)

Stroke burden in China has increased over the past 30 years, and remains particularly high in rural areas. There is a north-to-south gradient in stroke in China, with the greatest stroke burden observed in the northern and central regions.
Capsaicin inhalation in man and the effects of sodium cromoglycate (1984)

The inhalation of capsaicin for 1 min, delivered as an aerosol by nebulising solutions of capsaicin at concentrations of 2-65 mumol 1(-1), caused dose-dependent coughing in normal volunteers and subjects with mild asthma. Capsaicin did not cause a feeling of breathlessness, and had no effect on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) measured at the 1st, 5th and 9th min after the challenge was completed. Coughing started within seconds of applying the face mask, continued throughout the minute of capsaicin inhalation, and stopped within seconds of the mask being removed. In any one subject the number of coughs was reproducible when repeated on the same day or after an interval of several days. Experiments using local anaesthesia applied to the buccal mucosa or larynx indicated that the cough was caused by the stimulation of capsaicin-sensitive nerve terminals situated in the larynx. Cough response was not altered by the prior inhalation of sodium cromoglycate.
Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Films for Smart Window Applications (2016)

In this study, nickel oxide films were prepared through an electrodeposition technique. NiO films were fabricated on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) supports by cycling the potential between two different sets of limits. The electrodeposition technique which involved using the shorter potential limits was denoted as deposition process 1 and the technique using the wider potential limits was called deposition process 2. Subsequently, the films fabricated by the two deposition process were evaluated as electrochromic materials. The results show that the Colouration Efficiency (CE) values achieved for the deposition process 1 and 2 were 49 cm2 C-1 and 10 cm2 C-1, respectively. The switching times of the film made by the first deposition process were also calculated, as this film showed improved electrochromic capabilities. The coloration and bleaching switching times for this NiO film are 5.7 and 7.4 seconds, respectively. The improved electrochromic results for the film fabricated by deposition process 1 may be due to the smaller potential deposition window as it produced a thinner film with no traces of sulphate ions on the film’s surface compared to the other NiO film produced by the second electrodeposition technique. The films are characterized by SEM-EDX, Raman spectroscopy and XPS. The regeneration of the bleach state was shown to be hindered. This may be due to conductive pathways involved in the reduction of the coloured state being blocked. Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the presence of both the Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH after the reduction event.
Cube propagation for focal brain atrophy estimation (2013)

Precise and robust whole brain, ventricle, and hippocampal atrophy measurements are important as they serve as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. They are used as secondary outcomes in drug trials, and they correlate with the cognitive scores. When two successive scans are non-linearly aligned by registration, the volume change in a region of interest (ROI) is typically computed by Jacobian integration (JI), volumetric meshing (VM), or surface based methods like surface triangulation (ST) or surface flux (SF). JI and VM offer the possibility of a voxel-by-voxel atrophy measure for visualization or localization of atrophy and subsequent summing to an ROI measure of atrophy. ST and SF only offer whole ROI atrophy measures. JI and SF suffer from a lack of precision originating from respectively approximating a space and a time integral by a finite sum. VM suffers from a high computational burden and the ST from the lack of localization. In this paper we present the cube propagation (CP) algorithm having numerical precision as VM, offering the localization as JI and VM, but computational simplicity as the ST and SF. We demonstrate superior numerical precision to the the commonly used JI.
Intranasal immunization with a lipooligosaccharide-based conjugate vaccine from nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae enhances bacterial clearance in mouse nasopharynx (2003)

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major cause of otitis media in children. We investigated whether intranasal immunization with a detoxified lipooligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid (dLOS-TT) conjugate vaccine would generate protective immunity against NTHi in a mouse model of nasopharyngeal clearance. The results demonstrated that intranasal immunization with dLOS-TT plus adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) significantly induced LOS-specific IgA antibodies in mouse external secretions, especially in nasal wash (90-fold), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (25-fold), saliva (13-fold) and fecal extract (three-fold). LOS-specific IgA antibody-forming cells were also found in mucosal and lymphoid tissues with their highest numbers in the nasal passage (528 per 106 cells). In addition, the intranasal immunization elicited a significant rise in LOS-specific IgG (32-fold) and IgA (13-fold) in serum. For the immunized mice which had been challenged through the nose with 107 live NTHi strain 9274 cells, the vaccine group showed a significant reduction (74–77%) of NTHi, compared to that of control groups with CT alone or dLOS plus CT (P<0.05). Negative correlations were found between bacterial counts and the levels of nasal wash IgA or IgG, saliva IgA and serum IgG. The clearance of five heterologous strains was investigated and revealed a significant clearance of strains 3198, 5657 and 7502 but not of strains 1479 and 2019. These data suggest that intranasal immunization with dLOS-TT vaccine elicits both mucosal and systemic immunity against NTHi and enhances bacterial clearance from nasopharynx in mice. Such a vaccine and vaccination regime may be applicable to humans with an appropriate formulation.
SPSS Survival Manual (2020)

The SPSS Survival Manual throws a lifeline to students and researchers grappling with this powerful data analysis software.In her bestselling guide, Julie Pallant guides you through the entire research process, helping you choose the right data analysis technique for your project. From the formulation of research questions, to the design of the study and analysis of data, to reporting the results, Julie discusses basic and advanced statistical techniques. She outlines each technique clearly, with step-by-step procedures for performing the analysis, a detailed guide to interpreting data output and an example of how to present the results in a report.For both beginners and experienced users in psychology, sociology, health sciences, medicine, education, business and related disciplines, the SPSS Survival Manual is an essential text. Illustrated with screen grabs, examples of output and tips, it is supported by a website with sample data and guidelines on report writing.This fifth edition is fully revised and updated to accommodate changes to IBM SPSS procedures, screens and output. Additional recommended readings and websites have been added.'An excellent introduction to using SPSS for data analysis. It provides a self-contained resource itself, with more than simply (detailed and clear) step-by-step descriptions of statistical procedures in SPSS. There is also a wealth of tips and advice, and for each statistical technique a brief, but consistently reliable, explanation is provided.' - Associate Professor George Dunbar, University of Warwick'This book is recommended as ESSENTIAL to all students completing research projects - minor and major.' - Dr John Roodenburg, Monash University
[Changes of plasma serotonin precursor metabolite concentrations in postmenopausal women with hot flushes]. (2002)

Our results suggest that the catabolic disorder of serotonin may involve in the underlying mechanism of hot flushes in postmenopausal women.
The Critical Role of Disulfide Bond Formation in Protein Sorting in the Endosperm of Rice (2005)

Many seed storage proteins, including monomeric 2S albumin and polymeric prolamin, contain conserved sequences in three separate regions, termed A, B, and C, which contain the consensus motifs LxxC, CCxQL, and PxxC, respectively. Protein-sorting mechanisms in rice (Oryza sativa) endosperm were studied with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to different segments of rice alpha-globulin, a monomeric, ABC-containing storage protein. The whole ABC region together with GFP was efficiently transported to protein storage vacuoles (type II protein bodies [PB-II]) in the endosperm cells and sequestered in the matrix that surrounds the crystalloids. Peptide Gln-23 to Ser-43 in the A region was sufficient to guide GFP to PB-II. However, GFP fused with the AB or B region accumulated in prolamin protein bodies. Substitution mutations in the CCxQL motif in the B region significantly altered protein localization in the endosperm cells. Furthermore, protein extracts containing these substituted proteins had increased amounts of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperons BiP (for binding protein), protein disulfide isomerase, and calnexin as a part of protein complexes that were insoluble in a detergent buffer. These results suggest that the ER chaperons and disulfide bonds formed at the dicysteine residues in CCxQL play critical roles in sorting fused proteins in the endosperm cells.
IVUS‐guided wiring technique: Promising approach for the chronic total occlusion (2004)

We report on two cases of IVUS-guided wiring technique performed on chronic total occlusion using stiffer wires and low-profile intracoronary ultrasound catheter. This technique helped improve a success rate of chronic total occlusion case.
Bacteriophage Attachment Sites, Serological Specificity, and Chemical Composition of the Lipopolysaccharides of Semirough and Rough Mutants of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (1971)

Extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from one smooth, one semirough, and five rough mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 or LT7, for which the chemical structure of the polysaccharide chain had been elucidated by using methylation analysis, were characterized with passive hemagglutination inhibition and phage inactivation experiments. Each addition of a sugar residue to a LPS from chemotype Rc was reflected in changed serological reactivity and phage-inhibiting activity of a collection of bacteriophages of the isolated LPS. Thus, certain criteria can be established for a classification of rough mutants of S. typhimurium. The observation that the serological RII specificity corresponds to a completed common core polysaccharide was verified. The serological RI specificity was found in LPS with terminal d-galactose I residues. One of the mutants, SL733, yielded a LPS which cross-reacted with anti-O5 factor serum although the polysaccharide was virtually free from contaminating O-specific material. The O5 reactivity was destroyed by alkaline treatment of SL733 LPS. The smooth- and rough-specific Felix O-l (FO) and the rough-specific 6SR and Br2 phages were shown to have their receptors in the LPS. There was a good correlation between the adsorption rate constant to whole cells and the phage inhibiting activity of isolated LPS suggesting that the LPS exert the major influence on the attachment of these phages to the bacteria. The polysaccharide structures in the LPS necessary for attachment of the 6SR and Br2 phages were defined. It was found that measuring the phage-inhibiting properties of isolated LPS as PhI(50) (LPS concentration required to inactivate 50% of the phages under defined conditions) was a more sensitive method for a characterization of the LPS than the serological and chemical assays used.
Metalloantibody design (1995)

Metal-binding sites were designed within the antigen-binding pocket of the catalytic antibody 43C9 based on a 3-dimensional antibody model and crystallographic structures of Zn-binding metalloenzymes. These tetrahedral Zn-binding sites were designed to mimic both secondary and tertiary structural characteristics of catalytic metal sites in enzymes. Each site was planned to have two His ligands across from each other on adjacent antiparallel beta-strands. Sites were selected to sequester the metal ion from bulk solvent and place an open metal coordination position next to the antigen or potential substrates. Three distinct metal-site designs, with ligands in the variable light domain, in the variable heavy domain, and in both domains, were later implemented experimentally and shown spectroscopically to bind metal ions as predicted. These results demonstrate the success of our design approach, the versatility of the antibody structure for metalloprotein design, and the validity of the 3-dimensional model. The ability to predictably design multiple metal sites in the ordered antigen-recognition region at the bottom of the pocket allows tuning of metal ion placement and enhances the likelihood of interaction with putative substrates.
The Severe Impairment Battery (1997)

Measurement of cognitive dysfunction in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been well studied and there are many objective tests in use for this purpose. However, with the exception of clinical rating scales, such as the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, Global Deterioration Scale, and Functional Assessment Staging, there are few objective measures of cognition in the more advanced stages of AD. Given a renewed interest in potential AD therapies, objective measures of mental functioning are needed to adequately assess change in more advanced AD patients. As part of an effort by the NIA-Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study to evaluate new measures of efficacy for their utility in treatment studies, the Severe Impairment Battery (SIB) was examined in a 1-year evaluation of change across a wide range of AD severity. The data suggest that the SIB is a reliable and valid measure of progression, particularly in persons with moderate to severe AD. The SIB may therefore be a useful outcome measure in clinical trials that include patients with more advanced stages of AD.
Integrating machine learning to achieve an automatic parameter prediction for practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution (2018)

For supporting practical quantum key distribution (QKD), it is critical to stabilize the physical parameters of signals, e.g., the intensity, phase, and polarization of the laser signals, so that such QKD systems can achieve better performance and practical security. In this paper, an approach is developed by integrating a support vector regression (SVR) model to optimize the performance and practical security of the QKD system. First, a SVR model is learned to precisely predict the time-along evolutions of the physical parameters of signals. Second, such predicted time-along evolutions are employed as feedback to control the QKD system for achieving the optimal performance and practical security. Finally, our proposed approach is exemplified by using the intensity evolution of laser light and a local oscillator pulse in the Gaussian modulated coherent state QKD system. Our experimental results have demonstrated three significant benefits of our SVR-based approach: (1) it can allow the QKD system to achieve optimal performance and practical security, (2) it does not require any additional resources and any real-time monitoring module to support automatic prediction of the time-along evolutions of the physical parameters of signals, and (3) it is applicable to any measurable physical parameter of signals in the practical QKD system.
Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers Based on Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and Poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate):  Synthesis and Micellar Characteristics (2000)

Amphiphilic diblock copolymers with various block compositions were synthesized on the basis of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOz) as a hydrophilic block and poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) as a hydrophobic block. Their aqueous solutions were characterized using fluorescence techniques and dynamic light scattering. The block copolymers formed micelles with critical micelle concentrations (cmc's) in the range 2.8−25 mg/L in an aqueous phase. As the length of the hydrophobic PTMC block became longer, lower cmc values were generated. The mean diameters of the micelles were in the range 199−210 nm, with a narrow distribution. The partition equilibrium constants (Kv) of pyrene in the micellar solutions of the block copolymers were 0.91 × 105−1.61 × 105. The Kv value increased as the length of the hydrophobic block increased. The steady-state fluorescence anisotropy values (r) of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) in PEtOz−PTMC solutions were 0.292−0.302. The anisotropy values were not significantly influenced by the length of the hydrophobic block. The micelles underwent hydrogen bonding at pH < 3.6 with poly(acrylic acid) resulting in polymer complex precipitates, which could be reversibly dispersed as micelles at pH > 3.9.
[Rationale for the method of determining the maximum allowable exposure level to hazardous industrial substances adopted in USA]. (1994)

The comparison of standardization methodology adopted in the USA and in the Russian Federation showed their differences. Nevertheless the use of some methodological elements of USA standardization for RF sanitary legislation may be useful.
Routing foreseeable lightpath demands using a tabu search meta-heuristic (2003)

We investigate the problem of routing a set of lightpath demands for which the start and end dates may be planned. We call this type of requests foreseeable lightpath demands or FLDs. In a transport network, FLDs correspond, for example, to clients' requests for pre-provisioned bandwidth capacity such as fixed-bandwidth pipes for bulk data transfers during the night, extra VPN bandwidth used during peak office working time, etc. Since in some cases the FLDs are not all simultaneous in time, it is possible to reuse physical resources to realize time-disjoint demands. We propose a routing algorithm that takes into account this property to minimize the number of required WDM channels in the physical links of the network. The gain (in term of saved resources) provided by the algorithm, when compared to a shortest path routing strategy, depends both on the spatial and temporal structure of the set of traffic demands and on the structure of the physical network. The routing problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. A tabu search meta-heuristic algorithm is developed to solve this problem.