gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathology of ovarian cancer precursors (1995)

Ninety percent of ovarian cancers in the Western world are epithelial cancers derived from the surface epithelium of the ovary and its inclusion cysts. The so-called surface epithelium is mesothelium that comes to resemble epithelium as it is reflected over the surfaces of the ovaries. At various ages, but particularly in women in the reproductive, menopausal, and postmenopausal age groups, this epithelium migrates into the ovarian stroma to form inclusion cysts. These cysts probably results from a dynamic interplay of surface epithelium and underlying ovarian stroma, but can also develop as a result of periovarian adhesions. There is abundant evidence that their formation is not related to repair of ovulation. It is generally accepted that benign and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors arise from surface epithelium and its cystic derivatives because they both, but particularly the latter, have a potential to differentiate into epithelia similar to those of normal müllerian derivation (tubal, endometrial, and endocervical epithelia) and their tumors resemble those of the fallopian tube, endometrium, and endocervix. Also, both intraepithelial carcinomas and precarcinomatous lesions can be observed in the surface epithelium and its cystic derivatives. These carcinomas may arise de novo or as a transformation of pre-existing benign tumors and non-neoplastic lesions of similar derivation. Surface epithelial inclusion cysts have a greater propensity to undergo neoplasia than does the surface epithelium itself. This difference has been recognized for many years most epithelial ovarian tumors are intraparenchymal, rather than being located on the ovarian surface. More recent evidence includes the immunohistochemical demonstration of various ovarian carcinoma antigens far more frequently in inclusion cyst epithelium than in surface epithelium; and the much more frequent presence of tubal metaplasia in the cyst epithelium than in the surface epithelium. Tubal metaplasia is encountered in non-neoplastic ovaries contralateral to ovarian carcinomas two to three times as frequently as in control ovaries, suggesting that the metaplastic epithelium is more prone to the development of carcinoma that non-metaplastic epithelium. Carcinoma precursors occur in the ovary, as in the cervix and endometrium, but have been reported only rarely because they are easily overlooked and have not been searched for by pathologists.
Full-color lens-array holographic optical element for three-dimensional optical see-through augmented reality (2013)

A novel system of optical see-through augmented reality (AR) is proposed by making use of a holographic optical element (HOE) with full-color and lens-array functions. The full-color lens-array HOE provides see-through property with three-dimensional (3D) virtual images, for it functions as a conventional lens array only for Bragg-matched lights. An HOE recording setup was built, and it recorded a 30 mm × 60 mm sized full-color lens-array HOE by using the techniques of spatial multiplexing for large-area recording and wavelength multiplexing for full-color imaging. The experimental results confirm that the suggested full-color lens-array HOE can provide the full-color 3D virtual images in the optical see-through AR system.
Induction of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) CD8<sup>+</sup>and CD4<sup>+</sup>T-Cell Reactivity by Dendritic Cells Loaded with HIV-1 X4-Infected Apoptotic Cells (2002)

ABSTRACT T-cell responses to X4 strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are considered important in controlling progression of HIV-1 infection. We investigated the ability of dendritic cells (DC) and various forms of HIV-1 X4 antigen to induce anti-HIV-1 T-cell responses in autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-1-infected persons. Immature DC loaded with HIV-1 IIIB-infected, autologous, apoptotic CD8 − cells and matured with CD40 ligand induced gamma interferon production in autologous CD8 + and CD4 + T cells. In contrast, mature DC loaded with HIV-1 IIIB-infected, necrotic cells or directly infected with cell-free HIV-1 IIIB were poorly immunogenic. Thus, HIV-1-infected cells undergoing apoptosis serve as a rich source of X4 antigen for CD8 + and CD4 + T cells by DC. This may be an important mechanism of HIV-1 immunogenicity and provides a strategy for immunotherapy of HIV-1-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.
Network Slicing in Fog Radio Access Networks: Issues and Challenges (2017)

Network slicing has been advocated by both academia and industry as a cost-efficient way to enable operators to provide networks on an as-a-service basis and meet the wide range of use cases that the fifth generation wireless network will serve. The existing works on network slicing are mainly targeted at the partition of the core network, and the prospect of network slicing in radio access networks should be jointly exploited. To solve this challenge, enhanced network slicing in F-RANs, called access slicing, is proposed. This article comprehensively presents a novel architecture and related key techniques for access slicing in F-RANs. The proposed hierarchical architecture of access slicing consists of a centralized orchestration layer and a slice instance layer, which makes access slicing adaptively implementable in a convenient way. Meanwhile, key techniques and their corresponding solutions, including radio and cache resource management as well as social-aware slicing, are presented. Open issues in terms of standardization developments and field trials are identified.
The use of transition‐state theory to extrapolate rate coefficients for reactions of OH with alkanes (1983)

An error was discovered in the method used for calculating the moments of inertia for the internal rotations in the activated complex. In order to retain good agreement between theory and experiment, it was necessary to change some other molecular parameters of the activated complex. The following changes accomplish this; they are also more consistent with other, independent data.
Selecting a hashing algorithm (1990)

Abstract Hashing is so commonly used in computing that one might expect hash functions to be well understood, and that choosing a suitable function should not be difficult. The results of investigations into the performance of some widely used hashing algorithms are presented and it is shown that some of these algorithms are far from optimal. Recommendations are made for choosing a hashing algorithm and measuring its performance.
CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWS (1949)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWSMURPHY WALTER J.Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1949, 27, 27, 1921Publication Date (Print):July 4, 1949Publication History Published online5 November 2010Published inissue 4 July 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v027n027.p1921https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v027n027.p1921editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 1949 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (84 KB) SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Elastomers Get e-Alerts
Redox-Active Bridging Ligands Based on Indigo Diimine (“Nindigo”) Derivatives (2011)

Reactions of indigo with a variety of substituted anilines produce the corresponding indigo diimines ("Nindigos") in good yields. Nindigo coordination complexes are subsequently prepared by reactions of the Nindigo ligands with Pd(hfac)(2). In most cases, binuclear complexes are obtained in which the deprotonated Nindigo bridges two Pd(hfac) moieties in the expected bis-bidentate binding mode. When the Nindigo possesses bulky substituents on the imine (mesityl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, etc.), mononuclear Pf(hfac) complexes are obtained in which the Nindigo core has isomerized from a trans- to a cis-alkene; in these structures, the palladium is bound to the cis-Nindigo ligand at the two indole nitrogen atoms; the remaining proton is bound between the imine nitrogen atoms. The palladium complexes possess intense electronic absorption bands [near 920 nm for the binuclear complexes and 820 nm for the mononuclear cis-Nindigo complexes; extinction coefficients are (1.0-2.0) × 10(4) M(-1) cm(-1)] that are ligand-centered (π-π*) transitions. Cyclic voltammetry investigations reveal multiple redox events that are also ligand-centered in origin. All of the palladium complexes can be reversibly oxidized in two sequential one-electron steps; the binuclear complexes are reduced in a two-electron process whose reversibility depends on the Nindigo ligand substituent; the mononuclear palladium species show two one-electron reductions, only the first of which is quasi-reversible.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Direct Amination of Nitrobenzenes with O‐ Alkylhydroxylamines. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thyroarytenoid muscle activity during hypoxia, hypercapnia, and voluntary hyperventilation in humans (1990)

Intramuscular electromyographic activity of the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle, a vocal cord adductor, was recorded in nine normal adult humans during progressive isocapnic hypoxia and hyperoxic hypercapnia. Four of the nine subjects also performed voluntary isocapnic hyperventilation. During quiet breathing of room air, the TA exhibited phasic activity in expiration and often tonic activity throughout the respiratory cycle. Both phasic and tonic TA activity progressively decreased with either increasing hypoxia or hypercapnia. Tonic activity appeared to decrease more rapidly than phasic activity with increasing chemical stimulation. At comparable tidal volume increments, the relative decrease in phasic TA activity appeared to be greater under hypoxic than under hypercapnic conditions. During voluntary isocapnic hyperventilation, phasic TA activity decreased without significant change in tonic activity. At tidal volumes approximately double those of base line, the relative decrease in TA activity was similar during both hypercapnia and voluntary hyperventilation, although differences appeared at higher tidal volumes. The results, in combination with recent findings in humans regarding the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, a vocal cord abductor, suggest that vocal cord position is dependent on the net balance of counteracting forces not only during quiet breathing but also during involuntary and voluntary hyperpnea.
Surface Acoustic Wave Characteristics of a ZnO/Quartz Substrate Structure Having a Large Electromechanical Coupling Factor and a Small Temperature Coefficient (1997)

A substrate having a suitable electromechanical coupling factor ( k s ) value and a good temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) is required for an applications of resonator surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters and rudder-type SAW filters requiring a specific bandwidth, because their bandwidth largely depends on the coupling factor of the substrate. Although a quartz substrate for SAW devices provides a good TCF, the electromechanical coupling factor obtained is small. The author speculated that an excellent TCF and an appropriate electromechanical coupling factor could be realized by combination of a quartz substrate having a positive TCF and a ZnO film having a negative TCF. As a result of theoretical and experimental investigations performed using a 29°45' rotated Y and a 42°45' rotated Y 35°X propagating quartz substrate, an excellent TCF (≈0 ppm/°C) and an appropriate coupling factor ( k s =0.1–0.11; k s 2 =0.01–0.0121) were realized with a zero degree power flow angle on the structure of IDT/ZnO/quartz or IDT/ZnO/shorted-plane/quartz for the first time.
Runtime performance and virtual network control alternatives in VM-based high-fidelity network simulations (2012)

In prior work (Yoginath and Perumalla, 2011; Yoginath, Perumalla and Henz, 2012), the motivation, challenges and issues were articulated in favor of virtual time ordering of Virtual Machines (VMs) in network simulations hosted on multi-core machines. Two major components in the overall virtualization challenge are (1) virtual timeline establishment and scheduling of VMs, and (2) virtualization of inter-VM communication. Here, we extend prior work by presenting scaling results for the first component, with experimental results on up to 128 VMs scheduled in virtual time order on a single 12-core host. We also explore the solution space of design alternatives for the second component, and present performance results from a multi-threaded, multi-queue implementation of inter-VM network control for synchronized execution with VM scheduling, incorporated in our NetWarp simulation system.
Helicon plasma source excited by a flat spiral coil (1995)

We have characterized a new helicon plasma source with an end-launch antenna configuration. Power at 13.56 MHz is coupled via a four-turn flat spiral coil into an m=0 helicon mode with the application of a weak (B≳5 G) axial magnetic field. Plasma parameters were measured with Langmuir probes, and the structure and absorption of the helicon wave fields were determined with magnetic induction probes. Plasma densities of 1011–1012 cm−3 were produced in argon for pressures in the 1–100 mTorr range with a 5–60 G magnetic field. Radio frequency power absorption occurs primarily via collisionless Landau damping for pressures below 5–10 mTorr and collisional damping dominates at higher pressures. Single pass absorption occurs for magnetic fields less than 20 G. This source does not require a separate source chamber, and thus combines the compactness of flat coil inductively coupled sources with the advantages of remote plasma generation found in wave supported sources. The source can be easily optimized for a variety of operating conditions, because the helicon parallel wavelength is not constrained.
Pushing the limits of energetic materials – the synthesis and characterization of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (2012)

The safe preparation and characterization (XRD, NMR and vibrational spectroscopy, DSC, mass spectrometry, sensitivities) of a new explosive dihydroxylammonium 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (TKX-50) that outperforms all other commonly used explosive materials is detailed. While much publicized high-performing explosives, such as octanitrocubane and CL-20, have been at the forefront of public awareness, this compound differs in that it is simple and cheap to prepare from commonly available chemicals. TKX-50 expands upon the newly exploited field of tetrazole oxide chemistry to produce a material that not only is easily prepared and exceedingly powerful, but also possesses the required thermal insensitivity, low toxicity, and safety of handling to replace the most commonly used military explosive, RDX (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane). In addition, the crystal structures of the intermediates 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diol dihydrate, 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diol dimethanolate and dimethylammonium 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate were determined and presented.
A Novel Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 (FGF1) Mutant that Acts as an FGF Antagonist (2010)

Background: Crosstalk between integrins and FGF receptors has been implicated in FGF signaling, but the specifics of the crosstalk are unclear. We recently discovered that 1) FGF1 directly binds to integrin avb3, 2) the integrin-binding site and FGF receptor (FGFR) binding site are distinct, and 3) the integrin-binding-defective FGF1 mutant (R50E) is defective in inducing FGF signaling although R50E still binds to FGFR and heparin and induces transient ERK1/2 activation.
Changes in Cell Wall Carbohydrate Extractability Are Correlated with Reduced Recalcitrance of HCT Downregulated Alfalfa Biomass (2012)

Downregulation of the expression of enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L. ) has been shown to result in reduced cell wall recalcitrance and increased saccharification. Here we describe changes in the extractability of hemicellulosic and pectic polysaccharides in cell walls of alfalfa downregulated in the expression of hydroxycinnamoyl CoA:shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT). Xylan and pectic polysaccharides are more readily solubilized from the cell walls of HCT downregulated transgenic lines than from empty vector control plants, suggesting alterations in lignin-polysaccharide interactions in the transgenic plants. Our studies show that reduced recalcitrance of HCT downregulated lines is also correlated with increased xylan extractability.
A SÍNDROME DE BABEL E A NOVA DOUTRINA DE SEGURANÇA DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS (2018)

This article analyses the significance of the new national security strategy of the United States, as defined by the Donald Trump administration on 17 December, 2017. The article begins with the identification of what is new in this strategy in relation to the strategies of previous administrations, particularly those of Barack Obama; but also in relation to the main strategic objectives and priorities of American foreign policy during the majority of the twentieth century, notably after the Second World War, and, most of all, after the end of the Cold War. Then, in order to explain the apparently 'disorganised' behaviour of the current American president – particularly when he criticises, denounces or just disregards agreements and organisations that the US helped to establish and that were central to its project of global governance – the article sets out a hypothesis that draws on one of the great founding myths of contemporary civilisations: the myth of the Tower of Babel, which appeared in various Mesopotamian cultures, but acquired most fame through the Judeo-Christian version.
Towards ergonomic control of human-robot co-manipulation and handover (2017)

In this paper, we propose a novel method for the control of human-robot eo-manipulation that takes into aeeount the ergonomie requirements for the human eo-worker. The robot uses a whole-body dynamic model of the human to optimise for the position of the eo-manipulation task in the workspace. In this configuration, the overloading joint torques, i.e. the effects of an external load in human body joints, are minimised. In addition, the optimisation process ineludes several constraints, sueh as human arm manipulability properties, to ensure that the human has a good manipulation eapaeity in the given eonfiguration. The main advantage of this approaeh is that the robot ean potentially help to reduee the work-related strain and increase the productivity of the human eo-worker. In addition, the on-line estimation of the overloading joint torques does not require an external foree plate or sensor insoles. We validated the proposed method with experiments in two eo-manipulation tasks: human using a device to polish an object that is delivered by the robot and a human-robot object handover. The results show that the proposed method is successful in achieving the ergonomie conditions for the human during the eollaboration.
THE USE OF MAGNETIC BEADS COATED WITH SOLUBLE HLA CLASS I OR CLASS II PROTEINS IN ANTIBODY SCREENING AND FOR SPECIFICITY DETERMINATION OF DONOR-REACTIVE ANTIBODIES1 (1996)

An adequate method that will permit rapid specificity determination of donor reactive antibodies is urgently needed. Such a method could also be used for monitoring the presence of HLA antibodies in panel scanning. We here describe a method using magnetic beads coated with soluble HLA antigens that can be directly added to patient serum for efficient absorption of HLA antibodies. The entire procedure takes 45 min, and can therefore be easily adopted for use in acute crossmatching situations. Furthermore since no live cells are required for identification of alloantibodies in the screening for HLA specific panel-reactive antibodies, it can be used as an ideal complement for screening of panel-reactive antibodies. Binding of antibodies to the antigen-coated beads is easily visualized using flow cytometry. A new method for quick purification of soluble MA antigens from a pool of lymphocytes or thrombocytes is also presented.
<b>Carcinoembryonic antigens (CD66) on epithelial cells and neutrophils are receptors for Opa proteins of pathogenic neisseriae</b> (1996)

Opa protein-expressing pathogenic neisseriae interact with CD66a-transfected COS (African green monkey kidney) and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells. CD66a (BGP) is a member of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, CD66) family. The interactions occur at the N-terminal domain of CD66a, a region that is highly conserved between members of the CEA subgroup of the CD66 family. In this study, we have investigated the roles of CD66 expressed on human epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear phagocytes (PMNs) in adhesion mediated via Opa proteins. Using human colonic (HT29) and lung (A549) epithelial cell lines known to express CD66 molecules, we show that these receptors are used by meningococci. A monoclonal antibody, YTH71.3, against the N-terminal domain of CD66, but not 3B10 directed against domains, A1/ B1, inhibited meningococcal adhesion to host cells. When acapsulate bacteria expressing Opa proteins were used, large numbers of bacteria adhered to HT29 and A549 cells. In addition, both CD66a-transfected CHO cells and human epithelial cells were invaded by Opa-expressing meningococci, suggesting that epithelial cell invasion may occur via Opa-CD66 interactions. In previous studies we have shown that serogroup A strain C751 expresses three Opa proteins, all of which mediate non-opsonic interactions with neutrophils. We have examined the mechanisms of these interactions using antibodies and soluble chimeric receptors. The results indicate that the nature of their interactions with purified CD66a molecules and with CD66 on neutrophils is alike and that these interactions occur at the N-terminal domain of CD66. Thus, the Opa family of neisserial ligands may interact with several members of the CD66 family via their largely conserved N-terminal domains.
Platform for JFET-based sensing of RF MEMS resonators in CMOS technology (2011)

This paper presents an RF MEMS resonator with embedded junction field effect transistor (JFET) for efficient electrical detection of the high quality factor acoustic resonance. A homogenous single-crystal silicon resonator is excited in its fundamental thickness extensional resonant mode at 1.61 GHz with a quality factor of 25,900. This device can be fully integrated into a typical SOI CMOS technology with minimal modifications to the existing front-end process. Furthermore, it achieves an acoustic transconductance of 171 μS at a bias current of 143 μA, approaching a practical range for monolithic, low-power RF systems.