gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability Enhancement of Decentralized Inverter Control Through Wireless Communications in Microgrids (2013)

Decentralized inverter control is essential in distributed generation (DG) microgrids for low deployment/operation cost and high reliability. However, decentralized inverter control suffers from a limited system stability mainly because of the lack of communications among different inverters. In this paper, we investigate stability enhancement of the droop based decentralized inverter control in microgrids. Specifically, we propose a power sharing based control strategy which incorporates the information of the total real and reactive power generation of all DG units. The information is acquired by a wireless network (such as a WiFi, ZigBee, and/or cellular communication network) in a decentralized manner. Based on the desired power sharing of each DG unit and the acquired information of total generation, additional control terms are added to the traditional droop controller. We evaluate the performance of the proposed control strategy based on small-signal stability analysis. As timely communication may not be established for a microgrid with low-cost wireless communication devices, two kinds of analytical models are developed with respect to negligible and nonnegligible communication delays, respectively. Extensive numerical results are presented to demonstrate the system stability under the proposed control strategy with respect to different.
Approximation in LQR problems for infinite dimensional systems with unbounded input operators (1994)

IntroductionWe present a variational framework based on sesquilinear forms for Galerkin approximation techniques for state feedback control in problems governed by innite dimensional dynamical systems.Both parabolic and second order in time hyperbolic partial dieren-V ;V H
TEMPERATURE LOGGING BY THE DISTRIBUTED TEMPERATURE SENSING TECHNIQUE DURING INJECTION TESTS (2000)

The Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) technique using an optical fiber sensor is a relatively new method in temperature logging. Using the Optical Time Domain Refractometry (OTDR) technique and temperature dependency of the Raman backscattering light, it is possible to measure the temperature along the entire length of the optical fiber at an interval of ca. 1m at a time. Because it is not necessary to move point sensor during measurement, the DTS technique enables us to make simultaneous monitoring of the temperature profile of the well at a time interval of a few to several minutes. This feature of the DTS temperature logging system is suitable for detecting temporal change of the temperature profile of a geothermal well such as during injection and production tests. Recently, we introduced a new optical fiber sensor combined with a capillary tube, and are able to measure the temperature profile and pressure at the end of the sensor simultaneously. The major results of field experiments during injection tests at the Sumikawa geothermal area, northeast Japan, and the Sugawara geothermal area, southweat Japan, are as follows. 1. Locations of fractures can be detected clearly by the temporal change of the temperature. Fractures are more clearly detected during injection than recovery.. The DTS logging can show the fracture locations more clearly and easily than conventional temperature logging systems. 2. The water level can be traced by the DTS logging. The pressure profile of a borehole can be calculated from the water level and the temperature profile data. 3. Comparison between the calculated pressure value from temperature profile and the measured pressure value suggests that it may be possible to evaluate the amount or rate of inflow into the borehole from the reservoir.. To ensure this comparison is valid, precise calibration of the single-ended fiber sensor is required.
Induction of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase in murine hepatoma cells by phenolic antioxidants, azo dyes, and other chemoprotectors: a model system for the study of anticarcinogens. (1986)

Exposure of murine hepatoma (Hepa 1c1c7) cells to a variety of chemical agents known to protect animals against the neoplastic, mutagenic, and other toxic effects of chemical carcinogens results in dose- and time-dependent inductions of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (EC 1.6.99.2). This enzyme protects against quinone toxicity by promoting obligatory two-electron reductions that divert quinones from oxidative cycling or direct interactions with critical nucleophiles. Quinone reductase levels are stable in culture, are easily measured, and are useful markers for the inductive effects of chemoprotective agents. The Hepa 1c1c7 system responds to chemoprotective compounds such as phenolic antioxidants (e.g., BHA [3(2)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole], BHT (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene), and tert-butylhydroquinone), lipophilic azo dyes belonging to the 1,1'-azonaphthalene, Sudan I (1-phenylazo-2-naphthol), and Sudan III [1-(4-phenylazophenylazo)-2-naphthol] families, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, coumarin and various other lactones, flavonoids, and certain sulfur compounds (e.g., benzylisothiocyanate, dithiolthiones, and dithiocarbamates), all of which are recognized enzyme inducers and chemoprotectors in vivo. Quinone reductase induction in Hepa 1c1c7 cells therefore provides a simple, versatile, and reliable system for the evaluation of the potency, kinetics, and mechanism of action of anticarcinogens.
Web cache replacement policies: a pragmatic approach (2006)

Research involving Web cache replacement policy has been active for at least a decade. In this-article we would like to claim that there is a sufficient number of good policies, and further proposals would only produce minute improvements. We argue that the focus should be fitness for purpose rather than proposing any new policies. Up to now, almost all policies were purported to perform better than others, creating confusion as to which policy should be used. Actually, a policy only performs well in certain environments. Therefore, the goal of this article is to identify the appropriate policies for proxies with different characteristics, such as proxies with a small cache, limited bandwidth, and limited processing power, as well as suggest policies for different types of proxies, such as ISP-level and root-level proxies.
microRNA Expression Patterns Reveal Differential Expression of Target Genes with Age (2010)

Recent evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating the life span of model organisms. However, little is known about how these small RNAs contribute to human aging. Here, we profiled the expression of over 800 miRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young and old individuals by real-time RT-PCR analysis. This genome-wide assessment of miRNA expression revealed that the majority of miRNAs studied decreased in abundance with age. We identified nine miRNAs (miR-103, miR-107, miR-128, miR-130a, miR-155, miR-24, miR-221, miR-496, miR-1538) that were significantly lower in older individuals. Among them, five have been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Predicted targets of several of these miRNAs, including PI3 kinase (PI3K), c-Kit and H2AX, were found to be elevated with advancing age, supporting a possible role for them in the aging process. Furthermore, we found that decreasing the levels of miR-221 was sufficient to cause a corresponding increase in the expression of the predicted target, PI3K. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that changes in miRNA expression occur with human aging and suggest that miRNAs and their predicted targets have the potential to be diagnostic indicators of age or age-related diseases.
Solvent Effects on <sup>15</sup>N NMR Shielding of 1,2,4,5-Tetrazine and Isomeric Tetrazoles:  Continuous Set Gauge Transformation Calculation Using the Polarizable Continuum Model (2000)

Solvent-induced effects on nitrogen NMR shielding of 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and two isomeric tetrazoles are calculated using density functional theory combined with the polarizable continuum model and using the continuous set gauge transformation. Direct and indirect solvent effects on shielding are also calculated. It has been shown that the observed solvent-induced shielding variation is more strongly related to the intensity of the solvent reaction field rather than on the change of molecular geometry induced by the solvent.
Structural Design Criteria for Anion Hosts:  Strategies for Achieving Anion Shape Recognition through the Complementary Placement of Urea Donor Groups (2005)

The arrangement of urea ligands about different shaped anions has been evaluated with electronic structure calculations. Geometries and binding energies are reported for urea complexes with Cl-, NO(3)-, and ClO(4)-. The results yield new insight into the nature of urea-anion interactions and provide structural criteria for the deliberate design of anion selective receptors containing two or more urea donor groups.
Fireflies as role models for synchronization in ad hoc networks (2006)

Fireflies exhibit a fascinating phenomenon of spontaneous synchronization that occurs in nature: at dawn, they gather on trees and synchronize progressively without relying on a central entity. The present article reviews this process by looking at experiments that were made on fireflies and the mathematical model of Mirollo and Strogatz [1], which provides key rules to obtaining a synchronized network in a decentralized manner. This model is then applied to wireless ad hoc networks. To properly apply this model with an accuracy limited only to the propagation delay, a novel synchronization scheme, which is derived from the original firefly synchronization principle, is presented, and simulation results are given.
Capturing CO<sub>2</sub> with Amine-Impregnated Titanium Oxides (2013)

A series of porous titanium oxides was synthesized using different alkylamines and modified by amines, including diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), for CO2 capture. These new composite CO2 sorbents were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Their CO2 capture performances were evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor equipped with online mass spectroscopy. Experimental results revealed that CO2 uptake capacities of the titania composite sorbents increase with amine loading but decrease with the size of impregnated amines. The highest CO2 sorption capacity achieved with the sorbents is 2.64 mmol/g. It is also found that, besides the surface area and pore volume, the pore size of the support also plays an important role in determining the CO2 uptake capacity of the composite sorbents. In addition to their high CO2 adsorption capacities, the amine-impregnated titanias exhibit good stability and regenerability.
Regulation of ExoS Production and Secretion by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in Response to Tissue Culture Conditions (1999)

This study was initiated to characterize the regulation and secretion of ExoS by Pseudomonas aeruginosa during contact with eukaryotic cells. The production of ExoS was monitored by a sensitive ADP-ribosyltransferase activity assay, and specific activities were calculated for supernatant and cell-associated fractions. Time course analysis indicated that ExoS was produced after a lag period, suggesting that induction of the regulon is necessary for the expression of detectable amounts of enzyme activity. Under tissue culture growth conditions, ExoS was induced when P. aeruginosa was in contact with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells or after growth in tissue culture medium with serum. The serum induction of ExoS appeared to result in generalized type III secretion, while induction by contact with CHO cells appeared to result in polarized type III secretion. Mutants in the type III secretory system that express a null phenotype for ExoS production in bacteriological medium produced but did not secrete the enzyme when P. aeruginosa was grown under inducing conditions in tissue culture medium. These results suggest that both induction and secretion of ExoS may differ when the bacteria are exposed to different growth environments. The putative type III translocation proteins and secretion apparatus of P. aeruginosa were required for translocation of bacterial factors that mediate changes in CHO cell morphology during infection.
Image-guided sparse-model full waveform inversion (2012)

ABSTRACT Multiple problems, including high computational cost, spurious local minima, and solutions with no geologic sense, have prevented widespread application of full waveform inversion (FWI), especially FWI of seismic reflections. These problems are fundamentally related to a large number of model parameters and to the absence of low frequencies in recorded seismograms. Instead of inverting for all the parameters in a dense model, image-guided full waveform inversion inverts for a sparse model space that contains far fewer parameters. We represent a model with a sparse set of values, and from these values, we use image-guided interpolation (IGI) and its adjoint operator to compute finely and uniformly sampled models that can fit recorded data in FWI. Because of this sparse representation, image-guided FWI updates more blocky models, and this blockiness in the model space mitigates the absence of low frequencies in recorded data. Moreover, IGI honors imaged structures, so image-guided FWI built in this way yields models that are geologically sensible.
Normoglycemia after implantation of purified islet cells in dogs. (1988)

A major problem that limits the effectiveness of clinical trials of islet transplantation is the inability to isolate sufficient pure viable islets from a single pancreas. The authors have evaluated this problem, using dogs rendered diabetic by total pancreatectomy. An average of 123 +/- 11 X 10(3) highly purified islets (mean graft weight 0.75 +/- 0.1 g) were implanted as splenic allografts (seven dogs), splenic autografts (six dogs) or liver autografts (six). In the autograft recipients, fasting normoglycemia was maintained during follow-up to 10 months; onset of hyperglycemia was delayed in three liver recipients and one splenic autograft recipient at 1.5, 2, 8 and 10 months respectively. The K values (decline in glucose levels in %/min) during intravenous glucose tolerance testing were more than 1.0. Six recipients of allografts and cyclosporine (CsA) were normoglycemic when CsA trough serum levels were greater than 300 micrograms/L, although the fasting plasma glucose level was higher than that in autograft recipients. These data show that purified islets isolated from a large mammal will maintain fasting normoglycemia for prolonged periods after auto- or alloimplantation.
The expanding role of IL-7 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin as therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis (2014)

Evidences suggest important roles for IL-7 and TSLP in the pathogenesis of RA and can be viewed as potential therapeutic targets. Regulation of these at genetic level is a promising investigational area. Given the difficulty in reconstituting T cells in patients with RA, therapeutic approaches that minimize the elimination of T cells are likely to be more desirable.
Kinetic Intermediates in RNA Folding (1994)

The folding pathways of large, highly structured RNA molecules are largely unexplored. Insight into both the kinetics of folding and the presence of intermediates was provided in a study of the Mg(2+)-induced folding of the Tetrahymena ribozyme by hybridization of complementary oligodeoxynucleotide probes. This RNA folds via a complex mechanism involving both Mg(2+)-dependent and Mg(2+)-independent steps. A hierarchical model for the folding pathway is proposed in which formation of one helical domain (P4-P6) precedes that of a second helical domain (P3-P7). The overall rate-limiting step is formation of P3-P7, and takes place with an observed rate constant of 0.72 +/- 0.14 minute-1. The folding mechanism of large RNAs appears similar to that of many multidomain proteins in that formation of independently stable substructures precedes their association into the final conformation.
Burnt offerings [Internet] (1998)

We can learn much from what we name our technology. The author's latest theory goes something like this: never give new technology a cute name. That's it. Despite volumes of evidence proving we should make computers more user friendly, he still believes there's a zone you don't cross into, and that is cuteness. So if you happen to invent a new technology, be it hardware or software, then name it something generic like Word or Illustrator, or ominous like CORBA or SGML. The author focuses on Netscape's use of the ultimate in cute monikers: cookies. In deciding on that name, Netscape naively gave momentum to one of the worst public relations nightmares ever. No other Web technology has had to endure such a lasting negative-spin cycle as cookies have-dating back to Netscape 1.1. And the author believes the name was the heart of it. Netscape invented cookies to deal with one of the most limiting aspects of the Web: HTTP's inability to maintain a consistent, pervasive state. Cookies extend state by passing a small amount of data to a browser so that when the browser returns to the site that issued the data, the server can say: "hey, I remember you and a few things about you". The article presents an example of a typical cookie as it would appear to a browser in an HTTP page header and goes on to describe the elements used in this example.
The Fashion of Korean National Flag at World Cup 2002 (2002)

The purpose of this study is considering about the fashion of Korean National Flag in the point of view of sociology and philosophy. The contents are the philosophy of the Korean National Flag-'Taegk', the Great Absolute in Korean philosophy, and the historical fashion trend of The Korean National Flag. The results of characteristics of The Korean National Flag are summarized as following; 1. The Korean National Flag contains 'Taegk' philosophy, the source of the dual principle 'Yn' and 'Yang'. 2. The design of 'Taegk' has been showed in Korean society traditionally. 3. The fashion of Korean National Flag dramatically is changed after Korea/Japan World cup 2002. 4. The Korean National Flag is the strong symbol of Korean society, affirmatively, same as the American National Flag.
Traction control of electric vehicle: basic experimental results using the test EV "UOT electric march" (1998)

The most distinct advantage of the electric vehicle is its quick and precise torque generation. However, most electric vehicles developed to date have not yet utilized this feature. In this paper, two novel traction control techniques of an electric vehicle using this advantage are proposed. One is the model-following control and the other is the optimal slip ratio control. The basic effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated by real experiments using the DC-motor-driven test vehicle "UOT (University of Tokyo) Electric March".
Antifungal activity of the piroctone olamine in experimental intra-abdominal candidiasis (2016)

This work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of piroctone olamine in the treatment of intra-abdominal candidiasis in an experimental model using Swiss mice. The mice (n = 6) were infected by intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml of C. albicans (10(7)cells/ml in saline). The animals were observed daily for clinical signs and mortality for 14 days. The treatment with piroctone olamine (0.5 mg/kg) was performed 72 h after infection by intraperitoneal administration. For comparison, a group of animals (n = 6) was treated with amphotericin B (0.5 mg/kg). The mycological diagnosis was made by collecting the liver, spleen and kidneys. Data regarding the fungal growth and mortality were analyzed statistically by Student's t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), with level of significance set at P < 0.05. The difference in fungal growth scoring between the control group and the treatment groups (piroctone olamine and amphotericin B) was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The difference in fungal growth scoring between the treatment groups (piroctone olamine and amphotericin B) was not statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Micelle Formation of Phosphate-Type Hybrid Surfactants in Aqueous Solution (2005)

Micelle formation in aqueous solution of novel hybrid surfactants with phosphate head group was investigated. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) were determined as a function of temperature by surface tension measurements. The results of electrical conductivity measurements were analyzed according to the mixed electrolyte model of the micellar solution to estimate the micellar aggregation number and the degree of counter-ion binding on the micelle. Thermodynamic parameters for the micelle formation were estimated on the basis of these results. Discussion is given on the micelle formation of the present surfactant species comparing with the sulfonate-type hybrid surfactants.
A unique population of IgG-expressing plasma cells lacking CD19 is enriched in human bone marrow (2015)

Specific serum antibodies mediating humoral immunity and autoimmunity are provided by mature plasma cells (PC) residing in the bone marrow (BM), yet their dynamics and composition are largely unclear. We here characterize distinct subsets of human PC differing by CD19 expression. Unlike CD19(+) PC, CD19(-) PC were restricted to BM, expressed predominantly IgG, and they carried a prosurvival, distinctly mature phenotype, that is, HLA-DR(low)Ki-67(-)CD95(low)CD28(+)CD56(+/-), with increased BCL2 and they resisted their mobilization from the BM after systemic vaccination. Fewer mutations within immunoglobulin VH rearrangements of CD19(-) BMPC may indicate their differentiation in early life. Their resistance to in vivo B-cell depletion, that is, their independency from supply with new plasmablasts, is consistent with long-term stability of this PC subset in the BM. Moreover, CD19(-) PC were detectable in chronically inflamed tissues and secreted autoantibodies. We propose a multilayer model of PC memory in which CD19(+) and CD19(-) PC represent dynamic and static components, respectively, permitting both adaptation and stability of humoral immune protection.
Selection of functional human antibodies from retroviral display libraries (2005)

Antibody library technology represents a powerful tool for the discovery and design of antibodies with high affinity and specificity for their targets. To extend the technique to the expression and selection of antibody libraries in an eukaryotic environment, we provide here a proof of concept that retroviruses can be engineered for the display and selection of variable single-chain fragment (scFv) libraries. A retroviral library displaying the repertoire obtained after a single round of selection of a human synthetic scFv phage display library on laminin was generated. For selection, antigen-bound virus was efficiently recovered by an overlay with cells permissive for infection. This approach allowed more than 10(3)-fold enrichment of antigen binders in a single selection cycle. After three selection cycles, several scFvs were recovered showing similar laminin-binding activities but improved expression levels in mammalian cells as compared with a laminin-specific scFv selected by the conventional phage display approach. Thus, translational problems that occur when phage-selected antibodies have to be transferred onto mammalian expression systems to exert their therapeutic potential can be avoided by the use of retroviral display libraries.