gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Merging Photoredox Catalysis with Organocatalysis: The Direct Asymmetric Alkylation of Aldehydes (2008)

Photoredox catalysis and organocatalysis represent two powerful fields of molecule activation that have found widespread application in the areas of inorganic and organic chemistry, respectively. We merged these two catalysis fields to solve problems in asymmetric chemical synthesis. Specifically, the enantioselective intermolecular alpha-alkylation of aldehydes has been accomplished using an interwoven activation pathway that combines both the photoredox catalyst Ru(bpy)3Cl2 (where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine) and an imidazolidinone organocatalyst. This broadly applicable, yet previously elusive, alkylation reaction is now highly enantioselective and operationally trivial.
Electrolytic initiation of polymerization (1951)

Abstract Two new principles are discussed by which polymerization may be initiated electrolytically. One of these methods, the continuous electrolytic formation of the activator in a redox activation polymerization system, under various conditions, has been used successfully in the polymerization of acrylonitrile, but not of isoprene or styrene. The second method, based on the formation of free radicals in the electrolytic reduction of perdioxy compounds, has been tested under a limited number of conditions without significant success. Emulsion systems also have been employed in this research and the results are discussed.
AMOBA - arinc 653 simulator for modular space based applications (2008)

Tese de mestrado em Engenharia Informática, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2008
Characterization of Polysaccharides Using Mass Spectrometry for Bacterial Serotyping (2009)

Mass spectrometry provides a rapid and reliable method for characterization of bacterial polysaccharides. Application of the in-source fragmentation technique to promote the formation of structurally relevant repeating units of heterogeneous capsular polysaccharides and O-chain polysaccharides has proven to be particularly useful for detection of non-carbohydrate functionalities and subtle differences arising across bacterial serotypes. Here we discuss application of these methods to the direct analysis of bacterial cells allowing for rapid analysis of cell surface polysaccharide antigens and providing a basis for serological typing and epidemiological surveillance studies of human and animal pathogens.
Chapter 10. Inorganic and organometallic polymers (1996)

I. Manners, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. A: Inorg. Chem., 1996, 93, 129 DOI: 10.1039/IC9969300129
Streamline-Based Simulation To Investigate Interwell Connectivity and Tracer Transport in 3D Discrete Fractured Reservoir (2006)

Abstract Heterogeneity and complex intersection patterns make it difficult to characterize a fluid flow on fractured reservoir. Limited information and uncertainty of underground fractures can often produce unreliable results of an interwell connectivity and a tracer trajectory. Previous studies have not been able to analyze an interwell transport taking place in 3D discrete fracture networks since no method was developed for considering plate flow and channeling within the same fracture schemes. Also the conventional streamline simulation as the tool of solute transport, is incapable of extending to 3D discrete one due to meshing problem. A new streamline simulator with direct quadrilateral mesh generator is developed to determine the interwell connectivity and the main flow path on random discrete fractured reservoir. Quadrilateral grids are generated on polygon-typed fractures by constructing boundary loops automatically. Mass is transported using streamline approach on the unstructured grids. Breakthrough curve has a positively skewed characteristic, which reveals that the solute transport is influenced by not only geological heterogeneity, but pressure distribution and variable apertures. A trajectory of streamlines and a distribution of residence time confirm that the tracer moves selectively along intersecting lines or fracture planes in the direction of decreasing pressure gradient. The new numerical approach using streamline method and automatic quadrilateral meshing algorithm makes the fast analysis of interwell connectivity in relatively realistic manner.
The Climate of Job Satisfaction: The Relationship between Extrinsic Job Factors and Satisfaction among Community Rehabilitation Program Professionals (2017)

The physical environment of the work place plays an important role in shaping social climate, image of the workplace, job satisfaction, and turnover rates. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between job satisfaction and physical working environment among community rehabilitation program professionals. A total of 108 participants of community rehabilitation program professionals on the Eastern Shore of Maryland completed the Environment of Job Satisfaction Survey. The rehabilitation professionals reported a high degree of job satisfaction that correlated significantly with all six physical environmental factors. Gender differences concerning satisfaction with these factors were also found. Recommendations for community rehabilitation agencies are provided. The study of job satisfaction among rehabilitation practitioners/professionals has spanned more than half a century (e.g. Bluett, 1945; DiMichael, 1949; Stout, 1984; Wright & Terrian, 1987; Szymanski & Parker, 1995; Barett, Riggar, Crimando, Flowers, & Baily, 1997; Faubion, Palmer, & Andrew, 2001; Armstrong, Hawley, Lewis, Blankenship & Pubsley, 2008; Tabaj, Pastirk, Bitenc, M Arnold, Seekins, & Nelson, 1997; Biggs, Flett, Voges, & Alpass, 1995; Garske, 2000; Packard & Kauppi, 1999; Szymanski & Parker, 1995), with many studies being conducted during the 1990s. …
Addition of the Human Interferon β Scaffold Attachment Region to Retroviral Vector Backbones Increases the Level of <i>in Vivo</i> Transgene Expression among Progeny of Engrafted Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2000)

Absence of durable high-level expression of transgenes from Moloney murine leukemia (Mo-MuLV) retroviral vectors has been a hurdle in bringing effective gene therapy to the clinic. In this study we have analyzed transgene expression among the progeny of mobilized hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), comparing Mo-MuLV and mouse stem cell virus (MSCV) vectors, with or without addition of a scaffold attachment region (SAR) from the human interferon beta gene. Retroviral (RV) vector supernatant quality was assessed by comparing NGFR transgene expression by HEL cells, and transgene delivery and expression by CD34(+) cells 72 hr after transduction, using real-time PCR and FACS analysis. This is the first description of the effect of SAR within both Mo-MuLV and MSCV vector backbones on long-term RV transgene expression among in vivo HSC progeny in HSC repopulation assays (SCID-hu bone and NOD/SCID). After transduction of mobilized CD34(+) cells with MSCV-SAR vector, transgene expression was observed among a mean of 10% of donor HSC progeny in the SCID-hu bone (range, 0.6-43%). The predominant effect of SAR was to increase the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of transgene expression among HSC progeny in both in vivo bone repopulation models (three- to fourfold), and after long-term stromal cultures (twofold).
A strategy to optimize the signal‐to‐noise ratio in one‐coil arterial spin tagging perfusion imaging (1999)

The signal-to-noise ratio of the perfusion image (SNRperfu) in a spin-tagging experiment is shown to depend on both the degree of spin labeling (α) and the signal-to-noise ratio of the proton density images (SNRimage) used to calculate the perfusion image. When a single radiofrequency (RF) coil is used for both spin tagging and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, magnetization transfer (MT) effects decrease SNRimage, and therefore SNRperfu, by an amount that depends on the strength B1 and offset Δω (determined by the gradient strength Gl applied during spin tagging) of the labeling RF pulse. It is shown that by optimizing B1 and Gl, it is possible to reduce MT effects and thus increase SNRimage, while leaving α unchanged. As a result, SNRperfu will be improved. An equation for calculating perfusion under general conditions of such reduced MT effects is derived and shown to give perfusion rates that are independent of the strength and offset of the labeling RF irradiation. Magn Reson Med 41:563–568, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Drawing Accurate Ground Plans Using Optical Triangulation Data (2003)

Here we consider optical triangulation scanning as a means of creating permanent architectural archives in the form of accurate ground plans and other orthographic views. We present plan drawings created with laser scan data and use these documents to make comparisons with existing documents. Finally, we present a new technique for decreasing the laser scanning field time required to create plans and other views.
Endostatin Inhibits Human Tongue Carcinoma Cell Invasion and Intravasation and Blocks the Activation of Matrix Metalloprotease-2, -9, and -13 (2003)

Endostatin, a 20-kDa collagen XVIII fragment, inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo, but the mechanisms are still unclear. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), a family of extracellular and membrane-associated endopeptidases, collectively digest almost all extracellular matrix and basement membrane components, and thus play an important role in tumor progression. We studied the effects of recombinant human endostatin on human MMP-2, -9, -8, and -13. We found that endostatin inhibited the activation and catalytic activity of pro-MMP-9 and -13 as well as recombinant pro-MMP-2. It prevented the fragmentation of pro-MMP-2 that was associated with reduction of catalytic activity. Endostatin had no effect on MMP-8 as shown by collagenase activity assays. An in vitro migration assay and an in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane intravasation assay with the human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line HSC-3 revealed the biphasic nature of endostatin; low endostatin concentrations inhibited intravasation and migration of these cells in a dose-dependent manner, but at increased concentrations, the inhibitory effect was far less efficient. The results show that endostatin blocks the activation and activities of certain tumor-associated pro-MMPs, such as pro-MMP-2, -9, and -13, which may explain, at least in part, the antitumor effect of endostatin. Our results also suggest that endostatin inhibits tumor progression by directly affecting the tumor cells and not just acting via endothelial cells and blockage of angiogenesis.
High-speed flow imaging utilizing spectral-encoding of ultrafast pulses and compressed sensing (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. T. Bosworth and M. A. Foster, "High-speed flow imaging utilizing spectral-encoding of ultrafast pulses and compressed sensing," in CLEO: 2014, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper ATh4P.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
HOW TO VALIDATE MYSTHENIA GRAVIS IN THE PATIENT WITH A DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEM* (1981)

SCOPUS: ar.k
Role-based secure group communication and data sharing system (2011)

Moving data into the cloud can bring the opportunity of great convenience to the users. With the cloud, it costs less for the users to access data just in their web browsers. However, it will also bring new challenges: the users might lose control of their data because they have no idea where their data is hosted. We designed a Role-based Group Communication and Data Sharing System(RGCS) which enables the users to secure their data by encryption locally, and to flexibly control the access of data so that only selected authorized group of users can decrypt based on their corresponding role and group in a pre-defined manner. Our new mechanism provides full encryption on data, and also file protection that prevents data from being accessed by any unauthorized party, even the storage host or service provider itself. Our RGCS also applies Identity-based Key Agreement Protocol to prevent group-secure key from suffering man-in-middle attack.
IL-10 converts mouse lymphoma cells to a CTL-resistant, NK-sensitive phenotype with low but peptide-inducible MHC class I expression. (1995)

IL-10 has a variety of effects including: inhibition of monocyte MHC class II-dependent Ag presentation, Th1 cytokine production, and inhibition of T cell proliferation. Recently we have shown that IL-10 inhibits Ag presentation to human tumor-specific and allospecific CTL. In the present study we showed that transfection of the mouse lymphoma RMA (H-2b) with the IL-10 gene induced conversion to a RMA-S-like phenotype. The changes included an inhibition of lysis by minor histocompatibility or tumor Ag-specific CTLs and, conversely, a dramatic increase in susceptibility to lysis by NK cells. The RMA-10 transfectants showed levels of H-2 expression as low or even lower than those found on RMA-S. The levels of tested adhesion molecules were unaltered. Treatment of RMA with rIL-10 gave a less pronounced change in phenotype. In addition, relative to untreated target cells, IL-10 pretreated cells or IL-10 transfectants were unaltered in their capacity to affect cytotoxicity by cold target inhibition, arguing against the possibility that the observed effect could be a direct effect of IL-10 on the CTL. The expression of H-2 was partially restored by coculturing RMA-10 transfectants with class I-binding peptides. Taken together, these results indicate that IL-10 exerts a post-transcriptional effect on H-2 expression, compatible with an induced decrease in the access of peptides to the MHC class I complex. IL-10 is the first cytokine reported to have this effect and also the first factor shown to induce NK sensitivity and reduced sensitivity to CTL, an effect that may be of physiologic relevance.
Analysis by Confocal Microscopy of the Structure of Cambium in the Hardwood Kalopanax pictus (2000)

An understanding of the morphology and the developmental changes in the shapes and dimensions of cambial cells requires three-dimensional (3-D) analysis of thick slices of tissue. We devised a simple protocol using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), with safranin and acridine orange as fluorescent dyes and glycerol as the clearing and mounting medium, to examine the 3-D structure of the dormant cambium in Kalopanax pictus , a ring-porous hardwood. Optical sections and high contrast images provided clear information about the shapes and nuclear status of cambial cells, which have previously been difficult to determine using conventional microscopy. The axially-oriented cambial cells were found to vary in shape, in particular around the rays, and were not always typically fusiform. We evaluated the reliability of our method by comparing results with those of a parallel study of the same material by standard analysis of serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimens. The images of optical sections obtained by CLSM were of high quality and similar to images obtained by conventional light microscopy of semi-thin mechanical sections. Use of the confocal microscope provided a quick and easy method for visualization of the structure of the cambium in thick hand-cut sections and for studies of the developmental changes in cells from the cambium to the xylem. Copyright 2000 Annals of Botany Company
Combination of a Ptgs2 Inhibitor and an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Signaling Inhibitor Prevents Tumorigenesis of Oligodendrocyte Lineage-Derived Glioma-Initiating Cells (2011)

Recent findings have demonstrated that malignant tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), contain cancer-initiating cells (CICs; also known as cancer stem cells), which self-renew and are malignant. However, it remains controversial whether such CICs arise from tissue-specific stem cells, committed precursor cells, or differentiated cells. Here, we sought to examine the origin of the CICs in GBM. We first showed that the overexpression of oncogenic HRas(L61) transformed p53-deficient oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) into glioma-initiating cell (GIC)-like cells in mice. When as few as 10 of these GIC-like cells were transplanted in vivo, they formed a transplantable GBM with features of human GBM, suggesting that these GIC-like cells were enriched in CICs. DNA microarray analysis showed that widespread genetic reprogramming occurred during the OPCs' transformation: they largely lost their OPC characteristics and acquired NSC ones, including the expression of prominin1, hmga2, ptgs2, and epiregulin. In addition, the combination of a Ptgs2 inhibitor and an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-signaling inhibitor prevented the tumorigenesis of transformed OPCs and human GICs (hGICs) obtained from anaplastic oligodendroglioma, but not of transformed NSCs or hGICs obtained from GBM. Together, these findings suggest that GBM can arise from either OPCs or NSCs and that the therapeutic targets for GBM might be different, depending on each GIC's cell-of-origin.
Large-Scale Circuit Placement: Gap and Promise (2003)

Placement is one of the most important steps in the RTL-to-GDSII synthesis process, as it directly defines the interconnects, which have become the bottleneck in circuit and system performance in deep submicron technologies. The placement problem has been studied extensively in the past 30 years. However, recent studies show that existing placement solutions are surprisingly far from optimal. The first part of this tutorial summarizes results from recent optimality and scalability studies of existing placement tools. These studies show that the results of leading placement tools from both industry and academia may be up to 50% to 150% away from optimal in total wirelength. If such a gap can be closed, the corresponding performance improvement will be equivalent to several technology-generation advancements. The second part of the tutorial highlights the recent progress on large-scale circuit placement, including techniques for wire-length minimization, routability optimization, and performance optimization.
Integrating DNA strand-displacement circuitry with DNA tile self-assembly (2013)

DNA nanotechnology has emerged as a reliable and programmable way of controlling matter at the nanoscale through the specificity of Watson-Crick base pairing, allowing both complex self-assembled structures with nanometer precision and complex reaction networks implementing digital and analog behaviors. Here we show how two well-developed frameworks, DNA tile self-assembly and DNA strand-displacement circuits, can be systematically integrated to provide programmable kinetic control of self-assembly. We demonstrate the triggered and catalytic isothermal self-assembly of DNA nanotubes over 10 μm long from precursor DNA double-crossover tiles activated by an upstream DNA catalyst network. Integrating more sophisticated control circuits and tile systems could enable precise spatial and temporal organization of dynamic molecular structures.
An Accurate and Easily Implemented Method of Modeling Loudspeaker Array Coverage (1984)

On presente un procede pour modeliser un reseau de haut-parleurs pour n'importe quelle configuration de salle
EL ARTESANO MEDIEVAL Y LA ICONOGRAFÍA EN LOS SIGLOS DEL ROMÁNICO: LA ACTIVIDAD TEXTIL (1996)

La eleccion del tema sobre el que nos ocupamos a lo largo de estas paginas no ha sido un hecho fortuito. Hemos procurado elegir uno de los aspectos mas significativos de aquel momento historico y con mayor incidencia social, cultural y artistica del medievo. Por ese motivo, no va a ser esta una exposicion cerrada, acabada, sino mas bien la presentacion de una serie de fenomenos polifaceticos sin los cuales no podriamos entender, en su amplitud, el hecho artistico, ni profundizar en el conocimiento de la obra textil (…)
Gut Hormones in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1983)

We have studied fasting levels and the response to a standard test breakfast of blood glucose and several gut hormones in 24 patients with ulcerative colitis, in 14 patients with Crohn's disease, and in 14 healthy control subjects. Patients with ulcerative colitis had significantly elevated fasting human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) concentrations, and both basal and postprandial levels of gastrin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and motilin were greater than normal. In contrast, patients with Crohn's disease had normal gastrin levels but had increased fasting and postprandial levels of GIP and motilin and, in addition, of enteroglucagon, compared with controls. These patients also had greater than normal HPP concentrations 30 min after the breakfast. Normal levels of insulin, pancreatic glucagon, neurotensin, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were found in both groups of patients. Much remains to be known about the pathophysiology of these two debilitating diseases, and the abnormal release of gut hormones may be of importance.
A framework for knowledge-based temporal abstraction (1997)

A new domain-independent knowledge-based inference structure is presented, specific to the task of abstracting higher-level concepts from time-stamped data. The framework includes a model of time, parameters, events and contexts. A formal specification of a domain's temporal abstraction knowledge supports acquisition, maintenance, reuse and sharing of that knowledge. The knowledge-based temporal abstraction method decomposes the temporal abstraction task into five subtasks. These subtasks are solved by five domain-independent temporal abstraction mechanisms. The temporal abstraction mechanisms depend on four domain-specific knowledge types: structural, classification (functional), temporal semantic (logical) and temporal dynamic (probabilistic) knowledge. Domain values for all knowledge types are specified when a temporal abstraction system is developed. The knowledge-based temporal abstraction method has been implemented in the RÉSUMÉ system and has been evaluated in several clinical domains (protocol-based care, monitoring of children's growth and therapy of diabetes) and in an engineering domain (monitoring of traffic control), with encouraging results.
A Macrocyclization of (2R)-2-(N,N-Ditosylimido) -3-butenyl methyl malonate by Using Palladium Catalyst (2000)

Upon Pd(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction of (2R)-2-(N,N-ditosylimido)-3-butenyl methyl malonate (4) which was selected for the total synthesis of A-factor, (3R)-2-(6-methylheptanoyl)-3-hydroxy methyl-4-buttinolide (1), an unexpected 14-membered cyclic compound, bis(2-methoxycabonyl-(4E)-hexenolide) (15) was obtained. The structure of this compound was conformed by X-ray crystallography. This result implies that this method can be applied the synthesis of various size of symmetrical macrocyclic compounds.
5-Fluorouracil and Alpha-Interferon in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1996)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, and no effective systematic therapy currently exists. Recombinant alpha-interferon (IFN) has been suggested to have some antitumor efficacy in this illness, and synergism with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been reported in several gastrointestinal malignancies. We therefore treated 10 patients with advanced HCC with combination therapy consisting of 5-FU 750/mg/m(2) weekly and IFN 9 X 10(6) units three times weekly. Toxicity was substantial in this cirrhotic population, and included mucositis as well as neurologic and hematologic side effects. There were no sustained antitumor responses. Median survival among this heavily pretreated population was 10 months. We were therefore unable to demonstrate any significant benefit to treatment with 5-FU and IFN in patients with HCC.