gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of prostaglandin E2, cAMP, and vasopressin in lithium-induced polyuria (1988)

The involvement of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), and vasopressin in lithium-induced polyuria was investigated in rats. Administration of LiCl (4 mmol/kg body wt) for 7 days induced a marked polyuria with a significant excretion of urinary PGE2. Administration of indomethacin (IND, 5 mg/kg body wt) for 4 days to lithium-induced diabetes insipidus (LiDI) rats diminished urine volume by 80% and urinary PGE2 by 85%. The in vitro data of the intact rat kidney showed that lithium stimulated arginine vasopressin (AVP)-induced PGE2 production and suggested that PGE2 suppressed cAMP synthesis in rat renal medulla. The AVP-induced PGE2 synthesis was greater and the AVP-stimulated cAMP production lower in the LiDI rat kidney in vitro. Interference of the vasopressin-associated cAMP system and the increased PGE2 synthesis in the kidney may be involved in the development of LiDI. The reduced cAMP production in the LiDI rat kidney might be partly due to the increased PGE2 synthesis. In LiDI rats plasma vasopressin increased, whereas AVP concentration in the hypothalamus and the neurohypophysis significantly decreased. It is postulated that lithium stimulates vasopressin release from the central nervous system and that elevated plasma vasopressin potentiates PGE2 production in the kidney synergistically with lithium.
Hereditary hypophosphatasia and hyperphosphatasia (1994)

Hereditary hypophosphatasia and hyperphosphatasia are two rare skeletal disorders, which commonly present during childhood and are characterized by a decrease and an increase, respectively, in serum tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity. The primary defect in hereditary hypophosphatasia appears to be a structural abnormality in the tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene, resulting in a decrease or absence of enzymatic activity. The pathogenesis of hyperphosphatasia is unknown. There is no treatment for hypophosphatasia. Treatment with pamidronate appears promising for patients with hereditary hyperphosphatasia.
Quantum tunneling and scalability of HfO/sub 2/ and HfAlO gate stacks (2003)

We present a physical model for tunneling current through high-/spl kappa/ gate stacks including an ultra thin interfacial layer between high-/spl kappa/ layers and the Si substrate. The energy band offsets of high-/spl kappa/ are determined by XPS. Accurate carrier quantization in the substrate or gate is found to play a more significant role in tunneling through high-/spl kappa/ dielectrics than in SiO/sub 2/. Excellent agreement between simulated and measured tunneling currents is achieved over several high-/spl kappa/ dielectrics with both poly-Si and metal gate electrodes. The model is also applied to analyze the scalability of HfO/sub 2/ and HfAlO gate stacks in future CMOS technology.
Studies on the effects of pulsed-magnetic field treatment on magnetic materials (2002)

We have carried out systematic studies to investigate the effects of pulsed-magnetic field treatment on the residual stresses of carbon steels, nickel and magnetic thin film samples. A test bed was constructed for complete control of the magnetic field profile. The magnetic properties and stress states of the samples were measured before and after the treatment. Results indicate that the magnetic treatment does not have any detectable effects on the stress state of the samples.
Effects of six different cytokines on lymphocyte adherence to microvascular endothelium and in vivo lymphocyte migration in the rat. (1990)

The first step in the migration of lymphocytes out of the blood is adherence of lymphocytes to endothelial cells (EC) in the postcapillary venule. It is thought that in inflammatory reactions cytokines activate the endothelium to promote lymphocyte adherence and migration into the inflammatory site. Injection of IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha/beta, and TNF-alpha into the skin of rats stimulated the migration of small peritoneal exudate lymphocytes (sPEL) into the injection site, and these cytokines mediated lymphocyte recruitment to delayed-type hypersensitivity, sites of virus injection, and in part to LPS. The effect of cytokines on lymphocyte adherence to rat microvascular EC was examined. IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha/beta, IL-1, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta increased the binding of small peritoneal exudate lymphocyte (sPEL) to EC. IFN-gamma was more effective and stimulated adherence at much lower concentrations than the other cytokines. IL-2 did not increase lymphocyte adherence. LPS strongly stimulated lymphocyte binding. Treatment of EC, but not sPEL, enhanced adhesion, and 24 h of treatment with IFN-gamma and IL-1 induced near maximal adhesion. Lymph node lymphocytes, which migrate poorly to inflammatory sites, adhered poorly to unstimulated and stimulated EC, whereas sPEL demonstrated significant spontaneous adhesion which was markedly increased by IFN-gamma, IL-1, and LPS. Spleen lymphocytes showed an intermediate pattern of adherence. Combinations of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were additive in stimulating sPEL-EC adhesion. Depletion of sPEL and spleen T cells by adherence to IFN-gamma stimulated EC decreased the in vivo migration of the lymphocytes to skin sites injected with IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha/beta, TNF-alpha, poly I:C, LPS, and to delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions by 50%, and significantly increased the migration of these cells to normal lymph nodes, as compared to unfractionated lymphocytes. Thus the cytokines and lymphocytes involved in migration to cutaneous inflammation in the rat stimulate lymphocyte adhesion to rat EC in vitro, and IFN-gamma stimulated EC appear to promote the selective adhesion of inflammatory site-seeking lymphocytes.
Structural Object Recognition Using Entropy Correspondence Measure of Line Features (2008)

In this paper we propose an efficient line feature-based 2D object recognition algorithm using a novel entropy correspondence measure (ECM) that encodes the probabilistic similarity between two line feature sets. Since the proposed ECM-based method uses the whole structural information of objects simultaneously for matching, it overcomes the common drawbacks of the conventional techniques that are based on feature to feature correspondence. Moreover, since ECM is endowed with probabilistic attribute, it shows quite robust performance in the noisy environment. In order to enhance the recognition performance and speed, line features are pre-clustered into several groups according to their inclination by an eigen analysis, and then ECM is applied to each corresponding group individually. Experimental results on real images demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has superior performance to those of the conventional algorithms in both the accuracy and the computational efficiency, in the noisy environment.
Isolation and characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies specific for gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide: association of cross-genus reactivity with lipid A specificity (1987)

Somatic cell hybrids secreting monoclonal antibodies against the core-glycolipid portion of enterobacterial endotoxin were derived from mice immunized with Escherichia coli J5 or Salmonella minnesota R595 heat-killed organisms or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Eight antibodies were selected for their ability to cross-react with several members of a panel of gram-negative bacterial antigens in a radioimmunoassay. This panel represented five genera and two families of organisms: E. coli O111:B4, E. coli O55:B5, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella minnesota, and Serratia marcescens. The binding sites for six of the antibodies were unequivocally localized within the lipid A moiety of the endotoxin molecule by using the radioimmunoassay on LPS and free lipid A. The anti-lipid A antibodies were further characterized for their ability to interact with LPS variants by using a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunostaining procedure. The monoclonal antibodies bound almost exclusively to the low-molecular-weight species of LPS on the polyacrylamide gel. These components corresponded to LPS isolated from rough strains of organisms (strains which lack O-specific carbohydrate). These results suggested that the cross-reactive component of antisera raised against rough mutants of gram-negative bacteria contain antibodies of lipid A specificity. Moreover, the determinant within the lipid A moiety of LPS may have been accessible to the monoclonal antibodies only in those endotoxin molecules on the outer membrane surface which lack the O-specific carbohydrate.
Deamination of 6-amino- and 6-(alkylamino)-9-alkylpurines and demethylation of methylthiopurines by sodium in liquid ammonia (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeamination of 6-amino- and 6-(alkylamino)-9-alkylpurines and demethylation of methylthiopurines by sodium in liquid ammoniaNico J. Kos and Henk C. Van der PlasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 24, 5000–5003Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00337a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00337a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views201Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor on the Fetal Development of the Tracheobronchial Secretory Apparatus in Rhesus Monkey (1991)

Fetal rhesus monkeys were treated with recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF) to determine if EGF can induce maturation of the tracheobronchial secretory apparatus. At 75% of gestation, EGF was administered simultaneously into both the amniotic fluid and fetal abdominal cavity at an average dose of 66 micrograms/kg body weight, by each route over a 7-d period. At the end of the treatment period, the fetuses were delivered and either euthanized immediately or after maintenance on ventilatory support for 6 h. The lungs were removed, and the trachea and one lobe of the right lung was fixed and embedded for light microscopy. The left lung was lavaged with saline, and the collected fluid was used to quantify released secretory product. Secretory product was also measured in amniotic fluid as well as in situ on histologic sections of tracheal epithelium. When the tracheas of EGF-treated monkeys were examined, the epithelium was found to be taller and to contain a greater proportion of secretory cells and a smaller proportion of intermediate cells than the control group. However, there was no significant change in the total number of cells per millimeter of basal lamina or in the proportion of the epithelial population made up of basal or ciliated cells. There was more secretory product stored in the epithelium and submucosal glands and increased quantities of respiratory secretions in both lung lavage and amniotic fluid of EGF-treated monkeys.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
857. The direct introduction of the diazonium group. Part VII. The coupling of toluene-p-sulphonazide with phenoxide ions to yield diazo-oxides (1960)

J. M. Tedder and B. Webster, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 4417 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600004417
Buried heterostructure InGaAsP/InP strain-compensated multiple quantum well laser with a native-oxidized InAlAs current blocking layer (1998)

An InAlAs native oxide is used to replace the p-n reverse-biased junction in a conventional buried heterostructure InP-based laser. This technique reduces the number of regrowth steps and eliminates leakage current under high-temperature operation. The InAlAs native oxide buried heterostructure (NOBH) laser with strain-compensated InGaAsP/InP multiple quantum well active layers has a threshold current of 5.6 mA, a slope efficiency of 0.23 mW/mA, and a linear power up to 22.5 mW with a HR-coated facet. It exhibits single transverse mode with lasing wavelength at 1.532 μm. A characteristic temperature (T0) of 50 K is obtained from the NOBH laser with a nonoptimized oxide layer width.
Familial carpal tunnel syndrome due to amyloidogenic transthyretin His 114 variant (1994)

We studied two patients from a Japanese family with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The biopsy samples obtained during CTS surgical release revealed deposits of amyloid that stained with antihuman transthyretin (TTR) antiserum. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified exons of the proband's TTR gene revealed a point mutation resulting in a substitution of histidine for tyrosine at position 114. The mutation was confirmed by PCR-primer-induced restriction analysis. Our findings account for clinical heterogeneity of TTR-derived amyloidosis, and suggest the importance of substitution itself for deposits of amyloid in CTS.
Smart lighting using LED luminaries (2010)

The target of a smart lighting system is to control light sources in an environment (e.g. home, office) adaptively according to user contexts and preferences. Literature work in this area focuses on traditional light sources such as incandescent and fluorescent lights, whereas this paper takes a step towards adopting LED luminaries. A novel illumination model for distributed LED luminary control is presented. A prototype system is designed and implemented using several LED luminaries and light sensors. Experiments carried out on the reading space use case show that the desired illumination can be achieved based on user preferences, irrespective of the existence of external light sources.
Design of ECP additive for 65 nm-node technology Cu BEOL reliability (2005)

In this work, the design criteria of ECP additives on Cu BEOL reliability are revealed. By varying the ECP additive structures and concentrations, we demonstrate how gap filling performance and impurity level of the bulk copper can influence the electromigration lifetime and stress induced void (SIV) formation. It was found that the impurity in the grain boundary could act as an effective vacancy diffusion barrier to inhibit SIV formation. However, ECP additive conditions that produce highly impure Cu was found to increase the gap filling pits on top of the sub-micron features that would reduce the electromigration (EM) lifetime performance. By proper design of ECP additives, high impurity incorporation in the wide metal line without gap filling pit formation can be achieved. The stress SIV formation was inhibited with excellent EM resistance.
Efficacy of different types of aerobic exercise in fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (2010)

An aerobic exercise programme for FMS patients should consist of land-based or water-based exercises with slight to moderate intensity two or three times per week for at least 4 weeks. The patient should be motivated to continue exercise after participating in an exercise programme.
ARMin - Toward a six DoF upper limb rehabilitation robot (2006)

Early intervention and intensive therapy improve outcome of neuromuscular disorder rehabilitation. However, a major problem is posed by considerable controversy surrounding the most appropriate method of therapy and there are still insufficient data to identify clearly the benefits of different approaches. At the same time largely still non-patient-specific methods for diagnosis and therapy are currently being used. Evidence indicates that where patient is motivated and premeditates his movement, the recovery is more effective and intelligent machines allow a broad scope to investigate these conditions. The ARMin robot is designed to assist, enhance, evaluate, and document neurological and orthopedic rehabilitation. Model-based impedance control enables the patient's effort being taken into consideration by allowing the machine to comply with forces exerted by the patient. The interaction is enhanced through a multimodal display based on visual, auditory, and kinesthetic modalities
Manifestations of Toxic Shock Syndrome in Children, Columbus, Ohio, USA, 2010–20171 (2020)

Data are limited on the incidence and management of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) and nonstreptococcal TSS in children. We aimed to define the clinical patterns of TSS at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Ohio as they relate to published criteria, diagnostic decisions, and treatment options. Through retrospective chart reviews, we identified 58 patients with TSS (27 streptococcal, 31 nonstreptococcal) during January 2010-September 2017. We observed clinical and laboratory findings that are not part of TSS criteria, such as pyuria in streptococcal TSS (50% of patients) and pulmonary involvement (85%) and coagulopathy (92%) in nonstreptococcal TSS patients. Recommended treatment with clindamycin and intravenous immunoglobulin was delayed in streptococcal TSS patients without rash (3.37 days vs. 0.87 days in patients with rash), leading to prolonged hospitalization and complications. Incorporation of additional TSS signs and symptoms would be helpful in TSS diagnosis and management.
Crystal Faces of Cu<sub>2</sub>O and Their Stabilities in Photocatalytic Reactions (2009)

Cu2O microcrystals with well-formed facets were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The surface stabilities and photocatalytic properties of Cu2O microcrystals were systematically investigated. Cu2O {100} and {110} facets gradually disappear and transform into nanosheets during the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) dye. With the increase of irradiation time, Cu2O microcrystals completely transform into nanosheets with {111} facets. The finally formed nanosheets exhibit stable photocatalytic activities. On the basis of both experimental analysis and theoretical calculations, a novel model of charge separation among crystal faces was proposed and the morphology transformation mechanism accompanied by MO bleaching was discussed. It is concluded that Cu2O exposing {111} facets can be used as a stable photocatalyst.
LAN based real time audio-graphics conferencing system (1989)

LANBRETA-GCS, an LAN-based real-time audio-graphics teleconferencing system, is presented. The environment which the system is being implemented is introduced, and the specification decisions are justified. Although LANBRETA-GCS is being implemented in a local area network environment, utilizing an IBM token ring and the functions of DOS, NETBIOS, and the PC LAN program, its implementation is much more general. The organization of the system, to handle conferencing groups or individual messages, is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Combination of the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib and the WEE1 Inhibitor AZD1775 as a New Therapeutic Option for Small Cell Lung Cancer (2018)

<b>Purpose:</b> Introduced in 1987, platinum-based chemotherapy remains standard of care for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a most aggressive, recalcitrant tumor. Prominent barriers to progress are paucity of tumor tissue to identify drug targets and patient-relevant models to interrogate novel therapies. Following our development of circulating tumor cell patient-derived explants (CDX) as models that faithfully mirror patient disease, here we exploit CDX to examine new therapeutic options for SCLC.<b>Experimental Design:</b> We investigated the efficacy of the PARP inhibitor olaparib alone or in combination with the WEE1 kinase inhibitor AZD1775 in 10 phenotypically distinct SCLC CDX <i>in vivo</i> and/or <i>ex vivo</i> These CDX represent chemosensitive and chemorefractory disease including the first reported paired CDX generated longitudinally before treatment and upon disease progression.<b>Results:</b> There was a heterogeneous depth and duration of response to olaparib/AZD1775 that diminished when tested at disease progression. However, efficacy of this combination consistently exceeded that of cisplatin/etoposide, with cures in one CDX model. Genomic and protein analyses revealed defects in homologous recombination repair genes and oncogenes that induce replication stress (such as MYC family members), predisposed CDX to combined olaparib/AZD1775 sensitivity, although universal predictors of response were not noted.<b>Conclusions:</b> These preclinical data provide a strong rationale to trial this combination in the clinic informed by prevalent, readily accessed circulating tumor cell-based biomarkers. New therapies will be evaluated in SCLC patients after first-line chemotherapy, and our data suggest that the combination of olaparib/AZD1775 should be used as early as possible and before disease relapse. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5153-64. ©2018 AACR</i>.
New Synthetic Routes to Chain-Extended Selenium, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Analogues of the Naturally Occurring Glucosidase Inhibitor Salacinol and their Inhibitory Activities against Recombinant Human Maltase Glucoamylase (2007)

Six heteroanalogues (X = S, Se, NH) of the naturally occurring glucosidase inhibitor salacinol, containing polyhydroxylated, acyclic chains of 6-carbons, were synthesized for structure-activity studies with different glycosidase enzymes. The target zwitterionic compounds were synthesized by means of nucleophilic attack of the PMB-protected 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-, 1,4-anhydro-4-thio-, and 1,4-anhydro-4-imino-D-arabinitols at the least hindered carbon atom of 1,3-cyclic sulfates. These 1,3-cyclic sulfates were derived from D-glucose and D-galactose, and significantly, they utilized butane diacetal as the protecting groups for the trans 2,3-diequatorial positions. Deprotection of the coupled products proceeded smoothly, unlike in previous attempts with different protecting groups, and afforded the target selenonium, sulfonium, and ammonium sulfates with different stereochemistry at the stereogenic centers. The four new heterosubstituted compounds (X = Se, NH) inhibited recombinant human maltase glucoamylase (MGA), one of the key intestinal enzymes involved in the breakdown of glucose oligosaccharides in the small intestine. The two selenium derivatives each had Ki values of 0.10 microM, giving the most active compounds to date in this general series of zwitterionic glycosidase inhibitors. The two nitrogen compounds also inhibited MGA but were less active, with Ki values of 0.8 and 35 microM. The compounds in which X = S showed Ki values of 0.25 and 0.17 microM. Comparison of these data with those reported previously for related compounds reinforces the requirements for an effective inhibitor of MGA. With respect to chain extension, the configurations at C-2' and C-4' are critical for activity, the configuration at C-3', bearing the sulfate moiety, being unimportant. It would also appear that the configuration at C-5' is important but the relationship is dependent on the heteroatom.
Total aortic arch replacement with a novel four-branched frozen elephant trunk graft: first-in-man results† (2012)

The graft adds to the 'frozen elephant trunk' concept for treating the arch and proximal descending aorta. Early experience demonstrates an excellent 30-day survival. Combining the frozen elephant with a four-branched arch graft increases the armament of the surgeon in the treatment of complex and diverse aortic arch pathology.