gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Skin and corneal cellular therapy using embryonic stem cells: how far are we? (2008)

Adult stem cell therapy is efficiently applied to severe skin burn patients but with some important limitations. A major challenge remains with regards to the maintenance of the stem cell’s self-renewal and pluripotency ex vivo. Human embryonic stem (ES) cells that are derived from the inner cell mass of the developing blastocyst were successfully isolated for the first time in 1998. These cells can be passaged in culture as undifferentiated pluripotent colonies and may also enter lineage-specific differentiation under the appropriate signals. Thus, human ES cells are considered to be a promising source for future regenerative medicine. Herein, we review the most recent advances and achievements as well as important challenges and obstacles that must be resolved before using ES cells for regenerative medicine of cutaneous and corneal epithelium. Recently, ES cells have been successfully differentiated into pure progenitor cell populations of epidermal lineage but future attempts are still required for manipulating these cells into their correct functionality in vivo.
Image Processing Techniques For Illumination Correction (1988)

Basic image processing operations such as thresholding are often difficult to use in industrial settings because of nonuniformities in scene illumination. However, these illumination variations can be reduced or eliminated entirely if appropriate image processing techniques are applied prior to level-sensitive processing. Useful procedures for reducing the effects of illumination variations are covered in this paper including background subtraction, high-pass filtering and the use of homomorphic filters. Hardware considerations for performing these operations in real-time systems are also discussed.
Action of Amylolytic and Pullulytic Enzymes from Various Anaerobic Thermophiles on Linear and Branched Glucose Polymers (1990)

Abstract A detailed study has been conducted on the action of starch hydrolyzing enzymes from thermophilic anaerobic bacteria belonging to the genera Clostridium, Thermoanaerobacter and Thermobacteroides . The appearance of multiple bands on polyacrylamide gels with amylolytic as well as pullulytic activities was shown to be a general feature of bacteria investigated. Analysis of the hydrolysis products of each protein band clearly demonstrated the capability of these organisms to hydrolyze α‐1,4‐glycosidic bonds in linear oligosaccharides and α‐1,6‐glycosidic linkages in pullulan. Furthermore, the enzyme system of thermophilic bacteria investigated was also capable of attacking the α‐1,6‐linkages in branched oligosaccharides. Due to the action of these thermoactive enzymes with multiple specificity an almost complete hydrolysis of raw starch and maltodextrin could be achieved under the same conditions and in one step.
The Immunoassay Handbook : Theory and applications of ligand binding, ELISA and related techniques Ed. 4 (2013)

The fourth edition of The Immunoassay Handbook provides an excellent, thoroughly updated guide to the science, technology and applications of ELISA and other immunoassays, including a wealth of practical advice. It encompasses a wide range of methods and gives an insight into the latest developments and applications in clinical and veterinary practice and in pharmaceutical and life science research.
Highly illustrated and clearly written, this award-winning reference work provides an excellent guide to this fast-growing field. Revised and extensively updated, with over 30% new material and 77 chapters, it reveals the underlying common principles and simplifies an abundance of innovation.
The Immunoassay Handbook reviews a wide range of topics, now including lateral flow, microsphere multiplex assays, immunohistochemistry, practical ELISA development, assay interferences, pharmaceutical applications, qualitative immunoassays, antibody detection and lab-on-a-chip.
This handbook is a must-read for all who use immunoassay as a tool, including clinicians, clinical and veterinary chemists, biochemists, food technologists, environmental scientists, and students and researchers in medicine, immunology and proteomics. It is an essential reference for the immunoassay industry.

Provides a unique mix of theory, practical advice and applications, with numerous examples
Includes explanations of technologies under development and practical insider tips that are sometimes omitted from scientific papers
A comprehensive troubleshooting guide, useful for solving problems and improving assay performance
Monitoring of anti-TNF biological treatments (2010)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Enhanced expression of the cytoskeletal-associated protein, paxillin, in experimental nephrotic syndrome. (1998)

In PAN-induced nephrotic syndrome there is a preferential increase in paxillin expression that cannot be accouted for by an effect of PAN on GEC paxillin synthesis. We propose that the enhanced paxillin synthesis in the course of PAN-induced GEC injury reflects perturbations in contact between GEC and the GBM and may play a role in regulating adherence of GEC to the GBM.
Objective Evaluation of Various Trade Varieties of Coffee by Coupling of Analytical Data and Multivariate Analyses (1987)

The aroma profiles of 39 coffee samples (32 arabica and 7 robusta coffees) were evaluated objectively by the coupling of gas chromatographic analysis and two kinds of multivariate analysis (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) and compared with the classification on the basis of a cup test of brewed coffee by cup testers. Robusta coffees were separated from arabica coffees by principal component analysis (PC A) and cluster analysis. Using PC A of only 32 arabica coffee samples, their aroma profiles could be characterized on the first and second principal components. The components responsible for grassy aroma and earthy odor, respectively, were clarified from the factor loadings obtained by PCA. Furthermore, 32 arabica coffees were divided into seven clusters by cluster analysis of the first and second principal components obtained by PCA. Consequently, 39 coffee samples were classified into eight groups and the result was consistent with the classification on the basis of sensory evaluation except for two samples.
René Königs Afghanistan Mission (1992)

In großer Dankbarkeit, in Respekt und Zuneigung möchte ich Ihnen, lieber Herr König, zu Ihrem 85. Geburtstag herzliche Glückwünsche übermitteln. Ich tue dies auch im Namen aller meiner Kollegen und Kolleginnen, die sich mit Ihnen insbesondere durch das “Unternehmen Afghanistan — Kabul” so eng verbunden fühlen. Eingeschlossen sind natürlich auch unsere afghanischen Kollegen, die gegenwärtig als Flüchtlinge bei uns weilen und auf den Tag warten, an dem sie wieder in ihre Heimatland zurückkehren können.
Development of a multi-location motion displacement test for detection of early glaucoma (2006)

This thesis describes the development of a multi-location motion displacement test (MDT) for the early detection of glaucoma. The test uses line displacement stimuli, which are orientated with the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and scaled with ganglion cell density. Psychophysical properties of hyperacuity motion displacement were explored and results applied to optimize the stimulus presentation and test format. Investigations included the following: (i) Optical blur: MDT was found to be robust to peripheral astigmatism. The effect of spherical blur was quantified and the implication for discrimination between glaucoma and normal discussed. (ii) Spatial summation properties: equivalent MDT thresholds were demonstrated for equivalent length of single and multi-line stimuli. Equivalent MDT thresholds were also found for stimuli of equivalent energy ( stimulus area * stimulus luminance - background luminance ), in accordance with Ricco's Law. A linear relationship (slope 0.5) was found between log MDT threshold and log relative stimulus energy. A new law is proposed to apply to MDT summation properties, giving the relationship T = KVE T = MDT threshold K = constant E = stimulus energy . This may be used to predict MDT threshold for different configurations of stimuli. (iii) Shortening of response time was observed as stimulus duration is reduced and explained by altered temporal summation properties. The results were applied to modify the subject response window, with benefit of reduced test duration. (iv) Selection of stimulus number and position was made by study of attention, together with application of the anatomical relationship of the RNFL with the optic nerve head. (v) A staircase strategy was developed. Parameters were selected by analysis of results gained within the PhD and earlier studies. Results were pooled to accomplish an operational test. Preliminary assessment indicates that focal glaucomatous defects detected by standard automated perimetry are replicated by the new MDT.
Microfluidizer Technique for Improving Microfiber Properties Incorporated Into Edible and Biodegradable Films (2012)

Microfluidics is a quite new technology platform that classically requires a multidisciplinary approach for building effective systems through the interface of physics, chemistry, engineering and biochemistry. These devices usually consist of macro-structures that are fabricated in the micrometer-scale and can be designed to produce diagnostically useful systems for potential point-of-care measurements. Systems based upon microfluidics operation possess a unique set of potential advantages, such as reduction in reagent cost, enhancement of assay speed, potential for mass production of devices at low cost and the ability to integrate several processing steps into a single system (i.e., size control)
Using the active object model to implement multi-agent systems (2002)

The authors discuss the implementation and run-time support for multi-agent systems (MAS). They start presenting MAS in the context of open distributed processing (ODP). Next, a model of a cognitive agent being currently developed at LIFIA is detailed. Taking this model as reference, the authors examine alternatives for supporting cognitive agents in distributed and heterogeneous environments. Finally, a distributed processing tool developed by the authors is presented. This tool follows the active object model and it is shown that active object and agent are strongly related concepts.
Performance analysis of piezoelectric cantilever bending actuators (1998)

Abstract Bimorph and unimorph are two typical bending mode actuators, either consisting two piezoelectric layers or one piezoelectric layer and one elastic layer. In the case of bimorph actuator, when an electric field is applied to the piezoelectric layers, one layer expands while the other contract along length direction, producing a pure bending deformation. In unimorph actuator, when piezoelectric layer is driven to expand or contract, the elastic layer will resist this dimension change, both bending and stretching deformation will be resulted. These actuators can generates very large tip displacement, in the range of tens micron to several millimeters, depending on the geometrical dimensions of actuators. In this paper, to describe the performance of cantilever bimorph/unimorph actuators in quasi-static driving condition, analytical expressions are derived to relate bending resonance frequency, tip deflection, blocking force and equivalent moment with actuator geometrical dimensions. Young's modulus, densities and piezoelectric coefficients. Comparison is made between bimorph and unimorph actuator and the effect of metal layer on bimorph/unimorph actuator performance is also discussed.
Physical Modeling Synthesis Update (1996)

Recent research in physical modeling of musical instruments for purposes of sound synthesis is reviewed. Recent references, results, and outstanding problems are highlighted for models of strings, winds, brasses, percussion, and acoustic spaces. Emphasis is placed on digital waveguide models and the musical acoustics research on which they are based.
Effects of Melt Pool Variables and Process Parameters in Laser Direct Metal Deposition of Aerospace Alloys (2010)

Despite considerable advances in of laser direct metal deposition (LDMD) process optimization, there is rather limited work reported on the effects of melt pool variables on the final deposit characteristics. This article considers the effects of process parameters and melt pool characteristics on the deposition of Inconel 718 powder on a Ti-6Al-4 V thin wall. A 1.5 kW diode laser and LDMD system is used to produce a series of deposits. Images of the process are captured using Cu-vapor laser illumination and a high speed camera with long range microscopy optics, and quantitative results are extracted via image analysis. Process parameters such as carrier gas flow rate, powder mass flow rate and laser operating mode (CW and pulsed) and in process variables such as quantified melt pool disturbance, and final part characteristics are correlated and discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) are used to analyze deposited clads in terms of elemental composition and flow characteristics in the deposition melt pool. Melt pool disturbance is found to be a vital parameter in determining the surface roughness of the final part. An inverse relation between the mean surface disturbance of the melt pool and the surface roughness of the part is observed, and carrier gas flow rate and powder mass flow rate both affect the overall melt pool size. The work has implications for the selection of process parameters for commercial laser deposition processes–the speed with which powder is delivered to the melt pool as well as the mass flow rate may need to be taken into account when calculating build rate and for a good surface finish requiring minimum post process finishing a stable melt pool may actually be the worst situation.
Analysis of cytokine levels in human lymphangiomas. (2008)

These findings suggest that cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of lymphangiomas.
The Surface Activity of Purified Ocular Mucin at the Air-Liquid Interface and Interactions With Meibomian Lipids (2005)

Purpose: Ocular mucins are thought to contribute to the stability of the tear film by reducing surface tension. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different mucins and hyaluronic acid (HA) alone and mixed with meibomian lipids on the surface pressure at an air-liquid interface. Methods: A Langmuir trough and Wilhelmy balance were used to measure and compare the surface activity of bovine submaxillary gland mucin (BSM), purified BSM, purified bovine ocular mucin and HA, and mixtures of these with meibomian lipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylglycerol. Their appearance at the surface of an air-buffer interface was examined using epifluorescence microscopy. Results: Purified ocular mucin had no surface activity even at concentrations that were 100 times more than normally occur in tears. By contrast, commercial BSM caused changes to surface pressure that were concentration dependent. The surface pressure-area profiles showed surface activity with maximum surface pressures of 12.3-22.5 mN/m depending on the concentration. Purified BSM showed no surface activity at low concentrations, whereas higher concentrations reached a maximum surface pressure of 25 mN/m. HA showed no surface activity, at low or high concentrations. Epifluorescence showed that the mucins were located at the air-buffer interface and changed the appearance of lipid films. Conclusion: Purified bovine ocular mucin and HA have no surface activity. However, despite having no surface activity in their own right, ocular mucins are likely to be present at the surface of the tear film, where they cause an increase in surface pressure by causing a compression of the lipids (a reorganization of the lipids) and alter the viscoelastic properties at the surface.
Synthesis and Characterization of Bent Liquid Crystal Phases by Microscopy, Calorimetry, Spontaneous Polarization and Low-Frequency Dielectric Relaxation Studies in Bent-7 (2007)

Abstract Synthesis of the bent-shaped (or Λ-shaped) achiral liquid crystal Bent 7, viz., 1,3-phenylene bis(4-heptyloxy benzoate) with resorcinol as central moiety is reported. Supra molecular formation is confirmed by KBr solid state IR spectra. Polarized Thermal Microscopy(TM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Spontaneous Polarization(PS) experiments infer a bivariant monotropic (cooling), phase sequence viz., Isotropic → B 2 (FE) → B 5 (AF) → solid. Phase transition temperatures determined from temperature variation of Dielectric Constant (or relative permittivity ϵ r (T)) agree with TM and DSC. Dielectric dispersion reveals different re−orientation processes viz., a slow (LF∼ 1 kHZ) and a fast (HF∼ 1 MHz) one in both the B 2 and B 5 phases. Both the relaxations in B5(AF) phase follow Arrhenius shift to infer 1.12 and 0.89 eV of activation energies, respectively. Off-centred dispersion studied through the Cole-Cole plots in B 5 (AF) phase infer the increasing trend of dielectric increment Δ ϵ and distribution parameterα with decreasing temperature. Trends of Δ ϵ and α-parameter suggest a greater fall of response width during slow reorientation and a relative freezing rate during fast reorientation. Keywords: Bent liquid crystalachiralferroantiferroelectricspontaneous polarizationrelaxationsscissor-modeactivation energy Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Prof. K.Subhadhra, Department of Physics, Kakatiya University, Warangal for her help to access IR Spectra.
A General Method for Dealing with Misclassification in Regression: The Misclassification SIMEX (2005)

We have developed a new general approach for handling misclassification in discrete covariates or responses in regression models. The simulation and extrapolation (SIMEX) method, which was originally designed for handling additive covariate measurement error, is applied to the case of misclassification. The statistical model for characterizing misclassification is given by the transition matrix Pi from the true to the observed variable. We exploit the relationship between the size of misclassification and bias in estimating the parameters of interest. Assuming that Pi is known or can be estimated from validation data, we simulate data with higher misclassification and extrapolate back to the case of no misclassification. We show that our method is quite general and applicable to models with misclassified response and/or misclassified discrete regressors. In the case of a binary response with misclassification, we compare our method to the approach of Neuhaus, and to the matrix method of Morrissey and Spiegelman in the case of a misclassified binary regressor. We apply our method to a study on caries with a misclassified longitudinal response.
Engineering ascorbic acid biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis leaves by single and double gene transformation (2012)

Six genes, which encode enzymes involved in ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthesis, including guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP), GDP-mannose-3',5'-epimerase (GME), GDP-galactose guanylyltransferase (GGT), L-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase (GPP), L-galactose dehydrogenase (GDH) and L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) were transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana, to evaluate the contribution of each gene to AsA accumulation. Additionally, two combinations, GGT-GPP and GGT-GLDH, were co-transformed into Arabidopsis with a reliable double-gene transformation system. AsA content of GGT transgenic lines was 2.9-fold higher as compared to the control, and co-transformation led up to 4.1-fold AsA enhancement. These results provided further evidence that GGT is the key enzyme in plant AsA biosynthesis.
Multiple-Cue Object Recognition for Interactionable Objects (2018)

Category-level object recognition is a fundamental capability for the potential use of robots in the assistance of humans in useful tasks. There have been numerous vision-based object recognition systems yielding fast and accurate results in constrained environments. However, by depending on visual cues, these techniques are susceptible to object variations in size, lighting, rotation, and pose, all of which cannot be avoided in real video data. Thus, the task of object recognition still remains very challenging. My thesis work builds upon the fact that robots can observe humans interacting with the objects in their environment. We refer to the set of objects, which can be involved in the interaction as `interactionable' objects. The interaction of humans with the `interactionable' objects provides numerous nonvisual cues to the identity of objects. In this thesis, I will introduce a flexible object recognition approach called Multiple-Cue Object Recognition (MCOR) that can use multiple cues of any predefined type, whether they are cues intrinsic to the object or provided by observation of a human. In pursuit of this goal, the thesis will provide several contributions: A representation for the multiple cues including an object definition that allows for the flexible addition of these cues; Weights that reflect the various strength of association between a particular cue and a particular object using a probabilistic relational model, as well as object displacement values for localizing the information in an image; Tools for defining visual features, segmentation, tracking, and the values for the non-visual cues; Lastly, an object recognition algorithm for the incremental discrimination of potential object categories. We evaluate these contributions through a number of methods including simulation to demonstrate the learning of weights and recognition based on an analytical model, an analytical model that demonstrates the robustness of the MCOR framework, and recognition results on real video data using a number of datasets including video taken from a humanoid robot (Sony QRIO), video captured from a meeting setting, scripted scenarios from outside universities, and unscripted TV cooking data. Using the datasets, we demonstrate the basic features of the MCOR algorithm including its ability to use multiple cues of different types. We demonstrate the applicability of MCOR to an outside dataset. We show that MCOR has better recognition results over vision-only recognition systems, and show that performance only improves with the addition of more cue types.
Applied Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis (2001)

<italic>Applied Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis</italic> has two main objectives: to provide an overview of the influence of organometallic chemistry on homogeneous and heterogenous catalysis, and to provide an account of the principle commercial applications of homogeneous catalysis in industry. The first chapter provides some background to the subject, looking at the vital role that catalysis plays in the production of fuels and pharmaceuticals, amongst other things. The next chapter covers mechanistic organometallic chemistry. Chapter Three is related to hydroformylation and related reactions. The chapter that follows examines acetic acid and acetyl chemicals. The next two chapters look at nylon intermediates: buta- 1,3-diene hydrocyanation and olefin oligomerization and polymerization. The final chapter is about fine chemicals manufacture.