gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimized neighbour prefetch and cache for client-server based walkthrough (2004)

We present a position-based neighbour prefetch algorithm for client-server based walkthrough. This algorithm predicts which neighbouring viewcell will be needed in the near future according to the current view position of the client and prefetches the pre-computed potential visible set (PVS) for that viewcell to the client-side cache. Our algorithm has a low memory requirement for the client-side cache. With the same cache size, our algorithm offers a much better performance than the simple neighbour prefetch method. We also provide a delta-transmission algorithm to optimize the prefetch transmission procedure by avoiding transmitting those geometries that are already in the client-side cache. A cache management and entry replacement strategy is also proposed to maintain the client-side cache.
Site of Origin and Molecular Substrate of Atrioventricular Junctional Rhythm in the Rabbit Heart (2003)

During failure of the sinoatrial node, the heart can be driven by an atrioventricular (AV) junctional pacemaker. The position of the leading pacemaker site during AV junctional rhythm is debated. In this study, we present evidence from high-resolution fluorescent imaging of electrical activity in rabbit isolated atrioventricular node (AVN) preparations that, in the majority of cases (11 out of 14), the AV junctional rhythm originates in the region extending from the AVN toward the coronary sinus along the tricuspid valve (posterior nodal extension, PNE). Histological and immunohistochemical investigation showed that the PNE has the same morphology and unique pattern of expression of neurofilament160 (NF160) and connexins (Cx40, Cx43, and Cx45) as the AVN itself. Block of the pacemaker current, If, by 2 mmol/L Cs+ increased the AV junctional rhythm cycle length from 611+/-84 to 949+/-120 ms (mean+/-SD, n=6, P<0.001). Immunohistochemical investigation showed that the principal If channel protein, HCN4, is abundant in the PNE. As well as the AV junctional rhythm, the PNE described in this study may also be involved in the slow pathway of conduction into the AVN as well as AVN reentry, and the predominant lack of expression of Cx43 as well as the presence of Cx45 in the PNE shown could help explain its slow conduction.
The Role of Light in Histogenesis and Differentiation in the Shoot of Pisum Sativum. III. The Internode (1963)

Thomson, Betty F., and Pauline Monz Miller. (Connecticut Coll., New London.) The role of light in histogenesis and differentiation in the shoot of Pisum sativum. III. The internode. Amer. Jour. Bot. 50(3): 219–227. Illus. 1963.—Seedlings of Pisum sativum were grown under constant conditions and exposed daily to red or white fluorescent light or kept in total darkness. Counts and measurements of internodal cells in both transverse and longitudinal directions show that light does not alter the sequence or pattern of tissue differentiation, including the sequence of xylem maturation within the vascular bundle. Light does accelerate the rate of a constant course of differentiation. Light advances the time of division and enlargement of cortex, xylem, phloem, and pith cells in the longitudinal direction but reduces both the final number and the final length attained in all cases. It is concluded that light accelerates all phases of shoot growth and differentiation and that cell division and elongation in the later phases of internodal growth are reduced by light because of accelerated cell maturation.
Is there any relationship between serum levels of interleukin-10 and atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients? (2005)

Patients with AS undergoing HD had low serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and high serum levels of hs-CRP. These results may suggest that limitation of the anti-inflammatory response in atherosclerotic uremic patients is a triggering or contributory factor for AS.
丰田3．0L3V—ZE V6发动机正时皮带更换技巧 (2001)

上期,我们介绍了丰田3.4L卡车发动机正时皮带的更换方法.本期将给介绍安装在丰田3.4L的换代车型-1988-1994款卡车、4Runner SUV及T100型皮卡上的3.0L 3V-ZE V6发动机正时皮带维修更换技巧及注意事项.
Rigorous coupled-wave analysis for practical planar dielectric gratings: 1 Thickness-changed holograms and some characteristics of diffraction efficiency (1998)

A new and useful method for obtaining diffraction efficiencies from holograms manufactured practically is presented. Applying the rigorous coupled-wave analysis, we express each difference between the practical and the ideal as a mathematical component that can be easily integrated. In Part 1 the effects due to thickness change in the hologram layer (observed frequently after the development process) are treated. Although uniform swelling or shrinking causes a simple reconstruction wavelength or incidence-angle shift, nonuniform thickness extends the capacity of the Bragg condition matching, creating a diffraction efficiency curve in the asymmetric profile. Other characteristics of diffraction are also maintained. A refractive-index change has an effect that is similar to the thickness change. Higher-order terms in permittivity modulation create negligible effects in general holograms when used at or near the simple first-order Bragg condition.
Case 44-1966 (1966)

Presentation of CaseA sixty-eight-year-old man entered the hospital because of pain in the neck.He had been well until the previous afternoon, when there was the onset of cervical pain and stiffness that were aggravated by movement. He complained of chilliness and was found to have a temperature of 101°F. His physician prescribed polycillin (Ampicillin) and on the following morning referred him to the hospital.Six years earlier he had sustained a compression fracture of the first lumbar vertebra. During the three weeks before admission he experienced intermittent pain in the right side of the neck and the right . . .
Some Properties of the Initial Four Enzymes Involved in Shikimic Acid Biosynthesis in Tea Plant (1979)

Journal Article Some Properties of the Initial Four Enzymes Involved in Shikimic Acid Biosynthesis in Tea Plant Get access Ryoyasu Saijo, Ryoyasu Saijo National Research Institute of Tea, Kanaya-cho, Haibara-gun, Shizuoka-ken, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tadakazu Takeo Tadakazu Takeo National Research Institute of Tea, Kanaya-cho, Haibara-gun, Shizuoka-ken, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 43, Issue 7, 1 July 1979, Pages 1427–1432, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1979.10863647 Published: 01 July 1979 Article history Received: 10 November 1978 Published: 01 July 1979
MiR423-5p As a Circulating Biomarker for Heart Failure (2010)

Rationale : Aberrant expression profiles of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described in various diseases and provide high sensitivity and specificity. We explored circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers in patients with heart failure (HF). Objective : The goal of this study was to determine whether miRNAs allow to distinguish clinical HF not only from healthy controls but also from non-HF forms of dyspnea. Methods and Results : A miRNA array was performed on plasma of 12 healthy controls and 12 HF patients. From this array, we selected 16 miRNAs for a second clinical study in 39 healthy controls and in 50 cases with reports of dyspnea, of whom 30 were diagnosed with HF and 20 were diagnosed with dyspnea attributable to non–HF-related causes. This revealed that miR423-5p was specifically enriched in blood of HF cases and receiver-operator-characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed miR423-5p to be a diagnostic predictor of HF, with an area under the curve of 0.91 ( P <0.001). Five other miRNAs were elevated in HF cases but also slightly increased in non-HF dyspnea cases. Conclusion : We identify 6 miRNAs that are elevated in patients with HF, among which miR423-5p is most strongly related to the clinical diagnosis of HF. These 6 circulating miRNAs provide attractive candidates as putative biomarkers for HF.
Adsorption of Polyethyleneimine on Silver Nanoparticles and Its Interaction with a Plasmid DNA:  A Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Study (2002)

Raman spectroscopy is applied in this work to study the adsorption of poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) on Ag nanoparticles obtained by reduction with citrate, as well as to the study of the interaction between PEI and a plasmid. The surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) affords important information about the interaction and orientation of the polymer on the particles. In particular we have found that this polymer interacts with the surface through their amino groups in an interaction which also involves a change in the protonation state of amino groups as well as an increase of the chain order. This interaction implies a charge-transfer effect as deduced from the strong resonant effect in Raman spectra obtained at different excitation wavelengths. The complex formed by PEI and a plasmid, obtained by encoding the HBV (hepatitis B virus) genome inside the EcoRI restriction site of pGEM vector, was also studied by SERS. The interaction between both polymers leads to a conformational change affecting both macromolecules that can be detected by Raman at different excitation wavelengths. PEI undergoes a change to a more disordered structure as well as an increase of the number of protonated amino groups. The plasmid undergoes a structural change from A-DNA structure to B-DNA, along with a change in the superhelicity resulting in a more lineal structure when the plasmid interacts with PEI.
GIDS - A system for combining RFID-based site information and web-based data for virtually displaying the location on handheld devices (2008)

This paper describes an application that uses RFID information to display location-based coordinates on a map. An RFID transponder containing the coordinates of the transponder's position as well as optional information, e.g. about the location, building, neighborhood, is read out by a specially developed RFID reader. The reader processes the information and forwards it to a handheld device, which is wireless connected to a database/intranet or the Internet. In a first step this handheld device is a Tablet PC running a software application, which processes the data received from the transponder and maps the transponder's position on a graphical output. The graphical output is based on the Google Maps environment and implemented in a web browser plugin. For this purpose, the software application uses specific scripts (implemented in JavaScript), which generate standard and custom maps based on the Google Maps API.
Breakdown voltage reduction in I-MOS devices (2006)

Four-stage strategy has been confirmed to reduce the breakdown voltage of 70-nm impact-ionization MOS (I-MOS) devices. Simulation results showed that it was difficult to reduce the breakdown voltage below -5 V only by scaling down some device parameters such as L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , X <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j,Se</sub> , and t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ox</sub> . Thus, a strained SOI (SSOI) substrate is introduced which has narrow E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> . Though it consists of pure silicon, when strain is maximized, it is observed that the breakdown voltage reaches -1.25 V, which is much lower than that of GOI substrate.
Effect of azimuthally polarized illumination imaging on device patterns beyond 45nm node (2006)

For an ultra-high numerical aperture (NA), such as that exceeding 0.9, the p-polarized component of light that has passed through a region at the limit of the NA of a high-NA lithography tool, degrades contrast because of the so-called vector imaging effect, and is therefore detrimental to the formation of optical images. Polarized illumination removes the effect of the p-polarized light component and provides illumination light composed of s-polarized light. The higher the NA, the greater are the benefits of polarized illumination. Therefore, in lithography at the 45-nm node and below, polarized illumination is viewed as an indispensable technology. We explore the applicability of polarized illumination to device manufacturing processes at the 45-nm node and beyond, with a focus on the utilization of azimuthally polarized illumination, which enables one mask exposure. The data used in this research were obtained through imaging simulations and experiments using a dry lithography tool equipped with a 0.92-NA projection lens. In imaging simulations using a lithography simulator, the application of azimuthally polarized illumination improved image contrast in resists by approximately 20% for half pitch (HP) 65-nm dense patterns. As a result, device patterns showed enhanced robustness with respect to exposure dose error; extended process windows; and reduced mask error enhancement factor (MEEF), line edge roughness (LER), and line end shortening (LES). This paper examines the results of experiments conducted using imaging simulations and lithography tools on other product device like patterns (besides special patterns in which benefits can clearly be expected, including dense (L/S) patterns), and reports the results.
An Au-free GaN high electron mobility transistor with Ti/Al/W Ohmic metal structure (2015)

We demonstrate the Au-free GaN HEMT device with the Ti/Al/W Ohmic metal structure. Excellent surface roughness 4.88nm for Ti/Al/W Ohmic stucture was achieved after metallization. The DC characteristics is comparable with conventional HEMTs and the stress performance with high voltage is better than conventional HEMTs.
Managing growth in high-risk enterprises (2009)

Chapter focuses on key issues such as funding, innovation, customer service, business technology and international expansion and discusses ways to manage the associated risks.
Bending properties of stainless steel dynamic compression plates and limited contact dynamic compression plates (2001)

Summary The equivalent bending stiffness and bending strength of the stainless steel DCP and stainless steel LC-DCP were compared. Three plates, of each size, were tested destructively in ‘four point bending’. All of the LC-DCP were significantly less stiff and less strong than the comparable size DCP, with the exception of the 4.5 mm narrow LC-DCP which was significantly stronger and more stiff than the 4.5 mm narrow DCP (p <.01). The design advantages of the LC-DCP are ease and versatility of plate application and improved cortical blood flow which one assumes promotes fracture healing. Also, the lower recorded stiffness of the LC-DCP may be advantageous in that it decreases the stress protection of the plated bone. Since optimal strength and stiffness of bone plates are currently unknown, the clinical relevance of the decreased strength and stiffness of the LC-DCP has yet to be determined. Stainless steel LC-DCP and DCP of various sizes were tested in four point bending to ascertain equivalent bending stiffness and bending strength of each type of plate. The LC-DCP were consistently less stiff and strong than their DCP counterparts (p <.01) with the exception of the 4.5 mm Narrow LC-DCP which was stronger and more stiff than the 4.5 mm Narrow DCP. In general, as plate size increased. the difference between the two plate designs decreased. If it can be shown that there is not any detrimental effect on fracture healing, the design features of the LC-DCP make it a desirable choice for most fracture applications.
Echocardiographic risk stratification for ischemic stroke in non‐rheumatic atrial fibrillation: Importance of aortic plaques detected by transesophageal echocardiography* (2002)

Background: The aim of the present paper was to assess the prevalence of atherosclerotic aortic plaques in non‐rheumatic atrial fibrillation and their relation to ischemic stroke. Although aortic plaques are frequently seen in the elderly, their significance remains unclear in relation to ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods: Transesophageal echocardiography was performed on 56 patients (age 61 ± 10 years) with atrial fibrillation. The aorta was divided into two segments (i.e. the proximal aorta that includes the ascending aorta and the aortic arch proximal to the ostium of the left subclavian artery, and the distal aorta that is the descending aorta distal to the left subclavian artery). Thickened intima = 3 mm in thickness was defined as aortic plaques. Results: Ischemic stroke was found in 14 of the 56 patients. Aortic plaques were detected in 25 of the 56 patients. All of these 25 patients had aortic plaques in the proximal aorta, and 17 of them also had aortic plaques in the distal aorta. Ischemic stroke was found in 11 of the 25 patients (44%) with aortic plaques, and three of the 31 patients (10%) without aortic plaques ( P < 0.01). Conversely, aortic plaques were detected in 11 of the 14 patients (79%) with ischemic stroke, and in 14 of the 42 patients (33%) without ( P < 0.01). The patients with ischemic stroke had a larger left atrium (47 ± 5 vs 43 ± 6 mm; P < 0.05) than those without. Aortic plaques were a correlate only of previous ischemic stroke ( P < 0.05) by multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Atherosclerotic aortic plaques detected by transesophageal echocardio‐graphy are a correlate of previous ischemic stroke in patients with non‐rheumatic atrial fibrillation.
Foxl1 is a marker of bipotential hepatic progenitor cells in mice† (2008)

We propose that Foxl1 is a bona fide marker of the facultative progenitor cell in the mouse liver.
Noninvasive assessment of the developing <i>Xenopus</i> cardiovascular system using optical coherence tomography (1997)

Studies investigating normal and abnormal cardiac development are frequently limited by an inability to assess cardiovascular function within the intact organism. In this work, optical coherence tomography (OCT), a new method of micron-scale, noninvasive imaging based on the measurement of backscattered infrared light, was introduced for the high resolution assessment of structure and function in the developing Xenopus laevis cardiovascular system. Microstructural details, such as ventricular size and wall positions, were delineated with OCT at 16-microm resolution and correlated with histology. Three-dimensional representation of the cardiovascular system also was achieved by repeated cross-sectional imaging at intervals of 25 microm. In addition to structural information, OCT provides high speed in vivo axial ranging and imaging, allowing quantitative dynamic activity, such as ventricular ejection fraction, to be assessed. The sensitivity of OCT for dynamic assessment was demonstrated with an inotropic agent that altered cardiac function and dimensions. Optical coherence tomography is an attractive new technology for assessing cardiovascular development because of its high resolution, its ability to image through nontransparent structures, and its inexpensive portable design. In vivo and in vitro imaging are performed at a resolution approaching that of histopathology without the need for animal killing.
Neural mechanisms in asthma (1992)

Journal Article Neural mechanisms in asthma Get access British Medical Bulletin, Volume 48, Issue 1, 1992, Pages 149–168, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072531 Published: 01 March 1992
HLA-Mismatched Renal Transplantation without Maintenance Immunosuppression (2013)

Five patients with end-stage renal disease received combined bone marrow and kidney transplants from HLA single-haplotype mismatched living related donors, with the use of a nonmyeloablative preparative regimen. Transient chimerism and reversible capillary leak syndrome developed in all recipients. Irreversible humoral rejection occurred in one patient. In the other four recipients, it was possible to discontinue all immunosuppressive therapy 9 to 14 months after the transplantation, and renal function has remained stable for 2.0 to 5.3 years since transplantation. The T cells from these four recipients, tested in vitro, showed donor-specific unresponsiveness and in specimens from allograft biopsies, obtained after withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy, there were high levels of P3 (FOXP3) messenger RNA (mRNA) but not granzyme B mRNA.
Identification of intrinsic catalytic activity for electrochemical reduction of water molecules to generate hydrogen (2015)

Insufficient hydronium ion activities at near-neutral pH and under unbuffered conditions induce diffusion-limited currents for hydrogen evolution, followed by a reaction with water molecules to generate hydrogen at elevated potentials. The observed constant current behaviors at near neutral pH reflect the intrinsic electrocatalytic reactivity of the metal electrodes for water reduction.
Overview of natural language processing of captions for retrieving multimedia data (1992)

This paper briefly describes the current implementation status of an intelligent information retrieval system, MARIE, that employs natural language processing techniques. Descriptive captions are used to identify photographic images concerning various military projects. The captions are parsed to produce a logical form from which nouns and verbs are extracted to form the primary keywords. User queries are also specified in natural language. A two-phase search process employing coarse-grain and fine-grain match processes is used to find the captions that best match the query. A type hierarchy based on object-oriented programming constructs is used to represent the semantic knowledge base. This knowledge base contains knowledge of various military concepts and terminology with specifics from the Naval Weapons Center. Methods are used for creating the logical form during semantic analysis, generating the keywords to be used in the coarse-grain match process, and fine-grain matching between query and caption logical forms.
DAHP Synthetase and Its Control in<i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> (1974)

Properties of 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthetase from Corynebacterium glutamicum were examined using the cell free extract. The optimum pH for the reaction was broad ranging from 5.5 to 7.0 and the optimum temperature was 37°C. Co2+ inhibited the enzyme activity at 20°C, whereas Co2+ apparently stimulated the enzyme activity at 37°C because the ion protected the enzyme from inactivation at 37°C. Co2+ reversed the inhibition of the enzyme activity by EDTA. The activity of DAHP synthetase was feedback inhibited only weakly by l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine or l-tryptophan alone, but was strongly inhibited synergistically by l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine. l-Tryptophan enhanced the inhibition by the pair of l-tyrosine and l-phenylalanine. Maximal inhibition was near 90 % in the simultaneous presence of the three amino acids. Sensitivity of the enzyme to the inhibitors was lost during the purification process of the enzyme or during the reaction at 37°C. Especially sensitivity to l-tryptophan was easily lost. Co2+ protected the enzyme from the desensitization. Mutants resistant to p-fluorophenylalanine plus l-tyrosine (or 3-aminotyrosine) had DAHP synthetase which was released from the feedback inhibition by the three amino acids. The formation of the enzyme was not affected by aromatic amino acids.