gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hand-powered microfluidics: A membrane pump with a patient-to-chip syringe interface (2012)

In this paper, we present an on-chip hand-powered membrane pump using a robust patient-to-chip syringe interface. This approach enables safe sample collection, sample containment, integrated sharps disposal, high sample volume capacity, and controlled downstream flow with no electrical power requirements. Sample is manually injected into the device via a syringe and needle. The membrane pump inflates upon injection and subsequently deflates, delivering fluid to downstream components in a controlled manner. The device is fabricated from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and silicone, using CO2 laser micromachining, with a total material cost of ∼0.20 USD/device. We experimentally demonstrate pump performance for both deionized (DI) water and undiluted, anticoagulated mouse whole blood, and characterize the behavior with reference to a resistor-capacitor electrical circuit analogy. Downstream output of the membrane pump is regulated, and scaled, by connecting multiple pumps in parallel. In contrast to existing on-chip pumping mechanisms that typically have low volume capacity (∼5 μL) and sample volume throughput (∼1-10 μl/min), the membrane pump offers high volume capacity (up to 240 μl) and sample volume throughput (up to 125 μl/min).
Solid state transformer technologies and applications: A bibliographical survey (2018)

This paper presents a bibliographical survey of the work carried out to date on the solid state transformer (SST). The paper provides a list of references that cover most work related to this device and a short discussion about several aspects. The sections of the paper are respectively dedicated to summarize configurations and control strategies for each SST stage, the work carried out for optimizing the design of high-frequency transformers that could adequately work in the isolation stage of a SST, the efficiency of this device, the various modelling approaches and simulation tools used to analyze the performance of a SST (working a component of a microgrid, a distribution system or just in a standalone scenario), and the potential applications that this device is offering as a component of a power grid, a smart house, or a traction system.
Electro-optic imaging chain for a biplanar fluorscope for neurosurgery: magnetic field sensitivity and contrast measurements (1993)

The effects of magnetic fields on the microchannel plate (MCP) image intensifiers to be used in a novel biplanar fluoroscope are studied along with the system's overall contrast as a function of beam energy. For a second-generation device with wrap-around power supply, B<sub>-3dB</sub> values for the gain roll-off were found to be approximately 0.08 T (axial field) and 0.06 T (transverse field). The maximum image shift resuiting from a 0.0035-T transverse field is found to be 0.065 mm, limited by centroid location error resulting from low-dose x-ray noise. The results of x-ray contrast studies suggests that the presently estimated 0.1-rad dose delivered to the patient (2-h magnetic stereotaxis procedure; 12% "fluoro-on" duty cycle) might be reduced by increasing the x-ray energy.
ELAV proteins stabilize deadenylated intermediates in a novel in vitro mRNA deadenylation/degradation system (1999)

We have developed an in vitro mRNA stability system using HeLa cell cytoplasmic S100 extracts and exogenous polyadenylated RNA substrates that reproduces regulated aspects of mRNA decay. The addition of cold poly(A) competitor RNA activated both a sequence-specific deadenylase activity in the extracts as well as a potent, ATP-dependent ribonucleolytic activity. The rates of both deadenylation and degradation were up-regulated by the presence of a variety of AU-rich elements in the body of substrate RNAs. Competition analyses demonstrated that trans-acting factors were required for RNA destabilization by AU-rich elements. The approximately 30-kD ELAV protein HuR specifically bound to RNAs containing an AU-rich element derived from the TNF-alpha mRNA in the in vitro system. Interaction of HuR with AU-rich elements, however, was not associated with RNA destabilization. Interestingly, recombinant ELAV proteins specifically stabilized deadenylated intermediates generated from the turnover of AU-rich element-containing substrate RNAs. These data suggest that mammalian ELAV proteins play a role in regulating mRNA stability by influencing the access of degradative enzymes to RNA substrates.
Reciprocity calibration of TDD smart antenna systems (2010)

Calibration of the rf branches of the arrays at the two sides of the link is a necessary procedure for the channel estimation algorithms of smart antenna based wireless communication systems. Reciprocity calibration is a procedure adopted by Time Domain Duplex (TDD) systems such as WiMAX. This paper discusses the reciprocity calibration of an MxN TDD wireless system and uses a termination based formulation to identify a new design constraint. An integral part of the operation of TDD systems employing smart antennas is the process of estimating the downlink (DL) channel. This channel estimation has to be done efficiently so that valuable "over the air resources" are not wasted in the process. Typically, great attention is being paid to designing a wireless system so that the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is maximized thus resulting in the best throughput from one side of the link to the other. Termination based formulations of the general MxN communication system problem have appeared in several recent works. In the present paper, we discuss the design constraints necessary for the implementation of a reciprocity based calibration and channel estimation. Ramifications of not meeting these design constraints will be studied and reported in the future.
Assessment Of Audio Features For Automatic Cough Detection (2011)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Barcelona, Spain, 2011
Proteolytic enzymes as indicators of periodontal health in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (1995)

The present study characterizes the periodontal status of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and measures collagenase, elastase and gelatinase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from these patients compared with adult individuals with periodontitis and healthy controls. The periodontal status was assessed by the Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), the Visible Plaque Index (VPI), and pocket depth. Activity measurements were performed for collagenase with SDS-PAGE/laser densitometry, for elastase spectrophotometrically using a synthetic N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Val p-nitroanilide peptide substrate, and for gelatinase with zymography. Seven of the 8 patients with SS and xerostomia showed a periodontium comparable to that seen in healthy controls. The GCF collagenase and elastase were significantly lower in patients with SS and in healthy controls than in patients with adult periodontitis. It was noteworthy that the one SS patient with periodontitis had high GCF collagenase and elastase activity. In all study groups multiple forms of gelatinases were present, indicating that they represent constitutively expressed proteinases involved in normal tissue remodeling processes. Our findings suggest that periodontal pockets/GCF form a micromilieu not affected by involvement of glandular tissue and, therefore, patients with SS show, clinically and biochemically, a periodontal status comparable to that seen in healthy controls.
Slow Robots for Unobtrusive Posture Correction (2019)

Prolonged static and unbalanced sitting postures during computer usage contribute to musculoskeletal discomfort. In this paper, we investigated the use of a very slow moving monitor for unobtrusive posture correction. In a first study, we identified display velocities below the perception threshold and observed how users (without being aware) responded by gradually following the monitor's motion. From the result, we designed a robotic monitor that moves imperceptible to counterbalance unbalanced sitting postures and induces posture correction. In an evaluation study (n=12), we had participants work for four hours without and with our prototype (8 in total). Results showed that actuation increased the frequency of non-disruptive swift posture corrections and significantly reduced the duration of unbalanced sitting. Most users appreciated the monitor correcting their posture and reported less physical fatigue. With slow robots, we make the first step toward using actuated objects for unobtrusive behavioral changes.
Homoatomic d<sup>10</sup>–d<sup>10</sup>Interactions: Their Effects on Structure and Chemical and Physical Properties (1987)

Abstract The distinction between valence electrons and essentially inactive core electrons is the basis of many classifying concepts in chemistry. However, it has recently been recognized that this is an oversimplification and should, at least in some areas of chemistry, be modified. Many cases are known where cations with closed d 10 configurations are subject to homoatomic interactions that influence structure and properties. A characteristic and surprisingly uniform structural feature (e.g., of a number of compounds containing monovalent coinage metals) is a clusterlike assembly of d 10 cations that corresponds in geometry and bond lengths to fragments of the metal structures themselves. Further evidence for a special type of bonding in such compounds is provided by their physical properties; for example, the absorption in the UV/VIS region shows a drastic redshift and the compounds are often conductors or semiconductors. The d electrons in such cases have obviously lost their pure “core” nature. All bonding models so far proposed for such systems involve mixing of higher orbitals.
Zero-bias Si backward diodes detectors incorporating P and B &#x03B4;-doping layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (2009)

For the first time, CVD-grown Si only backward diode detectors incorporating δ-doping planes were demonstrated. The best performance of curvature coefficient of 16 V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> with a junction resistance of 14 kΩ was shown. By the successful technology transfer from LT-MBE to CVD, the eventual placement of optimized CVD-grown detectors monolithically integrated with 300 mm CMOS platform to fabricate large area focal plane arrays with low cost is now possible.
Characterization of hepta-beta-glucoside elicitor-binding protein(s) in soybean. (1994)

We are studying the cellular signalling pathway leading to pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis in soybean that is induced by a branched hepta-beta-glucoside originally isolated from the mycelial walls of the phytopathogenic oomycete, Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea. Our research has focused on the first step in this signal pathway, namely the specific recognition of the hepta-beta-glucoside elicitor by plasma-membrane-localized binding protein(s) in soybean cells. Binding of a radio-iodinated derivative of the elicitor-active hepta-beta-glucoside by membrane elicitor-binding proteins is specific, reversible, saturable and of high affinity (Kd = 0.75 nM). After solubilization using the non-ionic detergent n-dodecylsucrose, the elicitor-binding proteins retain the binding affinity (Kd = 1.8 nM) for the radiolabelled elicitor and the binding specificity for elicitor-active oligoglucosides. A direct correlation is observed between the ability of elicitor-active and structurally related inactive oligoglucosides to displace labelled elicitor from the elicitor-binding proteins and the elicitor activity of the oligosaccharides. Thus, the elicitor-binding proteins recognize the same structural elements of the hepta-beta-glucoside elicitor that are essential for its phytoalexin-inducing activity, suggesting that the elicitor-binding proteins are physiological receptors for the elicitor. Current research is directed toward the purification and cloning of the hepta-beta-glucoside elicitor-binding proteins. Purification and characterization of the hepta-beta-glucoside-binding protein(s) or their corresponding cDNAs is a first step toward elucidating how the hepta-beta-glucoside elicitor triggers the signal transduction pathway that ultimately leads to the synthesis of phytoalexins in soybean.
MALDI TOF mass spectrometry: an emerging platform for genomics and diagnostics (2001)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry has become, in recent years, a tool of choice for large molecule analyses. The platform is ideal for analysis of protein and nucleic acid sequence, structure and purity. MALDI TOF is the method of choice for quality assurance in oligo and peptide synthesis. Exact mass measurements along with signal intensity detection provide a high level of quality assurance as to the accuracy of the measurement. This accuracy has the potential to significantly lower the level of indeterminate assays that require retest.
VI.—The Rhætic Rocks of Warwickshire (1912)

The distribution of the Rhætic rocks in Warwickshire is not represented on the existing Geological Survey maps because at the time that the survey was made their distinctness from the Lower Lias was not appreciated, and therefore they were represented by the same colour.
Towards Privacy-Preserving XML Transformation (2011)

In composite web services one can only either hide the identities of the participants or provide end-to-end confidentiality via encryption. For a designer of inter-organizational business processes this implies that she either needs to reveal her suppliers or force her customers to reveal their information. In this paper we present a solution to the encrypted data modification problem and reconciliate this apparent conflict. Using a generic sender-transformer-recipient example scenario, we illustrate the steps required for applying XML transformations to encrypted data, present the cryptographic building blocks, and give an outlook on advantages and weaknesses of the proposed encryption scheme. The transformer is then able to offer composite services without itself learning the content of the messages.
Equivalent Frame Analysis For Slab Design (1970)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
Holographic interferometry for rotating object (1970)

A holography device incorporating an optical system including a semireflecting mirror disposed vertically with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft of a rotating object for producing a double-exposure hologram of the rotating object at different speeds of rotation, thereby enabling the interference measurement of a variation occurring in the configuration of the rotating object with the variation in its speed of rotation.
Valid Existing Rights in SMCRA (1990)

If one counts all the costs associated with the SMCRA VER controversy from its 1977 birth to the present, including costs associated with administrative regulation, court challenges, academic debates, citizens participation, industry defense and media coverage, the ludicrousness of the controversy astounds even the hardest-core bureaucrat.All of this may be a purely academic exercise if the applicable statute of limitations on takings claims has expired.See note 160 and accompanying text, infra.SMCRA 522(e), 30 U.S.C. 1272
Multifunctional Porous Silicon for Therapeutic Drug Delivery and Imaging (2011)

Major challenges in drug formulation are the poor solid state stability of drug molecules, poor dissolution/solubility and/or poor pharmacokinetic properties (bioavailability), which may lead to unreliable in vitro-in vivo (IVIV) correlation. To improve current therapeutical strategies, novel means to deliver poorly water soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients, as well as to target them to specific sites or cells in the body are needed. Biomedical applications of porous silicon (PSi) have been actively investigated during the last 10 years, especially in the areas of drug delivery and imaging, due to the biocompatibility and biodegradability of PSi materials, which makes them a potential candidate for controlled drug release. In addition, the unique pore sizes and easily functionalized surface properties of PSi materials allow high drug payloads and controlled kinetics from the drug release formulations. Modification of the PSi surface properties also facilitates biofunctionalization of the surface and the possibility to attach targeting moieties (e.g., antibodies and peptides), thus enabling effective targeting of the payload. In this review, we briefly address the production methodologies of PSi, and we will mainly present and discuss several examples about the biocompatibility of PSi, the most recent in vitro and in vivo applications of PSi as a carrier in drug/protein/peptide delivery and tissue engineering, as well as PSi as a platform for drug targeting and imaging.
Rat pancreatic ribonuclease messenger RNA. The nucleotide sequence of the entire mRNA and the derived amino acid sequence of the pre-enzyme. (1982)

We have cloned via recombinant DNA technology the mRNA sequence of rat pancreatic ribonuclease, and have determined the entire nucleotide sequence of the mature message. Clones bearing RNase sequences within a double-stranded complementary DNA library of rat pancreatic mRNA were initially detected by hybridization with size-fractionated rat pancreatic polyadenylated RNA that included mRNA 0.85 to 1.0 kilobase in length. Recombinant plasmids bearing RNase mRNA sequences were conclusively identified by comparison of the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein with the known amino acid sequence of rat RNase. RNase mRNA is 783 nucleotides in length, plus a poly(a) tail with an average length of 140 nucleotides, and contains long 5' and 3' noncoding regions relative to other pancreatic mRNAs. It encodes a secretory preRNase of 152 amino acid residues including a signal peptide of 25 amino acids.
Epitaxial perovskite thin films grown on silicon by molecular beam epitaxy (2000)

Thin film perovskite-type oxide SrTiO3 has been grown epitaxially on Si(001) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. Reflection high energy electron diffraction and x-ray diffraction analysis indicate high quality SrTiO3 heteroepitaxy on Si substrate with SrTiO3(001)//Si(001) and SrTiO3[010]//Si[110]. The SrTiO3 surface is atomically as smooth as the starting substrate surface, with a root mean square roughness of 1.2 Å observed by atomic force microscopy. The thickness of the amorphous interfacial layer between SrTiO3 and Si has been engineered to minimize the device short channel effect. An effective oxide thickness &lt;10 Å has been obtained for a 110 Å thick dielectric film. The interface state density between SrTiO3 and Si is 6.4×1010 cm−2 eV−1, and the inversion layer carrier mobilities are 221 and 62 cm2 V−1 s−1 for n- and p-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor devices with 1.2 μm effective channel length, respectively. The gate leakage in these devices is two orders of magnitude smaller than a comparable SiO2 gate dielectric metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors.
A DNA prime‐live vaccine boost strategy in mice can augment IFN‐γ responses to mycobacterial antigens but does not increase the protective efficacy of two attenuated strains of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> against bovine tuberculosis (2003)

The Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has variable efficacy for both human and bovine tuberculosis. There is a need for improved vaccines or vaccine strategies for control of these diseases. A recently developed prime-boost strategy was investigated for vaccination against M. bovis infection in mice. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were primed with a DNA vaccine, expressing two mycobacterial antigens, ESAT-6 and antigen 85 A and boosted with attenuated M. bovis strains, BCG or WAg520, a newly attenuated strain, prior to aerosol challenge. Before challenge, the antigen-specific production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was evaluated by ELISPOT and antibody responses were measured. The prime-boost stimulated an increase in the numbers of IFN-gamma producing cells compared with DNA or live vaccination alone, but this varied according to the attenuated vaccine strain, time of challenge and the strain of mouse used. Animals vaccinated with DNA alone generated the strongest antibody response to mycobacterial antigens, which was predominantly IgG1. BCG and WAg520 alone generally gave a 1-2 log10 reduction in bacterial load in lungs or spleen, compared to non-vaccinated or plasmid DNA only control groups. The prime-boost regimen was not more effective than BCG or WAg520 alone. These observations demonstrate the comparable efficacy of BCG and WAg520 in a mouse model of bovine tuberculosis. However, priming with the DNA vaccine and boosting with an attenuated M. bovis vaccine enhanced IFN-gamma immune responses compared to vaccinating with an attenuated M. bovis vaccine alone, but did not increase protection against a virulent M. bovis infection.
Myosin Heavy Chain Expression in Contracting Myocytes Isolated During Embryonic Stem Cell Cardiogenesis (1995)

Abstract Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are totipotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation blastocyst and are capable of differentiating in vitro into cardiac myocytes. Attached cultures of differentiating ES cells were established to document the timing of contractile development by microscopic observation and to permit the microdissection of cardiac myocytes from culture. The onset of spontaneous contraction varied markedly in differentiation culture, with contraction being maintained on average for 9 days (range, 1 to 75 days). Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy showed that myosin expression was localized to the contracting cardiac myocytes in culture. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression in microdissected ES cell–derived cardiac myocytes was determined by means of sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The distribution of MHC isoform expression in isolated ES cell cardiac myocytes was as follows: 27% expressed the β-MHC isoform, 33% expressed both the α- and β-MHC isoforms, and 40% expressed the α-MHC isoform. MHC phenotype was correlated to the duration of continuous contractile activity of the myocytes. Myocytes that had just initiated spontaneous contractile activity predominantly expressed the β-MHC (average days of contraction before isolation, 2.5±0.7). The α-MHC isoform was detected after more prolonged contractile activity in vitro (1 to 5 weeks). A strong correlation was obtained between MHC phenotype and days of contraction of the cardiac myocyte preparations isolated from ES cell cultures ( r =.93). The apparent transition in MHC isoform expression during ES cell differentiation parallels the β- to α-MHC isoform transition characteristic of murine cardiac development in vivo. These findings are evidence that ES cell cardiac myocyte differentiation follows the normal developmental program of murine cardiogenesis.
Development of the Skin Treatment Unit using Low Temperature Plasma (2014)

의료기기중 체외에서 인체로 물리적 에너지를 가하거나 그 의료기기의 에너지를 이용하여 인체의 화학적 변화를 이용하여 치료를 하는 것은 고도의 신뢰성과 안정성이 요구된다. 특히 인체의 모든 부분 중 가장 외부로 노출되어있는 피부에 대한 치료는 매우 중요 하다고 할 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 보았을 때 피부 치료 시 발생 할 수 있는 모든 위험 요소를 줄이고 치료의 효과를 극대화 할 수 있는 장비의 개발은 높은 치료 효과와 안전성 확보를 위하여 반드시 필요하다고 할 것이다. Among the medical devices, medical treatments inflicting physical energy from the outside of the body to the inside or using the energy from the devices which take advantages of chemical changes of the human body require a high degree of reliability and safety. In particular, the medical treatment on the most exposed skin to the external surface in all parts of the human body will be very important. In this perspective, when you undergo skin treatment, you need to reduce all risks and to maximize the effect of treatment equipment. Therefore, the development of equipment which guarantees high therapeutic efficacy and safety is essential.