gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical and pharmacological studies of interferon and chemotherapy in gastrointestinal and breast cancer. (1993)

Chondroprotection is a somewhat new field in the therapy of osteoarthritis, which is designed to improve cartilage repair as well as enhance joint remodeling. It clearly results from both laboratory models as well as from studies on human osteoarthritis, that cartilage contains biological resources to meet the repair of degenerative injuries and inflammation. Interestingly, sulfated glycosaminoglycans from matrix inhibit leukocyte protease and complement-mediated immunological reactions. By fractioning cartilage glycosaminoglycans from Selachus (Matrix), evidence has been obtained that a proper chondroitinsulfate sequence, which is able to inhibit elastase, may be released from cartilage proteoglycans by cleavage of the xyl-ser O-glycosidic bond. Since a number of sulfated glycosaminoglycans have a regulatory function in an array of tissues, attention is drawn to possible regulatory properties of selected sequences of matrix chondroitinsulfate, as far as chondroprotection is concerned.
The prevention of nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors by <i>d</i>-limonene and orange oil (1989)

The monocyclic monoterpenoid d-limonene and its source, orange oil, were found to prevent rat mammary carcinomas induced by the direct-acting carcinogen nitrosomethylurea. This chemopreventive effect was limited to the promotion/progression stage in this carcinogenesis model.
Estimation of GMM in voice conversion including unaligned data (2003)

Voice conversion consists in transforming a source speaker voice into a target speaker voice. There are many applications of voice conversion systems where the amount of training data from the source speaker and the target speaker is different. Usually, the amount of source data available is large, but it is desired to estimate the transformation with a small amount of target data. Systems based on joint Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) are well suited to voice conversion [1], but they can’t deal with source data without its corresponding aligned target data. In this paper, two alternatives are studied to incorporate unaligned source data in the estimation of a GMM for a voice conversion task. It is shown that when a limited amount of aligned parameters are available in the training step, to only include data from the source speaker increases the performance of the voice transformation.
A Broad Set of Different Llama Antibodies Specific for a 16 kDa Heat Shock Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2011)

A broad set of different llama antibodies specific for 16 kDa heat shock protein of M. tuberculosis is available. This protein is highly stable and abundant in M. tuberculosis. The VHH that detect this protein are applied in a robust SPR sensor for identification of tuberculosis-causing mycobacteria.
Virtual Reality System Concepts Illustrated Using OSVR (2019)

This chapter describes the spaces needed to support viewing and interacting with the virtual world. The immersive nature of virtual and augmented reality systems engages the human visual system in ways that require wider field of view and lower latency than other 3D computer graphics systems to provide artifact-free rendering that avoids inducing fatigue and discomfort in viewers. To enable proper rendering, the viewer’s head are tracked. The job of the viewing transformation is to place the center of projection at the location of the eye in Virtual World space. Although the position of the virtual image of the screen for an ideal lens does not depend on the position of the user’s eye, radial distortion does depend on the location of the viewer’s eye. Open-source virtual reality system uses a regular mesh to describe the mapping from normalized physical-screen coordinates to texture coordinates within or beyond the Canonical screen.
Prevalence of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus among Swiss Merkel Cell Carcinoma Patients (2010)

We detected viral DNA in 20 out of 30 cases of MCC and in 0 out of 19 control samples. The presence of viral DNA in 66.6% of our MCC tissue specimens confirms the high prevalence of MCPyV in MCC patients described in American, German, French and Hungarian patient collections.
Hidden dependencies in program comprehension and change propagation (2002)

Large software systems are difficult to understand and maintain. Program dependency analysis plays a key role in both understanding and maintenance. This paper discusses hidden dependencies among software components that make both understanding and maintenance hard. A hidden dependency is a relationship between two seemingly independent components, and it is caused by the data flow in a third software component. The paper uses abstract system dependency graphs to define hidden dependencies. It discusses the impact of hidden dependencies on the process of change propagation and also discusses an algorithm that warns about the possible presence of hidden dependencies.
Prediction of fiber orientation in the thickness plane during flow molding of short fiber composites (1995)

Abstract Fiber orientations caused by the flow in the thickness plane during injection molding of short fiber reinforced polymer composites has been simulated. The Lagrangian scheme was employed for the finite element analysis. Flow fields were solved by using a penalty method with Uzawa's scheme and orientation fields were also solved by using the second order orientation tensor. A generalized Newtonian fluid whose rheological behavior is independent of fiber orientation was assumed. Automatic mesh generation using an elliptic grid generator was developed for quadrilateral elements. Mold filling and orientation analyses were performed for a cavity of rectangular cross section. To determine the orientation state in other cross‐sectional geometries, numerical analyses were also performed for two different typical cross sections. As the result, orientation of short fibers in the flow field was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. According to the state of short fiber orientation in the thickness plane, the orientation field can be classified into three regions in the flow direction and three layers in the thickness direction. Orientation of short fibers was mainly influenced by elongational and shear flows. It was observed that critical values are present for upper limits of orientation. Effects of initial orientation at the inlet on the orientation field were examined.
Synthesis and Biological Characterization of 3-Substituted-1<i>H</i>-indoles as Ligands of GluN2B-Containing <i>N</i>-Methyl-<scp>d</scp>-aspartate Receptors (2011)

As an extension of our studies, novel indole derivatives were rationally designed and synthesized as ligands targeted to GluN2B/NMDA receptors. The 2-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-(6-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanone (4i) and 1-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-(6-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (6i) showed high binding affinity in [3H]ifenprodil displacement assay. By computational studies, we suggested the hypothetical interactions playing a significant role during the binding process. However, in functional and in vivo studies the most potent compound 4i did not show any activity whereas it displayed relevant affinity toward the σ2 receptor.
Electrodynamic Behavior of PMG-Delta (1994)

The PMG-Delta experiment was launched on 26 June 1993 to test basic tether electrodynamic principles. The 500 m conducting tether deployed from the second stage of a Delta-rocket, and provided approx. 3 orbits of useful information. The tether was equipped at both ends with xenon hollow cathodes. With both cathodes operating, currents up to 0.3A could be driven in either direction. Plasma impedances outside the tether were as low as a few hundred ohms at peak current during daytime/perigee(200km). Large impedances (10-100 kohms) occurred at night/apogee(900km), or when cathode cycled off. Organizational learning, Lessons learned, After action reports, Information systems.
Photolithographic surface micromachining of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (2011)

A major technical hurdle in microfluidics is the difficulty in achieving high fidelity lithographic patterning on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Here, we report a simple yet highly precise and repeatable PDMS surface micromachining method using direct photolithography followed by reactive ion etching (RIE). Our method to achieve surface patterning of PDMS applied an O(2) plasma treatment to PDMS to activate its surface to overcome the challenge of poor photoresist adhesion on PDMS for photolithography. Our photolithographic PDMS surface micromachining technique is compatible with conventional soft lithography techniques and other silicon-based surface and bulk micromachining methods. To illustrate the general application of our method, we demonstrated fabrication of large microfiltration membranes and free-standing beam structures in PDMS.
Synthesis of Phenoxyacetic Acid Derivatives as Highly Potent Antagonists of Gastrin/Cholecystokinin-B Receptors. (1998)

A novel series of phenoxyacetic acid derivatives was synthesized based on considerations of the three-dimensional structural similarity of YM022 and RP72540. The gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK)-B and CCK-A receptor antagonist activities of these compounds were evaluated by investigation of their affinities for human gastrin/CCK-B receptors and human CCK-A receptors, respectively. It was found that N-methyl-N-phenyl-2-[2-[N-(N-methyl-N-phenyl-carbamoylmethyl)-N-[2 -[3-(3- methylphenyl)ureido]acetyl]amino]phenoxy]acetamide (20k, DZ-3514) exhibited high affinity for gastrin/CCK-B receptors and high selectivity over CCK-A receptors.
SEM image sharpening by reversing the effect of a nonideal beam spot (1998)

This paper presents a method for increasing the contrast-to- noise ratio and spatial resolution of SEM images. The method uses de-convolution to eliminate the blur caused by an electron beam spot that covers more than a single pixel. An approximating de-convolution algorithm with low computational complexity is also shown.
Two leg, side by side, 0.6 to 1.0 micron wide, high output, vertical, GMR, head sensors (1998)

Experimental and analytical studies have been carried out on 0.6 to 1.0 micron wide, high output, vertical, GMR, head sensors with segments with a grounding bearing surface. The two separate segments double the amount of sensor length which is active, but increase the width of the sensor at the air bearing surface. Two types were examined; one variety of sensor provided a differential signal between the two segments and the other provided a common signal. The outputs of shielded and unshielded sensors were measured while operating with 2 to 5 mA of sense current per micron of width. The two leg sensor structures were found capable of providing peak to peak outputs of over 3 mV in read heads with a non-uniform gap.
Efficient prediction of Marsaglia-Zaman random number generators (1998)

We show that the random number generator of Marsaglia and Zaman (1991) produces the successive digits of a rational b-adic number. (The b-adic number system generalizes p-adic numbers to an arbitrary integer base b.) Using continued fractions, we derive an efficient prediction algorithm for this generator.
First results of scintillator readout with silicon photomultiplier (2005)

A new type of silicon device has been realised that has many properties comparable to or better than a conventional PMT (photomultiplier tube). This paper presents the first results of using these devices in place of PMT for the readout of scintillators for eventual application in PET (positron emission tomography). This device, the silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is effectively an avalanche photodiode operated in Geiger mode. In Geiger-mode detectors, a very large current signal is produced regardless of the size of the input, giving just logical rather than proportional information. However, the SiPM is subdivided into a large number (1500) of microcells that act as independent and virtually identical Geiger-mode photodiodes. The outputs of all these individual microcells are connected so that the total output signal is the sum of the signals from all of the microcells that were fired. In this way proportional information can be obtained. As a consequence of their design, these detectors have potentially very fast timing (<100 ps), high gain (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> ) at low bias voltage (~50 V), a high quantum efficiency (35% at 500 nm), excellent single photoelectron resolution and are cheap to manufacture. Here their characterisation and initial results when used with pulsed LED and scintillator pixels are presented
Modification of subcellular organelles in pressure‐overloaded heart by etomoxir, a carnitine palmitoyltransferase I inhibitor (1992)

To examine the signals regulating cardiac growth and molecular structure of subcellular organelles, cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rats by constriction of the abdominal aorta for 12-13 wk or by treatment with a carnitine palmitoyltransferase I inhibitor, etomoxir (12-15 mg/kg body wt) for 12-13 wk. In contrast to pressure overload, etomoxir redistributed the myosin isozyme population from V3 to V1 and increased the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-stimulated ATPase activity. When rats with pressure-overloaded hearts were treated with etomoxir, the cardiac hypertrophy was increased whereas the shift in myosin isozymes from V1 to V3 was prevented and the depression in SR Ca(2+)-stimulated ATPase activity was reversed. Plasma thyroid hormone and insulin concentrations were not altered but triglyceride concentrations were reduced in etomoxir-treated rats with pressure overload. The data demonstrate a dissociation between cardiac muscle growth and changes in subcellular organelles and indicate that a shift in myocardial substrate utilization may represent an important signal for molecular remodeling of the heart.
AN ALTERNATIVE LUNAR EPHEMERIS MODEL FOR ON-BOARD FLIGHT SOFTWARE USE (1998)

In calculating the position vector of the Moon in on-board flight software, one often begins by using a series expansion to calculate the ecliptic latitude and longitude of the Moon, referred to the mean ecliptic and equinox of date. One then performs a reduction for precession, followed by a rotation of the position vector from the ecliptic plane to the equator, and a transformation from spherical to Cartesian coordinates before finally arriving at the desired result: equatorial J2000 Cartesian components of the lunar position vector. An alternative method is developed here in which the equatorial J2000 Cartesian components of the lunar position vector are calculated directly by a series expansion, saving valuable on-board computer resources. INTRODUCTION The calculation of the orbit of the Moon is one of the oldest problems in celestial mechanics. Its solution has had great historical significance as a test of Newton&apos;s theory of gravity, with much of the early work on the problem h...
<title>Spurious modulation and bandshape in interferometric RF-channelized receivers</title> (1990)

Use of the interferometric spectrum analyzer as an RF channelized receiver requires careful optimization of optical beam apodization to achieve an acceptable channel bandshape and to suppress spurious modulation produced by the self-interference of optical local oscillators which can limit dynamic range. Design techniques are shown for proper optimization and factors which limit performance in practical systems are discussed. It is shown that reference self-interference spurs can be controlled if the reference Bragg cell has a time-bandwidth product which significantly exceeds the number of channels. Other spurious suppression techniques are considered as well. Non-Gaussian apodization is shown to result in an improved bandshape for channelized receiver applications.
OLTP and OLAP Data Integration: A Review of Feasible Implementation Methods and Architectures for Real Time Data Analysis (2005)

This paper elaborates on the justification and need for integration of OLTP (online transaction processing) and OLAP (online analytical processing) data environments for the purpose of real time data analysis, and reviews potential implementation methods and architectures for integration of these disparate environments. A body of relevant literature is reviewed to answer a central question on the efficacy of OLTP and OLAP integrated environments, and the central question is made tractable by its decomposition to the essential questions that must be answered regarding the feasibility of various methods and architectures for integrating data architectures. Additional coverage is given to proposed architectures and methods for real time data warehouses in the context of OLTP and OLAP data integration. This qualitative study uses an interpretivist epistemology to reach conclusions about the literature's treatment of the topic and the justification and need for data integration to accomplish real time data analysis in the business enterprise.
The digital traces of user-generated content: how social media data maybecome the historical sources of the future (2018)

It is our pleasure to donate access to the entire archive of public Tweets to the Library of Congress for preservation and research. It's very exciting that tweets are becoming part of history.Stone, 2010
Automatic polarization-mode dispersion compensation in 40-Gbit/s transmission (2003)

We believe we demonstrated automatic polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) compensation in 40-Gbit/s NRZ transmission for the first time. By the feedback control of an optical PMD compensator to maximize the 20-GHz intensity of received baseband signals, we more than doubled the allowable PMD from 11 to 23 ps.
Intelligent techniques for network sensor information processing in large-scale network infrastructures (2008)

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) and security tools are used to monitor potential attacks in network infrastructures. These tools and IDSs trigger alerts of potential attacks and violations in network security. However, most of the alerts generated by the IDS sensors are false positives. False positives are alerts triggered by suspicious but normal, benign connections. Due to the very high volumes of false positives, the task of manually analysing the alerts is extremely difficult, resulting in inefficient real-time detection and response. In this paper we present detailed explanation of a novel approach for efficient intelligent detection and response to suspect packets to benign false positives. The intelligent strategy consists of network quarantine channels (NQCs) technique with multiple zones for isolation and interaction with the source packets in real-time. The NQC consists of various subnet zones, which examine the packets by sending intelligent responses to the source host packet to obtain more information on the nature of the packet. Once the source packets intention is known, the NQC sends a feedback to the IDS to modify the alerts. We propose multiple feedback methods, including message flags, to the IDS monitor and database. The effect of these innovative approaches, using NQC and feedback mechanisms, is the enhancement of the capability of the IDS to detect threats and benign attacks. This is accomplished by applying adaptive rules to the alert filters and policies of the IDS network sensors. We describe the NQC approach with detailed description of its operation and the technique. In addition, we propose new techniques for feeding the results of the NQC to the IDS. Furthermore, we propose new methods of communication between the IDS and firewalls for sending responses to suspect packets. These approaches demonstrate the effectiveness of using the intelligent detection and response strategy for handling benign and attack packets.
[Catalytic spectrophotometric quantitation for hypoxanthine by conjugating xanthine oxidase with horseradish peroxidase]. (2008)

A novel technology to determine the concentration of hypoxanthine through the chromogenic reaction of phenic acid (PA), 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which was produced via the oxidation of hypoxanthine catalyzed by xanthine oxidase (XO), under the help of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was proposed in the present paper, according to the reaction of molybdoenzyme xanthine oxidase (XOD, EC 1.2.3.22) which mainly catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine and xanthine to xanthine and uric acid, respectively, and is capable of reducing oxygen to generate the reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. The influences of temperature and pH on the system were investigated. The optimal conditions to determine the concentration of hypoxanthine were obtained as follows: XO (0.32 U x mL(-1)), HRP (7.0 U x mL(-1)), 4-Aminoantipyrine (1 mmol x L(-1)), and phenic acid (6 mmol x L(-1)) were dissolved in 100 mmol x L(-1) Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 8.3), and the reaction system was incubated in thermostat of 37 degrees C for 8 min, the absorptive wave length was 508 nm. Under the conditions mentioned above, the linear range of calibration curve was between 0.2 and 3.0 mmol x L(-1), the correlation coefficient was 0.9979, and the limit of detection was 0.05 mmol x L(-1). All these show that this technology is a potential alternative method to determine the concentration of hypoxanthine in areas like for example in laboratory or clinical serum diagnosis.
Studies in the Indole Series. III. On the Synthesis of Physostigmine (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in the Indole Series. III. On the Synthesis of PhysostigminePercy L. Julian and Josef PiklCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57, 3, 539–544Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01306a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01306a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1136Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts