gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Using an image retrieval system for image data management</title> (2002)

Images of semiconductor defects are maintained in semiconductor yield-management systems to help diagnose problems that arise during the manufacturing process. A common problem in future systems is the number of images to maintain, which is increasing at an alarming rate due to the growing use of in-line and off-line imaging systems. A manufacturing-specific content-based image retrieval system, or Automated Image Retrieval (AIR) system, was developed by ORNL in coordination with International SEMATECH during 1998-1999. The system uses commercial databases to store image information and uses a customized indexing technology to rapidly retrieve similar images base don visual content. In addition to acting as a yield management tool based on storing and retrieving images, the system can be utilized as a tool for data management by helping determine when images are redundant in relation to previously stored data. Ideally this information can be used to time-stamp the data for future purging based on a variety of ratings such as 'long- term', 'mid-term', and 'short-term'. In some situations the feedback from the AIR system can even be used to omit the image entirely based on pre-existing close matches. In this paper we explore techniques for using the AIR system to assist in image data management. Experimental results are shown with simulated image data representing various degrees of image clustering of redundancy, and manufacturing image data accumulated during earlier field-testing of the AIR system at industry sites. Early results indicate substantial reductions in the size of industry databases may be achievable while continuing to maintain an adequate representation and history of the manufacturing process. To reduce the number of stored images, AIR technology can be used in place of, or as a guide for, the typical 'store for N months and purge' approach to image management. This approach will enhance the use of the image database, since the real bottleneck in such a procedure is the need to sort such massive amounts of stored data as opposed to actual disk space.
Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor δ Is Up-regulated during Vascular Lesion Formation and Promotes Post-confluent Cell Proliferation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2002)

Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta is widely expressed in many tissues, the role of PPARdelta is poorly understood. In this study, we report that PPARdelta was up-regulated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) during vascular lesion formation. By using Northern blot analysis, we demonstrated that PPARdelta was increased by 3-4-fold in VSMC treated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) (20 ng/ml). In addition, PDGF-induced PPARdelta mRNA expression neither needs de novo protein synthesis nor affects the stability of PPARdelta mRNA in VSMC. Preincubation of VSMC with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor (LY294002, 50 micromol/liter) or infection of VSMC with an adenovirus carrying the gene for a dominant negative form of Akt abrogated PDGF-induced PPARdelta mRNA expression, suggesting that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of PDGF-induced PPARdelta mRNA expression in VSMC. To explore the role of PPARdelta in VSMC, we generated rat vascular smooth muscle cells (A7r5) stably overexpressing PPARdelta and the control green fluorescent protein. Overexpression of PPARdelta in VSMC increased post-confluent cell proliferation by increasing the cyclin A and CDK2 as well as decreasing p57(kip2). Taken together, the results suggest that PPARdelta plays an important role in the pathology of diseases associated with VSMC proliferation, such as primary atherosclerosis and restenosis.
λ Recombination and Recombineering (2016)

The bacteriophage λ Red homologous recombination system has been studied over the past 50 years as a model system to define the mechanistic details of how organisms exchange DNA segments that share extended regions of homology. The λ Red system proved useful as a system to study because recombinants could be easily generated by co-infection of genetically marked phages. What emerged from these studies was the recognition that replication of phage DNA was required for substantial Red-promoted recombination in vivo, and the critical role that double-stranded DNA ends play in allowing the Red proteins access to the phage DNA chromosomes. In the past 16 years, however, the λ Red recombination system has gained a new notoriety. When expressed independently of other λ functions, the Red system is able to promote recombination of linear DNA containing limited regions of homology (∼50 bp) with the Escherichia coli chromosome, a process known as recombineering. This review explains how the Red system works during a phage infection, and how it is utilized to make chromosomal modifications of E. coli with such efficiency that it changed the nature and number of genetic manipulations possible, leading to advances in bacterial genomics, metabolic engineering, and eukaryotic genetics.
Single-mode quantum cascade lasers employing asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer type cavities (2012)

We employ properly designed asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer structures as effective wavelength filters and monolithically integrate them in conventional Fabry-Perot cavities to facilitate single-mode operation of the lasers. With such asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer type laser cavities, continuously tunable single-mode operation of quantum cascade (QC) lasers is achieved in pulsed mode from 80 K up to room temperature and in continuous-wave mode with side-mode suppression ratio up to ∼35 dB. These devices are fabricated with the same process as simple ridge lasers, therefore providing a promising solution to achieving more cost-effective single-mode QC lasers.
Agronomical and Chemical Studies on<i>Tagetes minuta</i>Grown in a Red Soil of a Semiarid Tropical Region in India (1999)

Abstract The agronomic performance and chemical composition of Tagetes minuta L. was evaluated in a new agro-climatic region of semiarid tropical India. T minuta performed well under these conditions and responded to application of 50 kg N/ha. Analysis of the leaf and flower oils by GC revealed that the leaf oil contained dihydrotagetone (6l.0%) and (Z)-tagetone (16.1%), while the flower oil was rich in (Z)-β-ocimene (47.9%) and (Z)-tagetenone (19–6%).
Dual effect of surface plasmons in light transmission through perforated metal films (2007)

The light transmission through square and rectangular holes in a metal film has been studied. By taking account of plasma response of real metal on hole walls as well as metal surface, an analytical result for the transmission has been deduced, which agrees well with the experiments. We show that the light transmission involves both the diffraction modes and the surface plasmons. Strong coupling of diffraction modes to surface-plasmon polariton results in the transmission minima, whereas the coupling to cavity surface plasmon leads to the transmission maxima. The results suggest a dual effect of the surface plasmons.
Energy Characteristics of UWB Channel Models Applied to System Design (2006)

The propagation of ultra-wideband (UWB) signals is a critical issue, which strongly impacts and even jeopardizes system costs and applications. This paper proposes a complete overview of energy distribution in UWB IEEE channel models. At first, realistic large scale parameters, such as path loss or fading margin, are considered for an accurate link budget analysis. Then, the energy repartition in the channel is modeled so as to specify optimal integration windows and detection performances in non-coherent receiver architectures based on energy collection for both communication and ranging requirements. Moreover, the expected voltage at antenna is analyzed in order to define the receiver sensitivity as a function of range. At last, we focus on auto and cross correlation of channel impulse responses for the purpose of estimating the multi-user capability. For each of the investigated items, some illustrating samples are provided and major implications for real UWB systems are derived and discussed.
Nitrogen Assimilation and Global Regulation in<i>Escherichia coli</i> (2003)

Nitrogen limitation in Escherichia coli controls the expression of about 100 genes of the nitrogen regulated (Ntr) response, including the ammonia-assimilating glutamine synthetase. Low intracellular glutamine controls the Ntr response through several regulators, whose activities are modulated by a variety of metabolites. Ntr proteins assimilate ammonia, scavenge nitrogen-containing compounds, and appear to integrate ammonia assimilation with other aspects of metabolism, such as polyamine metabolism and glutamate synthesis. The leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) controls the synthesis of glutamate synthase, which controls the Ntr response, presumably through its effect on intracellular glutamine. Some Ntr proteins inhibit the expression of some Lrp-activated genes. Guanosine tetraphosphate appears to control Lrp synthesis. In summary, a network of interacting global regulators that senses different aspects of metabolism integrates nitrogen assimilation with other metabolic processes.
Latex agglutination in the diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis (1972)

Group-specific polysaccharides of Neisseria meningitidis groups A and C have been demonstrated by means of a rapid, sensitive slide agglutination test with latex particles coated with antibodies. In this manner, the diagnosis can be made from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningococcal meningitis caused by serogroups A or C even when the culture is negative. The method appears to be more sensitive than countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis and less elaborate.
Visual crowd surveillance through a hydrodynamics lens (2011)

People in high-density crowds appear to move with the flow of the crowd, like particles in a liquid.
A signal-dependent rank ordered mean (SD-ROM) filter-a new approach for removal of impulses from highly corrupted images (2002)

Proposes an efficient nonlinear algorithm to suppress impulse noise from highly corrupted images while preserving details and features. The method is applicable to all impulse noise models, including fixed valued (equal height or salt and pepper) impulses and random valued (unequal height) impulses, covering the whole dynamic range. The algorithm is based on a detection-estimation strategy. If a signal sample is detected as a corrupted sample, it is replaced with an estimation of the true value, based on neighborhood information. Otherwise it is kept unchanged. The technique achieves excellent tradeoff between the suppression of noise, and preserving the details and edges without undue increase in computational complexity. Extensive simulation tests indicate that the method performs better than other existing algorithms, including the well known median filters. Illustrative examples included in the paper verify the capability of the proposed approach.
Virtual environment architecture for rapid application development (1993)

We describe the MITRE Virtual Environment Architecture (VEA), a product of nearly two years of investigations and prototypes of virtual environment technology. This paper discusses the requirements for rapid prototyping, and an architecture we are developing to support virtual environment construction. VEA supports rapid application development by providing a variety of pre-built modules that can be reconfigured for each application session. The modules supply interfaces for several types of interactive I/O devices, in addition to large-screen or head-mounted displays.
Tactile, spatial interfaces for computer-aided design: superimposing physical media and computation (2003)

Computer-aided design (CAD) systems have become invaluable in three-dimensional creative design fields such as architecture and landscape architecture.However, these digital tools have not replaced the use of physical tools and materials as envisioned by the early developers of CAD.Instead, most designers have added digital media to their suite of physical media, gaining the benefits of both realms and using each where it is most advantageous.Given current CAD systems and how they are being used, two significant problems are apparent.First, the side-by-side physical/digital work environment has resulted in the need to frequently digitize and print in order to switch between physical and digital representations.This process is often time-consuming, costly, and frustrating.Second and more fundamental, the standard graphical user interface (GUI), although appropriate to some tasks, is restrictive as the only interface to CAD, because it lacks tactile and spatial qualities.Interacting with physical media such as paper, cardboard, and clay is a multisensory, spatial experience.Interacting in a GUI may be visual, but our other senses and spatial abilities remain underutilized.Recent interface design research includes embedding or augmenting physical artifacts with computation as one remedy to the limitations of the GUI.This dissertation investigates whether superimposing physical and digital media to create new interfaces for CAD has merit.Findings are presented from experiments performed with Illuminating Clay, a prototype interface that superimposes modeling clay and topographic analysis.The objective was to discover whether these new kinds of interfaces could successfully combine the cognitive, motor, and emotional advantages of physical media with the capabilities of computation.Findings indicate that Illuminating Clay can indeed supplement a designer's eyeball analysis with more-accurate feedback while retaining the tactile and spatial advantages of working with a physical material.Salient issues pertaining to the design of tangible, and augmented-reality user interfaces were raised by these experiments: what the appropriate scale limitations should be, what the appropriate type of feedback is from computation, and whether real-time feedback is necessary.
Archives & manuscripts : conservation : a manual on physical care and management (1983)

Basic manual on care of archival collections, from environment and housing of manuscripts to instructions on how to humidify, dry clean, and mend paper. Appendices include a glossary, lists of audio-visual sources, conservation suppliers, regional conservation centers, conservation organizations, and funding sources. (See also AATA 19-1313).
Accumulation of Succinate in Cardiac Ischemia Primarily Occurs via Canonical Krebs Cycle Activity (2018)

Succinate accumulates during ischemia, and its oxidation at reperfusion drives injury. The mechanism of ischemic succinate accumulation is controversial and is proposed to involve reversal of mitochondrial complex II. Herein, using stable-isotope-resolved metabolomics, we demonstrate that complex II reversal is possible in hypoxic mitochondria but is not the primary succinate source in hypoxic cardiomyocytes or ischemic hearts. Rather, in these intact systems succinate primarily originates from canonical Krebs cycle activity, partly supported by aminotransferase anaplerosis and glycolysis from glycogen. Augmentation of canonical Krebs cycle activity with dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate both increases ischemic succinate accumulation and drives substrate-level phosphorylation by succinyl-CoA synthetase, improving ischemic energetics. Although two-thirds of ischemic succinate accumulation is extracellular, the remaining one-third is metabolized during early reperfusion, wherein acute complex II inhibition is protective. These results highlight a bifunctional role for succinate: its complex-II-independent accumulation being beneficial in ischemia and its complex-II-dependent oxidation being detrimental at reperfusion.
Externally heated valve engine an-alternative to the Stirling engine (2002)

A new concept of the externally heated valve (EHV) engine is presented. The principle of the engine operation is described. Heat delivered to the working medium (air) in the heater, or several heaters working commutatively, can come from a combustion chamber or other heat generators such as nuclear reactors or solar collectors. The engine construction is entirely different from the well-known Stirling engine. New results of the EHV engine computer modelling are presented. This is connected with a new kind of annular heater applied to the EHV engine. A whirl motion inside the heater is caused to ensure the proper condition of the heat exchange during the whole engine cycle. Three heaters working commutatively have been considered in this model. Comparisons between the power and efficiency of the Stirling engine and EHV engine have been performed for the same engine capacity, rotational frequency, maximum and minimum temperatures of the working gas and for the same mean pressures of both the engine cycles. The power of the EHV engine is in this case over three times higher than the Stirling engine power, while the efficiency of both the engines is almost the same.
Matching Digital Copies of Documents Based on OCR (2019)

The paper deals with methods for comparison of digitized copies of business documents. This task arises when comparing two copies of documents signed by two parties in order to find possible modifications made by one party. For example, this task is quite actual in the banking sector when concluding contracts in paper form. The comparison method of two digitized images based on the combination of several ways of comparing the words images that are descriptors of text feature points is proposed. The proposed method is well proven on own dataset (Russian). The results show the high quality and reliability of differences search in two samples of the same document.
Effect of bone marrow mononuclear phagocytes on the bone matrix-induced bone formation in rats. (1987)

Experimental ulnar bone defects in rats were grafted with freshly isolated whole bone marrow cells; bone marrow mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages); or both types of marrow cell preparations in combination with demineralized bone matrix gelatin (BMG). In the absence of BMG, the osteogenic performance of the marrow cell preparations was superior to that of the macrophages. In the presence of BMG (composite grafts), their osteogenic potential was nearly identical and significantly improved the level of bone formation stimulated by implants of BMG alone. The results encourage speculation and further research on sequential activities of bone marrow monocyte-macrophage (osteoclast) lineages and marrow stromal (osteoprogenitor) cell in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-induced regeneration.
NETWRAP: An NDN Based Real-TimeWireless Recharging Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks (2014)

Using vehicles equipped with wireless energy transmission technology to recharge sensor nodes over the air is a game-changer for traditional wireless sensor networks. The recharging policy regarding when to recharge which sensor nodes critically impacts the network performance. So far only a few works have studied such recharging policy for the case of using a single vehicle. In this paper, we propose NETWRAP, an NDN based Real Time Wireless Recharging Protocol for dynamic wireless recharging in sensor networks. The real-time recharging framework supports single or multiple mobile vehicles. Employing multiple mobile vehicles provides more scalability and robustness. To efficiently deliver sensor energy status information to vehicles in real-time, we leverage concepts and mechanisms from named data networking (NDN) and design energy monitoring and reporting protocols. We derive theoretical results on the energy neutral condition and the minimum number of mobile vehicles required for perpetual network operations. Then we study how to minimize the total traveling cost of vehicles while guaranteeing all the sensor nodes can be recharged before their batteries deplete. We formulate the recharge optimization problem into a Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem with Deadlines (m-TSP with Deadlines), which is NP-hard. To accommodate the dynamic nature of node energy conditions with low overhead, we present an algorithm that selects the node with the minimum weighted sum of traveling time and residual lifetime. Our scheme not only improves network scalability but also ensures the perpetual operation of networks. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed design. The results also validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis and show significant improvements that cut the number of nonfunctional nodes by half compared to the static scheme while maintaining the network overhead at the same level.
Region-based Activity Recognition Using Conditional GAN (2017)

We present a method for activity recognition that first estimates the activity performer's location and uses it with input data for activity recognition. Existing approaches directly take video frames or entire video for feature extraction and recognition, and treat the classifier as a black box. Our method first locates the activities in each input video frame by generating an activity mask using a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). The generated mask is appended to color channels of input images and fed into a VGG-LSTM network for activity recognition. To test our system, we produced two datasets with manually created masks, one containing Olympic sports activities and the other containing trauma resuscitation activities. Our system makes activity prediction for each video frame and achieves performance comparable to the state-of-the-art systems while simultaneously outlining the location of the activity. We show how the generated masks facilitate the learning of features that are representative of the activity rather than accidental surrounding information.
Gerardo Gombau y sus nuevas obras [Entrevista] (1970)

Small SCP phosphatases CTDSP1, CTDSP2, and CTDSPL specifically dephosphorylate serine and threonine residues in protein molecules. The enzymes are involved in regulating activity of RNA polymerase II at the transition from transcription initiation to elongation, regulating expression of neuron-specific genes, and activating the key cell-cycle protein pRb at the G1/S boundary. In addition, the substrates of SCP phosphatases include SMAD transcription modulators; AKT1 protein kinase, which regulates the cell cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis; the TWIST1 and c-MYC transcription factors; Ras family proteins, which are involved in signaling pathways regulating the cell growth and apoptosis; CDCA3, which is associated with cell division; the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21; and the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML), which is involved in regulation of the tumor suppressors p53, PTEN, and mTOR. Dysfunction or inactivation of SCP phosphatases leads to various diseases, including cancer. Recently the increase in interest to SCP phosphatases is due to their their tumor growth-inhibiting properties or role in the development of malignant tumors of various etiology and localization. The review discusses the properties of SCP phosphatases and their role in oncogenesis. Understanding the functions of SCP phosphatases and their regulatory mechanisms can be useful in searching for efficient targets for tumor therapy.