gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Planar 3 DOF Sample Manipulator for Nano-Scale Characterization (2006)

We present the first monolithic manipulator for in-plane positioning in three degrees of freedom (DOF), based on a parallel flexure-mechanism. The manipulator stage is capable of translation in the x- and y-direction (maximum of ± 9 µ m) as well as rotation about the z-axis (maximum of ± 2 degrees). A power-port based model has been developed to give insight in the systems behavior. The effect of anisotropy in the Young’s modulus of single crystalline silicon (SCS) on the flexure stiffness is modeled and matches the real system.
ESI‐MS/MS analysis of underivatised amino acids: a new tool for the diagnosis of inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism. Fragmentation study of 79 molecules of biological interest in positive and negative ionisation mode (2003)

The diagnosis of inherited disorders of amino acids (AA) metabolism is usually performed on automated analysers by ion-exchange chromatography and quantification after ninhydrin derivatisation of about 50 different AA. A single run liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for these molecules can be an alternative to this time-consuming technique. The first step of this development is the infusion study of the fragmentation of 79 molecules of biological interest in electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), in positive and in negative ionisation mode. Among them, three molecules can be detected only in negative ionisation mode, 38 only in positive mode and 38 in the two modes. All the most abundant fragmentations are presented, with optimisation of the MS/MS parameters. The positive ionisation mode was retained for the simultaneous analysis of 76 molecules. One sensitive and/or specific transition is proposed for the monitoring of each molecule. Improvement in sensitivity of detection was obtained with the use of an acidic mobile phase. Flow injection analysis studies led us to highlight a number of interferences-due to isobaric molecules, to in-source collision-induced dissociation, or to natural isotopic distribution of the elements-which are listed. For a reliable quantification method, these molecules have to be separated by LC before analysis in the tandem mass spectrometer. Ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) using perfluorinated carboxylic acids as ion-pairing agents has already been found suitable for analysis of AA in MS/MS positive ionisation mode and is under development.
Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Poly(amine-<i>co</i>-esters) via Copolymerization of Diester with Amino-Substituted Diol (2010)

Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was found to be an efficient catalyst for copolymerization of diesters with amino-substituted diols to form poly(amine-co-esters) in one step. The copolymerization reactions were carried out at 50-100 degrees C in two stages: first stage oligomerization under 1 atm pressure of nitrogen followed by second stage polymerization under 1-2 mmHg vacuum. The formed copolymers possessed molecular weight (M(w)) up to 59000 and typical polydispersity (M(w)/M(n)) between 1.5 and 2.3. The enzymatic reaction appears to be quite general and accommodates a large number of comonomer substrates with various chain length and substituents. Thus, C(4)-C(12) diesters (i.e., from succinate to dodecanedioate) and diethanolamine comonomers with either an alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, t-butyl) or an aryl (phenyl) substituent on nitrogen were successfully incorporated into the poly(amine-co-ester) chains. Biodegradable polyesters bearing tertiary amino groups have been reported to be efficient carriers for gene delivery. The high tolerance of the lipase toward tertiary amino functional groups as described in this paper provides new routes for synthesizing poly(amine-co-esters) with tailored structures for specific biomedical applications.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reveal Functional Differences Between Drugs Currently Investigated in Patients With Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (2014)

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare congenital disease characterized by premature aging in children. Identification of the mutation and related molecular mechanisms has rapidly led to independent clinical trials testing different marketed drugs with a preclinically documented impact on those mechanisms. However, the extensive functional effects of those drugs remain essentially unexplored. We have undertaken a systematic comparative study of the three main treatments currently administered or proposed to progeria-affected children, namely, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, the combination of an aminobisphosphonate and a statin (zoledronate and pravastatin), and the macrolide antibiotic rapamycin. This work was based on the assumption that mesodermal stem cells, which are derived from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome-induced pluripotent stem cells expressing major defects associated with the disease, may be instrumental to revealing such effects. Whereas all three treatments significantly improved misshapen cell nuclei typically associated with progeria, differences were observed in terms of functional improvement in prelamin A farnesylation, progerin expression, defective cell proliferation, premature osteogenic differentiation, and ATP production. Finally, we have evaluated the effect of the different drug combinations on this cellular model. This study revealed no additional benefit compared with single-drug treatments, whereas a cytostatic effect equivalent to that of a farnesyltransferase inhibitor alone was systematically observed. Altogether, these results reveal the complexity of the modes of action of different drugs, even when they have been selected on the basis of a similar mechanistic hypothesis, and underscore the use of induced pluripotent stem cell derivatives as a critical and powerful tool for standardized, comparative pharmacological studies.
Efficient Overlay Architecture Based on DSP Blocks (2015)

Design productivity and long compilation times are major issues preventing the mainstream adoption of FPGAs in general purpose computing. Several overlay architectures have emerged to tackle these challenges, but at the cost of increased area and performance overheads. This paper examines a coarse grained overlay architecture designed using the flexible DSP48E1 primitive on Xilinx FPGAs. This allows pipelined execution at significantly higher throughput without adding significant area overheads to the PE. We map several benchmarks, using our custom mapping tool, and show that the proposed overlay architecture delivers a throughput of up to 21.6 GOPS and provides an 11 -- 52% improvement in throughput compared to Vivado HLS implementations.
Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene for Electrode Films: Effect of Graphene Flake Thickness on the Sheet Resistance and Capacitive Properties (2013)

We present an electrochemical exfoliation method to produce controlled thickness graphene flakes by ultrasound assistance. Bilayer graphene flakes are dominant in the final product by using sonication during the electrochemical exfoliation process, while without sonication the product contains a larger percentage of four-layer graphene flakes. Graphene sheets prepared by using the two procedures are processed into films to measure their respective sheet resistance and optical transmittance. Solid-state electrolyte supercapacitors are made using the two types of graphene films. Our study reveals that films with a higher content of multilayer graphene flakes are more conductive, and their resistance is more easily reduced by thermal annealing, making them suitable as transparent conducting films. The film with higher content of bilayer graphene flakes shows instead higher capacitance when used as electrode in a supercapacitor.
Reproducible culture and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells using an automated microwell platform (2013)

The use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and their progeny in high throughput drug discovery and regenerative medicine will require production at scale of well characterized cells at an appropriate level of purity. The adoption of automated bioprocessing techniques offers the possibility to overcome the lack of consistency and high failure rates seen with current manual protocols. To build the case for increased use of automation this work addresses the key question: "can an automated system match the quality of a highly skilled and experienced person working manually?" To answer this we first describe an integrated automation platform designed for the 'hands-free' culture and differentiation of ESCs in microwell formats. Next we outline a framework for the systematic investigation and optimization of key bioprocess variables for the rapid establishment of validatable Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Finally the experimental comparison between manual and automated bioprocessing is exemplified by expansion of the murine Oct-4-GiP ESC line over eight sequential passages with their subsequent directed differentiation into neural precursors. Our results show that ESCs can be effectively maintained and differentiated in a highly reproducible manner by the automated system described. Statistical analysis of the results for cell growth over single and multiple passages shows up to a 3-fold improvement in the consistency of cell growth kinetics with automated passaging. The quality of the cells produced was evaluated using a panel of biological markers including cell growth rate and viability, nutrient and metabolite profiles, changes in gene expression and immunocytochemistry. Automated processing of the ESCs had no measurable negative effect on either their pluripotency or their ability to differentiate into the three embryonic germ layers. Equally important is that over a 6-month period of culture without antibiotics in the medium, we have not had any cases of culture contamination. This study thus confirms the benefits of adopting automated bioprocess routes to produce cells for therapy and for use in basic discovery research.
IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Implementation Guidelines (2008)

The IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) protocol defines how IP Flow
information can be exported from routers, measurement probes, or other
devices. This document provides guidelines for the implementation and
use of the IPFIX protocol. Several sets of guidelines address Template
management, transport-specific issues, implementation of Exporting and
Collecting Processes, and IPFIX implementation on middleboxes (such as
firewalls, network address translators, tunnel endpoints, packet
classifiers, etc.). This memo provides information for the Internet
community.
Gonorrhoea treatment failures to cefixime and azithromycin in England, 2010 (2011)

Successful treatment of gonorrhoea is the mainstay of public health control. Cefixime and ceftriaxone, highly active third generation cephalosporins, are today the recommended first-line agents in most countries and azithromycin is a second-line agent. However, there is increasing evidence of decreasing susceptibility and emergence of therapeutic failures. In this report two cases of clinical failure to cefixime are described, one of which additionally shows failure to azithromycin and selection of a less susceptible strain during treatment.
Problem drinkers in industry (1966)

Problem drinkers in industry Ronald Ronald Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 16, Issue 2, April 1966, Pages 54–56, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/16.2.54 Published: 01 April 1966
Ultrahigh-Speed Random Number Generation Based on a Chaotic Semiconductor Laser (2009)

The fluctuating intensity of a chaotic semiconductor laser is used for generating random sequences at rates up to 12.5 Gbits/s. The conversion of the fluctuating intensity to a random bit sequence can be implemented in either software or hardware and the overall rate of generation is much faster than any previously reported random number generator based on a physical mechanism. The generator's simplicity, robustness, and insensitivity to control parameters should enable its application to tasks of secure communication and calculation procedures requiring ultrahigh-speed generation of random bit sequences.
FISH detection of trisomy 21 in interphase by the simultaneous use of two differentially labelled cosmid contigs. (1994)

Techniques have been reported in which fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and cosmid probes are used to detect trisomy 21 (and other abnormalities involving chromosomes X, Y, 13, and 18) on uncultured amniocytes. However the detection rate of trisomy 21 is lower than for the other anomalies owing to a larger number of uninformative results and false negatives. We report the simultaneous use of two differentially labelled cosmid contigs to improve the detection rate of trisomy 21 on uncultured amniocyte samples thus allowing the prenatal diagnosis of Down's syndrome even if only few labelled nuclei are available.
Effect of long‐term culture on the expression of antigens and adhesion molecule in single porcine pancreatic endocrine cells (2005)

These results suggest that partial reduction in the expression of these antigens could be obtained by a long-term culture.
My Recollections (1911)

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive.We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship.
Targeted resequencing of candidate genes using selector probes (2010)

Targeted genome enrichment is a powerful tool for making use of the massive throughput of novel DNA-sequencing instruments. We herein present a simple and scalable protocol for multiplex amplification of target regions based on the Selector technique. The updated version exhibits improved coverage and compatibility with next-generation-sequencing (NGS) library-construction procedures for shotgun sequencing with NGS platforms. To demonstrate the performance of the technique, all 501 exons from 28 genes frequently involved in cancer were enriched for and sequenced in specimens derived from cell lines and tumor biopsies. DNA from both fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies were analyzed and 94% specificity and 98% coverage of the targeted region was achieved. Reproducibility between replicates was high (R(2) = 0, 98) and readily enabled detection of copy-number variations. The procedure can be carried out in <24 h and does not require any dedicated instrumentation.
CD8 T lymphocytes specific for the secreted p60 antigen protect against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> infection. (1995)

The ability of Listeria monocytogenes to gain access to the cytoplasm of infected cells results in the processing and presentation of bacterial Ags through the MHC class I pathway. As a result, CD8 T cells are the most effective mediators of acquired immunity in the mouse model of L. monocytogenes infection. CD8 T cells specific for a single nonamer epitope derived from the secreted virulence factor listeriolysin O (LLO) can protect H-2d mice against lethal infection. Bacteria lacking LLO are avirulent and do not elicit protective immunity in mice. Thus, the failure of LLO minus L. monocytogenes to elicit protective immunity could be caused either by their inability to enter the cytoplasm or to the lack of LLO-derived peptide epitopes. In this report we provide evidence that H-2d restricted CD8 T cells with specificity for another L. monocytogenes protein, the secreted p60 molecule, can protect against infection. Our studies further demonstrate that LLO-dependent induction of protective immunity results from access of the bacterium to the cytoplasm. In addition, these studies provide support for the hypothesis that secreted bacterial proteins are the most important targets for protective CD8 T cell-mediated immunity.
Zerocoin: Anonymous Distributed E-Cash from Bitcoin (2013)

Bitcoin is the first e-cash system to see widespread adoption. While Bitcoin offers the potential for new types of financial interaction, it has significant limitations regarding privacy. Specifically, because the Bitcoin transaction log is completely public, users' privacy is protected only through the use of pseudonyms. In this paper we propose Zerocoin, a cryptographic extension to Bitcoin that augments the protocol to allow for fully anonymous currency transactions. Our system uses standard cryptographic assumptions and does not introduce new trusted parties or otherwise change the security model of Bitcoin. We detail Zerocoin's cryptographic construction, its integration into Bitcoin, and examine its performance both in terms of computation and impact on the Bitcoin protocol.
Greedy combinatorial test case generation using unsatisfiable cores (2016)

Combinatorial testing aims at covering the interactions of parameters in a system under test, while some combinations may be forbidden by given constraints (forbidden tuples). In this paper, we illustrate that such forbidden tuples correspond to unsatisfiable cores, a widely understood notion in the SAT solving community. Based on this observation, we propose a technique to detect forbidden tuples lazily during a greedy test case generation, which significantly reduces the number of required SAT solving calls. We further reduce the amount of time spent in SAT solving by essentially ignoring constraints while constructing each test case, but then “amending” it to obtain a test case that satisfies the constraints, again using unsatisfiable cores. Finally, to complement a disturbance due to ignoring constraints, we implement an efficient approximative SAT checking function in the SAT solver Lingeling. Through experiments we verify that our approach significantly improves the efficiency of constraint handling in our greedy combinatorial testing algorithm.
Quantum-secured imaging (2012)

We have built an imaging system that uses a photon's position or time-of-flight information to image an object, while using the photon's polarization for security. This ability allows us to obtain an image which is secure against an attack in which the object being imaged intercepts and resends the imaging photons with modified information. Popularly known as “jamming,” this type of attack is commonly directed at active imaging systems such as radar. In order to jam our imaging system, the object must disturb the delicate quantum state of the imaging photons, thus introducing statistical errors that reveal its activity.
Performance analysis of an indoor and outdoor real time localization system (2019)

Many are the applications of indoor/outdoor localization systems. This paper presents a localization device that uses the UWB technology and the Road Trip Time of Flight technique. The communication protocol has been designed with the aim of reducing the power dissipated by the Anchor nodes, using a low power wake-up channel that wakes up the Anchor nodes and synchronizes them to the Tag whose position must be located. Many experimental measurements in indoor and outdoor conditions have been carried out and the localization results are presented. The error on the distance estimation is about 1 % in outdoor conditions and less than 5% in indoor conditions. The maximum error is less than 25 cm on distances between 2.5 m to 50 m, good results if compared to the results reported in the literature.
Detection of Azithromycin Resistance in <i>Treponema pallidum</i> by Real-Time PCR (2007)

We describe a real-time PCR assay for the discrimination of azithromycin-resistant and -susceptible strains of Treponema pallidum. This assay is rapid and allows for as many as 30 clinical specimens to be analyzed simultaneously without the need for DNA sequencing.
Minimum SINR Maximization for Multiuser MIMO Downlink with Per BS Power Constraints (2007)

The joint cooperative processing of transmitted signal from several multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) base station (BS) antenna heads is considered for users located within a soft handover (SHO) region. The mathematical framework for the SHO based MIMO system is derived and the joint design of linear transmit and receive beamformers in a MIMO multiuser transmission subject to per BS power constraints is considered. Solution for the maximization of the minimum weighted SINR per data stream criterion is proposed. The proposed algorithm is shown to provide very efficient solutions despite of the fact that the global optimum cannot be guaranteed due to the non-convexity of the problem. Moreover, a less complex but still efficient allocation method based on zero forcing transmission is provided for the same optimization criterion.
Parallel Plate Multichannel Electron Detector With Uniform Response (1981)

A new signal collecting technique has been developed useful for multichannel arrays of Parallel Plate Electron Multipliers (PPEM's). Previously the yield in multichannel detector production has been low [1] depending on nonuniformity in detector performance. Also, the arrays suffered from lack of resolution in the individual pulse height distributions. This new technique, based on single active dynode operation, increases the yield in useful multiplier production to almost 100%. Furthermore, good resolution (10%FWHM) in the recorded pulse height spectra can be achieved. Capacitive coupling between adjacent channels is almost eliminated.
Sampling Time is Crucial for Measurement of Aerobic Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress (2007)

There is no best time point applying to all markers for collecting blood samples after aerobic exercise. The optimum postexercise time points for blood collection in untrained individuals are immediately after exercise for catalase, 1 h for TBARS, 2 h for TAC, GSH, and GSSG, and 4 h after exercise for protein carbonyls.
Review of Fe-6.5 wt%Si high silicon steel—A promising soft magnetic material for sub-kHz application (2019)

To meet the growing need for energy efficiency in power electronics and electric machines, a number of new soft magnetic materials are being investigated. Among them, high silicon Fe-Si alloy has been recognized as a promising candidate for low-to-medium-frequency applications. Compared to the currently most widely used 3 wt% silicon steel, the steel containing 6.5 wt% Si possesses more favorable properties, including high electrical resistivity, good saturation magnetization, and near-zero magnetostriction. However, the high silicon content facilitates the formation of ordered phases, resulting in severe brittleness that prohibits mass production using the economical conventional processing methods. A number of new processing routes have been investigated and inspiring progress has been made. Prototypes of motors and transformers using high silicon steel have been demonstrated with improved efficiency and power density. If the processing cost and limitations of size and shape are properly addressed, high silicon steel is expected to be widely adopted by the industries. Among all the investigated processing techniques, rapid solidification appears to be the most cost-effective method for mass producing thin sheet of high silicon steel. This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art of the Fe-Si based soft magnetic materials including their history, structure, properties, processing, and applications.