gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Mercuric Chloride Vapours from Incinerator Flue Gases on Calcium Hydroxide Particles (1993)

ABSTRACT The adsorption of mercuric chloride vapours on a fixed bed of calcium hydroxide fine particles has been experimentally studied. The study has been conducted at laboratory scale using simulated flue gases, constituted of mercuric chloride vapours in nitrogen, which have been in contact with a Ca(OH)2 fixed bed. The effect of the bed temperature, the inlet HgCl2 concentration, and the relative gas-solid velocity on the HgCl2 removal efficiency has been studied. The experimental results indicated that high removal efficiencies of up to 95% can be obtained. The bed temperature has been found to be the most relevant parameter; particularly as the experimental results show that the lower the bed temperature, the higher the removal efficiency. Moreover, the removal efficiency increases when the HgCl2 concentration in the inlet gas increases and when the relative gas-solid velocity decreases. A model based on a simplified expression of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm has been proposed, which is able to describe quite accurately the dependence of HgCl2 removal efficiency on the parameters investigated
Detection of microbial cells by cyclic voltammetry (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of microbial cells by cyclic voltammetryTadashi. Matsunaga and Yoichi. NambaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 4, 798–801Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00268a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00268a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views630Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Uncalibrated visual servoing with obstacle avoidance using SQP method (2009)

A new visual servoing with obstacle avoidance method is presented in this paper. The basic idea of the method is to solve a constraint optimization problem using a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method to get each control step. The objective function of the problem is a least squares of errors between the end-effector and the moving target in the image plane, and the constraint is used to ensure the end-effector keeping a safe distance from the obstacle in the visual servoing process. SQP methods are commonly used in solving static optimization problems. We extend an SQP method for dynamic target tracking problems. Besides, we employ a recursive least squares algorithm to estimate the composite image Jacobian, which maps the velocity of joint variables into the velocity of image features, online. Thus, our method does not require the priori knowledge of intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the cameras and the kinematics model of the robot. By using this method, the end-effector of the robot can track the moving target more accurately and avoid obstacle more safely than traditional obstacle avoidance methods which use the potential function. A two-degrees-of-freedom robot with a fixed camera is simulated to test the method. The simulation results validate the effective of the method.
Intraarterial Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: Significant Reduction in Occurrence of Liver Metastasis (1999)

The clinical benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients is still questionable. Phase II studies using radiochemotherapy based on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) provided evidence of an increase in median survival times. Because palliative chemotherapy by celiac artery infusion (CAI) led to an increase in survival in pancreatic cancer, we treated 24 patients with adjuvant CAI following resection of the head of the pancreas for pancreatic cancer (21 patients with Union Internationale contre le Cancer (UICC) stage III, 2 with UICC stage II, 1 with UICC stage I). Catheters were placed angiographically into the celiac artery and remained there for 5 consecutive days. One cycle of chemotherapy consisted of mitoxantrone, 5-FU, folinic acid, and cisplatinum. This treatment was repeated five times at monthly intervals. CAI was well tolerated, and World Health Organization (WHO) grade III toxicities were observed in 8%; WHO grade IV was seen in none of the treatment cycles. Furthermore, we observed pain reduction in nearly all patients under CAI. Median survival times in patients who received CAI were 23 months for all patients, whereas in patients who did not receive adjuvant treatment the median survival was 10.5 months. With Kaplan-Meier regression analysis of the patients who were curatively resected (R0 resection) and received CAI, the overall 4-year survival was 54%, whereas in patients without CAI the 4-year survival was 9.5%. The occurrence of liver metastases in the CAI group went down to 17%. These results demonstrate that CAI is well tolerated, reduces the risk of liver metastasis, and increases the survival time of pancreatic cancer patients.
Radical solutions (1998)

The consultation document on the future of the statutory bodies for nursing has some radical suggestions. On the following pages Nursing Standard begins an in depth look at the issues raised. Here Jim Port, head of the company which carried out the review, describes the first phase
An incremental constraint-based framework for task and motion planning (2018)

We present a new constraint-based framework for task and motion planning (TMP). Our approach is extensible, probabilistically complete, and offers improved performance and generality compared with a similar, state-of-the-art planner. The key idea is to leverage incremental constraint solving to efficiently incorporate geometric information at the task level. Using motion feasibility information to guide task planning improves scalability of the overall planner. Our key abstractions address the requirements of manipulation and object rearrangement. We validate our approach on a physical manipulator and evaluate scalability on scenarios with many objects and long plans, showing order-of-magnitude gains compared with the benchmark planner and improved scalability from additional geometric guidance. Finally, in addition to describing a new method for TMP and its implementation on a physical robot, we also put forward requirements and abstractions for the development of similar planners in the future.
Trends in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-1996 (1997)

Compared with recent US surveys in 1991 and 1992, isoniazid resistance has remained relatively stable. In addition, the percentage of MDR TB has decreased, although the national trend was significantly influenced by the marked decrease in New York City. Foreign-born and HIV-positive patients and those with prior TB have higher rates of resistance. The widespread extent of isoniazid resistance confirms the need for drug susceptibility testing to guide optimal treatment of patients with culture-positive disease.
The Latest Development of LiNi_(l/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(l/3)O_2 Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries (2012)

The latest achievements and progress of LiNil/3Co1/3Mnl/3O2 cathode materials are reviewed in their synthesis technology and doping and surface modification,and these cathode materials have high specific capacity,excellent cycle performance and lower cost.Their development trends are also forecasted.
More than a place to do woodwork: a case study of a community-based Men's Shed (2009)

Background: Community-based Men's Sheds programs are an example of a health promotion initiative that aims to promote psychosocial health and wellbeing in older men. A community-based Men's Shed is a large shed that supports men to come together and undertake activities, most commonly woodwork and/or metalwork. This qualitative descriptive study explores men's experiences of participating in a Men's Shed program and how these experiences may impact on their health and wellbeing. Methods: A case study of a community-based Men's Shed within a rural community was used to explore men's experiences of participating in a Men's Shed program. Qualitative descriptive methodology was used in this research. The data to build a case study were collected through in-depth interviews with participants involved in the Men's Shed. The qualitative data were analysed thematically. Results: The results of this study indicate that Men's Sheds can have a role in promoting the health and wellbeing of men who participate in them by supporting their engagement in activities they enjoy and find meaningful. This, in turn, provides a sense of purpose and identity. The social environment of Men's Sheds leads to the development of positive social relationships with other men and a sense of belonging. Reviewed literature demonstrates the importance of these psychosocial aspects for health and wellbeing. Conclusions: Men's Sheds enhance the health and wellbeing of the men who are participant in them. Elements that support Men's Sheds to be health promoting include being inclusive, providing a male-friendly space and recognising the intrinsic health benefits of Men's Sheds.
<title>Weighted Hough transform</title> (1992)

A new method is proposed here termed weighted Hough transform (WHT). The advantage of the WHT is that it can be applied to the differential image directly without the need for thresholding. In the WHT the contribution of each pixel to the parameter domain is weighted according to its value. It is well known that the performance of the conventional Hough transform is dependent on the threshold value used. The new method is therefore a generalizing of the Hough transform to overcome this problems.
Survey of the <i>trans</i>-Resveratrol and <i>trans</i>-Piceid Content of Cocoa-Containing and Chocolate Products (2008)

Dietary resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) has been implicated in the health benefits associated with grapes and red wine, more specifically with potential benefits for metabolic syndrome, energy use, and increased endurance. Levels of trans-resveratrol and its glucoside, trans-piceid, were determined in 19 top selling commercially available cocoa-containing and chocolate products from the U.S. market. Amounts of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid were closely correlated with the amount of nonfat cocoa solids (NFCS) in the cocoa-containing products. Among these products, trans-resveratrol levels were highest in cocoa powders (1.85 +/- 0.43 microg/g), followed by unsweetened baking chocolates (1.24 +/- 0.22), semisweet chocolate baking chips (0.52 +/- 0.14), dark chocolates (0.35 +/- 0.08), milk chocolates (0.10 +/- 0.05), and chocolate syrups (0.09 +/- 0.02). These cocoa-containing and chocolate products have about 3-5 times more trans-piceid than trans-resveratrol. Levels of trans-piceid were highest in the cocoa powders (7.14 +/- 0.80 microg/g), followed by unsweetened baking chocolates (4.04 +/- 0.14), semisweet chocolate baking chips (2.01 +/- 0.18), dark chocolates (1.82 +/- 0.36), milk chocolates (0.44 +/- 0.06), and chocolate syrups (0.35 +/- 0.06). On an equal weight basis, cocoa powder had about half as much trans-resveratrol as the average California red wine. On a per serving basis, cocoa-containing and chocolate products had less trans-resveratrol than red wine and grape juice but more than roasted peanuts. Overall, these cocoa-containing and chocolate products rank second after red wines and grape juice in foods with the highest levels of total trans-resveratrol in the diet.
Sensitivity Studies of the Models of Radar-Rainfall Uncertainties (2009)

Abstract It is well acknowledged that there are large uncertainties associated with the operational quantitative precipitation estimates produced by the U.S. national network of the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D). These errors result from the measurement principles, parameter estimation, and the not fully understood physical processes. Even though comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the total radar-rainfall uncertainties has been the object of earlier studies, an open question remains concerning how the error model results are affected by parameter values and correction setups in the radar-rainfall algorithms. This study focuses on the effects of different exponents in the reflectivity–rainfall (Z–R) relation [Marshall–Palmer, default Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD), and tropical] and the impact of an anomalous propagation removal algorithm. To address this issue, the authors apply an empirically based model in which the relation between true rainfall and radar rainfall could be described as the product of a systematic distortion function and a random component. Additionally, they extend the error model to describe the radar-rainfall uncertainties in an additive form. This approach is fully empirically based, and rain gauge measurements are considered as an approximation of the true rainfall. The proposed results are based on a large sample (6 yr) of data from the Oklahoma City radar (KTLX) and processed through the Hydro-NEXRAD software system. The radar data are complemented with the corresponding rain gauge observations from the Oklahoma Mesonet and the Agricultural Research Service Micronet.
Global optimization for neural network training (1996)

We propose a novel global minimization method, called NOVEL (Nonlinear Optimization via External Lead), and demonstrate its superior performance on neural network learning problems. The goal is improved learning of application problems that achieves either smaller networks or less error prone networks of the same size. This training method combines global and local searches to find a good local minimum. In benchmark comparisons against the best global optimization algorithms, it demonstrates superior performance improvement.
Plastic Highway Bridges (1991)

It is described how present research will lead to highly corrossion resistant, fiber reinforced plastic composites for bridge construction by the turn of the century. Researchers at California State Unviersity have developed and tested cables and deck sections for strength and fatigue resistance. Ongoing research in composites includes work on deck connections at the Federal Highway Adminstration, Washington, D.C., and abrasion testing on a deck section retrofitted to an existing highway bridge in Los Angeles. A number of deck connections have also been developed. The detailed design of composite strutures that requre a 3-dimensional anaysis at the member level is discussed, as well as appropriate fiber reinforcements. Link-type cables that provide continuity between the end anchorage and the main load-carrying part of the cable are discussed. Fiber reinforced plastic decks, and modular compoite deck construction are described, as well as stress and deflection calculations.
illuminaio: An open source IDAT parsing tool for Illumina microarrays (2013)

The IDAT file format is used to store BeadArray data from the myriad of genomewide profiling platforms on offer from Illumina Inc. This proprietary format is output directly from the scanner and stores summary intensities for each probe-type on an array in a compact manner. A lack of open source tools to process IDAT files has hampered their uptake by the research community beyond the standard step of using the vendor's software to extract the data they contain in a human readable text format. To fill this void, we have developed the illuminaio package that parses IDAT files from any BeadArray platform, including the decryption of files from Illumina's gene expression arrays. illuminaio provides the first open-source package for this task, and will promote wider uptake of the IDAT format as a standard for sharing Illumina BeadArray data in public databases, in the same way that the CEL file serves as the standard for the Affymetrix platform.
Disterolphospholipids: Nonexchangeable Lipids and Their Application to Liposomal Drug Delivery (2009)

Extreme makeover of cholesterol: Cholesterol exchange is a major reason for the instability of liposomes in blood. The formation of a covalent hybrid between cholesterol and glycerophosphocholine preserves the bilayer-stabilizing effect of free cholesterol but prevents its transfer from the bilayer. Thus, disterolphospholipids (e.g. 1) are valuable new components for liposome formulation.
Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) Diethyldithiocarbamate Complexes Show Various Activities Against the Proteasome in Breast Cancer Cells (2008)

A series of three complexes with diethyldithiocarbamate ligand and three different metals (Ni, Cu, Zn) was prepared, confirmed by X-ray crystallography, and tested in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Zinc and copper complexes, but not nickel complex, were found to be more active against cellular 26S proteasome than against purified 20S proteasome core particle. One of the possible explanations is inhibition of JAMM domain in the 19S proteasome lid.
The quasi‐biennial oscillation: Analysis using ERA‐40 data (2005)

The ERA‐40 data set is used to examine the equatorial quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO). The data set extends from the ground to 0.1 hPa (∼65 km) and covers a 44‐year period (January 1958 to December 2001), including 18.5 QBO cycles. Analysis of this data set of unprecedented spatial and temporal coverage has revealed a threefold structure in height in the QBO zonal wind anomalies at the equator. In addition to the well‐known twofold structure in the lower and middle stratosphere, that is, easterlies overlying westerlies or vice versa, there is a third anomaly in the upper stratosphere. The sign of this upper stratospheric anomaly is the same as the lower stratospheric anomaly, thus forming anomalies of alternating sign throughout the depth of the equatorial stratosphere. The amplitude of this upper stratospheric anomaly is ∼10 m s −1 , approximately one third of the amplitude of the lower stratospheric signal. The frequency and descent rates of the east and west QBO phases are analyzed in detail, with particular attention to any 11‐year solar cycle influence. In addition to the observed solar modulation of the duration of the QBO west phase the analysis shows a solar modulation of the mean descent rate of the easterly shear zone. The mean time required for the easterly shear zone to descend from 20 to 44 hPa is 2 months less under solar maximum conditions than under solar minimum conditions (7.4 months versus 9.7 months). This rapid descent of the easterly shear zone cuts short the west phase of the QBO in the lower stratosphere during solar maximum periods.
Targeted delivery of adenoviral vectors by cytotoxic T cells (2004)

Abstract Effective targeting of vectors to tumor cells that have metastasized to multiple different tissue sites remains a major challenge for gene therapy. Tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) have been shown in animal models and in humans to be able to cross tissue barriers and traffic to tumor cells. However, their capacity to eliminate malignancy has been limited by tumor immune evasion strategies. We now use a model of Epstein-Barr virus–mediated malignancy to show that human CTLs themselves may be modified to release therapeutic vectors following engagement of their antigen-specific receptors and that these vectors will effectively transduce and destroy tumor targets. We generated EBV-specific CTLs that were transgenic for the adenoviral E1 gene under the control of the cell activation-dependent CD40 ligand (CD40L) promoter. Following transduction with E1-deficient adenoviral vectors, these CTLs produced infectious virus when exposed to HLA-matched EBV-expressing targets, but not on exposure to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)–mismatched or otherwise irrelevant cells. This approach provides a means of delivering oncolytic/therapeutic vectors not only to locally accessible macroscopic tumors as is presently the case, but also to disseminated metastatic disease, while avoiding the risks associated with systemic administration of large doses of adenoviral vectors.
Androgen regulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) in the androgen-responsive human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. (2007)

Previous gene array data from our laboratory identified the retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) as a putative androgen-responsive gene in human prostate cancer epithelial (LNCaP) cells. In the present study, we attempted to identify if any of the three ALDH1A/RA synthesis enzymes are androgen responsive and how this may affect retinoid-mediated effects in LNCaP cells. We demonstrated that exposure of LNCaP cells to the androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) results in a 4-fold increase in ALDH1A3 mRNA levels compared with the untreated control. The mRNA for two other ALDH1A family members, ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2, were not detected and not induced by DHT in LNCaP cells. Inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) with both the antiandrogen bicalutamide and small interfering RNA for AR support that ALDH1A3 regulation by DHT is mediated by AR. Furthermore, specific inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Src family of kinases with PD98059 and PP1 supports that AR's regulation of ALDH1A3 occurs by the typical AR nuclear-translocation cascade. Consistent with an increase in ALDH1A3 mRNA, DHT-treated LNCaP cells showed an 8-fold increase in retinaldehyde-dependent NAD(+) reduction compared with control. Lastly, treatment of LNCaP with all-trans retinal (RAL) in the presence of DHT resulted in significant up-regulation of the RA-inducible, RA-metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 mRNA compared with RAL treatment alone. Taken together, these data suggest that (i) the RA biosynthesis enzyme ALDH1A3 is androgen responsive and (ii) DHT up-regulation of ALDH1A3 can increase the oxidation of retinal to RA and indirectly affect RA bioactivity and metabolism.
A Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction (New Komi Classification, Type IIIc3) with a Choledochal Cyst, Common Bile Duct Stones and Pancreatic Duct Stones (2004)

A pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is synonymous with abnormal union of the pancreaticobiliary ducts (AUPBD), anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system, etc. PBM is a congenital anomaly defined as a union of the pancreatic and biliary ducts located outside the duodenal wall. Free reflux of pancreatic juice up to the biliary tree and/or bile up to the pancreatic duct occurs. Accordingly, various pathologic conditions occur in the biliary tract and pancreas. Although the common channel is long in most cases, some patients have more complicated junctions of the pancreatic and bile ducts. We report a case of PBM with choledochal cyst and stones of the pancreaticobiliary duct in a 39year-old woman.