gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed Coverage Control for Mobile Anisotropic Sensor Networks (2018)

Distributed algorithms for (re)configuring sensors to cover a given area are important for autonomous multi-robot operations in application areas such as surveillance and environmental monitoring. Depending on the assumptions about the choice of the environment, the sensor models, the coverage metric, and the motion models of sensor nodes, there are different versions of the problem that have been formulated and studied. In this work, we consider the problem of (re)configuring systems equipped with anisotropic sensors (e.g., mobile robot with limited field of view cameras) that cover a polygonal region with polygonal obstacles for detecting interesting events. We assume that a given probability distribution of the events over this polygonal region is known. Our model has two key distinguishing features that are inherently present in covering problems with anisotropic sensors, but are not addressed adequately in the literature. First, we allow for the fact that the sensing performance may not be a monotonically decreasing function of distance. Second, motivated by scenarios where the sensing performance not only depends on the resolution of sensing, but also on the relative orientation between the sensing axis and the event, we assume that the probability of detection of an event depends on both sensing parameters and the angle of observation. We present a distributed gradient-ascent algorithm for (re)configuring the system of mobile sensors so that the joint probability of detection of events over the whole region is maximized. Simulation results illustrating the performance of our algorithms on different systems, namely, mobile camera networks, mobile acoustic sensor networks, and static pan-tilt-zoom camera networks are presented.
Ti/Al/Si Ohmic Contacts for both n-Type and p-Type 4H-SiC (2014)

An ohmic contact process by using tri-layer materials for a source contact of a silicon carbide (SiC) metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) is proposed. The authors validate its extremely low contact resistance for both n-type and p-type SiC by a simple process. The characteristics of Ti/Al/Si ohmic contacts were measured by using the transfer length method (TLM). We examined the dependence of the contact resistance on the thickness of each layer of Ti/Al/Si. Then, it is found that Ti/Al/Si contacts with an appropriate thickness show excellent ohmic properties for both n-type and p-type SiC. N-type specific contact resistance (ρ n ) of 3.7 × 10 -6 Ω cm 2 and p-type specific contact resistance (ρ p ) of 1.7 × 10 -4 Ω cm 2 are obtained with Ti (20 nm) /Al (30 nm) /Si (30 nm).
The load-balanced router (2004)

The function of a router is to switch arriving packets to their correct output destination. A router is built to achieve a specified capacity (the sum of the rates of its interfaces), and users expect a router to consistently achieve this capacity. However, no commercial high-speed router can guarantee today that it will achieve its full capacity for all arrival traffic patterns. This is because of the difficulty of scheduling its switch fabric, and will become even more difficult in the future as the number of interfaces and the interface speeds increase. 
In this thesis, we advocate the use of a load-balanced router, a router architecture that is scalable and can guarantee a full capacity. A load-balanced router consists of two stages. First, a load-balancing stage spreads arriving packets equally among linecards. Then, a forwarding stage transfers packets from the linecards to their final destination. A load-balanced router does not use any centralized scheduler. Therefore, it can scale while providing the throughput guarantees needed by network operators. 
In this thesis, we first explain how to simplify the load-balanced router architecture. While current routers commonly need switch fabrics with fast reconfiguration times, we show how to implement the load-balancing and forwarding stages of a load-balanced router using a single passive optical switch fabric with no reconfigurations. We also prove that among all possible switch fabrics with no reconfigurations, a specific load-balanced switch fabric uniquely achieves the maximum possible guaranteed capacity. A problem with the load-balanced router is that different packets of the same flow can take different paths, possibly leading to packet reordering. In this thesis, we introduce a simple distributed algorithm that can avoid packet reordering while providing delay and capacity guarantees. 
Finally, we present a practical switch fabric architecture that would enable load-balanced routers to scale to higher numbers of interfaces, and we prove that this architecture can adapt to arbitrary removals and additions of interfaces. We conclude by showing that the load-balanced router can help provide the scalability and capacity guarantees needed in the Internet.
Parallelizing security checks on commodity hardware (2008)

Speck (Speculative Parallel Check) is a system thataccelerates powerful security checks on commodity hardware by executing them in parallel on multiple cores. Speck provides an infrastructure that allows sequential invocations of a particular security check to run in parallel without sacrificing the safety of the system. Speck creates parallelism in two ways. First, Speck decouples a security check from an application by continuing the application, using speculative execution, while the security check executes in parallel on another core. Second, Speck creates parallelism between sequential invocations of a security check by running later checks in parallel with earlier ones. Speck provides a process-level replay system to deterministically and efficiently synchronize state between a security check and the original process.We use Speck to parallelize three security checks: sensitive data analysis, on-access virus scanning, and taint propagation. Running on a 4-core and an 8-core computer, Speck improves performance 4x and 7.5x for the sensitive data analysis check, 3.3x and 2.8x for theon-access virus scanning check, and 1.6x and 2x for the taint propagation check.
Calcium Chloride Added to Irrigation Water of Mushrooms ( <i>Agaricus Bisporus</i> ) Reduces Postharvest Browning (1998)

ABSTRACT The influence of 0.3% CaCl 2 added to irrigation water on mushroom tyrosinase activity and postharvest browning was examined. Calcium concentration of mushrooms was significantly increased with the addition CaCl 2 to irrigation water but had no effect on inherent tyrosinase activity but reduced postharvest browning. The CaCl 2 had even more pronounced improvement in shelf life as indicated by reduced browning following a standard bruising treatment. Transmission electron micrographs indicate that increased levels of calcium in mushrooms irrigated with CaCl 2 may have decreased browning by increasing vacuolar membrane integrity; thereby reducing the opportunity for tyrosinase to react with its substrates.
AUTOMATED DETECTION OF PEOPLE AND VEHICLES IN NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS USING HIGH TEMPORAL RESOLUTION AIRBORNE REMOTE SENSING (2012)

Advances in aerial platforms, imaging sensors, image processing/computing, geo-positioning systems, and wireless communications make near real-time detection and tracking of moving objects on the ground more practical and cost effective. In Coulter et al. (2011), we presented a methodological framework for near real-time monitoring of border areas with active and frequent illegal immigration and/or smuggling. The patent pending methodology is designed to assist law enforcement in locating and monitoring people and/or vehicles traversing the border region. The approach utilizes low cost platforms such as light aircraft (LA) or unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for repeat imaging over short time periods of minutes to hours depending on the border response zone (i.e. urban, rural, and remote). Specialized image collection and preprocessing procedures are utilized to obtain precise spatial co-registration between multitemporal image frame pairs. In addition, specialized change detection techniques are employed in order to automate the detection of people and vehicles moving within the border region. The objective of this paper is to describe the specialized techniques and provide initial results for detecting people and vehicle object changes in the context of U.S. border security. However, detection and tracking of moving objects across wide geographic areas may also be appropriate for such things as search and rescue of missing persons, wildlife tracking, and monitoring military resources or enemy movements on the battlefield. This work is developed by the National Center for Border Security and Immigration: A Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Center of Excellence.
Principales modificaciones para 2009 en la regulación general de los impuestos cedidos a las Comunidades Autónomas (2009)

Se aborda en el presente artículo las principales novedades que durante 2008 se han incorporado en la regulación de los impuestos cedidos. De entre todas ellas destaca la supresión del Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio y la adecuación del concepto de operaciones societarias a las directivas comunitarias. En otro artículo se tratarán las modificaciones introducidas en estos impuestos por parte de las distintas Comunidades Autónomas.
PTP1B and SHP2 in POMC neurons reciprocally regulate energy balance in mice (2010)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) have been shown in mice to regulate metabolism via the central nervous system, but the specific neurons mediating these effects are unknown. Here, we have shown that proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron-specific deficiency in PTP1B or SHP2 in mice results in reciprocal effects on weight gain, adiposity, and energy balance induced by high-fat diet. Mice with POMC neuron-specific deletion of the gene encoding PTP1B (referred to herein as POMC-Ptp1b-/- mice) had reduced adiposity, improved leptin sensitivity, and increased energy expenditure compared with wild-type mice, whereas mice with POMC neuron-specific deletion of the gene encoding SHP2 (referred to herein as POMC-Shp2-/- mice) had elevated adiposity, decreased leptin sensitivity, and reduced energy expenditure. POMC-Ptp1b-/- mice showed substantially improved glucose homeostasis on a high-fat diet, and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies revealed that insulin sensitivity in these mice was improved on a standard chow diet in the absence of any weight difference. In contrast, POMC-Shp2-/- mice displayed impaired glucose tolerance only secondary to their increased weight gain. Interestingly, hypothalamic Pomc mRNA and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) peptide levels were markedly reduced in POMC-Shp2-/- mice. These studies implicate PTP1B and SHP2 as important components of POMC neuron regulation of energy balance and point to what we believe to be a novel role for SHP2 in the normal function of the melanocortin system.
Balanced RFID Tag Antenna Mountable on Metallic Plates (2006)

A novel balanced tag antenna for radio frequency identification (RFID) system is presented. The radiating elements of two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) are inductively coupled by the feed loop with out of phase. The balanced structure provides smaller degradation of performances when an RFID tag is mounted on the various sizes of metal plates. The HFSS simulator is employed to analyze the proposed antenna in the design process and to compare with measured results.
Photoionization of Ce3+ in Glass (1961)

The photoionization of Ce3+ is investigated by determining the optical absorption changes and the electron spin resonance changes that occur when cerium-containing silicate glasses are illuminated with ultraviolet light. The results are: (1) The room temperature quantum yield of photoelectrons from Ce3+ is 0.1. (2) The optical absorption and the electron spin resonance bands caused by trapped photoelectrons are found. (3) A Ce3+ ion from which a fourth electron has been removed by photoionization is different from a Ce4+ ion.
Bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. (1991)

Modifications of standard therapy with melphalan and prednisone have not improved the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma. Encouraging results with high doses of intravenously administered melphalan have generated interest in marrow-ablative therapy with hemopoietic stem cell support. Experience in about 400 patients receiving alkylating agents, sometimes with added total body irradiation, demonstrates partial remissions in virtually all patients with advanced and refractory myeloma, but complete remissions (CR) in less than one-half, even when transplants were performed for responsive disease with low tumor burden. Despite patient and disease heterogeneity, different sources of hemopoietic stem cells (allogeneic or autologous, bone marrow or blood), ex vivo purging of autografts, and different preparative regimens, some general recommendations can be made: (1) Allogeneic BMT should be reserved for patients under age 50, where transplant-related mortality can be expected not to exceed 30%; 40% will achieve CR with a 3-year relapse-free survival expectation of 70%, and (2) With autologous transplantation, low mortality under 10% and marked therapeutic benefit (greater than 30% CR, 80% overall survival at greater than 3 years) seem to be achievable mainly if performed when tumor bulk is low and standard doses of therapy are still effective. Because of the encouraging results even in patients older than 60 years, hemopoietic stem cell grafting should be seriously considered as part of an overall treatment strategy, in order to avoid irreversible normal hemopoietic stem cell damage from nitrosoureas and radiation to marrow-containing bones.
Design methodology for barrier‐based two phase flow distributor (2012)

Abstract The barrier‐based distributor is a multiphase flow distributor for a multichannel microreactor which assures flow uniformity and prevents channeling between the two phases. For N number of reaction channels, the barrier‐based distributor consists of a gas manifold, a liquid manifold, N barrier channels for the gas, N barrier channels for the liquid, and N mixers for mixing the phases before the reaction channels. The flow distribution is studied numerically using a method based on the hydraulic resistive networks (RN). The single phase hydraulic RN model (Commenge et al., 2002;48:345–358) is extended for two phases gas‐liquid Taylor flow. For Re GL <30, the accuracy for the model was above 90%. The developed‐model was used to study the effects of fabrication tolerance and barrier channel dimensions. A design methodology has been proposed as an algorithm to determine the required hydraulic resistance in the barrier channels and their dimensions. This methodology is demonstrated using a numerical example. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
TET1 Exerts Its Tumor Suppressor Function by Interacting with p53-EZH2 Pathway in Gastric Cancer (2014)

TET1 protein is reported to suppress cancer invasion and metastasis in prostate and breast cancer while EZH2, a polycomb group protein, has been identified as an oncogene in many types of cancers including gastric cancer. Here we report that there is an inverse relation of the expression pattern of TET1 and EZH2 in both normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer. In gastric mucosa, EZH2 is selectively expressed in the proliferating neck cells while TET1 and 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine (5-hmc) exhibit very low expression in the neck cells. In contrast, TET1 and 5-hmc expression is high in gastric glandular epithelium while EZH2 expression is absent in this cell population. On the other hand, in proliferating Ki67-positive gastric cancer cells, EZH2 is highly expressed while TET1 and 5-hmc expression is significantly down-regulated. When the mouse homologue of human TET1 protein Tet1 is overexpressed in a gastric cancer cell line MGC-803, we observed the dramatically down-regulation of EZH2 in one-third of the Tet1 overexpressed cells. In addition, Tet1 overexpressing cells also lost the H3K27 trimethylation mark and the cell proliferation protein Ki67. Furthermore, Tet1 overexpression induced p53 tumor suppressor protein. The increase of p53 protein level is accompanied by the phosphorylation of p53 by activated DNA-PK. Together, these results suggested a mechanism by which TET1 suppresses cancer formation by coupling DNA demethylation with DNA-PK activation of p53 and suppression of oncogenic protein EZH2. Conversely, loss of TET1 and 5-hmc expression might contribute to EZH2 up-regulation during gastric cancer development.
Glyphosate resistance in four different populations of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> is associated with reduced translocation of glyphosate to meristematic zones (2004)

Summary Weed populations with resistance to glyphosate have evolved over the last 7 years, since the discovery of the first glyphosate‐resistant populations of Lolium rigidum in Australia. Four populations of L. rigidum from cropping, horticultural and viticultural areas in New South Wales and South Australia were tested for resistance to glyphosate by dose–response experiments. All populations required considerably more glyphosate to achieve 50% control compared with a known susceptible population, indicating they were resistant to glyphosate. Translocation of glyphosate within these resistant populations was examined by following the movement of radiolabelled glyphosate applied to a mature leaf. All resistant plants translocated significantly more herbicide to the tip of the treated leaf than did susceptible plants. Susceptible plants translocated twice as much herbicide to the stem meristematic portion of the plant compared with resistant plants. These different translocation patterns suggest an association between glyphosate resistance in L. rigidum and the ability of glyphosate to accumulate in the shoot meristem.
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis of Colorectal Origin (2006)

Peritoneal seeding of cancer cells possibly leading to PC is a rather common phenomenon in patients with CRC. Cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant (hyperthermic) IPEC have been shown to be efficacious in selected patients and should therefore be considered in patients with resectable PC of colorectal origin.
An electronically tunable photonic bandgap resonator controlled by piezoelectric transducer (2002)

This paper presents a new tuning method for one-dimensional (1-D) photonic bandgap (PBG) resonator using a piezoelectric transducer (PET) with calculated and measured results. A metal or dielectric layer controlled by the PET perturbs electromagnetic fields on a resonant line, changes the effective length of the resonant line, and accordingly shifts the resonant frequency. The proposed resonator has a wide band tuning capability over 17% at 10.6 GHz with small increased insertion loss. The new tuning method should have many applications in monolithic and hybrid microwave integrated circuits.
Framingham cardiovascular risk in patients with obesity and periodontitis (2014)

It was concluded that obesity and periodontal disease are cardiovascular risk factors and that the two associated inflammatory conditions potentially increases the risk for heart diseases.
Long-term Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist Therapy:The Evolving Issue of Steroidal "Add-back" Paradigms. (1995)

The introduction of steroid "add-back" regimen draws on the recognition that several clinical entities targeted for treatment with GnRHa are not "six-month diseases". Included under this heading are individuals suffering from symptomatic endometriosis (not desirous of pregnancy), uterine fibroids (ineligible or disinterested in definitive surgical therapy), ovarian hyperandrogenism, premenstrual syndrome, menopausal transition, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding. A six month course of therapy with a GnRHa does not adversely affect lipoprotein economy and therefore presumably the corresponding cardiovascular risk. A six month course of GnRHa therapy appears to be associated with a substantial decrease (of up to 8.2%) in lumbar bone density, a phenomenon which may not be entirely reversible six months after discontinuation of therapy. In principle, steroid "add-back" therapy should diminish some or all of the side effects associated with GnRHa therapy, may provide a medical treatment option for patients representing a high surgical risk, and may delay surgical intervention if desired. On the other hand, a steroid "add-back" therapy may delay tissue diagnosis, be associated with a substantial cost as well as with the need in parenteral route of administration. Norethindrone-only (but not medroxyprogesterone acetate-only) "add-back" regimens have proved promising in the context of endometriosis. Non-concurrent estrogen/progestin "add-back" regimens proved promising in the context of uterine fibroids. Substantial additional studies would have to be carried out to validate the utility of steroid "add-back" regimens. Special emphasis will have to be placed on the evaluation of long-term utility with an eye towards assessing clinical efficacy, impact on lipoprotein economy, impact on bone density, impact on urogenital tissues, and impact on the hot flash. The concurrent or non-concurrent use of non-steroid "add-back" regimen will also most likely constitute a major component of future studies.
Characterization of 25–75 nm phases found at the periphery of multiphase inclusions: techniques comparison and selection (1998)

It is believed that particular phases found at the surface of inclusions in steel welds favour the formation of acicular ferrite. Such a microstructure increases tremendously the toughness of the weld deposits. Until now, it is not clear which phases are favourable, the uncertainty being partly due to the difficulty of characterizing phases with sizes of about 100 nm at the periphery of inclusions. We compared characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectrometry and parallel electron energy‐loss spectroscopy. We found that, in general, it is possible to identify the phases unambiguously by comparing the results of energy‐dispersive spectrometry and electron diffraction patterns in the transmission electron microscope on samples prepared by carbon extraction replicas. For cases where the size is very small (< 50 nm) and/or when similarities in composition and crystal structure are difficult to differentiate, spectrum imaging using parallel electron energy‐loss spectroscopy on samples prepared by ultramicrotomy is the most powerful characterization technique.
Boron PLA for oxygen sensing & hypoxia imaging (2009)

Oxygen is essential for many forms of life and its depletion in the body and the environment can lead to deleterious effects. Low oxygen conditions, even anoxia, are associated with eutrophication of lakes and rivers, wherein an over abundance of nutrients often caused by pollution result in excessive plant growth and decay, threatening water quality, ecosystem balance, and aquatic life. In the body, low oxygen conditions or hypoxia may be generalized, as can occur at high altitude or during strenuous exercise, or localized in particular tissues, when there is a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand. Hypoxia is present in many important diseases as well. Low oxygen levels in tumors are often associated with biochemical changes, increased invasiveness, cancer progression, and resistance to radiation and chemotherapies. Vascular blockage in strokes, heart attacks, and peripheral artery disease, which is common in diabetes, are other situations where oxygen levels can drop precipitously and cause great damage to affected tissues. Clearly, innovative sensing technologies that provide new insight into these many oxygen dependent processes can impact global society in significant ways.