gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of blood group I and i antigens in rat tissues. Identification of a novel beta 1-6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. (1992)

The beta-galactoside beta 1-6- and beta 1-3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases (beta 1-6GnT and beta 1-3GnT) that synthesize blood group I and i antigens were identified in rat tissues, using pyridylaminated lacto-N-neotetraose (Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc-PA) as an acceptor. The products of the transferase reactions were separated on high performance liquid chromatography. The products of the transferase reactions were identified by 1H NMR as (formula; see text) and GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc-PA. The product for beta 1-6GnT was also identified by methylation analysis. Kinetic experiments were carried out using rat serum for beta 1-3GnT and partially purified enzyme from rat intestine for beta 1-6GnT. beta 1-3GnT has a pH optimum of 7.5 and requires Mn2+ for optimal activity. beta 1-6GnT has a pH optimum of 7.0 and does not require Mn2+. Studies on the substrate specificity of each enzyme indicated that the preferred substrate for beta 1-3GnT had the general structure Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc-OR and, for beta 1-6GnT, Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal-OR where R = sugar. This is the first demonstration that the beta 1-6GnT acts on an internal galactose of lacto-N-neotetraose and paragloboside, and the enzyme appears to be a novel enzyme in terms of substrate specificity.
Textile coloration and finishing (1997)

The book comprises chapters titled Textile chemicals (water, acid, bases, salts, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and polymers); Preparation for dyeing and finishing (heat setting, singeing, desizing, size reclamation, scouring, bleaching, continuous ranges, mercerization, and liquid ammonia treatment); Color (light, object, observer, color measurement, color mixing, laws of absorption of light by transparent and opaque objects, the Munsell and CIE color order systems, CIELab color space, and expression of color differences); Dyeing principles (interaction of components in a dyeing system, variables in dyeing, and absorption of dye from the dyebath); Dyes (dye classes by application method, chemical structure, and application, and direct, sulfur, azoic, reactive, vat, acid, basic, and disperse dyes); Dyeing and printing processes (batch and continuous dyeing processes and printing); Finishing (mechanical and chemical finishing); and Textile chemical processes (applicators, dryers, and steamers).
Hypoxic Culture Maintains Self-Renewal and Enhances Embryoid Body Formation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2010)

Hypoxic environment is theoretically more physiological for the growth of human embryonic stem (hES) cells. It has been reported that hypoxic culture maintained better undifferentiation of hES cells, but the effects on differentiation are less well established. The hES cells were thus cultured and compared in hypoxia (2% oxygen [O2]) and normoxia (21% O2). The data showed that the undifferentiated state of hES cells was maintained more favorably in hypoxia during prolonged culture. Most tested genes belonging to FGF, TGF-beta/GMP, and Wnt signaling pathways were enriched in undifferentiated hES cells and downregulated upon differentiation, accompanied with differential expression of FGFR1, FGFR2, and FRAT2 between hypoxia and normoxia. Higher P-Smad2/3 level was identified in hypoxia, favoring the maintenance of hES cells in undifferentiation. Bisulfite sequencing showed similar imprinting status between different O2 tensions at H19 differentially methylated region (DMR) and KvDMR loci. Embryoid body formation was enhanced in hypoxia accompanied with suppressed Sox17, Desmin, Gata4, Brachyury, and Cdx2 expression. We concluded that hypoxia improved self-renewal of hES cells through modulation of major signaling pathways and was also more efficient for differentiation to embryoid bodies, though they might present with suppressed expression of some lineage-specific genes across all the three embryonic germ layers and trophectoderm.
The New Grove Book of Operas (1996)

Over 250 operas are described in this book, most of which have been performed in the major opera houses of the English-speaking world since the 1970s. A handful of additional works have been selected by Stanley Sadie - operas that lend themselves to CD recording or festival revival. The operas are listed in alphabetical order. In addition to a full synopsis of every plot, there is a cast list and a note of the singers in the original production, as well as information about the origins of the work and its literary and social background. Each contribution concludes with a brief comment on its place in operatic history. There is also a listing by composer, a glossary and indexes of the names of operatic characters and the first line of arias. The illustrations shows how opera has been staged from its beginnings to deconstructed productions.
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Postoperative Adjuvant Interferon Therapy After Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2007)

In a group of patients with predominantly hepatitis B-related HCC, adjuvant interferon therapy showed a trend for survival benefit, primarily in those with pTNM stage III/IVA tumors. Further larger randomized trials stratified for stage are needed.
Character and Preparation of Nano-SiO<sub>2</sub>/PI Composites by Sol-Gel Method (2014)

Polyimide/nano-SiO 2 (PI/SiO 2 ) composites with different contents of SiO 2 were prepared by in situ polymerization. The transmittance, solubility, thermal property, flame retardant properties and mechanics properties of PI/nano-SiO 2 composites were investigated. The results showed that with the increased addition of SiO 2 content, the transmittance of PI/SiO 2 compositions reduced; tensile strength changed with the amount of nanometer powder, when the addition content was 10 wt%, it achieve the maximum value. Thermal resistance of the composite was improved obviously while with the amount of nanometer powder increased, volume resistivity coefficient of volume resistance would have decreased.
We want to work! (2005)

Black mental health service users want to be taken seriously when it comes to employment, but they often don't feel they are. Eileen Philip recently interviewed three black male service users and here she reports some of the issues they highlighted as important.
A NONHEREDITARY, HOST-INDUCED VARIATION OF BACTERIAL VIRUSES (1952)

In this article, Luria reported that some bacteria, when infected with phage, would modify the phage in such a way so that
 it cannot reproduce in that particular bacteria type. However, the variation gives the phage the ability to infect a different
 bacterial species, in this instance Shigella. This is the first instance of the phenomenon of restriction and modification
 that would soon after be explained by the discovery of restriction enzymes in bacteria. Luria's work with Human, which
 described bacterial restriction-modification systems, eventually led to the discovery of restriction enzymes.
Anti-TNF-α treatment for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis (2013)

This review was updated in 2012. The results of the original review published in 2010 remain unchanged. There is still not enough evidence to support the use of anti-TNF-α drugs in the management of women with endometriosis for the relief of pelvic pain.
The RoboKnee: an exoskeleton for enhancing strength and endurance during walking (2004)

Exoskeletons that enhance human strength, endurance, and speed while being transparent to the wearer are feasible. In order to be transparent, the exoskeleton must determine the user's intent, apply forces when and where appropriate, and present low impedance to the wearer. We present a one degree of freedom exoskeleton called the RoboKnee which achieves a high level of transparency. User intent is determined through the knee joint angle and ground reaction forces. Torque is applied across the knee in order to allow the user's quadriceps muscles to relax. Low impedance is achieved through the use of series elastic actuators. The RoboKnee allows the wearer to climb stairs and perform deep knee bends while carrying a significant load in a backpack. The device provides most of the energy required to work against gravity while the user stays in control, deciding when and where to walk, as well as providing balance and control. Videos, photographs, and more information about the RoboKnee can be found at http://www.yobotics.com.
A CASE OF MASSIVE SPONTANEOUS HEMOTHORAX DIAGNOSED BY THORACOSCOPIC SURGERY (1997)

A 34-year-old man, with a history of chest trauma due to a motor vehicle accident two months before, developed a right chest pain on the day before admission. He was admitted to the hospital because of a rapidly increasing right chest pain and dyspnea. Portable chest X-ray examination revealed massive right plural effusion with a small amount of air. Intercostal drainage produced 1200ml of heavy blood-stained fluid in 8 hours. Eight hours after admission, a thoracoscopic surgery was performed with the definite diagnosis and management of a right hemothorax. Thoracoscopic examination revealed an actively bleeding torn adhesion in the right apex, without blebs over the lung. The bleeding vesseels was cauterized and ligated with surgical clip. We concluded that the hemothorax was associated with a minimal pneumothorax.
A transistor power converter-amplifier (1959)

A COKVENTIONAL TRANSISTOR power converter utilizes only the switching properties of the transistors and is not useful for amplification purposes. Signal amplification along with power conversion may be obtained if the linear gain characteristics of the transistors are utilized.
Thermal oxidation of hafnium silicide films on silicon (1980)

Hafnium silicide films on silicon substrates were oxidized in dry oxygen or in oxygen bubbled through boiling water in the temperature range 400–1000 °C. The progress of the oxidation was followed by measuring the conductivity of the specimen and by Auger analysis. Hafnium silicide films oxidized rapidly even at temperatures below 700 °C; for example, at 700 °C a∼1400-Å silicide film was completely oxidized in 20 min. This oxidation behavior is distinctly different from that of most other silicides on silicon which tend to grow SiO2 instead of the oxidized silicide. The oxidized silicide film inhibited further oxidation of the silicon substrate in dry oxygen but not in steam.
Computational Intelligence Method in Multi-Objective Optimization (2006)

Decision makings may be formulated as optimization problem with multiple objectives, and a final decision is made from the set of Pareto optimal solutions which is called as Pareto frontier in the objective space. For searching Pareto frontier, so-called MOGA has been applied. On the other hand, the forms of objective functions in engineering design cannot be given explicitly in terms of design variable. In this situation, the values of objective functions can be evaluated by some analyses, which are usually very expensive. However, existing MOGAs need a large number of function evaluations for generating Pareto optimal solutions. Therefore, in order to decrease the number of function evaluations, this paper proposes a hybrid technique of MOGA introducing a prediction of objective function by support vector regression. Through the numerical examples, the effectiveness of the proposed method will be shown
Demonstration of enhanced performance of an InP/InGaAs heterojunction phototransistor with a base terminal (1991)

The optical gain and the small-signal frequency response of an InP/InGaAs heterojunction phototransistor (HPT) with a base terminal are investigated in detail for the first time. When operated under an optimally chosen external base current, the optical gain is enhanced more than five times over that of the same device operated as a two-terminal device, over a 17-dB range of input optical power. The small-signal 3-dB bandwidth of the three-terminal device is enhanced 15 times over that of the two-terminal device over the same range of input optical power. For a pseudorandom NRZ bit stream at 100 Mb/s, a clear eye opening is observed at an incident optical power of -33 dBm (500 nW).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Ties that Bind: The Decision to Co‐Offend in Fraud (2013)

It is frequently observed that fraud has a greater economic impact on society than any other category of crime. Arguing that both research and practitioner frameworks in auditing and forensic accounting have tended to adopt an individualizing perspective predicated primarily on solo offending, this article adopts an inductive approach to consider why individuals co‐offend in fraud. It reports the results of a set of interviews with 37 individuals convicted of a range of frauds including financial statement fraud, insider trading, credit card fraud, money laundering, and asset misappropriation. In each instance, the fraud was perpetrated by a group of two or more co‐offenders. Based on inductive, exploratory case coding, we find that reasons for co‐offending vary according to the type of bond that exists between co‐offenders. Two dimensions of fraudulent co‐offending are identified—the primary beneficiary of the fraud and the nature of group attachment—to derive three distinct archetypes of bonds between co‐offenders: (1) individual‐serving functional bonds, (2) organization‐serving functional bonds, and (3) affective bonds. Key elements of each archetype as well as their impact on the decision to co‐offend are examined. Our findings suggest that the social nature of fraud is not merely an incidental feature of the crime but is instead a potential key to understanding its etiology and some of its distinctive features. They also support the need for diagnostic tools to move beyond individualistic analyses of fraud toward a broader, group‐sensitive assessment of fraud risk.
Fast test method for serial A/D and D/A converters (2003)

An efficient test method for so-called serial analog/digital (A/D) and D/A converters which can be executed on digital automated test equipment is described. The method is applicable for stand-alone converters and for mixed-signal devices containing this type of converters. The proposed solution makes use of some special properties of serial converters. The method consists of a measurement of the output quantity at a number of stationary inputs, distributed over a full input range. The static transfer curve is determined by a number of DC measurements. An accurate DC source is required for testing the sigma-delta modulators, and a low-speed digitizer is needed for the serial D/A. In addition, simple computations must be performed on the acquired data (Fourier transforms are not necessary). A reduction of test time and computational effort is claimed, still giving sufficient information on gain, offset, noise and distortion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Perspective of Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer (2016)

In cancer patients, the immune system is often altered with an excess of inhibitory factors, such as immunosuppressive cytokines, produced by regulatory T cells (Treg) or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). The manipulation of the immune system has emerged as one of new promising therapies for cancer treatment, and also represents an attractive strategy to control prostate cancer (PCa). Therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been the most investigated in clinical trials. Many trials are ongoing to define the effects of immune therapy with established treatments: androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT). This article discusses some of these approaches in the context of future treatments for PCa.
A Direct Effect of Insulin on Fatty Acid Monodesaturation in the Perfused Mouse Liver (1975)

Conference Article| August 01 1975 A Direct Effect of Insulin on Fatty Acid Monodesaturation in the Perfused Mouse Liver D. MICHAEL; D. MICHAEL 1Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London SW7 2AZ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W. SALMON; W. SALMON 1Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London SW7 2AZ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DOUGLAS A. HEMS DOUGLAS A. HEMS 1Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London SW7 2AZ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1975) 3 (4): 510–512. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0030510 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. MICHAEL, W. SALMON, DOUGLAS A. HEMS; A Direct Effect of Insulin on Fatty Acid Monodesaturation in the Perfused Mouse Liver. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1975; 3 (4): 510–512. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0030510 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1975 Biochemical Society1975 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Extracting transmission networks from phylogeographic data for epidemic and endemic diseases: Ebola virus in Sierra Leone, 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza and polio in Nigeria (2015)

POTN is complementary to available tools on densely-sampled data, fails gracefully on under-sampled data and is scalable to accommodate larger datasets. We provide further evidence for the utility of phylogeography for understanding transmission networks of rapidly evolving epidemics. We propose simple heuristic criteria to identify how sampling rates and disease dynamics interact to determine fundamental limitations of phylogeographic inference.
Suppression of lysyl-tRNA synthetase, KRS, causes incomplete epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ineffective cell-extracellular matrix adhesion for migration (2016)

The cell-adhesion properties of cancer cells can be targeted to block cancer metastasis. Although cytosolic lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) functions in protein synthesis, KRS on the plasma membrane is involved in cancer metastasis. We hypothesized that KRS is involved in cell adhesion-related signal transduction for cellular migration. To test this hypothesis, colon cancer cells with modulated KRS protein levels were analyzed for cell-cell contact and cell-substrate adhesion properties and cellular behavior. Although KRS suppression decreased expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules, cells still formed colonies without being scattered, supporting an incomplete epithelial mesenchymal transition. Noteworthy, KRS-suppressed cells still exhibited focal adhesions on laminin, with Tyr397-phopshorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), but they lacked laminin-adhesion-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and paxillin activation. KRS, p67LR and integrin α6β1 were found to interact, presumably to activate ERK for paxillin expression and Tyr118 phosphorylation even without involvement of FAK, so that specific inhibition of ERK or KRS in parental HCT116 cells blocked cell-cell adhesion and cell-substrate properties for focal adhesion formation and signaling activity. Together, these results indicate that KRS can promote cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion for migration.
제스처 인식에 의한 3차원 영상 네비게이션 (2004)

본 연구에서는 그림 속으로의 여행 기법을 구현하였으며, 마우스 및 키보드를 대신하여 제스처 인식을 사용함으로서 네비게이션이 쉽고 편리해짐을 증명하였다. 그림 속으로의 여행 기법은 한 장의 영상으로부터 간단한 방법으로 3차원 애니메이션을 만들 수 있는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 Horry 및 Pho가 제안한 방법을 PC 상에서 구현하여 2차원 영상을 3차원 네비게이션이 가능한 영상으로 변환하였다. 사용자 인터페이스인 손 모양 제스처 인식은 크게 3개의 타입으로 개발되었으며 Type-1은 대기(wait)를, Type-2는 2D 상의 각종 방향 지시를, Type-3는 3D 공간상의 위와 아래를 지정할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 개발된 세 타입의 손 제스처는 3D 랜더링된 영상속에서 가상 마우스 및 키보드의 역할을 담당하며, 이러한 손 모양 제스처를 이용함으로서 사용자는 3D 공간상에서 자유롭고 간편하게 투어링이 가능해 졌다.
PC based high resolution ECG system (2002)

A PC-based high-resolution electrocardiography system is developed. The system consists of an add-on card, a computer and a printer. The add-on card has all the analog and digital circuits needed for data acquisition. Bipolar X, Y, Z signals are first acquired to RAM without any interruption and then transferred to disc. Two-Mbyte RAM is required for uninterrupted 2.5-minute raw data to be collected. An operator-controlled template selection is followed by signal averaging, high-pass filtering (25-250 Hz) and calculation of Simson's criteria for detection of late potentials. It is shown that terminal portion of the QRS can be modeled as sum of decaying sinusoids with less than 25-Hz frequency. When this model signal is estimated and subtracted from the QRS signals, higher-frequency (25-250 Hz) activity is much better isolated both in the time and the frequency domains.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The embryonic transcription factor stage specific activator protein contains a potent bipartite activation domain that interacts with several RNA polymerase II basal transcription factors. (1996)

Stage specific activator protein (SSAP) is a member of a newly discovered class of transcription factors that contain motifs more commonly found in RNA-binding proteins. Previously, we have shown that SSAP specifically binds to its recognition sequence in both the double strand and the single strand form and that this DNA-binding activity is localized to the N-terminal RNA recognition motif domain. Three copies of this recognition sequence constitute an enhancer element that is directly responsible for directing the transcriptional activation of the sea urchin late histone H1 gene at the midblastula stage of embryogenesis. Here we show that the remainder of the SSAP polypeptide constitutes an extremely potent bipartite transcription activation domain that can function in a variety of mammalian cell lines. This activity is as much as 3 to 5 times stronger than VP16 at activating transcription and requires a large stretch of amino acids that contain glutamine-glycine rich and serine-threonine-basic amino acid rich regions. We present evidence that SSAP's activation domain shares targets that are also necessary for activation by E1a and VP16. Finally, SSAP's activation domain is found to participate in specific interactions in vitro with the basal transcription factors TATA-binding protein, TFIIB, TFIIF74, and dTAF(II) 110.
Corpus callosum and limbic system: neuroanatomic MR evaluation of developmental anomalies. (1986)

Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a complex malformation of the brain that has been associated with varying degrees of limbic system maldevelopment. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 11 patients with callosal agenesis (seven total, four partial) who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, with particular attention to the associated malformations of the limbic system. Comparison was made with selected images from MR examinations of healthy volunteers and with necropsy specimens from other patients with callosal agenesis. Ten of 11 patients demonstrated limbic anomalies (severe motion artifact precluded evaluation of these structures in one patient). MR depicted not only the abnormalities intrinsic to callosal agenesis but also the frequently associated malformations of the limbic system.