gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility of High-Porosity ATPB Drainage Layer Materials Using Modified Dynamic Modulus Test (2016)

Asphalt-treated permeable base (ATPB) mixtures have been widely applied for drainage layers in pavements to avoid moisture-induced problems in the United States. However, with frequent exposure to water, the ATPB drainage layer itself is at high risk of moisture damage. In this study, the dynamic modulus and phase angle are used as the indicators to evaluate the potential moisture-induced deterioration of typical ATPB materials adopted in Virginia and Oklahoma. The modified dynamic modulus test appropriate for testing drainage layer materials with moisture deterioration were determined and adopted. Comparisons between the dynamic modulus of the conditioned and unconditioned specimens primarily show that the moisture-induced dynamic modulus reduction tend to be larger as the voids in total mixture (VTM) increases, and the drainage layer materials may become more sensitive to VTM but less sensitive to temperature after being conditioned in moist environment. The investigation of phase angle ratio and storage modulus ratio further reveals that moisture conditioning also influences the viscoelastic characteristics of the ATPB materials especially at larger VTMs. In addition, corresponding field performance is also evaluated and found to be consistent with the laboratory-determined moisture resistance for the ATPB-VA mixture by far.
Power-by-light systems and their components: an evaluation (1991)

This paper describes the testing of small sized systems and their components that use power-by-light (PBL) to transfer energy across a barrier. The PBL systems used improved high power laser diodes, large numerical aperture fibers, improved high efficient, high power solar cells, and low input-to-high output voltage dc-dc converters. The laser diodes emitted up to 3.6 W continuously by converting approximately 40% of its electrical power to light power into fibers that transmitted up to 92% of its incident energy flux. The specially fabricated solar cell converted 46% of its incident light power to electrical power at a fill factor of 89%. The most efficient 100- and 220-mJ PBL systems charged capacitors in 0.64 and 0.8 s for a total system efficiency of 3.4 and 5.5%. Expected improvements could yield system efficiencies of 12%.
Driver models for personalised driving assistance (2015)

We propose a learning-based driver modelling approach which can identify manoeuvres performed by drivers on the highway and predict the future driver inputs. We show how this approach can be applied to provide personalised driving assistance. In a first example, the driver model is used to predict unintentional lane departures and a model predictive controller is used to keep the car in the lane. In a second example, the driver model estimates the preferred acceleration of the driver during lane keeping, and a model predictive controller is implemented to provide a personalised adaptive cruise control. For both applications, we use a combination of real data and simulation to evaluate the proposed approaches.
Accuracy of linear measurement in Galileos cone beam CT under simulated clinical condition (2009)

<p><strong>Objective</strong> : To determine if the linear measurements made in Galileos CBCT in the presence of soft tissue using cadaver heads are accurate.</p> <p><strong>Materials and methods</strong> : CBCT images were obtained in Galileos CBCT device after placement of gutta percha markers, three to the facial and one to the lingual of the area of interest in the mandible. The CBCT orthoradial image showing perfect alignment of the lingual with a facial marker was selected as the plane of measurement. The distance between the most superior and most inferior point on the bone on the selected plane was measured electronically. The specimens were sectioned along this plane and physical measurements were obtained with digital calipers. Linear distance was measured between the most superior and most inferior point on the bone on the selected plane. This distance was measured in 6 specimens with calipers and compared to the distance measured on the corresponding CBCT images.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: A paired-sample t-test was used to determine whether the mean difference measurement value of two measurements at right side was significantly equal to zero. The data revealed that overall there was no statistically significant difference between CBCT and Physical measurement on right side (p=0.2298), left side (p=0.3554) and overall between CBCT and Physical measuremnets (p=0.2684).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Based on the statistical evaluation of the CBCT and Physical measurements it can be concluded that Galileos CBCT unit is reliable for evaluation of linear measurements between anatomic structures within the bone in the presence of soft tissues in the mandible specially for measuring height of available bone.</p>
Characterization of the r-state insulin hexamer and its derivatives. The hexamer is stabilized by heterotropic ligand binding interactions (1991)

1H NMR and UV-visible electronic absorption studies have been performed to investigate the effects of anions and cyclic organic molecules on the interconversion of the T- and R-conformational states (Kaarsholm et al., 1989) of hexameric M (II)-substituted insulin in solution (M = Zn or Co.). Two ligand binding processes that stabilize the R-state conformation of the M(II)-substituted insulin hexamer [M(II)-R6] have been distinguished: (i) The binding of neutral organic molecules to the six, crystallographically identified, protein pockets in the Zn(II)-R6 insulin hexamer (Derewenda et al. 1989) generate homotropic site-site interactions that stabilize the R-state. Cyclohexanol, phenol, 4-nitrophenol, and 4-hydroxymethylbenzoate are shown to bind at these sites. (ii) The coordination of singly charged anions that are able to gain access to the two HisB10 coordinated metal ions of the M(II)-R6 hexamer stabilizes the R-state. Adducts of the M(II)-R6 hexamer are formed, thereby, in which the solvent-accessible fourth coordination position of the M(II) ion is replaced by a competing anion. Binding to these two classes of sites introduces strong heterotropic interactions that stabilize the R-state. UV-visible spectral data and apparent affinity constants for the adducts formed by the Co(II)-R6 hexamer with a wide range of anionic ligands are presented. The Co(II)-R6 adducts have a strong preference for the formation of pseudotetrahedral Co(II) centers. The HCO3- and pyridine-2-thiolate ions form Co(II)-R6 adducts that are proposed to possess pentacoordinate Co(II) geometries. The relevance of the Co(II)-R6 complexes to carbonic anhydrase catalysis and zinc enzyme model systems is discussed.
ADDITION OF LOW INTENSITY RESISTANCE EXERCISE TO HIGH INTENSITY RESISTANCE EXERCISE INCREASES MUSCULAR STRENGTH. (2002)

In our earlier studies, we have demonstrated that growth hormone secretion is increased by performing a single set of low intensity resistance exercise [50% of 1 repetition maximum (RM)] immediately after high intensity resistance exercise (five sets at 90% of 1RM; Strength-up type). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of this training regimen (C50-type) on muscle adaptations to periodized training program. METHODS: Sixteen active male subjects were assigned to either BC group (N = 7) or BS group (N= 9). During the first 4 wk (P-1), both groups performed Bulk-up type training regimen consisting of six sets at 80–40% of 1RM with 30- sec or 3-min rest periods between sets. After that, during the later 4 wk (P-2), BC group and BS group performed C50-type (BC group) and Strength-up type regimen (BS group), respectively. The training was conducted two times per week using two exercises (leg press, leg extension) for 8 wk. Maximal muscular strength (1RM), power (isokinetic strength) and muscular endurance and muscle cross- sectional area of the thigh (CSA) were determined at 0 wk, after 4 wk and 8 wk of the training. RESULTS: During the P-1 (0–4 wk), similar amount of increases in each parameter were observed in the both groups. However, during the P-2 (4–8 wk), increases in 1RM, maximal isokinetic strength and muscular endurance were significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the BC group than in the BS group. While CSA in the BS group was unchanged or slightly decreased during the P-2, CSA in the BC group was slightly increased. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that C50-type regimen can elicit a greater increase in muscular strength, endurance and CSA when compared Strength-up type regimen.
Can Neural Networks Understand Logical Entailment? (2018)

We introduce a new dataset of logical entailments for the purpose of measuring models' ability to capture and exploit the structure of logical expressions against an entailment prediction task. We use this task to compare a series of architectures which are ubiquitous in the sequence-processing literature, in addition to a new model class---PossibleWorldNets---which computes entailment as a "convolution over possible worlds". Results show that convolutional networks present the wrong inductive bias for this class of problems relative to LSTM RNNs, tree-structured neural networks outperform LSTM RNNs due to their enhanced ability to exploit the syntax of logic, and PossibleWorldNets outperform all benchmarks.
On the Security of a Variation of Cramer-Shoup's Public Key Scheme (2002)

In this paper, we show that a recently proposed variation of Cramer-Shoup’s public key scheme is insecure against the adaptive chosen ciphertext attack. Moreover, we showed that the proposed scheme doesn’t satisfy the non-malleability property, even under the weakest attack model ⎯ the chosen plaintext attack.
Novel sulfonated hydrogel composite with the ability to inhibit proteases and bacterial growth (2005)

There is a growing interest in the development of wound dressings that possess functionality beyond providing physical protection and an optimal moisture environment for the wound. To this end, a novel dressing material based on a sulfonated triblock polymer has been developed. This versatile polymer possesses an ion-exchange capability that is amenable to binding and controlled release of a variety of therapeutic agents. This sulfonated polymer offers several advantages over existing commercial hydrogels used as wound dressings. These include (1) hydrophilicity that is proportional to sulfonation level, (2) easy preparation of fabric supported dressings (e.g., polyester, cotton, nylon), (3) excellent mechanical integrity of the materials when hydrated, (4) stability to a variety of chemistries, and (5) stability to a variety of sterilization methodologies. In this study, polymer was coated onto a polyester fabric and then modified by ion exchange to prepare the sodium, silver, or doxycycline salts. These sulfonated triblock polymer formulations were then evaluated for their capacity to sequester the neutrophil proteases, elastase, and collagenase-2 (MMP-8). Several of the formulations were found to sequester significant amounts of either elastase or collagenase. These formulations were demonstrated to be tested against a commercially available dressing that is currently marketed for its protease-inhibiting capability. The experimental dressing was statistically superior to the commercial dressing at inhibiting MMP-8 and elastase under the same conditions.
Optimal dencentralized regulation for a string of coupled systems (1974)

Decentralized regulation for a string of coupled linear systems is studied. Available to each controller is localized information, represented by linear functions of the state. Necessary conditions for the optimal time-invarient linear regulators are established. The theory can be applied for designing simple on-board computers for regulating a string of moving vehicles.
An agent architecture for supporting individualized services in Internet applications (2002)

This paper presents the agent architecture of an Internet application development tool called Distributed Interactive Web-site Builder (DIWB). Together with the component object model and a layering framework, the agent architecture can be used to build Internet applications that support individualized services. The DIWB can construct pages dynamically at runtime and can be easily customized for individual users. The architecture consists of two cooperating agents that compose pages at runtime using components and data stored in various databases (agencies). The page agent composes a page by retrieving page definition and requesting the component agent to construct individual components. The component agent retrieves user preferences, and page component definitions from the databases and returns the results to the page agent.
ERK5 Is a Novel Type of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Containing a Transcriptional Activation Domain (2000)

Previous studies have shown that upregulation of the orphan steroid receptor Nur77 is required for the apoptosis of immature T cells in response to antigen receptor signals. Transcriptional upregulation of Nur77 in response to antigen receptor signaling involves two binding sites for the MEF2 family of transcription factors located in the Nur77 promoter. Calcium signals greatly increase the activity of MEF2D in T cells via a posttranslational mechanism. The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase ERK5 was isolated in a yeast two-hybrid screen using the MADS-MEF2 domain of MEF2D as bait. ERK5 resembles the other MAP kinase family members in its N-terminal half, but it also contains a 400-amino-acid C-terminal domain of previously uncharacterized function. We report here that the C-terminal region of ERK5 contains a MEF2-interacting domain and, surprisingly, also a potent transcriptional activation domain. These domains are both required for coactivation of MEF2D by ERK5. The MEF2-ERK5 interaction was found to be activation dependent in vivo and inhibitable in vitro by the calcium-sensitive MEF2 repressor Cabin 1. The transcriptional activation domain of ERK5 is required for maximal MEF2 activity in response to calcium flux in T cells, and it can activate the endogenous Nur77 gene when constitutively recruited to the Nur77 promoter via MEF2 sites. These studies provide insights into a mechanism whereby MEF2 activity can respond to calcium signaling and suggest a novel, unexpected mechanism of MAP kinase function.
Survivin and pancreatic cancer (2011)

Pancreatic cancer is estimated to be the fourth most common cancer in men and fifth in women in the world and has poor prognosis. In recent years, more and more effort has been put on the relationship between pancreatic cancer and apoptosis. As a newly discovered inhibitor of apoptosis, survivin has drawn more attention. Strong evidence has shown that survivin is expressed in pancreatic cancer cells on frozen sections. Survivin increases in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its expression can be a marker in evaluating the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Survivin itself may be a new target in the treatment of pancreatic cancer and a survivin DNA vaccine could generate specific antitumor effects in pancreatic carcinoma models.
SAT-Based Predicate Abstraction of Programs (2005)

Component Formal Reasoning Technology, ComFoRT, is a model-checking-based approach for analysis of component-based software designs. ComFoRT is designed to be used in a prediction-enabled component technology (PECT). A PECT provides a means to reliably predict the runtime qualities (e.g., performance and reliability) of assemblies of components from their certifiable properties (e.g., execution time and behavioral descriptions). ComFoRT uses an abstraction-based approach to cope with the complexity of analysis by reducing the size of the program models to be analyzed. This note presents technical details of a SAT-based predicate abstraction technique used in ComFoRT. The main advantage of the SAT-based method over conventional predicate abstraction techniques is that it does not require an exponential number of theorem prover calls for computing an abstract model. Additionally, the SAT-based approach computes a more precise and safe abstraction compared to existing predicate abstraction methods.
Conditions for Network-Element-Value Solvability (1962)

The concept of network-element-value solvability is introduced and its importance in the establishment of methods of automatic trouble-shooting of electronic equipment is pointed out. First, a set of definitions is given which enables an objective discussion to be made of network solvability of arbitrary passive, linear, lumped parameter networks with respect to a restricted set of external terminals (available and partly available). Next, a relation is obtained connecting the number of available and partly available terminals of a network with the number of admittance functions determining the measurable behavior of the network. Theorems A, B and C then give solvability conditions for purely resistive networks. It is shown that the theory developed can be extended to include networks with internal energy sources (Theorem D). A general necessary condition for network-element-value solvability is then obtained (Theorems E and F). Finally, examples are given showing applications and limitations of the theorems obtained.
Improvement in birefringent filters 4: The alternate partial polarizer filter (1976)

A design for a birefringent filter is proposed in which alternate polarizers are partial polarizers. Calculated performance characteristics of alternate partial polarizer filters (APP) are compared with those of Lyot and contrast element Lyot filters. These calculations show that the APP design has significant advantages in both transmission and profile shape. Using pulse techniques, partial polarizer systems are shown to be a natural evolution from the standard Lyot and contrast element Lyot systems. The APP filter using achromatic waveplates discussed in earlier papers of this series has been used to construct a universal alternate partial polarizer filter. This filter has a measured full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 0.09 A at 5500 A and a transmission in polarized light of 38%. It is tunable from 4500 A to 8500 A. The measured characteristics of the filter agree well with theoretical predictions.
The Effect of Antioxidants on Suppression of Thermal Degradation of Insulation Material (2006)

Thermal degradation of EPDM and the effect of antioxidants on the degradation of EPDM was investigated. Using FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer) micrometer the degree of degradation was analyzed. A new evaluation method of mapping measurement was introduced and showed to be very useful. Among oxidants studied, the phenolic antioxidant 4,4'-tiobis(3-methyl-6-tert.-Butyl phenol was confirmed to be useful. A synergetic effects between phenolic antioxidant 2,2'-methylene- bis (4-methyl-6-tert.buthylphenol) and sulfur type antioxidant, dilauryl thiodipropionate, was also confirmed. The temperature dependence of thermal degradation of EPDM was also analyzed.
The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Emergency Medical Assistance (2019)

Present article proposes an approach to increase the efficiency of emergency medical assistance during an emergency situation based on the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a medical manipulator and special equipment as part of a mobile telemedicine complex. The proposed approach can reduce the time frame for providing medical assistance and significantly increase the likelihood of providing medical assistance during the "golden hour".
Roaming from one G to another (2004)

The introduction of 3G technology brings a range of previously unavailable multimedia services to the mobile user. However, it also presents operators and equipment designers with a number of fresh challenges. One of these challenges is that, until complete 3G coverage is achieved, if it ever occurs, users will depend on the existing 2G/2.5G networks to ensure complete coverage. To achieve this, they will need to roam ubiquitously and seamlessly between the two different radio access technologies (RAT). Inter-RAT (or intersystem) handover is the process of maintaining a phone connection while moving from one cell to another of different RAT. A number of solutions have been developed to overcome the problems specifically associated with inter-RAT handover between UMTS and GSM/GPRS. The article discusses some of them.
Antibacterial Activity of Nitropyrroles, Nitrothiophenes, and Aminothiophenes In Vitro (1975)

The antibacterial activities of nitropyrroles, nitrothiophenes, and aminothiophenes were studied. Replacement of the nitro group with an amino group enhanced the activity of the thiophene compounds.
RJMCMC point process sampler for single sensor source separation : an application to electric load monitoring (2009)

This paper presents an original method to separate the residential electric load into its major components. The method is explained in the particular case of space-heating, which is the most consuming electric end-use in France 1. This is a source separation problem from a single mixture. The components to be retrieved are square signals characterized by a periodic regulation and a slowly timevarying duty cycles. A point process is used to model the electric load as a configuration of possibly overlapping square signals, given the priors on magnitude, duty cycle variations and the regulation periodicity. This stochastic process is simulated using a Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo procedure. A simulated annealing scheme is used to achieve the posterior density maximization. First results on real data provided by Electricité de France are quite encouraging. 1.
Negotiation-Based Approach to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2006)

We present a framework for agent based aircraft deconfliction mechanism to enable efficient airspace use by various UAVs during coalition operations. In our approach, each vehicle is autonomous, but cooperative: it actively shares its flight plan with near aircrafts so that potential collisions can be detected and resolved using norm-based system. Non-cooperative and utility-based deconfliction approaches are also discussed as they offer a possibility to achieve more efficient and robust mechanism in the future. System is validated on multi-agent simulation that uses the public online-accessible data from various information sources.