gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GAMMATELLA: visualization of program-execution data for deployed software (2004)

To investigate the program-execution data efficiently, we must be able to view the data at different levels of detail. In our visualization approach, we represent software systems at three different levels: statement level, file level, and system level. At the statement level, we represent the actual code. The representation at the file level provides a miniaturized view of the source code similar to the one used in the SeeSoft system (Eick et al., 1992). The system level uses treemaps (Shneiderman, 1992 and Bruls et al., 2000) to represent the software and is the most abstracted level in our visualization. At each level, coloring is used to represent one- or two-dimensional information about the code, using the colors' hue and brightness components. The coloring technique that we apply is a generalization of the coloring technique defined for fault-localization by Jones and colleagues (2001). GAMMATELLA is a toolset that implements our visualization approach and provides capabilities for instrumenting the code, collecting program-execution data from the field, and storing and retrieving the data locally. GAMMATELLA is written in Java, supports the monitoring of Java programs, and consists of three main components: an instrumentation, execution, and coverage tool, a data collection daemon, and a program visualizer.
Microbeam high-resolution x-ray diffraction in strained InGaAlAs-based multiple quantum well laser structures grown selectively on masked InP substrates (2005)

Structural and optical properties of the InGaAlAs-based multiple quantum well (MQW) 1.3μm laser structures produced on InP (001) substrates by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) technique in the regime of selective area growth (SAG) have been studied. An x-ray beam of 10μm diameter generated by a microbeam high-resolution x-ray diffraction (μ-HRXRD) setup based on an imaging one-bounce capillary optic and a three-bounce channel cut Si(004) analyzer crystal has been utilized to measure the diffraction curves from MQW structures grown between oxide mask stripes. The high angular resolution achieved in our experiments allowed accurate measurements of θ–2θ scans over a broad range of angles that was necessary for utilization of fitting algorithms for quantitative analysis of the strain and thickness of individual layers in the MQW structures. The thickness and strain variations in the quantum well and the barrier layers of the MQW SAG structure have been analyzed as a function of the oxide mask width in the range of 15–140μm with the gap between the oxide masks in the range of 15–80μm. Dramatic structural changes from the perfect quality MQW’s in the SAG structures with the narrow oxide masks (less than 45μm) to the strain relaxed MQW’s in the SAG regime with the wide oxide masks (more than 50μm) have been experimentally detected. The spontaneous photoluminescence emission between 1.3 and 1.51μm from the simultaneously grown InGaAlAs-based MQW SAG laser structures have been measured. Using a combination of μ-HRXRD results with the microphotoluminescence data, the optimal SAG mask parameters for the growth of integrated InGaAlAs-based optoelectronic light-emitting components and devices have been determined.
Effect of Co<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Additive on the Microstructures and Dielectric Properties of MgTiO<sub>3</sub>Ceramics (2009)

Abstract (Mg 1 − x Cox)TiO 3 (x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The effect of Co 2 O 3 additive on the microstructures, the phase formation and the microwave dielectric properties of MgTiO 3 ceramics was investigated. The microwave dielectric properties of the (Mg 1 − x Co x)TiO 3 ceramics system were found to vary with amount of Co 2 O 3 additive and sintering temperature which were attributed to the variation of second phase and densification of the ceramics. By properly adjusting the amount of Co 2 O 3 , a small dielectric loss of 0.2 × 10−4 was obtained for (Mg 1 − x Co x )TiO 3 ceramics. Keywords: MgTiO3 ceramicsphase formationdielectric lossCo2O3 additive Acknowledgments This work was supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET) and 863 program (2007AA03Z423) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.
Visual spam campaigns analysis using abstract graphs representation (2012)

In this work we present a visual analytics tool introducing a new kind of graph visualization that exploits the nodes' degree to provide a simplified and more abstract, yet accurate, representation of the most important elements of a security data set and their inter-relationships. Our visualization technique is designed to address two shortcomings of existing graph visualization techniques: scalability of visualization and comprehensibility of results. The main goal of our visual analytics tool is to provide security analysts with an effective way to reason interactively about various attack phenomena orchestrated by cyber criminals. We demonstrate the use of our tool on a large corpus of spam emails by visualizing spam campaigns performed by spam botnets. In particular, we focus on the analysis of spam sent in March 2011 to understand the impact of the Rustock takedown on the botnet ecosystem. As spam botnets continue to play a significant role in the worldwide spam problem, we show with this application how security visualization based on abstract graphs can help us gain insights into the strategic behavior of spam botnets, and a better understanding of large-scale spammers operations.
Relapsed thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura presenting as an acute cerebrovascular accident (2004)

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an uncommon but severe disorder that classically presents with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA), thrombocytopenia, and fluctuating neurological changes. Previously, it was impossible to make a diagnosis of TTP in the absence of thrombocytopenia or microangiopathic hemolysis (MAHA). We describe two cases of relapsing TTP that presented with acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) without concurrent thrombocytopenia or MAHA after initial classical presentation of TTP. In both cases, the diagnosis of TTP as the cause of the CVA was attributed to severe deficiency of the von Willebrand factor cleaving protease, ADAMTS13 in plasma (11 and 12%, normal 79-127%). Each patient had a dramatic clinical improvement in response to therapeutic plasma exchange. The experience in these two cases suggests that TTP should be considered as a potential cause among patients presenting with a CVA, particularly if the patients have a history of TTP.
Via-hole coupled oversized microstrip line and its band-pass filter application (2008)

A simple via-hole coupled oversized microstrip line filter is proposed and demonstrated in this article. The via-hole in this case works as an inductor coupling structure whereas the oversized microstrip line resonator has a higher Q-factor than its conventional counterpart. Full-wave-based circuit models of a series of via-holes embedded in the oversized microstrip line are extracted by using our proposed numerical calibration technique combined with a commercial method-of-moments simulator. A simple 3-pole via-hole coupled oversized microstrip line filter is designed and fabricated on the basis of the extracted circuit models of via-holes. Measured results show that the demonstrated filter has a center frequency of 1.853 GHz, a bandwidth of 6.98% and an insertion loss of 1.36 dB. Measured results of the fabricated filter sample are in agreement with its simulated results, showing a good performance of the proposed scheme. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2008.
CGC-Net: Cell Graph Convolutional Network for Grading of Colorectal\n Cancer Histology Images (2019)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) grading is typically carried out by assessing the\ndegree of gland formation within histology images. To do this, it is important\nto consider the overall tissue micro-environment by assessing the cell-level\ninformation along with the morphology of the gland. However, current automated\nmethods for CRC grading typically utilise small image patches and therefore\nfail to incorporate the entire tissue micro-architecture for grading purposes.\nTo overcome the challenges of CRC grading, we present a novel cell-graph\nconvolutional neural network (CGC-Net) that converts each large histology image\ninto a graph, where each node is represented by a nucleus within the original\nimage and cellular interactions are denoted as edges between these nodes\naccording to node similarity. The CGC-Net utilises nuclear appearance features\nin addition to the spatial location of nodes to further boost the performance\nof the algorithm. To enable nodes to fuse multi-scale information, we introduce\nAdaptive GraphSage, which is a graph convolution technique that combines\nmulti-level features in a data-driven way. Furthermore, to deal with redundancy\nin the graph, we propose a sampling technique that removes nodes in areas of\ndense nuclear activity. We show that modeling the image as a graph enables us\nto effectively consider a much larger image (around 16$\\times$ larger) than\ntraditional patch-based approaches and model the complex structure of the\ntissue micro-environment. We construct cell graphs with an average of over\n3,000 nodes on a large CRC histology image dataset and report state-of-the-art\nresults as compared to recent patch-based as well as contextual patch-based\ntechniques, demonstrating the effectiveness of our method.\n
Dynamic connection management for call-level QOS guarantee in integrated communication networks (2002)

Conventional allocation of network resources for connection management is by and large static. For each performance parameter that is negotiated during a call setup, its agreed value must be maintained throughout the duration of the call. Due to a dynamic networking environment, the result of quality of service (QOS) negotiation during call establishment may not remain ideal throughout the duration of a call. The authors propose a method for managing connections, in a connection-oriented integrated communication network, to maintain acceptable QOS for the entire duration of each connection, to make QOS improvements whenever possible, to recover from connection failures and call preemption, as well as to partially retrieve allocated resources to relieve network overload.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Small molecule targeting of RNA structures in neurological disorders (2019)

Aberrant RNA structure and function operate in neurological disease progression and severity. As RNA contributes to disease pathology in a complex fashion, that is, via various mechanisms, it has become an attractive therapeutic target for small molecules and oligonucleotides. In this review, we discuss the identification of RNA structures that cause or contribute to neurological diseases as well as recent progress toward the development of small molecules that target them, including small molecule modulators of pre-mRNA splicing and RNA repeat expansions that cause microsatellite disorders such as Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The use of oligonucleotide-based modalities is also discussed. There are key differences between small molecule and oligonucleotide targeting of RNA. The former targets RNA structure, while the latter prefers unstructured regions. Thus, some targets will be preferentially targeted by oligonucleotides and others by small molecules.
Kidney and Urinary Tract Imaging: Triple-Bolus Multidetector CT Urography as a One-Stop Shop—Protocol Design, Opacification, and Image Quality Analysis (2010)

Triple-bolus multidetector CT urography is a dose-efficient protocol acquiring corticomedullary-nephrographic-excretory and vascular enhancement phases in a single acquisition and provides sufficient opacification and distention of the UUT. Simultaneously, adequate image quality of renal parenchyma and vascular anatomy is achieved.
A Practitioner’s Handbook for Real-Time Analysis: Guide to Rate Monotonic Analysis for Real-Time Systems (1993)

Preface. Part 1: Introduction. 1. About this Handbook. 2. Fundamentals of RMA. Part 2: Concepts and Techniques. 3. A Framework for Describing Real-Time Systems. 4. Techniques for Analyzing Timing Behavior. Part 3: Analyzing Real-Time Systems. 5. Basic Real-Time Situations. 6. Advanced Real-Time Situations. 7. Effects of Operating System and Runtime Services on Timing Analysis. Part 4: Using the Handbook on Realistic Systems. 8. Analyzing Complex Systems. 9. Designing with Rate Monotonic Analysis. Part 5: Appendices. A. Rules of Thumb. B. Notation Used in this Handbook. C. Bibliography. D. Glossary. E. Index.
Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19 (2020)

This case series describes reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results in 4 health professionals discharged from hospitalization or quarantine after 2 negative RT-PCR test results and resolution of clinical COVID-19 infection.
Acer macrophyllum Pursh. | bigleaf maple | ts’áłəłp (2019)

An article about the biology, growing environment, reproduction, and uses of bigleaf maple.
Incidence of Diabetes in Youth in the United States (2007)

Our data document the incidence rates of type 1 DM among youth of all racial/ethnic groups, with the highest rates in non-Hispanic white youth. Overall, type 2 DM is still relatively infrequent; however, the highest rates were observed among adolescent minority populations.
Recombinase‐mediated cassette exchange ( <scp>RMCE</scp> ) for monoclonal antibody expression in the commercially relevant <scp>CHOK1SV</scp> cell line (2015)

To meet product quality and cost parameters for therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) production, cell lines are required to have excellent growth, stability, and productivity characteristics. In particular, cell line generation stability is critical to the success of a program, especially where high cell line generation numbers are required for large in-market supply. However, a typical process for developing such cell lines is laborious, lengthy, and costly. In this study, we applied a FLP/FRT recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) system to build a site-specific integration (SSI) system for mAb expression in the commercially relevant CHOK1SV cell line. Using a vector with a FRT-flanked mAb expression cassette, we generated a clonal cell line with good productivity, long-term production stability, and low mAb gene-copy number indicating the vector was located in a 'hot-spot.' A SSI host cell line was made by removing the mAb genes from the 'hot-spot' by RMCE, creating a 'landing pad' containing two recombination cassettes that allow targeting of one or two copies of recombinant genes. Cell lines made from this host exhibited excellent growth and productivity profiles, and stability for at least 100 generations in the absence of selection agents. Importantly, while clones containing two copies had higher productivity than single copy clones, both were stable over many generations. Taken together, this study suggests the use of FLP-based RMCE to develop SSI host cells for mAb production in CHOK1SV offers significant savings in both resources and overall cell line development time, leading to a shortened 'time-to-clinic' for therapeutic mAbs.
Software for Generating Synthetic Passive Fourier Transform Infrared Interferograms and Single-beam Spectra. (1999)

Abstract : Software routines for generating synthetic Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and interferograms are documented. Infrared radiative transfer models for passive FT-IR spectroscopy are furnished, providing a basis for simulating realistic spectral data. Laboratory passive FT-IR spectra and interferograms are shown to validate the software performance. Due to variability in reported absorption coefficients, it is found that simulated data are not a replacement for either laboratory or field quantitative measurements. However, the synthetic data capability provides a versatile resource for examining experimental results and a flexible tool for chemometric research into various signal processing strategies for passive FT-IR spectroscopy. The software routines in the FTIR_Toolbox are written in MATLAB. Complete program source code listings are provided in the appendix.
Negative feedback between prostaglandin and alpha- and beta-chemokine synthesis in human microglial cells and astrocytes. (1999)

The understanding of immune surveillance and inflammation regulation in cerebral tissue is essential in the therapy of neuroimmunological disorders. We demonstrate here that primary human glial cells were able to produce alpha- and beta-chemokines (IL-8 > growth related protein alpha (GROalpha) >> RANTES > microphage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta) in parallel to PGs (PGE2 and PGF2alpha) after proinflammatory cytokine stimulation: TNF-alpha + IL-1beta induced all except RANTES, which was induced by TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma. Purified cultures of astrocytes and microglia were also induced by the same combination of cytokines, to produce all these mediators except MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta, which were produced predominantly by astrocytes. The inhibition of PG production by indomethacin led to a 37-60% increase in RANTES, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta but not in GROalpha and IL-8 secretion. In contrast, inhibition of IL-8 and GRO activities using neutralizing Abs resulted in a specific 6-fold increase in PGE2 but not in PGF2alpha production by stimulated microglial cells and astrocytes, whereas Abs to beta-chemokines had no effect. Thus, the production of PGs in human glial cells down-regulates their beta-chemokine secretion, whereas alpha-chemokine production in these cells controls PG secretion level. These data suggest that under inflammatory conditions, the intraparenchymal production of PGs could control chemotactic gradient of beta-chemokines for an appropriate effector cell recruitment or activation. Conversely, the elevated intracerebral alpha-chemokine levels could reduce PG secretion, preventing the exacerbation of inflammation and neurotoxicity.
A treatable multifocal motor neuropathy with antibodies to GM1 ganglioside (1988)

We report 2 patients with a treatable, immune-mediated motor polyneuropathy associated with antibodies to defined neural antigens. In these patients asymmetrical weakness developed in one arm and progressed over 2 to 3 years to involve the other arm, legs, and trunk. Both patients were initially diagnosed as having lower motor neuron forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, repeated electrophysiological testing eventually showed multifocal conduction blocks in motor but not sensory fibers compatible with patchy selective demyelination. Serum testing by thin-layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that both patients had high titers of antibody directed against GM1 and other gangliosides. Initial therapeutic trials of prednisone (100 mg daily for 4 to 6 months) and plasmapheresis were unsuccessful. Treatment with cyclophosphamide, however, was followed by marked improvement in strength in both patients.
The self-describing data sets file protocol and Toolkit (1995)

Insufficient contrast filling, especially of the anterior tibial, common femoral and iliac veins, was the most common reason for disqualifying examinations. Unilateral examinations and obscuring metallic devices were the second and third most common reasons, respectively. Efforts should be made to standardize the phlebography technique, to use a large volume of contrast without tourniquets, and to obtain an appropriate number of views to visualize the deep veins.
Preexisting Antiadenoviral Immunity Is Not a Barrier to Efficient and Stable Transduction of the Brain, Mediated by Novel High-Capacity Adenovirus Vectors (2001)

The utility of first-generation adenovirus vectors for long-term gene transfer in humans is limited by preexisting antiadenoviral immunity. We demonstrate here that new-generation high-capacity adenovirus vectors (HC-Ads) can efficiently transduce the brain and mediate stable transgene expression for at least 2 months, even in the presence of a preexisting antiadenoviral immune response. First-generation vector-mediated transduction was almost completely abolished in preimmunized animals within 60 days of the vector injection. Levels of HC-Ad-mediated transduction by 3 days postinjection were not significantly affected by preimmunization, were reduced within 14 days to 56% of those levels seen in nonimmunized animals, and remained stable until day 60 postinjection. Acute brain inflammation elicited by the HC-Ad vector injection was more transient, and was reduced in intensity compared with brain inflammation elicited by the first-generation vector injection in immunized animals. Inflammation was significantly higher in all immunized animals than in nonimmunized animals. Our results show that preexisting antiadenoviral immunity does not significantly reduce initial HC-Ad-mediated infection of the brain and is not a barrier to stable HC-Ad vector-mediated transduction of the CNS. Although input HC-Ad capsid proteins injected into the brain may contain transient targets for a brain-infiltrating cellular adenovirus-specific immune response, this fails to eliminate transgene expression. Thus HC-Ads show promise for gene therapy of chronic brain disease.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOISOMERIZATION OF 2‐ARYL‐1,2‐BENZISOTHIAZOL‐3(2H)‐ONES (1983)

Abstract Die photochemische Bildung des Dibenzothiazepinons (V) aus (I) kann durch intermediäre Bildung eines Biradikals (II)‐(III) und anschließende photochemische lJ‐Wasserstoff‐Ubertragung von (IV) erklärt werden.
High throughput thin film materials science (2008)

Combinatorial techniques, in which a library of chemical formulations is scanned for specific activity, have been used extensively to expedite the discovery phase of pharmaceutical compounds. Such techniques have more recently come to prominence in relation to the discovery of novel functional inorganic materials using methods of thin film deposition. Here the aim is to prepare a thin film sample containing a spread of compositions so that localised measurements can explore a range of properties across the phase diagram. The application of high throughput thin film techniques to the optimisation of materials properties has its roots in earlier studies which exploited position-dependent process variables to assist optimisation protocols. Indeed, we argue here that one of the biggest challenges facing combinatorial materials science is to ensure that property variations can be ascribed solely to composition changes, by achieving sufficient control over the inevitable variation in other process parameters. This review provides a discussion of the range of parameters, including composition, which can be controllably varied as a function of position during thin film growth. In addition to the growth techniques themselves, we discuss the requirements placed on materials diagnostics and property measurements, which are essential for the high throughput capability to be realised.
Ion-Channel Gating in Transmembrane Receptor Proteins: Functional Activity in Tethered Lipid Membranes (1999)

Through thiolipids a planar lipid bilayer (1) was immobilized on a gold support (2) for use as an electrode. This allows the detection of the ligand-gating function of the natural transmembrane channel protein OmpF (3) reconstituted in the artificial membrane: the binding of a domain (4) of the toxin colicin N, observed by surface plasmon resonance, induces the blocking of the OmpF channel protein, as shown by impedance spectroscopy.