gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification of ATP diphosphohydrolase from bovine aorta microsomes (1989)

ATP diphosphohydrolase (EC 3.6.1.5) hydrolyzes pyrophosphate bonds of nucleoside di- and triphosphates in the presence of divalent cations. We purified the enzyme from the vessel wall of bovine aortas. The procedure gave a homogeneous preparation of ATP diphosphohydrolase for the first time from an animal source. Bovine aorta microsomes were treated with 50 mM bicarbonate buffer (pH 10.0) containing 0.025% Triton X-100. The enzyme was then solubilized from the microsomes with 0.5% Triton X-100 and purified to homogeneity by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B chromatography and 5'AMP-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography. The apparent molecular mass of the pure enzyme was 110 kDa. The activity recovered was 6% of that of the microsomes. The enzyme was more active with Ca2+ than Mg2+. The sensitivity of ADPase activity to divalent cations was higher than that of ATPase activity. The enzyme had broad substrate specificity to nucleoside di- and triphosphates.
Passive materials for electromagnetic interference mitigation (2005)

Current and future Electronic Warfare (EW) and Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance (ISR) systems are becoming increasingly more electronically complex with requirements for external antennas and apertures that are susceptible to various sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI). Control and mitigation of EMI is prudent in order to ensure interference free operation, as these platforms evolve into more complex, multi-mission networked systems.
The Elbow and Its Disorders (1993)

Here is an updated New Edition of a work on the elbow. The 3rd Edition continues to focus on diagnosis while providing an expanded emphasis on surgical treatment and technique.
Selectivity of Polyamines on the Stability of RNA−DNA Hybrids Containing Phosphodiester and Phosphorothioate Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (1999)

RNA-DNA hybrid stabilization is an important factor in the efficacy of oligonucleotide-based antisense gene therapy. We studied the ability of natural polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, and a series of their structural analogues to stabilize RNA-DNA hybrids using melting temperature (Tm) measurements, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and the ethidium bromide (EB) displacement assay. Phosphodiester (PO) and phosphorothioate (PS) oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) (21-mer) targeted to the initiation codon region of c-myc mRNA and the corresponding complementary RNA oligomer were used for this study. In the absence of polyamines, the Tm values of RNA-PODNA and RNA-PSDNA helices were 41 +/- 1 and 35 +/- 1 degrees C, respectively, in 10 mM sodium cacodylate buffer. In the presence of a hexamine analogue of spermine at a concentration of 25 microM, the hybrids were stabilized with Tm values of 80 and 78 degrees C, for RNA-PODNA and RNA-PSDNA, respectively. The d(Tm)/d(log[polyamine]) values, representing the concentration-dependent stabilization of hybrid helices by polyamines, increased from 10 to 24 for both the RNA-PODNA and RNA-PSDNA helices. Bisethyl substitution of the primary amino groups of the polyamines reduced the hybrid stabilizing potential of the polyamines. Among the homologues of spermidine [H2N(CH2)3NH(CH2)nNH2, where n = 2-8; n = 4 for spermidine] and spermine [H)N(CH2)3NH(CH2)nNH(CH2)3NH2, where n = 2-8; n = 4 for spermine], spermidine and spermine were the most effective agents for stabilizing the hybrid helices. At a physiologically compatible concentration of 150 mM NaCl, the hybrid helix formed from PODNA was more stable than that formed from PSDNA in the presence of polyamines. CD spectroscopic studies showed that the hybrids were stabilized in a conformation close to A-DNA in the presence of polyamines. The relative binding affinity of the polyamine homologues for the hybrid helices, as measured by the EB displacement assay, followed the same order in which they stabilized the hybrids. These results are important in the antisense context and in the general context of polyamine-nucleic acid interactions, and suggest that pentamine and hexamine analogues of spermine might be useful in improving the efficacy of therapeutic ODNs.
Effect of Nystatin on the Metabolism of Xylitol and Xylose by <i>Pachysolen tannophilus</i> (1993)

Ethanol production from xylitol by resting cells of Pachysolen tannophilus was increased 40-fold in the presence of nystatin, amphotericin B, and filipin, a group of antifungal agents that alter the permeability of the plasma membrane. Furthermore, these agents had little or no effect on ethanol formation from xylitol or xylose by the cell extract. During xylose metabolism, nystatin caused the intracellular xylitol to leak out into the medium at a 23-fold-faster rate but did not affect overall xylose utilization and CO(2) evolution. These observations explain the rate of xylitol utilization by cell extract being higher than that by whole cells (J. Xu and K. B. Taylor, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:231-235, 1993) as well as the relative inability of P. tannophilus to utilize xylitol to support significant ethanol production and cell growth.
Thermoelectric properties of the <i>n</i>-type filled skutterudite Ba0.3Co4Sb12 doped with Ni (2002)

Synthesis and electrical and thermal transport properties are reported for several filled skutterudite compounds doped with Ni: Ba0.3NixCo4−xSb12 with 0&lt;x&lt;0.2. Divalent Ba readily fills the cages of the skutterudite structure and is effective in reducing the thermal conductivity of the structure. The presence of a small amount of Ni increases the electron concentration, further reduces the thermal conductivity, and enhances the thermoelectric power factor. Hall mobility studies indicate that the addition of Ni to the system has the effect of increasing the relative strength of ionized impurity scattering as compared to acoustic phonon scattering. These results suggest that doping with Ni is an attractive avenue to optimization of filled skutterudites. The dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit ZT was observed to increase from a value of 0.8 at 800 K for Ba0.3Co4Sb12 to a value of 1.2 for the sample with x=0.05. These materials show considerable potential as n-type legs in thermoelectric power generation at elevated temperatures.
Transcriptional inhibiton of Hoxd4 expression by miRNA-10a in human breast cancer cells (2009)

Abstract Background Small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), can silence genes at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional or translational level [1, 2]. Results Here, we show that microRNA-10a (miR-10a) targets a homologous DNA region in the promoter region of the hoxd4 gene and represses its expression at the transcriptional level. Mutational analysis of the miR-10a sequence revealed that the 3' end of the miRNA sequence is the most critical element for the silencing effect. MicroRNA-10a-induced transcriptional gene inhibition requires the presence of Dicer and Argonautes 1 and 3, and it is related to promoter associated noncoding RNAs. Bisulfite sequencing analysis showed that the reduced hoxd4 expression was accompanied by de novo DNA methylation at the hoxd4 promoter. We further demonstrated that trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is involved in the miR-10a-induced hoxd4 transcriptional gene silence. Conclusion In conclusion, our results demonstrate that miR-10a can regulate human gene expression in a transcriptional manner, and indicate that endogenous small noncoding RNA-induced control of transcription may be a potential system for expressional regulation in human breast cancer cells.
Methyl Mercaptan Oxidase, a Key Enzyme in the Metabolism of Methylated Sulphur Compounds by Hyphomicrobium EG (1987)

SUMMARY: Methyl mercaptan (MM)-oxidase was purified tenfold to near homogeneity from Hyphomicrobium EG grown on dimethyl sulphoxide. The enzyme was a monomer with an Mr value of about 40000-50000. It catalysed the formation of stoicheiometric amounts of formaldehyde, sulphide and H2O2 from MM and O2. It had a K m of 5-10 μm for MM and was strongly inhibited by substrate concentrations above 14 μm, the K i for this inhibition being 42 μm. Ethyl mercaptan and sulphide also served as substrates for the enzyme (K m 18 and 60 μm respectively), whereas methanol was not oxidized. Upon oxidation of these compounds H2O2 was formed. Although sulphide was a substrate for the enzyme, it also acted as a non-competitive inhibitor of MM oxidation (K i 90 μm). Alcohol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.13) purified from Hansenula polymorpha was also found to oxidize MM (K m 110 μm) although at a low rate. The products formed were the same as for MM oxidation by the bacterial enzyme. In contrast to MM-oxidase however, alcohol oxidase was inactive with sulphide and was not inhibited by methyl mercaptan concentrations up to 500 μm.
Automatic Heart Rate Normalization for Accurate Energy Expenditure Estimation (2014)

HR normalization parameters able to reduce EE estimation error can be accurately estimated from low intensity ADLs, such as sedentary activities and walking at low speeds (3 - 4 km/h), regardless of reported PALs. However, sedentary activities alone, even when HRV features are used, are insufficient to estimate HR normalization parameters accurately.
Hashing of databases based on indirect observations of Hamming distances (1996)

We describe hashing of databases as a problem of information and coding theory. It is shown that the triangle inequality for the Hamming distances between binary vectors may essentially decrease the computational efforts of a search for a pattern in a database. Introduction of the Lee distance in the space, which consists of the Hamming distances, leads to a new metric space where the triangle inequality can be effectively used.
Metabolic products of microorganisms. 209. Kirrothricin, a new member of the kirromycin-group. (1982)

Kirrothricin, a new narrow-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces cinnamomeus strain Tü 89, was isoiated in respect to Its activity against Clostridium pasterurianum The molecular formula is C44H64N2O10. Kirrothricin is related to kirromycin, aurodox and other members of this group by its chemical structure, biological activity and the mode of action.
α‐olefin oligomers and polymers with metallocene catalysts (1995)

Abstract Metallocenes offer new synthetic routes to olefin oligomers and polymers covering a wide range of molecular weights and melting points. This paper deals with some important features of the preparation of oligomers, wax‐like polymers as well as highmolecular‐weight polymers via metallocene catalysis. Taking the oligomerization of hexene as an example, a simple kinetic scheme is established, which is suitable to describe the course of the reaction and the resulting oligomer distribution with metallocenes as catalysts. For low and high‐molecular‐weight polymers, the metallocene route to polypropylene is compared to existent processes in terms of reaction conditions and product properties. An attempt is made to separate the effect of different chain defects like chain ends, regioirregularities and comonomers on the melting point.
Structural morphing in a symmetry-mismatched viral vertex (2020)

Large biological structures are assembled from smaller, often symmetric, sub-structures. However, asymmetry among sub-structures is fundamentally important for biological function. An extreme form of asymmetry, a 12-fold-symmetric dodecameric portal complex inserted into a 5-fold-symmetric capsid vertex, is found in numerous icosahedral viruses, including tailed bacteriophages, herpesviruses, and archaeal viruses. This vertex is critical for driving capsid assembly, DNA packaging, tail attachment, and genome ejection. Here, we report the near-atomic in situ structure of the symmetry-mismatched portal vertex from bacteriophage T4. Remarkably, the local structure of portal morphs to compensate for symmetry-mismatch, forming similar interactions in different capsid environments while maintaining strict symmetry in the rest of the structure. This creates a unique and unusually dynamic symmetry-mismatched vertex that is central to building an infectious virion.
Removal of Methyl-tert-butyl Ether from Water by a Pulsed Arc Electrohydraulic Discharge System (2006)

The removal of methyl- tert -butyl ether (MTBE) from water by a pulsed arc electrohydraulic discharge (PAED) system was investigated experimentally at the laboratory scale. The effects of arc electrode gap, detention time and initial solution pH on the efficacy of MTBE treatment by PAED were investigated. A 0.3 kJ/pulse spark-gap-type power supply was employed in combination with a 3.0 L flow-through reactor. Experimental results showed that: 1) oxidation reactions are induced by this PAED system; 2) removal efficiency increases with increasing cumulative input energy (kW·h/m 3 or kJ/L); 3) removal efficiency decreases with increasing arc electrode gap; and 4) initial solution pH does not have a significant effect on the efficacy of MTBE removal by PAED when the water matrix is buffered prior to treatment.
Studies on diffusing factors (1941)

AQUEOUS extracts of mammalian testicle contain a factor that dramatically increases the permeability of the tissues to injected fluids This can be demonstrated by the rapid disappearance of the bleb following intracutaneous injection of these extracts and by the rapid spread through a large area of skin of any suitable coloured indicator that may be injected together with them. This factor is associated with the germinal epithelium and can be extracted from spermatozoa [McClean, 1931]. Factors with similar diffusing properties have been obtained from the most diverse sources, for example, from ifitrates and extracts of staphylococcus and streptococcus [Duran.Reynals, 1933], from organisms of the gas-gangrene group and virulent pneumococci [McClean, 1936], from extracts of malignant tissues [Duran-Reynals & Stewart, 1931; Boyland & McClean, 1935], from snake and spider venoms [Duran-Reynals, 1939] and'from leeches
Fluorescent and photochromic chemosensors (2001)

Data on organic chemosensors published over recent years are surveyed and described systematically. The bibliography includes 165 references.
Rule languages and internal algebras for rule-based optimizers (1996)

Rule-based optimizers and optimizer generators use rules to specify query transformations. Rules act directly on query representations, which typically are based on query algebras. But most algebras complicate rule formulation, and rules over these algebras must often resort to calling to externally defined bodies of code. Code makes rules difficult to formulate, prove correct and reason about, and therefore compromises the effectiveness of rule-based systems.In this paper we present KOLA: a combinator-based algebra designed to simplify rule formulation. KOLA is not a user language, and KOLA's variable-free queries are difficult for humans to read. But KOLA is an effective internal algebra because its combinator-style makes queries manipulable and structurally revealing. As a result, rules over KOLA queries are easily expressed without the need for supplemental code. We illustrate this point, first by showing some transformations that despite their simplicity, require head and body routines when expressed over algebras that include variables. We show that these transformations are expressible without supplemental routines in KOLA. We then show complex transformations of a class of nested queries expressed over KOLA. Nested query optimization, while having been studied before, have seriously challenged the rule-based paradigm.
Differences in the Reponses to Apheresis Therapy of Patients With 3 Histopathologically Classified Immunopathological Patterns of Multiple Sclerosis (2018)

This cohort study provides evidence that the response to apheresis treatment is associated with immunopathological patterns. Patients with both patterns 1 and 2 improved clinically after apheresis treatment, but pattern 2 patients who showed signs of a humoral immune response benefited most. Apheresis appears unlikely to benefit patients with pattern 3 lesions.
Lycopene Synergistically Inhibits LDL Oxidation in Combination with Vitamin E, Glabridin, Rosmarinic Acid, Carnosic Acid, or Garlic (2000)

Several lines of evidence suggest that oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is atherogenic, and that atherosclerosis can be attenuated by natural antioxidants, which inhibit LDL oxidation. This study was conducted to determine the effect of tomato lycopene alone, or in combination with other natural antioxidants, on LDL oxidation. LDL (100 microg of protein/ml) was incubated with increasing concentrations of lycopene or of tomato oleoresin (lipid extract of tomatoes containing 6% lycopene, 0.1% beta-carotene, 1% vitamin E, and polyphenols), after which it was oxidized by the addition of 5 micromol/liter of CuSO4. Tomato oleoresin exhibited superior capacity to inhibit LDL oxidation in comparison to pure lycopene, by up to five-fold [97% vs. 22% inhibition of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and 93% vs. 27% inhibition of lipid peroxides formation, respectively]. Because tomato oleoresin also contains, in addition to lycopene, vitamin E, flavonoids, and phenolics, a possible cooperative interaction between lycopene and such natural antioxidants was studied. A combination of lycopene (5 micromol/liter) with vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) in the concentration range of 1-10 micromol/liter resulted in an inhibition of copper ion-induced LDL oxidation that was significantly greater than the expected additive individual inhibitions. The synergistic antioxidative effect of lycopene with vitamin E was not shared by gamma-to-cotrienol. The polyphenols glabridin (derived from licorice), rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid (derived from rosemary), as well as garlic (which contains a mixture of natural antioxidants) inhibited LDL oxidation in a dose-dependent manner. When lycopene (5 micromol/liter) was added to LDL in combination with glabridin, rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, or garlic, synergistic antioxidative effects were obtained against LDL oxidation induced either by copper ions or by the radical generator AAPH. Similar interactive effects seen with lycopene were also observed with beta-carotene, but, however, to a lesser extent of synergism. Because natural antioxidants exist in nature in combination, the in vivo relevance of lycopene in combination with other natural antioxidants was studied. Four healthy subjects were administered a fatty meal containing 30 mg of lycopene in the form of tomato oleoresin. The lycopene concentration in postprandial plasma was elevated by 70% in comparison to plasma obtained before meal consumption. Postprandial LDL isolated 5 hr after meal consumption exhibited a significant (p < 0.01) reduced susceptibility to oxidation by 21%. We conclude that lycopene acts synergistically, as an effective antioxidant against LDL oxidation, with several natural antioxidants such as vitamin E, the flavonoid glabridin, the phenolics rosmarinic acid and carnosic acid, and garlic. These observations suggest a superior antiatherogenic characteristic to a combination of different natural antioxidants over that of an individual one.
False-positive lymph nodes by radioimmunoguided surgery: report of a patient and analysis of the problem. (1993)

Preoperative administration of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody allows radioimmunoguided surgery with hand-held intraoperative detection devices. From a theoretical perspective, this technology may offer more knowledgable patient management and more complete resection of intra-abdominal cancer. False-positive examinations may seriously jeopardize the widespread application of this apparatus. Our experience with a patient with false-positive lymph nodes following administration of 125I-labeled B72.3 monoclonal antibody is reported. After careful histopathological analysis of five nodes thought to be false-positive for cystadenocarcinoma, one lymph node was found to have a minute nidus of cancer. The cause of false-positive radioimmunoguided tests and their implications for the clinical use of this tool is discussed. We interpreted our data to suggest that tumor antigen-monoclonal antibody complexes processed in reactive lymph nodes, anatomically draining the malignant tissue, may cause false-positive tests.
Continuïteit en verandering (2007)

Dit is een unieke uitgave van het Tijdschrift voor Arbeidsvraagstukken. Uniek omdat het gaat om een hommage aan Jacques van Hoof. De directe aanleiding om een speciaal nummer aan hem te wijden vormt zijn afscheid als hoogleraar 'Arbeidsmanagement en omgeving' aan de Radboud Universiteit op 27 april 2007. De uiteindelijke aanleiding is gelegen in de geschiedenis van het tijdschrift. Nu 23 jaar geleden, in 1984 om precies te zijn, signaleerden Belgische en Nederlandse onderzoekers een gat in de markt. Klaarblijkelijk bestond er op dat moment behoefte aan een forum voor onderzoekers op het brede terrein van de arbeidsvraagstukken. Het resultaat was dat eind maart 1985 het eerste nummer van het Tijdschrift voor Arbeidsvraagstukken kon verschijnen. Sindsdien zijn er zonder onderbreking jaarlijks vier kloeke afleveringen verschenen, waardoor intussen een 23e jaargang is bereikt. Met Jacques van Hoof toen en nu als voorzitter van de redactie. Een betere symboliek van continuïteit en lotsverbondenheid is nauwelijks denkbaar.
Synthesis-enabled functional group deletions reveal key underpinnings of amphotericin B ion channel and antifungal activities (2011)

Amphotericin B is the archetype for small molecules that form transmembrane ion channels. However, despite extensive study for more than five decades, even the most basic features of this channel structure and its contributions to the antifungal activities of this natural product have remained unclear. We herein report that a powerful series of functional group-deficient probes have revealed many key underpinnings of the ion channel and antifungal activities of amphotericin B. Specifically, in stark contrast to two leading models, polar interactions between mycosamine and carboxylic acid appendages on neighboring amphotericin B molecules are not required for ion channel formation, nor are these functional groups required for binding to phospholipid bilayers. Alternatively, consistent with a previously unconfirmed third hypothesis, the mycosamine sugar is strictly required for promoting a direct binding interaction between amphotericin B and ergosterol. The same is true for cholesterol. Synthetically deleting this appendage also completely abolishes ion channel and antifungal activities. All of these results are consistent with the conclusion that a mycosamine-mediated direct binding interaction between amphotericin B and ergosterol is required for both forming ion channels and killing yeast cells. The enhanced understanding of amphotericin B function derived from these synthesis-enabled studies has helped set the stage for the more effective harnessing of the remarkable ion channel-forming capacity of this prototypical small molecule natural product.