gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of a novel esterase (?-hydroxypalmitate methyl ester hydrolase) and prevention of the expression of virulence by Ralstonia solanacearum (2006)

Aims: To screen novel micro-organisms and enzymes capable of degrading 3-hydroxypalmitic acid methyl ester (3-OH PAME), the quorum-sensing signal molecule (quormone), which regulates the virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum. Methods and Results: Ideonella sp. 0-0013, a betaproteobacterium isolated from soil using the selective-enrichment culture method, was grown on plates containing 3-OH PAME as its main carbon source. β-Hydroxypalmitate methyl ester hydrolase (βHPMEH) purified from the supernatant of the Ideonella sp. 0-0013 culture exhibited high hydrolysing activity towards the ester bond of 3-OH PAME and eliminated the 3-OH PAME activity, thereby reducing the virulence of R. solanacearum. An Escherichia coli transformant of the βhpmeh gene expression vector degraded 3-OH PAME, and the crude enzyme from the transformant inhibited in vitro production of the R. solanacearum exopolysaccharide (EPS). Conclusions: The ability of βHPMEH to hydrolyse 3-OH PAME inhibited the production of EPS by the R. solanacearum wild-type strain, indicating that βHPMEH inhibits the effects of activation of virulence genes. This ability will be potentially useful for pest control of the wilt disease caused by this bacterium. Significance and Impact of the Study: This enzyme is the first protein that has been found to degrade a quormone other than N-acyl homoserine lactone.
Synthesis of amphiphilic cationic copolymers poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride‐<i>co</i>‐stearyl methacrylate] and their self‐assembly behavior in water and water‐ethanol mixtures (2009)

Abstract A series of amphiphilic cationic random copolymers, namely poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride‐ co ‐stearyl methacrylate] or poly(MADQUAT‐ co ‐SMA), have been synthesized via conventional free‐radical copolymerization using 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and n ‐dodecanethiol as chain transfer agent. The resultant products were then characterized by FT‐IR, 1 H NMR, MALDI‐TOF MS measurements. From the number‐average molecular weights of the copolymers, we can conclude that these copolymers have oligomeric structure with a limited number of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in a short polymer chain. The reactivity ratios ( r MADQUAT = 0.83, r SMA = 0.25) between the hydrophilic MADQUAT monomer and the hydrophobic SMA monomer were calculated by the Finemann and Ross method, which was based on the results of 1 H NMR analysis. The surface activity of the random copolymers was studied by the combination of surface tension and contact angle measurement, and the results indicated that these copolymers possess relatively high surface activity. The critical aggregation concentrations (cac) of the copolymers in aqueous solution were determined by fluorescence probe method as well as surface tension measurement. The different nanoparticles of poly(MADQUAT‐ co ‐SMA) copolymers formed in pure water or ethanol‐water mixture were proved by the particle size and size distribution in the measurement of dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we could observe various self‐assembly morphologies of these random copolymer. All these results show that the amphiphilic cationic random copolymers have a good self‐assembly behavior, even if they are ill‐defined copolymers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4670–4684, 2009
Serious games in cognitive training for Alzheimer's patients (2011)

Research on progressive dementia increased significantly in the past years due to the urgency of the aging population. Patients suffering from such dementia, for instance Alzheimer's disease, lose efficiency in cognitive spheres such as memory, planning skills, initiative and perseverance. Some researchers tried to evaluate the potential of close-to-reality simulations and generic video games for brain training to stimulate the cognitive abilities of AD patients. Using recent advances in artificial intelligence such as learning, activity recognition and guidance to enhance this concept of training, we are proposing, in this paper, a detailed explanation of an adapted serious game we designed for this purpose. A prototype has been developed showing how to exploit AI techniques to create an affordable and accessible tool for cognitive training and allowing in-game estimation of the patient's cognitive performance.
Analysis of a basic drug by on‐line solid‐phase extraction liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using a mixed mode sorbent (2002)

Two on-line configurations using multiple 6- and 10-port valves were investigated for high-flow on-line extraction of a basic drug in rat plasma and human urine using a reversed-phase and a cation-exchange SPE sorbent. The first configuration studied was a single reversed-phase extraction cartridge (2.1 x 20 mm, 25 microm) using an optimized washing protocol. The results showed that up to 1.5 mL of sample (urine or plasma diluted 1:1) can be injected with limits of quantification (LOQs) as low as 100 pg/mL. The second configuration studied was the combination of a cation exchanger and a reversed-phase cartridge using at-column dilution. The results showed better LOQs than those obtained with the single cartridge at 10 pg/mL with the same injection volume. The mass spectrometer was operated in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. All calibration curves gave an average of 5% relative standard deviation (RSD).
Analogs of Tetryl - Hexanitrodiphenylaminoethyl Nitrate (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalogs of Tetryl - Hexanitrodiphenylaminoethyl NitrateLe. Roy V. ClarkCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1934, 26, 5, 554–557Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1934https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50293a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (632 KB) Get e-Alerts
LXR promotes the maximal egress of monocyte-derived cells from mouse aortic plaques during atherosclerosis regression (2010)

We have previously shown that mouse atherosclerosis regression involves monocyte-derived (CD68+) cell emigration from plaques and is dependent on the chemokine receptor CCR7. Concurrent with regression, mRNA levels of the gene encoding LXRalpha are increased in plaque CD68+ cells, suggestive of a functional relationship between LXR and CCR7. To extend these results, atherosclerotic Apoe-/- mice sufficient or deficient in CCR7 were treated with an LXR agonist, resulting in a CCR7-dependent decrease in plaque CD68+ cells. To test the requirement for LXR for CCR7-dependent regression, we transplanted aortic arches from atherosclerotic Apoe-/- mice, or from Apoe-/- mice with BM deficiency of LXRalpha or LXRbeta, into WT recipients. Plaques from both LXRalpha and LXRbeta-deficient Apoe-/- mice exhibited impaired regression. In addition, the CD68+ cells displayed reduced emigration and CCR7 expression. Using an immature DC line, we found that LXR agonist treatment increased Ccr7 mRNA levels. This increase was blunted when LXRalpha and LXRbeta levels were reduced by siRNAs. Moreover, LXR agonist treatment of primary human immature DCs resulted in functionally significant upregulation of CCR7. We conclude that LXR is required for maximal effects on plaque CD68+ cell expression of CCR7 and monocyte-derived cell egress during atherosclerosis regression in mice.
PCP-A1, a Defensin-like Brassica Pollen Coat Protein That Binds the <i>S</i> Locus Glycoprotein, Is the Product of Gametophytic Gene Expression (1998)

Self-incompatibility (SI) in Brassica species is controlled by a single polymorphic locus (S) with multiple specificities. Two stigmatically expressed genes that have been cloned from this region encode the S locus glycoprotein (SLG) and S receptor kinase (SRK). Both appear to be essential for the operation of SI. It is believed that rejection of incompatible pollen grains is effected by recognition events between an as yet unidentified S locus-encoded pollen coating-borne protein and the SLG/SRK. We previously identified a small pollen coat protein PCP7 (renamed here PCP-A1, for pollen coat protein, class A, 1) that binds with high affinity to SLGs irrespective of S genotype. Here, we report the cloning of PCP-A1 from Brassica oleracea and demonstrate that it is unlinked to the S locus. In situ localization of PCP-A1 transcripts revealed that they accumulate specifically in pollen at the late binucleate/trinucleate stage of development rather than in the tapetum, which previously was taken to be the principal source of the pollen coat. PCP-A1 is characterized by the presence of a structurally important motif consisting of eight cysteine residues shared by the plant defensins. Based on the presence of this motif and other data, homology modeling has been used to produce a putative structure for PCP-A1. Protein-protein interaction analyses demonstrate that SLG exists in monomeric and dimeric forms, both of which bind PCP-A1. Evidence is also presented for the existence of putative membrane-associated PCP-A1 binding proteins in stigmatic tissue.
Formation of ion channels in lipid bilayers by a peptide with the predicted transmembrane sequence of botulinum neurotoxin A (1995)

Synthetic peptides patterned after the predicted transmembrane sequence of botulinum toxin A were used as tools to identify an ion channel-forming motif. A peptide denoted BoTxATM, with the sequence GAVILLEFIPEIAI PVLGTFALV, forms cation-selective channels when reconstituted in planar lipid bilayers. As predicted, the self-assembled conductive oligomers express heterogeneous single-channel conductances. The most frequent openings exhibit single-channel conductance of 12 and 7 pS in 0.5 M NaCl, and 29 and 9 pS in 0.5 M KCl. In contrast, ion channels are not formed by a peptide of the same amino acid composition as BoTxATM with a scrambled sequence. Conformational energy calculations show that a bundle of four amphipathic alpha-helices is a plausible structural motif underlying the measured pore properties. These studies suggest that the identified module may play a functional role in the ion channel-forming activity of intact botulinum toxin A.
Inductance calculation and optimal pin assignment for the design of pin grid array and chip-carrier packages (2003)

A methodology for calculation of self- and mutual inductance of various electrical paths in a pin grid array (PGA) or a chip carrier package is described. For the highest speed and minimum memory storage requirements, closed-form expressions for inductance are used. An N*N inductance matrix is generated for a package, where N is determined by the number of pins and the power and ground planes. Theory and algorithms for computing the effective inductance of multiply coupled inductors are described. Using these algorithms, a Fortran program for the design of low-inductance PGA and chip-carrier packages is developed. The software estimates the number of pins for a specified value of inductance and computes the effective inductance for the sets of pins chosen for various functions. In this manner, several groups of pin assignments can be evaluated to obtain the smallest effective inductance. Examples for pin assignments for power and ground pins in single- and multilayer packages are illustrated. Good agreement between calculation and experiment was found for packages with pin count varying from 68 to 289.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preclinical Development of an Anti-NaPi2b (<i>SLC34A2</i>) Antibody–Drug Conjugate as a Therapeutic for Non–Small Cell Lung and Ovarian Cancers (2015)

Overall, our preclinical results suggest that the ADC targeting NaPi2b provides an effective new therapy for the treatment of NSCLC and ovarian cancer and is currently undergoing clinical developments.
Synthese von α.ω‐Oligamiden aus L‐Glutaminsäure und L‐Lysin)) (1963)

Abstract Einige Oligamide des Nylon‐5.5‐Typs mit abwechselnd einer freien Carboxyl‐bzw. Aminogruppe je Monomereneinheit wurden nach den der Methoden der Peptidchemie aus Glutaminsäure‐ und Lysinderivaten synthetisiert. Weiter wurden Polykondensationsversuche mit Derivaten dieser beiden Aminosäuren unternommen. Die Zersetzungsreaktionen beim Kochen in wäßriger Lösung sowie das Verhalten gegenüber salpetriger Säure wurden untersucht.
A simple method for the determination of feedback shift register connections for delayed maximal-length sequences (1980)

A fast and simple method for computing the feedback shift register connections of a delayed maximal-length sequence is presented. The method is to utilize the modified recurrence relationships repeatedly. This method can be easily programmed on a computer or permits hand computation.
Identification of border-zone corridors in the left ventricle using the core expansion method (2017)

This article presents the Core Expansion method to automatically detect border-zone corridors in MRI images of the left ventricle, to serve as guidance to Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) ablation. The method relies on the fact that the different gray level intensities of Delayed Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Images (DE-MRI) encode information about the fibrotic tissue. These differences in intensities among tissue types allow separating dense scar from healthy areas of the myocardium, and identify the border-zone region. After generating an onion-like layer-based 3D model of the left ventricle, the method detects potential corridors in the border-zone that can become electrical circuits of low conductivity. These circuits can be responsible for arrhythmic events. The method has been tested both in phantoms and patients. In patients there was a high degree of correlation between the channels detected and those visually identified by an expert on the MRI. Whenever electroanatomical maps were available post-intervention, the MRI detected channels were found to have a high degree of correlation with them.
Parametric study of InP backside processing using high density plasma etching (2002)

In this paper, the characterization of InP via hole etching under various electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) conditions at room temperature was carried out. A mixture of Cl/sub 2//Ar plasma was used in the experiments. Etches were characterized in terms of the etch rate and via profile. The etch rates of InP were found to be able to greatly enhance by increasing Cl/sub 2/ percentage in the Cl/sub 2//Ar mixture, RF power or microwave power, but decreased by increasing process pressure. A 100 /spl mu/m deep tapered profile has been achieved using a /spl sim/4 /spl mu/m/min process without intentionally heating up the electrode. The gradient of the via was about 77/spl deg/ and is suitable for the via hole fabrication for monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest etch rate ever reported in InP substrate for via hole applications.
Multitarget Tracking with Doppler Ambiguity (2013)

A new approach for multitarget detection and tracking with Doppler ambiguity is presented. Ambiguous Doppler measurements, in addition to the position measurements, are directly used in data association and tracking. Based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), the multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) algorithm and the probabilistic data association (PDA) algorithm, three different methods for solving the ambiguity, independent of the choice of particular pulse repetition frequency (PRF) values, in the tracking level are proposed. First, the UKF is modified to handle explicitly the ambiguous Doppler measurement. It is shown that the modified UKF can achieve better tracking performance than the standard UKF. On the other hand, the MHT and PDA algorithms, both of which are usually used to solve the measurement-to-track association problem, are modified here to handle the Doppler ambiguity problem. Simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new algorithms.
Capturing a Sulfenic Acid with Arylboronic Acids and Benzoxaborole (2013)

Post-translational redox generation of cysteine-sulfenic acids (Cys-SOH) functions as an important reversible regulatory mechanism for many biological functions, such as signal transduction, balancing cellular redox states, catalysis, and gene transcription. Herein we show that arylboronic acids and cyclic benzoxaboroles can form adducts with sulfenic acids in aqueous medium and that these boron-based compounds can potentially be used to trap biologically significant sulfenic acids. As proof of principle we demonstrate that a benzoxaborole can inhibit the enzyme activity of an iron-containing nitrile hydratase, which requires a catalytic αCys114-SOH in the active site. The nature of the adduct and the effect of the boronic acid's pK(a)(B) on the stability constant of the adduct are discussed within.
TLS Beyond the Browser (2019)

The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol has evolved in response to different attacks and is increasingly relied on to secure Internet communications. Web browsers have led the adoption of newer and more secure cryptographic algorithms and protocol versions, and thus improved the security of the TLS ecosystem. Other application categories, however, are increasingly using TLS, but too often are relying on obsolete and insecure protocol options.
Bias voltage dependence of magnetocurrent in magnetic tunnel transistors (2004)

The magnetocurrent of magnetic tunnel transistors is measured as a function of emitter/base bias voltage. A nonmonotonic bias dependence is found for magnetic tunnel transistors with a GaAs collector, whereas a monotonic decrease of the magnetocurrent with bias voltage is observed for transistors with a Si collector. A model including spin-dependent inelastic electron scattering in the ferromagnetic base layer and strong electron scattering at the base/collector interface can well account for the experimental results. The different bias dependences of magnetic tunnel transistors with GaAs and Si collectors is attributed to the different conduction band structures of these semiconductor collectors.
Controllable Modulation of the Electronic Structure of ZnO(10<b>1</b>0) Surface by Carboxylic Acids (2010)

A systematic investigation of the correlation between bonding geometries and electronic structures of mercapto-acetic acid molecule on the ZnO(101̅0) nonpolar surface is reported. The geometric structure calculation results are consistent with the recent Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR-ATR) findings. The mercapto-acetic acid molecule can contribute an abundance of band gap states to ZnO. Monolayer functionalized ZnO(101̅0) is on the verge of a metal to insulator transition, which is consistent with the experimental findings of the conductivity increase by 6 orders of magnitude. The electrostatic net charge transfer from the molecule to ZnO is around 0.3 electrons for all configurations, but the electronic structure and adsorption energy of carboxylic molecules on ZnO(101̅0) show strong configuration dependence. This is also the magic of the organic molecule-oxide interface. The mercapto-acetic acid molecule functionalized ZnO also shows facet-dependent characteristics while the monolayer functionalized ZnO(21̅1̅0) does not show metal to insulator transition. Acetic acid does not contribute to the band gap states of ZnO(101̅0), whereas benzoic acid and 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid do contribute an abundance of band gap states to ZnO(101̅0). 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid functionalized ZnO(101̅0) shows a smaller energy difference between the conduction band minimum (CBM) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), compared to mercapto-acetic acid under the same situation. Our findings are useful to understand the effect of surface functionaliztion on ZnO-based solar cells, biosensor applications, oxide surface nanofabrications, and molecular electronics.
V˙<scp>o</scp> <sub>2</sub> kinetics reveal a central limitation at the onset of subthreshold exercise in heart transplant recipients (2000)

Because the cardiocirculatory response of heart transplant recipients (HTR) to exercise is delayed, we hypothesized that their O(2) uptake (VO(2)) kinetics at the onset of subthreshold exercise are slowed because of an impaired early "cardiodynamic" phase 1, rather than an abnormal subsequent "metabolic" phase 2. Thus we compared the VO(2) kinetics in 10 HTR submitted to six identical 10-min square-wave exercises set at 75% (36 +/- 5 W) of the load at their ventilatory threshold (VT) to those of 10 controls (C) similarly exercising at the same absolute (40 W; C40W group) and relative load (67 +/- 14 W; C67W group). Time-averaged heart rate, breath-by-breath VO(2), and O(2) pulse (O(2)p) data yielded monoexponential time constants of the VO(2) (s) and O(2)p increase. Separating phase 1 and 2 data permitted assessment of the phase 1 duration and phase 2 VO(2) time constant (). The VO(2) time constant was higher in HTR (38.4 +/- 7.5) than in C40W (22.9 +/- 9.6; P < or = 0. 002) or C67W (30.8 +/- 8.2; P < or = 0.05), as was the O(2)p time constant, resulting from a lower phase 1 VO(2) increase (287 +/- 59 vs. 349 +/- 66 ml/min; P < or = 0.05), O(2)p increase (2.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.6 +/- 1.0 ml/beat; P < or = 0.0001), and a longer phase 1 duration (36.7 +/- 12.3 vs. 26.8 +/- 6.0 s; P < or = 0.05), whereas the was similar in HTR and C (31.4 +/- 9.6 vs. 29.9 +/- 5.6 s; P = 0.85). Thus the HTR have slower subthreshold VO(2) kinetics due to an abnormal phase 1, suggesting that the heart is unable to increase its output abruptly when exercise begins. We expected a faster in HTR because of their prolonged phase 1 duration. Because this was not the case, their muscular metabolism may also be impaired at the onset of subthreshold exercise.