gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactive prototyping methodology for a domain-dependent user interface (2002)

TASC is developing the Integrated Model Development Environment (IMDE) as a software environment for airbase logistics modeling. The authors describe the methodology for developing the user interface (UI). A UI prototyping process is planned to elicit task-oriented requirements from users of current airbase simulations. An interactive prototyping methodology was developed as an alternative to formal task analysis due to the absence of an existing user base from which to gather task information. An initial graphical UI (GUI) is designed based on analyses of projected user's and expert's conceptual (mental) models of airbase logistics and simulations. A cognitive network method is used for mental model extraction, which is based on knowledge acquisition methods from artificial intelligence. This network of expert/user concepts affords the design of GUl prototypes that map to the expert/user's conceptual model of the domain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Paramagnetic contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging: research at Vanderbilt University. (1984)

Experimental studies in animals have demonstrated the application of particulate and chelated paramagnetic oral contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (at 0.5 tesla). The ability of a soluble paramagnetic species, ferrous gluconate, to improve imaging studies of the pancreas presently is being evaluated in clinical trials. Two paramagnetic metal ion chelates, Cr EDTA and Gd DTPA, have been evaluated extensively as potential intravascular contrast agents. Renal function, tissue vascularity, abnormalities of the blood-brain barrier, and infarction of myocardial tissue may all be assessed with IV contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The contrast materials tested all represent first generation compounds. Improved relaxation characteristics, toxicity, distribution, and flexibility will result from development of second generation agents, primarily within the particulate and chelate classes.
Nk4, a new HGF/SF variant, is an antagonist to the influence of HGF/SF on the motility and invasion of colon cancer cells (2000)

Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor (HGF/SF) is a heterodimeric molecule that plays a key role in the regulation of migration, invasion and angiogenesis in cancer, via activation of its receptor, c-met. HGF/SF is composed of an alpha-chain, containing the N-terminal hairpin domain and 4 kringle domains, plus the serine protease-like beta-chain. We have examined here the properties of NK4, an HGF variant containing the N-terminal hairpin plus the 4 kringle domains, on tumour cell proliferation, dissociation and invasion using human colorectal cancer cells (HT115). The expression of HGF/SF and its receptor was also examined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Analysis revealed NK4 to be an HGF/SF antagonist that, at a wide range of concentrations, did not exert any biological effects of its own. HT115 cells were shown to express the HGF/SF receptor mRNA and protein. HGF/SF-induced receptor tyrosine phosphorylation was suppressed, in a dose-dependent manner, upon addition of NK4, whereas the addition of NK4 alone caused no phosphorylation. Tumour cell motility was induced by HGF and inhibited by NK4. Furthermore, HGF/SF induced the invasion of cells through Matrigel basement membrane components, and again this induced invasion was suppressed by NK4. Our results show that the ability of HGF/SF to stimulate tumour cell motility and invasion, properties required for metastatic spread, can be inhibited by NK4. Thus, NK4 may have an important role in the control of cancer metastasis.
21pm3-PM006 Two-dimensional reagent-laden bubble injection by arrayed electrodes (2014)

This paper present two-dimensional micro-chip for electrically-induced bubble injection device. The study is targeting to have electrodes which are patterned and integrated in the limited space to eject high-speed mono-dispersed bubbles for two dimensional processing of soft materials or patterning regent. For the present study, fundamental processing method to fabricated two-dimensional chip is presented. The novelty of injection mechanism, which is produced by the closed space at the tip of the electrode, is fabricated by original packaging techniques. Multiple injections of high-speed bubbles in microfluidic chip provide efficient high-density injection. This study will contribute to two-dimensional or three-dimensional injection techniques in the limited space for gene therapy and other biomedical applications.
Risk stratification for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. (2000)

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common medical illness with a prognosis that ranges from rapid complete recovery to severe medical complications and death. Approximately 4 million adults are diagnosed with CAP in the US each year; with more than 600,000 (15%) hospitalised. An estimated $4 billion is expended annually on patients with CAP, with inpatient therapy costing as much as 20 times that of outpatient antimicrobial therapy. Determining severity of illness and using this information to risk-stratify patients with CAP is important from several perspectives. Clinically, understanding prognosis can assist physicians in the initial site of treatment decision (home versus hospital) and can be used to communicate expected outcomes to patients. From a research perspective, risk stratification can be used to select appropriate patient subgroups for clinical trials and to provide severity-adjusted outcomes comparisons. From a policy perspective, severity-adjusted outcomes can be used as a proxy for quality of medical care.
Long-term Effect of Dopaminergic Drugs in Restless Legs (1990)

Thirty patients with restless legs syndrome, who initially had all responded well to treatment with levodopa and benserazide, were studied as to the long-term effect of the drugs (at least 2 years). During the 2-year period, two patients were switched from levodopa to bromocriptine. Two patients no longer needed levodopa; one of them had developed paraplegia and in the other the symptoms of restless legs syndrome had disappeared completely. The remaining 26 patients continued to use levodopa. Eight patients maintained the original dose, nine had to use an increased dose, and nine found a decreased dose to be sufficient. The only side effect was transient nausea reported by two of the 30 patients. The study showed that the relief of symptoms of restless legs syndrome by dopaminergic drugs does not wear off with the passage of time, that side effects are minimal even with long-term use, and that the dose needed to obtain relief may increase as well as decrease.
A novel peptide, selected from phage display library of random peptides, can efficiently target into human breast cancer cell (2008)

为乳癌简历治疗开发指向的向量， MDA-MB-231 房间，一根人的乳癌房间线，与 pC89 是 co 有教养的(9 一一) 随机的肽的噬菌体显示图书馆。在屏蔽试用的多重独立介绍肽的噬菌体， subtilisin 被用作朊酶使细胞外的噬菌体失去活性。使内在化的噬菌体被房间 lysising 收集并且在 E 放大了。关口 i XLI 蓝。通过五轮选择，能在 MDA-MB-231 房间被使内在化的介绍肽的噬菌体被孤立。比较被 coculturing 在从 MDA-MB-231 房间孤立的介绍肽的噬菌体和 RGD-integrin 有约束力的噬菌体的成为主观能力之间做他们与另外的人的肿瘤房间线和正常房间。孤立的介绍肽的噬菌体的核苷酸序列然后被定序的 DNA 决定。为了揭开，噬菌体是否覆盖蛋白质或氨基酸顺序，为肽的特性被要求到 MDA-MB-231 细胞，三肽被综合。他们是 CASPSGALRSC， ASPSGALRS 和 CGVIFDHSVPC (CASPSGALRSC 的转移顺序) ，并且在 coculturing 以后他们与不同房间线，他们到 MDA-MB-231 房间的指向的能力被检测。这些数据建议成为主观进程从父母肽变体捕获特定的肽高度选择、有能力。而且，肽的指向的成为主观事件是一种氨基酸顺序依赖者方式。结果表明了使用随机的肽的噬菌体显示图书馆为大分子的细胞内部的交货开发新指向的系统的可行性，并且我们获得了的肽可能为乳癌基因治疗作为指向的向量被修改。
Escherichia coli TK18-A株の気嚢内人工感染による初生ヒナに対するVirulenceについて (1980)

鶏呼吸器性マイコプラズマ病に関する基礎的検討の一環として,本病の一実験感染系確立の為に,さきに著者ら(1980)21)はM. gallisepticum (MG) 1RF株を用いて,今回と同様な実験を行った成績について報告した。今回は鶏大腸菌症の原因ならびにMG感染症の混合感染菌として重要な,E.coliの気嚢内人工感染による初生ヒナに対するvirulenceの程度を知る目的で本実験を行った。
E. coli TK18-A株(O群2)液体培養の10倍段階希釈(5.4×10^0-5/0.4ml)を,ブロイラー初生ヒナ(雄)の右後胸気嚢内に接種し,4週間観察した。各実験群20羽宛のヒナにつき,臨床症状,増体量,飼料要求率,病理変状,各臓器からのE. coli分離等の項目につき検討し,下記の成績が得られた。
1) 全群呼吸器症状はみられず,各群ヒナの死亡は主に感染後7日以内にみられ,例外的に10及び14日後1例ずつの死亡がみられた。菌接種0～10^5 CFU各群の死亡率は,それぞれ0,5,5,40,60,100,100%であった。供試菌のLD50は5.4×10^2.4 CFUであり,接種菌10CFU以下では死亡率は極めて低く,また接種菌数が減少するに従い,死亡時期がやや遅延する傾向がみられた。
2) 増体量・飼料要求率については,早期死亡例が多く,各群間の比較は困難であった。40%のヒナが生残した10^3 CFU菌接種群とそれ以下の菌接種群での成長曲線では,10^3 CFU菌接種群が最低を示した。
3) 肉眼病変出現率と接種菌数とはほぼ平行する傾向がみられ,LD50以上の菌接種群で病変陽性の傾向がみられた。気嚢病変は菌接種側で高率にみられた。10^3 CFU菌接種死亡例で顕著な病変が多数みられた。気嚢病変は,10^2-5 CFU菌接種群にみられた。
4) 以上の病変は,病理組織学的にも,全体的に滲出性の炎症病相が主体で,従来記載の大腸菌性敗血症病変とよく一致した。
5) E. coli分離率は接種菌数とほぼ平行し,10^4-5 CFU菌接種群死亡例では100%で大部分のヒナは典型的な急性敗血症死とみられた。
6) 本菌株のAID50とLD50の菌数はほぼ同一とみられた。
Pressure-sensing based on photothermally coupled operation of micromechanical beam resonator (2013)

Here, we demonstrate the pressure-sensing scheme based on the photothermal effect in the miniaturized beam resonator in the moderate pressure range. Since the resonance frequency of the small beam resonator under thermal stress can be easily modulated by the convective cooling of the gas molecules, the pressure change has been monitored by tracking the frequency shift under constant optical power. Our experimental measurements as well as the analytical model show that the described technique ensures the fast response to the external pressure variation with high responsivity as well as much sought-after scalability, desirable for many technological applications.
Design of a Free-Floating Polycarbonate-Urethane Meniscal Implant Using Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Validation (2010)

The development of a synthetic meniscal implant that does not require surgical attachment but still provides the biomechanical function necessary for joint preservation would have important advantages. We present a computational-experimental approach for the design optimization of a free-floating polycarbonate-urethane (PCU) meniscal implant. Validated 3D finite element (FE) models of the knee and PCU-based implant were analyzed under physiological loads. The model was validated by comparing calculated pressures, determined from FE analysis to tibial plateau contact pressures measured in a cadaveric knee in vitro. Several models of the implant, some including embedded reinforcement fibers, were tested. An optimal implant configuration was then selected based on the ability to restore pressure distribution in the knee, manufacturability, and long-term safety. The optimal implant design entailed a PCU meniscus embedded with circumferential reinforcement made of polyethylene fibers. This selected design can be manufactured in various sizes, without risking its integrity under joint loads. Importantly, it produces an optimal pressure distribution, similar in shape and values to that of natural meniscus. We have shown that a fiber-reinforced, free-floating PCU meniscal implant can redistribute joint loads in a similar pattern to natural meniscus, without risking the integrity of the implant materials.
Extending the heat flux limit with enhanced microchannels in direct single phase cooling of computer chips (2005)

The high heat transfer coefficients in microchannels are attractive for direct cooling of computer chips requiring high heat-flux removal. However, this is associated with a severe pressure drop penalty. Channel size optimization therefore becomes necessary in selecting an appropriate channel geometry configuration. As the heat flux increases beyond about 2 MW/m/sup 2/, the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of the plain channels dictate the use of turbulent flow through the channels, which suffers from an excessive pressure drop penalty. It therefore becomes essential to incorporate enhancement features in the microchannels and multiple passes with shorter flow lengths to provide the desired solution. Results obtained from a theoretical analysis are presented as parametric plots for the heat transfer and pressure drop performance of a 10 mm/spl times/10 mm silicon chip incorporating plain microchannels. Enhanced microchannels with offset strip fins in single-pass and split-flow arrangements are also investigated. The results show that the enhanced structures are capable of dissipating heat fluxes extending beyond 3 MW/m/sup 2/ using water as the coolant in a split-flow arrangement with a core pressure drop of around 35 kPa.
Nutzung der Windenergie (1996)

Die Anwendung der Windenergie zur Elektrizitätsversorgung bringt eine Verbreiterung der Energiebasis und vermindert die Umweltbelastung. Sie ist besonders sinnvoll, wenn wirtschaftliche Konkurrenzfähigkeit mit üblicherweise verwendeten Energieträgern besteht. Kenntnisse über die Anlagenkosten und über die zu erwartende Energielieferung sind von grundlegender Bedeutung. Dabei müssen gute Windverhältnisse am geplanten Standort als wichtigste Voraussetzung für eine wirtschaftliche Nutzung der Windenergie angesehen werden [6.1].
Detection of Ia Antigens on Langerhans Cells in Guinea Pig Skin (1978)

Abstract Langerhans cells (LC) constitute a small proportion of the mammalian epidermal cells and may be identified by their unique ultrastructural appearance. Of all the cells in the guinea pig epidermis, only Langerhans cells—as defined by ultrastructural criteria—form rosettes with IgG antibody-coated BRBC. Using this rosette assay for the identification of LC and an indirect immunofluorescent technique with FITC-SPA as a marker to detect antigens of the guinea pig MHC, we have investigated whether guinea pig LC bear Ia antigens. Rosette-forming epidermal cells (RF-EC)—identical to LC—from strain 2 animals bound only an anti-strain 2 antiserum, but not an anti-strain 13 antiserum or NGPS and, in reverse fashion, RF-EC from strain 13 animals bound an anti-strain 13 antiserum, but not an anti-strain 2 antiserum or NGPS. LC from (2 × 13)F1 animals reacted with both an anti-strain 2 and anti-strain 13 antiserum, but not with NGPS. Non-RF-EC did not bind any of the anti-Ia antisera. An anti-B.1 antiserum, by contrast, reacted with all epidermal cells from strain 2, strain 13, and (2 × 13)F1 animals (known to share in common B.1 antigens), but not with epidermal cells from a B.3 animal. These results demonstrate that Ia antigens in guinea pig epidermis are selectively expressed on LC, whereas GPLA-B region antigens can be detected on all epidermal cells. Fc-IgG rosette formation by LC can be inhibited by either the specific anti-Ia antiserum or by specific anti-B region antisera, which seems to indicate that antibodies against various antigenic determinants on LC may provoke subtle membrane changes resulting in Fc receptor blockade. The finding of Fc receptors along with the expression of Ia antigens on the surface of LC supports the concept of their being involved in the afferent limb of the immune response.
STEREOCHEMISTRY OF DIPYRIDYLS. PREPARATION AND RESOLUTION OF 2,4,2',4'-TETRACARBOXY-6,6'-DIPHENYL-3,3'-DIPYRIDYL. XX<sup>1,2</sup> (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTEREOCHEMISTRY OF DIPYRIDYLS. PREPARATION AND RESOLUTION OF 2,4,2',4'-TETRACARBOXY-6,6'-DIPHENYL-3,3'-DIPYRIDYL. XX1,2E. H. Woodruff and Roger AdamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 5, 1977–1982Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01344a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01344a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Confessional Account of an Ethnography About Knowledge Work1 (2000)

Information systems research has traditionally focused on information as an object that serves as input to decision making. Such a perspective attends mainly to the use of information. Increasingly, however, organizations are concerned about the production of information. This paper focuses on the work of producing informational objects, an activity central to knowledge work. Based on data collected during an eight-month ethnographic study of three groups of knowledge workers—computer system administrators, competitive intelligence analysts, and librarians—I explore the informing practices they relied upon. These are identified as ex-pressing, monitoring, and translating. Common to these informing practices is the knowledge workers’ endeavor to balance subjectivity and objectivity, where subjectivity is a necessary part of doing value adding work and objectivity promises workers authority and a sense of security. Recognizing that researchers are knowledge workers too, I draw on my own experiences as an ethnographic researcher to identify parallels between my informing practices and those of the knowledge workers I studied. These parallels are intended to challenge the taken-for-granted assumptions underlying scientific practice. I adopt a confessional genre of representation for this purpose.
Increased Urinary Excretion of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme in Patients with Renal Diseases (1982)

We measured the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ED 3.4.15.1) in urine samples from normal subjects and patients with nephrotic syndrome and chronic glomerulonephritis. Urinary excretion of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with nephrotic syndrome (1.58 +/- 0.50 (SD) units/day; n = 15) and chronic glomerulonephritis (1.01 +/- 0.45 units/day; n = 12) was significantly increased compared with normal subjects (0.38 +/- 0.10 units/day; n = 18). It was demonstrated that a high molecular weight form of the enzyme (more than 400000) was mainly excreted in urines from patients with nephrotic syndrome. After trypsin treatment, this form was altered to a low molecular weight form (290000). These two different forms of urinary angiotensin converting enzyme were compared with the enzyme purified from human kidney, and found to be identical with respect to Km values (2 mmol/l), pH optimum (pH 8.3), chloride ion dependency (0.8 mol/l), inhibitory effect of captopril (I50, 21 nmol/l), and behavior towards antiserum to human kidney angiotensin converting enzyme.
In the name of God? – The problem of religious or non-religious preambles to state constitutions in post-atheistic contexts (2004)

In the name of God? -The problem of religious or non-religious preambles to
A Readout Integrated Circuit (ROIC) with hybrid source/sensor array (2011)

Based on test results of a conventional Readout Integrated Circuit (ROIC) with basic light detecting function, this paper proposed a new design, which integrates a dense addressable light emitting LED and photo detector array, with on-chip control, driver electronics and improved performance.
<i>p53</i> Gene and Protein Status: The Role of <i>p53</i> Alterations in Predicting Outcome in Patients With Bladder Cancer (2007)

We show that evaluation of both the p53 gene and protein statuses provides information in assessing the clinical recurrence risk in bladder cancer and that the specific mutation site may be important in assessing recurrence risk. These findings may substantially impact the assessment of p53 alterations and the management of bladder cancer.
To Add or Not to Add: Privacy and Social Honeypots (2010)

Online Social Networks (OSNs) have become a mainstream cultural phenomenon in the past years, where million of people connect to each other and share memories, digital media and business relations. Many users also publish personal information about their activities, relationships, locations and interests on these sites, seemingly unaware of how these data can be used by other parties. Sites typically attempt to restrict data-sharing to members of a user''s social network, but this is only effective if these social networks cannot be exploited by malicious users. In this paper we perform an experiment in order to assess the vulnerability and privacy awareness of users when engaging in online relations with random unknown users, or those pretending to be a famous character. We find that usually users do not accept random friendship requests, but some aggressively search for celebrities, making a perfect case for spammers to form honeypots using such fake profiles. We present a set of suggestions for enhancing privacy on social networks which could reduce the threats of identity theft in such environments.
Mutagenesis of Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Capsid Protein VP1 Uncovers New Roles for Basic Amino Acids in Trafficking and Cell-Specific Transduction (2010)

The N termini of the capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 of adeno-associated virus (AAV) play important roles in subcellular steps of infection and contain motifs that are highly homologous to a phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) domain and nuclear localization signals (NLSs). To more clearly understand how virion components influence infection, we have generated mutations in these regions and examined their effects on subcellular trafficking, capsid stability, transduction, and sensitivity to pharmacological enhancement. All mutants tested assembled into capsids; retained the correct ratio of VP1, VP2, and VP3; packaged DNA similarly to recombinant AAV2 (rAAV2); and displayed similar stability profiles when heat denatured. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that these mutants trafficked through a perinuclear region in the vicinity of the Golgi apparatus, with a subset of mutants displaying more-diffuse localization consistent with an NLS-deficient phenotype. When tested for viral transduction, two mutant classes emerged. Class I (BR1(-), BR2(-), and BR2+K) displayed partial transduction, whereas class II (VP3 only, (75)HD/AN, BR3(-), and BR3+K) were severely defective. Surprisingly, one class II mutant (BR3+K) trafficked identically to rAAV2 and accumulated in the nucleolus, a step recently described by our laboratory that occurs with wild-type infection. The BR3+K mutant, containing an alanine-to-lysine substitution in the third basic region of VP1, was 10- to 100-fold-less infectious than rAAV2 in transformed cell lines (such as HEK-293, HeLa, and CV1-T cells), but in contrast, it was indistinguishable from rAAV2 in several nontransformed cell lines, as well as in tissues (liver, brain, and muscle) in vivo. Complementation studies with pharmacological adjuvants or adenovirus coinfection suggested that additional positive charges in NLS regions restrict mobilization in the nucleus and limit transduction in a transformed-cell-specific fashion. Remarkably, besides displaying cell-type-specific transduction, this is the first description of a capsid mutant indicating that nuclear entry is not sufficient for AAV-mediated transduction and suggests that additional steps (i.e., subnuclear mobilization or uncoating) limit successful AAV infection.