gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An adenovirus E4 gene product trans-activates E2 transcription and stimulates stable E2F binding through a direct association with E2F. (1990)

The adenovirus E4 gene encodes a trans-activating function that can stimulate the E2 promoter. E2 promoter sequences required for E4 trans-activation are identical to those required for E1A trans-activation, and these principally are the E2 promoter binding factor (E2F) binding sites. Furthermore, full activation of E2F DNA binding activity requires both E1A and E4 action. Analysis of a series of mutant E4 viruses identifies open reading frame (orf) 6/7 of the E4 transcription unit as that required for activation of E2F binding activity. In addition, the assay of various E4 cDNAs demonstrates that the E4 orf 6/7 also is responsible for the trans-activation of E2 transcription. Translation of the E4 orf 6/7 mRNA, but not a control mRNA, in a reticulocyte extract generates an activity that can stimulate cooperative binding of E2F in vitro, consistent with recent in vivo assays that demonstrate a role for the E4 gene in E2F stable complex formation. This stimulation is due to a direct interaction of the E4 protein with E2F since an antibody that recognizes the E4 orf 6/7 polypeptide detects this E4 protein in the E2F-DNA complex. We conclude that the E4 orf 6/7 product interacts with the E2F factor altering binding to allow formation of a stable complex that results in a stimulation of transcription.
Biomimetically Activated Amino Acids. Catalysis in the Hydrolysis of Alanyl Ethyl Phosphate (1997)

Alanyl ethyl phosphate (1) is an activated derivative of alanine that is functionally related to the corresponding aminoacyl adenylate, the initial activated amino acid intermediate in protein biosynthesis. To establish the inherent reactivity of these species, the kinetic parameters for hydrolysis of alanyl ethyl phosphate in water at 25 °C were determined. There is catalysis by acid (k = 4 × 10-4 M-1s-1) and base (k = 1.7 M-1 s-1) along with two pH-independent processes (k = 3 × 10-5 and 1.6 × 10-3 s-1) that are connected as a kinetic titration curve of the amino group of alanyl ethyl phosphate (pKa = 7.8). The results are consistent with mechanisms proceeding via addition to the carbonyl of water or hydroxide with proton migrations. Reaction with methanol is slower than reactions with water while reaction with 2-propanol leads to complex products. In solutions sufficiently concentrated for 31P NMR analysis, alanyl ethyl phosphate also undergoes reactions that produce alanylalanine and other condensation products. Metal ions catalyze the hydrolysis reactions through complex formation. Cupric and zinc ions are most effective (∼100-fold larger rate constant than water: association constants > 100 M-1) with magnesium and calcium forming weaker and less reactive complexes. These results show that aminoacyl alkyl phosphates are sufficiently stable to be used in water and that metal ions can facilitate their reactions. Improved catalysts will be needed to facilitate biomimetic processes such as aminoacylation of t-RNA.
Ecofriendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ethno Medicinal Plant Leaf Extract (<i>Jasminum auriculatum</i>) and their Antibacterial Properties (2015)

The present investigation, we describe a cost effective biofabrication of silver nanoparticles using jasminum auriculatum leaf extract. The aqueous leaf extract of jasminum auriculatum are used as reducing agent and capping agent in silver nanoparticles synthesis. The biofabricated silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffraction, FTIR spectra and SEM with EDX analysis. FTIR studies revealed that the functional group responsible for silver reduction were found to be jasminol and triterpinoid compounds present in leaf extract. XRD analysis showed that prepared silver nanoparticles are crystalline in nature with an average diameter of 15-20 nm. The prepared silver nanoparticles have been evaluated in vitro for antibacterial activities and found to have higher antibacterial activities.
Influence of Carbon Dioxide Addition to Raw Milk on Microbial Levels and Some Fat-Soluble Vitamin Contents of Raw and Pasteurized Milk (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTInfluence of Carbon Dioxide Addition to Raw Milk on Microbial Levels and Some Fat-Soluble Vitamin Contents of Raw and Pasteurized MilkP. Ruas-Madiedo, V. Bascarán, A. F. Braña, J. C. Bada-Gancedo, and C. G. de los Reyes-GavilanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1998, 46, 7, 2894Publication Date (Web):June 13, 1998Publication History Published online13 June 1998Published inissue 1 July 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf9805451https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9805451correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (15 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cooperating Robots for Reconfigurable Assembly Operations: Review and Challenges (2012)

This paper discusses an approach to controlling autonomous and mobile robotic production units, which can change tasks and position in the shop floor to enable random production flow. The concept integrates control in two levels. At line level, a service-oriented architecture control deals with manufacturing operations assignments made to mobile and stationary resources and enables the autonomous communication between resources in order for adaptation actions to be decided on. At unit level, the logic enables the autonomous operation of resources, integrating information from sensors as well as mechatronic data. The paper focuses on the definition of the current state and the identification of the challenges for the implementation of such an approach.
Electroabsorption of highly confined systems: Theory of the quantum-confined Franz–Keldysh effect in semiconductor quantum wires and dots (1988)

Semiconductor quantum wells are known to show large electroabsorption (e.g., the quantum-confined Stark effect) that results in low-energy optical modulating and switching devices. We show theoretically that the electroabsorption and associated electrorefraction in lower dimensional structures could be much larger, suggesting very low energy devices. We illustrate the theory with specific calculations for hypothetical GaAs-like quantum wires and dots.
Adjustable Dual Beam Wireless Base Station Antenna (2008)

This article presents a multi-column array and a beam forming circuit that produces two overlapping beams with high efficiency and adjustable beam patterns for wireless base station applications. The proposed antenna is an adjustable cylindrical sector array comprising of three separate columns of linear array. This structure allows forming of two overlapping beams with amplitude and phase excitations which can be implemented using a compact and low loss circuit. The adjustable offset displacement for the center column array allows refinement and adjustment of pattern characteristics of the two overlapping beams. This method results in beam split loss of less than 0.5 dB in comparison to a single beam case. Performance parameters such as the beam cross-over loss and pattern discrimination between beams can also be adjusted in-situ for optimum operation.
Semiconductor Inspection System for Next-generation (2000)

OVERVIEW: The miniaturization of semiconductor devices is accelerating year by year, as represented by the technical roadmap of ITRIS (International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors). Along with this trend, the increasing cost of inspection tools and systems is becoming an issue. Based on its know-how of how to optimize operations and support applications, Hitachi has developed an integrated inspection and evaluation system with a high return on investment (ROI) as a solution. Yasutsugu Usami Seiji Isogai Isao Kawata
Interactive e-learning system using pattern recognition and augmented reality (2009)

This paper proposes an interactive e-learning system using pattern recognition and augmented reality. The goal of proposed system is to provide students with realistic audio-visual contents when they are leaning. The proposed e-learning system consists of image recognition, color and polka-dot pattern recognition, and augmented reality engine with audio-visual contents. When the Web camera on a PC captures the current page of textbook, the e-learning system first identifies the images on the page, and augments some audio-visual contents on the monitor. For interactive learning, the proposed e-learning system exploits the color-band or polka-dot markers which are stuck to the end of a finger. The color-band and polka-dot marker act like the mouse cursor to indicate the position in the textbook image. Appropriate interactive audio-visual contents are augmented as the marker is located on the predefined image objects in the textbook. The proposed e-learning system was applied to the educational courses in the elementary school, and we obtained satisfactory results for real applications. We expect that the proposed e-learning system is popular when the educational contents and scenarios are sufficiently provided.
NIN-like protein 8 is a master regulator of nitrate-promoted seed germination in Arabidopsis (2016)

Seeds respond to multiple different environmental stimuli that regulate germination. Nitrate stimulates germination in many plants but how it does so remains unclear. Here we show that the Arabidopsis NIN-like protein 8 (NLP8) is essential for nitrate-promoted seed germination. Seed germination in nlp8 loss-of-function mutants does not respond to nitrate. NLP8 functions even in a nitrate reductase-deficient mutant background, and the requirement for NLP8 is conserved among Arabidopsis accessions. NLP8 reduces abscisic acid levels in a nitrate-dependent manner and directly binds to the promoter of CYP707A2, encoding an abscisic acid catabolic enzyme. Genetic analysis shows that NLP8-mediated promotion of seed germination by nitrate requires CYP707A2. Finally, we show that NLP8 localizes to nuclei and unlike NLP7, does not appear to be activated by nitrate-dependent nuclear retention of NLP7, suggesting that seeds have a unique mechanism for nitrate signalling.
The Recorder in Music Education (1968)

Developments taken place from the time recorder playing was introduced into the field of music education some thirty years ago are presented. Recorders provide a strong motivation for children to learn music notation and it can be absorbing and satisfying means of musical expression.
Complications of percutaneous gastrostomy in patients with head and neck cancer--an analysis of 42 consecutive patients. (1999)

A total of 42 patients, who underwent insertion of a percutaneous gastrostomy tube prior to resection for oral squamous cell carcinoma, were investigated to examine the incidence and severity of complications associated with use of this technique. The team performing the procedure and the grade of operator was noted together with any subsequent complications and their outcome. Previously reported complication rates were 2.7-2.8% and 6-7.1% for major and minor complications, respectively, but, in this series, a major complication rate of 22.5% and minor complication rate of 17.5% were identified. The findings of this study have led to the introduction of a further prospective audit of this technique in the maxillofacial unit and a more selective policy of PEG prescription for patients undergoing resection for head and neck cancer.
FlaA Proteins in Leptospira interrogans Are Essential for Motility and Virulence but Are Not Required for Formation of the Flagellum Sheath (2012)

Spirochetes have periplasmic flagella composed of a core surrounded by a sheath. The pathogen Leptospira interrogans has four flaB (proposed core subunit) and two flaA (proposed sheath subunit) genes. The flaA genes are organized in a locus with flaA2 immediately upstream of flaA1. In this study, flaA1 and flaA2 mutants were constructed by transposon mutagenesis. Both mutants still produced periplasmic flagella. The flaA1 mutant did not produce FlaA1 but continued to produce FlaA2 and retained normal morphology and virulence in a hamster model of infection but had reduced motility. The flaA2 mutant did not produce either the FlaA1 or the FlaA2 protein. Cells of the flaA2 mutant lacked the distinctive hook-shaped ends associated with L. interrogans and lacked translational motility in liquid and semisolid media. These observations were confirmed with a second, independent flaA2 mutant. The flaA2 mutant failed to cause disease in animal models of acute infection. Despite lacking FlaA proteins, the flagella of the flaA2 mutant were of the same thickness as wild-type flagella, as measured by electron microscopy, and exhibited a normal flagellum sheath, indicating that FlaA proteins are not essential for the synthesis of the flagellum sheath, as observed for other spirochetes. This study shows that FlaA subunits contribute to leptospiral translational motility, cellular shape, and virulence.
Electrografting of Preformed Aliphatic Polyesters onto Metallic Surfaces (2002)

Preformed aliphatic polyesters bearing pendent acrylate groups, poly(4-acryloyloxy-ε-caprolactone)-co-ε-caprolactone) [poly(ACL-co-εCL)], were grafted onto metallic surfaces by a cathodic electrochemical process. Content of acrylates must exceed a lower limit for them to be adsorbed on the cathode with the proper orientation and for the grafting to be successful. The strongly adhering films were analyzed by IR reflection−absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. As a result of the known miscibility of poly-ε-caprolactone with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), the pregrafting of poly(ACL-co-εCL) imparts strong adhesion to PVC topcoats.
Copper Nanoparticles: Aqueous Phase Synthesis and Conductive Films Fabrication at Low Sintering Temperature (2013)

Conductive copper nanoinks can be used as a low-cost replacement for silver and gold nanoinks that are used in inkjet printing of conductive patterns. We describe a high-throughput, simple, and convenient method for the preparation of copper nanoparticles in aqueous solution at room temperature. Copper acetate is used as the precursor, hydrazine as the reducing agent, and short chain carboxylic acids as capping agents. The concentration of the carboxylic acid plays a key role in the preparation of such copper nanoparticles. Stable copper nanoparticles with a diameter of less than 10 nm and a narrow size distribution were prepared when high concentrations of lactic acid, citric acid, or alanine were used. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that any lactic acid or glycolic acid adsorbed on the surface of the copper nanoparticles can be removed at a relatively low temperature, especially, glycolic acid, which can be removed from the surface at about 125 °C. Highly conductive copper films prepared using lactic acid and glycolic acid as capping agents were obtained by drop coating a copper nanoparticle paste onto a glass slide followed by low temperature sintering. The electrical resistivity of the copper film using glycolic acid as the capping agent was 25.5 ± 8.0 and 34.8 ± 9.0 μΩ·cm after annealing at 150 and 200 °C for 60 min under nitrogen, respectively. When lactic acid was used as the capping agent, the electrical resistivity of the copper films was 21.0 ± 7.0 and 9.1 ± 2.0 μΩ·cm after annealing at 150 and 200 °C for 60 min under nitrogen, respectively, with the latter being about five times greater than the resistivity of bulk copper (1.7 μΩ·cm).
Room-temperature gas-sensing ability of PtSi/porous Si Schottky junctions (2006)

Gas-sensing ability of n-type PtSi/porous Si Schottky junctions is investigated at room temperature. These junctions exhibit a breakdown-type current-voltage (I-V) curve at low reverse bias voltages (5-15 V) due to very large electric fringing fields (10/sup 5/-10/sup 6/ V/cm) developed at the sharp edges and the bottom of the pores. Experimental results for selected gases are presented. Gases with inherent dipole moments tend to decrease the breakdown voltage. Gases without dipole moments do not affect the I-V curve directly, but they can replace gas content inside the pores and decrease the dipole moment of the ambient gas, which results in an increase in breakdown voltage. Based on these experiments, the possible application of this structure as a gas sensor at room temperature is discussed.
Pulsatile Stretch Stimulates Superoxide Production and Activates Nuclear Factor-κB in Human Coronary Smooth Muscle (1997)

There is increasing evidence that oxidative stress is of pathophysiological importance in cardiovascular disease. Mechanical forces such as pulsatility may also contribute. Using human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCAS), we tested the hypothesis that stretch-induced cell proliferation is associated with oxidative stress. Stretch induced DNA synthesis in HCAS, and this was prevented by the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC). Pulsatile stretch also increased superoxide production from HCAS in a time- and stretch dependent manner. Stretch-induced superoxide production was inhibited by diphenyleneiodoniumchloride, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, and p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid, an NADH oxidase inhibitor, but not by the xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol or the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays, tumor necrosis factor-alpha activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) with a peak at approximately 3 hours, whereas pulsatile stretch showed sustained activation during stimulation for up to 24 hours. The sustained activation of NF-kappa B was abolished by cotreatment with N-acetylcysteine or PDTC. Furthermore, treatment of HCAS with antisense p65 and p50 oligodeoxynucleotides of NF-kappa B inhibited stretch-induced DNA synthesis. We propose that pulsatile stretch increases oxidative stress and, in turn, promotes DNA synthesis via NF-kappa B in cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells.
Radioprotective Effects of Sodium Tungstate in Mice (2000)

The radioprotective effects of sodium tungstate on gamma-ray (9.8 Gy) induced decreases in survival rate, and hematocrit value in male and female mice were examined. Daily ingestion of 0.02% sodium tungstate solution (33-36 mg/kg body weight/day) as drinking water from 7 days before and up to 60 days after irradiation significantly mitigated the decrease in hematocrit value, especially at 21 days after irradiation. The increase in survival rate was observed in male and female mice administered sodium tungstate solution. As for its radioprotective effects, no significant sex differences were observed.
Distinction between epidermal antigens binding pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus autoantibodies. (1984)

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) are autoimmune blistering diseases in which antibodies develop to the cell surface of epidermal cells. In this study we sought to determine the antigenic specificity of antibodies in the sera of patients with PV and PF. Sera from 12 patients with PV were used to immunoprecipitate extracts of cultured human epidermal cells that were radiolabeled with 14C-amino acids. Immunoprecipitates were identified by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and fluorography. All 12 PV sera precipitated a protein which, when reduced, displayed chains of 130,000 and 80,000 mol wt on SDS-PAGE. Electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions identified a 210,000-mol wt molecule, which was presumably formed by disulfide crosslinking of the 130,000 and 80,000-mol wt chains. Immunoprecipitates of epidermal cell extracts that were labeled with 14C-glucosamine indicated that the 130,000-mol wt chain. Seven of eight PF sera, which were run concurrently with the PV sera in this immunoprecipitation assay, did not precipitate this glycoprotein, nor did they specifically precipitate any protein. To determine if a specific molecule which reacted with antibodies in PF sera could be identified, we used immunoblot analysis of extracts of normal human epidermis. The proteins in these extracts were reduced, separated by SDS-PAGE, and electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose sheets or to 2-aminophenylthioether paper. Immunoperoxidase staining of the transferred proteins with PF sera indicated that four of eight PF sera contained antibodies that stained a protein band of 160,000 mol wt. Indirect immunofluorescence, using normal human skin as the substrate, indicated that IgG that was eluted from this protein band stained the epidermis in a cell surface pattern. PV sera did not specifically recognize any bands by immunoblot analysis. Immunoblots performed with PV antigen that was immunoprecipitated from cell culture extracts suggested that, once denatured for SDS-PAGE, PV antigen is no longer immunoreactive. Taken together, these data indicate that: autoantibodies contained in PV sera from various patients have a unique molecular specificity; autoantibodies from most PF sera have a specificity different from that of PV autoantibodies; and autoantibodies from various PF patients may not have identical antigenic specificities. These differences in antigenic specificity between PV and PF sera may account for the clinical and histologic differences between these diseases.
Elastomeric electron beam-cured coatings: Structure–property relationships. II. Chain transfer agents (1979)

Properties of electron beam-cured film from 100% reactive mixtures consisting of polyester diacrylourethane oligomer, copolymerizing monomer, and chain transfer agents were investigated. The inclusion of chain transfer agent in such polymerization reaction was aimed to reducing the degree of polymerization of the double at each end of the oligomer, which is believed to be responsible for the low extensibility of these films. In general, these agents were found to result in some retardation in the polymerization reaction, but none of them influenced the mechanical properties of the cured films except mercapto-functional agents, which were found to drastically affect these properties. By the addition of a mere 2% to 3% of these agents it was possible to toughen the EB-cured films by increasing both the extensibility and breaking strength. This confirms the above speculation and brings the properties of these films to a level almost comparable to those of linear polyurethanes.
Linienführung (1992)

Die Linienführung der Gleise in Grund- und Aufriß wird durch Trassierungselemente bestimmt. Für die Trassierungselemente sind in den Bau- und Betriebsordnungen Grenzwerte als Mindest- bzw. zulässige Höchstwerte festgelegt.
Quantum interference by a nonlocal double slit (1999)

We report an interference experiment in which photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion produce a Young-type fourth-order interference pattern after being scattered by two different and spatially separated apertures, whose superposition defines a double slit. The experiment is compared with previous ones based on parametric down-conversion, and its nonlocal nature is discussed. A theoretical explanation is also provided.