gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the effective conductivity and cost of gas-filled panel thermal insulations (1993)

Gas-Filled Panels, or GFPs, are an advanced thermal insulation that employ a low-conductivity, inert gas, at atmospheric pressure, within a multilayer reflective baffle.The thermal performance of GFPs varies with gas conductivity, overall panel thickness, and baffle construction.Design parameters of baffle constructions that have a strong effect on GFP thermal resistance are (1) cavities per thickness, (2) cavity surface emittance, and (3) conductance ofthe baffle materials.GFP thermal performances, where the above parameters were varied, were modeled on a spreadsheet by iterative calculation of one-dimensional energy balances.Heat flow meter apparatus measurements of prototype GFP effective conductivities have been made and are compared to results of the calculations.The costs associated with varying baffle constructions are estimated based on the prices of commercial material components.Results are presented in terms of cost per area per unit thermal resistance ($/AreaR-Value) and are useful for optimizing GFP designs for air, argon, or krypton gas :fills and a desired effective conductivity and thickness.
Low-Overhead Accrual Failure Detector (2012)

Failure detectors are one of the fundamental components for building a distributed system with high availability. In order to maintain the efficiency and scalability of failure detection in a complicated large-scale distributed system, accrual failure detectors that can adapt to multiple applications have been studied extensively. In this paper, an new accrual failure detector--LA-FD with low system overhead has been proposed specifically for current mobile network equipment on the Internet whose processing power, memory space and power supply are all constrained. It does not rely on the probability distribution of message transmission time, or on the maintenance of a history message window. By simple calculation, LA-FD provides adaptive failure detection service with high accuracy to multiple upper applications. The related experiments and results have also been presented.
47.4: <i>Invited Paper</i>: 3D Displays using Scanning Laser Projection (2012)

Abstract Scanning laser projection technology is enabling advances in a number of areas of 3D display development. We discuss various scanned laser display technologies developed in our laboratory: 1) Our 1 mm × 9 mm projector uses a vibrating singlemode optical fiber to produce scanned images, and enables compact 3D head‐mounted displays with the potential form factor of a pair of eyeglasses. 2) Arrays of scanning fiber projectors can enable massively‐multi‐view autostereoscopic displays with full head motion parallax and partial accommodation cues, and 3) Our 3D volumetric displays triaxially scan light beams to render a volume, placing different pixels at different optical viewing distances to enable accurate accommodation and vergence cues.
American Brachytherapy Task Group Report: Adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy for early-stage endometrial cancer: A comprehensive review (2020)

This article aims to review the risk stratification of endometrial cancer, treatment rationale, outcomes, treatment planning, and treatment recommendations of vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) in the post-operative management of endometrial cancer patients. The authors performed a thorough review of the literature and reference pertinent articles pertaining to the aims of this review. Adjuvant VBT for early stage endometrial cancer patients results in very low rates of vaginal recurrence (0–3.1%) with low rates of late toxicity which are primarily vaginal in nature. PORTEC-2 supports that VBT results in non-inferior rates of vaginal recurrence compared to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for the treatment of high-intermediate risk patients. VBT as a boost following EBRT, in combination with chemotherapy, and for high-risk histologies have shown excellent results as well though randomized data do not exist supporting VBT boost. There are many different applicators, dose-fractionation schedules, and treatment planning techniques which all result in favorable clinical outcomes and low rates of toxicity. Recommendations have been published by the American Brachytherapy Society and the American Society of Radiation Oncology to help guide practitioners in the use of VBT. Data support that patients and physicians both prefer joint decision-making regarding the use of VBT, and patients often desire additional treatment for a marginal benefit in risk of recurrence. Discussions regarding adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer are best performed in a multi-disciplinary setting and patients should be counseled properly regarding the risks and benefits of adjuvant therapy.
Gaps analysis for CD metrology beyond the 22nm node (2013)

This paper will examine the future for critical dimension (CD) metrology. First, we will present the extensive list of applications for which CD metrology solutions are needed, showing commonalities and differences among the various applications. We will then report on the expected technical limits of the metrology solutions currently being investigated by SEMATECH and others in the industry to address the metrology challenges of future nodes, including conventional CD scanning electron microscopy (CD-SEM) and optical critical dimension (OCD) metrology and new potential solutions such as He-ion microscopy (HeIM, sometimes elsewhere referred to as HIM), CD atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM), CD small-angle x-ray scattering (CD-SAXS), high-voltage scanning electron microscopy (HV-SEM), and other types. A technical gap analysis matrix will then be demonstrated, showing the current state of understanding of the future of the CD metrology space.
Synthesis of Polyfluorene-Polytriarylamine Block Copolymer with Emitting Part at Junction Point for Light Emitting Applications (2013)

A block copolymer consisting of polyfluorene (PF) and polytriarylamine (PTAA) functionalized with green emitting phenoxazine moiety at the junction point of two blocks was designed and prepared for electroluminescent application. PF homopolymer was synthesized by Suzuki coupling polymerization, and was reacted with brominated phenoxazine. In the presence of the resulting PF functionalized with phenoxazine, C-N coupling polymerization of 4-(4’-bromophenyl)-4’’-butyldiphenylamine was carried out to afford a triblock copolymer, PTAA-phenoxazine-PF-phenoxazine-PTAA (PF-Ph-PTAA). Two types of random copolymers were also synthesized with fluorene and phenoxazine (PF2) by Suzuki coupling polymerization for comparison. All the polymers were soluble in common organic solvents and readily formed thin films by a solution processing. Prepared polymers exhibited similar UV absorption and PL emission in chloroform solutions. In a film state, the existence of phenoxazine unit drastically changed PL spectra. Although the content of phenoxazine unit in PF-Ph-PTAA was relatively high (13 mol%), it showed similar PL spectrum to that of PF2(phenoxazine content, 0.2 mol%) indicating that phenoxazine unit is isolated in single polymer chain nevertheless the high content. EL device based on PF-Ph-PTAA showed green-emission, suggesting that emission sites predominantly located in the vicinity of phenoxazine moiety because of its shallow HOMO level.
Sugar epoxides (1959)

F. H. Newth, Q. Rev. Chem. Soc., 1959, 13, 30 DOI: 10.1039/QR9591300030
Atypical symptomatology in Babesia canis infection (1951)

When one considers the extensive literature on the subject of this disease it is indeed surprising that there are so few references to atypical symptomatology. These references are reviewed here, and include cases manifested by ocular, respiratory, digestive, nervous and rheumatic symptoms. After a critical statement on the criteria of diagnosis used by the present authors, cases that have occurred in the Onderstepoort small animal clinic are descriptionbed according to the systems mainly involved, Respiratory symptoms include dyspnoea simulating pneumonia and anything from simple catarrhs to severe respiratory symptoms. Apparently for the first time symptoms are descriptionbed involving the circulatory system and include ascites, oedemas in various sites, and purpuras,
The Dynamics and Driving Force of Farmland Ecosystem Productivity (2005)

Based on the experimental data of crop yield, soil water and fertility of a dryland farming ecosystem in northwest China, a systematic analysis is carried out to study the dynamics of dryland farming ecosystem productivity and its limiting factors. This paper also discusses which of the two limiting factors, i.e., soil water or fertility, is the primary factor and their dynamics. The result shows that fertility is the primary limiting factor when the productivity is rather low. As chemical fertilizer input increases and the productivity promotes, water gradually becomes the primary limiting factor. Chemical fertilizers and plastic film mulching are the two major driving forces that determine the crop productivity and its stability in these areas.
A new application of adaptive noise cancellation (1986)

A new application of Widrow's adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) is presented in this paper. Specifically, the method is applied to the case where an acoustic barrier exists between the primary and reference microphones. By updating the coefficients of the noise estimation filter only during silence, it is shown that ANC can provide substantial noise reduction with little speech distortion even when the acoustic barrier provides only moderate attenuation of acoustic signals. The use of the modified ANC method is evaluated using an oxygen facemask worn by fighter aircraft pilots. Experiments demonstrate that if a noise field is created using a single source, 11 dB signal-to-noise ratio improvements can be achieved by attaching a reference microphone to the exterior of the facemask. The length of the ANC filter required for this particular environment is only 50 points.
Coordinated Universal Time with Smoothed Leap Seconds (UTC-SLS) (2006)

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the international standard
timescale used in many Internet protocols. UTC features occasional
single-second adjustments, known as These happen at
the end of announced UTC days, in the form of either an extra second
23:59:60 or a missing second 23:59:59. Both events need special
consideration in UTC-synchronized systems that represent time as a
scalar value. This specification defines UTC-SLS, a minor variation of
UTC that lacks leap seconds. Instead, UTC-SLS performs an equivalent
smooth adjustment, during which the rate of the clock temporarily
changes by 0.1% for 1000 seconds. UTC-SLS is a drop-in replacement for
UTC. UTC-SLS can be generated from the same information as UTC. It can
be used with any specification that refers to UTC but lacks provisions
for leap seconds. UTC-SLS provides a robust and interoperable way for
networked UTC- synchronized clocks to handle leap seconds. By
providing UTC-SLS instead of UTC to applications, operating systems
can free most application and protocol designers from any need to even
know about UTC leap seconds.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual‐Action Cephalosporins: Cephalosporin 3′‐Quinolone Carbamates. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Speedy bus mastering PCI express (2012)

PCI Express is a ubiquitous bus interface providing the highest bandwidth connection in the PC platform. Sadly, support for it in FPGAs is limited and/or expensive. The Speedy PCIe core addresses this problem by bridging the gap from the bare bones interface to a user friendly, high performance design. This paper describes some of the fundamental design challenges and how they were addressed as well as giving detailed results. The hardware and software source code are available for free download from [12].
Estrogen receptor quantitation and staging as complementary prognostic indicators in breast cancer: A study of 583 patients (1981)

Abstract Estrogen receptor (ER) quantity was measured at the time of primary diagnosis on 583 patients with breast cancer seen at the major treatment centre in British Columbia between 1975 and 1979. Survival rates (overall, recurrence‐free and post‐recurrence) were assessed relative to ER concentration, staging, menopausal status, age, differentiation, and therapy. A linear trend in increased survival was demonstrable through variations in ER concentration from ⩽1 to ⩾260 fmoles/mg cytosol protein. This trend was highly significant and remained after adjustment for stage, menopausal status, and age, and was seen for all groups of patients except those with metastatic disease. The association of high ER concentration with increased recurrence‐free survival was not due to differing responses to adjuvant therapy, but the trend in post‐recurrence survival was only significant in patients who had received hormonal therapy. Survival was as strongly associated with receptor concentration as with staging, and these two factors were almost completely independent. A proportional hazards model was fitted to produce predictions of survival, and showed that TNM stage III patients with high ER concentrations have a better survival than stage I or II patients with lower ER concentrations. This suggests that quantitative assessment of ER status is essential to definition of risk in breast cancer patients and that stratification in clinical trials and consideration for adjuvant therapy ought to be guided, in part, by a standardized ER‐quantitative determination performed on the primary tumor.
Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis from Chemically Exfoliated Metallic MoS<sub>2</sub> Nanosheets (2013)

Promising catalytic activity from molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is attributed to active sites located along the edges of its two-dimensional layered crystal structure, but its performance is currently limited by the density and reactivity of active sites, poor electrical transport, and inefficient electrical contact to the catalyst. Here we report dramatically enhanced HER catalysis (an electrocatalytic current density of 10 mA/cm(2) at a low overpotential of -187 mV vs RHE and a Tafel slope of 43 mV/decade) from metallic nanosheets of 1T-MoS2 chemically exfoliated via lithium intercalation from semiconducting 2H-MoS2 nanostructures grown directly on graphite. Structural characterization and electrochemical studies confirmed that the nanosheets of the metallic MoS2 polymorph exhibit facile electrode kinetics and low-loss electrical transport and possess a proliferated density of catalytic active sites. These distinct and previously unexploited features of 1T-MoS2 make these metallic nanosheets a highly competitive earth-abundant HER catalyst.
Protective Effects of Human Milk in Experimental Staphylococcus Infection (1962)

Mice were given human milk and sublethal doses of virulent Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneously on 7 to 14 consecutive days. When mice of this group and mice of control groups were later challenged through intraperitoneal injection of a lethal dose of the same Staphylococcus aureus, the death rate for the experimental group was found to be much lower than the death rate for the controls.
ELIMINATION OF DISTURBING EFFECT CAUSED BY SULPHUR DIOXIDE FOR SULPHUR DETERMINATION IN WINES BY ICP-OES (2001)

For wine samples and other acidic sulphite solutions it was found that sulphur determination by means of ICP-OES technique had a positive error. The elimination of the problem succeded by converting the physically dissolved SO2 with an alkali to ionic S(IV) forms, oxidizing S(IV) with iodine to S(VI) or binding free SO2 with formaldehyde. The methods developed are suitable for serial tests and their accuracy meets the practical requirements.
Chemistry of Ketal Resist System and Its Lithographic Performance (1998)

Since the introduction of chemically amplified resist systems to DUV technology, the environmental stability and bake latitudes have been the major concern of this type of chemistry. Ketal resist systems have been very robust towards these issues. The methoxypropene protected polyhydroxystyrene resist is our first initial work on ketal system. This resist, after optimization, has 0 nm /°C PEB sensitivity; no environmental concern; minimal slimming; 0.263N TMAH developer compatible and 5-6 months storage shelf life at room temperature. This paper will discuss its chemistry and its lithographic performance.
The Bluetooth Radio Ball Interface (BRBI): A Wireless Interface for Music/Sound Control And Motion Sonification (2006)

The Bluetooth Radio Ball Interface (BRBI) is a wireless interface for motion tracking and sonification. The device is embedded in a palm sized foam ball. A 3-dimensional sensor with a Bluetooth module seated in the center of the ball transmits acceleration/tilt measurement data to a computer. Data is then converted into Open Sound Control messages for use with other applications. This paper presents the design concept and implementation of BRBI. Details of its hardware and data handling software are also discussed. Applications include gesture control in music performance as well as sonification of athletics.
A Novel Object Recognition Method for Mobile Robot Localizing a Single Odor/Gas Source in Complex Environments (2008)

An improved single odor/gas source searching approach using a mobile robot by combining image recognition in complex environments is presented. First, color image segmentation of prospective visual candidates is achieved using support vector machines (SVM). Second, the features of those candidates, such as color, shape and orientation (the posture of the object) are extracted. Third, the robot finds a salient object according to the characteristics of analysis areas. Last, the robot moves towards the object which is the most likely to be an odor/gas source. The robot moves upwind if gas concentration is detected. Otherwise, the robot moves along the new direction obtained from the further analysis. Experimental results show the efficiency and practicality of the approach for localizing a leaking ethanol bottle in complex indoor environments.
Nanostructured Solar Cells (2008)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. McGehee, "Nanostructured Solar Cells," in Solar Energy: New Materials and Nanostructured Devices for High Efficiency, (Optica Publishing Group, 2008), paper SWA1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A donor–acceptor–acceptor molecule for vacuum-processed organic solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 6.4% (2011)

A D-A-A-type molecular donor (DTDCTP) featuring electron-accepting pyrimidine and dicyanovinylene blocks has been synthesized for vacuum-deposited planar-mixed heterojunction solar cells with C(70) as the acceptor, giving a power conversion efficiency as high as 6.4%.
Hybrids to fill holes in material property space (2005)

Hybrid materials are combinations of two or more materials assembled in such a way as to have attributes not offered by either one alone. Particulate and fibrous composites are examples of one type of hybrid, but there are many others: sandwich structures, foams, lattice structures, segmented structures and more. Here we explore ways of designing hybrid materials, emphasizing the choice of configuration, components, and their shape and their scale. The new variables expand design space, allowing the creation of new ‘materials’ with specific property profiles.
MTT Colorimetric Assay Detects Mitogen Responses of Spleen but not Blood Lymphocytes (1990)

In an effort to simplify methods for assessing mitogen stimulation of blood lymphocytes, the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) colorimetric assay was compared with the conventional tritiated thymidine deoxyriboside (3H-TdR) incorporation assay. Although able to detect mitogen responses by mouse and rat spleen cells, the MTT assay did not reliably measure blood mononuclear cell responses in mouse, rat or man. The 3H-TdR incorporation assay was effective in every case. Modifications of the MTT assay procedure did not rectify this disparity, which was caused in part by high MTT optical density readings by unstimulated cells. The inability of the MTT assay to detect mitogen responses by blood cells seems to reflect a species-independent physiologic property of these cells.
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Regulatory Protein ICP22 Interacts with a New Cell Cycle-Regulated Factor and Accumulates in a Cell Cycle-Dependent Fashion in Infected Cells (1998)

The herpes simplex virus 1 infected cell protein 22 (ICP22), the product of the alpha22 gene, is a nucleotidylylated and phosphorylated nuclear protein with properties of a transcriptional factor required for the expression of a subset of viral genes. Here, we report the following. (i) ICP22 interacts with a previously unknown cellular factor designated p78 in the yeast two-hybrid system. The p78 cDNA encodes a polypeptide with a distribution of leucines reminiscent of a leucine zipper. (ii) In uninfected and infected cells, antibody to p78 reacts with two major bands with an apparent Mr of 78,000 and two minor bands with apparent Mrs of 62, 000 and 55,000. (ii) p78 also interacts with ICP22 in vitro. (iii) In uninfected cells, p78 was dispersed largely in the nucleoplasm in HeLa cells and in the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm in HEp-2 cells. After infection, p78 formed large dense bodies which did not colocalize with the viral regulatory protein ICP0. (iv) Accumulation of p78 was cell cycle dependent, being highest very early in S phase. (v) The accumulation of ICP22 in synchronized cells was highest in early S phase, in contrast to the accumulation of another protein, ICP27, which was relatively independent of the cell cycle. (vi) In the course of the cell cycle, ICP22 was transiently modified in an aberrant fashion, and this modification coincided with expression of p78. The results suggest that ICP22 interacts with and may be stabilized by cell cycle-dependent proteins.
The crystal structure of Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (1961)

The crystal structure of Na2Ti30 ~ has been determined, using single-crystal methods. The space group is P21/m, with the unit-cell dimensions a=8.571, b=3.804, c=9.135 _~, fl=101.57 .
Double Markov random fields and Bayesian image segmentation (2002)

Markov random fields are used extensively in model-based approaches to image segmentation and, under the Bayesian paradigm, are implemented through Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We describe a class of such models (the double Markov random field) for images composed of several textures, which we consider to be the natural hierarchical model for such a task. We show how several of the Bayesian approaches in the literature can be viewed as modifications of this model, made in order to make MCMC implementation possible. From a simulation study, conclusions are made concerning the performance of these modified models.