gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trustworthy Traffic Information Sharing Secured via Blockchain in VANETs (2020)

The extensive use of vehicles, especially with the emergency of autonomous driving, urges the improvement of traffic safety. Prevalent approaches, such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Internet of Things (IoT) system and Artificial Intelligence (AI), have demonstrated their strength in preventing road accidents, with the support of trustworthy data. However, in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), data transmission and storage are unreliable due to various constraints such as limited physical resource and unsteady topology. Distributed schemes are widely applied in VANETs to enforce multifold protection on vehicular data. In particular, Blockchain has become a promising approach, as it implements the real-sense distributed solution with consensus algorithm and distributed ledger. To this end, we propose a novel system in this paper, which employs Blockchain technology to consolidate the traffic information sharing in VANETs and holds profound significance for intelligent applications. Our system focuses on sharing real-time visual traffic information at the frame level via Blockchain in VANETs. Integrity verification of frames based on their sequences and timestamps is imposed prior to the consensus in Blockchain, coupled with digital watermarking to protect the multimedia traffic data. Improved efficiency and reliability of sharing are achieved by the system dynamically adjusting transaction volume in terms of the frame type and number. With the fault tolerance and immutability of Blockchain, our proposal can solidly protect the traffic information sharing against vandalization in VANETs, and confidently escort the traffic with trustworthy safety guidance.
Integrative Genomic Analysis of Medulloblastoma Identifies a Molecular Subgroup That Drives Poor Clinical Outcome (2010)

Our results detail the complex genomic heterogeneity of medulloblastomas and identify a previously unrecognized molecular subgroup with poor clinical outcome for which more effective therapeutic strategies should be developed.
A novel approach for execution of distributed tasks on mobile ad hoc networks (2003)

A novel distributed approach for executing distributed tasks on mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is presented. A distributed application is represented as a complex task comprised of simpler sub-tasks that need to be performed on different categories of computing devices with specialized roles. The dependencies induced by logical patterns of data flow between these specialized devices which are responsible for performing the aforementioned sub-tasks, yield a task graph representation for a given application. We present a simple and efficient distributed algorithm for dynamic discovery and selection of suitable devices in a MANET from among a number of them providing the same functionality. We refer to this process as instantiation which is carried out with respect to the proposed task graph representation of the application. We also present a distributed algorithm for detecting disruptions in application execution that can occur due to device mobility. The algorithm then recovers quickly from the situation by re-instantiating affected parts of the task graph, if possible. Finally, we propose metrics for evaluating the performance of these algorithms and report simulation results for a variety of application scenarios.
Inhibition of NMDA-induced currents by conantokin-G and conantokin-T in cultured embryonic murine hippocampal neurons (1999)

Conantokin-G (con-G) and conantokin-T (con-T) are small (17 and 21 amino acids, respectively) gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla) containing peptides derived from the venoms of marine cone snails that are potent and selective inhibitors of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. In this study, the effects of con-G and con-T on NMDA-evoked responses were evaluated in mouse primary hippocampal neuronal cultures using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Under equilibrium conditions, NMDA-induced currents were inhibited by con-G and con-T (10 nM-100 microM) in a dose-dependent manner while maintaining a holding potential of -70 mV. In the presence of saturating amounts of NMDA (100 microM) and glycine (1 microM), the IC50 values obtained were 487 +/- 85 nM for con-G and 1030 +/- 130 nM for con-T. NMDA (10 microM-1 mM) dose-response curves produced in the presence of con-G or con-T (1 or 3 microM) resulted in a downward shift of the current response at saturation with NMDA, without affecting the EC50. The maximum response obtainable in the absence of peptide could not be achieved by increasing concentrations of NMDA. The same effect was also observed for conantokin inhibition of spermine-potentiated responses. Association rate constants (k(on)) for the peptides were determined in the presence of NMDA and glycine, with and without the addition of spermine. Using a single binding site bimolecular model, k(on) values were 3.1 +/- 0.2 x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1) for con-G and 3.2 +/- 0.1 x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1) for con-T in the absence of spermine. The added presence of a saturating amount of spermine (300 microM) resulted in an approximate 60% increase in the k(on) values for both con-G and con-T. These results demonstrate that con-T and con-G inhibit NMDA-evoked currents, as well as the potentiation by spermine, in what appears to be a noncompetitive manner, and that spermine increases the rate of conantokin inhibition.
The Testis-Enriched Histone Demethylase, KDM4D, Regulates Methylation of Histone H3 Lysine 9 During Spermatogenesis in the Mouse but Is Dispensable for Fertility1 (2011)

Epigenetic modifications, and methylation of histones in particular, dynamically change during spermatogenesis. Among various methylations of histone H3, methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and its regulation are essential for spermatogenesis. Trimethytransferases as well as dimethyltransferase are required for meiotic progression. In addition, didemethylase of H3K9 is also critical for spermatogenesis through transcriptional regulation of spermatid-specific genes. However, the requirement for demethylation of trimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me3) during spermatogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here, we report the targeted disruption of KDM4D, a testis-enriched tridemethylase of H3K9. Kdm4d-null mice are viable and fertile and do not show any obvious phenotype. However, H3K9me3 accumulates significantly in Kdm4d-null round spermatids, and the distribution of methylated H3K9 in germ cells is dramatically changed. Nevertheless, the progression of spermatogenesis and the number of spermatozoa are normal, likely secondary to the earlier nuclear localization of another H3K9 tridemethylase, KDM4B, in Kdm4d-null elongating spermatids. These results suggest that demethylation of H3K9me3 in round spermatids is dispensable for spermatogenesis but that possible defects in Kdm4d-null elongating spermatids could be rescued by functional redundancy of the KDM4B demethylase.
Cloning, sequencing and expression of the genes encoding the sodium translocating <i>N</i><sup>5</sup>‐methyltetrahydromethanopterin:coenzyme M methyltransferase of the methylotrophic archaeon <i>Methanosarcina mazei</i> Gö1 (1998)

The N5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin:coenzyme M methyltransferase of Methanosarcina mazei Gö1 is a membrane-associated, corrinoid-containing protein that uses a transmethylation reaction to drive an energy-conserving sodium ion pump. The eight open reading frames encoding the eight different subunits of the methyltransferase were identified and sequenced. All of these subunits are shown to be heterologously expressed in minicells of the Escherichia coli mutant DK6. Sequence comparisons with the methyltransferases of thermophilic and hypothermophilic methanogenic archaea are presented. The participation of the gene product of mtrD in sodium ion translocation as well as a consensus sequence of a corrinoid binding motif in MtrA are discussed.
Very high frequency CMOS OTA-C quadrature oscillators (2002)

An approach to the design of high-frequency monolithic voltage-controlled oscillators using operational transconductance amplifiers and capacitors is given. Results from two 3 mu m CMOS prototypes are presented. Both frequency and amplitude of the oscillations can be tuned by means of control voltages. Programmable oscillator frequencies up to 56.1 MHz are obtained, and the amplitudes are adjustable between 1 V peak-to-peak and 100 mV peak-to-peak. Total harmonic distortions from 2.8% down to 0.2% were experimentally measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fast diagonal recurrent neural networks for indentification and control of non-linear systems (1994)

In this paper we apply recurrent neural networks (RNN) to the identification and control of nonlinear systems. The RNN are used to model unknown nonlinear functions of the system. We consider specific structures of RNN in which the hidden layer is composed of self-recurrent neurones, each feedbacking its output only into itself. We also consider for this class of RNN a fast learning algorithm derived through minimisation of a generalised criterion, which gives rise to new control schemes. We then define the identification and control tasks and detail the underlying structural assumptions that are required in order to develop the partially connected recurrent neural networks adaptive control systems. We present the learning scheme and discuss the form and properties of the resulting algorithms and the convergence speed of the control algorithm.<
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Performance of a hydraulic air compressor for use in compressed air energy storage power systems (1978)

A fluid mechanical analysis of a hydraulic air compression system for Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) application is presented. With this compression concept, air is charged into an underground reservoir, for later use in power generation, by entraining bubbles into a downward flow of water from a surface reservoir. Upon releasing the air in the underground reservoir, the water is pumped back to the surface. The analytical model delineated is used to predict the hydraulic compressor performance characteristics (pumping power, pump head, compression efficiency) as a function of water flow rate and system geometrical parameters. The results indicate that, although large water pumps are needed, efficiencies as high as 90% (relative to ideal isothermal compression) can be expected. This should result in lower compression power than for conventional compressor systems, while eliminating the need for the usual intercoolers and aftercooler.
Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 isolates more tolerant of heat, acid, or hydrogen peroxide also survive longer on surfaces (1995)

In a comparative study of different Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 isolates we found that those isolates with enhanced heat tolerance also survived better than isolates that were heat sensitive either at pH 2.6, in 10 mM H2O2, or on surfaces. Culture to the stationary phase increased the heat tolerance of all isolates and the acid and H2O2 tolerance of heat-tolerant isolates. With heat-sensitive isolates, however, extended culture had no impact on survival in H2O2 and only a marginal impact on acid tolerance. The growth phase had no appreciable impact on the surface survival of any of the isolates.
Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling Elucidates the Role of Proliferative Adaptation in Causing the Warburg Effect (2011)

The Warburg effect--a classical hallmark of cancer metabolism--is a counter-intuitive phenomenon in which rapidly proliferating cancer cells resort to inefficient ATP production via glycolysis leading to lactate secretion, instead of relying primarily on more efficient energy production through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, as most normal cells do. The causes for the Warburg effect have remained a subject of considerable controversy since its discovery over 80 years ago, with several competing hypotheses. Here, utilizing a genome-scale human metabolic network model accounting for stoichiometric and enzyme solvent capacity considerations, we show that the Warburg effect is a direct consequence of the metabolic adaptation of cancer cells to increase biomass production rate. The analysis is shown to accurately capture a three phase metabolic behavior that is observed experimentally during oncogenic progression, as well as a prominent characteristic of cancer cells involving their preference for glutamine uptake over other amino acids.
Quantitative analysis of human chromosome segregation in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids (1976)

The presumed random and independent process of human chromosome segregation in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids was studied. The results of chromosome analysis on 196 cells from 15 related hybrid strains have provided the first convincing evidence that segregation of human chromosomes can be nonindependent and often concordant. Different human chromosomes were not retained with equal frequency in these hybrid clones. Some were present in 80% of all the cells, whereas others appeared in less than 10% of the same cells. Linear regression analysis was used to test for correlation of the frequencies of all pair-wise combinations of human chromosomes present in these hybrid clones. Twenty-two of 136 possible correlations were statistically significant, indicating that concordant segregation of particular pairs of human chromosomes is a rather frequent occurrence.
Chemotherapeutic approaches to soft tissue sarcomas (1994)

Conventional chemotherapy for adult type soft tissue sarcomas is not very effective. Rarely are patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas curable by systemic chemotherapy. Thus, the benefits from chemotherapy have been equivocal even when treatment is given postoperatively to patients whose primary sarcomas have been excised. Current research is directed toward the achievement of a high percentage of complete tumor regressions in patients with advanced metastatic disease in hope that this can be translated into truly effective adjuvant therapy. Several recent new approaches to systemic treatment for soft tissue sarcomas are assessed including prospects for possible enhancement of chemotherapy by agents which stimulate cellular immunity. Some unexpectedly favorable responses to chemotherapy+granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in an ongoing study are discussed.
Stabilization of rhodium(I)- and iridium(I)-alkyl bonds by intramolecular coordination of an iminophosphorane. X-ray crystal structure of [Rh(CH2PPh2:NC6H4CH3-4)(COD)] (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStabilization of rhodium(I)- and iridium(I)-alkyl bonds by intramolecular coordination of an iminophosphorane. X-ray crystal structure of [Rh(CH2PPh2:NC6H4CH3-4)(COD)]Pieter Imhoff, Sylvia C. A. Nefkens, Cornelis Elsevier, Kees Goubitz, and Caspar H. StamCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 5, 1421–1431Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00051a038https://doi.org/10.1021/om00051a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
How the Anatase-to-Rutile Ratio Influences the Photoreactivity of TiO<sub>2</sub> (2011)

In 1991, Bickley et al. proposed a synergetic effect between anatase and rutile in Degussa P25. Since then, there has been an intensive debate about the correctness of this proposal, the origin of the synergism, and the right polymorph composition. However, a comparison of pure titanium dioxide samples with various anatase-to-rutile ratios, but otherwise identical properties, is missing. In this paper, we report about a series of utterly pure, highly porous titanium dioxide films with identical grain sizes, surface areas, and crystallinity, but varying polymorph compositions. Photocatalytic oxidation of methylene blue was utilized to investigate the influence of the anatase-to-rutile ratio on the photoreactivity. We clearly observe the synergetic effect within a well-defined range of anatase-to-rutile ratios. A film with ∼60% anatase and ∼40% rutile exhibits optimal performance at a 50% improved activity compared with pure anatase.
“Stemness” Genomics Law Governs Clinical Behavior of Human Cancer: Implications for Decision Making in Disease Management (2008)

One of the most significant accomplishments of translational oncogenomics is a realistic promise of efficient diagnostic tests that would facilitate implementation of the concept of individualized cancer therapies. Recent discovery of the BMI1 pathway rule indicates that gene expression signatures (GESs) associated with the "stemness" state of a cell might be informative as molecular predictors of cancer therapy outcome. We illustrate a potential clinical utility of this concept using GESs derived from genomic analysis of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) during transition from self-renewing, pluripotent state to differentiated phenotypes. Signatures of multiple stemness pathways (signatures of BMI1, Nanog/Sox2/Oct4, EED, and Suz12 pathways; transposon exclusion zones and ESC pattern 3 signatures; signatures of Polycomb-bound and bivalent chromatin domain transcription factors) seem informative in stratification of cancer patients into low- and high-intensity treatment groups on the basis of prediction of the long-term therapy outcome. A stemness cancer therapy outcome predictor (CTOP) algorithm combining scores of nine stemness signatures outperforms individual signatures and demonstrates a superior prognostic accuracy in retrospective supervised analysis of large cohorts of breast, prostate, lung, and ovarian cancer patients. Our analysis suggests that stemness genomics law governs clinical behavior of human malignancies and defines epigenetic boundaries of therapy-resistant and -sensitive tumors within distinct stemness/differentiation programs. One of the main conclusions of our analysis is that near-term progress in practical implementation of the concept of personalized cancer therapies would depend on timely delivery to practicing physicians of relevant scientific information regarding the outcome of prospective trials validating prognostic performance of CTOP tests in a clinical setting.
Reactions involving fluoride ion. Part 31. Co-oligomers of perfluoro-1-methyl-1,3-diazacyclopent-2- and -3-ene (1985)

The fluoride ion-induced co-oligomerisations of perfluoro-1-methyl-1,3-diazacyclopent-2-and -3-ene (1) with hexafluoropropene and perfluoro-cyclobutene, -cyclopentene, and -cyclohexene are reported. Comparisons are made between these reactions of nitrogen anions and the corresponding chemistry of fluorinated carbanions.
Centromeric DNA Facilitates Nonconventional Yeast Genetic Engineering (2017)

Many nonconventional yeast species have highly desirable features that are not possessed by model yeasts, despite that significant technology hurdles to effectively manipulate them lay in front. Scheffersomyces stipitis is one of the most important exemplary nonconventional yeasts in biorenewables industry, which has a high native xylose utilization capacity. Recent study suggested its much better potential than Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a well-suited microbial biomanufacturing platform for producing high-value compounds derived from shikimate pathway, many of which are associated with potent nutraceutical or pharmaceutical properties. However, the broad application of S. stipitis is hampered by the lack of stable episomal expression platforms and precise genome-editing tools. Here we report the success in pinpointing the centromeric DNA as the partitioning element to guarantee stable extra-chromosomal DNA segregation. The identified centromeric sequence not only stabilized episomal plasmid, enabled homogeneous gene expression, increased the titer of a commercially relevant compound by 3-fold, and also dramatically increased gene knockout efficiency from <1% to more than 80% with the expression of CRISPR components on the new stable plasmid. This study elucidated that establishment of a stable minichromosome-like expression platform is key to achieving functional modifications of nonconventional yeast species in order to expand the current collection of microbial factories.
Radioisotope detection and identification at high speeds using passive sensors (2005)

A network of radiation sensors for the protection of a military base against radiological/nuclear threats has been integrated in a testbed. Two key subsystems of this network are the array of sensitive radiation detectors and the subsystem for notifying the operators of radiation events. The alarm/alert notification subsystem automatically issues notifications to the command post in real-time. The resulting reporting to the command post appears to be adequate for non-technical operational personnel. The CONOPS for the protection system relies on the sensitive detection and identification of all radioactive sources well before the transporting vehicles reach the base gates. This is a unique feature of this protection system. Discriminating sodium-iodide detectors, in conjunction with plastic scintillators and neutron detectors comprise a high-performance detection subsystem. The use of various correlation techniques has permitted the demonstration of the detection of source strengths of tens of μCi moving at highway speeds and at several meters separation. A companion algorithm identifies the detected radioisotope when sufficient counts are available.
Atezolizumab and Nab-Paclitaxel in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2018)

Atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel prolonged progression-free survival among patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer in both the intention-to-treat population and the PD-L1-positive subgroup. Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profiles of each agent. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech; IMpassion130 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02425891 .).