gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical molecular imaging approach for rapid assessment of response of individual cancer cells to chemotherapy (2012)

Predicting the response of individual patients to cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs is critical for developing individualized therapies. With this motivation, an optical molecular imaging approach was developed to detect cisplatin induced changes in the uptake and intracellular retention of choline. Intracellular uptake of choline was characterized using a click chemistry reaction between propargyl choline and Alexa-488 azide. Cisplatin induced changes in the uptake of propargyl choline in cells and tumor spheroids were compared with similar measurements using a fluorescent analogue of deoxyglucose and conventional cell viability assays. Uptake and intracellular retention of propargyl choline decreased with an increase in concentration of cisplatin. Intracellular uptake of propargyl choline was significantly reduced within 3 h of incubation with a sub-lethal dose of cisplatin. Results demonstrate that the imaging approach based on propargyl choline was more sensitive in detecting the early response of cancer cells to cisplatin as compared to the imaging based on fluorescent analogue of deoxyglucose and cell viability assays. Imaging measurements in tumor spheroids show a significant decrease in the uptake of propargyl choline following treatment with cisplatin. Overall, the results demonstrate a novel optical molecular imaging approach for rapid measurement of the response of individual cancer cells to cisplatin treatment.
A 4b × 4b multiplier and 3b counter in Josephson threshold logic (1986)

This Paper will report on the development of a 4×4b parallel multiplier with a carry-to-carry delay time of 279ps and a 3b binary counter operating at 2.2 GHz implemented in Josephson junction technology.
Trends in megabit DRAM circuit design (2003)

The state of the art in megabit dynamic RAM (DRAM) circuit and chip design is reviewed in terms of essential design parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), power dissipation, speed and power supply standardization. On the basis of this discussion, some possibilities for capacities greater than 16 Mb are presented, stressing the role of BiCMOS technology. It is shown how S/N ratio, power dissipation and speed are closely related to continued DRAM progress. From the DRAM trends, it is predicted that the current DRAM technology might be diversified to both large-memory-capacity-oriented technology and to high-speed-oriented technology, posing power supply standardization as a continuing serious concern.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Lie Algebraic Approach for Consistent Pose Registration for General Euclidean Motion (2006)

We study the problem of registering local relative pose estimates to produce a global consistent trajectory of a moving robot. Traditionally, this problem has been studied with a flat world assumption wherein the robot motion has only three degrees of freedom. In this paper, we generalize this for the full six-degrees-of-freedom Euclidean motion. Given relative pose estimates and their covariances, our formulation uses the underlying Lie algebra of the Euclidean motion to compute the absolute poses. Ours is an iterative algorithm that minimizes the sum of Mahalanobis distances by linearizing around the current estimate at each iteration. Our algorithm is fast, does not depend on a good initialization, and can be applied to large sequences in complex outdoor terrains. It can also be applied to fuse uncertain pose information from different available sources including GPS, LADAR, wheel encoders and vision sensing to obtain more accurate odometry. Experimental results using both simulated and real data support our claim
Novel Asymmetric Through-Hole Array Microfabricated on a Silicon Plate for Formulating Monodisperse Emulsions (2005)

We have proposed a novel microchannel (MC) structure for formulating monodisperse emulsions. The emulsification device is a silicon array of microfabricated, asymmetric through-holes with a slit and a circular channel (an asymmetric straight-through MC). The asymmetric through-holes of a uniform size stably yielded monodisperse emulsions with average droplet diameters of 35-41 mum and coefficients of variation of less than 2% by forcing the to-be-dispersed phase into the continuous phase via the through-holes. Their asymmetry enabled the stable formation of monodisperse emulsion droplets by spontaneous transformation, even using a to-be-dispersed phase with a very low viscosity below 1 mPa s. Additionally, the asymmetric straight-through MC with a high-density through-hole layout has the potential for high-throughput formulation of monodisperse emulsions.
A series of donor-acceptor molecules of the form NH2(C6H4)(C.tplbond.C)n(C6H4)NO2. Unusual effects of varying n (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA series of donor-acceptor molecules of the form NH2(C6H4)(C.tplbond.C)n(C6H4)NO2. Unusual effects of varying nA. E. Stiegman, Vincent M. Miskowski, Joseph W. Perry, and Daniel R. CoulterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 19, 5884–5886Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00253a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00253a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A whole genome association analysis identifies loci associated with <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> infection status in US holstein cattle (2009)

The purpose of this study was to identify loci associated with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) infection status in US Holsteins using the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay. Two hundred forty-five cows from dairies in New York, Pennsylvania and Vermont enrolled in longitudinal herd studies between January 1999 and November 2007 were assessed for the presence of Map in both faecal and tissue samples. An animal was considered tissue infected if any sample contained at least one colony forming unit of Map per gram of tissue (CFU/g) and the same definition was employed for faecal samples. Each animal was genotyped with the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip and after quality assurance filtering, 218 animals and 45 683 SNPs remained. We sought to identify loci associated with four different case/control classifications: presence of Map in the tissue, presence of Map in faeces, presence of Map in both tissue and faeces and presence of Map in tissue but not faeces. A case-control genome wide association study was conducted to test the four different classifications of Map infection status (cases) when compared with a Map-negative control group (control). Regions on chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 8, 16, 21 and 23 were identified with moderate significance (P < 5 x 10(-5)). Two regions, one on chromosome 3 (near EDN2) and another on chromosome 9 (no positional gene candidates), were identified with a high level of association to the presence of Map in tissue and both tissue and faeces respectively (P < 5 x 10(-7), genome-wide Bonferonni P < 0.05).
Application of Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Surface Roughness Measurement (2019)

Surface roughness is inherently a product of manufacturing process and is often undesirable. In surface metrology, the term â€œroughnessâ€ is typically applied to the highfrequency and short-wavelength parameters of a finished surface. In practical applications, the surface roughness is directly associated with the quality of the manufacturing. This study proposes the use of ultrasonic surface guided waves to characterize the surface roughness amplitude and frequency during the manufacturing process. Finite element modeling (FEM) of acoustic wave propagation along a rough surface has revealed that there is a cut-off threshold for Rayleigh wave propagation, which is indicative of the surface roughness description. This cut-off occurs for a particular ratio of the spatial surface waviness and the acoustic wavelength, and the detection of the resulting wave attenuation and decay characterizes the surface roughness. If such a measurement system can be used in-line with the production process then it could signal adjustment of the material deposition rate when needed to achieve the required product quality.
Effects of 1,2 5-Dihydroxy vitamin D<sub>3</sub>on Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells (1986)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] was examined for a possible stimulative effect on osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. During the early period of culture, 1,25-(OH)2D3 had a stimulative effect. During the growth phase, however, the steroid had little effect on either the protein or DNA content of the cultures. 1,25-(OH)2D3 increased bone-liver-kidney-type alkaline phosphatase activity in a dose-related manner up to a concentration of 5 pg/ml; the increase was 2.2-fold over the control value. Studies on the effect of actinomycin D or cycloheximide treatment indicated that the vitamin may enhance de novo synthesis of ALP. The steroid also stimulated type I collagen production dose dependently via an increase in collagen synthesis rather than by inhibition of collagen degradation. MC3T3-E1 cells have a specific receptor for 1,25-(OH)2D3 which has a dissociation constant of 4.17 X 10(-11) M and a sedimentation coefficient of 3.67S. The receptor concentration varied with the period of culture, being higher during the growth phase and lower at confluence, but its affinity did not change. The results indicate that 1,25-(OH)2D3 has a direct specific anabolic effect on osteoblastic cells in vitro during the growth phase and that this effect is related to receptor concentration.
Evolution of mobile cellular communication systems. The journey to UMTS (2002)

By the year 2002, it is anticipated that 1 billion people will be generating over 50% of the revenues of mobile communication systems from the packet data exchanges, (Internet activities, fax, voice mail and mobile office applications). However the highest growth of the data transfer volume will be produced from the Internet access, for which the existing GSM access will not be able to support. Additionally the mobile networks will have to support real-time applications like voice and multimedia based on IP as currently available on the fixed networks. This growing demand for higher bandwidth and real-time data packet services will have to be the main basic requirements for 3/sup rd/ generation (3G) mobile networks. It is important that an evolutionary approach should be adopted in modifying GSM networks in steps in order to enable the provision of the new services required. The first step in the evolution is through the addition of a GPRS backbone network with the benefits of an IP based packet network and the potential of WAP protocols for developing Internet content browsing (cellphone microbrowsers). The follow up from GPRS will be achieved from GPRS but with a higher access speeds and new processing techniques. GSM can also evolve to a 3G using yet another route, wideband CDMA, which is reviewed. This paper attempts to put the pieces of this puzzle together and review, in the process, various proposals required to launch the family of new generation mobile systems namely: the air interface technology, the core network structure, the new services, new technologies on offer and challenges awaiting all concerned.
Thermodynamical stability of calcium borohydride<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2006)

We have prepared pure $\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{H}}_{4})}_{2}$ without any solvent adducts and determined its structural parameters by powder x-ray diffraction measurement. The crystal structure of $\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{H}}_{4})}_{2}$ is found to be orthorhombic with space group $Fddd$ (No. 70). Using this structural information, the first-principles calculations have been performed to investigate the fundamental properties of $\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{H}}_{4})}_{2}$. The interaction between Ca atoms and $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{H}}_{4}$ complexes has an ionic character while the internal bonding of $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{H}}_{4}$ is essentially covalent. It is confirmed that $\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{H}}_{4})}_{2}$ obeys the linear relationship between the heat of formation and the Pauling electronegativity of the cation, which has been proposed in a previous study [Nakamori et al., Phys. Rev. B 74, 045126 (2006)].
Road traffic monitoring using a wireless vehicle sensor network (2009)

With the advancement of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technologies, wireless sensor networks have opened new vistas for a wide range of application domains. These sensor nodes usually comprise small, low-power devices that integrate sensors and actuators with limited on-board processing and wireless communication capabilities. One of the most important applications is target tracking and monitoring. Here a novel wireless vehicle monitoring system that is able to detect, classify and determine the direction of travel of vehicles on a two-lane road is proposed. Each vehicle detection node features multiple sensors including magnetometer, accelerometer, infrared and acoustic microphone with a two-node structure for cooperative monitoring. The results show that the system was capable of classifying the vehicle type (using vehicle weight) and their directional of travel with high accuracy.
Adhesion of micrometer-sized polymer particles under a scanning electron microscope (2000)

Techniques for manipulating micrometer-sized objects and assembling them into a microstructure in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) are important for research related to microscale physics. It has been demonstrated that micro-objects ranging from sub-μm to several 10 μm can be freely manipulated by adhering them to the tip of a probe. However, the present micromanipulation technique in a SEM is still inefficient, because little is known about the adhesion mechanisms of micro-objects in a SEM environment. In this study, the adhesion forces of micrometer-sized polymer particles deposited on a substrate during SEM observation have been directly measured. The adhesion forces between a polyvinyltoluene sphere of 1 μm radius deposited on a Au substrate, and a glass probe with a hemispherical tip with a typical radius of 0.75 μm coated with Au, were found to show various complicated behaviors. An irreversible increase in the adhesion forces initiated by the electron-beam (EB) irradiation, and the dependence of the adhesion on the electron flux and the probe voltage were observed. On the other hand, the dependence on the pressing force and the probe diameter, predicted by a conventional theory, was not confirmed. This observed complicated phenomena were successfully explained using the model based on the formation of an electric double layer at the contact interface by the EB irradiation, and the successive progress of creep deformation.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Aliphatic Sulfides (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectrophotometric Determination of Aliphatic SulfidesS. H. HastingsCite this: Anal. Chem. 1953, 25, 3, 420–422Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60075a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60075a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Snapshot Isolation for Software Transactional Memory (2006)

Software transactional memory (STM) has been proposed to simplify the development and to increase the scalability of concurrent programs. One problem of existing STMs is that of having long-running read transactions co-exist with shorter update transactions. This problem is of practical importance and has so far not been addressed by other papers in this domain. We approach this problem by investigating the performance of a STM using snapshot isolation and a novel lazy multi-version snapshot algorithm to decrease the validation costs- which can increase quadratically with the number of objects read in STMs with invisible reads. Our measurements demonstrate that snapshot isolation can increase throughput for workloads with long transactions. In comparison to other STMs with invisible reads, we can reduce the validation costs by using our lazy consistent snapshot algorithm. 1.
Rejuvenation of Human Red Blood Cells During Liquid Storage (1974)

Blood in ACD was stored under blood banking conditions. At 21 days of storage, aliquots of blood were rejuvenated by incubation at 37 C for one hour, with a solution containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate, glucose, and adenine, at pH 7.2. The rejuvenated erythrocytes were washed with a solution of NaCl‐Na phosphate and resuspended in an artificial medium or in the freshly drawn plasma from the same donor. These suspensions were stored in liquid form and analyzed at predetermined intervals. The cellular ATP and 2,3‐DPG levels of rejuvenated cells were higher than those in the control cells and were maintained higher throughout the storage intervals investigated. The metabolic integrity of the rejuvenated cells was also improved, as evidenced by greater osmotic resistance, decreased spontaneous lysis, and greater uptake of methylene blue when compared to control cells.
Double-island single-electron devices. A useful unit device for single-electron logic LSI's (1999)

We fabricated a single-electron device that is useful as a unit device for single-electron logic circuits. The device is a three-current-terminal device fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer, which includes two Si islands whose electric potential can be controlled by gates. Sub-50-nm Si islands were integrated in an area smaller than 0.02 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ through self-aligned formation of the islands by pattern-dependent oxidation (PADOX) of a T-shaped wire. By PADOX, each island was embedded in one branch of the T-shaped wire. We show two electrical characteristics which demonstrate the usefulness of this device as a circuit element. First, current switching between two branches was performed at 30 K by using gate voltage to control the Coulomb blockade in each island. Second, a correlation between the two currents was observed because the two islands were integrated close to each other. The latter indicates a capacitive coupling between the islands, which opens up the possibility of one-by-one transfer of electrons in this device. These findings show that the proposed island-integration technique is applicable to making ultra-low-power and highly integrated single-electron circuits.
Reversible changes in the composition of the population of mtDNAs during dedifferentiation and regeneration in tobacco. (1994)

Differences in the composition of the population of mtDNAs between green plants and calli of tobacco were detected by DNA filter hybridization analysis. The altered composition of the population of mtDNAs observed in calli returned to the composition typical of green plants during the process of regeneration. Quantitative assays revealed that the changes were associated with the differentiation and dedifferentiation of cells since the extent of the change in composition depended on the degree of differentiation of a population of cells. The sequence that accumulated in dedifferentiated cells was shown to be a product of recombination mediated by a 9-nucleotide repeated element, one of which is located at the 5' region of atp6. Although the recombinant sequence was not detected by a hybridization procedure in green plants, its presence was identified by a more sensitive polymerase chain reaction method. The recombination event was shown to result in a deletion that prevents reverse recombination. Therefore, the reversion from the altered composition to the normal state of the population of mtDNAs during regeneration is explained not by recombination but by the preferential amplification of subgenomic mtDNA molecules.
Catalytic Deoxydehydration of Glycols with Alcohol Reductants (2013)

Top shelf dehydration: Ammonium perrhenate catalysts combined with benzylic alcohol reductants are used for the efficient deoxydehydration of glycols to olefins. The olefin and aldehyde products can be easily separated and isolated. It is also demonstrated that the catalyst can be recovered and reused because of its low solubility in aromatic solvents.
Mobile applications for open display networks (2013)

Mobile devices can be a powerful tool for interaction with public displays, but mobile applications supporting this form of interaction are not yet part of our everyday reality. There are no widely accepted abstractions, standards, or practices that may enable systematic interaction between mobile devices and public displays. We envision public displays to move away from a world of closed display networks to scenarios where mobile applications could allow people to interact with the myriad of displays they might encounter during their everyday trips. In this research, we study the key processes involved in this collaborative interaction between public shared displays and mobile applications. Based on the lessons learned from our own development and deployment of 3 applications, and also on the analysis of the interactive features described in the literature, we have identified 8 key processes that may shape this form of interaction: Discovery, Association, Presence Management, Exploration, Interface Migration, Controller, Media Upload and Media Download. The contribution of this work is the identification of these high-level processes and an elicitation of the main design considerations for display networks.