gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dating violence common among U.S. teens (2006)

♦ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR. 2006;55:532 -535[OpenUrl][1][PubMed][2] .

Nearly one out of 11 U.S. high school students reported being hit, slapped or physically hurt by a boyfriend or girlfriend, which equates to about 1.5 million students nationwide, according to a survey
VANIN-1 I26T POLYMORPHISM AND HYPERTENSION IN TWO LARGE URBAN-BASED PROSPECTIVE STUDIES IN SWEDES: PP.21.313 (2010)

Background: Vanin-1 (gene name VNN1) is an enzyme with pantetheinase activity generating the amino-thiol cysteamine which is implicated in the regulation of redox status through its effect on glutathione. A recent study, which used the admixture of historically separated populations, to map hypertension-associated genes has implicated VNN1 as a candidate gene for hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that the rs2294757 VNN1 I26T polymorphism, a SNP which has been demonstrated to be potentially functional in silico, could affect blood pressure (BP) levels, hypertension prevalence, and risk of incident cardiovascular events in middle-aged Swedes. Methods: The VNN1 I26T polymorphism was genotyped in 5664 participants of the cardiovascular cohort of the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC-CVA) Study and successively in 17874 participants of the Malmö Preventive project (MPP). The incidence of cardiovascular events (coronary events, n = 304; ischemic stroke, n = 261) was monitored for an average of nearly 12 years of follow-up in the MDC-CVA. Results: Both before and after adjustment for sex, age and BMI in the MDC-CVA the VNN1 26T allele showed a mild lowering effect on diastolic BP (after full adjustment using the additive model beta-coefficient [SEM] −0.403 [0.189]mmHg p < 0.05) and hypertension prevalence (after full adjustment using the autosomal dominant model O.R. [95%C.I.] 0.885 [0.788–0.995]), an effect more evident in females. However in MPP no effect on BP phenotypes was detectable. Before and after adjustment for major cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratio for incident ischemic stroke and coronary events in MDC-CVA was not significantly different in carriers of different genotypes (see figure). Conclusions: Our data do not support a major role for the VNN1 I26T variant in determining BP level and incident ischemic events. The different results between the studies could be explained by statistical false positive result but also by differences in the studied populations especially regarding age and gender distribution.
Clinical Study on Bedbound Period after Coronary Arteriography (2001)

Objective To find out the appropriate bedbound period after Coronary Arteriography (CAG) in order to reduce the complications and uncomfort caused by prolonged Bedbound period and affected limb immobilization.Methods 121 cases of CAG patients were randomly divided into the reduced period group (experiment group) and the conventional group (the control group),two ways of nursing and observation respectively.Result the rate of complication occurred in the experiment group much less than that of in the control group and the bedbound period were different as well.The above items showed statistics significance (P<0.005～0.05).Conclusion The reduced bedbound period decreases the suffering of CAG patients and provides the reliable clinical evidence for proper nursing approach in this field.
Modeling the Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Fuel Cell Vehicles (2003)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This study involves the battery requirements for a fuel cell-powered hybrid electric vehicle. The performances of the vehicle [a 3200-lb (1455-kg) sedan], the fuel cell, and the battery were evaluated in a vehicle simulation. Most of the attention was given to the design and performance of the battery, a lithium-ion, manganese spinel-graphite system of 75-kW power to be used with a 50-kW fuel cell. The total power performance of the system was excellent at the full operating temperatures of the fuel cell and battery. The battery cycling duty is very moderate, as regenerative braking for the Federal Urban Driving Schedule and the Highway Fuel Economy Test cycles can do all charging of the battery. Cold start-up at 20°C is straightforward, with full power available immediately. Cold start-up at -20°C is more difficult, but can be accomplished by the use of thermal storage in the form of 10 L of transformer heat-transfer fluid heated to 180°C, which can warm the battery to 10°C and restore the battery to full power within two minutes.</div>
Synthesis of Monolithic Hierarchically Porous Iron-Based Xerogels from Iron(III) Salts via an Epoxide-Mediated Sol–Gel Process (2012)

Various iron-based polycrystalline monoliths, Fe3O4, iron, and Fe3C, with hierarchically distributed pores have been synthesized from ionic precursors using a sol–gel process accompanied by phase separation. Propylene oxide acts as a proton scavenger to increase pH moderately and uniformly in a reaction solution, which leads to homogeneous gelation. On the other hand, poly(acrylamide) works as a phase separation inducer as well as a precipitation inhibitor. Appropriate choice of iron precursor, solvent, polymer, and epoxide allowed the formation of iron(III)-based xerogels with cocontinuous macroporous structures. The dried gels were amorphous, whereas heating in air above 300 °C led to the formation of α-Fe2O3. Calcination under an inert condition above 400 °C formed Fe3O4, iron, and Fe3C without collapse of macrostructures. Examination has been carried out using SEM, TG-DTA, FT-IR, Hg intrusion, pH measurement, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption–desorption.
The development of an educational, control engineering laboratory in a developing country (2005)

The development of educational engineering laboratories, especially in the multidisciplinary fields such as control and robotics, has a direct bearing on the possibilities of technology transfer in developing countries. The local constraints of such countries make the "turn key" approach to technology transfer a very expensive, wasteful, and probably a useless endeavour. This paper suggests and tries to prove that a feasible solution to this technology transfer problem can be carried out by the educational institutions themselves through the development of their own apparatus, expertise and training programs. It describes the development of a control engineering educational laboratory at the industrial Engineering Department of the University of Jordan, starting from a control system simulator and an articulated robot arm, through the use of final year graduation projects. In both instances, the results were so encouraging that the department decided to support the effort and further developments are now underway.
Dedicated PET scanners for breast imaging (1997)

We have used computer simulations to compare two designs for a PET scanner dedicated to breast imaging with a whole-body PET scanner. The new designs combine high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and good energy resolution to detect small, low-contrast masses. The detectors are position sensitive NaI(Tl) scintillators. The first design is a ring scanner surrounding the breast and the second consists of two planar detectors placed on opposite sides of the breast. We have employed standard performance measures to compare the different designs: contrast, percentage standard deviation of the background, and signal-to-noise ratios of reconstructed images. The results of the simulations show that both of the proposed designs have better lesion detectability than a whole-body scanner. The results also show that contrast is higher in the ring breast system but that the noise is lower in the planar breast system. Overall, the ring system yields images with the best signal-to-noise ratios, although the planar system offers practical advantages for imaging the breast and axilla.
Horizontal Subsea Trees for the Shasta Development:An Operators Perspective (1996)

Abstract The Shasta project was managed by Hardy Oil and Gas and the operation handed over to Texaco after first production in November 1995. Weekly team meetings were held from May 199-t to October 1995. These meetings covered the Engineering and Construction phases of the project. Hardy created a unique project team environment which provided an open forum for group discussion. The Shasta subsea team consisted of a Hardy team leader, a Texaco engineer, a Texaco production supervisor and representatives from contractors and manufacturers. Team members were chosen on a partnering basis and not via a formal bidding process. It was decided that a Horizontal tree system should be used for the project (reference Figure 1). This paper describes why and how this decision was made, how the system was put together and how it has worked to date, The Shasta tree is an cmbodiment of team contributions to improvements in the following areas;SafetyReliabilityControls interfaceEase of installationEase of interventionEnvironmental protectionSeal designWireline plug designSystcrn integrationOperability Introduction The Shasta field development consists of two subsea wells tied back to Texaco's Green Canyon 6 platform, ?Kilauea'. The offset to the first well is approximately nine miles with an additional mile and a half to the second well, Water depths are 84(M and 104t)ft respectively, The wells arc electrohydraulically controlled by a multiplexed umbilical tied into the G.C. 6 platform Control of the wells is also relayed to the Texaco New Orleans office via the Texaco Stormac SCADA system which allows production to continue in the event of Hurricane evacuation of G.C. 6. An environment of partnership, team-work and open mindedness on the part of the oil companies and the subsea contractors was essential to the success of the project. All project team members demonstrated a willingness to adopt common goals and strive to overcome traditional technical, logistical and commercial obstacles in new ways. Each contributing team member strove to break new ground and prove their abilities to meet the needs of an ever more demanding subsea environment. The result of this open team approach was the synergy of various abilities, levels of experience and expertise to develop a cost effective subsea production system. Ease of installation and operational flexibility were major considerations during the design stages. Why a Horizontal Tree? In order to ensure that the appropriate subsea tree configuration was selected for Shasta, some three months were spent discussing various designs with a number of subsea wellhead manufacturers. The recommendation to use a horizontal tree was made in July 1995, and a thorough project team and partner review was conducted, An extensive Hazop was then conducted to establish operational viability.
Ce:YIG/Silicon-on-Insulator waveguide optical isolator realized by adhesive bonding (2012)

A waveguide optical isolator realized by adhesive bonding of a garnet die, containing a Ce:YIG magneto-optic layer, on a silicon-on-insulator waveguide circuit is demonstrated. The die was bonded on top of an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer using a 100nm thick DVS-BCB adhesive bonding layer. A static magnetic field applied perpendicular to the light propagation direction results in a non-reciprocal phase shift for the fundamental quasi-TM mode in the hybrid waveguide geometry. A maximum optical isolation of 25 dB is obtained.
Low Vitamin K Intake Effects on Glucose Tolerance in Rats (1999)

To investigate the effects of vitamin K (VK) on pancreatic function, intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed in rats fed with and without low VK diet (including less than 20% required vitamin K1). Plasma glucose and immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) were determined. It was found that at 0 min., plasma glucose and IRI levels in low VK group were slightly less than in the control (glucose, 204.5 +/- 21.7 vs. 229 +/- 19.6 mg/dl, IRI, 6.6 +/- 1.3 vs. 9.3 +/- 1.8 ng/ml mean +/- SEM). At 3 min. after glucose administration, plasma glucose was higher (391.8 +/- 25.6 vs. 371.8 +/- 18.7 mg/dl) and IRI, lower (11.8 +/- 2.1 vs. 18.2 +/- 3.6 ng/ml) in the low VK group. The disappearance rate of plasma glucose in the low VK group at 5-10 min. was significantly less than in the control (6.7 +/- 2.2 vs. 11.9 +/- 1.8 mg/dl/min.). Incremental IRI area at 0 to 5 min. in the low VK group is less than in the control (15.2 +/- 4.4 vs. 25.0 +/- 9.1 ng/ml/min.), but at 5-60 min. and 0-60 min., it was found to be significantly higher compared to the control (210.3 +/- 55.2 vs. 32.5 +/- 47.1 ng/ml/min. at 5-60 min.). Dietary low VK intake would thus appear to induce a tendency of poor early insulin response, and late hyperinsulinemia to the glucose load in rats.
Intravascular Gas Exchange: Physiology, Literature Review, and Current Efforts (2022)

Acute respiratory failure with inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation is a common reason for ICU admission in children and adults. Despite the morbidity and mortality associated with acute respiratory failure, few proven treatment options exist beyond invasive ventilation. Attempts to develop intravascular respiratory assist catheters capable of providing clinically important gas exchange have had limited success. Only one device, the IVOX catheter, was tested in human clinical trials before development was halted without FDA approval. Overcoming the technical challenges associated with providing safe and effective gas exchange within the confines of the intravascular space remains a daunting task for physicians and engineers. It requires a detailed understanding of the fundamentals of gas transport and respiratory physiology to optimize the design for a successful device. This article reviews the potential benefits of such respiratory assist catheters, considerations for device design, previous attempts at intravascular gas exchange, and the motivation for continued development efforts.
Noninvasive visualization of early osteoarthritic cartilage using targeted nanosomes in a destabilization of the medial meniscus mouse model (2018)

We show that MabCII-nanosomes can precisely detect early stage OA in the DMM mouse model. Thus, MabCII-nanosomes have the potential to be used as a non-invasive method for diagnosing the early osteoarthritic lesions.
Expression of recombinant αA<sup>ins</sup>-crystallin and not αA-crystallin inhibits bacterial growth (1996)

alpha A-Crystallin and alpha Ains-crystallin are derived from the alpha A-crystallin gene via alternative splicing. They are identical except for the presence of a polypeptide, 23 amino acids long, encoded by the 'insert' exon. Evolutionary logic would suggest that the insertion of a 23 amino acid peptide in the middle of alpha A-crystallin, a protein evolving more slowly than either histone H1, cytochrome c or hemoglobin, would lead to appreciable structural and functional changes. However, based on physico-chemical studies, it is presently believed that alpha A-crystallin and alpha Ains-crystallin are functionally equivalent and that the presence of the 'insert' peptide in alpha Ains-crystallin is inconsequential. We report here that the independent expression of recombinant alpha Ains-crystallin, and not alpha A-crystallin, inhibits growth of the bacterial host. These observations were confirmed in coexpression experiments, wherein both the proteins were expressed in the same cell. Interestingly, growth inhibition is reversible. Importantly, the data demonstrate that it is catalytic amounts and not the gross accumulation of alpha Ains-crystallin which causes growth inhibition. Given the prior knowledge that alpha A-crystallin and alpha Ains-crystallin differ by a peptide of 23 amino acids, these data suggest that the "insert peptide' in alpha Ains-crystallin imparts properties on this protein that are different from alpha A-crystallin.
Leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction is necessary for photodynamic therapy induced vascular permeabilization (2011)

Leukocyte recruitment plays an essential role in the permeability-enhancing effect of PDT.
Production of quasi-crystal template patterns using a dual beam multiple exposure technique (2004)

We present a dual beam multiple exposure technique that can generate complex 2-D quasi-crystal template structures. The optical system is based on the interference of two laser beams producing a family of high intensity planes. Controlled reorientation of a photosensitive sample between exposures results in an exposure dose, when developed, returns a quasi-crystal pattern. Results are shown in which quasi-crystal patterns with 8, 10, and 12-fold rotation symmetry are produced in photoresist. The results of several test runs are shown in which the quasi-crystal patterns developed in photoresist are subsequently etched into silicon. Based on an extended application of the dual beam multiple exposure optical system, a potential technique for producing 3-D quasi-crystal patterns is presented.
A comprehensive tool for measuring mammographic density changes over time (2018)

The quality of STRATUS density measures was not influenced by mammogram type. The alignment protocol reduced the non-biological variability between images over time. STRATUS has the potential to become a useful tool for epidemiological studies and clinical follow-up.
The dynamics of sand (1994)

In recent years, sand has become a paradigm of complexity in physics; despite its everyday familiarity, it has come to typify what is increasingly regarded as a 'new' state of matter, namely matter in the granular state. Granular matter shows behaviour that is intermediate between that of solids and liquids and manifests fascinating properties like dilatancy and hysteresis. The last few years have seen an explosion of theoretical and experimental activity in the study of its dynamics, in particular to do with the relaxational behaviour of vibrated powders, segregation phenomena and sandpile avalanches. This article sets out to review the progress that has been made, and to present our current understanding of the dynamics of sand.
New grilles for Girard spectrometers (1985)

This paper is concerned with a theoretical investigation of grilles based on Hadamard matrices for selective modulation spectrometers. It has been established that the spread functions of devices with such grilles have no accuracy maxima, and the grilles themselves offer great luminosity. Some peculiarities of using the grilles are discussed.
November 2nd, 1937 (1937)

In the district the spiders are likely to become rarer owing to the practice of firing the stubble after the harvest.
Anomaly Intrusion Detection Using Multi-Objective Genetic Fuzzy System and Agent-Based Evolutionary Computation Framework (2006)

In this paper, we present a multi-objective genetic fuzzy system for anomaly intrusion detection. The proposed system extracts accurate and interpret able fuzzy rule-based knowledge from network data using an agent-based evolutionary computation framework. The experimental results on KDD-Cup99 intrusion detection benchmark data demonstrate that our system can achieve high detection rate for intrusion attacks and low false positive rate for normal network traffic.
Size-dependent properties of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CeO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>nanoparticles as studied by Raman scattering (2001)

The combined effects of strain and phonon confinement are seen to explain why the Raman peak near $464{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in ${\mathrm{CeO}}_{2\ensuremath{-}y}$ nanoparticles shifts to progressively lower energies and the lineshape of this feature gets progressively broader and asymmetric (on the low-energy side) as the particle size gets smaller. The increasing lattice constant measured for decreasing particle size explains this Raman shift well. The linewidth change is fairly well explained by the inhomogenous strain broadening associated with the small dispersion in particle size and by phonon confinement. The spectra are also likely to be directly affected by the presence of oxygen vacancies. Comparison of the temperature dependence of the Raman lineshape in the nanoparticles and the bulk shows that phonon coupling is no faster in the nanoparticles, so size-dependent phonon coupling does not contribute to the large nanoparticle peak red shifts and broadening at room temperature. Irreversible thermally induced changes are observed in the Raman peak position of the nanoparticles.
Enhancement of the electromechanical behavior of IPMCs based on chitosan/polyaniline ion exchange membranes fabricated by freeze-drying (2005)

The electromechanical behavior of an ionic polymer?metal composite (IPMC) based on a chitosan/polyaniline (CP) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) is influenced by the internal structure of the CP ion exchange membrane. The freeze-drying method was found to be successful in improving the IPMC electromechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations indicated that the ion exchange membranes became more porous after freeze-drying. From swelling ratio and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, the freeze-dried membranes exhibited a higher swelling ratio and increased free water content. Electron beam deposition was used to manufacture the IPMC metal electrodes. Experiments on the bending of IPMC samples in a direct current electric field showed that the freeze-dried samples had a faster and larger bending motion than non-freeze-dried samples.
Iterative generation of higher-order nets in polynomial time using linear programming (1997)

This paper presents an algorithm for constructing and training a class of higher-order perceptrons for classification problems. The method uses linear programming models to construct and train the net. Its polynomial time complexity is proven and computational results are provided for several well-known problems. In all cases, very small nets were created compared to those reported in other computational studies.
Single feed circularly polarized microstrip antenna and array (2007)

In an attempt to obtain circular polarization using a single feed patch antenna, this paper introduces a novel design that consists of two circular patches to cover 5.2 GHz band operation. The big circle is the main patch, and it is merged with a smaller circle at a distance from the center of the main patch for creating both sense of polarization (RHCP, LFHCP). There are advantages of the proposed design such as simplicity to design the antenna at any desired frequency, and transmission lines feeding that reduce the complexity of probe feeding. Sequential rotation of radiating patches with suitable excitation phase shifting has also been applied in this to improve the polarization purity over the wide range of frequencies with higher gain compared to a single patch.
Androgen physiology and the cutaneous pilosebaceous unit. (2001)

Hormones play an important role in cutaneous physiology. The androgen hormones are of particular relevance in modulating hair growth and sebum production in the pilosebaceous unit, which is comprised of the hair follicle and sebaceous gland. Testosterone arising from the circulation is converted peripherally to its more potent, reduced form, dihydrotestosterone, by the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase. Dihydrotestosterone is primarily responsible for androgen receptor binding and exerting end-organ effects. The clinical sequelae of enhanced local androgen production include androgenetic alopecia, hirsutism, and acne. These disorders can be fraught with significant psychosocial ramifications because of their highly visible nature and impact on perceptions of masculinity and femininity.