gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of SS31 on t-BHP induced oxidative damage in 661W cells (2015)

The present study aimed to investigate the ability of SS31, a novel mitochondria‑targeted peptide to protect against t‑BHP‑induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in 661W cell lines. The 661W cells were treated with various concentrations of SS‑31 and an MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. The expression of nitrotyrosine and 8‑hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‑OHdG) was detected using immunofluorescent staining. Apoptosis were assessed using Hoechst staining and an annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using MitoSOXTM with confocal microscopy. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed using flow cytometry. In addition, the release of cytochrome c was analyzed using confocal microscopy. The viability of the cells improved following treatment with SS31 between 100 nM and 1 µM, compared with untreated control group. Compared with the t‑BHP treatment group (20.0±3.8%), the number of annexin V‑positive cells decreased dose‑dependently to 13.6±2.6, 9.8±0.5 and 7.4±2.0% in the SS‑31 treated group at concentrations of 10 nM, 100 nM and 1 µM, respectively. Treatment with SS‑31 significantly prevented the t‑BHP‑induced expression of nitrotyrosine and 8‑OHdG, decreased the quantity of mitochondrial ROS, increased mitochondrial potential, and prevented the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. Therefore, the SS31 mitochondria‑targeted peptide protected the 661W cells from the sustained oxidative stress induced by t‑BHP.
Effects of low-dye taping on plantar pressure pre and post exercise: an exploratory study (2009)

Low-Dye tape's initial effect of reduced lateral forefoot peak plantar pressure was lost after a 10-minute walk. However, the tape continued to have an effect on the medial forefoot after 20 minutes of exercise. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to examine the important finding of the anti-pronatory trend present in the midfoot.
Novel THz Metamaterial Designs: From Near- and Far-Field Coupling to High-Q Resonances (2013)

In this paper, we review recent research on terahertz (THz) metamaterials focusing on structures which exhibit sharp resonances with high quality factors. After a short introduction to common design concepts, near-field measurements are presented to discuss the resonant coupling and excitation mechanisms. High- Q-factor metasurfaces based on symmetric and asymmetric resonators, characterized by far-field transmission measurements, are discussed including structures with trapped and high-order resonance modes. Numerical simulations of the current distributions inside the metaatoms give insight into the resonance mechanisms. The novel structures discussed here offer intriguing properties and have potential applications in design and development of filters, thin-film sensors, and slow-light devices.
Enhanced Controllability of Fries Rearrangements Using High‐Resolution 3D‐Printed Metal Microreactor with Circular Channel (2019)

High-resolution 3D-printed stainless steel metal microreactors (3D-PMRs) with different cross-sectional geometry are fabricated to control ultrafast intramolecular rearrangement reactions in a comparative manner. The 3D-PMR with circular channel demonstrates the improved controllability in rapid Fries-type rearrangement reactions, because of the superior mixing efficiency to rectangular cross-section channels (250 µm × 125 µm) which is confirmed based on the computational flow dynamics simulation. Even in case of very rapid intramolecular rearrangement of sterically small acetyl group occurring in 333 µs of reaction time, the desired intermolecular reaction can outpace to the undesired intramolecular rearrangement using 3D-PMR to result in high conversion and yield.
Antimalarial Activities of New Pyrrolo[3,2-f]Quinazoline-1,3-Diamine Derivatives (2005)

WR227825 is an antimalarial pyrroloquinazolinediamine derivative with a high potency but a low therapeutic index. A series of carbamate, carboxamide, succinimide, and alkylamine derivatives of WR227825 were prepared to search for compounds with an improved therapeutic index. The new acetamides and imide showed potent cell growth inhibition against four clones of Plasmodium falciparum (D-6, RCS, W-2, and TM91C235), with a 50% inhibitory concentration of approximately 0.01 ng/ml, and were highly active against Plasmodium berghei, with 100% cure at doses from <0.1 mg/kg of body weight to 220 mg/kg. The carbamates and alkyl derivatives, however, showed weak activity against Plasmodium falciparum cell growth but were highly efficacious in tests against P. berghei by the Thompson test. The best compounds, bis-ethylcarbamate (compound 2a) and tetra-acetamide (3a) derivatives, further demonstrated high potency against the sporozoite Plasmodium yoelii in mice and P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in aotus monkeys. Against the AMRU-1 strain of P. vivax, which has four dihydrofolate reductase mutations and is highly resistant to antifolates, tetra-acetamide 3a cured the monkeys at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg. Compound 2a cured only one out of two monkeys at 3 mg/kg. The results indicated that the new derivatives 2a and 3a not only have retained/improved the antimalarial efficacy of the parent compound WR227825 but also were less toxic to the animals used in the tests.
Hydrodynamic cavitation in Stokes flow of anisotropic fluids (2017)

Cavitation, the nucleation of vapour in liquids, is ubiquitous in fluid dynamics, and is often implicated in a myriad of industrial and biomedical applications. Although extensively studied in isotropic liquids, corresponding investigations in anisotropic liquids are largely lacking. Here, by combining liquid crystal microfluidic experiments, nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical arguments, we report flow-induced cavitation in an anisotropic fluid. The cavitation domain nucleates due to sudden pressure drop upon flow past a cylindrical obstacle within a microchannel. For an anisotropic fluid, the inception and growth of the cavitation domain ensued in the Stokes regime, while no cavitation was observed in isotropic liquids flowing under similar hydrodynamic parameters. Using simulations we identify a critical value of the Reynolds number for cavitation inception that scales inversely with the order parameter of the fluid. Strikingly, the critical Reynolds number for anisotropic fluids can be 50% lower than that of isotropic fluids.
Dual-ionic liquid system: an efficient catalyst for chemical fixation of CO<sub>2</sub> to cyclic carbonates under mild conditions (2018)

An easily prepared novel dual-ionic liquid system can catalyze the reactions of CO<sub>2</sub> and epoxides to form cyclic carbonates under mild conditions (1 atmos CO<sub>2</sub>, <italic>T</italic> = 30–60 °C) with excellent yields in the absence of any solvents or additives.
On the Influence and Role of Alkali Metals on Supported and Unsupported Activated Hydrotalcites for CO<sub>2</sub> Sorption (2010)

To increase the CO2 capture capacity of hydrotalcites, the influence of alkali (K, Na) metal carbonate loading of activated supported and unsupported hydrotalcites (HTact) on their CO2 capture properties was investigated. The alkali-loaded supported hydrotalcites adsorb at 523 K, depending on the alkali metal (Na or K) and the preparation method, 1.7−2.2 mmol CO2 g−1HT which exceeds the capacity of unloaded supported HT (1.3 mmol CO2 g−1HT) and K-loaded unsupported HT (∼0.3 mmol.g−1). The key for the increase in capacity in alkali-loaded HT is a close contact at least at a mesoscopic level between HT and alkali metal carbonate. The alkali metal carbonate could be successfully introduced either by impregnation of a K2CO3 solution on as-synthesized HT or by leaving residual K (or Na), from the synthesis, in the final material. The latter method is advocated since it omits a washing step after precipitation. The increase in capture capacity for alkali loaded HTs points to a higher concentration of defects (low-coordination oxygen sites) on the surface of the activated alkali loaded HTs compared to the unloaded HT. We propose that the higher concentration of adsorption sites is caused by the presence of Na+/K+ on the surface of Mg(Al)Ox.
Evidence for physiological function of epidermal growth factor: pregestational sialoadenectomy of mice decreases milk production and increases offspring mortality during lactation period. (1984)

Female virgin mice, whose submandibular glands were removed, underwent normal pregnancy and delivery. During the nursing period, however, a substantial number of pups born to and nursed by sialoadenectomized mothers died within 5 days of birth, whereas this did not occur among pups born to normal mothers. Cross-foster nursing experiments indicated that the cause of death of pups was to be found in sialoadenectomized mothers, not in the pups. The capacity of the sialoadenectomized mothers to nurse pups was much less than that of normal mothers, as shown by experiments involving alterations in the number of pups nursed by both sialoadenectomized and normal mothers. The mammary gland of lactating sialoadenectomized mice was smaller in size and produced less milk compared with that of normal mice. No apparent qualitative difference in milk proteins was found in the milk produced by the two groups of mothers. The decreased growth of the mammary gland of sialoadenectomized mice was also manifested during the second half of pregnancy, and mammary explants from those mice synthesized less casein in response to lactogenic stimuli, insulin, cortisol, and prolactin, in an organ culture system, when compared with mammary explants from normal pregnant mice. When epidermal growth factor, a polypeptide hormone that is synthesized and secreted by the submandibular gland, was injected daily at a dose of 5 micrograms into sialoadenectomized pregnant mice, the survival rate of the pups nursed by their mothers increased to the value obtained with normal mothers. The results were discussed in terms of a possible role of the submandibular gland and epidermal growth factor in the development of the mammary gland.
Web Services: Distributed Applications Without Limits. (2003)

Abstract: Web services technology is all about distributed computing. There is no fundamentally new basic concept behind this and related technologies. What is really new is the reach of Web services and its ubiquitous support by literally all major vendors. Most likely, heterogeneity will at the end no longer be an obstruction for distributed applications. This will have impact on application architectures, middleware, as well as the way in which people will think about computing and businesses use computing resources. We sketch these impacts as well as some exemplary research work to be done to actually build the outline environment. 1
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Intramolecular C(sp<sup>3</sup>)H Arylation for the Synthesis of Fused Cyclopentanes (2012)

All C-H bonds are not equal: The intramolecular arylation of unactivated C(sp(3))-H bonds in the presence of a chiral Pd/binepine catalyst allows the synthesis of fused cyclopentanes efficiently and in an diastereo- and enantioselective manner (see scheme).
Spatial keyframing for performance-driven animation (2006)

This paper introduces spatial keyframing, a technique for performance-driven character animation. In traditional temporal keyframing, key poses are defined at specific points in time: i.e., we define a map from a set of key times to the configuration space of the character and then extend this map to the entire timeline by interpolation. By contrast, in spatial keyframing key poses are defined at specific key positions in a 3D space where the character lives; the mapping from the 3D space to the configuration space is again defined by interpolation. The user controls a character by adjusting the position of a control cursor in the 3D space; the pose of the character is given as a blend of nearby key poses. The user thus can make expressive motion in real time and the resulting motion can be recorded and interpreted as an animation sequence. Although similar ideas are present in previous systems, our system is unique in that the designer can quickly design a new set of keyframes from scratch, and make an animation without motion capture data or special input devices. Our technique is especially useful for imaginary characters other than human figures because we do not rely on motion-capture data. We also introduce several applications of the basic idea and give examples showing the expressiveness of the approach.
A Kinetic Study of High Pressure Aqueous Oxidations of Organic Compounds Using Elemental Oxygen (1974)

The high pressure (< 136 atm) and high temperature (< 250°) reactions of elemental oxygen with aqueous solutions of selected soluble alcohols, ketones, and acids have been examined in detail for the first time. Saturated acids and methyl alcohol are not oxidized under the imposed conditions. The end product for the oxidation of ketones and primary alcohols is mainly carbon dioxide at 200 °C; however, appreciable yields of acids are obtained at 250 °C. tert-Butyl alcohol and secondary alcohols form the corresponding ketones which are then further oxidized. Those alcohols and ketones which were studied quantitatively all exhibited second-order kinetics, first order in organic compound and first order in oxygen. The compounds are listed below in the order of decreasing rate at 200°, ΔH ≠ in kcal/mol and ΔS ≠ in entropy units are noted in parentheses: 2-butanone (16.0, −25) > tert-butyl alcohol (24.2, −9) > cyclopentanone (12.4, −36) > isobutyl alcohol (21.5, −17) > sec-butyl alcohol (23.9, −15) > n-butyl alcohol > (21.3, −22) > acetone (15.1, −37). The alcohols have both higher entropies and enthalpies of activation than the ketones. Two non-chain mechanisms are proposed. (I) A ketone equilibrates with its enol which oxidizes to a metastable oxygenated intermediate. At 250° the intermediate decomposes to an acid or at 200° it is further oxidized to carbon dioxide. (II) Alcohols oxidize by an initial bimolecular mechanism to the corresponding ketone or aldehyde which may then be oxidized further.
Genetic analysis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in KK and KK-Ay mice (1998)

The KK mouse is considered suitable as a polygenic model for human non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. To identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in KK mice, linkage analysis using 97 microsatellite markers was carried out in a 192 F2 progeny, comprising 93 mice with the a/a genotype at the agouti locus (chromosome 2) and 99 mice with the Ay/a genotype, produced by a cross between a C57BL/6J female and a KK-Ay (Ay congenic) male. In F2 a/a progenies, we identified a QTL for fasting glucose levels on chromosome 6 (LOD score 6.0) and three loci with suggestive linkage on chromosomes 3, 5 and 14, but could not identify loci accounting for glucose tolerance and plasma insulin levels. In F2 Ay/a progenies, there were no loci with statistically significant linkage, but three suggestive loci were identified: a locus for fasting glucose on chromosome 9, and two loci for glucose tolerance on chromosomes 1 and 8. It would thus appear that. although the fasting glucose level is controlled by QTLs in KK mice, these QTLs may be masked by the strong hyperglycemic influence of the Ay allele. Suggestive loci accounting for glucose tolerance may interact with the Ay allele, since these loci were identified only in F2 Ay/a progeny. This is consistent with the finding that the impaired glucose tolerance in KK mice is moderate and becomes overt when associated with the Ay allele.
Integration of Planning and Deformation Model Estimation for Robotic Cleaning of Elastically Deformable Objects (2017)

In this letter, an approach is presented to estimate the stiffness characteristics of elastically deformable objects, while being processed in a robotic cleaning system. Building on our previous work [J. D. Langsfeld, A. M. Kabir, K. N. Kaipa, and S. K. Gupta, “Robotic bimanual cleaning of deformable objects with online learning of part and tool models,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Autom. Sci. Eng., 2016, pp. 626-632.], significant extensions are made in this letter by presenting new methods that lead to an overall improvement in the results. The robot system plans the actions of both the grasping and cleaning arms using its current model of the part deformation behavior, and attempts to minimize the overall cleaning time by finding plans that use a small number of grasping positions on the part. A finite-element method approach is used to model the part deformation and a general update algorithm is presented that can modify the stiffness parameters of the model to match observed deformation data collected during cleaning. This allows the system to very quickly discover the correct locations to grasp the part so as to minimize deformation. The methods described in this lettter are shown to achieve better results than the ones from our previous work: The results are much smoother, along with a twofold reduction in parameter-estimation error, and notable faster convergence.
Technique of Radical Retropubic Prostato-seminal Vesiculectomy and Injection of AU <sup>198</sup> (1962)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jun 1962Technique of Radical Retropubic Prostato-seminal Vesiculectomy and Injection of AU198 Frank E. Ceccarelli and (Major, MC) George J. Thomas Frank E. CeccarelliFrank E. Ceccarelli More articles by this author and George J. ThomasGeorge J. Thomas Medical artist, Department of Surgery. More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)65073-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1962 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 87 Issue 6 June 1962 Page: 951-963 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1962 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Frank E. Ceccarelli More articles by this author George J. Thomas Medical artist, Department of Surgery. More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Rapid Assembly of Small Materials Building Blocks (Voxels) into Large Functional 3D Metamaterials (2020)

Abstract Herein, various 3D additive manufacturing approaches are reviewed in terms of two important figures of merit: maximum voxel printing rate and minimum voxel size. Voxel sizes from several 100 µm down to the 100 nm scale are covered. Original results on multifocus two‐photon printing at around voxel printing rates of 10 7 voxels s −1 are presented in this context, which significantly surpass previous best values. These advances are illustrated by and applied to the making of microstructured 3D (chiral) mechanical metamaterials that are composed of more than one‐hundred‐thousand unit cells in three dimensions. Previous best values for unit cells of similar complexity are smaller by two orders of magnitude.
Circularly polarized fluorescence from chiral nematic liquid crystalline films: theory and experiment (1998)

Abstract A theory was formulated for the description of circularly polarized fluorescence (CPF) from a chiral nematic film in the spectral region outside the selective reflection band. The CPF theory incorporates: (1) the ability of a chiral nematic film to accomplish both circular dichroism and circular polarization and (2) linearly polarized fluorescence from chromophores unaxially aligned in the nematic sublayers comprising the film. Chiral nematic fluid films consisting of a nematic fluid, BDH 18523, and a chiral dopant, cholesteryl oleate, were prepared for hosting 1,6-diphenylhexatriene as a fluorescent dye. The experimentally determined dissymmetry factor using both left- and right-handed circularly polarized excitations was found to be in good agreement with the theoretical prediction with all the system parameters determined a priori. The theory was also employed to furnish insight into the effects of the concentration of the fluorescent dye and chiral nematic film thickness on the dissymmetry factor.
Kinetics of soluble TNF‐receptors and soluble adhesion molecules ICAM‐1, E‐selectin and VCAM‐1 under systemic rhTNFα therapy (1996)

Cytostatic as well as cytotoxic effects of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) therapy have been shown in vitro and in experimental in vivo models. Nevertheless, the mechanism of anti-tumour activity in humans in vivo remains unclear. To determine the role of the vascular lining endothelial cells as important mediators of several immunological interactions, we investigated changes in the levels of the soluble endothelial cell adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule 1, E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 as well as of soluble TNF receptors I and II during systemic therapy with recombinant human rhTNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha). All tests were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The clinical efficacy of the intravenous rhTNF-alpha therapy was poor. Only one patient with isolated intraarterial limb perfusion had a delayed, marked, but only temporary necrosis of tumour cells. In contrast, we found a marked, significant and (during therapy) undulating augmented increase in the levels of soluble adhesion molecules as well as of the soluble TNF receptors. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that a sufficient tumour-specific cellular immunity is required to achieve a clinically apparent efficacy of systemic rhTNF-alpha therapy in addition to cytokine-dependent inducible activation mechanisms. In this context, the vascular lining endothelial cells might play an important role as mediators of the complex immunological antitumoral activity.
HRAS1-selected, chromosome mediated gene transfer; in situ hybridization with combined biotin and tritium label localizes the oncogene and reveals duplications of the human transgenome (1987)

Chromosomes isolated from a human bladder carcinoma cell line which contains the actively transforming oncogene HRAS1 on chromosome 11 can be used to transform mouse cells. We have analyzed these chromosome mediated gene transformants by in situ hybridization techniques using biotinylated human DNA and a double antibody detection system to visualize the whole of the transgenome in a number of cell lines. In some transformants, where the amount of the transgenome was below the level of detection by the simple biotin system, we used a gold-silver enhancement technique. We have developed a combined in situ hybridization procedure using biotinylated human DNA plus antibodies and 3H-labeled HRAS1 DNA plus autoradiography to locate the actively transforming oncogene within the human transgenome in a selection of these transformants. In each of these there were complex insertions of the transgenome, either at multiple sites or with duplicated inserts at a single site. Each insertion contained a copy of HRAS1. The double in situ hybridization analysis helps define the types of arrangement and rearrangement which can accompany the chromosome mediated gene transfer process and, consequently, the potentials and limitations of the technique as a somatic cell and molecular genetic tool. Our analysis also suggests that multiple copies of the HRAS1 gene may be needed for stable transformation.