gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multifunctional Gradient Device for Use in High-Speed Liquid Chromatography (1971)

A gradient elution device has been developed which can produce a variety of shapes and time durations without hardware changes or theoretical calculations. Liquids from two reservoirs are mixed automatically by two electronically controlled proportioning valves. The device also provides a means of rapidly changing solvent concentrations during optimization of separations for subsequent sample analysis under constant composition conditions. Examples of chromatographic separations using the gradient device are illustrated.
High power clean DC bus generation using AC-link AC to DC power voltage conversion, DC regulation, and galvanic isolation (2009)

The proliferation of large non linear loads such as main propulsion and thruster variable frequency drives (VFDs) on both warships and commercial vessels, high voltage power supplies for lasers and other advanced weapons on warships require both AC voltage transformation and power conversion from AC to DC. For VFDs, rectification from AC to DC and inversion from DC back to AC is necessary; a process also applicable for some types of naval electric weapons and defensive systems. AC power transformation and rectification requires large conventional, low frequency transformers (i.e. 50 Hz or 60 Hz operation) in order to achieve voltage transformation and then rectification to provide the required level of DC voltage. The rectification process results in the production of harmonic currents and subsequent voltage distortion which, as is widely acknowledged, can adversely affect the operational integrity of the vessel or installation. The purpose of this paper is to propose a marine power system distribution system based on 'clean DC power' for some classes of naval vessels, commercial shipping and drilling/offshore applications. The paper introduces AC Linktrade technology, a 'soft switching' (i.e. it has no switching losses), high frequency technology which can transform voltages from any AC source within the converter (i.e. no conventional transformers are required) to either low voltage or medium-high voltage as part of the AC to DC conversion process. The AC Linktrade converter draws virtually harmonic free AC current (THD<1%) at unity displacement power factor and can provide single or multiple, regulated and galvanically isolated DC outputs (or AC outputs if required). The DC power can be supplied without any harmonic ripple, based on various 'active transformer' derived configurations: a) as discrete front end rectifiers for dedicated systems; b) as the DC supply for common DC bus systems and c) as the input converter stage to low voltage or medium to high voltage DC ring main systems. Voltage transformation (AC or DC) is via internal, high frequency transformers (20 kHz) which are a fraction of the size and weight of conventional transformers. This paper also outlines important weaknesses in present harmonic mitigations technologies with respect to cost, real world performance and physical size. The proposes an exciting, advanced technology which is poised to take marine, offshore, and industrial electrical power system engineering into the 21 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> Century.
Inhibition of neuropathic pain via dynorphin analog LYS 1044 (2012)

Neuropathic pain commonly results from damaged nerves or tissue incorrectly sending continuous excitatory signals to nociceptors, resulting in chronic pain. Elevated levels of dynorphin A and bradykinin have been linked with chronic neuropathic pain. Furthermore, selective bradykinin receptor antagonists have shown to reduce hyperalgesia; blocking actions of dynorphin while continuing to allow low levels of bradykinin activity. LYS 1040 is a novel dynorphin analog that we have demonstrated efficacy of in the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model in rats. Rats underwent (SNL) of the lumbar 5 and 6 nerves to stimulate neuropathic pain. Post injury rats were baselined to measure their state of tactile alloydynia (2.68g SEM+/−1.25) and thermal hyperalgesia (18.9s SEM+/− 0.54). After intrathecal injection of the drug, Von Frey testing (measuring mechanical allodynia) showed antiallodynia at all time points peaking at 100 minutes; 9.39g (SEM +/− 1.92) threshold, while the vehicle at 100 minutes withstood 3.71g (SEM +/− 0.60). IR testing showed antihyperalgesia at all points peaking at 40 minutes; 28.43s (SEM +/− 2.24), compared with vehicle treated animals which withstood 14.64s(SEM+/−1.82) at 40 minutes. Rotarod testing showed no inhibition of motor control for 120 minutes; LYS1044 ( 2.77m SEM+/− .18) as compared to vehicle (2.48m SEM+/− .58).
Isolation of BamHI variants with reduced cleavage activities (1991)

Derivation of the bamhIR sequence (Brooks, J. E., Nathan, P.D., Landry, D., Sznyter, L.A., Waite-Rees, P., Ives, C. C., Mazzola, L. M., Slatko, B. E., and Benner, J. S. (1991) Nucleic Acids Res., in press), the gene coding for BamHI endonuclease, has facilitated construction of an Escherichia coli strain that overproduces BamHI endonuclease (W. E. Jack, L. Greenough, L. F. Dorner, S. Y. Xu, T. Strezelecka, A. K. Aggarwal, and I. Schildkraut, submitted for publication). As expected, low-level constitutive expression of the bamhIR gene in E. coli from the Ptac promotor construct is lethal to the host unless the bamHIM gene, which encodes the BamHI methylase, is also expressed within the cell. We identified four classes of BamHI endonuclease variants deficient in catalysis by selecting for survival of a host deficient for bamHIM gene, transformed with mutagenized copies of the bamhIR gene, and then screening the surviving cell extracts for DNA cleavage and binding activities. Class I variants (G56S, G91S/T153I, T114I, G130R, E135K, T153I, T157I, G194D) displayed 0.1-1% of the wild-type cleavage activity; class II variant (D94N) lacked cleavage activity but retained wild-type DNA binding specificity; class III variants (E77K, E113K) lacked cleavage activity but bound DNA more tightly; class IV variants (G56D, G90D, G91S, R122H, R155H) lacked both binding and cleavage activities. Variants with residual cleavage activities induced the E. coli SOS response and thus are presumed to cleave chromosomal DNA in vivo. We conclude that Glu77, Asp94, and Glu113 residues are essential for BamHI catalytic function.
Using weak ties to understand resource usage behaviors in an online community of educators (2015)

We show that weak ties offer a useful theoretical lens for understanding the sharing and usage of community-contributed resources amongst educators in a large urban school district. Community-contributed resources include a rich variety of teaching and learning resources such as lesson plans, presentation slides, animations and simulations. In this research, we consider whether the deduced relationships between members of the community constitute weak ties. A deduced relationship exists when two community members view or access the same resource. If these deduced relationships do constitute weak ties then other theorized network properties should also be manifest, namely homophily and triadic closures. Our findings support these theoretical conjectures. Firstly, results indicate that the strength of a tie is directly proportional to the level of similarity between users in the network (homophily property). Secondly, we found strong support for the triadic closure property as well; we developed a computational model to predict the formation of weak ties via triadic closures with an accuracy of 97.8%. Insights from our model can be used to improve a collaborative filtering approach for resource recommendation by predicting future similarity between users in the network.
Real-Time Global Data Model for the Digital Earth (2000)

A global data model is presented for the digital earth that provides scalability and fast access. It is shown how the same global hierarchical structure can be used for a wide variety, and perhaps all types, of geospatial data. To maximize efficiency, particular types of data can, at prescribed levels of detail, transition from the global model to type-specific data structures and detail management schemes. This framework has been applied successfully to a variety of data including terrain elevations, phototextures and imagery, maps, buildings, moving or flying vehicles, weather, and other data. Further, the framework provides a geospatial visual data mining approach where one can navigate continuously from global overviews to high resolution local views. This paper presents results for several applications.
Fibrin Sleeve Formation on Indwelling Subclavian Central Venous Catheters (1971)

Fifty-five subclavian veins with previous indwelling catheters were dissected at autopsy. Two groups of subclavian catheters injected with contrast material during removal were studied by cinefluoroscopy. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients with indwelling Teflon and polyethylene catheters. Group 2 comprised six patients with indwelling graphite-benzakonium chloride-heparin sodium (GBH) bonded polyethylene catheters. The vein dissections and the cinefluoroscopic studies in group 1 revealed that totally circumferential fibrin sleeves consistently and extensively formed on indwelling subclavian catheters. They developed on polyethylene, Teflon, nylon, and siliconized rubber catheters. These fibrin sleeves were noted at dissection on catheters within 24 hours after insertion. Two associated thrombi were discovered. Cinefluoroscopy detected one additional thrombus. These findings are an undesirable potential hazard and concern of thromboembolism is certainly warranted. Methods to eliminate fibrin sleeves seem justified. Evidence suggests that GBH-bonded catheters significantly inhibit fibrin sleeve formation.
Microscopic string analysis of the D0-D8 brane system and dual R-R states ∗ (1998)

Using the boundary state formalism, we perform a microscopic string analysis of the interaction between two D-branes and provide a local interpretation for the R-R force in the D0-D8 brane system. To do so, we construct BRST invariant vertex operators for the massless R-R states in the asymmetric picture that are proportional to potentials rather than field strengths. The Hilbert space of such R-R states contains combinations of two vectors that decouple from all physical amplitudes, even in the presence of boundaries. Identifying these vectors, we remove the null states and recover duality relations among R-R potentials. If we specify to the D0-D8 brane system, this mechanism implies that the R-R 1-form state has a non-zero overlap with both the D0-brane and the D8-brane, thus explaining from a local point of view the non-vanishing R-R contribution in the interaction for the D0-D8 brane system and those related to it by duality. Work partially supported by the European Commission TMR programme ERBFMRX-CT96-0045 in which R.R. is associated to Torino University, and by MURST.
Gene-Wide Identification of Episodic Selection (2015)

We present BUSTED, a new approach to identifying gene-wide evidence of episodic positive selection, where the non-synonymous substitution rate is transiently greater than the synonymous rate. BUSTED can be used either on an entire phylogeny (without requiring an a priori hypothesis regarding which branches are under positive selection) or on a pre-specified subset of foreground lineages (if a suitable a priori hypothesis is available). Selection is modeled as varying stochastically over branches and sites, and we propose a computationally inexpensive evidence metric for identifying sites subject to episodic positive selection on any foreground branches. We compare BUSTED with existing models on simulated and empirical data. An implementation is available on www.datamonkey.org/busted, with a widget allowing the interactive specification of foreground branches.
Protein kinase C controls Fcγ receptor‐mediated endocytosis in human neutrophils (1990)

The aim of this study is to clarify which signaling mechanism operates in Fc gamma receptor-mediated endocytosis in human neutrophils. Endocytosis of immune complexes was inhibited by antibodies directed to cell membrane phospholipase C (PLC) and A2 (PLA2) (maximal inhibition obtained was 57% and 28%, respectively), being almost abolished by these antibodies if used in combination (up to 91% inhibition). The protein kinase C (PKC) activator, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, reversed this inhibitory effect. Four different PKC inhibitors (H-7, palmitoylcarnitine, sphingosine, and tamoxifen) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of endocytosis, up to over 80% in each case. H-8 (1-10 microM) which inhibits cyclic nucleotide protein kinases but not PKC had no effect upon endocytosis. It is concluded that Fc gamma receptor-induced activation of PLC and PLA2 triggers endocytosis by activation of PKC.
Electrochemical Deposition of ZnO Thin Films on Tin‐Coated Glasses (1999)

Polarization and morphological characteristics of thin ZnO films deposited on tin‐coated glass electrodes are presented. The films were obtained at a low temperature by an electrolytic process, where the cathode potential is an important control variable. The process is also promising as an electrochemical doping technique. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Compilation Techniques for Associative-Commutative Normalisation (1997)

We consider the problem of term normalisation modulo associative-commutative (AC) theories and describe several techniques for compiling many-to-one AC matching and reduced term construction. The proposed method, illustrated on three examples, is based on compact bipartite graphs, and is designed for working very efficiently on specific classes of AC patterns. Our experimental results provide strong evidence that compilation of many-to-one AC normalisation is a useful technique for improving the performance of algebraic programming languages.
Cyclic and Linear Nitramines Formed by Nitrolysis of Hexamine<sup>1</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclic and Linear Nitramines Formed by Nitrolysis of Hexamine1W. E. Bachmann, W. J. Horton, E. L. Jenner, N. W. MacNaughton, and L. B. ScottCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 6, 2769–2773Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01150a099https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01150a099research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views545Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LSP Self-Ping (2015)

When certain RSVP-TE optimizations are implemented, ingress LSRs can
receive RSVP RESV messages before forwarding state has been installed
on all downstream nodes. According to the RSVP-TE specification, the
ingress LSR can forward traffic through an LSP as soon as it receives
a RESV message. However, if the ingress LSR forwards traffic through
the LSP before forwarding state has been installed on all downstream
nodes, traffic can be lost. This memo describes LSP Self-ping. When
an ingress LSR receives an RESV message, it can invoke LSP Self-ping
procedures to ensure that forwarding state has been installed on all
downstream nodes. LSP Self-ping is an extremely light-weight
mechanism. It does not consume control plane resources on transit or
egress LSRs.
Apolipoprotein E Inhibits Platelet Aggregation through the L-Arginine:Nitric Oxide Pathway (1997)

We have previously reported that plasma apolipoprotein (apo) E-containing high density lipoprotein particles have a potent anti-platelet action, apparently by occupying saturable binding sites in the cell surface. Here we show that purified apoE (10-50 microg/ml), complexed with phospholipid vesicles (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, DMPC), suppresses platelet aggregation induced by ADP, epinephrine, or collagen. This effect was not due to sequestration of cholesterol from platelet membranes; apoE x DMPC chemically modified with cyclohexanedione (cyclohexanedione-apoE x DMPC) did not inhibit aggregation but nevertheless removed similar amounts of cholesterol as untreated complexes, about 2% during the aggregation period. Rather we found that apoE influenced intracellular platelet signaling. Thus, apoE x DMPC markedly increased cGMP in ADP-stimulated platelets which correlated with the resulting inhibition of aggregation (r = 0.85; p < 0.01, n = 10), whereas cyclohexanedione-apoE x DMPC vesicles had no effect. One important cellular mechanism for up-regulation of cGMP is through stimulation of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, the NO generated by conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline, binds to and activates guanylate cyclase. This signal transduction pathway was implicated by the finding that NO synthase inhibitors of distinct structural and functional types all reversed the anti-platelet action of apoE, whereas a selective inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (100 nM), had a similar reversing action. Direct confirmation that apoE stimulates NO synthase was obtained by use of L-[3H]arginine; platelets pretreated with apoE x DMPC produced markedly more L-[3H]citrulline (0.71 +/- 0.1 pmol/h/10(9) platelets) than controls (0.18 +/- 0.03; p < 0.05). In addition, hemoglobin which avidly binds NO also suppressed the anti-aggregatory effect, indicating that apoE stimulated sufficient production of NO by platelets for extracellular release to occur. We conclude that apoE inhibits platelet aggregation through the L-arginine:NO signal transduction pathway.
A study in the genus Vulpia (1937)

In conclusion, we propose the following nomenclatural alterations. For a good classification, the genus Vulpia is to be accepted as a member of the Festuceae. Various names of Vulpia are fixed according to our present rules of nomenclature, viz. V. bromoides (L.) GRAY, V. membranacea (L.) LINK, V. geniculata (L.) LINK, V. stipoides (L.) DUM. and V. Myurus (L.) GMELIN. For Vulpia ciliata the earliest valid epithet is taken and so this widely distributed species must bear the name of V. aetnensis TINEO, while its glabrous variety is named imberbis (Vis.) HENR.. Vulpia delicatula (LAG.) DUM. var. hirsuta HENR. and Vulpia geniculata (L.) LINK var. dasyantha HENR. are described as new varieties. Among the South American species the new combinations Vulpia eriolepis (DESV.) HENR., Vulpia australis (NEES) HENR. and Vulpia muralis (KUNTH) HENR. are proposed, moreover the endemic Vulpia Teneriffae (ROTH) HENR. is mentioned. The North American species are treated in connection with the parallel variations of the European Vulpias and the following new combinations are given, viz. Vulpia octoflora (PIPER) RYDBERG, var. hirtella (PIPER) HENR., V. sciurea (NUTT.) HENR., V. arida (ELMER) HENR., V. confusa (PIPER) HENR., V. Eastwoodae (PIPER) HENR., V. Grayi (ABRAMS) HENR. and V. Tracyi (HITCHC.) HENR..
Computational surface flattening: a voxel-based approach (2002)

A voxel-based method for flattening a surface in 3D space into 2D while best preserving distances is presented. Triangulation or polyhedral approximation of the voxel data are not required. The problem is divided into two main parts: Voxel-based calculation of the minimal geodesic distances between points on the surface and finding a configuration of points in 2D that has Euclidean distances as close as possible to these distances. The method suggested combines an efficient voxel-based hybrid distance estimation method, that takes the continuity of the underlying surface into account, with classical multidimensional scaling (MDS) for finding the 2D point configuration. The proposed algorithm is efficient, simple, and can be applied to surfaces that are not functions. Experimental results are shown.
Performance and the NAS Parallel Benchmarks (1994)

This talk will describe the NAS (National Aerospace Standards) Parallel Benchmarks, which are now widely cited in the high performance computing field as a measure of sustained performance on realistic scientific applications. The latest performance results will be included. It will be shown that significant progress has been made by several systems during the past year or so, with sustained performance on a par with the best conventional systems, and with performance per dollar significantly exceeding the conventional systems. This talk will also describe many of the pitfalls of performance reporting, and will give advice on how to avoid such pitfalls. The overall state of the field of high performance computing will also be discussed.
Most wanted, 2006 (2005)

Subtitle: The list is out -- and safety board pressures FAA to take swift action on aviation improvements.
Detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus by polymerase chain reaction (1993)

Detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection in goats is currently limited to serologic testing or cell culture. We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect CAEV sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), synovial fluid cells (SFC), and milk cells (MC) obtained from infected goats. Results were positive for 18 of 20 PBMC, 8 of 8 MC, and 5 of 5 SFC samples from seropositive goats, whereas 3 of 33 PBMC samples and none of 8 MC or 5 SFC samples from seronegative goats were positive. Two of the PCR-positive and seronegative goats seroconverted upon follow-up testing 2 months later. This PCR assay provides a useful method for detecting CAEV infection in goats.
A Novel Semirigid Ureterorenoscope with Vacuum Suctioning System for Management of Single Proximal Ureteral and Renal Pelvic Stones: An Initial Experience (2018)

The novel semirigid Sotn ureterorenoscope featuring a vacuum suction system is effective and safe for managing proximal ureteral and renal pelvic stones.
Disruption of influenza virus A by diethylether-Tween and tri-N-butyl phosphate-Tween mixtures. (1984)

In search for optimal conditions of influenza virus A/Brazil/78(H1N1) disruption by diethylether-Tween 80 and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP)-Tween 80 mixtures, the following treatments were found suitable: for 120 min at 4 degrees C with 3.3% TNBP and 0.1% Tween 80 or for 120 min at 4 degrees C with diethylether and 0.1% Tween 80 (ratio of diethylether and treated virus material 1:1). Disruption by TNBP appeared more favourable not only because of the convenient performance but also due to the higher antibody-inducing ability of the product obtained. The suggested removal of TNBP from the disruption product by extraction into hexan is easy and reliable. Chemical analysis enabled precise detection of 0.1% TNBP in the "vaccine" product. The hexan-extracted "vaccine" contained less than 0.05% TNBP, a concentration non-toxic for mice.