gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Method of Forming Optical Diffusers of Simple Known Statistical Properties (1978)

A method is described by which optical diffusing surfaces may be formed using photoresist materials. These surfaces have a surface profile which is smoothly modulated and thus amenable to theoretical modelling. The distribution of surface heights in the surfaces has been determined using an interferometric method. Typical results are given, together with comparisons with both the expected (gamma function) and desired (gaussian) forms of distribution.
4-Substituted Piperidines. II. Reaction of 1-Benzyl-4-cyano-4-t-aminopiperidines with Organometallic Compounds (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT4-Substituted Piperidines. II. Reaction of 1-Benzyl-4-cyano-4-t-aminopiperidines with Organometallic CompoundsBert Hermans, Paul Van Daele, Cornelis Van De Westeringh, Cyriel Van Der Eycken, Jozef Boey, and Paul A. J. JanssenCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 6, 851–855Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00330a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00330a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Marketing to Older Patients (1998)

Marketing has taken on increased importance in the United States' health care industry, especially with respect to Americans aged 55 and older. Given that health care costs account for 14 percent of the GNP of the U.S., and that older Americans represent nearly 25 percent of all health care expenditures, the ability of physicians to assess the perceptions of service quality, service value, and satisfaction and the effects of these variables on patient loyalty with respect to older patients is very important. A comprehensive model of patient behavior is introduced and tested. The results suggest the medical office staff and the expertise of the physician play particularly important roles in older patients' perceptions of service quality. In addition, strong relationships were found between (1) Service Quality and Satisfaction, (2) Satisfaction and Patient Behavior (repeated use of the physician), and (3) Service Quality and Patient Behavior. Conclusions and suggestions for future research are offered.
Effect of royal jelly ingestion for six months on healthy volunteers (2012)

Six-month ingestion of RJ in humans improved erythropoiesis, glucose tolerance and mental health. Acceleration of conversion from DHEA-S to T by RJ may have been observed among these favorable effects.
Mating Pheromones of <i>Saccharomyces kluyveri</i> : Pheromone Interactions Between <i>Saccharomyces kluyveri</i> and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1979)

Saccharomyces kluyveri is a heterothallic yeast with two allelic mating types denoted as a-k and alpha-k by analogy with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and from the work described here. S. kluyveri produces mating pheromones analogous to those of S. cerevisiae, but which appear to have different specificity. S. kluyveri thus differs from S. cerevisiae, Hansenula wingei, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe in that it exhibits both strong constitutive agglutination and mating pheromones. alpha-k cells produce a pheromone ("alpha-k-factor") which causes a-k cells to arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and to undergo a morphological change. After a period of time dependent on the concentration of alpha-k-factor, cells exposed to the factor resume cell division. alpha-k-factor has no effect on a-k/alpha-k diploids or on alpha-k cells, but at high concentration does induce G1 arrest of S. cerevisiaea cells (a-c). a-k cells produce a pheromone ("a-k-factor") which causes alpha-k cells to exhibit a morphological change. In addition, a-k cells exhibit the Bar phenotype with respect to alpha-k-factor. Partially purified preparations of S. cerevisiae alpha-factor are more active in inducing G1 arrest of a-k cells than of a-c cells. A more purified preparation of alpha-c-factor is less active against a-k cells than a-c cells, suggesting that an additional factor (KRE, kluyveri response enhancer) may be lost during purification. Attempts to mate S. kluyveri and S. cerevisiae cells by prototroph selection and by cell-to-cell mating have been unsuccessful with all combinations of mating types. Thus, S. cerevisiae and S. kluyveri are incompatible for mating even though their pheromones exhibit some physiological cross-reaction.
Fast magnetization reversal of GdFeCo induced by femtosecond laser pulses (2001)

Pump-pulse induced magnetization reversal of amorphous ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{23.1}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{71.9}{\mathrm{Co}}_{5.0}$ showed a subpicosecond magnetization collapse followed by a slower reversal. The reversal dynamics is well described by the Bloch equation via a reversal time that does not depend on temperature, but strongly decreases with increasing pump fluence. A comparison to data obtained in external saturation field and in remanence opened the way to separate the contributions due to temperature induced effects within single domains from those related to field induced domain formation.
Bifunctional Intercalators: Relationship of Antitumor Activity of Diacridines to the Cell Membrane (1977)

The in vivo antitumor effectiveness [as measured by the percentage increase in life-span (ILS%)] of 28 diacridine bis-intercalators of nucleic acids shows a highly significant correlation with their effect on phenomena associated with plasma membrane as well as a high degree of structural specificity. In contrast, the ILS% does not correlate with the uptake of these diacridines by cells, nor with the inhibition of RNA synthesis or of DNA synthesis or with the inhibition of growth of cells in culture. The possibility that the antitumor effectiveness of actinomycin D, another DNA intercalator, is associated with sites of action other than the hibition of RNA synthesis is discussed.
The natural world (2009)

The Academic Encounters Second edition series uses a sustained content approach to teach skills necessary for taking academic courses in English. There are two books for each content area. Academic Encounters Level 1 Student's Book Listening and Speaking: The Natural World engages students through interviews and academic lectures on stimulating topics from the fields of earth science and biology. Topics include the atmosphere, Earth's water supply, and life processes common to all living things. Students develop crucial listening and note-taking skills, discuss content, conduct interviews, and make presentations. A Student DVD includes all of the academic lectures. The topics correspond with those in Academic Encounters Level 1 Reading and Writing: The Natural World. The books may be used independently or together.
Lung recruitment maneuvers during acute respiratory distress syndrome: is it useful? (2011)

Although significant advances have been made in approaches to manage the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), reported overall mortality for ARDS is still high. Recruitment maneuvers (RM) have been recommended by some as potential adjuncts to lung protective ventilatory approaches in ARDS. In this point of view issues surrounding the use of RM in ARDS are addressed. Specifically, the ability of RM to open the lung, the safety of RM, and their affect on outcome are addressed. Finally, a specific approach to performing RM with the use of a decremental PEEP trial is outlined.
Evaluation of the Accuracy of Different Methods Used to Estimate Weights in the Pediatric Population (2009)

The Broselow tape is accurate for weight estimation in children < or =25 kg, but the Theron formula performs better with patients weighing >40 kg. The Broselow tape was not statistically superior to the Leffler formula in subjects weighing 25.1 to 40 kg. A separate cohort is needed to evaluate the validity of the alternative predictive formulae.
HOME NETWORKS AND INTERNET APPLIANCES SHAPE SERVICE PROVIDER ACCESS ARCHITECTURES (2000)

In recent years telecommunications literature has spoken of a coming age of “free” bandwidth. Another common discussion concerns the amount of intelligence that will
Emulsion Microgel Particles as High-Performance Bio-Lubricants (2018)

Starch-based emulsion microgel particles with different starch (15 and 20 wt %) and oil contents (0-15 wt %) were synthesized, and their lubrication performance under physiological conditions was investigated. Emulsion microgels were subjected to skin mimicking or oral cavity mimicking conditions, i.e., smooth hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane ball-on-disc tribological tests, in the absence or presence of salivary enzyme (α-amylase). In the absence of enzyme, emulsion microgel particles (30-60 vol % particle content) conserved the lubricating properties of emulsion droplets, providing considerably lower friction coefficients (μ ≤ 0.1) in the mixed lubrication regime compared to plain microgel particles (0 wt % oil). Upon addition of enzyme, the lubrication performance of emulsion microgel particles became strongly dependent on the particles' oil content. Microgel particles encapsulating 5-10 wt % oil showed a double plateau mixed lubrication regime having a lowest friction coefficient μ ∼ 0.03 and highest μ ∼ 0.1, the latter higher than with plain microgel particles. An oil content of 15 wt % was necessary for the microgel particles to lubricate similarly to the emulsion droplets, where both systems showed a normal mixed lubrication regime with μ ≤ 0.03. The observed trends in tribology, theoretical considerations, and the combined results of rheology, light scattering, and confocal fluorescence microscopy suggested that the mechanism behind the low friction coefficients was a synergistic enzyme- and shear-triggered release of the emulsion droplets, improving lubrication. The present work thus demonstrates experimentally and theoretically a novel biolubricant additive with stimuli-responsive properties capable of providing efficient boundary lubrication between soft polymeric surfaces. At the same time, the additive should provide an effective delivery vehicle for oil soluble ingredients in aqueous media. These findings demonstrate that emulsion microgel particles can be developed into multifunctional biolubricant additives for future use in numerous soft matter applications where both lubrication and controlled release of bioactives are essential.
New Solutions for Well-Test-Analysis Problems: Part 1—Analytical Considerations (1991)

Summary Point-source solutions are derived in the Laplace-transform domain and an extensive library of solutions is documented to obtain pressure distributions and well responses for a wide variety of wellbore configurations: partially penetrating vertical wells, horizontal wells, and fractured wells (complete or limited entry). Wells may be located in infinite or bounded systems (rectangular or circular reservoirs). Several combinations of closed and/or constant-pressure boundary conditions are considered at the vertical and lateral reservoir boundaries. These solutions may be used to examine homogeneous or naturally fractured reservoirs.
Carbon Pools and Flux of Global Forest Ecosystems (1994)

Forest systems cover more than 4.1 x 10(9) hectares of the Earth's land area. Globally, forest vegetation and soils contain about 1146 petagrams of carbon, with approximately 37 percent of this carbon in low-latitude forests, 14 percent in mid-latitudes, and 49 percent at high latitudes. Over two-thirds of the carbon in forest ecosystems is contained in soils and associated peat deposits. In 1990, deforestation in the low latitudes emitted 1.6 +/- 0.4 petagrams of carbon per year, whereas forest area expansion and growth in mid- and high-latitude forest sequestered 0.7 +/- 0.2 petagrams of carbon per year, for a net flux to the atmosphere of 0.9 +/- 0.4 petagrams of carbon per year. Slowing deforestation, combined with an increase in forestation and other management measures to improve forest ecosystem productivity, could conserve or sequester significant quantities of carbon. Future forest carbon cycling trends attributable to losses and regrowth associated with global climate and land-use change are uncertain. Model projections and some results suggest that forests could be carbon sinks or sources in the future.
Utility of Laboratory Testing in Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease (1999)

A diagnostic test panel for autoimmune inner ear disease should include an ESR and the Western blot for hsp70. More specific laboratory testing for systemic disease is warranted when the ESR is elevated. In patients with a positive Western blot, a trial of corticosteroid therapy can be given with good conviction because the test is quite specific. However, many people who are Western blot negative may also respond to corticosteroid therapy because the test lacks sensitivity.
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of imines of α-amino-acid esters: X-ray crystal and molecular structure of methyl 4-(2-furyl)-2,7-diphenyl-6,8-dioxo-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2-carboxylate (1978)

R. Grigg, J. Kemp, G. Sheldrick and J. Trotter, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1978, 109 DOI: 10.1039/C39780000109
Magnetic nanoparticles entrapped in the cross-linked poly(imidazole/imidazolium) immobilized Cu(<scp>ii</scp>): an effective heterogeneous copper catalyst (2014)

Anchoring of copper sulfate in layered poly(imidazole-imidazolium) coated magnetic nanoparticles provided a highly stable, active, reusable, high loading, and green catalyst for the click synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles <italic>via</italic> a one-pot cycloaddition of alkyl halide, azide, and alkyne (Cu-A<sup>3</sup>C).
STABILITY OF AN SEIS EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH CONSTANT RECRUITMENT AND A VARYING TOTAL POPULATION SIZE (2006)

这篇论文在潜伏期和一般人口尺寸依赖者接触与传染力量考虑一个 SEIS 流行模型率。阀值参数 R 被识别。如果 R ≤ 1，没有疾病的平衡 O 是全球性稳定的。如果 R > 1，有唯一的地方性的平衡， O 是不稳定的。为双线性、标准的发生的二种重要特殊情况，为这地方性的平衡的全球稳定性的足够的条件被给。如果阀值多于为没有在潜伏期的传染力量的相应 SEIS 模型的统一，一样的质的结果被获得。一些存在结果被扩大并且改善。
Increased O-GlcNAc transferase in pancreas of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (2000)

These findings indicate that O-GlcNAc transferase plays an important part in the modulation of O-GlcNAc concentrations in the pancreas and suggest that the increase in O-GlcNAc modification of the proteins correlates closely with diabetes.
Power Combining in an Array of Microwave Power Rectifiers (2005)

To obtain useful power levels for proposed freespace microwave power transmission applications, numerous rectifier outputs are interconnected in series and/ or parallel to share a common DC load. This work analyzes the resultant efficiency degradation when identical rectifiers operate at different RF power levels as caused by the power beam taper. The efficiency degradation is nearly identical with series and parallel combining and a closed form analytical model provides results which are similar to a detailed computer simulation model.
2015 문 · 이과 통합형 교육과정 개정의 요구조사에 나타난 교육과정적 의미 탐색 (2015)

본 연구는 2015 문 · 이과 통합형 교육과정 개정을 위해 실시한 학교 현장, 국가 · 사회의 요구조사 결과가 지니는 교육과정상의 의미를 사후적으로 분석한 것이다. 그리고 나아가서 이 분석결과를 토대로 하여 2015 문 · 이과 교육과정뿐만 아니라 향후 전개되는 개정의 작업에 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 연구를 위해 교육과정 및 교과교육 전문가를 대상으로 델파이 조사와 교사, 학생, 학부모를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구의 결과, 교육과정 개정과 관련한 쟁점을 과목 신설의 문제, 범교과 학습의 문제, 교육내용 적정화 및 운영 방식의 문제로 설정하고 세 가지 쟁점에 대해 조사 대상자별 인식과 대상자 간 인식의 차이를 확인하였다. 더 나아가 이를 토대로 교육과정 개정의 연계방안을 도출하여 제시하였다.
Complex Regulatory Network Controls Initial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation in <i>Escherichia coli</i> via Regulation of the <i>csgD</i> Gene (2001)

The Escherichia coli OmpR/EnvZ two-component regulatory system, which senses environmental osmolarity, also regulates biofilm formation. Up mutations in the ompR gene, such as the ompR234 mutation, stimulate laboratory strains of E. coli to grow as a biofilm community rather than in a planktonic state. In this report, we show that the OmpR234 protein promotes biofilm formation by binding the csgD promoter region and stimulating its transcription. The csgD gene encodes the transcription regulator CsgD, which in turn activates transcription of the csgBA operon encoding curli, extracellular structures involved in bacterial adhesion. Consistent with the role of the ompR gene as part of an osmolarity-sensing regulatory system, we also show that the formation of biofilm by E. coli is inhibited by increasing osmolarity in the growth medium. The ompR234 mutation counteracts adhesion inhibition by high medium osmolarity; we provide evidence that the ompR234 mutation promotes biofilm formation by strongly increasing the initial adhesion of bacteria to an abiotic surface. This increase in initial adhesion is stationary phase dependent, but it is negatively regulated by the stationary-phase-specific sigma factor RpoS. We propose that this negative regulation takes place via rpoS-dependent transcription of the transcription regulator cpxR; cpxR-mediated repression of csgB and csgD promoters is also triggered by osmolarity and by curli overproduction, in a feedback regulation loop.
The relative a antifilarial activity of a series of cyanine dyes against Litomosoides carinii, in vitro and in the cotton rat. (1949)

(1) Twelve cyanine dyes, reported in a previous paper (1) to be the most active of a larger series against the filarial parasite, L. carinii, of the cotton rat, were studied further with regard to their efficacy by various routes of administration and to their relative suitability for clinical trial in human filariases.

(2) In contrast to the marked chemotherapeutic activity exerted by these compounds following intraperitoneal administration to infested cotton rats, oral administration even of massive doses resulted in only occasional cures.

(3) Cures were produced following subcutaneous administration, but the therapeutic indices were less favorable than those obtained when the intraperitoneal route was used. Furthermore, the compounds produced, at the sites of injection, local tissue injury of a sufficient degree to preclude their administration by this route to human patients.

(4) One of the intrinsically most active compounds, 1'-ethyl-3,6-dimethyl-2- phenyl-4-pyrimido-2'-cyanine chloride, was selected for further study using the intravenous route of administration, since it produced less circulatory depression and less local tissue injury than any of the other compounds studied.

(5) This compound was found capable of producing cures in infested cotton rats when six doses each of 1.0 mgm. per kgm. were administered intravenously at either 24-hour, 72-hour, or weekly intervals. Lethal results followed the intravenous administration of single doses of 15 mgm. per kgm., and some animals were killed by the repeated injection of 10 mgm. per kgm., at intervals of one day. The wide range of dosage intervals over which the therapy was successful is discussed and the conclusion is drawn that the chemotherapeutic effect of the drug is related more directly, within limits, to the total amount of drug administered than it is to the frequency of administration.

(6) The course of the microfilaremia following administration of cyanines to cotton rats infested with L. carinii, and to dogs infested with D. immitis is described, as is the failure of these dyes to kill adult worms in the latter case. The implications for the clinical trial of # 863 in patients harboring W. bancrofti are discussed.
First-principles theory of chiral dichroism in electron microscopy applied to<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>ferromagnets (2007)

Recently it was demonstrated [Schattschneider et al., Nature 441, 486 (2006)], that an analog of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiment can be performed with the transmission electron microscope. The new phenomenon has been named energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism. In this work we present a detailed ab initio study of the chiral dichroism in the Fe, Co, and Ni transition elements. We discuss the methods used for the simulations together with the validity and accuracy of the treatment, which, in principle, can apply to any given crystalline specimen. The dependence of the dichroic signal on the sample thickness, accuracy of the detector position, and the size of convergence and collection angles are calculated.
Electrolyte materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (2020)

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) directly convert chemical energy that is stored in a wide range of fuels into direct current electricity, with high efficiency and low emissions, via a series of electrochemical reactions at elevated operating temperatures (generally 400–1000 °C). During such an energy conversion process, the properties of electrolyte materials determine the working principle and operating temperature of the SOFC. When considering the cost and stability, lowering the operating temperature is critical, and this has become one of the developing trends in SOFC research. The key point for realizing a reduction in operating temperature is to maintain low ohmic resistance of the electrolyte and low polarization resistance of the electrodes. In practice, the mechanical and chemical stability of the electrolyte is also a big concern. According to their differences in ion conduction mechanisms, there are three main types of electrolyte material available, namely, oxygen ion-conducting, proton-conducting, and dual ion-conducting electrolytes. In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in the development of these three types of electrolyte material for intermediate-temperature SOFCs. Both conductivity and stability are emphasized. In conclusion, the current challenges and future development prospects are discussed.
Identifying, managing and preventing skin maceration: a rapid review of the clinical evidence (2017)

Maceration causes patients' discomfort and pain as well as prolonging healing time and deserves more focused research. This rapid review highlights how limited the clinical empirical research is on identifying and managing skin maceration from an early stage so that health professionals may be better equipped to prevent it. Further clinical research is also needed to determine when levels of hydration in the skin become damaging. The small number of studies within this review show that skin maceration can be avoided, but clearer guidance is needed.
Slow-light Enhanced Correlated Photon-Pair Generation in Silicon (2011)

We report the generation of correlated photon pairs in the telecom C-band, at room temperature, from a dispersion-engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguide. The spontaneous four-wave mixing process producing the photon pairs is enhanced by slow-light propagation enabling an active device length of less than 100 μm. With a coincidence to accidental ratio of 12.8, at a pair generation rate of 0.006 per pulse, this ultra-compact photon pair source is immediately applicable towards scalable quantum information processing realized on-chip.