gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Shared Memory Orchestration towards Demand Driven Memory Slicing (2018)

Memory is increasingly becoming a bottleneck for big data and latency-sensitive applications in virtualized systems. Memory efficiency is critical for high-performance execution of virtual machines (VMs). Mechanisms proposed for improving memory utilization often rely on an accurate estimation of VM working set size at runtime, which is difficult under changing workloads. This paper explores opportunities for improving memory efficiency and their impacts on the performance of VM executions. First, we show that if each VM is initialized with an application-specified lower bound memory, then by maintaining a shared memory region across VMs in the presence of temporal memory usage variations on the host, those VMs under high memory pressure can minimize their performance loss by opportunistically and transparently harvesting idle memory on other VMs. Second, we show that by enabling on-demand VM memory allocation and deallocation in the presence of changing workloads, VM performance degradation due to memory swapping can be reduced effectively, compared to the conventional VM configuration scenario, in which all VMs are allocated with the upper-bound of memory requested by their applications. Third, we show that by providing shared memory pipes between co-located VMs, the inter-VM communication can speed up by avoiding unnecessary overhead of communication via the network. We develop MemLego, a lightweight shared memory based system, to achieve all these benefits without requiring any modification to user applications and the OSes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these opportunities through extensive experiments on unmodified Redis and MemCached. Using MemLego, the throughput of Redis and Memcached improves by up to 4x over the native system without MemLego, up to 2 orders of magnitude when the applications working set size does not fit in memory.
Fluorimetric determination of sub-microgram amounts of selenium (1961)

C. A. Parker and L. G. Harvey, Analyst, 1961, 86, 54 DOI: 10.1039/AN9618600054
Identification of a Key Precursor Phase for Synthesis of SAPO-34 and Kinetics of Formation Investigated by in Situ X-ray Diffraction (2001)

The kinetics of formation of SAPO-34 in the presence of HF and with morpholine as a structure-directing agent has been monitored by in situ X-ray powder diffraction. Examination of the gel as a function of various heating profiles and final synthesis temperatures demonstrates the importance of the heating history. At lower temperatures, a layered “prephase” has been obtained with general empirical formula resembling [AlPO4F] × 0.87 C4H9ON−H. On indexing powder X-ray diffraction data, a monoclinic unit cell with dimensions a = 14.473 Å, b = 6.930 Å, c = 9.239 Å, and β = 101.54° was found with high figures of merit. An additional disordered phase, most probably a layered structure, appears as a transient phase during transformation of the prephase to SAPO-34. It has been shown that these two precursors are of major importance for obtaining SAPO-34 under the conditions studied. In addition, use of the prephase as starting material with the addition of water produces triclinic AlPO4-34 (Si free) after hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C for 24 h. The kinetics of formation have been examined in the presence of hydrofluoric acid as a function of the final synthesis temperature using a two-step heating profile. The crystallization curves were fitted to the Avrami−Erofeyev equation, and activation energy of 158 kJ/mol for the formation of triclinic SAPO-34 was determined from an Arrhenius plot.
Increased Rates of Whole Body Protein Synthesis and Breakdown in Children Recovering from Burns (1978)

The rates of whole body protein synthesis and breakdown were determined, with the aid of a constant administration of [15N]glycine, during recovery in 11 acutely burned children, involving a total of 24 studies. Eleven studies were also conducted in seven healthy children before and after reconstructive surgery. Rates of whole body protein synthesis and breakdown, expressed as g protein/kg body weight/day, were significantly (p less than 0.05) and positiviely correlated with per cent body surface area total burn, per cent third-degree burn, and per cent open wound. These rates (synthesis, 7.1 +/- 2.1 g protein/kg/day; breakdown, 6.3 +/- 1.8 g protein/kg/day) were 80 to 100% greater (p less than 0.05) in patients with total burns greater than or equal to 60%, as compared to patients with less than 25% total burns or to the surgical patients. Because of the high energy cost of protein synthesis, it is proposed that an increased whole body protein turnover is partly responsible for the reported elevations in rates of heat production occurring in patients recovering from thermal injury.
Aided Navigation: GPS with High Rate Sensors (2008)

Design Cutting-Edge Aided Navigation Systems for Advanced Commercial & Military Applications

Aided Navigation is a design-oriented textbook and guide to building aided navigation systems for smart cars, precision farming vehicles, smart weapons, unmanned aircraft, mobile robots, and other advanced applications. The navigation guide contains two parts explaining the essential theory, concepts, and tools, as well as the methodology in aided navigation case studies with sufficient detail to serve as the basis for application-oriented analysis and design. 
Filled with detailed illustrations and examples, this expert design tool takes you step-by-step through coordinate systems, deterministic and stochastic modeling, optimal estimation, and navigation system design. Authoritative and comprehensive, Aided Navigation features:
End-of-chapter exercises throughout Part I In-depth case studies of aided navigation systems Numerous Matlab-based examples Appendices define notation, review linear algebra, and discuss GPS receiver interfacing Source code and sensor data to support examples is available through the publisher-supported website

Inside this Complete Guide to Designing Aided Navigation Systems
• Aided Navigation Theory: Introduction to Aided Navigation • Coordinate Systems • Deterministic Modeling • Stochastic Modeling • Optimal Estimation • Navigation System Design • Navigation Case Studies: Global Positioning System (GPS) • GPS-Aided Encoder • Attitude and Heading Reference System • GPS-Aided Inertial Navigation System (INS) • Acoustic Ranging and Doppler-Aided INS 
Table of contents
I. Theory
Part I: Overview
Chapter 1. Overview
Chapter 2. Reference Frames
Chapter 3. Deterministic Systems
Chapter 4. Stochastic Processes
Chapter 5. Optimal State Estimation
Chapter 6. Performance Analysis
Chapter 7. Navigation System Design
II. Application
Part II: Overview
Chapter 8. Global Positioning System
Chapter 9. GPS Aided Encoder-Based Dead-Reckoning
Chapter 10. AHRS
Chapter 11. Aided Inertial Navigation
Chapter 12. LBL and Doppler Aided INS
Appendix A: Notation
Appendix B: Linear Algebra Review
Appendix C: Calculation of GPS Satellite Position & Velocity
Appendix D: Quaternions
Bibliography
Index
Approaching the Non-Linear Shannon Limit (2009)

We review the recent progress of information theory in optical communications, and describe the current experimental results and associated advances in various individual technologies which increase the information capacity. We confirm the widely held belief that the reported capacities are approaching the fundamental limits imposed by signal-to-noise ratio and the distributed non-linearity of conventional optical fibres, resulting in the reduction in the growth rate of communication capacity. We also discuss the techniques which are promising to increase and/or approach the information capacity limit.
Band alignment of TiN/HfO2 interface of TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si stack (2012)

Band alignment of TiN/HfO2 interface of TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si stack is investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The p-type Schottky barrier height (p-SBH) is found to increase with thicker HfO2 thickness. Since considering only the metal/dielectric interface cannot explain this phenomenon, band alignment of TiN/HfO2 interface of TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si stack is demonstrated based on band alignment of entire gate stack. Dependence of p-SBH on HfO2 thickness is interpreted and contributed to fixed charges in gate stack, interfacial gap state charges at HfO2/SiO2 interface, and space charges in Si substrate. Electrical measurements of capacitor structures further support XPS results and corresponding explanation.
Reconstruction of Osteomyelitis Defects (2009)

Reconstruction of large skeletal defects secondary to osteomyelitis remains a challenging problem. Osteomyelitis can result from a variety of etiologies; most often, it is a consequence of trauma to a long bone. Despite advances in antibiotic therapy, treatment of chronic osteomyelitis requires adequate surgical debridement, which can often lead to large soft tissue and bone loss. Free vascularized bone can be used to reconstruct large skeletal defects greater than 6 cm or bone defects of smaller size that failed to heal with nonvascularized bone grafting. The length, cortical strength, and anatomic configuration of the free vascular fibular graft make it an ideal bone graft to bridge extremity defects, and it can be transferred with skin, fascia, and muscle to fill soft tissue defects in the recipient site.
Effect of Dilution, Seminal Plasma and Incubation Period on Cold Shock Susceptibility of Boar Spermatozoa (1973)

Four trials were conducted with boar spermatozoa to determine the effects of dilution rate, seminal plasma content and extender composition on susceptibility to cold shock and the development of resistance to cold during 30 C incubation. Acrosome morphology and sperm motility were used to assess damage by cold shock. The susceptibility of boar spermatozoa to cold shock increased as the dilution rate increased from 1:2 to 1:6 or 1:10. In addition, spermatozoa diluted to 1:6 or 1:10 before incubation were more susceptible to cold shock than spermatozoa diluted 1:2 before incubation and then rediluted to 1:6 or 1:10 after incubation and immediately before cold shock. Spermatozoa that were washed before incubation were more resistant to cold shock after 5-hr. incubation than after 1-hr. incubation, indicating that the acquisition of resistance to cold shock during incubation was an inherent property of the spermatozoa. However, seminal plasma provided boar spermatozoa with additional protection against cold shock. The replacement of seminal plasma with Tris-lactose extender containing 2 to 4% casein protected sperm acrosomes against cold shock but did not reduce the adverse effect of cold shock on sperm motility.
Layered structures, epitaxy, and interfaces (1985)

This book contains papers presented at a symposium on layered structures - epitaxy and interfaces. Topics include the following: processing; mechanical properties and reliability; interface and films; polymers; microstructural and chemical compounds of ceramic metals interfacial fracture energies.
Evidence for cAMP and cholate extrusion in C6 rat glioma cells by a common anion efflux pump (1991)

C6 rat glioma cells were investigated for a shared unidirectional efflux system for cAMP and cholate. [3H]Cholate was accumulated (at pH 7.3) by scraped C6 cell monolayers via a process which was rapid initially and then slowed to a steady state after 10 min at 37 degrees C. Release of the accumulated label was also rapid (t1/2 = 2 min), was essentially complete within 15 min, and exhibited energy dependence since it could be blocked by antimycin A. Half-maximal inhibition by antimycin A occurred at 0.87 microM, and maximal inhibition exceeded 90%. Various other compounds also inhibited [3H]cholate efflux. The most effective was prostaglandin A1, which reduced efflux half-maximally at a concentration of 0.14 microM. Other inhibitors, prostaglandin B1, verapamil, probenecid, and bromosulfophathalein, produced half-maximal inhibition at 5.3, 42, 78, and 110 microM, respectively. Cholate efflux was also blocked by 40 microM vincristine. Initial influx of [3H]cholate was not affected by antimycin A, prostaglandin A1, or vincristine and hence was attributed to a process separate from efflux. C6 rat glioma cells also have the ability to produce high intracellular levels of cAMP in response to isoproterenol and to release cAMP into the medium via a carrier-mediated efflux system. When measured under the same conditions employed for cholate efflux, the efflux of cAMP was found to be sensitive to each of the inhibitors of cholate efflux. Moreover, plots of cAMP efflux versus varying concentrations of prostaglandin A1, antimycin A, prostaglandin B1, verapamil, and probenecid showed similar response curves and comparable values for half-maximal These results indicate that C6 rat glioma cells contain a unidirectional efflux pump for cholate and that this same system also appears to mediate the unidirectional efflux of cAMP. These findings support the hypothesis that various cells contain efflux pumps which exhibit a broad specificity for large organic anions of diverse structure and that the function of these efflux pumps resides primarily in cellular anion detoxification. Analogous efflux pumps for hydrophobic drugs are overproduced in tumor cells exhibiting multidrug resistance.
Alterations in Uptake and Release Rates for GABA, Glutamate, and Glutamine During Biochemical Maturation of Highly Purified Cultures of Cerebral Cortical Neurons, a GABAergic Preparation (1984)

This study demonstrates that virtually homogenous cultures of mouse cerebral neurons, obtained from 15-day-old embryos, differentiate at least as well as cultures which in addition contain astrocytes. This was indicated by glutamate decarboxylase activity which within 2 weeks rose from a negligible value to twice the level in the adult mouse cerebral cortex, and by a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake rate which quadrupled during the second week in culture and reached higher values than in brain slices. Within the same period, the GABA content increased four to five times to 75 nmol/mg protein, and a potassium-induced increase in [14C]GABA efflux became apparent. Although the development was faster than in vivo, optimum differentiation required maintenance of the cultures beyond the age of 1 week. Uptake and release rates for glutamate and glutamine underwent much less developmental alteration. At no time was there any potassium-induced release of radioactivity after exposure to [14C]glutamate, and the glutamate uptake was only slightly increased during the period of GABAergic development. This indicates that exogenous glutamate is not an important GABA precursor. Similarly, glutamine uptake was unaltered between days 7 and 14, although a small potassium-induced release of radioactivity after loading with glutamine suggests a partial conversion to GABA.
Current trends and future directions in the genetic therapy of human neoplastic disease (1993)

All of these initiatives are exciting and may provide therapy that is not as destructive to normal tissues as most existing modalities of therapy, because the therapy is directed to particular molecular defects in the tumor cells. Possibly, this therapy can be individualized for the defects present within the cancer cell that result in disease. Such therapy could reduce treatment costs, because it will be less toxic and, therefore, more cost-effective. We are making the transition to therapy directed to molecular targets and specific for each patient. The potential rewards of this new direction are great in terms of improvement of the therapeutic outcome and reduction of toxicity and cost. Let us hope that the systematic study of these principles of therapy, which is now underway in many medical centers, will alter the unfavorable natural history that characterizes many of the most commonly encountered neoplastic diseases in humans.
Transformed Hairy Roots of <i>Arachis hypogea</i>: A Tool for Studying Root Nodule Symbiosis in a Non–Infection Thread Legume of the Aeschynomeneae Tribe (2009)

Arachis hypogea is a non-"infection thread" (IT) legume where rhizobial entry or dissemination in the nodules never involves IT. Rhizobia invade through epidermal "cracks" and directly access the cortical cells to develop the characteristic aeschynomenoid nodules. For investigating these nonclassical nodulation features in Arachis spp., we developed an efficient procedure for Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1000-mediated transformation of this plant. In this study, we optimized the induction of hairy roots and nodulation of composite Arachis hypogea plants in the presence of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) strain NC92. 35S promoter-driven green fluorescent protein and beta-glucuronidase expression indicated transformation frequency to be above 80%. The transformed roots had the characteristic rosette-type root hairs and had normal level of expression of symbiosis-related genes SymRK and CCaMK. The transgenic nodules resembled the wild-type nodules with an exception of 2 to 3%, where they structurally deviated from the wild-type nodules to form nodular roots. A 16S rRNA profile of an infected-zone metagenome indicated that identical populations of bradyrhizobia invaded both composite wild-type plants grown in natural soil. Our results demonstrate that Arachis hairy root is an attractive system for undertaking investigations of the nonclassical features associated with its nitrogen-fixing symbiotic interactions.
Cryoprecipitate Reversal of Opsonic α <sub>2</sub> -Surface Binding Glycoprotein Deficiency in Septic Surgical and Trauma Patients (1978)

Human opsonic alpha2-surface binding glyoprotein (alphs2SB-glycoprotein), a molecule having immunologic identity with an amino acid composition similar to cold-insoluble globulin, is concentrated in a cryoprecipitate of plasma. Septic surgical and trauma patients manifesting opsonic alpha2SB-glycoprotein deficiency and associated reticuloendothelial system dysfunction were treated by intravenous infusion of cryoprecipitate. This therapy restored circulating bioreactive and immunoreactive opsonin and improved their septicemia, pulmonary insufficiency, and duration of recovery. Cryoprecipitate infusion may offer a new approach to the treatment of septic injured patients in preventing multiple organ failure; measurement of immuno-reactive serum opsonic alpha2SB-glycoprotein may provide a noninvasive index of reticuloendothelial system function and patient status during servere sepsis that follows trauma.
ANALYSING EFFECTIVENESS OF FORCE APPLICATION IN SKI SKATING USING FORCE AND MOTION CAPTURE DATA -A MODEL TO SUPPORT CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING RESEARCH AND COACHING (2014)

Maastohiihto on huomattavan vaativaa kokovartaloliikuntaa niin fysiologian kuin biomekaniikankin kannalta tarkasteltuna. Latujen kunnostuksen, hiihtovälineiden, hiihtotekniikoiden sekä kilpailumuotojen kehityksen myötä hiihdosta on tullut nopeampaa ja vaativampaa, joka asettaa suurempia haasteita voimantuotolle. Vastaavasti hiihtotutkimuksessa huomio on viime vuosikymmeninä siirtynyt enemmän biomekaniikan suuntaan. Ensimmäiset ulkoisten suksi- ja sauvavoimien mittaukset suoritettiin yli kolmekymmentä vuotta sitten ja useita yhteyksiä voimantuoton ominaisuuksien ja hiihtosuorituskyvyn välillä on sittemmin tunnistettu. Edelleen on kuitenkin epäselvää mitkä ovat tärkeimmät voimamuuttujat kuvaamaan voimantuoton tehokkuutta, etenkin kolmiulotteista liikettä sisältävien luistelutekniikoiden osalta. Nykyiset voimamittaus-, liikekaappaus- sekä mittausaineiston käsittelyn teknologiat mahdollistavat kuitenkin tähän kysymykseen tarttumisen. Tässä tutkimuksessa on kehitetty ja testattu kolmiulotteista voima- ja liikeaineistoa hyödyntävä malli luisteluhiihdon voimankäytön tehokkuuden tarkasteluun. Mallissa käytetään uutta näkökulmaa, joka tarkastelee hiihtäjän massakeskipisteeseen suuntautuvia translationaalisia suksi- ja sauvavoimia sekä niistä laskettuja erisuuntaisia voimakomponentteja. Esimerkit mallin soveltamisesta kahden luisteluhiihtotutkimuksen aineistoon antavat viitteitä siitä, että mallin tulokset ovat oikeaa suuruusluokkaa mm. mitattuun kiihtyvyyteen suhteutettuna ja siten käyttökelpoisia luisteluhiihdon voimankäytön tehokkuuden tarkasteluun. Lisätutkimuksia laajemmin aineistoin kuitenkin tarvitaan tämän löydöksen vahvistämiseksi. Myös mallin sovellusta tulee kehittää, jotta se olisi tehokkaammin käytettävissä maastohiihdon, sekä vastaavia liikkeitä sisältävien lajien, tutkimuksen ja valmennuksen apuvälineenä.
Instrumental methods of analysis (1951)

This is an introduction to current methods of instrumental analysis and a reference for the future. Changes have been made to this 7th edition, including coverage of such topics as chemometrics, robotics, laboratory information management systems and the role of instrumentation in the overall analytical method. There is expanded treatment of graphite furnace AA, ICP and DCP, Fourier transform instruments, hyphenated methods, ion chromatography and photoacoustic spectroscopy. An illustrated discussion of the role of the computer in current instrumentation and laboratories is included.
Swept laser interferometric interrogation (2009)

A high-speed, swept-laser interferometric interrogation approach is introduced. Dynamic measurements of weak Fabry-Perot or Fizeau type interferometers with gap ranges of 50 um to 1 mm up to 70 Ksamples per second are demonstrated and discussed. Displacement resolution is < 1 pm/rt-Hz. This has application with MEMS and FPPI type sensors.
<title>On The Multiplex Advantage Of Coded Source/Aperture Photon Imaging</title> (1981)

The vague concept of "resolution" of a detector aperture (or of the source distribution in transmission imaging) is quantified in terms of an elementary signal discrimination task. The signal-to-noise ratio that characterizes performance of the discrimination task is obtained from statistical decision theory. Defining efficiency in terms of the square of this ratio, we find the uniformly redundant array to be 15 times as efficient as a simple open aperture or source of the same area for discrimination tasks when the objects are point-like. Otherwise, it is more efficient to use the simple large open aperture or source.
You Are What You Post: What the Content of Instagram Pictures Tells About Users’ Personality (2018)

Instagram is a popular social networking application that allows users to express themselves through the uploaded content and the different filters they can apply. In this study we look at the relationship between the content of the uploaded Instagram pictures and the personality traits of users. To collect data, we conducted an online survey where we asked participants to fill in a personality questionnaire, and grant us access to their Instagram account through the Instagram API. We gathered 54,962 pictures of 193 Instagram users. Through the Google Vision API, we analyzed the pictures on their content and clustered the returned labels with the k-means clustering approach. With a total of 17 clusters, we analyzed the relationship with users' personality traits. Our findings suggest a relationship between personality traits and picture content. This allow for new ways to extract personality traits from social media trails, and new ways to facilitate personalized systems. © 2018 Copyright for the individual papers remains with the authors.