gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Directivity of Horn Loudspeakers (1994)

A numerical method is used to calculate the directional properties of unbaffled horn loudspeakers. Both axisymmetric horns and horns with rectangular cross sections are investigated. The conical horn is investigated in most detail
Study of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose for production of fuel ethanol by the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process (1993)

The biochemical conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol, a promising alternative fuel, can be carried out efficiently and economically using the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. The SSF integrates the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose, catalyzed by the synergistic action of cellulase and beta-glucosidase, with the fermentative synthesis of ethanol. Because the enzymatic step determines the ethanol. Because the enzymatic step determines the availability of glucose to the ethanologenic fermentation, the kinetic of cellulose hydrolysis by cellulase and beta-glucosidase and the susceptibility of the two enzymes to inhibition by hydrolysis and fermentation products are of significant importance to the SSF performance and were investigated under realistic SSF conditions. A previously developed SSF mathematical model was used to conceptualize the depolymerization of cellulose. The model was regressed to the collected data to determine the values of the enzyme parameters and was found to satisfactorily predict the kinetics of cellulose hydrolysis. Cellobiose and glucose were identified as the strongest inhibitors of cellulase and beta-glucosidase, respectively. Experimental and modeling results are presented in light of the impact of enzymatic hydrolysis on fuel ethanol production.
Reaction of hydrogen atoms with nitric oxide (1964)

O. P. Strausz and H. E. Gunning, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1964, 60, 347 DOI: 10.1039/TF9646000347
Miniaturized Multilayer Inductors on GaAs Three-dimensional MMIC (2007)

Newly developed multi-layer inductors on GaAs three-dimensional MMICs are presented. We tested single-, double-, triple-, and quadruple-layer stacked-type inductors in what may be the first report on inductors on a GaAs MMIC with three or more layers. These proposed multilayer inductors can produce higher inductance in the same area as conventional 2D-MMICs. The performance of the single- and multilayer inductors was measured on wafer and calculated by electromagnetic field analysis using the finite element method. Though they are the same size, the multilayer inductors produce 2~11 times higher inductance than the single-layer inductors. In addition, the degradation of the multilayer inductor performances, such as resistance, Q-factor and self-resonant frequency, was not seen compared with the single-layer inductors. Multilayer inductors make it possible to shrink circuit size from many hundreds of MHz to the millimetre wave.
Common-Mode Voltage Cancellation in PWM Motor Drives With Balanced Inverter Topology (2016)

This paper proposes a balanced inverter topology for canceling the common-mode (CM) voltage of motor drives, and thus reducing or eliminating the ground leakage current, bearing current, and CM electromagnetic interference. The proposed topology splits one of the switches on each phase-leg of a conventional inverter into two half-voltage rated switches, and creates two complementary sets of balanced three phase output voltages, whose CM voltages cancel each other in the driven motor. The balanced inverter topology does not involve filter components, modification of the modulation strategy, or increase of the total device rating. Theoretical analysis and testing results are presented to verify this concept.
Horizontal cavity vertically emitting lasers with integrated monitor photodiodes (2006)

A 1300nm, high power, vertically emitting Fabry Perot laser is presented with a monolithically integrated photodiode. The lasers use ridge waveguide technology with a 45° etched facet to create 30mW of vertically emitted light. Two types of monolithically integrated back facet monitor diodes are discussed togther with their merits for adequate collection efficiency and tracking error. HCSELs with integrated MPDs have passed over 3000 hours of reliability testing.
From text to hypertext by indexing (1995)

A model is presented for converting a collection of documents to hypertext by means of indexing. The documents are assumed to be semistructured, i.e., their text is a hierarchy of parts, and some of the parts consist of natural language. The model is intended as a framework for specifying hypertextual reading capabilities for specific application areas and for developing new automated tools for the conversion of semistructured text to hypertext. In the model, two well-known paradigms—formal grammars and document indexing—are combined. The structure of the source text is defined by a schema that is a constrained context-free grammar. The hierarchic structure of the source may thus be modeled by a parse tree for the grammar. The effect of indexing is described by grammar transformations. The new grammar, called an indexing schema, is associated with a new parse tree where some text parts are index elements. The indexing schema may hide some parts of the original documents or the structure of some parts. For information retrieval, parts of the indexed text are considered to be nodes of a hypergraph. In the hypergraph-based information access, the navigation capabilities of the hypertext systems are combined with the querying capabilities of information retrieval systems.
Highly porous Co(ii)-salicylate metal–organic framework: synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties (2011)

A new porous Co(II)-salicylate metal-organic framework material has been synthesized hydrothermally through the reaction of Co(II) chloride with sodium salicylate under mild alkaline pH conditions. To get an idea about the structural aspect of the material from the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern, MAUD program has been successfully utilized and the assigned peaks match very well with a new tetragonal phase (space group, P4mm) having the unit cell parameters: a = b = 12.957 (0.042) Å; c = 12.738 (0.019) Å; α = β = γ = 90°, V = 2138.73 Å(3). N(2) adsorption/desorption analyses suggested the material is highly porous in nature having high BET surface area and pore dimensions of 2.0-3.0 nm, which is within the range of small mesopores. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the H(2)O molecules may be removed from the framework without collapsing the structure and the material is stable up to ca. 573 K. The material is characterized thoroughly by using different characterization tools such as TEM, SEM, UV-visible reflectance spectroscopy, FT IR spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis was employed to understand the oxidation state of the cobalt atom and presence of other elements within the framework. The material shows interesting magnetic properties, where the magnetic moments monotonically increase with the decrease in temperature down to 9 K. Below 9 K there is a steep increase in magnetization on further lowering the temperature, thereby suggesting the onset of a long range ferromagnetic transition with ferromagnetic Curie temperature, T(C) = 8.5 K. Furthermore, the M-H curve at 2 K shows a clear hysteresis loop with a coercive field 150 Oe and remnant magnetization 0.8 μ(B)/f.u.
Studies on Serotonin (5-HT)3-Receptor Antagonist Effects of Enantiomers of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-lH-Benzimidazole Derivatives (1995)

We assessed the 5-HT3-receptor antagonist effects of 4,5,6,7-1H-benzimidazole compounds which are derivatives of YM060, a potent and selective 5-HT3-receptor antagonist, in isolated guinea pig colon. YM114 (KAE-393), YM-26103-2, YM-26308-2 (3 x 10(-9) to 3 x 10(-8) M) produced concentration-dependent shifts to the right of the dose-response curves for both 5-HT and 2-methyl-5-HT (2-Me-5-HT). YM114 (pA2 = 9.08 against 5-HT, pA2 = 8.88 against 2-Me-5-HT), YM-26103-2 (pA2 = 8.27 against 5-HT, pA2 = 8.19 against 2-Me-5-HT), and YM-26308-2 (pA2 = 8.58 against 5-HT, pA2 = 8.4 against 2-Me-5-HT) showed similar pA2 values irrespective of the agonist used, suggesting that they have 5-HT3-receptor blocking activity irrespective of the N-position at the aromatic ring. Since these compounds have an asymmetric center, their enantiomers exist. The S-isomers were one to three orders of magnitude less potent than the respective R-isomer compounds, indicating that the stereochemical configuration of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzimidazoles is an important determinant of their affinity for 5-HT3 receptors. These results suggest that the highly potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonism and high selectivity for 5-HT3 receptors of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzimidazole derivatives are conserved irrespective of the position of the nitrogen atom in the aromatic ring and that 5-HT3 receptors favor the R-isometric conformation of these compounds.
Development of Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Thrombolysis Device for Blood Clot Emulsification (2012)

Ultrasonic thrombolysis is an effective method to treat blood clot thrombus in a blood vessel. This paper reports an OD 5 mm and an OD 10 mm piezoelectric thrombolysis transducers that vibrate longitudinally and generate a pressure field at the distal vibration tip. Studies of vibration mode, pressure field pattern, and cavitation effect were carried out. The transducers were also tested for blood clot emulsification. The results indicate both transducers are effective. The OD 10 mm transducer with a long transmission wire has shown to provide a strong cavitation effect and work effectively at low frequency, high amplitude, and high power conditions. The OD 5 mm transducer was found to operate effectively under higher frequency, low amplitude, and lower power conditions. The cavitation effect is moderate, which facilitates precision and controls over obtaining a more uniform emulsification result.
Proposed Mechanisms of Propranolol's Antihypertensive Effect in Essential Hypertension (1976)

We studied the antihypertensive effect of propranolol alone and in combination with diuretics in 13 patients with high, 18 with normal and nine with low-renin essential hypertension whose blood-pressure response to diuretics was previously established. Propranolol (160 mg daily) significantly lowered mean arterial pressure in high-renin (129 +/- 2.6 to 114 +/- 2.1 mm Hg) and normal-renin (131 +/- 2.7 to 119 +/- 3.5 mm Hg) patients but not in low-renin patients. A positive correlation (r = 0.36, P less than 0.05) between fall in pressure and fall in plasma renin activity occurred at this dose when the whole group was considered. An antihypertensive effect occurred in both high-renin and low-renin hypertension during large-dose (320 to 960 mg daily) propranolol therapy. This effect was independent of changes in plasma renin activity. The antihypertensive effects of propranolol and diuretics were additive in normal-renin and high-renin hypertension. These data suggest that propranolol's pressure-lowering activity is due to both renin-dependent and renin-independent effects.
ErbB receptors mediate both migratory and proliferative activities in human melanocytes and melanoma cells (2005)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation by transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha) has been implicated in autocrine growth in melanoma, but does not alter melanocyte proliferation. This raises the possibility that different signalling pathways are activated via EGFR or ErbB receptors. Here, we demonstrate that ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4 are expressed in cultured human melanocytes. Western analyses with receptor-specific antisera revealed protein bands with Mr values of 185 and 160 kDa, corresponding to ErbB2 and ErbB3, respectively. Blots probed with ErbB4 antibodies showed bands with Mr values of 180, 120 and 80 kDa, corresponding to the receptor and its reported variants. Two malignant melanoma cell lines expressed ErbB2 and ErbB3, but not the full-length ErbB4 receptor. As TGFalpha binds to EGFR and the heregulins (HRG) bind to ErbB3 and ErbB4, these growth factors were examined for effects on receptor activation and on cell growth and motility in a scratch wound closure assay. In normal melanocytes, HRGbeta1 activated the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of proteins that immunoprecipitated with EGFR and ErbB4 antisera, and significantly enhanced cell migration but not proliferation. Neither TGFalpha nor HRGalpha1 promoted migration or growth in normal melanocytes. By contrast, TGFalpha stimulated migratory activity in the MM96L cell line, but not in the MELJG line, whereas HRGbeta1 significantly enhanced cell growth, but not migration, in both malignant cell lines. The apparent transition of HRGbeta1 from a migratory to a proliferative function after malignant transformation, and the change in TGFalpha from a non-migratory to a migratory activity in one melanoma line, suggests multiple switches in ErbB signalling pathways via EGFR/ErbB heterodimer formation.
Specification and design of a new haptic interface for maxillo facial surgery (2011)

Multimodal VR training platforms appear as a very promising complement to traditional learning methods for the transfer of skills. The environment is fully controlled and the content of the application, as well as the feedbacks, can be tuned to the performances and progress of the user. The efficiency of this approach depends however on the ability to realistically reproduce the situations encountered in the real world. If not, users could develop false perception-action loops or illusionary conjunctions. This would be detrimental for the transfer of the training to the real world. Our institute, the Lab of applied research on Software-Intensive Technologies from the French Atomic Energy Commission, CEA, LIST, is currently developing such a platform for the training of maxillo facial surgery. As no existing haptic device fits the requirements of this application, we specifically developed a new interface. This paper presents its specification, design and performances.
Abstract 2132: Anti-vascular inflammatory nanoparticles inhibit tumor progression and metastasis through vascular normalization (2018)

Abstract Vascular networks in cancer are structurally and functionally abnormal. Abnormal blood vessel development in cancer plays an important role in cancer growth and metastasis, and blocks delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Recent studies have revealed that the normalization of abnormal tumor vasculature is one of the promising approaches to treat cancer. Inflammatory microenvironment is one of the newly focused hallmarks of cancer, and tumor vasculature has similar features to that of inflammatory vessels. Thus, vascular inflammation is emerged as an attractive target for cancer treatment. We hypothesized that amelioration of vascular inflammation in tumor may induce vascular normalization leading to the inhibition of tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we investigated the function of ant-vascular nanoparticles in tumor growth and metastasis in LLC allograft tumor models and MMTV-PyMT, spontaneous breast tumor models using TFG and TFMG which are engineered a protein-cage nano-particle (ferritin) with both EPCR-targeting peptides (γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain of protein C) and PAR-1-activating peptides (TRAP) of thrombin on its surface. As a result, tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the nanoparticle-injected group, and the lymph node metastasis was also decreased in both animal models. It has been found that the survival rate of the nanoparticle-injected group was prolonged. TFG and TFMG normalized abnormal tumor vasculature, that is, pericytes coverage in vasculatures was significantly increased but the hypoxic regions was decreased in the nanoparticle injected group. Furthermore, when the experiment was conducted by administering cisplatin and nanoparticles together in the LLC allograft tumor model, the tumor size was synergistically increased in the case of the nanoparticle and cisplatin combination administration compared to the cisplatin alone group. Taken together, anti-vascular inflammation nanoparticles with anti-vascular inflammatory properties normalized the abnormal blood vessels and inhibited tumor formation and metastasis. It is suggested that inducing normalization of cancer blood vessels by improving the inflammatory state of blood vessels may be a promising therapeutic method for effective cancer treatment. Citation Format: Young Sun Choi, Soo Hyun Kang, Jong-Sup Bae, In-San Kim, You Mie Lee. Anti-vascular inflammatory nanoparticles inhibit tumor progression and metastasis through vascular normalization [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2132.
Experience with an architecture for integrating images into a hospital information system (2002)

An integrated image system to provide high-quality image data from cardiology, pulmonary and gastrointestinal endoscopy, pathology, radiology, hematology, and nuclear medicine for hospital information systems has been developed. Images and associated text data are presented to clinicians throughout the hospital on high-resolution workstations which are interfaced to the main hospital system in a client-server architecture. The system's architecture is described, and experience in the first six months of operation is discussed. Initial use has validated the approach and has indicated a number of unanticipated benefits for patient care and teaching.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bubble Dynamics During Boiling in Enhanced Surface Microchannels (2006)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> An experimental investigation is presented on flow boiling of deionized water in 227-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m hydraulic diameter microchannels with reentrant type cavities. Key features of nucleate boiling are discussed. Active nucleation site density, bubble frequency and departure diameter, and flow patterns over mass velocities ranging from 41 kg/m<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$^{2}$</tex></formula>-s to 302 kg/m<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$^{2}$</tex></formula>-s and heat fluxes ranging from 28 to 445 W/cm<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$^{2}$</tex></formula> are studied. Similarities and differences with results obtained on large-scale systems and unenhanced microchannels are discussed.<papernumber>1536</papernumber> </para>
Integrating Social Media and Mobile Sensor Data for Clinical Decision Support: Concept and Requirements (2016)

Social media are increasingly used by individuals for the purpose of collecting data and reporting on the personal health status, on health issues, symptoms and experiences with treatments. Beyond, fitness trackers are more used by individuals to monitor their fitness and health. The health data that is becoming available due to these developments could provide a valuable source for continuous health monitoring, prevention of unexpected health events and clinical decision making since it gives insights into behavior and life habits. However, an integration of the data is challenging. This paper aims triggering the discussion about this current topic. We present a concept for integrating social media data with mobile sensor data and clinical data using digital patient modelling. Further, we collect requirements and challenges for a possible realization of the concept. Challenges include the data volume, reliability and semantic interoperability.
Remote control signal for submarine optical repeater fault location systems (1986)

Abstract This paper studies the remote control signal for submarine digital optical repeater fault location systems. The conditions to be satisfied by a submarine optical repeater fault location system are shown first and then a practical fault location system is proposed. The remote control signal is composed of a mark density modulated pulse stream whose on‐off is controlled by pulse width modulated command codes. This signal achieves performance improvement even when there are main transmission line errors, code identification of repeater, and simplification of supervisory control circuit. This remote control signal is validated through a transmission experiment using 445 Mb/s submarine optical repeater, and the robustness against main transmission errors and the error detection ability of transmission line errors are clarified.
Novel treatment of female-pattern androgenetic alopecia with injected bimatoprost 0.03% solution. (2011)

Female-pattern androgenetic alopecia is a very common disorder that has been associated with extreme psychological morbidity. Few treatments have documented utility and many physicians are often overwhelmed with how little is pharmacologically available to treat this condition. Novel treatments that are effective, safe, less costly and simple are in high demand. We report a case of female-pattern androgenetic alopecia that failed to respond to a novel treatment with injected bimatoprost solution. Hypothetically, the treatment should have been effective and although we did not have success, this report suggests critical points to consider in the future of prostaglandin analogs, as well as other therapies being considered for the treatment of female-pattern hair loss.
The 1993 AnyBoard rapid-prototyping environment (2002)

The programming of the AnyBoard is demonstrated by the design of a digital oscilloscope. The operations needed to enter, simulate, store, map, and debug a design are designed. The length of time needed to accomplish each of these operations is used to justify some proposed enhancements to the AnyBoard rapid-prototyping environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Consequences of Delayed Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline Treatment Regimens against Francisella tularensis Airway Infection (2012)

This study examines the efficacy, bacterial load, and humoral response of extensively delayed ciprofloxacin or doxycycline treatments following airway exposure of mice to Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (strain LVS) or to the highly virulent F. tularensis subsp. tularensis (strain SchuS4). A delay in onset of both antibiotic treatments allowed the rescue of all LVS-infected animals. However, for animals infected with SchuS4, only ciprofloxacin was efficacious and prolongation of treatment rescued all animals.