gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of flux input and output Josephson pair device (1985)

A new Josephson junction logic device working on the principle of parametron and operated entirely on dc flux for input, output and excitation is discussed in this article. Computer simulation of the device operation with clock signal of 100psec shows that the device is behaving very well as a logic element with very low power dissipation. The device's parameters and noise problems such as thermal noise and quantum tunnelling noise are also discussed. Promising results are obtained from the analysis.
Human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is present in atherosclerotic plaques and induces death of vascular smooth muscle cells: a laboratory study (2006)

This study shows that LL-37 is present in atherosclerotic lesions and that it induces death of vascular smooth muscle cells. In a subset of cells, the changes indicate the development of apoptosis triggered by an initial mild perturbation of plasma membrane integrity. The findings suggest a role for LL-37 as a mediator of immune cell-induced death of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis.
Cycling Memory CD4<sup>+</sup>T Cells in HIV Disease Have a Diverse T Cell Receptor Repertoire and a Phenotype Consistent with Bystander Activation (2014)

This work provides evidence that the increased memory CD4+ T cell cycling in HIV infection is not a result of cognate peptide recognition but, rather, is more likely related to the inflammatory environment of HIV infection.
Analysis of Oocyte-Like Cells Differentiated from Porcine Fetal Skin-Derived Stem Cells (2010)

We previously reported the differentiation of cells derived from porcine female fetal skin into cells resembling germ cells and oocytes. A subpopulation of these cells expressed germ cell markers and formed aggregates resembling cumulus-oocyte complexes. Some of these aggregates extruded large oocyte-like cells (OLCs) that expressed markers consistent with those of oocytes. The objective of the current study was to further characterize OLCs differentiated from porcine skin-derived stem cells. Reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot revealed the expression of connexin37 and connexin43, both of which are characteristic of ovarian follicles. The expression of meiosis markers DMC1 and synaptonemal complex protein, but not STRA8 and REC8, was detected in the OLC cultures. Immunofluorescence with an antibody against synaptonemal complex protein on chromosome spreads revealed a very small subpopulation of stained OLCs that had a similar pattern to leptotene, zytotene, or pachytene nuclei during prophase I of meiosis. Sodium bisulfite sequencing of the differentially methylated region of H19 indicated that this region is almost completely demethylated in OLCs, similar to in vivo-derived oocytes. We also investigated the differentiation potential of male skin-derived stem cells in the same differentiation medium. Large cells with oocyte morphology were generated in the male stem cell differentiation cultures. These OLCs expressed oocyte genes such as octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), growth differentiation factor-9b (GDF9B), deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL), VASA, zona pellucida B (ZPB), and zona pellucida C (ZPC). It was concluded that skin-derived stem cells from both male and female porcine fetuses are capable of entering an oocyte differentiation pathway, but the culture system currently in place is inadequate to support the complete development of competent oocytes.
On Overview of the Andrew File System. (1988)

CMU-ITC-88-062 Andrew is a distributed computing environment being developed in a joint project by Carnegie Mellon University and IBM. One of the major components of Andrew is a distributed file system. The goal of the Andrew File System is to support growth up to at least 7000 workstations (one for each student, faculty member, and staff at Carnegie Mellon) while providing users, application programs, and system administrators with the amenities of a shared file system. This overview describes the environment, design, and features of the file system, and ends with a summary of how it &amp;quot;feels &amp;quot; to end users and to system administrators.
Optimization of a β‐sheet‐cap for long loop closure (2016)

Protein loops make up a large portion of the secondary structure in nature. But very little is known concerning loop closure dynamics and the effects of loop composition on fold stability. We have designed a small system with stable β-sheet structures, including features that allow us to probe these questions. Using paired Trp residues that form aromatic clusters on folding, we are able to stabilize two β-strands connected by varying loop lengths and composition (an example sequence: RWITVTI - loop - KKIRVWE). Using NMR and CD, both fold stability and folding dynamics can be investigated for these systems. With the 16 residue loop peptide (sequence: RWITVTI-(GGGGKK)<sub>2</sub> GGGG-KKIRVWE) remaining folded (ΔG<sub>U</sub> = 1.6 kJ/mol at 295K). To increase stability and extend the series to longer loops, we added an additional Trp/Trp pair in the loop flanking position. With this addition to the strands, the 16 residue loop (sequence: RWITVRIW-(GGGGKK)<sub>2</sub> GGGG-WKTIRVWE) supports a remarkably stable β-sheet (ΔG<sub>U</sub> = 6.3 kJ/mol at 295 K, T<sub>m</sub> = ∼55°C). Given the abundance of loops in binding motifs and between secondary structures, these constructs can be powerful tools for peptide chemists to study loop effects; with the Trp/Trp pair providing spectroscopic probes for assessing both stability and dynamics by NMR.
Discrete distribution estimation under local privacy (2016)

The collection and analysis of user data drives improvements in the app and web ecosystems, but comes with risks to privacy. This paper examines discrete distribution estimation under local privacy, a setting wherein service providers can learn the distribution of a categorical statistic of interest without collecting the underlying data. We present new mechanisms, including hashed k-ary Randomized Response (k-RR), that empirically meet or exceed the utility of existing mechanisms at all privacy levels. New theoretical results demonstrate the order-optimality of k-RR and the existing RAPPOR mechanism at different privacy regimes.
Energy-Efficient Progressive Remote Update for Flash-Based Firmware of Networked Embedded Systems (2010)

Firmware update over a network connection is an essential but expensive feature for many embedded systems due to not only the relatively high power consumption and limited bandwidth, but also page-granular erasure before rewriting to flash memory. This work proposes a page-level, link-time technique that minimizes not only the size of patching scripts but also perturbation to the firmware memory, over the entire sequence of updates in the system’s lifetime. We propose a tool that first clusters functions to minimize caller-callee dependency across pages, and then orders the functions within each page to minimize intrapage perturbation. Experimental results show our technique to reduce the energy consumption of firmware update by 30--42% over the state-of-the-art. Most importantly, this is the first work that has ever shown to evolve well over 41 revisions of a real-world open-source real-time operating system.
Context-aware messaging (2009)

There are academic and commercial drivers for context-awareness to play a prominent role in the future of mobile services. Implementing a complete model of context remains an unsolved problem, however, some contextual elements such as person, time and place are relatively easy to identify. We develop a simple context model incorporating personal, temporal and spatial dimensions and apply it to a context-aware text messaging service. We report a field study of the service, investigating how applying these fundamental contextual constraints to messages can affect the nature of communication between participants. The results suggest that although contextual constraints are not appropriate for all types of message content, they increase opportunities for situated chat in public spaces, improve group awareness between peers and facilitate conversations between people, some of whom would not otherwise communicate with each other.
Modulation of Abnormal Colonic Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Differentiation by Low-Fat Dairy Foods (1998)

Increasing the daily intake of calcium by up to 1200 mg via low-fat dairy food in subjects at risk for colonic neoplasia reduces proliferative activity of colonic epithelial cells and restores markers of normal cellular differentiation.
Efficient techniques in the sizing and constrained optimisation of CMOS combinational logic circuits (1991)

Two techniques are proposed which enhance the optimisation efficiency of CMOS combinational logic circuits. One uses transition times (rise and fall times) of each gate as variables of the optimisation process. The other technique uses the optimal characteristic waveform synthesising method (OCWSM) to obtain the initial guess for the optimisation process. The optimisation process, with these two techniques, can perform sizing and optimisation for circuits with a smaller fixed-delay specification than other sizing and optimisation algorithms. The circuits sized using the proposed algorithm have shown a smaller power dissipation, especially when the delay specification is small. The CPU time consumed is reasonable. High-speed low-power circuits are thus more realisable using the proposed algorithm.
El Fondo de Garantía Salarial tras las reformas legales de 2011-2012 (2012)

La nueva legislacion laboral -incluida la Ley de Jurisdiccion Social- ha afectado al FOGASA, en especial en cuanto a su presencia en los procedimientos concursales, asi como en el proceso laboral. El analisis doctrinal fija los puntos criticos de cada supuesto
Polarization-dependent pulse compression and broadening due to polarization dispersion in dispersion-shifted fiber (1988)

Random polarization mode coupling makes modeling the effects of polarization dispersion in long fibers difficult. In a recent paper,1 an approach to this problem was presented in which the first-order effects of polarization dispersion for spectrally narrow sources were considered to arise through a difference in the time of flight for waves launched in two orthogonal principal states. We present experimental results in support of this model and also extend the model to show that the second-order effect of polarization dispersion on pulse propagation is an effective chromatic dispersion having opposite signs for the two principal states. This latter effect is demonstrated in dispersion-shifted fiber by the compression of frequency chirped pulses in one principal state and commensurate broadening in the orthogonal principal state.
Using an enabling technology to reengineer legacy systems (1994)

article Free Access Share on Using an enabling technology to reengineer legacy systems Authors: Lawrence Markosian Reasoning Systems, Palo Alto, CA Reasoning Systems, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Philip Newcomb Boeing Computer Services Research and Technology, Seattle, WA Boeing Computer Services Research and Technology, Seattle, WAView Profile , Russell Brand Reasoning Systems, Palo Alto, CA Reasoning Systems, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Scott Burson View Profile , Ted Kitzmiller Boeing Computer Services Research and Technology, Seattle, WA Boeing Computer Services Research and Technology, Seattle, WAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 5May 1994 pp 58–70https://doi.org/10.1145/175290.175297Published:01 May 1994Publication History 73citation765DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations73Total Downloads765Last 12 Months40Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Determination of Clenbuterol in Bovine Liver by Combining Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion and Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction Followed by Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ion Trap Multiple-Stage Mass Spectrometry (2001)

Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is a new sample pretreatment for solid samples. This technique greatly simplifies sample pretreatment but, nonetheless, the extracts often still require an extra cleanup step that is both laborious and time-consuming. The potential of combining MSPD with molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) was investigated in this study. Liver samples were ground in a mortar with C18 sorbent and the homogenized mixture packed into an SPE cartridge and placed on top of a MISPE cartridge. Subsequently, clenbuterol was eluted from the MSPD cartridge onto the MISPE cartridge using acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid. The ability of the molecularly imprinted polymer to selectively adsorb analyte in acetonitrile was exploited for re-extracting clenbuterol directly from this acetonitrile extract via the double cartridge tandem system. The analyte was eluted from the MISPE cartridge using acidified methanol. A clear eluate was obtained, which was subsequently evaporated, redissolved, and analyzed by HPLC electrochemical detection (ECD) or ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/IT-MS). The MISPE cartridge used in this study was imprinted using bromoclenbuterol, a structural analogue of clenbuterol, as the template. These MISPE cartridges showed excellent stability. The complete extraction procedure was rapid, and recoveries exceeded 90% for the target analyte. The method detection limit for the LC/IT-MS procedure was < 0.1 microg/kg. This method, therefore, satisfies the stringent requirements of European Union regulation EEC 2377/90.
Design Verification at the Register Transfer Language Level (1975)

Computer description languages can be used as input to software tools which aid in the design of digital hardware structures. One of the important phases in the design process is verification. A software system is described which aids the verification process of a computer description at the register transfer language (RTL) leveL. It is based on the concept of concurrent simulation and comparison of the functional and the structural description of a computer. Error types, in particular consistency and semantic errors, and algorithms for their detection are discussed. The tools necessary to implement these detection procedures are outlined.
Recovery of gastrointestinal motility from post‐operative ileus in dogs: effects of Leu<sup>13</sup>‐motilin (KW‐5139) and prostaglandin F2α (1995)

Cyclical motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract, normally occurring during the interdigestive period in several mammals, is disrupted in the post-operative ileus. We determined the recovery from the disappearance of cyclical motor activity, from the stomach to the colon, in dogs after laparotomy with the force transducers. Moreover, we examined the effects of Leu13-motilin (KW-5139) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), administered in the early post-operative period, on the gastrointestinal motility. Following laparotomy, the cyclical motor activity reappeared firstly in the ileum and the colon, then in the jejunum and the duodenum, and finally in the stomach. The reappearance time of the phase III contractions in the stomach was 105.8 +/- 10.6 h (n = 4). In the early post-operative period, KW-5139 (0.5 microgram kg-1, i.v.) induced phase-III-like contractions, whereas PGF2 alpha (50 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) induced simultaneously occurring contractions over the whole gastrointestine. The treatment with KW-5139 (0.5 microgram kg-1, i.v.) four times (twice daily on the first and the second post-operative day) significantly (P < 0.05) shortened the time required to recover the phase III contractions in the stomach (64.2 +/- 2.2 h, n = 4), whereas that with PGF2 alpha (50 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) four times did not (111.3 +/- 17.2 h, n = 4). The present results indicate that, after laparotomy, the cyclical motor activity recovers faster in the distal intestine than in the proximal intestine and the stomach, and that KW-5139, but not PGF2 alpha, shortens the reappearance time of the phase III activity in the stomach.
Telomere-based crisis: functional differences between telomerase activation and ALT in tumor progression (2003)

Telomerase activation is a common feature of most advanced human cancers and is postulated to restore genomic stability to a level permissive for cell viability and tumor progression. Here, we used genetically defined transformed mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cultures derived from late generation mTerc(-/-) Ink4a/Arf(-/-) mice to explore more directly how telomere-based crisis relates to the evolution of cancer cell genomes and to tumor biology. An exhaustive serial analysis of cytogenetic profiles over extensive passage in culture revealed that the emergence of chromosomal fusions (including dicentrics) coincided with onset of deletions and complex nonreciprocal translocations (NRTs), whereas mTerc-transduced cultures maintained intact chromosomes and stable genomes. Despite a high degree of telomere dysfunction and genomic instability, transformed late passage mTerc(-/-) Ink4a/Arf(-/-) cultures retained the capacity to form subcutaneous tumors in immunocompromised mice. However, even moderate levels of telomere dysfunction completely abrogated the capacity of these cells to form lung metastases after tail-vein injection, whereas mTerc reconstitution alone conferred robust metastatic activity in these cells. Finally, serial subcutaneous tumor formation using late passage transformed mTerc(-/-) Ink4a/Arf(-/-) cultures revealed clear evidence of telomerase-independent alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). Significantly, despite a marked increase in telomere reserve, cells derived from the ALT+ subcutaneous tumors were unable to generate lung metastases, indicating in vivo functional differences in these principal mechanisms of telomere maintenance. Together, these results are consistent with the model that although telomere dysfunction provokes chromosomal aberrations that initiate carcinogenesis, telomerase-mediated telomere maintenance enables such initiated cells to efficiently achieve a fully malignant endpoint, including metastasis.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adolescent and young adults: treat as adults or as children? (2018)

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are recognized as a unique population with specific characteristics and needs. In adolescents age 15 to 20 years, the use of fully pediatric protocols is supported by many comparative studies of pediatric and adult cooperative groups. In young adults, growing evidence suggests that pediatric-inspired or even fully pediatric approaches may also dramatically improve outcomes, leading to long-term survival rates of almost 70%, despite diminishing indications of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. In the last decade, better knowledge of the ALL oncogenic landscape according to age distribution and minimal residual disease assessments has improved risk stratification. New targets have emerged, mostly in the heterogeneous B-other group, particularly in the Philadelphia-like ALL subgroup, which requires both in-depth molecular investigations and specific evaluations of targeted treatments. The remaining gap in the excellent results reported in children has many other contributing factors that should not be underestimated, including late or difficult access to care and/or trials, increased acute toxicities, and poor adherence to treatment. Specific programs should be designed to take into account those factors and finally ameliorate survival and quality of life for AYAs with ALL.
A neurotoxin that specifically targets Anopheles mosquitoes (2019)

Clostridial neurotoxins, including tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins, generally target vertebrates. We show here that this family of toxins has a much broader host spectrum, by identifying PMP1, a clostridial-like neurotoxin that selectively targets anopheline mosquitoes. Isolation of PMP1 from Paraclostridium bifermentans strains collected in anopheline endemic areas on two continents indicates it is widely distributed. The toxin likely evolved from an ancestral form that targets the nervous system of similar organisms, using a common mechanism that disrupts SNARE-mediated exocytosis. It cleaves the mosquito syntaxin and employs a unique receptor recognition strategy. Our research has an important impact on the study of the evolution of clostridial neurotoxins and provides the basis for the use of P. bifermentans strains and PMP1 as innovative, environmentally friendly approaches to reduce malaria through anopheline control.
A review of wind power and wind speed forecasting methods with different time horizons (2010)

In recent years, environmental considerations have prompted the use of wind power as a renewable energy resource. However, the biggest challenge in integrating wind power into the electric grid is its intermittency. One approach to deal with wind intermittency is forecasting future values of wind power production. Thus, several wind power or wind speed forecasting methods have been reported in the literature over the past few years. This paper provides insight on the foremost forecasting techniques, associated with wind power and speed, based on numeric weather prediction (NWP), statistical approaches, artificial neural network (ANN) and hybrid techniques over different time-scales. An overview of comparative analysis of various available forecasting techniques is discussed as well. In addition, this paper further gives emphasis on the major challenges and problems associated with wind power prediction.
Syntheses of Benzimidazoles and Related Compounds. II. Syntheses of 3H-Imidazo [4, 5-f]-and 1H-Imidazo-[5, 4-g] quinolines (1969)

Reactions of 5-aminobenzimidazoles (I) with each crotonaldehyde and methyl propenyl ketonl selectively provided 3H-imidazo [4, 5-f] quinoline derivatives (type-A), whereas reaction of I with ethyl acetoacetate gave a mixture of 3H-imidazo [4, 5-f]-(type-A) and 1H-imidazo [5, 4-g] quinoline derivative (type-B). This result was explained by the stability of σ complex of intermediate.
Robust Watermarking of Video Object for MPEG-4 Applications (2001)

International audience
"금융화"와 미국의 금융위기 (2009)

규모와 영향에 있어서 이전의 금융위기들과는 차원을 달리하고 있는 금번 미국의 금융위기에 대한 정책적 대응은 금융부문에 대한 규제개혁의 강화가 지배적이다. 이것은 금융위기의 핵심을 증권화로 파악한 결과이다. 주택경기 버블과 신용 과잉의 결합으로 양산된 파생상품의 남발이 일차적 원인인 것은 분명하지만 증권화는 미국금융위기의 미국적 특징을 간과하고 있다. 증권화 자체에서만 금융위기의 원인을 찾는 것은 현상적인 처방에 그칠 수 있다. 미국 금융위기의 보다 중요한 원인은 미국기업 자본주의의 변화에서 찾아야 한다. 미국 자본주의의 금융화가 증권화로 대표되는 새로운 형태의 기업과 주주의 이익 추구 형태를 촉진한 결과가 미국의 금융위기이다. 주식 소유의 민주화가 추동한 기업 지배 구조의 변화는 주식 소유자의 이익을 기업 활동의 전면에 부각시켰고, 이러한 변화는 이미 1980년대부터 시작된 것이다. 기관투자가로 대표되는 새로운 거대 주식소유 집단의 등장으로 기업 지배 구조를 규정하는 정치적 관계는 투자자들이 압도적인 영향력 하에서 재편되었다. 미국의 금융위기의 원인이 금융 규제제도의 부재로 인한 금융 체제의 실패라기보다는 미국에서 가장 급격하게 진행되어 온 금융화에서 비롯된 것이면 미국 금융위기에 대한 정책적대응은 매우 어려워질 수 있다. 미국 자본주의의 성격 변화에 따른 기업의 이익 추구방식이 바뀌지 않는다면 기존의 파생상품에 대한 전면적인 규제는 새로운 규제를 회피하려는 새로운 파생상품들을 낳을 수 있고 다시 변이된 형태의 금융체계의 실패와 금융위기로 이어질 수 있을 것이다.