gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro separation of embryonic chick skeletal muscle myoblasts and fibroblasts: comparison of their characteristics. (1994)

The aim of the present experiments was to test two methods of separating myoblasts and fibroblasts (selective plating, differential trypsinization) from chick embryonal skeletal muscle and to compare their characteristics. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, the amount of incorporated [3H]leucine into proteins and incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA were significantly higher in myoblasts than in fibroblasts separated by selective plating. When comparing myoblasts and fibroblasts separated by differential trypsinization, significantly higher ODC activity and greater incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein, but no incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA, were found in myoblasts. Higher ODC activity and greater incorporation of labelled leucine were found in fibroblasts separated by the selective plating than in fibroblasts separated by differential trypsinization. The incorporation of labelled thymidine into DNA was higher in myoblasts separated by selective plating than in myoblasts obtained by differential trypsinization. The method of selective plating appears to be simpler and adequate for obtaining myoblastic and fibroblastic cell cultures with sufficiently low mutual contamination. The method of differential trypsinization involves a more drastic treatment of cells and is more time consuming.
TLR agonists regulate alloresponses and uncover a critical role for donor APCs in allogeneic bone marrow rejection (2008)

Cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) are synthetic ODNs with unmethylated DNA sequences that mimic viral and bacterial DNA and protect against infectious agents and tumor challenge. We show that CpG ODNs markedly accelerated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) lethality by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ligation of host antigen-presenting cells (APCs), dependent upon host IFNgamma but independent of host IL-12, IL-6, or natural killer (NK) cells. Imaging studies showed significantly more green fluorescent protein-positive (GFP(+)) effector T cells in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. In engraftment studies, CpG ODNs promoted allogeneic donor bone marrow (BM) rejection independent of host IFNgamma, IL-12, or IL-6. During the course of these studies, we uncovered a previously unknown and critical role of donor BM APCs in modulating the rejection response. CpG ODNs promoted BM rejection by ligation of donor BM, but not host, TLR9. CpG ODNs did not impair engraftment of TLR9(-/-) BM unless wild-type myeloid (CD11b(+)) but not B-lineage (CD19(+)) BM cells were added to the donor inoculum. The importance of donor BM APCs in modulating the strength of the host antidonor rejection response was underscored by the finding that B7-1/B7-2(-/-) BM was less likely than wild-type BM to be rejected. Collectively, these data offer new insight into the mechanism of alloresponses regulating GVHD and BM rejection.
Robust models of mouse movement on dynamic web search results pages (2013)

Understanding how users examine result pages across a broad range of information needs is critical for search engine design. Cursor movements can be used to estimate visual attention on search engine results page (SERP) components, including traditional snippets, aggregated results, and advertisements. However, these signals can only be leveraged for SERPs where cursor tracking was enabled, limiting their utility for informing the design of new SERPs. In this work, we develop robust, log-based mouse movement models capable of estimating searcher attention on novel SERP arrangements. These models can help improve SERP design by anticipating searchers' engagement patterns given a proposed arrangement. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method using a large set of mouse-tracking data collected from two independent commercial search engines.
Emission Characteristics of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes and Organic Thin-Films with Planar and Corrugated Structures (2010)

In this paper, we review the emission characteristics from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic molecular thin films with planar and corrugated structures. In a planar thin film structure, light emission from OLEDs was strongly influenced by the interference effect. With suitable design of microcavity structure and layer thicknesses adjustment, optical characteristics can be engineered to achieve high optical intensity, suitable emission wavelength, and broad viewing angles. To increase the extraction efficiency from OLEDs and organic thin-films, corrugated structure with micro- and nano-scale were applied. Microstructures can effectively redirects the waveguiding light in the substrate outside the device. For nanostructures, it is also possible to couple out the organic and plasmonic modes, not only the substrate mode.
From Business Intelligence to Competitive Intelligence: Inferring Competitive Measures Using Augmented Site-Centric Data (2011)

Managers routinely seek to understand firm performance relative to the competitors. Recently, competitive intelligence (CI) has emerged as an important area within business intelligence (BI) where the emphasis is on understanding and measuring a firm's external competitive environment. A requirement of such systems is the availability of the rich data about a firm's competitors, which is typically hard to acquire. This paper proposes a method to incorporate competitive intelligence in BI systems by using less granular and aggregate data, which is usually easier to acquire. We motivate, develop, and validate an approach to infer key competitive measures about customer activities without requiring detailed cross-firm data. Instead, our method derives these competitive measures for online firms from simple “site-centric” data that are commonly available, augmented with aggregate data summaries that may be obtained from syndicated data providers. Based on data provided by comScore Networks, we show empirically that our method performs well in inferring several key diagnostic competitive measures—the penetration, market share, and the share of wallet—for various online retailers.
The Effect of Alpha-1 Proteinase Inhibitor on Biomarkers of Elastin Degradation in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: An Analysis of the RAPID/RAPID Extension Trials (2016)

The RAPID (NCT00261833; N=180) and RAPID Extension (NCT00670007; N=140) trials demonstrated significantly reduced lung density decline in patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) receiving alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) versus placebo. Desmosine and isodesmosine (DES/IDES) are unique crosslinkers of mature elastin fibers and are utilized as measures of elastin degradation. The aim of this post-hoc study was to determine the effect of A1PI therapy on DES/IDES levels in patients from RAPID/RAPID Extension. Plasma levels of DES/IDES were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Correlation between changes in DES/IDES levels and computed tomography (CT) lung density decline was assessed. Analysis showed that DES/IDES levels were significantly reduced versus baseline in patients receiving A1PI at all time points, from month 3 through month 48. A significant increase from baseline in DES/IDES was observed with placebo at month 24 (n=54; 0.016; <i>p</i>=0.018). DES/IDES change from baseline was significantly different with A1PI versus placebo at months 3 (-0.021; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.037, 0.004; <i>p</i>=0.026), 12 (-0.040; 95% CI -0.055, 0.025; <i>p</i><0.001), and 24 (-0.052; 95% CI -0.070, 0.034; <i>p</i><0.001). Placebo patients started A1PI therapy at month 24 and showed significant reductions in plasma DES/IDES at months 36 (<i>p</i><0.001) and 48 (<i>p</i><0.001). Reduced elastin degradation was associated with slower lung density decline (<i>p</i>=0.005), correlating a chemical index of therapy with an anatomical index by CT. In conclusion, A1PI therapy reduced elastin degradation, including pulmonary elastin, in patients with AATD. These data support using DES/IDES levels as biomarkers to monitor emphysema progression and treatment response.
Oxidation of Methane to Methanol with Hydrogen Peroxide Using Supported Gold–Palladium Alloy Nanoparticles (2012)

Direct and selective: Supported gold–palladium nanoparticles are active for the oxidation of methane, giving a high selectivity for the formation of methyl hydroperoxide and methanol, using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant (see picture). The optimal methanol selectivity is achieved by performing the reaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide that has been generated in situ from hydrogen and oxygen.
A process for fabricating high current circuits with high interconnect density (2002)

Currently there is no cost-effective technology available for fabricating copper interconnect with thickness greater than 4 mils and large cross-sectional area. In opposition to the photoresist laminate manufacturer's recommended procedure, a thick photoresist layer was achieved by laminating two layers sequentially on a substrate. Procedures for patterning, developing, and stripping die thick photoresist layer were developed. A process for making greater than 4 mil thick copper conductors with an aspect ratio of 1:1 in a 10 mil pitch has been ascertained and its feasibility demonstrated. The new process will give us a significant advantage in designing and producing high current circuits with high interconnect density requiring low conductor resistance for avoiding signal degradation and minimizing power dissipation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Anteroposterior Centering of the Humeral Head on the Glenoid in Vivo (2002)

In that many patients with unstable shoulders demonstrate instability in midrange positions, it is hoped that further study of living shoulders will lead to a more effective understanding of the nonligament mechanisms of shoulder stability and the ways in which these stabilizing mechanisms can be restored.
Synthetic Peptides Identified from Phage-displayed Combinatorial Libraries as Immunodiagnostic Assay Surrogate Quality-Control Targets (2002)

Surrogate peptide controls behave like the native analyte in terms of affinity and specificity. This technology may be especially useful when the native analyte is in short supply.
Methylene blue for malaria in Africa: results from a dose-finding study in combination with chloroquine (2006)

The development of safe, effective and affordable drug combinations against malaria in Africa is a public health priority. Methylene blue (MB) has a similar mode of action as chloroquine (CQ) and has moreover been shown to selectively inhibit the Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase. In 2004, an uncontrolled dose-finding study on the combination MB-CQ was performed in 435 young children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Burkina Faso (CQ monotherapy had a > 50% clinical failure rate in this area in 2003). Three serious adverse events (SAE) occurred of which one was probably attributable to the study medication. In the per protocol safety analysis, there were no dose specific effects. The overall clinical and parasitological failure rates by day 14 were 10% [95% CI (7.5%, 14.0%)] and 24% [95% CI (19.4%, 28.3%)], respectively. MB appears to have efficacy against malaria, but the combination of CQ-MB is clearly not effective in the treatment of malaria in Africa.
The Use of Poetry in the Training of the Ancient Orator (1952)

Thomas Campion in his Observations in the Art of English Poesy remarks: ‘Poesy in all kind of speaking is the chief beginner and maintainer of eloquence, not only helping the ear with the acquaintance of sweet numbers, but also raising the mind to a more high and lofty conceit.’ This comment finds many parallels in treatises on literary criticism and the art of poetry in the English Renaissance, and is singled out for quotation here only because it calls attention to both of the major contributions of poetry to rhetoric, namely assistance in the development of artistic prose (especially when it includes the element of rhythm) and inspiration in the province of Invention.
Load Model Verification, Validation and Calibration Framework by Statistical Analysis on Field Data (2017)

Abstract Accurate load models are critical for power system analysis and operation. A large amount of research work has been done on load modeling. Most of the existing research focuses on developing load models, while little has been done on developing formal load model verification and validation (V&V) methodologies or procedures. Most of the existing load model validation is based on qualitative rather than quantitative analysis. In addition, not all aspects of model V&V problem have been addressed by the existing approaches. To complement the existing methods, this paper proposes a novel load model verification and validation framework that can systematically and more comprehensively examine load model’s effectiveness and accuracy. Statistical analysis, instead of visual check, quantifies the load model’s accuracy, and provides a confidence level of the developed load model for model users. The analysis results can also be used to calibrate load models. The proposed framework can be used as a guidance to systematically examine load models for utility engineers and researchers. The proposed method is demonstrated through analysis of field measurements collected from a utility system.
Image morphing using deformable surfaces (2002)

This paper presents a new image morphing technique using deformable surfaces. Drawbacks of previous techniques are overcome by a physically-based approach which provides an intuitive model for a warp. A warp is derived by two deformable surfaces which specify horizontal and vertical displacements of points on an image. This paper also considers the control of transition behavior in a metamorphosis sequence. The presented technique separates the transition control from interpolating features making it much easier to use than the previous techniques. The multigrid relaxation method is used to compute a deformable surface for a warp or transition rates. This method makes the presented image morphing technique fast enough for an interactive environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Clinical utility and serological connections of anti-RA33 antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. (1994)

The presence of anti-RA33 antibodies appears to identify a subset of patients with SLE.
The solubility of inclusion proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis is dependent upon protoxin composition and is a factor in toxicity to insects (1991)

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai HD133 is one of several strains particularly effective against Plodia interpunctella selected for resistance to B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD1 (Dipel). B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai HD133 produces inclusions containing three protoxins, CryIA(b), CryIC, and CryID, and the CryIC protoxin has been shown to be active on resistant P. interpunctella as well as on Spodoptera larvae. The CryIA(b) protoxin is very similar to the major one in B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD1, and as expected, this protoxin was inactive on resistant P. interpunctella. A derivative of B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai HD133 which had been cured of a 68-kb plasmid containing the cryIA(b) gene produced inclusions comprising only the CryIC and CryID protoxins. Surprisingly, these inclusions were much less toxic for resistant P. interpunctella and two other Lepidoptera than those produced by the parental strain, whereas the soluble protoxins from these strains were equally effective. In contrast, inclusions from the two strains were about as active as soluble protoxins for Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, so toxicity differences between inclusions may be due to the solubilizing conditions within particular larval guts. Consistent with this hypothesis, it was found that a higher pH was required to solubilize protoxins from inclusions from the plasmid-cured strain than from B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai HD133, a difference which is probably attributable to the absence of the CryIA(b) protoxin in the former. The interactions of structurally related protoxins within an inclusion are probably important for solubility and are thus another factor in the effectiveness of B. thuringiensis isolates for particular insect larvae.
Effect of an odor eliminator on feline litter box behavior (2006)

Decreasing litter box odor may be an important treatment component in addressing feline inappropriate elimination. A three-phase study was conducted to determine if the use of Zero Odor litter box spray increases the preference of litter boxes to cats, presumably by its odor-eliminating quality. In the first phase, cats were given a litter box preference test between a litter box sprayed with Zero Odor and one without. In the second phase, the number of occurrences of behaviors indicative of a cat's dissatisfaction with the litter box (scratching at the sides of the box, floor or wall, hesitating when entering the litter box, balancing on the side of the box and eliminating outside of the litter box) was compared before and after the use of Zero Odor. Last, the frequency of eliminations that occurred outside the litter box was measured during a baseline phase and a test phase, in which Zero Odor was sprayed into all litter boxes in the home. Significantly fewer behaviors associated with feline litter box dissatisfaction and fewer undesirable eliminations were observed in phases 2 and 3, respectively. These findings suggest that use of Zero Odor litter box spray appears to decrease litter box odor and increases the attractiveness of litter box to cats.
Boosting Structured Prediction for Imitation Learning (2018)

The Maximum Margin Planning (MMP) (Ratliff et al., 2006) algorithm solves imitation learning problems by learning linear mappings from features to cost functions in a planning domain. The learned policy is the result of minimum-cost planning using these cost functions. These mappings are chosen so that example policies (or trajectories) given by a teacher appear to be lower cost (with a loss- scaled margin) than any other policy for a given planning domain. We provide a novel approach, MMP BOOS T , based on the functional gradient descent view of boosting (Mason et al., 1999; Friedman, 1999a) that extends MMP by “boosting” in new features. This approach uses simple binary classiﬁcation or regression to improve performance of MMP imitation learning, and naturally extends to the class of structured maximum margin prediction problems. (Taskar et al., 2005) Our technique is applied to navigation and planning problems for outdoor mobile robots and robotic legged locomotion.
Analysis of an adaptive observer for sensorless control of PMSM drives (2005)

The paper deals with a speed and position estimation method for the sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The method is based on a speed-adaptive flux observer augmented with a high-frequency signal injection method at low speeds. The dynamics of the adaptive observer are analyzed by linearizing both the motor model and the observer, and the observer gain is selected to give improved damping and noise suppression. The experimental results are in agreement with the results of the analysis.
Sedimentation of Prairie Wetlands (1998)

Many wetlands in the prairie pothole region are embedded within an agricultural landscape where they are subject to varying degrees of siltation. Cultivation of wetland catchment areas has exacerbated soil erosion; wetlands in agricultural fields receive more sediment from upland areas than wetlands in grassland landscapes and hence are subject to premature filling (i.e., they have shorter topographic lives). Associated impacts from increased turbidity, sediment deposition, and increased surface water input likely have impaired natural wetland functions. Although trapping of sediments by wetlands is often cited as a water quality benefit, sediment input from agricultural fields has potential to completely fill wetlands and shorten their effective life-span. Thus, the value placed on wetlands to trap sediments is in conflict with maximizing the effective topographic life of wetlands. Herein, we provide an overview of sedimentation, identify associated impacts on wetlands, and suggest remedial management strategies. We also highlight the need to evaluate the impact of agricultural practices on wetland functions from an interdisciplinary approach to facilitate development of best management practices that benefit both wetland and agricultural interests.
Detection efficiency of energy‐dispersive detectors with low‐energy windows (2005)

Abstract Energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry offers the opportunity for fast composition determination of specimens by X‐ray fluorescence or electron probe microanalysis. For fundamental parameter based quantification, the knowledge of the detection efficiency of the spectrometer is essential. At low energies the efficiency is strongly influenced by X‐ray absorption in the radiation entrance window. State‐of‐the‐art windows consist of polymer foil containing C, N, and O, coated with Al and in some cases with a special B compound. The foil is supported by a Si grid to withstand the atmosphere pressure. The absorption of all these components must be known to describe the detection efficiency. The transmittance of three types of widely used commercial windows has been measured. Transmittance curves have been fitted by analytical expressions using tabulated mass absorption coefficients. Because tabulated mass absorption coefficients do not consider near edge effects, there are strong deviations between measured and calculated transmittance below 0.6 keV. It is proposed to model the spectrometer efficiency by the measured window transmittance and calculated absorptions from front contact and possible contaminations. This reduces the number of unknown parameters drastically. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Status of Remote Sensing of the Troposphere (1972)

This paper attempts to summarize the status of remote sensing of the troposphere. It opens with a statement of the need for remote sensing and identifies the potential advantages inherent to such techniques. The main material is in the form of a series of tables which identify the stage of development of each method (acoustic, radio, or optical) for the measurement of the different meteorological parameters relevant to the troposphere. The tables are used to differentiate between those capabilities which as yet are limited to the boundary layer, and those applicable to the full height range of the troposphere; and also between those techniques which are limited to clear air as opposed to those which can operate in the presence of cloud particles and/or precipitation. Examples of the current capabilities of various active and passive acoustic, optical, and radio remote sensing systems are presented in the form of figures, primarily from the work of the Wave Propagation Laboratory.
La experiencia de desarrollo del modelo Housing First en el municipio de El Franco (2019)

En el municipio occidental asturiano de El Franco se esta llevando a cabo el prog
que se pretende acercar al area rural una nueva metodologia de interve
sinhogarismo. Su innovacion, la implicacion de la administracion local, autonomic
el programa han hecho posible que dos personas accedan de forma estable a un espacio normalizado de convivencia e inicien un proc
personal e insercion sociocomunitaria mejorando con ello su calidad de vida.
Por ultimo es importante senalar que el programa es la primera iniciativa HF en el medio rural y ha sido premiado en el II Concurso de B
Vivienda promovido por la Consejeria de Servicios y Derechos Sociales, por su caracter innovador y la alta implicacion de la comunidad