gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of .BETA.-SiC micropatterns from a facile replication process (2011)

Fine-structured β-SiC ceramic patterns were successfully fabricated from a facile replication route using Si mold as the master structure, PVA as the binding agent and nanosized β-SiC powder as the raw material. After slurry deposition and drying, the patterns were integrally transferred from the Si mold to the coating samples. The intact micropatterns were maintained up to 1500°C without obvious shrinkage. The samples exhibit nearly net-sized feature of 1.7 µm after drying and sintering. This net-sized structure is a great advantage of β-SiC patterns over the counterparts of oxide ceramic materials. All samples are in nanosized porous structure with narrowly distributed pore sizes.
Self-similar grid patterns in free-space shuffle–exchange networks (1993)

The concept of self-similar grid patterns is introduced. These patterns are proposed as an alternative to rectangular grids for arraying the optoelectronic sources and detectors of smart pixels used in free-space shuffle–exchange networks. For large processing element arrays, in medium- and coarse-grained parallel computing applications the required smart pixel arrays will likely cover several optoelectronic chips. In this case, self-similar grid patterns are shown to provide a better match to the geometry of multichip modules, thereby overcoming the packaging constraints associated with rectangular grids.
Value of clinical provocative tests in carpal tunnel syndrome. (1995)

The value of five provocative tests for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was assessed in four groups: 54 hands with confirmed CTS, 12 with typical symptoms but normal electrophysiological studies, 16 hands in persons with diabetes and 81 hands in normal controls. Compared to normal controls the Tinel sign and the closed first test are highly specific; Durkan's compression test is not useful to discriminate between symptomatic patients with and without EMG disturbances. The closed fist test is specific in these situations.
Effective immunity to dental caries: dose-dependent studies of secretory immunity by oral administration of Streptococcus mutans to rats (1978)

Rats (COBS/CD) provided Formalin-killed Streptococcus mutans 6715, C211 in their drinking water (10(8) to 10(9) equivalent colony-forming units [CFU] per ml) had high levels of specific antibodies in saliva, colostrum, and milk. Rats provided a lower concentration of S. mutans antigen (10(7) CFU per ml) in water had agglutinin titers in secretions that were similar to those in controls. Gnotobiotic rats provided S. mutans antigen in food (10(7) to 10(8) equivalent CFU per g of diet) manifested a secretory immune response as evidenced by the presence of specific immunoglobulin A antibodies in saliva, colostrum, and milk. Gnotobiotic rats provided a higher concentration of antigen (10(9) CFU per g) in food had levels of specific antibodies in their secretions that were similar to those in controls. No significant antibody activity to S. mutans was observed in sera of any group of animals. Furthermore, the presence of specific salivary immunoglobulin A antibodies in gnotobiotic rats correlated with a reduction in the level of plaque, numbers of viable S. mutans in plaque, and levels of S. mutans-induced dental caries. This paper discusses the importance of antigen dosage for induction of a secretory immune response that is protective against S. mutans-induced dental caries.
Approximate RBF Kernel SVM and Its Applications in Pedestrian Classification (2008)

International audience
Electrospray deposition of carbon nanotubes in vacuum (2007)

Here we report on a novel and effective technique for the deposition of carbon nanotubes onto surfaces in vacuum directly from a liquid suspension. The technique, based on in-vacuum electrospray ionization, has the potential to bridge the gap between high resolution techniques requiring ultra-high vacuum conditions, and non-volatile molecules and nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes. Atomic force microscopy of double-walled nanotubes deposited onto silicon surfaces in vacuum show individual nanotubes and low density bundles.
Inverse-Transform AutoEncoder for Anomaly Detection (2019)

Reconstruction-based methods have recently shown great promise for anomaly
detection. We here propose a new transform-based framework for anomaly
detection. A selected set of transformations based on human priors is used to
erase certain targeted information from input data. An inverse-transform
autoencoder is trained with the normal data only to embed corresponding erased
information during the restoration of the original data. The normal and
anomalous data are thus expected to be differentiable based on restoration
errors. Extensive experiments have demonstrated that the proposed method
significantly outperforms several state-of-the-arts on multiple benchmark
datasets, especially on ImageNet, increasing the AUROC of the top-performing
baseline by 10.1%. We also evaluate our method on a real-world anomaly
detection dataset MVTec AD and a video anomaly detection dataset ShanghaiTech
to validate the effectiveness of the method in real-world environments.
Postglacial history of alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in the British Isles (1990)

Abstract Data from 92 postglacial pollen sequences are used to map the spread and increase of alder ( Alnus glutinosa ) across the British Isles between 9000 and 5000 years ago. The spread is found to be patchy and erratic in space and time. Consideration of the habitat requirements and reproductive ecology of alder suggest that it spread within Britain and Ireland after about 10 000 yr BP, when suitable habitat for it was scarce. Alder spread across most of Britain and Ireland early in the postglacial but only increased in abundance as (i) suitable habitat became available through changing sea levels, hydroseral successions, and floodplain development, and as (ii) rare weather events produced the necessary conditions for reproduction. Alder is unique among British and Irish trees in its requirement for a suitable habitat isolated among expanses of unsuitable habitats. Because of this, maps of its postglacial population spread and increase do not show the spatial coherence of maps for other forest tree taxa.
Immunotherapy and Vaccines (2000)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 1.1. Historical Aspects 1.2. Principles and Definitions 1.2.1. Antigens 1.2.2. Antibodies 1.2.3. Immune Response 1.2.4. Active Immunization 1.2.5. Passive Immunization 1.2.6. Genetic Engineering 2. Bacterial Vaccines 2.1. Diphtheria Vaccine 2.2. Tetanus Vaccine 2.3. Pertussis Vaccine 2.4. Typhoid Fever Vaccine 2.5. Streptococcus pneumoniae Vaccine 2.6. Shigella Vaccines 2.7. CholeraVaccine 2.8. Vaccines Against Nosocomial Pathogenes 2.9. Meningococcal Meningitis Vaccine 2.10. Tuberculosis Vaccine 2.11. Escherichia coli Vaccines 2.12. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Vaccine 2.13. Hemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccines 3. Viral vaccines 3.1. Measles Vaccine 3.2. Mumps Vaccine 3.3. Rubella Vaccine 3.4. Combined Measles ‐ Mumps ‐ RubellaVaccine 3.5. Polio vaccine 3.6. Hepatitis b Vaccine 3.7. Rabies Vaccine 3.8. Influenza Vaccine 3.9. Varicella Vaccine 3.10. Yellow Fever Vaccine 3.11. Tick‐Borne Encephalitis Vaccine 3.12. Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine 3.13. Smallpox Vaccine 3.14. Rift Valley Fever Vaccine 4. Vaccines against Parasites 4.1. Vaccines against Helminths 4.1.1. Vaccines against Schistosoma 4.1.2. Vaccines against Nematodes 4.1.2.1. Gastrointestinal Nematodes 4.1.2.2. Tissue‐Invading Nematodes (Filariidae) 4.1.3. Vaccines against Cestodes 4.2. Malaria Vaccine 4.2.1. Strategy for Malaria Vaccine Development 4.2.2. Sporozoite Vaccines 4.2.3. Asexual Blood Stage Vaccine 4.2.3.1. Merozoite Surface Antigens 4.2.3.2. Rhoptry antigens 4.2.3.3. Antigens Associated with the Membrane of Infected Erythrocytes 4.2.3.4. Other Proteins and Synthetic Peptides 4.2.4. Sexual Stages‐Transmission Blocking Immunity 5. Immunotherapy 5.1. Gamma Globulin Preparations 5.1.1. <jats:st
Low-bitrate distributed speech recognition for packet-based and wireless communication (2002)

We present a framework for developing source coding, channel coding and decoding as well as erasure concealment techniques adapted for distributed (wireless or packet-based) speech recognition. It is shown that speech recognition as opposed to speech coding, is more sensitive to channel errors than channel erasures, and appropriate channel coding design criteria are determined. For channel decoding, we introduce a novel technique for combining at the receiver soft decision decoding with error detection. Frame erasure concealment techniques are used at the decoder to deal with unreliable frames. At the recognition stage, we present a technique to modify the recognition engine itself to take into account the time-varying reliability of the decoded feature after channel transmission. The resulting engine, referred to as weighted Viterbi recognition, further improves the recognition accuracy. Together, source coding, channel coding and the modified recognition engine are shown to provide good recognition accuracy over a wide range of communication channels with bit rates of 1.2 kbps or less.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Post-error Slowing (2015)

People tend to slow down after they commit an error, a phenomenon known as post-error slowing (PES). It has been proposed that slowing after negative feedback or unforeseen errors is linked to the activity of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system, but there is little direct evidence for this hypothesis. Here, we assessed the causal role of the noradrenergic system in modulating PES by applying transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), a new noninvasive and safe method to stimulate the vagus nerve and to increase NE concentrations in the brain. A single-blind, sham-controlled, between-group design was used to assess the effect of tVNS in healthy young volunteers (n = 40) during two cognitive tasks designed to measure PES. Results showed increased PES during active tVNS, as compared with sham stimulation. This effect was of similar magnitude for the two tasks. These findings provide evidence for an important role of the noradrenergic system in PES.
A New Symbolic Channel Router: YACR2 (1985)

YACR2 is a channel router that minimizes the number of through vias in addition to the area used to complete the routing in a two-layer channel. It can route channels with cyclic constraints and uses a virtual grid. YACR2 uses preferably one layer for the horizontal segments of the nets and the other for the vertical ones but it may require the routing of a few horizontal segments in the second layer. Experimentally YACR2 performs better than any of the channel routers proposed thus far both in terms of area used and through vias. It routed the Deutsch Difficult Example in density with substantially less vias than Burstein's hierarchical router and with the default parameter values in less than 3 s of CPU time on a VAX 11/780.
RETRACTED: Disruption of the gene (<i>spo0A</i>) encoding sporulation transcription factor blocks endospore formation and enterotoxin production in enterotoxigenic <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type A (2004)

This study identified a functional spo0A ORF in enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens type A. To evaluate the function of spo0A, an isogenic spo0A knock-out mutant was constructed. The spo0A mutant was unable to form endospores and produce enterotoxin, however, these defects could be restored by complementing the mutant with a recombinant plasmid carrying the wildtype spo0A gene. These results provide evidence that spo0A expression is essential for sporulation and enterotoxin production in C. perfringens.
METRIC CALIBRATION OF A FOCUSED PLENOPTIC CAMERA BASED ON A 3D CALIBRATION TARGET (2016)

In this paper we present a new calibration approach for focused plenoptic cameras. We derive a new mathematical projection model of a focused plenoptic camera which considers lateral as well as depth distortion. Therefore, we derive a new depth distortion model directly from the theory of depth estimation in a focused plenoptic camera. In total the model consists of five intrinsic parameters, the parameters for radial and tangential distortion in the image plane and two new depth distortion parameters. In the proposed calibration we perform a complete bundle adjustment based on a 3D calibration target. The residual of our optimization approach is three dimensional, where the depth residual is defined by a scaled version of the inverse virtual depth difference and thus conforms well to the measured data. Our method is evaluated based on different camera setups and shows good accuracy. For a better characterization of our approach we evaluate the accuracy of virtual image points projected back to 3D space.
Pattern Based Network Security Using Semi-supervised Learning (2012)

Network security is becoming increasingly important in today’s internet-worked systems. With development of internet, its use on public networks, number and severity of security threats has increased significantly. Intrusion Detection System can provide a layer of security to these systems. Intrusion Detection can be defined as the act of detecting actions that attempt to compromise confidentiality, integrity or availability of a resource”. More specifically, goal of intrusion detection system is to identify entities who attempt to subvert in-place security controls. At present, two fundamental problems, quantity and quality of outputs i.e. false alarms or alerts of IDS, have not been solved well.  The pattern of attack changes frequently. Thus IDS should upgrade accordingly. The changes in patterns are mainly manifestations of attack. Pattern based IDS provides very low false alarms as compare to heuristic/anomaly based IDS. In real world it is very difficult to have large labeled data for training. Supervised approach can't be used in this case. So in this work we propose a semi-supervised approach for pattern based IDS. Our approach uses supervised algorithm as a black box and then filters unlabelled data with predicted label for training system. The experimentation is performed on KDD CUP99 dataset and NSL KDD data which is revised KDD CUP 99 data.
An approach to multibeam covariance matrices for adaptive beamforming in ultrasonography (2012)

Medical ultrasound imaging systems are often based on transmitting, and recording the backscatter from, a series of focused broadband beams with overlapping coverage areas. When applying adaptive beamforming, a separate array covariance matrix for each image sample is usually formed. The data used to estimate any one of these covariance matrices is often limited to the recorded backscatter from a single transmitted beam, or that of some adjacent beams through additional focusing at reception. We propose to form, for each radial distance, a single covariance matrix covering all of the beams. The covariance matrix is estimated by combining the array samples after a sequenced time delay and phase shift. The time delay is identical to that performed in conventional delay-and-sum beamforming. The performance of the proposed approach in conjunction with the Capon beamformer is studied on both simulated data of scenes consisting of point targets and recorded ultrasound phantom data from a specially adapted commercial scanner. The results show that the proposed approach is more capable of resolving point targets and gives better defined cyst-like structures in speckle images compared with the conventional delay-and-sum approach. Furthermore, it shows both an increased robustness to noise and an increased ability to resolve point-like targets compared with the more traditional per-beam Capon beamformer.
Exploiting memristance for implementing spike-time-dependent-plasticity in neuromorphic nanotechnology systems (2009)

Comunicación presentada al: "DCIS'09" celebrado en Zaragoza y organizado por la Universidad de Zaragoza (Unizar) del 18 al 20 de Noviembre del 2009.
Factors Affecting Triamineoxidease: I. Inhibition of the Enzyme (1945)

Ammonium hydroxide and glycogen have little effect on the formation of trimethylamine from trimethylamine oxide by washed cells of bacteria isolated from fish. Indole, skatole and hydrogen sulphide partially inhibit the enzyme. Partial inhibition can also be effected with cyanide and azide. The necessity in this system of a hydrogen carrier other than the dehydrogenase activating the oxidizable substrate is suggested.
Theoretical and experimental studies of cavity-backed slot antenna excited by a narrow strip (1993)

Theoretical and experimental studies of a cavity-backed slot antenna excited internally by a suspended narrow strip are undertaken. Coupled integral equations are developed to compute the electric field distribution in the slot and the surface current distribution on the strip. The input impedance of the cavity at the feeding point on the strip has been computed theoretically and measured experimentally. The impedance data, being a function of cavity dimension, slot length, strip length, and frequency, can be polyfitted and used to implement a systematic design procedure to construct a planar array of these slots.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Endoprotease Profiling with Double-Tagged Peptide Substrates: A New Diagnostic Approach in Oncology (2010)

The introduction of a few structural key elements (affinity tags, linkers, d-amino acids) into synthetic reporter peptides increases the diagnostic sensitivity for MS-based protease profiling of serum specimens. This new approach might lead to functional MS-based protease profiling for improved disease classification.
Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure by Application of l-Arginine Gel: A Phase II Study in 15 Patients (2005)

Local application of L-arginine promotes fissure healing without headache as a side effect, and L-arginine is effective even in patients not responding to isosorbide dinitrate treatment.
Synthesis, characterisation and spectroscopic properties of ruthenium(II)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine coordination triades X-ray structures of 4'-(N,N-dimethylamino)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and bis(4'-(N,N-dimethylamino)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate acetonitrile solvate (1992)

The synthesis of all twenty-one possible homoleptic and heteroleptic [Ru(Xtpy)(Ytpy)]2+ compounds from the 4'-substituted-2,2':6',2-terpyridines (tpy, Cltpy, EtOtpy, HOtpy, Me2Ntpy and Phtpy) is described. The synthesis of the ligands EtOtpy and Me2Ntpy is described in detail, the latter being prepared by a metal-mediated nucleophilic displacement of halide from [Fe(Cltpy)2]2+ followed by demetallation. The H-1 NMR properties of the complexes are discussed in detail, as are their electrochemical properties. The redox properties are correlated with a new Hammett parameter, sigma', which is defined for the ligand set. Deprotonation reactions of the HOtpy complexes have been investigated. The crystal and molecular structures of the free ligand Me2Ntpy (C17H16N4, orthorhombic, space group Pnab, a = 7.857(2)angstrom, b = 10.318(2) angstrom, c = 17.555(4) angstrom, V = 1423 angstrom3 and Z = 4) and the complex [Ru(Me2Ntpy)2] [PF6]2.MeCN (C36H35N9P2F12Ru, monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 11.801(4) angstrom, b = 25.335(8) angstrom, c = 14.874(4) angstrom, beta = 107.64(2)-degrees, V = 4238 angstrom3 and Z = 4) are described.
Correlation between preferred sugar ring conformation and activity of nucleoside analogues against human immunodeficiency virus. (1989)

Analysis of the solid-state conformations of six active and two inactive anti-human immunodeficiency virus nucleoside analogues is used to correlate conformational features with the relative activities of the compounds. Ten of the 11 observations of the active compounds (3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy-5-ethyluridine, 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine, and 3'-deoxythymidine) have C3'-exo sugar ring conformations. The only exception is one of the two molecules of 3'-deoxythymidine. Four have unusual low anti glycosyl link conformations coupled with unusual C3'-exo/C4'-endo sugar ring conformations. The inactive compounds, 2',3'-dideoxyuridine and 3'-(propyl-2-ene)-2',3'-dideoxyuridine, have C3'-endo conformations. The C3'-exo and C3'-endo conformations place C5' in axial and equatorial positions, respectively. This affects the location of the 5'-hydroxyl group in relation to the location of the base. The 5'-hydroxyl group is the site of phosphorylation of the nucleoside and the observation of this conformational preference of the active compounds may be of importance for the development of new nucleosides with activity against human immunodeficiency virus.
Hyaluronan, a Crucial Regulator of Inflammation (2014)

Hyaluronan (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a key role in regulating inflammation. Inflammation is associated with accumulation and turnover of HA polymers by multiple cell types. Increasingly through the years, HA has become recognized as an active participant in inflammatory, angiogenic, fibrotic, and cancer promoting processes. HA and its binding proteins regulate the expression of inflammatory genes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory cytokines, and can attenuate the course of inflammation, providing protection against tissue damage. A growing body of evidence suggests the cell responses are HA molecular weight dependent. HA fragments generated by multiple mechanisms throughout the course of inflammatory pathologies, elicit cellular responses distinct from intact HA. This review focuses on the role of HA in the promotion and resolution of inflammation.
Development of Highly Active and Regioselective Catalysts for the Copolymerization of Epoxides with Cyclic Anhydrides: An Unanticipated Effect of Electronic Variation (2016)

Recent developments in polyester synthesis have established several systems based on zinc, chromium, cobalt, and aluminum catalysts for the ring-opening alternating copolymerization of epoxides with cyclic anhydrides. However, to date, regioselective processes for this copolymerization have remained relatively unexplored. Herein we report the development of a highly active, regioselective system for the copolymerization of a variety of terminal epoxides and cyclic anhydrides. Unexpectedly, electron withdrawing substituents on the salen framework resulted in a more redox stable Co(III) species and longer catalyst lifetime. Using enantiopure propylene oxide, we synthesized semicrystalline polyesters via the copolymerization of a range of epoxide/anhydride monomer pairs.