gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microarray analysis and RNA silencing link fra-1 to cd44 and c-met expression in mesothelioma. (2003)

Malignant mesothelioma is a cancer with poor prognosis associated with exposures to asbestos. The mechanisms of asbestos-induced mesotheliomas are unclear, and studies are required to find diagnostic tools and therapies to improve the survival rates of patients. After oligonucleotide microarray analysis (Affymetrix array) of normal rat pleural mesothelial (RPM) cells, RPM cells exposed to crocidolite asbestos, and rat mesotheliomas, subsets of genes that changed in expression were categorized, including the highly up-regulated, early response proto-oncogene, fra-1. Increases in fra-1 in both rat and human mesotheliomas and a subset of genes common to both asbestos-exposed RPM cells and mesotheliomas that mimicked fra-1 patterns of expression were subsequently confirmed using real-time quantitative PCR. Using RNA interference technology, fra-1 gene silenced RPM cells were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR for the expression of possible fra-1-regulated genes. Results reveal that induction of cd44 and c-met is causally linked to fra-1 expression, connecting fra-1 with genes governing cell motility and invasion in mesothelioma. These studies suggest that inhibition of fra-1 signaling pathways may be a strategy for therapy of malignant mesothelioma.
Edge-enabled Distributed Network Measurement (2018)

In the area of network monitoring and measurement a number of good tools are already available. However, most mature tools do not account for changes in network management brought about through Software Defined Networking (SDN). New tools developed to address the SDN paradigm often lack both observation scope and performance scale to support distributed management of accelerated measurement devices, high-throughput network processing, and distributed network function monitoring. In this paper we present an approach to distributed network monitoring and management using an agent-based edge computing framework. In addition, we provide a number of real-world examples where this system has been put into practice.
Determination of Cognitive Hemispheric Lateralization by “Functional” Transcranial Doppler Cross-Validated by Functional MRI (1999)

Background and Purpose —Changes of blood flow velocity in the right and left middle cerebral artery (MCA) induced by cognitive demands are detectable by means of “functional” transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD). Functional MRI (fMRI) is an alternative method for mapping brain activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether fTCD can detect hemispheric lateralization and to cross-validate fTCD with fMRI. Methods —Bilateral continuous MCA monitoring of 14 healthy, right-handed subjects with TCD was performed while the subjects underwent a visuospatial task, and the hemispheric blood flow velocity shift was calculated. Identical stimulus and response patterns were used in fMRI. Blood oxygenation level–dependent fMRI was performed with the use of a gradient-echo echo-planar sequence on a 1.5-T scanner. Statistical maps were computed on a voxel-by-voxel basis, hemispheric ratios for activated pixels were computed, and a group study was performed separately for the male and female subgroups. Results —Statistical analyses ( t test) showed a significantly higher mean peak blood flow velocity increase ( P <0.05) of the right MCA (111.3±7.0%) compared with the left MCA (107.1±6.1%). fMRI demonstrated bilateral activation in the superior parietal lobulus (Brodmann area 7) with a right/left ratio of 1.95. Concordant differences between the female and male subgroups could be visualized with both methods. Conclusions —Both methods succeeded in discriminating a blood flow shift to the right hemisphere induced by a complex cognitive visuospatial task. fMRI cross-validates the findings of fTCD. Our study suggests that fTCD can investigate the close relationship between brain activity and blood flow and lateralize higher cognitive functions reliably.
Blood‐brain barrier permeability in rats is altered by exposure to magnetic fields associated with magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T (1994)

We have previously reported that exposure of rats to low-field (0.15 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. However, a number of investigators have failed to observe this effect when high-field MRI (1.5 T or higher) is used. Therefore, we investigated whether or not we would observe changes using our technique at these higher fields. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetised and then exposed to a 22.5 min imaging or sham procedure. Immediately following exposure, rats were injected with 1 MBq of 153Gd-DTPA intracardially and then immediately re-exposed for an additional 22.5 min. The rats were killed 1h following the second MRI exposure, at which time the brain was resected and 3 ml of venous blood collected. The ratio of radioactivity per gram of brain to radioactivity per milliliter of blood, known as the brain-blood partition coefficient, was determined and used as a measure of BBB permeability. Groups of animals had different exposures. Group 1 (n = 9) was exposed to a clinically relevant MRI procedure. Group 2 (n = 20) was exposed to the same procedure except the rf specific absorption rate (SAR) was reduced to 25% and the animals were positioned 15 cm from imager centre to increase the time-varying magnetic field from 0.4 to 2.8 T/s. For the sham exposures (n = 21), the animals were placed in the imager with the static field ramped down to zero and exposed to a sound recording simulating a MRI examination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Line 211 spring wheat (2002)

Red-seeded spring wheat germplasm line 211 has high levels of seed dormancy. Its agronomic performance is comparable to that of the cultivars Katepwa and AC Domain. Line 211 has a heavier kernel with soft endosperm texture. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., germplasm, seed dormancy, pre-harvest sprouting resistance
Effect of core boundary curvature on the confinement losses of hollow antiresonant fibers (2013)

We use numerical simulations to investigate how the curvature of the fiber core boundary influences the attenuation of hollow antiresonant fibers. We show the importance of a "negative" curvature core boundary in reducing confinement losses and also how, for certain curvatures, optical power is coupled resonantly to cladding modes. We simulate bending losses and find results in agreement with previously-reported experiments.
Parallel visualization of gigabyte datasets in GeoFEM (2002)

Abstract An initial overview of parallel visualization in the GeoFEM software system is provided. Our visualization subsystem offers many kinds of parallel visualization methods for the users to visualize their huge finite‐element analysis datasets for scalar, vector and/or tensor fields at a reasonable cost. A polygonal simplification scheme is developed to make the transmission and rendition of output graphic primitives more efficient. A salient feature of the subsystem lies in its capability in the automatic setting of visualization parameter values based on the analysis of scalar/flow field topology and volumetric coherence, to improve the quality of visualization results with a minimized number of batch re‐executions. Representative experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of our subsystem. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of Strategies for Improving Proteolytic Resistance of Antimicrobial Peptides by Using Variants of EFK17, an Internal Segment of LL-37 (2008)

Methods for increasing the proteolytic stability of EFK17 (EFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLV), a new peptide sequence with antimicrobial properties derived from LL-37, were evaluated. EFK17 was modified by four d-enantiomer or tryptophan (W) substitutions at known protease cleavage sites as well as by terminal amidation and acetylation. The peptide variants were studied in terms of proteolytic resistance, antibacterial potency, and cytotoxicity but also in terms their adsorption at model lipid membranes, liposomal leakage generation, and secondary-structure behavior. The W substitutions resulted in a marked reduction in the proteolytic degradation caused by human neutrophil elastase, Staphylococcus aureus aureolysin, and V8 protease but not in the degradation caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. For the former two endoproteases, amidation and acetylation of the terminals also reduced proteolytic degradation but only when used in combination with W substitutions. The d-enantiomer substitutions rendered the peptides indigestible by all four proteases; however, those peptides displayed little antimicrobial potency. The W- and end-modified peptides, on the other hand, showed an increased bactericidal potency compared to that of the native peptide sequence, coupled with a moderate cytotoxicity that was largely absent in serum. The bactericidal, cytotoxic, and liposome lytic properties correlated with each other as well as with the amount of peptide adsorbed at the lipid membrane and the extent of helix formation associated with the adsorption. The lytic properties of the W-substituted peptides were less impaired by increased ionic strength, presumably by a combination of W-mediated stabilization of the largely amphiphilic helix conformation and a nonelectrostatic W affinity for the bilayer interface. Overall, W substitutions constitute an interesting means to reduce the proteolytic susceptibility of EFK17 while also improving antimicrobial performance.
Precision Crack-off of Brittle Materials (1988)

A phenomenon called the “pinch-off effect” discovered by P. W. Bridgman about seventy five years ago that constituted a mode of failure in his high pressure equipment may be used to advantage to cleave brittle materials with potentially high precision, This paper discusses the nature of this phenomenon, how to estimate the required fluid pressure, requirements for successful use, and some possible applications.
Liquid Metal Liner Implosion Systems with Blade Lattice for Fusion (1980)

In this paper, the liquid liner implosion systems with the blade lattice is proposed for the rotational stabilization of the liner inner surface which is facing a plasma in a fusion reactor. The blades are electrically conducting and inclined to the radial direction. Its major function is either acceleration or deceleration of the liner in the azimuthal direction. This system enables us to exclude the rotary mechanism for the liner rotation. In this system, the liner is formed as an annular flow of a liquid metal (the waterfall concept). Results show that there is no significant difference of the energy cost for the stabilization compared with the earlier proposed system where a liner is rotated rigidly before implosion. Furthermore, the application of the rotating blade lattice makes it possible to reduce the rotational kinetic energy required for the stabilization at turnaround, where the lattice acts as an impeller in the initial liner rotation. There is an optimum blade angle to maximize the compressed magnetic field energy inside the liner for a given driving energy.
Analysis of the Injection of Urea-Water-Solution for Automotive SCR DeNOx-Systems: Modeling of Two-Phase Flow and Spray/Wall-Interaction (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) based on urea-water-solution is an effective technique to reduce nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) emitted from diesel engines. A 3D numerical computer model of the injection of urea-water-solution and their interaction with the exhaust gas flow and exhaust tubing is developed to evaluate different configurations during the development process of such a DeNOx-system. The model accounts for all relevant processes appearing from the injection point to the entrance of the SCR-catalyst:</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ul class="list disc"> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">momentum interaction between gas phase and droplets</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">evaporation and thermolysis of droplets</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">hydrolysis of isocyanic acid in gas phase</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">heat transfer between wall and droplets</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">spray/wall-interaction</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">two-component wall film including interaction with gas phase and exhaust tube</div></li> </ul> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The single modeling steps are verified with visualizations, patternator measurements, phase-doppler-anemometer results and temperature measurements. CFD simulations of a SCR DeNOx-system are compared to experimental data to determine the decomposition parameters for urea-water-solution droplets. Numerical results for an injection including all processes addressed above are discussed.</div>
Graphene prepared via a novel pyridine–thermal strategy for capacitive deionization (2012)

A novel pyridine–thermal strategy for successive exfoliation and reduction of graphite oxide with the use of pyridine as the intercalating agent and dispersant is reported, and the obtained graphene exhibits a good performance in capacitive deionization.
Apple, Evaluation of Savey and Plictran for Mite Control, 1986 (1987)

Abstract No dormant oil was applied to trees used in this test. Tree rates of Savey and 1 rate of Plictran were evaluated for control of ERM and TSSM on an 11-year-old orchard at Clarksville, AR. Four replications of single tree plots were used for each treatment in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied 25 Mar (Pink) and 20 Jun (mites exceeding 2/apple leaf) to runoff (ca. 2 gal/tree) using a hydraulic sprayer at 250 psi with a handgun. Leaf samples (25/tree) were brushed on a Henderson-McBurnie leaf brushing machine and records were made of the number of eggs, immatures and adults of ERM and TSSM.
Abrupt Motion Tracking Via Intensively Adaptive Markov-Chain Monte Carlo Sampling (2011)

The robust tracking of abrupt motion is a challenging task in computer vision due to its large motion uncertainty. While various particle filters and conventional Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been proposed for visual tracking, these methods often suffer from the well-known local-trap problem or from poor convergence rate. In this paper, we propose a novel sampling-based tracking scheme for the abrupt motion problem in the Bayesian filtering framework. To effectively handle the local-trap problem, we first introduce the stochastic approximation Monte Carlo (SAMC) sampling method into the Bayesian filter tracking framework, in which the filtering distribution is adaptively estimated as the sampling proceeds, and thus, a good approximation to the target distribution is achieved. In addition, we propose a new MCMC sampler with intensive adaptation to further improve the sampling efficiency, which combines a density-grid-based predictive model with the SAMC sampling, to give a proposal adaptation scheme. The proposed method is effective and computationally efficient in addressing the abrupt motion problem. We compare our approach with several alternative tracking algorithms, and extensive experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed method in dealing with various types of abrupt motions.
VWF-Cleaving Protease ADAMTS13 Reduces Brain Injury Following Ischemic Stroke in Mice: Essential Role for VWF in Stroke (2008)

Abstract Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability. The only approved therapy available is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), but its use remains limited. Therefore, there is a need for an alternative drug. Platelets and their adhesion receptors play a crucial role in modulating infarct size during ischemic stroke. ADAMTS13 (A Disintegrin-like And Metalloprotease with Thrombospondin type I repeats-13) is a plasma metalloprotease that cleaves von Willebrand factor (VWF) an important adhesion molecule for platelets at sites of vascular injury. In patients, an increase in circulating levels of VWF and a decrease in ADAMTS13 activity are considered risk factors for ischemic stroke. By using genetically-modified mice we have previously shown that ADAMTS13 down regulates both thrombosis and inflammation and recombinant human ADAMTS13 down regulates platelet thrombi in injured arterioles. All these processes were dependent on VWF. We therefore hypothesize that ADAMTS13 has a protective role after ischemic stroke. In this study, we show that VWF deficiency or VWF heterozygosity in mice reduces infarct volume by two-fold after focal cerebral ischemia compared to wild-type (WT) in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model. Furthermore, infusion of recombinant human VWF in WT mice not only accelerates thrombosis in the ferric-chloride injured artery model, but also increases infarct volume compared to vehicle-treated controls. These findings suggest an essential role of VWF in modulating infarction after stroke. We also show that ADAMTS13 deficiency in mice results in approximately 20% larger infarcts after cerebral ischemia compared to WT. The larger infarcts observed in ADAMTS13 deficient mice were due to VWF because mice deficient in both ADAMTS13 and VWF had infarct sizes similar to VWF deficient mice. Importantly, infusion of r-human ADAMTS13 immediately before reperfusion (two hour after occlusion) significantly reduced infarct volume (106.2 ± 9.7 mm3 vs 75.8 ± 6.9 mm3, P&lt;0.05). Of note, we observed that ADAMTS13 protein was induced in the ischemic penumbra region of brain after ischemic stroke. Our findings reveal an important role for VWF in modulating infarct volume after ischemic stroke. In addition, recombinant-ADAMTS13 could become a new therapeutic agent for stroke therapy.
The Role of Inflammation and Infection in Coronary Artery Disease (2001)

New insights into atherosclerosis, the most common disease affecting coronary arteries, may change therapeutic strategies from largely symptomatic to causal. Atherosclerotic plaques contain a lipid-related, immune-mediated inflammation, with release of secretory products capable of changing plaque morphology. Plaques prone to complications contain large numbers of inflammatory cells; stable plaques contain little inflammation. Similarly, atherectomy specimens from patients with coronary syndromes revealed more inflammatory cells in unstable than in stable patients. These observations, and the fact that acute coronary syndromes are associated with increased blood levels of inflammatory markers, have renewed interest in the possible relationship between infection and atherogenesis. Of all potential candidate antigens, Chlamydia pneumoniae presently is considered the most likely because a substantial number of patients with unstable syndromes contain C. pneumoniae-reactive T cells, both in blood and within the atherosclerotic plaque, suggesting enhancement of intraplaque inflammation.
Hardware-Assisted Thread and Data Mapping in Hierarchical Multicore Architectures (2016)

The performance and energy efficiency of modern architectures depend on memory locality, which can be improved by thread and data mappings considering the memory access behavior of parallel applications. In this article, we propose intense pages mapping, a mechanism that analyzes the memory access behavior using information about the time the entry of each page resides in the translation lookaside buffer. It provides accurate information with a very low overhead. We present experimental results with simulation and real machines, with average performance improvements of 13.7% and energy savings of 4.4%, which come from reductions in cache misses and interconnection traffic.
Deposition of TiO2 Ceramic Particles on Cold Spray Process (2010)

Abstract Cold spraying has been developed as a high-quality coating process. However, the deposition materials were limited as metallic materials. In this paper, titanium dioxide (TiO2) ceramic particles are deposited on several substrate materials and formed thick coatings, making this approach suitable for a wide range of photocatalytic applications. In order to understand the adhesion mechanism of solid ceramic particles, the structures of feedstock particles are carefully observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM). We find a porous structure which is agglomerated with nano-scaled primary particles. It is assumed that the break down phenomenon occurs due to the cold spray process and influences the adhesion of ceramic particles. The primary particles are bonded within a single crystal. This particular structure is the main factor to make adhesion between the particle and the substrate. SEM and TEM analysis clearly reveals adhesion mechanisms related to the impact of spraying ceramic particles toward the substrate.
Synthesis and Characterization of the LiMnP<sub>1–x</sub>V<sub>x</sub>O<sub>4–δ</sub> Solid Solutions (2010)

Compounds with the olivine-type structures are considered as perspective materials for lithium-ion power sources for both industrial and transport applications. Lithium iron phosphate is most highly developed from this family, but LiMnPO4 is supposed as much promising, due to its higher EMF vs. lithium. One of the main lacks of this class of materials is the low electronic conductivity. The traditional ways of conductivity increase by partial replacement of Mn with other transition metal for LiMnPO4 do not result to essential success. Our approach consisting in the influence onto anion sublattice results to better effect. Such solid solutions should be suitable for oxygen nonstoichiometry creation in virtue of ability of vanadium ion for oxidation degree downturn. Using magnetic methods, we succeeded to show that the required solid solutions are really formed. The optimal synthesis conditions of LiMnP1-xVxO4-δ solid solutions were determined. It was shown, that the doping of LiMnPO4 by vanadium jointly with oxygen nonstoichiometry brings to substantial enhance of electronic conductivity in this material. Observed peculiarities of the magnetic properties indicate the restructuring in the local environment in anion sublattice.