gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parametric estimate of intensity inhomogeneities applied to MRI (2000)

This paper presents a new approach to the correction of intensity inhomogeneities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that significantly improves intensity-based tissue segmentation. The distortion of the image brightness values by a low-frequency bias field impedes visual inspection and segmentation. The new correction method called parametric bias field correction (PABIC) is based on a simplified model of the imaging process, a parametric model of tissue class statistics, and a polynomial model of the inhomogeneity field. We assume that the image is composed of pixels assigned to a small number of categories with a priori known statistics. Further we assume that the image is corrupted by noise and a low-frequency inhomogeneity field. The estimation of the parametric bias field is formulated as a nonlinear energy minimization problem using an evolution strategy (ES). The resulting bias field is independent of the image region configurations and thus overcomes limitations of methods based on homomorphic filtering. Furthermore, PABIC can correct bias distortions much larger than the image contrast. Input parameters are the intensity statistics of the classes and the degree of the polynomial function. The polynomial approach combines bias correction with histogram adjustment, making it well suited for normalizing the intensity histogram of datasets from serial studies. We present simulations and a quantitative validation with phantom and test images. A large number of MR image data acquired with breast, surface, and head coils, both in two dimensions and three dimensions, have been processed and demonstrate the versatility and robustness of this new bias correction scheme.
Laboratory Evaluation of a Low Prime ClosedCircuit Cardiopulmonary Bypass System (1992)

We have explored the potential advantages of a low prime closed-circuit cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system using a non-human primate model. Although manufacturers have reduced priming volumes in individual CPB components, the standard circuit volume remains high because of the tubing diameter and length necessary for gravity drainage. By replacing gravity drainage with the negative pressure generated by a centrifugal pump, we can realize significant tubing volume reduction. Closed-circuit bypass was conducted on 13 baboons ranging from 5-15 kg. The circuit consisted of a centrifugal pump, a hollow fiber oxygenator, and l/4" arterial and venous tubing. The design of the circuit included the capacity to remove a limited amount of venous air. Circulatory arrest during deep hypothermia with volume displacement into a reservoir was also accomplished with this circuit. The potential benefits of this low prime closed-circuit bypass system include blood conservation and reduction in blood surface area contact. The future safe clinical use of this type of closed-circuit bypass for routine open heart surgery will depend upon the incorporation of a device in the venous line to remove air. This is the greatest threat to patient safety in a closed circuit system and its use for open chest surgery must wait until an efficient venous air elimination device is available.
Integrins isolated from Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts. (1989)

Avian integrins are a complex of three integral membrane glycoproteins that are thought to have a role both in anchoring the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane and establishing linkages to the extracellular matrix. We previously demonstrated that bands 2 and 3 of integrin are phosphorylated on both tyrosine and serine residues in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) transformed with Rous Sarcoma virus (RSV) and other oncogenic retroviruses. The effects of RSV transformation on integrins from chick cells are now further characterized. The major site of tyrosine phosphorylation on band 3 in RSV transformed CEF has been identified as tyrosine 788. We also demonstrate that the product of the RSV oncogene, pp60v-src, can phosphorylate integrin in vitro, at the same residue. Tryptic peptide mapping and tunicamycin treatment indicates that a previously observed 4-8 k increase in the Mr of integrins from RSV-transformed cells can be attributed to an alteration in a post-translational modification such as glycosylation. Equilibrium gel filtration assays were used to test the ability of integrins from RSV-transformed CEF to interact with talin and fibronectin. Tyrosine phosphorylated integrins showed a decreased ability to interact with both these ligands in vitro. Conversely, integrins isolated from RSV-transformed CEF metabolically labeled in the absence of phosphatase inhibitor contained only low levels of phosphotyrosine and showed an almost normal ability to interact with ligands. Competition experiments indicated that the region of integrin containing tyrosine 788 is also important for talin binding to integrins.
[Silodosin therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with suspected benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled clinical trial performed in Europe]. (2013)

Silodosin is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for the relief of both voiding and storage symptoms in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction thought to be associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Its overall efficacy is not inferior to tamsulosin. Only silodosin showed a significant effect on nocturia over placebo.
Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry of <sup>18</sup>F-CP-18, a Potential Apoptosis Imaging Agent, as Determined from PET/CT Scans in Healthy Volunteers (2013)

(18)F-CP-18 cleared rapidly through the renal system. The urinary bladder wall received the highest radiation dose and was deemed the critical organ. Both the effective dose and the bladder dose can be reduced by frequent voiding. From the radiation dosimetry perspective, the apoptosis imaging agent (18)F-CP-18 is suitable for human use.
ECR sources for the production of highly charged ions (1989)

Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) using RF between 5 and 16GHz have been developed into stable, reliable sources of highly charged ions produced from a wide range of elements.These devices are currently used as ion sources for cyclotrons, synchrotrons, and heavy-ion linacs for nuclear and relativistic heavy-ion physics.They also serve the atomic physics community as a source of low energy multiply-charged ions..In order to improve their performance both with respect to maximum charge state and beam intensity, ECRIS builders are now designing and constructing sources which will operate at frequencies up to 30 GHz.In this paper we review the present status of operating ECRIS, reView recent experimental measurements on -plasma parameters, and look at the technology and potential of sources operating at frequencies up to 30 GHz.
Enhancement of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Total Carotenoid Production in Microalgae by Ultraviolet Band A (UVA, 365 nm) Radiation (2011)

Two microalgae, Porphyridium cruentum and Platymonas subcordiformis , were subjected to a 3-day exposure of ultraviolet band A (UVA) radiation at 365 nm (∼1.32-1.35 W/m(2)) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (∼11.56-11.62 W/m(2)) followed by a 3-day UVA-free (exposure to PAR only) treatment. UVA inhibited the growth of P. subcordiformis and P. cruentum during the UVA-exposure period. Significant increases (p < 0.05) of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and lipid content were found in P. cruentum during the UVA exposure period, whereas such increases in P. subcordiformis were observed only at the end of the UVA-free period. Concentrations of individual PUFAs including linoleic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid as well as total carotenoids were significantly increased (p < 0.05) at different stages of the UVA treatment in both microalgae. UVA (365 nm) radiation has the potential application for producing microalgal biomass rich in PUFAs and carotenoids as a natural functional ingredient.
Supporting Keyword Columns with Ontology-based Referential Constraints in DBMS (2006)

Keywords are typically used to qualify rows in a table. However, the fact that a keyword denotes a concept, which belongs to a specific knowledge domain, is not semantically enforced in current database systems. This paper proposes defining ontology based referential constraint for such keyword columns. A query on ontology, specified as part of the referential constraint, is used to identify the domain for the keyword column. Furthermore, since ontology may evolve causing change to the domain of the keyword column, the paper proposes use of ontology based transformation functions to either automatically evolve or to recommend refinements for the values in the keyword column. Also, queries on a keyword column can perform semantic match, that is, match a keyword to related terms based on the associated ontology. Thus, the proposed approach of semantically connecting keyword columns to ontologies 1) enhances semantic data integrity, 2) facilitates evolution of keyword columns with the referenced ontology, and 3) enables semantic match queries on keyword columns.
A standard adsorption isotherm for the characterization of activated carbons (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA standard adsorption isotherm for the characterization of activated carbonsFrancisco. Rodriguez-Reinoso, Jose Miguel. Martin-Martinez, Celia. Prado-Burguete, and Brian. McEnaneyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 3, 515–516Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100287a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100287a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2497Altmetric-Citations230LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Stimulation of Uredospore Germination in Wheat Stem Rust by Terpenes and Related Compounds (1961)

1. A wide variety of terpenes and related compounds at certain concentrations were capable of accelerating the rate of germination of uredospores of stem rust of wheat floating on water. 2. The majority of the compounds, at some concentration, induced a stimulation equal to or greater than that of a stimulatory material extracted from the uredospores themselves.
A Novel Gene Therapy Strategy for Elimination of Prostate Carcinoma Cells from Human Bone Marrow (1997)

We report a novel means to purge bone marrow of a specific subset of prostate carcinoma cells based on transductional and genetic selectivity. Using both adenovirus-polylysine-DNA complexes and E1A/B-deleted replication-deficient adenoviruses, we have demonstrated a transductional preference of these vectors for the prostate carcinoma cell lines DU 145, LNCaP, and PC-3 over primary human bone marrow cells and the leukemia cell line KG-1. We have also shown a genetic selectivity of an anti-erbB-2 intracellular single-chain antibody (sFv) encoding adenovirus, Ad21, for the erbB-2-positive prostate carcinoma cell lines DU 145 and LNCaP. Delivery of Ad21 resulted in cytotoxicity to the DU 145 and LNCaP, but not PC-3, cell lines and reduced the clonogenic capacity of DU 145 cells cultured alone or mixed with various ratios of irradiated human bone marrow. Finally, quantitative, competitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QC-RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that Ad21 could effectively reduce DU 145 and erbB-2-positive primary prostate tumor contamination in bone marrow cultures. Delivery of Ad21 had no effect on the ability of progenitor cells to form colonies. These results suggest that an anti-erbB-2 sFv-encoding adenoviral vector is efficacious for removal of erbB-2-positive prostate carcinoma cells from human bone marrow, and demonstrates a novel method for ex vivo genetic purge of malignant cells from bone marrow for autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) therapy.
A pesquisa em Artes Visuais nas revistas acadêmicas (2021)

Este artigo busca analisar, de maneira sucinta, parte da produção das revistas acadêmicas de Artes Visuais no território brasileiro. Diante da amplitude do tema, optou-se, neste primeiro momento, pelo estabelecimento de um pequeno panorama dos periódicos A1 da área, visando estabelecer relações entre as produções e seus processos avaliativos, bem como suas conexões com as estruturas econômicas, culturais, geográficas e respectivos apoios institucionais. Para realizar esta pesquisa, utilizou-se uma metodologia de cunho quantitativo e qualitativo aliada à pesquisa bibliográfica.
On the Benefits of Using Multipath TCP and Openflow in Shared Bottlenecks (2015)

This paper focuses on evaluating the use of MPTCP to forward sub flows in Open Flow networks. MPTCP is a network protocol designed to forward sub flows through disjointed paths. Modern networks commonly use Equal-Cost Multipath Protocol (ECMP) to split flows through distinct paths. However, even with ECMP enabled, sub flows may be forwarded through the same path. MPTCP improves the multipath routing by setting sub flows to be forwarded through distinct paths. As a consequence, the amount of sub flows must be considered to evaluate the network throughput. In this paper, we design Multiflow to use MPTCP in Open Flow networks. Our proposal is to improve the throughput in shared bottlenecks by forwarding sub flows from a same MPTCP connection through multiple paths. We validate our approach in a test bed where shared bottlenecks occur in the link at the endpoints. The Multiflow improvement of the network performance is evaluated in experiments about resilience and end-to-end throughput.
Further development of the periodical vehicle test by using diagnostic interface (1994)

The development and implementation of electronically-controlled vehicle systems has rapidly increased, particularly motor management, antilock brake systems (ABS), traction control (TRC) systems, airbags, belt-pretensioners and electronically-controlled transmissions. The author discusses the need to inspect these electronics systems both internally and externally. The author discusses: on-board-diagnosis in combination with external diagnosis concerning safety and emissions; the expansion of periodical tests; and standardised external diagnostics for the periodical tests.
Selective suppression of endothelial cell activation by arachidonic acid (1996)

Endothelial cell (EC) activation plays a key role in inflammation, thrombosis and organ rejection. Normally, EC are in a quiescent state in which their function is to prevent coagulation and thrombosis, and to participate in the regulation of leukocyte migration from the bloodstream into the tissue. Upon activation with cytokines or other stimuli, EC up-regulate a number of genes, including E-selectin (ELAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-8, tissue factor (TF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and endothelial cell inducible gene (ECI-6). Arachidonic acid (AA) is produced by several cell types, including EC, and acts on various cells. We report here that AA inhibits the up-regulation of some, but not all genes that are induced with EC activation in a dose-dependent manner. AA suppresses TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, LPS or PMA-induced E-selectin expression, as well as mRNA accumulation of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and IL-8 stimulated by TNF-alpha. The inhibition appears to be at the level of transcription. At the same time under the same conditions AA does not, repress mRNA accumulation for PAI-1, ECI-6, MCP-1 and VCAM-1. We suggest that the induced expression of AA with EC activation may result in a negative feedback loop regulating further activation.
IPv6 Destination Option for Congestion Exposure (ConEx) (2016)

Congestion Exposure (ConEx) is a mechanism by which senders inform the
network about the congestion encountered by packets earlier in the
same flow. This document specifies an IPv6 destination option that is
capable of carrying ConEx markings in IPv6 datagrams.
Evidence for autolysin‐mediated primary attachment of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> to a polystyrene surface (1997)

Biofilm formation on a polymer surface which involves initial attachment and accumulation in multilayered cell clusters (intercellular adhesion) is proposed to be the major pathogenicity factor in Staphylococcus epidermidis foreign-body-associated infections. We have characterized two distinct classes of biofilm-negative Tn917 mutants in S. epidermidis affected in initial attachment (class A) or intercellular adhesion (class B). mut1 (class A mutant) lacks five surface-associated proteins with molecular masses of 120, 60, 52, 45 and 38 kDa and could be complemented by transformation with a 16.4 kb wild-type DNA fragment. The complemented mutant was able to attach to a polystyrene surface, to form a biofilm, and produced all of the proteins missing from mut1. Subcloning experiments revealed that the 60 kDa protein is sufficient for initial attachment. Immunofluorescence microscopy using an antiserum raised against the 60 kDa protein showed that this protein is located at the cell surface. DNA-sequence analysis of the complementing region revealed a single open reading frame which consists of 4005 nucleotides and encodes a deduced protein of 1335 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 148kDa. The amino acid sequence exhibits a high similarity (61% identical amino acids) to the atl gene product of Staphylococcus aureus, which represents the major autolysin; therefore the open reading frame was designated atlE. By analogy with the S. aureus autolysin, AtlE is composed of two bacteriolytically active domains, a 60 kDa amidase and a 52 kDa glucosaminidase domain, generated by proteolytic processing. The 120 kDa protein missing from mut1 presumably represents the unprocessed amidase and glucosaminidase domain after proteolytic cleavage of the signal- and propeptide. The 45 and 38kDa proteins are probably the degradation products of the 60 and 52 kDa proteins, respectively. Additionally, AtlE was found to exhibit vitronectin-binding activity, indicating that AtlE plays a role in binding of the cells not only to a naked polystyrene surface during early stages of adherence, but also to plasma protein-coated polymer surfaces during later stages of adherence. Our findings provide evidence for a new function of an autolysin (AtlE) in mediating the attachment of bacterial cells to a polymer surface, representing the prerequisite for biofilm formation.
Biosynthesis of a fluorescent cyanobacterial C-phycocyanin holo-α subunit in a heterologous host (2001)

The entire pathway for the synthesis of a fluorescent holophycobiliprotein subunit from a photosynthetic cyanobacterium (Synechocystis sp. PCC6803) was reconstituted in Escherichia coli. Cyanobacterial genes encoding enzymes required for the conversion of heme to the natural chromophore 3Z-phycocyanobilin, namely, heme oxygenase 1 and 3Z-phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, were expressed from a plasmid under control of the hybrid trp-lac (trc) promoter. Genes for the apoprotein (C-phycocyanin alpha subunit; cpcA) and the heterodimeric lyase (cpcE and cpcF) that catalyzes chromophore attachment were expressed from the trc promoter on a second plasmid. Upon induction, recombinant E. coli used the cellular pool of heme to produce holo-CpcA with spectroscopic properties qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those of the same protein produced endogenously in cyanobacteria. About a third of the apo-CpcA was converted to holo-CpcA. No significant bilin addition took place in a similarly engineered E. coli strain that lacks cpcE and cpcF. This approach should permit incisive analysis of many remaining questions in phycobiliprotein biosynthesis. These studies also demonstrate the feasibility of generating constructs of these proteins in situ for use as fluorescent protein probes in living cells.
Genetic reprogramming of tumor cells by zinc finger transcription factors (2005)

Cancer arises by the accumulation of genetic alterations in DNA leading to aberrant gene transcription. Expression-profiling studies have correlated genomewide expression signatures with malignancy. However, functional analysis elucidating the contribution and synergy of genes in specific cancer cell phenotypes remains a formidable obstacle. Herein, we describe an alternative genetic approach for identification of genes involved in tumor progression by using a library of zinc finger artificial transcription factors (ATFs) and functional screening of tumor cells as a source of genetic plasticity and clonal selection. We isolated a six-zinc finger transcriptional activator (TF 20-VP, TF 20 containing the VP64 activator domain) that acts to reprogram a drug-sensitive, poorly invasive, and nonmetastatic cell line into a cell line with a drug-resistant, highly invasive, and metastatic phenotype. Differential expression profiles of cells expressing TF 20-VP followed by functional studies, both in vitro and in animal models, revealed that invasion and metastasis requires co-regulation of multiple target genes. Significantly, the E48 antigen, associated with poor metastasis-free survival in head and neck cancer, was identified as one specific target of TF 20-VP. We have shown phenotypic modulation of tumor cell behavior by E48 expression, including enhanced cell migration in vitro and tumor cell dissemination in vivo. This study demonstrates the use of ATFs to identify the group of genes that cooperate during tumor progression. By co-regulating multiple targets, ATFs can be used as master genetic switches to reprogram and modulate complex neoplastic phenotypes.