gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Studies on 3D volume memory</title> (1992)

The need to store large amounts of information in small volumes cannot be overstated, nor can the need for these memories to be capable of large bandwidths and parallel access of the information be overemphasized. Three-dimensional (3-D) storage may provide a desirable solution to these needs. The various possible avenues which may lead to 3-D information storage include hole burning, phase hologram, and two photon processes using organic semiconductors and biomolecules such as bactiochadorpsin. In this paper we restrict discussion to the last topic, namely, 3-D storage by means of two-photon absorption, particularly in the utilization of organic photochromic materials. In previous communications we have presented experimental data which suggest a possibility for constructing useful 3-D volume memory devices based upon two-photon virtual excitation processes. In this paper we discuss the means for writing and reading information within a 3-D storage memory, describe the materials used, and present a status report on their relevant properties. The theoretical bases for two-photon processes were established long ago, originating theoretically in 1932 and experimentally in the early 1960s. The probability for a two-photon transition may be expressed as a function of three parameters: line profile, transition probability for all possible two-photon processes, and intensity.
Stereoselective Syntheses of (+)-Goniodiol, (−)-8-Epigoniodiol, and (+)-9-Deoxygoniopypyrone via Alkoxyallylboration and Ring-Closing Metathesis (2002)

A convenient synthesis of (+)-goniodiol, (-)-8-epigoniodiol, and (+)-9-deoxygoniopypyrone has been developed via asymmetric alkoxyallylboration and ring-closing metathesis pathways.
Alteration of S-adenosylmethionine synthetases during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis and in resulting carcinomas. (1979)

S -Adenosylmethionine synthetase isozymes (EC 2.5.1.6) were studied in hepatic nodules, primary hepatocellular carcinomas, and various transplantable hepatocellular carcinomas induced by acetylaminofluorene. With the exception of hepatoma 7800, the intermediate-Km isozyme was the only enzyme species detectable in transplantable hepatomas, including 7777, 311c, 253, 252, 56, and Novikoff hepatoma. Although hepatoma 7800 retained all of the hepatic isozymes, the levels of various isozymes were different from those of normal liver. During acetylaminofluorene hepatocarcinogenesis, there was an alteration in enzyme composition that commenced in neoplastic nodules and eventually attained the pattern commonly observed for many primary and transplantable hepatocellular carcinomas. Evidence is presented which indicated that the intermediate-Km isozyme of Novikoff hepatoma was derived from the low-Km isozyme and that protein factors were partly responsible for this higher Km. This alteration of the kinetic properties of tumor isozyme was unique to neoplastic nodules and tumors and therefore may be a significant characteristic of malignant evolution. The existence of s -adenosylmethionine synthetase-tRNA methyltransferase complex was supported by the demonstration of cochromatography of these two enzymes on Sepharose 6B, coprecipitation at pH 5, and a higher efficiency of utilization of S -adenosylmethionine synthesized by S -adenosylmethionine synthetase by tRNA methyltransferases in the enzyme complex than that provided exogenously. After pH 5 treatment, the majority of tumor enzyme complex retained the complex form, whereas liver enzyme complex was almost totally dissociated, indicating that tumor enzyme complex was more stable than liver enzyme complex against pH variations. The difference in the stability of this enzyme complex is probably attributable to the factors characteristically associated only with S -adenosylmethionine synthetase from neoplastic tissues.
<b>inhibition of calcium-activated neutral protease of monkey cardiac muscle by epoxysuccinic acid </b><b>derivatives </b> (1983)

Epoxysuccinic acid and its synthetic derivatives were studied for effectiveness in the inhibition of a calcium-activated neutral protease (CANP) of monkey cardiac muscle, and this effectiveness was compared with their inhibitory activity on papain. From the structure-activity data it is suggested that both the trans-form of epoxysuccinates and one of its two carboxyl groups are essential for the inhibitory action of these derivatives against monkeyrcardiiac muscle CANP. CANP was less sensitive to the inhibition by epoxysuccinic acid derivatives than papain, but the relative inhibitory effects of these derivatives on both proteases were similar.
Environmental aspects of <i>Mortierella wolfii</i> infection in cattle (1976)

Abstract Mortierella wolfii B. S. Mehrotra & Baijal, the main cause of mycotic placentitis in New Zealand, was frequently found in over‐heated, dark coloured, wet, and rotting plant material of pH 8‐9. Isolates were obtained from 62% of samples of rotting silage, 77% of rotting hay, and from soil around silage stacks and pits. No isolates were obtained from good quality silage or hay and very few from visibly mouldy material. The mycoflora of the rotting material was dominated by thermophilic fungi, including M. ambigua, Petriellidium boydii, Absidia ramosa, Coprinus cinereus, Scytalidium thermophilum , and Stilbella thermophila . Mortierella spp. were not isolated from the rotting surface layers of an unopened experimental silage stack in which the temperature had risen to 68°c during maturation. Material from the outer 2 cm supported M. wolfii growth in vitro . This suggests that M. wolfii belongs to the secondary succession which invades silage after the pit or stack has been opened, or hay after wetting during faulty storage. The morphological form in which M. wolfii occurs in the field was not determined.
Mitophagy is primarily due to alternative autophagy and requires the MAPK1 and MAPK14 signaling pathways (2015)

In cultured cells, not many mitochondria are degraded by mitophagy induced by physiological cellular stress. We observed mitophagy in HeLa cells using a method that relies on the pH-sensitive fluorescent protein Keima. With this approach, we found that mitophagy was barely induced by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone treatment, which is widely used as an inducer of PARK2/Parkin-related mitophagy, whereas a small but modest amount of mitochondria were degraded by mitophagy under conditions of starvation or hypoxia. Mitophagy induced by starvation or hypoxia was marginally suppressed by knockdown of ATG7 and ATG12, or MAP1LC3B, which are essential for conventional macroautophagy. In addition, mitophagy was efficiently induced in Atg5 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts. However, knockdown of RAB9A and RAB9B, which are essential for alternative autophagy, but not conventional macroautophagy, severely suppressed mitophagy. Finally, we found that the MAPKs MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK14/p38 were required for mitophagy. Based on these findings, we conclude that mitophagy in mammalian cells predominantly occurs through an alternative autophagy pathway, requiring the MAPK1 and MAPK14 signaling pathways.
Catalytic grafting: A new technique for polymer‐fiber composites. III. Polyethylene‐plasma‐treated Kevlar<sup>TM</sup> fibers composites: Analysis of the fiber surface (1993)

Abstract In this article, plasma‐treated Kevlar TM fiber‐polyethylene composites prepared by the catalytic grafting technique were studied. The reactive groups COOH, OH, NH 2 generated on the Kevlar fiber surface by oxygen plasma treatment were used to chemically anchor Ziegler‐Natta catalyst, which was then followed by ethylene polymerization on the fiber surface. The surface structure of the Kevlar fibers, untreated or treated by oxygen plasma, catalyst grafted, or ethylene polymerized, was characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection (ATR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology, interfacial behavior, and mechanical properties of the high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composites reinforced by either catalytic grafted or ungrafted Kevlar fibers were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light optical microscopy, tensile testing, and SEM. Special attention was devoted to the tensile properties of the composites in the direction transverse to the fibers. The experimental results show that oxygen plasma treatment increases the reactive site concentration on the fiber surface significantly and that the composites reinforced by catalytically grafted Kevlar fibers exhibit higher tensile strength both parallel and transverse to the fibers. The improved interfacial adhesion is attributed to the interfacial chemical bonding established by catalytic grafting. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), a marker for differentiation between pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis (2000)

At an elevated cut-off level for TPS (200 U/L), almost complete discrimination between pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis was obtained. TPS will be more useful than CA 19-9 in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis.
Polyimide coatings containing azo-chromophores as structural units (2008)

Results are presented on the vacuum deposition of polyimide layers containing azochromophore as structural unit. The imidization process of the polymer thin films was studied by FT-IR and optical spectroscopy. After microwave and thermal treatment the, polyimide layers are E-diastereomers only, with a homogeneous smooth surface devoid of cracks. The technique used is suitable for preparing polyimide coatings containing chromophores with tailored properties.
The Olive Constituent Oleuropein Exhibits Proteasome Stimulatory Properties <i>In Vitro</i> and Confers Life Span Extension of Human Embryonic Fibroblasts (2007)

Normal human fibroblasts undergo replicative senescence due to both genetic and environmental factors. Senescence and aging can be further accelerated by exposure of cells to a variety of oxidative agents that contribute among other effects to the accumulation of damaged proteins. The proteasome, a multicatalytic nonlysosomal protease, has impaired function during aging, while its increased expression delays senescence in human fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to identify natural compounds that enhance proteasome activity and exhibit antiaging properties. We demonstrate that oleuropein, the major constituent of Olea europea leaf extract, olive oil and olives, enhances the proteasome activities in vitro stronger than other known chemical activators, possibly through conformational changes of the proteasome. Moreover, continuous treatment of early passage human embryonic fibroblasts with oleuropein decreases the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduces the amount of oxidized proteins through increased proteasome-mediated degradation rates and retains proteasome function during replicative senescence. Importantly, oleuropein-treated cultures exhibit a delay in the appearance of senescence morphology and their life span is extended by approximately 15%. In summary, these data demonstrate the beneficial effect of oleuropein on human fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence and provide new insights towards enhancement of cellular antioxidant mechanisms by natural compounds that can be easily up-taken through normal diet.
Electrophilic Activation of Aliphatic C-H Bonds Mediated by Zirconium Hydride Entities and Applied to the Functionalization of the Porphyrinogen Periphery (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophilic Activation of Aliphatic C-H Bonds Mediated by Zirconium Hydride Entities and Applied to the Functionalization of the Porphyrinogen PeripheryDenis Jacoby, Sylviane Isoz, Carlo Floriani, Angiola Chiesi-Villa, and Corrado RizzoliCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 10, 2805–2816Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00115a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00115a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views340Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
On adaptive arrays in mobile communication (2002)

The author studies the use of adaptive arrays in mobile communication for increasing channel capacity as well as reducing co-channel interference. Antenna arrays may be used at the base station and/or at the mobile unit. A mathematical model for the received signal is presented and discussed in the context of frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA). It is shown from the carrier-to-interference and noise ratio (CINR) for a single- and an array-antenna that the latter results in reduced co-channel interference.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Remote-Touch: A Laser Input User–Display Interaction Technology (2008)

In this paper, we present a new user-display interaction technology in which a laser-pointer is used to select objects on a display screen. In this interaction technology, the user points to the object on the display, using a laser-pointer to make a selection. This allows interaction from a distance, which is an advantage over state-of-the-art touchscreen technologies. This interaction technology will be referred to as ldquoremote-touchrdquo. It consists of a laser-pointer, a transparent micro-structured light-guiding substrate, and position-sensitive detectors (PSDs). The substrate, which is patterned with a micro-structure of pyramid-shaped indentations, is put in front of the display. When the laser-light hits the display the micro-structure in the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrate reflects part of the laser-light to the sides of the display screen. The PSDs at the edge of the PMMA substrate read-out the position of the laser-spot. This paper focuses on the optical performance of the micro-structured PMMA substrate.
The Irish in America (1959)

The history of Irish emigration to America is a subject of formidable size of which even the outlines are far from firmly established. Still, as emigration studies develop it seems inevitable that the basic importance and general interest of Irish emigration will be increasingly recognized and attract the attention of scholars on both sides of the Atlantic.
City-Visions: Visioning and Delivering Scotland's Economic Future (2005)

The theme of this paper is the current practice of vision and visioning in land use planning in Scotland. The recent allocation of £90 million as part of the Building Better Cities Growth Fund required Scotland's six principal cities to prepare a city-vision. This was based on the perceived necessity of shared visions in providing a clear framework to guide development. The paper examines the contested concepts of visions and visioning and asks whether the prescriptive approach to the city-visions provides for inspirational or aspirational visions.
Modeling form for on-line following of musical performances (2005)

Automated musical accompaniment of human performers often requires an agent be able to follow a musical score with similar facility to that of a human performer. Systems described in the literature represent musical scores in a way that assumes no large-scale structural variation of the piece during performance. If the performer deviates from the expected path by skipping or repeating a section, the system may become lost. We describe a way to automatically generate a Markov model from a written score that models the score form, and an on-line algorithm to align a performance to a score. The resulting system can follow performances that take alternate paths through the score without losing its place. We compare the performance of our system to that of sequence-based score followers on a melodic corpus of 98 Jazz melodies. Results show that explicitly representing the branching structure of a score significantly improves score following when the branch a performer may take is unknown beforehand.
Gasification of wood wastes in the Renugas process. (1986)

The Institute of Gas Technology is developing the RENUGAS pressurized fluidized-bed biomass gasification process. The process research unit (PRU), built for this purpose, is 11.5-in. ID and designed for operation at up to 1800/sup 0/F and 515 psia. It is capable of handling biomass feed rates up to 12 tons per day. Adiabatic, pressurized, fluidized-bed steam and oxygen-blown biomass gasification tests were conducted in the process research unit (PRU) to develop process optimization information for the production of medium-Btu gas. The test program has investigated the effect on gasification performance of temperature, pressure, biomass throughput rate, steam-to-biomass ratio, type of feedstock, feedstock moisture, and fluidized-bed height. Long-duration gasification tests (up to 3 days of steady-state operation) were made to establish material and energy balances, to observe the possible breakthrough of low-concentration organic compounds, and to evaluate the mechanical performance of the system. Test results indicate that the process, which has proven to be simple to operate, can achieve carbon conversions of about 95% with thermal efficiencies of about 75% and with low oil and tar production. New information on the oil and tar fraction production outline the effect of process operating conditions and feedstock type. Different feedstocks of very similarmore » elemental compositions have produced similar product gas compositions but have produced different distributions and character of the oil and tar fractions. This information is important environmentally and impacts upon the scope and duty of process cleanup equipment. 2 refs., 10 figs., 5 tabs.« less
Milk Emulsions: Structure and Stability (2019)

The main aim of this research is to investigate the characteristics of milk and milk proteins as natural emulsifiers. It is still largely unclear how the two main fractions of the milk proteins behave as emulsifier in highly concentrated emulsions. The surface-active effect of these is determined experimentally for emulsions with a high oil content (φ > 0.7), in this case fully refined rapeseed oil. Recent publications have not yet sufficiently investigated how proteins from native milk behave in emulsions in which a jamming transition is observed. In addition, scientific measurements comparing fresh milk emulsions and emulsions of dried milk protein powders based on rheological and thermal properties are pending and unexamined. The emulsions, prepared with a rotor-stator disperser, are investigated by their particle size and analysed by microscopy, characterised by their rheological properties. The behaviour under shear is directly observed by rheo-optical methods, which enables the direct observation of the dynamic behaviour of the oil droplets undergoing a size selective jamming transition. For a better understanding of the contributions of the different emulsifying proteins, oil-in-water emulsions have been prepared by using whey protein isolates and sodium casinates. Their different role (and function) on the interface activity can be assigned to the droplet sizes and mechanical behaviour during increasing shear deformation. In addition, solid (gelled) emulsions are prepared by heating. It is shown that the cysteine-containing whey proteins are mainly responsible for the sol-gel transition in the continuous water phase and the formation of soft solids.
Abstract SY19-02: Novel mechanisms of acquired resistance to selective CDK4/6 inhibition (2018)

Abstract CDK4/6 inhibition is now part of the standard armamentarium for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, so that understanding mechanisms of resistance is a pressing issue. We have identified identified increased CDK6 expression as a key determinant of acquired resistance after exposure to palbociclib in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Increased CDK6 in resistant cells is dependent on TGF-β pathway suppression via miR-432-5p expression. Exosomal miR-432-5p expression mediated transfer of the resistance phenotype between neighboring cell populations, causing previously sensitive cells to acquire CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance. We confirmed these data in pretreatment and postprogression biopsies from a parotid cancer patient who had responded to ribociclib, demonstrating that this resistance mechanism is clinically relevant. Additionally, this CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance phenotype can be reversed in vitro and in vivo by a prolonged drug holiday, which restored drug sensitivity. CDK4 is also emerging as a target in KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We have demonstrated that KRAS-mutant NSCLC cell lines are initially sensitive to palbociclib, but readily acquire resistance associated with increased expression of CDK6, D-cyclins, and cyclin E. Resistant cells also demonstrated increased ERK1/2 activity and sensitivity to MEK and ERK inhibitors. Moreover, MEK inhibition reduced the expression and activity of cell cycle proteins mediating palbociclib resistance. In resistant cells, ERK activated mTOR, driven in part by upstream FGFR1 signaling resulting from the extracellular secretion of FGF ligands. A genetically engineered mouse model of KRAS-mutant NSCLC initially sensitive to palbociclib similarly developed acquired resistance with increased expression of cell cycle mediators, ERK1/2 and FGFR1. In this model, resistance was delayed with combined palbociclib and MEK inhibitor treatment. These findings implicate an FGFR1-MAP kinase-mTOR pathway resulting in increased expression of D-cyclins and CDK6 that confers palbociclib resistance, and indicate that CDK4/6 inhibition acts to promote MAP kinase dependence. Citation Format: Geoffrey I. Shapiro. Novel mechanisms of acquired resistance to selective CDK4/6 inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr SY19-02.