gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Effects of IL-27 on Human B Cell Subsets (2006)

IL-27 is a novel heterodimeric cytokine of the IL-12 family that plays an important role in the regulation of T cell responses. Its role on human B cells has not been previously studied. In this study, we show that both chains of the IL-27 receptor complex, IL-27R and gp130, are constitutively expressed at the surface of naive and memory human tonsillar B cells, and are induced on germinal center B cells following CD40 stimulation. In naive B cells, IL-27 induced strong STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation, whereas it induced moderate STAT1 and low STAT3 activation in memory B cells. IL-27 induced T-bet expression in naive and memory B cells stimulated by CD40 or surface Ig engagement, but induced significant IL-12Rbeta2 surface expression in anti-Ig-stimulated naive B cells only. In anti-Ig-stimulated naive or memory B cells, IL-27 also induced CD54, CD86, and CD95 surface expression. In addition, IL-27 increased proliferation of anti-Ig-activated naive B cells and of anti-CD40-activated naive and germinal center B cells, but not of CD40-activated memory B cells. These data indicate that the B cell response to IL-27 is modulated during B cell differentiation and varies depending on the mode of B cell activation.
Antibiotic resistance among Listeria, including Listeria monocytogenes, in retail foods (2001)

The higher level of resistance in L. innocua compared with L. monocytogenes suggests that a species-related ability to acquire resistance to antibiotics exists.
Negative association of melanoma differentiation-associated gene (mda-7) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in human melanoma: MDA-7 regulates iNOS expression in melanoma cells. (2003)

The melanoma differentiation association gene-7 (mda-7) is a novel tumor suppressor gene of which the protein expression decreases to nearly undetectable levels in metastatic melanoma. In contrast, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is increased in advanced stages of melanoma, and iNOS expression has been proposed as a potential prognostic marker in this disease. Thus, expression of these molecules in the same tumor appears to exhibit reciprocal characteristics. We hypothesize that the relative ratios of these melanoma progression molecules may define either tumor progression or tumor suppression in human melanoma. The first goal of this study was to determine whether MDA-7 expression in melanoma negatively correlates with iNOS expression. The second goal was to determine whether iNOS expression could be regulated by MDA-7 expression in melanoma cells. Expression of MDA-7 and iNOS proteins were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a total of 81 tumor samples: 38 primary melanomas and 43 metastatic melanomas. Evaluation of these melanoma patient samples showed that expression of MDA-7 and iNOS exhibits a significant negative correlation (P = 0.03). In vitro studies revealed that iNOS expression in melanoma cell lines is lost in a dose-dependent fashion after treatment with an adenoviral vector encoding the mda-7 gene (Ad-mda7) or with rhMDA-7 protein, demonstrating that MDA-7 down-regulates iNOS expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the STAT-3-modulated expression of IFN regulatory factors 1 and 2 is regulated by MDA-7, which may alter iNOS gene expression. These studies demonstrate that expression of the MDA-7 tumor suppressor can negatively regulate iNOS expression in malignant melanoma cell lines.
Scan testing of latch arrays (2003)

A novel scan-based test method that allows latch-based arrays to be fully tested using conventional scan software tools is described. Very little support circuitry and simple modeling are required. Several useful applications of the method are described. The method was used on several production chips.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
byteflight - A New Protocol for Safety Critical Applications (2000)

There is a clear trend in automobile development towards using electronic systems instead of mechanical components and towards realizing an increasing number of convenience and safety functions while at the same time taking into consideration the environment. Consequently, vehicle electronics are becoming increasing complex and the number of functions, sensors, and actuators is growing fast. These requirements cannot be met with a central control unit. The solution is to network the various electronic modules using a high-performance data bus. This makes it possible to reduce the complexity of the wiring and to make multiple use of sensor data in order to integrate the individual functions in such a way that they form an intelligent overall vehicle. The high-performance bus required to make this possible is now available: Together with the companies Motorola, ELMOS, Infineon and Tyco EC, BMW AG has developed the byteflight high-performance data bus for safety-related applications. Fully integrated, inexpensive electronic components are already available for the construction of a complete bus system based on fiber optics technology. The first application in highvolume automobile production will start within the next year and will include passive-safety and body functions.
High Regioselectivity in the Ring-Opening Cross-Metathesis of 1-Arylcyclobutene (2002)

Ring-opening cross-metathesis (ROM/CM) of several 1-arylcyclobutenes with 1-octene and allyltrimethylsilane in the presence of the ruthenium catalyst [(Cy3P)2Cl2Ru=CHPh] has been carried out. The isolated products showed a remarkable regioselectivity concerning the cycloaddition of the ruthenium carbene complex to the C-C double bond of the cyclobutene derivatives. The electronic influence of substituents at the aromatic ring of 1-phenylcyclobutene on the rate of the ROM/CM is not very pronounced, but steric effects of substituents in the ortho-position of the phenyl ring are substantial. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
Improved drum level control for load cycling (1993)

The current technique of feedwater generators employs the 3-element drum level controller. This control scheme works well for steady state operation, or slow changes in load. However, for units required to perform significant load cycling or those subjected to transients due to upsets in the grid electrical generation, the 3-element drum level control no longer effectively represents the physical process. This paper describes a modified drum level control scheme (US Patent No. 514 8775), utilizing a feed-forward concept which compensates for the mass inventory within the evaporator due to load and pressure effects. The results obtained from a mathematical plant model show that the improvement in drum level response on a significant load change is quite dramatic for the modified drum level control described in this paper.
Convolutional neural networks with low-rank regularization (2015)

Large CNNs have delivered impressive performance in various computer vision applications. But the storage and computation requirements make it problematic for deploying these models on mobile devices. Recently, tensor decompositions have been used for speeding up CNNs. In this paper, we further develop the tensor decomposition technique. We propose a new algorithm for computing the low-rank tensor decomposition for removing the redundancy in the convolution kernels. The algorithm finds the exact global optimizer of the decomposition and is more effective than iterative methods. Based on the decomposition, we further propose a new method for training low-rank constrained CNNs from scratch. Interestingly, while achieving a significant speedup, sometimes the low-rank constrained CNNs delivers significantly better performance than their non-constrained counterparts. On the CIFAR-10 dataset, the proposed low-rank NIN model achieves $91.31\%$ accuracy (without data augmentation), which also improves upon state-of-the-art result. We evaluated the proposed method on CIFAR-10 and ILSVRC12 datasets for a variety of modern CNNs, including AlexNet, NIN, VGG and GoogleNet with success. For example, the forward time of VGG-16 is reduced by half while the performance is still comparable. Empirical success suggests that low-rank tensor decompositions can be a very useful tool for speeding up large CNNs.
DeCoILFNet: Depth Concatenation and Inter-Layer Fusion based ConvNet Accelerator (2018)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are rapidly gaining popularity in varied fields. Due to their increasingly deep and computationally heavy structures, it is difficult to deploy them on energy constrained mobile applications. Hardware accelerators such as FPGAs have come up as an attractive alternative. However, with the limited on-chip memory and computation resources of FPGA, meeting the high memory throughput requirement and exploiting the parallelism of CNNs is a major challenge. We propose a high-performance FPGA based architecture - Depth Concatenation and Inter-Layer Fusion based ConvNet Accelerator - DeCoILFNet which exploits the intra-layer parallelism of CNNs by flattening across depth and combines it with a highly pipelined data flow across the layers enabling inter-layer fusion. This architecture significantly reduces off-chip memory accesses and maximizes the throughput. Compared to a 3.5GHz hexa-core Intel Xeon E7 caffe-implementation, our 120MHz FPGA accelerator is 30X faster. In addition, our design reduces external memory access by 11.5X along with a speedup of more than 2X in the number of clock cycles compared to state-of-the-art FPGA accelerators.
Tagged MR imaging in a deforming phantom: photographic validation. (1994)

The validated tagging method can now be used to evaluate MR imaging motion estimation techniques.
Diversity Technique Employing Digitized Radio over Fiber Technology for Wide-Area Ubiquitous Network (2008)

Wide area ubiquitous networks should have the capability to handle more than 10,000 wireless terminals in a large wireless cell with the radius of several kilometers. However, the functions of wireless terminal are severely limited due to low power consumption and low cost requirements. Therefore, there is a need for a sophisticated wireless access system that employs smart wireless signal processing such as the site diversity technique with maximal-ratio-combining at the wireless access point. This paper presents the site diversity technique that employs digitized radio over fiber technology and field test that confirms the effect of site diversity.
A 21b &#x00B1;40mV range read-out IC for bridge transducers (2011)

Precision thermocouples and bridge transducers such as strain gauges and thermistors require read-out ICs with low noise, high accuracy and low drift. In such applications, the sensor and the read-out IC (ROIC) are usually calibrated as a single system, and so in addition to low thermal and 1/f noise, the ROIC should exhibit very low offset and gain drift (a few ppm/°C) to maintain system accuracy over temperature. This paper describes a 21b ROIC that meets this challenge.
Methane Emissions from Process Equipment at Natural Gas Production Sites in the United States: Pneumatic Controllers (2014)

Emissions from 377 gas actuated (pneumatic) controllers were measured at natural gas production sites and a small number of oil production sites, throughout the United States. A small subset of the devices (19%), with whole gas emission rates in excess of 6 standard cubic feet per hour (scf/h), accounted for 95% of emissions. More than half of the controllers recorded emissions of 0.001 scf/h or less during 15 min of measurement. Pneumatic controllers in level control applications on separators and in compressor applications had higher emission rates than controllers in other types of applications. Regional differences in emissions were observed, with the lowest emissions measured in the Rocky Mountains and the highest emissions in the Gulf Coast. Average methane emissions per controller reported in this work are 17% higher than the average emissions per controller in the 2012 EPA greenhouse gas national emission inventory (2012 GHG NEI, released in 2014); the average of 2.7 controllers per well observed in this work is higher than the 1.0 controllers per well reported in the 2012 GHG NEI.
Template-free synthesis of mesoporous CeO<sub>2</sub>powders by integrating bottom-up and top-down routes for acid orange 7 adsorption (2015)

A combined bottom-up and top-down route was developed for the template-free synthesis of mesoporous CeO<sub>2</sub>powders.
STUDIES ON DITERPENOIDS FROM TRIPTERYGIUM WILFORDII (1986)

Six diterpenoids(D1 to D6)were isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii collected from Fujian Province and Hubei Province. Their structures were confirmed by their physico-chemical properties and spectral data. D1 is triptonide: D2 is triptolide; D3 is triptophonolide; D4 is triptonolide. D5 and D6 are novel compounds. Their structures were proved to be 14-hydroxy-abieta-8, 11, 13-trien-3-one and 11-hydroxy, 14-methoxy-abieta-8, 11, 13-trien-3-one.Immunological experiments showed that D1 and D2 inhibit markedly the proliferations of lymph cells induced by Con A.
Information flow control in role-based model for distributed objects (2002)

Various kinds of distributed applications are realized in object-based frameworks. Object-based technologies are used to design applications and enhance the interoperability among applications. In addition to realizing the interoperability, the system is required to be secure. The secure system is required to not only protect objects from illegal manipulation but also illegal information flow among objects. We discuss a role-based access control model in the object-based systems and how to resolve illegal information flow in the roles. We define a safe set of roles where no illegal information flow occurs. We discuss an algorithm to check if illegal information flow occurs. In addition, we discuss how to safely perform transactions belonging to unsafe roles.
Prostatic displacement during extreme hypofractionated radiotherapy using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) (2014)

The mean intra-fraction prostate displacement during a course of extreme hypofractionated radiotherapy delivered via VMAT, continues to be small. Clinical margins typically used in a similar fixed-angle IMRT treatment are adequate. The use of VMAT in further extreme hypofractionation may limit prostatic motion uncertainties that would be otherwise be associated with longer treatment times.
Parallel OPS5 on the Encore Multimax. (1988)

Until now, most results reported for parallelism in production systems (rule-based systems) have been simulation results -- very few real parallel implementations exist. In this paper, we present results from our parallel implementation of OPS5 on the Encore multiprocessor. The implementation exploits very fine-grained parallelism to achieve significant speed-ups. For one of the applications, we achieve 12.4 fold speed-up using 13 processes. Our implementation is also distinct from other parallel implementations in that we parallelize a highly optimized C-based implementation of OPS5. Running on a uniprocessor, our C-based implementation is 10-20 times faster than the standard lisp implementation distributed by Carnegie Mellon University. In addition to presenting the performance numbers, the paper discusses the amount of contention observed for shared data structures, and the techniques used to reduce such contention.
The Interleukin-1 Receptor/Toll-Like Receptor Superfamily: Signal Transduction During Inflammation and Host Defense (2003)

The signal transduction pathways activated by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) have been the focus of much attention because of the important role that IL-1 plays in inflammatory diseases. A number of proteins have been described that participate in the post-receptor activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), and stress-activated protein kinases such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). It has also emerged that the type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1RI) is a member of an expanding receptor superfamily. These related receptors all have sequence similarity in their cytosolic regions. The family includes the Drosophila melanogaster protein Toll, the IL-18 receptor (IL-18R), and 10 Toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR-1 to TLR-10, which bind to microbial products, activating host defense responses. Because of the similarity of IL-1RI to Toll, the conserved sequence in the cytosolic region of these proteins has been termed the Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain. The same proteins activated during signaling by IL-1RI also participate in signaling by other receptors with TIR domains. The receptor superfamily is evolutionarily conserved; members also occur in plants and insects, where they also function in host defense. The signaling proteins that are activated are also conserved across species. Differences are, however, starting to emerge in signaling pathways activated by different receptors. This receptor superfamily, therefore, represents an ancient signaling system that is a critical determinant of the innate immune and inflammatory responses.
A boundary element technique applied to the analysis of waveguides with periodic surface corrugations (1992)

A boundary integral formulation is used to characterize Floquet-Bloch modes of two-dimensional multilayered periodic waveguides. A technique for matching fields inside the grating to those external to the grating region is described. Although a simple four-layer structure is used to illustrate the method, an extension to multilayer waveguide structures is straightforward. The mathematical formalism has been simplified, allowing for more efficient computations using fast Fourier transform algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Properties of an adaptive archiving algorithm for storing nondominated vectors (2003)

Search algorithms for Pareto optimization are designed to obtain multiple solutions, each offering a different trade-off of the problem objectives. To make the different solutions available at the end of an algorithm run, procedures are needed for storing them, one by one, as they are found. In a simple case, this may be achieved by placing each point that is found into an "archive" which maintains only nondominated points and discards all others. However, even a set of mutually nondominated points is potentially very large, necessitating a bound on the archive's capacity. But with such a bound in place, it is no longer obvious which points should be maintained and which discarded; we would like the archive to maintain a representative and well-distributed subset of the points generated by the search algorithm, and also that this set converges. To achieve these objectives, we propose an adaptive archiving algorithm, suitable for use with any Pareto optimization algorithm, which has various useful properties as follows. It maintains an archive of bounded size, encourages an even distribution of points across the Pareto front, is computationally efficient, and we are able to prove a form of convergence. The method proposed here maintains evenness, efficiency, and cardinality, and provably converges under certain conditions but not all. Finally, the notions underlying our convergence proofs support a new way to rigorously define what is meant by "good spread of points" across a Pareto front, in the context of grid-based archiving schemes. This leads to proofs and conjectures applicable to archive sizing and grid sizing in any Pareto optimization algorithm maintaining a grid-based archive.
The development of scotopic sensitivity. (2000)

Rod photoreceptor sensitivity and peripheral, rod-mediated visual sensitivity develop concurrently. A parsimonious explanation is that rod photoreceptor sensitivity determines dark-adapted, rod-mediated visual sensitivity during development.
An Open Source H.323-SIP Gateway as BAsis for Supplementary Service Interworking (2001)

IP telephony is currently evolving from a more or less still experimental towards a carrier grade service which has the potential of extensive use both within the Internet as well as in Intranets. Currently we see the two signaling protocol families H.323 and SIP existing and further evolving simultaneously. For both, efforts are done to not only establish basic calls but to enable so called Supplementary Services. This is generally considered one precondition for replacing the functionality of existing conventional PBXs on top of a standard protocol. Nevertheless solutions that support more then just basic call scenarios are at the moment still often based on proprietary protocols or protocol extensions.
Aronson and Its Progeny: Limiting Derivative Actions through Demand Requirements, 19 J. Marshall L. Rev. 571 (1986) (1986)

The shareholder's derivative action has long been recognized as an "extraordinary remedy" empowering the shareholder to assert the legal rights of the corporation when the board of directors wrongfully declines to do so.'The function and value of the derivative law suit in the preservation of managerial integrity and corporate efficiency has, in recent years, emerged as a focal point of controversy in the legal and business communities."Disagreement has largely centered around the power which the corporate board should enjoy vis-a-vis shareholders and courts in controlling the institution and termination of derivative actions.'More specifically, attention
Transport of dendritic microtubules establishes their nonuniform polarity orientation. (1995)

The immature processes that give rise to both axons and dendrites contain microtubules (MTs) that are uniformly oriented with their plus-ends distal to the cell body, and this pattern is preserved in the developing axon. In contrast, developing dendrites gradually acquire nonuniform MT polarity orientation due to the addition of a subpopulation of oppositely oriented MTs (Baas, P. W., M. M. Black, and G. A. Banker. 1989. J. Cell Biol. 109:3085-3094). In theory, these minus-end-distal MTs could be locally nucleated and assembled within the dendrite itself, or could be transported into the dendrite after their nucleation within the cell body. To distinguish between these possibilities, we exposed cultured hippocampal neurons to nanomolar levels of vinblastine after one of the immature processes had developed into the axon but before the others had become dendrites. At these levels, vinblastine acts as a kinetic stabilizer of MTs, inhibiting further assembly while not substantially depolymerizing existing MTs. This treatment did not abolish dendritic differentiation, which occurred in timely fashion over the next two to three days. The resulting dendrites were flatter and shorter than controls, but were identifiable by their ultrastructure, chemical composition, and thickened tapering morphology. The growth of these dendrites was accompanied by a diminution of MTs from the cell body, indicating a net transfer of MTs from one compartment into the other. During this time, minus-end-distal microtubules arose in the experimental dendrites, indicating that new MT assembly is not required for the acquisition of nonuniform MT polarity orientation in the dendrite. Minus-end-distal microtubules predominated in the more proximal region of experimental dendrites, indicating that most of the MTs at this stage of development are transported into the dendrite with their minus-ends leading. These observations indicate that transport of MTs from the cell body is an essential feature of dendritic development, and that this transport establishes the nonuniform polarity orientation of MTs in the dendrite.