gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mesh networks; a new architecture for broadband wireless access systems (2000)

This paper describes the attributes and practical realisation of mesh architectures for broadband wireless access (BWA) deployment. The mesh concept eliminates the need for base stations and instead uses an arrangement of short point-to-point connections that evolves as subscribers join the system. This inherently simple concept can be developed to produce systems with many attractive advantages for operators and subscribers. Future services will require high data rates, complete flexibility in the ratio of traffic received to traffic sent, low cost equipment and capability to reach virtually any subscriber who wants service. As deployment moves from the relatively high revenue business subscriber towards mass-market deployment, issues such as high levels of coverage, spectral efficiency, capacity, co-existence and ease of deployment become increasingly important. Mesh solutions offer substantial benefits in all these areas.
Universal Dialogue Specification for Conversational Systems. (1999)

Spoken Language Dialogue Systems which allow for spontaneous speech are not very widely spread. You find a few systems in application domains such as train time-table information or flight ticket reservation (see Bernsen et al. (1998) for an overview). One reason for the lack of good interactive dialogue systems is their complexity. To develop a system which is able to handle more than simple commands and phrases requires a lot of experience and time. For every application domain different kinds of knowledge bases have to be specified. To be able to accelerate this process and to make it also transparent for non-experts we are currently working on methods and tools which support this development. Our aim is to provide specification models which are universal enough to be interpreted within different dialogue systems, i.e. different implementations of generic conversational systems. With the help of special design methods and a uniform representation of data the tools will allow a consistent specification of dialogue systems and a transformation between different models.
Using Electrons for Microanalysis (1944)

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Les Surréalistes belges, lecteurs de Lautréamont (1999)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Quantification of <sup>15</sup>N-Nitrate in Urine with Gas Chromatography Combustion Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry to Estimate Endogenous NO Production (2009)

The use of stable isotope labeled substrates and subsequent analysis of urinary nitrate, forms a noninvasive test for evaluation of the in vivo NO metabolism. The present paper describes a new method for simultaneous quantification of (15)N-nitrate and total nitrate with gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). Nitrate, isolated from urine with a nitrate selective resin, was reduced to nitrite using copperized cadmium. Subsequently, Sudan I was formed by diazotation. Sudan II was added as internal standard, and both molecules were analyzed with GC-C-IRMS as tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. The accuracy was determined during a recovery study of two different known nitrate concentrations and two (15)N-enrichments. A recovery of 101.6% and 103.9% for total nitrate and 107.6% and 91.2% for (15)N-nitrate was obtained, respectively. The validated method was applied on complete 72 h urine collections after intravenous administration of (15)N-nitrate and (15)N-arginine in humans. On average, 51.8% (47.0-71.0%) of administered (15)N-nitrate was excreted, while 0.68% (0.44-1.17%) of (15)N-arginine was metabolized to nitrate. In conclusion, this method can be used for accurate simultaneous determination of (15)N-nitrate and total nitrate concentrations in urine and can be applied in clinical studies for noninvasive evaluation of NO metabolism in vivo.
Determination of ejection temperature and cooling time in injection molding (1992)

Abstract Estimation of cooling time for a given injection molding part is becoming increasingly important, especially when a large number of parts are produced. In order to calculate the cooling time, the ejection temperature should be known. However, to date, there is no easy way to obtain the ejection temperature even though the material selected and part thickness are known. This study uses a combination of experimental, analytical, and statistical means to establish equations for calculating ejection temperature according to material properties, part thickness, and molding conditions such as injection and mold temperatures. Therefore the cooling time of a given injection molding part can be estimated in its early design stage.
A miniature jumping robot with self-recovery capabilities (2009)

In nature, many animals are able to jump, upright themselves after landing and jump again. This allows them to move in unstructured and rough terrain. As a further development of our previously presented 7 g jumping robot, we consider various mechanisms enabling it to recover and upright after landing and jump again. After a weighted evaluation of these different solutions, we present a spherical system with a mass of 9.8 g and a diameter of 12 cm that is able to jump, upright itself after landing and jump again. In order to do so autonomously, it has a control unit and sensors to detect its orientation and spring charging state. With its current configuration it can overcome obstacles of 76 cm at a take-off angle of 75°.
A Distinct Seven-residue Trigger Sequence Is Indispensable for Proper Coiled-coil Formation of the Human Macrophage Scavenger Receptor Oligomerization Domain (2000)

We have recently identified a distinct 13-residue sequence pattern that occurs with limited sequence variations in many two-stranded coiled coils but not in trimers, tetramers, or pentamers. This coiled-coil trigger pattern was demonstrated to be indispensable for the assembly of the oligomerization domain of the actin-bundling protein cortexillin I from Dictyostelium discoideum and the leucine zipper domain of the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4. With the aim to extend our knowledge on trigger sequences we have investigated the human macrophage scavenger receptor type A oligomerization domain as a representative of three-stranded coiled coils. We prepared a variety of recombinant N- and C-terminal deletion mutants from the full-length oligomerization domain by heterologous gene expression in Escherichia coli and assessed their ability to form trimeric coiled-coil structures by circular dichroism spectroscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation. Deletion mapping identified a distinct seven-residue sequence that was absolutely required for proper coiled-coil formation, supporting our previous results that heptad repeats alone are not sufficient for oligomerization. The finding that all fragments containing this particular sequence exhibited similar thermal stabilities indicates primarily a stabilizing function of the coiled-coil trigger. Based on sequence similarity, we suggest that functionally related sites are present in other three-stranded coiled-coil proteins.
Loan lending magic (1996)

New technology revolutionizes the loan process as automatic loan machines spark the interest of the banking community.
Spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of lissamine rhodamine, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate, texas red, and cyanine 3.18 fluorophores: influences of some environmental factors recorded with a confocal laser scanning microscope. (1995)

We report on the spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of four commonly used fluorophores: lissamine rhodamine (LRSC); tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC); Texas Red; and cyanine 3.18 (Cy-3). Fluorescence lifetime recordings revealed that these spectrally overlapping fluorophores can be individually detected by their lifetimes, indicating that at least four fluorophores can be individually identified in discrete tissue domains by confocal microscopy. A further advantage of lifetime recordings is that fluorophores that emit light within the same wavelength band can be used and chromatic aberrations are therefore circumvented, thereby improving the spatial accuracy in imaging of multiple fluorophores. Low and high pH, respectively, tended to influence fluorophore emission spectra and fluorescence lifetime. IgG conjugation of the fluorophores tended to shift the spectra towards longer wavelengths and to change the fluorescence lifetimes. The IgG-conjugated form of the fluorophores may, when applied to tissue specimens, change the emission spectrum and lifetime. In addition, different tissue embedding procedures may influence fluorescence lifetime. These observations emphasize the importance of spectral and lifetime characterization of fluorescent probes within the chemical context in which they will be used experimentally. Changes in spectra and fluorescence lifetimes may be a useful tool to gain information about the chemical environment of the fluorophores.
Hexanucleotide Repeats in ALS/FTD Form Length-Dependent RNA Foci, Sequester RNA Binding Proteins, and Are Neurotoxic (2013)

The GGGGCC (G4C2) intronic repeat expansion within C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Intranuclear neuronal RNA foci have been observed in ALS and FTD tissues, suggesting that G4C2 RNA may be toxic. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of 38× and 72× G4C2 repeats form intranuclear RNA foci that initiate apoptotic cell death in neuronal cell lines and zebrafish embryos. The foci colocalize with a subset of RNA binding proteins, including SF2, SC35, and hnRNP-H in transfected cells. Only hnRNP-H binds directly to G4C2 repeats following RNA immunoprecipitation, and only hnRNP-H colocalizes with 70% of G4C2 RNA foci detected in C9ORF72 mutant ALS and FTD brain tissues. We show that expanded G4C2 repeats are potently neurotoxic and bind hnRNP-H and other RNA binding proteins. We propose that RNA toxicity and protein sequestration may disrupt RNA processing and contribute to neurodegeneration.
Developing a robust geologic conceptual model using pseudo 3-D P-wave seismic reflection data (2009)

As part of a multiscale hydrogeophysical and modeling study, a pseudo three-dimensional (3-D) seismic survey was conducted over a contaminant plume at P area, Savannah River site (South Carolina), to enhance the existing geologic model by resolving uncertainties in the lithostratigraphic sequence. The geometry of the dissolved phase trichloroethylene plume, based on initial site characterization, appears to be confined to a narrow corridor within the Eocene sand overlying a clay unit approximately 25 m (82 ft) below land surface. Processing the seismic data as a 3-D data volume instead of a series of closely spaced two-dimensional lines allowed for better interpretation of the target horizons, the lower clay, and the sand above the clay. Calibrating the seismic data with existing borehole geophysical logs, core data as well as vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data allowed the seismic data to be inverted from two-way traveltime to depth, thereby facilitating full integration of the seismic data into a solid earth model that is the basic part of a site conceptual model. The outcome was the production of realistic horizon surface maps that show that two channel complexes are located on the section, which are not present in the conceptual model, and that the upper and middle clays are not laterally continuous as previously thought. The geometry of the primary channel has been transposed over the map view of the plume to investigate potential relationships between the shape of the plume and the presence of the channel.
Pluggable photonic circuit platform using a novel passive alignment method (2017)

We propose a novel passive alignment method for multiple silica-based planar lightwave circuit (PLC) interconnections. The method employs grooves for fitting formed on a silica-based PLC with optical fibers. We achieved low-loss PLC interconnections with the method. The method is a promising way of realizing cost-effective and pluggable multi-PLC integration.
Leptin and Ghrelin in Relation to<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Status in Adult Males (2008)

These findings provide evidence that H. pylori status affects leptin and ghrelin homeostasis, presumably via intragastric interactions.
Production of Bioactive Cellulose Films Reconstituted from Ionic Liquids (2004)

A new method for introducing enzymes into cellulosic matrixes which can be formed into membranes, films, or beads has been developed using a cellulose-in-ionic-liquid dissolution and regeneration process. Initial results on the formation of thin cellulose films incorporating dispersed laccase indicate that active enzyme-encapsulated films can be prepared using this methodology and that precoating the enzyme with a second, hydrophobic ionic liquid prior to dispersion in the cellulose/ionic liquid solution can provide an increase in enzyme activity relative to that of untreated films, presumably by providing a stabilizing microenvironment for the enzyme.
Expression of sarcoma-associated antigens p102 and p200 in human sarcoma cell lines. (1996)

The heterogeneity and cell cycle dependence of p102/p200 antigen expression in sarcoma cells suggest that monoclonal antibodies 19-24-6 and 29-13-17 might be applied to the immunotherapy of sarcoma.
Integrating power and reserve trade in electricity networks (Extended Abstract) (2011)

In power markets, the trade of reserve energy will become more important as more intermittent generation is traded. In this work, we propose a novel bidding mechanism for the integration of power and reserve markets. It adds expressivity to reserve bids and facilitates planning 1 .
Monitoring osteoarthritis in the rat model using optical coherence tomography (2005)

The use of OCT in combination with the induction of OA in rats is a promising new animal model for assessing articular changes with the goal of monitoring therapeutics longitudinally. Future work will extend the model to in vivo assessments.
Macrophage receptors for IgE: binding of IgE to specific IgE Fc receptors on a human macrophage cell line, U937. (1981)

Human IgE was found to bind to the human macrophage line U937. Binding was specific for IgE in that it was inhibited by 3 different human IgE myeloma proteins and by Fc fragments prepared from IgE, but not by IgE Fab fragments or by myeloma proteins representative of the 4 IgG subclasses or by a rat IgE myeloma protein. Dissociation and association rates were rapid, with estimated t1/2 of less than 1 min. The Ka was 4.15 X 10(7) liter/mol. Between 53,000 and 93,000 sites per cell were calculated. The U937 receptor for IgE was trypsin sensitive, whereas the receptor for IgG on the same cell was relatively trypsin resistant.
Polarization dependent electromagnetic band-gap surfaces: characterization, designs, and applications (2004)

Electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures have been widely explored in recent years. Due to their unique electromagnetic features, various antenna and device applications have been reported. One important feature of EBG structures is the in-phase reflection coefficient, which enables one to design low profile antennas without losing radiation efficiency. However, most research is focused on square unit EBG surfaces that are independent on polarization states. In this paper, polarization dependent EBG (PDEBG) surfaces are investigated. A numerical model, various EBG surface designs, and potential antenna applications are presented.
과학 수업 및 과학의 본성에 대한 초등 교사의 인식 (1995)

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary teachers` understanding on the nature of science and science teaching. A total of 174 elementary teachers was involved and the data from questionnaire was gathered. The questionnaire was comprised of two categories, items on the nature of science and items on the science teaching. The questionnaire responses were analyzed through 2 factor analysis of variance and two categories were compared. The results showed that elementary teachers had not consistent views on the nature of science and science teaching. They had a little biased view toward classical philosophy of science, while they had a tendency toward modern philosophical view of science on the science teaching. In general, there was no significant difference in teachers` responses by sex and teaching career, but young male teachers showed a tendency toward modern philosophy of science, while young female teachers showed a tendency toward classical philosophy of science.
Ultra wide-band body area channel model (2005)

Using wireless sensors placed on a person to continuously monitor health information is a promising new application. However, there are currently no models describing the radio channel around the human body making it difficult to design a suitable communication system. To address this problem, we have simulated electromagnetic wave propagation around the body and incorporated these results into a simple model. We then compared this model with measurements taken around the human torso and with previous studies in the literature. This paper proposes a simple statistical channel model useful for evaluating both UWB and (after resampling) narrow-band body area communication systems.
Pd-Supported N/S-Codoped Graphene-Like Carbons Boost Quinoline Hydrogenation Activity (2019)

Pd nanoparticles (∼2.1 nm) supported on biomolecule-derived graphene-like carbons have been studied as highly active and stable catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of quinolines. A novel strategy is developed by pyrolysis of guanine with H2SO4, yielding heteroatom-doped (N/O, N/O/S) and minimally layered carbon nanosheets with large accessible areas, which can facilitate mass transfer and stabilize Pd nanoparticles. XPS results indicate that the intensity ratio of Pd0/Pd2+ increases with N/S codoping in graphene-like carbons, suggesting a significant correlation between support properties and electronic structure of Pd species. N/O/S-codoped Pd@GS1000 shows substantially enhanced activity for quinoline hydrogenation reactions, with almost >99% conversion and >99% selectivity to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline under mild catalytic conditions, superior to Pd@G1000 (without sulfur doping) and the reference Pd/OCNT catalyst. Further investigation indicates that sulfur-containing carbon nanosheets strongly interact with metal supports, and thus metallic Pd can be regarded as an active center for hydrogenation reactions. This work may provide a framework for the development of promising applications of supported catalysts based on ultrathin carbon nanosheets in fine chemical production.
Field-assisted semiconductor photoemitters for the 1&#8212;2-&#181;m range (1980)

Photoemission data and model calculations are presented for a field-assisted semiconductor photoemitter which has achieved reflection-mode quantum efficiencies as high as 8.0 percent at 1.55 µm. The cathodes are p-p heterostructures employing lattice-matched InP-InGaAsP alloys. A thin electron semitransparent Schottky barrier provides the biasing contact for field-assisted electron emission. Parameters for optimal photoemission and sources of dark-current emission are discussed.
Isolation of Retinal Stem Cells from the Mouse Eye (2010)

The adult mouse retinal stem cell (RSC) is a rare quiescent cell found within the ciliary epithelium (CE) of the mammalian eye(1,2,3). The CE is made up of non-pigmented inner and pigmented outer cell layers, and the clonal RSC colonies that arise from a single pigmented cell from the CE are made up of both pigmented and non-pigmented cells which can be differentiated to form all the cell types of the neural retina and the RPE. There is some controversy about whether all the cells within the spheres all contain at least some pigment(4); however the cells are still capable of forming the different cell types found within the neural retina(1-3). In some species, such as amphibians and fish, their eyes are capable of regeneration after injury(5), however; the mammalian eye shows no such regenerative properties. We seek to identify the stem cell in vivo and to understand the mechanisms that keep the mammalian retinal stem cells quiescent(6-8), even after injury as well as using them as a potential source of cells to help repair physical or genetic models of eye injury through transplantation(9-12). Here we describe how to isolate the ciliary epithelial cells from the mouse eye and grow them in culture in order to form the clonal retinal stem cell spheres. Since there are no known markers of the stem cell in vivo, these spheres are the only known way to prospectively identify the stem cell population within the ciliary epithelium of the eye.
Optimal Distribution Feeder Reconfiguration with Distributed Generation Using Intelligent Techniques (2018)

Feeder reconfiguration is performed by changing the open/close status of switches. Primary distribution networks contain two types of switches, known as tie switches (normally open) and sectionalizing switches (normally closed). These switches are designed for both protection and configuration purposes. A whole feeder or part of a feeder may be served from another feeder by closing a tie switch linking the two while an appropriate sectionalizing switch must be opened to maintain the radial structure of the system. In this paper the problem is formulated as a multi-objective problem considering four objectives related to minimization of the system power loss, minimization of the deviations of the nodes voltage, minimization of branch current violation and minimization of feeder's currents imbalance. Since these objectives are different and difficult to be solved by the conventional approaches that may optimize only a single objective. A new approach, based on the Differential Evolution algorithm (DE), is presented, allowing the topological and electrical constraints to be satisfied. DE is a well-known and uncomplicated population based probabilistic approach for comprehensive optimization. This paper also aims to include the effects of Distributor Generators (DGs) outputs. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using two different test systems, 16 and 33-bus distribution network having three substations and one substation respectively. The proposed algorithm is also compared to some alternative methods such as Genetic Algorithm.
Inactivation of the<i>Pseudomonas putida</i>KT2440<i>dsbA</i>gene promotes extracellular matrix production and biofilm formation (2009)

To identify genes essential to biofilm formation in Pseudomonas putida KT2440, 12 mutants defective in oxidative stress-related or metabolic pathway-related genes were evaluated. Of them, only the dsbA mutant lacking the disulfide bond isomerase exhibited significantly increased attachment to the polystyrene surface. Visual evaluation by extracellular matrix staining and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the KT2440-DeltadsbA strain displays enhanced extracellular matrix production, rugose colony morphology on agar plates and floating pellicles in static culture. Accordingly, we propose that deletion of the dsbA gene may stimulate production of the extracellular matrix, resulting in those phenotypes. In addition, the lack of detectable fluorescence in the KT2440-DeltadsbA under UV light as well as in both the wild type and the KT2440-DeltadsbA when grown on Luria-Bertani plates containing ferrous iron suggests that the fluorescent molecule may be a fluorescent siderophore with its synthesis/secretion controlled by DsbA in KT2440. These phenotypic defects observed in the dsbA mutant were complemented by the full-length KT2440 and Escherichia coli dsbA genes. In contrast to the role of DsbA in other bacteria, our results provide the first evidence that disruption of P. putida KT2440 dsbA gene overproduces the extracellular matrix and thus promotes biofilm formation.