gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antimagnets: controlling magnetic fields with superconductor–metamaterial hybrids (2011)

Magnetism is very important in science and technology, from magnetic recording to energy generation to trapping cold atoms. Physicists have managed to master magnetism - to create and manipulate magnetic fields- almost at will. Surprisingly, there is at least one property which until now has been elusive: how to 'switch off' the magnetic interaction of a magnetic material with existing magnetic fields without modifying them. Here we introduce the antimagnet, a design to conceal the magnetic response of a given volume from its exterior, without altering the external magnetic fields, somehow analogous to the recent theoretical proposals for cloaking electromagnetic waves with metamaterials. However, different from these devices requiring extreme material properties, our device is feasible and needs only two kinds of available materials: superconductors and isotropic magnetic materials. Antimagnets may have applications in magnetic-based medical techniques such as MRI or in reducing the magnetic signature of vessels or planes.
[Effect of thioctic acid (alpha-limpoic acid) on the chemotherapeutic efficacy of cyclophosphamide and vincristine sulfate]. (1983)

Pretreatment with thioctic acid has no negative influence on the chemotherapeutic efficacy of cyclophosphamide against i.p. transplanted Yoshida sarcoma and vincristine sulfate against i.p. transplanted Walker carcinosarcoma 256. The toxic side effects of vincristine sulfate are lowered to such a degree that an increase results in median survival time compared to animals treated only with vincristine sulfate. A diminution of the toxic side effects of cyclophosphamide due to adjuvant treatment with thioctic acid could not be proven.
What does clean EEG look like? (2012)

Lack of a clear analytical metric for identifying artifact free, clean electroencephalographic (EEG) signals inhibits robust comparison of different artifact removal methods and lowers confidence in the results of EEG analysis. An algorithm is presented for identifying clean EEG epochs by thresholding statistical properties of the EEG. Thresholds are trained on EEG datasets from both healthy subjects and stroke / spinal cord injury patient populations via differential evolution (DE).
Septal Perforation Repair With Acellular Human Dermal Allograft (1998)

Acellular human dermal grafts can be used as connective tissue interpositional grafts in the repair of septal perforations with success rates similar to the use of temporalis fascia, mastoid periosteum, or pericranium. One distinct advantage is the absence of donor-site morbidity. In addition, this graft material is thicker and easier to place and suture and may give more substance to the repaired septum.
Polymerization of methyl methacrylate induced with the peracid‐type ion exchange resin (1971)

Abstract The polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated with a peracid‐type resin was studied. The peracid‐type resin was prepared by the oxidation of cation‐exchange resin (Amberlite IRC‐50) with 60 wt‐% aqueous hydrogen peroxide in the presence of p ‐toluenesulfonic acid. It was found that the peracid‐type resin was effective as an initiator for polymerization of methyl methacrylate. The kinetic investigation indicated that this polymerization proceeded by a radical mechanism, and the overall activation energy of polymerization was 15.8 kcal/mole. No effect of macromolecular catalyst on steric structure of the resulting polymer was observed. Some graft polymer was formed in bulk polymerization. On the other hand, only a homopolymer was obtained in solution polymerization. From the results obtained, a possible mechanism of initiation with the peracid‐type resin is proposed and discussed.
Size Characterization and Quantification of Exosomes by Asymmetrical-Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (2015)

In the past few years extracellular vesicles called exosomes have gained huge interest of scientific community since they show a great potential for human diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, an ongoing challenge is accurate size characterization and quantification of exosomes because of the lack of reliable characterization techniques. In this work, the emphasis was focused on a method development to size-separate, characterize, and quantify small amounts of exosomes by asymmetrical-flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) technique coupled to a multidetection system (UV and MALS). Batch DLS (dynamic light-scattering) and NTA (nanoparticle tracking analysis) analyses of unfractionated exosomes were also conducted to evaluate their shape and internal structure, as well as their number density. The results show significant influence of cross-flow conditions and channel thickness on fractionation quality of exosomes, whereas the focusing time has less impact. The AF4/UV-MALS and DLS results display the presence of two particles subpopulations, that is, the larger exosomes and the smaller vesicle-like particles, which coeluted in AF4 together with impurities in early eluting peak. Compared to DLS and AF4-MALS results, NTA somewhat overestimates the size and the number density for larger exosome population, but it discriminates the smaller particle population.
Magnetocardiography: Ventricular arrhythmias (1993)

Since 1985, magnetocardiographic (MCG) mapping has been carried out in patients with severe ventricular arrhythmias, related to primary cardiomyopathy and ischaemic heart disease, for the purpose of non-invasive localization of the arrhythmogenic substrate or to screen patients at risk of sudden death. Data reported by several authors have demonstrated that magnetocardiography is useful to investigate non-invasively some of the possible electrogenetic abnormalities underlying clinical arrhythmias and to identify patients at risk of sudden death through the detection of late magnetic fields and quantitative estimation of repolarization/depolarization abnormalities. In this paper all the above-mentioned applications have been briefly reviewed. Experience based on 35 patients, with Lown class 3 or higher ventricular arrhythmias, who have been studied magnetically, to localize the site of origin of their ventricular arrhythmia and to calculate their Relative Smoothness Index is described. Reproducible MCG three-dimensional localization of both ventricular extrasystoles and sustained tachycardia proved possible, using even single channel instrumentation, with an accuracy in the order of 10 mm as demonstrated by inverse localization of a biomagnetic catheter. The RS index was significantly lower in patients with cardiomyopathy or sudden death, but this parameter needs further investigation, as methodological drawbacks could impair its clinical reliability. In conclusion, MCG localization of the arrhythmogenic substrate can be useful to guide aimed invasive electrophysiology, biopsy and ablation close to the arrhythmogenic substrate.
Aldosterone receptor antagonists for heart failure: current status, future indications. (2006)

Many patients with heart failure should receive an aldosterone receptor antagonist, ie, either spironolactone (Aldactone) or the newer agent eplerenone (Inspra)--in addition to an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) or both, and a beta-blocker. We review the evidence and indications.
Stimulation of adrenal mitochondrial cholesterol side-chain cleavage by GTP, steroidogenesis activator polypeptide (SAP), and sterol carrier protein2. GTP and SAP act synergistically. (1991)

Several factors are known to stimulate cholesterol side-chain cleavage in isolated adrenal mitochondria, including steroidogenesis activator polypeptide (SAP), GTP, and sterol carrier protein2 (SCP2). All of these reportedly function at the level of the translocation of cholesterol to the inner membrane wherein side-chain cleavage to form pregnenolone occurs. We have investigated the activating effects of these factors alone and in combination. Under conditions where exogenous cholesterol is provided and multiple turnovers of a transport system are required, GTP stimulated steroidogenesis in isolated mitochondria and in adrenal homogenates, and this effect was enhanced by a GTP regenerating system. SAP alone had little effect under these conditions, but synergized with GTP to stimulate cholesterol metabolism. A truncated SAP analog and a variant from the C terminus of the minor heat-shock protein GRP78 had similar effects, but an unrelated peptide had no effect. GTP stimulated side-chain cleavage with the same EC50 in both resting mitochondria (from dexamethasone-treated rats) and in activated mitochondria (from ether-treated rats), but SAP effects were most apparent in resting mitochondria. In contrast, SCP2 stimulation was additive with other factors, suggesting an independent mechanism of action. While the data are consistent with biological roles for these factors, the relatively small magnitude of the in vitro effects may indicate that cell disruption and mitochondrial isolation disrupt important structural or other features which are necessary for the full expression of the steroidogenic response.
The interaction of parallel programming constructs and coherence protocols (1997)

Some of the most common parallel programming idioms include locks, barriers, and reduction operations. The interaction of these programming idioms with the multiprocessor's coherence protocol has a significant impact on performance. In addition, the advent of machines that support multiple coherence protocols prompts the question of how to best implement such parallel constructs, i.e. what combination of implementation and coherence protocol yields the best performance. In this paper we study the running time and communication behavior of (1) centralized (ticket) and MCS spin locks, (2) centralized, dissemination, and tree-based barriers, and (3) parallel and sequential reductions, under pure and competitive update coherence protocols; results for write-invalidate protocol are presented mostly for comparison purposes. Our experiments indicate that parallel programming techniques that are well-established for write invalidate protocols, such as MCS locks and parallel reductions, are often inappropriate for update-based protocols. In contrast, techniques such as dissemination and tree barriers achieve superior performance under update-based protocols. Our results also show that the implementation of parallel programming idioms must take the coherence protocol into account, since update-based protocols often lead to different design decisions than write invalidate protocols. Our main conclusion is that protocol-conscious implementation of parallel programming structures can significantly improve application performance; for multiprocessors that can support more than one coherence protocol both the protocol and implementation should betaken into account when exploiting parallel constructs.
Performance of all-NbN quasi-optical SIS mixers for the terahertz band (2001)

We have designed, fabricated, and tested terahertz superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixers having a self-compensated NbN/AlN/NbN tunnel junction and an epitaxially grown NbN/MgO/NbN microstripline. The junction as a distributed element was 0.8-/spl mu/m wide and 2.4-/spl mu/m long, and its current density was 50 kA/cm/sup 2/. The microstripline consisted of a 200-nm-thick NbN ground plane, a 180-nm-thick MgO insulator, and a 350-nm-thick NbN wiring layer. An investigation of the mixer in our receiver configuration showed flat noise characteristics from 870 to 960 GHz. The lowest receiver noise temperature of about 550 K was obtained at 909 GHz, including a 9-/spl mu/m-thick Mylar beam splitter loss and other optical losses. These characteristics suggest that SIS mixers with self-compensated NbN/AlN/NbN junctions and NbN/MgO/NbN microstriplines are appropriate for used in wideband and low-noise operations at terahertz frequencies.
ELECTROLYTIC AND CHEMICAL POLISHING (1956)

Apart from two or three experiments at the beginning of the century, methods of polishing metallic surfaces by a process of anodic dissolution—electro-polishing or electrolytic polishing—have been known only for the last 25 years. Recently it has been discovered that electric current is not always indispensable, and as a result techniques of chemical polishing have been elaborated, which are limited to certain metallic materials and much less general in their applications.
A Design for File Access in a Mobile Environment (1994)

Reducing communication cost is important-in a mobile enuironment, because transmission of data over the radio link is slow, expensive, and unreliable. Providing data consistencg is crucial because-many mobile applilcations are database applications which rely on consistent data. In this paper we propose a design for a fiIe access mechanism specific to a mobile environment. Our two main design goals are to reduce communication cost and to provide data consistency. We reduce the amount of communication by extensive use of caching, profile inforrnation (files the user accesses), a proxy process, delayed writes, and availability of loose-reads. We provide data consistency by using the prony services, a centralized data rnanager with callbacks, and strict-reads. Our design is general enough to suit the needs of both mobile database and office applicati,ons.
A Phase I Trial of the Dual Farnesyltransferase and Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123 and Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (2004)

The combination of L-778,123 and radiotherapy at dose level 1 showed acceptable toxicity in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Radiosensitization of a patient-derived pancreatic cancer cell line was observed.
Vessel tracking in peripheral CTA datasets-an overview (2002)

We describe the results of the literature review focused on the peripheral vessel segmentation in 3D medical datasets, acquired by computer tomography angiography (CTA) of the human leg. The fundamental aim of such a segmentation task is a robust method for the detection of main vessels in the leg that simultaneously preserves the vessel calcification (the sediment is called plaque) and allows localization of vessel narrowings (called stenoses). This segmentation has to be free from artifacts, i.e., without false detections of stenoses and without false omitting of any stenotic part. The paper collects seven methods applicable for vessel segmentation.
History, Introduction, and Kinetics of Ion Exchange Materials (2013)

During the last few decades, ion exchange materials have evolved from laboratory tool to industrial products with significant technical and commercial impact. The current paper briefly summarizes the history of the development of the ion exchange materials. The paper defines the ion exchange materials and their types. The paper signifies the kinetics involved in the ion exchange process with description of factors affecting the rate of ion exchange. The mechanism of ion exchange has also been delineated through schematic diagram, illustrating that there are two types of diffusion, film and particle controlled diffusion. A brief of mathematical approach for kinetics of ion exchange has also been incorporated.
The relationship between carbohydrate composition of some tree seeds and their longevity (1994)

Journal Article The relationship between carbohydrate composition of some tree seeds and their longevity Get access Tsan-Piao Lin, Tsan-Piao Lin 1 Tree Seed Laboratory, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute53 Nan-Hai Road, Taipei, Taiwan 1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +886 2 314 2234 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nai-Hong Huang Nai-Hong Huang Tree Seed Laboratory, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute53 Nan-Hai Road, Taipei, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 45, Issue 9, September 1994, Pages 1289–1294, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/45.9.1289 Published: 01 September 1994 Article history Received: 06 January 1994 Accepted: 20 May 1994 Published: 01 September 1994
Miniaturization of Powder Dissolution Measurement and Estimation of Particle Size (2009)

Abstract The objective was to investigate the applicability and limitations of an approach for estimating particle size from powder dissolution measurement using as little as 50 μg of sample in 1 ml of buffer solutions. The powder dissolution profiles of five sparingly‐soluble drugs (hydrochlorothiazide, phenazopyridine hydrochloride, 2‐naphthoic acid, indomethacin, and dipyridamole) were evaluated with a novel biexponential spherical particle equation and also the Wang–Flanagan spherical particle non‐sink equation. The results were compared to particle sizing based on measured specific surface area by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller ( BET ) method, and also based on Coulter counting. With the exception of hydrochlorothiazide, the model compounds indicated some agglomeration in the dissolution media. The dry‐state specific surface area was larger than expected from either the Coulter method or the powder‐dissolution data, especially for phenazopyridine hydrochloride. The particle radii estimated by the powder dissolution method ranged from 10 to 68 μm, with equilibrium solubilities spanning from 5 μg/ml (dipyridamole) to 911 μg/ml (hydrochlorothiazide). Powder dissolution data collected with the miniaturized apparatus can be used to determine particle size, with estimated values agreeing reasonably with those measured by the Coulter counter method.
Targeting Protein Multiple Conformations: A Structure-Based Strategy for Kinase Drug Design (2007)

Multiple conformations of a protein kinase target offer an opportunity to design small-molecule inhibitors with distinct but clinically useful profiles. This article analyzes and classifies the binding pockets in the kinase catalytic cleft in different conformational states. Targeting kinase multiple conformations as an emerging strategy in the field is exemplified with important small-molecule agents in the clinic. The structure-based analysis in the paper provides a rationale for thwarting the development of drug-resistant mutations in antikinase therapy.
Oxysterols in cap and core of human advanced atherosclerotic lesions (1999)

The findings suggest that the different lipid and oxidised lipid contents of cap and core may be due to variations in oxidative activity in different parts of the lesion.
Glycidyl Ether Reactions with Amines (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlycidyl Ether Reactions with AminesLeon Shechter, John Wynstra, and Raymond P. KurkjyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 1, 94–97Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1956https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50553a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views7941Altmetric-Citations314LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (623 KB) Get e-Alerts
SoftRDMA (2017)

Recent academic and industrial work is exploring the challenges of using RDMA over Ethernet, to support highly reliable, latency-sensitive services in today's datacenters. Previous work on the high-speed packet I/O like netmap, DPDK, etc., and high-performance user-level stacks like mTCP, IX etc., rekindles our inspirations to implement a high-performance software RDMA over commodity Ethernet devices.
TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING (2018)

A control scheme for laser sintering has been developed which maintains sintering powder at\nconstant temperature by actively controlling laser power. It uses a sensor to monitor the\ntemperature of powder at the focus of a moving laser beam. The control scheme corrects for\nvariations ofthermal conductivity and powder reflectivity due to the proximity of previously\nsintered material, as well as for statistical fluctuations. The sensor also serves as a useful\ndiagnostic, and is used to confirm model predictions ofthe variation of powder temperature with\nprocess parameters. A second temperature-controlled laser beam, concentric with the first, but of\nlarger spot size, can be used to locally heat the powder around the sintering powder. This is\nshown to reduce curling as well as the balling or agglomeration of molten material
Reactivity of thionitrate esters: putative intermediates in nitrovasodilator activity (1996)

J. D. Artz, K. Yang, J. Lock, C. Sanchez, B. M. Bennett and G. R. J. Thatcher, Chem. Commun., 1996, 927 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960000927
Compact L-band High Performance Self-bias GaN Power Amplifier (2020)

This paper presents a compact high performance L-band GaN power amplifier. It uses a 3.6 mm gate width die for input and output matching. The circuit uses self-bias technology to realize single power supply. Finally, under the condition of 32V single power supply bias, 300 $\mu$s pulse width and 15% duty cycle, the output power of the amplifier is more than 20W, the gain is more than 15dB and the power additional efficiency(PAE) is more than 58% in the frequency band of 1.2 $\sim$ 1.4 GHz. The whole circuit is soldered in a 17.4mm $\times 24$ mm metal and ceramic package, which fully demonstrates the excellent performance of the self-bias L-band GaN power amplifier.
Structure and mechanical properties of an aluminum alloy 1570 subjected to severe plastic deformation by high-pressure torsion (2008)

The effect of an ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure formed in an aluminum alloy 1570 using severe plastic deformation by high-pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature and at temperatures of 100 and 200°C on the mechanical properties (strength and plasticity) has been investigated. The specific features of the UFG states obtained have been studied by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The main regularities of changes in the structure characteristics of the alloy (the average grain size, size of coherent domains, magnitudes of microdeformations of the crystal lattice, dislocation density, and the lattice parameter) have been established depending on the temperature of the HPT treatment. The mechanical properties of the alloy after HPT have been estimated from the results of microhardness measurements and mechanical tests for tension. It has been established that after HPT performed at room temperature, the UFG alloy demonstrates an ultimately high level of strength (the microhardness, offset yield strength, and ultimate strength reach 2300, 905, and 950 MPa, respectively) and a marked plasticity (the relative elongation at fracture was 4.7%). The HPT treatment performed at higher temperatures insignificantly reduces the strength characteristics of the UFG material but leads to a substantial drop in its plasticity. This unusual mechanical behavior of the UFG alloy is discussed based on an analysis of the results of structural investigations.