gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overweight and Hypertension (1969)

The interrelationships between hypertension and obesity, two common and major health hazards, are reviewed. Comparisons of simultaneous intra-arterial and cuff blood pressure measurements indicate in general that the association between blood pressure and body weight is real and independent of arm circumference. Hypertension is more common among the obese than among the nonobese and, conversely, a significant proportion of hypertensive persons in the population are overweight. Obese hypertensive subjects experience a greater risk of coronary heart disease than the nonobese, and mortality rates for obese hypertensive persons are higher than for those with obesity alone or hypertension alone. Weight reduction has been shown to lower blood pressure, and it may bring about a more favorable prognosis in obese hypertensive persons. Possible mechanisms that may be responsible for the frequent association between obesity and hypertension have been discussed. Irrespective of the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, the adverse metabolic and hemodynamic effects of obesity upon hypertension impose an extra burden and strain on the circulatory system and compromise its functional adequacy. Although it is not precisely known to what extent weight reduction alone may be effective in controlling or preventing the lesser degrees of hypertension, the control of obesity should be an intrinsic part of any therapeutic or preventive antihypertensive regimen.
ColBERTv2: Effective and Efficient Retrieval via Lightweight Late Interaction (2022)

Keshav Santhanam, Omar Khattab, Jon Saad-Falcon, Christopher Potts, Matei Zaharia. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2022.
Die Verwendung von Au<sub>55</sub>‐Clustern als Quantenpunkte (1993)

Der Anfang ‐ oder das Ende ‐ des metallischen Zustands ist in ligandenstabilisierten Au 55 ‐Clustern erreicht Als Quantenpunkte mit zwei letzten „schaltbaren”︁ Elektronen sind diese das Nonplusultra der Miniaturisierung und können als mikroelektronische „Quantengeräte”︁ (quantum devices) verwendet werden.
Non-volatile memory device with true CMOS compatibility (1999)

A low-cost non-volatile memory device using a standard CMOS process without additional processing steps is investigated for embedded applications. The cell consists of a PMOS transistor in which no electrical contact is made to the gate electrode and a series NMOS access transistor. Experimental data show that sufficient read current and disturb lifetime can be achieved. Data retention characteristics are also examined.
Research utilization (1992)

Goode, Colleen R.N., M.S., C.N.A.A.; Bulechek, Gloria M. R.N., Ph.D. Author Information
Wake meandering: a pragmatic approach (2008)

Abstract The phenomenon of wake meandering is long known empirically, but has so far not been treated in a satisfactory manner on the wind turbine load modelling side. We present a consistent, physically based theory for wake meandering, which we consider of crucial importance for the overall description of wind turbine loadings in wind farms. In its present version, the model is confined to single wake situations—including a simple heuristic description of wake interaction with a reflecting surface. Contrary to previous attempts to model wind turbine wake loading, the present approach opens for a unifying description in the sense that turbine power and load aspects can be treated simultaneously. This capability is a direct and attractive consequence of the model being based on the underlying physical process, and it potentially opens for optimization of wind farm topology, wind farm operation, as well as control strategies for the individual turbine. The application of the proposed dynamic wake meandering methodology with existing aeroelastic codes is straightforward and does not involve any code modifications. The strategy is simply to embed the combined effect of atmospheric turbulence, added wake turbulence and the intermittent ‘turbulence contribution’, caused by wake meandering, in files replacing the traditional turbulence file input to aeroelastic computations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Salt Sensitive Tet-Off-Like Systems to Knockdown Primordial Germ Cell Genes for Repressible Transgenic Sterilization in Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (2017)

Repressible knockdown approaches were investigated for transgenic sterilization in channel catfish, <i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>. Two primordial germ cell (PGC) marker genes, <i>nanos</i> and <i>dead end</i>, were targeted for knockdown, and an off-target gene, <i>vasa</i>, was monitored. Two potentially salt sensitive repressible promoters, zebrafish <i>adenylosuccinate synthase 2</i> (ADSS) and zebrafish <i>racemase</i> (Rm), were each coupled with four knockdown strategies: ds-sh RNA targeting the 5' end (N1) or 3' end (N2) of channel catfish <i>nanos</i>, full-length cDNA sequence of channel catfish <i>nanos</i> for overexpression (cDNA) and ds-sh RNA targeting channel catfish <i>dead end</i> (DND). Each construct had an untreated group and treated group with sodium chloride as the repressor compound. Spawning rates of full-sibling P₁ fish exposed or not exposed to the constructs as treated and untreated embryos were 93% and 59%, respectively, indicating potential sterilization of fish and repression of the constructs. Although the mRNA expression data of PGC marker genes were inconsistent in P₁ fish, most F₁ individuals were able to downregulate the target genes in untreated groups and repress the knockdown process in treated groups. The results indicate that repressible transgenic sterilization is feasible for reproductive control of fish, but more data from F₂ or F₃ are needed for evaluation.
Hypervalent iodine(<scp>iii</scp>) fluorinations of alkenes and diazo compounds: new opportunities in fluorination chemistry (2016)

The fluorination of organic molecules is a rapidly evolving and exciting field in synthesis, which still poses huge challenges despite the advances made in the past decades. Hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents, which have already proven their versatility as synthetic tools in organic chemistry, are currently on the rise in fluorination chemistry. With their ability to break new mechanistic grounds, they grant access to completely new reactivities and thus also to novel fluorinated structural scaffolds. This review aims to provide an overview of the achievements made in the iodine(iii) mediated fluorinations of aliphatic Csp<sup>2</sup>-carbon atoms with special focus on the opportunities provided by this exciting class of hypervalent substances.
Laser resurfacing: the nurse's role. (1997)

CO2 laser resurfacing is an effective alternative to dermabrasion and chemical peels in the treatment of fine wrinkles, laugh lines, photodamaged, or acne scarred and pitted skin. Nurses play an important role in educating and treating patients, and in helping them comply with therapy.
Fibronectin and cellular cytotoxicity: evidence against a role for fibronectin in natural killer activity. (1987)

We investigated a possible role for fibronectin (Fn) in natural killer (NK) cell activity against K562 tumor cells. Plastic plates that had been incubated with Fn at 60 micrograms/ml bound 49.6% +/- 12.8% (mean +/- SEM) of K562 cells; plates coated with three other proteins bound essentially no tumor cells (P less than 0.01). In similar experiments, 12.6% +/- 4.7% of nonadherent lymphocytes bound to plates that had been coated with 60 micrograms/ml Fn; plates coated with other proteins bound less than or equal to 10% of these cells. Lymphocytes that bound to Fn-coated plates appeared to be slightly enriched for NK cells as assessed by morphology and by cytotoxic activity. Despite these findings, neither NK cytotoxic activity nor binding to K562 targets was affected by the addition of any of three anti-Fn antibody preparations, nor by the addition of exogenous Fn at concentrations found in plasma (300 micrograms/ml). Although Fn appears to bind both to K562 targets and to lymphocyte preparations that contain NK cells, it does not appear to have a functional role in mediating NK cell activity against K562 tumor cells.
19F and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance studies of ring-fluorinated imidazoles and histidines (1975)

1 H Titration curves (in D2O) and 19F titration curves (in H2O) have been obtained for 2- and 4-fluoro-imidazole and -histidine. By use of computer-assisted curve fitting, pK values were derived for the several dissociation steps in these compounds. Fluoroimidazoles are weaker bases and stronger acids than bromoimidazoles, indicating that the inductive effect of the halogen greatly overshadows its resonance effect. Introduction of an alkyl group at C-5 displaces the F-4 signal upfield (as in o-fluorotoluene) but that of F-2 downfield, suggesting further that –4 and –5 are coupled both by induction and resonance while C-2 and –5 are coupled only by induction. Introduction of fluorine displaces the H-2 and –4 signals upfield, in parallel with the behaviour of fluorobenzene. The shielding effect of the magnetic anisotropy of 19F evidently counteracts the deshielding effect of its electronegativity. Protonation of the imidazole ring causes the 19F signal to shift downfield at F-2 but upfield at F-4; conversely, the formation of the imidazole anion produces an upfield shift at F-4 but downfield at F-2. In the fluorohistidines, there is some evidence for field perturbation of the 19F signal by the charge on the amino-acid side chain; however, inconsistencies in the direction of signal displacement due to σ, π, and charge variation within the imidazole ring render difficult the analysis of possible field effects. These data are intended as a basis for extensive 19F n.m.r. studies of fluorohistidines in polypeptides and proteins.
Electrical Characteristics of Memory Devices With a High-$k$$\hbox{HfO}_{2}$ Trapping Layer and Dual $\hbox{SiO}_{2}/\hbox{Si}_{3}\hbox{N}_{4}$ Tunneling Layer (2007)

A novel device structure with a high-k HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> charge storage layer and dual tunneling layer (DTL) (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) is presented in this paper. Combining advantages of the high trapping efficiency of high-k materials and enhanced charge injection from the substrate through the DTL, the device achieves a fast program/erase speed and a large memory window. The device demonstrates excellent retention due to its physically thick DTL and also improved endurance without any increase of programming V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> throughout the cyclic test as compared with SONOS Flash memory devices using an Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> trapping layer.
Role of mutations in DNA gyrase genes in ciprofloxacin resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible or resistant to imipenem (1995)

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resistance to imipenem is mainly related to a lack of protein OprD and resistance to fluoroquinolones is mainly related to alterations in DNA gyrase. However, strains cross resistant to fluoroquinolones and imipenem have been selected in vitro and in vivo with fluoroquinolones. We investigated the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in 30 clinical strains of P. aeruginosa resistant to ciprofloxacin (mean MIC, >8 micrograms/ml), 20 of which were also resistant to imipenem (mean MIC, >16 micrograms/ml). By immunoblotting, OprD levels were markedly decreased in all of the imipenem-resistant strains. Plasmids carrying the wild-type gyrA gene (pPAW207) or gyrB gene (pPBW801) of Escherichia coli were introduced into each strain by transformation. MICs of imipenem did not change after transformation, whereas those of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin dramatically decreased (25- to 70-fold) for all of the strains. For 28 of them (8 susceptible and 20 resistant to imipenem), complementation was obtained with pPAW207 but not with pPBW801. After complementation, the geometric mean MICs of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin (MICs of 0.3 microgram/ml and 0.5 microgram/ml, respectively) were as low as those for wild-type strains. Complementation was obtained only with pPBW801 for one strain and with pPAW207 and pPBW801 for one strain highly resistant to fluoroquinolones. These results demonstrate that in clinical practice, gyrA mutations are the major mechanism of resistance to fluoroquinolones even in the strains of P. aeruginosa resistant to imipenem and lacking OprD, concomitant resistance to these drugs being the result of the addition of at least two independent mechanisms.
Effect of Oxide Ion on the Electrodeposition of Tungsten in the ZnCl<sub>2</sub>-NaCl (60-40 mol %) Melt (1999)

The effect of oxide ion was investigated in the electrodeposition of tungsten in an acidic ZnCl2-NaCl (60-40 mol %) melt at 450 °C. Cyclic voltammetry was performed in melts which contained various tungsten compounds and different amounts of ZnO. In constant potential electrolysis, metallic tungsten was obtained from K2WO4, WO3, WOCl4, and WCl6, but not from KWCl6, K2WCl6, WCl4, K3W2Cl9 and WCl2. When ZnO was added, metallic tungsten deposited from KWCl6, K2WCl6, and WCl4. It seems that the oxide ion or an oxochlorotungsten species participates in the electrodeposition process.
Weakly Supervised Multiclass Video Segmentation (2014)

The desire of enabling computers to learn semantic concepts from large quantities of Internet videos has motivated increasing interests on semantic video understanding, while video segmentation is important yet challenging for understanding videos. The main difficulty of video segmentation arises from the burden of labeling training samples, making the problem largely unsolved. In this paper, we present a novel nearest neighbor-based label transfer scheme for weakly supervised video segmentation. Whereas previous weakly supervised video segmentation methods have been limited to the two-class case, our proposed scheme focuses on more challenging multiclass video segmentation, which finds a semantically meaningful label for every pixel in a video. Our scheme enjoys several favorable properties when compared with conventional methods. First, a weakly supervised hashing procedure is carried out to handle both metric and semantic similarity. Second, the proposed nearest neighbor-based label transfer algorithm effectively avoids overfitting caused by weakly supervised data. Third, a multi-video graph model is built to encourage smoothness between regions that are spatiotemporally adjacent and similar in appearance. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme by comparing it with several other state-of-the-art weakly supervised segmentation methods on one new Wild8 dataset and two other publicly available datasets.
FAME: Adding Multi-Level Authentication to Shibboleth (2006)

The paper describes the design of FAME (Flexible Access Middleware Extension) architecture aimed at providing multi-level user authentication service for Shibboleth, which is endorsed by the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) as the next generation authentication and authorisation infrastructure for the UK Higher Education community. FAME derives authentication assurance level based upon the strength of the authentication token and protocol used by the user when authenticating and feeds it to the PERMIS authorisation decision engine via Shibboleth to enable more fine-grained access control. In this way, access to resources is controlled according to the strength of the authentication method so that more sensitive resources may require users to identify themselves using a higher level of authentication.
Arene derivatives of zirconium(II) and hafnium(II) (1990)

The anhydrous tetrahalides MX4(M = Zr or Hf, X = Br or I) were prepared by treating M(BH4)4 with dry HX in n-heptane as solvent, followed by sublimation under reduced pressure. The reaction of ZrCl4 with Al–AlCl3–aromatic hydrocarbon systems led to solutions containing zirconium(II)–arene complexes. For the case of benzene and hexamethylbenzene (in benzene), solid substances of composition Zr(arene)(AlCl4)2 were obtained. On the basis of spectroscopic properties, chemical reactivity, and other data these substances are believed to be zirconium(II) derivatives, with structures similar to those already established for the corresponding titanium (II) complexes. The hexamethylbenzene complex of zirconium(II) can also be obtained by a ligand-synthesis reaction from [Zr(C6H6)(AlCl4)2] and but-2-yne. Spectroscopic evidence of the existence in solution of the corresponding hafnium(II)–η6-arene complexes (arene = toluene or mesitylene) has been obtained. The trinuclear species [Zr3Cl6(η6-C6Me6)3]n+(n= 1 or 2) were obtained either by Al–AlCl3 reduction of ZrCl4(n= 2) or by treatment with water (n= 1) of the zirconium(II)–C6Me6–tetrachloroaluminate complex at low temperature.
High-Level Synthesis of Digital Circuits (1993)

This chapter discusses state-of-the-art in the high-level synthesis of digital circuits, the success achieved by high-level synthesis, and the present difficulties. It mentions that high-level modeling is done by means of hardware description languages (HDLs). The lack of standardization of HDLs suitable for synthesis has been a major impediment in the diffusion of high-level synthesis. The chapter discusses modeling issues with particular reference to abstract circuit models, based on graphs that can serve as a common basis for synthesis and that decouple synthesis and optimization from the particular features of any given language. Sequel circuit models are discussed at both the functional and logic abstraction levels with behavioral and structural flavors. The chapter describes scheduling, resource binding, and control synthesis. Structural synthesis and the related tasks are described as applied to non-pipelined circuits, and extensions to pipelined models are reported. The chapter concludes by giving a short history of high-level synthesis and by describing and comparing high-level synthesis.
Mutational Analysis of <b> <i>BRAF</i> </b> in Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsies of the Thyroid: A Potential Application for the Preoperative Assessment of Thyroid Nodules (2004)

BRAF mutations are common in conventional PTCs, and they are specific for PTC. A BRAF mutation can be reliably detected in cells aspirated from a thyroid nodule suggesting a role for this marker in the preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules.
A Restraint and Transillumination Device for Neonatal Arterial/Venipuncture: Efficacy and Thermal Safety (1980)

A different method of restraint together with technical details for construction demonstrating the use of reflected high intensity fiberoptic light is presented. Thermal data are presented demonstrating safety within recognized biologic skin temperature safety which permits utilization of a high intensity See Images in the PDF File light source for arterial or venous cannulation for prolonged periods of time extending to 20 minutes. This device presents a method to demonstrate visualization of blood vessels in the infant's extremity without risk of thermal burn associated with an adequate flexible restraint quick-release mechanism. Disposable polyurethane 5-mm pads (cut from sheets) were utilized to minimize pressure on bony prominences or nerves of the extremity. Neither thermal burns nor pressure alterations have been noted. Although not specifically evaluated, the use of a heat filter and CS-2-73 orange filter might further reduce heat buildup while using this device.
The computer speech book (1996)

This work covers speech recognition from three perspectives: an overview of the technology, a user guide to ICSS and IPDS, and a programming overview for beginning to intermediate programmers on taking advantage of the technology. It describes who needs the technology - doctors and lawyers (hands-free computing) and disabled computer users including the visually impaired or physically challenged. Details are provided on other products such as Dragon Dictate and VORAMS, and a CD-ROM or disk is included with samples of IBM's products, IPDS and ICSS.
Ligand Steric Contours To Understand the Effects of <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands on the Reversal of Regioselectivity in Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Couplings of Alkynes and Aldehydes (2011)

The regioselectivities of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands in Ni-catalyzed alkyne-aldehyde reductive coupling reactions with silane reducing agents are investigated using density functional theory. Reversal of regioselectivity can be achieved by varying the steric bulkiness of the ligand. The steric influences of NHC ligands are highly anisotropic. Regioselectivity is primarily controlled by the steric hindrance at the region of the ligand close to the alkyne. Analysis of 2D contour maps of the NHC ligands indicates that the regioselectivities are directly affected by the shape and orientation of the N-substituents on the ligand.
Clotting Factor Gene Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancer Risk (2011)

Our results support a role of clotting factor polymorphisms and thereby the coagulation system in the risk of colorectal cancer.
Characterization of a <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> DNA Binding Protein (EUO) Synthesized during the Early and Middle Phases of the Developmental Cycle (1998)

ABSTRACT The EUO gene (for early upstream open reading frame) of Chlamydia psittaci was previously found to be transcribed better at 1 than at 24 h postinfection. We found that the EUO gene encodes a minor protein that is expressed within 1 h of infection of host cells with C. psittaci 6BC but that protein quantity peaks during the logarithmic growth phase of reticulate bodies (RBs), declines late in the infection (after 20 h) when RBs reorganize into elementary bodies (EBs), and is absent in infectious EBs. EUO protein lacks homology to known proteins but does contain a putative helix-turn-helix motif. We found that recombinant EUO binds to DNA in vitro with a relatively broad specificity. Using the bp −200 to +67 promoter region of the cysteine-rich envelope protein ( crp ) operon as a model, we show that EUO protein preferentially binds to AT-rich sequences and protects crp DNA from DNase I from approximately bp −60 to −9. We also found that native EUO protein in extracts of RBs binds to the promoter region of the crp operon, demonstrating that the DNA binding property of EUO protein is not an artifact of recombinant methods. Although EUO protein appears to bind to the crp operon with high affinity in vitro ( K d of about 15 nM), it is not known whether the protein binds the crp DNA in vivo.