gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 3.3 V, 1.6 GHz, low-jitter, self-correcting DLL based clock synthesizer in 0.5 μm CMOS (2002)

This paper describes a 1.6 GHz clock synthesizer which employs a delay locked loop (DLL) to generate multiple phases that are combined to produce the desired output clock frequency. A self correcting circuit ensures that the DLL arrives at the correct locked state irrespective of its power-up state or following either a wide variation in the input reference clock frequency or missing pulses in this clock signal. The measured edge peak-to-peak and r.m.s. jitter for a 1.6 GHz output clock was 20 ps and 3.1 ps respectively. The circuit is powered from a 3.3 V supply and was fabricated on a 0.5 /spl mu/m generic digital CMOS process.
ChemInform Abstract: 6,7‐BENZOMORPHANS. STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 2,9α‐ AND 2,9β‐DIMETHYL‐2′‐METHOXY‐6,7‐BENZOMORPHANS (1979)

Abstract In einer ausführlichen experimentellen Untersuchung und unter Auswertung von 75 Lit.‐Stellen werden zahlreiche Synthesen zu verschiedenen Piperidin‐Derivaten und deren Weiterreaktionen zu Benzomorphanen beschrieben.
Content Addressable Memories for Seismic Attribute Pattern Recognition (2002)

G-45 CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORIES FOR SEISMIC ATTRIBUTE PATTERN RECOGNITION 1 R. BANCHS and J. JIMÉNEZ PDVSA Intevep Apdo. 76343 Caracas 1070-A Venezuela Summary. A seismic attribute pattern recognition method which is based on content addressable memories is presented. The method allows to generate seismic facies or class maps where each of the classes is related to a predefined reference location. Some results with synthetic and field data are presented. Introduction. The use of seismic attributes in exploration and production geophysics has gained some popularity in recent years. Among all related techniques classification methods are of special interests in exploration problems
Role of <i>Filia</i> , a maternal effect gene, in maintaining euploidy during cleavage-stage mouse embryogenesis (2009)

During oogenesis, mammalian eggs accumulate proteins required for early embryogenesis. Although limited data suggest a vital role of these maternal factors in chromatin reprogramming and embryonic genome activation, the full range of their functions in preimplantation development remains largely unknown. Here we report a role for maternal proteins in maintaining chromosome stability and euploidy in early-cleavage mouse embryogenesis. Filia, expressed in growing oocytes, encodes a protein that binds to MATER and participates in a subcortical maternal complex essential for cleavage-stage embryogenesis. The depletion of maternal stores of Filia impairs preimplantation embryo development with a high incidence of aneuploidy that results from abnormal spindle assembly, chromosome misalignment, and spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) inactivation. In helping to ensure normal spindle morphogenesis, Filia regulates the proper allocation of the key spindle assembly regulators (i.e., AURKA, PLK1, and gamma-tubulin) to the microtubule-organizing center via the RhoA signaling pathway. Concurrently, Filia is required for the placement of MAD2, an essential component of the SAC, to kinetochores to enable SAC function. Thus, Filia is central to integrating the spatiotemporal localization of regulators that helps ensure euploidy and high-quality cell cycle progression in preimplantation mouse development. Defects in the well-conserved human homologue could play a similar role and account for recurrent human fetal wastage.
System-Wide Multiresolution (1993)

A major problem of current systems is that the quantity of data outstrips the system''s capacity. A number of existing systems address this problem by allowing quality to be traded for performance. We call such systems systems. This paper argues that ubiquitous, systematic support for for the tradeoff of quality for performance is essential to next-generation applications that access very large quantities of data. We demonstrate that current trends in computing technology will increase the importance of multiresolution in the future. We sketch a tentative plan for research into multiresolution database technology, and mention some research direction in other subdisciplines of Computer Science. Finally, we conclude by presenting an ambitious target application, the Geoscope, as a motivation of ubiquitous multiresolution.
Protein structure modeling indicates hexahistidine‐tag interference with enzyme activity (2008)

Unusual kinetic characteristics of tropinone reductase, an enzyme in the family of short chain dehydrogenases, prompted to investigate a possible impact of the hexahistidine affinity tag on catalytic properties. Comparison of enzymes from Solanum dulcamara, Solanaceae, tagged at the N-terminus or at the C-terminus revealed that the C-terminally tagged form was functionally impaired. Protein modeling indicated that the hexahistidine tag attached at the C-terminus but not at the N-terminus of the polypeptide can interfere with the active site by steric or electrostatic interactions. In consequence, protein modeling is suggested before enzyme expression with affinity tags to estimate possible interactions of affinity tags with the active center.
Modeling Early-Time Gas Migration Through Cement Slurries (1995)

Summary This work identifies a mechanism that could be responsible for substantial gas invasion into a cemented column after placement. A model is developed to predict the risk for gas invasion and to aid in the design of a cement job suggesting a "tail" and a delayed "lead" slurry. The model provides the absolute theoretical migration height when cement properties and formation parameters are known. The work accounts for the calculation of the hydrostatic pressure drop, for the estimation of the inflow rates resulting from shrinkage and filtration, and for the description of the bubble-rise process. A sensitivity study on important design and well parameters is included.
Floating-point analog-to-digital converter (2003)

A floating-point ADC (FP-ADC) has been proposed for the purpose of achieving a wide dynamic range without demanding a high resolution, when the high resolution is merely for covering the signal dynamic range rather than the quantization accuracy. In an FP-ADC, the dynamic range and resolution can be designed independently. Unlike the known logarithmic amplifier solution, it directly gives a linear digital output. It can work with a small input range imposed by a low voltage supply as its virtual input range is greatly expanded. The principle, key circuitry, achievable performance and sensitivities to mismatches are addressed in this paper. Simulation results indicate that this approach is capable of achieving up to a 16 bit dynamic range with an 8-10 bit effective resolution at a sampling rate of 40 MS/s in submicron CMOS.
Mobile agent based online bandwidth allocation scheme for multimedia communication (2002)

The allocation of bandwidth for multimedia traffic poses a technical challenge due to bursty and isochronous nature of applications. We propose a mobile agent based approach for bandwidth allocation in multimedia communication. It is based on the the network congestion monitored by the agents at the clients. The mobile agent hosted by the server will allocate bandwidth online to the applications within the requested range at regular intervals. Also, it keeps the aggregated bandwidth below the link bandwidth of server and clients. The approach reduces the network control traffic used in traditional online bandwidth allocation policies. The scheme is simulated and its performance is evaluated in terms of several parameters, like, bandwidth utilization, application rejection, agent response time, and agent migrations. The simulation results show that the use of agents increase flexibility and efficiency in end-to-end bandwidth allocation and operate asynchronously. The flexibility in using this technology is that, the allocation policies can be changed, customized and implemented easily.
Creating and Managing Users and Tables (2002)

In order to store and manage data in Oracle efficiently you need to understand the tools at your disposal. You are going to use the database to store your data. This data will be held in tables, and these tables are owned by user accounts. In other words, you need to learn both how to create (and manage) user accounts, and how to create tables to store your data.
Biological roles of HIV Nef proteins. A minireview. (1993)

The nef gene, its protein products and diverse mechanisms by which HIV pathogenicity is nef-mediated in vivo and in vitro explain the huge amount of works on this topic. Until now the following functional roles have been assigned for nef: 1. downregulation of virus replication; 2. GTP binding and GTPase activities; 3. modulation of cytoplasmic signalling; and 4. cellular (CD4 and IL-2) gene regulation. Many reports which demonstrate the possible functions of nef in viral replication and in development of AIDS have been refuted by other scientists who failed to confirm some biological activities. Host immune response against nef proteins has been claimed as an early diagnosis marker or to be involved in disease progression. Also, nef proteins have been involved in blocking of HLA antigens, in superantigen production or in crossreactivity with some cellular antigens. The role of nef is a complex one, important in establishing and maintaining viral latency in vivo and regulating virus replication in vitro.
Cytostatic and Antibacterial Activity of Some Compounds Isolated from Several Lamiaceae Species from the Canary Islands (1990)

A chemotherapeutic study has been carried out on thirteen products Eeleven diterpenes, one lignan, (+)-sesamin, and a coumarin, siderin] isolated from SALVIA and SIDERITIS species considered endemic to the Canarian flora. The data obtained suggest that some diterpenoid compounds show an interesting cytostatic activity, specially galdosol ( 6) with an ID (50) value of 0.5 microg/ml. These compounds also evidence a moderate antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria.
Nasal absorption of nifedipine from gel preparations in rats. (1987)

Nasal absorption of nifedipine from polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400, aqueous Carbopol gel and Carbopol-PEG gel was investigated with the aim of obtaining high bioavailability and prolonged action. Nasal administration of nifedipine in PEG resulted in rapid absorption and high maximum concentration (C max). However, the elimination of nifedipine from plasma was very rapid. Nifedipine plasma concentration after nasal administration of nifedipine in aqueous Carbopol gel was very low. On the other hand, Carbopol-PEG gel (containing 50% w/v PEG) showed a relatively high nifedipine concentration and a prolonged action.
Novel series connection concept for thin film solar modules (2012)

ABSTRACT The paper introduces a new type of series connection that considerably increases the active area and thus the efficiency of a thin film module by a superior arrangement of the patterning grooves. The new concept is mainly based on pointwise contacts instead of continuous, stripe‐like contacts between adjacent cell stripes combined with a modified arrangement of the isolation grooves. We describe the functionality of the innovative series connection and present a method to calculate the optimal cell stripe geometry for cells based on the new series connection concept. Finally, the applicability of the new concept for a laser‐patterned thin film silicon solar module is demonstrated. The new series connection leads to a relative efficiency increase of approximately 3% compared with the standard series connection for thin film modules. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Palmitylation of a G-protein coupled receptor. Direct analysis by tandem mass spectrometry. (1992)

Bovine rhodopsin has been reported to be S-palmitylated at cysteines 322 and 323 (Ovchinnikov, Y. A., Abdulaev, N. G., and Bogachuk, A.S. (1988) FEBS Lett. 230, 1-5). Using a combination of enzymatic and chemical cleavage techniques in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry, the sites of incorporation of the palmityl groups are shown. Bovine rhodopsin in disc membranes was digested with thermolysin to generate the C-terminal fragment (241-327), which was subsequently cleaved with cyanogen bromide to generate the peptide Val-Thr-Thr-Leu-Cys-Cys-Gly-Lys-Asn-Pro (318-327). A bis-S-palmitylated synthetic standard had the same retention time by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography as the isolated peptide and the same molecular weight (MH+1511.7) by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry. Dithiothreitol reduction of both the isolated and the synthetic peptide cleaved the two thioester-linked palmityl groups to produce reduction products of the same appropriately decreased molecular weight (MH+1035.5). Tandem mass spectrometry of the isolated and the synthetic peptide identified the sites of attachment of the palmityl groups on cysteines 322 and 323. These results prove the modification of cysteines 322 and 323 with palmitic acid in bovine rhodopsin, and illustrate the utility of mass spectrometry to characterize the post-translational modifications in G-protein coupled receptors.
Exploring single-sample SNP and INDEL calling with whole-genome<i>de novo</i>assembly (2012)

http://github.com/lh3/fermi
Mining temporal medical data using adaptive fuzzy cognitive maps (2009)

In this paper, we present our research on mining temporal medical data. In particular, we investigate the possibility of applying fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) to discover temporal dependencies between medical concepts. We consider two types of simple concepts, i.e., medical interventions (such as prescribing drugs) and health effects expressed by changes of patients' conditions. The long-term goal of the research is the application of the discovered FCM to medical decision support and planning the therapy of patients. Finally, we present the results of experiments performed on temporal diabetes data.
Action Localization with Tubelets from Motion (2014)

This paper considers the problem of action localization, where the objective is to determine when and where certain actions appear. We introduce a sampling strategy to produce 2D+t sequences of bounding boxes, called tubelets. Compared to state-of-the-art alternatives, this drastically reduces the number of hypotheses that are likely to include the action of interest. Our method is inspired by a recent technique introduced in the context of image localization. Beyond considering this technique for the first time for videos, we revisit this strategy for 2D+t sequences obtained from super-voxels. Our sampling strategy advantageously exploits a criterion that reflects how action related motion deviates from background motion. We demonstrate the interest of our approach by extensive experiments on two public datasets: UCF Sports and MSR-II. Our approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art on both datasets, while restricting the search of actions to a fraction of possible bounding box sequences.
Transient intervention with oltipraz protects against aflatoxin-induced hepatic tumorigenesis. (1993)

Oltipraz [5-(2-pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiole-3-thione] protects against aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats when fed before and during carcinogen exposure; however, such an exposure-chemoprotection intervention paradigm is not directly relevant to most human populations. To model and assess the possible efficacy of short term interventions targeted at individuals at risk for sustained exposure to aflatoxins, 175-g male F344 rats were treated daily with 25 micrograms of aflatoxin B1, p.o., for 28 days. One week after the start of aflatoxin B1 exposure, half of the animals were fed a diet supplemented with 0.075% oltipraz for 10 days; these rats were then restored to the unsupplemented AIN-76A diet for the remainder of the experimental period. Livers were analyzed 2 or 3 months after the last aflatoxin B1 dose for burden of glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P)-positive foci, as an index of presumptive preneoplastic tumors. The transient intervention with oltipraz reduced the volume percent of hepatic GST-P-positive foci by 54% (P = 0.047) and 72% (P = 0.004) at 2 and 3 months, respectively. A strong positive correlation was also observed between the extent of fibrosis in the livers of these animals and the hepatic burden of GST-P-positive foci, implying that cytotoxicity is associated with the tumorigenic process. This protection may reflect alterations in the metabolism and disposition of aflatoxin B1 induced by oltipraz. Glutathione S-transferase catalyze the detoxication of aflatoxin-8,9-oxide and were found to be rapidly induced in the livers of animals after the beginning of the oltipraz intervention. Glutathione S-transferase activity remained significantly (P < 0.05) higher until 9 days after the end of the oltipraz intervention. In contrast, levels of hepatic aflatoxin-DNA adducts were not significantly reduced until 4 days after the beginning of the intervention but remained significantly (P < 0.05) lower up to 11 days after the end of the intervention. The cumulative reduction in levels of hepatic aflatoxin-DNA adducts (approximately 25%) by the oltipraz intervention underestimated the reduction in the hepatic burden of GST-P-positive foci. The significant protection against presumptive preneoplastic tumors, despite the delay of intervention, suggests that oltipraz may exert substantial activity against the cytotoxic and autopromoting action of repeated exposures to aflatoxin B1 and supports the utility of intervention trials with oltipraz in individuals chronically consuming aflatoxin B1-contaminated foods, particularly in regions with high incidences of liver cancer.
Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages (2010)

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system and are associated with the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative and brain inflammatory diseases; however, the origin of adult microglia remains controversial. We show that postnatal hematopoietic progenitors do not significantly contribute to microglia homeostasis in the adult brain. In contrast to many macrophage populations, we show that microglia develop in mice that lack colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) but are absent in CSF-1 receptor-deficient mice. In vivo lineage tracing studies established that adult microglia derive from primitive myeloid progenitors that arise before embryonic day 8. These results identify microglia as an ontogenically distinct population in the mononuclear phagocyte system and have implications for the use of embryonically derived microglial progenitors for the treatment of various brain disorders.
Calorimetric determination of vitrification time and heat capacity of a thermosetting polymer (1993)

Abstract First observations of a decrease in heat capacity on isothermal vitrification of a thermosetting polymer are reported. The method developed for this study allows simultaneous measurements of both the heat capacity of a material and the enthalpy released as chemical reactions occur under virtually isothermal conditions. Control experiments have been done on a nonstoichiometric composition which does not vitrify and for which total enthalpy released can be measured. During isothermal curing, the heat capacity of a thermoset first increases slightly, undergoes an abrupt decrease in a narrow range of time, and thereafter slowly decreases. The abrupt decrease represents the transition of the liquid to a glassy solid, which is irreversible and which shifts to shorter times as the curing temperature is increased. This transition occurs at different extents of cure for different temperatures. The thermodynamic consequence of kinetic slowing on irreversible conversion of a molecular liquid to a macromolecule under isothermal conditions is similar to that observed on reversible clustering , as a result of decrease in the thermal energy on supercooling a molecular liquid. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A time/speaker normalization technique for word verification (1978)

The present approach for solving the word verification problem involves matching an input template with a known word reference template, The multidimensional template consists of formant values over the duration of the utterance. Due to speaking rate and idiosyncratic variations of speakers, both temporal and spectral normalizations are required. The time normalization technique employs a piecewise linear time warping function to map the unnormalized utterance into the normalized reference space. Pivot points used to align the input data template with the reference template are located in the utterance using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation. Statistics required to define the multidimensional density function for the estimator are obtained by training on known pivot point locations. Frequency normalization is then performed where the input template is linearly scaled (with a gain and bias) to minimize the weighted mean-square error between the scaled input template and the reference template. This error in addition to the corresponding gain and bias terms are used in a metric for word verification.
Anticipation of Moving and Preparations for Disposing of Possessions Among Older Women (1993)

Data collected from a convenience sample of 250 women in Florida, age 55 and older, were used in a discriminant analysis to predict the characteristics of older women who would be likely to anticipate moving to smaller dwelling units and who would be making preparations for disposing of excess possessions. Predictor variables included housing conditions, demographics, and personal variables including personality types and feelings about possessions. Women who anticipate moving tend to have more resources and opportunity. They are more likely to be younger, married, have higher incomes, and be living in single family housing in urban areas. They have not moved to smaller housing in at least 10 years and although they are still accumulating possessions, they feel the pressure of limited resources (time, energy, mental) for caring for their possessions. Potential movers are more likely to have personality types which make them more open to new ideas and experiences, and adapt more easily to new situations. Women who have begun disposing of possessions are older and have already moved to smaller dwelling units, with no intention of moving again. They tend to have higher education levels compared with those not beginning to dispose of possessions. In addition, personality measures used in the study indicate that they are practical, sensible women.
Novel Use of Botulinum Toxin to Ameliorate Arthrofibrosis: An Experimental Study in Rabbits (2007)

This study aimed to investigate the effects of intra-articular botulinum toxin in preventing arthrofibrosis. Arthrofibrosis was induced in both stifle joints of 20 rabbits by transecting the anterior cruciate ligament under intramuscular anesthesia with ketamine and xylazine. Intra-articular toxin at a dose of 0.6 ml (50 unit) and physiologic saline solution (0.6 ml) were injected into the right and left stifle joints, respectively, 3 times with a 1-week interval between each injection. The rabbits were euthanized in the 12th week via high dose anesthesia to remove the stifle joint. The severity of adhesions was assessed, applying a universal scoring system. Also the stifle joints were histologically evaluated for fibrosis. With regards to severity of adhesion a significant reduction in the adhesion score was observed in the toxin-treated group in comparison to untreated controls with mean +/- SE values of 0.2 +/- 0.1 and 2.4 +/- 0.2, respectively (p < 0.01). The histological evaluation showed no significant fibroblast in the toxin-treated group versus dense fibers with mature fibroblasts in the control group. Our results suggest that botulinum toxin demonstrated efficacy in preventing adhesion after knee surgery and all the parameters monitored showed consistent statistically significant improvement.