gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Properties of Zr‐V‐Ni System Hydrogen Storage Alloys (1999)

The Zr‐V‐Ni system multicomponent alloys were investigated by electrochemical measurements, X‐ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. At room temperature, the discharge capacity of alloys remains at a high level when = 0.3–0.5. A C15 main phase alloy has good capacity. alloys exhibit lower discharge ability at room temperature because higher contents of V and Mn (i.e., form more stable hydrides. Al substitution also stabilizes the hydrides effectively. All these alloys have discharge capacities of about on heating to 328 K. Our further investigation showed that the substitution of Ti for Zr decreases markedly the thermodynamic stability of the hydrides and promotes a promising discharge capacity at room temperature. During cycling, the preferential anodic oxidation of some components, such as Ti and V, degrades the reversible storage ability. An electrochemical method was adopted to evaluate the PcT isotherm for Zr‐based alloys. This method is suitable for all hydride electrodes as well. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Self-Latched Micromachined Mechanism With Large Displacement Ratio (2006)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A self-latched micromachined mechanism with large displacement ratio is presented in this paper. The large output displacement is obtained by amplifying the small input motion through the elastic deformation of the compliant configuration, which realizes the self-latched output by local bifurcation effect. The design theory and synthesis of compliant microstructures are analyzed. The numerical and analytical simulations are implemented to the linear amplification, which shows that as high as <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$>$</tex></formula>50 times displacement magnification can be obtained. Self-latching is realized by bifurcation effect to maintain fixed output displacement even though the input goes further as indicated by the large displacement simulation. This micromachined mechanism along with a comb-drive actuator is fabricated by deep-reactive ion-etching (DRIE) process. In experiment, it measures an output displacement of 52.0 <emphasis><formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu{\rm m}$</tex></formula></emphasis> at an input displacement of only 0.96 <emphasis><formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu{\rm m}$</tex></formula></emphasis>, obtaining a displacement ratio of 54.2. For further input displacement, the output displacement remains unchanged, proving the self-latching effect.<papernumber>1696</papernumber> </para>
Low Loss and High Bandwidth Polystyrene-Based Graded Index Polymer Optical Fiber (2013)

Polystyrene (PS) was selected as a costless polymer matrix for graded index polymer optical fibers (GI POFs) with low attenuation at a wavelength of 670 nm. However, fabricated PS-based GI POFs showed attenuation of more than 300 dB/km. This high attenuation PS-based GI POF had a quite broad molecular weight distribution. In contrast, a PS-based GI POF with a narrow molecular weight distribution showed low attenuation of around 160 dB/km. This is because the refractive index of PS, different from general polymers, is greatly affected by the molecular weight. The PS-based GI POF showed the high thermal stability of this low loss performance at a temperature of 70 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C , despite the low glass transition temperature caused by plasticization. The measured refractive index profile was near optimum ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</i> =2.5), and a high bandwidth of 5.8 GHz for a 50 m length was obtained.
Neonatal, urogenital isolates of biotype 4 nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae express a variant P6 outer membrane protein molecule (1992)

The P6 outer membrane protein is a highly conserved molecule which is present on the surface of all strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Sixty strains of nontypeable H. influenzae which caused invasive disease or colonized the female urogenital tract were studied with monoclonal antibodies 7F3 and 4G4, which recognize different surface-exposed epitopes on the P6 molecule. All 60 strains expressed the epitope recognized by 4G4, whereas 47 of 60 strains expressed the epitope recognized by antibody 7F3. The 7F3-nonreactive strains were all biotype 4 and were recovered from the blood of neonates or postpartum women or from the female urogenital tract. The P6 genes from two 7F3-nonreactive strains were cloned, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. Analysis of amino acid sequences, immunoassays with synthetic peptides, and site-directed mutation of the P6 gene indicate that the epitope recognized by antibody 7F3 is conformational and that the sequence Asp-Ile-Thr is critical in maintaining the conformation of the epitope. We conclude that the unusually virulent clone family of biotype 4 strains of nontypeable H. influenzae express a variant P6 molecule which has an alteration in a highly conserved surface-exposed epitope.
<i>nodal</i> expression in the primitive endoderm is required for specification of the anterior axis during mouse gastrulation (1997)

Mouse nodal, a member of the TGFbeta family of secreted growth factors is essential for gastrulation. We recently generated a nodal(lacZ) reporter allele by homologous recombination in ES cells. In the present study, beta-galactosidase staining in the perigastrulation-stage embryo has demonstrated the site of highest nodal expression is localised to the prospective posterior region of the epiblast marking the site of primitive streak formation. We also documented transient nodal.lacZ expression in the visceral endoderm prior to and during early streak formation. A mosaic analysis using wild-type ES cells to rescue nodal-deficient embryos allowed us to document functionally distinct nodal activities in the embryonic ectodermal and primitive endodermal cell lineages. nodal signaling in the ectoderm is necessary for primitive streak formation as the gastrulation defect of nodal-deficient embryos can be rescued by the inclusion of small numbers of wild-type cells. In addition, we show that chimeric embryos composed of nodal-deficient primitive endoderm fail to develop rostral neural structures. Thus we conclude that the action of nodal, a TGFbeta-related growth factor expressed in the primitive endoderm, is critical for patterning of the anterior aspects of the A-P axis.
Elderly subgroup analysis of a randomized phase III study of docetaxel plus platinum combinations versus vinorelbine plus cisplatin for first‐line treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (TAX 326) (2005)

First-line docetaxel-cisplatin chemotherapy showed similar activity in elderly and younger patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC; elderly patients tolerated docetaxel-platinum well despite experiencing slightly more toxicity than younger patients.
<title>Patterning antibodies for a multiple analyte sensor via photodeprotection chemistry</title> (1996)

In order to maximize the applications of advanced optical techniques for immunoassay it is critical that one can analyze multiple analytes simultaneously. One method of creating a multiple analyte sensor is to pattern antibodies against ligands of interest onto distinct regions of a single waveguide for fluorescence immunoassay. To achieve protein patterning, we are using a photolabile protected biotin with the caging moiety MeNPOC, (methyl nitropiprionyloxy carbonyl). The biotin molecules within a given region are selectively deprotected by exposure to ultraviolet light and subsequently bound to streptavidin. Incubation with a biotinylated antibody results in a functionalized region on the surface. This paper characterizes the method for immobilizing caged biotin onto the wave guide surface. Two surface biotinylation methods were examined silane coupling via aminpropyl triethoxy silane to a biotin-MeNPOC ester, and adsorption of biotin-MeNPOC conjugated bovine serum albumin. Using an I-125 label, protein surface densities have been determined for streptavidin bound to protected and deprotected surfaces. In addition, the duration of ultra-violet light exposure was evaluated to assess the ultimate effect on bound protein. The ability of an antibody bound within a patterned region to detect its corresponding analyte was determined.
Tissue culture process for the clonal production of loblolly pine plantlets (1981)

A tissue culture process, organogenesis, is described which involves the stepwise production of a shoot apex, which grows to have leaves and stem and finally roots, culminating in the production of a complete plant. The production and subsequent development of numerous adventitious shoots, preferably from adult tree tissues offers the greatest potential for commercial cloned plantlet production. The process describes these steps for Pinus taeda, the loblolly pine. (Refs. 25).
Tetrahydrobiopterin in intestinal lumen: Its absorption and secretion in the small intestine and the elimination in the large intestine (2008)

In treating hereditary deficiency of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), supplementation with BH(4) might be the ultimate choice of therapy. Oral administration of BH(4) has been believed to be inefficient owing to poor absorption of BH(4) in the intestine. In this study, we found a considerable amount of BH(4) as well as its oxidized pterins in the ingredients of intestinal lumen of mice when they were served food that did not contain significant amounts of biopterin. Ligation of the biliary duct led to significant decrease in luminal biopterin. Supplementation of BH(4) either by intraperitoneal administration of sepiapterin or of 6RBH(4) ((6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin) increased the BH(4) content in the intestinal lumen with a slight delay after the rise of blood BH(4). In these mice, biopterin appeared in the large intestine, caecum and colon, 2 h after the administration. The appearance of BH(4) in the large intestine was accompanied by a large amount of pterin (2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine). The amounts of biopterin + pterin that appeared in the large intestine after intraperitoneal administration of BH(4) were not greater than those found after oral administration at the same dose. When the mice were treated with a large dose of antibiotics prior to the BH(4) administration, the amount of biopterin increased in the caecum but the amount of pterin decreased greatly. These results suggested that a large proportion of BH(4) administered moved to the large intestine, where most biopterin was decomposed presumably by enteric bacteria. Nonetheless, most of the orally administered biopterin was taken up by the small intestine and the amount of biopterin reaching the large intestine was almost the same as that which appeared after direct injection of 6RBH(4) into the peritoneal cavity.
Optimal Estimation of Multivariate ARMA Models (2015)

Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models are a fundamental tool in timeseries analysis that offer intuitive modeling capability and efficient predictors. Unfortunately, the lack of globally optimal parameter estimation strategies for these models remains a problem:application studies often adopt the simpler autoregressive model that can be easily estimated by maximizing (a posteriori) likelihood. We develop a (regularized, imputed) maximum likelihood criterion that admits efficient global estimation via structured matrix norm optimization methods. An empirical evaluation demonstrates the benefits of globally optimal parameter estimation over local and moment matching approaches.
<i>Real-time Adaptive Concepts in Acoustics: Blind Signal Separation and Multichannel Echo Cancellation </i> (2002)

First Page
Visual Privacy by Context: Proposal and Evaluation of a Level-Based Visualisation Scheme (2015)

Privacy in image and video data has become an important subject since cameras are being installed in an increasing number of public and private spaces. Specifically, in assisted living, intelligent monitoring based on computer vision can allow one to provide risk detection and support services that increase people's autonomy at home. In the present work, a level-based visualisation scheme is proposed to provide visual privacy when human intervention is necessary, such as at telerehabilitation and safety assessment applications. Visualisation levels are dynamically selected based on the previously modelled context. In this way, different levels of protection can be provided, maintaining the necessary intelligibility required for the applications. Furthermore, a case study of a living room, where a top-view camera is installed, is presented. Finally, the performed survey-based evaluation indicates the degree of protection provided by the different visualisation models, as well as the personal privacy preferences and valuations of the users.
Microbubbles Coated with Disaturated Lipids and DSPE-PEG2000: Phase Behavior, Collapse Transitions, and Permeability (2009)

Saturated diacyl (disaturated) phosphatidylcholine (PC) mixed with the lipopolymer distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE)-polyethyleneglycol molecular weight 2000 (PEG2000) self-assemble as a monolayer at the air-water interface of air-in-water micrometer-scale bubbles (microbubbles), similar to coatings (shells) on leading medical ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). This system is characterized here to study the impact of the DSPE-PEG2000 species and PC chain-length on the monolayer coating phase behavior, collapse, shedding, and air transport resistance and microbubble dissolution rate and surface contour. Using fluorescence microscopy of dissolving microbubbles, we found that film microstructure and collapse behavior for all chain lengths (n = 14-20) was indicative of primarily condensed phase monolayers, unlike similar coatings containing polyethyleneglycol 40 stearate (PEG40S) that are either expanded phase or coexisting expanded-condensed phase monolayers. Additionally, we observed a new surface buckling type of behavior with all chain lengths, by bright field microscopy, where the air-water interface continuously appears rough (rather than cyclically rough and smooth), with this behavior most frequently observed for n = 16. In correlating the statistical frequency of this behavior with the monolayer microstructure, we propose that it arises from a slowed nucleation rate of collapse structures at condensed-condensed phase interfaces, not present in systems containing PEG40S. By modeling the dissolution (radius vs time) data, we obtained, for each chain length, the film air transport resistance (R(shell)) that was then fit to a chain-length-dependent energy barrier model. Importantly, the pre-exponential factor was approximately 10 x higher and the microbubbles persisted approximately 4 x longer (from 15 microm at a fixed dissolved oxygen content) in comparison to previously studied films containing PEG40S. We attribute the unique stability properties of microbubble coatings containing DSPE-PEG2000 to the propensity of this molecule to form a condensed-phase monolayer, such that the monolayer coatings approach the properties of one continuous condensed domain.
Wavelength division multiplexed CATV distribution service overlay on two-fibre passive optical dialogue star networks (1993)

The 1.3 μm/1.55 μm wavelength division integration of 5.18Mbit/s dialogue services and analogue BK450MHz CATV distribution service in fibre optic subscriber access systems (fibre-in-the-loop) is considered. The mutual interference of the services is investigated. Based on a two-fibre passive optical star network the optimum concept is derived from theoretical and experimental data.
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), or How to Identify Your Favorite Cell (2018)

Recently described as the sixth base of the DNA macromolecule, the precise role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is the subject of debate. Early studies indicate that it is functionally distinct from cytosine DNA methylation (5mC), and there is evidence for 5hmC being a stable derivate of 5mC, rather than just an intermediate of demethylation. Moreover, 5hmC events correlate in time and space with key differentiation steps in mammalian cells. Such events span the three embryonic germ layers and multiple progenitor cell subtypes, suggesting a general mechanism. Because of the growing understanding of the role of progenitor cells in disease origin, we attempted to provide a detailed summary on the currently available literature supporting 5hmC as a key player in adult progenitor cell differentiation. This summary consolidates the emerging role for 5hmC in defining cellular fate.
Material Solubility‐Photovoltaic Performance Relationship in the Design of Novel Fullerene Derivatives for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells (2009)

Abstract The preparation of 27 different derivatives of C 60 and C 70 fullerenes possessing various aryl (heteroaryl) and/or alkyl groups that are appended to the fullerene cage via a cyclopropane moiety and their use in bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells is reported. It is shown that even slight variations in the molecular structure of a compound can cause a significant change in its physical properties, in particular its solubility in organic solvents. Furthermore, the solubility of a fullerene derivative strongly affects the morphology of its composite with poly(3‐hexylthiophene), which is commonly used as active material in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. As a consequence, the solar cell parameters strongly depend on the structure and the properties of the fullerene‐based material. The power conversion efficiencies for solar cells comprising these fullerene derivatives range from negligibly low (0.02%) to considerably high (4.1%) values. The analysis of extensive sets of experimental data reveals a general dependence of all solar cell parameters on the solubility of the fullerene derivative used as acceptor component in the photoactive layer of an organic solar cell. It is concluded that the best material combinations are those where donor and acceptor components are of similar and sufficiently high solubility in the solvent used for the deposition of the active layer.
Ontario: people can now apply for forced HIV testing in certain situations. (2003)

Ontario has finally issued a regulation to accompany its controversial "blood samples" legislation, passed in 2001. As a result, in certain circumstances, a person in Ontario can now seek an order to require another person to be tested for HIV, hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV). However, the regulation contains a number of restrictions on the ability to apply for such an order.
<i>HsMCM6:</i> a new member of the human MCM/P1 family encodes a protein homologous to fission yeast Mis5 (1997)

The results indicate that the behaviour of HsMcm6 is reminiscent of replication licensing factor like other Mcm/P1 family members.
Metabolic Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Nontargeted Tissue Metabolomics (2013)

Hepatocellular carcinoma has a poor prognosis due to its rapid development and early metastasis. In this report, we characterized the metabolic features of hepatocellular carcinoma using a nontargeted metabolic profiling strategy based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty pairs of liver cancer samples and matched normal tissues were collected from patients having hepatocellular carcinoma, including tumor tissues, adjacent noncancerous tissues, and distal noncancerous tissues, and 105 metabolites were filtered and identified from the tissue metabolome. The principal metabolic alternations in HCC tumors included elevated glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and β-oxidation with reduced tricarboxylic acid cycle and Δ-12 desaturase. Furthermore, increased levels of glutathione and other antioxidative molecules, together with decreased levels of inflammatory-related polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipase A2, were observed. Differential metabolite levels in tissues were tested in 298 serum specimens from patients with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Betaine and propionylcarnitine were confirmed to confer good diagnostic potential to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma from chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. External validation of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma serum specimens further showed that this combination biomarker is useful for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with a supplementary role to α-fetoprotein.
Electronic and Molecular Structures of 2D Septet Tris(<i>p</i>-Methoxyphenylmethylene)Benzene as Studied by ESR: A Model for Discotic High-Spin Assemblages (1995)

Abstract The electronic and molecular structures of a two-dimensional septet-state molecule (S=3), 1,3,5-tris(p-methoxyphenylmethylene)benzene A, were investigated by single-crystal ESR spectroscopy. A was designed for a prototype core model for discotic liquid crystalline organic high-spin molecules. Tris(α-benzoyl)benzene was adopted as the host crystal and its crystallographic parameters were determined by X-ray diffraction: the space group Pi with Z=4, a=11.99 A, b=21.94 A, c=7.82 A, α=98.0°, β=90.9°, and γ=94.1°. The effect of the methoxy functional group on the fine-structure constants was found: the effect showed up in the significant reduction of the fine-structure constant D value, showing the modification of the topologically controlled robust π spin polarization. The observed finite E value is in accord with the molecular symmetry and crystal structure of the host molecule.
Effect of low molecular weight heparin on intimal smooth muscle cell proliferation after experimental balloon angioplasty (1992)

Die Entwicklung von Restenosen nach primär erfolgreicher perkutaner transluminaler Koronarangioplastie (PICA) stellt auch weiterhin das ungelöste Problem dieser invasiven kardiologischen Therapie dar [7].
Estimation Of A Multivariate Normal Mean Vector And Local Improvements (1995)

Let X be a (p × 1) random vector following a multivariate normal distribution with mean vector 0 and a known dispersion matrix. Also suppose we have an extra observation U independent of X, whose distribution is completely known. In this article we first develop estimators of θ combining both X and U, which are similar to the James-Stein estimator but can give substantial risk improvement over it when θ is assumed to be in a neighborhood of a known value. Estimators based only on Xare then developed which can give further improvements.
Impurity Redistribution in SiO2 ‐ Si during Oxidation: A Numerical Solution Including Interfacial Fluxes (1979)

A numerical solution of the moving boundary problem associated with silicon oxidation is discussed. An integral formulation of the continuity equation is used which includes the particle flux effects of the moving boundary and impurity segregation. A comparison between numerical results and an analytic solution shows that solution accuracy depends critically on a correct formulation of the flux terms. Calculated values of concentration and integrated doping for several values of diffusivity ratio, , and segregation coefficient, , show that the interfacial flux must be properly included to achieve accurate numerical results over a wide range of physical parameters.