gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peptide Conjugates of Oligonucleotides:  Synthesis and Applications (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeptide Conjugates of Oligonucleotides: Synthesis and ApplicationsNatarajan Venkatesan and Byeang Hyean KimView Author Information Laboratory for Modified Nucleic Acid Systems, Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 9, 3712–3761Publication Date (Web):September 13, 2006Publication History Received4 October 2005Published online13 September 2006Published inissue 1 September 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0502448Copyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views6317Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Conjugate acid-base pairs,Genetics,Molecular properties,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
DETECTION OF THE FRONT VEHICLE FROM THE STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE USING HIERARCHY PROCESS (1998)

In this paper we described a new technique for measuring a distance to the front vehicle using stereo images. Only vehicles traveling in the driver's lane need to be detected. Thus the driver's lane is determined as the processing region in the images. Usually detecting lane markers does this. However, when the front vehicle appears in the near sight, it is not necessary to detect lane markers to the far sight. On the other side, when the front vehicle appears in the far sight, it is necessary to detect lane markers to the far sight. So we adopt the hierarchy process to detect the front vehicle. 1 Introduction prevent the collision accident it is necessary always to calculate the distance from the driver's vehicle to the one in front. So stereoscopic image processing has been used to calculate this distance. Only vehicles traveling in the driver's lane need to be detected. Thus the driver's lane is determined as the processing region in the images. Usually detecting lane markers does this. However using those makers causes the following problems. On a curve, most of the front of the driver's vehicle is outside the processing area. As a result, vehicle can't be detected. When the processing area is expanded outside the lane to adapt for curves, side walls of the road may be detected as the vehicle. Using stereoscopic image processing, it is very difficult to detect only the vehicle in front of the driver. This paper proposes the new method for detecting a vehicle in front. First the disparity map is calculated from the stereoscopic images.
Polyproline II Confirmation in the Protein Component of Arabinogalactan-Protein from <i>Lolium multiflorum</i> (1984)

Circular dichroism spectra of the arabinogalactan-protein from suspension-cultured Lolium multiflorum (ryegrass) endosperm cells demonstrate the presence of polyproline II conformation in the protein moiety of the proteoglycan. Subject to a number of theoretical and practical constraints of the method, it can be estimated that at least 30% of the protein component is in this conformation.
MEDICINAL PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (2010)

1. Emerging Trends in Medicinal Plant Biotechnology 2. Medicinal Compounds Produced in Plant Cell Factories 3. Biotechnological Characterization of Populations of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle. 4. Traditional and Biotechnological Strategies for Conservation of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle 5. Microsatellite Markers: Potential and Opportunities in Medicinal Plants 6. In vitro-Propagation of Medicinal Plants for Conservation and Quality Assurance 7. Propagation of elite Cannabis sativa L. for the production of 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) 8. In Vitro Saponin Production in Plant Cell And Tissue Cultures 9. Podophyllotoxin and Related Lignans: Biotechnological Production by In Vitro Plant Cell Cultures 10. Hairy Root Culture: Copying Nature in New Bioprocesses 11. Genetic Transformation of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. for Augmenting Secondary Metabolite Production 12. Podophyllum Endophytic Fungi 13. Biotechnology of Vinca major and Vinca minor 14. Analytical Platforms and Databases from Plant Transcriptomics to Metabolomics 15. Docking-based Virtual Screening of Anticancer Drugs 16. Population Structure and Molecular Characterization of Podophyllum hexandrum 17. Plant Virus Vector Systems for the Production and Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals 18. Novel Medicinal Plants for the Production and Delivery of Vaccines 19. Noscapinoids: A New Class of Anti-cancer Drugs Demand Biotechnological Intervention 20. Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biotechnology of Podophyllum 21. Plant-derived Recombinant Griffithsin 22. Camptothecins: SAR, QSAR, and Biotechnology.
Biological mechanisms of tooth movements, 2nd edition (2015)

The new and thoroughly revised third edition of Biological Mechanisms of Orthodontic Tooth Movement delivers a comprehensive reference for orthodontic trainees and specialists. This edtion features seven section with subjects such as cellular and molecular biology behond orthodontic tooth movement; Effects of mechanical loading on hard and soft tissues, and biological reactions to temporary anchorage devices; Inflammation and orthodontics; Markers for tissue remodeling in the ginigival crevicular fluid and saliva; Personalized orthodontics based on genomic criteria; Rapid orthodontics.
Packing Steiner trees (2003)

The Steiner packing problem is to find the maximum number of edge-disjoint subgraphs of a given graph G that connect a given set of required points S. This problem is motivated by practical applications in VLSI- layout and broadcasting, as well as theoretical reasons. In this paper, we study this problem and present an algorithm with an asymptotic approximation factor of vSv/4. This gives a sufficient condition for the existence of k edge-disjoint Steiner trees in a graph in terms of the edge-connectivity of the graph. We will show that this condition is the best possible if the number of terminals is 3. At the end, we consider the fractional version of this problem, and observe that it can be reduced to the minimum Steiner tree problem via the ellipsoid algorithm.
Gray level pseudocolor encoding using a liquid crystal television (1988)

A real-time gray level intensity pseudocolor encoding method utilizing a liquid crystal television (LCTV) is presented. The LCTV is used under two different polarizer/analyser combinations to generate a positive image and a negative image of an object. The images are also encoded with two different primary colors by positioning the color filters at the two optical paths respectively. The superposition of these images produces a gray level pseudocolor encoded image. Discussions on the properties of the LCTV is provided. Preliminary experimental results are also demonstrated.
<title>Early results from the Army Research Laboratory ultrawide-bandwidth foliage penetration SAR</title> (1993)

The U.S. Army is interested in demonstrating a capability of detecting and discriminating tactical targets concealed in foliage. To investigate foliage and ground penetration phenomena, a fully polarimetric laboratory Synthetic Aperture Radar system has been built on a rooftop rail. The system uses impulse technology covering a bandwidth of 40 MHz to 1 GHz. The first image from the system showed the -3 db beamwidths to be 5 inches in range and 11 inches in cross-range measured to an 8-ft triangular plate corner reflector. This paper will briefly describe the measurement system and present images made of canonical targets in winter foliage.
Generation and growth of nanoparticles in low-pressure plasmas (1999)

Abstract
Control of hindbrain motor neuron differentiation by the homeobox gene<i>Phox2b</i> (2000)

Motor neurons are a widely studied model of vertebrate neurogenesis. They can be subdivided in somatic, branchial and visceral motor neurons. Recent studies on the dorsoventral patterning of the rhombencephalon have implicated the homeobox genes Pax6 and Nkx2.2 in the early divergence of the transcriptional programme of hindbrain somatic and visceral motor neuronal differentiation. We provide genetic evidence that the paired-like homeodomain protein Phox2b is required for the formation of all branchial and visceral, but not somatic, motor neurons in the hindbrain. In mice lacking Phox2b, both the generic and subtype-specific programs of motoneuronal differentiation are disrupted at an early stage. Most motor neuron precursors die inside the neuroepithelium while those that emigrate to the mantle layer fail to switch on early postmitotic markers and to downregulate neuroepithelial markers. Thus, the loss of function of Phox2b in hindbrain motor neurons exemplifies a novel control point in the generation of CNS neurons.
Supervised Learning of Salient 2D Views of 3D Models (2008)

We introduce a new framework for the automatic selection of the best views of 3D models based on the assumption that models belonging to the same class of shapes share the same salient features. The main issue is learning these features. We propose an algorithm for computing these features and their corresponding saliency value. At the learning stage, a large set of features are computed from every model and a boosting algorithm is applied to learn the classification function in the feature space. AdaBoost learns a classifier that relies on a small subset of the features with the mean of weak classifiers, and provides an efficient way for feature selection and combination. Moreover it assigns weights to the selected features which we interpret as a measure of the feature saliency within the class. Our experiments using the LightField (LFD) descriptors and the Princeton Shape Benchmark show the suitability of the approach to 3D shape classification and best-view selection for online visual browsing of 3D data collections.
Chaos supported stochastic resonance in a metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor heterostructure (2005)

An experimental study is presented on a complex nonlinear system showing a particular type of dynamics that can be interpreted as stochastic resonance. The system consists of a metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structure, which plays the role of a nonlinear element in an electric circuit with linear resistance, inductance, and capacitance connected in series (RLC series circuit) driven externally by a high-amplitude harmonic voltage source. The system presents various kinds of nonlinear behavior, of which the simplest, consisting of a period-doubling evolution to chaos, is of interest to this study. The broadband intrinsic chaos emerging after a period-doubling sequence exists for a large range of frequencies of the driving voltage. The appearance of the chaotic dynamics is associated with the promotion of a low-frequency harmonic spectral component. This is interpreted as stochastic resonance with intrinsic chaos replacing noise, the usual variable in regular SR.
Carbon Corrosion in PEM Fuel Cells and the Development of Accelerated Stress Tests (2018)

Carbon corrosion is an important degradation mechanism that can impair PEMFC performance through the destruction of catalyst connectivity, collapse of the electrode pore structure, loss of hydrophobic character, and an increase of the catalyst particle size. In this study, carbon corrosion was quantified in situ by measurement of carbon dioxide in the fuel cell exhaust gases through non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy during simulated drive cycle operations consisting of potential cycling with varying upper and lower potential limits. These studies were conducted for three different types of carbon supports. A reduction in the catalyst layer thickness was observed during a simulated drive cycle operation with a concomitant decrease in catalyst layer porosity, which led to performance losses due to increased mass transport limitations. The observed thickness reduction was primarily due to compaction of the catalyst layer, with the actual mass of carbon oxidation (loss) contributing only a small fraction (< 20%). The dynamics of carbon corrosion are presented along with a model that simulates the transient and dynamic corrosion rates observed in our experiments. Accelerated carbon corrosion stress tests are presented and their effects are compared to those observed for the drive cycle test.
Experimental Demonstration of Continuous Sensor Data Monitoring Using Neural Network-Based Optical Camera Communications (2020)

This technical paper presents an optical camera communication system by using data as input collected from a sensor that continuously garners humidity and temperature information from the environment. A small light-emitting diode (LED) and an LED array are used as a transmitter and a low-speed rolling-shutter camera as a receiver. A modulation scheme standardized in IEEE 802.15.7, referred to as variable pulse-width modulation, is used to encode the data bits. The proposed scheme is flicker-free in different frequencies and applicable in both static and mobile scenarios. A neural network is designed for LED detection and improving the bit-error-rate in mobile scenarios. A new method based on the region-wise comparison and an existing method is used to remove the interference and noise generated from the neighboring light sources, respectively. The decoding procedure is performed and analyzed in Python 3.7. A data rate of 1.02 kbps is achieved using the single LED, which is further augmented to 64 kbps by using an 8 × 8 LED dot matrix.
A novel two-mode MPPT method for photovoltaic power generation system (2009)

A novel two-mode maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method, which combine with short-circuit current (SC) method and perturbation and observation (P&O) method, is presented to reduce the power pulsation around MPP and increase the usage effect of photovoltaic (PV) module. Two methods are used in different PV working points: short-circuit current method and Perturbation and Observation method. The PV module approach to MPP quickly under the control of short-circuit current based on linearity relationship between the short-circuit current and the optimal current of MPP when isolation changes, and then Perturbation and Observation method can make the PV module work near closely to MPP with small power pulsation. A novel method of short-circuit current acquired on line is presented to dissolve traditional SC disturbing the PV module working in this paper. Experimental results reveal that the PV power generation system has good steady performance and transient characteristics under the control of the presented method.
Intrachromosomal genomic instability in human sporadic colorectal cancer measured by genome-wide allelotyping and inter-(simple sequence repeat) PCR. (2001)

We have used genome-wide allelotyping with 348 polymorphic autosomal markers spaced, on average, 10 cM apart to quantitate the extent of intrachromosomal instability in 59 human sporadic colorectal carcinomas. We have compared instability measured by this method with that measured by inter-(simple sequence repeat) PCR and microsatellite instability assays. Instability quantitated by fractional allelic loss rates was found to be independent of that detected by microsatellite instability analyses but was weakly associated with that measured by inter-(simple sequence repeat) PCR. A set of seven loci were identified that were most strongly associated with elevated rates of fractional allelic loss and/or inter-(simple sequence repeat) PCR instability; these seven loci were on chromosomes 3, 8, 11, 13, 14, 18, and 20. A lesser association was seen with two loci flanking p53 on chromosome 17. Coordinate loss patterns for these loci suggest that at least two separate sets of cooperating loci exist for intrachromosomal genomic instability in human colorectal cancer.
Constitutive eNOS-derived nitric oxide is a determinant of endothelial junctional integrity (2005)

Basal vascular endothelial permeability is normally kept low in part by the restrictiveness of interendothelial junctions (IEJs). We investigated the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in controlling IEJ integrity and thereby regulating basal vascular permeability. We determined the permeability of continuous endothelia in multiple murine vascular beds, including lung vasculature, of wild-type mice, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) null mice, and mice treated with NOS inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Light and electron microscopic studies revealed that L-NAME treatment resulted in IEJs opening within a few minutes with a widespread response within 30 min. We observed a 35% increase in transendothelial transport of albumin, using as tracer dinitrophenylated albumin in mouse lungs and other organs studied. To rule out the involvement of blood cells in the mechanism of increased endothelial permeability, vascular beds were flushed free of blood, treated with L-NAME, and perfused with the tracer. The open IEJs observed in these studies indicated a direct role for NO in preserving the normal structure of endothelial junctions. We also used the electron-opaque tracer lanthanum chloride to assess vascular permeability. Lanthanum chloride was presented by perfusion to various vascular beds of mice lacking NO. Open IEJs were seen only in capillary and venular endothelial segments of mice lacking NO, and there was a concomitant increase in vascular permeability to the tracer. Together, these data demonstrate that constitutive eNOS-derived NO is a crucial determinant of IEJ integrity and thus serves to maintain the low basal permeability of continuous endothelia.
Chiroptical Properties of Cyclopentadithiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers (2008)

A series of chiral, substituted conjugated polymers containing the cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene unit were synthesized: poly(cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene)s, poly(thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-alt-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene)s and poly(thiophene-alt-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene)s. The polymers were prepared by a Stille-coupling reaction and their (chir)optical properties were investigated in solution as well as in film. UV−vis and fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the polymers are present as rigid, highly conjugated strands in solution. Although the homopolymers (poly(cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene)s) do not self-assemble in solution as well as in film, the alternating copolymers (chirally) stack upon transition to nonsolvents and solid state. The (chir)optical properties in film appeared to depend on the annealing conditions: initially, the chiroptical response increases, but at higher temperatures, the Cotton effects irreversibly disappear. Moreover, the CD spectra of films of poly(thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-alt-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene)s with chiral substituents on the thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moiety appeared to be a superposition of two effects, which had a different annealing dependency. In poly(thiophene-alt-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b‘]dithiophene)s, only chiral exciton coupling was found to be present.
Compiler techniques for high performance sequentially consistent java programs (2005)

The rise of Java, C#, and other explicitly parallel languages has increased the importance of compiling for different software memory models. This paper describes co-operating escape, thread structure, and delay set analyses that enable high performance for sequentially consistent programs.We compare the performance of a set of Java programs compiled for sequential consistency (SC) with the performance of the same programs compiled for weak consistency. For SC, we observe a slowdown of 10% on average for an architecture based on the Intel Xeon processor, and 26% on average for an architecture based on the IBM Power3.
Biochemical studies on 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose, an early intermediate in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine. II. Quantitative analysis of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose. (1992)

A practical quantitative analysis of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose by means of GC-MS selected-ion monitoring (SIM) was exploited in order to assay the enzymatic 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose formation, the first stage of the 2-deoxystreptamine biosynthesis. Mass spectral fragmentations of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose tetra-O-trimethylsilyl (TMS) ether was also investigated by the use of [2,2-2H2]-2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose.
Lignans and Lipophilic Extractives in Norway Spruce Knots and Stemwood (2003)

Summary The hydrophilic and lipophilic extractives in the heartwood of knots from 7 Norway spruce trees were analysed by GC, GC-MS and HPSEC. The knots contained extremely large amounts of lignans, 6–24% (w/w), with hydroxymatairesinol comprising 65–85% of the lignans. Even the knots of the young trees contained 4–8% (w/w) of lignans. The variation in the amount of lignans was large among knots, both within a single tree and between trees. In addition to the lignans, knots also contained 2–6% (w/w) of a complex mixture of lignan-like compounds with 3, 4 and even up to 6 phenyl propane units, here called oligolignans. The amounts of lignans in the knots were similar in the radial direction from the pith into the outer branch, but decreased dramatically outwards in the branch, almost disappearing after 10–20 cm. The ratio of the 2 epimers of hydroxymatairesinol differed between different knots and even within the knot. A new spruce lignan, nortrachelogenin, or its enantiomer, wikstromol, was detected in knots from trees in northern Finland as opposed to samples from southern Finland. The amount of lipophilic extractives was small compared to the amount of hydrophilic extractives in the knots. Five of the dead knots contained more resin acids and free diterpenyl alcohols than ordinary stemwood. In the other knots, the amount of lipophilic extractives was on the same level as stem heartwood. The stem sapwood contained larger amounts of esterified fatty acids than the knots.
Higher Seizure Susceptibility and Enhanced Tyrosine Phosphorylation of <i>N</i>-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Subunit 2B in <i>fyn</i> Transgenic Mice (1998)

Earlier work has suggested that Fyn tyrosine kinase plays an important role in synaptic plasticity. To understand the downstream targets of Fyn signaling cascade in neurons, we generated transgenic mice expressing either a constitutively activated form of Fyn or native Fyn in neurons of the forebrain. Transgenic mice expressing mutant Fyn exhibited higher seizure activity and were prone to sudden death. Mice overexpressing native Fyn did not show such an obvious epileptic phenotype, but they exhibited accelerated kindling in response to once-daily stimulation of the amygdala. Tyrosine phosphorylation of at least three proteins was enhanced in the forebrains of both native and mutant fyn transgenic mice; tyrosine phosphorylation of these three proteins was reduced in fyn knockout mice, suggesting that they are substrates of Fyn. One of these proteins was identified as the subunit 2B (NR2B) of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Administration of MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, retarded kindling in mice overexpressing native Fyn, as well as wild-type mice, suggests that the accelerated kindling in mice overexpressing Fyn is also mediated by the NMDA receptor activity. Our results thus suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation by Fyn might be involved in regulation of the susceptibility of kindling, one form of the NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal plasticity.