gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Allergic Reaction Associated with the use of Eugenol Containing Dental Cement in a Young Child (2014)

Allergic contact stomatitis is a rare disorder which may be easily overlooked by the clinician. Eugenol is one such material known to cause such reactions. We present a case report of a 6-year old girl in whom adverse local reaction to eugenol, contained within temporary restorative material which illustrates this problem. Based on the history and clinical features, we arrived at a diagnosis of allergic contact stomatitis and successfully treated the lesions. Treatment generally consists of eliminating the causal agent. Careful assessment of patients and of their dental and medical history is necessary to avoid such adverse reaction in the office.
Area-Efficient Architecture for Dual-Mode Double Precision Floating Point Division (2016)

Floating point division is a core arithmetic widely used in scientific and engineering applications. This paper proposed an architecture for double precision floating point division. This architecture is designed for dual-mode functionality, which can either compute on a pair of double precision operands or on two pairs of single precision operands in parallel. The architecture is based on the series expansion multiplicative methodology of mantissa computation. For this, a novel dual-mode Radix-4 Modified Booth multiplier is designed, which is used iteratively in the architecture of dual-mode mantissa computation. Other key components of floating point division flow (such as leading-one-detection, left/right dynamic shifters, rounding, etc.) are also re-designed for the dual-mode operation. The proposed dual-mode architecture is synthesized using UMC <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">90 nm</i> technology ASIC implementation. Two versions of proposed architecture are presented, one with single stage multiplier and another with two stage multiplier. Compared to a standalone double precision division architecture, the proposed dual-mode architecture requires 17% to 19% extra hardware resources, with 3% to 5% period overhead. In comparison to prior art on this, the proposed architecture out-performs them in terms of required area, time-period and throughput.
A dressing for repair of acute nail bed injury. (1990)

The use of a temporary metal foil stent after primary repair of acute nail bed injuries is a simple and dependable method for restoration of the smooth nail bed. The stent prevents adherence of the proximal nail fold to the underlying matrix, promoting patient comfort during subsequent dressing changes.
RTCA SC-159 Wide Area Integrity Broadcast/Wide Area Differential GPS status (2002)

The Wide Area Integrity Broadcast (WIB) (formerly the GPS Integrity Channel-GIC) will use a network of ground stations at known locations to determine the status of every GPS satellite in view. It will then broadcast satellite health to GPS users in real time from a geostationary satellite (GS), thus providing system integrity. This broadcast will also include error estimates for the same GPS satellites that are valid over a specified region, which may include one or more countries or continents. These estimates, if accurate enough, can be used as differential corrections. This concept is called Wide Area Differential GPS (WDGPS). In addition, the broadcast signal will be modulated with a pseudo random noise (PRN) code that is synchronized with GPS time. Thus, it can also be used for ranging to augment the GPS system, thus improving system availability and continuity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microarchitectural denial of service: insuring microarchitectural fairness (2003)

Simultaneous multithreading seeks to improve the aggregate computation bandwidth of a processor core by sharing resources such as functional units, caches, TLB and so on. To date, most research investigating the scheduling of these shared resources has focused on enhancing computational bandwidth. In this paper, we examine scheduling fairness. First, we show that a thread running on an implementation of a SMT processor can suffer from "denial of service" by a malicious thread, slowing down the original thread by a factor of 10-20. Using performance counter hardware, we show that the slowdown occurs because of deliberate misuse of shared resources and design decisions that are necessary for high speed implementation. We then propose and evaluate a number of mechanisms to counter such malicious behavior: some affect the core scheduling algorithm and others simply attempt to identify activity that would affect threads sharing the same processor core. We find that harmful activity based mechanisms outperform core scheduling mechanisms. In addition, we show that they can be designed so that they can differentiate between malicious attacks and legitimate activities that may also make use of the same harmful activities.
Gene expression in nontumoral liver tissue and recurrence-free survival in hepatitis C virus-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (2010)

Microarray analysis of the nontumoral tissues from subjects with HCV-associated HCC delivers novel molecular signatures of RFS, especially among the late-recurrence subjects. The gene expression predictor may hold important insights into the pathobiology of HCC recurrence and de novo tumor formation in cirrhotic patients.
ARTIFICIAL AGGREGATE FROM DOMESTIC REFUSE (1981)

Little has been done to utilise domestic refuse as a possible source of aggregate for use in concrete. Early work on the use of the untreated non-metallic fraction of incinerator residue gave unsatisfactory results due to swelling of the concrete during early stages of curing. Vitrified slag residues heated to temperatures of 1500 deg C have given good results but production is uneconomical. The author discusses the possible design of plant to produce sintered incinerator aggregate and describes results from experiments using essentially untreated incinerator residue and residue with ferrous and non-ferrous metal removed. The treatment included a 300 micrometre maximum particle size, blending with a 5 per cent clay by weight, pelletization and firing at 950 deg C to 1000 deg C. It was found that the tensile strength increased with firing time to an optimum of about 18 minutes. Results show a good agreement with theoretical predictions. The relative density is shown to reduce with temperature for a given firing time. However, the water absorption of the aggregate reduces with increasing temperature, which could be explained by a change in the pore structure. It is concluded that the process described could lead to the production of a suitable artificial concreting aggregate. (TRRL)
Mifepristone Treatment of Cushing’s Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient (2015)

Cushing's syndrome (CS) in the pediatric population is challenging to diagnose and treat. Although next-generation medical therapies are emerging for adults with CS, none are currently approved or used in children. Here we describe the first use of mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, to treat CS in a pediatric subject. The patient, a 14-year-old girl with an 18-month history of metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma, suffered from fatigue, profound myopathy, irritability, and depression. She was found to have hypertension, hypokalemia, and worsening control of her preexisting type 1 diabetes. In this report, we detail our clinical evaluation that confirmed CS caused by an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting tumor. Surgical and radiation therapies were not pursued because of her poor functional status and limited life expectancy, and medical treatment of CS was indicated for symptom relief. Mifepristone treatment provided rapid improvement in glycemic control, insulin resistance, and hypertension as well as significant diminishment of her myopathy and fatigue. Hypokalemia was managed with an oral potassium replacement and dose escalation of spironolactone; no other significant adverse effects were observed. Despite successful palliation of Cushing's signs and symptoms, the patient died of progression of her cancer. This case demonstrates the safety and efficacy of mifepristone treatment in a pediatric patient with symptomatic, ectopic CS. We conclude that, in appropriate pediatric patients with CS, glucocorticoid receptor antagonism with mifepristone should be considered to control the effects of hypercortisolism and to improve quality of life.
Organ blood flow and distribution of cardiac output in nonanesthetized swine (1982)

Organ blood flow and distribution of cardiac output (CO) were determined in awake resting swine, using radionuclide-labeled 15-micrometer diameter microspheres. Absolute values of blood flow (per 100-g basis) were determined for various organs and peripheral tissues. Internal organs of the swine, which constituted 8.25 +/- 0.79% of the total body mass, received 45.46 +/- 2.64% of the resting CO. The fraction of CO received by brain, heart, kidneys, liver (via hepatic artery), and gastrointestinal tract was 1.13%, 3.04%, 12.95%, 4.27%, and 18.71%, respectively.
Temporal Ordered Image Encryption (2011)

The existing image encryption algorithms encrypt images independently, which means the probability of an eavesdropper working out one image stays the same under the same circumstances (same bits of keys and the same algorithm, for example). However, in real-life applications such as communication systems, on one hand, sequences of images may need to be sent with various security demands, and on the other hand, the temporal order of sequences of images may be changed. This paper proposes a novel idea to integrate the notion of temporal order with cryptosystems. Experimental results show that satisfactory security performance is achieved when the order for the sequence of images is changed.
CSF-1R–Dependent Lethal Hepatotoxicity When Agonistic CD40 Antibody Is Given before but Not after Chemotherapy (2016)

Cancer immunotherapies are increasingly effective in the clinic, especially immune checkpoint blockade delivered to patients who have T cell-infiltrated tumors. Agonistic CD40 mAb promotes stromal degradation and, in combination with chemotherapy, drives T cell infiltration and de novo responses against tumors, rendering resistant tumors susceptible to current immunotherapies. Partnering anti-CD40 with different treatments is an attractive approach for the next phase of cancer immunotherapies, with a number of clinical trials using anti-CD40 combinations ongoing, but the optimal therapeutic regimens with anti-CD40 are not well understood. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is classically resistant to immunotherapy and lacks baseline T cell infiltration. In this study, we used a tumor cell line derived from a genetically engineered mouse model of PDA to investigate alterations in the sequence of anti-CD40 and chemotherapy as an approach to enhance pharmacological delivery of chemotherapy. Unexpectedly, despite our previous studies showing anti-CD40 treatment after chemotherapy is safe in both mice and patients with PDA, we report in this article that anti-CD40 administration <3 d in advance of chemotherapy is lethal in more than half of treated C57BL/6 mice. Anti-CD40 treatment 2 or 3 d before chemotherapy resulted in significantly increased populations of both activated myeloid cells and macrophages and lethal hepatotoxicity. Liver damage was fully abrogated when macrophage activation was blocked using anti-CSF-1R mAb. These studies highlight the dual nature of CD40 in activating both macrophages and T cell responses, and the need for preclinical investigation of optimal anti-CD40 treatment regimens for safe design of clinical trials.
Psychiatric diagnoses in patients who have chronic fatigue syndrome. (1989)

Patients with persistent fatigue are often suspected of having psychiatric illnesses, particularly depression. The authors used the Diagnostic Interview Schedule to assess the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 28 patients who met Centers for Disease Control case definition criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome. Compared with studies of the general population and studies of chronically medically ill patients who received the same structured interview, the rates of psychiatric illness in patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome appeared high. An examination of the medical histories of the 28 patients indicated that psychiatric disorders more often preceded the chronic fatigue than followed it.
PD-L1 gene expression in Japanese lung cancer patients (2012)

An imbalance in immune regulation affects tumor-specific T-cell immunity in the cancer microenvironment and reshapes tumor progression and metastasis. Blockade of interactions of immune function mediates anti-tumor activity in preclinical models. In the present study, we investigated <i>programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)</i> mRNA expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using a LightCycler in surgically treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. This study included 123 surgically removed NSCLC cases for mRNA level analyses. The <i>PD-L1</i>/<i>β-actin</i> mRNA levels showed no marked difference in lung cancer (131.398±421.596) and adjacent normal lung tissues (78.182±254092, P=0.1482). The tumor/normal (T/N) ratio of <i>PD-L1</i>/<i>β-actin</i> mRNA levels was more than 2 in 49 cases and more than 1 in 63 cases. No difference was found in the T/N ratio of <i>PD-L1</i>/<i>β actin</i> mRNA levels among factors inlcuding gender, age, smoking status and pathological subtypes. The T/N ratio of <i>PD-L1</i>/<i>β actin</i> mRNA levels was markedly higher in pathological T4 cases (15.811±36.883) compared to T1 cases (3.492±8.494, P=0.0235). However, the <i>PD-L1</i> mRNA status did not correlate with lymph node metastasis status. Thus, <i>PD-L1</i> may drive tumor invasion, while providing a candidate for blockade of its function as a strategy to antagonize the progression process in NSCLC.
Prophylactic Greenfield Filters (1996)

The efficacy of prophylactic vena caval filters (VCF) in reducing morbidity and mortality from pulmonary embolism (PE) in high-risk trauma patients has been shown, but minimal follow-up data is currently available. VCFs were prophylactically placed in 110 patients between August 1991 and June 1995. There was an early VCF complication rate of 7%. Twenty-two patients died; the remaining 88 patients formed the basis for the follow-up study. Forty-five patients were located and interviewed by phone, and 30 of these patients (34%) returned for evaluation. The mean follow-up time was 18 months (range, 4-42 months). There was no incidence of caval thrombosis on follow-up. Eleven patients had physical findings, and duplex evidence consistent with postphlebitic syndrome. An additional three patients had evidence of old deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by duplex, but no significant symptomatology. VCF are effective in preventing PE related deaths and have few major complications. The long-term morbidity associated with posttraumatic venous thrombosis is significant. This morbidity is related not to PE or VCF, but to the underlying DVT. Improved strategies against DVT are necessary.
RACK1 mediates multiple hormone responsiveness and developmental processes in Arabidopsis (2006)

The scaffold protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) serves as an integrative point for diverse signal transduction pathways. The Arabidopsis genome contains three RACK1 orthologues, however, little is known about their functions. It is reported here that one member of this gene family, RACK1A, previously identified as the Arabidopsis homologue of the tobacco arcA gene, mediates hormone responses and plays a regulatory role in multiple developmental processes. RACK1A expresses ubiquitously in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function mutations in RACK1A confer defects in multiple developmental processes including seed germination, leaf production, and flowering. rack1a mutants displayed reduced sensitivity to gibberellin and brassinosteroid in seed germination, hypersensitivity to abscisic acid in seed germination and early seedling development, and hyposensitivity to auxin in adventitious and lateral root formation. These results provide the first genetic evidence that RACK1A is involved in multiple signal transduction pathways.
Mannose Inhibits the Human Neutrophil Oxidative Burst (1988)

Stimulated human neutrophils (PMNs) increase their oxygen consumption and secrete reactive oxygen species that are involved in bactericidal activity and inflammation. While studying lectin-mediated bacterial adherence, we observed that D-mannose appeared to inhibit PMN metabolism. Further studies showed that 100 mM mannose inhibited oxygen consumption by 82%, superoxide secretion by 84%, luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) by 98%, and hexose-monophosphate shunt activity by 100% when PMN were stimulated with 1 microM phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Inhibition was also seen with 0.1 microM formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), and 0.1 microM A23187, reagents thought to stimulate the respiratory burst by different transductional mechanisms. Inhibition was dose-responsive and specific since 100 mM D-galactose, alpha-D-glucose, or alpha-L-fucose only minimally affected PMN oxidative metabolism. Inhibition of PMA-induced superoxide production was seen almost immediately upon the addition of 50 mM mannose and was reversed by washing. Neutrophils remained viable as measured by trypan blue exclusion. These data suggest that mannose inhibits the neutrophil oxidative burst at the level of the hexose monophosphate shunt. Further investigation should elucidate the specific mechanism(s) of this burst inhibition as well as define uses for it as a tool to study oxidative as well as nonoxidative killing by PMN.
Performance evaluation of gauze packing for liquid desiccant dehumidification system (2016)

Desiccant systems have found applications in a very large variety of industrial and daily usage products including the new HVAC installations. The dehumidifier is one of the essential parts of those systems, which severely affects the whole system performance. This paper theoretically and experimentally studies the performance of the cross flow dehumidifier, which has been less studied than the counter flow dehumidifier, although it is more applicable in practice. Channel gauze structured packing was used in the dehumidifier and a LiCl aqueous solution was used as the liquid desiccant. The humidity reduction and dehumidifier effectiveness were adopted as the dehumidifier performance indices. The effects of the dehumidifier inlet parameters, including inlet air and desiccant flow rates, inlet air and desiccant temperature, inlet desiccant concentration and inlet air humidity ratio, on the two indices were investigated. The characteristics of the dehumidifier performance agreed well with the other studies reported in the open literature.
CORROSION OF BERYLLIUM (1967)

Abstract : The report summarizes the corrosion behavior of beryllium. The effects on beryllium of the following environments are considered: moisture, salt solutions, acids, alkalis, gases, organic liquids, molten materials, and solid materials. Stress-corrosion cracking and galvanic effects are also discussed. A final section of the report reviews various types of coatings for protection of beryllium from corrosion by a variety of environments.
Topographical organization of the projections from the reticular thalamic nucleus to the intralaminar and medial thalamic nuclei in the cat (1989)

The topography of the projections from the reticular nucleus of the thalamus (RT) to the intralaminar and medial thalamic nuclei were studied in the cat by the method of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Single small injections of the enzyme were made in the different intralaminar nuclei--mediodorsal, ventromedial, midline, and habenular--and in anterior group nuclei. The location and density of the neuronal labeling in the different parts of the RT were studied in each case. Our results show that 1) after injections located in all the nuclei here studied, a consistent number of labeled neurons were found in the RT, except for the injections in the lateral habenula and the anterior thalamic nuclear complex, both of which did not label neurons in the RT. 2) Among the other thalamic nuclei here studied, the most medially situated receive less numerous RT projections than those most laterally located. 3) Injections in all the nuclei studied gave rise to a cellular labeling in the anterior sectors of the RT, except for the anterior nuclear group and the lateral habenula. The projections from the rostral pole of the RT were topographically mediolaterally organized. 4) The anterodorsal part of the pregeniculate sector of the RT projects upon the large-celled part of the lateral central nucleus and to a lesser extent upon the paracentral, centromedian, and ventromedial nuclei, the anterior part of the lateral central nucleus, and the lateral band of the mediodorsal nucleus. The posterodorsal part of the RT pregeniculate sector only projects to the large-celled part of the lateral central nucleus. The dorsal portion of the posteroventral part of the RT pregeniculate sector also projects upon the large-celled part of the lateral central nucleus; its ventral portion projects to the ventromedial nucleus, the posterior part of the paracentral nucleus, the lateral band of the mediodorsal nucleus, and the centromedian nucleus. 5) The infrageniculate sector of the RT projects to the posterior part of the ventromedial nucleus. A weaker projection to the large-celled part of the lateral central nucleus, the centromedian nucleus, and the lateral band of the mediodorsal nucleus was also observed. 6) The ventral lateral geniculate nucleus projects upon the large-celled part of the lateral central nucleus, the lateral band of the mediodorsal nucleus, and the ventromedial nucleus. All these findings suggest an important modulatory action of the RT on the activity of the thalamic nuclei considered here.
—King (US) (2003)

Founded in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1943 by Syd Nathan, the King Record Company (with three subsidiary labels – Queen (1945), DeLuxe (bought from the original owners in 1948) and Federal (1950)) became a vibrant, self-contained US ‘indie’ during the 1950s and into the 1960s. With its own recording studio
Reifying configuration management for object-oriented software (1998)

Using a solid Software Configuration Management (SCM) is mandatory to establish and maintain the integrity of the products of a software project throughout the project's software life cycle. Even with the help of sophisticated tools, handling the various dimensions of SCM can be a daunting (and costly) task for many projects. The contribution of this paper is to propose a method (based on the use Creational Design Patterns) to simplify SCM by reifying the variants of an object-oriented software system into language-level objects; and to show that newly available compilation technology makes this proposal attractive with respect to performance (memory footprint and execution time) by inferring which classes are needed for a specific configuration and optimizing the generated code accordingly, We demonstrate this idea on an artificial case study intended to be representative of a properly designed OO software. All the performance figures me get are obtained with freely available software, and, since the source code of our case study is also freely available, they are easily reproducible and checkable.
Post-processing for artifact reduction in JPEG-compressed images (2002)

An iterative post-processing algorithm for reducing blocking and ringing in block transform-coded images is presented. It smooths the decompressed image and uses convex projections theory to preserve the image's edges and bit-stream. The algorithm exploits the coding scheme's block structure and ringing behavior. In experiments it outperforms an existing method and gives significant subjective and objective improvement over the decompressed image. Sufficient conditions for algorithm convergence are given.