gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiosensitivity of thymidylate synthase-deficient human tumor cells is affected by progression through the G1 restriction point into S-phase: implications for fluoropyrimidine radiosensitization. (2000)

Recent studies of fluoropyrimidine (FP)-mediated radiosensitization (RS) have focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of the cell cycle, particularly at the G1-S transition. Although thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition by FP is necessary, we hypothesize that FP-RS is temporally dependent on progression of cells into S-phase under conditions of altered deoxynucleotide triphosphate pools, particularly an increased dATP:dTTP ratio, which subsequently results in enhanced DNA fragmentation and cell death. To better understand the mechanism of FP-RS, we characterized the cellular and biochemical responses to ionizing radiation (IR) alone, using different synchronization techniques in two isogenic, TS-deficient mutant cell lines, JH-1 (TS-) and JH-2 (Thy4), derived previously from a human colon cancer cell line. After G0 synchronization by leucine deprivation, these clones differ under subsequent growth conditions and dThd withdrawal: JH-2 cells have an intact G1 arrest (>72 h) and delayed cell death (>96 h), whereas JH-1 cells progress rapidly into early S-phase and undergo acute cell death (<24 h). No difference in the late S-phase and G2-M cell populations were noted between these growth-stimulated, G0-synchronized TS-deficient cell lines with dThd withdrawal. Biochemically, the intracellular ratio of dATP:dTTP increased substantially in JH-1 cells as cells progressed into early S-phase compared with JH-2 cells, which remained in G1 phase. Synchronized JH-1 cells showed significantly decreased clonogenic survival and an increase in DNA fragmentation after IR when compared with JH-2 cells. RS was demonstrated by an increase in alpha and decrease in beta, using linear quadratic analyses. An alternative synchronization technique used mimosine to induce a block in late G1, close to G1-S border. Both JH-1 and JH-2 cells, synchronized in late G1 and following growth stimulation, now progressed into S-phase identically (<24 h), with similarly increased dATP:dTTP ratios under dThd withdrawal conditions. These late G1-synchronized JH-1 and JH-2 cells also showed a comparable reduction in clonogenic survival and similar patterns of increased DNA fragmentation following IR. We suggest, based on the cellular and biochemical differences in response to IR between G0- and late G1-synchronized cells, that S-phase progression through the G1 restriction point under an altered (increased) dATP:dTTP ratio is a major determinant of FP-RS.
DETERMINANTS OF VECTOR SPECIFICITY OF O’NYONG NYONG AND CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUSES IN ANOPHELES AND AEDES MOSQUITOES (2006)

The alphaviruses o'nyong nyong virus (ONNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) provide a unique system to study the viral genes involved in vector specificity. ONNV infects both anopheline and culicine mosquitoes, whereas CHIKV infects only culicine mosquitoes. In this study, chimeric viruses were constructed that contained genes from both ONNV and CHIKV. These chimeras and previously described full-length infectious clones of ONNV and CHIKV were evaluated in Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Virus derived from the infectious clones of ONNV and CHIKV retained the vector specificity of the parental viruses. All six of the chimeras were found to infect Ae. aegypti mosquitoes at high rates but only the chimera containing viral genes encoding all of the structural proteins of ONNV was able to infect An. gambiae mosquitoes. These data indicate that all of the viral structural proteins are necessary for ONNV to infect An. gambiae mosquitoes.
The Comparison of the Immunologic Properties of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth, Dental Pulp, and Dental Follicles (2015)

Aim. To compare the effects of various mesenchymal stem cells, those isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Method. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from three sources in the orofacial region. Characterization and PCR analyses were performed. Lymphocytes were isolated from healthy peripheral venous blood. Lymphocytes were cocultured with stem cells in the presence and absence of IFN-γ and stimulated with anti-CD2, anti-CD3, and anti-CD28 for 3 days. Then, lymphocyte proliferation, the number of CD4(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells, and the levels of Fas/Fas ligand, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ in the culture supernatant were measured. Results. The DFSCs exhibited an enhanced differentiation capacity and an increased number of CD4(+)FoxP3(+) T lymphocytes and suppressed the proliferation and apoptosis of PBMCs compared with SHEDs and DPSCs. The addition of IFN-γ augmented the proliferation of DFSCs. Furthermore, the DFSCs suppressed IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokine levels and enhanced IL-10 levels compared with the other cell sources. Conclusion. These results suggest that IFN-γ stimulates DFSCs by inducing an immunomodulatory effect on the PBMCs of healthy donors while suppressing apoptosis and proliferation and increasing the number of CD4(+)FoxP3(+) cells.
Expression status of Tax protein in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-transformed MT4 cells: recall of MT4 cells distributed by the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program (1997)

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) encodes a 40-kDa protein, Tax, that is a transcriptional activator of the viral long terminal repeat (reviewed in references 1 and 15). Tax has also been implicated in HTLV-1-mediated transformation of cells (2, 3, 14, 16) and in the pleiotropic activation of many cellular genes (reviewed in references 1 and 15). The study of Tax biology has been greatly aided by a series of transformed human T cells generated by investigators in Japan (10, 11, 18). Some of these cells, including the MT2 and MT4 cell lines, have been very important tissue culture tools for syncytium-forming assays of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections (8). Recently, many reports in the literature describing MT4 cells
Designing Hollow Nano Gold Golf Balls (2014)

Hollow/porous nanoparticles, including nanocarriers, nanoshells, and mesoporous materials have applications in catalysis, photonics, biosensing, and delivery of theranostic agents. Using a hierarchical template synthesis scheme, we have synthesized a nanocarrier mimicking a golf ball, consisting of (i) solid silica core with a pitted gold surface and (ii) a hollow/porous gold shell without silica. The template consisted of 100 nm polystyrene beads attached to a larger silica core. Selective gold plating of the core followed by removal of the polystyrene beads produced a golf ball-like nanostructure with 100 nm pits. Dissolution of the silica core produced a hollow/porous golf ball-like nanostructure.
Market design & analysis for a P2P backup system (2010)

In this paper we take the problem of a market-based P2P backup application and carry it through market design, to implementation, to theoretical and experimental analysis. While the long-term goal is an open market using real money, here we consider a system where monetary transfers are prohibited. We first describe the design of the P2P resource exchange market and the UI we developed. Second, we prove theorems on equilibrium existence and uniqueness. Third, we prove a surprising impossibility result regarding the limited controllability of the equilibrium and show how to address this. Fourth, we present a price update algorithm that uses daily supply and demand information to move prices towards the equilibrium and we provide a theoretical and experimental convergence analysis. The market design described in this paper is already implemented as part of a Microsoft research project on P2P backup systems and an alpha version of the software has been successfully tested.
Piezoelectrically Actuated Robotic System for MRI-Guided Prostate Percutaneous Therapy (2014)

This paper presents a fully-actuated robotic system for percutaneous prostate therapy under continuously acquired live magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. The system is composed of modular hardware and software to support the surgical workflow of intra-operative MRI-guided surgical procedures. We present the development of a 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) needle placement robot for transperineal prostate interventions. The robot consists of a 3-DOF needle driver module and a 3-DOF Cartesian motion module. The needle driver provides needle cannula translation and rotation (2-DOF) and stylet translation (1-DOF). A custom robot controller consisting of multiple piezoelectric motor drivers provides precision closed-loop control of piezoelectric motors and enables simultaneous robot motion and MR imaging. The developed modular robot control interface software performs image-based registration, kinematics calculation, and exchanges robot commands and coordinates between the navigation software and the robot controller with a new implementation of the open network communication protocol OpenIGTLink. Comprehensive compatibility of the robot is evaluated inside a 3-Tesla MRI scanner using standard imaging sequences and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss is limited to 15%. The image deterioration due to the present and motion of robot demonstrates unobservable image interference. Twenty-five targeted needle placements inside gelatin phantoms utilizing an 18-gauge ceramic needle demonstrated 0.87 mm root mean square (RMS) error in 3D Euclidean distance based on MRI volume segmentation of the image-guided robotic needle placement procedure.
Complementary ferroelectric-capacitor logic for low-power logic-in-memory VLSI (2004)

A novel nonvolatile logic style, called complementary ferroelectric-capacitor (CFC) logic, is proposed for low-power logic-in-memory VLSI, in which storage elements are distributed over the logic-circuit plane. Standby currents in distributed storage elements can be cut off by using ferroelectric-based nonvolatile storage elements, and the standby power dissipation can be greatly reduced. Since the nonvolatile storage and the switching functions are merged into ferroelectric capacitors by the capacitive coupling effect, reduction of active device counts can be achieved. The use of complementary stored data in coupled ferroelectric capacitors makes it possible to perform a switching operation with small degradation of the nonvolatile charge at a low supply voltage. The restore operation can be performed by only applying the small bias across the ferroelectric capacitor, which reduces the dynamic power dissipation. Applying the proposed circuitry in a fully parallel 32-bit content-addressable memory results in about 2/3 dynamic power reduction and 1/7700 static power reduction with chip size of 1/3, compared to a CMOS implementation using 0.6-/spl mu/m ferroelectric/CMOS.
Hampshire (1922)

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Fast gas heating in N <sub>2</sub> /O <sub>2</sub> mixtures under nanosecond surface dielectric barrier discharge: the effects of gas pressure and composition (2015)

The fractional electron power quickly transferred to heat in non-equilibrium plasmas was studied experimentally and theoretically in N(2)/O(2) mixtures subjected to high electric fields. Measurements were performed in and after a nanosecond surface dielectric barrier discharge at various (300-750 Torr) gas pressures and (50-100%) N(2) percentages. Observations showed that the efficiency of fast gas heating is almost independent of pressure and becomes more profound when the fraction of O(2) in N(2)/O(2) mixtures increases. The processes that contribute towards the fast transfer of electron energy to thermal energy were numerically simulated under the conditions considered. Calculations were compared with measurements and the main channels of fast gas heating were analysed at the gas pressures, compositions and electric fields under study. It was shown that efficient fast gas heating in the mixtures with high fraction of O(2) is due to a notable contribution of heat release during quenching of electronically excited N(2) states in collisions with O(2) molecules and to ion-ion recombination. The effect of hydrocarbon addition to air on fast gas heating was numerically estimated. It was concluded that the fractional electron power transferred to heat in air, as a first approximation, could be used to estimate this effect in lean and stoichiometric hydrocarbon-air mixtures.
Learning User Preferences for Wireless Services Provisioning (2004)

The problem of interest is how to dynamically allocate wireless access services in a competitive market which implements a take-it-or-leave-it allocation mechanism. In this paper we focus on the subproblem of preference elicitation, given a mechanism. The user, due to a number of cognitive and technical reasons, is assumed to be initially uninformed over their preferences in the wireless domain. The solution we have developed is a closed-loop user-agent system that assists the user in application, task and context dependent service provisioning by adaptively and interactively learning to select the best wireless data service. The agent learns an incrementally revealed user preference model given explicit or implicit feedback on its decisions by the user. We model this closed-loop system as a Markov Decision Process, where the agent actions are rewarded by the user, and show how a reinforcement learning algorithm can be used to learn a model of the userýs preferences on-line in the given allocation mechanism. We evaluate the performance and value of the agent in a series of preliminary empirical user studies.
Evidence for the uptake of a vitamin D analogue (OCT) by a human carcinoma and its effect of suppressing the transcription of parathyroid hormone-related peptide gene in vivo. (1994)

The present study was undertaken to clarify the pharmacokinetics of 22-oxa-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (22-oxa-1,25-(OH)2D3, OCT), a vitamin D3 analogue with little calcemic activity, and its effect on the transcription of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHRP) gene in nude mice bearing a human carcinoma (FA-6) associated with humoral hypercalcemia. FA-6 tumor expressed vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA, and its nuclear extract contained a specific and saturable 1,25-(OH)2D3 binding activity. Although [3H]OCT administered intravenously into FA-6 tumor-bearing nude mice was cleared from the circulation more rapidly than [3H]1,25-(OH)2D3, the uptake of [3H]OCT into the tumor tissue, relative to the radioactivity in the circulation, was greater than that of [3H]1,25-(OH)2D3. Intravenous or oral administration of OCT reduced the steady-state levels of PTHRP mRNA in FA-6 tumor, and nuclear run-off assays demonstrated that the effect of OCT on PTHRP gene expression occurred at a transcriptional level. RNase mapping analysis revealed that both upstream and downstream promoters of the human PTHRP gene were down-regulated by OCT. Finally, OCT exerted a preventive as well as therapeutic effect on cancer-associated hypercalcemia with a marked prolongation of the survival time in tumor-bearing animals. These results suggest that OCT is effectively taken up by a VDR-positive human carcinoma in vivo and has a therapeutic potential for cancer-associated hypercalcemia through suppression of PTHRP gene transcription.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection Causes Iron Deficiency in Huh7.5.1 Cells (2013)

Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently develop systemic iron overload, which exacerbates morbidity. Nevertheless, iron inhibits HCV replication in cell culture models and thereby exerts antiviral activity. We hypothesized that the cellular iron status is crucial for the establishment of HCV infection. We show that HCV infection of permissive Huh7.5.1 hepatoma cells promotes an iron deficient phenotype. Thus, HCV leads to increased iron regulatory protein (IRP) activity, accumulation of IRP2 and suppression of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in the host. These data suggest that HCV regulates cellular iron levels to bypass iron-mediated inhibition in viral replication.
Head motion detection using FID navigators (2011)

This work explores a concept for motion detection in brain MR examinations using high channel-count RF coil arrays. It applies ultrashort (<100 μsec) free induction decay signals, making use of the knowledge that motion induces variations in these signals when compared to a reference free induction decay signal. As a proof-of-concept, the method was implemented in a standard structural MRI sequence. The stability of the free induction decay-signal was verified in phantom experiments. Human experiments demonstrated that the observed variations in the navigator data provide a sensitive measure for detection of relevant and common subject motion patterns. The proposed methodology provides a means to monitor subject motion throughout a MRI scan while causing little or no impact on the sequence timing and image contrast. It could hence complement available motion detection and correction methods, thus further reducing motion sensitivity in MR applications.
Design and Interpretation of Injection/Falloff Tests for Coalbed Methane Wells (1990)

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of a study undertaken to investigate the reasons why data from injection/falloff tests of coalbed methane wells were not interpretable using conventional well test analysis techniques and the results of a field study to investigate completion effectiveness during injection tests. The pressure transient test data obtained using the old injection/falloff test design were found to be interpretable only by history matching analysis. A modified test design is presented. A field example is presented which illustrates how application of the modified test design resulted in easily interpretable data using conventional well test analysis, techniques. Spinner surveys run during injection tests showed that breakdown/ballout treatments are required prior to simultaneous testing of multiple coals in cased-hole completions to ensure adequate communication between the well and all target coal seams.
Thermodynamic cycles of carbon dioxide plant with an additional turbine after the regenerator (1973)

Translated from Teploenergetika; 20: No. 3, 86-87(Mar 1973). Further improvement in CO/sub 2/ as a working medium in gas--liquid cycles to obtain higher efficiency gain in power plants was investigated. The CO/sub 2/ cycle is only economic with high inlet turbine pressures and a low condensation temperature. Further efficiency is gained if the working medium after being cooled in the regenerator, instead of passing into a cooler, passes into a turbine and then to a condenser or cooler. Efficiency calculations were made for the simple gas-liquid cycle, cycle with superposed turbine, cycle with combined regeneration, and with gas cycle. An investigation was also made into the effect of the temperature head at the cold end of the regenerator on the thermodynamic efficiency of the cycles for an initial cycle temperature of 813 K. (MCW)
Serotonin metabolism in migraine (1989)

To investigate systemic serotonin (5-HT) metabolism in migraine, we determined platelet and platelet-free plasma concentrations of 5-HT, its precursors tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan, and its main metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), as well as the activities of the platelet enzymes monoamine oxidase and phenolsulfotransferase in classic and common migraineurs. Between attacks, migraineurs had lower plasma 5-HT and higher 5-HIAA levels than did healthy controls and patients with tension headache. During migraine attacks, plasma 5-HT levels were substantially higher than during attack-free periods, while 5-HIAA concentrations and platelet enzyme activities were lower. Platelet 5-HT was reduced only during common, but not classic, migraine attacks. We hypothesize that systemic 5-HT metabolism is enhanced in migraineurs during headache-free periods and transiently decreases during attacks, presumably due to a fall in enzymatic degradation. Furthermore, platelet behavior differs during migraine attacks with and without aura, and release of platelet 5-HT cannot (exclusively) be held accountable for the rise of plasma 5-HT during migraine attacks.
Rigid amino acids related to .alpha.-methyldopa (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRigid amino acids related to .alpha.-methyldopaJoseph G. Cannon, John P. O'Donnell, John P. Rosazza, and Charles R. HoppinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 5, 565–568Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00251a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00251a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficacy of pyridoxine to ameliorate the cutaneous toxicity associated with doxorubicin containing pegylated (Stealth) liposomes: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial using a canine model. (1998)

A cutaneous reaction termed palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPES) or hand-foot syndrome can be dose limiting for Doxil, a doxorubicin containing pegylated (Stealth) liposome. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of concomitant pyridoxine therapy to prevent the development of PPES during Doxil therapy. Forty-one dogs with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive either oral pyridoxine or placebo daily during Doxil chemotherapy (1.0 mg/kg, i.v., every 3 weeks for a total of five treatments). Cutaneous toxicity was determined by clinical and histological scoring. No difference was observed in remission rates (71.4 versus 75%) achieved between groups. The likelihood of developing serious PPES and having to decrease or discontinue Doxil therapy was 4.2 times (relative risk) greater in placebo group dogs than in pyridoxine group dogs (P = 0.032). Pyridoxine did not completely abrogate PPES; however, it occurred later and less dramatically than in placebo-treated dogs and resulted in fewer treatment delays or discontinuations, allowing a higher cumulative dose of Doxil to be received. Compared to the 5.0 mg/kg cumulative target dose, pyridoxine-treated dogs received a median cumulative dose of 4.7 mg/kg (mean, 4.1 mg/kg), and the placebo-treated dogs received a median of 2.75 mg/kg (mean, 2.9 mg/kg; P < 0.028). A trend (P = 0.084) toward prolongation of remission length was observed in dogs receiving pyridoxine, which was likely attributable to their ability to receive more Doxil without delay or discontinuation. We conclude that pyridoxine is effective in delaying the onset and severity of PPES in this canine model.