gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol Fatty Acid Esters in Potato Products (2009)

The occurrence of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol fatty acid esters (bound 3-MCPD) in French fries and potato chips is reported. These products belong to the group of foodstuffs with high amount of 3-MCPD esters. Bound 3-MCPD was determined in all analysed samples in following concentrations: pre-frying French fries 27-64 μg/kg, French fries (final product) 100-258 μg/kg and potato chips 229-1008 μg/kg. Palm oil used for frying potato chips was analysed as well and the bound 3-MCPD levels ranged from 654 to 1920 μg/kg. 3-MCPD esters are formed in these products as a consequence of the processing technique. Especially frying oil represents the main source of these contaminants in frying potato products.
A review on migration techniques and challenges in live virtual machine migration (2016)

Cloud computing is an internet based that provides shared resources on demand and manage them like networks, storage, servers, applications and services which requires optimum effort of management. Migration of virtual machine is gaining more importance today to improve utilization of resources, load balancing of processing nodes, isolation of applications, tolerating the faults in virtual machines, to increase the portability of nodes and to rise the efficiency of the physical server. VM migration is the most important feature of virtualization. With this feature an OS state is transferred from one computing node to another physical node. There are two different techniques of migration, first is pre-copy migration and the second is post-copy migration technique. The pre-copy approach transfers the memory prior to the transfers of the execution to destination node. On other side the post copy migration first transfers the execution and then transfers the memory. This paper provides the better understanding of virtual machine migration techniques and research challenges by comparing existing VM migration techniques of cloud computing.
CONTROLLING THE DISCRETION TO PROSECUTE (2012)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Verification of Intramolecular Hybrid/Parallel G-Quadruplex Structure under Physiological Conditions Using Novel Cyanine Dye H-Aggregates: Both in Solution and on Au Film (2010)

The H-aggregates of a novel cyanine dye, 3,3'-di(3-sulfopropyl)-4,5,4',5'-dibenzo-9-methyl-thiacarbocyanine triethylammonium salt (MTC), have been fabricated to verify hybrid/parallel intramolecular G-quadruplexes from linear duplex and single-strand DNAs under physiological conditions. The recognition is found to be successful both in solution and on Au film. These results have shown MTC H-aggregates, as a supramolecular system, may be used as a potential excellent probe for DNA structure, both in vitro and in vivo.
Auxin response factors ARF6 and ARF8 promote jasmonic acid production and flower maturation (2005)

Pollination in flowering plants requires that anthers release pollen when the gynoecium is competent to support fertilization. We show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, two paralogous auxin response transcription factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate both stamen and gynoecium maturation. arf6 arf8 double-null mutant flowers arrested as infertile closed buds with short petals, short stamen filaments, undehisced anthers that did not release pollen and immature gynoecia. Numerous developmentally regulated genes failed to be induced. ARF6 and ARF8 thus coordinate the transition from immature to mature fertile flowers. Jasmonic acid (JA) measurements and JA feeding experiments showed that decreased jasmonate production caused the block in pollen release, but not the gynoecium arrest. The double mutant had altered auxin responsive gene expression. However, whole flower auxin levels did not change during flower maturation, suggesting that auxin might regulate flower maturation only under specific environmental conditions, or in localized organs or tissues of flowers. arf6 and arf8 single mutants and sesquimutants (homozygous for one mutation and heterozygous for the other) had delayed stamen development and decreased fecundity, indicating that ARF6 and ARF8 gene dosage affects timing of flower maturation quantitatively.
[Cloning of T7 lysozyme gene and construction of the vector for transgenic plants resistant to bacterial infection]. (1994)

DNA were extracted from bacteriophage T7 and digested partially with Ava II. T7 lysozyme gene was obtained by PCR. DNA sequence analysis showed that the nucleotide sequence of T7 lysozyme gene was 99.5% homologous with the reported sequence and its deduced amino acid sequence was the same as reported. DNA fragment encoding the signal peptide of the pathogenesis-related protein 1b(PR-1b) from tobacco and cecropin (Shiva-I) gene cloned in pUC19 were modified by PCR. The PR-1b signal peptide gene was fused respectively to the 5' terminals of T7 lysozyme gene and expression vector, so that T7 lysozyme gene and Shiva-I gene could express simultaneously in transgenic plants and the two gene products could be secreted to extracellular space.
Hemolyzed specimens: a major challenge for emergency departments and clinical laboratories (2011)

The term hemolysis designates the pathological process of breakdown of red blood cells in blood, which is typically accompanied by varying degrees of red tinge in serum or plasma once the whole blood specimen has been centrifuged. Hemolyzed specimens are a rather frequent occurrence in laboratory practice, and the rate of hemolysis is remarkably higher in specimens obtained in the Emergency Department (ED) as compared with other wards or outpatient phlebotomy services. Although hemolyzed specimens may reflect the presence of hemolytic anemia, in most cases they are due to preanalytical sources related to incorrect procedures or failure to follow procedures for collection, handling and storage of the samples; some of these are typical of the ED. Since hemolyzed specimens are often an important cause of relationship, economic, organizational and clinical problems between the ED and the clinical laboratory, it is essential to develop effective processes for systematically identifying unsuitable specimens (e.g. by using the hemolysis index), differentiating in vitro from in vivo hemolysis, troubleshooting the potential causes, and maintaining good relations between the clinical laboratory and the ED.
High-power and high-temperature operation of Mg-doped AlGaInP-based red laser diodes (2004)

This paper reports on high-power and high-temperature operation of an AlGaInP-based high-power red laser diode with magnesium (Mg)-doped quaternary-alloy cladding layer. The use of Mg dopant with small diffusion coefficient enables abrupt doping profiles as well as high carrier concentrations when compared to conventional zinc (Zn) dopant. It was also found that the metal-organic vapor phase epitaxial (MOVPE) growth of Mg-doped quaternary AlGaInP alloy is not affected by so-called reactor memory effects, while unintentional incorporation of Mg is observed in GaAs after the growth of Mg-doped GaAs layers. The higher carrier concentration in the p-type cladding layer enhanced carrier confinement in the active layer so that device performance at high temperature is improved. The abrupt doping profile suppressing dopant diffusion into the active layer eliminates the nonradiative recombination in the active layer resulting in higher external quantum efficiency. The characteristic temperature of the Mg-doped red laser with a lasing wavelength of 659 nm is as high as 167 K while the Zn-doped laser exhibits a temperature of 127 K. High kink-free output power of 150 mW is achieved at 75/spl deg/C.
An on-line repository for embedded software (2002)

The use of off-the-shelf components (COTS) can significantly reduce the time and cost of developing large-scale software systems. However, there are some difficult problems with the component-based approach. First, the developers have to be able to effectively retrieve components. This requires the developers to have an extensive knowledge of available components and how to retrieve them. After identifying the components, the developers also face a steep learning curve to master the use of these components. We are developing an On-line Repository for Embedded Software (ORES) to facilitate component management and retrieval. In this paper, we address the issues of designing software repository systems to assist users in obtaining appropriate components and learning to understand and use the components efficiently. We use an ontology to construct an abstract view of the organization of the components in ORES. The ontology structure facilitates repository browsing and effective search. We also develop a set of tools to assist with component comprehension, including a tutorial manager and a component explorer.
The impact analysis task in software maintenance: a model and a case study (1994)

If better tools are to be developed to support the impact analysis task, greater clarity is needed about the exact nature of that task. This paper presents a definition of impact analysis and distinguishes between impact analysis and program understanding. Impact analysis is a necessarily approximate technique which must focus on the cost-effective minimization of unwanted side-effects. A key to effectiveness would be a way of precisely describing the semantics of each software change. A general model of software impacts is presented that uses flexible declarative propagation rules to describe the way software objects affect each other. Preliminary versions of the model have been implemented in an impact analysis system. A small case study was performed to gain experience in applying the model as part of a software change process. Recommendations are made for impact analysis tool support and for further research directions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hard-X-ray imaging optics based on four aspherical mirrors with 50 nm resolution (2012)

Ultraprecise imaging optics, which consists of two sets of elliptical mirrors and hyperbolic mirrors aligned perpendicular to each other (i.e., advanced Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrrors), is developed to realize high-resolution and achromatic full-field hard-X-ray microscopy. Experiments to form a demagnified image (with horizontal and vertical demagnification factors of 385 and 210, respectively) are conducted to evaluate the optical system at an X-ray energy of 11.5 keV at SPring-8. Results show that the imaging system can form a demagnified image with nearly diffraction-limited resolutions of ~50 nm in the horizontal and vertical directions. The field of view is also experimentally estimated to be ~12 × ~14 μm(2) when used as a magnification imaging system.
Preparation and Application of Novel EOPO−IDA−Metal Polymer as Recyclable Metal Affinity Ligand in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (2006)

A recyclable affinity ligand for immobilized metal affinity separation with temperature-induced effect was prepared using the appropriate synthesis route. The random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EOPO) was chosen as the thermoseparating polymer. After suitable activation on EOPO the metal chelating function group (iminodiacetic acid, IDA) was coupled. The optimal conditions for preparing EOPO−IDA−metal were explored in the present work, and the Cu2+ content in EOPO−IDA−Cu(II) could reach 0.70 mol mol-1 EOPO. The results indicated that the couple of IDA and IDA−metal to EOPO has a little influence on the cloud point of EOPO. The affinity partitioning of nattokinase in the aqueous two-phase system demonstrated the effect of EOPO−IDA−metal on the selective partitioning of metal binding protein. Some factors, such as metal ions, EOPO−IDA−metal concentration, pH, amount of fermentation broth, and addition of metal chelating reagents, were investigated for optimizing the nattokinase separation. A two-step separation process combining immobilized metal ion affinity partition and temperature-induced phase separation was proposed to separate nattokinase directly from Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth, which utilizes the immobilized metal ion affinity partition for selective partitioning and the temperature-induced effect to achieve the recycling of phase-forming polymer and affinity ligand.
Cytosolic Entry Controls CD8<sup>+</sup>-T-Cell Potency during Bacterial Infection (2006)

Interaction with host immunoreceptors during microbial infection directly impacts the magnitude of the ensuing innate immune response. How these signals affect the quality of the adaptive T-cell response remains poorly understood. Utilizing an engineered strain of the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes that infects cells but fails to escape from the phagosome, we demonstrate the induction of long-lived memory T cells that are capable of secondary expansion and effector function but are incapable of providing protective immunity. We demonstrate that microbial invasion of the cytosol is required for dendritic cell activation and integration of CD40 signaling, ultimately determining the ability of the elicited CD8+-T-cell pool to protect against lethal wild-type L. monocytogenes challenge. These results reveal a crucial role for phagosomal escape, not for delivery of antigen to the class I major histocompatibility complex pathway but for establishing the appropriate cellular context during CD8+-T-cell priming.
Hyperbolic ordinal embedding (2019)

Given ordinal relations such as the object i is more similar to j than k is to l, ordinal embedding is to embed these objects into a low-dimensional space with all ordinal constraints\npreserved. Although existing approaches have preserved ordinal relations in Euclidean\nspace, whether Euclidean space is compatible with true data structure is largely ignored,\nalthough it is essential to effective embedding. Since real data often exhibit hierarchical\nstructure, it is hard for Euclidean space approaches to achieve effective embeddings in low\ndimensionality, which incurs high computational complexity or overfitting. In this paper we\npropose a novel hyperbolic ordinal embedding (HOE) method to embed objects in hyperbolic space. Due to the hierarchy-friendly property of hyperbolic space, HOE can effectively\ncapture the hierarchy to achieve embeddings in an extremely low-dimensional space. We\nhave not only theoretically proved the superiority of hyperbolic space and the limitations\nof Euclidean space for embedding hierarchical data, but also experimentally demonstrated\nthat HOE significantly outperforms Euclidean-based methods.
Managing Noise and Vibration at Work (2013)

New EU Physical Agents Directives on Noise and Vibration will be incorporated into UK law by February 2006. Explicit action levels for vibration will be introduced, while the action levels for noise will be drastically cut. In order to comply with these Directives, companies need to assess noise and vibration levels and provide necessary protection for their employees. They are also required to monitor and if necessary reduce noise and vibration risks.Managing Noise and Vibration at Work introduces noise and both hand-arm and whole-body vibration by explaining what they are and how they can affect the body, drawing out the similarities and differences between the hazards. It provides clear explanations of the requirements of the EU Directives and explains how to fulfill them. Practical information on measurement, making noise and vibration assessments, and approaches to controlling risk help the reader to understand the issues of noise and vibration exposure in the workplace. The text is supported by information and diagrams of measuring equipment, advice on how to plan a survey, worked examples of necessary calculations, and charts and diagrams that can be used in place of the calculations. Suitable hearing and vibration protection is detailed. Case studies help to set the subject in context and highlight common errors and pitfalls.The book fully covers the syllabuses of the Institute of Acoustics’ certificate courses in Workplace Noise Assessment and Management of Occupational Exposure to Hand-arm Vibration. It will also be of use to those studying for the Diploma in Acoustics and Noise Control. For those studying for the NEBOSH Diploma in Health and Safety, this book satisfies modules 1E and 2E. As the Institute of Acoustics syllabuses are based on the Health and Safety Executive's guidelines, the book will also be a useful up-to-date reference for: risk managers; Health and Safety advisors and managers; occupational hygienists; environmental health officers; and HSE inspectors, especially in the Construction, Manufacturing, Agriculture and Forestry sectors.Tim South is a Senior Lecturer in Acoustics at the School of Health and Human Sciences at Leeds Metropolitan University, and a member of the Institute of Acoustics’ Education Committee. He teaches the Institute of Acoustics courses for the Certificate of Competence in Workplace Noise Assessment, the Certificate in the Management of Occupational Exposure to Hand-arm Vibration, and also the Institute’s Diploma in Acoustics and Noise Control. He has extensive consultancy experience in workplace noise assessments, hand-arm vibration and whole-body vibration exposure assessments.
β-Isocupreidine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Baylis−Hillman Reaction of Imines (2003)

[reaction: see text] beta-Isocupreidine (beta-ICD)-catalyzed asymmetric Baylis-Hillman reactions of aromatic imines with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate (HFIPA) give (S)-enriched N-protected-alpha-methylene-beta-amino acid esters. In contrast to the corresponding aldehydes, imines show the opposite enantioselectivity. A mechanistic proposal governed by hydrogen bonding is presented.
THE PHOTOVISCOSITY EFFECT (1967)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
A new adaptive classified transform coding method (image coding) (1989)

An efficient discrete cosine transform technique using a new adaptive feature for bandwidth compression is described. Taking account of human visual characteristics and transform coefficient statistics, the higher activity region is further classified into four subclasses according to four proposed basic patterns, while the lower activity region is assigned to four subclasses according to its AC-energy (image activity) distribution. Computer simulations shows that the proposed adaptive coder exhibits a performance improvement of 1 dB or more over conventional adaptive coders at the same coding rates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Epitaxial formation of lead sulfide crystals under arachidic acid monolayers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEpitaxial formation of lead sulfide crystals under arachidic acid monolayersX. K. Zhao, J. Yang, L. D. McCormick, and J. H. FendlerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 24, 9933–9939Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100203a065https://doi.org/10.1021/j100203a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views417Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Rapid fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) for <i>HER2 (ERBB2)</i> assessment in breast and gastro-oesophageal cancer (2015)

Evaluation of HER2 (ERBB2) gene amplification or protein expression is standard of care in breast (BR) and advanced stage gastro-oesophageal cancers to identify patients eligible for anti-HER2 therapies. Here, we evaluate a rapid fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) technology (HER2 instant quality (IQ) FISH pharmDx Kit) for detection of HER2 in patients with BR and gastro-oesophageal cancer using 30 FFPE samples that had been previously evaluated with the PathVysion HER2 DNA Probe Kit. Cases were scored as positive (HER2:CEN-17 ≥2.0), negative (HER2:CEN-17 <2.0) or equivocal according to the ASCO/CAP 2013 BR cancer guidelines. Ten samples were positive for HER2 amplification while 20 were negative; none were equivocal. The IQ FISH was able to detect low level amplification (HER2:CEN-17 ratio 2.4). The HER2 IQ FISH pharmDx Kit is a FDA approved kit that offers a rapid turnaround time (approximately 3.5 h) and in our laboratory was 100% concordant with prior PathVysion results.
Reaction Sintering of <scp> <scp>HfC</scp> </scp> / <scp> <scp>W</scp> </scp> Cermets with High Strength and Toughness (2012)

Hafnium carbide/tungsten ( HfC / W ) cermets were prepared by an in situ reaction sintering process, using hafnium oxide ( HfO 2 ) and tungsten carbide ( WC ) as the raw materials. The reaction path, densification behavior, microstructure development, and mechanical properties of the cermets were comprehensively investigated. It was found that WC decomposed to tungsten semicarbide ( W 2 C ) and tungsten ( W ) in sequence, and meanwhile HfC was formed by carbothermal reduction between HfO 2 and as‐released carbon from the dissociation of WC . The solid solution formation between HfC and W during sintering was also studied. The obtained cermets (>98% TD) have a Vickers' hardness of 8.16 GPa, a fracture toughness of 14.45 MPa m 1/2 , and a high flexural strength of 1211 MPa.
<i>In situ</i> real time process characterization in nanoimprint lithography using time-resolved diffractive scatterometry (2004)

To optimize nanoimprint lithography (NIL), it is essential to be able to characterize and control the NIL process in situ and in real time. Here, we present a method for in situ real-time NIL process characterization using time-resolved diffractive scatterometry (TRDS). A surface relief diffraction grating is used as the imprint mold, and the diffracted light intensity is monitored continuously during the imprint process. We use a scalar diffraction model to calculate the diffraction intensity as a function of the mold penetration ratio. Simulations show good agreement with the experimental results. Our results indicate that TRDS offers a powerful characterization tool that can be used for in situ, real-time NIL process control.