gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vintafolide: A Novel Targeted Agent for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2014)

Vintafolide (EC145) is a novel folate-conjugated vinca alkaloid (desacetylvinblastine hydrazide; DAVBLH) that binds with high affinity to the folate receptor (FR), expressed in a majority of epithelial ovarian cancers. In preclinical studies, vintafolide had significant antiproliferative activity and tolerability. Phase I studies demonstrated an acceptable safety profile, with constipation being the dose-limiting toxicity. A Phase II study of vintafolide plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) versus PLD alone in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer showed a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival with combination therapy. (99m)Tc-etarfolatide, a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical, determines FR status, which allows determination of those patients most likely to benefit from treatment with vintafolide. A Phase III study evaluating vintafolide plus PLD versus PLD alone in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer is currently underway.
Successful expression of human factor IX following repeat administration of adenoviral vector in mice. (1996)

Adenoviral vectors can direct high-level expression of a transgene, but, due to a host immune response to adenoviral antigens, expression is of limited duration, and repetitive administration has generally been unsuccessful. Exposure to foreign proteins beginning in the neonatal period may alter or ablate the immune response. We injected adult and neonatal (immunocompetent) CD-1 mice intravenously with an adenoviral vector expressing human blood coagulation factor IX. In both groups of mice, expression of human factor IX persisted for 12-16 weeks. However, in mice initially injected as adults, repeat administration of the vector resulted in no detectable expression of the transgene, whereas in mice initially injected in the neonatal period, repeat administration resulted in high-level expression of human factor IX. We show that animals that fail to express the transgene on repeat administration have developed high-titer neutralizing antibodies to adenovirus, whereas those that do express factor IX have not. This experimental model suggests that newborn mice can be tolerized to adenoviral vectors and demonstrates that at least one repeat injection of the adenoviral vector is possible; the model will be useful in elucidating the immunologic mechanisms underlying successful repeat administration of adenoviral vectors.
Security for Mobile Agents: Issues and Requirements (1996)

Mobile agents are processes which can autonomously migrate to new hosts. Despite its many practical bene ts, mobile agent technology results in signi cant new security threats frommalicious agents and hosts. The primary added complication is that, as an agent traverses multiple hosts that are trusted to di erent degrees, its state can change in ways that adversely impact its functionality. In this paper, we investigate these new threats and develop a set of achievable security requirements for mobile agent systems.
Tissue Distribution after Intravenous Dosing of Micafungin, an Antifungal Drug, to Rats (2004)

The tissue distribution after an intravenous dose of micafungin (1 mg/kg), a new echinocandin-like lipopeptide antifungal agent, to male rats was investigated. Micafungin in plasma disappeared biexponentially with a terminal half-life of 5.03 h. Micafungin concentrations in liver, kidney, and lung at the first sampling time (5 min) after dosing were 1.15, 1.64, and 2.58-fold higher than the plasma concentration, and the AUC(0- infinity ) were 1.61, 3.42, and 2.89-fold higher than that for plasma. The terminal half-lives for these tissues were 5.14, 4.87, and 5.31 h, respectively, which were comparable to those for plasma. These results suggest that micafungin distributes rapidly and moderately into tissues such as the liver, kidney, and lungs, and that the concentrations in tissues decreased in parallel with the unchanged drug in plasma.
A cluster of farms experiencing severe porcine circovirus associated disease: Clinical features and association with the PCV2b genotype (2007)

The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical, histopathological, and virological features of an outbreak of severe porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) on four farms located in the same geographical region of Kansas. The outbreak of PCVAD was evident by increased mortality and the appearance of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, and neurological signs. Whole porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genomes were derived by sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products amplified from tissues. Nucleotide differences between North American and European isolates were used to construct a genotype-specific PCR assay for detection of different genotypes. Genetic sequencing of PCV2 from 12 PCVAD-affected pigs showed that all viruses were associated with the PCV2b genotype and were distant from historical PCV2a isolates. Routine virus isolation from tissues of PCVAD-affected pigs yielded both PCV2a and PCV2b viruses, as well as a porcine teschovirus.The identification of PCV2b in Kansas is consistent with the increased incidence of both severe PCVAD and variant PCV2 genotypes worldwide. The ultimate source of the PCV2b virus within the production systems studied remains unclear. Genotype-specific PCR assays provide new tools for understanding the contributions of PCV2a and PCV2b viruses to PCVAD.
The Preparation of Heterocyclic Appended Vinylogous Iminium Salts and Their Application to the Regioselective Preparation of Biheterocyclic Systems (1998)

The synthesis of heterocyclic appended vinylogous iminium salts is described along with their conversion to heterocyclic appended pyrimidines, triazolopyrimidines, and pyrroles.
Biophysical Mechanisms of Stroke (1997)

Recent advances in the treatment of stroke are based on increasing knowledge of its underlying biophysical mechanisms, as well as on better-publicized advances in imaging instrumentation and procedures for the management and treatment of patients.
Use of ontologies for decision support generation and analysis (2006)

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the benefits of using ontologies to generate various artificial intelligence exchange and service tie to all test environments (AI-ESTATE - IEEE Std 1232trade-2002) diagnostic models. One of these benefits is the ability to take engineering information and create multiple models from the same information, thereby reducing the possibility of translation errors. Another benefit offered in the use of an ontology is the ability to determine all possible diagnoses that lead to a particular indictment, thereby making the diagnostic model's coverage explicit. The ontology will be created using the OWL Web ontology language. The generation of the AI-ESTATE diagnostic models will be based on the use of description logic. Description logic will also be used to perform the coverage analysis
1000 km transmission of 40 Gbit/s single channelRZ data over dispersion managed standard (non-dispersion shifted) fibre (1999)

Error-free transmission of a single polarisation optical time division multiplexed 40 Gbit/s dispersion managed pulse data stream over 1009 km has been achieved in dispersion-compensated standard (non-dispersion shifted) fibre. This distance is twice the previous record at this data rate.
Mechanistic Studies on the Rh(III)-Mediated Amido Transfer Process Leading to Robust C–H Amination with a New Type of Amidating Reagent (2015)

Mechanistic investigations on the Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed direct C-H amination reaction led us to reveal the new utility of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one and its derivatives as highly efficient amino sources. Stepwise analysis on the C-N bond-forming process showed that competitive binding of rhodium metal center to amidating reagent or substrate is closely related to the reaction efficiency. In this line, 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones were observed to have a strong affinity to the cationic Rh(III) giving rise to dramatically improved amidation efficiency when compared to azides. Kinetics and computational studies suggested that the high amidating reactivity of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one can also be attributed to the low activation energy of an imido-insertion process in addition to the high coordination ability. While the characterization of a cationic Cp*Rh(III) complex bearing an amidating reagent was achieved, its facile conversion to an amido-inserted rhodacycle allowed for a clear picture on the C-H amidation process. The newly developed amidating reagent of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones was applicable to a broad range of substrates with high functional group tolerance, releasing carbon dioxide as a single byproduct. Additional attractive features of this amino source, such as they are more convenient to prepare, store, and use when compared to the corresponding azides, take a step closer toward an ideal C-H amination protocol.
<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies with tetra‐hydro‐jasmonic acid (LR2412) reveal its potential to correct signs of skin ageing (2013)

The in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate that based on its multiple interactions within human skin, LR2412 has potential to partially correct the signs of ageing in intrinsically and photoaged skin.
Far Infrared Studies of Bismuth (1960)

The zero-field and magneto-optic studies of bismuth reported here cover a range of frequencies where the plasma effects are large and rapidly changing. It is found that the data lend themselves to an interpretation in terms of classical magneto-plasma theory when anisotropy is taken into account. The contribution of the free carriers to the optical properties can be isolated from the interband transitions and hence the static value of the dielectric constant, ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{0}$, the number of free electrons per cc, $n$, and the effective-mass parameters for the electron band can be determined when used in conjunction with the results of cyclotron resonance studies.
Fe-Based Ferromagnetic Glassy Alloys with Wide Supercooled Liquid Region (1995)

A multicomponent Fe72Al5Ga2P11C6B4 alloy was found to form a glassy phase with a wide supercooled liquid region before crystallization and of ferromagnetism at room temperature. The glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tx) and temperature intervals of supercooled liquid, ΔTx(=Tx−Tg) for the glassy alloy are 732, 793 and 61 K, respectively. It is to be noticed that the supercooled liquid region exceeds 60 K which is about 3 times larger than the largest ΔTx value for the Fe-based glassy alloys reported up to date. The amorphous alloy also exhibits good bending ductility and rather good soft ferromagnetic properties at room temperature. The soft magnetic properties are improved by annealing at temperatures above the Curie temperature (Tc). The magnetic properties at room temperature for the glassy alloy annealed for 600 s at 723 K are 605 K for Tc, 1.07 T for saturation magnetization, 5.1 A/m for coercivity, 9000 for permeability at 1 kHz and 2.0×10−6 for magnetostriction. The finding of the ductile Fe-based glassy alloy exhibiting simultaneously the wide supercooled liquid region and good soft ferromagnetic properties is expected to create a new ferromagnetic bulk material with good deformability.
Managing multiple real and simulation business scenarios by means of a multiversion data warehouse (2006)

This paper addresses problems of the evolution of data warehouse schema and dimensions. In order to handle the evolution, we apply a multiversion data warehouse (MVDW). In this paper we discuss real world cases illustrating a DW evolution and show how to apply the MVDW in order to handle the cases.
Metabolism of <scp>d</scp> -Arabinose: Origin of a <scp>d</scp> -Ribulokinase Activity in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1971)

The kinase responsible for the phosphorylation of d-ribulose was purified 45.5-fold from a strain of Escherichia coli K-12 capable of growth on d-arabinose with no separation of d-ribulo- or l-fuculokinase activities. Throughout the purification, the ratios of activities remained essentially constant. A nonadditive effect of combining both substrates in an assay mixture; identical K(m) values for adenosine triphosphate with either l-fuculose or d-ribulose as substrate; and, the irreversible loss of activity on both substrates, after removal of magnesium ions from the enzyme preparation, suggest that the dual activity is due to the same enzyme. A fourfold greater affinity of the enzyme for l-fuculose than for d-ribulose, as well as a higher relative activity on l-fuculose, suggest that the natural substrate for this enzyme is l-fuculose. The product of the purified enzyme, with d-ribulose as substrate, was prepared. The ratio of total phosphorous to ribulose phosphate was 1.01:1, indicating that the product was ribulose monophosphate. The behavior of the kinase product in the cysteine-carbazole and orcinol reactions, as well as the results of periodate oxidation assays, provided evidence that it was not d-ribulose-5-phosphate. Reaction of this compound with a cell-free extract of E. coli possessing l-fuculose-l-phosphate aldolase activity resulted in the production of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glycolaldehyde. The kinase product failed to reduce 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium and possessed a half-life of approximately 1.5 min in the presence of 1 n HCl at 100 C. These properties suggested that the phosphate group was attached to carbon atom 1 of d-ribulose.
Synthesis of N-Terminally Linked Protein and Peptide Dimers by Native Chemical Ligation (2010)

Dimerization can be utilized to double the molecular weight of proteins and peptides and potentially increase their avidity of binding to target receptors. These dimerization effects may be utilized to increase in vivo half-lives in a manner similar to PEGylation and may also improve biological activity. In this paper, we report a new strategy for the synthesis of N-terminally linked protein and peptide homodimers utilizing native chemical ligation to conjugate a short dithioester linker to the N-terminal cysteines of protein and peptide monomers to form dimers in a single step. This strategy is general and has been applied to the production of dimers from three recombinantly expressed polypeptides, the IgG binding domain Protein G, an HIV entry inhibitor peptide C37H6, and human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). The biological activities of the C37H6 and IL-1ra dimers produced by these methods were retained or even slightly increased when compared to their corresponding monomers.
Real-Time Pedestrian Detection and Tracking on Customized Hardware (2016)

No abstract available.
Iron Oxide Sink Method for Extracting Soil Phosphorus: Paper Preparation and Use (1997)

Abstract Since the FeO‐sink method to estimate plant‐available P in soils was first introduced in 1983, modifications have continued to improve the procedure. Recently FeO‐coated paper circles (5.5‐cm diam.) were used in place of the traditional 2 by 10 cm strips. The objective of this study was to more clearly describe the preparation and use of the FeO‐coated circles. We used Whatman no. 50 hardened filter paper (2.7‐µm pore openings). Standard methods for FeCl 3 treatment of the papers were used. After the papers had been air dried, one paper was secured between two 10 by 10 cm fiberglass screens. By simultaneously immersing stacks of 25 of these paper‐screen units in 2.7 M NH 4 OH for a 30‐s immersion time, 100 papers could be uniformly coated with FeO in about 10 min. Immersion times of 30, 60, and 180 s in NH 4 OH solution showed that papers immersed for 30 s in NH 4 OH solution extracted P as effectively as those immersed for longer times. One 5.5‐cm FeO circle was as effective as three circles in extracting P from most soils. A desorption model for soil P was used that can relate soil‐test P to desorption kinetics. In soils with maximum reversible P ranging from 25.1 to 106.5 mg kg −1 , desorption constants ranged from 0.141 to 0.232 h −1 with a mean of 0.191 h −1 . Low‐P soils released P slower than did high‐P soils. Such information may be of interest in assessing P availability in soils.
The Intention to Re-Adopt Collaboration and Communication Technologies by Project Teams (2015)

The adoption of technology is a subject of perennial interest in information systems. Post- Adoption continuance has recently been an area that has attracted interest. However the adoption of technologies within projects is an understudied area. This paper proposes to examine the reasons for technology adoption in projects where there is some experience with the technology from previous projects. Technology Continuance Theory (TCT) (Liao, Palvia, & Chen, 2009) is adopted in this research as a theoretical lens. The main purpose of this research is to explore if CCTs acceptance and use are consistent with the TCT. The participants of this study are Information Systems professionals. It is expected that the TCT will provide an adequate explanation for intention to adopt CCTs in projects where the technology has been used before.
Calorie Restriction, Aging, and Cancer Prevention: Mechanisms of Action and Applicability to Humans (2003)

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most effective and reproducible intervention for increasing lifespan in a variety of animal species, including mammals. CR is also the most potent, broadly acting cancer-prevention regimen in experimental carcinogenesis models. Translation of the knowledge gained from CR research to human chronic disease prevention and the promotion of healthy aging is critical, especially because obesity, which is an important risk factor for several chronic diseases, including many cancers, is alarmingly increasing in the Western world. This review synthesizes the key biological mechanisms underlying many of the beneficial effects of CR, with a particular focus on the insulin-like growth factor-1 pathway. We also describe some of the opportunities now available for investigations, including gene expression profiling studies, the development of pharmacological mimetics of CR, and the integration of CR regimens with targeted, mechanism-based interventions. These approaches will facilitate the translation of CR research into strategies for effective human chronic disease prevention.
Chondrocyte apoptosis and regional differential expression of nitric oxide in the medial meniscus following partial meniscectomy (2001)

Partial medial meniscectomy leads to tibial articular cartilage degeneration. Nitric oxide (NO) production increases with the development of osteoarthritis (OA) and has been shown to have a catabolic effect on chondrocytes. Since distribution of chondrocytic and fibroblastic cell types within the total cell population comprising meniscus is region-specific, we compared NO production in the peripheral and central regions of the medial meniscus 12 weeks after partial medial meniscectomy and assessed chondrocyte apoptosis and NO production in the tibial articular cartilage. Additionally, transcriptional gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and immunohistochemical staining of nitrotyrosine were examined. The results showed that following partial medial meniscectomy, NO production in the central region of the medial meniscus and in the tibial articular cartilage were significantly higher than respective NO levels in normal and sham-operated controls. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed a high transcriptional expression of the iNOS gene in the central region of the meniscus and in tibial articular cartilage following partial medial meniscectomy. Nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity was prominent in the central region of the medial meniscus and in the deep layer of the tibial articular cartilage and apoptotic cells were also detected in situ in the superficial zone of the tibial articular cartilage and central regions of the medial meniscus following partial medial meniscectomy. These observations suggest that the central region of the meniscus is responsible for NO synthesis associated with apoptosis in both meniscal and articular cartilage cells following partial meniscectomy.
Expression of Bone Matrix Protein mRNAs by Primary and Cloned Cultures of the Regenerative Phenotype of Human Periodontal Fibroblasts (2001)

The successful regeneration of periodontal tissues is dependent, in part, on the ability of cells to reconstitute the mineralized tissues of cementum and bone. The aim of the present study was to characterize regeneration-associated cells in terms of their ability to express mineralized tissue macromolecules. Following guided tissue regeneration, cell cultures were established from regenerating tissue, periodontal ligament, and gingiva. Additionally, these cells were transfected, and single-cell-derived clones were established. Following treatment with platelet-derived growth factor-BB and insulin-derived growth factor-1, the presence of mRNA for alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and bone morphogenetic proteins-2 and -4 was assessed. The three cell types expressed similar mRNA levels for alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and bone morphogenetic protein-4, whereas the expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein was greater in the periodontal ligament and regenerating tissue fibroblasts compared with the gingival fibroblasts. The two growth factors did not affect the expression of any of the genes. This study has identified markers that correlate with the known ability of periodontal ligament and regenerating tissue-derived fibroblasts to facilitate regeneration of the mineralized tissues of the periodontium.
Developing new miniature energy systems (1994)

This article describes work on new system architectures for heat pumps and heat engines using microcomponents promising high energy densities. A transition to distributed energy processing would allow for the reduction of distribution-related losses, which can be quite large in energy systems. At Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), scientists hypothesize that the trend will decisively change the relationship between central and distributed energy processes. The researchers envision the microtechnology revolution transitioning from microelectronics alone to a technology that includes micromechanical systems. Microsensors using microstructures and actuators are under development at PNL and elsewhere, including at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and at MIT in Cambridge, Mass., and are being commercialized for some application. Adding to this vision is a potential new device, the micro heat pump.
Self-Tuning Multisensor Weighted Measurement Fusion Kalman Filter (2009)

For the multisensor systems with unknown noise variances, based on the solution of the matrix equations for the correlation function, the on-line estimators of the noise variance matrices are obtained, whose consistency is proved using the ergodicity of sampled correlation function. Further, two self-tuning weighted measurement fusion Kalman filters are presented for the multisensor systems with identical and different measurement matrices, respectively. Based on the stability of the dynamic error system, a new convergence analysis tool is presented for a self-tuning fuser, which is called the dynamic error system analysis (DESA) method. A new concept of convergence in a realization is presented, which is weaker than the convergence with probability one. It is rigorously proved that the proposed self-tuning Kalman fusers converge to the steady-state optimal Kalman fusers in a realization or with probability one, so that they have asymptotic global optimality. A simulation example for a target tracking system with 3 sensors shows their effectiveness.