gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pentameric Organization of the Ribosomal Stalk Accelerates Recruitment of Ricin A Chain to the Ribosome for Depurination (2010)

Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) depurinate a universally conserved adenine in the α-sarcin/ricin loop (SRL) and inhibit protein synthesis at the translation elongation step. We previously showed that ribosomal stalk is required for depurination of the SRL by ricin toxin A chain (RTA). The interaction between RTA and ribosomes was characterized by a two-step binding model, where the stalk structure could be considered as an important interacting element. Here, using purified yeast ribosomal stalk complexes assembled in vivo, we show a direct interaction between RTA and the isolated stalk complex. Detailed kinetic analysis of these interactions in real time using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) indicated that there is only one type of interaction between RTA and the ribosomal stalk, which represents one of the two binding steps of the interaction with ribosomes. Interactions of RTA with the isolated stalk were relatively insensitive to salt, indicating that nonelectrostatic interactions were dominant. We compared the interaction of RTA with the full pentameric stalk complex containing two pairs of P1/P2 proteins with its interaction with the trimeric stalk complexes containing only one pair of P1/P2 and found that the rate of association of RTA with the pentamer was higher than with either trimer. These results demonstrate that the stalk is the main landing platform for RTA on the ribosome and that pentameric organization of the stalk accelerates recruitment of RTA to the ribosome for depurination. Our results suggest that multiple copies of the stalk proteins might also increase the scavenging ability of the ribosome for the translational GTPases.
Trisodium Phosptiate (TSP) Treatment of Beef Surfaces to Reduce <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 and <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (1994)

ABSTRACT Trisodium phosphate (TSP) was evaluated for removing attached E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium from beef surfaces using microbiological plating and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both fat and fascia surfaces were exposed to 10 9 CFU/mL of each inoculum for 15 min and rinsed with 10% TSP solution (10°C) for 15 sec. Compared to controls, the level of E. coli O157:H7 was 1.35 and 0.92‐logs lower on TSP‐treated fat and fascia surfaces, respectively by plating. .S. typhimurium was 0.91‐ and 0.51‐logs lower, respectively. By SEM, TSP‐treated fabcia surfaces showed 1.39‐log and 0.86‐log reductions in E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium , respectively. Overall, TSP was more effective on removing E. coli O157:H7 than S. typhimutium and more efficient in removing both bacteria from fat surfaces than from fascia.
Work Productivity as a Function of the Percentage of Monetary Incentives to Base Pay (1990)

In many individual monetary incentive systems workers receive an hourly base pay and can earn incentives when productivity exceeds a specified standard. The total amount that can be earned in incentives is often expressed as a percentage of base pay. This study examined the effects of different percentages of incentive pay to base pay on work productivity. Seventy-five college students were randomly assigned to one of five incentivebase pay conditions: 0% (no incentives), l0%, 30%. 60% or 100%. Subjects participated in 15 forty-five minute sessions during which they assem: bled parts made from bolts, nuts and washers. Subjects received a base pay amount for assembling a minimum of 50 quality parts per session and a per piece incentive for parts over 50. If subjects assernbled 120 quality parts, the production maximum, the total amount they could earn in incentives equaled 0%, l0%, 30%, 60% or 100% of their base pay. Results indicated that the productivity of subjects in the l0%, 30%, 60% and 100% groups was significantly greater than that of subjects in the 0% incentive group; however, the productivity of subjects in the l0%, 30%, 60% and 100% incentive groups did not differ.
Understanding the mirai botnet (2017)

The Mirai botnet, composed primarily of embedded and IoT devices, took the Internet by storm in late 2016 when it overwhelmed several high-profile targets with massive distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. In this paper, we provide a seven-month retrospective analysis of Mirai's growth to a peak of 600k infections and a history of its DDoS victims. By combining a variety of measurement perspectives, we analyze how the botnet emerged, what classes of devices were affected, and how Mirai variants evolved and competed for vulnerable hosts. Our measurements serve as a lens into the fragile ecosystem of IoT devices. We argue that Mirai may represent a sea change in the evolutionary development of botnets--the simplicity through which devices were infected and its precipitous growth, demonstrate that novice malicious techniques can compromise enough low-end devices to threaten even some of the best-defended targets. To address this risk, we recommend technical and nontechnical interventions, as well as propose future research directions.
Flow structures and particle deposition patterns in double-bifurcation airway models. Part 1. Air flow fields (2001)

The understanding and quantitative assessment of air flow fields and local micron-particle wall concentrations in tracheobronchial airways are very important for estimating the health risks of inhaled particulate pollutants, developing algebraic transfer functions of global lung deposition models used in dose-response analyses, and/or determining proper drug-aerosol delivery to target sites in the lung. In this paper (Part 1) the theory, model geometries, and air flow results are provided. In a companion paper (Part 2, Comer et al . 2001), the history of particle deposition patterns and comparisons with measured data sets are reported. Decoupling of the naturally dilute particle suspension makes it feasible to present the results in two parts. Considering a Reynolds number range of 500 [les ] Re D [les ] 2000, it is assumed that the air flow is steady, incompressible and laminar and that the tubular double bifurcations, i.e. Weibel's generations G3–G5, are three-dimensional, rigid, and smooth with rounded as well as sharp carinal ridges for symmetric planar, and just rounded carinas for 90° non-planar configurations. The employed finite-volume code CFX (AEA Technology) and its user-enhanced FORTRAN programs were validated with experimental velocity data points for a single bifurcation. The resulting air flow structures are analysed for relatively low ( Re D = 500) and high ( Re D = 2000) Reynolds numbers. Sequential pressure drops due to viscous effects were calculated and compared, extending a method proposed by Pedley et al . (1977). Such detailed results for bifurcating lung airways are most useful in the development of global algebraic lung models.
Universal sensor interface chip (USIC): specification and applications outline (1996)

The universal sensor interface chip (USIC) represents a complete signal processing capability for data acquisition systems designed to support a wide range of sensor applications. Offers high performance with flexibility and requires only a small number of external components for many applications.
Human intestinal epithelial cells secrete interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and interleukin-8 but not interleukin-1 or interleukin-6 (2000)

IECs from normal mucosa express and secrete IL-1ra and low amounts of IL-8, but no IL-1 or IL-6. In inflamed mucosa the secretion of IL-1ra by IECs is slightly increased but may be not sufficient to antagonise the greatly increased production of proinflammatory cytokines by LPMNCs and the IECs themselves.
B7‐H3 contributes to the metastatic capacity of melanoma cells by modulation of known metastasis‐associated genes (2011)

Abstract B7‐H3, an immunoregulatory protein, is known to play a role in tumor progression. In many cancer types, observed correlations between high B7‐H3 expression and poor prognosis have been attributed to involvement in antitumor immunity. However, here we demonstrate a nonimmunological alternative function of B7‐H3 in cancer metastasis. Since advanced malignant melanoma is a disease with a poor survival rate and a broad pattern of metastasis, we used this disease as a model in our studies. We found that shRNA silencing of B7‐H3 reduced the in vitro migratory potential and matrigel invasiveness of MDA‐MB‐435 and FEMX‐I melanoma cells. In an experimental metastasis model in vivo , B7‐H3 silencing of MDA‐MB‐435 cells resulted in reduced metastatic capacity and significantly increased the median symptom‐free survival of nude mice (147 vs . 65 days, p < 0.001) and rats (53 vs . 42 days, p = 0.025) injected with MDA‐MB‐435 cells. Furthermore, a smaller fraction of mice had microscopically detectable metastases compared to control animals, and the pattern of metastases was slightly different between the two groups but with the brain as the predominant organ. Immunohistochemistry on samples from two melanoma patients showed strong B7‐H3 staining in both a primary tumor and metastases. Notably, the metastasis‐associated proteins, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), and the level of secreted interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) were reduced in the B7‐H3 knock‐down cell variants, whereas tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1 and‐2 levels were increased. Taken together, our findings indicate a novel role for B7‐H3 in the regulation of the metastatic capacity of melanoma cells and it might be a potential therapeutic target for anti‐metastasis therapy.
Batch process solar disinfection is an efficient means of disinfecting drinking water contaminated with Shigella dysenteriae type I (2004)

Recovery of injured Sh. dysenteriae type I may be improved by plating on medium supplemented with catalase or pyruvate. Sh. dysenteriae type I is very sensitive to batch process SODIS and is easily inactivated even during overcast conditions. Batch process SODIS is an appropriate intervention for use in developing countries during Sh. dysenteriae type I epidemics.
Studies on Ketene and its Derivatives. VI. Reaction of Diketene with Aminopyridines and their N-Oxides (1964)

Reaction of diketene with three of aminopyridine and their N-oxides was examined. 2-Aminopyridine (I) afforded its acetoacetate (II) and 2-methyl-4H-pyrido[1, 2-a]pyrimidin-4-one (III) as a by-product. N-oxide of I (V) afforded its acetoacetate (VI) and 2-[(6-acetoacetomido-2-pyridyl)methyl]-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (VII). 3-Amino isomers (VIII and XI) underwent their acetoacetates (VII and XVIII) respectively. Although 4-aminopyridine 1-oxide (XIV) did not react with diketene, 4-aminopyridine (XVI) afforded 1-(4-pyridyl-3-acetyl-6-methyl-2, 4-(1H, 3H)-pyridinedione (XVII).
Does routine antenatal enquiry lead to an increased rate of disclosure of domestic abuse? Findings from the Bristol Pregnancy and Domestic Violence Programme (2007)

Background. Domestic violence (DV) during pregnancy is especially serious, but can be a challenging and difficult subject for midwives to raise with women. The Bristol Pregnancy and Domestic Violence Programme was introduced in an NHS Trust in the south-west of England to equip community midwives with the knowledge and confidence to enquire effectively about DV in the antenatal period.\n\nAim. To evaluate the effect of routine antenatal enquiry about domestic abuse on disclosure outcomes.\nMethod. Semi-structured self-completion questionnaires, face-to-face interviews and focus groups were used to collect data from a group of community midwives. An audit was also conducted to assess changes in levels of DV reporting after the introduction of routine enquiry.\n\nResults. Eight instances of DV were identified in the 17-month period prior to the programme, and 25 cases of current DV were identified in the nine months following its introduction - an almost six-fold increase. The midwives viewed routine enquiry as important and believed that they have a key role to play. They also identified a lack of pre- and post-registration training and of previous experience in dealing with issues relating to DV.\n\nConclusions. This study supports previous evidence that routine enquiry may increase the number of disclosures of DV during pregnancy. It also implies that any programme of enquiry must include support, appropriate referral and follow-up mechanisms for women, and that midwives require pre- and post-registration education, training and support if they are to be confident and effective in routine antenatal enquiry.
Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass: A Literature and Technology Overview (2015)

The supercritical water gasification process is an alternative to both conventional gasification as well as anaerobic digestion as it does not require drying and the process takes place at much shorter residence times; a few minutes at most. The drastic changes in the thermo-physical properties of water from the liquid state to the supercritical state make it a promising technology for the efficient conversion of wet biomass into a product gas that after upgrading can be used as substitute natural gas. The earliest research goes back as far as the 1970s and since then, supercritical water has been the subject of many research works in the field of thermochemical conversion of wet biomass. This article reviews the state of the art of the supercritical water gasification technology starting from the thermophysical properties of water and the chemistry of reactions to the process challenges of such a biomass based supercritical water gasification process plant.
Review on issues in discussion of next generation converged networks (5G) from an IP point of view (2017)

This document presents considerations related to open issues with
upcoming new communication systems denoted as 5G aiming to set a basis
for documenting problem space, use-cases, and potential solutions
related to next-generation network infrastructure. The draft reviews
currently investigated topics, including both inputs from IETF and
from other SDOs as well as research activities. Further the outcome of
recent discussions at side sessions during IETF meetings are
recaptured to help identifying a starting point for future thoughts.
Genomic and Proteomic Expression Patterns in HPV-16 E6 Gene Transfected Stable Human Carcinoma Cell Lines (2004)

cDNA microarray and proteomics studies were performed to analyze the genomic and proteomic expression patterns in HPV-16 E6 gene transfected stable human carcinoma cell lines. Among 1024 known genes and ESTs tested by cDNA microarray, we found 50 upregulated and 35 downregulated genes in RC10.1 HPV-16 E6 transfected human colon adenocarcinoma cells compared to RKO cells, and 27 upregulated and 43 downregulated genes in A549E6 HPV-16 E6 transfected human lung adenocarcinoma cells compared to A549 cells. Employing two dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS, the global pattern of protein expressions in RC10.1 human colon adenocarcinoma and A549E6 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines stably expressing the HPV 16-E6 gene were compared with those of RKO and A549 cell lines to generate a differential protein expression catalog. We found 13 upregulated and 13 downregulated proteins in RC10.1 (E6-expressing RKO) cells compared to RKO cells and 12 upregulated and 14 downregulated proteins in A549E6 (E6-expressing A549) cells compared to A549 cells. The identified genes and proteins were classified into several groups according to the subcellular function. Expressing pattern of three genes and proteins (CDK5, Bak, and I-TRAF) were matched in both analyses of cDNA microarray and proteomics. These powerful approaches using cDNA microarray and proteomics could provide in-depth information on the impact of HPV-16 E6-related genes and proteins. Differential gene and protein expression patterns by transfection of HPV-16 E6 will provide the nucleus of valuable resource for investigation of the biochemical basis of cervical carcinogenesis. Further understanding of this data base may provide valuable resources for developing novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of cervical cancer.
Eliminate of the Nonlinearity in Heterodyne Interferometer (2008)

A new approach is found to eliminate the nonlinearity of heterodyne interferometer. It uses a simple phase compensation system by rotating a polarizer which is set up before the detector in the interferometer. This method can be used in most science researches and the industry precision nanometer measurement, and it is valid for all nonlinearity errors whether it is a first-order or a higher-order error, or caused by any reasons.
The identification of a naturally occurring cell surface growth inhibitor related to a previously described bovine sialoglycopeptide (1993)

A 66-kDa sialoglycoprotein has been identified as the parental membrane molecule of an earlier described sialoglycopeptide (SGP), an 18-kDa molecule released by protease treatment of intact bovine cerebral cortex cells that was shown to be a potent inhibitor of cellular proliferation. The 66-kDa parental sialoglycoprotein (p-SGP) was purified approximately 2,400-fold, to apparent homogeneity, from bovine cerebral cortex cell membranes by its release during incubation with 3 M NaCl, preparative isoelectric focusing and lectin affinity chromatography. Although a membrane-associated molecule, the p-SGP appeared to be tightly bound to the cell membrane, since it was not released during incubations in the absence of 3 M NaCl. Incubation of the membrane preparations with 3 M urea proved to be too harsh, and the antigenicity required to follow the purification of the p-SGP was abolished. Analyses by SDS-PAGE, under reducing and nonreducing conditions, suggested that the p-SGP membrane component was a single polypeptide without subunit structure. The p-SGP was shown to be structurally related to the SGP fragment by immunoblots with IgG raised to the SGP inhibitor, and functionally related to the SGP by its ability to inhibit Swiss 3T3 proliferation at concentrations strikingly similar to that previous measured with the SGP fragment.
Birefringent Beam Splitting for Holography (1967)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation H. J. Caulfield, W. J. Beyen; Birefringent Beam Splitting for Holography. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 July 1967; 38 (7): 977–978. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1720945 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Steady-state solution methods for open quantum optical systems (2015)

We discuss the numerical solution methods available when solving for the steady-state density matrix of a time-independent open quantum optical system, where the system operators are expressed in a suitable basis representation as sparse matrices. In particular, we focus on the difficulties posed by the non-Hermitian structure of the Lindblad super operator, and the numerical techniques designed to mitigate these pitfalls. In addition, we introduce a doubly iterative inverse-power method that can give reduced memory and runtime requirements in situations where other iterative methods are limited due to poor bandwidth and profile reduction. The relevant methods are demonstrated on several prototypical quantum optical systems where it is found that iterative methods based on iLU factorization using reverse Cuthill-Mckee ordering tend to outperform other solution techniques in terms of both memory consumption and runtime as the size of the underlying Hilbert space increases. For eigenvalue solving, Krylov iterations using the stabilized bi-conjugate gradient method outperform generalized minimal residual methods. In contrast, minimal residual methods work best for solvers based on direct LU decomposition. This work serves as a guide for solving the steady-state density matrix of an arbitrary quantum optical system, and points to several avenues of future research that will extend the applicability of these classical algorithms in absence of a quantum computer.
The efficiencies of various embryo rescue methods in interspecific crosses of Lilium (2002)

The purpose of this research was to compare the efficiencies of various embryo rescue methods in inter- specific hybridization of lily. This research included ten combinations of crosses with six crossing types ( Lilium longiflorum X Asiatic hybrid, LA; Oriental hybrid X Asiatic hybrid, OA; Oriental hybrid X Lilium longiflorum, OL; Lilium longiflorum X Oriental hybrid, LO; Asiatic hybrid X Oriental hybrid, AO; and Asiatic hybrid X Lilium longiflorum, AL). Four culture methods—ovary slice culture (OSC), ovule with placenta culture (OPC), young single ovule culture (YOC), and embryo (sac) rescue method (ESR)—were used to culture the fertilized ovules after cut style pollination on plants. The OSC method could be used to obtain hybrid plants in each of the crossing types (0.1-2% success), except for in the OA, AO, and AL crossings. With the OPC method, ovule germinated (0.2-0.8% success) only when Lilium longiflorum Gerlia was used as the maternal parent. OSC and OPC required more complicated manipulations. When using the YOC method, ovules were harvested 10 days after the interspecific crosses, and embryo could be germinated from various genotype combinations (0.1-1.1% success). The number of days after pollination (DAP) required for ovule germination in this method (60-125 DAP) was fewer than in the OSC (73-155 DAP) and OPC (57-152 DAP) methods. More plantlets were obtained by the ESR method. The value of the ESR method is that, in the OA crossing, the embryo could only be germinated (0.2-0.3% success) after about 2-3 months of cut style pollination. Apomixes were found in the ovules in some of the cases in this crossing type. No plantlets were obtained in the AL or AO crossings with any of the culture methods tested. Based on the data obtained here, the ESR appears to be the most effective method for obtaining hybrid plants in interspecific hybridization of lily.
Maximizing the Transmission Performance of Adaptively Modulated Optical OFDM Signals in Multimode-Fiber Links by Optimizing Analog-to-Digital Converters (2007)

Based on a comprehensive theoretical model of a recently proposed novel technique known as adaptively modulated optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (AMOOFDM), investigations are undertaken into the impact of an analog-to-digital converter involved in the AMOOFDM modem on the transmission performance of AMOOFDM signals in unamplified intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IMDD) multimode-fiber (MMF)-based links. It is found that signal quantization and clipping effects are significant in determining the maximum achievable transmission performance of the AMOOFDM modem. A minimum quantization bit value of ten and optimum clipping ratio of 13 dB are identified, based on which, the transmission performance is maximized. It is shown that 40-Gb/s-over-220-m and 32-Gb/s-over-300-m IMDD-AMOOFDM signal transmission at 1550 nm with loss margins of about 15 dB is feasible in the installed worst case 62.5-mum MMF links having 3-dB effective bandwidths as small as 150 MHz middot km. Meanwhile, excellent performance, robustness to fiber types, and variation in launch conditions and signal bit rates is observed. In addition, discussions are presented of the potential of 100-Gb/s AMOOFDM signal transmission over installed MMF links