gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Chaotic Iteration to Constraint Propagation (1997)

We show how the constraint propagation process can be naturally explained by means of chaotic iteration. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: 68Q60, 68N05 1991 Computing Reviews Classification System: F.3.1, I.2.2 Keywords and Phrases: chaotic iterations, constraint propagation algorithms. Note: This paper will appear as an invited lecture in Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP &apos;97). Work carried out under project PNA1.2, CIP. 1. Introduction 1.1 Motivation Over the last ten years constraint programming emerged as an interesting and viable approach to programming. In this approach the programming process is limited to a generation of requirements (&quot;constraints&quot;) and a solution of these requirements by means of general and domain specific methods. The techniques useful for finding solutions to sets of constraints were studied for some twenty years in the field of Constraint Satisfaction. One of the most important of t...
Dual-isotope lymphoscintigraphy using albumin nanocolloid differentially labeled with<sup>111</sup>In and<sup>99m</sup>Tc (2006)

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate 111In- and 99mTc-labeled derivatives of albumin nanocolloid (NC) for dual-label lymphoscintigraphy to allow simultaneous comparison of lymphatic flow from different tissue planes draining a tumour bed for accurate identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN). Using the chelator, p-isothiocyanatobenzyl-1,4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), 111In-DOTA-NC and 99mTc-DOTA-NC were compared in vitro with respect to stability of labeling, colloidal status and particle size, then in vivo by measuring their clearance rates from a subcutaneous injection depot. 111In-DOTA-NC and 99mTc-DOTA-NC were indistinguishable on the basis of in vitro criteria. Their in vivo clearance rates, however, were disparate (0.0015 to 0.075 min(-1) for 111In and 0.0072 to 0.067 min(-1) for 99mTc), 111In being faster in three studies and markedly slower in three. This demonstrates that even when dual-labeled radiotracers behave identically in vitro, they will not necessarily do so in vivo. Further work is needed to develop dual-labeled NC.
Multi-scale convolutional neural networks for crowd counting (2017)

Crowd counting on static images is a challenging problem due to scale variations. Recently deep neural networks have been shown to be effective in this task. However, existing neural-networks-based methods often use the multi-column or multi-network model to extract the scale-relevant features, which is more complicated for optimization and computation wasting. To this end, we propose a novel multi-scale convolutional neural network (MSCNN) for single image crowd counting. Based on the multi-scale blobs, the network is able to generate scale-relevant features for higher crowd counting performances in a single-column architecture, which is both accuracy and cost effective for practical applications. Complemental results show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on both accuracy and robustness with far less number of parameters.
A multi-paradigm modeling approach for hybrid dynamic systems (2005)

In the past years, modeling and simulation of hybrid dynamic systems (HDS) have attracted much attention. However, since simultaneously dealing with the discrete and continuous variables is very difficult, most of the models result in a unified, but more complicated and unnatural format. Moreover, design engineers cannot be allowed to use their preferred domain models. Based on the multi-paradigm modeling (MPaM) concept, this paper proposed a Petri net (PN) framework with associated state equations to model the HDS. In the presented approach, modeling schemes of the hybrid systems are separated, but combined in a hierarchical way through specified interfaces. Designers can still work in their familiar domain-specific modeling paradigms and the heterogeneity is hidden when composing large systems. An application to a rapid thermal process (RTP) in semiconductor manufacturing is provided to demonstrate the practicability of the developed approach.
Representations of Peace (2013)

Representations of Peace: The effects of museums on the peace process in Northern Ireland. In 2010, the Northern Irish government confirmed long debated plans to turn the Maze, site of the infamous IRA Hunger Strikes of 1981, into “an International Conflict Transformation Centre.” The goal of this museum, and of others similar to it, will be to educate future generations about the torrid conflict in Northern Ireland, and through this education, stop the continuation of violence. This presentation seeks to understand how the peace process in Northern Ireland is represented in international, Northern Irish and British museums, and further, how these representations affect the sustainability of the peace process. I argue that museums can meet the eight goals of reconciliation as set forth by David Crocker, and that by meeting these goals, museums can aid to the sustainability of the peace process. Close examination of representations, ‘repress-entations’, and other political and cultural factors will demonstrate how a peace museum can construct more inclusive notions of citizenship and help build peace after conflict.
Ontogenesis and localization of Ca2+ channels in mammalian skeletal muscle in culture and role in excitation-contraction coupling. (1989)

The mechanism of excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling in skeletal muscle is not yet well established. Cultured mouse skeletal muscle cells have been used to study the relationships between triad formation, Ca2+ channel activities, and contractions. The ontogenesis of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and their localization in relation to the ability of muscle to contract and the ultrastructural organization of sarcomeres and triads have been investigated by using an electrophysiological approach together with an electron microscope study. At an early stage of development, both fast (Ifast) and slow (Islow) types of Ca2+ channels are found at the surface membrane. At later stages of development, fast Ca2+ channels remain at the surface membrane, while slow Ca2+ channels migrate to the transverse-tubule membrane. The voltage dependence of fast Ca2+ channels compared to the voltage dependence of contraction clearly shows that these Ca2+ channels have no direct role in E-C coupling. Detubulation at all stages of development has confirmed that T tubules contain essential elements for E-C coupling. However, this work also shows that Ca2+ flowing through slow Ca2+ channels situated in the T-tubular system is not important for contraction. Myotubes lacking slow Ca2+ channels or having no slow Ca2+ channel transport activity (jumps to high membrane potentials, no external Ca2+, block of Islow by Co2+) still retain contraction.
A Binaural Synthesis with Multiple Sound Sources Based on Spatial Features of Head-related Transfer Functions (2006)

A low-complexity binaural synthesis technique is proposed for real-time immersive rendering of large number of sound sources. A multiple-input single-output system of the spatial features, extracted from Head-related Transfer Function (HRTF) dataset, is constructed to render the sound sources. Sound sources are rendered using low-order approximation of this system. This technique is suitable for rendering large number of sound sources in the virtual auditory space with significantly lower computational complexity compared to the binaural synthesis techniques proposed earlier. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated using perceptual objective measure along with subjective tests.
PEAK MYCOPHENOLIC ACID CONCENTRATION AT 30 MINUTES CORRELATES BETTER THAN TROUGH LEVEL AND AUC (0-12H) WITH SIDE EFFECTS IN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS. (2000)

Mourad, Michel1; Malaise, Jacques1; Chaib-Edbour, Djamila1; Koenig, Josianne De2; Scheppers, Raf2; Squifflet, Jean-Paul1; Wallemacq, Pierre2 Author Information
Effects of metal ion on the water structure studied by the Raman OH stretching spectrum (2009)

Abstract Raman spectra in the OH stretching region of aqueous salt solutions were measured and compared, and the effects of metal ions on water structure deduced. The effects of alkali ions, alkaline ions or the first‐row transition metals on water structure were found to be similar. Differences of metal ionic effects on water structure exist among Na + , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ , and between Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ and Al 3+ and Fe 3+ . The factors that influence the metal ionic effects on the water structure are the ionic charge, the outmost electronic structure and ionic size, the ionic charge being the most important. With a five‐component Gaussian deconvolution of the Raman spectra of the aqueous solutions of NaCl, MgCl 2 , AlCl 3 and FeCl 3 with concentrations of 0 to ∼1mol/l, the ionic effects were found to be similar on the bands at 3233, 3393, 3511 and 3628 cm −1 , but different on the band at 3051 cm −1 . With increasing polarization of the metal ion, the band at 3051 cm −1 , due to strong hydrogen bonding, increases. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methotrexate transport in variant human CCRF-CEM leukemia cells with elevated levels of the reduced folate carrier. Selective effect on carrier-mediated transport of physiological concentrations of reduced folates. (1990)

This study reports the isolation and characterization of a variant of the human CCRF-CEM leukemia cell line that overproduces the carrier protein responsible for the uptake of reduced folates and the folate analogue methotrexate. The variant was obtained by adapting CCRF-CEM cells for prolonged times to stepwise decreasing concentrations of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate as the sole folate source in the cell culture medium. From cells that were grown on less than 1 nM 5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate, a variant (CEM-7A) was isolated exhibiting a 95-fold increased Vmax for [3H]methotrexate influx compared to parental CCRF-CEM cells. The values for influx Km, efflux t0.5, and Ki for inhibition by other folate (analogue) compounds were unchanged. Affinity labeling of the carrier with an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of [3H]methotrexate demonstrate an approximately 30-fold increased incorporation of [3H] methotrexate in CEM-7A cells. This suggests that the up-regulation of [3H]methotrexate influx is not only due to an increased amount of carrier protein, but also to an increased rate of carrier translocation or an improved cooperativity between carrier protein molecules. Incubation for 1 h at 37 degrees C of CEM-7A cells with a concentration of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in the physiological range (25 nM) resulted in a 7-fold decline in [3H]methotrexate influx. This down-regulation during incubations with 5-formyltetrahydrofolate or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate could be prevented by either the addition of 10-25 nM of the lipophilic antifolate trimetrexate or by preincubating CEM-7A cells with 25 nM methotrexate. The down-regulatory effect was specifically induced by reduced folates since incubation of CEM-7A cells with 25 nM of either methotrexate, 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin, aminopterin, or folic acid, or a mixture of purines and thymidine, had no effect on [3H]methotrexate influx. Similarly, these down-regulatory effects on [3H]methotrexate transport by 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, and its reversal by trimetrexate or methotrexate, were also observed, though to a lower extent, for parental CCRF-CEM cells grown in folate-depleted medium rather than in standard medium containing high folate concentrations. These results indicate that mediation of reduced folate/methotrexate transport can occur at reduced folate concentrations in the physiological range, and suggest that the intracellular folate content may be a critical determinant in the regulation of methotrexate transport.
A novel D235Y mutation in the GP1BA gene enhances platelet interaction with von Willebrand factor in an Iranian family with platelet-type von Willebrand disease (2012)

Platelet-type von Willebrand disease (PT-VWD) is a rare bleeding disorder with an intrinsic defect in platelets rather than von Willebrand factor (VWF), but has clinical and laboratory features similar to the more common type 2B VWD. The intriguing nature of the pathophysiology and molecular genetics of PT-VWD has created lengthy debate in literature regarding its discrimination from type 2B VWD, and essentially confirming DNA analysis as the gold standard in diagnosis and revealing pathologic mutations. In this report we identify a novel Asp235Tyrmutation in the GP1BA gene of two Iranian patients showing the PT-VWD phenotype who were originally misdiagnosed as type 2B VWD. By structural modelling of the mutant by introducing Tyr235 into the available crystal structure of the glycoprotein (GP)Ibα N-terminal domain, we observed the mutant Tyr235 generates a hydrophobic tip to the extended β-switch loop of GPIbα. Further modelling of the resulting complex with VWFA1 indicates this could result in an enhanced interface compared to wild-type Asp235. This data provides an update to the present knowledge about this rare disorder, and confirms the necessity of genetic testing for accurate diagnosis, and the importance of studying natural mutations to better understand molecular aspects of GPIbα-VWFA1 interaction.
Immobilisation and incorporation of photochromic spiropyran dyes in polymeric substrates for metal ion sensing and micro-fluidics (2009)

MC + Cu (II) 7.1 x 10-4 The microbeads can be switched using low power light sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) form a colourless and binding-inactive spiro form (SP) by irradiation with a white LED (430-760 nm) to a purple, ion-binding active merocyanine form (MC) by exposure to a UV LED (375 nm). When in the merocyanine active state, in the presence of transition metal ions such as Cu2+ and Zn2+, the microbeads undergoes a further spectral and colour changes that varies according the metal. Subsequent irradiation with white LED caused reformation of the spiro form and release of the metal ion. Alkaline earth metal such as Ca2+ doesn’t cause any appreciable spectral of colour change.This processes have been cycled and repeated several times.
Via and embedded resistor production in low cost lithographically printed substrates (2003)

Lithographic printing of silver based conductive inks to form circuit tracking provides a very low cost, environmentally friendly method of production. It allows circuits with line widths down to 100 /spl mu/m and a sheet resistance of 0.3 /spl Omega/ per square to be produced at rates of up to 10000 impressions per hour. The process makes use of low capital cost equipment and has low set up costs. To date, an equally cost effective method of manufacturing vias in these circuits has not been developed. This paper proposes two new techniques for via production which are compatible with the rest of the manufacturing process. In the first technique, suitably profiled holes are laser drilled for subsequent filling as part of the lithographic printing. In the second technique laser energy is used to melt the substrate material so that it is able to mix with the conductive ink and so form a conductive path. The paper describes the proposed production techniques and discusses the factors affecting each method and in particular the substrate properties affecting production. The substrate materials considered in detail are Glossart and Teslin. The optical absorption and ablation characteristics of these materials for excimer and CO/sub 2/ lasers are reported, as are the thermal diffusivities.
A GHz CMOS frequency synthesizer for mobile communication (1997)

grantor: University of Toronto
Endobronchial drug delivery: Expanding techniques and possibilities in interventional pulmonology (2017)

See related Article
Ink-paper interaction : a study in ink-jet color reproduction (2003)

An ink jet printing system consists of three fundamental parts: inks, printing engine, and substrates. Inks are materials creating color by selectively absorbing and scattering the visible illumina ...
Phosphorylation of Chemoattractant Receptors Is Not Essential for Chemotaxis or Termination of G-protein-mediated Responses (1997)

In several G-protein-coupled signaling systems, ligand-induced receptor phosphorylation by specific kinases is suggested to lead to desensitization via mechanisms including receptor/G-protein uncoupling, receptor internalization, and receptor down-regulation. We report here that elimination of phosphorylation of a chemoattractant receptor of Dictyostelium, either by site-directed substitution of the serines or by truncation of the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain, completely prevented agonist-induced loss of ligand binding but did not impair the adaptation of several receptor-mediated responses including the activation of adenylyl and guanylyl cyclases and actin polymerization. In addition, the phosphorylation-deficient receptors were capable of mediating chemotaxis, aggregation, and differentiation. We propose that for chemoattractant receptors agonist-induced phosphorylation regulates surface binding activity but other phosphorylation-independent mechanisms mediate response adaptation.
Clade-Specific 16S Ribosomal DNA Oligonucleotides Reveal the Predominance of a Single Marine <i>Synechococcus</i> Clade throughout a Stratified Water Column in the Red Sea (2003)

ABSTRACT Phylogenetic relationships among members of the marine Synechococcus genus were determined following sequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from 31 novel cultured isolates from the Red Sea and several other oceanic environments. This revealed a large genetic diversity within the marine Synechococcus cluster consistent with earlier work but also identified three novel clades not previously recognized. Phylogenetic analyses showed one clade, containing halotolerant isolates lacking phycoerythrin (PE) and including strains capable, or not, of utilizing nitrate as the sole N source, which clustered within the MC-A ( Synechococcus subcluster 5.1) lineage. Two copies of the 16S rRNA gene are present in marine Synechococcus genomes, and cloning and sequencing of these copies from Synechococcus sp. strain WH 7803 and genomic information from Synechococcus sp. strain WH 8102 reveal these to be identical. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence information, clade-specific oligonucleotides for the marine Synechococcus genus were designed and their specificity was optimized. Using dot blot hybridization technology, these probes were used to determine the in situ community structure of marine Synechococcus populations in the Red Sea at the time of a Synechococcus maximum during April 1999. A predominance of genotypes representative of a single clade was found, and these genotypes were common among strains isolated into culture. Conversely, strains lacking PE, which were also relatively easily isolated into culture, represented only a minor component of the Synechococcus population. Genotypes corresponding to well-studied laboratory strains also appeared to be poorly represented in this stratified water column in the Red Sea.
The Effect of MgO Addition on Mullite Substrate (1987)

The effects of MgO addition on thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant of mullite substrate were studied. Thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant decrease with increasing MgO content and exhibit a minimum value at 1wt% MgO. However, above 5wt% MgO content both values increase. Results of X-ray diffraction analysis show that mullite compositions which include more than 0.5wt% MgO form cordierite. Spinel is also formed as well as cordierite in the compositions containing more than 5wt% MgO. These results indicate that addition of MgO affects the thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant of mullite substrates because of the formation of new phases; cordierite and spinel. The thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant are affected mainly by cordierite and spinel in the regions containing less than and more than 5wt% MgO, respectively.
Sensitivity to the non‐COX inhibiting celecoxib derivative, OSU03012, is p21<sup>WAF1/CIP1</sup> dependent (2008)

OSU03012 is a non-COX inhibiting celecoxib derivative with growth inhibiting and apoptotic activity in many cancer cell lines. To investigate mechanisms related to cell cycle proteins in growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by OSU03012, the primary human oral epithelial cell line, TE1177, was transformed with HPV16 E6 (TE/E6), HPV16 E7 (TE/E7) or empty vector (TE/V). TE/E6 cell lines exhibiting low levels of p53 and undetectable levels of p21(WAF1/CIP1) were sensitized to the growth inhibiting and apoptotic effects of OSU03012. The TE/E7 cell lines expressing low levels of Rb and elevated levels of p53 and p21(WAF1/CIP1) were resistant. OSU03012 reduced the number of cells in the S phase of the TE/E7 and TE/V cell lines with intact p53-p21(WAF1/CIP1) checkpoint, but not in the checkpoint defective TE/E6 cell lines. Treatment with OSU03012 also markedly reduced the levels of cyclin A and Cdk2 in TE/E7 and TE/V, but not in TE/E6 cell lines, which had significantly enhanced basal levels of cyclin A and Cdk2. Consistent with the TE/E6 cell line, p21(WAF1/CIP1)-/- mouse embryo fibroblasts were more sensitive to OSU03012-induced apoptosis as evidenced by PARP and caspase 3 cleavages. These data suggest that p21(WAF1/CIP1) is an important factor in the sensitivity of cells to the growth inhibiting and apoptotic effects of OSU03012.
A feasibility study evaluating rhBMP-2/absorbable collagen sponge for maxillary sinus floor augmentation. (1997)

This 16-week open-label study assessed the safety and technical feasibility of implanting human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 delivered on an absorbable collagen sponge (rhBMP-2/ACS) for two-stage maxillary floor sinus augmentation. This first use of rhBMP-2/ACS in human clinical maxillary sinus floor augmentation included 12 patients with inadequate bone height in the posterior maxilla. The total delivered dose of rhBMP-2 implanted varied from 1.77 to 3.40 mg per patient. The rhBMP-2/ACS device was easily handled. Significant bone growth was documented by computerized tomographic scans in all evaluable patients (11/12). The overall mean height response for the maxillary sinus floor augmentation was 8.51 mm (95% confidence interval 6.07 to 10.95). There were no serious or unexpected immunologic or adverse effects and no clinically significant changes in complete blood counts, blood chemistries, or urinalysis results. The most frequent adverse effects were facial edema, oral erythema, pain, and rhinitis. Eleven patients have received dental implants and follow-up examinations are still being conducted. Histologic examinations of core bone biopsies obtained at the time of dental implant placement confirmed the quality of the bone induced by rhBMP-2/ACS. These results tend to indicate that rhBMP-2/ACS may provide an acceptable alternative to traditional bone grafts and bone substitutes for maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedures in humans.