gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Cathode Materials Fe-Doped NiS<sub>2</sub> by Mechanical Alloying for Li/NiS<sub>2</sub> Cells (2011)

In order to synthesize the fine compound iron-doped nickel disulfide (NiS 2 ) with environmentally friendly nickel, sulfur and iron powders, mechanical alloying (MA) was conducted for 8 hrs with SPEX Mill at a speed of 1000 rpm. In this process, stearic acid was added as a kind of process control agents (PCAs) to prevent the excessive cold welding. Meanwhile, for the purpose of getting nanocrystalline of Fe-doped NiS 2 powder particles to improve the contact areas between the active materials, the wet milling process was also done for 30 hrs with normal hexane (C 6 H 14 ) as a solvent PCA. The prepared powders were characterized by FE-SEM, XRD, EPMA, EDS and TEM. Finally, the charge/discharge properties of Li/Fe-doped NiS 2 cells were investigated at room temperature by employing 1 M LiCF 3 SO 3 (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate) dissolved in TEGDME (tetraethylene glycol dimethylether) as the electrolyte. The initial discharge capacity of Li/Fe-doped NiS 2 cell using wet milled powders as the cathode material is 792 mAh/g, which may indicate its high energy density and good future as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
Transient Electric Current in<i>p</i>-Methoxybenzylidene-<i>p</i>-<i>n</i>-Butylaniline (1977)

A peak current was observed in the transient electric current in an n-type nematic liquid crystal, p-methoxybenzylidene-p-n-butylaniline (MBBA) by the application of a rectangular pulse voltage. It was conjectured that the peak current was obtained due to the carrier transit from one electrode to the other. Experiments on the dependences of the applied voltage and sample thick ness on the transient current were carried out. The carrier mobility was calculated ca. 1.6×10-5 cm2/V·sec at 30°C from these experiments. The activation energy was derived as ca. 0.20 eV from the temperature dependence of the current. Modified Walden's rule seems applicable to the transient electric current in MBBA.
Hormonal dependency of cerebral meningiomas (1990)

Cell culture and biochemical techniques have been employed to examine the effects of steroids, bromocriptine, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the growth and proliferative potential of meningiomas. In cell culture, the growth of meningiomas was not altered by progestogens, antiprogestogens, or 17beta-estradiol. The progestogen, norethisterone, had no effect on the uptake by meningiomas cell cultures of 3H-thymidine. Furthermore, cytosolic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase activity of meningiomas did not correlate with the progesterone receptor status of the same tumors. In contrast, the androgen antagonists, cyproterone acetate and 11-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, and the dopamine agonist, bromocriptine, all inhibited the in vitro growth of meningioma cells. The growth of meningioma cell cultures was stimulated by EGF, and there was a positive correlation between the EGF content and DNA polymerase activity in meningioma cytosols. These results demonstrate that female sex steroids do not influence growth of meningiomas in vitro, whereas antiandrogens and bromocriptine have an antiproliferative effect. Consequently, bromocriptine and antiandrogens may have a role in the medical treatment of meningiomas. In addition, these results suggest that EGF may be involved in the genesis and/or progression of meningiomas.
Implementing decision trees in hardware (2011)

In this paper several hardware implementations of decision trees (axis-parallel, oblique and non-linear) based on the concept of universal node and sequence of universal nodes are presented. Proposed hardware architectures are suitable for the implementation in both Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). Proposed architectures can be easily customized in order to fit a wide variety of application requirements, fulfilling their role as general purpose building blocks for System on Chip designs. Experimental results obtained on 23 datasets of standard University of California Irvine (UCI) Machine Learning Repository database suggest that the proposed architecture based on the sequence of universal nodes requires on average 56% less hardware resources compared with the previously proposed architectures, having the same throughput.
The helical switch: a multipath ATM switch which preserves cell sequence (1994)

The paper presents a new cell switching architecture for ATM-based networks. The proposed helical switch is a multistage interconnection network which implements the self-routing technique with efficient buffer sharing. Although the switch may route cells along multiple paths, the connection-oriented mode required by the ATM-based network is supported. Cell sequence integrity is guaranteed by introducing a virtual helix which forces cells routed along different paths to proceed in order and fill the internal buffers uniformly. The performance of the helical switch is investigated under uniform and nonuniform traffic patterns. Unlike single-path multistage networks such as buffered banyan networks which can degrade significantly under nonuniform traffic, the helical switch is shown to be quite robust with respect to nonuniform traffic conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Functionalization of Hyaluronic Acid with Chemoselective Groups via a Disulfide-Based Protection Strategy for In Situ Formation of Mechanically Stable Hydrogels (2010)

Functionalization of hyaluronic acid (HA) with chemoselective groups enables in situ (in vivo) formation of HA-based materials in minimally invasive injectable manner. Current methods of HA modification with such groups primarily rely on the use of a large excess of a reagent to introduce a unique reactive handle into HA and, therefore, are difficult to control. We have developed the new protective group strategy based on initial mild cleavage of a disulfide bond followed by elimination of the generated 2-thioethoxycarbonyl moiety ultimately affording free amine-type functionality, such as hydrazide, aminooxy, and carbazate. Specifically, new modifying homobifunctional reagents have been synthesized that contain a new divalent disulfide-based protecting group. Amidation of HA with these reagents gives rise to either one-end coupling product or to intra/intermolecular cross-linking of the HA chains. However, after subsequent treatment of the amidation reaction mixture with dithiothreitol (DTT), these cross-linkages are cleaved, ultimately exposing free amine-type groups. The same methodology was applied to graft serine residues to the HA backbone, which were subsequently oxidized into aldehyde groups. The strategy therefore encompasses a new approach for mild and highly controlled functionalization of HA with both nucleophilic and electrophilic chemoselective functionalities with the emphasis for the subsequent conjugation and in situ cross-linking. A series of new hydrogel materials were prepared by mixing the new HA-aldehyde derivative with different HA-nucleophile counterparts. Rheological properties of the formed hydrogels were determined and related to the structural characteristics of the gel networks. Human dermal fibroblasts remained viable while cultured with the hydrogels for 3 days, with no sign of cytotoxicity, suggesting that the gels described in this study are candidates for use as growth factors delivery vehicles for tissue engineering applications.
Mapping and Consensus Sequence Identification for Multiple Vinculin Binding Sites within the Talin Rod (2005)

The interaction between the cytoskeletal proteins talin and vinculin plays a key role in integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration. Three vinculin binding sites (VBS1-3) have previously been identified in the talin rod using a yeast two-hybrid assay. To extend these studies, we spot-synthesized a series of peptides spanning all the alpha-helical regions predicted for the talin rod and identified eight additional VBSs, two of which overlap key functional regions of the rod, including the integrin binding site and C-terminal actin binding site. The talin VBS alpha-helices bind to a hydrophobic cleft in the N-terminal vinculin Vd1 domain. We have defined the specificity of this interaction by spot-synthesizing a series of 25-mer talin VBS1 peptides containing substitutions with all the commonly occurring amino acids. The consensus for recognition is LXXAAXXVAXX- VXXLIXXA with distinct classes of hydrophobic side chains at positions 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 15, and 16 required for vinculin binding. Positions 1, 8, 12, 15, and 16 require an aliphatic residue and will not tolerate alanine, whereas positions 4, 5, and 9 are less restrictive. These preferences are common to all 11 VBS sequences with a minor variation occurring in one case. A crystal structure of this variant VBS peptide in complex with the vinculin Vd1 domain reveals a subtly different mode of vinculin binding.
YddG from<i>Escherichia coli</i>promotes export of aromatic amino acids (2007)

The inner membrane protein YddG of Escherichia coli is a homologue of the known amino acid exporters RhtA and YdeD. It was found that the yddG gene overexpression conferred resistance upon E. coli cells to the inhibiting concentrations of l-phenylalanine and aromatic amino acid analogues, dl-p-fluorophenylalanine, dl-o-fluorophenylalanine and dl-5-fluorotryptophan. In addition, yddG overexpression enhanced the production of l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine or l-tryptophan by the respective E. coli-producing strains. On the other hand, the inactivation of yddG decreased the aromatic amino acid accumulation by these strains. The cells of the E. colil-phenylalanine-producing strain containing overexpressed yddG accumulated less l-phenylalanine inside and exported the amino acid at a higher rate than the cells of the isogenic strain containing wild-type yddG. Taken together, these results indicate that YddG functions as an aromatic amino acid exporter.
Data-driven computer graphics (2004)

Summary form only given. The field of computer graphics abounds with modeling and simulation problems. Among these are the representation of surface shape, the description of surface reflectance, the probabilistic modeling of small-scale variations, and the application of physics for simulating the dynamics of rigid and elastic materials. During its formative years, computer graphics has focused largely on developing algorithms and systems for performing efficient simulations that transform these analytic representations into images and animations. At present, the simulation framework for computer graphics is very mature. In last ten years, we have also witnessed significant technological developments in the areas of high-quality sensors and measurement devices. However, the data provided from these devices are frequently incompatible with the representations assumed by most computer graphics systems. The author explores new approaches to computer graphics that attempt to bridge the dichotomy between parametric and empirical modeling.
Cross-Linkable Hole-Transport Materials Improve the Device Performance of Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes (2016)

Hybrid organic/inorganic perovskites are promising candidate materials for use in photovoltaic applications. More recently, they have also become highly attractive as active materials for other optoelectronic devices, including lasers, light-emitting diodes, and photodetectors. Nevertheless, difficulties in forming continuous and uniform films and the existence of a charge-injection barrier between the perovskite layer and the electrodes have hindered the development of high-performance perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). In this study, a cross-linked hole-transport layer (HTL) is introduced to improve the hole-injection efficiency of PeLEDs. Furthermore, this layer simultaneously facilitates the formation of smooth perovskite layers, presumably because of the different surface energies. More interestingly, the HTL also exhibits strong solvent effects on the device performance. When the processing solvent for fabricating the HTLs is changed from chlorobenzene to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), the perovskite layer becomes more uniform and continuous, leading to better surface coverage and higher device efficiency, presumably because DMF has strong affinity toward the perovskite precursors. The approach presented herein could become a general method for decreasing the hole-injection barrier of PeLEDs and, eventually, lead to higher device performance.
Application of olefin metathesis reaction towards the synthesis of oligosaccharide mimics: A novel strategy in chemical glycobiology (2003)

Glycobiology has gained a lot of interest in the scientific community in the past few years. It is now well established that the oligosaccharides on cell surfaces are involved in key recognition processes. However, the determination of oligosaccharide sequence on a specific glycoconjugate and their chemical synthesis are still far from routine. Herein, we report a new strategy in chemical glycobiology making use of olefin metathesis reaction as a powerful chemical tool towards the synthesis of oligosaccharide mimics. This strategy allows the synthesis of multivalent molecules that could help to understand and control events mediated by oligosaccharides. A glycomimetic approach to the branched trimannoside 3,6-di-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside will also be described. The synthesis of carbohydrate homodimers was accomplished by self metathesis of O- and C-alkenyl glycosides using 10 mol% of Grubbs' catalyst bis (tricyclohexylphosphine) benzylidene ruthenium (IV) dichloride, [(PCy3)2RuCl2 = CHPh]. The reaction is high yielding, compatible with different protecting groups and the length of the linker can be easily changed. A mixture of stereoisomers was obtained in which the E isomer was major. Once deprotected, these homodimers can be viewed as chemical inducers of dimerization therefore the hypothesis that they can induce signal transduction was suggested. Extension of O- and C-alkenyl glycosides was also achieved by cross-metathesis reaction using Grubbs' catalyst. Extended alkenyl glycosides with reactive functional groups were obtained in high yield and good stereoselectivity. The utilization of 2--4 equiv. of alkenes and 20 mol % of catalyst were sufficient to favor the formation of the cross-metathesis products. A novel C-linked (1-6)-pseudodisaccharide could be synthesized using this procedure. A sequence of olefin metathesis and Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reactions were used to create a novel class of glycoclusters having varied structural and stereochemical environments. Well-defined tri- and tetra-valent mannoside-based glycoclusters were thus prepared. Another application of olefin metathesis reaction was found in the synthesis of a trimannoside ligand toward human Mannose-binding protein which plays an important role in the innate immunity. To further understand its role, the design of high affinity ligands was attempted. Preliminary biological results showed improved inhibitory potentials. Finally, two generation of glycomimetics of 3,6-di-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside, the natural ligand recognized by legume lectin, concanavalin A were synthesized. Thus, highly substituted C-aryl mannoside, as well as O, N, C-linked 1,2,3-triazole mannosides were prepared.
Molecular Development of Corticospinal Motor Neuron Circuitry (2008)

The organization, function and evolution of the brain depends centrally on the precise development of a wide diversity of distinct neuronal subtypes. Furthermore, given the heterogeneity of neuronal subtypes within the CNS and the complexity of their connections, attempts to functionally repair circuitry will require a detailed understanding of the molecular controls over differentiation, connectivity and survival of specific lineages. Toward these goals, we recently identified developmentally regulated transcriptional programmes for specific lineages of long-distance neocortical projection neurons as they develop in vivo (in particular, for corticospinal motor neurons; CSMN). We purified CSMN, a clinically important population of neocortical projection neurons, at distinct stages of development in vivo, and compared their gene expression to that of two other pure populations of neocortical projection neurons. We identified novel and largely uncharacterized genes that are instructive for CSMN development and implicated in key developmental processes. These include Fezf2 (also known as Fezl), a regulator of subcerebral projection neuron identity, and Ctip2 (also known as Bcl11b), a regulator of the fasciculation, outgrowth and pathfinding of CSMN axonal projections to the spinal cord. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function analysis for multiple identified genes reveal programmes of combinatorial molecular controls over the precise development of key neocortical and other forebrain projection neuron populations that elucidate organization and function of the forebrain, and that might be manipulated toward functional cellular repair of complex brain circuitry.
A Highly Durable, Transferable, and Substrate‐Versatile High‐Performance All‐Polymer Micro‐Supercapacitor with Plug‐and‐Play Function (2017)

A highly durable high-performance all-polymer micro-supercapacitor with plug-and-play function is developed. Through the newly developed technology, these micro-supercapacitors can be transferred to any substrate with all functions well retained.
Peak Broadening in Open-Tubular Liquid Chromatography with Electroosmotic Flow (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeak Broadening in Open-Tubular Liquid Chromatography with Electroosmotic FlowMichel. Martin, Georges. Guiochon, Yvonne. Walbroehi, and James W. JorgensonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 2, 559–561Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50001a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50001a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Review of Two Animal Studies Dealing with Biological Responses to Glass-Fibre-Reinforced Composite Implants in Critical Size Calvarial Bone Defects in Rabbits (2007)

In these studies, E-glass-fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) implants with photopolymerisable resin systems and bioactive glass granules (BAG) were evaluated as a reconstructive material in the critical size bone defects made to rabbits’ calvarial bones. In the first study, a new experimental resin system, DD1/MMA/BDDMA, was used to impregnate the doubleveil FRC-implants, while in the second study, a commercial resin system composed of BisGMA/MMA/PMMA was used in impregnation. These double-veil FRC-implants were coated with bioactive glass granules (BAG, 315-500 0m). In the second study, an experimental FRC consisting of two laminates of woven fibres, was also tested as an implant material. These implants were filled with BAG-granules and pure fused quartz fibers (Quartzel wool). In the first study, implantation time was 4 or 12 weeks, while in the second study, it was 12 weeks for both the implant types. Results: In the first study, the healing of the defects had started in the form of new bone growth from the defect margins, as well as small islands of woven bone in the middle of the defect, at 4 weeks postoperatively. Ingrowth of dense connective tissue into the pores of the implant was widely seen. At 12 weeks postoperatively, more bony islands were seen as compared to the animals studied at 4 weeks. Part of the newly formed bone had an appearance of lamellar structure. The porous structures of the implant were deeply filled with fibroconnective tissue. Ingrowth of maturing bone to the implant structures was occasionally seen. The inflammatory reaction was moderate, and was mostly found inside the upper part of the implant. In the second study, inflammatory reactions caused by both types of the FRC implants were very slight. Small amount of new bone had started to grow from the defect margins in doulble-veil implanted defects. No ingrowth of connective tissues or new bone formation was seen inside these implants. Instead, both the connective tissues and newly formed, mineralizing bone were seen inside the experimental double-laminate implants. SiO2-fibres seemed to cause moderate inflammatory reaction inside the implants, while BAG granules did not. In both the study groups, the brain tissue was oedemic, but no obvious serious damage was found. Conclusions: The structural properties of the FRC-implants had an influence on the healing process of the bone defect. BAG, as a constituent of the FRCimplants, enhanced the bone formation process. After some modifications to the properties of the FRC, this type of implant has possibilities to become one material alternative in clinical bone defect reconstruction at the craniofacial area in the future.