gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A latent macromodular approach to large-scale sparse networks (1976)

Two major topics are discussed: macromodularity and latency. The macromodular approach uses the tearing procedure, modified nodal analysis, symbolic <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LU</tex> factorization techniques, and separate updating and convergence tests, to take full advantage of large sparse networks with highly repetitive subnetworks. An efficient algorithm requiring only the updating of a small portion of the Jacobian matrix when individual solution vectors do not converge is presented, and the storage requirements and computation efforts to obtain a complete solution are estimated. The latent approach takes advantage of the temporary cessation of network activity between stimulation and response through knowledge of actual stimulation and the history of the internal node voltages. This approach is fully utilized by defining latent directed paths. A "latent graph" theory is proposed, and some results are presented.
A Surface Mountable Pyramidal Horn Antenna and Transition to Substrate Integrated Waveguide (2007)

This paper reports and demonstrates for the first time a surface mountable horn antenna and also a transition from substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) to standard rectangular waveguide for microwave and millimeter-wave system applications. The proposed horn antenna and the transition can be installed or surface-mounted on top of the metal housing of a planar SIW circuitry as easy as a "cap". The transition is designed as a waveguide quarter-wave stepped impedance transformer. Simulation and measurement results over K-band are given in this paper.
PARTIAL SPECIFIC VOLUMES AND REFRACTIVE INDEX INCREMENTS IN MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPARTIAL SPECIFIC VOLUMES AND REFRACTIVE INDEX INCREMENTS IN MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS1Edward F. Casassa and Henryk EisenbergCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1961, 65, 3, 427–433Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100821a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j100821a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views534Altmetric-Citations153LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Morton's Neuroma: A Review of Recent Concepts (1987)

A number of new concepts in the pathology, diagnosis, and management of Morton's metatarsalgia have been presented in the recent literature. Probably as many questions as answers have been generated by these publications. The taut transverse metatarsal ligament appears to play a critical role compressing the interdigital nerve but the exact pathomechanics producing the neuroma and the role of the intermetatarsal bursa remain unclear. Electrodiagnostic techniques for this condition are in the early development stage and may be clinically applicable in the near future. Support for and recommendation against the preoperative injection of the intermetatarsal bursa and interdigital nerve area have been discussed. The necessity of interdigital neurectomy has been questioned but currently in North America, simple transverse metatarsal ligament division has not been widely utilized. Continued studies along these lines should improve our understanding of Morton's metatarsalgia, increase our diagnostic accuracy, and facilitate more effective management.
Differential Interaction of Virulent and Attenuated Infuenza Virus Strains with Ferret Alveolar Macrophages: Possible Role in Pathogenicity (1990)

The ferret provides a unique model for the study of human influenza. The interaction between alveolar macrophages and virus strains with different levels of virulence was examined in vitro. The greater virulence of wild-type A strains over type B and C viruses was reflected in the higher production of infectious virus progeny and subsequent cytopathology, even though the expression of viral antigens was equivalent for all strains tested. These included A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) and A/Rochester/1/82 (H3N2), B/Hong Kong/72, and C/Ann Arbor/1/50. The attenuated cold-adapted and temperature-sensitive variant of A/Ann Arbor/6/60 behaved like its parent except that a longer period was needed to reach peak viral release. In contrast, the avirulent host-range reassortant CR-43-3 did not productively replicate, though viral antigen expression was comparable to that of the other strains. Type C virus infected few cells and these continued to release low virus levels in the absence of detectable cytopathology. The results suggest that the ability of certain strains to infect and replicate in alveolar macrophages can be correlated to their in vivo virulence and may play a role in determining the course of viral pathogenesis.
Sequence‐specific priming and exonuclease‐released fluorescence detection of HLA‐DQB1 alleles (1996)

Molecular typing of HLA DQB1 alleles, employing sequence-specific primers (SSP) for PCR amplification, was used to test a novel method that eliminates the requirement for subsequent gel electrophoresis or additional hybridization steps by directly detecting positive reactions. We have evaluated the performance of this fluorescence-based oligonucleotide probe assay to assign the most common DQB1 alleles on DNA from 14 homozygous cell lines and in a blind study of 50 diabetic patient samples that had been previously typed at the DQB1 locus using SSOP and conventional SSP-based approaches. We used a panel of 14 DQB1 SSP primer pairs, internal control primers, and a combination of 4 fluorescent oligonucleotide probes to detect 14 alleles or groups of alleles and controls. We can reliably detect single-base allelic differences, observe 100% concordance with the results obtained using both of the standard methods, and are able to further subtype several alleles that are not easily distinguished using SSOP (e.g. DQB1 *0401/0402 and DQB1 *0302/ 0303). Sequence-specific priming and exonuclease-released fluorescence (SSPERF) detection is technically simple and can be performed in less than 2 hours, including DNA extraction, PCR amplification, data analysis and allele identification. This method is particularly useful for the analysis of large numbers of samples, for which high throughput is critical and for which gel-based approaches are difficult to perform. This technique may also be useful for small-scale class I and class II molecular typing in clinically oriented laboratories.
Virtual cinematography director for interactive storytelling (2009)

This paper proposes an intelligent cinematography director for plot-based storytelling systems. The role of the director is to select in real-time the camera shots that best fit for the scenes and present the content in an interesting and coherent manner. Director's knowledge is represented with a collection of support vector machines (SVM) trained to solve cinematography problems of shot selection. With this work we introduce the use of support vector machines, applied as an artificial intelligence method, in a storytelling director. This approach also can be extended and applied in games and other digital entertainment applications.
Multicast Routing with Delay and Delay Variation Constraints for Collaborative Applications on Overlay Networks (2007)

Computer supported collaborative applications on overlay networks are gaining popularity among users who are geographically dispersed. Examples of these kinds of applications include video-conferencing, distributed database replication, and online games. This type of application requires a multicasting subnetwork, using which messages should arrive at the destinations within a specified delay bound. These applications also require that destinations receive the message from the source at approximately the same time. The problem of finding a multicasting subnetwork with delay and delay-variation bound has been proved to be an NP complete problem in the literature and heuristics have been proposed for this problem. In this paper, we provide an efficient heuristic to obtain a multicast subnetwork on an overlay network, given a source and a set of destinations that is within a specified maximum delay and a specified maximum variation in the delays from a source to the destinations. The time-complexity of our algorithm is O(|E|+nk log(|E|/n)+m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> k), where n and |E| are the number of nodes and edges in the network, respectively, k is the number of shortest paths determined, and m is the number of destinations. We have shown that our algorithm is significantly better in terms of time-complexity than existing algorithms for the same problem. Our extensive empirical studies indicate that our heuristic uses significantly less runtime in comparison with the best-known heuristics while achieving the tightest delay variation for a given end-to-end delay bound
Sensitization of Upper Airway Mechanoreceptors as a New Pharmacologic Principle to Treat Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Investigations with AVE0118 in Anesthetized Pigs (2013)

Topical administration of AVE0118 to the UA is a promising pharmacologic approach for the treatment of OSA.
Expression of non‐adrenergic imidazoline sites in rat cerebral cortical astrocytes (1993)

Clonidine and related imidazoline agents, beside binding to alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, have been shown to bind to a non-adrenergic site (imidazoline sites) in brain and peripheral tissues. However, which cell types in brain, namely neurons or glia, express this binding site and the cellular effects of activation of this site are not known. We investigated the cellular localization of imidazoline binding sites in cultured rat cortical astrocytes and neurons. Membranes prepared from cultured astrocytes showed specific, high affinity binding (KD: 4 nM) for 3H-idazoxan with about tenfold higher number of binding sites than alpha 2-adrenergic sites (Bmax: 220 vs. 20 fmol/mg protein). Displacement studies exhibited the rank order of potency: cirazoline > idazoxan > amiloride > clonidine >>> epinephrine = ruawolscine defining this site as I-2a subtype of imidazoline binding sites. Moreover, the binding was inhibited by K+ but not by Na+, another characteristic of imidazoline binding sites. In contrast, membranes prepared from cultured neurons showed fewer binding sites for 3H-idazoxan that were completely displayed by adrenergic agents. Incubation of astrocytes with idazoxan, but not rauwolscine, resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in the levels of mRNA for the astrocyte specific molecule glial fibrillary acidic protein. We conclude that (a) the non-adrenergic imidazoline binding sites are expressed in astrocytes but not in neurons in rat cerebral cortex and (b) these "receptors" may influence astrocyte physiology by regulating the levels of GFAP.
Synthesis of Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Addition (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.Synthesis of Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative AdditionGilson Zeni and Richard C. LarockView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 11, 4644–4680Publication Date (Web):October 11, 2006Publication History Received18 May 2006Published online11 October 2006Published inissue 1 November 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0683966https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0683966research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views15948Altmetric-Citations1036LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Cyclization,Heterocyclic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Palladium Get e-Alerts
Subcutaneous secretin in dogs: influence of solvent and volume of solvent. (1975)

Pancreatic secretion in response to subcutaneously injected secretin was studied in three dogs with chronic pancreatic and gastric fistulas. Three solvents: saline, gelatin, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); two volumes of solvent: 2 and 6 ml; and two doses of secretin: 75 and 150 clinical units were tested. Gelatin was more effective than CMC in prolonging the action of secretin; the duration of the plateau of secretion was about twice as long with gelatin as with saline. Increasing the volume of solvent from 2 to 6 ml also increased the total duration of secretion and total HCO-3 output. It is concluded that gelatin is a suitable vehicle for prolonging the action of secretin.
Doing International Business Online for the Small and Medium Enterprise (2008)

This chapter is designed to address the primary difficulties small and medium enterprises face when doing business online with international partners. The guidance provided in this chapter is primarily for at owners of small and medium enterprises rather than legal professionals. The two main problems inhibiting online transactions are a lack of trust between the parties and the risk inherent in the transaction. This chapter analyzes ways to address these problems. Many of the practical suggestions in this chapter are inspired not by million dollar deals but by playground transactions between children. Often the simple solutions are the best ones.
Optimization of trichromatic color temperature tunable white light LEDs (2011)

In this paper, color mixing of extensive arbitrary visible spectra with color temperature tunable trichromatic white LEDs is studied. Within three different peak wavelengths ranges, the results provide combinations which yield white light of desired color temperature, while maximize various objectives such as color rendering index, color quality scale and luminous efficacy. A combination of 463nm, 543nm, 613nm reaches CRI above 85 with average luminous efficacy of 362.9lm/W, and the combination of 457nm, 541nm, 607nm reaches average luminous efficacy of 380.74lm/W with CRI above 80, both within tunable color temperature range from 2800K to 6500K.
A Viral Movement Protein as a Nuclear Shuttle (The Geminivirus BR1 Movement Protein Contains Domains Essential for Interaction with BL1 and Nuclear Localization) (1996)

For the nuclear replicating bipartite geminiviruses such as squash leaf curl to systemically infect the host requires the active participation of two virus-encoded movement proteins, BR1 and BL1. These act in a cooperative manner to transport the viral single-stranded DNA genome from its site of replication in the nucleus to the cell periphery (A.A. Sanderfoot, S.G. Lazarowitz [1995] Plant Cell 7: 1185-1194). We have proposed that BR1 functions as a nuclear shuttle protein, transporting the viral single-stranded DNA to and from the nucleus as a complex that is recognized by BL1 for movement to adjacent cells. To further investigate this, we expressed BR1 mutants known to affect viral infectivity in Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells and Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi protoplasts and found these to be defective in either their nuclear targeting or their ability to be redirected to the cell periphery when co-expressed with BL1. Translational fusions to beta-glucuronidase and alanine-scanning mutagenesis further demonstrated that the C-terminal 86 amino acids of BR1 contains a domain(s) essential for its interaction with BL1 and identified two nuclear localization signals within the N-terminal 113 residues of BR1. These nuclear localization signals were precisely located within distinct 16- and 22-peptide segments of BR1. These studies support and extend our model for squash leaf curl virus movement, showing that BR1 has a domain structure, with an N-terminal region required for nuclear targeting and a C-terminal region required for its interaction with BL1.
Metal Scavengers (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Background Medicinal Chemistry Uses of Metals Process Chemistry Uses of Metals Players in the Field Silica Manufacture of the Metal Scavenger Resins Polymer Manufacture of the Metal Scavenger Resins Palladium Removal in Organic Chemistry Platinum Removal in Organic Chemistry Ruthenium and Tin Removal in Organic Chemistry Other Metals Removal Conclusion List of Abbreviations References
In vitro dissolution profile and in vivo absorption study of sustained-release tablets containing chlorpheniramine maleate with water-insoluble glucan. (1984)

In vitro dissolution profiles and in vivo absorption of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) from sustained-release tablets prepared with water-insoluble glucan produced by Streptococcus mutans were studied. Glucan alone or a conbination of glucan with lactose was used as a vehicle, and the tablets were made by direct compression method. The release rate of CPM increased with decreasing concentraion of glucan. The tablet containing 10mg of CPM and 190mg of glucan released CPM over 8h. Plasma levels of CPM following oral administration of the sustained-release tablets were low but were well sustained as compared with the result for the immediate-release tablet.
Antitumor Effect of Diphtheria Toxin A‐Chain Gene‐containing Cationic Liposomes Conjugated with Monoclonal Antibody Directed to Tumor‐associated Antigen of Bovine Leukemia Cells (1998)

Monoclonal antibody c143 against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on bovine leukemia cells was conjugated to cationic liposomes carrying a plasmid pLTR-DT which contained a gene for diphtheria toxin A-chain (DT-A) under the control of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in the multicloning site of pUC-18. The specificity and antitumor effects of the conjugates were examined in vitro and in vivo using TAA-positive bovine B-cell lymphoma line as the target tumor. In vitro studies with the TAA-positive cell line indicated that luciferase gene-containing cationic liposomes associated with the c143 anti-TAA monoclonal antibody caused about 2-fold increase in luciferase activity compared with cationic liposomes having no antibody, and also that the c143-conjugated cationic liposomes containing pLTR-DT exerted selective growth-inhibitory effects on the TAA-positive B-cell line. Three injections of pLTR-DT-containing cationic liposomes coupled with c143 into tumor-bearing nude mice resulted in significant inhibition of the tumor growth. The antitumor potency of the c143-conjugated cationic liposomes containing pLTR-DT was far greater than that of normal mouse IgG-coupled cationic liposomes containing pLTR-DT as assessed in terms of tumor size. These results suggest that cationic liposomes bearing c143 are an efficient transfection reagent for BLV-infected B-cells lymphoma cells, and that the delivery of the pLTR-DT gene into BLV-infected B-cells by the use of such liposomes may become a useful technique for gene therapy of bovine leukosis.
When Is Curative Gastrectomy Justified for Gastric Cancer with Positive Peritoneal Lavage Cytology but Negative Macroscopic Peritoneal Implant? (2005)

For gastric cancer patients who have no peritoneal seeding at a macroscopic level but positive results in the peritoneal lavage cytology (PLC), the prognostic benefit expected by surgical resection is still controversial. During the period 1975-1994 as series of 417 consecutive patients without distant organ metastases underwent surgical resection for gastric cancer that had invaded the subserosal or deeper layers of the stomach wall. Immediately after laparotomy, the pouch of Douglas was washed with 100 ml of physiologic saline solution, and the fluid was collected for cytologic examination (four slide glasses) using Giemsa and Papanicolaou staining methods. According to the macroscopic (P) and cytologic (Cyt) results, the 417 patients were classified into three groups: P(+) (n = 97); P(-)/Cyt(+) (n = 25); and P(-)/Cyt(-) (n = 295). Their 3-year survival rates after surgical resection were 4%, 24%, and 48%, respectively (p = 0.0001: P(-)/Cyt(+) vs. P(-)/Cyt(-); p = 0.0018: P(-)/Cyt(+) vs. P(+). Among the 25 P(-)/Cyt(+) patients, postoperative survival was not associated with the T stage, N stage, cellular atypism, or cluster formation but with the number of cancer cells per slide during PLC. The 3-year survival rate was 35% for the subgroup with fewer than 10 cancer cells per slide (17 patients) and 0% for the other subgroup with 10 or more cancer cells per slide (8 patients) (p = 0.017). For P(-)/Cyt(+) patients, who represent a subgroup of gastric cancer patients with an intermediate survival rate between the P(-)/Cyt(-) and P(+) patients, the number of cancer cells observed during PLC offers a potent prognostic indicator for the gastrectomy.
Neue Elemente der Bedeckungsveraenderlichen GSC 6281-246 (Brb V149) und GSC 2161-1310 (Brh V155) (2010)

This study is the first that showed significant differences of serum NUCB2/nesfatin-1 level according to different stages of alcohol dependence. Plasma NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels were lower in highest craving phase and tended to normalize after abstinence. Since we could not find a correlation between craving and NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels, the increase of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in abstinence phase might have been resulted from other reasons apart from craving.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML-M3)--Part 1: Pathophysiology, clinical diagnosis, and differentiation therapy. (2000)

The diagnosis and treatment of AML-M3 has improved dramatically in the past decade, which has greatly enhanced the prognosis of patients with this disease. First remission rates have increased to greater than 85% world wide, the incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has declined dramatically, and 60% to 70% of patients with AML-M3 have achieved long term survival and are potentially cured.