gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of genistein ability to modulate CTGF mRNA/protein expression, genes expression of TGFβ isoforms and expression of selected genes regulating cell cycle in keloid fibroblasts in vitro. (2015)

Keloids are characterized by overgrowth of connective tissue in the skin that arises as a consequence of abnormal wound healing. Normal wound healing is regulated by a complex set of interactions within a network of profibrotic and antifibrotic cytokines that regulate new extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and remodeling. These proteins include transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) isoforms and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). TGFβ1 stimulates fibroblasts to synthesize and contract ECM and acts as a central mediator of profibrotic response. CTGF is induced by TGFβ1 and is considered a downstream mediator of TGFβ1action in fibroblasts. CTGF plays a crucial role in keloid pathogenesis by promoting prolonged collagen synthesis and deposition and as a consequence sustained fibrotic response. During keloids formation, besides imbalanced ECM synthesis and degradation, fibroblast proliferation and it's resistance to apoptosis is observed. Key genes that may play a role in keloid formation and growth involve: suppressor gene p53.,cyclin-depend- ent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A (p21) and BCL2 family genes: antiapoptotic BCL-2 and proapoptotic BAX. Genistein (4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone) exhibits multidirectional biological action. The concentration of genistein is relatively high in soybean. Genistein has been shown as effective antioxidant and chemopreventive agent. Genistein can bind to estrogen receptors (ERs) and modulate estrogen action due to its structure similarity to human estrogens. Genistein also inhibits transcription factors NFκB. Akt and AP-l signaling pathways, that are important for cytokines expression and cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis. The aim of the study was to investigate genistein as a potential inhibitor of CTGF and TGFβ1, β2 and β3 isoforms expression and a potential regulator of p53. CDKN1A(p21), BAX and BCL-2 expression in normal fibroblasts and fibroblasts derived from keloids cultured in vitro. Real time RT-QPCR was used to estimate transcription level of selected genes in normal and keloid fibroblasts treated with genistein. Secreted/cell-associated CTGF protein was evaluated in cell growth's medium by ELISA. Total protein quantification was evaluated by fluorimetric assay in cells llsates (Quant-iT TM Protein Assay Kit). It was found that TGFβ1, β2 and β3 genes expression are decreased by genistein. Genistein suppresses the expression of CTGF mRNA and CTGF protein in a concentration dependent manner, p53 and p21 genes expression are modulated by genistein in concentration dependent manner. The agent also modulates BAX/BCL-2 ratio in examined cells in vitro.
Downregulation of Potassium Chloride Cotransporter KCC2 After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia (2010)

Our study revealed a substantial neuron-specific downregulation of KCC2 after focal cerebral ischemia.
Breakdown voltage instability mechanism and improving ruggedness in Trench Field Plate Power MOSFET (2016)

Breakdown voltage instability mechanism of Trench Field Plate Power MOSFET was studied. We found that breakdown voltage (BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSS</sub> ) shifts obeyed power-law time dependence by analysis of time dependent BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSS</sub> shifts. Furthermore, stress/suspend measurements revealed that BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSS</sub> shift repeated increase/recovery behaviors. These results were discussed by Si-H bond dissociation Reaction-Diffusion (R-D) model as well as hot carrier degradation and negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) in conventional MOSFET. TCAD simulations suggested that positively charged traps at bottom of trench caused the BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSS</sub> instability. Therefore, we believe that Si-H bond dissociation at trench bottom Si/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> interface was induced by hot carriers. Based on these findings, improvement of BV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSS</sub> stability by trench bottom electric field optimization was demonstrated.
Association of VNTR polymorphisms in the MAOA promoter and DRD4 exon 3 with heroin dependence in male Chinese addicts (2010)

The long-repeat allelic variants (>4-repeats) and 2-repeat allele of the DRD4 exon 3 VNTR polymorphism might be risk alleles for individual vulnerability to heroin addiction in Chinese men, but the MAOA promoter VNTR polymorphism does not mean that the partial dominant inherited mode might involved in the genetics of heroin dependence.
Neuropathological findings in new variant CJD and experimental transmission of BSE (1998)

The diagnosis of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is dependent on the neuropathological examination of brain tissue following brain biopsy or autopsy. The characteristic neuropathological features are multiple 'florid' plaques in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex, spongiform change most marked in the basal ganglia, severe thalamic gliosis and marked accumulation of the disease-associated prion protein in diffuse or pericellular deposits in the cerebrum and cerebellum. These features allow distinction from cases of sporadic, familial and iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in neuropathological terms, new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease also differs from sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in terms of prion protein accumulation in lymphoid tissue outside the central nervous system. This has given rise to the possibility that prion protein in new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease might be transported to the brain by circulating lymphocytes in the blood. Experimental strain typing of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease has shown that the transmissible agent responsible for this disorder is identical to that identified in bovine spongiform encephalopathy, confirming the hypothesis that exposure to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent, presumably through the diet, is the cause of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
A potential tolerogenic immune mechanism in a trophoblast cell line through the activation of chemokine-induced T cell death and regulatory T cell modulation (2008)

RANTES promotes an adequate pro-implantatory microenvironment that influences trophoblast cell survival and modulates the balance of maternal Treg/T effector lymphocytes in favor of maternal tolerance.
Gas/Liquid Separators: Quantifying Separation Performance - Part 1 (2013)

Many two-phase and three-phase separators in the oil and gas industry continue to underperform. Sometimes, the wrong type of equipment was selected, or the correct type of equipment was selected, but the sizing methodology was inadequate.
Coherent control of the silicon-vacancy spin in diamond (2017)

Spin impurities in diamond have emerged as a promising building block in a wide range of solid-state-based quantum technologies. The negatively charged silicon-vacancy centre combines the advantages of its high-quality photonic properties with a ground-state electronic spin, which can be read out optically. However, for this spin to be operational as a quantum bit, full quantum control is essential. Here we report the measurement of optically detected magnetic resonance and the demonstration of coherent control of a single silicon-vacancy centre spin with a microwave field. Using Ramsey interferometry, we directly measure a spin coherence time, T<sub>2</sub>*, of 115±9 ns at 3.6 K. The temperature dependence of coherence times indicates that dephasing and decay of the spin arise from single-phonon-mediated excitation between orbital branches of the ground state. Our results enable the silicon-vacancy centre spin to become a controllable resource to establish spin-photon quantum interfaces.
Chronic antipsychotic treatment alters glycine-stimulated NMDA receptor binding in rat brain (1996)

In this study the chronic effect of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor binding was evaluated. Rats were treated for 21 days with i.p. injections of haloperidol (0.5 mg/ kg), pimozide (0.5 mg/kg), clozapine (20 mg/kg), risperidone (1 mg/kg) or water vehicle (1 ml/kg). Brain tissue sections underwent different [3H]MK-801 assay conditions. Following a short preincubation wash, there were no effects of APDs on either unenhanced or agonist enhanced [3H]MK-801 binding. Following a prolonged preincubation wash, APDs resulted in a reduction in both unenhanced binding and glycine enhanced binding. The attenuation of glycine stimulation in the APD treated animals was selective as neither NMDA nor spermidine enhanced binding was significantly affected. The present data suggest specific actions at the glycine regulatory site on the NMDA receptor as part of the chronic effects of APDs.
Nonreciprocal Propagation Characteristics of YIG Thin-Film (2005)

The characteristics of optical nonreciprocal phase shifter (ONPS), with which optical circulators can be constructed, are investigated. We could confirm experimentally that the YIG thin-film waveguide worked as ONPS.
Patch-Based Representation of Visual Speech (2006)

Visual information from a speaker's mouth region is known to improve automatic speech recognition robustness, especially in the presence of acoustic noise. To date, the vast majority of work in this field has viewed these visual features in a holistic manner, which may not take into account the various changes that occur within articulation (process of changing the shape of the vocal tract using the articulators, i.e lips and jaw). Motivated by the work being conducted in fields of audio-visual automatic speech recognition (AVASR) and face recognition using articulatory features (AFs) and patches respectively, we present a proof of concept paper which represents the mouth region as a ensemble of image patches. Our experiments show that by dealing with the mouth region in this manner, we are able to extract more speech information from the visual domain. For the task of visual-only speaker-independent isolated digit recognition, we were able to improve the relative word error rate by more than 23\\% on the CUAVE audio-visual corpus.
Asynchronous Data-dependent Jitter Compensation (2009)

Data-dependent jitter (DDJ) caused by lossy channels is a limiting factor in the bit rates that can be achieved reliably over serial links. This thesis explains the causes of DDJ and existing equalization techniques, then develops an asynchronous (clock-agnostic) architecture for DDJ compensation. The compensation circuit alters the transition times of a digital signal to cancel the expected channel-induced delays. It is designed for a 0.35 µm BiCMOS process with a 240 × 140 µm footprint and typically consumes 3.4 mA, a small fraction of the current used in a typical transmitter. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the circuit has
Synthesis of ABA Type Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Polyacrylates (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSynthesis of ABA Type Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on PolyacrylatesS. K. Varshney, P. Kesani, N. Agarwal, J. X. Zhang, and M. RafailovichView Author Information Polymer Source, Inc., 771 Lajoie Street, Dorval, Quebec H9P 1G7, Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Suny at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275 Cite this: Macromolecules 1999, 32, 1, 235–237Publication Date (Web):December 18, 1998Publication History Received29 September 1997Revised19 November 1998Published online18 December 1998Published inissue 1 January 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma971428uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma971428urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views554Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Copolymers,Hydrocarbons,Organic compounds,Size exclusion chromatography Get e-Alerts
Detection Filter Design: Spectral Theory and Algorithms (1986)

A new formulation of the detection filter problem is generated by assignment of the closed-loop eigenstructure under certain constraints. Detection filters, which are actually a specific class of observes, fix the output error direction of the system so that it can be associated with a particular failure mode and its known design failure direction. The derivation of detection filters from an eigen-system approach permits a very transparent theory. The detection filter gains and closed-loop eigenvectors are obtained from a set of simultaneous equation. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the solution of these algebraic equations are determined which produce a complete theory for detection filters.
On Fault Representativeness of Software Fault Injection (2012)

The injection of software faults in software components to assess the impact of these faults on other components or on the system as a whole, allowing the evaluation of fault tolerance, is relatively new compared to decades of research on hardware fault injection. This paper presents an extensive experimental study (more than 3.8 million individual experiments in three real systems) to evaluate the representativeness of faults injected by a state-of-the-art approach (G-SWFIT). Results show that a significant share (up to 72 percent) of injected faults cannot be considered representative of residual software faults as they are consistently detected by regression tests, and that the representativeness of injected faults is affected by the fault location within the system, resulting in different distributions of representative/nonrepresentative faults across files and functions. Therefore, we propose a new approach to refine the faultload by removing faults that are not representative of residual software faults. This filtering is essential to assure meaningful results and to reduce the cost (in terms of number of faults) of software fault injection campaigns in complex software. The proposed approach is based on classification algorithms, is fully automatic, and can be used for improving fault representativeness of existing software fault injection approaches.
[The inhibiting effects of suramin on bFGF induced proliferation of cultured human RPE cells]. (2005)

Suramin can inhibit the bFGF induced proliferation of RPE cells. The mechanisms of the effects of suramin in the inhibition of proliferation of RPE cells and in the prevention of PVR at least partly due to its competition effects with the growth factors.
An automated training paradigm reveals long-term memory in planaria and its persistence through head regeneration (2013)

Planarian flatworms are a popular system for research into the molecular mechanisms that enable these complex organisms to regenerate their entire body, including the brain. Classical data suggest that they may also be capable of long-term memory. Thus, the planarian system may offer the unique opportunity to study brain regeneration and memory in the same animal. To establish a system for the investigation of the dynamics of memory in a regenerating brain, we developed a computerized training and testing paradigm that avoided the many issues that confounded previous, manual attempts to train planarians. We then used this new system to train flatworms in an environmental familiarization protocol. We show that worms exhibit environmental familiarization, and that this memory persists for at least 14 days - long enough for the brain to regenerate. We further show that trained, decapitated planarians exhibit evidence of memory retrieval in a savings paradigm after regenerating a new head. Our work establishes a foundation for objective, high-throughput assays in this molecularly tractable model system that will shed light on the fundamental interface between body patterning and stored memories. We propose planarians as key emerging model species for mechanistic investigations of the encoding of specific memories in biological tissues. Moreover, this system is lik ely to have important implications for the biomedicine of stem-cell-derived treatments of degenerative brain disorders in human adults.
Wavelength-orthogonal photolysis of neurotransmittersin vitro (2011)

Irradiation of a mixture of 4-methoxyphenacyl-caged (S)-glutamate and 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzyl-caged γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) on neurons, at ~260 nm, evokes selective photorelease of (S)-glutamate (Glu) whereas photolysis at 405 nm causes selective photorelease of GABA.
WinoGrande: An Adversarial Winograd Schema Challenge at Scale (2019)

The Winograd Schema Challenge (WSC) (Levesque, Davis, and Morgenstern 2011), a benchmark for commonsense reasoning, is a set of 273 expert-crafted pronoun resolution problems originally designed to be unsolvable for statistical models that rely on selectional preferences or word associations. However, recent advances in neural language models have already reached around 90% accuracy on variants of WSC. This raises an important question whether these models have truly acquired robust commonsense capabilities or whether they rely on spurious biases in the datasets that lead to an overestimation of the true capabilities of machine commonsense. To investigate this question, we introduce WinoGrande, a large-scale dataset of 44k problems, inspired by the original WSC design, but adjusted to improve both the scale and the hardness of the dataset. The key steps of the dataset construction consist of (1) a carefully designed crowdsourcing procedure, followed by (2) systematic bias reduction using a novel AfLite algorithm that generalizes human-detectable word associations to machine-detectable embedding associations. The best state-of-the-art methods on WinoGrande achieve 59.4-79.1%, which are 15-35% below human performance of 94.0%, depending on the amount of the training data allowed. Furthermore, we establish new state-of-the-art results on five related benchmarks - WSC (90.1%), DPR (93.1%), COPA (90.6%), KnowRef (85.6%), and Winogender (97.1%). These results have dual implications: on one hand, they demonstrate the effectiveness of WinoGrande when used as a resource for transfer learning. On the other hand, they raise a concern that we are likely to be overestimating the true capabilities of machine commonsense across all these benchmarks. We emphasize the importance of algorithmic bias reduction in existing and future benchmarks to mitigate such overestimation.
Data Processing for Intensity Based Fiber Optic Sensors (1996)

The design of a data processing prototype for intensity based fiber optic sensors is presented. This processing unit fulfills the requirement of a simple and reliable measurement technique to the laboratory user. In this particular experiment, the data processing unit was tested for an optical fiber displacement sensor.
Structural Recognition by Recombinant Human Heparanase That Plays Critical Roles in Tumor Metastasis (2002)

Human heparanase is an endo-beta-d-glucuronidase that degrades heparan sulfate/heparin and has been implicated in a variety of biological processes, such as inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis. Although the cloned enzyme has been demonstrated to have a critical role in tumor metastasis, the substrate specificity has been poorly understood. In the present study, the specificity of the purified recombinant human heparanase was investigated for the first time using a series of structurally defined oligosaccharides isolated from heparin/heparan sulfate. The best substrates were deltaHexUA(+/-2S)-GlcN(NS,6S)-GlcUA-GlcN(NS,6S)-GlcUA-GlcN(NS,6S) and deltaHexUA(2S)-GlcN(NS,6S)-GlcUA-GlcN(NS,6S) (where deltaHexUA, GlcN, GlcUA, NS, 2S, and 6S represent unsaturated hexuronic acid, d-glucosamine, d-glucuronic acid, 2-N-sulfate, 2-O-sulfate, and 6-O-disulfate, respectively). Based on the percentage conversion of the substrates to products under identical assay conditions, several aspects of the recognition structures were revealed. 1) The minimum recognition backbone is the trisaccharide GlcN-GlcUA-GlcN. 2) The target GlcUA residues are in the sulfated region. 3) The -GlcN(6S)-GlcUA-GlcN(NS)- sequence is essential but not sufficient as the cleavage site. 4) The IdoUA(2S) residue, located two saccharides away from the target GlcUA residue, claimed previously to be essential, is not indispensable. 5) The 3-O-sulfate group on the GlcN is dispensable and even has an inhibitory effect when located in a highly sulfated region. 6) Based on these and previous results, HexUA(2S)-GlcN(NS,6S)-IdoUA-GlcNAc(6S)-GlcUA-GlcN(NS,+/-6S)-IdoUA(2S)-GlcN(NS,6S) (where HexUA represents hexuronic acid) has been proposed as a probable physiological target octasaccharide sequence. These findings will aid establishing a quantitative assay method using the above tetrasaccharide and designing heparan sulfate-based specific inhibitors of the heparanase for new therapeutic strategies.
Effects of Succinylation on β‐Lactoglobulin Foaming Properties (1990)

ABSTRACT The extent of succinylation of β‐lactoglobulin (β‐Lg) increased logarithmically with increasing concentrations of succinic anhydride. The surface pressure of 27.5% succinylated β‐Lg was higher than native (β‐Lg but higher levels of succinylation (50% and 100%) reduced the surface pressure. Overrun and foam stability were reduced following succinylation. The electrostatic interaction caused by the addition of 100% succinylated β‐lactoglobulin (0.5g/100 mL) to a solution (2.5%) of native β‐lactoglobulin at pH 4.0 improved overrun (47%) and foam stability (61%).
Direct measurement of fluid velocity in an electrospinning jet using particle image velocimetry (2007)

By observing the movement of small fluorescent particles in an electrospinning jet, we have directly measured the fluid velocity along the jet axis. The correlation between these direct velocity measurements and the velocity calculated from the jet radius using volume conservation indicates when evaporation is a significant factor. Measurements of the fluid properties of the solution used in the experiment allow us to construct a plot of Deborah number as a function of position along the jet. Our data also indicate transverse movement at the beginning of the fluid jet, potentially indicating the precursor to the macroscopic bending instability.