gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AR-based Video-Mediated Communication: A Social Presence Enhancing Experience (2012)

Video-mediated communication systems attempt toprovide users with a channel that could bring out the "feeling"of face-to-face communication. Among the many qualities thesesystems aim for, a high level of Social Presence isunquestionably a desirable one; however, little effort has beenmade to improve upon the user's perception of "presence". Wepropose an AR approach to enhance social presence for video mediatedsystems by allowing one user to be present in theother user's video image. We conducted a preliminary pilotstudy with 10 participants coupled in 5 pairs to evaluate oursystem and compare with the traditional video-chat setup.Results indicated that our system has higher degree of socialpresence compared to traditional video-chat systems. Thisconclusion was supported by the positive feedback from thesubjects.
Data compression procedures utilizing the similarity of data (1981)

In large database systems, we usually encounter the situation when a set of similar data is to be stored. This paper discusses efficient data compression procedures utilizing similarity of data. These procedures are suitable for compressing versions of programs, a series of data produced in an office etc.
Leptin in Anorexia and Cachexia Syndrome (2012)

Leptin is a product of the obese (OB) gene secreted by adipocytes in proportion to fat mass. It decreases food intake and increases energy expenditure by affecting the balance between orexigenic and anorexigenic hypothalamic pathways. Low leptin levels are responsible for the compensatory increase in appetite and body weight and decreased energy expenditure (EE) following caloric deprivation. The anorexia-cachexia syndrome is a complication of many chronic conditions including cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and aging, where the decrease in body weight and food intake is not followed by a compensatory increase in appetite or decreased EE. Crosstalk between leptin and inflammatory signaling known to be activated in these conditions may be responsible for this paradox. This manuscript will review the evidence and potential mechanisms mediating changes in the leptin pathway in the setting of anorexia and cachexia associated with chronic diseases.
Recent progress on athermal AWG wavelength multiplexer (2005)

We review the athermalization techniques that have been proposed for AWGs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages provided by each approach. We then describe our recent progress on the design and fabrication of a silica-based athermal AWG with a 1.5%-▵ waveguide and report its compactness and excellent optical characteristics including its extremely low insertion loss.
Development of the IT Convergence Using Power Line Communication (2010)

The phrase, “convergence technology”, refers to the synergistic combination of conventional industry and IT (Information Technology) including advanced computing and communications. The growing recognition of the urgency to reduce risks and production costs is motivating the development of improvements in the traditional manufacturing industry using IT convergence. This paper describes the IT convergence application which is a combination of traditional dust chamber industry and the Internet, using Power Line Communication (PLC). At first, we developed a connection method between a differential pressure transmitter that is a sensor of the dust chamber and PLC modem. Also, we designed a message format to transmit the data from a PLC modem to a user and from a user to a PLC modem. The transmission data unit in the PLC modem is a byte and we defined the n-bytes message format. In addition to that, we developed a parsing module and object modeling, dust chamber modeling and event modeling, based on XML (eXtensible Markup Language) using the object-oriented modeling method. And we applied a calculation to find the optimal exchange time for dust chamber bags. The experimental results on the developed system are also presented.
A Three Nucleotide Signature Sequence in Small Subunit rRNA Divides Human <i>Giardia</i> in Two Different Genotypes (1995)

The nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene and the space DNA region was determined for Giardia duodenalis, obtained from humans in The Netherlands (AMC-4) and Washington State (CM). These rDNA sequences differ from other G. duodenalis isolates (Portland-1 and BRIS/83/HEPU/ 106) both of which have virtually identical rDNA sequences. The most characteristic feature was found close to the 5' end of the 16S rRNA. The Portland-1 -Bris/83/HEPU/ 106 type has GCG in position 22-24, while AMC-4 and CM have AUC in this position. These two sequences, present in an otherwise conserved region of the 16S rRNA, are "signature" sequences, which divide Giardia isolates into two different groups.
Characterization of a monoclonal antibody that reacts with an activation antigen on human B cells: reactions on mitogen-stimulated blood lymphocytes and cells of normal lymph nodes (1983)

We describe a monoclonal antibody that reacts with human B-lymphoid cells. We have characterized the reactions of this antibody on normal blood lymphocytes, with and without pokeweed mitogen stimulation, bone marrow lymphocytes, and on frozen sections of normal lymph nodes. The antibody, B532, appears to recognize an activation antigen on human B cells. This activation antigen can apparently be induced both by infection with Epstein-Barr virus and by stimulation with antigens and mitogens, but it is lost on plasma cells. In normal lymph nodes, the antigen is confined to germinal center cells and some of the cells of the “mantle” that surrounds germinal centers. The antigen is not present on T cells.
Neural networks modelling of biochemical reactions (2002)

In this study, the use of neural networks (NN) in modelling biochemical reactions is shown. The metabolic chain describing the synthesis of puric bases is simulated. Results obtained are identical to those already known. The use of neural networks permits the development of more accurate models of enzymatic reactions. Thus, simulation tests concerning the use of new drugs can be performed rapidly and with good accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SPECTER: Document-level Representation Learning using Citation-informed Transformers (2020)

Representation learning is a critical ingredient for natural language processing systems. Recent Transformer language models like BERT learn powerful textual representations, but these models are targeted towards token-and sentence-level training objectives and do not leverage information on inter-document relatedness, which limits their document-level representation power. For applications on scientific documents, such as classification and recommendation, the embeddings power strong performance on end tasks. We propose SPECTER, a new method to generate document-level embedding of scientific documents based on pretraining a Transformer language model on a powerful signal of document-level relatedness: the citation graph. Unlike existing pretrained language models, SPECTER can be easily applied to downstream applications without task-specific fine-tuning. Additionally, to encourage further research on document-level models, we introduce SCIDOCS, a new evaluation benchmark consisting of seven document-level tasks ranging from citation prediction, to document classification and recommendation. We show that SPECTER outperforms a variety of competitive baselines on the benchmark.
Behavior of λ Bacteriophage in a Recombination Deficient Strain of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1967)

The behavior of lambda phage in the Rec(-) strain JC-1569 is compared with that in the Rec(+) strain JC-1557. No difference deemed significant was noted in the adsorption rate, latent period, burst size, frequency of lysogenization, and frequency of vegetative phage recombination. The location of the prophage and its mode of insertion in the Rec(-) lysogen of wild-type lambda (lambda(+)) were inferred to be normal from the results of conjugational crosses. Spontaneous and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induction of lambda(+) were markedly reduced in the Rec(-) lysogen. On the other hand, thermal induction of a mutant lambda (lambdacI857) lysogen of the Rec(-) strain was not reduced and was only slightly affected by UV irradiation. Phage subject to inhibition by lambda immunity failed to multiply in UV-irradiated cells of the Rec(-) lambda(+) lysogen, whereas those not inhibited by this immunity did multiply. It was concluded that the failure of UV to induce lambda(+) in the Rec(-) lysogen was not due to damage to the prophage, but rather to the inability of the irradiated cells to respond by lifting immunity. Preliminary evidence indicates that a single mutation confers recombination deficiency and the inability to lift immunity after UV irradiation. Possible relationships between recombination and the lifting of immunity are enumerated.
Fast Hardware Construction and Refitting of Quantized Bounding Volume Hierarchies (2017)

Abstract There is recent interest in GPU architectures designed to accelerate ray tracing, especially on mobile systems with limited memory bandwidth. A promising recent approach is to store and traverse Bounding Volume Hierarchies (BVHs), used to accelerate ray tracing, in low arithmetic precision. However, so far there is no research on refitting or construction of such compressed BVHs, which is necessary for any scenes with dynamic content. We find that in a hardware‐accelerated tree update, significant memory traffic and runtime savings are available from streaming, bottom‐up compression. Novel algorithmic techniques of modulo encoding and treelet‐based compression are proposed to reduce backtracking inherent in bottom‐up compression. Together, these techniques reduce backtracking to a small fraction. Compared to a separate top‐down compression pass, streaming bottom‐up compression with the proposed optimizations saves on average 42% of memory accesses for LBVH construction and 56% for refitting of compressed BVHs, over 16 test scenes. In architectural simulation, the proposed streaming compression reduces LBVH runtime by 20% compared to a single‐precision build, and 41% compared to a single‐precision build followed by top‐down compression. Since memory traffic dominates the energy cost of refitting and LBVH construction, energy consumption is expected to fall by a similar fraction.
Epidemiology of Lower Extremity Stress Fractures in the United States Military (2016)

This investigation elucidates several nonmodifiable risk factors for stress fractures in the military and may inform screening measures to reduce this significant source of disability.
[Development of a method of polarization fluorescence immunoanalysis of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid]. (1994)

Immunoreagents were produced and a polarographic fluorescent immunoassay was developed for estimation of residual content of widely used herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid. The procedure is simple, accurate, specific and allowed one to measure 10 preparations within 7 min. The sample volume was 50 microliters and the minimal content of the substance estimated was 0.5 microgram/ml. This procedure may be used in screening quick tests of the herbicide concentration in sewage or in extracts from various sources.
Standing wave oscillators utilizing wave-adaptive tapered transmission lines (2005)

In this paper, we introduce a novel standing wave oscillator (SWO) utilizing standing-wave-adaptive tapered transmission lines. This structure enhances Q and lowers phase noise through loss-reducing shaping of the transmission line, such that it is adapted to the position-dependent amplitudes of standing waves. Measurements validate the advantages of the proposed technique. The phase noise of a MOS SWO with the tapered line is 5-10 dB less than that of a uniform-line MOS SWO over a wide range of offset frequencies, centered about 15 GHz. Demonstrating a valuable exploitation of standing wave properties, the novel design concept boosts the potential for the emergence of standing wave oscillators as a useful alternative to the traditional lumped LC oscillator.
A Digital PLL Based 2<sup>nd</sup>-Order Δ∑ Bandpass Time-Interleaved ADC (2018)

This paper presents a time-interleaved (TI) VCObased band-pass ADC with a second-order bandstop noise transfer function. The proposed ADC uses a digital phase-locked loop (PLL) based architecture and employs current starved ring-oscillator as integrator which provides inherent multi-bit quantization. Thus, the proposed band-pass ADC does not need op-amps for integration and consumes low power and area. The proposed ADC is designed in 65nm CMOS and Matlab and Spectre simulations were performed to characterize the ADC. The proposed ADC achieves 61dB SNDR while consuming 0.44mW and has a Walden FoM of 63fJ/conv. step.
The State of the Art of Rubber-Seal Technology (1987)

Abstract The understanding of the engineering fundamentals of rubber seals of all the various types has been developing gradually over the past two or three decades, but there is still much to understand, Tables V–VII summarize the state of the art. In the case of rubber-based gaskets, the field of high-temperature applications has scarcely been touched, although there are plans to initiate work in this area both in the U.S.A. at PVRC, and in the U.K., at BHRA. In the case of reciprocating rubber seals, a broad basis of theory and experiment has been developed, yet it still is not possible to design such a seal from first principles. Indeed, in a comparative series of experiments run recently on seals from a single batch, tested in different laboratories round the world to the same test procedure, under the aegis of an ISO working party, a very wide range of values was reported for leakage and friction. The explanation for this has still to be ascertained. In the case of rotary lip seals, theories and supporting evidence have been brought forward to support alternative hypotheses for lubrication and sealing mechanisms. None can be said to have become generally accepted, and it remains to crystallize a unified theory.
Fieldbus: more than a communication link (2004)

A virtual instrument alone is nonsensical. Measuring a voltage or a current with a multi-meter is much simpler, faster, and cheaper than using a virtual measurement environment. A dedicated instrument can perform more accurate and reliable measures than any virtual instrument. On the other hand, if a measurement is a combination of different data, if it has to be mathematically manipulated, or transmitted, or recorded, or displayed...for these situations, virtual instruments prove their worth. The concept can extend to virtual controllers. A hardware controller can easily implement a single PID control loop, but virtual devices are much more flexible in implementing multiple control strategies. Virtual devices give the best results when solving complex measurement and control tasks. Let's define the meaning of the two words that comprise virtual system. A system has specific characteristics: 1) integration of multiple actuators and sensors; 2) flexibility in defining the measurement or control target; 3) integration of different subsystems; 4) capacity of performing multiple tasks; and 5) interface with other systems. To summarize, when we speak of a virtual instrument, what we actually mean is "an instrument based on digital technology" that is a hardware platform, an operating system, and a development environment. In a sense, it may be preferable to speak of "intelligent systems" rather than of virtual systems. In the I&M world, the terms "intelligent" and "virtual" can roughly be considered synonyms. An instrument is intelligent if its human designer is intelligent. Innovation rests with the capacity of transforming physical principles into reliable field devices. The virtual instrument defined in the fieldbus profile is a representation that is necessary for interfacing the instrument with the data acquisition or control system, but it has nothing to do with the instrument itself. Through fieldbus it is possible to create a really distributed virtual measurement system. The instrument interface is virtual (digital and programmable), but the instrument itself is all but virtual.
Iodine-induced formation of bicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives from 1,5-cyclooctadiene (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIodine-induced formation of bicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives from 1,5-cyclooctadieneSakae Uemura, Shinichi Fukuzawa, Akio Toshimitsu, Masaya Okano, Hitoshi Tezuka, and Seiji SawadaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 2, 270–273Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00150a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00150a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views462Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction of a fluorescent spermine derivative with a nucleic acid polyion (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInteraction of a fluorescent spermine derivative with a nucleic acid polyionBennie R. Ware, James W. Klein, and Karl ZeroCite this: Langmuir 1988, 4, 2, 458–463Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00080a037https://doi.org/10.1021/la00080a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ON THE ACTION SPECTRA OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL DEPENDENCE OF THE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY (2000)

Summary. Analysis of the results obtained during the investigation of the photosynthetic oxygen evolution upon irradiation with short saturating flashes and of the widely accepted Kok’s model for the reactions leading to the oxygen production showed that the photosynthetic irradiance should be non-linear (quadratic or higher degree of dependence) under low irradiance. This non-linearity of the irradiance curves leads to several consequences on the action spectra of photosynthesis and particularly on the decrease of the quantum efficiency in the spectrum regions where pigment absorption is lower, as we demonstrated in our earlier investigations (Zeinalov, 1982; Maslenkova et al., 1994). An attempt for estimating the action spectra and spectral dependence of the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis in Scenedesmus acutus is presented using a polarographic oxygen rate electrode and irradiation with two light beams, one of them being continuous and the other one modulated. The obtained results show that after compensation of the initial non-linear part of the irradiance curves in the estimating of the action spectra and quantum efficiency of photosynthesis the values for the investigated parameters in the spectral regions with low absorbances increase significantly. Key words: action spectra of photosynthesis, “enhancement ” effect, irradiance dependence of photosynthesis, quantum efficiency, “red drop ” effect
Facile Entry to 4‐ and 5‐Hydroxybenzofuran and to Their Amino Derivatives (2006)

Abstract An innovative one‐step procedure for the synthesis of 4‐hydroxybenzofuran and an improved synthesis of 5‐hydroxybenzofuran is reported. Such compounds were also transformed into their amino derivatives via Smiles rearrangement with good to high overall yields.
Automatic identification and organization of index terms for interactive browsing (2001)

The potential of automatically generated indexes for information acces s has been recognized for several decades (e.g., Bush 1945 [2], Edmundson and Wyllys 1961 [4]), but the quantity of text and the ambiguity of natural language processing have made progress at this task more difficult than was originally foreseen. Recently, a body of work on development of interactive systems to support phrase browsing has begun to emerge (e.g., Anick and Vaithyanathan 1997 [1], Gutwin et al. [10], Nevill-Manning et al. 1997 [17], Godby and Reighart 1998 [9]). In this paper, we consider two issues related to the use of automatically identified phrases as index terms in a dynamic text browser (DTB), a user-centered system for navigating and browsing index terms: 1) What criteria are useful for assessing the usefulness of automatically identified index terms? and 2) Is the quality of the terms identified by automatic indexing such that they provide useful access to document content?
The utility of sensory and motor performance in discriminating LD and non-LD children (1999)

The Utility of Sensory and Motor Performance in Discriminating LD and Non
One‐Pot Tandem Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling and CH Activation Route to Thienoisoquinolines (2014)

Abstract Two experimental approaches to the synthesis of a scarcely reported biologically active thienoisoquinoline system are demonstrated. A 5‐step linear synthesis employing a palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative cross‐coupling and functionalization sequence allowed for the preparation of a diverse range of substituted thienoisoquinoline systems. Alternatively the palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative cross‐coupling and CH activation steps can be telescoped to produce a one‐pot reaction sequence that provides efficient access to aryl‐substituted thienoisoquinolines. magnified image