gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Induction Tomography: A Measuring System for Biological Tissues (1999)

A single-channel magnetic induction system operating at 10 MHz has been constructed. The system consists of an excitation coil and a sensing coil, between which different objects can be scanned. The eddy currents induced in the object cause perturbations in the sensed magnetic field, which are measured with a phase-sensitive detector with backing off of the signal to improve sensitivity. Scans were obtained for saline solutions with conductivities ranging from 0.001 to 6 Sm-1, encompassing the range for biological tissues. The imaginary part of the perturbation in the sensed magnetic field was found to be proportional to saline conductivity, consistent with theoretical prediction, and had a constant of proportionality of -1.2% per Sm-1. A filtered back-projection algorithm was used to generate tomographic images from the scans.
Applications of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Imaging, Detection and Therapy (2011)

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) are an emerging class of luminescent nanomaterials, exhibiting many advantages over conventional fluorophores, such as high signal-to-noise ratio and superior photostability. The near-infrared excitation wavelengths of these particles offer additional advantages such as deep tissue penetration and low photodamage to biological samples. In the last 5 years, with the advances in nanoparticles synthesis and modification technology, much research has been performed to exploit UCNs' advantages and integrate them into various biological applications. This review focuses on the recent developments of UCNs as imaging, detection and therapeutic tools, highlighting the respective strategies adopted.
Large-scale and drift-free surface reconstruction using online subvolume registration (2015)

Depth cameras have helped commoditize 3D digitization of the real-world. It is now feasible to use a single Kinect-like camera to scan in an entire building or other large-scale scenes. At large scales, however, there is an inherent challenge of dealing with distortions and drift due to accumulated pose estimation errors. Existing techniques suffer from one or more of the following: a) requiring an expensive offline global optimization step taking hours to compute; b) needing a full second pass over the input depth frames to correct for accumulated errors; c) relying on RGB data alongside depth data to optimize poses; or d) requiring the user to create explicit loop closures to allow gross alignment errors to be resolved. In this paper, we present a method that addresses all of these issues. Our method supports online model correction, without needing to reprocess or store any input depth data. Even while performing global correction of a large 3D model, our method takes only minutes rather than hours to compute. Our model does not require any explicit loop closures to be detected and, finally, relies on depth data alone, allowing operation in low-lighting conditions. We show qualitative results on many large scale scenes, highlighting the lack of error and drift in our reconstructions. We compare to state of the art techniques and demonstrate large-scale dense surface reconstruction 'in the dark', a capability not offered by RGB-D techniques.
Detection of group C rotavirus antigens and antibodies in animals and humans by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (1992)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed to detect group (gp) C rotavirus antigens and antibodies. Both assays were confirmed to be specific for gp C rotavirus by using serogroup A, B, and C rotaviruses; hyperimmune antisera to these serogroups of rotaviruses; and paired serum specimens from animals infected with gp C rotaviruses. The ELISA for antigen detection reacted not only with porcine gp C rotaviruses but also with human and bovine gp C rotaviruses. Following experimental challenge of gnotobiotic pigs with porcine gp C rotavirus, the virus was found by ELISA in all diarrheic feces. A high prevalence of antibodies to gp C rotaviruses was detected in sera from adult pigs (93 to 97%) and cattle (47 to 56%) in the United States and Japan. However, no antibody to gp C rotavirus was detected in the sera (n = 20) of adult horses in the United States. In human sera from Hokkaido, Japan, 3% of children and 13% of adults possessed antibody to gp C rotaviruses. These results suggest that the ELISA that we developed may be useful for surveying gp C rotavirus infections in animals and humans. On the basis of serology, gp C rotavirus infections are common in pigs and cattle in the United States and Japan, but they occur at lower levels in humans from the Hokkaido area of Japan.
A decision-feedback equalizer with selective time-reversal operation for high-rate indoor radio communication (2002)

The author discusses the use of a receiver with a time-reversal structure for improving the performance of a low-complexity decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) in slowly fading dispersive indoor radio environments. Time-reversal operation is done by storing each block of received signal samples in a buffer and reversing the sequential order of the signal samples in time prior to equalization. As a result, the equivalent channel impulse response as seen by the DFE becomes a time reverse of the actual channel impulse response. The author describes useful performance bounds for such a receiver and studies important topics, including optimum symbol and burst timing recovery, and the combined use of equalization and diversity reception. Simulation results for a proposed receiver implementation that incorporates the time-reversal concept are presented. It is shown that a DFE with a very short forward filter can be effectively used to eliminate the effects of multipath time dispersion up to several symbols in duration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dissociation constants of acetic acid and primary phosphate ion and standards for pH in 10, 20, and 40 wt % ethanol/water solvents at 25, 0, -5, and -10.degree.C (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDissociation constants of acetic acid and primary phosphate ion and standards for pH in 10, 20, and 40 wt % ethanol/water solvents at 25, 0, -5, and -10.degree.CRoger G. Bates, H. P. Bennetto, and Munessar. SankarCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 11, 1598–1601Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50061a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50061a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Theoretical prospects for high-temperature superconductors (1996)

Progress in the quest to understand the electronic basis for high-temperature superconductors is reviewed with emphasis on theories that make contact with experimental realities in copper oxides. Key anomalies, such as the unconventional strong damping of the electrons (or holes), are examined at a level suitable for non-specialists. Correlations of superconducting temperatures with the damping are drawn, in contrast to the insensitivity of to the electron density of states. Infrared conductivity, the Hall effect, spin susceptibility, Raman spectra, NMR relaxation, the Knight shift and the microwave surface resistance of cuprates are considered, together with possible theoretical explanations. The nested Fermi liquid theory is compared to typical experimental data on cuprates. Mechanisms for high-temperature superconductivity are discused in the context of growing evidence for an energy gap with d-wave symmetry in the high- materials, whose magnitude is much larger than conventional theories predict. Relevant spin fluctuation concepts for d-wave pairing are reviewed. Other oxides are related to more traditional theories, including the BCS model of electron - phonon coupling and polarons. Novel states, such as holons and spinons, spin bags and anyons are discussed and guides to calculations for t - J models and Monte Carlo simulations are presented. Future challenges for field theory, as well as experimental probes at high pressure, are suggested.
Mechanism of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-mediated regulation of coronary artery contractility (2011)

We previously identified glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) as a regulator of vascular smooth muscle contraction. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that G6PD activated by KCl via a phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)-protein kinase C (PKC) pathway increases vascular smooth muscle contraction and that inhibition of G6PD relaxes smooth muscle by decreasing intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) and Ca(2+) sensitivity to the myofilament. Here we show that G6PD is activated by membrane depolarization via PKC and PTEN pathway and that G6PD inhibition decreases intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) in vascular smooth muscle cells and thus arterial contractility. In bovine coronary artery (CA), KCl (30 mmol/l) increased PKC activity and doubled G6PD V(max) without affecting K(m). KCl-induced PKC and G6PD activation was inhibited by bisperoxo(pyridine-2-carboxyl)oxovanadate (Bpv; 10 μmol/l), a PTEN inhibitor, which also inhibited (P < 0.05) KCl-induced CA contraction. The G6PD blockers 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN; 1 mmol/l) and epiandrosterone (EPI; 100 μmol/l) inhibited KCl-induced increases in G6PD activity, [Ca(2+)](i), Ca(2+)-dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, and contraction. Relaxation of precontracted CA by 6AN and EPI was not blocked by calnoxin (10 μmol/l), a plasma membrane Ca(2+) ATPase inhibitor or by lowering extracellular Na(+), which inhibits the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX), but cyclopiazonic acid (200 μmol/l), a sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase inhibitor, reduced (P < 0.05) 6AN- and EPI-induced relaxation. 6AN also attenuated phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) at Ser855, a site phosphorylated by Rho kinase, inhibition of which reduced (P < 0.05) KCl-induced CA contraction and 6AN-induced relaxation. By contrast, 6AN increased (P < 0.05) vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation at Ser239, indicating that inhibition of G6PD increases PKA or PKG activity. Inhibition of PKG by RT-8-Br-PET-cGMPs (100 nmol/l) diminished 6AN-evoked VASP phosphorylation (P < 0.05), but RT-8-Br-PET-cGMPs increased 6AN-induced relaxation. These findings suggest G6PD inhibition relaxes CA by decreasing Ca(2+) influx, increasing Ca(2+) sequestration, and inhibiting Rho kinase but not by increasing Ca(2+) extrusion or activating PKG.
In Vitro Sensitivity to Acyclovir in Genital Herpes Simplex Viruses from Acyclovir-Treated Patients (1983)

Genital isolates of herpes simplex virus (HSV) from patients given acyclovir or placebo were tested in vitro for sensitivity to acyclovir. Isolates obtained before therapy were sensitive to acyclovir concentrations of 0.01-19 micrograms/ml, with 86 of 97 isolates inhibited by less than 1 microgram/ml. Before therapy, six patients had isolates of HSV type 2 with ID50 values (concentrations of drug reducing viral cytopathic effect by 50%) of greater than 3 micrograms/ml. Plaque purification revealed mixed populations of virus; some clones were associated with high and some with low rates of acyclovir phosphorylation. Sensitivity to acyclovir decreased in isolates obtained after therapy from four of 25 patients given acyclovir and three of 30 patients given placebo. The occurrence of this change with similar frequency in the two groups suggests that factors other than the use of acyclovir influence the in vitro sensitivity of clinical HSV isolates to this agent. In one patient in whom an acyclovir-resistant, thymidine kinase-negative strain of HSV type 2 emerged during therapy, infection subsequently recurred. The isolate responsible for the recurrence was sensitive to acyclovir and had a high level of acyclovir-phosphorylating activity.
A Formal Approach to Ontology-Based Semantic Match of Skills Descriptions. (2003)

Abstract: Skills management has been recently acknowledged as one of the key factors to adequately face the increasing competitiveness between knowledge intensive companies. In this paper we present a formal approach to Ontology-Based Semantic Matchmaking between Skills demand and supply, devised as a virtual marketplace of knowledge. In such a knowledge market metaphor, skills are a peculiar kind of good that has distinguishing characteristics with respect to traditional assets. Buyers are entities that need the skills of people, such as projects, departments and organizations; sellers are workers that offer their own skills. The formal framework supports the semantic match of descriptions provided by demanders and sellers of skills. In particular our approach, based on Description Logics formalization and reasoning, overcomes simple subsumption matching and allows match ranking and categorization. The implementation of the approach in a prototype system, which embeds a NeoClassic reasoner, is also described. 1
Replica-molded electro-optic polymer Mach–Zehnder modulator (2004)

A Mach–Zehnder electro-optic polymer amplitude modulator is fabricated by a simple and high-throughput soft-stamp replica-molding technique. The modulator structure incorporates the highly nonlinear and stable chromophore, AJL8, doped in amorphous polycarbonate. Single-arm phase-retardation results in a halfwave voltage (Vπ) of 8.4V at 1600nm. The on/off extinction ratio is better than 19 dB, resulting from precise Y-branch power splitters and good waveguide uniformity. These results indicate that the simple fabrication process allows for good optical performance from high-fidelity replicas of the original master devices.
A novel FET structure of buried plated heat sink for superior high performance GaAs MMICs (2002)

A novel FET structure with buried plate heat sink is proposed which gives higher power output and power added efficiency with easy wafer and chip handling. The substrate thickness is extremely thin (30 mu m) with a 70- mu m-thick gold-plated heat sink for the FET region, and it is 100- mu m for the remaining part of the chip. The buried plated heat sink FET with a gate width of 350 mu m provides a superior low thermal resistance of 16 degrees C/W, a power output as high as 27.9 dBm with an excellent power added efficiency of 32% at 1-dB compression point, and a linear power gain of 8.3 dB at 18 GHz. The fabrication technique, the structural reliability, the thermal resistance, and the RF performances of the newly developed FETs are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of biologically active derivatives of D-glucosamine-4-phosphate and 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4,6-disulfate. (1990)

New 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4-phosphate and 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4,6-disulfate derivatives were synthesized. The 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4,6-disulfate derivative showed antiviral activity against HIV.
Field Validation of the New Miniature Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System (mVACES) (2006)

Recently a new compact aerosol concentration enrichment system was developed at the University of Southern California, specifically intended to provide particle-laden air at flow rates and pressures suitable for interfacing with on-line continuous aerosol instrumentation for chemical analysis such as mass spectrometers. The re-design and engineering of the miniature Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System (mVACES) and primarily laboratory-based validation of the individual components and overall system has been previously reported (Geller et al. 2005). From September to December 2005, a field performance validation study of the mVACES was conducted in Los Angeles, California at a mixed urban site influenced by both freeway traffic and construction. A variety of continuous and semi-continuous physical and chemical composition measurements were performed to assess the performance of the mVACES compared to accepted methods for validation. Near-ideal performance for aerosol concentration enhancement by the mVACES was observed for mass and number distribution with minimal evidence for distortion of the size distribution. Similarly, near-ideal concentration enhancement factors were observed for both inorganic and organic species suggesting that the mVACES works equally well across the range of externally mixed urban aerosol. The data suggest that aerosol concentration enhancements up to an ideal factor of 20 in a delivered flow on the order of 1.5 liters min–1 are readily achievable in an urban environment for the ambient conditions studied. © 2006 Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC.
PREPARATION OF MICRO AND NANOSTRUCTURES OF CHITOSAN BY ULTRASONIC COALESCENCE OF W/O EMULSIONS (2013)

In the paper, the preeliminary study of chitosan micro and nanospheres precipitation due to two reverse emulsions (W/O) coalescence is described. The composition conditions, which must be filled to obtain stable reverse emulsion is pointed out. Furthermore, the parameters of ultrasonic emulsification and coalescence technique are presented and finally, morphological study of obtained micro and nanospheres are discussed.
The Chemistry of Pseudomonic Acid. 18. Heterocyclic Replacement of the α,β-Unsaturated Ester:  Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Antibacterial Activity (1997)

The electronic requirements around the C1-C3 region of pseudomonic acid analogues were investigated. Synthetic routes were developed to access a range of compounds where the alpha, beta-unsaturated ester moiety had been replaced by a 5-membered ring heterocycle. The inhibition of isoleucyl tRNA synthetase from Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 was determined as was the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the test compounds against that organism. Compounds possessing a region of electrostatic potential corresponding to that of the carbonyl group in the alpha, beta-unsaturated ester, and a low-energy unoccupied molecular orbital in the region corresponding to the double bond, were found to have IC50 values of 0.7-5.3 ng mL-1. However the MIC values of these compounds were in the range 2.0-8.0 micrograms mL-1, reflecting their poorer penetration into the bacterial cell.
Hyper‐Raman spectroscopy (1990)

Abstract Recent experimental and theoretical developments in spontaneous hyper‐Raman spectroscopy (HRS) are reported. The scope of the general review of HRS presented summarizes the results of this non‐linear scattering technique during the past 10 years. In particular, those aspects of HRS studies which allow novel observations as compared with other spectroscopic techniques are emphasized. HRS investigations of crystals, liquids and surface and electronic resonance enhancement are highlighted.
On the Concentration of Radioimmunoassayable FSH Circulating in Blood Throughout Human Pregnancy (1970)

THE PERIODIC renascence of interest in follicle stimulating activity (FSA) of human chorionic gonadotrophin preparations has recently recurred in consequence to A) recent immunobiologic evaluations of the FSA of HCG (1), and B) a report of relatively high levels of radioimmunoassayable FSH, without variation, in the serum of women throughout pregnancy (2). However, in contrast to the latter reports of Faiman, Ryan et al. (2), Jaffe, Lee and Midgley (3) observed only low levels of radioimmunoassayable serum FSH at the time of inception of pregnancy. Because of the marked discrepancy in results obtained by these 2 groups, each utilizing a different but “specific” radioimmunoassay for human FSH, we have re-evaluated serum FSH levels at the inception of and throughout the entire course of pregnancy, by means of our own radioimmunoassay for human FSH (4). Details of the radioimmunoassay techniques for measurement of LH-HCG and FSH utilized in the present study, and their application to the estimation of serum FSH and LH levels in a variety of normal and abnormal conditions, have been previously described (4, 5). It is emphasized that these techniques, evolved in our own laboratory, employed immunochemical reagents (i.e., antisera and highly purified antigens) different from those of the 2 groups referred to above (2, 3).
Comparison of the <i>illumi</i> gene Mycoplasma DNA Amplification Assay and Culture for Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (2014)

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system, the illumigene Mycoplasma DNA amplification assay (Meridian Bioscience, Inc., Cincinnati, OH) was evaluated to determine its analytical sensitivity, specificity, and clinical application in comparison to historic culture in a collection of archived respiratory specimens. The illumigene limit of detection was ≤88 CFU/reaction for 10 Mycoplasma pneumoniae reference strains. This assay correctly identified 36 M. pneumoniae reference strains and clinical isolates from various geographic origins, including both of the main subtypes. No cross-reactions were detected with other mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, other bacterial species, viruses, yeasts, or human DNA. Among 214 respiratory specimens previously cultured for M. pneumoniae, when real-time PCR with bidirectional sequencing of the PCR products was used to resolve discrepancies, the sensitivity was 22 of 22 (100%) and the specificity was 190 of 192 (99%). This commercial LAMP assay is a useful rapid method for detecting M. pneumoniae in clinical specimens. Additional prospective clinical trials with direct comparison to culture and PCR are warranted.
Automatic logging of operating system effects to guide application-level architecture simulation (2006)

Modern architecture research relies heavily on application-level detailed pipeline simulation. A time consuming part of building a simulator is correctly emulating the operating system effects, which is required even if the goal is to simulate just the application code, in order to achieve functional correctness of the application's execution. Existing application-level simulators require manually hand coding the emulation of each and every possible system effect (e.g., system call, interrupt, DMA transfer) that can impact the application's execution. Developing such an emulator for a given operating system is a tedious exercise, and it can also be costly to maintain it to support newer versions of that operating system. Furthermore, porting the emulator to a completely different operating system might involve building it all together from scratch.In this paper, we describe a tool that can automatically log operating system effects to guide architecture simulation of application code. The benefits of our approach are: (a) we do not have to build or maintain any infrastructure for emulating the operating system effects, (b) we can support simulation of more complex applications on our application-level simulator, including those applications that use asynchronous interrupts, DMA transfers, etc., and (c) using the system effects logs collected by our tool, we can deterministically re-execute the application to guide architecture simulation that has reproducible results.