gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formaldehyde Bis-(β-ethoxyethyl) and Bis-[β-(β-ethoxyethoxy)-ethyl]-acetal (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormaldehyde Bis-(β-ethoxyethyl) and Bis-[β-(β-ethoxyethoxy)-ethyl]-acetalM. SulzbacherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 6, 2795–2796Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01162a535https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01162a535research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Altered pattern of TCR/CD3-mediated protein-tyrosyl phosphorylation in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Deficient expression of the T cell receptor zeta chain. (1998)

Cellular immunity aberrations in patients with SLE are underscored by the abnormal early Ag receptor-mediated lymphocyte signal transduction pathway. To further characterize the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3-initiated signaling defects, we studied 22 patients with SLE, 12 patients with other systemic rheumatic diseases, and 14 normal donors. The early (1 min) TCR/CD3-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins with a molecular size between 36 and 64 kD was increased in 15 of 21 SLE patients, compared to normal or disease control subjects. The deficiency or absence of a band with a molecular size of 16 kD in the immunoblots of SLE patients led us to investigate the expression of the TCR chain. In immunoblots using antiantibodies we found that 10 of 22 lupus patients tested lacked the expression of TCR , which was always present in control subjects ( P 0.001). Flow cytometric studies using permeabilized cells confirmed the deficiency or absence of the TCR chain in lupus T cells. Using Northern blots we found that for eight patients tested, the TCR mRNA was missing in three, decreased in three, and apparently normal in two patients ( P 0.003), but was always present in control subjects. Reverse transcriptase-PCR verified Northern blot results. We conclude that TCR chain expression is either decreased or absent in the majority of patients with SLE, but not in patients with other systemic rheumatic diseases, regardless of disease activity, treatment status, or clinical manifestations. The previously described increases in TCR-initiated Ca 2 responses and the herein described increases in TCR-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and deficient TCR expression may represent intrinsic defects modulating lupus T cell function. (
Assistierte klinische Langzeitperfusionen mit der BRAMSON-Membranlunge. Technik und Probleme (1973)

Article Assistierte klinische Langzeitperfusionen mit der BRAMSON-Membranlunge. Technik und Probleme was published on January 1, 1973 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 18, issue s1).
Distribution System Analysis and the Future Smart Grid (2011)

The “smart grid” refers to various efforts to modernize the power grid through the application of alternate sources of energy and intelligent devices. The present national interest in smart grid applications has generated many questions concerning the role of distribution engineering in the future. What features do utility engineers need in distribution system analysis tools to support the future smart grid? This paper will discuss some relevant Electric Power Research Institute research in this area that focuses on selected issues related to smart grid analysis relevant to rural utilities. The essential characteristics of distribution system analysis tools to support analysis of these issues are discussed.
Energy efficiency of adiabatic superconductor logic (2014)

Adiabatic superconductor logic (ASL), including adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) logic, exhibits high energy efficiency because its bit energy can be decreased below the thermal energy through adiabatic switching operations. In the present paper, we present the general scaling laws of ASL and compare the energy efficiency of ASL with those of other energy-efficient logics. Also, we discuss the minimum energy-delay product (EDP) of ASL at finite temperature. Our study shows that there is a maximum temperature at which the EDP can reach the quantum limit given by ħ/2, which is dependent on the superconductor material and the Josephson junction quality, and that it is reasonable to operate ASL at cryogenic temperatures in order to achieve an EDP that approaches ħ/2.
Synthesis, x-ray crystal structures, and cation-binding properties of alkyl calixaryl esters and ketones, a new family of macrocyclic molecular receptors (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, x-ray crystal structures, and cation-binding properties of alkyl calixaryl esters and ketones, a new family of macrocyclic molecular receptorsFrancoise Arnaud-Neu, Elizabeth M. Collins, Mary Deasy, George Ferguson, Stephen J. Harris, Branko Kaitner, Alan J. Lough, M. Anthony McKervey, Elizabeth Marques, and Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 23, 8681–8691Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00205a018Request reuse permissionsArticle Views3114Altmetric-Citations441LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Visualising Conversation Structure across Time: Insights into Effective Doctor-Patient Consultations (2012)

Effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients is critical to patients' health outcomes. The doctor/patient dialogue has been extensively researched from different perspectives, with findings emphasising a range of behaviours that lead to effective communication. Much research involves self-reports, however, so that behavioural engagement cannot be disentangled from patients' ratings of effectiveness. In this study we used a highly efficient and time economic automated computer visualisation measurement technique called Discursis to analyse conversational behaviour in consultations. Discursis automatically builds an internal language model from a transcript, mines the transcript for its conceptual content, and generates an interactive visual account of the discourse. The resultant visual account of the whole consultation can be analysed for patterns of engagement between interactants. The findings from this study show that Discursis is effective at highlighting a range of consultation techniques, including communication accommodation, engagement and repetition.
Practical Synthesis of 8α-Amino-2,6-dimethylergoline:  An Industrial Perspective (1997)

8α-Amino-2,6-dimethylergoline is the key intermediate for the synthesis of a number of ergot derivatives under clinical development. They are structurally related to the better known lysergic acid and its derivative, the diethylamide (LSD). The use of lysergic acid or its isomer, paspalic acid, both of which are readily available by fermentation on an industrial scale, as a starting material for the synthesis of 8α-amino-2,6-dimethylergoline appears to be the obvious choice as the basic structural elements already exist. Whereas the transformation of the acid function to the amino moiety proceeded under well-established conditions, the introduction of the single methyl group posed a major challenge to the industrial chemist. Various methodologies are available to solve this problem, and the approach that involves direct metalation and methylation is found to be most suitable for up-scaling to multiton quantities. The importance of using on-line monitoring techniques (FT-IR) in process research and development will be exemplified by this report.
Application of channel matched filters and direct coefficients calculation for low complexity high bit rate equalisation (1996)

For high data rate mobile communication systems, because of the channel time-delay-spread, the equalisers are critical for combating inter-symbol-interference (ISI). The required time for equalisation training is one of the main limitations affecting the data rate and throughput. This study introduces a new method for equalisation using a channel matched filter (CMF) which combines a speed of coefficient calculation comparable with the simple least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm, with an equaliser filter performance which can exceed that of the recursive-least squares (RLS) algorithm. Synchronisation, channel tracking and frequency offset problems are also considered
Mutagenic Tests Confirm That New Acetylacetonate Pt(II) Complexes Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Interacting with Nongenomic Biological Targets (2011)

New platinum(II) complexes [PtCl(O,O'-acac)(L)] (1) and [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(L)] (2) (L = DMSO, a; DMS, b) containing a single chelated (O,O'-acac) (1), or one chelated and one σ-bonded (γ-acac) acetylacetonate (2) have been synthesized. The new Pt(II) complexes exhibited high in vitro cytotoxicity on cisplatin sensitive and resistant cell lines and showed negligible reactivity with nucleobases (Guo and 5'-GMP) but selective substitution of DMSO/DMS with soft biological nucleophiles, such as L-methionine. In order to assess the ability of the new complexes with respect to cisplatin to induce apoptosis by interaction with nongenomic targets, the Ames' test, a standard reverse mutation assay, was carried out on two Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98 and TA100). Interestingly, the new complexes did not show the well-known mutagenic activity exhibited by cisplatin and are, therefore, able to activate apoptotic pathways without interacting with DNA.
DI-TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDI-TERTIARY BUTYL ETHERJ. L. E. Erickson and William H. AshtonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 6, 1769Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01851a512https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01851a512research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stem cells in cardiovascular disease: from cell biology to clinical therapy (2002)

Human life begins as a single fertilized cell. As adult human beings we are profoundly complex. This journey from single cell to complex being is attributable to the role of stem cells (i.e. cells that produce all the different types of cells and tissues that make up the human body). Recent interest has focused on the development of stem cells as a therapeutic option in the treatment of disease. Due to their ability both to replace and/or repair damaged tissue, stem cell therapy provides an ideal means to improve therapy for cardiac disorders associated with heart muscle injury. In particular, pre-clinical studies in animal models of acute myocardial infarction have shown great promise for both repairing damaged cardiac muscle and generating new blood vessel formation in the infarcted area. Stem-cell research therefore holds great therapeutic potential and is relevant, not only to basic science researchers, but also to clinicians (who may need to consider such cell-based therapy in the future) and to their patients.
Multipath and Spoofing Detection Using Angle of Arrival in a Multi-Antenna System (2015)

This paper presents and validates a proposed algorithm for the detection and exclusion of erroneous GPS signals using angle of arrival (AOA) of GPS signals and differential carrier phase measurements. First, the attitude of the instrumented vehicle is estimated using a multi-antenna GPS receiver. Once an attitude estimate has been established, it can be propagated forward between GPS measurements using an IMU in a GPS/INS extended Kalman filter (EKF). New measurements may then be checked for angle of arrival, with accepted measurements used to further estimate position and attitude. New attitude estimates are then propagated forward to repeat the checking stage of the algorithm. 
Results show that the proposed algorithm is a viable method of rejecting signals. Rejected signals are verified as multipath by plotting positioning solutions before and after signal removal on a map of the area the data was taken. Rejected signals are also verified by comparing the expected and measured pseudorange measurements over the periods of time before, during, and after a signal is rejected.
Rotavirus replication and the role of cellular lipid droplets: New therapeutic targets? (2016)

Rotaviruses (RVs) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. These viruses infect the villous epithelium of the small intestine. Part of their replication occurs in cytoplasmic inclusion bodies termed viroplasms. Viroplasms and the lipid droplets (LDs) of cellular organelles are known to interact both physically and functionally. Compounds interfering with the homoeostasis of LDs significantly decrease the production of infectious RV progeny. There is considerable scope for more detailed exploration of such compounds as potential antiviral agents for a disease for which at present no specific therapy exists.
Effects of flt3 ligand on acute myeloid and lymphocytic leukemic blast cells from children. (1996)

A ligand for the flt3 tyrosine kinase receptor (flt3R) has recently been cloned. Forty-three cases of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 27 cases of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were examined by flow cytometric analysis for cell-surface flt3R and proliferative response in vitro to flt3 ligand (flt3L). Flt3R was commonly expressed on the cell surface of leukemic cells from all AML subclasses and B-ALL, but we did not detect cell-surface flt3R on T-ALL. Flt3L alone induced the proliferation of the monocytic AML-M5 cells and some erythroleukemic AML-M6 cells. Some isolated instances of weak proliferative responses were also noted in other AML subclasses. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) alone inhibited the proliferation of a group of AML-M5 cells and, when combined with flt3L, suppressed the proliferative effect of flt3L. In general, B-ALL and T-ALL cells failed to respond to flt3L alone or in the presence of combinations of IL-2, IL-3, or IL-7.
Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Based on Box-Constrained Half-Quadratic Optimization (2020)

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) based on half-quadratic (HQ) functions was proven effective and robust when dealing with data contaminated by continuous occlusion according to the half-quadratic optimization theory. Nonetheless, state-of-the-art HQ NMF still cannot handle symmetric data matrices, and this caused problems when applications require processing symmetric matrices, e.g., similarity matrices. In view of such, this study presents HQ Symmetric NMF along with HQ optimization algorithms that can solve symmetric matrix decomposition and avoid oscillations during alternating updates. Moreover, variants of HQ Symmetric NMF are proposed and examined in this study - The direct method and the asymmetry penalty constrained method. Both show their distinct advantages. Experiments on open datasets were conducted for comparison with other methods. Experimental results showed that the proposed HQ Symmetric NMF was more robust against continuous occlusion than the baselines. Both root-mean-squared errors and coefficients of determination were better than those of the baselines, thereby demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed method.
The case for fan and pump motor speed control. (1992)

For many years buildings were designed to use standard plant and provide good operational conditions, without consideration of the efficient use of energy. This might have been acceptable when energy was cheap, but with rising energy costs, and recent government instruction to reduce consumption levels, it is necessary to actively consider plant running costs.
Growth and Structural Properties of InAlGaN Quaternary Alloys on Sapphire Substrates by RF-MBE (2006)

InAlGaN quaternary alloys were grown on nitrided sapphire, AlN nuclear layer and GaN layer by radio-frequency plasma-excited molecular beam epitaxy (RF-MBE). Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Rutherford back-scatter spectrometry (RBS), atomic-force microscopy (AFM) and high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) were used to characterize the InAlGaN alloys. Different buffer layers strongly affect the growth mode, indium content and depth distribution, surface morphology and crystal quality of InAlGaN quaternary alloys. The experimental results show that the InAlGaN film grown on GaN layer can acquire layer-by-layer growth mode, uniform indium deep distribution, flat surface with RMS of InAlGaN to be 2.2nm and smallest full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of InAlGaN (0002) peak to be 4.8 arcmin
Association of Cerebrospinal Fluid Deficiency of 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, but Not <i>S</i>-Adenosylmethionine, with Reduced Concentrations of the Acid Metabolites of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Dopamine (1994)

1. Folate deficiency, or inborn errors of folate metabolism, cause reduced turnover of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), and perhaps dopamine, in the central nervous system. The mechanism by which this occurs are not known. One possibility is that this is mediated by deficiency of the methyl-donor S-adenosylmethionine. 2. To test this in humans, we have measured cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid, metabolites of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine, respectively, in children with inborn errors of the methyl-transfer pathway. These children are naturally deficient in 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, S-adenosylmethionine or both before treatment, and replete with S-adenosylmethionine, but not necessarily with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, during treatment. 3. Children with subnormal cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate had significantly reduced concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid. Children with subnormal cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine did not have significantly reduced concentrations of these metabolites. 4. We conclude that the mechanism by which deficiency of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate causes reduced 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine turnover is unlikely to be mediated by S-adenosylmethionine.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of donepezil HCl following single oral doses (1998)

The pharmacokinetics of donepezil were found to be linear and dose proportional following the administration of single doses to healthy volunteers. A direct correlation was also observed between plasma donepezil concentrations and AChE inhibition. The extended half-life of donepezil makes it suitable for once-daily dosing.
PREVENTIVE NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY: INTERACTION BETWEEN SODIUM AND CALCIUM (1999)

1. It is generally believed, though difficult to prove, that diet plays a role in the risk of various diseases. Components of difficulties include several issues such as dietary assessment method, regression dilution bias, multicolinearity and interaction among nutrients. 2. The present study focuses on colinearity and interaction between sodium and calcium, which should be cautiously examined in nutritional epidemiological studies in relation to blood pressure and bone mineral density. 3. The World Health Organization's International Cooperative Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison study showed significant multicolinearity among urinary sodium, calcium and urea nitrogen as well as urinary calcium and magnesium. Urinary sodium and calcium had significant correlation (r = 0.438, P < 0.05, n = 48) by cross-centre analysis. 4. Interaction between sodium and calcium on bone mineral density is studied using the data set from bone mineral density screening for 1658 females, aged 20-40 years, in Yokohama, Japan. Among those who have lower calcium intake (< 600 mg/day), higher calcium intake (%) from small fish, which is likely to be associated with a high salt diet, related to significantly lower mineral bone density. 5. Interaction between sodium and calcium on bone mineral density among young Japanese females is suggested. Moderate sodium restriction is needed for prevention of not only cardiovascular diseases but also osteoporosis.