gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical characterization of cell-CAM 105, a cell-adhesion molecule isolated from rat liver membranes (1986)

Cell-CAM 105, a glycoprotein that is involved in recognition and adhesion between isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro, was purified to homogeneity by a combination of immunoaffinity chromatography, gel-exclusion chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. Electrophoretic, compositional and enzymic analyses were performed and the glycoprotein was shown to consist of two peptide chains, of apparent Mr 110,000 and 105,000 respectively, that are glycosylated to similar extents. Carbohydrate analyses demonstrated the presence of sialic acid, galactose, mannose, fucose and glucosamine, but no galactosamine, indicating that only N-linked oligosaccharides occurred. The total content of carbohydrate amounted to 33%. Peptide mapping indicated that the two peptide chains were structurally very similar. After incubation of cultured hepatocytes with [32P]Pi, phosphorylated cell-CAM 105 could be isolated. Both peptide chains were labelled and phospho-amino-acid analysis demonstrated that serine residues had become phosphorylated. A significant feature of cell-CAM 105 was a susceptibility to autolytic degradation that was difficult to inhibit. The major degradation products had apparent Mr 90,000 and 70,000, respectively. The effect of purified cell-CAM 105 on cell-cell adhesion of re-aggregating hepatocytes was studied. A significant inhibition was observed, indicating that the protein is directly involved in intercellular adhesion of these cells.
Dinuclear Ruthenium and Osmium Arene Trihydrido Complexes:  Versatile Water-Soluble Synthons in Organometallic Chemistry (2007)

Recent developments in the chemistry of dinuclear ruthenium arene complexes are reviewed. Although cationic ruthenium and osmium arene trihydrido complexes have been known for more than 20 years, little synthetic use has been made of these unsaturated molecules prior to the discovery of their hydrophilicity. Most salts of the dinuclear cations [(η6-arene)2M2(μ2-H)3]+ (M = Ru, Os) are soluble not only in polar organic solvents but also in water. The aqueous solutions can be handled without hydrolytic degradation. This property conditions these unsaturated complexes (with an electron count of only 30) to be versatile synthons in organometallic chemistry, especially in reactions carried out in water.
In-Depth Analysis of the Thylakoid Membrane Proteome of<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>Chloroplasts: New Proteins, New Functions, and a Plastid Proteome Database[W] (2004)

An extensive analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana peripheral and integral thylakoid membrane proteome was performed by sequential extractions with salt, detergent, and organic solvents, followed by multidimensional protein separation steps (reverse-phase HPLC and one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis gels), different enzymatic and nonenzymatic protein cleavage techniques, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics. Altogether, 154 proteins were identified, of which 76 (49%) were alpha-helical integral membrane proteins. Twenty-seven new proteins without known function but with predicted chloroplast transit peptides were identified, of which 17 (63%) are integral membrane proteins. These new proteins, likely important in thylakoid biogenesis, include two rubredoxins, a potential metallochaperone, and a new DnaJ-like protein. The data were integrated with our analysis of the lumenal-enriched proteome. We identified 83 out of 100 known proteins of the thylakoid localized photosynthetic apparatus, including several new paralogues and some 20 proteins involved in protein insertion, assembly, folding, or proteolysis. An additional 16 proteins are involved in translation, demonstrating that the thylakoid membrane surface is an important site for protein synthesis. The high coverage of the photosynthetic apparatus and the identification of known hydrophobic proteins with low expression levels, such as cpSecE, Ohp1, and Ohp2, indicate an excellent dynamic resolution of the analysis. The sequential extraction process proved very helpful to validate transmembrane prediction. Our data also were cross-correlated to chloroplast subproteome analyses by other laboratories. All data are deposited in a new curated plastid proteome database (PPDB) with multiple search functions (http://cbsusrv01.tc.cornell.edu/users/ppdb/). This PPDB will serve as an expandable resource for the plant community.
Progress and Prospect of the Growth of Wide-Band-Gap Group III Nitrides: Development of the Growth Method for Single-Crystal Bulk GaN (2013)

Thin films of III–V compound semiconductors such as GaAs and InP can be grown on native substrates, whereas such growth was difficult for group III nitride semiconductors. Despite this drawback, scientists have gradually become able to use the functions of group III nitride semiconductors by growing their thin films on non-native substrates such as sapphire and Si substrates. With the continuously increasing demand for the conservation and generation of energy, bulk substrates of group III nitride semiconductors are highly expected to maximize their potential. In this report, I review the current status of the growth methods for bulk GaN single crystals used for substrates as well as summarize the characteristics of blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs), and photovoltaic cells on GaN substrates.
Identifying Selective Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Substrates and Inhibitors from a Fluorogenic, Combinatorial Peptide Library (2008)

Protein tyrosine phosphatases are increasingly recognized as enzymes that exhibit exquisite substrate selectivity with important roles in cellular signaling, and have been identified as attractive therapeutic targets in human diseases including autoimmunity, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. A new approach was developed to rapidly and efficiently profile the substrate selectivity of protein tyrosine phosphatase and is described herein. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2008/z800046_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
<i>Fos</i> B mutant mice: Loss of chronic cocaine induction of Fos-related proteins and heightened sensitivity to cocaine’s psychomotor and rewarding effects (1997)

Chronic exposure to cocaine leads to prominent, long-lasting changes in behavior that characterize a state of addiction. The striatum, including the nucleus accumbens and caudoputamen, is an important substrate for these actions. We previously have shown that long-lasting Fos-related proteins of 35-37 kDa are induced in the striatum by chronic cocaine administration. In the present study, the identity and functional role of these Fos-related proteins were examined using fosB mutant mice. The striatum of these mice completely lacked basal levels of the 35- to 37-kDa Fos-related proteins as well as their induction by chronic cocaine administration. This deficiency was associated with enhanced behavioral responses to cocaine: fosB mutant mice showed exaggerated locomotor activation in response to initial cocaine exposures as well as robust conditioned place preference to a lower dose of cocaine, compared with wild-type littermates. These results establish the long-lasting Fos-related proteins as products of the fosB gene (specifically DeltaFosB isoforms) and suggest that transcriptional regulation by fosB gene products plays a critical role in cocaine-induced behavioral responses. This finding demonstrates that a Fos family member protein plays a functional role in behavioral responses to drugs of abuse and implicates fosB gene products as important determinants of cocaine abuse.
Microwave Assisted Extraction-An Innovative and Promising Extraction Tool for Medicinal Plant Research (2007)

In recent years, the use of microwave for extraction of constituents from plant material has shown tremendous research interest and potential. Conventional techniques for the extraction of active constituents are time and solvent consuming, thermally unsafe and the analysis of numerous constituents in plant material is limited by the extraction step. This review highlights the importance of extraction step in setting up respectable standards for herbal medicine worldwide. High and fast extraction performance ability with less solvent consumption and protection offered to thermolabile constituents are some of the attractive features of this new promising microwave assisted extraction (MAE) technique. A brief theoretical background of microwave heating and the basic principles of using microwave energy for extraction have been presented for better understanding. Discussions on the main parameters influencing the extraction efficiency (namely solvent nature and volume, extraction time, microwave power, matrix characteristics and temperature) and different statistical optimization strategies are also highlighted. Finally the potential applications of this new method with comparison of its performance to that of classical techniques are also elucidated.
Missing enzymes in the biosynthesis of the anticancer drug vinblastine in Madagascar periwinkle (2018)

Vinblastine, a potent anticancer drug, is produced by <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> (Madagascar periwinkle) in small quantities, and heterologous reconstitution of vinblastine biosynthesis could provide an additional source of this drug. However, the chemistry underlying vinblastine synthesis makes identification of the biosynthetic genes challenging. Here we identify the two missing enzymes necessary for vinblastine biosynthesis in this plant: an oxidase and a reductase that isomerize stemmadenine acetate into dihydroprecondylocarpine acetate, which is then deacetoxylated and cyclized to either catharanthine or tabersonine via two hydrolases characterized herein. The pathways show how plants create chemical diversity and also enable development of heterologous platforms for generation of stemmadenine-derived bioactive compounds.
Cytomegalovirus-Specific T Cell Immunity Is Maintained in Immunosenescent Rhesus Macaques (2011)

Although CMV infection is largely benign in immunocompetent people, the specific T cell responses associated with control of this persistent virus are enormous and must be maintained for life. These responses may increase with advanced age and have been linked to an "immune risk profile" that is associated with poor immune responsiveness and increased mortality in aged individuals. Based on this association, it has been suggested that CMV-specific T cell responses might become dysfunctional with age and thereby contribute to the development of immune senescence by homeostatic disruption of other T cell populations, diminished control of CMV replication, and/or excess chronic inflammation. In this study, we use the rhesus macaque (RM) model of aging to ask whether the quantity and quality of CMV-specific T cell responses differ between healthy adult RMs and elderly RMs that manifest hallmarks of immune aging. We demonstrate that the size of the CD4(+) and CD8(+) CMV-specific T cell pools are similar in adult versus old RMs and show essentially identical phenotypic and functional characteristics, including a dominant effector memory phenotype, identical patterns of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 production and cytotoxic degranulation, and comparable functional avidities of optimal epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells. Most importantly, the response to and protection against an in vivo CMV challenge were identical in adult and aged RMs. These data indicate that CMV-specific T cell immunity is well maintained in old RMs and argue against a primary role for progressive dysfunction of these responses in the development of immune senescence.
InAs<sub>1</sub><sub>-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>P<i><sub>x</sub></i> Nanowires for Device Engineering (2006)

We present the growth of homogeneous InAs(1-x)P(x) nanowires as well as InAs(1-x)P(x) heterostructure segments in InAs nanowires with P concentrations varying from 22% to 100%. The incorporation of P has been studied as a function of TBP/TBAs ratio, temperature, and diameter of the wires. The crystal structure of the InAs as well as the InAs(1-x)P(x) segments were found to be wurtzite as determined from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, temperature-dependent electrical transport measurements were performed on individual heterostructured wires to extract the conduction band offset of InAs(1-x)P(x) relative to InAs as a function of composition. From these measurements we extract a value of the linear coefficient of the conduction band versus x of 0.6 eV and a nonlinear coefficient, or bowing parameter, of 0.2 eV. Finally, homogeneous InAs(0.8)P(0.2) nanowires were shown to have a nondegenerate n-type doping and function as field-effect transistors at room temperature.
Immunoassay Analysis of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (1997)

Screening large numbers of urine samples for drugs of abuse is typically accomplished using immunoassays that allow for processing large numbers of samples without the requirement of sample preparation before analysis. Until fairly recently, screening of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in urine samples could only be accomplished by the use of radioimmunoassays (RIA). Recently, new nonisotopic immunoassays have been developed for the screening of samples for LSD. These assays lend themselves to rapid, high-volume, automated analysis compared with RIA procedures. In order to evaluate the current commercially available assays, samples prepared at known concentrations were tested by each of the assays. In addition, samples from known use of LSD were tested and the performance of each of the assays compared. The assays examined in this study included RIA assays from Roche Diagnostics (Abuscreen) and Diagnostic Products (coat-a-count) and nonisotopic assays from Roche (OnLine), Behring (EMIT), Boehringer Mannheim (CEDIA), and STC (Microplate EIA). Assays that could readily be carried out in a semiquantitative mode (determining concentration based on a calibration curve) were evaluated as to their relative response to the samples tested. All of the assays evaluated identified all of the samples which confirmed positive by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Likewise, each of the assays identified some samples which did not confirm as positive by GC-MS.
REVIEWS OF RECORDS (1958)

Journal Article REVIEWS OF RECORDS Get access RIEGGER: Romanza; Music for Orchestra. Orch. of the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, Rome, cond. Alfredo Antonini; Dance Rhythms. Oslo Philh. Orch., cond. Antonini. AVSHALOMOV: The Taking of T'ung Kuan. Oslo Philh. Orch., cond. Igor Buketoff. CAZDEN: Three Ballads from the Catskills. Oslo Philh. Orch., cond. Igor Buketoff. 12″. Composers Recordings, Inc. CRI-117. LAWRENCE MORTON LAWRENCE MORTON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume XLIV, Issue 2, April 1958, Pages 267–269, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/XLIV.2.267 Published: 01 April 1958
The long-overlooked enzymology of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-independent pathway for virulence-conferring siderophore biosynthesis (2009)

Siderophores are high-affinity ferric iron chelators biosynthesised and excreted by most microorganisms that play an important role in iron acquisition. Siderophore-mediated scavenging of ferric iron from hosts contributes significantly to the virulence of pathogenic microbes. As a consequence siderophore biosynthesis is an attractive target for chemotherapeutic intervention. Two main pathways for siderophore biosynthesis exist in microbes. One pathway involves nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) multienzymes while the other is NRPS-independent. The enzymology of NRPS-mediated siderophore biosynthesis has been extensively studied for more than a decade. In contrast, the enzymology of NRPS-independent siderophore (NIS) biosynthesis was overlooked for almost thirty years since the first genetic characterisation of the NIS biosynthetic pathway to aerobactin. However, the past three years have witnessed an explosion of interest in the enzymology of NIS synthetases, the key enzymes in the assembly of siderophores via the NIS pathway. The biochemical characterisation of ten purified recombinant synthetases has been reported since 2007, along with the first structural characterisation of a synthetase by X-ray crystallography in 2009. In this feature article we summarise the recent progress that has been made in understanding the long-overlooked enzymology of NRPS-independent siderophore biosynthesis, highlight important remaining questions, and suggest likely directions for future research.
Improvement in stability and convergence speed on normalized LMS algorithm (2002)

The normalized LMS algorithm is widely used because of its simplicity. However, this algorithm behaves unstably when all elements of an input vector is very small. This property is caused by the division in the procedure of the normalized LMS algorithm. One of the modifications on this problem is taken that coefficients of the adaptive filter are not updated when a norm of an input vector is smaller than a threshold. This paper shows effects of interrupting adaptive filter's coefficients update by the threshold derived from the error analysis. Also, it presents the guarantee value and the stochastic fastest convergence step gain.
Real-time simulation of a PMSM drive in faulty modes with validation against an actual drive system (2009)

This paper presents real-time simulation results of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) Drive in faulty and non-standard modes and validates these against an actual industrial PMSM drive system. The paper will put emphasis on the test of special and faulty modes in PMSM drives. Results of real-time simulation of a PMSM drive with an open phase and in passive mode (with all IGBTs switched off) will be presented. These working modes are usually difficult to simulate in real-time because of the fixed-causality models used in the real-time simulator.
Circulating Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Normal or Elevated Aminotransferase before and after Alpha-Interferon Treatment (2003)

This study shows that circulating ICAM-1 levels in most patients with CH-C and persistently normal aminotransferase are higher than those in a control group and the fact that ICAM-1 molecules are also expressed on the hepatocyte membrane suggests that they could play an important role, in association with other molecules, in the intercellular adhesion processes during the induction and maintenance phases of the immune response. In both groups, only patients responding to alpha-IFN therapy showed a marked decrease in serum ICAM-1 below baseline values.
DW2008S and its major constituents from <i>Justicia procumbens</i> exert anti‐asthmatic effect via multitargeting activity (2018)

Our previous study revealed that the ethanolic extract of Justicia procumbens ameliorates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness in a mouse model of asthma. However, the mechanism of action of the extract remains unknown. In this study, we prepared DW2008S, an optimized and standardized powder extracted from J. procumbens using anhydrous ethanol, and investigated its anti-asthmatic effect and mechanism of action. Our results showed that DW2008S contains two major ingredients, justicidin A (JA) and justicidin B (JB), which selectively inhibit T helper 2 (Th2) cell responses in concanavalin A-activated spleen cells and polarized Th2 cells. Blockade of T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domains (TIGIT) using a neutralizing antibody also selectively inhibited Th2 cell responses. Furthermore, DW2008S regulated TIGIT expression in the mice and cultured cells. Additionally, DW2008S and JA antagonized human adenosine receptor A<sub>3</sub> (A<sub>3</sub> AR), which mediates mast cell-dependent inflammation and bronchoconstriction. DW2008S and JB inhibited human phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), which is known to cause bronchoconstriction; however, the required concentrations were higher than those needed to affect TIGIT . These findings suggest that DW2008S can potentially ameliorate Th2-driven airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction through negative regulation of TIGIT and blockade of A<sub>3</sub> AR and PDE4 activities.
Epiglottitis: a disease of all ages. (1995)

Epiglottitis is an acute life-threatening infectious condition characterised by local supraglottic inflammation. Although it is predominantly a disease of childhood, it occurs in all age groups. The risk of sudden complete airway obstruction necessitates careful monitoring, prompt responses and clinical expertise in airway management.
Modulation of coherence and polarization using liquid crystal spatial light modulators (2009)

We propose a method for modulation of coherence and polarization of electromagnetic fields, employing two crossed zero-twisted nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulators. In contrast to a similar technique analyzed by Shirai and Wolf [J. Opt. Soc. Am A, 21, 1907, (2004)] our method provides a wide range simultaneous modulation of coherence and polarization. The dependence of the obtained results on different definitions of electromagnetic coherence is considered.
Hypothermia in Surgery (1955)

SWAN, HENRY M.D.; VURTUE, ROBERT W. M.D.; BLOUNT, S. GILBERT Jr. M. D.; KURCHER, LORENCE T. JR. M.D. Author Information
Coverage and quality of maternal and child health services at subcentre level. (2001)

Research question: What is the level of coverage and quality of cardinal maternal and child health services at the level of subcentre? Objective: To assess the coverage and quality of maternal and child health services at the subcentre level. Setting: Rural area. Study design: Cross-sectional. Sample size: Ten functional subcentres 500 mothers having children between 1-2 years of age randomly selected from ten subcentres. Study variables: Antenatal care delivery practices postnatal care contraception immunization and management of diseases in young children. Results: Ten functional subcentres could achieve impressive coverage level of 95% in respect of antenatal registration tetanus toxoid to pregnant women fully immunized children and deliveries by trained personnel and vitamin-A prophylaxis (first dose). Distressingly low level of coverage of iron and folic acid (5.8%) postnatal care (4.4%) and only 28% of antenatals had three check-ups at subcentre. Quality of antenatal care was graded as excellent in one and good or poor in remaining nine subcentres. Immunization and delivery services were graded as excellent in all the ten subcentres but postnatal care new born care and contraceptive services were graded as poor in all the subcentres. Diarrhoea management was graded as excellent in one subcentre area while nine of the subcentres were put in the category of good or poor. Similarly ARI management was considered excellent in 5 subcentres good in 4 subcentres and poor in one subcentre area. (authors)