gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
46.2: <i>Invited Paper</i> : Micron‐Patterned Deposition through Shadow masks with high precision alignment for OLED and e‐Paper applications (2013)

Abstract Conventional shadow‐mask alignment using mechanical pins or machine‐vision techniques achieve 5 micron alignment accuracy. Here we introduce a novel alignment system‐architecture based on coded apertures along with discrete photo detectors as the sensing elements. It allows submicron accuracy and repeatability making it highly suitable for display manufacturing applications.
An Empirically-Derived Taxonomy of Interaction Primitives for Interactive Cartography and Geovisualization (2013)

Proposals to establish a 'science of interaction' have been forwarded from Information Visualization and Visual Analytics, as well as Cartography, Geovisualization, and GIScience. This paper reports on two studies to contribute to this call for an interaction science, with the goal of developing a functional taxonomy of interaction primitives for map-based visualization. A semi-structured interview study first was conducted with 21 expert interactive map users to understand the way in which map-based visualizations currently are employed. The interviews were transcribed and coded to identify statements representative of either the task the user wished to accomplish (i.e., objective primitives) or the interactive functionality included in the visualization to achieve this task (i.e., operator primitives). A card sorting study then was conducted with 15 expert interactive map designers to organize these example statements into logical structures based on their experience translating client requests into interaction designs. Example statements were supplemented with primitive definitions in the literature and were separated into two sorting exercises: objectives and operators. The objective sort suggested five objectives that increase in cognitive sophistication (identify, compare, rank, associate, & delineate), but exhibited a large amount of variation across participants due to consideration of broader user goals (procure, predict, & prescribe) and interaction operands (space-alone, attributes-in-space, & space-in-time; elementary & general). The operator sort suggested five enabling operators (import, export, save, edit, & annotate) and twelve work operators (reexpress, arrange, sequence, resymbolize, overlay, pan, zoom, reproject, search, filter, retrieve, & calculate). This taxonomy offers an empirically-derived and ecologically-valid structure to inform future research and design on interaction.
<scp>l</scp> -Enantiomers of Transition State Analogue Inhibitors Bound to Human Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase (2007)

Human purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) was crystallized with transition-state analogue inhibitors Immucillin-H and DADMe-Immucillin-H synthesized with ribosyl mimics of l-stereochemistry. The inhibitors demonstrate that major driving forces for tight binding of these analogues are the leaving group interaction and the cationic mimicry of the transition state, even though large geometric changes occur with d-Immucillins and l-Immucillins bound to human PNP.
Interlaboratory Comparison of Assessments of Alzheimer Disease-Related Lesions: A Study of the BrainNet Europe Consortium (2006)

This interlaboratory study evaluated the reproducibility of the assessments of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs)--the hallmark lesions of Alzheimer disease--and compared the staining between the BrainNet Europe centers. To reduce the topography-related inconsistencies in assessments, we used a 2-mm tissue microarray (TMA) technique. The TMA block included 42 core samples taken from 21 paraffin blocks. The assessments were done on Bielschowsky and Gallyas silver stains using an immunohistochemical (IHC) method with antibodies directed to beta-amyloid (IHC/Abeta) and hyperphosphorylated tau (IHC/HPtau). The staining quality and the assessments differed between the participants, being most diverse with Bielschowsky (good/acceptable stain in 53% of centers) followed by Gallyas (good/acceptable stain in 57%) and IHC/Abeta (good/acceptable stain in 71%). The most uniform staining quality and assessment was obtained with the IHC/HPtau method (good/acceptable stain in 94% of centers). The neuropathologic diagnostic protocol (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer Disease, Braak and Braak, and the National Institute of Aging and Reagan [NIA-Reagan] Institute) that was used significantly influenced the agreement, being highest with NIA-Reagan (54%) recommendations. This agreement was improved by visualization of NFTs using the IHC/HPtau method. Therefore, the IHC/HPtau methodology to visualize NFTs and neuropil threads should be considered as a method of choice in a future diagnostic protocol for Alzheimer disease.
The mobile ATM LAN emulation protocol (2002)

We propose the mobile ATM LAN emulation protocol (MLE) which is an extension of the ATM Forum LAN emulation (LE) protocol. MLE provides a location independent access and allows user to move around within wired or wireless ATM LAN without interruption to the LE services. The proposed protocol takes advantage of the fact that VCCs used for LAN emulation are established and relinquished on demand. The MLE protocol terminates all the connections from the host at the beginning of a handoff and re-establishes them either at the end of the handoff or on demand. Thus, to the ATM LAN emulation network, a handoff appears identical to the termination of the LE connections due to the lack of traffic. The MLE protocol requires minimal extensions to the ATM LAN emulation protocol.
Systematic Parametrization of Divalent Metal Ions for the OPC3, OPC, TIP3P-FB, and TIP4P-FB Water Models (2020)

Divalent metal ions play important roles in biological and materials systems. Molecular dynamics simulation is an efficient tool to investigate these systems at the microscopic level. Recently, four new water models (OPC3, OPC, TIP3P-FB, and TIP4P-FB) have been developed and better represent the physical properties of water than previous models. Metal ion parameters are dependent on the water model employed, making it necessary to develop metal ion parameters for select new water models. In the present work, we performed parameter scanning for the 12-6 Lennard-Jones nonbonded model of divalent metal ions in conjunction with the four new water models as well as four previous water models (TIP3P, SPC/E, TIP4P, and TIP4P-Ew). We found that these new three-point and four-point water models provide comparable or significantly improved performance for the simulation of divalent metal ions when compared to previous water models in the same category. Among all eight water models, the OPC3 water model yields the best performance for the simulation of divalent metal ions in the aqueous phase when using the 12-6 model. On the basis of the scanning results, we independently parametrized the 12-6 model for 24 divalent metal ions with each of the four new water models. As noted previously, the 12-6 model still fails to simultaneously reproduce the experimental hydration free energy (HFE) and ion-oxygen distance (IOD) values even with these new water models. To solve this problem, we parametrized the 12-6-4 model for the 16 divalent metal ions for which we have both experimental HFE and IOD values for each of the four new water models. The final parameters are able to reproduce both the experimental HFE and IOD values accurately. To validate the transferability of our parameters, we carried out benchmark calculations to predict the energies and geometries of ion-water clusters as well as the ion diffusivity coefficient of Mg<sup>2+</sup>. By comparison to quantum chemical calculations and experimental data, these results show that our parameters are well designed and have excellent transferability. The metal ion parameters for the 12-6 and 12-6-4 models reported herein can be employed in simulations of various biological and materials systems when using the OPC3, OPC, TIP3P-FB, or TIP4P-FB water model.
Removing free-surface multiples from teleseismic transmission and constructed reflection responses using reciprocity and the inverse scattering series (2006)

Abstract We develop a new way to remove free-surface multiples from teleseismic P- transmission and constructed reflection responses. We consider two types of teleseismic waves with the presence of the free surface: One is the recorded waves under the real transmission geometry; the other is the constructed waves under a virtual reflection geometry. The theory presented is limited to 1D plane wave acoustic media, but this approximation is reasonable for the teleseismic P-wave problem resulting from the steep emergence angle of the wavefield. Using one-way wavefield reciprocity, we show how the teleseismic reflection responses can be reconstructed from the teleseismic transmission responses. We use the inverse scattering series to remove free-surface multiples from the original transmission data and from the reconstructed reflection response. We derive an alternative algorithm for reconstructing the reflection response from the transmission data that is obtained by taking the difference between the teleseismic transmission waves before and after free-surface multiple removal. Numerical tests with 1D acoustic layered earth models demonstrate the validity of the theory we develop. Noise test shows that the algorithm can work with S/N ratio as low as 5 compared to actual data with S/N ratio from 30 to 50. Testing with elastic synthetic data indicates that the acoustic algorithm is still effective for small incidence angles of typical teleseismic wavefields.
Unambiguous s-curve shaping for multipath mitigation for MBOC modulated signals in GNSS (2015)

A novel multipath mitigation algorithm for multiplex binary offset carrier (MBOC) signals in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is presented. Based on the W2 code correlation reference waveform (CCRW) structure, a series of bipolar reference waveform (BRW) are introduced to shape the unambiguous s-curve. The shaped s-curve has a single stable zero-crossing point, and the problem of unambiguous tracking in MBOC signals is solved. Multipath mitigation capability has also been improved. The proposed method matches the multipath mitigation performance of W2 CCRW. This method can be used in GPS L1 and Galileo E1.
Time series method for machine performance prediction using condition monitoring data (2014)

Accurate machine performance prediction is crucial to an effective maintenance strategy for improved reliability and to reduce total maintenance cost. In this study, a time series neural network based approach is introduced to achieve more accurate and reliable performance prediction of machine using condition monitoring data source. The proposed time series model utilizes the various measured condition monitoring data at the current and previous inspection marks as the inputs, and the machine output performance as the targets for the model. To validate the model, it considers a two-shaft industrial gas turbine as a case study. The collected condition monitoring data are used to train and validate the proposed model. Results showed that the proposed time series method could predict the performance of the gas turbine power output with more accuracy and better results.
ji yu dian zi shang wu de shu ju wa jue tan jiu (2008)

电子商务和数据挖掘受到了人们极大的关注.如何将数据挖掘应用于电子商务,成为企业共同关注的问题.本文中介绍了w曲挖掘的概念,并以Web日志挖掘为例,阐述了Web挖掘在电子商务中的挖掘方法,最后介绍了数据挖掘技术在电子商务中的应用.
Refractive index‐based determination of detergent concentration and its application to the study of membrane proteins (2005)

The concentration of detergent in membrane protein preparations can have a critical role on protein stability, function, and the potential for crystallization. Unfortunately, dialysis or protein concentration can lead to an unknown amount of detergent in the final membrane protein preparations. Here we present a method for the determination of detergent concentration based on refractive index of the detergent solution. This method was applied to quantitate the amount of detergent remaining in solution after concentration in various concentrators. We found that the ability of the tested detergents to pass through the molecular weight cutoff membrane correlates well with detergent micelle size. Therefore, the micelle size can be used as a rough guide to estimate the retention of a given detergent in various molecular weight cutoff concentrators. The refractive index method is exceptionally informative when coupled with size exclusion chromatography and light scattering, and can be used to determine the oligomeric state of the membrane protein, the size of a protein-associated micelle, as well as the amount and size of the unbound detergent micelle.
Evaluation of the parfait blanket concept for fast breeder reactors (1974)

and collision probability theory to infer the form of correlation, and then relying upon Monte Carlo calculations to establish absolute values of the correlation coefficients. It is shown that a simple linear prescription can be developed for the flux ratio as a function of only fuel optical thickness and the fraction of the slowing-down source generated by the coolant. This in turn permitted derivation of a new equivalence theorem relating the heterogeneous self-shielding factor to the homogeneous self-shielding factor at a modified value of the background scattering cross section per absorber nucleus. A simple version of this relation is developed and used to show that heterogeneity has a negligible effect on the calculated blanket breeding ratio in fast reactors.
A Quantitative Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules Using Halved Cells (2013)

In a silicon wafer-based photovoltaic (PV) module, significant power is lost due to current transport through the ribbons interconnecting neighbour cells. Using halved cells in PV modules is an effective method to reduce the resistive power loss which has already been applied by some major PV manufacturers (Mitsubishi, BP Solar) in their commercial available PV modules. As a consequence, quantitative analysis of PV modules using halved cells is needed. In this paper we investigate theoretically and experimentally the difference between modules made with halved and full-size solar cells. Theoretically, we find an improvement in fill factor of 1.8% absolute and output power of 90 mW for the halved cell minimodule. Experimentally, we find an improvement in fill factor of 1.3% absolute and output power of 60 mW for the halved cell module. Also, we investigate theoretically how this effect confers to the case of large-size modules. It is found that the performance increment of halved cell PV modules is even higher for high-efficiency solar cells. After that, the resistive loss of large-size modules with different interconnection schemes is analysed. Finally, factors influencing the performance and cost of industrial halved cell PV modules are discussed.
Efficiency improvement in thin-film solar cell devices with oxygen-containing absorber layer (2005)

The CdTe∕CdS solar cell devices were grown using a dry process consisting of sputtering for the transparent conducting oxide and CdS window layers, and close-space sublimation for CdTe absorber layer. These devices were back contacted using Mo∕Sb2Te3 sputtered layers following the CdCl2 activation process carried out in air. It was shown that when oxygen is intentionally introduced in the CdTe layer during its growth, this leads to a significant improvement in all the device parameters yielding an efficiency of 14% compared to 11.5% for devices fabricated in the same conditions but without intentional oxygen incorporation in CdTe. The data obtained were not altered following a light soaking. The devices were investigated by quantitative secondary ion mass spectrometry, which allowed insight into the distribution and amount of oxygen and chlorine within the entire device structure. Both impurities showed an increased concentration throughout the CdTe absorber layer.
Photon-counting compressive sensing laser radar for 3D imaging (2011)

We experimentally demonstrate a photon-counting, single-pixel, laser radar camera for 3D imaging where transverse spatial resolution is obtained through compressive sensing without scanning. We use this technique to image through partially obscuring objects, such as camouflage netting. Our implementation improves upon pixel-array based designs with a compact, resource-efficient design and highly scalable resolution.
Dendrotoxin-κ suppresses tumor growth induced by human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in nude mice (2011)

Voltage-gated K(+) (Kv) channels have been considered to be a regulator of membrane potential and neuronal excitability. Recently, accumulated evidence has indicated that several Kv channel subtypes contribute to the control of cell proliferation in various types of cells and are worth noting as potential emerging molecular targets of cancer therapy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the Kv1.1-specific blocker, dendrotoxin-κ (DTX-κ, on tumor formation induced by the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in a xenograft model. Kv1.1 mRNA and protein was expressed in A549 cells and the blockade of Kv1.1 by DTX-κ, reduced tumor formation in nude mice. Furthermore, treatment with DTX-κ significantly increased protein expression of p21(Waf1/Cip1), p27(Kip1), and p15(INK4B) and significantly decreased protein expression of cyclin D3 in tumor tissues compared to the control. These results suggest that DTX-κ has anti-tumor effects in A549 cells through the pathway governing G1-S transition.
Matrix nanotopography as a regulator of cell function (2012)

The architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) directs cell behavior by providing spatial and mechanical cues to which cells respond. In addition to soluble chemical factors, physical interactions between the cell and ECM regulate primary cell processes, including differentiation, migration, and proliferation. Advances in microtechnology and, more recently, nanotechnology provide a powerful means to study the influence of the ECM on cell behavior. By recapitulating local architectures that cells encounter in vivo, we can elucidate and dissect the fundamental signal transduction pathways that control cell behavior in critical developmental, physiological, and pathological processes.
Probleme Dayalı Öğrenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması (2010)

In this study, it wa s a imed to develop a sca le to determine the a ttitudes of students towa rds problem ba sed lea rning. Da ta wa s ga thered from two groups of students; the first group being comprised of 761 students from four medical schools and the second group being comprised of 810 students from one medical school. In the study, item-total correlation and difference of lower-upper group means based item analysis technique, t test, Kruskal Wallis analysis as well as factor analysis was used and Cronbach α coefficient was calculated. The reliability of the scale was found to be high (α= 0.95). In addition, the scale’s ability to distinguish students with different attitudes was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). In factor analysis of both studies, positive and negative items of the scale were found to assemble in two separate dimensions and to explain the major part (61.32% in the first study, 5 8.8 7 % in the second study) of the sca le’s tota l va riance. The results of the study indicate that the scale has good psychometric properties.
Identification of Potent, Selective, and Metabolically Stable Peptide Antagonists to the Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Receptor (2008)

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-residue neuropeptide that can be converted to a CGRP(1) receptor antagonist by the truncation of its first seven residues. CGRP(8-37), 1, has a CGRP(1) receptor K(i) = 3.2 nM but is rapidly degraded in human plasma (t(1/2) = 20 min). As part of an effort to identify a prolonged in vivo circulating CGRP peptide antagonist, we found that the substitution of multiple residues in the CGRP peptide increased CGRP(1) receptor affinity >50-fold. Ac-Trp-[Arg(24),Lys(25),Asp(31),Pro(34),Phe(35)]CGRP(8-37)-NH(2), 5 (K(i) = 0.06 nM) had the highest CGRP(1) receptor affinity. Using complimentary in vitro and in vivo metabolic studies, we iteratively identified degradation sites and prepared high affinity analogues with significantly improved plasma stability. Ac-Trp-[Cit(11,18),hArg(24),Lys(25),2-Nal(27,37),Asp(31),Oic(29,34),Phe(35)]CGRP(8-37)-NH(2), 32 (K(i) = 3.3 nM), had significantly increased (>100-fold) stability over 1 or 5, with a cynomolgus monkey and human in vitro plasma half-life of 38 and 68 h, respectively.
Measurement of tritium in atmospheric water vapor in taiwan after a thermonuclear detonation at lopnor. (1983)

A household dehumidifier was used to collect the moisture from air without the need of air pump and desiccants. The continuously collected water samples were enriched by alkaline electrolytic method and the concentration of tritium was measured by a liquid scintillation counting system. The minimum detectable concentration of this method was 30pCi/l·water (0.48pCi/m3·air) which is much lower than the enriched tritium concentration of the environmental air samples. To observe the influence of the 25th nuclear denotation of mainland China on the atmospheric tritium concentration of Taiwan, 73 samples were continuously collected and measured in Kaohsiung. Data showed that the variation of tritium concentrations in the atmosphere were in good agreement with the variation of meteorological conditions. This showed that the developed method was available and reliable for the measurement of tritium concentration in the atmospheric water vapor.
A Detailed Analytical Derivation of the GN Model of Non-Linear Interference in Coherent Optical Transmission Systems (2012)

Recently, a perturbative model of non-linear fiber propagation in uncompensated optical transmission systems has been proposed, called GN-model [1]. Here, an extended and more detailed version of the GN-model derivation [1] is reported, providing deeper insight into the model. Some straightforward generalizations of the model are also proposed.
Results of a whole genome scan targeting QTL for growth and carcass traits in a Pi�train � Large White intercross (2002)

We herein report the results of a whole genome scan performed in a Piétrain × Large White intercross counting 525 offspring to map QTL influencing economically important growth and carcass traits. We report experiment-wide significant lod scores (> 4.6 for meatiness and fat deposition on chromosome SSC2, and for average daily gain and carcass length on chromosome SSC7. Additional suggestive lod scores (> 3.3) for fat deposition are reported on chromosomes SSC1, SSC7 and SSC13. A significant dominance deviation was found for the QTL on SSC1, while the hypothesis of an additive QTL could not be rejected for the QTL on SSC7 and SSC13. No evidence for imprinted QTL could be found for QTL other than the one previously reported on SSC2.
An Improved Method for the Palladium Cross-Coupling Reaction of Oxazol-2-ylzinc Derivatives with Aryl Bromides (2003)

An improved and scalable procedure to couple ozaxole and thiazole to aryl halides has been demonstrated. The required organozinc reagents were prepared from the aryllithium and solid ZnCl2. These reagents have been successfully coupled to a variety of aryl bromides and aryl iodides in good to excellent yields.