gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced PDEF Expression Increases Invasion and Expression of Mesenchymal Genes in Prostate Cancer Cells (2007)

The epithelium-specific Ets transcription factor, PDEF, plays a role in prostate and breast cancer, although its precise function has not been established. In prostate cancer, PDEF is involved in regulating prostate-specific antigen expression via interaction with the androgen receptor and NKX3.1, and down-regulation of PDEF by antiproliferative agents has been associated with reduced PDEF expression. We now report that reduced expression of PDEF leads to a morphologic change, increased migration and invasiveness in prostate cancer cells, reminiscent of transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) function and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Indeed, inhibition of PDEF expression triggers a transcriptional program of genes involved in the TGFbeta pathway, migration, invasion, adhesion, and epithelial dedifferentiation. Our results establish PDEF as a critical regulator of genes involved in cell motility, invasion, and adhesion of prostate cancer cells.
Angiogenic Effects of Adrenomedullin in Ischemia and Tumor Growth (2004)

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a novel vasodilating peptide involved in the regulation of circulatory homeostasis and implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that AM also possesses angiogenic properties. Using laser Doppler perfusion imaging, we found that AM stimulated recovery of blood flow to the affected limb in the mouse hind-limb ischemia model. AM exerted this effect in part by promoting expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ischemic limb, and immunostaining for CD31 showed the enhanced flow to reflect increased collateral capillary density. By enhancing tumor angiogenesis, AM also promoted the growth of subcutaneously transplanted sarcoma 180 tumor cells. However, heterozygotic AM knockout mice (AM+/-) showed significantly less blood flow recovery with less collateral capillary development and VEGF expression than their wild-type littermates. Similarly, mice treated with AM22-52, a competitive inhibitor of AM, showed reduced capillary development, and growth of sarcoma 180 tumors was inhibited in AM+/- and AM22-52-treated mice. Notably, administration of VEGF or AM rescued blood flow recovery and capillary formation in AM+/- and AM22-52-treated mice. In cocultures of endothelial cells and fibroblasts, AM enhanced VEGF-induced capillary formation, whereas in cultures of endothelial cells AM enhanced VEGF-induced Akt activation. These results show that AM possesses novel angiogenic properties mediated by its ability to enhance VEGF expression and Akt activity. This may make AM a useful therapeutic tool for relieving ischemia; conversely, inhibitors of AM could be useful for clinical management of tumor growth.
Endmember bundles: a new approach to incorporating endmember variability into spectral mixture analysis (2000)

Accuracy of vegetation cover fractions, computed with spectral mixture analysis, may be compromised by variation in canopy structure and biochemistry when a single endmember represents top-of-canopy reflectance. In this article, endmember variability is incorporated into mixture analysis by representing each endmember by a set or bundle of spectra, each of which could reasonably be the reflectance of an instance of the endmember. Endmember bundles are constructed from the data itself by an extension to a previously described method of manually deriving endmembers from remotely sensed data. Applied to remotely sensed images, bundle unmixing produces maximum and minimum fraction images bounding the correct cover fractions and specifying error due to endmember variability. In this article, endmember bundles and bounding fraction images were created for an airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS) subscene simulated with a canopy radiative transfer/geometric-optical model. Variation in endmember reflectance was achieved using ranges of parameter values including leaf area index (LAI) and tissue optical properties observed In a North Texas savanna. The subscene's spatial pattern was based on a 1992 Landsat Thematic Mapper image of the study region. Bounding fraction images bracketed the cover fractions of the simulated data for 98% of the pixels for soil, 97% for senescent grass and 93% for trees. Averages of bounding images estimated fractional coverage used in the simulation with an average error of /spl les/0.05, a significant improvement over previous methods with important implications for regional-scale research on vegetation extent and dynamics.
Enhancement of nuclear magnetic resonance signals by polarization transfer (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnhancement of nuclear magnetic resonance signals by polarization transferGareth A. Morris and Ray FreemanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 3, 760–762Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00497a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00497a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3604Altmetric-Citations1748LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Orientation and the extent of exfoliation of clay on scratch damage in polyamide 6 nanocomposites (2008)

The major objectives of this work are to understand the effects of organoclay, its extent of exfoliation and orientation, and indenter geometry on the scratch characteristics of polyamide 6/organoclay nanocomposites. Two different organically treated clays are used for this purpose and their structural parameters in a polyamide 6 matrix quantified. It is shown that, while the material properties are important for scratching resistance, they are not the only determinants of the scratch performance of materials. Further, despite proving beneficial to scratch resistance, in terms of residual depth, the presence (and exfoliation) of organoclay promotes the formation of brittle cracks during scratching. But with no organoclay layers, plastic flow controls the scratch damage in neat polyamide 6 with large residual depths. Factors such as orientation of clay layers and variations of indenter tip geometry also exert dominant effects on scratch penetration resistance and damage. Additionally, significant plastic flow and rotation of organoclay layers from the original configuration are observed underneath the sliding indenter.
High-efficiency frequency doubling of ultrahigh-intensity Nd:glass laser pulses (1994)

Short-pulse, high-peak-power lasers are important tools for high-intensity laser- matter interaction experiments. Solid-state table-top terawatt lasers utilize the concept of chirped pulse amplification1,2 to generate near-field intensities of up to two orders of magnitude higher (after compression) than in conventional fusion lasers. Solid target interaction experiments with intensities above 1018 W/cm2 require a very high intensity contrast (~1010:1) to ensure that the laser pulse is interacting with the solid rather than with a pre-formed plasma. Second harmonic generation (SHG) in nonlinear crystals is important because it extends the available wavelength range and significantly improves the contrast ratio.
High Availability Storage System Based on Two-Level Metadata Management (2007)

Generally storage devices only administrate the mapping of logical data space to local physical space while unknowing other information related to data objects. Network or metadata service failure will disable the system, although the data is still on devices intact and correct. Utilizing the redundant computing ability of storage devices, the object interface makes it possible to assist the MDS for metadata services to improve the availability of the system. Though extended attributes of the object interface and computing resource, the management of the object allocation, and local metadata service are enabled in Active Object Storage Devices (A-OSD). Based on A- OSDs, a distributed High Availability Storage System (HASS) characterized by two-level metadata management can be built to achieve higher availability while maintaining good performance. Experiments indicate under the same environment, compared with Lustre, HASS has better write performance and similar read performance besides the potential high availability.
Analog Radio Over Fiber Fronthaul for High Bandwidth 5G Millimeter-Wave Carrier Aggregated OFDM (2019)

The increasing demands for high capacity and ultra-low latency services require to introduce a 5G mobile communications infrastructure based on a centralized radio access network with space division multiplexed optical fronthaul using radio-over-fiber. The transmission of carrier aggregated 5G OFDM signals over an analog radio-over-fiber fronthaul link is experimentally demonstrated. Multi-Gbit/s data rates are achieved in limited bandwidth, with BER below the 25% overhead FEC limit after millimeter-wave wireless transmission over 2.2 m.
Kruskal's Algorithm for Query Tree Optimization (2007)

This paper describes an implementation of Kruskal's algorithm in query optimization process for generation of a near optimal execution query tree. The open source Post- greSQL DBMS was used in the experiments since its query optimization is performed by dynamic programming and genetic algorithm, which allows a concrete comparison with our approach. Kruskal's algorithm presents some advantages like its simplified code, its polynomial-time execution and the reduced search space to generate only one query tree, that will be the optimal tree. In most experiments, Kruskal's algorithm got the expected results in almost the same time as the results achieved by default Post- greSQL's optimization algorithms. The results confirm that Kruskal's algorithm is a feasible method for query optimization.
MHC class II transport at a glance (2008)

The cellular immune system functions in large part to recognize and destroy foreign pathogens. This process is aided by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which internalize, degrade and subsequently express small antigenic fragments from foreign bodies on their cell surfaces. The presentation of
Role of Transporter Proteins in Bile Tolerance of<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (2009)

Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM derivatives containing deletion mutations in the transporter genes LBA0552, LBA1429, LBA1446, and LBA1679 exhibited increased sensitivity to bile. These strains showed unique patterns of sensitivity to a variety of inhibitory compounds, as well as differential accumulations of ciprofloxacin and taurocholate.
Maghemite@silica nanoparticles for biological applications (2002)

There is a great deal of interest in investigating new synthetic routes, controlling the size and the morphology, and understanding the overall behavior of nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles are being studied in particular for their current and future applications in biology and medicine, including magnetic cell separation, magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement, magnetic transport of anti-cancer drugs...
Comparison of Equation-Based and Non-Equation-Based Approaches for Transient Modeling of a Vapor Compression Cycle (2012)

Transient modeling methods can also be classified into two categories based on equation specifications. The first category of methods are non-equation based methods, in which one has to describe the underlying physics with fundamental equations, formulate residual equations and provide an algorithm to solve the underlying nonlinear equations. The second category of methods are equation based methods, wherein the engineer only has to specify the underlying physics, that holds for each time step, in the form of equations and use an established modeling platform or a solver which will handle the formulation and solution of underlying nonlinear differential algebraic equations. There are two modeling platforms that are widely emerging as an industry standard for transient modeling and control algorithm development. First set of platforms are based on the Modelica® language and the second set are based on MATLAB®. Three commercially available modeling environments based on these platforms are chosen for comparison in this study. In this paper, a transient system model for a simple vapor compression cycle is developed in the three environments (Modelica®, Simulink® and SimScapeTM). The heat exchanger models are based on the finite volume method. The compressor model is an efficiency-based model. The expansion device is modeled using an empirical correlation. Three tools demonstrate quite different modeling concepts. Comparison of simulation results obtained by three tools shows good agreement, but the computation time varies significantly due to underlying model reduction and solution scheme used.
Learning to Extract Motion from Videos in Convolutional Neural Networks (2016)

This paper shows how to extract dense optical flow from videos with a convolutional neural network (CNN). The proposed model constitutes a potential building block for deeper architectures to allow using motion without resorting to an external algorithm, \eg for recognition in videos. We derive our network architecture from signal processing principles to provide desired invariances to image contrast, phase and texture. We constrain weights within the network to enforce strict rotation invariance and substantially reduce the number of parameters to learn. We demonstrate end-to-end training on only 8 sequences of the Middlebury dataset, orders of magnitude less than competing CNN-based motion estimation methods, and obtain comparable performance to classical methods on the Middlebury benchmark. Importantly, our method outputs a distributed representation of motion that allows representing multiple, transparent motions, and dynamic textures. Our contributions on network design and rotation invariance offer insights nonspecific to motion estimation.
The Unidirectionality of the Labyrinthine Reflex in Relation to the Unidirectionality of the Optokinetic Reflex (1959)

To inquire into the physiological relationship between the unidirectionality of the labyrinthine reflex to rotatory stimulation and the unidirectionality of the optokinetic reflex five leghorns, whose eyes were covered unilaterally, were rotated with an angular acceleration of l/sec2 for a minute and the following facts were disclosed.(1) During rotation the deficiency due to the unidirectionality of the optokinetic reflex is compensated for by unidirectional excitation of the labyrinth and perrotatory head nystagmus occurs. (2) The purpose of this compensation exists in inducing head nystagmus and thereby enabling the individual to perceive moving objects one by one and to keep the body in equilibrium during rotation. (3) In considering nystagmus from the point of view of evolution, it is inferred that the unidirectionality of the optokinetic reflex existed at first and, for the purpose of compensating for this unidirectionality, semicircular canals with their unidirectional nature evolved. (4) The theory of subliminal rotation is doubtful.
Telemedicine Based on Mobile Devices and Mobile Cloud Computing (2014)

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets support kinds of mobile computing and services. They can access to the cloud or offload the computation-intensive part to the cloud computing resources. Mobile cloud computing (MCC) integrates the cloud computing into the mobile environment, which extends mobile devices’ battery lifetime, improves their data storage capacity and processing power, and improves their reliability and information security. In this paper, the applications of smartphones in telemedicine and MCC-based telemedicine were presented. Issues on the information security of smartphones and tablets, challenges of smartphones in telemedicine and challenges of MCC-based telemedicine were also introduced.
Successive Interference Cancellation for STBC-OFDM Systems in a Fast Fading Channel (2005)

A time-varying multipath channel causes co-channel interference (CCI) as well as inter-carrier interference (ICI) in a space-time block coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (STBC-OFDM) system using two transmit antennas and an conventional simplified decoding scheme (SDS). In this paper, we derive the power of the CCI as a function of normalized channel variation rate. Also, we propose a successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique to improve the performance of the STBC-OFDM by considering the CCI mechanism. The proposed SIC technique can compensate the CCI to some extend with slightly increased complexity compared to the SDS.
Long-term impacts of the equal employment opportunity act in Japan (2013)

In this paper, I survey the literature on the impact of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA) on labor market outcomes of women in Japan. The findings are as follows. First, after the enactment of the EEOA, regular full-time employment rose among highly educated women younger than age 40. Second, examined separately by marital status, regular full-time employment did not increase for either married or single women, compared with their predecessors. These patterns reflect the fact that the marriage rates of highly educated women fell after passage of the EEOA. Third, the female-to-male wage ratio and the ratio of average tenure of female workers to that of male workers improved, mainly for less-educated women over age 40, but not for highly educated young women. Finally, there are regional differences in the increases in regular employment of highly educated women: namely, it increased significantly in Tokyo.
Comprehensive analysis of the catalytic and structural properties of a mu-class glutathione s-transferase from Fasciola gigantica (2017)

Glutathione S‒transferases (GSTs) play an important role in the detoxification of xenobiotics. They catalyze the nucleophilic addition of glutathione (GSH) to nonpolar compounds, rendering the products water-soluble. In the present study, we investigated the catalytic and structural properties of a mu-class GST from Fasciola gigantica (FgGST1). The purified recombinant FgGST1 formed a homodimer composed of 25 kDa subunit. Kinetic analysis revealed that FgGST1 displays broad substrate specificity and shows high GSH conjugation activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, and trans-4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one and peroxidase activity towards trans-2-nonenal and hexa-2,4-dienal. The FgGST1 was highly sensitive to inhibition by cibacron blue. The cofactor (GSH) and inhibitor (cibacron blue) were docked, and binding sites were identified. The molecular dynamics studies and principal component analysis indicated the stability of the systems and the collective motions, respectively. Unfolding studies suggest that FgGST1 is a highly cooperative molecule because, during GdnHCl-induced denaturation, a simultaneous unfolding of the protein without stabilization of any partially folded intermediate is observed. The protein is stabilized with a conformational free energy of about 10 ± 0.3 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>. Additionally, the presence of conserved Pro-53 and structural motifs such as N-capping box and hydrophobic staple, further aided in the stability and proper folding of FgGST1.
Human cardiac <sup>31</sup>P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 tesla (2013)

Cardiac (31)P-MRS at 7T has higher SNR and the spectra can be quantified more precisely than at 3T. Cardiac (31)P T1s are shorter at 7T than at 3T. We predict that 7T will become the field strength of choice for cardiac (31)P-MRS.
The SECAD Project - Vulnerability Reduction via Propulsion Control Logic (2006)

Digital propulsion controls provide the foundation for adding capabilities beyond normal control functions to enable the next level of increased survivability for both war-time and peace-time damage scenarios. Propulsion is a critical system for any platform, providing electrical and hydraulic power, ECS (environmental control system) air as well as thrust. If the vulnerability of propulsion systems can be reduced, the probability of successful completion of the mission is increased. The SECAD (survivable engine control algorithm development) project has made significant progress toward the development of a complete system to not only diagnose, but also to react to non-catastrophic damage to the engine gas path in real-time and thus preserve thrust needed to enable mission completion, intelligent mission re-planning, or just getting the pilot "out of harms way". The early detection of not only the onset of damage but also the identification of damage type as well, provides critical precursors for the control system to react to prevent further system damage. Initial feasibility results, which were presented at IEEE Aerospace Conference in 2002 [Frankenberger, C and Pisano, A (2002)], have been significantly extended and validated to suggest potential for early transition. These new results demonstrate the simplicity of the concept by extending the design to cover the entire flight envelope of interest and are shown to be robust to normal deterioration and typical aircraft transients. Although based on an extension of linear regression, the methodology determines the optimum sensor suite from a given set of sensors with varying accuracies to achieve a desired probability of correct detection in the presence of normal system variations while minimizing the probabilities of unacceptable "false alarms". The SECAD project recently completed a highly successful demonstration of this "full-envelope" damage detection and mitigation design using an F414-GE-400 turbofan engine at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division's Weapons Survivability Laboratory. Testing consisted of fan and compressor damage, combustor damage, afterburner duct damage and ballistic nozzle damage. Test results verified the capability of the damage detection and mitigation methodology over the frill range of throttle positions at selected conditions.
음식물 쓰레기 수거에서 거래처 방문 일정과 차량 경로 동시 결정 문제 (2021)

Food waste collection company should decide weekly visiting scheduling and daily vehicle routing for pick up points during a week. A mathematical model to minimize travelling distance was introduced. The mathematical model shows that the characteristics of problem was similar to the travelling sales man and the scheduling problem. Four evolutionary algorithm with penalty cost function to handle constraints were developed to solve our problem. A feasibility search operation was used to increase the feasibility on the solution set. Experimental results show that the average objective value dropped by 9% by using the feasibility search operation, but the calculation time increased by 12%.