gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and II, IGF-binding proteins, and IGF-binding protein proteases are produced by theca and stroma of normal and polycystic human ovaries. (1996)

There is increasing evidence for an important regulatory role for the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in the human ovary. IGF-I and -II and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs)-1 to -4 have been identified by analysis of follicular fluid and granulosa cell-conditioned medium and by in situ hybridization and Northern and dot blot analyses of ovarian tissues. It has been suggested that abnormalities of intraovarian IGF-I or IGFBPs may play a part in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. The aim of this study was to identify production of IGF-I and -II and IGFBP-1 to -4 by unstimulated normal and polycystic ovaries. IGF-I and -II were measured by RIA after acid-gel exclusion chromatography in medium conditioned by incubation for 48 h with granulosa cells or explants of theca or stroma. Both IGF-I and -II were present in the low nanograms per mL range in theca- and stroma-conditioned medium (T+SCM). IGFBPs in T+SCM were initially analyzed by Western ligand blotting, which revealed that low mol wt IGFBPs were predominant, especially IGFBP-2 (35 kDa). There was a band corresponding to 26 kDa with smaller amounts of a 31-kDa band, but only a trace of IGFBP-3 (44 and 40 kDa, confirmed by immunoblot). We found no consistent differences between normal and polycystic ovary syndrome ovaries, and although there was a trend toward increased IGFBP accumulation in response to LH, this was not consistent. We were unable to detect IGFs or IGFBPs by Western ligand blotting in granulosa cell-conditioned medium. In further studies we attempted to measure IGFBP-3 by RIA using two different antisera (alpha-BP-3gl and 1287-2-14) that detect different epitopes of IGFBP-3 and allow the presence of proteolytic activity to be demonstrated. Results obtained using alpha-BP-3gl were lower than those using 1287-2-14, suggesting proteolysis of IGFBP-3 in the medium. There was no evidence of proteolysis of serum IGFBP-3 after incubation with conditioned medium, but in contrast, radiolabeled [125I]IGFBP-3 was cleaved after incubation with T+SCM. Immunoblotting revealed intact IGFBP-2 (35 kDa) and bands of various sizes between 16-33 kDa. Immunoreactive fragments of IGFBP-3 between 13-40 kDa were seen. In conclusion, T+SCM contained IGF-I and -II. IGFBP-2 and -4 were the predominant species of IGFBP in T+SCM. T+SCM also contained significant protease activity directed toward IGFBP-2 and -3. Proteolytic activity may be an important mechanism by which bioactive IGFs are made available to these tissues.
Squalene as Novel Food Factor (2010)

Currently, health beneficial roles of natural products attract much attention and diverse functional ingredients have been extensively studied their preventive effect in many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Squalene is one of those examples. It distributes in nature from plant to animal but extraordinarily concentrated in the liver of certain species of shark (Squalidae family) as it was first identified as a healing substance in the shark liver oil. It is now well-known that squalene is the physiological substance functioning in animal as the precursor of cholesterol biosynthesis. On the other hand, it has long history of using as an attractive resource for functional food, supplement or even pharmaceutics because it has unique physical property and wide variety of physiological functions such as anticancer and anti-hyper cholesterolemia. The antioxidant and oxygen carrying properties of squalene predicts its potential in preventing cardiovascular disease. We reviewed recent progress in functional studies of squalene both in vitro and in vivo models.
High performance liquid chromatography determination of cyanide in urine by pre‐column fluorescence derivatization (1989)

A method for the determination of cyanide in human urine has been developed. The method is based on the reaction of cyanide with 2,3-naphthalenedialdehyde and taurine to give a fluorescent product for reversed-phase HPLC separation and fluorometric detection. After centrifugation followed by dilution of urine samples, the specimens could be analysed directly by this method. The recovery of cyanide added to urine at concentration levels of 50-1000 pmol/mL was 85-96%. The detection limit of cyanide was 30 pmol/mL in urine. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of urine from smokers and nonsmokers. The mean concentrations of cyanide were found to be 215 pmol/mL for the former and 84 pmol/mL for the latter.
Antiinflammatory sydnones. 2 (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiinflammatory sydnones. 2John B. Hill, Richard E. Ray, Ray H. Wagner, and Richard L. AspinallCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1975, 18, 1, 50–53Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00235a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00235a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An analysis of lead-free (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.915-(Bi0.5K0.5)0.05Ba0.02Sr0.015TiO3 ceramic for efficient refrigeration and thermal energy harvesting (2014)

This article demonstrates the colossal energy harvesting capability of a lead-free (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.915-(Bi0.5K0.5)0.05Ba0.02Sr0.015TiO3 ceramic using the Olsen cycle. The maximum harvestable energy density estimated for this system is found to be 1523 J/L (1523 kJ/m3) where the results are presented for extreme ambient conditions of 20–160 °C and electric fields of 0.1–4 MV/m. This estimated energy density is 1.7 times higher than the maximum reported to date for the lanthanum-doped lead zirconate titanate (thin film) system. Moreover, this study introduces a generalized and effective solid state refrigeration cycle in contrast to the ferroelectric Ericson refrigeration cycle. The cycle is based on a temperature induced polarization change on application of an unipolar electric field to ferroelectric ceramics.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplants from unrelated donors (1997)

Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells is now well established as life-saving therapy for patients with several different genetic and acquired diseases. This has been possible largely because of the identification of HLA as the human major histocompatibility system and the application of new technologies for improving the accuracy of HLA typing and matching. Clinical advances including the development of more effective immune suppression therapy and improvements in supportive care have also been critically important. The lack of HLA-identical sibling donors for most patients and the extensive polymorphism of HLA genes have necessitated establishing very large registries of HLA-typed volunteers. With more than 3 million donors now available worldwide, the number of patients identifying HLA matches has increased substantially. Despite a higher incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the results of unrelated donor transplants are favorable when performed under optimal conditions with a well-matched donor. In order to provide transplants for all patients, improved methods for GVHD prophylaxis are needed that will make it possible to safely perform transplants even across limited degrees of HLA disparity.
Fabrication and performance of ferrite phase shifters for millimeter frequencies (1979)

Ferrite devices for millimeter frequencies, 35 GHz to 94 GHz, are difficult to fabricate and have marginal performance. This paper discusses the design and arc plasma fabrication process for non-reciprocal ferrite phase shifters for millimeter frequencies. Design and fabrication techniques were developed for 35 GHz, prior to the initial fabrication of 94 GHz phase shifters. A lithium ferrite powder with a 4100 Gauss (4πM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> ) was used for arc plasma spraying the phase shifters, The treatment of the ferrite powder and its arc plasma spray characteristics are discussed. Device performance was evaluated with respect to insertion loss, bandwidth, and differential phase shift. Any imperfections in the fabrication of the ferrite phase shifters, such as cracks or poor ferrite dielectric fit, adversely affect their performance. Phase shifter design variations included: dielectric loading, placement of the switching wire, phase shifter height, and metalization techniques. Based on this work, it was possible to design and fabricate ferrite phase shifters with good performance at millimeter frequencies.
Discovery of 40 Classes of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Historical Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFFs) and AFFF-Impacted Groundwater (2017)

Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs), containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), are released into the environment during response to fire-related emergencies. Repeated historical applications of AFFF at military sites were a result of fire-fighter training exercises and equipment testing. Recent data on AFFF-impacted groundwater indicates that ∼25% of the PFASs remain unidentified. In an attempt to close the mass balance, a systematic evaluation of 3M and fluorotelomer-based AFFFs, commercial products, and AFFF-impacted groundwaters from 15 U.S. military bases was conducted to identify the remaining PFASs. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for compound discovery. Nontarget analysis utilized Kendrick mass defect plots and a "nontarget" R script. Suspect screening compared masses with those of previously reported PFASs. Forty classes of novel anionic, zwitterionic, and cationic PFASs were discovered, and an additional 17 previously reported classes were observed for the first time in AFFF and/or AFFF-impacted groundwater. All 57 classes received an acronym and IUPAC-like name derived from collective author knowledge. Thirty-four of the 40 newly identified PFAS classes derive from electrochemical fluorination (ECF) processes, most of which have the same base structure. Of the newly discovered PFASs found only in AFFF-impacted groundwater, 11 of the 13 classes are ECF-derived, and the remaining two classes are fluorotelomer-derived, which suggests that both ECF- and fluorotelomer-based PFASs are persistent in the environment.
The Peptide-Binding and ATPase Domains of Recombinant hsc70 Are Required To Interact with Rotavirus and Reduce Its Infectivity (2006)

The heat shock cognate protein hsc70 has been implicated as a postattachment cell receptor for rotaviruses. Here we show that hsc70 interacts specifically with rotaviruses through its peptide-binding domain, since a recombinant full-length hsc70 protein and its peptide-binding domain, but not its ATPase domain, bound triple-layered particles in a solid-phase assay, and known ligands of hsc70 competed this binding. The peptide ligands of hsc70 were also shown to block rotavirus infectivity when added to cells before virus infection, suggesting that hsc70 on the surface of MA104 cells also interacts with the virus through its peptide-binding domain and that this interaction is important for virus entry. When purified infectious virus was incubated with soluble hsc70 in the presence of the cochaperone hsp40 and ATP and then pelleted through a sucrose cushion, the recovered virus had lost 60% of its infectivity, even though hsc70 was not detected in the pellet fraction. The hsc70-treated virus showed slightly different reactivities with monoclonal antibodies and was more susceptible to heat and basic pHs than the untreated virus, suggesting that hsc70 induces a subtle conformational change in the virus that results in a reduction of its infectivity. The relevance of the ATPase activity of hsc70 for reducing virus infectivity was demonstrated by the finding that in the presence of a nonhydrolyzable analogue of ATP, virus infectivity was not affected, and a mutant protein lacking ATPase activity failed to reduce virus infection. Altogether, these results suggest that during cell infection, the interaction of the virus with hsc70 on the surface of MA104 cells results in a conformational change of virus particles that facilitates their entry into the cell cytoplasm.
Credo: Trusted Computing for Guest VMs with a Commodity Hypervisor (2011)

This paper presents the Credo architecture to enable trustworthy virtualization based cloud computing platforms. A key feature of Credo is a small platform Trusted Computing Base (TCB) for a customer VM that consists only of a securely launched hypervisor and minimal hardware components, without any privileged partitions and their administrators. Credo achieves this reduction in TCB via emancipation, a mechanism that provides VMs enhanced secrecy and integrity protection guarantees from privileged partitions. Trust in an emancipated VM is established via its measured launch by the hypervisor and an attestation of a dynamically established trust chain rooted in the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). Experimental results from a prototype implementation based on Hyper-V demonstrate that Credo provides enhanced security guarantees to emancipated VMs at a modest cost, most of which is a one-time startup cost from a VM’s perspective, while adding only a small amount of code to a VM’s TCB. 1
On the Formation of Alang-alang, the Grassland, in Southeastern Asia (1949)

In southeastern Asia the grassland of Imperata cylindtica, scattered within the tropical forests are called Alang-alang, according to the term of Malayan natives. The development of such a landscape is not due to the natural phenomena such as forest-file or cyclones, as it is often believed Under tropical climate, the regrowth of forest is so rapid that the destruction of forest is not an impetus strong enough to permit the making of Alang-alang. There must be some external. forces that work to maintain the destructed forest landscape against the regrowth of big trees. In this paper the author's conclusion through his own observations in Farther India and Malay Archipelago is as follows:……1. The distriibution of volcanic soil is an important cause to form the grassland. 2. Alang-alang is more frequently formed through the abandonment of once cultivated land. This kind of abandonment often occurs through natives' superstition prevalence of epidemics, or through changes of economic coreditions. This last one often occurs here where the conciderable proportion of agriculture is occuied by the plantation which, more than other form of agriculture, depends upon the condition of world market. 3. For the preservation of this landscape, the natives' costom to burn the grass. periodically to quicken the new growth of grass for their cattle and to keep wild beasts off, plays an important part.
Performance and degradation of continuous-wave InGaN multiple-quantum-well laser diodes on epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN substrates (2000)

The performance and degradation characteristics of continuous-wave (cw) InGaN multiple-quantum-well laser diodes are reported. A cw threshold current as low as 62 mA was obtained for ridge-waveguide laser diodes on epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN on sapphire substrates grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a defect density &lt;5×107 cm−2 in the active region. The emission wavelength was near 400 nm with output powers greater than 20 mW per facet. Under cw conditions, laser oscillation was observed up to 70 °C. The room-temperature cw operation lifetimes, measured at a constant output power of 2 mW, exceeded 15 h. From the temperature dependence of the laser diode lifetimes, an activation energy of 0.50 eV±0.05 eV was determined.
Masses of nuclei (1962)

Abstract The study of masses of the different nuclear species is basic to the whole of nuclear physics. Because of the interchangeability of mass and energy the details of energy absorption or release are identical with mass differences or changes in the masses of participating nuclei. The systematic trends in mass value reflect therefore changes in the nuclear binding energy. It is one of the primary tasks of nuclear theory to explain the total binding energy of a lump of nuclear matter. The systematic trends in mass differences are also of basic importance in evolving models to describe the formation of the elements in our galaxy.
Electromagnetic Articulography Treatment for an Adult With Broca’s Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech (1999)

Electromagnetic articulography (EMA) was explored as a means of remediating [s]/[symbol in text] articulation deficits in the speech of an adult with Broca's aphasia and apraxia of speech. Over a 1-month period, the subject was provided with 2 different treatments in a counterbalanced procedure: (1) visually guided biofeedback concerning tongue-tip position and (2) a foil treatment in which a computer program delivered voicing-contrast stimuli for simple repetition. Kinematic and perceptual data suggest improvement resulting from visually guided biofeedback, both for nonspeech oral and, to a lesser extent, speech motor tasks. In contrast, the phonetic contrast treated in the foil condition showed only marginal improvement during the therapy session, with performance dropping back to baseline 10 weeks post-treatment. Although preliminary, the findings suggest that visual biofeedback concerning tongue-tip position can be used to treat nonspeech oral and (to a lesser extent) speech motor behavior in adults with Broca's aphasia and apraxia of speech.
Screening score to identify people prone to respiratory tract infections in the community. (2017)

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a major cause of morbidity in society. A proportion of the general population suffers more often from recurrent and severe RTI compared to the vast majority. We aim to identify those in the population at risk for recurrent RTI with the help of a questionnaire-derived score. Method: A population-based study, termed the Airway Infection Susceptibility (AWIS) study, was conducted between December 2011 and March 2013 in South Baden, Germany. From a total of 69, 695 individuals approached via mail 12, 839 individuals in the age range of 18 to 70 years completed the screening questionnaire. A predefined RTI-score was calculated as a weighted sum of relevant questionnaire items. Regression models were used to assess the association of potential risk factors and co-morbidities with the score. The score was prospectively validated among 1459 individuals who reported their monthly RTI prevalence in three consecutive winterspring seasons using a summary measure. Results: Repeated severe or long lasting RTIs during adulthood were reported by 12% and 18% of the study participants. The RTI-score correlated positively with female sex, younger age, and frequent contact to children, smoking status, and obesity as well as a number of co-morbidities, most strongly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The monthly prevalence of most RTI symptom categories in the subsequent infection seasons approximately doubled between the low to medium and quintupled between the low to high baseline score category. Bronchitis was reported by 2.3%, 11.6%, and 19.4% of individuals in the low, medium, and high baseline category, respectively. Furthermore, 33.7% of the high baseline score group compared to only 6.4% of the low score group reported significant infection related impairments of their daily activities. Conclusion: The RTI-score applied in this study helps to identify adults in the community prone to RTI who might benefit from preventive measures.
Chemical Etching of Charged-Particle Tracks in Solids (1962)

When a heavy charged particle such as a fission fragment traverses certain materials it leaves a trail of radiation damage which shows up as a track when a sample is viewed by transmission electron microscopy. If a sample of a silicate mineral containing such tracks is immersed in a suitable reagent such as hydrofluoric acid it has been found that the tracks are very selectively attacked. Fine hollow channels are formed along the particle paths while the rest of the material is untouched. A study of this effect in various silicate minerals is reported as a function of etching reagent, etching temperature, and etching time. The minimum width of the etched channels is considerably less than the apparent widths of the tracks prior to etching. It is concluded that the track images result in large part from elastic strains surrounding a damaged core. The etching effect also serves to ``develop'' and ``fix'' particle tracks and hence increases the usefulness of silicate minerals as particle detectors.
Analogie et symbolisme chez saint Thomas (1974)

A N T H R O PO LO G IE contemporaine a ramen au centre des proccupations phi-/ losophiques l'tude du langage, l'analyse des diffrents types de discours. D'o un regain d'intrt pour le problme du langage thologique. Plus que toute autre discipline d 'ailleurs, la thologie a toujours d exercer cette fonction critique et s'interroger sur la valeur et le sens de son discours. tant de par sa nature mme discours (logos) sur Dieu ( Theos), elle se devait de justifier sa prtention d'exprimer Dieu lui-mme avec la logique d'un langage humain. Elle se devait aussi de bien m arquer les limites de son entreprise.
Annotation: A Computational Solution for Streamlining Metabolomics Analysis (2017)

Metabolite identification is still considered an imposing bottleneck in liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) untargeted metabolomics. The identification workflow usually begins with detecting relevant LC/MS peaks via peak-picking algorithms and retrieving putative identities based on accurate mass searching. However, accurate mass search alone provides poor evidence for metabolite identification. For this reason, computational annotation is used to reveal the underlying metabolites monoisotopic masses, improving putative identification in addition to confirmation with tandem mass spectrometry. This review examines LC/MS data from a computational and analytical perspective, focusing on the occurrence of neutral losses and in-source fragments, to understand the challenges in computational annotation methodologies. Herein, we examine the state-of-the-art strategies for computational annotation including: (i) peak grouping or full scan (MS1) pseudo-spectra extraction, i.e., clustering all mass spectral signals stemming from each metabolite; (ii) annotation using ion adduction and mass distance among ion peaks; (iii) incorporation of biological knowledge such as biotransformations or pathways; (iv) tandem MS data; and (v) metabolite retention time calibration, usually achieved by prediction from molecular descriptors. Advantages and pitfalls of each of these strategies are discussed, as well as expected future trends in computational annotation.