gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Substituted 3-Phenyl-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4-diones and their Bacteriostatic Activity (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituted 3-Phenyl-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4-diones and their Bacteriostatic ActivityRaymond E. Stenseth, Joseph W. Baker, and Daniel P. RomanCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1963, 6, 2, 212–213Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00338a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00338a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Export credits : review and prospects (1993)

This paper presents a brief history of the use of officially-supported export credits extended to importers on the basis of a guarantee/insurance provided by a government-supported institution or agency from the exporting country. It examines the beginning of official support for exporter credits and the impact of the 1980s debt crisis on their use. Presented are substantial differences in the organizational structure of individual export credit agencies (ECAs), and the scope of services they provide, as is the evolution and the role of international coordination in setting export credit terms. The strains placed upon international export credit systems in the past decade are analyzed at length, including the deteriorating financial position of ECAs, an outgrowth of the widespread debt crisis of 1982. ECAs responses to these stresses and their effects on export credit flows to developing countries are also considered. Current issues facing officially-supported export credit systems and future prospects for the use of export credits constitute the second half of the paper. The issue of export credit financing for East European countries and former Soviet states is also explored, along with other relevant issues, such as operations and security. The paper concludes by analyzing the prospects for officially supported export credits from the perspectives of both recipient developing countries and providers.
COMPLEX METAL ALKYLS (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCOMPLEX METAL ALKYLSDALLAS T. HURDCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1948, 13, 5, 711–713Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01163a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (229 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An in-depth study of next generation interface for emerging non-volatile memories (2016)

Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) is designed with the goal of unlocking the potential of low-latency, randomaccess, memory-based storage devices. Specifically, NVMe employs various rich communication and queuing mechanism that can ideally schedule four billion I/O instructions for a single storage device. To explore NVMe with assorted user scenarios, we model diverse interface-level design parameters such as PCI Express, NVMe protocol, and different rich queuing mechanisms by considering a wide spectrum of host-level system configurations. In this work, we also assemble a comprehensive memory stack with different types of emerging NVM technologies, which can give us detailed NVMe related statistics like I/O request lifespans and I/O thread-related parallelism. Our evaluation results reveal that, i) while NVMe handshaking is light-weight for flash memory that uses block-based accesses (Block NVM), it can impose tremendous overheads for memristor technology (DRAM-like NVM), ii) in contrast to the common expectation, the performance of an NVMe-equipped system may not improve in a scalable fashion as the queue depth and the number of queues increase, and iii) more- and deeperqueue systems atop a Block NVM can significantly suffer from tremendous host-side memory requirements, whereas a DRAMlike NVM can cause frequent system stalls due to NVMe's inefficient interrupt service routine.
Tunable surface band gap in MgxZn1−xO thin films (2008)

Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O thin films epitaxially grown on Mo(110) substrate under ultrahigh vacuum condition were studied in situ by various surface analysis techniques including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, and high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. The results indicate that as-grown Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O films are soluble phase, and a phase transition from wurtzite to cubic structure occurs in the region of x = 0.55-0.67. The surface band gap can be tuned continuously with altering the content of Mg in Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O films, and its tunable window width is about 1.9 eV. Based on heterojunction and quantum well structure, this kind of materials can be applied in wide-band-gap semiconductor devices, such as short-wavelength light-emitting devices.
Hemodynamic effects of positive-pressure inflation (1980)

In 14 anesthetized mongrel dogs, we studied the factors that influenced aortic systolic pressure (PaO) and peak aortic systolic flow (Qao) during positive-pressure inflations at three respiratory rates: 8, 14, and 24 breaths/min. At all three respiratory rates, pulmonary arterial flow fell by 15% of the preinspiratory value by end inhalation. Qao also fell at all three respiratory rates, reaching a nadir close to end exhalation (EE). Qao fell less (7% of the base line) at the fast respiratory rate than at the medium and slow respiratory rates (15% of the base line). Pao rose more during the early part of inflation at the medium and fast rates (5 +/- 0.9 Torr) than at the slow rate (3 +/- 0.7 Torr); then Pao fell to a nadir near EE at the slow (-5.6 +/- 1.6 Torr) and at the medium (-2.3 +/- 1 Torr) respiratory rates. At the fast rate it fell to a value not different from control (0.1 +/- 0.5 Torr). The ratio of peak arterial pressure to peak arterial flow increased throughout inflation reaching a peak at EE. A model was developed that predicted the major qualitative features of the changes in Qao seen in these studies. Changes in Pao resulted from the interaction between decreases in Qao and transmitted increases in pleural pressure, and are modified by changes in systemic impedance.
Liquid Crystal Displays: Fundamental Physics and Technology (2011)

Series Editor s Foreword by Anthony C. Lowe. Preface. Acknowledgments. About the Author. 1 Double Refraction. 2 Electromagnetism. 3 Light in Matter. 4 The Polarization of an Electromagnetic Wave. 5 Liquid Crystals. 6 Thermodynamics for Liquid Crystals. 7 The Calculus of Variations. 8 The Mean Field. 9 Maier Saupe Theory. 10 Phenomenological Theory. 11 Static Continuum Theory. 12 Dynamic Continuum Theory. 13 The First Liquid Crystal Display. 14 Liquid Crystal Display Chemistry. 15 The Twisted Nematic. 16 Engineering the Liquid Crystal. 17 The Active Matrix. 18 New Screens. 19 The Transistor and Integrated Circuit. 20 A Transistor for the Active Matrix. 21 Semiconductor Fabrication. 22 Enhancing the Image. 23 The Wider View. 24 Liquid Crystal Television. 25 Glass, Panels, and Modules. 26 The Global LCD Business. 27 New Technologies and Products. Index.
Fabrication and Inertia Dynamic Friction Properties of Pitch-based Carbon-Carbon Composites (1998)

This paper presents the effects of an initial braking velocity, a braking pressure, and the number of braking stop on the tribological behaviors for the three different C-C composites using an inertia dynamic-friction tester. The C-C composites were prepared through the processes of several cycles of pitch impregnation/carbonization with different friction surface textures such as continuous 8-harness satin fabric (ADD-1), chopped fiber (ADD-2) and chopped fiber (ADD-3) having higher fiber volume fraction on friction surface than ADD-2 by about 10%. ADD-1 exhibited a higher friction coefficient (0.41~0.33) than those of ADD-2 and ADD-3 (0.32~0.26) under the various initial braking velocities and braking pressures. The friction coefficients decreased with increasing the initial velocity and the braking pressure. Wear rate by the thickness change after every 25 stop indicated that ADD-2 and ADD-3 having 1.7~2.7 ㎛/stop/pair were much lower than that of ADD-1 showing 5.0~6.5 ㎛/stop/pair. All specimens showed a little bit lower wear rate during the middle stage than the initial and latter stages among 100 braking stops. ADD-1 showed higher friction coefficient and wear rate due to the active pull-out of fibers, evidenced by thicker wear film and wear debrises.
A Function for the hnRNP A1/A2 Proteins in Transcription Elongation (2015)

The hnRNP A1 and A2 proteins regulate processes such as alternative pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA stability. Here, we report that a reduction in the levels of hnRNP A1 and A2 by RNA interference or their cytoplasmic retention by osmotic stress drastically increases the transcription of a reporter gene. Based on previous work, we propose that this effect may be linked to a decrease in the activity of the transcription elongation factor P-TEFb. Consistent with this hypothesis, the transcription of the reporter gene was stimulated when the catalytic component of P-TEFb, CDK9, was inhibited with DRB. While low levels of A1/A2 stimulated the association of RNA polymerase II with the reporter gene, they also increased the association of CDK9 with the repressor 7SK RNA, and compromised the recovery of promoter-distal transcription on the Kitlg gene after the release of pausing. Transcriptome analysis revealed that more than 50% of the genes whose expression was affected by the siRNA-mediated depletion of A1/A2 were also affected by DRB. RNA polymerase II-chromatin immunoprecipitation assays on DRB-treated and A1/A2-depleted cells identified a common set of repressed genes displaying increased occupancy of polymerases at promoter-proximal locations, consistent with pausing. Overall, our results suggest that lowering the levels of hnRNP A1/A2 elicits defective transcription elongation on a fraction of P-TEFb-dependent genes, hence favoring the transcription of P-TEFb-independent genes.
Construction of plasmid vectors for gene cloning in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. (1982)

The construction and some properties of new hybrid plasmids which are able to replicate in both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis are presented. A 5.5 Md hybrid plasmid pJP9 was constructed from pBR322 (Tc, Ap) and pUB110 (Nm) plasmids. pIM1 (7.0 Md) and pIM3 (7.7 Md) plasmids are its different erythromycin resistant derivatives. Tetracycline, ampicillin, neomycin and possibly erythromycin resistance genes are expressed in E. coli while neomycin and erythromycin resistance genes are expressed in B. subtilis. Insertional inactivation of only one gene is possible using the pJP9 plasmid as a vector in B. subtilis. However, insertional inactivation of at least two different genes can be achieved and monitored in E. coli and B. subtilis transformants in cloning experiments with PIM1 and pIM3 plasmids. Insertional inactivation of antibiotic resistance genes present in pJP9 plasmid was achieved by cloning of Streptococcus sanguis DNA fragments generated by appropriate restriction endonucleases. The pJP9 plasmid and its derivatives were found to be stable in both hosts cells.
Loss of LSD1 (lysine-specific demethylase 1) suppresses growth and alters gene expression of human colon cancer cells in a p53- and DNMT1(DNA methyltransferase 1)-independent manner (2012)

Epigenetic silencing of gene expression is important in cancer. Aberrant DNA CpG island hypermethylation and histone modifications are involved in the aberrant silencing of tumour-suppressor genes. LSD1 (lysine-specific demethylase 1) is a H3K4 (histone H3 Lys4) demethylase associated with gene repression and is overexpressed in multiple cancer types. LSD1 has also been implicated in targeting p53 and DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1), with data suggesting that the demethylating activity of LSD1 on these proteins is necessary for their stabilization. To examine the role of LSD1 we generated LSD1 heterozygous (LSD1+/-) and homozygous (LSD1-/-) knockouts in the human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. The deletion of LSD1 led to a reduced cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, the knockout of LSD1 in HCT116 cells did not result in global increases in its histone substrate H3K4me2 (dimethyl-H3K4) or changes in the stability or function of p53 or DNMT1. However, there was a significant difference in gene expression between cells containing LSD1 and those null for LSD1. The results of the present study suggested that LSD1 is critical in the regulation of cell proliferation, but also indicated that LSD1 is not an absolute requirement for the stabilization of either p53 or DNMT1.
Improving spatial resolution of two-photon microfabrication by using photoinitiator with high initiating efficiency (2007)

The lateral spatial resolution (LSR) in two-photon induced polymerization was improved to 80nm by using an anthracene derivative (9,10-bis-pentyloxy-2,7-bis[2-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-vinyl]anthracene (BPDPA)) as a highly sensitive and efficient photoinitiator. Photocurable resin containing 0.18mol% BPDPA exhibited a low polymerization threshold of 0.64mW at 800nm. Theoretical calculations showed that the LSR can be increased by reducing the laser power, indicating that the LSR could be improved using more sensitive initiators in the future.
Human respiratory syncytial virus non-structural protein NS1 modifies miR-24 expression via transforming growth factor-β (2015)

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major health challenge in the young and elderly owing to the lack of a safe and effective vaccine and proven antiviral drugs. Understanding the mechanisms by which viral genes and proteins modulate the host response to infection is critical for identifying novel disease intervention strategies. In this study, the RSV non-structural protein NS1 was shown to suppress miR-24 expression during infection. Lack of NS1 was linked to increased expression of miR-24, whilst NS1 overexpression suppressed miR-24 expression. NS1 was found to induce Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), a transcription factor that positively regulates the transforming growth factor (TGF)-b pathway to induce cell cycle arrest. Silencing of KLF6 led to increased miR-24 expression via downregulation of TGF-β. Treatment with exogenous TGF-β suppressed miR-24 expression and induced KLF6. Confocal microscopy showed co-localization of KLF6 and RSV NS1. These findings indicated that RSV NS1 interacts with KLF6 and modulates miR-24 expression and TGF-β, which facilitates RSV replication.
Detailed Chemical Composition and Particle Size Assessment of Diesel Engine Exhaust (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A dilution source sampling system has been incorporated into the exhaust measurement system of a research single-cylinder diesel engine. To allow more detailed assessment of the individual chemical components of the diesel particulate matter (PM) the exhaust dilution system includes a residence time chamber (RTC) to allow for residence times of 30 to 60 seconds in the second stage of dilution before sampling.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Samples are collected on a range of different filters where mass loading, elemental and organic carbon (ECOC), trace metals, sulfate ions (SO<sub>4</sub>), particle-phase organic compounds, and semi-volatile organic compounds are evaluated. In addition, particle size distributions have been determined using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS).</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Results show that the chemical composition of the particulate matter is highly dependent on the engine operating conditions. There is a dramatic shift in the ratio of elemental carbon to organic compounds and in the sulfate ions (SO<sub>4</sub>) and trace metals when the engine is traversed across a load and speed range. Similarly there is a shift in the particle size range for which there is virtually no impact on the mass loading.</div>
Convenient synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO<sub>2</sub> and epoxides by simple secondary and primary ammonium iodides as metal‐free catalysts under mild conditions and its application to synthesis of polymer bearing cyclic carbonate moiety (2012)

Abstract Hydroiodides of secondary and primary amines effectively catalyzed the reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxides under mild conditions such as ordinary pressure and ambient temperature, to obtain the corresponding five‐membered cyclic carbonates in moderate to high yields. Detailed investigation showed that the catalytic activity was highly affected by the counter anions of the ammonium salts; the iodides catalyzed efficiently the carbonate‐forming reactions, whereas the bromide and chloride counterparts exhibited almost no catalysis. We also revealed that two important factors on the amine moieties that affected the catalytic reactions. First, the catalytic activity increased with increasing bulkiness of the substituents on the ammonium nitrogen atoms. Second, the catalysis became more efficient as the parent amines become more basic. Dicyclohexylammonium iodide was the best catalyst among the ammonium salts investigated in this study. As an application of this reaction system, we synthesized homo‐ and copolymers bearing epoxide pendant groups as substrates, which were converted with high efficiency into the corresponding homo‐ and copolymers bearing cyclic carbonate pendant groups under 1 atm at 45 °C. All polymers were easily purified simply by precipitation in water, and were isolated in high yields (>95%). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Subsea Systems of the Argyll Area Fields (1990)

Summary This paper highlights the major subsea/subsurface systems and equipment installed over the past several years in the Argyll area fields that have resulted in extended field life. Three major innovations emphasize the design philosophy of minimizing cost while maximizing flexibility, reliability, and the use of simple, existing technology. Details include the pioneering installation of gas lift, waterflooding of the Duncan field with its unique manifold system, and remote tie-in of wells 9 miles [14 km] away with a simple hydraulic system.
Practical aspects of Kelvin probe force microscopy (1999)

We discuss practical aspects of Kelvin probe force microscopy (KFM) which are important to obtain stable images of the electric surface potential distribution at high spatial resolution (&lt;100 nm) and high potential sensitivity (&lt;1 mV) on conducting and nonconducting samples. We compare metal-coated and semiconducting tips with respect to their suitability for KFM. Components of the metal coating can become detached during scanning, introducing sudden offset jumps in the potential maps (typically up to 350 mV between adjacent scan lines). However, n-doped silicon tips show no substantial tip alterations and, therefore, provide a stable reference during the experiment (offset jumps typically up to 40 mV between adjacent scan lines). These semiconducting tips must be electrically connected via contact pads. We use InGa and colloidal silver pads which are easily applied to the substrate supporting the cantilever and have a low enough differential contact resistance (350 Ω and 2.2 kΩ, respectively). Furthermore, we introduce a simple procedure to fine tune the feedback which detects the electric surface potential and show how the basic KFM setup has to be modified to gain access to the necessary control signals.
Multiple Initial Point Prediction based Block Motion Estimation Algorithm (2007)

A novel, computationally efficient and robust scheme for multiple initial point prediction has been proposed in this paper. A combination of spatial and temporal predictors has been used for initial motion vector prediction, determination of magnitude and direction of motion and search pattern selection. Initially three predictors from the spatio-temporal neighbouring blocks are selected. If all these predictors point to the same quadrant then a simple search pattern based on the direction and magnitude of the final predicted motion vector is selected. However if the predictors belong to different quadrants then we start the search from multiple initial points to get a clear idea of the location of minimum point. In this case a small rood search pattern has been selected. The predictive search center is closer to the global minimum and thus decreases the effect of monotonic error surface assumption and its impact on the motion field. Its additional advantage is that it moves the search closer to the global minimum hence increases the computation speed. Further computational speed up has been obtained by considering the zero motion threshold for no motion blocks, and, specialized rood search pattern. The image quality measured in terms of PSNR also shows good results.