gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated electro-optic Q switching in a domain-inverted Nd:LiTaO_3 laser (1995)

We report a novel integrated Q-switched laser constructed from a bulk domain-inverted single Nd:LiTaO(3) crystal that combines the laser gain and the electro-optic effect. The Q of the cavity is controlled electro-optically by exploitation of the deflection that occurs at the boundary of two oppositely directed domains under the application of an electric field. The integrated Q-switching element, with dimensions of 4.1 mm x 4.6 mm x 1 mm, generates 22-ns pulses at 1.08 microm with a peak power of 64 W and an operating voltage of ~600 V. The output is seen to be completely free from prelasing or afterpulsing.
719. The rearrangement of sulphinic esters (1958)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Unravelling the mechanism of large room-temperature magnetoresistance in silicon (2009)

In this experimental study, we confirm that the magnetoresistance effect measured in boron-doped Si-SiO2-Al structures originates from bulk silicon, and prove that the magnetic field non-uniformly squeezes the acceptor wave functions. In line with the expectation that the effect of a magnetic field on an acceptor wave function becomes stronger with increasing distance from the impurity centre, we show that the magnetoresistance increases for decreasing doping concentration, although the role of background impurities in this process cannot be completely excluded. When using an ultrathin insulating layer instead of ohmic contacts in the latter devices, large constant-voltage magnetoresistances (MR > 1000% at 1 MA m-1) are obtained in low-doped silicon at room temperature.
Dimensionality Reduction of Hyperspectral Image with Graph-Based Discriminant Analysis Considering Spectral Similarity (2017)

Recently, graph embedding has drawn great attention for dimensionality reduction in hyperspectral imagery. For example, locality preserving projection (LPP) utilizes typical Euclidean distance in a heat kernel to create an affinity matrix and projects the high-dimensional data into a lower-dimensional space. However, the Euclidean distance is not sufficiently correlated with intrinsic spectral variation of a material, which may result in inappropriate graph representation. In this work, a graph-based discriminant analysis with spectral similarity (denoted as GDA-SS) measurement is proposed, which fully considers curves changing description among spectral bands. Experimental results based on real hyperspectral images demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to traditional methods, such as supervised LPP, and the state-of-the-art sparse graph-based discriminant analysis (SGDA).
Hippocampal protection in mice with an attenuated inflammatory monocyte response to acute CNS picornavirus infection (2012)

Neuronal injury during acute viral infection of the brain is associated with the development of persistent cognitive deficits and seizures in humans. In C57BL/6 mice acutely infected with the Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, hippocampal CA1 neurons are injured by a rapid innate immune response, resulting in profound memory deficits. In contrast, infected SJL and B6xSJL F1 hybrid mice exhibit essentially complete hippocampal and memory preservation. Analysis of brain-infiltrating leukocytes revealed that SJL mice mount a sharply attenuated inflammatory monocyte response as compared to B6 mice. Bone marrow transplantation experiments isolated the attenuation to the SJL immune system. Adoptive transfer of B6 inflammatory monocytes into acutely infected B6xSJL hosts converted these mice to a hippocampal damage phenotype and induced a cognitive deficit marked by failure to recognize a novel object. These findings show that inflammatory monocytes are the critical cellular mediator of hippocampal injury during acute picornavirus infection of the brain.
Sorption and diffusion of gases in glassy polymers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSorption and diffusion of gases in glassy polymersEizo Sada, Hidehiro Kumazawa, Hiroshi Yakushiji, Yukio Bamba, Kazuhiko Sakata, and Shao Ting WangCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1987, 26, 3, 433–438Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00063a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00063a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views346Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Connexin Hemichannels and Gap Junction Channels Are Differentially Influenced by Lipopolysaccharide and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (2006)

Gap junction (GJ) channels are formed by two hemichannels (connexons), each contributed by the cells taking part in this direct cell-cell communication conduit. Hemichannels that do not interact with their counterparts on neighboring cells feature as a release pathway for small paracrine messengers such as nucleotides, glutamate, and prostaglandins. Connexins are phosphorylated by various kinases, and we compared the effect of various kinase-activating stimuli on GJ channels and hemichannels. Using peptides identical to a short connexin (Cx) amino acid sequence to specifically block hemichannels, we found that protein kinase C, Src, and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) inhibited GJs and hemichannel-mediated ATP release in Cx43-expressing C6 glioma cells (C6-Cx43). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) inhibited GJs, but they stimulated ATP release via hemichannels in C6-Cx43. LPS and bFGF inhibited hemichannel-mediated ATP release in HeLa-Cx43 cells, but they stimulated it in HeLa-Cx43 with a truncated carboxy-terminal (CT) domain or in HeLa-Cx26, which has a very short CT. Hemichannel potentiation by LPS was inhibited by blockers of the arachidonic acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid had a potentiating effect like LPS and bFGF. We conclude that GJ channels and hemichannels display similar or oppositely directed responses to modulatory influences, depending on the balance between kinase activity and the activity of the arachidonic acid pathway. Distinctive hemichannel responses to pathological stimulation with LPS or bFGF may serve to optimize the cell response, directed at strictly controlling cellular ATP release, switching from direct GJ communication to indirect paracrine signaling, or maximizing cell-protective strategies.
EUS of the Normal Pancreas (2011)

One of the foundational applications of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) remains is the detailed examination of the pancreas. To detect pathology accurately, one must be familiar with all the variations of normal pancreatic anatomy and endosonographic appearances of this small organ. Whether to use radial or linear imaging of the pancreas is really a matter of preference and instrument availability as studies have shown that both techniques are equally capable of completely imaging the pancreas. Radial imaging is probably a little more rapid in being able to fully survey the pancreas and to display the pancreatic ductal anatomy in a longitudinal projection. Linear EUS has the advantage of being able to go directly to fine needle aspiration if pathology is found. In our own institution, where we perform multiple endosonographic procedures sequentially in parallel rooms, the choice of instrument often simply depends on which scope is available from the washroom. Thus, our endosonographers have to be able to move seamlessly between radial and linear instruments. Most expert endosonographers use a “station” approach to aid in completely examining the pancreas and its adjacent structures. Although the specific stations used in radial and linear endosonography vary from institution to institution, they uniformly include viewing the pancreas from the body of the stomach, the duodenal bulb, and the mid and deep duodenum.
Evolution of particle velocity correlations in sedimentation (2000)

The velocity field of a dilute monodisperse sedimenting suspension is measured as a function of time with the Eulerian particle image velocimetry technique. The sedimentation process is observed to be dominated by vortices of the size of the container in the initial moments after the cessation of mixing, which diminish with time and seem to reach an ultimate size ≈15–20 mean interparticle distances.
A low stress 20dBm power amplifier for LINC transmission with 50% peak PAE in 0.25 µm CMOS (2000)

A low stress 1-GHz 0.25µm CMOS power amplifier intended for Linear Amplification with Non-linear Components(LINC) transmission is presented. The class-D output stage is partially soft-switched with a stacked pseudoclass-E pre-amplifier driver for increased efficiency. Operating from a 2.5V supply, the amplifier achieves a 50% Power-Added Efficiency(PAE) with a 1-GHz CW signal at a peak output power of 20 dBm. Two tone measurements yield a PAE of 35% with inter-modulation components below 35dBc.
Acute in vivo effects of IL-3 alone and in combination with IL-6 on the blood cells of the circulation and bone marrow. (1989)

Recombinant human IL-3 administered intravenously to rats as a single injection induced peripheral neutrophilia and monocytosis beginning at 4 to 6 hours after injection, peaking at 8 hours, and subsiding to normal by 12 to 24 hours. IL-3 did not induce an initial neutropenia such as accompanies endotoxin-, G-CSF-, and TNF-induced neutrophilia, or lymphopenia such as accompanies endotoxin-, IL-1-, and TNF-induced neutrophilia. The IL-3-induced peripheral neutrophilia was accompanied by a decrease in mature marrow neutrophils, indicating that the mechanism of neutrophilia was through marrow release rather than by demargination, which occurs after the administration of epinephrine or IL-6. The release of mature marrow neutrophils further suggests that IL-3 either has intrinsic neutrophil releasing activity or indirectly causes neutrophil release through the gene expression of a second cytokine. IL-3 induced a striking left-shifted myeloid hyperplasia in the bone marrow at 8 hours that morphologically was very similar to that observed after administration of endotoxin, a finding consistent with the hypothesis of previous investigators that endotoxin may in part act indirectly on hematopoietic cells by eliciting local marrow production of IL-3. Finally, IL-3 induced an increase in marrow pronormoblasts at 8 hours, consistent with the in vitro proliferative effect of IL-3 on erythroid stem cells. The combination of IL-3 and IL-6 induced a synergistic peripheral neutrophilia and monocytosis and a striking synergistic increase in marrow mast cells. The combination of IL-3 and IL-6 also induced an erythroid and left-shifted myeloid hyperplasia such as would be expected given the individual effects of these hematopoietic growth factors.
Comparison and Evaluation of Power Factor Correction Topologies for Industrial Applications (2013)

Power factor correction is a major issue for all industries, since a typical industrial load is causing current delays, as well as higher order current harmonics. Power factor correction is often mandatory from the power companies, usually by charging the reactive power that the company consumes. Many solutions for power factor correction have been presented in the bibliography; in this paper, the most significant power factor correction topologies will be reviewed and simulated with SABER RD software. Finally, a prototype design will be presented, based on a mass/cost analysis of the selected topologies and with an aim to manufacture 10 kW modules. The main outcome of this work is the feasibility for an SME to manufacture a competitive modular power factor correction product for industrial applications.
LAN Switching First-Step (2004)

Your first step into the world of LAN switching No LAN switching experience required Includes clear and easily understood explanations Makes learning easyYour first step to LAN switching begins here! Learn local-area network (LAN) key concepts and terminology Identify key issues involved with designing and managing a switched LAN Answer the question: do I need a hub, a bridge, or a switch?Welcome to the world of LAN switching!Network switches work by connecting network paths together and making intelligent decisions about moving traffic in a network. By keeping track of changes in the network, switches reduce congestion and improve speed.No LAN switching experience needed!LAN Switching First-Step explains the basics of LAN switching in easy-to-grasp language that all of us can understand. This book takes you on a guided tour of the key concepts behind how bridges and switches work. Whether you are looking to take your first step into a career in networking or are interested in just gaining a conversational knowledge of the technology, this book is for you!
Logic Programming on a Topological Bilattice1 (1988)

We investigate the semantics of logic programming using a generalized space of truth values. These truth values may be thought of as evidences for and against – possibly incomplete or contradictory. The truth value spaces we use essentially have the structure of M. Ginsberg’s bilattices, and arise from topological spaces. The simplest example is a four-valued logic, previously investigated by N. Belnap. The theory of this special case properly contains that developed in earlier research by the author, on logic programming using Kleene’s three-valued logic.
[Galectin-7 is associated with bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis in asthmatic children]. (2006)

Galectin-7 may be associated with bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis in asthma.
A Methodology to Estimate Residual Source Statics from 2D/3D VSP Data (2014)

Summary The estimation and correction of residual source statics is critical to the accurate imaging of land WVSP (walkway VSP) and 3D VSP data. We present here a new methodology to estimate residual source statics from WVSP and/or 3D VSP data. We adapt the Fomel and Stovas’ traveltime function originally developed for surface seismic reflection moveout corrections to fit the first-break (FB) times in WVSP or 3D VSP data with large source offsets, for any anisotropic (VTI) layered velocity model. We employ a global optimization algorithm called simulated annealing (SA) to automatically search for the four parameters in the Fomel and Stovas’ traveltime function. After the best-fit FB time function is solved, the residual source statics are straightforwardly derived by calculating the deviation of the FB time of each source from the fitting function curve. We demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of our methodology using synthetic model data and a field WVSP dataset. The end result of the application of accurate residual statics is better migration focusing and subsequent improvement in the image quality of the VSP data.
10 GHz modelocked, dispersion-managed and polarisation-maintainingerbium fibre ring laser with variable output coupling (1998)

A 10 GHz regeneratively modelocked, dispersion-managed and polarisation-maintaining erbium fibre ring laser has been constructed with a variable outcoupling; it produced very stable and nearly chirp-free 3.2 – 8.1 ps sech2 pulses at 1560 nm. It is experimentally shown that the stable operation region of the ML-EFRL is extended by increasing the laser output coupling.
Restoring Anti-Oncodriver Th1 Responses with Dendritic Cell Vaccines in HER2/ <i>neu</i> -Positive Breast Cancer: Progress and Potential (2016)

HER2/neu is expressed in the majority of in situ breast cancers, but maintained in 20-30% of invasive breast cancer (IBC). During breast tumorigenesis, there is a progressive loss of anti-HER2 CD4(pos) Th1 (anti-HER2Th1) from benign to ductal carcinoma in situ, with almost complete loss in IBC. This anti-HER2Th1 response can predict response to neoadjuvant therapy, risk of recurrence and disease-free survival. Vaccines consisting of HER2-pulsed type I polarized dendritic cells (DC1) administered during ductal carcinoma in situ and early IBC can efficiently correct anti-HER2Th1 response and have clinical impact on the disease. In this review, we will discuss the role of anti-HER2Th1 response in the three phases of immunoediting during HER2 breast cancer development and opportunities for reversing these processes using DC1 vaccines alone or in combination with standard therapies. Correcting the anti-HER2Th1 response may represent an opportunity for improving outcomes and providing a path to eliminate escape variants.
A 250-MHz wave pipelined adder in 2-μm CMOS (1994)

Wave pipelining (also known as maximal rate pipelining) is a timing methodology used in digital systems to increase the number of effective pipelined stages without increasing the number of physical registers in the system. Using this technique, new data are applied to the inputs of a combinational block before the previous outputs are available, thus effectively pipelining the combinational logic. Achieving a high degree of wave pipelining in CMOS technology requires careful study of delay balancing technique involving circuit design, layout method, and testing structure. A 16-b parallel adder, utilizing wave pipelining is implemented with MOSIS 2-/spl mu/m technology and test results of fabricated devices show more than nine times speedup over nonpipelined operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Jordan neural network for modelling and predictive control of dynamic systems (2015)

This paper discusses the possibility of using a Jordan neural network as a model of dynamic systems and it presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm in which such a network is used for prediction. The Jordan network is a simple recurrent neural structure in which only one value of the process input signal (from the previous sampling instant) and only one value of the delayed output signal of the model (from the previous sampling instant) are used as the inputs of the network. In order to obtain a computationally simple MPC algorithm, the nonlinear Jordan neural model is repeatedly linearised on-line around an operating point, which leads to a quadratic optimisation problem. Effectiveness of the described MPC algorithm is compared with that of the truly nonlinear MPC scheme with on-line nonlinear optimisation performed at each sampling instant.
cDNA Microarray Analysis Reveals that Antioxidant and Immune Genes Are Upregulated During Involution of the Bovine Mammary Gland (2008)

We have used cDNA microarray analysis to identify genes that play a role in bovine mammary involution. Involution was induced by termination of milking, and alveolar tissue was collected from 48 nonpregnant Friesian cows in mid lactation sacrificed at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72, and 192 h (n = 6/group) postmilking. The most highly upregulated genes were those associated with oxidative stress. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR analysis confirmed that mRNA expression of spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase was increased by 24 h, superoxide dismutase 2 and metallothionein 1A by 36 h, and glutathione peroxidase by 72 h postmilking. The mRNA expression of the host defense proteins lactoferrin and lingual antimicrobial peptide were increased by 192 h postmilking. A dramatic increase in the protein expression of lactoferrin by 192 h postmilking was also detected by Western analysis. Decreased mRNA expression of the milk protein genes alpha(S1)-, beta-, and kappa-casein, and alpha-lactalbumin were early events in the process of involution occurring within 24 to 36 h postmilking, whereas beta-lactoglobulin mRNA was decreased by 192 h postmilking. Decreases in alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin protein levels in alveolar tissue occurred by 24 and 192 h postmilking, respectively, and the cell survival factors beta1-integrin and focal adhesion kinase were decreased by 72 and 192 h postmilking, respectively. The results demonstrate that in the bovine mammary gland, decreased milk protein gene expression and cell survival signaling are associated with multiple protective responses to oxidative stress that occur before the induction of immune responses and mammary epithelial cell apoptosis during involution.
Chlororespiration: an adaptation to nitrogen deficiency in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (1991)

When grown under nitrogen limitation, pronounced chlororespiratory activity develops together with an altered composition of thylakoid membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Relative to control cultures, the flash-inhibited, chlororespiration-dependent O2 consumption signal increases 10-fold. Also augmented is the light-sensitive respiratory activity responsible for the "Kok effect," reflecting competitive inhibition of chlororespiratory electron transport by photosystem I. Fluorescence measurements show that the thylakoid plastoquinone pool is extensively reduced in dark-adapted, N-limited cells. Thylakoids of N-limited cells have reduced amounts of cytochrome b6, cytochrome f, and light-harvesting complexes. However, thylakoid-bound NADH-PQ oxidoreductase, with major subunits of 51 kDa and 17 kDa, is increased 7-fold and two novel cytochromes of 34 and 12.5 kDa are highly abundant. Thus, components of photosynthetic and chlororespiratory electron transport pathways are differentially regulated by N availability.
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation Enhances Presentation of a MHC Class I-Restricted Epitope from Tyrosinase (2009)

We recently demonstrated that the mechanism of processing of an HLA-A*0201-restricted peptide epitope, Tyr(369)(D), derived from the membrane protein tyrosinase, involves retrotranslocation of glycosylated molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol, removal of an N-linked carbohydrate from Asn(371) by peptide N-glycanase, proteolysis by the proteasome and other proteases, and retransport of the resulting peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum for association with HLA-A*0201. Carbohydrate removal results in deamidation of Asn(371) to aspartic acid. The asparagine-containing homolog of this peptide, Tyr(369)(N), is not presented by tyrosinase-expressing cells, and this has been presumed to be due to quantitative glycosylation of Asn(371). Although examining cytosolic intermediates that accumulated in human melanoma cells treated with proteasome inhibitors, we were surprised to find both molecules that had been deglycosylated by peptide N-glycanase and a large number of molecules that had not been previously glycosylated. The failure of Tyr(369)(N) to be processed and presented from these latter molecules may be partially due to a process of deamidation independent of glycosylation. However, we also established that proteasomes degrade tyrosinase molecules that are still glycosylated, giving rise to a set of discrete intermediates that are not observed when unglycosylated molecules are degraded. We propose that Tyr(369)(N) fails to be presented because unglycosylated tyrosinase is degraded rapidly and relatively nonselectively. In contrast, glycosylation alters the selectivity of tyrosinase processing by the proteasome, enhancing the production or survival of Tyr(369)(D).