gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of HLA class I/II antigens and T cell immune response in human neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (2003)

Peptide presentation by HLA class I and II antigens regulates specific antigen recognition by T cells. The present study aimed to investigate T cell infiltration and its relation to HLA antigen expression in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Fresh tissue samples were collected from five insulinomas and six other neuroendocrine tumors (one gastrinoma, one glucagonoma, two carcinoid, and two neuroendocrine carcinomas). Normal pancreatic and splenic tissue samples were used as controls. Investigation of infiltrating lymphocyte populations, as well as staining of HLA class I and II antigens, were performed by standard immunohistochemistry. The majority of investigated tumors demonstrated an intratumoral infiltration by CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that was significantly higher than in normal pancreatic islets. Only a minority of tumor-infiltrating T cells showed the CD45RO+ phenotype. The expression of HLA class I antigen was altered in 10 of 11 tumors. A loss of beta-2microglobulin represented the most frequent type of alteration to HLA class I expression, although the total loss of HLA class I was found in only one case of neuroendocrine carcinoma. HLA class II molecules were expressed by endothelial and lymphoid cells and not by tumor cells. In conclusion most neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors induce a T cell mediated immune response resulting in an intratumoral infiltration with CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Loss of beta-2microglobulin is a frequent alteration in these tumors, which may influence the normal function of the HLA class I antigen complex. In contrast to malignant tumors of the exocrine pancreas, expression of HLA class II was absent in neuendocrine pancreatic tumor cells.
Flexible Abstraction Layers for VR Application Development (2007)

The development of domain-specific virtual reality applications is often a slow and laborious process. The integration of the domain-specific functionality in an interactive Virtual Environment requires close collaboration between domain expert and VR developer, as well as the integration of domain-specific data and software in a VR application. The software environment needs to support the entire development process and software life cycle, from the early stages of iterative, rapid prototyping to a final end-user application. In this paper, we propose the use of flexible abstraction layers in the form of a dynamic scripting language, which act as the glue between VR system components and external software libraries and applications. First, we discuss the motivation and potential of our approach, after which we overview related approaches. Then, we describe the integration of a Python interpreter in our VR toolkit. The potential of our integration approach is demonstrated by rapid prototyping features, the flexible extension of core functionality and the integration of an external toolkit. We conclude with an overview of implications our approach has for the future development of new framework features and application integration
Formation of 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines as proline specific Maillard products (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines as proline specific Maillard productsRoland Tressl, Dieter Rewicki, Bernd Helak, Heinrich Kamperschroer, and Norbert MartinCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1985, 33, 5, 919–923Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00065a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00065a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Cell cycle regulation by anticancer agent]. (1995)

Some anticancer agents induce cell cycle arrest. We analyzed the effect of anticancer agents on cell-cycle regulators, such as CDK. Our data suggested that arresting cells in the G2-phase of the cell cycle by cisplatin might be regulated by dephosphorylation of cdc2 kinase. Butyrolactone I inhibits both cdc2 and CDK2 kinase in the cell-free system. The cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel shows mainly in the M-phase of the cell cycle. Suramin inhibits cdc2 kinase. UCN-01, a protein kinase-C inhibitor, also inhibits both cdc2 and CDK2 kinase. Some anticancer agents induce apoptosis.
Urea-induced inactivation, dissociation and unfolding of the allosteric phosphofructokinase from Escherichia coli (1989)

The influence of urea on the allosteric phosphofructokinase from Escherichia coli has been studied by measuring the changes in enzymatic activity, protein fluorescence, circular dichroism, and retention in size-exclusion chromatography. Tetrameric, dimeric, and monomeric forms of the protein can be discriminated by their elution from a high-performance liquid chromatography gel filtration column. Three successive steps can be detected during the urea-induced denaturation of phosphofructokinase: (i) the dissociation of the native tetramer into dimers which abolishes the activity; (ii) the dissociation of dimers into monomers which exposes the unique tryptophan, Trp-311, to the aqueous solvent; (iii) the unfolding of the monomers which disrupts most of the secondary structure. This pathway involves the ordered dissociation of the interfaces between subunits and supports a previous hypothesis (Deville-Bonne et al., 1989). Phosphofructokinase can be quantitatively renatured from urea solutions, provided that precautions are taken to avoid the aggregation of one insoluble monomeric state. The renaturation of phosphofructokinase from urea implies three steps: an initial folding reaction within the monomeric state is followed by two successive association steps. The faster association step restores the native fluorescence, and the slower regenerates the active enzyme. The renaturation and denaturation of phosphofructokinase correspond to the complex pathway: tetramer in equilibrium dimer in equilibrium folded monomer in equilibrium unfolded monomer. It is found that the subunit interface which forms the regulatory site is more stable and associates 40 times more rapidly than the subunit interface which forms the active site.
ECO-GSAI "Gravity Stable Air Injection" Pilot Test, an Enhanced Oil Recovery Opportunity to be Implemented in Chichimene Field – Colombia (2012)

Abstract In order to improve the oil production and recovery in Chichimene heavy oil field, an air injection process is planned to be implemented: GSAI (Gravity Stable Air Injection). The first step is to conduct a pilot test in the field with a startup planned for 2013. Laboratory work and analysis with analytical and numerical models indicated that the process can achieve of around 30% of additional recovery factor over primary production. Chichimene is one of the Ecopetrol S.A heavy oil fields, located 50 km south of Villavicencio city, Meta. The field has been in production since 2002 from the T2 formation using vertical wells with conventional casing (approximately 20 wells), drilled on 40 acre spacing and without water production so far, API gravity of 10 °API and viscosity of 150 cp at reservoir conditions (185° F and 3600 psia). At such a reservoir conditions the crude has good mobility making it a good candidate for ECO-GSAI technology. A similar opportunity, but less favorable in Suplacu of Barcau (Romania), has shown improvement in the recovery factor of 9% to over 50%. This paper presents the screening, reservoir characterization, laboratory work, numerical simulation, and other design considerations for planning and justification of the pilot.
Theory of electromagnetic testing of laminated stator cores (1994)

Stator cores of generators and large motors are often tested for damage using an electromagnetic technique known as ELCID (Electromagnetic Core Imperfection Detector). This paper considers two aspects of the theory of ELCID operation. The first analyses fault currents flowing between laminations in short damages regions on the inside surface of the core. It shows that the remakable ability of ELCID to detect short faults at the base of the stator slots from measurements at the teeth tips arises from the laminated structure of the core. Although most damage is confined to the surface of the core, problems occasionally occur within the core itself
Plastic flow localization in bulk tungsten with ultrafine microstructure (2005)

Shear localization is demonstrated in bulk tungsten (W) of commercial purity under dynamic uniaxial compression. Microstructure refinement via severe plastic deformation was the strategy used to induce this unusual deformation mode for W. The ultrafine microstructure achieved in bcc materials leads to elevated strength and ductility, as well as reduced strain hardening and strain rate hardening, thus enhancing the propensity for adiabatic plastic flow localization.
Solubility products of the rare-earth carbonates (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility products of the rare-earth carbonatesF. Henry Firsching and Javad MohammadzadeiCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1986, 31, 1, 40–42Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00043a013https://doi.org/10.1021/je00043a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1067Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Group state estimation algorithm using Foliage Penetration GMTI radar detections (2014)

This paper describes an algorithm for integrating detections from Foliage Penetrating (FOPEN) Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) radar, to recognize groups of dismounts moving through dense foliage, and to estimate the group states, including the group sizes and the directions of their movements. Difficulties of processing FOPEN GMTI radar detections are best characterized as low target-state-dependent detection probabilities and high non-uniform persistent false alarm densities. To overcome these difficulties, we use the Sum-of-Gaussian (SOG) or Gaussian-Mixture (GM) Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density (CPHD) method to detect and track individual dismounts, and then, apply a group dynamics recognition method to the CPHD outputs to recognize the formation and the behavior of the dismounts groups.
Performance Contracting: Meeting the Challenge of Deferred Maintenance. (2001)

The deteriorating physical condition of many American college and university campuses is well documented and demands positive action to reverse this trend. ESCOs have a solution
Kalman filter based system identification exploiting the decorrelation effects of linear prediction (2017)

In system identification one problem is the autocorrelation of the excitation signal which often crucially affects the adaptation process. This paper focuses on the Kalman filter based adaptation working in the frequency domain and the implication due to correlated signal input. Principle simulations and the introduction of a reference model indicate to which extent correlation take effect. The experimental results demonstrate that even though the Kalman approach already takes advantage from a certain level of inherent decorrelation, it also benefits from additional decorrelation. To address this issue, we derive a new realizable efficient structure combining the Kalman filter based adaptation with linear prediction techniques. The performance gains of the proposed approach are confirmed via experiments for an acoustic echo cancellation application for different scenarios.
Seasonal forecasting of winds, waves and currents in the North Pacific (2018)

This study assesses the skill of seasonal forecasts for the environmental variables of surface wind speed, ocean surface current speed and significant wave height in the North Pacific. The ultimate goal is to use the forecasts for vessel routing. The surface wind speed and ocean surface current speed is taken from retrospective forecasts for the period of 1982–2015 using the Community Climate System Model 4. The wave data are obtained from a WAVEWATCH III experiment forced with winds and currents. Several lead time forecasts are investigated from 0–6 months, resulting in a total of 2720 years. This ensures that the findings from this study are robust. July is the most benign month in the North Pacific and is used as the target forecast. July surface wind speed and significant wave height are shown to be predictable, with the western North Pacific being the most predictable region. Beyond a lead time of 2 months, the forecast skill of significant wave height decreases. However, there is skill for July surface wind speed with initial conditions for January (lead time of 6 months). This study shows that there is potential to use seasonal forecast data for vessel routing, in particular, in the Tropics.Abbreviations: CCSM4: Community Climate System Model 4; CFSR: Climate Forecast System Reanalysis; ENSO: El Niño Southern Oscillation; ECMWF: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; ERA-Interim: ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis; ERS: European Remote Sensing; GFO: GEOSAT Follow-ON; Hs: Significant wave height; JCOMM: Joint Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology; LCS: Littoral Combat Ship; NCEP: National Centers for Environmental Prediction; NEMO: Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean; P90: 90th percentile; PDO: Pacific Decadal Oscillation; PMM: Pacific Meridional Model; ORAP5: ECMWF Ocean Re-Analysis Pilot 5; RMSE: Root Mean Square Error; ROC: Relative Operating Characteristics; RPS: Ranked Probability Score; RPSS: Ranked Probability Skill Score; SARAL: Satellite with ARgos and ALtiKa; SSALTO/DUACS: Segment Sol Multimissions d'Altimétrie, d'Orbitographie et de Localisation Précise of the Data Unification and Altimeter Combination; WAM: Wave Assimilation Model; WW3: WAVEWATCH III
BaCe<sub>0.85-x</sub>Zr<sub>x</sub>Sm<sub>0.15</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub>(0.01 < x < 0.3) (BCZS): Effect of Zr Content in BCZS on Chemical Stability in CO<sub>2</sub>and H<sub>2</sub>O Vapor, and Proton Conductivity (2012)

In this paper, we report the chemical stability of a highly proton conducting Sm+Zr–codoped BaCe0.85-xZrxSm0.15O3-δ (BCZS) (0.01 < x < 0.3) in H2O vapor and CO2, and their electrical conductivity in air, N2 + 3% H2O, H2 + 3% H2O and N2 + 3% D2O. All the prepared BCZS was found to be structurally stable against reaction with pure CO2 at 400°C for 24 h, showing a positive role of Zr in providing chemical stability. However, at 600°C for 24 h, BCZS (0 < x < 0.2) showed the formation of BaCO3, while x = 0.3 remained stable at 20% CO2 in N2. Upon exposure to H2O vapor at 90°C, Ba(OH)2.xH2O formation was observed for all the investigated BCZS whereas at 600°C all were found to be chemically stable. A maximum conductivity of 5 × 10−3 Scm−1 is obtained for x = 0.3 member, which is about 40% of its Zr-free parent compound BaCe0.85Sm0.15O3-δ (BCS). Current work shows that despite the drop in conductivity, Zr doping in BCS provides stability under pure CO2, especially considering the goal of decreasing operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) below 500°C.
Zinc Finger and Carboxyl Regions of Adenovirus E1A 13S CR3 Are Important for Transactivation of the Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate Early Promoter by Adenovirus (2000)

Reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of disease in susceptible patients. We previously demonstrated that an adenovirus early gene product can transactivate the CMV major immediate early (IE) promoter in inflammatory cells. This effect was due to the conserved region 3 (CR3) of the adenovirus E1A 13S gene product. There are two domains in the CR3 region, a zinc finger (aa 147-177) and a carboxyl (aa 180-188) domain. Both are crucial for transactivation of downstream promoter elements of adenovirus in E1A 13S. We sought to determine if either or both of these specific domains is also necessary for transactivation of the CMV IE promoter by the adenovirus E1A 13S gene product. We cotransfected T-lymphocyte Jurkat cells and monocyte/macrophage-like THP-1 cells with plasmids expressing wild-type (WT) or CR3 mutant E1A 13S and a CMV IE chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter construct. With extracts of cells coinfected with E1A WT set to 100%, mutation in the zinc finger domain, the carboxyl domain, or both domains decreased CMV IE CAT activity by >/= 96%. In contrast, a mutation in the region between the zinc finger and carboxyl domains reduced CMV IE CAT activity by only 24 to 26%. Mixing studies in Jurkat cells confirmed the importance of these domains. We also evaluated the active site of the CMV IE promoter involved in transactivation in THP-1 cells using CMV IE promoter deletions and single promoter element constructs. These studies showed that progressive deletion of the 19-bp CMV IE repeats containing cyclic AMP response element binding protein/activating transcription factor (CREB/ATF) sites resulted in progressive loss of activity. The importance of this element was confirmed using single promoter elements containing CMV IE 16-, 18-, 19-, and 21-bp repeats. Finally, using a 19-bp single promoter element construct and the CR3 mutants we demonstrated that mutations in the zinc finger (C171S) carboxyl region (S185N) or both regions (C171S/ S185N) resulted in significant (83, 94, and 85%) loss of activity. We conclude that the zinc finger and carboxyl domains of the CR3 region of E1A 13S are necessary for transactivation of the CMV promoter and that this occurs mainly through activation of the 19-bp CREB/ATF site of the promoter.
The relationship between the pragmatics of preposed objects and the decline of topicalization in the history of English (2004)

Topicalization is distinct from left dislocation in that it does not have a coreferential pronoun in canonical position and also has a different discourse function. (For the pragmatics of left dislocation see Prince, 1997.) Topicalization can also be differentiated from Focus Movement in that the tonic stress does not fall on the preposed constituent. Topicalization remains possible in Modem English, though concomitant movement of the verb is ungrammatical, as demonstrated in (3) and (4):
Performance of an improved InGaAsP ridge waveguide laser at 1.3 μm (1981)

Single-mode, CW ridge lasers at 1.3 μm have been made with threshold currents as low as 125 mA at 25°C using a symmetrical wafer structure. Performance is interpreted in terms of ridge guiding and injected carrier antiguiding.
20. The production of organo-metalloidal compounds by micro-organisms. Part II. Dimethyl selenide (1934)

F. Challenger and H. E. North, J. Chem. Soc., 1934, 68 DOI: 10.1039/JR9340000068
Magnetization Transfer between Water and Macromolecules in Proton MRI (2007)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 Controlling Parameters in Saturation Transfer 3 Quantification 4 Applications 5 Summary 6 Biographical Sketch Related Articles
Aqueous Foams for Control of Gas Migration and Water Coning in Aquifer Gas Storage (1990)

Abstract Two causes of poor recoverability are migration of stored gas far from the injection well and upward coning of water into withdrawal wells. The authors conducted laboratory and numerical simulation investigation of the use of aqueous foams to block the flow of gas or liquid to ameliorate these problems. Experiments in sandstone cores showed that foam reduces the permeability to gas and liquid by approximately three orders of magnitude. A numerical simulation study showed that water coning could be significantly delayed by placing a horizontal foam lens just above the gas-water interface. Also discussed are the conditions for forming foam in situ, the feasibility of emplacing a foam bank, and the durability of permeability reduction. Laboratory experiments and numerical simulation indicate potential for significantly improving the efficiency of aquifer gas storage with aqueous foams. A field trial of foam to prevent water coning is recommended.
Modelling and robust control of an inverted pendulum driven by a pneumatic cylinder (2015)

In this paper a practical method for robust control of an inverted pendulum driven by a linear pneumatic actuator is presented. The whole system mathematical model is derived, verified and utilized in the paper to guide the initial design of the robust control strategy. The control strategy consists of an inner loop controlling the force acting on the piston by means of a PI controller; and the position and angle of the pendulum are controlled via a full state feedback outer loop controller. A friction estimator compensates for the variable nonlinear friction distribution. The merits and strength of the controllers are highlighted by comparison of the control strategy with a more complex model-based nonlinear feedback linearization controller for the inner loop. The proposed control strategy can achieve the desired control performance under disturbances and uncertainties caused by unknown external forces, frictions, initial positions and sudden changes in desired position.
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) based LDPC-coded free-space optical communication (2010)

An orbital angular momentum (OAM) based LDPC-coded modulation scheme suitable for use in FSO communication is proposed. We demonstrate that proposed scheme can operate under strong atmospheric turbulence regime and enable 100Gb/s optical transmission while employing 10Gb/s components.