gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Noncatalytic Amino Terminus of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase 1 Directs Nuclear Targeting and Serum Response Element Transcriptional Regulation (2005)

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) is an immediate-early gene comprised of a dual-specificity phosphatase domain and a noncatalytic NH(2) terminus. Here, we show that the NH(2) terminus of MKP-1, containing the cdc25 homology domains A (CH2A) and B (CH2B), mediates MKP-1 nuclear targeting and modulates MAPK-mediated gene expression. An LXXLL motif which is known to mediate protein-protein interactions with nuclear-targeted hormone receptors was identified proximal to the CH2A domain of MKP-1. The NH(2) terminus alone of MKP-1 containing this LXXLL motif was sufficient to direct nuclear targeting, and mutating this motif to LXXAA resulted in the exclusion of MKP-1 from the nucleus. We found that the LXXLL motif proximal to the CH2A domain was present in other nuclear-localized MKPs but was absent in MKPs that localized to the cytoplasm. These data suggest that this LXXLL motif confers nuclear targeting properties to the MKPs. The NH(2) terminus of MKP-1 was also found to inhibit the activation of the serum response element (SRE) by preventing MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of the regulatory serine 383 residue on Elk-1. Moreover, we show that MKP-1 plays a major role in the attenuation of serum-induced SRE activity, since MKP-1 null fibroblasts exhibited enhanced SRE activity in response to serum compared with wild-type fibroblasts. The NH(2) terminus of MKP-1, when reconstituted into MKP-1 null fibroblasts to levels similar to endogenous MKP-1 following serum stimulation, reduced serum-mediated SRE activity. Collectively, these data reveal novel roles for the NH(2) terminus of MKP-1 in nuclear targeting and transcriptional regulation.
The LP Seat: A Device for Positioning and Restraining Infants and Children for Lumbar Puncture (1977)

A new device is available which automatically positions and restrains infants and small children while lumbar punctures are performed on them. The device is called the "LP Seat." It was designed specifically to make spinal taps on children easier and safer to do than when they are held by the conventional hand method. The device consists of two sets of opposed, contoured Lexan restraining plates connected by a sliding ratchet bar mechanism (Fig. 1). Two upper plates fit over the child's shoulders, and a large single lower plate fits under and around his pelvis and thighs. The mountings of the plates are adjustable so that the device can be used for patients from newborn age up to about 5 years.
Methodologies for Improving HDR Efficiency (2019)

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) is a precise genome manipulating technology that can be programmed to induce double-strand break (DSB) in the genome wherever needed. After nuclease cleavage, DSBs can be repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway. For producing targeted gene knock-in or other specific mutations, DSBs should be repaired by the HDR pathway. While NHEJ can cause various length insertions/deletion mutations (indels), which can lead the targeted gene to lose its function by shifting the open reading frame (ORF). Furthermore, HDR has low efficiency compared with the NHEJ pathway. In order to modify the gene precisely, numerous methods arose by inhibiting NHEJ or enhancing HDR, such as chemical modulation, synchronized expression, and overlapping homology arm. Here we focus on the efficiency and other considerations of these methodologies.
How I Have Been Led to the Direct Hydrogenation Method by Metallic Catalysts<sup>1</sup> (1926)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHow I Have Been Led to the Direct Hydrogenation Method by Metallic Catalysts1Paul SabatierCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1926, 18, 10, 1005–1008Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1926Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1926https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50202a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views593Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (634 KB) Get e-Alerts
Vindesine and Mitomycin C in Metastatic Breast Cancer (1989)

64 eligible women with previously treated metastatic breast cancer received mitomycin C plus vindesine chemotherapy. Dosage was based on investigators' estimate of patients' bone marrow reserve. There were 19 evaluable patients in the good marrow reserve category, with two complete and three partial responses (26%). In the poor marrow reserve category there were 29 evaluable patients with four partial responses (14%). The 26% response rate in patients with good marrow reserve is consistent with results obtained with this and similar combinations by other investigators.
Filter matrix estimation in automated DNA sequencing (1998)

In four-color fluourescence-based automated DNA sequencing, a 4 x 4 filter matrix parameterizes the relationship between the dye-intensity signals of interest and the data collected by an optical imaging system. The filter matrix is important because the estimated DNA sequence is based on the dye intensities that can only be recovered via inversion of the matrix. In this paper, we present a calibration method for the estimation of the columns of this matrix, using data generated through a special experiment in which DNA samples are labeled with only one fluorescent dye at a time. Simulations and applications of the method to real data are provided, with promising results.
Studies on D-Glucuronamide and related Compounds. VIII (1965)

Synthesis of D-glucuronic acid by the reaction between either D-glucurono-3, 6-lactone (I-III) or -6, 1-lactone (XXV) and arylamine was investigated. Glucuronic acylchoride (XX) gave also an expecting compound of D-glucuronic acid arylamide (XXI-XXIII).
ToF-sensors: New dimensions for realism and interactivity (2008)

A growing number of applications depend on accurate and fast 3D scene analysis. Examples are object recognition, collision prevention, 3D modeling, mixed reality, and gesture recognition. The estimation of a range map by image analysis or laser scan techniques is still a time- consuming and expensive part of such systems. A lower-priced, fast and robust alternative for distance measurements are time-of-flight (ToF) cameras. Recently, significant improvements have been made in order to achieve low-cost and compact ToF-devices, that have the potential to revolutionize many fields of research, including computer vision, computer graphics and human computer interaction (HCI). These technologies are starting to have an impact on research and commercial applications. The upcoming generation of ToF sensors, however, will be even more powerful and will have the potential to become "ubiquitous geometry devices" for gaming, web-conferencing, and numerous other applications. This paper will give an account of some recent developments in ToF-technology and will discuss applications of this technology for vision, graphics, and HCI.
Relative performance of hardware and software-only directory protocols under latency tolerating and reducing techniques (2002)

In both hardware-only and software-only directory protocols the performance is often limited by memory access stall times. To increase the performance, several latency tolerating and reducing techniques have been proposed and shown effective for hardware-only directory protocols. For software-only directory protocols, the efficiency of a technique depends not only on how effective it is as seen by the local processor but also on how it impacts the software handler execution overhead in the node where a memory block is allocated. Based on architectural simulations and case studies of three techniques, we find that prefetching can degrade the performance of software-only directory protocols due to useless prefetches. A relaxed memory consistency model hides all write latency for software-only directory protocols, but the software handler overhead is virtually unaffected and now constitutes a larger portion of the execution time. Overall, latency tolerating techniques for software-only directory protocols must be chosen with more care than for hardware-only directory protocols.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Characterization of Sensitive vs. Insensitive Human Radicular Dentin (1989)

Our aim was to investigate the structural changes of dentinal tubules in specimens obtained from both hypersensitive and naturally desensitized areas in wedge-shaped defects on the same exposed cervical dentin surface of a hypersensitive tooth. A new biopsy technique that makes use of a hollow, cylindrical diamond bur was designed so that specimens from exposed root dentin of vital teeth could be obtained. Twenty-two dentin biopsy pairs were divided into two groups; one was prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the other for microradiography (MR). Small hypersensitive areas were identified by a scratch test on exposed human dentin in vivo. SEM observation of the dentin biopsies showed that the orifices of many dentinal tubules in hypersensitive areas were open and that membranous structures appeared on the walls of dentinal tubules. In naturally desensitized areas on the same dentin surface, most of the dentinal tubules were obturated with rhombohedral crystals of all sizes; membranous structures were not observed in these tubules. These results showed that hypersensitivity occurred on the exposed dentin when most of the tubular orifices were open.
Constrained Bayesian Optimization for Automatic Chemical Design (2017)

Automatic Chemical Design is a framework for generating novel molecules with optimized properties. The original scheme, featuring Bayesian optimization over the latent space of a variational autoencoder, suffers from the pathology that it tends to produce invalid molecular structures. First, we demonstrate empirically that this pathology arises when the Bayesian optimization scheme queries latent points far away from the data on which the variational autoencoder has been trained. Secondly, by reformulating the search procedure as a constrained Bayesian optimization problem, we show that the effects of this pathology can be mitigated, yielding marked improvements in the validity of the generated molecules. We posit that constrained Bayesian optimization is a good approach for solving this class of training set mismatch in many generative tasks involving Bayesian optimization over the latent space of a variational autoencoder.
Effect of Surfactant as Additive in Wet Clean Solutions on Properties of Low-k Materials (2006)

The effect of surfactant in a cleaning chemical solution on two types of porous low dielectric constant (low-) materials was investigated. For the microporous film (mean pore diameter ), the material properties are not affected by the presence of surfactant, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether. On the contrary, for mesoporous material where the mean pore size is in the order of , a substantial change in optical properties of the film was recorded. Spectroscopic ellipsometry, ellipsometric porosimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data point to the incorporation of surfactant molecules into the bulk. An alternative way to reduce the surface tension of the solution without compromising the initial properties of low- consists of using isopropyl alcohol as an additive. The material properties remained unchanged after wet treatment. The results also indicate that the properties of porous film, which had been contaminated/degraded by the presence of the surfactant inside of the pores, can be recovered by using an alcohol-containing aqueous solution or pure alcohol such as isopropyl alcohol.
Essential Fatty Acids and Epidermal Integrity (1987)

The intercellular spaces of the stratum corneum contain multilamellar lipid sheets derived from the extruded contents of lamellar granules. In the absence of linoleic acid, lamellar granules appear empty, and only fragmentary extracellular sheets are found. This defective differentiation is attributable to substitution of oleate for linoleate in O-acylsphingolipids. Normally, linoleate is ester-linked to 30- to 34-carbon omega-hydroxyacids, which, in turn, are amide-linked to sphingosine. Acylglucosylceramides, bearing a beta-D-glucosyl moiety on the sphingosine, may provide the driving force for lamellar granule assembly. The omega-hydroxyacyl chains are long enough to span a lipid bilayer, while the linoleate inserts into an adjacent bilayer. This interaction could promote assembly of lamellar granules. It has also been proposed that acylceramides may stabilize the extracellular sheets by a similar mechanism. In addition, the horny cell has been found to possess a covalently bound lipid envelope consisting principally of omega-hydroxyacylsphingosines derived from O-acylsphingolipids.
MET inhibitors in combination with other therapies in non-small cell lung cancer. (2012)

MET and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF) influence cell motility and lead to tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis. Alterations in MET have been observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors, with increased expression associated with more aggressive cancer, as well as acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). MET inhibitors act via two basic mechanisms. Small molecule inhibitors antagonize ATP in the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of MET, with studies on the following agents reviewed here: tivantinib (ARQ-197), cabozantinib (XL-184), crizotinib (PF-02341066), amuvatinib (MP470), MGCD265, foretinib (EXEL-2880), MK2461, SGX523, PHA665752, JNJ-38877605, SU11274, and K252A. The monoclonal monovalent antibody fragment onartuzumab (MetMAb) is also discussed here, which binds to and prevents the extracellular activation of the receptor by ligand. MET inhibition may both overcome the negative prognostic effect of MET tumor expression as well as antagonize MET-dependent acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Here we discuss MET inhibitors in combination with other therapies in lung cancer.
Structure–Activity Relationships of Central Nervous System Penetration by Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH)-Targeted Thyromimetic Prodrugs (2018)

Thyroid hormone (TH) action is of clinical interest in treating demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Two amide prodrugs of sobetirome, a potent thyroid hormone agonist, were previously shown to significantly improve CNS selective distribution of the parent drug through hydrolysis in the CNS by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). This concept is elaborated upon here with a series of 29 amide prodrugs targeting FAAH. We identify that conservative aliphatic modifications such as the <i>N</i>-methyl (<b>4</b>), <i>N</i>-ethyl (<b>5</b>), <i>N</i>-fluoroethyl (<b>15</b>), and <i>N</i>-cyclopropyl (<b>18</b>) substantially favor selective CNS distribution of the parent drug in mice. Additionally, lead compounds exhibit moderate to good rates of hydrolysis at FAAH in vitro suggesting both enzymatic and physicochemical properties are important parameters for optimization. Both <b>4</b> and <b>15</b> were orally bioavailable while retaining appreciable CNS parent drug delivery following an oral dose. The pharmacokinetic parameters of <b>4</b> over 24 h postdose (i.v. and p.o.) were determined.
The characterization of residual hydrocarbon fractions with model compounds. Retaining the essential information (1998)

A characterization method for heavy residues is proposed. It has been specifically studied for the characterization of high molecular weight mixtures, with the aim of modeling thermal conversion processes such as thermal cracking, Eureka, visbreaking and delayed coking. Only essential commonly available information is necessary. Extensive data based on the use of the Boduszynski-Altgelt methodology based on short-path molecular distillation (DISTACT), sequential elution fractionation technique (SEF) and vapor phase osmometry analyses (VF'O), are surprisingly well reproduced. The results also match 'H and C NMR analyses. The proposed model is a valuable tool when complex and lengthy analyses are unavailable as is usually the case.
The <i><scp>V</scp>at</i> locus encodes for a <scp>CC</scp>‐<scp>NBS</scp>‐<scp>LRR</scp> protein that confers resistance to <i><scp>A</scp>phis gossypii</i> infestation and <i><scp>A</scp>. gossypii</i>‐mediated virus resistance (2014)

Aphis gossypii is a polyphagous sucking aphid and a vector for many viruses. In Cucumis melo, a dominant locus, Vat, confers a high level of resistance to Aphis gossypii infestation and to viruses transmitted by this vector. To investigate the mechanism underlying this double resistance, we first genetically dissected the Vat locus. We delimited the double resistance to a single gene that encodes for a coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR) protein type. To validate the genetic data, transgenic lines expressing the Vat gene were generated and assessed for the double resistance. In this analysis, Vat-transgenic plants were resistant to A. gossypii infestation as well as A. gossypii-mediated virus transmission. When the plants were infected mechanically, virus infection occurred on both transgenic and non-transgenic control plants. These results confirmed that the cloned CC-NBS-LRR gene mediates both resistance to aphid infestation and virus infection using A. gossypii as a vector. This resistance also invokes a separate recognition and response phases in which the recognition phase involves the interaction of an elicitor molecule from the aphid and Vat from the plant. The response phase is not specific and blocks both aphid infestation and virus infection. Sequence analysis of Vat alleles suggests a major role of an unusual conserved LRR repeat in the recognition of A. gossypii.
Development and Control of an Integrated and Distributed Inverter for a Fault Tolerant Five-Phase Switched Reluctance Traction Drive (2011)

A concept of an integrated and distributed inverter for switched reluctance machines is introduced. The application at hand is an outer-rotor direct drive designed for railway traction applications. A five-phase switched reluctance machine was developed and is used to demonstrate the function of the integrated and distributed inverter. The distribution is achieved by supplying each phase coil with its own modular inverter. Each inverter module is placed evenly around the end of the stator stack next to its dedicated coil. This increases the redundancy of the drive significantly. The likelihood of phase-to-phase faults is reduced, because no overlapping end-turns are necessary. Also, the integration of machine and inverter is simplified, because the semiconductors can be evenly distributed around the machine. The concept reduces the amount of terminals between drive and vehicle to communication, power supply, and cooling, independent of the number of machine phases. With the integrated and distributed inverter new control strategies can be developed to influence machine vibration and radiated noise. In this paper, the design of the prototype, the direct torque control of the five-phase machine, and the behavior in the case of a fault inside a module is analyzed.
Recent advances in SOI materials and device technologies for high temperature (2002)

The present status of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies, structures and devices is reviewed with the aim of demonstrating the attractiveness of CMOS SOI for high-temperature applications. The basic MOSFET parameters (leakage current, threshold voltage, carrier mobility and subthreshold swing) are described as a function of temperature up to 300/spl deg/C. The temperature behaviour of more specific SOI mechanisms, induced by the floating body, interface coupling and parasitic bipolar transistor, is also discussed.
Scientific workflow management by database management (2002)

In several working environments, production involves repeated executions of certain procedures. A workflow describes the individual tasks performed in these procedures and their interrelationships. Current workflow management systems (WFMSs) use a database management system (DBMS) to store task descriptions, and implement all workflow functionality in modules that run on top of the DBMS. Motivated by scientific workflows, we propose a much more DBMS-centric architecture, in which conventional database technology provides much of the desired scientific WFMS functionality. A key element of our approach is viewing the workflow as a web of data objects interconnected with active links that carry process descriptions. The workflow is fully defined as a database schema, and its execution is the gradual buildup of an instance of this schema through the active object links. For our work, we use the modeling and querying tools of Horse, the object-oriented DBMS that we have developed in the context of the Zoo Desktop Experiment Management Environment.
Spatial Escape and the Hyde Park Convict Barracks (2005)

The physical size of the continent, the harshness of its environment and the totality of state controls, made physical escape of convicts difficult in colonial New South Wales (NSW). This article explores the way social meaning was constructed by both the state and by convicts, arguing that most convicts, unable (or unwilling) to escape from NSW, sought freedom from the state's dominance of their lives by contesting the construction of colonial space. Convicts challenged the hegemony of the state's social, political and work organisation and replaced it, where and when possible, with their own controls and social meanings.
Kickback noise reduction techniques for CMOS latched comparators (2006)

The latched comparator is a building block of virtually all analog-to-digital converter architectures. It uses a positive feedback mechanism to regenerate the analog input signal into a full-scale digital level. The large voltage variations in the internal nodes are coupled to the input, disturbing the input voltage-this is usually called kickback noise. This brief reviews existing solutions to minimize the kickback noise and proposes two new ones. HSPICE simulations of comparators implemented in a 0.18-/spl mu/m technology demonstrate their effectiveness.
Using reconfigurable hardware to accelerate multiple sequence alignment with ClustalW (2005)

Aligning hundreds of sequences using progressive alignment tools such as ClustalW requires several hours on state-of-the-art workstations. We present a new approach to compute multiple sequence alignments in far shorter time using reconfigurable hardware. This results in an implementation of ClustalW with significant runtime savings on a standard off-the-shelf FPGA.