gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Facial expression recognition using Local Directional Pattern (LDP) (2010)

A robust face descriptor is an essential component for a good facial expression recognition system. In this paper, we analyze the performance of a new feature descriptor, Local Directional Pattern (LDP), for the representation of facial expressions. LDP features are obtained by computing the edge response values in all eight directions at each pixel position and then a code is generated according to the relative magnitude's strength. Thus each expression is represented as a distribution of LDP codes. Different machine learning techniques are compared using Cohn-Kanade facial expression database for classification. Extensive experiments explicate the superiority of the proposed LDP based descriptor over other existing well known descriptors.
Multifunctional gadolinium oxide nanoparticles: towards image-guided therapy (2010)

Owing to their multifunctional character, nanoparticles appear well suited for combining sensing, imaging and therapy. Nanoparticles composed of a gadolinium oxide core and a polysiloxane shell were designed for the detection of biomolecules, fluorescence and MRI, and for cancer therapy. Each component (gadolinium oxide core and polysiloxane shell) of these nanoparticles plays a crucial role and enables the resulting nanoparticles to emit intense but transient light and/or long-lived and highly photostable light, to enhance the contrast of magnetic resonance images, to improve the colloidal stability, to specifically interact with biomolecules, to absorb x-ray photons and to capture thermal neutrons. The hybrid gadolinium oxide nanoparticles exhibit a great potential for sensing applications and for image-guided therapy.
Development of broad virus resistance in non‐transgenic cucumber using CRISPR/Cas9 technology (2016)

Genome editing in plants has been boosted tremendously by the development of CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) technology. This powerful tool allows substantial improvement in plant traits in addition to those provided by classical breeding. Here, we demonstrate the development of virus resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using Cas9/subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) technology to disrupt the function of the recessive eIF4E (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E) gene. Cas9/sgRNA constructs were targeted to the N' and C' termini of the eIF4E gene. Small deletions and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in the eIF4E gene targeted sites of transformed T1 generation cucumber plants, but not in putative off-target sites. Non-transgenic heterozygous eif4e mutant plants were selected for the production of non-transgenic homozygous T3 generation plants. Homozygous T3 progeny following Cas9/sgRNA that had been targeted to both eif4e sites exhibited immunity to Cucumber vein yellowing virus (Ipomovirus) infection and resistance to the potyviruses Zucchini yellow mosaic virus and Papaya ring spot mosaic virus-W. In contrast, heterozygous mutant and non-mutant plants were highly susceptible to these viruses. For the first time, virus resistance has been developed in cucumber, non-transgenically, not visibly affecting plant development and without long-term backcrossing, via a new technology that can be expected to be applicable to a wide range of crop plants.
Materials self-assembly and fabrication in confined spaces (2012)

Molecular assemblies have been mainly researched in open spaces for a long time. However, recent research has revealed that there are many interesting aspects present regarding self-assemblies in confined spaces. Molecular association within nanospaces such as mesoporous materials provides unusual phenomena based on highly restricted molecular motions. Current research endeavors in materials science and technology are focused on developing either a new class of materials or materials with novel/multiple functionalities which is often achieved via molecular assembly in confined spaces. Template synthesis and guided assemblies are distinguishable examples for molecular assembly in confined spaces. So far, different aspects of molecular confinements are discussed separately. In this review, the focus is specifically to bring some potential developments in various aspects of confined spaces for molecular self-assembly under one roof. We arrange the sections in this review based on the nature of the confinements, accordingly the topological/geometrical confinements, chemical and biological confinements, and confinements within thin films. Following these sections, molecular confinements for practical applications are shortly described in order to show connections of these scientific aspects with possible practical uses. One of the most important facts is that the self-assembly in confined spaces stands at meeting points of top-down and bottom-up fabrications, which would be an ultimate key to push the limits of nanotechnology and nanoscience.
Micro‐Doppler‐based in‐home aided and unaided walking recognition with multiple radar and sonar systems (2016)

The potential for using micro‐Doppler signatures as a basis for distinguishing between aided and unaided gaits is considered in this study for the purpose of characterising normal elderly gait and assessment of patient recovery. In particular, five different classes of mobility are considered: normal unaided walking, walking with a limp, walking using a cane or tripod, walking with a walker, and using a wheelchair. This presents a challenging classification problem as the differences in micro‐Doppler for these activities can be quite slight. Within this context, the performance of four different radar and sonar systems – a 40 kHz sonar, a 5.8 GHz wireless pulsed Doppler radar mote, a 10 GHz X‐band continuous wave (CW) radar, and a 24 GHz CW radar – is evaluated using a broad range of features. Performance improvements using feature selection is addressed as well as the impact on performance of sensor placement and potential occlusion due to household objects. Results show that nearly 80% correct classification can be achieved with 10 s observations from the 24 GHz CW radar, whereas 86% performance can be achieved with 5 s observations of sonar.
Cadaveric bone marrow as potential source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation (2011)

Every year, bone marrow transplantation saves many lives worldwide. Unfortunately, a suitable donor is not always available. Since organs are routinely harvested from cadaveric organ donors, we decided to assess such a possibility for bone marrow. We analyzed the functional properties and phenotypic markers of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) from cadaveric bone marrow and during storage in vitro in a suspension. It was demonstrated that HSPC exposed to a warm or cold ischemia in intact femur did not lose their phenotype and maintained their repopulating ability for two to twelve hours depending on the temperature. Additionally, fresh bone marrow remained fully viable in cell suspension for two days or four days at 37°C or 4°C, respectively. Based on these findings, cadaveric bone marrow could be considered as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation.
Sex Pheromone of the Sweetpotato Weevil,Cylas formicarius elegantulus1: Laboratory Bioassay and Evidence for a Multiple Component System2 (1978)

The female sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers), produces a sex pheromone to which only males are responsive. A laboratory bioassay was devised to monitor isolation of the pheromone that was collected either from whole body extracts or from filter paper on which virgin females had rested. Female extracts could be separated into 3 distinct areas of sex pheromone activity by liquid chromatography.
[Progression to ischemic heart disease in subjects with coronary calcification as evaluated by computed tomography]. (1990)

It is well known that coronary artery calcification develops in patients with advanced coronary sclerosis. Currently, it can be easily detected by computed tomography (CT). We studied the correlation of CT-detected coronary calcification with its progression to myocardial infarction, and further with the prognosis in various patients who did not have symptoms suggesting ischemic heart disease. The subjects consisted of 241 patients (136 males, 105 females) with a mean age of 61 years, categorized as a calcified coronary artery group (82 patients) and a non-calcified coronary artery group (159 patients). In all the subjects nonenhanced serial cardiac-CT scans were performed with a GECT/T 9800 for detecting coronary calcification. The mean follow-up period was four years in both groups. Among the 82 patients with coronary calcification, four developed myocardial infarction (4.9%) and 14 patients died (17%). Among the 159 patients without coronary calcification, none progressed to myocardial infarction, but 17 patients died unrelatedly (11%). Although there was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups, there was a statistical significance (p less than 0.005) as to the incidence of progression to myocardial infarction. In males, there was no significant difference (13 vs 12%) in mortality between the two groups, but the calcified group had a higher incidence of progression to myocardial infarction than that of the non-calcified group (5.5 vs 0%). In females, the calcified group had higher mortality (26 vs 8.9%) and a more frequent incidence of myocardial infarction (3.7 vs 0%) than did the non-calcified group. In conclusion, patients with coronary artery calcification are likely to develop coronary artery disease rather rapidly, even though asymptomatic. Therefore, detection of coronary calcification by non-enhanced CT is helpful for estimating the prognosis of coronary artery disease.
Route optimization for Proxy Mobile IPv6 in IMS network (2008)

Localized mobility protocols are designed to address many of the drawbacks such as additional signaling and over-the-air tunnel overhead associated with global mobility protocols like Mobile IPv4 and Mobile IPv6. Proxy Mobile IPv6 is one such network controlled localized protocol defined in the IETF Although Proxy Mobile IPv6 can resolve longer binding update and tunnel overhead related issues when a mobile node's movement is confined to a specific domain, some of the handoff-related functions and data paths between two communicating nodes still need to be optimized. The data path reduction between the communicating nodes helps to reduce one way packet delay when both nodes are under the same localized domain and the local mobility anchor point is away. The process of reducing the data path is often referred to as route optimization. Route optimization helps to reduce the delay due to media delivery that is critical for real-time application. We propose several route optimization techniques that can be applied to Proxy Mobile IPv6 to improve the efficiency of media delivery for both intra- and inter-domain movements. We select one of these proposed route optimization mechanisms and then describe the implementation details and analyze the experimental results.
Convenient, Nonradioactive, Heteroduplex-based Methods for Identifying Recurrent Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes (1997)

The ability to identify individuals who are predisposed to specific malignant tumors is a promising molecular diagnostic by-product of over two decades of intensive research into the genetic pathogenesis of human cancer. Approximately 2% of Ashkenazi Jews carry recurrent germline mutations in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes that may predispose these individuals to the development of breast and ovarian cancer. We have developed a nonisotopic method, based on the formation of heteroduplexes between polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified wild-type and mutant alleles, which can be used to identify the BRCA1 185delAG and the BRCA2 6174delT mutations. The same assay can also be used to verify the loss of heterozygosity in a tumor sample arising in an individual with a germline mutation. The four steps described in this report (PCR amplification, heteroduplex formation, acrylamide gel electrophoresis, and ethidium bromide staining/UV-fluorescence photography) can be readily and reproducibly performed in the course of a single day, making this a useful method for the routine identification of these mutations.
SAS4 and SAS5 Are Locus-Specific Regulators of Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1999)

Sir2p, Sir3p, Sir4p, and the core histones form a repressive chromatin structure that silences transcription in the regions near telomeres and at the HML and HMR cryptic mating-type loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Null alleles of SAS4 and SAS5 suppress silencing defects at HMR; therefore, SAS4 and SAS5 are negative regulators of silencing at HMR. This study revealed that SAS4 and SAS5 contribute to silencing at HML and the telomeres, indicating that SAS4 and SAS5 are positive regulators of silencing at these loci. These paradoxical locus-specific phenotypes are shared with null alleles of SAS2 and are unique among phenotypes of mutations in other known regulators of silencing. This work also determined that these SAS genes play roles that are redundant with SIR1 at HML, yet distinct from SIR1 at HMR. Furthermore, these SAS genes are not redundant with each other in silencing HML. Collectively, these data suggest that SAS2, SAS4, and SAS5 constitute a novel class of regulators of silencing and reveal fundamental differences in the regulation of silencing at HML and HMR. We provide evidence for a model that accounts for the observation that these SAS genes are both positive and negative regulators of silencing.
Performance of a digital symbol synchronizer in cochannel interference and noise (2000)

The performance of a binary-quantized data-transition tracking loop symbol synchronizer operating in cochannel interference (CCI) and noise is examined for both binary phase-shift keying and quaternary phase-shift keying modulations. The CCI can be included in a previously known Markov chain model without increasing the number of states in the chain, but the cost of computing the transition probabilities increases exponentially with the number of interferers. It is shown that a first-order Markov model and simulation are in close agreement for some important applications. The effect of interferer epoch on the degradation caused by the interference is investigated and the degradations in performance caused by CCI and by Gaussian noise are compared.
The Molecular biology of flowering (1993)

The Molecular biology of flowering , The Molecular biology of flowering , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Silicone based dielectric elastomer strip actuators coupled with nonlinear biasing elements for large actuation strains (2018)

There are two major categories of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), which differ from the way in which the actuation is exploited: stack DEAs, using the thickness compression, and membrane DEAs, which exploit the expansion in area. In this work we focus on a specific type of membrane DEAs, i.e., silicone-based strip-in-plane (SIP) DEAs with screen printed electrodes. The performance of such actuators strongly depends on their geometry and on the adopted mechanical biasing system. Typically, the biasing is based on elastomer pre-stretch or on dead loads, which results in relatively low actuation strain. Biasing systems characterized by a negative rate spring have proven to significantly increase the performance of circular out-of-plane DEAs. However, this kind of biasing has never been systematically applied to silicone SIP DEAs. In this work, the biasing design based on negative rate springs is extended to strip DEAs as well, allowing to improve speed, strain, and force of the resulting actuator. At first, the DEAs are characterized under electrical and mechanical loading. Afterwards, two actuator systems are studied and compared in terms of actuation strain, force output, and actuation speed. In a first design stage, the DEA is coupled with a linear spring. Subsequently, the membrane is loaded with a combination of linear and nonlinear spring (working in a negative stiffness region). The resulting stroke output of the second systems is more than 9 times higher in comparison to the first one. An actuation strain of up to 45% (11.2 millimeter) and a force output of 0.38 Newton are measured. A maximum speed of 0.29 m s−1 is achieved, which is about 60 times faster than the one typically measured for similar systems based on VHB.
Practical Problems in Electrolysis (2000)

If the second electrode process does not interfere with the first (e.g., it may be due to the background), the method may still be acceptable in the laboratory (e.g., anodic methoxylation or an electrolytic reduction with simultaneous hydrogen evolution). For industrial processes, however, a high current yield (or current efficiency) is generally desirable and waste of current on the background is less tolerable. The current yield is the theoretical amount of electricity divided by the amount actually employed for the production of a particular substance (usually expressed as a percentage).
Disturbance Accommodating Sliding Mode Control (1992)

The sliding mode control and disturbance accommodating technique are combined to detect, identify, cancel modeling uncertainties and external noises. Both of these two control methods are based on the signal approach so they can be combined easily. Moreover, each one of methods compensates the other's drawback. The simulation results of two link robot model show that the disturbance accommodating sliding mode control provides a good tracking performance for a wide range of variations.
Characterization of the biophysical and cellular aspects of pertussis toxin binding (2011)

Binding of pertussis toxin (PTx) was examined by glycan microarray; 53 positive hits fell into four general groups.One group represents sialylated bi-antennary compounds with an Nglycan core terminating in 2-6 linked sialic acid.The second group consists of multi-antennary compounds with an N-glycan core, but lacking terminal sialic acids, which represents a departure from previous understanding of PTx binding.The third group consists of Neu5Ac2-3Lactose that lack the branched-mannose core found in N-glycans, thus their presentation is more similar to O-glycans and glycolipids.The fourth group of compounds consists of Neu5Ac2-8Neu5Ac2-8Neu5Ac, which is seen in the c-series gangliosides and some N-glycans.Quantitative analysis by SPR of the relative affinities of PTx for terminal Neu5Ac2-3 versus Neu5Ac2-6, as well as the affinities for the trisaccharide Neu5Ac2-8Neu5Ac2-8Neu5Ac versus disaccharide, revealed identical global affinities, even though the amount of bound glycan varied by 4-to 5-fold.These studies suggest that the conformational space occupied by a glycan can play an important role in binding, independent of affinity.Characterization of N-terminal Chapter IV: Characterization of Pertussis Toxin B-Pentamer Mediated Intercellular Exchange of Plasma Membrane in Jurkat Cells.
Molecular biology of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A: a cosmetic perspective (2008)

Cosmetic use of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) involves low doses of toxin administered for facial wrinkles and hyperhidrosis. The structural and functional properties of BoNT/A can affect the degree and duration of effect. Actively using the injected muscle is favorable as it exposes more receptors to BoNT/A. Divided doses of BoNT/A at an interval of more than 3 days may be longer lasting than single dose by blocking nascent neuronal sprouts. Antibodies are unlikely to be effective in BoNT/A neutralization because of the large area of receptor interaction. Several commonly used drugs including zinc and chloroquine can interact with BoNT/A, necessitating dosage adjustment for optimum effect. Serotype E (BoNT/E) can emerge as an antidote for BoNT/A for cosmetic use.
Learning styles and mentoring (1995)

Examines the context for mentoring based on a mentor and learner looking together at work situations, problems and opportunities. Goes on to describe thinking through tasks, the learning process, the four learning styles and how these impact on the mentor/learner relationship, including the possible permutation of the different styles in a one‐to‐one association of mentor and learner. Finally, debates the preferred combination of styles in this relationship.
An Analysis of Neutralization Reaction of Interferon by Antibody: A Proposal on the Expression of Neutralization Titer (1980)

Methods of determining and expressing the neutralization titer of anti-interferon antibody were discussed based on considerations of the mass-action law and on experimental data of neutralization of L cell interferon by various antisera. The antibodies in all the sera so far examined were inferred to have low affinities (low association constants compared to the reciprocal of molar concentrations of free interferon), regardless of whether the serum had a low (a few hundred) or high (over 10(5) titer. Then the equilibrium equation can be approximated by a simple formula which relates the antibody concentration to the ratio of total to free interferon concentrations; the absolute amount of interferon neutralized (the difference between total and free interferons) is not involved in computing the titer, and therefore the problem of variations in interferon sensitivity in different assays is eliminated. It is proposed that the neutralization titer be defined, not as the antibody dilution that neutralizes a certain quantity of interferon (such as 10 international units, as often found in the literature), but as the dilution that reduces the interferon titer by a certain factor (taken to be 10 in this paper). A simple formula for calculating the titer from experimental data is given.
Clinical management of binocular vision (1994)

Clinical management of binocular vision , Clinical management of binocular vision , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Control algorithms for artificial beta cell. (1979)

The evolution of control algorithms for closed-loop regulation of blood glucose levels is described. Because of the rapid response time of the BIOSTATOR Glucose Analyzer, a derivative algorithm can be applied to replace the previous generation of "predictor" algorithms for the calculation of dynamic insulin infusion rates.
An efficient approximation scheme for the one-dimensional bin-packing problem (1982)

We present several polynomial-time approximation algorithms for the one-dimensional bin-packing problem. using a subroutine to solve a certain linear programming relaxation of the problem. Our main results are as follows: There is a polynomial-time algorithm A such that A(I) ≤ OPT(I) + O(log2 OPT(I)). There is a polynomial-time algorithm A such that, if m(I) denotes the number of distinct sizes of pieces occurring in instance I, then A(I) ≤ OPT(I) + O(log2 m(I)). There is an approximation scheme which accepts as input an instance I and a positive real number ε, and produces as output a packing using as most (1 + ε) OPT(I) + O(ε-2) bins. Its execution time is O(ε-c n log n), where c is a constant. These are the best asymptotic performance bounds that have been achieved to date for polynomial-time bin-packing. Each of our algorithms makes at most O(log n) calls on the LP relaxation subroutine and takes at most O(n log n) time for other operations. The LP relaxation of bin packing was solved efficiently in practice by Gilmore and Gomory. We prove its membership in P, despite the fact that it has an astronomically large number of variables.