gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protection of patient data in multi-institutional medical computer networks: regulatory effectiveness analysis. (1993)

Privacy protection is one of the major issues in the development of multi-institutional clinical information networks. Judicial decisions have confirmed patient's rights to protection of a "reasonable expectation of privacy". Incorporating this protection into a system requires analysis of appropriate models. The National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB) contains confidential data concerning physician competence. The medical profession had substantial input into the privacy protection features of the NPDB, which are much more comprehensive than those used in many clinical information systems. The NPDB represents the privacy protection which physicians expect for their own data. Regulatory Effectiveness Analysis can be used to analyze the suitability of the NPDB as a model for patient privacy protection. Judicial opinions set public policy and legal structures for privacy, and the NPDB provides an inventory of useable technical tools. After eliminating minor discontinuities, the NPDB can be used as a model to create a useable standard for privacy for multi institutional data transfers.
Yersiniabactin Production by <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> , and Description of a Second Yersiniabactin Locus Evolutionary Group (2006)

The siderophore and virulence factor yersiniabactin is produced by Pseudomonas syringae. Yersiniabactin was originally detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC); commonly used PCR tests proved ineffective. Yersiniabactin production in P. syringae correlated with the possession of irp1 located in a predicted yersiniabactin locus. Three similarly divergent yersiniabactin locus groups were determined: the Yersinia pestis group, the P. syringae group, and the Photorhabdus luminescens group; yersiniabactin locus organization is similar in P. syringae and P. luminescens. In P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, the locus has a high GC content (63.4% compared with 58.4% for the chromosome and 60.1% and 60.7% for adjacent regions) but it lacks high-pathogenicity-island features, such as the insertion in a tRNA locus, the integrase, and insertion sequence elements. In P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and pv. phaseolicola 1448A, the locus lies between homologues of Psyr_2284 and Psyr_2285 of P. syringae pv. syringae B728a, which lacks the locus. Among tested pseudomonads, a PCR test specific to two yersiniabactin locus groups detected a locus in genospecies 3, 7, and 8 of P. syringae, and DNA hybridization within P. syringae also detected a locus in the pathovars phaseolicola and glycinea. The PCR and HPLC methods enabled analysis of nonpathogenic Escherichia coli. HPLC-proven yersiniabactin-producing E. coli lacked modifications found in irp1 and irp2 in the human pathogen CFT073, and it is not clear whether CFT073 produces yersiniabactin. The study provides clues about the evolution and dispersion of yersiniabactin genes. It describes methods to detect and study yersiniabactin producers, even where genes have evolved.
Enhanced erythropoietin secretion in hepatoblastoma cells in response to hypoxia (1989)

Erythropoietin (Ep) levels in spent culture media of a Hep G2 human hepatoblastoma cell line were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA), fetal mouse liver erythroid colony formation (FMLC), and the exhypoxic polycythemic mouse assay (EHPCMA). The Hep G2 cells at high density produced approximately 700 mU/ml Ep when measured with the RIA. On the other hand, the Ep levels when assayed in EHPCMA and FMLC were 50 and 2,600 mU/ml, respectively. The bioactivity in FMLC was completely neutralized by an antibody to purified human recombinant Ep, indicating that the erythropoietic activity in the Hep G2 spent culture medium was immunologically equivalent to Ep. Ep levels in the medium from low-density Hep G2 cells in 5% O2 and 1% O2 were 2.5- and 4-fold greater, respectively, than that of 20% O2. In contrast, hyperoxia (40% O2) significantly inhibited Ep production. A significant increase in Ep secretion was also observed when the cells were incubated with cobaltous chloride (2 X 10(-6) -2.5 X 10(-4) M). Tunicamycin (0.5 micrograms/ml), which inhibits N-linked glycosylation, significantly reduced the enhancement of Ep secretion induced by hypoxia (1% O2) without affecting cell growth. Forskolin and cholera toxin, each of which increased the levels of cyclic AMP in the Hep G2 cells by 40-fold, produced a significant (P less than 0.05) further increase in Ep secretion in the presence of hypoxia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Path partitions and forward-only trellis algorithms (2003)

This is a semitutorial paper on trellis-based algorithms. We argue that most decoding/detection algorithms described on trellises can be formulated as path-partitioning algorithms, with proper definitions of mappings from subsets of paths to metrics of subsets. Thereby, the only two operations needed are path-concatenation and path-collection, which play the roles of multiplication and addition, respectively. Furthermore, we show that the trellis structure permits the path-partitioning algorithms to be formulated as forward-only algorithms (with structures resembling the Viterbi (1967) algorithm), thus eliminating the need for backward computations regardless of what task needs to be performed on the trellis. While all of the actual decoding/detection algorithms presented here are rederivations of variations of previously known methods, we believe that the exposition of the algorithms in a unified manner as forward-only path-partitioning algorithms is the most intuitive manner in which to generalize the Viterbi algorithm. We also believe that this approach may, in fact, influence the practical implementation of the algorithms as well as influence the construction of other forward-only algorithms (e.g., byte-wise forward-only detection algorithms).
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells on grid‐topographic surface and evidence for involvement of YAP mediator (2016)

Numerous studies have shown that surface topography can promote cell-substrate associations and deeply influence cell fate. The intracellular mechanism or how micro- or nano-patterned extracellular signal is ultimately linked to activity of nuclear transcription factors remains unknown. It has been reported that Yes-associated protein (YAP) can respond to extracellular matrix microenvironment signals, thus regulates stem cell differentiation process. We propose that YAP may play a role in mediating the topography induced cell differentiation. To this end, we fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropatterns with grid topology (GT) (3 μm pattern width, 2 μm pattern interval length, 7 μm pattern height); nonpatterned PDMS substrates were used as the planar controls. The MC3T3-E1 cells were then cultured on these surfaces, respectively, in osteogenic inducing medium. Cell differentiation in terms of osteogenesis related gene expression, protein levels, alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular matrix mineralization was assessed. It was shown that the cells on GT surfaces had stronger osteogenesis capacity. In addition, expression level of YAP was increased when MC3T3-E1 cells grew on GT substrates, which was similar to the levels of osteogenic differentiation markers. It was also shown that YAP knockdown attenuated GT substrates-induced MC3T3-E1 differentiation, which reduced the osteogenic differentiation effect of the GT substrates. Collectively, our findings indicate that GT substrates-induced MC3T3-E1 differentiation may be associated with YAP. This paper provides new target points for transcriptional mechanism research of microenvironment induced cell differentiation and a useful approach to obtain more biofunctionalization scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Enhancing immunotherapy using chemotherapy and radiation to modify the tumor microenvironment (2013)

The tumor microenvironment is a complex assortment of cells that includes a variety of leukocytes. The overall effect of the microenvironment is to support the growth of tumors and suppress immune responses. Immunotherapy is a highly promising form of cancer treatment, but its efficacy can be severely compromised by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Chemotherapy and radiation treatment can mediate tumor reduction through cytotoxic effects, but it is becoming increasingly clear that these forms of treatment can be used to modify the tumor microenvironment to liberate tumor antigens and decrease immunosuppression. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be used to modulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy.
Peripherally Acting Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonists and Postoperative Ileus: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applicability (2009)

Postoperative ileus (POI), a transient cessation of coordinated bowel function after surgery, is an important health care problem. The etiology of POI is multifactorial and related to both the surgical and anesthetic pathways chosen. Opioids used to manage surgical pain can exacerbate POI, delaying gastrointestinal (GI) recovery. Peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor (PAM-OR) antagonists are designed to mitigate the deleterious effects of opioids on GI motility. This new class is investigational for POI management with the goal of accelerating the recovery of upper and lower GI tract function after bowel resection. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which POI occurs and the role of opioids and opioid receptors in the enteric nervous system, discuss the mechanism of action of PAM-OR antagonists, and review clinical pharmacology and Phase II/III POI trial results of methylnaltrexone and alvimopan. Finally, the role of anesthesiologists in managing POI in the context of a multimodal approach is discussed.
Multiple-Phase Generation During Carbon Dioxide Flooding (1983)

Abstract This paper describes research to determine the pressure and temperature region in which multiple phases are generated for selected reservoir oils displaced by CO2. The major purposes of this study were (1) to determine whether single-contact PVT conditions and multiple-contact flow generated multiple phases over equivalent pressures and temperatures, and (2) to determine whether multiple-phase generation would affect mobility. Multiple phases were generated for two reservoir oils of similar composition above the CO2 minimum miscibility pressures (MMP's) for temperatures between 307.5 and 322 K. For a limited temperature range, the pressures over which these multiple phases were observed agreed fairly well with those determined in single-contact PVT cell studies. However, multiple phases were also seen at higher temperatures in the multiple-contact displacements. Pressure-drop data as a function of CO2 injection volume were obtained for displacements within the multiple-phase region and for displacements conducted at pressures above the multiple-phase region. Comparison of these data indicates that multiple-phase generation reduces mobility within the flow system used. Mobility reduction would be beneficial during application of CO2 flooding on a reservoir scale.
Information technology: Increasing productivity in services (1994)

For nearly two decades, despite massive investments in information technology (IT), the overall service sector showed minuscule gains in measured productivity.1 Were managers previously simply wrongheaded? Were results just delayed?2 Or are the data so flawed that any simple conclusions are misleading? Our studies suggest the latter. They also provide a practical reference from which top managers and information officers in service companies can learn to both answer unwarranted attacks and improve future performance. As with any other new technology, there have been some serious mistakes, much duplication of effort, and undoubted inefficiencies as executives learned to manage the new information technology (IT). However, there is strong evidence that the U.S. service sector received high performance payoffs even during the period when it was most criticized. U.S. service companies' performance has compared very favorably with European and Japanese competitors.3 There have been demonstrably large performance gains in all major service industries using IT. Why then was there an apparent problem? First. IT is like many other technologies; it often takes years to decades for aggregated industry data to show positive payoffs.4 Second, in the case of IT. macro-data do not capture many of the most important payoffs businesses have achieved from its use. What are the helpful lessons for managers? How can businesses improve their IT payoffs in the future?
ChemInform Abstract: The Interrelationship of Fullerene C60, Soot and Combustion (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An automatic blocking mechanism for large-scale de-duplication tasks (2012)

De-duplication - identification of distinct records referring to the same real-world entity - is a well-known challenge in data integration. Since very large datasets prohibit the comparison of every pair of records, blocking has been identified as a technique of dividing the dataset for pairwise comparisons, thereby trading off recall of identified duplicates for efficiency. Traditional de-duplication tasks, while challenging, typically involved a fixed schema such as Census data or medical records. However, with the presence of large, diverse sets of structured data on the web and the need to organize it effectively on content portals, de-duplication systems need to scale in a new dimension to handle a large number of schemas, tasks and data sets, while handling ever larger problem sizes. In addition, when working in a map-reduce framework it is important that canopy formation be implemented as a hash function, making the canopy design problem more challenging. We present CBLOCK, a system that addresses these challenges.
Research on Digital Watermark Based DEM Data Security Technology (2011)

In this article, we use digital watermark technology and file filter drive technology to insert the file filter encryption drive layer between the file system drive layer and the application layer, using the fragile digital watermarking technology in this layer, we can detect the integrity of DEM spatial data files, using the robust digital watermarking technology, we can detect whether the data files are protected files. Experiments prove that this model has strong abilities in protecting the integrity of files, preventing the illegal spread of protected files and so on.
Pyrophosphate Arthritis with Local Amyloid Deposition (1981)

Pyrophosphate and capsular chondromatosis were demonstrated histologically in 15 cases, 14 of which also exhibited local deposition of amyloid. A systematic examination of the joint capsule in 57 consecutive hip replacement operations for osteoarthritis revealed these changes in 6 of the cases (10.5 per cent). Microscopic examination which was done if intraarticular calcifications were grossly visible at operation, showed the same changes in 8 knees, 4 with osteoarthritis and 4 with meniscal disease. The changes were also seen in the menisci. Only one patient was suffering from chronic, polyarticular pyrophosphate arthritis. In the other cases neither change had been expected a priori, and the patients had no signs of systemic articular disease or amyloidosis. Most of them were elderly, but in good health.
SUBTHRESHOLD TRANSPUPILLARY THERMOTHERAPY FOR EARLY RESOLUTION OF FOVEAL SUBRETINAL FLUID IN CHOROIDAL METASTASIS (2006)

Improvement of visual acuity and cessation of fluorescein leakage in the tumor showed that subthreshold (i.e., biomicroscopically invisible laser effect) TTT served as an effective treatment modality in the early resolution of macular subretinal fluid in choroidal metastasis. Multiple sessions of subthreshold TTT are safe to apply very close to the macula.
Aromatic Phosphorodichloridites and Phosphorodichloridothioates. I. Aryl Phosphorodichloridites (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic Phosphorodichloridites and Phosphorodichloridothioates. I. Aryl PhosphorodichloriditesHENRY TOLKMITHCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 11, 1682–1684Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01105a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views359Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (342 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Closed Form Throughput of a Slotted ALOHA Network Using LMMSE Receiver (2007)

This paper develops a framework for the analysis of a slotted ALOHA (S-ALOHA) network employing a two antenna LMMSE receiver. Throughput of such a network is analyzed under a Rayleigh channel condition. Two collision models are presented in this paper. One is signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) based and the other is average bit error rate (ABER) based. Coding is also considered when using ABER collision model. We compare the throughput of one and two antenna systems under Rayleigh fading channel and demonstrate the performance improvement. A closed form expression of the throughput of S-ALOHA network using a two antenna LMMSE receiver is derived.
A digital CMOS design technique for SEU hardening (2000)

A new cell design technique is described which may be used to create SEU hardened circuits. The technique uses actively biased, isolated well transistors to prevent transients in combinational logic from reaching the output node.
Nanocomposite Graphene-Based Material for Fuel Cell Applications (2012)

Cobalt and nickel oxides-graphene nanocomposites have been prepared by a simple chemical route. The structure, morphology and properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The electrocatalytic activity for the methanol oxidation reaction in acidic medium of these nanocomposites compared to platinum has been confirmed using cyclic voltammetry technique.
The direct generation of N-acyl formimidate methylides. An efficient approach to the synthesis of pyrrolidine derivatives (1983)

The reaction of silyl-formamidines and silyl-thioformimidates with acyl fluorides gives N-acyl imidate methylides which have been successfully trapped with several dipolarophiles to afford pyrrolidine derivatives in high yields.
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science (2015)

The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic increase in the scale and complexity of scientific research. The growing scale of science has been accompanied by a shift toward collaborative research, referred to as “team science.“ Scientific research is increasingly conducted by small teams and larger groups rather than individual investigators, but the challenges of collaboration can slow these teams' progress in achieving their scientific goals. How does a team-based approach work, and how can universities and research institutions support teams? Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science synthesizes and integrates the available research to provide guidance on assembling the science team; leadership, education and professional development for science teams and groups. It also examines institutional and organizational structures and policies to support science teams and identifies areas where further research is needed to help science teams and groups achieve their scientific and translational goals. This report offers major public policy recommendations for science research agencies and policymakers, as well as recommendations for individual scientists, disciplinary associations, and research universities. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science will be of interest to university research administrators, team science leaders, science faculty, and graduate and postdoctoral students.
Insulin Capture by an Insulin-Linked Polymorphic Region G-Quadruplex DNA Oligonucleotide (2006)

Insulin capture by a G-quadruplex DNA oligonucleotide containing a two-repeat sequence of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) of the human insulin gene promoter region is reported. The immobilized oligonucleotide was demonstrated to capture human insulin from standard solutions and from nuclear extracts of pancreatic cells with high selectivity, using affinity MALDI mass spectrometry and affinity capillary chromatography. Insulin was preferentially captured by the two-repeat ILPR oligonucleotide over another G-quadruplex-forming oligonucleotide, the thrombin-binding aptamer, as well as over a single repeat of the ILPR sequence that is not capable of forming the G-quadruplex architecture. Binding was shown to involve the beta chain of insulin. The discovery raises the possibility that insulin may bind to G-quadruplex DNA formed in the ILPR in vivo and thereby play a role in modulation of insulin gene expression, and it provides a basis for design of insulin analogues to probe this hypothesis. The availability of a DNA ligand to human insulin has analytical importance as well, offering an alternative to antibodies for in vitro or in vivo detection and sensing of insulin as well as its isolation and purification from biological samples.
The 2-phase on-demand delayed clock generator circuit (2014)

The phased clock signals are useful to synchronize the individual modules within a multiphase digital system and satisfy the complexity of their clock timing requirement. The capability of the on-demand adjustment of the phased clocking pattern can be embedded to the circuit that generates the associated clocks by shifting in time their active clock edges. A delay insertion technique is presented that can implement this adjustment capability. The designed two-phase circuit, targeting an FPGA device, generates the phased clock signals and has control inputs that define the timing and the positioning of delays. These clocks can directly drive the idle system modules to reduce their power consumption during the specified delay periods.
Effects of hyaluronic acid on bleeding following third molar extraction (2017)

Local injection of HA at 0.8% prolonged the bleeding time, and increased hemorrhage and swelling in the early postoperative period after third molar extractions.