gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sex-Associated Expression of Co-Stimulatory Molecules CD80, CD86, and Accessory Molecules, PDL-1, PDL-2 and MHC-II, in F480+ Macrophages during Murine Cysticercosis (2013)

Macrophages are critically involved in the interaction between T. crassiceps and the murine host immune system. Also, a strong gender-associated susceptibility to murine cysticercosis has been reported. Here, we examined the sex-associated expression of molecules MHC-II, CD80, CD86, PD-L1, and PD-L2 on peritoneal F4/80(hi) macrophages of BALB/c mice infected with Taenia crassiceps. Peritoneal macrophages from both sexes of mice were exposed to T. crassiceps total extract (TcEx). BALB/c Females mice recruit higher number of macrophages to the peritoneum. Macrophages from infected animals show increased expression of PDL2 and CD80 that was dependent from the sex of the host. These findings suggest that macrophage recruitment at early time points during T. crassiceps infection is a possible mechanism that underlies the differential sex-associated susceptibility displayed by the mouse gender.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to α‐Trifluoromethyl‐α,β‐unsaturated Esters. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Statistical Estimation of Histogram Variation for Texture Classification (2005)

I present a novel parametric approach for estimating the likelihood of homogeneously textured images. I propose that the dependence between pixel features is usefully captured by estimating the joint intra-class variation of their marginal distributions. To support this claim I build a single multivariate Gaussian distribution for each class that estimates the joint variation of several marginal, nonparametric, filter response histograms. I then generalize this framework to include marginal conditional distributions of pixel intensities for use with Strong-MRF models. I demonstrate these methods on the Columbia-Utrecht database by classifying over 2800 images in all 61 texture classes. In a direct comparison with Varma & Zisserman (ECCV ’02, CVPR ’03) and Hayman (ECCV ’04) this framework is found to be more accurate and efficient.
Probiotics and prebiotics in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (2006)

The prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells of the colon exist in a highly complex, but harmonious relationship. Disturbances in this remarkable symbiosis can result in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Although the etiology of IBD is not entirely understood, it is known that the chronic inflammation of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and chronic pouchitis are a result of an overly aggressive immune response to the commensal intestinal flora in genetically susceptible hosts. Recent studies have enhanced our ability to understand the interaction between the host and its intestinal microflora and the role the microflora plays in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. As we begin to understand the benefits conferred to the intestine by the microflora, the notion of modifying the composition of the bacterial load to improve human health has arisen. A significant body of research now exists investigating the role of probiotics and prebiotics in ameliorating chronic intestinal inflammation. This article will begin with an overview of the role of the commensal microflora in maintaining mucosal immune homeostasis, and how a dysregulated immune response to the intestinal microflora results in IBD. This will be followed by a summary of the use of probiotics and prebiotics in experimental and human IBD.
Capacity of Markov channels with receiver CSI and delayed feedback (1999)

While feedback does not increase the capacity of memoryless channels, the capacity of time-varying channels with feedback can be increased by exploiting the structure in the channel variations. Feedback information from the receiver is usually available at the transmitter only after some time delay. The capacity increase due to feedback depends on the feedback delay relative to the channel decorrelation time. We model time-varying channels as finite-state Markov channels and determine their capacity as a function of the feedback delay assuming perfect channel state information at the receiver. We apply the result to derive power control strategies to maximize the capacity for finite-state additive Gaussian noise channels and log-normal shadow fading channels.
Osmotic effects on bacterial transport and energetics (1985)

Paracoccus denitrificans suspended in media containing 20-300 mM NaCl swelled progressively as the salt concentration was decreased. The increase in intracellular water volume was accompanied by an enhancement of respiration and a stimulation of the rates of net potassium and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid accumulation. It is postulated that influx of water and consequent lowering of intracellular solute concentration trigger transport mechanisms which are destined to restore the original ion and metabolite balance. Since a number of transport reactions operate against the electrochemical gradient of their substrates, energy utilization increases. The increased ATP usage and lowering of [ATP] stimulates the activity of the respiratory chain and increases oxygen uptake and energy production.
A model for sensitivity determination of anticancer agents against chemically-induced colon cancer in rats. (1995)

Chemically-induced colon cancer was used to test the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapeutic agents. Seventy-one Sprague-Dawley rats received dimethylhydrazine (20mg/kg) s.c. once weekly for 20 weeks to induce colon cancer. Then a barium enema was performed to see the size of colon tumors. The animals were divided into three groups that were subjected to the following treatments: 5-fluorouracil (5 FU); 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5 FU(FT); and a mixture of FT and uracil (UFT). After 5 weeks of treatment, the barium enema was repeated. "Response" was assessed on the basis of tumor doubling time. Response rates in the 5-FU, FT, and UFT groups were 25%, 33% and 36%, respectively and this reflects the clinical data of these drugs. The present system may be a predictive model for screening anticancer drugs for human colorectal cancer.
Epidemiologic evidence for multiple sclerosis as an infection (1993)

The worldwide distribution of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be described within three zones of frequency: high, medium, and low. The disease has a predilection for white races and for women. Migration studies show that changing residence changes MS risk. Studies of persons moving from high- to low-risk areas indicate that in the high-risk areas, MS is acquired by about age 15. Moves from low- to high-risk areas suggest that susceptibility is limited to persons between about ages 11 and 45. MS on the Faroe Islands has occurred as four successive epidemics beginning in 1943. The disease appears to have been introduced by British troops who occupied the islands for 5 years from 1940, and it has remained geographically localized within the Faroes for half a century. What was introduced must have been an infection, called the primary MS affection (PMSA), that was spread to and from successive cohorts of Faroese. In this concept, PMSA is a single widespread systemic infectious disease (perhaps asymptomatic) that only seldom leads to clinical neurologic MS. PMSA is also characterized by a need for prolonged exposure, limited age of susceptibility, and prolonged incubation. I believe that clinical MS is the rare late outcome of a specific, but unknown, infectious disease of adolescence and young adulthood and that this infection could well be caused by a thus-far-unidentified (retro)virus.
A Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on the Use of Gold Micropillar Array Electrodes (2012)

We report a non-enzymatic glucose sensor that is based on a gold micropillar array electrode and was fabricated by using a combination of photolithographic techniques and electroplating. The electrode exhibits (a) a larger electroactive area, (b) enhanced surface roughness, and (c) enhanced catalytic activity toward the electro-oxidation of glucose. We demonstrate its potential application in sensing glucose with high operational stability, high sensitivity and relatively high selectivity. The response to glucose is linear in the 0.5 to 9 mM concentration range, the sensitivity is 13.2 μA mM−1 cm−2, and the detection limit is 60 μM. The simplicity of the sensor preparation makes gold micropillar array electrodes a good candidate for easy glucose determinations.
Cryptographic transitions (2006)

A cryptographic transition is defined as managing the passage from one security architecture to another in a methodical approach that is consistent with prudent business practices and security guidelines. This paper addresses the three technology issues that drive the business and security justifications for initiating a transition; the principles guiding policy and practices when conducting a transition; the process to conduct a successful transition; and provides the pros and cons of several actual case studies of cryptographic transitions.
Criticism and Fiction: The 1920s (1996)

Abstract Significant progress in the analysis of fiction and in genre theory came in the middle of the 1920s with the work of Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin and his school, and also that of Viktor Vinogradov. As far as the general study of Symbolist/modernist prose was concerned, one of the best summaries of critical insights attained was embedded in Fëdor Grits's short book on Shklovskii, published in 1927.
Stress-Induced Isoforms of MDM2 and MDM4 Correlate with High-Grade Disease and an Altered Splicing Network in Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma (2013)

Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a morphologically and genetically heterogeneous malignancy commonly classified into three histologic subtypes, namely, alveolar, embryonal, and anaplastic. An issue that continues to challenge effective RMS patient prognosis is the dearth of molecular markers predictive of disease stage irrespective of tumor subtype. Our study involving a panel of 70 RMS tumors has identified specific alternative splice variants of the oncogenes Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) and MDM4 as potential biomarkers for RMS. Our results have demonstrated the strong association of genotoxic-stress inducible splice forms MDM2-ALT1 (91.6% Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group stage 4 tumors) and MDM4-ALT2 (90.9% MDM4-ALT2-positive T2 stage tumors) with high-risk metastatic RMS. Moreover, MDM2-ALT1-positive metastatic tumors belonged to both the alveolar (50%) and embryonal (41.6%) subtypes, making this the first known molecular marker for high-grade metastatic disease across the most common RMS subtypes. Furthermore, our results show that MDM2-ALT1 expression can function by directly contribute to metastatic behavior and promote the invasion of RMS cells through a matrigel-coated membrane. Additionally, expression of both MDM2-ALT1 and MDM4-ALT2 increased anchorage-independent cell-growth in soft agar assays. Intriguingly, we observed a unique coordination in the splicing of MDM2-ALT1 and MDM4-ALT2 in approximately 24% of tumor samples in a manner similar to genotoxic stress response in cell lines. To further explore splicing network alterations with possible relevance to RMS disease, we used an exon microarray approach to examine stress-inducible splicing in an RMS cell line (Rh30) and observed striking parallels between stress-responsive alternative splicing and constitutive splicing in RMS tumors.
Microbial Community Changes in Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids and Produced Water from Shale Gas Extraction (2013)

Microbial communities associated with produced water from hydraulic fracturing are not well understood, and their deleterious activity can lead to significant increases in production costs and adverse environmental impacts. In this study, we compared the microbial ecology in prefracturing fluids (fracturing source water and fracturing fluid) and produced water at multiple time points from a natural gas well in southwestern Pennsylvania using 16S rRNA gene-based clone libraries, pyrosequencing, and quantitative PCR. The majority of the bacterial community in prefracturing fluids constituted aerobic species affiliated with the class Alphaproteobacteria. However, their relative abundance decreased in produced water with an increase in halotolerant, anaerobic/facultative anaerobic species affiliated with the classes Clostridia, Bacilli, Gammaproteobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Fusobacteria. Produced water collected at the last time point (day 187) consisted almost entirely of sequences similar to Clostridia and showed a decrease in bacterial abundance by 3 orders of magnitude compared to the prefracturing fluids and produced water samplesfrom earlier time points. Geochemical analysis showed that produced water contained higher concentrations of salts and total radioactivity compared to prefracturing fluids. This study provides evidence of long-term subsurface selection of the microbial community introduced through hydraulic fracturing, which may include significant implications for disinfection as well as reuse of produced water in future fracturing operations.
Faster Pseudopolynomial Time Algorithms for Subset Sum (2019)

Given a (multi) set S of n positive integers and a target integer u , the subset sum problem is to decide if there is a subset of S that sums up to u . We present a series of new algorithms that compute and return all the realizable subset sums up to the integer u in Õ(min { √ n u , u 5/4 ,σ }), where σ is the sum of all elements of S and Õ hides polylogarithmic factors. We also present a modified algorithm for integers modulo m , which computes all the realizable subset sums modulo m in Õ(min { √ n m , m 5/4 }) time. Our contributions improve upon the standard dynamic programming algorithm that runs in O ( nu ) time. To the best of our knowledge, the new algorithms are the fastest deterministic algorithms for this problem. The new results can be employed in various algorithmic problems, from graph bipartition to computational social choice. Finally, we also improve a result on covering Z m , which might be of independent interest.
Benzamidinatokomplexe mit Haupt‐ und Nebengruppen‐Elementen – Strukturen von PhC(NSiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>TiCl<sub>2</sub> und PhC(NSiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>2</sub> (1988)

Abstract PhC(NSiMe 3 ) 2 Li ( 3b ) reagiert mit SiCl 4 , SnCl 4 , Me 2 SnCl 2 , Ph 2 SnCl 2 , TiCl 4 , ZrCl 4 , MoO 2 Cl 2 und WO 2 Cl 2 unter Bildung von LiCl zu den Amidinatokomplexen 4a–f, 5a und 5b . Von 4e und 5a wird die Röntgenstrukturanalyse mitgeteilt.
200-Gbps DFT-S OFDM Using DD-MZM-Based Twin-SSB With a MIMO-Volterra Equalizer (2017)

We experimentally demonstrate 208-Gb/s/λ discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S OFDM) transmission over a 40-km standard single-mode fiber without chromatic dispersion compensation using a low-cost direct-detection architecture based on the dual-driver Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). One twin-single sideband (SSB) signal is generated by driving the upper and lower arms of a dual-driver MZM with a real signal and its respective Hilbert pair. A MIMO-Volterra equalizer is proposed to mitigate the interference and nonlinearity penalty of the twinSSB signal. Using the Twin-SSB without the MIMO algorithm can only reach 165 Gb/s/λ, and applying a conventional SSB can only achieve 164 Gb/s/λ with a bit error ratio less than 5×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . However, we achieve a 240-Gb/s/λ twin-SSB DFT-S OFDM signal in the back-to-back (BTB) case using the twin-SSB signal and MIMO-Volterra Equalization method, which implies that double spectral efficiency and more than 45% data rate improvement are obtained.
Stochastic Optimization Using a Trust-Region Method and Random Models (2015)

In this paper, we propose and analyze a trust-region model-based algorithm for solving unconstrained stochastic optimization problems. Our framework utilizes random models of an objective function $f(x)$, obtained from stochastic observations of the function or its gradient. Our method also utilizes estimates of function values to gauge progress that is being made. The convergence analysis relies on requirements that these models and these estimates are sufficiently accurate with sufficiently high, but fixed, probability. Beyond these conditions, no assumptions are made on how these models and estimates are generated. Under these general conditions we show an almost sure global convergence of the method to a first order stationary point. In the second part of the paper, we present examples of generating sufficiently accurate random models under biased or unbiased noise assumptions. Lastly, we present some computational results showing the benefits of the proposed method compared to existing approaches that are based on sample averaging or stochastic gradients.
Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced with Polysaccharide Nanocrystals (2010)

Aqueous suspensions of polysaccharide (cellulose, chitin or starch) nanocrystals can be prepared by acid hydrolysis of biomass. The main problem with their practical use is related to the homogeneous dispersion of these nanoparticles within a polymeric matrix. Water is the preferred processing medium. A new and interesting way for the processing of polysaccharide nanocrystals-based nanocomposites is their transformation into a co-continuous material through long chain surface chemical modification. It involves the surface chemical modification of the nanoparticles based on the use of grafting agents bearing a reactive end group and a long compatibilizing tail.
Bicycle Seat Designs and Their Effect on Pelvic Angle, Trunk Angle, and Comfort (2003)

These data indicate that partial and complete cutout saddle designs may increase anterior pelvic tilt, and saddles with a complete cutout design may increase trunk flexion angles under select cycling conditions. A saddle with a partial cutout design may be more comfortable than a standard or complete cutout saddle design.
Handbook of Pollution Prevention Practices (2001)

This text provides approaches and methodologies for implementing pollution prevention (P2) and waste minimization programmes to reduce manufacturing operational costs significantly. It focuses on reducing manufacturing and environmental compliance costs by instituting feedstock substitution, improved operational schemes, recycling and by-product re
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Amino Acid Conjugates of Betulinic Acid with Activity Against Human Melanoma. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A novel pH sensor using differential ISFET current mode read-out circuit (2004)

This paper presents a novel differential current mode read-out circuit for the Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET), as a pH sensor. It uses six Operational Floating Current Conveyors (OFCC), and provides linear sensitivity to pH over a wide range (pH values 2-12). Moreover, it provides an output current that is linearly related to the differential voltage between the ISFET and the Reference Field Effect Transistor (REFET) sensors. The proposed read-out circuit uses only one type of active element (i.e. an OFCC) that makes this circuit easier to be both integrated and fabricated using a conventional CMOS process. Our experimental and simulation results demonstrate that the read-out circuit works reliably and can be a suitable sensor read-out circuit for lab on chip biomedical applications. The read-out circuit connected with the system composed of the ISFET and REFET sensors also reduces the impact of the parameter fluctuations and environment conditions on the performance of the ISFET sensor.
Targeted Delivery of Stk25 Antisense Oligonucleotides to Hepatocytes Protects Mice Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2018)

This study provides in vivo nonclinical proof-of-principle for the metabolic benefit of liver-specific inhibition of STK25 in the context of obesity and warrants future investigations to address the therapeutic potential of GalNAc-Stk25 ASO in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing monoclonal antibody specific for deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and several analogs (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing monoclonal antibody specific for deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and several analogsWilliam L. Casale, James J. Pestka, and L. Patrick HartCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36, 3, 663–668Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00081a064https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00081a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views615Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (.+‐.)‐Epibatidine and the Congeners. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.