gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microphone array position calibration by basis-point classical multidimensional scaling (2005)

Classical multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a global, noniterative technique for finding coordinates of points given their interpoint distances. We describe the algorithm and show how it yields a simple, inexpensive method for calibrating an array of microphones with a tape measure (or similar measuring device). We present an extension to the basic algorithm, called basis-point classical MDS (BCMDS), which handles the case when many of the distances are unavailable, thus yielding a technique that is practical for microphone arrays with a large number of microphones. We also show that BCMDS, when combined with a calibration target consisting of four synchronized sound sources, can be used for automatic calibration via time-delay estimation. We evaluate the accuracy of both classical MDS and BCMDS, investigating the sensitivity of the algorithms to noise and to the design parameters to yield insight as to the choice of those parameters. Our results validate the practical applicability of the algorithms, showing that errors on the order of 10-20 mm can be achieved in real scenarios.
Computationally Efficient Face Spoofing Detection with Motion Magnification (2013)

For a robust face biometric system, a reliable anti-spoofing approach must be deployed to circumvent the print and replay attacks. Several techniques have been proposed to counter face spoofing, however a robust solution that is computationally efficient is still unavailable. This paper presents a new approach for spoofing detection in face videos using motion magnification. Eulerian motion magnification approach is used to enhance the facial expressions commonly exhibited by subjects in a captured video. Next, two types of feature extraction algorithms are proposed: (i) a configuration of LBP that provides improved performance compared to other computationally expensive texture based approaches and (ii) motion estimation approach using HOOF descriptor. On the Print Attack and Replay Attack spoofing datasets, the proposed framework improves the state-of-art performance, especially HOOF descriptor yielding a near perfect half total error rate of 0%and 1.25% respectively.
A reflective model for first class dependencies (1995)

We propose a reflective model to express and to automatically manage dependencies between objects. This model describes reflective facilities which enable the changing of language semantics. Although the importance of inter-object dependencies is well accepted, there is only limited object-oriented language support for their specification and implementation. In response to this lack of expressiveness of object models, the FLO language integrates dependency management into the object oriented paradigm. Dependencies are described as first class objects and FLO automatically maintains the consistency of the dependency graph.In this paper, we first show how a user can declare dependencies and how the system maintains the consistency of the graph of expressed dependencies. In a second part, we focus on the implementation of this management by controlling the messages sent to linked objects. In order to make dependency management orthogonal to other application concerns, we propose an abstraction of message handling, implemented with meta-objects. We illustrate the extensibility of our language with different control behavior implementations, in particular we study different implementations of the global control of message propagation flow.
Lewis base adducts of Group 11 metal compounds. 15. Structural studies of mononuclear adducts of copper(I) halides with pyridine bases of stoichiometry XCuL2,3 (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLewis base adducts of Group 11 metal compounds. 15. Structural studies of mononuclear adducts of copper(I) halides with pyridine bases of stoichiometry XCuL2,3Jeffrey C. Dyason, Peter C. Healy, Chaveng Pakawatchai, Vincent A. Patrick, and Allan H. WhiteCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 12, 1957–1960Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00206a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00206a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views287Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Blast Waves and How They Interact With Structures (2001)

The paper defines and describes blast waves, their interaction with a structure and its subsequent response. Explosions generate blast waves, which need not be due to explosives. A blast wave consists of two parts: a shock wave and a blast wind. The paper explains how shock waves are formed and their basic properties. The physics of blast waves is non-linear and therefore non-intuitive. To understand how an explosion generates a blast wave a numerical modelling computer code, called a hydrocode has to be employed. This is briefly explained and the cAst Eulerian hydrocode is used to illustrate the formation and propagation of the blast wave generated by a 1 kg sphere of TNT explosive detonated 1 m above the ground. The paper concludes with a discussion of the response of a structure to a blast wave and shows that this response is governed by the structures natural frequency of vibration compared to the duration of the blast wave. The basic concepts introduced are illustrated in a second simulation that introduces two structures into the blast field of the TNT charge.
Membranes Play Growing Role In Small-Scale Industrial Processing (1988)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTMembranes Play Growing Role In Small-Scale Industrial ProcessingNew membrane technologies are having major impact in biochemical areas—cell culture, fermentation, and chromatography, for example— as well as in conventional chemical, petrochemical processesJOSEPH HAGGINView Author Information C&EN ChicagoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1988, 66, 28, 25–32Publication Date (Print):July 11, 1988Publication History Published online8 November 2010Published inissue 11 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v066n028.p025https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v066n028.p025newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1988 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views13Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Membranes Get e-Alerts
Cytotoxic, Cytostatic and HIV-1 PR Inhibitory Activities of the Soft Coral Litophyton arboreum (2013)

Bioassay-guided fractionation using different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques in the analysis of the Red Sea soft coral Litophyton arboreum led to the isolation of nine compounds; sarcophytol M (1), alismol (2), 24-methylcholesta-5,24(28)-diene-3β-ol (3), 10-O-methyl alismoxide (4), alismoxide (5), (S)-chimyl alcohol (6), 7β-acetoxy-24-methylcholesta-5-24(28)-diene-3,19-diol (7), erythro-N-dodecanoyl-docosasphinga-(4E,8E)-dienine (8), and 24-methylcholesta-5,24 (28)-diene-3β,7β,19-triol (9). Some of the isolated compounds demonstrated potent cytotoxic- and/or cytostatic activity against HeLa and U937 cancer cell lines and inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease (PR). Compound 7 was strongly cytotoxic against HeLa cells (CC₅₀ 4.3 ± 0.75 µM), with selectivity index of SI 8.1, which was confirmed by real time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES). Compounds 2, 7, and 8 showed strong inhibitory activity against HIV-1 PR at IC₅₀s of 7.20 ± 0.7, 4.85 ± 0.18, and 4.80 ± 0.92 µM respectively. In silico docking of most compounds presented comparable scores to that of acetyl pepstatin, a known HIV-1 PR inhibitor. Interestingly, compound 8 showed potent HIV-1 PR inhibitory activity in the absence of cytotoxicity against the cell lines used. In addition, compounds 2 and 5 demonstrated cytostatic action in HeLa cells, revealing potential use in virostatic cocktails. Taken together, data presented here suggest Litophyton arboreum to contain promising compounds for further investigation against the diseases mentioned.
Quantitative analysis of brain and spinach leaf lipids employing silicic acid column chromatography and acetone for elution of glycolipids (1967)

Quantitative elution of acidic and neutral glycolipids of brain and spinach leaves from silicic acid columns with acetone was demonstrated. Cerebrosides and sulfatides of brain and sulfolipid and glycosyl diglycerides of spinach leaves were eluted quantitatively with acetone while prospholipids remained on the column. The observations provide the basis for an analytical procedure employing column and quantitative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Sephadex column chromatography is utilized for separation of lipids from nonlipids; silicic acid column chromatography for separation into neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid fractions; and quantitative TLC for analysis of lipid classes of each column fraction.
Methylation levels of LINE‐1 repeats and CpG island loci are inversely related in normal colonic mucosa (2007)

Hypermethylation of CpG island loci within gene promoter regions is a frequent event in colorectal cancer that is often associated with transcriptional silencing and has been referred to as CIMP+. DNA hypomethylation can occur in concert with CIMP+, although these two phenomena appear not to be related in colorectal cancer. The authors investigated here whether the methylation level of LINE-1 repeats, a surrogate marker for genomic methylation, was associated with the level of CpG island methylation in colorectal cancers and in matching normal colonic mucosa from 178 patients. The MethyLight assay was used to quantitate the methylation of CpG islands within the MLH1, P16(INK4A), TIMP3, DAPK, APC, ER and MYOD genes. A real-time, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction assay was also used to quantitate the methylation of LINE-1 repeats. In colorectal cancer, no associations were seen between methylation levels in LINE-1 repeats and CpG island loci, including a new CpG island panel that was recently proposed for CIMP+. In normal colonic mucosa, however, the methylation level of LINE-1 repeats was inversely correlated with CpG-island methylation of the MLH1, P16, TIMP3, APC, ER and MYOD genes. The methylation level of LINE-1 repeats in normal colonic mucosa also showed significant associations with common polymorphisms in the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase and methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase genes involved in methyl group metabolism. Further investigation of genomic and CpG island methylation in normal colonic mucosa and the possible influences of environmental and genetic factors may provide new insights into the development of CIMP+ colorectal cancer.
Crossbar Logic Using Bipolar and Complementary Resistive Switches (2011)

Memristive switches are promising devices for future nonvolatile nanocrossbar memory devices. In particular, complementary resistive switches (CRSs) are the key enabler for passive crossbar array implementation solving the sneak path obstacle. To provide logic along with memory functionality, “material implication” (IMP) was suggested as the basic logic operation for bipolar resistive switches. Here, we show that every bipolar resistive switch as well as CRSs can be considered as an elementary IMP logic unit and can systematically be understood in terms of finite-state machines, i.e., either a Moore or a Mealy machine. We prove our assumptions by measurements, which make the IMP capability evident. Local fusion of logic and memory functions in crossbar arrays becomes feasible for CRS arrays, particularly for the suggested stacked topology, which offers even more common Boolean logic operations such as and and nor .
Combined Self-Seeding and Carrier Remodulation Method for Reflective Transmitters in WDM-PON (2013)

We propose a RSOA-based WDM-PON architecture, combining self-seeding and carrier remodulation. A maximum 2.5 dB power penalty for a BER@10−10 was achieved for an injection power of – 22 dBm on 1.25 Gbps transmission.
The Enchantment of Industrial Communications (2011)

The industrialization of communication among Muslims was one of the major overall characteristics of Bombay's religious economy. Powered by the spread of cheap mass-produced paper and inexpensive iron printing-presses, Bombay's industrialization enabled the city to become the most important Muslim printing centre in the Indian Ocean. Not only did this industrialization of communications mean that the varied textual productions of Bombay's religious economy were mass-produced in a period in which printing was comparatively underdeveloped in Bombay's oceanic and continental hinterlands, it also enabled the distribution of both the textual and embodied productions of the religious economy through the export of books and holy men on the steamship networks that Bombay similarly dominated. While this was an industrially enabled pattern of reproduction and distribution, such reliance on machines and steam-power no more led to a disenchanted religiosity in Bombay than it did in mill-towns such as Manchester or Ashton-under-Lyne in the age of such ocean-going charismatics as the ‘Shaker’ Ann Lee and the Yorkshire prophet John Wroe, whose heaven-sent visions were filled with steam-belching engines and flying iron sky-trains. With regard to Muslim contexts, the spread of printing and the acceleration of travel through the development of steamships and ocean liners have usually been associated with the emergence of Islamic Reform. In contrast to the abundant literature associating the spread of modern communications with Modernist, Protestant or Pan-Islamist Islams, this chapter argues that such communications as printing and travel were neutral technologies that could be and were made use of by the full range of religious firms operating in the religious economy of a given region.
Net Renal Arginine Flux in Rats is Not Affected by Dietary Arginine or Dietary Protein Intake (1992)

Kidneys of adult animals serve as a major biosynthetic source of arginine. Recently, we demonstrated that kidneys of rats infused with citrulline responded to the elevated plasma citrulline concentrations by increasing citrulline uptake and producing greater quantities of arginine. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding adult male rats different levels of arginine or protein on renal arginine synthesis. Feeding arginine (0, 0.5 and 2.0%) for 1 wk increased circulating plasma concentrations of arginine 2.5-fold (196 mumol/L) in the 2.0% arginine group compared with the 0 and 0.5% arginine groups (73 and 81 mumol/L, respectively). However, the plasma citrulline concentration was unchanged. The renal uptake of citrulline and release of arginine were similar in all the three groups fed different levels of arginine. Feeding diets containing 5, 12 and 50% protein for 1 wk did not alter the circulating plasma concentrations of either citrulline or arginine, and there were no significant differences in the renal release of arginine. These results suggest that renal arginine synthesis is independent of dietary arginine or protein intake.
Very Small Embryonic-Like Stem Cells from the Murine Bone Marrow Differentiate into Epithelial Cells of the Lung (2013)

The view that adult stem cells are lineage restricted has been challenged by numerous reports of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells giving rise to epithelial cells. Previously, we demonstrated that nonhematopoietic BM cells are the primary source of BM-derived lung epithelial cells. Here, we tested the hypothesis that very small embryonic like cells (VSELs) are responsible for this engraftment. We directly compared the level of BM-derived epithelial cells after transplantation of VSELs, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, or other nonhematopoietic cells. VSELs clearly had the highest rate of forming epithelial cells in the lung. By transplanting VSELs from donor mice expressing H2B-GFP under a type 2 pneumocyte-specific promoter, we demonstrate that this engraftment occurs by differentiation and not fusion. This is the first report of VSELs differentiating into an endodermal lineage in vivo, thereby potentially crossing germ layer lineages. Our data suggest that Oct4+ VSELs in the adult BM exhibit broad differentiation potential.
Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of Lithium Ion in Spherical PVC–MnO<sub>2</sub> Ion Sieve (2012)

A spherical PVC–MnO2 ion sieve of 2.0–3.5 mm diameter was prepared by the antisolvent method using synthesized Li4Mn5O12 ultrafine powder as the precursor, poly(vinyl chloride) as the binder, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as solvent. Batch experiments of the adsorption capacity (isotherm) and adsorption rate of Li+ on the spherical PVC–MnO2 ion sieve were studied. Spherical PVC–MnO2 had a high adsorption capacity for Li+, and the isotherm data were well fitted by the Langmuir model; the adsorption kinetics were well described by the Lagergren equation. Furthermore, a mathematical model was set up to calculate the film mass transfer coefficient (kf) and pore diffusivity (Dp) of the adsorbent. Continuous flow experiments for study of Li+ adsorption breakthrough and the subsequent desorption (elution) in a PVC–MnO2 packed column were carried out employing six feed solutions of various pH values and concentrations of Li+, Na+, K+, and Mg2+ for simulating brine samples of various salt lakes and/or seawaters. After the adsorption treatment to concentrate the Li+ on PVC–MnO2, the column was regenerated by 1.0 mol/L HCl which supplied H+ to accomplish elution of the adsorbed Li+ by ion exchange. The experimental results demonstrate that PVC–MnO2 had high selectivity for Li+ and that its adsorption of Li+ from the feed were little affected by Na+, K+, and Mg2+ also present in the feed solution. Spherical PVC–MnO2 is an attractive medium for large scale lithium extraction from brine or seawater.
An integrated communications framework for context aware continuous monitoring with body sensor networks (2009)

This paper deals with a wireless pervasive communication system to support advanced healthcare applications. The proposed system is based on an ad hoc interaction of mobile body sensor networks with independent wireless sensor networks already deployed within the environments in order to allow a continuous and context aware health monitoring for patients along their daily life scenarios with an unprecedented precision and flexibility of sensing. After an accurate protocol characterization, simulation results are provided, underlining remarkable performance with respect to existing solutions, for different mobility models and node density values.
Quantification of glycophorin A and glycophorin B on normal human RBCs by flow cytometry (2003)

A simple method to quantify antigen sites on RBCs was developed. It could be applied whenever one antibody is assumed to bind exactly one antigen.
Design Research in the Netherlands: Introducing Logarithms Using Realistic Mathematics Education (2011)

This article describes Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), a design theory for mathematics education proposed by Hans Freudenthal and developed over 40 years of developmental research at the Freudenthal Institute for Science and Mathematics Education in the Netherlands. Activities from a unit to develop student understanding of logarithms are used to exemplify the RME design principle of progressive formalization. Starting from contexts that elicit students’ informal reasoning, a series of representations and key questions were used to build connections between informal, pre-formal and formal representations of mathematics. Student and teacher comments from the pilot of this unit in a College Algebra course at a U.S. community college suggest this approach may benefit students who have been underserved by traditional approaches to mathematics instruction.
In-Situ Measurements of Cu in an Estuarine Environment Using a Portable Spectrophotometric Analysis System (2003)

Application of a portable in-situ spectrophotometric analysis system for the measurement of Cu in estuarine environments is described in this work. Our spectrophotometric elemental analysis system (SEAS) used for in-situ observations of Cu concentrations is capable of fully autonomous or user-controlled operations. The optical cells used in SEAS systems are flexible liquid core waveguides (LCWs) with optical path lengths as long as 5 m. The 1-m waveguide used in the present study provided a 3.0 nM detection limit and a 5.0% relative standard deviation for a 25 nM copper sample. Analysis times range between 1 and 5 min, allowing for acquisition of data on scales appropriate to the highly dynamic biogeochemical nature of copper in the coastal environment. Field deployments of SEAS-Cu in Tampa Bay, FL, showed low Cu concentrations near the mouth of the estuary (3-4 nM), with elevated concentrations (approximately 25 nM) in anthropogenically impacted regions of the bay (e.g., marinas and areas adjacent wastewater treatment plants). Transect data between Tampa Bay and a deep water harborage exhibited copper concentrations ranging between 5 and 50 nM.