gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Malignant lymphomas (2016)

Malignant lymphomas represent neoplasias arising from the peripheral lymphatic tissues in lymph nodes and extranodal sites. Classification in Hodgkin’s (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL), B- or T-cell origin, nodal or extranodal involvement, and indolent or aggressive diseases gives a basic algorithm for clinical management. The introduction of positron emission tomography (PET) using <sup>18</sup>F-Fluoro-deoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) both alone or in combination with CT or MRI (PET/CT) improved accuracy of staging procedures and increasingly influence treatment algorithms. Current treatment options include classic cytotoxic drugs and radiotherapy and have been expanded by monoclonal antibodies, agents targeting signalling pathways and transplant procedures during the last two decades. Using this arsenal about 90% of patients with Hodgkin’s lymphomas and 60–80% of patients with aggressive B-NHL can be cured today.
Digital Bandlimiting Filters for P.C.M. Transmission Systems (1979)

Bandlimiting filtering is required at the input to p.c.m. transmission and switching systems to prevent aliasing. The required filtering can be performed by a combination of analog and digital filters or by analog filters alone. This paper discusses a combination of a simple analog filter and digital filter suitable for Large Scale Integration. Both recursive and transversal digital filters are considered each in a variety of realizations. The realizations include two filters which exploit the companded nature of the p.c.m. code by using logarithmic signal processing to simplify multiplication. Comparisons are made between the realizations and the most suitable types for Large Scale Integration are found to be a recursive look-up table filter and a transversal logarithmic filter.
How To Maintain Maximal Straight Path Running Speed on a Curved Path in Sprint Events (2018)

This study aims to clarify the ideal technique for running on a curved path during sprinting events. Participants were twelve male track and field athletes including long jumpers and sprinters. The participants performed a 60-m sprint with maximal effort on straight and curved paths. Participants were divided into "good curve runners" and "poor curve runners" according to the curved path running speed relative to that of the straight path. Kinematic variables and ground reaction forces (GRFs) were registered and compared between the groups and paths. The running speed, step length, and flight distance of the outside leg on the curved path were lower than on the straight path only in poor curve runners. The medial-lateral GRF and impulse showed an increase during curved path running for both groups. However, the maximum posterior GRF and impulse decreased only in poor curve runners. The ideal technique for running on a curved path is to maintain the same kinematics and kinetics in the sagittal plane as on a straight path.
Capturing the missing [AgF<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> anion within an Ru<sub>2</sub>(<scp>iii</scp>/<scp>iii</scp>) dimeric dumbbell complex (2016)

The complex {[Ru2(ap)4]2[AgF2]}[BF4]3 ({2}[BF4]3, ap = 2-anilinopyridine), containing the [AgF2](-) anion ligated to two [Ru2](6+) cores, is prepared, characterized, and compared to dimeric dumbbell-type structures, monomeric Ru2 structures, as well as the known set of dihalo coinage-metalate anions. X-ray crystallography indicates that the Ru-Ru and Ru-F distances are rather short, 2.2835(3) Å and 2.054(1) Å, respectively, while the Ag-F distance of 2.274(1) Å is longer than that calculated for the free/un-ligated anion. Cyclic voltammetry in dichloromethane indicates that, while some of {2}(3+) breaks apart into an [Ru2(ap)4F](+) ([3](+)) monomer in solution, the remaining dimer has a single reversible two-electron redox feature for the Ru2(6/5+) couple that is at a lower potential than that of [3](+). This is one of the few examples of a ligated dihalo coinage-metalate, and it is the first example of a coinage metal difluoride anion, either free or ligated.
Magnetic resonance imaging (2017)

Although MRI and x-ray measurements of cervical sagittal parameters were different, there were significant correlations between the results. MRI could be used to evaluate the sagittal balance of the cervical spine with great reliability.
??7 integrins contribute to skin graft rejection (2002)

Background. Because integrins α4β7 and αEβ7 contribute to epidermotropism of T-cells during skin inflammation, we sought to study their role in skin allograft rejection. Methods. Wild-type (WT) (β7+/+) and β7 gene knockout (β7-/-) C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice and SJL/J (H-2s) mice served as donors and recipients of allogeneic skin grafts. An anti-integrin β7 subunit mAb (FIB504.64) was used to treat WT β7+/+ C57BL/6 recipients of skin grafts from SJL/J mice. Results. WT C57BL/6 recipients acutely rejected skin from SJL/J mice in 13 days. In contrast, the survival of SJL/J skin on either β7-/- gene knockout or WT C57BL/6 recipients treated with anti-β7 subunit mAb, was prolonged by 6 to 7 additional days (P <0.01). The survival of skin allografts from either β7-/- or β7+/+ C57BL/6 mice received by SJL/J recipients was not prolonged (P >0.05). Conclusions. β7 integrins contribute to skin graft rejection, in accord with their role in mediating the epidermotropism of T-cells during skin inflammation.
Stereospecific synthesis of ether and thioether phospholipids. The use of L-glyceric acid as a chiral phospholipid precursor (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific synthesis of ether and thioether phospholipids. The use of L-glyceric acid as a chiral phospholipid precursorSuresh K. Bhatia and Joseph HajduCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 21, 5034–5039Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00256a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00256a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views701Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tentacle probe sandwich assay in porous polymer monolith improves specificity, sensitivity and kinetics (2008)

Nucleic acid sandwich assays improve low-density array analysis through the addition of a capture probe and a specific label, increasing specificity and sensitivity. Here, we employ photo-initiated porous polymer monolith (PPM) as a high-surface area substrate for sandwich assay analysis. PPMs are shown to enhance extraction efficiency by 20-fold from 2 microl of sample. We further compare the performance of labeled linear probes, quantum dot labeled probes, molecular beacons (MBs) and tentacle probes (TPs). Each probe technology was compared and contrasted with traditional hybridization methods using labeled sample. All probes demonstrated similar sensitivity and greater specificity than traditional hybridization techniques. MBs and TPs were able to bypass a wash step due to their 'on-off' signaling mechanism. TPs demonstrated reaction kinetics 37.6 times faster than MBs, resulting in the fastest assay time of 5 min. Our data further indicate TPs had the most sensitive detection limit (<1 nM) as well as the highest specificity (>1 x 10(4) improvement) among all tested probes in these experiments. By matching the enhanced extraction efficiencies of PPM with the selectivity of TPs, we have created a format for improved sandwich assays.
Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductases C and D Are Major Antigens Constitutively Expressed by <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (2000)

Antigens characteristic for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis were identified by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and by absorbing out cross-reactive antigens by using a polyclonal and polyvalent Mycobacterium avium subspecies avium antiserum. Two antigens were present in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and not detected in Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. They were identified as antigens 17 and 20 in a CIE reference system for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigens. Purified antigen 20 was identified as alkyl hydroperoxide reductase C (AhpC) while the N-terminal part of purified antigen 17 showed 80% homology with alkyl hydroperoxide reductase D (AhpD) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. AhpC had a nonreduced mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis corresponding to a molecular mass of 45 kDa and is probably a homodimer linked with disulfide bridges in its native form. AhpD had a mobility corresponding to 19 kDa. Monospecific rabbit antiserum against AhpC and AhpD reacted with 9 strains of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis but not with 20 other mycobacterial strains except for a Mycobacterium gordonae strain, against which a weak cross-reactive band was produced. Goats experimentally infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis had strong gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) responses toward both AhpC and AhpD, and they also had antibodies against AhpC. The ability of AhpC and AhpD to induce IFN-gamma production shows that these proteins potentially could be used in future vaccines or in diagnostic assays. These results further show that AhpC and AhpD are immunologically important proteins which are constitutively and highly expressed in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis without the bacteria being submitted to oxidative stress and that the specificities of antigens can be a matter of different levels of protein expression in various species as well as distinct structural differences.
MAL/MRTF-A controls migration of non-invasive cells by upregulation of cytoskeleton-associated proteins (2011)

Monomeric actin regulates gene expression through serum response factor (SRF) by inhibiting its transcriptional coactivator myocardin-related transcription factor (MAL/MRTF). Many affected genes encode cytoskeletal components. We have analysed the migratory effects of actin-MAL signalling and of new target genes in non-invasive highly adherent cells. Expression of active MAL impaired migration of both fibroblasts and epithelial cells, whereas dominant-negative constructs and partial knockdown of MAL/MRTF enhanced motility. Knockdown of three newly characterised G-actin-regulated MAL targets, integrin α5, plakophilin 2 (Pkp2) and FHL1, enhanced cell migration. All three were upregulated by external stimulation through actin-MAL-SRF signalling, and MAL and SRF were inducibly recruited to cis-regulatory elements of the integrin α5 and Pkp2 genes. Finally, the reduced migration of epithelial cells stably expressing MAL was partially reversed by knockdown of Pkp2 and FHL1. We conclude that the actin-MAL pathway promotes adhesive gene expression, including integrin α5, Pkp2 and FHL1, and that this is anti-motile for non-invasive cells harbouring high basal activity.
Interfering with mineralocorticoid receptor activation: the past, present, and future (2014)

Aldosterone is a potent mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal gland. Aldosterone binds to and activates the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in a plethora of tissues, but the cardiovascular actions of aldosterone are of primary interest clinically. Although MR antagonists were developed as antihypertensive agents, they are now considered to be important therapeutic options for patients with heart failure. Specifically, blocking only the MR has proven to be a difficult task because of its similarity to other steroid receptors, including the androgen and progesterone receptors. This lack of specificity caused the use of the first-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists to be fraught with difficulty because of the side effects produced by drug administration. However, in recent years, several advances have been made that could potentially increase the clinical use of agents that inhibit the actions of aldosterone. These will be discussed here along with some examples of the beneficial effects of these new therapeutic agents.
Efficient Strategy for Out-of-Order Event Stream Processing (2014)

Complex event processing has been widely used in many modern applications. Akey aspect of complex event processing is to extract patterns from event streams to make informed decisions in real-time. However, network latencies and machine failures may cause events to arrive out-of-order at the event processing engine. To address the problem, a number of disordered event processing techniques are proposed. In this paper, we introduce latency distance and purging time to process out-of-order event streams in real-time. Further, we present a redo strategy based on playback, with which those false pattern matches produced at the early phase can be corrected by the aid of the cloud platform. We conduct extensive experiments, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods.
Printed double-T monopole antenna for 2.4/5.2 GHz dual-band WLAN operations (2003)

A novel and simple printed dual-band double-T monopole antenna is proposed. The antenna comprises two stacked T-shaped monopoles of different sizes, which generate two separate resonant modes for the desired dual-band operation. The proposed antenna has a low profile and can easily be fed by using a 50 /spl Omega/ microstrip line. Prototypes of the proposed antenna designed for WLAN operations in the 2.4 and 5.2 GHz bands have been constructed and tested. Good radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna have been obtained. Effects of varying the monopole dimensions and the ground-plane size on the antenna performance have also been studied.
Coreless PCB transformers with multiple secondary windings for complementary gate drive circuits (2002)

This paper describes the modeling and implementation of a coreless PCB-based transformer with 'multiple' secondary outputs. This new PCB transformer has been successfully applied in complementary gate drive circuits in a novel low-profile power converter with high power density and converter bridge. The PCB-based transformers do not require the manual winding procedure and thus simplify the manufacturing process of transformer isolated gate drive circuits. The use of the multiple secondary outputs can, in principle, simplify the complementary gate drive circuits that are often required in many power electronics applications.
O rap e o funk em atendimentos musicoterapêuticos em uma unidade socioeducativa (2016)

O presente artigo é apresentar como estilos como o rap e o funk, cujo os conteúdos contém problemáticas sociais diversas podem ser utilizados em atendimentos musicoterapêuticos em uma unidade socioeducativa. Será apresentada uma composição de funk e os elementos de ressocialização em seu conteúdo. Serão utilizados conceitos de Identidade Sonoro Musical (ISo), um conceito da área musicoterapêutica (BARCELLOS, 2003) e conceitos da Psicologia Sóciohistórica (FURTADO, 2002) para a análise da composição.
Hydrothermal Self‐assembly Synthesis of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hydrogel and Its High Electrochemical Performance for Supercapacitors (2013)

Abstract In the present work Mn 3 O 4 /reduced graphene oxide hydrogel (Mn 3 O 4 ‐rGOH) with three dimensional (3D) networks was fabricated by a hydrothermal self‐assembly route. The morphology, composition, and microstructure of the as‐obtained samples were characterized using powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry analysis (TG), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Moreover, the electrochemical behaviors were evaluated by cyclic voltammogram (CV), galvanostatic charge‐discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The test results indicated that the hydrogel with 6.9% Mn 3 O 4 achieved specific capacitance of 148 F·g −1 at a specific current of 1 A·g −1 , and showed excellent cycling stability with no decay after 1200 cycles. In addition, its specific capacitance could retain 70% even at 20 A·g −1 in comparison with that at 1 A·g −1 and the operating window was up to 1.8 V in a neutral electrolyte.
High-Q micromechanical oscillators and filters for communications (2002)

With Q's in the tens to hundreds of thousands, micromachined vibrating resonators are proposed as IC-compatible tanks for use in the low phase noise oscillators and highly selective filters of communications systems. To date, LF oscillators have been fully integrated using merged CMOS+microstructure technologies, and bandpass filters consisting of coupled resonators have been demonstrated in the HF range. The performance of fabricated two- and three-resonator filters with center frequencies ranging from 300 kHz to 10 MHz and filter Q's from 100 to 2400 are reported. Evidence suggests that the ultimate frequency range of this high-Q tank technology depends upon material limitations, as well as design constraints-in particular, to the degree of electromechanical coupling achievable in micro-scale resonators.
On the Isothermal Age-hardening of Fe-Ni-Mn Martensitic Alloys (1968)

The age-hardening behaviours of the Fe-Ni-Mn martensitic alloys have been studied in relation to hardness, microstructure, lattice constant, electrical resistivity and magnetic properties comparing with those of the non-age-hardenable Fe-Ni and Fe-Mn martensitic alloys. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows.(1) In the age-hardenable Fe-Ni-Mn alloys, the matrix becomes etchable accompanying the reveal of fine particles during age-hardening. In this hardening stage, the electrical resistivity decreases and the lattice constant of matrix is maintained in almost constant while the half width of X-ray diffraction line increases. The reversion can be observed in the age-hardened Fe-Ni-Mn alloys.(2) In the non-age-hardenable Fe-Ni alloy, austenite appears during aging and grows in lameller and the half width decreases abruptly on a short time aging.(3) Although the age-hardening of Fe-Ni-Mn martensitic alloys cannot be ascribed to one factor, it seems likely that the strain hardening due to the formation of the coherent precipitate or zone in the matrix is a major factor. It is difficult to consider that such coherent precipitate or zone will be formed in the non age-hardenable Fe-Ni or Fe-Mn martensitic alloys.(4) The formation of such precipitate or zone will be possible when the miscibility gap island can be assumed in the martensitic matrix of Fe-Ni-Mn alloys.
Synthesis of 5-Aminopyrazole-4-carbonitriles (1989)

A one-pot reaction between substituted hydrazines, malononitrile and triethyl orthoformate leads directly to the formation of 1-substituted 5-aminopyrazole-4-carbonitriles. The scope and limitations of this synthetic procedure are discussed in relation to the well established synthesis of these compounds via substituted hydrazines and ethoxymethylenemalononitrile.
An approximate inverse recipe method with application to automatic food analysis (2014)

We propose a method for automatically determining the amount of each ingredient used to prepare a commercial food using the information provided on its label. The method applies when no part of any ingredient is removed in the preparation process and as long as we can collect the nutrition data (e.g., from the USDA Food Database) for at least some of the ingredients. Using this information, we first find a set of initial minimum and maximum bounds for each ingredient amount. Then we improve these maximum and minimum bounds using an iterative method. The resulting bounds on the ingredient amounts can then be used to estimate the nutrient content of the food. We tested this approach for estimating the phenylalanine content of various commercial foods. Phenylalanine is an amino acid that must be carefully monitored when treating patients with the metabolic disease phenylketonuria (PKU). Our numerical tests indicate that the accuracy of our method is within an acceptable range (10mg Phe) for most of the foods we considered. We implemented a web-based application of our proposed method for public use. Our method should be applicable to the estimation of nutrients involved in the management of other medical diets.
Real Time Data-Driven Approaches for Credit Card Fraud Detection (2018)

Credit card fraud causes many financial losses for customer and also for the organization. For this reason, in the past few years, many studies have been performed using machine learning techniques to detect and block fraudulent transactions. This paper introduces two real time data-driven approaches using optimal anomaly detection techniques for credit card fraud detection. The efficiency of this method is studied over a real data set from European credit card holders. Our experiments show that our approaches achieved a high-level of detection accuracy and a low percentage of false alarm rate. Our approaches will bring many benefits for the organizations and for individual users in terms of cost and time efficiency.
Grain Nucleation and Growth During Phase Transformations (2002)

The mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials are largely determined by the kinetics of the phase transformations during the production process. Progress in x-ray diffraction instrumentation at synchrotron sources has created an opportunity to study the transformation kinetics at the level of individual grains. Our measurements show that the activation energy for grain nucleation is at least two orders of magnitude smaller than that predicted by thermodynamic models. The observed growth curves of the newly formed grains confirm the parabolic growth model but also show three fundamentally different types of growth. Insight into the grain nucleation and growth mechanisms during phase transformations contributes to the development of materials with optimal mechanical properties.