gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of inhibition of insulin release (1996)

Several agonists including norepinephrine, somatostatin, galanin, and prostaglandins inhibit insulin releasse. The inhibition is sensitive to pertussis toxin, indicating the involvement of heterotrimeric Gi and/or Go proteins. Receptors for the different agonists have different selectivity for these G proteins. After G protein activation, the alpha- and beta gamma-subunits dissociate and interact with multiple targets to inhibit release. These include 1) the ATP-sensitive K+ channel and perhaps other K+ channels, 2) L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, 3) adenylyl cyclase, and 4) a “distal” site late in stimulus-secretion coupling. The latter effect, which may be exerted close to the final stage of exocytosis, is the most powerful of the individual inhibitory mechanisms. G protein action on the target molecules is determined by the individual G proteins activated and their specificity for the targets. The L-type Ca2+ channel is inhibited by G(o)-1. Adenylyl cyclase is inhibited by Gi-2 and Gi-3. The distal inhibition can be exerted by Gi-1, Gi-2, Gi-3, and G(o)-2. Thus there is both selectivity and promiscuity in G protein action in the beta-cell. These characteristics allow an inhibitory ligand to be effective at multiple targets and to act differentially from other inhibitory ligands.
Temperature dependence of Fowler-Nordheim current in 6H- and 4H-SiC MOS capacitors (1997)

This work reports on Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) injection studies on n-type 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC MOS systems under positive gate bias from 25 to 325/spl deg/C. At a given temperature and electric field, the current density in the 4H-SiC MOS system is about five times higher than that in 6H-SiC due to the smaller effective barrier height for the 4H-SiC MOS system as compared to 6H-SiC. The reduction of the effective barrier height with temperature, particularly in 4H-SiC, raises serious concerns about the long-term reliability of gate oxides in SiC. It is concluded that the maximum practical values of electric field in the 4H-SiC MOS system under positive gate bias and high junction temperature should be reduced to below the values used in the Si MOS system.
Real time phase compensation using a tomographical pupil image wavefront sensor (TPI-WFS) (2016)

This paper presents a method to recover the wavefront phase at the telescope pupil, distorted because of the atmosphere action, and its use to command a deformable mirror to compensate for the optical aberrations in real time (AOLI instrument). For this purpose, an evolution of the geometric sensor [1] was used to restore the wavefront from two defocused images. Furthermore, by using specialized hardware the computations can be performed in real time, within the stability time of the atmosphere.
Determination and Correlation of Solubility Data and Dissolution Thermodynamic Data of <scp>l</scp>-Lactide in Different Pure Solvents (2012)

The solubility of l-lactide in pure ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, isopropanol, methanol, and methylbenzene from (278.15 to 338.15) K was determined by dynamic method with a laser monitoring technique. It was found that l-lactide is sparingly soluble in ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, and methylbenzene while it has high solubility in ethyl acetate and acetone. The solubility data of l-lactide in different solvents increase with the increasing of temperature. The measured solubility data of l-lactide were correlated by using the modified Apelblat, Wilson, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL), and universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) models, respectively. It was found that NRTL equations give the best correlation results for most solvents except for ethanol. The dissolution enthalpy, entropy of l-lactide, and the free Gibbs energy change of l-lactide in these solvents were obtained by using the van’t Hoff equation. From solubility data, melting point, fusion enthalpy, and entropy of l-lactide and d-lactide, it was proven that the thermodynamic data of d-lactide are the same with those data of l-lactide.
A new class of lateral power devices for HVIC's based on the 3D RESURF concept (2002)

This paper reports a new device concept applicable to a large class of power devices which we term 3D power devices. The concept is based on 3D fundamental forward blocking and 3D on-state operation using a transversal junction perpendicular on the axis between the main terminals. This junction acts effectively to spread uniformly the potential in the blocking mode and allows 3D minority injection across it in the on-state. Several devices are reported, and demonstrated through 2D Medici and 3D Davinci simulations.
Laser Micro Sintering – a Versatile Instrument for the Generation of Microparts (2007)

Abstract Miniaturization is one of the main imperatives in high‐tech development and therefore a persistent challenge for mechanical engineering. Recently a freeform technique – Laser Micro Sintering – has been developed by which micro parts with an overall resolution of 30 μm can be produced from powder materials. The technique is a generative freeform fabrication method based on selective laser sintering; it can produce hollows and undercuts and does not afford shape‐specific tools. Functional micro bodies can be generated from metals and ceramics.
Design Space Exploration Acceleration Through Operation Clustering (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper presents a clustering method called clustering design space exploration (CDS-ExpA) to accelerate the architectural exploration of behavioral descriptions in C and SystemC. The trade-offs between faster exploration versus optimality of results are investigated. Two variations of CDS-ExpA were developed: CDS-ExpA(min) and CDS-ExpA(max). CDS-ExpA(min) builds the smallest possible clusters while CDS-ExpA(max) builds the largest possible ones, reducing further the design space. Results show that CDS-ExpA(min) and CDS-ExpA(max) explore the design space 90% and 92% faster on average than a previously developed annealer-based exploration, method, at the expense of not finding 36% and 47% of the Pareto optimal designs and finding the smallest design that is 7% and 9% on average, larger, and the fastest design 28% and 32% slower, respectively. </para>
A serial link transceiver for USB2 high-speed mode (2002)

The Universal Serial Bus (USB) technology is now becoming an integral part of the personal computer platform. In this paper, the transceiver architecture and circuits are proposed and implemented for USB2 high-speed mode with 480 Mb/s bandwidth. This physical layer of USB2 consists of transmitter, receiver, two envelope detectors and an all-digital clock recovery/data synchronization blocks. It has been implemented with UMC 0.35 /spl mu/m 1P4M 3.3 V CMOS technology and consumes only 156 mW.
Pocket Gamelan: Tuneable Trajectories For Flying Sources In Mandala 3 And Mandala 4 (2006)

This paper describes two new live performance scenarios for performing music using bluetooth-enabled mobile phones. Interaction between mobile phones via wireless link is a key feature of the performance interface for each scenario. Both scenarios are discussed in the context of two publicly performed works for an ensemble of players in which mobile phone handsets are used both as sound sources and as hand-held controllers. In both works mobile phones are mounted in a specially devised pouch attached to a cord and physically swung to produce audio chorusing. During performance some players swing phones while others operate phones as hand-held controllers. Wireless connectivity enables interaction between flying and hand-held phones. Each work features different bluetooth implementations. In one a dedicated mobile phone acts as a server that interconnects multiple clients, while in the other point to point communication takes place between clients on an ad hoc basis. The paper summarises bluetooth tools designed for live performance realisation and concludes with a comparative evaluation of both scenarios for future implementation of performance by large ensembles of nonexpert players performing microtonal music using ubiquitous technology.
Ion channels in a skeletal muscle cell line from a Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient (1994)

A cell line (RCDMD), derived from a muscle biopsy taken from a 7-year-old patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), was established in vitro using conditioned media from the UCHT1 thyroid cell line as described elsewhere (Biochim Biophys Acta 1992; 1134:247-255). Unlike other cell lines established by the same procedure, RCDMD cells were highly refractory to transformation and the resulting cell line grew slowly with a doubling time of approximately 72 h. Further, cells continue to grow after more than 20 doublings and 15 passages. Some of the characteristics of the cell line include lack of reaction with antidystrophin antibodies and the presence of receptors for the dihydropyridine PN200-110 (Kd) = 0.3 +/- 0.05 nmol/L and Bmax = 1.06 +/- 0.03 pmol/mg protein) and for alpha-bungarotoxin (Kd = 1.02 +/- 0.17 nmol/L and Bmax = 4.2 +/- 0.37 pmol/mg protein). Patch clamped cells in the voltage clamp configuration lack ion currents when growing in complete medium with high serum, but they can be induced to differentiate by serum deprivation and addition of hormones and trace elements. After 5 days in differentiating medium, noninactivating, delayed rectifier potassium currents are seen. At day 12, A-type, inactivating potassium currents as well as transient inward currents are seen. In conditions in which sodium and potassium currents are absent, a very fast activating and fast inactivating calcium current was evident. The cell line offers the possibility of studying cellular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of DMD.
Qualitative Simulation von Ökosystemen (1997)

In der klassischen kontinuierlichen Simulation werden für die Modellgleichungen die exakten Parameterwerte benötigt. Vielfach liegen sie jedoch nicht vor und können auch nicht näherungsweise bestimmt werden. Manchmal existiert nur eine Vorstellung über ihre Grössenordnung oder es ist nur das Vorzeichen bekannt. In solchen Fällen ist es sehr wohl möglich, qualitative Simulationsverfahren einzusetzen. Für die Beurteilung von Ökosystemen ist es wesentlich zu wissen, ob die Möglichkeit des Zusammenbruchs besteht. Diese Frage kann man mittels qualitativer Simulation beantworten, indem man sich in einem Lauf die gesamte Lösungsvielfalt des Modells erzeugen läßt. Die Arbeitsweise der qualitativen Simulation und ihre Anwendung auf Ökosysteme werden in dem Beitrag vorgestellt.
Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells (2010)

Life on earth is subject to alternating cycles of day and night imposed by the rotation of the earth. Consequently, living things have evolved photodetective systems to synchronize their physiology and behavior with the external light-dark cycle. This form of photodetection is unlike the familiar "image vision," in that the basic information is light or darkness over time, independent of spatial patterns. "Nonimage" vision is probably far more ancient than image vision and is widespread in living species. For mammals, it has long been assumed that the photoreceptors for nonimage vision are also the textbook rods and cones. However, recent years have witnessed the discovery of a small population of retinal ganglion cells in the mammalian eye that express a unique visual pigment called melanopsin. These ganglion cells are intrinsically photosensitive and drive a variety of nonimage visual functions. In addition to being photoreceptors themselves, they also constitute the major conduit for rod and cone signals to the brain for nonimage visual functions such as circadian photoentrainment and the pupillary light reflex. Here we review what is known about these novel mammalian photoreceptors.
Sulfur-Nickel Foam as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries (2014)

Sulfur-nickel foam cathode materials prepared by an in situ solution-based method were served as electrode of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. At the rate of 0.5 C, the Li-S cells deliver an initial discharge capacity of 1340 mAh g–1 and 493 mAh g–1 after 500 cycles. It is shown that these Li-S cells are of high rate stabilities with a nearly 100% stable coulombic efficiency at various rates from 0.1 C to 5 C. The electrochemical stability of Li-S batteries is mainly due to the strong binding between the highly dispersed sulphur and nickel foam skeletons.
Analyzing Financial Smart Contracts for Blockchain (2018)

The recent advancement in Blockchain technology and cryp-tocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum has captured interest of many researchers in academia and industry. Since its advent, the Blockchain was inherently supposed to be used in combination with cryptocurrencies but currently this technology is being used in other areas as well. One particular area based on the distributed ledger technology that has grabbed the attention of many technologist and financial marketers is “Smart Contracts”. Based on a cryptocurrency framework known as Ethereum, these smart contracts can be used for different applications such as Option Pricing, Currency Exchange, Revenue Management System, Crowd-funding and Peer-to-Peer networking. In our current effort, we have designed a smart contract and demonstrate that this smart contract could be used to take various possible positions in an European style option. We have analyzed the contract for potential security vulnerabilities when implemented in Blockchain. These option based smart contracts could be used for collateral contract services among finance industries.
Denoising in Monte Carlo Photon Transport Simulation Using GPU-accelerated Adaptive Non-Local Mean Filter (2018)

We propose a GPU-accelerated adaptive non-local-mean filter to reduce the stochastic noise presented in Monte Carlo photon transport simulations. After filtering, the noise in the output is comparable to that obtained using roughly 10-fold photons.
Micromachined silicon microvalve (2002)

The fabrication and experimental results of an electrostatically actuated silicon microvalve which modulates a gas flow are presented. The microvalve converts an electric signal to a pneumatic signal for pressure or gas-flow control. Application areas for the microvalve include pneumatic flow control for industrial, commercial, and medical applications. The microvalve is integrally fabricated on a single silicon wafer using surface and bulk micromachining. The microvalve operates against pressures of up to 114 mmHg and flows of up to 150 sccm with a 30 volt signal and hold back pressures of up to 760 mmHg. The valve may be operated in DC or pulse width-modulated voltage modes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fracture-separation of articular cartilage in the adult knee (1985)

Seventy-six knees with fracture-separations of articular cartilage are described. The lesion involved the full thickness of the articular surface with exposed subchondral bone in 28 knees and only part of the thickness in 48. The clinical features and distribution of the lesions within the knee are described.
Breast thermography and cancer risk prediction (1980)

Thermography makes a significant contribution to the evaluation of patients suspected of having breast cancer. The obviously abnormal thermogram carries with it a high risk of cancer. This report summarizes the results of patients with questionable or stage Th III thermograms. From approximately 58,000 patients, most of whom had breast complaints, examined between August 1965 and June 1977, the conditions or a group of 1,245 women were diagnosed at initial examination as either normal or benign disease by conventional means, including physical examination, mammography, ultrasonography, and fine needle aspiration or biopsy, when indicated, but nevertheless categorized as stage Th III indicating a questionable thermal anomaly. Within five years, more than a third of the group had histologically confirmed cancers. The more rapidly growing lesions with shorter doubling times usually show progressive thermographic abnormalities consistent with the increased metabolic heat production associated with such cancers. Thermography is useful not only as a predictor of risk factor for cancer but also to assess the more rapidly growing neoplasms.
New code families for fiber-Bragg-grating-based spectral-amplitude-coding optical CDMA systems (2001)

A series of new code families are constructed for spectral-amplitude-coding optical code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. Then structures of both the transmitter and the receiver in such a system are also proposed based on tunable chirped fiber Bragg gratings. Our analysis shows that the proposed new code families can suppress the intensity noise effectively and, hence, improve the overall system performance.
The Structure of Quinone-Donor Adducts. I. The Action of Triphenylphosphine on p-Benzoquinone, 2,5-Dichloro-p-benzoquinone and Chloranil (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Structure of Quinone-Donor Adducts. I. The Action of Triphenylphosphine on p-Benzoquinone, 2,5-Dichloro-p-benzoquinone and ChloranilFausto Ramirez and Samuel DershowitzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 21, 5614–5622Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01602a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01602a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views610Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Malignant transformation in melanocytes is associated with increased production of procoagulant microvesicles (2011)

Shedding of microvesicles (MVs) by cancer cells is implicated in a variety of biological effects, including the establishment of cancer-associated hypercoagulable states. However, the mechanisms underlying malignant transformation and the acquisition of procoagulant properties by tumour-derived MVs are poorly understood. Here we investigated the procoagulant and prothrombotic properties of MVs produced by a melanocyte-derived cell line (melan-a) as compared to its tumourigenic melanoma counterpart Tm1. Tumour cells exhibit a two-fold higher rate of MVs production as compared to melan-a. Melanoma MVs display greater procoagulant activity and elevated levels of the clotting initiator protein tissue factor (TF). On the other hand, tumour- and melanocyte-derived MVs expose similar levels of the procoagulant lipid phosphatidylserine, displaying identical abilities to support thrombin generation by the prothrombinase complex. By using an arterial thrombosis model, we observed that melanoma- but not melanocyte-derived MVs strongly accelerate thrombus formation in a TF-dependent manner, and accumulate at the site of vascular injury. Analysis of plasma obtained from melanoma-bearing mice showed the presence of MVs with a similar procoagulant pattern as compared to Tm1 MVs produced in vitro. Remarkably, flow-cytometric analysis demonstrated that 60% of ex vivo MVs are TF-positive and carry the melanoma-associated antigen, demonstrating its tumour origin. Altogether our data suggest that malignant transformation in melanocytes increases the production of procoagulant MVs, which may contribute for a variety of coagulation-related protumoural responses.
Local History Matching Using 4D Seismic Data and Multiple Models Combination (2013)

Abstract Nowadays there are several methodologies to incorporate quantitatively 4D seismic data in the history matching of reservoir simulation models. Most of them add a map attribute derived from 4D seismic, which can be impedance maps, saturations etc., in the objective function of the optimization process. In these cases, the goal is to match the dynamic information provided by 4D seismic with simulation response in the whole reservoir area, or the whole area covered by seismic data. In this work, it is proposed a history matching methodology that uses 4D seismic information locally for each injector (and the associated producers) individually, trying to match the water front movement related to each injector with the observed dynamic changes. In order to guarantee consistency with geology, the matching is done by combining static properties that comes from different simulation models. These models are generated through a combination of the most important uncertain parameters in an uncertainty analysis procedure, geologically consistent, that should be run previously. Then, the matching procedure is based on the computation of the water saturation errors at some sub-regions defined around the injector for multiple scenarios; the error is computed between water saturation derived from 4D seismic and each model simulation result. The models which presented the smallest error for each sub-region are selected and a new simulation model is built by combining the static properties extracted from the selected models at each sub-region. Before calculating the saturation errors the volume of water computed from 4D seismic is calibrated to the volume of injected water providing a more robust calibration. The methodology was applied to a synthetic case where porosity and permeability were the main uncertainties updated by the methodology proposed. Since these properties were generated through geostatistic realizations, the adjusted model kept the geological features. The promising results observed in the synthetic case showed that the methodology can be a good alternative for history matching, since it is an easy to implement procedure and it does not require sophisticated optimization algorithms to incorporate 4D seismic into the process.
Design and performance of a low noise, wide tuning range AQP SAW delay line VCO (2003)

A hybrid circuit surface acoustic wave delay line based oscillator was developed in response to an airborne system application. The 160.7 MHz oscillator's electronic frequency tuning range is extremely wide, approximately +or-275 kHz (+or- 1700 ppm). Analog electronic temperature compensation to better than +or-30 ppm at the center of the oscillator's voltage tuning range was incorporated into the design. A phase noise level of better than -80 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz carrier offset frequency was demonstrated on several prototypes. A vibration sensitivity less than 1*10/sup -9//g per axis was achieved in order that the oscillator would operate satisfactorily in the comparatively high vibration airborne environment without significantly degraded phase noise performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>