gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal entity-relationship models-a survey (1999)

The entity-relationship (ER) model, using varying notations and with some semantic variations, is enjoying a remarkable and increasing popularity in both the research community-the computer science curriculum-and in industry. In step with the increasing diffusion of relational platforms, ER modeling is growing in popularity. It has been widely recognized that temporal aspects of database schemas are prevalent and difficult to model using the ER model. As a result, how to enable the ER model to properly capture time-varying information has, for a decade and a half, been an active area in the database research community. This has led to the proposal of close to a dozen temporally enhanced ER models. This paper surveys all temporally enhanced ER models known to the authors. It provides a comprehensive overview of temporal ER modeling and it thus meets a need for consolidating and providing easy access to the research in temporal ER modeling. In the presentation of each model, the paper examines how the time-varying information is captured in the model and presents the new concepts and modeling constructs of the model. A total of 19 different design properties for temporally enhanced ER models are defined, and each model is characterized according to these properties.
LA UNIVERSIDAD NEOLIBERAL Y LA CRISIS EDUCATIVA. DE CÓMO AÑO TRAS AÑO LLEGARON LAS EVALUACIONES (2004)

El momento histórico es de resistencias, pero la recolonización no quiere ceder espacios. La universidad está mercantilizada y cada vez más privatizada. Las reformas neoliberales –que surgen con la destrucción de gremios y cambios en la legalidad–, ahora tienen como eje las evaluaciones y el financiamiento, así han logrado terminar de someter a la comunidad universitaria y, como parte de ella, a los intelectualesde oposición. Necesitamosde reflexiones críticas, propuestasde cambio y acciones prácticas. De esto trata el presente artículo.
Effects of new hypoglycemic agent A-4166 on lipolysis and lipogenesis in rat adipocytes. (2000)

Besides the hyperinsulinemic and hypoglycemic effect of A-4166 also an influence on nonesterified fatty acid serum levels was observed in rats fed high fat diet. This can be partially explained by an antilipolytic action of hyperinsulinemia after A-4166. The studies of lipogenesis showed that Wistar rats fed high fat diet and HTG animals are resistant to the stimulatory action of insulin on lipogenesis and that administration of A-4166 did not affect this response to insulin.
Absolute Instability of a Liquid Jet in a Coflowing Stream (2008)

Cylindrical liquid jets are inherently unstable and eventually break into drops due to the Rayleigh-Plateau instability, characterized by the growth of disturbances that are either convective or absolute in nature. Convective instabilities grow in amplitude as they are swept along by the flow, while absolute instabilities are disturbances that grow at a fixed spatial location. Liquid jets are nearly always convectively unstable. Here we show that two-phase jets can breakup due to an absolute instability that depends on the capillary number of the outer liquid, provided the Weber number of the inner liquid is >O(1). We verify our experimental observations with a linear stability analysis.
Overexpression of Stromal Cell–Derived Factor 1 and Its Receptor CXCR4 Induces Autocrine/Paracrine Cell Proliferation in Human Pituitary Adenomas (2008)

CXCR4 and SDF1 are overexpressed in human pituitary adenomas and CXCR4 activation may contribute to pituitary cell proliferation and, possibly, to adenoma development in humans.
A Color-Matching Technique for Monitoring Tar/Nicotine Yields to Smokers (1982)

We describe a technique that enables individuals to detect the number of puffs taken on a filter cigarette by comparing the "color" of the spent filter to a color scale that simulates the appearance of filters exposed to low-, standard-, or high-yield smoking-machine regimens. Average ratings of filters by 11 subjects correlated almost perfectly with the number of standard puffs to which the filters had been exposed. (Am J Public Health 1982; 72:597-599.)
Modulation of glomerular structure and function in murine lupus nephritis by methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide. (1994)

The effects of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide were examined in a murine model of lupus nephritis (MRL-1pr/1pr). Animals were assigned to four groups at 12 weeks of age. Mice in the control group received intraperitoneal saline solution either daily or weekly. Animals in the low-dose methylprednisolone (MPLD) group received 6 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal methylprednisolone; those in the high-dose methylprednisolone (MPHD) group received 12 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal methylprednisolone. Animals in the cyclophosphamide group received 50 mg/kg/wk intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide. Animals surviving to 24 weeks were examined. MPHD and cyclophosphamide treatments were associated with maintenance of normal glomerular filtration rates and the development of only minimal proteinuria. However, detailed morphometric evaluation of the glomerulus revealed glomerular enlargement and mesangial matrix expansion in both groups. Unlike MPHD-treated mice, cyclophosphamide-treated animals demonstrated a marked reduction in the number of osmophilic dense deposits along the glomerular capillary walls. MPLD had little effect on function, despite significant reductions in cell proliferation and anti-double-strand DNA antibodies. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were dramatically increased in plasma of control animals. Treatment with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide dramatically reduced TNF-alpha but not IL-6. Treatment also reduced renal IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and transforming growth factor-beta mRNA levels compared with untreated mice. Despite minimal serologic activity and preservation of renal function, neither cyclophosphamide nor methylprednisolone was able to completely suppress disease activity, as measured by increased cytokine production and glomerular structural injury. The inability of treatment to reduce IL-6 levels may explain the resistance to treatment in this model.
The Thromboxane Receptor Antagonist S18886 but Not Aspirin Inhibits Atherogenesis in Apo E–Deficient Mice (2000)

Abstract —Atherosclerosis involves a complex array of factors, including leukocyte adhesion and platelet vasoactive factors. Aspirin, which is used to prevent secondary complications of atherosclerosis, inhibits platelet production of thromboxane (Tx) A 2 . The actions of TxA 2 as well as of other arachidonic acid products, such as prostaglandin (PG) H 2 , PGF 2α , hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, and isoprostanes, can be effectively antagonized by blocking thromboxane (TP) receptors. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of platelet-derived TxA 2 in atherosclerotic lesion development by comparing the effects of aspirin and the TP receptor antagonist S18886. The effect of 11 weeks of treatment with aspirin (30 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) or S18886 (5 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) on aortic root atherosclerotic lesions, serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and the TxA 2 metabolite TxB 2 was determined in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice at 21 weeks of age. Both treatments did not affect body or heart weight or serum cholesterol levels. Aspirin, to a greater extent than S18886, significantly decreased serum TxB 2 levels, indicating the greater efficacy of aspirin in preventing platelet synthesis of TxA 2 . S18886, but not aspirin, significantly decreased aortic root lesions as well as serum ICAM-1 levels. S18886 also prevented the increased expression of ICAM-1 in cultured human endothelial cells stimulated by the TP receptor agonist U46619. These results indicate that inhibition of platelet TxA 2 synthesis with aspirin has no significant effect on atherogenesis or adhesion molecule levels. The effects of S18886 suggest that blockade of TP receptors inhibits atherosclerosis by a mechanism independent of platelet-derived TxA 2 , perhaps by preventing the expression of adhesion molecules whose expression is stimulated by eicosanoids other than TxA 2 .
A 0.34-THz varactor-less scalable standing wave radiator array with 5.9% tuning range in 130nm BiCMOS (2016)

A 1×4 scalable mm-wave power generation and radiation array is designed using a standing wave harmonic oscillator architecture. A varactor-less scheme has been used to improve the tuning range above 300 GHz. The circuit with on chip patch antennas is implemented in a 130nm SiGe process with 215 GHz of fmax and is measured to provide 5.9% tuning range, -10.5 dBm total radiated power and 1.2 dBm EIRP at 342 GHz while consuming 425 mW DC power from 1.8 V supply voltage.
Sequential action of two-component genetic switches regulates the PHO regulon in Bacillus subtilis (1994)

Bacillus subtilis has an alkaline phosphatase (APase) gene family composed of at least four genes. All members of this gene family are expressed postexponentially, either in response to phosphate starvation or sporulation induction or, in some cases, in response to both. The phoA gene (formerly called phoAIV) and the phoB gene (formerly called phoAIII) products have both been isolated from phosphate-starved cells, and a mutation in either gene decreased the total APase expressed under phosphate starvation conditions. Data presented here show that a phoA phoB double mutant reduced APase production during phosphate starvation by 98%, indicating that these two genes are responsible for most of the APase activity during phosphate-limited growth. The promoter for phoA was cloned and used, with the phoB promoter, to examine phosphate regulation in B. subtilis. phoA-lacZ reporter gene assays showed that the expression of the phoA gene commences as the culture enters stationary phase as a result of limiting phosphate concentrations in the growth medium, thereby mimicking the pattern of total APase expression. Induction persists for approximately 2 h and is then turned off. phoA is transcribed from a single promoter which initiates transcription 19 bp before the translation initiation codon. PhoP and PhoR are members of the two-component signal transduction system believed to regulate gene expression in response to limiting phosphate. The expression of phoA or phoB in response to phosphate starvation was equally dependent on PhoP and PhoR for induction. lacZ-promoter fusions showed that both phoA and phoB were hyperinduced, or failed to turn off induction after 2 h, in a spo0A strain of B. subtilis. Mutations in genes which are required for phosphorylation of Spo0A, spo0B and spo0F, also resulted in phoA and phoB hyperinduction, suggesting that phosphorylation of Spo0A is required for the repression of both APases in wild-type strains. The hyperinduction of either APase gene in a spo0A strain was dependent on PhoP and PhoR. Analysis of a phoP-lacZ promoter fusion showed that the phoPR operon is hyperinduced in a spo0A mutant strain, suggesting that Spo0A approximately P represses APases by repressing phoPR transcription. We propose a model for PHO regulation in B. subtilis whereby the phoPR operon is transcribed in response to limiting phosphate concentration, resulting in activation of the PHO regulon transcription, including transcription of phoA and phoB. When the phosphate response fails to overcome the nutrient deficiency, signals for phosphorylation of Spo0A result in production of Spo0A approximately P, which represses transcription of phoPR, thereby repressing synthesis of the PHO regulon.
Large Scale Production of Hepatitis A Virus in Cell Culture: Effect of Type of Infection on Virus Yield and Cell Integrity (1988)

Approaches to cell culture propagation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) have used either acute infection by passage of infected cell lysates or supernatants into uninfected cells or the passage of persistently infected cells. The findings presented here demonstrate that the growth and recovery of purified virus from foetal rhesus monkey kidney (FRhK4) cells persistently infected with HAV isolate HAS-15 decreased over a 2 to 3 month period. In contrast, high multiplicity acute infection of FRhK4 cells with purified HAS-15 HAV resulted in degeneration of the cell monolayer 2 to 3 weeks later. Large scale propagation of acutely infected cells followed by traditional picornavirus purification procedures reproducibly yielded milligram amounts of purified virus.
The Challenge of Non-Technical Loss Detection Using Artificial Intelligence: A Survey (2017)

Detection of non-technical losses (NTL) which include electricity theft, faulty meters or billing errors has attracted increasing attention from researchers in electrical engineering and computer science. NTLs cause significant harm to the economy, as in some countries they may range up to 40% of the total electricity distributed. The predominant research direction is employing artificial intelligence to predict whether a customer causes NTL. This paper first provides an overview of how NTLs are defined and their impact on economies, which include loss of revenue and profit of electricity providers and decrease of the stability and reliability of electrical power grids. It then surveys the state-of-the-art research efforts in a up-to-date and comprehensive review of algorithms, features and data sets used. It finally identifies the key scientific and engineering challenges in NTL detection and suggests how they could be addressed in the future.
Dextromethorphan for treatment Of complex partial seizures (1990)

We performed a double-blind, crossover, add-on study of the antitussive agent dextromethorphan (DM 120 mg/d) as therapy for seizures on 9 patients suffering from severe complex partial seizures. DM had no significant influence on key laboratory values, nor on anticonvulsant drug levels. Side effects were negligible. Complex partial seizure frequency increased 25% during the DM arm of the study, although this increase was not clinically significant.
Reinforced Electrode Architecture for a Flexible Battery with Paperlike Characteristics (2013)

Abstract Compliant energy storage has not kept pace with flexible electronics. Herein we demonstrate a technique to reinforce arbitrary battery electrodes by supporting them with mechanically tough, low‐cost fibrous membranes, which also serve as the separator. The membranes were laminated to form a full cell, and this stacked membrane reinforcement bears the loads during flexing. This technique was used to make a high energy density, nontoxic Zn–MnO 2 battery with printed current collectors. The Zn and MnO 2 electrodes were prepared by using a solution‐based embedding process. The cell had a nominal potential of 1.5 V and an effective capacity of approximately 3 mA h cm −2 . We investigated the effect of bending and fatigue on the electrochemical performance and mechanical integrity of the battery. The battery was able to maintain its capacity even after 1000 flex cycles to a bend radius of 2.54 cm. The battery showed an improvement in discharge capacity (ca. 10 %) if the MnO 2 electrode was flexed to tension as a result of the improvement of particle‐to‐particle contact. In a demonstration, the flexible battery was used to power a light‐emitting diode display integrated with a strain sensor and microcontroller.
Preserving the Scholarly Side of the Web (2006)

This paper presents results of a case study that addresses many issues surrounding the difficult task of preservation in a digital library. We focus on a subset of these issues as they apply to the preservation of scholarly articles encoded in Web standards. We also describe the two common preservation mechanisms, emulation and migration, as well as our selection of the latter for our particular case. Finally, we compare two approaches to migration, automatic and manual, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses in our context. We show that consistent use of open standards leads to more efficient migration processes and issue a "call to arms" to the digital preservation community to ensure that scholarly material on the Web can be preserved for future generations
Phase and amplitude control of a multimode LMA fiber beam by use of digital holography (2009)

Amplitude and phase control of the output beam of a multimode LMA fiber supporting 4 modes is demonstrated by digital holography in both continuous and ns pulsed regimes at 1064 nm. Our system allows dynamic compensation of beam pointing instabilities, external perturbations introducing low order aberrations and fluctuations of the relative phase of the modes supported by the fiber.
Different forms of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 detected in serum and seminal plasma by immunofluorometric assay with monoclonal antibodies (1994)

Monoclonal antibodies against recombinant insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were produced to study the various forms of IGFBP-3 and to develop a specific immunofluorometric assay. We tested seven antibodies that showed no cross-reactions with the other five human IGFBPs. By immunoblotting, the main bands in normal serum were seen at > 90, 45, 41, 29, and 25 kDa. In pregnancy serum, the 29-kDa was stronger, and the double band at 41-45 kDa was weaker or totally absent. We characterized two immunofluorometric assays. IGF-I had no effect on either assay. Added IGF-II lowered the amount of recombinant IGFBP-3 measured by the 5C11/7F8 assay, but not by the 1B6/5C11 assay. In normal serum and follicular fluid, IGFBP-3 measurements were lower by the 5C11/7F8 assay, but in most pregnancy sera and amniotic fluids the assays gave similar results. The 5C11/7F8 assay also detected IGFBP-3 in seminal plasma, whereas the 1B6/5C11 assay did not. We conclude that the results of IGFBP-3 measurement depend on the antibodies used, and that different antibodies are suitable for the IGFBP-3 measurement in different body fluids.
Optimization of nested SQL queries revisited (1987)

Current methods of evaluating nested queries in the SQL language can be inefficient in a variety of query and data base contexts. Previous research in the area of nested query optimization which sought methods of reducing evaluation costs is summarized, including a classification scheme for nested queries, algorithms designed to transform each type of query to a logically equivalent form which may then be evaluated more efficiently, and a description of a major bug in one of these algorithms. Further examination reveals another bug in the same algorithm. Solutions to these bugs are proposed and incorporated into a new transformation algorithm, and extensions are proposed which will allow the transformation algorithms to handle a larger class of predicates. A recursive algorithm for processing a general nested query is presented and the action of this algorithm is demonstrated. This algorithm can be used to transform any nested query.
Gaining a Foothold - Monash in Italy (2006)

The first Director of Monash's Centre in Prato, Bill Kent, recalls the setbacks and successes along the way to its foundation from the time of the decision made by the Department of History at Monash in mid-1997 to the launch of Monash European Studies Centre in Italy (MESCI). Every faculty of Monash has made use of the centre, for undergraduate teaching conferences or research.
Absolute and Relative Pose Estimation of a Multi-View Camera System using 2D-3D Line Pairs and Vertical Direction (2018)

We propose a new algorithm for estimating the absolute and relative pose of a multi-view camera system. The algorithm relies on two solvers: a direct solver using a minimal set of 6 line pairs and a least squares solver which uses all inlier 2D-3D line pairs. The algorithm have been validated on a large synthetic dataset, experimental results confirm the stable and real-time performance under realistic noise on the line parameters as well as on the vertical direction. Furthermore, the algorithm performs well on real data with less then half degree rotation error and less than 25 cm translation error.
On Anomalies in Annotation Systems (2007)

Today's computer-based annotation systems implement a wide range of functionalities that often go beyond those available in traditional paper-and- pencil annotations. Conceptually, annotation systems are based on thoroughly investigated psycho-sociological and pedagogical learning theories. They offer a huge diversity of annotation types that can be placed in textual as well as in multimedia format. Additionally, annotations can be published or shared with a group of interested parties via well-organized repositories. Although highly sophisticated annotation systems exist both conceptually as well as technologically, we still observe that their acceptance is somewhat limited. In this paper, we argue that nowadays annotation systems suffer from several fundamental problems that are inherent in the traditional paper-and-pencil annotation paradigm. As a solution, we propose to shift the annotation paradigm for the implementation of annotation system.
Staircase Currents in Motoneurons: Insight into the Spatial Arrangement of Calcium Channels in the Dendritic Tree (2009)

In spinal motoneurons, activation of dendritically located depolarizing conductances can lead to amplification of synaptic inputs and the production of plateau potentials. Immunohistochemical and computational studies have implicated dendritic CaV1.3 channels in this amplification and suggest that CaV1.3 channels in spinal motoneurons may be organized in clusters in the dendritic tree. Our goal was to provide physiological evidence for the presence of multiple discrete clusters of voltage-gated calcium channels in spinal motoneurons and to explore the spatial arrangement of these clusters in the dendritic tree. We recorded voltage-gated calcium currents from spinal motoneurons in slices of mature mouse spinal cords. We demonstrate that single somatic voltage-clamp steps can elicit multiple inward currents with varying delays to onset, resulting in a current with a "staircase"-like appearance. Recordings from cultured dorsal root ganglion cells at different stages of neurite development provide evidence that these currents arise from the unclamped portions of the dendritic tree. Finally, both voltage- and current-clamp data were used to constrain computer models of a motoneuron. The resultant simulations impose two conditions on the spatial distribution of CaV channels in motoneuron dendrites: one of asymmetry relative to the soma and another of spatial separation between clusters of CaV channels. We propose that this compartmentalization would provide motoneurons with the ability to process multiple sources of input in parallel and integrate this processed information to produce appropriate trains of action potentials for the intended motor behavior.
Selective LED Flicker Detection and Mitigation Algorithm for Non-HDR Video Sequences (2018)

With the rise of pulse-width modulated LED light sources in car headlights and peripheral illumination, in-vehicle cameras for traffic sign recognition and electronic mirror replacement face new issues with flicker artifacts due to misaligned irradiation and imager integration times. In this paper, we propose a novel post-processing algorithm based on three consecutive frames, being able to detect and filter those artifacts without the need for high-dynamic range imaging. The local reconstruction of the original light intensity is based on a local flicker detection mask and multiple candidate pixels, generated from bidirectional motion estimation to adjacent frames.