gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Sensor Image Compression from the End-User's Perspective (2006)

Single-sensor imaging pipelines comprised of various image compression and demosaicking solutions are presented. Since the end-user usually inspects captured images available in the decompressed/demosaicked format, three basic configurations which perform compression in the demosaicked domain or the full-color filter array domain are tested and evaluated in terms of visual quality of the final decoded full-color image. Performance comparisons are provided with respect to the order of the processing steps and the choice of the coding and demosaicking solutions and compression ratios
Delta rule-based neural networks for inverse kinematics: error gradient reconstruction replaces the teacher (1990)

Control tasks which feed back a scalar error signal (critic) to a controlling neural network form a more general class than those which provide a teacher that is ordinarily required by delta-rule-based networks like backpropagation or CMAC networks. The author introduces an interface that builds teacher vectors from critic values by reconstruction of the gradient of the critic function. Backpropagation networks have been trained by this method to learn the inverse kinematics of simulated planar manipulators. Different strategies for efficient sampling of critic values with respect to restrictions imposed by a real robot arm are proposed, and simulation results are reported
Heteropolyacid salts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium as highly efficient and reusable catalysts for Prins reactions of styrenes with formalin (2011)

New organic heteropolyacid (HPA) salts prepared by exchanging counter protons of Keggin HPAs with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium proved to be highly efficient, conveniently recoverable, and steadily reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the organic solvent-free Prins reactions of styrenes with formalin.
Sexual activity increases plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin octapeptide and offsets hunger in male rats (1987)

Male rats deprived of food for 48 h ignored food pellets immediately after ejaculating with a sexually receptive female rat as did males tested 5 min after i.p. injection of 5 micrograms cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) or males which had consumed food pellets for 1 h. The concentration of CCK-8 in plasma was increased to comparable levels (10.1 +/- 3.8 (S.E.M.); 11.3 +/- 3.7 and 7.2 +/- 0.5 pmol/l respectively, compared with 1.2 +/- 0.3 pmol/l for NaCl-injected controls) under each of these conditions, whereas the concentration of gastrin increased only after food consumption (18.4 +/- 3.8; 17.7 +/- 5.4 and 54.3 +/- 7.0 pmol/l respectively, compared with 21.5 +/- 2.1 pmol/l for NaCl-injected controls). The effect of ejaculation on the latency to starting to eat was partially reversed by i.p. injection of 50 mg of the CCK-8 antagonist proglumide, but neither treatment with proglumide or CCK-8 nor consumption of food affected the display of sexual behaviour. The results support the suggestion that CCK-8 is a 'satiety peptide' in the rat.
Investigating Rumor Propagation with TwitterTrails (2014)

Social media have become part of modern news reporting, used by journalists to spread information and find sources, or as a news source by individuals. The quest for prominence and recognition on social media sites like Twitter can sometimes eclipse accuracy and lead to the spread of false information. As a way to study and react to this trend, we introduce {\sc TwitterTrails}, an interactive, web-based tool ({\tt twittertrails.com}) that allows users to investigate the origin and propagation characteristics of a rumor and its refutation, if any, on Twitter. Visualizations of burst activity, propagation timeline, retweet and co-retweeted networks help its users trace the spread of a story. Within minutes {\sc TwitterTrails} will collect relevant tweets and automatically answer several important questions regarding a rumor: its originator, burst characteristics, propagators and main actors according to the audience. In addition, it will compute and report the rumor's level of visibility and, as an example of the power of crowdsourcing, the audience's skepticism towards it which correlates with the rumor's credibility. We envision {\sc TwitterTrails} as valuable tool for individual use, but we especially for amateur and professional journalists investigating recent and breaking stories. Further, its expanding collection of investigated rumors can be used to answer questions regarding the amount and success of misinformation on Twitter.
Modeling sound generation in stenosed coronary arteries (1990)

Acoustic measurements obtained from sensitive microphones placed on the chest are being used in a procedure to noninvasively diagnose coronary artery disease. Utilizing specially developed signal processing techniques, the spectral content of isolated diastolic heart sounds has been estimated and usually shows an increase in high-frequency components in patients with occlusive coronary arteries. In order to establish a theory for the origin of these spectral features, a sound source model has been developed which combines an incremental network model of the left coronary artery tree with a transfer function model describing arterial chamber resonant characteristics. The network model predicts flow in both normal and stenosed coronary arteries. From this flow information, the arterial chamber transfer function model predicts the development of acoustic signals from the chamber resonant characteristics. The transfer function of a segment of coronary artery demonstrates two resonance frequencies. These resonance frequencies depend upon the length and diameter of the chamber segment, as well as upon the distal hydraulic impedance loading the segment. The lower resonance frequency can be excited by the usual flow fluctuations (low frequency) in the coronary artery. In cases of stenosis, the wideband spectral characteristics of the turbulence produced by the stenosis excites both the low and high resonance frequencies. In a small sample of patients, the spectra obtained from isolated diastolic acoustic signals recorded by a chest microphone agree well with those predicted by this theory.
Four Symposia on Folklore. Held at the Midcentury International Folklore Conference, Indiana University, July 21st-August 4th, 1950. Edited by Stith Thompson. (Indiana University Publications, Folklore Series No. 8, 1953.) (1954)

Four Symposia on Folklore. Held at the Midcentury International Folklore Conference, Indiana University, July 21st-August 4th, 1950. Edited by Stith Thompson. (Indiana University Publications, Folklore Series No. 8, 1953.) - Volume 6
Application of formal description techniques to the specification of distributed test systems (2003)

As part of a planned transition by the US Department of Defense (DoD) from military standard to open systems interconnection (OSI) protocols, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) is implementing and testing two application-layer gateways. NBS is applying description techniques developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the Consultative Committee for International Telephone and Telegraph (CCITT) to the specification of distributed test systems for the gateways between OSI and DoD networks. Translators developed at NBS for Estelle and ASN.1 aid in automating the implementation of the test systems. An overview of the test system for an electronic mail gateway and the methods used to realize it are presented. Measures of productivity of the methods used are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical switching at 1.55 <i>μ</i>m in silicon racetrack resonators using phase change materials (2013)

An optical switch operating at a wavelength of 1.55 μm and showing a 12 dB modulation depth is introduced. The device is implemented in a silicon racetrack resonator using an overcladding layer of the phase change data storage material Ge2Sb2Te5, which exhibits high contrast in its optical properties upon transitions between its crystalline and amorphous structural phases. These transitions are triggered using a pulsed laser diode at λ = 975 nm and used to tune the resonant frequency of the resonator and the resultant modulation depth of the 1.55 μm transmitted light.
Summary Abstract: Reactively sputtered TiN, ZrN, and HfN (1985)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W. D. Sproul; Summary Abstract: Reactively sputtered TiN, ZrN, and HfN. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 1 May 1985; 3 (3): 580–581. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.572998 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Principle of a linear phase retrieval method and its application in adaptive optics system (2008)

The basic principle of the linear phase retrieval (LPR) method is introduced. It is found that in small phase condition, the odd and even parts of phase aberration can be obtained uniquely with a simple linear calculation method. The difference between a single measured image with aberration and the calibrated image with inherent aberration are used to retrieve aberration phases. In this paper, the principle of LPR and its application in close-loop AO system are introduced in vector-matrix format, which is a kind of linear calculation and is suitable for real-time calculation. Although the LPR method is limited for small aberrations only, it is suitable to use as a wavefront sensor in close-loop adaptive optical system. The performances of the LPR method are tested in a close-loop adaptive optics system with PZT deformable mirror. The experiment results show that the LPR method can be performed in real time and achieve good capabilities.
Novel Optimization Approach of Stochastic Planning Models (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Optimization Approach of Stochastic Planning ModelsMarianthi G. Ierapetritou and Efstratios N. PistikopoulosCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 8, 1930–1942Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00032a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00032a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views254Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application of Discontinuous PWMModulation in Active Power Filters (2008)

Classical discontinuous pulsewidth modulations (DPWMs) may not be efficiently applied in active power filters (APFs), because it is hard to predict the peak values of the inverter current, and consequently it is difficult to calculate the position of the clamped interval, that minimizes the switching losses in any operating point. This paper proposes a new DPWM strategy applied to shunt APFs. The proposed modulation strategy detects the current vector position relative to the inverter voltage reference and determines instantaneously the optimum clamped duration on each phase. It achieves a clamped voltage pattern, with variable lengths depending on the magnitude of the inverter current. This property adaptively reduces the current stress and minimizes the inverter switching losses, regardless of its application. The proposed modulation strategy is described, analyzed and validated on a three-phase voltage source inverter, rated at 7 kVA 400 V, controlled as an APF.
Unsupervised Spike Sorting for Large-Scale, High-Density Multielectrode Arrays (2017)

We present a method for automated spike sorting for recordings with high-density, large-scale multielectrode arrays. Exploiting the dense sampling of single neurons by multiple electrodes, an efficient, low-dimensional representation of detected spikes consisting of estimated spatial spike locations and dominant spike shape features is exploited for fast and reliable clustering into single units. Millions of events can be sorted in minutes, and the method is parallelized and scales better than quadratically with the number of detected spikes. Performance is demonstrated using recordings with a 4,096-channel array and validated using anatomical imaging, optogenetic stimulation, and model-based quality control. A comparison with semi-automated, shape-based spike sorting exposes significant limitations of conventional methods. Our approach demonstrates that it is feasible to reliably isolate the activity of up to thousands of neurons and that dense, multi-channel probes substantially aid reliable spike sorting.
[Valsalva leak point-pressure (LPP) and maximal urethral closure pressure (MUCP) in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI)]. (1997)

One-hundred and twenty-two women with USI have been evaluated with clinical examination and urodynamics and divided in two groups: only in 74 patients with urinary loss during the Valsalva manoeuvre, LPP was compared to MUCP by linear regression analysis and its ability (cut-off = 60 cmH2O) to predict a MUCP < or = 20 cmH2O was tested. Weak correlations were observed between MUCP and LPP (r = 0.56). Fifty-two patients presented a LPP < or = 60 cmH2O, in 6 of them MUCP was < or = 20 cmH2O; none with LPP > 60 cmH2O showed a MUCP < or = 20 cmH2O. Median MUCP and intravesical pressures at the instant of leakage of patients with LPP < or = 60 cmH2O were significantly different from those of patients with LPP > 60 cmH2O (p < 0.01). The specificity and positive predictive value of LPP < or = 60 cmH2O for the detection of a "low pressure urethra" were respectively 32% and 11.5%, while sensibility and negative predictive value were 100%. LPP can not be regarded as a specific test for urethral sphincteric deficits. For its sensibility, it can be an useful screening tool for patients at high risk of type III urinary incontinence.
Remarks on the Use of Salicylic Acid, in Combination with Opium and Aconite, for the Treatment of Acute Rheumatism (1878)

SALICYLIC acid is our newest remedy for acute rheumatism; opium is a very old remedy for the disease; aconite may, perhaps, be allowed a
Dark Silicon and the End of Multicore Scaling (2012)

A key question for the microprocessor research and design community is whether scaling multicores will provide the performance and value needed to scale down many more technology generations. To provide a quantitative answer to this question, a comprehensive study that projects the speedup potential of future multicores and examines the underutilization of integration capacity—dark silicon—is timely and crucial.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty after cardiac transplantation. (1989)

This report describes the 1st use of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in a posttransplant patient at the Texas Heart Institute. The patient, a 44-year-old man, experienced 3 episodes of moderate allograft rejection, hypercholesterolemia, transient severe hyperglycemia, and transient severe renal insufficiency in the posttransplant period. His cholesterol levels became elevated immediately and remained between 200 and 250 mg/dL, despite treatment with gemfibrozil. He had increasing lower-extremity claudication that was treated with bilateral femoral-popliteal bypass grafting. At 5-year follow-up, a discrete 75% stenosis was found in the right coronary artery. He was treated successfully with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on 20 February 1989 and was able to return to work thereafter.
Automated Retinal Layer Segmentation Using Graph-based Algorithm Incorporating Deep-learning-derived Information (2020)

Regular drusen, an accumulation of material below the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), have long been established as a hallmark early feature of nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Advances in imaging have expanded the phenotype of AMD to include another extracellular deposit, reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) (also termed subretinal drusenoid deposits, SDD), which are located above the RPE. We developed an approach to automatically segment retinal layers associated with regular drusen and RPD in spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. More specifically, a shortest-path algorithm enhanced with probability maps generated through a fully convolutional neural network was used to segment drusen and RPD, as well as 11 retinal layers in SD-OCT volumes. This algorithm achieves a mean difference that is within the subpixel accuracy range drusen and RPD, alongside the other 11 retinal layers, highlighting the high robustness of this algorithm for this dataset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a validated algorithm for the automated segmentation of the retinal layers including early AMD features of RPD and regular drusen separately on SD-OCT images.
Thesaurus-aided search (2003)

Among emerging technologies, the Internet is the most prominent. Internet is usually considered the democratizing medium of shared knowledge because its decentralized structure allows anyone to publish and search for any type of information, Nevertheless, many advocates of the Internet often confuse access to information with access to relevant information, We all agree the Internet provides the ideal platform for global access to information, but important issues must be addressed for the Internet to achieve its full potential as a tool for global access, As Brian Pinkerton states, The World Wide Web is decentralized, dynamic and diverse; navigation is difficult and finding information can be a challenge (Pinkerton, 1994); And yet there are few tools to integrate and organize related and relevant information from different sources.
New Insights into the Structural and Dynamical Features of Lithium Hexaoxometalates Li<sub>7</sub>MO<sub>6</sub> (M = Nb, Ta, Sb, Bi) (2004)

We present a (re)investigation of the hexaoxometalates Li8MO6 (M = Sn, Pb, Zr, Hf) and Li7MO6 (M = Nb, Ta, Sb, Bi). Lithium motion and ionic conductivity in the hexaoxometalates were studied using impedance spectroscopy (for Li7MO6, M = Sb, Bi, Ta) and 6Li and 7Li solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (for Li7TaO6). The NMR data indicate a considerable exchange of Li among the tetrahedral and octahedral voids even at ambient temperature. In an investigation of the crystal structures using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction techniques, the structures of Li7TaO6, Li7NbO6, and Li7SbO6 could be solved and refined. All three reveal a triclinic metric (Li7SbO6, triclinic, P1̄, a = 5.38503(6) Å, b = 5.89164(7) Å, c = 5.43074(6) Å, α = 117.2210(6)°, β = 119.6311(6)°, γ = 63.2520(7)°, V = 127.454(3) Å3, Z = 1; Li7NbO6, triclinic, P1̄, a = 5.37932(9) Å, b = 5.91942(11) Å, c = 5.37922(9) Å, α = 117.0033(9)°, β = 119.6023(7)°, γ = 63.2570(9)°, V = 126.938(4) Å3, Z = 1; Li7TaO6, triclinic, P1̄, a = 5.38486(2) Å, b = 5.92014(3) Å, c = 5.38551(2) Å, α = 117.0108(2)°, β = 119.6132(2)°, γ = 63.2492(2)°, V = 127.208(1) Å3, Z = 1.
Symmetric multiprocessing in Solaris 2.0 (2003)

SunOS 5.0 is the operating system component of the Solaris 2.0 environment. SunOS 5.0 is a dynamically loaded, fully preemptable, real-time, symmetric multiprocessing kernel that supports multiple threads of control within a single application process. The kernel not only runs equally on all processors within a tightly coupled shared memory multiprocessor, but also it has sufficient locking so that kernel processing can efficiently utilize multiple processors. The authors describe the overall architecture of the SunOS 5.0 kernel and the locking strategy of several major kernal subsystems to illustrate the concurrency available.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
KGB foreign intelligence from Brezhnev to the coup (1993)

(1993). KGB foreign intelligence from Brezhnev to the coup. Intelligence and National Security: Vol. 8, Espionage: Past, Present, Future?, pp. 52-67.
Colour gamuts in polychromatic dielectric elastomer artificial chromatophores (2014)

Chromatophores are the colour changing organelles in the skins of animals including fish and cephalopods. The ability of cephalopods in particular to rapidly change their colouration in response to environmental changes, for example to camouflage against a new background, and in social situations, for example to attract a mate or repel a rival, is extremely attractive for engineering, medical, active clothing and biomimetic robotic applications. The rapid response of these chromatophores is possible by the direct coupling of fast acting muscle and pigmented saccules. In artificial chromatophores we are able to mimic this structure using electroactive polymer artificial muscles. In contrast to prior research which has demonstrated monochromatic artificial chromatophores, here we consider a novel multi-colour, multi-layer, artificial chromatophore structure inspired by the complex dermal chromatophore unit in nature and which exploits dielectric elastomer artificial muscles as the electroactive actuation mechanism. We investigate the optical properties of this chromatophore unit and explore the range of colours and effects that a single unit and a matrix of chromatophores can produce. The colour gamut of the multi-colour chromatophore is analysed and shows its suitability for practical display and camouflage applications. It is demonstrated how, by varying actuator strain and chromatophore base colour, the gamut can be shifted through colour space, thereby tuning the artificial chromatophore to a specific environment or application.
Random lasing in human tissues (2004)

A random collection of scatterers in a gain medium can produce coherent laser emission lines dubbed “random lasing.” We show that biological tissues, including human tissues, can support coherent random lasing when infiltrated with a concentrated laser dye solution. To extract a typical random resonator size within the tissue we average the power Fourier transform of random laser spectra collected from many excitation locations in the tissue; we verified this procedure by a computer simulation. Surprisingly, we found that malignant tissues show many more laser lines compared to healthy tissues taken from the same organ. Consequently, the obtained typical random resonator was found to be different for healthy and cancerous tissues, and this may lead to a technique for separating malignant from healthy tissues for diagnostic imaging.