gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Classifying Relations via Long Short Term Memory Networks along Shortest Dependency Path (2015)

Relation classification is an important research arena in the field of natural language processing (NLP). In this paper, we present SDP-LSTM, a novel neural network to classify the relation of two entities in a sentence. Our neural architecture leverages the shortest dependency path (SDP) between two entities; multichannel recurrent neural networks, with long short term memory (LSTM) units, pick up heterogeneous information along the SDP. Our proposed model has several distinct features: (1) The shortest dependency paths retain most relevant information (to relation classification), while eliminating irrelevant words in the sentence. (2) The multichannel LSTM networks allow effective information integration from heterogeneous sources over the dependency paths. (3) A customized dropout strategy regularizes the neural network to alleviate overfitting. We test our model on the SemEval 2010 relation classification task, and achieve an $F_1$-score of 83.7\%, higher than competing methods in the literature.
RTP Payload Format for ITU-T Recommendation G.722.1 (2009)

International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) Recommendation G.722.1 is a wide-band audio codec.This document describes the payload format for including G.722.1-generated bit streams within an RTP packet.The document also describes the syntax and semantics of the Session Description Protocol (SDP) parameters needed to support G.722.1 audio codec.
Chemiluminescence and the reaction of molecular fluorine with silicon (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemiluminescence and the reaction of molecular fluorine with siliconJ. A. Mucha, V. M. Donnelly, D. L. Flamm, and L. M. WebbCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 23, 3529–3532Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150623a032https://doi.org/10.1021/j150623a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Water turbulence disrupts accuracy of some flow meters (1998)

Flow meters were tested under a variety of conditions to determine potential errors in flow rate measurements due to excessive turbulence in the water. Results showed that propeller meters, the Hall meter and the Collins meter were not particularly sensitive to turbulence caused by elbows, while paddle-wheel meters and velocity gauges were sensitive to turbulence. Relatively large errors occurred for all meters under turbulence caused by a partially closed butterfly valve. Inserting six straightening vanes greatly reduced the error caused by partially closed valves.
Automated extraction of family history information from clinical notes. (2014)

Despite increased functionality for obtaining family history in a structured format within electronic health record systems, clinical notes often still contain this information. We developed and evaluated an Unstructured Information Management Application (UIMA)-based natural language processing (NLP) module for automated extraction of family history information with functionality for identifying statements, observations (e.g., disease or procedure), relative or side of family with attributes (i.e., vital status, age of diagnosis, certainty, and negation), and predication ("indicator phrases"), the latter of which was used to establish relationships between observations and family member. The family history NLP system demonstrated F-scores of 66.9, 92.4, 82.9, 57.3, 97.7, and 61.9 for detection of family history statements, family member identification, observation identification, negation identification, vital status, and overall extraction of the predications between family members and observations, respectively. While the system performed well for detection of family history statements and predication constituents, further work is needed to improve extraction of certainty and temporal modifications.
Direct demonstration of an HLA-DR allotypic determinant on the low molecular weight (beta) subunit using a mouse monoclonal antibody specific for DR3 (1982)

A murine monoclonal antibody directed against a human B cell surface antigen with the characteristics of HLA-DR is described. The antigen detected is tightly linked to HLA and is correlated with the alloantigen HLA-Dw/DR3. Reactivity with a fraction of Dw/DRw6 cells is also observed. The determinant recognized by this antibody has been shown to be present on the smaller molecular weight beta subunit of the HLA-DR antigen.
Design, Synthesis, and Biochemical Evaluation of Phosphonate and Phosphonamidate Analogs of Glutathionylspermidine as Inhibitors of Glutathionylspermidine Synthetase/Amidase from<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1997)

Three phosphapeptides designed to mimic two distinct tetrahedral intermediates formed during either the synthesis or hydrolysis of glutathionylspermidine (Gsp) were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of the bifunctional enzyme Gsp synthetase/amidase. While the polyamine-containing phosphapeptides were determined to be potent and selective inhibitors, they selectively inhibit the synthetase activity over the amidase domain. A phosphonate-containing tetrahedral mimic is a reversible mixed-type inhibitor of Gsp synthetase with an inhibition constant of 6 microM for the inhibitor binding to the free enzyme (Ki) and 14 microM for the inhibitor binding to the enzyme-substrate complex (Ki'). The corresponding phosphonamidate is a slow-binding inhibitor with a Ki of 24 microM and a Ki* (isomerization inhibition constant) of 0.88 microM. A non-polyamine-containing phosphonamidate exhibits no significant inhibition of the synthetase or amidase activity.
A Genetic Algorithm for Target Tracking in FLIR Video Sequences Using Intensity Variation Function (2009)

Automatic target tracking in forward-looking infrared (FLIR) imagery is a challenging research area in computer vision. This task could be even more critical when real-time requirements have to be taken into account. In this context, techniques exploiting the target intensity profile generated by an intensity variation function (IVF) proved to be capable of providing significant results. However, one of their main limitations is represented by the associated computational cost. In this paper, an alternative approach based on genetic algorithms (GAs) is proposed. GAs are search methods based on evolutionary computations, which exploit operators inspired by genetic variation and natural selection rules. They have been proven to be theoretically and empirically robust in complex space searches by their founder, J. H. Holland. Contrary to most optimization techniques, whose goal is to improve performances toward the optimum, GAs aim at finding near-optimal solutions by performing parallel searches in the solution space. In this paper, an optimized target search strategy relying on GAs and exploiting an evolutionary approach for the computation of the IVF is presented. The proposed methodology was validated on several data sets, and it was compared against the original IVF implementation by Bal and Alam. Experimental results showed that the proposed approach is capable of significantly improving performances by dramatically reducing algorithm processing time.
Aging of the human lens: changes in lens shape at zero-diopter accommodation (2001)

Scheimpflug photographs of the zero-diopter-accommodated anterior segments of 100 human subjects, aged 18 to 70 yr and evenly spaced over this range, were digitized and analyzed to characterize lens and lens nucleus shape as a function of age by the Hough transform and other image analysis methods. Anterior and posterior lens surface curves exhibit a decrease in radius of curvature with increasing age, in qualitative but not quantitative agreement with the earlier observations of Brown [Exp. Eye Res. 19, 175 (1974)]. In contrast, the shape of the lens nuclear boundaries changes little with age. Overall lens volume at zero diopters increases with age, but the volume of the lens nucleus remains unchanged. The lens center of mass moves anteriorly with increasing age, as does the central clear region of the lens. Although these data sets were found to be more variable than those of Brown, the complementary variability of other factors, such as anterior chamber depth, for each subject leads to a very high statistical correlation between lens shape and lens location relative to the cornea. This supports the finding of previous work that image formation on the retina for a given individual results from the multifactorial balancing of related factors.
Wireless sensor network for structural health monitoring using System-on-Chip with Android smartphone (2013)

Critical structures such as aircrafts, bridges, dams and buildings require periodic inspections to ensure safe operation. Reliable inspection of structures can be achieved by combining ultrasound non-destructive testing techniques with other sensors (for example, temperature sensor and accelerometers). In this study, we show that adapting wireless embedded systems to the task of structural health monitoring improves inspection productivity, increases mobility, and allows the aggregation of critical data to enhance inspection accuracy. To achieve this objective, we developed a customized system based on Reconfigurable Ultrasonic System-on-chip Hardware (RUSH) platform. RUSH collects and analyzes ultrasonic data to detect structural flaws such as cracks, voids, or fatigue. The collected data is then transferred through a Bluetooth transceiver to an Android smartphone referred to as Mobile Sensor Data Collector (MSDC), where the data is instantly displayed and forwarded to a central server for expert review over the Internet.
Neuronal Mapping: A Photooxidation Reaction Makes Lucifer Yellow Useful for Electron Microscopy (1982)

Irradiation Lucifer yellow-filled neurons with intense blue light in the presence of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine produces an electron-opaque osmiophilic polymer within the injected cells. This technique is valuable when cobalt or horseradish peroxidase injections are difficult or when a second intracellular marker is needed to demonstrate neuronal contacts.
A Conceptual Model of DI Diesel Combustion Based on Laser-Sheet Imaging* (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A phenomenological description, or “conceptual model,” of how direct-injection (DI) diesel combustion occurs has been derived from laser-sheet imaging and other recent optical data. To provide background, the most relevant of the recent imaging data of the author and co-workers are presented and discussed, as are the relationships between the various imaging measurements. Where appropriate, other supporting data from the literature is also discussed. Then, this combined information is summarized in a series of idealized schematics that depict the combustion process for a typical, modern-diesel-engine condition. The schematics incorporate virtually all of the information provided by our recent imaging data including: liquid- and vapor-fuel zones, fuel/air mixing, autoignition, reaction zones, and soot distributions. By combining all these elements, the schematics show the evolution of a reacting diesel fuel jet from the start of fuel injection up through the first part of the mixing-controlled burn (<i>i.e.</i> until the end of fuel injection). In addition, for a “developed” reacting diesel fuel jet during the mixing-controlled burn, the schematics explain the sequence of events that occurs as fuel moves from the injector downstream through the mixing, combustion, and emissions-formation processes. The conceptual model depicted in these schematics also gives insight into the most likely mechanisms for soot formation and destruction and NO formation during the portion of the DI diesel combustion event discussed.</div>
High-performance network and channel-based storage (1992)

The technology trends underlying high-performance network-based storage, namely, advances in networks, storage devices, and I/O controller and server architectures, are discussed. The emphasis is on the integration of storage and network services and the challenges of managing the complex storage hierarchy of the future: file caches, online disk storage, nearline data libraries, and offline archives. Several commercial systems and research prototypes that are leading to a new approach to high-performance computing based on network-attached storage are reviewed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vitrification of bovine blastocysts obtained by <i>in vitro</i> culture of oocytes matured and fertilized <i>in vitro</i> (1992)

Two experiments were conducted to assess the viability of bovine blastocysts obtained by in vitro fertilization of oocytes matured in vitro (IVM-IVF) and cryopreserved by vitrification. In Expt 1, the optimal concentrations of glycerol and 1,2-propanediol in the basic medium (modified TCM199) for cooling and warming without formation of ice crystals were determined by plunging the solution into liquid nitrogen and then warming it in a water bath at 15 degrees C; when both glycerol and 1,2-propanediol were present in the solution (> 45% v/v), vitrification of the medium was observed. In Expt 2, IVM-IVF blastocysts were equilibrated to the mixture of glycerol and 1,2-propanediol (0% to 45%) at 15 degrees C in a stepwise manner as follows: (i) in one step, for 18 min to the final vitrification solution; (ii) in two steps, for 8 min in the first step and 10 min in the second step; (iii) in four steps, for 4 min in the first three steps and 6 min in the last step; (iv) in eight steps, for 2 min in each step, but 4 min in the last step; and (v) in 16 steps, for 1 min in each step, but 3 min in the last step. After removal of cryoprotectants, the blastocysts were cultured for 24 h in vitro. The survival rates for the embryos equilibrated in 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 step(s) were 56, 89, 100, 100 and 100%, respectively. The blastocysts equilibrated in 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 steps were vitrified by plunging the straws containing them into liquid N2, thawed and cultured in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Peptide Synthesis with Polymer Bound Active Ester. II. Synthesis of Pyrazolone Resin and Its Application in Acylation Reaction (1991)

Pyrazolone group containing resin was tested as an acyl carrier in solid phase peptide synthesis. Several kinds of dipeptide derivatives were prepared by aminolysis reactions of Boc-amino acid-pyrazolone resin active ester with various carboxyl protected amino acid derivatives. It was found that the rates of aminolysis reactions were largely dependent on the bulkiness of the amino acid side chains, the carboxyl protecting groups, and the swelling property of the resin. All the dipeptide derivatives were obtained in high yield in 20-30 minutes, and the pyrazolone resin could be reused repeatedly in peptide synthesis without any change of its reactivity.
High-gain amplification of directly-modulated, single-frequency, 2-µm source (2013)

We report the first demonstration of a pulsed, mJ-level, 2-µm laser system based on high-gain amplification of directly-modulated, single-frequency, CW sources in a single, bulk Ho:YLF laser amplifier stage operating at up to 42-dB gain.
Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intravitreous Dexamethasone Drug Delivery System in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema (2010)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00035906.
Comparison between animal and human studies of skeletal muscle adaptation to chronic stimulation. (1988)

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has recently emerged as a clinical tool for treatment of neuromuscular disorders. Chronic muscle stimulation, however, has long been used by basic scientists studying the details of the muscular adaptation process. Biochemical, morphological, and functional changes occur in skeletal muscle secondary to chronic stimulation. Chronic stimulation (12-24 hours per day for six weeks) results in a well-defined progression of changes in which a "fast" muscle becomes a typical "slow" muscle with a large decrease in force-generating capacity. On the other hand, clinical studies of FES have demonstrated muscle strengthening following treatment. An attempt is made to reconcile the results obtained in the two fields.
Chemiluminescence response of human natural killer cells. I. The relationship between target cell binding, chemiluminescence, and cytolysis. (1982)

The binding of tumor cells or fetal fibroblasts to human natural killer (NK) cells led to a rapid chemiluminescence response within seconds of target-effector interaction. The degree of chemiluminescence was dependent on the concentration of NK-enriched lymphocytes or target cells, and plasma membrane vesicles from K562 also induced a chemiluminescence response. Mild glutaraldehyde treatment of effector cells abrogated their ability to generate chemiluminescence, whereas K562 target cells treated in the same way were almost fully able to induce a chemiluminescence response to NK-enriched lymphocytes. These results show a directionality of response with NK as the responders and tumor cells as the stimulators. A survey of eight different tumor cell lines and fetal fibroblast lines revealed a striking correlation (r greater than 0.93, P less than 0.001) between the ability of a given line to bind to NK-enriched lymphocytes, induce chemiluminescence, and to be lysed. Three differentiated sublines of K562 grown in butyrate and cloned induced little chemiluminescence compared with the K562 parent, and they were selectively resistant to NK-mediated binding and cytolysis. In addition, treatment of K562 cells with higher concentrations of glutaraldehyde for longer periods led to varying degrees of target antigen preservation, as measured in cold target competition assays and in conjugate formation. The degree of NK target antigen preservation correlated directly with the ability of the cells to induce chemiluminescence (r greater than 0.95). The degree of NK activation was also important because interferon-pretreated effectors generated more chemiluminescence upon stimulation with K562 or MeWo targets. Monocytes or granulocytes did not contribute to the chemiluminescence induced by NK-sensitive targets. Some NK-resistant tumor cell lines were sensitive to monocyte-mediated cytolysis and also induced chemiluminescence in monocytes but not NK cells. These results show that the target structures recognized by the NK cell may play a role in NK activation because the degree of chemiluminescence was directly proportional to the ability of a given target cell line to bind to the NK cell and to be lysed.
PEARL-seq: A Photoaffinity Platform for the Analysis of Small Molecule-RNA Interactions (2020)

RNA is emerging as a valuable target for the development of novel therapeutic agents. The rational design of RNA-targeting small molecules, however, has been hampered by the relative lack of methods for the analysis of small molecule-RNA interactions. Here, we present our efforts to develop such a platform using photoaffinity labeling. This technique, termed <u>P</u>hotoaffinity <u>E</u>v<u>a</u>luation of <u>R</u>NA <u>L</u>igation-<u>Seq</u>uencing (PEARL-seq), enables the rapid identification of small molecule binding locations within their RNA targets and can provide information on ligand selectivity across multiple different RNAs. These data, when supplemented with small molecule SAR data and RNA probing data enable the construction of a computational model of the RNA-ligand structure, thereby enabling the rational design of novel RNA-targeted ligands.
The design of a battery-operated fluorescent lamp (1989)

The author presents the design of a battery-supplied fluorescent lamp for automotive, emergency, or portable light sources. Each fluorescent tube has its own driver circuit that exhibits high efficiency (over 80%), simple design, and low cost. The driver circuit operates at a high frequency (50 kHz) and has an electronic ballast control, symmetrical tube driving, and semiresonance ignition. These operating conditions are optimal, and they provide a long tube life and high illumination.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficient Geo-tracking and Adaptive Routing of Mobile Assets (2009)

The recent advancements in technologies such as cellular networks, wireless sensor networks (WSN), radio-frequency identification (RFID), and global positioning system (GPS) have lead us to develop a realistic approach to tracking mobile assets. Tracking and managing the dynamic location of mobile assets is critical for many organizations with mobile resources. Current tracking systems are costly and inefficient over wireless data transmission systems where cost is based on the rate of data being sent. Thus our main research goal is to develop efficient and improved asset tracking solutions and consume valuable mobile resources. In addition, we also adapt their routes by means of a novel and efficient geographical tracking approach that performs route adaptation. We focus on tracking GPS-enabled mobile devices mounted on the asset by understanding the behavior of a mobile device for reporting GPS data in various demographics. This paper is complemented with result evaluations based on a simulation environment with real logs.