gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of ovine virulent footrot with zinc sulphate/sodium lauryl sulphate footbathing (1987)

Trials were conducted on 2 commercial sheep flocks in the Gippsland region of Victoria to determine the efficacy of treating ovine virulent footrot by footbathing in aqueous zinc sulphate solution (20% w/v). The effects of foot paring, parenteral penicillin, vaccination and addition of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) to the footbaths were assessed. Trial 1 comprised 297 sheep with an initial prevalence of footrot of 33% and most lesions were severe and chronic. Treatment of sheep with unpared feet by zinc sulphate footbathing for 1h did not result in a significant reduction in footrot prevalence (n = 120, cure rate 33%) whereas a significant (P less than 0.01) response was obtained by footbathing for 1h with zinc sulphate/SLS (n = 120, cure rate 55%). Trial 2 comprised 1,042 sheep with a pretreatment footrot prevalence of 71% and predominantly severe lesions. In this flock all treated sheep were footbathed in zinc sulphate/SLS for 1h on 2 occasions, 5 days apart and the effects of additional surgical and parenteral treatments were assessed. Foot paring had a significant detrimental effect on cure rate (P less than 0.01). The administration of procaine penicillin at the time of the first footbathing with zinc sulphate/SLS made no significant improvement to the rate of cure. Footrot vaccine given 8 and 2 weeks prior to footbathing did not cure significantly more sheep than footbathing alone, but the results were significantly better than from foot paring plus footbathing, and from combined foot paring, footbathing and parenteral penincillin treatment (P less than 0.01). The cure rate was 84% for sheep that were only footbathed, 72% for those foot pared and footbathed, 72% for those foot pared, footbathed and given penicillin, and 88% for those vaccinated and footbathed.
A New Approach for Real-Time Detection of Abandoned and Stolen Objects (2010)

In this paper a new approach aimed at automatic identify events of abandoned and stolen objects detection in video surveillance system is described. Our method mainly includes three steps of data processing: the first processing phrase is object extraction, involving a background subtraction algorithm which dynamically updates two sets of background. Then, extracted objects are classified as static or dynamic objects. Finally, a decision-making model is employed to calculate a confidence score for the classification about event, and an alarm will be automatically triggered if the score of corresponding action is higher than a pre-defined threshold. Also, the robustness and efficiency of the method is tested on our real-time video surveillance system and evaluated by public database such as AVSS 2007 datasets.
Regional Localization of<i>ERG</i>, the Channel Protein Responsible for the Rapid Component of the Delayed Rectifier, K<sup>+</sup>Current in the Ferret Heart (1997)

Repolarization of the cardiac action potential varies widely throughout the heart. This could be due to the differential distribution of ion channels responsible for repolarization, especially the K+ channels. We have therefore studied the cardiac localization of ERG, a channel protein known to play an important role in generation of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr), an important determinant of the repolarization waveform, Cryosections of the ferret atrium and ventricle were prepared to determine the localization of ERG by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunofluorescence. We found that in the ferret, ERG transcript and protein expression was most abundant in the epicardial cell layers throughout most of the ventricle, except at the base. In the atrium, we found that ERG is most abundant in the medial right atrium, especially in the trabeculae and the crista terminalis of the right atrial appendage. It also is present in areas within the sinoatrial node. In all regions studied, FISH and immunofluorescence showed concordant localization patterns. These data suggest that repolarization mediated by IKr is not uniform throughout the ferret heart and provide a molecular explanation for heterogeneity in action potential repolarization throughout the mammalian heart.
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-Like Disease 1, and Related Hypomyelinating Disorders (2012)

The purpose of this article is to present contemporary information on the clinical and molecular diagnosis and the treatment of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher's disease (PMD) and related leukodystrophies. Various types of mutations of the X-linked proteolipid protein 1 gene (PLP1) that include copy number changes, point mutations, and insertions or deletions of a few bases lead to a clinical spectrum from the most severe connatal PMD, to the least severe spastic paraplegia 2 (SPG2). Signs of PMD include nystagmus, hypotonia, tremors, titubation, ataxia, spasticity, athetotic movements and cognitive impairment; the major findings in SPG2 are leg weakness and spasticity. A diffuse pattern of hypomyelination is seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of PMD/SPG2 patients. A similar constellation of signs and pattern of hypomyelination lead to the autosomal recessive disease called Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease 1 (PMLD1) and the less-severe spastic paraplegia 44 (SPG44), caused by mutations of the gap junction protein, gamma-2 gene (GJC2), formerly known as the gap junction protein, α-12 gene (GJA12). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) may assist with differential clinical diagnosis of PMD and PMLD1. Supportive therapy for patients with PMD/SPG2 and PMLD1/SPG44 includes medications for seizures and spasticity; physical therapy, exercise, and orthotics for spasticity management; surgery for contractures and scoliosis; gastrostomy for severe dysphagia; proper wheelchair seating, physical therapy, and orthotics to prevent or ameliorate the effects of scoliosis; special education; and assistive communication devices.
Role of nitric oxide in lysis of tumor cells by cytokine-activated endothelial cells. (1991)

The purpose of these studies was to determine whether nitric oxide produced by cytokine-activated murine lung vascular endothelial cells plays a role in their lytic destruction of M-5076 reticulum cell sarcoma. Vascular endothelial cells harvested from perfused lungs of mice were adapted to grow in culture. Cloned lines ascertained to be of endothelial origin were incubated in vitro with interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor. Lysis of radiolabeled tumor cells and accumulation of nitrite in the culture medium were determined at several time points. The concentration of nitrite in the culture medium directly correlated with endothelial cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. Endothelial cells cultured in L-arginine-free medium did not produce significant tumor cell lysis nor accumulation of nitrite in the medium. Both tumor cell lysis and nitrite accumulation were observed when the deficient medium was reconstituted with L-arginine, suggesting that endothelial cell-mediated tumor lysis was dependent on L-arginine, a precursor of nitric oxide. Moreover, specific inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by NG-methyl-L-arginine resulted in complete inhibition of endothelial cell-mediated lysis of the M-5076 reticulum cell sarcoma. Similarly, treatment of cytokine-activated endothelial cells with dexamethasone inhibited both target cell lysis and production of nitrite. Collectively, these results suggest that nitric oxide plays a major role in the lysis of tumor cells mediated by cytokine-activated endothelial cells.
Effect of Interparticle Electrostatic Double Layer Interactions on Permeate Flux Decline in Crossflow Membrane Filtration of Colloidal Suspensions: An Experimental Investigation (1998)

A systematic study on the effect of electrostatic double layer interaction on permeate flux decline and deposit cake formation in crossflow membrane filtration of colloidal suspensions is reported. Three monodisperse silica suspensions with diameters of 47, 110, and 310 nm were used as model colloids, and a tubular zirconia membrane with an average pore diameter of 20 nm was used as a model membrane. The magnitude and range of the electrostatic double layer interactions were controlled via changes in solution ionic strength and pH. The coupling between colloidal interactions and hydrodynamic forces was investigated by changing the transmembrane pressure and particle size. The results indicate that the rate of flux decline is strongly dependent on solution ionic strength and, to a much lesser degree, on solution pH (for the investigated pH range 6.1-10.0). Variations in flux decline rate with solution ionic strength are especially significant as the particle size decreases. Particle cake thickness, permeability, and porosity generally increased with a decrease in solution ionic strength for a given particle size. For given physical and chemical conditions, the cake layer porosity increased with decreasing particle size, while cake permeability decreased with decreasing particle size. These trends are consistent with the increased importance of double layer repulsive forces in controlling the cake layer structure as the solution ionic strength and particle size decrease. Pressure relaxation experiments indicated that the particle cake layer is reversible, implying no irreversible deposition (attachment) of silica colloids onto the zirconia membrane surface. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
Firming of potatoes. Biochemical effects of preheating (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFirming of potatoes. Biochemical effects of preheatingLinda G. Bartolome and Johan E. HoffCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1972, 20, 2, 266–270Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60180a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60180a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views482Altmetric-Citations217LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PKUAS: an architecture-based reflective component operating platform (2004)

Reflective middleware is the major approach to improving the adaptability of middleware and its applications. Current researches and practices pay little attention on the usability of reflective middleware. There is also lacking a systematic way to adapt a runtime system via reflective middleware. This paper presents the design and implementation of PKUAS (Peking University Application Server), an architecture-based reflective component operating platform compliant with Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition. PKUAS constructs and represents its platform and applications from the perspective of software architecture so as to provide an understandable, user-friendly and systematic way to use reflective middleware.
Secretable Storage Pools in Platelets (1979)

Knowledge gained during the past two decades has greatly increased our understanding of the roles of platelets in hemostasis, thrombosis, and other biological processes (1-3). However, much remains to be learned. The present review summarizes our current knowledge about granule-bound platelet substances that are released extracellularly after platelet stimula­ tion. We briefly review the in vitro responses of platelets to various agonists, emphasizing the granule-bound substances and the mechanism(s) involved in their storage and release. These substances (some of which are also present in plasma, adsorbed on platelets, or present in nonsecretable platelet pools) comprise the secretable storage pool substances of the platelet. Where information is available, we discuss the physiological significance of the secreted substances and their stability following release into the blood. Finally we review congenital and acquired disorders of hemostasis in which the deficiencies of storage pool substances have been described.
Workspace awareness in mobile virtual teams (2002)

Staying aware of each other in cooperative teamwork is something we take for granted in the everyday world, even if collaboration is not continuously face-to-face, and team members frequently shift from group to individual activity during work sessions. Maintaining this intuitive fidelity of awareness, e.g. of team members working in the office next door, is, on the other hand, something that has proven particularly difficult to attain in distributed collaboration systems, where the social interaction protocol is not as well established and the means for becoming aware of the environment are far less common. The work reported in this paper is focused on workspace awareness, i.e. the "up-to-the-moment understanding of another person's interaction with a shared workspace". As opposed to the traditional understanding of shared workspaces being bounded spaces where people can see and manipulate artefacts related to their activities (documents in an office, the whiteboard in a lecture hall or assembly lines in a factory), we consider virtual mobile (team) workspaces as abstract spaces containing objects that constitute the teamwork.
Animal Ethics and Breed-Specific Legislation (2009)

This paper offers a conceptual analysis of the ethics of breed-specific legislation. It discusses the public's ethical concern for the treatment of animals. It also asks whether it is ethical to regulate animals (i.e. pit-bulls) based on their breeds, rather than on their individual behavior. Additionally, it explores the effects of breed-specific legislation on the companionship between animals and man.
153. Efficient Expression of mRNA PEG-Peptide Polyplexes in Mouse Liver (2015)

The delivery of mRNA has garnered much attention in recent years as genome editing techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9, Zinc Finger endonucleases, and TALEN endonucleases have been developed. The short-term protein expression offered by mRNA is attractive in these situations, where long-term expression could cause unwanted side-effects. mRNA also has the chief advantage of not needing to enter the nucleus to produce protein, a major barrier to successful nonviral DNA delivery. However, mRNA is highly susceptible to degradation by nucleases, and methods must be developed to stabilize it in the bloodstream before it can used effectively in vivo. PEGylated polyacridine peptides1 have been shown to protect plasmid DNA in the bloodstream for up 12 hours through a combination of nuclease protection and scavenger receptor inhibition2, and the protected DNA was shown to remain transfection competent by the delayed hydrodynamic dosing of normal saline. In this study, PEGylated polyacridine peptides were used to form stabilized luciferase mRNA polyplexes. In vitro transcription of a codon optimized mRNA construct containing both a 5’ and 3’ β-globin untranslated regions (UTRs). This mRNA was found to be 2000-fold more efficient at expressing luciferase in mouse liver when delivering a 1 mg dose hydrodynamically compared to mRNA lacking UTRs. The gene transfer efficiency in mouse liver increased an additional 15-fold when HD-dosing 1 mg of UTR-mRNA polyplex. The combined use of UTR-mRNA and PEGylated polyacridine peptide increased the expression efficiency in liver 3500-fold over the only prior report of hydrodynamically delivered mRNA in liver3. PEGylated polyacridine peptide, but not a simple polylysine PEG-peptide lacking acridine groups, was able to protect UTR-mRNA polyplexes from direct serum digestion for up to 30 minutes, demonstrating that a PEGylated polyacridine peptide binds to and stabilizes double stranded regions in native mRNA.
Protein Phosphatase 1 Is Targeted to Microtubules by the Microtubule-associated Protein Tau (1998)

Phosphorylation has been implicated in the regulation of microtubule (MT) stability and function by controlling the interactions between MTs and MT-associated proteins. We found previously that protein phosphatase inhibitors selectively break down stable MTs, suggesting that protein phosphatases may be involved in regulating MT stability. To identify the protein phosphatases involved, we examined purified calf brain MTs and found a protein phosphatase activity that copurified with MTs to constant stoichiometry. Western blot analysis and inhibitor profiles demonstrated that the MT-associated phosphatase was a type 1 protein phosphatase (PP1), which we named PP1MT. Recombinant PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) did not bind to MTs, whereas PP1MT did bind, suggesting the presence of proteins that target PP1 to MTs. By Sepharose CL-6B chromatography, the phosphatase activity of PP1MT eluted as a large protein complex of approximately 400 kDa. High salt (2 M NaCl) treatment followed by CL-6B chromatography dissociated PP1MT into PP1c and the MT-targeting subunit(s). The MT-targeting subunit was shown to be the MT-associated protein tau by PP1 blot overlays and other assays. Also, recombinant tau reconstituted the binding of PP1c to MTs. These results identify PP1 as the first tau binding protein and suggest that tau is a novel PP1-targeting subunit.
A facile synthesis of polyamides from aromatic diisocyanates and dicarboxylic acid catalyzed by Lewis acids (1996)

Abstract Aromatic polyamides were prepared by an AlCl 3 or HCl‐catalyzed polymerization of toluene diisocyanate or methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) with adipic acid at low temperatures (≤100°C) in a short reaction time (3–4 h). The intrinsic viscosity of the polymers was approximately 1.1 dL/g as determined at 25°C with m ‐cresol as solvent, indicating that the polyamides obtained by this method have relatively high molecular weights. The polymers exhibit high glass transition temperatures and good thermal stability.
Fish antifreeze proteins: physiology and evolutionary biology (1988)

Many marine teleosts have adapted to ice-laden seawater by evolving antifreeze proteins and glycoproteins. These proteins are synthesized in the liver for export to the blood where they circulate at levels of up to 20 mg/mL. There are at least four distinct antifreeze protein classes differing in carbohydrate content, amino acid composition, protein sequence, and secondary structure. In addition to antifreeze structural diversity, fish species differ considerably with respect to mechanisms controlling seasonal regulation of plasma antifreeze concentrations. Some species synthesize antifreeze proteins immediately before the onset of freezing conditions, some synthesize them in response to such conditions, whereas others possess high concentrations all year. Endogenous rhythms, water temperature, photoperiod, and pituitary hormones have all been implicated as regulators of plasma antifreeze protein levels. The structural diversity of antifreeze proteins and their occurrence in a wide range of fish species suggest that they evolved separately and recently during Cenozoic glaciation. Invariably, the genes coding for these antifreeze proteins are amplified, sometimes as long tandem arrays, suggesting intense selective pressure to produce large amounts of protein. The distribution of antifreeze gene types among fish species suggests that they could serve as important tools for studying phylogenetic relationships.
Enantioselektive katalytische Hydrierung von α‐(Acetylamino)‐zimtsäure mit einem Rhodium‐Phosphankomplex in wäßriger Lösung (1986)

Enantioselective Catalytic Hydrogenation of α‐(Acetylamino)cinnamic Acid with a Rhodium Phosphane Complex in Aqueous Solution The synthesis of [(3 R ,4 R )‐3,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1‐dimethylpyrrolidinium‐ P , P ′](1,5‐cyclooctadiene)rhodium bis(tetrafluoroborate) ( 5 ) is described. With this water‐soluble catalyst the sodium salt 6c of α‐(Acetylamino)cinnamic acid ( 6a ) is hydrogenated in aqueous solution to give ( S )‐ N ‐acetylphenylalanine with 90% ee.
Artificial neural-net based dynamic security assessment for electric power systems (1989)

An adaptive pattern recognition approach based on highly parallel information processing using artificial neural networks is discussed. The high adaptability of these networks allows them to synthesize the complex mappings that carry the input attributes and features into the single-valued space of the critical fault clearing times. Appropriate input feature selection makes this approach a candidate for handling a topologically independent dynamic security assessment process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Planning and Management of Dynamic Publish-Subscribe Communications in Tactical Networks using Multicast Groups (2007)

A challenge in planning and managing publish-subscribe (pub-sub) communications in tactical environments is making efficient use of IP multicast services with limited multicast address space, i.e., optimally associating pub-sub topics with multicast groups to minimize reception of unsubscribed information at receiver nodes and sending of duplicate information at sender nodes. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a scheme for assigning multiple pub-sub topics to each multicast group intelligently such that members of each multicast group have overlapping information needs to a maximum extent. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is quite efficient and the efficiency increases with the size of available multicast address pool. The proposed scheme is set in the context of a two-tier information dissemination system architecture for tactical networks consisting of a central planner in a single node, and a dissemination executive in every node. The central planner generates and disseminates the multicast address plan for pub-sub topics to other nodes. The dissemination executive at each node subscribes or publishes information to multicast groups in accordance with the plan and provides pub-sub services to applications in the node.