gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tolérancement des Systèmes Assemblés, une approche par le Tolérancement Inertiel et Modal (2007)

L'objectif du tolérancement des systèmes assemblés est de définir les tolérances des composants permettant la satisfaction du client : l'assemblage et le bon fonctionnement des systèmes. On peut identifier des cas limites du tolérancement pour lesquelles ces objectifs sont mal respectés. Différents modèles de complexité croissante sont identifiés : 1D, 3D et 3D avec prise en compte des défauts de forme. On peut aussi distinguer différentes hypothèses de comportement des composants du système : rigide non déformable, flexible élastique et élasto-plastique. Ce projet de recherche se propose de traiter les problématiques de tolérancement sous l'hypothèse de comportement rigide des composants, pour les différentes complexités de modélisation existante : 1D, 3D et 3D avec défauts de forme. Notre approche se fonde sur le critère inertie I de quantification des écarts d'une caractéristique par rapport à sa cible. Ce critère, basé sur la fonction de perte de Taguchi, est proposé par Pillet dans une méthode de tolérancement 1D. Pour étendre cette approche de tolérancement à la qualification de plusieurs caractéristiques, dans le cas des surfaces, nous choisissons d'utiliser la méthode modale de description des défauts de forme de toutes géométries proposée par Samper. Ces deux approches, de quantification (inertiel) et de qualification (modal), évoluent pour enfin être fusionnées et proposer une méthode d'acceptation multi-caractéristique, le tolérancement modal inertiel. La modélisation 1D du tolérancement est bien cernée. Le graphe (d,s2) permet l'analyse des tolérances des composants en vue de vérifier la conformité de la résultante pour toutes les configurations. On met ainsi à disposition un outil permettant de vérifier un tolérancement quelle que soit l'expression de la tolérance, intervalle de tolérance ou inertie, quels que soient les indices de capabilité et sous l'hypothèse statistique d'indépendance des variables ou non (non illustrée ici).
New Architecture and Algorithm for Webserver Cluster Based on Linux Virtual Server (2008)

According to the growing of Internet, many websites have used clustering technologies to enlarge their performance. These days, LVS (Linux Virtual Server) software, which is free of charge and has good performance, has commonly been used to construct web server cluster. But when requests are increased, LVS can raise a bottleneck and can make the cluster system unable after all, because it has only single front-end. In this paper, we suggest a new architecture for webserver cluster based on LVS with multiple front-ends which can act as back-ends simultaneously. We also propose a scheduling algorithm to distribute requests equally to servers with considering their load. The proposed system and algorithm remove the bottleneck, and are useful in constructing small and middle-sized websites. In the proposed system, a server can make response directly to clientpsilas request only when its load is not large enough. Otherwise, the server should redirect the request to a selected back-end with the lowest load. We hope that the webserver cluster with multiple front-end will be suitable and efficient for constructing small and middle-sized websites at the point of cost and performance.
Cost Analysis of a Commercial Manufacturing Process of a Fine Chemical Compound Using Micro Process Engineering (2006)

In the last years micro process engineering has developed rapidly and commercial interest has increased. While process intensification was demonstrated, the question remains whether this novel technology can lead to economic profits. In this context, a cost analysis is performed here for an economic fine chemical process of the customized chemical producer Azurchem GmbH, i.e. the formation of the 4-cyanophenylboronic acid, using the benefits of micro process technology supplied by IMM GmbH. This process is representative for several other fine and specialty chemical manufacturing processes proprietary to the Azurchem Gmbh. This is the first time that a cost analysis is made accessible in open literature for a commercial chemical product made by micro process engineering, i.e. for a real-case scenario with validated database, i.e. real yields, micro-chemical plant, chemical and operator costs. The conclusions from this particular case are extended to more general statements on the micro processing of the whole class of high-value fine chemicals. This is achieved via some potential case scenarios of conceivable improvements by means of capacity or selectivity increases and a comparison with a traditional manufacturing method based on batch processing. In this way, some fundamental issues on the suitability of this novel technology are revealed, i.e. how process intensification translates into business drivers.
Light-Driven Liquid Crystalline Materials: From Photo-Induced Phase Transitions and Property Modulations to Applications (2016)

Light-driven phenomena both in living systems and nonliving materials have enabled truly fascinating and incredible dynamic architectures with terrific forms and functions. Recently, liquid crystalline materials endowed with photoresponsive capability have emerged as enticing systems. In this Review, we focus on the developments of light-driven liquid crystalline materials containing photochromic components over the past decade. Design and synthesis of photochromic liquid crystals (LCs), photoinduced phase transitions in LC, and photoalignment and photoorientation of LCs have been covered. Photomodulation of pitch, polarization, lattice constant and handedness inversion of chiral LCs is discussed. Light-driven phenomena and properties of liquid crystalline polymers, elastomers, and networks have also been analyzed. The applications of photoinduced phase transitions, photoalignment, photomodulation of chiral LCs, and photomobile polymers have been highlighted wherever appropriate. The combination of photochromism, liquid crystallinity, and fabrication techniques has enabled some fascinating functional materials which can be driven by ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light irradiation. Nanoscale particles have been incorporated to widen and diversify the scope of the light-driven liquid crystalline materials. The developed materials possess huge potential for applications in optics, photonics, adaptive materials, nanotechnology, etc. The challenges and opportunities in this area are discussed at the end of the Review.
Pyramidal horns at 460 GHz (1984)

Calculations and measurements of the beam patterns of pyramidal horns at 460 GHz are given. The calculated patterns show excellent agreement with experimental results.
A novel adamantyl benzylbenzamide derivative, <scp>AP</scp>736, suppresses melanogenesis through the inhibition of c<scp>AMP</scp>‐<scp>PKA</scp>‐<scp>CREB</scp>‐activated microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor and tyrosinase expression (2013)

Melanogenesis is essential for the protection of skin against UV, but excessive production of melanin causes unaesthetic hyperpigmentation. Much effort is being made to develop effective depigmenting agents. Here, we found that a tyrosinase inhibitor, AP736 (5-adamantan-1-yl-N-(2,4-dihydroxy-benzyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-benzamide) potently suppresses tyrosinase expression, and the mechanism underlying was elucidated. AP736 attenuated the melanin production induced by diverse melanogenic stimuli in murine and human melanocytes. It suppressed the expression of key melanogenic enzymes; tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and tyrosinase-related protein-2. The expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF), a major promoter of melanogenesis was also decreased. AP736 inhibited the activation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and phosphokinase A (PKA), and cAMP elevation, reflecting that cAMP-PKA-CREB signalling axis was suppressed, resulting in the downregulation of MiTF and tyrosinase. Along with the previously reported tyrosinase inhibitory activity, the suppression of cAMP-PKA-CREB-mediated MiTF and tyrosinase expression by AP736 may be efficient for the treatment for hyperpigmentation.
Viscous energy dissipation in laterally oscillating planar microstructures: a theoretical and experimental study (2002)

The authors investigate energy loss in an incompressible, viscous fluid layer that provides skin-friction damping for a laterally oscillating planar microstructure. The physical model for the viscous dissipation is based on Stokes-type fluid motion. In the theoretical analysis, the damping property of a fluid layer is characterized in terms of viscous energy dissipation, resulting in damping formulas for practical Q estimation. In the experimental study, surface-micromachined polysilicon resonators have been fabricated and tested under an electrostatic excitation in atmosphere. The estimated Q compares well with the Q measured for the test structures, as well as with the experimental Q reported by previous investigators. It is concluded that the Stokes-type damping model presents a more general damping treatment with better Q estimation, although discrepancies of 10 to 20% still remain between the estimated and measured Q. Possible sources of these discrepancies are discussed. The results of the study are applicable to damping design for microsensors and microactuators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A protocol to maintain a minimum spanning tree in a dynamic topology (1988)

We present a distributed protocol for updating and maintaining a minimum-weight spanning tree (MST) in a network with changing topology. The protocol can respond to multiple link/node failures and recoveries that can occur at arbitrary times. Given that an arbitrary finite number of topological changes occur during a period, the protocol finds the MST corresponding to the latest network, within finite time after the last change. The message complexity of the protocol is O(m|E|+k|V|) when k link recoveries and m link failures occur, where |V| and |E| are the total number of nodes and links, respectively.
Final report: Accelerated beta decay for disposal of fission fragment wastes (2000)

The fundamental theory of the interaction of intense, low-frequency electromagnetic fields with certain radioactive nuclei has been fully formulated. The nuclei are of the type that exists in high-level radioactive wastes that are end products of the production of energy from nuclear fission. The basic physical mechanisms that underlie the coupling of the applied field to the nucleus have been identified. Both the basic theory and numerical predictions that stem from it support the conclusion that high-level radioactive wastes can be disposed of by substantially accelerating the rate of radioactive decay. Some old experiments on the acceleration of this type of radioactivity, with results that were not understood at the time, have been re-examined. Their interpretation is now clear, and the experiments are found to be in agreement with the theory.
Effect of active effort in eco-driving support system on proficiency of driving skill (2012)

Eco-driving support systems (EDSSs) are separated into two types; a direct EDSS and an indirect EDSS. The present study performed driving simulator experiments to verify the different influence of two EDSSs on proficiency in eco-driving. We discuss the results from a viewpoint of FUBEN-EKI which was proposed as a novel system design methodology, and then clarify the relationship between the degree of active effort and the proficiency of eco-driving skill.
Styrene/ethylbenzene separation using facilitated transport through perfluorosulfonate ionomer membranes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStyrene/ethylbenzene separation using facilitated transport through perfluorosulfonate ionomer membranesCarl A. Koval, Terry Spontarelli, and Richard D. NobleCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1989, 28, 7, 1020–1024Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00091a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00091a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new short memory turbo code with good BER performance and low decoding complexity (2003)

A new rate 1/2 turbo code with short memory 2 is developed in this paper. The proposed turbo code consists of two 4-state parallel concatenated non-punctured systematic rate-2/3 convolutional codes. Using a modified maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding algorithm working on dual codes, its bit error rate (BER) performance is comparable to that of the classic 16-state turbo code at short block lengths, such as k=1024, while its decoding complexity is less than 1/8 that of the classic 16-state turbo codes; for information block length k=504, its BER performance is better than that of the (1008, 3, 6) LDPC codes with comparable decoding complexity. The dual code decoding algorithm is intrinsically partial parallel and a considerably higher throughput of the turbo decoder can be obtained compared with classic turbo codes consisting of punctured codes. The simulation results show that the proposed turbo code can be a competitive technique for short block length applications.
Network Testing System for Digital Data Networks. (1986)

Abstract The digital data exchange network testing systems (DNTS) is developed to enhance service quality and reduce maintenance costs in digital data networks. DNTS achieves quick, accurate and systematic fault detection and localization in networks by integrating network test facilities such as terminal, transmission and switching test facilities. Remote and automatic test control of the DNTS not only accelerates fault detection and localization processes but reduces maintenance costs to a remarkable degree. The DNTS has been developed mainly for testing digital data networks, but the system architecture developed in the DNTS is also applicable to the ISDN testing system.
Viability and activity of bifidobacteria in yoghurt containing fructooligosaccharide during refrigerated storage (2004)

Abstract The viability of yoghurt bacteria and two commercial strains of bifidobacteria was assessed in either yoghurt containing chicory fructooligosaccharide (FOS) or without any prebiotic, during 28 days storage at 4 °C. All the products showed a decrease in the viable count of yoghurt bacteria and bifidobacteria during storage. Numbers of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus decreased faster than those for Streptococcus thermophilus. The viability of bifidobacteria in yoghurt was affected by the strain type and the presence of FOS. Bifidobacterium animalis exhibited better stability in the yoghurt than B. longum. The recommended level of 1 million cells was exceeded for B. animalis throughout storage. The highest viable number of bifidobacteria (3.59–2.25 × 107 CFU g−1) was obtained in the product containing B. animalis and FOS. Viability of B. longum in yoghurt containing FOS remained above 106 CFU g−1 for up to 21 days, whereas this level was maintained for only 7 days for that organism in yoghurt without any prebiotic.
Fluorene‐Carbazole Dendrimers: Synthesis, Thermal, Photophysical and Electroluminescent Device Properties (2010)

Abstract Novel hole‐transporting dendrimeric molecules containing dioctylfluorene, spirobi(fluorene) and spiro(cylododecane‐fluorene) as the core unit and different numbers of carbazole and thiophene moieties as the peripheral groups are synthesized. All the dendrimers are characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, FTIR, UV–vis, PL spectroscopy, and MALDI‐TOF. They are thermally stable with high glass transition and decomposition temperatures and exhibit chemically reversible redox processes. They are used as the hole‐transporting layer (HTL) material for multilayer organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with a low turn‐on voltage of around 2.5 V and a bright green emission with a maximum luminance of around 25400 cd m −2 .
Measurement of embryotoxic factors is predictive of pregnancy outcome in women with a history of recurrent abortion. (1993)

The embryotoxic factor assay may be useful in predicting pregnancy outcome in women with a history of unexplained recurrent abortion. Further work is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of immunosuppression for this condition.
Crystal structure of microsomal prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>synthase provides insight into diversity in the MAPEG superfamily (2013)

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a key mediator in inflammatory response. The main source of inducible PGE2, microsomal PGE2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1), has emerged as an interesting drug target for treatment of pain. To support inhibitor design, we have determined the crystal structure of human mPGES-1 to 1.2 Å resolution. The structure reveals three well-defined active site cavities within the membrane-spanning region in each monomer interface of the trimeric structure. An important determinant of the active site cavity is a small cytosolic domain inserted between transmembrane helices I and II. This extra domain is not observed in other structures of proteins within the MAPEG (Membrane-Associated Proteins involved in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism) superfamily but is likely to be present also in microsomal GST-1 based on sequence similarity. An unexpected feature of the structure is a 16-Å-deep cone-shaped cavity extending from the cytosolic side into the membrane-spanning region. We suggest a potential role for this cavity in substrate access. Based on the structure of the active site, we propose a catalytic mechanism in which serine 127 plays a key role. We have also determined the structure of mPGES-1 in complex with a glutathione-based analog, providing insight into mPGES-1 flexibility and potential for structure-based drug design.
The Hierarchical Fast Learning Artificial Neural Network (HieFLANN)—An Autonomous Platform for Hierarchical Neural Network Construction (2007)

The hierarchical fast learning artificial neural network (HieFLANN) is a clustering NN that can be initialized using statistical properties of the data set. This provides the possibility of constructing the entire network autonomously with no manual intervention. This distinguishes it from many existing networks that, though hierarchically plausible, still require manual initialization processes. The unique system of hierarchical networks begins with a reduction of the high-dimensional feature space into smaller and manageable ones. This process involves using the K-iterations fast learning artificial neural network (KFLANN) to systematically cluster a square matrix containing the Mahalanobis distances (MDs) between data set features, into homogeneous feature subspaces (HFSs). The KFLANN is used for its heuristic network initialization capabilities on a given data set and requires no supervision. Through the recurring use of the KFLANN and a second stage involving canonical correlation analysis (CCA), the HieFLANN is developed. Experimental results on several standard benchmark data sets indicate that the autonomous determination of the HFS provides a viable avenue for feasible partitioning of feature subspaces. When coupled with the network transformation process, the HieFLANN yields results showing accuracies comparable with available methods. This provides a new platform by which data sets with high-dimensional feature spaces can be systematically resolved and trained autonomously, alleviating the effects of the curse of dimensionality.
Development status of AEOLDOS – A deorbit module for small satellites (2014)

A prototype CubeSat module to deploy a gossamer aerobrake, using strain stored in tape-springs, at end-of-life is described. A novel hub geometry to reduce bending shock at end-of-deployment while simultaneously permitting radial, as opposed to tangential, deployment is proposed. The rpm of the hub is measured under various deployment conditions to verify that the system offers highly-repeatable performance, while high-speed photography is used to characterise the behaviour of the tape-spring during unspooling and contrast it to the behaviour of a traditional tangential-deployment system. Secondly the folding pattern of the membrane, which takes advantage of the symmetrical deployment offered by the petal hub, is developed and the unfolding mechanism is verified by numerical and experimental analysis. Finally, the release of the stored strain is considered and a novel burn-though device is designed and prototyped to meet this requirement.
Marco Bellocchio (2014)

Abstract This chapter presents an interview with filmmaker Marco Bellocchio. Bellocchio exploded onto the international film scene in 1965 with his fiery debut, Fists in the Pocket and has since then become one of Italy's cinematic masters. Vincere (2009) was the first Bellocchio film for some time to receive international distribution. The film tells a story airbrushed from many official biographies of Benito Mussolini—his relationship with Ida Dalser. The interview covered topics such as what initially led Bellocchio to the story of Ida Dalser; and whether he wishes to interrogate the methods by which history represents, remembers, and obscures despite his claim that he does not want to film to serve as an exposition of the vileness of the Fascist regime.
Pilot error in automated systems shown by altitude deviation reports (1994)

Over 8,000 altitude deviations are reported to NASA's Aviation Safety Reporting System each year. This is almost one an hour. The narratives of pilot incidents relate how errors made in the automation-assisted altitude change task are caused by the difficulty pilots are having interacting with automatic systems. This paper discusses the impact of increased automation in glass-cockpit airliners on the altitude deviations reported by pilots. By observing the way information is processed by the cockpit system, the author suggests that the philosophies of design and training need to change in order to facilitate, not debilitate, the aircrew.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
With All Deliberate Speed: Brown v. Board of Education (2015)

Julian Bond, former president of the NAACP and the first president of the Southern Poverty Law Center, delivered the Indiana University Maurer School of Law’s Harris Lecture on Oct. 15, 2014 in the school’s Moot Court Room. Bond’s presentation, “The Broken Promise of Brown,” was part of the school’s commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.