gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Standard Reconfigurable Viterbi Decoder using Embedded FPGA Blocks (2006)

This paper presents a Viterbi decoder (VD) architecture for a reprogrammable data transmission system, implemented using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device. This VD has been conceived as a building block of a software defined radio (SDR) mobile transceiver, reconfigurable on user request and capable to provide agility in choosing between different standards. UMTS and GPRS standards decoding is achieved by choosing different coding rates and constraint lengths, and the possibility to switch, at run time, between them guarantees a high degree of reconfigurability. The architecture has been tested and verified with a Xilinx XC2V2000 FPGA, to provide a generalized co-simulation/co-design testbed. The results show that this decoder can sustain an uncoded data rate of about 2 Mbps, with an area occupation of 45%, due to the efficient resource reuse
Biochemical characterization of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase variants reveals differences in protein stability (2014)

These results do not define major differences in the catalytic efficiencies of the studied NDM variants and carbapenem or penicillin substrates. Differences in the kinetics of cephalosporin hydrolysis were observed. The results do reveal that the clinically observed substitutions can make substantial differences in thermodynamic stability, suggesting that this may be a factor in MBL evolution.
Estimation of the distributions of anisotropic, elastic properties and wall stresses of saccular cerebral aneurysms by inverse analysis (2008)

A new method is proposed for estimating the elastic properties of the inhomogeneous and anisotropic structure of saccular cerebral aneurysms by inverse analysis. The aneurysm is modelled as a membrane and the constitutive response of each individual layer of the passive tissue is characterized by a transversely isotropic strain energy function of exponential type. The collagen fibres in the aneurysm wall are assumed to govern the mechanical response. Four parameters characterize the constitutive behaviour of the tissue: two initial stiffnesses of the collagen fabric in the two in-plane principal directions, one parameter describing the degree of nonlinearity that the collagen fibres exhibit and the other structural parameter, i.e. the angle which defines the orientation of the collagen fibres. The parameter describing the fibre nonlinearity is assumed to be constant, while all others are assumed to vary continuously over the aneurysm surface. Two model aneurysms, with the same initial geometry, boundary and loading conditions, constitutive behaviour and finite-element discretization, are defined: a ‘reference model’ with known distributions of material and structural properties and an ‘estimation model’ whose properties are to be estimated. An error function is defined quantifying the deviations between the deformations from the reference and the estimation models. The error function is minimized with respect to the unknown parameters in the estimation model, and in this way the reference parameter distributions are re-established. In order to achieve a robust parameter estimation, a novel element partition method is employed. The accordance between the estimated and the reference distributions is satisfactory. The deviations of the maximum stress distributions between the two models are below 1%. Consequently, the wall stresses in the cerebral aneurysm estimated by inverse analysis are accurate enough to facilitate the assessment of the risk of aneurysm rupture.
Structural design of the Sandia 34-M Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (1985)

Sandia National Laboratories, as the lead Department of Energy laboratory for Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine development, is currently designing a 34-m diameter Darrieus-type vertical-axis wind turbine. This turbine will be a research test bed that provides a focus for advancing technology and validating design and fabrication techniques in a size range suitable for utility use. Structural data from this machine will allow structural modeling to be refined and verified for a turbine on which the gravity effects and stochastic wind loading are significant. Performance data from it will allow aerodynamic modeling to be refined and verified. This design effort incorporates Sandia’s state-of-the-art analysis tools in the design of a complete machine. In this report I describe the analytic tools we are using, summarize the conceptual design procedure, and present portions of our detailed design as it existed in September 1984.
Near-infrared spectroscopy/imaging for monitoring muscle oxygenation and oxidative metabolism in healthy and diseased humans (2007)

Near-infrared spectroscopy NIRS was initiated in 1977 by Jobsis as a simple, noninvasive method for measuring the presence of oxygen in muscle and other tissues in vivo. This review honoring Jobsis highlights the progress that has been made in developing and adapting NIRS and NIR imaging NIRI technologies for evaluating skeletal muscle O 2 dynamics and oxidative energy metabolism. Development of NIRS/NIRI technologies has included novel approaches to quantification of the signal, as well as the addition of multiple source detector pairs for imaging. Adaptation of NIRS technology has focused on the validity and reliability of NIRS measurements. NIRS measurements have been extended to resting, ischemic, localized exercise, and whole body exercise conditions. In addition, NIRS technology has been applied to the study of a number of chronic health conditions, including patients with chronic heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, varying muscle diseases, spinal cord injury, and renal failure. As NIRS technology continues to evolve, the study of skeletal muscle function with NIRS first illuminated by Jobsis continues to be bright.
Analytical solutions for design of IIR equiripple filters (1989)

A purely analytical technique for the design of recursive digital filters with equiripple magnitude behavior is presented. The design is accomplished in a transformed variable denoted by w and defined as w=(z+1/z)/2. The method can be attributed to the class of rational Chebyshev approximations. It uses design steps corresponding to those for elliptical filters in the analog domain. Using Jacobian elliptic functions, a conformal mapping of the w-plane is introduced which describes the solutions of equiripple symmetric specifications. These are not halfband specifications, since the attenuation and the bandripple in the passband are chosen independently of those in the stopband. Examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the approach. It is suggested that this sort of algorithm can be used advantageously in adaptive filtering because of the simplicity of the analytical solutions. The algorithms are well behaved, since the infinite series expansion of elliptic functions and the consecutive manipulation with abridged forms of these series have been avoided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Use of cryopreserved bone marrow in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (1995)

Use of cryopreserved donor bone marrow may facilitate scheduling of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) by affording independence of a fixed time for bone marrow donation. The potential risk of damage to hematopoietic stem cells by cryopreservation resulting in delayed engraftment or graft failure has to be taken into account, however. To address these issues, the outcome of 19 matched related BMT (1992-94) performed with cryopreserved donor bone marrow was analyzed and compared with 19 related BMT (1990-93) receiving fresh donor bone marrow (control group). Time to engraftment of patients receiving cryopreserved bone marrow was not different from the control group (ANC > 0.2 x 10(9)/l 15.5 +/- 3.8 days vs 15.8 +/- 5.0 days; ANC > 0.5 x 10(9)/l 17.3 +/- 4.1 days vs 17.9 +/- 5.0 days, respectively). We did not find the previously described trend toward a lower incidence of acute GVHD in patients receiving cryopreserved bone marrow compared with patients receiving fresh bone marrow (acute GVHD > or = II 78 vs 64%). Furthermore, the two groups did not differ in the incidence of chronic GVHD (55 vs 38%) or day 100 survival (74 vs 68%). We conclude that in allogeneic BMT cryopreserved bone marrow cells can be safely used without jeopardising or prolonging time to engraftment.
Low-Level Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a Field-Treated Population of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) (1995)

Journal Article Low-Level Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a Field-Treated Population of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Get access Maria-Helena Silva-Filha, Maria-Helena Silva-Filha Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lêda Regis, Lêda Regis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Christina Nielsen-Leroux, Christina Nielsen-Leroux Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean-François Charles Jean-François Charles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 88, Issue 3, 1 June 1995, Pages 525–530, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/88.3.525 Published: 01 June 1995 Article history Received: 11 August 1994 Accepted: 10 January 1995 Published: 01 June 1995
Progressive video coding for noisy channels (2002)

We extend the work of Sherwood and Zeger (IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol.4, p.189-91, 1997) to progressive video coding for noisy channels. By utilizing a three dimensional (3D) extension of the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm, we cascade the resulting 3D SPIHT video coder with the rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) channel coder for transmission of video over a binary symmetric channel (BSC). Progressive coding is achieved by increasing the target rate of the 3D embedded SPIHT video coder as the channel condition improves. The performance of our proposed coding system is acceptable at a low transmission rate and bad channel conditions. Its low complexity makes it suitable for emerging applications such as video over wireless channels.
Polymerization of vinyl acetate at low temperatures (1955)

Abstract The polymerization of vinyl acetate has been studied at temperatures down to −40°C. by means of a specially designed apparatus. The object of the experiments is to preparer polyvinyl acetates of as linear a character as possible by working at low temperatures in order to avoid transfer reaction to accumulating polymer. Polymers prepared at a number of temperatures have been examined osmotically and by the light‐scattering technique. Using the latter technique, it has been shown quite clearly that the size of the molecule, as measured by the dissymmetry measurements, gets smaller and smaller for a given molecular weight as the temperature of synthesis is decreased. It is believed that if the synthesis is carried out at temperatures below −30°C., then the molecules formed are predominantly linear in character.
THE EFFECTS OF HIGH HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON THE MICROTUBULES OF <i>TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS </i> (1970)

Exposure of Tetrahymena pyriformis to 7,500 or 10,000 psi of hydrostatic pressure for 2, 5, or 10 min intervals results in a change in cell shape and ciliary activity. Shape changes occur concurrently with a degradation of longitudinal microtubules in a posterior to anterior direction. High pressure also causes a disruption of ciliary activity. Fine structural analysis reveals a breakdown (presumably microtubule depolymerization) of the central ciliary microtubules. The depolymerization begins at the junction of the central ciliary microtubules with the axosome and progresses distally along the ciliary shaft for a distance of about 0.5 micro.
Pyrroxamycin, a new antibiotic. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure determination and biological properties. (1987)

A strain of streptomycete was found to produce a new antibiotic pyrroxamycin. This compound was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. S46506. The chemical structure was determined to be 4,5-dichloro-2-(6',8'-dichloro-4'H-1',3'-benzodioxin-4'-yl)-3-nitr opyrrole by its chemical character and 1H and 13C NMR spectral analysis. Pyrroxamycin was active against Gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes.
Privacy-Aware Offloading in Mobile-Edge Computing (2017)

Recently, mobile-edge computing (MEC) emerges as a promising paradigm to enable computation intensive and delay-sensitive applications at resource limited mobile devices by allowing them to offload their heavy computation tasks to nearby MEC servers through wireless communications. A substantial body of literature is devoted to developing efficient scheduling algorithms that can adapt to the dynamics of both the system and the ambient wireless environments. However, the influence of these task offloading schemes to the mobile users' privacy is largely ignored. In this work, two potential privacy issues induced by the wireless task offloading feature of MEC, location privacy and usage pattern privacy, are identified. To address these two privacy issues, a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP) based privacy-aware task offloading scheduling algorithm is proposed, which allows the mobile device to achieve the best possible delay and energy consumption performance while maintain a pre-specified level of privacy. Numerical results are presented to corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Digital beamforming in ultrasound (1992)

The effects on array gain and sidelobe level of a practical digital beamforming (DBF) processor under the wideband conditions typical of ultrasound is discussed. It is concluded that a relatively simple design that replaces each analog delay line with a tapped, digital shift register (DSR) and a digital phase shift operation adjusted for midband will provide the desired performance, provided that the sampling rate of the signal at the input to the DSR is 4 to 10 times the bandwidth. More realistically, when nonidealized passbands are taken into account and the typical condition whereby the transducer frequency is about twice the bandwidth is considered, the rule of thumb for the sampling rate is that it must be 4 to 10 times the transducer frequency.
Effect of Time Management on the Job Satisfaction and Motivation of Teacher Educators: A Narrative Analysis (2017)

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between time management, job satisfaction and motivation among teacher educators in university departments, institutes and faculties of education in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Using an interview approach, the researchers recorded the professional stories of 40 teacher educators. The interviews and the analysis focused particularly on teacher educators’ skills, routines and characteristics related to time management, job satisfaction and motivation. This article advances current knowledge by revealing the values of narrative analysis including, especially, qualitative research methods as a means for disseminating the evidence-based information. In so doing, it offers teacher educators and heads of universities, faculties, institutes and departments a reliable resource for understanding how teacher educators improve their time management skills to increase job satisfaction and motivation and make their professional and personal lives more meaningful.
A precision flow-controlled Rb-82 generator for bolus or constant-infusion studies of the heart and brain. (1981)

A precision flow-controlled rubidium-82 generator has been constructed to deliver 76-sec Rb-82 at either fast or slow flow rates for bolus or constant-infusion studies. A stepping motor drive is interfaced to a microprocessor for pulsed control of flow rate to deliver the saline eluant solution from a large-volume (150 ml) machined pumping syringe through an alumina column that retains the 25-day Sr-82 parent. The generator system delivers 70-90% of the maximum Rb-82 activity in a 20-25 ml bolus elution of 2% NaCl. The Sr-82/Sr-85 breakthrough is 10(-7) - 10(-6). both yield and breakthrough are functions of column length and flow rate. Six separate Sr-82 loadings of the generator were evaluated over a period of nearly 2 yr in studies of myocardial blood perfusion and permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier. Sterility and apyrogenicity of the Rb-82 eluate were maintained during multiple elutions and long-term use of 3-4 mo for each generator loading.
Design and implementation of timing acquisition in ieee 802.11a wireless LANs (2004)

This paper presents an implementation of timing synchronization for the IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN applications. The implementation is based on a multi-stage architecture with three feed-forward stages. In this architecture, the first two stages are targeted for coarse and fine frame detection, while the last two stages are for coarsely and finely finding the symbol timing. The basic operations are cross autocorrelations in the first and the third stages, and autocorrelations in the second stage. Considerations have been paid to achieving a low-complexity solution. The IC implementation results show that the designed timing acquisition is fast, robust and accurate.
DEEP-SEE: Joint Object Detection, Tracking and Recognition with Application to Visually Impaired Navigational Assistance (2017)

In this paper, we introduce the so-called <b><i>DEEP-SEE</i></b> framework that jointly exploits computer vision algorithms and deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect, track and recognize in real time objects encountered during navigation in the outdoor environment. A first feature concerns an object detection technique designed to localize both static and dynamic objects without any a priori knowledge about their position, type or shape. The methodological core of the proposed approach relies on a novel object tracking method based on two convolutional neural networks trained offline. The key principle consists of alternating between tracking using motion information and predicting the object location in time based on visual similarity. The validation of the tracking technique is performed on standard benchmark VOT datasets, and shows that the proposed approach returns state-of-the-art results while minimizing the computational complexity. Then, the <b><i>DEEP-SEE</i></b> framework is integrated into a novel assistive device, designed to improve cognition of VI people and to increase their safety when navigating in crowded urban scenes. The validation of our assistive device is performed on a video dataset with 30 elements acquired with the help of VI users. The proposed system shows high accuracy (>90%) and robustness (>90%) scores regardless on the scene dynamics.
Mice fed a lipogenic methionine-choline-deficient diet develop hypermetabolism coincident with hepatic suppression of SCD-1 (2006)

Lipogenic diets that are completely devoid of methionine and choline (MCD) induce hepatic steatosis. MCD feeding also provokes systemic weight loss, for unclear reasons. In this study, we found that MCD feeding causes profound hepatic suppression of the gene encoding stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1 (SCD-1), an enzyme whose regulation has significant effects on metabolic rate. Within 7 days of MCD exposure, hepatic SCD-1 mRNA decreased to nearly undetectable levels. By day 21, SCD-1 protein was absent from hepatic microsomes and fatty acids showed a decrease in monounsaturated species. These changes in hepatic SCD-1 were accompanied by signs of hypermetabolism. Calorimetry revealed that MCD-fed mice consumed 37% more energy than control mice (P = 0.0003). MCD feeding also stimulated fatty acid oxidation, although fatty oxidation genes were not significantly upregulated. Interestingly, despite their increased metabolic rate, MCD-fed mice did not increase their food consumption, and as a result, they lost 26% of their body weight in 21 days. In summary, MCD feeding suppresses SCD-1 in the liver, which likely contributes to hypermetabolism and weight loss. MCD feeding also induces hepatic steatosis, by an independent mechanism. Viewed together, these two disparate consequences of MCD feeding (weight loss and hepatic steatosis) give the appearance of an unusual form of lipodystrophy.
Automated identification of abnormal adult EEGs (2015)

The interpretation of electroencephalograms (EEGs) is a process that is still dependent on the subjective analysis of the examiners. Though interrater agreement on critical events such as seizures is high, it is much lower on subtler events (e.g., when there are benign variants). The process used by an expert to interpret an EEG is quite subjective and hard to replicate by machine. The performance of machine learning technology is far from human performance. We have been developing an interpretation system, AutoEEG, with a goal of exceeding human performance on this task. In this work, we are focusing on one of the early decisions made in this process - whether an EEG is normal or abnormal. We explore two baseline classification algorithms: k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) and Random Forest Ensemble Learning (RF). A subset of the TUH EEG Corpus was used to evaluate performance. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data. kNN achieved a 41.8% detection error rate while RF achieved an error rate of 31.7%. These error rates are significantly lower than those obtained by random guessing based on priors (49.5%). The majority of the errors were related to misclassification of normal EEGs.
High-dielectric-constant ceramic-powder polymer composites (2000)

A ceramic-powder polymer composite, making use of a relaxor ferroelectric polymer that has a high room-temperature dielectric constant as the matrix, is developed. The experimental data show that the dielectric constant of the composites with Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 powders can reach more than 250 with weak temperature dependence. In addition, the composites under a proper preparation procedure exhibit a high breakdown field strength (&gt;120 MV/m), leading to a maximum energy storage density of more than 15 J/cm3. Experimental results also indicate that the high electron irradiation does not have much effect on the dielectric behavior of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 powders, possibly due to the relaxor nature of the ceramic.
Insulation properties of compressed electronegative gases (1957)

The electrical insulating properties under pressure of a number of halogenated methane compounds and sulphur hexafluoride are compared; sphere-sphere and point-sphere electrode configurations, and alternating, direct and impulse voltages are used. The influence of irradiation is also investigated. Of the gases studied, sulphur hexafluoride and difluorodichloromethane (known commercially as Arcton 6) have the most favourable properties for high-voltage insulation, and additional data are provided for the comparison of these two gaseous compounds. This includes (a) power-frequency breakdown-voltage characteristics of admixtures with nitrogen in uniform and divergent fields, (b) the comparison of the radio and power-frequency uniform-field breakdown voltages at atmospheric pressure, (c) the breakdown-voltage characteristics for a number of concentric-cylinder electrodes at various gas pressures with alternating, direct and impulse voltage, (d) the surface flashover-voltage/gas-pressure characteristics of solid insulation subjected to various forms of tangential stress.Data pertaining to electronegative gases are compared with corresponding data for nitrogen under the same conditions and with transformer oil at atmospheric pressure.Chemical and physical properties, such as decomposition in the presence of electrical discharges and vapour pressure characteristics, and economic factors are considered in assessing the suitability of sulphur hexafluoride and difluorodichloromethane as insulants for high-voltage equipments.Factors contributing to the high electric strength of some electronegative gases are briefly discussed.