gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laminin-binding integrins and their tetraspanin partners as potential antimetastatic targets (2010)

Within the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors, integrins alpha3beta1, alpha6beta1, alpha6beta4 and alpha7beta1 make up a laminin-binding subfamily. The literature is divided on the role of these laminin-binding integrins in metastasis, with different studies indicating either pro- or antimetastatic functions. The opposing roles of the laminin-binding integrins in different settings might derive in part from their unusually robust associations with tetraspanin proteins. Tetraspanins organise integrins into multiprotein complexes within discrete plasma membrane domains termed tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs). TEM association is crucial to the strikingly rapid cell migration mediated by some of the laminin-binding integrins. However, emerging data suggest that laminin-binding integrins also promote the stability of E-cadherin-based cell-cell junctions, and that tetraspanins are essential for this function as well. Thus, TEM association endows the laminin-binding integrins with both pro-invasive functions (rapid migration) and anti-invasive functions (stable cell junctions), and the composition of TEMs in different cell types might help determine the balance between these opposing activities. Unravelling the tetraspanin control mechanisms that regulate laminin-binding integrins will help to define the settings where inhibiting the function of these integrins would be helpful rather than harmful, and may create opportunities to modulate integrin activity in more sophisticated ways than simple functional blockade.
Cloning, genetic analysis, and nucleotide sequence of a determinant coding for a 19-kilodalton peptidoglycan-associated protein (Ppl) of Legionella pneumophila (1991)

A genomic library of Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires disease in humans, was constructed in Escherichia coli K-12, and the recombinant clones were screened by immuno-colony blots with an antiserum raised against heat-killed L. pneumophila. Twenty-three clones coding for a Legionella-specific protein of 19 kDa were isolated. The 19-kDa protein, which represents an outer membrane protein, was found to be associated with the peptidoglycan layer both in L. pneumophila and in the recombinant E. coli clones. This was shown by electrophoresis and Western immunoblot analysis of bacterial cell membrane fractions with a monospecific polyclonal 19-kDa protein-specific antiserum. The protein was termed peptidoglycan-associated protein of L. pneumophila (Ppl). The corresponding genetic determinant, ppl, was subcloned on a 1.8-kb ClaI fragment. DNA sequence studies revealed that two open reading frames, pplA and pplB, coding for putative proteins of 18.9 and 16.8 kDa, respectively, were located on the ClaI fragment. Exonuclease III digestion studies confirmed that pplA is the gene coding for the peptidoglycan-associated 19-kDa protein of L. pneumophila. The amino acid sequence of PplA exhibits a high degree of homology to the sequences of the Pal lipoproteins of E. coli K-12 and Haemophilus influenzae.
Verification and validation of simulation models (2005)

This paper discusses verification and validation of simulation models. The different approaches to deciding model validity are described; how model verification and validation relate to the model development process is specified; various validation techniques are defined; conceptual model validity, model verification, operational validity, and data validity are discussed; ways to document results are given; and a recommended procedure is presented.
The Effect Of Digital Unsharp Masking On The Detectability Of Interstitial Infiltrates And Pneumothoraces (1985)

A potential advantage of digital radiographic systems is their ability to enhance images by various types of processing. Digital unsharp masking is one of the simplest and potentially most useful forms of enhancement. The efficacy of unsharp masking in clinical radiologic diagnosis has not been investigated systematically, however. The effect of digital unsharp masking on the detectability of two types of subtle abnormalities, pneumothorax and interstitial infiltrate, was studied in an observer performance test. An ROC analysis of this preliminary data suggests that unsharp masking may improve diagnostic accuracy for pneumothorax. Radiologists' performance in identifying interstitial infiltrates was degraded by the image processing, however, and false positive diagnoses tended to be more frequent.
Media in Outreach: A Personal Opinion (1980)

How do we learn? How do we develop opinions, form impressions, and conceive images of peoples, places, and events? Once having developed these, how are they changed? Although the whole learning process may not yet be fully understood, it is clear that our cognition of things outside ourselves derives from information received through sensory sources. The major ones are tactile, aural, and visual, with smell and taste being less important.
Body area network for wireless patient monitoring (2008)

Patient data monitoring is a key issue for health and disease management. The use of wireless sensors within a body area network (BAN) makes this task seamless and easy. A BAN system is presented, which allows the connectivity of a wide range of heterogeneous body sensors to a portable hub device that is connectable to external networks (IEEE 802.11, GPRS). This BAN is based on the use of Zigbee/IEEE 802.15.4 standard technology and off-the-shelf modules. It is currently being used at the European level for the detection and the prediction of the human physiological state in relation to wakefulness, fatigue, and stress applications in which users carrying out daily activities are monitored in an unobtrusive and comfortable way. Characterised by its low power consumption, low cost, and ability to connect a wide range of heterogeneous sensors, this system can substantially improve the performance of different services, especially those that are health related.
The transulnar approach for coronary intervention: a safe alternative to transradial approach in selected patients. (2005)

The study reports our single center experience in transulnar coronary interventions in 122 consecutive cases. Success rate was 85.2%. Vascular complications were low (5.7%) and minor (6 hematomas and 1 pseudoaneurysm treated by compression). Transulnar catheterization is feasible and safe. It represents a useful alternative to the transradial approach in selected cases.
Nonlinear Control of a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Using a Two-Mass Model (2010)

The paper presents a nonlinear approach, using a two-mass model and a wind speed estimator, for variable-speed wind turbine (WT) control. The use of a two-mass model is motivated by the need to deal with flexible modes induced by the low-speed shaft stiffness. The main objective of the proposed controllers is the wind power capture optimization while limiting transient loads on the drive-train components. This paper starts by an adaptation of some existing control strategies. However, their performance are weak, as the dynamics aspects of the wind and aeroturbine are not taken into consideration. In order to bring some improvements, nonlinear static and dynamic state feedback controllers, with a wind speed estimator, are then proposed. Concerning the wind speed estimator, the idea behind this is to exploit the WT dynamics by itself as a measurement device. All these methods have been first tested and validated using an aeroelastic WT simulator. A comparative study between the proposed controllers is performed. The results show better performance for the nonlinear dynamic controller with estimator in comparison with the adapted existing methods.
24 kA solid state switch for plasma discharge experiments (2004)

We present the design of a modular, robust, high-current switch for controlling discharge current in the large plasma device (LAPD) at UCLA. As developed, 10 insulated gate bipolar transistor units are connected in parallel to provide 24 kA current-carrying capacity. Associated snubber and protection circuits are described in detail. The switch is typically operated at a 1 Hz repetition rate, with up to a 2% duty cycle. It has proven to be quite reliable, to date having pulsed approximately 5×107 times, with a net throughput of about 2 billion Coulombs. This type of switch not only has an application in such a plasma source, but can also be used to switch large currents for a variety of applications. The design is modular and the switch can be made smaller or larger depending on the desired current rating.
Instant Espresso (2016)

We demonstrate InstantEspresso, a system to explain the relationship between two sets of entities in knowledge graphs. Instant-Espresso answers questions of the form. Which European politicians are related to politicians in the United States, and how? or How can one summarize the relationship between China and countries from the Middle East? Each question is specified by two sets of query entities. These sets (e.g. European politicians or United States politicians) can be determined by an initial graph query over a knowledge graph capturing relationships between real-world entities. Instant-Espresso analyzes the (indirect) relationships that connect entities from both sets and provides a user-friendly explanation of the answer in the form of concise subgraphs. These so-called relatedness cores correspond to important event complexes involving entities from the two sets. Our system provides a user interface for the specification of entity sets and displays a visually appealing visualization of the extracted subgraph to the user. The demonstrated system can be used to provide background information on the current state-of-affairs between real-world entities such as politicians, organizations, and the like, e.g. to a journalist preparing an article involving the entities of interest. InstantEspresso is available for an online demonstration at the URL http://espresso.mpi-inf.mpg.de/.
A proposed collector design of double heterojunction bipolar transistors for power applications (1995)

A new collector design for the AlGaAs-GaAs double heterostructure bipolar transistor (DHBT) is proposed, analyzed, and simulated. The base-collector junction is linearly graded and terminated with a highly doped thin layer to offset the adverse alloy grading electric field. Simple analytical formulas are derived to facilitate the implementation of the design. A proof-of-principle simulation has been carried out for an X-band AlGaAs-GaAs power DHBT to confirm the design and the derived formula. The simulation shows the breakdown voltage can be increased from 30 V to about 45 V while the critical current density is about the same. It is also shown that, unlike other refined DHBT structures, the proposed structure does not require critical control in the fabrication of the base-collector junction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation of Arenes and a New Synthesis of Vitamin K<sub>3</sub> (1995)

Methyltrioxorhenium(VII)-catalyzed oxidation of 2-methylnaphthalene (1) with hydrogen peroxide leads to vitamin K3 (2) in good yield and high regioselectivity. The currently employed industrial synthesis of 2 with chromic acid produces 18 kg of chromium-containing waste per kg of product.
Characterization of Active and Inactive Forms of the JAK2 Protein-tyrosine Kinase Produced via the Baculovirus Expression Vector System (1995)

Three forms of rat JAK2 (type 2 Janus tyrosine kinase) were produced via the baculovirus expression vector system. Recombinant baculoviruses encoded either the full-length rat jak2 cloned from the Nb2-SP cell line (rJAK2), a carboxyl-terminal deletion mutant lacking the putative catalytic domain (rJAK2(C delta 795)), or an amino-terminal deletion mutant containing the putative catalytic domain ((N delta 661)rJAK2). The proteins produced in infected Sf21 cells were assayed for phosphotyrosine content and autophosphorylating activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation of rJAK2 was not observed 1 day postinfection when rJAK2 was initially produced but was apparent 2 or more days postinfection when the rJAK2 level had significantly increased. Tyrosine phosphorylation of rJAK2(C delta 795) was not observed; further, coproduction of rJAK2(C delta 795) with rJAK2 blocked tyrosine phosphorylation of rJAK2, consistent with previously published results (Zhuang, H., Patel, S. V., He, T-C., Sonsteby, S. K., Niu, Z., and Wojchowski, D. M. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 21411-21414). Mutant (N delta 661)rJAK2 exhibited a robust tyrosine phosphorylation signal. A second 62-kDa tyrosine phosphoprotein co-immunoprecipitated with (N delta 661)rJAK2 but not with rJAK2 or rJAK2(C delta 795). Both rJAK2 and (N delta 661)rJAK2 incorporated phosphate under in vitro kinase assay conditions, but rJAK2(C delta 795) did not. A JAK2 oligomer with interacting catalytic sites and/or inhibitory sites would provide a simple model to describe these results.
Presence and Characterization of Prostaglandin D2–Related Molecules in Nasal Mucosa of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis (2006)

These results suggest that PGD2 is released via the action of h-PGDS from various cells, and the expression of h-PGDS may be associated with the hypertrophic inflammation in the nose. In addition, ligation of PGD2 to CRTH2 appears to be selectively involved in eosinophil recruitment into the nose regardless of atopic status.
A measurement of very fast transition durations due to gap discharge in air using distributed constant line system (1999)

Very fast transition durations (rising time in positive polarity and falling time in negative polarity) due to starting of gap discharge were investigated in time domain. The gap space was set very small for voltages below 1500 V as a simulation of the charged device model (CDM) electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the gap discharge of switch devices. The measurement system consists of a distributed constant line system with a tapered coaxial electrode, which has a matched impedance for the characteristic impedance of the distributed constant line system. The insertion loss of the tapered coaxial electrode was within -3 dB in the frequency range below 4.5 GHz. The atmosphere around the electrode is ordinary air. This experimental system enables one to measure the high-speed transients of about 100 ps due to gap discharge in time domain. As a consequence of the experiment, the relationship between the discharge voltage and transition duration was confirmed. The voltage rise time was slowed down gradually in positive polarity, while the voltage fall time was slowed down remarkably in negative polarity for the 0.1-mm needle.
Studies on the Significance of Three <i>Bacillus</i> species to the Ensiling Process (1977)

The activities of Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus polymyxa were examined in a defined environment prepared to simulate a grass with low contents of dry matter and water‐soluble carbohydrates. All of these organisms produced lactic and acetic acids, and their growth was not suppressed by these fermentation products nor by low pH. The acid content of silages made by inoculation with lactic acid bacteria alone and in combination with each of the bacilli was greater than in the silages containing each of the bacilli alone. The acid content of the silages with lactic acid bacteria was not increased by the presence of bacilli. It is concluded that bacilli can compete with lactic acid bacteria for substrate but contribute little to the fermentation and in this context should be discouraged.
NIR bacteriochlorin chromophores accessed by Heck and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions on a tetrabromobacteriochlorin derivative (2015)

The synthesis of a new tetrabromobacteriochlorin BCBr4 is reported having the 3,4-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (10) as the major precursor. The BCBr4 was successfully employed in Pd cross-coupling reactions with methyl acrylate, phenyl acetylene and 4-ethynylanisole. In all three cases, the desired tetra-coupled products were obtained in good to excellent yields, and present a significant red shift in the UV-Vis bands above 800 nm. DFT and TD-DFT theoretical analyses of the NIR bacteriochlorin chromophores were performed in order to evaluate the effect of β substitution on their electronic structures.
Judging Correlation from Scatterplots and Parallel Coordinate Plots (2008)

Scatterplots and parallel coordinate plots (PCPs) that can both be used to assess correlation visually. In this paper, we compare these two visualization methods in a controlled user experiment. More specifically, 25 participants were asked to report observed correlation as a function of the sample correlation under varying conditions of visualization method, sample size and observation time. A statistical model is proposed to describe the correlation judgment process. The accuracy and the bias in the judgments in different conditions are established by interpreting the parameters in this model. A discriminability index is proposed to characterize the performance accuracy in each experimental condition. Moreover, a statistical test is applied to derive whether or not the human sensation scale differs from a theoretically optimal (that is, unbiased) judgment scale. Based on these analyses, we conclude that users can reliably distinguish twice as many different correlation levels when using scatterplots as when using PCPs. We also find that there is a bias towards reporting negative correlations when using PCPs. Therefore, we conclude that scatterplots are more effective than parallel plots in supporting visual correlation analysis.
Breast ultrasound image classification using fractal analysis (2004)

Recently, fractal analyses have been applied successfully for the image compression, texture analysis and texture image segmentation. The fractal dimension could be used to quantify the texture information. Several methods including box-counting, fractal Brownian motion, and iterative function system etc. can be used to estimate fractal dimension. In this study, the differences of gray value of neighboring pixels are used to estimate the fractal dimension of an ultrasound image of breast lesion by using the fractal Brownian motion. Further, a computer-aided diagnosis system based on the fractal analysis is proposed to classify the breast lesions into two classes benign and malignant. In order to improve the classification performances, the ultrasound image are pre-processed by using morphology operations and histogram equalization. Finally, k-means classification method is used to classify benign tumors from malignant ones. Experimental results will exhibit and evaluate the accuracy rate of the proposed method.
Synthesis and spectral data of 4,5‐bis[5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl]‐1‐benzyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles (1990)

Abstract The synthesis of the title compounds 3 upon cyclodehydration with thionyl chloride of the corresponding bis‐aroylhydrazides 2 is described and their spectral properties are examined.
Developing a Telepresence Robot for Interpersonal Communication with the Elderly in a Home Environment (2007)

"Telepresence" is an interesting field that includes virtual reality implementations with human-system interfaces, communication technologies, and robotics. This paper describes the development of a telepresence robot called Telepresence Robot for Interpersonal Communication (TRIC) for the purpose of interpersonal communication with the elderly in a home environment. The main aim behind TRIC's development is to allow elderly populations to remain in their home environments, while loved ones and caregivers are able to maintain a higher level of communication and monitoring than via traditional methods. TRIC aims to be a low-cost, lightweight robot, which can be easily implemented in the home environment. Under this goal, decisions on the design elements included are discussed. In particular, the implementation of key autonomous behaviors in TRIC to increase the user's capability of projection of self and operation of the telepresence robot, in addition to increasing the interactive capability of the participant as a dialogist are emphasized. The technical development and integration of the modules in TRIC, as well as human factors considerations are then described. Preliminary functional tests show that new users were able to effectively navigate TRIC and easily locate visual targets. Finally the future developments of TRIC, especially the possibility of using TRIC for home tele-health monitoring and tele-homecare visits are discussed.
Cycle-time aware architecture synthesis of custom hardware accelerators (2002)

We present the cycle-time aware architecture synthesis methodology used in PICO-NPA that automatically synthesizes minimal cost RT-level designs from high-level specifications to meet a given cycle-time. This allows subsequent physical synthesis to succeed on first pass with predictable performance. The core of the methodology is a static timing analysis engine that is used at multiple levels - program-level, architecture-level and RT-level - in order to identify, schedule and validate useful operator chains that are incorporated into the design automatically. We present architecture synthesis results for several embedded applications and evaluate the benefits of this technique.
Laminar Airfoil Modification Attaining Optimum Drag Reduction by Use of Airfoil Morphing (2010)

. Aerodynamic characteristics of the baseline and deformed airfoils have been investigated using a viscous–inviscid interaction method. It is shown that the leadingedge deformation is effective in reducing the drag at the offdesign angle of attack, in comparison with the baseline airfoil. The transition point has been estimated, using a numerical method based on a linear stability theory. The deformationisaneffectivemeanstomove thetransition pointaftontheairfoil,andtheextension ofthe laminar flow area results in a reduction in the drag at the offdesign angle of attack. Nomenclature Cd = drag coefficient Cl = lift coefficient Cp = pressure coefficient based on the freestream static and dynamic pressures c = airfoil chord length, m l = girth of the airfoil at the leading edge, m n = amplification factor Rx = Reynolds number based on ue and coordinate along the airfoil surface measured from the leading edge R� = Reynolds number based on ue and � Rec = Reynolds number based on the chord length t = airfoil half-thickness distribution, m U1 = freestream velocity, m=s ue = local velocity at the edge of the boundary layer, m=s x = Cartesian coordinate along the chord direction, measured from the leading edge of the baseline airfoil, m y = Cartesian coordinate perpendicular to x and measured from the leading edge, m ycamber = airfoil camber line, m Z = Cartesian coordinate parallel to x and
Ground Moving Target Displacement Compensation and Performance Analysis in the DPCA Based SAR-GMTI System (2009)

SAR-GMTI는 고해상도 영상과 동시에 차량, 기차와 같은 지상의 이동 표적을 탐지하여 정보를 제공하는 시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 항공기 탑재 측면 관측 영상 레이다에서 지상 이동 표적을 탐지하는 DPCA 기법에 기반하여 지상 이동 표적의 도플러 특성에 따른 영상 내 심각한 위치 오차와 퍼짐 현상을 분석하였다. 그리고 표적의 속도를 거리와 방위 방향으로 나누어 영상에서 위치 오차와 퍼짐 현상을 보상하며, 추정된 표적 속도와 퍼짐의 양을 정량화하여 제안된 보상 기법의 성능을 검증한다. The velocity and acceleration of the ground moving target can cause the target position to be displaced and defocused in the SAR image. In this paper, the displacement compensation scheme is presented to correct the displaced position and defocused moving target image in the DPCA based SAR-GMTI system. The influence of the ground moving target due to the velocity and acceleration is analyzed in range and azimuth directions, and its compensation method is presented with the simulation results. The performance of the proposed method is compared with respect to the estimated velocity and defocused quantity in both range and azimuth directions.