gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum Linnaeus, 1753 (Fenugreek) seed extract in experimental pulmonary fibrosis (2011)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. A large part of research focusing on the pathogenesis of IPF suggested that oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of bleomycin induced lung fibrosis. We therefore examined whether fenugreek Trigonella foenum-graecum Linnaeus, 1753 and its phenolylic extract inhibits bleomycin induced lung fibrosis in rats. Forty male Wistar rats were given a single dose of bleomycin (4 mg/kg, intratracheally). After 2 weeks of treatment, both fenugreek seed polyphenol extract (FSPE) and fenugreek powder supplementation (FPS) significantly reduced MDA (0.280±0.053 and 0.205±0.031 nmol/mg protein respectively) and increased TAS (0.888±0.086 and 0.695±0.086 mmol/l) in comparison to control groups (0.434±0.043 and 0.417±0.034 nmol/mg protein for MDA; 0.345±0.043 and 0.561±0.050 mmol/l for TAS). The restoration of oxidant/antioxidant balance was seen concretely through the diminution of inflammation in treated groups (3.29±0.49 and 4.29±0.76) in contrast to untreated groups (4.70±0.48 and 5.00±0.00). TGFβ was increased only in inflammatory infiltrate of parenchyma lung. In spite of these results, no correlation was found with increasing fibrosis, suggesting that a direct role for inflammation in pulmonary fibrosis is unlikely. The data suggest, in the first hand, that fenugreek’s polyphenol has a potent antioxidant activity and therefore has a potent anti-inflammatory activity against bleomycin induced lung fibrosis model in rats, and in the second hand, they confirm that besides inflammation, other factors probably interfere in the pathogenesis of  pulmonary fibrosis.

	 

	Key words: Lung fibrosis, fenugreek, polyphenols, bleomycin®, oxidative stress, total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), rats.
Incremental algorithms for collision detection between polygonal models (1997)

Fast and accurate collision detection between general polygonal models is a fundamental problem in physically based and geometric modeling, robotics, animation, and computer-simulated environments. Most earlier collision detection algorithms are either restricted to a class of models (such as convex polytopes) or are not fast enough for practical applications. The authors present an incremental algorithm for collision detection between general polygonal models in dynamic environments. The algorithm combines a hierarchical representation with incremental computation to rapidly detect collisions. It makes use of coherence between successive instances to efficiently determine the number of object features interacting. For each pair of objects, it tracks the closest features between them on their respective convex hulls. It detects the objects' penetration using pseudo internal Voronoi cells and constructs the penetration region, thus identifying the regions of contact on the convex hulls. The features associated with these regions are represented in a precomputed hierarchy. The algorithm uses a coherence based approach to quickly traverse the precomputed hierarchy and check for possible collisions between the features. They highlight its performance on different applications.
Implantation of vancomycin microspheres in blend with human/rabbit bone grafts to infected bone defects (2006)

In orthopaedic applications, allografts are used for restoration of bone defects. In order to combine the effects of bone repair and to prevent the infection, antibiotic-impregnated bone grafts are under current investigation with promising early results. In this study, to preserve the stability of antibiotics and to provide appropriate release profiles for 4-6 weeks, antibiotic-loaded microspheres were administered in combination with allografts and vancomycin was the antibiotic loaded to microspheres. Particle size, surface characteristics, loading capacity and in vitro release characteristics of the microspheres with and without allografts were determined. In vivo studies were performed on rabbits and antibiotic amount was determined by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method from synovial fluid sample aspirated. According to the results, although the in vitro study demonstrated effective antibiotic release of vancomycin from antibiotic-impregnated allografts for 5 weeks, in vivo conditions led to an early instability of the antibiotic (in powder form) and contrary to the high initial loading dose an effective release could not be obtained from the allografts after the first week. Following these studies, it was determined that antibiotic release over a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 6 weeks was realized from vancomycin-loaded microspheres which were implanted in a blend with allografts in bone defects. In conclusion, preservation of the antibiotic in microspheres maintained the bioactivity and provided the controlled antibiotic release, thus implantation of microspheres in a blend with allografts seemed to be a promising carrier system for the orthopaedic applications.
Effects of Glyphosate on the Growth Rate of<i>Chlorella</i> (1981)

The unicellular green alga, Chlorella sorokiniana Shihira and Krauss, was cultured in vitro using an inorganic growth medium with various concentrations of the herbicide glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine]. Growth rates, in terms of ceil doublings per day, were determined for cells inoculated into media containing from 5.91 × 10 −6 M to 591 × 10 −6 M glyphosate. Comparisons with a control, which supported 10.4 doublings/day, showed growth only slightly reduced at 5.91 × 10 −6 M and 11.8 × 10 −6 M, with averages of 9.7 and 9.5 doublings/day; reduced by more than half at 17.7 × 10 −6 M with an average of 4.4 doublings/day; and prevented at all higher concentrations. In addition to completely preventing growth at 23.7 × 10 −6 M and above, glyphosate seemed to cause a deterioration of the inoculum cells. Filtering the media containing 5.91 × 10 −6 M, 11.8 × 10 −6 M, and 17.7 × 10 −6 M through kaolinite prior to introduction of the alga reduced the inhibition previously noted at 17.7 × 10 −6 M and resulted in growth rates from 9.1 to 9.5 doublings/day.
The chemistry of polymerized oils. II. Dehydro‐polymers of methyl linoleate and methyl stearate (1953)

Summary Reaction of methyl linoleate with di‐tert.‐butyl peroxide yields tert.‐butyl alcohol and dehydro‐polymers of methyl linoleate as the main products. The dehydro‐dimers and higher dehydro‐polymers of methyl linoleate contain conjugated diene unsaturation, thus indicating the involvement of the pentadiene system −CH=CH−CH 2 −CH=CH− in the reaction. Methyl stearate yields dehydro‐polymers on reaction with di‐tert.‐butyl peroxide, thus indicating that reaction can occur at points in the fatty acid chains not activated by the proximity of olefinic double bonds.
Coaxially wound transformers for high-power high-frequency applications (1992)

Design considerations for transformers utilized in high-power high-frequency DC/DC converters are addressed. Major areas of concern are core-material selection, minimization of copper losses due to skin and proximity effects, and the realization of controlled leakage inductances. Coreless characteristics for various high-frequency materials are presented, and the influence of various conventional winding arrangements on the copper losses and leakage field is also demonstrated. Coaxial winding techniques (used commonly in high-frequency transformers) are investigated next as a feasible solution for containing the leakage flux within the interwinding space, thus preventing it from permeating the core and resulting in lower core losses and the avoidance of localized heating. Added benefits of this technique are reduced forces within the transformer, lower copper losses, and robust construction. The performances of two experimental single-phase 50 kW, 50 kHz units are reported. A three-phase version of coaxially wound transformers is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intestinimonas butyriciproducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium from the mouse intestine (2013)

A Gram-positive, spore-forming, non-motile, strictly anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the caecal content of a TNF(deltaARE) mouse. The isolate, referred to as strain SRB-521-5-I(T), was originally cultured on a reduced agar medium containing yeast extract, rumen fluid and lactic acid as main energy and carbon sources. Phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA genes revealed that the species most closely related to strain SRB-521-5-I(T) were Flavonifractor plautii and Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus (<95 % sequence similarity; 1436 bp). In contrast to F. plautii and P. capillosus, strain SRB-521-5-I(T) contained a substantial amount of C18 : 0 dimethylacetal. Additional major fatty acids were C14 : 0 methyl ester, C16 : 0 dimethylacetal and C18 : 0 aldehyde. Strain SRB-521-5-I(T) differed in its enzyme profile from F. plautii and P. capillosus by being positive for dextrin, maltotriose, turanose, dl-lactic acid and d-lactic acid methyl ester but negative for d-fructose. In reduced Wilkins-Chalgren-Anaerobe broth, strain SRB-521-5-I(T) produced approximately 8 mM butyrate and 4 mM acetate. In contrast to F. plautii, the strain did not metabolize flavonoids. It showed intermediate resistance towards the antibiotics ciprofloxacin, colistin and tetracycline. Based on genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, we propose the name Intestinimonas butyriciproducens gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate strain SRB-521-5-I(T) ( = DSM 26588(T) = CCUG 63529(T)) as the type strain.
Differential cryptanalysis of RC5 (1997)

Abstract In this paper we investigate the strength of the secret‐key algorithm RC5 proposed by Ron Rivest. The target version of RC5 works on words of 32 bits, has 12 rounds and a user‐selected key of 128 bits. Kaliski and Yin estimated the strength of RC5 by differential and linear cryptanalysis. They conjectured that their linear analysis is optimal and that the use of 12 rounds for RC5 is sufficient to make both differential and linear cryptanalysis impractical. In this paper we show that the differential analysis made by Kaliski and Yin is not optimal. We give differential attacks better by up to a factor of 512. Also we show that RC5 has many weak keys with respect to differential attacks. This weakness relies on the structure of the cipher and not on the key schedule. Finally we discuss some possible extensions of our attacks and some modifications of RC5 in order to improve the resistance against our differential attacks.
A New Class of Folding Oligomers:  Crescent Oligoamides (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA New Class of Folding Oligomers: Crescent OligoamidesJin Zhu, Rubén D. Parra, Huaqiang Zeng, Ewa Skrzypczak-Jankun, Xiao Cheng Zeng, and Bing GongView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo Toledo, Ohio 43606 Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, Nebraska 68588 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 17, 4219–4220Publication Date (Web):April 13, 2000Publication History Received20 December 1999Published online13 April 2000Published inissue 1 May 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja994433hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja994433hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1819Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amides,Chemical structure,Conformation,Noncovalent interactions,Oligomers Get e-Alerts
The Role of Ultrasound in Lower Extremity Wound Management (2002)

Imaging and hemodynamic information are essential in determining the etiology of lower extremity wounds. Ultra- sound offers a noninvasive method of studying vessel walls and measuring blood flow, thereby providing reliable diagnostic data. This article reviews the role of ultrasound in the management of the lower extremity wound.
Enhancement of glove-based approach to dynamic signature verification by reducing number of sensors (2008)

Data glove is a new dimension in the field of virtual reality environments, initially designed to satisfy the stringent requirements of modern motion capture and animation professionals. Utilizing the multiple degrees of freedom offered by the data glove for each finger and the hand, a novel online signature verification technique using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for signature classification and verification is presented. The proposed technique is based on the SVD in finding r-singular vectors sensing the maximal energy of glove data matrix A, called principal subspace, and thus account for most of the variation in the original data, so the effective dimensionality of the data can be reduced. Having identified data glove signature through its r-principal subspace, the authenticity is then can be obtained by calculating the angles between the different subspaces. In this paper we try to ponder a significant analysis of accuracy and performance of dynamic signature identification and verification using data glove with reduced number of sensors from 14 to 5 to achieve a significant level of accuracy. The SVD-based signature verification technique is appears to be promising with the best combination of selected 5 prominent sensors instead of select all the 14-seonsor based data sets and the best performance is shown to be able to produce 2.33% of Equal Error Rate (EER).
A Blue Protein as an Inactivating Factor for Nitrite Reductase from Alcaligenes faecalis Strain S-6 (1981)

A blue protein with a molecule weight of 12,000 containing 1 atom of type I Cu2+ was purified and crystallized from a denitrifying bacterium, Alcaligenes faecalis strain S-6, as an inactivating factor for copper-containing nitrite reductase of the same organism. Inactivation of the enzyme occurred when the enzyme was incubated aerobically with a catalytic amount of the blue protein in the presence of reducing agents such as cysteine and ascorbate. The blue protein acts as a direct electron donor for the enzyme to catalyze the reduction of nitrite, but in the absence of nitrite, the enzyme-reduced blue protein system reacts with oxygen to produce H2O2. A suicide inactivation mechanism of the enzyme due to this H2O2 production is proposed.
THE SYNTHESIS AND REACTION OF HETEROCYCLIC THIOPHOSPHORYL CHLORIDES WITH ALCL<sub>3</sub>OR CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>Ag. AN ATTEMPT TO OBTAIN δ<sup>5</sup>δ<sup>3</sup>-THIOPHOSPHORYL CATIONS (2000)

Abstract Two new heterocyclic thiophosphoryl chlorides (2). derivatives of 1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphole, are synthesized. The reaction of respective thiophosphoryl chlorides (1) and (2) with AICI3 affords dimeric heterocyclic diphosphonium dications 3 and 4. The reaction of 2a with CF3SO3Ag gives rise to dimeric anhydride 5 instead of the expected δ5δ3-thiophosphoryl cations. The results show that δ5δ3-thiophosphonium cations incorporated into a thiadiazaphospholic system (1) or benzodiazaphospholic system (2) are not stable, and undergo a structural rearrangement to give a δ4δ4-phosphorus-centre products.
Nonpharmacological Treatment of Alzheimer Disease (2011)

An emerging evidence base indicates that different approaches to cognitive training and cognitive stimulation in people with AD confer modest but significant benefits. The best evidence base is for CST, although this approach is labour-intensive, and requires further evaluation of cost-effectiveness. There is currently no evidence that brain training games provide any significant benefit to people with AD.
Understanding Particle-Size-Dependent Electrochemical Properties of Li<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>-Based Positive Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2016)

Electrochemical properties of Li-excess electrode materials, Li1.2Co0.13Ni0.13Mn0.54O2, with different primary particle sizes are studied in Li cells, and phase transition behavior on continuous electrochemical cycles is systematically examined. Although the nanosize (<100 nm) sample delivers a large reversible capacity of 300 mAh g–1 at the initial cycle, capacity retention is not sufficient as a positive electrode material. Moreover, unfavorable phase transition, gradual enrichment of trivalent manganese ions, and lowering structural symmetry is not avoidable on electrochemical cycles for a nanosize sample, which is confirmed by combined techniques of synchrotron X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A submicrosize sample also delivers a large reversible capacity of 250 mAh g–1 even though a slow activation process is observed accompanied with partial oxygen loss and migration oxide ions in the crystal lattice coupled with transition metal migration on the initial charge process. Such an unfavorable phase transition at room temperature is effectively suppressed by the use of a submicrosize sample with low surface area. However, suppression of the phase transition is found to be a kinetically controlled phenomena and is, therefore, unavoidable at elevated temperatures.
Validation of a biomechanical heart model using animal data with acute myocardial infarction (2009)

In this paper, we validate a biomechanical heart model with animal data providing a controlled infarct condition with a follow-up over several weeks. First, we set up the personalized model using data coming from the healthy animal, and we show that the simulations compare accurately with the measured data, both for the tissue motion and for the blood pressures. Then, we demonstrate that we can also adequately represent the behavior of the acutely infarcted heart by changing only the parameters directly related to the pathology, and to the physiological state of the subject during the exams.
Distributed real-time simulation for intruder detection system analysis (1999)

This paper describes a distributed simulation system developed for evaluation of physical security systems. The work extends previous work by extracting several system components that were previously integrated into the simulation model and creating distributed modules that interact directly with the system database. This allows the modules to incorporate arbitrarily complex logic and to be developed without detailed knowledge of the structure or language to implement the principal simulation component.
Real-time 3D computed tomographic reconstruction using commodity graphics hardware (2007)

The recent emergence of various types of flat-panel x-ray detectors and C-arm gantries now enables the construction of novel imaging platforms for a wide variety of clinical applications. Many of these applications require interactive 3D image generation, which cannot be satisfied with inexpensive PC-based solutions using the CPU. We present a solution based on commodity graphics hardware (GPUs) to provide these capabilities. While GPUs have been employed for CT reconstruction before, our approach provides significant speedups by exploiting the various built-in hardwired graphics pipeline components for the most expensive CT reconstruction task, backprojection. We show that the timings so achieved are superior to those obtained when using the GPU merely as a multi-processor, without a drop in reconstruction quality. In addition, we also show how the data flow across the graphics pipeline can be optimized, by balancing the load among the pipeline components. The result is a novel streaming CT framework that conceptualizes the reconstruction process as a steady flow of data across a computing pipeline, updating the reconstruction result immediately after the projections have been acquired. Using a single PC equipped with a single high-end commodity graphics board (the Nvidia 8800 GTX), our system is able to process clinically-sized projection data at speeds meeting and exceeding the typical flat-panel detector data production rates, enabling throughput rates of 40-50 projections s(-1) for the reconstruction of 512(3) volumes.
Implementation and verification of DPA-resistant cryptographic DES circuit using Domino-RSL (2011)

Differential Power Analysis (DPA) which is one of the Side-Channel Attack techniques can easily extract the secret information such as a cryptographic key from the device by analyzing the power consumption. Some DPA-resistant techniques have been proposed to protect the secret information. However, these techniques require special CADs, which balance wiring capacitance and control the timing to activate the logics for enabling signals. We have proposed a DPA-resistant Domino-RSL technique to design and implement by the standard CAD tool easily. This DPA resistance is achieved by eliminating the correlation between power consumption and cryptography operation. In this paper, the design flow of the Domino-RSL technique is presented and the DPA resistance of a DES circuit, which was designed and fabricated with 0.18μm CMOS technology, is evaluated using the Side-channel Attack Standard Evaluation Board (SASEBO). The Domino-RSL DES circuit did never reveal the secret key even with 100,000 wave samples analysis.
Hypothesis Tests for a Population Mean (2014)

These are typical questions in statistical analysis. First, let us see what is called a normal distribution.
Real–time Stability Testing of Air–Dried Primers and Fluorogenic Hydrolysis Probes Stabilized by Trehalose and Xanthan (2014)

A method for conserving primers and differently labeled fluorogenic hydrolysis (i.e., TaqMan) probes at ambient conditions is presented. Primers and hydrolysis probes with four different fluorophore-quencher combinations (6- FAM-BHQ1, HEX-BHQ1, ROX-BHQ650, and Cy5-BHQ2) were mixed with trehalose and xanthan at final concentrations of 56 mM and 2.78 mM, respectively. Mixtures were air-dried at 23°C for 30 min on strips composed of cyclo olefin polymer (COP), a material widely used in the manufacturing of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) test carriers. After one year of storage, the functionality of the primers and fluorophore-quencher combinations was validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), confirming their stability when stored in the presence of stabilizers, with the best results achieved using trehalose. This approach could be of great benefit for manufacturing IVD systems, for example, for genotyping applications based on multiplexing using different fluorescent dyes.