gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of a floating-point quasi-systolic general purpose CORDIC rotator for high-rate parallel data and signal processing (2002)

The authors describe the design and implementation of an algorithm and a processor which can be used to accelerate computations in which large amounts of rotations (circular as well as hyperbolic) are involved. The processor is a low-cost high-throughput VLSI implementation of the algorithm. With 10/sup 7/ rotations per second, many real-time and interaction-time applications in scientific computation become feasible. The required storage and/or silicon area is low and the execution time is independent of the particular operation performed. Another feature of this CORDIC design is its pipelined architecture and floating point extension. It is angle-pipelinable at the bit-level and has an execution time which is independent of any possible operation that can be executed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reaction of .DELTA.-tocopherol with an alkylperoxyl radical. (1990)

δ-Tocopherol was reacted with an alkylperoxyl radical at 37°C in benzene. 2, 2'-Azobis(2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile) was used to generate the alkylperoxyl radical. The reaction products of δ-tocopherol were isolated and characterized. There were δ-tocored, four stereoisomers of 8a(1-cyano-l, 3-dimethyl)butylperoxy-δ-tocopherone, a mixture of four stereoisomers of 8a-(1-cyano1, 3-dimethyl)butylperoxy-5-(δ-tocopheroxy)-δ-tocopherone, 5-(δ-tocopheroxy)-δ-tocopherol, a mixture of four stereoisomers of 8a-(1-cyano-l, 3-dimethyl)butylperoxy-5-[(5-(δ-tocopheroxy)-δ-tocopheroxy]-δ-tocopherone, and 5-[(5-(δ-tocopheroxy)-δ-tocopheroxy]-δ-tocopherol. From the reaction products of δ-tocopherol and its dimer, a possible mechanism for the reaction of δ-tocopherol with peroxyl radicals was discussed.
Dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance field sensing with part-per-trillion resolution (2016)

High-field magnets of up to tens of teslas in strength advance applications in physics, chemistry and the life sciences. However, progress in generating such high fields has not been matched by corresponding advances in magnetic field measurement. Based mostly on nuclear magnetic resonance, dynamic high-field magnetometry is currently limited to resolutions in the nanotesla range. Here we report a concerted approach involving tailored materials, magnetostatics and detection electronics to enhance the resolution of nuclear magnetic resonance sensing by three orders of magnitude. The relative sensitivity thus achieved amounts to 1 part per trillion (10<sup>-12</sup>). To exemplify this capability we demonstrate the direct detection and relaxometry of nuclear polarization and real-time recording of dynamic susceptibility effects related to human heart function. Enhanced high-field magnetometry will generally permit a fresh look at magnetic phenomena that scale with field strength. It also promises to facilitate the development and operation of high-field magnets.
The lost robot (2000)

Story Street for ages 4-7: *Ensures children progress at the right pace with supportive, gradual porgression through carefully graded steps. *Provides engaging humour and lively fiction plots provided by top authors and illistrators enhance excellence and enjoyment in teaching and learning. *Includes varied fiction styles are introduced through fantasy, cliff-hanger, adventure and novelty format titles to motivate and maintain attention. *Promotes valuable awareness of community and citizenship as Story Street is modelled round a contemporary multi-cultural community and many titles are ideal for teaching citizenship and PSHE including issues that range from conversation to bullying. *Specific assessment activities to help teachers monitor children's reading progress and simple integration of assessment for learning throughout Story Street Teacher's Notes ensure children's reading and writing skills progress at word, sentence and text level. *Accessible Teaching Notes and Activity sheets ensure teachers, teaching assistants and parents are all able to contribute to teaching and learning with simple integration of assessment and learning. *Covers ICT and literacy with vibrant talking books, author video clips and activities on CDROM for ages 5-7.
A constant depth ultrasonic scanner (1971)

A method of two-dimensional, pulse-echo ultrasonic scanning is described in which a focused sound beam is used to visualize deep-sited, thin layers of tissue located at a constant depth from an ultrasonic probe and close to its focal plane. Experimental investigation of the system indicates an attainable lateral resolution of the order of 1 mm at 2 MHz, with associated high sensitivity. It is also found that anatomically significant detail is provided by isotropically scattered echoes, without the need to search for specular reflections from major interfaces. Previous approaches to constant depth scanning have employed a cartesian raster scanning pattern, which has been found to have serious limitations in clinical applications, particularly in relation to scanning speed and acoustic contact. A suggested solution to both of these problems is to employ a spiral scanning pattern generated by a transducer which is moved mechanically in such a way that the centre of its active surface is stationary (i.e. at an isocentre) and can thus be held in contact with a single point on a patient's skin.
A change from HCO3(‐)‐CO2‐ to hepes‐buffered medium modifies membrane properties of rat CA1 pyramidal neurones in vitro. (1992)

1. Intracellular recordings were obtained from CA1 pyramidal neurones in rat hippocampal slices. Perfusion with a HCO3(-)-CO2-free, HEPES-buffered medium at pH 7.4 produced a wide variety of reversible effects on neuronal excitability, compared to responses obtained under standard (21 mM-HCO3-, 5% CO2, pH 7.4) conditions. 2. Introduction of HCO3(-)-CO2-free medium most commonly elicited, within 5-20 min, a fall in resting membrane potential (Vm), a rise in threshold for Na(+)-dependent action potential generation, and a reduction in input resistance. Anomalous inward rectification in the hyperpolarizing direction and subthreshold inward rectification were commonly reduced in HEPES-buffered medium. More prolonged exposure (> or = 25 min) to HCO3(-)-CO2-free medium produced, on occasion, Na+ spike inactivation. 3. The amplitudes of the fast and medium after-hyperpolarizations (AHPs) following a single depolarizing current-evoked action potential were attenuated during perfusion with HEPES-buffered medium at pH 7.4, as was the composite AHP following a train of action potentials. 4. Perfusion with HEPES-buffered medium at pH 7.4 reduced the degree of spike frequency adaptation and abolished depolarizing current-evoked burst-firing behaviour when this was present under standard conditions. 5. In tetrodotoxin (TTX)- and tetraethylammonium (TEA)-poisoned neurones, perfusion with HCO3(-)-CO2-free medium at pH 7.4 slightly raised the threshold for activation of Ca(2+)-dependent potentials and slightly reduced their duration, compared to responses obtained in HCO3(-)-CO2-buffered medium at the same pH. The AHP following the Ca2+ spike was, however, markedly attenuated. 6. Perfusion with a low-pH HCO3(-)-CO2-buffered medium (7 mM-HCO3-, 5% CO2, pH 6.9) produced changes qualitatively similar to those observed during perfusion with HEPES-buffered medium at pH 7.4. Raising the pH of the HEPES-buffered medium to 7.8 or 7.9 reversed inconsistently and then only in part the changes noted on the transition from a HCO3(-)-CO2- to a HEPES-buffered medium at the same pH (7.4). 7. The effects noted are unlikely to be due to a direct action of HEPES itself on neuronal membrane conductances. Rather, I suggest that they are likely to be caused by intracellular acidosis consequent upon the omission of HCO3- and CO2 from the extracellular medium.
Domain Conversion of Multidomain Barium-Titanate Single Crystals (1957)

It is found that complete domain conversion of single crystal BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ can be achieved by passing the crystal through the orthorhombic-tetragonal transition under an applied dc field. By using this process either complete $a$ or $c$ domain crystals can be prepared.
Cholesteryl esters of saturated fatty acids: cosolubility and fractionation of binary mixtures (1987)

Factors affecting the solid state miscibility of saturated chain cholesteryl esters were determined from electron diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric measurements on a homologous series which included two types of crystal packing. Electron diffraction patterns from solution- and epitaxially crystallized microcrystals gave measured unit cell constants consistent with the bilayer crystal form for myristate, pentadecanoate, palmitate, and stearate esters. Cholesteryl undecanoate crystallized as the monolayer I structure and cholesteryl laurate was polymorphic, packing in either monolayer I or bilayer forms. No evidence was found for the monolayer II form of the laurate claimed in earlier work. It is clear that solid solution formation follows general rules formulated earlier by Kitaigorodskii for molecular crystals. A symmetry criterion must be satisfied first of all, i.e., two compounds that solidify in greatly different crystal structures will not form continuous solid solutions (e.g., cholesteryl undecanoate/cholesteryl myristate). Within a given crystal structure type, solid solution is permitted when the molecular volumes are similar. (For example, cholesteryl myristate forms an ideal solid solution with cholesteryl pentadecanoate, a nonideal solution with cholesteryl palmitate, and a eutectic of solid solutions with cholesteryl stearate.) For the polymorphic cholesteryl laurate, solid solutions of either the monolayer I structure (e.g., with cholesteryl undecanoate) or bilayer structure (e.g., with cholesteryl myristate) are permitted.
Cultivation of Emiliania huxleyi for coccolith production (2018)

• Development of a batch process delivering a coccolith yield >5 g L −1 • Emiliania huxleyi RCC1216 cell concentration up to 3.5∙10 7 mL −1 • Adjusted medium supports stationary growth phase and thus prolonged coccolith production. • Process Transfer to a 10-L custom-build bag reactor
A novel, thermal instability in a ‘semi‐batch’ reactor (1993)

Abstract An unusual type of oscillatory, thermal instability in a reaction which takes place in a semi‐batch reactor, (i.e., when one reactant is admitted slowly to the reaction vessel and mixes with another reactant already present in the system) is investigated experimentally and theoretically. We show not only that oscillatory temperature changes may occur that are sufficiently large to constitute a formidable explosion hazard but also that the conditions under which such a hazard may take place could be entered unwittingly, in a mistaken belief that a move away from a potentially hazardous zone is being made. The theoretical background is formulated analytically in the context of a first order exothermic reaction. However, from the experimental study of the exothermic gaseous reaction between hydrogen and chlorine, we confirm the existence of oscillations and we show that the main features predicted by the simple theory transpose to more complex kinetic systems. In this particular system, temperature changes in excess of 200 K were measured in the unstable oscillatory region. The experimental study is linked to the theoretical foundations through numerical modelling of the non‐isothermal process, based on a detailed kinetic mechanism of the H 2 + Cl 2 reaction. Similar oscillatory phenomena are also shown by numerical simulation to be possible in a semi‐batch reactor in an exothermic reaction between two liquids.
Isolated palsy of the hypoglossal nerve after central venous catheterization. (1984)

The clinical and morphological features are presented of eight infants who developed a chronic respiratory illness in the first year of life characterised by tachypnoea and inspiratory crackles on auscultation. The median age at the onset of symptoms was 1 month (range 1 day to 7 months). Five of the infants required supplemental oxygen. Chest radiographs showed only non-specific perihilar alveolar shadowing and generalised hyperinflation. Investigations into the cause of the illness in these infants, including studies for infection, cardiac disease, and gastro-oesophageal reflux, were negative, and an open lung biopsy sample was subsequently taken from each infant. Histological examination showed mild lymphocytic bronchiolar infiltration only in six of the eight infants. The other two biopsy samples were normal. Seven of the infants were given a trial of steroids by mouth (mean duration of treatment four months) without any apparent benefit. These infants have now been followed up for a median duration of 21 months (range 1–9 years). All have shown continuous improvement, with either the end of oxygen treatment (three patients) or the use of low flow oxygen only at night (two patients). All have normal development and all but one have normal growth. Chest examination has become normal in four subjects. In the remainder the inspiratory crackles have persisted, although they have decreased markedly in all patients. It is proposed that these infants have a previously unreported respiratory entity and that the clinical and lung biopsy sample findings reported here predict a favourable medium term prognosis.
Human <i>N</i>‐Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III Gene is Transcribed from Multiple Promoters (1996)

We have isolated cDNA clones for the human N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GlcNAc-transferase III) gene. Two of them, H15 and H20, contain 5' non-coding regions that are totally different from each other except for 8 bp adjacent to the putative initiation codon. Analysis of one of the genomic cosmid clones containing the GlcNAc-transferase III coding region, Hug3, revealed the 5' non-coding regions of H15 and H20 contain two and one exons, respectively, in addition to the exon containing the coding region (exon 1). These have arisen as the result of alternative splicing. The transcription-initiation sites were determined by primer-extension analysis and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACe). Both H15-specific and H20-specific primers gave cDNAs longer than those expected from the lengths of H15 and H20, and a primer complementary to the region around the intron/exon junction near the putative initiation codon also gave distinct signals. Promoter activities of the 5'-flanking regions of H15, H20 and exon 1 were measured in a human hepatoblastoma cell line, HuH-6 cells by luciferase assays. The 5'-flanking region of exon 1 was the most active, whilst that of H15 was several times less active, and that of H20 was inactive. Our study suggests that multiple promoters of the GlcNAc-transferase III gene contribute to the complex regulation of this gene.
QoS provisioning in handoff algorithms for wireless LAN (2002)

The performance of the handoff algorithm is the primary concern for supporting mobile devices with roaming capability in wireless communications. The IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless local area networks (LANs) recommends carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) as the medium access control (MAC) protocol. The contention-based CSMA/CA access mechanism is sensitive to the traffic load whereas the assignment-based access mechanism used by wireless telephone networks is not. Heavy traffic load in wireless LANs causes significant degradation of network performance. Thus conventional handoff algorithms employed in wireless telephone networks are not applicable to wireless LANs. In this paper, after examining existing handoff algorithms for wireless communications, we propose a handoff algorithm for wireless LANs. This algorithm considers traffic load as an important factor for initiating handoff. In normal traffic load, signal strength measurements from various access points are used the same as conventional handoff algorithms. However, in heavy traffic load, the hysteresis margin and the absolute threshold of traffic load are taken into account. A simulation model is developed to study the performance of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the call dropping probability. Moreover, the relationship between QoS parameters and handoff initiation criteria is analyzed. Analytical results show how handoff initiation criteria might be set in accordance with the quality of services requested by users.
The effects of radiation transport on line ratios used as temperature and density diagnostic (1992)

The ability to diagnose the conditions in the fuel of an Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) capsule is a fundamental requirement for progress in ICF. Current ICF experiments are concentrating on high convergence capsules, and capsules will be larger on the more powerful lasers that are currently under development. Both of these developments make it harder to diagnose fuel conditions because of the larger column density in the target. This has led to increased interest in the use of line ratios as temperature and density diagnostics. For a line ratio to be a good temperature diagnostic, the ratio must be relatively insensitive to density and vary strongly with temperature. Given the atomic rates, it is relatively easy to find candidate line ratios in the coronal limit where all lines are optically thin. In this paper, the authors consider the effects of optical depth on line ratios. They show that, even if both of the lines used in the ratio are optically thin, the line ratio can depend on optical depth effects if one of the levels involved in the line ratio is pumped by an optically thick line. They present results from several different radiation transport models and attempt to drawmore » conclusions about whether it is possible to calculate the effects of optical depth accurately enough that line ratios can still be used as diagnostics. They also consider the effects of uncertainties in atomic rates on predicted line ratios.« less
Public and private libraries of Glasgow (1885)

Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- Stirling's and Glasgow Public Library -- The Mitchell Library -- The Euing Musical Library -- Library of Professor Ferguson -- Library of George Gray -- Library of James Wyllie Guild -- Library of George Wingate Hill -- Library of Alexander Macdonald -- Library of Bernard B. Macgeorge -- Library of Alexander Bennett M'Grigor -- Library of Thomas Adam Mathieson -- Library of James Barclay Murdoch -- Library of Thomas Russell -- Library of Mathew Shields -- Library of John Wordie -- Library of Alexander Young.
Magnetic Slot Wedges for Electrical Machines (1984)

On presente la technologie de la fabrication des cales magnetiques a l'echelle du laboratoire a l'aide de la technique du moulage en matrice adaptee. On decrit aussi la fabrication de toles magnetiques pour la coupe de diverses cales. Les proprietes magnetiques et mecaniques ont ete determinees; la permeabilite magnetique varie de 5 a 15 et la resistance a la flexion de 60 a 140 MNm −2 . On presente quelques applications des cales magnetiques dans les machines electriques ainsi qu'une comparaison entre des cales magnetiques et non magnetiques
In Vivo Recognition by the Host Adaptive Immune System of Microencapsulated Xenogeneic Cells (2004)

Encapsulation does not prevent host immune responses, but the inflammatory response to the implanted biomaterials or xenogeneic cells may be responsible both for encapsulated cell death and transient T-cell suppression.
A simple measure to apply sunscreen while on holidays (2003)

Author(s): Castanedo-Cazares, Juan Pablo, MD; Lepe, Veronica, MD; Torres-Alvarez, Bertha, MD; Moncada, Benjamin, MD
A Perturbation-Injection-Locked Sensor with Self-Oscillating Active CSRR for Vital-Sign Detection from Fingertip (2019)

A perturbation-injection-locked (PIL) sensor with the self-oscillating active complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed in this paper to detect vital signs of the human subject from the fingertip. The output modulated signal of the active CSRR is demodulated by the differentiator-based envelope detector. Since the CSRR can concentrate the electric field in a near-field zone, it will significantly increase the sensor sensitivity. Therefore, one can easily detect respiration and heartbeat rates from the fingertip. The measured heartbeat agrees well with that acquired by the photoplethysmography (PPG) finger pulse sensor.
Total Synthesis of Cryptophycin Analogues. Isosteric Replacement of the C−D Ester (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTTotal Synthesis of Cryptophycin Analogues. Isosteric Replacement of the C−D EsterBryan H. Norman, Thomas Hemscheidt, Richard M. Schultz, and Sherri L. AndisView Author Information Discovery Chemistry Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 The Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, and Cancer Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 15, 5288–5294Publication Date (Web):June 24, 1998Publication History Received23 March 1998Published online24 June 1998Published inissue 1 July 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980536rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980536rbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views317Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amides,Ethers,Mixtures,Organic compounds,Stability Get e-Alerts
Evidence-based recognition of 3-D objects (1988)

An evidence-based recognition technique is defined that identifies 3-D objects by looking for their notable features. This technique makes use of an evidence rule base, which is a set of salient or evidence conditions with corresponding evidence weights for various objects in the database. A measure of similarity between the set of observed features and the set of evidence conditions for a given object in the database is used to determine the identity of an object in the scene or reject the object(s) in the scene as unknown. This procedure has polynomial time complexity and correctly identifies a variety of objects in both synthetic and real range images. A technique for automatically deriving the evidence rule base from training views of objects is shown to generate evidence conditions that successfully identify new views of those objects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>