gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NPD1-mediated stereoselective regulation of BIRC3 expression through cREL is decisive for neural cell survival (2015)

Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived mediator, induces cell survival in uncompensated oxidative stress (OS), neurodegenerations or ischemic stroke. The molecular principles underlying this protection remain unresolved. We report here that, in retinal pigment epithelial cells, NPD1 induces nuclear translocation and cREL synthesis that, in turn, mediates BIRC3 transcription. NPD1 activates NF-κB by an alternate route to canonical signaling, so the opposing effects of TNFR1 and NPD1 on BIRC3 expression are not due to interaction/s between NF-κB pathways. RelB expression follows a similar pattern as BIRC3, indicating that NPD1 also is required to activate cREL-mediated RelB expression. These results suggest that cREL, which follows a periodic pattern augmented by the lipid mediator, regulates a cluster of NPD1-dependent genes after cREL nuclear translocation. BIRC3 silencing prevents NPD1 induction of survival against OS. Moreover, brain NPD1 biosynthesis and selective neuronal BIRC3 abundance are increased by DHA after experimental ischemic stroke followed by remarkable neurological recovery. Thus, NPD1 bioactivity governs key counter-regulatory gene transcription decisive for retinal and brain neural cell integrity when confronted with potential disruptions of homeostasis.
GFP:HIV-1 Protease Production and Packaging with a T4 Phage Expression-Packaging Processing System (1998)

A bacteriophage T4-derived protein expression, packaging and processing system was used to create recombinant phage that encode, produce and package a protein composed of human HIV-1 protease fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). The fusion protein is targeted within the phage capsid by an N-terminal capsid targeting sequence (CTS), which is cleaved through proteolysis by the viral scaffold protease P21. The fusion protein is designated CTS [symbol see text] GFP:PR. The [symbol see text] symbol indicates the linkage peptide sequence leu(ile)-N-glu that is cleaved by the T4 head morphogenetic proteinase gp21 during head maturation. The fusion protein is fluorescent and has protease activity as detected by the appearance of the expected substrate cleavage product on a Western blot. CTS [symbol see text] GFP:PR packaging occurs at about 200 molecules per phage particle. The CTS [symbol see text] GFP:PR fusion protein, when protected within the phage capsid, has been maintained stably for over 16 months at 4 degrees C. Production and storage of fusion protein within the phage circumvents problems of toxicity and solubility encountered with E. coli expression systems. Because recombinant phage inhibit host proteolytic enzymes, foreign proteins are stabilized. This phage system packages and processes the fusion protein by means of the CTS. Proteins can be purified from the phage to give high yields of soluble, proteolytically processed protein. The T4 phage packaging system provides a novel means of identification, purification and long-term storage of toxic proteins whose folding and DNA-directed activities can be studied readily in vivo.
Interactions Between Zinc and Thymulin (1994)

Thymulin (formerly called "Facteur Thymique Sérique or FTS) is a metallopeptidic hormone selectively produced by thymic epithelial cells (TEC) and known to induce intra and extra-thymic T cell differentiation. It was initially isolated from porcine serum and shown to be present in calf thymus extract. Its amino-acid sequence was determined (<Glu-Ala-Lys-Ser-Gln-Gly-Gly-Ser-Asn). It is a nonapeptide whose biological activity is dependent on the presence of zinc, in an equimolecular ratio. The metallopeptide thus formed bears a specific tridimensional conformation detected by nuclear magnetic resonance studies, and that yielded a new monoclonal antibody-defined epitope. The presence of zinc and metallothionein has been demonstrated within TEC which produce the peptide, suggesting that the molecule is secreted in its active zinc-containing form. The zinc/thymulin relationship, was further studied using various models of mild zinc deficiency in experimental animals and in humans. Serum thymulin activity was decreased as a result of zinc deficiency, and was corrected by in vivo and in vitro zinc supplementation, suggesting that this parameter could be a sensitive indicator of zinc deficiency. When considered together with the parallel variations seen in T-cell subpopulations and lymphokine production, these observations could provide a possible explanation of the role of zinc on T cell functions.
A method for continuous speech segmentation using HMM (2003)

A statistical method of segmentation using a hidden Markov model (HMM) and a Bayesian classifier is described. The main features of this method are the use of feature parameters which are independent of each category in vowels of consonants, and the use of only one HMM which commonly represents all syllable patterns. The segmentation strategy is to find the optimal HMM sequence. The optimal/best sequence is found by using the O(n) DP matching based on Viterbi algorithm. The concatenated number and boundaries of the best HMM sequence are regarded as the segmentation result. The experimental result on Japanese spoken sentences shows that the rate of segmentation is more than 92% for two male speakers, and the rate is improved to 97.5% by using a duration control mechanism based on a discrete probability distribution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Nitriles which Contain the =NF or ‐NF2 Functional Group with Boron Halides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Real-time bulk motion insensitive flow segmentation algorithm for Doppler spectral optical coherence tomography (2010)

We present a simple and efficient numerical technique for segmentation retinal and choroidal blood vasculature with bulk motion correction in functional Doppler Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography (Doppler SOCT). The technique uses local variance of velocity tomogram which is higher in the areas of the tomogram with internal flow. The resulting variance map reveals the position of vessels. This can be used either for vessel segmentation purposes or for masking the vessels on velocity tomograms. The remaining velocity information is connected only with static structure velocity offset. As only Fourier transformations are used in calculations the algorithm removes the bulk motion from velocity tomograms and provides images of segmented vessels with speed of 80 000 lines/s. The algorithm is shown to work with velocity tomograms obtained by joint Spectral and Time domain OCT (STdOCT).
Gene Expression Profiling of ERBB Receptors and Ligands in Human Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder (2006)

This study shows the involvement of the ERBB family and ligand genes in TCC. Most receptor and ligand genes are deregulated at different stages of carcinogenesis, implying that they should be studied simultaneously. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction could be used to determine ErbB signaling pathway status in individuals with a view to tailored therapy.
Ca2+ Crossbridge Phosphorylation, and Contraction (1989)

Ca2+ -calmodulin dependent phosphorylation of the 20,000-dalton myosin light chain by myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and dephosphorylation by myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) are important regulatory mechanisms for smooth muscle contraction (47, 55, 87, 91). This review attempts to answer a specific question: Can Ca2+ -calmodulin dependent MLCK activa­ tion, per se, explain the steady-state and transient changes in crossbridge phosphorylation, isometric stress, and isotonic shortening velocity during smooth muscle contraction? We address this question by first considering the experimental data. A rather simple hypothesis that predicts changes in phosphorylation, isometric stress, and isotonic shortening velocity using MLCK activity as the input is then discussed (36, 37) .
EFFECTS OF HARVEST STAGE AND LIGHT ON THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE DIATOM <i>THALASSIOSIRA PSEUDONANA</i><sup>1</sup> (1996)

ABSTRACT The marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt, clone 3H) Hasle and Heimdal was cultured under three different light regimes: 100 μmol photon · m −2 · s −1 on 12:12 h light : dark (L:D) cycles; 50 μmol photon · m −2 · s −2 on 24:0 h L:D; and 100 μmol photon · m −2 · s −1 on 24:0 h L:D. It was harvested during logarithmic and stationary phases for analysis of biochemical composition. Across the different light regimes, protein (as % of organic weight) was highest in cells during logarithmic phase, whereas carbohydrate and lipid were highest during stationary phase. Carbohydrate concentrations were most affected by the different light regimes; cells grown under 12:12 h L:D contained 37–44% of the carbohydrate of cells grown under 24:0 h L:D. Cells in logarithmic phase had high proportions of polar lipids (79 to 89% of total lipid) and low triacylglycerol (≤10% of total lipid). Cells in stationary phase contained less polar lipid (48 to 57% of total lipid) and more triacylglycerol (22 to 45% of total lipid). The fatty acid composition of logarithmic phase cells grown under 24:0 h L:D were similar, but the 100 μmol photon · m −2 · s −1 (12:12 h L:D) cells at the same stage contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a lower proportion of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids due to different levels of 16:0, 16:1(n‐7), 16:4(n‐1), 18:4(n‐3), and 20:5(n‐3). With the onset of stationary phase, cells grown at 100 μmol photon · m −2 · s −1 (both 12:12 and 24:0 h L:D) increased in proportions of saturated and monounsaturated fatty adds and decreased in PUFAs. Concentrations (% organic or dry weight) of 14:0, 16:0, 16:1(n‐7), 20:5(n‐3), and 22:6(n‐3) increased in cells of all cultures during stationary phase. The amino acid compositions of cells were similar irrespective of harvest stage and light regime. For mariculture, the recommended light regime for culturing T. pseudonana will depend on the nutritional requirements of the animal to which the alga is fed. For rapidly growing bivalve mollusc larvae, stationary‐phase cultures grown under a 24:0 h L:D regime may provide more energy by virtue of their higher percentage of carbohydrate and high proportions and concentrations of energy‐rich saturated fatty acids.
Satellite data broadcasting - an end to the world-wide-wait? (1998)

Data broadcasting is an alternative to the Information Superhighway that offers most of the functionality of cable at much lower costs by exploiting the existing direct broadcast satellite (DBS) infrastructure to distribute electronic content to home and business personal computers (PCs). With information transfer rates more than 1,000 times faster than land-based connections, data broadcasting is the quickest and cheapest way for individuals and enterprises to download multimedia information that may include text, images, video, animation and even CD quality sound. All that is required for the end user is a low cost PC board that takes minutes to install. In effect, data broadcasting is the adaptation of the TV broadcast paradigm to data. Information gathered from a discrete set of providers is packaged at a central point, scheduled and then transmitted to the consumer. Consumers consult an on-screen menu for data and then select what information they wish to receive.
Urban land use mapping using high resolution SAR data based on density analysis and contextual information (2013)

This paper presents a procedure for urban land use interpretation from a single high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image. The approach involves two semi-automatic steps: urban extent delineation and urban land use mapping. In the first step, two general classes (urban and nonurban) are mapped using an existing method that involves analysis of speckle characteristics and intensity information. In the second step, more detailed urban land use classification is undertaken based on analysis of regional radar backscatter patterns in terms of density of dark linear features, density of bright features, and urban contextual information. Density analysis was conducted at three levels: individual building–road, urban block, and suburban commercial–industrial. Contextual information, including density, building size, and distance between buildings and parking places, was used to quantify urban morphological patterns. Tests were conducted for mapping Ottawa, Canada, using five Radarsat-2 images of different incidence angles and three TerraSAR-X images of the same incidence angles but different dates. The results show that the proposed method could be used to map five urban land uses including low-density residential, commercial–industrial, high-density urban, open land, and nonurban with accuracies in the range from 74% to 82%.
Recent Advancement of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding of Two Dimensional (2D) MXene and Graphene Aerogel Composites (2020)

The two Dimensional (2D) materials such as MXene and graphene, are most promising materials, as they have attractive properties and attract numerous application areas like sensors, supper capacitors, displays, wearable devices, batteries, and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding. The proliferation of wireless communication and smart electronic systems urge the world to develop light weight, flexible, cost effective EMI shielding materials. The MXene and graphene mixed with polymers, nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterial, nanowires, and ions are used to create materials with different structural features under different fabrication techniques. The aerogel based hybrid composites of MXene and graphene are critically reviewed and correlate with structure, role of size, thickness, effect of processing technique, and interfacial interaction in shielding efficiency. Further, freeze drying, pyrolysis and hydrothermal treatment is a powerful tool to create excellent EMI shielding aerogels. We present here a review of MXene and graphene with various polymers and nanomaterials and their EMI shielding performances. This will help to develop a more suitable composite for modern electronic systems.
The influence of the pituitary on arterial intimal proliferation in the rat. (1978)

The formation of arteriosclerotic fibromusculoelastic intimal thickening following arterial de-endothelialization is well documented. Recent findings, both in vitro and in vivo, suggest that platelets are a major participant in the pathogenesis of this lesion by releasing a mitogen to medial smooth muscle cells (SMC). This mitogen results in SMC migration to and proliferation within the intima. A similar mitogen has been described as originating in brain and pituitary tissue. We now report that, in hypophysectomized rats with normal platelet counts, intimal hyperplasia is markedly delayed; pair-fed intact controls normally develop lesions. It therefore appears that the pituitary gland plays a significant role in the experimental arteriosclerotic response.
Dewetting of thin films on flexible substrates via direct-write laser exposure (2015)

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have enabled a wide variety of technologies both in the consumer space and in industrial/research areas. At the market level, such devices advance by the invention and innovation of production techniques. Additionally, there has been increased demand for flexible versions of such MEMS devices. Thin film patterning, represents a key technology for the realization of such flexible electronics. Patterns and methods that can be directly written into the thin film allow for design modification on the fly with the need for harsh chemicals and long etching steps. Laser-induced dewetting has the potential to create patterns in thin films at both the microscopic and nanoscopic level without wasting deposited material. This thesis presents the first demonstration of high-speed direct-write patterning of metallic thin films that uses a laser-induced dewetting phenomenon to prevent material loss. The ability to build film material with this technique is explored using various scanning geometries. Finally, demonstrations of direct-write dewetting of a variety of thin films will be presented with special consideration for high melting point metals deposited upon polymer substrates.
Crowdsourcing a News Query Classification Dataset (2010)

Web search engines are well known for aggregating news vertical content into their result rankings in response to queries classified as news-related. However, no dataset currently exists upon which approaches to news query classification can be evaluated and com-pared. This paper studies the generation and validation of a news query classification dataset comprised of labels crowdsourced from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and details insights gained. Notably, our study focuses around two challenges when crowdsourcing news query classification labels: 1) how to overcome our workers ’ lack of information about the news stories from the time of each query and 2) how to ensure the resulting labels are of high enough quality to make the dataset useful. We empirically show that a worker’s lack of information about news stories can be addressed through the integration of news-related content into the labelling interface and that this improves the quality of the resulting labels. Overall, we find that crowdsourcing is suitable for building a news query classification dataset.
Noise Amplitude Distribution of Impulsive Noise from Measurements in a Power Substation (2009)

Abstract-This paper presents ultra-wide-band measurements of impulsive noise within an electricity substation compound. The measurements are made in four contiguous frequency bands covering the range 100 MHz to 6 GHz. This range includes those bands relevant to modern wireless LAN and wireless PAN technologies such as IEEE 802.11a/b/g and IEEE802.15.1/4. Impulsive events are extracted from the measured data. A noise amplitude distribution analysis of these events is presented. Index Terms--Electricity substation, impulsive noise, noise amplitude distribution, ultra-wide-band measurement, wavelet packet, WLAN, WPAN. I.
Prediction of Tumor Recurrence by <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET in Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2009)

In this study, (18)F-FDG PET was an independent and significant predictor of tumor recurrence. In liver transplantation for HCC, (18)F-FDG PET can provide effective information on the prognosis for tumor recurrence and the selection of adequate candidates for liver transplantation.
Shearing Interferometer Using the Grating as the Beam Splitter (1971)

The theoretical interpretation of the shearing interferometer based on the moiré method using the fourier image of the grating is described. To obtain a pattern with good contrast, the observing plane must coincide with the normal fourier image plane of the grating or with the reversed fourier image plane. The information obtained by this method is the first partial derivative and under certain conditions the second partial derivative of the distortion from the reference wavefront, which is planar or spherical. Applications to measurement of the phase gradient and lens aberration are shown.
A bit-serial device for maximization and sorting (1980)

A simple device for the bit-sequeatial extraction of the maximum of an integer vector is presented. The extension of the method to vector sorting is also examined.
A gyrotron-powered pellet accelerator for tokamak refuelling (2006)

A novel pellet acceleration concept using millimetre microwaves from MW gyrotron sources is presented that could pave the way for high-speed >3 km s−1 inner-wall pellet injection on ITER-class tokamaks. In the proposed concept, the high gas pressure is created by vapourization of a composite 'pusher' medium attached behind the deuterium–tritium (DT) fuel pellet. The pusher medium consists of small micron-sized conducting particles, e.g. Li embedded homogeneously in a D2 ice slug, thus facilitating microwave energy absorption by dissipation of eddy currents flowing within the conducting particles only. Gyrotron power Pgyr can be absorbed continuously in the pusher gas, and therefore the high gas pressure can be sustained behind the pellet while it is being accelerated down the waveguide/launch tube. A scaling law is derived which predicts that a pellet of mass Mp accelerated over a distance L reaches a velocity vp (PgyrL/Mp)1/3, with a hydrodynamic efficiency of 45%.
音响器材的试金石——加拿大两家机构的音质评定(一) (1998)

除了欣赏音 乐,发烧 友们最关心的莫 过于音响器材的 音质,许多人在评定器材之间的音质差异方 面不惜花费大量的精力和时间。然而这些评 定多半是在较为随便的方式下进行,其评定 结果的准确性和可靠性较差,只适合一般爱 好者使用。若要通过试听来设计扬声器或决 定新的数码音频格式采用哪种编码制式为 好,则试听的准确性和可靠性至关重要,采用 上述不正规的试听方法就远远达不到要求。 为了解决这一问题,加拿大的研究人员花了 近30年的时间来研究完善试听方案,以断定 声音重放中哪些缺点可以听见而哪些瑕疵听
Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumor: Morphologic Grading and Survival Time in 83 Dogs (1984)

Eighty-three cutaneous mast cell tumors in the dog were classified morphologically into three grades. The neoplasms were excised surgically, and the dogs were followed for 1500 days. Comparison of morphologic grade of tumor with survival time revealed significant differences among the three groups (p less than 0.00010). Comparison of sex and age (above and below ten years) with morphologic grade of tumor revealed no significant differences.