gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A METHOD OF OBTAINING A LINEAR TIME AXIS FOR A CATHODE RAY OSCILLOGRAPH (1931)

The usefulness of a cathode ray oscillograph tube of the type of the Western Electric No. 224-B is enhanced by any circuit that will provide a linear time axis. A number of methods of accomplishing this result have been described from time to time. One method used in the Bell Telephone Laboratories employs a hot-cathode three-element gas-filled tube in the usual ``sweep'' circuit. This method possesses advantages in reproducibility, ease of control and synchronization. A brief description of the tube is given together with a simple analysis of the behavior of the circuit. Methods of coupling the sweep circuit to the oscillograph tube, of synchronizing the sweep frequency and of improving the linearity are discussed. A complete portable laboratory oscillograph outfit is shown as an illustration of one form that the device may assume. This set is for use within the audible frequency range.
Cleavage and nuclear localization of the rice XA21 immune receptor (2012)

Plants and animals carry specific receptors that recognize invading pathogens and respond by activating an immune response. The rice XA21 receptor confers broad-spectrum immunity to the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae upon recognition of a small protein, Ax21, that is conserved in all Xanthomonas species and related genera. Here we demonstrate that XA21 is cleaved to release the intracellular kinase domain and that this intracellular domain carries a functional nuclear localization sequence. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays indicate that the XA21 intracellular domain interacts with the OsWRKY62 transcriptional regulator exclusively in the nucleus of rice protoplasts. In vivo cleavage of XA21 and translocalization of the intracellular kinase domain to the nucleus is required for the XA21-mediated immune response. These results suggest a new model for immune receptor function: on receptor recognition of conserved microbial signatures, the associated kinase translocates to the nucleus where it directly interacts with transcriptional regulators.
CRISPR/Cas9 targeted CAPTURE of mammalian genomic regions for characterization by NGS (2019)

The robust detection of structural variants in mammalian genomes remains a challenge. It is particularly difficult in the case of genetically unstable Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines with only draft genome assemblies available. We explore the potential of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the targeted capture of genomic loci containing integrated vectors in CHO-K1-based cell lines followed by next generation sequencing (NGS), and compare it to popular target-enrichment sequencing methods and to whole genome sequencing (WGS). Three different CRISPR/Cas9-based techniques were evaluated; all of them allow for amplification-free enrichment of target genomic regions in the range from 5 to 60 fold, and for recovery of ~15 kb-long sequences with no sequencing artifacts introduced. The utility of these protocols has been proven by the identification of transgene integration sites and flanking sequences in three CHO cell lines. The long enriched fragments helped to identify Escherichia coli genome sequences co-integrated with vectors, and were further characterized by Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS). Other advantages of CRISPR/Cas9-based methods are the ease of bioinformatics analysis, potential for multiplexing, and the production of long target templates for real-time sequencing.
Characterization of Solt, a novel SoxLZ/Sox6 binding protein expressed in adult mouse testis (2000)

SoxLZ/Sox6, a member of the Sox protein family, contains a leucine zipper motif in addition to an HMG box, which is its DNA binding domain. Here we have identified a novel SoxLZ/Sox6 binding protein, termed Solt, which we obtained independently using both a far-Western blot and a yeast two-hybrid screen. Like SoxLZ/Sox6 mRNA, Solt mRNA was exclusively expressed in the testis in mouse. Solt contains an unusual leucine zipper, which bound to the leucine zipper region of SoxLZ/Sox6 in vitro. In transient transfection assays in CHO cells with SoxLZ/Sox6 containing the transactivational region of herpes simplex virus VP16, expression of a reporter gene that carries a cis binding region for Sox proteins was significantly enhanced by the co-expression of Solt and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV.
Implementing a scripting language parser with self-extensible syntax (2013)

Today, many developers try to create a new scripting language to provide scripting features to their own application domain. We proposed The DeSugar parser that provides a flexible means of extending the user-defined syntax by scripting. The goal of the DeSugar parser is to make it easier for users to adopt the language syntax to their own application domain. This paper presents Konoha, which is fully integrated with the DeSugar parser, and which allows users to extend its own syntax through the DeSugar parser scripting interfaces.
The Performance of a High Solar Fraction Seasonal Storage District Heating System – Five Years of Operation (2012)

The Drake Landing Solar Community in Okotoks, Alberta, Canada utilizes a solar thermal system with borehole seasonal storage to supply space heating to 52 detached energy-efficient homes through a district heating network. Systems of similar size and configuration have been constructed in Europe, however, this is the first system of this type designed to supply more than 90% of the space heating with solar energy and the first operating in such a cold climate (5200 degree C-days). Solar heat captured in 2293 m2 of flat-plate collectors, mounted on the roofs of detached garages, is stored in soil underground and later when needed for space heating, is extracted and distributed through a district system to each home in the subdivision. Independent solar domestic hot water systems installed on every house are designed to supply more than 50% of the water heating load. Annual greenhouse gas emission reductions from energy efficiency improvements and solar energy supply exceed 5 tonnes per house. The seasonal storage utilizes approximately 34,000 m3 of earth and a grid of 144 boreholes with single u-tube heat exchangers. The system is configured to maintain the centre of the field at the highest temperature to maximize heating capacity and the outer edges at the lowest temperature to minimize losses. A short -term thermal storage consisting of 240 m3 of water is used to interconnect the collection, distribution and seasonal heat storage subsystems. The system has undergone detailed monitoring since it was brought into service in July 2007 to characterize its performance and to improve the TRNSYS model employed in its design. A solar fraction of 97% in its fifth year of operation, convincingly confirms the design target, a solar fraction of more than 90% in year five, has been met. This paper describes the system and its operation, presents 5 years of measured performance and compares those results against the TRNSYS predicted performance for the same period.
On the convergence of a class of estimation of distribution algorithms (2004)

We investigate the global convergence of estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs). In EDAs, the distribution is estimated from a set of selected elements, i.e., the parent set, and then the estimated distribution model is used to generate new elements. In this paper, we prove that: 1) if the distribution of the new elements matches that of the parent set exactly, the algorithms will converge to the global optimum under three widely used selection schemes and 2) a factorized distribution algorithm converges globally under proportional selection.
Kinetic Study of Polyolefin Pyrolysis in a Conical Spouted Bed Reactor (2002)

Kinetic results of polyolefin (polyethylene and polypropylene) pyrolysis obtained in a conical spouted bed reactor are compared with those obtained by thermogravimetry and in a high-heating-rate microreactor. The results are evidence of the good performance of this original reactor for kinetic studies of flash pyrolysis of plastics at high temperatures, which is due to bed isothermicity and to the fast and uniform coating of sand particles with melted plastic and, consequently, to lower limitations of heat and mass transfer. Agglomeration problems are minimum in this reactor, which is due to the good gas−solid contact in the spouted bed and to the vigorous particle movement attained with the conical geometry of the reactor.
Fabrication and performance of mesa interconnect (1996)

This paper explores the decrease in interconnect capacitance that can be achieved by the use of mesa-shaped wires. A methodology for creating mesa interconnect is described that uses simple postprocessing steps following standard CMOS IC foundry processes. By removing the oxide between metal lines and replacing it with air, the fringing capacitance between metal lines and the substrate is reduced as is the capacitance between adjacent metal lines. The decrease in capacitance resulting from the removal of the oxide between metal conductors is predicted using a 2-D electrostatic field solver and verified by measurements on test structures fabricated in an 0.5 /spl mu/m HP CMOS process. Capacitance of mesa interconnect structures was reduced by roughly 40% for these test structures. For circuits dominated by interconnect capacitance, cutting the parasitic capacitance by 40% cuts the power dissipation by 40% and cuts the gate delay by 40%. Therefore the power-delay product is reduced by roughly 65% and the energy-delay product is reduced by roughly 80%. Although many issues must still be addressed to make this form of interconnect practical, the results presented in this paper suggest that the rewards in terms of decreasing capacitance could well be worth investing the effort to solve these issues.
Field-emission light sources for lab-on-a-chip microdevices (2012)

Microfluidic devices called lab-on-a-chips utilize two kinds of characterization of a biosample, which are based on spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric methodologies. Lab-on-a-chips are equipped with an optical instrumentation and a software system that allow detecting of the optical signals and their processing into spectral characteristics.
Detection of Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma with anti -1-Amino- (2011)

Results: For disease detection in the prostate bed, anti -318 F-FACBC had a sensitivity of 89 % (32 of 36 patients; 95% confi dence interval [CI]: 74%, 97%), specifi city of 67% (eight of 12 patients; 95% CI: 35%, 90%), and accuracy of 83% (40 of 48 patients; 95% CI: 70%, 93%). 111 In‐capromab pendetide had a sensitivity of 69% (25 of 36 patients; 95% CI: 52%, 84%), specifi city of 58% (seven of 12 patients; 95% CI: 28%, 85%), and accuracy of 67% (32 of 48 patients; 95% CI: 52%, 80%). In the detection of extraprostatic recurrence, anti -318 F-FACBC had a sensitivity of 100% (10 of 10 patients; 95% CI: 69%, 100%), specifi city of 100% (seven of seven patients; 95% CI: 59%, 100%), and accuracy of 100% (17 of 17 patients; 95% CI: 80%, 100%). 111 In‐capromab pendetide had a sensitivity of 10% (one of 10 patients; 95% CI: 0%, 45%), specifi city of 100% (seven of seven patients; 95% CI: 59%, 100%), and accuracy of 47% (eight of 17 patients; 95% CI: 23%, 72%). Conclusion: anti -318 F-FACBC PET/CT was more sensitive than 111 In‐ capromab pendetide SPECT/CT in the detection of recurrent prostate carcinoma and is highly accurate in the differentiation of prostatic from extraprostatic disease.
Yeast Bim1p Promotes the G1-specific Dynamics of Microtubules (1999)

Microtubule dynamics vary during the cell cycle, and microtubules appear to be more dynamic in vivo than in vitro. Proteins that promote dynamic instability are therefore central to microtubule behavior in living cells. Here, we report that a yeast protein of the highly conserved EB1 family, Bim1p, promotes cytoplasmic microtubule dynamics specifically during G1. During G1, microtubules in cells lacking BIM1 showed reduced dynamicity due to a slower shrinkage rate, fewer rescues and catastrophes, and more time spent in an attenuated/paused state. Human EB1 was identified as an interacting partner for the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor protein. Like human EB1, Bim1p localizes to dots at the distal ends of cytoplasmic microtubules. This localization, together with data from electron microscopy and a synthetic interaction with the gene encoding the kinesin Kar3p, suggests that Bim1p acts at the microtubule plus end. Our in vivo data provide evidence of a cell cycle-specific microtubule-binding protein that promotes microtubule dynamicity.
Scattering of Polarized Laser Light by Water Droplet, Mixed-Phase and Ice Crystal Clouds. Part II: Angular Depolarizing and Multiple-Scattering Behavior (1979)

Light scattering measurements obtained with a polar nephelometer in the planes of polarization both orthogonal and parallel to that of the linearly polarized laser source are used to investigate the angular depolarizing properties of artificial ice, water and mixed-phase clouds in Part II of this report. Although the generation of depolarized energy in water and ice clouds is shown to be accomplished by different scattering mechanisms, angular depolarization patterns for both cloud types display the tendency for linear depolarization ratios (δ, the ratio of orthogonal to parallel polarized signals) to increase with increasing scattering angle. For ice clouds, however, the δ values are typically an order of magnitude or more greater than the values for water clouds as a consequence of cloud particle shape effects. Angular depolarization measurements of mixed-phase clouds are shown to possess the potential for determining a measure of cloud ice-water balance by means of bistatic remote sensing observations. Moreover, the backscattering characteristics of water and ice clouds have been examined with the aid of observations performed at a scattering angle of 175° for application to monostatic lidar studies.
Solutions to Raman-scattering equations in the presence of multiple equivalent incoherent multiaxial-mode laser beams (1986)

Forward-stimulated Raman scattering can be used to combine multiple broadband pump beams into a single coherent Stokes wave. In this paper, previously derived equations of motion for the Stokes electric field, in the presence of multiple pump waves propagating at slightly different angles with respect to the Stokes propagation direction, are extended and solved for the case of N equivalent overlapping spectrally incoherent pump waves. It is shown that the Raman gain for incoherent beam combining is determined by the gain of an individual pump wave and the maximum average conversion efficiency is only 1/N. The solution form also is applicable for pumping with fully coherent pump waves.
Image-guided ultrasound phased arrays are a disruptive technology for non-invasive therapy (2016)

Focused ultrasound offers a non-invasive way of depositing acoustic energy deep into the body, which can be harnessed for a broad spectrum of therapeutic purposes, including tissue ablation, the targeting of therapeutic agents, and stem cell delivery. Phased array transducers enable electronic control over the beam geometry and direction, and can be tailored to provide optimal energy deposition patterns for a given therapeutic application. Their use in combination with modern medical imaging for therapy guidance allows precise targeting, online monitoring, and post-treatment evaluation of the ultrasound-mediated bioeffects. In the past there have been some technical obstacles hindering the construction of large aperture, high-power, densely-populated phased arrays and, as a result, they have not been fully exploited for therapy delivery to date. However, recent research has made the construction of such arrays feasible, and it is expected that their continued development will both greatly improve the safety and efficacy of existing ultrasound therapies as well as enable treatments that are not currently possible with existing technology. This review will summarize the basic principles, current statures, and future potential of image-guided ultrasound phased arrays for therapy.
Bottleneck analysis for data acquisition in high-speed network traffic monitoring (2014)

The increasing network throughput challenges the current network traffic monitor systems to have compatible high-performance data processing. The design of packet processing systems is guided by the requirements of high packet processing throughput. In this paper, we depict an in-depth research on the related techniques and an implementation of a high-performance data acquisition mechanism. Through the bottleneck analysis with the aid of queuing network model, several performance optimising methods, such as service rate increasing, queue removing and model simplification, are integrated. The experiment results indicate that this approach is capable of reducing the CPU utilization ratio while improving the efficiency of data acquisition in high-speed networks.
Purification and characterization of the extracellular amylases of the yeast <i>Schwanniomyces alluvius</i> (1984)

The extracellular amylolytic system of a strain of the yeast Schwanniomyces alluvius consists of an α-amylase, a glucoamylase, and probably a debranching enzyme. Crude enzyme preparations were obtained by fractionation of the culture fluid, at the stationary phase of growth, with isopropanol. Purification was carried out by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The glucoamylase had the following properties: molecular weight (MW), 117 000 ± 2300; optimum temperature, 50 °C; optimum pH, 4.5; range of pH stability, pH 4–6; final product of starch hydrolysis, glucose; ΔH ≠ and ΔS ≠ of heat inactivation, 39747 cal∙mol −1 and 274.3 cal∙deg −1 ∙mo −1 ; K m (30 °C, pH 4.5) for soluble starch, 22.22 g∙L −1 . The α-amylase had the following properties: MW, 62 000 ± 500; optimum temperature, 40 °C; optimum pH, 6.3; range of pH stability, pH 4–7; final product of starch hydrolysis, maltose and glucose; ΔH ≠ and ΔS ≠ of heat inactivation, 36594 cal∙mol −1 and 256.9 cal∙deg −1 mol −1 ; K m (40 °C, pH 5.5), 2.7 g∙L −1 .
Evaluation of monitoring tools for cloud computing environments (2012)

Among the advances that the world of distributed computing has had, one must take into account the emergence of new paradigms such as Cloud Computing. The Cloud Computing Model integrates and offers to users several computational resources as a service, on demand. The Cloud model is supported by technologies such as Grid Computing, virtualization and Web 2.0. The monitoring is a very complex issue in this model, due to the particular characteristics of supporting platform. Furthermore, research in this topic has been rather poor. Our research work focuses on Monitoring in Cloud Computing platforms, particularly in private and hybrid. Part of the work presented in this article has been done within the context of the OPTIMIS and BonFIRE projects. The goal of this work is to evaluate existing monitoring tools that can be used in Cloud environments and subsequently included in the monitoring component of the projects.
Le « Don Suisse », Rapport general, 1944–1948. Office central du Don Suisse, Berne, 1949. — In-8 (230×170), 251 pages. (1950)

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Transcriptional fidelities of human mitochondrial POLRMT, yeast mitochondrial Rpo41, and phage T7 single-subunit RNA polymerases (2017)

Single-subunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs) are present in phage T7 and in mitochondria of all eukaryotes. This RNAP class plays important roles in biotechnology and cellular energy production, but we know little about its fidelity and error rates. Herein, we report the error rates of three single-subunit RNAPs measured from the catalytic efficiencies of correct and all possible incorrect nucleotides. The average error rates of T7 RNAP (2 × 10<sup>-6</sup>), yeast mitochondrial Rpo41 (6 × 10<sup>-6</sup>), and human mitochondrial POLRMT (RNA polymerase mitochondrial) (2 × 10<sup>-5</sup>) indicate high accuracy/fidelity of RNA synthesis resembling those of replicative DNA polymerases. All three RNAPs exhibit a distinctly high propensity for GTP misincorporation opposite dT, predicting frequent A→G errors in RNA with rates of ∼10<sup>-4</sup> The A→C, G→A, A→U, C→U, G→U, U→C, and U→G errors mostly due to pyrimidine-purine mismatches were relatively frequent (10<sup>-5</sup>-10<sup>-6</sup>), whereas C→G, U→A, G→C, and C→A errors from purine-purine and pyrimidine-pyrimidine mismatches were rare (10<sup>-7</sup>-10<sup>-10</sup>). POLRMT also shows a high C→A error rate on 8-oxo-dG templates (∼10<sup>-4</sup>). Strikingly, POLRMT shows a high mutagenic bypass rate, which is exacerbated by TEFM (transcription elongation factor mitochondrial). The lifetime of POLRMT on terminally mismatched elongation substrate is increased in the presence of TEFM, which allows POLRMT to efficiently bypass the error and continue with transcription. This investigation of nucleotide selectivity on normal and oxidatively damaged DNA by three single-subunit RNAPs provides the basic information to understand the error rates in mitochondria and, in the case of T7 RNAP, to assess the quality of <i>in vitro</i> transcribed RNAs.
Luminescent properties of Al2O3:Tb thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis (2000)

Optical, structural and morphological characteristics of terbium doped aluminum oxide thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique have been studied as the function the deposition parameters such as substrate temperature and dopant concentration. The spraying solution is prepared by mixing dimetylformamide with an aluminum acetylacetonate. Tbdoping is achieved by adding to the solution the acetylacetonate in different concentrations. In relation to the optical characteristics (Photoluminescence and Cathodoluminescence) of the films, characteristic emissions associated with radiative transitions between the terbium electronic energy levels, have been observed. The overall spectra observed consist of several peaks associated with such transitions showing a green light emission. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the films were amorphous and Atomic Force Microscopy measurements have allowed to observe that the surface of the films is flat in general
The p53/p21 <sup>WAF/CIP</sup> Pathway Mediates Oxidative Stress and Senescence in Dyskeratosis Congenita Cells with Telomerase Insufficiency (2010)

Telomere attrition is a natural process that occurs due to inadequate telomere maintenance. Once at a critically short threshold, telomeres signal growth arrest, leading to senescence. Telomeres can be elongated by the enzyme telomerase, which adds de novo telomere repeats to the ends of chromosomes. Mutations in genes for telomere binding proteins or components of telomerase give rise to the premature aging disorder dyskeratosis congenita (DC), which is characterized by extremely short telomeres and an aging phenotype. The current study demonstrates that DC cells signal a DNA damage response through p53 and its downstream mediator, p21(WAF/CIP), which is accompanied by an elevation in steady-state levels of superoxide and percent glutathione disulfide, both indicators of oxidative stress. Poor proliferation of DC cells can be partially overcome by reducing O(2) tension from 21% to 4%. Further, restoring telomerase activity or inhibiting p53 or p21(WAF/CIP) significantly mitigated growth inhibition as well as caused a significant decrease in steady-state levels of superoxide. Our results support a model in which telomerase insufficiency in DC leads to p21(WAF/CIP) signaling, via p53, to cause increased steady-state levels of superoxide, metabolic oxidative stress, and senescence.
Respiratory care practitioners as secondary providers of endotracheal intubation: one hospital's experience. (1994)

This training program has successfully provided support for endotracheal intubation procedures, sparing the anesthesiology staff and expanding the role of RCPs in our hospital.