gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Typology of Modes of Thought (1990)

The exploration of the regularity in subjects of cognition among the various typologies of modes of thought has always been a weak link in Marxist theoretical studies. In a letter to Franz Mehring on July 14, 1896, Engels admitted: "One more point has been omitted. And it is a point that is indeed insufficiently emphasized in Marx's writings and my own; in this area both of us are equally at fault. That is to say, to start with, we put the focus on exploring economic realities which we have taken to be the foundation, and from this exploration we have derived political, legal, and other intellectual concepts, as well as actions that are governed and to be governed by these concepts. At the time, I may add, that is what should be done, and had to be done. However, in doing so, we have, for the sake of content, sacrificed form, i.e., in what form and by what methods were these concepts produced."1
Combining EEG and eye tracking: identification, characterization, and correction of eye movement artifacts in electroencephalographic data (2012)

Eye movements introduce large artifacts to electroencephalographic recordings (EEG) and thus render data analysis difficult or even impossible. Trials contaminated by eye movement and blink artifacts have to be discarded, hence in standard EEG-paradigms subjects are required to fixate on the screen. To overcome this restriction, several correction methods including regression and blind source separation have been proposed. Yet, there is no automated standard procedure established. By simultaneously recording eye movements and 64-channel-EEG during a guided eye movement paradigm, we investigate and review the properties of eye movement artifacts, including corneo-retinal dipole changes, saccadic spike potentials and eyelid artifacts, and study their interrelations during different types of eye- and eyelid movements. In concordance with earlier studies our results confirm that these artifacts arise from different independent sources and that depending on electrode site, gaze direction, and choice of reference these sources contribute differently to the measured signal. We assess the respective implications for artifact correction methods and therefore compare the performance of two prominent approaches, namely linear regression and independent component analysis (ICA). We show and discuss that due to the independence of eye artifact sources, regression-based correction methods inevitably over- or under-correct individual artifact components, while ICA is in principle suited to address such mixtures of different types of artifacts. Finally, we propose an algorithm, which uses eye tracker information to objectively identify eye-artifact related ICA-components (ICs) in an automated manner. In the data presented here, the algorithm performed very similar to human experts when those were given both, the topographies of the ICs and their respective activations in a large amount of trials. Moreover it performed more reliable and almost twice as effective than human experts when those had to base their decision on IC topographies only. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated an optimal balance of false positive and false negative at an area under curve (AUC) of more than 0.99. Removing the automatically detected ICs from the data resulted in removal or substantial suppression of ocular artifacts including microsaccadic spike potentials, while the relevant neural signal remained unaffected. In conclusion the present work aims at a better understanding of individual eye movement artifacts, their interrelations and the respective implications for eye artifact correction. Additionally, the proposed ICA-procedure provides a tool for optimized detection and correction of eye movement-related artifact components.
Chemical removal of organic sulfur from coal (1980)

The removal of nearly three-quarters of the organic sulfur content from a high sulfur coal has been demonstrated. Further development of these techniques can be expected to result in even more complete sulfur removal through adjustment of reaction conditions. The pyrite content of coal inhibits the efficient extraction of organic sulfur. Air pollution control standards for coal combustion for power generation can be met using the Gravimelt Processes. Extraction of float coal with KOH/NaOH melt resulted in a product coal containing an average of 0.9 lb SO/sub 2//10/sup 6/ Btu resulting in an 86% reduction in sulfur from run-of-mile. Treatment of the sink coal for pyrite removal reduces the sulfur content to 4 lb SO/sub 2//10/sup 6/ Btu. The pyrite removal step could be accomplished with a Fe/sub 2/(SO/sub 4/)/sub 3/ leach or by the US Department of Energy Oxydesulfurization Processes. The treated float coal meets many proposed and the currently implemented Standards for New Stationary Sources, while the treated sink coal meets some State Implementation Standards for existing stationary sources.
Hybrid Machine Learning for Complex Systems: Algorithm and Architecture to Couple Model-Based and Data-Driven Learning (2018)

Presented on November 2, 2018 at 2:30 p.m. in the Klaus Advanced Computing Building, Room 1116 East/West, Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech)
Face and landmark detection by using cascade of classifiers (2013)

In this paper, we consider face detection along with facial landmark localization inspired by the recent studies showing that incorporating object parts improves the detection accuracy. To this end, we train roots and parts detectors where the roots detector returns candidate image regions that cover the entire face, and the parts detector searches for the landmark locations within the candidate region. We use a cascade of binary and one-class type classifiers for the roots detection and SVM like learning algorithm for the parts detection. Our proposed face detector outperforms the most of the successful face detection algorithms in the literature and gives the second best result on all tested challenging face detection databases. Experimental results show that including parts improves the detection performance when face images are large and the details of eyes and mouth are clearly visible, but does not introduce any improvement when the images are small.
Parallel architectures: Cache memories for dataflow systems (1996)

Cache memory — so effective in traditional control-flow architecture — has the potential to enhance dataflow system performance as well. The authors explore the recent trend in combining dataflow and control-flow processing, which offers new alternatives in computer architecture design, and analyze cache memory's application to the dataflow environment.
Carbon Nanotube Based Humidity Sensor on Cellulose Paper (2012)

A humidity sensor on cellulose paper is demonstrated using single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxylic acid. The conductance shift of the nanotube network entangled on the microfibril cellulose is utilized for the humidity sensing. Compared to the control sensor made on a glass substrate, the cellulose-mediated charge transport on the paper substrate enhances the sensitivity. The sensor response exhibits linear behavior up to a relative humidity of 75% with good repeatability and low hysteresis. A simple circuit model is used to explain the sensor results. This approach is a step toward future paper electronics for low-cost disposable applications.
Designing ECG-based physical unclonable function for security of wearable devices (2017)

As a plethora of wearable devices are being introduced, significant concerns exist on the privacy and security of personal data stored on these devices. Expanding on recent works of using electrocardiogram (ECG) as a modality for biometric authentication, in this work, we investigate the possibility of using personal ECG signals as the individually unique source for physical unclonable function (PUF), which eventually can be used as the key for encryption and decryption engines. We present new signal processing and machine learning algorithms that learn and extract maximally different ECG features for different individuals and minimally different ECG features for the same individual over time. Experimental results with a large 741-subject in-house ECG database show that the distributions of the intra-subject (same person) Hamming distance of extracted ECG features and the inter-subject Hamming distance have minimal overlap. 256-b random numbers generated from the ECG features of 648 (out of 741) subjects pass the NIST randomness tests.
26.5 Terahertz electrically triggered RF switch on epitaxial VO2-on-Sapphire (VOS) wafer (2015)

An electrically triggered VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> RF switch with a record switching cut off frequency (F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CO</sub> ) of 26.5THz was demonstrated. The switch exhibits an isolation better than 35dB and a low 0.5dB insertion loss up-to 50GHz. The switch features a highly linear response with 1-dB compression point (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">idB</sub> ) better than 12dBm and output third-order intercept point (OIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) better than 44dBm. The fast insulator to metal-transition (IMT) of the VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> enables the switch to have an electrical-turn on delay of less than 25ns.
Multilinear Relationships between Coordinates of Corresponding Image Points and Lines (2001)

Salvianic acid A (SAA) is the main hydrophilic active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, which has long been used to treat liver and heart disease in China. In the present study, we investigated the radioprotective effects of SAA against γ-radiation-induced apoptosis in cultured human embryo liver L-02 cells. The results demonstrated that SAA markedly inhibited γ-radiation induced apoptosis, decreased DNA damage, and increased the intracellular antioxidative ability of the L-02 cells. SAA exhibited radioprotection by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species, inhibiting the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C, blocking the activation of caspase-3, and down regulating the expression of Bax and P53 and up regulating the expression of Bcl-2. This indicated that SAA pretreatment inhibited the caspase-dependent mitochondria apoptosis pathway. The radioprotection of the SAA pretreatment was also evidenced by an increased survival ratio, maintaining the antioxidant enzyme levels in the liver, inhibition of oxidative stress, and relative low liver and renal toxicity compared with estriol exposure. In conclusion, SAA may be an effective radioprotector against γ-radiation induced apoptosis in L-02 cells and damage in mice, the antioxidant potency of SAA might be correlated with the beneficial radioprotectant effects observed.
Evaluating conduction loss of a parallel IGBT-MOSFET combination (2004)

A variety of power devices are available to designers, each with specific advantages and limitations. For inverters, typically an IGBT combined with a p-i-n diode is used to obtain high current density. Recent developments in high-voltage MOSFETs support other alternatives. For example, a MOSFET can be paralleled with an IGBT to reduce losses at low currents, while the IGBT carries the load at high currents. The current work evaluates conduction losses in this configuration, showing applicability to generic inverters.
Dehydrogenation of heterohelicenes by a Scholl type reaction. Dehydrohelicenes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDehydrogenation of heterohelicenes by a Scholl type reaction. DehydrohelicenesJ. H. Dopper, D. Oudman, and Hans WynbergCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 23, 3398–3401Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00911a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00911a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views733Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CI study of geometrical relaxation in the ground and excited singlet and triplet states of unprotonated Schiff bases: allylidenimine and formaldimine (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCI study of geometrical relaxation in the ground and excited singlet and triplet states of unprotonated Schiff bases: allylidenimine and formaldimineV. Bonacic-Koutecky and M. PersicoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 11, 3388–3395Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00349a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00349a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Crystal Optics: Properties and Applications (2019)

Reviews the properties and applications of photo-elastic, acousto-optic, magneto-optic, electro-optic, and photorefractive materials This book deals with the basic physical properties and applications of photo-elastic, acousto-optic, magneto-optic, electro-optic, and photorefractive materials. It also provides up-to-date information on the design and applications of various optoelectronic devices based on these materials. The first chapter of Crystal Optics: Properties and Applications covers the basic concepts of crystal optics, such as index ellipsoid or optical indicatrix, crystal symmetry, wave surface, birefringence, and the polarization of light. Chapter 2 reviews the physical phenomena of crystal optics in isotropic and crystalline materials. It describes in detail research information on modern photoelastic materials and reviews the up-to-date photoelastic device applications.
570. Compounds of potential pharmacological interest. Part IV. Aryl and alkyl derivatives of 1-aminoindane (1956)

J. A. Barltrop, R. M. Acheson, P. G. Philpott, K. E. MacPhee and J. S. Hunt, J. Chem. Soc., 1956, 2928 DOI: 10.1039/JR9560002928
Speedups and Energy Savings of Microprocessor Platforms with a Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Data-Path (2007)

This paper presents the performance improvements and the energy reductions by coupling a high-performance coarse-grained reconfigurable data-path with a microprocessor in a generic platform. The datapath has been previously introduced by the authors. It is composed by computational units able to realize complex operations which aid in improving the performance of time critical application parts, called kernels. A design flow is proposed for mapping high-level software descriptions to the microprocessor system. Eight real-life applications are mapped on three different instances of the system. Significant overall application speedups, relative to a software-only solution, ranging from 1.74 to 3.94 are reported being close to theoretical speedup bounds. Average energy savings of 59% are achieved, while the reduction in the system energy-delay product ranges from 66% to 92%.
Signaling requirements and role of salicylic acid in <i>HRT</i>‐ and <i>rrt</i>‐mediated resistance to turnip crinkle virus in Arabidopsis (2004)

Inoculation of turnip crinkle virus (TCV) on the resistant Arabidopsis ecotype Di-17 elicits a hypersensitive response (HR), which is accompanied by increased expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Previous genetic analyses revealed that the HR to TCV is conferred by HRT, which encodes a coiled-coil (CC), nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) class resistance (R) protein. In contrast to the HR, resistance to TCV requires both HRT and a recessive allele at a second locus designated rrt. Here, we demonstrate that unlike most CC-NBS-LRR R genes, HRT/rrt-mediated resistance is dependent on EDS1 and independent of NDR1. Resistance is also independent of RAR1 and SGT1. HRT/rrt-mediated resistance is compromised in plants with reduced salicylic acid (SA) content as a consequence of mutations eds5, pad4, or sid2. By contrast, HR is not affected by mutations in eds1, eds5, pad4, sid2, ndr1, rar1, or sgt1b. Resistance to TCV is restored in both SA-deficient Di-17 plants expressing the nahG transgene and mutants containing the eds1, eds5, or sid2 mutations by exogenous application of SA or the SA analog benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid (BTH). In contrast, SA/BTH treatment failed to enhance resistance in HRT pad4, Col-0, or hrt homozygous progeny of a cross between Di-17 and Col-0. Thus, HRT and PAD4 are required for SA-induced resistance. Exogenously supplied SA or high endogenous levels of SA, due to the ssi2 mutation, overcame the suppressive effects of RRT and enhanced resistance to TCV, provided the HRT allele was present. High levels of SA upregulate HRT expression via a PAD4-dependent pathway. As Col-0 transgenic lines expressing high levels of HRT were resistant to TCV, but lines expressing moderate to low levels of HRT were not, we conclude that SA enhances resistance in the RRT background by upregulating HRT expression. These data suggest that the HRT-TCV interaction is unable to generate sufficient amounts of SA required for a stable resistance phenotype, and the presence of rrt possibly corrects this deficiency.
Atomically Thin Group V Elemental Films: Theoretical Investigations of Antimonene Allotropes (2015)

Group V elemental monolayers including phosphorene are emerging as promising 2D materials with semiconducting electronic properties. Here, we present the results of first-principles calculations on stability, mechanical and electronic properties of 2D antimony (Sb), antimonene. Our calculations show that free-standing α and β allotropes of antimonene are stable and semiconducting. The α-Sb has a puckered structure with two atomic sublayers and β-Sb has a buckled hexagonal lattice. The calculated Raman spectra and STM images have distinct features thus facilitating characterization of both allotropes. The β-Sb has nearly isotropic mechanical properties, whereas α-Sb shows strongly anisotropic characteristics. An indirect-direct band gap transition is expected with moderate tensile strains applied to the monolayers, which opens up the possibility of their applications in optoelectronics.
What Has Been Done (2008)

Abstract This brief chapter summarizes what has been achieved in the previous three chapters, and compares the results to the internal Kleene-based Kripke theory, and also to the attempt to get a naïve truth theory for continuum-valued semantics.
Dynamic Measurements of Polymer Physical Properties (1949)

Dynamic methods for measuring the elastic and dissipative properties of high polymers in fiber and film form over four decades of frequency (3 to 30,000 cycles per second) are described. The experimental quantities resulting from the three different techniques necessary to cover this range are unified by deriving in each case the parameters of an equivalent Voigt Model (elastic and viscous element in parallel) which would behave in the same way as the polymer sample. Examples of the application of these techniques to the characterization of high polymers are given. The effect of frequency and chemical and physical structure on the derived parameters are discussed, along with the question of heat losses resulting from cyclical differential deformation. In addition, the application of two of the methods to the characterization of the stiffness-temperature behavior of high polymers is described.
Dielectric function model for <i>p</i>-type semiconductor inter-valence band transitions (2011)

The contributions of inter-valence band (IVB) transitions to the dielectric function (DF) by free holes among the split-off (so), light-hole (lh) and heavy-hole (hh) bands were investigated. A model was developed to determine the DF of two p-type semiconductors, GaAs and Ge1−ySny with the Zinc-blend and Diamond crystal structures, respectively. The IVB transitions dominate the spectral range between 0.1–1eV with respect to the spin-orbit splittings between so-hh and lh-hh bands. In conjunction with inter-band transitions, free-carrier and lattice absorption, a complete DF model allows the determination of optical constants with improved accuracy in the spectral range covering both ultraviolet and infrared regions. The model should be applicable to most of the group III-V and IV materials since their valence band structures resemble the ones under investigation.
Bioinspired Cocatalysts Decorated WO<sub>3</sub> Nanotube Toward Unparalleled Hydrogen Sulfide Chemiresistor (2018)

Herein, we incorporated dual biotemplates, i.e., cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and apoferritin, into electrospinning solution to achieve three distinct benefits, i.e., (i) facile synthesis of a WO<sub>3</sub> nanotube by utilizing the self-agglomerating nature of CNC in the core of as-spun nanofibers, (ii) effective sensitization by partial phase transition from WO<sub>3</sub> to Na<sub>2</sub>W<sub>4</sub>O<sub>13</sub> induced by interaction between sodium-doped CNC and WO<sub>3</sub> during calcination, and (iii) uniform functionalization with monodispersive apoferritin-derived Pt catalytic nanoparticles (2.22 ± 0.42 nm). Interestingly, the sensitization effect of Na<sub>2</sub>W<sub>4</sub>O<sub>13</sub> on WO<sub>3</sub> resulted in highly selective H<sub>2</sub>S sensing characteristics against seven different interfering molecules. Furthermore, synergistic effects with a bioinspired Pt catalyst induced a remarkably enhanced H<sub>2</sub>S response ( R<sub>air</sub>/ R<sub>gas</sub> = 203.5), unparalleled selectivity ( R<sub>air</sub>/ R<sub>gas</sub> < 1.3 for the interfering molecules), and rapid response (<10 s)/recovery (<30 s) time at 1 ppm of H<sub>2</sub>S under 95% relative humidity level. This work paves the way for a new class of cosensitization routes to overcome critical shortcomings of SMO-based chemical sensors, thus providing a potential platform for diagnosis of halitosis.