gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Dual-Rod Slider Rocker Mechanism and Its Applications to Tristate Rigid Active Docking (2013)

The dual-rod slider rocker mechanism is equivalent to two traditional single-rod sliders that share a common rocker, where the sliders translate along two opposite directions. Unlike a single-rod system, the dual-rod mechanism is unique, in the sense that the two sliders do not translate the same distance for the same rocker rotation. In this paper, an optimal kinematic and dynamic analysis of the dual-rod slider rocker mechanism is presented. This analysis is supplemented by an application to modular robotic coupling, in which the mechanism is employed by a torque recirculation scheme to enable three independent modes of operation via a single motor. Simulation, finite element analysis, and experimental results validate the kinematic properties of this mechanism, the rigidity of the proposed docking interface, and its three modes of operation. We conclude that the compactness of the dual-rod mechanism, and its unique kinematic properties, exhibits a broad industrial value for applications where size and weight are a critical design constraint, such as space and mobile robotics.
Tanks Need a Little TLC (2012)

An abandoned, deteriorated tank illustrates the value of regular maintenance and professional inspections.
Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Linear and Zig‐zag 1D Coordination Polymers with Schiff‐base N,N′‐Type Ligands (2007)

Abstract Assembly of the Schiff‐base ligands 1,4‐bis(3‐pyridyl)2,3‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene ( N3Py ) and 1,4‐bis(4‐pyridyl)‐2,3‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene ( N4Py ) with different transition metal salts afforded four zig‐zag and two linear one‐dimensional (1D) chain coordination polymers, namely {[Hg( N3Py )Cl 2 ]·CHCl 3 } n ( 1 ), [Hg( N3Py )I 2 ] n ( 2 ), [Hg( N4Py )I 2 ] n ( 3 ), {[Zn( N3Py )(NO 3 ) 2 H 2 O]·H 2 O} n ( 4 ), {[Ag 2 ( N3Py ) 2 ]·(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 } n ( 5 ) and {[Zn( N4Py )]·(C 7 H 7 SO 3 ) 2 · (C 2 H 5 OH) 2 ] n ( 6 ). These polymeric structures have been characterized by the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, FT‐IR and X‐ray powder diffraction measurements. The crystal packing fashions of these 1D chains have been analyzed, which indicates that the difference of the ligands and counter anions could significantly affect the stacking modes of these 1D chains in the crystal lattice, thus resulting in different hosting behaviors of the solvated molecules and anions. The thermal stability of complexes 1 and 6 was investigated by thermogravimetric measurements. The solid‐state phase purity has been checked by X‐ray powder diffraction measurements.
Biexciton, single carrier, and trion generation dynamics in single-walled carbon nanotubes (2013)

We present a study of free carrier photogeneration and multicarrier bound states, such as biexcitons and trions (charged excitons), in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. Pump-and-probe measurements performed with fs pulses reveal the effects of strong Coulomb interactions between carriers on their dynamics. Biexciton formation by optical transition from exciton population results in an induced absorption line (binding energy 130 meV). Exciton-exciton annihilation process is shown to evolve at high densities towards an Auger process that can expel carriers from nanotubes. The remaining carriers give rise to an induced absorption due to trion formation (binding energy 190 meV). These features show the dynamics of exciton and free carriers populations.
REVERSIBLE OSMOTIC OPENING OF THE BLOOD‐BRAIN BARRIER Prevention of Tissue Damage with Filtration of the Perfusate (1982)

Histological and fluoromicroscopical studies were performed in order to obtain information about reversibility and associated tissue damage of an osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier. Three ml of 1.4 M mannitol solution were perfused through the right carotid artery of a rat, and the opening of the blood-brain barrier was examined by using EVans blue as a tracer. The barrier was opened for 60-120 minutes and then reestablished without gross neurological defect. Microscopically, however, edematous change and microinfarcts were often observed, which might be due to microembolism of recrystallized mannitol. With filtration of the perfusate through a millipore filter, the blood-brain barrier was reversibly opened without any tissue damages. This could be a useful therapeutic technique and an experimental model for neurotoxicology.
An Investigation of the Cubic-Hexagonal Transition in Barium Titanate (1960)

Normal perovskite-type barium titanate may be converted to the hexagonal polymorph by firing in a hydrogen atmosphere at 1330°C, 130° lower than that previously reported for firing in air. With suitable additives such as MnCO3 the conversion begins at temperatures as low as 1100°C. Conversion is inhibited by a number of impurities, especially Si, Fe and Sr, such as are present in barium titanate of commercial quality.
Biosynthesis of Tyvelose (1966)

Abstract Crude extracts of Salmonella typhi catalyze the conversion of cytidine diphosphate d-glucose to CDP-tyvelose. Two intermediates in this reaction sequence have been identified as CDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose and CDP-paratose. The enzyme catalyzing the conversion of CDP-d-glucose to CDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose (CDP-d-glucose oxidoreductase) has been purified approximately 50-fold from these extracts, and its properties have been studied. The product of the reaction, CDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose, was characterized by chemical reduction. Mild acid hydrolysis of the reduced nucleotide yielded two 6-deoxyhexoses which were identified as d-fucose (6-deoxygalactose) and 6-deoxy-d-glucose by chromatographic, chemical, and enzymatic methods CDP-d-glucose oxidoreductase has been shown to require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The enzyme was not activated by NADP+. However, the over-all reaction from CDP-d-glucose to CDP-tyvelose has been shown to require NADPH, indicating that this cofactor is involved at a later step in the reaction sequence.
Passage of VIP / PACAP / Secretin Family Across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Therapeutic Effects (2004)

In recent years, VIP/PACAP/secretin family has special interest. Family members are vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), secretin, glucagon, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP(1)), GLP(2), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH or GRF), and peptide histidine methionine (PHM). Most of the family members present both in central nervous system (CNS) and in various peripheral tissues. The family members that are released into blood from periphery, especially gut, circulate the brain and they can cross the blood brain barrier. On the other hand, some of the members of this family that present in the brain, can cross from brain to blood and reach the peripheral targets. VIP, secretin, GLP(1), and PACAP 27 are transported into the brain by transmembrane diffusion, a non-saturable mechanism. However, uptake of PACAP 38 into the brain is saturable mechanism. While there is no report for the passage of GIP, GLP(2), and PHM, there is only one report that shows, glucagon and GHRH can cross the BBB. The passage of VIP/PACAP/secretin family members opens up new horizon for understanding of CNS effects of peripherally administrated peptides. There is much hope that those peptides may prove to be useful in the treatment of serious neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, AIDS related neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, autism, stroke and nerve injury. Their benefits in various pathophysiologic conditions undoubtly motivate the development of a novel drug design for future therapeutics.
Integration of rate and credit schemes for ATM flow control (1995)

The authors make the case in favor of an integrated approach to ATM flow control. They contend that both rate and credit schemes have advantages and disadvantages, and that to a large extent they can be viewed as complementary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The preferred conformation of oligosaccharides in solution inferred from high resolution NMR data and hard sphere exo-anomeric calculations (1983)

Abstract
Effects of the endocannabinoid transport inhibitors AM404 and UCM707 on diabetic neuropathy in rats (2009)

1. Diabetic rats display increased pain responses following injection of formalin into the paw, suggesting the presence of hyperalgesia. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of the systemic administration of the endocannabinoid transport inhibitors UCM707 and AM404 (1, 10 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) on hyperalgesia during the formalin test in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. 2. Nociceptive testing was performed in male adult Wistar rats 4 weeks after the onset of hyperglycaemia. At the end of the experiment, all rats were weighed and then underwent plasma glucose measurements. 3. Diabetes caused significant hyperalgesia during both phases of the formalin test. At 10 and 50 mg/kg, both UCM707 and AM404 reversed chemical hyperalgesia in diabetic rats. UCM707 (10 and 50 mg/kg) caused less intensive nociceptive behaviour during both phases of the test, whereas AM404 (10 and 50 mg/kg) only affected pain scores during Phase 1 of the formalin test. At 1 mg, neither drug had any effect on pain behaviour in control and diabetic groups compared with their respective controls. Neither UCM707 nor AM404 had any effect on bodyweight or plasma glucose levels of treated compared with non-treated rats at any of the doses tested. 4. The results of the present study indicate that systemic administration of UCM707 and AM404 is effective in ameliorating chemical hyperalgesia in STZ-diabetic rats. Thus, endocannabinoid transport inhibitors may have potential in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.
<i>ABCB6</i> , <i>ABCB1</i> and <i>ABCG1</i> Genetic Polymorphisms and Antidepressant Response of SSRIs in Chinese Depressive Patients (2013)

Our results suggest that ABCB1 polymorphisms might be associated with SSRIs treatment response in the Chinese Han population.
Serum antibodies to oral anaerobic bacteria in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (2005)

The antibodies formed against P gingivalis, P intermedia, P melaninogenica, and B forsythus could be important to the etiopathogenesis of RA.
The Human Amyloid-β Precursor Protein770 Mutation V717F Generates Peptides Longer Than Amyloid-β-(40-42) and Flocculent Amyloid Aggregates (2004)

One of the familial forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) encodes the amyloid-beta precursor protein (AbetaPP) substitution mutation V717F. This mutation is relevant to AD research, since it has been utilized to generate transgenic mice models to study AD pathology and therapeutic interventions. Amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides were obtained from the cerebral tissue of three familial AD subjects carrying the AbetaPP V717F mutation. A combination of ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, tryptic and cyanogen bromide hydrolysis, amino acid analysis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry was used to characterize the familial AD mutant Abeta peptides. The AbetaPP V717F mutation, located 4-6 residues beyond the wild-type AbetaPP gamma-secretase cleavage site, yielded longer Abeta peptides with C termini between residues 43 and 54. In the cerebral cortex these peptides aggregated into thin water- and SDS-insoluble amyloid bundles that condensed into flocculent spherical plaques. In the leptomeningeal arteries the amyloid was deposited in moderate amounts and was primarily composed of the shorter and more soluble Abeta species ending at residues 40, 42, and 44. The single V717F mutation in AbetaPP results in distinctive and drastic changes in the length and tertiary structure of Abeta peptides, which appear to be responsible for the earlier clinical manifestations of dementia and death of these patients.
급냉분말야금법으로 제조한 Al - Fe - V - Si - Ti - W 합금의 고온크립거동 (1995)

The elevated temperature creep properties and microstructural stability of RS/PM Al-10Fe-1.3V-2Si-1Ti-1W(wt.%) alloy have been investigated. The alloy showed high stress exponent of 12 to 18 and activation energy of 237 to 808 kJ/㏖, which was strongly dependent on the temperature and stress. The unusual creep behavior of the dispersion strengthened alloys cannot be described satisfactorily by current creep laws, Recently, Ro¨sler and Arzt proposed a new model assuming thermally activated dislocation detachment from dispersoids exerting an attractive force. In the present study, experimental evidence was achieved for the presence of attractive interaction between the dislocation and the dispersoids using TEM observations. The creep behavior of the alloy was analyzed using the model proposed by Ro¨sler and Arzt, and the experimental data were consistent with the prediction based on the model. It has been confirmed that the high temperature deformation of the alloy was dominated by the dislocation creep at the temperature range of 400 to 480℃, but the diffusional creep at the interface between powders also contributed to the deformation above 430℃.
Seismic apparition dealiasing using directionality regularization (2016)

Seismic apparition is a technology for decoding simultaneously source acquisition where a periodic or aperiodic filter is applied to the different sources in a way that they can be distinguished by means of aliasing effects. In the case of dense sampling on the source side, this allows for direct separation of the sources. As the sampling is reduced, aliasing effects can appear in the reconstructions unless additional measures are taken. In this paper we will make use of directionality penalties to dealias the decoded data. The directionality of the wavefield is measured using the lower frequency components where the aliasing effects are absent. The decoding procedure can then be formulated as a least squares problem using the estimated directionality structure. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 18, 2016 Start Time: 2:15:00 PM Location: 163/165 Presentation Type: ORAL
Influence of tester, test method, and device type on CDM ESD testing (1995)

In this paper, the charged device model (CDM) electrostatic discharge (ESD) events emulated by different commercial concerns are studied. First, the characteristic waveforms, defined by the EOS/ESD CDM ESD draft standard (DS5.3-1993), are compared and some major problems related to the specification of socketed CDM testers are discussed. Second, the results of an extensive CDM ESD test program are reported. The influences of various test parameters, such as the charging method (direct or field), the discharge mode (contact or noncontact), the charge pin (substrate pin or pin to be discharged) and the device package are studied. Finally, correlations of CDM ESD test results (the voltage thresholds and electrical failure signatures) are investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterisation of Liquid Properties by Electrical Capacitance Tomography Sensor for Security Applications (2009)

The ECT sensor based on electrical permittivity measurements is presented which may be applied to security application for contactless detection of flammable and explosive liquid. The structure, geometry and size of ECT sensor are discussed in this paper; two types of capacitance sensor are designed and compared. COMSOL simulation software is used to evaluate the performance of designed sensor. An impedance analyzer is used to measure the capacitance between each electrode pair. Results analysis is provided, the feasibility of ECT sensor using in liquid testing for security application is proved at the conclusion part.
Feeding Value of Sugarcane Stalk for Cattle (2002)

Four castrated male cattle (Brahman), average body weight 320 kg at growing stage, were individually housed in metabolic crates with free access to drinking water. Animals were subjected to the following four dietary treatments, which were conducted in this order:
Error-Resilient H.264/AVC Video Transmission Using Two-Way Decodable Variable Length Data Block (2009)

Standard video coders utilize variable length coding (VLC) to obtain more data compression in addition to what lossy coding has achieved at the expense of making the compressed bitstream very vulnerable to channel errors. Even a 1-bit error incurred in the bitstream may cause the follow-up bitstream to be either erroneously decoded or completely undecodable, and this could further result in error propagation. To mitigate this phenomenon, a new VLC coding scheme is proposed in this paper, called the two-way decodable variable length data block (TDVLDB), which allows the compressed bitstream to be <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bidirectionally</i> decodable without exploiting data partitioning. The proposed TDVLDB scheme is able to effectively recover more uncorrupted data from the corrupted packets. Furthermore, it is able to correct some, if not all, channel errors of a finite-length burst error. To effectively identify the location of the first actual error incurred within the current slice, a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bitstream similarity measurement</i> (BSM) algorithm is proposed. Note that the proposed TDVLDB scheme is generic in the sense that it can be exploited in any image or video coding framework as long as it involves the use of VLC and requires error-resilience capability. In this paper, the proposed TDVLDB is incorporated into the H.264/advanced video coding (AVC) coder to evaluate its error-resilience performance in terms of rate-distortion coding efficiency. Compared with the baseline H.264/AVC coding, the TDVLDB-incorporated H.264/AVC-based coding scheme has demonstrated significant objective and subjective video quality improvements when the bitstream is transmitted over error-prone channels.
A compact high voltage low frequency power supply (2002)

Modern power converter topologies and components allow the implementation of compact, low weight, low cost specialized power supplies. This paper presents such a power supply specifically designed for soil resistivity measurements in hydrogeology and mineral prospecting. The 3 kW power supply features a series resonant power converter topology, based on IGBTs, and an innovative reed relay based output inverter for the high voltage (300 V), low frequency (variable from 0.1 to 1 Hz), output stage. Full galvanic isolation is provided. This original approach to the power supply design results in a low cost, low weight (less than 10 kg), competitive product. The paper presents detailed design considerations and complete performance results for the chosen design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Studies on The Enzymatic Degradation of Plant Tissue Part IV (1970)

(1) Asp. sojae No. 48のmacerating activityは主としてPTEによってひき起こされるものと考えられた. (2) CM-celluloseによって精製されたPTEの1成分はほとんど他の酵素活性を含まず,単独でmacerating activityを示し,他のPTE成分も同様にmacerating activityを示すものと推定された. (3) Macerating activityのoptimum pHは5.5付近, optimum temperatureは50～55°C, pH 4～7の範囲で安定であり, 70°C, 10分の熱処理で完全に失活した. macerating activityはCa2+によって全く阻害されなかった. (4) 本菌以外のAspergillus属においてもPTEによるmacerationの可能性を推定した.
Deciphering Protein–Protein Interactions. Part I. Experimental Techniques and Databases (2007)

roteins interact with each other in a highly specific manner, and protein interactions play a key role in many cellular processes; in particular, the distortion of protein interfaces may lead to the development of many diseases. To understand the mechanisms of protein recognition at the molecular level and to unravel the global picture of protein interactions in the cell, different experimental techniques have been developed. Some methods characterize individual protein interactions while others are advanced for screening interactions on a genomewide scale. In this review we describe different experimental techniques of protein interaction identification together with various databases which attempt to classify the large array of experimental data. We discuss the main promises and pitfalls of different methods and present several approaches to verify and validate the diverse experimental data produced by highthroughput techniques.
Optimal memory organization for scalable texture codecs in MPEG-4 (1999)

This paper addresses the problem of minimizing memory size and memory accesses in multiresolution texture coding architectures for discrete cosine transform (DCT) and wavelet-based schemes used, for example, in virtual-world walk-throughs or facial animation scenes of an MPEG-4 system. The problem of minimizing the memory cost is important since memory accesses, memory bandwidth limitations, and in general the correct handling of the data flows have become the true critical issues in designing high-speed and low-power video-processing architectures and in efficiently using multimedia processors. For instance, the straightforward implementation of a multiresolution texture codec typically needs an extra memory buffer of the same size as the image to be encoded/decoded. We propose a new calculation schedule that reduces this buffer memory size with up to two orders of magnitude, while still ensuring a number of external (off-chip) memory accesses that is very close to the theoretical minimum. The analysis is generic and is therefore useful for both wavelet and multiresolution DCT codecs.
Evaluation of Structural Changes Induced by High Hydrostatic Pressure in <i>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i> (2004)

Scanning electron microcopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to evaluate structural changes in Leuconostoc mesenteroides cells as a function of high-hydrostatic-pressure treatment. This bacterium usually grows in chains of cells, which were increasingly dechained at elevated pressures. High-pressure treatments at 250 and 500 MPa also caused changes in the external surface and internal structure of cells. Dechaining and blister formation on the surface of cells increased with pressure, as observed in SEM micrographs. TEM studies showed that cytoplasmic components of the cells were affected by high-pressure treatment. DSC studies of whole cells showed increasing denaturation of ribosomes with pressure, in keeping with dense compacted regions in the cytoplasm of pressure-treated cells observed in TEM micrographs. Apparent reduction of intact ribosomes observed in DSC thermograms was related to the reduction in number of viable cells. The results indicate that inactivation of L. mesenteroides cells is mainly due to ribosomal denaturation observed as a reduction of the corresponding peak in DSC thermograms and condensed interior regions of cytoplasm in TEM micrographs.