gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neomycin Ototoxicity (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery journal
The "Bio" in Biochemistry: Protein Folding Inside and Outside the Cell (1996)

After proteins are made, they must be folded into their final structure. In a report in this week's issue of Science , Frydman and Hartl, on page 1497 , compare how molecular chaperones (proteins that assist folding) affect folding of proteins as they are synthesized from ribosomes and proteins that have been artificially denatured. In his Perspective, Ellis discusses why the differences that are found tell us something about how chaperones really work in the cell.
Environmental safety of cholinium-based ionic liquids: assessing structure–ecotoxicity relationships (2015)

Ecotoxicity of cholinium-based ionic liquids.
The impact of manual processing on the expansion and directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells (2007)

Embryonic stem cells (ESC) have the developmental potential to form every adult cell type, even after prolonged culture. Reproducibly culturing pluripotent populations and directing differentiation has proven technically challenging yet will underpin the provision of stem cells for both screening and therapeutic applications. This study investigated whether the variations inherent in manual handling procedures cause inconsistent proliferation and phenotypic variability. Two mouse ESC green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter cells lines, Oct4-GiP and 46C, were used to assess Oct4 expression during expansion and Sox1 expression during directed neuroectoderm differentiation. High inoculation cell densities (ICD) had a negative impact on Oct4-GFP expression. Similarly, increasing ICD caused a drop in Sox1-GFP expression in differentiating cultures. The expansion process had an optimum ICD of 31,800 cells cm(-2) whilst the highest yield of Sox1-GFP positive cells were found at an ICD of 16,400 cells cm(-2). These results implicate variable cell density as a major cause of interindividual variability. Passaging exposes cells to dynamic and repeated changes in their micro-environment. This was associated with a rapid drop in temperature and rise in pH. Extended exposure of 1, 2 and 3 h to ambient conditions resulted in the inhibition of ESC proliferation and Oct4-GFP expression. Dissociation subjects cells to fluid flow and centrifugal forces. Repeated exposure to fluid flow in capillaries prior to cultivation reduced the proliferative capacity of undifferentiated ESCs and caused a significant drop in differentiated neuroectoderm yield. Excessive centrifugal forces up to 1,000g caused shifts in phenotype and proliferation during expansion and differentiation. These studies highlight the need for automated cultivation systems which reproducibly control cell density, fluid flow, centrifugal forces, pH and temperature for the dissociation and inoculation of ESC processes.
Synthesis of Indoles by Copper-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of o-Aminophenylboronic Acid Pinacol Esters with β-Keto Esters (2012)

Copper-catalyzed coupling of <i>o</i>-aminophenylboronic acid pinacol esters with β-keto esters afforded, under mild base-free oxidative conditions, 2,3-disubstituted indoles featuring a key Chan–Lam-type carbon–carbon bond-forming reaction.
Cover Picture: Light‐Driven Plasmonic Switches Based on Au Nanodisk Arrays and Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals (Adv. Mater. 18/2008) (2008)

On p. 3528, Tony Jun Huang and co-workers demonstrate a new class of plasmonic switches driven by light. The switches utilize the photoinduced phase transition of azobenzene-doped liquid crystals to alter the localized surface plasmon resonances of gold nanodisk arrays. These switches contribute to the emerging field of plasmonics, and will prove useful in applications such as high-density optical storage devices, optical filters, and plasmonic circuits.
Eine neue tertiäre Molluskenfauna aus dem Indischen Archipel (1933)

Die Versteinerungen, welche den Gegenstand der folgenden Untersuchungen bilden, stammen aus Asphaltkalken der Insel Buton (hollÃ¤ndisch Boeton) und befanden sich teils in der Sammlung vom âDienst van den Mijnbouwâ in NiederlÃ¤ndisch Ost-Indien. Andere waren im Besitz von Herrn Prof. Dr. J. H. F. Umbgrove in Delft, der mir alles, mit Einsehluss der erstgenannten Objekte von ihm selber praepariert, Ã¼bergab, wofÃ¼r ich ihm hiermit meinen besten Dank ausspreche. FÃ¼r die Praeparation sind die Objekte einige Wochen in Petroleum gelegt und dann mit Benzin gereinigt, wodurch sie vÃ¶llig frei wurden, so dass alle Einzelheiten der Skulptur erkennbar sind. NachtrÃ¤glieh empfing ich noch zwei Exemplare von bereits untersuchten Arten von Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Gerth in Amsterdam.\nDie Fossilien sind teils von Herrn Dr. Ir. W. H. Hetzel gesammelt, einige von Herrn J. Flemisch, welcher bei der Firma Schuurman Volker beschÃ¤ftigt war, und andere von Herrn W. F. Germeraad, dem frÃ¼heren Direktor der âBoeton Maatschappijâ. Durch die Anfertigung der mit Hilfe von ultraviolettem Licht erhaltenen Abbildungen und durch Beschaffung von Literatur hat Herr Dr. I. M. van der Vlerk, Lektor in Leiden, mich ganz besonders verpflichtet, desgleichen durch technische Hilfe bei der Herstellung der Photographieen Herr A. C. Rosemeier hieselbst.
An open platform for managing short programming exercises (2013)

In this paper, we describe CloudCoder, an open platform for creating, assigning, and sharing short programming exercises for a variety of languages (currently C/C++, Java, Python and Ruby). Like other similar systems, CloudCoder is web-based, letting students write code directly in a web browser, click the "submit" button, and receive immediate feedback. Unlike other systems, which tend to be closed, or commercial, or both, CloudCoder is a completely open platform. The code for the system is open-source, and exercises written for CloudCoder may be shared to a central repository under permissive licenses such as Creative Commons BY-SA. Finally, CloudCoder collects detailed data that faculty can use for educational research. We also report on successful pilot studies of CloudCoder at several institutions, and outline research questions we hope to address in future work.
Bayesian detection of router configuration anomalies (2005)

Problems arising from router misconfigurations cost time and money. The first step in fixing such misconfigurations is finding them. In this paper, we propose a method for detecting misconfigurations that does not depend on an a priori model of what constitutes a correct configuration. Our hypothesis is that uncommon or unexpected misconfigurations in router data can be identified as statistical anomalies within a Bayesian framework. We present a detection algorithm based on this framework, and show that it is able to detect errors in the router configuration files of a university network.
A Feminist Study of African American Art in New Orleans: Considerations of Aesthetics, Art History and Art Criticism (1997)

Ways of thinking about art also reflect a racially designated position in American society where makers, viewers, and patrons of fine art are expected to be White, and African American artists and their artistic production and meaning have generally been excluded from the dominant cultural dialogue. 'The position of Black artists, men and women, past and present, in all cultural and class diversity of their communities and countries needs to be documented and analyzed" (Pollock, 1988, p. 15). When African American artists are included in the study of art, however, they are often added to the study of "great" artists and fine art that excludes many people who have contributed to American visual culture, and their art is usually considered in relation to accepted universal standards of greatness, ignoring African American social and aesthetic values.
Truncated forms of mannose-binding protein multimerize and bind to mannose-rich Salmonella montevideo but fail to activate complement in vitro. (1993)

Human serum (MBP) and human recombinant (rMBP) mannose-binding protein bind to mannose-rich, serum-resistant Salmonella montevideo (SH5770), enhance C3 deposition, and render the organisms serum-sensitive. We investigated structural features of MBP necessary for this effect. MBP has a cysteine-rich amino-terminal region, a collagen-like region, and a carboxyl-terminal carbohydrate-recognition domain. We prepared carbohydrate-recognition domains lacking the other two domains either by deletion mutagenesis (delta MBP, 16 kDa) or by collagenase digestion of whole rMBP (cdMBP, 16-18 kDa). Whole and truncated MBP were detected on immunoblot by specific monoclonal antibodies that recognize both bound and free MBP. rMBP enhanced C3 deposition on SH5770 8-fold, while cdMBP and delta MBP did not increase C3 deposition over control levels. All forms of MBP bound to SH5770 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by measuring binding of radiolabeled whole and truncated MBP. Binding by 125I-delta MBP was inhibited by mannan and by MBP. Thus failure of truncated MBPs to enhance C3 deposition was not due to failure to specifically bind carbohydrate residues. To determine the molecular form of truncated MBP in nondenaturing conditions, 125I-delta MBP was centrifuged through a 5-20% sucrose-density gradient. The peak of 125I-delta MBP sedimented to estimated S20,w 2.01, but larger multimers also were present. Multimers bound SH5770 with higher affinity than monomers. We conclude that carbohydrate-recognition regions of MBP produced by collagenase digestion or by deletion mutagenesis are sufficient for ligand binding. However, the collagen-like region is necessary for MBP enhancement of C3 deposition on SH5770.
Dephosphorylation of phytate compounds by means of acid phosphatase from <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (1989)

Abstract A non‐purified preparation of intracellular acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) from a waste mycelium of Aspergillus niger was utilised for dephosphorylation of phytate compounds present in food and feed ingredients. The enzymic hydrolysis of p‐nitrophenylphosphate was used for assaying acid phosphatase activity, expressed in standard units (u). The hydrolysis of phytate phosphorus in wheat bran, soya bean meal and fully formulated feedstuffs for broilers ( Galus galus; ‘Cornish’ × White Rock') was carried out at 40°C, a pH value of 4.5 and an enzyme dosage ranging from 12 to 30 u g −1 . Complete dephosphorylation of soya bean protein isolates was performed at 60°C, a pH value of 4.5 and an enzyme dosage of 12 u g −1 . In the gastrointestinal tract of broilers the in‐vivo dephosphorylation of phytates present in feed was observed when the preparation of acid phosphatase was added to the diet.
Application of MEMS technology in automotive sensors and actuators (1998)

Sensors and actuators are the critical system components that collect and act on information in the analog environment and link it to the world of digital electronics. The functional groups of sensors, software, controller hardware, and actuators from the backbone of present and future automotive systems. Unit volumes for sensors and actuators in the automotive industry are measured in millions per year and at a unit cost of a few dollars. The design of sensors and actuators has increasingly made use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. This technology is well suited to producing a class of micromachined sensors and actuators that combines signal processing and communications on a single silicon chip or contained within the same package. This paper contains a discussion of the issues in producing MEMS sensors and actuators from the concept selection stage to the manufacturing platform. Examples of commercial and emerging automotive sensors and actuators are given, which illustrate the various aspects of device development. Future trends in MEMS technology as applied to automotive components are also discussed.
The planar two point algorithm (2009)

Vision-based localization, mapping and navigation is often performed by searching for corresponding image points and estimating the epipolar geometry. It is known that the possible relative poses of a camera mounted on a mobile robot that moves over a planar ground floor, has two degrees of freedom. This report provides insight in the problem of estimating the exact planar robot pose difference using only two image point correspondences. We describe an algorithm which uses this minimal set of correspondences termed the Two-point algorithm. It is shown that sometimes two non-degenerate correspondences do not define a unique relative robot pose, but lead to two possible real solutions. The algorithm is especially useful as hypothesis generator for the well known RANSAC (RANdom SAmple Consensus) method. The algorithm is evaluated using both simulated data and data acquired by a mobile robot equipped with an omnidirectional camera. The improvement over existing methods is analogous to the improvement of the well known Five-point algorithm over other algorithms for general non-planar camera motions.
Conversational Contextual Cues: The Case of Personalization and History for Response Ranking (2016)

We investigate the task of modeling open-domain, multi-turn, unstructured, multi-participant, conversational dialogue. We specifically study the effect of incorporating different elements of the conversation. Unlike previous efforts, which focused on modeling messages and responses, we extend the modeling to long context and participant's history. Our system does not rely on handwritten rules or engineered features; instead, we train deep neural networks on a large conversational dataset. In particular, we exploit the structure of Reddit comments and posts to extract 2.1 billion messages and 133 million conversations. We evaluate our models on the task of predicting the next response in a conversation, and we find that modeling both context and participants improves prediction accuracy.
A gastrin releasing peptide from the porcine nonantral gastric tissue. (1978)

This paper presents evidence for the existence in extracts from porcine non-antral gastric tissue of a peptide capable of causing substantial rises of plasma immunoreactive gastrin levels in a dose dependent manner and of stimulation of gastric acid and pepsin secretion. Obtained data show that the peptide is basic and that its gastrin releasing properties are at least partially resistant to atropinisation and beta-receptor blockade. Antrectomy almost eliminates the rise in plasma IRGa when the peptide is administered. The possible relationship of this peptide to amphibian bombesin is discussed.
Fine-Grain SEU Mitigation for FPGAs Using Partial TMR (2008)

The mitigation of single-event upsets (SEUs) in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) is an increasingly important subject as FPGAs are used in radiation environments such as space. Triple modular redundancy (TMR) is the most frequently used SEU mitigation technique but is very expensive in terms of area and power costs. These costs can be reduced by sacrificing some reliability and applying TMR to only part of the FPGA design. Our partial TMR method focuses on the most critical sections of the design and increases reliability by applying TMR to continuous sections of the circuit. We introduce an automated software tool that uses the Partial TMR method to apply TMR incrementally at a very fine level until the available resources are utilized. Thus the tool aims to gives the maximum reliability gain for the specified area cost.
A fast parallel algorithm for blind estimation of noise variance (1990)

A blind noise variance algorithm that recovers the variance of noise in two steps is proposed. The sample variances are computed for square cells tessellating the noise image. Several tessellations are applied with the size of the cells increasing fourfold for consecutive tessellations. The four smallest sample variance values are retained for each tessellation and combined through an outlier analysis into one estimate. The different tessellations thus yield a variance estimate sequence. The value of the noise variance is determined from this variance estimate sequence. The blind noise variance algorithm is applied to 500 noisy 256*256 images. In 98% of the cases, the relative estimation error was less than 0.2 with an average error of 0.06. Application of the algorithm to differently sized images is also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Research on the Application of PPP Model in Urban Regeneration (2008)

This paper surveyed the evolvement of urban regeneration content and mode in other countries and regions. Several typical cases were then described and analyzed. Finally, the operation mechanism and process of public private partnership model applied in urban regeneration were established. This research can provide a new idea for urban regeneration in China.
Operation of integrated InGaAsP-InP optical amplifier-monitoring detector with feedback control circuit (1990)

Monolithic integration of a monitoring detector with an optical amplifier simplifies the use of an amplifier in lightwave systems. The structure and performance are described of a monolithically integrated semiconductor optical amplifier with low-loss Y-branching waveguides and a monitoring p-i-n detector. The photocurrent of the integrated detector can be used as a single control parameter for amplifier output leveling, gain optimization, and in situ monitoring of facet antireflective coatings.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neural Associative Memory and the Willshaw–Palm Probability Distribution (2008)

Previous asymptotic analyses of binary neural associative networks of Willshaw or Steinbuch type relied on a binomial approximation of the neurons' dendritic potentials. This approximation has been proven to be good only if the stored patterns are extremely sparse, for example, when the mean number of active units k per pattern vector scales with the logarithm of the vector size n. Recent promising results concerning storage capacity and retrieval efficiency for larger pattern activities $k > \log n$ have been doubted because here the binomial approximation can lead to a massive overestimation of performance. In this work I compute and characterize the exact Willshaw–Palm distribution of the dendritic potentials for hetero-association, auto-association, and fixed and random pattern activity. Comparing the raw and central moments of the Willshaw–Palm distribution to the moments of the corresponding binomial probability reveals that, asymptotically, the binomial approximation becomes exact for almost any sublinear pattern activity, including $k = O(n/\log^2 n)$. This verifies, for large networks, the existence of a wide high-performance parameter range as predicted by the approximative theory.
Vaccine for cancer and infectious diseases. (2007)

1847 Recent analyses of influenza vaccination clinical data shows that there is no survival advantage above the age of 55 and a 4 fold lower antibody response to the multivalent inactivated particle influenza vaccination in individuals over the age of 55. This poor response to vaccines may be due to decreased numbers of antigen naive CD8 and CD4 T cells, and the acquisition of functional defects in CD4 helper cells, like decreased expression of the CD40L in activated CD4 cells. In order to develop a method to overcome these defects in the immune response in older individuals, we have designed an adenoviral vector (Ad-sig-TAA/ecdCD40L) for the in vivo activation and tumor antigen loading of dendritic cells (DCs). This adenoviral vector encodes a fusion protein composed of an aminoterminal tumor associated antigen (TAA) fragment fused to the extracellular domain (ecd) of the CD40 ligand (CD40L) at the carboxyl terminal end. Two sc injections of this vector have broken tolerance to specific tumor associated antigens in two separate TAA.Tg transgenic mouse models (mice transgenic for rat Her-2-Neu (rH2N) and human MUC-1 (hMUC-1)). Her-2-Neu and MUC-1 are tumor associated antigens which are overexpressed in poor prognosis epithelial neoplasms such as adenocarcinomas of the breast , prostate, ovary, colon and lung. The immunoprotection extends for over a year and is independent of CD4 cells. We showed that the sc injection of the hMUC-1/ecdCD40L protein following the sc injection of the Ad-sig-TAA/ecdCD40L vector (this vector prime-protein boost is called VPP) increases the levels of both the cellular and humoral immune response over that achievable with just the vector injections alone in the hMUC-1.Tg mice. The antibodies from hMUC-1 VPP vaccinated mice bind to biopsy specimens of human cancers of the breast and prostate. Importantly, the VPP vaccination can induce an immune response even in 18 month old mice which completely suppresses tumor growth in old (18 month old) mice. The Ad-sig-rH2N/ecdCD40L vaccination suppresses the evolution of spontaneous breast cancer in the rH2N.Tg mouse model. We also tested the immune response induced by the Ad-sig-HA/ecdCD40L vector prime-HA/ecdCD40L protein boost which is directed to the H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) antigen and the Ad-sig-M2/ecdCD40L vector prime-M2/ecdCD40L protein boost vaccine against the M2 antigen, which has a common sequence among human and avian influenza strains. Both induced a robust cellular and humoral response in old (18 month) mice as well as in young (2 month) mice. The serum of mice vaccinated with 3 sc injections of HA/ecdCD40L contained neutralizing antibodies against the H5N1 486 avian influenza virus at 1/4000 dilution of the serum. The Ad-sig-TAA/ecdCD40L vector prime-TAA/ecdCD40L protein boost strategy may be of value in the prevention and treatment of cancer and infectious diseases.
Data compression for energy efficient IoT solutions (2017)

Energy is the most important resource in state-of-the-art Internet of Things solutions. There are a lot of concepts and techniques dedicated to save energy, mainly focused to reduce transmission, since the energy used for preprocessing (encoding) is incomparable smaller than energy used for broadcasting. If applications do not require real-time measurements, data compression is one solution to energy saving problem. The goal of this paper was to develop new coding scheme for delta compression, that can be used for efficient data compression of temporally correlated data, such as temperature measurements coming from different smart devices. We proved that our coding scheme can achieve up to 85% energy saving. Compared to other coding techniques, our scheme has greater compression ratio and lower memory requirements.