gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Apple, Prebloom Mite Treatments, 1977 (1978)

Abstract Treatments with four oil formulations along with commonly used and experimental acaricides were applied to mature York apple trees using a Bean, 35 gallon per minute hydraulic sprayer at 540 psi to single tree plots, replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block design. The trees were sprayed to run-off. The oils were applied on April 1 at the green bud stage. The other acaricides, except Malonoben were applied at pink stage, April 14. At petal-fall stage, May 3, Malonoben was applied and Omite 6E and 30W were reapplied. At first cover period, May 16 and third cover period, June 15, Omite 6E and 30W were reapplied. A modified standard spray program utilizing captan, Topsin M, Imidan, and Phosphamidon was applied to the test trees during the season with an air-blast sprayer calibrated to deliver 100 gallons of spray per acre.
The Reactive Oxygen Species- and Michael Acceptor-inducible Human Aldo-Keto Reductase AKR1C1 Reduces the α,β-Unsaturated Aldehyde 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal to 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-nonene (2001)

The human aldo-keto reductase AKR1C1 (20alpha(3alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) is induced by electrophilic Michael acceptors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) via a presumptive antioxidant response element (Burczynski, M. E., Lin, H. K., and Penning, T. M. (1999) Cancer Res. 59, 607-614). Physiologically, AKR1C1 regulates progesterone action by converting the hormone into its inactive metabolite 20alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, and toxicologically this enzyme activates polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon trans-dihydrodiols to redox-cycling o-quinones. However, the significance of its potent induction by Michael acceptors and oxidative stress is unknown. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and other alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes produced during lipid peroxidation were reduced by AKR1C1 with high catalytic efficiency. Kinetic studies revealed that AKR1C1 reduced HNE (K(m) = 34 microm, k(cat) = 8.8 min(-1)) with a k(cat)/K(m) similar to that for 20alpha-hydroxysteroids. Six other homogeneous recombinant AKRs were examined for their ability to reduce HNE. Of these, AKR1C1 possessed one of the highest specific activities and was the only isoform induced by oxidative stress and by agents that deplete glutathione (ethacrynic acid). Several hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the AKR1C subfamily catalyzed the reduction of HNE with higher activity than aldehyde reductase (AKR1A1). NMR spectroscopy identified the product of the NADPH-dependent reduction of HNE as 1,4-dihydroxy-2-nonene. The K(m) of recombinant AKR1C1 for nicotinamide cofactors (K(m) NADPH approximately 6 microm, K(m)(app) NADH >6 mm) suggested that it is primed for reductive metabolism of HNE. Isoform-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that exposure of HepG2 cells to HNE resulted in elevated levels of AKR1C1 mRNA. Thus, HNE induces its own metabolism via AKR1C1, and this enzyme may play a hitherto unrecognized role in a response mounted to counter oxidative stress. AKRs represent alternative GSH-independent/NADPH-dependent routes for the reductive elimination of HNE. Of these, AKR1C1 provides an inducible cytosolic barrier to HNE following ROS exposure.
Use of a Multiplex Molecular Beacon Platform for Rapid Detection of Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistance in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2005)

Drug resistance, particularly vancomycin and methicillin resistance, in Staphylococcus aureus continues to emerge as a significant public health threat in both the hospital and community settings. In addition to the limited treatment options, S. aureus strains acquire and express numerous virulence factors that continue to increase its ability to cause a wide spectrum of human disease. As a result, empirical treatment decisions are confounded and there is a heightened need for a diagnostic test (or assay) to rapidly identify antibiotic resistance and specific virulence determinants and indicate the appropriate treatment. To that end we developed a platform using multiplex molecular beacon probes with real-time PCR for the rapid detection of drug resistance-determining genes and virulence factors in S. aureus. In this study, we demonstrate the specificity and sensitivity of our platform for detection of the genes conferring methicillin (mecA) and vancomycin (vanA) resistance as well as a gene encoding the virulence factor Panton-Valentine leucocidin (lukF) in S. aureus isolates.
Squeak (1985)

Graphical user interfaces are difficult to implement because of the essential concurrency among multiple interaction devices, such as mice, buttons, and keyboards. Squeak is a user interface implementation language that exploits this concurrency rather than hiding it, helping the programmer to express interactions using multiple devices. We present the motivation, design and semantics of squeak . The language is based on concurrent programming constructs but can be compiled into a conventional sequential language; our implementation generates C code. We discuss how squeak programs can be integrated into a graphics system written in a conventional language to implement large but regular user interfaces, and close with a description of the formal semantics.
Enzymatic Fluorescent Microsphere Glucose Sensors:Evaluation of Response Under Dynamic Conditions (2006)

Most previous attempts at the development of a "smart tattoo" for glucose monitoring in diabetes--implantable fluorescent microspheres that can be implanted intradermally and interrogated transdermally using light--have focused on the encapsulation of a competitive binding assay for glucose within hydrogel microspheres or polyelectrolyte microcapsules. We recently reported on the development of a microsphere sensor based on an enzymatic scheme, combined with an oxygen-quenched fluorescent reporter element. A novel feature of this design is the use of polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofilms, which are assembled stepwise on the surface of the microspheres, for modulation of glucose and oxygen mass transport, allowing them to be designed for sensitive and safe operation within the "oxygen deficit" present in the skin. In this work, a flow-through sensor testing apparatus was used to demonstrate the reversible response of the sensors under controlled, dynamic conditions. The sensors were shown to be sensitive over at least 0-140 mg/dL glucose, with a response time of less than 2 min. This report also identifies some current problems with the approach, and gives potential solutions towards the development of a practical implantable sensor for glucose monitoring in diabetes.
Studies on synthesis of ion‐exchange membrane for electrodialytic treatment of bleaching plant effluent (1986)

An attempt has been made to synthesize ion‐exchange membranes based on chemical grafting of styrene on poly‐ethylene film with benzoyl peroxide as initiator, and DVB as the cross linking agent, under optimum processing conditions obtained during experimental work. Electro‐chemical properties of the membrane have been evaluated and utilized in designing a multi‐compartment electrodialysis (ED) cell, for electrodialytic treatment of bleach plant effluent from the pulp and paper industry. ED studies under optimum conditions of 20 mA/cm2 current density indicate the technical feasibility of developing a process for abatement of pollution, along with recycling of water from multi‐stage bleaching stage effluent.
Comparative evaluation of skin atrophy in man induced by topical corticoids (1979)

In this in‐patient study, mild skin atrophy was observed clinically in 6 out of a total of 22 patieents after fluocinolone acetonide an in one patient after flumethasone pivalate ointment applications. (P < 0·005) Investigations were discontinued prematurely on days 14 and 17 in 2 patients because they developed early atrophy due to fluocinolone acetonide applications. Histological findings indicating either moderate or marked skin atrophy were evident in 15 patients after flucinolone acetonide as against one patient after flumethasone pivalate ointment applications (P < 0·001). In comparison with the controls the mean decrease in epidermal thickness was more marked after fluocinolone acetonide applications, namely 30·5% vs 21·3% after flumethasone pivalate applications. The ultrastructural tissue changes were less marked at the sites to which flumethasone pivalate was applied. In comparison with controls, the percentages of mean decrease in diameters of collagen fibrils measured in six volunteer patients ranged from 5.1% to 27·6% after fluocinolone acetonide and from 0% to 12.3% following flumethasone pivalate ointment applications. This difference was statistically significant (range P < 0·001 to < 0·001). The experimental study has demonstrated that flumethasone pivalate displays only a mild atrophogenic effect and it is clinically and histologically significantly less atrophogenic than fluocinolone acclonide. Flumethasone pivalate can therefore be reckoned as a suitable topical corticosteroid especially for the long‐term treatment of corticoid‐responsive dermatoses.
Waveguide polarization-independent optical circulator using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (1997)

We propose and realize a new polarization-independent optical circulator using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer which does not need a polarization-beam splitter. We obtain 14.1-23.7 dB isolation and 3.0-3.3 dB insertion loss at /spl lambda/=1.55 /spl mu/m.
Learning Detailed Face Reconstruction from a Single Image (2017)

Reconstructing the detailed geometric structure of a face from a given image is a key to many computer vision and graphics applications, such as motion capture and reenactment. The reconstruction task is challenging as human faces vary extensively when considering expressions, poses, textures, and intrinsic geometries. While many approaches tackle this complexity by using additional data to reconstruct the face of a single subject, extracting facial surface from a single image remains a difficult problem. As a result, single-image based methods can usually provide only a rough estimate of the facial geometry. In contrast, we propose to leverage the power of convolutional neural networks to produce a highly detailed face reconstruction from a single image. For this purpose, we introduce an end-to-end CNN framework which derives the shape in a coarse-to-fine fashion. The proposed architecture is composed of two main blocks, a network that recovers the coarse facial geometry (CoarseNet), followed by a CNN that refines the facial features of that geometry (FineNet). The proposed networks are connected by a novel layer which renders a depth image given a mesh in 3D. Unlike object recognition and detection problems, there are no suitable datasets for training CNNs to perform face geometry reconstruction. Therefore, our training regime begins with a supervised phase, based on synthetic images, followed by an unsupervised phase that uses only unconstrained facial images. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed model is demonstrated by both qualitative and quantitative evaluation tests.
TRANSISTORIZED DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR CONTROL. (1968)

rugged, low-cost unit with extremely low power requirements. The TCCO provides a unique method of converting the output of a resistance bridge transducer to a proportional frequency modulated signal with the required accuracy and stability. (auth)
Characterization of Solid Source Phosphorus Doping Diffusion (1987)

Phosphorus solid sources for doping of silicon wafers were characterized by keeping the temperature constant and varying the diffusion time. Sheet resistances and junction depths were measured using a four-point station and the groove and stain method, respectively. The results were contrasted with the SUPREM II predictions.
Old-style matron was a mentor for 'her nurses' (2000)

What a delight to read such positive comments about the old-style matron in the editorial and feature in Nursing Standard (August 23).
Multiple Genes for Vacuolar-type ATPase Proteolipids inCaenorhabditis elegans (1998)

In the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), highly hydrophobic subunits known as the proteolipids are components of the integral membrane V0 sector. Previously, we described the identification of three different proteolipid genes in Caenorhabditis elegans (Oka, T., Yamamoto, R., and Futai, M. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24387-24392): vha-1 and vha-2 encoded 16-kDa subunits, and vha-4, a 23-kDa isoform. We report here that a third 16-kDa gene, vha-3, has been identified on chromosome IV. This is the first example in which four proteolipid genes have been found in a single organism. vha-2 and vha-3 exhibited 85% nucleotide identity within the open reading frames which encoded the identical amino acid sequence. Northern blot analysis indicated that all four genes were expressed in a similar pattern during the worm life cycle; however, studies with transgenic worms indicated that the vha-3 gene was expressed differently from other proteolipid genes in a cell-specific manner. These results implied that the isoforms of the proteolipids may be related to functional differences of V-ATPases in various cell types. Another new gene, vha-11, contained seven exons and was found to be located immediately downstream of vha-3. The two genes constitute a single transcriptional unit. The VHA-11 protein had 384 amino acids and shared strong sequence similarities with the C subunit, a component of the peripheral V1 sector of the V-ATPase, from yeast, bovine, and human. Expression of the vha-11 cDNA complemented a null mutation of VMA5, the yeast C subunit gene, thus demonstrating that vha-11 was the functional C subunit of C. elegans.
Covalent Modification of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids:  Effect of Anions on Solubility (2006)

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were covalently modified with imidazolium salt-based ionic liquids (ILs). Coupling of acid chloride-functionalized MWCNTs with commercially available (3-aminopropyl)imidazole, followed by the reaction with n-butyl bromide, afforded 1-butylimidazolium bromide salt-functionalized MWCNTs (f-3a). The bromide anion of f-3a could be exchanged with BF4-, PF6-, and NTf2- (N,N-bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide) by metathesis and afforded functionalized MWCNTs, f-3b (BF4-), f-3c (PF6-), and f-3d (NTf2-), bearing different counteranions. Raman, IR, NMR, TGA, and XPS analyses clearly confirmed covalent functionalization and imidazolium salt formation as well as anion exchange of the IL-functionalized MWCNTs. UV−vis data imply that counteranions have an effect on the relative solubility of the IL-functionalized MWCNTs in water: the solubility of f-3 in water is of the order f-3a (Br-) > f-3b (BF4-) > f-3c (PF6-) > f-3d (NTf2-), and the water-soluble f-3a was phase-transferred from the aqueous phase to the chloroform phase via simple anion exchange with NTf2-. All of the IL-functionalized MWCNTs, including the water-soluble f-3a, exhibited a preferential solubility in an ionic liquid, [bmim][NTf2].
Geographic differences in semen quality of fertile U.S. males. (2002)

Although geographic variation in semen quality has been reported, this is the first study in the United States to compare semen quality among study centers using standardized methods and strict quality control. We evaluated semen specimens from partners of 512 pregnant women recruited through prenatal clinics in four U.S. cities during 1999-2001; 91% of men provided two specimens. Sperm concentration, semen volume, and motility were determined at the centers, and morphology was assessed at a central laboratory. Study protocols were identical across centers, and quality control was rigorously maintained. Sperm concentration was significantly lower in Columbia, Missouri, than in New York, New York; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Los Angeles, California. Mean counts were 58.7, 102.9, 98.6, and 80.8 X 10(6)/mL (medians 53.5, 88.5, 81.8, and 64.8 X 10(6)/mL) in Missouri, New York, Minnesota, and California, respectively. The total number of motile sperm was also lower in Missouri than in other centers: 113, 196, 201, and 162 X 10(6) in Missouri, New York, Minnesota, and California, respectively. Semen volume and the percent morphologically normal sperm did not differ appreciably among centers. These between-center differences remained significant in multivariate models that controlled for abstinence time, semen analysis time, age, race, smoking, history of sexually transmitted disease, and recent fever (all p-values < 0.01). Confounding factors and differences in study methods are unlikely to account for the lower semen quality seen in this mid-Missouri population. These data suggest that sperm concentration and motility may be reduced in semirural and agricultural areas relative to more urban and less agriculturally exposed areas.
Zero‐order delivery with periodontal placement of tetracycline‐loaded ethylene vinyl acetate fibers (1990)

The concentration of tetracycline in the gingival fluid was measured in the periodontal pocket following placement of controlled drug delivery monolithic fibers and subgingival irrigation. Following subgingival irrigation with 1% and 10% tetracycline HCl solution, concentrations decayed exponentially with half times of 4.2 and 12.2 h, respectively. Tetracycline fibers maintained a constant average concentration of 1590 micrograms/ml in periodontal pockets over a 10-day period. The observed concentrations were in agreement with those expected from a steady-state model based on release rate characteristic of the fibers and gingival fluid flow rate. After removal of the delivery system, tetracycline concentrations decreased exponentially with half time of 4.5 h. These data describe the delivery characteristics of tetracycline-loaded ethylene vinyl acetate fibers as zero-order for 10 d; following removal, an exponential washout was observed.
Expression of the transmembrane carbonic anhydrases, CA IX and CA XII, in the human male excurrent ducts (2001)

Testicular fluid is concentrated and acidified during its passage through the excurrent ducts. These processes involve bicarbonate absorption, in which carbonic anhydrases are implicated. In this study, the distribution of two transmembrane carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA IX and CA XII) in the human excurrent ducts was investigated using isozyme-specific antibodies in conjunction with immunohistochemical and immunoblotting techniques. Specific staining for CA XII was present in the basolateral plasma membrane of the epithelial cells in the efferent ducts, predominantly in the non-ciliated cells. In the epididymal duct, CA XII was detected only in sporadic cells, which also contained CA II, thus suggesting that they are apical mitochondria-rich cells. CA IX was also localized to the basolateral plasma membrane of the epithelium in the efferent ducts, but its staining was weaker and less uniform compared to CA XII. No signal for CA IX was detected in the epididymal duct. Western blot analysis from efferent duct samples revealed specific bands for CA IX and CA XII, confirming that the immunohistochemical stainings represent these isozymes. The expression of CA XII and CA IX in the excurrent duct system and co-expression of CA XII with Aquaporin-1 in the same efferent duct epithelial cells suggest their functional involvement in ion transport and concentration processes of testicular fluid.
Electric knife for cell surgery: Local ablation by micro-plasma discharge (2012)

We have firstly succeeded in enucleation of oocyte by using micro-electric knife. The discharged output power and conductive area were controlled to adapt the cellular-order ablation under water and under atmospheric pressure environment. The local area ablation was obtained by the glass shell insulation around the copper wire with silver paste, and which prevent the bubble generation and protein contamination when it was discharged under the water. The width of the ablation region was successfully reduced to more than a half by using the glass shell insulation compare to the conventional electrode. Moreover, the nucleus dyed by Hoechst was also removed successfully with limited damage region which is the difficult task for manual operation with glass capillary. This low cost micro-electric knife has a possibility to extend to fabricate any objective material under various environments and contribute to a new top-down fabrication method in the micro-nano bioengineering field.
Think Carefully, and Take More Data. (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTThink Carefully, and Take More Data.Timothy HarrisCite this: Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 21, 669 APublication Date (Web):November 1, 2000Publication History Published online1 November 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac0029657https://doi.org/10.1021/ac0029657newsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views209Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (74 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Configuration-interaction based simulation of a quantum cellular automaton cell (2002)

We have investigated the behavior of a quantum cellular automaton cell made up of four quantum dots, in response to the electric field due to a nearby driver cell. We have implemented a simulation based on the single-shot configuration interaction technique, and we have studied the behavior of the cell for a number of electrons variable between 2 and 6. Our results support the conjecture that proper QCA operation can be obtained with a number of electrons per cell corresponding to 4N+2.
MOS imaging with random noise suppression (1984)

This paper will describe an MOS imaging device that integrates a random noise suppression circuit which realizes a signal-to-noise ratio of 46dB at a scene illumination of 180 l (F 1.4) and smear noise of 69dB with no image lag.
An evaluation of the efficacy of using oocyte donors aged 36-39. (2003)

The demonstration of adequate outcome following embryo transfer from embryos derived from fertilization of oocytes from donors aged 36-39 should expand the pool of donor oocytes and reduce the long waiting times for recipients.