gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIGH SHEAR MIXING REACTOR FOR GLYCEROLYSIS (1994)

lnrcreased ervironmental awareness and depletion of resources are driving industry to develop aiternative fuels from renewable resources that are environmentally more acceptable. Esters of fatty acids (biodiesel), derived from the transesterification of vegetable oils, have properties similar to cornponents of petroleum based diesel fuel. Cost has been a major factor in slowing down the commercialization of biodiesel. In order to improve the economy of this process two factors were investigated in this study: 1) use of beef tallow as raw material and 2) by-product utilization. Glycerol is the by-product of the esterification process. In this work the feasibility of the glycerolysis of the vegetable oils with crude glycerol, from the transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats, in a continuous high shear mixing reactor has been studied. The preliminary investigation indicates the potential for a higher yield of monoglycerides at more rmoderate temperatures than traditional processing. Transesterification of beef produces a mixture of esters which is more concetrated in the saturated fatty acids. Physical properties of these esters are similar to those esters of vegetable oils. Reaction results and properties for esters of beef tallow are presented.
Error Probabilities for Binary Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum Communications with Random Signature Sequences (1987)

Binary direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiple-access communications, an additive white Gaussian noise channel, and a coherent correlation receiver are considered. An expression for the output of the receiver is obtained for the case of random signature sequences, and the corresponding characteristic function is determined. The expression is used to study the density function of the multiple-access interference and to determine arbitrarily tight upper and lower bounds on the average probability of error. The bounds, which are obtained without making a Gaussian approximation, are compared to results obtained using a Gaussian approximation. The effects of transmitter power, the length of the signature sequences, and the number of interfering transmitters are illustrated. Each transmitter is assumed to have the same power, although the general approach can accommodate the case of transmitters with unequal powers.
Dynamic Simulation and Control-System Design for Gas/Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Separators (2001)

Summary Gas/Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC, copyright, the U. of Tulsa, 1994) separator performance can be improved considerably by adopting a suitable control strategy to reduce liquid carry-over into the gas stream or gas carry-under into the liquid stream. A dynamic model for control of GLCC liquid level and pressure with classical control techniques is developed in this paper for the first time. Detailed analysis of the GLCC control-system stability and transient response indicates that liquid-level control can be achieved effectively by a control valve in the liquid outlet for gas-dominated systems or by a control valve in the gas outlet for liquid-dominated systems. Based on the proposed linear-control system model, the system performance is simulated with a suitable software design tool. Experimental investigations have been conducted to evaluate the liquid-level and pressure-control systems. The novel control-system design approach presented in this paper forms a framework for the GLCC active control-system optimization.
Activation of the anterior cingulate cortex by thalamic stimulation in patients with chronic pain: a positron emission tomography study (2000)

The authors demonstrate that the ACC is activated during thalamic DBS in patients with chronic pain.
The Designed Assembly of Augmented Diamond Networks From Predetermined Pentanuclear Tetrahedral Units (2008)

Step by step: Pentanuclear clusters (see picture) are synthesized as building units for the construction of three-dimensional, diamondlike networks. The ESI mass spectra of these clusters reveal that the pentanuclear units maintain their structural integrity before condensing into frameworks, thereby allowing a successful step-by-step assembly. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z800403_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Trauma-related Infections in Battlefield Casualties From Iraq (2007)

Similar to the Vietnam War experience, gram-negative rods, particularly Acinetobacter species, accounted for the majority of wound infections cared for on USNS Comfort during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Multidrug resistance was common, with the exception of the carbapenem class, limiting antibiotic therapy options.
Ceramics for Catalysis (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Investment (1974)

In the study of economic behaviour one of the variables which is important at all levels of economic activity is investment: that is, the value of goods bought by the producing sector which will provide services in the future. This chapter is concerned with the factors affecting both the demand for net additions to capital stock and the replacement of capital assets, but ignoring the government sector and investment in housing and inventories. Alternative names for this gross investment are 'private sector non-dwelling gross fixed capital formation' or 'gross private fixed non-residential domestic investment'.
Statistical prediction of aircraft trajectory: regression methods vs point-mass model (2013)

Abstract—Ground-based aircraft trajectory prediction is a critical issue for air traffic management. A safe and efficient prediction is a prerequisite for the implementation of automated tools that detect and solve conflicts between trajectories. More-over, regarding the safety constraints, it could be more reasonable to predict intervals rather than precise aircraft positions. In this paper, a standard point-mass model and statistical regression method is used to predict the altitude of climbing aircraft. In addition to the standard linear regression model, two common non-linear regression methods, neural networks and Loess are used. A dataset is extracted from two months of radar and meteorological recordings, and several potential explanatory vari-ables are computed for every sampled climb segment. A Principal Component Analysis allows us to reduce the dimensionality of the problems, using only a subset of principal components as input to the regression methods. The prediction models are scored by performing a 10-fold cross-validation. Statistical regression results method appears promising. The experiment part shows that the proposed regression models are much more efficient than the standard point-mass model. The prediction intervals obtained by our methods have the advantage of being more reliable and narrower than those found by point-mass model.
Extracting Roadway Background Image: Mode-Based Approach (2006)

Traffic monitoring cameras are widely installed on streets and freeways in U.S. metropolitan areas. Video images captured from these video cameras can be used to extract many valuable traffic parameters through video image processing. A popular way to capture traffic data is to compare the current traffic images with the background image, which contains no vehicles or other moving objects, just background such as pavement. Once the moving vehicle images are separated from the background image, measurements of their number, speed, and so on can be obtained. Typically, background images are extracted from a video stream through image processing because it may be hard to find a frame without any vehicles for normal traffic streams on urban streets. This paper introduces a new method that can quickly extract the background image from traffic video streams for both freeways and intersections in a variety of prevailing traffic conditions. This method has been tested with field data, and the results are promising.
The Poetry of the Storm in King Lear (1951)

Journal Article The Poetry of the Storm in King Lear Get access George W. Williams George W. Williams The Citadel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 2, Issue 1, Winter 1951, Pages 57–72, https://doi.org/10.2307/2866729 Published: 01 January 1951
Chemical and physical properties of bone cement for vertebroplasty (2013)

Vertebral compression fracture is the most common complication of osteoporosis. It may result in persistent severe pain and limited mobility, and significantly impacts the quality of life. Vertebroplasty involves a percutaneous injection of bone cement into the collapsed vertebrae by fluorescent guide. The most commonly used bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty is based on the polymerization of methylmethacrylate monomers to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymers. However, information on the properties of bone cement is mostly published in the biomaterial sciences literature, a source with which the clinical community is generally unfamiliar. This review focuses on the chemistry of bone cement polymerization and the physical properties of PMMA. The effects of altering the portions and contents of monomer liquid and polymer powders on the setting time, polymerization temperature, and compressive strength of the cement are also discussed. This information will allow spine surgeons to manipulate bone cement characteristics for specific clinical applications and improve safety.
A knowledge-theoretic analysis of atomic commitment protocols (1987)

Article Free Access Share on A knowledge-theoretic analysis of atomic commitment protocols Author: V. Hadzilacos Department of Computer Science and Computer Systems Research Institute, University of Toronto Department of Computer Science and Computer Systems Research Institute, University of TorontoView Profile Authors Info & Claims PODS '87: Proceedings of the sixth ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systemsJune 1987Pages 129–134https://doi.org/10.1145/28659.28672Published:01 June 1987Publication History 40citation306DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations40Total Downloads306Last 12 Months22Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Publisher SiteeReaderPDF
Holistic Scheduling of Real-Time Applications in Time-Triggered In-Vehicle Networks (2014)

As time-triggered communication protocols [e.g., time-triggered controller area network (TTCAN), time-triggered protocol (TTP), and FlexRay] are widely used on vehicles, the scheduling of tasks and messages on in-vehicle networks becomes a critical issue for offering quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees to time-critical applications on vehicles. This paper studies a holistic scheduling problem for handling real-time applications in time-triggered in-vehicle networks where practical aspects in system design and integration are captured. The contributions of this paper are multifold. First, it designs a novel scheduling algorithm, referred to as <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Unfixed Start Time</i> (UST) algorithm, which schedules tasks and messages in a flexible way to enhance schedulability. In addition, to tolerate assignment conflicts and further improve schedulability, it proposes two rescheduling and backtracking methods, namely, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Rescheduling with Offset Modification</i> (ROM) and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Backtracking and Priority Promotion</i> (BPP) procedures. Extensive performance evaluation studies are conducted to quantify the performance of the proposed algorithm under a variety of scenarios.
Particle Size and Optical Properties of Montmorillonite in Suspension (1968)

Abstract The light absorption spectra of monoionic montmorillonite suspensions with Li, Na, K, Rb, NH 4 , Cs, Mg, Ca and Ba as adsorbed ions were studied in the wavelength range 200–800 mμ. Theoretical analysis of the spectra showed that in the visible range, only scattering is responsible for light intensity attenuation. The scattering was found to depend on the type of adsorbed ion and to increase systematically along the series from Li to Ba. This was attributed to increased particle size of the clay caused by parallel plate condensation to form tactoids. A geometrical model of a montmorillonite tactoid was assumed. The general dependence of the properties of such tactoids, and of their suspensions, on the number of plates per tactoid was formulated. Using the measured values of light absorbance index, and the theoretical model, the relative sizes, measured by the number of plates per tactoid, in the different ionic forms were calculated. The relative sizes thus estimated were found to agree favorably with relative sizes calculated from negative adsorption surface area measurements. A typical peak of specific light absorption was observed at 240–245 mμ, for both the suspensions and their clay‐free supernatant solutions. Though the compound responsible for this peak is unidentified yet, its quantity in the various suspensions could be roughly estimated. The quantity was found to be negatively correlated with the relative size of the tactoid. It was concluded that the average particle size of montmorillonite in suspension markedly and systematically depends on the type of adsorbed ion. The implications of this finding are discussed.
Shuffling a Stacked Deck: The Case for Partially Randomized Ranking of Search Engine Results (2005)

In-degree, PageRank, number of visits and other measures of Web page popularity significantly influence the ranking of search results by modern search engines. The assumption is that popularity is closely correlated with quality, a more elusive concept that is difficult to measure directly. Unfortunately, the correlation between popularity and quality is very weak for newly-created pages that have yet to receive many visits and/or in-links. Worse, since discovery of new content is largely done by querying search engines, and because users usually focus their attention on the top few results, newly-created but high-quality pages are effectively ``shut out,'' and it can take a very long time before they become popular. We propose a simple and elegant solution to this problem: the introduction of a controlled amount of randomness into search result ranking methods. Doing so offers new pages a chance to prove their worth, although clearly using too much randomness will degrade result quality and annul any benefits achieved. Hence there is a tradeoff between exploration to estimate the quality of new pages and exploitation of pages already known to be of high quality. We study this tradeoff both analytically and via simulation, in the context of an economic objective function based on aggregate result quality amortized over time. We show that a modest amount of randomness leads to improved search results.
Transition metal complexes of tetradentate and bidentate Schiff bases as catalysts for ethylene polymerization: Effect of transition metal and cocatalyst (2008)

Abstract This article compares catalytic performance of ethylene polymerization in similar polymerization conditions of transition metal complexes having two ligands [O,N] (phenoxy‐imine) and having one tetradentate ligand [O,N,N,O] (salphen or salen). It is shown that the activity of both complex types as well as the product properties depend in the same way on the type of central metal in the complex and on the cocatalyst used. Although the type of ligand has some effect on the catalyst activity, yet it does not control the properties of the obtained products. The vanadium and zirconium complexes, irrespective of the cocatalyst used, yield linear polyethylene with high molecular weight (a few hundred thousand g/mol). Similar products are formed when titanium complexes activated with MAO are employed. On the other hand, the same titanium complexes in conjunction with Et 2 AlCl, yield low molecular weight polyethylene (of a few thousand) and additionally a mixture of oligomers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 565–575, 2009
A wireless local area network modeling tool for scalable indoor access point placement optimization (2010)

When considering a new wireless local area network (WLAN) deployment a designer must consider many and often conflicting design metrics including environment configuration, coverage constraints, frequency assignment, co-channel interference, user demands on the WLAN, application types, number of access points and their position when undertaking a design. The multitude of factors that influence the performance of a WLAN highlights the challenge facing a designer to achieve a reliable and robust network design particularly for large deployments. It also emphasizes the need for a software tool that automatically and intuitively models a WLAN based on user specified demands. The research presented will describe such a network modeling, design, and evaluation tool that has been developed to aid designers when undertaking the difficult task of WLAN design and also used as a simulation test bed to evaluate various models such as propagation models, optimization approaches. The paper will particularly focus on the evaluation of a scalable optimization algorithm in the design tool that can be used to automatically optimize the number of access points required and their position to meet site specific demands in indoor environments.
Neuronal Expression of Zinc Finger Transcription Factor REST/NRSF/XBR Gene (1998)

The identification of a common cis-acting silencer element, a neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE), in multiple neuron-specific genes, together with the finding that zinc finger transcription factor REST/NRSF/XBR could confer NRSE-mediated silencing in non-neuronal cells, suggested that REST/NRSF/XBR is a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Here we show that, although REST/NRSF/XBR expression decreases during neuronal development, it proceeds in the adult nervous system. In situ hybridization analysis revealed neuronal expression of rat REST/NRSF/XBR mRNA in adult brain, with the highest levels in the neurons of hippocampus, pons/medulla, and midbrain. The glutamate analog kainic acid increased REST/NRSF/XBR mRNA levels in various hippocampal and cortical neurons in vivo, suggesting that REST/NRSF/XBR has a role in neuronal activity-implied processes. Several alternatively spliced REST/NRSF/XBR mRNAs encoding proteins with nine, five, or four zinc finger motifs are transcribed from REST/NRSF/XBR gene. Two of these transcripts are generated by neuron-specific splicing of a 28-bp-long exon. Rat REST/NRSF/XBR protein isoforms differ in their DNA binding specificities; however, all mediate repression in transient expression assays. Our data suggest that REST/NRSF/XBR is a negative regulator rather than a transcriptional silencer of neuronal gene expression and counteracts with positive regulators to modulate target gene expression quantitatively in different cell types, including neurons.
Novel dialkoxytriazine-type glycosyl donors for cellulase-catalysed lactosylation (2010)

Novel glycosidic compounds, 4,6-dialkoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl β-lactosides (DAT-β-Lac), have been prepared directly in water from lactose. The reaction was carried out on a laboratory scale without protecting the hydroxy groups of lactose. The resulting triazine derivatives were found to be recognized by endo-β1,4-glucanase III from Trichoderma reesei (EGIII). The EGIII-catalysed transglycosylation of 4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine derivative (DMT-β-Lac) with various glycosyl acceptors has successfully been demonstrated, affording the corresponding lactosylated products.
A Top-down Approach to Fabrication of High Quality Vertical Heterostructure Nanowire Arrays (2011)

We demonstrate a novel top-down approach for fabricating nanowires with unprecedented complexity and optical quality by taking advantage of a nanoscale self-masking effect. We realized vertical arrays of nanowires of 20-40 nm in diameter with 16 segments of complex longitudinal InGaAsP/InP structures. The unprecedented high quality of etched wires is evidenced by the narrowest photoluminescence linewidth ever produced in similar wavelengths, indistinguishable from that of the corresponding wafer. This top-down, mask-free, large scale approach is compatible with the established device fabrication processes and could serve as an important alternative to the bottom-up approach, significantly expanding ranges and varieties of applications of nanowire technology.
Re‐estimating the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a nationally representative sample of persons receiving care for HIV: results from the HIV cost and services utilization study (2002)

The objective of this study was to obtain accurate estimates of the prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the population represented by the HIV Costs and Services Utilization Study cohort. We constructed logistic regression models to predict DSM-IV diagnoses of depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic, and dysthymia among a subsample of the HCSUS cohort who in separate interviews completed the CIDI-SF and the full CIDI diagnostic interview. Diagnoses were predicted using responses to the CIDI-SF as well as other variables contained in the baseline and first follow-up interviews. Resulting regression equations were applied to the entire baseline and first follow-up samples to obtain new estimates of the prevalence of disorder. Compared to estimates based on the CIDI-SF alone, estimates obtained from this procedure provide a more accurate representation of the prevalence of the presence of any one of these four psychiatric disorders in this population, yielding more correct classifications and a lower false-positive rate. Prevalence rates reported in this study are as much as 16% lower than rates estimated using the CIDI-SF alone, but are still considerably higher than estimates for the general community population.
[Molecular design and immunoreactivity studies of multiple antigen peptide corresponding to hypervariable region 1 sequence of hepatitis C virus]. (2000)

The binding-reactivity of MAP to native antibody was obviously higher than that of LP, and there is a cross-reaction between them. It was possible to analyse conformational antigen epitopes in the region and develop HCV molecular vaccine by synthesizing MAP corresponding to HCV HVR1 sequences.
Conversational Agents as Web Services. (2004)

Abstract. We describe a Web-services based conversational agent architecture that combines logical inferences from the WordNet knowledge base and Web content extraction using Google’s Web-search API. Our agents interact with users over the Web, as voice-enabled animated characters and can reach wireless devices through Instant Messenger protocol adapters.