gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Responsive Kinetic Training Positively Increases Knee Joint Stability (2015)

Neuromuscular adaptations are primarily responsible for more explosive movements through recruitment of fast twitch muscle fibers; and as a result, rate of force development increases, which may increase joint stability. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of neuromuscular training on joint stability. Using the Ariel Computerized Exercise System (ACES), a 4-week training program was developed. Ten participants performed squats, leg drives, lateral squats, and deadlifts twice a week, for three sets of ten seconds each, at 50% of maximal velocity. Pre and post-tests were performed using the Landing Error Scoring System in Real Time (LESS-RT). Results indicated significant decrease in scores, indicating that the risk of injury had decreased and joint stability increased.
Region scheduling: an approach for detecting and redistributing parallelism (1990)

Region scheduling, a technique applicable to both fine-grain and coarse-grain parallelism, uses a program representation that divides a program into regions consisting of source and intermediate level statements and permits the expression of both data and control dependencies. Guided by estimates of the parallelism present in regions, the region scheduler redistributes code, thus providing opportunities for parallelism in those regions containing insufficient parallelism compared to the capabilities of the executing architecture. The program representation and the transformations are applicable to both structured and unstructured programs, making region scheduling useful for a wide range of applications. The results of experiments conducted using the technique in the generation of code for a reconfigurable long instruction word architecture are presented. The advantages of region scheduling over trace scheduling are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Simultaneous multithreading-based routers (2002)

This work considers the use of an SMT (simultaneous multithreading) processor in lieu of the conventional processor(s) in a router and evaluates quantitatively the potential gains as a result. An SMT processor exploits the benefits of both ILP (instruction level parallelism) and TLP (thread-level parallelism), suitable for the next generation routers, in which an increased number of functions are to be implemented. The use of an SMT processor not only allows router functions to be decomposed into multiple threads but also designates separate threads to handle different incoming traffic streams of a router to exploit TLP, potentially attaining performance improvement. Additionally, an SMT processor may admit new router functions or added traffic streams relatively easily without compromising much existing performance levels, via including a new thread (or threads) to perform one newly added function or traffic stream. This router design appears to have better flexibility and adaptability. In order to assess the benefits of this design approach, we implemented three key router functions (i.e., packet header extraction, packet header manipulation, and longest-prefix matching) as threads using an SMT simulator (SMTSIM) for performance evaluation. The results of this router design approach are collected and compared with those of conventional routers.
Positional dissociation between the genetic mutation responsible for pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib and the associated methylation defect at exon A/B: evidence for a long-range regulatory element within the imprinted GNAS1 locus (2001)

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib (PHP-Ib) is a paternally imprinted disorder which maps to a region on chromosome 20q13.3 that comprises GNAS1 at its telomeric boundary. Exon A/B of this gene was recently shown to display a loss of methylation in several PHP-Ib patients. In nine unrelated PHP-Ib kindreds, in whom haplotype analysis and mode of inheritance provided no evidence against linkage to this chromosomal region, we confirmed lack of exon A/B methylation for affected individuals, while unaffected carriers showed no epigenetic abnormality at this locus. However, affected individuals in one kindred (Y2) displayed additional methylation defects involving exons NESP55, AS and XL, and unaffected carriers in this family showed an abnormal methylation at exon NESP55, but not at other exons. Taken together, current evidence thus suggests that distinct mutations within or close to GNAS1 can lead to PHP-Ib and the associated epigenetic changes. To further delineate the telomeric boundary of the PHP-Ib locus, the previously reported kindred F, in which patient F-V/51 is recombinant within GNAS1, was investigated with several new markers and direct nucleotide sequence analysis. These studies revealed that F-V/51 remains recombinant at a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located 1.2 kb upstream of XL. No heterozygous mutation was identified between exon XL and an SNP approximately 8 kb upstream of NESP55, where this affected individual becomes linked, suggesting that the genetic defect responsible for parathyroid hormone resistance in kindred F, and probably other PHP-Ib patients, is located >or=56 kb centromeric of the abnormally methylated exon A/B. A region upstream of the known coding exons of GNAS1 is therefore predicted to exert, presumably through imprinting of exon A/B, long-range effects on G(s)alpha expression.
Low Prevalence of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Gene Mutations in Human Growth Disorders* (1990)

In an attempt to identify genetic lesions contributing to human growth disorders, we evaluated a prospectively recruited group of children with growth failure for mutations in the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene. Two complementary approaches were used: Southern blot analysis to examine the large scale organization of the gene, and a solution hybridization, nuclease protection assay to identify small alterations, such as point mutations. From a total of 61 subjects studied, 52 had no organic basis for their short stature. Analysis of chromosomal DNA from these individuals failed to reveal any variation in the IGF-I gene except for a HindIII site polymorphism which maps near the 3' end of the last IGF-I exon. No single nucleotide substitutions were found within IGF-I-coding regions. Since the frequency of the length polymorphism was the same for both normal-sized and short individuals, it is unlikely to be associated with growth abnormalities. Our results suggest that there is minimal DNA sequence variability in the human IGF-I gene and that mutations in IGF-I exons are infrequent causes of growth failure.
Homogeneous gas phase decomposition of oxides of nitrogen. Final report (1976)

Control of the emissions of oxides of nitrogen from conventional utility boilers continues as an environmental problem facing electric utilities. Present control techniques to limit oxides of nitrogen emissions entail combustion modifications which minimize oxygen availability or reduce peak flame temperatures. An alternative to limiting the formation of NO/sup x/ through combustion modifications are processes which lead to destruction of combustion generated NO/sup x/. Results showing the effect of temperature, excess oxygen level, initial NO/sup x/ level, and the amount of reducing agent injected are discussed in this report on project 461-1. Measurements of the emissions of ammonia and cyanide are also presented. (GRA)
Identification of Human <i>Ether-à-go-go</i> Related Gene Modulators by Three Screening Platforms in an Academic Drug-Discovery Setting (2010)

The human Ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) potassium channel is responsible for the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current that plays a critical role in the repolarization of cardiomyocytes during the cardiac action potential. In humans, inhibition of hERG by drugs can prolong the electrocardiographic QT interval, which, in rare instance, leads to ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. As such, several medications that block hERG channels in vitro have been withdrawn from the market due to QT prolongation and arrhythmias. The current FDA guidelines recommend that drug candidates destined for human use be evaluated for potential hERG activity ( www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/ucm074963.pdf ). Here, we employed automated planar patch clamp (APPC), high-throughput fluorescent Tl(+) flux, and moderate-throughput [³H]dofetilide competition binding assays to characterize a panel of 49 drugs for their activities at the hERG channel. Notably, we used the same HEK293-hERG cell line for all assays, facilitating comparisons of hERG potencies across screening platforms. In general, hERG inhibitors were most potent in APPC assays, intermediate potent in [³H]dofetilide binding assays, and least potent in Tl(+) flux assays. Binding affinity constants (pK(i) values) and Tl(+) flux potencies (pEC₅₀ values) correlated well with APPC pEC₅₀ values. Further, the inhibitory potencies of many known hERG inhibitors in APPC matched literature values from manual and/or automated patch clamp systems. We also developed a novel fluorescent Tl(+) flux assays to measure the effects of drugs that modulate hERG trafficking and surface expression.
Microsatellite marker analysis in screening for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). (2001)

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germ-line mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. It is relevant to identify HNPCC patients because colonoscopic screening of individuals with HNPCC mutations reduces cancer morbidity and mortality. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is characteristic of HNPCC tumors. A panel of five markers (BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346, and D17S250, the so-called Bethesda markers) has been proposed for screening for MSI. To test a hypothesis that the use of BAT26 alone is feasible in screening for MLH1/MSH2 mutation-positive HNPCC patients, we compared the MSI results of 494 colorectal cancer patients obtained using BAT26 with results obtained using the Bethesda markers. BAT26 was able to identify all 27 mutation-positive individuals in this series. The marker failed to identify 2 high MSI tumors and 20 low MSI tumors, all of which expressed MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 when scrutinized by immunohistochemistry.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Lipopolysaccharide Enhance Interferon-Induced Antichlamydial Indoleamine Dioxygenase Activity Independently (2000)

In macrophages, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhance the antichlamydial effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by increasing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity in a dose-dependent manner. Our objectives were to characterize the antichlamydial effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on IFN-induced IDO activity and to establish the relationship between LPS and TNF-alpha in IDO potentiation. TNF-alpha inhibited chlamydial growth in a dose-dependent manner only in IFN-treated macrophages. Furthermore, excess tryptophan reversed the effect of combined cytokine treatment, indicating that IDO alone was responsible for chlamydial inhibition. The promonocyte THP-1 cell line, previously used to model the effect of IL-1 on IDO mRNA expression, was treated with IFN-gamma and increasing concentrations of LPS or TNF-alpha. IDO mRNA was quantified by RT-PCR, and IDO activity was measured by HPLC at 24 and 48 h after treatment, respectively. Both LPS and TNF-alpha enhanced IDO activity and IDO mRNA expression, with maximal IDO induction at 100 ng/ml LPS or 5 ng/ml TNF-alpha. Anti-TNF-alpha failed to neutralize the effects of LPS treatment, and insufficient TNF-alpha or IL-1 was produced by LPS-treated THP-1 cells to account for the enhancing effect of LPS, indicating that the effect of LPS on IDO was independent of TNF-alpha and IL-1.
Increased efficacy of chemo- and radio-therapy by a hemoglobin solution in the 9L gliosarcoma. (1995)

Tissue oxygen tensions were measured in the rat 9L gliosarcoma under conditions of normal air breathing or carbogen breathing and after intravenous administration of a hemoglobin solution with air breathing or carbogen breathing. Administration of the hemoglobin decreased the level of hypoxia in the tumors. Treatment of the animals with the antiangiogenic combination of TNP-470 and minocycline also increased tumor oxygenation compared with untreated controls. Treatment with the antiangiogenic agents along with administration of the hemoglobin solution/carbogen breathing decreased the hypoxic fraction (% pO2 readings < or = 5 mmHg) from 71 % to 30%. Treatment of the tumor-bearing animals with BCNU or adriamycin modestly reduced hypoxia in the tumors, while treatment with fractionated radiation markedly increased hypoxia in the tumors. Tumor growth delay was used to assess the response of the subcutaneous tumor to the various treatment combinations. There was a strong correlation between increased therapeutic response and decreased tumor hypoxia. Tumor growth delay from BCNU increased from 5.3 days to 16.4 days with TNP-470/-minocycline/hemoglobin solution/carbogen. Similarly, the tumor growth delay from adriamycin increased from 3.9 days to 17.0 days with TNP-470/minocycline/hemoglobin solution/carbogen. Finally, the tumor growth delay from fractionated radiation increased from 4.8 days to 13.3 days with TNP-470/minocycline/hemoglobin solution/carbogen. When etanidazole was added to the complete radiation regimen, the tumor growth delay increased further to 20.5 days. These data show that the addition of non-toxic agents that increase tumor oxygenation to cytotoxic therapies can markedly increase therapeutic response.
3H nuclear magnetic resonance study of anaerobic glycolysis in packed erythrocytes. (1990)

The utility and power of 3H NMR spectroscopy as a technique for monitoring biological systems in vivo is illustrated with glucose metabolism in erythrocytes. Use of C-1-tritiated glucose allowed us to monitor the disappearance of the alpha and beta tritons, with the production of lactate and 1H3HO (HTO), as well as some intermediates. Spin lattice relaxation times (T1) were measured to avoid T1 distortion of the spectral intensities. Detection of the formation of 1 mM tritiated water in the presence of 110 M H2O protons and deuterons allows the eventual fate of the label in the pentose shunt to be observed in vivo.
The enamine route to 2-morpholinoisoflav-3-ene (1982)

In contrast to earlier reports, the condensation of N-styrylmorpholine with salicylaldehyde or with 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde gives 2-morpholinoisoflav-3-ene derivatives. 2-Morpholinoisoflav-3-ene can be hydrogenolysed in a useful synthesis of isoflavan; with acids it gives in high yield a remarkably stable di(isoflavenyl) ether (6); with triphenylmethyl perchlorate it gives isoflavylium perchlorate.A similar condensation with N-(cyclohexenyl)morpholine behaves differently, giving alcohols that are oxidised to chromone (or tetrahydroxanthone) derivatives, in accord with previous reports.
Analysis and resolution of vibration induced wire breaks in MQUAD cavity packages (2002)

Wire breaks near the second bond in MQUAD packages were found to be caused by a board depanelling process that used a high speed router. The router caused board vibrations that were transmitted to the internal cantilevered package leads. Reducing the cantilevered lead length, so that the lead resonant frequency is increased and the lead tip deflection is decreased effectively eliminates the wire breaks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Light and electron microscopic evidence of white spot disease in the giant tiger shrimp, <i>Penaeus monodon</i> (Fabricius), and the kuruma shrimp, <i>Penaeus japonicus</i> (Bate), cultured in Taiwan (1997)

Since 1992, mass mortalities among cultured giant tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius), and kuruma shrimp, Penaeus japonicus (Bate), have been observed in Taiwan. The condition is known as ‘white spot disease’ (WSD), based on the characteristic white spots on the cuticle of diseased shrimp. With the scanning electron microscope, two sizes of white spots were observed. Each spot represented a protrusion on the inside surface of the carapace. The composition of white spots was similar to that of the cuticule, most calcium, as determined with an energy dispersive spectrometer. Histological studies of moribund, infected specimens revealed degenerated cells, characterized by hypertrophied nuclei, in various meso‐ and ectodermal tissues. Infected tissues included cuticular epidermis, connective tissue, lymphoid organ, antennal gland, and haematopoietic, gill and nervous tissue. Nuclei were Feulgen‐positive and no occlusion body was found in the necrotic tissue. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of rod‐shaped and enveloped virions in the hypertrophied nuclei. The virions measured 298 ± 21 × 107 ± 8 nm in the giant tiger shrimp and 248 ± 12 × 104 ± 8 nm in the kuruma shrimp. In an experimental infection trial, cumulative mortality was 40% within 14 days under stress conditions. No mortality was observed in controls or in non‐stressed infected shrimp. Experimental infections show that environmental stressors such as ammonia may enhance the severity of WSD virus infections in cultured shrimp.
Ulocuplumab (BMS-936564 / MDX1338): a fully human anti-CXCR4 antibody induces cell death in chronic lymphocytic leukemia mediated through a reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway (2015)

The CXCR4 receptor (Chemokine C-X-C motif receptor 4) is highly expressed in different hematological malignancies including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The CXCR4 ligand (CXCL12) stimulates CXCR4 promoting cell survival and proliferation, and may contribute to the tropism of leukemia cells towards lymphoid tissues. Therefore, strategies targeting CXCR4 may constitute an effective therapeutic approach for CLL. To address that question, we studied the effect of Ulocuplumab (BMS-936564), a fully human IgG4 anti-CXCR4 antibody, using a stroma--CLL cells co-culture model. We found that Ulocuplumab (BMS-936564) inhibited CXCL12 mediated CXCR4 activation-migration of CLL cells at nanomolar concentrations. This effect was comparable to AMD3100 (Plerixafor--Mozobil), a small molecule CXCR4 inhibitor. However, Ulocuplumab (BMS-936564) but not AMD3100 induced apoptosis in CLL at nanomolar concentrations in the presence or absence of stromal cell support. This pro-apoptotic effect was independent of CLL high-risk prognostic markers, was associated with production of reactive oxygen species and did not require caspase activation. Overall, these findings are evidence that Ulocuplumab (BMS-936564) has biological activity in CLL, highlight the relevance of the CXCR4-CXCL12 pathway as a therapeutic target in CLL, and provide biological rationale for ongoing clinical trials in CLL and other hematological malignancies.
Turbo equalization and incremental redundancy tor advanced TDMA systems (2002)

The aim of this paper is to discuss a new receiver concept that will improve advanced TDMA system radio link performance. To demonstrate the usefulness of our approach, we choose to adopt the system parameters of Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) in our simulations. The disclosed receiver is based on a sub-optimal trellis-based soft-in soft-out (SISO) equalizer and SISO decoder The principle is to perform channel estimation, equalization, and decoding in an iterative fashion (i.e turbo equalization). Furthermore, we show that incremental redundancy, the sophisticated retransmission scheme retains for EDGE, can favourably benefit from such a receiver.
Sarcolemmal calcium transport in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction in rats (1992)

Because Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange and Ca2+ pump are thought to play a role in sarcolemmal Ca2+ movements, we examined the Na(+)-dependent Ca(2+)-uptake and ATP-dependent Ca(2+)-uptake activities in failing heart after myocardial infarction in rats. The left coronary artery was ligated, and the viable left ventricle was used 4, 8, and 16 wk later; sham-operated animals served as controls. Increased left ventricular diastolic pressure and decreased positive and negative change in pressure over time were observed in experimental animals at 4, 8, and 16 wk; these changes were associated with accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. The sarcolemmal Na(+)-dependent Ca2+ uptake was depressed in 4-, 8-, and 16-wk experimental hearts. The decrease in sarcolemmal Na(+)-dependent Ca2+ uptake in failing hearts was seen when the activity was assayed either as a function of time or Ca2+ concentration; a depression of maximal velocity without any change in activity constant for Ca2+ was observed. No alteration in the Ca2+ pump (ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation and Ca(2+)-stimulated adenosinetriphosphatase) activities was evident in the 4-, 8-, and 16-wk experimental groups. These data suggest that changes in the Na(+)-dependent Ca2+ handling by the sarcolemmal membrane may be associated with contractile abnormalities in this model of congestive heart failure.
The histidine-rich protein of the keratohyalin granules is the source of the free amino acids, urocanic acid and pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid in mammalian stratum corneum (1981)

Conference Article| October 01 1981 The histidine-rich protein of the keratohyalin granules is the source of the free amino acids, urocanic acid and pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid in mammalian stratum corneum IAN R. SCOTT; IAN R. SCOTT 1Unilever Research, Colworth Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CLIVE R. HARDING; CLIVE R. HARDING 2Unilever Research, Colworth Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN G. BARRETT JOHN G. BARRETT 3Unilever Research, Colworth Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1981) 9 (5): 389–390. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0090389 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation IAN R. SCOTT, CLIVE R. HARDING, JOHN G. BARRETT; The histidine-rich protein of the keratohyalin granules is the source of the free amino acids, urocanic acid and pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid in mammalian stratum corneum. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1981; 9 (5): 389–390. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0090389 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 Biochemical Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Pixel Classification Based on Gray Level and Local ``Busyness'' (1982)

An image can be segmented by classifying its pixels using local properties as features. Two intuitively useful properties are the gray level of the pixel and the ``busyness,'' or gray level fluctuation, measured in its neighborhood. Busyness values tend to be highly vari-able in busy regions; but great improvements in classification accuracy can be obtained by smoothing these values prior to classifying. An alternative possibility is to classify probabilistically and use relaxation to adjust the probabilities.
Immunofixation. I. General principles and application to agarose gel electrophoresis. (1976)

Immunofixation offers the worker an economical means of physically locating a protein in an electrophoretic strip and is ideally suited to forensic medicine, genetic studies, or research. The method is as simple and economical as the commonly used one- or two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, yet yields considerably more information.