gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and Synthesis of a Female-Produced Sex Pheromone for the Cerambycid Beetle Prionus Californicus (2009)

Females of the large cerambycid beetle Prionus californicus produce a powerful sex pheromone that attracts males. The pheromone was adsorbed on solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers inserted into the ovipositor sheath and analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection and GC-mass spectrometry. The pheromone was identified as an isomer of 3,5-dimethyldodecanoic acid by a combination of retention index comparisons and mass spectral interpretation. The mass spectrum was misleading because it exhibited enlarged fragment ions that were not representative of branch points or other obvious stabilizing structural elements. The structure was verified by synthesis of 3,5-dimethyldodecanoic acid as a mixture of all four possible isomers, and this mixture was highly attractive to male beetles in field bioassays. The SPME extracts also contained several other compounds that were tentatively identified as chain-extended homologs of the main pheromone component. This pheromone should prove useful for sampling and management of the beetle, which is an important pest of hops, and an occasional pest in a variety of orchard crops. Although this is the first female-produced pheromone to be identified from the Cerambycidae, there is considerable evidence for pheromone production by females of other species in the subfamily Prioninae. Thus, this pheromone and the associated methodology used in its identification should be useful in the identification of female-produced attractant pheromones from other members of the subfamily.
Activation of Choline Acetyltransferase by Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (1984)

Addition of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) to brain homogenates increased the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) but not that of acetylcholinesterase or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Activity of ChAT was increased in the anterior hypothalamus and in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus, but not in the parietal cortex or posterior hypothalamus. Increased activity occurred rapidly after VIP addition to homogenates and was maximal at 10(-7)M concentration. Kinetic analysis indicates that the Vmax of the enzyme is increased and the Km for choline, but not acetyl-coenzyme A, is decreased in the presence of VIP. Results support a possible VIP-cholinergic interaction in the CNS.
Investigating the binding properties of porous drug delivery systems using nuclear sensors (radiotracers) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy—Predicting conditions for optimum performance (2011)

Understanding how the size, charge and number of available pores in porous material influences the uptake and release properties is important for optimising their design and ultimately their application. Unfortunately there are no standard methods for screening porous materials in solution and therefore formulations must be developed for each encapsulated agent. This study investigates the potential of a library of radiotracers (nuclear sensors) for assessing the binding properties of hollow silica shell materials. Uptake and release of Cu(2+) and Co(2+) and their respective complexes with polyazacarboxylate macrocycles (dota and teta) and a series of hexa aza cages (diamsar, sarar and bis-(p-aminobenzyl)-diamsar) from the hollow silica shells was monitored using their radioisotopic analogues. Coordination chemistry of the metal (M) species, subtle alterations in the molecular architecture of ligands (Ligand) and their resultant complexes (M-Ligand) were found to significantly influence their uptake over pH 3 to 9 at room temperature. Positively charged species were selectively and rapidly (within 10 min) absorbed at pH 7 to 9. Negatively charged species were preferentially absorbed at low pH (3 to 5). Rates of release varied for each nuclear sensor, and time to establish equilibrium varied from minutes to days. The subtle changes in design of the nuclear sensors proved to be a valuable tool for determining the binding properties of porous materials. The data support the development of a library of nuclear sensors for screening porous materials for use in optimising the design of porous materials and the potential of nuclear sensors for high through-put screening of materials.
A back-gate coupling QVCO with Kvco linearization technique (2009)

A 4.03 GHz-4.97 GHz quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) with back-gate coupling and VCO gain (K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</sub> ) linearization techniques implemented in 0.35 ¿m SiGe BiCMOS process technology is presented. The back-gate coupling is adopted to improve the phase noise and to reduce the power consumption, and a voltage-level-shift circuit is used to linearize the VCO gain. The core circuit draws a 5.65 mA current from 3.0 V power supply. The measured phase noise at 1 MHz frequency offset is -102.76 dBc/Hz. And the measured K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</sub> is from 456 MHz/V to 744 MHz/V with a K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VCO</sub> ratio of 1.63.
Plasma Modification of Carbon Nanotubes and Bucky Papers (2007)

Due to their hydrophobic nature, carbon nanotubes (CNT) as well as CNT sheets (bucky papers) made thereof are limited in their applications. We use glow discharge plasma treatments to generate functional groups like alcohol or carboxylic groups on CNT sheets as well as on CNT powders to increase their wettability. The influence of plasma parameters such as power, pressure, treatment time, employed process gas, or gas mixture was investigated furthermore including post-treatment reactions. Hydrophilized samples were examined, e.g., by XPS, Raman, SEM, BET- and contact angle measurements or solubility tests. Cell adhesion and proliferation tests show the improvement of the bucky papers for their use as substrates for cell cultures or toxicity tests.
Fatigue Endurance Limit for Highway and Airport Pavements (2003)

The existence of a fatigue endurance limit has been postulated for a considerable time. With the increasing emphasis on extended-life hot-mix asphalt pavement, or perpetual pavement, verification of the existence of this endurance limit, a strain below which none or very little fatigue damage develops, has become a substantial consideration in the design of these new multilayered full-depth pavements. Fatigue data are presented that were collected on a surface mix and a binder mixture tested for an extended period from 5 million to 48 million load repetitions at strain levels down to 70 microstrain. The fatigue results are analyzed in the traditional manner and using the dissipated energy ratio. This analysis shows that there is a difference in the data at normal strain levels recommended for fatigue testing and at the low strain levels. This difference cannot substantiate an endurance limit using traditional analysis procedures, but the dissipated energy approach clearly shows a distinct change in material behavior at low flexural strain levels, which supports the fact that at low strain levels the damage accumulated from each load cycle is disproportionately less than what is predicted from extrapolations of fatigue testing at normal strain levels. This reduced damage may be attributed to the healing process. The conclusion of this study is that laboratory testing can verify the existence of a fatigue endurance limit in the range of 90 to 70 microstrain below which the fatigue life of the mixture is significantly extended relative to normal design considerations.
1-Trifluoromethylvinylsilane as a CF<sub>2</sub>C<sup>-</sup>−CH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> Synthon:  Synthesis of Functionalized 1,1-Difluoro-1-alkenes via Isolable 2,2-Difluorovinylsilanes (2003)

Various 1,1-difluoro-1-alkenes such as monosubstituted 1,1-difluoro-1-alkenes, 2-bromo-1,1-difluoro-1-alkenes, and 3,3-difluoroallylic alcohols are synthesized in two simple steps from 1-trifluoromethylvinylsilane: (i) its SN2' reaction with nucleophiles to construct 2,2-difluorovinylsilanes and (ii) the subsequent substitution of electrophiles for the vinylic silyl group. The combination of these two processes allows a one-pot synthesis of the functionalized 1,1-difluoro-1-alkenes starting from 1-trifluoromethylvinylsilane, which functions as a CF2=C(-)-CH2+ synthon.
Organizing multicast receivers deterministically by packet-loss correlation (1998)

Article Organizing multicast receivers deterministically by packet-loss correlation Share on Authors: Brian Neil Levine Computer Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz CA Computer Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz CAView Profile , Sanjoy Paul Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJView Profile , J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves Computer Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz CA Computer Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims MULTIMEDIA '98: Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on MultimediaSeptember 1998 Pages 201–210https://doi.org/10.1145/290747.290772Online:01 September 1998Publication History 51citation240DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations51Total Downloads240Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Smart grid, Distributed Generation, and standards (2011)

The purpose of this paper is to gather and document the most pertinent information about the “Smart Grid, ” explore its many components, and propose some suitable attributes while considering Distributed Generation (DG) interconnection as a major integral part. Effects of various Smart Grid components on Generation, Transmission, Substation and other sections of the power systems are identified and discussed. Latest DG interconnection rules and standards are reviewed and presented. Major technical concerns due to interconnection of DG at higher penetrations are investigated and explored by simulations using a utility grade computer program. Simulation results verifying the technical issues are presented. Some of the main limitations of the current rules and standards are pointed out. Some solutions and further research to overcome these limitations are proposed.
Induction of Inflammatory Arthropathy Resembling Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice Transgenic for HTLV-I (1991)

Human T cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) is the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia and has also been suggested to be involved in other diseases such as chronic arthritis or myelopathy. To elucidate pathological roles of the virus in disease, transgenic mice were produced that carry the HTLV-I genome. At 2 to 3 months of age, many of the mice developed chronic arthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis. Synovial and periarticular inflammation with articular erosion caused by invasion of granulation tissues were marked. These observations suggest a possibility that HTLV-I is one of the etiologic agents of chronic arthritis in humans.
Synthesis and characterization of Titanium Silicon Nitride (TiSiN) thin film: A review (2018)

In-depth studies on transition metal are required to understand about different properties of materials. Different deposition techniques like rf magnetron sputtering, hot pressing, ion beam assisted deposition, ion arc plating and chemical vapour deposition were employed to deposit TiSiN. The morphology, mechanical and structural properties of TiSiN thin film coating has been characterized by different processes (e.g. AFM, SEM, TEM, XRD, Nanoindentation etc.). Many researchers also studied mechanical properties to investigate different parameters like hardness, fracture toughness, Young's modulus etc. This review paper is aimed to summarize all the properties studied by the different researchers on titanium silicon nitride.
Effective control of crystal grain size in CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>perovskite solar cells with a pseudohalide Pb(SCN)<sub>2</sub>additive (2016)

We demonstrate effective morphology control of a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film with a lead(II) thiocyanate additive. The perovskite crystal size is remarkably enlarged from the nanometer to the micrometer scale with only 3% Pb(SCN)2 in solid perovskite films. Large-sized perovskite crystals enable effective enhancement of the carrier lifetime, which eventually leads to the overall improvement of the device performance of perovskite solar cells.
Engineering emergence: applied theory for game design (2012)

Dit proefschrift presenteert twee theoretische kaders voor het ontwerpen van games en beschrijft hoe game designers deze kunnen inzetten om het game ontwerpproces te stroomlijnen. Er bestaan op dit moment meerdere ontwerptheorie¨en voor games, maar geen enkele kan rekenen op een breed draagvlak binnen de game industrie. Vooral academische ontwerptheorie¨en hebben regelmatig een slechte reputatie. Het eerste kader dat game designers inzicht biedt in spelregels en hun werking heet Machinations en maakt gebruik van dynamische, interactieve diagrammen. Het tweede theoretische kader van dit proefschrift, Mission/Space, richt zich op level-ontwerp en spelmechanismen die de voortgang van een speler bepalen. In tegenstelling tot bestaande modellen voor level-ontwerp, bouwt Mission/Space voort op het idee dat er in een level twee verschillende structuren bestaan. Mission-diagrammen worden gebruikt om de structuur van taken en uitdagingen voor de speler te formaliseren, terwijl space-diagrammen de ruimtelijke constructie formaliseren. Beide constructies zijn aan elkaar gerelateerd, maar zijn niet hetzelfde. De verschillende wijzen waarop missies geprojecteerd kunnen worden op een bepaalde ruimte speelt uiteindelijk een belangrijke rol in de totstandkoming van de spelervaring.
[Molecular modeling of positioning of human release factor eRF1 relative to mRNA stop-codon explains a proximity of the eRF1 C-domain to stop-codon in ribosomal complex]. (2008)

A properties of atomic models of structure of eukaryotic triple complex eRF1 . mRNA . tRNAPhe containing human class-1 polypeptide release factor eRF1 at the A-site of human 80S ribosome, mRNA and P-site tRNAPhe, obtained before, are considered. The stricture of the complex is described using high resolution NMR structure of eRF1 M-domain. The structural properties of distribution of chemical cross-links are investigated, which allows us to choose correct model of positioning of the eRF1 molecule in ribosome A-site relative to stop codon of mRNA. A distributions of crosslinks between photoactivatable perfluoroaryl azide group of modified nucleotides of mRNA analogues and eRF1 molecule are modeled via molecular dynamics method. Twelve different mRNA analogues with modified nucleotides of stop signal in positions +4 to +9 with respect to the first nucleotide of the P-site codon are modeled. It was shown that only one of the two models of complex eRFI . mRNA . tRNA gives cross-link distribution in a good agreement with experimental data. A new features of the final structure of triple complex eRF1 . mRNA . tRNA is spatial proximity of stop-codon nucleotides to the C-domain of the eRF1, which explains previously obtained cross-link experimental data.
An Efficient Learning Procedure for Deep Boltzmann Machines (2012)

We present a new learning algorithm for Boltzmann machines that contain many layers of hidden variables. Data-dependent statistics are estimated using a variational approximation that tends to focus on a single mode, and data-independent statistics are estimated using persistent Markov chains. The use of two quite different techniques for estimating the two types of statistic that enter into the gradient of the log likelihood makes it practical to learn Boltzmann machines with multiple hidden layers and millions of parameters. The learning can be made more efficient by using a layer-by-layer pretraining phase that initializes the weights sensibly. The pretraining also allows the variational inference to be initialized sensibly with a single bottom-up pass. We present results on the MNIST and NORB data sets showing that deep Boltzmann machines learn very good generative models of handwritten digits and 3D objects. We also show that the features discovered by deep Boltzmann machines are a very effective way to initialize the hidden layers of feedforward neural nets, which are then discriminatively fine-tuned.
3  m InAs resonant-cavity-enhanced photodetector (2003)

This paper presents the design, fabrication and optoelectronic characterization of an InAs resonant-cavity-enhanced photodetector, intended for the detection of methane gas, incorporating a 10 period GaAs/AlAs distributed-Bragg reflector. The spectrally narrowed responsivity was resonantly enhanced to a value of 34.7 A W−1, at an applied voltage of 3.0 V. This high resonantly enhanced peak in the responsivity was at λ = 3.14 µm, which is only 5% away from the target value.
New isomeric classes of topically active ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: 5-substituted thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2-sulfonamides and 5-substituted thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-sulfonamides (1991)

A series of 5-substituted thieno[2,3-b]- and thieno[3,2-b)- and thieno[3,2-b)thiophene-2-sulfonamides was prepared and evaluated for topical ocular hypotensive activity in glaucoma models. The 5-substituents were varied to maximize both inhibitory potency against carbonic anhydrase and water solubility. At the same time, these substituents were varied in order to obtain compounds with the appropriate pKa to minimize pigment binding in the iris. All of these variables were optimized in the best compound, 5-[[(methoxyethyl)[(methoxyethyl)ethyl] amino]methyl]thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2-sulfonamide hydrochloride (55).
Bonded thin film lithium niobate modulator on a silicon photonics platform exceeding 100 GHz 3-dB electrical modulation bandwidth (2018)

We demonstrate an ultra-high-bandwidth Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator (EOM), based on foundry-fabricated silicon (Si) photonics, made using conventional lithography and wafer-scale fabrication, oxide-bonded at 200C to a lithium niobate (LN) thin film. Our design integrates silicon photonics light input/output and optical components, such as directional couplers and low-radius bends. No etching or patterning of the thin film LN is required. This hybrid Si-LN MZM achieves beyond 106 GHz 3-dB electrical modulation bandwidth, the highest of any silicon photonic or lithium niobate (phase) modulator.
Thermal stability of metal electrodes (Pt, Ru, & Ir) on polycrystalline silicon in ferroelectric capacitors (1997)

Abstract Electrode materials such as Pt, Ru, and Ir on polycrystalline silicon were annealed and the thermal stability was investigated to check the feasibility of the structure. Sputtered Pt reacted with silicon to form PtSi at a low temperature of 400 °C and the top layer of silicide was oxidized in oxygen ambient. Ru and Ir films by sputtering were also silicidized above 550 °C and it made voids beneath silicide layers. All of the films are found to allow oxygen to diffuse through them and to get the underlying layers oxidized. However, Ir deposited by e-beam evaporation did not form silicide up to 700 °C and did not get oxidized up to 550 °C. Ir also allowed oxygen diffusion when annealed at 550 °C or lower temperature, but it was prevented when annealed at 700 °C.
Superior efficacy of olanzapine over haloperidol: analysis of patients with schizophrenia from a multicenter international trial. (2001)

Olanzapine was more effective than haloperidol in treating a varied spectrum of patients with schizophrenia, including patients with positive, negative, or mixed symptom profiles and either a chronic or subchronic course of illness.
Survival and proliferation of nonneural tissues, with obstruction of cerebral ventricles, in a parkinsonian patient treated with fetal allografts (1996)

By intraventricular infusion, tissues from early-gestation sources can engraft successfully, grow, and survive for at least 23 months in the brain of a PD patient. However, contamination by, or differentiation into, nonneural tissues can occur, can lead to proliferation of tissues within ventricular spaces, and may result in ventricular obstruction. Grafts, whether intraventricular or intraparenchymal, are capable of inciting host responses, which in turn may limit their long-term survival. Finally, post-transplant clinical improvement in symptoms of PD may be unrelated to survival of engrafted neurons.
The Space Shuttle Ground Terminal Delta Modulation System (1978)

Shuttle voice processing uses a Variable Slope Delta Modulation scheme which is a variant of the ABATE algorithm. This paper summarizes the ground terminal subsystem which processes the multiplexed voice and telemetry data digital sequence in the downlink processing and digitizes the voice signal in the uplink processing. The Delta Modulation System (DMS) performance characteristics are given in terms of an intelligibility test score and in terms of time and frequency responses measured on a production system developed for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Implementation details of the encoder and decoder algorithms are given in terms of the circuit logic used to implement them.
Iconic representation of the human face with computer graphics (1974)

article Free Access Share on Iconic representation of the human face with computer graphics Authors: J. Eisenfeld University of Texas, Southwestern Medical School (UTSMS) University of Texas, Southwestern Medical School (UTSMS)View Profile , David R. Barker University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas (UTHSCD) University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas (UTHSCD)View Profile , David J. Mishelevich University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas (UTHSCD) University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas (UTHSCD)View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGGRAPH Computer GraphicsVolume 8Issue 3Fall 1974 pp 9–15https://doi.org/10.1145/988026.988028Published:01 September 1974Publication History 3citation150DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads150Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF