gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decomposition of oxamyl in soil and water (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDecomposition of oxamyl in soil and waterJohn Harvey Jr. and Jerry C. Y. HanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978, 26, 3, 536–541Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60217a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60217a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and performance of dual-element side-by-side heads (1987)

Because of the different design constraints for writing and reading with a thin-film head, considerable advantage can be gained from using two separate elements to provide the read and write functions. This paper discusses the design, fabrication and performance of an arrangement where the two elements are placed "side by sides on a single rail of a conventional 3380 slider. This approach offers excellent alignment and negligible coupling of the two elements, in contrast to the earlier "dual element superimposed" head design.
Nonstarch Polysaccharides Modulate Bacterial Microbiota, Pathways for Butyrate Production, and Abundance of Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in the Pig Gastrointestinal Tract (2010)

The impact of nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) differing in their functional properties on intestinal bacterial community composition, prevalence of butyrate production pathway genes, and occurrence of Escherichia coli virulence factors was studied for eight ileum-cannulated growing pigs by use of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) and quantitative PCR. A cornstarch- and casein-based diet was supplemented with low-viscosity, low-fermentability cellulose (CEL), with high-viscosity, low-fermentability carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), with low-viscosity, high-fermentability oat beta-glucan (LG), and with high-viscosity, high-fermentability oat beta-glucan (HG). Only minor effects of NSP fractions on the ileal bacterial community were observed, but NSP clearly changed the digestion in the small intestine. Compared to what was observed for CMC, more fermentable substrate was transferred into the large intestine with CEL, LG, and HG, resulting in higher levels of postileal dry-matter disappearance. Linear discriminant analysis of NSP and TRFLP profiles and 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for major bacterial groups revealed that CMC resulted in a distinctive bacterial community in comparison to the other NSP, which was characterized by higher gene copy numbers for total bacteria, Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas, Clostridium cluster XIVa, and Enterobacteriaceae and increased prevalences of E. coli virulence factors in feces. The numbers of butyryl-coenzyme A (CoA) CoA transferase gene copies were higher than those of butyrate kinase gene copies in feces, and these quantities were affected by NSP. The present results suggest that the NSP fractions clearly and distinctly affected the taxonomic composition and metabolic features of the fecal microbiota. However, the effects were more linked to the individual NSP and to their effect on nutrient flow into the large intestine than to their shared functional properties.
Germline copy number variations in <i>BRCA1</i>‐associated ovarian cancer patients (2010)

We investigated characteristics of germline copy number variations (CNV) in BRCA1-associated ovarian cancer patients by comparing them to CNVs present in sporadic ovarian cancer patients. Germline CNVs in 51 BRCA1-associated, 33 sporadic ovarian cancer patients, and 47 healthy women were analyzed by both signal intensity and genotyping data using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0. The total number of CNVs per genome was greater in the sporadic group (median 26, range 12-34) than in the BRCA1 group (median 21, range 11-35; post hoc P < 0.05) or normal group (median 20, range 7-32; post hoc P < 0.05). While the number of amplifications per genome was higher in the sporadic group (median 13, range 7-26) than in the BRCA1 group (median 8, range 3-23; post hoc P < 0.001), the number of deletions per genome was higher in the BRCA1 group (median 12, range 6-24) than in the sporadic group (median 9, range 3-17; post hoc P < 0.01). In addition, 31 previously unknown CNV regions were present specifically in the BRCA1 group. When we performed pathway analysis on the 241 overlapping genes mapped to these novel CNV regions, the 'purine metabolism' and '14-3-3-mediated signaling' pathways were over-represented (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.01). Our study shows that there are qualitative differences in genomic CNV profiles between BRCA1-associated and sporadic ovarian cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to clarify the significance of the genomic CNV profile unique to BRCA1-associated ovarian cancer patients.
Spatial perception of sound fields recorded by spherical microphone arrays with varying spatial resolution (2013)

The area of sound field synthesis has significantly advanced in the past decade, facilitated by the development of high-quality sound-field capturing and re-synthesis systems. Spherical microphone arrays are among the most recently developed systems for sound field capturing, enabling processing and analysis of three-dimensional sound fields in the spherical harmonics domain. In spite of these developments, a clear relation between sound fields recorded by spherical microphone arrays and their perception with a re-synthesis system has not yet been established, although some relation to scalar measures of spatial perception was recently presented. This paper presents an experimental study of spatial sound perception with the use of a spherical microphone array for sound recording and headphone-based binaural sound synthesis. Sound field analysis and processing is performed in the spherical harmonics domain with the use of head-related transfer functions and simulated enclosed sound fields. The effect of several factors, such as spherical harmonics order, frequency bandwidth, and spatial sampling, are investigated by applying the repertory grid technique to the results of the experiment, forming a clearer relation between sound-field capture with a spherical microphone array and its perception using binaural synthesis regarding space, frequency, and additional artifacts. The experimental study clearly shows that a source will be perceived more spatially sharp and more externalized when represented by a binaural stimuli reconstructed with a higher spherical harmonics order. This effect is apparent from low spherical harmonics orders. Spatial aliasing, as a result of sound field capturing with a finite number of microphones, introduces unpleasant artifacts which increased with the degree of aliasing error.
On the flow of a thin liquid film over a rotating disk (1991)

The depletion of thin liquid films due to the combined effect of centrifugation, surface roughness, and air shear has recently been studied. While surface roughness of a rotating solid disk can be represented by deterministic curves, it has been argued that spatial random processes provide a more realistic description. Chiefly because of surface roughness, there is an asymptotic limit of retention of a thin film flowing on the rotating disk. The aim of this article is twofold. First, the effect of disjoining pressure on the retention of a thin film is investigated. It is found that incorporating disjoining pressure term has small but still appreciable effect on the asymptotic limits of lubricant retention. For a partially wetting lubricant, the two components of the disjoining pressure function tend to have opposite influence on the lubricant retention; one enhances the retention, while the other diminishes it. Second, the robustness of stochastic description of surface roughness is examined. For a given mean and variance, it is noted that different probability distributions of the surface fluctuations lead, in the absence of air shear, to significantly different asymptotic limits of thin-film retention. If air shear is incorporated, this sensitivity is substantially attenuated.
Optical pulse propagation in doped fiber amplifiers (1991)

This paper provides a general treatment of the pulse-propagation problem in doped fiber amplifiers within the rate-equation approximation. The dopants are modeled as a two-level system whose dynamic response is governed by the population relaxation time ${\mathit{T}}_{1}$ and the dipole relaxation time ${\mathit{T}}_{2}$. For incident optical pulses with a width ${\mathit{T}}_{0}$ such that ${\mathit{T}}_{1}$\ensuremath{\gg}${\mathit{T}}_{0}$\ensuremath{\gg}${\mathit{T}}_{2}$, pulse amplification is governed by a Ginzburg-Landau-type equation that includes gain saturation, gain dispersion, fiber dispersion, fiber nonlinearity, and the detuning effects occurring when the carrier frequency of the input pulse does not coincide with the gain peak. In the absence of gain saturation, this equation has solitary-wave solutions in the form of chirped solitons. Our numerical results show that the chirped solitons are stable only in the normal-dispersion regime. In the case of anomalous dispersion, as is the case for erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, the amplified pulse develops many subpulses. The effect of gain saturation on pulse amplification is also discussed.
The Glasgow Coma Scale: time for change. (1992)

In spite of its acknowledged shortcomings and the emergence of parallel instruments with greater reliability and validity, the GCS continues to enjoy a privileged, but unwarranted, position in clinical and investigational contexts.
Memory and obesity affect the population dynamics of asexual freshwater planarians (2011)

Asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms is a complex biophysical process that is not yet well understood quantitatively. Here, we report a detailed population study for the asexual freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, which can reproduce via transverse fission due to a large stem cell contingent. Our long-term observations of isolated non-interacting planarian populations reveal that the characteristic fission waiting time distributions for head and tail fragments differ significantly from each other. The stochastic fission dynamics of tail fragments exhibits non-negligible memory effects, implying that an accurate mathematical description of future data should be based on non-Markovian tree models. By comparing the effective growth of non-interacting planarian populations with those of self-interacting populations, we are able to quantify the influence of interactions between flatworms and physical conditions on the population growth. A surprising result is the non-monotonic relationship between effective population growth rate and nutrient supply: planarians exhibit a tendency to become 'obese' if the feeding frequency exceeds a critical level, resulting in a decreased reproduction activity. This suggests that these flatworms, which possess many genes homologous to those of humans, could become a new model system for studying dietary effects on reproduction and regeneration in multicellular organisms.
Charge-dependent translocation of<i>Bordetella pertussis</i>adenylate cyclase toxin into eukaryotic cells: Implication for the<i>in vivo</i>delivery of CD8<sup>+</sup>T cell epitopes into antigen-presenting cells (1998)

Bordetella pertussis secretes a calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase toxin, CyaA, that is able to deliver its N-terminal catalytic domain (400-aa residues) into the cytosol of eukaryotic target cells, directly through the cytoplasmic membrane. We have previously shown that CyaA can be used as a vehicle to deliver T cell epitopes, inserted within the catalytic domain of the toxin, into antigen-presenting cells and can trigger specific class I-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell responses in vivo. Here, we constructed a series of recombinant toxins harboring at the same insertion site various peptide sequences of 11-25 amino acids, corresponding to defined CD8(+) T cell epitopes and differing in the charge of the inserted sequence. We show that inserted peptide sequences containing net negative charges (-1 or -2) decreased or completely blocked (charge of -4) the internalization of the toxin into target cells in vitro and abolished the induction of cytotoxic T cell responses in vivo. The blocking of translocation due to the inserted acidic sequences can be relieved by appropriate mutations in the flanking region of CyaA that counterbalance the inserted charges. Our data indicate that (i) the electrostatic charge of the peptides inserted within the catalytic domain of CyaA is critical for its translocation into eukaryotic cells and (ii) the delivery of T cell epitopes into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells by recombinant CyaA toxins is essential for the in vivo stimulation of specific cytotoxic T cells. These findings will help to engineer improved recombinant CyaA vectors able to stimulate more efficiently cellular immunity.
Improved error-table compensation of A/D converters (1997)

Previous work has shown that phase-plane and state-space error tables can be used to improve the linearity of analogue-to-digital converters. The calibration signals used to generate the error table were incremented amplitude sinusoids, leaving unfilled regions in the table that correspond to the high input signal frequencies and amplitude levels, and usually highest error. The paper proposes the use of more elaborate calibration signals for generating the error tables. It is shown that the use of pseudorandom calibration signals leads to superior error-table coverage and improved compensation over the frequency range of interest. The error-table compensation method is briefly compared with an alternative technique based on the Volterra inverse.
Visualization of two and three dimensional antenna patterns (2002)

An educational software package (APV) is developed for the analysis and design for different types of antenna and antenna arrays. The software is interactive and provides three and two dimensional views for the computed far field patterns. Different plane cuts, in the three dimensional representation are immediately accessible after generating the far field pattern. The two dimensional patterns can be displayed in rectangular or polar format with relative or dB scales. Other relevant antenna parameters such as input impedance, radiation resistance and power, and directivity are also computed and displayed for user information. The APV software runs on IBM or compatible personal computers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automatic system for VLSI on-chip clock synthesizers characterization (2005)

Analyzing the ability of clock generation circuits to provide a high quality chip clock for synchronous systems is very critical. This is important in order to ensure stable functioning of such systems at the highest frequencies, in addition to ensuring reliable communications between core, on-chip peripherals, external peripherals and memory. We propose a clock synthesizer characterization system, which performs measurements automatically, according to the clock synthesizer's mode, frequency, power supply voltage and ambient temperature. The system is intended to work in both quiet and noisy environments. The accuracy of the measurements, together with the system's high flexibility and speed, allows on-the-spot characterizations, which in turn results in a detailed, statistically reliable picture of the clock signal's quality. Practical experience has shown that this system is effective, not only for clock synthesizer characterization, but for failure analysis as well.
Directed evolution to probe protein allostery and integrin I domains of 200,000-fold higher affinity (2006)

Understanding allostery may serve to both elucidate mechanisms of protein regulation and provide a basis for engineering active mutants. Herein we describe directed evolution applied to the integrin alpha(L) inserted domain for studying allostery by using a yeast surface display system. Many hot spots for activation are identified, and some single mutants exhibit remarkable increases of 10,000-fold in affinity for a physiological ligand, intercellular adhesion molecule-1. The location of activating mutations traces out an allosteric interface in the interior of the inserted domain that connects the ligand binding site to the alpha7-helix, which communicates allostery to neighboring domains in intact integrins. The combination of two activating mutations (F265S/F292G) leads to an increase of 200,000-fold in affinity to intercellular adhesion molecule-1. The F265S/F292G mutant is potent in antagonizing lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1-dependent lymphocyte adhesion, aggregation, and transmigration.
A New UV-A/B Protecting Pigment in the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium <i>Nostoc commune</i> (1988)

A new ultraviolet (UV)-A/B absorbing pigment with maxima at 312 and 330 nanometers from the cosmopolitan terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune is described. The pigment is found in high amounts (up to 10% of dry weight) in colonies grown under solar UV radiation but only in low concentrations in laboratory cultures illuminated by artificial light without UV. Its experimental induction by UV as well as its capacity to efficiently protect Nostoc against UV radiation is reported.
Failure of the Mecring screw-ring acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty. A three to seven-year follow-up study. (1995)

We prospectively studied the results of 411 consecutive total hip arthroplasties with a Mecring screw-ring acetabular component inserted without cement combined with a Stanmore femoral stem inserted with cement. The duration of follow-up ranged from three to seven years (mean, four years and six months). Three hundred and thirty-one patients (378 hips) were available for physical examination and had a complete set of radiographs. The clinical result was good or excellent for 82 per cent (309) of the 378 hips. However, the rate of radiographic loosening of the acetabular component, as evidenced by migration at the most recent follow-up examination, was alarmingly high: 25 per cent (ninety-five) of the 378 hips. In general, these patients did not have serious clinical symptoms. The cups in women migrated significantly more often (p = 0.003) than those in men. Migration was also more frequent in patients who were less than fifty-one years old and in patients in whom the index procedure was a revision arthroplasty, but these differences were not significant. Twenty-one (6 per cent) of the acetabular cups were revised for aseptic loosening. The high rate of radiographic loosening has led us to abandon the use of the Mecring screw-ring acetabular component.
Three‐dimensional discrete element simulation for granular materials (2006)

Purpose Develop a new three‐dimensional discrete element code (BLOKS3D) for efficient simulation of polyhedral particles of any size. The paper describes efficient algorithms for the most important ingredients of a discrete element code. Design/methodology/approach New algorithms are presented for contact resolution and detection (including neighbor search and contact detection sections), contact point and force detection, and contact damping. In contact resolution and detection, a new neighbor search algorithm called TLS is described. Each contact is modeled with multiple contact points. A non‐linear force‐displacement relationship is suggested for contact force calculation and a dual‐criterion is employed for contact damping. The performance of the algorithm is compared to those currently available in the literature. Findings The algorithms are proven to significantly improve the analysis speed. A series of examples are presented to demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms and the overall discrete element method (DEM) code. Originality/value Long computational times required to simulate large numbers of particles have been a major hindering factor in extensive application of DEM in many engineering applications. This paper describes an effort to enhance the available algorithms and further the engineering application of DEM.
Sensing refractive-turbulence profiles (Cn^2) using wave front phase measurements from multiple reference sources (1992)

A new technique for sensing refractive-turbulence profiles is described. The technique is based on performing a spatial correlation of the measured wave front phase from two reference sources. This technique is unique in that the correlation properties of the wave front phase are used instead of the more common approach of using optical scintillations. The geometry between the reference sources and the two wave front sensor apertures is arranged such that the two optical paths cross at some point in front of the sensor plane. The wave front phase for each reference source is reconstructed from the measured wave front sensor data. A spatial correlation of the two reconstructed phase maps is performed. From this correlation we are able to extract a measure of the structure constant of the refractive-index fluctuations C(n)(2). The resolution of the technique depends on the angle between the optical paths, the spatial frequency response of the wave front sensors, as well as the size of the wave front sensorapertures. For sensing the vertical profile of C(n)(2), we can obtain resolution of the order of 100 m by using sources separated by 1.15 degrees .