gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increasing power capture from multibody wave energy conversion systems using model predictive control (2015)

This study presents an advanced control scheme capable of significantly increasing power production from wave energy conversion (WEC) systems. This control scheme uses a reactive power approach built upon a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework and is capable of optimizing power capture while also respecting machine constraints (e.g. velocity, maximum force, etc.). The controller can also take into account body-to-body interactions to improve accuracy and maximize power across a system of devices. The result is a robust controller which requires only position and velocity as exogenous inputs. All other signals, including excitation force from the sea, are either estimated or predicted within the controller. It is applicable to any WEC (or array thereof) equipped with a power take off (PTO) which can deliver power - as opposed to absorbing alone - and it can be applied both in simulation and hardware. Results from this study show that improvements in average power capture of up to 500% vs. fixed passive damping are possible without exceeding reasonable machine constraints. These results were obtained in simulation using an array of five point absorber WECs in a realistic sea state.
A One‐Pot Four‐Component (ABC<sub>2</sub>) Synthesis of Macrocycles (2003)

Six bonds are generated in one pot with concomitant creation of two oxazole groups as part of a new macrocycle. Simply mixing a diamine (2) and an aldehyde (3; 1:2 molar ratio) in MeOH at room temperature, followed by addition of diisocyanoacetamide (4) and heating at reflux, provides symmetric cyclophanes in good yield.
Angiopeptin as a Potent Inhibitor of Myointimal Hyperplasia (1993)

We studied a pharmacologic approach using a potent peptidyl antiproliferative agent, angiopeptin, to prevent the myointimal hyperplasia that occurs as a diseased vessel is replaced with an artificial graft or treated by an intravascular device. In vitro cell culture studies showed that the proliferative potential of smooth muscle cells was dose dependently reduced, whereas the migratory response was reduced to a lesser degree. In a well defined injured rat artery model, in which a denuded aorta was prepared by collagenase treatment, followed by isotransplantation, a remarkable suppressive effect of angiopeptin on myointimal hyperplasia was observed with daily subcutaneous injection. Local sustained release from a biodegradable polymeric gel coated on an injured vessel was also effective in the prevention of myointimal hyperplasia. Slightly retarded endothelial regeneration was noticed. The potential application to small caliber artificial grafts is discussed.
An effective BIST scheme for ROM's (1992)

A built-in self-test (BIST) scheme for ROMs that has very high fault coverage and very small likelihood of error escape (aliasing) is described. For test generation, the scheme uses the exhaustive test technique. For output data evaluation the scheme uses both time and space compactors. Linear space compaction is performed using a multiple-input linear feedback shift register (MISR). For time compaction, nonlinear compaction (count-based) enhanced by the output data modification (ODM) technique is used. Space compaction is further enhanced by using a bidirectional MISR.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Autonomic Security and Self-Protection based on Feature-Recognition with Virtual Neurons (2006)

The Internet and networks are not security-oriented by design so that myriad problems are compromising today's computer systems. This paper presented an autonomic security mechanism based on the virtual neurons and feature recognition. A prototype model of the virtual neuron is designed and the distributed virtual neurons are organized in a compound peer-to-peer and hierarchical structure. Then, the autonomic security mechanism is implemented via features recognized by the distributed virtual neurons. The paper presented how the feature recognition and virtual neurons work to automatically detect various security problems that are currently hard to defend against, including eavesdropping, replay, masquerading, spoofing, and DoS. A simulation system was developed and different cases were studied
Fast Computation of Rotation-Invariant Image Features by an Approximate Radial Gradient Transform (2012)

We present the radial gradient transform (RGT) and a fast approximation, the approximate RGT (ARGT). We analyze the effects of the approximation on gradient quantization and histogramming. The ARGT is incorporated into the rotation-invariant fast feature (RIFF) algorithm. We demonstrate that, using the ARGT, RIFF extracts features 16× faster than SURF while achieving a similar performance for image matching and retrieval.
Postoperative behaviour changes and pain in children, 2 to 12 years, following inpatient and day case surgery (2010)

may suffer negative outcomes following admission to hospital. Previous research\nin the USA, Finland, Sweden and Australia has shown that up to 54% of children exhibit\nproblematic behaviours (PB) 2 weeks post-discharge and 16% at one month. Risk factors\nincluded higher child/parent pre-operative anxiety, child temperament, pre-surgical\nbehavioural disturbances, younger age, premedication, and pain at home. The incidence of\npost-hospital PB in British children is not known and potential influencing variables have\nnot been examined.\nThe aims of this study were to describe and compare children’s post-hospital PB following\nday case or inpatient surgery and to examine the association of parent, child, pre-operative\nand in-hospital factors with parent and child anxiety, preparation for surgery and child posthospital\nPB and postoperative symptoms.\nA descriptive, repeated measures study design was used, involving self-report\nquestionnaires, direct observation of behaviour and post-discharge questionnaire follow-up.\nChildren, 2 to 12 years, scheduled for general, ENT and urology surgery under general\nanaesthesia were invited to participate.\n73.3% children exhibited PB and 93.4% were in some pain (≥1, 0-10 NRS) on day 2 postdischarge\nfrom hospital. The incidence of PB and pain decreased significantly over the\nfollow-up period with 31.8% children exhibiting PB and 25.2% experiencing pain at the\nend of week 4. PB and pain were associated with families taking additional time off\nwork/school and increased follow-up healthcare. Following multivariate regression\nanalyses, factors associated with PB were parents’ level of preparation for their child’s care\nat home, higher parent education, younger child age, the child’s previous pain experience,\nchildren who did not attend pre-admission clinics, child and parent anxiety, children who\nstayed overnight in hospital, and higher child pain intensity at home. The findings suggest that poorer parent self-efficacy in caring for their child in hospital and at home are\nassociated with increased child negative outcomes at home.
Major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of exogenous and endogenous protein-derived peptides by a transfected human monocyte cell line. (1995)

Monocyte/macrophages are professional antigen-presenting cells of the cellular immune system, serving to generate peptides for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted recognition by CD4+ T-lymphocyte effector cells. Antigen presentation by these cells involves the internalization of extracellular proteins and their fragmentation within vacuolar compartments. The resulting peptides become associated with MHC class II molecules. The final destination of exogenous peptide antigens, however, is not absolute in monocytes. Processed peptides, derived from exogenous proteins, can also associate with MHC class I molecules. To study simultaneous presentation of peptides derived from exogenous and endogenous proteins by human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, we isolated the peptides from a human immunodeficiency virus nef transfected U937 monocytic cell line. The HLA class I-bound peptides were separated by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography. Comparison of the peptide sequence data with protein databases revealed that the peptides derived from extracellular, as well as intracellular, proteins, suggesting that monocytes have a more generalized MHC class I antigen-processing pathway than previously documented.
cGAS and Ifi204 Cooperate To Produce Type I IFNs in Response to <i>Francisella</i> Infection (2015)

Type I IFN production is an important host immune response against viral and bacterial infections. However, little is known about the ligands and corresponding host receptors that trigger type I IFN production during bacterial infections. We used a model intracellular pathogen, Francisella novicida, to begin characterizing the type I IFN response to bacterial pathogens. F. novicida replicates in the cytosol of host cells and elicits a robust type I IFN response that is largely TLR independent, but is dependent on the adapter molecule STING, suggesting that the type I IFN stimulus during F. novicida infection is cytosolic. In this study, we report that the cytosolic DNA sensors, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and Ifi204, are both required for the STING-dependent type I IFN response to F. novicida infection in both primary and immortalized murine macrophages. We created cGAS, Ifi204, and Sting functional knockouts in RAW264.7 macrophages and demonstrated that cGAS and Ifi204 cooperate to sense dsDNA and activate the STING-dependent type I IFN pathway. In addition, we show that dsDNA from F. novicida is an important type I IFN stimulating ligand. One outcome of cGAS-STING signaling is the activation of the absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome in response to F. novicida infection. Whereas the absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome is beneficial to the host during F. novicida infection, type I IFN signaling by STING and IFN regulatory factor 3 is detrimental to the host during F. novicida infection. Collectively, our studies indicate that cGAS and Ifi204 cooperate to sense cytosolic dsDNA and F. novicida infection to produce a strong type I IFN response.
Electrodeposition of Silver-Aluminum Alloys from a Room-Temperature Chloroaluminate Molten Salt (2001)

The electrodeposition of silver-aluminum alloys was investigated at platinum and tungsten electrodes in the Lewis acidic aluminum chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride molten salt containing electrogenerated silver(I) at 25°C. Sampled-current voltammetry indicated that it is possible to electrodeposit Ag-Al alloys at potentials positive of that where the bulk deposition of aluminum is normally observed (∼0 V). The aluminum content of these alloys varied with the applied potential and displayed an inverse dependence on the silver(I) concentration, indicating that the alloy formation process was kinetically limited. Experiments conducted in melts with different compositions revealed that at a fixed potential and silver(I) concentration, the atomic fraction of aluminum in the alloy is virtually independent of the melt composition. At high concentrations, silver(I) adsorbs on platinum and tungsten, but this process is inhibited by the addition of benzene. The adsorption process does not appear to affect the codeposition of aluminum with silver. X-ray diffraction analysis of bulk Ag-Al alloy electrodeposits prepared in melt containing benzene as a cosolvent indicated the presence of both face-centered cubic Ag and hexagonal close-packed © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Apodized-Aperture Pixel Design X-Ray Detector for Improvement of Detective Quantum Efficiency at High Spatial Frequencies (2015)

The detective quantum efficiency (DQE) is a characteristic of x-ray imaging systems describing how well a system can produce high signal-to-noise ratio images compared to an ideal detector. In medical radiography, increases in DQE result directly in increases in image SNR for a given x-ray exposure, and improved SNR has been shown to improve breast cancer detection rates in screening programs. Typically, modern x-ray detectors have DQE values about 0.6 to 0.7 at low spatial frequencies and 0.2 to 0.3 or less at high spatial frequencies. We describe a method to improve the high frequency DQE by developing a novel apodized-aperture pixel (AAP) design that can be implemented with detectors having very small elements. We show theoretically that the high-frequency DQE can be doubled using this approach. Experimental validation shows an increase from 0.2 to 0.4 at the sampling cut-off frequency (2.5 cycles/mm) for a laboratory CMOS/CsI detector. It is predicted the high-frequency DQE of a Se-based detector for mammography could be increased from 0.35 to 0.7. Such increases would improve visualization of small objects and fine detail in x-ray imaging by a factor of two.
Carboranes other than C2B10H12 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarboranes other than C2B10H12Bohumil StibrCite this: Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 2, 225–250Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00010a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views846Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Selection approaches to catalytic systems (1997)

The key feature of enzymic catalysis is recognition of the transition state. Synthesis of designed systems rarely leads to successful catalysts as the rules for conformation and intermolecular interactions are to imperfectly understood. This review describes several current ‘selection’ approaches to the generation of systems that can recognise transitionstate analogues. Examples covered include catalytic antibodies, ribozymes, imprinted polymers. Combinatorial chemistry, and thermodynamic templating. All have the potential to yeild effective catalysts without prior design of every detail.
Shear‐Induced Alignment in Thin Films of Spherical Nanodomains (2005)

Large-scale alignment of bilayer block copolymer films by applying in-plane shear is demonstrated. The method eliminates all disclinations and most dislocations from arbitrarily large samples, as evidenced by atomic force microscopy of the microdomain lattice (Figure, left) as well as its Fourier transform (Figure, right). The resulting films can act as ordered nanolithographic templates.
Visual Odometry Using 3-Dimensional Video Input (2011)

Using Visual Odometry a robot can track its trajectory using video input. This allows more accurate ego-motion estimation when compared to classical odometry which relies on measurement of wheel motion. The Microsoft Kinect sensor provides 3D imagery, similar to a LASER or LIDAR scanner, which can be used for visual odometry with a single sensor. This diers from usual implementations that require stereo vision with two or more standard image sensors. The system has advantages over a laser scanner in that it provides a video image as well as depth information such that matching using feature detectors such as SIFT or SURF is possible. Visual odometry is performed by matching 3D points that have 2D descriptors. This paper presents and implements a visual odometry system for a mobile robot that utilizes feature detection and tracking combined with a low cost 3D video sensor, Microsoft's Kinect.
Real-Time PCR: an Effective Tool for Measuring Transduction Efficiency in Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (2004)

Accurate measurement of gene transfer into hematopoietic progenitor cells is an essential prerequisite for assessing the utility of gene therapy approaches designed to correct hematologic defects. We developed a reliable method to measure transduction efficiency at the level of the progenitor cell with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of individual progenitor-derived colonies. We hypothesized that this method would demonstrate better sensitivity and specificity than are currently achievable with conventional PCR. An oncoretroviral vector containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein was used to transduce human CD34<sup>+</sup> cells derived from bone marrow or granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood. Progenitor assays were set up and colonies plucked after visualization by fluorescence microscopy. By analyzing microscopically identified fluorescent samples and nontransduced samples, we calculated an overall sensitivity and specificity of 90.2 and 95.0%, respectively. Real-time PCR had higher specificity and sensitivity than conventional PCR as analyzed by generalized linear models (P = 0.002 and P = 0.019, respectively). In conclusion, we found real-time PCR to have superior sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional PCR in determining transduction efficiency of hematopoietic progenitor cells.
Key Lipid Oxidation Products Can Be Used to Predict Sensory Quality of Fish Oils with Different Levels of EPA and DHA (2012)

Despite its many health benefits, many consumers avoid fish oil supplements due to fishy tastes and odors. Common chemical measures of oxidation have little correlation with sensory properties, making it difficult to determine the sensory quality of fish oil without the use of an expensive sensory panel. Here we investigate an alternative method to assess oxidation using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fish oils containing different amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were oxidized, and headspace volatiles were monitored over time and compared to sensory evaluations by a taste panel. Peroxide value and anisidine value were also measured. Sensory panel scores and headspace volatile data were analyzed using principal component analysis and linear regression to identify key volatiles responsible for changes in sensory degradation of oils over time. A total of eight compounds were identified, primarily aldehydes and ketones. By monitoring these volatiles, it may be possible to create a simple method to assess oxidation in fish oils that correlates well with sensory properties of the oil without the use of a sensory panel.
Effect of Energy and Protein on Reproductive Performance in Beef Cattle (1991)

Beef cattle rank first in cash receipts in 21 states and are among the top "five income-producing agricultural commodities in 47 of the 50 states. Estimated losses from infertility in cattie exceed by more than 5X the cost of the next most costly bovine disease problem. The 37 million beef cows in the U.S. in 1978 weaned only 27.4 million calves, or 74% of the total possible. The goal of beef cow/calf production is to maximize the net calf crop--the pounds of calf produced per cow in the herd--in the most economical manner possible. Many factors influence productivity, but one of the keys is to achieve a high level of reproductive performance, and a very important part of successfully accomplishing this is a sound nutrition program.
Evaluation of referenceless thermometry in MRI‐guided focused ultrasound surgery of uterine fibroids (2008)

Based on the small error when compared with the standard technique, this method appears to be adequate for temperature monitoring of MRgFUS in uterine fibroids and may prove useful for monitoring temperature changes in moving organs.
Spatial Colour Matching for Content Based Retrieval and Navigation (1999)

In this paper we describe two approaches for providing a versatile mechanism for retrieval and navigation using spatially related feature selections. As an example, we build colour histograms from images, and use a quadratic histogram match to achieve a retrieval method based on the spatial colour distribution of the images. Navigation is facilitated by a larger architecture, called MAVIS (Multimedia Architecture for Video, Image and Sound), which is an on-going research project to provide an integrated and networked approach to multimedia content based retrieval and navigation. Demonstrations are provided of the two presented retrieval methods in action.
A novel critical-conduction-mode bridgeless interleaved boost PFC rectifier (2014)

A novel bridgeless interleaved boost PFC rectifier is proposed for improving power efficiency and system performance in this paper. By combining the conventional bridgeless topology and the interleaved technology, this rectifier is comprised of two interleaved boost branches without the front-end diode bridge. Each branch operates in every half-line cycle, together with the current following through a minimum number of switching devices. By using the interleaved approach, this topology not only decreases the current stress of the switching devices but also reduces the current and voltage ripple. Moreover, as operating in critical-conduction-mode (CrM), all the switches can achieve soft-switching characteristics to reduce the switching loss and evidently raise the conversion efficiency. Using a conventional interleaved controller, simple control scheme can be employed to the proposed converter. The operational principle and theoretical analysis of the proposed converter are presented. Finally, simulations based on actual semi-conductor models were carried out to verify the feasibility and exactness of the proposed rectifier.
The interaction of lymphocyte membrane proteins with the lymphocyte cytoskeletal matrix. (1984)

Lymphocyte membrane proteins are important in the transduction of signals across the plasma membrane. Visual and biophysical studies have shown that after ligand binding, membrane proteins may become immobile in the plane of the membrane and may cap. In intact cells, binding of cross-linking ligands to surface immunoglobulin converts it to a detergent-insoluble state (77% insoluble). This conversion is positively correlated with the transmission of a mitogenic signal. Class II histocompatibility proteins (Ia) and thy-1 remain predominantly detergent soluble (60 to 97% soluble). Insolubilized membrane proteins may be solubilized by incubating the detergent insoluble cytoskeletons with 0.34 M sucrose, 0.5 mM ATP, 0.5 mM dithiothreitol, 1 mM EDTA, or 3 X 10(-5) M DNAase I, 1 mM EDTA. To determine if the membrane-associated cytoskeleton contains the sufficient components for ligand-induced receptor insolubilization, experiments were done with a crude plasma membrane fraction. The results with whole cells or crude plasma membranes were comparable. These studies support the view that ligand-induced insolubilization of membrane proteins is due to their interaction with cytoskeletal structures.