gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The sticking problem during direct reduction of fine iron ore in the fluidized bed (2004)

In this review paper described are possible chemical reactions and their thermodynamic analysis during direct reduction. The sticking mechanism during direct reduction in the fluidized bed was analysed, and the reasons for the sticking appearance explained. The most important parameters on the sticking were analysed. The ways for prevention and observation were considered. The plan for experimental investigations was proposed. The investigations could be performed in fluidized bed reactor. Coal will be used as inert material. Separately, the influence volatile content in the coal on the reduction process and sticking appearance, will be analysed. As results of these investigations would be some improvements of the method direct reduction of iron ore in the fluidized bed.
Blockchain and Trust for Secure, End-User-Based and Decentralized IoT Service Provision (2020)

Building trust relationships between different decentralized entities in the IoT ecosystem is essential. Hereof, the combination of blockchain technology and trust evaluation techniques is recently considered as an efficient measure. However, both technologies within the IoT are still facing some limitations which are addressed in this research. First, this publication reviews various blockchain-based trust approaches and depicts their strengths and limitations regarding their usage in decentralized IoT communities. Then, an optimized trust model with a multi-layer adaptive and trust-based weighting system is proposed. Additionally, different trust metric parameters and their mathematical models used for trust evaluation are presented. Moreover, this publication presents a novel approach for incentivization processes in the IoT marketplace using control loops and smart contracts. Thereby, participants are motivated to continuously improve their behavior. Finally, the proposed trust model is proved to be reliable. The experimental results conducted from different scenarios show that the presented approach provides more resiliency against various attacks than existing ones.
Jones matrix for second-order polarization mode dispersion (2000)

A Jones matrix is constructed for a fiber that exhibits first- and second-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD). It permits the modeling of pulse transmission for fibers whose PMD vectors have been measured or whose statistics have been determined by established PMD theory. The central portion of our model is a correction to the Bruyère model.
Editorial IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics (2019)

As we enter the new year of 2019, at the time of this writing, we are glad to report that our journal, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics (IEEE JESTPE) now stands among the top 3% of all journals in electrical and electronic engineering. The metrics that IEEE reported for the year of 2017 are: Impact factor of 5.117, Eigen Factor of 0.00996, and Article Influence Score of 1.892. For JESTPE to achieve such great influence in its short five-year history, from its inception in 2013 to 2017, is quite an accomplishment. As the founding Editor-in-Chief, I am extremely thankful for the good fortune that I have had to work with the large number of talented volunteers on our regular editorial board and guest editorial board.
[Improvement of blood pressure and left cardiac function in patients with hypertension by auricular acupuncture]. (1991)

The authors observed 30 patients with hypertension, which blood pressure was lowered by Heart point of ear needling. Comparison of hypotensive effect of short-term between Heart point and Stomach point of ear needling showed that there was markable hypotensive effect by Heart point, whose hypotensive rate of short-term was 100% and forward effect rate was 63.3%. There was inefficacy for hypotensive by Stomach point. There was marked effect of left cardiac function, with II, III stage of hypertension, which was improved by Heart point. There was inefficacy for left cardiac function of normal being.
Design of Intelligent Internet of Things for Equipment Maintenance (2011)

In order to strengthen the security guarantee and improve the scientific management level of important equipments, the intelligent internet of things for equipment maintenance (IITEM) was presented in this paper. IITEM collects the static and dynamic information of electrical and mechanical equipments by all kinds of sensors, and standardizes various types of information, so as to suit the information transmission needs of the Internet of Things. According to the characteristics of mechanical and electrical equipment, IITEM makes intelligent processing of device information, including establishment of signal sample database and knowledge base, extraction of running status feature of complex equipment, state analysis, model building, fault diagnosis, fault prediction, etc. Centering on the functional objectives of IITEM, the demonstration project of IITEM was designed. It could realize online safety monitoring, fault prediction and comprehensive protection of key equipment groups, avoid economic losses and casualties, extend equipment maintenance cycle, and promote establishment of coding system, standards and norms related to the intelligent internet of things for equipment maintenance, which should be suitable for the Chinese Internet of Things.
The Manufacture of Porous Ceramics Using Supercritical Fluid Technology (2008)

Supercritical fluid-assisted technology has been combined with conventional polymer processing techniques, such as injection moulding and extrusion to manufacture porous ceramics components. This paper introduces the new process and highlights one of the key benefits of this technique; the ability to control the porous network formed. It was found that by altering the binder formulation and processing conditions the pore size, pore type and pore density could be controlled.
A new core (2005)

This article discusses motors for compressors in domestic air conditioners, an area in which there is a strong demand for high efficiency and also reports the results of the efficiency improvement and productivity of a new core structure. An innovative core structure and manufacturing method boosts efficiency of permanent-magnet motors. This article presents the close relationship between the motor characteristics and the manufacturing method and indicates a way to improve both motor characteristics and the productivity. To pursue further improvement in motor performance by improving the coil space factor further using the joint-lapped core and manufacturing cores with smaller magnetic resistance.
Modified Apple And Spud Okayed (2015)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTModified Apple And Spud OkayedCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2015, 93, 13, 8Publication Date (Print):March 30, 2015Publication History Published online30 March 2016Published inissue 30 March 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09313-notw9https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09313-notw9newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Crops,Genetics Get e-Alerts
The Contribution of the <i>N</i>-Terminal Structure of Polymyxin B Peptides to Antimicrobial and Lipopolysaccharide Binding Activity (2004)

Abstract To elucidate the N-terminal structure–activity relationships of polymyxin B peptides, seven polymyxin B component peptides, the structures of which having been elucidated, and seven N-terminal fatty acid and/or amino acid deletion analogs were synthesized, and their antimicrobial activities determined. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding activities of synthetic peptides were evaluated using [Dab(Dansyl-Gly)1]-polymyxin B3 (Dab; l-α,γ-diaminobutyric acid) as a fluorescent probe. The results indicated that the fatty acyl moiety was not indispensable for LPS binding, but the C9 fatty acyl groups of polymyxin B peptides contributed to the binding affinity to a slightly greater extent than C8 or C7. The fatty acyl moieties of polymyxin B contributed greatly to the antimicrobial activity, while the distinct N-terminal structures of polymyxin B1–B6, bearing normal-, iso-, or anteiso-fatty acids, or 3-hydroxy-fatty acid with chain lengths between C7 and C9, did not affect bactericidal potency.
Contratos administrativos y personal (2006)

Enunciado 
Se significa que el presente caso practico fue planteado en el tercer ejercicio en las pruebas selectivas para el acceso al Cuerpo de Gestion de la Administracion Civil del Estado, Convocatoria de 2003. 
Esta usted desempenando un puesto de Jefe de Seccion en la Secretaria General de una Direccion de Turismo encuadrada en el Ministerio de Economia y Hacienda. 
El Gobierno acaba de declarar que su politica en materia turistica supone una continuacion de la realizada en los ultimos anos. La oferta espanola, el numero de visitantes, asi como la importancia de sus flujos financieros coloca a esta politica publica entre las prioritarias del Plan de Accion Gubernamental. 
Se ha planteado llevar a cabo un trabajo de recopilacion de datos historicos que deben ser estructurados para su analisis posterior. Los datos deben extraerse de una documentacion que previamente debe seleccionarse. 
Sin embargo, a la vista de la documentacion se preve que tanto la seleccion inicial como la busqueda de datos sea de la mayor envergadura de la inicialmente prevista, pero, tambien, que los posibles resultados puedan ser realmente interesantes y aportar informacion novedosa y util para la aplicacion de esta politica publica. 
Por ello, la Direccion ha cursado instrucciones a la Secretaria general y, especialmente, a usted para que se lleven a cabo los trabajos de recopilacion de datos y se redacte un documento en el que se recojan los resultados de todo este trabajo, con un analisis de los datos recopilados y unas conclusiones, todo ello en el menor tiempo posible y dentro del ejercicio presupuestario. En todo caso, la Direccion comunica que en ningun caso se procedera con cargo al Capitulo I a la incorporacion de nuevo personal. 
Se cursan las instrucciones a primeros de enero. La Direccion ha avanzado que no sera posible destinar mas de 12.000 euros, dado que se trata de una necesidad que no fue prevista a la hora de elaborar la propuesta de presupuesto para el ano corriente.
Stimulation of nerve growth factor synthesis/secretion by 1,4‐benzoquinone and its derivatives in cultured mouse astroglial cells (1990)

Previously we reported that astroglial cells cultured from mouse brain synthesize and secrete nerve growth factor (NGF) and that, in quiescent cells, catecholamines markedly increase the NGF content in the conditioned medium (CM). We wished to further assess the structural properties required for exhibition of such effect of compounds containing a ring structure analogous to that of catechol on astroglial NGF synthesis. During our study, we found that hydroquinone, which was confirmed not to stimulate NGF synthesis in mouse fibroblast cells in another of our investigations, is a potent stimulator of NGF synthesis in astroglial cells and that 1,4-benzoquinone, an oxidized form of hydroquinone, is a more effective stimulator than hydroquinone itself. In addition, the results of experiments with 1,2-benzoquinone derivatives indicated that the presence of a long aliphatic side chain in the molecule eliminates the stimulatory effect of 1,4-benzoquinone on NGF synthesis in astroglial cells.
Parallel-Plate Luneburg Lens Antenna for Broadband Multibeam Radiation at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies With Design Optimization (2018)

This paper presents the implementation of Luneburg lens antenna based on a 2-D parallel-plate structure for broadband multibeam radiation at millimeter-wave frequencies. In particular, each beam pattern of this 2-D Luneburg lens antenna has a narrow beamwidth along the multibeam dimension, and exhibits a broad beamwidth along the other cross section, analogous to the radiation from a 1-D array of antennas embedded inside the parallel-plate structure. Furthermore, the isolation to external structures by the top and bottom metal parallel plates may reduce the beam distortion from external interferences, and therefore enhance its compatibility to integrate with other radio frequency (RF) components to form an RF subsystem module. In addition, a theoretic model to realize the dielectric variation of Luneburg lens is developed by using stacked multiple planar layered dielectric materials for a cheap manufacture. In this paper, numerical simulation to validate the developed model of 2-D Luneburg lens design is first presented. Afterward, simulation and experimental measurement results of a practical design are both presented to validate the design concept.
Transgenic Mouse Overexpressing Syntaxin-1A as a Diabetes Model (2005)

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein syntaxin-1A (STX-1A) plays a role not only in exocytosis, but also binds and regulates Ca(2+) and K(+) (voltage-gated K(+) and ATP-sensitive K(+) channels) to influence the sequence of events leading to secretion. Islet levels of STX-1A and cognate SNARE proteins are reduced in type 2 diabetic rodents, suggesting their role in dysregulated insulin secretion contributing to the abnormal glucose homeostasis. We investigated the specific role of STX-1A in pancreatic beta-cells by generating transgenic mice, which express a moderately increased level ( approximately 30% higher) of STX-1A in pancreatic islets (hereafter called STX-1A mice). The STX-1A mice displayed fasting hyperglycemia and a more sustained elevation of plasma glucose levels after an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, with correspondingly reduced plasma insulin levels. Surprisingly, beta-cells from the STX-1A male mice also exhibited abnormal insulin tolerance. To unequivocally determine the beta-cell secretory defects, we used single-cell analyses of exocytosis by patch clamp membrane capacitance measurements and ion channel recordings. Depolarization-evoked membrane capacitance increases were reduced in the STX-1A mouse islet beta-cells. The STX-1A mouse also exhibited reduced currents through the Ca(2+) channels but little change in the voltage-gated K(+) channel or ATP-sensitive K(+) channel. These results suggest that fluctuation of islet STX-1A levels in diabetes could influence the pathological and differential regulation of beta-cell ion channels and the exocytotic machinery, collectively contributing to the impaired insulin secretion.
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of the  2C-adrenoceptor antagonist ORM-12741 for prevention of cold-induced vasospasm in patients with systemic sclerosis (2014)

https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/; no. 2010-024005-13.
A method of analysis for interleaved Reed-Solomon coding with erasure decoding on burst error channels (1993)

A practical definition of an erasure is presented and leads to new expressions for correct and incorrect decoding probabilities for Reed-Solomon codes, assuming an incomplete decoder. The main benefit of this approach is that, in contrast with the usual approach, one is able to analytically demonstrate the performance improvement provided by errors-and-erasures decoding relative to errors-only decoding. A technique is presented for evaluating the performance of Reed-Solomon codes for both types of decoding on an interleaved burst error channel such as is seen in digital magnetic tape recording. Several illustrative examples are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The synthesis of neurotensin. (1975)

A tridecapeptide having the amino acid sequence, less than Glu-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Asn-Pro-Arg-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Iie-Leu-OH, (The nomenclature and symbols follow the suggestions of the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 977).) has been synthesized by the Merrifield solid-phase procedure. The synthetic scheme chosen involved synthesis of the peptide in the (Gln) form and cyclization to the less than Glu) form. After purification, the (Gln) peptide was obtained in a 7% yield and the (greater than Glu) peptide was obtained in a 35% yield. The (greater than Glu) was found to be chemically and biologically indistinguishable from the tridecapeptide, neurotensin, recently isolated from bovine hypothalami.
A novel mitochondrial <i>ATP8</i> gene mutation in a patient with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and neuropathy (2007)

We describe the first pathogenic mutation in the mitochondrial ATP8 gene, resulting in an improper assembly and reduced activity of the complex V holoenzyme.
Statistical mechanical estimation of the free energy of formation of <i>E. coli</i> biomass for use with macroscopic bioreactor balances (1983)

The need for the determination of the free energy of formation of biomass in bioreactor second law balances is well established. A statistical mechanical method for the calculation of the free energy of formation of E. coli biomass is introduced. In this method, biomass is modelled to consist of a system of biopolymer networks. The partition function of this system is proposed to consist of acoustic and optical modes of vibration. Acoustic modes are described by Tarasov's model, the parameters of which are evaluated with the aid of low-temperature calorimetric data for the crystalline protein bovine chymotrypsinogen A. The optical modes are described by considering the low-temperature thermodynamic properties of biological monomer crystals such as amino acid crystals. Upper and lower bounds are placed on the entropy to establish the maximum error associated with the statistical method. The upper bound is determined by endowing the monomers in biomass with ideal gas properties. The lower bound is obtained by limiting the monomers to complete immobility. On this basis, the free energy of formation is fixed to within 10%. Proposals are made with regard to experimental verification of the calculated value and extension of the calculation to other types of biomass.
A method for the rapid preparation of 5-vinyluracil in high yield (1974)

A method for the rapid preparation of the thymineanalogue, 5-vinyluracil, in 83% yield from 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)uracil via the methanesulphonyl ester is reported.
Regulation of intracellular pH by immortalized human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cell lines (1994)

We have produced continuous cell lines using retroviral transduction of SV40 large T antigen into human intrahepatic biliary epithelial (IBE) cells from three different normal individuals. These IBE cell lines grow in a hormone-supplemented medium in the presence of NIH/3T3 fibroblast coculture. These cells maintain their epithelial appearance and are positive for the biliary-specific markers cytokeratins 7 and 19 and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase while being negative for the hepatocyte markers albumin and asialoglycoprotein receptor. To evaluate ion transport pathways in IBE cell lines, we utilized intracellular pH (pHi) measurements obtained using the intracellular fluorescent indicator 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. In the absence of HCO3(-)-CO2, an amiloride-sensitive Na(+)-H+ exchanger participated in the regulation of basal pHi. In the presence of HCO3(-)-CO2, a 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS)-sensitive, Na-, Cl-, and HCO3(-)-dependent acid extrusion mechanism accounted for approximately 60% of pHi recovery from acidic pHi; this mechanism is most consistent with the presence of a Na-dependent Cl-HCO3- exchanger (Na+HCO3(-)-Cl-H+). Under basal conditions, Cl- depletion revealed a DIDS-sensitive alkalinization consistent with a Na-independent Cl(-)-HCO3- exchanger. These model systems will allow the opportunity to study the normal mechanisms of IBE function and to study the pathobiology of IBE processes in disease states.
Monitoring saturation changes for CO2 sequestration : Petrophysical support of the frio brine pilot experiment (2006)

Increase in greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), is thought to be a major cause of climate change. Sequestration of CO 2 in brine aquifers is considered a promising method of reducing CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere. Funded by the U. S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory, the Frio Brine Pilot Experiment was begun in 2002. The Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG) is project leader and is collaborating with many national laboratories and private institutions. BEG reviewed many brine aquifers throughout the U.S.A. to find an ideal formation and identified the Frio Brine Pilot Experiment site: South Liberty field, Dayton, Texas. Most wells were drilled in the 1950's, oil being produced from the Yegua Formation at approximately 9,000 ft depth. The fluvial sandstone of the upper Frio Formation in the Oligocene is the aquifer target, at a depth of about 5,000 ft. An existing well was used as the observation well and a new injection well was drilled 100 ft away from the observation well. Conventional cores were cut and indicated 32 to 35% porosity and 2,500 mD air permeability. Wireline logs were run to estimate lithology and porosity, as well as to confirm structural dip using the borehole imaging tool. The wireline formation tester was used to sample formation water. Because of high formation water salinity, along with high porosity, a pulsed neutron tool was selected as the primary log for monitoring saturation changes through change of thermal neutron absorption cross-section. The C/O ratio measurement and dipole acoustic tool were also used to estimate saturation changes; but these proved to be insensitive or noisy. Baseline logs of these tools were recorded as preinjection values. We started injection of CO 2 on October 4, 2004, and 1,600 tonnes (metric tons) of CO 2 was injected for eleven days. Breakthrough of CO 2 was observed on the third day. Both capture and C/O logs were run to monitor increase of CO 2 which was noted within the porous section (6 ft) of the perforated interval. At the end of the injection phase, CO 2 saturation of up to 80% was accounted in the observation well. Even four and a half months after the injection experiments, CO 2 saturation of up to 40% was found in the vicinity of the observation and the injection wells, along with temperature anomalies. These results are used to help us understand crosswell tomography and seismic data. Results have significant relevance regarding how we monitor CO 2 in reservoirs and develop methods to contain migration. This paper is concerned primarily with the evaluation of the CO 2 migration and accumulation around the injection and monitoring wells.
Genetic Engineering Turns to Trees (1996)

Even as researchers look for desirable tree genes that could be used for genetic engineering of trees, they are already introducing genes from other species, such as bacterial genes that confer insect resistance, into trees as a way of improving their quality. Other genetic manipulations might speed flowering or decrease production of lignin, a material that must be removed during paper-making.