gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser beam lithographed micro-Fresnel lenses (1990)

Laser beam lithography for micro-Fresnel lenses (MFLs) with blazed grooves is proposed and demonstrated including the system configuration and characteristics of the resulting lenses. The resolution is even better than that of electron-beam lithography in forming 1-microm deep relief gratings in resist. A laser beam lithographed MFL with a diameter as large as 9.6 mm is described as well as a compact MFL (N.A. 0.21) butt coupled to an optical waveguide. In these two distinct MFLs, nearly diffraction-limited spot sizes have been obtained with diffraction efficiencies of 50% or more. A specific MFL array used for an integrated optic laser Doppler velocimeter is also presented.
Direct Tissue Blotting for Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in<i>Impatiens</i> (1991)

Direct tissue blotting for detection of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a dot-blot immunoassay (DBIA). TSWV was readily detected in tissue blots of infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. When biotinylated mouse monoclonal antibodies were used, DBIA was nearly eight times more sensitive than ELISA for detection of TSWV in extracts from infected N. benthamiana leaves (.)
A Programming Model for Mobile, Context-Aware Applications (2005)

Continuing advances in hardware miniaturisation and networking technologies have contributed to the widespread deployment of a range of mobile computing devices. Ad hoc communication between mobile devices enables the deployment of networks anywhere, without the need for pre-installed infrastructure. In contrast to the traditional stationary, desktop-bound model of computing, mobile computing applications experience frequent changes in location and execution environment, i.e., their context. At the same time, advances in miniaturization, and cost-effective fabrication of sensor technology, have led to the emergence of small, low-cost sensors, enabling applications to measure a host of environmental parameters. These advances have led to the emergence of a new class of application which may dynamically alter their behaviour based on the execution environment, as perceived through sensor input, in a computing paradigm known as context-aware computing. In addition to the complexity introduced by the dynamic nature of ad hoc networks, context-awareness raises a\nfurther set of challenges related to the acquisition and fusion of sensor data and the inference of appropriate behaviours.\nExisting mobile context-aware applications tend to be built in an application-specific manner and there is a lack of a generic, and commonly-accepted, programming model that may\nbe applied across the domain. As a result, such applications remain difficult to build and deploy, with developers often having to deal with low-level issues not directly related to application development. Whilst a small number of approaches to supporting the development of such applications deal with the abstraction of low-level sensor data, there remains no generic programming model providing systematic support to the developer for the capture, representation, and use of context data.
Association of reduced antibody response to "SMW68" (an affinity purified schistosomal antigen) with hepatosplenomegaly in Egyptian schoolchildren infected with Schistosoma mansoni. (1990)

Studies of the pathogenesis of schistosomal infections have revealed that the occurrence of disease is so strongly related to host responses to parasite products, that schistosomiasis can be considered as an immunological disease. Further, numerous genetic and environmental factors may modify the host resistance or susceptibility to disease. To test whether hepatosplenic patients manifest different immune capabilities, and the effects of intensity of infection on immune responses; we evaluated anti-SMW68 and anti-crude antigens (SWAP & SEA) antibody levels in 100 children aged 9-15, having light and moderate S. mansoni infection (80-360 eggs/gm of stool). In this group, anti-SMW67 antibody levels (determined by ELISA) were significantly higher in those with lower levels of infection (P less than 0.001). Furthermore, the hepatosplenic patients showed a lower anti-SMW68 antibody levels than those with intestinal schistosomiasis. (P less than 0.05). We conclude that the worm burden and so the resultant morbidity may be influenced by the immune capabilities of the host. Whether enhanced antibody response to SMW68 represents acquired protective humoral immunity remains to be determined.
Laser Stark Spectroscopy of CH<sub>3</sub>Cl<sup>35</sup>ν<sub>6</sub>Band (1975)

Methylchrolide ν 6 band was studied by laser Stark spectroscopy using 10 µm CO 2 lasers. Resonances of approximately 100 transitions of CH 3 Cl 35 ν 6 band were identified. Band constants of ν 6 band were calculated.
Non-targeted and Delayed Effects of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation: I. Radiation-Induced Genomic Instability and Bystander Effects<i>In Vitro</i> (2003)

A long-standing dogma in the radiation sciences is that energy from radiation must be deposited in the cell nucleus to elicit a biological effect. A number of non-targeted, delayed effects of ionizing radiation have been described that challenge this dogma and pose new challenges to evaluating potential hazards associated with radiation exposure. These effects include induced genomic instability and non-targeted bystander effects. The in vitro evidence for non-targeted effects in radiation biology will be reviewed, but the question as to how one extrapolates from these in vitro observations to the risk of radiation-induced adverse health effects such as cancer remains open.
Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Different parts of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and Its Inhibitory Effect on Melanin Biosynthesis (2006)

Comparison of four phenolic compounds among three different parts of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer was performed in this study. Contents of esculetin, p-coumaric acd, quercetin, maltol in the ethyl acetate fraction were determinated by HPLC analysis. The main root has a highest concentration of p-coumaric acid and the leave has a highest concentration of quercetin and esculetin. This ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves exhibited higher depigmenting activity and lower cell toxicity than the other parts of ginseng. In addition, it showed that quercetin and esculetin among phenolic compounds highly inhibited melanin biosynthesis in ginseng. It implies that leaves of ginseng may be used as skin whitening herb. Quercetin and esculetin proved to be active compounds in the leaves of ginseng.
Beskrivelse til Geologisk Kort over Danmark (i Maalestok 1:100,000). Kortbladet Haderslev (1935)

Kortblad Haderslev omfatter Landstrækninger paa begge Sider af Lille Bælt, paa Fyn den vestlige Del af Odense Amt, og i Jylland Dele af Vejle og Haderslev Amter samt mindre Partier af de tilgrænsende Amter, Ribe og Aabenraa Amter.
Quantitative 2D HSQC (Q-HSQC) via Suppression of <i>J</i>-Dependence of Polarization Transfer in NMR Spectroscopy:  Application to Wood Lignin (2003)

A quantitative method to record (1)H-(13)C correlation NMR spectra (Q-HSQC) is presented. The suppression of (1)J(CH)-dependence is achieved by modulating the polarization transfer delays of HSQC. In addition, the effect of homonuclear couplings, as well as relaxation during the pulse sequence are discussed. We developed the Q-HSQC approach for the quantitative analysis of wood lignin, a complex polymer where it has been difficult to obtain reliable data on the relative amounts of different structural units. The current method is applicable to a variety of complex mixtures, where normal 1D (1)H- and (13)C-NMR methods fail.
Phase I study of docetaxel plus ifosfamide in patients with advanced cancer (2002)

The aim of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of a fixed dose of docetaxel when combined with continuous infusion ifosfamide, with and without G-CSF support, in the treatment of advanced cancer, and to evaluate anti-tumour activity of this combination. Thirty-one patients with advanced malignancies were treated with docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) intravenously on days 1, and ifosfamide at increasing dose levels from 1500 mg/m(2)/day to 2750 mg/m(2)/day as a continuous infusion from day 1-3, every 3 weeks. A total of 107 cycles of treatment were administered. Without G-CSF support dose-limiting toxicity of grade 4 neutropenia greater than 5 days duration occurred at dose level 1. With the addition of G-CSF the maximum tolerated dose was docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) on day 1 and ifosfamide 2750 mg/m(2)/day on days 1-3. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) included ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, febrile neutropenia and grade three mucositis. Three complete responses and 3 partial responses were seen. This combination of docetaxel and infusional ifosfamide is feasible and effective. The recommended dose for future phase II studies is docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) on day 1 and ifosfamide 2500 mg/m(2)/day continuous infusion on days 1-3.
Robust computation and parametrization of multiple view relations (2002)

A new method is presented for robustly estimating multiple view relations from image point correspondences. There are three new contributions, the first is a general purpose method of parametrizing these relations using point correspondences. The second contribution is the formulation of a common Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE) for each of the multiple view relations. The parametrization facilitates a constrained optimization to obtain this MLE. The third contribution is a new robust algorithm, MLESAC, for obtaining the point correspondences. The method is general and its use is illustrated for the estimation of fundamental matrices, image to image homographies and quadratic transformations. Results are given for both synthetic and real images. It is demonstrated that the method gives results equal or superior to previous approaches.
DEGRADATIVE STUDIES ON STREPTOMYCIN (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDEGRADATIVE STUDIES ON STREPTOMYCINR. U. Lemieux, C. W. DeWalt, and M. L. WolfromCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 7, 1838Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01199a514https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01199a514research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Arabidopsis CYP90B1 catalyses the early C‐22 hydroxylation of C<sub>27</sub>, C<sub>28</sub> and C<sub>29</sub> sterols (2006)

Arabidopsis dwf4 is a brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutant, and the DWF4 gene encodes a cytochrome P450, CYP90B1. We report the catalytic activity and substrate specificity of CYP90B1. Recombinant CYP90B1 was produced in Escherichia coli, and CYP90B1 activity was measured in an in vitro assay reconstituted with NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. CYP90B1 converted campestanol (CN) to 6-deoxocathasterone, confirming that CYP90B1 is a steroid C-22 hydroxylase. The substrate specificity of CYP90B1 indicated that sterols with a double bond at positions C-5 and C-6 are preferred substrates compared with stanols, which have no double bond at the position. In particular, the catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of CYP90B1 for campesterol (CR) was 325 times greater than that for CN. As CR is more abundant than CN in planta, the results suggest that C-22 hydroxylation of CR before C-5alpha reduction is the main route of BR biosynthetic pathway, which contrasts with the generally accepted route via CN. In addition, CYP90B1 showed C-22 hydroxylation activity toward various C(27-29) sterols. Cholesterol (C27 sterol) is the best substrate, followed by CR (C28 sterol), whereas sitosterol (C29 sterol) is a poor substrate, suggesting that the substrate preference of CYP90B1 may explain the discrepancy between the in planta abundance of C27/C28/C29 sterols and C27/C28/C29 BRs.
Rate Control of H.264/AVC Scalable Extension (2008)

This paper presents a rate control scheme for H.264/AVC scalable extension. Based on our previous work on H.264/AVC rate control, a switched model is proposed to predict the mean absolute difference (MAD) of the residual texture from the available MAD information of the previous frame in the same layer and the same frame in its ldquobase layer.rdquo Thus, abrupt MAD fluctuations could be predicted properly in the enhancement layer. Moreover, a bit allocation scheme is proposed for the hierarchical B-frames structure by taking into consideration the relative importance of each frame. With our algorithm, the rate control for all the coarse-grain-scalability, spatial, temporal and combined enhancement layer could be realized, and the target bit rate for each layer can be achieved. Our method encodes the sequence only once and the buffer is well controlled to prevent it from overflowing and under flowing.
1064: Intraca Vernosal Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Improves Vasoreactivity in the Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Tuesday, May 24,2005, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20051064: Intraca Vernosal Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Improves Vasoreactivity in the Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Donghua Xie, Brian H. Annex, and Craig F. Donatucci Donghua XieDonghua Xie More articles by this author , Brian H. AnnexBrian H. Annex More articles by this author , and Craig F. DonatucciCraig F. Donatucci More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35220-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1064: Intraca Vernosal Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Improves Vasoreactivity in the Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), pp. 288–289 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 288-289 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Donghua Xie More articles by this author Brian H. Annex More articles by this author Craig F. Donatucci More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Approximate Triple Modular Redundancy: A Survey (2020)

In recent years, approximate computing (AC) has attracted attention owing to its tradeoff between the exactness of computations and performance gains. AC has also been probed for the technique of Triple modular redundancy (TMR). TMR is a well-known fault masking methodology, with associated overheads, widely used in systems of different nature and at different levels. E.g.: layout-level, gate-level, HW-module level, software. At hardware level, through exploitation of AC the 200% area overhead problem due to triplication of the original modules in TMR can be reduced. By approximating the modules of TMR while ensuring that at least two of the approximate modules do not differ from the original module for every input vector, the facilitation of fault masking can lead to overhead reduction. Hence, approximate TMR (ATMR) aims to achieve cost-effective reliability. Nevertheless, due to the extensive search space, computational complexity, and principal fault masking function of ATMR, designing an ATMR is a challenging task. An ATMR technique must be scalable so that it can be easily adopted by circuits having large number of inputs and the extraction of ATMR modules remains computationally inexpensive. Compared with TMR, due to the inclusion of approximations, ATMR is more vulnerable to errors, and hence, the design technique must ensure awareness of input-criticality. To the best of the authors' knowledge, none of the existing survey articles on AC has reported on ATMR. Therefore, in this work, ATMR design techniques are thoroughly surveyed and qualitatively compared. Moreover, design considerations and challenges for designing ATMR are discussed.
Comprehensive structural annotation of Pichia pastoris transcriptome and the response to various carbon sources using deep paired-end RNA sequencing (2012)

We suggest that the IRES-dependent translation initiation mechanism also exists in P. pastoris. Retained introns (RIs) are determined as the main AS event and are produced predominantly by an intron definition (ID) mechanism. Our results describe the metabolic characteristics of P. pastoris with heterologous protein production under methanol induction and provide rich information for further in-depth studies of P. pastoris protein expression and secretion mechanisms.
A fully integrated chaotic system for the generation of truly random numbers (2002)

This work proposes a random numbers generator for application in the field of secure communications. In order to get truly unpredictable sequences a chaotic system is used. Indeed, due to their extreme sensitivity to initial conditions, chaotic systems lend themselves to be exploited for generation of random numbers. This work explores this possibility: particularly an efficient architecture, based on a pipeline analog-to-digital converter, has been singled out, in order to realize a simple circuit arrangement of the number generator. According to simulation results, the circuit provides sequences of 8-b numbers that are uniformly distributed and statistically independent, at a rate of 20 Ms/s. The circuit is realized in 0.8-/spl mu/m CMOS technology, and dissipates 50 mW.
CK2 Inhibitor CX-4945 Suppresses DNA Repair Response Triggered by DNA-Targeted Anticancer Drugs and Augments Efficacy: Mechanistic Rationale for Drug Combination Therapy (2012)

Drug combination therapies are commonly used for the treatment of cancers to increase therapeutic efficacy, reduce toxicity, and decrease the incidence of drug resistance. Although drug combination therapies were originally devised primarily by empirical methods, the increased understanding of drug mechanisms and the pathways they modulate provides a unique opportunity to design combinations that are based on mechanistic rationale. We have identified protein kinase CK2 as a promising therapeutic target for combination therapy, because CK2 regulates not just one but many oncogenic pathways and processes that play important roles in drug resistance, including DNA repair, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, Hsp90 machinery activity, hypoxia, and interleukin-6 expression. In this article, we show that CX-4945, a clinical stage selective small molecule inhibitor of CK2, blocks the DNA repair response induced by gemcitabine and cisplatin and synergizes with these agents in models of ovarian cancer. Mechanistic studies show that the enhanced activity is a result of inactivation of XRCC1 and MDC1, two mediator/adaptor proteins that are essential for DNA repair and that require phosphorylation by CK2 for their function. These data position CK2 as a valid pharmacologic target for intelligent drug combinations and support the evaluation of CX-4945 in combination with gemcitabine and platinum-based chemotherapeutics in the clinical setting.
INSECTS AND WAR: III.--FLEAS (1914)

}'LEAS. [OCT
Bladder Transection —a Functional, Neurophysiological, Neuropharmacological and Neuroanatomical Study (1981)

Experimental models to represent the surgical methods of bladder transection in humans were performed on dogs and rabbits. The effects on vesical neurophysiology were studied by cystometry with bethanechol supersensitivity testing; by in vitro pharmacological responsiveness; by determination of autonomic receptor densities using radioligand binding and by autonomic neurohistochemical staining. Analysis revealed that transection with or without neurovascular preservation resulted in an alpha-adrenergic denervation and cholinergic decentralisation. A comparison with the surgical models is presented and proposed mechanisms of action are discussed in relation to the experimental results.
Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase attenuates vomiting in <i>Suncus murinus</i> and 2‐arachidonoyl glycerol attenuates nausea in rats (2011)

This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.165.issue-8. To view Part I of Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2011.163.issue-7.
Induction of Double-strand Breaks Following Neutron Capture by DNA-bound <sup>157</sup> Gd (1988)

Irradiation of plasmid DNA/Gd3+ mixtures with thermal neutrons induces DNA double-strand breaks (dsb). However, the extent of breakage is markedly reduced by sequestering the Gd3+ from DNA by addition of EDTA. Since the 157Gd neutron capture event involves some internal conversion, we suggest that the DNA dsb induction results from Auger electron emission.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture: Differences Between Males and Females (2012)

The rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is three times higher in female athletes than in male athletes. Intrinsic factors such as increased quadriceps angle and increased posterior tibial slope may predispose girls and women to ACL injury. Compared with males, females have smaller notch widths and smaller ACL cross-sectional area; however, no conclusive correlation between ACL size and notch dimension exists, especially in relation to risk of ACL injury. Female athletes who land with the knees in inadequate flexion and in greater-than-normal valgus and external rotation are at increased risk of ACL injury. No conclusive link has been made between ACL injury and the menstrual cycle. Neuromuscular intervention protocols have been shown to reduce the rate of injury in girls and women. Females are more likely than males to have a narrow A-shaped intercondylar notch, and special surgical considerations are required in such cases. Following ACL reconstruction, female athletes are more likely than male athletes to rupture the contralateral ACL; however, males and females are equally likely to rupture the reconstructed knee. Although self-reported outcomes in the first 2 years following reconstruction are worse for females than for males, longer-term studies demonstrate no difference between males and females.