gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relación entre innovación y exportaciones de las empresas: un estudio empírico (1999)

espanolEn este trabajo se aporta nueva evidencia sobre la relacion existente entre la actividad tecnologica de lasempresas manufactureras espanolas, aproximada a traves de distintas variables del proceso innovador, y su presencia relativa en los mercados exteriores. La utilizacion combinada de tecnicas estadisticas parametricasy no parametricas permite observar una asociacion positiva entre la realizacion de ambas estrategias, e independientemente de la magnitud. Sin embargo esta asociacion solo esta presente, cuando se analizan aquellas empresas que exportan e innovan, desde la innovacion hacia la exportacion, pero no en el sentido contrario. EnglishIn this study we furnish evidence about the relationship between the technological activity of the Spanish manufacturing companies, approached from different variables in the innovation process, and their relative presence in foreing markets. The combined use of parametric and non-parametric statistical techniques enables us to observe a positive connection between the implementation of both strategies, irrespective of size. Thisassociation is only present, however, when those exporting and innovating companies are analysed from the standpoint of innovation towards export, but not in theopposite direction.
High strength films with gas-barrier fabricated from chitin solution dissolved at low temperature (2012)

The fabrication of pure chitin materials remains a challenge due to the difficult dissolution and regeneration of chitin. It has been a stumbling block for chitin research and utilization. In this work, chitin was dissolved completely in 11 wt% NaOH–4 wt% urea aqueous solution via the freezing/thawing method without derivatization, as supported by 13C NMR spectra. The pure regenerated chitin films with high strength were successfully prepared from the transparent chitin solution by coagulating with ethanol or 45 wt% dimethylacetamide (DMAc) aqueous solution. The influences of the interactions between the chitin solution and coagulants on the structure and properties of the chitin films were investigated by UV, FT-IR spectra, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption isotherms, thermo-gravimetric analysis and tensile testing, indicating the good coagulating condition. The dissolution and regeneration of chitin was confirmed to be an entirely physical processes. The chitin films possessed homogeneous structure, high optical transmittance (87% at 800 nm), moderate thermal stability, as well as excellent tensile strength (up to 111 MPa). Moreover, these chitin films had good gas barrier properties (0.003 barrer for oxygen permeability), indicating great potentials in the materials field. This work would open up a completely new avenue with green technology to investigate the most intransigent chitin.
ACTIONS OF LOCALLY ADMINISTERED ADRENOCEPTOR AGONISTS ON INCREASED PLASMA PROTEIN EXTRAVASATION AND BLOOD FLOW IN GUINEA‐PIG SKIN (1980)

1 Bradykinin-induced increased plasma protein extravasation (IPPE) and blood flow have been assessed in guinea-pig skin by isotopic methods. 2 alpha-Adrenoceptor agonists inhibited IPPE and reduced cutaneous blood flow. The potency of alpha-agonists as inhibitors of IPPE correlated with their vasoconstrictor effects. The actions of noradrenaline on both IPPE and blood flow were blocked by phentolamine but not by propranolol. 4 beta-Adrenoceptor agonists inhibited IPPE at doses which either increased or caused little change in cutaneous blood flow. Isoprenaline inhibition of IPPE was reduced by propranolol but was unaffected by phentolamine. 5 The inhibitory action of alpha-agonists on IPPE can be explained by a reduction in blood flow to the affected site. Beta agonist inhibition is not due to effects on blood flow but is probably caused by a reduction in permeability of the microvessels.
Olefin metathesis of cyclohexene (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOlefin metathesis of cyclohexenePenelope A. Patton, C. Peter Lillya, and Thomas J. McCarthyCite this: Macromolecules 1986, 19, 4, 1266–1268Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00158a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00158a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views657Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Product Design and Manufacturing Process Improvement Using Association Rules (2006)

Modern manufacturing systems equipped with computerized data logging systems collect large volumes of data in real time. The data may contain valuable information for operation and control strategies as well as providing knowledge of normal and abnormal operational patterns. Knowledge discovery in databases can be applied to these data to unearth hidden, unknown, representable, and ultimately useful knowledge. Data mining offers tools for discovery of patterns, associations, changes, anomalies, rules, and statistically significant structures and events in data. Extraction of previously unknown, meaningful information from manufacturing databases provides knowledge that may benefit many application areas within the enterprise, for example improving design or fine tuning production processes. This paper examines the application of association rules to manufacturing databases to extract useful information about a manufacturing system's capabilities and its constraints. The quality of each identified rule is tested and, from numerous rules, only those that are statistically very strong and contain substantial design information are selected. The final set of extracted rules contains very interesting information relating to the geometry of the product and also indicates where limitations exist for improvement of the manufacturing processes involved in the production of complex geometric shapes.
Differential effects of sodium on hydrogen- and glucose-dependent growth of the acetogenic bacterium Acetogenium kivui (1990)

Acetogenium kivui could not be revived or maintained in a sodium-deficient medium (0.2 mM sodium) under H2-dependent conditions, and neither lithium nor potassium replaced the sodium requirement of H2-cultivated cells. Conversely, the revival and maintenance of glucose-cultivated cells did not display a dependency on supplemental sodium. In the absence of growth, formate became a major end product in both sodium-deficient and metabolically impaired H2-grown cultures of A. kivui. Harmaline, a putative inhibitor of Na+/H+ antiporters, uncoupled acetogenesis from H2-dependent growth but was less effective when growth was at the expense of glucose. Significantly, carbon monoxide (CO) stimulated H2-dependent growth of A. kivui but inhibited glucose-dependent growth. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that sodium plays a critical role in the H2-dependent bioenergetics of A. kivui and indicate that autotrophic and heterotrophic cells may utilize dissimilar mechanisms of energy conservation. In contrast to the growth of A. kivui, supplemental sodium was not required for the glucose-, H2-, and CO-dependent growth of Clostridium thermoaceticum.
Summary of notifiable diseases--United States, 2003. (2005)

The Summary of Notifiable Diseases--United States, 2003 contains the official statistics, in tabular and graphic form, for the reported occurrence of nationally notifiable diseases in the United States for 2003. Unless otherwise noted, the data are final totals for 2003 reported as of June 30, 2004. These statistics are collected and compiled from reports sent by state health departments to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), which is operated by CDC in collaboration with the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE). The Summary is available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/summary.html. This site also includes publications from past years.
Plasma Treatment in Textile Industry (2014)

Plasma technology applied to textiles is a dry, environmentally- and worker-friendly method to achieve surface alteration without modifying the bulk properties of different materials. In particular, atmospheric non-thermal plasmas are suited because most textile materials are heat sensitive polymers and applicable in a continuous processes. In the last years plasma technology has become a very active, high growth research field, assuming a great importance among all available material surface modifications in textile industry. The main objective of this review is to provide a critical update on the current state of art relating plasma technologies applied to textile industry.
[Dissociation between antigonadotropic and interceptive activities of selected estratrine derivatives]. (1975)

First experiences with the separate evaluation of antigonadotropic a nd anit-nidation (interceptive) activity of a group of estratriene deriv atives is reported. Antigonadotropic effect was studied by testicular weight 1 week after oral administration of a test substance. Postcoital antifertility effects were observed by autopsy in female rats 2 weeks after coitus and oral administration of a test substance. Esters of ethinyl estradiol, 17-hydroxy acetylated esters of ethinyl estradiol, and esters of estradiol-17-trimethylsylylether were tested; the latter had antigonadotropic effects similar to those of ethinyl estradiol and a much stronger interceptive effect.
Mining sequential patterns with constraints in large databases (2002)

Constraints are essential for many sequential pattern mining applications. However, there is no systematic study on constraint-based sequential pattern mining. In this paper, we investigate this issue and point out that the framework developed for constrained frequent-pattern mining does not fit our missions well. An extended framework is developed based on a sequential pattern growth methodology. Our study shows that constraints can be effectively and efficiently pushed deep into sequential pattern mining under this new framework. Moreover, this framework can be extended to constraint-based structured pattern mining as well.
Preparation of Giant Magnetoresistance Co/Cu Multilayers by Electrodeposition (1997)

Reflection electron microscopy of electrodeposited Co, Cu/(111) Pt ultrathin layers and bilayers has revealed a heteroepitaxial and simultaneous multinuclear multilayer growth. "Giant" magnetoresistance and oscillatory antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling have been observed in a (111) textured Co/Cu multilayered nanostructure, which is compositionally modulated over nanometer length scales with distinct ferromagnetic Co‐Cu alloy and nonmagnetic Cu layers, prepared by electrodeposition under potential control in the presence of a very slight amount of . Such a multilayered structure containing a nominal Cu spacer layer thickness of 3.2 nm exhibits a large saturation magnetoresistance of more than 18% at room temperature.
Characterization of human Smg5/7a: A protein with similarities to <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> SMG5 and SMG7 that functions in the dephosphorylation of Upf1 (2003)

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in mammalian cells depends on phosphorylation of Upf1, an RNA-dependent ATPase and 5'-to-3' helicase. Upf1 phosphorylation is mediated by Smg1, a phosphoinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase. Here, we describe a human protein, which we call hSmg5/7a, that manifests similarity to Caenorhabditis elegans NMD factors CeSMG5 and CeSMG7, as well as two Drosophila melanogaster proteins that are also similar to the C. elegans NMD factors. Results indicate that hSmg5/7a functions in the dephosphorylation of Upf1. Furthermore, hSmg5/7a copurifies with Upf1, Upf2, Upf3X, Smg1, and the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. We also demonstrate that Upf2, another factor involved in NMD, is a phosphoprotein. However, hSmg5/7a plays no role in the dephosphorylation of Upf2. These data indicate that hSmg5/7a targets protein phosphatase 2A to Upf1 but not Upf2. Results of Western blotting reveal that hSmg5/7a is mostly cytoplasmic in HEK293T cells.
Improvements in accuracy and speed in the HTK broadcast news transcription system (1999)

This paper describes a number of recent improvements to the HTK Broadcast News Transcription System. Changes to the system include the use of more acoustic training data; use of cluster-based variance normalisation and vocal tract length normalisation; the use of interpolated language models and enhanced adaptation using a full variance transform. These changes produce an reduction in word error rate of 13%. A simpli ed version of the system has also been constructed that runs in less than 10 times real-time and gives a 2.3% absolute higher error rate than the 300xRT full system.
Addition of a Gastrointestinal Microbiome Modulator to Metformin Improves Metformin Tolerance and Fasting Glucose Levels (2015)

Combining a GI microbiome modulator with metformin might allow the greater use of metformin in T2D patients and improve treatment of the disease.
Measurement of Electric Near Field Distribution by Optical Electric Field Probe (2003)

Recently through technique development of communication and information devices, the frequency used has come to extend into the gigahertz range. Especially, smaller probes of broadband with high-resolution are requested in the EMC field to measure and analyze devices. An optical electric field probe may present an accurate method for near-field measurement in the gigahertz range. In the present work, various characteristics of the optical electric field probe are evaluated and near-field electric field distributions on a micro-strip line (MSL) are measured using both the probe and a conventional coaxial monopole antenna. Compared with results for an optical probe, the monopole antenna is used with identical measuring conditions. Simulation results agree well with measured results.
Supporting creative learning for rapid prototyping and additive manufacturing through lessons from creative learning for CNC routering and laser cutting technologies (2011)

Supporting Creative Learning for Rapid Prototyping and Additive Manufacturing through Lessons from Creative Learning for CNC Routering and Laser Cutting Technologies
Reply to “Comment on ‘Mobility spectrum computational analysis using a maximum entropy approach’ ” (2004)

In their Comment [J. Antoszewski, D. D. Redfern, L. Faraone, J. R. Meyer, I. Vurgaftman, and J. Lindemuth, Phys. Rev. E 69, 038701 (2004)] on our paper [S. Kiatgamolchai, M. Myronov, O. A. Mironov, V. G. Kantser, E. H. C. Parker, and T. E. Whall, Phys. Rev. E 66, 036705 (2002)] the authors present computational results obtained with the improved quantitative mobility spectrum analysis technique implemented in the commercial software of Lake Shore Cryotronics. We suggest that this is just information additional to the mobility spectrum analysis (MSA) in general without any direct relation to our maximum entropy MSA (ME-MSA) algorithm.
Interrelationships among students' study activities, self‐concept of academic ability, and achievement as a function of characteristics of high‐school biology courses (1993)

Abstract This investigation focused on the interrelationships among students' study activities, students' self‐concept of academic ability ratings, students' academic achievement, and instructional practices in 12 high school biology courses. Using a framework derived from a previous investigation, course features were classified into those that appear to (a) place demands on, (b) support, or (c) compensate for student engagement in particular study activities. Students' study activities, self‐concept of academic ability ratings, and achievement were measured with experimenter‐developed instruments. Results are reported for (a) characteristics of instruments and course features, (b) relationships between central factors of the investigation, and (c) multi‐level relationships between course features and student variables. Results at the student level indicated that self‐concept of academic ability and, to a lesser extent, students' study activities were positively associated with student achievement. Students' self‐concept of academic ability ratings were also linked to students' engagement in generative, proactive study activities. At the course level the supportive practices of providing challenging homework assignments and extensive feedback on student coursework were associated with student engagement in effortful, generative, proactive study activities. The provision of extensive feedback was also associated with high student achievement. Multi‐level relationships were analysed using hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) analyses. These analyses revealed, for example, that in courses in which little or no feedback is given on homework assignments, the relationship between achievement and student engagement in diligent effort management activities was enhanced. Other HLM analyses were conducted to examine the mediating role of course features on the relationship between students' self‐concept of academic ability and their study activities and achievement. For example, the presence of challenging course demands was associated with an enhancement of the relationship between self‐concept of academic ability and achievement whereas the presence of instructor provisions (supports and compensations) designed to reduce course demands was associated with a reduction in this relationship.
An optical-heterodyne alignment technique for quarter-micron x-ray lithography (1989)

A new optical-heterodyne interferometry alignment technique with diffraction gratings is developed for quarter-micron x-ray lithography. To obtain detection accuracy as good as a few tens of nanometers, a phase signal is utilized instead of a conventional intensity signal. The relative lateral displacement between mask and wafer is detected by measuring the phase difference between heterodyne beat signals generated by projecting two laser beams from + first-order and − first-order diffraction directions on the mask and wafer grating marks. The displacement signal is only slightly influenced by gap variation using symmetric optics. A lateral displacement detection resolution better than 10 nm is obtained by the experimental alignment setup. A nonsymmetric beam from the − third-order diffraction direction is added to the symmetric beams to detect the gap. The phase difference between two beat signals emitted to the second-order diffraction direction from the same mask and wafer marks is used as the gap detection signal. The cyclic gap signal makes it possible to set an arbitrary gap. A gap detection resolution of &lt;20 nm is realized. Using this optical-heterodyne interferometry alignment method, a four-channel alignment system is developed for synchrotron x-ray lithography. Six-axis alignment servo control is established by combining this system with highly accurate stages.
Emerging and re-emerging viruses of the honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>L.) (2010)

Until the late 1980s, specific viral infections of the honey bee were generally considered harmless in all countries. Then, with the worldwide introduction of the ectoparasite mite Varroa destructor, beekeepers encountered increasing difficulties in maintaining their colonies. Epidemiological surveys and laboratory experiments have demonstrated that the newly acquired virulence of several viruses belonging to the family Dicistroviridae (acute bee paralysis virus, Kashmir bee virus and Israeli acute paralysis virus) in Europe and the USA had been observed in relation with V. destructor acting as a disseminator of these viruses between and within bee colonies and as an activator of virus multiplication in the infected individuals: bee larvae and adults. Equal emphasis is given to deformed wing virus (DWV) belonging to the Iflaviridae. Overt outbreaks of DWV infections have been shown to be linked to the ability of V. destructor to act not only as a mechanical vector of DWV but also as a biological vector. Its replication in mites prior to its vectoring into pupae seemed to be necessary and sufficient for the induction of a overt infection in pupae developing in non-viable bees with deformed wings. DWV in V. destructor infested colonies is now considered as one of the key players of the final collapse. Various approaches for combating bee viral diseases are described: they include selection of tolerant bees, RNA interference and prevention of new pathogen introduction. None of these approaches are expected to lead to enhanced bee-health in the short term.
Structure and properties of the exopolysaccharide produced by Streptococcus macedonicus Sc136 (2001)

Streptococcus macedonicus is a Gram positive lactic acid bacterium that is part of the starter flora present in Greek sheep and goat cheeses. The S. macedonicus Sc136 strain produces a high-molecular-mass, highly texturizing exopolysaccharide composed of D-glucose, D-galactose, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in the molar ratio of 3:2:1. The structure of the exopolysaccharide produced by S. macedonicus Sc136 was determined by chemical analysis, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The repeating unit was shown to be: (see text) The polysaccharide sidechain beta-D-Galf-(1-->6)-beta-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-beta-D-GlcpNAc is a key factor in the highly texturizing properties of the S.macedonicus Sc136 exopolysaccharide. Finally, the trisaccharide sequence beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-beta-D-Glcp corresponds to the internal backbone of the lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose units, which serve as a structural basis for the large majority of human milk oligosaccharides, an additional property offering an important potential for the development of improved infant nutrition products.
Identification of auxins by a chemical genomics approach (2008)

Thirteen auxenic compounds were discovered in a screen of 10 000 compounds for auxin-like activity in Arabidopsis roots. One of the most potent substances was 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-(4-H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)acetamide (WH7) which shares similar structure to the known auxenic herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). A selected set of 20 analogues of WH7 was used to provide detailed information about the structure-activity relationship based on their efficacy at inhibiting and stimulating root and shoot growth, respectively, and at induction of gene expression. It was shown that WH7 acts in a genetically defined auxin pathway. These small molecules will extend the arsenal of substances that can be used to define auxin perception site(s) and to dissect subsequent signalling events.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Clinical Dimensions of Schizophrenia: Polygenic Effect on Disorganized Symptoms (2012)

The polygenic signal that has been observed in cross-sample analyses of schizophrenia GWAS data sets could be in part related to genetic effects on negative and disorganized symptoms (i.e., core features of chronic schizophrenia).