gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NOISE, TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT, AND LONG TIME STABILITY OF ELECTRODES FOR TELLURIC OBSERVATIONS* (1980)

A bstract Numerous electrodes, already used in geophysics or just perfected by us, have been compared by measuring the three main characteristics which interest the user: noise spectrum, temperature coefficient and polarization with its stability versus time. Among the most used unpolarizable electrodes, silver‐silver chloride (Ag‐AgCl) are the best ones. But a systematic research of all different possible metal‐salt couples, have led us to use lead‐lead chloride (Pb‐PbCl 2 ) for the following reasons: noise as low as the one of Ag‐AgCl at 1 Hz and even lower for the low frequencies (0.4 μV at 1 Hz and 1.2 μV at 0.01 Hz for peak to peak value and Δ F = F ), temperature coefficient about ten times weaker (−40 μV/°C instead of −450 μV/°C) and also better long time stability of the polarization (1 mV/month instead of 2 at 10 mV/month). We have been using these electrodes since 1977 as “tube” electrodes which are very easy to use. They allow us to record correctly the fast variations thanks to their low noise, the very slow variations, their low temperature coefficient and their stability, and this with telluric lines only about 100 m long.
The Ability of CD40L, but Not Lipopolysaccharide, To Initiate Immunoglobulin Switching to Immunoglobulin G1 Is Explained by Differential Induction of NF-κB/Rel Proteins (1998)

Antibodies of the immunoglobulin G1 class are induced in mice by T-cell-dependent antigens but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CD40 engagement contributes to this preferential isotype production by activating NF-kappaB/Rel to induce germ line gamma1 transcripts, which are essential for class switch recombination. Although LPS also activates NF-kappaB, it poorly induces germ line gamma1 transcripts. Western blot analyses show that CD40 ligand (CD40L) induces all NF-kappaB/Rel proteins, whereas LPS activates predominantly p50 and c-Rel. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that in CD40L-treated cells, p50-RelA and p50-RelB dimers are the major NF-kappaB complexes binding to the germ line gamma1 promoter, whereas in LPS-treated cells, p50-c-Rel and p50-p50 dimers are the major binding complexes. Transfection of expression plasmids for NF-kappaB/Rel fusion proteins (forced dimers) indicates that p50-RelA and p50-RelB dimers activate the germ line gamma1 promoter and that p50-c-Rel and p50-p50 dimers inhibit this activation by competitively binding to the promoter without activating the promoter. Therefore, germ line gamma1 transcription depends on the composition of NF-kappaB/Rel proteins.
40 Gbit/s high voltage modulator driver in P-HEMTtechnology (1999)

A high speed modulator driver has been developed and realised using GaAs P-HEMT technology. The driver is realised as a distributed amplifier and gives an output signal with a voltage swing of > 5 V at a data rate of 40 Gbit/s.
Thermal Management of High Density Power Electronics Modules Using Dielectric Mineral Oil With Applications in the Electric Utility Field for Smart Grid Protection (2011)

The thermal management of high density power electronics can be extremely challenging due to high power loads paired with small device footprints. When these power electronics are used in systems, which require extremely high reliability, the design of the thermal abatement system takes on increasing importance. In this study, the thermal response of a solid state fault current limiter is analyzed in steady-state and failure mode to develop a thermal solution which is both economical and reliable. The solid state fault current limiter is used in electric distribution systems to prevent a current surge from reaching sensitive equipment downstream of a power plant in the event of a disturbance on the line. A parametric study on several design variables including power loading, device spacing, and system flowrate is completed to give insight into the development of an optimal design. A coldplate design using dielectric mineral oil, which minimizes both system footprint and operating cost, is developed. This analysis and thermal management solution is applicable not only to this situation but also to the other high density power electronics applications.
A study in contrasts (1987)

Abstract The Beartooth Highway (U.S. 212) lies southwest of Billings, Montana (Fig. 1). The section of highway discussed here extends from Red Lodge, Montana, to Cooke City, Montana. The road is paved and well maintained, but it may be temporarily closed by snow as early as Labor Day. It closes for the season by middle to late September, and remains closed until mid-May. The stops discussed here (Fig. 1) are pullouts (4 to 6 cars) on the highway and are accessible by two-wheel drive cars. Other than pullouts the road is narrow, with little possibility of overflow parking. Land ownership is largely National Forest (Gallatin and Custer in Montana, Shoshone in Wyoming) with the exception of private holdings along Rock Creek below the switchbacks.
Burn serum causes a CD14-dependent mitochondrial damage in primary cardiomyocytes (2010)

Studies from animal models suggest that myocardial mitochondrial damage contributes to cardiac dysfunction after burn injury. In this report, we used an ex vivo model of primary cardiomyocyte culture to investigate the mechanisms of burn-induced mitochondrial impairment. Briefly, blood serum was collected from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats subjected to 40% total body surface area burn and added (10% vol/vol) to primary cardiomyocytes prepared from SD rats. The effect of the burn serum on mitochondrial function and membrane integrity in the myocytes was analyzed. Exposure of myocytes to burn serum doubled the mitochondrial membrane damage measured by two independent assays. This treatment also significantly elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress, indicated by a more than 30% increase in lipid oxidation. Downregulation of mitochondrial antioxidant defense was also evident since the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were reduced by about 30% and 50%, respectively. Burn serum also induced deficiency of mitochondrial metabolism, indicated by a 30% decrease in the activity of cytochrome c oxidase. These mitochondrial dysfunctions appear to be generated by oxidative stress because burn serum induced a significant increase of mitochondrial oxygen species (mtROS) in cardiomyocytes, and pretreatment of cardiomyocytes with the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine prevented the mitochondrial damages induced by burn serum. Remarkably, the increase in mtROS was abolished by an antibody-mediated blockade of CD14. Furthermore, burn injury-induced mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes was prevented in CD14 knockout mice. Taken together, these data suggested that burn injury produces CD14-dependent mitochondrial damage via oxidative stress in myocardium.
A simple strain cell for the measurement of the gauge factor of a thin film (1999)

In this article, we present the design and fabrication of a simple strain cell using a displacement dial gauge. The strain sensitivity for this cell is of the order of 10−5 which is approximately equal to that obtained by cantilever bending. The advantage of this cell is that it can be used for the determination of the strain for the metal films deposited on any type of substrates, which do not have well defined Young’s modulus. The gauge factor for discontinuous silver film deposited on softened poly-2-vinylpyridine substrate protected by an oxide overlayer coating is determined using this strain cell and the value of the gauge factor for this film is about 45.
Application of a New Color Detection Based Method for the Fast Parallel Screening of DeNO<i><sub>x</sub></i> Catalysts (2002)

A new fast parallel detection method for stage I screening of solid catalysts has been developed. This method is based on the color change of organic dyes in the presence of either educts or reaction products in a reaction gas flow. As an example, NO decomposition and NO reduction with propylene under lean or rich conditions were studied. The presence of NO in a gas stream was detected by the color change from colorless to blue-green of filter paper impregnated with an organic dye, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which was placed in the gas stream after the catalyst bed. The catalyst library was made up of mixed metal oxides, synthesized by impregnation of activated carbon with metal oxide precursor solutions and subsequent combustion of the carbon matrix. Catalytic activity of these metal oxides was compared to platinum on gamma-alumina as a reference catalyst. The most active compounds were then studied in detail for their DeNO(x)properties in a high precision parallel flow test rig under a stationary and cyclic lean/reach operation. A new promising NO(x) storage catalyst was discovered.
Vertical profile optimisation of a self-aligned SiGeC HBT process with an n-cap emitter (2003)

SiGeC heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with a cut-off frequency of f/sub T/>150GHz, have been realised with an n-type emitter cap, using a self-aligned integration scheme. Device simulations were used to tune the emitter base side of the non-selective epitaxially grown SiGeC layer. The experimental results are in very good agreement with the predictions.
Detection of coherent tunable THz-wave using of stimulated polariton scattering in MgO:LiNbO 3 (2007)

We report the experimental results of generation and coherent detection of narrow linewidth tunable terahertz radiation at room temperature utilizing a difference frequency generation as a result of stimulated scattering in the nonlinear crystal of MgO:LiNbO<sub>3</sub>. The terahertz radiation was generated from an all-solid-state tunable injection-seeded THz-wave parametric generator (is-TPG), which emits the monochromatic THz-wave over a wide tunable frequency range from 0.6 THz to 2.4 THz with the linewidth of narrower than 100 MHz. Mixing of terahertz radiation (frequency &ohgr;<sub>T</sub> ) with a near-infrared intense pump pulse (frequency &ohgr;<sub>P</sub> ) results in the excitation and amplification of the difference frequency component with frequency &ohgr;<sub>i</sub> =&ohgr;<sub>P</sub> -&ohgr;<sub>T</sub>, which is detected with a InGaAsbased photodiode. We demonstrate this method a fast response and very sensitive THz-wave detection running at room temperature, which is at least three of magnitude faster and two of magnitude more sensitive than a typical Liquid-He cooling Si bolometer for detecting the quasi-cw THz-wave beam. This detection technique is possible for coherent detection, it can measure the THz electric field, not only the intensity. As a result, the phase information is preserved, the real and imaginary parts of a sample's dielectric function may be determined simultaneously with this detection.
Characterization of Aspartate Kinase III of Bacillus subtilis (2001)

A search in the Bacillus subtilis genome sequence found that the gene designated yclM encode(s) a protein showing significant identity in amino acid sequence to aspartate kinases. When yclM was introduced into Escherichia coli cells deficient in all three aspartate kinase genes, production of a protein with molecular size 50 kDa, which was similar to the value deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the gene, was observed. Expectedly, the protein purified to homogeneity had aspartate kinase activity. The enzyme was significantly inhibited by simultaneous addition of both threonine and lysine, which is a typical feature of aspartate kinase III of B. subtilis. The enzyme was very unstable in 10 mM tris-HCl (pH 7.5) buffer, but was stabilized by addition of 500 mM ammonium sulfate. Although all the aspartate kinases so far investigated are oligomeric enzymes, this aspartate kinase was suggested to be a monomer.
Construction and Analysis of Cast-in-Place Tubular Piles (2012)

A new deep foundation construction method for large diameter, cast-in-place, tubular piles was advanced in recent years. The general dimension of this deep foundation is about 1 to 1.5 m in outside diameter, with wall thickness in the range of 120 to 200 mm. The pile length can be up to about 40 m. In this paper, construction and analysis methods for this foundation type are described. Since the construction method of tubular piles differs from that of the conventional drilled shafts or driven piles; therefore, load test results on full-size tubular piles under vertical compression loads and lateral loads were compiled to develop empirical analysis methods using the current t-z curve and p-y curve embedded in computer programs, such as LPILE and SHAFT.
Laser diode arrays for optical pumping of Nd:YAG (1985)

Although diode pumping of Nd:YAG lasers has been an area of active investigation for many years, developments continue to occur which show promise for a wide range of laser applications. In principle, any neodymium host laser which can be lamp pumped can also be diode pumped and generally an improvement in laser size, weight, and efficiency can be expected. In practice, diode pumping has been limited to relatively low-power Nd:YAG lasers due to cost, diode quality, and packaging constraints. Potential cost reductions in the GaAIAs wafer growth and pump array fabrication could make this technology competitive with lamp pumping for many applications requiring long life, high efficiency, and compact design.
Improved eventing protocol for universal plug and play (2004)

UPnP is a widely-spread connectivity standard, which allows networked devices to cooperate in an autonomous fashion by using functionality found on the network.\nIn this article we validate UPnP as a service-oriented architecture. We identify shortcomings of the standard and propose solutions. In our view, eventing is the weakest mechanism in UPnP technology. We propose extensions to the existing eventing protocol in UPnP, which allow overcoming identified problems. We compare our solution with standard UPnP with respect to performance.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐(2‐(2‐HYDROXYMETHYLPHENYLTHIO)BENZYL)‐4‐METHYLPIPERAZINE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL ANTIDEPRESSANTS: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING (1984)

Abstract Das Piperazin (III) wird mit den Thiophenolen (IV) basisch zu den Piperaziden (Va)‐(Vd) kondensiert.
Protein synthesis yield increased 72 times in the cell-free PURE system (2014)

Compared to cell-based protein expression, cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) offers several advantages including a greater control over system additives. This control is further enhanced with a CFPS system called the Protein synthesis Using Recombinant Elements (PURE) system, which consists of 108 purified transcriptional and translational elements. With the PURE system, all elements are known, nuclease and protease activities are reduced, and the concentration of each element can be optimized for maximal protein expression. However, protein expression yield with this system is relatively low due to the consumption of nutrients and energy molecules as well as the accumulation of inhibitory byproducts in the batch format. To enhance protein expression with the PURE system, we developed a feeding solution that was optimized using a miniaturized fluid array device (μFAD) in a continuous-exchange cell-free (CECF) format. The device enabled (1) continuous supply of energy/nutrient molecules from the feeding solution to the reaction solution where protein synthesis occurred, and (2) simultaneous removal of inhibitory expression byproducts from the reaction solution to the feeding solution. Consequently, the synthesis yield of green fluorescent protein (GFP) increased 72.5-fold in comparison with the same reaction in the conventional batch format.
Fast Vision-guided Mobile Robot Navigation Using Model-based Reasoning And Prediction Of Uncertainties (2005)

The model-based vision system described in this thesis allows a mobile robot to navigate indoors at an average speed of 8 meters/minute using ordinary laboratory computing hardware of approximately 16 MIPS power. The navigation capabilities of the robot are not impaired by the presence of the stationary or moving obstacles. The vision system maintains a model of uncertainty and keeps track of the growth of uncertainty as the robot travels towards the goal position. The estimates of uncertainty are then used to predict bounds on the locations and orientations of landmarks expected to be seen in a monocular image. This greatly reduces the search for establishing correspondence between the features visible in the image and the landmarks. Given a sequence of image features and a sequence of landmarks derived from a geometric model of the environment, a special aspect of our vision system is the sequential reduction in the uncertainty as each image feature is matched successfully with a landmark, allowing subsequent features to be matched more easily, this being a natural byproduct of the manner in which we use Kalman-filter based updating. Strategies for path planning, path replanning and perception planning are introduced for the robot to navigate in the presence of obstacles. Finally, experimental results are presented.
On the development of heat storage building materials (1982)

A heat storage building material concept currently under investigation consists of incorporating phase change material (PCM) into double-walled hollow-channeled plastic wallboard of approximately 1/4 inch thickness. The resulting panels will be in the form of thin sheets, approximately 4X8 square feet in area. The possible PCM's under study include Glauber's salt, calcium chloride hexahydrate, and lithium nitrate trihydrate. The aim of the panel is to increase the thermal inertia of the building structure and in this way to make possible significant energy savings for the structure. In this paper we describe our study of this concept and of the broader question of its impact on the house load and comfort, as it has proceeded thus far. In particular, we sketch the results of a preliminary analysis of the behavior of the PCM's and PCM panels for various heat input modes. We then describe mathematical modeling techniques for a building.
VCSELs bonded directly to foundry fabricated GaAs smart pixel arrays (1997)

This letter reports the flip-chip bonding of an 8×8 array of free standing VCSELs to a foundry fabricated GaAs metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET) smart pixel array. The VCSELs have oxide defined apertures and are co-planar bonded directly to smart pixels which perform the selection function of a data filter. The V/sub th/ and series resistance of the VCSELs were on average approximately 2.1 V and 250 /spl Omega/, respectively, which indicates that good electrical contact was obtainable with this process. The I/sub th/ ranged between 2-4 mA, with a corresponding output power of between 400 μW and >1.0 mW depending on aperture size.
Stability of Abdominal Fat and Meat of Broilers: Combined Effect of Dietary Vitamin E and Synthetic Antioxidants (1981)

The effect of α-tocopheryl acetate (ATA) in combination with synthetic antioxidants in a diet without added fat or in a diet containing 4% acidulated soybean-oil soapstock on the α-tocopherol (AT) content of abdominal fat and on the stability of carcass tissues of 8-week-old broilers was determined. Ethoxyquin (EQ), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and Endox-50 consistently (but not significantly, P>.05) increased AT levels in carcass fat of birds fed diets with or without ATA supplementation. The stability of abdominal fat and thigh meat increased with the combination of EQ and ATA in birds fed the two basal diets beyond the effect of each of these materials fed alone. The combination of BHT with ATA increased the stability of fat and meat only in birds fed the diet without added fat. Endox-50 did not improve tissue stability either with or without ATA supplementation.
The effect of heparinized catheter lock solutions on systemic anticoagulation in hemodialysis patients (2010)

Heparin 1,000 IU/ml catheter lock solution confers a significantly lower risk of systemic heparinization than heparin 5,000 IU/ml without any overtly detrimental effect on intradialytic blood flow, catheter failure rates and catheter-related bacteremia rates.
False discoveries in genome scanning (1997)

Methods of multiple comparisons were applied to linkage analysis in the case of genome scanning. Data for Problem 2A were used. P-Values were calculated for all 440,400 possible tests of linkage. Plots of distribution functions and false discovery rate are shown. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Anatomic Evidence for Spontaneous Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect (1966)

Pathological evidence for spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect in seven adults has been presented. These cases were observed among 1,605 necropsies (an incidence of about 1 per 225 necropsies). In two of the cases, the ventricular septal defect was closed by an adherent tricuspid valve, possibly the result of bacterial endocarditis. In the remaining five cases a muscular ventricular septal defect was closed by a fibrous membrane.
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis. A practical guide. (1993)

<b>Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis: A Practical Guide</b> is the first laboratory manual to describe the theory and practice of this technique. Based on the authors' experience developing pulsed field gel instruments and teaching procedures, this book provides everything a researcher or student needs to know in order to understand and carry out pulsed field gel experiments. Clear, well-tested protocols assume only that users have a basic familiarity with molecular biology. Thorough coverage of useful data, theory, and applications ensures that this book is also a lasting resource for more adv
Model-based performance diagnosis for PV systems (2010)

This paper originally presents a model-based photovoltaic (PV) performance monitoring system with an online diagnosis function in the LabVIEW environment. The collected data are compared with the estimated ones that are obtained using a single-diode practical PV model. The proposed LabVIEW-based PV monitoring system will raise an alarm as soon as the difference between the measured and estimated data is over prescribed criteria. All the important parameters such as irradiance, cell temperature, output voltage, current, and power of a PV module are displayed in a front panel in the LabVIEW environment like physical instrument, which is programmed with a user-friendly graphic user interface (GUI). The main objective of this paper is to make the PV monitoring system have the self-diagnosis function that is based on the simulation of a built-in practical PV model under real operating conditions. Finally, the validation of the proposed system using a commercial PV module demonstrates its simplicity, user-friendliness, and accuracy.
On the inverse of the hankel transform (1994)

Some results are given about the inverse of the Hankel transform.