gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directed Growth and Electrical‐ Transport Properties of Carbon Nanotube Architectures on Indium Tin Oxide Films on Silicon‐Based Substrates (2005)

Abstract Growing aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on electrically conducting and/or optically transparent materials is potentially useful for accessing CNT properties through electrical and optical stimuli. Here, we report a new approach to growing aligned bundles of multiwalled CNTs on a porous back contact of optically transparent and electrically conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) films on silicon and silica substrates without the use of a predeposited catalyst. CNTs grow from a xylene/ferrocene mixture, which traverses through the pores in the thin ITO film, and decomposes on an interfacial silica layer formed via the reaction between ITO and the Si substrate. The CNTs inherit the topography of the silica substrate, enabling back‐contact formation for CNTs grown in any predetermined orientation. These features can be harnessed to form CNT contacts with other substrate materials which, upon reduction by Si, results in a conducting interfacial layer. The ITO‐contacted CNTs exhibit thermally activated ohmic behavior across a 100 ± 10 meV barrier at electric fields below ∼ 100 V cm –1 due to carrier transport through the outermost shells of the CNTs. At higher electric fields, we observe superlinear behavior due to carrier tunneling and transport through the inner graphene shells. Our findings open up new possibilities for integrating CNTs with Si‐based device technologies.
La comedia especulativa como crítica social. Johan Ludvig Heiberg y “Un alma después de la muerte” (2018)

Uno de los temas principales en la agenda filosfica y literaria del poeta Johan Ludvig Heiberg era lo que l consideraba la crisis cultural de la poca. De acuerdo con Heiberg, la sociedad danesa atravesaba por un momento crtico de transicin en el que se abandonaban los antiguos paradigmas, pero no exista todava claridad sobre cules deban ser los nuevos. Heiberg estaba convencido de que la filosofa hegeliana poda arrojar luz sobre este estado de confusin. Sin embargo, pronto se percat de que el abstruso pensamiento de Hegel era de difcil acceso para el pblico dans
28.6 A 78.5dB-SNDR radiation- and metastability-tolerant two-step split SAR ADC operating up to 75MS/s with 24.9mW power consumption in 65nm CMOS (2017)

High-resolution, low-power radiation-tolerant ADCs are under great demand from medical, aerospace and high-energy physics applications. In the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter of the LHC experiment at CERN, the radiation operation condition coupled with the large dynamic range (>12b ENOB), 40-80MS/s sample rate and low power (for cooling system requirement) specs [1] make the design of such ADCs a very challenging task.
Dendrimer-Supported Oligothiophene Synthesis:  Aliphatic Ether Dendrimers in the Preparation of Oligothiophenes with Minimal Substitution (1999)

The first dendrimer-supported synthesis of oligothiophenes is reported. The dendrimer serves both as a solubilizing group and a “handle” to facilitate the iterative synthesis of the oligothiophenes. The dendrimer-functionalized oligothiophenes with minimal ring substitution were found to have an extended conjugation compared to analogous oligomers having several linear alkyl chain solubilizing substituents.
Vonoprazan-based therapy for<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>eradication: experience and clinical evidence (2016)

Stable suppression of gastric acid secretion is a crucial factor in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Vonoprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker recently approved for use in Japan. As vonoprazan has a long duration of action and causes rapid and strong inhibition of gastric acid secretion, it has gained clinical attention for treating erosive oesophagitis, peptic ulcers, and H. pylori infection. In this review, we discuss the recent knowledge regarding the safety and efficacy of vonoprazan, focusing on its use in H. pylori eradication. The latest literature and our clinical experience have shown that vonoprazan-based therapies have satisfactory eradication rates. Additionally, vonoprazan-based therapies are associated with similar rates of adverse events as standard triple therapies with conventional proton-pump inhibitors.
Shear-wave polarizations near the North Anatolian Fault -I. Evidence for anisotropy-induced shear-wave splitting (1985)

The Turkish Dilatancy Projects (TDP1 in 1979 and TDP2 in 1980) recorded small earthquakes near the North Anatolian Fault with closely-spaced networks of three-component seismometers in order to investigate the possibility of diagnosing dilatancy from its effects of shear-wave propagation. This paper examines the polarizations of shear wavetrains recorded in the shear-wave window immediately above the earthquake foci. Abrupt changes in the orientation and/or ellipticity of the shear-wave polarizations are almost always observed during the first few cycles following the initial shear-wave arrival on each seismogram. The horizontal projections of the polarizations of the first shear-wave arrivals at any given station show nearly parallel alignments with approximately the same orientations at each of the recording sites (with one exception). It is difficult to explain this uniform alignment over a wide area in terms of scattering at the irregular surface topography or by earthquake focal mechanisms. We demonstrate that the shear-wave splitting is likely to be the result of anisotropy in the region above the earthquake foci, which could produce polarizations displaying the observed alignments. The temporal change of the azimuth of alignment, observed at one locality between 1979 and 1980, may be due to the release of a local stress anomaly by a very near earthquake.
Applying Linear Interaction Energy Method for Rational Design of Noncompetitive Allosteric Inhibitors of the Sarco- and Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-ATPase (2005)

Noncompetitive inhibitors of sarco- and endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (SERCA) have important therapeutic value in the treatment of cancer, due to their ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells in a proliferation-independent manner. Thapsigargin (TG) and its analogues are one such class of inhibitors that bind to a hydrophobic pocket located in the transmembrane region of SERCA near the biomembrane surface and interfere with calcium transport. The binding free energies of thapsigargin-based inhibitors of SERCA were computed using a novel linear interaction energy (LIE) method with a surface generalized Born (SGB) continuum solvation model. A training set of 20 TG analogues was used to build a binding affinity model for estimating the free energy of binding for 18 new inhibitors with a root-mean-square (rms) error of 1.36 kcal/mol with respect to experimental data. For 15 out of the 18 inhibitors in the test set, the rms error was 1.02 kcal/mol, which is on the order of the accuracy level achieved by highly rigorous free energy of perturbation (FEP) or thermodynamic integration (TI) methods. On the basis of the analysis of the binding cavity at the interface of the membrane surface and the cytoplasmic region, we propose that side chains of TG derivatives at the O-8 position orient toward the cytoplasmic region through a hydrophobic channel. On the basis of this insight, four analogues of varying side chain length at the O-8 position with a charged moiety at the end were designed, tested with LIE methodology, and then validated experimentally for their SERCA inhibition activity. Low levels of rms error for the majority of inhibitors establish the structure-based LIE method as an efficient tool for generating more potent and specific inhibitors of SERCA by testing rationally designed lead compounds based on thapsigargin derivatization.
An Overview of Selected Membrane Techniques for Environmental Applications (2002)

Membrane processes provide a powerful technique for solvent and solute recovery from dilute (Reverse Osmosis, RO; Nanofiltration, NF; Ultrafiltration, UF) to concentrated (Pervaporation, PV) solutions. The special features for membrane processes that make them attractive for environmental applications are their compactness, ease of fabrication, operation, and modular design. Considerable volume reduction of waste streams is also possible with membranes (for example, 30 fold for RO and up to 1000 fold for PV). Removal of heavy metals, arsenic, nitrates, and other inorganics is of immense interest for drinking water production and also for dilute aqueous systems. Although many conventional techniques (i.e., ion exchange, precipitation, inorganic adsorbents, etc.) are effective for removing some of these pollutants, they are limited in their capacity to accomplish simultaneous removal of all species (including natural organics and pesticides). This paper deals with the applications of RO/NF/PV, and novel functionalized (with polymeric ligands) microfiltration membranes. The results of high performance zeolite pervaporation membranes showed high water flux and outstanding water/organic solvent selectivity. With a new generation aromatic polyamide and other composite RO membranes, rejection of heavy metals such as Pb and As(V) are greater than 98% and nitrate rejections range between 95-97%. Novel microfiltration based metal sorbents with capacities considerably higher than conventional ion exchange have been developed.
Synthesis and Properties of Poly(ether imide)s Having <i>Ortho</i>-Linked Aromatic Units in the Main Chain (1997)

This paper demonstrates the synthesis and characterization of poly(ether imide)s with ortho-linked main-chain units based on the bis(ether anhydride)s derived from catechol and 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene. The polymerization was conducted in two steps via the formation of a poly(amic acid) precursor followed by thermal cyclodehydration. The resulting polymers were characterized by inherent viscosity, solubility, film-forming ability, tensile tests, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements. Typical poly(ether imide)s were noncrystalline and showed excellent thermal stability. The polymers had glass transition temperatures from 193 to 224 °C and exhibited excellent processability. Many poly(ether imide)s were also soluble in dipolar aprotic solvents and m-cresol.
Ruthenium-doped InP buried 1.3μm DFB lasers on a p-type substrate (2005)

We have fabricated 1.3-/spl mu/m InGaAsP DFB lasers with a simple buried structure using Ru-doped semi-insulating InP on a p-InP substrate for the first time. SIMS measurements revealed that the Ru-doped InP decreased Zn diffusion from the p-InP substrate in comparison with Fe-doped InP. The Ru-InP buried lasers showed good L-I characteristics and small-signal responses in a temperature range of 25 to 95 /spl deg/C. Clearly opened eyes for 10-Gb/s direct modulation of the Ru-InP buried lasers were obtained even at 85 /spl deg/C.
Anti-herpes simplex virus and cytostatic activity of some new 5-substituted 1-(4-hydroxybutyl)-and 1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) uracil nucleoside analogues. (1985)

Two series of 5-substituted acyclic uracil nucleoside analogues (5-X-acyclo-U) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against three herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains and one type 2 (HSV-2) strain in a plaque inhibition assay on human embryonic lung fibroblast (HELF) cell cultures as well as for their ability to inhibit the proliferation of baby hamster kidney cells in suspension (BHK-S) culture. Acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine; ACV] and (S)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine [(S)-DHPA] were used as reference compounds. Only two derivatives, 1-(4-hydroxybutyl)-5-(2,2-dibromovinyl)uracil (Br2V-HBU) and 1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)-5-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-uracil (Br2V-HEMU) proved active, but only at high concentrations (57-350 mumol/l) and without selectivity of anti-herpes activity, whereas ACV showed strong inhibition of HSV-1 and HSV-2 and a low cytostatic effect on BHK-S cells (50% inhibitory concentrations are 0.25-0.73, 2.1, and 240 mumol/l for HSV-1, HSV-2, and BHK-S, respectively), demonstrating a high antiherpes selectivity. In contrast, all other 5-X acyclo-U analogues [X = methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, vinyl, and 2-bromovinyl; acyclo = 1-(4-hydroxybutyl) and 1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)] as well as the reference compound (S)-DHPA were inactive at concentrations up to 0.5-1 mmol/l. Some structure to activity relationships of acyclic pyrimidine and purine nucleoside analogues are discussed.
On the fractionation of buttermilk by microfiltration membranes (2006)

Le babeurre, sous-produit de fabrication du beurre, est riche en composés mineurs associés à la membrane du globule de gras (MFGM). Ces composés possèdent d'excellentes propriétés fonctionnelles et certaines propriétés biologiques uniques. Le but de ce projet était de développer une approche de séparation des composés de MFGM par microfiltration. Plusieurs conditions de filtration (température, diamètre de pores, type de babeurre) on été étudiées. Les résultats on démontré que la présence de micelles de caséines dans le babeurre nuisait à la séparation de la MFGM en raison des tailles comparables des composés. Des différences de comportement en MF du babeurre ayant subi des traitements de séchage par rapport au babeurre frais on été notées mais une étude de la microstructure du babeurre en fonction des étapes du procédé industriel n'a permis de dévoiler que des changements compositionnels subtils et non structurels de la MFGM. L'utilisation d'un babeurre dérivé d'une crème de lactosérum dépourvue de caséine a permis d'améliorer la séparation de la MFGM. Enfin une approche de lavage de la crème avant le barattage a permis une concentration efficace des composés de la MFGM par microfiltration et ce en plus de générer des flux de perméation 2 fois plus élevés que dans les procédés étudiés auparavant. Les procédés étudiés dans ce projet ont permis de mieux comprendre la séparation des composés de la MFGM à partir de babeurre et de produire des fractions pouvant potentiellement être exploitées pour leur propriétés fonctionnelles et nutraceutiques.
Aromatase-deficient (ArKO) mice have a phenotype of increased adiposity (2000)

The aromatase-knockout (ArKO) mouse provides a useful model to examine the role that estrogens play in development and homeostasis in mammals. Lacking a functional Cyp19 gene, which encodes aromatase, the ArKO mouse cannot synthesize endogenous estrogens. We examined the adipose depots of male and female ArKO mice, observing that these animals progressively accumulate significantly more intraabdominal adipose tissue than their wild-type (WT) littermates, reflected in increased adipocyte volume at gonadal and infrarenal sites. This increased adiposity was not due to hyperphagia or reduced resting energy expenditure, but was associated with reduced spontaneous physical activity levels, reduced glucose oxidation, and a decrease in lean body mass. Elevated circulating levels of leptin and cholesterol were present in 1-year-old ArKO mice compared with WT controls, as were elevated insulin levels, although blood glucose levels were unchanged. Associated with these changes, a striking accumulation of lipid droplets was observed in the livers of ArKO animals. Our findings demonstrate an important role for estrogen in the maintenance of lipid homeostasis in both males and females.
Vers un élargissement de l'accès à l'information sur les risques sanitaires liés à l'environnement en droit de l'Union européenne (2020)

International audience
Carbon Flow of Heliobacteria Is Related More to Clostridia than to the Green Sulfur Bacteria (2010)

The recently discovered heliobacteria are the only Gram-positive photosynthetic bacteria that have been cultured. One of the unique features of heliobacteria is that they have properties of both the photosynthetic green sulfur bacteria (containing the type I reaction center) and Clostridia (forming heat-resistant endospores). Most of the previous studies of heliobacteria, which are strict anaerobes and have the simplest known photosynthetic apparatus, have focused on energy and electron transfer processes. It has been assumed that like green sulfur bacteria, the major carbon flow in heliobacteria is through the (incomplete) reductive (reverse) tricarboxylic acid cycle, whereas the lack of CO(2)-enhanced growth has not been understood. Here, we report studies to fill the knowledge gap of heliobacterial carbon metabolism. We confirm that the CO(2)-anaplerotic pathway is active during phototrophic growth and that isoleucine is mainly synthesized from the citramalate pathway. Furthermore, to our surprise, our results suggest that the oxidative (forward) TCA cycle is operative and more active than the previously reported reductive (reverse) tricarboxylic acid cycle. Both isotopomer analysis and activity assays suggest that citrate is produced by a putative (Re)-citrate synthase and then enters the oxidative (forward) TCA cycle. Moreover, in contrast to (Si)-citrate synthase, (Re)-citrate synthase produces a different isomer of 2-fluorocitrate that is not expected to inhibit the activity of aconitase.
GNOME (1984)

Structure editors have frequently been used as powerful and unifying interfaces for programming environments in computer science research settings. Few, however, have found their way into common use. GNOME is an attempt to channel the experience gained in the use of structure editing for software development environment research of the Gandalf Project into a practical novice programming environment. Based on a family of structure editors, it is currently being used to teach programming to undergraduates at Carnegie-Mellon University. This paper describes the GNOME environment, recounts lessons learned in adapting structure editors to novice programmers, and discusses its effectiveness as a teaching environment.
Automatic polarisation demultiplexer polarisation-multiplexed transmission systems (1993)

The authors present a fully automatic polarisation demultiplexer for polarisation-multiplexed fibre-optic transmission systems and demonstrate its operation in a 20Gbit/s system experiment in which two independent 10Gbit/s channels are transmitted over 134 km of dispersion-shifted fibre.
Rapid Mapping of Texture in Polycrystalline Materials Using an Imaging Plate on a Synchrotron Radiation Source (1995)

Taking advantage of the high brilliance of synchrotron radiation, a system was developed for rapid mapping of the orientation distribution of crystal grains (texture) in polycrystalline materials using an imaging plate. A monochromatized beam is incident on the sample, which is rotated using the omega-axis mechanism of an X-ray diffractometer so that the surface of the sphere of poles of the selected reflection is scanned by the Ewald sphere. Simultaneously, the imaging plate is translated vertically with a velocity that is synchronized with that of the sample rotation. It is possible to record pole figures over an extended angular range within a short period of time, typically of the order of minutes. The method has been applied to the observation of a time change in the orientation distribution of metal sheets at elevated temperatures.
P-05 Ejaculatory Disorders (2007)

Dapoxetine acts supraspinally to inhibit ejaculatory reflex in anaesthetised rats Clement, P.; Bernabe, J.; Gengo, P.; Denys, P.; Laurin, M.; Alexandre, L.; Giuliano, F. Pelvipharm Laboratories, Gif sur Yvette, France; Pelvipharm Laboratories, Pharmacology & Physiology, Gif sur Yvette, France; Alza Corporation, Research & Development, Mountain view, USA; Poincare Hospital, NeuroUro-Andology, Garches, France; Hopital de Bicetre, Dept. of Urology CHU de B, Le Kremilin Bicetre, Cedex, France
BRCT domains: A little more than kin, and less than kind (2012)

BRCT domains are versatile protein modular domains found as single units or as multiple copies in more than 20 different proteins in the human genome. Interestingly, most BRCT-containing proteins function in the same biological process, the DNA damage response network, but show specificity in their molecular interactions. BRCT domains have been found to bind a wide array of ligands from proteins, phosphorylated linear motifs, and DNA. Here we discuss the biology of BRCT domains and how a domain-centric analysis can aid in the understanding of signal transduction events in the DNA damage response network.
<title>New approach to JPEG 2000 compliant region-of-interest coding</title> (2001)

Region Of Interest (ROI) coding is one of the innovative functionalities supported by JPEG 2000, the new ISO/ITU-T still image coding standard developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG). It enables a non-uniform distribution of the image quality between a selected region (the ROI) and the rest of the image (background). This feature is obtained by scaling background coefficients in the wavelet domain. According to the ROI Maxshift method defined in JPEG 2000 part 1 (baseline algorithm), the background bit-planes are down-shifted below all ROI coefficients. In addition, the ROI can have any shape as the latter does not need to be transmitted to a JPEG 2000 decoder (no codestream overhead due to the coding of the shape). On the contrary, this method requires decoding of all ROI coefficients before accessing bit-planes of the background. Furthermore, it uses large shifting values that significantly increase the number of total bit-planes to encode. In JPEG 2000 part 2 (extensions), a generic (Scaling based) ROI coding has been included. This method supports any scaling values. In particular, it allows a rough control on both ROI and background qualities distributions in the codestream, but implies the derivation of a ROI bit-mask at the decoding side. This paper starts by providing some hints on how to choose an optimal Maxshift scaling value, as well as how to pad the ROI extra bits appearing during the shift operation. Then, it proposes an encoding algorithm that combines advantages of both ROI methods. This algorithm can be used by applications where visually lossless ROI*s is acceptable and is based on an extension of the Maxshift method to low scaling values. The generated codestreams remain compliant with the Maxshift decoding algorithm described in JPEG 2000 part 1, and can be consequently handled by any JPEG 2000 decoder.
Estimating Pure Component Vapor Pressures of Complex Organic Molecules (1997)

Modifications of the entropy of boiling term and heat capacity change upon boiling term are made to the Yalkowsky−Mishra vapor pressure equation. These modifications eliminate a systematic error and enable the pure component vapor pressure estimation of complex organic compounds, including those that are hydrogen bonding. The new vapor pressure equation, which requires only the knowledge of transition temperatures and molecular structure, is shown to be more accurate than the Yalkowky−Mishra equation for a wide variety of compounds over a wide range of temperatures (vapor pressures from 1 atm and below).
Purification and characterization of tomato polygalacturonase converter (1984)

Extracts of ripe tomatoes contain two forms of polygalacturonase (PG I and PG II). A heat-stable component that binds PG II to produce PG I has been isolated from tomato fruit. This component has been named polygalacturonase converter (PG converter). The PG converter has been purified by gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography and chromatofocusing. It appears to be a protein with a relative molecular mass of 102000. It was readily inactivated by papain and pronase. The converter was labile at alkaline conditions, and treatment of PG I at pH 11 released free PG II. A similar factor with a lower molecular mass was extracted from tomato foliage.