gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Die Gewinnung von 4‐Aryl‐2‐oxytetronimiden aus aromatischen und heterocyclisch‐aromatischen Aldehyden, Glyoxal und Cyanid. 2. Mitteilung über Reduktone (1954)

Abstract Aromatische oder heterocyclisch‐aromatische Aldehyde vereinigen sich in wässerig‐alkalischem Milieu mit Glyoxal und Cyanid in durchschnittlich 80% Ausbeute zu 4‐Aryl‐2‐oxytetronimiden. Die Eigenschaften der neuen Reduktone und die zu ihrer Charakterisierung tauglichen Reaktionen werden besprochen.
Acute Pain Management in Opioid Dependent Patients (2009)

Acute pain management remains a challenge in opioid dependent patients, and it has been recognised that these patients are commonly under-treated.Chronic opioid exposure leads to widespread adaptations both at cellular and synaptic level.Physical dependence is a neuropharmacological phenomenon as a result of neuroadaptation and neuroplasticity, in contrast to addiction that is both neuropharmacological and behavioural.While providing the patient's pre-existing opioid requirement, the acute pain episode should be managed using additional multimodal analgesia: non-opioid medications in combination with local anaesthetic techniques and as required, short-acting opioid titrated to effect.Patients on long term buprenorphine and methadone with acute pain episode should be continued with their maintenance therapy and an additional short-acting opioid analgesic titrated to achieve therapeutic effect.
Radionuclide ventriculography and central aorta pressure change in noninvasive assessment of myocardial performance. (1989)

Systolic pressure-volume diagrams were obtained noninvasively by measuring the systolic central aortic pressure with a new device and by combining the pressure measurements, thus obtained, with absolute volume measurements obtained by radionuclide ventriculography during ejection. By dividing the peak power by the time elapsed from the beginning of ejection to the peak power point, the ejection rate of change of power (ERCP) was calculated. The ability of this index to assess left ventricular function at rest and exercise was evaluated in ten healthy subjects. ERCP proved to be more sensitive than global left ventricular ejection fraction increasing fivefold from rest to exercise compared with only 20% increase in global ejection fraction. ERCP increased dramatically postexercise from 3411 +/- 2173 to 18,162 +/- 14,633 gm/sec2, median 12,750, 95% confidence interval 9700-29,600, in healthy, while in patients it increased twofold from 2637 +/- 824 to 5062 +/- 1897 gm/sec2, median 4070, 95% confidence interval 2800-7030, p less than 0.001. ERCP had an excellent discriminative power in differentiating healthy subjects from patients, having 100% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 95% accuracy, 95% positive predictive value, and 90% negative predictive value. Thus, this noninvasive index seems to have a more comprehensive ability to evaluate changes in left ventricular function and shows a promising potential for clinical applications.
Single Event Upsets in a 130 nm Hardened Latch Design Due to Charge Sharing (2007)

Critical charge to represent a logic HIGH is steadily decreasing with decreasing technology feature size. Many methods have been developed to increase critical charge requirement for storage elements, thereby reducing the soft error rates. Design-based approaches have been proposed that use four storage nodes instead of two nodes to retain data. Such designs are considered single event upset (SEU) immune at low energy ion hits for all practical purposes because a single ion hit at a storage node does not cause an upset. However, such designs are vulnerable to ion hits that result in multiple nodes collecting charges. For deep sub-micron technologies, the proximity of circuit nodes results in charge collection at multiple nodes when a single ion strikes a node. Researchers first observed the effect of such charge sharing in SRAM designs. In this paper, circuit and 3D technology computer aided design (TCAD) mixed-mode simulations are used to characterize charge sharing between sensitive pairs of devices and the resulting upsets in a hardened storage cell. The simulation results were verified with experimental data showing upsets due to charge sharing in a hardened cell when exposed to low energy ions
A Drug‐Delivery Vehicle Combining the Targeting and Thermal Ablation of HER2+ Breast‐Cancer Cells with Triggered Drug Release (2013)

Covering all three bases: Drug-delivery vehicles that encapsulate doxorubicin (Dox) within a pH-sensitive matrix embedded with gold nanoparticles were synthesized with Herceptin–poly(ethylene glycol) conjugates on the surface for the specific binding of cancer cells (see picture; NIR=near infrared). Cell targeting was combined with enhanced cytotoxicity through triggered drug release (at pH 5–6) and thermal ablation (a photothermal effect). As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Atorvastatin Promotes Phagocytosis and Attenuates Pro-Inflammatory Response in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (2017)

Phagocytosis of daily shed photoreceptor outer segments is an important function of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and it is essential for retinal homeostasis. RPE dysfunction, especially impairment of its phagocytic ability, plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Statins, or HMG CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors, are drugs with multiple properties that have been extensively used to treat hyperlipidemia. However, their effect on RPE cells has not been fully elucidated. Here we report that high dose atorvastatin increased the phagocytic function of ARPE-19 cells, as well as rescue the cells from the phagocytic dysfunction induced by cholesterol crystals and oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), potentially by increasing the cellular membrane fluidity. Similar effects were observed when evaluating two other hydrophobic statins, lovastatin and simvastatin. Furthermore, atorvastatin was able to block the induction of interleukins IL-6 and IL-8 triggered by pathologic stimuli relevant to AMD, such as cholesterol crystals and ox-LDL. Our study shows that statins, a well-tolerated class of drugs with rare serious adverse effects, help preserve the phagocytic function of the RPE while also exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. Both characteristics make statins a potential effective medication for the prevention and treatment of AMD.
Initial tissue response to anti-washout apatite cement in the rat palatal region: Comparison with conventional apatite cement (2001)

Initial tissue response to anti-washout apatite cement (aw-AC) in the palatal region was studied. Conventional apatite cement (c-AC) was employed as a control material. Bone defects generated in the rat palatal region, where complete hemostasis is difficult to effect, were filled with both cement types and examined histologically for up to 8 weeks. At 1-week postfilling, a portion of the c-AC had washed out, resulting in slight inflammation and severe foreign-body response. The degree of foreign-body response to c-AC was reduced over time; however, foreign-body response continued to be in evidence 8 weeks after surgery. As a result, poor bone formation was observed in the case of c-AC at 8 weeks post-surgery. In contrast, aw-AC set well, maintained its shape at implantation, and caused little foreign-body response. Osteoblasts were observed at 2 weeks following surgery. Moreover, the bone defect was completely covered with new bone at 8 weeks post-surgery. This observation suggests that aw-AC may be used without complication in cases where complete hemostasis is difficult to achieve, that is, where the use of c-AC is contraindicated.
A novel population health data source to inform local planning: the SIMLR Study (2014)

Abstract of a paper that was presented at 2014 Primary Health Care Research Conference, Canberra, Australia, 23-25 July.
Cytochrome c is involved in Fas-mediated apoptosis of prostatic carcinoma cell lines. (2000)

We have shown previously that the pathways leading to Fas-mediated apoptosis in prostatic carcinoma cell lines are intact, because apoptosis can be triggered either by Fas ligation alone in the Fas-sensitive cell lines PC3 and ALVA31 or by rendering the Fas-resistant cell lines DU145 and JCA1 Fas-sensitive by combined treatment with anti-Fas monoclonal antibody and cycloheximide (O. W. Rokhlin et al., Cancer Res., 57: 1758-1768, 1997). In this study, we demonstrate that two of the early events after Fas ligation are the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and activation of caspase-9. We also found that Bid is processed after Fas ligation and thus might activate the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cascade. In a cell-free system, cytochrome c induced caspase-3-like activity in cytoplasmic extracts from all four cell lines studied, although differences in the level of enzymatic activity were observed. Western blot analysis revealed that caspase-7 is activated by cytochrome c at the same level in all extracts, whereas expression and activation of caspase-3 varied considerably. Cytochrome c-activated extracts displayed different abilities in the induction of apoptotic features in isolated nuclei such as morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. However, differences in nuclear apoptotic activity induced by cytochrome c did not correlate with the level of caspase-3 like activity in the different extracts. These results suggest that the mitochondrial pathway is involved in Fas-mediated apoptosis in prostatic carcinoma cell lines and that, in addition to caspase-7 and caspase-3, there are other factors that confer nuclear apoptotic activity.
Improved Systolic and Diastolic Myocardial Function with Intracoronary Pyruvate in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure (2004)

Intracoronary pyruvate improves systolic and diastolic myocardial function and increases ejection fraction without increasing heart rate. Pyruvate thus exhibits the profile of a favourable inotropic agent, however, further investigation for the treatment of patients with acute heart failure is mandatory.
A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication (2010)

In the framework of a contract with the European Space Agency, RUAG Space are developing a Coarse Pointing Assembly for an Optical Communication Terminal with the goal to enable high-bandwidth data exchange between GEO and/or LEO satellites as well as to earth-bound ground stations. This paper describes some development and testing aspects of such a high precision opto-mechanical device, with emphasis on the influence of requirements on the final design, the usage of a Bearing Active Preload System, some of the lessons learned on the BAPS implementation, the selection of a flex print design as rotary harness and some aspects of functional and environmental testing.
Numerical Programming on Networks of Computers (2004)

A review of Parallel Computing on Heterogeneous Networks by Alexey L. Lastovetsky
Quantification of microscopic anisotropy with diffusion MRI (2015)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
$S$- and $C$-Band Ultra-Compact Phase Shifters Based on All-Pass Networks (2009)

Ultra-compact phase shifters are presented. The proposed phase-shifting circuits utilize the lumped element all-pass networks. The transition frequency of the all-pass network, which determines the size of the circuit, is set to be much higher than the operating frequency. This results in a significantly small chip size of the phase shifter. To verify this methodology, 5-bit phase shifters have been fabricated in the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> - and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> -band. The <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> -band phase shifter, with a chip size of 1.87 mm × 0.87 mm (1.63 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ),has achieved an insertion loss of 6.1 dB ±0.6 dB and rms phase-shift error of less than 2.8 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> in 10% bandwidth. The <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> -band phase shifter, with a chip size of 1.72 mm × 0.81 mm (1.37 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), has demonstrated an insertion loss of 5.7 dB ± 0.8 dB and rms phase-shift error of less than 2.3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> in 10% bandwidth.
Location-aware cache management for many-core processors with deep cache hierarchy (2013)

As cache hierarchies become deeper and the number of cores on a chip increases, managing caches becomes more important for performance and energy. However, current hardware cache management policies do not always adapt optimally to the applications behavior: e.g., caches may be polluted by data structures whose locality cannot be captured by the caches, and producer-consumer communication incurs multiple round trips of coherence messages per cache line transferred. We propose load and store instructions that carry hints regarding into which cache(s) the accessed data should be placed. Our instructions allow software to convey locality information to the hardware, while incurring minimal hardware cost and not affecting correctness. Our instructions provide a 1.07x speedup and a 1.24x energy efficiency boost, on average, according to simulations on a 64-core system with private L1 and L2 caches. With a large shared L3 cache added, the benefits increase, providing 1.33x energy reduction on average.
Measurement of thermal expansion at high temperatures by laser interferometry of two fibers (1976)

Thermal expansion is determined by measuring interferometrically the relative displacement of two fibers attached to specimens. Coherent monochromatic light from a laser incident upon the two adjacent fibers produces a Fraunhofer fringe pattern. Relative displacement of the fibers can then be determined by monitoring the motion of the fringe pattern. The technique was applied to the measurement of thermal expansion of ceramics in air to 1150 °C and of graphites in vacuum to 1900 °C.
Three-dimensional numerical modeling of the influence of faults on groundwater flow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (1999)

Numerical simulations of groundwater flow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada are used to investigate how the faulted hydrogeologic structure influences groundwater flow from a proposed high-level nuclear waste repository. Simulations are performed using a 3-D model that has a unique grid block discretization to accurately represent the faulted geologic units, which have variable thicknesses and orientations. Irregular grid blocks enable explicit representation of these features. Each hydrogeologic layer is discretized into a single layer of irregular and dipping grid blocks, and faults are discretized such that they are laterally continuous and displacement varies along strike. In addition, the presence of altered fault zones is explicitly modeled, as appropriate. The model has 23 layers and 11 faults, and approximately 57,000 grid blocks and 200,000 grid block connections. In the past, field measurement of upward vertical head gradients and high water table temperatures near faults were interpreted as indicators of upwelling from a deep carbonate aquifer. Simulations show, however, that these features can be readily explained by the geometry of hydrogeologic layers, the variability of layer permeabilities and thermal conductivities, and by the presence of permeable fault zones or faults with displacement only. In addition, a moderate water table gradient can result from fault displacement or a laterally continuous low permeability fault zone, but not from a high permeability fault zone, as others postulated earlier. Large-scale macrodispersion results from the vertical and lateral diversion of flow near the contact of high and low permeability layers at faults, and from upward flow within high permeability fault zones. Conversely, large-scale channeling can occur due to groundwater flow into areas with minimal fault displacement. Contaminants originating at the water table can flow in a direction significantly different than that of the water table gradient, and isolated zones of contaminants will occur at the water table downgradient. This behavior is not predicted by traditional models of contaminant transport. In addition, the influence of a particular type of fault cannot be generalized; depending on the location where contaminants enter the saturated zone, faults may either enhance of inhibit vertical dispersion.
[Conditions of "thymidine analog mutations" (TAMs) in naive patients treated with different combinations of d4T]. (2000)

Recently, d4T/ddI combination has been associated with the selection of thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) in 50% of patients with a detectable viral load after 6 to 12 months of this bi-therapy (ALBI, STADI and BMS A1460 tests). We evaluated the rate of selection of the TAMs in naive patients with a viral load of > 200 copies/mL after: 6 months to 1 year of d4T/3TC bi-therapy (group 1); 1 year or more of a treatment including d4T/3TC (group 2); and more than 6 months of tri-therapy including d4T/ddI (group 3). The reverse transcriptase gene has ben studied in 33 patients in group 1, 17 patients in group 2 and ten patients in group 3. For the latter patients, the tri-therapies were as follows: d4T/ddI/PI (n = 5), d4T/ddI/NNRTI (n = 4), d4T/ddI/NRTI (n = 1). For the group 1 patients, at baseline, two patients already had TAMs. At M6, all the patients acquired the 3TC-associated mutations, M184V. Only one patient selected a MDR mutation profile (F116Y, Q151M). At M12, 26 of 33 plasmas were analysed. Only one patient selected one TAM (T215Y). For the group 2 patients, only three patients selected TAMs after more than 30 months of treatment. For the group 3 patients, at baseline, only one patient already harbored TAMs. None of the other patients had selected TAMs. In patients who received d4T/ddI/3TC, only the M184V, the 3TC-associated mutation, was selected. In conclusion, stavudine in association with 3TC selected a low rate of TAMs; in patients receiving a treatment including d4T/3TC, time of exposure to stavudine seemed to be an important parameter for the selection of TAMs; and in contrast to results obtained on d4T/ddI, tri-therapies including d4T/ddI did not select any TAMs, whatever the combination (NRTI, NNRTI, PI).
Bacterial phagocytosis activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in human neutrophils (1998)

The hypothesis that bacterial phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) stimulates MAPK cascades that regulate respiratory burst activation was tested. Extracellular response kinase (ERK) and p38 kinase, but not c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, activities were increased within 5 min of phagocytosis of plasma-opsonized Staphylococcus aureus (S-SA), reached maximum at 20-30 min, and remained elevated through 60 min. The role of Fcy receptors was examined using gamma globulin-opsonized SA (IgG-SA), whereas CR3 receptors were activated by particulate beta-glucan. IgG-SA stimulated a maximal ERK activity at 30 min, whereas p38 activity was maximal at 5 min. Beta-glucan stimulated maximal ERK activity at 5 min and maximal p38 activity at 2 min. Non-opsonized bacteria were ingested at 10% of the level of S-SA and stimulated a minimal increase in ERK and p38 activity at 60 min. S-SA stimulation of ERK was inhibited by wortmannin, LY294002, and genistein, but not calphostin C; whereas p38 stimulation was inhibited by calphostin C and genistein, but not wortmannin and LY294002. Simultaneous measurement of phagocytosis and H2O2 production by flow cytometry was used to assess the role of ERKs and p38 kinase in phagocytosis. The MEK inhibitor PD098059 had no significant effect on phagocytosis or H2O2 production. The p38 kinase inhibitor SB203580 significantly attenuated H2O2 production, whereas phagocytosis was unaffected. In conclusion, bacterial phagocytosis stimulates ERK and p38 activation by distinct signal transduction pathways. Phagocytosis-stimulated p38 kinase activity is necessary for optimal H2O2 production.
A rail-to-rail differential quasi-digital converter for low-power applications (2012)

This paper presents a new high performance 1.2 V-0.18 μm CMOS differential voltage-to-frequency converter (dVFC). The proposed dVFC works properly over the whole differential input range providing an output frequency range of 0.0-0.9 MHz with 0.015% linearity error for a -40 to 120°C temperature range and a 30% supply voltage variation. Power consumption is below 60 μW, which makes it suitable to be used in portable applications.
Recovery efficiencies of nucleic acid extraction kits as measured by quantitative LightCyclerTM PCR (2001)

There were large differences between the kits and it appeared that those extraction kits containing a proteolytic enzyme and carrier nucleic acid (and that are supplied RNase free) have the widest potential application in the routine microbiology laboratory.
Ketene. I. Preparation and Reactions (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKetene. I. Preparation and ReactionsF. O. Rice, Joseph Greenberg, Charles E. Waters, and R. E. VollrathCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 8, 1760–1765Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01323a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01323a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views615Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts