gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on Polypeptides. XXX. Synthetic Peptides Related to the N-Terminus of Bovine Pancreatic Ribonuclease (Positions 8-13)<sup>1-4</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on Polypeptides. XXX. Synthetic Peptides Related to the N-Terminus of Bovine Pancreatic Ribonuclease (Positions 8-13)1-4Klaus Hofmann, Wilhelm Haas, Michael J. Smithers, Robert D. Wells, Yecheskel Wolman, Noboru Yanaihara, and Guido ZanettiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 3, 620–631Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01081a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01081a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nano-electronics of high k dielectrics on exotic semiconductors for science and technology beyond Si CMOS (2010)

We have achieved high device performance in self-aligned inversion-channel InGaAs MOSFETs, as well as a CET of < 1 nm, a D <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</inf> ≤ 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> eV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−2</sup> , and high-temperature thermal stability withstanding >850°C RTA in GGO and a CET of < 1 nm in ALD-HfO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> on InGaAs. Remarkable device performances in self-aligned, inversion-channel Ge MOSFET using GGO without any interfacial passivation layers (IPLs), and inversion-channel and accumulation type GaN MOSFET's with high k's as gate dielectrics have also been attained. Interfacial characteristics including energy band parameters were studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Some Bromination Products of the Fluorophenols<sup>1</sup> (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Bromination Products of the Fluorophenols1L. Chas. Raiford and Arthur L. LeRosenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1944, 66, 12, 2080–2082Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01240a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01240a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Serum Neutralizing Antibody Titers Increase during Latency in Rabbits Latently Infected with Latency-Associated Transcript (LAT)-Positive but Not LAT-Negative Viruses (1999)

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency-associated transcript (LAT) gene is essential for efficient spontaneous reactivation in the rabbit ocular model of HSV-1 latency and reactivation. LAT is also the only viral gene abundantly expressed during latency. Rabbits were ocularly infected with the wild-type HSV-1 strain McKrae or the McKrae-derived LAT null mutant dLAT2903. Serum neutralizing antibody titers were determined at various times during acute and latent infection. The neutralizing antibody titers induced by both viruses increased and were similar throughout the first 45 days after infection (P > 0.05). However, by day 59 postinfection (approximately 31 to 45 days after latency had been established), the neutralizing antibody titers induced by wild-type virus and dLAT2903 diverged significantly (P = 0.0005). The dLAT2903-induced neutralizing antibody titers decreased, while the wild-type virus-induced neutralizing antibody titers continued to increase. A rescuant of dLAT2903, in which spontaneous reactivation was fully restored, induced wild-type neutralizing antibody levels on day 59 postinfection. A second LAT mutant with impaired spontaneous reactivation had neutralizing antibody levels comparable to those of dLAT2903. In contrast to the results obtained in rabbits, in mice, neutralizing antibody titers did not increase over time during latency with any of the viruses. Since LAT is expressed in both rabbits and mice during latency, the difference in neutralizing antibody titers between these animals is unlikely to be due to expression of a LAT protein during latency. In contrast, LAT-positive (LAT(+)), but not LAT-negative (LAT(-)), viruses undergo efficient spontaneous reactivation in rabbits, while neither LAT(+) nor LAT(-) viruses undergo efficient spontaneous reactivation in mice. Thus, the increase in neutralizing antibody titers in rabbits latently infected with LAT(+) viruses may have been due to continued restimulation of the immune system by spontaneously reactivating virus.
DNA methylation at the CfrBI site is involved in expression control in the CfrBI restriction-modification system (2000)

We have previously found that genes of the CFR:BI restriction-modification (R-M) system from Citrobacter freundii are oriented divergently and that their promoter regions overlap. The overlapping promoters suggest regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional level. In this study the transcription regulation of CFR:BI R-M genes was analyzed in vivo and in vitro in Escherichia coli. It was shown that in the presence of CFR:BI methyltransferase (M.CFR:BI), cell galactokinase activity decreases 10-fold when the galactokinase gene (galK) is under the control of the cfrBIM promoter and increases 20-fold when galK is under the control of the cfrBIR promoter. The CFR:BI site, proven to be unique for the entire CFR:BI R-M gene sequence, is located in the -35 cfrBIM promoter region and is in close vicinity of the -10 cfrBIR promoter region. A comparison of the cfrBIM and the cfrBIR promoter activities in the in vitro transcription system using methylated and unmethylated DNA fragments as templates demonstrated that the efficiency of CFR:BI R-M gene transcription is regulated by enzymatic modification at the N-4-position of cytosine bases of the CFR:BI site by M.CFR:BI. From the results of the in vivo and in vitro experiments we suggest a new model of gene expression regulation in type II R-M systems.
Phenotypic Differences between Human Monocytes/Macrophages and Microglial Cells Studied<i>In Situ</i>and<i>In Vitro</i> (1994)

This report describes a phenotypic differentiation pattern conceived to distinguish invading monocytes from resident microglia in frozen and formalin-fixed human CNS. Phagocytic cells in normal and diseased CNS (multiple sclerosis and encephalitis) were studied immunohistochemically with a panel of antibodies, and phenotypic characteristics were compared with cultured monocytes/macrophages and microglia. Monocytes/macrophages were positive for the markers non-specific esterase, myeloperoxidase, L1, lysozyme, RFD7, and CD14, whereas microglia were negative for the same markers. Both populations of cells were positive for CD11c and CD68. Our results indicate that invading monocytes/macrophages mainly have a perivascular location in active multiple sclerosis lesions, whereas invading monocytes/macrophages also infiltrate the parenchyma in acute inflammatory CNS diseases such as in encephalitis.
Stereo in the presence of specular reflection (2002)

The problem of accurate depth estimation using stereo in the presence of specular reflection is addressed. Specular reflection, a fundamental and ubiquitous reflection mechanism, is viewpoint dependent and can cause large intensity differences at corresponding points, resulting in significant depth errors. We analyze the physics of specular reflection and the geometry of stereopsis which led us to a relationship between stereo vergence, surface roughness, and the likelihood of a correct match. Given a lower bound on surface roughness, an optimal binocular stereo configuration can be determined which maximizes precision in depth estimation despite specular reflection. However, surface roughness is difficult to estimate in unstructured environments. Therefore, trinocular configurations, independent of surface roughness, are determined such that at each scene point visible to all sensors, at least one stereo pair can compute produce depth. We have developed a simple algorithm to reconstruct depth from the multiple stereo pairs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer (2014)

Endometrial cancer is a common gynecologic malignancy typically diagnosed at early stage and cured with surgery alone. Adjuvant therapy is tailored according to the risk of recurrence, estimated based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and other histological factors. The objective of this manuscript is to review the evidence guiding adjuvant therapy for early stage and locally advanced uterine cancer. For patients with early stage disease, minimizing toxicity, while preserving outstanding cure rates remains the major goal. For patients with locally advanced endometrial cancer optimal combined regimens are being defined. Risk stratification based on molecular traits is under development and may aid refine the current risk prediction model and permit personalized approaches for women with endometrial cancer.
The quadcode and its arithmetic (1987)

The quadcode is a hierarchical data structure for describing digital images. It has the following properties: (1) straightforward representation of dimension, size, and the relationship between an image and its subsets; (2) explicit description of geometric properties, such as location, distance, and adjacency; and (3) ease of conversion from and to raster representation. The quadcode has applications to computer graphics and image processing because of its ability to focus on selected subsets of the data and to allow utilization of multiple resolutions in different parts of the image. A related approach is the quadtree. Samet recently presented a thorough survey of the literature in that field [ 7 ]. Gargantini [ 2 ] and Abel and Smith [ 1 ] presented linear quadtrees and linear locational keys that are efficient labeling techniques for quadtrees. In those papers the geometric concepts of the image are discussed by using the tree as an interpretive medium, and the approaches and procedures are based on traversal of the nodes in the tree. In this paper we present the quadcode system, which is a direct description of the image, and discuss the geometric concepts in terms of the coded images themselves.
USE OF PULTRUDED CARBON FIBER / EPOXY INSERTS AS REINFORCEMENT IN COMPOSITE STRUCTURES (2005)

As polymer matrix composite based structures such as wind turbine blades get larger in span, the required stiffness is usually supplied by the increasing thickness. The fabrication of current composite thicknesses is expensive in terms of labor, mechanical components and fabrication time. The problems are compounded for very long spans. Thermosetting resins are injected into these fiber pre-forms under very high pressures so the resin can completely encase the fibers before the resin hardens. These pressures can induce waviness into the fibers that significantly reduces the critical compression properties of these large composites. Pultruded composites are a possible solution to boost the compression properties and enable thinner, more optimized blade designs. The nature of the pultrusion process creates a highly aligned and evenly spaced fiber microstructure that is difficult to move under resin infusion pressures. The issue of efficient load transfer between the pultrusion surface and a secondary resin used to bind the pultrusion in a larger composite structure is the primary focus of this study. The pultrusion surfaces were modified by abrasion, erosion, and wet chemical oxidation techniques. The interfaces of the rods after treatment were tested in two methods. First, the pullout test consisting of pulling a pultruded rod out of block of epoxy was tried. Second, a pushout test consisting of pushing out a center rod in a representative volume element of a pultruded rod based structure was used. The effectiveness measure of the surface treatments was interface shear strength The results of the interface tests indicate that erosion surface treatments enable the largest increases in interface shear strength. Chemical surface oxidation had the lowest shear strengths, less than the untreated rod coupons. Pultruded carbon fiber composites have potential as supplemental reinforcement in larger composite structures. Erosion surface treatments are concluded to be the best at short term interface shear strength boosting, however the untreated rod performed adequately with having surface damage inflicted. Chemical oxidation has the promise of enabling long term interface strength and stablility through carbon fiber energization.
Implementation of a wafer positioning system (2011)

This study implements a system for determining the precise location of a moving wafer in a process chamber. An array of optical sensors positioned along an axis transverse to the path of a moving wafer is employed in this wafer positioning system. A computer program for wafer center calculation is developed based on the time dependent signals from the optical sensing module. The developed computer program has a human machine interface, and estimates the center position as well as the moving direction of the wafer.
CONTROLLED SERIES CAPACITOR CONVERTERS APPLIED IN GENERATOR-SETS FOR SHEV’s (2009)

This paper compares controlled series capacitor (CSC) converters applied to generator-sets used in series hybrid electric vehicles (SHEV). The operation of each circuit is discussed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. It is concluded that CSC converters can improve the power factor (PF) of the generator-set.
Beyond F-Formations: Determining Social Involvement in Free Standing Conversing Groups from Static Images (2016)

In this paper, we present the first attempt to analyse differing levels of social involvement in free standing conversing groups (or the so-called F-formations) from static images. In addition, we enrich state-of-the-art F-formation modelling by learning a frustum of attention that accounts for the spatial context. That is, F-formation configurations vary with respect to the arrangement of furniture and the non-uniform crowdedness in the space during mingling scenarios. The majority of prior works have considered the labelling of conversing group as an objective task, requiring only a single annotator. However, we show that by embracing the subjectivity of social involvement, we not only generate a richer model of the social interactions in a scene but also significantly improve F-formation detection. We carry out extensive experimental validation of our proposed approach by collecting a novel set of multi-annotator labels of involvement on the publicly available Idiap Poster Data, the only multi-annotator labelled database of free standing conversing groups that is currently available.
A Robust Autonomic Computing Architecture for Server Virtualization (2008)

The increasing heterogeneity and complexity of the Information Technology infrastructure encompassing hardware and software applications, services and networks, led to complex, unmanageable and insecure systems. Correspondingly, new approaches in regards to the IT infrastructure automation and operation have been investigated. Autonomic computing has been born and successfully launched as a research area in response to the "must have" solutions for the problems above. It approaches subjects such as self-configuration, self- protection, self-healing, and self-optimization. Its ambitious goals in making a computer environment behaving in a self controlled and intelligently guided manner, lead to various approaches such as intelligent systems, control, learning machines and others. In this paper, a special adaptive technique will be used for the implementation of self-provisioning and self- optimization techniques for autonomic computing with applications to server virtualization. The autonomic computing processes are considered as nonlinear uncertain systems with constant linearly parameterized uncertainty. The approach is motivated by the fact that a complex computer system behaves in time in a nonlinear fashion, its parameters having a stochastic variation, and components of the autonomic computing environment might fail from time to time. The architecture of an adaptive robust autonomic computing environment and its implementation specific components is described. The application domain of the autonomic computing technology has been chosen to be a virtual server environment. An application of this autonomic computing solution to server virtualization is presented at the end of this paper.
Systematic Control of the Orientation of Organic Phosphorescent Pt Complexes in Thin Films for Increased Optical Outcoupling (2019)

Orienting light-emitting molecules relative to the substrate is an effective method to enhance the optical outcoupling of organic light-emitting devices. Platinum(II) phosphorescent complexes enable facile control of the molecular alignment due to their planar structures. Here, the orientation of Pt(II) complexes during the growth of emissive layers is controlled by two different methods: modifying the molecular structure and using structural templating. Molecules whose structures are modified by adjusting the diketonate ligand of the Pt complex, dibenzo-(f,h)quinoxaline Pt dipivaloylmethane, (dbx)Pt(dpm), show an ≈20% increased fraction of horizontally aligned transition dipole moments compared to (dbx)Pt(dpm) doped into a 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl, CBP, host. Alternatively, a template composed of highly ordered 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride monolayers is predeposited to drive the alignment of a subsequently deposited emissive layer comprising (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl)-21H,23H-porphyrinplatinum(II) doped into triindolotriazine. This results in a 60% increase in horizontally aligned transition dipole moments compared to the film deposited in the absence of the template. The findings provide a systematic route for controlling molecular alignment during layer growth, and ultimately to increase the optical outcoupling in organic light-emitting diodes.
Real-Parameter Black-Box Optimization Benchmarking 2009: Noiseless Functions Definitions (2009)

Quantifying and comparing performance of numerical optimization algorithms is an important aspect of research in search and optimization. However, this task turns out to be tedious and difficult to realize even in the single-objective case – at least if one is willing to accomplish it in a scientifically decent and rigorous way. The COCO software used for the BBOB workshops (2009, 2010 and 2012) furnishes most of this tedious task for its participants: (1) choice and implementation of a wellmotivated single-objective benchmark function testbed, (2) design of an experimental set-up, (3) generation of data output for (4) post-processing and presentation of the results in graphs and tables. What remains to be done for practitioners is to allocate CPU-time, run their favorite black-box real-parameter optimizer in a few dimensions a few hundreds of times and execute the provided post-processing scripts. Two testbeds are provided, • noise-free functions • noisy functions and practitioners can freely choose any or all of them. The post-processing provides a quantitative performance assessment in graphs and tables, categorized by function properties like multi-modality, ill-conditioning, global structure, separability,... This document describes the experimental setup and touches the question of how the results are displayed. The benchmark function definitions, source code of the benchmark functions and for the post-processing and this report are available at
Invariant and smooth limit of discrete geometry folded from bistable origami leading to multistable metasurfaces (2019)

Origami offers an avenue to program three-dimensional shapes via scale-independent and non-destructive fabrication. While such programming has focused on the geometry of a tessellation in a single transient state, here we provide a complete description of folding smooth saddle shapes from concentrically pleated squares. When the offset between square creases of the pattern is uniform, it is known as the pleated hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) origami. Despite its popularity, much remains unknown about the mechanism that produces such aesthetic shapes. We show that the mathematical limit of the elegant shape folded from concentrically pleated squares, with either uniform or non-uniform (e.g. functionally graded, random) offsets, is invariantly a hyperbolic paraboloid. Using our theoretical model, which connects geometry to mechanics, we prove that a folded hypar origami exhibits bistability between two symmetric configurations. Further, we tessellate the hypar origami and harness its bistability to encode multi-stable metasurfaces with programmable non-Euclidean geometries.