gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gel Network Development in AB, ABA, and AB/ABA Block Copolymer Solutions in a Selective Solvent (2002)

In the presence of a selective solvent, ordered block copolymers form micelles that, at sufficiently high copolymer concentrations, serve to stabilize a three-dimensional network and promote physical gelation. This study examines the steady and dynamic rheological properties of micellar solutions composed of AB diblock, ABA triblock and bidisperse mixtures of AB and ABA copolymer molecules. Of particular interest is the unexpected improvement in network development upon addition of an AB copolymer to an ABA copolymer at constant solution composition. This behavior is observed for ABA/solvent systems above and below the critical gelation concentration, and is interpreted in terms of the volume exclusion that occurs in bidisperse mixture of grafted chains.
<title>Potential of Ge-Sb-Te phase-change optical disks for high-data-rate recording in the near future</title> (1997)

Achieving disk overwrite at a high-data-rate depends on increasing both the disk revolving speed and recording bit density. This work was done to estimate the possible data transferring rates that can be expected in the near future. It is projected that combining the typical phase-change material Ge-Sb-Te and a `thermally-balanced structure' to decrease over-write distortion, several 10 Mbps will soon be obtained by a red laser and more than 100 Mbps will be obtained by a blue laser.
Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate activates the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of yeast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in vitro. (1983)

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is phosphorylated in vitro by a cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The phosphorylation reaction incorporates 1 mol of phosphate/mol of enzyme and is greatly stimulated by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate acts upon fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, not on the protein kinase. The phosphorylation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase lowers its activity by about 50%. The characteristics of the phosphorylation reaction in vitro show that this modification is responsible for the inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase observed in vivo.
PHASE EQUILIBRIA IN THE SYSTEMS BeF<sub>2</sub>-ThF<sub>4</sub> AND LiF-BeF<sub>2</sub>-ThF<sub>4</sub> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPHASE EQUILIBRIA IN THE SYSTEMS BeF2-ThF4 AND LiF-BeF2-ThF4R. E. Thoma, H. Insley, H. A. Friedman, and C. F. WeaverCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1960, 64, 7, 865–870Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100836a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j100836a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views233Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Family change and support of the elderly in Asia: What do we know? (1992)

"After outlining variations in traditional family systems in Asia, this article discusses likely impacts of urbanization, industrialization and migration on family structure and care of the elderly. Evidence about changing family support for the elderly in Asia is then reviewed. The article's main conclusion is that future changes in Asian countries and areas seem likely to erode traditional family-based systems of care for the elderly, even if the overall welfare of the elderly improves because of higher incomes. Problems faced by elderly women are likely to be especially acute and may require special policies to deal with them."
Metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of human K- ras oncogene transgenic rats with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (2013)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most debilitating malignancies in humans, and one of the reasons for this is the inability to diagnose this disease early in its development. To search for biomarkers that can be used for early diagnosis of PDAC, we established a rat model of human PDAC in which expression of a human K-ras(G12V) oncogene and induction of PDAC are regulated by the Cre/lox system. In the present study, transgenic rats bearing PDAC and control transgenic rats with normal pancreatic tissues were used for metabolomic analysis of serum and pancreatic tissue by non-targeted and targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and transcriptomic analysis of pancreatic tissue by microarray. Comparison of the metabolic profiles of the serum and pancreatic tissue of PDAC-bearing and control rats identified palmitoleic acid as a metabolite, which was significantly decreased in the serum of PDAC-bearing animals. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that several transcripts involved in anaerobic glycolysis and nucleotide degradation were increased and transcripts involved in the trichloroacetic acid cycle were decreased. Other transcripts that were changed in PDAC-bearing rats were adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase (decreased: fatty acid biosynthesis), fatty acid synthase (increased: fatty acid biosynthesis) and arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (increased: arachidonic acid metabolism). Overall, our results suggest that the decreased serum levels of palmitoleic acid in rats with PDAC was likely due to its decrease in pancreatic tissue and that palmitoleic acid should be investigated in human samples to assess its diagnostic significance as a serum biomarker for human PDAC.
Optical-fluidic Sensors in LTCC- technology (2007)

The successful usage of LTCC modules within micro reaction systems especially with micro fluidic systems is state of the art since a few years. There are mixers, valves, pumpes und different kinds of micro reactors available. But one problem isn't solved yet. This is the integration of optical windows into LTCC-modules. These windows apply the ability of inline spectroscopic measurement and steering of chemical reactions in LTCC micro reactors. The best would be the integration of available commercially glasses in improved LTCC materials. These conditions allow the development of smart sensors in fluidic LTCC-micro reaction systems with all advantages of the LTCC technology. The main topic of this paper is the integration of optical windows into LTCC- modules. These windows allow a view into or through a fluidic channel or a reaction chamber. Possible applications are the monitoring and investigation of fluids and gasses and their photometric investigation. The shown LTCC modules enhance the application field of the LTCC in the micro reaction technology. A module is presented which allows a view through a reaction channel with the dimensions of 1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Photometric detection of Au nano particles in aqueous solution have been carried out.
Electrical characterization of AlxTiyOz mixtures and Al2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 nanolaminates (2007)

Mixtures and nanolaminates of Al2O3 and TiO2 with different alumina to titania ratios were prepared by atomic layer deposition. The studies were aimed at electrical characterization of metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors formed by combining an insulating oxide with large band gap (Al2O3) with an oxide with high dielectric permittivity (TiO2). In mixtures, the ratio of Al2O3 and TiO2 growth cycles varied from 10:2 to 5:5 with target layer thickness in the range of 6.2–8.8nm. In Al2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 nanolaminates, the thicknesses of Al2O3 and TiO2 constituent layers were in the ranges of 3–6 and 2–15nm, respectively. Appreciable step coverage on deep trenched substrates with high aspect ratio (1:40) was achieved with short pulse and purge times otherwise suited for the deposition of planar capacitors. The measurements confirmed the model calculations of leakage currents for laminates, mixtures, and pure Al2O3 films predicting the lowest leakage for pure Al2O3 films at all possible equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) values. Inclusion of TiO2 as an oxide of higher permittivity but lower band offsets on Si considerably increased the leakage. Currents in the films became strongly affected by chemical and structural defects induced by the deposition process. The as-deposited films possessed higher EOT values and lower breakdown fields, compared to the model predictions. Flatband voltage shifts and hysteresis width of capacitance-voltage curves were also affected by built-in defects. Postdeposition annealing somewhat improved the dielectric performance of the films deposited.
Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Involved in the Secondary Cell Wall Biogenesis in Hybrid Aspen (2005)

Wood formation is a fundamental biological process with significant economic interest. While lignin biosynthesis is currently relatively well understood, the pathways leading to the synthesis of the key structural carbohydrates in wood fibers remain obscure. We have used a functional genomics approach to identify enzymes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis and remodeling during xylem development in the hybrid aspen Populus tremula x tremuloides. Microarrays containing cDNA clones from different tissue-specific libraries were hybridized with probes obtained from narrow tissue sections prepared by cryosectioning of the developing xylem. Bioinformatic analyses using the sensitive tools developed for carbohydrate-active enzymes allowed the identification of 25 xylem-specific glycosyltransferases belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GT2, GT8, GT14, GT31, GT43, GT47, and GT61 and nine glycosidases (or transglycosidases) belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GH9, GH10, GH16, GH17, GH19, GH28, GH35, and GH51. While no genes encoding either polysaccharide lyases or carbohydrate esterases were found among the secondary wall-specific genes, one putative O-acetyltransferase was identified. These wood-specific enzyme genes constitute a valuable resource for future development of engineered fibers with improved performance in different applications.
A Constitutive Law for Mitral Valve Tissue (1998)

Biaxial mechanical testing and theoretical continuum mechanics analysis are employed to formulate a constitutive law for cardiac mitral valve anterior and posterior leaflets. A strain energy description is formulated based on the fibrous architecture of the tissue, accurately describing the large deformation, highly nonlinear transversely isotropic material behavior. The results show that a simple three-coefficient exponential constitutive law provides an accurate prediction of stress-stretch behavior over a wide range of deformations. Regional heterogenity may be accommodated by spatially varying a single coefficient and incorporating collagen fiber angle. The application of this quantitative information to mechanical models and bioprosthetic development could provide substantial improvement in the evaluation and treatment of valvular disease, surgery, and replacement.
Galactosemia: How Does Long-Term TreatmentChange the Outcome? (1984)

In galactosemic subjects, treatment prevents liver and kidney failure, brain damage and cataracts, but total exclusion of galactose from the diet does not ensure the absence of all pathology. Early and well-treated children show satisfactory general health and growth, make reasonable though suboptimal intellectual progress, are prone to speech defects, and commonly experience visual perceptual difficulties and some social maladjustment. Two different metabolites are potentially toxic: galactitol is responsible for the cataracts while galactose-1-phosphate causes the rest of the pathology. As both metabolites are present in the fetus and in postnatal life, pathological changes may develop at any time in life, even when treatment is strict. Owing to UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase, man can generate galactose from glucose from early embryonic life on. Therefore, transferase-deficient individuals can form galactose-1-phosphate in the absence of exogenous galactose, a process for which UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is essential. Biosynthesis of galactose from glucose in well-treated galactosemics constitutes a mechanism of self-intoxication, not only in utero but also in adult life. The prognosis for some treated galactosemics may depend on their own ability to limit this process. Galactosemic girls, whether well-treated or not, run a considerable risk of developing ovarian dysfunction. Hypergonadotropinism has been diagnosed from 2 years of age to the third decade. Prenatal ovarian failure is not excluded but the observed facts suggest that ovarian failure is acquired after ovarian differentiation and initiation of folliculogenesis, at an individual rate and possibly through continuous self-intoxication with galactose-1-phosphate. Up to now, mild hypergonadotropinism has been documented in only 2 galactosemic males, but the male cohort of galactosemics studied for gonadal dysfunction is yet small.
Diabetes Mellitus - Insights and Perspectives (2013)

The fundamental treatment and management goals in diabetes mellitus are to control and normalize blood glucose levels and to prevent diabetic complications. It also includes maintaining normal growth and development and normal body weight. Proper diet, regular exercise, weight control and different therapeutic agents are the mainstays of diabetic care and management. Weight reduction and exercise have been shown to improve tissue sensitivity to insulin and allow its proper use by target tissues. It is obvious that medical management and goals of therapy for diabetes mellitus have changed since the publication of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial in 1993. Recent studies have shown that the risk of developing retinopathy can decrease by 76% in properly managed diabetic patients when compared to control group and that clinical and laboratory signs and symptoms of nephropathy and neuropathy can also decrease by 54 to 60%. Modern approaches to the management of diabetes mellitus embrace holistic options and this book addressed various approaches in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Wave energy converters and their impact on power systems (2005)

The objective of this paper is to give an introduction into ocean wave energy converters and their impact on power systems. The potential of wave energy is very large. There are a lot of different methods and systems for converting this power into electrical power, such as oscillating water columns, hinged contour devices as the Pelamis, overtopping devices as the wave dragon and the Archimedes wave swing. The main characteristics of these wave energy converters are discussed. A lot of research, development and engineering work is necessary to develop the experimental systems into reliable and cost-effective power stations. The wide variety of systems makes it difficult to say general things about power quality. However, the large variations of output power are a common problem. Whether this can be solved by using wave farms has to be investigated further
Nucleophosmin Is Required for DNA Integrity and p19<sup>Arf</sup> Protein Stability (2005)

Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a nucleolar phosphoprotein that binds the tumor suppressors p53 and p19(Arf) and is thought to be indispensable for ribogenesis, cell proliferation, and survival after DNA damage. The NPM gene is the most frequent target of genetic alterations in leukemias and lymphomas, though its role in tumorigenesis is unknown. We report here the first characterization of a mouse NPM knockout strain. Lack of NPM expression results in accumulation of DNA damage, activation of p53, widespread apoptosis, and mid-stage embryonic lethality. Fibroblasts explanted from null embryos fail to grow and rapidly acquire a senescent phenotype. Transfer of the NPM mutation into a p53-null background rescued apoptosis in vivo and fibroblast proliferation in vitro. Cells null for both p53 and NPM grow faster than control cells and are more susceptible to transformation by activated oncogenes, such as mutated Ras or overexpressed Myc. In the absence of NPM, Arf protein is excluded from nucleoli and is markedly less stable. Our data demonstrate that NPM regulates DNA integrity and, through Arf, inhibits cell proliferation and are consistent with a putative tumor-suppressive function of NPM.
3D seismic survey design (1994)

Planning a seismic survey call for juggling four balls at once: getting the best illumination of the target at the lowest cost while obtaining data that will satisfy present and future demands. An investment in planning can mean the difference between data that make a field and data that are not interpretable. Attention is paid to two key ingredients of seismic survey planning: how to get a good signal, and how to balance signal quality with cost constraints. Two case studies are highlighted. 22 figs., 11 refs.
Safety and efficacy of azacitidine in myelodysplastic syndromes (2010)

Azacitidine is the first DNA hypomethylating agent approved by FDA for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with demonstrated efficacy.
An interactive 3D interface for a virtual ceramic art work environment (2002)

Describes the design and implementation of a hands-on interface to support 3D object creation in a virtual environment (VE). This interface provides a 3D stereoscopic display facility. Virtual objects are presented stereoscopically just in front of users through LCD shutter glasses, enabling them to manipulate the objects directly by using their own real hands with two-handed instrumented gloves. It provides functions such as dynamic gesture expressions, position and size indication of the 3D objects, spatial manipulations, and a stereoscopic display function to operate with the two-handed gloves. A method called quasi-force-feedback is designed to control spatial tasks such as translations, rotations and deformations of the objects. It takes advantage of the objects' deformation speed to give the users a sense of force resistance from the objects visually without using any real force-feedback devices. Ceramic art is chosen as a target application and a prototype system for providing a realistic 3D virtual environment by simulating the pottery-making space in the real world is under development to verify its usefulness and effectiveness.
Time-of-flight and surface residence time measurements for ion-enhanced Si–Cl2 reaction products (1987)

The kinetics of ion-enhanced etching reactions have been investigated by exposing a silicon sample to coincident beams of Cl2 and modulated Ar+ ions. The distribution and time-dependent emission of neutral products were measured by mass spectrometry for a range of Ar+ bombardment energies (125–800 eV) and Cl2/Ar+ flux ratios (20–200). SiCl2 and SiCl4 are the primary etching products, and the emission of SiCl4 is enhanced relative to SiCl2 as the bombardment energy is reduced. A model for SiCl2 production incorporating a surface residence time and an emission temperature greater than that of the sample is consistent with data acquired for three flight path lengths. SiCl4 is emitted with a thermally equilibrated velocity after a residence time that varies from 180 to 300 μs over the range of ion energies and flux ratios. These results suggest that physical sputtering plays only a minor role in the kinetics of ion-enhanced etching.
Recent Progress in the Development of ECPR (ElectroChemical Pattern Replication)Metal Printing for Microelectronics (2006)

Abstract not Available.
THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MYOFIBRILLAR PROTEINS IN BEEF, POULTRY, AND FISH (1990)

ABSTRACT The myofibrillar proteins myosin, actin, tropomyosin, and troponin are involved in the contraction of muscle. They are also an integral part of the unique, highly organized structure of muscle tissue. The chemistry and biochemistry of these proteins has been studied both in vivo and in vitro by scientists from many different fields. The same proteins are of great importance to food scientists because of their role in meat and meat products. This review summarizes some of the important physicochemical and biochemical properties of these proteins that may be important for food scientists.
On the Vibrations of an Elastic Sphere (1881)

On the Vibrations of an Elastic Sphere.* A formula equivalent to this is given by Heine, Kugeifunetionen, t. i., p. 240.The formula (8) has been given in slightly different forms by various writers : it appears to be due substantially to Poiseon.
Site-Specific O-Glycosylation Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Produced in Insect and Human Cells (2021)

Enveloped viruses hijack not only the host translation processes, but also its glycosylation machinery, and to a variable extent cover viral surface proteins with tolerogenic host-like structures. SARS-CoV-2 surface protein S presents as a trimer on the viral surface and is covered by a dense shield of N-linked glycans, and a few O-glycosites have been reported. The location of O-glycans is controlled by a large family of initiating enzymes with variable expression in cells and tissues and hence is difficult to predict. Here, we used our well-established O-glycoproteomic workflows to map the precise positions of O-linked glycosylation sites on three different entities of protein S-insect cell or human cell-produced ectodomains, or insect cell derived receptor binding domain (RBD). In total 25 O-glycosites were identified, with similar patterns in the two ectodomains of different cell origin, and a distinct pattern of the monomeric RBD. Strikingly, 16 out of 25 O-glycosites were located within three amino acids from known N-glycosites. However, O-glycosylation was primarily found on peptides that were unoccupied by N-glycans, and otherwise had low overall occupancy. This suggests possible complementary functions of O-glycans in immune shielding and negligible effects of O-glycosylation on subunit vaccine design for SARS-CoV-2.
Experiments on the loop shaping based H<sub>∞</sub>, control of a magnetic bearing (1993)

This paper is concerned with H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> robust control design of a magnetic bearing. We design a control system using the 'Loop Shaping Design Procedure (LSDP)'. After the introduction of our experimental machine and digital controller, a mathematical model of the magnetic bearing is shown. Then, H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> controllers are designed based on the LSDP so as to reject the disturbances caused by un-balance on the rotor asymptotically. Finally, with experimental results, we show that the synchronous vibratory response of the rotor is greatly reduced.