gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of an R-prime plasmid from Rhizobium meliloti (1980)

Using a simple enrichment procedure, we isolated an R-prime derivative of plasmid R68.45 carrying a 17.8-megadalton segment of the Rhizobium meliloti 41 chromosome. The chromosomal segment carried on this plasmid (pGY1) includes the markers cys-24+, cys-46+, and att16-3. Plasmid pGY1 mobilized the chromosome in a polarized way starting from the region of homology, but cannot promote chromosome transfer from other sites. The att16-3 site on pGY1 allowed the integration of phage 16-3 into pGY1, and a composite plasmid of 91.8 megadaltons was formed. This vector (pGY2) is suitable for the introduction of Rhizobium bacteriophage 16-3 into other gram-negative bacteria.
Clinical Use of Aspirin in Treatment and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (2011)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), principally heart disease and stroke, is the leading cause of death for both males and females in developed countries. Aspirin is the most widely used and tested antiplatelet drug in CVD, and it is proven to be the cornerstone of antiplatelet therapy in treatment and prevention of CVD in clinical trials in various populations. In acute coronary syndrome, thrombotic stroke, and Kawasaki's disease, acute use of aspirin can decrease mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events. As secondary prevention, aspirin is believed to be effective in acute coronary syndrome, stable angina, revascularization, stroke, TIA, and atrial fibrillation. Aspirin may also be used for patients with a high risk of future CVD for primary prevention, but the balance between benefits and the possibility of side effects must be considered.
Magnetic Exchange in Transition Metal Complexes. III. Vanadyl Complexes with Tridentate Schiff Bases (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnetic Exchange in Transition Metal Complexes. III. Vanadyl Complexes with Tridentate Schiff BasesA. P. Ginsberg, E. Koubek, and H. J. WilliamsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1966, 5, 10, 1656–1662Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50044a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50044a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Graphene Barristor, a Triode Device with a Gate-Controlled Schottky Barrier (2012)

Despite several years of research into graphene electronics, sufficient on/off current ratio I(on)/I(off) in graphene transistors with conventional device structures has been impossible to obtain. We report on a three-terminal active device, a graphene variable-barrier "barristor" (GB), in which the key is an atomically sharp interface between graphene and hydrogenated silicon. Large modulation on the device current (on/off ratio of 10(5)) is achieved by adjusting the gate voltage to control the graphene-silicon Schottky barrier. The absence of Fermi-level pinning at the interface allows the barrier's height to be tuned to 0.2 electron volt by adjusting graphene's work function, which results in large shifts of diode threshold voltages. Fabricating GBs on respective 150-mm wafers and combining complementary p- and n-type GBs, we demonstrate inverter and half-adder logic circuits.
Mobile Bacterial Group II Introns at the Crux of Eukaryotic Evolution (2015)

This review focuses on recent developments in our understanding of group II intron function, the relationships of these introns to retrotransposons and spliceosomes, and how their common features have informed thinking about bacterial group II introns as key elements in eukaryotic evolution. Reverse transcriptase-mediated and host factor-aided intron retrohoming pathways are considered along with retrotransposition mechanisms to novel sites in bacteria, where group II introns are thought to have originated. DNA target recognition and movement by target-primed reverse transcription infer an evolutionary relationship among group II introns, non-LTR retrotransposons, such as LINE elements, and telomerase. Additionally, group II introns are almost certainly the progenitors of spliceosomal introns. Their profound similarities include splicing chemistry extending to RNA catalysis, reaction stereochemistry, and the position of two divalent metals that perform catalysis at the RNA active site. There are also sequence and structural similarities between group II introns and the spliceosome's small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and between a highly conserved core spliceosomal protein Prp8 and a group II intron-like reverse transcriptase. It has been proposed that group II introns entered eukaryotes during bacterial endosymbiosis or bacterial-archaeal fusion, proliferated within the nuclear genome, necessitating evolution of the nuclear envelope, and fragmented giving rise to spliceosomal introns. Thus, these bacterial self-splicing mobile elements have fundamentally impacted the composition of extant eukaryotic genomes, including the human genome, most of which is derived from close relatives of mobile group II introns.
A negative-index metamaterial design based on metal-core, dielectric shell resonators (2011)

In this paper a simple effective-media analysis (including higher-order multipoles) is used to design a single-resonator, negative-index design based on a metal-core, dielectric-shell (MCDS) unit cell. In addition to comparing the performance of the MCDS design to other core-shell negative-index designs, performance trade-offs resulting from the relative positioning of the electric and magnetic modal resonances in the MCDS design are also discussed.
3D assessment of fracture of sand particles using discrete element method (2012)

Shearing or compression of granular materials causes particles to translate and rotate relative to each other, interlock or fracture depending on their mineralogy, morphology, porosity, applied stresses and boundary conditions. Conventional soil plasticity theories consider mainly the stress level and density to predict soil failure and ignore the influence of particle fracture. However, recent research has shown that there is a strong relationship between granular particle fracture and plastic yielding and hardening. In this study, the fracture of individual silica sand particles was modelled by adopting the bonded particle model concept within the framework of the discrete element method (DEM). Individual three-dimensional (3D) particles were generated as an agglomerate of a large number of small spherical sub-particles that were connected by parallel bonds that resist moment and tension at contact points. The tensile strength variation observed when testing natural silica sand was achieved by changing the shape of the particle, the size and distribution of the spherical sub-particles and their bond strength. The onset and propagation of cracks through the particle were investigated using DEM and verified experimentally using 3D synchrotron micro-computed tomography images of sand. The behaviour across the scale from a single particle to a laboratory-size specimen is also presented and discussed.
How we “breathed life” into problem-based learning cases using a mobile application (2014)

This more authentic PBL experience will be extended to earlier semesters as well as later in the curriculum as the virtual hospital can be used to expose learners to a profile of patients that may not be guaranteed during hospital rounds.
A General Coefficient of Similarity and Some of Its Properties (1971)

A general coefficient measuring the similarity between two sampling units is defined. The matrix of similarities between all pairs of sample units is shown to be positive semidefinite (except possibly when there are missing values). This is important for the multidimensional Euclidean representation of the sample and also establishes some inequalities amongst the similarities relating three individuals. The definition is extended to cope with a hierarchy of characters.
Multiple-domain, simultaneous joint inversion of geophysical data with application to subsalt imaging (2011)

Abstract We describe an effective method for joining the benefits of inversion of different kinds of measurements. We show the simultaneous joint inversion objective function, which allows users to link different inversion domains, like seismic with gravity or seismic with magnetotellurics. This function can be extended to any number of domains and does not require that they be sampled on the same grid. Our parallel implementation allowed us to scale well with large volumes of data and a large number of unknowns, and it has already been included in production workflows. Furthermore, it is generic and constitutes a framework where new inversion techniques can be easily plugged in. We also present two different ways of linking various inversion domains for establishing relationships between different model domains and how they can be chosen and used to achieve the best result. Applications of the algorithm using synthetic and field data produce model features generally not achievable with single-domain inversions. Specifically, we applied our technique to real data from the Walker Ridge area in the Gulf of Mexico, and we used the results to reinterpret and remigrate seismic data. The final migrated section clearly found improved quality with respect to previous efforts. Our results document the fundamental importance of integrating nonseismic methods with seismic techniques to increase the image quality of geologically complex areas.
Wireless temperature sensing using a passive RFID tag with film bulk acoustic resonator (2008)

The lifetime of active RFID tag is limited by the equipped battery capacity. A passive RFID tag which gathers power via inductive coupling from RF power for temperature sensing was proposed to extend the lifetime of the tag. An oscillator with film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) lies at the heart of the tag. A four-layered FBAR with Al/AlN/SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> /Au composite structure was fabricated. The oscillation frequency of the oscillator varies with the temperature linearly. The temperature can be detected easily by measuring the shift of oscillation frequency. The measured phase noise of the oscillator is -75 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset. A linear temperature sensitivity of -34.5 ppm/degC in the temperature range from 10 and 80degC at 2.48 GHz is achieved.
Cellular automata machines (1977)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/7974/5/bad3115.0001.001.pdf
Atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometric system for real-time detection of low-level pollutants in air (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometric system for real-time detection of low-level pollutants in airS. N. Ketkar, J. G. Dulak, W. L. Fite, J. D. Buchner, and Seksan. DheandhanooCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 3, 260–264Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00178a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00178a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression and Self-Assembly in Baculovirus of Porcine Enteric Calicivirus Capsids into Virus-Like Particles and Their Use in an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Antibody Detection in Swine (2001)

Porcine enteric calicivirus (PEC) causes diarrhea and intestinal lesions in pigs. PEC strain Cowden grows to low to moderate titers in cell culture but only with the addition of intestinal contents from uninfected gnotobiotic pigs (W. T. Flynn and L. J. Saif, J. Clin. Microbiol. 26:206--212, 1988; A. V. Parwani, W. T. Flynn, K. L. Gadfield, and L. J. Saif, Arch. Virol. 120:115--122, 1991). Cloning and sequence analysis of the PEC Cowden full-length genome revealed that it is most closely related genetically to the human Sapporo-like viruses. In this study, the complete PEC capsid gene was subcloned into the plasmid pBlueBac4.5 and the recombinant baculoviruses were identified by plaque assay and PCR. The PEC capsid protein was expressed in insect (Sf9) cells inoculated with the recombinant baculoviruses, and the recombinant capsid proteins self- assembled into virus-like particles (VLPs) that were released into the cell supernatant and purified by CsCl gradient centrifugation. The PEC VLPs had the same molecular mass (58 kDa) as the native virus capsid and reacted with pig hyperimmune and convalescent-phase sera to PEC Cowden in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. The PEC capsid VLPs were morphologically and antigenically similar to the native virus by immune electron microscopy. High titers (1:102,400 to 204,800) of PEC-specific antibodies were induced in guinea pigs inoculated with PEC VLPs, suggesting that the VLPs could be useful for future candidate PEC vaccines. A fixed-cell ELISA and VLP ELISA were developed to detect PEC serum antibodies in pigs. For the fixed-cell ELISA, Sf9 cells were infected with recombinant baculoviruses expressing PEC capsids, followed by cell fixation with formalin. For the VLP ELISA, the VLPs were used for the coating antigen. Our data indicate that both tests were rapid, specific, and reproducible and might be used for large-scale serological investigations of PEC antibodies in swine.
Porque se publica este livro (1992)

Em 1901, o poveiro ilustre e eminente publicista Rocha Peixoto, de saudosa memória, fez na Associação Comercial da Póvoa de Varzim uma conferência sobre – A influência corporativa nos progressos locais. Como nela se afirmasse, citando datas, que no nosso país só muito tarde é que se agruparam as classes, iniciando-se o movimento associativo com as confrarias de invocações de santos patronos dessas classes, não me pareceu que essa afirmação estivesse certa pelo que conhecia da classe piscatóri...
European Cooperation on Dual Mode Route Guidance - Perspectives for Advanced Research Partners (1991)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Dual Mode Route Guidance (DMRG) is a concept which aims to combine “individual” route guidance (i.e. using on-board route calculation) and “collective” route guidance (i.e. using infrastructure-based route calculation) into one single system.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Because these two kinds of systems are based on competing philosophies addressing different social issues (individual control vs collective control), tremendous work has to be carried out before integration. The european automotive industry, in cooperation with E&amp;S, has decided to concentrate efforts - within the frame of the PROMETHEUS programme and the DRIVE initiative - in order to turn the DMRG concept into a product before the end of the century.</div>
Domains of apoE Required for Binding To apoE Receptor 2 and To Phospholipids:  Implications For The Functions Of apoE in the Brain (2003)

We have studied the contribution of the carboxy terminal domains of lipid-free apoE isolated from apoE-expressing cell cultures in binding to phospholipids and have determined the affinities of reconstituted POPC-apoE particles for the apoER2. It was found that the initial rate of association of apoE2, apoE3, apoE4, and a mutant form apoE4R158M to multilamellar DMPC vesicles was similar and was reduced and eventually diminished by gradual deletion of the carboxy terminal segments. The truncated apoE forms retained their ability to associate with plasma lipoproteins. Receptor binding studies were performed using the ldlA-7 cells expressing apoER2 and transiently transfected COS-M6 and the appropriate control untransfected cells. Specific binding to apoER2 was obtained by subtracting from the total binding to the receptor-expressing cells the nonspecific binding values of the untransfected cells. POPC-apoE particles generated using apoE3, apoE4, the truncated apoE4-259, apoE4-229, apoE4-202, and apoE-165, and the mutant apoE4R158M all bound tightly to the apoER2 (K(d) range of 12 +/- 3 to 19 +/- 4 microg/mL). POPC-apoE2 bound with reduced affinity (K(d) = 31 +/- 5.3 microg/mL). The findings establish that the apoER2 binding domain of apoE is in the 1-165 amino terminal region, whereas the carboxy terminal 230-299 region of apoE is required for efficient initial association with phospholipids.
Imaging a Child's Fundus Without Dilation Using a Handheld Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (2003)

Images of the fundus were acquired in children without pupil dilation using a prototype handheld confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). A 780-nm laser beam imaged a 20° × 20° area of the fundus while a 645-nm beam scanned a fixation target. Scorable images of the optic nerve, macula, and vessels were obtained in 67 (72%) of 93 eyes from pediatric patients with nystagmus, amblyopia, media opacities, or optic nerve or macular abnormalities. Images were obtained in all eyes of pediatric and adult controls. Unsuccessful imaging was associated with media opacities, high refractive error, and poor cooperation. Disadvantages of the SLO were the inability to detect optic nerve pallor or consistently image the periphery. Advantages of the SLO were seen in children with nystagmus, photophobia, eccentric fixation, cone dystrophy, and mild papilledema.
Automatic vehicle location—An overview (1977)

Automatic vehicle location (AVL) techniques have the potential for improving urban vehicle fleet operations. Various approaches to AVL are discussed and an introductory overview of the current state of the art in AVL technology is presented.
Optical performance considerations for analysis and simulation of power tower plants (2017)

South Africa has implemented a ‘time of day’ tariff structure for concentrating solar power plants in the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme. It is hypothesised that payment allocation factors for the ‘time of day’ and the ‘time of use’ dispatch schedule influence the optimal heliostat field layout. SolarPILOT software is used to generate and optimize the heliostat field layout of a 100 MWe power tower plant in Upington, South Africa with 8 hours of thermal energy storage in the SunShot scenario with a high receiver thermal efficiency of 90%. A large size heliostat with a total area of 115.56 m2 and an external cylindrical receiver are considered for the heliostat field layout. A subset of 12 days is simulated on an hourly basis to achieve convergence and to take seasonal, daily and hourly weather variability into account. During the optimization of a heliostat field layout, the heliostats are ranked and selected according to a performance metric. In this study, two field layouts are compared based on two different performance metrics, namely: power delivered to the receiver and the time of use weighted power. The optical performance is simulated using both the Hermite (analytical) and the Monte-Carlo Ray-Tracing methods. By accounting for the TOU weighted power, it is found that the LCOE increases from 0.1831 $/kWh to 0.1870 $/kWh using the Hermite (analytical) method. Similarly, when MCRT techniques are used for the optical characterization, the LCOE value increases from 0.1781 $/kWh to 0.1832 $/kWh. It is recommended that payment allocation factors and the tariff structure for the time of day be included when comparing field layouts with other layout generation and optimization strategies. This study will be useful for power tower developers in identifying practices to be included in the optical characterization of their heliostat field layouts for better simulation results.
Dissociation of Phospholamban Regulation of Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ATPase by Quercetin (1996)

Quercetin had a biphasic effect on Ca2+ uptake and calcium-stimulated ATP hydrolysis in isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Stimulation of Ca2+ATPase was observed at low quercetin concentrations (<25 microM) followed by inhibition at higher concentrations. The effects were dependent upon the SR protein concentration, the MgATP concentration, and intact phospholamban regulation of cardiac Ca2+ATPase. Only the inhibitory effects at higher quercetin concentrations were observed in skeletal muscle SR which lacks phospholamban and in cardiac SR treated to remove phospholamban regulation. Stimulation was additive with monoclonal antibody 1D11 (directed against phospholamban) at submaximal antibody concentrations; however, the maximal antibody and quercetin stimulation were identical. Quercetin increased the calcium sensitivity of the Ca2+ATPase like that observed with phosphorylation of phospholamban or treatment with monoclonal antibody 1D11. In addition, low concentrations of quercetin increased the steady-state formation of phosphoenzyme from ATP or Pi, but higher quercetin decreased phosphoenzyme levels. Quercetin, even under stimulatory conditions, was a competitive inhibitor of ATP, but appears to relieve the Ca2+ATPase from phospholamban inhibition, thereby, producing an activation. The subsequent inhibitory action of higher quercetin concentrations results from competition of quercetin with the nucleotide binding site of the Ca2+ATPase. The data suggest that quercetin interacts with the nucleotide binding site to mask phospholamban's inhibition of the SR Ca2+ATPase and suggests that phospholamban may interact at or near the nucleotide binding site.
Panitumumab–FOLFOX4 Treatment and <i>RAS</i> Mutations in Colorectal Cancer (2013)

Additional RAS mutations predicted a lack of response in patients who received panitumumab-FOLFOX4. In patients who had metastatic colorectal cancer without RAS mutations, improvements in overall survival were observed with panitumumab-FOLFOX4 therapy. (Funded by Amgen and others; PRIME ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00364013.).