gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IgE and IgG Antibodies to  -Propiolactone and Human Serum Albumin Associated with Urticarial Reactions to Rabies Vaccine (1987)

We examined the antibody response to a rabies vaccine doubly inactivated with 0.025% beta-propiolactone and 0.1% tri(n)butyl phosphate and stabilized with 2.5% human serum albumin. Antibodies were measured by using the following four antigen preparations: complete doubly inactivated rabies vaccine, rabies vaccine inactivated only with tri(n)butyl phosphate, beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin, and human serum albumin alone. The fluid phase of the preparation of beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin completely inhibited IgE binding to solid-phase vaccine. Of 21 subjects with urticarial reactions to a booster, 19 had IgE to doubly inactivated vaccine and to beta-propiolactone and human serum albumin. None of 27 immunized subjects without urticaria had detectable IgE. In paired pre- and postimmunization sera, IgE appeared in six of seven of the subjects with urticaria and in one of seven nonreactors. These sera did not contain a significant level of IgE to singly inactivated vaccine or to human serum albumin alone.
Biological Control of Stranglervine in Citrus–A Researcher's View (1986)

Stranglervine ( Morrenia odorata Lindl. # MONOD) was identified in 1957 at a commerical citrus grove in Florida. It is believed that this plant pest was introduced into Florida as an ornamental plant from South America. In the early 1960's, it became recognized as a serious weed pest that competed with the citrus trees for sunlight, water, and nutrients; girdled tree limbs; and interfered with spraying, harvesting, and irrigation practices. By the 1970's the vine was distributed throughout most of the citrus-growing areas in Florida. Control measures were limited to herbicides and mechanical cultivation. It was estimated that the cost of controlling this pest was $124/ha/yr. In many instances, control measures were inadequate to keep the vines from becoming established in the trees (11, 12, 13). Studies reported by El-Gholl (4) further demonstrated the inherent ability of this weed to persist.
Lidocaine Disposition following Intravenous Regional Anesthesia with Different Tourniquet Deflation Technics (1989)

It has been claimed that tourniquet cycling, cyclic deflation and reinflation of the tourniquet at the termination of intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA), enhances the safety of IVRA by minimizing the peak blood level of local anesthetics. To evaluate the validity of these claims and to determine the optimal cycling technic, peak arterial (Cmax) plasma concentrations of lidocaine were determined as well as the time to reach these peaks (Tmax) utilizing contralateral radial arterial blood samples in three groups of volunteers after 30 minutes of IVRA: In all three groups IVRA was induced with 3 mg/kg of lidocaine and maintained for 30 min. In the first group the tourniquet was then simply deflated once (and not reinflated); in the second group the tourniquet was deflated three times with variable periods of deflation (0, 10 and 30 seconds) separated by 1-minute periods of reinflation; and in the third group the tourniquet was again deflated 3 times but with fixed periods of deflation (10 sec) separated by 1 min periods of reinflation. The results obtained indicate that cycling technics do not appear to significantly reduce Cmax, but they do significantly prolong Tmax. Of the two cycling technics, the 10-second deflation interval technic appeared to be superior, both clinically and pharmacologically, as it was associated with less venous congestion and therefore less discomfort, and it sequentially decreased the arterial plasma concentration of lidocaine with each subsequent deflation-reinflation cycle.
Image de-noising in the wavelet domain using prior spatial constraints (1999)

This paper describes an algorithm for the noise removal in the wavelet domain, which takes into account not only the local noise measure, but also prior spatial constraints. These prior spatial or geometrical constraints express the fact that meaningful wavelet coefficients appear in spatially connected clusters, forming edges of given directions. Existing techniques that exploit this kind of prior knowledge are computationally expensive, while the proposed method exploits the spatial constraints in a different and simple manner. We are mostly interested in de-noising infrared images of natural terrain, for the purpose of landmine detection.
Annual incidence, serotype distribution, and genetic diversity of human astrovirus isolates from hospitalized children in Melbourne, Australia (1996)

The incidence of astrovirus infection in children under 5 years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis in Melbourne, Australia, during 1995 was determined. Astrovirus was detected in 16 fecal specimens by Northern (RNA) dot blot analysis of RNA isolated from feces with an astrovirus-specific cDNA probe. The incidence of astrovirus infection was determined as 4.2% (16 of 378 total samples) compared with rates of 63.2, 3.7, and 4.2% for rotavirus, adenovirus, and all bacterial pathogens, respectively. Astrovirus was detected during the winter season and mainly in infants between 6 and 12 months of age. Serotyping of samples was carried out by reverse transcriptase PCR and direct sequencing of a 348-bp region of the capsid protein gene. Type 1 strains predominated (11 of 13 typeable samples), although type 4 isolates were also detected. Astrovirus was retrospectively identified in 13 fecal samples collected from hospitalized infants between 1980 and 1985 and shown to contain small viruses by electron microscopy. Type 1 isolates were again the most common, although a type 5 strain was also found. Comparative sequence analysis indicated that type 1 astroviruses exhibited up to 7% sequence divergence over a 15-year period; however, all mutations were silent. The incidence of astrovirus reported here indicates that the virus is a significant cause of severe diarrhea in young children. The genetic analysis also provides important molecular epidemiological information relevant to the development of preventative therapies.
Removal of Indium Turbidity from Water Using a Magnesium Ion Loaded Weak Acid Cation Exchanger and Fibrous Graphite Electrode (2003)

Indium turbidity generated due to some corrosion of indium metal used for sealing over pressure rupture device (OPRD) of a RAPS-I moderator heavy water system was found to create a high radiation exposure problem due to activation of 115In to In116m (t1/2=54 min, Eγ=>1 MeV). The removal of indium turbidity, due to the small size, weak charge, and low concentration [(ln)≈100–150 ppb] of the suspended particles, was not possible by conventional filtration or by normal ion exchange purification systems. Indium turbidity was generated and its removal was demonstrated on magnesium hydroxide precipitated weak acid cation exchanger resin bed with 97% efficiency. A fibrous graphite electrochemical cell was also tested in the laboratory for indium turbidity removal by electrosorption and was used to remove satisfactorily indium turbidity from a RAPS moderator system on an experimental basis. The results of these studies are presented.
Translational control of ferritin synthesis by iron in embryonic reticulocytes of the bullfrog. (1982)

The regulation of ferritin synthesis by iron was examined in the reticulocytes of bullfrog tadpoles where the induction was 40- to 50-fold, increasing from 0.17 +/- 0.05% of total protein synthesis ([3H]leucine incorporation in cell suspension) to 7.4 +/- 1.6% following intraperitoneal injection of ferric ammonium citrate. No significant difference was observed between the levels of ferritin mRNA in control or iron-induced cells, determined by translation of isolated mRNA in a wheat germ system, demonstrating that ferritin induction by iron occurs by a post-transcriptional mechanism. Total protein synthesis in the wheat germ system was half-saturating at 10 micrograms of mRNA/ml whereas ferritin synthesis increased linearly up to 40 micrograms of mRNA/ml, demonstrating that the ferritin mRNA is translated with high efficiency relative to the total proteins synthesized. Studies with the cap analogue 7-methylguanosine-5'-monophosphate, suggest that cap binding is not directly involved in the high translational efficiency of the ferritin mRNA in the wheat germ system. The results indicate that iron-modulated changes in the availability of ferritin mRNA for translation, coupled with the high translational efficiency of the ferritin message, can account for the induction of ferritin synthesis by iron in embryonic erythroid cells.
Electrical properties of Te-rich, Cd-rich and hydrogen-exposed polycrystalline CdTe thin films (1983)

Polycrystalline films of CdTe, stoichiometric, Te-rich, and Cd-rich, were grown using a vacuum evaporation technique on glass substrates kept at room temperature. The as-grown films were exposed to hydrogen gas at high pressure (200-500 PSI). Measurements of DC conductivity in the temperature range 77-300K, X-ray diffraction studies and electron probe microanalyses were made on these films. The conductivity data for the stoichiometric, Te-rich and Cd-rich films in the low temperature region have been analysed for variable range hopping conduction on the basis of Mott's model. The analysis of the high temperature conductivity data for Te-rich and hydrogen-exposed films has been based on Seto's model of thermionic emission. It is found that addition of Te and Cd improves the conductivity of the films by four and six orders of magnitude respectively. However, the density of trap states near the Fermi level, N(EF), also increases with increase of Cd and Te content. In the case of hydrogen-exposed films the conductivity decreases with increase of gas pressure.
Radial profiling of formation shear velocity from borehole flexural dispersions (2002)

Many formations surrounding a wellbore exhibit radial heterogeneity that can be caused by stress concentrations, mechanical damage, or fluid invasion. Optimal completions of wells require estimates of both the radial extent and magnitude of mechanical damage that might be present. The radial heterogeneity can be expressed in terms of variations in the compressional and shear velocities as a function of radial position. Both the lowest-order axisymmetric Stoneley and flexural mode dispersions are significantly perturbed in the presence of such radial heterogeneities. This paper describes results from a forward model for computing synthetic waveforms at an array of receivers produced by either a monopole or dipole source placed on the borehole axis. These waveforms are then processed by a modified matrix pencil algorithm for isolating both non-dispersive and dispersive arrivals in the wavetrain. The Backus-Gilbert technique is then used for the inversion of flexural dispersions over bandwidths ranging from about 2 to 6 kHz for estimating radial variations in formation shear velocity. Radial variations in the inverted shear velocity is essentially uniform in the case of a homogeneous formation and agrees remarkably well with the assumed radial profile of the shear velocity in the case of radially heterogeneous formation. Agreement has been obtained to within 2% between the inverted shear velocities and the assumed shear profile in generating the synthetic data. This technique has thus been validated against synthetic data and can have a variety of applications for probing materials with varying properties using wideband dispersive signals.
Monitoring material grain size by laser-generated ultrasound (1991)

A noncontact, nondestructive, laser-based method for remote monitoring of material grain size is described. A surface acoustic wave surge, generated in the material under test by a short, high-power laser pulse, is detected optically. The leading-edge rise time of the acoustic signal is found to relate to the material grain size through frequency-dependent scattering. In assuming a Rayleigh scattering model, a good correlation with metallurgical measurements is obtained in steel specimens.
It’s good to have a mentor (2011)

It’s a long tIme sInce mentor looked after odysseus’s son telemachus durIng the Trojan War, but he’s had a lastIng Influence, says Caroline Cotton
Deepwater geohazard prediction using prestack inversion of large offset <i>P</i> -wave data and rock model (2002)

Successful deepwater drilling is defined as reaching the total well depth in the desired hole size safely (i.e., not exceeding the fracture pressure) while controlling hydrocarbon or water influx and ensuring that casings are placed across desired intervals. The oil and gas industry has succeeded in this mission thousands of time around the world but drilling challenges abound, especially in deepwater.
Structural origin of V-defects and correlation with localized excitonic centers in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (1998)

In the growth of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) structures, a novel defect (called the “V-defect”) initiates at threading dislocations in one of the first quantum wells in a MQW stack. This defect is common to almost all InGaN MQW heterostructures. The nature of the V-defect was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning TEM (STEM), and low-temperature cathodoluminescence (CL) on a series of In0.20Ga0.80N/GaN MQW samples. The structure of the V-defect includes buried side-wall quantum wells (on the {101̄1} planes) and an open hexagonal inverted pyramid which is defined by the six {101̄1} planes. Thus, in cross section this defect appears as an open “V”. The formation of the V-defect is kinetically controlled by reduced Ga incorporation on the pyramid walls ({101̄1} planes). The V-defect is correlated with the localized excitonic recombination centers that give rise to a long-wavelength shoulder in photoluminescence (PL) and CL spectra. This long-wavelength shoulder has the following characteristics: (i) its intensity is correlated with the side-wall quantum wells; (ii) the temperature independence of the full width at half maximum strongly supports a localized exciton recombination process.
E1−E4+ Adenoviral Gene Transfer Vectors Function as a “Pro-Life” Signal to Promote Survival of Primary Human Endothelial Cells (1999)

Abstract Although endothelial cells are quiescent and long-lived in vivo, when they are removed from blood vessels and cultured in vitro they die within days to weeks. In studies of the interaction of E1−E4+ replication–deficient adenovirus (Ad) vectors and human endothelium, the cells remained quiescent and were viable for prolonged periods. Evaluation of these cultures showed that E1−E4+ Ad vectors provide an “antiapoptotic” signal that, in association with an increase in the ratio of Bcl2 to Bax levels, induces the endothelial cells to enter a state of “suspended animation,” remaining viable for at least 30 days, even in the absence of serum and growth factors. Although the mechanisms initiating these events are unclear, the antiapoptoic signal requires the presence of E4 genes in the vector genome, suggesting that one or more E4 open reading frames of subgroup C Ad initiate a “pro-life” program that modifies cultured endothelial cells to survive for prolonged periods.
Processing of thyrotropin-releasing hormone prohormone (pro-TRH) generates a biologically active peptide, prepro-TRH-(160-169), which regulates TRH-induced thyrotropin secretion. (1990)

Rat thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) prohormone contains five copies of the TRH progenitor sequence Gln-His-Pro-Gly linked together by connecting sequences whose biological activity is unknown. Both the predicted connecting peptide prepro-TRH-(160-169) (Ps4) and TRH are predominant storage forms of TRH precursor-related peptides in the hypothalamus. To determine whether Ps4 is co-released with TRH, rat median eminence slices were perifused in vitro. Infusion of depolarizing concentrations of KCl induced stimulation of release of Ps4- and TRH-like immunoreactivity. The possible effect of Ps4 on thyrotropin release was investigated in vitro using quartered anterior pituitaries. Infusion of Ps4 alone had no effect on thyrotropin secretion but potentiated TRH-induced thyrotropin release in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the occurrence of specific binding sites for 125I-labeled Tyr-Ps4 in the distal lobe of the pituitary was demonstrated by binding analysis and autoradiographic localization. These findings indicate that these two peptides that arise from a single multifunctional precursor, the TRH prohormone, act in a coordinate manner on the same target cells to promote hormonal secretion. These data suggest that differential processing of the TRH prohormone may have the potential to modulate the biological activity of TRH.
Angular Compensation For Multiline Dispersion In Raman Amplifiers (1988)

In a Raman amplifier pumped by a multiline laser, it is well-known that dispersion in the Raman medium may decouple the Raman gains of the lines from each other. The small-signal gain of each line is then reduced by the fraction of the total pump power in each line. If these gains are very different from each other, then the overall conversion efficiency to the Stokes-shifted output may be limited by the difficulty in optimizing the amplifier cell length for all lines simultaneously. We describe here how the gains may be completely coupled together to solve these problems by adjusting the relative angles between the input beams so as to compensate for medium dispersion, and thereby eliminate the four-wave mixing phase mismatch. The theoretical basis for the effect, different geometries for achieving coupling, and computer simulation results for sample cases are presented.
Multifunctional Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Wing Spar for Low-Power Generation and Storage (2012)

DOI: 10.2514/1.C031542 This paper presents the investigation of a multifunctional energy harvesting and energy-storage wing spar for unmanned aerial vehicles. Multifunctional material systems combine several functionalities into a single device in order to increase performance while limiting mass and volume. Multifunctional energy harvesting can be used to provide power to remote low-power sensors on unmanned aerial vehicles, where the added weight or volume of conventional harvesting designs can hinder flight performance. In this paper, a prototype self-charging wing spar containing embedded piezoelectric and battery elements is modeled, fabricated, and tested to evaluate its energy harvesting and storage performance. A coupled electromechanical model based on the assumed modes method is developedtopredictthevibrationresponseandvoltageresponseofacantileveredwingsparexcitedunderharmonic base excitation. Experiments are performed on a representative self-charging wing spar, and the results are used to verify the electromechanical model. The power-generation performance of the self-charging wing spar is investigatedindetailforharmonicexcitationinclamped–freeboundaryconditions.Experimentsarealsoconducted to demonstrate the ability of the wing spar to simultaneously harvest and store electrical energy in a multifunctional manner.Itisshownthat,foraninputbaseaccelerationlevelof0:25 gat28.4Hzatthebaseofthestructure,1.5mW of regulated dc power isdelivered from the piezoelectric layers to the thin-film battery, resulting in a stored capacity of 0.362 mAh in 1 h.
Composition Dependence of the Superconductivity in (Ba, Sr)(Pb, Bi)O<sub>3</sub> (1984)

The effect of Sr substitution for Ba on the superconducting transition temperature T c of Ba Pb 1- x Bi x O 3 ceramics has been investigated for series of various Pb/Bi ratio. At the semiconducting region ( x =0.32), the shift of T c is proportional to the added Sr-content. At the metallic region ( x =0.20, there is a peak in the T c vs Sr-composition diagram. The result is discussed in comparison with the pressure effect of the superconductivity of this compound reported previously.
Itraconazole Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis and Cryptococcosis (1989)

We studied the efficacy of itraconazole, a new oral triazole, in 33 patients (32 were immunocompromised) with cryptococcosis. Diagnoses included cryptococcal meningitis (24 patients), cryptococcemia (19 patients), cryptococcuria (4 patients), osteomyelitis (1 patient), pulmonary cryptococcosis (1 patient), and soft-tissue cryptococcosis (2 patients). Twenty-six patients had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and 4 were transplant recipients. Therapy (200 mg two times per day) was monitored by clinical response, culture, and cryptococcal antigen testing. Cryptococcemia was abolished in 10 (100%) of 10 assessable patients; clinical abnormalities also cleared. Thirteen (65%) of 20 assessable patients with cryptococcal meningitis had complete responses (clinical resolution and negative cultures), 5 (25%) had partial responses, and therapy failed in 2 (10%). Ten (71%) of 14 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had meningitis and were treated with itraconazole as their sole therapy had complete responses, 3 (21%) had partial responses, and therapy failed in 1 (7%). Partial responses or failures were all associated with the failure of previous therapy, severe disease, low serum itraconazole concentrations, or a resistant organism. Noncompliance was associated with relapse (4 patients). Meningitis recrudesced in 3 (20%) of 15 patients who responded to therapy. All 4 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis, soft-tissue cryptococcosis, or osteomyelitis responded to therapy (100%). Cryptococcuria was abolished in 3 (60%) of 5 assessable patients. The median survival of the 20 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had meningitis exceeded 10.5 months at this writing. Overall results compare favorably with amphotericin B therapy with or without flucytosine. Forty of 44 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans were susceptible in vitro to itraconazole (minimum inhibitory concentration less than or equal to 3.13 mg/L), 3 were borderline (minimum inhibitory concentration, 6.25 mg/L), and 1 was resistant (minimum inhibitory concentration, 12.5 mg/L). As itraconazole does not penetrate cerebrospinal fluid, the meningitis results are noteworthy and suggest that meningeal and parenchymal penetration is critical. Itraconazole is promising for the treatment of cryptococcosis in patients with and without the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.