gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive color space switching for face tracking in multi-colored lighting environments (2003)

There are many studies that use color space models (CSM) for detection of faces in an image. Most researchers a priori select a given CSM, and proceed to use the selected model for color segmentation of the face by constructing a color distribution model (CDM). There is limited work on finding the overall best CSM. We develop a procedure to adaptively change the CSM throughout the processing of a video. We show that this works in environments where the face moves through multi-positioned light sources with varying types of illumination. A test of the procedure using the 2D color space models; RG, rg, HS, YQ and CbCr found that switching between the color spaces resulted in increased tracking performance. In addition, we have proposed a new performance measure for evaluating color-tracking algorithms, which include both accuracy and robustness of the tracking window. The methodology developed can be used to find the optimal CSM-CDM combination in adaptive color tracking systems.
Demonstrating a SI-HCCI-SI Mode Change on a Volvo 5-Cylinder Electronic Valve Control Engine (2003)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Operating an engine in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) mode requires the air fuel mixture to be very lean or highly diluted with residuals. This is in order to slow the kinetics down and to avoid too rapid heat release. Consequently, the operational window for the engine in HCCI mode is not the same as for the engine operating in spark ignited (SI) mode. Homogeneous charge compression ignition engine mode, in this study, is accomplished by trapping residual mass using variable valve timing.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">With the residual trapping method, the engine cannot be started in HCCI mode and due to the dilution, the engine in HCCI mode can only be operated in the part - load regime. Hence, a mode change between spark ignited and HCCI modes, and vice versa is required.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This study reports the development of a mode change strategy for a single cylinder camless engine, and its successful implementation in a camless multi cylinder engine. It was found that the operation in the first couple of cycles following a mode change deviate markedly from the steady state operation in the new mode, therefore the control parameters during the change have to be optimized. The influence of the residual mass fraction and the intake valve closing as control parameters are investigated. Both single cylinder and multi cylinder mode changes from un-throtteld SI combustion (generated with early intake valve closing) to HCCI combustion (generated with negative valve overlap) and vice versa were investigated.</div>
An efficient high-resolution method of source localization processing in mode space (1989)

The matched-field processing proposed by Bucker [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 368–373 (1976)] can be performed in phone space (matching the total field received by each phone of an array) or in mode space (matching a subset of modes resolved from the array data). For a stratified waveguide, processing in mode space can be more efficient and more robust. However, the method processing in mode space previously proposed as the ‘‘modal beamforming’’ method has the drawback of less inherent resolution. In this paper, the high-resolution modal matching (HRMM) method has been proposed instead of the ‘‘modal beamforming’’ technique. One of the advantages of the HRMM method is that high resolution can be achieved even when only a few modes are available; for depth estimation especially, the first two modes are good enough. Some numerical examples are presented.
Electrical properties of silicon-implanted furnace-annealed silicon-on-sapphire devices (1979)

The crystalline quality of s.o.s. layers can be improved near the silicon-sapphire interface by silicon implantation followed by recrystallisation. Device performance on such layers is markedly improved as to n-channel m.o.s.t. noise and leakage current, reverse diode current and lateral bipolar transistor gain. Minority-carrier lifetimes up to 50 ns are deduced.
Voltage control challenges on weak grids with high penetration of wind generation: ERCOT experience (2012)

More than 9 GW of wind capacity has been connected to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) grid. In order to accommodate the installation of future wind generation, the Competitive Renewable Energy Zone (CREZ) transmission expansion project has been planned. The CREZ project includes over two thousand miles of new 345kV transmission lines and is expected to be completed by 2014. Planning studies have been conducted to ensure that new wind generation can be reliably delivered to the ERCOT grid through the CREZ transmission facilities. Voltage oscillations and temporary overvoltage were observed in the CREZ system dynamic studies. Weak grid as indicated by low Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) was considered to be the primary cause for those voltage issues. This paper presents the analysis, including causes and solutions, for these voltage stability issues. An actual oscillatory response of an existing wind power plant (WPP) captured on a Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) and its postevent analysis supported all the findings in the CREZ planning studies. Both the real time operation events and planning studies demonstrate the voltage stability impacts of high penetration of wind generation on weak grids.
MS-DOS batch file utilities (1991)

A book/disk combination featuring DOS utilities to optimize batch file programming. Includes DOS 5.0.
Electro-rheological polymers (2007)

Smart fluids in the form of electro-rheological (ER) fluids are among the most spectacular of the smart materials. ER fluids are typically suspensions of semiconducting, solid particles dispersed in an insulating carrier liquid, which show a dramatic increase in flow resistance when an external electric field is applied. This reversible and rapid change in flow properties has potential applications in many electronically controlled mechanical devices. This article gives a short overview of the field of ER materials and their basic properties. Current and future developments with particular attention to electrorheological polymers have been reviewed.
Adverse Effects of Pain on the Nervous Systems of Newborns and Young Children: A Review of the Literature (2002)

There are immediate and long-lasting harmful consequences to the nervous system when infants experience severe or repetitive pain. These effects are especially significant in preterm infants, who are vulnerable to neurological damage during this critical time of neurodevelopment. Painful experiences may cause structural and physiological changes within the nervous system. Repeated painful procedures may result in decreased pain thresholds and hypersensitivity to pain. Immediate harmful effects of pain include physiologic instability and increased incidence of serious complications such as intraventricular hemorrhage. Painful stressors may lead to sleep disturbances, feeding problems, and inability to self-regulate. Long-term effects of pain may include altered pain perception, chronic pain syndromes, and somatic complaints. Repetitive pain in the preterm infant may be associated with attention deficit disorders, learning disorders, and behavioral problems in later childhood. Nursing involvement with pain management is crucial to achieve positive health outcomes for high-risk infants and older children and adults who have experienced repetitive or severe pain as infants.
Switched optical delay-line signal processors (1987)

In conjunction with broad-band switching matrices, optical fiber delay lines might provide versatile controllable signal processing devices. Methods of composing single and multiple variable delays and both recirculating and nonrecirculating dynamically configurable lattice filters are described. Over the response bandwidths of semiconductor lasers and detectors, optoelectronic matrices are particularly suitable for this application.
The expressivity of XPath with transitive closure (2006)

We extend Core XPath, the navigational fragment of XPath 1.0, with transitive closure and path equalities. The resulting language, Regular XPATH≈, is expressively complete for FO* (first-order logic extended with a transitive closure operator that can be applied to formulas with exactly two free variables). As a corollary, we obtain that Regular XPATH≈ is closed under path intersection and complementation. We also provide characterizations for the *-positive fragment of Regular XPATH≈, and for μRegular XPATH (the extension of Regular XPATH≈ with least fixed points).
Wood formation in Angiosperms (2010)

Wood formation is a complex biological process, involving five major developmental steps, including (1) cell division from a secondary meristem called the vascular cambium, (2) cell expansion (cell elongation and radial enlargement), (3) secondary cell wall deposition, (4) programmed cell death, and (5) heartwood formation. Thanks to the development of genomic studies in woody species, as well as genetic engineering, recent progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying wood formation. In this review, we will focus on two different aspects, the lignification process and the control of microfibril angle in the cell wall of wood fibres, as they are both key features of wood material properties.
Flowfield and Performance Analysis of a Three-Dimensional TBCC Exhaust Nozzle (2017)

Compared to other engines, turbine-based combined cycle (TBCC) engine is one of the most suitable propulsion systems for hypersonic vehicle. Because of its fine reusability, wide flight envelope, and safety margins, TBCC engine is becoming a more and more important hotspot of research. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) over–under TBCC exhaust system is designed, simulated, and the results are discussed, wherein the ramjet flowpath is designed by the quasi-two-dimensional method of characteristics (MOC). A new scheme of rotating around the rear shaft is proposed to regulate the throat area of turbine flowpath. Cold flow experiments are conducted to gain a thorough and fundamental understanding of TBCC exhaust system at on and off-design conditions. To characterize the flow regimes, static pressure taps and schlieren apparatus are employed to obtain the wall pressure distributions and flowfield structures during the experiments. Detailed flow features, as well as the thrust performance, are simulated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Both the numerical and experimental results show that the TBCC exhaust nozzle in this study can provide sufficient thrust during the whole flight envelop despite a little deterioration at the beginning of the mode transition. The research provides a new and effective scheme for the exhaust system of TBCC engine.
Reaction of Geldanamycin and C17-Substituted Analogues with Glutathione:  Product Identifications and Pharmacological Implications (2006)

17-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (DMAG) and 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) are two derivatives of geldanamycin (GA) that are currently undergoing clinical evaluation as anticancer agents. These agents bind to heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), resulting in the destabilization of client proteins and inhibition of tumor growth. In a search for the mechanism of hepatotoxicity, which is a dose-limiting toxicity for these agents, we found that GA and its derivatives, 17-AAG and 17-DMAG, react chemically (i.e., nonenzymatically) with glutathione (GSH). A combination of liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were used to identify the product of this reaction as a GSH adduct in which the thiol group of GSH is substituted in the 19-position of the benzoquinone ring. The reaction proceeds rapidly with GA and 17-DMAG (half-lives of approximately 1.5 and 36 min, respectively) and less rapidly with 17-AAG and its major metabolite, 17-AG (half-lives of approximately 9.8 and 16.7 h). The reaction occurs at pH 7.0, 37 °C, and a physiological concentration of GSH, indicating that cellular GSH could play a role in modulating the cellular toxicity of these agents and therefore be a factor in their mechanism of differential toxicity. Moreover, reactions with thiol groups of critical cellular proteins could be important to the mechanism of toxicity with this class of anticancer agents.
Targeting 2A Protease by RNA Interference Attenuates Coxsackieviral Cytopathogenicity and Promotes Survival in Highly Susceptible Mice (2005)

RNA interference directed against the 2A protease encoding genomic region effectively confers intracellular immunity toward CVB3-mediated cell injury and improves survival, suggesting a potential role for RNA interference for future treatment options targeting enteroviral diseases.
Carbamates and 2-oxazolidinones from tertiary alcohols and isocyanates (1976)

Organo-tin catalysts have been used to prepare a large number of new carbamates of tertiary alcohols. Cyclization of carbamates of unsaturated tertiary alcohols leads to the formation of 2-oxazolidinones, and provides a new synthetic route for some of these compounds.
A phase 2 trial of BMS-247550 (ixabepilone), an epothilone B analog, given daily x 5 in breast cancer (2004)

545 Background: The epothilones are nontaxane microtubule stabilizers which have shown promising activity in 1- and 3-hour infusions every 3 weeks. Grade 3 neuropathy was reported in 12–37% of breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients with metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer and measurable disease were stratified by prior taxane therapy. Patients were treated with BMS-247550 at 6 mg/m2/d IV d1–5, every 3 weeks. A novel battery of tests to assess neurotoxicity included subjective questionnaires, balance testing, Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, the Jebsen Test of Hand Function, the Grooved Peg Board Test, and nerve conduction studies. Results: Forty-two patients received 174 cycles. Prior taxane-treated patients received 0–10 (median 2) prior chemo regimens; taxane naïve patients received 0–1 (median 0) prior chemo regimens. Grade 3 and 4 toxicities per patient: neutropenia (32%, grade 4: 20%), febrile neutropenia (10%, all grade 3), thrombocytopenia (5%), fatigue (15%), diarrhea (12%), nausea/vomiting (5%), constipation (2%), myalgia/arthralgia (2%), sensory neuropathy (grade 3: 2%, all grades: 40%). Of the 33 prior taxane-treated patients, there are 6 (18%) PR, 12 (40%) SD, 12 (40%) PD, 3 (9%) too early to evaluate (TE). Of the 9 taxane-naive patients, 4 (44%) PR, 4 (44%) SD, and 1 (11%) TE. One patient was removed from study due to grade 3 neurotoxicity, and 2 pts for other grade 3/4 toxicities. Eleven of 30 (37%) patients with no baseline neuropathy developed grade 1; 3 (10%) of 30 developed grade 2; 1 (3%) developed grade 3. Only 1 of 12 (8%) patients with baseline grade 1 developed grade 2 neuropathy. Increased sensory neuropathy was associated with self-reported worsening of pain intensity (p<0.01), but not with the other neurotoxicity tests evaluated, and further analyses are ongoing. Eight patients have had pre- and post-treatment biopsies. Tubulin stabilization will be assessed by examining post-translational modifications of tubulin on pre- and post-therapy biopsies by Western blot. Conclusions: Responses are seen in both prior taxane-treated and taxane naïve patients. Sensory neuropathy was mild with grade 3 neurotoxicity rarely seen. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb
Fundamentals of microfluidic cell culture in controlled microenvironments (2010)

Microfluidics has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach cell biology research. The dimensions of microfluidic channels are well suited to the physical scale of biological cells, and the many advantages of microfluidics make it an attractive platform for new techniques in biology. One of the key benefits of microfluidics for basic biology is the ability to control parameters of the cell microenvironment at relevant length and time scales. Considerable progress has been made in the design and use of novel microfluidic devices for culturing cells and for subsequent treatment and analysis. With the recent pace of scientific discovery, it is becoming increasingly important to evaluate existing tools and techniques, and to synthesize fundamental concepts that would further improve the efficiency of biological research at the microscale. This tutorial review integrates fundamental principles from cell biology and local microenvironments with cell culture techniques and concepts in microfluidics. Culturing cells in microscale environments requires knowledge of multiple disciplines including physics, biochemistry, and engineering. We discuss basic concepts related to the physical and biochemical microenvironments of the cell, physicochemical properties of that microenvironment, cell culture techniques, and practical knowledge of microfluidic device design and operation. We also discuss the most recent advances in microfluidic cell culture and their implications on the future of the field. The goal is to guide new and interested researchers to the important areas and challenges facing the scientific community as we strive toward full integration of microfluidics with biology.
The fatty acid composition of some Entomophthoraceae. III (1971)

The fatty acid compositions of 12 Conidiobolus species were determined. The n-saturated acids comprised C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, and C18, while nC16, nC17, nC18, and nC20 unsaturated acids were also present. In addition, C. heterosporus contained three saturated branched-chain acids. The correlation between these data and the classification of these fungi is discussed.
Mycobacterium xenopi, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium kansasii, and Other Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in an Area of Endemicity for AIDS (1992)

Between 1981 and 1990, cultures of specimens from 86 patients at State University of New York-Health Sciences Center at Brooklyn were positive for nontuberculous mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare complex or Mycobacterium gordonae. The most common species isolated were Mycobacterium xenopi (33), Mycobacterium fortuitum (28), Mycobacterium kansasii (7), and Mycobacterium chelonae (6). Thirty-five patients (41%) had clinical and/or serological evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Patients from whom M. xenopi and M. kansasii were isolated were significantly more likely to be infected with HIV than were the remaining patients in this series. Most of the mycobacterial isolates were cultured from respiratory secretions. However, extrapulmonary infections with M. fortuitum, M. xenopi, M. kansasii, Mycobacterium terrae, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum did occur among the HIV-infected patients.
Dual-Band Perfect Absorber for Multispectral Plasmon-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy (2012)

Metamaterial-based perfect absorbers utilize intrinsic loss, with the aid of appropriate structural design, to achieve near unity absorption at a certain wavelength. For most of the reported absorbers, the absorption occurs only at a single wavelength where plasmon resonances are excited in the nanostructures. Here we introduce a dual-band perfect absorber based on a gold nanocross structure. Two bands of maximum absorption of 94% are experimentally accomplished by breaking the symmetry of the cross structure. Furthermore, we demonstrate the two bands can be readily tuned throughout the mid-infrared with their associated resonances giving rise to large near-field enhancements. These features are ideal for multiband surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy applications. We experimentally demonstrate this application by simultaneously detecting two molecular vibrational modes of a 4 nm thick polymer film utilizing our proposed absorber. Furthermore, in response to variations in the interaction strength between the plasmonic and molecular dipoles, we observe an anticrossing behavior and modification in the spectral line shape of the molecular absorption peak, which are characteristic of the coupling between the two modes.
Correction to Multifunctional Rare-Earth Vanadate Nanoparticles: Luminescent Labels, Oxidant Sensors, and MRI Contrast Agents (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdditions and Correc...Additions and CorrectionsORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Multifunctional Rare-Earth Vanadate Nanoparticles: Luminescent Labels, Oxidant Sensors, and MRI Contrast AgentsMouna Abdesselem, Markus Schoeffel, Isabelle Maurin, Rivo Ramodiharilafy, Gwennhael Autret, Olivier Clément, Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Jean-Pierre Boilot, Thierry Gacoin, Cedric Bouzigues, and Antigoni Alexandrou*Cite this: ACS Nano 2015, 9, 4, 4660Publication Date (Web):April 6, 2015Publication History Received31 March 2015Published online6 April 2015Published inissue 28 April 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.5b01924https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b01924correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views793Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (43 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Cells,Multifunctional,Nanoparticles,Toxicity Get e-Alerts
Substituted Anilinopyridine Carboxylic Acids with Antiinflammatory Activity (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituted Anilinopyridine Carboxylic Acids with Antiinflammatory ActivityD. Evans, K. S. Hallwood, C. H. Cashin, and H. JacksonCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 3, 428–431Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00315a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00315a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts