gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
User-guided modulation of rendering techniques for detail inspection (2015)

Understanding intricate details of carved models, for example ones prevalent in cultural heritage applications, is often difficult from renderings using traditional illumination models. A number of illustrative rendering techniques are known, but each works well only for some models. We present a rendering system that combines these techniques in an attempt to make the visualization more comprehensible given any context. In particular, our system learns user's visual preferences using exemplars from a domain and applies an appropriate combination of the basis techniques to new meshes from that domain. Given a polygonal mesh, the system applies different rendering techniques to different parts based on local features in order to enhance the overall appearance.
Regeneration in denervated toad (<i>bufo viridis</i>) gastrocnemius muscle and the promotion of the process by low energy laser irradiation (1995)

It is concluded that initial stages of regeneration can also take place in skeletal denervated and injured muscles of amphibians. The kinetics of the regeneration process are identical in denervated and innervated muscles. The process of regeneration in denervated muscles can be markedly enhanced if the muscle is irradiated by low energy laser prior to injury, probably by activation (stimulation of proliferation and/or differentiation) cells in the muscles that are "recruited" and participate in the process of regeneration.
Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of small RNA molecules in tumor therapy. (2016)

In principle, RNA interference (RNAi) allows for the inhibition of any oncogene of choice, thus leading to novel concepts in tumor therapy. For their delivery, the RNAi-inducing small RNA molecules (small interfering RNAs, siRNAs) can be formulated in various nanoparticle systems, prior to testing them in preclinical animal models. The same is true for miRNAs that have more recently been explored in therapeutic miRNA replacement strategies. This puts high demands on the properties of the nanoparticles. This review article discusses various nanoparticulate systems for RNA delivery in vivo and gives an overview of preclinical studies on siRNA- or miRNA-based tumor therapy.
Characterization of a Novel Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (dGalNAc-T3) from Drosophila (2004)

Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-transferases) catalyze the initial reaction of mucin-type O-glycosylation. Here, we report the first biochemical characterization of one of the Drosophila GalNAc-transferases, dGalNAc-T3. This enzyme retains conserved motifs essential for the catalytic activity, but is a novel isozyme in that it has several inserted sequences in its lectin-like domain. Northern hybridization analysis of this isozyme identified a 2.5-kb mRNA in Drosophila larva. Biochemical characterization was carried out using the recombinant soluble dGalNAc-T3 expressed in COS7 cells. dGalNAc-T3, which required Mn2+ for the activity, had a pH optimum ranging from pH 7.5 to 8.5, and glycosylated most effectively at 29—33 °C. Its Km for UDP-GalNAc was 10.7 μM, which is as low as that of mammalian isozymes. dGalNAc-T3 glycosylated the peptides containing a sequence of XTPXP or TTAAP most efficiently. The enzyme was irreversibly inhibited by p-chloromercuriphenylsulphonic acid, indicating the presence of essential Cys residues for the activity.
Pathogenesis of Shigella Diarrhea. XIV. Analysis of Shiga Toxin Receptors on Cloned BeLa Cells (1989)

Binding kinetics of Shiga toxin to HeLa CCL-2 cells and to cell lines cloned by limiting dilutions were determined. Lines with a wide range of sensitivity to Shiga toxin were obtained. Binding data, analyzed by a computer-based Scatchard model program, revealed two classes of binding sites, one of low affinity and high capacity and one of high affinity and low capacity. The number of high affinity, but not low affinity, sites present on the clones correlated with their sensitivity to toxin. Tunicamycin-treated CCL-2 cells became resistant to Shiga toxin in parallel with a reduction in the capacity of the high-affinity site. Cell content of Gb3, the glycolipid receptor for Shiga toxin, decreased as the sensitivity of the cells diminished. These data show that a minority of Shiga toxin binding sites of HeLa cells are involved in the cytotoxic response and suggest that Gb3 is the high-affinity functional cytotoxin receptor.
Fast Steerable Principal Component Analysis (2016)

Cryo-electron microscopy nowadays often requires the analysis of hundreds of thousands of 2-D images as large as a few hundred pixels in each direction. Here, we introduce an algorithm that efficiently and accurately performs principal component analysis (PCA) for a large set of 2-D images, and, for each image, the set of its uniform rotations in the plane and their reflections. For a dataset consisting of <i>n</i> images of size <i>L</i> × <i>L</i> pixels, the computational complexity of our algorithm is <i>O</i>(<i>nL</i><sup>3</sup> + <i>L</i><sup>4</sup>), while existing algorithms take <i>O</i>(<i>nL</i><sup>4</sup>). The new algorithm computes the expansion coefficients of the images in a Fourier-Bessel basis efficiently using the nonuniform fast Fourier transform. We compare the accuracy and efficiency of the new algorithm with traditional PCA and existing algorithms for steerable PCA.
Nucleotide Binding Site Communication in Arabidopsis thaliana Adenosine 5′-Phosphosulfate Kinase (2012)

Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate kinase (APSK) catalyzes the ATP-dependent synthesis of adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), which is an essential metabolite for sulfur assimilation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Using APSK from Arabidopsis thaliana, we examine the energetics of nucleotide binary and ternary complex formation and probe active site features that coordinate the order of ligand addition. Calorimetric analysis shows that binding can occur first at either nucleotide site, but that initial interaction at the ATP/ADP site was favored and enhanced affinity for APS in the second site by 50-fold. The thermodynamics of the two possible binding models (i.e. ATP first versus APS first) differs and implies that active site structural changes guide the order of nucleotide addition. The ligand binding analysis also supports an earlier suggestion of intermolecular interactions in the dimeric APSK structure. Crystallographic, site-directed mutagenesis, and energetic analyses of oxyanion recognition by the P-loop in the ATP/ADP binding site and the role of Asp(136), which bridges the ATP/ADP and APS/PAPS binding sites, suggest how the ordered nucleotide binding sequence and structural changes are dynamically coordinated for catalysis.
PERMEABILITY AND IMPERMEABILITY OF CELL MEMBRANES FOR IONS (1940)

The ion permeability of the plasma membrane has long been recognized as an important problem in cell function. A considerable portion of present day blood chemistry, for example, depends upon a membrane permeability to ions. On the other hand, many osmotic measurements of the membrane permeability to water and molecular solutes have been interpreted on the assumption of a negligible ion permeability.
Anti-ulcer effect in rats of bitter cardamon constituents. (1990)

The effects of bitter cardamon (the fruit of Alpinia oxphylla), used as a medicine and a condiment, on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats were examined. The acetone extract at 50 mg/kg, p.o. significantly inhibited gastric lesions by 57.0%. An analysis of the active constituents in the acetone extract was performed using column chromatography. Nootkatone at 20 mg/kg, p.o. significantly inhibited gastric lesion. These results suggest that nootkatone, the sesquiterpenoid is an important constituent in stomach medications containing bitter cardamon.
Respiratory Rate is a Valid and Reliable Marker for the Anaerobic Threshold: Implications for Measuring Change in Fitness. (2005)

The anaerobic threshold (AT) has been defined as the theoretical highest exercise level that can be maintained for prolonged periods. It is of practical importance to the competitive endurance athlete to measure progress and plan training programs. The primary objective of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of breakpoint in the respiratory rate (RR) during incremental exercise as a marker for the AT. Secondary objectives were 1) to assess the reliability of the ventilatory threshold (VE) and ventilatory equivalent (VE/VO2) breakpoint, and 2) to assess differences in these 3 methods for their potential to measure change in fitness, as measured by standard error of measurement (SEM), coefficient of variability (CV), and correlation coefficient (R). Fifteen competitive male cyclists (5 category II, 6 category III, 1 category IV, 3 category V United States Cycling Federation) completed 2 maximal oxygen consumption tests within one week on an electronically braked cycle ergometer. A repeated measures Analysis of Variance using 2x3 design (test and methods) resulted in no significant differences (F = 0.02, p = 0.978), indicating that 1)all 3 methods are reproducible, and 2) RR, when compared to VE and VE/VO2, is a valid method of assessing the anaerobic threshold. The lowest SEM, lowest CV and highest R were obtained with the VE method (SEM = 19.4 watts, CV = 6.7%, R = 0.872), compared to VE/VO2 (SEM = 21.5 watts, CV = 7.4%, R=.811) and RR (SEM = 35.3 watts, CV = 12.2%, R = 0.800). From the results of this study, it is concluded that the RR method is a valid and reliable method for detecting AT. However, due to the relatively high SEM and CV, and low R, when compared to VE and VE/VO2, its insensitivity to small changes seen in highly fit athletes would preclude its use in measuring changes in AT. It appears that either VE or VE/VO2 would be appropriate for measuring AT changes in highly fit athletes. Key PointsRespiratory rate is a valid and reliable marker of the anaerobic threshold.Due to a relatively high standard error of measurement and coefficient of variability for the respiratory rate method, use of ventilation (VE) and ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2 is preferred when assessing changes in anaerobic threshold.When assessing changes in maximal aerobic capacity, maximal watts has a lower standard error of measurement and coefficient of variability and is preferred over changes in maximal oxygen consumption.
Breakdown of Passivity of Nickel by Fluoride: II . Surface Analytical Studies (1984)

Passive layers on nickel and their change by the action of fluoride have been studied by surface analyses such as x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy ion scattering (ISS). The thickness of the layers is deduced from the height of the XPS signals , O1s, and F1s and their attenuation by covering layers. Argon sputtering gives information on the in‐depth structure of the passivating films in combination with XPS and the higher depth resolution of ISS. Their thickness and chemical composition change with the electrode potential and the time of exposure to . A multilayer structure is found with an inner oxide and outer hydroxide film and, in a higher potential range, a fluoride layer in between. The layer structure shows a close correspondence to the results of the electrochemical examination.
A 36ns 1Mbit Pseudo SRAM with VSRAM mode (1987)

This paper describes a fast 128K × 8bit Pseudo Static RAM (PSRAM) using new circuit technologies, that is, a tunable delay design tactics, a current-mirror timer, and an optimized arbiter, all of which are applicable to general VLSI circuit design.
A direct computation of DCT coefficients for a signal block taken from two adjacent blocks (1991)

A direct computational algorithm for obtaining the DCT (discrete cosine transform) coefficients of a signal block taken from two adjacent blocks is proposed. This algorithm reduces the number of both multiplications and additions/subtractions compared to the traditional method, which requires inverse transforms of two received coefficient blocks followed by a forward transform. The proposed algorithm is efficient and useful for speech coding and image processing, especially for real-time applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A parallel algorithm for fingerprint matching (2003)

A parallel algorithm for fingerprint matching is presented. The algorithm is implemented on a systolic array processor. Improvement in the speed of the matching process relative to a sequential algorithm is found to be significant.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Performance Analysis of User Selected Subband Channel Quality Indicator Feedback Scheme of LTE (2010)

Frequency-domain scheduling and rate adaptation have helped next generation orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based wireless cellular systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) achieve significantly higher spectral efficiencies. To overcome the severe uplink feedback bandwidth constraints, LTE uses several techniques to reduce the feedback required by a frequency-domain scheduler about the channel state information of all subcarriers of all users. In this paper, we analyze the throughput achieved by the User Selected Subband feedback scheme of LTE. In it, a user feeds back only the indices of the best M subbands and a single 4-bit estimate of the average rate achievable over all selected M subbands. In addition, we compare the performance with the subband-level feedback scheme of LTE, and highlight the role of the scheduler by comparing the performances of the unfair greedy scheduler and the proportional fair (PF) scheduler. Our analysis sheds several insights into the working of the feedback reduction techniques used in LTE.
Three-Phase Relative Permeability of Water-Wet, Oil-Wet, and Mixed-Wet Sandpacks (2000)

Summary We study three-phase flow in water-wet, oil-wet, mixed-wet, and fractionally wet sandpacks. We make the mixed-wet pack by invading a water-filled water-wet pack with crude oil and aging it for a week. This process mimics wettability changes in reservoir settings, leading to a realistic arrangement of wettability at the pore scale. We characterize the wettability of each sand pack by measuring the capillary pressure curves. We obtain the oil and water relative permeabilites during three-phase gravity drainage, by measuring the saturation in situ using computerized tomography scanning. In an analog experiment, we measure pressure gradients in the gas phase to obtain the gas relative permeability. Thus we determine all three relative permeabilities as a function of saturation for each wettability. We find that under uniform wetting, the relative permeabilities of the most-wetting phase (water in a water-wet pack, oil in an oil-wet pack) are similar. However, the relative permeabilities of the intermediate-wet phase (oil in a water-wet pack, water in a oil-wet pack) are very different at low saturations, with spreading oils showing a characteristic layer drainage regime. The mixed-wet pack also shows the layer drainage regime. We also find that the gas relative permeability is smaller in an oil-wet medium than in a water-wet medium. We explain the observations in terms of wetting, spreading, and the pore scale configurations of fluid.
A Survey of Specularity Removal Methods (2011)

Abstract The separation of reflection components is an important issue in computer graphics, computer vision and image processing. It provides useful information for the applications that need consistent object surface appearance, such as stereo reconstruction, visual recognition, tracking, objects re‐illumination and dichromatic editing. In this paper we will present a brief survey of recent advances in separation of reflection components, also known as specularity (highlights) removal. Several techniques that try to tackle the problem from different points of view have been proposed so far. In this survey, we will overview these methods and we will present a critical analysis of their benefits and drawbacks.
A Clinical Pharmacological Study of Nifedipine and Lisinopril Alone and in Combination (1987)

A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, latin square design study of nifedipine, 20 mg, and lisinopril, 20 mg, alone and in combination was performed in 12 healthy male volunteers. Blood pressure, heart rate, lisinopril and nifedipine levels, plasma catecholamines, renin, aldosterone, and angiotensin converting enzyme activity were measured for 96 h after each acute dose. Both drugs lowered blood pressure (p less than 0.001), but the combination showed only additive effects. Heart rate rose over the first 4 h following the combination. Side effects were also additive. There was no effect of nifedipine on plasma ACE, renin, or aldosterone and no effect of either drug on plasma catecholamines. The pharmacokinetics of both drugs were unaltered in combination. Thus, nifedipine and lisinopril have additive dynamic effects with no pharmacokinetic interaction.
Quantification of Bias Related to the Extraction of DNA Directly from Soils (1999)

In recent years, several protocols based on the extraction of nucleic acids directly from the soil matrix after lysis treatment have been developed for the detection of microorganisms in soil. Extraction efficiency has often been evaluated based on the recovery of a specific gene sequence from an organism inoculated into the soil. The aim of the present investigation was to improve the extraction, purification, and quantification of DNA derived from as large a portion of the soil microbial community as possible, with special emphasis placed on obtaining DNA from gram-positive bacteria, which form structures that are difficult to disrupt. Furthermore, we wanted to identify and minimize the biases related to each step in the procedure. Six soils, covering a range of pHs, clay contents, and organic matter contents, were studied. Lysis was carried out by soil grinding, sonication, thermal shocks, and chemical treatments. DNA was extracted from the indigenous microflora as well as from inoculated bacterial cells, spores, and hyphae, and the quality and quantity of the DNA were determined by gel electrophoresis and dot blot hybridization. Lysis efficiency was also estimated by microscopy and viable cell counts. Grinding increased the extracellular DNA yield compared with the yield obtained without any lysis treatment, but none of the subsequent treatments clearly increased the DNA yield. Phage lambda DNA was inoculated into the soils to mimic the fate of extracellular DNA. No more than 6% of this DNA could be recovered from the different soils. The clay content strongly influenced the recovery of DNA. The adsorption of DNA to clay particles decreased when the soil was pretreated with RNA in order to saturate the adsorption sites. We also investigated different purification techniques and optimized the PCR methods in order to develop a protocol based on hybridization of the PCR products and quantification by phosphorimaging.
Chlorotrifluoroethylene Polymers (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChlorotrifluoroethylene PolymersW. H. Reysen and J. D. GibsonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 12, 2468–2471Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50492a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50492a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Solvothermal synthesis of boron-doped graphene and nitrogen-doped graphene and their electrical properties (2013)

In this work, pristine graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene and boron-doped graphene were synthesized by a facile solvothermal process using potassium or lithium nitride as catalyst. The formation mechanism of graphene and doped graphene was discussed, and the chlorine gas generated during the reaction performed a significant role. High yield of graphene and doped graphene can be produced via the solvothermal route with relatively mild conditions, and X-ray photoelectron energy spectroscopy analysis confirmed the doping status and concentration of nitrogen or boron within graphene sheets. Especially, electrical properties of graphene-based field effect transistors revealed that the introduction of nitrogen or boron atoms into graphene sheets can effectively tailor electrical property of graphene from conducting characteristics to semiconducting behaviors.
Fluorescent Pyrimidopyrimidoindole Nucleosides:  Control of Photophysical Characterizations by Substituent Effects (2007)

10-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrimido[4',5':4,5]pyrimido[1,6-a]indole-6,9(7H)-dione (dCPPI) and its derivatives were synthesized via the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of 5-iododeoxycytidine with 5-substituted N-Boc-indole-2-borates and characterized by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The new fluorescent nucleosides showed rather large Stokes shifts (116-139 nm) in an aqueous buffer. The fluorescent intensities were dependent on the nature of the substituents on the indole rings. The electron-withdrawing groups increased the fluorescent intensity while the electron-donating groups having lone pairs decreased it. Among the substituted dCPPI derivatives tested, the trimethylammonium derivative of dCPPI was found to emit the brightest fluorescent light. The solvatochromism of dCPPI and its derivatives was also studied. Some of the dCPPI derivatives showed interesting solvent-dependent fluorescence enhancement and could be useful as new fluorescent structural probes for nucleic acids. The Lippert-Mataga analyses of the Stokes shift were also carried out to obtain estimated values of the dipole moment of the excited states of some of the derivatives.
Analysis, Segmentation and Prediction of Knee Cartilage using Statistical Shape Models (2013)

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been