gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Batch tracking via nonlinear principal component analysis (1996)

Abstract Batch processes are very important to the chemical and manufacturing industries. Techniques for monitoring these batch processes to ensure their safe operation and to produce consistently high‐quality products are needed. Nomikos and MacGregor (1994) presented a multiway principal component analysis (MPCA) approach for monitoring batch processes, and test results show that the method is simple, powerful, and effective. MPCA, however, is a linear method, and most batch processes are nonlinear. Although data treatment techniques can remove some nonlinearity from the data, nonlinearity is still a problem when using MPCA for monitoring. In this article a nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA) method (Dong and McAvoy, 1993) is used for batch process monitoring. Results show that this method is excellent for this problem. Another interesting extension of this approach involves multistage batch process monitoring, which is illustrated through a detailed simulation study.
Syntheses of<i>dl</i>-N-Demethylvariotinyl 2-Pyrrolidonide (<i>dl</i>-Demethylvariotin), 2-Piperidonide, and<sub><i>ε</i></sub>-Caprolactamide (1973)

Journal Article Syntheses of dl-N-Demethylvariotinyl 2-Pyrrolidonide (dl-Demethylvariotin), 2-Piperidonide, and ε -Caprolactamide Get access Masayuki Sakakibara, Masayuki Sakakibara Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masanao Matsui Masanao Matsui Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 37, Issue 5, 1 May 1973, Pages 1131–1137, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1973.10860786 Published: 01 May 1973 Article history Received: 16 November 1972 Published: 01 May 1973
Adaptive NC Simulation for Multi-axis Solid Machining (2005)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
Influence of <scp>l</scp>-Cysteine on the Formation of Bitter-Tasting Aminohexose Reductones from Glucose and <scp>l</scp>-Proline:  Identification of a Novel Furo[2,3-<i>b</i>]thiazine (1999)

Thermal treatment of a 1 + 1 mixture of glucose and l-proline led to the development of an intense bitter taste being reflected in high amounts of the bitter-tasting bispyrrolidino- (1) and pyrrolidinohexose reductones (2) formed. Heating the reaction mixture in the presence of l-cysteine drastically reduced the amounts of these aminohexose reductones and, thereby, the intensity of the bitter taste. Studies on the mechanism of the cysteine-induced reduction of the bitter taste revealed that the precursor of the aminohexose reductones, the hexose-derived acetylformoin (3), reacted more easily with l-cysteine to form the 7-hydroxy-4a,6-dimethyl-2H,3H,4aH-furo[2,3-b]thiazine (4), a previousely unknown Maillard reaction product, than with l-proline to the aminohexose reductones 1 and 2, thereby blocking the formation of bitter-tasting compounds. Keywords: Acetylformoin; pyrrolidinohexose reductone; bispyrrolidinohexose reductone; 7-hydroxy-4a,6-dimethyl-2H,3H,4aH-furo[2,3-b]thiazine; Maillard reaction; bitter taste; taste dilution analysis
The Synthesis of Hexahydrofluorenone Derivatives (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Hexahydrofluorenone DerivativesHerbert O. House, Vasken Paragamian, Rolland S. Ro, and David J. WlukaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 6, 1457–1462Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01491a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01491a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views447Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Beneficial effect of the oxygen free radical scavenger amifostine (WR-2721) on spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits (2009)

By direct and indirect methods of measuring the oxidative stress of spinal cord after ischemia/reperfusion, it is suggested that intra-aortic Amifostine infusion during spinal cord ischemia phase, significantly attenuated the spinal cord oxidative injury in rabbits.
Light-weight trust-based routing protocol for mobile <i>ad hoc</i> networks (2012)

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) were originally designed for a cooperative environment. To use them in hostile environments, trust-based routing can be used, where instead of establishing the shortest routes as done in traditional routing protocols, most trusted routes are established. In this study, the authors present a light-weight trust-based routing protocol. It is light-weight in the sense that the intrusion detection system (IDS) used for estimating the trust that one node has for another, consumes limited computational resource. Moreover, it uses only local information thereby ensuring scalability. Our light-weight IDS takes care of two kinds of attacks, namely, the blackhole attack and the grey hole attack. Whereas our proposed approach can be incorporated in any routing protocol, the authors have used AODV as the base routing protocol to evaluate our proposed approach and give a performance analysis.
Functional polymorphisms of the human multidrug-resistance gene: Multiple sequence variations and correlation of one allele with P-glycoprotein expression and activity <i>in</i> <i>vivo</i> (2000)

To evaluate whether alterations in the multidrug-resistance (MDR)-1 gene correlate with intestinal MDR-1 expression and uptake of orally administered P-glycoprotein (PGP) substrates, we analyzed the MDR-1 sequence in 21 volunteers whose PGP expression and function in the duodenum had been determined by Western blots and quantitative immunohistology (n = 21) or by plasma concentrations after orally administered digoxin (n = 8 + 14). We observed a significant correlation of a polymorphism in exon 26 (C3435T) of MDR-1 with expression levels and function of MDR-1. Individuals homozygous for this polymorphism had significantly lower duodenal MDR-1 expression and the highest digoxin plasma levels. Homozygosity for this variant was observed in 24% of our sample population (n = 188). This polymorphism is expected to affect the absorption and tissue concentrations of numerous other substrates of MDR-1.
The Indicator Diagram Collection Based on the Beam Pumping Unit Motor Effective Power Measurement (2013)

Abstract Conventional beam pumping unit is the most popular lifting equipment at well site, especially in mechanical oil production. To identify its operation, the indicator diagram is an effective tool. Therefore, study on indicator diagram measuring methods has been made as a key subject in major oilfields in China. Currently, force sensors and displacement sensors are commonly used to measure the polished rod load and displacement, so as to generate the indicator diagram. The force sensor is always exposed to the compression and tension of alternating loads, which will damage its elastic coefficient, finally leading to less-precision or even invalid measurements. Besides, this application may bring challenges in installation of devices, work life of the sensors, maintenance and operating cost, which will affect the analysis of well conditions. In summary, the technique cannot satisfy the current requirement of digitalized well management. In view of above issues, this paper proposes a new measurement method. The useful motor power of the beam pumping unit is acquired in real-time manner, and based upon the law of conservation of energy, the motion pattern of the unit is analyzed, to establish a mathematical model containing useful motor power, polished rod load and polished rod displacement. The model can figure out the relationship between beam pumping unit output power and load. Then, in line with field physical calibration, the indicator diagram is measured. This method doesn't require complex installations on the site. Instead, only electric parameters for input and useful power, apparent power and power factor are acquired to determine the actual polished rod load, according to the correlation between power of the unit and load. Finally, the indicator diagram of the pumping unit is measured indirectly. This method can greatly contribute to the site installation efficiency, work lift of measuring devices and measurement accuracy. This method has been tested in 20 pumping wells. It is found that the equivalent indicator diagram illustrates accordant tendency with the measured indicator diagram; average relative error of area is less than 8%, and average relative errors of maximum and minimum loads after calibration are not greater than 10%. These suggest that the equivalent indicator diagram reconcile with the measured one, and can be used in real time monitoring of pumping well conditions by using useful motor power data. This technology has been effectively applied in an oilfield domestically.
Ranolazine Improves Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction Through Modulation of Myofilament Calcium Sensitivity (2012)

Diastolic dysfunction could be reversed by ranolazine, probably resulting from a direct effect on myofilaments, indicating that cardiac oxidative stress may mediate diastolic dysfunction through altering the contractile apparatus.
Homelessness or homefulness (2004)

Homelessness is a long-standing issue of global extent and the vision of its complete eradication, while tantalising, is most likely an illusion.
Cadmium Increases GLUT1 Substrate Binding Affinity <i>in Vitro</i> While Reducing Its Cytochalasin B Binding Affinity (1996)

Cadmium stimulates glucose transport in fibroblasts, apparently by increasing the intrinsic activity of GLUT1 [Harrison, S.A., Buxton, J.M., Clancy, B.M., & Czech, M.P. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 19438-19449]. In the present study, we examined whether cadmium affects the binding in vitro of purified GLUT1 to glucose and cytochalasin B. Cadmium inhibited cytochalasin B binding to GLUT1 competitively by reducing its binding affinity with an apparent inhibition constant of approximately 0.2 mM. However, D-glucose displaced cytochalasin B bound to GLUT1 as effectively in the presence of cadmium as in its absence, and detailed analysis of this displacement revealed that cadmium in fact increases the substrate binding affinity significantly. These findings suggest that cadmium induces a specific conformational change in GLUT1 that interferes with cytochalasin B binding but enhances substrate binding. This is the first clear demonstration in which the substrate and cytochalasin B binding activities of GLUT1 are differentially affected, which may offer insight into the workings of the glucose transporter.
New Results Concerning Monaural Phase Sensitivity (1959)

A variety of subjective effects due to the phase spectra of complex stimuli have been observed. The stimuli were periodic wave forms of constant amplitude spectrum containing up to 31 coherent harmonics. Among the more striking effects are the following: Strong dependence of the “timbre” on the “peak factor” of the stimulus. Weaker, but still audible, effects occur for phase changes which lead to identical peak factors. Small or no subjective changes are produced by variations of the phase spectrum which leave the “envelope” of the stimulus invariant. Other manipulations of the phases produce distinct tones which permit one to play simple melodies by varying only the relative phases. The results of formal measurements of phase difference limen for periodic stimuli will also be presented.
Polyisobutylene Modified Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether Based Epoxy Resins Possessing Improved Mechanical Properties (2011)

Epoxy telechelic polyisobutylenes (EP-PIB-EP), potentially useful to obtain flexible epoxies, were synthesized by reacting bromoallyl end-functional PIB with glycidol in the presence of NaH. The epoxy end-capped macromonomers were mixed with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and triethylenetetramine as curing agent and cured at elevated temperature. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) indicated nanophase segregation of rubbery domains at EP-PIB-EP ≤ 15 wt %, and the fracture toughness increased by 100% relative to the unmodified epoxy network, while the tensile and flexural strengths remained adequate. However, at EP-PIB-EP ≥ 20 wt % macrophase separation resulted in a drastic reduction in toughness along with other mechanical properties. Use of oligo(tetramethylene oxide) modified epoxy telechelic PIB (EP-oTHF-PIB-oTHF-EP) as soft segment significantly improved the miscibility, and cured materials with excellent fracture toughness were obtained even at 40 wt % rubber content. Thermal stability of the amine cured epoxy resin was not affected by the incorporation of PIB. These flexible networks possess superior mechanical properties compared to poly(ethylene glycol)/DGEBA networks commercialized by Dow Chemical Company.
Structural Analysis of Cross-linking Domains in Cartilage Type XI Collagen (1995)

The collagen framework of hyaline cartilage is based on copolymers of types II, IX, and XI collagens. Previous studies have established specific covalent interactions between types II and IX collagens. The present study examined cross-linking sites in type XI collagen to define better the full heteropolymeric assembly. Pepsinsolubilized type XI collagen was purified from fetal bovine cartilage. The cross-linking amino acids in the preparation were primarily divalent, borohydride-reducible structures; pyridinoline residues were essentially absent. Individual alpha 1(XI), alpha 2(XI), and alpha 3(XI) chains were resolved by high performance liquid chromatography. Telopeptides still attached by cross-links to helical sites were released by periodate oxidation and identified by microsequencing. Analysis of cross-linked peptides isolated from trypsin digest of each alpha-chain identified the attachment helical sites for the telopeptides. A high degree of interchain specificity was evident in the cross-linking between N-telopeptides and the COOH terminus of the triple-helix, consistent with a head-to-tail interaction of molecules staggered by 4D (D = 67 nm) periods. In addition, alpha 1(II) C-telopeptide was linked to the amino-terminal site of the alpha 1(XI) triple helix. In summary, the results show that type XI collagen molecules are primarily cross-linked to each other in cartilage, implying that a homopolymer is initially formed. Links to type II collagen are also indicated, consistent with an eventual cofibrillar assembly. Analysis of cartilage extracts showed that all three chains, alpha 1(XI), alpha 2(XI), and alpha 3(XI), had at least in part retained their N-propeptides in cartilage matrix and that the alpha 3 (XI) chain was the IIB splicing variant product of the COL2A1 gene. Of particular note was the finding that the N-telopeptide cross-linking site in both alpha 1(XI) and alpha 2(XI) is located amino-terminal to the putative N-propeptidase cleavage site. This structural feature provides a potential mechanism for the proteolytic depolymerization of type XI collagen by proteases that can cleave between the cross-link and the triple helix (e.g. stromelysin).
Quantitative-Structure Activity Relationships on Lipoxygenase Inhibitors # (2002)

Motivation. The control of leukotrienes biosynthesis through the inhibition of the enzyme 5–lipoxygenase represents a potential new method of treating several diseases. Several quinonoid derivatives inhibiting 5– lipoxygenase were collected from the literature. For them a quantitative structure–activity relationship study was performed in order to provide a simple description of the physicochemical parameters which are involved in the lipoxygenase–quinones site of action. Method. The analysis was done by using the C–QSAR suite of programs (Biobyte). Results. The evaluation of the quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSAR) revealed that the primary physicochemical feature influencing the in vitro LOX inhibitory potencies of these compounds is the hydrophobicity of the molecule. A significant correlation was observed between the CMR of the studied molecules and the in vitro inhibitory activity. The QSAR study also demonstrated that the inhibitory activity is lowered by the presence of a carboxylic or a phenyl group.
High-contrast dark resonance in σ<sub>+</sub> - σ<sub>-</sub> optical field (2004)

The amplitude of Λ resonance in alkali atoms is limited by perturbing cycling transitions in the case of D2 line or by existence of additional trapping states in the case of D1 line. We propose to eliminate these extra trapping states by using two counter-propagating bichromatic fields of orthogonal circular polarizations. The experiment is in accordance with the theoretical proposal. The result refers to small-size cells and is important for applications in miniaturized atomic clocks.
Stimulated emission from relativistic electrons passing through a spatially periodic longitudinal magnetic field (1982)

Stimulated emission in the high-gain regime from a cold, relativistic beam of electrons gyrating in a combined solenoidal and longitudinally polarized periodic wiggler magnetic field is considered as a source of short-wavelength radiation. The emitted wave frequency is Doppler upshifted in proportion to the wave number of the wiggler magnetic field. Amplification is due to a ponderomotive bunching force acting on the electrons in either the transverse or axial directions. Expressions for the linear growth rate are obtained; conditions for their validity and estimates for the saturated efficiency are given.
APPLICATION OF SUPER WORKABLE CONCRETE TO EACH COLUMN AT SECTIONS WITH HIGH-DENSITY BAR ARRANGEMENT (2001)

Each column of the information hall is cross-shaped and prestressed concrete with approximate three-degree slope and notches at four corners. The inner parts of columns are made of PC steel wire, PC steel rod and high-density bar arrangement. This time, we used super workable concrete for construction of each column and got the satisfactory finish results for the designer.
Association of Antioxidant Systems in the Protection of Human Fibroblasts Against Oxygen Derived Free Radicals (1991)

The protection of human diploid fibroblasts against high oxygen tension was investigated using various combinations of the three major antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. alpha-Tocopherol, a well-known hydrophobic antioxidant, was also tested in combination with the different enzymes. Microinjection of solutions containing different combinations of the three enzymes was compared with the injection of each single enzyme. We observed that the protections given by catalase or superoxide dismutase on the one hand, and by glutathione peroxidase on the other hand, were additive. Surprisingly, the combinations of catalase and superoxide dismutase were less effective than catalase alone and was even toxic at low SOD concentrations. Addition of alpha-tocopherol following the injection of any of the three enzymes was highly beneficial, but the strongest synergistic effect was obtained with glutathione peroxidase. These results stress the importance of membrane protection by alpha-tocopherol and indirectly by glutathione peroxidase. They also showed that any injection leading to the decrease in the O2.- or H2O2 concentration combined with one of these two protectors is very beneficial for the cells probably by decreasing the OH concentration. This is also proven by the very good protective effect obtained with desferrioxamine.
Clustering and feature selection via PSO algorithm (2011)

Clustering is one of the popular techniques for data analysis. In this paper, we proposed a new method for the simultaneously clustering and feature selection through the use of the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (PSO). Since different features may have different important in various contexts; some features may be irrelevant and some of them may be misleading in clustering. Therefore, we weighted features and by using a threshold value which is automatically produced by the algorithm itself; then some of features with low weight is omitted. Evolutionary algorithms are the most famous technique for clustering. There are two main problems with clustering algorithms based on evolutionary algorithms. First, they are slow; second, they are dependent on the shape of the cluster and mostly work well with a specific dataset. To solve the first problem and increased the speed of the algorithm, we use two local searches to improve cluster centers and to estimate the threshold value. To handle the second problem, we evaluate the clustering by combine the two validation criterion methods of a new proposed KMPBM validation criterion and Conn validation criterion as a multi-objective fitness function. These two validation criterion because based on compactness and connectedness criterion can work independent of the shape of clusters. Experimental on the three Synthetics datasets and three real datasets shows that our proposed algorithm performs clustering independently for the shape of clusters and it can have good accuracy on dataset with any shape.
Hypermethylation of the <i>TSLC1/IGSF4</i> promoter is associated with tobacco smoking and a poor prognosis in primary nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (2006)

TSLC1/IGSF4 methylation is associated with tobacco smoking and could be an indicator of poor prognosis.
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for liver fibrosis (2015)

Currently, the most effective treatment for end-stage liver fibrosis is liver transplantation; however, transplantation is limited by a shortage of donor organs, surgical complications, immunological rejection, and high medical costs. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been suggested as an effective alternate approach for the treatment of hepatic diseases. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into hepatocytes, and therapeutic value exists in their immune-modulatory properties and secretion of trophic factors, such as growth factors and cytokines. In addition, MSCs can suppress inflammatory responses, reduce hepatocyte apoptosis, increase hepatocyte regeneration, regress liver fibrosis and enhance liver functionality. Despite these advantages, issues remain; MSCs also have fibrogenic potential and the capacity to promote tumor cell growth and oncogenicity. This paper summarizes the properties of MSCs for regenerative medicine and their therapeutic mechanisms and clinical application in the treatment of liver fibrosis. We also present several outstanding risks, including their fibrogenic potential and their capacity to promote pre-existing tumor cell growth and oncogenicity.