gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence from process parameters on void formation in resin transfer molding (1994)

Abstract The influence of different process variables on the void content in resin transfer modling (RTM) has been investigated experimentally. The moldings were made in a flat mold filled by a parallel flow from one edge of the laminate to the other. The viods were found concentrated in a narrow region close to the ventilation side of the laminate. The void volume fraction in this region was almost constant and dropped over a short distance to basically no voids in the rest of the laminate. Micrographs from cross sections in different directions revealed that the voids were of two different types, long cylinderical bubbles inside the fiber bundles. An efficient way of reducing the void content was to use vacuum assistance during mold filling. This technique was benefical both for the magnitude of the void content and for the extent of the void region. The void content with the highest level of vacuum assistance (≈︁ 1 kPa absolute pressure), was practically negligible. Strong indications for void generation by mechanical entrapment at the flow front was found. The lowering of the void content with vacuum assistance can be interpreted as aresult of compression of voids when the vacuum is released and a higher mobility of voids created at a lower pressure.
METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF THE RELATIVE VISCOSITY OF ENAMEL GLASSES <sup>1</sup> (1932)

ABSTRACT A method has been developed by which the flow characteristics of vitreous enamel glasses may be conveniently studied. The apparatus and method are described. Typical results are illustrated both by photographs and by a chart based on planimeter measurements of area of flow.
Die Erzeugung dünner Schichten. Das PECVD‐Verfahren: Gasphasenabscheidung in einem Plasma (1991)

Abstract Dünne Schichten für Komponenten der modernen Mikroelektronik entstehen oft nach einem Verfahren, das als „Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition”︁ (abgekürzt: PECVD) bezeichnet wird. Amorphe Solarzellen, Mikroprozessoren und Informationsspeicher sind ohne diese Methode, die physikalische Bearbeitungstechniken und chemische Reaktionsführung kombiniert, nicht vorstellbar.
Pharmacognostic Studies on Methanolic Extract of the Aerial Part of Leucas zeylanica(L.) (2012)

The aerial part of Leucas zeylanica (L.) Benn (Fam. Lamiaceae) was studied to fix the parameters for pharmacognostical standards. The results of organoleptic study offer a scientific basis for the use of Leucas zeylanica which possess characters like deep green colour, characteristic odor and mucilaginous and slightly bitter taste. The fluorescence analysis under visible light and under UV light by treatment with different chemical reagents showed different colour changes. The presence of alkaloids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids and glycosides were confirmed during preliminary phytochemical screening.
Mass Spectrometric Method for Analyzing Metabolites in Yeast with Single Cell Sensitivity (2008)

Getting a look-in: An optimized MALDI-MS procedure has been developed to detect endogenous primary metabolites directly in the cell extract. A detection limit corresponding to metabolites from less than a single cell has been attained, opening the door to single-cell metabolomics by mass spectrometry.
Distinct Cytochrome P450 Aromatase Isoforms in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Brain and Ovary Are Differentially Programmed and Estrogen Regulated during Early Development**This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (IBN-96-05053) and the NIH (P42 ES-07381). The nucleotide sequences reported in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank/EMBL Data Bank with accession numbers AF226619 and AF226620. (2001)

As a first step toward understanding estrogen's role in neurodevelopment, a PCR cloning strategy was used to isolate complementary DNAs encoding two distinct cytochrome P450 aromatase isoforms in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain and ovary (termed P450aromB and P450aromA, respectively). Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that the zebrafish P450arom forms are orthologs of previously identified cyp19b and cyp19a genes in goldfish. On Northern blots, a single 4.4-kb transcript of the P450aromB subtype was identified in brain, and a 2.1-kb transcript of the P450aromA subtype in ovary, but RT-PCR showed a degree of overlapping expression. Both messenger RNA (mRNA) forms were detected in unfertilized eggs and 1.5 hpf (cleavage stage) embryos but declined by 12 hpf, indicating maternal transfer. A secondary rise in mRNAs between 12-24 hpf indicated the onset of embryonic cyp19b and -a transcription. Both mRNA species accumulated progressively to 120 hpf (early larval stage), but the relative magnitude and pattern of change was isoform specific. Estradiol (E(2,) 1 microM) advanced and amplified the developmentally programmed accumulation of P450aromB mRNA, and ICI164.384 decreased expressed levels, implying blockade of an endogenous estrogen mediated regulatory component. Conversely, E(2) had no effect or decreased P450aromA mRNA. The early embryonic expression of P450aromB and P450aromA isoforms, and differences in developmental programming and estrogen regulation, imply independent regulatory mechanisms and unique functions during major morphogenetic and differentiative events.
Using spatio-temporal interest points (STIP) for myoclonic jerk detection in nocturnal video (2012)

In this study we introduce a method for detecting myoclonic jerks during the night with video. Using video instead of the traditional method of using EEG-electrodes, permits patients to sleep without any attached sensors. This improves the comfort during sleep and it makes long term home monitoring possible. The algorithm for the detection of the seizures is based on spatio-temporal interest points (STIPs), proposed by Ivan Laptev, which is the state-of-the-art in action recognition.We applied this algorithm on a group of patients suffering from myoclonic jerks. With an optimal parameter setting this resulted in a sensitivity of over 75% and a PPV of over 85%, on the patients' combined data.
TrkA receptor ectodomain cleavage generates a tyrosine-phosphorylated cell-associated fragment. (1996)

The extracellular domain of several membrane-anchored proteins can be released as a soluble fragment by the action of a cell surface endoproteolytic system. This cleavage results in the generation of a soluble and a cell-bound fragment. In the case of proteins with signaling capability, such as tyrosine kinase receptors, the cleavage process may have an effect on the kinase activity of the cell-bound receptor fragment. By using several cell lines that express the TrkA neurotrophin receptor, we show that this receptor tyrosine kinase is cleaved by a proteolytic system that mimics the one that acts at the cell surface. TrkA cleavage is regulated by protein kinase C and several receptor agonists (including the TrkA ligand NGF), occurs at the ectodomain in a membrane-proximal region, and is independent of lysosomal function. TrkA cleavage results in the generation of a cell-associated fragment that is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Tyrosine phosphorylation of this fragment is not detected in TrkA mutants devoid of kinase activity, suggesting that phosphorylation requires an intact TrkA kinase domain, and is not due to activation of an intermediate intracellular tyrosine kinase. The increased phosphotyrosine content of the cell-bound fragment may thus reflect higher catalytic activity of the truncated fragment. We postulate that cleavage of receptor tyrosine kinases by this naturally occurring cellular mechanism may represent an additional mean for the regulation of receptor activity.
Induction of an inhibitor of interferon action in a mouse lymphokine preparation (1979)

An inhibitor of interferon action was identified in mouse lymphokine preparations. The inhibito was first detected in the supernatant fluid of mouse spleen cells at 72 h after stimulation by staphylococcal enterotoxin A. Inhibitor was not detected in supernatant fluids from unstimulated cultures. This inhibitor blocks the antiviral activity of both immune and fibroblast interferons. The inhibitor was purified 1,000-fold by two-step column chromatography. The partially purified inhibitor blocked the antiviral activity of up to 400 U of interferon. The immunosuppressive effect of interferon was also blocked by the inhibitor, suggesting that the inhibitor may modulate the immunoregulatory function of interferon.
Near-Field Recording with a Solid Immersion Lens on Polymer Cover-Layer Protected Discs (2005)

As a next step in near - field optical recording with a solid immersion lens in a conventional actuator, first results are presented for read - out of discs with a few μm protective polymer cover - layer and a lens with NA = 1.45.
Rap1A-Deficient T and B Cells Show Impaired Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion (2005)

Studies in tissue culture cells have demonstrated a role for the Ras-like GTPase Rap1 in the regulation of integrin-mediated cell-matrix and cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts. To analyze the function of Rap1 in vivo, we have disrupted the Rap1A gene by homologous recombination. Mice homozygous for the deletion allele are viable and fertile. However, primary hematopoietic cells isolated from spleen or thymus have a diminished adhesive capacity on ICAM and fibronectin substrates. In addition, polarization of T cells from Rap1-/- cells after CD3 stimulation was impaired compared to that of wild-type cells. Despite this, these defects did not result in hematopoietic or cell homing abnormalities. Although it is possible that the relatively mild phenotype is a consequence of functional complementation by the Rap1B gene, our genetic studies confirm a role for Rap1A in the regulation of integrins.
Joint operation of the superconducting fault current limiter and magnetic energy storage system in an electric power network (2010)

An opportunity of using superconductors as active elements of electric power systems designed to control the electric power distribution, to enhance the systems operating modes and to limit fault currents, was very attractive for investigators for a long time. In this paper, is considered an opportunity to enhance the electric power systems with the aid of superconducting magnetic energy storage systems (SMES) and superconducting fault current limiters (SFCL) operating together. It has been shown that the joint operation of both these superconducting devices allows additional varying of their parameters, what in turn gives a further opportunity to reduce their mass and dimensions and consequently the costs. There had been also shown an additional advantage of the SMES and SFCL joint operation consisting in that they ensure a more effective protection for a power system, preventing its uncontrolled load-off and subsequent acceleration up to the inaccessible rotation speed.
Anthralin stick (Anthraderm) in the treatment of mosaic warts (1986)

Thirty patients having mosaic warts of the soles for 2 years (range 3 months-6 years) were treated daily with a wax-based anthralin stick supplemented by weekly paring. Six patients dropped out, because they failed to appear for follow-up. Of the remaining patients 17/24 cleared, whereas the warts persisted in 7/24. Although the trial was an open study, this result can hardly be explained by placebo effect since mosaic warts are notoriously resistant to treatment.
Use of a PNA Probe to Block DNA-Mediated PCR Product Formation in Prokaryotic RT-PCR (2007)

A novel method eliminating DNA-mediated PCR product formation in reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) amplification of specific RNA sequences is described. The method exploits the higher melting temperature values of peptide nucleic acid (PNA)/DNA duplexes compared with DNA/DNA duplexes by binding a sequence-specific PNA probe to a genomic sequence immediately overlapping one of the PCR-primer attachment sites within the sequence of interest. Hybridization of the blocking probe precludes primer attachment to DNA without affecting attachment of the same primer to the reverse transcription-generated cDNA sequence. A four-step PCR cycle is used that allows the PNA probe to hybridize to the DNA strand at a higher temperature just prior to the primer annealing step.
PEMO-Q—A New Method for Objective Audio Quality Assessment Using a Model of Auditory Perception (2006)

A new method for the objective assessment and prediction of perceived audio quality is introduced. It represents an expansion of the speech quality measure q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</sub> , introduced by Hansen and Kollmeier, and is based on a psychoacoustically validated, quantitative model of the "effective" peripheral auditory processing by Dau et al. To evaluate the audio quality of a given distorted signal relative to a corresponding high-quality reference signal, the auditory model is employed to compute "internal representations" of the signals, which are partly assimilated in order to account for assumed cognitive aspects. The linear cross correlation coefficient of the assimilated internal representations represents the perceptual similarity measure (PSM). PSM shows good correlations with subjective quality ratings if different types of audio signals are considered separately, whereas a better accuracy of signal-independent quality prediction is achieved by a second quality measure PSM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> represented by the fifth percentile of the sequence of instantaneous audio quality PSM(t). The new measures were evaluated using a large database of subjective listening tests that were originally carried out on behalf of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) for the evaluation of various low bit-rate audio codecs. Additional tests with data unknown in the development phase of the model were carried out. Except for linear distortions, the new method shows a higher prediction accuracy than the ITU-R recommendation BS.1387 ("PEAQ") for the tested data
Vibration Measurements by Tracking Laser Doppler Vibrometer on Automotive Components (2002)

This paper describes the application of a Tracking Laser Doppler Vibrometer (TLDV) to the measurement of vibration of some typical automotive component. After a presentation and discussion of the measurement technique, the attention is focused on the development of specific version optimised for each application. The first component analysed is the sidewall of a tire during its rotation in a typical drum test‐bench. An optimised version of the TLDV was developed for the specific application adding a trajectory assessment tool based on image analysis, in order to fulfil the accuracy specifications imposed by tire manufacturer. The second automotive component is a timing belt. This application presents problems related to the high‐speed linear motion and to data processing for noise rejection. The third application is on windscreen wipers. In this case the tracking approach fully demonstrate his capabilities, representing the only technique able to give information in the time domain on the dynamic behaviour of the rubber blade in operative conditions. All the application shows as the TLDV allows to obtain realistic results on the dynamic characteristics under simulated operative conditions. A Lagrangian approach was adopted: data were acquired with the target in continuously changing conditions and that impose a not traditional approach on LDV data such as a joint time‐frequency analysis.
Input coupling and guided-wave distribution schemes for board-level intra-chip guided-wave optical clock distribution network using volume grating coupler technology (2001)

The input coupling and guided-wave distribution schemes for a novel board-level guided wave optical clock distribution network using volume grating coupler technology are described. Volume grating coupler technology is employed to couple light into the optical waveguide distribution with high efficiency, allowing for compact packaging of the entire optical system and reduced optical input power requirements. A novel single-split-region waveguide distribution network is proposed to allow for larger radii of curvature in the final, smallest-radii levels for reduced bending loss in comparison to a conventional multiple-split-region topology.
Veiled Visuality Video Art in Syria (2008)

Although the Syrian art scene is by and large characterized by artists working in traditional techniques like painting and sculpture, young artists are discovering new forms of expression such as video art. Building upon a long tradition of artists offering social criticism, these artists comment in their work on presentday Syrian society. This article analyzes videos of two artists, locating their art in the context of current social and political debate.
Platform for monolithic integration of III-V devices with Si CMOS technology (2012)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2012.
'Virtual Justice in the Bush': The Use of Court Technology in Remote and Regional Australia (2008)

Courts and tribunals in Australia are making substantial investments in court technology, in particular, videoconferencing and broadband technology, as a way of delivering justice to remote and regional Australia. While the deployment of technology in this way is most often justified on the grounds of cost-savings and convenience, there has been little in the way of research on the effects of its use. This paper discusses issues relating to the use of videoconferencing technology in remote and regional courts in Western Australia focussing particularly on a case study of three remote courts in the Goldfields region. In this region, a high percentage of those to be served by the new technology are Aboriginal people who already experience considerable disadvantage in their dealings with the justice system. It identifies some of those factors that may take on particular significance in the context of the use of videoconferencing technology to take evidence from Aboriginal witnesses. I argue that there is a need to ensure that the use of this technology does not add to the level of 'remoteness' experienced by Aboriginal people in their dealings with the non-indigenous justice system, and that definitions of remoteness that concentrate on physical and economic factors may overlook this need.
Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry of Fluorescently Labeled Nanoparticles (2003)

Mass spectra of fluorescently labeled polystyrene nanoparticles have been obtained using a combined technique of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), and a dual quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. The spectrometer is designed in such a way that the first trap serves as a trapping and mass-analyzing device, while the second trap serves to capture and concentrate the ions ejected from the first trap for fluorescence detection. An enhancement in the LIF signal by more than 3 orders of magnitude is achieved with the help of the second trap, making mass/charge (m/z) analysis of the nanoparticles possible. Additional unique features of this mass spectrometer include that frequency scan (0.5-50 kHz) at a constant voltage (200 V), instead of voltage scan at a constant frequency, is implemented to widen the spectral analysis range of the instrument. The implementation has allowed the spectrometer to operate at relatively high buffer gas pressures (50 mTorr), crucial for effective trapping of the nanometer-sized particles generated by MALDI. We present in this report the first mass spectra of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles with a size of 27 nm using this new mass spectrometric approach. The utility of this method in the study of biological macromolecules or particles is demonstrated with dye-labeled IgG.
IODOPSIN, A RED‐SENSITIVE CONE VISUAL PIGMENT IN THE CHICKEN RETINA* (1991)

The vertebrate retina contains two kinds of visual cells: rods, responsible for twilight (scotopic) vision (black and white discrimination); and cones, responsible for daylight (photopic) vision (color discrimination). Here we attempt to explain some of their functional differences and similarities in terms of their visual pigments. In the chicken retina there are four types of single cones and a double cone; each of the single cones has its own characteristic oil droplet (red, orange, blue, or colorless) and the double cone is composed of a set of principal and accessory members, the former of which has a green-colored oil droplet. Iodopsin, the chicken red-sensitive cone visual pigment, is located at outer segments of both the red single cones and the double cones, while the other single cones and the rod contain their own visual pigments with different absorption spectra. The diversity in absorption spectra among these visual pigments is caused by the difference in interaction between chromophore (11-cis retinal) and protein moiety (opsin). However, the chromophore-binding pocket in iodopsin is similar to that in rhodopsin. The difference in absorption maxima between both pigments could be explained by the difference in distances between the protonated Schiff-bases at the chromophore-binding site and their counter ions in iodopsin and rhodopsin. Furthermore, iodopsin has a unique chloride-binding site whose chloride ion serves for the red-shift of the absorption maximum of iodopsin. Visual pigment bleaches upon absorption of light through several intermediates and finally dissociates into all-trans retinal and opsin. That the sensitivity of cones is lower than rods cannot be explained by the relative photosensitivity of iodopsin to rhodopsin, but may be understood to some extent by the short lifetime of an enzymatically active intermediate (corresponding to metarhodopsin II) produced in the photobleaching process of iodopsin. The rapid formation and decay of the meta II-intermediate of iodopsin compared with metarhodopsin II are not contradictory to the rapid generation and recovery of cone receptor potential compared with rod receptor potential. The rapid recovery of the cone receptor potential may be due to a more effective shutoff mechanism of the visual excitation, including the phosphorylation of iodopsin. The rapid dark adaptation of cones compared with rods has been explained by the rapid regeneration of iodopsin from 11-cis retinal and opsin. One of the reasons for the rapid regeneration and susceptibility to chemicals of iodopsin compared with rhodopsin may be a unique structure near the chromophore-binding site of iodopsin.