gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of short-term ERK activation by electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequencies (2007)

The exposure to non-thermal microwave electromagnetic fields generated by mobile phones affects the expression of many proteins. This effect on transcription and protein stability can be mediated by the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) cascades, which serve as central signalling pathways and govern essentially all stimulated cellular processes. Indeed, long-term exposure of cells to mobile phone irradiation results in the activation of p38 as well as the ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) MAPKs. In the present study, we have studied the immediate effect of irradiation on the MAPK cascades, and found that ERKs, but not stress-related MAPKs, are rapidly activated in response to various frequencies and intensities. Using signalling inhibitors, we delineated the mechanism that is involved in this activation. We found that the first step is mediated in the plasma membrane by NADH oxidase, which rapidly generates ROS (reactive oxygen species). These ROS then directly stimulate MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) and allow them to cleave and release Hb-EGF [heparin-binding EGF (epidermal growth factor)]. This secreted factor activates the EGF receptor, which in turn further activates the ERK cascade. Thus this study demonstrates for the first time a detailed molecular mechanism by which electromagnetic irradiation from mobile phones induces the activation of the ERK cascade and thereby induces transcription and other cellular processes.
Modified alginate and chitosan for lactic acid bacteria immobilization (2004)

Beads with enhanced-stability acid media, which were based on alginate and chitosan functionalized by succinylation (increasing the anionic charges able to retain protons) or by acylation (improving matrix hydrophobicity), were developed for immobilization of bacterial cells. Beads (3 mm diameter) formed by ionotropic gelation with CaCl(2) presented good mechanical characteristics. After 30 min incubation of viable free Lactobacillus rhamnosus cells in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.5), we noticed that the level of viable bacteria was undetectable. Bacterial immobilization in native-alginate-based beads generated a viable-cell count of 22-26%, whereas, when entrapped in succinylated alginate and chitosan beads, the percentage of viable cells was of 60 and 66%, respectively. Best viability (87%) was found for bacteria immobilized in N -palmitoylaminoethyl alginate, which affords a high protective effect, probably due to long alkyl pendants that improve the beads' hydrophobicity, limiting hydration in the acidic environment.
Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: Challenges and Realities (2007)

Discovery and Data mining (KDD) is dedicated to exploring meaningful information from a large volume of data. Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: Challenges and Realities is the most comprehensive reference publication for researchers and real-world data mining practitioners to advance knowledge discovery from low-quality data. This premier reference source presents in-depth experiences and methodologies, providing theoretical and empirical guidance to users who have suffered from underlying, low-quality data. International experts in the field of data mining have contributed all-inclusive chapters focusing on interdisciplinary collaborations among data quality, data processing, data mining, data privacy, and data sharing.
The Different Large Subunit Isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana ADP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase Confer Distinct Kinetic and Regulatory Properties to the Heterotetrameric Enzyme (2003)

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase catalyzes the first and limiting step in starch biosynthesis and is allosterically regulated by the levels of 3-phosphoglycerate and phosphate in plants. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylases from plants are heterotetramers composed of two types of subunits (small and large). In this study, the six Arabidopsis thaliana genes coding for ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase isoforms (two small and four large subunits) have been cloned and expressed in an Escherichia coli mutant deficient in ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity. The co-expression of the small subunit APS1 with the different Arabidopsis large subunits (APL1, APL2, APL3, and APL4) resulted in heterotetramers with different regulatory and kinetic properties. Heterotetramers composed of APS1 and APL1 showed the highest sensitivity to the allosteric effectors as well as the highest apparent affinity for the substrates (glucose-1-phosphate and ATP), whereas heterotetramers formed by APS1 and APL2 showed the lower response to allosteric effectors and the lower affinity for the substrates. No activity was detected for the second gene coding for a small subunit isoform (APS2) annotated in the Arabidopsis genome. This lack of activity is possibly due to the absence of essential amino acids involved in catalysis and/or in the binding of glucose-1-phosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate. Kinetic and regulatory properties of the different heterotetramers, together with sequence analysis has allowed us to make a distinction between sink and source enzymes, because the combination of different large subunits would provide a high plasticity to ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity and regulation. This is the first experimental data concerning the role that all the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase isoforms play in a single plant species. This phenomenon could have an important role in vivo, because different large subunits would confer distinct regulatory properties to ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase according to the necessities for starch synthesis in a given tissue.
Pyrazine Diuretics. I. N-Amidino-3-amino-6-halopyrazinecarboxamides (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrazine Diuretics. I. N-Amidino-3-amino-6-halopyrazinecarboxamidesJohn B. Bicking, James W. Mason, Otto W. Woltersdorf Jr., James H. Jones, Sara F. Kwong, Charles M. Robb, and Edward J. Cragoe Jr.Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 5, 638–642Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00329a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00329a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Real Time Prediction and Classification of Torque and Drag During Drilling Using Statistical Learning Methods (2015)

Abstract A method for predicting torque and drag has been developed which is based on statistical learning models and which utilizes parameters routinely measured while drilling. Real time prediction of torque and drag during drilling has particular significance in on-the-fly rig floor operational modifications and in overall drilling optimization. These statistical methods are readily incorporated into real time drilling optimization procedures, first through a passive diagnostic tool, and subsequently through an integrated real-time control loop. This paper presents statistical learning techniques such as bootstrapped regression, random forests, and support vector machines for prediction of downhole torque. An analysis of the aforementioned methods is carried out to evaluate computational efficiency of the processes. The statistical package R has been employed for processing and visualization of data and for displaying results. A comparison is made to real time ROP prediction carried out in previous work, to assess the relationship between predicted torque and ROP. A method is proposed to use classification techniques for predicting whether drilling is proceeding at the optimal level. Torque values were accurately predicted with all three methods discussed in this paper. However, scalability of the methods must be considered, owing to the increased computational efficiency that is required. Computationally efficient and robust systems are of high priority for field applicability. To that end, ensemble techniques were analyzed along with the aforementioned methods and runtimes were evaluated for all of the methods employed. Results show that this method can be incorporated into real time drilling situations, with attending low runtimes. Development of more accurate methods will require additional computational power and the use of ensemble techniques. Classification proves to be a good technique whenever optimization is required, as indicated by real time predictions. Classification techniques illustrated in this paper explore the viability of various options for correcting undesirable drilling performance. This paper presents state of the art statistical learning techniques for predicting torque and drag during drilling. Previous torque and drag calculations using finite element models provide a good cross reference with this statistical model for indicating operational anomalies. Unexpected values of torque may forecast imminent drilling problems. These methods can be utilized for prediction of drilling problems and proactive methods for avoiding them, and applied in optimized drilling procedures.
Multiphoton ionization of molecules: A comparison between femtosecond and nanosecond laser pulse ionization efficiency (1995)

Multiphoton ionization mass spectra of nonvolatile molecules laser desorbed into a supersonic beam are recorded. It is shown by indirect measurements that the laser desorption of neutrals is not mass limited, but lead to the formation of neutrals with intesities large enough for intense signals. To investigate the efficiency of the multiphoton ionization process with varying laser pulse durations, simultaneous laser pulses of 500 fs and 5 ns or 100 fs and 5 ns have been applied to the neutral beam. The energies of both femtosecond and nanosecond laser pulses are held in a comparable magnitude, and thus produce, in the resulting ion intensity, very large differences up to 4 orders of magnitude. For larger evaporated molecules (> 500 u) the ionization efficiency from nanosecond laser pulses drops significantly in comparison to femtosecond laser pulse excitation. A variety of possible reasons for the different ionization and dissociation behavior in femtosecond and nanosecond laser pulse excitations are discussed in this paper. It is rationalized that even with very short laser pulses and large molecules the "ladder switching model" for ionization and fragmentation is valid.
Calsyntenin-1 Docks Vesicular Cargo to Kinesin-1 (2006)

We identified a direct interaction between the neuronal transmembrane protein calsyntenin-1 and the light chain of Kinesin-1 (KLC1). GST pulldowns demonstrated that two highly conserved segments in the cytoplasmic domain of calsyntenin-1 mediate binding to the tetratricopeptide repeats of KLC1. A complex containing calsyntenin-1 and the Kinesin-1 motor was isolated from developing mouse brain and immunoelectron microscopy located calsyntenin-1 in association with tubulovesicular organelles in axonal fiber tracts. In primary neuronal cultures, calsyntenin-1-containing organelles were aligned along microtubules and partially colocalized with Kinesin-1. Using live imaging, we showed that these organelles are transported along axons with a velocity and processivity typical for fast axonal transport. Point mutations in the two kinesin-binding segments of calsyntenin-1 significantly reduced binding to KLC1 in vitro, and vesicles bearing mutated calsyntenin-1 exhibited a markedly altered anterograde axonal transport. In summary, our results indicate that calsyntenin-1 links a certain type of vesicular and tubulovesicular organelles to the Kinesin-1 motor.
Academic incompetence (1971)

The theme of this conference, “Scholarly Integrity and University Complicity”, promises, by the very nature of words and ideas, a verbal confrontation. Behind that word “complicity” is a sense of guilt related to wrong-doing which, in turn, is a basic contradiction of honesty. We are here, I trust, in a spirit of honest inquiry, because honest inquiry is what the university—any university—is all about. One concern of this conference must be facts. But, at best, facts can only establish a historical record, because facts by the very nature of their relation to events concern matters that are behind us.
Genome-Wide Study of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Outer Membrane Protein Immunogenicity Using Self-Assembling Protein Microarrays (2009)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for potentially life-threatening infections in individuals with compromised defense mechanisms and those with cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa infection is notable for the appearance of a humoral response to some known antigens, such as flagellin C, elastase, alkaline protease, and others. Although a number of immunogenic proteins are known, no effective vaccine has been approved yet. Here, we report a comprehensive study of all 262 outer membrane and exported P. aeruginosa PAO1 proteins by a modified protein microarray methodology called the nucleic acid-programmable protein array. From this study, it was possible to identify 12 proteins that trigger an adaptive immune response in cystic fibrosis and acutely infected patients, providing valuable information about which bacterial proteins are actually recognized by the immune system in vivo during the natural course of infection. The differential detections of these proteins in patients and controls proved to be statistically significant (P<0.01). The study provides a list of potential candidates for the improvement of serological diagnostics and the development of vaccines.
Growth and application of highly ordered array of vertical nanoposts (2006)

In this article, we discuss a few recent advances in fabrication and application of highly ordered nanopost arrays. These arrays are vertically aligned and are uniform in diameter, height, and spacing. They can be made from a large variety of materials ranging from metals, semiconductors, and carbon nanotubes. The keys to achieving a high degree of uniformity and ordering are in the formation and the use of a highly ordered nanopore array as a growth template or mask. The uniformity and vertical orientation greatly facilitate the use of these arrays in biomolecular interfacing, field (optical and acoustic) sensing and modulation, as well as field emitters.
Mechanism of the Intracellular Killing and Modulation of Antibiotic Susceptibility of<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>in THP-1 Macrophages Activated by Gamma Interferon (1999)

Listeria monocytogenes, a facultative intracellular pathogen, readily enters cells and multiplies in the cytosol after escaping from phagosomal vacuoles. Macrophages exposed to gamma interferon, one of the main cellular host defenses against Listeria, become nonpermissive for bacterial growth while containing Listeria in the phagosomes. Using the human myelomonocytic cell line THP-1, we show that the combination of L-monomethyl arginine and catalase restores bacterial growth without affecting the phagosomal containment of Listeria. A previous report (B. Scorneaux, Y. Ouadrhiri, G. Anzalone, and P. M. Tulkens, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40:1225-1230, 1996) showed that intracellular Listeria was almost equally sensitive to ampicillin, azithromycin, and sparfloxacin in control cells but became insensitive to ampicillin and more sensitive to azithromycin and sparfloxacin in gamma interferon-treated cells. We show here that these modulations of antibiotic activity are largely counteracted by L-monomethyl arginine and catalase. In parallel, we show that gamma interferon enhances the cellular accumulation of azithromycin and sparfloxacin, an effect which is not reversed by addition of L-monomethyl arginine and catalase and which therefore cannot account for the increased activity of these antibiotics in gamma interferon-treated cells. We conclude that (i) the control exerted by gamma interferon on intracellular multiplication of Listeria in THP-1 macrophages is dependent on the production of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide; (ii) intracellular Listeria may become insensitive to ampicillin in macrophages exposed to gamma interferon because the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates already controls bacterial growth; and (iii) azithromycin and still more sparfloxacin cooperate efficiently with gamma interferon, one of the main cellular host defenses in Listeria infection.
ARTHE: Experiencing Projected Augmented Reality with THings of the Everyday (2013)

Augmented reality (AR) has become popular in the last few years thanks to the penetration of smartphones with AR browsers and applications. Nevertheless, mobile devices act as an imperfect virtual window, thus research is also exploring how to make AR systems wearable. In this direction, this paper describes a wearable system that uses projected interfaces and gesture-based interaction to enable an AR experience within a smart environment. It is composed of a Pico projector, a Raspberry Pi equipped both with WiFi and ZigBee interfaces and a handheld gesture detection device. Scattered in the environment, different Arduino objects with sensors and ZigBee connectivity capabilities propose projected services to nearby users. The system's architecture is detailed and exemplified with three types of objects: a navigation beacon, a smart plant pot and a game box.
A secure and easy remote access technology (2005)

The authors proposed a new remote access technology, SoftWire, to provide a secure session between an intranet and a client for supporting ubiquitous office services, and secure sessions among several intranets for supporting dynamic collaboration services via the Internet. In one of the most convenient remote access system SSL-VPN, its gateway must be located in DMZ, installations and configurations are difficult for users without the administrator's help. In addition, SSL-VPN is unable to prevent clients from sending and receiving packets directly to and from others on the Internet, it has security risks of hacking and leaking of secret information. Remote access technologies are required to provide such functionality as easy installation, rapid reconfiguration, and robust security. To satisfy such requirements, SoftWire accommodates two new schemes: callback access and client firewalls. In callback access, a client e-mails an access request to a gateway that creates a new SSL session from itself to the client This allows gateways to be deployed at the user's desk behind firewalls and to be easily managed by users. Using client firewalls, a client dynamically controls a client firewall configuration to filter transmitted and received packets. This enables the client to prevent attacks from the Internet and block leaks of secret information to the Internet. We demonstrated that SoftWire can provide enough throughputs for practical applications
A novel polymer nanofiber interface for chemical sensor applications (2002)

Thin films are often employed in sensors in order to improve their performance. It is well known that the sensitivity of a film is proportional to the surface area of the film per unit mass. Thin films made of nanofibers (NF) have surface area approximately one to two orders of the magnitude larger than continuous films, and therefore their sensitivities are potentially as large. In this paper we report preliminary results on the use of nanofiber films as a sensing interface for the Thickness Shear Mode (TSM) piezoelectric sensors. The TSM sensors coated with nanofiber films made of Poly-Lactic Acid-co-Glycolic Acid (PLAGA) polymers were studied under various ambient conditions and the important operating parameters have been determined. Applications of the TSM-NF sensors for gas and liquid detection have been discussed.
The influence of post-emitter processing on the current gain of bipolar transistors (1982)

The effects of post-emitter processing on the current gain of n-p-n and p-n-p transistors used in linear integrated circuits, is the subject of this paper. It is seen that during the emitter diffusion deep level impurities segregate into the bulk and space-charge regions of the emitter. The aluminum alloy process at 500°C provides a powerful scavenging action that getters the impurities. The post-alloy current gain increases by a factor of ten. This gettering is effective in phosphorus diffused emitters if the dielectric is either a CVD oxide, a plasma deposited oxide, or phosphorus glass under Si <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> . With thermally oxidized emitters there is no improvement in current gain. Boron diffused emitters, however, respond to the aluminum alloy process regardless of the dielectric. This study also identifies two processes that contribute to bandgap narrowing ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\DeltaE_{g}</tex> ) these are the emitter diffusion and the post-emitter thermal oxidation. A value of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\DeltaE_{g}</tex> = 0.04 eV measured after the emitter diffusion was found to increase to 0.09 eV after thermal oxidation at 975°C. This additional component of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\DeltaE_{g}</tex> is a result of the anomalous accumulation of phosphorus at the silicon surface during oxidation.
Comments on "A Two's Complement Parallel Array Multiplication Algorithm" (1974)

The two's complement multiplication algorithm discussed by Baugh and Wooley1 is indeed a viable one, and we have used it several times in the past to great advantage in applications where modestly high performance signed multiplies were required, but the design was constrained to commercially available, standard components. This approach to sign compensation, which was first described to me in 1969 by C. M. Rader, does give rise to a uniform partial product array which can be efficiently summed by any of several techniques.