gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital Sensing and Sizing of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes in Complex Media: A Model for Ebola and Marburg Detection (2014)

Rapid, sensitive, and direct label-free capture and characterization of nanoparticles from complex media such as blood or serum will broadly impact medicine and the life sciences. We demonstrate identification of virus particles in complex samples for replication-competent wild-type vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), defective VSV, and Ebola- and Marburg-pseudotyped VSV with high sensitivity and specificity. Size discrimination of the imaged nanoparticles (virions) allows differentiation between modified viruses having different genome lengths and facilitates a reduction in the counting of nonspecifically bound particles to achieve a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 5 × 10(3) pfu/mL for the Ebola and Marburg VSV pseudotypes. We demonstrate the simultaneous detection of multiple viruses in a single sample (composed of serum or whole blood) for screening applications and uncompromised detection capabilities in samples contaminated with high levels of bacteria. By employing affinity-based capture, size discrimination, and a "digital" detection scheme to count single virus particles, we show that a robust and sensitive virus/nanoparticle sensing assay can be established for targets in complex samples. The nanoparticle microscopy system is termed the Single Particle Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor (SP-IRIS) and is capable of high-throughput and rapid sizing of large numbers of biological nanoparticles on an antibody microarray for research and diagnostic applications.
Visualizing Attack of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by the Antimicrobial Peptide Human Defensin 5 (2015)

Human α-defensin 5 (HD5) is a 32-residue cysteine-rich host-defense peptide that exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and contributes to innate immunity in the human gut and other organ systems. Despite many years of investigation, its antimicrobial mechanism of action remains unclear. In this work, we report that HD5ox, the oxidized form of this peptide that exhibits three regiospecific disulfide bonds, causes distinct morphological changes to Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative microbes. These morphologies include bleb formation, cellular elongation, and clumping. The blebs are up to ∼1 μm wide and typically form at the site of cell division or cell poles. Studies with E. coli expressing cytoplasmic GFP reveal that HD5ox treatment causes GFP emission to localize in the bleb. To probe the cellular uptake of HD5ox and subsequent localization, we describe the design and characterization of a fluorophore-HD5 conjugate family. By employing these peptides, we demonstrate that fluorophore-HD5ox conjugates harboring the rhodamine and coumarin fluorophores enter the E. coli cytoplasm. On the basis of the fluorescence profiles, each of these fluorophore-HD5ox conjugates localizes to the site of cell division and cell poles. These studies support the notion that HD5ox, at least in part, exerts its antibacterial activity against E. coli and other Gram-negative microbes in the cytoplasm.
Arginine-143 of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> YopP Crucially Determines Isotype-Related NF-κB Suppression and Apoptosis Induction in Macrophages (2001)

Pathogenic Yersinia spp. counteract host defense mechanisms by modulating the cellular signal relay in response to infection. Subversion of the antiapoptotic NF-kappaB signaling pathway by the Yersinia enterocolitica virulence protein YopP crucially determines the induction of apoptosis in Yersinia-infected macrophages. Here, we analyzed a panel of pathogenic, phylogenetically distinct Y. enterocolitica serotypes for their abilities to trigger macrophage apoptosis. Y. enterocolitica from the highly pathogenic serogroup O8 was substantially more effective in apoptosis induction than Yersinia from the serogroups O3 and O9. Complementation of yopP-knockout mutants revealed that this effect was specifically conferred by the serogroup O8 YopP. The amino acid sequences of YopPO8 and YopPO9 share 94% identity, and both YopP isotypes were found to interact with the NF-kappaB-activating kinase IKKbeta in macrophages. However, selectively, YopPO8 mediated efficient inhibition of IKKbeta activities, which led to substantial suppression of NF-kappaB activation. To localize the YopPO8-related effector domain, we interchanged stretches of amino acids and single amino acid residues between YopPO8 and YopPO9. Functional characterization of the resulting mutants revealed a major role of the arginine-143 residue in determining the inhibitory impact of YopP on IKKbeta activity and survival of macrophages.
Design and Implementation of Management System Based on JSP Technology (2015)

The article introduces the total design and implementation of teaching management system based on JSP technology. The system took Brower/server as web access model, Tomcat as Web server and SQL Server 2000 as data access software. The web function implement of system was developed by using the technique of JSP and JDBC.
RETRACTED: Lnc<scp>RNA NR</scp>2F1‐<scp>AS</scp>1 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma oxaliplatin resistance by targeting <scp>ABCC</scp>1 via miR‐363 (2018)

Emerging evidence has validated the vital role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in the chemoresistance of cancer treatment. In the present study, we investigate the function of lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 on oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and discover the underlying molecular mechanism. Results revealed that lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 was up-regulated in oxaliplatin-resistant HCC tissue and cells using microarray analysis and RT-PCR. Meanwhile, ABCC1 protein was overexpressed in OXA-resistant HCC cells (Huh7/OXA and HepG2/OXA). In vitro, NR2F1-AS1 knockdown reduced the invasion, migration, drug-resistant gene (MDR1, MRP5, LRP1) and IC50 value in Huh7/OXA and HepG2/OXA cells. In vivo, NR2F1-AS1 knockdown decreased the tumour weight of HCC cells. Bioinformatics tools and luciferase reporter assay confirmed miR-363 targeted the 3'-UTR of NR2F1-AS1 and ABCC1 mRNA, presenting that NR2F1-AS1 promoted ABCC1 expression through endogenous sponging miR-363. In summary, results conclude that NR2F1-AS1 regulates HCC OXA resistance through targeting miR-363-ABCC1 pathway, providing a vital theoretic mechanism and therapeutic target for HCC chemoresistance.
Initiation of opiate addiction in a Canadian prison: a case report. (2006)

While anecdotal reports indicate that initiation in prison of the use of addictive illicit substances is frequent, documentation through clinical experience is rare, and the public health implications of this behavior have not been given sufficient attention in the literature. Strategies of incarcerating non-violent drug offenders and attempting to keep illicit drugs out of prisons have not reduced the harms and costs of illicit drug use. Effective, practical alternatives are urgently needed; expanded community diversion programs for non-violent drug offenders deserve particular attention.
Multiplicity Adjustment for Intersection-union Test: DetectingOverlapping Genes from Multiple Microarray Gene Lists (2007)

Detecting overlapping genes from multiple gene lists is a frequently used procedure in microarray- based studies. However in previous studies, the intersection operations of gene lists, formally known as the Intersection-Union Tests (IUTs), were performed without being aware of the incurred changes in Type 1 error rate. We presented an IUT adjustment procedure, called Relaxed IUT (RIUT), which is proved to be less conservative and more powerful for combining independent tests. We demonstrated the superiority of RIUT for detecting overlapping genes by simulation and two real toxicogenomic gene expression data sets. Notably, the better power of RIUT enables it to identify overlapping gene sets leading to known related pathways where traditional TUT fails to find.
Evolution of naval AESA radars (2014)

Modern radar development is driven by an evolving and expanding range of threats. The low end of the threat spectrum is composed of small, slow-moving targets such as UAVs or small surface vessels. At the high end of the threat spectrum there is an increasing number of very fast missiles, up to the level of (Tactical) Ballistic Missiles. Furthermore, the mission environment has evolved as well, which is illustrated on the naval side by increased operations in littoral environments, often in an asymmetric warfare setting. Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar systems are uniquely suited to operate in these operational and threat environments, where the flexibility and redundancy of AESA systems give them an edge over more conventional solutions. Active array systems have been in use for more than a decade now (e.g., the APAR X-band system). Typically, these systems use RF beamforming or 1D Digital Beamforming (DBF). Recent advances in technology have made it possible to extend these beamforming concepts to full 2D digital beamforming, also known as Dual Axis Multi-beam. This results in additional flexibility and possibilities on a system level. This paper describes the underlying technology evolution and the added functionality and flexibility that is achieved with such systems.
Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions in the Proteasome Super-Assemblies. (2015)

Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are at the center of molecular mechanisms of life. The protein ligands convene for regulation of biological function: adding, enhancing or inhibiting activity, for assistance in structural integrity or to enable subsequent PPI. All these general roles of PPI are represented in the proteasome, the giant proteolytic factory universally present in human cells. The proteasome is a renowned target for anti-cancer drugs and a considered target for drugs curbing inflammation. The essential function of the proteasome, the degradation of a majority of intracellular proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, relies on proper interactions between multiple subunits of the enzyme and between multiple modules forming distinct super-assemblies covered by the "proteasome" name. The interface regions between constitutive, alternative or transient protein components of the proteasome provide a rich platform for design of drugs with potentially very diverse actions. Still, the resource remains largely untapped since all proteasome-targeting drugs used so far in humans are classical competitive inhibitors blocking catalytic centers. In this review, we will discuss the opportunities and challenges of targeting PPI in the hub enzyme for intracellular protein catabolism, the proteasome.
Phospholipid metabolism in cancer cells monitored by 31P NMR spectroscopy. (1987)

Addition of choline, ethanolamine, or hemicholinium-3 (a choline kinase inhibitor) to the perfusate of human breast cancer cells monitored by 31P NMR spectroscopy resulted in significant changes to phosphomonoester (PME) and phosphodiester (PDE) signals. These results enable us to assign the PMEs to phosphcholine (PC) and phosphoethanolamine (PE), the PDEs to glycerophosphorylcholine and glycerophosphorylethanolamine, and to define the pathways producing them. The PMEs are products of choline and ethanolamine kinases, the first steps in phospholipid synthesis; and the PDEs are substrates of glycerophosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase, the last step in phospholipid catabolism. Furthermore, PC and PE peaks are twice as intense in cells at log phase versus confluency. We also observed these signals in vivo in human colon and breast tumors grown in mice. Since PMEs are low in most nonproliferating tissues, they could form a basis for noninvasive diagnosis. Also, PE and PC are situated between the control enzymes of two major synthetic pathways and will allow noninvasive 31P NMR studies of these pathways in intact cells and in vivo.
Feeding value of enset (<i>Ensete ventricosum</i>), <i>Desmodium intortum</i> hay and untreated or urea and calcium oxide treated wheat straw for sheep (2008)

Feed intake, in vivo nutrient digestibility and nitrogen utilization were evaluated in male sheep fed different fractions (leaf, pseudostem, corm, whole plant) of enset, untreated or 2% urea- and 3% calcium oxide- (CaO or lime) treated wheat straw and Desmodium intortum hay as sole diets. All feeds, except D. intortum hay and enset leaf had low crude protein (CP) content. Non-fiber carbohydrate contents were higher in enset fractions, especially in pseudostem and corm relative to other feeds. Enset leaf and pseudostem had high calcium, phosphorus and manganese contents. Corm, whole enset and D. intortum hay were rich sources of zinc. Daily dry matter and CP intakes were higher (p < 0.05) in sheep fed D. intortum hay (830 and 133 g, respectively) than those fed pseudostem (92 and 7.8 g, respectively). Organic matter digestibilities were highest for corm (0.780) and whole enset (0.776) and lowest for D. intortum hay (0.534) and untreated wheat straw (0.522). The CP digestibility ranged from 0.636 in D. intortum hay to 0.408 in corm. Nitrogen (N) balance was highest (p < 0.05) in D. intortum hay (10.4 g/day) and lowest in corm (-1.3 g/day). Enset leaf could be a useful protein supplement whereas the pseudostem and corm could be good sources of energy.
Evidence-based practice in perioperative nursing practice (2011)

Welcome to the second edition of the Research Corner. To continue your research journey with us, this paper will present a brief outline of evidence-based practice as a process for deliberation when contemplating the need to review your clinical practice.
Substituent effects on intermolecular electron transfer: coumarins in electron-donating solvents (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituent effects on intermolecular electron transfer: coumarins in electron-donating solventsYutaka Nagasawa, Arkadiy P. Yartsev, Keisuke Tominaga, Alan E. Johnson, and Keitaro YoshiharaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 17, 7922–7923Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00070a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00070a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enterotoxigenic bacteria in the sudden infant death syndrome (1993)

Faecal samples from 123 infants who died with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and from a comparative group of 52 age-matched babies were analysed for toxigenic bacteria and their toxins. Serum samples from the SIDS infants were also analysed for these toxins. A significantly higher proportion of toxigenic bacteria and their toxins were found in faecal samples of SIDS babies than in samples from the comparative group. These toxins were also found in serum from the SIDS babies. Clostridium perfringens was found in 54 (45.4%) of 119 SIDS cases compared with 10 (19.6%) of 51 healthy babies (chi 2 = 10.1, p < 0.01); C. difficile in 33 (27.7%) of 119 SIDS cases compared with 8 (14.8%) of 54 healthy babies (chi 2 = 3.43ns, p < 0.1); Staphylococcus aureus in 12 (27.3%; 66.7% enterotoxigenic) of 44 SIDS cases compared with 12 (85.7%; non-enterotoxigenic) of 14 healthy babies (chi 2 = 14.9, p < 0.001); C. botulinum in 6 (5.0%) of 120 SIDS cases compared with 0 of 53 healthy babies (chi 2 = 2.74, p < 0.1). Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonellae and Bacillus cereus were not detected. Heat-labile toxin, lethal to mice (HLML) was found in 32 (27.1%) of 118 SIDS faecal samples compared with 5 (10.6%) of 47 healthy babies (chi 2 = 5.24, p < 0.05); cytotoxins in 38 (30.9%) of 123 SIDS faecal samples compared with 0 of 21 of healthy babies (chi 2 = 8.8, p < 0.01) and 24 (27.6%) of 87 SIDS serum samples. C. perfringens enterotoxin was detected in 33 (34.4%) of 96 SIDS faecal extracts compared with 0 of 23 of healthy babies (chi 2 = 10.94, p < 0.001), and in 27 (24.5%) of 110 SIDS serum samples. C. perfringens alpha-toxin (presumptive) was detected in 14 (17.5%) of 80 SIDS faecal extracts compared with 0 of 17 from healthy babies (chi 2 = 3.5ns, p congruent to 0.05) and in 2 (2.3%) of 87 SIDS serum samples. C. difficile toxin was detected in four SIDS faecal samples and two serum samples. C. botulinum toxin was detected in only one of 120 SIDS faecal samples compared with none of 49 from healthy babies. Staphylococcal enterotoxins were detected in 8 (19.5%) of 41 SIDS faecal samples compared with 0 of 19 from healthy babies (chi 2 = 4.278, p < 0.05), and in 4 (10.8%) of 37 SIDS serum samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
fMet-Leu-Phe-induced activation of phospholipase D in human neutrophils. Dependence on changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and relation with respiratory burst activation. (1991)

In this study, we have investigated the Ca2+ requirements for the activation of phospholipase D by the tripeptide fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP) in human neutrophils. EGTA inhibited the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) by 55% (n = 4). When the initial transient rise in [Ca2+]i was prevented by loading the cells with limited amounts of the Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(O-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM), PLD activation was inhibited by 92% (n = 4). In the presence of both chelators, PLD activation was only 4% of control. In electropermeabilized neutrophils, too, the activation of PLD after the addition of fMLP strongly depends on the Ca2+ concentration, being almost absent with 100 nM free Ca2+ present and reaching maximum activation with a free [Ca2+] of 500 nM. We subsequently investigated the relationship between PLD activation and the activation of the respiratory burst. In neutrophils loaded with BAPTA/AM (10 microM), in which PLD activation was almost absent, a respiratory burst could be induced by fMLP, albeit with a much longer lag time. A respiratory burst could also be elicited by fMLP in electropermeabilized neutrophils incubated with 100 nM free Ca2+. This response, however, was strongly enhanced in the presence of 1 microM Ca2+. Our results indicate that changes in [Ca2+]i are essential for the activation of PLD by fMLP, but probably do not constitute the sole activation signal. In addition, our data provide evidence that PLD activation is important, but not necessary, for activation of the neutrophil respiratory burst.
Differential transferrin receptor density in human colorectal cancer: A potential probe for diagnosis and therapy. (1998)

Transferrin receptor density was investigated in human colorectal surgical specimens. Crude membranes were prepared from 23 cancer tumors (adenocarcinoma or malignant villous tumor) and 3 non-cancer tumors (polyadenoma or villous tumor) and 26 adjacent control mucosa. Contrary to non-cancer tumors, Scatchard analysis of 125I-transferrin binding data evidenced higher maximal transferrin binding capacity and lower dissociation constant in cancer tissues (Bmax cancer 1.828+/-0.320 nmol/g, Kd 24.1+/-4.7 nM), as compared to paired control colonic mucosa (Bmax contol 0.851+/-0.182 nmol/g, Kd 30.7+/-7.3 nM), paired t-tests: Bmax p<0.001, Kd p<0.05). As the cancer/control Bmax ratio was 2.6+/-0.4,transferrin carrier constructs should be proposed for cancer imaging or therapy.
Building adaptive user profiles by a genetic fuzzy classifier with feature selection (2002)

A genetic algorithm is used to build user profiles from a collection of documents previously retrieved by the user. A fuzzy classification and a genetic term selection process provide a better utilization of valuable knowledge for genetic algorithms in order to get an improvement of the quality of the current and near future information needs in the areas of interest to the user. A gene in the chromosome of the genetic algorithm is defined by a term and a fuzzy number of occurrences of the term in documents belonging to the class of documents that satisfy the user's information need. In this way, the terms that allow the system to discern between good and bad documents are selected and stored as a part of the user's profile to be used in future queries to the system. The fuzzy classifier implements an inductive derivation of the current, experience based, interest profile in terms of an importance weighted conjunction of genes.
Fourier Transform Applications to Tire Life Testing (1987)

Abstract The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) has been used increasingly in such tire tests as uniformity, ride vibration analysis, acoustic intensity measurement, and modal analysis of tire and vehicle structures. A new application for the FFT is in monitoring tire endurance and high speed tests to identify significant changes in tire structural integrity and to provide advanced warning of impending tire failure so that the test may be terminated prior to ultimate failure of the tire. Greater information concerning the initiation of failure can then be obtained than is possible by trying to reconstruct the remains of a failed tire. Continuous display of FFT analysis of tire carriage vibrations reveals one to fifteen harmonics of tire rotation frequency on a new tire, with higher harmonics growing with test time. Just prior to failure, these higher harmonics grow in unison to very high levels with a “white‐harmonic” spectrum appearing. Since the tire would then fail within 5 to 20 seconds, the test should be terminated. This paper details the techniques applied and the results obtained to date in creating a test monitoring program that will notify the test operator of significant test developments, and in automatic shutdown of tires nearing failure.
A Security Model for Online Accessing to Shared Devices (2006)

Accessing to online devices is one of the promising ways to improve devices' utility and efficiency. Due to the shared device being connected to the Internet, it may be exposed to attacks and it also challenges the conventional access control model. In this paper, we analyze and compare conventional objects and shared devices. It presents shared devices characteristics, such as time-dependence, special privileges, access capacity and process-dependence. According to the four key characteristics and role-based access control model, we introduce several concepts such as dynamic actor, permanent role and device access policy, etc. A remote devices access control (RDAC) model is presented. This model satisfies the requirement for describing online devices access control needs. Based on RDAC, we designed and implemented a security framework for remote devices access (SFRDAC). In the implementation of SFRDAC, we use proxy authentication to isolate the business logics; use XML to describe users' access control profile; use digital signature and XML encryption standard to secure the access control message. At the end, a case study is given