gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multiple Visual Models Based Perceptive Analysis Framework for Multilevel Video Summarization (2007)

In this paper, we propose a generic framework to human perception analysis in video understanding based on multiple visual cues. Video features that prominently influence human perception, such as motion, contrast, special scenes, and statistical rhythm, are first extracted and modeled. A perception curve that corresponds to human perception change is then constructed from these individual models using linear or priority based fusion approach. As an important application of the perceptive analysis framework, a feasible scheme for video summarization is implemented in order to demonstrate the validity, robustness, and generality of the proposed framework. The frames that correspond to the peak points in these individual models and the fusion curve are extracted as multilevel summarizations that include video keywords, keyframes, and dynamic segments. The subjective evaluations from a supplementary volunteer study on video summarizations indicate that the analysis framework is effective and offer a promising approach to semantic video management, access, and understanding
Interactions between Newly Synthesized Glycoproteins, Calnexin and a Network of Resident Chaperones in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (1997)

Calnexin is a membrane-bound lectin and a molecular chaperone that binds newly synthesized glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To analyze the oligomeric properties of calnexin and calnexin-substrate complexes, sucrose velocity gradient centrifugation and chemical cross-linking were used. After CHAPS solubilization of Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, the unoccupied calnexin behaved as a monomer sedimenting at 3.5 S20,W. For calnexin-substrate complexes the S-values ranged between 3.5-8 S20,W, the size increasing with the molecular weight of the substrate. Influenza hemagglutinin, a well-characterized substrate associated with calnexin in complexes that sedimented at 5-5.5 S20,W. The majority of stable complexes extracted from cells, appeared to contain a single calnexin and a single substrate molecule, with about one third of the calnexin in the cell being unoccupied or present in weak associations. However, when chemical cross-linking was performed in intact cells, the calnexin-substrate complexes and calnexin itself was found to be part of a much larger heterogeneous protein network that included other ER proteins. Pulse-chase analysis of influenza-infected cells combined with chemical cross-linking showed that HA was part of large, heterogeneous, cross-linked entities during the early phases of folding, but no longer after homotrimer assembly. The network of weakly associated resident ER chaperones which included BiP, GRP94, calreticulin, calnexin, and other proteins, may serve as a matrix that binds early folding and assembly intermediates and restricts their exit from the ER.
A capacitive instrument for the measurement of a large range of magnetostriction at low temperatures and high magnetic fields (1978)

An instrument has been constructed to measure a large range of magnetostriction between room temperature and 4K in a superconductive split-coil magnet. A combination of high sensitivity and large range is achieved by using a variable-gap capacitor to measure the magnetostriction. Consideration has been given to the best way of relating the magnetostriction to the fundamental magnetoelastic coupling coefficients, and to the information that can be obtained by measurements in various crystal planes. In the light of this, the instrument has been designed to make the measurements in the plane containing the magnetic field. The use of the instrument is illustrated by preliminary results for the first basal plane magnetostriction coefficient for terbium.
A clinical trial using danazol for the treatment of premenstrual tension (1987)

Forty women with premenstrual tension received either placebo, 100, 200 or 400 mg danazol daily for 3 months in a pilot study arranged as a double-blind trial. Thirteen patients withdrew by the third month usually because they complained of no improvement. They had significantly higher pretrial symptom scores than those who continued. In patients treated with danazol, symptom scores for breast pain during the second and third months and for irritability, anxiety and lethargy during the third month were significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than scores in those given placebo. Most symptoms improved on placebo in the first month but by the third month only three remained improved. In contrast eight symptoms were improved on 200 mg danazol by the third month. By the end of the trial more than 75% of patients who were still taking danazol were essentially free of breast pain, lethargy, anxiety and increased appetite, but results for other common symptoms were no better than with placebo.
Studies on Streptomyces Antibiotic, Cycloheximide. X (1960)

Antimicrobial activity was examined with cycloheximide, its isomers and derivatives, and related substances including ψ-cycloheximide. Discussions were made on the correlation between the structure and activity of cycloheximides. Some mention was made on the synthesis of N-methylcycloheximide.
Microreactor-Based Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Beads Used for Explosive Detection (2009)

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) beads based on acrylate formulations have been successfully synthesized in two different types of microreactors capable of generating spherical prepolymer droplets of controlled size in continuous segmented flow processes. After polymerizing and curing the droplets monodisperse acrylate particles have been obtained. Particle sizes have been adjusted in a wide range from 10 to 140 μm by choosing appropriate flow rates of the continuous and the disperse phase. By adding trinitrotoluene (TNT) as a template and PEG as a coporogen to the disperse phase MIP beads with TNT-selective sites and a sufficiently high porosity have been synthesized, as required, for explosive detection techniques.
Evaluation of Glyoxal and Methylglyoxal Levels in Uremic Patients under Peritoneal Dialysis (2005)

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in serum and tissues of patients with chronic renal failure, even in the absence of diabetes, and a different clearance of these species has been observed by hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Furthermore, it has been shown that not only AGE but also 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds are formed during heat sterilization of glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluids. Therefore, we investigated the level of some AGEs (pentosidine and free pentosidine) and dicarbonyl compounds (glyoxal and methylglyoxal) in end-stage renal disease patients subjected to peritoneal dialysis. Samples (20 from healthy subjects, 16 from uremic patients before and after 12 h of peritoneal dialysis) were analyzed, and the plasma and dialysate levels of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, pentosidine, and free pentosidine were determined. In plasma of uremic patients, mean values of pentosidine showed a small decrease after dialysis and were always higher than those of healthy control subjects. An analogous trend was observed for free pentosidine. In the case of peritoneal dialysate, no pentosidine and free pentosidine were found at time zero, whereas both compounds were detected after 12 h of dialysis. Glyoxal and methylglyoxal mean levels showed a decrease in plasma after dialysis even if their values were always higher than those of healthy control subjects. Surprisingly, an analogous trend was observed also in dialysate. These results might indicate that glyoxal and methylglyoxal already present in the dialysis fluid react with the peritoneal matrix proteins, accounting for the gradual loss of peritoneal membrane function that is often observed in patients subjected to CAPD for a long time.
Measurement of mirror birefringence at the sub-ppm level: Proposed application to a test of QED (2000)

We present detailed considerations on the achievable sensitivity in the measurement of birefringence using a high finesse optical cavity, emphasizing techniques based on frequency metrology. Alternative approaches of laser locking and cavity measurement techniques are discussed and demonstrated. High-precision measurements of the cavity mirror birefringence have led to the interesting observations of photorefractive activities on mirror surfaces.
“I'm Sorry, Please Don't Hurt Me”: Effectiveness of Apologies on Aggression Control (2010)

The author attempted to replicate Ohbuchi, Kameda, and Agarie's (1989) study which found that giving an apology, with or without harm removal, reduced aggressive responses among a sample of Japanese college women. The author found similar results with a U.S. sample of college women. The results provide evidence for cross-cultural similarity in the effectiveness of apologies in reducing aggressive responses.
The Cancer Stem Cell Hypothesis: A Guide to Potential Molecular Targets (2014)

Common cancer theories hold that tumor is an uncontrolled somatic cell proliferation caused by the progressive addition of random mutations in critical genes that control cell growth. Nevertheless, various contradictions related to the mutation theory have been reported previously. These events may be elucidated by the persistence of residual tumor cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) responsible for tumorigenesis, tumor maintenance, tumor spread, and tumor relapse. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of CSCs, with a focus on the possibility to identify specific markers of CSCs, and discuss the clinical application of targeting CSCs for cancer treatment.
Pyromellitamide Gelators: Exponential Rate of Aggregation, Hierarchical Assembly, and Their Viscoelastic Response to Anions (2009)

The gelation and aggregation properties of a newly synthesized structurally simplified tetrahexyl pyromellitamide 2 have been studied and compared to the previously reported tetra(ethylhexanoate) pyromellitide 1, indicating that the ester groups in the latter significantly impede its aggregation. Morphology studies (AFM and TEM) on the aggregates formed by tetrahexyl pyromellitamide 2 in cyclohexane revealed highly uniform aggregates with different dimensions at different starting concentrations, suggesting that this molecule aggregates in a hierarchical fashion from a one-dimensional supramolecular polymer through hollow tubes or compressed helices to a network structure and then to a gel. This hypothesis is further supported by viscosity measurements that indicate a crossover point where individual supramolecular fibers get entangled at concentrations above ca. 3 mM in cyclohexane. Addition of 1 equiv of tetraalkylammonium salts of chloride or bromide, however, caused the viscosities of these pyromellitamide solutions to drop by a factor of 2-3 orders of magnitude, demonstrating the sensitivity of these aggregates to the presence of small anions. The sensitivity to anions does depend on the solubility of the salts used as small anion salts with little solubility in cyclohexane did not show this effect. Time-dependent viscosity studies showed that the aggregation of pyromellitamide 2 follows an exponential rate law, possibly related to the columnar rearrangements that are associated with the observed 6 angstroms contraction in d spacing in the XRD pattern of these gels. These results, particularly on the importance of kinetics of aggregation of self-assembled pyromellitamide gels, will be useful for future development of related materials for a number of applications, including tissue engineering and drug delivery.
Identification of Proteins in the Accessory Sex Gland Fluid Associated With Fertility Indexes of Dairy Bulls: A Proteomic Approach (2006)

We evaluated the expression of proteins in the accessory sex gland fluid (AGF) and their relationships with fertility indexes of dairy bulls. Fertility was normalized as the percentage point deviation of their nonreturn rates (PD) from the average fertility of all bulls from a given artificial insemination center. Services associated with each sire ranged from 269 to 77 321 and PD values from +7.7% to -18.1%. AGF, from 37 bulls, was obtained with an artificial vagina after cannulation of the vasa deferentia. Proteins from AGF were separated by 2-dimensional SDS-PAGE followed by staining with Coomassie blue and analysis of polypeptide maps using PDQuest software. Bulls were divided in groups based on PD values and the optical density of spots in the AGF gels used as independent variables to predict bull fertility. Proteins were identified by capillary liquid chromatography nanoelectrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (CapLC-MS/MS). An average of 52 +/- 5 spots was detected in the AGF gels, but there were no spots unique to groups of either high- (PD > or = 0) or low- (PD < 0) fertility sires. The former were neither less nor more homogeneous than the latter based on correlations of all matched spots between pairs of AGF maps. However, high fertility of dairy bulls was significantly associated with lower expression of 14-kDa spermadhesin Z13 isoforms and higher amounts of 55-kDa osteopontin and 58-kDa phospholipase A2 (PLA2) isoforms. The average intensity of 5 spots identified as BSP 30 kDa in the AGF gels had a quadratic association with fertility indexes (R2 = .18; P = .03). PD values of bulls were related (R2 = .56) to the quantity of spermadhesin, osteopontin, and BSP 30 kDa in the AGF polypeptide maps. Bull fertility was also determined by another equation (R2 = .53) with spermadhesin, BSP 30 kDa, and PLA2 as independent variables. We conclude that interactions among several proteins in accessory sex gland fluid explain a significant proportion of the variation in fertility scores of mature dairy sires.
Design and optimization of a novel compliant off-chip interconnect One-Turn Helix (2003)

As the rapid advances in IC design and fabrication continue to challenge and push the electronic packaging technology, in terms of fine pitch, high performance, low cost, and good reliability, compliant interconnects show great advantages for next-generation packaging. A novel compliant off-chip interconnect, One-Turn Helix (OTH), is designed as an underfill-free interconnect. It has excellent compliance in all directions to compensate the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between the silicon die and an organic substrate. The fabrication of OTH is similar to standard IC fabrication, and wafer-level packaging makes it cost effective. In this work, we study the effect of geometry parameters on mechanical and electrical performance of OTH. Thinner and narrower arcuate beam with larger radius and taller post are found to have better mechanical compliance. However, it is found that structures with excellent mechanical compliance cannot have good electrical performance. Therefore, a trade off is needed for the design of OTH. Response surface methodology and an optimization technique have been used to select the optimal OTH structure parameters.
Metabolic regulation of asparagine synthetase gene expression in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) root tips (1996)

Differential hybridization of a cDNA library constructed with poly(A)+ mRNA from 24 h starved maize (Zea mays L.) root tips, resulted in the isolation of a cDNA (called pZSS1) that was highly induced during glucose deprivation. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the full-length cDNA allowed its identification by comparison with sequence data bases. The 586 amino acid sequence encoded by pZSS1 was shown to be about 60% identical to sequences of asparagine synthetases (EC 6.3.5.4) from Asparagus officinalis, Pisum sativum, Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea. Southern blot analysis of maize genomic DNA showed that asparagine synthetase may be encoded by at least two genes. The use of a specific probe for the 3' untranslated region of pZSS1 in Northern blot experiments, revealed that the isolated AS gene was essentially expressed in roots of maize seedlings. Time course analysis revealed that maximal expression of the gene corresponding to pZSS1 occurs between 18 and 24 h after the onset of the starvation treatment. The steady-state levels of transcripts in maize root tips were found to change under various incubation conditions. Exogenous supply of metabolizable sugars downregulated the gene expression, while carbohydrate deprivation or feeding with non-metabolizable sugars resulted in the induction of gene expression. In addition to carbohydrate deprivation, the effects of nitrogen metabolite supply and stress conditions indicate that gene expression might be under metabolic control in maize root tips. The intracellular nitrogen to carbon ratio might be an important factor for the regulation of asparagine synthetase gene expression.
The relationship between childhood trauma and neuropsychological functioning in first episode psychosis (2012)

There is an overlap between the neurocognitive deficits observed in adult survivors of childhood trauma and individuals with psychosis. Few studies examine the relationship between trauma and neurocognition in psychosis. The purpose of this study was to examine this in a first episode population. Thirty individuals with first episode psychosis who had completed a battery of neurocognitive testing in the longitudinal Northern Ireland First Episode Psychosis Study were subsequently interviewed and separated into two groups on the basis of childhood trauma. Between groups analysis was used to compare differences on measures of memory, executive functioning and verbal fluency. Twenty-one (70%) participants reported childhood trauma and nine (30%) reported no such history. Participants with a history of childhood trauma had a significantly higher pre-morbid IQ than the no childhood trauma group and experienced a significant decline in IQ when pre-morbid IQ estimates were compared to current IQ estimates. After controlling for pre-morbid IQ on all domains, the childhood trauma group had significantly poorer performance on tasks of semantic fluency, delayed visual recall, and visuospatial working memory. Childhood trauma may contribute to specific neurocognitive deficits and may predict a lower level of functioning relative to pre-morbid ability.
Subwavelength Focusing and Guiding of Surface Plasmons (2005)

The constructive interference of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) launched by nanometric holes allows us to focus SPP into a spot of high near-field intensity having subwavelength width. Near-field scanning optical microscopy is used to map the local SPP intensity. The resulting SPP patterns and their polarization dependence are accurately described in model calculations based on a dipolar model for the SPP emission at each hole. Furthermore, we show that the high SPP intensity in the focal spot can be launched and propagated on a Ag strip guide with a 250 x 50 nm2 cross section, thus overcoming the diffraction limit of conventional optics. The combination of focusing arrays and nano-waveguides may serve as a basic element in planar nano-photonic circuits.
Nuclear EGFR shuttling induced by ionizing radiation is regulated by phosphorylation at residue Thr654 (2010)

Nuclear localisation of EGFR is associated with treatment resistance of tumor cells. The aim of this study was to identify molecular targets to block nuclear shuttling of EGFR. Mutation of Thr654, located within the putative EGFR NLS demonstrated that phosphorylation of this residue is essential for nuclear EGFR shuttling following irradiation. Deletion of Thr654 blocked nuclear transport of EGFR, whereas mutation to Glu increased shuttling. Treatment with a peptide, corresponding to the phosphorylated NLS, abolished nuclear EGFR transport and reduced radiation-induced activation of DNA-PK, essential for DNA-repair. In accordance with that, lack of nuclear EGFR increased residual DNA damage in tumor cells and reduced cellular survival following irradiation. Blockage of nuclear EGFR shuttling may be a new strategy to fight treatment resistance.
Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations, Indexes of Protein Metabolism and Growth in Healthy, Full-Term Infants Fed Partially Hydrolyzed Infant Formula (1998)

In this study, feeding PHF did not affect the majority of plasma amino acid concentrations, some indices of protein metabolism, and basic parameters of growth in full-term infants. However, plasma concentrations of lysine, threonine, tyrosine, ornithine, and albumin were, on at least one occasion, significantly lower in infants fed PHF than in those receiving F.
Extracting guarantees from chaos (2003)

The P2P revolution promises freedom from boundaries, censorship, and centralized control. P2P proponents claim the vast untapped resource of personal computers owned by ordinary people can be combined together to build something greater and more reliable than the sum of its parts.
New Insight into the Transcriptional Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in the Endometrium by Estrogen and Relaxin (2005)

Increased uterine capillary permeability, which can be induced by both estrogen and relaxin, is required for endometrial growth and implantation. This effect is mediated in both cases by estrogen receptors (ERs), via stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. The sites on the VEGF promoter through which induction occurs, however, are completely unclear. We have used the technique of chromatin immunoprecipitation in vivo to localize the site of ER action and identify other transcription factors that are involved. We have found that ERa associates with Sp1/Sp3 at a GC-rich region of the promoter. More interesting, however, is the observation that estrogen also induces rapid, transient binding of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), which mediates VEGF transcription in response to hypoxia, to the promoter. The estrogen-induced HIF-1 binding closely matches the estrogen-induced pattern of VEGF expression in the uterus, suggesting that HIF-1 is involved in that induction, and probably that of many other genes as well (HIF-1 is now known to regulate the expression of more than 40 genes). It is likely that studies now under way will also link relaxin-induced VEGF expression to HIF-1. This is based on the similarities in the effects of the two hormones on VEGF expression and on their shared ability to activate the PI3K and MAPK pathways, both of which can activate HIF-1.
On-Line Algorithms for Division and Multiplication (1977)

In this paper, on-line algorithms for division and multiplication are developed. It is assumed that the operands as well as the result flow through the arithmetic unit in a digit-by-digit, most significant digit first fashion. The use of a redundant digit set, at least for the digits of the result, is required.