gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Haemarthrosis stimulates the synovial fibrinolytic system in haemophilic mice (2013)

Recurrent joint bleeding is the most common manifestation of haemophilia resulting in haemophilic arthropathy (HA). The exact pathophysiology is unknown, but it is suggested that arthropathy is stimulated by liberation of fibrinolytic activators from the synovium during haemarthrosis. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that haemarthrosis activates the local synovial fibrinolytic system in a murine haemophilia model. The right knees of haemophilic and control mice were punctured to induce haemarthrosis. The left knees served as internal control joints. Synovial levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), plasmin, and alpha-2-antiplasmin (A2AP) were compared between the punctured and control knees. In haemophilic mice, an increase in synovial cells expressing urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in the right punctured knee versus the left unaffected knee was observed: (47% vs 43%) (p=0.03). Additionally, in haemophilic mice, haemarthrosis induced an increase in uPA (0.016 ng/ml vs 0.01 ng/ml) (p=0.03) and plasmin (0.53 μg/ml vs 0.46 μg/ml) (p=0.01) as promoters of fibrinolysis. Synovial levels of PAI-1 (0.32 ng/ml vs 0.17 ng/ml) (p<0.01) was also increased, whereas synovial levels of A2AP were unchanged: (0.021 μg/ml vs 0.021 μg/ml) (p=0.15). Enhanced uPA production was confirmed in human stimulated synovial fibroblast cultures and elevated levels of plasmin were confirmed harmful to human cartilage tissue explants. In this study we demonstrate that haemarthrosis in haemophilic mice induces synovial uPA expression and results in an increase in synovial plasmin levels, making the joint more vulnerable to prolonged and subsequent bleedings, and adding directly to cartilage damage.
Endotoxin in middle-ear effusions from patients with chronic otitis media with effusion (1984)

Endotoxin concentrations were determined in middle-ear effusions (MEEs) from 89 children with chronic otitis media by using the Limulu's amoebocyte lysate assay. Mean concentrations of endotoxin in Haemophilus influenzae-positive and Streptococcus pneumoniae-positive MEEs were 157 and 21.8 ng/ml, respectively, and were significantly different (P less than 0.01). Endotoxin was also found in Gram stain-positive, culture-negative and Gram stain-negative, culture-negative MEEs, but the levels were not significantly different (P greater than 0.05). However, the endotoxin concentrations in both groups of culture-negative MEEs significantly lower than those found in MEEs that grew either H. influenzae or S. pneumoniae (P less than 0.05). These results show that endotoxin is present in a high percentage of human MEEs, including those that are culture negative, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion.
Maximizing Drilling Performance With Real-Time Surveillance System Based on Parameters Optimization Algorithm (2014)

With deeper exploration and development of hydrocarbon reservoirs, a novel drilling parameters optimization algorithm, named as Navigation Optimization (NAVO) based on mechanical specific energy (MSE) theory, was investigated to continually improve the rate of penetration (ROP) and drilling performance. From the perspectives of rock mechanics and conservation of energy, the relationship among drilling parameters, ROP and MSE has been derived from comprehensive analysis of optimized drilling mechanism. Based on the R.Teale MSE model, the specific energy concept, considering the effect of hydraulics energy on rock breaking efficiency, is further extended based on the hydro-mechanical specific energy (HMSE). With the principle of maximum ROP and minimum HMSE, drilling parameter recommendation model was established, and a real-time drilling optimization system was developed and named as DrillNAV. The DrillNAV system could monitor all dynamic drilling parameters during drilling operations and feed back the advisory for drillers in real time. A pilot test showed the use of DrillNAV provided about 35% higher ROP with identification of downhole vibrations. It showed that NAVO algorithm can optimize drilling parameters in real time, which can be used to drilling performance evaluation and rock breaking analysis so as to raise the ROP and reduce drilling cost. Key Words : Navigation optimization; Hydro-mechanical Specific energy; Drilling parameter recommendation; DrillNAV system
Capillary electrophoresis as a method for determining the hydrolysis rate constant of raffinose. (2002)

Capillary electrophoresis was first employed for the determination of the hydrolysis rate constant of trisaccharide raffinose. Raffinose hydrolyzes in acidic medium at different temperatures; the hydrolysis products, including melibiose and fructose, were determined quantitatively. The concentration change in hydrolysis products over time provided useful information for calculating the hydrolysis constant of raffinose. The temperature dependence of the hydrolysis rate constant was used to calculate raffinose hydrolysis activation energy, which corresponds to the literature value.
Improved procedure for the N-demethylation of 6,7-benzomorphans, morphine, and codeine (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImproved procedure for the N-demethylation of 6,7-benzomorphans, morphine, and codeineKenner C. RiceCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 12, 1850–1851Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00900a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00900a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views627Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of Omniphobic Desalination Membranes Using a Charged Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffold (2016)

In this study, we present a facile and scalable approach to fabricate omniphobic nanofiber membranes by constructing multilevel re-entrant structures with low surface energy. We first prepared positively charged nanofiber mats by electrospinning a blend polymer-surfactant solution of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and cationic surfactant (benzyltriethylammonium). Negatively charged silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) were grafted on the positively charged electrospun nanofibers via dip-coating to achieve multilevel re-entrant structures. Grafted SiNPs were then coated with fluoroalkylsilane to lower the surface energy of the membrane. The fabricated membrane showed excellent omniphobicity, as demonstrated by its wetting resistance to various low surface tension liquids, including ethanol with a surface tension of 22.1 mN/m. As a promising application, the prepared omniphobic membrane was tested in direct contact membrane distillation to extract water from highly saline feed solutions containing low surface tension substances, mimicking emerging industrial wastewaters (e.g., from shale gas production). While a control hydrophobic PVDF-HFP nanofiber membrane failed in the desalination/separation process due to low wetting resistance, our fabricated omniphobic membrane exhibited a stable desalination performance for 8 h of operation, successfully demonstrating clean water production from the low surface tension feedwater.
Crystal Structures of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) Zinc Fingers Bound to DNA (2011)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) has two homologous zinc finger domains, Zn1 and Zn2, that bind to a variety of DNA structures to stimulate poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis activity and to mediate PARP-1 interaction with chromatin. The structural basis for interaction with DNA is unknown, which limits our understanding of PARP-1 regulation and involvement in DNA repair and transcription. Here, we have determined crystal structures for the individual Zn1 and Zn2 domains in complex with a DNA double strand break, providing the first views of PARP-1 zinc fingers bound to DNA. The Zn1-DNA and Zn2-DNA structures establish a novel, bipartite mode of sequence-independent DNA interaction that engages a continuous region of the phosphodiester backbone and the hydrophobic faces of exposed nucleotide bases. Biochemical and cell biological analysis indicate that the Zn1 and Zn2 domains perform distinct functions. The Zn2 domain exhibits high binding affinity to DNA compared with the Zn1 domain. However, the Zn1 domain is essential for DNA-dependent PARP-1 activity in vitro and in vivo, whereas the Zn2 domain is not strictly required. Structural differences between the Zn1-DNA and Zn2-DNA complexes, combined with mutational and structural analysis, indicate that a specialized region of the Zn1 domain is re-configured through the hydrophobic interaction with exposed nucleotide bases to initiate PARP-1 activation.
Uses for Marine Mattresses in Coastal Engineering (2006)

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and fluorescein angiography (FA) are two different vascular imaging modalities widely used in clinical practice to diagnose and grade different relevant retinal pathologies. Although each of them has its advantages and disadvantages, the joint analysis of the images produced by both techniques to analyze a specific area of the retina is of increasing interest, given that they provide common and complementary visual information. However, in order to facilitate this analysis task, a previous registration of the pair of FA and OCTA images is desirable in order to superimpose their common areas and focus the gaze on the regions of interest. Normally, this task is manually carried out by the expert clinician, but it turns out to be tedious and time-consuming. Here, we present a three-stage methodology for robust multimodal registration of FA and superficial plexus OCTA images. The first one is a preprocessing stage devoted to reducing the noise and segmenting the main vessels in both types of images. The second stage uses the vessel information to do an approximate registration based on template matching. Lastly, the third stage uses an evolutionary algorithm based on differential evolution to refine the previous registration and obtain the optimal registration. The method was evaluated in a dataset with 172 pairs of FA and OCTA images, obtaining a success rate of 98.8%. The best mean execution time of the method was less than 5 s per image.
An electro-active shape memory fibre by incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (2007)

In this paper, an electro-active shape memory fibre was fabricated successively by incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT). The shape memory polyurethane (SMP–MWNT) composite was prepared by in situ polymerization and the SMP–MWNT fibre was prepared by melt spinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of the morphology revealed that the MWNTs are axially aligned and homogenously distributed in the SMP matrix, which is helpful for the fibre's electrical conductivity improvement and for the electro-active shape memory effect. At 6.0 wt% MWNT content, the prepared shape memory fibre shape recovery ratio was 75% and the fixing ratio was 77%.
Turkey's soda ash projects today, and how they got there (2015)

Soda Sanayii was Turkey's first large scale soda as producer and is the only synthetic soda ash producer in the country. It has been producing light and dense soda ash using the Solvay method since 1975 in its factory at Kazanli, a town in the greater Mersin city area. Also known as Sisecam Chemical Group, Soda Sanayii now owns several companies, operations and manufacturing facilities in Turkey, Bulgaria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Italy and China, with activities in a number of industrial chemical fields, besides soda ash.

Around 90% of the soda ash produced at Beypazari is exported. Similar to the deposits found in Wyoming in the US, Beypazari trona ore is high grade, reaching up to 87% trona in some zones. It is the third biggest buried trona deposit in the world, after Wyoming and the Kazan trona deposit, also located in Turkey. The known resource at the deposit is about 240m tonnes ore at average of grade of around 85% trona. The deposit covers an area of approximately 8km[superscript]2 with a 70-100 metre thick ore zone, composed of two trona zones separated by a barren zone. Individual trona zones have 40 centimetre to 9.45 metres-thick pure trona layers and can reach up to 40 metres in width.

After the planned capacity increase at the Beypazari soda ash plant is completed and the Kazan plant comes online with a its proposed 2.5m tpa capacity, total soda ash production in Turkey is expected be over 5m tpa, around 78% of which will be from natural sources. This will make Turkey the largest soda ash producer in Europe and the third biggest producer in the world.
A Paradigm Change: Efficient Transfection of Human Leukemia Cells by Stimuli-Responsive Multicompartment Micelles (2013)

The controlled nonviral delivery of genetic material using cationic polymers into cells has been of interest during the past three decades, yet the ideal delivery agent featuring utmost transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity still has to be developed. Here, we demonstrate that multicompartment micelles from stimuli-responsive triblock terpolymers, polybutadiene-block-poly(methacrylic acid)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (BMAAD), are promising candidates. The structures exhibit a patchy shell, consisting of amphiphilic (interpolyelectrolyte complexes, MAA and D) and cationic patches (excess D), generating a surface reminiscent to those of certain viruses and capable of undergoing pH-dependent changes in charge stoichiometry. After polyplex formation with plasmid DNA, superior transfection efficiencies can be reached for both adherent cells and human leukemia cells. Compared to the gold standard PEI, remarkable improvements and a number of advantages were identified for this system, including increased cellular uptake and an improved release of the genetic material, accompanied by fast and efficient endosomal escape. Furthermore, high sedimentation rates might be beneficial regarding in vitro applications.
Experimental results for interference between Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b DSSS systems (2002)

There is an increasing presence of wireless LAN devices in the ISM band. Co-located operation of these devices causes mutual interference and performance degradation. This paper presents experimental results of interference measurements between sample Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b DS-SS devices.
On Resampling Detection and its Application to Detect Image Tampering (2006)

Usually digital image forgeries are created by copy-pasting a portion of an image onto some other image. While doing so, it is often necessary to resize the pasted portion of the image to suit the sampling grid of the host image. The resampling operation changes certain characteristics of the pasted portion, which when detected serves as a clue of tampering. In this paper, we present deterministic techniques to detect resampling, and localize the portion of the image that has been tampered with. Two of the techniques are in pixel domain and two others in frequency domain. We study the efficacy of our techniques against JPEG compression and subsequent resampling of the entire tampered image
Information Fusion and Response Guidance (2007)

The uncertain and disparate information sources needed to properly assess potential threats, and the relatively untrained and inexperienced users, make development of decision support technologies critical for full realization of the value of chemical and biological (CB) defense technologies. Lincoln Laboratory is pursuing several research and development efforts in decision support for CB defense. We discuss here fusion of information sources in the context of several example algorithmic efforts, and describe applications such as decision support for mail screening and detection of biological agents in a subway station. Chemical and biological (CB) detection technologies have become more mature, and some are now available for operational use. As the sensor availability has increased, so too has the realization that the interpretation of the sensor output is nontrivial. The sensor data can be coupled with non-sensor information about the operational and environmental conditions prevailing at the time of the sensor’s output. We refer to this combined information—from sources such as intelligence, adversary or agent dissemination surveillance, weather conditions, and situational vulnerabilities—as contextual information. For example, a battlefield chemical sensor alert may be interpreted differently if additional contextual information indicates that there was an artillery shell that landed upwind of the sensor position in the recent past. What is needed is information fusion—that is, the intelligent combination of multiple information sources to enhance the decision maker’s understanding of the data and its implications. The mere combination of this information through networking, communications, databases, and displays does not constitute true information fusion.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 in the aqueous humour of patients with age‐related macular degeneration (2011)

Elevated levels of inflammation-related cytokines in the aqueous humour in various stages of age-related macular degeneration may suggest a pathogenic role of inflammation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 may be indicative of the angiogenic phase. Further corroborative studies are required.
A Pilot Study (2018)

A declared aim in prosthetic research is enabling physical and psychological integration of robotic limbs into a user»s body schema. The rubber hand illusion (RHI) gives insight into the impact of sensory feedback and its multisensory integration on embodiment which can be used in wearable robot design, e. g. prosthetic hands. This paper presents a pilot study using a robotic hand and shows its ability to induce a robotic hand illusion (RobHI). Two activity levels were tested and found to be sucessful in eliciting an illusion. Future research will concentrate on the impact of participants» control of the robotic hand and reception of sensory feedback on the elicitation of an illusion and subsequently on embodiment. Further research plans are envisioned to profit from the advances that have been made in human-computer interaction concerning users» needs and their importance in satisfying interaction scenarios.
Delineation of canine parvovirus T cell epitopes with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T cell clones from immunized dogs (1990)

Three synthetic peptides derived from the amino acid sequence of VP2 of canine parvovirus (CPV) which were recently shown to represent three distinct T cell epitopes for BALB/c mice could prime BALB/c mice for a CPV-specific proliferative T cell response upon immunization. Proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from CPV-immunized dogs upon stimulation with these and other peptides, covering the major part of the sequence of VP2', identified the presence of T cell epitopes for this species. Most of these epitopes were recognized by PBMC from only a minority of the dogs tested. With three newly generated canine Thyl+ T cell clones, which recognized CPV antigen in association with major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, two distinct T cell epitopes were identified within the unique sequence of VP1.
A HgCdTe detector/FPA/sensor model for evaluation of VLWIR to SWIR sensors with an assessment of SWIR sensors for strategic and tactical missions (2006)

This model was developed to provide a means for comparative assessments of HgCdTe FPA's and sensors operating in the infrared spectral bands that coincide with the atmospheric windows - (SW1(1.5-1.8μ), SW2(2-2.5μ), MW(3-5μ), and LW(8-12μ). As a true imaging model it also functions as an assessment tool for single-band imagery and for multi-color imagery. The HgCdTe model characterizes both n-on-p and p-on-n homojunctions and heterostructures. Diffusion and depletion dark currents and RoA's are calculated for the three common configurations (mesa heterojunction, planar ionimplanted or diffused junction, and the vertically integrated photodiode). The model places the specified FPA into an optical system, evaluates system performance (NEI, NETD, MRTD, and SNR) and creates two-point corrected imagery complete with 3D noise image effects. This model was exercised here as a predictive tool for performance of state-of-the- art detector arrays in optical systems in the four spectral bands (atmospheric windows) from the SW to the MW (1.5- 1.8, 2.0-2.5, 3.4-4.2 and 4.5-5.0 um) which are the bands commonly considered for hot target and plume exhaust detection. Results from the literature and model runs for various target and scene sets show promise for HgCdTe FPA's and sensors developed for the 2-2.5 μm band for a variety of missions such as threat detection from UAV or satellite platforms, perimeter defense, and high-altitude intercepts.
Efficient Space-Vector Modulation Algorithm for Multilevel Converters with Low Switching Frequencies in the Devices (2006)

This paper presents a novel space-vector modulation scheme that can be processed quickly by a digital-signal processor, in addition to achieving minimum switching frequencies in the devices of the converter. The modulation algorithm takes advantage of symmetry in the space-vector diagram to process all the calculations within the first sextant. An equivalent reference vector in this sextant is used for the calculation of duty cycles and the definition of optimal sequences of vectors. By simply interchanging the final states of the legs of the inverter of this equivalent vector generates the original reference vector in the corresponding sextant. The total number of switching steps in the final sequences is preserved; thus, optimal sequences of vectors need only be defined in the first sextant. This strategy is especially attractive for multilevel converters in which the total number of vectors and sequences is very high. Furthermore, since multilevel converters are usually applied to high-power systems, reducing the switching frequencies of the devices is an important goal. Efficiency of the modulation algorithm is verified in the three-level converter by simulation and experiment