gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the statistics of turbulence: Fried parameter estimation from the wavefront sensor measurements (2011)

Near-the-ground laser communication systems must operate in the presence of strong atmospheric turbulence. The effects of atmospheric turbulence on the laser beam that are relevant to optical communications are a broadening of the laser footprint, random jitter of the laser beam, and high spatial frequency intensity fluctuations referred to as scintillation. The overall goal of our program is to improve the performance and extend the range of optical communications systems by exploring the use of adaptive optics and channel coding. Knowledge of the turbulence conditions and the ability to describe its properties are the key aspects to make these improvements effective. The developed multiphase approach is directed to statistically describe atmospheric turbulence based on results derived from experimentally collected data. Statistics of Fried parameter r(0) is derived from 6 TB of data collected over 50 days, and under various day and night atmospheric conditions. Significant fluctuations of r(0) are found with the values ranging from 2 mm and up to 15 cm, corresponding to the significant structure function Cn2 fluctuations from 7.4×10(-14) to 8.1×10(-16).
High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Levels in the Placenta and in Serum in Preeclampsia (2011)

Inflammation provoked by HMGB1 is likely to be involved in the proinflammatory process in preeclamptic placenta. Further studies are needed to elucidate the precise role of HMGB1 in preeclampsia.
Synthetic Evidence for the Stereochemistry of Isocitric Acid and Alloisocitric Acid Mechanism of cis-Aconitase Action (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic Evidence for the Stereochemistry of Isocitric Acid and Alloisocitric Acid Mechanism of cis-Aconitase ActionOscar Gawron, Andrew J. Glaid III, Anthony LoMonte, and Senophia GaryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 21, 5856–5860Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01554a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01554a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Poly‐<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‐diethylacrylamide prepared by group transfer polymerization: Synthesis, characterization, and solution properties (1994)

Abstract The conditions for preparing poly‐ N , N ‐diethylacrylamide by group transfer polymerization (GTP) were investigated. While electrophiles did not catalyze the reaction, various nucleophilic substances could be used for that purpose. By using an appropriate initiator, either an ester or a carboxylic acid end group could be formed. The highest yields in the first case were obtained using tetrabutylammonium acetate and dimethylketene methyl trimethylsilyl acetal as catalyst and initiator, respectively, while the use of the corresponding bistrimethylsilyl compound as initiator gave polymers, albeit at lower yields, which carried the acidic end group. The 1 H‐NMR, 13 C‐NMR, and IR spectra of the polymers were taken and used together with information obtained with soft‐ionization mass spectrometric methods (MALDI‐MS, ESI‐MS, and FD‐MS) to elucidate molecule structure, apparent molecular weight distribution, polydispersity, and possible mechanisms of the termination reaction. The poly‐ N , N ‐diethylacrylamide prepared, showed an inverse temperature dependency in its water‐solubility, with a lower critical solution temperature between 29.8°C and 30°C. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reducing operating costs for struvite formation with a carbon dioxide stripper (2008)

One of the major operational costs of phosphorus recovery as struvite is the cost of caustic chemical that is added to maintain a desired level of operative pH. A study was conducted at the Lulu Island Wastewater Treatment Plant (LIWWTP), Richmond, BC, using a struvite crystallizer and a cascade stripper designed at the University of British Columbia (UBC). The stripper was tested under different operating conditions to determine the effectiveness of CO(2) stripping in increasing the pH of the water matrix and thereby reducing caustic chemical use. This reduction is expected to reduce the operational costs of struvite production. Throughout the project, a high percentage (90%) of phosphorus removal was achieved under each condition. The cascade stripper was very effective in saving caustic usage, ranging from 35% to 86%, depending on the operating conditions. However, the stripper showed relatively poor performance regarding ammonia stripping.
Transventricular balloon dilation and stenting of the RVOT in small infants with tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary atresia (2012)

Transventricular balloon dilation and stenting of the RVOT through medial sternotomy as initial palliation strategy appears a safe and well tolerated alternative treatment in small infants with TOF with PA and a hypoplastic pulmonary trunk.
Enhancement of the spermidine uptake system and lethal effects of spermidine overaccumulation in ornithine decarboxylase-overproducing L1210 cells under hyposmotic stress. (1993)

The D-R cell subline, an ornithine decarboxylase-overproducing variant of L1210 mouse leukemia cells, shows a growth advantage at low osmolality due to its high putrescine content. We tested the ability of spermidine to fulfill the role of putrescine under hyposmotic conditions. Although spermidine (1-30 microM) had no effect on growth under normosmotic conditions (325 mosm/kg), it was strongly inhibitory to D-R cell proliferation at 150 mosm/kg in a concentration-dependent manner. Hypotonic shock greatly increased the rate of spermidine uptake in D-R cells. The increased spermidine content enhanced total putrescine synthesis through a large induction of cytosolic spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity but also promoted the excretion of most of the putrescine synthesized by the cells. Delaying the addition of spermidine until 24 h after hypotonic shock resulted in a much sharper decrease in D-R cell viability and strongly depressed polyamine contents. These lethal effects occurred between 8 and 24 h after spermidine addition and followed a dramatic increase in the rate and extent of spermidine accumulation which overrode the metabolic capacity of the N1-acetyltransferase/polyamine oxidase (PAO) pathway. Inhibition of PAO partly reversed the effect of spermidine on growth when the polyamine was added at the time of hypotonic shock, but not 24 h later. Similar experiments performed with alpha-methylspermidine, a metabolically resistant analog, which can completely fulfill cellular requirements for spermidine in normosmotic media, suggested that the lethal effect of a delayed spermidine addition is caused predominantly by excessive accumulation with a minor contribution resulting from stress due to polyamine oxidase activity. In contrast, in hypotonically shocked L1210 cells, spermidine stimulated cell proliferation (albeit less effectively than putrescine), there was no lethal effect of a delayed addition of alpha-methylspermidine, and there was no time-dependent increase in the rate of alpha-methylspermidine uptake. Thus, the spermidine transport system is strongly enhanced by hyposmotic shock in D-R cells, which can result in extensive cell death from overaccumulation of the polyamine and, to a lesser extent, from stress related to the PAO-catalyzed degradation of N1-acetylspermidine. The absence of these effects in parental L1210 cells indicates that the acquisition of an ornithine decarboxylase-overproducing phenotype also involves major modifications in the expression and/or regulation of polyamine transport.
Dual Luciferase Assay System for Rapid Assessment of Gene Expression in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2005)

A new reporter system has been developed for quantifying gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The system relies on two different reporter genes, Renilla and firefly luciferase, to evaluate regulated gene expression. The gene encoding Renilla luciferase is fused to a constitutive promoter (PGK1 or SPT15) and integrated into the yeast genome at the CAN1 locus as a control for normalizing the assay. The firefly luciferase gene is fused to the test promoter and integrated into the yeast genome at the ura3 or leu2 locus. The dual luciferase assay is performed by sequentially measuring the firefly and Renilla luciferase activities of the same sample, with the results expressed as the ratio of firefly to Renilla luciferase activity (Fluc/Rluc). The yeast dual luciferase reporter (DLR) was characterized and shown to be very efficient, requiring approximately 1 minute to complete each assay, and has proven to yield data that accurately and reproducibly reflect promoter activity. A series of integrating plasmids were generated that contain either the firefly or Renilla luciferase gene preceded by a multi-cloning region in two different orientations and the three reading frames to make possible the generation of translational fusions. Additionally, each set of plasmids contains either the URA3 or LEU2 marker for genetic selection in yeast. A series of S288C-based yeast strains, including a two-hybrid strain, were developed to facilitate the use of the yeast DLR assay. This assay can be readily adapted to a high-throughput platform for studies requiring numerous measurements.
Text document authentication by integrating inter character and word spaces watermarking (2005)

A method for watermarking on text document images to authenticate the owner or authorized user is proposed. The proposed method makes use of the integrated inter character and word spaces for watermark embedding. An overlapping component which is of size three is utilized, whereby the relationship of the left and right spaces of the character is employed for the watermark embedding. The integrity of the document can be ensured by comparing the hash value of the character components of the document before and after watermark embedding, which can be applied to other line shifting and word-shifting methods as well. While the authenticity of the document can be ensured by generating the Gold-like sequence, which takes the secret key of the authorized user/owner as the seed value, and it is subsequently XORed with hash value of the character components of the document to generate the content-based watermark. The capacity of the watermark has increased compared with conventional line shifting and word shifting methods. Retrieval of the watermark does not require the presence of the original text document image. Discussions on the cons and pros of the method are also provided. Experimental results are given to validate the arguments.
Power Integrity Modeling and Design for Semiconductors and Systems (2007)

The First Comprehensive, Example-Rich Guide to Power Integrity ModelingProfessionals such as signal integrity engineers, package designers, and system architects need to thoroughly understand signal and power integrity issues in order to successfully design packages and boards for high speed systems. Now, for the first time, there's a complete guide to power integrity modeling: everything you need to know, from the basics through the state of the art.Using realistic case studies and downloadable software examples, two leading experts demonstrate today's best techniques for designing and modeling interconnects to efficiently distribute power and minimize noise.The authors carefully introduce the core concepts of power distribution design, systematically present and compare leading techniques for modeling noise, and link these techniques to specific applications. Their many examples range from the simplest (using analytical equations to compute power supply noise) through complex system-level applications.The authors Introduce power delivery network components, analysis, high-frequency measurement, and modeling requirements Thoroughly explain modeling of power/ground planes, including plane behavior, lumped modeling, distributed circuit-based approaches, and much more Offer in-depth coverage of simultaneous switching noise, including modeling for return currents using time- and frequency-domain analysis Introduce several leading time-domain simulation methods, such as macromodeling, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages Present the application of the modeling methods on several advanced case studies that include high-speed servers, high-speed differential signaling, chip package analysis, materials characterization, embedded decoupling capacitors, and electromagnetic bandgap structures This book's system-level focus and practical examples will make it indispensable for every student and professional concerned with power integrity, including electrical engineers, system designers, signal integrity engineers, and materials scientists. It will also be valuable to developers building software that helps to analyze high-speed systems.
Screening for cytochrome P450 expression in <i>Pichia pastoris</i> whole cells by P450‐carbon monoxide complex determination (2012)

Abstract Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are useful biocatalysts for the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. A high‐throughput method for quantification of CYP expression in yeast is needed in order to fully exploit the yeast expression system. Carbon monoxide (CO) difference spectra of whole cells have been successfully used for the quantification of heterologous CYP expressed in Escherichia coli in the 96‐well format; however, very few researchers have shown whole‐cell CO difference spectra with yeast cells using 1‐cm path length. Spectral interference from the native hemoproteins often obscures the P450 peak, challenging functional CYP quantification in whole yeast cells. For the first time, we describe the high‐throughput determination of CO difference spectra using whole cells in the 96‐well format for the quantification of CYP genes expressed in Pichia pastoris. Very little interference from the hemoproteins of P. pastoris enabled CYP quantification even at relatively low expression levels. P. pastoris strains carrying a single copy or three copies of both hCPR and CYP2D6 integrated into the chromosomal DNA were used to establish the method in 96‐well format, allowing to detect quantities of CYP2D6 as low as 6 nmol gCDW –1 and 12 pmol per well. Finally, the established method was successfully demonstrated and used to screen P. pastoris clones expressing Candida CYP52A13.
<title>Statistical models of appearance for medical image analysis and computer vision</title> (2001)

Statistical models of shape and appearance are powerful tools for interpreting medical images. We assume a training set of images in which corresponding landmark points have been marked on every image. From this data we can compute a statistical model of the shape variation, a model of the texture variation and a model of the correlations between shape and texture. With enough training examples such models should be able to synthesize any image of normal anatomy. By finding the parameters which optimize the match between a synthesized model image and a target image we can locate all the structures represented by the model. Two approaches to the matching will be described. The Active Shape Model essentially matches a model to boundaries in an image. The Active Appearance Model finds model parameters which synthesize a complete image which is as similar as possible to the target image. By using a difference decomposition approach the current difference between target image and synthesized model image can be used to update the model parameters, leading to rapid matching of complex models. We will demonstrate the application of such models to a variety of different problems.
[Establishment and characterization of a human ureteral cancer cell line producing carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen]. (1991)

We established a new cell line (FU-UrC-1) derived from a human primary ureteral carcinoma xenografted in a nude mouse. This cell line exhibited epithelial characteristics and formed clusters in monolayer cultures. The cells were subcultured in vitro for more than 20 passages and had a doubling time of 53 hours. The modal number of chromosomes was 66. The cell line, which was xenografted again to nude mice, produced tumors essentially identical to the original tumor. Furthermore, the cultured cells expressed carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that were secreted in the culture media. This cell line appears to provide a useful system for studying ureteral carcinoma in vivo and in vitro.
Verlaine Shoes (1996)

it to Borges Travel when too many people confused the name with a lost-and-found
Polymerization by Hydrosilation. 2. Preparation and Characterization of High Molecular Weight Poly[(1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxanyl)ethylene] from 1,3-Dihydridotetramethyldisiloxane and 1,3-Divinyltetramethyldisiloxane (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization by Hydrosilation. 2. Preparation and Characterization of High Molecular Weight Poly[(1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxanyl)ethylene] from 1,3-Dihydridotetramethyldisiloxane and 1,3-DivinyltetramethyldisiloxanePetar R. Dvornic, Vesna V. Gerov, and Milutin N. GovedaricaCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 26, 7575–7580Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00104a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00104a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views370Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Classes of Nonseparable, Spatio-Temporal Stationary Covariance Functions (1999)

Abstract Suppose that a random process Z(s;t), indexed in space and time, has spatio-temporal stationary covariance C(h;u), where h ∈ ℝd (d ≥ 1) is a spatial lag and u ∈ ℝ is a temporal lag. Separable spatio-temporal covariances have the property that they can be written as a product of a purely spatial covariance and a purely temporal covariance. Their ease of definition is counterbalanced by the rather limited class of random processes to which they correspond. In this article we derive a new approach that allows one to obtain many classes of nonseparable, spatio-temporal stationary covariance functions and fit several such classes to spatio-temporal data on wind speed over a region in the tropical western Pacific ocean.
A Mechanical Torque Converter, and Its Use as an Automobile Transmission (1976)

SYNOPSIS A torque converter is described in which the prime mover is directly coupled to a pulsator unit which produces an alternating torque. Sprag-type clutches are used to rectify this torque and to transmit it to the converter output shaft. A developed version of this basic design for use as an automobile automatic transmission is described and theoretical and experimental performance curves are given which show that an automobile drive is possible which approaches a manual transmission for fuel consumption and performance.
Appearance management and cue fusion for 3D model-based tracking (2003)

This paper presents a systematic approach to acquiring model appearance information online for monocular model-based tracking. The acquired information is used to drive a set of complementary imaging cues to obtain a highly discriminatory observation model. Appearance is modeled as a Markov random field of color distributions over the model surface. The online acquisition process estimates appearance-based on uncertain image measurements and is designed to greatly reduce the chance of mapping non-object image data onto the model. Confidences about the different appearance driven imaging cues are estimated in order to adaptively balance the contributions of the different cues. The discriminatory power of the resulting model is good enough to allow long-duration single-hypothesis model-based tracking with no prior appearance information. Careful evaluation based on real and semi-synthetic video sequences shows that the presented algorithm is able to robustly track a wide variety of targets under challenging conditions.