gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detecting Online Harassment in Social Networks (2014)

Online Harassment is the process of sending messages over electronic media to cause psychological harm to a victim. In this paper, we propose a pattern-based approach to detect such messages. Since user generated texts contain noisy language, we perform a normalization step first to transform the words into their canonical forms. Additionally, we introduce a person identification module that marks phrases which relate to a person. Our results show that these preprocessing steps increase the classification performance. The pattern-based classifier uses the information provided by the preprocessing steps to detect patterns that connect a person to profane words. This technique achieves a substantial improvement compared to existing approaches. Finally, we discuss the portability of our approach to Social Networks and its possible contribution to tackle the abuse of such applications for the distribution of Online Harassment.
Single crystal silicon (SCS) micromirror arrays using deep silicon etching and IR alignment (2002)

10/spl times/10 and 5/spl times/5, a high mirror fill factor (>70%), low voltage operation (<30 V), single crystal silicon (SCS) micromirror arrays have been designed, fabricated, and tested. Each mirror is 320 /spl mu/m by 170 /spl mu/m and is individually addressable. In comparison to thin film micro-mirror arrays, the SCS mirror surface is optically flat and smooth, free of residual stress, and highly reflective after the deposition of a thin aluminum layer. In addition to a flat mirror, high-aspect-ratio grating structures have been fabricated on the surface of the mirrors, enhancing the optical manipulation potential of devices.
Estimation of the left ventricular ejection fraction using a novel multiphase, dark-blood, breath-hold MR imaging technique. (1997)

In this paper, we evaluate a recently proposed dual-phase dark-blood MR sequence for estimating the left ventricular ejection fraction, compare Simpson's method of estimation of ejection fraction with a model based on the biplane method, assess the reproducibility of both methods, and finally, test a semiautomated method for contouring the endocardial border.An MR pulse sequence was implemented to acquire cardiac images in both diastolic and systolic phases within a single breath-hold. A special magnetization preparation scheme rendered blood dark while a segmented acquisition allowed breath-hold scan times. Five healthy volunteers and five patients with cardiac disease were imaged. Ejection fractions were estimated using (1) long-axis and four-chamber biplane views with an ellipsoid model and (2) a series of short-axis views in combination with Simpson's model. These values of ejection fractions were then compared with values obtained from echocardiography.Estimates of ejection fractions obtained using biplane ellipsoid volume and Simpson's rule methods varied by 14% in healthy volunteers. However, for patients with severe cardiomyopathy, differences between the values of ejection fraction obtained with the two methods varied by as much as 150%. Ejection fraction estimates obtained from MR images with the biplane ellipsoid method and from echocardiography varied by approximately 14% for all subjects. Ejection fraction estimates obtained with the semiautomated algorithm agreed well with estimates obtained with manual contours made by experienced radiologists. Intraobserver variability was low for both the short-axis (3%) and biplane (4%) methods. However, interobserver variability of the biplane method (12%) exceeded that of the short-axis method (4%). Interexamination variability (9%) was the largest factor in determining the reproducibility of the ejection fraction estimates.Breath-hold dark-blood MR imaging technique with simultaneous acquisition of a series of short-axis views during systolic and diastolic phases permits rapid and accurate estimates of ejection fractions in healthy subjects and in patients. Model based biplane MR imaging methods are less reliable in patients with global cardiomyopathy. The estimation of ejection fractions can be automated using the proposed contouring algorithm and the dark-blood short-axis views.
Copolymerization of normal type I collagen with three mutated type I collagens containing substitutions of cysteine at different glycine positions in the alpha 1 (I) chain. (1992)

Previous observations with type I collagen from a proband with lethal osteogenesis imperfecta demonstrated that type I collagen containing a substitution of cysteine for glycine alpha 1-748 copolymerized with normal type I collagen (Kadler, K. E., Torre-Blanco, A., Adachi, E., Vogel, B. E., Hojima, Y., and Prockop, D. J. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 5081-5088). Here, three preparations containing normal type I procollagen and type I procollagen with a substitution of cysteine for glycine alpha 1-175, glycine alpha 1-691, or glycine alpha 1-988 were purified from cultured skin fibroblasts from probands with osteogenesis imperfecta. The procollagens were then used as substrates in a system for assaying the self-assembly of type I collagen into fibrils. The cysteine-substituted collagens in all three preparations were incorporated into fibrils. The cysteine alpha 1-175 and cysteine alpha 1-691 collagens were shown to increase the lag time and decrease the propagation rate constant for fibril assembly. All three preparations containing cysteine-substituted collagens formed fibrils with diameters that were two to four times the diameter of fibrils formed under the same conditions by normal type I collagen. Also, the three preparations containing cysteine substituted collagens had higher solubilities than normal type I collagen. The results, therefore, demonstrated that the three cysteine-substituted collagens copolymerized with normal type I collagen. The effects of the mutated collagens on fibril assembly can be understood in terms of a recently proposed model of fibril growth from symmetrical tips by assuming that the mutated monomers partially inhibit tip growth but not lateral growth of the fibrils. Of special interest was the observation that the Cys alpha 1-175 collagen from a proband with a non-lethal variant of osteogenesis imperfecta had quantitatively less effect on several parameters of fibril assembly at 37 degrees C than cysteine-substituted collagens from three probands with lethal variants of the disease.
Synthesis and nucleophilic and photochemical reactions of F-adamantanone (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and nucleophilic and photochemical reactions of F-adamantanoneJames L. Adcock and Huimin LuoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 15, 4297–4300Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00041a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00041a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High or Low Oxygen Saturation and Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis (2010)

Among preterm infants with a gestational age of < or = 32 weeks, early low and late high oxygen saturation were associated with a reduced risk for severe ROP. We feel that a large randomized clinical trial with long-term developmental follow-up is warranted to confirm this meta-analytic result.
Secure Outsourcing of Some Computations (1996)

The rapid growth of the Internet facilitates the outsourcing of certain computations, in the following sense: A customer who needs these computations done on some data but lacks the computational resources (or programming expertise) to do so, can use an external agent to perform these computations. This currently arises in many practical situations, including the financial services and petroleum services industries. The outsourcing is secure if it is done without revealing to the agent either the actual data or the actual answer to the computation. In this paper we describe how representative operations matrix multiplication, matrix inversion, solution of a linear system of equations, convolution, and sorting can be securely outsourced in a practical sense. The general idea is for the customer to do some carefully designed local preprocessing of the data before sending it to the agent, and also some local postprocessing of the answer returned by the agent to extract from it the true answer. The pre- and postprocessing should not take time more than proportional to the size of the input, which is unavoidable because the customer must at least read the input once. The purpose of the preprocessing step that the customer performs locally is to &quot;hide&quot; the real data with suitably chosen noise, sending to the agent the obfuscated data. The purpose of the postprocessing is to extract from the noisy answer returned by the agent the true answer that the customer seeks.
One step method to produce hydrogen by a triple stack amorphous silicon solar cell (1989)

A new direct one step method to split the water into hydrogen and oxygen by using a triple stack amorphous silicon solar cell with an n-i-p-n-i-p-n-i-p structure is reported. The ruthenium oxide layer, which is directly painted on the back surface of the solar cell, catalytically aids the evolution of the oxygen. The isolated islands of platinum deposited on the top side of the cell materially help the production of hydrogen. The conversion efficiency of 5% of solar to chemical energy in steady state is achieved under simulated AM1, 100 mW/cm2 solar radiation.
Simultaneous beam steering of multiple signals based on optical wavelength selective switch (2014)

A novel photonics-based scheme for the independent and simultaneous beam steering of multiple RF signals at a wideband phased array antenna is presented. A wavelength selective switch is employed both as a wavelength router to feed multiple antenna elements, and as a tunable phase shifter to independently control the phase of each signal at any antenna element. In the experiment, two signals at 12.5GHz and 37.5GHz are simultaneously fed to the four output ports of the wavelength selective switch with independent and tunable phase shifts, emulating the independent steering of two signals in a four-element phased-array antenna. The results confirm the precision and flexibility of the proposed scheme.
Multiresolutional encoding and decoding in embedded image and video coders (2002)

We address multiresolutional encoding and decoding within the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) framework for both images and video. By varying a resolution parameter, one can obtain decoded images at different resolutions from one single encoded bitstream, which is already rate scalable for EZW coders. Similarly one can decode video sequences at different rates and different spatial and temporal resolutions from one bitstream. Furthermore, a layered bitstream can be generated with multiresolutional encoding, from which the higher resolution layers can be used to increase the spatial/temporal resolution of the images/video obtained from the low resolution layer. In other words, we have achieved full scalability in rate and partial scalability in space and time. This added spatial/temporal scalability is significant for emerging multimedia applications such as fast decoding, image/video database browsing, telemedicine, multipoint video conferencing, and distance learning.
A unified mathematical model for spatial scrambling based secure wireless transmission and its wiretap method (2011)

The spatial scrambling based secure wireless transmission methods, such as artificial noise and antenna array weighted randomly, can secure wireless transmission at the physical layer. They have a common physical essence, that is, the private message is transmitted in the desired direction while deliberate interference is transmitted in other orthogonal directions. Unfortunately, the interference is not white in spatial domain due to the limitation of the transmit antenna number. A eavesdropper can eliminate the directional interferences by the aid of multiple antennas. In this paper, a unified mathematical model for the above physical-layer methods is established, based on which, a MUSIC-like wiretap algorithm is proposed by exploiting the finite alphabet property of communication symbols. Simulation results show that if the eavesdropper has more antennas than that of the transmitter, the proposed algorithm can intercept information effectively.
A Commutative Replicated Data Type for Cooperative Editing (2009)

A commutative replicated data type (CRDT) is one where all concurrent operations commute. The replicas of a CRDT converge automatically, without complex concurrency control. This paper describes Treedoc, a novel CRDT design for cooperative text editing. An essential property is that the identifiers of Treedoc atoms are selected from a dense space. We discuss practical alternatives for implementing the identifier space based on an extended binary tree. We also discuss storage alternatives for data and meta-data, and mechanisms for compacting the tree. In the best case, Treedoc incurs no overhead with respect to a linear text buffer. We validate the results with traces from existing edit histories.
Error analysis of phase retrieval method combining global and local approaches (2013)

This paper deals with an error analysis of the phase retrieval algorithm combining the minimization method based on global optimization and the iterative method representing the local approach. The method exploits amplitude measurements on two planes placed in different distances from the measured antenna. In the paper, robustness of the algorithm is investigated and according to this some recommendations regarding the method and measurement are discussed.
Ptz control with head tracking for video chat (2009)

This paper describes a user interface for video chat that is capable of panning, tilting, and zooming (PTZ) operation using head tracking. The approach is to map a captured 3D position from head tracker to PTZ parameters of a remote camera so that a user can intuitively change the view just as people change their sight by moving their head. The preliminary user study gave encouraging results and clarified the point for further improvement.
Electrical resistivity in Zr48Nb8Cu12Fe8Be24 glassy and crystallized alloys (2004)

The electrical resistivity of Zr48Nb8Cu12Fe8Be24 bulk metallic glassy and crystallized alloys in the temperature range of 4.2–293 K is investigated. It is found that the resistivity in glassy and crystallized states shows opposite temperature coefficients. For the metallic glass, the resistivity shows a negative logarithmic dependence at temperatures below 16 K, whereas it has more normal behavior for the crystallized alloy. At higher temperatures, the resistivity in both glassy and crystallized alloys shows dependence upon both T and T2, but the signs of the T and T2 terms are opposite. The results are interpreted in terms of scattering from two-level tunneling states in glasses and the generalized Ziman diffraction model.
Palmitoyl Acyltransferase zD17 Mediates Neuronal Responses in Acute Ischemic Brain Injury by Regulating JNK Activation in a Signaling Module (2011)

Although the palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) zinc-finger DHHC containing 17 (zD17) has been implicated in genetic neurological disorders by regulating protein palmitoylation, the role of zD17 in acute brain injury remains unknown. Here, we report that zD17 contributes to acute ischemic brain injury via a mechanism independent of its PAT activity. We have found that zD17 directly interacts with c-Jun N terminus kinase (JNK) to form a signaling module for JNK activation. Pathological stressors induce the zD17-JNK interaction, which promotes downstream neuronal cell death signals. We have developed novel peptides targeting the JNK-interacting motif on zD17 to selectively block the enhancement of the zD17-JNK interaction and the activation of JNK isoforms 2 and 3. Application of these peptides successfully blocks JNK activation and neuronal cell death pathways, protects cultured neurons from excitotoxicity, and dramatically reduces brain damage and behavioral deficits in a rat model of focal ischemic stroke. Our findings indicate zD17 as a key player in ischemic stroke and suggest the potential therapeutic value of targeting the zD17-JNK interaction for acute brain injury.
In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of propentofylline on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity. (1985)

1-(5'-Oxohexyl)-3-methyl-7-propylxanthine (propentofylline), a vasoactive agent, was investigated for its in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases activity. Soluble cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases from the cerebral cortex, heart muscle, descending aorta and platelet showed two Km values, high and low. The low Km values were in the range of 2.1-3.0 mumol/l and the high Km values were 111, 28.7, 30.2 and 18.7 mumol/l, respectively. Propentofylline inhibited the enzyme from the 4 tissues noncompetitively. Ki values for the low and high Km cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases were 83.4-135 and 107-188 mumol/l, respectively. In the four tissues, the enzyme inhibitory effect of propentofylline was 1/4 to 1/10 times that of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) but 3-9 and 6-17 times as potent as those of theophylline and caffeine, respectively. The in vivo cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitory effect of propentofylline was determined in mice using an elevation of plasma cyclic AMP levels as a measure. When given both singly and in combination with isoprenaline (isoproterenol), propentofylline was a potent inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in the case of intravenous administration.
A versatile monomer for polyelectrolytes via romp (1996)

Polyelectrolytes are candidates for organic batteries and synthetic membrane materials. Our approach lo polyelectrolytes involves the synthesis and study of novel anionic polymers. Novak and Grubbs first established ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) in water solutions as a method of forming low polydispersity, stable polymers with semirigid backbone structures.
Emission characteristics of ultrasharp cold field emitters (1994)

We have examined the field emission characteristics of oxygen-processed and thermal-field buildup W 〈111〉 tips. Good emission angular confinement was found to correlate with the global geometry of the tip. Emission stability was related to the atomic arrangement at the apex. This phenomenon is described by the different driving forces for atomic surface diffusion. We also showed that tip apexes can be engineered to form flat (111) facets at the tip end for improved stability.
Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions with a thin FeTa insertion layer for 400 °C thermal stability (2017)

We report a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (p-MTJ) with a thin FeTa insertion layer showing good thermal stability against 400 °C. Spherical-aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (Cs-corrected STEM) was utilized to analyze its atomic-level structures, revealing that the good-thermal-stability p-MTJ with a FeTa insertion layer exhibited a clear interface between the body-centered-cubic (bcc) (001) CoFeB reference layer and the face-centered-cubic (fcc) (111) (Co/Pt) multilayers. It was concluded that the control of the interface between these two different lattices is the key to realizing good p-MTJ thermal stability against the 400 °C back-end-of-line process.
Instantaneous Voltage Regulated Seamless Transfer Control Strategy for Utility-interconnected Fuel cell Inverters with an LCL-filter (2006)

This paper proposes a new control strategy for the transition between grid-tied mode and off-grid mode of the utility interconnected fuel cell inverters with an LCL filter. During the transition from grid-tied mode to stand-alone mode, the inverter control is switched to voltage-controlled mode from the beginning of the transition, using inverter instantaneous output voltage regulation to reduce the output grid current of the inverter quickly, so that the static transfer switch is turned off immediately and the inverter maintain a continuous voltage output. It will result in a short transition time and minimum voltage fluctuation on the load. The algorithm is described along with their transition performances. Simulations and experiments on a 5 kW fuel cell inverter prototype are provided to validate the algorithm
Compression Arthrodesis of the Ankle by Triangular External Fixation: An Improved Technique (1989)

In this preliminary report, the authors present a new application of an external tubular fixation system for compression arthrodesis of the ankle. A triangular ankle fusion frame was designed that provides rigid immobilization of the tibiotalar joint, with midfoot control provided by a metatarsal pin. Over the past 3 years, the authors have used this device to achieve solid tibiotalar arthrodesis in 12 of 14 patients. The surgical method, including step-by-step construction and application of the triangular ankle fusion frame, is presented. Early results suggest a nearly 90% union rate, including reoperative cases for failed primary fusion.
The blood compatibility of chitosan and <i>N</i>‐acylchitosans (1985)

A segment of silk polyfilament suture [No. 2-0(USP)], ca. 10 cm long, was coated with a thin membrane (2-6 micron) of chitosan, N-acetylchitosan, or N-hexanoylchitosan. The suture was directly inserted into the lumen of dog's peripheral veins. The in vivo blood compatibility of these membranes was macroscopically determined from the blood coagulum formed on the membrane surface at 2 h. An intense thick blood coagulum formed on the chitosan membrane surface and a thin blood coagulum formed on N-acetylchitosan membrane surface, but no blood coagulum formed on N-hexanoylchitosan membrane surface.
[Intermittent negative pressure aspiration in the treatment of chronic pneumothorax with report of 35 cases]. (1990)

The authors reported 35 cases of chronic pneumothorax who failed to the treatment with bed rest, gas aspiration from cavity and simple closed drainage. In order to re-expand the collapsed lung, intermittent negative pressure aspiration and periodic injection of drugs into pleural cavity was performed with good results. During and after the negative pressure aspiration. There was no severe side effect such as hypotension, shock.
Rule-based Syntactic Preprocessing for Syntax-based Machine Translation (2014)

Several preprocessing techniques using syntactic information and linguistically motivated rules have been proposed to improve the quality of phrase-based machine translation (PBMT) output. On the other hand, there has been little work on similar techniques in the context of other translation formalisms such as syntax-based SMT. In this paper, we examine whether the sort of rule-based syntactic preprocessing approaches that have proved beneficial for PBMT can contribute to syntax-based SMT. Specifically, we tailor a highly successful preprocessing method for EnglishJapanese PBMT to syntax-based SMT, andfind that while the gains achievable are smaller than those for PBMT, significant improvements in accuracy can be realized.