gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
“I Am What I Am” (Or Am I?): The Making and Unmaking of Lesbian and Gay Identity in High Tech Gays (1993)

In recent years, federal courts have made a number of decisions that concern the constitutional rights of lesbians and gay men. These cases have highlighted an ongoing and growing tension facing the majority of judicial thinkers: that between homosexuality as a form, or forms, of behavior and homosexuality as a marker of class identity. Furthermore, this tension is exacerbated by the intermingling of these two definitions with each other and with other, related meanings. It is only by closely studying the meanings behind the courts' choices of language that we can explore the ramifications of the logic upon which these decisions purport to rely. Thus, our goal in examining recent federal court opinions about our rights has been to focus upon a thorough discussion of the uses of descriptive terminology and how that terminology sways or even (pre) determines judicial decisions. The language of the courts is significant: language is what conditions the result of the judicial process and the production of court opinions it decides who wins and why. Courts usually have at least some options as to which kinds of language to adopt; the choices they make reveal their own assumptions and, quite possibly, their political predispositions regarding the issues they discuss. Legal analysis of judicial decisions focuses on examining the etiology of law itself: upon which precedents may the current
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: Testing Coatings for Rapid Immersion Service (2003)

Abstract An innovative test program using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate high build was compared and contrasted with a 100% volume solids polyamide epoxy, which was applied in linings for rapid water immersion for structures such as penstocks, pilings and clarifiers. The performance of a two-coat application of a low -temperature cure 80% volume solids modified phenalkamine epoxy (hereafter “phenalkamine epoxy”) was compared with a one-coat application of a 100% volume solids polyamide epoxy. Each system was immersed in distilled and deionized water after only a brief period of curing time (24 -48 hours). Case histories exemplify the benefits and use of the phenalkamine epoxy technology for rapid immersion service.
Air temperature measurement (1978)

A coupled pair of identical film-mounted spherical bead thermistors serve as air temperature sensors aboard both Balloons 8-a and 8-b. The 8-a payload was reeled downward approximately 200 m beneath the balloon. The thermistor mounts were arranged in such a way so that when solar radiation was incident in a direction which was perpendicular to one film, then the direction of the incident solar ray was parallel to the second film. As the payload rotated during the flight (its rotation rate relative to the earth's magnetic field was sensed by a magnetometer), the temperature of each sensor varied depending on the orientation of the film surfaces with respect to the sun.
Direct and Sensitive Detection of CWA Simulants by Active Capillary Plasma Ionization Coupled to a Handheld Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (2016)

An active capillary plasma ionization (ACI) source was coupled to a handheld mass spectrometer (Mini 10.5; Aston Labs, West Lafayette, IN, USA) and applied to the direct gas-phase detection and quantification of chemical warfare agent (CWA) related chemicals. Complementing the discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface (DAPI) of the Mini 10.5 mass spectrometer with an additional membrane pump, a quasi-continuous sample introduction through the ACI source was achieved. Nerve agent simulants (three dialkyl alkylphosphonates, a dialkyl phosporamidate, and the pesticide dichlorvos) were detected at low gas-phase concentrations with limits of detection ranging from 1.0 μg/m(3) to 6.3 μg/m(3). Our results demonstrate a sensitivity enhancement for portable MS-instrumentation by using an ACI source, enabling direct, quantitative measurements of volatile organic compounds. Due to its high sensitivity, selectivity, low power consumption (<80 W) and weight (<13 kg), this instrumentation has the potential for direct on-site CWA detection as required by military or civil protection. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collagen I‐coated titanium surfaces: Mesenchymal cell adhesion and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation in trabecular bone implants (2006)

The goal of the study was the evaluation of the effect of modification of titanium implants by acrylic acid surface grafting-collagen I coupling. Tests were performed on titanium samples treated by galvanostatic anodization to create a porous surface topography. Surface characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms the biochemical modification of the surface and shows a surface topography characterized by pores mostly below 1 mum diameter. In vitro evaluation involving human mesenchymal cells shows enhanced cell growth on collagen coated surfaces as compared to titanium ones. Four weeks in vivo evaluation of implants in rabbit femur trabecular bone shows improvements of bone-to-implant contact, while improvement of bone ingrowth is slightly not significant (p = 0.056), when compared to the control. Overall, these data indicate that integration in trabecular, or cancellous, bone can be enhanced by the surface collagen layer, confirming previous findings obtained by modification of machined surfaces by the same approach in cortical bone implants.
A. C. demagnetization of rocks: Analysis of results (1967)

Summary The total magnetic composition of a rock sample can be revealed by a stepwise demagnetization. Hence these progressive demagnetizations are the most valuable bases in palaeomagnetic research. The best information is given by a combination of a few orthogonal projections of the curve, which the endpoint of the resultant vector of the natural magnetization describes in space during the progressive demagnetization. Such a projection combination allows a quick survey of the magnetizations present, their directions and size-ratios; moreover, directly from this, all data wanted can exactly be derived. Some of such demagnetization diagrams are given. By means of demagnetization it is thus possible to identify, in a sample collection, the various magnetizations in direction and size. Next, a determination of the different magnetizations usually occurs tentatively according to the direction of the magnetizations concerned, which, however, is by no means definite. Therefore it is preferable to avoid genetical denominations as long as no further determination is available, and instead of, for example, using the term “primary” magnetization, to speak of “characteristic” magnetization of a sample group. In this connection an example is given of the characteristic, though syntectonic magnetizations of the Devonian sediments of the Ardennes. It is discussed as to how far the hardness spectrum of different natural magnetizations shows a relation to their probable origin. From some examples it is showed that up to now, a single rule excepted (e.g., magnetizations with hardness spectrum entirely lower than 250 Oe are almost certain secondary viscous magnetizations) generally the hardness spectrum does not allow decisive conclusions concerning the origin of the natural magnetization. Further geological (field-tests), petrological and mineralogical investigations and comparative laboratory tests remain necessary to establish the true origin of the characteristic magnetization and with it its value for palaeomagnetism.
Output Power Leveling of Wind Turbine Generator for All Operating Regions by Pitch Angle Control (2006)

Wind energy is not constant and windmill output is proportional to the cube of wind speed, which causes the generated power of wind turbine generators (WTGs) to fluctuate. In order to reduce fluctuation, different methods are available to control the pitch angle of blades of windmill. In a previous work, we proposed the pitch angle control using minimum variance control, and output power leveling was achieved. However, it is a controlled output power for only rated wind speed region. This paper presents a control strategy based on average wind speed and standard deviation of wind speed and pitch angle control using a generalized predictive control in all operating regions for a WTG. The simulation results by using actual detailed model for wind power system show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Reactive oxygen species induce antigenic changes in DNA (1989)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are released at sites of inflammation during the respiratory burst which accompanies the phagocytic process. Using an in vitro system to simulate this process we have shown that ROS induce antigenic changes in DNA. More specifically, results of experiments using ROS scavengers have shown that hydroxyl radicals produced in close proximity to DNA-bound metal ions play a predominant role. ROS-mediated attack resulted in increased binding of anti-DNA antibodies to the denatured DNA. These changes were detected using IgG, IgA and IgM isotype binding to antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus sera. Of these the IgA isotype was most discriminating in its detection of hydroxyl radical-induced damage.
Heparan sulfate: biological significance, tools for biochemical analysis and structural characterization (2010)

Heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin (HP) are functionally important glycosaminoglycans, which interact with a plethora of proteins and participate in several cellular events. They form specific proteoglycans, which are ubiquitously distributed at both extracellular and cellular levels. HS and HP chains vary in the sulfation pattern and the degree of C-5 epimerization of d-glucuronic acid to l-iduronic acid. These modifications are not uniformly distributed within the chain, providing functional oligomeric domains interacting specifically with various effective proteins. The utilization of specific lyases and chemical depolymerization are the commonest procedures used for structural analysis. Di- and oligosaccharide composition of HS can be accurately and sensitively determined by HPLC, CE and MS. Ultraviolet detection is satisfactory enough for unsaturated saccharides and pre-column derivatization with fluorophores and detection with laser-induced fluorescence results in even higher sensitivity. Solid-phase assays can also be used for monitoring interactions with other molecules. In this article the biological significance of HS and HP in health and disease as well as the portfolio of analytical methods that may help to a deeper understanding of their roles in various pathological processes is presented. Such methodologies are of crucial importance for disease diagnosis and the design of novel synthetic sugar-based drugs.
Docker [Software engineering] (2015)

In episode 217 of Software Engineering Radio, host Charles Anderson talks with James Turnbull, a software developer and security specialist who's vice president of services at Docker. Lightweight Docker containers are rapidly becoming a tool for deploying microservice-based architectures.
Trend of Research and Development in Dielectrics and Insulating Materials (2013)

This is a review of the 43rd Symposium on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and Applications in Systems (SEEIMAS) hosted by Technical Committee on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation (TC-DEI) in IEEJ in order to overview the research trend in this specific field. Application of various kinds of numerical simulation, functionalized thin materials, aging of insulating materials under various condition, insulation system under inverter surges, space charge assessment, asset management regarding to insulation performance, outdoor insulations, thin dielectric films and other topics are dealt with. The proceedings booklet in Japanese, with English abstract and figure captions for each presentation, will be available at the IEEJ office.
Glycosaminoglycans co‐administration enhance insulin‐like growth factor‐I neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activity in traumatic and genetic models of motor neuron disease: a review (2000)

In this report it is shown how glycosaminoglycans and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) promote muscle reinnervation and prevent motor neuron death in experimental models of motor neuron disease. Such effect appears to be mediated by insulin-like growth factor-1. The glycosaminoglycan moiety of proteoglycans is a constituent of the basal lamina active on nerve regeneration by means of the interaction with laminin and with several growth factors. We have previously shown that supplementation by means of subcutaneous injections of glycosaminoglycans affects neuronal degeneration and regeneration. In this study we report that following neonatal lesion of the rat sciatic nerve, glycosaminoglycan treatment promoted extensor digitorum longus muscle reinnervation with consequent improvement of muscle morphology. In saline-treated rats, reinnervation was only partial and there was a marked muscle fibre atrophy, whereas, glycosaminoglycan treatment of lesioned rats increased IGF-I mRNA and protein in the reinnervated muscle, and IGF-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 plasma levels. Similarly, treatment of lesioned rats with IGF-I promoted muscle reinnervation, and prevented muscle fibre atrophy, higher levels of IGF-I in the reinnervated muscle, of IGF-I, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in plasma. In the wobbler mouse IGF-I and glycosaminoglycans alone promote only a partial motor neuron survival and the preservation of forelimb function decays after 3 weeks of treatment. However when glycosaminoglycans and insulin-like growth factor are administered together the motor neuron disease in the wobbler mouse is halted and there is no more loss of motor neurons.
Media Literacy, Media Education, and the Academy (1998)

This initial essay in the Media Literacy Symposium serves two purposes. First, we introduce the nine authors who have written the eight essays especially for this symposium. Second, we provide a broad context for the thinking expressed by those nine scholars. In building that context, we discuss a range of conceptual and application issues. The conceptual issues focus on the range of definitions for both media and literacy. The application issues include considerations about curriculum design, teaching, and the assessment of media literacy.
The Eustachian Tube Prosthesis Revisited (1978)

Preliminary results with an eustachian tube prosthesis have been reported. This paper updates our experience with the prosthesis. Our series is now 95 patients with follow-up of 2 to 32 months (average of 14 months). The success rate in obtaining a healed aerated middle ear is 75% (71). The eustachian tube prosthesis continues to give encouraging results in problem tympanoplasty cases.
Isolation of a spiral-shaped bacterium from the cat stomach (1988)

A spiral- or helix-shaped bacterium that colonizes the stomachs of cats has been isolated in pure culture for the first time. The organism is tightly coiled with tufts of 10 to 17 polar flagella positioned slightly off center at the end of the cell. The body of the cell is entwined with unique periplasmic fibrils that usually occur in pairs, although groupings of one and three fibrils were also seen. The organism is strongly urease, catalase, and oxidase positive and is likely to belong to an as yet unclassified group of bacteria that are specifically adapted to the ecological niche provided by gastrointestinal mucus. Isolation of this organism will allow study of the factors influencing colonization of gastric mucosae, information relevant to the association of another mucus colonizer, Campylobacter pylori, with the human stomach. Recent reports of the isolation of other bacteria with the characteristic periplasmic surface structures suggests that the group may be more widespread than was hitherto thought. Bacteria with the morphology of the organisms seen in the cat stomach have been seen in gastric biopsies from humans. The organism whose isolation is reported here has been used in previous serological studies to support the hypothesis that spiral bacteria from animals can colonize the human stomach.
Targeted DNA demethylation of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> genome using the human TET1 catalytic domain (2018)

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification involved in gene regulation and transposable element silencing. Changes in DNA methylation can be heritable and, thus, can lead to the formation of stable epialleles. A well-characterized example of a stable epiallele in plants is <i>fwa</i>, which consists of the loss of DNA cytosine methylation (5mC) in the promoter of the <i>FLOWERING WAGENINGEN</i> (<i>FWA</i>) gene, causing up-regulation of <i>FWA</i> and a heritable late-flowering phenotype. Here we demonstrate that a fusion between the catalytic domain of the human demethylase TEN-ELEVEN TRANSLOCATION1 (TET1cd) and an artificial zinc finger (ZF) designed to target the <i>FWA</i> promoter can cause highly efficient targeted demethylation, <i>FWA</i> up-regulation, and a heritable late-flowering phenotype. Additional ZF-TET1cd fusions designed to target methylated regions of the <i>CACTA1</i> transposon also caused targeted demethylation and changes in expression. Finally, we have developed a CRISPR/dCas9-based targeted demethylation system using the TET1cd and a modified SunTag system. Similar to the ZF-TET1cd fusions, the SunTag-TET1cd system is able to target demethylation and activate gene expression when directed to the <i>FWA</i> or <i>CACTA1</i> loci. Our study provides tools for targeted removal of 5mC at specific loci in the genome with high specificity and minimal off-target effects. These tools provide the opportunity to develop new epialleles for traits of interest, and to reactivate expression of previously silenced genes, transgenes, or transposons.
Toward the design of cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub>receptor inverse agonists and neutral antagonists (2009)

Abstract The cannabinoid CB 1 receptor belongs to Class A of the G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) family. The high constitutive activity of CB 1 facilitates inverse agonism at this receptor, and CB 1 inverse agonists/antagonists have recently been considered for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. GPCRs are assumed to have a common topology and to share a common molecular activation mechanism involving their intracellular domains. However, each individual receptor will also have a molecular switch within the ligand binding pocket that is a noncovalent intramolecular interaction in the basal state of the GPCR that must be disrupted to achieve an active state or stabilized to maintain the inactive state. Knowledge of the molecular switch within the ligand binding pocket can greatly facilitate the rational design of inverse agonists and neutral antagonists. This review begins with a brief review on the CB 1 receptor and its ligands. The review then focuses on the experimental literature on GPCR structure and activation in Class A receptors. The identification of the molecular switch region in the ligand binding pocket of CB 1 (F3.36/W6.48) is discussed and the combined mutation and modeling studies that have led to the identification of interactions key to the inverse agonism of SR141716A are presented. Finally, the development of the first CB 1 neutral antagonists based on these modeling/mutation results is discussed. Drug Dev Res 70:585–600, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Leg Length and Offset Measures with a Pinless Femoral Reference Array during THA (2009)

The bony fixation of reference marker arrays used for computer-assisted navigation during total hip arthroplasty (THA) theoretically involves the risk of fracture, infection, and/or pin loosening. We asked whether intraoperative assessment of leg length (LL) and offset (OS) changes would be accurate using a novel pinless femoral reference system in conjunction with an imageless measurement algorithm based on specific realignment of the relationship between a dynamic femoral and pelvis reference array. LL/OS measurements were recorded during THA in 17 cadaver specimen hips. Preoperatively and postoperatively, specimens were scanned using CT. Linear radiographic LL/OS changes were determined by two investigators using visible fiducial landmarks and image processing software. We found a high correlation of repeated measurements within and between (both 0.95 or greater) the two examiners who did the CT assessments. Pinless LL/OS values showed mean differences less than 1 mm and correlations when compared with CT measurements.
A model based approach in extracting and generating human motion (2002)

Introduces a model based approach in acquiring motion of a human body from a video image sequence. A model can not only help recognition of a human in the images, but also save the cost in 3D sensing. A 3D human model which has the function of articulate motion and changeable size, color and surface shape is provided. The model can be driven either automatically or manually through a graphics interface. We first fit the model to some particular frames so as to yield a personal model. The matching of the personal model with the image sequence for extracting human motion starts from matching key frames. The motion between key frames is interpolated. We are building a system for generating motion for multimedia, virtual world, and animation.
A Concise Synthesis of Globotriaosylsphingosine (2011)

Abstract Globotriaosylsphingosine (lysoCTH) is produced in the cell by deacylation of the globo ‐sphingolipid globotriaosylceramide. The latter compound is the major storage material encountered in Fabry patients, an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by partially impaired α‐galactosidase A (GLA) activity. Recent findings suggest that lysoCTH, next to its acylated precursor, is an important causative of Fabry disease symptoms. The glycolipid is thus a relevant synthetic target, and we here report on its efficient synthesis. Key to our strategy is the use of 4,6‐ O ‐di‐ tert ‐butylsilylene‐protected D ‐galactose donors to yield D ‐Gal‐α‐ D ‐Gal linkages with high stereoselectivity. In our optimized route we make use of acyl protecting groups to mask most of the hydroxy functions in the carbohydrate building blocks to facilitate straightforward global deprotection.
Heterozygosity for <i>Lmna</i> deficiency eliminates the progeria-like phenotypes in <i>Zmpste24</i> -deficient mice (2004)

Zmpste24 is a metalloproteinase required for the processing of prelamin A to lamin A, a structural component of the nuclear lamina. Zmpste24 deficiency results in the accumulation of prelamin A within cells, a complete loss of mature lamin A, and misshapen nuclear envelopes. Zmpste24-deficient (Zmpste24(-/-)) mice exhibit retarded growth, alopecia, micrognathia, dental abnormalities, osteolytic lesions in bones, and osteoporosis, which are phenotypes shared with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a human disease caused by the synthesis of a mutant prelamin A that cannot undergo processing to lamin A. Zmpste24(-/-) mice also develop muscle weakness. We hypothesized that prelamin A might be toxic and that its accumulation in Zmpste24(-/-) mice is responsible for all of the disease phenotypes. We further hypothesized that Zmpste24(-/-) mice with half-normal levels of prelamin A (Zmpste24(-/-) mice with one Lmna knockout allele) would be subjected to less toxicity and be protected from disease. Thus, we bred and analyzed Zmpste24(-/-)Lmna(+/-) mice. As expected, prelamin A levels in Zmpste24(-/-)Lmna(+/-) cells were significantly reduced. Zmpste24(-/-)Lmna(+/-) mice were entirely normal, lacking all disease phenotypes, and misshapen nuclei were less frequent in Zmpste24(-/-)Lmna(+/-) cells than in Zmpste24(-/-) cells. These data suggest that prelamin A is toxic and that reducing its levels by as little as 50% provides striking protection from disease.