gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Penology and Eschatology in Plato's <i>Timaeus</i> and <i>Laws</i> (1973)

The eschatological myth in the tenth book of the Laws (903 b –905 d ) contains a paragraph which purports to explain why, in the next world, efficient treatmentof souls according to their deserts is ‘marvellously easy’
Spectroscopy of YAG:CrTmHo laser crystals (1988)

The quantitative characteristics of elementary intercenter energy transfer processes in YAG:CrTmHo laser crystals are determined that ensure conversion of absorbed pump energy.
Real Estate Portfolio Risk Reduction through Intracity Diversification (1998)

Executive Summary. This study examines gains in real estate portfolio efficiency obtainable through intracity diversification. Employing a unique, ten-and-a-half year, Seattle, Washington, apartment income data set and bootstrapping techniques, it uncovers five homogeneous groupings of Seattle neighborhoods with low or negative between-group apartment income correlations. Quadratic programming is used to construct a diversified investment portfolio by optimally weighting the five neighborhood groups to minimize intracity apartment investment risk. The results show significant and sizeable reductions in standard deviation of portfolio income at a given rate of return.
Flow cytometry in hematology (1992)

Part 1 Normal haemophoiesis: introduction and general outline of haemopoiesis, O.D. Laerum isolation and biological characterization of bone marrow stem cells and progenitor cells, J.W.M. Visser characterization of erythroid, lymphoid and monomyeloid lineages in normal human bone marrow, M.R. Loken, et al megakaryopoiesis - analysis and cell sorting, A. Nakeff cell kinetics of hemooiesis, O.D. Laerum, et al. Part 2 Normal peripheral blood cells: reticulocytes and mature erythrocytes, H.J. Tanke leucocyte differential counting, L.W.M.M. Terstappen and M. Loken analysis of phagocytemicoorganism interactions, R. Bjerknes measurements of Granulocyte oxidative metabolism, M. Seeds and D.A. Bass analysis of platelets, K.A. Ault et al. Part 3 Pathologic conditions: bacterial and viral infections, R. Bjerknes HIV-infection and AIDS, B. Ohlsson-Wilhelm and A. Landay detection and analysis of parasitic infections, B. Mons and C.J. Janse antibody defined surface molecules of normal and malignant haemopoietic cells, W. Knapp biological characterization and therapy monitoring of leukaemia, M. Andreeff.
Analysis of rat hemopoietic cells on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter. I. Isolation of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (1980)

A scheme is presented whereby pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (PHSC) from rat bone marrow can be enriched 320-fold with the aid of the fluorescence- activated cell sorter. This scheme is based on the observations that PHSC are strongly positive for Thy-1 antigen (upper 10th percentile); have light- scattering properties (size distribution) between those of bone marrow lymphocytes and myeloid progenitor cells; and are relatively resistant to cortisone. It is estimated that PHSC may constitute 80 percent of the cells isolated according to these parameters. Candidate PHSC are described at the light and electron microscopic levels. At least two populations of accessory cells appear to influence the number and/or the nature of the hemopoietic colonies that form in the in vivo spleen colony-forming unit assay. Putative amplifier cells are strongly Thy-1(+) and cortisone sensitive; putative suppressor cells are weakly Thy-1(+) and cortisone resistant. Three subsets of granulocyte (G) -macrophage (M) progenitor cells (in vitro colony-forming cells [CFC]) are identified on the basis of relative fluorescence intensity for Thy-1 antigen: G-CFC are strongly Thy-l(+); M-CFC are weakly Thy-l(+); and cells that produce mixed G and M CFC have intermediate levels of Thy-1. GM-cluster-forming cells and mature G and M are Thy-1(-). The results suggest that G-CFC are bipotential cells that give rise to G and M-CFC; and that the latter produce mature M through a cluster- forming cell intermediate. Thy-1 antigen is also demonstrated on members of the eosinophil, megakaryocyte, erythrocyte, and lymphocyte cell series in rat bone marrow. In each instance, the relative concentration of Thy-1 antigen is inversely related to the state of cellular differentiation.
Worklife After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (2006)

The likelihood of postinjury employment varies substantially among persons with SCI. Given favorable patient characteristics, worklife should be considerably higher than previous estimates.
Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of 2‐(1,1‐dimethylhydrazono)propyl phosphonates (1988)

Abstract The synthesis of diethyl 2‐(1,1‐dimethylhydrazono)propyl phosphonate (1) and its 1‐benzoyl derivative (2) is described. The 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra of 1 and 2 have been completely assigned with the aid of two‐dimensional 1 H 13 C correlation NMR spectroscopy. Spectral data for ethyl α‐benzoyl‐β‐(1,1‐dimethylhydrazino)crotonate (5) were also obtained. The results show that 1 exists predominantly in the E ‐ and Z ‐isomeric forms in a ratio of ca 2:1, and 2 occurs almost exclusively in the E ‐form. Data for 5 indicate that this compound exists in the Z ‐ and E ‐forms in a ratio of ca 3:1.
Split GFP complementation assay: a novel approach to quantitatively measure aggregation of tau <i>in situ</i>: effects of GSK3β activation and caspase 3 cleavage (2007)

To quantitatively measure tau aggregation in situ, we established a cell model system using a split green fluorescence protein (GFP) complementation assay. In this assay the more aggregated the protein of interest the lower the GFP fluorescence. Tau microtubule-binding domain constructs, whose aggregation characteristics have been described previously (Khlistunova et al. 2006), were used to validate the assay. The aggregation-prone construct exhibited the lowest GFP intensity whereas the aggregation-resistant construct showed the highest GFP intensity. To examine the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activity and caspase 3 cleavage on tau aggregation, GFP complementation of full length (T4), caspase-cleaved (T4C3), and pseudophosphorylated at S396/S404 (T4-2EC) tau was examined in the presence of an active or a kinase-dead GSK3beta. Extensive phosphorylation of T4 by GSK3beta resulted in increased GFP intensity. T4C3 showed neither efficient phosphorylation nor a significant GFP intensity change by GSK3beta. The GFP intensity of T4-2EC was significantly reduced by GSK3beta accompanying its presence in the sarkosyl-insoluble fraction, thus demonstrating that T4-2EC was partitioning into aggregates. This indicates that if the majority of tau is phosphorylated at S396/S404, in combination with increased GSK3beta activity, tau aggregation is favored. These data demonstrate that split GFP complementation may be a valuable approach to determine the aggregation process in living cells.
Comparison of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strains by Hemagglutination-Inhibition and Restriction Endonuclease Analysis (1988)

Mycoplasma gallisepticum strains, including a series of field strains from North Carolina, were examined by homologous and heterologous hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests and by restriction endonuclease DNA analysis to determine whether they were closely related. HI results indicated wide antigenic diversity. Generally, homologous HI titers were higher than heterologous titers; exceptions were probably due to relative insensitivity of individual antigen batches. Strain A5969, commonly used as an HI antigen strain in many laboratories, was insensitive for detecting antibodies against all of the strains studied. None of the antigens was efficient in detecting HI antibodies against all other strains studied. Restriction endonuclease analysis indicated that North Carolina strains K501, K1453, and K1503 were closely related or identical, as were strains K1545, K1659, and K1486. Strain K1528, isolated from a peacock originally felt to be the source of many of the outbreaks, was not closely related to any of the other strains. Most strains identical or closely related by restriction endonuclease analysis were also closely related by HI. Strains 383T and 236C were identical by restriction enzyme analysis but unrelated by HI tests.
Is Strategic Competence Teachable (2005)

Research into the teaching and learning of speaking in the ESL context is relatively neglected. There have been only a few studies that addressed the need to incorporate the development of strategic competence into the L2 oral classroom (e.g., Cohen, 1998; Dornyei, 1995; Konishi & Tarone, 2004). This paper will report findings from a strategy interventionist study conducted in the secondary English oral classroom in Hong Kong. Based on a psycholinguistic model of speech processing, eight strategies were identified and introduced to the treatment class in the study. A data collection method comprising stimulated recall interviews and observations that aimed to investigate respectively the learning process (i.e., covert thoughts) and the learning product (i.e., overt speech) was employed. A comparison of the findings between the treatment class and the control class which was not exposed to any strategies-based instruction supports the view that not all strategies are equal and that some are more teachable than the others. Specifically, 'Resourcing' seems to function as a 'bedrock strategy' for young L2 speakers. Possible implications for strategy instruction are made with a view to enhancing the development of strategic competence in the L2 classroom.</br>[Copyright © 2005 The Asian Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language.]
Data-driven modeling and prediction of blood glucose dynamics: Machine learning applications in type 1 diabetes (2019)

Due to the complexity of BG dynamics, it remains difficult to achieve a universal model that produces an accurate prediction in every circumstance (i.e., hypo/eu/hyperglycemia events). Recently, machine learning techniques have received wider attention and increased popularity in diabetes research in general and BG prediction in particular, coupled with the ever-growing availability of a self-collected health data. The state-of-the-art demonstrates that various machine learning techniques have been tested to predict BG, such as recurrent neural networks, feed-forward neural networks, support vector machines, self-organizing maps, the Gaussian process, genetic algorithm and programs, deep neural networks, and others, using various group of input parameters and training algorithms. The main limitation of the current approaches is the lack of a well-defined approach to estimate carbohydrate intake, which is mainly done manually by individual users and is prone to an error that can severely affect the predictive performance. Moreover, a universal approach has not been established to estimate and quantify the approximate effect of physical activities, stress, and infections on the BG level. No researchers have assessed model predictive performance during stress and infection incidences in a free-living condition, which should be considered in future studies. Furthermore, a little has been done regarding model portability that can capture inter- and intra-variability among patients. It seems that the effect of time lags between the CGM readings and the actual BG levels is not well covered. However, in general, we foresee that these developments might foster the advancement of next-generation BG prediction algorithms, which will make a great contribution in the effort to develop the long-awaited, so-called artificial pancreas (a closed-loop system).
Small-molecule inducer of cancer cell polyploidy promotes apoptosis or senescence: Implications for therapy (2010)

Polyploidy results from deregulated cell division and has been considered an undesirable event leading to increased mutation rate and cancer development. However, polyploidy may also render cancer cells more vulnerable to chemotherapy. Here, we identify a small-molecule inducer of polyploidy, R1530, which interferes with tubulin polymerization and mitotic checkpoint function in cancer cells, leading to abortive mitosis, endoreduplication and polyploidy. In the presence of R1530, polyploid cancer cells underwent apoptosis or became senescent which translated into potent in vitro and in vivo efficacy. Normal proliferating cells were resistant to R1530-induced polyploidy thus supporting the rationale for cancer therapy by induced polyploidy. Mitotic checkpoint kinase BubR1 was found downregulated during R1530-induced exit from mitosis, a likely consequence of PLK4 inhibition. BubR1 knockdown in the presence of nocodazole induced an R1530-like phenotype, suggesting that BubR1 plays a key role in polyploidy induction by R1530 and could be exploited as a target for designing more specific polyploidy inducers.
The cysteine proteinases of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> cercariae (1997)

Based on substrate preferences, cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni were seen to express both cathepsin L and cathepsin B cysteine proteinases, although the former activity was many-fold greater. Two cathepsin L activities identified in cercarial extracts by zymography co-migrated with activities in extracts of 3 h and 24 h schistosomula and in extracts of adult worms. Since these enzymes have been implicated in haemoglobin digestion by adult worms, they may perform a similar function in schistosomula. Immunolocalization using scanning electron micrographs showed that cathepsin L and cathepsin B proteinases were present in the cercarial post-acetabular glands. In addition, cercarial serine proteinase activities considered to facilitate skin penetration efficiently cleaved the substrates Z-Gly-Pro-Arg-NHMec and Z-Gly-Pro-Lys-NHMec. Cercariae release most of this serine proteinase activity when induced to secrete the contents of their acetabular glands. In contrast, newly transformed 3 h and 24 h schistosomula did not express this activity.
Multiantigenic Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vaccine Vectors To Elicit Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Reponses against Human Cytomegalovirus in Mice (2018)

As human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common cause of disease in newborns and transplant recipients, developing an HCMV vaccine is considered a major public health priority. Yet an HCMV vaccine candidate remains elusive. Although the precise HCMV immune correlates of protection are unclear, both humoral and cellular immune responses have been implicated in protection against HCMV infection and disease. Here we describe a vaccine approach based on the well-characterized modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector to stimulate robust HCMV humoral and cellular immune responses by an antigen combination composed of the envelope pentamer complex (PC), glycoprotein B (gB), and phosphoprotein 65 (pp65). We show that in mice, multiantigenic MVA vaccine vectors simultaneously expressing all five PC subunits, gB, and pp65 elicit potent complement-independent and complement-dependent HCMV neutralizing antibodies as well as mouse and human MHC-restricted, polyfunctional T cell responses by the individual antigens. In addition, we demonstrate that the PC/gB antigen combination of these multiantigenic MVA vectors can enhance the stimulation of humoral immune responses that mediate <i>in vitro</i> neutralization of different HCMV strains and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. These results support the use of MVA to develop a multiantigenic vaccine candidate for controlling HCMV infection and disease in different target populations, such as pregnant women and transplant recipients.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The development of a human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) vaccine to prevent congenital disease and transplantation-related complications is an unmet medical need. While many HCMV vaccine candidates have been developed, partial success in preventing or controlling HCMV infection in women of childbearing age and transplant recipients has been observed with an approach based on envelope glycoprotein B (gB). We introduce a novel vaccine strategy based on the clinically deployable modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine vector to elicit potent humoral and cellular immune responses by multiple immunodominant HCMV antigens, including gB, phosphoprotein 65, and all five subunits of the pentamer complex. These findings could contribute to development of a multiantigenic vaccine strategy that may afford more protection against HCMV infection and disease than a vaccine approach employing solely gB.
Checklist of New Mexico Publications (1949)

5)p. (A.H. Hill) Gasoline excise tax laws as compo from 1929 compilation; also chap.31, Laws of 1931 as passed by the tenth legislature; compo under supervision of Adolph P. Hill.20p.New Mexico gasoline and/or
cDNA Cloning of a Wounding-Inducible Gene Encoding a Plastid  -3 Fatty Acid Desaturase from Tobacco (1996)

A cDNA encoding the plastid omega-3 fatty acid desaturase was isolated from a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. SR1) leaf cDNA library. The amino terminal extension of the deduced amino acid sequence of this clone had a characteristic feature of the transit peptides of plastid-destined proteins. Northern analysis indicated that the mRNA corresponding to this cDNA was present in leaves, but was not detected in roots. Responses to wounding of the plastid and microsome omega-3 desaturase genes were investigated in tobacco leaves. The mRNA level of the plastid omega-3 desaturase gene increased to about 2-fold that of unwounded controls at 12 h after a wounding treatment. On the other hand, the mRNA level of the microsome omega-3 desaturase gene remained constant in the wounded leaves. Linolenic acid contents of major leaf polar lipids increased by wounding. These results indicate that wounding enhances the accumulation of the plastid omega-3 desaturase mRNA, and increases the conversion of linoleic acid to linolenic acid in leaf polar lipids.
Antigenic variation of immunoglobulin A1 proteases among sequential isolates of Haemophilus influenzae from healthy children and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1993)

Considerable antigenic heterogeneity has been identified among Haemophilus influenzae immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) proteases, and this study increases the number of antigenic types to more than 30. To address the role played in vivo by this polymorphism, sequential H. influenzae isolates from three healthy children and three patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were examined. Healthy children showed a frequent clonal exchange, with each replacing clone expressing an antigenic type of IgA1 protease not previously encountered. In contrast, COPD patients were colonized by a single clone for a significantly longer period. In one COPD clone, a change occurred in IgA1 protease cleavage specificity and antigenic properties. In conclusion, frequent exchange of clones expressing antigenically different IgA1 proteases seems to be the principal mechanism by which H. influenzae evades the immune response of healthy children against IgA1 protease. The results support the view that IgA1 protease activity is important for successful colonization of H. influenzae on mucosal membranes.
An Integrated Approach to Evaluating and Managing Wellbore Instability in the Cusiana Field, Colombia, South America (1995)

Abstract An integrated approach to evaluating the causes of severe wellbore instability in the Cusiana field is described. The field is located in a tectonically active region of Colombia. Deterioration of the hole during drilling operations has led to excessive nonproductive time and expensive wells. The scale of the problem is unprecedented in the world. In wells costing tens of millions of dollars, millions per well could be attributed to poor hole conditions. This paper describes how the problem was addressed and what actions were taken to improve operational performance, resulting in reduced drilling costs. The improved understanding has contributed to better well planning, and improved drilling performance, and has underlined the need to consider all aspects of the drilling process to achieve improved hole conditions in a difficult geological setting.
Differences in the cardiac actions of the calcium antagonists verapamil and nifedipine. (1976)

1. It was investigated whether the calcium antagonistic coronary drugs verapamil and nifedipine have similar antiarrhythmic properties. Their effects on functional refractory period and contractile force in the isolated left guinea pig atrium were compared. To assess their influence on myocardial excitability the relation between threshold voltage and pulse duration was studied in the left guinea pig atrium. Furthermore, the influence on AV conduction was investigated in the conscous dog in haemodynamically equieffective dose ranges. 2. Verapamil as well as nifedipine cause a dose-dependent prolongation of the functional refractory period in the isolated left guinea pig atrium. The slope of the dose-response curve of nifedipine is, however, significantly less steep than that of verapamil. Maximum prolongation of refractory period which can be induced by nifedipine is significantly inferior to that occurring after verapamil; under nifedipine this prolongation is, however, accompanied by a significantly greater reduction in contractility. 3. In the isolated left guinea pig atrium the voltage-duration curve is shifted to the right and the chronaxia value is significantly increased by verapamil. Even in the highest dose possible nifedipine has no effect on atrial excitability. 4. In the conscious dog verapamil considerably prolongs AV conduction time whereas a moderate yet dose-dependent shortening of PQ duration is observed with equieffective nifedipine doses regarding the decrease in blood pressure and increase in heart rate. 5. The results indicate that nifedipine does not exert antiarrhythmic effects comparable to those of verapamil.
Lamivudine, adefovir and tenofovir exhibit long‐lasting anti‐hepatitis B virus activity in cell culture (2000)

In this work, we investigated the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir, penciclovir and lobucavir after short-term (i.e. 24 or 48 h) or continuous (9 days) exposure of the HBV-containing cell line, HepG2 2.2.15, to these drugs. Lamivudine maintained significant anti-HBV activity when added for only 24 or 48 h to the cell cultures compared to when the drug was present for the whole period (9 days) on the cells, i.e. 50% effective concentration (EC50) values for the inhibition of HBV DNA synthesis were 0.07 +/- 0.02 microgram ml-1 after 24 h of incubation, 0.02 +/- 0.01 microgram ml(-1) after 48 h of incubation and 0.0016 +/- 0.001 microgram ml(-1) after 9 days of incubation. Similarly, the nucleoside phosphonate analogues, adefovir and tenofovir, retained significant anti-HBV activity when added for only a short period of time to the cells. The EC50 values were 12 +/- 1 microgram ml(-1) (24 h) and 1.0 +/- 0.2 microgram ml(-1) (48 h) vs 0.003 +/- 0.001 microgram ml(-1) (9 days) for adefovir, and 6.5 +/- 1.1 microgram ml(-1) (24 h) and 0.8 +/- 0.1 microgram ml(-1) (48 h) vs 0.03 +/- 0.02 microgram ml(-1) (9 days) for tenofovir. In contrast, penciclovir and lobucavir lost most of their anti-viral activity when present on the cells for 48 h or less.
Multi-task Attention-based Neural Networks for Implicit Discourse Relationship Representation and Identification (2017)

We present a novel multi-task attentionbased neural network model to address implicit discourse relationship representation and identification through two types of representation learning, an attentionbased neural network for learning discourse relationship representation with two arguments and a multi-task framework for learning knowledge from annotated and unannotated corpora. The extensive experiments have been performed on two benchmark corpora (i.e., PDTB and CoNLL-2016 datasets). Experimental results show that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art systems on benchmark corpora.