gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Sequence within the First Transmembrane Domain of PEN-2 Is Critical for PEN-2-mediated Endoproteolysis of Presenilin 1 (2004)

Macromolecular complexes containing presenilins (PS), nicastrin (NCT), APH-1, and PEN-2 mediate the gamma-secretase cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein and Notch. APH-1 and NCT stabilize the PS1 holoprotein, whereas PEN-2 is critical for endoproteolysis of PS1. To define the structural domains of PEN-2 that are necessary for mediating PS1 endoproteolysis and gamma-secretase activity, we coexpressed APH-1, NCT, and PS1 together with a series of PEN-2 mutants, which harbored deletions in hydrophilic segments, or chimeric PEN-2 molecules that contained heterologous transmembrane domains (TMDs). We now report that with the exception of the PEN-2 variants with deletions proximal to the TMDs, the vast majority of the deletion variants were functional. Mutants that were nonfunctional were also unstable but were rescued by transposition of a heterologous sequence containing conservative amino acid substitutions into the deleted region. Notably, the carboxyl-terminal hydrophilic domain of PEN-2 was dispensable for promoting PS1 endoproteolysis but was critical for stabilizing the resulting PS1 derivatives. More importantly, we demonstrated that a chimeric PEN-2 with a replacement of the TMD2 with the TMD1 from sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) is fully functional but that a chimeric PEN-2 with a replacement of the TMD1 with the TMD2 from SREBP-1 is not. The function of this latter chimera was rescued by the replacement of the proximal two-thirds of the SREBP-1 TMD2 with the proximal two-thirds of the authentic TMD1 from PEN-2. These results suggest that the proximal two-thirds of the PEN-2 TMD1 is functionally important for endoproteolysis of PS1 holoproteins and the generation of PS1 fragments, essential components of the gamma-secretase complex.
Dual suppression with oral contraceptives and gonadotrophin releasing-hormone agonists improves in-vitro fertilization outcome in high responder patients (1997)

Certain patients have a tendency for high response to gonadotrophin therapy which is often not ameliorated with prior gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) suppression. As a result, these patients are frequently cancelled and often experience ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) episodes during in-vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer cycles. Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have been noted to be particularly sensitive to exogenous gonadotrophin therapy. We have developed a protocol which is effective in improving IVF outcome in high responder patients, including those with PCOS. Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) are taken for 25 days followed by s.c. leuprolide acetate, 1 mg/day, which is overlapped with the final 5 days of oral contraceptive administration. Low-dose gonadotrophin stimulation is then initiated on the third day of withdrawal bleeding in the form of either human menopausal gonadotrophins or purified urinary follicle-stimulating hormone at a dosage of 150 IU/day. Over a 5 year period, we reviewed our experience utilizing this dual method of suppression in 99 cycles obtained in 73 high responder patients. There were only 13 cancellations prior to embryo transfer (13.1%). The clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates per initiated cycle were 46.5 and 40.4% respectively. Only eight patients experienced mild-moderate OHSS following treatment. For those patients who had undergone previous IVF-embryo transfer cycles at our centre, significant improvements were noted in oocyte fertilization rates, embryo implantation rates and clinical/ongoing pregnancy rates with this protocol. Hormonal analyses revealed that the chief mechanism may be through an improved luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio following dual suppression. An additional feature of this dual method of suppression is significantly lower serum androgen concentrations, particularly dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐(p‐Fluorophenyl)‐4‐arylchrom‐3‐enes as Selective Ligands for Antiestrogen‐Binding Sites. (1990)

ChemInformVolume 21, Issue 20 Heterocyclic Compounds ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3-(p-Fluorophenyl)-4-arylchrom-3-enes as Selective Ligands for Antiestrogen-Binding Sites. C.-C. TEO, C.-C. TEO Dep. Chem., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511Search for more papers by this authorO.-L. KON, O.-L. KON Dep. Chem., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511Search for more papers by this authorK.-Y. SIM, K.-Y. SIM Dep. Chem., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511Search for more papers by this author C.-C. TEO, C.-C. TEO Dep. Chem., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511Search for more papers by this authorO.-L. KON, O.-L. KON Dep. Chem., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511Search for more papers by this authorK.-Y. SIM, K.-Y. SIM Dep. Chem., Natl. Univ. Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511Search for more papers by this author First published: May 15, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.199020191Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume21, Issue20May 15, 1990 RelatedInformation
Fast video matching with signature alignment (2003)

Video data is stored and distributed in large quantities and a wide variety of formats. As the amount of material increases, so too does the need to manage and search it. In previous work, we addressed the problem of rapidly locating a given clip in a large stream of video by analysing the pattern of edits or cuts, a method that is fast and as effective as a standard search method based on image comparison, but is not very robust, particularly for short clips. In this paper we describe two new methods that address the limitations of the cut-based approach. We show that the new video representations are more robust than any previous method and vastly superior at identifying similar content when the cut-based signature is not sufficiently discriminatory.
Measurement of the spacecraft main magnetic parameters (2002)

We report a solution of the instrumentation problems in measuring spacecraft magnetic parameters. A list of the main magnetic parameters is considered. The development basics of both static and dynamic magnetic measuring systems are presented. The brief descriptions are also given to analyse and compare the systems.
Virtual reality for architectural acoustics (2014)

Over the last decades, powerful prediction models have been developed in architectural acoustics, which are used for the calculation of sound propagation in indoor and/or outdoor scenarios. Sound insulation is predicted rather precisely by using direct and flanking transmission models of sound and vibration propagation. These prediction tools are already in use in architectural design and consulting. For the extension towards virtual reality (VR) systems, it is required to accelerate the prediction and simulation tools significantly and to allow an adaptive and interactive data processing during the simulation and 3D audio stimulus presentation. This article gives an overview on the current state-of-the-art of acoustic VR and discusses all relevant components in terms of accuracy, implementation and computational effort. With the progress in processing power, it is already possible to apply such VR concepts for architectural acoustics and to start perceptual studies in integrated architectural design processes.
Support of Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Axon Regeneration by Lithium through a Bcl-2-Dependent Mechanism (2003)

Lithium supports both the survival and regeneration of RGC axons through a Bcl-2-dependent mechanism. This suggests that lithium may be used to treat glaucoma, optic nerve neuritis, the degeneration of RGCs and their nerve fibers, and other brain and spinal cord disorders involving nerve damage and neuronal cell loss. To achieve full regeneration of the severed optic nerve, it may be essential to combine lithium therapy with other drugs that mediate induction of a permissive environment in the mature central nervous system.
Potential Role of Aspirin in the Prevention of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2015)

In animal models, treatment with aspirin and genetic inactivation of COX-2 decreases aneurysm formation and rupture. Selective inhibition of COX-1 did not decrease aneurysm rupture, suggesting that selection inhibition of COX-2 may be critical in thwarting aneurysm progression. Walls of ruptured human intracranial aneurysms have higher levels of COX-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase 1 (mPGES-1), both of which are known to be inhibited by aspirin. In a pilot study, patients undergoing microsurgical clipping had attenuated expression of COX-2, mPGES-1, and macrophages in aneurysm walls after 3 months of aspirin therapy versus those that did not receive aspirin. Additionally, in patients undergoing endovascular therapy, local circulating expression of chemokines and COX-2 were increased in blood samples taken from within aneurysm domes as compared to peripheral blood sample controls. Treatment with aspirin also resulted in decreased expression of COX-2 within leukocytes within aneurysms as compared to peripheral blood samples. Novel molecular imaging with ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI may help in the identification of patients at increased risk for aneurysm rupture and assessment of a response to aspirin therapy. Key Messages: Aspirin has been found to be a safe in patients harboring cerebral aneurysms and clinical studies provide evidence that it may decrease the overall rate of rupture. Furthermore, aspirin is an accessible and inexpensive medicine for patients who may not have access to endovascular or microsurgical treatment or for patients who are deemed low risk of aneurysm rupture, high risk for intervention, or both. Future clinical trials are indicated to determine the overall effect of aspirin on aneurysm progression and rupture. This review provides an update on the potential mechanisms and benefits of aspirin in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms.
AUTOMATED CONTINGENCY PLANNING IN SUPPORT OF SHIPBOARD DAMAGE CONTROL (1987)

ABSTRACT Shipboard damage control is almost totally reliant upon manual means for information processing and suffers from additional problems involving an ad hoc approach to casualty control, the need to condense highly specific useful information from general documentation (e.g., fire boundaries), and the variety, complexity and sometimes unavailability of required information (e.g., booklets of general plans which open out to the size of a large table; isometric diagrams each with their own sets of symbology; electrical distribution data contained on hundreds of aperture cards). A prototype computer system called SNIPE (Standard Naval Information Program — Engineering) was installed aboard USS Peterson (DD‐969) in April 1985 using an IBM micro‐processor. SNIPE uses contingency planning concepts to define the fire doctrine for every space on the ship. Thus, when a fire location is entered into the computer, SNIPE advises the ship's damage control personnel of the following predetermined information: the closest fire‐fighting equipment, fire boundaries to set, nearby hazards (e.g., magazines), vent systems and closures to secure, other spaces served by common vent systems to be checked, and electrical circuits to be secured. Computer disk “pre‐positioned” messages directing repair party action can also be printed for any of the above actions, speeding up the damage control central message output process. This paper describes the firefighting system in use aboard USS Peterson , the day‐to‐day readiness monitoring capabilities of the system, and some of the planned future enhancements.
Design Refresh Planning Models for Managing Obsolescence (2012)

Fast moving technologies have caused high-tech components to have shortened life cycles, rendering them obsolete quickly. Obsolescence is a significant problem for systems with operational and support life that are much longer than the procurement lifetimes of their constituent components. Design refresh planning is a strategic way of managing obsolescence. Mathematical models are presented herein to determine the design refresh plan that minimizes total cost. The plan includes guidance on when to execute design refreshes (dates) and what obsolete/non-obsolete system components should be replaced at a specific design refresh. When data uncertainty is considered and obsolescence dates of the components are assumed to follow specific probability distributions, different solutions for executing design refreshes and the probabilities of adopting these solutions can be obtained. The final optimal cost becomes an expected value. An example of an electronic engine control unit (ECU) is included for demonstration of the developed models.
Study of enzymatic hydrolysis of mild pretreated lignocellulosic biomasses (2012)

The effect of mild acidic and alkaline pretreatments of various plant biomasses on their enzymatic hydrolysis has been studied. The yield of reducing sugars and utilization rate of the biomass were used as reliable characteristics of enzymatic digestibility of the biomasses. The experiments showed that alkaline pretreatment was more efficient than acidic pretreatment. As a result of alkaline pretreatment, a more efficient delignification of the biomasses and considerable improvement of the digestibility parameters were observed. It was found that residual lignin content in the biomass after alkaline pretreatment was related to initial lignin content in untreated biomass. Moreover, residual lignin showed an evident negative effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass samples, and its removal contributed to higher enzymatic digestibility. It is more preferred to select a mild alkaline pretreatment for biomass that has low content of initial lignin. Such treatment yielded highly delignified biomass with increased percentage of cellulose fraction, which enhanced digestibility at low enzyme loading with a relatively short hydrolysis time.
Digital Station Protection (1989)

A homogeneous and uniform protective system for all protected units in a substation, which uses the processing capabilites of modern microprocessors, is presented. The basic idea is to split protective tasks into processing and data communication. The processing units are located at each boundary of the protection zones, each of which always comprises phasor representation for currents and voltages, fault type, and fault direction are evaluated. The selective tripping command for each protection zone is produced by collective merging allows bridging of faulty components. The required communication can be adapted to both requested protective functions and availability, reliability, and maintainability. Cooperation with other protective devices, especially with stand-alone relays, further protection-related functions and other substation tasks are supported. Laboratory tests and field experience obtained so far have proved the feasibility of this digital station protection. >
Breakdown of chlorophyll: A nonenzymatic reaction accounts for the formation of the colorless “nonfluorescent” chlorophyll catabolites (2003)

Senescent higher plants degrade their chlorophylls (Chls) to polar colorless tetrapyrrolic Chl catabolites, which accumulate in the vacuoles. In extracts from degreened leaves of the tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum an unpolar catabolite of this type was discovered. This tetrapyrrole was named Cj-NCC-2 and was found to be identical with the product of a stereoselective nonenzymatic isomerization of a "fluorescent" Chl catabolite. This (bio-mimetic) formation of the "nonfluorescent" catabolite Cj-NCC-2 took place readily at ambient temperature and at pH 4.9 in aqueous solution. The indicated nonenzymatic process is able to account for a crucial step during Chl breakdown in senescent higher plants. Once delivered to the acidic vacuoles, the fluorescent Chl catabolites are due to undergo a rapid, stereoselective isomerization to the ubiquitous nonfluorescent catabolites. The degradation of the Chl macrocycle is thus indicated to rely on just two known enzymes, one of which is senescence specific and cuts open the chlorin macroring. The two enzymes supply the fluorescent Chl catabolites, which are "programmed" to isomerize further rapidly in an acidic medium, as shown here. Indeed, only small amounts of the latter are temporarily observable during senescence in higher plants.
Quercetin interaction with the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum. (1981)

In sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles or in the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase purified from sarcoplasmic reticulum, quercetin inhibited ATP hydrolysis, Ca2+ uptake, ATP-Pi exchange, ATP synthesis coupled to Ca2+ efflux, ATP-ADP exchange, and steady state phosphorylation of the ATPase by inorganic phosphate. Steady state phosphorylation of the ATPase by ATP was not inhibited. Quercetin also inhibited ATP and ADP binding but not the binding of Ca2+. The inhibition of ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport by quercetin was reversible, and ATP, Ca2+, and dithiothreitol did not affect the inhibitory action of quercetin.
Spectrum Sensitivity, Energy Yield, and Revenue Prediction of PV Modules (2014)

Predictive performance comparison has been made for four types of photovoltaics (PV) modules: cadmium telluride, multicrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, and monocrystalline silicon. Representative spectral response and nameplate specifications were used to determine the performance under operating conditions in Albuquerque, NM, USA. Hour-by-hour spectra were derived via archived meteorological data. Use of this modeled spectra enables sensitivity analysis of the energy yield and revenue potential of competing PV module types and determination of new target spectra for future design optimization.
Kondensationsreaktionen mit Ketocarbonsäurederivaten (1974)

Abstract Mono‐ und Dialkylphenole reagieren unter sauren Bedingungen mit Acetessigestern nur sehr schlecht und mit geringen Ausbeuten. Durch Zusatz katalytischer Mengen Äthanthiol läuft die Kondensation jedoch glatt und mit guten Ausbeuten. Es wurden Bis(alky4‐hydroxy‐phenyl)alkansäureester und ‐amide 4 , 6 und 7 bzw. 8 aus Acetessigsäureestern, Lävulinsäure‐ estern, 5‐Oxohexansäureestern sowie Acetessigsäureamiden und Alkylphenolen hergestellt.
Antidiabetic and toxicological evaluations of naringenin in normoglycaemic and NIDDM rat models and its implications on extra‐pancreatic glucose regulation (2008)

Our findings suggest that NG may exert its antidiabetic effect by extra-pancreatic action and by suppressing carbohydrate absorption from intestine, thereby reducing the postprandial increase in blood GLU levels.
[Contribution of a new nitrosourea compound: fotemustine]. (1992)

Fotemustine is a new nitrosourea which is active against disseminated malignant melanoma. A global response rate (RR) of 24.2% was obtained in a multicenter trial including 153 patients. The RR was 25% on cerebral metastases. A multivariate analysis of the long term survival considering the main prognostic factors, has been achieved. It confirms the efficacy of fotemustine. As a matter of fact, the best survival of good responders compared to non responders is not correlated to the metastatic site. The combination of fotemustine and dacarbazine led to a global RR of 27.2%, up to 40% in non visceral metastases. As an other way of research the administration of fotemustine by the intraarterial hepatic route in the treatment of hepatic metastases of malignant ocular melanoma seems to give higher response rates than those obtained with chemotherapies administered by intravenous route (near 40% of response rate). Fotemustind alone or associated with cisplatinum allowed also interesting results in the treatment of metastatic non small cell lung cancer (NSCLS).
Dynamic Edge-Caching for Mobile Users: Minimising Inter-AS traffic by Moving Cloud Services and VMs (2014)

In recent years, Cloud technology has revolutionized the way services are delivered to end-users. The advent of truly mobile computing in the form of smart phones and tablets has also driven the demand for Cloud resources in order to compensate for the inherent lack of local resources on these devices. Furthermore, modern mobile devices are equipped with multiple network interfaces and in combination with the rapid deployment of wireless networks, it is expected that they will always have Internet connectivity and access to Cloud resources. In this paper we will focus on traffic management for interactive multimedia services accessed by a mobile user by means of dynamic migration of a Virtual Machine. Network performance measurements are taken from a network of virtualization-enabled hosts that perform live migrations of a Virtual Machine which hosts multimedia content. The data is used as input to an equation that determines whether a migration would be beneficial in terms of traffic localization based on a user's mobility characteristics and network usage patterns. The contribution of this paper lies in the proposed mechanism of managing traffic for interactive services in the context of mobile cloud computing. This helps alleviate the increased network costs introduced by dynamic migrations driven by Quality of Service parameters and may result in increased network traffic for the benefit of improved QoS.
Preparation and characterization of a thermoplastic poly(glycerol sebacate) elastomer by two‐step method (2006)

Abstract A thermoplastic poly(glycerol sebacate) elastomer (TMPGS), prepared by a two‐step method for the first time, is characterized in the present work. First, non‐crosslinked poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) prepolymers at the 1 : 1 molar ratio of glycerol to sebacic acid were synthesized through a condensation reaction. Second, TMPGSs were achieved through prepolymers that continued to react after the addition of more sebacic acid at a total molar ratio of 2 : 2.5 (glycerol/sebacic acid). The swelling experiments demonstrated that its crosslinking density was low and that it was composed of sol and gel. Compared with our previous results, the content of sol decreased but still reached >60%. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies demonstrated that TMPGS was crystallizable and had a glass transition temperature below −20°C, but at close to 37°C, its state altered and became almost amorphous. It was explained that both the semi‐interpenetrated polymer networks composed of sol and gel and the crystal regions imparted thermoplasticity to the elastomer. Finally, the in vitro degradation tests illuminated the degradation characteristic of TMPGS in 37°C phosphate buffered saline solution (pH = 7.4). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1412–1419, 2007
An apparatus for pseudo-deterministic testing (2002)

In this paper we propose a new apparatus for embedding deterministic patterns in pseudo-random sequences, with application to at-speed BIST. We employ an arbitrary length Shift Register driven by a LFSR (LFSR/SR) with the size of the LFSR dependent only on the number of care bits in any test vector. We provide an efficient method to compute positions of bit-patterns at arbitrarily chosen tap configurations in the LFSR/SR sequence. Hence, one can make an optimal choice of test segments (seeds) while taking inherent advantage of don't care bits in test vectors, say corresponding to random pattern resistant faults. The length of the LFSR/SR can be arbitrarily increased to feed several interconnected logic blocks such that all the care bits of any deterministic test vector can be predictably generated without compromising computational efficiency.