gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of the AFF3 gene and IL2/IL21 gene region with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2010)

Recent genetic studies have led to identification of numerous loci that are associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. The strategy of using information from these studies has facilitated the identification of novel juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) susceptibility loci, specifically, PTPN22 and IL2RA. Several novel autoimmune susceptibility loci have recently been identified, and we hypothesise that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within these genes may also be JIA susceptibility loci. Five SNPs within the genes AFF3, IL2/IL21, IL7R, CTLA4 and CD226, previously associated with multiple autoimmune diseases were genotyped, in a large data set of Caucasian JIA patients and controls, and tested for association with JIA. We identified two susceptibility loci for JIA, AFF3 and the IL2/IL21 region and additional weak evidence supporting an association with the CTLA4 and IL7R genes, which warrant further investigation. All results require validation in independent JIA data sets. Further characterisation of the specific causal variants will be required before functional studies can be performed.
Sedative and anxiolytic effects of methanolic extract from the leaves of Passiflora actinia (2006)

Leaves from several Passiflora species are largely employed in the Brazilian folk medicine as anxiolytic and sedative. In this work the anxiolytic, sedative-like properties and liquid chromatography analysis of methanolic extract of Passiflora actinia were evaluated. The methanol extract and all of its fractions presented significant sedative-like effect in elevated plus-maze and open field tests. Only the aqueous fraction of the methanol extract showed selective anxiolytic activity (30 mg/kg). Chromatographic analysis of the active fractions showed the presence of isovitexin and absence of the classical Passiflora beta-carboline alkaloids or flavonoids such as vitexin, rutin, swertisin, hesperidin and orientin. The tincture obtained from P. actinia leaves presented 0.27 mg/ml of isovitexin and absence of vitexin.
Intraindividual variability in bone markers in the urine (1997)

The biological variability of urinary bone resorption markers was measured in 30 healthy and 20 postmenopausal osteoporotic women. The second spot urines were collected at weekly intervals for 5 weeks and urinary pyridinium crosslinks, hydroxyproline, calcium and Ntx were evaluated. Results are discussed in relation to analytical variability, critical difference values and index of individuality. In conclusion monitoring and classifying bone turnover in groups of persons are well established, but the routine use of urinary biochemical bone markers in the individual patient is of limited use.
Temperature-dependent measurement of Auger recombination in In<sub>0.40</sub>Ga<sub>0.60</sub>N/GaN red-emitting (λ = 630 nm) quantum dots (2014)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Thomas Frost, Animesh Banerjee, Shafat Jahangir, Pallab Bhattacharya; Temperature-dependent measurement of Auger recombination in In0.40Ga0.60N/GaN red-emitting (λ = 630 nm) quantum dots. Appl. Phys. Lett. 24 February 2014; 104 (8): 081121. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4867244 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
An all-ASIC implementation of a low bit-rate video codec (1992)

After many years of intensive deliberation, an international low-bit-rate video coding standard, known as CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee) Recommendation H.261, has been completed. The H.261 covers a wide range of bit rates at p*64 kbs, where p=1, 2, . . ., 30. A great deal of real-time signal processing power is required to compress an NTSC or other similar video signals to these rates for transport and to reconstruct the original signal back for display. In order to demonstrate the video quality of the newly established standard and the feasibility of a cost-effective VLSI solution, a real-time video codec based on H.261 has been constructed using ASICs (application specific integrated circuits). A single-board research prototype consisting of 11 ASICs with an aggregate signal processing power of approximately two billion operations per second is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Securing Transient Stability Using Time-Domain Simulations Within an Optimal Power Flow (2009)

This paper provides a methodology to restore transient stability. It relies on a well-behaved optimal power flow model with embedded transient stability constraints. The proposed methodology can be used for both dispatching and redispatching. In addition to power flow constraints and limits, the resulting optimal power flow model includes discrete time equations describing the time evolution of all machines in the system. Transient stability constraints are formulated by reducing the initial multi-machine model to a one-machine infinite-bus equivalent. This equivalent allows imposing angle bounds that ensure transient stability. The proposed optimal power flow model is tested and analyzed using an illustrative nine-bus system, the well-known New England 39-bus system, a ten-machine system, and a real-world 1228-bus system with 292 synchronous machines.
Distinct Macrophage Subpopulations in Pancreas of Prediabetic BB/E Rats: Possible Role for Macrophages in Pathogenesis of IDDM (1988)

Use of monoclonal antibodies directed against rat macrophages and serial pancreatic biopsy in the prediabetic period have enabled us to document the involvement of macrophages in the pancreatic events leading to onset of diabetes in the spontaneously diabetic BB/E rat. A few weeks before onset of disease, there is marked recruitment and accumulation of ED1+ macrophages at periductal and perivascular locations adjacent to noninfiltrated islets. These recruited cells, distinct from the resident ED2+ tissue macrophages, then infiltrate the islets. Infiltration of the pancreas by ED1+ macrophages is therefore a very early event in the prediabetic period and suggests a possible role for macrophages in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in this animal model.
Antigenic and molecular characterization of isolates of the Italy 02 infectious bronchitis virus genotype (2006)

As part of an epidemiological surveillance of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Spain, four Spanish field isolates showed high S1 spike sequence similarities with an IBV sequence from the GenBank database named Italy 02. Given that little was known about this new emergent IBV strain we have characterized the four isolates by sequencing the entire S1 part of the spike protein gene and have compared them with many reference IBV serotypes. In addition, cross-virus neutralization assays were conducted with the main IBV serotypes present in Europe. The four Spanish field strains and the Italy 02 S1 sequence from the NCBI database were established as a new genotype that showed maximum amino acid identities with the 4/91 serotype (81.7% to 83.7%), the D274 group that included D207, D274 and D3896 strains (79.8% to 81.7%), and the B1648 serotype (79.3% to 80%). Furthermore, on the basis of these results, it was demonstrated that the Italy 02 genotype had been circulating in Spain since as early as 1997. Based on the average ratio of synonymous:non-synonymous (dS/dN) amino acid substitutions within Italy 02 sequences, no positive selection pressures were related with changes observed in the S1 gene. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of the S1 gene suggested that the Italy 02 genotype has undergone a recombination event. Virus neutralization assays demonstrated that little antigenic relatedness (less than 35%) exists between Italy 02 and some of the reference IBV serotypes, and indicated that Italy 02 is likely to be a new serotype.
Untangling Cycles for Contour Grouping (2007)

We introduce a novel topological formulation for contour grouping. Our grouping criterion, called untangling cycles, exploits the inherent topological 1D structure of salient contours to extract them from the otherwise 2D image clutter. To define a measure for topological classification robust to clutter and broken edges, we use a graph formulation instead of the standard computational topology. The key insight is that a pronounced ID contour should have a clear ordering of edges, to which all graph edges adhere, and no long range entanglements persist. Finding the contour grouping by optimizing these topological criteria is challenging. We introduce a novel concept of circular embedding to encode this combinatorial task. Our solution leads to computing the dominant complex eigenvectors/eigenvalues of the random walk matrix of the contour grouping graph. We demonstrate major improvements over state-of-the-art approaches on challenging real images.
The Action of Sodium Alkoxides on Lactones (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Action of Sodium Alkoxides on LactonesE. Y. Spencer and George F. WrightCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 5, 1281–1285Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01850a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01850a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views424Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUTION: ANALOGUES AND ISOSTERES OF DDT (1955)

A number of isosteres of DDT and related compounds have been synthesized and examined for insecticidal activity using the grain‐weevil, locust and cotton stainer. A marked loss of activity follows replacement of the chlorine atoms of DDT by methyl and hydroxyl groups. In the nitroalkane series, the optimum structure for maximum toxicity was present in i:i‐di‐/>‐chlorophenyl‐2‐nitropropane. The significance of these results has been reviewed in the light of current theories of DDT structure and activity. Many of the compounds expected to be toxic were found not to be so, and this inactivity can be attributed either to the initial hypotheses being invalid or to the operation of biological factors preventing concentration of the compound at the site of action.
Particular vented box loudspeaker system based on a sixth-order Butterworth response function (1974)

In most instances, the size and appearance of a loudspeaker system is dictated by its low-frequency reproduction element. Recently republished information [A. N. Thiele, “Loudspeakers in Vented Boxes: Part I,” J. Audio Eng. Soc. 19, No. 5, 382–392 (1971); “Loudspeakers in Vented Boxes: Part II,” J. Audio Eng. Soc. 19, No. 6, 471–483 (1971)] offers information that is of great value to designers attempting to optimize design within a given size format. Considerations of the efficiency and cone excursion characteristics of direct-radiator loudspeaker systems indicate several desirable features possessed by vented systems that may aid in optimization. A particular system of only 0.025-m3 internal volume capable of radiating appreciable acoustic power to 32.7 Hz has been fabricated. Each complete system consists of a loudspeaker in its enclosure together with a complementary filter of the type described by Thiele as his alignment 15. The resultant small-size format of the system is particularly well suited to domestic use.
New figures of merit for best-first probabilistic chart parsing (1998)

Best-first parsing methods for natural language try to parse efficiently by considering the most likely constituents first. Some figure of merit is needed by which to compare the likelihood of constituents, and the choice of this figure has a substantial impact on the efficiency of the parser. While several parsers described in the literature have used such techniques, there is little published data on their efficacy, much less attempts to judge their relative merits. We propose and evaluate several figures of merit for best-first parsing, and we identify an easily-computable figure of merit which provides excellent performance on various measures and two different grammars. 1 Introduction Chart parsing is a commonly-used algorithm for parsing natural language texts. The chart is a data structure which contains all of the constituents for which subtrees have been found, that is, constituents for which a derivation has been found and which may therefore appear in some complete parse of...
The changing survival benefits of coronary revascularization over time. (1987)

Previous comparisons of medical and surgical therapy for coronary artery disease were performed in the 1970s and may need to be updated to reflect current treatment efficacy. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact on long-term patient survival of changes over time in medical and surgical therapy. Among 5125 patients referred for catheterization between 1969 and 1984, 2261 underwent surgery, and 2864 received medical therapy. Survival in both medically and surgically treated patients improved over time. The improvement in medical patients was due to less sick patients being treated (a decreasing baseline risk), while that observed in surgical patients was due to refinements in care. The rate of improvement in survival over time was much greater in surgical patients, and the difference as compared with medical therapy was highly significant (treatment interaction with time p less than .0001). Estimates of 5 year survival adjusted for baseline risk factors for a patient in 1977 with one-, two-, or three-vessel disease and an ejection fraction of 0.40 were 0.88, 0.80, and 0.64 in medically treated, and 0.88, 0.87, and 0.80 in surgically treated patients. Corresponding projected estimates for 1984 were unchanged for medical patients but improved for surgical patients (0.93, 0.92, and 0.90). Thus, the projected survival benefits of surgery in 1984 appear more significant for all categories of coronary artery disease because of a differential improvement in surgical therapy. These data are relevant to therapeutic decision making for current patients and emphasize the importance of continued analysis of this topic as treatment efficacies change over time.
Pressor action and dipsogenicity induced by angiotensin II and III in rats (1985)

The primary brain sites responsible for angiotensin-induced pressor action and dipsogenicity in the laboratory rat appear to be located in forebrain circumventricular organs (CVO). Because CVOs have a reduced blood-brain barrier, intracarotid infusion of angiotensin via a brachial arterial catheter results in direct stimulation of these sites. This investigation determined that brachial arterial infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II) into alert free-moving rats resulted in pressor and dipsogenic responses greater than those observed with equivalent doses of angiotensin III (ANG III). However, intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of ANG II and ANG III yielded equivalent pressor and drinking responses. ICV pretreatment with the specific angiotensin receptor antagonist [Sar1, Ile8]-ANG II significantly reduced ANG II- and ANG III-induced pressor and drinking responses. This inhibition lasted approximately 20 min with recovery at 60-70 min. The results indicate that ICV-administered ANG III is a much more potent ligand than previously determined if the stickiness due to electrical charge of this compound is prevented by appropriate treatment of glassware. The receptor antagonist results encourage the possibility that ANG II and ANG III activate a common central receptor site.
Complete Genome Sequence of Amino Acid-Utilizing Eubacterium acidaminophilum al-2 (DSM 3953) (2014)

Eubacterium acidaminophilum is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium which belongs to cluster XI of the Clostridia. It ferments amino acids by a Stickland reaction. The genome harbors a chromosome (2.25 Mb) and a megaplasmid (0.8 Mb). It contains several gene clusters coding for selenocysteine-containing, glycine-derived, and amino acid-degrading reductases.
Polynuclear Charged Platinum Compounds as a New Class of Anticancer Agents (2000)

Throughout this monograph, all the chemical structures of platinum-based anticancer agents currently in clinical trials have been directly related to cisplatin. Thus, while leaving group (X) and carrier ligand (amine) may be varied, all the structures are described by the simple formula cis-[PtX2(amine)2]. Polynuclear platinum compounds as represented by the dinuclear and trinuclear examples of Fig. 1 comprise a further unique class of anticancer agents with distinct chemical and biologic properties discrete from their mononuclear counterparts. In June, 1998, the first drug from this class entered Phase I clinical trials. The structure of this novel trinuclear platinum agent, BBR3464, is best described as two trans-[PtC1(NH3)2] units linked by a bridging tetra-amine trans-[Pt(NH3)2H2N(CH2)6NH2)2] (Fig. 1). The compound is the first genuinely new clinical drug not based on the “classical” cisplatin structure. The structure is notable for the presence of the central coordination sphere, which contributes to DNA affinity only through electrostatic and H-bonding interactions and the overall 4+ charge.
Facial Expression Recognition Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network (2018)

In interpersonal communication, facial expressions serve as an important way for people to communicate with each other. Through small changes of the face, people can express a variety of emotions. However, the existing facial expression recognition technology has the disadvantages of low recognition rate, slow speed and poor generalization. Based on these problems, we propose a new facial expression recognition method which uses the convolutional network based on convolution block to realize the recognition of facial expression. Firstly, we expand the existing expression dataset to effectively improve the generalization performance of training samples and solver other issues such as single background; Secondly, for the convolution block in convolutional neural network, multi-layer small convolution kernels are mostly used instead of large convolution kernel. This not only reduces the parameters and improves the practical application of convenience, but also makes the network more sensitive to image details and more significant recognition effect. In this paper, we use three different methods to experiment on 12 expressions. The above method has the obvious advantage that the error rate of expression recognition is reduced to 13.7%. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a good recognition rate and training speed, which has a certain promotion effect and reference value for more accurate facial expression recognition in the future.
Ethanol by continuous fermentation using a combination of immobilised yeast and liquid-liquid extraction (1984)

A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University.
Soluble epoxide hydrolase plays an essential role in angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy (2009)

Pathophysiological cardiac hypertrophy is one of the most common causes of heart failure. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, hydrolyzed and degraded by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), can function as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors to induce dilation of coronary arteries and thus are cardioprotective. In this study, we investigated the role of sEH in two rodent models of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The protein level of sEH was elevated in the heart of both spontaneously hypertensive rats and Ang II-infused Wistar rats. Blocking the Ang II type 1 receptor with losartan could abolish this induction. Administration of a potent sEH inhibitor (sEHI) prevented the pathogenesis of the Ang II-induced hypertrophy, as demonstrated by decreased left-ventricular hypertrophy assessed by echocardiography, reduced cardiomyocyte size, and attenuated expression of hypertrophy markers, including atrial natriuretic factor and beta-myosin heavy chain. Because sEH elevation was not observed in exercise- or norepinephrine-induced hypertrophy, the sEH induction was closely associated with Ang II-induced hypertrophy. In vitro, Ang II upregulated sEH and hypertrophy markers in neonatal cardiomyocytes isolated from rat and mouse. Expression of these marker genes was elevated with adenovirus-mediated sEH overexpression but decreased with sEHI treatment. These results were supported by studies in neonatal cardiomyocytes from sEH(-/-) mice. Our results suggest that sEH is specifically upregulated by Ang II, which directly mediates Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of sEH would be a useful approach to prevent and treat Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Fibrinogen binding to human platelet plasma membranes. Identification of two steps requiring divalent cations. (1983)

Fibrinogen binding to platelet plasma membranes, which is a prerequisite for platelet aggregation, was determined by incubating 125I-labeled fibrinogen with isolated membranes and measuring the amount of radioactivity sedimenting with the membranes through 15% sucrose. Fibrinogen binding was optimal at 10(-3) M Ca2+. Scatchard analyses of the fibrinogen binding showed that the membrane capacity for fibrinogen was 1.6 X 10(-12) mol/mg of membrane protein, with a dissociation constant (Kd) = 1.2 X 10(-8) M. When Ca2+ levels were manipulated by the addition of varying amounts of EGTA at a fixed Mg2+ concentration of 3 X 10(-3) M, specific binding of fibrinogen to platelet membranes occurred only at Ca2+ concentrations greater than or equal to 10(-6) M. Membranes isolated from platelets of an individual with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia bound only 12% as much fibrinogen as control platelets. The data in the present study suggest that there are two divalent cation binding sites that must be occupied for fibrinogen to bind: one site is specific for calcium and is saturated at 10(-6) M Ca2+; the other site is less specific and is saturated at a 10(-3) M concentration of either Ca2+ or Mg2+. Fibrinogen binding to intact platelets and, consequently, platelet aggregation only required 10(-3) M extracellular divalent cation and was not specific for Ca2+. These data indicate that the cytoplasm is a potential source for the requirement of 10(-6) M Ca2+, and that changes in the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ may cause the expression of fibrinogen receptors during ADP-induced platelet activation.