gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Behavior of Antioxidants in Rubber Stocks Containing Copper (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBehavior of Antioxidants in Rubber Stocks Containing CopperPaul C. Jones and David CraigCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1931, 23, 1, 23–26Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1931https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50253a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50253a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Generation of Long Insert Pairs Using a Cre-LoxP Inverse PCR Approach (2012)

Large insert mate pair reads have a major impact on the overall success of de novo assembly and the discovery of inherited and acquired structural variants. The positional information of mate pair reads generally improves genome assembly by resolving repeat elements and/or ordering contigs. Currently available methods for building such libraries have one or more of limitations, such as relatively small insert size; unable to distinguish the junction of two ends; and/or low throughput. We developed a new approach, Cre-LoxP Inverse PCR Paired-End (CLIP-PE), which exploits the advantages of (1) Cre-LoxP recombination system to efficiently circularize large DNA fragments, (2) inverse PCR to enrich for the desired products that contain both ends of the large DNA fragments, and (3) the use of restriction enzymes to introduce a recognizable junction site between ligated fragment ends and to improve the self-ligation efficiency. We have successfully created CLIP-PE libraries up to 22 kb that are rich in informative read pairs and low in small fragment background. These libraries have demonstrated the ability to improve genome assemblies. The CLIP-PE methodology can be implemented with existing and future next-generation sequencing platforms.
Fabrication of well-defined block copolymer nano-cylinders by controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics involved in block copolymer self-assembly (2008)

Self-assembled 3-dimensional perpendicular cylinder orientation was achieved mainly by thermodynamic control of incompatibility between the block domains, and further precise modification of size and hexagonal alignment of perpendicular cylinders was also accomplished by kinetic control of diffusive molecular mobility of block copolymer microdomains. Since those two controls have been achieved by simple blending of minority homopolymers, the intrinsic advantages of block copolymer nanopatterning, such as fast and spontaneous 3-dimensional nanopatterning with high stability and reproducibility, have been completely preserved in this fabrication strategy. Thus, the fabrication strategy using the simple blending of a block copolymer with its homopolymer at an appropriate molecular weight creates new opportunities for the fabrication of low-cost and high-throughput nanostructured block copolymer materials with highly controlled 3-dimensional nanopatterns.
Activation of RhoA by Lysophosphatidic Acid and Gα<sub>12/13</sub>Subunits in Neuronal Cells: Induction of Neurite Retraction (1999)

Neuronal cells undergo rapid growth cone collapse, neurite retraction, and cell rounding in response to certain G protein-coupled receptor agonists such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). These shape changes are driven by Rho-mediated contraction of the actomyosin-based cytoskeleton. To date, however, detection of Rho activation has been hampered by the lack of a suitable assay. Furthermore, the nature of the G protein(s) mediating LPA-induced neurite retraction remains unknown. We have developed a Rho activation assay that is based on the specific binding of active RhoA to its downstream effector Rho-kinase (ROK). A fusion protein of GST and the Rho-binding domain of ROK pulls down activated but not inactive RhoA from cell lysates. Using GST-ROK, we show that in N1E-115 neuronal cells LPA activates endogenous RhoA within 30 s, concomitant with growth cone collapse. Maximal activation occurs after 3 min when neurite retraction is complete and the actin cytoskeleton is fully contracted. LPA-induced RhoA activation is completely inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tyrphostin 47 and genistein). Activated Galpha12 and Galpha13 subunits mimic LPA both in activating RhoA and in inducing RhoA-mediated cytoskeletal contraction, thereby preventing neurite outgrowth. We conclude that in neuronal cells, LPA activates RhoA to induce growth cone collapse and neurite retraction through a G12/13-initiated pathway that involves protein-tyrosine kinase activity.
A Coupled Reservoir-Geomechanics Model and Applications to Wellbore Stability and Sand Prediction (2001)

Abstract Sand production and open hole collapse during production have been a great concern for production engineer, as the detrimental consequences are often associated to a desirable high production. Sand production usually occurs under a high-pressure gradient in poorly cemented formations. Whereas wellbore collapses could occur if a bottom hole pressure is below a certain level or production reaches a certain rate, i.e. during underbalanced drilling, under a high rate production, or when an aggressive well completion for high production is used. To determine the critical flow rate or bottom hole pressure, a coupled reservoir-geomechanics model is developed to simulate the interaction between reservoir flow and deformation. The model is developed and implemented numerically in Finite Element method by fully coupling a comprehensive geomechanics model to a three-phase reservoir behavior model. Gas component behavior is only considered below a bubble point, and it remains inside the oil phase before a critical gas saturation can be reached in our simulations. The effects of multiphase behavior on near well stresses and deformations, including high compressible gas component in the solution gas phase (foamy oil) are analyzed. Both Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager criteria are introduced to outline the plastic yielding surface and to govern the plastic flow. The effects of the stress-dependent formation moduli and permeability changes are permissible. The final stability and the onset of sand production are determined by a critical effective plastic strain and zero effective radial stress, whichever condition occurs first. Our studies indicate that, other than the well known factors such as bottomhole pressure and drawdonw, well stability and sanding risks are critically controlled by (1) the solution-gas behavior, (2) the formation stiffness, and (3) the residual cohesion. The latter can be senstitive to the wetting phase saturation. Considering production enhancement and formation damage, the reservoir porosity increase due to formation dilation is simulated, which can generate a negative skin near a well and result in a production enhancement. Our model can be used to calculate both the enhanced production and the ranges of the enhanced zone.
SH3-binding Protein 5 Mediates the Neuroprotective Effect of the Secreted Bioactive Peptide Humanin by Inhibiting c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase (2013)

Humanin is a secreted bioactive peptide that suppresses cell toxicity caused by a variety of insults. The neuroprotective effect of Humanin against Alzheimer disease (AD)-related death is mediated by the binding of Humanin to its heterotrimeric Humanin receptor composed of ciliary neurotrophic receptor α, WSX-1, and gp130, as well as the activation of intracellular signaling pathways including a JAK2 and STAT3 signaling axis. Despite the elucidation of the signaling pathways by which Humanin mediates its neuroprotection, the transcriptional targets of Humanin that behaves as effectors of Humanin remains undefined. In the present study, Humanin increased the mRNA and protein expression of SH3 domain-binding protein 5 (SH3BP5), which has been known to be a JNK interactor, in neuronal cells. Similar to Humanin treatment, overexpression of SH3BP5 inhibited AD-related neuronal death, while siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous SH3BP5 expression attenuated the neuroprotective effect of Humanin. These results indicate that SH3BP5 is a downstream effector of Humanin. Furthermore, biochemical analysis has revealed that SH3BP5 binds to JNK and directly inhibits JNK through its two putative mitogen-activated protein kinase interaction motifs (KIMs).
Recent Advances on Isoniazide Derivatives (2008)

Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide even in the 21st century. This review summarises all facts concerning a front-line antituberculotic drug isoniazide – metabolism, mechanism of activity and resistance. The antimycobacterial pharmacophore moiety of isoniazide has been introduced in a number of various types of molecules (about 510 derivatives have been found) to improve their activity against Mycobacteria species, as well as their multidrug-resistant strains. Several Schiff bases, hydrazones, hydrazides and metal complexes of isoniazide have shown very good activity. Various types of the most active isoniazide derivatives classified according to their structure are reported, their lipophilicity has been calculated and structure-activity relationships are discussed. The original new highly active isoniazide prodrug forms prepared at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Czech Republic are presented in a separate chapter of the paper. Keywords: Isoniazide, isoniazide derivatives, M. tuberculosis, multidrug-resistance, antimycobacterial activity, structureactivity relationships
Quality approved : processing (2014)

Top-quality milk products can only be produced from top-quality raw milk. The hygienic quality of milk is critical for the production of safe milk and milk products.
Gram-Negative Folliculitis in Acne Vulgaris (1968)

Gram-negative rod superinfections of facial pustules are reported in a group of patients with acne vulgaris. These pustules contained no keratinous plugs and gram-negative rods were the dominant organism. The lesions were often concentrated around the nose and the infecting gram-negative rod was recoverable from both nostrils. The long-term use of antibacterial soap and various systemic antibiotics is discussed as the possible cause of this problem. Therapy for this condition has been difficult since appropriate antibiotics only suppress the infection. Prevention of radical changes in the normal bacterial flora may be the only solution.
Combined effects of water quality and stocking density on welfare and growth of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) (2008)

An 84-day experiment assessed the combined effects of two fresh water quality levels (H: 1.71 ± 0.15 mg O2l−1 and 0.28 ± 0.01 mg l−1 total ammonia nitrogen (T-AN), L: 5.15 ± 0.07 mg O2l−1 and 0.54 ± 0.01 mg T-AN l−1) and 3 stabilized stocking densities: 24.8 ± 0.2, 74.2 ± 0.5 and 120.0 ± 0.9 kg m−3) on rainbow trout. Fish were fed using demand feeders with rewards proportional to stocking density. Mass increase was significantly affected by water quality and stocking density, being highest in H water and the lowest at 120 kg m−3. There was no significant difference in final weight between 25 and 74 kg m−3, but at 120 kg m−3 it was 27% and 19% lower in H and L water respectively than at 25 kg m−3. Feed intake (FI) from day 0–85 was significantly affected by water quality, 1.5% in H compared to 1.1–1.0 in L, but there were no significant differences in apparent feed conversion (AFC). FI was not significantly affected by stocking density but AFC was impaired, it increased with stocking density. Marked changes in fish morphology and composition were related to water quality: Condition K factor and fillet fat content were significantly higher in H than in L groups. Dorsal and pectoral fin condition was affected by stocking density and water quality: fins were significantly longer and less eroded in L groups and at low stocking density. Physiological measures were within the usual ranges, but differed between treatments. Changes in plasma osmolarity, hydromineral balance (Na+) and acid base balance (HCO3–) showed that fish were more affected by water quality than by stocking density. There was no sign of acute stress in acclimated fish as cortisol and glycemia were similar under all experimental conditions. This study highlights the importance of water quality and feeding conditions when considering the effects of stocking density on fish welfare.
Expression of E-cadherin cell adhesion molecules in human breast cancer tissues and its relationship to metastasis. (1993)

E-cadherin (E-cad) is a subclass of the cadherin family that plays a major role in maintenance of intercellular junctions in epithelial tissues. In order to explore the correlation between the expression of E-cad and cancer invasion and metastasis in vivo, we performed an immunohistochemical examination for E-cad expression in 120 patients with breast cancer using our specific anti-E-cad monoclonal antibody. In noncancerous epithelial cells, E-cad was strongly expressed on cell-cell boundaries, whereas various staining patterns were observed in tumors. Of these 120 tumors, 56 (47%) showed Pr type expression of E-cad, and 64 (53%) showed Rd type or negative expression. We found significant correlations between E-cad expression and clinicopathological features. The frequency of Rd type was significantly higher in invasive ductal carcinomas (58%, 56 of 97) and poorly differentiated carcinomas (84%, 21 of 25) than in noninvasive and well-differentiated carcinomas. Furthermore, a high frequency of Rd type was detected in the following advanced tumors: T3,4 tumors, 71% (22 of 31); tumors with extensive lymph node metastasis, 74% (29 of 39); and tumors with distant metastasis, 86% (19 of 22). These values were significantly higher compared with their counterparts. The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor tended to be positive in E-cad-positive tumors. However, no significant relationship was seen among E-cad expression, menopausal status, hormone receptor status, and DNA ploidy pattern. These results suggest that the reduction of E-cad expression may play an important role in invasion and metastasis of human breast cancer.
Wind Farm Induced Oscillations (2006)

The impact of power fluctuations arising from fixed-speed wind turbines on the magnitude and frequency of inter-area oscillations was investigated. The authors used data acquisition equipment to record the power flow on the interconnector between the Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland systems. By monitoring the interconnector oscillation using a fast Fourier transform, it was possible to determine the magnitude and frequency of the inter-area oscillation between the Northern Ireland electricity system and that of the electricity supply board. Analysis was preformed to determine the relationship (if any) between the inter-area oscillation and the observed wind power generation at the corresponding time. Subsequently, regression analysis was introduced to model this relationship between the FFT output and the wind power generation. The effect of conventional generators on the magnitude and frequency of the inter-area oscillation was also considered.
Autonomicity Levels and Requirements for Automated Machine Learning (2017)

Machine learning algorithms have various factors to be tuned for successful application. There have been strong demands on automating the tuning process in machine learning practices. This paper characterizes the autonomicity levels at which developers feel free from burdensome tuning tasks. The autonomicity levels range from level 0 to level 4 each of which has the requirements to be supported by the machine learning framework. The paper also presents an architecture of such a machine learning framework to support automated machine learning.
Transmission, control and coherent propagation of surface plasmons in metal nanostructures (2002)

Extraordinary transmission of light through sub-wavelength hole arrays in thick metals is imaged both at "allowed" and "forbidden" surface plasmon resonances. Detouring around the holes, coherent propagation along and beyond the hole patterns are revealed.
REVIEWS (1992)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Flavius Josephus on the Pharisees. A Composition-Critical Study. By STEVE MASON. Pp. xvi + 424. (Studia Post–Biblica, 39.) Leiden: Brill, 1991. ISBN 90 04 09181 5. Gld. 210/$107.69. REBECCA GRAY REBECCA GRAY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 43, Issue 1, April 1992, Pages 216–220, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/43.1.216 Published: 01 April 1992
A Simple Lithium(I) Salt with a Microporous Structure and Its Gas Sorption Properties (2010)

Thoroughly absorbing: The simple combination of lithium ions and isonicotinate anions (1) leads to the formation of a lightweight salt (see picture; C black, O red, N blue, Li purple) that is able to reversibly sorb H2 , N2 , CO2 , and CH4 . The salt exists as a 3D network of microchannels that are occupied by solvent molecules.
Autoantibodies associated with peripheral neuropathy (1999)

High titers of serum antibodies to neural antigens occur in several forms of neuropathy. These include neuropathies associated with monoclonal gammopathy, inflammatory polyneuropathies, and paraneoplastic neuropathies. The antibodies frequently react with glycosylated cell surface molecules, including glycolipids, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans, but antibodies to intracellular proteins have also been described. There are several correlations between antibody specificity and clinical symptoms, such as anti-MAG antibodies with demyelinating sensory or sensorimotor neuropathy, anti-GM1 ganglioside antibodies with motor nerve disorders, antibodies to gangliosides containing disialosyl moieties with sensory ataxic neuropathy and Miller-Fisher syndrome, and antibodies to the neuronal nuclear Hu antigens with paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy. These correlations suggest that the neuropathies may be caused by the antibodies, but evidence for a causal relationship is stronger in some examples than others. In this review, we discuss the origins of the antibodies, evidence for and against their involvement in pathogenic mechanisms, and the implications of these findings for therapy.
A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of 5′-aminoalkyl oligodeoxynucleotides (1986)

Synthetic deoxyoligonucleotides have been 5'-aminoalkylated at the end of step-wise synthesis on the polymer support. This was achieved through the activation of the 5'-hydroxyl group as its 5'-imidazolyl derivative using carbonyldiimidazole, which was subsequently displaced with hexamethylene diamine to yield the title compound. The alkyl carbamate linkage thus generated withstands the deprotection conditions used in oligonucleotide synthesis. Purification by gel electrophoresis and further derivatization at the 5'-amino group with N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin is described.
Image calibration and analysis toolbox – a free software suite for objectively measuring reflectance, colour and pattern (2015)

Quantitative measurements of colour, pattern and morphology are vital to a growing range of disciplines. Digital cameras are readily available and already widely used for making these measurements, having numerous advantages over other techniques, such as spectrometry. However, off-the-shelf consumer cameras are designed to produce images for human viewing, meaning that their uncalibrated photographs cannot be used for making reliable, quantitative measurements. Many studies still fail to appreciate this, and of those scientists who are aware of such issues, many are hindered by a lack of usable tools for making objective measurements from photographs.We have developed an image processing toolbox that generates images that are linear with respect to radiance from the RAW files of numerous camera brands and can combine image channels from multispectral cameras, including additional ultraviolet photographs. Images are then normalised using one or more grey standards to control for lighting conditions. This enables objective measures of reflectance and colour using a wide range of consumer cameras. Furthermore, if the camera's spectral sensitivities are known, the software can convert images to correspond to the visual system (cone-catch values) of a wide range of animals, enabling human and non-human visual systems to be modelled. The toolbox also provides image analysis tools that can extract luminance (lightness), colour and pattern information. Furthermore, all processing is performed on 32-bit floating point images rather than commonly used 8-bit images. This increases precision and reduces the likelihood of data loss through rounding error or saturation of pixels, while also facilitating the measurement of objects with shiny or fluorescent properties.All cameras tested using this software were found to demonstrate a linear response within each image and across a range of exposure times. Cone-catch mapping functions were highly robust, converting images to several animal visual systems and yielding data that agreed closely with spectrometer-based estimates.Our imaging toolbox is freely available as an addition to the open source ImageJ software. We believe that it will considerably enhance the appropriate use of digital cameras across multiple areas of biology, in particular researchers aiming to quantify animal and plant visual signals.
Computing and Visualizing Reachable Volumes for Maneuvering Satellites (2011)

Detecting and predicting maneuvering satellites is an important problem for Space Situational Awareness. The spatial envelope of all possible locations within reach of such a maneuvering satellite is known as the Reachable Volume (RV). As soon as custody of a satellite is lost, calculating the RV and its subsequent time evolution is a critical component in the rapid recovery of the satellite. In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo approach to computing the RV for a given object. Essentially, our approach samples all possible trajectories by randomizing thrust-vectors, thrust magnitudes and time of burn. At any given instance, the distribution of the &quot;point-cloud &quot; of the virtual particles defines the RV. For short orbital time-scales, the temporal evolution of the point-cloud can result in complex, multi-reentrant manifolds. Visualization plays an important role in gaining insight and understanding into this complex and evolving manifold. In the second part of this paper, we focus on how to effectively visualize the large number of virtual trajectories and the computed RV. We present a real-time out-of-core rendering technique for visualizing the large number of virtual trajectories. We also examine different techniques for visualizing the computed volume of probability density distribution, including volume slicing, convex hull and isosurfacing. We compare and contrast these techniques in terms of computational cost and visualization effectiveness, and describe the main implementation issues encountered during our development process. Finally, we will present some of the results from our end-to-end system for computing and visualizing RVs using examples of maneuvering satellites.