gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MUC1 cytoplasmic tail detection using CT33 polyclonal and CT2 monoclonal antibodies in breast and colorectal tissue. (2006)

CT33 polyclonal antibody has demonstrated its efficacy to detect MUC1 in breast and colorectal cancer tissues with similar reactivity to CT2. It is worthwhile to affirm that CT33 is a good indicator of MUC1 expression.
Programmable compact disk picture memory and video processing system (1988)

A system is described which allows the display of images stored on a compact disk. The pictures can be displayed in a standard TV quality at a 50 Hz rate and also flicker-free at a double display rate of 100 Hz. The stand-alone basic system may be extended by a personal computer for picture manipulations, a modem, and a color TV camera digitizer. The connection to the digitizer allows the system to be used to store pictures taken by a camera on an erasable compact disk. The modem enables the transfer of images via a telephone- or data-network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Study of local anaesthetics. Part 98(3): Preparation and local anaesthetic activity of 4-alkylpiperazinoethyl esters of o-heptyloxyphenylcarbamic acid. (1992)

During the course of study of variations in the basic moiety of heptacainium chloride 10 derivatives of 4-alkylpiperazinoethyl esters of o-heptyloxyphenylcarbamic acid were prepared. Pharmacological investigation indicated that practically all the new compounds were several times more active than standards (cocaine and procaine). The most effective compound was 1-[2-(o-heptyloxyphenylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl]-4-butyl-piperazinium dichloride, which was 142 times more active than cocaine and 266 times more active than procaine.
The specification of heart mesoderm occurs during gastrulation in <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (1989)

The establishment of heart mesoderm during Xenopus development has been examined using an assay for heart differentiation in explants and explant combinations in culture. Previous studies using urodele embryos have shown that the heart mesoderm is induced by the prospective pharyngeal endoderm during neurula and postneurula stages. In this study, we find that the specification of heart mesoderm must begin well before the end of gastrulation in Xenopus embryos. Explants of prospective heart mesoderm isolated from mid- or late neurula stages were capable of heart formation in nearly 100% of cases, indicating that the specification of heart mesoderm is complete by midneurula stages. Moreover, inclusion of pharyngeal endoderm had no statistically significant effect upon either the frequency of heart formation or the timing of the initiation of heartbeat in explants of prospective heart mesoderm isolated after the end of gastrulation. When the superficial pharyngeal endoderm was removed at the beginning of gastrulation, experimental embryos formed hearts, as did explants of prospective heart mesoderm from such embryos. These results indicate that the inductive interactions responsible for the establishment of heart mesoderm occur prior to the end of gastrulation and do not require the participation of the superficial pharyngeal endoderm.
The musculoskeletal effects of diabetes mellitus. (2006)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multi-system disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia that has both acute and chronic biochemical and anatomical sequelae, with Type-2 DM representing the most common form of the disease. Neuromusculoskeletal sequelae of DM are common and the practicing chiropractor should be alert to these conditions, as some are manageable in a chiropractic office, while others are life and/or limb threatening. This paper reviews the effects of DM on the musculoskeletal system so as assist the chiropractor in making appropriate clinical decisions regarding therapy, understanding contraindications to therapy, referring patients to medical physicians when appropriate and understanding the impact that DM may have on the prognosis for their patients suffering from the myriad musculoskeletal conditions associated with this disease.
Stirring (2003)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Stirring Operations, Stirring Vessels, and Stirrer Types 1.1. Stirring Operations 1.2. Stirring Vessels and Auxiliary Equipment 1.3. Operation of Individual Types of Stirrers 1.4. Mechanical Stress Exerted by the Stirrer 2. Homogenization of Liquid Mixtures 2.1. Problem Definition 2.2. Mixing‐Time Characteristic 2.2.1. Definition and Measurement Method 2.2.2. Mixing‐Time Characteristic at Δϱ ≃ 0 and Δν ≃ 0 2.2.3. Mixing‐Time Characteristic at Δϱ ≠ 0 and Δν ≠ 0 2.2.4. Mixing‐Time Characteristics in Non‐Newtonian Liquids 2.3. Power Characteristic 2.3.1. Definition and Measurement Method 2.3.2. Power Characteristics in Homogeneous Systems 2.4. Optimization: Minimum Work of Mixing 2.5. Homogenization in Storage Tanks 2.6. Liquid Throughput of Stirrers 2.7. Vortex Depth in Unbaffled Stirred Tanks 3. Intensification of Heat Transfer 3.1. Problem Definition 3.2. Heat‐Transfer Characteristics 3.2.1. Definitions 3.2.2. Heat‐Transfer Characteristics in the Range Re > 200 3.2.3. Heat‐Transfer Characteristics in the Range Re < 200 3.3. Stirrer Power During Heat Transfer 3.4. Optimum Stirring Conditions for the Removal of Reaction Heat 4. Suspension of Solids in Liquids (S/L Systems) 4.1. Problem Definition 4.2. Classification of the Suspension Conditions 4.3. Suspension Characteristic 4.3.1. Suspension Characteristics with d p as the Characteristic Particle Dimension 4.3.2. Suspension Characteristics with w ss as the Characteristic Particle Property 4.4. Power Requirements Upon Suspension of Solids 4.5. Scale‐up of the Solids Suspension Process 4.6. Effect of Geometric and Apparatus‐Related Factors on the Suspension 4.7. Mass Transfer in the Solid ‐ Liquid (S/L) System 5. Dispersion in Liquid ‐ Liquid (L/L) Systems 5.1. Lowest Stirrer Speed for Dispersion 5.2. Dispersion Characteristics 5.3. Stirrer Power for Dispersion 5.4. Scale‐Up of the Dispersion Processes 5.5. Mass and Heat Transfer Upon Dispersion 6. Dispersion in Gas ‐ Liquid (G/L) Systems 6.1. Physical Fundamentals of Mass Transfer 6.2. Mass‐Transfer Characteristics in the G/L System 6.2.1. Sorption Characteristics in Coalescence‐Bound Systems (Water) 6.2.2. Sorption Characteristics in Coalescence‐Inhibited Systems 6.2.3. Sorption Characteristics in Non‐Newtonian Material Systems 6.3. Stirrer Power in Gassed Liquids 6.4. Flooding Point 6.5. Special Gas ‐ Liquid Contacting Techniques</jats:styled-cont
High-Pressure Pulsatile Lavage Propagates Bacteria into Soft Tissue (2005)

Initial wound treatment is critical in the treatment of open fractures, contaminated wounds, and abscesses. Ample evidence suggests that high-pressure pulsatile lavage damages bone structure and disrupts soft tissue. We compared the depth of penetration and amount of retention of bacteria in contaminated soft tissue subjected to one of two lavage methods: high-pressure pulsatile and low-pressure gravity flow. Fresh ovine muscle was harvested, contaminated with fluorescently stained Staphylococcus aureus, and subjected to lavage treatment. Specimens in each lavage method group were subdivided based on orientation across or in line with the muscle fibers. High-pressure lavage causes increased depth of bacterial penetration (across: 3,835 microm; in line: 4,220 microm) when compared with low-pressure lavage (across: 1,680 microm; in line: 2,095 microm). Furthermore, both high-pressure treatment groups had higher numbers of retained bacteria as counted in 50 mum x 7,500 microm x 5 microm sections of tissue after lavage (across: 197; in line: 188) when compared with the low-pressure groups (across: 94; in line: 40). These results show that high-pressure pulsatile lavage causes deeper penetration of bacteria and results in greater bacterial retention in soft tissue when compared with low-pressure lavage.
E-commerce and the undulating distribution channel (2002)

Understanding the role of e-commerce in restructuring distribution channels by examining the factors influencing the collapse, shift, and expansion of channels.
Analysis of mechanical properties of single wall carbon nanotubes fixed at a tip apex by atomic force microscopy (2005)

International audience
The Retrieval of Information in an Elementary School Library Media Center (1997)

Abstract The problems encountered by elementary school children in retrieving information from a catalog, either the traditional card catalog or an OPAC, are the focus of this paper. This paper details an alternative system of classification using colors and symbols that was developed in The Common School of Amherst, Massachusetts. The case study finds that children do have the ability to use a classification scheme that is keyed to their developmental level and that employs both colors and symbols to facilitate their search efforts.
The Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridine synthesis as a route to bridged pyridine and dihydropyridine crown ethers (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridine synthesis as a route to bridged pyridine and dihydropyridine crown ethersRichard M. Kellogg, T. J. Van Bergen, Henk Van Doren, David Hedstrand, J. Kooi, Wim H. Kruizinga, and Coos Bram TroostwijkCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 14, 2854–2861Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01302a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01302a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1355Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fermentation and epiphytic microflora dynamics in sugar cane silage (2005)

Sugar cane silages are characterized by extensive yeast activity, alcohol production and great dry matter - DM - losses. Better knowledge of the fermentation process is fundamental to the development of efficient ensilage techniques for this forage. This study evaluates temporal changes in chemical composition, DM losses and epiphytic microflora in sugar cane silage. Mature sugar cane, variety RB835486 (12 months of vegetative growth), was hand harvested, processed in a stationary chopper and ensiled in 20-L plastic buckets provided with valves for gas release and a device for effluent collection. Laboratory silos were kept at ambient temperature and sampled after ½, 1, 2, 3, 7, 15, 45, 90, 120 and 180 days. Ethanol concentration reached 6.4% in DM after 15 days of ensilage, followed by 71% water soluble carbohydrates - WSCs - disappearance. Gas and total DM losses reached a plateau on day 45 (16% and 29% of DM, respectively). Yeast count was higher on the second day (5.05 log cfu g-1). Silage pH declined to below 4.0 on the third day. Effluent yield was negligible (20 kg t-1). DM content in the forage decreased (35% to 26%) from day 0 to day 45. The increase in ethanol concentration showed an opposite trend to WSCs and true in vitro dry matter digestibility reductions in the silage. Developing methods to control yeasts, most probably through the use of additives, will enable more efficient production of sugar cane silage by farmers.
Using Bayesian networks to analyze expression data (2000)

DNA hybridization arrays simultaneously measure the expression level for thousands of genes. These measurements provide a “snapshot” of transcription levels within the cell. A major challenge in computational biology is to uncover, from such measurements, gene/protein interactions and key biological features of cellular systems.
A wafer-scale-level system integrated LSI containing eleven 4-Mb DRAMs, six 64-kb SRAMs, and an 18 K-gate array (1992)

A system integrated LSI chip (SLSI) that contains eleven 4-Mb DRAMs, six 64-kb SRAMs, and an 18 K-gate array, for a graphics application system is described. To implement the SLSI on a silicon chip, three key techniques have been developed: (1) system redundancy for defect relief; (2) chip configuration and fabrication with blade masking to achieve a hybrid 38.16*50.4-mm/sup 2/ chip; and (3) large-capability and high-reliability 324-pin 54*86-mm/sup 2/ plastic pin grid array package. Using a system redundancy technique, a 60% yield for the SLSI is achieved with a 40% yield for the DRAM itself. That is twice the 30% yield of the conventional repair scheme. Access times are 65 ns for the DRAM and 14 ns for the SRAM with a 3.9-W chip power dissipation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A monoclonal antibody-cobra venom factor conjugate increases the tumor-specific uptake of a 99mTc-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody by a two-step approach. (1995)

Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have considerable potential for specific cancer treatment. However, due to the antigen heterogeneity and especially the low uptake in solid tumors, mabs have not been used successfully in most clinical trials to date. This study investigates the effects of a mab-cobra venom factor (CVF) conjugate in vitro and in vivo in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer model using nude rats. CVF, a nontoxic glycoprotein from cobra venom, permanently activates the alternative pathway of complement. Coupled to a mab with tumor-binding properties, the complement activation can be targeted to the tumor tissue. We studied the activity of a mab CA19-9-CVF conjugate with the human pancreatic cancer cells PancTu I. PancTu I cells express the complement resistance factors CD46, CD55, and CD59, as we demonstrated by immunostaining, an observation that may explain the lack of cytotoxicity of the CA19-9-CVF conjugate. However, using ELISA, Western blot, and immunostaining, we showed that CA19-9-CVF activates the complement cascade, including the release of the anaphylatoxin C3a, a mediator of an inflammatory reaction. The in vivo studies of CA19-9-CVF-treated nude rats showed an increased tumor infiltration by natural killer cells and macrophages. The tumor uptake of 99Tc-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody was increased approximately 2-fold in rats pretreated with 70 micrograms of CA19-9-CVF, compared to animals that received an equimolar mixture of noncoupled mab and CVF. This study indicates the value of mab-CVF conjugates in adjuvant immunotherapy. mab-CVF conjugates might be useful in pretargeting approaches by increasing the uptake of a therapeutic mab.
Consultancy and contract work: perspectives from New Zealand (2003)

Consultancy and contract work forms a small sector of the fields of librarianship, records management, archives, information management and knowledge management within New Zealand. This study shows the people operating as consultants and contractors within these areas share similar characteristics and concerns, some of which are congruent with their field of expertise, and others are more closely aligned with consultants and contractors working in other fields. A survey of those working in this sector provides details of the people involved, their work, the market, business practices, standards and codes, professional development and support, the New Zealand environment and the future.
Rainbow-trapping absorbers: Broadband, perfect and asymmetric sound absorption by subwavelength panels for transmission problems (2017)

Perfect, broadband and asymmetric sound absorption is theoretically, numerically and experimentally reported by using subwavelength thickness panels in a transmission problem. The panels are composed of a periodic array of varying crosssection waveguides, each of them being loaded by Helmholtz resonators (HRs) with graded dimensions. The low cut-off frequency of the absorption band is fixed by the resonance frequency of the deepest HR, that reduces drastically the transmission. The preceding HR is designed with a slightly higher resonance frequency with a geometry that allows the impedance matching to the surrounding medium. Therefore, reflection vanishes and the structure is critically coupled. This results in perfect sound absorption at a single frequency. We report perfect absorption at 300 Hz for a structure whose thickness is 40 times smaller than the wavelength. Moreover, this process is repeated by adding HRs to the waveguide, each of them with a higher resonance frequency than the preceding one. Using this frequency cascade effect, we report quasi-perfect sound absorption over almost two frequency octaves ranging from 300 to 1000 Hz for a panel composed of 9 resonators with a total thickness of 11 cm, i.e., 10 times smaller than the wavelength at 300 Hz.
Mutations in the <i>rpoB</i> Gene of Rifampin-Resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Strains Isolated Mostly in Asian Countries and Their Rapid Detection by Line Probe Assay (1999)

Mutations in the rpoB gene of 90 rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates mostly from Asian countries were analyzed. Ten distinct single-nucleotide substitutions were found among the isolates by automated sequencing. A 3-nucleotide insertion was found in two isolates, and no mutation was found in five isolates (5.6%). A reverse hybridization-based line probe assay (INNO-LiPA Rif TB) for rapid detection of the mutations was evaluated with these isolates. Concordance rates with sequencing results for five wild-type probes (S probes) and four probes for specific mutations (R probes) were 96.7 and 100%, respectively. The overall concordance rate with the in vitro susceptibility testing results was 92.2% (83 of 90 isolates). These results indicate that a commercial line probe assay kit may be useful for rapid diagnosis of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis.
Fast implementations of RSA cryptography (2002)

The authors detail and analyze the critical techniques that may be combined in the design of fast hardware for RSA cryptography: chinese remainders, star chains, Hensel's odd division (also known as Montgomery modular reduction), carry-save representation, quotient pipelining, and asynchronous carry completion adders. A fully operational PAM (programmable active memory) implementation of RSA that combines all of the techniques presented here delivers an RSA secret decryption rate over 600-kb/s for 512-b keys, and 165-kb/s for 1-kb keys. This is an order of magnitude faster than any previously reported running implementation. While the implementation makes full use of the PAM's reconfigurability, it is possible to derive from the (multiple PAM designs) implementation a (single) gate-array specification with estimated size under 100 K gates and speed over 1 Mb/s for RSA 512-b keys. Matching gains in software performance which are also analyzed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evaluation of Datacasting in the Mobile Environment (2007)

Datacasting employs the excess bandwidth from digital television signals for use in one-way data transmission, and it is being used successfully for high-speed downloads at fixed locations. There is considerable interest in extending datacast usage to mobile users, although there are reception challenges in the mobile environment that can significantly impact system performance. To explore the feasibility of using datacasting in this environment, datacasting receivers and data logging equipment have been installed in 10 emergency vehicles to record performance characteristics over a wide range of operational conditions. Summary conclusions from that study are described in this paper along with details about the equipment used to make the test and the environmental factors that were found to have the greatest impact on system performance. The use of the low-speed (9600 baud) VHF, emergency-band data channel in conjunction with the datacast channel to provide two- way data transmission is also evaluated and discussed for the mobile environment.
A Phase I-II trial of escalating doses of mitoxantrone with fixed doses of cytarabine plus fludarabine as salvage therapy for patients with acute leukemia and the blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia (1999)

The FLAM regimen is an active salvage regimen and should be formally evaluated in Phase II studies of patients with AML, ALL, and the myeloid and lymphoid blastic phases of CML.
Acyclic Guanidines as Organic Catalysts for Living Polymerization of Lactide (2010)

We describe a facile route to structurally diverse guanidinium organic catalysts by reaction of carbodiimides with secondary amines. The efficacy of these catalysts for the living ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide was demonstrated including predictable molecular weights and end-group fidelity. Theoretical studies indicate that the acyclic guanidines are less basic than 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), but as for the more active TBD, they catalyze ring opening by activation of the alcohol and by stabilizing the resultant tetrahedral intermediates through hydrogen bonding. These results demonstrate that weak secondary interactions are an important concept for controlled polymerization.
Membrane-Based Characterization of a Gas Component — A Transient Sensor Theory (2014)

Based on a multi-gas solution-diffusion problem for a dense symmetrical membrane this paper presents a transient theory of a planar, membrane-based sensor cell for measuring gas from both initial conditions: dynamic and thermodynamic equilibrium. Using this theory, the ranges for which previously developed, simpler approaches are valid will be discussed; these approaches are of vital interest for membrane-based gas sensor applications. Finally, a new theoretical approach is introduced to identify varying gas components by arranging sensor cell pairs resulting in a concentration independent gas-specific critical time. Literature data for the N2, O2, Ar, CH4, CO2, H2 and C4H10 diffusion coefficients and solubilities for a polydimethylsiloxane membrane were used to simulate gas specific sensor responses. The results demonstrate the influence of (i) the operational mode; (ii) sensor geometry and (iii) gas matrices (air, Ar) on that critical time. Based on the developed theory the case-specific suitable membrane materials can be determined and both operation and design options for these sensors can be optimized for individual applications. The results of mixing experiments for different gases (O2, CO2) in a gas matrix of air confirmed the theoretical predictions.
Development and validation of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire – Adult Form (2009)

The FAQLQ-AF is the first disease-specific HRQL questionnaire for food allergic adults and reflects the most important issues that food allergic patients have to face. The questionnaire is valid, reliable and discriminates between patients with different disease characteristics. The FAQLQ-AF is short and easy to use and may therefore be a useful tool in clinical research.