gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A capacitor charging power supply for repetitive pulsed power systems (2011)

This paper proposes a new combined voltage and current control technique for a non-isolated DC-DC converter to meet the output requirements of capacitor charging power supplies for pulsed power applications. Low input voltage, simplicity of structure and control, over voltage and current protections are the salient features of the proposed topology.
The BDNF Val<sup>66</sup>Met × 5‐HTTLPR × child adversity interaction and depressive symptoms: An attempt at replication (2007)

Kaufman et al. [2006] reported a higher order interaction effect between specific genetic and environmental factors in a model of depressive symptoms, requiring independent replication. BDNF Val(66)Met and 5-HTTLPR genotypes were determined in female participants pertaining to a large ongoing twin study. Participants also filled in questionnaires on childhood adversity and depressive symptoms. Two- and three-way interactions between genetic polymorphisms and early adversity were examined in models of depressive symptoms. BDNF Met allele(s) moderated the effect of early adversity on depressive symptoms (two-way interaction), and this BDNF Met x childhood adversity interaction in turn was moderated by 5-HTTLPR genotype (three-way interaction). However, a main effect of BDNF Met on childhood adversity was also observed, possibly indicating confounding by gene-environment correlation. Higher order interaction effects involving BDNF Val(66)Met, 5-HTTLPR and childhood adversity may contribute to the etiology of depressive illness.
<title>Specular spectral profilometry on metal layers</title> (2000)

With the advent of deep sub-micron semiconductor technology, metrology for metal interconnects becomes more critical. In addition to the line width, information about the height and the sidewall profile is needed to ensure good circuit performance. Conventional metrology tools such as CD SEMs and AFMs are either unable to measure the profile, or too slow for production process control. Scatterometry is a promising candidate as in situ, full-profile metrology tool. In this method, scattering of broadband light (240 nm to 760 nm) on periodical structures is simulated by approximating the structure with a finite series of Fourier expansion terms. By comparing the measured spectrum and the simulated spectra for various possible profiles in a precalculated library, the profile can be extracted. Previous work has shown good results on resist structures. For metal structures, however, more diffraction orders need to be included to accurately simulate light scattering. In this study, a library for 0.22 micrometer line and 0.44 micrometer space metal grating structures is generated using 31 orders. The profiles of metal grating structures of the same size are extracted using this library. Our data shows that the correlation between CD-SEM and scatterometry-based profile extraction appears to be related to the sidewall angle of the profile. These discrepancies will be analyzed and discussed.
Magneto-Optical Readout from a Magnetized Nonspecular Oxide Surface (1963)

This paper describes a magneto-optical method for obtaining visual display and electronic readout of magnetic information recorded on a nonspecular oxide surface. A recorded oxide surface is placed in contact with a specular ferromagnetic surface, an external magnetic field is applied normal to the two surfaces in contact; and the recorded information is read out by means of the Kerr effect through the back of the specular surface. The method is a useful tool for studying defects in the writing process independently of the reading process in investigations of magnetic recording on oxide surfaces. It was observed that when the external field was applied, the magnetic pattern was either sharpened or caused to spread, depending on the polarity of the field.
Characteristics of COVID-19 Recurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021)

This study summarized up-to-date evidence from case reports, case series, and observational studies for the characteristic of COVID-19 recurrence cases after discharge. It is recommended to pay attention to follow-up patients after discharge, even if they have been in discharge quarantine.
Solvent-Free Fabrication of Rare LaCO<sub>3</sub>OH Luminescent Superstructures (2009)

Lanthanum hydroxycarbonate (LaCO(3)OH) superstructures [LHS] decorated with carbon spheres are synthesized by a solvent-free, one-pot Reactions under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature (RAPET) process, dissociating a single lanthanum acetate hydrate (LAH) precursor. The structure of the as-synthesized LHS are studied by powder X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, morphology by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and the composition by energy dispersive X-ray analysis, elemental mapping, as well as FT-IR spectroscopy. The photoluminescence results showed an emission band centered at 465 nm (lambda = exc. 360 nm) for the hexagonal phase of LHS. The mechanistic elucidation for the fabrication of LaCO(3)OH decorated with carbon spheres is developed on the basis of obtained thermal [TGA and DTA] data on initial LAH reactant.
Paracrine interactions of basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin-6 in multiple myeloma (2003)

Myeloma cells express basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an angiogenic cytokine triggering marrow neovascularization in multiple myeloma (MM). In solid tumors and some lymphohematopoietic malignancies, angiogenic cytokines have also been shown to stimulate tumor growth via paracrine pathways. Since interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a potent growth and survival factor for myeloma cells, we have studied the effects of bFGF on IL-6 secretion by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and its potential reverse regulation in myeloma cells. Both myeloma-derived cell lines and myeloma cells isolated from the marrow of MM patients were shown to express and secrete bFGF. Cell-sorting studies identified myeloma cells as the predominant source of bFGF in MM marrow. BMSCs from MM patients and control subjects expressed high-affinity FGF receptors R1 through R4. Stimulation of BMSCs with bFGF induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in IL-6 secretion (median, 2-fold; P <.001), which was completely abrogated by anti-bFGF antibodies. Conversely, stimulation with IL-6 enhanced bFGF expression and secretion by myeloma cell lines (2-fold; P =.02) as well as MM patient cells (up to 3.6-fold; median, 1.5-fold; P =.002). This effect was inhibited by anti-IL-6 antibody. When myeloma cells were cocultured with BMSCs in a noncontact transwell system, both IL-6 and bFGF concentrations in coculture supernatants increased 2- to 3-fold over the sum of basal concentrations in the monoculture controls. The IL-6 increase was again partially, but significantly, inhibited by anti-bFGF. The data demonstrate a paracrine interaction between myeloma and marrow stromal cells triggered by mutual stimulation of bFGF and IL-6.
Prevention of tuberculosis. (1989)

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. One billion people are infected with the tubercle bacillus, and there are 8 million new cases and 3 million deaths annually. Existing methods of preventing TB are effective, but due to economic and societal constraints, have not been applied throughout the world. Examples of primary prevention include case management and contact investigation, environmental control and vaccination. Secondary prevention is achieved by chemotherapy. The efficiency and use of these various methods will be reviewed, and areas for future study will be discussed.
TTAA serves as the target site for TFP3 lepidopteran transposon insertions in both nuclear polyhedrosis virus and <i>Trichoplusia ni</i> genomes (1993)

We have analysed TFP3 transposable elements from five independently isolated FP mutants of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhderosis virus (AcMNPV). We also analysed genomic copies of TFP3 elements amplified from the DNAs of the Trichoplusia ni cell line (TN-368) and T. ni larvae using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sequences of all the newly isolated TFP3 elements closely resemble the previously described TFP3/1 element. Each of the transposons isolated from the virus mutants duplicated a TTAA tetranucleotide target site upon insertion into the viral genome. Four of these TFP3 elements transposed into three different 'TTAA' target sites within the 25 K gene (FP locus, map units 36-37 of AcMNPV). The fifth TFP3 element inserted at a 'TTAA' site within the AcMNPV Hin dIII-E fragment. One genomic TFP3 element, amplified from the TN-368 cell line DNA by an inverse PCR method, duplicated a 'TTAA' tetranucleotide target site that is present only once in the homologous larval DNA sequence. These data suggest that mobilization of TFP3 into both viral and cellular sites is identical in specificity and mechanism.
Three Body Λ <i>N</i><i>N</i> Force in Nuclear Matter (1992)

Phenomenological hyperon-nucleon potentials are set up which fit all the available AN and 2:N scatterings.Then it is found that the three body ANN force contributes about -20 MeV to the binding energy of a A in nuclear matter.On the other hand, Bodmer and Usmani estimated it by using meson theoretical potential and they obtained it to be -25 to -30 MeV.Meson theoretical estimates give rather stronger repulsion than phenomenological ones.The origin of three body 3N force has been first suggested by Miyazawa 1) and some estimates have been done with his collaborators 2 ) and others.3The three body ANN force as the extension of Miyazawa's method has been discusse-d for the binding energies of light hypernuclei like ~H and :iHe by Nogami and his collaborators,4),5) the importance of that has been realized in the connection with the overbinding problems of :iHe and the binding energy of a A in nuclear matter.The experimental binding energy of :iHe is 3.12±0.02MeV.The "empirical" binding energy of a A in nuclear matter is-obtained to be about 30 MeV.However theoretical estimates were generally much larger than these values.This was so-called overbinding problems which was once outstanding problems.There were two methods to solve this problem; one was to introduce the three body ANN force 4 ),5) in one-channel formalism (OCF) which had only A component, the other was to consider AN-I:N coupling (AI: conversion) together with the Pauli principle in two-channel formalism (TCF) which had A and I: components. 6)-9)
Spatial distribution of pulmonary sound transmission (1992)

Sonic noise transmission from the mouth to the posterior chest wall was measured in 11 healthy subjects. The ratios of transmitted intensities R to analogous sites over the right (R) and left (L) lung fields were estimated over 3 frequency bands: 100–600, 600–1100, and 1100–1600 Hz. A significant R to L dominance in R was observed at the upper site at low frequencies and conversely, a significant L to R dominance was observed at the lateral site at high frequencies. A theoretical model of sound transmission that includes the asymmetrical anatomy of the mediastinal structures is in agreement with the observations at low frequencies. These findings suggest that the pathways of sound transmission to the chest wall change significantly over the measured frequency range.
Multiband Handset Antenna Combining a PIFA, Slots, and Ground Plane Modes (2009)

A multiband handset antenna combining a PIFA and multiple slots on a ground plane is presented. It is shown by means of simulations that the slots on the ground plane have a double function: to tune the ground plane resonance at low frequencies (f ¿ 900 MHz) and to act as parasitic radiators at high frequencies (f ¿ 1800 MHz). A prototype is designed and built featuring a behavior suitable for low frequencies (GSM850 and GSM900) and for high frequencies spanning from DCS1800 to Bluetooth, and including, for instance, PCS1900, UMTS2000, and other possible systems. Reflection coefficient, efficiency, and radiation patterns are measured and compared with a design without slots to prove the advantages of the slotted ground plane. The component effect is investigated to determine critical areas where the placement is not recommended. Besides, the effect of the slot of the ground plane on SAR is investigated, by discussing the effect of the ground plane and slot modes for two phone positions. The total antenna volume of the proposed design is 40 × 15 × 6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> .
MarioNETte: Few-shot Face Reenactment Preserving Identity of Unseen Targets (2019)

When there is a mismatch between the target identity and the driver identity, face reenactment suffers severe degradation in the quality of the result, especially in a few-shot setting. The identity preservation problem, where the model loses the detailed information of the target leading to a defective output, is the most common failure mode. The problem has several potential sources such as the identity of the driver leaking due to the identity mismatch, or dealing with unseen large poses. To overcome such problems, we introduce components that address the mentioned problem: image attention block, target feature alignment, and landmark transformer. Through attending and warping the relevant features, the proposed architecture, called MarioNETte, produces high-quality reenactments of unseen identities in a few-shot setting. In addition, the landmark transformer dramatically alleviates the identity preservation problem by isolating the expression geometry through landmark disentanglement. Comprehensive experiments are performed to verify that the proposed framework can generate highly realistic faces, outperforming all other baselines, even under a significant mismatch of facial characteristics between the target and the driver.
High catalytic activity of Au/CeO <sub>x</sub> /TiO <sub>2</sub> (110) controlled by the nature of the mixed-metal oxide at the nanometer level (2009)

Mixed-metal oxides play a very important role in many areas of chemistry, physics, materials science, and geochemistry. Recently, there has been a strong interest in understanding phenomena associated with the deposition of oxide nanoparticles on the surface of a second (host) oxide. Here, scanning tunneling microscopy, photoemission, and density-functional calculations are used to study the behavior of ceria nanoparticles deposited on a TiO(2)(110) surface. The titania substrate imposes nontypical coordination modes on the ceria nanoparticles. In the CeO(x)/TiO(2)(110) systems, the Ce cations adopt an structural geometry and an oxidation state (+3) that are quite different from those seen in bulk ceria or for ceria nanoparticles deposited on metal substrates. The increase in the stability of the Ce(3+) oxidation state leads to an enhancement in the chemical and catalytic activity of the ceria nanoparticles. The codeposition of ceria and gold nanoparticles on a TiO(2)(110) substrate generates catalysts with an extremely high activity for the production of hydrogen through the water-gas shift reaction (H(2)O + CO --> H(2) + CO(2)) or for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (2CO + O(2) --> 2CO(2)). The enhanced stability of the Ce(3+) state is an example of structural promotion in catalysis described here on the atomic level. The exploration of mixed-metal oxides at the nanometer level may open avenues for optimizing catalysts through stabilization of unconventional surface structures with special chemical activity.
EFFECTS OF INGESTING A SUPPLEMENT DESIGNED TO ENHANCE CREATINE UPTAKE ON BODY COMPOSITION DURING TRAINING 832 (1997)

Creatine supplementation has been reported to increase total body mass and/or fat free mass (FFM). Recent studies indicate that glucose, sodium and taurine may enhance creatine uptake. This study examined the effects of ingesting a supplement (Phosphagen HP™) containing creatine, glucose, taurine & electrolytes on body composition alterations during training. In a double-blind and randomized manner, 25 NCAA division IA football players were matched-paired and assigned to supplement their diet for 28 days with a placebo (P) containing 99 g/d of glucose, 3 g/d of taurine, 1.1 g/d of disodium phosphate and 1.2 g/d of potassium phosphate (P) or this glucose/electrolyte mixture with the addition of 15.75 g/d of HPCE pure creatine monohydrate (Cr). Subjects' training consisted of 5 hr/wk of resistance-training and 3 hr/wk of agility/sprint training. Total body weight, total body water, and body composition measurements were assessed on days 0 and 28 of supplementation using a digital scale, a Valhalla 1990b bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) and a Hologic QDR-2000 enhanced array dual energy x-ray absorpitometer (DEXA), respectively. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc analysis and are presented as mean±SEM changes from baseline for the P and Cr groups, respectively. Results revealed that total body weight significantly increased (p<0.05) in the Cr group (P 0.85±0.6; Cr 2.42±0.4 kg). No significant differences were observed in BIA determined total body water (P-0.04±0.2; Cr -0.01±0.2%). DEXA whole body analysis (excluding cranium) revealed that scanned body mass (P 1.34±0.8; Cr 2.22±0.5 kg) and FFM (P 1.33±0.3; Cr 2.43±0.4 kg) were significantly increased in the Cr group. No significant differences were observed in bone mass (P 22±11; Cr 48±17 g), fat mass (P-0.6±0.4; Cr -0.3±0.3 kg), or percent body fat (P-0.8±0.4; Cr -0.8±0.4%). Results indicate that ingestion of the Cr with glucose, taurine & electrolytes during training promoted greater gains in body mass and FFM in comparison to ingesting glucose, taurine and electrolytes alone. These changes could not be explained by increases in total body water. Results suggest that this nutritional strategy may be effective in enhancing gains in FFM during training. However, additional research is necessary.
Applying bifocal displays to topological maps (1995)

Presentation techniques for topological networks can be broadly classified as distortion‐oriented and nondistortion‐oriented. Although there has been a growing interest in applying various distortion‐oriented techniques, the application of an earlier example, the bifocal display, has so far been underexploited. This article describes a number of human‐computer interface techniques potentially relevant to the presentation and navigation of topological networks associated with transport systems, and describes a preliminary experimental study of a number of techniques for presenting the London Underground map as part of a real‐time information system for travelers.
How to Exercise Power When You Have Limited Authority (1998)

This article will describe how salaried FPs can influence the actions of leaders in their organizations by understanding what motivates organizational leaders, identifying the right people to influence, and taking the right approach with them.
Prototyping time- and space-efficient computations of algebraic operations over dynamically reconfigurable systems modeled by rewriting-logic (2006)

Many algebraic operations can be efficiently implemented as pipe networks in arrays of functional units such as systolic arrays that provide a large amount of parallelism. However, the applicability of classical systolic arrays is restricted to problems with strictly regular data dependencies yielding only arrays with uniform linear pipes. This limitation can be circumvented by using reconfigurable systolic arrays or reconfigurable data path arrays, where the node interconnections and operations can be redefined even at run time. In this context, several alternative reconfigurable systolic architectures can be explored and powerful tools are needed to model and evaluate them. Well-known rewriting-logic environments such as ELAN and Maude can be used to specify and simulate complex application-specific integrated systems. In this article we propose a methodology based on rewriting-logic which is adequate to quickly model and evaluate reconfigurable architectures (RA) in general and, in particular, reconfigurable systolic architectures. As an interesting case study we apply this rewriting-logic modeling methodology to the space-efficient treatment of the Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT). The FFT prototype conceived in this way, has been specified and validated in VHDL using the Quartus II system.
All-fiber Audio Transmission System and the Security (2005)

A new-style fiber audio transmission method that can be used in the long distance transmission is presented,which performs signal modulation by the strain-optic effects and signal demodulation by the all-fiber interferometer.Both the principles of the audio transmission and the capabilities of secure communication are studied.Through the experiments of the sinusoidal signals in the frequency range of 300～3 400 Hz and the audio signals,the system shows good capabilities,robust security and maintains audio integrity.The system is applicable in the field of point to point security communication of 40 km long transmission range.
Energy-efficient mobile video management using smartphones (2011)

Mobile devices are increasingly popular for the versatile capture and delivery of video content. However, the acquisition and transmission of large amounts of video data on mobile devices face fundamental challenges such as power and wireless bandwidth constraints. To support diverse mobile video applications, it is critical to overcome these challenges. We present a design framework that brings together several key ideas to enable energy-efficient mobile video management applications. First, we leverage off-the-shelf smartphones as mobile video sensors. Second, concurrently with video recordings we acquire geospatial sensor meta-data to describe the videos. Third, we immediately upload the meta-data to a server to enable low latency video search. This last step allows for very energy-efficient transmissions, as the sensor data sets are small and the bulky video data can be uploaded on demand, if and when needed. We present the design, a simulation study, and a preliminary prototype of the proposed system. Experimental results show that our approach substantially prolongs the battery life of mobile devices while only slightly increasing the search
Implicit integration of elastoplastic constitutive models for frictional materials with highly non-linear hardening functions (1997)

Constitutive relations in elastoplasticity may be formulated in a variety of ways, and different update algorithms may be employed to solve the resulting equations. Several implicit integration schemes, although some not widely used, have been suggested in the last years. Among them, the closest point projection method (CPPM) has proven to be an effective and robust integration scheme. In order to gain maximum control of the stress projection, a two-level CPPM iteration scheme is proposed. The hardening variables are fixed during the stress projection onto consequently fixed yield surfaces, and after the stress projection, new values of the hardening variables are calculated defining new yield surfaces. The update of the hardening parameters which, in general, may be highly nonlinear functions, may be determined by a combination of a Picard Iteration (PI) on the hardening variables and an adaptative order inverse interpolation (AOII) on the difference of subsequent iterations of the hardening variables. The integration scheme has been implemented in a general constitutive driver which has been formulated independent of the selected constitutive model and easily linked to finite element codes. A third stress invariant dependent, cone–cap elastoplastic constitutive model, referred to as the MRS–Lade, with a highly non-linear hardening function has been used to show the applicability of the proposed iteration scheme. Error analyses and accuracy assessment are presented along with some representative test results. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd