gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Co-Fe metal/native-oxide multilayers: a new direction in soft magnetic thin film design II. Microscopic characteristics and interactions (2005)

Co/sub x/Fe/sub 100-x/ metal/native-oxide multilayer (MNOM) films exhibit soft magnetic properties, large magnetization, high resistivity, and a potential operating bandwidth of several gigahertz. These attractive characteristics are facilitated by ultrathin magnetic native oxide layers introduced to provide a high-resistivity barrier between nanocrystalline metal layers while preserving interlayer coupling and contributing to the net moment. This paper addresses several important features of the MNOM system from a microscopic perspective. The uniaxial anisotropy of MNOM thin films is discussed in detail and "exchange averaging" is invoked to account for its vanishingly small effective dispersion. The role of the native oxide in establishing interlayer exchange coupling is demonstrated, and a detailed account of the nature of the oxide is presented. In the Fe MNOM system, the oxide is shown to have a volume-averaged magnetization of 732(35) emu/cm/sup 3/, with a temperature dependence comparable to that of metallic Fe. The magnetism of this largely "interfacial" oxide is supported by the metal and collapses in the absence of the metal. The oxide retains a large net moment for Co fractions up to at least x=50, but oxide magnetism is lost at high Co fractions, coinciding with the loss of soft magnetic properties.
Status Report on the NBMEʼs Computer-based Testing (1990)

Dr. Boker and Dr. Berner are in the Office of Educational Development, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama.
Obesity and kidney disease: Hidden consequences of the epidemic (2017)

Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, and its prevalence has been projected to grow by 40% in the next decade. This increasing prevalence has implications for the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and also for Chronic Kidney Disease. A high body mass index is one of the strongest risk factors for new-onset Chronic Kidney Disease. In individuals affected by obesity, a compensatory hyperfiltration occurs to meet the heightened metabolic demands of the increased body weight. The increase in intraglomerular pressure can damage the kidneys and raise the risk of developing Chronic Kidney Disease in the long-term. The incidence of obesity-related glomerulopathy has increased tenfold in recent years. Obesity has also been shown to be a risk factor for nephrolithiasis, and for a number of malignancies including kidney cancer. This year the World Kidney Day promotes education on the harmful consequences of obesity and its association with kidney disease, advocating healthy lifestyle and health policy measures that makes preventive behaviors an affordable option.
Brief Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Studies in the Development of Intraperitoneal Radioimmunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer (2007)

Due to the generally slow and incomplete transit of i.p. infused agents into the circulation, treating disease confined to the peritoneal cavity with chemotherapy, biologics, and/or radionuclides provides a pharmacologic advantage. A higher i.p. concentration can be achieved than could be tolerated by systemic administration. An advantage of i.p. versus i.v. administration for localization of radiolabeled antibodies to small peritoneal surface disease has been shown in animal model and human biopsy studies (1, 2). A recent phase III Gynecologic Oncology Group chemotherapy trial has confirmed a survival advantage for i.p. delivery among women undergoing initial therapy for advanced ovarian cancer (3). Although the therapy was more difficult to tolerate such that 60% of patients randomized to the i.p. arm did not complete the entire regimen, there was a 16-month survival advantage. I.p. radionuclide therapy has been used in treatment of ovarian cancer for more than three decades, but side effects have been problematic in non-tumor-targeted 32P therapy (4). Efforts to improve specificity have used a number of antigens expressed on ovarian cancer cells as targets for selective delivery of radionuclide-conjugates. Mouse models and cell culture have been prominent for preclinical study of agents and strategies in the development of i.p. targeted radionuclide therapy for ovarian cancer. Animal studies, which have directed clinical trials, have shown clear improvement in survival with various modifications including combination chemotherapy, pretargeting, and combination of antibodies over simply delivery of a radiolabeled antibody via i.p. route.
Chemistry and Kinetics of Polyimide Degradation (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry and Kinetics of Polyimide DegradationCharles Arnold Jr. and L. K. BorgmanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1972, 11, 3, 322–325Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360043a014https://doi.org/10.1021/i360043a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views441Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Plum and Fresh Prune Postharvest Quality Maintenance Guidelines (2000)

Plums (Prunus salicina) are mainly used for fresh consumption and not for drying. Plums are also used for canning, freezing, and jam and jelly making. The Japanese plum is native to China, but was domesticated in Japan 400 years ago. It was first brought to California from Japan in 1870 by John Kelsey. In 1885, Luther Burbank imported about 12 seeds from Japan, and used them to breed many cultivars. The plum industry has increased throughout California (mainly in the central San Joaquin Valley) where most Japanese plums in the United States are grown.
Screen printable Ag-Al metal pastes for p<sup>+</sup> silicon application in solar cells (2010)

In this work, we present the development of a new series of screen printable metal contact pastes for p+ doped Si surfaces in solar cells. The p-surface contact metallization is needed for new devices based on n-type wafers and for bifacial cells. The pastes discussed in this paper are lead-free and phthalate-free to address health and environmental concerns. The new series of pastes not only satisfy this expectation but also meet viscosity and printability requirements as well as performance related parameters such as contact resistance. A series of conductive pastes was formulated by varying metal components and glass chemistry. A sequence of analytical experiments was performed to identify the correlation between the paste chemistry and electrical characteristics including bulk resistivity and contact resistance. A cross section SEM study was conducted to identify a potential contact mechanism that reveals a correlation between the metal paste uniform shape spikes and contact resistance.
Improving Transfer Learning and Squeeze- and-Excitation Networks for Small-Scale Fine-Grained Fish Image Classification (2018)

Scientific studies on species composition and abundance distribution of fishes have considerable importance to the fishery industry, biodiversity protection, and marine ecosystem. In these studies, fish images are typically collected with the help of scuba divers or autonomous underwater vehicles. These images are then annotated manually by marine biologists. Such a process is certainly a tremendous waste of manpower and material resources. In recent years, the introduction of deep learning has helped making remarkable progress in this area. However, fish image classification can be considered as fine-grained problem, which is more challenging than common image classification, especially with low-quality and small-scale data. Meanwhile, well-known effective convolutional neural networks (CNNs) consistently require a large quantity of high-quality data. This paper presents a new method by improving transfer learning and squeeze-and-excitation networks for fine-grained fish image classification on low-quality and small-scale datasets. Our method enhances data augmentation through super-resolution reconstruction to enlarge the dataset with high-quality images, pre-pretrains, and pretrains to learn common and domain knowledge simultaneously while fine-tuning with professional skill. In addition, refined squeeze-and-excitation blocks are designed to improve bilinear CNNs for a fine-grained classification. Unlike well-known CNNs for image classification, our method can classify images with insufficient low-quality training data. Moreover, we compare the performance of our method with commonly used CNNs on small-scale fine-grained datasets, namely, Croatian and QUT fish datasets. The experimental results show that our method outperforms popular CNNs with higher fish classification accuracy, which indicates its potential applications in combination with other newly updated CNNs.
Aggregation Properties of Whey Protein Hydrolysates Generated with <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> Proteinase Activities (2005)

Hydrolysis of whey protein concentrate (WPC) with Alcalase 2.4 L, a Bacillus licheniformis proteinase preparation, induces gelation. The aggregation behavior of WPC hydrolysates generated with Alcalase and Prolyve 1000, a Bacillus licheniformis proteinase that did not induce gelation, were studied by turbidity and particle size analysis. With the use of synthetic peptide substrates, it was shown that Alcalase contains a glutamyl endopeptidase (GE) activity not present in Prolyve. Comparison of the aggregation behavior of WPC hydrolysates generated with Alcalase, Prolyve, and combinations of Prolyve with a GE activity isolated from Alcalase showed that GE was responsible for the observed enzyme-induced peptide aggregation in Alcalase hydrolysates. Hydrolysates generated with Prolyve, having a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 11.8% and 10.4% of peptide material greater than 10 kDa, could be induced to aggregate by the addition of GE. These results emphasize the contribution of enzyme specificity to the physicochemical and functional characteristics of proteinase hydrolysates of WPC.
Anaplerotic Role for Cytosolic Malic Enzyme in Engineered <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Strains (2010)

Malic enzyme catalyzes the reversible oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate and CO(2). The Saccharomyces cerevisiae MAE1 gene encodes a mitochondrial malic enzyme whose proposed physiological roles are related to the oxidative, malate-decarboxylating reaction. Hitherto, the inability of pyruvate carboxylase-negative (Pyc(-)) S. cerevisiae strains to grow on glucose suggested that Mae1p cannot act as a pyruvate-carboxylating, anaplerotic enzyme. In this study, relocation of malic enzyme to the cytosol and creation of thermodynamically favorable conditions for pyruvate carboxylation by metabolic engineering, process design, and adaptive evolution, enabled malic enzyme to act as the sole anaplerotic enzyme in S. cerevisiae. The Escherichia coli NADH-dependent sfcA malic enzyme was expressed in a Pyc(-) S. cerevisiae background. When PDC2, a transcriptional regulator of pyruvate decarboxylase genes, was deleted to increase intracellular pyruvate levels and cells were grown under a CO(2) atmosphere to favor carboxylation, adaptive evolution yielded a strain that grew on glucose (specific growth rate, 0.06 ± 0.01 h(-1)). Growth of the evolved strain was enabled by a single point mutation (Asp336Gly) that switched the cofactor preference of E. coli malic enzyme from NADH to NADPH. Consistently, cytosolic relocalization of the native Mae1p, which can use both NADH and NADPH, in a pyc1,2Δ pdc2Δ strain grown under a CO(2) atmosphere, also enabled slow-growth on glucose. Although growth rates of these strains are still low, the higher ATP efficiency of carboxylation via malic enzyme, compared to the pyruvate carboxylase pathway, may contribute to metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae for anaerobic, high-yield C(4)-dicarboxylic acid production.
Topical review Fluorescence near interfaces: the role of photonic mode density (1998)

Abstract. A review of ¯uorescence near interfaces is presented. Recent work that examines the role of photonic mode density in this process is surveyed and the underlying concepts discussed. The review includes an examination of the role of surface and waveguide modes, as well as non-radiative decay. The importance of textured surfaces in providing large changes in photonic mode density and in coupling non-radiative modes to radiation is highlighted. Indications are given for future areas of research and on how photonic mode density may in¯uence optical processes other than ¯uorescence. 1. Scope An interface may alter the way an excited molecule loses energy through ¯uorescence in two ways. Firstly, by modifying the boundary conditions of the electromagnetic ®eld, it may alter both the radiative decay rate and the spatial distribution of the emitted radiation. Secondly, the excited molecule may lose its energy to the interface via non-radiative energy transfer. It is the purpose of this review to examine the concepts, to elucidate the underlying physics and to discuss
Hawaiian Helminths 1. Trigonocryptus conus n. gen., n. sp. (Trematoda: Fellodistomidae) (1958)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Über das magnetische Verhalten der Intermetallischen Phasen vom NaTl‐Typ (1955)

Abstract Es wurde das magnetische Verhalten von NaIn, NaTl, LiAl, LiIn, LiZn und LiCd untersucht. Diese Legierungen sind z. T. schwach dia‐, z. T. schwach paramagnetisch. Die von Zintl im magnetischen Verhalten erwartete Sonderstellung von LiZn und LiCd wurde nicht gefunden.
Hypervalent Iodine in Synthesis XXI: A Facile Method for the Preparation of Thiosulfonic S-Esters by the Oxidation of Diaryl Disulfides or Thiophenols with Phenyliodine (III)<i>bis</i>(Trifluoroacetate) (1997)

Abstract Phenyliodine (III) bis (trifluoroacetate) can be used to readily oxidize diaryl disulfides or thiophenols to corresponding thiosulfonic S-esters with good yields under very mild conditions.
Critical Biochemical Functions of Isolated Hepatocytes as Sensitive Indicators of Chemical Toxicity (1984)

Critical Biochemical Functions of Isolated Hepatocytes as Sensitive Indicators of Chemical Toxicity. GOETHALS, F., KRACK, G., DEBOYSER, D., VOSSEN, P., AND ROBERFROID, M., (1984). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 4, 441–450. Isolated hepatocytes from adult male Wistar rats are a suitable experimental model to study the cytotoxity of chemicals. Indeed, the isolated cells incubated in suspension in a Waymouth medium supplemented with 10% newborn calf serum maintain critical biochemical functions such as cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activity, glycogen, and protein synthesis capacities. This cellular model is used to detect the early biochemical effects of various xenobiotics, i.e., chlorpromazine, promethazine, bromobenzene, paracetamol, and isoniazid. Both cellular lysis (measured by the LDH leakage) and metabolic competence of the hepatocytes (glycogen deposits and protein synthesis) are modified as a function of both the duration of exposure to, and the concentration of, the chemicals. These results point out that the evaluation of metabolic functions of isolated cells surviving in suspension might be a sensitive test to predict early cell injury. Indeed, changes in the cellular behavior may occur before or without cell death. Furthermore, since both the cytochrome P-450 content and its dependent monooxygenase activity together with critical biochemical functions of the isolated cells remain stable, this model is of significant interest in ascertaining the mechanisms of toxicity.
A 5 GHz above-IC FBAR Low Phase Noise Balanced Oscillator (2006)

In this paper, a 5 GHz FBAR based balanced oscillator is presented. The FBAR resonator was integrated directly above the 0.35 mum BiCMOS IC oscillator. The use of the balanced configuration allows dividing by two the electrodes resistance of the FBAR. Therefore, better phase noise is obtained comparatively to the single ended version. The measured phase noise is -121 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz from 5.46 GHz carrier frequency. Furthermore, the differential output allows direct driving of the divider and mixer, which are generally balanced, without the need of a single-ended to differential converter
Isolation and identification of major metabolites of rifalazil in mouse and human (1999)

1. Three metabolites of rifalazil have been isolated from dog urine and identified as 25-deacetyl-rifalazil, 30-hydroxy-rifalazil and 25-deacetyl-30-hydroxy-rifalazil. In the current study major metabolites of rifalazil in mouse and human were isolated and identified, and their antimicrobial activities determined. 2. Urinary excretion of rifalazil and its metabolites in six mouse strains, CD-1 (ICR), BALB/c, C57BL/6, C3H/He, DBA/2 and CBA/J, was examined. Two major metabolites were detected in mouse urine obtained after several oral doses, and the proportion of rifalazil metabolites against total urinary excretion varied over a 2-fold range (4.8-8.7%) in the different mouse strains. 3. One of two major metabolites in mouse urine was 25-deacetyl-rifalazil and the other was unknown: it was isolated from mouse urine and identified by ms and 1H- and 13C-nmr as 32-hydroxy-rifalazil. 4. In human, two major metabolites of rifalazil were detected in urine obtained after administration of a single oral dose. These metabolites were also produced by incubation of rifalazil with pooled human liver microsomes, and identified by lc/ms and lc/ms/ms as 25-deacetyl-rifalazil and 32-hydroxy-rifalazil. 5. The antimicrobial activities of 32-hydroxy-rifalazil against gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria were similar with those of the parent compound.
Improving Reliability and Scalability of LoRaWANs Through Lightweight Scheduling (2018)

Providing low power and long range (LoRa) connectivity is the goal of most Internet of Things networks, e.g., LoRa, but keeping communication reliable is challenging. LoRa networks are vulnerable to the capture effect. Cell-edge nodes have a high chance of losing packets due to collisions, especially when high spreading factors (SFs) are used that increase time on air. Moreover, LoRa networks face the problem of scalability when they connect thousands of nodes that access the shared channels randomly. In this paper, we propose a new MAC layer-RS-LoRa-to improve reliability and scalability of LoRa wide-area networks (LoRaWANs). The key innovation is a two-step lightweight scheduling: 1) a gateway schedules nodes in a coarse-grained manner through dynamically specifying the allowed transmission powers and SFs on each channel and 2) based on the coarse-grained scheduling information, a node determines its own transmission power, SF, and when and on which channel to transmit. Through the proposed lightweight scheduling, nodes are divided into different groups, and within each group, nodes use similar transmission power to alleviate the capture effect. The nodes are also guided to select different SFs to increase the network reliability and scalability. We have implemented RS-LoRa in NS-3 and evaluated its performance through extensive simulations. Our results demonstrate the benefit of RS-LoRa over the legacy LoRaWAN, in terms of packet error ratio, throughput, and fairness. For instance, in a single-cell scenario with 1000 nodes, RS-LoRa can reduce the packet error ratio of the legacy LoRaWAN by nearly 20%.
SCAN: Scalable Content Routing for Content-Aware Networking (2011)

Since Internet routers are not aware of the contents being forwarded, the same content file is often delivered multiple times inefficiently. Similarly, users cannot exploit a nearby copy of the content of interest unless the content file is serviced by costly content delivery networks. Prior studies on the content-aware routing for efficient content delivery suffer from the scalability problem due to a large number of contents. We propose a scalable content routing, dubbed SCAN, which can exploit nearby and multiple content copies for the efficient delivery. SCAN exchanges the information of the cached contents using Bloom filter. Compared with IP routing, SCAN can offer reduced delivery latency, reduced traffic volume, and load balancing among links.
Communicating pilot goals to an intelligent cockpit aiding system (2002)

In modern aircraft, the human pilots are no longer the only actors that control the aircraft and its systems. Machines, such as the autopilot and flight management system, also play an active role in control. In fact, several recent accidents occurred due to goal conflicts between human and machines. To facilitate the coordination of these actors, a computational aid called the AgendaManager (AMgr) was developed. The AMgr, which operates in a part-task simulator environment, attempts to facilitate the management of goals the actors are trying to accomplish and the functions being performed to accomplish them. To provide accurate knowledge of pilot goals for the AMgr, a goal communication method (GCM) was developed. The embedded GCM recognizes explicit and/or implicit pilot goals and declares them to the AMgr. The paper presents the development, architecture, operation, and evaluation of the GCM.