gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlations between Complexation Modes and Redox Activities of Ni(II)−GSH Complexes (2003)

The formation of Ni(II) complexes of GSH in conditions of 4-fold GSH excess over Ni(II) was studied by potentiometric titrations, UV-vis and CD spectroscopies, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The following set of complexes was obtained in the pH range of 6-12: NiHL, Ni(2)L(2)(2)(-), NiHL(2)(3)(-), NiL(2)(4)(-), and NiH(-)(1)L(2)(5)(-). The first of these is an octahedral species, coordinated through the donors of the Glu moiety of GSH, while the remaining ones are largely square-planar, with participation of the thiol in Ni(II) coordination. Magnetic moments indicate the presence of a spin equilibrium for Ni(2)L(2)(2)(-), NiHL(2)(3)(-), and NiL(2)(4)(-) complexes. Phosphate ions apparently decompose the Ni(2)L(2)(2)(-) complex, converting it into a monomeric, high spin, ternary species. Among the molecular forms of GSH, HL(2)(-) is the one most susceptible to air oxidation, due to a presence of ionic interactions between its protonated amine and deprotonated thiol moieties. The complexation of Ni(II) accelerates air oxidation of GSH in alkaline solutions by a factor of 4, but this effect is absent at neutral pH. The damage to plasmid DNA by H(2)O(2) is facilitated by Ni(II) ions and inhibited by excess of GSH. However, the analysis of the concentration profile of this process indicates that octahedral Ni(II) complexes with GSH are involved in the formation of double strand breaks. Finally, numerical simulations of intracellular Ni(II) distribution, made possible by the determination of stability constants of Ni(II) complexes of GSH, indicate that histidine and ATP, rather than GSH, may act as ligands for Ni(II) in vivo. Altogether, our results suggest that the direct impact of GSH on Ni(II) toxicity may be of a limited character.
Robust realtime physics-based motion control for human grasping (2013)

This paper presents a robust physics-based motion control system for realtime synthesis of human grasping. Given an object to be grasped, our system automatically computes physics-based motion control that advances the simulation to achieve realistic manipulation with the object. Our solution leverages prerecorded motion data and physics-based simulation for human grasping. We first introduce a data-driven synthesis algorithm that utilizes large sets of prerecorded motion data to generate realistic motions for human grasping. Next, we present an online physics-based motion control algorithm to transform the synthesized kinematic motion into a physically realistic one. In addition, we develop a performance interface for human grasping that allows the user to act out the desired grasping motion in front of a single Kinect camera. We demonstrate the power of our approach by generating physics-based motion control for grasping objects with different properties such as shapes, weights, spatial orientations, and frictions. We show our physics-based motion control for human grasping is robust to external perturbations and changes in physical quantities.
The Effect of Quantum and Thermal Fluctuations on the Structure of the Floppy Molecule C <sub>2</sub> H <sub>3</sub> <sup>+</sup> (1996)

The structure of protonated acetylene C 2 H 3 + was investigated through a series of ab initio simulations that treat all nuclei as either classical or quantum particles. This makes it possible to probe separately the effects of quantum and thermal fluctuations on the molecular structure of this floppy molecule. The simulations show that the quantum ground state of C 2 H 3 + is best pictured as a quasi-planar bridged structure with anisotropic delocalization of the protons due to zero-point quantum effects. Comparison with high-temperature simulations suggests that recent Coulomb explosion imaging data that led to a different conclusion did not probe the ground state of the fluxional molecule C 2 H 3 + .
Ganciclovir therapy for cytomegalovirus infection (1991)

Ganciclovir (formerly DHPG) is the first drug to show any effectiveness against diseases caused by cytomegalovirus, which include congenital infection, and conditions almost invariably fatal to organ recipients and patients with AIDS. Reviews the preclinical and clinical studies on the drug's pharma
Low-Cost and High-Speed SOI Waveguide-Based Silicide Schottky-Barrier MSM Photodetectors for Broadband Optical Communications (2008)

Silicon-on-insulator waveguide-based silicide Schottky-barrier metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors were fabricated using a simple low-temperature Si-process. Without optimization, the detector achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of ~ 7 GHz at -3-V bias and a responsivity of ~ 19 mA/W at -1-V bias, with very weak dependence on wavelength ranging from 1520 to 1620 nm. Compared to the silicide Schottky-barrier photodiode with the same NiSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> absorber, the MSM detectors offer the benefits of high speed, large responsivity, and ease of fabrication. Approaches for optimization are addressed.
Analysis of AtGUS1 and AtGUS2 in Arabidopsis root apex by a highly sensitive TSA-MISH method (2015)

A new highly sensitive whole-mount in situ hybridization method, based on tyramide signal amplification (TSA-MISH) was developed and a combined GFP detection and TSA-MISH procedure was applied for the first time in plants, to precisely define the spatial pattern of AtGUS1 and AtGUS2 expression in the root apex. β-glucuronidases (GUSs) belonging to the glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) 79 family, are widely distributed in plants, but their functional role has not yet been fully investigated. In the model system Arabidopsis Thaliana, three different AtGUS genes have been identified which encode proteins with putative different fates. Endogenous GUS expression has been detected in different organs and tissues, but the cyto-histological domains of gene expression remain unclear. The results here reported show co-expression of AtGUS1 and AtGUS2 in different functional zones of the root apex (the cap central zone, the root cap meristem, the staminal cell niche and the cortical cell layers of the proximal meristem), while AtGUS2 is exclusively expressed in the cap peripheral layer and in the epidermis in the elongation zone. Interestingly, both genes are not expressed in the stelar portion of the proximal meristem. A spatial (cortex vs. stele) and temporal (proximal meristem vs. transition zone) regulation of AtGUS1 and AtGUS2 expression is therefore active in the root apex. This expression pattern, although globally consistent with the involvement of GUS activity in both cell proliferation and elongation, clearly indicates that AtGUS1 and AtGUS2 could control distinct downstream process depending on the developmental context and the interaction with other players of root growth control. In the future, the newly developed approaches may well be very useful to dissect such interactions.
A High Performance Strategy for Constructing Dynamic MIB (2008)

SNMP protocol is a simple network management protocol. As an important part of most network management software, its resource wastage and efficiency have important influence on the performance of the whole system. According to study, the main bottleneck of SNMP software is MIB objects' storage and search. This paper proposes to use multi-path tree to keep the entire structure of MIB to eliminate the repeated storage of mutual identifiers by analyzing the structure of MIB tree. Compared to widely used Hash table, multi-path tree promotes the efficiency of resource usage. On the basis of that, this paper also proposes a high speed algorithm to search MIB objects by the combination of multi-path tree and AVL tree. The method above has been successfully applied to the Bidirectional HDTV Signal Transmitting System and it is proved to be efficient and reliable in actual network environment.
Specular Surface Morphology of 4H–SiC Epilayers Grown on (1120) Face (1999)

4H–SiC epitaxial growth on 4H–SiC substrates with (11̄00) and (112̄0) faces, which are perpendicular to the (0001) face, has been investigated. These epilayers are different in surface morphological structure from those grown on the conventional (0001) face. An extremely smooth surface can be obtained on (112̄0) without macrosteps and triangular defects, which are often observed for epilayers grown on the off-axis (0001) face. The (112̄0) epilayers exhibit one-order-of-magnitude lower surface defect area (0.010%) than the (0001) epilayers. In contrast, large elongated surface defects are observed for epilayers grown on (11̄00), probably due to the formation of stacking faults. The different arrangement of adatoms on the (11̄00) and (112̄0) faces may be responsible for the stacking fault formation on the (11̄00) face.
Foaming properties of soybean protein‐based plywood adhesives (2001)

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate the potential of soy protein‐based plywood glues for foam extrusion. Foaming properties were the first criterion used to screen several soy protein sources. Foaming capacities and stabilities of glue mixes containing animal blood (control) or soy products (meals, flours, concentrates, and isolates) were compared and correlated with molecular weights and surface hydrophobicity indices ( S o ) in an attempt to identify structure/function relationships. The blood‐based glue mix produced more foam than any of the soy‐based glues. Soy flours and concentrates generally produced greater foam volumes and more stable foams than soy meal and isolates. Differences in foaming properties could not be explained by solubility profiles or S o . However, results of gel electrophoresis indicated that soy products with poor foaming properties had extensive structure modifications or contained considerably lesser amounts of protein available for foaming reactions. Glue mixes containing the soy flours ISU‐CCUR, Honeysoy 90, Nutrisoy 7B, and defatted Soyafluff and the soy concentrates Arcon F, ISU‐CCUR, and Procon 2000 demonstrated the desired mixing and foaming properties for foam extrusion.
Blind Deconvolution Using a Monotonicity Constraint on the PSF (2006)

It is well recognized that blind deconvolution is a severely ill-posed problem and proper constraints on the image and the system point spread function (PSF) should be applied to counteract the ill-posedness. In this paper we investigate a novel PSF constraint, the monotonicity, which means the value of the PSF monotonically decreases (or does not increase) from the center of its support. We regard the monotonicity as a common property of many simplified but well accepted PSF models, such as the geometrical model of defocus, the Gaussian model and the synthetic model in astronomical imaging. The property is utilized as a PSF constraint in a novel iterative blind deconvolution algorithm RL-CLSE. Experiments on real microscopic data show that the proposed constraint can significantly improve the quality and stability of blind deconvolution.
Electroseismic and seismoelectric measurements of rock samples in a water tank (2008)

Abstract An electromagnetic (EM) or seismic wave can induce seismic or EM waves because of the electrokinetic conversion based on the electric double layer in a fluid-saturated porous medium. We tested a new method for observing electroseismic and seismoelectric conversions in rock samples. Our method is designed to overcome the shortcoming of previous attempts to separate signals generated by a continuous electric or seismic source in a small container. We first observed acoustic fields around electrodes excited by an electric pulse in a water tank or in a water-saturated porous sample. In our approach, we immersed rock samples in a water tank and measure the seismic or electric responses using electric or acoustic pulses conveyed through the immersed electrodes or hydrophone. We measured electroseismic- and seismoelectric-frequency responses in Berea Sandstone and Westerly Granite samples at a frequency range of 15–150kHz. The measurements clearly separate the effects of the electric source, background noises, and signals. We calculate the normalized electroseismic and seismoelectric coupling coefficients for rock samples and confirm our results by comparing them with those theoretically simulated in a closed-capillary model. The variation of normalized coupling coefficients in the frequency domain is similar to that in theoretical predictions. Our measurement method can be used to investigate electroseismic and seismoelectric properties for petroleum exploration applications.
Emerging microfluidic devices for cell lysis: a review (2013)

Intracellular components containing information about genetic and disease characteristics are key substances to clinical diagnostics. Cell lysis is therefore a crucial step for efficient extraction and the subsequent analysis of intracellular components. With the advent of advanced manufacturing techniques, a number of micro systems have been proposed and applied for manipulating cells on chips. In this paper, we review emerging microfluidic devices for cell lysis. Different lysis mechanisms and related techniques are compared. The technical details, advantages, and limitations of various microfluidic devices are discussed.
Norpsilocin: freebase and fumarate salt (2020)

The solid-state structures of the naturally occurring psychoactive tryptamine norpsilocin {4-hy-droxy-<i>N</i>-methyl-tryptamine (4-HO-NMT); systematic name: 3-[2-(methyl-amino)-eth-yl]-1<i>H</i>-indol-4-ol}, C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O, and its fumarate salt (4-hy-droxy-<i>N</i>-methyl-tryptammonium fumarate; systematic name: bis-{[2-(4-hy-droxy-1<i>H</i>-indol-3-yl)eth-yl]methyl-aza-nium} but-2-enedioate), C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sup>+</sup>·0.5C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> <sup>2-</sup>, are reported. The freebase of 4-HO-NMT has a single mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit joined together by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds in a two-dimensional network parallel to the (100) plane. The ethyl-amine arm of the tryptamine is modeled as a two-component disorder with a 0.895 (3) to 0.105 (3) occupancy ratio. The fumarate salt of 4-HO-NMT crystallizes with a tryptammonium cation and one half of a fumarate dianion in the asymmetric unit. The ions are joined together by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional framework, as well as π-π stacking between the six-membered rings of inversion-related indoles (symmetry operation: 2 - <i>x</i>, 1 - <i>y</i>, 2 - <i>z</i>).
Detecting Smoking Events Using Accelerometer Data Collected Via Smartwatch Technology: Validation Study (2017)

Background: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world today. Ecological research on smoking in context currently relies on self-reported smoking behavior. Emerging smartwatch technology may more objectively measure smoking behavior by automatically detecting smoking sessions using robust machine learning models. Objective: This study aimed to examine the feasibility of detecting smoking behavior using smartwatches. The second aim of this study was to compare the success of observing smoking behavior with smartwatches to that of conventional self-reporting. Methods: A convenience sample of smokers was recruited for this study. Participants (N=10) recorded 12 hours of accelerometer data using a mobile phone and smartwatch. During these 12 hours, they engaged in various daily activities, including smoking, for which they logged the beginning and end of each smoking session. Raw data were classified as either smoking or nonsmoking using a machine learning model for pattern recognition. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by comparing the output with a detailed description of a modeled smoking session. Results: In total, 120 hours of data were collected from participants and analyzed. The accuracy of self-reported smoking was approximately 78% (96/123). Our model was successful in detecting 100 of 123 (81%) smoking sessions recorded by participants. After eliminating sessions from the participants that did not adhere to study protocols, the true positive detection rate of the smartwatch based-detection increased to more than 90%. During the 120 hours of combined observation time, only 22 false positive smoking sessions were detected resulting in a 2.8% false positive rate. Conclusions: Smartwatch technology can provide an accurate, nonintrusive means of monitoring smoking behavior in natural contexts. The use of machine learning algorithms for passively detecting smoking sessions may enrich ecological momentary assessment protocols and cessation intervention studies that often rely on self-reported behaviors and may not allow for targeted data collection and communications around smoking events.
A hold-up time extending method for asymmetrical half-bridge converter (2011)

For asymmetric half-bridge converters, one of drawbacks is pretty narrow input voltage range, whose reasons are a leakage inductance for ZVS, its switches configuration and a blocking capacitor for clamping power switches with the input voltage. Therefore a hold-up time is more quite restricted for others. In this paper, it will be analyzed for a voltage conversion ratio of the converter. And a way to extend hold-up time for the converter will be shown. Finally, an asymmetrical half-bridge converter will be tested with 24V / 8A of output specification to verify the way.
Electro-optic modulation in crystal-ion-sliced <i>z</i>-cut LiNbO3 thin films (2000)

Electro-optic modulation is demonstrated in 10-μm-thick single-crystal LiNbO3 films obtained by crystal ion slicing. This technique uses ion implantation of single-crystal bulk samples followed by selective etching. The measured electro-optic response of these films is comparable, within experimental error, to that of single-crystal bulk LiNbO3 and is superior to previously reported values for epitaxial polycrystalline thin films. The product of half-wave voltage and modulator length, VπL, is 8 V cm. Post lift-off annealing is shown to be of key importance in improving the modulator extinction ratio.
Design and fabrication considerations of EUVL collectors for HVM (2009)

ABSTRACT The power roadmap for EUVL high volume manufacturing (HVM) exceeds the 200W EUV in-band power at intermediate focus, thus posing more demanding requirements on HVM sources, debris suppression systems and collectors. Starting from the lessons learned in the design and fabrication of the grazing incidence collectors for the Alpha EUVL scanners, Media Lario Technologies is developing HVM optical solutions that enable designed-in lifetime improvements, such as larger source-collector distances, optimized collection efficiency through larger collected solid angles, and customized EUV reflective layers. The optical design of an HVM collector is described together with the selection of the sacrificial ruthenium reflective layer. The water cooling layout of the collector is evolved from the integrated cooling technology developed at Alpha level into an innovative cooling layout that minimizes the thermal gradients across the mirrors and allows controlling the optical performance at the far-field plan e. Finally, the evolution of the collectors manufacturing technologies for HVM is discussed. XTREME technologies and Philips Extreme UV support this work by integrating the collector in the complete source collector module (SoCoMo). At system level, each component of the SoCoMo is part of a development and improvement plan leading to a comprehensive system that will fulfill the 200+ W EUV in-band power at intermediate focus. Keywords: Collector, Collection efficiency, Thermal Management, Extreme ultra-violet lithography, EUV, EUVL
Review of dialysate calcium concentration in hemodialysis (2006)

The dialysate calcium (Ca) concentration for hemodialysis (HD) patients can be adjusted to manage more optimally the body's Ca and phosphate balance, and thus improve bone metabolism as well as reduce accelerated arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular mortality. The appropriate dialysate Ca concentration allowing this balance should be prescribed to each individual patient depending on a multitude of variable factors relating to Ca load. A lower dialysate Ca concentration of 1.25 to 1.3 mmol/L will permit the use of vitamin D supplements and Ca-based phosphate binders in clinical practice, with much less risk of Ca loading and resultant hypercalcemia and calcification. Low Ca baths are useful in the setting of adynamic bone disease where an increase in bone turnover is required. However, low Ca levels in the dialysate may also predispose to cardiac arrhythmias and hemodynamically unstable dialysis sessions with intradialytic hypotension. Higher Ca dialysate is useful to sustain normal serum Ca levels where patients are not taking Ca-based binders or if Ca supplements are not able to normalize serum levels. Suppression of hyperparathyroidism is also effective with dialysate Ca of 1.75 mmol/L, but hypercalcemia, metastatic calcification, and oversuppression of parathyroid hormone are risks. Dialysate Ca of 1.5 mmol/L may be a compromise between bone protection and reduction in cardiovascular risk for conventional HD and is a common concentration used throughout the world. The increase in longer, more frequent dialysis such as short-daily and nocturnal HD, however, provides another challenge with regard to optimal dialysate Ca levels and higher levels of 1.75 mmol/L are probably indicated in this setting. Difficulties in determining the ideal dialysate Ca occur because of the complex pathophysiology of bone and mineral metabolism in HD patients and there needs to be a balance between dialysis prescription and other treatment modalities. To optimize management of the abnormal Ca balance, other aspects of this disorder need to be more fully clarified and, with evolving medications for phosphate control and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism, as well as the emergence of a multitude of different HD regimes, further studies are required to make definitive recommendations. At present, we need to maintain flexibility with HD treatments and so dialysate Ca needs to be individualized to meet the specific requirements of patients by optimizing management of renal bone disease and simultaneously reducing metastatic calcification and cardiovascular disease.
IP forwarding anomalies and improving their detection using multiple data sources (2004)

IP forwarding anomalies, triggered by equipment failures, implementation bugs, or configuration errors, can significantly disrupt and degrade network service. Robust and reliable detection of such anomalies is essential to rapid problem diagnosis, problem mitigation, and repair. We propose a simple, robust method that integrates routing and traffic data streams to reliably detect forwarding anomalies, and report on the evaluation of the method in a tier-1 ISP backbone. First, we transform each data stream separately, to produce informative alarm indicators. A forwarding anomaly is then signalled only if the indicators for both streams indicate anomalous behavior concurrently. The overall method is scalable, automated and self-training. We find this technique effectively identifies forwarding anomalies, while avoiding the high false alarms rate that would otherwise result if either stream were used unilaterally.
“BRUSH UP YOUR ITALIAN” (1965)

Journal Article “BRUSH UP YOUR ITALIAN” Get access E. G. S. E. G. S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 12, Issue 12, December 1965, Pages 442-c–443, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/12-12-442c Published: 01 December 1965