gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation‐specific antibodies for human cardiac troponin‐I (1998)

A panel of seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against cardiac troponin-I (CdTnI) isolated from canine and human hearts, which have been shown to be cardiac-specific but cross-species reactive [Cummins, B., Aukland, M. L. & Cummins, P. (1987) Amer. Heart J. 113, 1333-1344], were used in this study. These mAbs were tested against recombinant wild-type and mutant human CdTnI proteins to assess their value as probes for the phosphorylation status of CdTnI. Four mAbs were found to react positively with the recombinant wild-type protein and their epitopes were contained in residues 31-210 of the human cardiac protein. Two of these mAbs appeared to be directed against the same epitope site within this region. The remaining three mAbs only reacted against the recombinant wild-type protein when it was phosphorylated, showing that these three antibodies were directed against the phosphate group(s) on Ser23 and/or Ser24. In order to investigate this further, a series of single and double mutants of CdTnI were used in which either Ala (to direct the enzymatic phosphorylation) or Asp (to mimic the phosphate group) replaced the Ser23 and/or Ser24. It was found the all three mAbs were able to react with the mono-phosphorylated form of the [Ala23]CdTnI single mutant but not the mono-phosphorylated form of the [Ala24]CdTnI single mutant, showing that they specifically required phosphorylation at Ser24. Experiments with a synthetic peptide composed of residues 1-29 of human CdTnI confirmed these data. Two of the three phosphorylation-specific mAbs were able to react with mutants containing either two Asp residues replacing Ser23 and Ser24 or one Asp residue instead of Ser24, indicating that a negative charge at position Ser24 is sufficient to invoke a reaction. The other mAb was more specific in that it would only react with CdTnI species with a phosphate group on Ser24.
A Novel Preparation of Amidinium Arsenesulfonates (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Novel Preparation of Amidinium ArsenesulfonatesHarris E. UleryCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 7, 2464–2465Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01018a510https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01018a510research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2302 Web-based knowledge information database extension method for supporting design (2008)

In recent years, comprehensive problem solving by a designer has been required as the demand for an artifact grows and complicates more. In the above background, we have proposed Universal Abduction Studio (UAS), a computer environment, which supports a creative design synthetically. However, it is difficult for designers to acquire knowledge in multiple domains efficiently because they have to accumulate the design knowledge by the handwork. Thus far, we proposed Web-based design knowledge information database extension method. In this paper, we propose the conversion method acquired design knowledge information from the resource on Web into knowledge expression for UAS.
Microneedling: A Review and Practical Guide (2017)

Microneedling is a safe, minimally invasive, and effective esthetic treatment for several different dermatologic conditions including acne and other scars, rhytides, and striae. Given its expedient post-treatment recovery, limited side effect profile, and significant clinical results, microneedling is a valuable alternative to more invasive procedures such as laser skin resurfacing and deep chemical peeling.
Regulated expression of a receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility on human thymocytes and T cells (1993)

A receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) has been shown to promote cell locomotion. Among human T lineage lymphocytes, RHAMM is expressed only on a subset of thymocytes, being absent on mature peripheral T cells from blood, spleen, and lymph node. Among thymocytes, RHAMM is selectively expressed on a subset of CD3+ CD45RA+R0+ cells, and functions in motility as shown by the ability of anti-RHAMM to reduce the speed of thymocyte locomotion from 11 microns/minute to 3 microns/min. Although freshly isolated multi-negative (MN) thymocytes (CD3-4-8-19-) lack RHAMM, its expression is induced on day 3 of culture in a variety of conditions that support differentiation, as assessed by acquisition of CD3. When MN thymocytes are cultured on plates coated with fibronectin, expression of RHAMM is prolonged, but on uncoated surfaces, its expression is transient and lost by day 7 of culture with PHA or IL-2. Culture of MN thymocytes on thymic epithelial layers, with or without IL-2, resulted in a lack of RHAMM expression. Because in the absence of epithelial cells, RHAMM is expressed, the effect appears to be one of inhibition. Although expression of RHAMM by MN thymocytes cultured with IL-2 on uncoated surfaces is transient, addition of cyclosporin A resulted in prolonged expression. These observations are consistent with the view that cyclosporin A inactivates a RHAMM-directed inhibitory mechanism. Mature peripheral blood T cells transiently express RHAMM upon culture with PHA, PMA, or IL-2. T cells that expressed RHAMM after culture with PMA alone lacked RHAMM when stimulated by mitogenic CD2 antibodies with or without CD28 antibody, indicating inhibition of RHAMM expression. Thus expression of RHAMM is regulated by a RHAMM-directed inhibitory mechanism induced by stimulation through CD2/CD28. A similar mechanism may operate in thymocyte/epithelial cell cultures. These results suggest the inhibition of RHAMM during early, presumably sessile, thymic progenitor development, followed by its induction during developmental stages when locomotion is required. The apparently strong negative regulatory control over RHAMM expression by microenvironmental factors and by known thymic and T cell signaling molecules supports this view.
Almost perfect nonlinear power functions on GF(2/sup n/): the Welch case (1999)

We summarize the state of the classification of almost perfect nonlinear (APN) power functions x/sup d/ on GF(2/sup n/) and contribute two new cases. To prove these cases we derive new permutation polynomials. The first case supports a well-known conjecture of Welch stating that for odd n=2m+1, the power function x/sup 2m+3/ is even maximally nonlinear or, in other terms, that the crosscorrelation function between a binary maximum-length linear shift register sequence of degree n and a decimation of that sequence by 2/sup m/+3 takes on precisely the three values -1, -1/spl plusmn/2/sup m+1/.
Suicide as an Indicator of Quality of Life: Apparent Conflict between Microeconomic and Macroeconomic Approaches (2001)

While a low incidence of suicide may indicate a high quality of life for individuals, the reverse may be true at the societal level.
Electron Spectroscopy Study of Li[Ni,Co,Mn]O<sub>2</sub>/Electrolyte Interface: Electronic Structure, Interface Composition, and Device Implications (2015)

In recent years, there have been significant efforts to understand the role of the electronic structure of redox active materials according to their performance and thermodynamic stability in electrochemical storage devices and to develop novel materials with higher energy density and higher power. It is generally recognized that transition metal compounds used as a positive electrode determine the specific capacity and the energy density of rechargeable batteries, while the charge transfer resistance at the electrolyte–electrode interface plays a key role in delivering the power of the electrochemical cell. In the present work, we study the stability of LixNi0.2Co0.7Mn0.1O2 thin films through the evolution of the occupied and unoccupied density of states as a function of the charging state of the electrode as well as the physicochemical conditions influencing the ionic transport across the electrode–electrolyte interface. A comprehensive experimental quasi in situ approach has been applied by using synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SXPS) and O K-edge and Co, Ni, Mn L-edges XANES. Our experimental data demonstrate the change of the Fermi level position with Li+ removal and Ni2+ → Ni4+ and Co3+ → Co4+ changes of oxidation state for the charge compensation in the bulk of the material. As is evidenced by the experimentally determined energy band diagram of Lix≤1.0Ni0.2Co0.7Mn0.1O2 vs the evolution of the Fermi level, no hole transfer to the O2p bands is observed up to a charging state of 4.8 V, which evidences the thermodynamic stability of Lix≤1.0Ni0.2Co0.7Mn0.1O2 under high charging voltage in contrast to LiCoO2. A very thin solid electrolyte interface layer (less than 30 Å thickness) on the Lix≤1.0Ni0.2Co0.7Mn0.1O2 film is formed in a decomposition reaction of the electrolyte also involving the transition metal oxide. The enhanced concentration of lithium in the interface layer correlates evidently with the electron transfer to the transition metal sites changing their electronic configuration. It is concluded that Lix≤1.0Ni0.2Co0.7Mn0.1O2 can serve as a high energy density cathode material, but the delivery of high power, which is a critical parameter for an electric vehicle, is strongly influenced by the physicochemical conditions at the solid electrolyte interface, which can suppress Li+ diffusion or even block the Li+ paths across the interface.
Predicting time series using a neural network as a method of distinguishing chaos from noise (1992)

A neural-network approach is presented for making short-term predictions on time series. The neural network does better at short-term predictions of a chaotic signal than does an optimum autoregressive model. Also, the neural network is clearly capable of distinguishing between chaos and additive noise.
Microstructural Parcellation of the Human Cerebral Cortex – From Brodmann's Post-Mortem Map to in vivo Mapping with High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2011)

The year 2009 marked the 100th anniversary of the publication of the famous brain map of Korbinian Brodmann. Although a "classic" guide to microanatomical parcellation of the cerebral cortex, it is - from today's state-of-the-art neuroimaging perspective - problematic to use Brodmann's map as a structural guide to functional units in the cortex. In this article we discuss some of the reasons, especially the problematic compatibility of the "post-mortem world" of microstructural brain maps with the "in vivo world" of neuroimaging. We conclude with some prospects for the future of in vivo structural brain mapping: a new approach which has the enormous potential to make direct correlations between microstructure and function in living human brains: "in vivo Brodmann mapping" with high-field magnetic resonance imaging.
The Biochemical Functions of Ascorbic Acid (1986)

SCOPE OF THIS REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 BIOSYNTHESIS AND REQUIREMENTS OF ASCORBIC ACID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 METABOLISM OF ASCORBATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 ACTIONS AND FUNCTIONS OF ASCORBATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 DOPAMINE !3-HYDROXYLASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 PEPTIDYL GLYCINE a-AMIDATING MONOOXYGENASE... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUV ATE DIOXYGENASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 PROL YL AND L YSYL HYDROXYLASES FOR COLLAGENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376 HYDROXYLATION OF OTHER PROTEINS . . . .. . . ...... . . . . 383 Elastin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 C1q o/ Complement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 DIOXYGENASE REACTIONS OF PYRIMIDINES AND NUCLEOSIDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 CARNITINE PATHWAY HYDROXYLASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 OTHER POSSIBLE FUNCTIONS OF ASCORBATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 CONCLUDING REMARKS ... . . ........ . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . ...... .... . . ........ .... ..... . . . . 391
Creating a unique digital fingerprint using existing combinational logic (2009)

Creating digital circuits of ever decreasing size leads to certain imperfections that cannot be avoided. Although these imperfections are not significant enough to hinder the digital circuit operation, they are random and can be exploited to create a unique digital fingerprint which can be used as a chip identity. Unique digital fingerprints can be created on any number of circuits and in our research we created 60 digital fingerprints, all of which were uniquely identifiable. The digital fingerprint is a function of the amount of combinational logic that forms the circuit and can be applied to any sufficiently large combinational circuit. In this research, we have used a combinational multiplier and we show how a longer combinational path leads to a larger number of captured glitches. In addition, we show the effects of temperature changes on the digital fingerprint.
Improving Product Quality with Entrapped Stable Emulsions: From Theory to Industrial Application (2012)

Entrapment of sub-micron scale emulsions containing active ingredients into macro-scale matrices has exhibited great potential as a delivery vehicle with controlled release capabilities, however optimization remains unrealized. Reported here are methods used to improve product quality by optimizing the emulsion formation steps. These methods are in conjunction with the precepts of Process Intensification (PI). Success with pharmaceutics and chemical reacting systems provides a strategy for a wide range of applications; the emphasis here being nutraceutics. Use of a nano-technology platform assists in: (a) product quality improvements through better nutrient dispersion, and thus bio-efficacy; and (b) production efficiencies through implementation of PI concepts. A continuous methodology, utilizing these PI concepts, that approximates a bottom-up approach to the creation of sub-micron and nano-emulsions is the basis of the technology presented here. Note that solid particles may result during post-processing. The metrics of successful processing include obtainment of nano-scale species with minimal input energy, reduced processing steps at higher throughput rates, and improved quality without over-usage of key ingredients. In addition to flavor and wellness characteristics, product stability for extended shelf life along with an appreciable cargo load in the entrapped emulsion is a major concern. Experimental protocols and path forward recommendations to overcome challenges and meet expectations in these emerging opportunities are also presented.
The impact of an isoreticular expansion strategy on the performance of iodine catalysts supported in multivariate zirconium and aluminum metal–organic frameworks (2019)

Iodine functionalized variants of DUT-5 (Al) and UiO-67 (Zr) were prepared as expanded-pore analogues of MIL-53 (Al) and UiO-67 (Zr). They were prepared using a combination of multivariate and isorecticular expansion strategies. Multivariate MOFs with a 25% iodine-containing linker was chosen to achieve an ideal balance between a high density of catalytic sites and sufficient space for efficient diffusion. Changes to the oxidation potential of the catalyst as a result of the pore-expansion strategy led to a decrease in activity with electron rich substrates. On the other hand, these larger frameworks proved to be more efficient catalysts for substrates with higher oxidation potentials. Recyclability tests for these larger MOFs showed sustained catalytic activity over multiple recycles.
Active Advice Seeking for Inverse Reinforcement Learning (2016)

Intelligent systems that interact with humans typically require input in the form of demonstrations and/or advice for optimal decision making. In more traditional systems, such interactions require detailed and tedious effort on the part of the human expert. Alternatively, active learning systems allow for incremental acquisition of the demonstrations from the human expert where the learning system generates the queries. However, active learning allows for only labeled examples as input, significantly restricting the interaction between expert and learning algorithm. Advice-based learning systems increase the expressiveness of the interaction, but typically require all the advice about the domain in advance. By combining active learning and advice-based learning, we consider the problem of actively soliciting human advice. We present the algorithm in an inverse reinforcement learning setting where the utilities are learned from demonstrations. We show empirically the contribution of a more expressive advice over traditional active learning approaches.
Variable nitrogen application based on crop sensing (1998)

Paper presented to the International Fertiliser Society at a conference held Cambridge (GB), 10 Dec 1998
Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emission Intensity of Petroleum Products at U.S. Refineries (2014)

This paper describes the development of (1) a formula correlating the variation in overall refinery energy efficiency with crude quality, refinery complexity, and product slate; and (2) a methodology for calculating energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensities and processing fuel shares of major U.S. refinery products. Overall refinery energy efficiency is the ratio of the energy present in all product streams divided by the energy in all input streams. Using linear programming (LP) modeling of the various refinery processing units, we analyzed 43 refineries that process 70% of total crude input to U.S. refineries and cover the largest four Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD) regions (I, II, III, V). Based on the allocation of process energy among products at the process unit level, the weighted-average product-specific energy efficiencies (and ranges) are estimated to be 88.6% (86.2%-91.2%) for gasoline, 90.9% (84.8%-94.5%) for diesel, 95.3% (93.0%-97.5%) for jet fuel, 94.5% (91.6%-96.2%) for residual fuel oil (RFO), and 90.8% (88.0%-94.3%) for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The corresponding weighted-average, production GHG emission intensities (and ranges) (in grams of carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e) per megajoule (MJ)) are estimated to be 7.8 (6.2-9.8) for gasoline, 4.9 (2.7-9.9) for diesel, 2.3 (0.9-4.4) for jet fuel, 3.4 (1.5-6.9) for RFO, and 6.6 (4.3-9.2) for LPG. The findings of this study are key components of the life-cycle assessment of GHG emissions associated with various petroleum fuels; such assessment is the centerpiece of legislation developed and promulgated by government agencies in the United States and abroad to reduce GHG emissions and abate global warming.
A new hybrid heat sink with impinging micro-jet arrays and microchannels fabricated using high volume additive manufacturing (2017)

This work describes the design of a high-performance water cooled micro heat sink for thermal management of high heat flux microelectronics. The design process leverages advances in additive manufacturing to produce flow channels and composite material structures that are not possible with traditional machining processes. The micro heat sink was designed with microchannels and an array of fins with integrated microjets (FINJET™ architecture). Simulation Driven Design (SDD), using ANSYS Fluent CFD software, was used to design the micro heat exchanger with overall outer dimensions of 4.1mm (length) × 3.2mm (width) × 1mm (thickness). Based on the SDD results, a prototype was fabricated and tested with heat fluxes up to and exceeding 1000 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The results show that the numerical and experimental results are in reasonable agreement considering the complexity of the flow and associated conjugate heat transfer within the device. Importantly, experimental performance achieved an estimated overall thermal conductance of ~300 kW/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> K with an associated pressure drop of 160 kPa (23 psi) for a flow rate of 0.5 L/min. For 20°C water at the inlet, this corresponded to a measured base temperature of 54°C for an applied heat flux of 1000 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Current-mode techniques for high-speed VLSI circuits with application to current sense amplifier for CMOS SRAM's (1991)

The speed of VLSI chips is increasingly limited by signal delay in long interconnect lines. A simple analysis shows that major speed improvements are possible when using current-mode rather than conventional voltage-mode signal transporting techniques. The key to this approach is the use of low-resistance current-signal circuits to drastically reduce the impedance level and the voltage swings on long interconnect lines. As an example, a simple four-transistor current-sense amplifier for fast CMOS SRAMs is proposed. The circuit presents a virtual short circuit to the bit lines, thus reducing the sensing delay, which is rendered practically insensitive to the bit-line capacitance. In addition, the virtual short circuit ensures equal bit-line voltages, thus eliminating the need for bit-line equalization during a read access.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automatic Syntraction of Two Broadcast Carriers (1935)

There is described a phase meter which is adapted to controlling automatically the space phase between two carriers at any desired point in the area of common frequency broadcasting. Experimental results of syntraction between a crystal controlled oscillator and broadcast carrier are given.