gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time software testing for microprocessor-based protective relays (1994)

This paper describes a new practical method, the domain-partition boundary method with software probes, and a test platform for testing real-time software embedded in protective relays. The test scheme automatically and efficiently exercises all functions of a relay in all of its operating domains, especially in the error-prone domains. While the test-case generation methodology belongs to the function-test class, it uses knowledge of the software modularity, and takes into consideration system specification and behavior, critical parameter boundary values and software flow in generating the test specification. TSL/sup 1/ is used for managing the test-case generation process, and avoids redundancy. A microcomputer test platform was designed and assembled. It is a simulator which produces voltage or current levels that correspond to events in the system. A control program manages the overall process, including test case generation, wave-form production, process timing, event identification, data collection and result comparison. An implementation of the test scheme is described. Actual testing was conducted on a motor control and overload protection device for verifying its functions, but the test scheme is applicable to other microprocessor-based devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Temperature-Induced Changes in the Fatty Acid Composition of the Cyanobacterium, <i>Synechocystis</i> PCC6803 (1990)

Changes in glycerolipid and fatty acid composition with a change in growth temperature were studied in the cyanobacterium, Synechocystis PCC6803. Under isothermal growth conditions, temperature did not significantly affect the composition of the various classes of lipids, but a decrease in temperature altered the degree of unsaturation of C(18) acids at the sn-1 position, but not that of C(16) acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol moiety in each class of lipids. When the growth temperature was shifted from 38 degrees C to 22 degrees C, the desaturation of C(18) acids, but not that of C(16) acids, was stimulated. The desaturation of fatty acids occurred only in the light and was inhibited by chloramphenicol, rifampicin and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea, but not by cerulenin, an inhibitor for fatty acid synthesis. These findings suggest that desaturase activities are induced after a shift from a higher to a lower temperature, and that the desaturation of fatty acids is connected with the reactions involved in photosynthetic electron transport.
Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography for simultaneous detection of bacterial beta-lactam acylases and beta-lactamases (1986)

A rapid and specific procedure was developed for the simultaneous detection of bacterial acylases and beta-lactamases, using ampicillin and cephalexin as substrates. Bacterial suspensions from agar plates were incubated separately with each beta-lactam substrate for 1 h at 37 degrees C. The supernatant of the reaction mixture was dansylated, and the dansyl derivatives were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on polyamide sheets. The end products resulting from acylase hydrolysis, including the intact beta-lactam nucleus, 6-aminopenicillanic acid or 7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid, and the acyl side chain acid, D-(-)-alpha-aminophenylacetic acid, and the end product resulting from beta-lactamase hydrolysis (D-phenylglycylpenicilloic acid or D-phenylglycyldeacetoxycephalosporoic acid) were separated from each unhydrolyzed substrate and amino acids by this procedure. The presence of the intact beta-lactam nucleus in the reaction mixture is the indication of acylase activity. This method is sensitive and reproducible and has been successfully applied to screening for acylase activity in a variety of bacteria. It may be pharmaceutically useful for identifying organisms capable of removing the acyl side chain from naturally occurring beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin G, penicillin V, and cephalosporin C for production of the beta-lactam nuclei which serve as the starting materials for semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotics.
Determination of Geostatistical Parameters Using Well Test Data (1998)

Abstract We have set up a general framework to obtain estimations of the geostatistical parameters (GP) such as the correlation length, lc and permeability variance, ln from well test data. Most often, in practical studies, the GP are estimated using geological and petrophysical data, but in a lot of cases, these data are too scarce to give high confidence results. The method was tested using synthetic well-test data performed on some training images, and correct estimations of the underlying correlation length, lc and permeability variance, ln were recovered. Once the GP are estimated, other well established techniques can be used to get well-test matched reservoir images consistent with the geostatistical model. In practical applications, excellent well test data are needed, and the method should be improved using multiple well test data. P. 669
Digital European Cordless Telecommunications system blind slot algorithm evaluation results (2002)

The use of extra system information, which may be available but is not mandatory within the latest specification to aid the system with link establishments and handover procedures, is discussed. A model of the Digital European Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) system, which could be considered a simple cell system in a high-density office environment, is described. Experimental results indicate that the introduction of the fast algorithm in terminal equipment reduces the time taken for a link to be established. The model confirms that the inclusion of blind slot algorithms in the design of DECT portables call considerably reduce link establishment times, compared with the simplest algorithms possible within the CI specifications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Effect of the Floor Plate on Pattern and Polarity in the Developing Central Nervous System (1991)

The effect of floor plate on cellular differentiation in the neural tube of quail embryos was examined. In the developing neural tube the floor plate, which consists of specialized neuroepithelial cells, is located in the ventral midline of the neural tube. When Hensen's node was extirpated the floor plate and notochord did not develop, and the normal differentiation of the ventral horn motor neurons and dorsal and ventral roots did not occur. When one side of the neural tube was deprived of notochord, the ventro-dorsal differentiation took place on both sides. However, when one side of the neural tube was deprived of the floor plate, the ventral horn motor neurons and dorsal and ventral roots did not develop on that side. These observations suggest that the floor plate influences motor neuron differentiation and acts as an intrinsic organizer to establish pattern and polarity in the developing nervous system.
Study of serum tumor markers CEA, CA 15.3 and CA 27.29 as diagnostic parameters in patients with breast carcinoma (1995)

Serum levels of CEA, CA 15.3 and CA 27.29 were measured during the follow-up of 499 breast cancer patients. Studies included three different groups of women: 82 blood donors free of disease, 42 patients with non-malignant breast diseases and 499 breast cancer patients. After the determination of cut-off values, serum levels of tumor markers did not show significant elevations in benign breast diseases. On the basis of our results CA 15.3 (sensitivity = 57%; accuracy = 87%) was the most effective marker, CA 27.29 (sensitivity = 62%; accuracy = 83%) was the most sensitive and CEA (sensitivity = 45%; accuracy = 81%) was the least sensitive and effective marker. The combined use of markers was evaluated by step-wise logistic regression analysis. The regression coefficients showed that CA 15.3 (coeff. = 2.97) and CA 27.29 (coeff. = 1.46) were suitable for the detection of possible metastases during follow-up. Finally, we studied the relationship between pT, pN, pM and circulating levels of CA 15.3 and CA 27.29.
3-[[(4-Aryl-1-piperazinyl)alkyl]cyclohexyl]-1<i>H</i>-indoles as Dopamine D2 Partial Agonists and Autoreceptor Agonists (1997)

A series of arylpiperazines and tetrahydropyridines joined to indoles by semirigid cycloalkyl spacers were prepared. Target compounds were studied for their ability to bind to the DA D2 receptor in vitro and to inhibit dopamine synthesis and spontaneous locomotor activity in rats. Effects of tether length and relative stereochemistry were assessed for a series of 2-pyridylpiperazines. The cyclohexylethyl spacer was found to be the most active in the series. Further studies explored effects of changes in the arylpiperazine and indole portions of the molecule. From these studies trans-2-[[4-(1H-3-indolyl)cyclohexyl]ethyl]-4- (2-pyridinyl)piperazine (30a) was selected for further evaluation. It was characterized as a partial agonist of DA D2 receptors in vitro and caused decreases in dopamine synthesis and release as well as dopamine neuronal firing. Compound 30a was shown to be devoid of behavioral effects associated with postsynaptic DA D2 receptor activation. Furthermore, compound 30a was shown both to decrease DA synthesis and to inhibit Sidman avoidance responding in squirrel monkeys. These findings suggest that DA D2 partial agonists with the appropriate level of intrinsic activity can act to decrease dopamine synthesis and release and may have potential utility as antipsychotic agents.
Mesoporous g-C3N4 nanorods as multifunctional supports of ultrafine metal nanoparticles: hydrogen generation from water and reduction of nitrophenol with tandem catalysis in one step (2012)

Flexible mesoporous g-C3N4 nanorods with open channels, synthesized via nanocasting, can act as catalyst support, solid stabilizer and photosensitizer simultaneously for anchoring uniform metal nanoparticles with high compatibility with the composition, the synthetic method and the particle size. The final hybrid nanorods exhibit high stability and catalytic/photocatalytic activity.
Early Temporary Porosis of Bone Induced by Internal Fixation Implants A Reaction to Necrosis, Not to Stress Protection? (1988)

Stabilization of the fracture using implants requires contact surfaces between implant and bone. Such contact has been observed to induce bone porosis first seen at one month after surgery. Bone loss in the vicinity of implants has hitherto been explained as being induced by mechanical unloading of the bone (stress protection). Experiments in sheep, dogs, and rabbits combining intravital staining of blood circulation and polychrome fluorescent labeling of bone remodeling leads to the conclusion that early bone porosis in the vicinity of the implants is the result of internal remodeling of cortical bone and is induced by necrosis rather than by unloading. This theory is favored by the evidence that (1) the bone porosis is of a temporary nature, an intermediate stage in internal bone remodeling; (2) the pattern of the remodeling zone is closely related to that of the disturbed circulation, and not to that of unloading; (3) plastic plates may produce more porosis than steel plates; and (4) improved blood circulation using modified plates resulted in reduced porosis. The clinical relevance of these findings is related first to the temporary weakening of the bone, and second to the possibility of sequestration. Sequestration may be the result of intensified remodeling activity in the presence of inflammation or infection.
Laser Tracking and Pointing at a Target with Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (2005)

Laser tracking and pointing at a simulated moving target in atmosphere 1.27 km away is realized experimentally, in which stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) phase conjugation technology and velocity compensation mirror are used. Only if the angle between the SBS phase conjugation laser and the illumination laser is smaller than the atmosphere isoplanatic angle ψ0, is the wave-front aberration of laser beam produced by atmospheric turbulence compensated for in real time. This experiment was carried out with horizontal ranges 1.27 km at 50 m height above the ground, and Nd:YAG lasers are used. By changing the angle of a velocity compensation mirror reflecting the SBS phase conjugation laser to the simulated target, simulated targets with different moving velocities are tracked and pointed by the laser beam. The spot and energy distribution of illumination laser spot and SBS phase conjugation laser are recorded. The energy back to target is up to 75 mJ. The SBS phase conjugation laser spot shows that it is focused at the simulated moving target within a small area.
The Impact of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on the Arterial Wall (1996)

There is recent interest in the possibility that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) may reduce the damage inflicted on the arterial wall by common cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and ageing. The efficacy of these drugs in blood pressure reduction is accepted, but whether there is an excess benefit on arterial structure and function, conferred by use of ACE inhibitors over more traditional antihypertensives, is still under debate. There is also evidence in animal models to suggest that ACE inhibition is effective in reduction of arterial damage due to experimental hyperlipidaemia. ACE inhibitors not only reduce the conversion of angiotensin I and angiotensin II, which can interact with the sympathetic nervous system, but also prevent the degradation of bradykinin. This means that ACE inhibitors have several potential mechanisms through which they could suppress intimal hypertrophy and prevent endothelial dysfunction, which is believed to precede arteriosclerosis in man. Although much further work is needed to clarify the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects on the arterial wall of this group of drugs, they do appear to have significant potential in the effort to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, especially in high risk groups.
Melt-processing of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ and Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub y/: influence of processing parameters on microstructure and magnetization behavior (1995)

An investigation of the flux-pinning behavior of melt-processed YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ and Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub y/ has been carried out by means of microstructural investigations and magnetization measurements. It was found that both microstructure and magnetization behavior strongly depend on the chemistry and the grain size of the starting material. The carbon content and the melting behavior of the YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ powders seem to play an important role in the development of microstructure and flux-pinning behavior during melt-texturing. Carbon, which is existing in different amounts in all commercially available YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ powders and is also easily introduced during processing, was found to have the same detrimental influence on the grain boundaries of melt-processed materials as on the grain boundaries of sintered pellets. On the other hand an increase in the flux-pinning behavior could be found when carbon was present during the melting and resolidification process. Our results indicate that the presence of carbon during the resolidification process results in the incorporation of precipitates and defects not only into the grain boundaries, but also into the bulk of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ leading to an increased intragrain critical current density. Initial experiments indicate that a similar effect might also be possible for Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub y/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Global viewing of heterogeneous data sources (2001)

The problem of defining global views of heterogeneous data sources to support querying and cooperation activities is becoming more and more important due to the availability of multiple data sources within complex organizations and in global information systems. Global views are defined to provide a unified representation of the information in the different sources by analyzing conceptual schemas associated with them and resolving possible semantic heterogeneity. We propose an affinity based unification method for global view construction. In the method: (1) the concept of affinity is introduced to assess the level of semantic relationship between elements in different schemas by taking into account semantic heterogeneity; (2) schema elements are classified by affinity levels using clustering procedures so that their different representations can be analyzed for unification; (3) global views are constructed starting from selected clusters by unifying representations of their elements. Experiences of applying the proposed unification method and the associated tool environment ARTEMIS on databases of the Italian Public Administration information systems are described.
Formation and properties of substituted manganese carbonyl radicals (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation and properties of substituted manganese carbonyl radicalsDennis R. Kidd, C. P. Cheng, and Theodore L. BrownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 13, 4103–4107Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00481a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00481a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Our experiences in processing maize (corn) germ oil (1983)

Abstract This paper discusses the properties and composition of corn oil. Influences of processing steps on oil quality are described, along with alkali and physical refining, degumming, bleaching, dewaxing, deacification‐decodorization. A new method for wet degumming‐bleaching and deacidification‐deodorization is presented. Flowsheets and other data are given for a new 150 metric tons per day of corn oil plant.
Simulated control system design of a multilevel STATCOM for reactive power compensation (2012)

This paper deals with the design and implementation of a multilevel voltage source converter based static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) employing an effective modulation control technique simulated in a MATLAB Simulink environment. The main objective of this paper is to maintain the voltage stability by compensating the reactive power in the power system. Hence, a new efficient control strategy is proposed, in order to reduce the voltage fluctuations like sag and swell conditions and also to isolate current and voltage harmonics in the transmission system. The multilevel STATCOM which can be used at the point of common coupling (PCC), for improving power quality is modelled and simulated using proposed control strategy and the performance is compared by applying it to an 110kv line with and without STATCOM. Relative Harmonic analysis is also discussed in this paper based on the total harmonic distortion (THD) calculations.
Fermentative Production of Thymidine by a Metabolically Engineered <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strain (2009)

Thymidine is an important precursor in the production of various antiviral drugs, including azidothymidine for the treatment of AIDS. Since thymidine-containing nucleotides are synthesized only by the de novo pathway during DNA synthesis, it is not easy to produce a large amount of thymidine biologically. In order to develop a host strain to produce thymidine, thymidine phosphorylase, thymidine kinase, and uridine phosphorylase genes were deleted from an Escherichia coli BL21 strain to develop BLdtu. Since the genes coding for the enzymes related to the nucleotide salvage pathway were disrupted, BLdtu was unable to utilize thymidine or thymine, and thymidine degradation activity was completely abrogated. We additionally expressed T4 thymidylate synthase, T4 nucleotide diphosphate reductase, bacteriophage PBS2 TMP phosphohydrolase, E. coli dCTP deaminase, and E. coli uridine kinase in the BLdtu strain to develop a thymidine-producing strain (BLdtu24). BLdtu24 produced 649.3 mg liter(-1) of thymidine in a 7-liter batch fermenter for 24 h, and neither thymine nor uridine was detected. However, the dUTP/dTTP ratio was increased in BLdtu24, which could lead to increased double-strand breakages and eventually to cell deaths during fermentation. To enhance thymidine production and to prevent cell deaths during fermentation, we disrupted a gene (encoding uracil-DNA N-glycosylase) involved in DNA excision repair to suppress the consumption of dTTP and developed BLdtug24. Compared with the thymidine production in BLdtu24, the thymidine production in BLdtug24 was increased by approximately 1.2-fold (740.3 mg liter(-1)). Here, we show that a thymidine-producing strain with a relatively high yield can be developed using a metabolic engineering approach.
Sleep in Restrictive Lung Disease (1986)

Restrictive lung disease patients exhibit a wide range of breathing and oxygenation abnormalities during sleep. The combination of degree of restriction, whether it is intrapulmonary or extrapulmonary, and confounding factors, such as obesity, age, and sex, will ultimately determine the degree of disturbed nocturnal physiology. The sleep literature is still sparse in most restrictive diseases. For patients with interstitial lung disease, the role of nocturnal oxygen in chronic established fibrosis, and also in acute alveolitis (e.g., farmer's lung, bird fancier's lung, etc.), has not been addressed. As fibrotic lung disease progresses, the degree of nocturnal desaturation and breathing dysrhythmias will progress. Changes in sleep architecture are likely related to the progression of the disease, but this is not known with certainty. Long-term evaluation of sleep and breathing in interstitial lung disease will give further insight into whether or not sleep changes are primary or secondary events. For kyphoscoliosis patients, again, we need more information on sleep as the thoracic deformity changes. In addition, the use of drugs (acetazolomide, medroxyprogesterone, and almitrine) and/or nasal CPAP to treat nocturnal desaturation needs to be assessed in a controlled fashion. In neuromuscular disease, the dynamics of gas exchange and sleep structure need to be defined in a larger group of patients. Factors such as degree of muscle weakness, degree of underlying lung diseases, and medications must be taken into consideration. Nocturnal hypoxemia may cause muscle weakness and fatigue, which in time, could cause more nocturnal hypoventilation and further hypoxemia. Supplemental nocturnal oxygen should be evaluated in this population.