gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer Aided Development of Antiarrhythmic Agents with Class III<sub>a</sub> Properties (1994)

Most antiarrhythmic agents were discovered accidentally. In the last decade, the understanding of the mechanisms of action of agents with electrophysiologic activity has progressed greatly. As a result, it was possible to compute, before the CAST trial, that the agents selected for the trial would not be effective against tachycardias and that the drugs would be unsafe. Extension of these computations to existing Class I agents indicated that they were all poor suppressors of ventricular tachycardia. Furthermore, a Class I agent with an optimal electrophysiologic profile still computes to be a two-edged sword, possessing both antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic properties. Fortunately, it is possible to conceive of drug profiles that would be purer antiarrhythmic agents. For example, a drug that only upon the development of a tachycardia lengthens action potential duration in a use-dependent manner until the refractory period exceeds the tachycardia cycle length will render continuation of the tachycardia impossible. Recognition of chemicals that have Class IIIa properties with the appropriate kinetics is a challenging task. However, today's microprocessors have become powerful enough to characterize the Class III kinetics. A system that fully automatically screens for effective antiarrhythmic agents is described. It is expected that chemicals selected for optimal basic electrophysiologic properties will yield safer and more effective antiarrhythmic agents.
Compressed Sensing for UWB medical radar applications (2012)

UWB has been a very attractive choice for medical radar and localization applications. The use of UWB signals can provide distance measurements with very high accuracy but a big challenge is caused by high attenuation resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios. It is well-known that analog-to-digital conversion is practically not feasible for UWB. Compressed Sensing is an emerging concept which potentially could solve this problem. The weakness of this concept is to handle noisy signals. We propose an implementation strategy to overcome this problem. The hardware implementation and complexity are also taken into account. Simulation results show significant improvements compared to conventional algorithms for both ideal and measured signals.
Lipoxin B <sub>4</sub> regulates human monocyte/neutrophil adherence and motility: design of stable lipoxin B <sub>4</sub> analogs with increased biologic activity (1998)

Lipoxins are biologically active products of arachidonic acid that are formed via cell-cell interactions, particularly those involving leukocytes. Lipoxin A4 and lipoxin B4 (LXB4), within similar concentration ranges, each inhibit human neutrophil, activate monocyte adherence and motility, and are rapidly converted by initial dehydrogenation to other inactive metabolites by human monocytes. Here, we exposed LXB4 to isolated recombinant 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) and found that it was a good substrate for the enzyme (Km=6.9 microM); we identified the major product as 5-oxo-LXB4 via physical methods including liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. This is the first evidence of 15-PGDH converting a substrate hydroxyl group at a position other than the omega-6 carbon. Based on these observations, several LXB4 analogs were designed and prepared by total organic synthesis to test as stable mimetics: 5(S)-methyl-LXB4-me, 5(R)-methyl-LXB4-me, and 15-epi-LXB4-me (the aspirin-triggered form of LXB4). Both 5(S)-methyl-LXB4-me and 5(R)-methyl-LXB4-me were resistant to rapid conversion. In addition, actions of the stable analogs were evaluated separately with human mono-cytic cells and neutrophils, and 5(S)-methyl-LXB4-me was more potent (nM range) than LXB4 for both cell types. In contrast, 5(R)-methyl-LXB4-me was potent in inhibiting neutrophil transmigration across endothelial monolayers, but did not stimulate monocyte adherence. These results indicate that LXB4 analogs can be designed to resist rapid transformation and retain bioactivity with both monocytes and neutrophils. Moreover, they suggest that LXB4 stable analogs are useful tools to selectively evaluate the modes of actions of LXB4 with different tissues.
Improved Efficiency for Primer Extension by Using a Long, Highly-Labeled Primer Generated from Immobilized Single-Stranded DNA Templates (1997)

Primer extension is one of the most common methods used to measure the amount and size of RNAs. We demonstrate that the sensitivity and the specificity of this method are improved considerably by using a highly-labeled single-stranded DNA generated from a biotinylated single-stranded DNA template, as a long specific primer in the reverse transcription reaction. This new approach allows the detection of transcripts with a low expression level from microgram quantities of total RNA.
Correlation of Xylem Sap Cytokinin Levels with Monocarpic Senescence in Soybean (1990)

Cytokinins (CKs) coming from the roots via the xylem are known to delay leaf senescence, and their decline may be important in the senescence of soybean (Glycine max) plants during pod development (monocarpic senescence). Therefore, using radioimmunoassay of highly purified CKs, we quantified the zeatin (Z), zeatin riboside (ZR), the dihydro derivatives (DZ, DZR), the O-glucosides, and DZ nucleotide in xylem sap collected from root stocks under pressure at various stages of pod development. Z, ZR, DZ, and DZR dropped sharply during early pod development to levels below those expected to retard senescence. Pod removal at full extension, which delayed leaf senescence, caused an increase in xylem sap CKs (particularly ZR and DZR), while depodding at late podfill, which did not delay senescence, likewise did not increase the CK levels greatly. The levels of the O-glucosides and the DZ nucleotide were relatively low, and they showed less change with senescence or depodding. The differences in the responses of individual CKs to senescence and depodding suggest differences in their metabolism. Judging from their activity, concentrations and response to depodding, DZR and ZR may be the most important senescence retardants in soybean xylem sap. These data also suggest that the pods can depress CK production by the roots at an early stage and this decrease in CK production is required for monocarpic senescence in soybean.
A Power Consumption Analysis of Tight-Coupled WLAN/UMTS Networks (2007)

The proliferation of WLANs and the ubiquitous coverage of cellular networks have resulted in several integration proposals towards 4G networks. Among them, the tight- coupled WLAN/UMTS architectures promise seamless service continuity to users and enhanced network performance. Most of these solutions assume that only one interface is active at a time, while much fewer consider the concurrent use of both WLAN and UMTS interfaces as this is expected to consume more energy. This paper presents a detailed description of power consumption for the two different tight-coupled WLAN/UMTS approaches based on the states of the wireless devices. A simple analytical model is provided for estimating the power consumption in each approach, while a simulation model measures the power needs for more complicated cases. Moreover, the enhancement due to a power-saving mechanism in WLAN is also assumed in the system and useful deductions are provided about the average power consumption per mobile terminal.
A Simple QC Test for Knock Sensors (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A simple set-up for quick and purely electrical QC testing of knock sensors is described in this paper. The main goal is to measure the “impedance” frequency response function of the sensors. The advantages of the test procedure described in this paper are as follows: Simple “pseudo” one channel measurement, from the operator's point of view. Electrical testing, i.e. no need for shakers, power amplifiers, elaborate fixtures etc.. Pulse excitation, thus very fast - in the order of 100ms for one measurement test. No averaging needed. Standard frequency response function display is used, i.e. no complex postprocessing needed. The only requirement is a small junction box with the necessary transformer and some electronics. The power supply for the junction box is the analyzer. The testing method can be extended to other types of transducers such as accelerometers.</div>
[Detection of IgH rearrangements using real-time quantitative PCR and its reaction parameters]. (2005)

To investigate the optimal reaction conditions of clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with consensus primers and the feasibility of detecting this gene using SYBR green I real-time quantitative PCR with consensus primers, the systemic experiments were performed, which included annealing temperature, concentration of primer, the amount of Taq enzyme, concentration of dNTP and Mg(2+), number of PCR cycles. Detection of this gene on SYBR green I real-time quantitative PCR with consensus primers was carried out under the optimal reaction parameters obtained from previous study, and the sensitivity of IgH rearrangements gene was examined by using SYBR green I real-time quantitative PCR. The results indicated that the optimal annealing temperature was 60 degrees C, the optimal concentration of primers was 0.8 micromol/L, the satisfactory Taq enzyme amount was 0.5 U, the optimal concentration of dNTP was 100 micromol/L, the optimal concentration of Mg(2+) was 3.0 mmol/L, the suitable number of cycle was 40 cycles. Amplification of IgH rearrangement gene and detection of desired gene fluorescence signal on SYBR green I real-time PCR were performed. The sensitivity of IgH gene using this quantitative PCR was 10(4)/ml. It is concluded that the optimal reaction parameters for amplification of clonal IgH rearrangements gene by using PCR technique was determined, and stable and specific amplification of desired gene with consensus primers was performed. Basically, IgH rearrangement gene was successfully detected by SYBR green I real-time PCR.
Fitting procedural yarn models for realistic cloth rendering (2016)

Fabrics play a significant role in many applications in design, prototyping, and entertainment. Recent fiber-based models capture the rich visual appearance of fabrics, but are too onerous to design and edit. Yarn-based procedural models are powerful and convenient, but too regular and not realistic enough in appearance. In this paper, we introduce an automatic fitting approach to create high-quality procedural yarn models of fabrics with fiber-level details. We fit CT data to procedural models to automatically recover a full range of parameters, and augment the models with a measurement-based model of flyaway fibers. We validate our fabric models against CT measurements and photographs, and demonstrate the utility of this approach for fabric modeling and editing.
Effectiveness of the lidocaine patch 5% on pain qualities in three chronic pain states: assessment with the Neuropathic Pain Scale (2004)

The lidocaine patch 5% effectively reduces the intensity of all common pain qualities in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic pain resulting from PHN, painful DN, or LBP. Treatment is well tolerated in combination with other analgesic regimens, with no reports of serious AEs or adverse drug interactions. Assessment scales such as the NPS may offer the possibility to differentiate between various pain states and to assess treatment outcomes for various pain qualities associated with a given pain state.
Strategies for nonradioactive methods in the localization of phosphorylated amino acids in proteins <sup>1</sup> (1993)

Identification of O-phosphorylated amino acids within the primary structure of regulatory proteins is important in understanding the mechanisms by which their functions are regulated. In many cases radioactive labeling with [32P]phosphate is tedious or sometimes impossible. Therefore, we have established a series of new non-radioactive methods that permit the localization of phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, and phosphotyrosine. After partial hydrolysis of a phosphopeptide or phosphoprotein, phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, or phosphotyrosine are determined by capillary electrophoresis as their dabsyl-derivatives. Chemical modification transforms phosphoserine or phosphothreonine to S-ethyl-cysteine or beta-methyl-S-ethyl-cysteine, respectively, allowing their localization during sequence analysis. We apply solid-phase sequencing to overcome the limitations of the gas-phase sequenator in the case of phosphotyrosine-containing peptides. Liquid chromatography on-line connected to an electrospray mass spectrometer is a powerful new method of increasing importance in the protein chemistry field. It is especially well suited for identification of phosphoserine- or phosphothreonine-containing peptides in a proteolytic digest of a phosphoprotein. In this article we will describe how to work with these new methods practically.
Role of c-Src Tyrosine Kinase in G Protein-coupled Receptorand Gβγ Subunit-mediated Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases (1996)

Several G protein-coupled receptors that interact with pertussis toxin-sensitive heterotrimeric G proteins mediate Ras-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. The mechanism involves Gbetagamma subunit-mediated increases in tyrosine phosphorylation of the Shc adapter protein, Shc*Grb2 complex formation, and recruitment of Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity. We have investigated the role of the ubiquitous nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Src in activation of the MAP kinase pathway via endogenous G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors or by transient expression of Gbetagamma subunits in COS-7 cells. In vitro kinase assays of Shc immunoprecipitates following LPA stimulation demonstrated rapid, transient recruitment of tyrosine kinase activity into Shc immune complexes. Recruitment of tyrosine kinase activity was pertussis toxin-sensitive and mimicked by cellular expression of Gbetagamma subunits. Immunoblots for coprecipitated proteins in Shc immunoprecipitates revealed a transient association of Shc and c-Src following LPA stimulation, which coincided with increases in Shc-associated tyrosine kinase activity and Shc tyrosine phosphorylation. LPA stimulation or expression of Gbetagamma subunits resulted in c-Src activation, as assessed by increased c-Src autophosphorylation. Overexpression of wild-type or constitutively active mutant c-Src, but not kinase inactive mutant c-Src, lead to increased tyrosine kinase activity in Shc immunoprecipitates, increased Shc tyrosine phosphorylation, and Shc.Grb2 complex formation. MAP kinase activation resulting from LPA receptor stimulation, expression of Gbetagamma subunits, or expression of c-Src was sensitive to dominant negatives of mSos, Ras, and Raf. Coexpression of Csk, which inactivates Src family kinases by phosphorylating the regulatory C-terminal tyrosine residue, inhibited LPA stimulation of Shc tyrosine phosphorylation, Shc.Grb2 complex formation, and MAP kinase activation. These data suggest that Gbetagamma subunit-mediated formation of Shc.c-Src complexes and c-Src kinase activation are early events in Ras-dependent activation of MAP kinase via pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors.
Managing exudate and maceration in venous leg ulceration within the acute health setting (2017)

Exudate has beneficial effects in normal wound healing but detrimental consequences for chronic wounds. Practitioners need to identify and treat its cause, and manage the exudate and prevent if from damaging periwound skin. Management involves dressings of the most appropriate absorbency and other products, and avoiding maceration of periwound skin; compression therapy is the gold standard treatment for treating oedema and venous leg ulceration. Nurses in acute settings may not have the skills to implement or maintain compression therapy; this article is intended for nurses who may have to manage these patients temporarily while they are admitted to secondary care and may not have the skills.
Enhanced substrate-induced coupling in two-dimensional gold nanoparticle arrays (2002)

The influence of substrate induced coupling on plasmon excitations is probed by means of visible and near-infrared extinction microspectroscopy on various arrays of gold oblate spheroidal particles deposited onto a 20-nm-thick gold film. At zero incidence angle and for an interparticle spacing smaller than 250 nm, the spectra exhibit two bands instead of the single one observed for similar particles but deposited on indium tin oxide coated glass. We suggest that the short-wavelength band proceeds from two simultaneous mechanisms: (i) Excitation of a surface-plasmon resonance localized on the particles. (ii) Generation at the gold-glass interface of a propagating surface-plasmon wave due to the fact that the gold particles can act as a grating coupler. Surface-enhanced Raman-scattering experiments performed on oblate spheroid arrays give arguments in favor of the attribution of the long-wavelength band to surface-plasmon resonance of an ensemble of strongly coupled particles. When increasing the spacing between particles of the array beyond 250 nm, extinction spectra display the emergence of a new band. Calculations suggest that this new band proceeds from the excitation of a surface-plasmon standing wave on the film due to Bragg scattering. This assignment to Bragg scattering is supported by the investigation of the effect of varying the incidence angle under both transverse magnetic and transverse electric polarizations.
Fetal echocardiography: 20 years of progress (2001)

Considerable advances in ultrasound technology and close collaboration between the specialties of paediatric cardiology and fetal medicine have resulted in the increasing ability to diagnose congenital heart disease before birth over the last two decades. Fetal cardiology differs from paediatric cardiology not only in the spectrum of diseases seen, but also in the assessment of function because of the extended feto-placental circulation. Importantly, outcomes for specific lesions may differ as extracardiac abnormalities and chromosomal defects may alter the prognosis of otherwise straightforward cardiac lesions such as tetralogy of Fallot.1 Historically the examination of the fetal heart and circulation developed separately, obstetricians using Doppler to examine the uteroplacental circulation to study the pathophysiology of pregnancy,2 3 while cardiologists focused their attention on the morphological aspects of cardiac development using M mode and Doppler.4 5 In today's practice a comprehensive evaluation of the fetal cardiovascular system includes both structural and functional assessment using new technologies to monitor the progression of cardiac defects and to aid management decisions such as the need for early delivery, treatment of arrhythmia or for interventions such as balloon valvuloplasty of semilunar valve obstruction.

Congenital heart disease affects 6–8 per 1000 live births, at least half of which should be detectable before birth because of their serious nature. However, if examination of the fetal heart is confined to traditional high risk groups only about 20% of babies born with congenital heart disease will be identified (table 1). Therefore the focus must be to examine all pregnancies for cardiac malformations. The opportunity to do so is present in some centres at 11–14 weeks when nuchal fold thickness is measured to assess the risk of chromosomal defects in the fetus. However, in the UK most pregnant women are assessed for the first time in detail by sonographers …
Morpholinium Trifluoroacetate‐Catalyzed Aldol Condensation of Acetone with both Aromatic and Aliphatic Aldehydes (2010)

Abstract We report a highly efficient, general and practical method for the aldol condensation of acetone with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, using morpholinium trifluoroacetate as a catalyst.
Interweaving Caring and Economics in the Context of Place: Experiences of Northern and Rural Women Caregivers (2010)

While caregiving in northern, rural and remote communities takes place in the context of conditions unique to smaller communities, caregivers live with social policies that are shaped by urban norms rather than rural realities. In times of economic decline and government cuts rural issues of limited services and infrastructure as well as dependency on a single industry can lead to unemployment, community and family instability, and a decline in health and well-being. During these times caregivers face increased pressure to voluntarily fill the gaps left by service cuts. Research with women caregivers in four communities in northern British Columbia (BC), Canada explores the experiences of caring and the social, geographic, economic and political contexts within which the caregiving occurs. The discourse of economic efficiencies that speaks solely to the monetary value of care is contrasted with the human condition of connectedness and relationships. These two contradictory perspectives are uncovered during interviews with women caregivers and analyzed in the framework of Olena Hankivsky's discussion of an ethic of care.
Design and implementation of fiber-based multiphoton endoscopy with microelectromechanical systems scanning (2009)

A multiphoton endoscopy system has been developed using a two-axis microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror and double-cladding photonic crystal fiber (DCPCF). The MEMS mirror has a 2-mm-diam, 20-deg optical scanning angle, and 1.26-kHz and 780-Hz resonance frequencies on the x and y axes. The maximum number of resolvable focal spots of the MEMS scanner is 720 x 720 on the x and y axes, which indicates that the MEMS scanner can potentially support high-resolution multiphoton imaging. The DCPCF is compared with standard single-mode fiber and hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber on the basis of dispersion, attenuation, and coupling efficiency properties. The DCPCF has high collection efficiency, and its dispersion can be compensated by grating pairs. Three configurations of probe design are investigated, and their imaging quality and field of view are compared. A two-lens configuration with a collimation and a focusing lens provides the optimum imaging performance and packaging flexibility. The endoscope is applied to image fluorescent microspheres and bovine knee joint cartilage.
The Telomerase Antagonist, Imetelstat, Efficiently Targets Glioblastoma Tumor-Initiating Cells Leading to Decreased Proliferation and Tumor Growth (2010)

This preclinical study supports the feasibility of testing imetelstat in the treatment of GBM patients, alone or in combination with standard therapies.
An Anatomical Site and Genetic-Based Prognostic Model for Patients With Nuclear Protein in Testis (NUT) Midline Carcinoma: Analysis of 124 Patients (2019)

We identify three risk groups defined by anatomic site and <i>NUT</i> fusion type. Nonthoracic primary with non-<i>BRD4-NUT</i> fusion confers the best prognosis, followed by nonthoracic primary with <i>BRD4-NUT</i>. Thoracic NC patients, regardless of the <i>NUT</i> fusion, have the worst survival.