gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alginate lyase enhances antibiotic killing of mucoid <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in biofilms (2006)

Once mucoid (alginate-producing) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have become established in the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis patients they can rarely be eliminated by antibiotic treatment alone; we have investigated, in an in vitro biofilm system, the putative role of co-administration of alginate lyase with antibiotic. Biofilms were maintained in continuous flow culture in a medium resembling sputum from CF patients. Antibiotics and/or alginate lyase were added to some of the cultures. Biofilms of two mucoid CF strains of P. aeruginosa were, in most cases, not eradicated by a one-week course of treatment with 64 microg/ml of gentamicin; the same concentration of gentamicin, under the same conditions, led to the apparent elimination of all biofilms of non-mucoid derivatives of these strains. When alginate lyase and gentamicin were administered together the apparent elimination of mucoid bacteria from biofilms was achieved, whereas the mucoid bacteria in most control biofilms treated only with gentamicin persisted. Ceftazidime treatment of biofilms was more effective against those containing the non-mucoid strains than those with mucoid strains. These studies support the view that co-administration of antibiotics with alginate lyase, which degrades the exopolysaccharide produced by mucoid strains of P aeruginosa, might benefit CF patients by increasing the efficacy of antibiotic in the respiratory tract.
Neural differentiation from pluripotent stem cells: The role of natural and synthetic extracellular matrix (2014)

Neural cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, provide a powerful tool for drug screening, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. High-purity oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have been derived from PSCs recently due to the advancements in understanding the developmental signaling pathways. Extracellular matrices (ECM) have been shown to play important roles in regulating the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neural cells. To improve the function and maturation of the derived neural cells from PSCs, understanding the effects of ECM over the course of neural differentiation of PSCs is critical. During neural differentiation of PSCs, the cells are sensitive to the properties of natural or synthetic ECMs, including biochemical composition, biomechanical properties, and structural/topographical features. This review summarizes recent advances in neural differentiation of human PSCs into OPCs and NPCs, focusing on the role of ECM in modulating the composition and function of the differentiated cells. Especially, the importance of using three-dimensional ECM scaffolds to simulate the in vivo microenvironment for neural differentiation of PSCs is highlighted. Future perspectives including the immediate applications of PSC-derived neural cells in drug screening and disease modeling are also discussed.
Laser induced disordering of GaAs-AlGaAs superlattice and incorporation of Si impurity (1986)

A scanned Ar+ laser beam is demonstrated to be an effective way to selectively disorder very localized regions of an AlGaAs-GaAs superlattice. As the focused laser beam scans across the sample, the superlattice rapidly melts and then regrows. Scanning electron microscope images of the scan cross section show a micron-sized region of nearly homogeneous composition with a sharp (&lt;400 Å) transition to as-grown superlattice material. In addition, dopants such as Si deposited on the surface in an encapsulation layer are incorporated into the melt in high concentrations during the scanning process. In this way, the recrystallized material can serve as a patterned source for impurity induced disordering during a standard thermal anneal. The depth and width of the disordered region are given as a function of laser power measured before and after the thermal anneal (850 °C, 6 h).
Theoretical analysis of the energy performance of three low global warming potential hydro-fluorocarbon refrigerants as R134a alternatives in refrigeration systems (2013)

In this study, the energy performances of low global warming potential R152a, R161 and R1234yf refrigerants were investigated theoretically as alternatives to R134a in vapour compression refrigeration system. The results obtained showed that the saturation vapour pressures for R152a and R1234yf are very close to the pressure of R134a, which indicates similar properties, while that of R161, between the temperatures range of −30℃ and 40℃, deviated significantly by being 49.2% higher than that of R134a. R152a emerged as the most energy efficient of the investigated refrigerants with average power per ton of refrigeration being 30.5% less than that of R134a. R152a and R161 exhibited higher volumetric refrigerating capacity and coefficient of performance than did R134a. The highest coefficient of performance was obtained using R152a in the system, with average value being 43.5% higher than that of R134a, while the average coefficient of performances for R161 and R1234yf are 4.8% higher and 7.1% lower, respectively. Generally, R152a performed better than other two alternatives, except that it is mildly flammable refrigerant. Major system redesign will be required before R161 can be employed as substitute for R134a. Also, R1234yf showed slightly low energy performance in terms of power per ton of refrigeration, volumetric refrigerating capacity and coefficient of performance.
Quality of service analysis of interworking WLAN and UMTS networks coupled in three architectures (2014)

Increasing demand for internet services, through mobile networks can be addressed by interworking wireless local area network and universal mobile telecommunication system. Interworking should be carried in such a way that users receive better service. This paper analyses the performance of loose coupling, tight coupling and hybrid coupling interworking architectures in terms of metrics like throughput, media access delay and load through simulation, using OPNET 14.5. The performances of these three interworking architectures are compared. Simulation results show that loose coupling has high throughput, moderate media access delay and moderate load. Tight coupling has low throughput, low media access delay and it handles less load. Hybrid coupling has moderate throughput, high media access delay and high load handling capability than other schemes.
Epigenetic therapy in myeloproliferative neoplasms: evidence and perspectives (2009)

The classic Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), which include polycythaemia vera, essential thrombocythaemia and primary myelofibrosis, originate from a stem cell-derived clonal myeloproliferation that manifests itself with variable haematopoietic cell lineage involvement; they are characterized by a high degree of similarities and the chance to transform each to the other and to evolve into acute leukaemia. Their molecular pathogenesis has been associated with recurrent acquired mutations in janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL). These discoveries have simplified the diagnostic approach and provided a number of clues to understanding the phenotypic expression of MPNs; furthermore, they represented a framework for developing and/or testing in clinical trials small molecules acting as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. On the other hand, evidence of abnormal epigenetic gene regulation as a mechanism potentially contributing to the pathogenesis and the phenotypic diversity of MPNs is still scanty; however, study of epigenetics in MPNs represents an active field of research. The first clinical trials with epigenetic drugs have been completed recently, whereas others are still ongoing; results have been variable and at present do not allow any firm conclusion. Novel basic and translational information concerning epigenetic gene regulation in MPNs and the perspectives for therapy will be critically addressed in this review.
Working Point Adjustable DC-SQUID for the Readout of Gap Tunable Flux Qubit (2015)

In flux qubits, qubit states are commonly read out by a dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), which is inductively coupled to the qubit and works as a persistent current detector. However, neither the bottom nor the top regions of the critical current modulation curve of the SQUID can be used for the readout. In this paper, we show that a flux-trap loop inserted to the readout SQUID provides the ability to adjust the working point, which helps to avoid this constraint. This improvement is useful for some complicated flux qubit experiments.
Efficacy of antigiardial drugs (2003)

The flagellated protozoa Giardia duodenalis is the most commonly detected parasite in the intestinal tract of humans. Infections with the parasite result in diarrhoeal disease in humans and animals, with infants at risk from failure-to-thrive syndrome. The incidence of giardiasis worldwide may be as high as 1000 million cases. Current recommended treatments include the nitroheterocyclic drugs tinidazole, metronidazole and furazolidone, the substituted acridine, quinacrine, and the benzimidazole, albendazole. Paromomycin is also used in some situations, and nitazoxanide is proving to be useful. However, treatment failures have been reported with all of the common antigiardial agents, and drug resistance to all available drugs has been demonstrated in the laboratory. In addition, clinical resistance has been reported, including cases where patients failed both metronidazole and albendazole treatments. The identification of new antigiardial drugs is an important consideration for the future, but maintaining the usefulness of the existing drugs is the most cost-effective measure to ensure the continued availability of antigiardial drugs.
Optical Imaging: Current Applications and Future Directions (2007)

Optical techniques, such as bioluminescence and fluorescence, are emerging as powerful new modalities for molecular imaging in disease and therapy. Combining innovative molecular biology and chemistry, researchers have developed optical methods for imaging a variety of cellular and molecular processes in vivo, including protein interactions, protein degradation, and protease activity. Whereas optical imaging has been used primarily for research in small-animal models, there are several areas in which optical molecular imaging will translate to clinical medicine. In this review, we summarize recent advances in optical techniques for molecular imaging and the potential impact for clinical medicine.
Ground plane effects on planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) performance (2003)

The planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is popular for portable wireless devices because of its compact size and low profile. The PIFA is designed to operate with a ground plane and the ground plane is an integral part of the antenna assembly. In fact, the ground plane size is the limiting factor for the PIFA in many applications. Some work has been reported on the performance of PIFAs mounted on a conducting box of fixed size; however, what is lacking is a parametric study on the antenna behaviour as a function of geometry or antenna position and orientation on a finite ground plane. This paper presents results from a comprehensive investigation on the performance of a conventional PIFA mounted on ground planes of various sizes and shapes. The orientation and position of the antenna on a fixed-size ground plane is analysed. The influence of ground plane geometry on resonant frequency, bandwidth, gain, and radiation patterns are presented. These results are very useful in the design of a PIFA for applications requiring a small ground plane. Specifically, the results show the trade-offs between PIFA geometry and ground plane size with electrical performance. Both numerical simulation and experimental data are presented.
204.4 Identifiers for Digital Objects: The case of software source code preservation. (2018)

In the very broad scope addressed by digital preservation initiatives, a special place belongs to the scientific and technical artifacts that we need to properly archive to enable scientific reproducibility. For these artifacts we need identifiers that are not only unique and persistent, but also support integrity in an intrinsic way. They must provide strong guarantees that the object denoted by a given identifier will always be the same, without relying on third parties and external administrative processes. In this article, we report on our quest for this identifiers for digital objects (IDOs), whose properties are different from, and complementary to, those of the various digital identifiers of objects (DIOs) that are in widespread use today. We argue that both kinds of identifiers are needed and present the framework for intrinsic persistent identifiers that we have adopted in Software Heritage for preserving billions of software artifacts.
+33 dBm output power from a full C-band cladding diode-pumped EDFA (2002)

An EDFA covering the full C-band has been operated with a record output power of +33 dBm, owing to a new 50-mum pump design incorporating 100-mum diodes
Studies on Mechanism of Action of Anticancer Peptides by Modulation of Hydrophobicity Within a Defined Structural Framework (2011)

In the present study, the hydrophobicity of a 26-residue α-helical peptide (peptide P) was altered to study the effects of peptide hydrophobicity on the mechanism of action of cationic anticancer peptides. Hydrophobicity of the nonpolar face of the peptides was shown to correlate with peptide helicity. The self-association ability of peptides in aqueous environment, determined by the reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography temperature profiling, showed strong influence on anticancer activity. The peptide analogues with greater hydrophobicity showed stronger anticancer activity determined by IC(50) values with a necrotic-like membrane disruption mechanism. Peptide analogues exhibited high specificity against cancer cells and much higher anticancer activity than widely-used anticancer chemical drugs. The mechanism of action of anticancer peptides was also investigated. The hydrophobicity of peptides plays a crucial role in the mechanism of action against cancer cells, which could present a way, using a de novo design approach, to create anticancer peptides as potential therapeutics in clinical practices.
A modular multilevel space vector modulation for photovoltaic quasi-Z-source cascade multilevel inverter (2013)

A quasi-Z-source cascade multilevel inverter (qZSCMLI) based photovoltaic (PV) power system yields high-quality output voltage with power switching at low frequency similar to traditional cascade multilevel inverter (CMLI), and boosts PV panel voltages by quasi-Z-source shoot-through duty ratio control. A two-level space vector modulation (SVM) based multilevel SVM for qZS-CMLI is presented to independently control the shoot-through duty ratio of respective H-bridge inverter (HBI) cells, with the aim to compensate the unequal voltages of separate PV modules. Moreover, it can be modularly extended to any cascaded levels. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validness of the proposed scheme.
Effect of Strong Acid Functional Groups on Electrode Rise Potential in Capacitive Mixing by Double Layer Expansion (2014)

The amount of salinity-gradient energy that can be obtained through capacitive mixing based on double layer expansion depends on the extent the electric double layer (EDL) is altered in a low salt concentration (LC) electrolyte (e.g., river water). We show that the electrode-rise potential, which is a measure of the EDL perturbation process, was significantly (P = 10(–5)) correlated to the concentration of strong acid surface functional groups using five types of activated carbon. Electrodes with the lowest concentration of strong acids (0.05 mmol g(–1)) had a positive rise potential of 59 ± 4 mV in the LC solution, whereas the carbon with the highest concentration (0.36 mmol g(–1)) had a negative rise potential (−31 ± 5 mV). Chemical oxidation of a carbon (YP50) using nitric acid decreased the electrode rise potential from 46 ± 2 mV (unaltered) to −6 ± 0.5 mV (oxidized), producing a whole cell potential (53 ± 1.7 mV) that was 4.4 times larger than that obtained with identical electrode materials (from 12 ± 1 mV). Changes in the EDL were linked to the behavior of specific ions in a LC solution using molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulations. The EDL expanded in the LC solution when a carbon surface (pristine graphene) lacked strong acid functional groups, producing a positive-rise potential at the electrode. In contrast, the EDL was compressed for an oxidized surface (graphene oxide), producing a negative-rise electrode potential. These results established the linkage between rise potentials and specific surface functional groups (strong acids) and demonstrated on a molecular scale changes in the EDL using oxidized or pristine carbons.
A narrow-band interference filter with photorefractive LiNbO<sub>3</sub> (1994)

A narrow-bandwidth interference filter has been developed using volume holography in photorefractive LiNbO3 crystals. The device works as a Bragg reflector using a volume hologram recorded, fixed and developed in a LiNbO3 sample. With a 2 mm thick LiNbO3 plate the following performances have been achieved: a peak reflectivity above 32%, a full-width at half-maximum bandwidth below 0.05 nm, an angular field of view of about 3 degrees and a peak wavelength of 518.45 nm (for green Ar laser writing wavelength). These performances compare well with that exhibited by the conventional Lyot-Ohman and Solc filters. A complete explanation of the fabrication procedure is given, including practical details needed for producing such an efficiency with fixed holograms in LiNbO3.
DYNAMIC RESPONSE IN INFRASONIC FREQUENCY RANGE OF HIGHWAY BRIDGE DECK SLABS (1983)

(3)
Structure of the lac carrier protein of Escherichia coli. (1983)

Circular dichroic measurements on the lac carrier protein purified from the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli indicate that 85 +/- 5% of the amino acid residues comprising this integral membrane protein are arranged in helical secondary structures. Analysis of the sequential hydropathic character of this protein by the method of Kyte and Doolittle (J. Mol. Biol. (1982) 157, 105-132) indicates that the protein is composed of at least 12 hydrophobic segments with a mean length of 24 +/- 4 residues/segment. Approximately 70% of the 417 amino acids in the lac carrier are found in these domains. The hydropathic profile, together with the circular dichroic measurements, suggest that the 12 hydrophobic segments are largely in a helical conformation. If the segments are assumed to be alpha-helical, the mean length of each domain approximates the thickness of the most hydrophobic portion of the lipid bilayer. Based on these considerations, it is proposed that the lac carrier protein consists of at least 12 alpha-helical segments that traverse the membrane in a perpendicular sense, i.e. in a fashion similar to bacteriorhodopsin.
The Analysis of Contingency Tables. (1992)

Contingency tables and the chi-square test.- 2 x 2 Contingency tables.- r x c Contingency tables.- Multidimensional tables.- Log-linear models for contingency tables.- Some special types of contingency table.
STERIC HINDRANCE IN HIGHLY-SUBSTITUTED ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS. I. THE REACTION OF ARYLLITHIUM COMPOUNDS WITH SOME CHLOROSILANES, ETHOXYSILANES, AND RELATED COMPOUNDS (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTERIC HINDRANCE IN HIGHLY-SUBSTITUTED ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS. I. THE REACTION OF ARYLLITHIUM COMPOUNDS WITH SOME CHLOROSILANES, ETHOXYSILANES, AND RELATED COMPOUNDSHENRY GILMAN and G. N. RUSSELL SMARTCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1950, 15, 4, 720–740Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01150a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01150a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views492Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Catalysis of chemical reactions by electrodes (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalysis of chemical reactions by electrodesJean Michel SaveantCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1980, 13, 9, 323–329Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50153a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views860Altmetric-Citations309LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (877 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Biochemical Safety Evaluation of Transgenic Rice Seeds Expressing T Cell Epitopes of Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergens (2006)

Food safety assessment; transgenic rice seed; edible vaccine; peptide-based immunotherapy; Japanese cedar pollinosis.
All-optical address recognition scheme for label-swapping networks (2005)

A two-bit all-optical correlator based on cascaded logic XOR gates is demonstrated with 10-Gb/s optical labels. Error-free operation with 13-dB extinction-ratio performance is achieved after the second stage by adjusting the label signal input power. The signal degradation at the device output is mainly caused by the accumulated amplified spontaneous emission noise from each active Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The experimental results show the feasibility of this architecture to perform address-recognition functionalities in photonic routers.