gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of inhibitors of histone deacetylase on the induction of cell differentiation in murine and human erythroleukemia cell lines (2005)

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a novel class of promising anti-cancer agents. Little information is available on the capacity of structurally different HDAC inhibitors to induce terminal cell differentiation in different cell types in relation to enzyme inhibition and subtype selectivity. Consequently, the aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive comparison of these effects. New biarylalanine inhibitors of HDAC were synthesized and compared to a series of standard inhibitors from different laboratories. Chromatographically purified rat liver and immunoprecipitated FLAG-tagged recombinant human HDACs were used as sources of HDAC activity. Enzyme inhibition was studied using a fluorescent substrate and its conversion was monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography. The ability to induce cell differentiation was compared in murine (Friend DS-19) and human (K562) erythroleukemic cell lines, and was quantified by benzidine staining. Inhibition of cell proliferation was evaluated by cell counting. All HDAC inhibitors were identified as potent inhibitors of erythroleukemic cell proliferation. However, we observed a complex pattern of differentiation induction: structurally similar inhibitors resulted in disparate activity profiles, whereas similar profiles were detected within distinct structural classes. Among the newly synthesized biarylalanine compounds, a 3'-methoxy derivative was identified as a very effective inducer of terminal cell differentiation. We conclude that investigation of subtype selectivity of selected HDAC inhibitors does not provide a clear link between selectivity and the observed cellular activity profile. The predictive value of in vitro HDAC inhibition assays for identifying anti-proliferative compounds has been emphasized.
Regulated membrane remodeling by Mic60 controls formation of mitochondrial crista junctions (2017)

The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) is crucial for the formation of crista junctions and mitochondrial inner membrane architecture. MICOS contains two core components. Mic10 shows membrane-bending activity, whereas Mic60 (mitofilin) forms contact sites between inner and outer membranes. Here we report that Mic60 deforms liposomes into thin membrane tubules and thus displays membrane-shaping activity. We identify a membrane-binding site in the soluble intermembrane space-exposed part of Mic60. This membrane-binding site is formed by a predicted amphipathic helix between the conserved coiled-coil and mitofilin domains. The mitofilin domain negatively regulates the membrane-shaping activity of Mic60. Binding of Mic19 to the mitofilin domain modulates this activity. Membrane binding and shaping by the conserved Mic60-Mic19 complex is crucial for crista junction formation, mitochondrial membrane architecture and efficient respiratory activity. Mic60 thus plays a dual role by shaping inner membrane crista junctions and forming contact sites with the outer membrane.
Oxygen-assisted cross-coupling of methanol with alkyl alcohols on metallic gold (2010)

We demonstrate for the first time that selective cross-coupling of methanol with either ethanol or n-butanol occurs below room temperature on metallic gold with no metal oxide support in a reaction sequence that occurs entirely on the surface. The esterification proceeds via activation of the alcohols by adsorbed oxygen and a sequence of reactions that involve both surface-bound alkoxys and hemiacetals as intermediates. The reaction selectivity is dictated by competing β-hydride elimination from the alkoxys. Due to the higher activation energy for β-hydride elimination from methoxy, no formate esters are formed. A molecular-scale mechanism constructed using our results is in excellent agreement with studies of heterogeneous catalysts, providing insight into selectivity control under a broad range of conditions.
A wearable BSN-based ECG-recording system using micromachined electrode for continuous arrhythmia monitoring (2008)

A wearable BSN-based ECG-recording system is proposed for long-term and continuous arrhythmia monitoring. A novel micromachined Pt electrode is specifically designed, fabricated and integrated into a wearable chest band. A miniaturized PCB for ECG analog front-end is fabricated, and can be plugged on the BSN node to wirelessly transmit the signal to a hand-held device. Wavelet denoising is implemented on the hand-held device to further reduce the noise induced by electrode contact. Once a beat is detected, it is characterized by a number of features such as width, amplitude and rhythm pattern, and different types of arrhythmias can then be real-time classified. Once sentinel events such as arrhythmia is detected, the abnormal ECG signal can be sent wirelessly by hand-held device through GPRS to doctors or caregivers for prompt analysis and further treatment.
Simultaneous Tracking of Multiple Ground Targets from a Single Multirotor UAV (2014)

An algorithm for autonomous multirotor tracking of an arbitrary number of ground targets is formulated and evaluated through simulation. The algorithm consists of a particle filter to predict target motion, trajectory generator, and model predictive controller operating over a finite time horizon. Furthermore, a target selection algorithm is included to reject targets that preclude accurate tracking of the main target set. Performance of the guidance algorithm is evaluated through simulation using real-world target data. Simulation results show that targets can be kept within the camera’s field of view when using either a gimbaled or non-gimbaled camera, but performance may be substantially degraded in the non-gimbaled case when target dynamics occur on time scales similar to tracking vehicle dynamics.
Transient Protection of Organic Azides from Click Reactions with Alkynes by Phosphazide Formation (2018)

A method for protecting organic azides from click reactions with alkynes is reported. Treatment of azides with Amphos affords phosphazides, which are stable under click reaction conditions and are easily converted back to azides by treatment with elemental sulfur. Thus, the method allows for facile modification of azide compounds via site-selective click reactions.
Development of a High-Temperature Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding Testbed for Aerospace Grade Composites (2005)

Abstract : Composite materials are lightweight and strong, providing a winning combination that propels composites to new areas of respect in the manufacturing industry. Manufacturers are attempting to find more applications where composites can be used. For instance, composite materials are being looked at for use as replacements for conventional materials in high-temperature applications. Traditionally, hand lay-up prepreg/autoclave techniques have been used to fabricate polymeric composites for applications that require high-temperature resistance. Yet, high manufacturing costs have limited their usage. In recent years, vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) has proven to be an affordable process for manufacturing large composite structures, when compared to conventional RTM and hand lay-up prepreg/autoclave techniques. Manufacturing high-quality, large composite parts for high temperature applications using VARTM technique will significantly reduce costs due to low cost tooling, flexible part integration and larger part dimension.
Off-line testing of reluctance machines (1999)

Experimental techniques for determining the machine parameters and results demonstrating their performance on an axially-laminated synchronous reluctance motor are presented. A new software implementation of the control algorithm for conducting an instantaneous flux-linkage test is developed. A low frequency AC test allowing better estimation accuracy compared to a standard 50-Hz test is proposed. Effects of stator slotting on the quality of DC torque test estimates are examined.
An in vitro model of hematopoietic stem cell homing demonstrates rapid homing and maintenance of engraftable stem cells (2001)

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homing is believed to rely heavily on adhesion interactions between stem cells and stroma. An in vitro assay was developed for adhesion of engraftable HSCs in bone marrow suspensions to pre-established Dexter-type long-term bone marrow culture stromal layers. The cell numbers in the adherent layer and supernatant were examined, along with the engraftment capability of adherent layer cells to indicate the number of HSCs that homed to in vitro stroma. The cell number in the supernatant declined over the 24-hour period. The number of test cells adhering to the stromal layer increased during the first hour and then fell at 6 and 24 hours. The number of test HSCs adhering to the stromal layer was substantial at 20 minutes, increased during the first hour, and then remained constant at 1, 6, and 24 hours of adhesion. These data indicate that adhesion of engraftable HSCs occurs quickly and increases during the first hour of contact with pre-established stroma, that adhesion plateaus within 1 hour of contact, and that HSCs maintain their engraftment capability for at least 24 hours of stromal adhesion. Long-term engraftment from test cells at more than 1 hour of adhesion represents 70.7% of the predicted engraftment from equivalent numbers of unmanipulated marrow cells, indicating that 2 of 3 test engraftable HSCs adhered. These findings demonstrate the usefulness of this model system for studying stem-stromal adhesion, allowing further dissection of the mechanism of HSC homing and exploration of possible manipulations of the process. (Blood. 2001;98:1012-1018)
Detection of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy carriers by quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis (1992)

We developed a method for the detection of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) carriers. The method is based on the quantitative analysis of the products of standard multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 18 different exons of the dystrophin gene, and is designated "QM-PCR." We detected deletions of one or more exons by standard multiplex PCR in DMD/BMD patients in 14 of 18 families examined (77.7%). The same deletions were readily demonstrated by QM-PCR in nine of 14 mothers (64.3%) and in another six of 22 possible carriers in these families. In five families where deletions were detectable in DMD/BMD patients, the mothers did not exhibit any deletions in their peripheral blood (35.7%). We obtained evidence for germinal mosaicism in at least two of these families and confirmed carrier identification by haplotype analysis using CA repeat polymorphisms at the 5' and 3' ends of the dystrophin gene. Furthermore, analysis of 17 coded DNA samples from normal females and obligatory carriers by QM-PCR showed that this technique could directly identify carriers of deletions in any of 18 different exons of the dystrophin gene. Its application in combination with existing techniques is expected to significantly improve the accuracy of carrier diagnosis in many families, and it may also be applicable to families in which pedigree and polymorphism information is insufficient for carrier diagnosis.
Multiplatform Instantaneous GNSS Ambiguity Resolution for Triple‐ and Quadruple‐Antenna Configurations with Constraints (2009)

Traditionally the relative positioning and attitude determination problem are treated as independent. In this contribution we will investigate the possibilities of using multiantenna (i.e., triple and quadruple) data, not only for attitude determination but also for relative positioning. The methods developed are rigorous and have the additional advantage that they improve ambiguity resolution on the unconstrained baseline(s) and the overall success rate of ambiguity resolution between a number of antennas.
Time course of effects of preloads high in fat or carbohydrate on food intake and hunger ratings in humans (1991)

A high-carbohydrate (CHO) yogurt (81% CHO) and a high-fat yogurt (65% fat), containing similar levels of protein, were given in equal volumes as preloads to 14 normal-weight, nondieting males and 14 normal-weight, nondieting females. The yogurts were formulated to have similar energy densities and sensory properties, so that differences in responses to the preloads would depend on postingestive physiological effects. Three intervals (30, 90, and 180 min) between the preloads and a self-selection meal consisting of a variety of foods were utilized. The self-selection meal was served at the subject's normal lunchtime under all conditions. In the 30-min-delay condition, subjects accurately compensated for the calories in the preloads compared with a no-preload condition, but as the interval increased, compensation was less precise. No significant differences in subsequent food intake were found between the high-CHO and high-fat yogurts at any time interval. Also, there were no differences in ratings of hunger and fullness between the yogurts. The macronutrient composition of the preloads did not affect the types of foods, or macronutrients, consumed at lunch.
IICap ? A New Environment for Eye Tracking Data Analysis (2002)

IICap is an environment for analysing eye tracking data on the Windows platform. Interviews with personnel were conducted to identify problems in the current process of eye tracking data analysis at the University of Lund eye tracking lab. A review of previous research on visualisation of eye tracking data and important eye tracking statistics was conducted. An IICap design proposal with suggested functionality that solves a majority of the problems found is presented.
Hemoglobin degradation in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum: an ordered process in a unique organelle. (1990)

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum uses host erythrocyte hemoglobin as a major nutrient source. We report the purification of P. falciparum digestive vacuoles and characterization of the degradative process therein. Vacuoles were isolated by a combination of differential centrifugation and density gradient separation. The pure vacuoles were capable of degrading hemoglobin to small fragments with a pH optimum of 5-5.5. Proteolysis in the vacuoles appears to be an ordered process, requiring an aspartic protease to clip intact hemoglobin before other proteolytic activities can function efficiently. The vacuoles do not contain other hydrolases commonly found in lysosomes and therefore appear to be unique proteolytic organelles designed specifically to degrade hemoglobin.
BACE1 mRNA Expression in Alzheimer's Disease Postmortem Brain Tissue (2011)

β-site AβPP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) catalyses the rate-limiting step for production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, involved in the pathological cascade underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated BACE1 protein levels and activity have been reported in AD postmortem brains. Our study explored whether this was due to elevated BACE1 mRNA expression. RNA was prepared from five brain regions in three study groups: controls, individuals with AD, and another neurodegenerative disease group affected by either Parkinson's disease (PD) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). BACE1 mRNA levels were measured using quantitative realtime PCR (qPCR) and analyzed by qbasePLUS using validated stably-expressed reference genes. Expression of glial and neuronal markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), respectively) were also analyzed to quantify the changing activities of these cell populations in the tissue. BACE1 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in medial temporal and superior parietal gyri, compared to the PD/DLB and/or control groups. Superior frontal gryus BACE1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the PD/DLB group, compared to AD and control groups. For the AD group, BACE1 mRNA changes were analyzed in the context of the reduced NSE mRNA, and strongly increased GFAP mRNA levels apparent as AD progressed (indicated by Braak stage). This analysis suggested that increased BACE1 mRNA expression in remaining neuronal cells may contribute to the increased BACE1 protein levels and activity found in brain regions affected by AD.
Six-Degree-of-Freedom Digital Simulations for Missile Guidance, Navigation, and Control (2010)

This article presents a brief history of missile simulations and a discussion of the programming languages and paradigms used for developing them. Evolving language and programming paradigms elicit requirements for new simulation architectures. Within this execution framework, engineering-level guidance, navigation, and control simulations must include certain functional modules to capture the performance characteristics of the missile system. The level of model sophistication required depends on the particular engineering question to be answered. Six-degree-of-freedom simulations are effective tools for cost and risk reduction during the development and deployment of missile systems.
General Motors 200-THM Transmission (1976)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new light weight three-speed automatic transmission is being produced by General Motors Corporation. The unique features of this transmission are wide ratio gearing, a new mechanical throttle pressure system that protects against damage due to a disconnected operating cable, a new simple and more reliable governor mechanism, and a drive train in which all parts except the gears and shafts are made from sheet metal stampings joined together by welding.</div>
Dolomite Dikes in the Texas Permian (1934)

This paper describes two dolomite dikes in the Clear Fork formation near Truscott, Tex.
The Selective Protein Kinase C Inhibitor, Ro-31-8220, Inhibits Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) Expression, Induces c-Jun Expression, and Activates Jun N-terminal Kinase (1996)

The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in inflammation, mitogenesis, and differentiation has been deduced in part through the use of a variety of PKC inhibitors. Two widely used inhibitors are the structurally related compounds GF109203X and Ro-31-8220, both of which potently inhibit PKC activity and are believed to be highly selective. While using GF109203X and Ro-31-8220 to address the role of PKC in immediate early gene expression, we observed striking differential effects by each of these two compounds. Growth factors induce the expression of the immediate early gene products MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), c-Fos and c-Jun. Ro-31-8220 inhibits growth factor-stimulated expression of MKP-1 and c-Fos but strongly stimulated c-Jun expression, even in the absence of growth factors. GF109203X displays none of these properties. These data suggest that Ro-31-8220 may have other pharmacological actions in addition to PKC inhibition. Indeed, Ro-31-8220 strongly stimulates the stress-activated protein kinase, JNK1. Furthermore, Ro-31-8220 apparently activates JNK in a PKC-independent manner. Neither the down-regulation of PKC by phorbol esters nor the inhibition of PKC by GF109203X affected the ability of Ro-31-8220 to activate JNK1. These data suggest that, in addition to potently inhibiting PKC, Ro-31-8220 exhibits novel pharmacological properties which are independent of its ability to inhibit PKC.
Autotagger: A Model for Predicting Social Tags from Acoustic Features on Large Music Databases (2008)

Abstract Social tags are user-generated keywords associated with some resource on the Web. In the case of music, social tags have become an important component of “Web 2.0” recommender systems, allowing users to generate playlists based on use-dependent terms such as chill or jogging that have been applied to particular songs. In this paper, we propose a method for predicting these social tags directly from MP3 files. Using a set of 360 classifiers trained using the online ensemble learning algorithm FilterBoost, we map audio features onto social tags collected from the Web. The resulting automatic tags (or autotags) furnish information about music that is otherwise untagged or poorly tagged, allowing for insertion of previously unheard music into a social recommender. This avoids the “cold-start problem” common in such systems. Autotags can also be used to smooth the tag space from which similarities and recommendations are made by providing a set of comparable baseline tags for all tracks in a recommender system. Because the words we learn are the same as those used by people who label their music collections, it is easy to integrate our predictions into existing similarity and prediction methods based on web data.
Rapid staining of proteins in ultrathin‐layer isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels (1982)

Abstract A method for protein staining after isoelectric focusing (IEF) in polyacrylamide gel is described in which the total time for fixation, staining and complete gel background destaining is reduced to 3–5 min. This is achieved by (i) staining dry gels on silanized supports instead of hydrated gels, (ii) reducing gel thickness to 50 μm, (iii) using Servalyt carrier ampholytes with good destaining properties, and (iv) using dyes with low affinity for carrier ampholytes, namely Serva Violet 17 or 49, facilitating destaining of gel background. The sensitivity of staining is 100–200 ng protein/ mm 2 over a 10 cm separation distance and 20–30 ng protein/ mm 2 over 3 cm gels (miniature focusing). Addition of 5–20 % methyl acetate to the staining or destaining solution reduces the sensitivity of staining significantly. Most effective fixation of proteins in 50 μm gels is achieved with 20% trichloroacetic acid. In solutions of alcohol and acetic acid, appreciable amounts of proteins are leached after incubation for 5–20 min. Paraformaldehyde, malondialdehyde or glutaraldehyde (5–10 %) exhibit no fixative effect on proteins in 50 μm gels when used directly or after precipitation of the proteins with trichloroacetic acid. The selective leaching of proteins under a variety of experimental conditions shows that adequate fixation is particularly important in work with basic, low molecular weight and/or hydrophobic proteins.
The extracellular matrix of pulmonary scar carcinomas is suggestive of a desmoplastic origin. (1986)

Pulmonary scar carcinomas and noncarcinomatous apical scars were subjected to collagen extraction, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical studies designed to investigate the nature of their extracellular matrix. These studies revealed marked differences in both cellular and biochemical composition of scar carcinomas, compared with apical scars. Myofibroblasts, identified by antimyosin antibodies and confirmed by electron microscopy, constituted over 90% of the stromal cells of the scar carcinomas, compared with 0-10% in the apical scars. Collagen extraction studies revealed both an absolute and relative increase in Type V collagen in the scar carcinomas, compared with that found in the apical scars. The extracellular matrix of the pulmonary scar carcinomas was, however, identical to that of scirrhous carcinomas of the breast. These findings suggest that pulmonary scar carcinomas are probably desmoplastic carcinomas, rather than scar-arising tumors.
IS PHILOSOPHY A FORM OF LITERATURE? (1974)

IS PHILOSOPHY A FORM OF LITERATURE?* William Charlton William Charlton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar * This paper was read at a meeting of The British Society of Aesthetics in June, 1973. Author Notes The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 14, Issue 1, WINTER 1974, Pages 3–16, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjaesthetics/14.1.3 Published: 01 January 1974