gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tensile bond strength of brackets after antioxidant treatment on bleached teeth (2005)

Various studies have reported a significant reduction in tensile bond strength of brackets when bonding is carried out immediately after bleaching. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of an antioxidant agent on the tensile bond strength values of metal brackets bonded with composite resin to human enamel after bleaching with carbamide peroxide (CP). A total of 80 extracted premolar teeth were randomly divided into three bleaching groups of 10 per cent CP and an unbleached control group. The specimens in group 1 were bonded immediately after bleaching; group 2 were stored in an artificial saliva solution for 7 days after bleaching; group 3 were treated with 10 per cent sodium ascorbate, immediately before bonding, whereas the unbleached specimens in group 4 had no treatment before bonding. Tensile bond strengths were established in MPa. To evaluate the amount of resin left on the enamel surfaces after debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were used. The tensile bond strength data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise comparisons were made by the Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of P < 0.05. The brackets bonded immediately after bleaching revealed significantly lower tensile bond strengths than those of unbleached enamel (P = 0.000). No statistically significant differences in tensile bond strength were noted when the delayed-bonding (P = 6.000) and antioxidant-treated (P = 0.2757) groups were compared with the control group. The antioxidant treatment immediately after bleaching was effective in reversing the tensile bond strength of brackets.
Is the living dynamics able to change the properties of water? (2010)

Water is the main component of living matter and is also the main responsible of its self-organizing capabilities. The interaction between water and biomolecules changes in turn the internal structure of water, so that living water has different physical properties than normal water. In the present paper experimental corroboration of this property is provided. Vegetal leaves are triturated and suspended in water; the irritation produced by the cutting induces an intense electromagnetic activity that transforms the structure of water, giving rise to the imprinting of the particular biological process that has occurred. Experimental evidence of the changes of thermodynamic properties of the imprinted water is presented. This property of water could play a role in ecosystem organization.
<b>Short Communication</b> : Immunogenicity of DNA Vaccines Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoprotein with and without Deletions in the V1/2 and V3 Regions (1998)

DNA vaccines that express the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HXB-2 envelope glycoprotein (Env) with or without deletions of the major variable regions V1/V2 and V3 were tested for the ability to raise enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralizing antibody in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. Three forms of the Envs were examined: gp120, the surface (SU) receptor-binding domain; gp140, the entire extracellular domain of Env; and gp160, the complete form of Env. For the forms of Env containing the variable regions, the gp120-expressing DNA plasmid was more immunogenic than the gp140- or gp160-expressing DNA plasmids. Removing the V1/2 and V3 variable regions increased the immunogenicity of the gp140- and gp160-expressing DNAs. Deletion of the variable regions also resulted in antibody responses against determinants that were not presented by the forms of Env containing the variable regions. Despite the improved immunogenicity, removing the V1/V2 and V3 domains did not improve the ability of Env to raise neutralizing antibodies. These results suggest that increasing the exposure of internal structures of Env that include the CD4-binding site does not necessarily result in the generation of better neutralizing antibody.
Clinical evaluation of diamine silver fluoride/potassium iodide as a dentine desensitizing agent. A pilot study (2012)

It was concluded that an experimental diamine silver fluoride/potassium iodide product has potential as a treatment for dentine hypersensitivity.
Precursors of Urinary Pregnanediol and Their Influence on the Determination of the Secretory Rate of Progesterone (1964)

In an attempt to measure the secretory rate of pregnenolone and progesterone, 3H-labeled pregnenolone and 14C-labeled progesterone were administered intravenously to various normal individuals. The results indicate that pregnenolone (and/or possibly pregnenolone sulfate) is secreted in significant amounts and that this compound may contribute in a quantitatively important manner to the urinary level of pregnanediol. As a consequence of this contribution, the secretory rate of progesterone cannot be estimated from the specific activity of urinary pregnanediol following administration of labeled progesterone alone. Moreover, the results also demonstrate that, even if both labeled progesterone and pregnenolone are injected, the secretory rate of neither progesterone nor pregnenolone can be determined.
Amblyopia Update: Diagnosis and Therapy (1984)

amblyopiastrabismic amblyopiaanisometropic amblyopiadeprivation amblyopiameridional amblyopiaorganic amblyopianeutral density filter test
Politics, Grandfathers and Fish (1980)

LOYD ST. CL AI R was dead of cancer before Richard Nixon had much more than unpacked from his first vice-presidential campaign, but already he had taught me that in this life only three things are worth arguing about: land, religion, and politics. Land, not only because he was an occasional farmer, but also because it was what the other two were all about. Without land, how could you know enough about living and dying to talk about religion? And politics was what people used to squeeze you off the land. So politics became a sort of holy war between us and them. Since he was one of a handful of Democrats in a Republican county, "us" meant the family and "them" referred to the host of Republicans who lived around him. He had enforced that vision on the surrounding countryside, according to neighbors, by piling brush on his highest hill from 1928 until word came in 1932 of Hoover's defeat, and then, around a fire that could be seen for twenty miles, by whooping and shouting until he lost his voice. Now family integrity requires me to make clear that neither Grandpa St. Clair nor my father's father, Grandpa Guy, were really farmers, at least not the kind you see in The New York Times presenting prize bulls to Nikita Khrushchev or Ronald Reagan. Grandpa St. Clair tried a dozen trades in turn?everything from bridge building to wiring?and even went to California once, but each time the novelty wore off and he came back to the farm and waited for some other diversion to be invented. Usually this meant that the farm didn't show much profit, and once he had to buy it back when it was auctioned off at the court house steps for unpaid taxes. Grandpa Guy, during most of my childhood, was a carpenter and returned to his farm only to hunt rabbits and quail. Then, in his fifties and working on the Muscatine Bridge, he fell down an open caisson and broke his back. When his lawyer sold him out to the insurance company, Guy went home to his farm and, corseted up in elastic and stays, worked the land. Neither grandfather ever showed any interest in owning anyone else's land, and neither seemed to understand that the point of a farm is to raise things to sell. Guy, at eighty, still thinks a good spring is one when nothing interferes with the quail hatch. They were anachronisms who did not know that the end of land is the accumulation of capital; they thought 140 acres a farm, not a country estate, and the notion of "idle acreage" always seemed to them a contradiction in terms. In short, they were not farmers, at least not in the modern sense, and since
High <i>Trans</i> Kinetic Selectivity in Ruthenium-Based Olefin Cross-Metathesis through Stereoretention (2016)

The first kinetically controlled, highly trans-selective (>98%) olefin cross-metathesis reaction is demonstrated using Ru-based catalysts. Reactions with either trans or cis olefins afford products with highly trans or cis stereochemistry, respectively. This E-selective olefin cross-metathesis is shown to occur between two trans olefins and between a trans olefin and a terminal olefin. Additionally, new stereoretentive catalysts have been synthesized for improved reactivity.
Brain source localization using SEEG recordings (2017)

The surface EEG makes it possible to study the brain activity with a high temporal resolution, however it suffers from the severe attenuation of the electrical propagation through the skull bone as well as the addition of external artifacts. As an alternative, we would like to exploit the Stereo-EEG (SEEG) recordings, consisting in shaft electrodes implanted in the brain volume in the direct vicinity of the brain generators. These data benefit from a high signal to noise ratio compared to this observed in surface EEG. We propose in this thesis a feasibility study of source imaging from the SEEG, based on an equivalent current dipole inversion method associated with an analytical One-Sphere propagation model, able to bring localization precision of the order of a few millimeters. Using a typical clinical electrode implantation, we evaluate the localization performance when different subsets of sensors are considered. In the presence of realistic noise, we observe that the addition of distant sensors with respect to the source can lead to a degradation of the localization accuracy. These conclusions lead us to propose a local sensor selection approach in order to optimize the reliability of the results. The strengths and weaknesses of this approach are analyzed on a realistic simulation framework, for a relevant exploration of the different parameters impacting on the quality of the SEEG source imaging. The approaches are applied on SEEG recordings collected at the CHRU of Nancy to evaluate their performance when facing real measurements
Evaluation of the anti-ulcerogenic activity of a dry extract of Maytenus ilicifolia Martius ex. Reiss produced by a jet spouted bed dryer. (2003)

We undertook the present study to evaluate the activity of the dried extract of Maytenus ilicifolia against stomach ulcers and in the increase of the volume and pH of the gastric juice of Wistar rats, as a model to evaluate the viability of the Jet Spouted Bed Dryer for the production of dry-extracts of medicinal Brazilian plants. The extract was obtained from the drying of a hydro-alcoholic extract with drying aid (40% of colloidal SiO2 related to solid content in the concentrated extract, at a concentration of 15.82% in water). The drying conditions employed were: Temperature of the spouting gas 150 degrees C, feed flow-rate of hydro-alcoholic extract 16.0 g/min, feed flow rate of the spouting gas 1.67 m3/min and static bed height 7.0 cm. Wistar rats received three different doses (140, 280 and 420 mg/kg) of the dried extract by intraperitoneal way and, after 60 minutes, were immobilized with wire screen and placed at temperature of 4 degrees C for two hours (cold-restraint stress). The animals were sacrificed and the stomach removed, examined and the volume and pH of the gastric secretion determined. A significant reduction in the ulceration index, was observed as well as a significant increase of the volume and of the pH of the gastric secretion for all doses administered. This is an indication that the preparation of dried extracts by the Jet spouted bed technique does not alter the biological activity of Maytenus ilicifolia.
Determination of the Molecular Electrical Properties of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Compounds of Interest in Molecular Electronics (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDetermination of the Molecular Electrical Properties of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Compounds of Interest in Molecular ElectronicsFu-Ren F. Fan, Jiping Yang, Shawn M. Dirk, David W. Price, Dimitry Kosynkin, James M. Tour, and Allen J. BardView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 Department of Chemistry, Rice University Houston, Texas 77005 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 10, 2454–2455Publication Date (Web):February 17, 2001Publication History Received22 November 2000Published online17 February 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005819rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005819rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views694Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Gold,Molecular structure,Molecules,Probes,Supramolecular chemistry Get e-Alerts
Substrates of Energy Metabolism of the Pituitary and Pineal Glands (1983)

The capability of the neurohypophysis, the adenohypophysis, and the pineal gland to oxidize nonesterified fatty acids and glucose as energy sources was studied in vivo. Fed and 48-h-starved rats had catheters placed in their femoral vessels. After they became conscious, an intravenous injection of one of the following was given: [1-14C]acetate, [1-14C]octanoate, [1-14C]-palmitate, or [2-14C]glucose. After 5 min the rats were sacrificed. These metabolites produce [14C]acetyl-CoA within the mitochondria when they are oxidized as metabolic fuels. On passage through the Krebs cycle a considerable portion of the 14C is trapped in large amino acid pools closely associated with the Krebs cycle; the appearance of 14C in these amino acids was taken as evidence of oxidation. As expected, brain structures behind the blood-brain barrier (cerebral cortex and caudate) showed considerable labeling of Krebs cycle-associated amino acids in both nutritional states when [2-14C]glucose was the substrate. Surprisingly, however, no label was detected in amino acids of the neurohypophysis or the pineal gland in starved rats and very little in fed rats. On the other hand, 14C from acetate and palmitate was extensively incorporated into amino acids of the pineal gland and the neurohypophysis, while little 14C labeling was found in the cerebral cortex and the caudate. Octanoate, which passes the blood-brain barrier readily, labeled amino acids of all tissues. The experiments demonstrated conclusively that the neural structures studied, which have no blood-brain barrier, do not rely heavily upon glucose as a fuel for oxidative energy metabolism, in contrast to the rest of the brain. The results also showed that nonesterified fatty acids may supply at least some of their energy requirements.
Ex vivo fucosylation of third-party human regulatory T cells enhances anti–graft-versus-host disease potency in vivo (2014)

Adoptive therapy with regulatory T cells (Tregs) to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) would benefit from a strategy to improve homing to the sites of inflammation. We hypothesized that adding fucose to human Tregs, forming the Sialyl Lewis X moiety on P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, would improve their trafficking pattern. The selectin pathway recruiter, α-1,3-fucosyltransferase-VI enzyme, significantly increased Treg surface fucosylation (66% vs 8%). In a xenogenic GVHD mouse model, fucosylated Tregs showed prolonged periods of in vivo persistence. When given at a lower dose compared with the untreated Tregs, the murine recipients of fucosylated Tregs maintained weight, had ameliorated clinical GVHD, and improved survival (70% vs 30%; P < .0001). These preclinical data indicate that fucosylated human Tregs is an effective strategy for prevention of GVHD and, as such, warrants consideration for future clinical trials.
A Japanese speech synthesizer based on production rules (1988)

A Japanese speech synthesizer by rule, which uses phonemes as synthesis units and generates all acoustic parameters based on production rules, has been developed. The conversion from the input romaji string in Hepburn style to the synthetic speech waveform consists of (1) the generation of the phoneme/boundary string with the distinctive feature matrix based on 156 feature rules, (2) the conversion to sequences of the acoustic parameters based on 472 parameter rules, and (3) the generation of the speech waveform using a Klatt-type formant synthesizer. The first two processes are written in C language and implemented by a microprocessor (M 68000) and the last one is implemented by a digital signal processor (TI TMS32010). Both male and female voices can be synthesized with three different accent levels at seven different speech rates in real time. Nine kinds of subjective evaluation, which include tests for intelligibility, naturalness, and other nonlinguistic factors, were proposed and applied to the speech generated with the above-mentioned speech synthesizer. According to the results, 87.8% of the morae of the male voice and 81.6% of the morae of the female voice were identified correctly by three male subjects and two female subjects.
Automatic creation of sequential control schemes in polynomial time (2002)

Of all hard- and software developed for industrial control purposes, the majority is devoted to sequential, or binary valued, control and only a minor part to classical linear control. The sequential parts of the controller are typically invoked during startup or shut-down phases to bring the system either into its normal operating region or into some safe standby region. Despite its importance, fairly little theoretical research has been devoted to this area, and sequential control programs are still created manually without much support for a systematic approach. We propose a method to create sequential control programs automatically and online upon request, for example when a plant fault has occurred. The main idea is to spend some effort off-line on modeling the process, and from this model generate the control strategy, i.e. the plan. Here we present a planning tool implemented in a real-time expert system called G2. The planning system contains algorithms for creating plans in form of minimal GRAFCET charts that show maximal parallelism. The algorithms can handle a restricted class of problems and for this class the complexity only increases polynomially with the number of state variables.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Properties of human asialo-factor VIII. A ristocetin-independent platelet-aggregating agent. (1981)

Human Factor VIII desialylated by treatment with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (ASVIII) aggregated human platelets in the absence of ristocetin in platelet-rich plasma and, to a lesser extent, in washed platelet suspensions. Aggregation is accompanied by thromboxane formation and is completely inhibited by EDTA. Aspirin blocks the second phase of aggregation and abolishes thromboxane production. Subaggregating doses of ASVIII and of either ADP, epinephrine, or collagen produce prompt and complete platelet aggregation. Bernard-Soulier syndrome platelets either did not aggregate with ASVIII (Two cases) or showed markedly decreased aggregation (one cases). Factor VIII complex was prepared from the plasma of two patients with variant von Willebrand's disease (sialic acid content 142 and 75 nmol/mg, respectively); neither protein generated platelet-aggregating activity upon desialylation. [3H]ASVIII binds rapidly to platelets and 37 degrees C, while tritiated, fully sialylated factor VIII binds to a negligible extent. As little as 1--2 micrograms ASVIII bound/10(9) platelets is capable of inducing platelet aggregation. ASVIII may be a useful tool for investigating platelet-Factor VIII interactions in the absence of ristocetin. Furthermore, desialylated Factor VIII might play a physiologic role in Factor VIII-mediated platelet reactions in vivo.
Physiological Mechanisms of Regulating Alloimmunity: Cytokines, CTLA-4, CD25+ Cells, and the Alloreactive T Cell Clone Size (2002)

The mechanisms underlying physiological regulation of alloimmune responses remain poorly defined. We investigated the roles of cytokines, CTLA-4, CD25(+) T cells, and apoptosis in regulating alloimmune responses in vivo. Two murine cardiac transplant models were used, B10.D2 (minor mismatch) and C57BL/6 (major mismatch), into BALB/c recipients. Recipients were wild type, STAT4(-/-) (Th1 deficient), or STAT6(-/-) (Th2 deficient) mice. Minor mismatched allografts were accepted spontaneously in approximately 70% of wild type and STAT4(-/-) mice. By contrast, there was significantly shorter graft survival in minor mismatched STAT6(-/-) mice. Either the adoptive transfer of STAT4(-/-) splenocytes or the administration of IL-4Fc fusion protein into STAT6(-/-) mice resulted in long term graft survival. Blocking CTLA-4 signaling accelerated the rejection in all recipients, but was more pronounced in the minor combination. This was accompanied by an increased frequency of alloreactive T cells. Furthermore, CTLA-4 blockade regulated CD4(+) or CD8(+) as well as Th1 or Th2 alloreactive T cells. Finally, while anti-CD25 treatment prolonged graft survival in the major mismatched combination, the same treatment accelerated graft rejection in the minor mismatched group. The latter was associated with an increased frequency of alloreactive T cells and inhibition of T cell apoptosis. These data demonstrate that cytokine regulation, CTLA-4 negative signaling, and T cell apoptosis play critical roles in regulating alloimmunity, especially under conditions where the alloreactive T cell clone size is relatively small.