gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integration of Patient Safety Technologies Into Sclerotherapy for Varicose Veins (2008)

The American College of Surgeons, the Joint Commission, the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act, and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration all direct surgical departments, including vascular surgeons who supply sclerotherapy services, to develop formal mechanisms to improve the safety of the patient and health care worker (HCW), including integration of new safety technologies. The purpose of the present study was to identify and evaluate new safety technologies for outpatient sclerotherapy for chronic venous disease. Using national resources for patient safety and literature review, the following safety technologies were identified: (1) a safety needle to reduce inadvertent needlesticks to workers, and (2) the reciprocating procedure device (RPD) to reduce iatrogenic injuries to patients. Both devices were evaluated in the clinic, and physician responses were determined. Although the safety sheath of the needle was somewhat bulky and could interfere with the ultrasound transducer, sclerotherapy could be performed with it. The RPD safety device required instruction to show how the RPD functioned ("push-push" to aspirate-inject with the RPD rather than the usual "push-pull" with the conventional syringe), but the RPD permitted better needle control and more precise injections. The RPD was well accepted by physicians who found it to be convenient, safer, and less painful. Subsequently, the involved services successfully integrated these safety technologies into their routine clinical practices. As recommended by the Joint Commission, safety technologies can be successfully evaluated and introduced into the clinic to improve patient and HCW safety during physician-performed syringe and needle procedures, including sclerotherapy.
Chemistry of soil minerals. Part VIII. Synthesis and properties of fluorhectorites (1970)

An investigation has been made of synthesis conditions leading to water-swelling lithium fluorhectorites. Other phases which appeared, the yields of which had to be minimised, were α-quartz, lithium metasilicate, and fluoramphibole. When made by sintering reactions at 800° the fluorhectorites had exchange capacities of ca. 90 mequiv. per 100 g.; if prepared at 850° with lithium fluoride melts as flux this capacity was ca. 150 mequiv. per 100 g. The water-swelling phases did not lose their ability to swell even after heating to 800°; at higher temperatures there was significant defluorination of the structure.Na-, K-, Rb-, Cs-, Ca-, Sr-, and Ba-exchanged forms were prepared from the Li-fluorhectorites, and water isotherms, and swelling were measured on all forms. K-, Rb-, and Cs-modifications were essentially anhydrous; the other forms intercalated water in successive layers, the isotherms showing steps for the first and second layers. Third layers were observed only from the X-ray basal spacings of the wetted water-swelling forms. One- and two-layer complexes gave rational higher orders of the basal X-ray reflections, but not the three-layer complexes. One- and two-layer complexes corresponded with 4 or 8 water molecules per unit cell.Swelling of the exchanged forms in glycol also occurred to give two layer complexes with Li-, Na-, Ca-, Sr-, and Ba- but not with K-, Rb-, and Cs-exchanged forms. Very clear higher orders of the basal reflection were obtained.
Optimizing the Poly Ethylene Oxide Flocculation Process for Isolating Lignin of Prehydrolysis Liquor of a Kraft-Based Dissolving Pulp Production Process (2012)

In this work, poly ethylene oxide (PEO) with various molecular weights (MW)s was employed to separate the lignin of prehydrolysis liquor (PHL) of a kraft-based dissolving pulp process. The results revealed that, the higher the MW and concentration of PEO in the PHL at pH 2, the higher are the removals of lignin and chemical oxygen demand (COD) but with a marginal removal of sugars. Alternatively, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) (200 mg/L) and PEO (8 MDa MW) (200 mg/L) were employed in a dual polymer system to extract the lignin, and the PAC/PEO system (MWs of 2 kDa/8 MDa) was more effective than the PEO/PEO system (MWs of 0.1 MDa/8 MDa) in removing lignin and COD of PHL. The maximum lignin, sugar, and COD removals were 46%, 18.8%, and 32%, respectively, under the conditions of 400 mg/g PEO (with a MW of 8 MDa) at pH 2 and room temperature in a singular PEO system.
Enhancement-Mode AlN/GaN HFETs Using Cat-CVD SiN (2007)

High-performance enhancement-mode (E-mode) AIN (2.5 nm)/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) were fabricated with a novel method using SiN passivation by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD). We found that the formation of a 2-D electron gas (2DEG) in the AIN/GaN heterostructure can be controlled by the presence of the Cat-CVD SiN on the barrier layer. Before SiN deposition, the 2DEG at the AIN/GaN heterointerface was completely depleted because of the extremely thin barrier layer. On the other hand, after SiN deposition, the decrease in AIN surface barrier height induced a high-density 2DEG. The E-mode HFETs with gate lengths of 100-180 nm and threshold voltages from +0.14 to +0.55 V showed a maximum drain-current density of 0.70-0.92 A/mm and a maximum extrinsic transconductance of 362-400 mS/mm. A current-gain cutoff frequency of 87 GHz and maximum oscillation frequency of 149 GHz were obtained for the 100-nm-gate devices.
Autonomous camera control system for surgical robots (2010)

One of the most common forms of Robotic Surgery today is tele-operation. Robots are proving to be helpful for the surgeons in performing minimally invasive surgery. They provide motion scaling and tremor filtration and hence can be more accurate than a surgeon performing laparoscopic surgery. One of the drawbacks in robotic surgery is the limited view from the laparoscopic camera. With the current systems, it is possible that the tools go out of the camera's view and hence and hence risk injury to the surrounding organs without the surgeon's knowledge. Knowing where the tools and camera are, and autonomously adjusting the position of the camera so that the tools are always visible can possibly help avoid injury. The aim of this research is to develop an autonomous camera control system which can adjust the position of the camera so that the operating tools are never out of view.
Rapid accumulation and internalization of radiolabeled herceptin in an inflammatory breast cancer xenograft with vasculogenic mimicry predicted by the contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI with the macromolecular contrast agent G6-(1B4M-Gd)(256). (2002)

The rapid blood flow and perfusion of macromolecules in the inflammatory breast cancer xenograft (WIBC-9), which exhibits a "vasculogenic mimicry" type of angiogenesis without the participation of endothelial cells and expresses high levels of the HER-2/neu antigen, was evaluated in mice using 3D-micro-MR angiography using a novel macromolecular MR contrast agent [G6-(1B4M-Gd)(256)]. Herceptin, which recognizes the HER-2/neu antigen and has similar size (10 nm) to G6-(1B4M-Gd)(256), accumulated and internalized in the WIBC-9 tumors more quickly than in the control MC-5 tumors that progress with normal angiogenesis. Three dimensional micro-MRI with the G6-(1B4M-Gd)(256) macromolecular MRI contrast agent distinguishes between the different types of angiogenesis and is predictive of the rapid accumulation and internalization of Herceptin in the WIBC-9 inflammatory breast cancer xenograft.
Brefeldin A Inhibits the Processing and Secretion of Envelope Glycoproteins of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (1991)

The processing and secretion of the envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were studied in chronically infected T cells and in primary macrophages treated with an antiviral antibiotic brefeldin A (BFA). BFA blocks the egress of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and has a profound effect on the structure of cis/medial Golgi. In MOLT-3 cells infected with the IIIB strain of HIV-1 (MOLT-3/IIIB), BFA inhibited the intracellular processing of gp160. The secretion of envelope proteins from these cells was significantly inhibited in the presence of BFA. The gag proteins, on the other hand, were processed and secreted normally. BFA also inhibited the proteolytic processing of gp160 in primary macrophages infected with HIV-1. The infectivity of virus pelleted from the medium of MOLT-3/IIIB cells treated with BFA was markedly lower than that obtained from untreated cells. These results demonstrate that the proteolytic processing of gp160 in HIV-1-infected cells takes place after the glycoprotein exists the endoplasmic reticulum and that the transport of glycoprotein to the cell surface is required for assembly of complete HIV-1 particles.
Preparation, reactivity, and x-ray structure of a cationic alkoxyzirconocene complex (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation, reactivity, and x-ray structure of a cationic alkoxyzirconocene complexScott Collins, Bryan E. Koene, Ravindranath Ramachandran, and Nicholas J. TaylorCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 7, 2092–2094Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00053a004https://doi.org/10.1021/om00053a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Ser-752-->Pro mutation in the cytoplasmic domain of integrin beta 3 subunit and defective activation of platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3 (glycoprotein IIb-IIIa) in a variant of Glanzmann thrombasthenia. (1992)

Integrins are membrane receptors which mediate cell-cell or cell-matrix adhesion. Integrin alpha IIb beta 3 (glycoprotein IIb-IIIa) acts as a fibrinogen receptor of platelets and mediates platelet aggregation. Platelet activation is required for alpha IIb beta 3 to shift from noncompetent to competent for binding soluble fibrinogen. The steps involved in this transition are poorly understood. We have studied a variant of Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a congenital bleeding disorder characterized by absence of platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding. The patient's platelets did not bind fibrinogen after platelet activation by ADP or thrombin, though his platelets contained alpha IIb beta 3. However, isolated alpha IIb beta 3 was able to bind to an Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser affinity column, and binding of soluble fibrinogen to the patient's platelets could be triggered by modulators of alpha IIb beta 3 conformation such as the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser peptide and alpha-chymotrypsin. These data suggested that a functional Arg-Gly-Asp binding site was present within alpha IIb beta 3 and that the patient's defect was not secondary to a blockade of alpha IIb beta 3 in a noncompetent conformational state. This was evocative of a defect in the coupling between platelet activation and alpha IIb beta 3 up-regulation. We therefore sequenced the cytoplasmic domain of beta 3, following polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on platelet RNA, and found a T-->C mutation at nucleotide 2259, corresponding to a Ser-752-->Pro substitution. This mutation is likely to be responsible for the uncoupling of alpha IIb beta 3 from cellular activation because (i) it is not a polymorphism, (ii) it is the only mutation in the entire alpha IIb beta 3 sequence, and (iii) genetic analysis of the family showed that absence of the Pro-752 beta 3 allele was associated with the normal phenotype. Our data thus identify the C-terminal portion of the cytoplasmic domain of beta 3 as an intrinsic element in the coupling between alpha IIb beta 3 and platelet activation.
A Reevaluation of Worst-Case Postirradiation Response for Hardened MOS Transistors (1987)

The "worst-case" postirradiation response of Sandia hardened n-channel transistors following Co-60 exposure to total dose levels of system interest is demonstrated to occur for zero-volt bias during radiation, and positive bias during a subsequent anneal. This observation is explained in terms of oxide-trapped and interface-state charge buildup and anneal. Additional results are presented which suggest that, for future technologies with very thin gate oxides, worst-case device leakage during irradiation may well occur for zero-volt irradiations. These results highlight the importance of periodically reevaluating the response of MOS devices during and after irradiation to determine worst-case test conditions, particularly as technologies advance and gate insulators become thinner.
Bending Soft Block Copolymer Nanostructures by Lithographically Directed Assembly (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTBending Soft Block Copolymer Nanostructures by Lithographically Directed AssemblyGregg M. Wilmes, David A. Durkee, Nitash P. Balsara, and J. Alexander LiddleView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Sciences and Energy and Environmental Technologies Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: Macromolecules 2006, 39, 7, 2435–2437Publication Date (Web):March 8, 2006Publication History Received11 December 2005Revised14 February 2006Published online8 March 2006Published inissue 1 April 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0526443Copyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views824Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (300 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Copolymers,Hydrocarbons,Organic compounds,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Non-contact C-V measurements of ultra thin dielectrics (2004)

In this paper, we present a non-contact C-V technique for ultra-thin dielectrics on silicon. The technique uses incremental corona charging of dielectric and a measurement of the surface potential with a vibrating capacitive electrode. A differential quasistatic C-V curve is generated using time-resolved measurements. The technique incorporates transconductance corrections that enable corresponding ultra-low electrical oxide thickness (EOT) determination down to the sub-nanometer range. It also provides a means for monitoring the flat band voltage, VFB, the interface trap spectrum, DIT, and the total dielectric charge, QTOT. This technique is seen as a replacement for not only MOS C-V measurements but also for mercury-probe C-V. In addition, EOT measurement by the corona C-V has a major advantage over optical thickness methods because it is not affected by water adsorption and molecular airborne contamination, MAC. These effects have been a problem for optical metrology of ultra-thin dielectrics.
Assessment of Citrullinated Myelin by<sup>1</sup>H-MR Spectroscopy in Early-Onset Multiple Sclerosis (2009)

Citrulline was more frequently identified in the brains of patients with early-onset MS than in healthy subjects by (1)H-MR spectroscopy, suggesting an association of increased citrullination of myelin proteins with demyelinating diseases.
Predictive Control of a Flying Capacitor Converter (2007)

This paper presents a predictive control strategy for single phase flying capacitor converters. The proposed method allows for the regulation of both the output current and the intermediate flying capacitor voltages, achieving transient dynamics that are superior to those in standard pulse width modulation based strategies. By means of an appropriate choice of the associated cost function, the designer is allowed to tradeoff the load current harmonic content, the capacitor voltage balancing and the total number of commutations in a simple fashion. In addition, the strategy permits the enforcement of an arbitrary output voltage spectrum.
Defending against low-rate TCP attacks: dynamic detection and protection (2004)

We consider a distributed approach to detect and to defend against the low-rate TCP attack (A. Kuzmanovic et al., August 2003). The low-rate TCP attack is essentially a periodic short burst which exploits the homogeneity of the minimum retransmission timeout (RTO) of TCP flows and forces all affected TCP flows to back off and enter the retransmission timeout state. This sort of attack is difficult to identify due to a large family of attack patterns. We propose a distributed detection mechanism which uses the dynamic time warping method to robustly and accurately identify the existence of this sort of attack. Once the attack is detected, a fair resource allocation mechanism is used so that (1) the number of affected TCP flows is minimized, and (2) we provide sufficient resource protection for the affected TCP flows. We report experimental results to quantify the robustness and accuracy of the proposed detection mechanism and the efficiency of the defense method.
Live Web: A sensorweb portal for sensing the world in real-time (2011)

A state-of-the-art sensorweb is a global observation system for varied sensory phenomena from the physical world and the cyber world. This paper presents the architecture, design, and application of a sensorweb service portal called the Live Web. This portal has been published on the Internet and is used by researchers, students, and also other communities. This system has been used to represent and monitor real-time physical sensor data and cyber activities from ubiquitous sources. LiveWeb meets its goal of providing an efficient and robust sensor information oriented web service, enabled with real-time data representation and notification. Living in the current world with the immense magnitude of information, it is important to keep different communities updated and informed with their context specific data. There are search engines available in the Internet to find relatively static items, but not to observe the events in real-time. In addition, mostly the sensed data and events have meaning only when accompanied with corresponding geographic information. LiveWeb is an effective and efficient sensorweb service, that tries to fulfill the aforementioned requirements. The LiveWeb system consists of three main components: (a) special features of a PHP web application, (b) a Java background processing program, and (c) a database. It is a robust system and is currently running efficiently under the environment of Ubuntu 6.10, Apache 2.0, PHP 5.0, JAVA 1.60, and MySQL 1.6.
The chronic myeloid leukemia stem cell: stemming the tide of persistence (2017)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is caused by the acquisition of the tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL1 in a hemopoietic stem cell, transforming it into a leukemic stem cell (LSC) that self-renews, proliferates, and differentiates to give rise to a myeloproliferative disease. Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target the kinase activity of BCR-ABL1 have transformed CML from a once-fatal disease to a manageable one for the vast majority of patients, only ∼10% of those who present in chronic phase (CP) can discontinue TKI treatment and maintain a therapy-free remission. Strong evidence now shows that CML LSCs are resistant to the effects of TKIs and persist in all patients on long-term therapy, where they may promote acquired TKI resistance, drive relapse or disease progression, and inevitably represent a bottleneck to cure. Since their discovery in patients almost 2 decades ago, CML LSCs have become a well-recognized exemplar of the cancer stem cell and have been characterized extensively, with the aim of developing new curative therapeutic approaches based on LSC eradication. This review summarizes our current understanding of many of the pathways and mechanisms that promote the survival of the CP CML LSCs and how they can be a source of new gene coding mutations that impact in the clinic. We also review recent preclinical approaches that show promise to eradicate the LSC, and future challenges on the path to cure.
Shock Transmissibility of a Palletized Load Caused by Forklift Truck Handling (2011)

There is an exhaustive amount of research done on vibration transmissibility. However there is a lack of information about shock transmissibility. There currently is no research or studies to prove how shock affects the contents of a unitized pallet load of products, until now. Millions of dollars in damages are pointlessly thrown away each year due to improper forklift handling of products. Similarly, agricultural products are highly susceptible to damages and bruising which leaves the product undesirable to consumers, leading to its eventual disposal. This paper aims to study exactly how agricultural products are damaged when a unitized pallet load is struck, dropped, or similarly mishandled by a mechanical forklift truck. The study utilized state of the art real time data recorders to analyze a variety of standardized shock tests commonly found in distribution test cycles published by ASTM and ISTA. Shock values have been recorded and compared to one another to determine exactly how and where products are being damaged. The study compared the shock dampening potential of full and half-sized pallet configurations. The study determined that the half sized pallet configuration has better potential to dampen mechanical handling in all axes than the full sized configuration. Likewise, the study has also determined that shock travels more in the direction that it was sustained. Lastly, the study has determined that the pallet facing the forklift truck is also considerably more likely to experience damaging levels of acceleration than the side facing away.