gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-optical-efficiency integral imaging display based on gradient-aperture pinhole array (2013)

An integral imaging (II) display is proposed which consists of a display panel and a gradient-aperture pinhole array. The gradient-aperture pinhole array is symmetrical in both horizontal and vertical directions. The leftmost and rightmost pinholes are used to fix the horizontal viewing angle, and the uppermost and nethermost pinholes are used to fix the vertical viewing angle. To increase the optical efficiency, the aperture widths of other pinholes are gradually increased from both sides to the middle in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. A prototype of the proposed II display is developed. Its horizontal viewing angle is equal to that of the conventional one, while its optical efficiency is higher than that of the conventional one.
Knowledge-based prediction of three-dimensional dose distributions for external beam radiotherapy (2015)

The study demonstrates highly accurate knowledge-based 3D dose predictions for radiotherapy plans.
HPV33 DNA in premalignant and malignant breast lesions in Chinese and Japanese populations. (2000)

The relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and breast cancer is controversial. In this study, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks prepared from 72 patients with benign, premalignant or malignant mammary lesions were randomly collected from the Shanghai region of China and Tokushima in Japan. DNA specimens extracted from all tissues were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using HPV16, 18 and 33 primers. Southern blot hybridization showed 19 cases to be positive for HPV33 DNA: The positive rate for HPV33 DNA in Chinese (41.7%) was significantly higher than in Japanese (11.1%) (P < 0.01): The positive rate for HPV33 DNA in invasive ductal carcinoma (34.1%) was higher than in benign or borderline mammary lesions (5%) (P < 0.02). There were no statistically significant difference among the relationship of the nuclear grade of breast cancers with HPV33 DNA-positivity. This is the first report of a positive correlation between HPV33 DNA and breast lesions in Chinese and Japanese populations. These results suggest that the infection by HPV33, but not HPV 16 or HPV 18, may be involved in breast hyperplastic lesions, especially breast cancer, in humans.
<title>Fiber optic temperature sensor for aerospace applications</title> (1991)

A fiber-optic temperature sensor has been developed for aerospace applications on the basis of the time rate of decay (TRD) principle, with a view to an operational temperature range of -60 to 350 C. This TRD system has completed qualification testing and will then undergo flight tests. Attention is presently given to the design and performance of four low temperature sensors that are subelements of the larger sensor system; in order to convert analog signals into over/under temperature indications, simple comparators are implemented in software.
Liquid Crystal Lens with Insulator Layers for Focusing Light Waves of Arbitrary Polarizations (2003)

A two-LC, insulator-layer liquid crystal lens (LCL) is reported. The LCL can focus light waves of arbitrary polarizations and its power changes with applied voltage. The LCL exhibits good optical property. Its use as an image formation lens of variable magnifying power is demonstrated.
Computer-aided continuous drug infusion: setup and test of a mobile closed-loop system for the continuous automated infusion of insulin (2006)

For a diabetes mellitus patient, tight control of glucose level is essential. Results are reported of an investigation of the suitability of existing wearable continuous insulin infusors controlled and adjusted by a control algorithm using continuous glucose measurements as input to perform the functionality of an artificial pancreas. Special attention was given to the development of a continuous glucose monitor and to evaluate which quality of input data is necessary for the control algorithm. In clinical trials, it was found that for patients in a controlled environment an autonomously regulating control algorithm leads to an improved adjustment of patient glucose values and less overall insulin infusion as compared with the best fixed preprogrammed insulin infusion profiles of standard pump therapy. For the limited number of cases studied here, functionality of the control algorithm could tolerate some delay between the actual glucose values in the patient interstitial fluid and the algorithm input of up to 30 min. A quasicontinuous glucose measurement delivering actual glucose values every 5-10 min seems to be suited to control an artificial pancreas.
Determination of Phylloquinone and Menaquinones in Food (2000)

Fluctuations in international normalized ratio values are often ascribed to dietary changes in vitamin K intake. Here we present a database with vitamin K<sub>1</sub> and K<sub>2</sub> contents of a wide variety of food items. K<sub>1</sub> was mainly present in green vegetables and plant margarins, K<sub>2</sub> in meat, liver, butter, egg yolk, natto, cheese and curd cheese. To investigate the effect of the food matrix on vitamin K bioavailability, 6 healthy male volunteers consumed either a detergent-solubilized K<sub>1</sub> (3.5 µmol) or a meal consisting 400 g of spinach (3.5 µmol K<sub>1</sub>) and 200 g of natto (3.1 µmol K<sub>2</sub>). The absorption of pure K<sub>1</sub> was faster than that of food-bound K vitamins (serum peak values at 4 h vs. 6 h after ingestion). Moreover, circulating K<sub>2</sub> concentrations after the consumption of natto were about 10 times higher than those of K<sub>1</sub> after eating spinach. It is concluded that the contribution of K<sub>2</sub> vitamins (menaquinones) to the human vitamin K status is presently underestimated, and that their potential interference with oral anticoagulant treatment needs to be investigated.
Phosphor concentration and geometry for high power white light emitting diode (2009)

The most common method of making white light emitting diode (LED) is to mix the blue light from the LED die and the wavelength converted yellow light from the phosphor layer. The color conversion efficiency depends on the geometry and concentration of the phosphor layer including phosphor material. Thus the optimization of the phosphor geometry and concentration make increase the luminous efficiency of the white LED. In this paper, the remote phosphor scheme is optimized focusing on increasing the luminous efficiency in high power. The phosphor layer is separated by the silicone resin from the LED die. The silicone resin covers the LED die with dome shape to increase the extraction efficiency. The phosphor layer has very large volume with dilute concentration. The separation of phosphor layer from LED die and very large volumetric dilute phosphor layer were great important role in increasing the luminous flux. The improved luminous flux was 15% for 1mm<sup>2</sup> LED die at 700mA.
Mechanical work in terrestrial locomotion: two basic mechanisms for minimizing energy expenditure (1977)

The work done during each step to lift and to reaccelerate (in the forward direction) and center of mass has been measured during locomotion in bipeds (rhea and turkey), quadrupeds (dogs, stump-tailed macaques, and ram), and hoppers (kangaroo and springhare). Walking, in all animals (as in man), involves an alternate transfer between gravitational-potential energy and kinetic energy within each stride (as takes place in a pendulum). This transfer is greatest at intermediate walking speeds and can account for up to 70% of the total energy changes taking place within a stride, leaving only 30% to be supplied by muscles. No kinetic-gravitational energy transfer takes place during running, hopping, and trotting, but energy is conserved by another mechanism: an elastic "bounce" of the body. Galloping animals utilize a combination of these two energy-conserving mechanisms. During running, trotting, hopping, and galloping, 1) the power per unit weight required to maintain the forward speed of the center of mass is almost the same in all the species studied; 2) the power per unit weight required to lift the center of mass is almost independent of speed; and 3) the sum of these two powers is almost a linear function of speed.
An automatic circuit extractor from a photomicrograph of integrated circuits (2002)

Investigates the problem of extracting a circuit from the photomicrograph of integrated circuits. It involves processing of the high resolution gray-level image of an integrated circuit layout captured using a high power optical microscope and a CCD camera. The final output is a Netlist Description of the circuit. The possible applications of the result are in the area of design verification, simulation, fault diagnosis and failure analysis, where a full circuit description in terms of Netlist is required. The circuit description of the layout follows the SPICE circuit simulation format. The approach consists of first processing the image captured to translate the gray-scale image of the layout circuit into Caltech Intermediate Form (CIF) code. These CIF codes are then processed to obtain the Reflist description of the circuits. The results have been very good and are reported in this paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Distribution of intranasal instillations in mice: effects of volume, time, body position, and anesthesia (2002)

Intranasal instillation techniques are used to deliver various substances to the upper and lower respiratory tract (URT and LRT) in mice. Here, we quantify the relative distribution achieved with intranasal delivery of a nonabsorbable tracer, (99m)Tc-labeled sulfide-colloid. Relative distribution was determined by killing mice after instillation and quantifying the radioactivity in dissected tissues using gamma scintigraphy. A significant effect of delivery volume on relative distribution was observed when animals were killed 5 min after instillation delivered under gas anesthesia. With a delivery volume of 5 microl, no radiation was detected in the LRT; this increased to a maximum of 55.7 +/- 2.5% distribution to the LRT when 50 microl were delivered. The majority of radiation not detected in the LRT was found in the URT. Over the course of the following 1 h, radiation in the LRT remained constant, while that in the URT decreased and appeared in the gastrointestinal tract. Instillation of 25 microl into anesthetized mice resulted in 30.1 +/- 6.9% distribution to the LRT, while only 5.3 +/- 1.5% (P < 0.05) of the same volume was detected in the LRT of awake mice. Varying the body position of mice did not affect relative distribution. When using intranasal instillation, the relative distribution between the URT and LRT and the gastrointestinal tract is heavily influenced by delivery volume and level of anesthesia.
97. Synthesis of methyl α-methoxyacrylate and α-methoxyacrylonitrile: characterisation of methoxy-derivatives of propionic acid (1942)

J. W. Baker, J. Chem. Soc., 1942, 520 DOI: 10.1039/JR9420000520
Optimization of conditions to extract high quality DNA for PCR analysis from whole blood using SDS-proteinase K method (2016)

In case of studies associated with human genetics, genomics, and pharmacogenetics the genomic DNA is extracted from the buccal cells, whole blood etc. Several methods are exploited by the researchers to extract DNA from the whole blood. One of these methods, which utilizes cell lysis and proteolytic properties of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and proteinase K respectively, might also be called SDS-PK method. It does not include any hazardous chemicals such as phenol or chloroform and is inexpensive. However, several researchers report the same method with different formulas and conditions. During our experiments with whole blood DNA extraction we experienced problems such as protein contamination, DNA purity and yield when followed some SDS-PK protocols reported elsewhere. A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios along with PCR amplification give a clear idea about the procedure that was followed to extract the DNA. In an effort to increase the DNA purity from human whole blood, we pointed out some steps of the protocol that play a crucial role in determining the extraction of high quality DNA.
Head and Neck Cancer (2019)

This chapter presents the classification, incidence/prevalence, economic impact, etiology and risk factors, and pathology/pathogenesis of head and neck cancer (HNC). HNC consist of a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract. Site-specific cancers are delineated by anatomic boundaries: the oral cavity and lip, pharynx, larynx, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, thyroid and salivary glands. The chapter also includes the potential pitfalls/common errors made regarding diagnosis of disease, diagnostic and treatment algorithms, prevention/management of complications, important scientific studies, evidence-based clinical data, and essential social guidelines for HNC. Choice of therapy in HNC depends on the specific primary site and stage of disease. Initial evaluation of HNC should include a comprehensive head and neck examination, imaging of the primary site and neck, PET/CT, and routine laboratory tests. Treatment planning needs to incorporate a multidisciplinary approach. The incidence of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancers is increasing. Human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancers are associated with a better prognosis.
Mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors. Distinct glycoprotein populations containing high mannose or complex type carbohydrate chains. (1984)

Mammalian beta-adrenergic receptor binding peptides can be visualized by covalently labeling them with the photoaffinity reagent p-azido-m-[125I]iodobenzylcarazolol followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. The receptor peptides migrate as broad bands of Mr approximately equal to 62,000. In the present study, we examined the carbohydrate composition of the mammalian beta receptor through the use of specific exo- and endoglycosidases and lectin affinity chromatography. Treatment of p-azido-m-[125I]iodobenzylcarazolol-labeled beta2-adrenergic receptors from hamster lung or rat erythrocyte with the exoglycosidases neuraminidase and alpha-mannosidase provided evidence for the existence of both high mannose and complex type carbohydrate chains on beta 2-adrenergic receptors. The nonadditivity of the effect of sequential treatments with these enzymes suggested discrete populations of beta-adrenergic receptors containing either complex or high mannose type chains. Deglycosylation of receptor with endoglycosidase F results in a single labeled polypeptide at Mr = 49,000 for both systems. The same two populations of the beta receptors (high mannose or complex type chain) could also be fractionated by lectin affinity chromatography of solubilized p-azido-m-[125I]iodobenzylcarazolol-labeled receptors. The high mannose-containing receptors could be absorbed to and specifically eluted from concanavalin A-agarose. Those containing complex type carbohydrates could be adsorbed to and eluted from wheat germ agglutinin-agarose. Taken together, these data suggest that mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors contain both complex and high mannose type carbohydrate chains and that microheterogeneity of these chains likely explains the broad band pattern typically obtained on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
개별교육 팀 - 모델에 따른 정신지체학생의 인지능력과 운동능력에 관한 연구 (1999)

This is a study to verify learning effects of individualized education program(IEP) team models for cognitive and motor abilities of mental retarded students. For the purpose of this study, an experimental research design was employed using two types of IEP team models such as multidisciplinary team model and transdisciplinary team model. Subjects of this study were 30 mental retarded students including 17 EMR and 13 TMR, who were participated in an extra-curricula programs of H university. The samples were taught 4 kinds of fundamental motion of Kanglueng Tal Chum (Kanglueng Mask Dance) with singing a folk foam(Gakseuli Taleung). Results of this study indicated that the EMR students who were in the group of transdisciplinary team model were dominated in both cognitive and motor ability. On the other hand, the TMR students who were in the group of multidisciplinary model demonstrated higher score in both cognitive and motor ability to compare with the TMR students who were in the group of transdisciplinary team model. Therefore, the transdisciplinary team model was a suitable model for EMR students, while the multidisciplinary team model was evaluated to the better model only for TMR students.
Polarization spatial heterodyne interferometer: model and calibration (2014)

Spatial heterodyne interferometry (SHI) is a technique based on Fourier transform spectroscopy. As such, many of the benefits, such as high spectral resolving power, can be realized. Furthermore, unlike a Fourier transform spectrometer, an SHI is able to minimize the number of required samples for a given resolving power and spectral range. The calibration and detailed modeling of a polarization spatial heterodyne interferometer (PSHI) are detailed. Unlike our original first-order ray tracing model, the new model is based on the Jones matrix formalism. Using this improved model, we explore the nonideal aspects of the PSHI, including interference effects caused by retardance errors in the polarization grating and quarter wave plate. To minimize the influence of these errors, a calibration procedure is described based on a linear operator theory. Finally, the Jones matrix model and calibration procedure are validated through a series of simulations and experiments.
Electronic energy harvesting multi BODIPY-zinc porphyrin dyads accommodating fullerene as photosynthetic composite of antenna-reaction center (2010)

Efficient electronic energy transfer (EET) in the newly synthesized dyads comprised of zinc porphyrin covalently linked to one, two or four numbers of boron dipyrrin (BDP) entities is investigated. Both steady-state and time-resolved emission as well as transient absorption studies revealed occurrence of efficient singlet-singlet energy transfer from BDP to zinc porphyrin with the time scale ranging between 28 and 48 ps. A decrease in time constants for energy transfer with increasing the number of BDP units is observed revealing better antenna effect of dyads bearing higher number of boron dipyrrin entities. Further, supramolecular triads to mimic the 'antenna-reaction center' functionality of photosynthetic reaction center have been successfully constructed by coordinating fulleropyrrolidine appended with an imidazole ligand to the zinc porphyrin. The structural integrity of the supramolecular triads was arrived by optical, computational and electrochemical studies. Free energy calculations revealed possibility of photoinduced electron transfer from singlet excited zinc porphyrin to fullerene, and the preliminary transient absorption studies involving pump-probe technique are supportive of occurrence of electron transfer from (1)ZnP* to fullerene in the supramolecular triads.
A proposal for dynamic power control in RFID and Passive Sensor Systems based on RSSI (2012)

In this paper a proposal for a dynamic power control in RFID and Passive Sensor Systems based on received signal strength (RRSI) is presented. The main goal of these new proposals is the reduction of the power being transmitted by the RFID reader and thus reduction of power consumption and interference between the reader and other neighborhood systems. It is expected that using a protocol based on this scheme the overall system reader and mobile tag's could operate with lower values of power sources.
Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs for neurohypophysial hormones vasotocin and mesotocin for the hypothalamus of toad, Bufo japonicus. (1987)

The primary structures of the precursors of neurohypophysial hormones vasotocin (VT) and mesotocin (MT) in the hypothalamus of the toad Bufo japonicus were determined by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the cloned cDNAs encoding them. The MT precursor consists of 125 amino acid residues containing a signal peptide followed directly by MT, which in turn is connected to the MT neurophysin by Gly-Lys-Arg, a processing and carboxyl-terminal amidation signal. In contrast, the VT precursor includes a glycoprotein of 36 amino acids following the VT neurophysin. Except for glycoprotein, the structures of MT and VT precursors are quite similar. RNA transfer blotting analysis showed that both MT and VT mRNAs are present in the brain but not in the liver, ovaries, and testes of the toad. The sequences and the structural organizations of the MT and VT precursors are highly homologous to those of their mammalian counterparts, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin precursors, respectively. This fact suggests that, in the evolutionary pathway of neurohypophysial hormones, VT is the ancestor molecule of vasopressin, while MT is that of oxytocin.
A novel protocol for downloadable CAS (2008)

This paper presents a novel protocol for downloadable conditional access system (DCAS) which can securely download conditional access (CA) software via bidirectional communication channel. The proposed DCAS protocol uses pre-assigned keys and certificates for mutual authentication between a DCAS headend and DCAS host, and then it shares a session key for encrypting and decrypting CA software to be downloaded to a DCAS host. In order to verify the stability and effectiveness of the proposed protocol, we implement the DCAS protocol simulator. It can emulate the function of DCAS entities and the process of messages for mutual authentication, session key sharing and code downloading. Finally, experimental results indicate that the proposed protocol satisfies the design requirements for DCAS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
CoolIT: coordinating facility and it management for efficient datacenters (2008)

The expanding computational needs of today’s businesses and organizations have led to a significant increase in the number and size of datacenter facilities. While technological advances in cooling solutions and server densities are enabling the performance levels required by applications, the energy costs of these computational and heat management solutions may soon outpace the capital expense of purchasing them. To address the associated issues of cost, scalability, and sustainability, prior work has created management solutions that enable efficient operating conditions, including techniques for power aware workload management in the IT space, and at the facility level, new cooling and thermal management methods. This paper articulates the opportunities derived from the ability to coordinate across these two management domains, by describing CoolIT, an ongoing collaborative effort between Computer Science (CERCS) and Mechanical Engineering (CEETHERM) researchers to improve overall datacenter efficiency. 1
Modeling and Control of Series–Series Compensated Inductive Power Transfer System (2014)

In this paper, a T-equivalent circuit for loosely coupled transformer, which does not involve magnetic coupling, is presented. A detailed dynamic analysis based on extended describing function technique is presented for a series-series compensated inductive power transfer system. The continuous-time large-signal model, the steady-state operating point, and the small-signal model are derived in an analytical closed-form. This model includes both the frequency and the phase-shift control. Simulation and experimental verification results of the derived models are presented to validate the presented analysis.