gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Permutations as a means to encode order in word space (2008)

We show that sequence information can be encoded into highdimensional fixed-width vectors using permutations of coordinates. Computational models of language often represent words with high-dimensional semantic vectors compiled from word-use statistics. A word’s semantic vector usually encodes the contexts in which the word appears in a large body of text but ignores word order. However, word order often signals a word’s grammatical role in a sentence and thus tells of the word’s meaning. Jones and Mewhort (2007) show that word order can be included in the semantic vectors using holographic reduced representation and convolution. We show here that the order information can be captured also by permuting of vector coordinates, thus providing a general and computationally light alternative to convolution.
Poincaré Plots in Analysis of Selected Biomedical Signals (2013)

Abstract Poincaré plot is a return map which can help perform graphical analysis of data. We can also fit an ellipse to the plot shape by determining descriptors SD1, SD2 and SD1/SD2 ratio to study the data quantitatively. In this paper we show examples of application of Poincaré plots in analysis of various kinds of biomedical signals: RR intervals, EMG, gait data and EHG.
EPIDEMIC ADENOVIRUS INCLUSIONS BODY HEPATITIS OF THE CHICKEN IN AUSTRALIA (1977)

The occurrence of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) on 11 properties in Australia is described. The 6 Victorian cases occurred between 1967 and 1973 and were identified as incidental findings accompanying other diseases or occurred as ill-defined, minor economic disease episodes. In well-managed flocks the extra mortality attributable to IBH was as low as 1.8% which represented a 50% increase in total mortality. The 1973 epidemic in New South Wales on 5 related farms resulted in flock mortality of 8.4% to 32.3% and an average mortality of 19.5% of 814,000 birds. For uninfected flocks of 307,000 birds the average mortality was 8.5%. Higher mortality in male flocks was statistically highly significant as was lowered efficiency of feed conversion. Growth rate in both sexes was depressed by about 0.15 kg in 70 days and heavy downgrading at processing occurred. Secondary infections were important. The cardinal features of IBH were fatal necrotising hepatitis with Cowdry type-A intranuclear inclusion body formation; secondary bacterial infections were also important causes of loss.
Phase II Trial of High-Dose Intermittent Interleukin-2 in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Southwest Oncology Group Study (1990)

A phase II trial of intermittent high-dose recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was initiated to evaluate the response rate, remission duration, and toxic effects in patients with measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The rIL-2 was administered as a bolus intravenous infusion at a dose level of 10.0 x 10(6) U/m2 three times weekly, preceded by indomethacin (50 mg orally). Dose reductions of rIL-2 for hypotension and other grade 3 or 4 toxic effects were permitted. Forty-four patients were entered and 41 were eligible. Previous treatment included nephrectomy (23 patients), radiation therapy (seven), and hormone therapy (three). Most toxic effects observed were moderate and included nausea, vomiting, anorexia (85%); hypotension (85%); fever, chills (78%); central nervous system changes (24%); myelosuppression (27%); and creatinine elevation (15%). Four instances of grade 4 toxicity were observed and included nausea, vomiting with dehydration; hypotension; and myocardial infarction. Thirty patients (73%) required dose adjustments because of toxicity. Five responses (12%) were seen, which included one complete and four partial. Sites of response included lung, liver, and soft tissue; the duration of response ranged from 2 to 20+ months. These results demonstrate that this schedule of rIL-2 can be administered in an outpatient setting, and can produce tumor regression in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, including durable complete responses.
Perforated Duodenal Ulcer (1998)

An alternative plan for the treatment of a perforated duodenal ulcer is proposed. We will focus on the now-recognized role of Helicobacter pylori in the genesis of the majority of duodenal ulcers and on the high rate of success of therapy with a combination of antibiotics and a proton-pump inhibitor or histamine2 blocker in treatment of such ulcers. Knowledge that half the cases of perforated duodenal ulcer may have securely sealed spontaneously at the time of presentation is incorporated in the therapeutic plan. Patients with a perforated duodenal ulcer who have already been evaluated for H pylori and are not infected or, if infected, have received appropriate therapy should undergo an ulcer-definitive operation if they are suitable surgical candidates. Most authorities recommend surgical closure of the perforation and a parietal cell vagotomy. The remaining patients should have a gastroduodenogram with water-soluble contrast medium. If the perforation is sealed, the patient can be treated nonsurgically. If the perforation is leaking, secure surgical closure of the perforation is necessary. Following recovery from the immediate consequences of the perforation, evaluation for H pylori should be conducted. If the patient is infected, combined medical therapy is recommended. If the patient is not infected, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome should be ruled out and medical therapy is recommended if the ulcer has not been treated previously. Elective ulcer-definitive surgery should be considered for the occasional uninfected patient who has already received appropriate medical therapy for the ulcer.
C1‐esterase inhibitor and a novel peptide inhibitor improve contractile function in reperfused skeletal muscle (2003)

To determine the role of inhibition of complement activation in the contractile function of skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, the rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles underwent 3 h ischemia and received human C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH, 100 IU/kg), a synthetic C1q A chain peptide with a similar inhibitory effect on activated C1 (peptide, 5 mg/kg), or human serum albumin control. Results showed a significant overall increase in tetanic contractile forces of the reperfused EDL in both C1-INH and peptide groups compared to controls. Maximum improvement occurred with peptide treatment at 120-Hz stimulation, with an increase in force from 38 +/- 4% of normal in controls to 52 +/- 4% in peptide-treated rats. There were no significant differences between C1-INH and peptide groups. Plasma C3 and C4 activities were significantly increased in both treated groups, suggesting inhibition of complement activation. Our results suggest that complement activation is involved in I/R injury, and inhibition of complement activation may therefore represent a potential therapeutic approach to reducing or preventing I/R injury.
Does source-to-drain tunneling limit the ultimate scaling of MOSFETs? (2003)

By using the non-equilibrium Green's function approach, we report a comprehensive and rigorous study of source-to-drain tunneling in MOSFETs at the scaling limit. The dependence of source-to-drain tunneling on channel length, electrostatics, ambient temperature and scattering is examined, and the effects of source-to-drain tunneling on device characteristics and design issues are explored as well. The results show that source-to-drain tunneling does set an ultimate scaling limit but that this limit is well below 10 nm.
A New and Convenient Synthesis of Phenanthridines (1985)

Synthese a partir d'o-biphenylylimines de benzaldehydes substitues en para et de peroxodicarbonate de diisopropyle
Fluorescence bleach rate imaging (1994)

Summary Bleach rate imaging on a (cooled) CCD can be easily achieved using a confocal microscope with bilateral scanning and detection coupled to a workstation; it is as easy as acquiring regular fluorescence images. Several analysis and display methods for bleach rate imaging are presented such as the bleach map (and its inverse) and a matrix‐based decomposition method for multi‐labelled specimens based on the bleach rate differences between the dyes used. With these tools, bleach‐rate‐based imaging can become a viable alternative to multiple labelling techniques for component identification in fluorescent specimens.
A VLSI-efficient technique for generating multiple uncorrelated noise sources and its application to stochastic neural networks (1991)

A method for generating multiple arbitrarily shifted pseudorandom bit streams from a single linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is presented. Each bit stream is obtained by tapping the outputs of selected LFSR cells and feeding these tapped cell outputs through a set of exclusive-OR gates. This enables many neurons to share a single LFSR, resulting in an acceptably small overhead for VLSI implementation. >
DNA-Directed Assembly of Gold Nanowires on Complementary Surfaces (2001)

The coverage of Au surfaces with Au nanowires by linking them with DNA offers great prospects for the assembly of wire structures with particular connectivity. This work presents the first example of using DNA hybridization to control the assembly of micrometer-size inorganic particles on surfaces. The Figure shows the optical microscopy image of Au nanowires modified with DNA.
Protection against hip fractures by energy absorption. (1992)

Impact lateral to the hip was noted in 37 of 60 patients with hip fracture. Women with hip fracture (n = 12) had an average 22 mm thick soft tissue cover of the hip as compared to 32 mm in healthy women (n = 27), even for the same body mass index. Experiments where a steel weight was dropped from various heights onto porcine soft tissue showed that a layer of 29 mm could absorb 60% more energy than a 20 mm thick layer before nearly metallic contact would occur, corresponding to a sharp rise in load. If the results are related to conditions in vivo, then the passive protection of soft tissue over the hip is important for the development of hip fractures, and may under certain assumptions explain the higher risk of hip fractures in thin persons. An external hip protection device might therefore prevent some hip fractures.
Shared Spectrum Access Communications: A Neutral Host Micro Operator Approach (2017)

In this paper, we conceive an advanced small cells wireless network deployment framework within a managed space under shared spectrum access paradigm. We also conceive a complementary business model, referred to as neutral host micro operator (NH-μO), that leverages a single shared wireless infrastructure to mutually benefit μO (a third party service provider), the owner of the space/facility, and mobile network operators (MNOs). The model is composed of a μO slice, which delivers a venue with customized wireless services tailored to the its local service requirements, and an MNO slice, which facilitates improved wireless coverage to visitors/end-users with subscriptions to several different MNOs. The NH-μO is not biased to favor any specific client, which can be enforced through a concrete commercial agreement. A radio access network slicing concept is exploited to support and optimize both the slice instances (SIs) efficiently in a shared manner on a single physical network infrastructure. In addition, we devise an efficient architecture for the NH-μO small cell base station and dynamic spectrum assignment control unit, and their required functionalities supporting sustainable coexistence of different SIs in shared spectrum. We also devise both interSI and intra-SI dynamic spectrum allocation policies considering time-varying requirements of different SIs. These policies take care of application level priority by providing a proper mixture of users with guaranteed quality of service and best-effort users, while ensuring a healthy SI competition. The advantages of the proposed framework are twofold. It enables the venue owner to manage its wireless networks and consider its very specific requirements while capitalizing from the MNO slice. This, in turn, reduces the need for deployment of new infrastructure while providing improved wireless coverage and savings to MNOs. Finally, our proposed framework leverages efficient utilization of spectrum, physical infrastructure, and computational resources. The simulation results exhibit various important features of the proposed shared spectrum access policies.
Human chorionic gonadotropin suppresses human breast cancer cell growth directly via p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and indirectly via ovarian steroid secretion. (2014)

The tumor-suppressive effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) against human breast cancer cells were examined. In cell viability assays, hCG inhibited the growth of three human breast cancer cell lines (estrogen receptor (ER)-positive KPL-1 and MCF-7, and ER-negative MKL-F cells), and the growth inhibition activity of hCG was most pronounced against KPL-1 cells (luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR)-positive and luminal-A subtype). In hCG-treated KPL-1 cells, immunoblotting analysis revealed the expression of tumor suppressor protein p53 peaking at 12 h following treatment, followed by cleavage of caspase-9 and caspase-3 at 24 h and 48 h, respectively. KPL-1-transplanted athymic mice were divided into 3 groups: a sham-treated group that received an inoculation of KPL-1 cells at 6 weeks of age followed by daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of saline; an in vitro hCG-treated KPL-1 group that received an inoculation of KPL-1 cells pre-treated with 100 IU/ml hCG in vitro for 48 h at 6 weeks of age, followed by daily i.p. injection of saline; and an in vivo hCG-treated group that received an KPL-1 cell inoculation at 6 weeks of age, followed by daily i.p. injection of 100 IU hCG. The daily injections of saline or hCG continued until the end of the experiment when mice reached 11 weeks of age. KPL-1 tumor growth was retarded in in vitro and in vivo hCG-treated mice compared to sham-treated controls, and the final tumor volume and tumor weight tended to be suppressed in the in vitro hCG-treated group and were significantly suppressed in the in vivo hCG-treated group. In vivo 100-IU hCG injections for 5 weeks elevated serum estradiol levels (35.7 vs. 23.5 pg/ml); thus, the mechanisms of hCG action may be directly coordinated via the p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and indirectly through ovarian steroid secretion that elevates estrogen levels. It is thus concluded that hCG may be an attractive agent for treating human breast cancer expressing both LHCGR and ER.
Deep neck abscess: an analysis of microbial etiology and the effectiveness of antibiotics (2008)

The objective was to demonstrate the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of deep neck space abscess and to analyze the coverage rate of different empiric antimicrobial agents. A retrospective review of hospitalized patients with deep neck abscess diagnosed at a tertiary-care, general hospital between April 2001 and October 2006. The study enrolled 100 patients. The bacterial cultures of 89 patients yielded positive results (89%). The predominant aerobes were viridans streptococci, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The predominant anaerobes included species of Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus, and Bacteroides. Five different combinations of empiric antibiotics, namely regimen 1: penicillin G and clindamycin and gentamicin, regimen 2: ceftriaxone and clindamycin, regimen 3: ceftriaxone and metronidazole, regimen 4: cefuroxime and clindamycin, and regimen 5: penicillin and metronidazole, were compared using the antimicrobial susceptibility of 89 cases. The coverage rates of regimens 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 67.4%, 76.4%, 70.8%, 61.8%, and 16.9%, respectively. The coverage of regimen 5 was considerably worse than that of the other four regimens (p < 0.001). Regimen 2 was significantly better than regimen 4 (p < 0.001). Regimen 2 had better coverage than regimens 1 (p = 0.096) and 3 (p = 0.302), but the difference was not statistically significant. This study demonstrates the bacteriology of deep neck abscess and analyzes the coverage rate of different empiric antimicrobial agents. Regimens 1, 2, and 3 could be good candidates for empiric antibiotics. Pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy should be adjusted after the culture results are obtained.
Synthesis and structural characterization of A-site doped NiFe2O4 (2017)

In present paper, we are reporting the synthesis of pure nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) and cadmium & strontium substituted nickel ferrite [Ni0.9Cd0.1Fe2O4, Ni0.9Sr0.1Fe2O4 and Ni0.9Cd0.05Sr0.05Fe2O4] with particles size in nanometer range. All the samples are prepared using auto combustion technique, using citric acid as a chelating agent. The XRD patterns of the samples show spinel cubic type of structure; the lattice parameter and crystalline size are estimated for all compositions. The group theory study on ferrites having spinel structure revealed five Raman active modes namely A1g + Eg + 3T2g. All the Raman modes are present in synthesized samples and have a good agreement with reported literature.
Global Ocean Warming: An Acoustic Measure? (1989)

Explosions of 300 lbs of TNT at 1 km depth off Perth, Australia were recorded on Bermuda hydrophones, demonstrating 30 years age the feasibility of global acoustic transmissions. Climate-induced changes in ocean temperature (and hence in sound speed) can be monitored by measuring travel time changes of acoustic signals from remote powerful sources. Warming induced now at the sound axis by CO2 and other greenhouse gases is estimated at 0.005°C per year, too small to be measured locally in the presence of 1°C rms noise from gyre scale and mesoscale fluctuations. The associated rate of decrease in travel time from greenhouse warming (a global measure of temperature rise) is estimated at 0.1 to 0.2 s per year. This climatic signal should be detectable above the gyre and mesoscale noise (less than 1 s rms), given a program of measurements carried out over a decade. An acoustic source at Heard Island in the south Indian Ocean has direct oceanic paths into all five ocean basins—westward to South Georgia, Brazil, South Africa and Bermuda; eastward to Tasmania, New Zealand, Tahiti, Hawaii, San Francisco and Oregon; northward to Indonesia and; southward to Antarctica. A feasibility experiment is planned.
[Role of humoral factors in the regulation of hemopoiesis in stress]. (1991)

The change of 11-1, IL-3, CSA concentrations in adherent and nonadherent bone marrow cells condition medium at stress were investigated. The activation of bone marrow hemopoiesis was registered at mice after immobilization stress. The number of CFU-GM increased on 1, 4 and 5 day after stress. Maximum of CSA in adherent and nonadherent cells conditioned medium was observed on day 4, 6 or 2, 5 respectively. The increasing of 11-3 activity in culture of nonadherent bone marrow cells was registered from day 1 and mount to maximum at 4-5 days. The increasing of 11-1 level in culture of adherent bone marrow cells was found at 1 and 4 days.
Acetaldehyde formation by mitochondria from the free-living nematode <i>Panagrellus redivivus</i> (1984)

The mitochondrial fraction from the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus decarboxylates pyruvate to produce significant amounts of acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde formation is stimulated by thiamin pyrophosphate, shows a sharp optimum at pH 6.8 and is greater under anaerobic than aerobic conditions. The pyruvate decarboxylase activity cofractionates with, and is probably a partial reaction of, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetaldehyde production is modulated by NAD+, ATP and acetyl-CoA and is greatly stimulated by lipoic acid. The pyruvate decarboxylase system is extremely sensitive to thiol-group inhibitors and is inhibited by oxygen in the presence of pyruvate.
Analysis and Integrated Architecture Design for Overlap Smooth and in-Loop Deblocking Filter in VC-1 (2007)

Unlike familiar macroblock-based in-loop deblocking filter in H.264, the filters of VC-1 perform all horizontal edges (for in-loop deblocking filtering) or vertical edges (for overlap smoothing) first and then the other directional filtering edges. The entire procedure is very time-consuming and with high memory access loading for the whole system. This paper presents a novel method and the efficient integrated architecture design, which involves an 12 times 12 overlapped block that combines overlap smoothing with loop filtering for performance and cost by sharing circuits and resources. This architecture has capability to process HDTV1080p 30 fps video and HDTV 2048 times 1536 24 fps video at 180 MHz. The same concept is applicable to other video processing algorithms, especially in deblocking filter for video post-processing in a frame-based order.
Ultra-low power microcontrollers for portable, wearable, and implantable medical electronics (2011)

An aging population, coupled with choices on diet and lifestyle, is causing an increased demand for portable, wearable, and implantable medical devices that enable chronic disease management and wellness assessment. Battery life specifications drive the power consumption requirements of integrated circuits in these devices. Microcontrollers provide the right combination of programmability, cost, performance, and power consumption needed to realize such devices. In this paper, we describe microcontrollers that are enabling today's medical applications and discuss innovations necessary for enabling future applications with sophisticated signal processing needs. As an example, we present the design of an embedded microcontroller system-on-chip that achieves the first sub-microwatt per channel electroencephalograph (EEG) seizure detection.
The per-unit-length capacitance matrix of flaring VLSI packaging interconnections (1991)

A three-dimensional capacitance calculator was used for the accurate calculation of the per-unit-length (PUL) capacitance matrix of flaring, multiple, coupled microstrip, and stripline interconnections. Properly constructed Green's functions that satisfy the boundary conditions at dielectric interfaces were implemented in order to minimize the number of unknowns involved in the numerical solution. Under the assumption that the longitudinal components of the electric and magnetic fields are negligible compared to the transverse ones, the PUL inductance matrix was found from the inverse of the capacitance matrix calculated from the same conductor geometry in a uniform dielectric medium.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automatic optimal filament segmentation with sub-pixel accuracy using generalized linear models and B-spline level-sets (2016)

Biological filaments, such as actin filaments, microtubules, and cilia, are often imaged using different light-microscopy techniques. Reconstructing the filament curve from the acquired images constitutes the filament segmentation problem. Since filaments have lower dimensionality than the image itself, there is an inherent trade-off between tracing the filament with sub-pixel accuracy and avoiding noise artifacts. Here, we present a globally optimal filament segmentation method based on B-spline vector level-sets and a generalized linear model for the pixel intensity statistics. We show that the resulting optimization problem is convex and can hence be solved with global optimality. We introduce a simple and efficient algorithm to compute such optimal filament segmentations, and provide an open-source implementation as an ImageJ/Fiji plugin. We further derive an information-theoretic lower bound on the filament segmentation error, quantifying how well an algorithm could possibly do given the information in the image. We show that our algorithm asymptotically reaches this bound in the spline coefficients. We validate our method in comprehensive benchmarks, compare with other methods, and show applications from fluorescence, phase-contrast, and dark-field microscopy.