gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute myocardial infarction (2010)

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is increasingly used in the daily practice of the clinical cardiologist. Technical advances in hardware and development of new software have led to major improvements in image quality, spatial and temporal resolution, and imaging speed, allowing the detailed assessment of the whole spectrum of cardiovascular disease. This article reviews the clinical applications of CMR in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

### Cine imaging

Cine imaging forms the backbone of the CMR examination. It is used for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of myocardial anatomy and function, and, with the use of dobutamine stress, to evaluate ischaemia and viability (box 1). In addition, it may be used as an alternative technique to Doppler echocardiography for the evaluation of valvular heart disease. The standard cine pulse sequence is a breath-hold, steady state free precession (SSFP) sequence that provides optimal contrast between blood and myocardium (figure 1; see also supplemental videos 1 and 2). Current cine sequences use retrospective ECG gating, although prospective gating may be required in patients with irregular heart rhythm. When heart rhythm is notably irregular, as with complex ventricular ectopy, real time imaging without ECG gating will still allow the assessment of regional and global function, albeit at the cost of reduced image quality and spatial and temporal resolution (supplemental video 3). The efficiency of data acquisition may be considerably improved by using parallel imaging, which is based on undersampling of the raw data by using information from multiple receiver coils.1 The improved scan efficiency may be translated into reduced scan time or improved resolution, at the cost of some loss in signal-to-noise. Temporal resolution can also be improved by phase sharing, a …
Variable Sensitivity of CCR5-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates to Inhibition by RANTES Analogs (2000)

Aminooxypentane (AOP)-RANTES efficiently and specifically blocks entry of non-syncytium-inducing (NSI), CCR5-tropic (R5) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into host cells. Inhibition appears to be mediated by increased intracellular retention of the CCR5 coreceptor- AOP-RANTES complex and/or competitive binding of AOP-RANTES with NSI R5 HIV-1 isolates for CCR5. Although AOP-RANTES and other beta-chemokine analogs are potent inhibitors, the extreme heterogeneity of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (gp120 and gp41) and variable coreceptor usage may affect the susceptibility of variant HIV-1 strains to these drugs. Using the same peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with all isolates, we observed a significant variation in AOP-RANTES inhibition of 13 primary NSI R5 isolates; 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) ranged from 0.04 nM with HIV-1(A-92RW009) to 1.3 nM with HIV-1(B-BaL). Experiments performed on the same isolate (HIV-1(B-BaL)) with PBMC from different donors revealed no isolate-specific variation in AOP-RANTES IC(50) values but did show a considerable difference in virus replication efficiency. Exclusive entry via the CCR5 coreceptor by these NSI R5 isolates suggests that variable inhibition by AOP-RANTES is not due to alternative coreceptor usage but rather differential CCR5 binding. Analysis of the envelope V3 loop sequence linked a threonine or arginine at position 319 (numbering based on the HXB2 genome) with AOP-RANTES resistance. With the exception of one isolate, A319 was associated with increased sensitivity to AOP-RANTES inhibition. Distribution of AOP-RANTES IC(50) values with these isolates has promoted ongoing screens for new CCR5 agonists that show broad inhibition of HIV-1 variants.
Ion-Pair and Charged Hydrogen-Bond Interactions between Histidine and Aspartate in a Peptide Helix (1997)

The effect on helix stability of placing a single pair of His-Asp or Asp-His residues, spaced (i, i + 3), (i, i + 4), or (i, i + 5), in an alanine-based peptide has been determined. The peptides have identical amino acid compositions, intrinsic helix propensities, and closely similar charge-helix dipole interactions, but they have different side chain interactions. Their helix contents are measured by circular dichroism over the pH range of 2-9, and the strength of a particular side chain interaction is determined from the increase in helix content over the reference peptide with the (i, i + 5) spacing. Side chain interactions are found for both the (i, i + 3) and (i, i + 4) spacings but only in the His-Asp orientation. Charged hydrogen-bond interactions occur at extreme pH values, and they are almost as strong as the ion-pair interactions at pH 5.5; but only the (i, i + 4) His-Asp peptide forms a strong hydrogen bond at pH 2, and only the (i, i + 3) peptide forms a strong hydrogen bond at pH 8.5. The ion-pair interactions are not screened effectively by 1 M NaCl, and hydrogen bonds probably account for most of their strength.
A new dynamic finite-state vector quantization algorithm for image compression (2000)

The picture quality of conventional memory vector quantization techniques is limited by their supercodebooks. This paper presents a new dynamic finite-state vector quantization (DFSVQ) algorithm which provides better quality than the best quality that the supercodebook can offer. The new DFSVQ exploits the global interblock correlation of image blocks instead of local correlation in conventional DFSVQs. For an input block, we search the closest block from the previously encoded data using the side-match technique. The closest block is then used as the prediction of the input block, or used to generate a dynamic codebook. The input block is encoded by the closest block, dynamic codebook or supercodebook. Searching for the closest block from the previously encoded data is equivalent to expand the codevector space; thus the picture quality achieved is not limited by the supercodebook. Experimental results reveal that the new DFSVQ reduces bit rate significantly and provides better visual quality, as compared to the basic VQ and other DFSVQs.
T2 ACSR Conductors: Lessons Learned (1998)

Electric utilities are under increasing pressure to provide better quality service to the customer. In the information age, even momentary interruptions are now unacceptable. The Central Iowa Power Cooperative (USA) has 10 years of experience using variable cross-section ACSR conductor (T2) in an attempt to improve line performance. This article presents a summary of the lessons learned during that time.
On-the-fly kernel updates for high-performance computing clusters (2006)

High-performance computing clusters running long-lived tasks currently cannot have kernel software updates applied to them without causing system downtime. These clusters miss opportunities for increased performance via specialized kernel support, cannot benefit from new kernel features, and continue to operate with kernel security holes unpatched, at least until the next scheduled maintenance date. We developed a system enabling dynamic kernel updates in parallel computing clusters to address these problems. Our system, DynAMOS, is founded on execution flow high-jacking through function cloning. It enables commodity operating systems popularly used in clusters gain adaptive and mutative capabilities. To demonstrate the efficacy of our system, we illustrate our experience in dynamically updating and extending a Linux cluster. We introduce adaptive memory paging for efficient gang-scheduling; extend the kernel's process scheduler to support unobtrusive fine-grain cycle stealing, apply public security fixes, and inject performance monitoring functionality to a selection of kernel functions. Our benchmarks show that the overhead imposed by DynAMOS is mostly in the range of 1-8% for common Linux kernel functions
Translocation of a folded protein across the outer membrane in Escherichia coli. (1992)

A mutation in the Escherichia coli dsbA gene (coding for a periplasmic disulfide oxidoreductase) reduces the rate of disulfide bond formation in the enzyme pullulanase and also reduces the rate at which the enzyme is secreted to the cell surface, as measured by protease accessibility. The enzyme did not become protease accessible when disulfide bond formation was completely prevented in the mutant strain by carboxymethylation. These results indicate that a disulfide bond may be required for, and certainly does not impede, the translocation of pullulanase across the outer membrane. Since it is unlikely that a disulfide bond could be formed and then reduced again in the periplasm, these results would appear to strengthen the argument that pullulanase polypeptides fold into or close to their final conformation before they are transported across the outer membrane. It is suggested that this might be a feature common to all proteins that are secreted by other Gram-negative bacteria by a pullulanase-like pathway.
Analysis and Design of Robust Feedback Control Systems for a Nonlinear Two-Wheel Inverted Pendulum System (2012)

Two-wheel inverted pendulum is an open loop unstable system, and is a nonlinear system. But can use at many practice application, like SEGWAY etc. This paper research the theorems nonlinear property of the two-wheel inverted pendulum model and simulation its nonlinear output response. Simulation results show that system has robustness. Can maintain stable when suffer nonlinear inference and not change controller gain, And if we design a gain compensator controller cause by nonlinear property influence, simulation result show can improve the two-wheel inverted pendulum output response.
Pd(0)–Cu(I)-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkynylsilanes with triarylantimony(V) diacetates (2001)

Treatment of alkynylsilanes with triarylantimony diacetates in the presence of Pd2(dba)3·CHCl3 (5 mol%) and CuI (10 mol%) in CH3CN at 50 °C for 5 h afforded aryl-substituted alkynes in good yield. Alternatively, direct carbonylative coupling of triarylantimony diacetates with alkynylsilanes was accomplished under atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide.
Characterization of the Uukuniemi Virus Group (Phlebovirus: Bunyaviridae): Evidence for Seven Distinct Species (2013)

Evolutionary insights into the phleboviruses are limited because of an imprecise classification scheme based on partial nucleotide sequences and scattered antigenic relationships. In this report, the serologic and phylogenetic relationships of the Uukuniemi group viruses and their relationships with other recently characterized tick-borne phleboviruses are described using full-length genome sequences. We propose that the viruses currently included in the Uukuniemi virus group be assigned to five different species as follows: Uukuniemi virus, EgAn 1825-61 virus, Fin V707 virus, Chizé virus, and Zaliv Terpenia virus would be classified into the Uukuniemi species; Murre virus, RML-105-105355 virus, and Sunday Canyon virus would be classified into a Murre virus species; and Grand Arbaud virus, Precarious Point virus, and Manawa virus would each be given individual species status. Although limited sequence similarity was detected between current members of the Uukuniemi group and Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) and Heartland virus, a clear serological reaction was observed between some of them, indicating that SFTSV and Heartland virus should be considered part of the Uukuniemi virus group. Moreover, based on the genomic diversity of the phleboviruses and given the low correlation observed between complement fixation titers and genetic distance, we propose a system for classification of the Bunyaviridae based on genetic as well as serological data. Finally, the recent descriptions of SFTSV and Heartland virus also indicate that the public health importance of the Uukuniemi group viruses must be reevaluated.
A Study on Analysis of Malicious Codes Similarity Using N-Gram and Vector Space Model (2011)

The development of Information and Communication gives a lot of convenience in our lives, but on the other hand, the new cyber threat like viruses, computer intrusions and so on also increases. Especially, malicious codes such as viruses over the internet are distributed in large quantities. Several studies using reverse engineering or virtual machine have been carried out to analyze malicious codes, but studies on the analysis of the implications or the similarities between malicious codes have not been carried out in variety. Therefore, we suggest the analysis of similarity using N-Gram and Vector Space Model in this paper. The results shows that we can distinguish malicious codes from others using this method.
SigFree: A Signature-Free Buffer Overflow Attack Blocker (2008)

We propose SigFree, an online signature-free out-of-the-box application-layer method for blocking code-injection buffer overflow attack messages targeting at various Internet services such as Web service. Motivated by the observation that buffer overflow attacks typically contain executables whereas legitimate client requests never contain executables in most Internet services, SigFree blocks attacks by detecting the presence of code. Unlike the previous code detection algorithms, SigFree uses a new data-flow analysis technique called code abstraction that is generic, fast, and hard for exploit code to evade. SigFree is signature free, thus it can block new and unknown buffer overflow attacks; SigFree is also immunized from most attack-side code obfuscation methods. Since SigFree is a transparent deployment to the servers being protected, it is good for economical Internet-wide deployment with very low deployment and maintenance cost. We implemented and tested SigFree; our experimental study shows that the dependency-degree-based SigFree could block all types of code-injection attack packets (above 750) tested in our experiments with very few false positives. Moreover, SigFree causes very small extra latency to normal client requests when some requests contain exploit code.
Intraleucocytic malaria pigment and clinical severity of malaria in children (1998)

Intraleucocytic malaria pigment has been suggested as a measure of disease severity in malaria. We have tested this hypothesis by studying 146 children aged 6 months to 14 years in 4 categories--cerebral malaria, mild malaria, asymptomatic malaria and 'no malaria'--in Ibadan, Nigeria, an area of intense malaria transmission in Africa. Children with cerebral malaria were studied at the university hospital, those with mild malaria at 2 primary health centres and the other 2 groups were studied in a primary school. The proportion of pigment-containing neutrophils showed a clear rise across the spectrum no malaria--asymptomatic malaria--mild malaria--cerebral malaria (median values 2.0%, 6.5%, 9.0% and 27.0%, respectively; P < 0.0001). The proportion of pigment-containing monocytes did not differ significantly between the mild malaria, asymptomatic malaria and no malaria groups but the cerebral malaria group had a higher median value than the other 3 groups. The ratio of pigment-containing neutrophils to pigment-containing monocytes showed the same trend across the groups of subjects as was observed with the number of pigment-containing neutrophils. It is concluded that the pigment-containing neutrophil count is a simple marker of disease severity in childhood malaria in addition to the parasite count.
Laser-induced Ni(Ti) silicide formation (2006)

Effects of Ti alloying during laser-induced Ni silicide formation is studied. Unique triple layer microstructures were found with the presence of supercell in the NiSi2 grains formed at the interface. This supercell formation was caused by a local ordering of Ni and Si atoms that favor lower free energy during rapid solidification. Ti rapidly segregates from the alloy melt and forms a protective TiOx overlayer on the surface during solidification. Melt front progressing towards the Ni-rich region leads to quenching of an amorphous layer sandwiched between NiSi2 grains and the TiOx overlayer.
Design of a resourceable and retargetable binary translator (1999)

Binary translation, the automatic translation of executable programs from one machine to another, requires analyses and transformations that could be used in a wide variety of tools intended to reverse engineer binary codes. Our approach to binary translation, which is designed to allow both source and target machines to be changed at low cost, is based on a combination of machine descriptions, binary-interface descriptions, and machine-independent analyses. This approach is producing components and component generators that should be usable in a variety of tools for reverse engineering binary codes. This paper presents an overview of the full design and gives excerpts from descriptions used in component generators, and presents preliminary results of four static translators instantiated from the UQBT framework described in this paper.
Pitt–Hopkins syndrome in two patients and further definition of the phenotype (2006)

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome is a rare dysmorphic mental retardation syndrome marked by daytime spells of overbreathing interrupted by apnoea. The dysmorphism consists of a large beaked nose, cup-shaped ears with broad helices, a wide mouth, Cupid's bow upper lip, wide and shallow palate and broad or clubbed fingertips. The four patients described so far have been sporadic and represented both sexes. In addition, a pair of sibs with atypical features has been reported as possible Pitt-Hopkins syndrome cases. We describe two unrelated Pitt-Hopkins syndrome patients in order to further define the phenotype. In addition to severe developmental retardation, hypotonia, postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, abnormal breathing and characteristic dysmorphic features, both had epilepsy and intestinal problems with severe constipation in one and Hirschsprung disease in the other. Other abnormalities were hypopigmented skin macules in one and high-grade myopia in the other. Both had unusual frontal slow-and-sharp-wave discharges on electroencephalography. Magnetic resonance imaging in both showed a similar hypoplastic corpus callosum with missing rostrum and posterior part of the splenium and bulbous caudate nuclei bulging towards the frontal horns. Chromosomal analysis and subtelomere fluorescence in-situ hybridization studies were normal. No mutations were found in the MECP2 or ZFHX1B genes. Extensive metabolic and mitochondrial screens were normal. The electroencephalography and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings appear to be further diagnostic signs in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome, which is also one of the syndromes associated with Hirschsprung disease.
Synthesis and properties of some N,N-dialkylamides as new extractants (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and properties of some N,N-dialkylamides as new extractantsHikmat N. Al-Jallo, Anwar A. Hussain, Halfah B. Mansoor, Ausama A. Sameh, and Sinan K. Al-SaidiCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1984, 29, 4, 479–481Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00038a033https://doi.org/10.1021/je00038a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiagent Optimization System for Solving the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) (2008)

The multiagent optimization system (MAOS) is a nature-inspired method, which supports cooperative search by the self-organization of a group of compact agents situated in an environment with certain sharing public knowledge. Moreover, each agent in MAOS is an autonomous entity with personal declarative memory and behavioral components. In this paper, MAOS is refined for solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP), which is a classic hard computational problem. Based on a simplified MAOS version, in which each agent manipulates on extremely limited declarative knowledge, some simple and efficient components for solving TSP, including two improving heuristics based on a generalized edge assembly recombination, are implemented. Compared with metaheuristics in adaptive memory programming, MAOS is particularly suitable for supporting cooperative search. The experimental results on two TSP benchmark data sets show that MAOS is competitive as compared with some state-of-the-art algorithms, including the Lin-Kernighan-Helsgaun, IBGLK, PHGA, etc., although MAOS does not use any explicit local search during the runtime. The contributions of MAOS components are investigated. It indicates that certain clues can be positive for making suitable selections before time-consuming computation. More importantly, it shows that the cooperative search of agents can achieve an overall good performance with a macro rule in the switch mode, which deploys certain alternate search rules with the offline performance in negative correlations. Using simple alternate rules may prevent the high difficulty of seeking an omnipotent rule that is efficient for a large data set.
A Case of Bleeding on the Ampulla of Vater Due to Angiodysplasia in a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease (2010)

Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia is one of the causes of acute and chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, and gastrointestinal angiodysplasia makes up 26% of all the cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding from the ampulla of Vater is very rare. We report here on an unusual case of bleeding from angiodysplasia at the ampulla of Vater in a 58-aged woman with end stage renal failure. This lesion was successfully treated with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation.