gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ANODIC OXIDE FILMS ON NIOBIUM: THICKNESS, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT, DISPERSION, REFLECTION MINIMA, FORMATION FIELD STRENGTH, AND SURFACE AREA (1960)

The wavelengths of minimum specular reflectivity (at 11° incidence) due to interference were determined using a spectrophotometer for a series of films formed on chemically polished niobium. With a value of the refractive index n = 2.46 ± 1% at 4358 Å wavelength by the Abelès method (reported elsewhere), the spectrophotometric data give the refractive index as a function of the wavelength λ, n = 2.26 + 0.398/(λ/10 3 Å − 2.56) 1.2 . To analyze the spectrophotometric results, an auxiliary measure of thickness was required (though, with the chart given below, the thickness of a film may be determined directly from spectrophotometric measurements alone). A combination of measurements of the a-c. capacity and of the charge required to form the films gives a suitable measure of thickness (in terms of ρ/ε, where ε = dielectric constant and ρ = density) which is not dependent on a knowledge of the true surface area. The spectrophotometric data provide a calibration of this measure of thickness and thus give ε/ρ. With ρ = 4.36 g cm −3 (reported for the bulk amorphous oxide) this gives ε about 41 (compared with about 27.6 for Ta 2 O 5 ). The effective surface area of the chemically polished metal was then found to be about 7% greater than the apparent area. At the ionic current density used to form the films (10 ma cm −2 ), the field strength in the oxide was estimated as 4.96 × 10 6 v cm −1 within a few per cent uncertainty. Because the field to produce a given ionic current is lower than with Ta 2 O 5 films, the capacity of films formed to a given voltage at a given current density and temperature is not so much greater for niobium than for tantalum as the dielectric constants might lead one to expect. It is suggested that there may be a correlation between dielectric constant and ionic conductivity. The Nb 2 O 5 films recrystallize like Ta 2 O 5 films under an applied field but more readily, at least with the purity of metal now available.
Chemical and biological characterization of 4'-iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin. (1987)

4'-Iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin is a doxorubicin (DXR) analogue with greater lipophilicity and reduced basicity of the amino group. In vitro 4'-iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin is more cytotoxic than DXR against a panel of human and murine cell lines and is characterized by a higher and faster uptake. In vivo, the spectrum of activity of 4'-iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin is comparable to that of DXR, but the new compound has higher activity against murine P388 leukemia resistant to DXR and against pulmonary metastases from Lewis lung carcinoma. Moreover, the new analogue exhibits antitumor activity also after p.o. administration and shows no cardiotoxicity in experimental systems.
Do the different parental ‘heteromes’ cause genomic shock in newly formed allopolyploids? (2003)

Allopolyploidy, the joining of two parental genomes in a polyploid organism with diploid meiosis, is an important mechanism of reticulate evolution. While many successful long-established allopolyploids are known, those formed recently undergo an instability phase whose basis is now being characterized. We describe observations made with the Arabidopsis system that include phenotypic instability, gene silencing and activation, and methylation changes. We present a model based on the epigenetic destabilization of genomic repeats, which in the parents are heterochromatinized and suppressed. We hypothesize that loss of epigenetic suppression of these sequences, here defined as the heterome, results in genomic instability including silencing of single-copy genes.
Mosquito Allergy: Immune Mechanisms and Recombinant Salivary Allergens (2004)

Reactions to mosquito bites are immunological in nature, with the involvement of IgE-, IgG- and T lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivities. Acquired desensitization to mosquito saliva may occur during childhood and adolescence or during long-term exposure to mosquito bites. Due to the lack of salivary preparations, allergic reactions to mosquito bites are underdiagnosed and undertreated. Recombinant mosquito saliva allergens with biological activity are being developed. These recombinant allergens will significantly improve diagnosis of mosquito allergy and eventually will also improve specific immunotherapy for patients with systemic reactions to mosquito bites.
Quantitative autoradiographic studies of relaxin binding in rat atria, uterus and cerebral cortex: characterization and effects of oestrogen treatment (1999)

The binding characteristics of the relaxin receptor in rat atria, uterus and cortex were studied using a [33P]-labelled human gene 2 relaxin (B33) and quantitative receptor autoradiography. The binding kinetics of [33P]-human gene 2 relaxin (B33) were investigated in slide-mounted rat atrial sections. The binding achieved equilibrium after 60 min incubation at room temperature (23+/-1 degrees C) and dissociated slowly. The association and dissociation rate constants were 4.31+/-0.34x10(8) M(-1) x min(-1) and 1.55+/-0.38x10(-3) min(-1) respectively. Thus, the kinetic dissociation constant was 3.46+/-0.59 pM. Binding was saturable to a single population of non-interacting sites throughout atria, in uterine myometrium and the 5th layer of cerebral cortex. The binding affinities (pK(D)) of [33P]-human gene 2 relaxin (B33) were 8.92+/-0.09 in atrial myocardium and 8.79+/-0.04 in cerebral cortex of male rats, and 8.79+/-0.10 in uterine myometrium. Receptor densities in the cerebral cortex and atria were higher than in uterine myometrium, indicating that relaxin also has important roles in non-reproductive tissues. In male rats, treatment with 17beta-oestradiol (20 microg in 0.1 ml sesame oil s.c., 18-24 h) significantly decreased the density of relaxin receptors in atria and cerebral cortex. Identical treatment in female rats had no significant effect in atria and cerebral cortex, but it significantly increased the density of relaxin receptors in uterine myometrium. Relaxin binding was competitively displaced by porcine and rat native relaxins. Porcine native relaxin binds to the relaxin receptor in male rat atria (8.90+/-0.02), and cerebral cortex (8.90+/-0.03) and uterine myometrium (8.89+/-0.03) with affinities not significantly different from human gene 2 (B33) relaxin. Nevertheless, rat relaxin binds to the receptors with affinities (8.35+/-0.09 in atria, 8.22+/-0.07 in cerebral cortex and 8.48+/-0.06 in uterine myometrium) significantly less than human gene 2 (B33) and porcine relaxins. Quantitative receptor autoradiography is the method of choice for measurement of affinities and densities of relaxin receptor in atria, uterine myometrium and cerebral cortex. High densities were found in all these tissues. 17beta-oestradiol treatment produced complex effects where it increased the densities of relaxin receptors in uterus but decreased those in atria and cerebral cortex of the male rats, and had no effect on the atria and cerebral cortex of the female rats.
Using the Draft H.26L Video Coding Standard for Mobile applications (2001)

The main goals of the new ITU-T H.26L standardization effort are enhanced compression performance and provision of a “network-friendly ” packet-based video representation addressing “conversational ” (i.e., video telephony) and “nonconversational” (i.e., storage, broadcast, or streaming) applications. Hence, the H.26L design covers a Video Coding Layer (VCL), which provides the core high-compression representation of the video picture content, and a Network Adaptation Layer (NAL), which packages that representation for delivery over a particular type of network. The H.26L VCL test model has achieved a significant improvement in rate-distortion efficiency – providing nearly a factor of two in bit-rate savings when comparing against the H.263+ test model. NAL designs are being developed to transport the coded video data over existing and future networks such as circuit-switched wired networks, IP networks with RTP packetization, and 3G wireless systems. The NAL is also designed to enable simple gateway operation in heterogeneous transmission scenarios. 1.
Securing RFID-supported Supply Chains (2010)

Modern RFID-supported supply chains envision a seamless sharing of item-level data across multiple supply chain participants in the &ldquo;Internet of Things&rdquo;. However, many companies are reluctant to propagate large amounts of their track and trace information to others, as they fear the uncontrolled disclosure of vital business intelligence. Without built-in safeguards, such systems thus run the risk of hindering the adoption of efficient supply chain management infrastructures.
Cloning, sequencing and expression in<i>Escherichia coli</i>of the low-affinity penicillin binding protein of<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (1994)

Low-affinity penicillin binding proteins are particular membrane proteins, in several Gram-positive bacteria, which are involved in beta-lactam antibiotic resistance. The structural gene for the low-affinity penicillin binding protein 5 (PBP5) of Enterococcus faecalis was cloned and sequenced. From the sequence of the 3378 bp, a 2040 bp coding region was identified. From biochemical analysis it emerges that E. faecalis PBP5 is a type II membrane protein with an uncleaved N-terminal and is composed of 679 amino acids with a molecular weight of 74055. This protein showed 48 and 33% of identity with Enterococcus hirae PBP5 and Staphylococcus aureus PBP2a, both low-affinity PBPs involved in beta-lactam resistance. Anti-PBP5 antibodies cross-reacted with a membrane protein present in other species of enterococci, but the entire gene fragment cloned hybridized only with DNAs of E. faecalis strains, thus suggesting that genes coding for low-affinity PBPs of enterococci are not strictly homologous. In this experiment digoxigenin-labelled E. faecalis DNA was used.
On the Microenvironments Surrounding Dansyl Sequestered within Class I and II Xerogels (2000)

We report on the static and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of dansyl sequestered within two xerogels that were formed from tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS) mixed with ppm levels of dansylamide or dansyltriethoxysilane. These are referred to as class I and II xerogels, respectively. Experiments were performed on these samples as they progressed from liquids to xerogels over a period of 1 year. The results show that the average local microenvironment surrounding the dansyl dopant is different in the class I and II xerogels. Specifically, even though the dipolarity surrounding the dansyl dopant increases as both samples progress from liquids to xerogels, the local dansyl microenvironment within a class II xerogel is always more heterogeneous in comparison to the class I xerogel. In an aged xerogel, the local dipolarity surrounding the dansyl dopant is greater for the class I xerogel than for the class II xerogel. These results are discussed in terms of a model that has the dansyl locating preferentially within Si−OH- and SiO2-rich regions for the class I and II xerogels, respectively.
Expression levels of selected genes can predict individual rheumatoid arthritis patient response to tumor necrosis factor alpha blocker treatment (2018)

The diagnostic kit predicted the response to TNFα blockers in a high percentage of patients assessed retrospectively or prospectively. This personal kit may guide selection of a suitable biological drug for the individual RA patient.
Photostudies of 2,2'-bipyridine bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(1+), 1,10-phenanthroline bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(1+), and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(1+) in solution and in rigid, low-temperature glasses. Simultaneous multiple emissions from intraligand and charge-transfer states (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotostudies of 2,2'-bipyridine bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(1+), 1,10-phenanthroline bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(1+), and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(1+) in solution and in rigid, low-temperature glasses. Simultaneous multiple emissions from intraligand and charge-transfer statesRosemary A. Rader, David R. McMillin, Michael T. Buckner, Thomas G. Matthews, Dominick J. Casadonte, Russell K. Lengel, Steven B. Whittaker, Lola M. Darmon, and Fred E. LytleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 19, 5906–5912Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00409a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00409a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1164Altmetric-Citations169LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Smart Robust Resources Control in LV Network to Deal With Voltage Rise Issue (2013)

Often voltage rise along low voltage (LV) networks limits their capacity to accommodate more renewable energy (RE) sources. This paper proposes a robust and effective approach to coordinate customers' resources and control voltage rise in LV networks, where photovoltaics (PVs) are considered as the RE sources. The proposed coordination algorithm includes both localized and distributed control strategies. The localized strategy determines the value of PV inverter active and reactive power, while the distributed strategy coordinates customers' energy storage units (ESUs). To verify the effectiveness of proposed approach, a typical residential LV network is used and simulated in the PSCAD-EMTC platform.
The Function of RH22, a DEAD RNA Helicase, in the Biogenesis of the 50S Ribosomal Subunits of Arabidopsis Chloroplasts   (2011)

The chloroplast ribosome is a large and dynamic ribonucleoprotein machine that is composed of the 30S and 50S subunits. Although the components of the chloroplast ribosome have been identified in the last decade, the molecular mechanisms driving chloroplast ribosome biogenesis remain largely elusive. Here, we show that RNA helicase 22 (RH22), a putative DEAD RNA helicase, is involved in chloroplast ribosome assembly in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). A loss of RH22 was lethal, whereas a knockdown of RH22 expression resulted in virescent seedlings with clear defects in chloroplast ribosomal RNA (rRNA) accumulation. The precursors of 23S and 4.5S, but not 16S, rRNA accumulated in rh22 mutants. Further analysis showed that RH22 was associated with the precursors of 50S ribosomal subunits. These results suggest that RH22 may function in the assembly of 50S ribosomal subunits in chloroplasts. In addition, RH22 interacted with the 50S ribosomal protein RPL24 through yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays, and it was also bound to a small 23S rRNA fragment encompassing RPL24-binding sites. This action of RH22 may be similar to, but distinct from, that of SrmB, a DEAD RNA helicase that is involved in the ribosomal assembly in Escherichia coli, which suggests that DEAD RNA helicases and rRNA structures may have coevolved with respect to ribosomal assembly and function.
The structure and function of the regulatory elements of the Escherichia coli uvrB gene (1981)

The construction and properties of recombinant plasmids carrying the Escherichia coli uvrB gene, including its transcriptional- and translational regulatory elements, is reported. The DNA sequence of the region, which governs the expression of the uvrB gene, has been determined. Within this sequence two non-overlapping DNA segments match the model sequence for Escherichia coli promoters (1). The '-10 regions' and the '-35 regions' of the proposed uvrB promoters are, respectively, 5'TAAAAT (P1), 5'TATAAT (P2) and 5'TTGGCA (P1), 5'GTGATG (P2). The existence and the position of these promoters has been established by elimination of one promoter (P2), using molecular cloning procedures, by length measurements of in vitro synthesized 'run-off' transcripts and by protection of the uvrB regulatory region for S1 nuclease digestion using in vivo made RNA. Potential sites of interaction within the uvrB regulatory region with regulatory proteins, such as the LexA protein (2) and the UvrC protein (3) are discussed.
PaMiraXT: Parallel SAT Solving with Threads and Message Passing (2009)

This article describes PaMiraXT, a powerful parallel SAT algorithm. PaMiraXT follows a master/client model based on message passing, making it suitable for any kind of workstation cluster. For the clients, MiraXT is used, which itself is thread-based
The mechanisms of antitumor effects of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (buserelin) in 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary cancer. (1999)

We evaluated the mechanism of antitumor effects of buserelin, which is one of LH-RH agonists, on a hormone dependent breast cancer model, using 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary cancer. Rats developing solid mammary tumors within 5-7 weeks following the DMBA administration were divided into groups weekly, and treated without delay. The tumor bearing rats were randomized into five groups with regard to tumor size or average weight (15 rats per group). Each group received one of the following treatments during 4 weeks: a) no treatment (NT); b) ovariectomy (Ovx); c) buserelin; d) Ovx and 17beta-estradiol (E2) (Ovx+E2); e) Ovx+E2+buserelin. Tumor regression immediately began at one week after both buserelin treatment and ovariectomy. A significant reduction of tumor size was observed in both buserelin-treated rats and Ovx rats compared with NT rats (p<0.01). No significant difference of tumor size was observed between buserelin-treated rats and ovariectomized rats. No reduction of tumor size was observed in Ovx+E2 rats and Ovx+E2+buserelin rats. Although the mean uterine wet weight of the buserelin group was significantly higher than that of the Ovx group, it was significantly lower than that of the NT group. The mean uterine wet weight of the NT group, the Ovx+E2 group and the Ovx+E2+buserelin group was similar and was significantly higher than that of the Ovx group. Buserelin did not inhibit exogenous estrogen-dependent tumor growth in DMBA-induced rat mammary cancers. These results suggest that buserelin has no direct effects on DMBA-induced rat mammary cancers, and the main mechanism of action of buserelin for tumor-reduction is due to ovarian estrogen deficiency.
Effect of Posture on Oxygenation, Lung Volume, and Respiratory Mechanics in Premature Infants Studied Before Discharge (2003)

Superior oxygenation in the prone posture in oxygen-dependent premature infants studied before discharge could be explained by higher lung volumes.
Western Blot Analysis of Adhesive Interactions under Fluid Shear Conditions: The Blot Rolling Assay (2009)

Western blotting has proven to be an important technique in analysis of receptor-ligand interactions (i.e., by ligand blotting) and for identifying molecules mediating cell attachment (i.e., by cell blotting). Conventional ligand blotting and cell blotting methods employ nondynamic (static) incubation conditions, whereby molecules or cells of interest are placed in suspension and overlaid on membranes. However, many cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesive interactions occur under fluid shear conditions, and shear stress itself mediates and/or facilitates the engagement of these physiologically appropriate receptors and ligands. Notably, shear forces critically influence the adhesion of circulating cells and platelets to vessel walls in physiologic cell migration and hemostasis, as well as in inflammatory and thrombotic disorders, cancer metastasis, and atherosclerosis. Use of nondynamic blotting conditions to analyze such interactions can introduce bias, overtly missing relevant effectors and/or exaggerating the relative role(s) of nonphysiologic adhesion molecules. To address this shortfall, we have developed a new technique for identifying binding interactions under fluid shear conditions, the "blot rolling assay." Using this method, molecules in a complex mixture are resolved by gel electrophoresis, transferred to a membrane that is rendered semi-transparent, and the membrane is then incorporated into a parallel-plate flow chamber apparatus. Under controlled flow conditions, cells or particles bearing adhesion proteins of interest are then introduced into the chamber and interactions with individual immobilized molecules (bands) can be visualized in real-time. The substrate molecule(s) supporting adhesion under fluid shear can then be identified by staining with specific antibodies or by excising the relevant band(s) and performing mass spectrometry or microsequencing of the isolated material. This method thus allows for the identification, within a complex mixture and without prior isolation or purification, of both known and previously uncharacterized adhesion molecules operational under dynamic conditions.
Resolution of bovine brain calcineurin subunits: stimulatory effect of subunit B on subunit A phosphatase activity (1985)

Calcineurin was dissociated into subunits A and B by SDS and the dissociated subunits were separated by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography in SDS. The phosphatase activity was associated with the A subunit and was detected only in the presence of MnCl2 of the various divalent cations tested. The Mn2+-dependent phosphatase of A subunit was stimulated (4-5-fold) by calmodulin. The subunit B increased only modestly Mn2+ stimulated phosphatase activity of subunit A but markedly increased it when assay also contained calmodulin. These results support the view that subunit B plays an important role in Mn2+/calmodulin regulation of subunit A phosphatase activity. They also lend further support to our earlier postulate ([1984] FEBS Lett. 169, 251-255) that Mn2+ is a powerful regulator of calcineurin phosphatase.
Case Study Research (2004)

Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research is an excellent resource for students and researchers in the areas of organization studies, management research and organizational psychology, bringing together in one volume the range of methods available for undertaking qualitative data collection and analysis. The volume includes 30 chapters, each focusing on a specific technique. The chapters cover traditional research methods, analysis techniques, and interventions as well as the latest developments in the field. Each chapter reviews how the method has been used in organizational research, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using the method, and presents a case study example of the method in use. A list of further reading is supplied for those requiring additional information about a given method. The comprehensive and accessible nature of this collection will make it an essential and lasting handbook for researchers and students studying organizations.