gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Review of Rolling Element Bearing Vibration 'Detection, Diagnosis and Prognosis', (1994)

In vivo, tibial loading in mice is increasingly used to study bone adaptation and mechanotransduction. To achieve standardized and defined experimental conditions, loading parameters and animal-related factors must be considered when performing in vivo loading studies. In this review, we discuss these loading and animal-related experimental conditions, present methods to assess bone adaptation, and suggest reporting guidelines. This review originated from presentations by each of the authors at the workshop "Developing Best Practices for Mouse Models of In Vivo Loading" during the Preclinical Models Section at the Orthopaedic Research Society Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 2017. Following the meeting, the authors engaged in detailed discussions with consideration of relevant literature. The guidelines and recommendations in this review are provided to help researchers perform in vivo loading experiments in mice, and thus further our knowledge of bone adaptation and the mechanisms involved in mechanotransduction. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:233-252, 2020.
Interplay of dFOXO and Two ETS-Family Transcription Factors Determines Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster (2014)

Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors (TFs) are key drivers of complex transcriptional programmes that determine animal lifespan. FoxOs regulate a number of other TFs, but how these TFs in turn might mediate the anti-ageing programmes orchestrated by FoxOs in vivo is unclear. Here, we identify an E-twenty six (ETS)-family transcriptional repressor, Anterior open (Aop), as regulated by the single Drosophila melanogaster FoxO (dFOXO) in the adult gut. AOP, the functional orthologue of the human Etv6/Tel protein, binds numerous genomic sites also occupied by dFOXO and counteracts the activity of an ETS activator, Pointed (Pnt), to prevent the lifespan-shortening effects of co-activation of dFOXO and PNT. This detrimental synergistic effect of dFOXO and PNT appears to stem from a mis-regulation of lipid metabolism. At the same time, AOP activity in another fly organ, the fat body, has further beneficial roles, regulating genes in common with dfoxo, such as the secreted, non-sensory, odorant binding protein (Obp99b), and robustly extending lifespan. Our study reveals a complex interplay between evolutionarily conserved ETS factors and dFOXO, the functional significance of which may extend well beyond animal lifespan.
Chemistry and Catalysis (1994)

The public and industry are becoming much more concerned over environmental issues. The effect will clearly increase the relative importance of environmental costs vs feedstock costs for current and future plants. As a result, several issues will become increasingly important and require significant research effort: processes with 100% yield (by whatever process); catalyst recovery, regeneration and recycling; heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts; chiral pharmaceutical and agrichemicals; polymer recycling and environmentally safer processes. Several of these issues will be highlighted in this paper using examples from DuPont R&D.
Treatment of alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice with the topical immunosuppressant FK506 (Tacrolimus). (2001)

Alopecia areata-like hair loss has been observed in C3H/HeJ mice and can be defined as a tissue-restricted T cell mediated disease of the hair follicle. Because FK506 has been described as suppressing T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, we addressed the question whether topical treatment of C3H/HeJ mice with FK506 has a beneficial effect on alopecia areata (AA). For this purpose six C3H/HeJ mice with AA were treated topically with 0.1% FK506 ointment, four mice received the vehicle only. Four of six FK506-treated mice showed complete hair regrowth, whereas 1/4 vehicle-treated mice regrew hair. Mice treated successfully with FK506 had reduced perifollicular infiltrates of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and a decreased expression of MHC class I and II and ICAM-1 on hair follicle epithelium, compared to control mice. We conclude that topical treatment with FK506 is able to induce hair regrowth in AA of C3H/HeJ mice, most likely by suppressing the T cell mediated immune response.
Engineering Cellular Degradation of Multilayered Capsules through Controlled Cross-Linking (2012)

We report a versatile approach for controlling the intracellular degradation of polymer capsules by tailoring the degree of cross-linking in the capsules. Poly(2-diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate) capsules were assembled by the layer-by-layer technique and covalently stabilized with a redox-responsive bisazide cross-linker using click chemistry. The degree of cross-linking, determined using radiation scintillation counting, was tuned from 65% to 98% by adjusting the amount of cross-linker used to stabilize the polymer films. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy studies showed that the pH responsiveness of the capsules was maintained, regardless of the degree of cross-linking. Atomic force microscopy measurements on planar surfaces revealed that increasing the degree of cross-linking decreased the film roughness (from 8.7 to 1.7 nm), hence forming smoother films; however the film thicknesses were not significantly altered. Cellular studies showed that the rate of intracellular degradation of the capsules could be controlled between 0 and 6 h by altering the degree of cross-linking in the polymer capsules. These studies also demonstrated that the cellular degradation of highly cross-linked capsules (>90%) was significantly retarded compared to degradation in simulated cellular conditions. This suggests that the naturally occurring cellular reducing environment is rapidly depleted, and there is a significant delay before the cells can replenish the reducing environment. The modular and versatile nature of this approach lends itself to application to a wide range of polymer carriers and thus offers significant potential for the design of polymer-based systems for drug and gene delivery.
Inhibition of tumour promotion and cell proliferation by plant polyphenols (1994)

Abstract The plant polyphenols: 2‐hydroxy chalcone, quercetin and tannic acid exhibited varying antiproliferative effects on two mouse cell lines—NIH 3T3 and L929. Whilst 2‐hydroxy chalcone and tannic acid (at 250 μM concentration) were able to exert 90% and 56% growth inhibition, respectively, quercetin at the same concentration had no effect on NIH 3T3 cells. However, these test compounds could exert significant growth inhibition on L929 cells at a concentration as low as 50 μM. At the highest concentration tested (250 μM), 2‐hydroxy chalcone, quercetin and tannic acid showed 87%, 61% and 78% growth inhibition, respectively. The observed difference in potencies of the test compounds for the two cell lines indicated that their actions are cell line specific. When tested in vivo on mice, the order of potency of the test compounds in inhibiting benzo[a]pyrene‐induced mouse skin carcinogenesis was tannic acid > 2‐hydroxy chalcone > quercetin. No correlation was observed between the efficacy of the test compounds and lipid peroxidation in vivo .
THE MORPHOLOGICAL, IN SITU EFFECTS OF A SELF-REINFORCED BIOABSORBABLE POLYLACTIDE (SR-PLA 96) URETERIC STENT; AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY (2000)

SR-PLA 96 spiral stent is regarded highly compatible and SR-PLA 96 might be a suitable material for a partial ureteric stent. Biodegradation of a SR-PLA 96 stent makes stent removal unnecessary.
Physicochimie et biochimie des protéines du lait. Données récentes (1991)

Aprs un bref rappel sur les protines en gnral, cette revue s'attache dcrire les dcouvertes les plus rcentes (10 dernires annes) concernant les protines du lait, principalement d'origines humaine et bovine. Elle voudrait conduire les industriels laitiers tenter d'utiliser ces protines en fonction de leurs activits biologiques.
Contention Window and Transmission Opportunity Adaptation for Dense IEEE 802.11 WLAN Based on Loss Differentiation (2008)

In high density (HD) WLANs, packet losses can occur due to hidden terminals (asynchronous interference) or collisions (synchronous interference). Without differentiating above packet losses, the standard backoff algorithm of IEEE 802.11 with binary exponential backoff (BEB) can greatly degrade throughput and fairness. In this work, we exploit differentiated PER (packet error rate) to propose a novel CWTO (joint contention window and transmission opportunity) adaptation algorithm to improve the aggregate throughput as well as network fairness for multi-cell HD WLANs. Contention window and transmission opportunity adaptation are dedicated to throughput maximization and fairness provision respectively and their effectiveness supported by extensive simulation results.
Networks from dicyanate of bisphenol a and diphenols (1991)

Abstract Networks were prepared by copolycyclotrimerization of aromatic dicyanates with diphenols in bulk. The main reactions and structural elements were found and the network building process was modelled by cascade theory combined with a model of the reaction kinetics. Good agreement between theory and experiment is shown.
Small-Signal Average Modeling, Simulation and Carrier-Based Linear Control of a Three-Phase Four-Leg Shunt Active Power Filter (2007)

Current harmonics caused by nonlinear loads yield major power quality related problems in the utility. Such harmonics are commonly reduced by employing static compensators known as active power filters (APF). APF topologies are of various types, depending on technical and economical requirements; and their performance is intimately related to the applied control algorithm. In this paper, a new constant-frequency linear control scheme is proposed for a shunt three-phase four-leg APF. The APF is used to compensate the current distortion and the reactive power created by a typical industrial load. The elaboration of the control law is based on a small-signal averaged model of the converter, computed in the (d,q,0) synchronous frame. The control scheme consists of multiple-loops PI controllers that ensure voltage regulation at the DC side of the filter, and current wave shaping at the AC side. The control system is implemented numerically using the Matlab/Simulink tool. The performance of the proposed control approach is finally discussed through the obtained simulation results.
Rates of carbamylation of specific lysyl residues in bovine alpha-crystallins. (1992)

Previous investigations indicate that some forms of cataract may be due to the reactions of isocyanate with lens proteins. The present investigation was directed toward identifying the products of these reactions and determining rate constants for their formation. Bovine alpha-crystallins were incubated with isocyanate and separated into alpha A- and alpha B-crystallins by reversed-phase HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). Products of the reaction of isocyanate with alpha-crystallins were analyzed by mass spectrometry and isoelectric focusing. Proteolytic digests of carbamylated alpha A were analyzed by HPLC and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry to determine the extent of reaction of each of the 7 lysyl residues present in alpha A. These results demonstrate that incubation of alpha-crystallins in 0.1 M KNCO leads to partial carbamylation of all 7 lysines of alpha A-crystallin. The extent of modification after 24 h of incubation varied from 7% at Lys 88 to 61% at Lys 11. Rate constants for the reaction of specific lysyl residues with isocyanate ranged from 5 to 54 x 10(-2) M-1 h-1. The distribution of reaction products, as determined by isoelectric focusing, indicates that the physiologically relevant initial stages of carbamylation of the 7 lysyl residues of alpha A proceed in a noncooperative manner.
<i>In vivo</i> depletion of DC impairs the anti‐tumor effect of agonistic anti‐CD137 mAb (2009)

Anti-CD137 mAb are capable of inducing tumor rejection in several syngeneic murine tumor models and are undergoing clinical trials for cancer. The anti-tumor effect involves co-stimulation of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells. Whether antigen cross-presenting DC are required for the efficacy of anti-CD137 mAb treatment has never been examined. Here we show that the administration of anti-CD137 mAb eradicates EG7-OVA tumors by a strictly CD8beta(+) T-cell-dependent mechanism that correlates with increased CTL activity. Ex vivo analyses to determine the identity of the draining lymph node cell type responsible for tumor antigen cross-presentation revealed that CD11c(+) cells, most likely DC, are the main players in this tumor model. A minute number of tumor cells, revealed by the presence of OVA cDNA, reach tumor-draining lymph nodes. Direct antigen presentation by tumor cells themselves also participates in anti-OVA CTL induction. Using CD11c diphtheria toxin receptor-green fluorescent protein-->C57BL/6 BM chimeric mice, which allow for sustained ablation of DC with diphtheria toxin, we confirmed the involvement of DC in tumor antigen cross-presentation in CTL induction against OVA(257-264) epitope and in the antitumor efficacy induced by anti-CD137 mAb.
Role of Individual Methionines in the Fibrillation of Methionine-Oxidized α-Synuclein (2004)

The aggregation of normally soluble alpha-synuclein in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Oxidative stress is believed to be a contributing factor in this disorder. We have previously established that oxidation of all four methionine residues in alpha-synuclein (to the sulfoxide, MetO) inhibits fibrillation of this protein in vitro and that the MetO protein also inhibits fibrillation of unmodified alpha-synuclein. Here we show that the degree of inhibition of fibrillation by MetO alpha-synuclein is proportional to the number of oxidized methionines. This was accomplished be selectively converting Met residues into Leu, prior to Met oxidation. The results showed that with one oxidized Met the kinetics of fibrillation were comparable to those for the control (nonoxidized), and with increasing numbers of methionine sulfoxides the kinetics of fibrillation became progressively slower. Electron microscope images showed that the fibril morphology was similar for all species examined, although fewer fibrils were observed with the oxidized forms. The presence of zinc was shown to overcome the Met oxidation-induced inhibition. Interestingly, substitution of Met by Leu led to increased propensity for aggregation (soluble oligomers) but slower formation of fibrils.
Design sensitivities to variability: extrapolations and assessments in nanometer VLSI (2003)

We propose a new framework for assessing (1) the impact of process variation on circuit performance and product value, and (2) the respective returns on investment for alternative process improvements. Elements of our framework include accurate device models and circuit simulation, along with Monte-Carlo analyses, to estimate parametric yields. We evaluate the merits of taking into account such previously unconsidered phenomena as correlations among process parameters. We also evaluate the impact of process variation with respect to such relevant metrics as parametric yield at selling point, and amount of required design guardbanding. Our experimental results yield insights into the scaling of process variation impacts through the next two ITRS technology nodes.
Direction finding in the presence of mutual coupling (1991)

An eigenstructure-based method for direction finding in the presence of sensor mutual coupling, gain, and phase uncertainties is presented. The method provides estimates of the directions-of-arrival (DOA) of all the radiating sources as well as calibration of the gain and phase of each sensor and the mutual coupling in the receiving array. The proposed algorithm is able to calibrate the array parameters without prior knowledge of the array manifold, using only signals of opportunity and avoiding the need for deploying auxiliary sources at known locations. The algorithm is described in detail, and its behavior is illustrated by numerical examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mutation in the VP-1 gene is responsible for the extended host range of a monkey B-lymphotropic papovavirus mutant capable of growing in T-lymphoblastoid cells (1986)

Monkey B-lymphotropic papovavirus (LPV) replicates only in B-lymphoblastoid cells, whereas the LPV mutant 76 (LPV-76) can grow in either B- or T-lymphoblastoid cells. The nucleotide sequence of the wild-type LPV PstI B segment was compared with that of LPV-76 PstI-B, within which the mutation responsible for the extended host range had been located. The VP-1 coding region of LPV-76 was found to have mutations, single-base substitutions causing three amino acid substitutions.
Shadowing orbits of ordinary differential equations (1994)

A new notion of shadowing of a pseudo orbit, an approximate solution, of an autonomous system of ordinary differential equations by an associated nearby true orbit is introduced. Then a general shadowing theorem for finite time, which guarantees the existence of shadowing in ordinary differential equations and provides error bounds for the distance between the true and the pseudo orbit in terms of computable quantities, is proved. The use of this theorem in numerical computations of orbits is outlined.
Performance Characteristics of Electron Transfer Dissociation Mass Spectrometry (2007)

We performed a large scale study of electron transfer dissociation (ETD) performance, as compared with ion trap collision-activated dissociation (CAD), for peptides ranging from approximately 1000 to 5000 Da (n approximately 4000). These data indicate relatively little overlap in peptide identifications between the two methods ( approximately 12%). ETD outperformed CAD for all charge states greater than 2; however, regardless of precursor charge a linear decrease in percent fragmentation, as a function of increasing precursor m/z, was observed with ETD fragmentation. We postulate that several precursor cation attributes, including peptide length, charge distribution, and total mass, could be relevant players. To examine these parameters unique ETD-identified peptides were sorted by length, and the ratio of amino acid residues per precursor charge (residues/charge) was calculated. We observed excellent correlation between the ratio of residues/charge and percent fragmentation. For peptides of a given residue/charge ratio, there is no correlation between peptide mass and percent fragmentation; instead we conclude that the ratio of residues/charge is the main factor in determining a successful ETD outcome. As charge density decreases so does the probability of non-covalent interactions that can bind a newly formed c/z-type ion pair. Recently we have described a supplemental activation approach (ETcaD) to convert these non-dissociative electron transfer product ions to useful c- and z-type ions. Automated implementation of such methods should remove this apparent precursor m/z ceiling. Finally, we evaluated the role of ion density (both anionic and cationic) and reaction duration for an ETD experiment. These data indicate that the best performance is achieved when the ion trap is filled to its space charge limit with anionic reagents. In this largest scale study of ETD to date, ETD continues to show great promise to propel the field of proteomics and, for small- to medium-sized peptides, is highly complementary to ion trap CAD.
The gust-alleviation characteristics and handling qualities of a free-wing aircraft (1970)

Free wing aircraft dynamic characteristics, discussing gust alleviation and handling qualities
Effects of biomass entrapment and carrier properties on the performance of an air‐fluidized‐bed biofilm reactor (1992)

ABSTRACT: In air‐fluidized‐bed bioreactors (AFBBR) for wastewater treatment, reactions were found to take place mainly in the biofilm formed on the surface of the carriers, even when a large number of microorganisms were immobilized in the carriers by an entrapping method. A cylindrically shaped, expanded polypropylene carrier (CEPPC) that is capable of holding a large quantity of microorganisms was developed and tested in continuous experiments. The AFBBR process was proven to be applicable to a high biological oxygen demand (BOD) loading treatment, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the AFBBR process was determined to be higher than that of the fill‐and‐draw type activated sludge process.
Gasoline Direct Injection - A Promising Engine Concept for Future Demands (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper summarises the potential for the use of a gasoline direct injection engine for fuel economy benefits. Various engine technologies are compared for the greatest reduction in fuel consumption at the steady state point 2000rpm/2 bar. This is an important driving point in the EU cycle. The direct injection engine when used in an unthrottled lean stratified mode shows the greatest potential. Calculations show a fuel economy of a middle class vehicle can be increased by 12% using a DI over the EU cycle.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The catalytic aftertreatment system is discussed and it is concluded that a close coupled pre-catalyst, a NO<sub>x</sub> trap and double injection are a good overall solution for the minimisation of exhaust gas emissions from a DI engine.</div>
Specificity and distribution of alpha antigens of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium marinum. (1984)

Specificity of antigenic determinants in alpha antigens of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium marinum was investigated in 170 strains classified into 16 species of slowly growing mycobacteria by the agar gel diffusion technique using the respective absorbed anti-alpha serum. The specific antigenic determinants in alpha antigen of M. kansasii were detected in all of the 20 strains classified as M. kansasii, and not in strains belonging to other species. The specific antigenic determinants in alpha antigen of M. marinum were only detected in all of the 13 strains classified as M. marinum. These results suggest that the absorbed anti-alpha-M. kansasii and -M. marinum serums are useful for serologic identification of these species of slowly growing mycobacteria.
FDA Considers a New Paradigm For Over-the-Counter Medications: More Power-but More Burdens-for Pharmacists and Pharmacies. (2012)

The Scott and White (S&W) Health Plan, which covers more than 50 counties in central, east, and west Texas, owns 12 drugstores that are part of the health plan network. This network also includes 2,400 physicians, 30 hospitals, and another 400 independent community pharmacies. Twelve pharmacists shuttle between the 12 company-owned S&W drugstores each day to perform their duties because of a collaborative practice agreement that they and one of the health plan’s physicians signed. Each pharmacist has completed either a 12-month, postdoctoral training program in ambulatory pharmacy practice or a special certification program. The 12 pharmacists saw 500 diabetic patients in 2011. Each patient agreed to an initial 1-hour visit with one of the pharmacists and 15- to 30-minute follow-up monthly visits. For agreeing to participate in the diabetes-control program, health plan members were relieved of copays and were given other concessions.