gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Benzyl‐N‐ethylaniline. An Alternative Synthesis Approach. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Regenerated cellulose fibers as impact modifier in long jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: Effect on mechanical properties, morphology, and fiber breakage (2014)

ABSTRACT Polypropylene/jute fiber (PP‐J) composites with various concentrations of viscose fibers (VF) as impact modifiers and maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as a compatibilizer have been studied. The composite materials were manufactured using direct long fiber thermoplastic (D‐LFT) extrusion and compression molding. The effect of fiber length, after the extrusion process, on composites mechanical performance and toughness was investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of soft and tough VF on the PP‐J improved the energy absorption of the composites. The higher impact strength was found with the addition of 10 wt % of the impact modifier, but the increased concentration of the impact modifier affected the tensile and flexural properties negatively. Similarly, HDT values were reduced with addition of viscose fibers whereas the addition of 2 wt % of maleated polypropylene significantly improved the overall composite properties. The microscopic analysis clearly demonstrated longer fiber pullouts on the optimized impact modified composite. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 41301.
Enhanced reflectivity contrast in confocal solid immersion lens microscopy (2000)

The reflected image of a diffraction limited focused spot is investigated using confocal solid immersion microscopy. We find that the spot’s image shows aberrations when reflected off objects with optical indexes lower than that of the solid immersion lens (SIL) material. We demonstrate that such aberrations are only apparent and that the actual size of the spot at the SIL/object interface remains diffraction limited. The aberrations are due to lateral waves at the SIL surface. These von Schmidt waves originate from the total internal reflected components of a diverging spherical wave front. We make use of this image aberration in conjunction with the spatial filtering inherent to confocal microscopy in order to dramatically enhance the optical contrast of objects with low optical indexes.
SAT-based unbounded symbolic model checking (2005)

This paper describes a Boolean satisfiability checking (SAT)-based unbounded symbolic model-checking algorithm. The conjunctive normal form is used to represent sets of states and transition relation. A logical operation on state sets is implemented as an operation on conjunctive normal form formulas. A satisfy-all procedure is proposed to compute the existential quantification required in obtaining the preimage and fix point. The proposed satisfy-all procedure is implemented by modifying a SAT procedure to generate all the satisfying assignments of the input formula, which is based on new efficient techniques such as line justification to make an assignment covering more search space, excluding clause management, and two-level logic minimization to compress the set of found assignments. In addition, a cache table is introduced into the satisfy-all procedure. It is a difficult problem for a satisfy-all procedure to detect the case that a previous result can be reused. This paper shows that the case can be detected by comparing sets of undetermined variables and clauses. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can check more circuits than binary decision diagram-based and previous SAT-based model-checking algorithms.
MATERIAL NUFTON: ANALISIS PENGARUH NYA PADA MOTOR KIPAS ANGIN KECIL (PORTABLE) (2017)

ABSTRAK T e l ah d i tel i t i p e ngaruh ma t e ri a l n ufton (nomo r p at en : P981695) t e rh adap kum p aran rot o r motor DC ke cil y ang bi a sa d i guna k a n untuk me mut ar baling - b a l ing k i p as a n gin kec i l (portable) . Titik berat pengujian adalah untuk membuktikan adanya peningkatan gaya tarik d an atau res po n sifny a ( tan gg a p ) dari motor setelah permukaan kumpa ra n d il a pisi d en gan material nufto n . . Peneliti a n ini muncul dari fe nom ena motor listrik kecil  yang  berubah  s i fat ke listri kannya  ya i tu  lebih  se dikit menarik  energi listrik  untuk memutar porosnya ( d en gan beban y a ng sam a) s ebaga i akiba t pela pisan m aterial nufton ters e but . P enemu ma t erial nu ft on b e rh i pote sa bahwa na ikny a efisie n si motor listrik keci l te rsebut disebabkan pengaru h nufton yang dapat menaikkan response gerakan roto r j a n g k ar ji k a ku m paran kawat berlapis nufton dia l iri a l iran listrik yang terputu s- put u s ( oleh sikat m otor - c ommutator ) . N a m u n demikian dalam pene lit ian yan g dila ku kan m e nunjukkan bahwa naik n ya e fisiens i m oto r ters e but buka n hanya k arena naiknya resp onse tersebut, t eta pi juga suatu rekayasa tekni k p a d a k um paran roto r menggunakan ma te rial n u fto n -  b ukan h a n ya se kedar k umparan rot o r dio les nuft on se p erti inf ormasi yang berke m bang . ABSTRA CT T he nufton materia l ( P a t . N o.: P 981695) e ffect on a rotor co i l of small DC electri c mo tor used as a portable fan has been i nvestigated . The emphasis of the investig a t i on i s to prove w h et her or not that the nufton material increases the attarctive force and or i ts time respo n se of the coil after the coil has been  coated by the nufton on its surface . This investigat i o n o c c urre d after a fenomenon of two si milar small DC  electric motors in which one of the m h a s been coat e d with nufton on its armature coil . The motor h aving  nufton material shows qualitatively consume less electric energy t ha n one w ithout the n u ft on for the same loading. The nufton material inventor gives some hypotesas t ha t the i nc reas e of t h e e ffi c ien c y of the motor because the nufton material has increased the performance of t i me c ons t a nt ( na t ura l response) of the armature coil . The nufton material coated on coil will have s uch chara cteri stic s if the current flowing on the coil discontinuously (pulse-alike) and it has been done by the comm u t at or circu i t s o f the motor. However, the reaserch and experiment conducted in this investigation s how s tha t the e fficie ncy in c rease of the motor i s not only because of increase its time constant performance, but also by other t echnical engineering modification on it : a rma rt ure coil using the nufton material - n o t j ust simp l y coa ti n g the rotor coil using nufton material as what the rumo r sa ys.
Netherlands Orthopedic Society: Enschede January 16-17, 1992 (1993)

(1993). Netherlands Orthopedic Society: Enschede January 16-17, 1992. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 64, No. sup253, pp. 1-11.
Transformational Leadership in Human Service Organizations (2005)

ABSTRACT Continuing interest in social work leadership is occurring in the 21st century. This study examines leadership in human service organizations. Members of ACOSA and the National Network for Social Work Managers were asked to consider an organization, and then to assess the leadership style of a leader using the MLQ-5R (Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire), along with characteristics of the organization within which the leader worked. A transformational (vs. transactional or laissez-faire) leadership style was most often attributed to the leaders by respondents. The transformational leadership style and the “democratic” (vs.“authoritarian”) organization were correlated with successful leadership outcomes.
PROPOSED RESONATOR FOR AN X-RAY LASER (1967)

A simple scheme for an x-ray laser resonator is proposed. It involves a three-dimensional ``puckered-ring'' type arrangement of crystals set at the Bragg angle. The polarization eigenmodes and losses are discussed for such a system.
Reactive Dyes Containing Halobenzane Nucleus (1962)

Reactive dyes of halobenzene type having activated halogen atom were synthsized. Acid dyes of azo-, anthraquinone, and. phthalocyanine type having amino group capable of acylation, were acylated with halonitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and halonitrobenzoyl chloride, such asand new reactive dyes of next general formulas were obtained.Where D=color component, -NHSO2- or -NHCO- and -NO2 are in o- or p-position to halogen.Those dyes which contain activated fluorine atom, such as (1), (2) and (3) type-especially (1) and (2)-, dye cotton, wool, silk and nylon in the presence of alkali by chemical combination. Dyed fabrics thus obtained were very fast against washing and soaping.
Gene Cloning and Expression and Secretion of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Bacteriophage-Lytic Enzymes in <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> (2000)

Bacteriophage lysins (Ply), or endolysins, are phage-encoded cell wall lytic enzymes which are synthesized late during virus multiplication and mediate the release of progeny virions. Bacteriophages of the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes encode endolysin enzymes which specifically hydrolyze the cross-linking peptide bridges in Listeria peptidoglycan. Ply118 is a 30.8-kDa L-alanoyl-D-glutamate peptidase and Ply511 (36.5 kDa) acts as N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase. In order to establish dairy starter cultures with biopreservation properties against L. monocytogenes contaminations, we have introduced ply118 and ply511 into Lactococcus lactis MG1363 by using a pTRKH2 backbone. The genes were expressed under control of the lactococcal promoter P32, which proved superior to other promoters (P21 and P59) tested in this study. High levels of active enzymes were produced and accumulated in the cytoplasmic cell fractions but were not released from the cells at significant levels. Therefore, ply511 was genetically fused with the (SP)slpA nucleotide sequence encoding the Lactobacillus brevis S-layer protein signal peptide. Expression of (SP)slpA-ply511 from pSL-PL511 resulted in secretion of functional Ply511 enzyme from L. lactis cells. One clone expressed an unusually strong lytic activity, which was found to be due to a 115-bp deletion that occurred within the 3'-end coding sequence of (SP)slpA-ply511, which caused a frameshift mutation and generated a stop codon. Surprisingly, the resulting carboxy-terminal deletion of 80 amino acids in the truncated Ply511 Delta(S262-K341) mutant polypeptide strongly increased its lytic activity. Proteolytic processing of the secretion competent (SP)SlpA-Ply511 propeptide following membrane translocation had no influence on enzyme activity. Immunoblotting experiments using both cytoplasmic and supernatant fractions indicated that the enzyme was quantitatively exported from the cells and secreted into the surrounding medium, where it caused rapid lysis of L. monocytogenes cells. Moreover, transformation of pSL-PL511 delta C into L. lactis Bu2-129, a lactose-utilizing strain that can be employed for fermentation of milk, also resulted in secretion of functional enzyme and showed that the vector is compatible with the native lactococcal plasmids.
Properties of piezoelectric ceramics in the solid-solution series lead titanate-lead zirconate-lead oxide: Tin oxide and lead titanate-lead hafnate (1955)

Co mpositional proximity to a morphotropic t ransformation between two ferroelectric solid-s olution phases seems to yie ld ceramic transducers having desirable properties over a wide range of te mperature. Examples of t his phenomenon were observed in the systems PbTi03-PbZr03, PbTi03-PbO:Sn02, PbTi03-PbZr03-PbO:SnO" and PbTi03-PbHf03. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramics having compos itions in these syste ms and in t he system PbZr03-PbO:Sn02 are described .
Nuevas versiones literarias de los cuentos tipo ATU 1848 y ATU 1848A en la Península ibérica (2018)

espanolEl objetivo de este articulo es presentar versiones literarias novedosas sobre dos cuentos folcloricos, los tipos ATU 1848 y ATU 1848A, relacionados por su tematica y su motivo principal. En uno y otro caso, se documentan versiones no mencionadas hasta ahora en la bibliografia precedente sobre ambos cuentos. Estas versiones se localizan todas en la Peninsula Iberica y se encuentran en distintas obras de la literatura espanola y la arabe andalusi, respectivamente. En la primera parte del articulo, se demuestra que los ecos del cuento tipo ATU 1848 –presente en La Nueva floresta de Bernardo Ma de Calzada (1790) y El libro de los cuentos de Rafael Boira (1862)– llegaron a Espana a traves de escritores franceses. El relato sirve igualmente para probar que la coleccion de Calzada fue una de donde obtuvo materiales Boira. Por su parte, la version de Ibn ‘Asim (m. 1426) que ofrecemos seria la primera documentada hasta el momento del tipo ATU 1848A, pues precede en mas de un siglo la que hasta ahora conociamos. EnglishThe aim of this article is to present new literary versions of two folktales: the types ATU 1848 and ATU 1848A, which share their main topic and motif. We have found several versions of these tales, which are not mentioned in the previous existing bibliography about them. All these versions are located in the Iberian Peninsula, in different works of Spanish and Andalusian literature, respectively. In the first part of the paper, we prove that the echoes of the tale type ATU 1848 –found in La Nueva floresta by Bernardo Ma de Calzada (1790) and El libro de los cuentos by Rafael Boira (1862)– came to Spain through French writers. The story also can be used as an argument for proving that Boira obtained some materials from Calzada’s compilation. On the other hand, we present a version included in Ibn Asim’s (d. 1426) repertoire of tales, becoming the first documented version of the tale type ATU 1848A, because it precedes –for more than a century– the one that we knew until now.
Compression scheme for faster and secure data transmission over networks (2005)

The compression algorithms reduce the redundancy in data representation to decrease the storage required for that data. Data compression offers an attractive approach to reducing communication costs by using available bandwidth effectively. There has been an unprecedented increase in the amount of digital data transmitted via networks especially through the Internet and mobile cellular networks, over the last decade. Digital data represent text, images, video, sound, computer programs, etc. With this trend expected to continue, it makes sense to pursue research on developing algorithms that can most effectively use available network bandwidth by maximally compressing data. A strategy called intelligent dictionary based encoding (IDBE) in conjunction with Burrows Wheeler Transform (BWT) is discussed to achieve this. It has been observed that a preprocessing of the text prior to conventional compression will improve the compression efficiency much better. The intelligent dictionary based encoding provides some level of confidentiality. The experimental results of this compression method are also analyzed.
The Impact of Utility Balance and Endogeneity in Conjoint Analysis (2005)

Adaptive metric utility balance is at the heart of one of the most widely used and studied methods for conjoint analysis. We use formal models, simulations, and empirical data to suggest that adaptive metric utility balance leads to partworth estimates that are relatively biased—smaller partworths are upwardly biased relative to larger partworths. Such relative biases could lead to erroneous managerial decisions. Metric utility-balanced questions are also more likely to be inefficient and, in one empirical example, contrary to popular wisdom, lead to response errors that are at least as large as nonadaptive orthogonal questions. We demonstrate that this bias is because of endogeneity caused by a “winner’s curse.” Shrinkage estimates do not mitigate these biases. Combined with adaptive metric utility balance, shrinkage estimates of heterogeneous partworths are biased downward relative to homogeneous partworths. Although biases can affect managerial decisions, our data suggest that, empirically, biases and inefficiencies are of the order of response errors. We examine viable alternatives to metric utility balance that researchers can use without biases or inefficiencies to retain the desired properties of (1) individual-level adaptation and (2) challenging questions.
Transgenic Mice Expressing Cre-Recombinase Specifically in Retinal Rod Bipolar Neurons (2005)

A mouse BAC-Pcp2-IRES-Cre transgenic line that expresses Cre-recombinase in retinal rod bipolar neurons has been established. Because mutations in some ubiquitously expressed genes may result in retinal degenerative diseases, the mouse strain BAC-Pcp2-IRES-Cre will be a useful new tool for investigating the effects of retinal rod bipolar cell-specific gene inactivation.
RPE65 Operates in the Vertebrate Visual Cycle by Stereospecifically Binding All-<i>trans</i>-Retinyl Esters (2003)

RPE65 is a major protein of unknown function found associated with the retinyl pigment epithelial (RPE) membranes [Hamel, C. P., Tsilou, E., Pfeffer, B. A., Hooks, J. J., Detrick, B., and Redmond, T. M. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 15751-15757; Bavik, C. O., Levy, F., Hellman, U., Wernstedt, C., and Eriksson, U. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20540-20546]. RPE65 knockouts fail to synthesize 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin, and accumulate all-trans-retinyl esters in the RPE. Previous studies have also shown that RPE65 is specifically labeled with all-trans-retinyl ester based affinity labeling agents, suggesting a retinyl ester binding role for the protein. In the present work, we show that purified RPE65 binds all-trans-retinyl palmitate (tRP) with a K(D) = 20 pM. These quantitative experiments are performed by measuring the quenching of RPE65 fluorescence by added tRP. The binding for tRP is highly specific because 11-cis-retinyl palmitate binds with a K(D) = 14 nM, 11-cis-retinol binds with a K(D) = 3.8 nM, and all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) binds with a K(D) = 10.8 nM. This stereospecificity for tRP is to be compared to the binding of retinoids to BSA, where virtually no discrimination is found in the binding of the same retinoids. This work provides further evidence that RPE65 functions by binding to and mobilizing the highly hydrophobic all-trans-retinyl esters, allowing them to enter the visual cycle.
Think to Move: a Neuromagnetic Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) System for Chronic Stroke (2008)

These results suggest that volitional control of neuromagnetic activity features recorded over central scalp regions can be achieved with BCI training after stroke, and used to control grasping actions through a mechanical hand orthosis.
The Future of International Mediated Settlement Agreements: Of Conventions, Challenges and Choices (2015)

In 2002, UNCITRAL developed the Model Law on International Commercial Conciliation. Although at that stage there was a strong effort to develop a uniform enforcement mechanism, the ultimate conclusion was that because of the great variance in the technicalities of domestic procedural laws, harmonisation by way of uniform legislation was not feasible. Nevertheless, in 2014, the United States put forward a proposal to UNICTRAL, calling for the development of a multilateral convention on the enforceability of international commercial settlement agreements reached through conciliation, with the goal of encouraging conciliation in the same way that the New York Convention facilitated the growth of arbitration. This article considers whether such a multilateral convention is the best way forward, through an examination of both scholastic and empirical research. It also discusses the challenges that will be faced by an enforcement convention. However, before an enforcement convention comes to pass, various mechanisms are already available for parties to choose from to enforce their mediated settlements, including recording the settlement as an order of court and an arbitral award.
Lovastatin induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in human breast cells occurs in a cell cycle-independent fashion. (1997)

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) p21, p27, p16, and p15 are an essential and integral part of cell cycle regulation. Studies on the expression of these inhibitors in normal versus tumor human breast cancer cells revealed that although p27 and p16 are expressed at higher levels in tumor cells, p21 and p15 expression were higher in normal cells. Analysis on the expression pattern of these proteins throughout the cell cycle in synchronized cells demonstrated a substantial increase in p21 during the S-phase in normal cells and barely detectable expression of p21 in any phase of the tumor cell cycle. Levels of p15, p16, and p27 remained relatively constant throughout the cell cycle of normal and tumor cells. Synchronization of tumor cells by lovastatin, which arrests cells in G1, resulted in increased levels of p21 and p27 with a concomitant decrease in cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated kinase activity. Synchronization of cells by double-thymidine block did not result in the induction of p21 or p27. These observations suggest that lovastatin causes a profound cell cycle-independent alteration of CKI expression which is distinct from growth factor deprivation or thymidine block.
Cathepsin L in secretory vesicles functions as a prohormone-processing enzyme for production of the enkephalin peptide neurotransmitter (2003)

Multistep proteolytic mechanisms are essential for converting proprotein precursors into active peptide neurotransmitters and hormones. Cysteine proteases have been implicated in the processing of proenkephalin and other neuropeptide precursors. Although the papain family of cysteine proteases has been considered the primary proteases of the lysosomal degradation pathway, more recent studies indicate that functions of these enzymes are linked to specific biological processes. However, few protein substrates have been described for members of this family. We show here that secretory vesicle cathepsin L is the responsible cysteine protease of chromaffin granules for converting proenkephalin to the active enkephalin peptide neurotransmitter. The cysteine protease activity was identified as cathepsin L by affinity labeling with an activity-based probe for cysteine proteases followed by mass spectrometry for peptide sequencing. Production of [Met]enkephalin by cathepsin L occurred by proteolytic processing at dibasic and monobasic prohormone-processing sites. Cellular studies showed the colocalization of cathepsin L with [Met]enkephalin in secretory vesicles of neuroendocrine chromaffin cells by immunofluorescent confocal and immunoelectron microscopy. Functional localization of cathepsin L to the regulated secretory pathway was demonstrated by its cosecretion with [Met]enkephalin. Finally, in cathepsin L gene knockout mice, [Met]enkephalin levels in brain were reduced significantly; this occurred with an increase in the relative amounts of enkephalin precursor. These findings indicate a previously uncharacterized biological role for secretory vesicle cathepsin L in the production of [Met]enkephalin, an endogenous peptide neurotransmitter.