gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Chinese Crude Drug Prescriptions on Experimental Arthritis (1995)

San-Miao-Warn (SMW), Tuhwo-Jih-Shen-Tang (TJS) and Dang-Quei-Nian-Tong-Tang (DGT) are Chinese traditional prescriptions. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of these crude drug prescriptions in carrageenan-induced acute arthritis and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic arthritis in rats. It was found that pretreatment with SMW, TJS or DGT at a dosage of 100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg, significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced acute arthritis. Moreover, these crude drugs also significantly suppressed the development of chronic arthritis induced by CFA. These results suggest that SMW, TJS and DGT are potential anti-inflammatory agents and may be considered as alternatives for non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).
Analytical Evaluation of Particle-Enhanced Immunonephelometric Assays for C-Reactive Protein, Serum Amyloid a and Mannose-Binding Protein in Human Serum (1998)

Against a background of growing interest in more sensitive assays for quantifying various acute phase proteins, we evaluated the performance of recently developed tests for C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and mannose-binding protein (MBP) on the Behring nephelometer II (BNII). Sample results outside the calibration ranges of 3.5 to 220 mg/L for CRP, 3.3 to 215 mg/L for SAA and 0.09 to 5.6 mg/L for MBP were automatically re-measured at another dilution. The lower limits of detection were 0.01, 0.7 and 0.01 mg/L for CRP, SAA and MBP, respectively. The coefficients of variation (CV) for intra- (n > or = 20) and inter- (n > or = 15) assay precision were < 5.2% and < 8.5%, respectively, for the three proteins at concentrations representing low, normal and high. Linearity for each method was within 5% of the expected values throughout the calibration range. We observed no significant interference from bilirubin (up to 300 mg/L) or haemoglobin (up to 10 g/ L) for the three tests. Method comparison studies performed for CRP and SAA yielded the following results: y (CRP on BNII) = 0.75x (ELISA, Hemagen) -0.25 mg/L (r = 0.981, Sy/x = 2.1 mg/L; y (SAA on BNII) = 1.44x (ELISA, Hemagen) -9.9 mg/L (r = 0.972, Sy/x = 6.9 mg/L), where ELISA is enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reference intervals established in 261 adult blood donors (aged 36.2 +/- 9.0 years) were found to be log-normal with 2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th centiles of < 0.17, 1.00 and 10.1 mg/L for CRP, < 0.84, 2.10 and 9.70 mg/L for SAA; and 0.30, 1.28 and 4.10 mg/L for MBP. We observed no relationship with CRP concentration and age; however, SAA levels increased with age while MBP levels decreased. The BNII provides a simple, rapid and sensitive system for measuring CRP, SAA and MBP in human serum.
[Acute thoracic injuries. A retrospective study of treatment and results]. (1990)

One hundred and twelve patients with severe chest trauma, were evaluated retrospectively. Chest tubulation was sufficient treatment in 64% cases, with hemo/pneumothorax, while 36% underwent thoracotomy. It may be life-threatening if tubulation is not performed in patients with chest trauma, treated with respiratory therapy. The overall mortality was 18%. Most often mortality was related to ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome) (Pontoppidans' categories, severe and moderate respiratory failure) and the cause was pulmonary failure and/or multiorgan failure. Infections (pneumonia and sepsis) are often related to pulmonary failure and probably influence its progress to ARDS.
Host Identity Protocol Location Privacy Extensions (2006)

This memo describes a framework for the Host Identity Protocol that
provides location privacy and mobility to end hosts. It discusses the
introduction of a new functional entity that prevents HIP enabled
nodes from revealing their location.
The beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial (CARET) for chemoprevention of lung cancer in high risk populations: smokers and asbestos-exposed workers. (1994)

CARET is a multicenter, two-armed, double-masked randomized chemoprevention trial in Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Baltimore, Connecticut, and Irvine, to test whether oral administration of beta-carotene (30 mg/day) plus retinyl palmitate (25,000 IU/day) can decrease the incidence of lung cancer in high risk populations, namely, heavy smokers and asbestos-exposed workers. The intervention combines the antioxidant action of beta-carotene and the tumor suppressor mechanism of vitamin A. As of April 30, 1993, CARET had randomized 1,845 participants in the 1985-1988 pilot phase plus 13,260 "efficacy" participants since 1989; of these, 4,000 are asbestos-exposed males and 11,105 are smokers and former smokers (44% female). Accrual is complete everywhere except Irvine, which was the last center added (1991), and the safety profile of the regimen to date has been excellent. With 14,420 smokers, 4,010 asbestos-exposed participants, and 114,100 person-years through February 1998, we expect CARET to be capable of detecting a 23% reduction in lung cancer incidence in the two populations combined and 27, 49, 32, and 35% reductions in the smokers, female smokers, male smokers, and asbestos-exposed subgroups, respectively. CARET is highly complementary to the alpha-tocopherol-beta-carotene study in Finland and the Harvard Physicians Health Study (beta-carotene alone) in the National Cancer Institute portfolio of major cancer chemoprevention trials.
Low-Cost Protein Sources, Protein-Rich Mixture Based on Vegetable Foods Available in Middle Eastern Countries (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLow-Cost Protein Sources, Protein-Rich Mixture Based on Vegetable Foods Available in Middle Eastern CountriesKarl Guggenheim and Shlomo SzmelemanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1965, 13, 2, 148–152Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60138a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60138a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
THE EFFECT OF ALKYLATING AGENTS ON MALE RAT FERTILITY (1959)

The effects of tumour inhibitory doses of tretamine (triethylenemelamine), busulphan, and melphalan on the fertility of male rats have been examined. The aromatic nitrogen mustard, melphalan, was inactive, but busulphan has a highly selective action on spermatogenesis which contrasts strikingly with that of tretamine. The main action of tretamine was exerted upon spermatocytes or spermatids, but, with increasing dose, the effects spread to involve a wide range of spermatogenic cells including mature sperm, so that infertility could be induced very rapidly. Busulphan, however, interfered with the development of spermatogonia for several weeks, although other germinal cells were unaffected and continued to develop into mature spermatozoa. This accounted for the continuation of normal fertility for 7 weeks after a dose, before sterility suddenly developed. The antifertility activity of tretamine could be simulated by a variety of other ethyleneimino compounds, potency being greatest in trifunctional and least in monofunctional compounds. The latter were, however, very destructive to the seminiferous epithelium with increasing dose. In the rat, there appeared to be no definite relationship between the ability of alkylating substances to interfere with the activity of normal and pathological proliferating tissues, as represented by the germinal epithelium, haematopoietic, and tumour tissue. Although carcinogenicity was a biological property of alkylating agents, other chemical types of carcinogen did not interfere with fertility.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Individuals With the Electrocardiographic Pattern of Right Bundle-Branch Block and ST-Segment Elevation in Precordial Leads V <sub>1</sub> to V <sub>3</sub> (2002)

Background — The electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle-branch block with ST-segment elevation in leads V 1 to V 3 is increasingly recognized among patients who have aborted sudden cardiac death, but also in asymptomatic individuals, raising questions about its prognostic significance. Methods and Results — The clinical, electrophysiological, and follow-up data of 334 patients with the Brugada phenotype were analyzed. A total of 79 women and 255 men with a mean age at diagnosis of 42±16 years were studied. The abnormal ECG was recognized after a resuscitated cardiac arrest in 71 patients (group A), after a syncopal episode in 73 patients (group B), and in 190 asymptomatic individuals (group C). Sustained ventricular arrhythmias were inducible in 83%, 63%, and 33% of patients in group A, group B, and group C, respectively. During 54±54 and 26±36 months of follow-up, respectively, 62% of patients in group A and 19% of group B patients had a new arrhythmic event. Inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias was the only predictor of arrhythmia occurrence in both groups. During a mean follow-up of 27±29 months, 8% of group C individuals had a first arrhythmic event. In these individuals, inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias and a basal abnormal ECG were predictors of arrhythmia occurrence. Conclusions — An ECG showing right bundle-branch block and ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads is a marker of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. Recurrence of malignant arrhythmias is high after the occurrence of symptoms. Among asymptomatic individuals, those with a spontaneously abnormal ECG and inducible to ventricular arrhythmias have the poorer prognosis.
Effect of Natural Organic Substances on the Surface and Adsorptive Properties of Environmental Black Carbon (Char):  Attenuation of Surface Activity by Humic and Fulvic Acids (2006)

Black carbon (BC) plays a potentially important role in the availability of pollutants in soils and sediments. Recent evidence points to the possible attenuation of the high surface activity of raw BC by natural substances. We studied the effects of soil humic (HA) and fulvic (FA) acids on the surface properties and affinity for organic compounds of synthesized wood charcoal. Char powder suspended in a solution of HA or FA was loaded with organic matter via adsorption, evaporation of the water, or coflocculation with Al3+. These treatments were chosen to simulate initial and more advanced stages of environmental exposure. Coevaporation dramatically reduced the N2 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller total surface area of the char, but only moderately the CO2 cumulative surface area up to 1.4 nm. Organic compound adsorption was suppressed in proportion to molecular size, benzene < naphthalene < phenanthrene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene < phenanthrene, for humics in the adsorbed and coflocculated states, respectively. Humic substances also increased the linearity of the isotherms. The model we propose assumes that humic substances are restricted to the external surface where they act as pore blocking agents or competitive adsorbates, depending on the temperature and adsorbate size. Nitrogen is blocked from the internal pore space due to stiffness at 77 K of humic strands extending into pore throats, giving an artificially low surface area. Together with previous results, this finding indicates that N2 may not detect BC microporosity in geosorbents. At higher temperatures (CO2, 273 K; organics, 293 K), humic strands are more flexible, allowing access to interior pores. The counterintuitive molecular size dependence of adsorption suppression by humics is due to a molecular sieving effect in pores in which the adsorption space available to the organic compound is more and more restricted to external sites.
A 4-tesla superconducting whole-body magnet for MR imaging and spectroscopy (1988)

The magnet, weighing 10 tons, is part of a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device devoted to in vivo research studies at magnetic fields significantly higher than 2 T. The stored energy of the adiabatically stable six-coil system is 39 MJ at 4 T. The rated current is 376 A. Superconducting and resistive shim-coils together with iron shims reduce the bare magnet inhomogeneity of 100 p.p.m. down to less than 5 p.p.m. in a 50-cm diameter spherical volume. The magnet operates in persistent mode with the current leads retracted. The field drift is less than 3*10/sup -8//h. A small helium refrigerator is used both to cool the two radiation shields of the cryostat and the current leads and to reliquify the evaporating helium gas. Results of coil design, analysis of forces and stresses, quench protection, cryostat design, and magnet operation are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Direct Route to 3‐(<scp>D</scp>‐Ribofuranosyl)pyridine Nucleosides (1991)

Abstract A route for synthesizing C ‐nucleosides with 2,6‐substituted pyridines as heterocyclic aglycones is described. Condensation of appropriately substituted lithiated pyridines with ribono‐1,4‐lactone derivatives yields hemiacetal 4a – g ( Table 1 ), which can be reduced by Et 3 SiH and BF 3 ·Et 2 O to the corresponding C ‐nucleoside (see Scheme 1 for 4d → β‐ D ‐ 5 ). Conditions are presented that optimize the amount of the 2,6‐dichloropyridine‐derived β‐ D ‐anomer β‐ D ‐ 5 formed ( Table 3 ). Aminolysis of β‐ D ‐ 5 yields the diaminonucleoside 14 ( Scheme 3 ).
Enhanced Resistance of Mice to Virulent Japanese B Encephalitis Virus following Inactivated Vaccine and Poly I:C (1970)

Journal Article Enhanced Resistance of Mice to Virulent Japanese B Encephalitis Virus following Inactivated Vaccine and Poly I:C Get access Balwant Singh, Balwant Singh From the Department of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bosko Postic Bosko Postic From the Department of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 122, Issue 4, October 1970, Pages 339–342, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/122.4.339 Published: 01 October 1970 Article history Received: 11 June 1970 Published: 01 October 1970
On-line gain tuning using RFNN for linear synchronous motor (2002)

In this study an integral-proportional (IP) controller with on-line gain tuning using a recurrent fuzzy-neural-network (RFNN) is proposed to control a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) drive system. First, the structure and operating principle of the PMLSM are described in detail. Second, an IP controller with gain-tuning using a RFNN is proposed to control the position of the moving table of the PMLSM achieve high-precision position control with robustness. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the RFNN online. Then, an IP controller with gain tuning using a RFNN is implemented in a PC-based computer control system. Finally, the effectiveness of an IP controller with gain tuning using a RFNN controlled PMLSM drive system is demonstrated by some experimental results. Accurate tracking response and superior dynamic performance can be obtained due to the powerful online learning capability of the RFNN. Furthermore, an IP controller with gain tuning using a RFNN is robust with regard to parametric variations.
Immune responses to ectoparasites of horses, with a focus on insect bite hypersensitivity (2014)

Horses are affected by a wide variety of arthropod ectoparasites, ranging from lice which spend their entire life on the host, through ticks which feed over a period of days, to numerous biting insects that only transiently visit the host to feed. The presence of ectoparasites elicits a number of host responses including innate inflammatory responses, adaptive immune reactions and altered behaviour; all of which can reduce the severity of the parasite burden. All of these different responses are linked through immune mechanisms mediated by mast cells and IgE antibodies which have an important role in host resistance to ectoparasites, yet immune responses also cause severe pathological reactions. One of the best described examples of such pathological sequelae is insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) of horses; an IgE-mediated type 1 hypersensitivity to the salivary proteins of Culicoides spp. associated with T-helper-2 production of IL4 and IL13. Importantly, all horses exposed to Culicoides have an expanded population of Culicoides antigen-specific T cells with this pattern of cytokine production, but in those which remain healthy, the inflammatory reaction is tempered by the presence of FoxP3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells that express IL10 and TGF-beta, which suppresses the IL4 production by Culicoides antigen-activated T cells.
Antitumor anthracycline antibiotics. Structure-activity and structure-cardiotoxicity relationships of rubidazone analogs (1978)

A series of rubidazone analogues (4-14) with varying phenyl group substituents was prepared. The effect of these compounds on inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis in cultured cells, on in vivo antitumor properties, and on cardiotoxicity was examined. Substituent effects on drug-DNA binding as indicated by DNA melting temperature measurements were also investigated. Substituent effects were essentially absent among the rubidazone analogues in in vivo and in vitro test systems which measure cytotoxic characteristics; however, the rubidazone analogues varied substantially in their cardiotoxic effects and this variation was closely correlated with the electronic character of the phenyl substituent.
<i>Confluence</i> (2007)

We present Confluence, an enhancement to a desktop file search tool called Confluence which extracts conceptual relationships between files by their temporal access patterns in the file system. A limitation of a purely file-based approach is that as file operations are increasingly abstracted by applications, their correlation to a user's activity weakens and thereby reduces the applicability of their temporal patterns. To deal with this problem, we augment the file event stream with a stream of window focus events from the UI layer. We present 3 algorithms that analyze this new stream, extracting the user's task information which informs the existing Confluence algorithms. We present results and conclusions from a preliminary user study on Confluence.
Characterization and quantitation of hexadecyl, octadecyl, and eicosyl esters of p-coumaric acid in the vine and root latex of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization and quantitation of hexadecyl, octadecyl, and eicosyl esters of p-coumaric acid in the vine and root latex of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]Maurice E. Snook, Emma S. Data, and Stanley J. KaysCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 11, 2589–2595Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00047a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00047a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views447Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distributed peak power management for many-core architectures (2009)

Recently proposed techniques for peak power management [4] involve centralized decision-making and assume quick evaluation of the various power management states. These techniques do not prevent instantaneous power from exceeding the peak power budget, but instead trigger corrective action when the budget has been exceeded. Similarly, they are not suitable for many-core architectures (processors with tens or possibly hundreds of cores on the same die) due to an exponential explosion in the number of global power management states. In this paper, we look at a hierarchical and a gradient ascent-based technique for decentralized peak power management for many-core architectures. The proposed techniques prevent power from exceeding the peak power budget and enable the placement of several more cores on a die than what the power budget would normally allow. We show up to 47% (33% on average) improvements in throughput for a given power budget. Our techniques outperform the static oracle by 22%.
Rapeseed oil transesterification by heterogeneous catalysis (1984)

Abstract Methyl fatty esters derived from vegetable oils are a promising fuel for direct injection diesel engines. This study's purpose was to identify a heterogeneous catalyst to selectively produce methyl fatty esters from low erucic rapeseed oil. Most experiments were at atmospheric pressure and approximately the corresponding boiling point temperature of the mixture, 60–63 C. However, the catalytic activity of an anion exchange resin was tested at 200 C and 68 atm (1000 psig) and at 91 C and 9.2 atm (135 psig). All samples were analyzed by thin layer chromatography with samples from the elevated temperature and pressure experiments also analyzed by mass spectroscopy. The most promising catalyst examined was CaO·MgO. The activities of the catalysts CaO and ZnO appear to be enhanced with the addition of MgO, therefore the transesterification reaction mechanism may be, in this instance, bifunctional. The anion exchange resin catalyst at 200 C and 68 atm generated substantial amounts of both methyl fatty esters and straight‐chain hydrocarbons, even though these reactions did not go to completion. At 91 C and 9.2 atm the cracking also occurred but at a substantially reduced rate, and no transesterification was noted.
Multifunctional polymetallaynes: properties, functions and applications (2016)

Polymetallaynes of late transition metal elements have aroused considerable research attention. This Review article highlights the structure–property–function relationships of this class of metallopolymers and their emerging applications in electronic, optical and magnetic devices.