gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infectious clone construction of dengue virus type 2, strain Jamaican 1409, and characterization of a conditional E6 mutation (2006)

A full-length infectious cDNA clone (ic) was constructed from the genome of the dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) Jamaica83 1409 strain, pBAC1409ic, by using a bacterial artifical chromosome plasmid system. Infectious virus was generated and characterized for growth in cell culture and for infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. During construction, an isoleucine to methionine (Ile-->Met) change was found at position 6 in the envelope glycoprotein sequence between low- and high-passage DENV-2 1409 strains. In vitro-transcribed genomic RNA of 1409ic with E6-Ile produced infectious virions following electroporation in mosquito cells, but not mammalian cells, while 1409ic RNA with an E6-Met mutation produced virus in both cell types. Moreover, DENV-2 1409 with the E6-Ile residue produced syncytia in C6/36 cell culture, whereas viruses with E6-Met did not. However, in vitro cell culture-derived growth-curve data and in vivo mosquito-infection rates revealed that none of the analysed DENV-2 strains differed from each other.
Optimization of passive cooling control thresholds with GenOpt and EnergyPlus (2015)

Passive cooling strategies (e.g. shading, natural ventilation, use of thermal mass) can effectively reduce a building's cooling load during hot summer weather. Such techniques have been well-studied, with the provision that precedent work assumes operable shading devices, windows, and vents are operated according to pre-determined schedules or setpoints. This work, in contrast, investigates numerical optimization of the setpoints themselves.Among space types most useful for studying passive cooling are unconditioned zones such as sunspaces, because they can easily overheat on sunny days and because heat loss pathways in the forms of wind, cool night air, cold night skies, ground contact, and precipitation can sum to a sizable proportion of the cooling load in temperate climates. At the same time, the transition of a given path between heat gain and loss may be undetectable to an occupant, causing manual controls to be ineffective and mechanical controls to be of interest.Here, GenOpt was used to manage optimizations of shading and natural ventilation control thresholds, as well as auxiliary optimizations of shading type, material, and position; vent area; and thermal mass quantities, within a field-validated EnergyPlus sunspace model. Results predicted that controls operated according to optimized setpoints should maintain peak indoor temperatures 8--10°C (14--18°F) below outside air temperatures during the hottest August afternoons of the sunspace's native American Pacific Northwest climate. In addition, optimization data established clear priorities among field configurations to be tested, showing the potential to simplify subsequent field validation greatly.
Natural Forms of Vitamin E and 13′-Carboxychromanol, a Long-Chain Vitamin E Metabolite, Inhibit Leukotriene Generation from Stimulated Neutrophils by Blocking Calcium Influx and Suppressing 5-Lipoxygenase Activity, Respectively (2010)

Leukotrienes generated by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)-catalyzed reaction are key regulators of inflammation. In ionophore-stimulated (A23187; 1-2.5 μM) human blood neutrophils or differentiated HL-60 cells, vitamin E forms differentially inhibited leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) with an IC(50) of 5-20 μM for γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol (δT), and γ-tocotrienol, but a much higher IC(50) for α-tocopherol. 13'-Carboxychromanol, a long-chain metabolite of δT, suppressed neutrophil- and HL-60 cell-generated LTB(4) with an IC(50) of 4-7 μM and potently inhibited human recombinant 5-LOX activity with an IC(50) of 0.5-1 μM. In contrast, vitamin E forms had no effect on human 5-LOX activity but impaired ionophore-induced intracellular calcium increase and calcium influx as well as the subsequent signaling including ERK1/2 phosphorylation and 5-LOX translocation from cytosol to the nucleus, a key event for 5-LOX activation. Further investigation showed that δT suppressed cytosolic Ca(2+) increase and/or LTB(4) formation triggered by ionophores, sphingosine 1-phosphate, and lysophosphatidic acid but not by fMLP or thapsigargin, whereas 13'-carboxychromanol decreased cellular production of LTB(4) regardless of different stimuli, consistent with its strong inhibition of the 5-LOX activity. These observations suggest that δT does not likely affect fMLP receptor-mediated signaling or store depletion-induced calcium entry. Instead, we found that δT prevented ionophore-caused cytoplasmic membrane disruption, which may account for its blocking of calcium influx. These activities by vitamin E forms and long-chain carboxychromanol provide potential molecular bases for the differential anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin E forms in vivo.
Small intestinal motility (1998)

Our understanding of small intestinal motor activity and its control pathways has advanced despite the limitations of measurement techniques and the complexities and interactive nature of small intestinal control pathways. Recent studies have used molecular biology techniques in addition to more conventional methodologies to provide new insights into the field. This review summarizes developments in this area in the past 12 months.
Mesh Network Firewalling with Bloom Filters (2007)

The nodes of a multi-hop wireless mesh network often share a single physical media for terminal traffic and for the backhaul network, so that the available resources are extremely scarce. Under these conditions it is important to avoid that unwanted traffic may traverse the network subtracting resources to authorized terminals. Packet filtering in wireless mesh networks is an extremely challenging task, since the number of possible connections is quadratic with respect to the number of the terminals of the network; for each connection a rule is needed and the time needed for filtering grows linearly with the number of rules. Moreover nodes can be in possession of end users and the administrator might want to keep the explicit ruleset as much secret as possible while giving the nodes enough data to behave as a firewall. In this article we present a solution for distributed firewalling in multi-hop mesh networks based on the use of Bloom Filters, a powerful but compact data structure allowing probabilistic membership queries.
Efficient pulse compressor for golay complementary sequences (1991)

The highly regular structure of binary Golay complementary sequences of length 2N makes possible a very simple correlator for these sequences. The algorithm called fast Golay correlation (FGC) performs the correlation of the input radar signal with the Golay sequence using only 2.log2(M) operations per input sample as opposed to M operations required by standard correlators. This algorithm is also valid for complex sequences of the same length. This fast correlator and the good autocorrelation properties of Golay sequences make them the ideal choice for high speed, long sequence pulse compression. Sequence agility on the pulse to pulse basis is also possible at the expense of some added complexity.
High-Speed Chaos in an Optical Feedback System With Flexible Timescales (2004)

We describe a new optoelectronic device with time-delayed feedback that uses a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as passive nonlinearity and a semiconductor laser as a current-to-optical-frequency converter. Band-limited feedback allows tuning of the characteristic time scales of both the periodic and high dimensional chaotic oscillations that can be generated with the device. Our implementation of the device produces oscillations in the frequency range of tens to hundreds of megahertz. We develop a model and use it to explore the experimentally observed Andronov-Hopf bifurcation of the steady state and to estimate the dimension of the chaotic attractor.
High-Frequency Resonant Transistor DC-DC Converters (1984)

Transistor dc-dc converters which employ a resonant circuit are described. A resonant circuit is driven with square waves of current or voltage, and by adjusting the frequency around the resonant point, the voltage on the resonant components can be adjusted to any practical voltage level. By rectifying the voltage across the resonant elements, a dc voltage is obtained which can be either higher or lower than the input dc voltage to the converter. Thus, the converter can operate in either the step-up or step-down mode. In addition, the switching losses in the inverter devices and rectifiers are extremely low due to the sine waves that occur from the use of a resonant circuit (as opposed to square waves in a conventional converter); also, easier EMI filtering should result. In the voltage input version, the converter is able to use the parasitic diode associated with an FET or monolithic Darlington, while in the current input version, the converter needs the inverse blocking capability which can be obtained with an IGT or GTO device. A low-power breadboard operating at 200-300 kHz has been built. Two typical application areas are switching power supplies and battery chargers. The converter circuits offer improvements over conventional circuits due to their high efficiency (low switching losses), small reactive components (high-frequency operation), and their step-up/stepdown ability.
Adherence of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells (1978)

The adherence of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells after 2 h at 37 degrees C was significantly greater in human saliva than in phosphate-buffered saline. in saliva, viable fungi adhered much better than did nonviable fungi, and this adherence was greater at 37 than at 25 degrees C. Viable yeasts, preincubated in saliva for 90 min at 37 degrees C before being washed and mixed with epithelial cells in phosphate-buffered saline, adhered better than nonviable yeasts or yeasts preincubated in phosphate-buffered saline. Enhanced adherence in saliva appeared to be associated with germination of the yeast cells. Conditions permitting germination (growth in tissue culture medium 199 at 37 degrees C but not at 25 degrees C) also supported enhanced adherence. After germination had occurred, the fungi could be killed with Formalin without interfering with their rapid and efficient adherence to epithelial cells. These data indicate that the enhanced adherence of C. albicans observed after incubation in saliva is related to changes in the fungi, rather than to a requirement for prolonged interaction between fungi and epithelial cells.
Synthesis and Characterization of Titania−Graphene Nanocomposites (2009)

Abstract not provided.
Chemical Strengthening of Polycrystalline Alumina (1968)

Low‐expansion solid solution surface layers formed by reaction of Cr 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 were used to chemically strengthen alumina bodies. The surface layers were formed by packing the samples in Cr 2 O 3 powder and heating to high temperatures. Fluorides or chlorides were added to the packing material, leading to substantial additional improvement. The flexural strengths of the control samples were increased by refiring in the presence of the products of decomposition of the fluorides. At high concentrations of fluorides in the packing material, the outside dimensions and the weights of the samples decreased during the treatments.
Validation of the Clinical Dehydration Scale for Children With Acute Gastroenteritis (2008)

The clinical dehydration scale and the 3 severity categories were valid for a prospectively enrolled cohort of patients who were assessed in our tertiary emergency department. The scoring system was valuable in predicting a longer length of stay and the need for intravenous fluid rehydration for children with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis.
Purification and partial characterization of the opacity-associated proteins of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (1984)

Gonococci, grown on agar, frequently give rise to opaque colonies. This opacity phenotype is associated with the presence of one or more outer membrane proteins of approximately 28,000 mol weight. These proteins are included within a class of proteins named proteins II. A method is described to isolate and purify the opacity-associated proteins from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This method uses high concentrations of calcium and a zwitterionic detergent at pH 4.0. Under these conditions proteins II are readily solubilized from the outer membrane. Further purification is achieved by ion exchange and molecular sieve chromatography in the presence of the zwitterionic detergent. The opacity-associated proteins are very basic with isoelectric points varying between 9.0 to 10.0. Further evidence for their basic nature is their behavior on ion exchange chromatography and their amino acid composition.
Treatment of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (1988)

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) culminates in inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues. There are numerous inciting factors for this syndrome. Several therapies including the prophylactic use of antibiotics and steroids are controversial; even mechanical ventilatory support has controversial elements. The cornerstone of treatment remains supportive care until the cause of ARDS has resolved.
Predictive value of EEG-awakening for behavioral awakening from coma (2015)

EEG-awakening incorporates both EEG-R and sleep spindles and is an excellent predictor for early behavioral awakening in comatose patients. The prognostic model combining EEG-awakening and GCS scores shows an outstanding discriminative power for awakening.
Two-stage buffer control for constant quality transmission of motion JPEG2000 video streams (2009)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
A geometric investigation of reach (1985)

This book focuses on a problem of fundamental importance in the robotics field, that of manipulating a geometric linkage resembling a human arm (or leg) with the intent of reaching specific points in space. Many analytic and numerical solutions have been developed for robot manipulators. Recently, a number of researchers have begun to investigate methods for the generation of manipulator workspaces (sometimes called reach envelopes). This work offers two new solutions to the reach problem-an analytic solution for the special case of singly redundant chains of the type exemplified by human arms and legs, and a solution for chains of arbitrary length which makes use of workspace descriptions. An algorithm is also developed for the approximation of workspaces by polyhedra, leading to an examination of the problem of sweeping polyhedra through space. Contents: Introduction; Body Model; Joint Adjustment and Limitations; Overview of the Cartesian Positioning Problem; Analytic Positioning Methods; Numerical/Optimization Methods; Reach Hierarchy Methods; Workspace Generation; Sweeping Polyhedra; Conclusions; The Modelling System. James U. Korein received his doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania. He is currently a researcher at IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY A Geometric Investigation of Reach is a 1984 ACM Distinguished Dissertation.
Bathochromic or hypsochromic effects via the extension of conjugation: a study of stilbenoid squaraines (1999)

In contrast to normal conjugated oligomers, the stilbenoid squaraines 3a–d do not show a convergence of VIS/NIR absorption due to the extension of conjugation; the observed bathochromic effect in the beginning of the series is followed by a hypsochromic effect; this result seems to be characteristic for stilbenoid compounds with donor–acceptor substitution.
Application of Newly Developed <i>Anti</i>-Selective Aldol Methodology:  Synthesis of C6−C13 and C19−C28 Fragments of Miyakolide (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTApplication of Newly Developed Anti-Selective Aldol Methodology: Synthesis of C6−C13 and C19−C28 Fragments of MiyakolideTakehiko Yoshimitsu, Jinhua J. Song, Guo-Qiang Wang, and Satoru MasamuneView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 26, 8978–8979Publication Date (Web):December 26, 1997Publication History Received9 October 1997Published online26 December 1997Published inissue 1 December 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo971863mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo971863mrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1002Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Aldol reactions,Enantioselective synthesis,Lactones,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
First-principles calculations of intrinsic defects in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Al</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2003)

First-principles plane-wave pseudopotential calculations were performed to study electronic structures, structural relaxation, and energetics of intrinsic vacancies and interstitials in ${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}.$ In the presence of the intrinsic point defects, extra levels appeared in the band gap. Considering various charge states for the intrinsic point defects, it was found that each point defect is most stable in its fully ionized state. From the formation energies of individual point defects, Schottky, O Frenkel, and Al Frenkel energies were also evaluated and were compared with previous results by experiment and static lattice calculations. Although previous static lattice calculations showed different relative stabilities of Schottky and Frenkel formation, depending on the choice of interatomic potentials, our calculations revealed that the relative values of formation energies are in the order of $\mathrm{Schottky}<\mathrm{Al}$ $\mathrm{Frenkel}<\mathrm{O}$ Frenkel, which is in good agreement with experimental data.
Step-rate tests determine safe injection pressures in floods (1974)

Step-rate injectivity tests define the maximum safe injection pressures that can be used without fracturing the reservoir rock. This information is important in waterfloods. It is of critical importance in tertiary-recovery projects where the loss of costly injection fluids through uncontrolled induced fractures cannot be afforded. The test well should be shut in long enough so that the bottomhole pressure is near the shut-in formation pressure. The step-rate injectivity test that follows consists of a series of constant-rate injections with rates increasing from low to high in stepwise fashion. In tight formation each step should last 60 min. Shorter time spans can be used in higher-permeability formations. The time-step duration itself is not critical. It only should be reasonably close to the recommended values. Also, each step should last exactly as long as the preceding step. In selecting rate for the test, one possible rule of thumb is to use 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of the desired maximum test rate. This article presents the recommended procedure and shows typical data.
Assessing Housing Design Sustainability Using Urban Fabric Indicators: A Case Study of Middle Range High Rise Housing Development at Bandar Perda (2019)

A residential area is a vital element in human life. Therefore a residential areas should be designed to create a balance between physical buildings, surrounding conditions, and residents. Nowadays, there is a lot of issues arises about sustainability of residential development in Malaysia mainly due to poor residential design that increases dependency on private vehicle, poor connectivity and encourages unhealthy live style. Although there are significant numbers of residential areas developed with sustainability concept is broadcasted as the key theme. However, the housing project is far from meeting the criteria for sustainable residential areas. This mainly due to the inability of a suitable measure to gauge the level of sustainability for residential design. Hence, this paper tried to investigate the sustainability of a mid-range high rise housing at Bandar Perda, Pulau Pinang using Sustainable Development Indicators (SDI) with urban fabric as the key components. The study applies a qualitative research method that applied observation and building inventory techniques used as key strategies to address the study objectives. The finding shows that Bandar Perda does fall short of achieving the sustainable values. Therefore proactive strategies by improving connectivity between areas should be considered. This study also found that indices of urban fabric are appropriate for measuring the sustainability of residential regions especially for medium range residential areas in Malaysia.
A new approach to power supplies for robots (1991)

A cableless power supply system for multiaxis robots is proposed. As key components, it contains rotatable transformers placed in the joints of the robot. It consists of two halves of a ferrite pot core containing the primary and secondary windings, respectively. The energy is transferred to the movable parts of the robot through this transformer at a frequency of 25 kHz. This frequency allows a compact design of the transformer. A schematic representation of the new system is offered. Investigations of the steady-state and the transient behavior were carried out. Experimental results were obtained from an experimental setup with a 20 kVA, 650 V IGBT converter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Robust adaptive equalization using the filtered-X LMS algorithm (2003)

The filtered-X LMS algorithm is currently the most popular method for adaptive filter design when there exists a transfer function in the error path. We introduce and modify this concept in the application of adaptive equalization for communication channels. A computer experiment was conducted on the equalization of a time-varying communication channel using both conventional LMS and modified filtered-X LMS algorithms. Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the filtered-X has a better robust performance than that of the conventional LMS.