gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlling delivery properties of a waterborne, <i>in‐situ</i>‐forming biomaterial (2006)

This study details efforts to transition an in-situ-gelling polymer for endovascular embolization from the bench-top to preclinical cerebral arteriovenous malformation animal model studies. The in-situ-forming gel is based on waterborne, reverse emulsion materials. For controlled embolization of vascular defects, it is crucial to understand the delivery properties of an in-situ-forming gel. Directing a liquid into a small cavity requires both precise control of the fluid flow, and depends upon minimal variability in the materials behavior. A 2(3) factorial experiment performed in the laboratory revealed that temperature, mixing time, and buffer strength are all significant factors affecting the gelation time of the specific system studied. All three factors were also seen to reduce the standard deviation on the gel times. Changing the temperature from 21.3 to 37.0 degrees C reduced the cross population variability from 6.0 +/- 3.3 min to 3.4 +/- 1.6 min. At 30-s premixing, the protocol produced an average gel time of 5.3 +/- 3.0 min, which was reduced to 3.3 +/- 1.2 min with 90 s. Finally, a 50 mM buffer solution provided a gel time of 6.5 +/- 3.2 min, which was reduced to 2.95 +/- 0.6 min at 100 mM. Viscosity data was analyzed to suggest a model for injection volume and viscosity.
Measurement of Breast Density with Dual X-ray Absorptiometry: Feasibility (2002)

Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to quantify breast density with a phantom and with cadaveric breasts. With DXA, percentage of fat correlated with percentage of glandular density of the phantom (r > 0.998) and with density at mammography (r(adjusted) = 0.83). DXA precision (SD) was 0.5% without and 1.1% with breast repositioning. DXA devices can be used to accurately and precisely estimate breast tissue density.
Automation of blood component preparation from whole blood collections (2014)

The complete automation of BCP from WB collections is still in development and it represents a huge change in paradigm.
DERIVATIVES OF PHENYLBORIC ACID, THEIR PREPARATION AND ACTION UPON BACTERIA (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDERIVATIVES OF PHENYLBORIC ACID, THEIR PREPARATION AND ACTION UPON BACTERIAWilliam. Seaman and John R. JohnsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1931, 53, 2, 711–723Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1931https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01353a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1651Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (906 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mimicking Very Efficient Network for Object Detection (2017)

Current CNN based object detectors need initialization from pre-trained ImageNet classification models, which are usually time-consuming. In this paper, we present a fully convolutional feature mimic framework to train very efficient CNN based detectors, which do not need ImageNet pre-training and achieve competitive performance as the large and slow models. We add supervision from high-level features of the large networks in training to help the small network better learn object representation. More specifically, we conduct a mimic method for the features sampled from the entire feature map and use a transform layer to map features from the small network onto the same dimension of the large network. In training the small network, we optimize the similarity between features sampled from the same region on the feature maps of both networks. Extensive experiments are conducted on pedestrian and common object detection tasks using VGG, Inception and ResNet. On both Caltech and Pascal VOC, we show that the modified 2.5× accelerated Inception network achieves competitive performance as the full Inception Network. Our faster model runs at 80 FPS for a 1000×1500 large input with only a minor degradation of performance on Caltech.
Comparative Evaluation of Intravenous Agents for Rapid Sequence Induction—Thiopental, Ketamine, and Midazolam (1982)

The pharmacologic effects of ketamine, midazolam, and a midazolam-ketamine combination were compared with thiopental for rapid induction of general anesthesia. Thiopental, 4 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg ketamine, 0.3 mg/kg midazolam, or 0.15 mg/kg midazolam, and 0.75 mg/kg ketamine, were administered intravenously in a randomized fashion to 80 patients undergoing emergency surgery. Adequacy of induction, hemodynamic changes, and postoperative effects were assessed during and after a standardized induction-maintenance anesthetic technique. Midazolam had the slowest onset (15-60 s) and longest duration of action. During induction, thiopental decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 11%, ketamine increased MAP by 10%, while neither midazolam nor the midazolam-ketamine combination significantly changed MAP. Heart rate (HR) increased during induction in all groups; however, the increase was significantly less in the combination group. After intubation, MAP and HR increased to the same extent in all four groups. Significantly more patients who received ketamine for induction were disoriented during emergence. Midazolam most effectively produced anxiolysis and antegrade amnesia. Significantly more patients who received thiopental felt depressed postoperatively, and 95% required parenteral opiate analgesics in the recovery room. Dreaming was highest after ketamine (55%) and lowest after midazolam (0%) and the combination (5%). Thus, midazolam effectively attenuated both the cardiostimulatory responses and unpleasant emergence reactions associated with ketamine. The author concludes that both midazolam and the midazolam-ketamine combination are safe and effective induction agents for emergency surgery, which may offer an advantage over thiopental in situations where hemodynamic stability is crucial. Furthermore, midazolam effectively attenuates the side effects of ketamine.
36 months observational clinical study of 38 adult Pompe disease patients under alglucosidase alfa enzyme replacement therapy (2012)

Abstract Objectives Glycogen storage disease type 2(GSD2)/Pompe disease is characterized by respiratory and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy, resulting in functional disability and reduced life span. Methods We present an open‐label, investigator‐initiated observational study of alglucosidase alfa enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in 38 adult‐onset GSD2 patients (20 female, 18 male) with a mean age at disease onset of 36.2 ± 10.5 years. Mean delay between symptom onset and start of ERT was 14.5 ± 7.2 years. Assessments included serial Walton Gardner Medwin scale, arm function tests, timed 10‐meter walk tests, 4‐stair climb tests, modified Gowers’ maneuvers, 6‐minute walk test (6MWT), MRC sum score, forced vital capacities (FVC), creatine kinase (CK) levels, and SF‐36 self‐reporting questionnaires. All tests were performed at baseline and every 12 months for 36 months of ERT. Results In the 6MWT we found 21 patients able to walk at baseline a mean distance of 312 ± 165.5 m, improving to 344 ± 165.8 m after 12 months (p = 0.006), remaining at 356.4 ± 155.9 m at 24 months (p = 0.033), and declining to 325.6 ± 174.8 m after 36 months of ERT (p = 0.49, n.s.). The mean FVC in 28 patients was 80.27 ± 14.08% of predicted normal at baseline, after 12 months 79.19 ± 13.09%, at 24 months 78.62 ± 16.55%, and 77.19 ± 18.05% after 36 months. Only mean CK levels were significantly decreased by 8.8% (p = 0.041). All other tests were statistically non‐significant changed. Conclusion Our data denote a rather variable course of neuromuscular deficits in chronic adult‐onset Pompe patients during 36 months of alglucosidase alfa ERT.
Fabrication and Cytocompatibility of In Situ Crosslinked Carbon Nanomaterial Films (2015)

Assembly of carbon nanomaterials into two-dimensional (2D) coatings and films that harness their unique physiochemical properties may lead to high impact energy capture/storage, sensors, and biomedical applications. For potential biomedical applications, the suitability of current techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, spray and dip coating, and vacuum filtration, employed to fabricate macroscopic 2D all carbon coatings or films still requires thorough examination. Each of these methods presents challenges with regards to scalability, suitability for a large variety of substrates, mechanical stability of coatings or films, or biocompatibility. Herein we report a coating process that allow for rapid, in situ chemical crosslinking of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into macroscopic all carbon coatings. The resultant coatings were found to be continuous, electrically conductive, significantly more robust, and cytocompatible to human adipose derived stem cells. The results lay groundwork for 3D layer-on-layer nanomaterial assemblies (including various forms of graphene) and also opens avenues to further explore the potential of MWCNT films as a novel class of nano-fibrous mats for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Delayed luminescence in a molecularly doped polymer (TAPC in polycarbonate) (1992)

Abstract Decay of the delayed luminescence of 1,1‐bis(di‐4‐tolylaminophenyl)cyclohexane, both doped into a polycarbonate binder and matrix‐isolated in an MTHF glass, has been studied upon excitation with the 308 nm line of an excimer laser. Time‐resolved emission spectra have also been recorded. In the early time regime, 30 ns < t < 10 μs, the decay of the emission, identified as delayed fluorescence rather than phosphorescence, follows a power‐law characteristic of geminate pair recombination in a disordered medium. Singlet–singlet excitation fusion is considered to be the main pathway for geminate pair formation. Fusion of triplet excitations becomes important for e–h pair formation at long times only (10 μs < t < 10 ms). The rate of triplet–triplet encounters carries a time dependence characteristic of the random walk of excitations in a disordered solid.
The nonsurgical retrieval of intracardiac foreign bodies — an international survey (1978)

Abstract An international survey of nonsurgical retrieval of intracardiac foreign bodies provided data on 180 published and unpublished cases. The data was analyzed to evaluate the respective merits and drawbacks of the 3 basic retrieval techniques, the snare, the wire basket, and the endoscopy forceps, the routes and methods of insertion, the success rate, and the complications. Eighty percent of foreign bodies were polyethylene central venous pressure catheters, cut in two by the needle introducer. The site of lodgement of these fragments was predictable and determined by the site of entry and length of the fragment. The basic retrieval instruments and their modifications are described. Operating instructions are detailed together with adjunct methods of repositioning fragments for easier retrieval. Factors associated with the small percentage of unsuccessful retrieval attempts include fragments totally in the distal pulmonary artery, extravascular lodging sites, chronically‐implanted fragments, and pacemaker‐catheter fragments. For the vast majority of cases, however, these simple and uncomplicated techniques have been highly successful and widely utilized in the nonsurgical retrieval of intracardiac foreign bodies.
Printmaking: History and Process (1978)

A basic text that discusses techniques and applications in every major area of printmaking. Proceeds from the beginning steps to the most advanced procedures. Over 600 illustrations. Provides a history of printmaking.
Hierarchical sensitivity analysis of priority used in analytic hierarchy process (1990)

The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) initialed by Saaty (1980) has recently been attracting attention as a useful support method for multi-objective decision making. This paper presents some useful theorems for the sensitivity analysis of priority that is playing an important role in the AHP. These theorems are derived from the principle of hierarchical composition which is expressed in the form of a reachability matrix. Using the theorems, we can easily calculate the degrees of effects caused by local or global changes in the priorities of some criteria, and also we can examine the possibility of rank reversal among alternatives. Furthermore, by applying these theorems to a dwelling selection problem, this paper verifies their effectiveness.
Targeted Therapy of Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases (1995)

Antibody-conjugates represent a promising new modality for refractory malignancies and autoimmune diseases that may afford greater selectivity and lesser toxicity than conventional cytotoxic treatments. Many types of immunoconjugates have been described including antibodies conjugated to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, plant toxins, bacterial toxins, radionuclides, and enzymes. We describe four promising new approaches. First, clinical trials employing unconjugated monoclonal antibodies targeting CD4 or the IL2 receptor are described for patients with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and acute graft versus host disease. Second, preclinical and clinical trials employing bispecific monoclonal antibodies recruiting the toxin, saporin, to idiotypic immunoglobulins or the CD22 antigen on B-cell lymphomas are discussed. Third, the use of antibody-enzyme conjugates in conjunction with prodrug substrates is presented. Finally, the use of radiolabeled anti-CD20 antibodies for treating patients with refractory B-cell lymphomas is summarized. Each of these methods has demonstrated impressive therapeutic results in preclinical models and clinical trials, warranting further investigation.
Improving malware classification (2012)

Malware classification systems have typically used some machine learning algorithm in conjunction with either static or dynamic features collected from the binary. Recently, more advanced malware has introduced mechanisms to avoid detection in these views by using obfuscation techniques to avoid static detection and execution-stalling techniques to avoid dynamic detection. In this paper we construct a classification framework that is able to incorporate both static and dynamic views into a unified framework in the hopes that, while a malicious executable can disguise itself in some views, disguising itself in every view while maintaining malicious intent will prove to be substantially more difficult. Our method uses kernels to place a similarity metric on each distinct view and then employs multiple kernel learning to find a weighted combination of the data sources which yields the best classification accuracy in a support vector machine classifier. Our approach opens up new avenues of malware research which will allow the research community to elegantly look at multiple facets of malware simultaneously, and which can easily be extended to integrate any new data sources that may become popular in the future.
Technology and Change in Educational Practice (Guest Editorial). (2007)

14 ISSN 1436-4522 (online) and 1176-3647 (print). © International Forum of Educational Technology & Society (IFETS). The authors and the forum jointly retain the copyright of the articles. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than IFETS must be honoured. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from the editors at kinshuk@ieee.org. Technology and Change in Educational Practice (Guest Editorial)
Comparison of Cefuroxime Axetil and Doxycycline in the Treatment of Early Lyme Disease (1992)

Cefuroxime axetil is well tolerated and appears to be equally as effective as doxycycline in the treating of early Lyme disease and in preventing the subsequent development of late Lyme disease.
An integrable low-cost hardware random number generator (2005)

A hardware random number generator is different from a pseudo-random number generator; a pseudo-random number generator approximates the assumed behavior of a real hardware random number generator. Simple pseudo random number generators suffices for most applications, however for demanding situations such as the generation of cryptographic keys, requires an efficient and a cost effective source of random numbers. Arbiter-based Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) proposed for physical authentication of ICs exploits statistical delay variation of wires and transistors across integrated circuits, as a result of process variations, to build a secret key unique to each IC. Experimental results and theoretical studies show that a sufficient amount of variation exits across IC’s. This variation enables each IC to be identified securely. It is possible to exploit the unreliability of these PUF responses to build a physical random number generator. There exists measurement noise, which comes from the instability of an arbiter when it is in a racing condition. There exist challenges whose responses are unpredictable. Without environmental variations, the responses of these challenges are random in repeated measurements. Compared to other physical random number generators, the PUF-based random number generators can be a compact and a low-power solution since the generator need only be turned on when required. A 64-stage PUF circuit costs less than 1000 gates and the circuit can be implemented using a standard IC manufacturing processes. In this paper we have presented a fast and an efficient random number generator, and analysed the quality of random numbers produced using an array of tests used by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to evaluate the randomness of random number generators designed for cryptographic applications.
Advanced 3-D Game Programming With Directx 7.0 (2000)

From the Publisher:
This title focuses onsome of the fundamentals of DirectX 7.0, but also covers such topics as networking, artificial intelligence, advanced 3D programming optimization, and rasterization.
The Retained Surgical Sponge (1996)

Despite the rarity of the reporting of a retained surgical sponge, this occurrence appears to be encountered more commonly than generally is appreciated. Operating teams should ensure that sponges be counted for all vaginal and any incisional procedures at risk for retaining a sponge. In addition, the surgeon should not unquestioningly accept correct count reports, but should develop the habit of performing a brief but thorough routine postprocedure wound/body cavity exploration before wound closure. The strikingly similar outcome for most patients would argue for a standardized indemnity payment being made without the need for adversarial legal procedures.
<i>S</i> -Nitrosylation in Cardiovascular Signaling (2010)

Well over 2 decades have passed since the endothelium-derived relaxation factor was reported to be the gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO). Although soluble guanylyl cyclase (which generates cyclic guanosine monophosphate, cGMP) was the first identified receptor for NO, it has become increasingly clear that NO exerts a ubiquitous influence in a cGMP-independent manner. In particular, many, if not most, effects of NO are mediated by S-nitrosylation, the covalent modification of a protein cysteine thiol by an NO group to generate an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). Moreover, within the current framework of NO biology, endothelium-derived relaxation factor activity (ie, G protein-coupled receptor-mediated, or shear-induced endothelium-derived NO bioactivity) is understood to involve a central role for SNOs, acting both as second messengers and signal effectors. Furthermore, essential roles for S-nitrosylation have been implicated in virtually all major functions of NO in the cardiovascular system. Here, we review the basic biochemistry of S-nitrosylation (and denitrosylation), discuss the role of S-nitrosylation in the vascular and cardiac functions of NO, and identify current and potential clinical applications.
Modeling the acoustic correlates of expressive elements in text genres for expressive text-to-speech synthesis (2006)

This paper proposes a novel approach for describing the expressive elements in text genres and modeling their acoustic correlates for expressive text-to-speech synthesis (TTS).We apply the three-dimensional PAD (pleasure-displeasure, arousal-nonarousal and dominance-submissiveness) model in describing expressivity.In particular, we define a set of principles for annotating the P and A values of prosodic words found in texts from the tourist information domain.These text passages may be categorized into the descriptive genre (e.g.describing a beautiful scenic spot), the informative genre (e.g.presenting the opening hours of a museum) and the procedural genre (e.g.offering bus routes to a landmark).We choose the prosodic word as the basic unit for analysis since it bridges textual input with (synthetic) speech output.Analysis of contrastive (neutral versus expressive) recordings uncovers the acoustic correlates of annotated P and A values.This enables us to develop a non-linear model that can transform neutral speech to resemble expressive speech, according to the P and A values of the input text.Perceptual evaluation of the speech outputs shows that over 70% of the prosodic words carry appropriate expressivity.
Picosecond pulse amplification by electrically pulsed semiconductor optical amplifiers (1989)

We report time-resolved gain and noise spectra measurements in an electrically pulsed travelling-wave optical amplifier. We demonstrate a modest (60Å) blue shift in the gain spectrum and high (25 dB) gain in a 250μmlong amplifier driven by a 1 GHz, 60 ps pulse train.
Highly sensitive interferometric autocorrelatorusing Si avalanche photodiode as two-photon absorber (1998)

The author has developed a highly sensitive interferometric autocorrelator, with 2 mW2 sensitivity at a wavelength of 1.55 µm, which uses a an Si avalanche photodiode as a two-photon absorber. The pulse width and chirp of pulses with low peak power, which are generated from an actively mode-locked semiconductor laser, are measured by using the newly developed autocorrelator.
Targeting calcium handling in arrhythmias (2008)

Abnormal calcium (Ca) handling can contribute to arrhythmogenesis directly by triggering abnormal depolarizations and indirectly by modulating action potential time course and duration. Recent data have shown the importance of these mechanisms in rare genetic diseases but also in more common conditions such as heart failure. Modulating Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via the ryanodine receptor, Ca uptake via sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase or Ca removal from the cell via the Na/Ca exchanger, are potential approaches to reduce arrhythmias. New tools allow exploring these ideas. The principles underlying this approach and the first results are critically reviewed.