gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of an Intrinsic 5′-Deoxyribose-5-phosphate Lyase Activity in Human DNA Polymerase λ (2001)

Base excision repair (BER) is a major repair pathway in eukaryotic cells responsible for repair of lesions that give rise to abasic (AP) sites in DNA. Pivotal to this process is the 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase (dRP lyase) activity of DNA polymerase beta (Pol beta). DNA polymerase lambda (Pol lambda) is a recently identified eukaryotic DNA polymerase that is homologous to Pol beta. We show here that human Pol lambda exhibits dRP lyase, but not AP lyase, activity in vitro and that this activity is consistent with a beta-elimination mechanism. Accordingly, a single amino acid substitution (K310A) eliminated more than 90% of the wild-type dRP lyase activity, thus suggesting that Lys(310) of Pol lambda is the main nucleophile involved in the reaction. The dRP lyase activity of Pol lambda, in coordination with its polymerization activity, efficiently repaired uracil-containing DNA in an in vitro reconstituted BER reaction. These results suggest that Pol lambda may participate in "single-nucleotide" base excision repair in mammalian cells.
Exploiting code mobility for dynamic binary obfuscation (2011)

Software protection aims at protecting the integrity of software applications deployed on un-trusted hosts and being subject to illegal analysis. Within an un-trusted environment a possibly malicious user has complete access to system resources and tools in order to analyze and tamper with the application code. To address this research problem, we propose a novel binary obfuscation approach based on the deployment of an incomplete application whose code arrives from a trusted network entity as a flow of mobile code blocks which are arranged in memory with a different customized memory layout. This paper presents our approach to contrast reverse engineering by defeating static and dynamic analysis, and discusses its effectiveness.
Intelligent Ontology Learning based on Context: Answering Crucial Questions (2006)

A "Context" is an elusive concept, that, it could not be defined automatically by a machine. During the last fifteen years, a strong motivation for research on context appeared in different disciplines such as natural language semantics, linguistics, cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence (AI). In this paper, we focus our attention on the ontology learning field. Till now, the concept of "Context" was not really used for the ontology building task rather for its reuse, evaluation or formalization. In this theoretical study, we carry our interest on the use of context in the ontology learning process. We answer three crucial questions treating the impact of the context in the ontology learning task, its importance in relation with the intelligent interpretation and the utility of reasoning in multiple contexts instead of only one context. These theoretical argumentations will serve to enhance our existing contextual models either for the ontology building or evaluation, in the following research.
Acoustic analysis of English codas by Mandarin learners of English (2012)

Mandarin has a much more limited segmental inventory than English, and permits only nasals in coda position, presenting a challenge for learners of English. However, previous studies have mainly explored this issue using perceptual transcription. This study provides an acoustic analysis of coda consonant productions by Mandarin L2 learners of Australian English. The results indicate that they produced voiceless stop and fricative codas well, but exhibit considerable difficulty with voicing contrasts and coda clusters. These findings and their theoretical implications for current models of L2 learning are discussed.
A random matrix model of communication via antenna arrays (2002)

A random matrix model is introduced that probabilistically describes the spatial and temporal multipath propagation between a transmitting and receiving antenna array with a limited number of scatterers for mobile radio and indoor environments. The model characterizes the channel by its richness delay profile which gives the number of scattering objects as a function of the path delay. Each delay is assigned the eigenvalue distribution of a random matrix that depends on the number of scatterers, receiving antennas, and transmitting antennas. The model allows one to calculate signal-to-interference-and-noise ratios (SINRs) and channel capacities for large antenna arrays analytically and quantifies to what extent rich scattering improves performance.
An objective model for slow orientation kinetics in concentrated fiber suspensions: Theory and rheological evidence (2008)

Recent experiments suggest that short fibers in concentrated suspensions align more slowly as a function of strain than models based on Jeffery’s equation predict. We develop an objective model that captures the slow orientation kinetics exhibited by short-fiber suspensions. The standard moment-tensor equation of fiber orientation is used to find equations for the change rates of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the orientation tensor. As a phenomenological assumption, the growth rates of the eigenvalues are reduced by a constant scalar factor, while the rotation rate expressions for the eigenvectors are unchanged. The eigenvalue/eigenvector equations are then reassembled as a tensor equation. An equivalent kinetic theory is also developed. The new model is tested in a variety of flows, and found to exhibit slower kinetics than the standard model but similar steady-state orientations. The model provides an excellent fit to the shear stress transient in a shear reversal experiment with a 30% glass fiber filled polybutylene terephthalate resin melt, and we show how this experiment can be used to determine the parameters of the model.
Nitrogen Excretion in Cockroaches: Uric Acid Is Not a Major Product (1972)

Thin-layer chromatographic and enzymatic spectrophotometric analyses have failed to detect uric acid in fecal extracts from American cockroaches on specified diets. Uric acid appears in the excreta when it is a dietary constituent, although most of it is apparently absorbed and stored internally. Surprisingly, ammonia is a major excretory product.
In Memoriam William R. Farrand (1931-2011) (2011)

Wright Henry T. In Memoriam William R. Farrand (1931-2011). In: Paléorient, 2011, vol. 37, n°1. Néolithisations : nouvelles données, nouvelles interprétations. À propos du modèle théorique de Jacques Cauvin. pp. 5-8.
Improved Fingerpring Matching by Distortion Removal (2001)

Fingerprint recognition is a well-researched problem, and there are several highly accurate systems commercially available. However, this biometric technology still suffers from problems with the handling of bad quality prints. Recent research has begun to tackle the problems of poor quality data. This paper takes a new approach to one problem besetting fingerprints — that of distortion. Previous attempts have been made to ensure that acquired prints are not distorted, but the novel approach presented here corrects distortions in fingerprints that have already been acquired. This correction is a completely automatic and unsupervised operation. The distortion modelling and correction are explained, and results are presented demonstrating significant improvements in matching accuracy through the application of the technique.
Perspectives on thrombosis in essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera: is leukocytosis a causative factor? (2009)

Leukocyte (WBC) count has been recently identified as an independent predictor of major thrombosis in both essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV). However, whether leukocytosis should be simply considered a marker for vascular disease or whether elevated WBC levels actually contribute directly to causing such disorders is presently matter of many studies. By adopting epidemiologic criteria for causation, we have examined the characteristics to support this association such as (1) strength, (2) consistency, (3) specificity, (4) temporality, (5) biologic gradient, (6) plausibility, (7) experimental evidence, and (8) analogy. Our conclusion supports the notion that baseline leukocytosis in ET and PV patients adds prognostic significance to existing risk factors and that may be considered causative of vascular events. These developments could induce clinicians to incorporate WBC count into standard clinical practice. However, we need prospective clinical studies with stratification of patients according to their baseline leukocyte counts. Until such evidence is available, the decision on how to manage these patients should continue to follow conventional criteria.
Dry Development of Resists Exposed to Focused Gallium Ion Beam (1980)

This report proposes a new lithography method employing focused ion beam exposure and subsequent dry development. It is shown that the plasma etching rate of resists exposed to gallium ions is much lower than that of resists not exposed. As this characteristic is applied to resist lithography, fine patterns can be obtained successfully. This dry development is applicable to many kinds of resist, such as PMMA, CMS, PGMA, FBM etc.
A stochastic analysis of a modified gain extended Kalman filter with applications to estimation with bearings only measurements (1985)

A new globally convergent nonlinear observer, called the modified gain extended Kalman observer (MGEKO), is developed for a special class of systems. This observer structure forms the basis of a new stochastic filter mechanization called the modified gain extended Kalman filter (MGEKF). A sufficient condition for the estimation errors of the MGEKF to be exponentially bounded in the mean square is obtained. Finally, the MGEKO and the MGEKF are applied to the three-dimensional bearings-only measurement problem where the extended Kalman filter often shows erratic behavior.
<i>In vivo</i> conversion of astrocytes to myelinating cells by miR-302/367 and valproate to enhance myelin repair (2017)

Enhancement of repair potential for degenerative brain diseases has been a research priority during recent years. Considering recent advancements in the field of direct transdifferentiation, conversion of astrocytes as a prominent component of glial scars to the progenitor cells that contribute to the repair mechanisms seems interesting. Recently, we have reported miR-302/367-mediated in vivo conversion of astrocytes into neuroblasts and neurons. In the current study, we used miR-302/367 and valproate (VPA) to show the possibility of conversion of astrocytes to oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and myelinating cells in a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced model of demyelination. Evaluation of behavioural impairment following CPZ and consequent to the treatments showed functional recovery from impairments. Enhanced remyelination was detected by luxol fast blue staining and immunostaining against two mature myelin markers, myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein. Tracing of transduced cells with green fluorescent protein showed their contribution toward generation of new myelinating cells. These findings have suggested that in vivo specific targeting of astrocytes for forced expression of the miR-302/367 cluster and VPA administration may increase the brain's potential for repairing myelin insults by the generation of oligodendroglia from astrocytes. This finding may open a new avenue for enhancement of brain repair in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High-isolation CPW MEMS shunt switches. 2. Design (2000)

For pt.1 see ibid., vol.48, no.6, p.1045-1052 (2000). In this paper, the second of two parts, the equivalent RLC model of the shunt switch is used in the design of tuned two- and four-bridge "cross" switches from 10 to 40 GHz. The cross switch attained an insertion loss of less than 0.3-0.6 dB, a return loss below -20 dB from 22 to 38 GHz in the up state, and a down-state isolation of 45-50 dB with only 1.5 pF of down-state capacitance (C/sub d/). Also, an X-band microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch with an insertion loss of less than 0.2 dB and an isolation of 35 dB is presented. This is done by inductively tuning the LC series resonance of the shunt switch. The MEMS bridge height is 1.5-2.5 /spl mu/m, resulting in a pull-down voltage of 15-25 V. Application areas are in low-loss high-isolation communication and radar.
Dual-Frequency Nd:YAG Laser For The Study And Application Of Nonlinear Optical Crystals (1987)

We have devised and demonstrated a technique that allows the simultaneous (in space and time) generation of two independent and well-separated Nd:YAG laser lines. We use this system to study three-wave mixing in nonlinear optical crystals. Application of this laser system coupled with suitable nonlinear optical crystals permitted us to simultaneously generate frequencies extending throughout the visible (including the three primary colors) and into the near-UV.
Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Structural Evolution of ε-LiVOPO<sub>4</sub> over Multiple Lithium Intercalation (2016)

In this work, we demonstrate the stable cycling of more than one Li in solid-state-synthesized ε-LiVOPO4 over more than 20 cycles for the first time. Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) analysis and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements, we present a comprehensive analysis of the thermodynamics, kinetics, and structural evolution of ε-LixVOPO4 over the entire lithiation range. We identify two intermediate phases at x = 1.5 and 1.75 in the low-voltage regime using DFT calculations, and the computed and electrochemical voltage profiles are in excellent agreement. Operando PDF and EXAFS techniques show a reversible hysteretic change in the short (<2 Å) V—O bond lengths coupled with an irreversible extension of the long V—O bond (>2.4 Å) during low-voltage cycling. Hydrogen intercalation from electrolyte decomposition is a possible explanation for the ∼2.4 Å V—O bond and its irreversible extension. Finally, we show that ε-LixVOPO4 is likely a pseudo-1D ionic diffuser with low electronic conductivity using DFT calculations, which suggests that nanosizing and carbon coating is necessary to achieve good electrochemical performance in this material.
Development of d. c. Motors (1972)

If an armature, free to rota:, and having conductors in which a current flows, is placed in a magnetic field, forces are produced which cause the armature to rotate. Two basic equations can be derived which define the nature of this phenomenon: they are called the induced voltage equation and the torque equation.
Igf1r as a therapeutic target in a mouse model of basal-like breast cancer (2009)

Considering the strong association between dysregulated insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling and various human cancers, we have used an expedient combination of genetic analysis and pharmacological treatment to evaluate the potential of the type 1 IGF receptor (Igf1r) for targeted anticancer therapy in a mouse model of mammary tumorigenesis. In this particular strain of genetically modified animals, histopathologically heterogeneous invasive carcinomas exhibiting up-regulation of the Igf1r gene developed extremely rapidly by mammary gland-specific overexpression of constitutively active oncogenic Kras* (mutant Kras(G12D)). Immunophenotyping data and expression profiling analyses showed that, except for a minor luminal component, these mouse tumors resembled basal-like human breast cancers. This is a group of aggressive tumors of poor prognosis for which there is no targeted therapy currently available, and it includes a subtype correlating with KRAS locus amplification. Conditional ablation of Igf1r in the mouse mammary epithelium increased the latency of Kras*-induced tumors very significantly (approximately 11-fold in comparison with the intact model), whereas treatment of tumor-bearing animals by administration of picropodophyllin (PPP), a specific Igf1r inhibitor, resulted in a dramatic decrease in tumor mass of the main forms of basal-like carcinomas. PPP also was effective against xenografts of the human basal-like cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, which carries a KRAS(G13D) mutation.
Automatic Audio Genre Classification Based on Support Vector Machine (2007)

Audio classification is very important in audio indexing, analysis and content-based video retrieval. In this paper, we have proposed a clip-based support vector machine (SVM) approach to classify audio signals into six classes, which are pure speech, music, silence, environmental sound, speech with music and speech with environmental sound. The classification results are then used to partition a video into homogeneous audio segments, which is used to analyze and retrieve its high-level content. The experimental results show that the proposed system not only improves classification accuracy, but also performs better than the other classification systems using the decision tree (DT), K Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) and Neural Network (NN).
A simple fluorescent method for quantitative determination of aortic protein uptake (1975)

A quantitative system for direct protein tracing and measurement of net protein uptake in the aorta using fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated bovine serum albumin (FITCBSA) is described. Using Wistar rats, a mean aortic FITCBSA net uptake of 29.7 times 10(-17) g FITCBSA per mum2 aortic endothelial surface area per 24 h was obtained. Intra-aortic localization of the FITCBSA was observed along the endothelium and the collagen-elastin bands. The values obtained using this FITCBSA system are comparable with those of a previously established isotopic technique measuring aortic albumin flux and reconfirm the previous findings of the existence of an albumin permeability gradient in the thoracic aorta.
Worms and allergy (2006)

Worms and asthma are associated with a type 2 immune response, but evidence has accumulated that helminth infection is negatively associated with atopy, prevalence of allergic diseases and severity of asthma. One important difference between these polarized type 2 responses is that in allergy modulation of the immunological response is not appropriate, whereas in infection with helminths, several host mechanisms down-regulate the host immune response. As a result, patients infected with worms have a decrease in both type 1 and type 2 responses. The main mechanism involved in this down-modulation is increased production of IL-10, but expansion of regulatory T cells and NKT cells may also participate. Regarding the interaction between worms and allergy, a few variables need to be taken in account: phase (acute or chronic) of helminth infection, parasite load and species of helminth. In animals and humans, acute helminth infection may increase manifestations of allergy, whereas chronic infection with parasites decreases atopy. The modulation of the immune response by helminths is dependent on having an adequate parasite load. Moreover, although several helminth species have been shown to modulate immune responses, most in vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the importance of Schistosoma mansoni in down-modulating allergic reactions.
Chromosome-Wide Analysis of Parental Allele-Specific Chromatin and DNA Methylation (2011)

To reveal the extent of domain-wide epigenetic features at imprinted gene clusters, we performed a high-resolution allele-specific chromatin analysis of over 100 megabases along the maternally or paternally duplicated distal chromosome 7 (Chr7) and Chr15 in mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). We found that reciprocal allele-specific features are limited to imprinted genes and their differentially methylated regions (DMRs), whereas broad local enrichment of H3K27me3 (BLOC) is a domain-wide feature at imprinted clusters. We uncovered novel allele-specific features of BLOCs. A maternally biased BLOC was found along the H19-Igf2 domain. A paternal allele-specific gap was found along Kcnq1ot1, interrupting a biallelic BLOC in the Kcnq1-Cdkn1c domain. We report novel allele-specific chromatin marks at the Peg13 and Slc38a4 DMRs, Cdkn1c upstream region, and Inpp5f_v2 DMR and paternal allele-specific CTCF binding at the Peg13 DMR. Additionally, we derived an imprinted gene predictor algorithm based on our allele-specific chromatin mapping data. The binary predictor H3K9ac and CTCF or H3K4me3 in one allele and H3K9me3 in the reciprocal allele, using a sliding-window approach, recognized with precision the parental allele specificity of known imprinted genes, H19, Igf2, Igf2as, Cdkn1c, Kcnq1ot1, and Inpp5f_v2 on Chr7 and Peg13 and Slc38a4 on Chr15. Chromatin features, therefore, can unequivocally identify genes with imprinted expression.
Microtubule as nanobioelectronic nonlinear circuit (2012)

In recent years, the use of biological molecules has offered exciting alternatives to conventional synthetic methods. Specific methods use various biological templates to direct the deposition and patterning of inorganic materials. Here we have established a new electrical model of microtubules as a biological nanoscale circuit based on polyelectrolyte features of cylindrical biopolymers. Our working hypothesis is that microtubules play an active role in sub-cellular computation and signaling via electronic and protonic conductivity and can thus be made useful in hybrid materials that offer novel electronic characteristics. We verify these hypotheses both computationally and analytically through a quantitative model based on the atomic resolution structures of the key functional proteins.
Global Information Infrastructure (GII) evolution : interworking issues (1996)

An overview of knowledge about the evolution of communication networks towards global information infrastructures. It addresses the issues of networking to solve the interoperability issues in the heterogeneous networks environment. Topics include: signalling and management; multimedia service handling; traffic management to guarantee the quality of service; interworking between narrow band and broadband networks; and interworking issues related to network management.
Tumor necrosis factor-induced activation of peritoneal macrophages is regulated by prostaglandin E2 and cAMP. (1988)

Human rTNF-alpha stimulates the metabolism of murine peritoneal macrophages as demonstrated by an increased consumption of arginine and an increased release of L-ornithine. This TNF-mediated effect is augmented by several substances that raise the intracellular concentration of cAMP, including PGE2, cholera toxin, and dibutyryl-cAMP. TNF also stimulates the endogenous production of PGE2 in cultures of peritoneal macrophages. The addition of the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, suppresses the TNF-mediated metabolic activation of macrophages, and this suppressive effect of indomethacin is overcome if exogenous PGE2 or cholera toxin is added to the culture. Taken together, the experiments indicate that the TNF-induced production of PGE2 and the PGE2-induced increase of the intracellular cAMP concentration are essential elements of an auto-regulatory loop that controls the magnitude of the TNF-mediated effect in the macrophage.