gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance enhancement of natural antifouling compounds and their analogs through microencapsulation and controlled release (1992)

Microencapsulation of natural antifouling compounds and their subsequent inclusion in polymeric coatings is a viable alternative to self‐polishing polymeric paint or rosin‐based ablative coatings. However, as naturally occurring compounds, the crude extracts of Octocorals (Renilla reniformis) or Pukalides, while found to be effective agents, are subject to both photolysis and chemical degradation in the marine environment. For these compounds to provide a viable alternative to persistent metallic toxicants such as organotins, they must be stabilized in the coating and released at their minimum effective dosages to provide for long term biofouling control. Enhanced activity of these biocides is reported, as demonstrated by their ability to repel the settlement of marine fouling organisms in short term testing at Beaufort, NC, Pearl Harbor and Coconut Island Hawaii. These assays, conducted over periods of 30 to 160 d, indicate that natural extracts are capable of repelling settlement to a greater degree when entrapped in cylindrical microstructures than when free associated into a polymeric film, or physically immobilized in a self‐polishing co‐polymeric paint.
Epstein-Barr virus latent gene transcription in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells: coexpression of EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2 transcripts (1992)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-positive nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) regularly express the virus-coded nuclear antigen EBNA1, but not other EBNAs, and a subset of tumors also appear to be latent membrane protein LMP1 positive; the status of NPCs with respect to a second virus-coded latent membrane protein LMP2 is unknown. In the present work the EBV-NPC cell interaction has been analyzed at the RNA level with reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction-based amplification to detect specific latent viral mRNAs. All four transplantable NPC cell lines studied and 17 of 18 fresh snap-frozen NPC biopsy specimens expressed an EBNA1 mRNA with a BamHI Q/U/K splice structure exactly like that recently identified in group I Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines and shown to be driven from a novel viral promoter, Fp. The BamHI Y3/U/K-spliced EBNA1 mRNA characteristic of virus-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) was never found in NPCs. These same NPC biopsy specimens were then analyzed for evidence of the various LMP transcripts which are constitutively expressed in LCLs but down-regulated in BL cells. While only 3 of 18 tumors gave a clear LMP1 mRNA-specific signal after first-round amplification with either of two sets of polymerase chain reaction primers, the majority proved to be LMP1 mRNA positive after second-round amplification with nested primers. A rather similar pattern of results was obtained with respect to LMP2B mRNA expression, such transcripts being detectable only in a subset of tumors, and then at apparently low levels. In contrast, clear evidence of LMP2A mRNA expression was obtained in 17 of 17 fresh biopsies. The predominant form of EBV infection in NPCs, with coexpression of EBNA1 and LMP mRNAs, is therefore quite distinct from that seen in BL cells (in which EBNA1 is the only expressed mRNA) and in LCL cells (in which all six EBNA and three LMP transcripts are present). This third form of EBV latency may not be restricted to NPC but may have more general relevance in the context of EBV infection in vivo.
Object-oriented technology transfer to multiprocessor system-level synthesis (2002)

Technology transfers between software and hardware engineering date back to a decade and a half. Object-oriented technology from software engineering is one such successful transfer to hardware design. There is a natural correspondence between object-oriented concepts and hardware design. The work presented in this paper extends the basic application of object-oriented technology to system-level synthesis such that not only system modeling uses object-oriented technology, but the synthesis process itself is object-oriented. The basic object-oriented structures required for synthesis are defined. How designs can be reused by storing them in a design database and then retrieving them is explained. A simple implementation along with application example illustrates how object-oriented technology increases component design manageability, enforces synthesis efficiency, and saves design time and effort through the reuse of complete subsystems.
COMPARISON OF THREE TRACER TESTS AT THE RAFT RIVER GEOTHERMAL SITE (2011)

Three conservative tracer tests have been conducted through the Bridge Fault fracture zone at the Raft River Geothermal (RRG) site. All three tests were conducted between injection well RRG-5 and production wells RRG-1 (790 m distance) and RRG-4 (740 m distance). The injection well is used during the summer months to provide pressure support to the production wells. The first test was conducted in 2008 using 136 kg of fluorescein tracer. Two additional tracers were injected in 2010. The first 2010 tracer injected was 100 kg fluorescein disodium hydrate salt on June, 21. The second tracer (100 kg 2,6-naphthalene disulfonic acid sodium salt) was injected one month later on July 21. Sampling of the two productions wells is still being performed to obtain the tail end of the second 2010 tracer test. Tracer concentrations were measured using HPLC with a fluorescence detector. Results for the 2008 test, suggest 80% tracer recover at the two production wells. Of the tracer recovered, 85% of tracer mass was recovered in well RRG-4 indicating a greater flow pathway connection between injection well and RRG-4 than RRG-1. Fluorescein tracer results appear to be similar between the 2008 and 2010 tests for well RRG-4 with peak concentrations arriving approximately 20 days after injection despite the differences between the injection rates for the two tests (~950 gpm to 475 gpm) between the 2008 and 2010. The two 2010 tracer tests will be compared to determine if the results support the hypothesis that rock contraction along the flow pathway due to the 55 oC cooler water injection alters the flow through the ~140 oC reservoir.
Subjective and Physiological Effects After Controlled Sativex and Oral THC Administration (2011)

Sativex is a cannabis-plant extract delivering nearly 1:1 Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) by oromucosal spray. It has been suggested that CBD attenuates THC-induced tachycardia, anxiety, and euphoria. In this study, pharmacodynamic effects were compared over 10.5 h in nine cannabis smokers randomly assigned to receive placebo, 5 and 15 mg oral synthetic THC, and low (5.4 mg THC, 5.0 mg CBD) and high (16.2 mg THC, 15.0 mg CBD) doses of Sativex. At therapeutic doses, no substantial CBD-induced modulation of THC's effects was evident. Oral THC and Sativex produced similar, clinically insignificant increases in heart rate, anxiety, and "good drug effects" with no serious adverse events. Oral and oromucosal THC have slower absorption, lower rate of THC delivery to the brain, and fewer associated adverse events as compared with smoked cannabis. These results indicate that Sativex has a pharmacodynamic safety profile comparable to that of oral THC at low, therapeutic doses.
Shallow land burial technology development - arid (1982)

The experimental results obtained during FY-1982 on biointrusion barrier testing, migration barrier testing, and ground and surface water management system testing are described. The results of the small lysimeter study on biointrusion barriers are presented and the larger scale experiments in progress are described. The results of the experiments to determine the migration potential for water under unsaturated conditions are described. Preliminary results on the wick system experiment are presented. A comparison of model calculations and experimental results on the water movement experiments is also presented.
Erratum: The police officer's terrorist dilemma: trust resilience following fatal errors (2008)

The Police Officer's Terrorist Dilemma: Trust Resilience Following Fatal Errors By Mathew P. White, J. Christopher Cohrs and Anja S. Goöritz. The above article (DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.488) was published online in Early View on 4 December 2007. On page 9 and 10 incorrect text and figures were published in the initial online article. The correct text and figures are reproduced below: The results are summarised in Figures 1 and 2. Estimated means were deemed significantly different from zero (the scale mid-point) if their 99.9% confidence intervals did not contain zero. Figure 1 shows Trust in Officers if the Suspect was Armed. Shoot responses (Hits) resulted in higher trust for High versus Low Severity and for people High versus Low in RWA. These effects combined such that trust following a Low Severity Hit was not significantly above zero for people low in RWA. Don't Shoot responses (Misses) resulted in lower trust for High versus Low Severity and for people High versus Low in RWA. Although trust was significantly negative for High Severity Misses for both High and Low RWA, it was only significantly negative for High RWA participants under Low Severity. In other words, Trust in Officers was resilient to the Low Severity Miss among people low in RWA. Figure 2 shows Trust in Officers if the suspect was Unarmed. This time Don't Shoot responses (All Clears) resulted in trust levels significantly above zero in all cases. However, the only time when incorrect Shoot responses (False Alarms) resulted in a significant decrease in trust was among those low in RWA in the High Severity condition. Among high RWA participants, Low Severity False Alarms even resulted in a significant increase in trust. The moderating effect of Right-Wing Authoritarianism on Trust in Officers for incidents involving Unarmed suspects; depicted are estimated means with Pre-Trust at the sample mean. Notes: Low RWA = (−1 SD), High RWA = (+1 SD). *Significantly (n.s., not significantly) different from zero (p < .001) The moderating effect of Right-Wing Authoritarianism on Trust in Officers for incidents involving Armed suspects; depicted are estimated means with Pre-Trust at the sample mean. Notes: Low RWA = (−1 SD), High RWA = (+1 SD). *Significantly (n.s., not significantly) different from zero (p < .001)
Kinematics of Eley-Rideal Reactions at Hyperthermal Energies (2016)

Direct or Eley-Rideal reactions between energetic N^{+} and O^{+} projectiles and O atoms, adsorbed onto Pt and Pd surfaces, are studied experimentally at incidence energies between 20 and 200 eV. The exit energies of the diatomic molecular products NO and O_{2} depend linearly on the incidence energy of the corresponding projectiles. A reaction mechanism is proposed, where the incident projectile collides with a single metal atom on the surface, linked to an adsorbed O atom. At the apsis point, a high-energy transient state is formed between the projectile, substrate, and adsorbate atoms. As the projectile begins to rebound, the transient state decomposes into a diatomic molecule, consisting of the original projectile and the adsorbed O atom, which exits the surface with memory of the incidence energy. Energy and momentum conservation during this single-bounce event (atom in, molecule out) accurately predict the exit energy of the molecular product, thus capturing the kinematics of the direct reaction.
Puromycin technology for in vitro evolution and proteome exploration (2006)

Puromycin, an analogue of the 3 ’ end of aminoacyl-tRNA, is transferred non-specifically to growing polypeptide chains, causing premature termination of translation. However, we found that, at very low concentration, puromycin is transferred specifically to the carboxyl (C-) terminus of the full-length protein. The term puromycin technology refers to methods which have been developed based on this property, including the in vitro virus (IVV) display technique, in which an mRNA (genotype) and its protein (phenotype) are linked via puromycin, and the technique of specific in vitro C-terminal protein labeling. Novel and convenient applications based on puromycin technology have been employed not only for evolutionary protein engineering, such as protein-directed selection, but also in various fields of proteomics research, such as fluorescence labeling, affinity purification (pull-down assay), protein-protein interaction analysis, and protein chips. Here, we review the properties of puromycin that make this technology possible, and the already extensive range of applications of this technology. Kyewords: puromycine, evolution, proteome, in vitro virus (IVV), C-terminal protein labeling
An Approach to Ranking Integrated Models for Risk Assessment by Using the Internet of Intelligences (2016)

In natural disaster risk assessment, it is referred to as integrated model which is used to integrate information. The statistical model is essentially integrated model. Usually, people try to search the reasons that choose a model from the theory or case. Based on the thinking of experimental riskology, this paper puts forward with the idea that an experimental platform, which is used to test integrated models, can be built with the Internet of intelligences. In this way, models can be ranked, that provides some reference for the users. In this paper, the models of analytic hierarchy process, the median method corresponding to time and comprehensive evaluation method are used to integrate the useful information provided by three agents online in the gobang game, and then play with the computer. Through analyzing the results of Human-Computer Fighting people can judge which model is better. The experimental results show that for gobang, the effect of simple comprehensive evaluation method is better than analytic hierarchy process.
Investigation on applidability of twbulenoe models low reqno ls flows (1991)

There are many arguments on the empericalconstants of the turbulence models becausetheir ariginal values are selected on thebasis of the dimensional analysis.Especia-lly,the particular model form of the gene-ration -destruction terms in the transpo-rt equation for the turbulent kinetic ene-rgy dissipation rate epsilon has been treated asa source of the arguments.Having recogniz-ed the cause for sensitivities of calcula-tions on the relevant constants,this studycould be performed to evaluate the applic-ability of the turbulence models adoptedadopted in AQUA to relatively slow flowsthrough analyses of a typical thermal cav-ity problem and the 7th IAHR benchmark pr-oblem featuring many aspects of the pheno-mena predicted during the natural circula-tion decay heat removals in the FBR react-or vessel.Despite the level of handled tu-rbulence models,such as the standard kappa&epsilontwo-equation model and the algebraic stre-ss/flux model,the calculation results arefairly sensitive to the varitions of thepe
Quantifying Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer by Digital Imaging (2005)

Developments in digital imaging and fluorescent microscopy provide a new method and opportunities for quantification of protein expression in human tissue. Archived collections of paraffin-embedded tumors can be used to study the relationship between quantitative differences in protein expression in tumors and patient outcome. In this report we describe the use of a DeltaVision Restoration deconvolution microscope, combined with fluorescent immunohistochemistry, to obtain reproducible and quantitative estimates of protein expression in a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. As proof of principle, we used antibodies to the estrogen and progesterone receptors in a hormone receptor-positive breast cancer specimen. We provide guidelines for control of day-to-day variability in camera and microscope performance to ensure that image acquisition leads to reproducible quantitative estimates of protein expression. We show that background autofluorescence related to formalin fixation can be controlled and that for proteins that are expressed in nearly every cell, multiplexing two primary antibodies on the same slide does not significantly affect the results obtained. We demonstrate that for proteins whose expression varies markedly from cell to cell, data reproducibility, as assessed by imaging successive tissue sections, is more difficult to determine.
Acid-Base Equilibria in Acetonitrile. Spectrophotometric and Conductometric Determination of the Dissociation of Various Acids<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-Base Equilibria in Acetonitrile. Spectrophotometric and Conductometric Determination of the Dissociation of Various Acids1I. M. Kolthoff, S. Bruckenstein, and M. K. Chantooni Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 19, 3927–3935Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01480a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views987Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (998 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Novel Reordering Model Based on Multi-layer Phrase for Statistical Machine Translation (2010)

Phrase reordering is of great importance for statistical machine translation. According to the movement of phrase translation, the pattern of phrase reordering can be divided into three classes: monotone, BTG (Bracket Transduction Grammar) and hierarchy. It is a good way to use different styles of reordering models to reorder different phrases according to the characteristics of both the reordering models and phrases itself. In this paper a novel reordering model based on multi-layer phrase (PRML) is proposed, where the source sentence is segmented into different layers of phrases on which different reordering models are applied to get the final translation. This model has some advantages: different styles of phrase reordering models are easily incorporated together; when a complicated reordering model is employed, it can be limited in a smaller scope and replaced with an easier reordering model in larger scope. So this model better trade-offs the translation speed and performance simultaneously. 1
Localization of Abscess with an Iodinated Synthetic Chemotactic Peptide (1982)

N-formyl Nle-Leu-Phe-Nle-Tyr-Lys is a potent synthetic chemotactic peptide (CP), which binds to chemotactic receptors of neutrophils with high affinity. Because the peptide contains a tyrosine moiety, it can be readily labeled with a radioactive iodine. In this study, we investigated the possibility of abscess localization by i.v. administration of this radioiodinated CP. The peptide was iodinated with 125I using chloramine-T and purified using Bio-Gel P-2 chromatography. The final preparation had a purity of 88.5 +/- 3.8% (n = 6) and a specific radioactivity of 600-800 ci/mM. The iodinated CP bound to rabbit neutrophils specifically; its binding could be prevented by non-labeled CP. When 4-6 ng of 125-I-CP per kg body weight was injected into abscess-bearing rabbits, there was an immediate, but transient neutropenia, followed by a rebound neutrophilia. The abscess to muscle (A/M) ratio was 11.6 +/- 1.1 at 6 hrs and 11.0 +/- 4.7 at 24 hrs after injection; while the abscess to blood (A/B) ratio was 0.9 +/- 0.2 and 3.7 +/- 0.6 at 6 and 24 hrs post injection, respectively. Control animals injected with Na125I revealed an A/M ratio of 2.9 +/- 0.2 and an A/B ratio of 0.9 +/- 0.3 at 6 hrs after injection. Analysis of the radioactivity in the blood after 125I-CP administration, revealed that the majority (less than 87%) of the radioactivity was present as 125I-CP in the plasma fraction. Our results suggest that radioiodinated synthetic CP shows promise for abscess localization. However, further refinement of the method is required.
Critical review: Significance of Force degradation study with respect to current Pharmaceutical Scenario (2013)

Stress testing of the drug substance can help to identify the likely degradation products, which can in turn help to establish the degradation pathways and the intrinsic stability of the molecule. Quantitative estimation of degradation products and establishment of mass balance should be done by various hyphenated techniques. After quantitative estimation of degradation, isolation of the degradation products can be done with the help of different methods like TLC, flash chromatography (column chromatography) and preparative HPLC. After concurrent isolation, characterization of the degradation products should be done with the help of Ultraviolet spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR Spectroscopy, Mass Spectroscopy and HPLC. From the literature survey of antihypertensive drugs, it was found that major alkaline degradation products were found in angiotensin-II receptor antagonist (containing tetrazole moiety) for e.g. Losartan, Valsartan and Telmisartan etc. Dihydropyridine moiety containing calcium channel blocker drugs shows major photo degradation products for e.g. Amlodipine, Felodipine, Nilvadipine, Nimodipine etc. Due to amide group in anticancer taxanes (for e.g. Paclitaxel, Docetaxel), they shows major alkali degradation. Tetracycline antibiotics show major thermal degradation due to epimerization of tetracycline. Fluoroquinone antibiotics show photo degradation due to 8th position of Fluoroquinolone moiety containing halogen group. Deacetylation Causes acidic degradation of Cephalosporin antibiotics. Amide hydrolysis results in acidic degradation of β-lactum antibiotics such as Dicloxacillin, Sultamicillin and Temocillin. Hydroxylation of cyclohexane group in Glipizide and Glimipride (antidiabetic drugs) causes both acidic and alkaline degradation. This paper discusses importance of force degradation study and degradation products with suitable examples of different categories of drugs.
Differential Thermal Analysis (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDifferential Thermal AnalysisRalph H. MüllerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 4, 103A–105APublication Date (Print):April 1, 1963Publication History Published online29 May 2012Published inissue 1 April 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60197a799https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60197a799research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views584Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts