gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Effects of antisense oligonucleotides on the expression of connective tissue growth factor gene and on the collagen synthesis in the cultured human keloid fibroblasts]. (2004)

The expression of CTGF gene and collagen synthesis of the cultured HKF could be inhibited by CTGF ASODN, implying that CTGF played a role in the development of excessive fibrosis of human keloid.
Mask R-CNN Deep Learning-based Approach to Detect Construction Machinery on Jobsites (2020)

Mask R-CNN Deep Learning-based Approach to Detect Construction Machinery on Jobsites Hamed Raoofi and Ali Motamedi Pages 1122-1127 (2020 Proceedings of the 37th ISARC, Kitakyushu, Japan, ISBN 978-952-94-3634-7) Abstract: IIn the construction industry, there is often a need to identify and localize assets and activities on the jobsite to assess and improve the performance of their associated processes. Traditional methods for monitoring construction activities are costly and time-consuming. Excavators and dump trucks are among the most common assets used in the construction industry. Consequently, accurately monitoring their activities can reduce time and increase the efficiency of progress monitoring. With the presence of cameras on jobsites and the advancement of methods based on artificial intelligence and computer vision, progress monitoring activities can be automated. Furthermore, by using techniques such as deep learning, a wider range of data resources can be processed, and oftentimes more accurate results can be produced for the purpose of object detection. This research proposes a computer-vision approach that utilizes a Mask Region Based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask-RCNN) to detect excavators and dump trucks in a construction site. This research investigates an innovative technique to achieve high accuracy object detection using relatively small datasets. To overcome the problem of overfitting and improve generalization, a pre-trained model based on a Microsoft COCO dataset is used as a network that presumably has already been trained to distinguish basic features. Finally, the model is further fine-tuned to minimize validation loss. Keywords: Computer Vision; Artificial Intelligence; Deep Learning; Mask R-CNN; Construction Monitoring; Progress Management DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2020/0154 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
On the Complexity of Matrix Product (2003)

Our main result is a lower bound of $\Omega(m^2 \log m)$ for the size of any arithmetic circuit for the product of two matrices, over the real or complex numbers, as long as the circuit does not use products with field elements of absolute value larger than 1 (where m × m is the size of each matrix). That is, our lower bound is superlinear in the number of inputs and is applied for circuits that use addition gates, product gates, and products with field elements of absolute value up to 1. We also prove size-depth tradeoffs for such circuits: We show that if a circuit, as above, is of depth d, then its size is $\Omega(m^{2+ 1/O(d)})$.
The <i>Rendezvous</i> architecture and language for constructing multiuser applications (1994)

When people have meetings or discussions, frequently they use conversational props : physical models, drawings, or other concrete representations of information used to enhance the exchange of information. If the participants are geographically separated, it is difficult to make effective use of props since each physical prop can only exist in one place. Computer applications that allow two or more users to simultaneously view and manipulate the same data can be used to augment human-to-human telecommunication. We have built the Rendezvous system is similar to many UIMSs or user interface toolkits in that it is intended to simplify the construction of graphical direct-manipulation interfaces. It goes beyond these systems by adding functionality to support the construction of multiuser applications. Based on experience with several large applications built with the Rendezvous system, we believe that it is useful for building conversational props and other computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) applications. We present a list of required features of conversational props, some example applications built with the Rendezvous system, and a description of the Rendezvous system.
Enhanced antitumor effects of a dendritic cell vaccine transfected with gastric cancer cell total RNA carrying the 4-1BBL gene in vitro (2011)

T cell-mediated antitumor immunity is a cellular immune response that requires two signals. The dendritic cell (DC) has been considered as the most efficient antigen-presenting cell (APC). It plays essential roles in the induction, regulation and maintenance of antitumor immunity in humans. The 4-1BB/4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) pathway plays crucial roles in immune response, tumor immunity and autoimmune diseases through transduction of T cell co-stimulatory signals. The aim of this study was to generate the preparation protocol for a DC vaccine transfected with gastric cancer cell total ribonucleic acid (RNA) carrying the 4-1 BBL gene in vitro and to investigate its antitumor effects in murine forestomach carcinoma (MFC). The vaccine was prepared by transfecting MFC total RNAs carrying the 4-1BBL gene into the DCs that were isolated from 615 mouse bones. The T cell proliferation rate in the MFC/4-1BBL/DC group was higher than that in the DC group. The tumor cell kill rate in the MFC/4-1BBL/DC group was higher than that in the DC group. ELISA analysis showed that IL-12 and IFN-γ in the MFC/4-1BBL/DC group were more highly expressed compared to the other group. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the DC vaccine transfected with gastric cancer cell total RNA carrying the 4-1BBL gene has a stronger ability to kill gastric cancer cells through promoting T cell proliferation and enhancing the ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to kill gastric carcinoma cells and to secrete IL-12 and IFN-γ. Our results provide an effective therapeutic strategy for treating gastric cancer using a DC vaccine.
THERAPEUTIC (1969)

There is a difference between everyday social conversation and nondirective or therapeutic communication. The authors suggest simple non-directive methods of communicating with patients, and give examples that should prove useful.
Structure of Chemically Deposited Ni/Si Contacts (1983)

Although widely used in the semiconductor industry, the Ni/Si contact is studied less often in literature than other contact systems. This paper presents results of experiments on the structure and electrical properties of the chemically deposited Ni/Si contact. The particular electroless Ni plating method used by the authors consists of catalytic reduction of Ni in an acid solution containing a hypophosphite as reducing agent. Phosphorus in addition to nickel deposition occurs. The silicon surface is prepared by using Pd activation centers, just prior to Ni deposition. A Ni silicide is formed by heat‐treatment at 400° – 800°C in (or ) atmosphere. The results of electrical measurements suggest the presence of an n‐type surface layer (presumably doped with P atoms) near the silicide‐silicon interface. This layer reduces the effective barrier and the contact resistance on n‐type silicon substrates. The formation of a P‐doped surface layer is confirmed by SEM, microprobe analysis and AES. The structure and electrical properties of the silicide‐silicon transition layer depend upon the temperature and atmosphere used for heat‐treatment. The higher this temperature, the stronger the P‐doping effect. The presence of in the heat‐treatment ambient favors P penetration into Si. This cheap but basically nonuniform metallization is suitable especially for large‐area power devices.
Multiple functions of BMPs in chondrogenesis (2004)

The ability of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) to promote chondrogenesis has been investigated extensively over the past two decades. Although BMPs promote almost every aspect of chondrogenesis, from commitment to terminal differentiation is well known, the mechanisms of BMP action in discrete aspects of endochondral bone formation have only recently begun to be investigated. In this review, we focus on in vivo studies that have identified interactions between BMP signaling pathways and key downstream targets of BMP action in chondrogenesis. We also discuss evidence regarding the potential roles of BMP receptors in mediating distinct aspects of chondrogenesis, and studies investigating the intersection of BMP pathways with other pathways known to coordinate the progression of chondrocytes through the growth plate. These studies indicate that both Smad-dependent and -independent BMP pathways are required for chondrogenesis, and that BMPs exert essential roles via regulation of the Indian hedgehog (IHH)/parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways in the growth plate.
Biosynthesis and metabolism of salicylic acid. (1995)

Pathways of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and metabolism in tobacco have been recently identified. SA, an endogenous regulator of disease resistance, is a product of phenylpropanoid metabolism formed via decarboxylation of trans-cinnamic acid to benzoic acid and its subsequent 2-hydroxylation to SA. In tobacco mosaic virus-inoculated tobacco leaves, newly synthesized SA is rapidly metabolized to SA O-beta-D-glucoside and methyl salicylate. Two key enzymes involved in SA biosynthesis and metabolism: benzoic acid 2-hydroxylase, which converts benzoic acid to SA, and UDPglucose:SA glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.35), which catalyzes conversion of SA to SA glucoside have been partially purified and characterized. Progress in enzymology and molecular biology of SA biosynthesis and metabolism will provide a better understanding of signal transduction pathway involved in plant disease resistance.
Electrochemical Corrosion Probe for High Resistivity Hydrocarbon/Water Mixtures (1988)

Laboratory electrochemical corrosion rate measurements have been made in highly resistive mixtures of water in hydrocarbon liquids (e.g., crude oil) using a probe with flush-mounted measuring electrodes in a coplanar configuration. The effect of the high solution resistance between the reference and working electrodes is eliminated by chemically modifying the dielectric surface between the electrodes to make it ionically conductive. This allows corrosion rates to be measured using linear polarization techniques in hydrocarbon-continuous environments of water dispersed in the liquid hydrocarbon within a heated, pressurized autoclave. Good correspondence is found between electrochemical and coupon weight loss corrosion rates. Other electrochemical corrosion tests, such as potentiodynamic polarization, have also been successfully conducted in the hydrocarbon/water mixtures.
A Low Cost P-l-N Diode Phase Shifter for Airborne Phased-Array Antennas (1974)

This paper presents a description of a p-i-n diode phase shifter that was designed for low cost production for use in X-band phased-array systems. The phase shifter is designed to make maximum use of photoetched circuit components and low cost materials, and is well suited for assembly on a fully automated assembly line. The salient features of this phase shifter are a printed-circuit transmission structure and inexpensive RF connectors that are integrated into the circuit package. The microwave performance characteristics are generally superior to those of equivalent devices; a useful bandwidth of 40 percent with an average insertion loss of 1.6 dB has been demonstrated with 3-bit units.
Preparation of Thiophene-Fused and Tetrahydroquinoline-Linked Cyclopentadienyl Titanium Complexes for Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymerization (2013)

A synthetic scheme was developed for the large-scale preparation of a dimethylthiophene-fused and tetrahydroquinaldine-linked dimethylcyclopentadienyl titanium complex (2), which is a high-performance homogeneous Ziegler catalyst. 2,3,4,5-Tetramethyl-4,5-dihydrocyclopenta[b]thiophen-6-one was prepared without chromatography purification on the 40-g scale in a laboratory setting, from which the ligand precursor for 2 was obtained in 65% yield on a 50-g scale in a one-pot without the need for chromatography purification. Metallation was achieved in a high yield (78%) through reaction of the dilithiated compound with TiCl4. Many derivatives were prepared by employing the same synthetic scheme as applied for 2. Among them, the titanium complex prepared from 2-methyl-4,5-dimethyl-6-(2-n-butyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl)-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene exhibited an exceptionally high activity. Under commercially relevant high-temperature polymerization conditions (160 °C), this compound showed a higher activity than 2 (126 × 106 g/molTi∙h versus 72 × 106 g/molTi∙h), albeit with the formation of a polymer of slightly lower molecular weight (Mw, 159,000 versus 218,000) and with a slightly lower 1-octene content (9.3 mol% versus 12 mol%).
Episodic hypoxia exacerbates respiratory muscle dysfunction in DMD<sup><i>mdx</i></sup> mice (2007)

Many patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are eventually diagnosed with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). SDB is associated with reduced ventilation, decreased arterial oxygen tension, and increased respiratory muscle recruitment during sleep, factors that could be especially detrimental to respiratory muscles in DMD. To assess whether SDB impacts dystrophin-deficient respiratory muscle function and fibrosis, diaphragm strength, and collagen content were evaluated in dystrophic mice (Dmd(mdx)) exposed to experimental SDB. Diurnal exposure to episodic hypoxia resulted in a 30% reduction in diaphragm strength without affecting collagen content. Episodic hypoxia secondary to SDB can exacerbate respiratory muscle dysfunction in DMD.
Tumour cell variants with increased immunogenicity obtained by mutagen treatment. (1985)

By treating mouse tumour cells in vitro with mutagens it is possible to obtain at high frequency variants that are rejected by normal syngeneic mice. Such variants have been designated 'tum-' to distinguish them from the original tumorigenic (tum+) cell lines. Most tum- variants appear to express new, individual antigens that can be defined in vivo by cross-protection experiments or in vitro by cytolytic T lymphocytes. The failure of tum- variants to form progressive tumours is apparently the result of an immune rejection response. Mice that have rejected a tum- variant clone are often protected against a subsequent challenge with the original tum+ cells. This was even demonstrated for two spontaneous mouse tumours for which no immunogenicity could be demonstrated otherwise. An analysis of 21 variants derived from mastocytoma P815 with cytolytic T lymphocyte populations showed that the repertoire of tum- antigens probably exceeds 50 specificities. No two variants have been found to express the same new antigen. Variant-specific long-term cytolytic T lymphocyte clones were isolated and used for the immunoselection of secondary antigen-loss variants that could then be analysed for the presence of previously undefined residual variant antigenic determinants. Somatic cell hybrids were prepared between different P815 tum- variants or between tum- variants and the original P815 cells. An analysis of the hybrids with variant-specific cytolytic T lymphocyte clones showed that the expression of tum- antigens was dominant. The intriguing paradox of the high frequency of tum- variants in populations of mutagen-treated tumour cells may require new genetic and immunological approaches before being understood.
Tb[sup 3+] Activated Green Phosphors for Plasma Display Panel Applications (2003)

The plasma display panel (PDP) as a medium of large format TV is gaining attention due to its high performance and scalability. The performance and life, or stability, of a PDP is strongly related to the nature of phosphors. Life and persistence are the main concerns in Mn-activated zinc silicate and barium-aluminate-based green phosphors. The preparation and characterization of terbium-activated-yttrium borate gadolinium borate lanthanum phosphate yttrium phosphate and their blends with Mn-activated zinc silicate and barium aluminate phosphors are presented. Despite high quantum efficiency, Mn-activated phosphors have a higher persistence (>10 ms). The persistence (10%) of -activated phosphors ranges from 8 to 10 ms, required for typical TV operation. AC PDPs (42 in.) were made with conventional zinc silicate- and Tb-activated borate phosphors. Their optical characteristics, as well as the life of the phosphors, were studied over 2 years of continuous operation. The data reveals that borate-based phosphor is stable and also improves the uniformity of discharge characteristics in ac PDPs. To overcome the blue peak and take advantage of higher lifetime and lower persistence of yttrium borate, blends of zinc silicate and yttrium borate or barium aluminate and yttrium borate phosphors are studied and their luminescent characteristics are presented. The advantage of using these blends in PDPs is discussed. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Combining tissue transcriptomics and urine metabolomics for breast cancer biomarker identification (2009)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Vehicle Pose and Shape Estimation Through Multiple Monocular Vision (2018)

In this paper, we present a method to estimate a vehicle's pose and shape from off-board multi-view images. These images are taken from monocular cameras with small overlaps. We utilize state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to extract vehicles' semantic keypoints and introduce a Cross Projection Optimization (CPO) method to estimate the 3D pose. During the iterative CPO process, an adaptive shape adjustment method named Hierarchical Wireframe Constraint (HWC) is implemented to estimate the shape. Our approach is evaluated under both simulated and real-world scenes for performance verification. It's shown that our algorithm outperforms other existing monocular and stereo methods for vehicles' pose and shape estimation. This approach provides a new and robust solution for off-board visual vehicle localization and tracking, which can be applied to massive surveillance camera networks for intelligent transportation.
Antimonide-based membranes synthesis integration and strain engineering (2016)

Antimonide compounds are fabricated in membrane form to enable materials combinations that cannot be obtained by direct growth and to support strain fields that are not possible in the bulk. InAs/(InAs,Ga)Sb type II superlattices (T2SLs) with different in-plane geometries are transferred from a GaSb substrate to a variety of hosts, including Si, polydimethylsiloxane, and metal-coated substrates. Electron microscopy shows structural integrity of transferred membranes with thickness of 100 nm to 2.5 [Formula: see text]m and lateral sizes from [Formula: see text]m<sup>2</sup> to [Formula: see text] cm<sup>2</sup> Electron microscopy reveals the excellent quality of the membrane interface with the new host. The crystalline structure of the T2SL is not altered by the fabrication process, and a minimal elastic relaxation occurs during the release step, as demonstrated by X-ray diffraction and mechanical modeling. A method to locally strain-engineer antimonide-based membranes is theoretically illustrated. Continuum elasticity theory shows that up to [Formula: see text]3.5% compressive strain can be induced in an InSb quantum well through external bending. Photoluminescence spectroscopy and characterization of an IR photodetector based on InAs/GaSb bonded to Si demonstrate the functionality of transferred membranes in the IR range.
Theoretical studies of high power millimeter wave quasi-optical gyro-amplifiers (1995)

Summary form only given. The quasi-optical gyro travelling wave amplifier is a novel concept for generating high power, high frequency coherent microwave radiation. For high frequency operation, conventional gyrotron amplifiers operating in low order modes are susceptible to absolute instabilities and have minimal beam clearance. Quasi-optical gyrotron amplifiers can avoid these problems, and also have low ohmic loss and a high quality Gaussian beam output. We present a linear and a non-linear theory of a 95 GHz quasi-optical gyrotron amplifier. The concept employs two sets of mirrors parallel to each other with a small offset so that a Gaussian beam can bounce between mirrors in a serpentine path along the beam line. A gyrotron electron beam propagates through the center of the radiation spot almost perpendicular to the Gaussian beam. Theoretical study shows that as the angle between the beam and the radiation changes from normal to parallel. The gait, mechanism changes between two regimes, namely gain nearly proportional to l/sup 3/ (l is the interaction length) for large angles and gain nearly proportional to l/sup 2/ for small angles. The linear theory of the quasi-optical gyrotron amplifier is derived using Floquet's theorem, and assuming unperturbed distribution function at each of the periodicity length.
IRS: A Detour Routing System to Improve Quality of Online Games (2011)

Long network latency negatively impacts the performance of online games, and thus mechanisms are needed to mitigate its effects in order to provide a high-quality gaming experience. In this paper, we propose an indirect relay system (IRS) to forward game-state updates over detour paths in order to reduce the round-trip time (RTT) among players. We first collect extensive traces for RTTs among actual players in online games. We then analyze these traces to quantify the potential performance gain of the detour routing. Our analysis reveals that substantial reduction in the RTTs is possible. For example, our results indicate that more than 40% of players can observe at least 100 ms of RTT reduction by routing game-state updates through 1-hop detour paths. Because of the reduction in RTTs, players can join more gaming sessions that were not available to them due to long RTTs of the direct paths. Most importantly, we design and implement a complete IRS system for online games. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first system that directly reduces RTTs among players in online games, while previous works in the literature mitigate the long RTT issue by either hiding it from players or preventing players with high RTTs from being in the same game session. We implement the proposed IRS system and deploy it on 500 PlanetLab nodes. The results from real experiments show that the IRS system improves the online gaming quality from several aspects, while incurring negligible network and processing overheads. In particular, we observe that, with the proposed IRS system, more than 80% of game sessions achieve 100 ms or higher RTT reduction.
Atomic Layer Deposition of a Submonolayer Catalyst for the Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance of Water Oxidation with Hematite (2013)

Hematite photoanodes were coated with an ultrathin cobalt oxide layer by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The optimal coating-1 ALD cycle, which amounts to <1 monolayer of Co(OH)2/Co3O4-resulted in significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance. A stable, 100-200 mV cathodic shift in the photocurrent onset potential was observed that is correlated to an order of magnitude reduction in the resistance to charge transfer at the Fe2O3/H2O interface. Furthermore, the optical transparency of the ultrathin Co(OH)2/Co3O4 coating establishes it as a particularly advantageous treatment for nanostructured water oxidation photoanodes. The photocurrent of catalyst-coated nanostructured inverse opal scaffold hematite photoanodes reached 0.81 and 2.1 mA/cm(2) at 1.23 and 1.53 V, respectively.