gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Increase in Superoxide Generation of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids in the Model of Late Asthmatic Response in Guinea Pigs (1993)

To clarify the possible role of superoxide anion of bronchoalveolar cells in the pathogenesis of late asthmatic response (LAR), I performed an allergen inhalation test using a guinea pig LAR model and estimated subsequent changes in activities of superoxide generation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs). Significant increases in superoxide generation of BALFs occurred not only immediately, but 6 hr after ovalbumin inhalation challenge in the LAR model, and the increased levels were prolonged 24 hr later. The present results suggest that significant increases in superoxide anion of the respiratory cells were involved in the antigen-induced late responsiveness of bronchial asthma.
Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity in rat cultured osteoclasts is inhibited by a carboxyl terminal peptide (osteostatin) from parathyroid hormone‐related protein (1994)

A carboxyl-terminal peptide sequence ("osteostatin") from parathyroid hormone related protein has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on osteoclastic bone resorption--an action opposite to its amino-terminal sequence. In this study, we proposed that inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption by osteostatin was associated with reduction of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) activity in osteoclasts. Our results have indicated that osteostatin reduced TRAcP activity in a dose dependent manner. This effect of osteostatin was both sensitive (half maximal effect approximately 5 x 10(-13) M) and potent (maximum inhibition approximately 50% of control). In the first 90 min of treatment, however, reduction of TRAcP activity was erratic but became persistent and progressive when the time course was extended. Moreover, throughout the experimental period the levels of TRAcP activity in the culture medium had fallen significantly. It appears that osteostatin has a biphasic effect on TRAcP activity, inhibiting its secretion and either suppressing its synthesis or increasing its degradation. In addition, osteostatin induced rapid cellular retraction of both human and rat cultured osteoclasts, which was morphologically distinct from that produced by calcitonin.
IMPROVING CHILD AND ADOLESCENT HEALTH THROUGH SCHOOLS: LEARNING FROM AUSTRALIA (1998)

Abstract Child and adolescent health is a serious concern in South Africa With a growing population of young people with unacceptable levels of mortality, morbidity and risk-taking behaviour, schools should be utilised to address certain health issues. This article defines the concept of Health Promoting Schools (HPS), presents the goals thereof, and lists the potential people to be involved in HPS. Background is supplied to the historical development of HPS in Australia where the concept has evolved from a personal hygiene approach to a comprehensive one over the last 20 years, and parallels are drawn between South African and Australian experiences and situations. Suggestions regarding i) the successful implementation of HPS, ii) establishment of networks to improve collaboration between interested parties, iii) initiative to increase the profile of school health, and iv) improving research in school health education and health promotion are made.
Design and Development of Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Proximally Phosphorylated Peptide and Protein Motifs (2015)

While protein phosphorylation is recognized as a chief regulator of protein activity, little is known about the significance of the relative spatial separation among the phosphorylated sites. Specifically, while proximal phosphorylation on two or more residues appears to be associated with disease, no simple methods for the detection of this motif are commercially available. To address this, we developed a simple yet robust chemosensory approach, whose selectivity for proximally phosphorylated motifs relied upon the stoichiometry of sensor binding. A single chemosensor molecule, consisting of a pyrene excimer-forming fluorophore and a phosphate-binding Zn2+-cyclen unit, was predicted to associate with a single phosphorylated site. Thus, a proximally phosphorylated motif would be capable of binding more than one sensor molecule bringing their pyrene units into close proximity, which in turn would induce measurable excimer fluorescence. The turn-on mechanism of the developed approach, and its non-covalent mode of action, enabled the application of this system towards the detection of proximally phosphorylated peptides and proteins in a variety of widely used research platforms. These include aqueous solutions, polyacrylamide gels, blotting membranes, microplate surfaces, as well as in cell imaging. A powerful feature of this approach in gel and blot assays, was its compatibility with additional downstream analyses using other stains as well as mass spectrometry. The signal detection could be achieved using standard equipment available to a majority of laboratories. In the course of this work we have extensively optimized this sensory system from the biophysical and chemical perspectives. Guided by the classical principles of molecular recognition, this thesis work yielded the most efficient chemosensory system for the detection of proximally phosphorylated proteins described to date, and adds significant value to the fields of fundamental phospho-proteomics, disease characterization and drug development.
Radiation crosslinking of poly[bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)phosphazene]: effect on solid-state ionic conductivity (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiation crosslinking of poly[bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)phosphazene]: effect on solid-state ionic conductivityJordan L. Bennett, Alexa A. Dembek, Harry R. Allcock, Bruce J. Heyen, and Duward F. ShriverCite this: Chem. Mater. 1989, 1, 1, 14–16Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00001a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00001a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ReDO: Cross-Layer Multi-Objective Design-Exploration Framework for Efficient Soft Error Resilient Systems (2018)

Designing soft errors resilient systems is a complex engineering task, which nowadays follows a cross-layer approach. It requires a careful planning for different fault-tolerance mechanisms at different system's layers: starting from the technology up to the software domain. While these design decisions have a positive effect on the reliability of the system, they usually have a detrimental effect on its size, power consumption, performance and cost. Design space exploration for cross-layer reliability is therefore a multi-objective search problem in which reliability must be traded-off with other design dimensions. This paper proposes a cross-layer multi-objective design space exploration algorithm developed to help designers when building soft error resilient electronic systems. The algorithm exploits a system-level Bayesian reliability estimation model to analyze the effect of different cross-layer combinations of protection mechanisms on the reliability of the full system. A new heuristic based on the extremal optimization theory is used to efficiently explore the design space. Two exploration strategies are proposed. The first strategy aims at optimizing the reliability of the system alone. It is suited in those cases in which reaching a given reliability target is the sole goal. It focuses on finding a reduced set of system's components that, when protected, allow the designer to reach the desired reliability level. As a positive effect, by reducing the number of protected components, the overhead introduced by the fault tolerance techniques is reduced as well. The second strategy jointly considers the effect that the introduced fault-tolerance mechanisms have on the execution time, power, hardware area and software size. This strategy supports the exploration of the design space setting multiple objectives on different design dimensions. An extended set of simulations shows the capability of this framework when applied both to benchmark applications and realistic systems, providing optimized systems that outperform those obtained by applying state-of-the-art cross-layer reliability techniques.
Sensing Touch Force using Active Acoustic Sensing (2015)

We present a lightweight technique with which creators can prototype force-sensitive objects by attaching a pair of piezoelectric elements: one a vibration speaker and one a contact microphone. The key idea behind our technique is that touch force, in addition to the way the object is touched, can also be observed as different resonant frequency spectra. We also show that recognition of a touch and estimation of the touch force can be implemented by using the combination of support vector classification (SVC) and support vector regression (SVR). An experiment with an additional pressure sensor revealed that our technique might perform well in estimating touch force. We also show a tool for machine learning based on our technique that uses an animated guide, allowing creators to give the system both the training data and the labels for training machine learning needed for dealing with continuous-valued output such as SVR.
NADPH oxidase and enhanced superoxide generation in intrauterine undernourished rats: involvement of the renin–angiotensin system (2003)

Our study shows that NADPH oxidase inhibition attenuated superoxide anion generation and ameliorated vascular function in rats submitted to intrauterine undernutrition. Although it is not clear which mechanisms are responsible for the increase in NADPH oxidase activity, a role for ANG II-mediated superoxide production via activation of NADPH oxidase is suggested.
Passive immunization for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. (1991)

Passive immunization using serum or immunoglobulin preparations has been used in the prophylaxis and treatment of many bacterial and viral diseases. Preliminary attempts to use these methods to prevent HIV infection in chimpanzees have been promising. With the identification of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies with protective activity against HIV in in vitro systems, the possibility of using these reagents in vivo takes on new relevance. The potential and problems of using passively administered anti-HIV antibodies for HIV prophylaxis and treatment are discussed, as well as the relative merits of polyclonal versus monoclonal reagents.
Instrumentation and Fundamental Studies on Glow Discharge—Microwave-Induced Plasma (GD-MIP) Tandem Source for Optical Emission Spectrometry (1996)

Instrumentation and fundamental studies on glow discharge–microwave-induced plasma (GD-MIP) tandem source are described in this paper. Mutual effects among parameters, vacuum pressure, discharge current, voltage, and microwave power are examined with different cathode materials. Sputtering rates with and without microwave boost are measured under various experimental conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that the introduction of a microwave plasma will significantly decrease the sampling rate. A possible mechanism for the more uniform erosion obtained with microwave plasma boosting is suggested and discussed. Excitation temperatures are measured with the line-pair method and Boltzmann plot. A considerable increase in the excitation temperature (from about 3500 to 4200 K by using the line-pair method) is found with the addition of microwave plasma boosting. A comparison of the behavior of glow discharge alone and the GD-MIP tandem source is made. Significant enhancements in signal intensities are observed. The experimental results suggest that the excitation temperature plays an important role in signal enhancement.
An energy efficient multimodal Wireless Video Sensor Network with eZ430&#x2013;RF2500 modules (2010)

In video surveillance there is an ever-growing demand for heavily distributed radio cooperating objects that Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can satisfy. We present a preliminary study of an energy efficient multimodal WVSN using a main node deciding which camera to trigger based on the information from a Pyroelectric InfraRed (PIR) network. The evaluation of the proposed approach against the solution with PIRs onboard shows significantly reduced cameras' ON-time, enabling network lifetime prolongation up to 75%. Furthermore, including cameras ' available energy in wake-up rules, which would be significant for the networks comprising a photovoltaic power source, augments additionally the system's lifetime. The performance of our approach is evaluated in MATLAB simulation.
Sol‐Gel‐Based Template Synthesis and Li‐Insertion Rate Performance of Nanostructured Vanadium Pentoxide (1999)

We have prepared nanostructured electrodes of orthorhombic using the template synthesis method. These electrodes were used to investigate the effects of Li‐ion diffusion distance and surface area on rate capability. Nanowires of were prepared by depositing a precursor into the pores of microporous polycarbonate filtration membranes. This procedure yielded an ensemble of 115 nm diam, 2 μm long nanowires of which protruded from a surface layer like the bristles of a brush. The galvanostatic discharge performance of these nanostructured electrodes was compared to a thin‐film electrode of similar mass and geometric area. The storage capacity of the thin‐film electrode was equivalent to that of the nanostructured electrode at low (C/20) discharge rates. However, at a rate of 200 C, the nanostructured electrode delivered three times the capacity of the thin film electrode. Above 500 C the nanostructured electrode delivered four times the capacity of the thin‐film control electrode. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Targeting Bcl-2 family members with the BH3 mimetic AT-101 markedly enhances the therapeutic effects of chemotherapeutic agents in in vitro and in vivo models of B-cell lymphoma (2008)

Overexpression of antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family are observed in approximately 80% of B-cell lymphomas, contributing to intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. Nullifying antiapoptotic function can potentially overcome this in-trinsic and acquired drug resistance. AT-101 is a BH3 mimetic known to be a potent inhibitor of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members including Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L), and Mcl-1. In vitro, AT-101 exhibits concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity against lymphoma and multiple myeloma cell lines, enhancing the activity of cytotoxic agents. The IC(50) for AT-101 is between 1 and 10 microM for a diverse panel of B-cell lymphomas. AT-101 was synergistic with carfilzomib (C), etoposide (E), doxorubicin (D), and 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) lines. In a transformed large B-cell lymphoma line (RL), AT-101 was synergistic when sequentially combined with 4-HC, but not when both drugs were added simultaneously. AT-101 also induced potent mitochondrial membrane depolarization (Delta Psi m) and apoptosis when combined with carfilzomib, but not with bortezomib in MCL. In severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) beige mouse models of drug-resistant B-cell lymphoma, 35 mg/kg per day of AT-101 was safe and efficacious. The addition of AT-101 to cyclophosphamide (Cy) and rituximab (R) in a schedule-dependent manner enhanced the efficacy of the conventional therapy.
[Professional profile of primary health care personnel. A Delphi study]. (1996)

The Delphi method is a useful technique for determining professional profiles. Paediatricians have a more sharply defined profile than doctors and nursing staff.
The role of amniotic passage in the egg-adaptation of human influenza virus is revealed by haemagglutinin sequence analyses (1993)

Obtaining an isolate of a human influenza virus in the allantoic cavity of the embryonated hen's egg is more efficient if the clinical sample is initially passaged in the amniotic cavity. To investigate the extent to which the variants present after allantoic propagation are also selected by amniotic passage, clinical virus passaged once in the amnion has been subjected to extensive genetic and antigenic analyses. The data indicate that the natural virus can replicate unrestrictedly within the amnion. However, exposure of amniotic virus to the allantois during the incubation period, which will occur through the hole between the amniotic and allantoic cavities caused by the inoculating needle, allows for the possibility of an egg-adapted variant establishing replication within the allantois and returning to the amnion. These observations illustrate why prior passage in the amnion increases the probability of a variant successfully establishing itself during a subsequent allantoic passage.
Isolation of lung carcinoma-associated antibodies from immune complexes and production of heterologous antisera. (1982)

Immune complexes isolated from pleural effusions of lung carcinomas were dissociated by ion exchange chromatography in the presence of 8 M urea. The antibodies thus obtained from 2 lung adenocarcinomas and 2 squamous cell carcinomas were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence against a variety of target cells in fresh suspensions, tissue cultures, and paraffin-embedded sections. Strong cytoplasmic fluorescence was obtained with greater than 90% of the cell populations of all major histological types of lung carcinomas, and negative fluorescence was obtained with the cells of normal lung tissues and most of the nonpulmonary carcinomas. Antigen fractions prepared from the same lung carcinoma-associated immune complexes were used to immunize rabbits for the production of antisera directed against human lung carcinoma. The rabbit antibody preparations after proper absorptions were assayed in indirect immunofluorescence showing patterns of reactivity with normal and tumor cells of various derivations similar to those obtained with the human antibodies. Complete blocking of immunofluorescence staining with both allogeneic and xenogeneic antibody preparations was achieved by prior absorption with lung tumor tissue extracts or with various lung tumor antigen preparations. The present study demonstrates the isolation from lung tumor effusion immune complexes of antibodies with high affinity for lung carcinoma cells and of antigens that can be used to produce tumor-directed heterologous antibodies. The immunofluorescence staining of lung carcinoma-associated antigens in situ on paraffin-embedded sections provides new, topographical information.
A unique proteolytic fragment of human fibrinogen containing the A alpha COOH-terminal domain of the native molecule. (1990)

The COOH-terminal portion of the A alpha chain of human fibrinogen is highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation. This property has prevented isolation of the COOH-terminal domain of fibrinogen for the direct investigation of its functional characteristics. Human fibrinogen was degraded with hementin, a fibrinogen-olytic protease from the posterior salivary glands of the leech, Haementeria ghilianii. Two initial fragments, Yhem1 and Dhem1, produced by cleavage through the three polypeptide chains in the connector region, were characterized and shown to retain the entire A alpha COOH-terminal domain. Late cleavages by hementin occurred in the A alpha chain COOH-terminal region to produce fragments Yhem and Dhem with shorter A alpha chain remnants. Fragments Dhem were isolated from an intermediate hementin digest of fibrinogen using anion-exchange chromatography. Fragment Dhem1 was separated further from Dhem fragments with shorter alpha chain remnants by affinity chromatography on immobilized plasma fibronectin. Fragment Dhem1 represents a unique proteolytic fragment of fibrinogen containing an intact A alpha chain COOH-terminal region. NH2-terminal sequence analysis of isolated chains from fragment Dhem1 located hementin cleavage sites in the connector region to A alpha Asn102-Asn103, B beta Lys130-Gln131, and gamma Pro76-Asn77. The specific interaction of fragment Dhem1 with immobilized fibronectin indicated that the binding site probably was located within the COOH-terminal 111 amino acids of the A alpha chain. The overall pattern of fibrinogen cleavage by hementin is similar to that of plasmin, yet hementin cleaves preferably in the coiled-coil connector, sparing the A alpha COOH-terminal domain.
iPod distraction (2007)

Portable music players such as Apple's iPod have become ubiquitous in many environments, but one environment in particular has elicited new safety concerns and challenges -- in-vehicle use while driving. We present the first study of portable music-player interaction while driving, examining the effects of iPod interaction by drivers navigating a typical roadway in a driving simulator. Results showed that selecting media on the iPod had a significant effect on driver performance as measured by lateral deviation from lane center; the effect was comparable to previously reported effects of dialing a cellular phone. In addition, selecting media and watching videos had a significant effect on car-following speed, resulting in speed reductions that presumably compensated for impaired lateral performance. Given that iPod interaction has become increasingly common while driving, these results serve as a first step toward understanding the potential effects of portable music-player interaction on driver behavior and performance.
Bone and Soft-Tissue Lesions: What Factors Affect Diagnostic Yield of Image-guided Core-Needle Biopsy? (2008)

Diagnostic yield is higher in lytic than in sclerotic bone lesions, in larger lesions, and for longer specimens. Obtaining a minimum of three specimens in bone lesions and four specimens in soft-tissue lesions optimizes diagnostic yield.
Single trial analysis on EEG signatures to identify individuals (2010)

This paper presents a biometric authentication system using brain signature to identify individuals. Research on brain signals has shown that each individual has a unique brain wave pattern for similar activities. EEG signals are recorded for three mental tasks from different subjects to extract the distinctive brain signature of the individual. 15 subjects participated in this experiment. A novel protocol and algorithm using neural networks is proposed. Single trial analysis is performed to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. The identification performance of the neural network by single trial analysis is 78.6%.
IPv4 Address Conflict Detection (2008)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.