gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Un sujet en souffrance? Rcit de soi, violence et magie Java (2003)

A travers l'etude de quelques recits contemporains de rapport au monde invisible, il est possible d'inferer l'existence, a Java, d'une economie morale de la volition specifique, c'est-a-dire de facons particulieres de se dire. Ces recits de soi evoquent des modes d'acces differencies a l'univers magique : un mode ludique (les jeux de Nini Thowok et du jailangkung), un mode tragique (l'invocation des djinns et des thuyul, qui implique le vol et le sacrifice de ses proches, le lynchage des sorciers presumes par des foules prises de folie pour se premunir de l'agression magique). Mais dans tous les cas, l'operation magique suppose la fiction utile d'un desir et d'une volonte desindividualises : le temps de l'enonciation magique de soi est un temps d'oubli de soi, un temps ascetique de deni des sens et des sentiments. C'est aussi un temps de reaffirmation de la nature territoriale, partant communautaire du lien politique. Se dire, faire le recit magique de soi, c'est se reconnaitre partie prenante d'une communaute morale elusive, susceptible de se cloturer par la violence.
Swallowable Wireless Capsule Endoscopy: Progress and Technical Challenges (2011)

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) offers a feasible noninvasive way to detect the whole gastrointestinal (GI) tract and revolutionizes the diagnosis technology. However, compared with wired endoscopies, the limited working time, the low frame rate, and the low image resolution limit the wider application. The progress of this new technology is reviewed in this paper, and the evolution tendencies are analyzed to be high image resolution, high frame rate, and long working time. Unfortunately, the power supply of capsule endoscope (CE) is the bottleneck. Wireless power transmission (WPT) is the promising solution to this problem, but is also the technical challenge. Active CE is another tendency and will be the next geneion of the WCE. Nevertheless, it will not come true shortly, unless the practical locomotion mechanism of the active CE in GI tract is achieved. The locomotion mechanism is the other technical challenge, besides the challenge of WPT. The progress about the WPT and the active capsule technology is reviewed.
Oral rehydration therapy — simple administration of basic nutrients (2012)

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a helpful strategy in managing critically ill patients from day 1. ORT solutions supply small amounts of nutrients that are readily absorbed by the small intestine and more specifically, provide nutrients to the cells that line the small intestine thus promoting gastrointestinal function and integrity. ORT solutions can be used in patients who have gastroenteritis, pancreatitis or a variety of other conditions. It is cost effective and easily administered by owners or staff members.
Relative Balance of Serratus Anterior and Upper Trapezius Muscle Activity during Push-Up Exercises (2004)

Clinical selection of exercises for improving scapular control should consider both maximum serratus activation and upper trapezius/serratus anterior ratios.
Leptin Receptor Mutation Results in Defective Neutrophil Recruitment to the Colon during Entamoeba histolytica Infection (2014)

The Q223R leptin receptor mutation results in increased susceptibility of children and adults to E. histolytica, one of the leading causes of diarrhea morbidity and mortality in children of the developing world. Here we show that the mutation results in reduced neutrophil infiltration to the site of infection. This decreased infiltration is likely due to the mutation's impact on neutrophil chemotaxis toward leptin, an inflammatory agent upregulated in the cecum after infection. The significance of this work thus extends beyond understanding E. histolytica susceptibility by also providing insight into the potential impact of leptin on neutrophil function in other states of altered leptin signaling, which include both malnutrition and obesity.
Video Tonal Stabilization via Color States Smoothing (2014)

We address the problem of removing video color tone jitter that is common in amateur videos recorded with hand-held devices. To achieve this, we introduce color state to represent the exposure and white balance state of a frame. The color state of each frame can be computed by accumulating the color transformations of neighboring frame pairs. Then, the tonal changes of the video can be represented by a time-varying trajectory in color state space. To remove the tone jitter, we smooth the original color state trajectory by solving an L1 optimization problem with PCA dimensionality reduction. In addition, we propose a novel selective strategy to remove small tone jitter while retaining extreme exposure and white balance changes to avoid serious artifacts. Quantitative evaluation and visual comparison with previous work demonstrate the effectiveness of our tonal stabilization method. This system can also be used as a preprocessing tool for other video editing methods.
Altered immune response to glycine‐rich sequences of epstein‐barr nuclear antigen‐1 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (1990)

Prior studies have shown that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased number of circulating Epstein-Barr virus-infected B lymphocytes and elevated titers of antibody to Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1), the major nuclear antigen expressed in latently infected B cells. However, it is not known whether antibodies from RA patients recognize the same epitopes as antibodies from normal subjects. are directed at the glycine-alanine repeating region of the molecule. Antibodies specific for this region are also somewhat more prevalent in RA patients than in normal subjects. A panel of synthetic peptides derived from EBNA-1 was used to analyze the immune response to antigenic epitopes outside the glycine-alanine region, using the peptides as solid-phase antigen. Sera from RA patients and from systemic lupus erythematosus patients contained elevated levels of IgG antibodies to 2 non-glycine-alanine peptide and to 3 non-glycine-alanine peptides, respectively. Two of the 3 peptides are glycine-rich, but antibodies that react with them are distinct from each other, as well as from those that react with the glycine-alanine epitope. Eight other peptides from the C-terminal portion of EBNA-1 either do not react with sera or show no difference between normal subjects and patient groups. The antibodies to the glycine-alanine peptide are enriched with kappa light chains, whereas antibodies to epitopes outside the glycine-alanine region are not so restricted among kappa and lambda light chains. Thus, RA patients and systemic lupus erythematosus patients have different antibody responses than do normal subjects, both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Cationic Polymers for Selectivity Control in the Capillary Electrophoretic Separation of Inorganic Anions (1994)

The capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation of the inorganic anions bromide, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, fluoride, sulfate and phosphate is described in 0.005 mol/L sodium chromate electrolyte in the presence of soluble polydisperse ionic polymers (polyelectrolytes). The cationic polyelectrolytes used were as follows: poly(1,1-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylenepiperidinium) chromate, hexadimethrine chromate, poly(1,1-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylenepyrrolidinium) chromate and ((diethylamino)ethyl)-dextran chromate in the concentration range 0.004-0.6% (w/v). These polyelectrolytes were shown to be capable of reversing the direction of the electroosmotic flow as well as inducing changes in analyte electrophoretic mobility, separation selectivity, and resolution. Changes in electrophoretic mobility by as much as 25% were observed for the sulfate anion, and the resolution of fluoride and phosphate was enhanced by a factor of 7.8. In the presence of 0.05-0.17% w/v poly(1,1-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylenepyrrolidinium) chromate at pH 8, separation currents were found to increase only slightly as compared to an electrolyte containing equivalent amounts of sodium chromate. Electroosmotic flow was also found to be fairly constant (+/- 16%) in the pH range 6.55-10.02 for 0.01% (w/v) poly(1,1-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylenepiperidinium) chromate at an ionic strength of 0.04, compared to a 400% change in the absence of the polyelectrolyte. The reproducibility of the electroosmotic mobility was between 0.36 and 6% RSD, and analyte electrophoretic mobility was between 0.01 and 1.6% RSD. Peak height reproducibility was 0.2-8.0% RSD. Separation efficiencies were between 258,000 and 780,000 theoretical plates, and detection limits were between 4.4 x 10(-7) and 9.1 x 10(-6) mol/L.
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF GUINEA PIG TELEMETRY SYSTEM FOR QT EVALUATION (2005)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a telemetry system for examining QT evaluation in the conscious free-moving guinea pig using 10 reference compounds whose effects on human QT interval are well established: 8 positive references (bepridil, terfenadine, cisapride, haloperidol, pimozide, quinidine, E-4031 and thioridazine), and 2 negative references (propranolol and nifedipine). Pharmacokinetic experiments were also performed for the 8 positive references. Telemetry transmitters were implanted subcutaneously in male Hartley guinea pigs, and the RR and QT intervals were measured. All 8 positive references prolonged QTc (QTc = k × QT/RR1/2) 10% or more during the 60 min observation period. When the values of the QTc changes were plotted against the serum concentrations, the resulting curves exhibited an anticlockwise hysteresis loop for all 8 references. In guinea pigs treated with haloperidol, changes of the T-wave shape from positive to flat were observed. The 2 negative references did not prolong the QTc. These findings suggest that the present telemetry guinea pig model is useful for QT evaluation in the early stages of drug development, because of the small body size of guinea pigs and their action potential configuration, which is similar to that of humans.
Diode-pumped miniature lasers using microstructuredsiliconcarriers (2000)

A new versatile design concept for compact diode-pumped solid-state lasers based on a microstructured silicon carrier with etched V-grooves is presented. The carrier provides efficient thermal management as well as compact integration and alignment of all active and passive optical components. In initial experiments, an Nd:YAG laser delivered a continuous-wave output of 3 W.
Induction and cultivation of a stable L‐form of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1991)

The induction of L-forms of Bacillus subtilis from protoplasts is described. The method involved the frequent subculture of the unstable L-form on a growth medium supplemented with lysozyme and horse serum. A stable culture, which did not revert when lysozyme and horse serum were omitted from the medium, was obtained after 13 subcultures. This culture could be grown on solid and in liquid medium by routine microbiological methods. Long-term storage of these cells was achieved by freeze drying and maintenance in glycerol at -70 degrees C. The cultural adaptability of the L-form is described and discussed with respect to methods of cultivation and growth.
Thrombosis Therapy: Focus on Antiplatelet Agents (2013)

Platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation to the injured vessel wall are crucially involved in the pathogenesis of thrombus formation. Agents in theory thwarting these phases would have significant clinical value. The current antiplatelet drugs used in daily clinical practice include COX-1 inhibitor aspirin, ADP P2Y 12 receptor antagonist clopidogrel, and the GPIIb-IIIa antagonists (abciximab, eptifibatide and tirofiban). However, confined curative ratio along with unforeseen bleeding risk remains a major puzzle of antiplatelet therapy. With advances in understanding of the molecular basis of platelet in thrombosis, newer antiplatelet agents that targets different stage of thrombus formation have been recently developed, mostly including agents targeting platelet adhesion (GPIV, vWF), activation (GPVI, P2Y 12 , TP, PAR1, phosphodiesterase, cyclooxygenase), and aggregation (GPIIb/IIIa). In this article, we will review the advantages and limitations of various antiplatelet agents that have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or under development.
<title>Boundary extraction in the SEM cross-section of LSI</title> (2001)

We have proposed a boundary extraction algorithm for cross-sectional critical dimension (CD) measurements of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images in machine/computer vision. Noisy SEM images have the image discontinuity of roof edge with peak. A task is to extract a low contrast boundary or edge with about one pixel width in a noisy cross sectional SEM image. Also CD measurements require that the algorithm locate a boundary or an edge at the correct position. Our policy is to detect the edges with high degree of confidence at first, and then to extract the edges with the high probabilities of edge that are calculated by using gray levels of neighboring pixels. Our proposed algorithm integrates the Gaussian pyramid to suppress noise, morphological operations to detect the edges with high degree of confidence, the relaxation method to recover the gaps in the detected edges, and the hierarchical approach. Application of the proposed algorithm to cross sectional SEM images of DRAMs shows its validity.
Assessment of shikonin for potential estrogenic activity by dual-luciferase reporter based bioluminescent measurements in vitro. (2011)

Shikonin, an active component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc., shows multiple pharmacological properties. However, the estrogenic activity of shikonin is remaining unclear. We assessed the potential estrogenic activity of shikonin with dual-luciferase reporter assay and bioluminescent measurements, by using transient cotransfection with estrogen dependent plasmid pERE-TK-Luc and internal control plasmid pRL-TK in MCF-7 cells. Estrogenic activity of shikonin, even at high concentration did not alter significantly compared to negative control (p > 0.05) and were significantly lower than those with E2 (p < 0.01). Concluding, shikonin demonstrates no estrogenic activity in vitro.
Comparative Analysis of Antisense RNA, Double-Stranded RNA, and Delta Ribozyme-Mediated Gene Regulation in <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (2002)

RNA tools, namely, antisense RNA, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and delta ribozyme, were comparatively analyzed for the development of effective RNA-based gene modulators. The gene encoding uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) of Toxoplasma gondii was used as a target and a negative selectable marker. Using plasmid transformation and drug selection assays, we obtained T. gondii transformants resistant to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FDUR), the cytotoxic prodrug and substrate of UPRT, when the plasmids expressing dsRNA and active delta ribozyme were used. No resistant transformants were detected when the plasmids carrying the antisense RNA, the inactive delta ribozyme, or the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) genes were used. Parasites generated using the plasmids expressing dsRNA and the delta ribozyme become resistant to FDUR with an LD50 of 50 +/- 5 microM and 25 +/- 8 microM, respectively. These values are approximately 25-fold and 12-fold higher than that of the RH parental parasite strain, indicating that UPRT activity of the transformed parasites was drastically inhibited. Using Northern and Southern blot analysis, we demonstrated that dsRNA and the delta ribozyme interrupt the expression of UPRT. These two RNA tools should, thus, be very useful for the study of gene expression.
A Semi-Analytical Model to Predict the Capillary Limit of Heated Inclined Triangular Capillary Grooves (2001)

This paper presents a one-dimensional, semi-analytical model for prediction of the wetted length supported by inclined triangular capillary grooves subject to heating from below. The model utilizes a macroscopic approach employing the concept of an apparent contact angle. Constant liquid properties are assumed and no specific account is taken of surface roughness. The concept of accommodation theory is introduced to account for the change in the radius of curvature of the liquid-vapor interface between the liquid reservoir and the groove proper. Empirical input is required in the form of the axial heat flux profile and the axial profile of the liquid height in the groove. To assist other researchers in the implementation of the model, this paper concludes with a series of design curves. These curves can readily be used to estimate the wetted length (capillary limit) in inclined heated triangular capillary grooves for a variety of operating conditions.
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Dual Responsive Nanoaggregates of Fluoro- and Amino-Containing Copolymer (2014)

We report herein a novel approach for preparing CO2- and O2-responsive polymer nanoaggregates. The polymer, synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), has one hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block, and the other hydrophobic block composed of 88 randomly distributed units of CO2-responsive N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEA) and 43 units of O2-responsive 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (FMA). The amphiphilic copolymer self-assembled into vesicular nanoaggregates in water. With O2 bubbling, the vesicles expanded eight times in volume. With CO2 bubbling, the vesicular morphology collapsed and transformed into a small spherical micelle. The dual gas-responsivity significantly expanded the scope in designing stimuli-responsive materials and processes.
Synthesis of 5′‐[(3‐Aminooxypropyl)amino]‐5′‐deoxyadenosine (1985)

Abstract The synthesis of the title compound 2 is described. N ‐Alkylation of 5′‐amino‐5′‐deoxy‐2′,3′‐ O ‐(1‐methylethylidene)adenosine ( 3 ) with [(3‐iodopropoxy)methyl]benzene gave after debenzylation the 5′‐deoxyadenosine derivative 4b . After derivatization of the 5′‐NH, the terminal hydroxy group was reacted with triphenylphosphane, diethyl azodicarboxylate, and N ‐hydroxyphthalimide to yield a full protected derivative of 2 . Sequential deprotection (H 2 NNH 2 , then H 2 SO 4 ) afforded the target molecule 2 as its sesquisulfate salt.
Tackling Occlusions & Limited Sensor Range with Set-based Safety Verification (2018)

Provable safety is one of the most critical challenges in automated driving. The behavior of numerous traffic participants in a scene cannot be predicted reliably due to complex interdependencies and the indiscriminate behavior of humans. Additionally, we face high uncertainties and only incomplete environment knowledge. Recent approaches minimize risk with probabilistic and machine learning methods - even under occlusions. These generate comfortable behavior with good traffic flow, but cannot guarantee safety of their maneuvers. Therefore, we contribute a safety verification method for trajectories under occlusions. The field-of-view of the ego vehicle and a map are used to identify critical sensing field edges, each representing a potentially hidden obstacle. The state of occluded obstacles is unknown, but can be over-approximated by intervals over all possible states. Then set-based methods are extended to provide occupancy predictions for obstacles with state intervals. The proposed method can verify the safety of given trajectories (e.g. if they ensure collision-free fail-safe maneuver options) w.r.t. arbitrary safe-state formulations. The potential for provably safe trajectory planning is shown in three evaluative scenarios.
Contention free inter-cellular slot reservation (2009)

A distributed reservation protocol tailored for cellular wireless networks is presented that facilitates contention free inter-cellular slot allocation and reservation. While reserved slots are protected from inter-cell interference by a busy burst enabled reservation protocol, collisions due to simultaneously accessed unreserved slots by neighboring cells are mitigated by means of resource partitioning patterns. Shifting these partitioning patterns over time allows each cell to successively probe all slots. This ensures that full frequency reuse is maintained, in the way that all cells may utilize the entire frequency band. In effect a contention free inter-cellular slot allocation policy is established that in a distributed manner dynamically controls the spatial reuse, in terms of concurrently accessed radio resources by neighboring cells.
Erratum: “Computer simulations of vapor–liquid phase equilibria of n-alkanes” [J. Chem. Phys. <b>102</b>, 2126 (1995)] (1998)

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Neutropenia Induced by Systemic Infusion of Chemotactic Factors (1977)

Autologous plasma, when exposed to complement-activating agents that generate leukotactic activity, induces transient neutropenia after infusion into rabbits. Trypsinized human C5 as well as the chemotactic fragment isolated from zymosan-activated human serum also induces transient neutropenia in rabbits, as do chemotactically active synthetic tripeptides. In each instance the neutropenia-inducing activity parallels the chemotactic activity. Thus, neutropenia-inducing activity and chemotactic activity seem to be related physiologic responses of neutrophils. In vivo margination and/or agglutination of leukocytes may underlie this phenomenon of neutropenia.
Ad Recommendation Systems for Life-Time Value Optimization (2015)

The main objective in the ad recommendation problem is to find a strategy that, for each visitor of the website, selects the ad that has the highest probability of being clicked. This strategy could be computed using supervised learning or contextual bandit algorithms, which treat two visits of the same user as two separate independent visitors, and thus, optimize greedily for a single step into the future. Another approach would be to use reinforcement learning (RL) methods, which differentiate between two visits of the same user and two different visitors, and thus, optimizes for multiple steps into the future or the life-time value (LTV) of a customer. While greedy methods have been well-studied, the LTV approach is still in its infancy, mainly due to two fundamental challenges: how to compute a good LTV strategy and how to evaluate a solution using historical data to ensure its "safety" before deployment. In this paper, we tackle both of these challenges by proposing to use a family of off-policy evaluation techniques with statistical guarantees about the performance of a new strategy. We apply these methods to a real ad recommendation problem, both for evaluating the final performance and for optimizing the parameters of the RL algorithm. Our results show that our LTV optimization algorithm equipped with these off-policy evaluation techniques outperforms the greedy approaches. They also give fundamental insights on the difference between the click through rate (CTR) and LTV metrics for performance evaluation in the ad recommendation problem.
Designing an effective vaccine to prevent Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases: challenges and opportunities (2017)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus associated with a number of clinical manifestations. Primary EBV infection in young adolescents often manifests as acute infectious mononucleosis and latent infection is associated with multiple lymphoid and epithelial cancers and autoimmune disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis. Areas covered: Over the last decade, our understanding of pathogenesis and immune regulation of EBV-associated diseases has provided an important platform for the development of novel vaccine formulations. In this review, we discuss developmental strategies for prophylactic and therapeutic EBV vaccines which have been assessed in preclinical and clinical settings. Expert commentary: Major roadblocks in EBV vaccine development include no precise understanding of the clinical correlates of protection, uncertainty about adjuvant selection and the unavailability of appropriate animal models. Recent development of new EBV vaccine formulations provides exciting opportunities for the formal clinical assessment of novel formulations.