gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of environmental radioactivity in comparison samples by HPGe γ spectrometry (2002)

Results of environmental radioactivity measurements of national comparison samples by HPGe γ spectrometer are presented. Nuclides include 238 U, 226 Ra, 40 K, 210 Pb, 208 Tl, 7Be, 60 Co and 137 Cs in samples of mineral powder, industrial dust, esculent plant and soil. Bulky liquid sources were prepared of some suitable radio nuclides to calibrate the detector efficiency. Correction was made for self absorption.
Potential Measurements on Integrated Salt Bridge and Steel Coupons (1996)

Abstract This paper presents measurements on probes consisting of a salt bridge and steel coupons. The probe allows consideration of voltage drops in pipeline potential measurements. Potential distribution on polarized coupons, size of the coupons, and salt bridge backfills are also discussed.
Analysis of asymmetric deterministic bitshift errors in a hard disk file (1990)

An extensive statistical analysis of soft errors occurring in an IBM 3380 K hard-disk file has been made. About 90% of the errors was bitshift-induced involving a single bit. There was a high degree of early/late asymmetry. It is shown that decreasing system signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) increases the error rate, but reduces the early/late asymmetry. The repeatability of errors suggests that most errors happen at or near a media-direct site. Self-consistent write-process modeling, taking into account media defects, indicates bitshift and amplitude degradation commensurate with the experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A planar type EEPROM cell structure by standard CMOS process for integration with gate array, standard cell, microprocessor and for neural chips (2002)

A planar-type EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) cell structure which consists of adjacently NMOS and PMOS transistors with an electrically isolated common polysilicon gate has been prepared by a standard CMOS process (no ultrathin oxide, no stacking of floating and control gates). Five to ten volt shifts of threshold and more than thousands of cycles of endurance are obtained. This EEPROM cell can be easily integrated with gate array, standard cell, microprocessor LSIs. It can store analog data and be applied to neural chips.
Reversible Flocculation with Hydroxypropyl Guar−Borate, A Labile Anionic Polyelectrolyte (2008)

Cationic polystyrene latex was flocculated with mixtures of hydroxypropyl guar (HPG) and boric acid, which form an anionic polyelectrolyte HPG-borate. Flocculation could be reversed by either lowering pH or by adding fructoseboth procedures remove labile borate ions weakly bound to the HPG chains. Mixtures of phenyl boronic acid (PBA) and HPG also flocculate latex although the range of HPG-PBA concentrations, giving flocculation was much narrower than HPG-borate. The differences were explained by the tendency of borate ion to cross-link HPG chains, whereas PBA is monofunctional and cannot cross-link HPG.
Synthesis of Chlorogenic Acid and p-Coumaroyl Shikimates from Glucose Using Engineered Escherichia coli (2014)

Chlorogenic acid and hydroxylcinnamoyl shikimates are major dietary phenolics as well as antioxidants, with recently discovered biological, activities including protection against chemotheraphy side effects and prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Certain fruits and vegetables produce these compounds, although a microbial system can also be utilized for synthesis of chlorogenic acid and hydroxylcinnamoyl shikimates. In this study, we engineered Escherichia coli to produce chlorogenic acid and p-coumaroyl shikimates from glucose. For the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, two E. coli strains were used; one strain for the synthesis of caffeic acid from glucose and the other strain for the synthesis of chlorogenic acid from caffeic acid and quinic acid. The final yield of chlorogenic acid using this approach was approximately 78 mg/l. To synthesize p-coumaroyl shikimates, wild-type E. coli as well as several mutants were tested. Mutant E. coli carrying deletions in three genes (tyrR, pheA, and aroL) produced 236 mg/l of p-coumaroyl shikimates.
4E-BP1, a repressor of mRNA translation, is phosphorylated and inactivated by the Akt(PKB) signaling pathway (1998)

Growth factors and hormones activate protein translation by phosphorylation and inactivation of the translational repressors, the eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs), through a wortmannin- and rapamycin-sensitive signaling pathway. The mechanism by which signals emanating from extracellular signals lead to phosphorylation of 4E-BPs is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that the activity of the serine/threonine kinase Akt/PKB is required in a signaling cascade that leads to phosphorylation and inactivation of 4E-BP1. PI 3-kinase elicits the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 in a wortmannin- and rapamycin-sensitive manner, whereas activated Akt-mediated phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 is wortmannin resistant but rapamycin sensitive. A dominant negative mutant of Akt blocks insulin-mediated phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, indicating that Akt is required for the in vivo phosphorylation of 4E-BP1. Importantly, an activated Akt induces phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 on the same sites that are phosphorylated upon serum stimulation. Similar to what has been observed with serum and growth factors, phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 by Akt inhibits the interaction between 4E-BP1 and eIF-4E. Furthermore, phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 by Akt requires the activity of FRAP/mTOR. FRAP/mTOR may lie downstream of Akt in this signaling cascade. These results demonstrate that the PI 3-kinase-Akt signaling pathway, in concert with FRAP/mTOR, induces the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1.
Calpain-5 Expression in the Retina Localizes to Photoreceptor Synapses (2016)

CAPN5 is moderately expressed in the retina and, despite higher expression in other tissues, hyperactive disease mutants of CAPN5 only manifest as eye disease. At the cellular level, CAPN5 is expressed in several different functional compartments. CAPN5 localization at the photoreceptor synapse and with mitochondria explains the neural circuitry phenotype in human CAPN5 disease alleles.
The Effect of Type of Transient Voltage Suppressor on the Signal Response of a Coupling Circuit for Power Line Communications (2011)

The effect of the type of transient voltage suppressor (TVS) used in coupling circuits for surge protecting PLC equipment on the signal response has been studied. The study was focused at TVS devices used in both differential and common mode surge protection. It is found that the gas discharge tube (GDT) has no effect on the communication signal, whilst TVSs that operate on avalanche breakdown attenuate the signal and they also render signal dropout at a particular frequency. Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) behave similarly.
Intramolecular triplex formation of the purine-purine-pyrimidine type (1991)

Six octadecamers with hairpin motifs have been synthesized and investigated for possible intramolecular triplex formation. Electrophoretic, hypochromic, and CD evidence suggest that d(CCCCTTTGGGGTTTGGGG) and d(GGGGTTTGGGGTTTCCCC) can form G.G.C intramolecular triplexes via double hairpin formation in neutral solutions, presumably with the terminal G tract folding back along the groove of the hairpin duplex. In contrast, d(GGGGTTTCCCCTTTGGGG) and the three corresponding 18-mers containing one G and two C tracts each forms a single hairpin duplex with a dangling single strand. The design of the sequences has led to the conclusion that the two G tracts are antiparallel to each other in such a triplex. Magnesium chloride titrations indicate that Mg2+ is not essential for such an intramolecular triplex formation. The main advantage of our constructs when compared to the intermolecular triplex formation is that the shorter triplex stem can be formed in a much lower DNA concentration. The merit of G.G.C triplex, in contrast to that of C+.G.C, lies in the fact that acidic condition is not required in its formation and will, thus, greatly expand our repertoire in the triplex strategy for the recognition and cleavage of duplex DNA. Spectral binding studies with actinomycin D (ACTD) and chromomycin A3 (CHR) as well as fluorescence lifetime measurements with ethidium bromide (EB) suggest that although hairpin duplexes bind these drugs quite well, the intramolecular triplexes bind poorly. Interestingly, the binding densities for the strong-binding hairpins obtained from Scatchard plots are about one ACTD molecule per oligomeric strand, whereas more than two drug molecules are found in the case of CHR, in agreement with the recent NMR studies indicating that CHR binds to DNA in the form of a dimer.
A comprehensive investigation of TFETs with semiconducting silicide source: impact of gate drain underlap and interface traps (2019)

Abstract In this paper, we have investigated the effect of gate underlap, while using semiconducting silicide material as a source region, on the ambipolar and high-frequency performance of Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (TFETs). We demonstrated how to suppress the ambipolar conduction and enhance the ON current without deteriorating the performance of high-frequency switching characteristics of the double gate TFET by using the combined two methods. The ON to OFF current ratio ( I ON /I OFF ) and subthreshold swing (SS) as figures of merit for DC performance have been investigated. The main analog performance parameters like the transconductance ( g m ) and unit-gain cutoff frequency ( f T ) are analyzed. Moreover, circuit level digital performance parameters like the fall propagation delay ( t phl ) and overshoot voltage ( V p ) are inspected when the proposed design is utilized in an inverter circuit. Impact of effective oxide thickness and traps arising from manufacturing process on DC, analog, and circuit level performance is also investigated. TCAD simulation results reveal a significant enhancement in DC, analog and digital performance parameters of the proposed heterojunction TFET over Si-TFET that makes the proposed design more advantageous in the field of analog and digital applications.
Performance of digital incoherent OFDR and prospects for optical fiber sensing applications (2014)

We propose a digital implementation of the incoherent optical frequency domain reflectometry (I-OFDR) technique for precise backscatter measurement and optical fiber sensing applications. Specific performance parameters of the I-OFDR are discussed and compared to an analog vector network analyzer-based I-OFDR system. Improved sensitivity, dynamic range and signal stability of the digital I-OFDR is presented and demonstrated by means of quasi-distributed length change measurement.
A prism-based system for multispectral video acquisition (2009)

In this paper, we propose a prism-based system for capturing multispectral videos. The system consists of a triangular prism, a monochrome camera, and an occlusion mask. Incoming light beams from the scene are sampled by the occlusion mask, dispersed into their constituent spectra by the triangular prism, and then captured by the monochrome camera. Our system is capable of capturing videos of high spectral resolution. It also allows for different tradeoffs between spectral and spatial resolution by adjusting the focal length of the camera. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system with several applications, including human skin detection, physical material recognition, and RGB video generation.
Log summarizing agent for Web access data using data mining techniques (2002)

We can get useful information from the WWW (World Wide Web) and the users are increasing every year. The available data is growing explosively, so techniques for analysis and discovery of useful information are important. The information providers and Web manager make an effort to construct an effective Web site. If providers and administrators can determine user browsing patterns from Web access logs, they would be able to use the patterns as one index to construct an effective site. However, it is difficult to extract user browsing patterns manually because the Web access log is huge. Therefore, we adopt a data mining technique to solve this problem and design a log summarizing agent. This agent can automatically extract profitable information from large amounts of Web access logs.
Relation of Wettability by Aqueous Solutions to the Surface Constitution of Low-energy Solids (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelation of Wettability by Aqueous Solutions to the Surface Constitution of Low-energy SolidsM. K. Bernett and W. A. ZismanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1959, 63, 8, 1241–1246Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150578a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j150578a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views724Altmetric-Citations154LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The inaccuracy of Kubicek's one-cylinder model in thoracic impedance cardiography (1997)

The validity of a one- and a two-cylinder model, underlying thoracic impedance cardiography (TIC), was investigated by studying the length dependence of the impedance parameters Z0, (dZ/dt)min, and stroke volume (SV). It can be shown that, within a one-cylinder model, all parameters are directly proportional to the length, whereas, if the volume conduction of the thorax and the neck are modeled separately, Z0 and (dZ/dt)min are expected to be linear dependent and SV will be nonlinear upon the length. The expectations were compared to results from in vivo measurements. Two electrode arrays were studied, in which the caudal recording electrode position was varied; SV was calculated using Kubicek's equation. Except for small distances, the results showed a nearly linear relation between the parameters and the length. Regression analysis of the linear part revealed statistically significant intercepts (p < 0.05). Neither the intercept nor the nonlinear part can be explained by a one-cylinder model, whereas a model consisting of two cylinders serially connected describes the experimental results accurately. Thus SV estimation based on a one-cylinder model is biased due to the invalid one-cylinder model. Corrections for the Kubicek-equation need to be developed in future research using this two-cylinder model.
Active Control of Vehicle Air Cushion Suspensions (1972)

A primitive vehicle suspension system coupling a simple vehicle model to a guideway having random irregularities is defined. The optimum linear suspension which minimizes a linear combination of vehicle heave acceleration (a passenger comfort index) and suspension-guideway displacement (a measure of required suspension stroke length) is synthesized using a Wiener- Ho¨pf technique. This optimum suspension, which is independent of specific mechanical, magnetic, or fluid methods of implementation, is used to determine the form of active control required to make the performance of a flexible-skirted air cushion suspension approach the optimum performance. The optimally compensated suspension acceleration, flexible base, and gap height excursions are computed and compared with those of optimum passive suspensions. A reduction in acceleration by a factor of 2.7 is possible with optimum active control. Finally, the limitations and constraints in implementing both optimum and suboptimum control of an air cushion suspension were studied using a small scale experimental suspension.
Sequence, regulation, and mutational analysis of the gene encoding urate oxidase in Aspergillus nidulans. (1993)

The uaZ gene of Aspergillus nidulans codes for a protein of 301 amino acids. The open reading frame is interrupted by two introns. A comparison with the open reading frames of 10 other urate oxidases reveals a number of scattered universally conserved residues and four clusters of high similarity. Two of these are of unknown function, and the other two are the putative sites for copper binding and the signal sequence for peroxisomal entry, respectively. This comparison also reveals that there are at 16 positions at which introns can be found in the gene coding for this enzyme in different species. The sequence of a number of mutations confirms the importance for enzyme activity of the carboxyl terminus of the protein. The most amino-terminal mutation (an ochre codon) results also in strikingly diminished steady-state levels of message. This agrees with results from other systems, suggesting that untranslated mRNA is preferentially degraded in eukaryotic cells. Northern blots show that specific induction, mediated by the UAY protein, and nitrogen metabolite repression, mediated by the AREA GATA factor, affect the steady-state levels of uaZ mRNA and thus act most probably at the level of transcription.
Astatine-211—Tellurium Radiocolloid Cures Experimental Malignant Ascites (1981)

An investigation of the efficacy of astatine-211--tellurium colloid for the treatment of experimental malignant ascites in mice reveals that this alpha-emitting radiocolloid can be curative without causing undue toxicity to normal tissue. By comparison, negatron-emitting phosphorus-32 as colloidal chromic phosphate had no antineoplastic activity. The most compelling explanation for this striking difference is the dense ionization and short range of action associated with alpha-emission. These results have important implications for the development and use of alpha-emitters as radiocolloid therapy for the treatment of human tumors.
Properties of silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride films prepared by reactive sputtering (1974)

Thin films were prepared on fused quartz and monocrystalline silicon substrates in a triode type sputtering system. The structure has been examined by transmission electron diffraction; nitrogen and oxygen contents of the films were analysed with an electron probe. Infrared spectra are measured and by C–V measurements on MIS capacitances the dielectric constant ϵ and the interface state densities Ns and Nss(30 k/10 M) are determined. The index of refraction n, the absorption coefficient α, and the band gap energy Eg of the insulator films are measured by optical studies. Absorption tails on the band edges suggest localized states in the band gap. In einem Triodenzerstäubungssystem wurden dünne Schichten auf Quarz- und einkristallinen Si-Substraten abgeschieden. Durch Elektronenbeugung in Durchstrahlung wurden die Struktur und mit Hilfe einer Elektronenstrahlmikrosonde der Stickstoff- und Sauerstoffgehalt der Schichten untersucht. Es wurden Infrarotspektren aufgenommen und durch C–V-Messungen an entsprechenden MIS-Strukturen die Dielektrizitätskonstante ϵ und die Grenzflächenzustandsdichten Ns und Nss(30 k/10 M) bestimmt. Aus optischen Untersuchungen ergaben sich der Brechungsindex n, der Absorptionskoeffizient α und die Breite der verbotenen Zone Eg des Isolators. Verschmierungen der optischen Bandkanten weisen auf lokalisierte Zustände in der verbotenen Zone hin.
Two Seismic Interference Attenuation Methods Based on Automatic Detection of Seismic Interference Moveout (2013)

The need for efficient seismic interference (SI) attenuation solutions is essential to reduce time-sharing that is very costly. We present two SI attenuation methods, both based on the automatic vector field estimation of the SI local moveout. The first method proposes an automatic determination of tau-p mute parameters, while the second one uses line integral convolution and the estimated vector field to separate SI from reflection hyperbolas. Because of the automatic detection of SI attributes, they require little user interaction and the processing time is short. Both methods are tested on real shot gathers and successfully attenuate the SI while preserving the reflections.
Increases of M2a macrophages and fibrosis in aging muscle are influenced by bone marrow aging and negatively regulated by muscle‐derived nitric oxide (2015)

Muscle aging is associated with changes in myeloid cell phenotype that may influence age-related changes in muscle structure. We tested whether preventing age-related reductions in muscle neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) would obviate age-related changes in myeloid cells in muscle. Our findings show that muscle aging is associated with elevations of anti-inflammatory M2a macrophages that can increase muscle fibrosis. Expression of a muscle-specific nNOS transgene in mice prevented age-related increases in M2a macrophages. Transgene expression also reduced expression of collagens and decreased muscle fibrosis. The nNOS transgene prevented age-related increases in arginase-1 but did not influence TGFβ expression, indicating that the transgene may prevent age-related muscle fibrosis by inhibiting the arginase-dependent profibrotic pathway. Although aged satellite cells or fibro-adipogenic precursor (FAPs) cells also promote fibrosis, transgene expression had no effect on the expression of key signaling molecules that regulate fibrogenic activity of those cells. Finally, we tested whether increases in M2a macrophages and the associated increase in fibrosis were attributable to aging of myeloid lineage cells. Young bone marrow cells (BMCs) were transplanted into young or old mice, and muscles were collected 8 months later. Muscles of young mice receiving young BMCs showed no effect on M2a macrophage number or collagen accumulation compared to age-matched, nontransplanted controls. However, muscles of old mice receiving young BMCs showed fewer M2a macrophages and less accumulation of collagen. Thus, the age-related increase in M2a macrophages in aging muscle and the associated muscle fibrosis are determined in part by the age of bone marrow cells.
Vision-Based Navigation and Parallel Computing (1990)

This report summarizes the research performed under Contract DACA76- 88-C-0008 during the period May 1989 - May 1990, the first year of the contract period. The focus of the research program is visual navigation, with an emphasis on the use of massively parallel algorithms to support basic navigational tasks in vision and planning. The first section describes research performed on a project called RAMBO. (RAMBO is an acronym for Robot Acting on Moving BOdies). The project attempts to develop and integrate Connection Machine algorithms for low-level vision, intermediate level vision and visual planning to allow a mobile robot to pursue (in simulation) a moving three dimensional target through space in order to maintain visual contact with points on surface of the target. The next selection describes our past year's work on cross-country navigation. We first describe massively parallel algorithms for route planning in digital terrain maps. Then we describe our research on the problem of filling in range shadows. We discuss why classical interpolation methods are not appropriate for this problem, and present methods. The last section presents brief descriptions of other research projects whose results were reported under this contract during the past year.