gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic Analyses of <i>Arabidopsis</i> T-DNA Insertion Lines and Expression Profiling Reveal That Multiple L-Type Lectin Receptor Kinases Are Involved in Plant Immunity (2014)

L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRK) are membrane-spanning receptor-like kinases with putative roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses and in plant development. In Arabidopsis, 45 LecRK were identified but their functions are largely unknown. Here, a systematic functional analysis was carried out by evaluating phenotypic changes of Arabidopsis LecRK T-DNA insertion lines in plant development and upon exposure to various external stimuli. None of the LecRK T-DNA insertion lines showed clear developmental changes, either under normal conditions or upon abiotic stress treatment. However, many of the T-DNA insertion lines showed altered resistance to Phytophthora brassicae, Phytophthora capsici, Pseudomonas syringae, or Alternaria brassicicola. One mutant defective in LecRK-V.5 expression was compromised in resistance to two Phytophthora spp. but showed enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. LecRK-V.5 overexpression confirmed its dual role in resistance and susceptibility depending on the pathogen. Combined analysis of these phenotypic data and LecRK expression profiles retrieved from public datasets revealed that LecRK which are hardly induced upon infection or even suppressed are also involved in pathogen resistance. Computed coexpression analysis revealed that LecRK with similar function displayed diverse expression patterns. Because LecRK are widespread in plants, the results presented here provide invaluable information for exploring the potential of LecRK as novel sources of resistance in crops.
A robust co-sputtering fabrication procedure for TiNi shape memory alloys for MEMS (2001)

Co-sputtering has been used to fabricate equiatomic thin films of TiNi, a shape memory alloy which form the basis of microactuators with many applications in MEMS. Methods for overcoming the difficulties involved in obtaining equiatomic TiNi thin films with high transformation temperatures, and a robust procedure suitable for batch fabrication in a production environment, are described.
Molecular pathophysiology of SLC4 bicarbonate transporters (2005)

SLC4 HCO3 transporters play critical roles in systemic and cellular pH homeostasis. Most of the SLC4 members are present at some level in the kidney. Future studies will likely continue to make use of knockout animals, for example mice and zebrafish, human mutations or polymorphisms to elucidate the normal and pathophysiologic roles of these proteins.
Taming Log Files From Game/Simulation‐Based Assessments: Data Models and Data Analysis Tools (2016)

Abstract Extracting information efficiently from game/simulation‐based assessment (G/ SBA ) logs requires two things: a well‐structured log file and a set of analysis methods. In this report, we propose a generic data model specified as an extensible markup language ( XML ) schema for the log files of G/ SBAs . We also propose a set of analysis methods for identifying useful information from the log files and implement the methods in a package in the Python programming language, glassPy . We demonstrate the data model and glassPy with logs from a game‐based assessment, SimCityEDU .
Informing assistive robots with models of contact forces from able-bodied face wiping and shaving (2012)

Hygiene and feeding are activities of daily living (ADLs) that often involve contact with a person's face. Robots can assist people with motor impairments to perform these tasks by holding a tool that makes contact with the care receiver's face. By sensing the forces applied to the face with the tool, robots could potentially provide assistance that is more comfortable, safe, and effective. In order to inform the design of robotic controllers and assistive robots, we investigated the forces able-bodied people apply to themselves when wiping and shaving their faces. We present our methods for capturing and modeling these forces, results from a study with 9 participants, and recommendations for assistive robots. Our contributions include a trapezoidal force model that assumes participants have a target force they attempt to achieve for each stroke of the tool. We discuss advantages of this 3 parameter model and show that it fits our data well relative to other candidate models. We also provide statistics of the models' rise rates, fall rates, and target forces for the 9 participants in our study. In addition, we illustrate how the target forces varied based on the task, participant, and location on the face.
Direct cytolysis by partially‐purified preparations of immune interferon (1982)

Mouse IFN gamma preparations purified 30-fold were found to have direct cytolytic activity against a number of tumor and normal cells. Cell killing was determined using a sensitive, rapid and accurate assay which employed very low numbers of cells and very small quantities of interferon. The cytolytic activity of IFN gamma on 11 murine tumor cell lines was investigated. A 20-fold difference was found between the most-sensitive cell type, P-388 lymphoma, versus the most resistant cell type, C127v leukemia. A number of normal mouse cells was also found to have low to intermediate sensitivity to the cytolytic action of IFN gamma. Human IFN gamma was also shown to have cytolytic activity which, like mouse IFN gamma, was relatively species-specific. Direct cytolysis was not found to be a characteristic of IFN-alpha/beta. Different mechanisms of action for the antiviral and cytolytic activities of IFN gamma are indicated because the cytolytic titer of IFN gamma did not parallel its antiviral titer on most cell types and increasing the cell number produced a decrease in the cytolytic titer and an increase in the anti-viral titer. High concentrations of IFN gamma (i.e., 2,900 units/ml) resulted in complete lysis of cells within 24 h, while lower concentrations (i.e., 700 units/ml) resulted in a reversible inhibition of cell growth during this time period. Evidence that the cytolytic substance in the IFN gamma preparation was IFN gamma include the following: (1) both antiviral and anticellular activities copurified through a 30-fold purification; and both activities were (2) relatively species-specific; (3) sensitive to heat; (4) inactivated by low pH and (5) neutralized by antibodies to IFN gamma. Therefore, we propose the possibility that direct cytolysis is yet another of IFN gamma's distinctive antivities.
Practical dictionary management for hardware data compression (1992)

article Free Access Share on Practical dictionary management for hardware data compression Authors: Suzanne Bunton Univ. of Washington, Seattle Univ. of Washington, SeattleView Profile , Gaetano Borriello Univ. of Washington, Seattle Univ. of Washington, SeattleView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 35Issue 1Jan. 1992 pp 95–104https://doi.org/10.1145/129617.129622Online:02 January 1992Publication History 35citation618DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations35Total Downloads618Last 12 Months20Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Stereoselective syntheses of the trans-decahydroquinoline-5-carboxylic acid epimers. Diastereomeric zwitterionic probes of .gamma.-aminobutyric acid-related biological properties in vitro and in vivo (1986)

The syntheses of the 5 beta and 5 alpha epimers of trans-(4a alpha,8a beta)-decahydroquinoline-5-carboxylic acids (3 and 4) from vinylogous bicyclic imide 10 are described. The reduction of trans-5-(1,3-dithian-2-ylidene)octahydro-2(1H)-quinolinone (13) to afford the 5 alpha-(1,3-dithian-2-yl) compound 16 was a key step in the synthesis of trans-4 while hydroboration-H2O2 treatment of phenylmethyl trans-octahydro-5-methylene-1(2H)-quinolinecarboxylate (21) to afford the 5 beta-hydroxymethyl compound 22 was a key step in the synthesis of 3. These trans diastereomers 3 and 4 and the previously prepared cis analogues 1 and 2 were investigated for their ability to interact with GABAA and GABAB receptors and picrotoxin binding sites as well as with neuronal GABA transport systems in brain tissue. Like 1 and 2, tonic-clonic seizures were induced when trans-3 or -4 were administered to mice intracerebroventricularly. Only trans-4 weakly inhibited [3H]GABA binding to GABAA and GABAB receptors in vitro. Large doses (10 mg/kg) of diazepam reversed the convulsant activity of both trans-3 and trans-4. Although trans-3 is the more potent convulsant, trans-4 may have GABA antagonist activity in vivo. However, none of the decahydroquinoline diastereomers have a pronounced effect on GABA receptors that can currently be studied in vitro. Results obtained in vivo lead us to propose that these diastereoisomers may serve as unique conformational probes relating certain zwitterionic topographies to stimulatory activity in the central nervous system.
Cell volume and bile acid excretion (1992)

The interaction between cell volume and taurocholate excretion into bile was studied in isolated perfused rat liver. Cell swelling due to hypo-osmotic exposure, addition of amino acids or insulin stimulated taurocholate excretion into bile and bile flow, whereas hyperosmotic cell shrinkage inhibited these. These effects were explained by changes in Vmax of taurocholate excretion into bile: Vmax. increased from about 300 to 700 nmol/min per g after cell swelling by 12-15% caused by either hypo-osmotic exposure or addition of amino acids under normo-osmotic conditions. Steady-state taurocholate excretion into bile was not affected when the influent K+ concentration was increased from 6 to 46 mM or decreased to 1 mM with iso-osmoticity being maintained by corresponding changes in the influent Na+ concentration. Replacement of 40 mM-NaCl by 80 mM-sucrose decreased taurocholate excretion into bile by about 70%; subsequent hypo-osmotic exposure by omission of sucrose increased taurocholate excretion to 160%. Only minor, statistically insignificant, effects of aniso-osmotic cell volume changes on the appearance of bolus-injected horseradish peroxidase in bile were observed. Taurocholate (400 microM) exhibited a cholestatic effect during hyperosmotic cell shrinkage, but not during hypo-osmotic cell swelling. Both taurocholate and tauroursodeoxycholate increased liver cell volume. Tauroursodeoxycholate stimulated taurocholate (100 microM) excretion into bile. This stimulatory effect was strongly dependent on the extent of tauroursodeoxycholate-induced cell swelling. During continuous infusion of taurocholate (100 microM) further addition of tauroursodeoxycholate at concentrations of 20, 50 and 100 microM increased cell volume by 10, 8 and 2% respectively, in parallel with a stimulation of taurocholate excretion into bile by 29, 27 and 9% respectively. There was a close relationship between the extent of cell volume changes and taurocholate excretion into bile, regardless of whether cell volume was modified by tauroursodeoxycholate, amino acids or aniso-osmotic exposure. The data suggest that: (i) liver cell volume is one important factor determining bile flow and biliary taurocholate excretion; (ii) swelling-induced stimulation of taurocholate excretion into bile is probably not explained by alterations of the membrane potential; (iii) bile acids modulate liver cell volume; (iv) taurocholate-induced cholestasis may depend on cell volume; (v) stimulation of taurocholate excretion into bile by tauroursodeoxycholate can largely be explained by tauroursodeoxycholate-induced cell swelling.
High-efficiency electrically tunable phase diffraction grating based on a transparent lead magnesium niobate-lead titanite electro-optic ceramic (2011)

An electrically tunable high-efficiency phase diffraction grating using the transparent lead magnesium niobate-lead titanite (PMNT) electro-optic ceramic is proposed. A photomask technique is used for fabricating the grating with the Ti/Pt/Au interdigital electrodes. With the variation of the equivalent phase face induced by the quadratic electro-optic effect of the PMNT ceramic, the diffraction patterns of the light beam will be changed in which the diffraction efficiency may be controlled by an applied DC voltage. When the applied voltages are 41, 80, and 139 V, the zero-order, first-order, or second-order diffraction lights will disappear in turn with about 100% diffraction efficiency. The proposed grating can be used as an electrically controlled switch in the laser beam modulation and scanning, especially for the application of the high-power laser systems.
Resonated GaAs FET devices for microwave switching (1981)

Several designs of monolithic switches for X-band applications have been fabricated and tested. These switches, which consist of two parallel-resonated GaAs FET's in a series SPDT configuration, have very low dc power dissipation, low insertion loss, and are bidirectional. An insertion loss of 0.7 dB with 28-dB isolation at 10.2 GHz has been measured for these devices. A simple equivalent circuit model is presented which explains reasonably well the basic features of resonated GaAs FET switches. The tradeoffs between performance and bandwidth, and the important design criteria, particularly with respect to the layout of monolithic inductors, are investigated.
Neurofibrillary tangles and β-amyloid deposits in Alzheimer's disease (1991)

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the presence of abundant neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid deposits in neocortex, hippocampus and amygdala. The major protein components of tangles and plaques have recently been identified. These findings, briefly reviewed here, will allow researchers to design investigations that will lead to an understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and to the development of new therapeutic approaches that may result in an effective treatment.
A New Technique for Identifying Scientific/Technical Terms and Describing Science Texts: (An Interim Report) (1986)

A new technique is described in the paper for identifying scientific/technical terms It can also be used to characterize text types At the speed at which science and technology develops today, there appear every year a great number of scientific/technical terms As type-setting tapes and other machine-readable texts are becoming readily available, it becomes attractive to consider the possibility of automatic term collection There are broadly two basic types of terms single-worded terms (e g ‘hardware’, ‘software’, ‘terminal’, etc) and multi-worded terms (e g. ‘programming language’, ‘radio wave transmitter’, ‘hydraulic power transmission system’, etc) Since terms are highly subject matter specific, it is possible to identify single-worded terms on the basis of their frequencies of occurrence and distribution Multi-worded terms are identified on the basis of their collocational behaviour An algorithm is given for the identification procedure. The 2-word combinations recovered from the texts have shown remarkable difference between science texts and general English texts such as a novel, which can be used to characterize text types. The possibility is also discussed to develop a long term automatic monitoring and collecting system of scientific/technical terms so that the term bank can be updated on a yearly basis Another possible use of the present technique is automatic abstracting or indexing of science texts
PHASE STABILITY OF BCC TRANSITION METALS: ROLE OF d-ELECTRONS (2000)

The role of d-electrons in the structural phase stability of bcc transition metals viz. V, Fe, Cr and Mn are investigated. The underlying theory expresses the relevant structural part of the free energy in terms of the repulsion of the d-electron muffin-tin orbitals assigned to atomic sites and the attractive contribution arising from the band broadening effects of the d-bands in the total energy. The magnetic contribution arising from the population of magnetic moments in the systems is also included in the theory. The d-electronic contribution to entropy is written in terms of the density-of-electronic states at the respective Fermi level. The phase stability of the bcc transition metals is explained in terms of the population of atoms on the local and extended sites. It is observed that the d-electron energetics can precisely and correctly predict the crystal structure of the bcc transition metals.
Unification of CAD and FEM using Knowledge Engineering (1994)

Establishing an "intelligent link" between conventional CAD systems and different analytical tools like finite element analysis packages is a significant concern in design automation. This paper proposes the use of knowledge engineering for the unification process and outlines the dimensions of an overall framework for an integrated CAD/FEM system A prototype system for structural design of aircraft wings has been implemented in this integrated environment.
Supercontinuum pulse generation and propagation in a liquid carbontetrachloride (1987)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. P. Ho, Q. X. Li, T. Jimbo, Y. L. Ku, and R. R. Alfano, "Supercontinuum pulse generation and propagation in a liquid carbontetrachloride," Appl. Opt. 26, 2700-2702 (1987) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
[Effect of polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis on hematopoietic cells proliferation, apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression in mice bearing tumor treated with chemotherapy]. (2002)

PSP indirectly upregulated Bcl-2 expression of hematopoietic cells by promoting endogenous cytokines secretion which may be one of the mechanisms, by which PSP enhanced hematopoietic cell proliferation and inhibited its apoptosis in mice bearing tumor treated with chemotherapy.
Instrumentation of Java Bytecode for Runtime Analysis (2003)

Abstract. This paper describes JSpy, a system for high-level instrumentation of Java bytecode and its use with JPaX, our system for runtime analysis of Java programs. JPaX monitors the execution of temporal logic formulas and performs predicative analysis of deadlocks and data races. JSpy’s input is an instrumentation specification, which consists of a collection of rules, where a rule is a predicate/action pair. The predicate is a conjunction of syntactic constraints on a Java statement, and the action is a description of logging information to be inserted in the bytecode corresponding to the statement. JSpy is built using JTrek an instrumentation package at a lower level of abstraction. 1
2.3‐Disubstituierte Chinoxaline, eine Gruppe neuer Pflanzenschutzmittel (1960)

Abstract In der Reihe der 2.3‐disubstituierten Chinoxaline wurde eine völlig neuartige, biologisch hochaktive Wirkstoffgruppe entdeckt. Unter etwa 320 bisher synthetisierten und biologisch geprüften Verbindungen dieser Art zeichnen sich insbesonders die Kohlensäurederivate des 2.3‐Dimercapto‐chinoxalins durch eine hohe Wirksamkeit gegenüber Spinnmilben und Mehltaupilzen aus. Für den Einsatz in der Praxis wurden das Chinoxalin‐2,3‐trithiocarbonat (Eradex) und das 6‐Methyl‐2.3‐dithiolcarbonat als besonders aussichtsreich befunden. Eradex wirkt in gleicher Weise gegen normal sensible und resistente Spinnmilben; es ist gut pflanzenverträglich und für Warmblüter und Nutzinsekten völlig ungiftig, so daß mit seiner Hilfe das an Bedeutung ständig zunehmende Problem der Spinnmilbenresistenz erfolgreich angegangen werden kann.
A Joint Factor Analysis Approach to Progressive Model Adaptation in Text-Independent Speaker Verification (2007)

This paper addresses the issue of speaker variability and session variability in text-independent Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based speaker verification. A speaker model adaptation procedure is proposed which is based on a joint factor analysis approach to speaker verification. It is shown in this paper that this approach facilitates the implementation of a progressive unsupervised adaptation strategy which is able to produce an improved model of speaker identity while minimizing the influence of channel variability. The paper also deals with the interaction between this model adaptation approach and score normalization strategies which act to reduce the variation in likelihood ratio scores. This issue is particularly important in establishing decision thresholds in practical speaker verification systems since the variability of likelihood ratio scores can increase as a result of progressive model adaptation. These adaptation methods have been evaluated under the adaptation paradigm defined under the NIST 2005 Speaker Recognition Evaluation Plan, which is based on conversation sides derived from telephone speech utterances. It was found that when target speaker models were trained from a single conversation, an equal error rate (EER) of 4.5% was obtained under the NIST unsupervised speaker adaptation scenario.
Rat hepatocyte spheroids formed on temperature-responsive PIPAAm polymer- grafted surface maintain long-term differentiated hepatocyte function (2014)

Background. Although the development of a practicable culture method to maintain long-term hepatocyte function is highly desirable, hepatocytes lose their liver-specific functions rapidly on regular collagen-coated dishes. In this study, we evaluated the effi cacy of a special cell culture dish coated with the temperature-responsive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm), and observed the morphological and functional changes of hepatocytes on changing the amount of polymer. Methods. Culture plates with varying amounts of PIPAAm polymer (1.5〜3.5 times that in the commercially available temperatureresponsive polymer-containing dish (UpCell®, CellSeed, Tokyo, Japan)) were prepared. All dishes were enhanced by adding a layer of rat tail collagen I at a dose of 600 µg/dish for 3 hours. Hepatocytes isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured in these static culture systems. Morphologic changes and liver-specific functions were evaluated. Results. On day 7 of culture, spheroid formation of hepatocytes was observed in the high-polymer group, with the presence of glycogen and albumin in the spheroid. In the high-polymer group, the rate of albumin production was significantly higher than in the low-polymer group until day 14 of culture (P<0.001). Conclusion. The spheroid formation of hepatocytes cultured in the presence of a high level of PIPAAm showed the long-term maintenance of liver-specific functions in vitro.
TOWARD A THEORY OF THE DEEP STRUCTURE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS (1990)

The deep structure of an information system comprises those properties that manifest the meaning of the real-world system that the information system is intended to model. In this paper we describe three models that we have developed of information systems decl}.structure properties. The first, the representational model, proposes a set of constructs that enable the ontological completeness of an information systems grammar to be evaluated. The second, the state-tracking model, proposes four requirements that information systems must satisfy if they are to faithfully track the real-world system they are intended to model. The third, the good-decomposition model, proposes a set of necessary conditions that an information system must meet if it is to be well decomposed. The three models facilitate the evaluation of grammars used to analyze, design, and implement information systems and specific scripts that represent implemented information systems.
Correspondence Reply to Professor Julius Stone (1970)

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