gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Technosphere <sup>™</sup> /Insulin—A New Approach for Effective Delivery of Human Insulin Via the Pulmonary Route (2002)

The development of pulmonary insulin formulation offers an attractive alternative to the current requirement of repeated subcutaneous (s.c.) injections for insulin administration. Technosphere/Insulin is a formulation of regular human insulin that was designed to produce an efficient transport of insulin across the respiratory epithelium into the systemic circulation. Several studies using the euglycemic clamp technique were performed in healthy volunteers and patients with Type 2 diabetes to assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of Technosphere/Insulin. The investigations revealed a very rapid systemic insulin uptake (insulin T(max) approximately 12-14 min), a fast onset of action (maximum activity approximately 20-30 min), and a short duration of action (approximately 2-3 h) in healthy volunteers and in patients with Type 2 diabetes. In the first study, employing a commercially available inhaler, the relative bioavailability (compared with s.c. injections) was initially reported to be 26% for the first 3 h and 16% for the entire observation period of 6 h. With the development of a specific inhaler adapted to the physical properties of Technosphere/Insulin, the MedTone Inhaler, relative bioavailability was 50% for the first 3 h and 30% over the entire 6-h period. A clear linearity of systemic insulin uptake was observed in a study employing 12 healthy volunteers inhaling doses of 25, 50, and 100 IU. Repeated inhalation of 100 IU of Technosphere/Insulin by 12 patients with Type 2 diabetes revealed a lower variability in comparison with published s.c. injection data from healthy volunteers. This new Technosphere/Insulin formulation was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported in any of the investigations. Given its attractive time-action profile, Technosphere/Insulin may become a suitable alternative to s.c. injection for prandial insulin delivery, especially in patients with Type 2 diabetes, if the long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of this pulmonary insulin are established and confirmed in future studies.
Optical Constants of UV Transparent EVA and the Impact on the PV Module Output Power under Realistic Irradiation (2016)

We measure and discuss the complex refractive index of conventional ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and an EVA with enhanced UV-transmission based on spectroscopic ellipsometry, transmission and reflection measurements over the wavelength range from 300-1200 nm. Ray tracing of entire solar cell modules using this optical data predicts a 1.3% increase in short circuit current density ( J sc ) at standard test conditions for EVA with enhanced UV transmission. This is in good agreement with laboratory experiments of test modules that result in a 1.4% increase in J sc by using a UV transparent instead of a conventional EVA. Further, ray tracing simulations with realistic irradiation conditions with respect to angular and spectral distribution reveal an even larger J sc increase of 1.9% in the yearly average. This increase is largest in the summer months with an increase of up to 2.3%.
A simplified approach to optimum diversity combining and equalization in digital data transmission (1995)

We present simplified derivations of some results given by Balaban and Salt (see ibid., vol.40, no.5, p.885-894 and p.895-907, 1992). We propose an equivalent single channel representation of linear diversity channels. Based on J. Salz's earlier work (1973), we obtain a simple method to derive various forms of optimum diversity combining and equalization in digital data transmission.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Continuous-flow peritoneal dialysis: update. (2004)

The theoretical constructs of and limited clinical experiments with, continuous flow peritoneal dialysis (CFPD) are very promising. Specifically, removal of small molecular solutes has been shown to approximate that with quotidian hemodialysis. However progress has been slow because of the lack of an adequate peritoneal access device and the high cost of peritoneal dialysis (PD) solution generation. Several novel designs for CFPD catheters have been introduced during the past year. Those designs may solve some of the problems of fluid mixing and recirculation. This review of the past and latest developments in CFPD identifies the factors that limit the widespread use of this promising therapy.
The complete amino acid sequence of a biologically active 197-residue fragment of M protein isolated from type 5 group A streptococci. (1984)

The complete amino acid sequence of a peptic fragment (Pep M5) of the group A streptococcal type 5 M protein, the antiphagocytic cell surface molecule of the bacteria, is described. This fragment, comprising nearly half of the native M molecule, is biologically active in that it has the ability to interact with opsonic antibodies as well as to evoke such an antibody response in rabbits. The sequence of Pep M5 was determined by automated Edman degradations of the uncleaved molecule and its enzymatically derived peptides. The primary peptides for Edman degradation were the arginine peptides obtained by tryptic digestion. The tryptic cleavage of Pep M5 was limited to the arginyl peptide bonds by derivatizing the epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues by reductive dihydroxypropylation. The overlapping peptides were generated by digestion of the unmodified Pep M5 with chymotrypsin, V8 protease, and subtilisin. The sequence thus established for the Pep M5 molecule consists of a total of 197 residues (Mr = 22,705). The Pep M5 protein contains some identical, or nearly so, repeating sequences: four 7-residue segments and two 10-residue segments. However, extensive sequence repeats of the kind previously reported within the partial sequence of another M protein serotype, namely Pep M24, were absent. The Pep M5 sequence is distinct from, but exhibits some homology with, the partial sequences of two other M protein serotypes, namely, Pep M6 and Pep M24. Furthermore, the 7-residue periodicity of the nonpolar and charged residues, an alpha-helical coiled-coil structural characteristic that was previously observed within the partial sequences of M proteins, was found to extend over a significant part of the Pep M5 sequence. The implication of these results to the function and immunological diversity in M proteins is discussed.
Lipidomics and RNA sequencing reveal a novel subpopulation of nanovesicle within extracellular matrix biomaterials (2020)

Biomaterials composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) provide both mechanical support and a reservoir of constructive signaling molecules that promote functional tissue repair. Recently, matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBVs) have been reported as an integral component of ECM bioscaffolds. Although liquid-phase extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been the subject of intense investigation, their similarity to MBV is limited to size and shape. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based lipidomics and redox lipidomics were used to conduct a detailed comparison of liquid-phase EV and MBV phospholipids. Combined with comprehensive RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of the intravesicular cargo, we show that MBVs are a distinct and unique subpopulation of EV and a distinguishing feature of ECM-based biomaterials. The results begin to identify the differential biologic activities mediated by EV that are secreted by tissue-resident cells and deposited within the ECM.
EU FP7 INFSO-ICT-317669 METIS, D2.4 Proposed solutions for new radio access (2015)

This deliverable represents the final report on the METIS radio link research. It provides a comprehensive and self-contained summary of all investigated technology components (TeCs), including evaluation results and conclusions on their potential for 5G. The METIS radio link research covers three main areas, which are considered key aspects for developing a self-contained air interface design for 5G: 1) Flexible air interface, 2) Waveforms, coding & modulation and transceiver design and 3) Multiple access, Medium Access Control (MAC) and Radio Resource Management (RRM). TeCs with similar research context and objectives have been grouped into clusters, whereof five have been selected as the most promising for 5G systems: From research area 1, TeC clusters providing key enablers for an air interface for ultra-dense networks (UDN) and for moving networks; from research area 2, multi-carrier transmission schemes with filtering; and from research area 3, novel access schemes for massive machine access as well as for non-orthogonal access.
Non-specific Activities against Ruthenium Crosslinker as a New Cause of Assay Interference in an Electrochemilluminescent Immunoassay (2007)

Clinical assays are very important for the diagnosis and management of clinical disorders. Each assay system consists of a specific method to detect and/or quantify a substance of interest in the clinical specimen. However, clinical assays can be unfavorably influenced by non-specific activities concomitantly present in the specimen, which may mislead clinical decisions. Thus, it is very important to know how each assay works, and how and when the assay is non-specifically influenced. Here, we report three cases shown clinical data of thyroid function influenced by new type of assay interference.
Arabinose is metabolized via a phosphoketolase pathway in <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i> ATCC 824 (2012)

In this report, a novel zymogram assay and coupled phosphoketolase assay were employed to demonstrate that Clostridium acetobutylicum gene CAC1343 encodes a bi-functional xylulose-5-P/fructose-6-P phosphoketolase (XFP). The specific activity of purified recombinant XFP was 6.9 U/mg on xylulose-5-P and 21 U/mg on fructose-6-P, while the specific activity of XFP in concentrated C. acetobutylicum whole-cell extract was 0.094 and 0.52 U/mg, respectively. Analysis of crude cell extracts indicated that XFP activity was present in cells grown on arabinose but not glucose and quantitative PCR was used to show that CAC1343 mRNA expression was induced 185-fold during growth on arabinose when compared to growth on glucose. HPLC analysis of metabolites revealed that during growth on xylose and glucose more butyrate than acetate was formed with final acetate:butyrate ratios of 0.72 and 0.83, respectively. Growth on arabinose caused a metabolic shift to more oxidized products with a final acetate:butyrate ratio of 1.95. The shift towards more oxidized products is consistent with the presence of an XFP, suggesting that arabinose is metabolized via a phosphoketolase pathway while xylose is probably metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway.
Safety of BLP25 Liposome Vaccine (L-BLP25) in Japanese Patients with Unresectable Stage III NSCLC after Primary Chemoradiotherapy: Preliminary Results from a Phase I/II Study (2011)

Preliminary safety findings are presented from the open-label Phase I part of a combined Phase I/II study of BLP25 liposome vaccine (L-BLP25) in Japanese patients with unresectable Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer after primary chemoradiotherapy. Six patients received four or more once-weekly vaccinations with L-BLP25 1000 μg subcutaneously prior to a preliminary safety evaluation. Treatment continued with once-weekly vaccinations with L-BLP25 1000 μg subcutaneously until week 8, then maintenance vaccinations every 6 weeks until progressive disease. Cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m(2) i.v. single dose) was given 3 days before first vaccination. Median age was 63.5 years and performance status was 0-1. No serious adverse events occurred; none necessitated discontinuation. L-BLP25-related adverse events (Grade 1) were myalgia, arthralgia and nausea; cyclophosphamide-related adverse events comprised dysgeusia, anorexia and nausea. The first evaluation of L-BLP25 in Japanese patients shows that it is well tolerated, and the safety profile is consistent with that seen in previous studies of Caucasian patients.
Novel Chitosan-Based Films Cross-Linked by Genipin with Improved Physical Properties (2003)

Novel cross-linked chitosan-based films were prepared using the solution casting technique. A naturally occurring and nontoxic cross-linking agent, genipin, was used to form the chitosan and chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blend networks, where two types of PEO were used, one with a molecular weight of 20 000 g/mol (HPEO) and the other of 600 g/mol (LPEO). Genipin is used in traditional Chinese medicine and extracted from gardenia fruit. Importantly, it overcomes the problem of physiological toxicity inherent in the use of some common synthetic chemicals as cross-linking agents. The mechanical properties and the stability in water of cross-linked and un-crosslinked chitosan and chitosan/PEO blend films were investigated. It was shown that, compared to the transparent yellow, un-cross-linked chitosan/PEO blend films, the genipin-cross-linked chitosan-based film, blue in color, was more elastic, was more stable, and had better mechanical properties. Genipin-cross-linking produced chitosan networks that were insoluble in acidic and alkaline solutions but were able to swell in these aqueous media. The swelling characteristics of the films exhibit sensitivity to the environmental pH and temperature. The surface properties of the films were also examined by contact angle measurements using water and mixtures of water/ethanol. The results showed that, with the one exception of cross-linked pure chitosan in 100% water, the cross-linked chitosan and chitosan/PEO blends were more hydrophobic than un-crosslinked ones.
Contemporary Art in Europe (2008)

too long before the public to require mention, were it not to say that he now probably exerts a less proportionate influence than formerly.AVith all the extravagance of his works was blended so much that was really true and great that at one time he exerted a salutary influence on
Important kinetic effects in the hybrid ElectricOIL system (2006)

Laser action at 1315 nm on the I(<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>) → I(<sup>2</sup>P<sub>3/2</sub>) transition of atomic iodine has been obtained by a near resonant energy transfer from O<sub>2</sub>(a<sup>1</sup>Δ) produced using a low-pressure electric discharge. In the electric discharge oxygen-iodine laser (ElectricOIL) the discharge production of atomic oxygen, ozone, and other excited species adds significantly higher levels of complexity to the post-discharge kinetics which are not encountered in a classic purely chemical O<sub>2</sub> (a<sup>1</sup>Δ) generation system. In this paper, the discharge species output for laser operating conditions are discussed. Spatial measurements of O<sub>2</sub>(a<sup>1</sup>Δ) and O<sub>2</sub> (b<sup>1</sup>Σ) are reported, and various methods for the determination of atomic oxygen levels are discussed and compared. The injection of NO<sub>X</sub> into the system to benefit O<sub>2</sub>(a<sup>1</sup>Δ) production is investigated.
Labeled Graph Generative Adversarial Networks (2019)

As a new approach to train generative models, \emph{generative adversarial networks} (GANs) have achieved considerable success in image generation. This framework has also recently been applied to data with graph structures. We propose labeled-graph generative adversarial networks (LGGAN) to train deep generative models for graph-structured data with node labels. We test the approach on various types of graph datasets, such as collections of citation networks and protein graphs. Experiment results show that our model can generate diverse labeled graphs that match the structural characteristics of the training data and outperforms all alternative approaches in quality and generality. To further evaluate the quality of the generated graphs, we use them on a downstream task of graph classification, and the results show that LGGAN can faithfully capture the important aspects of the graph structure.
Fast and effective occlusion culling for 3D holographic displays by inverse orthographic projection with low angular sampling (2014)

Occlusion culling is an important process that produces correct depth cues for observers in holographic displays, whereas current methods suffer from occlusion errors or high computational loads. We propose a fast and effective method for occlusion culling based on multiple light-point sampling planes and an inverse orthographic projection technique. Multiple light-point sampling planes are employed to remove the hidden surfaces for each direction of the view of the three-dimensional (3D) scene by forward orthographic projection, and the inverse orthographic projection technique is used to determine the effective sampling points of the 3D scene. A numerical simulation and an optical experiment are performed. The results show that this approach can realize accurate occlusion effects, smooth motion parallax, and continuous depth using low angular sampling without any extra computation costs.
Tolyporphin, a novel multidrug resistance reversing agent from the blue-green alga Tolypothrix nodosa (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTolyporphin, a novel multidrug resistance reversing agent from the blue-green alga Tolypothrix nodosaMichele R. Prinsep, Faith R. Caplan, Richard E. Moore, Gregory M. L. Patterson, and Charles D. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1, 385–387Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00027a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00027a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views462Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cloud security consciousness: a need for realisation in entrepreneurial small firms (2014)

Cloud computing represents a fundamental shift in the way information services are provided but with its unique architecture comes additional security challenges, many of which are technical in nature. However, the paradigm shift also presents new challenges, which are non-technical and whether or not companies actually consider all of these issues in moving to the cloud is a matter of concern. This paper attempts to elevate the notion of cloud security consciousness (CSC) in the domain of small firms with a goal of introducing a level of innateness into the concept in its practical use. By synthesising CSC with various behavioural theories including coping theory, we seek to place CSC and the coping process at the centre of a security-centric cognitive framework for cloud adoption, while recognising that such coping processes are heavily shaped by both social influence and self-efficacy factors.
Immediate Partial Validation Mechanism of the Update Operations in XML Databases (2001)

Structural information is very important in XML document processing. The logical structure of XML document must be validated by parser whether it confirms to DTD or not when browsed or updated by applications. In most cases, parser validates whole XML documents and can&apos;t validate parts of them. If applications will update an XML document that has been stored in the database, it causes decreases in performance due to the validation process.
Anomalous temperature dependence of diffusion coefficient (1985)

A model is proposed which yields an anomalous diffusion coefficient, with a maximum in its temperature dependence, in contrast to the linear temperature dependence of simple diffusion processes. It is found that the anomalous temperature dependence of this diffusion coefficient is obtained by taking into account ``memory effects'' or ``correlation'' in the usual random walks. As an example, random motions of paramecium, which show the anomalous temperature dependence of this diffusion coefficient, are considered.
Cold induced endothelial cell detachment in human saphenous vein grafts. (1987)

The effect of profound (4 degrees C) and moderate cooling (20 degrees C) on the endothelium of human saphenous vein grafts for aortocoronary bypass was studied. When harvesting the vein, a piece (5-6 cm) was taken for the study and divided in two equal parts. The segments were incubated in cell culture medium for 45 minutes at 4 degrees C and 20 degrees C respectively. They were then perfused with cell culture medium at a flow rate of 100 ml/min, with a pressure of 85 mmHg and a temperature of 20 degrees C. After termination of perfusion the percentage of luminal surface without endothelial cells was determined by morphometry with scanning electron microscopy. The veins that were exposed to 4 degrees C had a significantly higher degree of endothelial cell detachment than those exposed to 20 degrees C (p less than 0.003). This study indicates that cooling to 4 degrees C may be harmful to the endothelial lining of veins which are prepared for grafting into the arterial system. Such cooling should therefore probably be avoided.
Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in <i>Persephin</i> (2002)

Persephin (Pspn), a recently cloned member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily (TGF-beta) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) subfamily, is distributed throughout the nervous system at extremely low levels and is thought to function as a survival factor for midbrain dopaminergic and spinal motor neurons in vivo. Here, we report that mice lacking Pspn by homologous recombination show normal development and behavior, but are hypersensitive to cerebral ischemia. A 300% increase in infarction volume was observed after middle cerebral artery occlusion. We find that glutamate-induced Ca(2+) influx, thought to be a major component of ischemic neuronal cell death, can be regulated directly by the Persephin protein (PSP) and that PSP can reduce hypoxia/reperfusion cell death in vitro. Neuronal cell death can be prevented or markedly attenuated by administration of recombinant human PSP in vivo before ischemia in both mouse and rat models. Taken together, these data indicate that PSP is a potent modulator of excitotoxicity in the central nervous system with pronounced neuroprotective activity. Our findings support the view that PSP signaling can exert an important control function in the context of stroke and glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity, and also suggest that future therapeutic approaches may involve this novel trophic protein.