gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eaglecrest: A commuter's dream: Communication is everything in this high-tech aerie in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada; it is designed to permit the professional to work at home, far from the madding crowd (1985)

Eaglecrest is the name given to a community of 360 homes being built in Foresthill, California. The houses are being designed so as to permit telecommuting. To facilitate telecommuting, 12 main phone lines will be run into each home to a central box in the garage. From this box, other lines will fan out in sets of three to each of 10 locations in the house. Which three lines go to which location can be easily regulated manually at the main control, or a smart system can be installed to automate the switching process. Because those who word at home will miss the social interaction of a work environment, considerable attention is being given to facilities that will encourage residents to socialize with each other. These include public spaces, picnic areas, recreation centers, and electronic bulletin boards. In addition, two-way cable television lines will run throughout the development. Heating and cooling of the homes will be done by integrating passive and active solar systems, with a little help from a wood-burning stove.
Petroleum Derived Carbons (1976)

This paper is concerned with an important but little known group of highly useful materials which can be described as high purity industrial carbons and which will be spoken of simply as industrial carbons for convenience. We are not dealing with the final end use products that are made from highly pure carbons. Rather, we are dealing with the forms of carbon that serve as key components in the manufacture of such end use items as tires, plastic building materials, amorphous and graphitized electrodes, and the literally hundreds of very essential small volume items made from carbon. It is the purpose of this paper to place in perspective for you these various forms of industrial carbons indicating not only the opportunities for their growth but the problems that will be encountered in maintaining adequate supplies of proper quality source materials for their manufacture. The problems that are now surfacing present
Compounds in Mixed Nitrate Fertilizers and Their Behavior (1974)

硝酸アンモニウム,硫酸アンモニウム,塩化カリウムおよびリン酸アンモニウムを原料としてつくる化成肥料中では,その配合割合により多量の複塩2NH4NO3,(NH,)2SO4を生成し,共存するカリウム塩の量に応じてこの複塩のNH4の最高40%程度までがKで置換される(この複塩とその固溶体を以下Bと呼ぶ)。Bは水分が存在しなければ150℃程度まで安定であるが,水分の存在下では80。C以上で次第に硝酸塩と硫酸塩に分解し,分解生成物は室温で貯蔵中にふたたびBを形成する。Bの密度や生成熱はKの固溶度に応じて大きな差がある。Kの比較的少ない製品20-11-11では,室温でのBの生成は発熱と体積増加をともない;粒の崩壊の原因となる。Kが比較的多い15-20-15では,Bの生成はわつかな吸熱と体積減少をともない,反応も遅いので粒の崩壊は起こらないが,粒内部の水分が表面に拡散するにしたがって表面にBを生成して固結を起こす。崩壊や固結を防ぐには,NO,/SO,比を変えてBの量を減らすか,造粒や乾燥に高温を避け,また製造中の冷却工程でBの生成を促すとよいであろう。粉体配合造粒の場合には未反応の原料塩類が製品中に残りやすく,これらが貯蔵中に反応して固結の原因となりうる。
Advanced Control Design for Wind Turbines; Part I: Control Design, Implementation, and Initial Tests (2008)

The purpose of this report is to give wind turbine engineers information and examples of the design, testing through simulation, field implementation, and field testing of advanced wind turbine controls.
Soft real-time application execution with dynamic quality of service assurance (2002)

There is an emerging set of research operating systems that provide specialized support for continuous media and other soft real-time applications. A number of these systems provide QoS scheduling abstractions, some of which may dynamically change the QoS allocations to applications during application execution. The tools and environments that allow application developers to take advantage of these abstractions generally do not exist. This paper describes a dynamic QoS resource manager (DQM), which is a middleware application that abstracts these new operating system interfaces so that they can be easily used in contemporary application environments.
New optical frequency domain differential mode delay measurement method for a multimode optical fiber (2005)

A novel mode analysis method and differential mode delay (DMD) measurement technique for a multimode optical fiber based on optical frequency domain reflectometry has been proposed for the first time. We have used a conventional OFDR with a tunable external cavity laser and a Michelson interferometer. A few-mode optical multimode fiber was prepared to test our proposed measurement technique. We have also compared the OFDR measurement results with those obtained using a traditional time-domain measurement method.
GaAs solar cells grown on Si substrates for space use (2001)

Abstract GaAs single‐junction and InGaP/GaAs multi‐junction thin‐film solar cells fabricated on Si substrates have great potential for high‐efficiency, low‐cost, lightweight and large‐area space solar cells. Heteroepitaxy of GaAs thin films on Si substrates has been examined and high‐efficiency GaAs thin‐film solar cells with total‐area efficiencies of 18·3% at AM0 and 20·0% at AM 1·5 on Si substrates (GaAs‐on‐Si solar cells) have been fabricated. In addition, 1‐MeV electron irradiation damage to GaAs‐on‐Si cells has been studied. The GaAs‐on‐Si cells are found to show higher end‐of‐life efficiency than the conventional GaAs cells fabricated on GaAs substrates (GaAs‐ on‐GaAs cells) under high‐fluence 1‐MeV electron irradiation of more than 1 × 10 15 cm −2 . The first space flight to make use of them has been carried out. Forty‐eight 2 × 2 cm GaAs‐on‐Si cells with an average AM0 total‐area efficiency of 16·9% have been evaluated in the Engineering Test Satellite No.6 (ETS‐VI). The GaAs‐on‐Si cells have been demonstrated to be more radiation‐resistant in space than GaAs‐on‐GaAs cells and 50, 100 and 200‐μm‐thick Si cells. These results show that the GaAs‐on‐Si single‐junction and InGaP/GaAs‐on‐Si multi‐junction cells have great potential for space applications. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey on digital evidence collection and analysis (2017)

The growth of digital technologies results in the growth of digital crimes. Digital forensics aims to collect crime-related evidence from various digital media and analyze it. This survey reviews several tools and methods in the literature which extract pieces of evidence from the system and analyze them. It also dfscusses the challenges during the collection and analysis of low level data from the compromised system.
The Noble-Abel Equation of State: Thermodynamic Derivations for Ballistics Modelling (2005)

Accurate modeling of gun interior ballistics promotes more efficient gun and propelling charge design. In order to simulate interior ballistic flowfields, such models require a description of the thermodynamic behaviour of the propellant gas. The Noble-Abel equation provides a simple and reasonably accurate equation of state for propellant gases at the high densities and temperatures experienced in guns. Most computational fluid dynamics-based ballistics models, however, require additional thermodynamic functions which must be derived from the equation of state. This note presents the derivation of such thermodynamic functions for Noble-Abel gases. Although the derivations are geared toward the functional requirements of the commercial Fluent code, the results are equally applicable to all computational fluid dynamics solvers. Also presented is a brief numerical example for a typical propellant; highlighting the different thermodynamics of the Noble-Abel and ideal gas equations.
(Aminoalkyl)pyrenes (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT(Aminoalkyl)pyrenesE. MARCUS and J. T. FITZPATRICKCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 2, 199–202Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01072a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01072a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views350Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impaired angiopoietin/Tie2 signaling compromises Schlemm’s canal integrity and induces glaucoma (2017)

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is often caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which arises due to increased resistance to aqueous humor outflow (AHO). Aqueous humor flows through Schlemm's canal (SC), a lymphatic-like vessel encircling the cornea, and via intercellular spaces of ciliary muscle cells. However, the mechanisms underlying increased AHO resistance are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that signaling between angiopoietin (Angpt) and the Angpt receptor Tie2, which is critical for SC formation, is also indispensable for maintaining SC integrity during adulthood. Deletion of Angpt1/Angpt2 or Tie2 in adult mice severely impaired SC integrity and transcytosis, leading to elevated IOP, retinal neuron damage, and impairment of retinal ganglion cell function, all hallmarks of POAG in humans. We found that SC integrity is maintained by interconnected and coordinated functions of Angpt-Tie2 signaling, AHO, and Prox1 activity. These functions diminish in the SC during aging, leading to impaired integrity and transcytosis. Intriguingly, Tie2 reactivation using a Tie2 agonistic antibody rescued the POAG phenotype in Angpt1/Angpt2-deficient mice and rejuvenated the SC in aged mice. These results indicate that the Angpt-Tie2 system is essential for SC integrity. The impairment of this system underlies POAG-associated pathogenesis, supporting the possibility that Tie2 agonists could be a therapeutic option for glaucoma.
Circulating Cell-Free DNA—Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications in Personalized Cancer Therapy (2018)

Abstract: Genomic analyses in oncologic care allow for the development of more precise clinical laboratory tests that will be critical for personalized pharmacotherapy. Traditional biopsy-based approaches are limited by the availability of sequential tissue specimens to detect resistance. Blood-based genomic profiling (“liquid biopsy”) is useful for longitudinal monitoring of tumor genomes and can complement biopsies. Tumor-associated mutations can be identified in cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) from patient blood samples and used for monitoring disease activity. The US Food and Drug Administration approved a liquid biopsy test for EGFR -activating mutations in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer as a companion diagnostic for therapy selection. ctDNA also allows for the identification of mutations selected by treatment such as EGFR T790M in non–small-cell lung cancer. ctDNA can also detect mutations such as KRAS G12V in colorectal cancer and BRAF V600E/V600K in melanoma. Chromosomal aberration pattern analysis by low-coverage whole genome sequencing is a new, broader approach. Genomic imbalances detected in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can be used to compute a copy number instability (CNI) score. In clinical studies, it was demonstrated that the change in CNI score can serve as an early predictor of therapeutic response to chemotherapy/immunotherapy of many cancer types. In multivariable models, it could be shown that the CNI score was superior to clinical parameters for prediction of overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer. There is emerging evidence for the clinical validity of ctDNA testing regarding identification of candidates for targeted therapies, prediction of therapeutic response, early detection of recurrence, resistance mutation detection, measuring genetic heterogeneity, tumor burden monitoring, and risk stratification. Improvement of sensitivity to detect tumors at very early stages is difficult due to insufficient mutant DNA fraction of ≤0.01%. Further developments will include validation in prospective multicenter interventional outcome studies and the development of digital platforms to integrate diagnostic data.
Domestics, ‘Dirty Work’ and the Affects of Domination (2011)

(2011). Domestics, ‘Dirty Work’ and the Affects of Domination. South African Review of Sociology: Vol. 42, DEBATING THE DOMESTIC, pp. 1-7.
Research on the Application of Blockchain in the Traceability System of Agricultural Products (2018)

You must be familiar with the word “organic agricultural products”, but because of the lack of universal credit vouchers in the market, people can't be reassured by the purchase of organic agricultural products. Therefore, it is particularly important to trace the agricultural products. The Blockchain technology has developed rapidly in recent years. This technology has aroused the attention of experts and scholars, and has become a hot topic. The Blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, information security and trustworthiness. If the Blockchain is applied to the traceability system of agricultural products, the authenticity of organic agricultural products can be well tested. This paper introduces the formation process of Blockchain, describes the characteristics of Blockchain, and analyzes the model and the key technologies of Blockchain system. At last, the paper constructs a traceability system model based on the Blockchain technologies.
Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

Although physical activity (PA) is a key element in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes, many with this chronic disease do not become or remain regularly active. High-quality studies establishing the importance of exercise and fitness in diabetes were lacking until recently, but it is now well established that participation in regular PA improves blood glucose control and can prevent or delay type 2 diabetes, along with positively impacting lipids, blood pressure, cardiovascular events, mortality, and quality of life. Structured interventions combining PA and modest weight loss have been shown to lower risk of type 2 diabetes by up to 58% in high-risk populations. Most benefits of PA on diabetes management are realized through acute and chronic improvements in insulin action, accomplished with both aerobic and resistance training. …
Exploring the Limits of Graph Invariant- and Spectrum-Based Discrimination of (Sub)structures (2002)

The limits of a recently proposed computer method for finding all distinct substructures of a chemical structure are systematically explored within comprehensive graph samples which serve as supersets of the graphs corresponding to saturated hydrocarbons, both acyclic (up to n = 20) and (poly)cyclic (up to n = 10). Several pairs of smallest graphs and compounds are identified that cannot be distinguished using selected combinations of invariants such as combinations of Balaban's index J and graph matrix eigenvalues. As the most important result, it can now be stated that the computer program NIMSG, using J and distance eigenvalues, is safe within the domain of mono- through tetracyclic saturated hydrocarbon substructures up to n = 10 (oligocyclic decanes) and of all acyclic alkane substructures up to n = 19 (nonadecanes), i.e., it will not miss any of these substructures. For the regions surrounding this safe domain, upper limits are found for the numbers of substructures that may be lost in the worst case, and these are low. This taken together means that the computer program can be reasonably employed in chemistry whenever one is interested in finding the saturated hydrocarbon substructures. As to unsaturated and heteroatom containing substructures, there are reasons to conjecture that the method's resolving power for them is similar.
ACID-TREATED STARCHES (2000)

Acids such as HCl and H2SO4 cause scission of the glucosidic linkages, thereby altering the structure and properties of the native starch. The amorphous regions of the starch granule are more susceptible to acid hydrolysis than the crystalline regions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on: (1) the extent of acid hydrolysis of starches from different botanical origins; (2) the changes in molar mass, crystallinity, viscosity, gel rigidity and gelatinization transition temperatures on acid hydrolysis; (3) the effect of annealing, heat–moisture treatment, high pressure, and amylose-complexed lipids on the rate and extent of acid hydrolysis and; (4) the mechanism of acid hydrolysis in an alcoholic media.
A study on self turn-on phenomenon in fast switching operation of high voltage power MOSFET (2013)

This paper analytically discusses the self turn-on phenomenon for SiC power MOSFET with deriving circuit formula and device characterization, and the effect of active Miller clamp circuit. The discussion is evaluated with the experiment.
APIF: A New Interaction Fingerprint Based on Atom Pairs and Its Application to Virtual Screening (2009)

A new interaction fingerprint (IF) called APIF (atom-pairs-based interaction fingerprint) has been developed for postprocessing protein-ligand docking results. Unlike other existing fingerprints which employ absolute locations of individual interactions, APIF considers the relative positions of pairs of interacting atoms. Docking-based virtual screening was performed with GOLD using the crystal structures of trypsin, rhinovirus, HIV protease, carboxypeptidase, and estrogen receptor-alpha as targets. A score derived from the similarity of the bit strings for each docking solution to that of a known reference binding mode was obtained. Comparisons between APIF, GoldScore function, and standard interaction fingerprint (CHIF) scores were performed using enrichment plots. Superior recovery rates were observed in the IF score cases. Comparable results were achieved by using either of the two interaction fingerprints, substantially improving GoldScore function enrichment factors. Binding mode analyses were also carried out in order to study the best method for selecting conformations with a binding mode similar to that of the reference crystallized complex. These showed that the first conformations retrieved by interaction fingerprint scores had a more similar binding mode to the reference complex than those retrieved by the GoldScore function.
Learning character recognition by localized interpretation of character-images (2002)

Recognition algorithms encompass segmentation, feature extraction and classification, but these components might be difficult to isolate because of strong interactions between them, and the lack of crisp criteria telling where one stops and where the other begins. Extreme variability of text images, and of hand written texts in particular, makes it difficult to tune any of those three parts of a recognition algorithm to real data. Automatic parameter tuning (training or learning) requires parametrization of at least a part of the algorithm. As it is more convenient to parametrize classification than the rest of the recognition algorithm, machine learned recognition usually means that the recognition classifier has been trained or tuned automatically. We show that our box connectivity approach to feature extraction, and localized interpretation within the classifier, provide solutions to the outlined problems, and allow efficient implementation of direct learning.
Reduction in infarct size by local estrogen does not prevent autonomic dysfunction after stroke (2001)

Systemic estrogen administration in male rats has been shown to normalize the autonomic dysfunction and reduce the infarct size after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Therefore, the present investigation determined if local microinjection of estrogen at the site of the infarct also promoted recovery of autonomic function and reduction of the infarct size. Experiments were done in anesthetized (thiobutabarbitol sodium; 100 mg/kg) male Sprague-Dawley rats instrumented to record baseline and reflex changes in cardiovascular and autonomic parameters. The right middle cerebral artery was permanently occluded using bipolar coagulation. Local microinjection of estrogen into the insular cortex before MCAO significantly reduced the infarct size but did not attenuate the MCAO-induced autonomic dysfunction. Injection of ICI-182,780 alone significantly increased infarct area; however, the greater infarct area was not associated with enhanced autonomic dysfunction. These results suggest that within the insula, endogenous estrogen activity can affect the extent of MCAO-induced cell death, but extracortical central nervous system sites may be responsible for mediating the beneficial effects of estrogen on the autonomic disturbances.
The prevalence of "pure" autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraparesis in the island of Ireland (2002)

The prevalence of ADHSP in Ireland to estimated to be 1.27/100 000 population. The high proportion of asymptomatic cases and obligate carriers means that this condition is likely to be underdiagnosed.
<title>A 1.32 micron, long-range, solid-state, imaging LADAR</title> (1992)

The design of a newly designed ladar system (called LADAR) using a diode-pumped Q-switched Nd:YLF laser operating at 1.32 micron is described, and images obtained with the LADAR are presented together with the performance results of signal processing algorithms. It is shown that the system is able to obtain a range image of a target at 2 km, obtain intensity image information, and implement target detection and identification algorithms.
Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Successfully Treated With Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorption Apheresis (2011)

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is one of the neutrophilic dermatoses mainly caused by activated neutrophils and monocytes. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (GCAP) is a useful extracorporeal circulation therapy for removal of activated granulocytes and monocytes. In this study, GCAP was used to treat three patients with different types of GPP; the diagnoses indicated patient 1 had GPP, patient 2 had GPP developed from psoriasis vulgaris and patient 3 had GPP based on psoriatic erythroderma. We performed GCAP on each of these patients once a week, for a total of five times. We found that the patients' pustules and edema disappeared and their erythema was reduced by GCAP therapy. Moreover, no adverse effects were observed. Thus, we conclude GCAP could be effective for treating various types of GPP.