gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MR Fat Suppression Technique in the Evaluation of Normal Structures of the Knee (1989)

The chopper fat suppression (CFS) pulse sequence, which is a phase sensitive implementation of the Dixon fat suppression method and the spin echo (SE) pulse sequence, was used in the evaluation of anatomic structures of the normal knee using 48 sets of imaging sequences in six volunteers using a repetition time/echo time combination of 1,500/30, 60 ms. A demonstration of the CFS technique in 10 patients with suspected knee pathology is also presented. A semiquantitative grading scale was established to rate anatomic visualization and used to compare CFS and SE pulse sequence techniques. The results in normal subjects demonstrate that hyaline cartilage is significantly better visualized by fat suppression pulse sequence than by conventional SE pulse sequence in the coronal and sagittal planes of imaging (p < 0.001). The preliminary results from patient studies suggest that CFS imaging may be useful in the evaluation of meniscal tears, in the differentiation of hyaline cartilage from joint fluid, and in the detection of both soft tissue and bone injuries.
Asynchronous modulator for linearization and switch-mode RF power amplifier applications (2009)

An implementation of an asynchronous modulator which encodes a modulated RF signal into a two level pulse train is described. The modulator is designed for RF switch mode amplifier applications and feedback linearization using conventional linear power amplifiers. The modulator is implemented in 0.18 mum SiGe BiCMOS and operates over a frequency range from 750 MHz to 2.2 GHz. The design includes the implementation of a fourth order complex bandpass filter and an encoder to synthesize a binary pulse train with asynchronous zero crossings. Experimental results are shown for a power amplifier module where the modulator is configured in a feedback loop linearizing a Doherty power amplifier while processing a three carrier WCDMA input signal.
QOS modeling aware load balancing in multi-application environment in network on chip (2014)

Quality of Service (QoS) in Network-on-Chip (NoC) become an important research area. Lately, increasing demands on availability, performance and reliability of Network on Chip connectivity are driving to offer Network connections with QoS guarantees efficiency. However, until now there is no standard method of the Quality of Service (QoS) measurement and less techniques have been used to provide its definition. Therefore researchers are looking for a projection of QoS on quantifiable space, since it is qualitative, subjective and not measurable. However, a few tentatives have studied QoS parameters estimation. Many applications in Networks on Chip (NoC) present a variable QoS parameters such as Packet Loss Rate (PLR), End-to-End Delay (EED) and Throughput (Thp). However, There are a few papers that have developed different method to modelize QoS in NoC. Their QoS presentation doesn't provide a multi-application parameters arbiter. The originality of our approach is based on a proposition of a QoS IP module in NoC architecture to improve network performances. We implement an extended approach of QoS metrics modeling for Network on Chip on multi-parameters and multi-applications environment. The QoS metrics model is based on QoS parameters such as PLR, EED and Thp for different applications. In this paper, we investigated into the problem of serving multi-applications with different levels of Quality of Service. To validate this work, a dynamic routing simulation for 4×4 mesh NoC behaviour under three different applications namely Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Variable Bit Rate (VBR) and Constant Bit Rate (CBR), is considered. We propose a dynamic load balancing policy based on the principals of queuing theory to offer differentiated services to multiple concurrent applications using QoS metric measurement. The results have shown that QoS modeling approach improves load balancing on NoC and is easy to implement in hardware-software quantifiable representation. Thus, implementing a quantifiable representation of QoS can be used to provide a NoC services arbiter. QoS arbiter interacted with other routers to ensure flits flow and QoS modeling to provide a QoS value.
Pointing accuracy and dynamic range in a steered beam adaptive array (1979)

This report examines the performance of a steered beam adaptive array as a function of the beam pointing error. The purpose is to determine how close the steered beam has to be to the actual desired signal arrival angle for good performance. It is shown that the beam pointing error that can be tolerated is essentially a question of dynamic range. The greater the desired signal dynamic range that must be accommodated by the array, the more accurate the beam pointing angle must be. (Author)
Thin-absorber extreme-ultraviolet lithography mask with light-shield border for full-field scanner: flatness and image placement change through mask process (2010)

When a thinner absorber mask is practically applied to the extreme ultraviolet lithography for ultra large scale integration chip production, it is inevitable to introduce an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light shield area to suppress leakage of the EUV light from adjacent exposure shots. We believe that a light-shield border of the multilayer etching type is a promising structure in terms of mask process flexibility for higher mask critical dimension accuracy. We evaluate the etching impact of the absorber and multilayer on the mask flatness and image placement change through the mask process of a thin absorber mask with a light-shield border of the multilayer etching type structure. We clarify the relation between mask flatness and mask image placement shift.
A survey of problems in the antibiotic treatment of gonorrhoea. With special reference to South-East Asia. (1970)

Member WHO Expert Panel on the Venereal Infections and Treponematoses A CRISIS is being reached in the treatment of gonor- rhoea in many countries of S.-E. Asia owing to the increased resistance of the gonococcus to antibiotics. The golden era of the antibiotic treatment of gonor- rhoea is over, now that the limits of single session therapy are drawing near in a number of areas, and high and multiple doses of penicillin, or other more expensive antibiotics, are coming to be required with consequent epidemiological and economic disadvant- ages. Moreover, the possibility of the general spread of the more resistant organisms to other areas of the world is a matter of expressed concern (J. Amer. med. Ass., 1967). Causes of failure other than resistance Developing resistance is not the only reason for failure of antibiotics (Carpenter, 1961; Stepniak, Paper presented to Second WHO Regional Seminar on V.D. Control, Manila, Philippines, in December, 1968 1961; Willcox, 1961). Other causes, listed in Table
Permeability Testing of Impacted Composite Laminates for Use on Reusable Launch Vehicles (2001)

Since composite laminates are beginning to be identified for use in reusable launch vehicle propulsion systems, an understanding of their permeance is needed. A foreign object impact event can cause a localized area of permeability (leakage) in a polymer matrix composite, and it is the aim of this study to assess a method of quantifying permeability-after-impact results. A simple test apparatus is presented, and variables that could affect the measured values of permeability-after-impact were assessed. Once it was determined that valid numbers were being measured, a fiber/resin system was impacted at various impact levels and the resulting permeability measured, first with a leak check solution (qualitative) then using the new apparatus (quantitative). The results showed that as the impact level increased, so did the measured leakage. As the pressure to the specimen was increased, the leak rate was seen to increase in a nonlinear fashion for almost all the specimens tested.
A Review of Myeloablative vs Reduced Intensity/Non-Myeloablative Regimens in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantations (2017)

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment option for both malignant and some benign hematological diseases. During the last decade, many of the newer high-dose regimens in different intensity have been developed specifically for patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Today there are three main approaches used prior to allogeneic transplantation: Myeloablative (MA), Reduced Intensity Conditioning (RIC) and Non-MA (NMA) regimens. MA regimens cause irreversible cytopenia and there is a requirement for stem cell support. Patients who receive NMA regimen have minimal cytopenia and this type of regimen can be given without stem cell support. RIC regimens do not fit the criteria of MA and NMA: the cytopenia is reversible and the stem cell support is necessary. NMA/RIC for Allo-HSCT has opened a new era for treating elderly patients and those with comorbidities. The RIC conditioning was used for 40% of all Allo-HSCT and this trend continue to increase. In this paper, we will review these regimens in the setting of especially allogeneic HSCT and our aim is to describe the history, features and impact of these conditioning regimens on specific diseases.
Ultrasonic detection of molten/solid interfaces of weld pools (1984)

Ultrasonic techniques are being studied for the detection and location of the liquid/solid interfaces of molten weld pools in metals during the welding process. The objective of the study is to develop a technique for sensing the depth or lateral position of a weld pool and providing a real-time control signal to the welder to achieve a completely automated, process-controlled welding system. Experimental results illustrating the feasibility and limitations of the technique are presented. 10 references.
New product varieties and the measurement of international prices (1994)

The high income elasticity of demand often estimated for U.S. imports may be a spurious result of omitting new product varieties from the import price indexes. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how to incorporate new product varieties into a constant-elasticity-of-substitution aggregate of import prices. This method is applied to U.S. imports of six disaggregate manufactured goods. It is shown that the corrected indexes are able to account for part--but not all--of the high income elasticities. Copyright 1994 by American Economic Association.
NITRIC OXIDE AND THE KIDNEY (1993)

Nitrix oxide (NO) is an endogenous vasidilator and antithrombogenic agent. NO appears to play an important role in renal physiology and pthophysiology. Under physiological conditions, NO participates in regulation of the glomerular microcirculation by modulating afferent arteriolar tone and relaxation of the mesangium. NO also may contribute to the regulation of renal sodium excretion and renin release. Endothelial dysfunction induced by a variety of injurious mechanisms can lead to decreased synthesis and release of renal NO
Topic naming service for DDS (2016)

Data Distribution Service (DDS) is a standard communication middleware that is suitable for real-time distributed communication with enhanced flexibility, scalability and interoperability. DDS discovery is a procedure to search the participants and endpoints of DDS network. DDS relies on a multicast mechanism in discovering DDS participants. Due to the features of multicast, DDS has limited discovery range and excessive network traffic. It also wastes of memory space of DDS nodes to keep information of discovered but not communicating participants. Topic Naming Service (TNS) is proposed in this paper in order to solve these problems. TNS maintains a Topic Name Space for managing relationships between endpoints. It selectively delivers discovery messages to appropriate local networks according to the relationship, instead of multicasting the message into the whole network. Through these mechanisms, TNS solves the range limitation of discovery and inefficient resource usage of DDS.
Translating Scientific Advancement into Clinical Benefit for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients (2011)

In the past 12 months, three novel therapeutics-sipuleucel-T, cabazitaxel, and abiraterone acetate-were granted Food and Drug Administration regulatory approval for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients based on phase III studies that showed a survival advantage. Other agents, including the novel antiandrogen MDV3100, are at an advanced stage of clinical phase III evaluation. The treatment paradigm for CRPC has now changed significantly, and this has introduced new challenges for physicians, including selecting patients for specific therapies, developing the best sequencing and combination regimens for the several new effective agents that have recently been approved or are in development, and dissecting mechanisms of resistance that will inform the development of a new generation of therapeutics. This Focus issue reviews the results obtained with immunotherapies, taxane cytotoxics, and androgen receptor targeting therapeutics for CRPC, as well as the postulated mechanisms of resistance to these protocols and proposed strategies for improvement. The use of biomarkers for patient selection, monitoring of treatment activity, and acceleration of drug approval will be critical for achieving further improvements in the treatment for CRPC, and is also discussed in detail.
Glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in relation to retinal function. (1981)

Measurements of lactate production and ATP concentration in superfused rat retinas were compared with extracellular photoreceptor potentials (Fast PIII). The effect of glucose concentration, oxygen tension, metabolic inhibition, and light were studied. Optimal conditions were achieved with 5-20 mM glucose and oxygen. The isolated retina had a high rate of lactate production and maintained the ATP content of a freshly excised retina, and Fast PIII potentials were similar to in vivo recordings. Small (less than 10%) decreases in aerobic and anaerobic lactate production were observed after illumination of dark-adapted retinas. There were no significant differences in ATP content in dark- and light-adapted retinas. In glucose-free medium, lactate production ceased, and the amplitude of Fast PIII and the level of ATP declined, but the rates of decline were slower in oxygen than in nitrogen. ATP levels were reduced and the amplitude of Fast PIII decreased when respiration was inhibited, and these changes were dependent on glucose concentration. Neither glycolysis alone nor Krebs cycle activity alone maintained the superfused rat retina at an optimal level. Retinal lactate production and utilization of ATP were inhibited by ouabain. Mannose but not galactose or fructose produced lactate and maintained ATP content and Fast PIII. Iodoacetate blocked lactate production and Fast PIII and depleted the retina of ATP. Pyruvate, lactate, and glutamine maintained ATP content and Fast PIII reasonably well (greater than 50%) in the absence of glucose, even in the presence of iodoacetate. addition of glucose, mannose, or 2-deoxyglucose to medium containing pyruvate and iodoacetate abolished Fast PIII and depleted the retina of its ATP. It is suggested that the deleterious effects of these three sugars depend upon their cellular uptake and phosphorylation during the blockade of glycolysis by iodoacetate.
EmotionSense (2010)

Today's mobile phones represent a rich and powerful computing platform, given their sensing, processing and communication capabilities. Phones are also part of the everyday life of billions of people, and therefore represent an exceptionally suitable tool for conducting social and psychological experiments in an unobtrusive way.
A Trajectory Based Method of Automatic Counting of Cyclist in Traffic Video Data (2017)

Due to the growing number of cyclist accidents on urban roads, methods for collecting information on cyclists are of significant importance to the Department of Transportation. The collected information provides insights into solving critical problems related to transportation planning, implementing safety countermeasures, and managing traffic flow efficiently. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) employs automated tools to collect traffic information from traffic video data. One of the important factors that influence cyclists safety is their counts. In comparison to other road users, such as cars and pedestrians, the automated cyclist data collection is relatively a new research area. In this work, we develop a vision-based method for gathering cyclist count data at intersections and road segments. We implement a robust cyclist detection method based on a combination of classification features. We implement a multi-object tracking method based on the Kernelized Correlation Filters (KCF) in cooperation with the bipartite graph matching algorithm to track multiple cyclists. Then, a trajectory rebuilding method and a trajectory comparison model are applied to refine the accuracy of tracking and counting. The proposed method is the first cyclist counting method, that has the ability to count cyclists under different movement patterns. The trajectory data obtained can be further utilized for cyclist behavioral modeling and safety analysis.
Absolute and Comparative Subcutaneous Bioavailability of Ardeparin Sodium, a Low Molecular Weight Heparin (1997)

Ardeparin sodium (Normiflo, Wyeth-Ayerst) is a low molecular weight heparin undergoing clinical evaluation as an antithrombotic agent. The objective of this study was to evaluate the absolute and comparative bioavailability of ardeparin following subcutaneous administration of three different formulations [two formulations of ardeparin at 10,000 anti-factor Xa (aXa) U/ml, but with different preservatives, and a 20,000 aXa U/ml formulation]. The study was conducted using a randomized 4-period crossover design (three subcutaneous treatments and one intravenous treatment) in 24 healthy subjects, and the pharmacokinetics of ardeparin were characterized by plasma anti-factor IIa (aIIa) and anti-factor Xa (aXa) activities. The mean absolute bioavailability of ardeparin based on aIIa activity ranged from 62% to 64% and the mean absolute bioavailability based on aXa activity ranged from 88% to 97%. Based on bioequivalence testing criteria, the three ardeparin formulations were bioequivalent.
New age water chillers with water as refrigerant (1998)

Vacuum-process technology producing chilled water needs no refrigerant of the conventional kind, but water from the process itself is used to generate cooling. This eye-catching novelty incorporates many of the considerations about the future of refrigerants: "ozone friendly", no extra demands for safety measures or for skilful operators, no special requirements concerning the installation's components, lower maintenance costs since leakages can be accommodated from the system. Vacuum-process technology may be used not only for production of chilled water but also for Binary Ice - pumpable suspension of minute ice crystals in an aqueous solution. This means that all the advantages related to a latent heat system may become available.
Studies on the Biosynthesis of Microsomal Membrane Proteins (1982)

The site of synthesis and mechanism of insertion into membranes of several microsomal polypeptides was studied using translation system programmed in vitro with polysomes or with mRNA extracted from free and membrane‐bound rat liver polysomes. Primary translation products of cytochrome b 5 , NADH: cytochrome b 5 oxidoreductase, NADPH: cytochrome P‐450 oxidoreductase and epoxide hydrolase were isolated by specific immunoprecipitation and compared with the mature proteins. The following observations were made: While cytochrome b 5 and NADH: cytochrome b 5 oxidoreductase are synthesized in free polysomes, NADPH: cytochrome P‐450 oxidoreductase and epoxide hydrolase are made in membrane‐bound polysomes. In all cases the radioactively labelled products synthesized in vitro comigrated with the purified native polypeptides. Since these proteins are not glycoproteins, it can be inferred that in vivo they do not undergo proteolytic cleavage during or after translation. Levels of translatable mRNA coding for NADPH: cytochrome P‐450 oxidoreductase or epoxide hydrolase were increased by phenobarbital or by various carcinogens respectively. A comparison of amino‐terminal segments of the native epoxide hydrolase and that synthesized in vitro showed that this protein retains an amino‐terminal polypeptide sequence which resembles the transient insertion signal found in presecretory proteins. The amino‐terminal region of NADPH: cytochrome P‐450 oxidoreductase contains 7 leucine residues in its first 15 amino acids and can, therefore, be presumed to be the hydrophobic portion which anchors this poly‐ peptide to the membrane. Mechanisms which may account for the spatial disposition of the membrane proteins and for their selective accumulation in endoplasmic reticulum membranes are discussed.
InfoSleuth (1997)

The goal of the InfoSleuth project at MCC is to exploit and synthesize new technologies into a unified system that retrieves and processes information in an ever-changing network of information sources. InfoSleuth has its roots in the Carnot project at MCC, which specialized in integrating heterogeneous information bases. However, recent emerging technologies such as internetworking and the World Wide Web have significantly expanded the types, availability, and volume of data available to an information management system. Furthermore, in these new environments, there is no formal control over the registration of new information sources, and applications tend to be developed without complete knowledge of the resources that will be available when they are run. Federated database projects such as Carnot that do static data integration do not scale up and do not cope well with this ever-changing environment. On the other hand, recent Web technologies, based on keyword search engines, are scalable but, unlike federated databases, are incapable of accessing information based on concepts. In this experience paper, we describe the architecture, design, and implementation of a working version of InfoSleuth. We show how InfoSleuth integrates new technological developments such as agent technology, domain ontologies, brokerage, and internet computing, in support of mediated interoperation of data and services in a dynamic and open environment. We demonstrate the use of information brokering and domain ontologies as key elements for scalability.
Tissue distribution of mRNAs encoding muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes (1988)

The tissue distribution of the mRNAs encoding muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) I, II, III and IV has been investigated by blot hybridization analysis with specific probes. This study indicates that exocrine glands contain both mAChR I and III mRNAs, whereas smooth muscles contain both mAChR II and III mRNAs. All four mAChR mRNAs are present in cerebrum, whereas only mAChR II mRNA is found in heart.