gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological studies of the Australian predatory mite <i>Typhlodromips montdorensis</i> (Schicha) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a potential biocontrol agent for western flower thrips, <i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i> (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) (2003)

Abstract The biology of the Australian phytoseiid mite Typhlodromips montdorensis is described from material collected in Queensland and South Australia in 1994−1996. At 25°C, when fed on cumbungi ( Typha sp.) pollen, the life cycle was completed in approximately 7 days, with an intrinsic rate of natural increase ( r m ) of 0.32. Female−male pairs produced a mean total of 52.7 eggs within 28 days of oviposition. Females that were deprived of males after first mating stopped laying eggs after 7−19 days; however, if another male was added, they resumed egg laying and produced, on average, a total of 49.4 eggs. The sex ratio was 2.24 females to one male. At 25°C, fecundity on a diet of thrips larvae (first‐instar Frankliniella schultzei Trybom) was high, ranging from 2.72 to 3.58 eggs per day on the third day, depending on previous diet. Consumption rate of thrips was also high, with an average of 7.23−14.44 first‐instar larvae eaten per day on the third day, depending again on previous diet and also on number of thrips larvae made available. The species was also observed to feed on: (i) broad mite, Polyphago­tarsonemus latus (Banks); (ii) tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee); and (iii) two‐spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. No diapause was observed under conditions of 25°C, 8 h light and 10°C, 16 h dark. Eggs were sensitive to low humidity, with 50% failing to hatch below 70.8% relative humidity. This species is of interest as a candidate biological control agent for thrips, broad mite and tomato russet mite in protected crops.
Phosphorylated aminosugars; synthesis, properties, and reactivity in enzymic reactions (1991)

A number of phosphorylated aminosugars have been prepared and tested as substrates for metabolic reactions. 6-Aminoglucose is a slow substrate for yeast hexokinase with a Vmax that is only 0.012% that for glucose. While Vmax is pH independent, V/K decreases below the pK of 9.0 of the amino group. 6-Aminoglucose is a competitive inhibitor vs glucose with a Ki value increasing below the pK of 9 but leveling off at 33 mM below pH 7.16. Thus, protonation decreases binding affinity by 2.4 kcal/mol and only the neutral amine is catalytically competent. 6-Aminoglucose-6-P was synthesized enzymatically with hexokinase. Its pK's determined by 31P NMR were 2.46 and 8.02 (alpha anomer) and 2.34 and 7.85 (beta anomer), with a beta:alpha ratio of 3.0. It is most stable at pH 12 (half-life 228 h at 22 degrees C), while as a monoanion its half-life is 3 h. The free energy of hydrolysis at 25 degrees C and pH 9.25 is -10.3 kcal/mol. The phosphorylated amino analogues of 6-P-gluconate, ribulose-5-P, fructose-6-P, fructose-1,6-bis-P (amino group at C-6 only), and glyceraldehyde-3-P were synthesized enzymatically. The 31P NMR chemical shifts of these analogues are 8-8.5 ppm at pH 9.5. Their relative stability is 6-aminogluconate-6-P greater than 3-aminoglyceraldehyde-3-P greater than 6-aminoglucose-6-P greater than 6-aminofructose-1,6-bis-P congruent to 6-aminofructose-6-P greater than 5-aminoribulose-5-P. These analogues were tested as substrates for their respective enzymes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Implementation of a PLL-based high frequency resonant ac power supply (2008)

A growing demand for size reduction of power systems has stimulated substantial development and research efforts in high power density power supplies. To achieve high power density converters, it is required that they operate at high switching frequencies. This paper presents a high frequency resonant AC power supply with frequency tracking control by using phase-locked loop (PLL) techniques. Based on the PLL control method, the resonant inverter can be guaranteed to provide a stable operation characteristic in spite of sensitive load parameters variation as well as power regulation. The detailed control circuit and the operation principle of resonant AC power supply are analyzed and verified experimentally.
Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content and keratins by using CK7, CK8, CK18, CK19, and KL1 monoclonal antibodies in benign and malignant human breast tumors (1990)

We have used a double-labelling flow cytometry analysis of keratin (CK) and DNA in breast cancer. Five monoclonal anti-keratin antibodies were tested: KL1 recognizing Mr 55,000-57,000 keratins, and "anti-glandular epithelia," LE41, RGE-53, and LP2K specific for CK n. 7, 8, 18, and 19 of Moll's classification, respectively. Flow cytometric (DNA-CK) analysis was performed on 10 benign and 19 malignant human breast tumors. All the benign tumors were diploid and 63% of the malignant tumors were aneuploid. This technique permits the analysis of DNA in the epithelial fraction alone. In aneuploid tumors, gating the DNA-keratin-positive population allowed accurate DNA analysis without interference due to debris background and non-epithelial cells. Moreover, double-labelling using the CK19 antibody gave a better identification of near-diploid tumors. An enhancement of keratin expression in malignant tumors was observed with CK 19 (P less than 0.001), KL1 (P less than 0.01), CK 8 (P less than 0.05), and CK18 (n.s.) compared to benign tumors. The comparison of keratin expression in aneuploid and diploid malignant tumors revealed reduced CK8, CK18, and CK19 in the former.
A new, convenient, and sterospecific method for the conversion of secondary amines to primary amines and olefins. Thermal decomposition of magnesium, zinc, and aluminum amides (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new, convenient, and sterospecific method for the conversion of secondary amines to primary amines and olefins. Thermal decomposition of magnesium, zinc, and aluminum amidesE. C. Ashby and G. Fred WillardCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 25, 4750–4758Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00419a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00419a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views499Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of transition metal electronegativity on the oxygen storage capacity of perovskite oxides (2016)

The selection of highly efficient oxygen carriers (OCs) is a key step necessary for the practical development of chemical looping combustion (CLC). In this study, a series of ABO3 perovskites, where A = La, Ba, Sr, Ca and B = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, are synthesized and tested in a fixed bed reactor for reactivity and stability as OCs with CH4 as the fuel. We find that the electronegativity of the transition metal on the B-site (λB), is a convenient descriptor for oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of our perovskite samples. By plotting OSC for total methane oxidation against λB, we observe an inverted volcano plot relationship. These results could provide useful guidelines for perovskite OC design and their other energy related applications.
Optimizing Spaced <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex></formula>-mer Neighbors for Efficient Filtration in Protein Similarity Search (2014)

Large-scale comparison or similarity search of genomic DNA and protein sequence is of fundamental importance in modern molecular biology. To perform DNA and protein sequence similarity search efficiently, seeding (or filtration) method has been widely used where only sequences sharing a common pattern or "seed" are subject to detailed comparison. Therefore these methods trade search sensitivity with search speed. In this paper, we introduce a new seeding method, called spaced k-mer neighbors, which provides a better tradeoff between the sensitivity and speed in protein sequence similarity search. With the method of spaced k-mer neighbors, for each spaced k-mer, a set of spaced k-mers is selected as its neighbors. These pre-selected spaced k-mer neighbors are then used to detect hits between query sequence and database sequences. We propose an efficient heuristic algorithm for the spaced neighbor selection. Our computational experimental results demonstrate that the method of spaced k-mer neighbors can improve the overall tradeoff efficiency over existing seeding methods.
Utilization of D-asparagine by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1976)

Yeast strains sigma1278b and Harden and Young, which synthesize only an internal constitutive form of L-asparaginase, do not grow on D-asparagine, as a sole source of nitrogen, and whole cell suspensions of these strains do not hydrolyze D-asparagine. Strains X2180-A2 and D273-10B, which possess an externally active form of asparaginase, are able to grow slowly on D-asparagine, and nitrogen-starved suspensions of these strains exhibit high activity toward the D-isomer. Nitrogen starvation of strain X218O-A2 results in coordinate increase of D- and L-asparaginase activity; the specific activity observed for the D-isomer is approximately 20% greater than that observed for the L-isomer. It was observed, in studies with cell extracts, that hydrolysis of D-asparagine occurred only with extracts from nitrogen-starved cells of strains that synthesize the external form of asparaginase. Furthermore, the activity of the extracts toward the D-isomer was always higher than that observed with the L-isomer. A 400-fold purified preparation of external asparaginase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae X218U-A2 hydrolyzed D-asparagine with an apparent Km of 0.23 mM and a Vmax of 38.7 mumol/min per mg of protein. D-Asparagine was a competitive inhibitor of L-asparagine hydrolysis and the Ki determined for this inhibition was approximately equal to its Km. These data suggest that D-asparagine is a good substrate for the external yeast asparaginase but is a poor substrate for the internal enzyme.
Aerodynamic Optimization of an Over‐the‐Wing‐Nacelle‐Mount Configuration (2011)

An over‐the‐wing‐nacelle‐mount airplane configuration is known to prevent the noise propagation from jet engines toward ground. However, the configuration is assumed to have low aerodynamic efficiency due to the aerodynamic interference effect between a wing and a nacelle. In this paper, aerodynamic design optimization is conducted to improve aerodynamic efficiency to be equivalent to conventional under‐the‐wing‐nacelle‐mount configuration. The nacelle and wing geometry are modified to achieve high lift‐to‐drag ratio, and the optimal geometry is compared with a conventional configuration. Pylon shape is also modified to reduce aerodynamic interference effect. The final wing‐fuselage‐nacelle model is compared with the DLR F6 model to discuss the potential of Over‐the‐Wing‐Nacelle‐Mount geometry for an environmental‐friendly future aircraft.
Verification of a Method for Treating Neutron Space-Time Problems (1958)

An approximation method is proposed for calculating the detailed kinetic response of a reactor during a transient in which the space and time behaviors of the neutron flux are not separable. In order to test the validity of the method a particular transient is studied for a series of cores chosen so that the space-time behavior of the neutrons is nonseparable in varying degrees. A particularly simplified mathematical description of the neutrons allows an exact solution to be obtained and hence affords a means of verifying predictions of the approximation scheme. Agreement between exact and approximate calculations is encouragingly good.
Syntheses of 1β-Hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 (1989)

Abstract Reduction of 1-oxo-3,5-cyclovitamin D2 and D3 was carried out under various conditions. LiAlH4 reduction in ether preferentially afforded 1β-hydroxy-3,5-cyclovitamin D2 and D3, which were converted to 1β-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3.
Necroptosis Interfaces with MOMP and the MPTP in Mediating Cell Death (2015)

During apoptosis the pro-death Bcl-2 family members Bax and Bak induce mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) to mediate cell death. Recently, it was shown that Bax and Bak are also required for mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP)-dependent necrosis, where, in their non-oligomeric state, they enhance permeability characteristics of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Necroptosis is another form of regulated necrosis involving the death receptors and receptor interacting protein kinases (RIP proteins, by Ripk genes). Here, we show cells or mice deficient for Bax/Bak or cyclophilin D, a protein that regulates MPTP opening, are resistant to cell death induced by necroptotic mediators. We show that Bax/Bak oligomerization is required for necroptotic cell death and that this oligomerization reinforces MPTP opening. Mechanistically, we observe mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein and cofilin-1 translocation to the mitochondria following necroptosis induction, while expression of the mitochondrial matrix isoform of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member, myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), is significantly reduced. Some of these effects are lost with necroptosis inhibition in Bax/Bak1 double null, Ppif-/-, or Ripk3-/- fibroblasts. Hence, downstream mechanisms of cell death induced by necroptotic stimuli utilize both Bax/Bak to generate apoptotic pores in the outer mitochondrial membrane as well as MPTP opening in association with known mitochondrial death modifying proteins.
EFFECT OF PLASMA TREATMENT ON CORROSION RESISTANCE OF AMORPHOUS Ni-BASED ALLOY COATINGS (1998)

The effect of microwave plasma treatment on corrosion resistance of Ni-base amorphous alloy coatings (Ni-W, Ni-W-B, Ni-Mo-P) was investigated. It was found that the treatment improved their corrosion resistance in H2SO4, HNO3, HC1 solutions. The microwave plasma treated ammorphous Ni-W composite coatings (with 5wt% ZrO2 or Al2O3 particles) exhibited higher oxidation resistance during the heating at 700℃ for l-28h. As anodic polarization curve indicated, the microwave plasma treated amorphous Ni-W composite coating had wider passivity potential range. The corrosion resistance of Ni-base amorphous alloy coating was dependent on the power and time of microwave plasma treatment.
The vitamin craze. (1980)

There would be no controversy about the role of vitamin use in health and disease if all health professionals and those whose commentary on health matters is addressed to the public adhered to facts rather than promoting sensational anecdotes alleging efficacy, and if they heeded the axiom that, in matters of health, no substance is safe until proved safe, or effective until proved effective. 1-4 Thousands of people have been misled by deceptive information from nutritionists whose credentials and anecdotal claims fall apart under close scrutiny. 2-5 Among the code phrases often used to promote nutritional remedies of unproven safety and efficacy are orthomolecular nutrition, ecologic nutrition, and nutritional, metabolic, holistic, unconventional, alternative, unorthodox, and nontoxic therapy. 2,3,6 LAETRILE AND PANGAMIC ACID The most egregious, specious use of the code phrases of nutrition cultism is in connection with the lucrative sales of the noxious chemical substances pangamic acid and
Changes in Biochemical Composition of the Cell Wall of the Cotton Fiber During Development (1977)

The composition of the cell wall of the cotton fiber (Gossypium hirsutum L. Acala SJ-1) has been studied from the early stages of elongation (5 days postanthesis) through the period of secondary wall formation, using cell walls derived both from fibers developing on the plant and from fibers obtained from excised, cultured ovules. The cell wall of the elongating cotton fiber was shown to be a dynamic structure. Expressed as a weight per cent of the total cell wall, cellulose, neutral sugars (rhamnose, fucose, arabinose, mannose, galactose, and noncellulosic glucose), uronic acids, and total protein undergo marked changes in content during the elongation period. As a way of analyzing absolute changes in the walls with time, data have also been expressed as grams component per millimeter of fiber length. Expressed in this way for plant-grown fibers, the data show that the thickness of the cell wall is relatively constant until about 12 days postanthesis; after this time it markedly increases until secondary wall cellulose deposition is completed. Between 12 and 16 days postanthesis increases in all components contribute to total wall increase per millimeter fiber length. The deposition of secondary wall cellulose begins at about 16 days postanthesis (at least 5 days prior to the cessation of elongation) and continues until about 32 days postanthesis. At the time of the onset of secondary wall cellulose deposition, a sharp decline in protein and uronic acid content occurs. The content of some of the individual neutral sugars changes during development, the most prominent change being a large increase in noncellulosic glucose which occurs just prior to the onset of secondary wall cellulose deposition. Methylation analyses indicate that this glucose, at least in part, is 3-linked. In contrast to the neutral sugars, no significant changes in cell wall amino acid composition are observed during fiber development.Compositional analyses of cell walls derived from culture-grown fibers indicate that these walls are remarkably similar to those derived from fibers grown on the plant, both in terms of composition and in terms of relative changes in composition during development.A comparison of our results on total cell wall composition and linkages of sugars as determined by a preliminary methylation analysis of unfractionated fiber walls indicates that the primary cell wall of cotton fibers is similar to that of primary cell walls of other dicotyledons and of gymnosperms as reported in the literature.
Electrodeposited Co-Ni alloys for MEMS (2002)

The electrodeposition process has been studied and optimized in order to obtain homogeneous Co-Ni deposits on Si/SiO2/Ti/Ni substrates. The electrochemical and magnetic characterization of the deposited layers shows the features of a soft magnetic material, i.e. high saturation magnetization (1.2 T) and low coercivity, which may be varied as a function of the electrodeposition parameters. Good adherence, brilliant aspect, smooth surfaces and a constant deposition rate have been obtained in all the processed samples. The compatibility of the Co-Ni plating process with the main microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication techniques, surface and bulk, has been evaluated and these results widely demonstrate the versatility of this magnetic layer in MEMS production. Due to the high selectivity and homogeneity of the deposition process, it has been possible to pattern the deposits with a definition down to 3 μm and an aspect ratio of 4.6 has been achieved. A novel method to liberate the patterned structures by sacrificial etching of the seed layer has been developed. Uniform and homogeneous deposits of Co-Ni alloy have also been obtained in devices fabricated by bulk technologies. For these devices an anisotropic wet etching procedure in tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) has been optimized to release the magnetic layer. Low stressed free-standing structures have been obtained by both surface and bulk methods and are presented in this paper.
Core fucosylation of high-mannose-type oligosaccharides in GlcNAc transferase I-deficient (Lec1) CHO cells (1994)

During studies on the fucosylation of endogenous proteins in parental (Pro5) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase I-deficient (Lec1) Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, we observed that Lec1 cells incorporate approximately 10-fold less [3H]fucose into macromolecules than Pro5 cells. Interestingly, most of the labelled oligosaccharides from both cell types could be released from the macromolecules by digestion with peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase F). This was unexpected for Lec1 cells because they do not synthesize complex- or hybrid-type N-glycans. Structural analyses of the fucosylated oligosaccharides from Lec1 cells showed the fucose to be in an alpha 1,6 linkage to the core GlcNAc of relatively small oligomannose N-glycans (Man4GlcNAc2 and Man5GlcNAc2, where Man is D-mannose). Comparing the sizes of oligomannose N-glycans from Pro5 and Lec1 cells demonstrated a much higher proportion of the small (Man4GlcNAc2 and Man5GlcNAc2) oligomannose species in Lec1 cells. These results suggest that the core alpha 1,6 fucosyltransferase will fucosylate small (Man4-Man5GlcNAc2), but not large (Man8-Man9GlcNAc2) oligomannose N-glycans.
Molecular dissection of influenza virus nucleoprotein: deletion mapping of the RNA binding domain (1994)

Influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) is associated with the genome RNA, forming ribonucleoprotein cores. To identify the amino acid sequence involved in RNA binding, we performed Northwestern blot analysis with a set of N- and C-terminal deletion mutants of NP produced in Escherichia coli. The RNA binding region has been mapped between amino acid residues 91 and 188, a stretch of residues that contains a sequence that is not only highly conserved among NPs from A-, B-, and C-type influenza viruses but also similar to the RNA binding domain of a plant virus movement protein.
Human monoclonal antibodies with different fine specificity for digoxin derivatives: cloning of heavy and light chain variable region sequences. (1991)

Human-mouse hybridoma cell lines producing human monoclonal antibodies against the cardiac glycoside digoxin were established after in vitro immunization or direct immortalization of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with digoxin. Three antibodies, designated MO6, LH92 and LH1114, displayed different patterns of fine specificity against digoxin and several digoxin analogues, as elucidated by inhibition ELISA. All three monoclonal antibodies had mu heavy chains, two of them (MO6 and LH114) had kappa light chains and one (LH92) lambda light chains. DNA encoding the variable regions of both heavy and light chains of the three antibodies were amplified from cDNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The nucleotide sequences of the amplified DNA were determined after subcloning of PCR fragments in M13 vectors. The deduced amino acid sequences revealed considerable sequence differences in the complementarity determining regions between the three antibodies.
Issues and Prospects of microRNA-Based Biomarkers in Blood and Other Body Fluids (2014)

Cell-free circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the blood are good diagnostic biomarker candidates for various physiopathological conditions, including cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes and other diseases. Since their discovery in 2008 as blood biomarkers, the field has expanded rapidly with a number of important findings. Despite the initial optimistic views of their potential for clinical application, there are currently no circulating miRNA-based diagnostics in use. In this article, we review the status of circulating miRNAs, examine different analytical approaches, and address some of the challenges and opportunities.