gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of CD2 and CD3 in galectin-1 induced signaling in human Jurkat T-cells (2000)

Galectin-1 (gal-1) a member of the mammalian beta-galactoside-binding proteins recognizes preferentially Galbeta1-4GlcNAc sequences of oligosaccharides associated with several cell surface glycoconjugates. In the present work, gal-1 has been identified to be a ligand for the CD3-complex as well as for CD2 as detected by affinity chromatography of Jurkat T-cell lysates on gal-1 agarose and by binding of the biotinylated lectin to CD3 and CD2 immunoprecipitates on blots. In CD45(+)Jurkat E6.1 cells, the lectin stimulates a sustained increase in the intracytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) consisting of both the release of calcium from intracellular stores and the calcium influx from the extracellular space. This effect of gal-1 on [Ca(2+)](i)is completely inhibited by lactose at 10 mM and was absent in CD45(-)Jurkat J45.01 cells. Preincubation of Jurkat E6.1 cells with cholera toxin or with the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A reduced the gal-1 induced calcium response whereas the increase in [Ca(2+)](i)stimulated by CD2 or CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was completely inhibited. Depolarization of E6.1 cells in a high-potassium buffer, a standard method to activate voltage-operated calcium channels, was without effect on [Ca(2+)](i). Membrane depolarization with gramicidin or by a high-potassium buffer was without effects on the lectin-mediated calcium release from intracellular stores but inhibited the gal-1 induced receptor-operated calcium influx. In Jurkat E6.1 cells the lectin stimulates the transient generation of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and the tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase Cgamma1. The results suggest that the ligation of CD2 and CD3 by gal-1 induces early events in T-cell activation comparable with that elicited by CD2 or CD3 mAbs.
Neutral pH aqueous redox flow batteries using an anthraquinone-ferrocyanide redox couple (2020)

Anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonic acid (2,7-AQDS) and ferrocyanide including potassium and sodium salts are used as a redox couple for neutral aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs).
Effect of Cl− and Br− Ions and pH on the Flatband Potentials of Silver Halide Sheet Crystal Electrodes (1980)

Abstract Flatband potential (Efb), which coincides with the Fermi level in energy, was determined for AgCl and AgBr electrodes by electrochemical measurement of the capacitance of the space charge layer of a semiconductor in contact with a solution. The values of Efb for both AgCl and AgBr electrodes in an electrolyte solution were −4.8 V vs. vacuum. The energy levels of the electrodes could be determined from this value. The behavior of the AgCl electrode is somewhat like an n-type semiconductor, and that of the AgBr electrode very much like an intrinsic semiconductor. The Efb values for the AgCl and AgBr electrodes change cathodically in electrolyte solutions with Cl− and Br− ions, respectively, but not with H+ or OH− ions. This seems to be associated with the Ag+ ion effect in spectral sensitization. It is concluded that the Ag+ ion effect arises from a downward shift of the band edge of silver halides.
Field distribution in an electrospray ionization source determined by finite element method (2009)

Three-dimensional computer models of electrospray ionization sources were constructed in COMSOL Multiphysics to solve the static electric fields using finite element methods. The magnitude of the electric field strength for onset of electrospray and optimum signal was calculated under various conditions. The modification of the electric field distribution in the ion source by an atmospheric pressure ion lens was also investigated by plotting the equipotential surfaces, electric field lines and trajectories of charged droplets. Both the calculated and the experimental results demonstrate that the changes in the ion signal detected by the mass spectrometer are attributable to the focusing effect of the ion lens when appropriate voltages are applied on the sprayer and ion lens. The optimum signal was found by setting the sprayer voltage from 3000 to 5000 V while scanning the ion lens voltage. The calculated strengths of the electric field at the sprayer tip for optimum signals are similar although the applied voltages at the sprayer and ion lens are significantly different.
Identification of medically important pathogenic fungi by reference strand-mediated conformational analysis (RSCA) (2002)

This report describes the application of reference strand-mediated conformational analysis (RSCA), a novel DNA typing technique, for the identification of clinically significant fungal pathogens. RSCA is a heteroduplex-based conformational method which relies on detecting differences in the DNA conformation of heteroduplexes generated in this study by the annealing of different fungal 18S rRNA amplicons to a common fluorescent-labelled reference (FLR). These heteroduplexes are then observed with laser-based instrumentation and computer software to detect differences in the DNA conformation reproducibly. This technique was shown to generate unique and reproducible profiles for the 18S rRNA gene sequences of a number of medically important fungi, distinguishing different Candida species (C. albicans, C. kefyr, C. dubliniensis, C. lusitaniae, C. guilliermondii, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. sake and C. parapsilosis), and in some cases detecting single nucleotide differences between 18S rRNA sequences. The RSCA technique was further evaluated with 50 human clinical isolates of Candida spp., previously identified by culture techniques, and was shown to identify the isolates correctly. This technique displays enormous potential as an alternative to DNA sequence determination and has the potential to become an automated technique that can be implemented in the routine setting.
The partitioning - and rule-based filter for noise detection (2005)

The problem of poor data quality is prevalent across multiple domains. A quantitative presence of noise in a given dataset is often reflective of the quality of the data. Data noise is generally categorized into two groups: mislabeling errors (class noise) and attribute noise. In the literature, noise detection techniques such as ensemble filter, partitioning filter, data polishing etc. have been proposed. However, several of these techniques lack adequate noise detection accuracy. In addition, they simply filter instances as noisy without providing a relative sense of noise among those instances. A novel approach for noise detection - partitioning- and rule-based filter is proposed. The approach functions by aggregating four unique mechanisms to achieve high-accuracy in noise detection and to provide a relative noise-based ranking of instances. These mechanisms include: repeated data partitioning, inclusive evaluation, un-weighted voting, and dual-two-class-classifiers. The proposed approach is evaluated using datasets obtained from the UCI data repository. Empirical studies with simulated (artificial) noise injected into clean or benchmark datasets demonstrate the excellent noise detection performance - in many cases, a perfect or near-perfect performance is observed. In addition, the proposed approach depicted significantly better noise detection rates in detecting class noise than a proven existing approach, partitioning filter.
Rational Synthesis of Ultrathin n-Type Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> Nanowires with Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties (2011)

A rational yet scalable solution phase method has been established, for the first time, to obtain n-type Bi(2)Te(3) ultrathin nanowires with an average diameter of 8 nm in high yield (up to 93%). Thermoelectric properties of bulk pellets fabricated by compressing the nanowire powder through spark plasma sintering have been investigated. Compared to the current commercial n-type Bi(2)Te(3)-based bulk materials, our nanowire devices exhibit an enhanced ZT of 0.96 peaked at 380 K due to a significant reduction of thermal conductivity derived from phonon scattering at the nanoscale interfaces in the bulk pellets, which corresponds to a 13% enhancement compared to that of the best n-type commercial Bi(2)Te(2.7)Se(0.3) single crystals (~0.85) and is comparable to the best reported result of n-type Bi(2)Te(2.7)Se(0.3) sample (ZT = 1.04) fabricated by the hot pressing of ball-milled powder. The uniformity and high yield of the nanowires provide a promising route to make significant contributions to the manufacture of nanotechnology-based thermoelectric power generation and solid-state cooling devices with superior performance in a reliable and a reproducible way.
Wortmannin blocks lipid and protein kinase activities associated with PI 3-kinase and inhibits a subset of responses induced by Fc epsilon R1 cross-linking. (1995)

We have investigated the effects of wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), on antigen-mediated signaling in the RBL-2H3 mast cell model. In RBL-2H3 cells, the cross-linking of high affinity IgE receptors (Fc epsilon R1) activates at least two cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases, Lyn and Syk, and stimulates secretion, membrane ruffling, spreading, pinocytosis, and the formation of actin plaques implicated in increased cell-substrate adhesion. In addition, Fc epsilon R1 cross-linking activates PI 3-kinase. It was previously shown that wortmannin causes a dose-dependent inhibition of PI 3-kinase activity and also inhibits antigen-stimulated degranulation. We report that the antigen-induced synthesis of inositol(1,4,5)P3 is also markedly inhibited by wortmannin. Consistent with evidence in other cell systems implicating phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)P3 in ruffling, pretreatment of RBL-2H3 cells with wortmannin inhibits membrane ruffling and fluid pinocytosis in response to Fc epsilon R1 cross-linking. However, wortmannin does not inhibit antigen-induced actin polymerization, receptor internalization, or the actin-dependent processes of spreading and adhesion plaque formation that follow antigen stimulation in adherent cells. Wortmannin also fails to inhibit either of the Fc epsilon R1-coupled tyrosine kinases, Lyn or Syk, or the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase as measured by in vitro kinase assays. Strikingly, there is substantial in vitro serine/threonine kinase activity in immunoprecipitates prepared from Fc epsilon R1-activated cells using antisera to the p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase. This activity is inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with wortmannin or by the direct addition of wortmannin to the kinase assay, suggesting that PI 3-kinase itself is capable of acting as a protein kinase. We conclude that Fc epsilon R1 cross-linking activates both lipid and protein kinase activities of PI 3-kinase and that inhibiting these activities with wortmannin results in the selective block of a subset of Fc epsilon R1-mediated signaling responses.
Design of an Extended Architecture for Sharing DLNA Compliant Home Media from Outside the Home (2007)

This paper proposes an extended DLNA media sharing architecture as a methodology to provide services for accessing and sharing various media contents distributed over DLNA-capable devices, via not only a home network but also the Internet. The proposed architecture helps users search and view media contents distributed in the DLNA-networked home from public IP networks. Our architecture uses the SIP in order to transmit messages of information exchange between DLNA-capable devices within and outside of the home and to support secure user-authentication. The proposed system was implemented on a home server that acts as a gateway for establishing connections between the home network and external networks.
Structures of olivanic acid derivatives MM22380, MM22381, MM22382 and MM22383; Four new antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces olivaceus. (1979)

3) of the olivanic acid2) derivatives MM 13902 (1), MM 4550 (2) and MM 17880 (3).
A comparison of omeprazole and ranitidine for prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis in emergency Caesarean section (1992)

One hundred and sixty-two Chinese women undergoing emergency Caesarean section were allocated at random on admission to the labour ward to receive one of three regimens for orally administered chemoprophylaxis against acid aspiration: ranitidine 150 mg 6 hourly with sodium citrate at induction of anaesthesia, omeprazole 40 mg 12 hourly with sodium citrate, or omeprazole 40 mg 12 hourly alone. Intragastric pH and volume were measured immediately after induction of anaesthesia. Ten patients (17%) in the omeprazole-only group, three (6%) in the omeprazole and citrate group and one (2%) in the ranitidine group had an intragastric pH less than 2.5 and volume greater than 25 ml (p less than 0.05). The use of sodium citrate resulted in higher intragastric pH but larger intragastric volumes (p less than 0.05). The sodium citrate and ranitidine regimen was the most cost-effective among the three.
Internal Characterization of Fiber Bragg Gratings (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Miguel A. Muriel and Alejandro Carballar, "Internal Characterization of Fiber Bragg Gratings," Optics & Photonics News 10(12), 15-16 (1999) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Identification and Analysis of the Balhimycin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster and Its Use for Manipulating Glycopeptide Biosynthesis in <i>Amycolatopsis mediterranei</i> DSM5908 (1999)

Seven complete genes and one incomplete gene for the biosynthesis of the glycopeptide antibiotic balhimycin were isolated from the producer, Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM5908, by a reverse-cloning approach and characterized. Using oligonucleotides derived from glycosyltransferase sequences, a 900-bp glycosyltransferase gene fragment was amplified and used to identify a DNA fragment of 9,882 bp. Of the identified open reading frames, three (oxyA to -C) showed significant sequence similarities to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and one (bhaA) showed similarities to halogenase, and the genes bgtfA to -C showed similarities to glycosyltransferases. Glycopeptide biosynthetic mutants were created by gene inactivation experiments eliminating oxygenase and glycosyltransferase functions. Inactivation of the oxygenase gene(s) resulted in a balhimycin mutant (SP1-1) which was not able to synthesize an antibiotically active compound. Structural analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, fragmentation studies, and amino acid analysis demonstrated that these oxygenases are involved in the coupling of the aromatic side chains of the unusual heptapeptide. Mutant strain HD1, created by inactivation of the glycosyltransferase gene bgtfB, produced at least four different compounds which were not glycosylated but still antibiotically active.
Cationic lipids destabilize lysosomal membrane in vitro (1997)

Addition of cationic lipids to plasmid DNA considerably increases the efficiency of transfection. The mechanism has not yet been elucidated. A possibility is that these compounds destabilize biological membranes (plasma, endosomal, lysosomal), facilitating the transfer of nucleic molecules through these membranes. We have investigated the problem by determining if a cationic lipid N-(1-(2,3-dioleoxy)propyl)-N,N,N,-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate (DOTAP, Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany) affects the integrity of rat liver lysosomal membrane. We have measured the latency of beta-galactosidase, a lysosomal enzyme, and found that incubation of lysosomes with low concentrations of DOTAP causes a striking increase in free activity of the hydrolase and even a release of the enzyme into the medium. This indicates that lysosomal membrane is deeply destabilized by the lipid. The phenomenon depends on pH, it is less pronounced at pH 5 than at pH 7.4. Anionic compounds, particularly anionic amphipathic lipids, can to some extent prevent this phenomenon. It can be observed with various cationic lipids. A possible explanation is that cationic liposomes interact with anionic lipids of lysosomal membrane, allowing a fusion between the lipid bilayers which results in a destabilization of the organelle membrane.
Ocular Tremor in Parkinson's Disease Is Due to Head Oscillation (2013)

The "ocular tremor" observed in patients with PD disease is a compensatory eye movement secondary to transmitted head tremor, in agreement with clinical wisdom that these patients do not report oscillopsia.
In Vitro Activities of MK-826 (L-749,345) against 363 Strains of Anaerobic Bacteria (2000)

The activity of MK-826 was compared to the activities of cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem against 363 gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes by using NCCLS procedures. At least 98% of the strains were susceptible to the carbapenems. All strains of Clostridium perfringens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus, and Sutterella wadsworthensis were susceptible to all agents tested.
Efficacy of Intermittent Combined RAF and MEK Inhibition in a Patient with Concurrent BRAF- and NRAS-Mutant Malignancies (2014)

Vemurafenib, a RAF inhibitor, extends survival in patients with BRAF(V600)-mutant melanoma but activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in RAS-mutant cells. In a patient with a BRAF(V600K)-mutant melanoma responding to vemurafenib, we observed accelerated progression of a previously unrecognized NRAS-mutant leukemia. We hypothesized that combining vemurafenib with a MAP-ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor would inhibit ERK activation in the melanoma and prevent ERK activation by vemurafenib in the leukemia, and thus suppress both malignancies. We demonstrate that intermittent administration of vemurafenib led to a near-complete remission of the melanoma, and the addition of the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib (GDC-0973) caused suppression of vemurafenib-induced leukemic proliferation and ERK activation. Antimelanoma and antileukemia responses have been maintained for nearly 20 months, as documented by serial measurements of tumor-derived DNA in plasma in addition to conventional radiographic and clinical assessments of response. These data support testing of intermittent ERK pathway inhibition in the therapy for both RAS-mutant leukemia and BRAF-mutant melanoma.
<b>The Oxymercuration of Olefins. I. A General Method for Determination of the Stereochemistry of Oxymercuration</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Oxymercuration of Olefins. I. A General Method for Determination of the Stereochemistry of OxymercurationT. G. Traylor and A. W. BakerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 18, 2746–2752Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00901a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00901a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views292Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Researching the impact of neutralisation techniques in ethical consumption in the UK context (2013)

The paper explores the discrepancy between attitude and behavioural intention in ethical consumption, focusing on the role of techniques of neutralisation. Drawing on findings of 251 respondents in the UK, results suggest despite positive attitude towards ethical consumption, consumers are also susceptible to the techniques of neutralisation. Hierarchical and moderated regression analyses reveal that inclusion of the neutralisation construct moderates the influences of attitudes on behavioural intention, and advances the model's predictive capacity. In spite of suggested positive attitude towards ethical consumption, real existing behaviour is frequently filtered through the techniques of neutralisation. The sample is restricted to in size and location, however the study clearly establishes techniques of neutralisation as a construct in the decision-making process, further warranting examination of each of the techniques. The study confirms validity of the addition of the neutralisation construct into the modified TPB model noted by Chatzidakis et al. (2007). It suggests improvement in predicting behavioural intention and shows the moderating effects the techniques of neutralisation have on constructs in the modified TPB model. The neutralisation construct is itself found to have a significant impact on moderating purchasing intention in ethical consumption.
THE MESOZOIC RADIATION OF EUKARYOTIC ALGAE: THE PORTABLE PLASTID HYPOTHESIS<sup>1</sup> (2003)

Although all chloroplasts appear to have been derived from a common ancestor, a major schism occurred early in the evolution of eukaryotic algae that gave rise to red and green photoautotrophic lineages. In Paleozoic and earlier times, the fossil record suggests that oceanic eukaryotic phytoplankton were dominated by the green (chl b ‐containing) algal line. However, following the end‐Permian extinction, a diverse group of eukaryotic phytoplankton evolved from secondary symbiotic associations in the red (chl c ‐containing) line and subsequently rose to ecological prominence. In the contemporary oceans, red eukaryotic phytoplankton taxa continue to dominate marine pelagic food webs, whereas the green line is relegated to comparatively minor ecological and biogeochemical roles. To help elucidate why the oceans are not dominated by green taxa, we analyzed and compared whole plastid genomes in both the red and green lineages. Our results suggest that whereas all algal plastids retain a core set of genes, red plastids retain a complementary set of genes that potentially confer more capacity to autonomously express proteins regulating oxygenic photosynthetic and energy transduction pathways. We hypothesize that specific gene losses in the primary endosymbiotic green plastid reduced its portability for subsequent symbiotic associations. This corollary of the plastid “enslavement” hypothesis may have limited subsequent evolutionary advances in the green lineage while simultaneously providing a competitive advantage to the red lineage.
Reduction of telomeric length and c-erbb-2 gene amplification in human breast cancer, fibroadenoma, and gynecomastia. Relationship to histologic grade and clinical parameters (1994)

These findings indicate that a shorter telomere length reflects growth advantage in breast cancer tissue, and telomeric reduction may promote cancer progression.