gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction of Human Myoglobin and H2O2 (2001)

The sequence of human myoglobin (Mb) is similar to that of other species except for a unique cysteine at position 110 (Cys(110)). Adding hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) to human Mb affords Trp(14)-peroxyl, Tyr(103)-phenoxyl, and Cys(110)-thiyl radicals and coupling of Cys(110)-thiyl radicals yields a homodimer through intermolecular disulfide bond formation (Witting, P. K., Douglas, D. J., and Mauk, A. G. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 20391-20398). Treating a solution of wild type Mb and H(2)O(2) with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) at DMPO:protein </= 10 mol/mol yields DMPO-Cys(110) adducts as determined by EPR. At DMPO:protein ratios (25-50 mol/mol), both DMPO-Tyr(103) and DMPO-Cys(110) adducts were detected, whereas at DMPO:protein >/= 100 mol/mol only DMPO-Tyr(103) radicals were present. The DMPO-dependent decrease in DMPO-Cys(110) was matched by a near 1:1 stoichiometric increase in DMPO-Tyr(103). In contrast, reaction of the Y103F human Mb with H(2)O(2) gave no DMPO-Cys(110) at DMPO:protein </= 10 mol/mol, and only trace DMPO-Cys(110) at DMPO:protein >/= 100 mol/mol (i.e. conditions that consistently gave DMPO-Tyr(103) in the case of wild type Mb). No detectable homodimer was formed by incubation of the Y103F variant with H(2)O(2). However, the homodimer was detected in a mixture of both the Y103F and C110A variants of human Mb upon treatment with H(2)O(2) (C110A:Y103F:H(2)O(2) 2:1:5 mol/mol/mol); the yield of this homodimer increased with increasing ratios of C110A:Y103F. Together, these data suggest that addition of H(2)O(2) to human Mb can produce Cys(110)-thiyl radicals through an intermolecular electron transfer reaction from Cys(110) to a Tyr(103)-phenoxyl radical.
Loss of erythropoietin responsiveness in erythroid progenitors due to expression of the Evi-1 myeloid-transforming gene. (1993)

Inappropriate expression of the Evi-1 zinc-finger gene in hematopoietic cells has been associated with acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes in murine models and in humans. Consistent with this, previous studies have shown that aberrant expression of the Evi-1 gene in a myeloid progenitor cell line blocks granulocytic differentiation. Here we demonstrate that the aberrant expression of the Evi-1 gene impairs the normal response of erythroid cells or bone-marrow progenitors to erythropoietin. Erythroid differentiation has been shown to require the GATA-1 transcription factor that binds to a sequence contained within the consensus binding sequence identified for Evi-1. In the studies presented here we also show that Evi-1 can repress GATA-1-dependent transactivation in transient chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays. Together the data support the hypothesis that inappropriate expression of the Evi-1 gene blocks erythropoiesis by repressing the transcription of a subset of GATA-1 target genes.
Genes involved in the synthesis of the exopolysaccharide methanolan by the obligate methylotroph Methylobacillus sp. strain 12S (2003)

Methylobacillus sp. strain 12S produces an exopolysaccharide (EPS), methanolan, composed of glucose, mannose and galactose. Twenty-four ORFs flanking a Tn5 insertion site in an EPS-deficient mutant were identified, and 21 genes (epsCBAKLDEFGHIJMNOPQRSTU) were predicted to participate in methanolan synthesis on the basis of the features of the primary sequence. Gene disruption analyses revealed that epsABCEFGIJNOP and epsR are required for methanolan synthesis, whereas epsKD and epsH are not essential. EpsFG and EpsE showed homology with Wzc (chain length regulator) and Wza (export protein) of group 1 capsule-producing Escherichia coli, suggesting that methanolan was synthesized via a Wzy-like biosynthesis system. This possibility was supported by the fact that the putative hydropathy profiles of EpsH and EpsM were similar to those of Wzx and Wzy, which are also involved in the flipping of the repeating unit in the cytoplasmic membrane and the polymerization of the capsule in the Wzy-dependent system. EpsBJNOP and EpsR are probably glycosyltransferases involved in the synthesis of the repeating unit onto the lipid carrier. In particular, EpsB appeared to catalyse the initial transfer of the glucose moiety. On the basis of their predicted location in the cells, it is proposed that EpsI and EpsL are involved in methanolan export to the cell surface. E. coli strains expressing EpsQ, EpsS and EpsT showed enhanced activities of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-galactose 4-epimerase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, respectively, revealing that they were responsible for the production of the activated compositional sugars of methanolan. EpsU contains a conserved a lytic transglycosylase motif, indicating that it could participate in the degradation of polysaccharides. EpsA and EpsK, which have conserved DNA-binding and cAMP-binding motifs, respectively, were deduced to be transcriptional regulators. In particular, EpsA seems to positively regulate the transcription of methanolan synthesis genes, since the constitutive expression of epsA in strain 12S increased the EPS production. Interestingly, EpsD showed homology with peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerases that catalyse the folding of proteins following translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane.
Multifrequency electrostatic force microscopy in the repulsive regime (2007)

Atomic force microscopy on polymer surfaces is commonly carried out in the repulsive amplitude modulation mode (tapping mode). In order to achieve an additional measurement of electrostatic quantities under ambient conditions a higher flexural eigenmode is used for electrical characterization of the surface during imaging. The higher eigenmode is resonantly excited by a small ac-bias voltage between tip and sample. Thus, topography and electric potential are measured simultaneously by this multifrequency electrostatic force microscopy method. However, the strong mechanical non-linearity of the repulsive tip–sample contact may induce a complex dynamics. To minimize possible cross-talk between topographic and electrostatic information, the oscillation amplitude of the eigenmode used for electrostatic characterization has to be kept much smaller than the amplitude of the eigenmode used for topographic imaging. Additionally, image data such as topography, mechanical phase and electrostatic information needs to be verified and possible interferences between the information channels have to be identified. The capabilities of this resonant multifrequency operation principle are demonstrated by characterizing charge patterns on a polymer electret. The resonant multifrequency technique is an extension to the conventional amplitude modulation mode and thus can be easily implemented in most atomic force microscopes.
Chinese Medicinal Herbs Reverse Macrophage Suppression Induced by Urological Tumors (1991)

Tumors are known to produce factors suppressing macrophage function. In this study we demonstrated in vitro suppression of macrophage chemiluminescent oxidative burst associated with viable cells and cell-free extracts of two urological neoplasms--murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca) and murine bladder tumor (MBT). Suppression was reversed by extracts of two Chinese medicinal herbs, Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Ligustrum lucidum (LL). Murine macrophage cell line J774 was incubated with either the viable tumor cells or the cell-free tumor extract for 18 hours at 37C and 5% CO2. Chemiluminescent oxidative burst as an indicator of macrophage function was triggered by adding zymosan A suspension containing luminol and assayed in an automated luminometer. Photon emission over time was counted and the results were expressed as integrated photon emission. Significant dose-related depression of oxidative burst occurred with either the viable tumor cells or the cell-free tumor extracts. Depression was partially or completely reversed by the presence of 50-100 micrograms./ml. of either the AM or the LL extract. AM and LL have previously been shown to modulate immune response. Data from this study suggest that they may also exert their antitumor activity via abolition of tumor-associated macrophage suppression.
Opening the U.S.-Mexico Border: Problems and Concerns for the Bush Administration, the Countries, and the Legal System to Consider (2002)

Before the tragic events of September 11, 2001,1 one of the most highly debated issues was whether the border separating the United States (U.S.) and Mexico should be opened to the trucking and shipping companies of Mexico.' President George W. Bush and Congress have since decided to open the U.S.-Mexico border to allow Mexico's shipping companies access into the U.S. President Bush announced on September 15, 2001, that "[olur borders are tighter than they have ever been before," 3 and the security of the U.S. and Mexico border will no doubt play a prominent role in the trade relations between the two countries.The possible ramifications of the terrorist attack on the U.S. on free trade between the United States and Mexico are beyond the scope of this comment, but will briefly be addressed where applicable.
Characterization of extruded‐expelled soybean flours (2001)

Abstract In recent years there has been widespread growth in extruding‐expelling (E‐E) facilities for small‐scale processing of soybeans. To compete in a highly competitive market, these E‐E operations are looking for ways to optimize production of their oil and meal products for values to their customers. The objective of this study was to determine the ranges of residual oil contents and protein dispersibility indices (PDI) possible with E‐E processing of soybeans. We also characterized the partially defatted meal for other factors important in food and feed applications. Residual oil and PDI values ranged from 4.7 to 12.7% and 12.5 to 69.1%, respectively. E‐E conditions significantly influenced residual lipase, lipoxygenase (L1–L3), and trypsin inhibitor activities. Chemical compositions were different for whole, dehulled, and reduced‐moisture soybeans, with dehulled soybeans tending to produce meals having higher residual oil contents at higher PDI values. It was possible to process soybeans with different characteristics (e.g., moisture content, whole, dehulled) to produce meals and flours with wide ranges of properties, providing E‐E operators with opportunities to market value‐added products.
Letm1, the mitochondrial Ca <sup>2+</sup> /H <sup>+</sup> antiporter, is essential for normal glucose metabolism and alters brain function in Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (2013)

Mitochondrial metabolism, respiration, and ATP production necessitate ion transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (Letm1), one of the genes deleted in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, encodes a putative mitochondrial Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporter. Cellular Letm1 knockdown reduced Ca(2+)mito uptake, H(+)mito extrusion and impaired mitochondrial ATP generation capacity. Homozygous deletion of Letm1 in mice resulted in embryonic lethality before day 6.5 of embryogenesis and ~50% of the heterozygotes died before day 13.5 of embryogenesis. The surviving heterozygous mice exhibited altered glucose metabolism, impaired control of brain ATP levels, and increased seizure activity. We conclude that loss of Letm1 contributes to the pathology of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome in humans and may contribute to seizure phenotypes by reducing glucose oxidation and other specific metabolic alterations.
Midgap density of states in hydrogenated polymorphous silicon (1999)

When silicon thin films are deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition in a plasma regime close to that of the formation of powder, a new type of material, named polymorphous silicon (pm-Si:H) is obtained. pmSi:H exhibits enhanced transport properties as compared to state-of-the-art hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). The study of space-charge-limited current in n+-i-n+ structures along with the use of the modulated photocurrent technique, of the constant photocurrent method and of steady-state photoconductivity and dark conductivity measurements allows us to shed some light on the origin of these improved properties. It is shown that the midgap density of states in the samples studied here is at least ten times lower than in a-Si:H, and the electron capture cross section of deep gap states is also expected to be lower by a factor of 3–4 to account for photoconductivity results. An interesting field of theoretical research is now open in order to link these low densities of states and capture cross sections to the peculiar structure of this new material.
Synthesis Of Iris Images Using Markov Random Fields (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Tag Routing for Efficient Blind Search in Peer-to-Peer Networks (2006)

A variety of algorithms have been developed for Blind Search (BS) over peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks, i.e., search of resources without any routing information for the exact location of the target resource. All these algorithms generate significant amount of duplicate query messages to increase the success rate. In this paper, we introduce tag routing search - a novel framework for BS over P2P overlay networks structured by Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs). A query message in this framework contains a tag that affect the selection of next hop nodes. We propose two specific algorithms: Zigzag Modified Breadth First Search with Local Indices (ZMBFS+L) and Recursive Partitioning Search (RPS). ZMBFS+L achieves high success rate with less duplications compared to other known BS algorithms. RPS, taking advantage of the DHT structure, does not generate any message duplication by design, thus is a very efficient broadcasting algorithm, and can achieve 100% success rate efficiently.
Aryl hydrocarbon-induced interactions at multiple DNA elements of diverse sequence—a multicomponent mechanism for activation of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) gene transcription (1994)

In vivo footprinting experiments, augmented with gel shift and transfection analyses suggest that activation of the CYP1A1 gene by aryl hydrocarbons may be a multicomponent process. During the first 30 minutes of exposure to aryl hydrocarbon carcinogens and environmental contaminants, in vivo footprints appear at nine distinct sites within a 281 bp region centered 950 bp upstream of the CYP1A1 transcription start site. Six of these sites are unrelated in sequence to the three xenobiotic response elements (XREs) within this region, at which the aryl hydrocarbon (AH) receptor is known to bind. These six display a variety of footprint patterns, are diverse in sequence and range in G-C content from 60 to 75%. This diversity suggests that multiple nuclear factors may be responsible for these six in vivo footprints. These observations are consistent with competition gel shift experiments showing that the nuclear factors binding at two of these sites are different from each other, as well as from the AH receptor. Gel shifts also indicate that the sequence-specific factors binding at these sites are expressed constitutively. This is consistent with a model in which in vivo footprints are induced at these six sites, not through direct activation or de novo synthesis of DNA-binding factors, but through a two phase mechanism in which binding of the nuclear AH receptor complex to XREs facilitates the binding of constitutive factors at these sites. This facilitation could be mediated either through specific protein-protein interactions or through alterations in chromatin structure that make these sites accessible to constitutive nuclear factors. A function for the sequences at which aryl hydrocarbons induce in vivo footprints is suggested by transfection experiments showing that one of these sequences cooperates with a weak XRE to confer on a reporter gene responsiveness to aryl hydrocarbons.
Engineering the oleaginous red yeast Rhodotorula glutinis for simultaneous β-carotene and cellulase production (2018)

Rhodotorula glutinis, an oleaginous red yeast, intrinsically produces several bio-products (i.e., lipids, carotenoids and enzymes) and is regarded as a potential host for biorefinery. In view of the limited available genetic engineering tools for this yeast, we have developed a useful genetic transformation method and transformed the β-carotene biosynthesis genes (crtI, crtE, crtYB and tHMG1) and cellulase genes (CBHI, CBHII, EgI, EgIII, EglA and BGS) into R. glutinis genome. The transformant P4-10-9-63Y-14B produced significantly higher β-carotene (27.13 ± 0.66 mg/g) than the wild type and also exhibited cellulase activity. Furthermore, the lipid production and salt tolerance ability of the transformants were unaffected. This is the first study to engineer the R. glutinis for simultaneous β-carotene and cellulase production. As R. glutinis can grow in sea water and can be engineered to utilize the cheaper substrates (i.e. biomass) for the production of biofuels or valuable compounds, it is a promising host for biorefinery.
Association of TNF-  promoter polymorphisms with the clearance of hepatitis B virus infection (2003)

The mechanisms underlying the resolution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remain undetermined. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a pivotal role in host immune response to HBV, and the capacity for cytokine production in individuals has a major genetic component. The aim of this study was to examine whether TNF-alpha promotor polymorphisms are associated with the clearance of HBV infection. A total of 1400 Korean subjects were enrolled in two different groups: 'chronic carrier group' (CC; n=1109), who were repeatedly hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive, and 'subjects who spontaneously recovered' (SR; n=291), who were HBsAg-negative with antibodies to HBsAg and hepatitis B core antigen. TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms at positions -1031T>C, -863C>A, -857C>T, -376G>A, -308G>A, -238G>A and -163G>A were determined and the genotype distributions of the CC and SR groups were compared. The TNF-alpha promoter alleles that were previously reported to be associated with higher plasma levels, i.e. the presence of the -308A allele (TNF-alpha-308A/G or A/A) or the absence of the -863A (TNF-alpha-863C/C) variant, were strongly associated with the resolution of HBV infection in three alternative analyzing models, i.e. TNF-alpha-308G>A (P=0.01) and TNF-alpha-863C>A (P=0.003-0.14), respectively. Haplotype analysis also revealed that TNF-alpha haplotype 1 [-1031T; -863C; -857C; -308G; -238G; -163G] and haplotype 2 [-1031C; -863A; -857C; -308G; -238G; -163G] were significantly associated with HBV clearance, showing protective antibody production and persistent HBV infection, respectively (P=0.003-0.02). Our findings imply that variations in the genes governing the levels of constitutive and inducible TNF-alpha might be an important factor, which might explain the variable outcome of HBV infection.
Locating and Decoding EAN-13 Barcodes from Images Captured by Digital Cameras (2006)

In this paper, we propose a vision-based technique to locate and decode EAN-13 barcodes from images captured by digital cameras. The ultimate aim of our approach is to enable electronic devices with cameras such as mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) to act as a barcode reader.
Active pulse compression using an integrated electro-optic phase modulator (1988)

We describe a pulse compression technique that uses integrated electro-optic phase modulators to linearly chirp optical pulses for compression by a dispersive delay line. In contrast to passive chirp techniques such as self-phase modulation, this approach of active pulse compression does not depend on the optical power and thus shows promise for application to low-power solid-state lasers as an alternative to mode locking for realizing compact picosecond sources. We have demonstrated this technique by compressing the pulses from a mode-locked neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser from 100 to 45 ps.
CHOICE OF FORMULAS MADE BY THREE INFANTS THROUGHOUT THE NURSING PERIOD (1935)

During the course of an experimental study of self-selection of diet by newly weaned infants<sup>1</sup>carried on for several years in a nursery organized for this purpose the question of whether a new-born child could successfully exercise a choice of formula and regulate the quantities taken at feedings naturally suggested itself. This report outlines the experiment (also carried on in this nursery) designed to investigate that question and presents the results obtained during 1930 and 1931 with three breast-fed infants taken from lying-in hospitals at the ages of 10, 8 and 7 days, respectively, and subjected continuously to the experiment for periods of from seven and one-half to eight months. Since there were obvious difficulties involved in presenting to such young infants a large number of formulas for choice at each feeding, it was decided to use for the experiment only four formulas which would be more or less
I<sub>1</sub>‐Imidazoline Receptors (1995)

Data were presented showing that I1-imidazoline sites show a unique ligand specificity that differs markedly from that of any of the alpha 2-adrenergic subtypes or the I2-imidazoline sites labeled by [3H]idazoxan. On the other hand, the ligand specificity of I1-imidazoline sites is maintained across mammalian species (cow, rat, dog, and human) and between different tissues and cell types. I1-Imidazoline sites can be further distinguished from I2 sites because the latter, unlike I1 sites, were not present in RVLM membranes from bovine brain stem. Furthermore, I1-imidazoline sites were modulated by guanine nucleotides with a specificity appropriate for a receptor coupled to G-protein and were mainly localized to plasma membranes. I1-Imidazoline sites show a unique pattern of distribution between diverse tissues and cell types and appear to be a neuroepithelial marker as well as being present in secretory cells of the pancreatic islets. The widespread distribution of I1-imidazoline sites implies that the functional significance of this putative receptor may have been underestimated. The signaling pathway associated with the I1-imidazoline receptor remains to be fully elucidated, but is likely that activation of phospholipase A2 leading to release of arachidonic acid and subsequent generation of prostaglandins plays a major role.
Modelling and design of high efficiency radiation tolerant indium phosphide space solar cells (1987)

Using a fairly comprehensive model, a parametric variation study was performed of the InP shallow homojunction solar cell with a view to determining the maximum realistically achievable efficiency and an optimum design that would yield this efficiency. Calculations show that with good-quality epitaxial material, a beginning-of-life efficiency of about 20.3 precent at 1AM0, 25 C may be possible. The design parameters of the near-optimum cell are given. Also presented are the expected effect on the performance parameters of radiation damage by 1-MeV electrons and a possible explanation of the high radiation tolerance of InP solar cells.
Optical Constants of Germanium, Silicon, and Pyrite in the Infrared (1951)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Ivan Šimon, "Optical Constants of Germanium, Silicon, and Pyrite in the Infrared," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41, 730-730 (1951) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article