gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In-packet Bloom filter based data center networking with distributed OpenFlow controllers (2010)

This paper discusses a novel data center architecture based on load-balanced forwarding with in-packet Bloom filters enabled by two support services that distribute the directory and topology state of OpenFlow controller applications. By deploying an army of Rack Managers acting as OpenFlow controllers, the proposed architecture promises scalability, performance and fault-tolerance. We conjecture that packet forwarding itself may become a cloud internal service implemented by leveraging cloud application best practices such as low-latency, highly-available, key-value storage systems. Moreover, we contribute to demystifying the argument that the centralized controller model of OpenFlow networks is prone to a single point of failure and show that direct network controllers can be physically distributed, yielding a “sweet spot” between fully distributed and centralized networking paradigms.
Generalised concatenation of encoded Gaussian filtered continuous phase modulation (2000)

The authors introduce the construction of generalised concatenated (multilevel) encoded Gaussian filtered CPM systems. It is shown that the constructed multilevel codes may operate with coherent and noncoherent demodulation of signals and can be used in Gaussian and Rayleigh-fading channels. The simulation results are presented for both channel types. It is shown that the proposed systems have error performance advantages over the known constructions taken from the literature.
Management of portal hypertension and esophageal varices in alcoholic cirrhosis. (1997)

Portal hypertension is a frequent consequence of liver disease, especially alcoholic cirrhosis. Unabated elevations in portal pressure may presage an esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Propranolol or isosorbide therapy is effective in the prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. In patients with acute variceal hemorrhage, endoscopic sclerotherapy or ligation is the best initial intervention. Stapled esophageal transection is often effective when endoscopic management fails. Surgical shunts have a lower associated mortality rate when they are performed electively and involve partial shunting of hepatic blood flow. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts are indicated as a salvage procedure or as a bridge to liver transplantation. Ultimately, liver transplantation offers the best survival rate.
Cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of a 12R-LOX–chaperone complex (2011)

Lipoxygenases are a family of nonheme iron-containing dioxygenases. An Escherichia coli expression system producing the bacterial chaperones GroES and GroEL was engineered and successfully used to produce large quantities of recombinant human 12R-LOX (LOXR; MW 80.34 kDa; 701 amino-acid residues). The co-overproduction of the two chaperones with 12R-LOX resulted in increased solubility of 12R-LOX and allowed the purification of milligram amounts of active enzyme for structural studies by X-ray diffraction. The lipoxygenase protein was purified on an affinity column and a gel-filtration column with chaperone protein (MW 57.16 kDa). The LOXR-chaperone complex was crystallized with ligand by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method using 1.5 M ammonium hydrogen phosphate as precipitant. The crystals belonged to the monoclinic system, space group P2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 138.97, b = 266.11, c = 152.26 Å, β = 101.07°. Based on the calculated Matthews coefficient (3.1 Å(3) Da(-1)), it is estimated that one molecule of LOXR complexed with two molecules of chaperone is present in the asymmetric unit of the crystal lattice. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 4 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation.
Effects of Enhanced Gaze Presentation on Gaze Leading in Remote Collaborative Physical Tasks (2018)

With respect to collaborative physical tasks, gaze and gestures play significant roles when referring to physical objects. In video-mediated communication, however, such nonverbal cues become "ineffectual" when they are presented via a 2D monitor, making video-mediated collaborative physical tasks inefficient. This study focuses on gaze cues to support remote collaborative physical tasks and uses an eye-shaped display, "ThirdEye," a simple add-on display that represents a remote participant's gaze direction. ThirdEye is expected to be especially effective when used with mobile terminals. We investigated whether the ThirdEye's gaze shift is effective in leading a local observer's attention toward objects in the local environment, even when ThirdEye is presented with the actual face image of a remote person. Experimental results show that ThirdEye can lead the local participant's attention to intended objects faster than without ThirdEye.
The “Axial Period”: What Was It and What Does It Signify? (2008)

Abstract Karl Jaspers coined the term the “axial period” to refer to what he saw as the simultaneous development in several different and separate societies—China, India, Iran, Israel, Greece—of “a new departure within mankind.” What he meant has been characterized as “a kind of critical, reflective questioning of the actual and a new vision of what lies beyond.” While it is true that people in each of these separate cultures began to develop new ways of talking about the cosmos, ethics, and community, Jaspers's approach and description of these phenomena were, I shall argue, highly defective. This has led to serious misunderstandings of what was involved.
Controllable Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Cubic and Hexagonal Phase Nickel Nanocrystals (2007)

Phase structure control of Ni nanocrystals has been realized using a one-pot chemical route. By adjusting the growth environment and growth dynamic process, pure cubic and hexagonal phase Ni nanocrystals can be obtained (see figure). Both the cubic and hexagonal phase Ni nanocrystals are shown to possess ferromagnetic properties, but the magnetic properties of the cubic phase are better than those of the hexagonal phase nanocrystals.
How Effective are Electronic Reputation Mechanisms (2003)

Electronic reputation or mechanisms aim to mitigate the moral hazard problems associated with exchange among strangers by providing the type of information available in more traditional close-knit groups, where members are frequently involved in one another's dealings. In this paper, we compare trading in a market with online feedback (as implemented by many Internet markets) to a market without feedback, as well as to a market in which the same people interact with one another repeatedly (partners market). We find that, while the feedback mechanism induces quite a substantial improvement in transaction efficiency, it also exhibits a kind of public goods problem that, unlike in the partners market, the benefits of trust and trustworthy behavior go to the whole community and are not completely internalized. We discuss the implications of this perspective for improving feedback mechanisms.
Generation of Ultrahydrophobic Properties of Aluminium – A first Step to Self-cleaning Transparently Coated Metal Surfaces (2001)

No abstracts.
Polyhydrated ionogen enhances postoperative sinonasal ciliated remucosalization (2011)

Poor postsurgical sinonasal mucosa healing results in adverse clinical outcomes. In a rabbit model of sinonasal mucosal healing, daily irrigation for 14 days with PHI Mg(2+)/Br(-)-enhanced ciliated remucosalization compared to saline.
On The Projective Invariant Representation of Conies in Computer Graphics (1989)

Abstract A general formulation for conies and conic arcs for the purpose of computer graphics is given, based on principles and theorems of projective geometry. This approach allows the approximation of these curves by line segments to be postponed in the graphics output pipeline; it results in a more compact storage, faster approximation algorithms and smoother outlook of the curves.
Investigation of vertical type single-electron transistor with sidewall spacer quantum dot (2011)

Modern VLSI technology has been developed with continuous scaling of MOSFET. However, as MOSFET has been scaled down, a lot of critical issues have risen and resulted in a considerable degradation of individual devices [1]. On the other hand, owing to its periodic on/off characteristic, single-electron transistor (SET) attracts attention with its promising performance. But, in general, fabricating SET, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers have been used for their leakage current through buried oxide (BOX) on the substrate region [2]. However, in this paper, we propose a vertical structure that is fabricated on a bare wafer, not on a SOI wafer, and the fabrication process with which small size of a quantum dot (QD) can be formed more easily than previous works [1][3]. Since the smaller QD a SET has, the better operation characteristic it has at room temperature (RT), the characteristic of the SET device can be observed more clearly than previous works with the simple process to downsize a QD.
A comparative chromatographic study of liquid adsorption and diffusion in microporous and macroporous adsorbents (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA comparative chromatographic study of liquid adsorption and diffusion in microporous and macroporous adsorbentsYue Sheng Lin and Yi Hua MaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1989, 28, 5, 622–630Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00089a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00089a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impact of polycation adsorption on efficiency and electroosmotically driven transport in capillary electrophoresis (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImpact of polycation adsorption on efficiency and electroosmotically driven transport in capillary electrophoresisJohn K. Towns and Fred E. RegnierCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 21, 2473–2478Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00045a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00045a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views473Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental osteoarthritis induced by surgical realignment of the patella in BALB/c mice (2010)

The patellofemoral joint is an important source of symptoms in osteoarthritis of the knee. We have used a newly designed surgical model of patellar strengthening to induce osteoarthritis in BALB/c mice and to establish markers by investigating the relationship between osteoarthritis and synovial levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Osteoarthritis was induced by using this microsurgical technique under direct vision without involving the cavity of the knee. Degeneration of cartilage was assessed by the Mankin score and synovial tissue was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of MMPs. Irrigation fluid from the knee was used to measure the concentrations of MMP-3 and MMP-9. Analysis of cartilage degeneration was correlated with the levels of expression of MMP. After operation the patellofemoral joint showed evidence of mild osteoarthritis at eight weeks and further degenerative changes by 12 weeks. The level of synovial MMP-9 mRNA correlated with the Mankin score at eight weeks, but not at 12 weeks. The levels of MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-14 mRNA correlated with the Mankin score at 12 weeks. An increase in MMP-3 was observed from four weeks up to 16 weeks. MMP-9 was notably increased at eight weeks, but the concentration at 16 weeks had decreased to the level observed at four weeks. Our observations suggest that MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-14 could be used as markers of the progression of osteoarthritic change.
Macro-star networks: efficient low-degree alternatives to star graphs (1998)

We propose a new class of interconnection networks, called macro-star networks, which belong to the class of Cayley graphs and use the star graph as a basic building module. A macro-star network can have node degree that is considerably smaller than that of a star graph of the same size, and diameter that is sublogarithmic and asymptotically within a factor of 1.25 from a universal lower bound (given its node degree). We show that algorithms developed for star graphs can be emulated on suitably constructed macro-stars with asymptotically optimal slowdown. This enables us to obtain through emulation a variety of efficient algorithms for the macro-star network, thus proving its versatility. Basic communication tasks, such as the multimode broadcast and the total exchange, can be executed in macro-star networks in asymptotically optimal time under both the single-port and the all-port communication models. Moreover, no interconnection network with similar node degree can perform these communication tasks in time that is better by more than a constant factor than that required in a macro-star network. We show that macro-star networks can embed trees, meshes, hypercubes, as well as star, bubble-sort, and complete transposition graphs with constant dilation. We introduce several variants of the macro-star network that provide more flexibility in scaling up the number of nodes. We also discuss implementation issues and compare the new topology with the star graph and other popular topologies.
<b>Coating the surface: a model for expression of capsular polysialic acid in <i>Escherichia coli</i> K1</b> (1996)

Capsules are well-studied components of the bacterial surface that modulate interactions between the cell and its environment. Generally composed of polysaccharide, they are key virulence determinants in invasive infections in humans and other animals. Genetic determinants involved in capsule expression have been isolated from a number of organisms, but perhaps the best characterized is the kps cluster of Escherichia coli K1. In this review, the current understanding of the functions of the kps gene products is summarized. Further, a proposed mechanistic model for capsule expression is presented and discussed. The model is based on the premise that the numerous components of the kps cluster form a hetero-oligomeric complex responsible for synthesis and concurrent translocation of the capsular polysialic acid through sites of inner and outer membrane fusion. We view the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, KpsMT, to be central to the functioning of the complex, interacting with the biosynthetic apparatus as well as the extracytoplasmic components of the cluster to co-ordinate synthesis and translocation. The model provides the basis for additional experimentation and reflects emerging similarities among systems responsible for macromolecular export in Gram-negative bacteria.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2016)

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) have attracted enormous attention due to their wide applications, including for magnetic separation, for magnetic hyperthermia, and as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This review article introduces the methods of synthesizing MIONs, and their application as MRI contrast agents. Currently, many methods have been reported for the synthesis of MIONs. Herein, we only focus on the liquid-based synthesis methods including aqueous phase methods and organic phase methods. In addition, the MIONs larger than 10 nm can be used as negative contrast agents and the recently emerged extremely small MIONs (ES-MIONs) smaller than 5 nm are potential positive contrast agents. In this review, we focus on the ES-MIONs because ES-MIONs avoid the disadvantages of MION-based T<sub>2</sub>- and gadolinium chelate-based T<sub>1</sub>-weighted contrast agents.
Novel small molecular inhibitors disrupt the JAK/STAT3 and FAK signaling pathways and exhibit a potent antitumor activity in glioma cells (2012)

JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) signaling is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Constitutive activation of STATs, in particular STAT3, is observed in a large number of human tumors, including gliomas and may contribute to oncogenesis by stimulating cell proliferation and preventing apoptosis, thus it emerges as a promising target for anti-cancer therapy. To investigate the therapeutic potential of blocking STAT3 in glioma cells a set of small synthetic molecules - caffeic acid derivatives, structurally related to AG490 was screened for its ability to inhibit STAT3. Inhibitor 2 (E)-2-cyano-N-[(S)-1-phenylethyl]-3-(pyridin-2-yl)acrylamide was the most effective in inhibition of JAK/STAT3 signaling and at doses ≥ 25 μM significantly reduced the level of phosphorylated JAK1, JAK2 and STAT3 (at Tyr705) and downregulated the expression of known STAT3 targets. In treated cells we observed rapid detachment and rounding of cells associated with reduction of focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation and activity, followed by upregulation of phosphorylated p38, JNK and ERK1/2 levels. Accumulation of cells with fragmented DNA, increases of the cleaved caspase 3 and fragmented PARP levels were detected 24 h after the treatment suggesting ongoing apoptotic cell death. Three human malignant glioblastoma cell lines defective in tumor suppressors TP53 and/or PTEN were susceptible to inhibitor 2 that induced the programmed cell death. Global gene expression profiling revealed modulation of numerous genes in cells treated with inhibitor 2 revealing novel, potential JAK/STAT targets. Our study demonstrates that suitably modified caffeic acid molecules exhibit significant cytotoxic potential toward glioma cells.
Interference-Free Multi-User MIMO-OFDM (2006)

A multi-user downlink MIMO-OFDM scheme is considered. Perfect channel knowledge is assumed at the base station and linear processing is used at both the transmit and receive sides. The objective is to optimize the mean BER of the system while satisfying a transmit power constraint and fulfilling each user's rate. FDMA and SDMA are investigated. We show how the multi-user interference induced by SDMA can be annihilated and exhibit that this multiple access technique should be preferred to FDMA.
Influence of the cellulose substrate on the electrochemical properties of paper-based polypyrrole electrode materials (2012)

The influence of the cellulose substrate on the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor electrode materials made of polypyrrole (PPy) and cellulose is investigated. Composites were synthesized by chemical polymerization of pyrrole on dispersed fibers of cellulose from Cladophora algae and dispersed wood cellulose-based commercial filter papers, respectively, as well as on Cladophora cellulose and filter paper sheets. The resulting composites, which were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and elemental analysis, were found to exhibit specific charge capacities proportional to the PPy content of the composites. The highest specific capacity (i.e., 171 C/g composite or 274 C/g PPy) was obtained for composites made from dispersed Cladophora cellulose fibers. The higher specific capacities for the Cladophora cellulose composites can be explained by the fact that the Cladophora cellulose fibers were significantly thinner than the wood cellulose fibers. While the PPy was mainly situated on the surface of the Cladophora cellulose fibers, a significant part of the PPy was found to be present within the wood fibers of the filter paper-based composites. The latter can be ascribed to a higher accessibility of the aqueous pyrrole solution to the wood-based fibers as compared to the highly crystalline algae based cellulose fibers. The present results clearly show that the choice of the cellulose substrate is important when designing electrode materials for inexpensive, flexible and environmentally friendly paper-based energy storage devices.
Elimination of Humic Materials (1982)

Abstract The elimination of humic acids was studied by the following unit processes or their combination : ozonation (0), clariflocculation (C) and immersed biological filtration (F). (0) assures good elimination of color, but has little influence on tannins and TOD, (C) with FeCl3 as the flocculant eliminates color well and the tannins, but the residual concentration of ferric ions is high. (F) requires an adaptation of attached cells, which was not the case during tests (O)-(F) in combination. Clariflocculation efficiency was not enhanced by preozonation.
Towards a Sense Based Document Representation for Internet Information Retrieval. (2003)

We describe an attempt to use word sense as an alternate text representation within an information retrieval system in order to enhance retrieval effectiveness. A performance comparison between a term and sense based system was carried out indicating increased retrieval effectiveness using a sense based representation. These increases come about by using a retrieval strategy designed to down rank documents containing query terms identified as being used in an infrequent sense.