gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TAS6417/CLN-081 Is a Pan-Mutation–Selective EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor with a Broad Spectrum of Preclinical Activity against Clinically Relevant <i>EGFR</i> Mutations (2019)

Despite the worldwide approval of three generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) for advanced non-small cell lung cancers with <i>EGFR</i> mutations, no TKI with a broad spectrum of activity against all clinically relevant mutations is currently available. In this study, we sought to evaluate a covalent mutation-specific EGFR TKI, TAS6417 (also named CLN-081), with the broadest level of activity against <i>EGFR</i> mutations with a prevalence of ≥1%. Lung cancer and genetically engineered cell lines, as well as murine xenograft models were used to evaluate the efficacy of TAS6417 and other approved/in-development EGFR TKIs (erlotinib, afatinib, osimertinib, and poziotinib). We demonstrate that TAS6417 is a robust inhibitor against the most common <i>EGFR</i> mutations (exon 19 deletions and L858R) and the most potent against cells harboring <i>EGFR</i>-T790M (first/second-generation TKI resistance mutation). In addition, TAS6417 has activity in cells driven by less common <i>EGFR</i>-G719X, L861Q, and S768I mutations. For recalcitrant <i>EGFR</i> exon 20 insertion mutations, selectivity indexes (wild-type EGFR/mutant EGFR ratio of inhibition) favored TAS6417 in comparison with poziotinib and osimertinib, indicating a wider therapeutic window. Taken together, we demonstrate that TAS6417 is a potent EGFR TKI with a broad spectrum of activity and a wider therapeutic window than most approved/in-development generations of EGFR inhibitors. IMPLICATIONS: TAS6417/CLN-081 is a potent EGFR TKI with a wide therapeutic window and may be effective in lung cancer patients with clinically relevant <i>EGFR</i> mutations.
Continuous Wound Infusion of Local Anesthetic for the Control of Pain After Elective Abdominal Colorectal Surgery (2007)

Management of pain after major abdominal colorectal surgery is best achieved through adopting a multimodal approach to analgesia. Delivery of ropivacaine to midline laparotomy wounds via a Painbuster Soaker device is safe, but we have not demonstrated any significant clinical advantage over current best practice.
Les entomologistes en Bretagne de 1800 à 1939 (2012)

Ce travail s'attache à retracer l'histoire sociale, culturelle et scientifique des entomologistes bretons au cours des XIXe et première moitié du XXe siècles. Ceux-ci se lancent en général assez tôt dans l'étude des insectes ; ils exercent souvent des professions leur conférant une position sociale assez élevée et sont majoritairement rennais ou nantais. Leur effectif atteint son apogée à la fin du XIXe siècle. Pour mener à bien leurs travaux, ils tissent entre eux de multiples liens que structurent, localement les sociétés savantes, et dans une moindre mesure la faculté des sciences de Rennes ; mais d'autres pratiques, plus informelles, les unissent aussi, en particulier les échanges réalisés grâce aux revues nationales. Ces entomologistes, souvent spécialisés dans l'étude d'un ou deux groupes taxonomiques, privilégient les recherches sur les coléoptères et les lépidoptères. La réalisation de catalogues départementaux listant de plus en plus précisément les différentes espèces observées les conduit à s'approprier les idées écologiques sur la fin de la période. Enfin, certains exemples techniques appliquées par ces hommes, sur le terrain comme en laboratoire, sont donnés.
<i>Rehmanniae Radix</i>, an Effective Treatment for Patients with Various Inflammatory and Metabolic Diseases: Results from a Review of Korean Publications. (2017)

The results of this literature review indicate that <i>Rehmanniae Radix</i> is effective in treating patients with various inflammatory and metabolic diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes. Based on these results, we believe that <i>Rehmanniae Radix</i> can be used effectively to treat patients with such diseases.
Hypergraph Convolution and Hypergraph Attention (2019)

Recently, graph neural networks have attracted great attention and achieved prominent performance in various research fields. Most of those algorithms have assumed pairwise relationships of objects of interest. However, in many real applications, the relationships between objects are in higher-order, beyond a pairwise formulation. To efficiently learn deep embeddings on the high-order graph-structured data, we introduce two end-to-end trainable operators to the family of graph neural networks, i.e., hypergraph convolution and hypergraph attention. Whilst hypergraph convolution defines the basic formulation of performing convolution on a hypergraph, hypergraph attention further enhances the capacity of representation learning by leveraging an attention module. With the two operators, a graph neural network is readily extended to a more flexible model and applied to diverse applications where non-pairwise relationships are observed. Extensive experimental results with semi-supervised node classification demonstrate the effectiveness of hypergraph convolution and hypergraph attention.
A new helical antenna design for better on-and off-boresight axial ratio performance (1980)

A new helical antenna design and its measured performance are presented. This modified helical antenna provides significant improvement in the purity of the circular polarization performance over its half-power beamwidth and is most suitable for space communication application where circular polarization purity and minimum-edge-coverage gain are often required.
The effect of substitution levels on the luminescent and degradation properties of fluorescent poly(ester‐anhydride)s (2006)

Abstract In this work, two kinds of diacid monomers were synthesized by a convenient scheme, where 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzoic acid (vanillic acid) or 4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxybenzoic acid (syringic acid) directly condensated with succinic chloride. Corresponding polyanhydrides were obtained by melt polycondensation. Copolyanhydrides composed of the new monomers and sebacic acid (SA) were further prepared and characterized by NMR, DSC, and fluorometer. The two new kinds of polyanhydride emit strong fluorescence and have similar fluorescent spectra to poly(di( p ‐carboxyphenyl) succinate anhydride) (P(dCPS)). The emission wavelength (λ em ) of the copolymers could be tuned by the excitation wavelength (λ ex ). Degradation rate of the copolyanhydrides decreased as dMOCPS or ddMOCPS fraction increased, and the degradation duration could be modulated from several days to more than 3 months. It addition, the copolyanhydrides displayed typical surface‐degradation characteristics. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1214–1221, 2006
Enabling tomography with low-cost C-arm systems (2018)

In scenarios where the use of a Computed Tomography (CT) is difficult, such as during surgery or in the ICU, the use of a C-arm system to generate tomographic information could contribute with interesting additional clinical information. Recent days are seeing the development of the so-called cone-beam CT (CBCT) based on advanced motorized isocentric C-arm systems. To be able to make use of more basic C-arm systems, apart from the geometric non-idealities common to any CBCT, we need to address other difficulties. First, the trajectory of the source-detector pair may differ from a circular path and the system may suffer mechanical strains that modify the relative positions of the source and detector for different projection angles. Second, and more importantly, the exact position of the source and detector elements may not be repeatable for consecutive rotations due to low mechanical precision, thus preventing an accurate geometrical calibration of the system. Finally, the limitation of the angular span and the difficulty of obtaining a high number of projections pose a great challenge to the image reconstruction. In this work, we present a novel method to adapt a standard C-arm, originally designed for planar imaging, to be used as a tomograph. The key parts of the new acquisition protocol are (1) a geometrical calibration method to compensate mechanical inaccuracies that prevent an accurate repetition of source-detector position between acquisitions, and (2) an advanced image reconstruction method able to deal with limited angle data, sparse projections and non-circular trajectories. Both methods exploit surface information from the patient, which can be obtained using a 3D surface scanner. The proposed method was evaluated with two real C-arm systems, based on an image intensifier and a flat panel detector respectively, showing the feasibility of the proposal.
Oral Exposure to Diabetes-Promoting Food or Immunomodulators in Neonates Alters Gut Cytokines and Diabetes (2002)

Disease development in diabetes-prone BB rats is modified by the type of diet fed after weaning. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether exposure during the first week of life to antigens from a known diabetes-promoting diet (NIH-07) could modify diabetes incidence and, if so, to what extent this occurs via alterations in systemic T-cell reactivity, gut cytokines, or islet infiltration. Diabetes-prone BB (BBdp) rats were hand-fed twice daily between age 4 and 7 days with vehicle, a hydrolyzed casein (HC)-based infant formula, Pregestimil (PG), PG + cereal-based NIH-07 diet, PG + lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or PG + LPS + silica. After weaning, they were fed either an NIH-07 diet or a semipurified HC (diabetes-retardant) diet until 150 days. In separate studies, 5-day-old BBdp rat pups were administered the aforementioned treatments, and expression of intestinal mRNA for gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) or transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was quantified using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The effect of early oral treatment with NIH-07 or PG on systemic T-cell reactivity was evaluated using footpad swelling delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and the popliteal lymph node assay. Oral exposure of neonates to a complex mixture of antigens from the diabetes-promoting diet delayed onset of diabetes (79 vs. 88 days) and prevented disease in approximately one-third of animals. A similar protective effect was seen for neonatal exposure to wheat gluten in animals subsequently weaned onto a semipurified wheat gluten diet. By contrast, LPS-treated neonates displayed more severe insulitis and developed diabetes at an increased rate, which was significantly suppressed by co-administration of silica particles. The protective effect of early exposure to diabetogenic diets was not associated with significant reduction of islet infiltration, and there was no impact on the DTH response to food antigens. However, whereas diabetes-resistant BBc rats developed systemic tolerance to NIH-07 antigens fed chronically, BBdp rats did not. The lack of effect of the early oral antigen regimen on the DTH reaction in the footpad, a classic Th1-mediated reaction, suggests little effect on systemic T-cell reactivity. However, local effects were observed in the small intestine. Oral exposure to diabetes-promoting food antigens or LPS downregulated the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma and decreased the IFN-gamma/TGF-beta ratio. Thus, oral exposure to diabetes-promoting food antigens and immune modulators in neonates can modify diabetes expression in association with changes in local cytokine balance in the gut.
Production of Torularhodin, Torulene, and β-Carotene by Rhodotorula Yeasts (2012)

Yeasts of the genera Rhodotorula are able to synthesize different pigments of high economic value like β-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin, and therefore represent a biotechnologically interesting group of yeasts. However, the low production rate of pigment in these microorganisms limits its industrial application. Here we describe some strategies to obtain hyperpigmented mutants of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa by means of ultraviolet-B radiation, the procedures for total carotenoids extraction and quantification, and a method for identification of each pigment.
The role of carbohydrate metabolism in the regulation of milk production (1979)

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[α1(III)]3 Human Skin Collagen (1974)

Human dermis was digested with pepsin under conditions that maintain the helical conformation of the bulk of the collagen.Molecules containing (rl(II1) chains were separated from [al(I)]& collagen by differential salt precipitation at pH '7.5, with the use of the peptides produced by CNBr cleavage to monitor the composition of each fraction.The isolated molecules are composed of three al(IJ1) chains, and these chains are cross-linked by disulfide bonds.Exposure to dithiothreitol liberates the three apparently identical chains, and these elute on carboxymethylcellulose chromatography at a position intermediate between al(I) and (r2.The pepsin-resistant portion of these chains is the same size as that of previously isolated collagen chains.Human dermis was also digested with CNBr, and resultant al(I) and al(II1) peptides were separated chromatographically.The relative quantities of these peptides indicate that al(II1) chains predominate in early fetal skin, but by birth and in later life al(I) chains are approximately 3 times as plentiful.Collagen extracted from human skin has been well characterized in its chain composition (2) and also at the level of CNBr peptides (3, 4).This molecule is composed of two
Performance evaluation of the generalized type-II hybrid ARQ scheme with noisy feedback on Markov channels (1993)

The generalized type-II hybrid automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme on Markov channels is examined in order to study the effect of feedback channel errors on the performance of ARQ systems. It is shown that it is possible to derive expressions for certain critical performance parameters, such as the throughput efficiency, the probabilities of packet loss, undetected error, and correct delivery. To provide a means of comparison, a parallel set of expressions is provided under the usual assumption of an error-free feedback channel. By use of simulations, the ARQ system performance is examined under noiseless feedback and noisy feedback. It is found that feedback channel noise can result in the loss of packets, an increase in the number of undetected errors, and the occurrence of unnecessary transmissions. To enhance the performance of the GH-II ARQ scheme, a predictor is used and found to lower the probability of undetected error, reduce the number of unnecessary transmissions, and increase the throughput efficiency. >
Increased Expression of FGF19 Contributes to Tumor Progression and Cell Motility of Human Thyroid Cancer (2015)

Our data revealed that the increased expression of FGF19 might be involved in the malignant behaviors of thyroid cancer, highlighting its potential as a molecular marker for early diagnosis and as a possible target for therapeutic intervention of this disease.
Ultrafast switching of quantum interference current through exchange interaction between coherent electron waves and photoexcited virtual pairs (1990)

In a dc biased or built-in asymmetric quantum well (QW) structure, a net charge polarization would be induced by virtual excitations caused by an off-resonant pump light with a photon energy hω far below the fundamental excitonic gap of the QW. The induced virtual charge polarizations may partially screen the original field E0, resulting in a decrease of the internal field,1,2 One of the most striking features of this modulation scheme, named virtual charge- Induced optical nonlinearity (VCON),1 is the possibility of generation of ultrafast voltage pulses in a diode exhibiting multi-QW structure.2 The possibility of ultrafast electrostatic control of quantum interference currents through the voltage pulse generation has been discussed.3 We propose and discuss a new modulation scheme of the quantum interference currents based on more direct interactions, i.e., exchange interactions between coherent election waves and photoexcited virtual pairs.
Differential gene expression in banana roots in response to Fusarium wilt (2017)

Banana wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is a devastating disease in the banana industry. The molecular mechanism underlying the wilt resistance of AAA-type banana cultivars has not been fully characterized. Our objective was to analyse the genes differentially expressed in roots during the time of flower bud differentiation in plants grown in fields infested with Foc TR4. We compared the Foc TR4-tolerant ‘Formosana’ banana and the susceptible ‘Brazil’ banana. cDNA libraries were constructed from RNA isolated from the roots of both cultivars, and generated approximately 40 million and 35 million high-quality reads, respectively. We mapped 28 353 810 ‘Formosana’ reads and 26 917 421 ‘Brazil’ reads to the banana genome. A search of the NR (non-redundant) database resulted in the annotation of 34 408 genes. Additionally, 107 genes were differentially expressed between the two cultivars. Among the 48 differentially expressed genes with known functions, 41 were expressed more highly in ‘Formosana’ than in ‘Brazil’. These genes were divided into several categories, including specific resistance mechanism-related enzyme genes and phytoalexin synthesis-related genes. The expression levels of eight genes were validated by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicate that ‘Formosana’ may enhance its tolerance to Foc TR4 by increasing the expression of defence-related genes (possibly constitutively). This cultivar also exhibits up-regulated expression of non-specific stress-related genes, which may enhance its overall disease tolerance. This study provides important transcript-level details potentially useful for clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying the disease resistance of Cavendish banana cultivars.
FGF-2 regulation of neurogenesis in adult hippocampus after brain injury (2001)

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) promotes proliferation of neuroprogenitor cells in culture and is up-regulated within brain after injury. Using mice genetically deficient in FGF-2 (FGF-2(-/-) mice), we addressed the importance of endogenously generated FGF-2 on neurogenesis within the hippocampus, a structure involved in spatial, declarative, and contextual memory, after seizures or ischemic injury. BrdUrd incorporation was used to mark dividing neuroprogenitor cells and NeuN expression to monitor their differentiation into neurons. In the wild-type strain, hippocampal FGF-2 increased after either kainic acid injection or middle cerebral artery occlusion, and the numbers of BrdUrd/NeuN-positive cells significantly increased on days 9 and 16 as compared with the controls. In FGF-2(-/-) mice, BrdUrd labeling was attenuated after kainic acid or middle cerebral artery occlusion, as was the number of neural cells colabeled with both BrdUrd and NeuN. After FGF-2(-/-) mice were injected intraventricularly with a herpes simplex virus-1 amplicon vector carrying FGF-2 gene, the number of BrdUrd-labeled cells increased significantly to values equivalent to wild-type littermates after kainate seizures. These results indicate that endogenously synthesized FGF-2 is necessary and sufficient to stimulate proliferation and differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells in the adult hippocampus after brain insult.
Scaling concurrent log-structured data stores (2015)

Log-structured data stores (LSM-DSs) are widely accepted as the state-of-the-art implementation of key-value stores. They replace random disk writes with sequential I/O, by accumulating large batches of updates in an in-memory data structure and merging it with the on-disk store in the background. While LSM-DS implementations proved to be highly successful at masking the I/O bottleneck, scaling them up on multicore CPUs remains a challenge. This is nontrivial due to their often rich APIs, as well as the need to coordinate the RAM access with the background I/O.
Transvaginal color flow imaging in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. (1995)

Transvaginal ultrasonography and color flow imaging, performed to investigate whether there is any diagnostic advantage, were assessed over a 3 year period in 217 patients with adnexal masses prior to explorative laparotomy. Gray scale sonography and color Doppler flow were performed 1 day prior to surgery. Benign tumors were found in 165 patients and flow was detectable in 82 (49.7%); 14 patients had tumors of low malignant potential, 12 (85.7%) of whom showed detectable flow, and 38 had malignant tumors, in 25 (65.8%) of whom flow was detectable. Blood flow velocity was evaluated by the calculation of the resistance index prior to surgery. Mean resistive index was 0.39 +/- 0.05 for malignant tumors, compared with 0.49 +/- 0.06 and 0.55 +/- 0.07 for the low malignant potential and benign tumors, respectively. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). When a resistive index of 0.47 was considered the cut-off value, the sensitivity was 88% and the specificity was calculated to be 85% (using color Doppler flow as the only diagnostic method). With our large cohort of patients, we demonstration the contribution of color Doppler flow examination in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian tumors prior to surgery.
High-performance networking. (2001)

Our research in high-performance networking addresses the communication needs of Grand Challenge applications over a wide range of environments - wide-area network (WAN) in support of grids and local-area network (LAN) and system-area network (SAN) in support of network of workstations and clusters. While the high-performance computing (HPC) community generally groups clusters and grids together as commodity supercomputing infrastructures, the networking aspects of clusters and grids are fundamentally different. In networks of workstations and clusters, the primary communication bottleneck is the host-interface bottleneck whereas in grids, the bottlenecks are adaptation bottlenecks in particular, flow control and congestion control. To address these problems, we offer a set of solutions specifically tailored to each of the aforementioned environments.
In depth resolved analysis of SIMOX materials by optical characterization techniques (2002)

Beveled SIMOX (separation by implanted oxygen) samples obtained by different processes have been analyzed by Raman scattering and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) reflection-absorption spectroscopy techniques. In both cases, measurements have been made with a microscope, which made it possible to directly observe the different regions of the silicon and buried oxide layers on the structures. Micro-Raman measurements performed with an excitation wavelength of 457.9 nm (penetration depth of about 300 nm) show the existence of structural differences in the Si regions of the different samples, related to the technological processes. The structural characterization of the buried oxides has been carried out by infrared (IR) microscope reflection measurements. A comparison of the characteristics of the TO/sub 3/-LO/sub 3/ and TO/sub 4/-LO/sub 4/ vibrational peaks in the IR spectra gives information about the structural characteristics of the oxides.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Time of arrival and Time Sum of arrival based NLOS identification and localization (2012)

Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) error due to the blockage of direct paths has been considered as the major problem in the wireless localization. Therefore, this paper studies the influence on different algorithms caused by the same NLOS error in order to identify LOS base stations (BS) from NLOS BS. Specifically, Time of Arrival (TOA) based algorithm and Time Sum of arrival (TSOA) based algorithm are chosen to be the two different localization algorithms to detect the LOS BS in this paper. Simulations show that the proposed strategy presents superior performance in Dense NLOS environment.