gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small Open Reading Frames Pack a Big Punch in Cardiac Calcium Regulation (2014)

C ardiac contraction requires continuous cycles of calci- um release and reuptake between the sarcoplasm and sarcoplasmic reticulum. In vertebrate cardiomyocytes, resequestration of calcium to the sarcoplasmic reticulum is accomplished by the SERCA whose activity is dampened by interaction with the small integral membrane proteins, phospholamban and sarcolipin. In a recent report published in Science, Magny et al identify 2 small peptides in Drosophila encoded in a putative long noncoding RNA that buffers calcium reuptake by sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase 2a in a similar manner to sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase 2a regulation by phospholamban and sarcolipin. These findings demonstrate that regulation of Ca 2+ -ATPases by small transmembrane peptides is a conserved and ancient strategy. Furthermore, this study highlights the possibility that there may be many undiscovered small peptides encoded within putative long noncoding RNAs that regulate important biological pathways.
Direitos humanos e discurso da imprensa. Abordagem sócio-discursiva do caso das “muertas de Juárez” (2010)

No presente trabalho se faz uma exploração sócio-semiótica ao discurso da imprensa sobre direitos humanos, para o qual se caracteriza em primeiro lugar como um espaço de fronteira. Se faz um reconto do processo mediante o qual o discurso sobre direitos humanos entrou na imprensa para resgatar seus elementos hipo-textuais. Apresenta-se um caso, o das chamadas “mortas de Juárez” ocorrido na fronteira norte mexicana (cidade de Juárez) do qual se comentam os aspectos analisados, em parte pela construção simbólica da fronteira como lugar de violação dos direitos humanos, por outra parte, as formas de caracterização do agredido-agressor no meta-relato da imprensa sobre esse acontecimento violento.
Scoring consensus of multiple ECG annotators by optimal sequence alignment (2014)

Development of ECG delineation algorithms has been an area of intense research in the field of computational cardiology for the past few decades. However, devising evaluation techniques for scoring and/or merging the results of such algorithms, both in the presence or absence of gold standards, still remains as a challenge. This is mainly due to existence of missed or erroneous determination of fiducial points in the results of different annotation algorithms. The discrepancy between different annotators increases when the reference signal includes arrhythmias or significant noise and its morphology deviates from a clean ECG signal. In this work, we propose a new approach to evaluate and compare the results of different annotators under such conditions. Specifically, we use sequence alignment techniques similar to those used in bioinformatics for the alignment of gene sequences. Our approach is based on dynamic programming where adequate mismatch penalties, depending on the type of the fiducial point and the underlying signal, are defined to optimally align the annotation sequences. We also discuss how to extend the algorithm for more than two sequences by using suitable data structures to align multiple annotation sequences with each other. Once the sequences are aligned, different heuristics are devised to evaluate the performance against a gold standard annotation, or to merge the results of multiple annotations when no gold standard exists.
Expression of the divergent tricarboxylate transport operon (tctI) of Salmonella typhimurium (1988)

Membrane-associated gene products of shock-sensitive bacterial transport operons are often difficult to detect. A 4.5-kilobase DNA fragment, known to completely encode the Salmonella typhimurium tctI operon, was cloned in both orientations behind the T7 phage promoter phi 10 and expressed by using the T7 polymerase-promoter system of Tabor and Richardson (S. Tabor and C. C. Richardson, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:1074-1078, 1985). Under these conditions, five proteins were clearly demonstrated. One DNA strand was shown to encode the periplasmic (29,000-Mr) C protein (as a 31,000-Mr precursor), a 19,000-Mr protein, and a 40,000- to 45,000-Mr protein which ran as a diffuse band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The opposite strand carried the information for two additional proteins of 29,000 and 14,000 Mr. By Tn5 mutagenesis, subcloning of Tn5 insertions, and subcloning of various deletion mutants it was shown that the tctI system is divergently transcribed. The periplasmic binding protein (C protein) is the first product of one operon, followed by the 19,000-Mr and 45,000-Mr integral inner membrane proteins. On the opposite strand only the 29,000-Mr protein was essential for tctI function, and it was found to be weakly attached to the inner membrane. Thus tctI encodes four proteins, one periplasmic, two integral, and one peripheral to the cytoplasmic membrane, with the genes arranged as tctA tctB tctC tctD.
Dietary Flavonoid and Cancer Prevention: Evidence and Potential Mechanism (1997)

Dietary flavonoids represent a family of polyphenol compounds found in common food items derived from plants. Depending on structural features, flavonoids can be further subdivided into flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, flavanes, and flavanols. The biological activities of flavonoids are structure dependent and epidemiological studies support their role in human cancer prevention. Several flavonoids inhibit cancer development in animal models of chemical and UV carcinogenesis. However, at high dose some flavonoids themselves may also increase cancer incidence. Although flavonoids have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro, the ability of flavonoids to limit cancer progression is limited in animal studies. A potential application is the possible synergisticaction of flavonoids with chemotherapy agents. Molecularly, flavonoids have antioxidant properties and can further enhance the antioxidant protein activities in cells and in animals. Isoflavones and some other flavonoids have weak affinity for the estrogen receptor. Neonatal exposure of animals to isoflavonoids affects the development of reproductive organs, an observation that opens the possibility of using isoflavonoids in the prevention of cancers of the reproductive system. Some growth-inhibiting flavonoids also bind to the low-affinity type II estrogen binding sites, but the biochemical identity of type II sites is unknown.
Controlling Gelation Time and Microgel Size for Water Shutoff (2000)

Abstract Injecting stable preformed microgels as relative permeability modifiers to reduce water production is an attractive new procedure to minimize the risk of formation plugging and consequently of inefficiency of in-depth treatments. This paper describes the mains results of theoretical and experimental investigations carried out to know how to control both size and conformation of microgels formed under constant shear flow. Since gelation kinetics strongly depends on crosslinker chemistry, Zr K-edge XANES and EXAFS studies of zirconium speciation were performed under the complex conditions of polymer gelling for water shutoff. The results show that crosslinking species may be dimers, tetramers and associations of tetramers depending on pH and Zr concentration in presence of lactate. In polymer gels, Zr monomers were observed. The generalisation of our crosslinking-under-shear theory described in this paper provides simple power laws. The microgels formed in diffusion regime are isotropic and their size decreases significantly as shear rate increases, while when formed in correction regime, they are anisotropic and their size decreases negligibly with shear rate. All experimental data are in agreement with this theory so that conclusions can be derived to optimize microgel preparation as a function of their role in the aimed application, either relative permeability modifiers for water shutoff or viscosity enhancers for polymer flooding.
Accurate phase measurements of broadband Multitone signals using a specific configuration of a Large Signal Network Analyzer (2006)

Accurate measurements of time domain waveforms at microwave frequencies are performed using the harmonic sampling principle. This principle used in the large signal network analyzer (LSNA) enables to transform a measured RF spectrum into an IF spectrum which is then digitized by ADCs. Unfortunately in this principle IF spectrum bandwidth is limited to 10MHz due to the need of high dynamic range ADCs (14bits). In this paper, we propose a new method that enables to accurately measure the phase relationships and the amplitudes of the spectral components of broadband microwave signals. Measurements of a 62MHz bandwidth multitone signal at L band have been performed and are shown. The extension of the proposed method to wider bandwidth is absolutely possible. Furthermore the application of the proposed technique to other harmonic samplers than those used in the LSNA is also possible
Coupling Reactions of CO<sub>2</sub>with Neat Epoxides Catalyzed by PPN Salts To Yield Cyclic Carbonates (2005)

The off-the-shelf reagent PPN+Cl- and PPN-manganese carbonylates [PPN]+[Mn(CO)4L]- (L = CO, PPh3) are good catalysts for the coupling reactions of CO2 with neat epoxides without the use of organic solvents to afford cyclic carbonates. PPN salts with weak nucleophilic anions such as PPN+BF4- and PPN+OTf- are, however, inactive for the coupling reactions.
A note on invariants and entanglements (2001)

The quantum entanglements are studied in terms of the invariants under local unitary transformations. A generalized formula of concurrence for $N$-dimensional quantum systems is presented. This generalized concurrence has potential applications in studying separability and calculating entanglement of formation for high dimensional mixed quantum states.
Design of Intelligent OSI Protocol Monitor (1996)

As the OSI protocols come to be widely adopted in various communication systems, the testing of OSI protocol implementations becomes important. In this testing, the interoperability testing is performed to examine the interconnectability which cannot be checked in the conformance testing. In this paper, we propose the Intelligent OSI Protocol Monitor which observes PDUs (Protocol Data Units) exchanged between OSI system and analyzes the protocol behaviors as well as the PDU format according to the protocols of OSI 7 layers. This monitor is effectively used to observe the actual communication for a long period and to detect protocol errors which cannot be detected by the conformance testing. This paper describes the detailed design of the Intelligent OSI Protocol Monitor and shows how it works for actual OSI protocols.
New insights in optimal pilot symbol patterns for OFDM systems (2013)

Nowadays, most wireless communication systems utilize coherent detection which implies the necessity of multiplexing reference symbols between data-symbols for the purpose of channel estimation. In Long Term Evolution (LTE), these reference symbols can consume up to 14.2% of the total bandwidth. In this work, we search for an optimal pilot-symbol pattern design using a post-equalization Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) framework. We show how close to optimally choose the distance between adjacent pilot-symbols and how to distribute the available power between pilot and data symbol at the same time. We confirm the performance of our analytical solution by means of simulation. Compared to a system with a fixed distance between pilot-symbol and unit power distribution, the proposed system configuration yields a gain of around 30% in terms of capacity.
Preparation of a Reservoir Type Levonorgestrel Delivery System using High Molecular Weight Poly L-Lactide (2009)

Implantable contraceptive is likely to be a promising new option for fertility control, as we have entered the twenty-first century and the world's population grows by one billion people in a single decade. The main objective of this study was to develop a subdermal implant for levonorgestrol (a synthetic progestin from 19-norandrostanes) using a high molecular weight biodegradable polymer , i.e. poly L-lactide (PLA), to combine the advantages of both biodegradable systems (i.e. no need to surgery for the removal of the system after the drug delivery period) and non-biodegradable reservoirs (zero order release kinetics). The implants were fabricated using a simple dip casting method. Results demonstrated that the drug release profile could be completely controlled by factors such as implant body weight, presence or absence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the formulation, the molecular weight of the added PEGs and their amounts, presence of osmotically active agents inside the implant , and finally the amount of loaded levonorgestrel. A constant release of levonorgestrel for at least 9 months was achieved.
Implementing Strassen's Algorithm with CUTLASS on NVIDIA Volta GPUs (2018)

Conventional GPU implementations of Strassen's algorithm (Strassen) typically rely on the existing high-performance matrix multiplication (GEMM), trading space for time. As a result, such approaches can only achieve practical speedup for relatively large, "squarish" matrices due to the extra memory overhead, and their usages are limited due to the considerable workspace. We present novel Strassen primitives for GPUs that can be composed to generate a family of Strassen algorithms. Our algorithms utilize both the memory and thread hierarchies on GPUs, reusing shared memory and register files inherited from GEMM, fusing additional operations, and avoiding extra workspace. We further exploit intra- and inter-kernel parallelism by batching, streaming, and employing atomic operations. We also develop a performance model for NVIDIA Volta GPUs to select the appropriate blocking parameters and predict the performance for GEMM and Strassen. Overall, our 1-level Strassen can achieve up to 1.11x speedup with a crossover point as small as 1,536 compared to cublasSgemm on a NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPU. With additional workspace, our 2-level Strassen can achieve 1.19x speedup with a crossover point at 7,680.
Improving Breakdown Voltage of LDMOS Using a Novel Cost Effective Design (2013)

A reduced surface field (RESURF) laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) device with the concept of charge compensation using p-implant layer (PIL) without additional process step is proposed in standard 0.18-μm technology. By simply using the p-type drift drain (PDD) implantation of p-type LDMOS into n-type LDMOS, breakdown voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> ) is substantially improved. For a thorough study of device phenomena, hydrodynamic transport simulations are first performed to analyze the electric field distributions at high voltage bias in order to explain increases in breakdown voltage and predict its optimal design parameter. Then fabrication of the devices is performed and shows that the breakdown voltages increase significantly. The measurement results show a 12% improvement in V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> and a 5% improvement in figure of merit (FOM). Throughout the fabrication process, the enlarged breakdown voltage obtained by the PIL without additional process and device area show the potential of cost effective. Because such devices have good off-state breakdown voltage and specific on-resistance, they are very competitive with similar technologies and promising system-on-chip (SOC) applications.
Methanol, ethanol and hydrogen sensing using metal oxide and metal (TiO<sub>2</sub>–Pt) composite nanoclusters on GaN nanowires: a new route towards tailoring the selectivity of nanowire/nanocluster chemical sensors (2012)

We demonstrate a new method for tailoring the selectivity of chemical sensors using semiconductor nanowires (NWs) decorated with metal and metal oxide multicomponent nanoclusters (NCs). Here we present the change of selectivity of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanocluster-coated gallium nitride (GaN) nanowire sensor devices on the addition of platinum (Pt) nanoclusters. The hybrid sensor devices were developed by fabricating two-terminal devices using individual GaN NWs followed by the deposition of TiO(2) and/or Pt nanoclusters (NCs) using the sputtering technique. This paper present the sensing characteristics of GaN/(TiO(2)-Pt) nanowire-nanocluster (NWNC) hybrids and GaN/(Pt) NWNC hybrids, and compare their selectivity with that of the previously reported GaN/TiO(2) sensors. The GaN/TiO(2) NWNC hybrids showed remarkable selectivity to benzene and related aromatic compounds, with no measurable response for other analytes. Addition of Pt NCs to GaN/TiO(2) sensors dramatically altered their sensing behavior, making them sensitive only to methanol, ethanol and hydrogen, but not to any other chemicals we tested. The GaN/(TiO(2)-Pt) hybrids were able to detect ethanol and methanol concentrations as low as 100 nmol mol(-1) (ppb) in air in approximately 100 s, and hydrogen concentrations from 1 µmol mol(-1) (ppm) to 1% in nitrogen in less than 60 s. However, GaN/Pt NWNC hybrids showed limited sensitivity only towards hydrogen and not towards any alcohols. All these hybrid sensors worked at room temperature and are photomodulated, i.e. they responded to analytes only in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light. We propose a qualitative explanation based on the heat of adsorption, ionization energy and solvent polarity to explain the observed selectivity of the different hybrids. These results are significant from the standpoint of applications requiring room-temperature hydrogen sensing and sensitive alcohol monitoring. These results demonstrate the tremendous potential for tailoring the selectivity of the hybrid nanosensors for a multitude of environmental and industrial sensing applications.
Plants as a source of antimalarial drugs 5. Activities of <i>Ailanthus altissima</i> stem constituents and of some related quassinoids (1987)

Abstract Extracts from Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Simaroubaceae have been tested for activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and against P. berghei infections in mice. The activity of the chloroformic extract in vitro (IC 50 5 μg ml‐1) and in vivo (ED 50 82.94 mg kg −1 d −1 after oral administration) is due principally to the presence of the quassinoid ailanthone (IC 50 in vitro 0.015μg ml −1 ED 50 in vivo 0.76 mg kg −1 d −1 ). The constituent alkaloids canthin‐6‐one and 1‐methoxycanthin‐6‐one are inactive in vitro . The in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities of five related quassinoids, viz., ailanthinone, chaparrin, glaucarubol, glaucarubin, glaucarubinone are also reported.
Failure Diagnosis for Distributed Systems using Targeted Fault Injection (2016)

This paper introduces a novel approach to automating failure diagnostics in distributed systems by combining fault injection and data analytics. We use fault injection to populate the database of failures for a target distributed system. When a failure is reported from production environment, the database is queried to find “matched” failures generated by fault injections. Relying on the assumption that similar faults generate similar failures, we use information from the matched failures as hints to locate the actual root cause of the reported failures. In order to implement this approach, we introduce techniques for (i) reconstructing end-to-end execution flows of distributed software components, (ii) computing the similarity of the reconstructed flows, and (iii) performing precise fault injection at pre-specified executing points in distributed systems. We have evaluated our approach using an OpenStack cloud platform, a popular cloud infrastructure management system. Our experimental results showed that this approach is effective in determining the root causes, e.g., fault types and affected components, for 71-100 percent of tested failures. Furthermore, it can provide fault locations close to actual ones and can easily be used to find and fix actual root causes. We have also validated this technique by localizing real bugs that occurred in OpenStack.
Interactive multiple anisotropic scattering in clouds (2008)

We propose an algorithm for the real time realistic simulation of multiple anisotropic scattering of light in a volume. Contrary to previous real-time methods we account for all kinds of light paths through the medium and preserve their anisotropic behavior.
A new<i>FEFF</i>-based wavelet for EXAFS data analysis (2007)

A new mother wavelet function for extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) data analysis has been designed, combining a model EXAFS function derived from the ab initio EXAFS code FEFF8.20 and the complex Morlet wavelet. This new FEFF-Morlet mother wavelet routine allows the generation of wavelets well adapted to specific EXAFS problems. A substantial gain in resolution of the wavelet ridges in k and r space is achieved. The method is applied to a structural problem of Zn-Al double-layer hydroxides, demonstrating unequivocally the homogeneity of the metal cation distribution in the hydroxide layers.
Polarization-insensitive planar lightwave circuit dual-rate Mach-Zehnder delay-interferometer (2006)

We demonstrate a silica waveguide Mach-Zehnder delay-interferometer that uses integrated switches to demodulate either 10- or 40-Gb/s differential phase-shift keyed signals. We achieved polarization insensitivity by using a half-wave plate and reducing polarization crosstalk in the couplers
ChemInform Abstract: HOFMANN DEGRADATION OF β‐HYDROXY AMMONIUM SALTS. α‐ AND β‐HYDROXYLAUDANOSINE, 7‐HYDROXYGLAUCINE, AND 13‐HYDROXYXYLOPININE (1983)

Abstract Der Hofmannsche Abbau verschiedener β‐Hydroxyammonium‐methoiodide in der Reihe der Laudanosine, Glaueine bzw. Xylopinine wird diskutiert.
Stereotactic Evacuation of Large Intracerebral Hematoma (1980)

Despite the declining incidence of strokes, statistics regarding intracerebral hemorrhage indicate a relatively stable incidence in this form of cerebral insult over the past 20 years. Intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10% of all strokes, and is fatal to 50-60% of its victims. Until the advent of computer-assisted tomography, surgical intervention offered little benefit to patients suffering primary hemorrhage within the deep gray structures of the cerebral hemispheres. Technical advances in both diagnostic and therapeutic instrumentation now permit stereotactic subtotal evacuation of deep intracerebral hematomas.
A two-level cosimulation environment (1997)

Hardware/software codesign seeks to integrate system level, hardware, and software design. Ideally, we would like tools that allow rapid evaluation of design decisions and a full exploration of the design space. Available tools are often too slow and concentrate on the low level cosimulation of hardware and software parts, after the design has been partitioned. We are attempting to remedy these problems with Tosca (Tools for System Codesign Automation), a hardware/software codesign environment. Targeted at single chip implementations consisting of a CPU core cell and dedicated hardware, Tosca performs a high level cosimulation for what-if analyses before hardware/software cosynthesis. After cosynthesis, Tosca generates simulatable software to be run on a retargetable instruction level model of the CPU. The software and hardware bound parts are then cosimulated using a commercial VHDL simulator. The performance of the low level cosimulation strategy and the high level simulator is remarkable. Low level cosimulation performance is about that of dedicated CPU software emulators-7200 pseudo assembly instructions per second. High level cosimulation is three times faster than the low level cosimulation. Both simulators allow functional debugging by interfacing to a commercial waveform visualizer (Mentor Graphics SimView). Engineers have used Tosca to redesign a commercial link controller.