gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A very early induction of major vault protein accompanied by increased drug resistance in U‐937 cells (2001)

U-937 human leukemia cells were selected for resistance to doxorubicin in the presence or absence of a specific drug modulator that inhibits the activity of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), encoded by the multidrug-resistance gene (MDR1). Parental cells expressed low basal levels of the multidrug-resistance-associated gene (MRP1) and major vault protein (MVP) mRNAs and no MDR1 mRNA. Two doxorubicin-resistant cell lines were selected. Both drug-resistant cell lines upregulated the MVP mRNA level 1.5-fold within 1 cell passage. The MVP mRNA level continued to increase over time as the doxorubicin selection pressure was increased. MVP protein levels generally paralleled the mRNA levels. The 2 high molecular weight vault protein mRNAs were always expressed at constitutive levels. Fully formed vault particles consisting of the MVP, the 2 high molecular weight proteins and the vault RNA assembled and accumulated to increased levels in drug-selected cells. MVP induction is therefore the rate-limiting step for vault particle formation in U-937 cells. By passage 25 and thereafter, the selected cells were resistant to doxorubicin, etoposide, mitoxantrone and 5-fluorouracil by a pathway that was independent of MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 and breast cancer resistance protein. In summary, U-937 doxorubicin-selected cells are programmed to rapidly upregulate MVP mRNA levels, to accumulate vault particles and to become multidrug resistant.
Optical-fiber system with distributed access (1980)

This paper gives an overview about the development and the state of art in loop systems with distributed access and decentralized exchange. Emphasis is given to the application of optical transmission systems. Recent results about feasibility, economical aspect, reliability and system structures are reported. It is shown, that optical-fiber systems and the progress in very large scale integration of semiconductors will enable to realize economical systems with distributed access and high performance.
Isolation of infectious Zika virus from saliva and prolonged viral RNA shedding in a traveller returning from the Dominican Republic to Italy, January 2016 (2016)

We report the isolation of infectious Zika virus (ZIKV) in cell culture from the saliva of a patient who developed a febrile illness after returning from the Dominican Republic to Italy, in January 2016. The patient had prolonged shedding of viral RNA in saliva and urine, at higher load than in blood, for up to 29 days after symptom onset. Sequencing of ZIKV genome showed relatedness with strains from Latin America.
DPSNet: End-to-end Deep Plane Sweep Stereo (2019)

Multiview stereo aims to reconstruct scene depth from images acquired by a camera under arbitrary motion. Recent methods address this problem through deep learning, which can utilize semantic cues to deal with challenges such as textureless and reflective regions. In this paper, we present a convolutional neural network called DPSNet (Deep Plane Sweep Network) whose design is inspired by best practices of traditional geometry-based approaches for dense depth reconstruction. Rather than directly estimating depth and/or optical flow correspondence from image pairs as done in many previous deep learning methods, DPSNet takes a plane sweep approach that involves building a cost volume from deep features using the plane sweep algorithm, regularizing the cost volume via a context-aware cost aggregation, and regressing the dense depth map from the cost volume. The cost volume is constructed using a differentiable warping process that allows for end-to-end training of the network. Through the effective incorporation of conventional multiview stereo concepts within a deep learning framework, DPSNet achieves state-of-the-art reconstruction results on a variety of challenging datasets.
The Feasibility of Interference Alignment Over Measured MIMO-OFDM Channels (2010)

Interference alignment (IA) has been shown to achieve the maximum achievable degrees of freedom in the interference channel. This results in sum rate scaling linearly with the number of users in the high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime. Linear scaling is achieved by precoding the transmitted signals to align interference subspaces at the receivers given channel knowledge of all transmit-receive pairs, effectively reducing the number of discernible interferers. The theory of IA was derived under assumptions about the richness of scattering in the propagation channel; practical channels do not guarantee such ideal characteristics. This paper presents the first experimental study of IA in measured multiple-input-multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) interference channels. Our measurement campaign includes a variety of indoor and outdoor measurement scenarios at The University of Texas at Austin. We show that IA achieves the claimed scaling factors, or degrees of freedom, in several measured channel settings for a three-user two-antenna-per-node setup. In addition to verifying the claimed performance, we characterize the effect of Kronecker spatial correlation on sum rate and present two other correlation measures, which we show to be more tightly related to the achieved sum rate.
Giant synaptic potentials in immature rat CA3 hippocampal neurones. (1989)

1. Intracellular recordings were made from rat CA3 hippocampal neurones in vitro during the first eighteen days of postnatal life. The cells had resting membrane potentials more negative than -51 mV, action potentials greater than 55 mV and membrane input resistances of 117 +/- 12 M omega. An unusual characteristic of these cells was the presence of spontaneous giant depolarizing potentials (GDPs) which were observed during the first eight postnatal (P) days in over 85% of neurones. They were less frequent between P9 and P12 (48%) and disappeared after P12. 2. The GDPs were synchronously generated by a population of neurones; they reversed polarity at -27 mV when recorded with KCl-containing electrodes and at -51 mV with potassium acetate- or potassium methylsulphate-filled electrodes. 3. The GDPs were blocked by bath application of bicuculline (10 microM) or picrotoxin (100-200 microM). Exogenously applied gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA; 0.2-1 mM) induced at resting membrane potential a bicuculline-sensitive membrane depolarization which reversed polarity at -25 and -51 mV when recorded with KCl- or potassium methylsulphate-filled electrodes respectively. 4. The GDPs were reduced in frequency or blocked by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists DL-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoate (AP-7; 50 microM), D(-)2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (AP-5, 10-50 microM) and (+-)3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP, 10-50 microM) or NMDA channel blockers phencyclidine (2 microM) and ketamine (20 microM). 5. Stimulation of the hilus during the first week of life evoked a GDP followed by a hyperpolarization. The GDPs were generated by a population of synchronized neurones and reversed polarity at -27 mV with KCl-filled electrodes and at -52 mV with potassium acetate- or potassium methylsulphate-containing electrodes. 6. Bath application of bicuculline (1-10 microM) or picrotoxin (100-200 microM) reversibly blocked the evoked GDPs in the majority of cells. The NMDA receptor antagonists AP-5 (50 microM), AP-7 (50 microM) and CPP (30 microM) usually reduced the amplitude and the duration of the evoked GDPs. In neurones in which evoked GDPs were blocked by bicuculline, a NMDA-mediated component was revealed by increasing the strength or the frequency of stimulation. 7. During the second week of postnatal life, when spontaneous GDPs were extremely rare or absent, superfusion with bicuculline (10 microM) induced, as in adult slices, interictal discharges. These reversed polarity near 0 mV with KCl- or potassium acetate-containing electrodes and were reduced in amplitude and duration by AP-5 (50 microM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Web-based energy information systems for energy management and demand response in commercial buildings (2003)

Energy Information Systems (EIS) for buildings are becoming widespread in the U.S., with more companies offering EIS products every year. As a result, customers are often overwhelmed by the quickly expanding portfolio of EIS feature and application options, which have not been clearly identified for consumers. The object of this report is to provide a technical overview of currently available EIS products. In particular, this report focuses on web-based EIS products for large commercial buildings, which allow data access and control capabilities over the Internet. EIS products combine software, data acquisition hardware, and communication systems to collect, analyze and display building information to aid commercial building energy managers, facility managers, financial managers and electric utilities in reducing energy use and costs in buildings. Data types commonly processed by EIS include energy consumption data; building characteristics; building system data, such as heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) and lighting data; weather data; energy price signals; and energy demand-response event information. This project involved an extensive review of research and trade literature to understand the motivation for EIS technology development. This study also gathered information on currently commercialized EIS. This review is not an exhaustive analysis of all EIS products; rather, it is a technical framework and review of current products on the market. This report summarizes key features available in today's EIS, along with a categorization framework to understand the relationship between EIS, Energy Management and Control Systems (EMCSs), and similar technologies. Four EIS types are described: Basic Energy Information Systems (Basic-EIS); Demand Response Systems (DRS); Enterprise Energy Management (EEM); and Web-based Energy Management and Control Systems (Web-EMCS). Within the context of these four categories, the following characteristics of EIS are discussed: Metering and Connectivity; Visualization and Analysis Features; Demand Response Features; and Remote Control Features. This report also describes the following technologies and the potential benefits of incorporating them into future EIS products: Benchmarking; Load Shape Analysis; Fault Detection and Diagnostics; and Savings Analysis.
Treatment of obesity. (1992)

Current treatment of obesity seems to be focused mainly on the success of losing body weight, which can be achieved, in order of increasingly drastic manoeuvres: by simple nutritional advice; professional follow-up of a negative energy balance; drugs with effects on appetite regulation, energy absorption or expenditure; total seclusion with control of every administered calorie; surgical intervention; or even jaw-wiring. The only treatment of this sort that has been convincingly shown to have long-lasting effects is surgical intervention in the gastrointestinal tract, but this can only be accepted for use in severe cases. Thus, the problem of treatment of moderate obesity is to find an effective therapeutic modality which iss efficient in maintaining a reduced weight. Obesity treatment also seems to have focused too much on the mass of excess body fat, which is not necessarily an indicator of the medical hazards of the condition. It is important to realize that the risk factor clusters following obesity are often efficiently treated by successful reduction of the obese condition. Instead of specific treatment of each of these complications by, for example, multi-pharmacological therapy, a sufficiently efficient obesity treatment would be a preferable substitute. This goal may, if necessary, be achieved by treatment with a single drug with a useful therapeutic profile, including efficiency in the long-term to prevent relapse. Chronic treatment might then be considered acceptable in the same way as chronic pharmacological treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, for example. No drug has as yet proven to have these characteristics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gold Nanocomposite Contact Lenses for Color Blindness Management (2021)

Color vision deficiency (CVD) is an ocular congenital disorder that affects 8% of males and 0.5% of females. The most prevalent form of color vision deficiency (color blindness) affects protans and deutans and is more commonly known as "red-green color blindness". Since there is no cure for this disorder, CVD patients opt for wearables that aid in enhancing their color perception. The most common wearable used by CVD patients is a form of tinted glass/lens. Those glasses filter out the problematic wavelengths (540-580 nm) for the red-green CVD patients using organic dyes. However, few studies have addressed the fabrication of contact lenses for color vision deficiency, and several problems related to their effectiveness and toxicity were reported. In this study, gold nanoparticles are integrated into contact lens material, thus forming nanocomposite contact lenses targeted for red-green CVD application. Three distinct sets of nanoparticles were characterized and incorporated with the hydrogel material of the lenses (pHEMA), and their resulting optical and material properties were assessed. The transmission spectra of the developed nanocomposite lenses were analogous to those of the commercial CVD wearables, and their water retention and wettability capabilities were superior to those in some of the commercially available contact lenses used for cosmetic/vision correction purposes. Hence, this work demonstrates the potential of gold nanocomposite lenses in CVD management and, more generally, color filtering applications.
Serologic reactivity in consecutive patients admitted to a general hospital. A comparison of the FTA-ABS, VDRL, and automated reagin tests (1969)

Treponemal (fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption [FTA-ABS]) and nontreponemal (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory [VDRL] and automated reagin) tests were performed on patients consecutively admitted to a general hospital. The FTA-ABS test was reactive in 16.8% of the patients compared with a 9.5% reactivity rate for the VDRL test. A history of treated or untreated syphilis was obtained in 73 of 78 patients with a reactive FTA-ABS test; in the 5 remaining patients, the diagnosis of syphilis could not definitely be established. An additional 40 (8.6%) patients demonstrated borderline reactivity in the FTA-ABS test. Of these, eight were found to have had syphilis. In the present study, the FTA-ABS test was reactive more often than either the VDRL or the automated reagin tests; however, both the nontreponemal and treponemal tests were reactive in three patients who had previously undetected, untreated syphilis. The results of this study suggest that syphilis should be considered more
Framework for Mobile Marketing (2011)

This chapter suggests that mobile marketing research take an Interaction Design approach through the adoption of the Locales Framework as an alternative perspective to investigate the context of mobile marketing. The research shows how such an approach can integrate marketing and new technology research, highlighting the issues and opportunities brought about by the technology within a domain context, i.e. mobile marketing. Given that there are not many theoretically based frameworks available to support mobile marketing research, the application of this framework provides a roadmap for future research in mobile marketing and helps build the body of knowledge in this field.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Development of a multi-linked tracked jack robot (2014)

This paper reports the development of a new jack robot. The jack robot consists of two crawler vehicles connected by 3-DOF joint mechanism which is capable of posture change, constructing a thin structure to enable it to enter narrow space, as well as high mobility in disaster sites and adaptability to irregular terrain. An electric jack mechanism and a multi-DOF manipulator are equipped in the front segment of the jack robot to accomplish jack-up operations. Adopted multiple layers screw sleeves structure, the jack mechanism can spread to the place which is almost six times the height of its own, making it possible to lift a gap up from 70 mm to 400 mm under 300 kg load driven by DC motor. With the help of the multi-DOF manipulator, precise operations to the jack mechanism can be realized. Experimental results of driving test and jack-up test validate the capability of the multi-linked tracked jack robot.
A SIMPLE THERMOBALANCE FOR STUDIES OVER A PRESSURE RANGE OF 0 TO 60 ATMOSPHERES (1962)

A design is presented for a thermogravity balance usable to a pressure of 1000 p.s.i. The mass sensitive element is a tool steel cantilever rod, the displacement of which is measured by a linear variable differential transformer. Thermograms for the pyrolysis of calcium oxalate, chromium (VI) oxide, and Mohr's salt are included to show typical performances.
O que é o e para o computador? (2022)

Como é que o computador ou a máquina de calcular nos fornecem o valor de e ? E de e0 , 1? A mesma questão pode ser colocada para o valor de outras funções num ponto: por exemplo, sin, cos e log. Se se pensar que um computador trabalha apenas com as operações elementares “+”, “—”, “×” e “/”, então o cálculo deve passar por exprimir a função exponencial em termos destas operações.
The sodium channel from rat brain. Separation and characterization of subunits. (1985)

Procedures are described for separation of the alpha, beta 1, and beta 2 subunits of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel from rat brain by gel filtration in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) before and after reduction of intersubunit disulfide bonds or by preparative SDS-gel electrophoresis. Partial proteolytic maps of the SDS-denatured subunits indicate that they are nonidentical polypeptides. They are all heavily glycosylated and contain complex carbohydrate chains that bind wheat germ agglutinin. The apparent molecular weights of the separated subunits were estimated by gradient SDS-gel electrophoresis, by Ferguson analysis of migration in SDS gels of fixed acrylamide concentration, or by gel filtration in SDS or guanidine hydrochloride. For the alpha subunit, SDS-gel electrophoresis under various conditions gives an average Mr of 260,000. Gel filtration methods give anomalously low values. Removal of carbohydrate by sequential treatment with neuraminidase and endoglycosidase F results in a sharp protein band with apparent Mr = 220,000, suggesting that 15% of the mass of the native alpha subunit is carbohydrate. Electrophoretic and gel filtration methods yield consistent molecular weight estimates for the beta subunits. The average values are: beta 1, Mr = 36,000, and beta 2, Mr = 33,000. Deglycosylation by treatment with endoglycosidase F, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, or HF yields sharp protein bands with apparent Mr = 23,000 and 21,000 for the beta 1 and beta 2 subunits, respectively, suggesting that 36% of the mass of the native beta 1 and beta 2 subunits is carbohydrate.
Catheter Ablation with Radiofrequency Energy: Biophysical Aspects and Clinical Applications (1992)

Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation. Radiofrequency catheter ablation techniques are becoming increasingly accepted as the therapy of choice for selected patients with symptomatic arrhythmias. The ability to titrate the power output using radiofrequency current has allowed these ablative techniques to be applied safely in a variety of arrhythmias. In many institutions, radiofrequency catheter ablation has now become standard therapy for controlling medically refractory atrial arrhythmias using atrioventricular (AV) junction ablation and for curing AV nodal reentrant tachycardia and supra ventricular tachycardia due to accessory AV connections. This technology is also being used to treat some forms of ventricular tachycardia such as bundle branch reentry ventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia in structurally normal hearts, and with limited success in patients with ventricular tachycardia and coronary artery disease. Advancements in catheter design and energy delivery systems may further expand the use of this form of therapy. ( J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 3, pp. 173–186, April 1992 )
Atomistic simulations of complex materials: ground-state and excited-state properties (2002)

The present status of development of the density-functional-based tight-binding (DFTB) method is reviewed. As a two-centre approach to density-functional theory (DFT), it combines computational efficiency with reliability and transferability. Utilizing a minimal-basis representation of Kohn-Sham eigenstates and a superposition of optimized neutral-atom potentials and related charge densities for constructing the effective many-atom potential, all integrals are calculated within DFT. Self-consistency is included at the level of Mulliken charges rather than by self-consistently iterating electronic spin densities and effective potentials. Excited-state properties are accessible within the linear response approach to time-dependent (TD) DFT. The coupling of electronic and ionic degrees of freedom further allows us to follow the non-adiabatic structure evolution via coupled electron-ion molecular dynamics in energetic particle collisions and in the presence of ultrashort intense laser pulses. We either briefly outline or give references describing examples of applications to ground-state and excited-state properties. Addressing the scaling problems in size and time generally and for biomolecular systems in particular, we describe the implementation of the parallel `divide-and-conquer' order-N method with DFTB and the coupling of the DFTB approach as a quantum method with molecular mechanics force fields.
Effect of a Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus-Derived Protein Vaccine on Primary Tumor Development in Mice 2 (1978)

The vaccines used in this study were derived from purified murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) preparations. Approximately 60% of the protein fractions consisted of the major viral membrane glycoprotein gp52. Inoculation sc of 10 microgram MuMTV-S-derived vaccine significantly delayed the appearance of primary mammary tumors in GR and BALB/cfC3H mice (strains with high incidences of mammary cancer); in BALB/c and C3Hf mice, which have a moderate tumor incidence at an advanced age, this treatment resulted in a slight and substantial acceleration, respectively, of primary tumor development. The induced cellular immune reactivity for vaccination, as measured with the in vivo Winn test and the in vitro leukocyte adherence inhibition assay, was strongest in the GR strain as compared to the BALB/c strain. The titer of antibodies to tumor cells, as estimated by membrane immunofluorescence, was also higher in the GR strain. In BALB/cfC3H mice, the influence of different vaccination schemes with an MuMTV-O-derived protein vaccine on primary tumor development was studied. Before sc injection, the vaccine was precipitated on alum. A dose of 10 microgram vaccine resulted in a 61% decrease in tumor incidence. Two or five additional booster injections with 1 microgram protein vaccine had no beneficial effect, although the amount of antibody measured was increased after boosting.
Mining web query logs to analyze political issues (2012)

We present a novel approach to using anonymized web search query logs to analyze and visualize political issues. Our starting point is a list of politically annotated blogs (left vs. right). We use this list to assign a numerical political leaning to queries leading to clicks on these blogs. Furthermore, we map queries to Wikipedia articles and to fact-checked statements from politifact.com, as well as applying sentiment analysis to search results. With this rich, multi-faceted data set we obtain novel graphical visualizations of issues and discover connections between the different variables.