gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The evolution of interplanetary shocks (1985)

Unambiguous identification of the solar events associated with 48 interplanetary (IP) shocks has been facilitated by the observation of radio emission generated by the shocks. This identification makes possible an investigation of the way in which these shocks evolve and of the relationship between solar event “strength” and shock velocity. All but two of the 48 solar events associated with IP type II radio emission included long‐duration soft X‐ray events (LDE's). In addition, it is shown that all intense LDE's are associated with IP shocks. A weak correlation between the integral flux of soft X rays and the average velocity of the associated shock is suggested. However, for two events all the usual flare signatures were absent, and the events are associated with the disappearance of solar filaments. It is shown that the shocks propagate isotropically over about 50° from the source site. Beyond 50° the shocks weaken particularly on their eastern flanks. As a consequence, shocks originating on the west limb cannot reach the earth. IP type II radio emission is dependent on shock velocity with faster shocks producing more intense emission. The study shows that radio intensities provide information about the evolution of IP shocks.
Caring for early‐onset dementia with excessive wandering of over 30 kilometres per day: a case report (2014)

Excessive wandering in people in dementia is associated with a severe care burden. However, the quantification of excessive wandering has not been described, and its cause and treatment have not been evaluated with objective measurements to date. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pharmacological treatments and non-pharmacological interventions to reduce excessive wandering in an early-onset Alzheimer disease patient with objective indicators. Wandering was quantified using an integrated circuit monitoring system that measured the distance moved and the location of the patient. Monitoring was conducted in the dementia ward of a general hospital in 2012. Sleep quality was measured by non-wear actigraphy. The study was approved by the ethics committees of the Osaka University School of Allied Health Science, and of the study hospital. The case involved a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer disease and hospitalized in 2012 because of irritability and agitation; her Mini-Mental State Examination score was 5/30 and her Clinical Dementia Rating score was 3. When olanzapine (2.5 mg) was prescribed, she developed insomnia, and her wandering movements increased from 10 to 20 km/day. On some days, it exceeded 30 km/day, and she walked most of the night. She did not experience weight loss or physical exhaustion, but she sustained a minor injury in her left sole. Olanzapine was increased to 7.5 mg, but these problems persisted. Nursing staff discovered triggers for wandering and insomnia, including high sensitivity to odour and noise in the living room or her room. When the environment was changed to meet her needs, the distance moved per day decreased to <15 km and the sleep disturbances disappeared. This case demonstrated the difficulty in assessing the degree of ambulation and sleep disorder. Objective indicators are essential in evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.
Review of Synthetic Studies toward CC-1065, PDE-I, and PDE-II (1987)

H OMe PDE-II(3)The remarkable potency and unique srmcture of CC-1065 have initiated considerable effort toward the syntheses of the individual units A, B and C. and these include the syntheses of phosphodiesterase inhibitors PDE-I (2)and PDE-U (3),5.6.7 essentially the B and C units which have significant action in cyclic adenosine-3', 5'-monophosphate (c-AMP) regulation.This review covers the synthetic effons directed towards these unique compounds up to the end of April 1986. Syntheses ofa. WIERENGA'S SYNTHESIS Soon after its isolation at Upjohn, Wierenga, who is also from the same company, reported the first synthesis of a CC-1065 segment.6aIn terms of strategy, the synthesis is similar to Umezawa's synthesis of PDE-I and PDE-11.The author begins with a functionalized benzene ring onto which is grafted first the indoline portion, then the indole ring.The synthesis.shown in Scheme 1, is noteworthy in a number of ways, including the clever formation of the substituted indoline and its subsequent functionalization to the tricyclic indole using Gassman's oxindole procedure?~9Most importang the synthesis established the feasibility of carrying out aWinstein Ar3 type of cyclization to give the cyclopropaneconjugated dienone moiety found in unit A. 10Wierenga's synthesis began with 4-chloro-3-nitroanisole 4, which was transformed to the aryl malonate 5 by means of a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction.Reduction to the diol followed by mesylation gave the bismesylate 6. Subsequent reduction of the nitro group in the presence of triethylamine also effected cyclization to give the unstable indoline 7. The nucleophilic indoline nitrogen was blocked and the 0-mesylate was displaced with an acetate.Nitration of the resulting acetate 8 proceeded regioselectively and gave, after catalytic
Generators that won`t wear out (1996)

Stirling power generators typically offer much higher conversion efficiencies than direct energy-conversion systems, such as thermoelectric and photovoltaic ones, but their life and reliability are generally considered inferior to those of direct conversion systems. New design approaches to free-piston Stirling generator sets, however, avoid all rubbing parts and generate no wear. Such engines have demonstrated tens of thousands of hours of maintenance-free, degradation-free operation, combining the efficiency of dynamic systems with the reliability of static systems. These technologies are used in the RemoteGen systems from Stirling Technology Co. (STC) in Kennewick, Wash., including a 10-watt RG-10, a 350-watt RG-350, and a 3-kilowatt RG-3000. They all use the same basic configuration, with flexure bearings, clearance seals, and moving-iron linear alternators. The third-generation RG-10 has entered limited production with a radioisotope-fueled version, and a niche market for a propane-fueled version has been identified. The RG-3000 is approaching a laboratory demonstration stage. The company has decided to focus on the commercial production of the RG-350.
The Influence of Electric Field and Confinement on Cell Motility (2013)

The ability of cells to sense and respond to endogenous electric fields is important in processes such as wound healing, development, and nerve regeneration. In cell culture, many epithelial and endothelial cell types respond to an electric field of magnitude similar to endogenous electric fields by moving preferentially either parallel or antiparallel to the field vector, a process known as galvanotaxis. Here we report on the influence of dc electric field and confinement on the motility of fibroblast cells using a chip-based platform. From analysis of cell paths we show that the influence of electric field on motility is much more complex than simply imposing a directional bias towards the cathode or anode. The cell velocity, directedness, as well as the parallel and perpendicular components of the segments along the cell path are dependent on the magnitude of the electric field. Forces in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the electric field are in competition with one another in a voltage-dependent manner, which ultimately govern the trajectories of the cells in the presence of an electric field. To further investigate the effects of cell reorientation in the presence of a field, cells are confined within microchannels to physically prohibit the alignment seen in 2D environment. Interestingly, we found that confinement results in an increase in cell velocity both in the absence and presence of an electric field compared to migration in 2D.
Implicit Queries for Email. (2005)

This study compared changes in indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors among the exercises consisting of different number of eccentric actions. Sixty male athletes were placed into one of the six groups (n=10 per group) based on the number of eccentric actions for the first (ECC1) and second exercise bouts (ECC2). Single bout groups (30, 50, and 70) performed ECC1 only, and repeated bout groups (30-30, 50-50, and 70-70) performed ECC2 3 days after ECC1. Another 10 male athletes performed different number of eccentric actions for ECC1 (30) and ECC2 (70) separated by 3 days (30-70). Changes in maximal isometric strength (MVC), range of motion (ROM), upper arm circumference (CIR), serum creatine kinase activity, myoglobin, and nitric oxide concentrations and muscle soreness for 10 days following ECC1 were compared among groups by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Changes in MVC, ROM, and CIR following ECC1 were significantly (P<0.05) smaller for the groups that performed 30 eccentric actions compared with other groups. No significant differences between 30 and 30-30, 50 and 50-50, and 70 and 70-70 were evident for the changes in the measures for 10 days following ECC1 except for the acute decreases in MVC and ROM immediately after ECC2 for the repeated bout groups. The 30-30 and 30-70 groups showed similar changes in all criterion measures. It is concluded that recovery from eccentric exercise is not retarded by the second bout of eccentric exercise regardless of the number of eccentric actions.
A Partial Least Squares Regression-Based Fusion Model for Predicting the Trend in Drowsiness (2008)

This paper proposes a new technique of modeling driver drowsiness with multiple eyelid movement features based on an information fusion technique - partial least squares regression (PLSR), with which to cope with the problem of strong collinear relations among eyelid movement features and, thus, predicting the tendency of the drowsiness. With a set of electro- oculogram signals measured in an experiment conducted in Sweden, 14 typical eyelid movement features are first extracted. Then, statistical analyses from 20 subjects indicate that the eyelid movement parameters can characterize a driver's degree of drowsiness. The intrinsic quantitative relationships between eyelid movement features and driver drowsiness degree are modeled by PLSR analysis. The developed model provides a framework for integrating multiple sleepiness features together and defining the contribution of each feature to the decision and prediction result. The predictive precision and robustness of the model thus established are validated, which show that it provides a novel way of fusing multifeatures together for enhancing our capability of detecting and predicting the state of drowsiness.
GNet: A Peer-to-Peer Protocol for Internet Scale Location-Based Applications (2006)

In this paper, we present design and evaluation of GNet, a peer-to-peer (P2P) protocol that is well suited to support wide area location-based service. The GNet protocol uses hierarchical geographic address as identifier of Internet-connected nodes. By combining domain-progressive routing mechanism like plaxton mesh with geographical domain hierarchy, this P2P protocol has the advantages of efficient routing, locality preserving and load balancing etc. In particular, it will benefit Internet scale location-aware applications by supporting position-based, proximity-based and especially geographically scoped operations.
TREATMENT OF MIGRAINE WITH ISOMETHEPTENE, ACETAMINOPHEN, AND DICHLORALPHENAZONE COMBINATION: A DOUBLE‐BLIND, CROSSOVER TRIAL (1976)

SYNOPSIS Forty female and 16 male adult migraineurs were subjects in a double‐blind, three‐way crossover trial to compare the effectiveness and safety of isometheptene mucate, acetaminophen, and dichloralphenazone combination (Midrin) with that of acetaminophen alone and of placebo. Forty‐three patients had common migraine and 13 had classic migraine. Each subject and the investigator evaluated the effectiveness of medication in 6 headache episodes (two replications of each test medication); subjects also rated peak headache severity for each of the six episodes. For subjects' evaluations of relief and headache severity and investigator's assessments of relief, the isometheptene combination proved superior (P<0.05). The least number of capsules was taken during episodes for which the isometheptene combination was the test medication. Other known headache medications were also taken least during isometheptene combination tests. This suggests greater effectiveness of isometheptene combination therapy. Nausea and vomiting occurred in association with ten isometheptene combination, 7 acetaminophen and 18 placebo episodes. Other untoward effects of test meditation were mild and reversible and were also frequently associated with placebo medication.
[Pharmacokinetic studies of the propolis constituent pinocembrin in the rat (author's transl)]. (1979)

The present investigation into the pharmacokinetic behaviour of the propolis constituent pinocembrin which produces a relatively good antimicrobial effect in vitro, points to possible causes of its therapeutical failure when mice infected with Candida albicans were used as a model. The biological half-life periods for the phases of invasion and elimination were 26 and 268 min, respectively. The biological availability was 25%. Almost 15% of pinocembrin are excreted unchanged in faeces and urine. Even in case of oral application of doses of up to 500 mg/kg, the serum pinocembrin concentrations did not equal the MIC (minimal inhibitor concentration) values required in vitro. A considerable first-pass effect and accelerated processes of elimination are discussed as possible causes. It appears from the present findings that pinocembrin may be utilizable only for the external treatment of stomatomycoses.
Java paradigms for mobile agent facilities (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Java paradigms for mobile agent facilities Authors: Neelakantan Sundaresan View Profile , Vinay Rajagopalan View Profile Authors Info & Claims OOPSLA '97: Addendum to the 1997 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications (Addendum)January 1997Pages 133–135https://doi.org/10.1145/274567.274595Published:01 January 1997Publication History 0citation509DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads509Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
[Hormonal regulation of the process of ovum implantation]. (1971)

Literature is reviewed in which the role of hormones, particularly progesterone and estrogens, and their interaction in the development of contraceptive changes in the uterus and in the regulation of the process of ovicellular implantation is emphasized. Emphasis is placed on hormonal insufficiency in the emergence of experimental and natural blockage of implantation and of asynchronic implantation. It is shown that ovicellular implantation is not automatic or a process divorced from its external environment. The role of several exogenous irritations in the blockade of implantation is examined.
Effects of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Antibodies in Adults With Hypercholesterolemia (2015)

CRC 1116 Masterswitches in Myocardial Ischemia, German Research Council DFG.
Temporal and regional changes in DNA methylation in the embryonic, extraembryonic and germ cell lineages during mouse embryo development (1987)

This paper shows stage- and tissue-specific global demethylation and remethylation occurring during embryonic development. The egg genome is strikingly undermethylated and the sperm genome relatively methylated. Following a loss of genomic methylation during preimplantation development, embryonic and extraembryonic lineages are progressively and independently methylated to different final extents. Methylation continues postgastrulation and hence could be a mechanism initiating, or confirming, differential programming in the definitive germ layers. It is proposed that much of the methylation observed in somatic tissues acts to stabilize and reinforce prior events that regulate the activity of specific genes, chromosome domains or the X chromosome (in females). Fetal germ cell DNA is markedly undermethylated and we favour the idea that the germ lineage is set aside before the occurrence of extensive methylation of DNA in fetal precursor cells.
Frontal vitrification of PDMS using air plasma and consequences for surface wrinkling (2015)

We study the surface oxidation of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by air plasma exposure and its implications for the mechanically-induced surface wrinkling of the resulting glass-elastomer bilayers. The effect of plasma frequency (kHz and MHz), oxygen content (from O2 to air), pressure (0.5 ≤ P ≤ 1.5 mbar), as well as exposure time and power, is quantified in terms of the resulting glassy skin thickness h, inferred from wrinkling experiments. The glassy skin thickness is found to increase logarithmically with an exposure time t, for different induction powers p, and all data collapse in terms of a plasma dose, D ≡ p × t. The kinetics of film propagation are found to increase with the oxygen molar fraction yO2 and decrease with the gas pressure P, allowing both the wrinkling wavelength λ and amplitude A to be effectively controlled by gas pressure and composition. A generalised relationship for frontal vitrification is obtained by re-scaling all λ and h data by D/P. A coarse-grained wave propagation model effectively describes and quantifies the process stages (induction, skin formation and propagation) under all the conditions studied. Equipped with this knowledge, we further expand the capabilities of plasma oxidation for PDMS wrinkling, and a wavelength of λ ≈ 100 nm is readily attained with a modest strain εprestrain ≈ 20%.
Remote sensing: Principles and interpretation (1987)

(1987). Remote sensing: Principles and interpretation. Geocarto International: Vol. 2, Remote Sensing and Biomes, pp. 66-66.
Highly sensitive and selective detection of Pb<sup>2+</sup>ions using a novel and simple DNAzyme-based quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation biosensor (2014)

A novel, label-free DNAzyme-based quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) biosensor was developed for the highly sensitive and specific detection of Pb(2+) ions. To enhance the performance of the sensor, oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanoparticles were used for both frequency and dissipation amplification. This sensor was developed by immobilizing Pb(2+)-specific DNAzymes onto the QCM-D sensor surface and allowing them to hybridize with substrate-functionalized AuNPs. The DNAzyme catalyzed the cleavage of the substrate in the presence of Pb(2+) ions, causing the cleaved substrate-functionalized AuNPs to be removed from the sensor surface. Thus, Pb(2+) ions can be determined on-line by monitoring the change in frequency and dissipation signals. The results revealed that the sensor showed a sensitive response to Pb(2+) ions with detection limits of 14 nM and 20 nM for frequency and dissipation, respectively. This QCM-D biosensor also exhibited excellent selectivity toward Pb(2+) ions in the presence of other divalent metal ions. In addition, the approach was able to detect Pb(2+) in tap water, demonstrating its great potential for monitoring drinking water quality. The proposed sensor system described here represents a new class of lead ion sensor. Its simple detection strategy makes it feasible for 'pollution-free' detection; thus, the approach could have applications in on-line water quality monitoring.
Formation of Deep Electron Traps by Yb<sup>3+</sup> Codoping Leads to Super-Long Persistent Luminescence in Ce<sup>3+</sup>-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Gallium Garnet Phosphors (2018)

The Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Ga<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup>-Cr<sup>3+</sup> compound is one of the brightest persistent phosphors, but its persistent luminescence duration is not so long because of the relatively shallow Cr<sup>3+</sup> electron trap. To compare the vacuum referred binding energy of the electron trapping state by Cr<sup>3+</sup> and lanthanide ions, we selected Yb<sup>3+</sup> as a deeper electron trapping center. The Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Ga<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup>-Yb<sup>3+</sup> phosphors show Ce<sup>3+</sup>:5d → 4f green persistent luminescence after blue light excitation. The formation of Yb<sup>2+</sup> was confirmed by the increased intensity of absorption due to Yb<sup>2+</sup>:4f-5d at 585 nm during the charging process. This result indicates that the Yb<sup>3+</sup> ions act as electron traps by capturing an electron. From the thermoluminescence glow curves, it was found that the Yb<sup>3+</sup> trap makes a much deeper electron trap with a 1.01 eV depth than the Cr<sup>3+</sup> electron trap with a 0.81 eV depth. This deeper Yb<sup>3+</sup> trap provides a much slower detrapping rate of filled electron traps than the Cr<sup>3+</sup>-codoped persistent phosphor. In addition, by preparing transparent ceramics and optimizing Ce<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> concentrations, the Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Ga<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup>(0.2%)-Yb<sup>3+</sup>(0.1%) as-made transparent ceramic phosphor showed super-long persistent luminescence for over 138.8 h after blue light charging.
The nine C-terminal residues of the grapevine fanleaf nepovirus movement protein are critical for systemic virus spread. (1999)

The grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) RNA2-encoded polyprotein P2 is proteolytically cleaved by the RNA1-encoded proteinase to yield protein 2A, 2B(MP) movement protein and 2C(CP) coat protein. To further investigate the role of the 2B(MP) and 2C(CP) proteins in virus movement, RNA2 was engineered by alternatively replacing the GFLV 2B(MP) and 2C(CP) genes with their counterparts from the closely related Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). Transcripts of all chimeric RNA2s were able to replicate in Chenopodium quinoa protoplasts and form tubules in tobacco BY-2 protoplasts in the presence of the infectious transcript of GFLV RNA1. Virus particles were produced when the GFLV 2C(CP) gene was replaced with its ArMV counterpart, but systemic virus spread did not occur in C. quinoa plants. In addition, chimeric RNA2 containing the complete ArMV 2B(MP) gene was neither encapsidated nor infectious on plants, probably because polyprotein P2 was incompletely processed. However, chimeric RNA2 encoding ArMV 2B(MP), in which the nine C-terminal residues were those of GFLV 2B(MP), formed virus particles and were infectious in the presence of GFLV but not ArMV 2C(CP). These results suggest that the nine C-terminal residues of 2B(MP) must be of the same virus origin as the proteinase for efficient proteolytic processing of polyprotein P2 and from the same virus origin as the 2C(CP) for systemic virus spread.
Sand control. Part 8. New testing methods can indicate how basic properties of unconsolidated sands change with type of fluid and applied loads (1975)

Improved downhole formation sampling and handling methods have contributed significantly to the understanding of sand control processes. Engineers now are able to obtain reliable analyses of unconsolidated formation material representative of specific intervals in the completion zone. This concluding article of the Sand Control Series (1) explains function and application of a rubber sleeve core barrel that recovers unconsolidated formations; (2) outlines laboratory procedures for analyzing samples for sand control design; and (3) describes new concepts relating to sand arching mechanisms and the important effects of wettability on arch stability. Meaningful laboratory tests that can be run include grain-size distribution, compressibility, porosity, permeability, and strength under confining loads.