gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1‐Silacyclopent‐2‐enes and 1‐silacyclohex‐2‐enes bearing functionally substituted silyl groups in 2‐positions. Novel electron‐deficient SiHB bridges (2005)

Abstract The reactions of alkyn‐1‐yl(vinyl)silanes R 2 Si[CC‐Si(H)Me 2 ]CHCH 2 [R = Me (1a), Ph (1b)], Me 2 Si[CC‐Si(Br)Me 2 ]CHCH 2 (2a), and of alkyn‐1‐yl(allyl)silanes R 2 Si[CC‐Si(H)Me 2 ]CH 2 CHCH 2 (R = Me (3a), R = Ph (3b)] with 9‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane in a 1:1 ratio afford in high yield the 1‐silacyclopent‐2‐ene derivatives 4a, b and 5a, and the 1‐silacyclohex‐2‐ene derivatives 6a, b, respectively, all of which bear a functionally substituted silyl group in 2‐position and the boryl group in 3‐position. This is the result of selective intermolecular 1,2‐hydroboration of the vinyl or allyl group, followed by intramolecular 1,1‐organoboration of the alkynyl group. In the cases of 4a, b, potential electron‐deficient SiHB bridges are absent or extremely weak, whereas in 6a,b the existence of SiHB bridges is evident from the NMR spectroscopic data ( 1 H, 11 B, 13 C and 29 Si NMR). The molecular structure of 4b was determined by X‐ray analysis. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Class-AB high-swing CMOS power amplifier (1992)

A power amplifier for a loudspeaker and the earpiece of a telephone subset, integrated in the codec chip ARCOFI-SP (audio ringing codec filter featuring speakerphone function), are presented. The ARCOFI-SP is part of a subscriber telephone chip set. The analog section of the receive path comprises a low-noise programmable gain microphone amplifier with a maximum gain of 30-dB followed by a 16-b second-order sigma-delta analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. The analog section of the transmit path consists of two 16-b second-order sigma-delta D/A converters, one driving a pair of handset amplifiers for 200- Omega differential load and the other one a pair of loudspeaker amplifiers for 50- Omega differential load. The loudspeaker amplifier is described. A digital signal processor calculates the filter functions and handles frequency and tone generation. The amplifier has 1.2-mA quiescent current, 64-mA peak current, and >60 dB S/THD with 3.2-V output swing into a 25- Omega load.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
1.5 μm wavelength tunable phase-shift controlled distributed feedback laser diode with constant spectral linewidth in tuning operation (1988)

A newly developed 1.5 μm wavelength tunable phase-shift controlled distributed feedback laserdiode (DFB LD) is presented. An almost constant spectral linewidth from 24 to 29 MHz has been achieved over a tuning range as wide as 110 GHz (9.0 Å).
Carpal tunnel release. A prospective, randomized assessment of open and endoscopic methods. (1993)

To define the role of two-portal endoscopic carpal-tunnel release as a method for the treatment of compression of the median nerve at the wrist, a prospective, randomized, multicenter study was performed on 169 hands in 145 patients. Either open or endoscopic carpal-tunnel release was performed in all of the patients who had clinical signs and symptoms consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome, had not responded to or had refused non-operative management, and had had electrodiagnostic studies consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome. Follow-up evaluations were performed at twenty-one, forty-two, and eighty-four days. At the end of the follow-up period, both the open and endoscopic methods had resulted in high levels of achievement of the primary outcomes (relief of pain and paresthesias). The numbness and paresthesias were relieved in eighty (98 per cent) of eighty-two hands in the open-release group compared with seventy-seven (99 per cent) of seventy-eight hands in the endoscopic-release group. This parameter was not recorded for three hands in the open-release group or six hands in the endoscopic-release group. The satisfaction of the patients with the procedure, graded on a scale of 0 to 100 per cent, averaged 84 per cent in the open-release group compared with 89 per cent in the group that had had endoscopic release. We found no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the secondary quantitative-outcome measurements, including two-point discrimination, postoperative interstitial-pressure data for the carpal canal, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament testing, and motor strength. The open technique resulted in more tenderness of the scar than did the endoscopic method. Thirty-two (39 per cent) of eighty-two hands in the open-release group and fifty (64 per cent) of seventy-eight hands in the endoscopic-release group were not tender at eighty-four days. This parameter was not recorded for three hands in the open-release group and six hands in the endoscopic-release group. The open method also resulted in a longer interval until the patient could return to work (median, twenty-eight days, compared with fourteen days for the open-release and endoscopic-release groups). Four complications occurred in the endoscopic carpal-tunnel release group: one partial transection of the superficial palmar arch, one digital-nerve contusion, one ulnar-nerve neuropraxia, and one wound hematoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Diagnostic Accuracy of Urinary Amanitin in Suspected Mushroom Poisoning: A Pilot Study (2004)

Urinary amanitin analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool and may significantly contribute to the management of suspected mushroom poisoning. At present, the best diagnostic accuracy can be obtained taking advantage of both the high sensitivity and negative predictive value of the clinical assessment performed by an experienced toxicologist, and the high specificity and positive predictive value that characterize urinary amanitin analysis.
The albatross plot: A novel graphical tool for presenting results of diversely reported studies in a systematic review (2017)

Meta-analyses combine the results of multiple studies of a common question. Approaches based on effect size estimates from each study are generally regarded as the most informative. However, these methods can only be used if comparable effect sizes can be computed from each study, and this may not be the case due to variation in how the studies were done or limitations in how their results were reported. Other methods, such as vote counting, are then used to summarize the results of these studies, but most of these methods are limited in that they do not provide any indication of the magnitude of effect. We propose a novel plot, the albatross plot, which requires only a 1-sided P value and a total sample size from each study (or equivalently a 2-sided P value, direction of effect and total sample size). The plot allows an approximate examination of underlying effect sizes and the potential to identify sources of heterogeneity across studies. This is achieved by drawing contours showing the range of effect sizes that might lead to each P value for given sample sizes, under simple study designs. We provide examples of albatross plots using data from previous meta-analyses, allowing for comparison of results, and an example from when a meta-analysis was not possible.
Schwefel‐Thermitverfahren zur Darstellung von Rein‐Silicium (1956)

Abstract Es wird der Mechanismus des alten K ÜHNE schen Verfahrens klargestellt, aus Al, SiO 2 und S nach einem Thermitprozeß eine an Si hochprozentige SiAl‐Legierung herzustellen (§ 1–4). Das Verfahren wurde apparativ und durch Verwendung reinster erhältlicher Materialien so weit ausgebildet, daß ein 64proz. Silumin resultierte, aus dem nach einem früheren Verfahren durch Chlorierung ein Si mit unter 10 −20 % Fe + Al hergestellt werden konnte (§ 5). Die Gründe werden erläutert, warum die Reinigung nicht weitergetrieben werden kann (§ 6). Der spez. Widerstand des gewonnenen Si war rund 15 Ω cm (§ 7).
Dengue in China: a clinical review. (1993)

Three etiologically proven outbreaks of dengue fever and one etiologically confirmed epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic fever have occurred in south China since 1978. The first of these, an epidemic of dengue due to virus type 4 took place in Shiwan town, Foshan city, Guangdong Province, in 1978; the epidemic began in May and ended in November. The clinical manifestations of 583 hospitalized patients were observed from August to October. The majority (81.3%) of patients were aged 21-50 years (male:female = 1.2:1). The course of illness was about 1 week in most cases; three patients (0.5%) died. A local outbreak of dengue due to virus type 1 occurred in Shiqi town, Zhongshan County, Guangdong Province, from September to November 1979. The majority of patients were older children and adolescents. There was no marked difference between males and females in terms of the course of the illness, and there were no complications or deaths. A large epidemic of dengue due to virus type 3 occurred on Hainan Island in 1980. The clinical manifestations of 510 hospitalized patients (mostly adolescents and adults) were observed from April to September. Some patients developed rare complications, such as loss of hair, acute intravascular haemolysis, and multiple peripheral paralysis; there were four deaths (0.78%). The first known epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic fever in China occurred among 10-29-year-olds on Hainan Island in 1985 and 1986. There were no essential differences between males and females. Some cases had rare complications such as acute intravascular haemolysis, while others had diffuse intravascular coagulation and altered mental status; 10 patients (6.5%) died.
TOR regulation of AGC kinases in yeast and mammals (2008)

The TOR (target of rapamycin), an atypical protein kinase, is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to man. Pharmacological studies using rapamycin to inhibit TOR and yeast genetic studies have provided key insights on the function of TOR in growth regulation. One of the first bona fide cellular targets of TOR was the mammalian protein kinase p70 S6K (p70 S6 kinase), a member of a family of kinases called AGC (protein kinase A/protein kinase G/protein kinase C-family) kinases, which include PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase A), PKG (cGMP-dependent kinase) and PKC (protein kinase C). AGC kinases are also highly conserved and play a myriad of roles in cellular growth, proliferation and survival. The AGC kinases are regulated by a common scheme that involves phosphorylation of the kinase activation loop by PDK1 (phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1), and phosphorylation at one or more sites at the C-terminal tail. The identification of two distinct TOR protein complexes, TORC1 (TOR complex 1) and TORC2, with different sensitivities to rapamycin, revealed that TOR, as part of either complex, can mediate phosphorylation at the C-terminal tail for optimal activation of a number of AGC kinases. Together, these studies elucidated that a fundamental function of TOR conserved throughout evolution may be to balance growth versus survival signals by regulating AGC kinases in response to nutrients and environmental conditions. This present review highlights this emerging function of TOR that is conserved from budding and fission yeast to mammals.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF FURANO COMPOUNDS: PART XLII. COOK‐SCHOENTAL CYCLIZATION OF SOME SUBSTITUTED BENZO(B)FURANS AND BENZO(B)PHENANTHRO(1,2‐D)FURANS (1980)

Abstract Aus den Naphthylbenzofurylcarbonsäurechloriden (I) bzw. (IVa) werden die Diazoketone (II) bzw. (IVb) dargestellt, die beim Behandeln mit Kupferbronze in Benzol (Cook‐ Schöntal‐Reaktion) zu den Benzophenanthrofuranen (III) bzw. (V) cyclisieren.
EXPERIENCES WITH A FOOD PRODUCT X-RAY INSPECTION SYSTEM FOR CLASSIFYING ONIONS (2005)

Maintaining product quality is critical for success in fresh fruit and vegetable marketing. Some onionpackinghouses are considering the addition of x-ray inspection systems to their existing optical inspection systems. X-raysystems enable detection of voids that are likely to be associated with the presence of various bacterial or fungal rots in onions.A series of tests were conducted at the University of Georgia Vegetable and Vidalia Onion research and education center inToombs County, Georgia, with a commercially available x-ray inspection machine. In 2001, two 100-onion batches ofmedium-sized onions and 100 jumbo onions were machine-inspected, and then halved for a visual internal evaluation. In eachseries of tests, the accuracy rate was greater than 93% and the false positives were less than 6%. In 2002, two 100-onionbatches were run on a similar machine as in 2001. Additionally, in 2002 and 2004, multiple onions with slight to severe defectswere each passed through the inspection machine 50 times, respectively, with orientation not controlled to ascertainconsistency in defect detection. The machine passed onions with no to slight defect presence (based on subsequent internalvisual evaluation of onion halves) nearly 100% of the time. Onions with severe defects were rejected 100% of the time. In2004, a center rot disease (caused by Pantoea ananztis) study showed that 80% of bulbs that had passed a routine surfaceinspection and had been deemed to be diseased by the machine in fact exhibited the disorder on halving. False positives werein the 10% to 15% range. In the 2002 and 2004 studies, the machine detected bulbs with disease that passed human visualinspection (HVI) and (in 2004 only) individual tactile grading. These accuracy and false positive rates are very close to the90% and 10% levels generally accepted for these respective statistics. With appropriate addition of multiple lanes,commercially viable throughputs are possible.
Fluoroethanes and Fluoroethylenes. V (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluoroethanes and Fluoroethylenes. VAlbert L. Henne and Mary W. RenollCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 6, 889–890Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01297a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01297a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interface roughness and the dispersion of confined LO phonons in GaAs/AlAs quantum wells (1988)

We report the energies of the confined LO phonon modes in the GaAs wells of GaAs/AlAs superlattices with well widths between 10 and 18 monolayers. We observe confined LO-phonon modes up to 12th order. The measurements were performed on sample structures obtained by two different growth techniques [molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) with growth interruption and migration-enhanced epitaxy (MEE)], which favor the smoothness of the GaAs/AlAs and the AlAs/GaAs interfaces. Measurements on a sample, where the ``normal'' GaAs/AlAs interfaces were grown on purpose without growth interruption, show weaker Raman signals and confined phonon modes up to lower order than observable for samples with growth interruption. The energies of the confined LO phonons as a function of the confinement wave vector lie close to recent neutron results for the LO-phonon dispersion in bulk GaAs. We suggest that previously reported discrepancies are due to stronger interface roughness than in the present samples. We show that the high-order confined phonons are considerably more sensitive to roughness than the low-order confined LO phonons. Therefore the former and not the latter should be used for characterization of interface roughness. For determination of the phonon dispersion, on the other hand, the uncertainties are higher for the higher-order confined modes. We observe discrete confined modes corresponding to sections of the quantum well with thicknesses differing by one monolayer.
Electron energy barriers between (100)Si and ultrathin stacks of SiO2, Al2O3, and ZrO2 insulators (2001)

Electron energy barriers between the valence band of (100)Si and the conduction bands of ultrathin SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2 insulators and their stacks were determined using internal photoemission of electrons. For SiO2, the barrier of 4.25±0.05 eV was found unchanged down to the oxide thickness of ≈1 nm. The barriers for Al2O3 and ZrO2 are substantially lower: 3.25±0.08 and 3.1±0.1 eV, respectively. Thermal oxidation at 650–800 °C enhances the barriers at the Si/Al2O3 and Si/ZrO2 interfaces but does not reduce the high density of band tail states in the insulators, suggesting the formation of silicates.
Noise reduction in chaotic time-series data: A survey of common methods (1993)

This paper surveys some of the methods that have been suggested for reducing noise in time-series data whose underlying dynamical behavior can be characterized as low-dimensional chaos. Although the procedures differ in details, all of them must solve three basic problems: how to reconstruct an attractor from the data, how to approximate the dynamics in various regions on the attractor, and how to adjust the observations to satisfy better the approximations to the dynamics. All current noise-reduction methods have similar limitations, but the basic problems are reasonably well understood. The methods are an important tool in the experimentalist's repertoire for data analysis. In our view, they should be used more widely, particularly in studies of attractor dimension, Lyapunov exponents, prediction, and control.
Restricted Data on Influenza H5N1 Virus Transmission (2012)

Authors of a debated flu transmission study discuss why such work is important and should be published.
ImagePass - Designing graphical authentication for security (2011)

Researchers have developed various graphical authentication mechanisms, with varied results in different environments. However, it has been difficult to get users to abandon traditional text-passwords in favor of something unfamiliar, therefore limiting graphical passwords to isolated environments rather than mass market solutions. Current studies show that while dominant on the usability side, because of their intuitiveness and potential password space, graphical authentication mechanisms are not necessarily more secure. This paper presents the development of a graphical authentication prototype by following usable security guidelines. Codenamed ImagePass, the prototype is a mechanism that uses image recognition as the basis for the authentication process.
Quantile Estimates in Complete and Censored Samples From Extreme-Value and Weibull Distributions (1984)

This paper deals with the problem of estimating the quantiles (ξ) = 0.01, 0.05(0.05)0.95, 0.99 of the largest extreme-value distribution by using order statistics in small samples. Linear unbiased estimators, with minimum variance, based on ordered observations are constructed for sample sizes 5(5)20 for both complete and right-censored samples.
Rigid-rod anion–π slides for multiion hopping across lipid bilayers (2007)

Shape-persistent oligo-p-phenylene-N,N-naphthalenediimide (O-NDI) rods are introduced as anion-pi slides for chloride-selective multiion hopping across lipid bilayers. Results from end-group engineering and covalent capture as O-NDI hairpins suggested that self-assembly into transmembrane O-NDI bundles is essential for activity. A halide topology VI (Cl > F > Br approximately I, Cl/Br approximately Cl/I > 7) implied strong anion binding along the anion-pi slides with relatively weak contributions from size exclusion (F >or= OAc). Anomalous mole fraction effects (AMFE) supported the occurrence of multiion hopping along the pi-acidic O-NDI rods. The existence of anion-pi interactions was corroborated by high-level ab initio and DFT calculations. The latter revealed positive NDI quadrupole moments far beyond the hexafluorobenzene standard. Computational studies further suggested that anion binding occurs at the confined, pi-acidic edges of the sticky NDI surface and is influenced by the nature of the phenyl spacer between two NDIs. With regard to methods development, a detailed analysis of the detection of ion selectivity with the HPTS assay including AMFE in vesicles is provided.
The healthcare cost and utilization project: an overview. (2002)

Access available to all users who sign and abide by the Data Use Agreement. Application kits available at www.ahrq.gov/data/hcup. HCUPnet, an on-line interactive query tool, allows access to data without purchase (www.ahrq. gov/data/hcup/hcupnet.htm).
Large-scale clinical comparison of the lysis-centrifugation and radiometric systems for blood culture (1985)

The Isolator 10 lysis-centrifugation blood culture system (E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del.) was compared with the BACTEC radiometric method (Johnston Laboratories, Inc., Towson, Md.) with 6B and 7D broth media for the recovery of bacteria and yeasts. From 11,000 blood cultures, 1,174 clinically significant organisms were isolated. The Isolator system recovered significantly more total organisms, members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus spp., and yeasts. The BACTEC system recovered significantly more Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp., and anaerobes. Of the Isolator colony counts, 87% measured less than 11 CFU/ml of blood. Organisms, on an average, were detected the same day from each of the two culture systems. Only 13 of the 975 BACTEC isolates (0.01%) were recovered by subculture of growth-index-negative bottles, and 12 of the 13 were detected in another broth blood culture taken within 24 h. Contaminants were recovered from 4.8% of the Isolator 10 and 2.3% of the BACTEC cultures.
Algebraic support for complex objects with arrays, identity, and inheritance (1991)

article Free Access Share on Algebraic support for complex objects with arrays, identity, and inheritance Authors: Scott L. Vandenberg Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile , David J. DeWitt Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMOD RecordVolume 20Issue 2June 1991 pp 158–167https://doi.org/10.1145/119995.115811Published:01 April 1991Publication History 67citation381DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations67Total Downloads381Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF