gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical layer wireless security made fast and channel independent (2011)

There is a growing interest in physical layer security. Recent work has demonstrated that wireless devices can generate a shared secret key by exploiting variations in their channel. The rate at which the secret bits are generated, however, depends heavily on how fast the channel changes. As a result, existing schemes have a low secrecy rate and are mainly applicable to mobile environments. In contrast, this paper presents a new physical-layer approach to secret key generation that is both fast and independent of channel variations. Our approach makes a receiver jam the signal in a manner that still allows it to decode the data, yet prevents other nodes from decoding. Results from a testbed implementation show that our method is significantly faster and more accurate than state of the art physical-layer secret key generation protocols. Specifically, while past work generates up to 44 secret bits/s with a 4% bit disagreement between the two devices, our design has a secrecy rate of 3-18 Kb/s with 0% bit disagreement.
NaOH-Catalyzed Dimerization of Monofunctionalized Hydrofullerenes: Transition-Metal-Free, General, and Efficient Synthesis of Single-Bonded [60]Fullerene Dimers (2012)

Unprecedented, transition-metal-free NaOH-catalyzed homo- and cross-dimerizations of monofunctionalized hydrofullerenes are reported. Various single-bonded fullerene dimers were synthesized under mild reaction conditions with remarkably high yields. The use of a NaOH catalyst combined with tetrahydrofuran as a cosolvent under an air atmosphere is critical in achieving highly efficient catalytic dimerization.
Delineating pathological pathways in a chemically induced mouse model of Gaucher disease (2016)

Great interest has been shown in understanding the pathology of Gaucher disease (GD) due to the recently discovered genetic relationship with Parkinson's disease. For such studies, suitable animal models of GD are required. Chemical induction of GD by inhibition of acid β-glucosidase (GCase) using the irreversible inhibitor conduritol B-epoxide (CBE) is particularly attractive, although few systematic studies examining the effect of CBE on the development of symptoms associated with neurological forms of GD have been performed. We now demonstrate a correlation between the amount of CBE injected into mice and levels of accumulation of the GD substrates, glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine, and show that disease pathology, indicated by altered levels of pathological markers, depends on both the levels of accumulated lipids and the time at which their accumulation begins. Gene array analysis shows a remarkable similarity in the gene expression profiles of CBE-treated mice and a genetic GD mouse model, the Gba(flox/flox) ;nestin-Cre mouse, with 120 of the 144 genes up-regulated in CBE-treated mice also up-regulated in Gba(flox/flox) ;nestin-Cre mice. We also demonstrate that various aspects of neuropathology and some behavioural abnormalities can be arrested upon cessation of CBE treatment during a specific time window. Together, our data demonstrate that injection of mice with CBE provides a rapid and relatively easy way to induce symptoms typical of neuronal forms of GD. This is particularly useful when examining the role of specific biochemical pathways in GD pathology, since CBE can be injected into mice defective in components of putative pathological pathways, alleviating the need for time-consuming crossing of mice. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acetyl Balance for the Acetylation of Wood Particles by a Simplified Procedure (1990)

On etudie l'acetylation de particules de bois de pin et de tremble par la methode de Rowell et al. On examine les effets de l'espece de bois, de la teneur en humidite du bois lors de l'acetylation, de la temperature de reaction, de la concentration en acide acetique de la solution d'impregnation et de la quantite d'anhydride acetique dans le bois lors de l'acetylation
Metabolic Engineering of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Xylose Fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2001)

The aim of the work presented in this thesis is the improvement of xylose fermentation performance of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing XYL1 and XYL2 from Pichia stipitis, encoding xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH). A recombinant strain of S. cerevisiae, fermenting both xylose and glucose to ethanol could decrease the production cost of ethanol from ligno-cellulosic biomass. The xylose fermentation efficiency of recombinant S. cerevisiae is limited by a slow xylose fermentation rate and high xylitol by-product formation. Xylulose fermentation was used as a model of xylose fermentation, where the effect of the expression of the heterologous XYL1 and XYL2 is omitted. Xylulokinase over-production by over-expression of the native XKS1 improved xylulose consumption rate of S. cerevisiae, but decreased xylose consumption rate by S. cerevisiae expressing XYL1 and XYL2. This phenomenon was suggested to result from too high over-expression of the XKS1 gene in the strain expressing XYL1 and XYL2. XKS1 over-expression decreased xylitol yield from both xylulose and xylose. S. cerevisiae strains with a partly or completely blocked oxidative PPP, had a higher xylulose consumption rate than the control strains. This was interpreted as limiting capacity of the non-oxidative PPP, since blocking the oxidative PPP prevents the metabolic flux from this pathway from competing with the xylulose flux for the non-oxidative PPP capacity. Blocking the oxidative PPP had a very different effect on xylose fermentation. Recombinant S. cerevisiae expressing XYL1, XYL2, over-expressing the native XKS1 and blocked or partly blocked oxidative PPP fermented xylose slower than the control strains. Xylitol production also ceased as a result. The lower xylitol production was interpreted as a more NADH than NADPH dependent xylose reduction by the XR enzyme, and thus a better co-factor balanced xylose metabolism. The decrease in xylose consumption rate was probably the result of the absence of NADPH-dependent xylose reduction combined with inhibition of XR by higher intracellular levels of NADP+. Over-expression of XYL1 as well as allowing a low oxidative PPP activity increased the xylose consumption rate. S.cerevisiae TMB3026 over-expressing the entire non-oxidative PPP, including the genes RPE1, RKI1, TAL1 and TKL1, was constructed. This strain, also expressing the XYL1, XYL2 and over-expressing XKS1, fermented xylose at the same rate as the control, S.cerevisiae TMB3001. This suggests that the non-oxidative PPP does not limit the xylose consumption rate in xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae TMB3001. A new expression vector was developed to achieve the multiple over-expressions of the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) genes. This vector allows marker recycling, so the number of genetic modifications to a strain is independent of the number of available markers. Dominant markers were used to construct a xylose-fermenting wild-type S. cerevisiae strain.
In Vitro Activity of Trovafloxacin Compared to Those of Five Antimicrobials against Mycoplasmas Including <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> and <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i> Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Isolates That Have Been Genetically Characterized (2000)

The in vitro activity of trovafloxacin against 125 strains of Mycoplasma species and Ureaplasma urealyticum, including fluoroquinolone-susceptible and fluoroquinolone-resistant species, was compared to those of other fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, and erythromycin. The MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhibited for all fluoroquinolone-susceptible strains was 0.25 microg/ml. Whatever the associated mutations, trovafloxacin exhibited greater activity than the other fluoroquinolones tested against fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycoplasma hominis and U. urealyticum isolates.
Novel High Density, Stacked Capacitor MOS RAM (1979)

A novel one transistor type MOS RAM cell is successfully developed and achieves a higher degree of integration than realized to date with conventional RAM's. This cell provides a remarkable area reduction and/or an increase in storage capacitance by stacking the main portion of the storage capacitor on the address transistor. It is called a stacked capacitor RAM (STC RAM) cell. This STC cell has a triple level poly-Si structure which consists of poly-Si word line and Al bit line. The stacked capacitor is composed of the poly-Si–Si3N4–poly-Si structure. A 256 bit STC MOS RAM is fabricated with 3 µm technology and operates successfully. The STC RAM cell area, 52.5 µm2, is remarkably smaller than the cell area of conventional RAM's with double level poly-Si gate structures, 160 µm2. The charge stored time in the new STC MOS RAM normally ranged from 0.1 sec to 1 sec at room temperature.
Introduction to hydrogen technology (2009)

Preface. Chapter 1. Available Energy Sources. 1.1 Civilization and search for sustainable energy. 1.2 Planet energy resources and energy consumption. 1.3 Greenhouse effect and its influence on quality of life and ecosphere. 1.4 Non-renewable energy sources. 1.5 Renewable energy sources: 1.6 Energy storage. 1.7 Energy ethics. Chapter 2. Chemistry Background. 2.1 Reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium. 2.2 Acid-base chemistry. 2.3 Thermodynamics. 2.4 Reaction kinetics. 2.5 Electrochemistry (Oxidation/Reduction Reactions). 2.6 Organic reactions involving hydrogen. 2.7 Polymer chemistry. 2.8 Photochemistry. 2.9 Plasma chemistry. Chapter 3. Hydrogen Properties. 3.1 Occurrence of hydrogen, properties and use. 3.2 Hydrogen as energy carrier. 3.3 Comparison to other fuels. 3.4 Hydrogen storage. Chapter 4. Hydrogen Technology. 4.1 Production: 4.2 Hydrogen infrastructure. 4.3 Hydrogen safety. 4.4 Hydrogen technology assessment. Chapter 5. Fuel Cells Essentials. 5.1 Introduction to hydrogen based fuel cells. 5.2 Proton exchange membrane. 5.3 Solid oxide fuel cells. 5.4 Alkaline fuel cells. 5.6 Stack, catalysts, electrode assembly. 5.7 Medium and high temperature fuel cells. 5.8 Fuel cells system architecture. Chapter 6. Fuel Cells Applications. 6.1 Stationary power production. 6.2 Transportation. 6.3 Micro-power systems. 6.4 Mobile and residential power systems. 6.5 Space and military applications. 6.6 Conclusion. Index.
Absorption and Fluorescence Investigation of Pr <sup> 3+ </sup> , Sm <sup> 3+ </sup> , Dy <sup> 3+ </sup> , Ho <sup> 3+ </sup> and Er <sup> 3+ </sup> in LaMgAl 11 O 19 Single Crystals (1989)

Single crystals of LaMgAll1O19 (magnetoplumbite-like structure) doped with Pr3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+ have been obtained by the flame fusion process. For each ion, the limit solubility has been determined. Optical absorption, emission and fluorescence excitation have been performed on cleavage platelets and the position of the fluorescent levels determined. The possible sensitization of the two Pr3+ fluorescent levels (3P0 and 1D2) by Dy3+ and Sm3+ respectively has been investigated. Energy transfer is important for instance if the lamp pumping of these solid state lasers is considered.
High Performance VLSI Architecture Design for H.264 CAVLC Decoder (2006)

H.264 video standard achieves high quality video along with high data compression when compared to other existing video standards. H.264 uses context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC) to code residual data in baseline profile. In this paper, the authors describe a novel architecture for CAVLC decoder, including coeff_token decoder, level decoder, total_zeros decoder and run_before decoder. UMC library in 0.13mu CMOS technology is used to synthesize the proposed design. The proposed design reduces chip area and improves critical path performance of CAVLC decoder in comparison with (Chang et al., 2005). Macroblock level (including luma and chroma) pipeline processing for CAVLC is implemented with an average of 141 cycles (including pipeline buffering) per macroblock at 250MHz clock frequency. To compare our results with (Chang et al., 2005) clock frequency is constrained to 125MHz. The area required for the proposed architecture is 17586 gates, which is 22.1% improvement in comparison to (Chang et al., 2005). The authors obtain a throughput of 1.73 * 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> macroblocks/second, which is 28% higher than that reported in [1]. The proposed design meets the processing requirement of 1080HD video at 30frames/seconds
The M‐competition with a fully automatic box–jenkins procedure (1984)

Abstract CAPRI is a fully automatic and quick procedure for forecasting. It is based on the Box–Jenkins methodology and needs no a priori knowledge about the time series. The 1001 series of the Makridakis competition have been analysed with this program and its accuracy measured in comparison with other methods. CAPRI is recommended for short term forecasting horizons in cases where the user does not want to interfere with the modelling process.
Real-Time Onboard 3D State Estimation of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Multi-Environments Using Multi-Sensor Data Fusion (2020)

The question of how to estimate the state of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in real time in multi-environments remains a challenge. Although the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has been widely applied, drones cannot perform position estimation when a GNSS signal is not available or the GNSS is disturbed. In this paper, the problem of state estimation in multi-environments is solved by employing an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm to fuse the data from multiple heterogeneous sensors (MHS), including an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a magnetometer, a barometer, a GNSS receiver, an optical flow sensor (OFS), Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and an RGB-D camera. Finally, the robustness and effectiveness of the multi-sensor data fusion system based on the EKF algorithm are verified by field flights in unstructured, indoor, outdoor, and indoor and outdoor transition scenarios.
Structural changes in the C‐terminus of Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐bound rat S100B(ββ) upon binding to a peptide derived from the C‐terminal regulatory domain of p53 (1999)

S100B(beta beta) is a dimeric Ca2+-binding protein that interacts with p53, inhibits its phosphorylation by protein kinase C (PKC) and promotes disassembly of the p53 tetramer. Likewise, a 22 residue peptide derived from the C-terminal regulatory domain of p53 has been shown to interact with S100B(beta beta) in a Ca2+-dependent manner and inhibits its phosphorylation by PKC. Hence, structural studies of Ca2+-loaded S100B(beta beta) bound to the p53 peptide were initiated to characterize this interaction. Analysis of nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) correlations, amide proton exchange rates, 3J(NH-H alpha) coupling constants, and chemical shift index data show that, like apo- and Ca2+-bound S100B(beta beta), S100B remains a dimer in the p53 peptide complex, and each subunit has four helices (helix 1, Glu2-Arg20; helix 2, Lys29-Asn38; helix 3, Gln50-Asp61; helix 4, Phe70-Phe87), four loops (loop 1, Glu21-His25; loop 2, Glu39-Glu49; loop 3, Glu62-Gly66; loop 4, Phe88-Glu91), and two beta-strands (beta-strand 1, Lys26-Lys28; beta-strand 2, Glu67-Asp69), which forms a short antiparallel beta-sheet. However, in the presence of the p53 peptide helix 4 is longer by five residues than in apo- or Ca2+-bound S100B(beta beta). Furthermore, the amide proton exchange rates in helix 3 (K55, V56, E58, T59, L60, D61) are significantly slower than those of Ca2+-bound S100B(beta beta). Together, these observations plus intermolecular NOE correlations between the p53 peptide and S100B(beta beta) support the notion that the p53 peptide binds in a region of S100B(beta beta), which includes residues in helix 2, helix 3, loop 2, and the C-terminal loop, and that binding of the p53 peptide interacts with and induces the extension of helix 4.
Thin, Conformal, and Continuous SnO<sub>2</sub> Coatings on Three‐Dimensional Biosilica Templates through Hydroxy‐Group Amplification and Layer‐By‐Layer Alkoxide Deposition (2007)

Led to the bioscaffold: A method is developed to coat intricate biosilica structures with functional oxides. Thin coatings of SnO2 are applied to the silica valves of diatoms (see picture) through dendritic amplification of surface hydroxy groups and subsequent sol–gel processing. The SnO2-coated valves act as sensitive detectors for NO gas.
Etch residue removal of CoFeB using CO/NH3 reactive ion beam for spin transfer torque-magnetic random access memory device (2015)

Using a reactive ion beam etching (RIBE) system, the possibility of removing the sidewall residues remaining on etched nanoscale CoFeB features and the W hard mask after using a conventional inductively coupled plasma etching system was investigated. Upon increasing the ion energy of the Ar beam, a similar sputter yield increase was found for both CoFeB side wall residues and the W hard mask. Hence, increasing the ion beam energy to improve etch residue removal efficiency at the same time induces a degradation of the CoFeB profile because of the W hard mask erosion. However, when CO/NH3 was used as the RIBE gas mixture, at ion energy in the range of 90–110 eV, the effective residue removal from CoFeB etched features without etching the W hard mask. When the ion energy of the CO/NH3 RIBE exceeds 140 eV, again similar sputter yields are found for both CoFeB side wall residues and the W hard mask.
Morphometric, densitometric and flow cytometric criteria for the automated classification of thyroid lesions. (1990)

An automated classification of 73 thyroid lesions using a logical and mathematical approach was attempted. Densitometric, morphometric and flow cytometric parameters were used in Fisher linear discriminant functions to separate goiters or normal thyroids from adenomas and from carcinomas; the combination of this approach with binary discrimination improved the initial classification to a final efficiency of 81%. This approach, which is useful for classifying individual cells, was thus insufficient for classifying these cases. Analysis of the individual parameters showed that thyroid lesions were mainly in the near-diploid region. Two G0G1 populations were present in both benign and malignant lesions and were particularly frequent (50%) in atypical invasive follicular adenomas, probably related to the additional presence of an invasive clone. Near-triploid peaks were associated with malignancy as well as with high proliferative indexes. Nuclear and nucleolar sizes were larger in carcinomas; however, the percentage of the nucleolar area in the nucleus was greater in adenomas and nodular adenomatous goiters. A corrected staining index correlated with the nuclear size and the ploidy of abnormal cells (r = .50), being higher in malignant lesions.
POTENTIATION OF THE T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE TO MITOGENS (1972)

Effective supernatants (SUP), which potentiate mouse T-cell responses to phytohemagglutin (PHA), are obtained from cells of several species (human, rabbit, rat, mouse) and indeed from syngeneic spleen, thymus, or bone marrow cells. Unstimulated cells release some SUP activity but more is produced after stimulation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced very active SUP in all cultures tested. PHA was similarly active on human leukocytes only, whereas concanavalin A (Con A) gave highly efficient SUP only with mouse spleen cells. SUP production is not correlated with a mitotic response of the donor cells and is observed in cultures unable to respond mitotically to the stimulant. Adherent mouse spleen cell populations, consisting largely or entirely of macrophages, produce active SUP, while nonadherent cells do not. Similarly, purification of human peripheral leukocytes on nylon columns, with removal of macrophages and other adherent cells, destroys their ability to produce SUP. The importance of indirect effects in stimulating mitotic responses of T cells is emphasized by the fact that the mitotic response of mouse thymocytes to LPS and its ability to potentiate the response of these cells to PHA disappears with removal of adherent cells from the thymocyte population. Conversely the production of SUP from spleen cells stimulated by Con A requires the presence of T cells.
Electronic imaging of the human body. (1992)

The Human Engineering Division of the Armstrong Laboratory (USAF); the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology; the Washington University School of Medicine; and the Lister-Hill National Center for Biomedical Communication, National Library of Medicine are sponsoring a working group on electronic imaging of the human body. Electronic imaging of the surface of the human body has been pursued and developed by a number of disciplines including radiology, forensics, surgery, engineering, medical education, and anthropometry. The applications range from reconstructive surgery to computer-aided design (CAD) of protective equipment. Although these areas appear unrelated, they have a great deal of commonality. All the organizations working in this area are faced with the challenges of collecting, reducing, and formatting the data in an efficient and standard manner; storing this data in a computerized database to make it readily accessible; and developing software applications that can visualize, manipulate, and analyze the data. This working group is being established to encourage effective use of the resources of all the various groups and disciplines involved in electronic imaging of the human body surface by providing a forum for discussing progress and challenges with these types of data.
Rheological properties of poly(2,6‐dimethylphenylene oxide)—polystyrene blends (1972)

Abstract The viscoelastic (VE) response of freeze‐dried blends of polystyrene (PS) and poly‐(2,6‐dimethyl phenylene oxide) (PPO) has been studied as a function of composition, frequency, and temperature to examine the degree of rheological compatibility. When blended together, the relaxation processes of both molecular species exhibit the same temperature dependence. However, the temperature dependence of the VE response is a function of composition. It is shown that this behavior can be predicted from the measured glass transition temperatures by assuming the additivity of the free volumes of the components. The properties of the blends are compared at equal free volumes. The effective segmental friction factor is found to be independent of composition while the modulus of the rubbery plateau increases with PPO concentration. This result is interpreted as a change in the entanglement molecular weight M e of the blends. When the changes in M e are considered, the relationship between the zero‐shear viscosity η0 and the 3.4 power of the weight‐average molecular weight, commonly found for high molecular weight homopolymers, predicts the compositional dependence of η0 for the PPO–PS blends. It is concluded that the PPO–PS system forms a rheologically compatible blend.
Melting behavior of poly(ether ether ketone) in its blends with poly(ether imide) (1993)

Abstract We detail the melting behavior of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and investigate its melting behavior in miscible blends with poly(ether imide) (PEI). The determination of the equilibrium melting point ( T m 0 ) of PEEK is discussed by considering its inhomogeneous morphology. T m 0 is obtained by a long extrapolation of a Hoffman–Weeks plot to 384°C. Hindrance of PEEK crystal reorganization induced by PEI during heating is observed over the blend composition investigated (20–75 wt % PEEK). This behavior is correlated with the incorporation of PEI in the interlamellar zones of PEEK crystals. The interaction parameter χ of PEEK/PEI blends is estimated by the equilibrium melting point depression. This gives the interaction density B = −1.2 cal/cm 3 , and x = −0.40 at 400°C. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.