gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bone-patellar ligament-bone and fascia lata allografts for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. (1990)

A prospective study was performed of the first forty-seven consecutive patients who had repair of a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament and replacement with an allograft. Patients who had a rupture of another ligament were excluded, to provide a homogeneous group. Twenty-two patients received a fascia lata allograft and twenty-five patients received a bone-patellar ligament-bone allograft. All patients were enrolled in an exercise program to facilitate motion of the knee immediately after the operation, and all patients returned for postoperative evaluation (mean, forty months; range, twenty-five to sixty-seven months). The results were based on a comprehensive subjective and objective rating system, which assessed twenty factors. On testing with the KT-1000 arthrometer, 69 per cent of the patients had less than three millimeters of increased anterior-posterior displacement of the knee that had been operated on compared with the contralateral knee, 26 per cent had three to five millimeters, and 5 per cent had more than five millimeters. The knees that had a bone-patellar ligament-bone allograft had significantly lower values for anterior-posterior displacement than did those that had a fascia lata allograft (p less than 0.05). Just one patient, the only one in whom the fascia lata graft failed, had giving-way. There were no infections, and there was no evidence of rejection of the allograft or documented transmission of disease at the time of writing. A strict rating system was used. Eighteen patients (38 per cent) had an excellent result, twenty-four (51 per cent) had a good result, and five (11 per cent) had a fair or poor result. Motion of the knee immediately postoperatively was not deleterious to the allograft, and, because limitations of motion were identified and treated in the early postoperative period, full motion (0 to 135 degrees) was restored in all knees.
Charge-Transfer Sensitizers (X = C1-, Br-, I-, CN-, and SCN-) on Nanocrystalline Ti02 Electrodes (1993)

cis-X~Bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) complexes (X = C1-, Br, I-, CN-, and SCN-) were prepared and characterized with respct to their absorption, luminescence, and redox behavior. They act as efficient charge-transfer sensitizers for nanocrystalline Ti02 films (thickness 8-1 2 pm) of very high internal surface area (roughness factor ca. lOOO), prepared by sintering of 15-30-nm colloidal titania particles on a conducting glass support. The performance of cis-di(thiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) (1) was found to be outstanding and is unmatched by any other known sensitizer. Nanocrystalline Ti02 films coated with a monolayer of 1 harvest visible light very efficiently, their absorption threshold being around 800 nm. Conversion of incident photons into electric current is nearly quantitative over a large spectral range. These films were incorporated in a thin-layer regenerative solar cell equipped with a light-reflecting counter electrode. Short-circuit photocurrents exceeding 17 mA/cmZ were obtained in simulated AM 1.5 sunlight using lithium iodide/triiodide in acetonitrile or acetonitrile/ 3-methyl-2-oxazolidinone mixtures as redox electrolyte. The open-circuit photovoltage was 0.38 V and increased to 0.72 V by treating the dye-covered film with 4-terr-butylpyridine. A solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of 10% was attained with this system. The effect of temperature on the power output and long-term stability of the dye was also investigated. For the first time, a device based on a simple molecular light absorber attains a conversion efficiency commensurate with that of conventional silicon-based photovoltaic cells. a broad spectral range in the~isible.~ A subsequent time-resolved luminescence study by Eichberger and Willig3m showed this effect to be due to ultrafast (7 < 7 ps) electron injection from the excited state of the complex into the conduction band of the oxide occurring with a quantum yield near 100%. These important observations warrant further studies of the behavior of the relatively unexplored class of bis(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)- type redox sensitizers. Apart from their chemical stability and ease of interfacial charge exchange with semiconducting solids, the attractive feature of these complexes is their large visible light harvesting capacity which is superior to that of the widely studied tris(bipyridy1) Ru(I1) analogues, making them a judicious choice for solar energy conversion devices.
Small bowel obstruction secondary to herniation through a 5-mm laparoscopic trocar site following laparoscopic lymphadenectomy. (1999)

Incisional hernias occur in <1% of women undergoing operative laparoscopy and are mostly limited to trocar sites > or =10 mm. This is a report of a 54-year-old woman with endometrial cancer who presented with nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain 1 week following laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and lymphadenectomy. Abdominal radiographs and computed tomography demonstrated small bowel obstruction and herniation through a 5-mm trocar site. Reduction of the hernia and closure of the fascial incision were performed at exploratory laparotomy with normal recovery. Bowel herniation can occur through 5-mm trocar sites following prolonged operative laparoscopy. The peritoneum and fascia of these incisions should be closed.
Programming against Multi-Version Metamodels: A Model Differencing and Virtualization Approach. (2015)

Current model manipulation programs more and more have to cope with multiple metamodel versions. This includes tool integration scenarios and language evolution scenarios where newer metamodel versions are available while legacy metamodels are still being used. However, in current metamodeling frameworks such as the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF), specific model manipulation programs are needed for each version leading to code duplication, and thus, to high development and maintenance efforts. By using virtualization techniques, interfaces for manipulating a set of models instead of a single model on the Java level can be automatically generated. This allows to avoid code duplication by introducing only a small syntactic overhead. By using Java annotations for defining the virtualization strategy, we can achieve virtual models being seamlessly integrated into Java as POJOs. Based on a running example, we demonstrate our architecture. The proposed approach is implemented as an open-source project on top of EMF and has been already successfully applied for model migration scenarios.
Nouvelle approche de la dosimétrie des rayonnements ionisants par mesure de fluorescence, selon la technique du comptage de photon unique, corrélé en temps, à l'échelle nanoseconde (2011)

The purpose of this study relies on a new approach of the ionizing radiation dosimetry through fluorescence measurement. We showed the existence of a correlation between the dose received by a scintillator and the quantity of light emitted using the time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) method. From a fundamental point of view, we described the different processes taking place when a medium is irradiated, leading to fluorescence emission. We used Voltz's theory, which explains the temporal evolution of this emission. This theory describes the light emission as an addition of two processes, a fast and a delayed component. During this study an experimental multimodal platform was developed allowing us to acquire innovative data about fluorescence emission intensity under different linear energy transfer. This platform allows us to study the delayed fluorescence mechanisms, at a nanosecond timescale and at different temperatures, under continuous irradiation. From a dosimetric point of view, we demonstrated that the TCSPC method provide a better spatial resolution in the dose measurement, within the hadrontherapy frame, than that of the conventional method. . A dosimeter prototype was also developed during this study based on scintillating optic fibers. Satisfactory results were obtained motivating us to use the prototype for medical X and gamma radiation dosimetry.
Deamidated Gliadin Peptides Form Epitopes That Transglutaminase Antibodies Recognize (2008)

Certain deamidated gliadin-derived peptides and transglutaminase 2 epitopes have similar 3-dimensional appearance. This homology may contribute to the induction of transglutaminase autoantibodies by molecular mimicry.
Borderline High Serum Free Light Chain κ/λ Ratios Are Seen Not Only in Dialysis Patients but Also in Non–Dialysis-Dependent Renal Impairment and Inflammatory States (2009)

We read with interest the article by Abadie et al1 and would like to add our observations that largely corroborate their findings. Abadie et al1 provide confirmatory data that renal reference intervals are required when interpreting the serum free light chain (FLC) ratio in patients suspected of having plasma cell dyscrasias. Because borderline ratios cause significant diagnostic confusion, we were interested to further characterize the clinical characteristics of patients who had borderline abnormal serum FLC ratios and no evidence of plasma cell dyscrasias or lymphoproliferative disorders.

We performed a retrospective audit of FLC assays performed between January 1, 2006, and September 13, 2008, at 3 tertiary referral hospitals and correlated cases with borderline abnormal ratios (arbitrarily defined as 0.13–0.25 and 1.66–3.2, ie, 2 times …
Ultrasonic Imaging Catheter (1988)

We report on a new imaging catheter using high frequency ultrasound to produce short range (8 mm), high resolution rotary scan images from within blood vessels. The objective of the system is to aid the interventional physician in performing angioplasty on stenoses. This system provides an adjunct, and potentially an alternative, to fluoroscopy and optical angioscopy in the diagnosis and visualization of stenotic lesions. We have constructed prototypes of a 6 F (2 mm) system and begun clinical evaluation in human peripheral vessels.
Molecular and cellular defects of skeletal muscle in an animal model of acute quadriplegic myopathy (2006)

Muscle denervation and concomitant high-dose dexamethasone treatment in rodents produces characteristic pathologic features of severe muscle atrophy and selective myosin heavy filament (MyHC) depletion, identical to those seen in acute quadriplegic myopathy (AQM), also known as critical illness myopathy. We tested the hypothesis that defective pre-translational processes contribute to the atrophy and selective MyHC depletion in this model. We examined the effects of combined glucocorticoid-denervation treatment on MyHC and actin mRNA populations; we also studied mRNA expression of the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), primary transcription factors for MyHC. Adult female rats were subjected to proximal sciatic denervation followed by high-dose dexamethasone (DD) treatment (5 mg/kg body weight daily) for 7 days. Disease controls included rats treated with denervation alone (DN) or dexamethasone alone (DX). At 1 week the plantaris atrophied by approximately 42% in DD muscles. DD treatment resulted in selective MyHC protein depletion; actin protein concentration was not significantly changed. Despite an increase in total RNA concentration in DN and DD muscles, MyHC and actin mRNA concentrations were significantly decreased in these muscles. MyHC mRNA showed a significantly more extensive depletion relative to actin mRNA in DD muscles. Glucocorticoid treatment did not influence a denervation-induced increase in the mRNA expression of the MRFs. We conclude that a deleterious interaction between glucocorticoid and denervation treatments in skeletal muscle is responsible for pre-translational defects that reduce actin and MyHC mRNA substrates in a disproportionate fashion. The resultant selective MyHC depletion contributes to the severe muscle atrophy.
Protons resolve dual effects of calcium on miniature end-plate potential frequency at frog neuromuscular junctions. (1989)

Inhibition of transmitter release by protons (H+) was studied at the frog neuromuscular junction at various extracellular concentrations of calcium ([Ca++]o) and potassium ([K+]o) by recording miniature end-plate potential (MEPP) frequency with the intracellular microelectrode. H+ decreased K+ -stimulated MEPP frequency. A double logarithmic graph of MEPP frequency at 7.5 mM K+ vs. [H+]o yielded a straight line with negative slope. At 10 mM K+, there was a parallel shift to the right of the graph. According to the surface charge model, K+ acts solely to depolarize the prejunctional membrane in accordance with the Nernst equation. By decreasing the prejunctional negative surface charge, H+ decreases K+ -stimulated MEPP frequency by decreasing [Ca++]o at the Ca++ channel. An estimated pKa of 4.20 may represent an acidic site at the Ca++ channel associated with Ca++ influx. As [Ca++]o increased above 1 mM for pH 7.40 and 10 mM K+, MEPP frequency decreased, i.e., the inhibitory component of dual effects of Ca++ occurred. At pH 6.40, the inhibitory component was abolished, unmasking the stimulatory effect of Ca++ on MEPP frequency. Reversal of Ca++ action by H+ could not be explained by surface charge theory alone. A double logarithmic graph of MEPP frequency vs. [K+]o at 8.5-10.5 mM was linear with a slope of 4. There were parallel shifts to the right of this graph for changes in pH from 7.40 to 6.90 and in [Ca++]o from 1 to 2.5 mM. These results are explained on the hypothesis that K+ also acts at an acidic prejunctional site to increase Ca++ -dependent quantal transmitter release. This action of K+ was inhibited by H+ and raised Ca++. Based on kinetic theory, the estimated pKa of the acidic prejunctional K+ site was 6.31. Based on free energy calculations, its cation preference was H+ greater than K+ greater than Ca++.
Corticostriatal synaptic function in mouse models of Huntington's disease: early effects of huntingtin repeat length and protein load (2007)

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, late onset, neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits and dementia that is caused by expansion of a CAG repeat in the HD gene. Clinical manifestations result from selective neuronal degeneration of predominantly GABAergic striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs). A growing number of studies demonstrate that personality, mood and cognitive disturbances are some of the earliest signs of HD and may reflect synaptic dysfunction prior to neuronal loss. Previous studies in striatal MSNs demonstrated early alterations in NMDA-type glutamate receptor currents in several HD mouse models, as well as evidence for presynaptic dysfunction prior to disease manifestations in the R6/2 HD fragment mouse model. We have compared corticostriatal synaptic function in full-length, human HD gene-carrying YAC transgenic mice expressing a non-pathogenic CAG repeat (YAC18; control) with three increasingly severe variants of pathogenic HD gene-expressing mice (YAC72 and two different lines of YAC128), at ages that precede any detectable disease phenotype. We report presynaptic dysfunction and a propensity towards synaptic depression in YAC72 and YAC128 compared to YAC18 mice, and, in the most severe model, we also observed altered AMPA receptor function. When normalized to evoked AMPAR currents, postsynaptic NMDAR currents are augmented in all three pathogenic HD YAC variants. These findings demonstrate multiple perturbations to corticostriatal synaptic function in HD mice, furthering our understanding of the early effects of the HD mutation that may contribute to cognitive dysfunction, mood disorders and later development of more serious dysfunction. Furthermore, this study provides a set of neurophysiological sequelae against which to test and compare other mouse models and potential therapies in HD.
The separation of lipoproteins from egg yolk and their effect on the motility and integrity of bovine spermatozoa (1977)

Lipoproteins were separated by centrifugation and column chromatography and included in citrate-based semen diluents. One lipoprotein fraction was particularly effective in preventing injury to bovine spermatozoa during dilution and freezing and thawing when assessed using motility and release of hyaluronidase as criteria of cell damage. Radioactive labelling of egg-yolk lipids demonstrated that egg-yolk components remained associated with spermatozoa even after extensive washing to remove diluent. The patterns of labelling of lipids extracte from the washed spermatozoa did not indicate that particular lipids became associated with spermatozoa. Increases in the specific radioactivity of lipid extracts from washed spermatozoa lent support to the contention that lipoproteins become firmly bound to the cells.
Plastibell circumcision. (1990)

A complication of Plastibell circumcision requiring hospital admission is described. This occurred in three siblings of different ages who were circumcised at the same time by a non-medical religious operator. The complication was caused by proximal dislocation of the Plastibell ring, which failed to fall off at the usual time. In one case a general anaesthetic was required to remove the ring. Careful observation, by informed parents, after such a procedure will allow early intervention which should prevent such an occurrence.
Right of a Subsequent Stockholder to Redress Corporate Wrongs Consummated Prior to His Acquisition of the Stock (1921)

Discarded at birth, the placenta is a highly complex and fascinating organ. During the course of a pregnancy, it acts as the lungs, gut, kidneys, and liver of the fetus. The placenta also has major endocrine actions that modulate maternal physiology and metabolism and provides a safe and protective milieu in which the fetus can develop. The human placenta undergoes dramatic transformations in form and function between the first trimester, when organogenesis occurs, and the remainder of pregnancy that reflect evolutionary responses to changing oxygen concentrations in the earth's atmosphere. Recent research indicates a more interactive dialogue between the placenta and the maternal tissues than previously recognized. The endometrial glands provide histotrophic support during the first weeks of pregnancy, and the placenta appears able to stimulate its own development by up-regulating gland activity in response to endocrine signals. Extravillous trophoblast cells migrate from the placenta into the uterine wall, in which they interact with cells of the maternal innate immune system. These interactions have a physiological, rather than a classical immunological, outcome and most probably mediate remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries that supply the placenta. Furthermore, deportation of aggregates of transcriptionally active trophoblast nuclei, and the release of exosomes carrying microribonucleic acids challenge our perceptions of fetal-maternal signaling and where the placental interface actually lies. Here we reconsider definitions of the placenta in the light of these recent advances.
Low-cost, quasi-solid-state and TCO-free highly bendable dye-sensitized cells on paper substrate (2012)

A highly conductive Ni-coated commercial paper substrate (square resistance <1 Ω) was prepared by chemical deposition, and used as the substrate for a flexible TiO2 film electrode derived from a binder-free TiO2 paste, and heat treated at 250 °C. A low-cost, quasi-solid-state and TCO-free highly bendable paper-based dye-sensitized solar cell with conversion efficiency up to 2.90% is fabricated successfully by applying an iodine-free electrolyte. This encouraging result indicates that commercial paper is a promising material for use in dye-sensitized solar cells because of its flexibility, low cost and relatively high resistance to temperature. Compared with the rigid transparent conducting oxide (TCO) coated glass and flexible conductive plastic substrates, the potential of using mature paper making and coating technologies will greatly reduce the cost of the current photovoltaic devices.
LINQ in Action (2008)

LLINQ, Language INtegrated Query, is a new extension to the Visual Basic and C# programming languages designed to simplify data queries and database interaction. It addreses O/R mapping issues by making query operations like SQL statements part of the programming language. It also offers built-in support for querying in-memory collections like arrays or lists, XML, DataSets, and relational databases. LINQ in Action is a fast-paced, comprehensive tutorial for professional developers. This book explores what can be done with LINQ, shows how it works in an application, and addresses the emerging best practices. It presents the general purpose query facilities offered by LINQ in the upcoming C# 3.0 and VB.NET 9.0 languages. A running example introduces basic LINQ concepts. You'll then learn to query unstructured data using LINQ to XML and relational data with LINQ to SQL. Finally, you'll see how to extend LINQ for custom applications.LINQ in Action will guide you along as you explore this new world of lambda expressions, query operators, and expression trees. As well, you'll explore the new features of C# 3.0, VB.NET 9.0. The book is very practical, anchoring each new idea with running code. Whether you want to use LINQ to query objects, XML documents, or relational databases, you will find all the information you need to get startedBut LINQ in Action does not stop at the basic code. This book also shows you how LINQ can be used for advanced processing of data, including coverage of LINQ's extensibility, which allows querying more data sources than those supported by default. All code samples are built on a concrete business case. The running example, LinqBooks, is a personal book cataloging system that shows you how to create LINQ applications with Visual Studio 2008.
Pareto Optimality for Sensor Placements in a Water Distribution System (2010)

As society looks to provide the most effective identification of possible intrusion events, issues of sensor placement in water distribution systems are drawing increased attention. A multiple objective optimization problem with two competitive objectives is formulated herein: (1) minimize time delay, and (2) maximize sensor detection redundancy. The two objectives are evaluated, based on a prebuilt database containing the array of potential intrusion events and detection information. Pareto fronts are developed to assess impacts of increasing numbers of sensors by nondominated genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Further, Pareto front performance improvement of increasing numbers of sensors is quantified by average normalized Euclidean distance to identify the point of diminishing marginal return aiming to provide rationale for estimating the number of sensors needed for a water distribution system. A case study is conducted for the City of Guelph water distribution system. It is observed that increasing the numbers of sensors results in better performance on the Pareto front. The Pareto front improvement rate indicates five sensors as the point of diminishing marginal return, which provides a basis for determining the number of sensors needed for the Guelph water distribution system.
In Vivo and In Vitro Biosynthesis of Saponins in Sea Cucumbers (1995)

The triterpene precursor of saponins in sea cucumbers has been identified as parkeol [lanost-9(11)-en-3 beta-ol] [1]. Dissection of the sea cucumbers Holothuria floridea and Actinopyga agassize after incubations with radiolabeled parkeol demonstrated that saponin biosynthesis occurs exclusively in the Cuvier gland. This result was corroborated by incubating a cell-free extract of the Cuvier gland with labeled parkeol and observing transformation of the precursor to saponins.
Evaluation of Induced Radioactivity in 10MeV-Electron Irradiated Spices (II). .BETA.-Ray Counting. (1994)

香辛料の元素組成からリストアップされた10MeV電子線照射により生じる恐れのある (γ, n) 反応由来のβ線放出核種を検出するため照射試料のβ線計測を行った。100kGy照射した2πガスフローカウンタ, 液体シンチレーションカウンタによる計測では誘導放射能は検出されなかった。 (γ, n) 反応の標的核種を含む化合物を照射した場合の誘導放射能の値から, 天然の試料の誘導放射能は無視できるレベルであると考えられた。