gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>SITAR</i>: GUI Test Script Repair (2015)

System testing of a GUI-based application requires that test cases, consisting of sequences of user actions/events, be executed and the software's output be verified. To enable automated re-testing, such test cases are increasingly being coded as low-level test scripts, to be replayed automatically using test harnesses. Whenever the GUI changes—widgets get moved around, windows get merged—some scripts become unusable because they no longer encode valid input sequences. Moreover, because the software's output may have changed, their <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">test oracles</i> —assertions and checkpoints—encoded in the scripts may no longer correctly check the intended GUI objects. We present <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ScrIpT repAireR</i> ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SITAR</i> ), a technique to automatically <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">repair</i> unusable low-level test scripts. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SITAR</i> uses reverse engineering techniques to create an abstract test for each script, maps it to an annotated event-flow graph (EFG), uses repairing transformations and human input to repair the test, and synthesizes a new “repaired” test script. During this process, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SITAR</i> also repairs the reference to the GUI objects used in the checkpoints yielding a final test script that can be executed automatically to validate the revised software. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SITAR</i> amortizes the cost of human intervention across multiple scripts by accumulating the human knowledge as annotations on the EFG. An experiment using QTP test scripts suggests that <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SITAR</i> is effective in that 41-89 percent unusable test scripts were repaired. Annotations significantly reduced human cost after 20 percent test scripts had been repaired.
Malicious Executables Classification Based on Behavioral Factor Analysis (2010)

Malware is an increasingly important problem that threatens the security of computer systems. The new concept of cloud security require rapid and automated detection and classification of malicious software. In this paper,we propose a behavior-based automated classification method. Depends on behavioral analysis we characterize malware behavioral profile in a trace report. This report contains the status change caused by the executable and event which are transfered from corresponding Win32 API calls and their certain parameters, we extract behaviour unit strings as features which reflect different malware families behavioral patterns. These features vector space servered as input to the SVM. We use string similarity and information gain to reduce the dimension of feature space. Comparative experiments with a real world data set of malicious executables shows that our proposed method can classify malware into different malware families with higher accuracy and efficiency.
Perceptual speech processing and phonetic feature mapping for robust vowel recognition (2000)

We propose perceptual speech processing and phonetic feature mapping, which are inspired by the human auditory perceptual characteristics. The proposed perceptual speech processing is based on three perceptual characteristics and consists of three independent processing steps: masking effect, minimum audible field renormalization, and mel-scale resampling. They remove unperceptible spectral components, and adjust the magnitude and frequency scales of speech spectra, respectively. We apply these three processing steps to the speech spectrum sequentially to generate a new speech signal representation called the perceptual spectrum. For Mandarin vowel recognition, nine representative vowels are selected as references and similarity measures to these reference spectra, called phonetic features, are then generated from the perceptual spectrum. These phonetic features then serve as speech parameters in a continuous HMM-based recognition, stage. With these two techniques, a high recognition accuracy on Mandarin vowel phonemes has been achieved. Further experiments confirm that significant improvement on recognition robustness with respect to speaker variation and noise contamination can also obtained.
Cleaning for vacuum service (1999)

This paper will discuss the background to choosing an appropriate cleaning process for a vacuum vessel or component dependent on the pressure regime required.Examples of cleaning techniques and processes will be given and ways of determining whether or not an item is sufficiently clean will be discussed.
Luminescence properties and scintillation mechanisms of cerium- and praseodymium-doped lutetium orthoaluminate (1997)

Absorption, reflection as well as luminescence emission, excitation, and decay curves for single crystals of and grown by the Bridgman technique have been measured at various temperatures. The fluorescence spectra photo-excited over a wide energy domain ranging from the UV to the x-ray region, and the kinetics are typical of the cerium and praseodymium ions. These experimental results show that the exciton transfer to the dopant occurs at around 8 eV, and the energy transfer via sequential hole and electron trapping is dominant at higher energy. This process must be considered as the main scintillation mechanism in this crystal. The high efficiency of this mechanism is explained by the small energy difference between the 4f level of the dopant and the top of the valence band, estimated from XPS measurements.
Spectroscopic studies of barium aluminate glycolate, Ba[Al2(C2H4O2)4], a 5-coordinate aluminum compound (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic studies of barium aluminate glycolate, Ba[Al2(C2H4O2)4], a 5-coordinate aluminum compoundBruno Herreros, Tery L. Barr, and Jacek KlinowskiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 3, 738–741Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100054a004https://doi.org/10.1021/j100054a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Lycopodium alkaloids (2004)

Lycopodium alkaloids are quinolizine, or pyridine and alpha-pyridone type alkaloids. Some Lycopodium alkaloids are potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Huperzine A (HupA) is reported to increase efficiency for learning and memory in animals, and it shows promise in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). 201 Lycopodium alkaloids from 54 species of Lycopodium (sensu lato) have been reported so far. This review is intended to to cover the chemical, pharmacological and clinical research on Lycopodium alkaloids reported in the literature from the spring of 1993 to August 2004. Structures of 81 new Lycopodium alkaloids are presented, classified and analyzed. The structural characters and biogenetic relationships of the four major Lycopodium alkaloid groups (lycopodine, lycodine, fawcettimine and miscellaneous) are discussed. Bioactivities of Lycopodium alkaloids, especially HupA, are summarized. In particular, the effect of HupA and other cholinesterase inhibitors (anti-AD drugs) on acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in the rat cortex and butylcholine esterase activity are compared. Structure-activity relationships and structure modifications of HupA and its analogs are described. Information on clinical trials with HupA and its derivative ZT-1 is presented. The state of HupA availability and recent advances in in vitro propagation of HupA producing plants are outlined. Finally, hypotheses about Lycopodium alkaloid biosynthetic pathways are discussed.
IL‐1β Expression in Islet Cells of the NOD Mouse and Its Spatial Relationship to Beta Cells and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (2002)

The expression of IL-1beta in the NOD mouse pancreas was examined following disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide (Cy). Female NOD mice were injected with Cy at day 95 and the pancreas examined immunohistochemically at days 0, 4, 7, 11, and 14 (Cy group). Cyclophosphamide was also administered to NOD mice that were given oral nicotinamide from day 21. At day 0 (Cy group), IL-1beta was expressed in selective intraislet macrophages but showed an increase from day 7 onwards in macrophages, a few beta cells, and somatostatin cells. Peak expression was seen at day 11, when it was significantly higher than in day-11 mice given nicotinamide. In the Cy group a proportion of macrophages coexpressed IL-1beta and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). IL-1beta expressed within the islet macrophages may act in concert with other cytokines, promote free radical generation including NO, and promote beta cell death during IDDM.
Redox initiated cationic polymerization: The unique behavior of alkyl glycidyl ethers (2011)

Abstract Redox systems composed of a diaryliodonium or a triarylsulfonium salt together with a silane bearing SiH groups were used for the in situ generation of strong Brønsted acids at room temperature in the presence of alkyl glycidyl ether monomers. Secondary oxiranium intermediates are generated with lifetimes from minutes to hours at room temperature. These systems undergo rapid, exothermic cationic chain polymerization when the temperature is raised. Metastable monomer‐redox initiator systems were also observed to undergo frontal polymerizations when a localized heat source is applied to the sample. The application of these delayed cationic ring‐opening polymerization systems for the development of one‐component structural adhesives that undergo rapid thermosetting at low temperatures are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
A Theory of Lubrication by Microirregularities (1966)

This paper describes a theory of liquid lubrication applicable to parallel surfaces, such as the surfaces of a rotary-shaft face seal. The lubrication mechanism presented is based on surface microirregularities and associated film cavities. Closed-form analytical solutions are obtained giving load capacity as a function of speed, viscosity, and surface-asperity dimensions. The theoretical results agree qualitatively with load capacity determined experimentally for three asperity distributions.
Pre-clinical evaluation of a microwave planar array applicator for superficial hyperthermia (1993)

Multi-element hyperthermia applicators have an advantage over single-aperture devices in that the power deposition pattern across the applicator surface may be adjusted to improve the resultant temperature distribution. This capability can be used to compensate for irregular tumour geometry as well as heterogeneity of thermal and power absorption parameters within the tissue. This paper evaluates the first commercially available microwave system of this type designed for superficial hyperthermia. The applicator (16-element planar array, 915 MHz, 15.2 x 15.2 cm footprint) was evaluated by the following: (1) measuring absolute SAR distributions in muscle-equivalent liquid phantom with an intervening 1 cm thick layer of fat phantom by scanning a calibrated E-field sensor, and (2) power output measurements using calorimetric methods. The SAR distributions measured for each individual aperture exhibited significant irregularities and differing power deposition patterns. A priori knowledge of these different power deposition characteristics was used to provide appropriate illumination schemes which could be used as initial starting points for producing clinically useful power deposition patterns. Measurements of these composite patterns demonstrate the adjustable nature and flexibility of the heating capabilities of this applicator, which includes 50% iso-SAR coverage that can be extended to the applicator perimeter. This clearly illustrates the clinical utility and potential advantages of this system over single-aperture devices for superficial hyperthermia.
Bi-directional OFDM Transmission using Adaptive Modulation that spreads Data Symbols (2006)

An adaptive modulation in OFDM transmission is an effective scheme in order to increase transmission rate. In performing adaptive modulation, the transmitter must transmit allocation information of modulation scheme as packet header in order for receiver to demodulate symbols exactly. When different modulation scheme is allocated to each sub-carrier according to its channel state, transmission of huge allocation information of modulation scheme is required. This leads to degradation of transmission performance. Therefore, we propose an adaptive modulation scheme in OFDM that makes less allocation information transmission. In this paper, the proposed scheme is applied to bi-directional communication and detailed performance is analyzed
Computational simulation of the intervertebral disc (2013)

The intervertebral disc is a complex structure unlike any other in the human body. The capability to withstand high loads and deformations in six degrees of freedom is facilitated by the unique soft tissue structures. However, the mechanical behaviour of these tissues is not well understood.\n\nThe aim of this project was to investigate methods of deriving structural information about the tissues of the intervertebral disc for application in computational simulation, with particular focus on the mechanical function of the annulus fibrosis and how the behaviour of this tissue is governed by its substructures.\n\nMagnetic resonance imaging techniques were assessed for potential to inform specimen specific models of the disc. Imaging sequences were developed and validated to image in vitro disc samples in unloaded and compressed states. These images captured the lamellar structure of the annulus in three dimensions to a level of detail not previously published.\n\nThe image data facilitated the development of a novel method of specimen specific model construction, as well as providing experimental deformation data, against which the models were directly validated.\n\nSensitivity analyses on both generalised and specimen specific models illustrated the influence of interlamellar interaction representation on the gross mechanics of the disc models. The models were adapted to illustrate the effects of tissue degeneration and intervention on disc mechanics\n\nInterlamellar interactions and tissue level mechanics were further investigated by developing specimen specific models of disc tissue samples based on microscopy data. Novel methods were developed to implement qualitative histological data into finite element analyses of annulus tissue samples. Interlamellar interactions were shown to provide a strong bond between lamellae.\n\nThe parameters and variables involved in the mechanical system of the disc pose major challenges for experimental investigation. This study has successfully laid the ground work to negotiate these challenges using a computational approach
A Diagnostic Technique for the identification of Misfiring Cylinder(s) (1987)

This paper introduces a diagnostic technique for the detection of misfiring cylinders in internal combustion engines. The technique requires the analysis of the instantaneous angular velocity of an engine flywheel. The results show that the mean cyclic acceleration, maximum variation in angular velocity, and the cyclic period of acceleration can be used as a measure for the mean net torque and the mean net expansion pressure torque produced by each cylinder. The proposed technique has proven to be effective in identifying a faulty cylinder using efficient and simple computations.
Benzobisoxazole Cruciforms: Heterocyclic Fluorophores with Spatially Separated Frontier Molecular Orbitals (2011)

We report the synthesis of nine conjugated cruciform-shaped molecules based on the central benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bisoxazole nucleus, at which two conjugated currents intersect at a ~90° angle. Cruciforms' substituents were varied pairwise among the electron-neutral phenyl groups, electron-rich 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl substituents, and electron-poor pyridines. Hybrid density functional theory calculations revealed that the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) are localized (24-99%) in all cruciforms, in contrast to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) which are strongly dependent on the substitution and less localized (6-64%). Localization of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) along different axes of these cruciforms makes them promising as sensing platforms, since analyte binding to the cruciform should mandate a change in the HOMO-LUMO gap and the resultant optical properties. This prediction was verified using UV/vis absorption and emission spectroscopy: cruciforms' protonation results in hypsochromic and bathochromic shifts consistent with the preferential stabilization of HOMO and LUMO, respectively. In donor-acceptor-substituted systems, a two-step optical response to protonation was observed, wherein an initial bathochromic shift is followed by a hypsochromic one with continued acidification. X-ray diffraction studies of three selected cruciforms revealed the expected ~90° angle between the cruciform's substituents, and crystal packing patterns dominated by [π···π] stacking and edge-to-face [C-H···π] contacts.
Non-invasive approach for diagnosing atrophic gastritis using the 13C-bicarbonate breath test (2001)

The experiments presented here were done to evaluate whether the levels of CO2 in respiratory air during the 13C-bicarbonate breath test (13C-BBT) may be used as a marker of non-invasive diagnosis of the levels of atrophic gastritis. Twenty-eight patients with chronic gastritis and five healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Moreover, experimental gastritis was induced in rats by N-methy-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. In human, the levels of atrophic gastritis were evaluated from the vascular pattern of the gastric fornix. Total delta 13CO2 calculated from the 13C-BBT and the mucosal thickness ratio (MTR) were measured in rats with experimental gastritis. The levels of 13CO2 were significantly higher from patients with a vascular pattern at the fornix than in those without a vascular pattern (p<0.01). There was a good correlation between MTR and the levels of 13CO2, in rats with experimental gastritis (p<0.01). These findings indicate that the levels of 13CO2 during 13C-BBT reflect the levels of atrophic gastritis and show its clinical significance for non-invasive evaluation of atrophic gastritis. This has important clinical implications in selecting Helicobacter pylori-positive cases for therapy and follow-up.
Content-based video retrieval based on similarity of frame sequence (2002)

Video retrieval is one of the important design issues of multimedia database management systems. The distinguished features of video retrieval lie in the similarity measures and content-based retrieval. Most research on content-based video retrieval represents the content of video as a set of frames leaving out the temporal ordering of frames in the shot. In this paper, the similarity measures of video content are investigated. We propose a series of similarity measures based on the similarity of frame sequence which take temporal ordering into consideration. The corresponding algorithms are also presented. The effectiveness of the developed similarity measures measured by precision and recall is also described.
Optical twisters: beams having twists in both phase and amplitude (2009)

We describe a diffracting beam with orbital angular momentum (OAM) but with a helical profile in both phase and amplitude components of the beam. This is different from Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams where only the phase component has a helical profile. Such profile in LG beams introduces a phase singularity at the centre and produces a dark region surrounded by a ring-shaped light pattern. For LG-beams, the ring radius is proportional to the degree of helicity or topological charge of the beam. The beam we describe here is initially characterized with an apodized helical phase front at the outskirts and linearly scaled towards no phase singularity at the centre of the beam. At the focal volume, we show that our beam forms an intensity distribution that can be accurately described as an "optical twister" as it propagates in the forward direction. Unlike LG beams, an optical twister can have minimal changes in radius but with a scalable OAM. Furthermore, we characterize the OAM in terms of its capacity to introduce spiral motion on particles trapped along its orbit. We also show that our "optical twister" maintains a high concentration of photons at the focus even as the topological charge is increased. Such beams can be applied to fundamental studies of light and atoms such as in quantum entanglement of the OAM, toroidal traps for cold atoms and for optical manipulation of microscopic particles.
Optimizing Batch Linear Queries under Exact and Approximate Differential Privacy (2015)

Differential privacy is a promising privacy-preserving paradigm for statistical query processing over sensitive data. It works by injecting random noise into each query result such that it is provably hard for the adversary to infer the presence or absence of any individual record from the published noisy results. The main objective in differentially private query processing is to maximize the accuracy of the query results while satisfying the privacy guarantees. Previous work, notably Li et al. [2010], has suggested that, with an appropriate strategy, processing a batch of correlated queries as a whole achieves considerably higher accuracy than answering them individually. However, to our knowledge there is currently no practical solution to find such a strategy for an arbitrary query batch; existing methods either return strategies of poor quality (often worse than naive methods) or require prohibitively expensive computations for even moderately large domains. Motivated by this, we propose a low-rank mechanism (LRM), the first practical differentially private technique for answering batch linear queries with high accuracy. LRM works for both exact (i.e., ϵ-) and approximate (i.e., (ϵ, δ)-) differential privacy definitions. We derive the utility guarantees of LRM and provide guidance on how to set the privacy parameters, given the user's utility expectation. Extensive experiments using real data demonstrate that our proposed method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art query processing solutions under differential privacy, by large margins.