gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of N-Linked Glycosylation Disrupts Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling in Tumor Cells (2008)

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are therapeutic targets for the treatment of malignancy. However, tumor cells develop resistance to targeted therapies through the activation of parallel signaling cascades. Recent evidence has shown that redundant or compensatory survival signals responsible for resistance are initiated by nontargeted glycoprotein RTKs coexpressed by the cell. We hypothesized that disrupting specific functions of the posttranslational machinery of the secretory pathway would be an effective strategy to target both primary and redundant RTK signaling. Using the N-linked glycosylation inhibitor, tunicamycin, we show that expression levels of several RTKS (EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, and IGF-IR) are exquisitely sensitive to inhibition of N-linked glycosylation. Disrupting this synthetic process reduces both cellular protein levels and receptor activity in tumor cells through retention of the receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi compartments. Using U251 glioma and BXPC3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines, two cell lines resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies, we show that inhibiting N-linked glycosylation markedly reduces RTK signaling through Akt and radiosensitizes tumor cells. In comparison, experiments in nontransformed cells showed neither a reduction in RTK-dependent signaling nor an enhancement in radiosensitivity, suggesting the potential for a therapeutic ratio between tumors and normal tissues. This study provides evidence that enzymatic steps regulating N-linked glycosylation are novel targets for developing approaches to sensitize tumor cells to cytotoxic therapies.
A Time-recursive DCT And DST Parallel Lattice Structure For VLSI Implementation (1991)

A new scheme employing the time-recursive approach to compute the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete sine transform (DST) is presented. Using such approach, parallel lattice structure that can dually generate the DCT and DST simultaneously is developed. The resulting architecture is regular, module, and without global communication and can be applied to any transform size N.
The biogeochemistry of technetium: A review of the behavior of an artificial element in the natural environment (2010)

Interest in the chemistry of technetium has only increased since its discovery in 1937, mainly because of the large and growing inventory of ^99^Tc generated during fission of ^235^U, its environmental mobility in oxidizing conditions, and its potential radiotoxicity. For every ton of enriched uranium fuel (3% ^235^U) that is consumed at a typical burn-up rate, nearly 1 kg of ^99^Tc is generated. Thus, the mass of ^99^Tc produced since 1993 has nearly quadrupled, and the pace of generation will likely increase if more emphasis is placed on nuclear power to slow the accumulation of atmospheric greenhouse gases. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the interaction of ^99^Tc and the natural environment, we review the sources of ^99^Tc in the nuclear fuel cycle and its biogeochemical behavior. We include an evaluation of the use of Re as a chemical analog of Tc, as well as a summary of the redox potential, sorption, colloidal behavior, and interaction of humic substances with Tc, and the potential for re-oxidation and remobilization of Tc(IV). What emerges is a more complicated picture of Tc behavior than that of an easily tractable transition of Tc(VII) to Tc(IV) with consequent immobilization. Reducing conditions (+200 to +100 mV*E*~h~) and the presence of Fe(II) sorbed onto Fe(III) (oxy)hydroxides will bring the mobile Tc(VII) species to a lower oxidation state and will form the relatively insoluble Tc(IV)O~2~ · *n*H~2~O, but even as a solid, equilibrium concentrations of aqueous Tc are nearly a factor of 20× above the EPA set drinking water standards. However, sequestration of Tc(IV) into Fe(III)-bearing phases, such as goethite, iron-bearing phyllosilicates and, perhaps, siderite, may ameliorate concerns over the mobility of Tc. A key factor, elucidated through experiment, in retarding the mobility of Tc in the environment is isolation from exposure to oxygen. One way to achieve isolation from oxygen occurs when Tc is locked in a crystallographic position in a solid phase.
Integrated scheduling and buffer management for 3G wireless forward packet data channels (2005)

Third generation (3G) wireless networks have been designed to provide high speed data services on both forward and reverse links. In addition to increased data capacity they also support QoS (quality of service) guarantees for user applications. Users may run multiple applications (service instances) simultaneously and QoS guarantees must be assured for one or more of them. In order to maintain these QoS guarantees for each user's service instance, the radio resources assigned to the mobile must be adjusted in real time. However, the forward packet data channel in 3G systems are time-shared among all mobiles. Furthermore, the forward link channel conditions of the mobile changes over time. This implies that the forward link throughput available to the mobile is stochastic. In this paper, we address the linkage between the application demands (i.e., based on the QoS attribute guarantees) and the available channel capacity (i.e., resources assigned by the scheduler) and present a simple solution to the problem.
The Malonate Decarboxylase Operon of <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus</i> KCCM 40902 Is Regulated by Malonate and the Transcriptional Repressor MdcY (2000)

A regulatory gene-like open reading frame oriented oppositely to mdcL, coined mdcY, was found upstream from the structural genes of the mdcLMACDEGBH operon in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus KCCM 40902. To elucidate the function of this gene, mdcY was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the MdcY protein was purified to homogeneity. Its DNA binding activity and binding site were examined by gel retardation and footprinting assays in vitro and by site-directed mutagenesis of the binding sites in vivo. The regulator bound target DNA regardless of the presence of malonate, and the binding site was found centered at -65 relative to the mdcL transcriptional start site and contains a 12-bp palindromic structure (5'-ATTGTA/TACAAT-3'). Using a promoter fusion to the reporter gene luc, we found that the promoter P(mdcY) is negatively regulated by MdcY independent of malonate. However, the promoter P(mdcL) recovered its activity in the presence of malonate. When mdcY was introduced into A. calcoaceticus KCCM 40902 in which the gene is inactivated by an IS3 family element, malonate decarboxylase was significantly repressed in cultures growing in acetate, succinate, or Luria-Bertani medium. However, in cells growing in malonate, malonate decarboxylase was induced, indicating that MdcY is a transcriptional repressor and that malonate or a product resulting from malonate metabolism should be the intracellular inducer of the mdc operon.
Integrating Visualization and Interaction Research to Improve Scientific Workflows (2010)

Scientific-visualization research is, nearly by necessity, interdisciplinary. In addition to their collaborators in application domains (for example, cell biology), researchers regularly build on close ties with disciplines related to visualization, such as graphics, human-computer interaction, and cognitive science. One of these ties is the connection between visualization and interaction research. This isn't a new direction for scientific visualization (see the "Early Connections" sidebar). However, momentum recently seems to be increasing toward integrating visualization research (for example, effective visual presentation of data) with interaction research (for example, innovative interactive techniques that facilitate manipulating and exploring data). We see evidence of this trend in several places, including the visualization literature and conferences.
Absolute Quantitation of Glycoforms of Two Human IgG Subclasses Using Synthetic Fc Peptides and Glycopeptides (2018)

Immunoglobulins, such as immunoglobulin G (IgG), are of prime importance in the immune system. Polyclonal human IgG comprises four subclasses, of which IgG1 and IgG2 are the most abundant in healthy individuals. In an effort to develop an absolute MALDI-ToF-MS quantitative method for these subclasses and their Fc N-glycoforms, (glyco)peptides were synthesized using a solid-phase approach and used as internal standards. Tryptic digest glycopeptides from monoclonal IgG1 and IgG2 samples were first quantified using EEQYN(GlcNAc)STYR and EEQFN(GlcNAc)STFR standards, respectively. For IgG1, a similar glycopeptide where tyrosine (Y) was isotopically labelled was used to quantify monoclonal IgG1 that had been treated with the enzyme Endo-F2, i.e., yielding tryptic glycopeptide EEQYN(GlcNAc)STYR. The next step was to quantify single subclasses within polyclonal human IgG samples. Although ion abundances in the MALDI spectra often showed higher signals for IgG2 than IgG1, depending on the spotting solvent used, determination of amounts using the newly developed quantitative method allowed to obtain accurate concentrations where IgG1 species were predominant. It was observed that simultaneous analysis of IgG1 and IgG2 yielded non-quantitative results and that more success was obtained when subclasses were quantified one by one. More experiments served to assess the respective extraction and ionization efficiencies of EEQYNSTYR/EEQFNSTFR and EEQYN(GlcNAc)STYR/EEQFN(GlcNAc)STFR mixtures under different solvent and concentration conditions. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Giordano Bruno: El arte de la memoria (2000)

No es Giordano Bruno un personaje sencillo, y asi tampoco lo es su obra. Su figura se encuentra aun hoy envuelta en una gruesa niebla de mitomania: Martir de la Ciencia, Mago de la larga tradicion gnostica o hermetica, revolucionario politico, ?espia en la corte inglesa al servicio de la francesa? , agitador de masas. Sobre todo representa el pensador moderno que comprende que saber es poder, y que la fuerza de ese poder reside en el control de la posesion, difusion y, naturalmente, manipulacion de la informacion. Todas estas facetas resultan hoy inabarcables, pero ha constituido desde luego la ambicion de la humanidad que ha pretendido desde siempre y para siempre saberlo todo. Bruno comprendio bien el poder del saber y su condena por la Iglesia debio ser mas por el peligro que suponia su subversion que por sus ideas cientificas o sus practicas hereticas. Representa mas el ajusticiado por un poder que le contempla como un peligro, que el ilustre sabio consecuente con su sabiduria. Ofrecer en unas breves notas la magnitud y complejidad de su obra no es facil y, declaro, escapa a mis posibilidades, pero no quiero dejar pasar la oportunidad de intentar ofrecer una plataforma conceptual que sirva de punto de partida a la comprension de su pensamiento. Sin embargo, resultara que esta plataforma conceptual servira para comprender tambien un camino que siguio la humanidad desde el Renacimiento. Un camino que ha transformado ciudades en metropolis, enciclopedias en ordenadores, magias en tecnologias, imagenes en iconos, saber en poder. Bruno representa en el punto de su persona una multitud, de la misma manera sus obras se engarzan para compendiar un saber completo que nos permite hacer maravillas. Magia es hacer Maravillas y eso ha sido el esfuerzo de una humanidad que como a Bruno se le tornan negras y conducen a la Muerte. La Expulsion de la Bestia Triunfante -parece hoyha traido el triunfo de otra bestia mayor. Lo que sigue a continuacion es el intento de alguien que se acerca anecdoticamente al pensamiento bruniano, en alguna manera muy lejano ya a nuestra epoca, aunque en otro sentido muy cercano, y que llega desde un interes muy diverso y se encuentra finalmente con un escenario esclarecedor de la historia de la humanidad que alcanza a nuestros dias. Bruno es un pensador moderno, sin duda, y como tal subvierte la tradicion e ilumina el futuro. El interes lejano que me condujo hasta aqui es su arte de la memoria, una arquitectura de la mente para saberlo todo, para tener disponible todo el saber. El encuentro: la imbricacion de un pensamiento global en un modelo de vida, la reunion de una larga tradicion filosofica para ofrecer un futuro renovador. Gran Magia del saber que quiere perdurar y difundirse, combinarse y recrearse, pero sobre todo producir. Producciones que plantean la cuestion abierta de si la magia era blanca o negra. ?Como culmina en Bruno la larga tradicion de un Arte de la Memoria que se inicia ya en Grecia y como se edifica en una base conceptual que evita la erudicion o la idiotez?
In Situ Formation of Blends by Photopolymerization of Poly(ethylene glycol) Dimethacrylate and Polylactide (2005)

Blends of cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and poly(d,l-lactide) (PLA) were prepared by mixing photoactive PEGDMA (molecular mass: 875 g/mol) and PLA, and subsequently photopolymerizing the mixture with visible light. The effects of PLA molecular mass and mass fraction on the rheological properties of the PEGDMA/PLA mixtures, and on the degree of methacrylate vinyl conversion (DC), as well as blend miscibility, microstructure, mechanical properties, in vitro swelling behavior, and cell responses were studied. PLA-2K (molecular mass: 2096 g/mol) and PLA-63K (molecular mass: 63 000 g/mol) formed miscible and partially miscible blends with cross-linked PEGDMA, respectively. The addition of the PLA-2K did not affect the immediate or post-cure (>24 h) DC of the PEGDMA upon photopolymerization. However, the addition of PLA-63K decreased the immediate DC of the PEGDMA, which can be increased through extending the curing time or post-curing period. Compared to the cross-linked neat PEGDMA and PLA-2K/PEGDMA blends, PLA-63K/PEGDMA blends were significantly stronger, stiffer, and tougher. Both types of blends and the cross-linked PEGDMA swelled when soaked in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. The attachment and spreading of MCT3-E1 cells increased with increasing PLA-63K content in the blends. The facile and rapid formation of PEGDMA/PLA blends by photopolymerization represents a simple and efficient approach to a class of biomaterials with a broad spectrum of properties.
Proton‐ionizable crown compounds. <b>19</b>. The synthesis of chiral dialkyl‐substituted triazolo‐18‐crown‐6 macrocycles (1990)

Abstract Four new chiral macrocyclic polyether ligands containing the proton‐ionizable triazole subcyclic unit have been prepared. The triazolo‐crowns contain two isopropyl, two isobutyl, two ( S )‐ sec ‐butyl or two benzyl substituents on chiral macro ring carbon atoms. A racemic triazolo‐18‐crown‐6 containing two (1‐naphthoxy)methyl substituents was also prepared.
The Future is Unlicensed: Coexistence in the Unlicensed Spectrum for 5G (2018)

5G has to fulfill the requirements of ultra-dense, scalable, and customizable networks such as IoT while increasing spectrum and energy efficiency. Given the diversity of envisaged applications and scenarios, one crucial property for 5G New Radio (NR) is flexibility: flexible UL/DL allocation, bandwidths, or scalable transmission time interval, and most importantly operation at different frequency bands. In particular, 5G should exploit the spectral opportunities in the unlicensed spectrum for expanding network capacity when and where needed. However, unlicensed bands pose the challenge of "coexisting networks", which mostly lack the means of communication for negotiation and coordination. This deficiency is further exacerbated by the heterogeneity, massive connectivity, and ubiquity of IoT systems and applications. Therefore, 5G needs to provide mechanisms to coexist and even converge in the unlicensed bands. In that regard, WiFi, as the most prominent wireless technology in the unlicensed bands, is both a key enabler for boosting 5G capacity and competitor of 5G cellular networks for the shared unlicensed spectrum. In this work, we describe spectrum sharing in 5G and present key coexistence solutions, mostly in the context of WiFi. We also highlight the role of machine learning which is envisaged to be critical for reaching coexistence and convergence goals by providing the necessary intelligence and adaptation mechanisms.
Regorafenib Plus Nivolumab in Patients With Advanced Gastric or Colorectal Cancer: An Open-Label, Dose-Escalation, and Dose-Expansion Phase Ib Trial (REGONIVO, EPOC1603) (2020)

The combination of regorafenib 80 mg plus nivolumab had a manageable safety profile and encouraging antitumor activity in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer, which warrants additional investigations in larger cohorts.
Glaucoma in Ophthalmic Practice (1967)

This text is written by an ophthalmologist with an impressive background in the diagnosis and management of the glaucomas. He has compressed his experience into an excellent small book that reads like a lecture. As a result, he is able to take the reader by the hand and lead him on a well-conducted tour along the pathways of glaucoma. It is undoubtedly true that if patients were managed in accordance with the principles outlined by Leydhecker, they would be well treated. One significant deficiency noted in this book is lack of references. The interested reader cannot document statements made by the author that do not correlate with one's personal experience.
Electroporation of Mammalian Cells with a Firefly Luciferase Expression Plasmid: Kinetics of Transient Expression Differ Markedly among Cell Types (1988)

Electroporation in combination with the luciferase reporter system provides a rapid and sensitive means of determining transient expression from plasmid constructs in various mammalian cells. Conditions are described allowing efficient electroporation of several cell types with a commercial electroporation device. Measurements on extracts prepared at various times after electroporation showed a rapid rise in luciferase activity for up to 12 hr, which was followed, in certain cell types, by a rapid decline. With such cells, determinations made after 48-72 hr, as is conventional, would greatly underestimate expression of the luciferase reporter gene. Therefore, to observe optimum activity, the kinetics of expression must be determined for each cell type.
Noise figure of erbium doped fiber amplifiers in the saturated regime (1994)

We have made an experimental and theoretical study of the noise figure of an erbium doped fiber amplifier in the saturated regime. The saturated amplified spontaneous emission at the signal wavelength was measured using a very accurate pulsed source technique. We have quantified the noise figure dependence on compression, in excellent agreement with theory, to be less than 1.5 dB for a gain compression as high as 15 dB when the small signal gain was 26 dB, and the 1.48 μm pump power was 27 mW.
Histone H3 phosphorylation and expression of cyclins A and B1 measured in individual cells during their progression through G2 and mitosis (1998)

Phosphorylation of histone H3 (H3) on Ser-10 correlates with chromatin condensation at mitosis. A new monoclonal antibody (anti-H3-P) was developed that recognizes phosphorylated H3 (H3-P). This antibody was used in multiparameter flow cytometric analysis to relate H3 phosphorylation in individual human leukemic cells to the cells' position in the cycle as well as their expression of cyclins A and B1. Mitotic cells, from prophase to telophase, reacted with anti-H3-P; the binding of the antibody to chromatin of interphase cells was several times weaker. Cell growth in the presence of staurosporine, an inhibitor of the kinase(s) that phosphorylate H3, abolished the cells' reactivity with the antibody. The reactivity also was abolished by incubation of permeabilized mitotic cells with alkaline phosphatase. These data indicate that, within permeabilized cells, the antibody is indeed specific for H3-P and does not detect the unphosphorylated epitope. All cells reacting with anti-H3-P, with the exception of prophase and early prometaphase, were cyclin A negative; the expression of cyclin B1 in these cells was threefold higher than in G2 cells. The analysis of phosphorylation of H3 in individual cells when combined with multiparameter analysis of their cycle position and expression of other proteins offers new possibilities to study molecular mechanisms associated with the G2 to M transition and chromatin condensation. It also offers an assay to screen in vivo inhibitors of kinase(s) or phosphatase(s) involved in H3 phosphorylation or dephosphorylation, and it provides a valuable marker to identify mitotic cells by cytometry.
Desmin‐related neuromuscular disorders (1995)

Desmin, the intermediate filament protein of skeletal muscle fibers, cardiac myocytes, and certain smooth muscle cells, is a member of the cytoskeleton linking Z-bands with the plasmalemma and the nucleus. The pathology of desmin in human neuromuscular disorders is always marked by increased amounts, diffusely or focally. Desmin is highly expressed in immature muscle fibers, both during fetal life and regeneration as well as in certain congenital myopathies, together with vimentin. Desmin is also enriched in neonatal myotonic dystrophy and small fibers in infantile spinal muscular atrophy. Focal accretion of desmin may be twofold, in conjunction with certain inclusion bodies, cytoplasmic and spheroid bodies, and in a more patchy fashion, granulofilamentous material. Both lesions have been found in certain families, affected by a myopathy and/or cardiomyopathy. Other proteins, e.g., dystrophin, vimentin, actin, ubiquitin, and alpha-B crystallin, may also be overexpressed. Desmin pathology may be genetically regulated or may merely reflect profoundly impaired metabolism of several proteins within myofibers.
R-D optimized media streaming enhanced with adaptive media playout (2003)

Streaming media systems buffer media data at the client to improve reconstruction quality at the cost of latency. Reconstruction quality may be further improved with rate-distortion optimized packet transmission. In this paper we show how the tradeoff between buffering latency and reconstruction quality can be improved with adaptive media playout (AMP) - the client-controlled manipulation of the playout speeds of media frames. We then show how to incorporate AMP into an existing framework for rate-distortion optimized packet transmission. The resulting receiver-driven scheme jointly optimizes packet transmissions and playout speeds with respect to rate, distortion and the subjective cost of playout speed variations. Results for a short media clip show a more than 2 dB improvement in mean PSNR for R-D optimized transmission combined with a moderate amount of AMP, over R-D optimized transmission alone.
Dendrons as active clicking tool for generating non-leaching antibacterial materials (2016)

Dendrons with a focal point and quaternary ammonium peripheral groups are tools for making non-active polymers and surfaces antibacterial.