gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Matrix methods for lost data reconstruction in erasure codes (2005)

Erasures codes, particularly those protecting against multiple failures in RAID disk arrays, provide a code-specific means for reconstruction of lost (erased) data. In the RAID application this is modeled as loss of strips so that reconstruction algorithms are usually optimized to reconstruct entire strips; that is, they apply only to highly correlated sector failures, i.e., sequential sectors on a lost disk. In this paper we address two more general problems: (1) recovery of lost data due to scattered or uncorrelated erasures and (2) recovery of partial (but sequential) data from a single lost disk (in the presence of any number of failures). The latter case may arise in the context of host IO to a partial strip on a lost disk. The methodology we propose for both problems is completely general and can be applied to any erasure code, but is most suitable for XOR-based codes.For the scattered erasures, typically due to hard errors on the disk (or combinations of hard errors and disk loss), our methodology provides for one of two outcomes for the data on each lost sector. Either the lost data is declared unrecoverable (in the information-theoretic sense) or it is declared recoverable and a formula is provided for the reconstruction that depends only on readable sectors. In short, the methodology is both complete and constructive.
Structure, chromosome location, and expression of the mouse zinc finger gene Krox-20: multiple gene products and coregulation with the proto-oncogene c-fos. (1989)

We have analyzed the structure and the regulation of Krox-20, a mouse zinc finger-encoding gene which is transiently activated following serum stimulation of quiescent fibroblast cells in culture. The gene is localized on chromosome 10, band B5, in the mouse, and the homologous human gene also maps to chromosome 10 (region q21.1 to q22.1). Alternative splicing of the 5'-most intron of the Krox-20 gene gives rise to mRNAs encoding putative zinc finger proteins with different N termini. The first exon contains a sequence element with strong similarity to the c-fos proto-oncogene serum response element (SRE). This element can functionally substitute for the c-fos SRE, and it binds the same nuclear protein. It is probably responsible for the serum induction of Krox-20, possibly in combination with a weaker SRE located in the 5'-flanking region of the gene. Our findings suggest that c-fos, Krox-20, and a number of immediate-early serum response genes are coregulated and that the SRE and its cognate protein are essential components of this regulatory pathway.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection in dogs in a World Gastroenterology Organisation training center (2010)

ESD is feasible in the normal esophagus and stomach of canine models, which are appropriate for teaching this technique.
Ovarian Histopathology of Bitches Immunized With Porcine Zonae Pellucidae (1988)

The ovarian histopathology of bitches immunized with crude (cPZP) or partially purified (pPZP) porcine zona pellucida proteins was examined in order to determine the cause of abnormal estrous cycles. The majority of immunized bitches had ovarian cytes. Those immunized with cPZP had follicular cysts lined with a thin layer of granulosa cells, while in those immunized with pPZP, the cysts were lined by a basement membrane with a clump of luteinized cells. In two bitches immunized with cPZP, oocytes were present only in primordial follicles. Similar abnormalities were not found in a bitch immunized with human serum albumin or in 12 untreated bitches. Oocytes flushed from the oviducts of mated, immunized bitches were degenerating, which may have been a primary cause of infertility in such bitches. Ovaries studied 2-6 weeks after immunization showed no loss of gap junctional communication between oocytes and granulosa cells, nor was any inflammatory reaction seen. IgG was bound to the zona as revealed by fluoresceinated protein A staining of frozen sections of those ovaries. Abnormal estrous cycles in PZP-immunized bitches appear to result from follicular dysgenesis or cyst formation, but the etiology of these conditions is unresolved.
Enhancing Field Management in Siberia by Quantifying Production Uncertainties (2006)

Abstract An analysis of production data from a Lower Cretaceous western Siberia oilfield operated by TNK-BP suggested that the final recovery factor would not exceed 15% with one of the waterflood development plans under consideration. Such a plan clearly left scope for improvement. However, since there were limited surveillance data to infer current depletion from the 8 oil bearing beds, considerable uncertainty existed in locating the remaining reserves. This prompted an examination of the reservoir and well characteristics to quantity these uncertainties in the reservoir potential and, hence, ensure the future strategies to increase recovery are viable. To determine the uncertainty in predictions, it was necessary to create multiple predictive models all matched to observed field data. This matching process is extremely time consuming when undertaken manually. Our experience shows that one model requires about 9 man-months. As a result, we tested a procedure to accelerate the matching using a program with an automated history matching algorithm linked to the dynamic simulator. Although implementation of this method is still ongoing, it has demonstrated the following: Uncertainties are an inherent part of reservoir predictions. For field management, it is important to quantify them so they can be managed.Major increases in work productivity are achievable. Within a period of a week, after determining the uncertainties to be addressed, we obtained 7 different history-matched models each yielding a unique production profile prediction. Based on the quantification of the uncertainties, we are changing our field management practices. For example, additional surveillance is planned to monitor the depletion in each bed. A further benefit is that this uncertainty evaluation methodology gives us confidence in identifying areas that need additional injection support.
Syntheses and Structural Characterizations of Six-Coordinate Oxo-M(V) Complexes (M = Tc, Re) Containing a Tetradentate P2N2-Phosphino-Amido Ligand (1995)

Reaction of the potentially tetradentate ligand N,N'-bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]propane-1,3-diamine (H(2)dppd) with [MO(4)](-) (M = Tc, Re) (via reduction-substitution) or [ReOCl4](-) (via ligand-exchange) produces neutral and stable six-coordinate oxo-M(V) complexes of the type [TcO(dppd)X] (X = Cl (1), OH (2), OMe (3), Oft (4), O2CCF3 (5)) and [ReO(dppd)X] (X = Cl (6), OH (7), OMe (8), OEt(9), O2CCF3 (10)). The P2N2 donor atoms of dppd coordinate in the equatorial plane orthogonal to the M = O linkage; a mononegative unidentate nucleophile completes the distorted octahedral geometry. Compound 3 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/m with cell constants a = 9.157(2) Angstrom, b = 20.391(3) Angstrom, c = 9.948(1) Angstrom, beta = 114.76(1)degrees, and Z = 2. Refinement of 3224 observed reflections and 221 parameters yields R = 0.033 and R(W) = 0.041. Compound 8 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/m with cell constants a = 9.175(1) Angstrom, b = 20.415(3) Angstrom, c = 9.946(2) Angstrom, beta = 114.84(1)degrees, and Z = 2. Refinement of 2176 observed reflections and 221 parameters yields R = 0.053 and R(W) = 0.062. Compound 10 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with cell constants a = 12.866(3) Angstrom, b = 31.416(6) Angstrom, c = 9.729(2) Angstrom, beta = 111.53(3)degrees, and Z = 4. The refinement converges to a conventional R of 0.030 and R(W) of 0.043 for 3070 observations with 350 parameters.
Inhibition of histone binding by supramolecular hosts (2014)

The tandem PHD (plant homeodomain) fingers of the CHD4 (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 4) ATPase are epigenetic readers that bind either unmodified histone H3 tails or H3K9me3 (histone H3 trimethylated at Lys⁹). This dual function is necessary for the transcriptional and chromatin remodelling activities of the NuRD (nucleosome remodelling and deacetylase) complex. In the present paper, we show that calixarene-based supramolecular hosts disrupt binding of the CHD4 PHD2 finger to H3K9me3, but do not affect the interaction of this protein with the H3K9me0 (unmodified histone H3) tail. A similar inhibitory effect, observed for the association of chromodomain of HP1γ (heterochromatin protein 1γ) with H3K9me3, points to a general mechanism of methyl-lysine caging by calixarenes and suggests a high potential for these compounds in biochemical applications. Immunofluorescence analysis reveals that the supramolecular agents induce changes in chromatin organization that are consistent with their binding to and disruption of H3K9me3 sites in living cells. The results of the present study suggest that the aromatic macrocyclic hosts can be used as a powerful new tool for characterizing methylation-driven epigenetic mechanisms.
Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme: advances in treatment and promising drug candidates (2006)

Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme is a lethal disease with currently available treatment options having a limited impact on outcome. In this article, current and novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, including chemotherapy, targeted molecular agents, virotherapy/gene therapy and immunotherapy and challenges in developing novel therapeutic agents for glioblastoma multiforme will be discussed.
Secure Key Management Architecture Against Sensor-Node Fabrication Attacks (2007)

In lightweight mobile ad hoc networks, both probabilistic and deterministic key management schemes are fragile to node fabrication attacks. Our simulation results show that the Successful Attack Probability (SAP) can be as high as 42.6% with the fabrication of only 6 copies from captured nodes comprising only 3% of all nodes. In this paper, we propose two low-cost secure-architecture-based techniques to improve the security against such node fabrication attacks. Our new architectures, specifically targeted at the sensor-node platform, protect long-term keys using a root of trust embedded in the hardware System-on-a-Chip (SoC). This prevents an adversary from extracting these protected long-term keys from a captured node to fabricate new nodes. The extensive simulation results show that the proposed architecture can significantly decrease the SAP and increase the security level of key management for mobile ad hoc networks.
Decision-making Model for Rational Off-line Range of High-speed Motor Train Units (2007)

Along with the development of railway passenger transportation in our country,the operating mode of the off-line high-speed motor train units is becoming more and more popular,while determining the rational off-line range of the units remains the key problem.On the Basis of the analysis of the passengers' choice behavior facing several railway passenger transportation products,a flow-split model for the railway passenger transportation market is presented by use of the UE theory.Bi-level programming is proposed as well,while the benefits of passengers and railway transportation enterprises are considered simultaneously.Finally the model and its algorithm are illustrated with a practical case,through which laws of the rational off-line range of highspeed motor train units are presented.
Atropine in Ameliorating the Progression of Myopia in Children with Mild to Moderate Myopia: A Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials (2011)

In summary, 0.5% and 1% atropine was demonstrated to be effective and safe to ameliorate myopia progression in childhood with low-to-moderate myopia.
Frequency and outcomes of brain metastases in patients with <i>HER2</i>‐mutant lung cancers (2019)

These data provide a framework for brain imaging surveillance in patients with HER2-mutant lung cancers and underpin the need to develop HER2-targeted agents with central nervous system activity.
Rubber Coatings for Fiberglass Protection in an Alkaline Environment (1986)

Glass is known to be readily attacked by strong alkali. This was reaffirmed in the present study when samples of style 3701 E-glass fabric lost 90% of their original tensile strength after immersion in aqueous alkali at pH 13 and 80°C for 7 days. The purposes of this study were to gain some understanding of the relative importance of the factors that influence the degradation of glass and coated glass in alkaline environments and to use that knowledge to develop a protective coating. Factors evaluated included the composition, surface area and and nature of the surface of the glass. The effects of the nature, uniformity, thickness and degree of bonding of glass coatings as well as different methods of applying coatings were considered. It was shown that well-bonded rubber coatings can lead to good protection of glass in alkaline environments.
Finite State Machine Binary Entropy Coding (1993)

This work was presented at the poster session of the 1993 Data Compression Conference. An abstract appears in the proceedings:
Physiologic requirements during rewarming: suppression of the shivering response. (1983)

Intraoperative hypothermia has become a common occurrence. Postoperative rewarming often is accompanied by shivering and results in increased metabolic and circulatory demands. We examined the metabolic, hemodynamic, and biochemical variables in 2 groups of hypothermic (greater than 35.8 degrees C) patients requiring mechanical ventilation after a major operation. One was observed during routine medical management whereas the other group received 40 mg of metocurine iodide and then observed during routine medical management. All patients were allowed to rewarm passively. O2 consumption (VO2, ml/min, STPD), CO2 production (VCO2, ml/min, STPD) and respiratory quotient (RQ) measurements were made every 15 min using a Beckman Metabolic Measurement Cart. Esophageal temperature, arterial blood pressure, heart rate (HR), rate pressure product, CVP, arterial blood gases, serum lactate concentration, and duration of shivering also were recorded. Suppression of the shivering by metocurine increased rewarming time significantly and decreased VCO2, VO2, HR, rate pressure product, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the O2 cost of rewarming. Thus, the elimination of shivering during postoperative rewarming is associated with a decrease in caloric, metabolic demands and myocardial work (as assessed by the rate pressure product) while rewarming time is prolonged. In the postoperative, hypothermic, critically ill patient, suppression of the shivering response in selected patients may be indicated.
Fourier transform-based iterative method for differential phase-contrast computed tomography (2012)

In this Letter, a novel Fourier transform-based iterative method is proposed to reconstruct a refractive index distribution in an object directly from measured differential phase shifts. This reconstruction method offers distinct advantages over the analytic method in cases of noisy and/or few-view data, since the iterative scheme can easily incorporate compressive sensing and maximum likelihood techniques to achieve high image quality. Numerical simulation and biological sample experiments demonstrate the merits of the proposed approach.
Bacteriuria and Pyelonephritis of Pregnancy (1961)

Pyelonephritis is the most frequent medi-*• cal cause of hospitalization during pregnancy.1 Physiologic changes within the urinary tract that may predispose to pyelonephritis occur in all pregnant women.2 It is not clear, however, why acute symptomatic pyelonephritis develops in some and not in others. If it were possible to detect the cases in which pyelonephritis of pregnancy is destined to develop, preventive treatment could be given to eliminate the morbidity of acute infections during pregnancy and the hazards of any possible late complications.Kass3 has reported that about 6 or 7 per cent of pregnant women attending the Boston City . . .
Melittin-induced changes of the macroscopic structure of phosphatidylethanolamines (1988)

The binding of melittin to phosphatidylethanolamine model systems and its influence on the supramolecular organization of the lipid were investigated with binding assays, differential scanning calorimetry, 31P NMR, freeze-fracture electron microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. The results are compared with binding to an analogous phosphatidylcholine and structural consequences thereof. Melittin binds with similar affinity to both lipid types in the liquid-crystalline state; at gel-phase temperatures, in contrast, interaction with phosphatidylethanolamine is much weaker and does not lead to the bilayer fragmentation observed for phosphatidylcholines. With regard to phosphatidylethanolamine polymorphism, it is shown that melittin acts as an inhibitor of HII-phase formation and as a stabilizer of the bilayer organization. It is demonstrated that the remarkable variety of effects of melittin on the polymorphism of different membrane phospholipids can be understood in a relatively simple concept, taking into account the relative position and the shape of the interacting components.
Near-Infrared Emitting Fluorophore-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles for <i>In Vivo</i> Imaging of Human Breast Cancer (2008)

Early detection is a crucial element for the timely diagnosis and successful treatment of all human cancers but is limited by the sensitivity of current imaging methodologies. We have synthesized and studied bioresorbable calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNPs) in which molecules of the near-infrared (NIR) emitting fluorophore, indocyanine green (ICG), are embedded. The ICG-CPNPs demonstrate exceptional colloidal and optical characteristics. Suspensions consisting of 16 nm average diameter particles are colloidally stable in physiological solutions (phosphate buffered 0.15 M saline (PBS), pH 7.4) with carboxylate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface functionality. ICG-doped CPNPs exhibit significantly greater intensity at the maximum emission wavelength relative to the free constituent fluorophore, consistent with the multiple molecules encapsulated per particle. The quantum efficiency per molecule of the ICG-CPNPs is 200% greater at 0.049 +/- 0.003 over the free fluorophore in PBS. Photostability based on fluorescence half-life of encapsulated ICG in PBS is 500% longer under typical clinical imaging conditions relative to the free dye. PEGylated ICG-CPNPs accumulate in solid, 5 mm diameter xenograft breast adenocarcinoma tumors via enhanced retention and permeability (EPR) within 24 h after systemic tail vein injection in a nude mouse model. Ex situ tissue imaging further verifies the facility of the ICG-CPNPs for deep-tissue imaging with NIR signals detectable from depths up to 3 cm in porcine muscle tissue. Our ex vivo and in vivo experiments verify the promise of the NIR CPNPs for diagnostic imaging in the early detection of solid tumors.
The biological function of hyperglycosylated hCG (2012)

Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a variant of hCG made by cytotrophoblast cell. Here we examine the role of hyperglycosylated hCG in placenta growth and invasion. JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells and term cytotrophoblast monolayer culture were prepared. The effect of supplemental hyperglycosylated hCG and hCG was investigated. Growth of these cells was examined by increase in cell number. Invasion was investigated using Matrigel basement membrane cells. The proportion of cell invading Matrigel was determined. Term cytotrophoblast cell and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells grew to 5 427±834 cells (109%) and 7 114±553 cells (142%). With the supplementation of hyperglycosylated hCG, they grew significantly wider to 7 633±177 cells (142%) and 10 315±1 477 cells (206%). With the supplementation of hCG they diminished to 4 227±769 cells (78%) and 5 620±657 cells (79%). Term cytotrophoblast cell and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells penetrated Matigel membranes to (40.0±10.0)% and (46.0±9.8)%. Hyperglycosylated hCG significantly enhanced penetration to (76.0±13.0)% and (84.0±6.6)%. hCG diminished penetration to (32.0±9.1)% and (32.0±4.5)%. Hyperglycosylated hCG enhances both cytotrophoblast growth and cytotrophoblast cell invasion. hCG minimally suppresses growth and invasion.
Conformal coating using parylene polymers. (1997)

Parylene, a conformal polymer film, is being used increasingly in Europe to provide environmental and dielectric isolation. Application areas include electronic circuitry, sensors, and medical substrates. This article describes the variants of parylene and their characteristics, together with the process and applications of parylene coating.
Recess Vane Passive Stall Control (1992)

An experimental investigation has been carried out on the influence of a vaned recessed casing treatment on the stall margin improvement of axial flow fans with different hub to tip ratio, with and without inlet distortion. The inlet distortion tests were conducted on a 0.5 hub to tip ratio fan and significant increases in the flow range with only small drops in operating efficiency were observed. The clean flow tests were conducted on higher hub to tip ratio fans (0.7 and 0.9). In each case the stage characteristic was compared with the results obtained with a solid casing. Significant increases in the flow range, with only modest or no loss in operating efficiency, were observed for optimum configurations at both diameter ratios.
Alanine Aminotransferase, γ-Glutamyltransferase, and Incident Diabetes (2009)

Findings are consistent with the role of liver fat in diabetes pathogenesis. GGT may be a better diabetes predictor than ALT, but additional studies with directly determined liver fat content, ALT, and GGT are needed to confirm this finding.
A study on the viability and storage time of Parthenocissus tricuspidata sieb et zucc and Parthenocissus quinquefoiia planch pollen (2006)

The viability and storage time of the pollen collected from the two species of creeper woodbine (Parthenocissus tricuspidata Sieb et Zucc and Parthenocissus quinque folia Planch ) were studied. The results showed that the effects of temperature on vitality and storability of pollen of creeper woodbine were important. The vitality of the two species of creeper woodbine pollen was decline with increase of number of store days in the room temperature(27±1)℃. Stored pollen in a little time could be compelled dormancy. Compared the standard of vitality of poolen ,40% , vitality of the two species of creeper woodbine pollen was above 97%. The pollen of Parthenocisus tricuspidata could be conserved 10 days in room temperature without loss of viability and that the pollen of Parthenocissus quinque folia could be conserved 17 days. When stored at 0-5℃, the pollen of two species of creeper woodbine could be conserved 18 and 21 days, respectively.
Baculovirus immediately early 1, a mediator for homologous regions enhancer function in trans (2010)

IE-1 was the only early factor of BmNPV that could act as a mediator for hr enhancer function in trans and the trans-function was achieved with a broad-spectrum of promoters. The 30-bp imperfect palindrome was the elementary molecular structure by which IE-1 participated in the enhancer function in trans.