gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Levels of Processing in Human Memory (2016)

Throughout my professional career as a cognitive psychologist, I have been interested in the topics of memory, attention, perception, and thinking – how best to characterize them, how they relate to each other, and how they change over a person's lifespan. In everyday life, these mental activities are usually considered to be rather different from each other – remembering meeting someone a month ago seems different from seeing the person in front of you – and this separation is often echoed in psychology textbooks, in which perception, memory, and decision-making are treated in different chapters. Much of the current thinking in cognitive psychology has reacted against this commonsense view, however, suggesting instead that these areas of study are better regarded as closely related and interacting aspects of one general processing system.
Creating Completely Both Male and Female Sterile Plants by Specifically Ablating Microspore and Megaspore Mother Cells (2016)

Although genetically modified (GM) plants have improved commercially important traits, such as biomass and biofuel production, digestibility, bioremediation, ornamental value, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, there remain economic, political, or social concerns over potential ecological effects of transgene flow from GM plants. The current solution for preventing transgene flow from GM plants is genetically engineering sterility; however, approaches to generating both male and female sterility are limited. In addition, existing strategies for creating sterility lead to loss or modifications of entire flowers or floral organs. Here, we demonstrate that instead of the 1.5-kb promoter, the entire SOLO DANCERS (SDS) gene is required for its meiocyte-specific expression. We then developed an efficient method to specifically ablate microspore and megaspore mother cells using the SDS and BARNASE fusion gene, which resulted in complete sterility in both male and female reproductive organs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), but did not affect plant growth or development, including the formation of all flower organs. Therefore, our research provides a general and effective tool to prevent transgene flow in GM plants.
Time Course of Cellular Proliferation, Intimal Hyperplasia, and Remodeling Following Angioplasty in Monkeys With Established Atherosclerosis (1996)

Animal models of arterial injury have failed to predict effective therapy to prevent restenosis in humans. While this may relate to species differences in the control of smooth muscle cell growth, many studies have used nonatherosclerotic animals, thereby failing to consider the importance of atherosclerosis in the response to injury. In an attempt to model human restenosis more accurately, we characterized the response to angioplasty in atherosclerotic monkeys. Twenty-one cynomolgus monkeys were fed an atherogenic diet for 36 months (plasma cholesterol, 12 +/- 1 mmol/L [470 +/- 23 mg/dL]). Angioplasty was then performed in the left iliac artery. After 4, 7, 14, or 28 days, bromodeoxyuridine was given to label proliferating cells, and iliac arteries were fixed in situ at physiological pressure (5 or 6 animals at each time point). Comparisons were made between injured and uninjured iliac arteries within each animal. Angioplasty often fractured the intimal plaque and media, transiently increasing lumen caliber (4 days: lumen area, 232.5 +/- 80.3% of control) and artery size as reflected by external elastic lamina area (EEL). EEL and lumen caliber returned to baseline by 7 days. Proliferation was increased throughout the artery wall at 4 and 7 days and later declined to control rates (4 days, injured versus uninjured: adventitia, 45.0 +/- 6.2% versus 16.3 +/- 7.2%; media, 8.6 +/- 2.6% versus 0.6 +/- 0.1%; intima, 16.0 +/- 5.6% versus 7.8 +/- 3.1%). The intima thickened markedly from 14 to 28 days, but an increase in EEL generally prevented further loss of the short-term gain in lumen caliber (28 days, percent of control: intimal area, 342.8 +/- 88.9%; EEL area, 150.2 +/- 28.9%; lumen area, 119.3 +/- 21.3%). The response to angioplasty in atherosclerotic monkeys appears to closely resemble that in humans. Plaque fracture, delayed recoil, intimal hyperplasia, and remodeling may each be important in determining late lumen caliber. This primate model should prove valuable in defining cellular and biochemical mediators of human restenosis.
Comb Filters for Pulsed Radar Use (1954)

This paper presents a discussion of the concepts involved in the use of "comb" filters for signal-to-noise improvement in pulsed radar systems. A "comb" filter is one whose frequency spectrum consists of a number of equi-spaced elements resembling the tines of a comb. Consideration is given to the characteristics of the frequency spectra arising from sequences of pulses varying in number from one to infinity. These results indicate that the use of comb filters may be feasible in most cases. Hence, a study is made of the use of three different types of filters to determine their effect on the signal-to-noise ratio. These filters range from the simplest type of uniform filters to the North type of matched filter. The relative merits of these filters are determined in terms of improvement in signal-to-noise ratio.
Discrimination of respiratory syncytial virus subgroups A and B by reverse transcription-PCR (1996)

Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with shared primers differentiating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroups A and B was developed for subtyping of RSV isolates. Results of RT-PCR were compared with those of an indirect immunofluorescence test using monoclonal antibodies. Viral RNA isolated from cell cultures infected with RSV served as a template for cDNA synthesis with random primers. For PCR, we used three synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to the G protein mRNA sequence of subgroup A (bases 248 to 267; 3'ATGCAACAAGCCAGATCAAG), subgroup B (bases 314 to 333; 3'ACTCATCCAAACAACCCACA), or both (bases 511 to 530; 3'GGWACAAARTTGAACACTTC). PCR products of RSV subgroups A and B had molecular sizes of 283 and 217 bp, respectively. Specific cutting sites for RSV A and B in amplified cDNA were demonstrated by restriction fragment analysis with four restriction endonucleases. Our RT-PCR assay divided 68 RSV isolates into 47 strains of subgroup A and 21 strains of subgroup B in full agreement with subtyping by monoclonal antibodies. RT-PCR seems to be a good alternative to subtyping of RSV with monoclonal antibodies.
Sequential testing in high stakes OSCE: a stratified cross-validation approach (2019)

<ns4:p>This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Sequential testing has been employed in clinical assessments to support student progression decisions by strategically targeting assessment resources towards borderline students. In this context resampling techniques have been utilised in the attempt to determine the appropriate blueprint number of stations to include in the screening phase of a sequential exam. However, statistical overfitting undermines the generalizability of examination psychometric properties and the uneven distribution (imbalance) of borderline vs. non-borderline students may cause resampling methods to produce biased results. Both phenomena may mislead educational practitioners when redesigning sequential assessments.We demonstrate how to mitigate against the problems of overfitting and imbalanced cohorts whilst finding the optimal 9 screening stations out of an 18-station OSCE. To prevent overfitting our statistical model was developed on one set of data (train and test) and then validated on a different dataset (validation) with imbalance accounted for by operating a stratified sampling scheme.The outcomes demonstrate the importance of validation: in the development phase, the accuracy was initially 91% (train) but the actual predictive accuracy when mitigating against overfitting and imbalance was 86% (test). Similarly, when we validated the model on completely new data - with a comparable assessment - the predictive accuracy was 83% (validation).</ns4:p>
Three new dominant <i>C1</i> suppressor alleles in <i>Zea mays</i> (1998)

Three new dominant suppressor mutations of the C1 transcription regulator gene in maize--C1-I delta 1, C1-I delta 2 and C1-I delta 3--are described that suppress anthocyanin colouration in kernels similar to the function of the C1-I standard inhibitor. The C1-I delta mutations were induced by imprecise excision of an En/Spm transposon in the third exon of the C1 gene. These transposon footprints cause a frameshift in the C1 open reading frame that leads to truncated proteins due to an early stop codon 30 amino acids upstream of the wild-type C1 protein. Therefore, the C1-I delta gene products lack the carboxy-terminal transcriptional activation domain of C1. The C1-I standard allele also lacks this domain and in addition differs in 17 amino acids from the wild-type C1 allele. The new C1-I delta alleles provide evidence that deletion of the carboxy-terminal activation domain alone is sufficient to generate a dominant suppressive effect on the function of wild-type C1.
Frequency of adverse events in patients with poor anticoagulation: a meta-analysis (2007)

Improved anticoagulation control could decrease the likelihood of almost half of all anticoagulant-associated adverse events.
Interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of latent<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection (2011)

From the authors:

We thank O. Moran Mendoza for his comment on the joint systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) for the diagnosis of latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) [1]. O. Moran Mendoza highlights the as-yet limited knowledge about the positive predictive values of IGRAs for the development of tuberculosis, a standpoint that is also expressed in the new European Union guidance on the use of IGRAs in support of the diagnosis of tuberculosis [2].

In our meta-analysis and systematic review, only studies reporting on the diagnosis of latent infection with M. tuberculosis (LTBI) that used the latest commercially available version of IGRAs were included. Studies that were performed with “in-house” IGRAs, e.g. the studies by H …
Steganography algorithm using encrypted secret message (2013)

Security is the major issues for transmission of messages or any media files containing critical information. In this paper we are using LSB method and have modified the idea of Play fair method into a new platform where we can encrypt or decrypt any file. A secret key is entered by the user during encryption which is used at time of decryption. In this paper we propose technique for encryption of text into a cover image. For hiding secret message in the coverfile we have inserted the 8 bits of each character of encryptedmessage file in 8 consecutive bytes of the cover file. We proposethat our new method could be most appropriate for hiding anyfile in any standard cover file such as image, audio, video files. Because the hidden message is encrypted hence it will be almostimpossible for the intruder to unhide the actual secret messagefrom the embedded cover file. This method may be the most Secured method in digital water marking.
Electrode system for permanent implantable defibrillators: transvenous catheter and subcutaneous plate electrodes. (1978)

The permanently implanted automatic defibrillator offers an alternative treatment for heart patients with high risk of ventricular fibrillation, who cannot be safely treated by surgery or drugs. Because of size and energy requirements, permanently implanted automatic defibrillators are not presently practical for many of these patinets, and sudden death from ventricular fibrillation remains a majof health problem. This study, which determines the optimal electrode configuration of the transvenous catheter when used in conjunction with a subcutaneous plate or disk electrode for transvenous ventricular defibrillation, attempts one of many changes needed to improve the defibrillator's efficiency so that it will be a viable alternative treatment for delicate heart patients.
A Framework to Enhance Quality of Service for Content Delivery Network Using Web Services: A Review (2011)

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) is anticipated to provide better performance delivery of content in internet through worldwide coverage, which would be a fence for new content delivery network providers. The appearance of Web as a omnipresent media for sharing content and services has led to the rapid growth of the Internet. At the same time, the number of users accessing Web-based content and services are growing exponentially. This has placed a heavy demand on Internet bandwidth and Web systems hosting content and application services. As a result, many Web sites are unable to manage this demand and offer their services in a timely manner. Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) have emerged to overcome these limitations by offering infrastructure and mechanisms to deliver content and services in a scalable manner, and enhancing users ’ Web experience. The planned research provides a framework designed to enhance QoS of Web service processes for real time servicing. QoS parameters of various domains can be combined to provide differentiated services, and allocating dynamically available resources in the midst of customers while delivering high-quality real time multimedia content. While accessing the service by a customer, it is possible to adapt real time streams to vastly changeable network conditions to give suitable quality in spite of factors upsetting Quality of service. To reach these intentions, adaptive web service processes to supply more information for determining the quality and size of the delivered object. The framework includes a section for QoS monitoring and adaptation and QoS faults prediction possibility and convalesce actions in case of failure. The aim of this research is to encourage research about quality of composite services in serviceoriented architectures with security measures.
EXTRANUCLEAR DIFFERENTIATION AND GENE FLOW IN THE FINITE ISLAND MODEL (1985)

Use of sequence information from extranuclear genomes to examine deme structure in natural populations has been hampered by lack of clear linkage between sequence relatedness and rates of mutation and migration among demes. Here, we approach this problem in two complementary ways. First, we develop a model of extranuclear genomes in a population divided into a finite number of demes. Sex-dependent migration, neutral mutation, unequal genetic contribution of separate sexes and random genetic drift in each deme are incorporated for generality. From this model, we derive the relationship between gene identity probabilities (between and within demes) and migration rate, mutation rate and effective deme size. Second, we show how within- and between-deme identity probabilities may be calculated from restriction maps of mitochondrial (mt) DNA. These results, when coupled with our results on gene flow and genetic differentiation, allow estimation of relative interdeme gene flow when deme sizes are constant and genetic variants are selectively neutral. We illustrate use of our results by reanalyzing published data on mtDNA in mouse populations from around the world and show that their geographic differentiation is consistent with an island model of deme structure.
Proteins with Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Signal Sequences Have Divergent Fates during a GPI Deficiency (1997)

Glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) are membrane anchors for cell surface proteins of several major protozoan parasites of humans, including Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease. To investigate the general role of GPIs in T. cruzi, we generated GPI-deficient parasites by heterologous expression of T. brucei GPI-phospholipase C. Putative protein-GPI intermediates were depleted, causing the biochemical equivalent of a dominant-negative loss of function mutation in the GPI pathway. Cell surface expression of major GPI-anchored proteins was diminished in GPI-deficient T. cruzi. Four proteins that are normally GPI-anchored in T. cruzi exhibited different fates during the GPI shortage; Ssp-4 and p75 were secreted prematurely, while protease gp50/55 and p60 were degraded intracellularly. These observations demonstrate that secretion and intracellular degradation of GPI-anchored proteins may occur in the same genetic background during a GPI deficiency. We postulate that the interaction between a protein-GPI transamidase and the COOH-terminal GPI signal sequence plays a pivotal role in determining the fate of these proteins. At a nonpermissive GPI deficiency, T. cruzi amastigotes inside mammalian cells replicated their single kinetoplast but failed at mitosis. Hence, in these protozoans, GPIs appear to be essential for nuclear division, but not for mitochondrial duplication.
The hemoglobins of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. The structure of the beta chain of component C and the role of the alpha chain in the formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds. (1986)

The adult bullfrog Rana catesbeiana has two major hemoglobin components, B and C. Component C polymerizes by disulfide bond formation between tetramers but component B does not. The amino acid sequence of the first 112 residues of the beta chain of component C has been reported (Baldwin, T. O., and Riggs, A. (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 6110-6118). We have completed the sequence of the beta chain of component C by determining the last 28 residues. This segment contains the 2 cysteinyl residues of the chain. Examination of models indicates that neither of these is in a readily accessible position for the formation of intertetramer disulfide bonds. Reactive sulfhydryl groups of the alpha chains are shown to be responsible for the initial formation of disulfide bonds between tetramers. The beta chains within the tetramers form disulfide bonds only when the hemoglobin molecules are subjected to prolonged incubation at 37 degrees C under oxygen. The beta chains of components B and C appear to be identical; the alpha chains are clearly quite different. This suggests that the alpha B and alpha C subunits interact in the association of the deoxygenated tetramers B and C to form what appears to be a BC2 molecule.
A novel microbial infection‐responsive drug release system (1999)

The aim of this study was to construct a novel drug delivery system suitable for controlled release of antibiotics. There is a need for devices that release antibiotics only during microbial infection, because prophylactic or prolonged use of antibiotics leads to serious problems, such as renal and liver toxicity and the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria (e.g., meticillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus). We found previously that Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound fluid showed high thrombin-like activity; therefore, in this study we designed an antibiotic release system triggered by thrombin activity. We synthesized an insoluble polymer-drug conjugate in which gentamicin was bound to poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel through a newly developed thrombin-sensitive peptide linker. The conjugate released gentamicin when it was incubated with Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound fluid, with thrombin and leucine aminopeptidase, or with human plasma and Ca2+, whereas no biologically active gentamicin was released when the conjugate was incubated with noninfected wound fluid, with leucine aminopeptidase alone, with thrombin alone, or with plasma. Furthermore, the conjugate reduced the bacterial number in an animal model of Staphylococcus aureus infection. These results demonstrated that the conjugate has sufficient specificity and excellent potential as a stimulus-responsive, controlled drug release system.
Design of Plastic Moulds and Dies (1989)

1. Suitable Design of Mould and Die Parts. Design of residual material retaining and ejecting elements. Design of gates. Arrangement of nests in the dies. Ventilation of dies. Methods for guiding mould and die parts. Two-step ejection systems. Suitable design of pots and rams of transfer moulds. Design of injection heads with heated runner. 2. Actuation of Mould and Die Parts. Actuation of ejector plates. Actuation of undercut-forming side inserts. Turning of thread-forming parts. 3. Construction of Compression and Transfer Moulds and Injection Dies. Construction of compression moulds. Construction of transfer moulds for thermosetting plastics. Construction of injection dies for thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics. Aids for plastic moulds and dies. 4. Extruder Dies. Co-ordinating the finishing length of extruders. Construction of extruder dies. 5. Bottle-Blowing Dies. Construction of bottle-blowing dies. References. Subject Index.
The 1- and 2-dimensional tungsten-183 and vanadium-51 NMR characterization of isopolymetalates and heteropolymetalates (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe 1- and 2-dimensional tungsten-183 and vanadium-51 NMR characterization of isopolymetalates and heteropolymetalatesPeter J. DomailleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 25, 7677–7687Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00337a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00337a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1934Altmetric-Citations204LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Switchable Multiple Beam Antenna for GSM-UMTS Base Stations in Planar Technology (2006)

A broadband antenna for GSM1800-UMTS base stations with multiple switchable beams in azimuth is presented in this paper. The multiple beams are obtained by means of a broadband Butler matrix. The radiating element is broadband and consists of two stacked patches. The elevation pattern is shaped with null filling and upper lobe reduction that has been achieved by means of a broadband corporate feed network implemented in microstrip technology. Photographs and measurements of the manufactured prototypes are presented confirming that the design of all of the elements is correct
Point-to-Point Protocol: A proposal for multi-protocol transmission of datagrams over Point-to-Point links (1989)

The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) provides a method for transmitting datagrams over serial point-to-point links.PPP is composed of three parts:1.A method for encapsulating datagrams over serial links.2. An extensible Link Control Protocol (LCP). A family of Network Control Protocols (NCP) for establishingand configuring different network-layer protocols.This document defines the encapsulation scheme, the basic LCP, and an NCP for establishing and configuring the Internet Protocol (IP) (called the IP Control Protocol, IPCP).The options and facilities used by the LCP and the IPCP are defined in separate documents.Control protocols for configuring and utilizing other network-layer protocols besides IP (e.g., DECNET, OSI) are expected to be developed as needed.