gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular study of frequency of mosaicism in neurofibromatosis 2 patients with bilateral vestibular schwannomas (2003)

Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) is a severe autosomal dominant disorder that predisposes to multiple tumours of the nervous system. About half of all patients are founders with clinically unaffected parents. The purpose of the present study was to examine the extent to which mosaicism is present in NF2 founders. A total of 233 NF2 founders with bilateral vestibular schwannomas (BVS) were screened by exon scanning. NF2 mutations were detected in the blood samples of 122 patients (52%). In 10 of the 122 cases, the ratio of mutant to normal alleles was obviously less than 1, suggesting mosaicism. Tumour specimens were available from 35 of the 111 subjects in whom no mutation could be detected in blood specimens. Mutational analysis by exon scanning detected typical NF2 mutations in 21 of the 35 tumours. In nine subjects, the alterations found in tumours could be confirmed to be the constitutional mutation based on finding of identical mutations in pathologically and/or anatomically distinct second tumours. In six other subjects with only a single tumour available, allelic loss of the NF2 gene was found in addition to the mutation in each tumour, suggesting that either the mutation or the deletion of the NF2 gene is probably the constitutional genetic alteration. Our results suggest that failure to find constitutional mutations in blood specimen from these 15 patients was not because of the limitation of the applied screening technique, but the lack of the mutations in their leucocytes, best explained by mosaicism. Extrapolating the rate (15/35 = 43%) of mosaicism in these 35 cases to the 111 NF2 founders with no constitutional NF2 mutations found in their blood, we inferred 48 mosaic subjects (111 x 0.429). Adding the 10 mosaic cases detected directly in blood specimens, we estimate the rate of mosaicism to be 24.8% (58/233) in our cohort of 233 NF2 founders with bilateral vestibular schwannomas.
Evidence for linkage disequilibrium in chromosome 13-linked Duchenne-like muscular dystrophy (LGMD2C) (1995)

Duchenne-like muscular dystrophy (DLMD) is an autosomal recessive Limb Girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD2C) characterized by late age of onset, proximal muscle weakness leading to disability, high creatine kinase values, normal intelligence and normal dystrophin in muscle biopsy. We have shown previously that three DLMD families from Tunisia are linked to chromosome 13q12. To further localize the LGMD2C gene, we have investigated seven additional families (119 individuals). Both genotyping and two-point linkage analysis were performed as described elsewhere. 7 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
1955 survey of consumer finances: the financial position of consumers (1955)

Consumer surveys; Consumer behavior
Comparison of Mantoux and QuantiFERON TB Gold Tests for Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Army Personnel (2007)

The tuberculin skin test (TST) was compared with QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube (QFT-GIT) test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in non-Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated military personnel. Among subjects positive by TST, 44.4% of recruits were positive by QFT-GIT compared with 11.5% subjects tested after missions abroad, suggesting that most TST conversions in the latter group were caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria.
Assigned Numbers (1992)

The convention in the documentation of Internet Protocols is to express numbers in decimal and to picture data in "big-endian" order That is, fields are described left to right, with the most significant octet on the left and the least significant octet on the right.
Mission and System Design of Air-Launching Rocket Using Multidisciplinary Optimization Approach (2006)

Compared with the conventional ground rocket launching, air-launching has many advantages. However, comprehensive and integrated system design approach is required because the physical geometry of air launch vehicle is limited by the mother plane. Given mission objective is to launch 7.5kg nano-satellite to the target orbit of 700km x 700km using the mother plane, F-4E Phantom as the first stage. The launching altitude and velocity are 12km, Mach number 1.5, respectively. The total mass, length and diameter constraints of the rocket are imposed by the mother plane. The system design of the air-launching rocket is performed using the MDF(Multidisciplinary Feasible) optimization approach. Sequentially using the gradient based SQP(Sequential Quadratic Programming) algorithm. Analysis modules include mission analysis, staging, propulsion analysis, configuration analysis, weight analysis, aerodynamics analysis, and trajectory analysis. As a result of system optimization, a supersonic air launching rocket with total mass of 1244.91kg, total length of 6.36m, outer diameter of 0.60m, and the payload mass of 7.5kg is successfully designed.
A Phase I Trial and in vitro Studies Combining ABT-751 with Carboplatin in Previously Treated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (2012)

Combining ABT-751 with carboplatin suppressed growth of lung cancer cell lines and had modest clinical antitumor activity in advanced NSCLC previously treated predominantly with carboplatin. Further studies of this combination are not recommended while investigations of biomarkers in different patient populations, alternative schedules and combinations may be pursued.
High performance organic dielectrics and high density substrates for next generation System on a Package (SOP) technology (2008)

This paper introduces a new developmental family of thin film dielectric materials that have low dielectric constant (2.5 - 3.1 ) and low loss tangent (<0.005) at 10 GHz and discusses process development and reliability testing of a 1-2-1 substrate stack-up with versions of these high-performance developmental dielectrics (RXP-4). The variant used in these experiments is called RXP-4a. Various conditions were tried to optimize processing and reliability. Fine line structures down to 14 mum have been demonstrated. These were also found to pass reliability testing. Additionally, FE modeling was performed to understand the predicted reliability of microvias in these RXP-4 materials.
Controllable Synthesis of Hierarchical Nanostructured Hollow Core/Mesopore Shell Carbon for Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage (2008)

Hierarchical nanostructured hollow core/mesopore shell carbon (HN-HCMSC) represents an innovative concept in electrochemical hydrogen storage. This work deals with physical characteristics and electrochemical hydrogen storage behavior of the HN-HCMSCs, produced by a replica technique using solid core/mesopore shell (SCMS) silica as template. HN-HCMSCs with various core sizes and/or shell thicknesses have been fabricated through the independent control of the core sizes and/or shell thicknesses of the SCMS silica templates. The superb structural characteristics of the HN-HCMSCs including large specific surface area and micropore volume, and particularly well-developed three-dimensionally interconnected hierarchical nanostructure (hollow macroporous core in combination with meso-/microporous shell), provide them with great potential for electrochemical hydrogen storage. A discharge capacity up to 586 mAh/g, corresponding to 2.17 wt % hydrogen uptake, has been demonstrated in 6 M KOH for the HN-HCMSC with a core size of 180 nm and a shell thickness of 40 nm at a discharge rate of 25 mA/g. Furthermore, the HN-HCMSC also possesses excellent cycling capacity retainability and rate capability.
Generating Summary Risk Scores for Mobile Applications (2014)

One of Android's main defense mechanisms against malicious apps is a risk communication mechanism which, before a user installs an app, warns the user about the permissions the app requires, trusting that the user will make the right decision. This approach has been shown to be ineffective as it presents the risk information of each app in a “stand-alone” fashion and in a way that requires too much technical knowledge and time to distill useful information. We discuss the desired properties of risk signals and relative risk scores for Android apps in order to generate another metric that users can utilize when choosing apps. We present a wide range of techniques to generate both risk signals and risk scores that are based on heuristics as well as principled machine learning techniques. Experimental results conducted using real-world data sets show that these methods can effectively identify malware as very risky, are simple to understand, and easy to use.
Bartendr (2010)

Cellular radios consume more power and suffer reduced data rate when the signal is weak. According to our measurements, the communication energy per bit can be as much as 6x higher when the signal is weak than when it is strong. To realize energy savings, applications must preferentially communicate when the signal is strong, either by deferring non-urgent communication or by advancing anticipated communication to coincide with periods of strong signal. Allowing applications to perform such scheduling requires predicting signal strength, so that opportunities for energy-efficient communication can be anticipated. Furthermore, such prediction must be performed at little energy cost.
A comparative study of fibrous zeolites under pressure (2005)

Fibrous zeolites (FZ) are the only group of natural zeolites that have been well investigated under pressure. The high-pressure (H P ) behaviour of several FZ has been studied by means of in situ H P -single-crystal/powder diffraction experiments. Here I report a comparative study on lattice compressibility, structural deformation mechanisms and the role played by the framework (Si/Al-distribution, cross-linking of the building unit chains) and extra-framework content on the H P -behaviour of FZ. The structural analogy among the FZ group, due to the 4 = 1 secondary building unit (SBU), induces similar elastic behaviour and a “FZ-average bulk modulus” can be calculated: K T0 = 50±10 GPa. The bulk modulus value changes as function of the extra-framework content, following the sequence: K T0 (Ba-FZ)> K T0 (Ca-FZ)> K T0 ((Ca+Na)-FZ)> K T0 (Na-FZ). Another interesting result is related to the axial compressibility. The experiments on natrolite, scolecite, edingtonite and thomsonite show that the elastic anisotropy, represented by the axial bulk moduli, is strongly influenced by the tetragonal topological symmetry. The H P -structural refinements performed show one main deformation mechanism for all these zeolites: the cooperative rotation (anti-rotation) of the SBU. This mechanism strongly reduces the free volume of the 8-membered ring channels, parallel to the SBU-chain direction.
Query-Based Single Document Summarization Using an Ensemble Noisy Auto-Encoder (2015)

In this paper we use a deep auto-encoder for extractive query-based summarization. We experiment with different input repre-sentations in order to overcome the prob-lems stemming from sparse inputs charac-teristic to linguistic data. In particular, we propose constructing a local vocabulary for each document and adding a small random noise to the input. Also, we propose us-ing inputs with added noise in an Ensem-ble Noisy Auto-Encoder (ENAE) that com-bines the top ranked sentences from mul-tiple runs on the same input with different added noise. We test our model on a pub-licly available email dataset that is specifi-cally designed for text summarization. We show that although an auto-encoder can be a quite effective summarizer, adding noise to the input and running a noisy ensemble can make improvements. 1
Strain Measurements Using Nano-Beam Diffraction on a FE-STEM (2007)

Journal Article Strain Measurements Using Nano-Beam Diffraction on a FE-STEM Get access C Vartuli, C Vartuli Texas Instruments Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K Jarausch, K Jarausch Hitachi High Technologies America Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Inada, H Inada Hitachi High Technologies Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Tsuneta, R Tsuneta Hitachi Central Research Laboratories Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D Dingley, D Dingley EBSD Consultants Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E Marley E Marley Texas Instruments Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 13, Issue S02, 1 August 2007, Pages 836–837, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927607077999 Published: 05 August 2007
Oxidation of thiols by nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide: synthetic utility and toxicological implications (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of thiols by nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide: synthetic utility and toxicological implicationsWilliam A. Pryor, Daniel F. Church, C. K. Govindan, and George CrankCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 1, 156–159Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00340a038RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views911Altmetric-Citations250LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (566 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Metalloprotein Inhibitors for the Treatment of Human Diseases (2015)

Metalloproteins have attracted momentous attentions for the treatment of many human diseases, including cancer, HIV, hypertension, etc. This article reviews the progresses that have been made in the field of drug development of metalloprotein inhibitors, putting emphasis on the targets of carbonic anhydrase, histone deacetylase, angiotensin converting enzyme, and HIV-1 integrase. Many other important metalloproteins are also briefly discussed. The binding and coordination modes of different marketed metalloprotein inhibitors are stated, providing insights to design novel metal binding groups and further novel inhibitors for metalloproteins.
The Amino-terminal Region of the Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin Receptor Contacts Both Subunits of Human Choriogonadotropin (1998)

The luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor, a seven-transmembrane receptor, is composed of two equal halves, the N-terminal extracellular exodomain and the C-terminal membrane-associated endodomain. Unlike most seven-transmembrane receptors, the exodomain alone is responsible for high affinity hormone binding, whereas signal is generated in the endodomain. These physical separations of hormone-binding and receptor activation sites are attributed to unique mechanisms for hormone binding and receptor activation of this receptor and its subfamily members. However, the precise hormone contact sites in the exodomain are unclear. In the preceding article (Hong, S., Phang, T., Ji, I., and Ji, T. H. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 13835-13840), a region immediately downstream of the N terminus of the exodomain was shown to be crucial for hormone binding. To test if the region interacts with the hormone, human choriogonadotropin (hCG) was photoaffinity-labeled with a peptide mimic corresponding to Gly18-Tyr36 of the receptor. This peptide mimic specifically photoaffinity-labeled both the alpha- and beta-subunits of hCG. Interestingly, hCGalpha was preferentially labeled. On the other hand, denatured hCG was not labeled, and a mutant analog of the peptide failed to label hCG. Furthermore, the affinity labeling was UV-dependent and saturable, indicating the specificity of the photoaffinity labeling. Our results indicate that the region of the exodomain interacts with hCG and that the contact points are near both subunits of hCG. Particularly, the alternate residues (Leu20, Cys22, and Gly24) are crucial for hCG binding. In addition, the results underscore the fact that there is a crucial hormone contact site outside of the popularly believed primary hormone-binding site that is composed of Leu-rich repeats and is located in the middle of the exodomain. Our observations are crucial for understanding the molecular mechanism through which the initial high affinity hormone binding leads to receptor activation in the endodomain.
The Potential Role of Gene Expression in the Management of Primary and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2006)

Recent research has been aimed at not only finding new molecularly targeted agents, but also identifying specific signatures to predict sensitivity and resistance to therapy. Future care may soon incorporate the data derived from a single microarray chip or similar technology that will describe a patient's tumor, predict prognosis, and direct specific therapy.
MIMO capacity with channel uncertainty: does feedback help? (2005)

We investigate ergodic capacities and optimal transmitter strategies in Rayleigh fading multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channels with spatial correlation, when there exist channel uncertainties arising from the combined effect of channel estimation error and limited feedback. We consider both covariance feedback and instantaneous feedback, and formulate optimization problems that determine the capacities and optimal transmitter designs for both cases. In the high SNR regime, the optimal solutions have simple closed form formulas that involve inverting the channel covariance and waterfilling over instantaneous channel gains. Numerical results show that instantaneous feedback gives large capacity gain at low SNR and is also helpful at high SNR. Covariance feedback, on the other hand, seems to give little gain at mid SNR, but is almost as good as instantaneous feedback at high SNR under a reasonable channel estimation quality.
Some Examples of Global Instability of the Competitive Equilibrium (1960)

In this paper we consider the problem of stability of the competitive equilibrium. The market demand functions are sums of individual demand functions obtained directly by utility maximization. The rate of change of the price of each commodity is assumed to be proportional to the excess market demand for that commodity. A number of examples are given for which the motion of the prices is globally unstable in the sense that starting from any set of prices other than equilibrium, the prices oscillate without tending towards equilibrium.
A retrospective survey of diseases of feedlot cattle in Alberta. (1981)

A survey of feedlot managers was used to obtain information on disease occurrence, management practices and preventive techniques employed in feedlots in Alberta. Respiratory diseases were reported to be the most frequent causes of sickness and death. Costs associated with disease occurrence were estimated to be C $15.6 million in feedlots in Alberta annually during the period under study.
<title>Design and performance characteristics of a collector for high-efficiency detection of photostimulable-phosphor emissions</title> (1993)

High efficiency detection of stimulated emissions from photostimulable storage phosphors requires a specialized class of collector design. In addition to collecting as many stimulated photon emissions as possible, the design must minimize the probability of secondary stimulated emissions. The latter, resulting from the stimulating photons, originally scattered by the storage phosphor, whereby reflection, find a secondary path back to the storage phosphor and strike it at a location other than that of the scanning beam. These secondary emissions are referred to as flare light, and will degrade the MTF of the system. Eastman Kodak Company has developed and patented collector designs that are highly suitable for use in computed radiography scanner systems. The design and performance characteristics of this class of collector design will be presented.
Chiral Recognition of Amethopterin Enantiomers by the Reduced Folate Carrier in Caco-2 Cells (2007)

Stereoselectivity of the human reduced folate carrier (RFC1) in Caco-2 cells was examined using methotrexate (L-amethopterin, L-MTX) and its antipode (D-amethopterin, D-MTX) as model substrates. The initial uptake rate of L-MTX into Caco-2 cells followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a Km value of approximately 1 microM. The Eadie-Hofstee plot of the RFC1-mediated L-MTX uptake showed that it was mediated by a single transport system, RFC1. Dixon plots revealed that L-MTX uptake was inhibited competitively by folic acid (FA), L-MTX and D-MTX, with Ki values of approximately 0.8, 1.5 and 180 microM, respectively. The results showed that the affinities of FA and L-MTX to RFC1 were approximately 120-fold greater than that of D-MTX. The uptake of L- and D-MTX into Caco-2 cells was also measured using LC-MS/MS analysis, which revealed that the L-MTX uptake was at least 7-fold greater than that of D-MTX. The present study revealed significant stereoselectivity of RFC1 toward amethopterin enantiomers with the L-isomer being much more favored.
A uniform AAA handling scheme for heterogeneous networking environments (2009)

Starting with an efficient mobility management scheme for heterogeneous wireless networks, this paper proposes a solution for AAA handling using a common database for storing user information. Regardless of the access technology selected, user@realm identities are used for authentication, authorization, and accounting. In particular, a new function is introduced in which port-based network access control is used in combination with dynamic host configuration protocol mechanisms for IP address allocation. This way, PPP-based and Ethernet-based access technologies are handled uniformly. Advantages with the proposed solution include: using only standardized mechanisms in the mobile node, as well as in the access networks. Only an additional plug-in in the AAA server (located in the access networks) needs to be deployed. The proposed AAA architecture has been implemented and evaluated in a live experimental environment. Results show authentication and authorization to perform efficiently and seamlessly.
Butterfly-Plant Coevolution: Has <i>Passiflora adenopoda</i> Won the Selectional Race with Heliconiine Butterflies? (1971)

Hooklike trichomes of Passiflora adenopoda provide a specific, effectively absolute defense against heliconiine butterfly larvae, a major class of Passiflora herbivores. It is suggested that since mechanical defenses are usually more selective in their action against herbivores, they usually are evolved by a plant only after it has accumulated a series of chemical defenses.
A new fuzzy-clustering-based approach for two-way circuit partitioning (2002)

In this paper, a new fuzzy-clustering-based approach is proposed for two-way circuit partitioning. First, a circuit netlist is represented as an undirected edge-weighted graph by a tree net model. Furthermore, the fuzzy memberships and the clustering distance are introduced into the graph. Based on fuzzy c-means clustering, two groups of the fuzzy memberships will be assigned onto all of the vertices in the graph. Finally, according to these fuzzy memberships and the area information of the circuit netlist, the circuit netlist will be partitioned into two smaller netlists with area-balanced constraints. As a result, the proposed fuzzy clustering-based approach is implemented to obtain a better two-way partitioning with area-balanced constraints on circuit benchmarks.