gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[A comparative study on the antifertility action of levonorgestrel oxime and levonorgestrel]. (1988)

Levorgestrel oxime (LNGO) was administered intragastrically to pregnant rats at daily doses of 5 7.5 or 10 mg/kg on days 1-4 of pregnancy and at daily doses of 40 or 60 mg/kg on days 6-8 of pregnancy. LNGO showed significant implantation and termination of early pregnancy effects. Levonorgestrel (LNG) was administered similarly to pregnant rats at daily doses of 10 40 or 80 mg/kg on days 1-4 of pregnancy and at daily doses of 40 or 80 mg/kg on days 6-8 of pregnancy. LNG showed no obvious anti-implantation and termination of early pregnancy effects. LNGO was administered in the same fashion to pregnant rats on days 1-4 of pregnancy at daily doses of 10 mg/kg. Light microscopic examination of the endometrium showed inhibition of hyperplasia and decidualization of stromal cells. Electron microscopic examination of the endometrium showed regressed microvilli degenerated organelles and interrupted basal lamina in epithelial cells and dilated perinuclear cisternai in stromal cells. LNG was administered intragastrically to pregnant rats at daily doses of 40 mg/kg on days 1-4 of pregnancy. Light and electron microscopic examination of the endometrium showed no morphological changes. LNG was injected directly into the right uterine horn of the rat at a single dose of 3 or 30 mg into each horn on the estrous day (left horn was used as control). Light and electron microscopic examination of the endometrium showed no morphological changes. Human trophoblastic cells were cultured in medium containing LNGO at concentrations of 50 mcg/ml or 100 mcg/ml and the cells were damaged (Fig. 2: A B C). If human trophoblastic cells were cultured in medium containing LNG at concentrations of 50 mcg/ml or 100 mcg/ml no apparent effects were observed. (authors modified) (summary in ENG)
Novel islanding detection method for distributed generation (2009)

This paper describes the development of a novel islanding detection method for inverter-based distributed generation, which uses the signal cross-correlation scheme between the injected reactive current and the power frequency deviation. The existing method injects the 5% reactive current to the rated current for detecting the frequency deviation, which brings about reduction of power quality. On the contrary, the proposed method injects the 1% reactive current to the rated current which brings about negligible degradation of power quality. The proposed method detects the islanding state by calculating the cross-correlation index between the injected reactive current and the frequency deviation. The operational feasibility was verified through computer simulations with PSCAD/EMTDC software and experimental works with a 3 kVA hardware prototype. The proposed method can detect the islanding state effectively without degrading the power quality at the point of common connection point.
Bottom Electrode Surface Treatment effect on MTJ in MRAM Device (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Bearing Fault Diagnosis in Induction Machine Based on Current Analysis Using High-Resolution Technique (2007)

In this paper, we propose to perform early fault diagnosis using high-resolution spectral analysis of the stator current to detect bearing faults in electrical induction machine. While most research works focus on mechanical vibration analysis, the originality of our work relies on the use of high-resolution methods to detect modulations in the stator current. We present the results obtained for real data to detect inner and outer raceway bearing defects made articially as well as bearing defects obtained through on-site ageing. The obtained results show that the proposed method yields better detection than classical spectum analysis.
Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>interaction with AVP: effects on AQP2 phosphorylation and distribution (2000)

Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) antagonizes the action of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on collecting duct water permeability. To investigate the mechanism of this antagonism, rat renal inner medulla (IM) was incubated with the two hormones, and the phosphorylation and subcellular distribution of the water channel, aquaporin-2 (AQP2) were studied. Using a phosphorylation state-specific AQP2 antibody, we demonstrated that AVP stimulates AQP2 phosphorylation at the Ser(256) protein kinase A consensus site in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In parallel studies using a differential centrifugation technique, we demonstrated that AVP induced translocation of AQP2 from an intracellular vesicle-enriched fraction to a plasma membrane-enriched fraction. PGE(2) (10(-7) M) added after AVP (10(-8) M) did not decrease AQP2 phosphorylation but reversed AVP-induced translocation of AQP2 to the plasma membrane. Preincubation of IM with PGE(2) did not prevent the effects of AVP on AQP2 phosphorylation and trafficking. PGE(2) alone did not influence AQP2 phosphorylation and subcellular distribution. Our data indicate that 1) recruitment of AQP2 to the plasma membrane and its retrieval to a pool of intracellular vesicles may be regulated independently, 2) PGE(2) may counteract AVP action by activation of AQP2 retrieval, 3) dephosphorylation of AQP2 is not a prerequisite for its internalization.
A Comparison of <sup>11</sup>C-Labeled <scp>l</scp>-DOPA and <scp>l</scp>-Fluorodopa as Positron Emission Tomography Tracers for the Presynaptic Dopaminergic System (1999)

11C-labeled 3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl-L-alanine (L-DOPA) and L-fluorodopa were used as tracers for the functional state of the presynaptic dopamine system in anesthetized monkeys with positron emission tomography. The radiotracer disposition in brain tissue and plasma were studied and effects induced by pharmacologic challenges were evaluated. 6R-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (6R-BH4) increased the striatal influx rate constant, e.g., striatal K(i) for L-[beta-11C]DOPA, but it induced no effect on the K(i)-value using L-[beta-11C]-6-fluorodopa. Studies of radiolabeled tracer and metabolites in plasma showed substantial differences between the two tracers. At baseline conditions, 60% unchanged L-[beta-11C]DOPA was detected in plasma 50 minutes after tracer injection and the 3-O-methylated fraction accounted for 25% of total radioactivity. For L-[beta-11C]-6-fluorodopa, the relation was inverse; about 25% unchanged tracer and 60% 3-O-methyl metabolite were present in plasma after 50 minutes. A site-specific 11C-labeling in the carboxylic position in the molecules revealed a significant specific retention of radioactivity in striatum with L-[car-boxy-11C]-6-fluorodopa but not with L-[carboxy-11C]DOPA. The 3-O-methyl metabolite of L-DOPA is known to pass the blood-brain barrier and may interfere with the calculation of the K(i)value using a brain reference region. Thus, extensive 3-O-methylation in circulation of the fluorinated analog could obscure the detectability of potential functional change in striatal K(i) of the tracer when using a reference tissue model for calculation.
Design hazards of electrosurgical devices. (1976)

The tremendous lifesaving value of adjunct electrosurgery to the medical profession is not without potential hazards. The hazards, which can be classified as radio-frequency burn hazards, shock hazards, electrocution hazards, and explosion hazards, may result from equipment design circuitry, possible failure modes, or operator error. The three basic electrosurgery systems currently being marketed--grounded output systems, referred-to-ground output systems, and floating output systems--are described, and the hazard potential of each system, as well as the hazard potentials of modifications of these systems, are identified. The authors propose a safety system to eliminate most of the hazards cited for the other systems, recommend minimum circuit performance requirements, and evaluate an electrosurgery standard.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF DERIVATIVES OF BENZO(C)QUINOLIZINE (1979)

Abstract Aus 2‐Picolyllithium (I) und o‐Chlorbenzonitri1(II) erhält man das Imin (IIIa), das zum freien Keton (IIIb) verseift wird.
AMBLYOPIA, ECCENTRIC FIXATION AND THE STILES — CRAWFORD EFFECT (1970)

RESEARCH ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Department of Ophthalmology Washington University School of Medicine 660 South Euclid Avenue St. Louis, Missouri 63110
Let Your Photos Talk: Generating Narrative Paragraph for Photo Stream via Bidirectional Attention Recurrent Neural Networks (2017)

Automatic generation of natural language description for individual images (a.k.a. image captioning) has attracted extensive research attention. In this paper, we take one step further to investigate the generation of a paragraph to describe a photo stream for the purpose of storytelling. This task is even more challenging than individual image description due to the difficulty in modeling the large visual variance in an ordered photo collection and in preserving the long-term language coherence among multiple sentences. To deal with these challenges, we formulate the task as a sequence-to-sequence learning problem and propose a novel joint learning model by leveraging the semantic coherence in a photo stream. Specifically, to reduce visual variance, we learn a semantic space by jointly embedding each photo with its corresponding contextual sentence, so that the semantically related photos and their correlations are discovered. Then, to preserve language coherence in the paragraph, we learn a novel Bidirectional Attention-based Recurrent Neural Network (BARNN) model, which can attend on the discovered semantic relation to produce a sentence sequence and maintain its consistence with the photo stream. We integrate the two-step learning components into one single optimization formulation and train the network in an end-to-end manner. Experiments on three widely-used datasets (NYC/Disney/SIND) show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods with large margins for both retrieval and paragraph generation tasks. We also show the subjective preference of the machine-generated stories by the proposed approach over the baselines through a user study with 40 human subjects.
Hydrogen Sulfide-Based Therapies: Focus on H2S Releasing NSAIDs (2011)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain medications, commonly referred to as NSAIDs, are effective treatment for pain, fever and inflammation. However their use associates with a 4-6 fold increase in the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. The basic mode of action of NSAIDs lies in the inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COXs), a family of enzymes involved in the generation of prostaglandins (PGs). The COX exists at least in two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, with PGs mediating inflammation at site of injury generated by the COX-2, while COX-1 produces PGs that are essential in maintaining integrity in the gastrointestinal tract. Selective inhibitors of COX-2, the coxibs, spare the gastrointestinal tract while exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, their use has been linked to an increased risk of thrombo-embolic events. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), are potent vasodilatory agents that maintain mucosal integrity in the gastrointestinal tract. In the last decade hybrid molecules that release NO or H(2)S have been coupled with non-selective NSAIDs to generate new classes of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents with the potential to spare the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular system. These agents, the NO-releasing NSAIDs, or CINOD, and the H(2)S-releasing NSAIDs are currently investigated as a potential alternative to NSAIDs and coxibs. Naproxcinod has been the first, and so far the only, CINOD extensively investigated in clinical trials. Despite its promising profile, the approval of this drug was recently rejected by the Food and Drug Administration because the lack of long-term controlled studies. NSAIDs that release H(2)S as a mechanism to support an enhanced gastrointestinal and cardiovascular safety are being investigated in preclinical studies. Either naproxen or diclofenac coupled to an H(2)S releasing moiety has been reported to cause less gastrointestinal and cardiovascular injury than parent NSAIDs in preclinical models.
Managing aggressive behavior in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and borderline personality disorder. (1999)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, occurring in 2% to 3% of the U.S. population. Borderline personality disorder is found in 2% of the U.S. population. These disorders denote the endpoints on a spectrum of compulsive and impulsive disorders. One endpoint marks compulsive or risk-aversive behaviors characterized by overestimation of the probability of future harm, highlighted by OCD. The other endpoint designates impulsive action characterized by the lack of complete consideration of the negative results of such behavior, such as borderline and antisocial personality disorders. This article examines studies testing the efficacy of different medications in treating compulsive and impulsive disorders. Mood stabilizers such as divalproex, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and neuroleptics have documented efficacy in treating aggression and affective instability in impulsive patients.
Phase modulation in GaAs/AlGaAs double heterostructures. I. Theory (1990)

This work aims at a systematic study of phase modulation in GaAs/AlGaAs double-heterostructure waveguides with different doping profiles. Both theoretical (part I) and experimental (part II) aspects are investigated, leading to interesting new results. Phase modulation is the sum of a linear electro-optic term, a quadratic electro-optic term, and a free-carrier term. The carrier term is shown to be the sum of a plasma term, an intervalence-band term (for holes only), a band-filling term, and a band-shrinkage term, the latter being due to many-body effects. A new analytic expression for the band-filling term is derived which shows that the band-filling effect does not depend on the carrier effective mass. We prove that the band-shrinkage term is approximately half of the band-filling term, but has opposite sign. The phase modulation is computed using an overlap integral between the optical intensity and the local refractive-index difference. We also report an analytic expression for the modulation efficiency of a p-i-n junction double-heterostructure modulator. This expression is very accurate and only requires knowledge of the depletion width and the guiding parameters.
Cavitands: Organic Hosts with Enforced Cavities (1983)

Organic hosts are now being designed and synthesized which contain enforced cavities large enough to complex and even surround simple inorganic or organic guest compounds.
Secondary Emission Detector System for Saturne II (1977)

We present a novel approach to beam profile monitoring around a 3-GeV accelerator (Saturne) based on a break-through in secondary emission hardware. Emphasis was set on minimizing multiple scattering so as to preserve the high quality emittance required for nuclear spectroscopy. The secondary emission material is plated by a photographic process as a grid of 0.1 to 0.3 micron thick aluminium or nickel on a Kapton substrate 7 to 10 micron thick. This method represents an order of magnitude improvement over detectors using solid strips of aluminium as far as beam disturbance is concerned.
Identification and Characterization of a Novel Non-Structural Protein of Bluetongue Virus (2011)

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of a major disease of livestock (bluetongue). For over two decades, it has been widely accepted that the 10 segments of the dsRNA genome of BTV encode for 7 structural and 3 non-structural proteins. The non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2, NS3/NS3a) play different key roles during the viral replication cycle. In this study we show that BTV expresses a fourth non-structural protein (that we designated NS4) encoded by an open reading frame in segment 9 overlapping the open reading frame encoding VP6. NS4 is 77-79 amino acid residues in length and highly conserved among several BTV serotypes/strains. NS4 was expressed early post-infection and localized in the nucleoli of BTV infected cells. By reverse genetics, we showed that NS4 is dispensable for BTV replication in vitro, both in mammalian and insect cells, and does not affect viral virulence in murine models of bluetongue infection. Interestingly, NS4 conferred a replication advantage to BTV-8, but not to BTV-1, in cells in an interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral state. However, the BTV-1 NS4 conferred a replication advantage both to a BTV-8 reassortant containing the entire segment 9 of BTV-1 and to a BTV-8 mutant with the NS4 identical to the homologous BTV-1 protein. Collectively, this study suggests that NS4 plays an important role in virus-host interaction and is one of the mechanisms played, at least by BTV-8, to counteract the antiviral response of the host. In addition, the distinct nucleolar localization of NS4, being expressed by a virus that replicates exclusively in the cytoplasm, offers new avenues to investigate the multiple roles played by the nucleolus in the biology of the cell.
Metastatic breast carcinoma in pleural fluid. Correlation of morphology with estrogen receptor activity and morphology of the primary carcinoma. (1990)

Sixty-nine breast carcinoma patients with malignant pleural effusions were studied (1) to compare the morphology of the carcinoma cells in the effusions with the morphology in the primary carcinomas and (2) to correlate the morphologic findings with the estrogen receptor (ER) activity of the carcinomas and with the survival of the patients. Twenty-six patients had effusions containing carcinoma cells forming hollow spheres (morula-positive cases) while 43 had pleomorphic tissue fragments or tumor giant cells or both (morula-negative cases). Twenty-nine of 44 primary carcinomas with hormone receptor determination were ER positive. The median survival of patients with ER-positive tumors was 77 months while the median survival of ER-negative patients was 46 months. Thirteen patients with morula-positive effusions and 16 patients with morula-negative effusions had ER-positive primary carcinomas (P less than .001). Thirteen of 17 patients with morula-positive effusions and 4 of 23 patients with morula-negative effusions had duct or tubule formation in their primary carcinomas (P less than .001). The median survival of 26 patients with morula-positive effusions was 92 months, compared with 49 months for 43 patients with morula-negative effusions (P less than .001). Patients with ER-positive/morula-negative carcinomas had a significantly better survival rate than did patients with ER-negative/morula-negative carcinomas, but a significantly poorer survival rate than did patients with morula-positive carcinomas.
In situ analysis of negative-tone resist pattern formation using organic-solvent-based developer process (2013)

In situ resist "pattern formation" analysis during the development process using high-speed atomic force microscopy has been improved for application not only for conventional aqueous 0.26 N tetramethylammonium hydroxide (aq. TMAH), but also organic solvent n-butyl acetate (nBA) developers. Comparative investigations of resist dissolution in these developers, using the same resist material (hybrid of polyhydroxystyrene and methacrylate), showed a grainlike, uniform dissolution of the "unexposed resist film" in nBA development and uneven dissolution of the "exposed resist film" in aq. TMAH development. These results suggest the importance of dissolution uniformity in further improving the resulting pattern line width roughness.
DeepNav: Learning to Navigate Large Cities (2017)

We present DeepNav, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based algorithm for navigating large cities using locally visible street-view images. The DeepNav agent learns to reach its destination quickly by making the correct navigation decisions at intersections. We collect a large-scale dataset of street-view images organized in a graph where nodes are connected by roads. This dataset contains 10 city graphs and a total of more than 1 million street-view images. We propose 3 supervised learning approaches for the navigation task, and show how A* search in the city graph can be used to generate labels for the images. Our annotation process is fully automated using publicly available mapping services, and requires no human input. We evaluate the proposed DeepNav models on 4 held-out cities for navigating to 5 different types of destinations and show that our algorithms outperform previous work that uses hand-crafted features and Support Vector Regression (SVR) [19].
<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> Strain Variability and Periodontitis (1999)

To determine if there is variability in virulence among strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis in human periodontitis, their distribution in a group of subjects with clear indicators of periodontitis and in a healthy, age-matched control group was examined. The presence of heteroduplex types of P. gingivalis in the two groups was determined with a PCR-based assay. This assay relied on detection of polymorphisms in the ribosomal internal spacer region (ISR). ISR fragments generated by PCR with P. gingivalis-specific primers were hybridized to fragments from reference strains, and the formation of heteroduplexes from the hybridization of nonidentical sequences was observed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Characteristic fingerprints from comparison with a panel of reference strains allowed the identification of heteroduplex types in clinical samples. One hundred thirty adults with periodontitis and 181 controls were sampled. With this approach, 11 heteroduplex types of P. gingivalis were detected in the population. Sufficient numbers were available for statistical analysis of six of these types. Heteroduplex type hW83 was found to be very strongly associated with periodontitis (P = 0.0000), and two additional types, h49417 and hHG1691, were also significantly associated with disease. The remaining types, h23A4, h381, and hA7A1, were detected more frequently in subjects with periodontitis than in healthy subjects, but the difference was not significant. These data indicate that virulence in human periodontitis varies among strains of P. gingivalis, and they identify an apparently highly virulent subgroup.
Temperate Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage phi 3T: chromosomal attachment site and comparison with temperate bacteriophages phi 105 and SPO2 (1977)

The temperate Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage phi 3T contains within its genome a locus, designated thyP3, that encodes for a protein with thymidylate synthetase activity. Bacteriophage phi 3T is different from the two previously characterized temperate phages, phi 105 and SPO2, in: heteroimmunity, response to bacteriophage antisera, endonuclease digestion pattern, induction in the presence of 6-(p-hydroxyphenylazo)-uracil, and effect on the lytic cycle of bacteriophage phi 1. The mean burst size of phi 3T is 56. The dose response curve with bacteriophage phi 3T DNA is linear for transfection and transformation to the Thy+ phenotype. The inserted prophage has been mapped by PBS1 transduction; it is between chromosomal markers ilvA8 and gltA in the terminus of the chromosome. Thus thyP3 maps at a site separate from, but between, the bacterial markers thyA and thyB when thyP3 is in the prophage state.