gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Embedding QR code in color images using halftoning technique (2015)

The grow of smart phone and mobile devices market, has created a new set of opportunities for companies to develop new publicity strategies. One of the most widespread forms of engaging mobile users from printed materials is based on the use of QR codes, which have been adopted for many different applications such as accessing web sites or downloading premium content. In this research work, we will be performing embedding QR code into color image and hiding information using QR code, in order to make them visually appealing to the user while maintaining acceptable decoding robustness. In contrast to previous approaches the methods presented here allows to automatically embedding QR codes into color, grayscale or binary images. These embedding are designed to be compatible with standard decoding applications and can be applied to any color image with full area coverage. The embedding problem is solved by the integration of halftoning method. Finally, we show experimental results of halftoning of color image, embedded QR code image in color image and decoded QR code image from color image.
Making Better Ceramic Composites with Ice (2006)

The tough structure of shellfish nacre has been replicated in a ceramic by a simple water-freezing method.
Fuzzy Hybrid Systems (2020)

Combining expert systems and artificial neural networks in a manner that exploits the strengths of both systems expands the applications to which either system could be applied individually. Fuzziness in expert systems more closely imitates the thinking and decision-making processes of humans. In this chapter, a method is given for converting a fuzzy rule-based expert system into a functionally equivalent artificial neural network. The approach used to translate any newly acquired knowledge back to the expert system is also provided. The knowledge base and inference engine of the expert system define the knowledge and processing of the neural network. Test results show that the neural network is able to effectively handle the fuzzy rule-base and that rules learned by the neural network can be successfully used by the expert system.
Increased Serotonin Level Via Augmented Tryptophan Diet and Its Effect on Escape Learning (1981)

Brain serotonin level was increased by supplementing the diet in two groups of rats. They were first exposed to conditions of shock, either escapable or inescapable. They were then placed in a cool water bath, and the response latency to successful escape was noted. Two other groups fed normal diets were similarly examined. Tryptophan effects of hypothermia were shown to interact with the analgesic effects of serotonin and to the tolerance of the noxious water bath. The results are discussed in relation to brain serotonin effects on escape following shock pretreatment ("learned helplessness") and its relevance to clinical depression.
A Shape‐Aware Model for Discrete Texture Synthesis (2013)

Abstract We present a novel shape‐aware method for synthesizing 2D and 3D discrete element textures consisting of collections of distinct vector graphics objects. Extending the long‐proven point process framework, we propose a shape process , a novel stochastic model based on spatial measurements that fully take into account the geometry of the elements. We demonstrate that our approach is well‐suited for discrete texture synthesis by example. Our model enables for both robust statistical parameter estimation and reliable output generation by Monte Carlo sampling. Our numerous experiments show that contrary to current state‐of‐the‐art techniques, our algorithm manages to capture anisotropic element distributions and systematically prevents undesirable collisions between objects.
Organic Pesticides. Part IX. Synthesis of some 2-Arylamino-4-substituted Phenylthiazoles and their Acetosxymercuri Derivadves (1962)

Several 2-arylamino-4-substituted phenylthinzoles, derived from different arylthioureas and 4-fluoro., 4-fluoro-2-methyl-. and 2-fiunro-5-rnethyi-acetophcones. have been prepared and their acetoxymercuri derivatives obtained in order to study their pesticidal properties.
Active Nuclear Material Detection and Imaging (2006)

An experimental evaluation has been conducted to assess the operational performance of a coded-aperture, thermal neutron imaging system and its detection and imaging capability for shielded nuclear material in pulsed photonuclear environments. This evaluation used an imaging system developed by Brookhaven National Laboratory. The active photonuclear environment was produced by an operationally-flexible, Idaho National Laboratory (INL) pulsed electron accelerator. The neutron environments were monitored using INL photonuclear neutron detectors. Results include experimental images, operational imaging system assessments and recommendations that would enhance nuclear material detection and imaging performance.
Hyperfine Structure Constants in the 10<sup>2</sup>D<sub>3/2</sub>and 11<sup>2</sup>D<sub>3/2</sub>States of<sup>85</sup>Rb (1993)

The magnetic-dipole interaction constants A and the electric-quadrupole interaction constants B of two n2D3 /2 states of 85 Rb were measured by the quantum beat method. The results are -for n = 10: IA| = 0.393(8) MHz, |B| = 0.141(13) MHz, for n = 11: IA| = 0.283(6) MHz, |B| = 0.100(11) MHz, and positive ratio B/A for both states.
Exploitation minière au Sud : enjeux et conflits (2013)

L’exploitation minière est à la fois un miroir et un levier de la mondialisation en cours. Elle soulève des problèmes en termes de gestion et de contrôle, mais aussi, plus radicalement, en termes d’égalité, de droits et, finalement, de choix de société. Les nombreux conflits qui en résultent prennent diverses formes et rassemblent différentes forces sociales, dont l’articulation déterminera en grande partie le sort réservé à notre planète.
Regulation of Arcuate Neurons Coexpressing Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B, and Dynorphin by Modulators of Neurokinin 3 and κ-Opioid Receptors in Adult Male Mice (2013)

Pulsatile GnRH release is essential to fertility and is modulated by gonadal steroids, most likely via steroid-sensitive afferents. Arcuate neurons coexpressing kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin (KNDy neurons) are steroid-sensitive and have been postulated to both generate GnRH pulses and mediate steroid feedback on pulse frequency. KNDy neurons are proposed to interact with one another via NKB and dynorphin to activate and inhibit the KNDy network, respectively, and thus alter kisspeptin output to GnRH neurons. To test the roles of NKB and dynorphin on KNDy neurons and the steroid sensitivity of these actions, targeted extracellular recordings were made of Tac2(NKB)-GFP-identified neurons from castrate and intact male mice. Single-cell PCR confirmed most of these cells had a KNDy phenotype. The neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) agonist senktide increased action potential firing activity of KNDy neurons. Dynorphin reduced spontaneous KNDy neuron activity, but antagonism of κ-opioid receptors (KOR) failed to induce firing activity in quiescent KNDy neurons. Senktide-induced activation was greater in KNDy neurons from castrate mice, whereas dynorphin-induced suppression was greater in KNDy neurons from intact mice. Interactions of dynorphin with senktide-induced activity were more complex; dynorphin treatment after senktide had no consistent inhibitory effect, whereas pretreatment with dynorphin decreased senktide-induced activity only in KNDy neurons from intact but not castrate mice. These data suggest dynorphin-mediated inhibition of senktide-induced activity requires gonadal steroid feedback. Together, these observations support the hypotheses that activation of NK3R and KOR, respectively, excites and inhibits KNDy neurons and that gonadal steroids modulate these effects.
Prologue (2007)

Abstract This introductory chapter discusses the four general periods through which the “grammar” of stereographic narrative has evolved. The four periods discussed are the Novelty Period, the Era of Convergence, the Immersive Era, and the era of Digital 3-D Cinema. It also states the main purposes of this book, one of which is to demonstrate the fundamental importance of stereography to the development of motion picture technology.
Coordinated action of IgE and a B-cell-stimulatory factor on the CD23 receptor molecule up-regulates B-lymphocyte growth. (1987)

The CD23 (BLAST-2) antigen, recently identified as the low-affinity IgE receptor of B lymphocytes, has also been implicated as the focus for growth-promoting signals delivered to activated B cells by a low molecular weight B-cell growth factor (BCGF). Here we show that IgE and BCGF can coordinate B-lymphocyte growth through their opposing effects on the CD23 molecule. While the activation of purified quiescent B cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate led to the induction of 45-kDa CD23 at the surface membrane, the inclusion of IgE increased CD23 expression by a factor of approximately equal to 5. The addition of BCGF resulted in the rapid release of a 35-kDa form of CD23 from the cell surface. This shed molecule is associated with autocrine growth factor activity. Substantially more of this material was generated by BCGF acting on cells that had been stimulated in the presence of IgE. The combined effects of IgE and BCGF on DNA synthesis in activated B cells were more than additive. IgE similarly augmented the stimulatory capacity of a CD23 antibody that mimics the biological actions of BCGF. Binding of the anti-receptor antibody to its 45-kDa target at the B-cell surface also prompted the release of the 35-kDa soluble species. These results demonstrate a pleiotropy in the CD23 molecule with regard to both ligand binding and the subsequent behavior of the receptor. The ability of this single receptor to orchestrate a B-lymphocyte response through a variety of ligands and its role in normal and transformed autocrine growth are discussed.
160 Gbit/s WDM (20 Gbit/s × 8 channels) solitontransmissionover 10000 km using in-line synchronous modulationand optical filtering (1998)

A 160 Gbit/s WDM (20 Gbit/s × 8 channels) soliton data signal was successfully transmitted over 10000 km through the use of in-line synchronous modulation and optical filtering. A four-segment dispersion decreasing configuration was used to reduce the soliton interaction and the dispersive waves. Polarisation scrambling and phase modulation at the input were also employed to extend the transmission distance.
A normally-off GaN FET with high threshold voltage uniformity using a novel piezo neutralization technique (2009)

In this paper, we successfully demonstrate a recessed gate normally-off GaN FET on a silicon substrate with high threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) uniformity and low on-resistance. In order to realize high V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> uniformity, a novel V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> control technique is proposed, which we call ¿piezo neutralization technique¿. This technique includes a piezo neutralization (PNT) layer formed at the bottom of the gate recess. Since the PNT layer neutralizes the polarization charges under the gate, the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> comes to be independent of the gate-to-channel span. The fabricated normally-off GaN FET with PNT structure exhibits an excellent V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> uniformity (¿(V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) = 18 mV) and a state-of-the-art combination of the specific on-resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> A = 500 m ¿ mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and the breakdown voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> > 1000 V). The normally-off GaN FETs wtih PNT structure show great promise as power devices.
Dose and implantation temperature influence on disorder produced by Ar<sup>+</sup> ion implantation into GaN (2002)

In this work, we present a detailed investigation of disorder accumulation in gallium nitride (GaN) implanted with Ar <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> ions as a function of implantation temperature and ion dose. Implantations were carried out with energy 150 keV in a dose range between 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sup> and 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> at a variety of substrate temperatures from room temperature to 1000°C. Depth distributions of the disorder were measured by Rutherford Backscattering spectrometry In the channeling mode and Ar depth profiles were obtained by Secondary Ion Mass spectrometry. Two disordered regions were identified in the damage depth distribution: a surface peak and a bulk damage peak. Both damage peaks exhibited a well-defined transition dose above which the damage level increased dramatically. With increasing implantation temperature up to 1000°C, the amount of damage in the surface peak decreased for the whole dose range studied. The amount of disorder in the bulk damage peak was less sensitive to the increase of implantation temperature and in addition displayed a ""reverse annealing"" behavior, which was attributed to the formation of characteristic secondary defects.
Photodynamic Therapy with Hematoporphyrin Derivative in the Treatment of Superficial Transitional-Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder (1987)

Photodynamic therapy involves light-induced destruction of tumors containing a photosensitizer such as hematoporphyrin derivative. We conducted a collaborative study to evaluate the efficacy of this form of therapy in treating superficial transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. Thirty-seven patients were evaluated and 20 were selected for treatment. A total of 50 papillary tumors and 3 areas of carcinoma in situ were treated. All except two tumors were smaller than 2.5 cm. Assessments for treatment response and toxicity were carried out three months after treatment. The initial diagnosis of one patient was revised after the biopsy material was reviewed, and this patient was not included in the analysis. Complete eradication of all tumors was observed in 9 of 19 patients (47 percent), including those with carcinoma in situ. In the remaining 10 of these 19 patients, 13 tumors could not be eradicated (the overall eradication rate was 37 of 50 tumors [74 percent]), but 9 of the 10 patients had a reduction in tumor size, number, or both of 50 percent or more. We conclude that photodynamic therapy is useful in the treatment of superficial transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder, but controlled trials will be required to define its place in the treatment of cancer.
Towards Modeling of Perception Errors in Autonomous Vehicles (2018)

Detection and tracking of dynamic traffic objects such as pedestrians, cyclists, and surrounding ground vehicles is an important part of the perception of Autonomous Vehicle (AV). In practice, the presence of noise corrupts sensors' ideal performance, causing detection and state estimation of moving objects to be erroneous. These detection errors propagate through the overall system and potentially compromise the reliability and safety of the AV. To get an assurance that the vehicle will operate safely, any simulation platform for an AV must include a realistic representation of the fallacies in vehicle's perception. In this study, the perception error for a vision based detection algorithm of the camera sensor is modeled by applying auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) and nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) method. It will enable statistical error values to be injected into ideal values obtained from simulation models. The proposed approach is evaluated based on several test case scenarios using various environmental and traffic information. A comparative analysis of the behavior of the AV with and without perception error model for the imperfection of camera sensor has been undertaken using the CarMaker platform. The investigation of the impact on the behavior of the AV by the variation of the state (distance, brake-torque) clearly depict the effectiveness of incorporating the error model at detection level in CarMaker.
Monoclonal antibodies to horse cytochrome <i>c</i> expressing four distinct idiotypes distribute among two sites on the native protein. (1985)

Antibody-secreting hybridoma cell lines produced from BALB/c mice that had been immunized with horse cytochrome c (cyt c) conjugated to hemocyanin yielded six hybridoma subclones that produced four monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with different patterns of cross-reactivity with a panel of evolutionarily variant cyt c. The recognition sites for three of these mAb lay in the same region of the intact molecule, because two of the mAb were sensitive to the amino acid residue present at sequence position 44, with one requiring threonine at position 47. The fourth mAb bound in another region of the molecule at a site that involves either residue 60 or residue 89. Synthetic peptides that included these residues did not react with these mAb, indicating that these sites may require interactions from noncontiguous regions of the molecule to bind antibody. The association constants for the interaction of the mAb with horse cyt c were very similar and of the order of 10(10) M-1. Specificity studies with anti-idiotypic sera and competition assays between mAb for binding to horse cyt c confirmed that the six positive hybridoma subclones produced from this fusion produced mAb that had one of these four distinct specificities. The idiotypes of these four mAb were serologically distinct, and were derived from Vh genes of the J558 family.
VIII.—Justice and Liberty (1951)

VIII.—Justice and Liberty Get access D. Daiches Raphael D. Daiches Raphael Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 51, Issue 1, 1 June 1951, Pages 167–196, https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/51.1.167 Published: 08 December 2015
Progressive Proliferative and Dysplastic Typhlocolitis in Aging Syrian Hamsters Naturally Infected with <i>Helicobacter</i> spp.: A Spontaneous Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2006)

Helicobacter spp. have been implicated in a variety of gastrointestinal tract diseases, including peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in humans and animals. Although most models of IBD are experimentally induced, spontaneous or natural models of IBD are rare. Herein, we describe a long-term study of chronic, progressive lesions that develop in the distal portion of the large bowel of unmanipulated Syrian hamsters naturally infected with Helicobacter spp. Twenty-four Syrian hamsters of three age groups (group A, 1 month [n = 4], group B, 7-12 months [n = 12], group C, 18-24 months [n = 12]), underwent complete postmortem examination. Results of microbial isolation and polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses confirmed the presence of Helicobacter spp. infection in the distal portion of the large bowel of all animals. Additionally, confounding pathogens, such as Clostridium difficile, Lawsonia intracellularis, and Giardia spp. that can cause proliferative enteritis, were absent in the hamsters of this study. Histopathologic scores for inflammation (P < 0.01), hyperplasia (P < 0.01), and dysplasia (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the ileocecocolic (ICC) junction of animals in group C, relative to group A. Dysplastic lesions of various grades were detected in 5 of 11 hamsters in group C. Interestingly, the segment of the bowel that is usually colonized by Helicobacter spp. in hamsters had the most severe lesions. One hamster of group C developed a malignant fibrous histiocytoma, whereas another hamster developed a round cell sarcoma originating from the ICC junction. Thus, lesions in the distal portion of the large bowel of aging hamsters naturally colonized with Helicobacter spp. warrants developing the hamster as an animal model of IBD and potentially IBD-related cancer.
A (sub)graph isomorphism algorithm for matching large graphs (2004)

We present an algorithm for graph isomorphism and subgraph isomorphism suited for dealing with large graphs. A first version of the algorithm has been presented in a previous paper, where we examined its performance for the isomorphism of small and medium size graphs. The algorithm is improved here to reduce its spatial complexity and to achieve a better performance on large graphs; its features are analyzed in detail with special reference to time and memory requirements. The results of a testing performed on a publicly available database of synthetically generated graphs and on graphs relative to a real application dealing with technical drawings are presented, confirming the effectiveness of the approach, especially when working with large graphs.
Low Profile, Miniaturized, Inductively Coupled Capacitively Loaded Monopole Antenna (2011)

A novel high-gain low-profile miniaturized antenna with omnidirectional vertically polarized radiation, similar to a short dipole is presented. The proposed design focus is on increasing the gain and improving the polarization purity of the radiated field in the horizontal plane. The gain and polarization improvement are achieved by isolating the feed structure from a miniaturized resonant radiating structure composed of an in-plane capacitor and a structurally embedded transformer. The antenna topology is developed, based on circuit model and through full-wave simulations the equivalence is established. The equivalent circuit model assists in the initial design, and then minor modifications are required to achieve the desired frequency of operation. The initial topology of the proposed antenna, the so-called Inductively Coupled Capacitively Loaded Monopole Antenna (ICCLMA), consists of two metal layers, a feeding pin and a shorting pin. The performance of the proposed antenna is compared to that of an ordinary inverted F antenna and a more recent low profile vertically polarized antenna (LMMMA) . It is shown that the gain of ICCLMA is 9 dB and 4 dB higher than that of the conventional inverted-F antenna and the LMMMA, respectively. To simplify the fabrication process a modified single-layer ICCLMA topology is presented and optimized. Finally, a design procedure to further reduce the lateral dimension of ICCLMA is presented. A procedure for accurate measurement of antennas with small ground planes is also presented.