gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF CELLULAR PHONE USE ON DRIVING PERFORMANCE (2001)

Many experiments using driving simulators or real roads have shown that using a cellular phone while driving may cause an accident because it delays visual information processing by the driver. In this research, we examined the influence on driving performance of cellular phone use on a course that simulated streets. Driving conditions were driving only, listening to the car radio, hands-free cellular phone use and using a cellular phone with the left hand. Driving performance measurements included braking response time to the brake lights of a preceding car, eye movement, distance from the vehicle in front and lane observance. The subjects were 50 drivers, including ten driving instructors. The mean glance duration when manipulating a cellular phone was longer than when manipulating a hands-free set or car stereo. Braking reaction delay time increased in the following order: driving only, car radio, hands-free and, longest of all, cellular phone. When the cellular phone was used, car speed was slowest, and the distance from the vehicle in front became the longest. Glance duration other than to the front, indicating divided attention, was shortest during the cellular phone use and there were also fewer instances of eye movement. In the case of cellular phone use, stable driving appeared to be more difficult, as there was substantial steering wheel deflection. In this experiment, it was confirmed that use of a hands-free set is effective to some extent, but driving performance was poorer than with driving only. Even though different forms of in-vehicle information apparatus were used, a delay in information processing was consistently found.
Suppression of nonlinear frequency sweep in an optical frequency-domain reflectometer by use of Hilbert transformation (2005)

A compensation technique for reducing the effect of nonlinear optical frequency swept in an optical frequency-domain reflectometer (OFDR) is proposed. The instantaneous sweep optical frequency of an OFDR laser source is directly obtained by analysis of the interference signal from an auxiliary interferometer with a Hilbert transformation. Beating OFDR data from a main interferometer are regenerated with respect to the measured instantaneous optical frequency. We show that this technique dramatically improves the spatial resolution of a conventional OFDR and can be applied to an optical frequency-domain medical imaging system to eliminate the problem of a nonlinear frequency sweep effect.
Spatial and temporal variations of MIMO channels and impacts on capacity (2003)

This paper presents analysis for spatial and temporal variations of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels at the mobile. The channel study is based on the narrowband measurements at 2.11 GHz in Manhattan, New York with 16 transmitting antennas and 16 receiving antennas. Doppler spread and angle of arrival (AOA) are derived from the temporal correlation of field components. The results show that the AOA at the mobile is not uniformly distributed. The restricted AOA distribution results in approximately twice the correlation distance and correlation time than the predicted values from the Jakes (1974) model. The measured median coherence time is at least a few seconds for stationary channels, and 90 ms at a mobile pedestrian speed of 3 km/hr. These observations hold for both vertically and horizontally polarized antennas. The measured median RMS angular spread at the mobile is 22.5/spl deg/ for horizontally polarized antennas and 25.5/spl deg/ for vertically polarized antennas.
Design of an optical tri-axial force sensor (2003)

Optics offers great possibilities for the design of cheap force sensors. One of the applications where these sensors are needed, is a computer pen. There, the force sensor is used to measure the contact forces between the pen tip and the paper. The optical tri-axial force sensor presented in this paper is designed for this purpose. The sensor is based on a flexible structure, which converts the force into a displacement. This displacement is measured optically, with a LED, a photodiode and a moving plate between these two components. Tests show that this simple measuring principle reaches a resolution of 60nm and a linearity of 1% in the range of 500μm. Based on these experiments, a mechanical structure is designed. Special attention is spent to get an equal stiffness and, therefore, an equal sensitivity in all directions. In addition each axis is provided with an emergency stop, to protect the sensor against overloading. The design results in a sensor with the size of 8.4mm x 8.4mm x 44.2mm. After production and assembly, this sensor is tested. It has a resolution of 0.01N, a sensitivity of 40mV/N and a linearity of 2%. Moreover, the sensor is insensitive to temperature variations, due to an extra dummy pair of LED and photodiode.
Nebulized Magnesium Sulfate in the Management of Acute Exacerbations of Asthma (2006)

The studies included in this review fail to clarify the role of nebulized magnesium sulfate; therefore, this therapy cannot be recommended at this time. Future studies evaluating the role of nebulized magnesium as an adjunct therapy to beta(2)-agonist, anticholinergic, and corticosteroid therapy are necessary to determine whether a clinically relevant benefit of this intervention exists.
THE ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY OF HUMAN URINE, AN INDEX OF PROSTATIC SECRETION1<sup>1</sup> (1942)

THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION WAS CONDUCTED to determine, a) the normal values for urinary acid phosphatase in men, women and children; h) the site of origin of urinary phosphatase; and c) the influence of altered physiological states on urinary phosphatase excretion. That the urine of humans contains an enzyme capable of splitting organic phosphates has been demonstrated by Demuth (1) and others (2, 3, 4). These authors agree that optimal phosphate splitting in urine occurs in an acid medium close to a pH of 5. Kutscher (4) found an alkaline phosphatase present at plasma level in the urine. Considerable controversy exists, however, as to the site of formation of urinary phosphatase, its levels of excretion and sex differences in excretion levels. WaldschmidtLeitz and Nonnenbruch (2) found a phosphatase present in urine with an optimum pH range of 5 to 6 and in concentrations much stronger than in serum. They believed
ROV Technology Update From an International Perspective (1984)

The second annual Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV'84) Conference and Exhibition sponsored by the Marine Technology Society San Diego Section and Undersea Vehicle Committee and the University of California I n s t i t u t e of Marine Resources drew over 2,500 attendees t o San Diego, CA. A balanced program was supported by ROV designers from academia and industry, ROV operators associated with service companies, as well as offshore oil company and government users representing 20 nations including the USSR and the PRC. The four-day conference, with i t s 150 exhibits and 70 technical session presentations involved a dynamic exchange of ideas and financial transactions a l l t i e d t o what has been described as an 'explosion" i n the ROV industry. The technical program provided quality presentations on session topics including ROV Subsystem Development Status, Deep ROV Systems, Pipeline Survey Systems, Structure Inspection Activities, Innovative Applications, Operational Characteristics, Platform Integration, International Developments andAutonomous ROV Developments. Copies of the Proceedings run 400 pages and are available, along with copies of the "Operational Guidelines for ROV's" publication and ROVI85 information, from the San Diego Section, P.O. Box 82253, San Diego, CA 92138.
Application of a novel and automated branched DNA in situ hybridization method for the rapid and sensitive localization of mRNA molecules in plant tissues (2014)

RNAscope ISH is a sensitive method that generates high-quality, easily interpretable results from FFPE plant tissues. Automation of the RNAscope method on the Ventana Discovery Ultra platform allows significant advantages for repeatability, reduction in variability, and flexibility of workflow processes.
Structure-Based Improvement of the Biophysical Properties of Immunoglobulin V<sub>H</sub> Domains with a Generalizable Approach (2003)

In a systematic study of V gene families carried out with consensus V(H) and V(L) domains alone and in combinations in the scFv format, we found comparatively low expression yields and lower cooperativity in equilibrium unfolding in antibody fragments containing V(H) domains of human germline families 2, 4, and 6. From an analysis of the packing of the hydrophobic core, the completeness of charge clusters, the occurrence of unsatisfied hydrogen bonds, and residues with low beta-sheet propensities, positive Phi angles, and exposed hydrophobic side chains, we pinpointed residues potentially responsible for the unsatisfactory properties of these germline-encoded sequences. Several of those are in common between the domains of the even-numbered subgroups, but do not occur in the odd-numbered ones. In this study, we have systematically exchanged those residues alone and in combination in two different scFvs using the V(H)6 framework, and we describe their effect on equilibrium stability and folding yield. We improved the stability by 20.9 kJ/mol and the expression yield by a factor of 4 and can now use these data to rationally engineer antibodies derived from this and similar germline families for better biophysical properties. Furthermore, we provide an improved design for libraries exploiting the significant additional diversity provided by these frameworks. Both antibodies studied here completely retain their binding affinity, demonstrating that the CDR conformations were not affected.
Valuing Credit Default Swaps II (2001)

“In the Fall 2000, Journal of Derivatives, Hull and White presented a model for pricing credit default swaps based on the realistic assumption that in a default the bondholders will claim the difference between the bond&9s post-default market value and its face value. An important feature of the approach is the use of market prices for a set of bonds from the same issuer to obtain a term structure of risk-neutral implied default probabilities. This article extends the model significantly to allow for the existence of multiple correlated default risks. Correlations are important either when the swap is subject to counterparty credit risk, or when there are multiple underlyings with correlated risks, as in a basket default swap.”
High efficiency flyback converter using synchronous rectification (2003)

This paper presents a method of driving a synchronous rectifier in a flyback topology. For optimum driving of the synchronous rectifier in a flyback converter, the primary side gate signal has to be transferred to the secondary with minimum delay. This paper presents a method of signal transfer through a power transformer without interference with the main power train. In this concept, the main transformer of the flyback converter is used to store and transfer energy to the secondary and, at the same time, to transfer the gate signal from the primary side to the secondary side with minimum delay. Both the power winding and the signal transfer winding are incorporated in a multilayer PCB, reducing the labor cost. Incorporating the signal winding and the power winding on the same magnetic core decreases the cost and increases the power density, which is a very important feature for the latest generation of DC-DC power converters. This technology is implemented in a 15 W 3.3 V@ 4.5A DC-DC converter, with an efficiency reaching 90% at full load. The power density of the converter reaches 40 W/in/sup 3/.
A randomized, double-blind study of AMG 108 (a fully human monoclonal antibody to IL-1R1) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (2011)

This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT00110942.
Wavefront Parallel Processing for AV1 Encoder (2018)

The emerging AV1 coding standard brings even higher computational complexity than current coding standards, but does not support traditional Wavefront Parallel Processing (WPP) approach due to the lacking of syntax support. In this paper we introduced a novel framework to implement WPP for AV1 encoder that is compatible with current decoder without additional bitstream syntax support, where mode selection is processed in wavefront parallel before entropy encoding and entropy contexts for rate-distortion optimization are predicted. Based on this framework, context prediction algorithms that use same data dependency model as previous works in H.264 and HEVC are implemented. Furthermore, we proposed an optimal context prediction algorithm specifically for AV1. Experimental results showed that our framework with proposed optimal algorithm yields good parallelism and scalability (over 10x speed-up with 16 threads for 4k sequences) with little coding performance loss (less than 0.2% bitrate increasing).
Pressure-Induced Cooperative Bond Rearrangement in a Zinc Imidazolate Framework: A High-Pressure Single-Crystal X-Ray Diffraction Study (2009)

The pressure-dependent structural evolution of a neutral zinc-imidazolate framework [Zn(2)(C(3)H(3)N(2))(4)](n) (ZnIm) has been investigated. The as-synthesized three-dimensional ZnIm network (alpha-phase) crystallizes in the tetragonal space group I4(1)cd (a = 23.5028(4) A, c = 12.4607(3) A). The ZnIm crystal undergoes a phase transition to a previously unknown beta-phase within the 0.543(5)-0.847(5) GPa pressure range. The tetragonal crystal system is conserved during this transformation, and the beta-phase space group is I4(1) (a = 22.7482(3) A, c = 13.0168(3) A). The physical mechanism by which the transition occurs involves a complex cooperative bond rearrangement process. The room-temperature bulk modulus for ZnIm is estimated to be approximately 14 GPa. This study represents the first example of a high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of a metal-organic framework.
Analysis of dynamic impatt oscillations caused by radiation induced deep centers (2004)

The occurrence of high-frequency impatt oscillations is related to the presence of charged deep donor-states as generated by irradiation processes for carrier-lifetime control. This effect is well-known in electron-radiated devices. Device simulation predicts a similar effect in locally lifetime-controlled helium-radiated devices. The experiment gives an approval of the simulation results but shows some unexpected effects too.
Tracing B-genome chromatin in <i>Brassica napus</i> × <i>B. juncea</i> interspecific progeny (2006)

We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques to demonstrate the presence of Brassica B-genome chromosomes and putative B-genome introgressions in B. napus x B. juncea interspecific progeny. The B-genome--specific repeat sequence pBNBH35 was used to generate PCR products and FISH probes. The highest frequencies of viable progeny were obtained when B. napus was the maternal parent of the interspecific hybrid and the first backcross. B-genome--positive PCR assays were found in 34/51 fertile F2 progeny (67%), which was more than double the proportion found in fertile BC(1) progeny. Four B-genome--positive F(2)-derived families and 1 BC(1)-derived family were fixed or segregating for B. juncea morphology in the F(4) and BC(1)S(2), respectively, but in only 2 of these families did B. juncea-type plants exhibit B. juncea chromosome count (2n = 36) and typical B-genome FISH signals on 16 chromosomes. The remaining B. juncea-type plants had B. napus chromosome count (2n = 38) and no B-genome FISH signals, except for 1 exceptional F(4)-derived line that exhibited isolated and weak B-genome FISH signals on 11 chromosomes and typical A-genome FISH signals. B. juncea morphology was associated with B-genome--positive PCR signals but not necessarily with 16 intact B-genome chromosomes as detected by FISH. B-genome chromosomes tend to be eliminated during selfing or backcrossing after crossing B. juncea with B. napus, and selection of lines containing B-genome chromatin during early generations would be promoted by use of this B-genome repetitive marker.
Rosacea, migraine, Dixarit (1975)

Journal Article Rosacea, migraine, Dixarit Get access W. J. Cunliffe, W. J. Cunliffe The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. G. Tan, S. G. Tan The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Tebbs E. Tebbs The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue s11, 1 July 1975, Page 11, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06758.x Published: 01 July 1975
Modeling information agents: advertisements, organizational roles, and dynamic behavior (1996)

One of the most important uses of agent models is for problem-solving coordination. Coordination has been defined as managing the interdependencies between activities, or pragmatically as choosing, ordering, and locating actions in time in an attempt to maximize a possibly changing set of decision criteria. Coordination activities include not only localized agent interactions over specific problems, but also longerterm agent organizations that can support current and future problem-solving activity. Models that support coordination can be divided into three classes: models of other agents&apos; current intended actions, schedules, and/or plans; models of other agents&apos; objectives (desires, goals); and models of other agents&apos; capabilities. This paper will focus on the longer-term models of capabilities that agents need in order to organize effectively to solve problems. Such models deal with an agent&apos;s capabilities and long-term commitments to certain classes of actions. Besides discussing th...
An Open Clinical Trial of Carbamazepine in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar and Schizo-Affective Psychotics (1985)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Analysis of the Proliferative T Cell Response to Human Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate‐Early Protein (IEl): Phenotype, Frequeney and Variability* (1995)

Cellular immune responses are important in the recovery from human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. However, little is known about the CD4+ T cell response and the target antigens (Ag) recognized. In this paper, we have analysed the proliferative T cell response of healthy HCMV seropositive (HCMV+) blood donors to recombinant immediate-early proteins expressed in transfected astrocytoma cells and to total HCMV Ags expressed in infected astrocytoma cells. We found that CD4+ T cells were the major cell population that proliferated in the presence of IE or total HCMV Ags. Among healthy HCMV seropositive blood donors with anti-HCMV specific proliferative response, 33-44% also responded to IE Ags. Moreover, in high responders, the precursor frequencies of cells which proliferated in the presence of total HCMV, IE, or IE1 Ags were high (1/103 to 1/255, 1/2785 to 1/7744 and 1/5190 to 1/13531, respectively). In some donors, the anti-IE response was variable over time, whereas the anti-total HCMV Ags response remained constant, which suggests regulation of the anti-IE response in immunocompetent subjects. Our results suggest that the CD4+ anti-IE1 response represents a significant part of the anti-HCMV proliferative response, both at the population level, and within individual immune systems.
Effects of Nitride Deposition Conditions on Characteristics of an MNOS Nonvolatile Memory Transistor (1979)

An investigation was carried out of the memory characteristics of MNOS transistors with a nitride film deposited either by normal pressure CVD or low pressure CVD under a variety of conditions. As the SiH4/NH3 flow ratio increased in normal pressure CVD, writing and erasing could be executed by smaller voltages or shorter pulses, and the memory retention characteristic became worse. An MNOS transistor with a nitride film deposited by low pressure CVD showed somewhat different memory characteristics. The composition of the nitride/oxide double layers was analyzed by Auger depth profiling and by measurement of the electrical conductivities of the nitride films. The relations between these quantities and the transistor's memory characteristics are discussed.
RDMA Based Replication of Multiprocessor Virtual Machines over High-Performance Interconnects (2011)

With the growing prevalence of cloud computing and the increasing number of CPU cores in modern processors, symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) Virtual Machines (VM), i.e. virtual machines with multiple virtual CPUs, are gaining significance. However, accommodating SMP virtual machines with high availability at low overhead is still an open problem. Checkpoint-recovery based VM replication is an emerging approach, but it comes with the price of significant performance degradation of the application executed in the VM due to the large amount of state that needs to be synchronized between the primary and the backup machines. Advanced features of high performance interconnects, such as Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA), on the other hand, offer extreme network throughput. As such feature may provide an opportunity for acceptable performance degradation even for multi-core replicated virtual machines, the impact of such technologies in the domain of VM replication is important to assess. In this paper, we take a first look at the performance advantages of RDMA for SMP virtual machine replication. Moreover, in order to alleviate VM downtime during replication, we propose fine-grained copy-on-write (COW), which protects only memory pages that need to be transferred to the backup host allowing simultaneous execution of the VM with the replication. We find that the performance of replicated virtual machines over high performance interconnects scales well with the number of vCPUs in multiprocessor virtual machines, and that RDMA based replication in conjunction with fine-grained COW imposes acceptable overhead compared to the native VM execution when applied to virtual machines with up to 16 vCPUs.
Micellar solubilization of ibuprofen: influence of surfactant head groups on the extent of solubilization (2005)

An important property of micelles with particular significance in pharmacy is their ability to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs in water, thus increasing their bioavailability. In this work, the solubilization of ibuprofen (IBU) was studied in micellar solutions of three surfactants possessing the same hydrocarbon tail but different hydrophilic head groups, namely sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), and n-dodecyl octa(ethylene oxide) (C12EO8). The results showed that, irrespective of the surfactant type, the solubility of IBU increased linearly with increasing surfactant concentration, as a consequence of the association between the drug and the micelles. The 80 mM DTAB and the 80 mM C12EO8 micellar solutions resulted in a 16-fold increase in solubility of IBU when compared to the buffer solution, whereas the 80 mM SDS micellar solution resulted in a 5.5-fold increase in IBU solubility. The highest value of molar solubilization capacity (chi) was obtained with DTAB, chi = 0.97, followed by C12EO8 ,chi = 0.72, and finally SDS, chi = 0.23. However, due to the stronger tendency of the nonionic surfactant in forming micelles in solution, at the same surfactant concentration, we obtained the same solubility of IBU in both DTAB and C12EO8.