gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Highly Efficient Polyurethane‐Type Polymeric Photoinitiator Containing In‐chain Benzophenone and Coinitiator Amine for Photopolymerization of PU Prepolymers (2006)

Abstract Summary: A novel polyurethane‐type polymeric photoinitiator (PUIOA) was synthesized through polycondensation of a novel diamine AAPBP, TDI and MDEA. The BP and coinitiator amine structures were successfully introduced into the backbones of PUIOA. A polymeric photoinitiator without the coinitiator amine in the polymer chain (PUIO) was also synthesized for comparison. FT‐IR, 1 H NMR and GPC analyses confirmed the structures of polymeric photoinitiators. The UV‐vis spectra of PUIOA and PUIO are similar to the parent AAPBP, and both exhibit high red‐shifted maximal absorption as compared with BP. ESR spectra indicate that PUIOA can generate free radicals most efficiently. Photopolymerization of the Polyurethane prepolymer, initiated by PUIOA, PUIO/MDEA, AAPBP/MDEA and BP/MDEA, was studied by photo‐DSC. The results show that PUIOA is the most efficient photoinitiator for PU prepolymer. Synthesis routes for polymeric photoinitiators. magnified image Synthesis routes for polymeric photoinitiators.
The Relationship between Subjective and Objective Measurements of Strength (1980)

Manual muscle testing is utilized by physicians and physical therapists to aid in the diagnosis and evaluation of pathology.' The basis of a diagnosis or the modification of a treatment program is dependent upon the clinician's perception of a patient's strength. This inherent subjectivity of manual muscle testing often leads to questionable findings in a medical examination. Factors such as sex, age, height, and weight serve only to increase the subjectivity of this evaluation This study demonstrates the use of a new manual muscle testing unit (MMTU) to quantify muscle strength objectively. The results of the MMTU were compared to a clinician's subjective evaluation of the stronger limb. In addition, the data obtained with the MMTU were analyzed to investigate further what constitutes a significant strength deficit. The MMTU's ability to differentiate strength differences and deficits demonstrates how manual muscle testing can assume a refined role in the evaluation of muscle strength. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1980;2(1):15-19.
Side-chain liquid-crystal epoxy polymer binders for polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSide-chain liquid-crystal epoxy polymer binders for polymer-dispersed liquid crystalsLiang Chy Chien, C. Lin, David S. Fredley, and James W. McCargarCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 1, 133–137Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00027a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00027a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views571Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A survey of memory clinics in the british isles (1995)

Abstract This survey describes the characteristics and activities of 20 memory clinics currently operating in the United Kingdom and Eire. There was broad agreement with regard to aims, objectives and general operating characteristics, but the clinics varied considerably in the number of patients assessed over a given period and in the proportion of cases diagnosed with dementia (15–98%) and Alzheimer's disease (9–80%) in the year prior to the survey.
Phosphorylation activates the insulin receptor tyrosine protein kinase. (1983)

Preparations of insulin receptor from cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and human placenta previously was found to catalyze the phosphorylation of the 90,000-dalton component of the insulin receptor on tyrosine residues. This insulin-dependent phosphorylation has now been shown to coincide with the generation of an activated, insulin-independent, receptor protein kinase. Activation is dependent upon ATP, divalent cations (Mg2+ and Mn2+), and insulin (half-maximal activation occurs at 6-8 nM insulin). The time required for activation is consistent with that needed for insulin-dependent self-phosphorylation of the receptor present in eluates from wheat germ lectin-agarose columns and in preparations of affinity-purified placental receptor. Activation proceeds unabated in the presence of soybean trypsin inhibitor at 0.1 mg/ml and the activated, insulin-independent, protein kinase sediments in 5-20% sucrose gradients at the same position as the unmodified receptor. Under steady-state conditions, the phosphorylated receptor binds insulin in the same fashion as the unmodified receptor. It is proposed that the self-phosphorylated form of the receptor is the insulin-activated protein kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of exogenous protein and peptide substrates. A corollary of this hypothesis is that enzymatic dephosphorylation may be essential for reversibly terminating the activity of the insulin-receptor protein kinase.
Experimental Evaluation of Four Methods of Progressive Venous Attenuation in Dogs (1999)

Both ameroid constrictor implantation and cellophane banding show promise for progressive attenuation of single extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. Because rapid occlusion was seen with ameroid constrictors, however, cellophane banding maybe a safer technique in animals with increased hepatic vascular resistance. Further evaluation of both treatments in clinical cases is warranted.
The hemicelluloses (1935)

THE hemicelluloses of plant materials form a group of polysaccharides, the investigation of which presents many difficulties. Neither their role nor their genesis is at present understood, and yet, in mature materials, they may amount to as much as 30 % of the whole, and they rank next to cellulose in quantitative
High Constitutive Activity of the Human Formyl Peptide Receptor (1998)

The formyl peptide receptor (FPR) couples to pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive Gi-proteins to activate chemotaxis and exocytosis in neutrophils. PTX reduces not only formyl peptide-stimulated but also agonist-independent ("basal") Gi-protein activity, suggesting that the FPR is constitutively active. We aimed at identifying an inverse FPR agonist, i.e. a compound that suppresses constitutive FPR activity. In Sf9 insect cell membranes, the G-protein heterotrimer Gialpha2beta1gamma2 reconstituted N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPgammaS) binding and GTPgammaS-sensitive high affinity [3H]FMLP binding. The FPR "antagonist" cyclosporin H (CsH) potently and efficiently reduced basal GTPgammaS binding in Sf9 membranes. Another FPR antagonist, N-t-butoxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L- phenylalanine did not inhibit basal GTPgammaS binding but blocked the inhibitory effect of CsH on GTPgammaS binding. Na+ reduced basal GTPgammaS binding and eliminated the inhibitory effect of CsH. Similar effects of FMLP, CsH, and Na+ as in Sf9 membranes were observed with FPR expressed in the mammalian cell line HEK293. Our data show that the human FPR possesses high constitutive activity. CsH is an inverse FPR agonist and stabilizes the FPR in an inactive state. Na+ also stabilizes the FPR in an inactive state and, thereby, diminishes inverse agonist efficacy.
Modelling approach for separating blood time activity curves in positron emission tomographic studies (1991)

A modelling approach is developed to generate the full time course of an injected radiotracer and its labelled metabolites in plasma/blood, based on measurements of the total radioactivities in withdrawn plasma/blood samples. A compartmental model is used to describe the conversion of an injected tracer to its metabolites in the body. The model equation is formulated with the total radioactivity concentration curve as the input function. The utility and characteristics of the approach in quantitative positron emission tomographic (PET) studies are shown with two examples. In the first example, using the tracer 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa (FDOPA), the approach is shown to derive the full time course of plasma FDOPA and its metabolites. In the second example of dynamic 15O oxygen PET, the approach is used to solve a deconvolution problem to give separated time-activity curves of 15O oxygen and 15O water in blood. The modelling approach improves the separation of blood/plasma time-activity curves and leads to better quantitative interpretation of PET results.
Anti-TNF and Fistulising Perianal Crohns Disease: Use in Clinical Practice (2010)

Perianal fistulas are a major problem of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), and occur in up to 40 % of patients. The treatment of fistulizing perianal CD has recently largely evolved as a result of improvements of pharmacological and surgical approaches and the introduction of anti-TNF treatment. Especially the use of anti-TNF agents in complex or refractory perianal fistulas has been proven as the most effective medical treatment of this difficult to treat disease. Infliximab and adalimumab are the two currently available anti-TNF agents that both have shown significant efficacy in the treatment and sustained remission of perianal fistulizing CD with comparable fistula closure rates. However, despite this treatment a large number of patients have continuous disease activity and high relapsing rates whereas only a small percentage of them have a complete fistula healing. Therefore the optimal outcome is still dependent on a multidisciplinary approach with a close interaction between gastroenterologists and surgeons. The individualised treatment based on anti-TNF agents with the rational combination of antibiotic use, surgery and immunosuppressive therapy is, currently, the suggested treatment in order to achieve remission of a persistent perianal fistula. Large randomised studies are required for the long-term evaluation of the efficacy in modifying the disease course of this combined approach.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (2005)

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common cancers in the world. Surgical resection has been considered the optimal treatment approach,but only a small proportion of patients are suitable candidates for surgery,and the relapse rate is high.Approaches to prevent recurrence,including chemoemboliza-tion before and adjuvant therapy after surgery,have proven to have a limited benefit; liver transplantation is successful in treating limited-stage HCC because only a minority of patients qualify for transplantation.Therefore,new therapeutic strat- egies are urgently needed.Because in addition to the classical genetic mecha- nisms of deletion or inactivating point mutations,epigenetic alterations,such as hyperacetylation of the chromatin-associated histones(responsible for gene silencing),are believed to be involved in the development and progression of HCC,novel compounds endowed with a histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitory activity are an attractive therapeutic approach.In particular,pre-clinical results obtained using HA-But,an HDAC inhibitor in which butyric acid residues are esterified to a hyaluronic acid backbone and characterized by a high affinity for the membrane receptor CD44,indicated that this class of compounds may repre- sent a promising approach for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
Optimal temperature estimation for modeling the thermal elastic shock disturbance torque (1991)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Multiphonon Relaxation of Rare-Earth Ions in Yttrium Orthoaluminate (1973)

Nonradiative relaxation by multiple-phonon emission was investigated for excited electronic states of rare-earth ions in YAl${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. Ions studied included ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Ho}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$, and ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}$. Rates of multiphonon emission were determined from the difference of measured excited-state lifetimes and calculated radiative lifetimes. Electric dipole transition probabilities were computed using Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters for rare earths in YAl${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. Multiphonon decay rates, measured for seventeen different levels with energies to the next-lower level ranging from 1400 to 4700 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, exhibited an approximately exponential dependence on energy gap $\ensuremath{\Delta}E$ given by $W(0){e}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\Delta}E}$, where $W(0)=5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{9}$ ${\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and $\ensuremath{\alpha}=4.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ cm. Exceptions to the exponential law occur only when selection rules severely restrict the number of terms in the ion-lattice interaction active in inducing transitions. The phonon frequency distribution and ion-phonon coupling in YAl${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ were examined from infrared, Raman, and vibronic spectra. Although phonon energies range up to 750 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, measurements of the temperature dependence of multiphonon emission indicate that phonons of energies $\ensuremath{\sim}550\ensuremath{-}600$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ make the dominant contribution to the relaxation at temperatures 77-700 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K.
Guided Lamb Wave Propagation in Composite Plate/Concrete Component (2002)

This research examines the propagation of guided Lamb waves in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bonded components, establishing the effectiveness of combining laser ultrasonic techniques with a time frequency representation (TFR) to experimentally measure the dispersion curves of a concrete component repaired with a FRP plate. A TFR is used to operate on experimentally measured, guided Lamb waves to resolve a FRP bonded component's individual modes and generate its dispersion curves. The objective of this research is to demonstrate that it is possible to develop the dispersion curves of FRP bonded components from a single, experimentally measured guided Lamb wave. The experimental results show that the stiffer the bond, the more deviation from the behavior of a free plate specimen, and the less modes that are present.
Performance modelling and evaluation for the XMP shared-bus multiprocessor architecture (2002)

This paper presents the performance modelling and evaluation of a shared bus multiprocessor, XMP. A key characteristic of XMP is that it employs a special shared bus scheme featuring separate address bus and data bus with split transaction, pipelined cycle (called SSTP scheme). To assist evaluating the architectural alternatives of XMP, the features of the SSTP bus scheme as well as two important performance impacting factors: (1) cache, bus, and memory interferences and (2) DMA transfer, are modelled. We employ a Subsystem Access Time (SAT) modelling methodology. It is based on a Subsystem Access Time Per Instruction (SATPI) concept, in which we treat major components other than processors (e.g. off-chip cache, bus, memory, I/O) as subsystems and model for each of them the mean access time per instruction from each processor. Validated by statistical simulations, the performance model is fed with a given set of representative workload parameters, and then used to conduct performance evaluation for some initial system design issues. Furthermore, the SATPIs of the subsystems are directly utilized to identify the bottleneck subsystems and to help analyze the cause of the bottleneck.
First report of OPA1 screening in Greek patients with autosomal dominant optic atrophy and identification of a previously undescribed OPA1 mutation. (2014)

This is the first report of molecular characterization of Greek patients with ADOA. Our findings provide additional information regarding the genotype-phenotype correlation and establish the role of the OPA1 gene in Greek patients with ADOA.
The Mössbauer effect in tin(<scp>II</scp>) compounds. Part XIII. Data for the products from molten caesium–tin(<scp>II</scp>)–halide systems (1973)

The 119Sn Mössbauer parameters and the X-ray diffraction powder data for the products obtained from the molten mixed halide systems CsSnX3–CsSnX′3(X and X′= F–, Cl–, Br–, and I–) are reported. The nature of the solidus–liquidus curves for these systems and the colours of the mixtures at the melting points, suggest that every phase has a cubic high-temperature modification. Two types of product are obtained from the cooled melts (i) complexes containing tris(ligand)stannate(II) species and (ii) compositions which have cubic or near cubic unit cells based on the perovskite lattice. The Mössbauer data for the latter materials are characterised by relatively high chemical shifts and narrow line widths which suggest that the tin (II) is in a regular octahedral environment. Even the presence of F– in the CsSnBr3 and CsSnl3 lattices does not lead to the disruption of the tin(II) bonding electrons normally associated with the presence of Sn–F bonds.
La responsabilité devant les électeurs et devant le marché : les choix offerts aux organisations publiques (1985)

Comment les organisations publiques peuvent-elles doser de façon convenable leur responsabilité devant les électeurs et leur responsabilité devant le marché ? La première partie examine les différences dans la responsabilité à l'égard du marché et à l'égard des électeurs que présentent, au sein du secteur public, des organisations gérant divers types de programme. En second lieu, on étudie les implications politiques d'une responsabilité imparfaite dans les deux sphères. Si on teste les effets des différences dans la responsabilité des organisations sur la croissance des programmes publics, on découvre que les organisations responsables devant le marché et devant les électeurs se développent beaucoup moins vite que les organisations qui ne subissent que les pressions des producteurs et des spécialistes. La dernière partie expose les principes d'une affectation marginale des ressources entre des organisations ayant des responsabilités de type différent, dans le cadre des contraintes budgétaires très strictes qui caractérisent les années quatre-vingts. La combinaison des démarches fondées sur les électeurs et sur le marché peut améliorer la répartition budgétaire et la justice sociale.
Detection of HCV RNA in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Liver Tissue by RT-PCR (2003)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA has been detected in the sera and liver sections of patients with chronic HCV infection using RT-PCR and other sensitive molecular techniques. Since archived formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues from these patients are readily available for retrospective studies, development of an assay for the detection of HCV RNA in these fixed tissues will be useful for studying HCV pathogenesis and the effect of interferon-α therapy.
Noise analysis and improvement of displacement vector estimation from angular displacements (2008)

Elastography or elasticity imaging techniques typically image local strains or Young's modulus variations along the insonification direction. Recently, techniques that utilize angular displacement estimates obtained from multiple angular insonification of tissue have been reported. Angular displacement estimates obtained along different angular insonification directions have been utilized for spatial-angular compounding to reduce noise artifacts in axial-strain elastograms, and for estimating the axial and lateral components of the displacement vector and the corresponding strain tensors. However, these angular strain estimation techniques were based on the assumption that noise artifacts in the displacement estimates were independent and identically distributed and that the displacement estimates could be modeled using a zero-mean normal probability density function. Independent and identically distributed random variables refer to a collection of variables that have the same probability distribution and are mutually independent. In this article, a modified least-squares approach is presented that does not make any assumption regarding the noise in the angular displacement estimates and incorporates displacement noise artifacts into the strain estimation process using a cross-correlation matrix of the displacement noise artifacts. Two methods for estimating noise artifacts from the displacement images are described. Improvements in the strain tensor (axial and lateral) estimation performance are illustrated utilizing both simulation data obtained using finite-element analysis and experimental data obtained from a tissue-mimicking phantom. Improvements in the strain estimation performance are quantified in terms of the elastographic signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios obtained with and without the incorporation of the displacement noise artifacts into the least-squares strain estimator.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and acupuncture for acute pain (2008)

Transcutaneous electrical nerve simulation (TENS) has a role in the management of acute pain in selected patients and physiological studies provide a rationale for its use. During TENS, a portable pulse generator delivers electrical currents across the intact surface of the skin via conducting pads called electrodes. Animal studies show that TENS segmentally inhibits central transmission of nociceptive information in the dorsal horn. TENS has been used for many acute pains including postoperative pain, labor pain, dysmenorrhea, angina, and procedural pain. Patients should administer TENS for themselves, following appropriate instruction by a healthcare professional. If allodynia and/or hyperalgesia exist, electrodes should be positioned along the main nerves well proximal to the site of pain in the first instance, because TENS may aggravate the pain. TENS on acupuncture points and over the thoracic spine has been reported to relieve symptoms in primary dysmenorrhea.