gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Harnessing the Versatility of Optical Biosensors for Target-Based Small-Molecule Drug Discovery (2016)

Optical biosensors entered target-based small-molecule drug discovery more than two decades ago and have since transformed into a value-adding component in the decision-making process. Here, we briefly highlight the major application areas of optical biosensors and focus on desirable profiles of such platforms in order to ensure their effective use in small molecule drug discovery. Furthermore, we will emphasize current technology-based constraints and discuss experimental strategies to address these limitations as well as provide a view of necessary technology improvements for next generation platforms.
Development of a modular test system for the silicon sensor R&D of the ATLAS Upgrade (2017)

High Voltage CMOS sensors are a promising technology for tracking detectors in collider experiments. Extensive R&D studies are being carried out by the ATLAS Collaboration for a possible use of HV-CMOS in the High Luminosity LHC upgrade of the Inner Tracker detector. CaRIBOu (Control and Readout Itk BOard) is a modular test system developed to test Silicon based detectors. It currently includes five custom designed boards, a Xilinx ZC706 development board, FELIX (Front-End LInk eXchange) PCIe card and a host computer. A software program has been developed in Python to control the CaRIBOu hardware. CaRIBOu has been used in the testbeam of the HV-CMOS sensor AMS180v4 at CERN. Preliminary results have shown that the test system is very versatile. Further development is ongoing to adapt to different sensors, and to make it available to various lab test stands.
Analytical approximation of the percolation threshold for overlapping ellipsoids of revolution (2004)

Analytic approximations for percolation points in two–dimensional and three–dimensional particulate arrays have been reported for only a very few, simple particle geometries. Here, an analytical approach is presented to determine the percolative properties (i.e. statistical cluster properties) of permeable ellipsoids of revolution. We generalize a series expansion technique, previously used by other authors to study arrays of spheres and cubes. Our analytic solutions are compared with Monte Carlo simulation results, and show good agreement at low particle aspect ratio. At higher aspect ratios, the analytic approximation becomes even more computationally intensive than direct simulation of a number of realizations. Additional simulation results, and simplified, closed–form bounding expressions for percolation thresholds are also presented. Limitations and applications of the asymptotic expressions are discussed in the context of materials design and design of sensor arrays.
Measuring the Magnetism of Light (2010)

Two research teams used a ring-like probe to directly characterize the magnetic field of infrared light in a small cavity.
Visualizing and assessing navigation in hypertext (1999)

Article Visualizing and assessing navigation in hypertext Share on Author: John E. McEneaney Division of Education, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, IN Division of Education, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, INView Profile Authors Info & Claims HYPERTEXT '99: Proceedings of the tenth ACM Conference on Hypertext and hypermedia : returning to our diverse roots: returning to our diverse rootsFebruary 1999 Pages 61–70https://doi.org/10.1145/294469.294487Online:01 February 1999Publication History 16citation918DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations16Total Downloads918Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Arithmetic Operations in a Binary Computer (1950)

The application of binary arithmetic in the computing circuits of a high speed digital computer is discussed in detail. The discussion covers, with numerous examples, the use of complements to represent negative numbers, the corrections necessary in the multiplication process as a result of the use of complements, and additional modifications of the process to simplify mechanization. A special division method well-adapted to automatic computer use is described, and round-off procedures are noted briefly. The article is concluded with a discussion of the storage of negative numbers as absolute values with a sign rather than in complement form.
Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 indicates SLE disease activity and specific organ involvement. (2008)

The data presented suggest that clinical forms of SLE differ form each other in respect to concentration of sVCAM-1 specially in patients with active renal, hematological and vascular involvement , whereas dsDNA antibodies levels were only in active renal group. sVCAM-1 levels may be useful to monitor both systemic and organ specific activity in LES.
Mechanical properties of polycrystalline diamonds (1988)

AbstractAbstractThe room temperature mechanical properties of polycrystalline diamonds, i.e. tensile strength, transverse rupture strength, compressive strength, impact strength, fracture toughness, and elastic constants, have been determined. The applied test techniques are described and the results compared with those obtained by other authors. The fracture mode under the present experimental conditions was primarily transgranular. A grain size dependence, where strength increases with decreasing grain size, has been found. Fracture toughness was found to go through a maximum for grain sizes between 10 to 30 μm. The modulus of elasticity increases with increasing grain size. An influence of cobalt content on strength and modulus of elasticity has been found, while no significant influence on toughness could be determined. Increasing the cobalt content increases strength, but has the inverse effect on the modulus of elasticity. The results of strength, toughness, and elastic constants measurements are discussed in terms of available models and theories of polycrystalline ceramic materials. It can be seen from the results that polycrystalline diamonds behave in a manner similar to that of most engineering ceramics, but have the distinct advantage of a higher fracture toughness.MST/596
Proposal concerning high-density digital recording (1989)

The sign of the nonlinear intersymbol interference or peak shift is opposite for the longitudinal and perpendicular modes of recording. It is proposed, therefore, that more attention be paid to the potential of high-density recording on media in which the anisotropy axis is neither longitudinal nor perpendicular but rather oblique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A novel technique for the preparation of secondary fatty amides (1992)

A technique for the synthesis of monosubstituted fatty amides at low temperature and ambient pressure was developed. This method involved the condensation of an amine with a triacylglycerol. The primary amine (ethyl, n ‐butyl, n ‐hexyl and n ‐octyl were tested) acted as reagent and solvent for the fatty substrates. No additional organic solvent or catalyst was added. Tallow, vegetable oils and fish oil all served well as substrates, as did pure tripalmitin. The rate of amidation was dependent upon temperature and the ratio of fat to amine. In a series of experiments conducted with tallow and n ‐butylamine at a fat:amine molar ratio of 1:16, amidation could be carried out at 20°C, producing n ‐butyltallowamide in 83% yield in 24 hr. When the fat:amine molar ratio was reduced to 1:8, and the temperature raised to 45°C, the amide yield was 87.6% in 24 hr. When the reaction was carried out at the boiling point of n ‐butylamine (78°C) and at a fat:amine ratio of 1:8, the amide yield was 93.2% in 4 hr. The reaction progressed more rapidly with higher molecular weight amines. The identity and purity of the amides was assessed by thin‐layer chromatography and confirmed by elemental analyses and infrared and C 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Low thermal inertia injection molding (1983)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1983.
Site-specific clutter modeling using DMA digital terrain elevation data (DTED), digital feature analysis data (DFAD), and Lincoln Laboratory five frequency clutter amplitude data (2002)

Ground clutter masking can significantly enhance route survivability of low altitude aircraft missions. To maximize the benefits of ground clutter in foiling detection by enemy ground-based air defense radars, one requires an accurate characterization of the site-specific ground clutter environment. This paper reports on a methodology that combines Defense Mapping Agency (DMA), DTED and DFAD data, and MTT Lincoln Laboratory empirical terrain clutter amplitude models to generate an accurate site-specific ground clutter reflectivity map suitable for mission planning route radar detectability and clutter masking analysis. Initial application of this methodology to two sites in the Iraq/Iran region shows that inclusion of DFAD significantly expands the expected region of clutter returns from that predicted by use of terrain data only.
La motivación en la psicología analítica (1964)

Postulacion fundamental de la psicologia analitica es la de la eficacidad de la psique, cuyo tema dio lugar a una obra de gran aliento, publicada bajo el titulo de Wirklichkeit der Seele. Afirma Jung en tal obra que se podria calificar la idea de la realidad psiquica como la conquista esencial de la psicologia moderna si fuese reconocida como tal.
Recording and Analysis of AC Impedance Data for Corrosion Studies II. Experimental Approach and Results (1982)

Experimental approaches for recording ac impedance data are discussed in this paper. Considerations of the high frequency performance of potentiostats and reference electrodes are given and experimental results are presented. Additional methods for analysis of experimental impedance data are discussed, with emphasis on the CIRFIT computer program in which a semicircle is fitted to the experimental data in the complex plane. The systems Cu/3.5% NaCl + BTA and Al 2024/3.5% NaCl are discussed in more detail. Pitting of the Al alloy in neutral NaCl leads to a second time constant at low frequencies. Results for iron and Al 2024 in tapwater show that the low conductivity of this test medium does not present particular problems with the recording of ac impedance data.
Melatonin but not vitamins C and E maintains glutathione homeostasis in t‐butyl hydroperoxide‐induced mitochondrial oxidative stress (2000)

Mitochondria do not contain catalase and are therefore largely dependent on reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidases for its antioxidant protection. When GSH levels are greatly decreased, hydrogen peroxide accumulates leading to extensive mitochondrial damage. Melatonin has antioxidant properties and prevents toxic effects of reactive oxygen species by maintaining cellular GSH homeostasis. Thus, we examined the influence of melatonin and other classical antioxidants such as vitamins C and E on GSH content and the activity of the GSH‐related enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and reductase) in isolated rat liver and brain mitochondria treated with t‐butyl hydroperoxide (i‐BHP). In control mitochondria melatonin (100 nM) significantly increases GSH content and glutathione peroxidase and reductase activities. After incubation with 100 μM i‐BHP, the mitochondrial hydroperoxides level increased, 90% of mitochondrial GSH was oxidized to GSSH, and the activities of GSH‐related enzymes were almost totally inhibited. Melatonin (100 nM) counteracted the changes in GSH, GSH‐related enzymes and hydroperoxides induced by i‐BHP in cultured mitochondria. In the presence of 100 nM melatonin, the activity of the respiratory chain complexes I and IV, measured in submitochondrial particles prepared from rat liver and brain mitochondria, increased significantly. Vitamin C was virtually without effect, and only 1 mM vitamin E increased GSH and reduced hydroperoxide mitochondrial contents. Our results suggest that melatonin, but not vitamins C and E, prevents the toxic effects of hydroperoxides on mitochondria by regenerating their GSH content.
Metode Analisa Data Variabel Sosial Bidang Permukiman (2009)

Pembangunan perumahan dan permukiman yang berkelanjutan adalah suatu konsep pembangunan dengan mempertimbangkan tiga pilar yaitu: ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Analisa sosial merupakan hal yang penting dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pembangunan perumahan dan permukiman yang berkelanjutan. Terdapat dua metode analisa data secara statistik yaitu deskriptif dan induktif. Metode analisa deskriptif merupakan tahap awal untuk melakukan analisa induktif. Hasil analisa deskriptif memberikan gambaran untuk sejumlah objek yang diteliti, tidak dapat digeneralisasi untuk kelompok yang lebih besar. Data variabel sosial bidang permukiman merupakan data kualitatif. Untuk data variabel sosial bidang permukiman yang diukur melalui kuesioner tertutup terstruktur, analisa deskriptif dilakukan dengan terlebih dahulu membuat distribusi frekwensi. Beberapa metode yang biasa digunakan dalam pembuatan distribusi frekwensi variabel sosial, diantaranya adalah dengan menggunakan nilai skor kumulatif dari seluruh item yang digunakan untuk mengukur variabel tersebut, dan metode strugle’s. Ukuran letak dan ukuran penyebaran yang digunakan dalam analisa deskriptif data kualitatif variabel sosial bidang permukiman adalah rata-rata, modus, persentase, proporsi sebagai ukuran letak, sedangkan ukuran penyebaran diukur melalui nilai range (selisih nilai terbesar dan terkecil). Ukuran rata-rata dalam analisa data kualitatif variabel sosial bidang permukiman diwakili melalui ukuran modus. Metode analisa deskriptif yang digunakan dalam pembahasan ini adalah melalui pembuatan distribusi frekwensi dengan menggunakan nilai skor kumulatif seluruh item yang digunakan untuk mengukur variabel tersebut.
Traveling wave method for measurement of thermal conductivity of thin films (1997)

We present here the design of a novel and simple setup for measuring the thermal conductivity of thin films. This method is based on the well known principle of phase lag of a traveling thermal wave. In the present setup, the traveling thermal wave is generated in the thin film by irradiating its one edge by an infrared laser. The phase lag (Δθ) between the excitation wave and the resulting thermal wave, at a variable distance d from the edge of the sample, is determined by measuring the deflection of another “probe-laser.” The thermal diffusivity is then directly calculated from the slope of the plot between Δθ and d. This method offers an accuracy of better than ±5%.
Impedance of Skeletal Muscle from 1 Hz to 1 MHz (1984)

We have measured the transverse and longitudinal impedance of skeletal muscle from 1 Hz to 1 MHz. An Ag-AgCl four-electrode test cell minimizes polarization error. We measured more than 100 samples from five mammals and chickens. Our tests showed that the transverse impedance changes with time at rates dependent on temperature due to muscle degradation. Thus, we performed tests within 20-30 min after sacrifice. The highest ratio of transverse to longitudinal impedance was 23. We fit our data to the usual three-element RC model.
Daniel S. P. Yang (2013)

Daniel S. P. Yang trained in amateur jingju (Beijing opera) in Taiwan in the 1950s and studied in the Asian theatre graduate programs at the University of Hawai’i and the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the 1960s. His early career was marked by jingju productions and scholarly insight on post-1949 Chinese theatre, particularly revolutionary model plays. During his tenure at the University of Colorado–Boulder and as producing artistic director of the Colorado Shakespeare Festival, he thrived as a successful director and producer of Shakespeare and modern Western classics. Since the early 1980s, he has successfully brought Western classics and contemporary hits to the thriving urban theatre scene in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. As such, his long career represents the contribution of U.S.-educated artist-scholars from Asia to both Asian theatre studies in the West and the theatrical development of their native land.
Inhibition of Spermatogenesis with Monthly Injections of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Low Dose Testosterone Enanthate (1979)

The use of the combination of a gestagen, medroxy‐progesterone acetate, and an androgen, testosterone enantate as a method for male contraception has been tried. The treatment was given at monthly injections, the gestagen at two dose levels. 150 and 300 mg/month and the androgen at 250 mg month. No substantial difference was observed between the two treatment schedules. Azoospermia was achieved in a majority of the patients within 4 months of treatment, but was never observed in all patients. After discontinuation the sperm count increased gradually after 2–3 months. This treatment schedule is not adequate for contraceptive purposes. Sexual impotency was not a problem for any of the subjects although testosterone in serum was reduced to 20–25% of the pretreatment level.
EPI Imaging of Global Increase of Brain MR Signal with Breath‐hold Preceded by Breathing O<sub>2</sub> (1995)

Brain MR signal has been observed to decrease during cessation of breathing due to the increase of deoxyhemoglobin in the blood. However, for both animal and human studies, we have demonstrated that if the subjects breathed 100% oxygen in advance of apnea for a short time, T2*-weighted MR brain signal increased when breathing was stopped for a period of 30-60 s. This demonstrates the possibility of measuring responses to hemodynamic change throughout the entire brain with a single respiratory perturbation in a rapid, reliable, and robust manner.
Interocular suppression (2017)

The objective of this work is to quantify the suppressive imbalance, based on the manipulation of ocular luminance, between a group of subjects with normal binocular vision and a group of subjects with amblyopia. The result reveals that there are statistically significant differences in interocular dominance between two groups, evidencing a greater suppressive imbalance in amblyopic subjects. The technique used, proved to be a simple, easy to apply and economic method, for quantified ocular dominance. It is presented as a technique with the potential to accompany subjects with a marked dominance in one of the eyes that makes fusion difficult.
Effect of Insulin in Vitro on 14C-Acetate and 35S-Sulfate Uptake into Aortic Mucopolysaccharides in Normal and Diabetic Rats (1970)

Insulin in vitro failed to stimulate the uptake of 14C-acetate or 35S-sulfate into aortic mucopolysaccharides of normal animals. Aortas from diabetic animals showed normal 14C-acetate uptake which was decreased by the addition of insulin, and a normal 35S-sulfate uptake, which was significantly increased by insulin added in vitro.
Two different genes encoding acetylcholinesterase existing in cotton aphid (<i>Aphis gossypii</i>) (2002)

Two acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes, Ace1 and Ace2, have been cloned from cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. To the best of our knowledge, this should be the first direct molecular evidence that multiple AChE genes exist in insects. The Ace1 gene was successfully amplified along its full length of 2371 bp. The open reading frame is 2031 bp long and encodes 676 amino acids (GenBank accession No. AF502082). The Ace2 gene was amplified as a mega-fragment of 2130 bp lacking part of 5'-end untranslated region (UTR). The open reading frame is 1992 bp long and ecodes a protein of 664 amino acids (GenBank accession No. AF502081). Both genes have the conserved amino acids and features shared by the AChE family, but share only 35% identity in amino acid sequence. The Ace1 gene is highly homologous to the AChE gene of Schizaphis graminum (AF321574) with 95% identity, and Ace2 to that of Myzus persicae (AF287291) with 92% identity. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two cloned AChEs of A. gossypii are different in evolution. The phylogenetic tree generated by the PHYLIP program package inferred that AChE2 of A. gossypii is a more ancestral form of AChE. Homology modeling of structures using Torpedo californica (2ACE_) and Drosophila melanogaster (1Q09:A) native acetylcholinesterase structure as main template indicated that the two AChEs of Aphis gossypii might have different three-dimensional structures. Alternative splicing of Ace1 near the 5'-end resulting in two proteins differing by the presence or absence of a fragment of four amino acids is also reported.
A convenient, one-pot synthesis of 1,9-dicyano-dipyrromethanes and a difurylmethane (1994)

A range of 1,9-dicyano-dipyrromethanes were prepared from 1,9-dicarboxy- or 1,9-diunsubstituted-dipyrromethanes by decarboxylation (of the acids) and treatment with chlorosulfurylisocyanate in DMF; a dicyanodifurylmethane was prepared similarly. These 1,9-dicyano derivatives are important as precursors to "expanded" porphyrin-like macrocycles.
B Cells as a Therapeutic Target for IFN-β in Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (2011)

IFN-β-1b is a first-line immunomodulatory therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR MS). However, its effects on B cells have not been characterized. In vitro studies of B cells derived from RR MS patients revealed that IFN-β-1b decreases B cells' stimulatory capacity, as detected by inhibition of the Ag-specific T cell proliferative response upon Ag presentation by IFN-β-1b-treated B cells. Our study has identified that IFN-β-1b inhibited B cells' stimulatory capacity in RR MS patients and healthy controls through the suppression of CD40 and CD80 expression, whereas the MHC class I and II expression was not changed. IFN-β-1b in vitro treatment inhibited B cell secretion of IL-1β and IL-23 and induced IL-12 and IL-27. Supernatants transferred from IFN-β-1b-treated B cells inhibited Th17 cell differentiation, as they suppressed gene expression of the retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear hormone receptor C and IL-17A and secretion of IL-17A. In addition, IFN-β-1b induced B cells' IL-10 secretion, which may mediate their regulatory effect. Studies of B cells derived from RR MS patients treated with recombinant s.c. injected IFN-β-1b revealed that they induced a significantly lower proliferative response in allogenic MLR than the B cells from untreated patients. Further confirming the IFN-β-1b in vitro-induced changes in B cell cytokine secretion, B cells derived from the IFN-β-1b-treated patients secreted significantly lower levels of IL-1β and IL-23 and higher levels of IL-12 and IL-27 in comparison with the B cells derived from untreated patients. We conclude that IFN-β-1b exerts its therapeutic effects in part by targeting B cells' functions that contribute to the autoimmune pathogenesis of RR MS.