gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statistical grid-based facies reconstruction and modelling for sedimentary bodies. Alluvial-palustrine and turbiditic examples (2007)

The geological community is increasingly aware of the importance of geological heterogeneity for managing subsurface activities. In sedimentary bodies, facies distribution is an important factor constraining geological heterogeneity. Statistical grid-based sedimentary facies reconstruction and modelling methods (FRM methods) can be used to provide accurate representations (reconstructions or models) of facies distribution at a variety of scales, which can be conditioned to hard and soft data. These representations enable geological heterogeneity to be quantified; and therefore, serve as important inputs to manage projects involving subsurface activities. FRM methods are part of a general workflow comprising the construction of a surface-based framework, which is used to build the modelling grid in which these methods operate. This paper describes this workflow and provides an overview, classification, description and illustration of the most widely used FRM methods (deterministic and stochastic). Among others, two selected datasets comprising alluvial-palustrine and turbiditic deposits are used for illustration purposes. This exercise enables critical issues when using FRM methods to be highlighted and also provides some recommendations on their capabilities. For deterministic facies reconstruction, the main choice of the method to be used is between that employing a continuous or a categorical method. For stochastic facies modelling, choosing between the different techniques must be based on the scale of the problem, the type and density of available data, the objective of the model, and the conceptual depositional model to be reproduced. Realistic representations of facies distribution can be obtained if the available methods are applied appropriately.
Traffic Abnormality Detection through Directional Motion Behavior Map (2010)

Automatic traffic abnormality detection through visual surveillance is one of the critical requirements for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In this paper, we present a novel algorithm to detect abnormal traffic events in crowded scenes. Our algorithm can be deployed with few setup steps to automatically monitor traffic status. Different from other approaches, we don't need to define region of interests (ROI) or tripwires nor to configure object detection and tracking parameters. A novel object behavior descriptor directional motion behavior descriptors are proposed. The directional motion behavior descriptors collect foreground objects' direction and speed information from a video sequence with normal traffic events, and then these descriptors are accumulated to generate a directional motion behavior map which models the normal traffic status. During detection steps, we first extract the directional motion behavior map from the newly observed video and then measure the differences between the normal behavior map and the new map. If new direction motion behaviors are very different from the descriptors in the normal behavior map, then the corresponding regions in the observed video contain traffic abnormalities. Our proposed algorithm has been tested using both synthesized and real surveillance videos. Experimental results demonstrated that our algorithm is effective and efficient for practical real-time traffic surveillance applications.
A video image processor for real-time centroid calculation (2003)

A structured cell-based custom video image processor, capable of grouping contiguous pixels from a raster scan image and then calculating centroid information for each group, is described. The 15-MHz processor, fabricated in 1.6- mu m CMOS, contains 210000 transistors, is 8650 mu m by 7290 mu m, and is fully operational in a wide field of view target tracking system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Histones, nucleosomes and the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control (1997)

Conference Article| May 01 1997 Histones, nucleosomes and the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control A. P. Wolffe A. P. Wolffe 1Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-543 I, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (2): 354–358. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250354 Article history Received: October 24 1996 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A. P. Wolffe; Histones, nucleosomes and the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1997; 25 (2): 354–358. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250354 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Direct recognition of the mycobacterial glycolipid, trehalose dimycolate, by C-type lectin Mincle (2009)

Tuberculosis remains a fatal disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which contains various unique components that affect the host immune system. Trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (TDM; also called cord factor) is a mycobacterial cell wall glycolipid that is the most studied immunostimulatory component of M. tuberculosis. Despite five decades of research on TDM, its host receptor has not been clearly identified. Here, we demonstrate that macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) is an essential receptor for TDM. Heat-killed mycobacteria activated Mincle-expressing cells, but the activity was lost upon delipidation of the bacteria; analysis of the lipid extracts identified TDM as a Mincle ligand. TDM activated macrophages to produce inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide, which are completely suppressed in Mincle-deficient macrophages. In vivo TDM administration induced a robust elevation of inflammatory cytokines in sera and characteristic lung inflammation, such as granuloma formation. However, no TDM-induced lung granuloma was formed in Mincle-deficient mice. Whole mycobacteria were able to activate macrophages even in MyD88-deficient background, but the activation was significantly diminished in Mincle/MyD88 double-deficient macrophages. These results demonstrate that Mincle is an essential receptor for the mycobacterial glycolipid, TDM.
<i>Quisqualis indica</i> Improves Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating Prostate Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis (2017)

Quisqualis indica (QI) has been used for treating disorders such as stomach pain, constipation, and digestion problem. This study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of QI extract on treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line and a testosterone-induced BPH rat model. LNCaP cells were treated with QI plus testosterone propionate (TP), and androgen receptor (AR) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) expression levels were assessed by Western blotting. To induce BPH, the rats were subjected to a daily subcutaneous injection of TP (3 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. The rats in treatment group were orally gavaged with QI (150 mg/kg) together with the TP injection. In-vitro studies showed that TP-induced increases in AR and PSA expression in LNCaP cells were reduced by QI treatment. In BPH-model rats, the prostate weight, testosterone in serum, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentration and 5α-reductase type 2 mRNA expression in prostate tissue were significantly reduced following the treatment with QI. TP-induced prostatic hyperplasia and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 were significantly attenuated in QI-treated rats. In addition, QI induced apoptosis by up-regulating caspase-3 and -9 activity and decreasing the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) ratio in prostate tissues of BPH rats. Further investigation showed that TP-induced activation of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) was reduced by QI administration. Therefore, our findings suggest that QI attenuates the BPH state in rats through anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities and might be useful in the clinical treatment of BPH.
Intelligent HTMLtoVXML Conversion using Automatic Object Extraction and Prior Structural Knowledge (2006)

This paper is a presentation a new intelligent agent which converts HTML contents to VXML contents for voice services via Web. In this paper, I propose an interactive hybrid sequential contents selection method to select desired contents fast and robustly from known Web pages. It uses real time structural features as well as included text and/or prior structural knowledge such as link symbol position. To verify its effectiveness, a full agent system is implemented and tested for Korean Web sites. The method reflects user intention more accurately than conventional selections using structural features and is more robust to variations of HTML programming techniques. The agent is fast and has less of computational burden than methods using conventional XML or XHTML conversion as intermediate stage
Progesterone binding components of chick oviduct. X. Purification by affinity chromatography (1975)

Cytoplasmic progesterone receptors of chick oviduct have been purified in 8% yield by steroid affinity and ion exchange chromatography. The affinity resin, deoxycorticosterone-bovine serum albumin-Sepharose, binds progesterone receptors with high affinity (KD equals 8 times 10-minus 10 M) and its use resulted in a greater than 2000-fold purification over the starting material in a single step. DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography was then used to achieve final purification. NA dodecyl-SO4 gel electrophoresis and DEAE-cellulose chromatography showed that the purified receptors contained both of the previously described 4 S progesterone binding components in near equal amounts. Na dodocyl-SO4 gel electrophoresis also showed that these components consisted of single polypeptide chains with molecular weights of 110, 000 (A component) and 117, 000 (B component). There was no evidence for subunits of lower molecular weight. The purified materials have identical hormone-binding kinetics and steroid specificity to crude cytosol receptors. The isolated receptors retain the three biologically important properties exhibited by progesterone binding components present in cruder preparations: they bind specifically to (a) nuclei (KD equals 1.1 times 10-minus 9 M, 10, 000 sites per nucleus); (b) chromatin (KD equals 3 times 10-minus 9 M, 2000 sites per pg of DNA-);and (C) DNA.
Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Drugs (2020)

This cross-sectional study estimates the percentage of US patients with cancer who are eligible for immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs.
The Akt Inhibitor MK2206 Synergizes, but Perifosine Antagonizes, the BRAF <sup>V600E</sup> Inhibitor PLX4032 and the MEK1/2 Inhibitor AZD6244 in the Inhibition of Thyroid Cancer Cells (2011)

We demonstrated, unexpectedly, opposite outcomes of MK2206 and perifosine in their combinational treatments with BRAF(V600E)/MEK inhibitors in thyroid cancer cells. The data may help appropriate selection of these prominent drugs for clinical trials of combination therapies for thyroid cancer.
Caregiving (2017)

“Caregiving” is a complex and enduring term that denotes the physical, emotional, and psychological assistance that individuals, including family members, actors of the state, and the voluntary sector, provide to people in need of support. Given the varied relationships involved across the spectrum of care, it has become an increasingly contested term, depending on the ideologies behind it, the manner in which it is given, and who receives it. Geographers have engaged in a number of key debates and issues associated with the term, as they have tackled and contributed to our understanding of caregiving.
Silver‐ion high‐performance liquid chromatographic separation and identification of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (1998)

This is the first report of the application of silver-ion impregnated high-performance liquid chromatography (Ag(+)-HPLC) to the separation of complex mixtures of conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) isomers present in commercial CLA sources and foods and in biological specimens. This method showed a clear separation of CLA isomers into three groups related to their trans,trans, cis,trans or trans,cis, and cic,cis configuration of the conjugated double-bond system. In addition, this method separated individual positional isomers of the conjugated diene system within each geometrical isomeric group. Following Ag(+)-HPLC isolation, gas chromatography (GC)-electron impact mass spectrometry, and GC-direct deposition-Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy were used to confirm the identity of two major positional isomers in the cis/trans region, i.e., delta 8,10- and delta 11,13-octadecadienoic acids, which had not been chromatographically resolved previously. Furthermore, the potential of this method was demonstrated by showing different Ag(+)-HPLC profiles exhibiting patterns of isomeric distributions for biological specimens from animals fed a diet containing a commercial CLA preparation, as well as for a commercial cheese product.
Ultralow Fouling Polyacrylamide on Gold Surfaces via Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (2012)

In this work, polyacrylamide is investigated as an ultralow fouling surface coating to highly resist protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and bacterial attachment. Polyacrylamide was grafted on gold surfaces via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Protein adsorption from a wide range of biological media, including single protein solutions of fibrinogen, bovine serum albumin, and lysozyme, dilute and undiluted human blood serum, and dilute and undiluted human blood plasma, was studied by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Dependence of the protein resistance on polyacrylamide film thickness was examined. With the optimal film thickness, the adsorption amount of all three single proteins on polyacrylamide-grafted surfaces was <3 pg/mm(2), close to the detection limit of SPR. The average nonspecific adsorptions from 10% plasma, 10% serum, 100% plasma, and 100% serum onto the polyacrylamide-grafted surfaces were 5, 6.5, 17, and 28 pg/mm(2), respectively, comparable (if not better) than the adsorption levels on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) surfaces, the best antifouling materials known to date. The polyacrylamide-grafted surfaces were also shown strongly resistant to adhesion from bovine aortic endothelial cells and two bacterial species, Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis ( S. epidermidis ) and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ). Strong hydrogen bond with water is considered the key attribute for the ultralow fouling properties of polyacrylamide. This is the first work to graft gold surfaces with polyacrylamide brushes via ATRP to achieve ultralow fouling surfaces, demonstrating that polyacrylamide is a promising alternative to traditional PEG-based antifouling materials.
[Mechanism and treatment of cancer cachexia in tumor-bearing mice]. (1997)

The results suggested that the mechanism of cachexia be correlated with TNF-alpha. BM828 and TNF-alpha AB have the potentiality of attenuating the development of cachexia in murine models.
HLDPE/organic functionalized SiO2 nanocomposites with improved thermal stability and mechanical properties (2005)

Abstract High-pressure low-density polyethylene (HLDPE)/organic functionalized SiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using melt-blending technique in a sigma internal mixer. The properties of the nanocomposites were studied using two different organic functional modifiers: diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) and triacetoxyvinylsilane. Reinforcing, thermal stability and toughening effects of organic functionalized nanosilica on the polymer matrix were found at loading of 2.5% nanosilica functionalized with 2.8% of DGEBA and silane coupling agent respectively. Organic functionalization on the nanosilica particle surface led to different microstructures when compared with that of the pure polymer. Organic functionalization on the nanosilica particle surface produced good interfacial adhesion and homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix, while the use of nanosilica resulted in aggregated silica particles in the polymer matrix. There was no significant improvement in thermal stability and mechanical properties when only nanosilica was added to the pure polymer. On the contrary, the addition of pretreated nanosilica with organic functional modifiers led to an increase of thermal stability from 313–363°C, elastic modulus and toughness from 0.12–0.18 GPa and 3.23–9.81 MJ/m3 respectively. Keywords: NANOSILICAORGANIC FUNCTIONALIZATIONTHERMAL STABILITYELASTIC MODULUSTOUGHNESS
Spectrum and Frequency of Cardiac Channel Defects in Swimming-Triggered Arrhythmia Syndromes (2004)

In contrast to previous studies that suggested universal LQT1 specificity, genetic heterogeneity underlies channelopathies that are suspected chiefly because of a near-drowning or drowning. CPVT1 and strategic genotyping of RyR2 should be considered when LQT1 is excluded in the pathogenesis of a swimming-triggered arrhythmia syndrome.
Redundancy of meta search servers in a distributed search engine (2003)

We have developed a distributed search engine, called Cooperative Search Engine (CSE), in order to retrieve fresh information. In CSE, a local search engine located in each Web server makes an index of local pages. A meta search server integrates these local search engines in order to realize a global search engine. This meta server is a single point of failure in CSE. So, we propose redundancy of meta search servers in order to increase availability of CSE. In this paper, we describe the reliable architecture of CSE and its evaluations.
Biochemical and clinical characteristics of creatine deficiency syndromes. (2004)

Creatine deficiency syndromes are a newly described group of inborn errors of creatine synthesis (arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) deficiency and guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency) and of creatine transport (creatine transporter (CRTR) deficiency). The common clinical feature of creatine deficiency syndromes is mental retardation and epilepsy suggesting main involvement of cerebral gray matter. The typical biochemical abnormality of creatine deficiency syndromes is cerebral creatine deficiency, which is demonstrated by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Measurement of guanidinoacetate in body fluids may discriminate between the GAMT (high concentration), AGAT (low concentration) and CRTR (normal concentration) deficiencies. Further biochemical characteristics include changes in creatine and creatinine concentrations in body fluids. GAMT and AGAT deficiency are treatable by oral creatine supplementation, while patients with CRTR deficiency do not respond to this type of treatment. The creatine deficiency syndromes are underdiagnosed, so their possibility should be considered in all children affected by unexplained mental retardation, seizures and speech delay.
Production of Dry Oxidant through Catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Decomposition over Mn-based Catalysts for NO Oxidation (2015)

본 연구에서는 배가스 내 존재하는 비교적 처리가 어려운 오염물질인 NO 기체에 대하여 처리효율을 증대시키기 위하여 NO 산화공정이 필요하며, 이에 필요한 건식산화제를 제조하는 방법으로 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 촉매분해가 도입되었다. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 분해공정 상에서 적용 가능한 촉매로서 다양한 Mn 기반의 불균일계 고체 산 촉매들이 제조되었으며, 이들이 지니는 물리화학적 특성이 주로 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 분해반응에 미치는 영향이 조사되었다. 그 결과, Mn 기반의 고체산 촉매들이 지니는 산점 특성이 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 촉매분해에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었으며, 산점이 낮은 온도영역에서 많은 양의 산점의 특성을 지니는 촉매가 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 분해반응에서 가장 높은 성능을 나타냄과 동시에 제조된 건식산화제로 인해 높은 NO 산화율을 나타내었다. 대표적인 결과로서 K 성분이 첨가된 Mn 기반의 Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 지지체 촉매가 적용될 경우, 가장 높은 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 분해효율과 더불어 가장 높은 NO 전환율을 나타내었다. The NO oxidation process has been applied to improve a removal efficiency of NO included in exhaust gas. In this study, to produce a dry oxidant for the NO oxidation process, the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition method was proposed. A variety of the heterogeneous solid-acidic Mn-based catalysts were prepared for the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition and the effect of their physico-chemical properties on the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition were investigated. The results of this study showed that the acidic sites of the Mn-based catalysts has an influence on the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition. The Mn-based catalyst having the abundant acidic sites within the wide temperature range in NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD shows the best performance for the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition. Therefore, the NO oxidation efficiency, using the dry oxidant produced by the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition over the Mn-based catalyst having the abundant acidic properties under the wide temperature range, was higher than the others. As a remarkable result, the best performances in the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition and NO oxidation was shown when the Mn-based Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> support catalyst containing K component was used for the catalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition.
Synthetic Quartz Crystals (1947)

War-time requirements for untwinned quartz focused attention on the laboratory production of quartz crystals. Both the Germans and ourselves devoted considerable effort to this project with the result that, by the end of the German war, both countries were in a position to begin large scale manufacture. The fact that quartz crystals can be grown from aqueous solution in a short time is of considerable significance for geologists, and the method will therefore be described in some detail.
Androgen Inhibits the Increases in Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) and CRH-lmmunoreactivity following Gonadectomy (1994)

To characterize the effect of androgens on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis we examined the regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) following gonadectomy and hormone replacement. Three-month-old male Fischer 344 (F344) rats were gonadectomized (GDX) or sham GDX. Control animals remained intact. Animals were sacrificed 1, 4, 7, 10, or 21 days following surgery. GDX rats had significantly elevated (p < 0.05) levels of hypothalamic CRH 21 days after surgery compared to intact and sham-operated rats. In a second study, 3-month-old male F344 rats were GDX and treated with the non-aromatizable androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), using a Silastic capsule containing crystalline DHT propionate subcutaneously implanted in each animal's back. Control animals were GDX and sham-treated or left intact (INT). Three weeks following gonadectomy, CRH levels in the hypothalamus of GDX rats showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) compared to intact animals. DHT treatment, beginning at the time of gonadectomy prevented this increase. CRH or arginine vasopressin (AVP) immunoreactivity was examined using immunocytochemistry. The number of CRH-immunoreactive (IR) cells in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of GDX, DHT-treated animals was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) compared to GDX rats. No differences were seen between treatment groups in CRH-IR cell numbers in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis or the central amygdaloid nucleus or in AVP-IR cell numbers in the PVN. These data demonstrate that long-term castration increases hypothalamic CRH content and CRH-IR cell numbers in the PVN by removal of an androgen-dependent repression.