gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vehicle recognition and tracking from road image sequences (1999)

In this paper, synergies between the recognition and tracking processes for autonomous vehicle driving are studied. Object recognition is periodically performed to focus attention on specific parts of the visual signal and to assign them symbolic meanings. Tracking is used to maintain correspondences between objects identified at successive recognition instants as well as to provide further features (e.g., spatio-temporal trajectories) on which to base object-pose estimation. Results obtained by using complex road scenes are reported, which demonstrate the validity of the approach in terms of robustness, accuracy, and time responses.
Amino acid alterations within a highly conserved region of the Rous sarcoma virus src gene product pp60src inactivate tyrosine protein kinase activity. (1984)

Bisulfite mutagenesis techniques have been used to introduce single-point mutations within a region of the Rous sarcoma virus src gene defined by a BglI restriction endonuclease cleavage site. The mutants of Rous sarcoma virus that are produced by these techniques encode src proteins which contain single amino acid changes within a highly conserved amino acid sequence encompassing residues 430 to 433. DNA from the mutants CHpm26 ( Ala430 to Val), CHpm9 ( Pro431 to Ser), CHpm6 ( Glu432 to Lys), and CHpm65 ( Ala433 to Thr) each failed to transform chicken cells upon transfection, whereas DNA from CHpm59 (a third base alteration in the codon for Glu432 ) readily transformed chicken cells. Analysis of immune complexes containing the altered src proteins indicates that these proteins have decreased tyrosine protein kinase activity in vitro. In vivo labeling of cells infected with the mutant virus revealed diminished levels of the tyrosine-phosphorylated 34,000-molecular-weight protein. These data indicate that mutations within the sequence Ala430 - Pro431 - Glu432 - Ala433 lead to alterations in pp60src-specific tyrosine protein kinase activity and a concomitant loss of transforming potential of the mutant virus.
Adding SAML to two-factor authentication and single sign-on model for dynamic access control (2007)

This paper presents the extended development of the AmTRUE project implementing the SSO-two factor authentication and RBAC authorization in the multiple applications and multi-domain environment. The authentication and authorization are based on the X.509 public key certificate and privilege management infrastructure (PMI). In our model, we introduce the security assertion markup language (SAML) to support the exchange of authentication and authorization information. SAML enables the single sign-on (SSO) authentication in the multi-organization to be more manageable and scalable. Besides, we enhance our system to be capable to work with the access control policies of the organizations using XACML This promotes the flexibility of AmTRUE for the seamless interoperation with another standard access control policy. Finally, the implementation is presented.
Cardiovascular Effects of KM-13, a New, Orally Effective, Cardiotonic Sympathomimetic Amine (1987)

Dobutamine's chemical structure was modified to make it orally effective, while its pharmacological profile was preserved. Testing on anesthetized dogs showed that replacement of the para hydroxyl group with carboxyamide at the phenyl end of the molecule increased inotropic potency threefold, but it introduced pressor activity that spoiled the inotropic selective profile of dobutamine. However, shifting carboxyamide to the meta position avoided pressor activity and further enhanced inotropic potency to nine times that of dobutamine. When administered orally to conscious dogs, this compound, KM-13 (5 mg/kg), produced a sustained increase in left ventricular dP/dt with only immediate changes in heart rate; 10 mg/kg dobutamine was without cardiovascular effects. The (-) isomer of KM-13 contained twice the inotropic activity of the (+) isomer; in contrast, the (-) isomer had no effect on diastolic blood pressure, while the (+) isomer lowered blood pressure. The inotropic and chronotropic effects of dobutamine and KM-13 are both largely due to beta-adrenergic stimulation as shown by propranolol blockade. In contrast to dobutamine, KM-13 is an agent that is active by either oral or buccal administration and has greater inotropic potency.
Theory of an Experiment for Measuring the Mobility and Density of Carriers in the Space-Charge Region of a Semiconductor Surface (1958)

The use of galvanomagnetic experiments to determine the mobility and density of carriers in the spacecharge region of a semiconductor surface is considered. In part I an approximate model is used: it is a single crystal composed of two regions, a surface region of thickness of the order of a Debye length and a bulk region. Expressions for the resultant Hall coefficient are given for three experimental configurations by use of circuit analysis. The sensitivity of each configuration is derived, and by also considering experimental desirability, one is selected for study. It has the magnetic field perpendicular to the surface and the Hall voltages of surface and bulk are in parallel. Changes in Hall voltages of 1 to 50% are expected by using ambients to change the surface potential.In part II the model is assumed to be a single crystal with continuous variation of the potential in the direction perpendicular to the surface. Rigorous expressions are derived for the Hall coefficient and magneto-resistance by use of the one-dimensional Boltzmann equation. A feature of the derivation is its independence of a specific model of the surface region. The resulting expressions contain surface densities and mobilities which can be evaluated from experimental data of Hall coefficient and conductivity. Conversely, the expressions can be used with theory based on specific surface models to predict values of conductivity, Hall coefficient, and magnetoresistance.
Pharmacogenomic Prediction of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Children (2011)

We have identified multiple genetic variants in SLC28A3 and other genes associated with ACT. Combined with clinical risk factors, genetic risk profiling might be used to identify high-risk patients who can then be provided with safer treatment options.
<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Capsule Expression Is Necessary for Colonization of Large Intestines of Streptomycin-Treated Mice (1999)

The role of the Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide (K antigen) during colonization of the mouse large intestine was assessed with wild-type K. pneumoniae LM21 and its isogenic capsule-defective mutant. When bacterial strains were fed alone to mice, the capsulated bacteria persisted in the intestinal tract at levels of 10(8) CFU/g of feces while the capsule-defective strain colonized at low levels, 10(4) CFU/g of feces. In mixed-infection experiments, the mutant was rapidly outcompeted by the wild type. In situ hybridization on colonic sections revealed that bacterial cells of both strains were evenly distributed in the mucus layer at day 1 after infection, while at day 20 the wild type remained dispersed and the capsule-defective strain was seen in clusters in the mucus layer. These results suggest that capsular polysaccharide plays an important role in the gut colonization ability of K. pneumoniae.
Characterization of tomato fruit ripening and analysis of gene expression in F<sub>1</sub> hybrids of the <i>ripening inhibitor</i> (<i>rin</i>) mutant (2005)

The ripening inhibitor ( rin ) mutation of tomato yields non‐ripening fruit, and the gene corresponding to RIN , LeMADS‐RIN , is known to encode a transcriptional factor that controls ripening‐related genes. In this study, to evaluate the heterozygosity effect of rin on fruit ripening, we developed eight F 1 hybrid lines of the rin mutant from various crosses between the lines of the rin mutant and wild type. In the fruit of these F 1 hybrid lines, the shelf‐life was improved, but both the shelf‐life and colouring varied between the lines. We then chose one line of the F 1 hybrids and investigated the physiological and transcriptional properties of the fruit. Compared with the wild‐type parent, this F 1 line showed about half the lycopene content, lower fruit softening and lower mRNA accumulation of the genes that encode phytoene synthase ( Psy ), polygalacturonase ( PG ), β‐galactosidase ( TBG4 ) and expansin ( LeEXP1 ). The characteristic climacteric rise in ethylene production typically observed in the wild‐type parent during fruit maturation was not observed in the fruit of this F 1 line. The genes that encode ethylene biosynthetic enzymes, namely 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase ( ACS2 and ACS4 ) and ACC oxidase ( ACO1 ), were, however, significantly expressed in the F 1 hybrid, suggesting that the post‐transcriptional regulator for activating these enzymes is affected by LeMADS‐RIN . These results suggest that the heterologous effect of LeMADS‐RIN in F 1 hybrids affects the gene transcription and activation of ripening‐related factors, resulting in changes in fruit properties, including the extension of the shelf‐life.
Synthesis, Photophysical and Electrophosphorescent Properties of Fluorene‐Based Platinum(II) Complexes (2010)

A series of platinum(II) complexes bearing tridentate cyclometalated C^N^N (C^N^N=6-phenyl-2,2'-bipyridine and π-extended R-C^N^N=3-[6'-(naphthalen-2''-yl)pyridin-2'-yl]isoquinoline) ligands with fluorene units have been synthesised and their photophysical properties have been studied. The fluorene units are incorporated into the cyclometalated ligands by a Suzuki coupling reaction. An increase in the π-conjugation of the cyclometalated ligands confers favourable photophysical properties compared to the 6-phenyl-2,2'-bipyridine analogues. The fluorene-based platinum(II) complexes display vibronic-structured emission bands with λ(max)=558-601 nm, and high emission quantum yields up to 0.76 in degassed dichloromethane. Their emissions are tentatively assigned to excited states with mixed (3)IL/(3)MLCT parentage (IL=intraligand, MLCT=metal-to-ligand charge transfer). The crystal structures of these platinum(II) complexes reveal extensive Pt(II)···π and/or π-π interactions. The fluorene-based platinum(II) complexes are soluble in organic solvents, have high thermal stability with decomposition temperature >350 °C, and can be thermally vacuum-sublimed or solution-processed as phosphorescent dopants for the fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). A monochromic OLED with 3d as dopant (2 wt%) fabricated by vacuum deposition gave a current efficiency of 14.7 cd A(-1) and maximum brightness of 27000 cd m(-2). A high current efficiency (9.2 cd A(-1)) has been achieved in a solution-processed OLED using complex 3f (5 wt%) doped in a PVK (poly(9-vinylcarbazole)) host.
Hierarchical enumerative coding of first-orderMarkovian binary sources (1999)

A lossless adaptive compression algorithm for compressing first-order Markovian binary sources is presented. The method is a customised version of the recently introduced hierarchical enumerative coding. Experimental results indicate that it has good compression performance, especially when the transition probabilities are time-varying.
Copper inhibits the protease from human immunodeficiency virus 1 by both cysteine-dependent and cysteine-independent mechanisms. (1991)

The protease of the human immunodeficiency virus is essential for replication of the virus, and the enzyme is therefore an attractive target for antiviral action. We have found that the viral protease is inhibited by approximately stoichiometric concentrations of copper or mercury ions. Inactivation by Cu2+ was rapid and not reversed by subsequent exposure to EDTA or dithiothreitol. Direct inhibition by Cu2+ required the presence of cysteine residue(s) in the protease. Thus, a synthetic protease lacking cysteine residues was not inhibited by exposure to copper. However, addition of dithiothreitol as an exogenous thiol rendered even the synthetic protease susceptible to inactivation by copper. Oxygen was not required for inactivation of either the wild-type or the synthetic protease. These results provide the basis for the design of novel types of protease inhibitors.
Extracting hot spots of basic and complex topics from time stamped documents (2009)

Identifying time periods with a burst of activity related to a topic has been an important problem in analyzing time stamped documents. In this paper, we discuss methods to compute a hot spot of a given topic from a time stamped document set. We consider basic topics that contain one or more keywords as well as complex topics that contain topics connected by logical operators and, or, not. We use the temporal scan statistic to assign a discrepancy score to each of the intervals of the time period spanning the given document set. The hot spot of the given topic is the time interval with the highest discrepancy score. We describe efficient algorithms to compute the hot spots of both basic and complex topics. Our preliminary experiments using the SIGMOD/VLDB paper titles data set and the CNN/Reuters news article titles data set collected from the TDT-Pilot Corpus show that our methods to compute the measure and the hot spot of a topic work very well in practice.
The Amortization Problem: A Simplified Model and Some Unanswered Questions (1965)

This paper tries to explore some ideas in financial accounting through the use of a simplified, non-mathematical model. It then examines closely some of the ideas suggested by this exploration. Like most simplified approaches, this has limitations; these are the necessary price of any general insights that such a model may provide-insights that are often lost in the overwhelming detail of reality. Our concern is with the financial accountant's ways of writing-off deferred charges or unamortized costs I such as supplies, inventories, prepayments, buildings, mineral rights, equipment, and certain intangibles. Such assets are considered as a group; for ease of exposition, this group is labeled the amortizable assets. Similarly, the process of charging these assets to expense (or to loss, or work in process, or directly to Retained Earnings) is described as their amortization although this extends the term's usual meaning.2
An adjunct mammary epithelial cell population in parous females: its role in functional adaptation and tissue renewal (2002)

Mammary gland biologists have long assumed that differentiated secretory epithelial cells undergo programmed cell death at the end of lactation and that the alveolar compartment is reconstituted from undifferentiated precursor cells in subsequent pregnancies. It is generally agreed that the remodeled gland in a parous animal resembles that of a mature virgin at the morphological level. However, several physiological differences have been noted in comparing the responses of mammary epithelia from nulliparous versus parous females to hormonal stimulation and carcinogenic agents. We present genetic evidence that an involuted mammary gland is fundamentally different from a virgin gland, despite its close morphological resemblance. This difference results from the formation of a new mammary epithelial cell population that originates from differentiating cells during pregnancy. In contrast to the majority of fully committed alveolar cells, this epithelial population does not undergo cell death during involution or remodeling after lactation. We show that these cells can function as alveolar progenitors in subsequent pregnancies and that they can play an important role in functional adaptation in genetically engineered mice, which exhibit a reversion of a lactation-deficient phenotype in multiparous animals. In transplantation studies, this parity-induced epithelial population shows the capacity for self-renewal and contributes significantly to the reconstitution of the resulting mammary outgrowth (i.e. ductal morphogenesis and lobulogenesis). We propose that this parity-induced population contributes importantly to the biological differences between the mammary glands of parous and nulliparous females.
Makeflow (2012)

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in languages and systems for large scale distributed computing. Unfortunately, most systems available to the end user use a custom description language tightly coupled to a specific runtime implementation, making it difficult to transfer applications between systems. To address this problem we introduce Makeflow, a simple system for expressing and running a data-intensive workflow across multiple execution engines without requiring changes to the application or workflow description. Makeflow allows any user familiar with basic Unix Make syntax to generate a workflow and run it on one of many supported execution systems. Furthermore, in order to assess the performance characteristics of the various execution engines available to users and assist them in selecting one for use we introduce Workbench, a suite of benchmarks designed for analyzing common workflow patterns. We evaluate Workbench on two physical architectures -- the first a storage cluster with local disks and a slower network and the second a high performance computing cluster with a central parallel filesystem and fast network -- using a variety of execution engines. We conclude by demonstrating three applications that use Makeflow to execute data intensive applications consisting of thousands of jobs.
Natural killer cell cytotoxicity in elderly humans after influenza immunization (1996)

Previous studies have reported that human natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity can be augmented by either in vitro stimulation with influenza virus antigens or in vivo administration of killed influenza vaccine. The study demonstrating the latter conclusion reported an increase in NK cytotoxicity lasting for 4 weeks postvaccination in young subjects. We initiated our study to determine if a similar increase in NK activity was observed in an elderly population after immunization with the 1992-1993 influenza vaccine. NK activity of 34 elderly (mean age, 77.3 years) was determined at 3 time points: prevaccination, 4 to 6 weeks postvaccination, and 5 to 6 months after vaccination. In contrast to the results of the previous study, the NK cytotoxicity of our elderly subjects was not augmented by the influenza vaccine at any time tested. We also determined the number of CD56+ cells in whole-blood samples at each of the time points and found that there is no change in NK cell number after influenza vaccination.
Diagnostics of DC-pulse SiH <sub>4</sub> plasmas using laser-induced fluorescence and optical emission spectroscopy (1994)

Plasmas produced with short-pulse power show promise for deposition of hydrogenated amorphous silicon films (a-Si:H). For high electron temperature and density compared to those in continuously excited plasmas, the reactants for a-Si:H deposition can be produced efficiently in the pulse plasmas. In the afterglows, the average energy of ions impinging on the substrate is expected to be low, allowing one to grow less-damaged films through reactions of long-lifetime reactants such as SiH3. To optimise the pulse plasmas for the a-Si:H deposition process, it is necessary to understand the production and transport of the reactants in connection with the plasma structure. DC-pulse plasmas through pure SiH4 and SiH4/H2 mixtures are diagnosed by laser-induced fluorescence. The spatial profiles of SiH radicals are measured to investigate the plasma structure. Optical emission spectroscopy and the time-resolved Langmuir probe measurement are also conducted to characterise the plasma in terms of electron density and temperature. In a DC-pulse plasma through hydrogen, the electron density reaches approximately 1011 cm-3 one to two orders of magnitude higher than the electron densities in conventional radio-frequence (RF) plasmas. For a SiH4/CF4 mixture, CF4 molecules are dissociated in the DC-pulse plasmas for the high energy electrons produced in the initial stage of plasma production. By contrast, they are scarcely decomposed in continuous RF plasmas. The spatial profiles of SiH density for the DC-pulse plasmas in pure SiH4 suggest that the discharge has no positive column and that SiH radicals are produced mostly in the negative glow.
The orthogonal-random waveform dichotomy for digital mobile personal communication (1994)

The conversion of terrestrial wireless telephony to digital transmission technology is just beginning. However, with more than four years of experimental laboratory and field testing, one has already learned numerous practical lessons, both positive and negative, relative to the art and science of multiple-access communication by large user populations. Europe, Japan, and North America have each developed digital cellular standards. The North American experience has been the most contentious and diverse. Only here have two alternative and rival approaches been carried through to the development of detailed standards leading to imminent large-scale commercial deployments. In this article, the two alternatives are denoted as orthogonal and random waveform multiple access, and are described and discussed successively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Support for debugging in the Alpha 21364 microprocessor (2003)

The Alpha 21364 microprocessor consists of 153 million transistors operating at 1.2 GHz. The chip includes essentially all of the logic that previous generations relegated to hundreds of support ASICs, including a large L2 cache, memory controllers and a router. While this integration delivers outstanding performance and reliability, the consequent reduction of visibility in the base design posed significant challenges for debug. This paper describes architectural changes made in anticipation of these challenges, and their effect on the debug of this complex, leading edge design.
962. The preparation and properties of stannic alkoxides (1957)

D. C. Bradley, E. V. Caldwell and W. Wardlaw, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 4775 DOI: 10.1039/JR9570004775
Wired for speed (1997)

The major enhancement of VRML 2.0 over VRML 1.0 is the changeability allowed in the VRML 2.0 scene graph. Most changes to the scene graph are accomplished by the sending of messages along VRML 2.0 routes. This paper describes a robust design for the efficient handling of VRML 2.0 routes and events. This design has been implemented in Silicon Graphics' Cosmo Player VRML 2.0 browser for Windows 95 and Windows NT.
Comparison of Accuracy on DNA Quantitation Determined by MALDI-TOF Mass (2010)

Although the UV absorbance of DNA at 260 nm has been recognized as a standard method for DNA quantitation, there are limitations of using UV spectrometry to determine the purity and identity of DNA. Recently, MALDI-TOF MS has proven to be an accurate technique for qualitative DNA analysis. In this study, the accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS for determining the concentration of DNA is evaluated and compared with that of the standard UV method. The results indicated that the accuracy of quantitative MALDI-TOF MS was comparable to that of the standard UV method and that measured DNA concentrations correlated well with those determined by the standard UV method.