gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peripheral blood-derived bovine dendritic cells promote IgG1-restricted B cell responses in vitro (2003)

Regulation of humoral responses involves multiple cell types including the requirements for cognate interactions between T and B cells to drive CD40-dependent responses to T-dependent antigens. A third cell type has also been shown to play an essential role, the dendritic cell (DC). We demonstrate that bovine peripheral blood-derived (PB)-DC are similar in function to features described for human interstitial DC including the production of signature type 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-13, IL-10]. PB-DC express moderate-to-high costimulatory molecule expression, and major histocompatibility complex class II is negative for CD14 expression and has low or no expression of CD11c. Consistent with the interstitial phenotype is the ability of PB-DC to influence B cell activation and differentiation via direct expression of CD40L and type 2 cytokines. Collectively, these results suggest that direct B cell-DC interactions may promote an immunoglobulin-isotype expression pattern consistent with type 2 responses, independent of direct T cell involvement.
Automatic Generation of Web Applications from Visual High-Level Functional Web Components (2009)

This paper presents high-level functional Web components such as frames, framesets, and pivot tables, which conventional development environments for Web applications have not yet supported. Frameset Web components provide several editing facilities such as adding, deleting, changing, and nesting of framesets to make it easier to develop Web applications that use frame facilities. Pivot table Web components sum up various kinds of data in two dimensions. They reduce the amount of code to be written by developers greatly. The paper also describes the system that implements these high-level functional components as visual Web components. This system assists designers in the development of Web applications based on the page-transition framework that models a Web application as a set of Web page transitions, and by using visual Web components, makes it easier to write processes to be executed when a Web page transfers to another.
Heterologous Expression of a Plant Small Heat-Shock Protein Enhances <i>Escherichia coli</i>Viability under Heat and Cold Stress1 (1999)

A small heat-shock protein (sHSP) that shows molecular chaperone activity in vitro was recently purified from mature chestnut (Castanea sativa) cotyledons. This protein, renamed here as CsHSP17. 5, belongs to cytosolic class I, as revealed by cDNA sequencing and immunoelectron microscopy. Recombinant CsHSP17.5 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli to study its possible function under stress conditions. Upon transfer from 37 degrees C to 50 degrees C, a temperature known to cause cell autolysis, those cells that accumulated CsHSP17.5 showed improved viability compared with control cultures. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of cell lysates suggested that such a protective effect in vivo is due to the ability of recombinant sHSP to maintain soluble cytosolic proteins in their native conformation, with little substrate specificity. To test the recent hypothesis that sHSPs may be involved in protection against cold stress, we also studied the viability of recombinant cells at 4 degrees C. Unlike the major heat-induced chaperone, GroEL/ES, the chestnut sHSP significantly enhanced cell survivability at this temperature. CsHSP17.5 thus represents an example of a HSP capable of protecting cells against both thermal extremes. Consistent with these findings, high-level induction of homologous transcripts was observed in vegetative tissues of chestnut plantlets exposed to either type of thermal stress but not salt stress.
Masked ion beam lithography and direct structuring on curved surfaces (2003)

We have previously demonstrated (Proc. SPIE Vol. 4688, 595, 2002; JM3 Vol. 2, Nr. 1, 34, 2003) a depth of focus of several millimeters in masked ion beam lithography (MIBL). This work illustrates the use of this capability to pattern concave and convex spherical substrates 25 mm in diameter and 5.5 mm deep. Features as small as 175nm were printed across a convex substrate with 75 keV He<sup>+</sup> ions where the mask-to-wafer gap varied from 1 mm on the center to 6.5 mm on the edge. We also demonstrate, for the first time, the fabrication of 800 nm features in a 4 nm thick Cr coating by masked ion beam direct structuring (MIBS), where 45 keV Argon ions sputter the film through a stencil mask. We demonstrate electronic adjustment of the radial beam profile of the incident ion beam to compensate for the continuously changing angle between the beam and the spherical substrate, thus achieving constant exposure dose (for MIBL) or sputtering rate (for MIBS) a 50 × 50 mm<sup>2</sup> field.
Structure of the Human Protein Kinase ZAK in Complex with Vemurafenib (2016)

The mixed lineage kinase ZAK is a key regulator of the MAPK pathway mediating cell survival and inflammatory response. ZAK is targeted by several clinically approved kinase inhibitors, and inhibition of ZAK has been reported to protect from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. On the other hand, unintended targeting of ZAK has been linked to severe adverse effects such as the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, both specific inhibitors of ZAK, as well as anticancer drugs lacking off-target activity against ZAK, may provide therapeutic benefit. Here, we report the first crystal structure of ZAK in complex with the B-RAF inhibitor vemurafenib. The cocrystal structure displayed a number of ZAK-specific features including a highly distorted P loop conformation enabling rational inhibitor design. Positional scanning peptide library analysis revealed a unique substrate specificity of the ZAK kinase including unprecedented preferences for histidine residues at positions -1 and +2 relative to the phosphoacceptor site. In addition, we screened a library of clinical kinase inhibitors identifying several inhibitors that potently inhibit ZAK, demonstrating that this kinase is commonly mistargeted by currently used anticancer drugs.
Cardiac S100A1 Protein Levels Determine Contractile Performance and Propensity Toward Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction (2006)

Our novel proof-of-concept study provides evidence that downregulation of S100A1 protein critically contributes to contractile dysfunction of the diseased heart, which is potentially responsible for driving the progressive downhill clinical course of patients with HF.
Theory and Application of a Measurement-While-Drilling Neutron Porosity Sensor (1987)

ABSTRACT Until now, Measurement-While-Drilling (MWD) services providing formation evaluation information have been limited to natural gamma ray and resistivity measurements. A porosity sensor has been needed to complete the basic set of measurements required for quantitative formation evaluation. We describe the first MWD compensated neutron porosity measurement service (CNØSM)* which employs a dual-spaced, borehole-compensated detector system to measure neutron-capture gamma rays. CNØ service, when combined with existing MWD gamma ray and resistivity services, provides the basic data necessary for calculation of water saturation from MWD logs, making it possible to replace wireline logs in many situations with resulting savings in both logging costs and associated rig time. This is particularly cost effective when drilling high angle offshore development wells and in other high cost development drilling. Making the neutron porosity measurement while drilling also limits the adverse effects of borehole washout that often plague wireline porosity measurements.
Analysis of the telomere length of subpopulations of primary human hematopoietic cells (2009)

Telomeres are structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes; they protect the ends from degradation and end-to-end fusions. Mammalian telomeres consist of a tandem array of G-rich repeats, with a length of two to 12 kb in human somatic cells. Somatic cell telomere length shortens with each cell division, leading to senescence or apoptosis. Critically short telomeres can lead to genomic instability, thus in cells that divide continually, such as germ cells, telomere length is maintained by telomerase. In a rare autosomal dominant form of dyskeratosis congenita, patients carry a mutation in the RNA template of telomerase, resulting in half maximal telomerase activity. Patients with this genotype die of aplastic anemia, indicating that maintenance of telomere length is likely critical, and may be particularly important in hematopoietic stem cells. Telomere length can be measured by a quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridisation and flow cytometry based method (Flow- FISH). In the present study, this technique was used to measure telomere length in lymphocytes and in "candidate" stem cell populations isolated from eight cadaveric marrow samples from normal adults (aged 14 to 48 years). Telomere length analysis of B and T cells - two populations that undergo activation-induced telomerase up-regulation - revealed that CD20⁺ B cells in the bone marrow had longer telomeres than CD3⁺ T cells (p<0.002). The CD34⁺CD38⁻ populations from each of the eight donors also had longer telomeres than the T cell subsets. The telomerase activity in T lymphocyte populations thus appears insufficient to prevent telomere shortening during differentiation from the pluripotent stem cell. To compare telomere length in different subsets of primitive hematopoietic ceils, we analysed FACS-purified CD34⁺CD38⁻ and CD34⁺CD38⁺ populations. The CD34⁺CD38⁻ cells had significantly longer telomeres than the CD34⁺CD38⁺ cells (p<0.02, n=8). The Side Population (SP) cells identified by FACS as Hoechst 33342'° cells did not have significantly longer telomeres than the CD34⁺CD38⁻ population. In two donor samples, additional populations were sorted, and the data is consistent with the proposed hierarchical pattern of these cell populations, with CD34⁺CD38⁻ thought to have the greatest proliferative potential and the longest telomeres. This data supports the hypothesis that hematopoietic cells with the greatest proliferative potential will have the longest telomere length. It is still unclear if a hematopoietic cell population exists within the SP with "germ-line" or "fetal" length telomeres. While we cannot exclude that a small subset of more primitive cells capable of maintaining long telomere length exists within the sorted SP cells that were analysed, we conclude that telomere length declines in the majority of the primitive hematopoietic cells examined here.
Total Synthesis of Chaetoquadrins A–C (2013)

The first total synthesis of the monoamine oxidase inhibitors chaetoquadrins A-C has been accomplished. Key steps in the synthesis include an aromatic Claisen rearrangement, asymmetric boron aldol reaction and acid-mediated spiroketalization. Comparison of spectral data for the synthetic spiroketals confirmed the proposed structure for these natural products.
An In-pipe robot with multi-axial differential gear mechanism (2013)

This paper presents a mechanism for an in-pipe robot, called MRINSPECT VI (Multifunctional Robotic crawler for In-pipe inspection VI), which is under development for the inspection of gas pipelines with 150mm inside diameter. The mechanism is composed of multi-axial differential gear mechanism, wall pressing one, and driven by single motor. It is designed to adapt to the varying inside geometries of pipelines such as elbows by modulating the velocities of active wheels mechanically without any control effort. In this paper, the design features of the mechanism are detailed and its effectiveness is experimentally validated.
Detection and control of bacterial contaminants of plant tissue cultures. A review of recent literature (1995)

Preventing or avoiding microbial contamination of plant tissue cultures is critical tosuccessful micropropagation. Epiphytic aIKI endophytic organisms can cause severelosses to micropropagated plants at each stage of growth (Cassells. 1991; Debergh arxiVanderschaeghe. 1988; Leifert eot at. 1991). Bacterial contaminants are often diffiCult todetect because they remain mostly within the plant tissue (D:ebergh and Vanderschaeghe.1988; De Fossard and De Fossard. 1988; Viss eot al.. 1991). COntaminated plants mayhave no visible symptoms. reduced multiplication and rooting rates. or may die (Leifertet ai., 1989; 1992). Introduction of microorganisms due to poor aseptic technique orimproperly sterilized equipment can be COITttted with improvements in training orequipment (Buckley et handling. al.. 1995). but eliminating internal - contaminants is more problematicProcedure;s for producing aseptic cultures require attention to some or all of thefollowing: 1) indexing expiants and cultures for contaminants; 2) identifying the soun:eof those contaminants; 3) identifying or characterizing the contaminants; and 4)eliminating the contaminating organism with improved cultural practices. antibiotics. orother chemical agents.Sources and prevention of contaminantsThe sources of contaminated cultures usually are: difficult to determine (Le:ifert ark:iWaites. 1994). Bacteria which contaminate plant cultures may originate from explants.laboratory environments. operators. mites and thrips. or ineffective sterilizationtechniques- Bacteria are associated with plants as cpiphytes or endophytes (Sige:e:, 1993;Gunson and Spencer-Phillips, 1994). Explants from ficld-grown plants, diseasedspecimens. or from plant parts which are located closc to or bclow the soil may ~difficult or impossible to disinfect due to both endophytic and epiphytic microbes(Leifert el al.. 1994). Contaminants of greenhouse-grown plants are mostly thoseassociated with soil (Buckley el at.. 1995) and may originate from irrigation water(Seabrook and Farrell, 1993)-Epiphytic bacteria may lodge in plant structures where disinfectants can not rexh(Gunson and Spencer-Phillips. 1994; Leifcrt el at. 1994). Endophytic bacteria may belocalized within the plant at cclJ junctions and thc interccllular spaces of corticalparenchyma (Gunson and Spcncer-PhilJips, 1994). Contaminants found at cxplantinitiation. present in explants from scveraJ collection dates and resistant to surfacedisinfestation are likely to bc endophytic (R~ el at. 1995)-Every step of the plant tissue culture process should be considered in order to preventcontamination. These steps encompass handling of stock plants, type and handling ofexplants. media preparation, subculturing. incubation, and storage of sterile culture
Lack of Wall Teichoic Acids in<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Leads to Reduced Interactions with Endothelial Cells and to Attenuated Virulence in a Rabbit Model of Endocarditis (2005)

Wall teichoic acids (WTAs) are major surface components of gram-positive bacteria that have recently been shown to play a key role in nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus. In the present study, we assessed the impact that WTAs have on endovascular infections by using a WTA-deficient S. aureus mutant ( Delta tagO). There were no significant differences detected between the isogenic parental strain (SA113) and the Delta tagO mutant in polymorphonuclear leukocyte-mediated opsonophagocytosis; killing by a prototypic platelet microbicidal protein; or binding to platelets, fibronectin, or fibrinogen. However, compared with the parental strain, the Delta tagO mutant adhered considerably less well to human endothelial cells, especially under flow conditions (70.3% reduction; P<.05). Beads coated with WTA bound to endothelium in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that WTA contributes specifically to this interaction. These in vitro data closely paralleled those from a rabbit model of infective endocarditis in which the Delta tagO mutant was compared with the parental strain. Clearances of staphylococcus from the bloodstream were equivalent, but the Delta tagO mutant showed a significantly reduced capacity to both colonize sterile cardiac vegetations (P<.05) and proliferate within these vegetations, the kidneys, and the spleen (P<.001). We conclude that WTA is an important factor in the induction and progression of endovascular S. aureus infection, likely through a specific interaction with endothelial cells.
Hydroxyapatite‐clay bone fixation for loaded implants (1995)

Abstract A clay containing hydroxyapatite (HA clay), which was made by mixing HA granules (range of sizes: 0.1–0.3 mm) and a saline solution of sodium alginate, was inserted into the medullary canal of an osteotomized rabbit's tibia with a Ti‐6Al‐4V titanium alloy implant. Each implant had a conical portion for bearing load. The shear strength of the bone‐implant interface for the implant with HA clay was significantly greater than that for the implant without HA clay 3 months postoperatively ( P < .02), while there was no significant difference between the two strengths 1 week postoperatively. Under microscopic observation, the percentage of area of newly developed bone was also significantly greater for the implant with HA clay than for the implant without HA clay 3 months postoperatively ( P < .04). This study suggests that HA clay encouraged adequate bone fixation of the loaded implant in 3 months, while the clay was not effective for immediate fixation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Helicase, DNA-binding, and immunological properties of replication-defective simian virus 40 mutant T antigens (1989)

Simian virus 40 T antigen (TAg) exhibits nonspecific and origin-specific DNA binding (ori binding) and ATPase and helicase activities, all of which are related to its roles in viral DNA replication. We have characterized some of the properties of four replication-defective but transformation-competent mutant TAgs, C6-2, T22, C11, and C8A. C6-2 and T22 TAgs were each previously determined to lack ori-binding properties, while C11 TAg was reported to lack ATPase activity. The C8A TAg did not exhibit defects in either ori-binding or ATPase functions. We have analyzed additional aspects of these mutant TAgs pertaining to their helicase, DNA-binding, and immunological properties. With the exception of the C11 TAg, all the other TAgs exhibited helicase activity. The lack of helicase activity by C11 TAg was consistent with its previously shown inability to hydrolyze ATP or to replicate viral DNA. These results therefore show that ori-binding and helicase activities are separate functions of TAg. Wild-type and mutant TAgs bound with similar efficiency to either native or denatured calf thymus DNA-cellulose, indicating no marked differences in their nonspecific DNA-binding properties. We also tested the binding of wild-type and mutant TAgs to a monoclonal antibody, PAb 100, that was previously shown to recognize an extremely small class of TAg that may represent a unique conformational form of the protein. Interestingly, while less than 10% of the wild-type, C6-2, C11, and T22 mutant TAgs were recognized by PAb 100, more than 60% of the C8A mutant TAg was bound by this antibody. Therefore, although no defect in biochemical function was observed with the C8A TAg, its deficiency in viral DNA replication may be related to an unusual conformation, as detected by its dramatically increased recognition by PAb 100. These results show that the helicase activity of TAg is not required for its transformation function.
SINR or SLNR: In Successive User Scheduling in MU-MIMO Broadcast Channel with Finite Rate Feedback (2010)

In this paper, an SLNR-based scheduling method is proposed in the MU-MIMO broadcast channel with finite rate feedback. In the proposed scheme, a user's leakage power to others is an important factor to determine whether the user should be selected. The sum rate of the proposed SLNR scheme and the traditional SINR-based scheme are compared with different system parameter settings. Simulation results shows that the SLNR scheme is preferred mainly in the case of larger feedback bits, lower SNR region and smaller number of active users. These observations are useful in practical system design.
Conformation of bilirubin and biliverdin in their complexes with serum albumin (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformation of bilirubin and biliverdin in their complexes with serum albuminG. Blauer and G. WagniereCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 7, 1949–1954Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00840a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00840a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acids with<i>Geotrichum candidum</i> lipase (1994)

Abstract Three lipases, isolated previously in our laboratory, each with different fatty acid and positional specificities, and a known lipase from Candida cylindracea were screened for concentrating docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids in glycerides. Geotrichum candidum lipase was found to be suitable for their concentration in glycerides. Tuna oil was treated at 30°C with this lipase for 16 h, and 33.5% hydrolysis resulted in the production of glycerides containing 48.7% of DHA and EPA. The hydrolysis was not increased despite adding further lipase, so the glycerides were extracted, and the reaction was repeated. The second hydrolysis produced glycerides containing 57.5% of DHA and EPA in a 54.5% yield, with recovery of 81.5% of initial DHA and EPA. Of the total glycerides, 85.5% were triglycerides. These results showed that G. candidum lipase was effective in producing glycerides that contained a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in good yield.
Speciation of Chromium in Soil and Sludge in the Surrounding Tannery Region, Ranipet, Tamil Nadu (2011)

The distribution and mobility of chromium in the soils and sludge surrounding a tannery waste dumping area was investigated to evaluate its vertical and lateral movement of operational speciation which was determined in six steps to fractionate the material in the soil and sludge into (i) water soluble, (ii) exchangeable, (iii) carbonate bound, (iv) reducible, (v) oxidizable, and (vi) residual phases. The present study shows that about 63.7% of total chromium is mobilisable, and 36.3% of total chromium is nonbioavailable in soil, whereas about 30.2% of total chromium is mobilisable, and 69.8% of total chromium is non-bioavailable in sludge. In contaminated sites the concentration of chromium was found to be higher in the reducible phase in soils (31.3%) and oxidisable phases in sludge (56.3%) which act as the scavenger of chromium in polluted soils. These results also indicate that iron and manganese rich soil can hold chromium that will be bioavailable to plants and biota. Thus, results of this study can indicate the status of bioavailable of chromium in this area, using sequential extraction technique. So a suitable and proper management of handling tannery sludge in the said area will be urgently needed to the surrounding environment as well as ecosystems.