gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rate-distortion optimized multipass video encoding with application to MPEG-4 (2005)

In this paper we propose a rate-distortion optimized multipass algorithm for video encoding. The problem of dependent quantization in a hybrid coding framework is addressed by constructing a trellis from the exponentially growing search tree which is then searched using a Lagrangian cost function. To avoid exponential growth, states with similarly distorted reference frames are merged based on the assumption that similar rate-distortion behavior results for future frames. The goal is to select an optimal quantizer for each frame such that the overall R-D performance is optimized. The algorithm is applied to MPEG-4 SP and typical average PSNR gains of 0.3 dB are achieved. A comparison with the DivX 5.2 codec shows PSNR gains of up to 2 dB.
The Reaction of Acyloxysulfonium Salt with Cyclic Enol Ethers: Novel Synthesis of Vinyl Sulfides (1990)

Abstract The reaction of 2,3-dihydrofuran (1), dihydropyran (2) and indole (8) with acyloxysulfonium salt (3) and Methyl amine furnished vinyl sulfides 6, 7 and 10 respectively in very good yields.
Synthesis, Separation, and Characterization of the Topoisomers of Fused Bicyclic Subphthalocyanine Dimers (2002)

The syn and anti topoisomers of fused subphthalocyanine dimers were synthesized and characterized. The space-filling model of the anti topoisomer is depicted. These compounds are the first step towards the synthesis of larger curved π surfaces.
Buckwheat Honey Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver and DNA Damage in Mice (2015)

Buckwheat honey, which is widely consumed in China, has a characteristic dark color. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of buckwheat honey on liver and DNA damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. The results revealed that buckwheat honey had high total phenolic content, and rutin, hesperetin, and p-coumaric acid were the main phenolic compounds present. Buckwheat honey possesses super DPPH radical scavenging activity and strong ferric reducing antioxidant power. Administration of buckwheat honey for 10 weeks significantly inhibited serum lipoprotein oxidation and increased serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Moreover, buckwheat honey significantly inhibited aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities, which are enhanced by carbon tetrachloride. Hepatic malondialdehyde decreased and hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) increased in the presence of buckwheat honey. In a comet assay, lymphocyte DNA damage induced by carbon tetrachloride was significantly inhibited by buckwheat honey. Therefore, buckwheat honey has a hepatoprotective effect and inhibits DNA damage, activities that are primarily attributable to its high antioxidant capacity.
William Robinson (1938)

Journal Article William Robinson Get access X. Y. Z. X. Y. Z. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 175, Issue 26, 24 December 1938, Page 462, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/175.26.462c Published: 24 December 1938
A Blue Spectral Shift of the Hemoglobin Soret Band Correlates with the Age (Time Since Deposition) of Dried Bloodstains (2010)

The ability to determine the time since deposition of a bloodstain found at a crime scene could prove invaluable to law enforcement investigators, defining the time frame in which the individual depositing the evidence was present. Although various methods of accomplishing this have been proposed, none has gained widespread use due to poor time resolution and weak age correlation. We have developed a method for the estimation of the time since deposition (TSD) of dried bloodstains using UV-VIS spectrophotometric analysis of hemoglobin (Hb) that is based upon its characteristic oxidation chemistry. A detailed study of the Hb Soret band (λmax=412 nm) in aged bloodstains revealed a blue shift (shift to shorter wavelength) as the age of the stain increases. The extent of this shift permits, for the first time, a distinction to be made between bloodstains that were deposited minutes, hours, days and weeks prior to recovery and analysis. The extent of the blue shift was found to be a function of ambient relative humidity and temperature. The method is extremely sensitive, requiring as little as a 1 µl dried bloodstain for analysis. We demonstrate that it might be possible to perform TSD measurements at the crime scene using a portable low-sample-volume spectrophotometer.
Enzyme-Free Amplification by Nano Sticky Balls for Visual Detection of ssDNA/RNA Oligonucleotides (2015)

Visual detection of nucleic acids provides simple and rapid screening for infectious diseases or environmental pathogens. However, sensitivity is the current bottleneck, which may require enzymatic amplification for targets in low abundance and make them incompatible with detection at resource-limited sites. Here we report an enzyme-free amplification that provides a sensitive visual detection of ssDNA/RNA oligonucleotides on the basis of nano "sticky balls". When target oligonucleotides are present, magnetic microparticles (MMPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were linked together, allowing the collection of AuNPs after magnetic attraction. Subsequently, the collected AuNPs, which carry many oligonucleotides, were used as the sticky balls to link a second pair of MMPs and polymer microparticles (PMPs). Thus, because the magnetic field can attract the MMPs as well as the linked PMPs to the sidewall, the reduction of suspended PMPs yields a change of light transmission visible by the naked eye. Our results demonstrate that the limit of detection is 10 amol for ssDNAs (228 fM in 45 μL) and 75 amol for ssRNAs (1.67 pM in 45 μL). This method is also compatible with the serum environment and detection of a microRNA, miR-155, derived from human breast cancer cells. With significantly improved sensitivity for visual detection, it provides great potential for point-of-care applications at resource-limited sites.
Molecular modeling of acyclic polyamide oligonucleotide analogs (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular modeling of acyclic polyamide oligonucleotide analogsDwight D. Weller, Daniel T. Daly, Wilma K. Olson, and James E. SummertonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 21, 6000–6006Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00021a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00021a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: New Chiral Ferrocenylamine Sulfide and Selenide Ligands: Preparation, Characterization and Their Palladium and Platinum Complexes as Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation. (1990)

Abstract The preparation methods for the new ligands such as (VI) and their complexes (VIII) are outlined in the scheme.
Distributed control subject to delays satisfying an &#x210B;<inf>1</inf> norm bound (2014)

This paper presents a characterization of distributed controllers subject to delay constraints induced by a strongly connected communication graph that achieve a prescribed closed loop ℋ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm. Inspired by the solution to the ℋ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> problem subject to delays, we exploit the fact that the communication graph is strongly connected to decompose the controller into a local finite impulse response component and a global but delayed infinite impulse response component. This allows us to reduce the control synthesis problem to a linear matrix inequality feasibility test.
A Novel Antioxidant Gene from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis </i> (1997)

Among the major antimicrobial products of macrophages are reactive intermediates of the oxidation of nitrogen (RNI) and the reduction of oxygen (ROI). Selection of recombinants in acidified nitrite led to the cloning of a novel gene, noxR1, from a pathogenic clinical isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Expression of noxR1 conferred upon Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium smegmatis enhanced ability to resist RNI and ROI, whether the bacteria were exposed to exogenous compounds in medium or to endogenous products in macrophages. These studies provide the first identification of an RNI resistance mechanism in mycobacteria, point to a new mechanism for resistance to ROI, and raise the possibility that inhibition of the noxR1 pathway might enhance the ability of macrophages to control tuberculosis.
Acinetobacter parvus sp. nov., a small-colony-forming species isolated from human clinical specimens (2003)

The taxonomic status of seven glucose-non-acidifying, non-proteolytic Acinetobacter strains characterized by forming small colonies on agar media was studied. With one exception, all strains were from human specimens. They could be distinguished from all described Acinetobacter (genomic) species by their ability to grow on ethanol and acetate as sole sources of carbon but not on 22 other substrates tested including DL-lactate or DL-4-aminobutyrate. DNA-DNA hybridization studies, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, amplified rDNA restriction analysis and DNA polymorphism analysis by AFLP showed that these strains represent a hitherto unknown species of the genus Acinetobacter, for which the name Acinetobacter parvus (type strain LMG 21765(T)=LUH 4616(T)=NIPH 384(T)=CCM 7030(T)) is proposed.
Flying spot TV ophthalmoscope (1980)

We have designed a recording ophthalmoscope which requires substantially less light than conventional ophthalmoscopes or fundus cameras. A laser beam of <100-microW total power provides the flying spot on the subject's retina, allowing an inversion of the usual division of the pupil: only the central half-millimeter is needed for illumination, and the remaining 50 mm(2) are used for light collection. No optical image of the retina is formed, but a photomultiplier tube in a pupillary conjugate plane provides video signals to a TV monitor, where an image appears. A simple analysis explains the gain in sensitivity. Various manipulations of the image are described, some of which are uniquely possible with this system.
NEW PHOTOVOLTAIC ACCEPTORS: SYNTHESIS AND CHARA CTERIZATION OF FUNCTIONALIZED C-FUSED ANTHRADITHIOPHENE Q UINONES (2011)

Stable organic semiconductors are critical to produce inexpensive, efficient and flexible thin film organic solar cells. A current chemical focus is the synthesis of stable, electron-accepting materials to be utilized as an acceptor layer in photovoltaics.1 The Anthony group has shown that the functionalization of pentacene with suitable electron withdrawing groups provides a catalog of suitable acceptors for this purpose.2 These pentacenes can be further modified to pack in a unique 1-dimensional "sandwich herringbone" crystal packing, leading to improved device current.3 To improve the stability of acene acceptors, we have taken two hetero-atom themed approaches. First, we have studied the acenequinone as an electron-accepting chromophore.4 Further, we replaced the terminal aromatic rings with heterocycles, such as furan or thiophene. In order to enhance the crystal engineering versatility of the chromophore, we utilize c-fused heterocycles (rather than the more commonly used b-fused cycles seen in e.g. anthradithiophenes). The c-fused acenequinones can be tetra-functionalized with silylethynyl groups to influence crystal packing and increase solubility.5 The silylethyne groups are known to increase the photostability and lower the energy gap (Eg) of pentacenes.5 The functionalization of the silylethyne groups also aids in lowering the lowest unoccupied orbital (LUMO) of acene structures.5
Formoterol fumarate and roxithromycin effects on muscle mass in an animal model of cancer cachexia (2008)

Our study probed the effects of the β-2 adrenergic agonist, formoterol and the macrolide antibiotic, roxithromycin, on muscle wasting in a well-characterized animal model of cancer cachexia. Female Wistar rats were inoculated with Yoshida AH130 ascites hepatoma (AH) cells to induce rapid and severe cachexia as demonstrated by wet weight determinations of the hearts, gastrocnemius muscles and carcasses. The control animals received saline (vehicle) inoculations. The AH-inoculated rats were treated once daily for four days by i.p. injection with a vehicle control, 1 mg/kg formoterol, 5 and 50 mg/kg roxithromycin or 1 mg/kg formoterol plus 5, 25, 40 and 50 mg/kg roxithromycin. The saline-inoculated animals were treated by i.p. injection with vehicle control, 1 mg/kg formoterol, 5 and 40 mg/kg roxithromycin. As a result, formoterol alone reduced the loss of muscle mass in the AH-inoculated rats by approximately one-half, consistent with literature reports. Roxithromycin alone at 5 mg/kg did not affect muscle mass in the AH-inoculated rats. Roxithromycin given alone at 50 mg/kg reduced the loss of muscle mass in AH-inoculated animals by approximately one-half. With respect to the antagonizing muscle loss, formoterol combined with either 5 or 25 mg/kg roxithromycin did not reach statistical significance versus formoterol alone, while formoterol plus either 40 or 50 mg/kg roxithromycin enhanced protection against muscle loss versus formoterol alone. The gastrocnemius weights in the AH-inoculated rats treated with formoterol combined with 40 mg/kg roxithromycin were not significantly different from the muscle weights in the saline-inoculated controls. To sum up, formoterol and roxithromycin apparently exert anti-cachectic effects in an additive fashion and may offer the potential for combination therapy in cachexia.
Blind equalization using the constant modulus algorithm (2002)

The constant modulus algorithm (CMA) proposed by Godard (1980) and Treichler (1983) is an effective technique for blind receiver design in practice. A geometrical approach, generalized from an approach of Zeng and Tong (see Proc. 28th Conf. Information Science and Systems, Princeton, NJ, 1996), is presented that related the CMA with the well-known minimum mean square error (MMSE) receivers. Given the MSE and the inter-symbol/user interference of an MMSE receiver, a CMA local minimum is located in a neighborhood nearby. The MSE bounds of the CMA receiver are also derived. This analysis reveals some close relationships between the CMA and MMSE receivers in both the parameter and the output spaces. The analysis shows that, while in some cases, the CMA receiver performs almost as well as the (nonblind) MMSE receiver, it is also possible that, due to its blind nature, the CMA may perform considerably worse than a nonblind MMSE design.
Combinatorial search for diagnostic agents: Lyme antibody H9724 as an example (1998)

Two peptide libraries, Ac-MXXXXXBBRM and Ac-VXXXXXBBRM, were constructed on TentaGel solid support to search for ligands that bind tightly with the H9724 Lyme antibody. By using an on-bead ELISA, approximately 120 ligands were selected as candidates for further study. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry analysis of the candidate ligands indicated a high rate of occurrence of certain amino acids at the randomized positions. On the basis of the initial screening results, a small library was designed and iteratively synthesized. Subsequent library screenings led to the identification of four peptides, Ac-PQEEGX-NH2 (X = R, K, A, D), that showed specific affinity to the antibody. This combination of solid-phase screening and iterative synthesis is an effective strategy for rapid identification of ligands that bind tightly with disease-specific antibodies and should be applicable, at least in principle, to other ligand-receptor systems. This combinatorial library approach can also be a useful tool for the discovery of novel diagnostic agents.
Synthesis and Properties of Heterocyclic Substituted 1,2-Enedithiolates of Nickel, Palladium, and Platinum (1997)

A convenient new synthetic route to metallo-1,2-enedithiolates was applied to the synthesis of (dppe)M{S2C2(heterocycle)(H)}; dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenyldiphosphino)ethane, M = Ni, Pd, and Pt, and heterocycle = 2-quinoxaline, 2-, 3-, and 4-pyridine, and 2-pyrazine. These complexes were prepared from the corresponding bis(hydrosulfido) complexes (dppe)M(SH)2 and the α-bromo ketones, heterocycle−C(O)CH2Br. In the solid state, (dppe)Ni{S2C2(2-pyrazine)(H)} is a slightly distorted square plane with a planar five-membered metallo-1,2-enedithiolate ring. The metallo-1,2-dithiolate is ≈6° from being coplanar with the pyrazine ring. These complexes all have a UV−visible band assignable to an intraligand transition (ILCT) that is best described as a 1,2-enedithiolate π → heterocycle π* charge transfer transition. The energy of the ILCT transition tracks with the reduction potential of the appended aromatic heterocycle. The pKa of the protonated complexes is 1−3 units higher than that of the parent heterocycle, independent of the metal, and consistent with resonance stabilization of the protonated heterocycle by the 1,2-enedithiolate ligand.
Influence of Starch on Strength of Wheat Flour. (1923)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of Starch on Strength of Wheat Flour.J. H. Buchanan and G. G. NaudainCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1923, 15, 10, 1050–1051Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1923Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1923https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50166a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50166a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A COMPARISON OF SCREENING TESTS TO DETECT ABNORMAL MILK1 (1969)

The results of the Feulgen-DNA-color optical density and score, the California mastitis test (CMT) score, viscosity developed in milk samples by addition of equal volume of CMT reagent, the catalase test, the (direct microscopic count bf leucocytes, and the proportion of live leucocytes were compared using fresh, quarter, and bucket milk samples and 1 to 2 day old bulk milk samples. The Feulgen-DNA-color gave. good correlations with all the tests in all types of samples, except with the CMT of bulk samples. The CMT score and viscosity gave good correlations with all the tests on fresh milk samples and insignificant correlation with stored milk samples. The catalase test gave good correlations with all other tests in fresh samples and low but significant correlations with stored samples. Quarter and bucket milk samples contained 71% and 74% live leucocytes and bulk milk samples contained 42% live leucocytes. Holding of milk at 5 C for 5 days did not significantly change the Feulgen-DNA-color and catalase activity, slightly increased total leucocyte counts, but gradually decreased the CMT score, the viscosity, and the proportion of live leucocytes. The Feulgcn-DNA-color of milk samples containing few millions of leucocytes and the direct microscopic count of total, leucocytes gave poor reproducibility.
Short range wireless channel prediction using local information (2004)

Wireless channels change due to the mobility of users, which coupled with system delays, causes outdated channel state information (CSI) to be used for transmitter optimization techniques such as adaptive modulation. Channel prediction allows the system to adapt modulation methods to an estimated future CSI. The primary contribution of this paper is a low complexity channel prediction method using polynomial approximation. The method is local in the sense that only a few previous channel samples are required to estimate the next CSI. The computational complexity of the proposed method is demonstrated to be negligible compared to previous methods. Simulation results show that the proposed method accurately tracks slowly to moderately fading channels. The proposed method's usefulness is demonstrated by applying it to a multiuser OFDM system. As an example, a multiuser OFDM with a system delay of 5 ms and a Doppler spread of 40 Hz loses about 17% of its capacity due to imperfect CSI. Using the proposed algorithm to predict the CSI, the capacity loss is less than 1%.
Genetic Determinants of Altered Virulence of Taiwanese Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (2000)

In 1997, a devastating outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Taiwan was caused by a serotype O virus (referred to here as OTai) with atypical virulence. It produced high morbidity and mortality in swine but did not affect cattle. We have defined the genetic basis of the species specificity of OTai by evaluating the properties of genetically engineered chimeric viruses created from OTai and a bovine-virulent FMD virus. These studies have shown that an altered nonstructural protein, 3A, is a primary determinant of restricted growth on bovine cells in vitro and significantly contributes to bovine attenuation of OTai in vivo.
Atomic resolution ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy of epitaxial diamond (100) films (1995)

We report atomic resolution images of chemical vapor deposition grown epitaxial diamond (100) films obtained in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) with a scanning tunneling microscope. A (2×1) dimer surface reconstruction and amorphous atomic regions are observed. The (2×1) unit cell is measured to be 0.51±0.01×0.25±0.01 nm2. The amorphous regions are identified as amorphous carbon. A radial structure 1.5 nm in diameter is observed on a plane at a 20° slope to the (2×1) surface. Tunneling current versus voltage spectra in UHV and Raman spectra are also obtained.