gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NECROLOGY. (1888)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Discrete Graph Hashing (2014)

Hashing has emerged as a popular technique for fast nearest neighbor search in gi-gantic databases. In particular, learning based hashing has received considerable attention due to its appealing storage and search efficiency. However, the perfor-mance of most unsupervised learning based hashing methods deteriorates rapidly as the hash code length increases. We argue that the degraded performance is due to inferior optimization procedures used to achieve discrete binary codes. This paper presents a graph-based unsupervised hashing model to preserve the neigh-borhood structure of massive data in a discrete code space. We cast the graph hashing problem into a discrete optimization framework which directly learns the binary codes. A tractable alternating maximization algorithm is then proposed to explicitly deal with the discrete constraints, yielding high-quality codes to well capture the local neighborhoods. Extensive experiments performed on four large datasets with up to one million samples show that our discrete optimization based graph hashing method obtains superior search accuracy over state-of-the-art un-supervised hashing methods, especially for longer codes. 1
LDPC Code-Design for the Relay Channel (2006)

We propose LDPC code designs for the half-duplex relay channel.Our designs are derived from the information theoretic random coding scheme for decode-and-forward relaying.An important advantage of our scheme is that it is built entirely of single-user codes.The optimization of relay LDPC code profiles presents unique challenges, which are met by modifying the density evolution algorithm by introducing additional constraints for relaying.To speed up optimization, we use a Gaussian approximation of density evolution that converts the infinite dimensional code profile optimization into a simple linear programming problem.The thresholds of the discovered relay code profiles are a fraction of a dB from the achievable lower bound for decode-and-forward relaying.
Operation System for Hydraulic Excavator for Deep Trench Works (1988)

Operation System for Hydraulic Excavator for Deep Trench Works Tomoaki Sakai, Kenji Cho Pages 709-716 (1988 Proceedings of the 5th ISARC, Tokyo, Japan, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: Results of the experimental analysis of the operation system of a hydraulic excavator for deep trench works are described in this paper. The system of the operation of a hydraulic excavator has a hierarchical structure. The system is a sequentially controlled system which is consists of several partial systems in rough figures. And also there are various job items in each separated state of operations. Since these operations are organized in a network system as the event driven system, the analysis of the operation system is came to describe the conditions which drive the system by using measure values of the system condition. As such physical values, displacement and velocity of hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic pressure values of the cylinders are used. As the results of analysis, methods of determining the time at a bucket is in contact with the ground, over loading and the end of the excavation are presented in this paper. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1988/0080 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Problem-based learning. (2004)

Problem-based learning has been used in medical school in a number of different countries around the world for over 50 years, with both undergraduate and graduate students. Instead of the traditional lectures, laboratory practical classes and tutorial system of education, students in small groups are presented with a problem that they must try to solve. They are assisted by a 'facilitator' who helps them formulate the problem and generally advises them but does not supply information. The students have to decide what information they need to solve the problem, find it and communicate it to the others in the group. At this stage a solution may be apparent, but several more group discussions to reformulate the problem followed by re-iterations of the information seeking process may be needed before a solution can be found. The theory is that because information is sought and presented in a relevant context, it is valued and is more likely to be remembered. At the end of the session student reflect on how they performed. Problem-based learning has been criticised from a number of points of view, especially that it does not present a coherent curriculum, the curriculum is not necessarily 'covered', and that in many medical schools the implementation has been less than optimal.
Wired Shut, Copyright and the Shape of Digital Culture (2009)

While the public and the media have been distracted by the story of Napster, warnings about the evils of "piracy, " and lawsuits by the recording and film industries, the enforcement of copyright law in the digital world has quietly shifted from regulating copying to regulating the design of technology. Lawmakers and commercial interests are pursuing what might be called a technical fix: instead of specifying what can and cannot be done legally with a copyrighted work, this new approach calls for the strategic use of encryption technologies to build standards of copyright directly into digital devices so that some uses are possible and others rendered impossible. In Wired Shut, Tarleton Gillespie examines this shift to "technical copy protection" and its profound political, economic, and cultural implications. Gillespie reveals that the real story is not the technological controls themselves but the political, economic, and cultural arrangements being put in place to make them work. He shows that this approach to digital copyright depends on new kinds of alliances among content and technology industries, legislators, regulators, and the courts, and is changing the relationship between law and technology in the process. The film and music industries, he claims, are deploying copyright in order to funnel digital culture into increasingly commercial patterns that threaten to undermine the democratic potential of a network society. In this broad context, Gillespie examines three recent controversies over digital copyright: the failed effort to develop copy protection for portable music players with the Strategic Digital Music Initiative (SDMI); the encryption system used in DVDs, and the film industry's legal response to the tools that challenged them; and the attempt by the FCC to mandate the "broadcast flag" copy protection system for digital television. In each, he argues that whether or not such technical constraints ever succeed, the political alignments required will profoundly shape the future of cultural expression in a digital age.
Cytological cell blocks: Predictors of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma subtypes (2010)

Fine needle aspirations biopsies, CT-guided and endobronchial ultrasound-guided, as a mode of diagnosing and/or staging lung carcinoma, are becoming more frequent. Also, there is greater necessity for classification of lung cancers into subcategories of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma for appropriate management. Cytomorphology, based on smears alone, allows this classification in many instances. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential of cell blocks to increase the specificity of diagnosis. The morphological characteristics of sixty-two lung carcinomas were examined. Less well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas were more readily classified as such on cell blocks. Likewise, cell block sections with architectural patterns including strips of cells, papillae and nests of cells correlated with bronchioalveolar, papillary and acinar/mixed subtypes of adenocarcinoma on follow-up histology. In conclusion, cell blocks provide additional morphological clues and material for ancillary studies for classification of lung carcinomas.
<i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i>Contains a Gene Encoding a Functional Rickettsia-Like ATP/ADP Translocase for Host Exploitation (2008)

ATP/ADP translocases are a hallmark of obligate intracellular pathogens related to chlamydiae and rickettsiae. These proteins catalyze the highly specific exchange of bacterial ADP against host ATP and thus allow bacteria to exploit their hosts' energy pool, a process also referred to as energy parasitism. The genome sequence of the obligate intracellular pathogen Lawsonia intracellularis (Deltaproteobacteria), responsible for one of the most economically important diseases in the swine industry worldwide, revealed the presence of a putative ATP/ADP translocase most similar to known ATP/ADP translocases of chlamydiae and rickettsiae (around 47% amino acid sequence identity). The gene coding for the putative ATP/ADP translocase of L. intracellularis (L. intracellularis nucleotide transporter 1 [NTT1(Li)]) was cloned and expressed in the heterologous host Escherichia coli. The transport properties of NTT1(Li) were determined by measuring the uptake of radioactively labeled substrates by E. coli. NTT1(Li) transported ATP in a counterexchange mode with ADP in a highly specific manner; the substrate affinities determined were 236.3 (+/- 36.5) microM for ATP and 275.2 (+/- 28.1) microM for ADP, identifying this protein as a functional ATP/ADP translocase. NTT1(Li) is the first ATP/ADP translocase from a bacterium not related to Chlamydiae or Rickettsiales, showing that energy parasitism by ATP/ADP translocases is more widespread than previously recognized. The occurrence of an ATP/ADP translocase in L. intracellularis is explained by a relatively recent horizontal gene transfer event with rickettsiae as donors.
Characterization of prostanoid relaxant/inhibitory receptors (ψ) using a highly selective agonist, TR4979 (1986)

TR4979, an analogue of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was evaluated on respiratory and non-respiratory isolated tissues known to contain heterogeneous or homogeneous populations of the two classes of prostanoid (prostaglandins and thromboxanes) receptors. These receptors are classified as 'chi' the contractant/stimulant receptor with 'chi 1,2,3' being three subdivisions and 'psi' the relaxant/inhibitory receptor(s). On a respiratory tissue (cat trachea) containing predominantly 'psi'-receptors, TR4979 was 26 times less potent than PGE1 or PGE2. On other respiratory tissues known to contain mixtures of the 'chi 1,2,3'- and 'psi'-receptors (guinea-pig trachea and lung strip, cat lung strip and human bronchial muscle), TR4979 consistently acted as a potent relaxant whereas PGE2 and to a lesser extent PGE1 had significant contractant activities. Human pregnant uterus, guinea-pig and rat pseudo-pregnant uteri, rat colon and fundic strips and chick ileum are known to contain one or more of the three subclasses of the 'chi'-receptor. TR4979 (10(-9) -10(-5) M) was inactive on all these tissues whereas all of the reference prostanoids were contractants of varying potencies. PGE1 and histamine-induced contractions of the guinea-pig isolated ileum were both non-competitively antagonized by increasing concentrations of TR4979 suggesting that 'psi'-receptors also exist on this tissue. TR4979 is a highly selective agonist of prostanoid 'psi' (relaxant/inhibitory)-receptors which at present have been demonstrated to exist mainly in the lung. This prostaglandin analogue is a useful new selective pharmacological tool for revealing as yet unidentified prostanoid 'psi'-receptors and actions in a wide range of non-respiratory tissues/organs such as the guinea-pig ileum.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Applications of Multifluorescent Silica Nanoparticles (2007)

Multifluorescent silica nanoparticles were synthesized by the Stöber method using conjugates of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and fluorescent dye-N-hydroxysuccinimide esters. The nanoparticles containing the fluorescent dyes were well dispersed and showed high, stable, and tunable fluorescence intensities. In addition, we prepared multifluorescent silica nanoparticles containing two kinds of fluorescent dyes and used the nanoparticles in biological applications. Flow cytometry analysis showed high and tuned fluorescence and multiple fluorescences from single nanoparticles with diameters of approximately 400 nm. Fluorescence microscopy analysis also showed high and tuned fluorescence, as well as multiple fluorescences from single nanoparticles and from cells labeled with multifluorescent silica nanoparticles. The intracellular distribution of nanoparticles was evaluated by confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. We discuss the advantages and demonstrate the usefulness of our nanoparticles in relation to commercially available fluorescent nanoparticles including quantum dots.
Free radical reactions photosensitized by the human lens component, kynurenine: An EPR and spin trapping investigation (1996)

We have undertaken electron paramagnetic resonance and spin trapping investigations of the photochemistry of kynurenine (KN), a natural component of the human eye and close analog of the principal chromophore in the young human lens 3-OH-kynurenine O-glucoside (3HKG). 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) was employed as a spin trap. We found that upon UV irradiation (> 300 nm) KN photoreduces oxygen to superoxide radical (in DMSO) and nitromethane (CH3NO2) to a nitromethane radical anion (CH3NO2.-) (in air-free buffers, pH 7 and 9.5). KN also sensitized photooxidation of cysteine, NADH, EDTA, azide, and ascorbate; oxygen greatly accelerated this process. Oxidation of cysteine, NADH, and EDTA was accompanied by superoxide radical formation. Cysteinyl and azidyl radicals were detected as DMPO adducts. We also observed that KN undergoes photodegradation to a product(s) whose photosensitizing capacity is greater than that of KN itself. We postulate that: (i) 3HKG may be able to photoinitiate free radical reactions in vivo, and (ii) oxygen is an important factor determining the yields of free radical processes initiated by lenticular chromophores.
Focal adhesion disassembly requires clathrin‐dependent endocytosis of integrins (2009)

Cell migration requires the controlled disassembly of focal adhesions, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that adhesion turnover is mediated through dynamin- and clathrin-dependent endocytosis of activated beta1 integrins. Consistent with this, clathrin and the clathrin adaptors AP-2 and disabled-2 (DAB2) distribute along with dynamin 2 to adhesion sites prior to adhesion disassembly. Moreover, knockdown of either dynamin 2 or both clathrin adaptors blocks beta1 integrin internalization, leading to impaired focal adhesion disassembly and cell migration. Together, these results provide important insight into the mechanisms underlying adhesion disassembly and identify novel components of the disassembly pathway.
Phosphate availability affects the thylakoid lipid composition and the expression of <i>SQD1</i> , a gene required for sulfolipid biosynthesis in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (1998)

Photosynthetic membranes of higher plants contain specific nonphosphorous lipids like the sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol in addition to the ubiquitous phospholipid phosphatidylglycerol. In bacteria, an environmental factor that drastically affects thylakoid lipid composition appears to be the availability of phosphate. Accordingly, we discovered an increase in the relative amount of sulfolipid and a concomitant decrease in phosphatidylglycerol in Arabidopsis thaliana grown on medium with reduced amounts of phosphate, as well as in the pho1 mutant of A. thaliana deficient in phosphate transport. To investigate the molecular basis of the observed change in lipid composition, we isolated a cDNA of A. thaliana, designated SQD1, that encodes a protein involved in sulfolipid biosynthesis as suggested by three lines of evidence. First, the cDNA shows high sequence similarity to bacterial sqdB genes known to be essential for sulfolipid biosynthesis; second, the SQD1 gene product is imported into chloroplasts where sulfolipid biosynthesis takes place; and third, transgenic plants expressing SQD1 in antisense orientation show a reduction in sulfolipid content. In the pho1 mutant as well as in wild-type plants grown under reduced phosphate availability, increased amounts of SQD1 mRNA and SQD1 protein are detected, suggesting that the increase in sulfolipid content under phosphate limitation is the result of an increased expression of at least one gene required for sulfolipid biosynthesis in A. thaliana. It is suggested that a certain amount of anionic thylakoid lipid is maintained by substituting sulfolipid for phosphatidylglycerol under reduced phosphate availability.
Cell‐free systems for capsid assembly of primate lentiviruses from three different lineages (2004)

We recently demonstrated that capsids from three main primate lentiviral lineages appear to form via a pathway of assembly intermediates in primate cells. Retroviral capsid assembly intermediates were initially identified and characterized using a cell-free system for assembly of immature HIV-1 capsids. Because cell-free capsid assembly systems are useful tools, we are interested in developing such systems for other primate lentiviruses besides HIV-1. Here we extend previous cell-free studies by showing that Gag proteins of HIV-2, from a second primate lentiviral lineage, progress from early intermediates to late intermediates and completed capsids over time. Additionally, we demonstrate that Gag proteins of SIVagm, from a third primate lentiviral lineage, associate with the cellular factor HP68 and complete assembly in this system. Therefore, cell-free systems reproduce assembly of Gag from three main primate lentiviral lineages, and can be used to compare mechanistic features of capsid assembly of genetically divergent primate lentiviruses.
Peripheral Blood Cells from Patients with Autoimmune Addison's Disease Poorly Respond to Interferons <i>In Vitro</i> , Despite Elevated Serum Levels of Interferon-Inducible Chemokines (2015)

Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is a disorder caused by an immunological attack on the adrenal cortex. The interferon (IFN)-inducible chemokine CXCL10 is elevated in serum of AAD patients, suggesting a peripheral IFN signature. However, CXCL10 can also be induced in adrenocortical cells stimulated with IFNs, cytokines, or microbial components. We therefore investigated whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AAD patients display an enhanced propensity to produce CXCL10 and the related chemokine CXCL9, after stimulation with type I or II IFNs or the IFN inducer poly (I:C). Although serum levels of CXCL10 and CXCL9 were significantly elevated in patients compared with controls, IFN stimulated patient PBMC produced significantly less CXCL10/CXCL9 than control PBMC. Low CXCL10 production was not significantly associated with medication, disease duration, or comorbidities, but the low production of poly (I:C)-induced CXCL10 among patients was associated with an AAD risk allele in the phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) gene. PBMC levels of total STAT1 and -2, and IFN-induced phosphorylated STAT1 and -2, were not significantly different between patients and controls. We conclude that PBMC from patients with AAD are deficient in their response to IFNs, and that the adrenal cortex itself may be responsible for the increased serum levels of CXCL10.
Fault-tolerant bosonic quantum error correction with the surface-GKP code (2019)

Bosonic quantum error correction is a viable option for realizing error-corrected quantum information processing in continuous-variable bosonic systems. Various single-mode bosonic quantum error-correcting codes such as cat, binomial, and GKP codes have been implemented experimentally in circuit QED and trapped ion systems. Moreover, there have been many theoretical proposals to scale up such single-mode bosonic codes to realize large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, we consider the concatenation of the single-mode GKP code with the surface code, namely, the surface-GKP code. In particular, we thoroughly investigate the performance of the surface-GKP code by assuming realistic GKP states with a finite squeezing and noisy circuit elements due to photon losses. By using a minimum-weight perfect matching decoding algorithm on a 3D space-time graph, we show that fault-tolerant quantum error correction is possible with the surface-GKP code if the squeezing of the GKP states is higher than 11.2dB in the case where the GKP states are the only noisy elements. We also show that the squeezing threshold changes to 18:6dB when both the GKP states and circuit elements are comparably noisy. At this threshold, each circuit component fails with probability 0.69%. Finally, if the GKP states are noiseless, fault-tolerant quantum error correction with the surface-GKP code is possible if each circuit element fails with probability less than 0.81%. We stress that our decoding scheme uses the additional information from GKP-stabilizer measurements and we provide a simple method to compute renormalized edge weights of the matching graphs. Furthermore, our noise model is general as it includes full circuit-level noise.
Serum Cardiac Glycoside Assay Based upon Displacement of <sup>3</sup> H-Ouabain from Na-K ATPase (1972)

An assay of serum digoxin and other cardiac glycosides by displacement of 3 H-ouabain from Na-K ATPase is described. It is rapidly set up by any laboratory with a liquid scintillation counter. It can also assay digitalis leaf, digitoxin, and gitalin (Gitaligin), and has uncovered unsuspected administration of them. The assay takes less than 1 hour. No quench correction of counts is required. One technician can assay 30 samples/day with results that afternoon. No interfering compounds have been found in over 1,800 assays. It is unaffected by lung scans. Incidence of toxicity from digoxin is 10%, 25%, and 50% at serum levels of 1.4, 2.0, and 2.9 ng/ml, respectively. Toxic levels of digitalis and digitoxin are usually over 40 ng/ml. Serum digoxin levels are also highly correlated with computed total-body concentrations of digoxin, obtained from data of dosage, route of administration, and the patient's weight and renal function. Physicians may now select a serum digoxin level and computed total-body concentration of digoxin which are associated with an incidence of arrhythmias which they feel is reasonable for the urgency of each patient's clinical situation. These selected serum levels are associated with specific loading and maintenance dosage regimens, individualized to that patient's body weight, renal function, and route of digoxin administration.