gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A graph model for face-to-face assembly (2003)

The authors briefly recapitulate the face-to-face composition (FFC) model for the representation and manipulation of topological and geometric entities. They then summarize L.S. Homem de Mello's and A. Sanderson's (1988) proposal for assembly planning. It is shown that the assembly AND/OR graph proposed by L.S. Homem de Mello and A. Sanderson for task planning is an efficient data structure showing all possible assembly sequences. It can be obtained directly from the FFC model by a sequence of component-merging operations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Regularization Parameter Selection for Nonlinear Iterative Image Restoration and MRI Reconstruction Using GCV and SURE-Based Methods (2012)

Regularized iterative reconstruction algorithms for imaging inverse problems require selection of appropriate regularization parameter values. We focus on the challenging problem of tuning regularization parameters for nonlinear algorithms for the case of additive (possibly complex) Gaussian noise. Generalized cross-validation (GCV) and (weighted) mean-squared error (MSE) approaches (based on Steinfs Unbiased Risk Estimate. SURE) need the Jacobian matrix of the nonlinear reconstruction operator (representative of the iterative algorithm) with respect to the data. We derive the desired Jacobian matrix for two types of nonlinear iterative algorithms: a fast variant of the standard iterative reweighted least-squares method and the contemporary split-Bregman algorithm, both of which can accommodate a wide variety of analysis- and synthesis-type regularizers. The proposed approach iteratively computes two weighted SURE-type measures: Predicted-SURE and Projected-SURE (that require knowledge of noise variance Ð2), and GCV (that does not need Ð2) for these algorithms. We apply the methods to image restoration and to magnetic resonance image (MRI) reconstruction using total variation (TV) and an analysis-type .1-regularization. We demonstrate through simulations and experiments with real data that minimizing Predicted-SURE and Projected-SURE consistently lead to near-MSE-optimal reconstructions. We also observed that minimizing GCV yields reconstruction results that are near-MSE-optimal for image restoration and slightly suboptimal for MRI. Theoretical derivations in this work related to Jacobian matrix evaluations can be extended, in principle, to other types of regularizers and reconstruction algorithms.
Pulsed Eddy Current Technology: Characterizing Material Loss with Gap and Lift-off Variations (2001)

Abstract Ownership costs of operational aircraft have increased steadily over the years. One of the major cost drivers is structural deterioration due to corrosion. Beyond the economics, finding and characterizing corrosion is essential for the continued airworthiness of aircraft fleets. To this end, the pulsed eddy current technique holds the potential of becoming the primary means of detecting corrosion in multilayered structures. Its wide-band frequency spectrum allows the determination of a large number of parameters, such as defect size and location. Pulsed eddy current is still considered an experimental nondestructive technique because of realistic inspection problems (e.g., probe tilting, protrusion of rivets, and thickness variations in adhesive and paint) have not been addressed in the past. Recent advances change this situation and allow pulsed eddy current to be a credible field technique.
How the Blues are using health care data. (1993)

Insurers are investing in information technology to provide the data that are essential to the management of their delivery systems. A Blue Cross and Blue Shield medical director explains some practical applications, including outcomes evaluation, provider selection and practice pattern comparisons.
Value of Community Pharmacists' Interventions to Correct Prescribing Errors (1992)

Clinical pharmacy services can and do create significant value by enhancing the achievement of positive patient outcomes and by avoiding negative outcomes. Research to develop reliable methods for measuring and monitoring the value of clinical pharmacy services must continue. Mechanisms must be created to encourage and reward pharmacists who consistently provide services that add measurable value to patient care.
Bend-insensitive and low-splice-loss optical fiber for indoor wiring in FTTH (2004)

A bend-insensitive fiber with a trench index profile is presented. A bending loss of 0.1dB/turn at 1650 nm for a bending diameter of 20 mm and MFD of 8.1 /spl mu/m at 1310 nm was realized simultaneously.
Mobility enhancement technology (2006)

The appropriate external stress can enhance device and circuit performance. The 7.4% speed enhancement is achieved for the 250 nm node ring oscillator under uniaxial tensile strain for mutually perpendicular layout of the NFET and the PFET. The speed enhancement is less than 1.5% for the conventional parallel layout of the NFET and the PFET. The ultra thin strained Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> quantum well channel (~5 nm) directly grown on Si substrate is also demonstrated. The SiGe quantum well channel using Pt Schottky barrier and SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gate dielectrics reveals a ~3.2times current enhancement and ~3times mobility enhancement as compared to the bulk Si PFET. The compressive strain on SiGe quantum well can further enhance the hole mobility in Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> channel
Folded design of AWG multiplexer/demutiplexer (2003)

An original folded AWG multiplexer/demultiplexer has been fabricated, measured and analytically compared to a conventional unfolded design. The present analysis demonstrates that for equal length and high channel count the folded design provides significantly lower “worst case” losses and approximately 1.5 time larger free spectral range than conventional AWG multiplexer/demultiplexer.
THE REGULARITIES IN THE MELTING POINTS OF SOME CRYSTALLINE DERIVATIVES OF VARIOUS ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS<sup>1</sup> (1929)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE REGULARITIES IN THE MELTING POINTS OF SOME CRYSTALLINE DERIVATIVES OF VARIOUS ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS1G. B. Malone and E. Emmet ReidCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1929, 51, 11, 3424–3427Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1929Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1929https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01386a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01386a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolated fructose malabsorption. (1990)

A patient with isolated fructose malabsorption presented with diarrhoea and colic during the first year of life and subsequently responded to a fructose free diet. Fructose malabsorption has been implicated in some cases of irritable bowel syndrome in adults and may also be an infrequently recognised cause of gastrointestinal symptoms in children.
Use of the Moses Technology to Improve Holmium Laser Lithotripsy Outcomes: A Preclinical Study (2017)

The Moses technology resulted in more efficient laser lithotripsy, in addition to significantly reduced stone retropulsion, and displayed a margin of safety that may result in a shorter procedural time and safer lithotripsy.
Induction of IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells by antigenic peptides altered for TCR binding (1997)

The adaptive immune responses to foreign Ags are primarily regulated by the cytokines produced by CD4 T cells. The generation of distinct cytokine-producing T cell subsets has been shown to be influenced by a number of factors, including cytokines, different types of APCs, and the amounts of priming Ag. We have previously reported that the affinity of an antigenic peptide for its presenting MHC class II molecules and that different doses of Ag peptide affect the outcome of the functional CD4 T cell response. In the current study, we further examined the impact of the affinity of an antigenic peptide for its TCR on CD4 T cell priming. We generated a panel of Ag peptide variants mutated at positions known to be critical for binding to a well-characterized TCR (known as altered peptide ligands, or APLs). Compared with the WT peptide, these APLs are defective in stimulating the proliferative responses of T cells. However, they can effectively prime in vitro naive CD4 T cells for differentiation into both Th1-like and Th2-like cells. In contrast, the WT peptide primes only for IFN-gamma-producing Th1-like cells. Using highly purified dendritic cells as APCs to present the APL or WT peptide leads to the same pattern of priming as using total splenic APCs. These results indicate that priming by APLs for both IL-4 production and IFN-gamma production does not require two different types of APCs. In summary, our data indicate that APL can directly stimulate naive CD4 T cells to become Th2 effector cells.
The Paths of Ions in the Cyclotron I. Orbits in the Magnetic Field (1938)

Bethe and Rose maintain in a recent letter and paper that a maximum energy for the beam from a cyclotron is fixed by the incompatibility of the conditions for resonance and focusing when the relativity increase of mass with velocity is taken into account. It is shown below that, while this result holds for a radially symmetrical magnetic field, it is not necessarily true in general; and that for a field varying with polar angle there is an additional focusing effect. If the relative variation of the field with polar angle is of the order of the ratio of the velocity of the ion to the velocity of light, this focusing effect will compensate the defocusing effect of Bethe and Rose. It is shown further that if this variation has period $\frac{\ensuremath{\pi}}{2}$, a family of stable periodic orbits exists which are nearly concentric circles. The second order effects due to the simultaneous action of the variations with polar angle of the magnetic field and the accelerating electric field will be considered in a second paper.
Holographic measurements of anisotropic three-dimensional diffusion of colloidal clusters (2013)

We measure all nonzero elements of the three-dimensional diffusion tensor D for clusters of colloidal spheres to a precision of 1% or better using digital holographic microscopy. We study both dimers and triangular trimers of spheres, for which no analytical calculations of the diffusion tensor exist. We observe anisotropic rotational and translational diffusion arising from the asymmetries of the clusters. In the case of the three-particle triangular cluster, we also detect a small but statistically significant difference in the rotational diffusion about the two in-plane axes. We attribute this difference to weak breaking of threefold rotational symmetry due to a small amount of particle polydispersity. Our experimental measurements agree well with numerical calculations and show how diffusion constants can be measured under conditions relevant to colloidal self-assembly, where theoretical and even numerical prediction is difficult.
Computer-aided circuit analysis tools for RFIC simulation: algorithms, features, and limitations (2000)

The design of the radio frequency (RF) section in a communication integrated circuit (IC) is a challenging problem. Although several computer-aided analysis tools are available for RFIC design, they are not effectively used, because there is a lack of understanding about their features and limitations. These tools provide fast simulation of RFICs. However, no single tool delivers a complete solution for RFIC design. This paper describes the shortcomings of conventional SPICE-like simulators and the analyses required for RF applications with an emphasis on accurate and efficient simulation of distortion and noise. Various analysis methods, such as harmonic balance, shooting method, mixed frequency-time methods, and envelope methods, that are currently available for RFIC simulation are presented. Commercial simulators are compared in terms of their functionalities and limitations. The key algorithmic features and the simulator-specific terminology are described.
Broad spectrum of in vivo fitness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subpopulations differing at reverse transcriptase codons 41 and 215 (1997)

Viral populations in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individual behave as a quasispecies with a rated distribution of fitness variants. Fitness distributions in naturally occurring viral populations have been difficult to study due to the lack of markers for individual virus clones and complicating inter- and intrahost factors like the presence of multiple cell types with distinct tropisms, differences in route of transmission, and intervening immunity. Here, we quantitated the relative fitness in vivo of three subpopulations of HIV-1 marked by mutations at codons 41 and 215 of reverse transcriptase (RT) directly related to zidovudine resistance in an untreated individual who was infected by a zidovudine-resistant strain transmitted from a donor on therapy. The transmission event did not have a substantial impact on the distribution of mutants within the dominant virus population replicating to high levels in the recipient. The evolution of the RT gene was monitored for 20 months. All 102 clones obtained from the donor and the recipient at the different time points contained the M41L mutation, which is associated with a fourfold reduction in zidovudine sensitivity. The leucine at position 41 was stable, although it was encoded by TTG and CTG triplets that fluctuated in abundance partially due to founder effects of clones with nonsilent mutations at codon 215. Of the three subpopulations in the patient, distinguished by a tyrosine (TAC), aspartic acid (GAC), or serine (TCC) at the 215 position of RT, the relative fitness of the GAC variant was calculated to be 10 to 25% higher than the initial TAC variant, and the relative fitness of the TCC variant was 1% higher than that of the GAC variant. Similar to other RNA viruses, lentivirus populations like HIV-1 in patients with a high virus load apparently consist of a broader spectrum of fitness variants than the 1 to 2% fitness difference sufficient for significant replicative advantage.
Asymmetric multiprocessing for simultaneous multithreading processors (2006)

Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) has become common in commercially available processors with hardware support for dual contexts of execution. However, performance of SMT systems has been disappointing for many applications. Consequently, many SMT systems are operated in a single-context configuration to achieve better average throughput, depending on the application domain. This paper first examines the performance of several benchmarks programs in both uniprocessor mode (one hardware thread context) and SMT mode (two contexts) on a Hyperthreaded Pentium 4. Based these results, three classes of applications can be distinguished: 1) those that prefer to execute in SMT, 2) those that prefer uniprocessor-mode, and 3) those that do not care. Our classification takes into account two aspects: (a) the performance of the application itself when sharing the system and (b) the performance of other applications whose concurrent execution is being affected. The paper introduces a novel bi-modal scheduler for Linux that continuously alternates between two distinct modes: SMT and UNI. The SMT mode uses the standard Linux SMP scheduler with its support for SMT while the UNI mode uses the standard uniprocessor scheduler, activating only one hardware context. Thus, the system alternates between operating as an SMT and operating as a uniprocessor even though its hardware is multithreaded. An application labeled as UNI will only execute in the UNI mode phase while SMT applications run concurrently. In addition, we provide a third class, called ANY, for processes that are agnostic with regard to SMT. Need a results sentence here! 1.
Growth hormone induces a DNA binding factor related to the interferon-stimulated 91-kDa transcription factor. (1994)

Signaling mechanisms leading to regulation of gene transcription by growth hormone (GH) and other molecules that signal via the cytokine receptor family have been elusive. Based upon recent findings that GH and interferons activate JAK family tyrosine kinases, we have identified a novel signaling pathway leading from the GH receptor to the nucleus. We report that in 3T3-F442A fibroblasts, GH stimulates tyrosyl phosphorylation of a protein recognized by antibody to p91, a component of DNA-binding complexes that are activated by tyrosyl phosphorylation in response to interferons alpha and gamma. In addition, a GH-inducible DNA binding factor (GHIF) is identified that binds to the c-sis-inducible element of the c-fos promoter. GHIF contains a protein antigenically related to p91 and is tyrosyl-phosphorylated. These findings indicate that in signaling between their receptors and the nucleus, GH and interferons utilize related or identical components, including JAK family tyrosine kinases and proteins in the p91 family. When combined with recent findings that many members of the cytokine receptor family activate JAK kinases, including some cytokines that activate p91-related proteins, these findings suggest that signaling pathways involving JAK kinases and p91 family members may be broadly distributed.
Maintenance of Ovarian Function and Risk of Premature Menopause Related to Cancer Treatment (2005)

Ovarian damage following cancer therapy is dependent on age at treatment as well as the type of therapeutic exposures. Older age and exposure to higher doses of alkylating agents and higher doses of radiation to the ovary are associated with a greater likelihood of ovarian failure. Acute loss of ovarian function during or shortly following treatment is relatively uncommon in females treated during childhood and adolescence but can be seen following myeloablative, alkylator-based cytoreduction (e.g., busulfan and cyclophosphamide) for stem cell transplant and following direct ovarian radiation with doses >10 Gy. For survivors who retain normal ovarian function after cancer therapy, there is an increased risk of premature menopause later in life. The risk factors associated with an early menopause include exposure to high doses of alkylating agents and abdomino-pelvic radiation.
Anomalous Spontaneous Emission Time in a Microscopic Optical Cavity (1987)

We have realized total electromagnetic mode confinement in a microscopic optical, Casimir-type, cavity and detected the resonant change of the molecular fluorescence time under short-pulse excitation due to a spontaneous-atomic-decay enhancement-inhibition process (Purcell effect). This corresponds to the first realization in optics of the resonant coupling of atoms with a single mode of the radiation field.
Self-aligned non-dispersive external cavity tunable laser (2008)

We are reporting on a novel self-aligned non-dispersive external cavity laser (ECL) based on thick volume holographic gratings (VHG). The ECL is tunable and operates with single mode and broad area multimode laser diodes. We experimentally demonstrate tunable single frequency operation at 405 nm and 785 nm. The tunable ECL concept is also experimentally tested with high power broad area laser diodes near 780 nm. The passive alignment feature of the cavity is expected to reduce the assembly cost of tunable ECLs.
Concentration of squalene from shark liver oil by short‐path distillation (2007)

Abstract Investigations on the concentration of squalene from shark liver oil using short‐path distillation are presented and compared to alternative techniques. Aspects of chemical composition analysis are discussed as well as physical and sensory properties. A product is obtained with squalene purities above 97% at feed flows of up to 7 kg/h and temperatures between 185 and 230 °C. In order to assure product quality, a simple refractive method is applied. Based on the presented study, scale‐up to industrial production is performed taking into account the complete process for obtaining an acceptable product with a neutral odor.
Advances in Neuroprotective Strategies: Potential Therapies for Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2010)

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with higher mortality and morbidity than any other form of stroke. However, there currently are no treatments proven to improve outcomes after ICH, and therefore, new effective therapies are urgently needed. Growing insight into ICH pathophysiology has led to the development of neuroprotective strategies that aim to improve the outcome through reduction of secondary pathologic processes. Many neuroprotectants target molecules or pathways involved in hematoma degradation, inflammation or apoptosis, and have demonstrated potential clinical benefits in experimental settings. We extensively reviewed the current understanding of ICH pathophysiology as well as promising experimental neuroprotective agents with particular focus on their mechanisms of action. Continued advances in ICH knowledge, increased understanding of neuroprotective mechanisms, and improvement in the ability to modulate molecular and pathologic events with multitargeting agents will lead to successful clinical trials and bench-to-bedside translation of neuroprotective strategies.
Static and dynamic characterization of 6.5kV, 100A SiC Bipolar PiN Diode modules (2012)

High voltage and high current SiC bipolar diode modules are fabricated and characterized under static and dynamic conditions. The modules are built using 6×6mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> SiC chips that are fabricated on 3" SiC substrates. Individual chips were also packaged in an ISOPLUS™ package and used to perform switching tests on the diodes. The modules have been fully characterized under static and dynamic conditions. These modules are targeted for high voltage, high frequency applications, as well as antiparallel diodes for 6.5kV IGBTs, IGCTs, and IEGTs.