gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of several adjuvant emulsion regimens for the production of polyclonal antisera in rabbits. (1991)

Emulsion adjuvants have been used for production of polyclonal antisera in rabbits (Oryctolagus cunniculi) for decades. Complete Freund's adjuvant has a reputation as a very effective immunoenhancer, but adverse physiological effects, including fever, inflammation and sterile abscess formation, have prompted a search for alternatives to complete Freund's. In this study, we quantitatively compared five adjuvant regimens: (a) a primary inoculation with complete Freund's followed by three boosts with incomplete Freund's; (b) four serial inoculations of incomplete Freund's adjuvant augmented with 6-bromoguanisine; (c) four serial inoculations with RIBI's MPL + TDM + CWS adjuvant emulsion; (d) four serial inoculations with Montanide ISA 50 emulsion; and (e) four serial inoculations with Montanide ISA 70 emulsion. We chose a small (12 amino acid) chain polypeptide coupled to bovine serum albumin as our test antigen. When compared, no system could be seen to be significantly better than a regimen of a primary immunization with complete Freund's adjuvant followed by serial reimmunization with incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The commercially available RIBI adjuvant produced significantly lower antibody levels, while other systems produced essentially equivalent levels. With all five adjuvants, antibody quantities plateaued after the second injection and further immunization did not increase titers significantly. Boost injections did yield greater intradermal tissue reaction than primary inoculations, and intramuscular inoculum volumes of 0.4 cc caused chronic lesions still detectable by the gross necropsy 2 weeks after the final injection.
Formation Of Shallow Junctions With TiN x O y /TiSi 2 Ohmic Contacts For Self-Aligned Silicide Technology (1987)

The formations of TiNx0y/TiSi2 bilayer on Si by rapid thermal nitridation of titanium silicide in NH3 as well as p+/n shallow junction using doped silicide technique have been studied. Results of the chemical stability of TiNx0v/TiSi7/Si in dilute HF, the effectiveness of TiNx0, on TiSi2 as a diffusion barrier Mr Al boron diffusion in Si02/TiSi,2/Si structure, the surface dopant concentration at the TiSi7/Si interface, and the junction quality are presented. It is found that TiNx0y/TiSi2 bilayer has good chemical stability in dilute HF for 60 sec and acts as an effeentive contact barrier between Al and Si substrate up to 500°C, 30 min. Shallow p±n junction with high boron concentration at the TiSO/Si interface has been formed. P-1-/n diodes and p-channel LDD MOSFETs fabricated using this technology show good I-V characteristics with a reverse leakage current on the order of 10-9A/cm.
Parallel algorithms for power estimation (1998)

Sev eral tec hniques currently exist for estimating the pow er dissipation of combinational and sequen tialcircuits using exhaustive sim ulation,Monte Carlo sampling, and probabilistic estimation. Exhaustive sim ulation and Monte Carlo sampling techniques can be highly reliable but often require long runtimes. This paper presents a comprehensive study of pattern-p artitioning and circuit-p artitioning parallelization schemes for those tw o methodologies in the con text of distributed-memory multiprocessing systems. Issues in pip eline dev ent-driv en simulation and dynamic load balancing are addressed. Experimental results are presented for an IBM SP-2 system and a netw ork of HP-9000 workstations. F or instance, runtimes have been reduced from over 3 hours to under 20 minutes in one case.
Face and arm-posture recognition for secure human-machine interaction (2008)

In this paper, we present a user identification technique based on face recognition for secure human-machine interaction. User's face is matched with the faces memorized by the machine, and if a match is found with a reliable matching score, the machine gets ready to accept the commands. Gabor Wavelet Transform coefficients are used as features for matching, and they are computed on a dedicated LSI to attain high computational speed. For matching, an algorithm based on the elastic graph matching is used, and that is also implemented on hardware. We also propose an arm tracking algorithm for communication with machines using arm gesture. The algorithm utilizes stereo vision to define search regions in left and right images iteratively, and looks for the arm posture by matching with a three dimensional four degrees-of-freedom kinematics-based arm model. Tracking procedure is computationally efficient, robust to small occlusions, and works in unconstrained environment, which makes it suitable for general applications in human-machine interaction.
On the Integration of Application Level and Resource Level QoS Control for Real-Time Applications (2010)

We consider a dynamic set of soft real-time applications using a set of shared resources. Each application can execute in different modes, each one associated with a level of Quality-of-Service (QoS). Resources, in their turn, have different modes, each one with a speed and a power consumption, and are managed by a Reservation-Based scheduler enabling a dynamic allocation of the fraction of resources (bandwidth) assigned to each application. To cope with dynamic changes of the application, we advocate an adaptive resource allocation policy organized in two nested feedback loops. The internal loop operates on the scheduling parameter to obtain a resource allocation that meets the temporal constraints of the applications. The external loop operates on the QoS level of the applications and on the power level of the resources to strike a good tradeoff between the global QoS and the energy consumption. This loop comes into play whenever the workload of the application exceeds the bounds that permit the internal loop to operate correctly, or whenever it decreases below a level that permit more aggressive choices for the QoS or substantial energy saving.
4D optimization of scanned ion beam tracking therapy for moving tumors (2014)

Motion mitigation strategies are needed to fully realize the theoretical advantages of scanned ion beam therapy for patients with moving tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a new four-dimensional (4D) optimization approach for scanned-ion-beam tracking could reduce dose to avoidance volumes near a moving target while maintaining target dose coverage, compared to an existing 3D-optimized beam tracking approach. We tested these approaches computationally using a simple 4D geometrical phantom and a complex anatomic phantom, that is, a 4D computed tomogram of the thorax of a lung cancer patient. We also validated our findings using measurements of carbon-ion beams with a motorized film phantom. Relative to 3D-optimized beam tracking, 4D-optimized beam tracking reduced the maximum predicted dose to avoidance volumes by 53% in the simple phantom and by 13% in the thorax phantom. 4D-optimized beam tracking provided similar target dose homogeneity in the simple phantom (standard deviation of target dose was 0.4% versus 0.3%) and dramatically superior homogeneity in the thorax phantom (D5-D95 was 1.9% versus 38.7%). Measurements demonstrated that delivery of 4D-optimized beam tracking was technically feasible and confirmed a 42% decrease in maximum film exposure in the avoidance region compared with 3D-optimized beam tracking. In conclusion, we found that 4D-optimized beam tracking can reduce the maximum dose to avoidance volumes near a moving target while maintaining target dose coverage, compared with 3D-optimized beam tracking.
Discrete Atom Imaging of One-Dimensional Crystals Formed Within Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2000)

The complete crystallography of a one-dimensional crystal of potassium iodide encapsulated within a 1.6-nanometer-diameter single-walled carbon nanotube has been determined with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Individual atoms of potassium and iodine within the crystal were identified from a phase image that was reconstructed with a modified focal series restoration approach. The lattice spacings within the crystal are substantially different from those in bulk potassium iodide. This is attributed to the reduced coordination of the surface atoms of the crystal and the close proximity of the van der Waals surface of the confining nanotube.
Central Nervous System Depressants--III. 2- and 4-Allyloxy-3,5-Disubstituted Benzoic Acids and Derivatives (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCentral Nervous System Depressants--III. 2- and 4-Allyloxy-3,5-Disubstituted Benzoic Acids and DerivativesRobert Bruce Moffett and Patrick H. SeayCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1959, 2, 2, 213–227Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm50009a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50009a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Generative geometric design and boundary solid grammars (2018)

Abstract: "This proposal introduces boundary solid grammars, a formalism for generating complex models of rigid solid objects. Solids are represented by their boundary elements, i.e. vertices, edges and facts, with coordinate geometry associated with the vertices. Labels may be associated with any of these elements. Rules match conditions of a solid or collection of solids and may modify them or create additional solids. A boundary solid grammar uses an initial solid and a set of rules to produce a language of solid models. Unary operations are introduced to ensure the validity of the boundary representations.These operations take models that may have self-intersections, interpret the models considering the given geometry and face orientations, and produce valid models. The unary operations allow the use of boolean operations together with Euler, sweeping, tweaking and gluing operations in a unified, valid scheme. The proposed formalism has been implemented. Grammars have been demonstrated that generate simple geometric forms including snowflakes, recursive octahedrons, 'fractal' mountains, and spirals. Queen Anne houses have been characterized in a more extensive grammar."
Characterization of a small FTICR mass spectrometer based on a permanent magnet (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of a small FTICR mass spectrometer based on a permanent magnetLoreen C. Zeller, James M. Kennady, Joseph E. Campana, and Hilkka. KenttamaaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 15, 2116–2118Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00063a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00063a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Difficulties With Bearing Dislocation and Breakage Using a Movable Bearing Total Knee Replacement System (1993)

In 1980, the low contact stress, or New Jersey, system was introduced with movable high-density polyethylene bearings between the metallic femoral and tibial components. This system was developed to deal with two principal concerns of conventional knee replacement systems: loosening and wear. A federal Drug Administration review was required, and the study was performed in two phases. From 1981 until 1984, components were cemented in 40 knees, which then were evaluated for an average of seven years after surgery. From 1984 until 1986, 16 knees were selected for cementless fixation and were followed for an average of five years. The cemented group had a failure rate of 10% (four knees), two from tibial component loosening, one from bearing dislocation, and one from infection. Failure was determined by the necessity for revision. The uncemented group had a failure rate of 31% (four knees from bearing fracture and one from knee pain of uncertain source). Bearing failure was attributable to the entrapment of the subluxed lateral bearing. Sacrifice of the anterior cruciate ligament predisposes the system to bearing subluxation and failure.
Synthesis of tunable tellurium nanoparticles (2017)

Tellurium is a chalcogenide element, essential, in the development of renewable energy solutions. However, substantial problems remain to synthesize zero-dimensional tellurium nanostructures in a facile and environmentally friendly way. This communication reports the first successful synthesis of pure tellurium nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquids. Two solvents were used i.e. de-ionized water and acetone. The effect of wavelength on the size and crystallinity of the produced nanoparticles has been investigated. The thermal stability and the size-dependent energy bandgap has also been predicted using nano-thermodynamics. Finally, the most stable colloidal solution as well as the smallest size distribution was obtained in acetone.
Rapid detection of active and latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-positive individuals by enumeration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cells (2002)

The ESAT-6/CFP-10-based ELISPOT assay detects active tuberculosis in HIV-positive individuals with high sensitivity. It is more specific, and possibly more sensitive, than PPD-based methods of detecting latent M. tuberculosis infection, and may potentially improve the targeting of isoniazid preventative therapy to HIV-positive individuals with latent tuberculosis infection.
A DNA‐Topoisomerase‐11–Binding Protein with Eight Repeating Regions Similar to DNA‐repair Enzymes and to a Cell‐Cycle Regulator (1997)

A two-hybrid system was used to isolate factors that interact with the C-terminal region of DNA topoisomerase IIbeta. A positive clone isolated from a HeLa cDNA library encoded 1522 amino acid residues (molecular mass 170670). The protein, designated topoisomerase-IIbeta-binding protein 1 (TopBP1), interacted with the C-terminal region of topoisomerase IIbeta synthesized in vitro. A database search indicated that TopBP1 possessed eight regions similar to regions of Rad4, Cut5, Ect2, Rev1 and X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1) proteins and a region similar to auto-modification sites of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, suggesting that TopBP1 supported catalytic reactions of topoisomerase II through transient breakages of DNA strands.
Hdm2- and proteasome-dependent turnover limits p21 accumulation during S phase (2011)

Double-strand DNA breaks detected in different phases of the cell cycle induce molecularly distinct checkpoints downstream of the ATM kinase. p53 is known to induce arrest of cells in G 1 and occasionally G 2 phase but not S phase following ionizing radiation, a time at which the MRN complex and cdc25-dependent mechanisms induce arrest. Our understanding of how cell cycle phase modulates pathway choice and the reasons certain pathways might be favored at different times is limited. In this report, we examined how cell cycle phase affects the activation of the p53 checkpoint and its ability to induce accumulation of the cdk2 inhibitor p21. Using flow cytometric tools and centrifugal elutriation, we found that the p53 response to ionizing radiation is largely intact in all phases of the cell cycle; however, the accumulation of p21 protein is limited to the G 1 and G 2 phase of the cell cycle because of the activity of a proteasome-dependent p21 turnover pathway in S-phase cells. We found that the turnover of p21 was independent of the SCF (skp2) E3 ligase but could be inhibited, at least in part, by reducing hdm2, although this depended on the cell type studied. Our results suggest that there are several redundant pathways active in S-phase cells that can prevent the accumulation of p21.
Bioactive conformation of stromelysin inhibitors determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects. (1995)

The transferred nuclear Overhauser effect has been used to determine the biologically active conformations of two stromelysin inhibitors. Both inhibitors used in this study were hydroxamic acids generated via chemical synthesis. These structures, representing the conformation of each inhibitor bound to stromelysin, superimposed with excellent agreement. The study also provided information on the shape and orientation of the S2' and S1' pockets of the enzyme relative to thermolysin. Comparisons were made between stromelysin and thermolysin inhibitors to critically examine thermolysin as a template for stromelysin-inhibitor design. The enzyme-bound conformations of these stromelysin inhibitors were determined for use as a template in conformationally restricted drug design.
Performance of a mobile data communication system (1991)

Evaluating the performance of a mobile data communication system by calculating the system response time as a function of the system load is considered. When the system load is raised, the response time increases. When the system load reaches a certain level (the maximum throughput), the response time approaches infinity. Consequently, throughput comes as a byproduct of the response time calculations. The system response time is the total time a transaction spends in the system. An iterative method is used to calculate the time a transaction spends on the radio channel. The elapsed time of the transaction at other system components is calculated using either M/M/1 queueing or nonpreemptive priority queueing formulas. A specific system is used to demonstrate the calculations. Contention, received signal level, short-term fading, power-up time, unequal message lengths, multisite receivers, and service area are included in the radio channel calculations. Results indicate that multiple sites improve the RF channel performance in that fewer retries are needed for each message transmission.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of a Robust Algorithm for Transformation of a 3D Object Point onto a 2D Image Point for Linear Pushbroom Imagery (2001)

expressed in a rigorous mathematical form (Kim, 2000). Further A powe$ul and robust algorithm for the Indirect Method, i.e., studies are required for the understanding of the geometry of the transformation of a 30 object point onto a 2D image point linearpushbroomimages. for linear pushbroom imagery, is proposed. This algorithm This paper addresses the problem of rectification of linear solves the transformation iteratively with an initial estimate pushbroom images so that the images can be geometrically ref- of the 20 image point coordinates. However, this algorithm erenced. There can be two ways to solve this problem. The first does not require any sophisticated procedures to determine a one is referred to as the Direct Method, which solves the prob- good initial estimate and it always converges to the correct lem by projecting an image point in two-dimensional (zD) solution. This algorithm works using the following procedures: image coordinates onto an object point in three-dimensional first, with an (random) initial estimate of the 20 image point (3D) object coordinates. A technique called Ray-Tracing coordinates, calculate the attitude of the camera platform; (O'Neilland Dowman, 1988) was developed to solve the prob- second, with the given attitude, calculate the position of the lem by the Direct Method. The other one is referred to as the camera platform and the 20 image point; and third, update Indirect Method, which solves the problem the other way the estimate with the calculated 2D image point coordinates around, i.e-9 by projecting a 3D object point onto a zD image and then go back to the first procedure and continue iteration point. It is known that the Indirect Method has many advan- until the estimated and calculated image point coordinates tages overthe Direct Method (Mayrand Hei~ke, 1988). In Par- converge. Results of the experiment show that this algorithm ticular~ it reduce sthe processing time and amount of memory converges very fast even when the initial estimate has a required for image resampling. huge error. However, a robust numerical solution of the Indirect Method for linear pushbroom images has so far not been devel-
Polymerization of alkylene oxides by dialkylzinc–lewis base systems (1967)

Abstract Dialkylzinc–Lewis base systems are found to be active catalysts for the polymerization of alkylene oxides. The diethylzinc–dimethyl sulfoxide system is especially effective in the preparation of high polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Diethylzine does not react with dimethyl sulfoxide, but there is strong association between the compounds. The proton magnetic resonance spectrum of a poly(ethylene oxide) prepared by the catalyst system suggests that the n ‐butoxyl group is attached to the end of the polymer chain. Polymerization of ethylene oxide seems to be initiated by the ethyl–zinc bond. The active species of the system seems to be diethylzinc coordinated with dimethyl sulfoxide. The efficiency of the catalyst system for the formation of high molecular weight polymer is 10 −1 −10 −2 . The other part of the catalyst is responsible for the formation of low polymers.