gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Benoxaprofen stimulates proteoglycan synthesis in normal canine knee cartilage in vitro (1983)

Several nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs which are cyclooxygenase inhibitors (e.g., salicylates, fenoprofen, ibuprofen) have been shown to suppress proteoglycan synthesis by normal joint cartilage in vitro. We examined the effect of benoxaprofen, a long-acting proprionic acid derivative which inhibits lipoxygenase in addition to causing moderate cyclooxygenase inhibition. When added to the culture medium in concentrations comparable with those obtainable in serum of patients treated with the drug (e.g., 10 and 50 micrograms/ml), benoxaprofen increased proteoglycan synthesis in slices of normal canine knee cartilage to 126% and 135%, respectively, of control levels. These concentrations of the drug augmented net protein synthesis to 154% and 123%, respectively, of control levels. Incorporation of 3H glucosamine into 9-aminoacridine precipitable material was increased by benoxaprofen, showing that it stimulates net proteoglycan synthesis, and not merely sulfation. At concentrations of either 10 or 50 micrograms/ml, the drug had no effect on proteoglycan catabolism or on the ability of proteoglycans to interact with cartilage hyaluronic acid to form macromolecular aggregates. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, a free radical scavenger which, like benoxaprofen, inhibits the lipoxygenase as well as cyclooxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, also increased 35S glycosaminoglycan synthesis in cartilage slices. The stimulation of glycosaminoglycan and protein synthesis by benoxaprofen suggests that its action on the chondrocyte may be different from that of most other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
Inhibitors of Mammalian Central Nervous System Selective Amino Acid Transporters (2000)

Central nervous system (CNS) selective amino acid transporters provide an important function in maintaining tonic extracellular levels of amino acids that act as neurotransmitters, synaptic modulators or neurotransmitter precursors. Small molecule inhibitors of these transporters have been postulated and in some cases demonstrated to be useful in the treatment of a range of CNS driven disorders such as epilepsy, anxiety, psychosis, depression, pain and neurodegenerative disease. Although much of the research to date in this field has focussed on inhibition of the gama-amino butyric acid (GABA) transporters more recent reports have also generated interest in modulation of glycine, glutamate and proline transporters. This article will review the current medicinal chemistry literature and structure activity relationships known for mammalian CNS selective amino acid transporters.
Model-building study of the combining sites of two antibodies to alpha (1----6)dextran. (1988)

Models of the Fv portion (containing the variable regions of the heavy and light chains) of two monoclonal anti-alpha (1----6)dextran antibodies, W3129 and 19.1.2, were constructed from amino acid sequences and the known three-dimensional structures of the Fv portions of McPC603 and J539. The modeled combining site of W3129 has a protrusion on one side, formed by the long complementarity-determining region 1 of the light chain and the long complementarity-determining region 3 of the heavy chain, and has a cavity accommodating a glucose moiety. The model of the 19.1.2 site is basically flat with a shallow groove that can accommodate several internal glucose units. These results support the earlier conclusions, from ligand binding data, that W3129 has a cavity-type site, involving the terminal nonreducing glucose residue (endbinder), whereas 19.1.2 has a groove-type site.
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and serum lipid levels in subjects with chronic periodontitis and hyperlipidemia. (2012)

Elevated level of Lp-PLA2 is associated with periodontal inflammation, indicating that periodontal treatment could reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in CP subjects with hyperlipidaemia.
Subpixel edge detection and estimation with a microprocessor-controlled line scan camera (1988)

A microprocessor-controlled line scan camera system for measuring edges and lengths of steel strips is described, and the problem of subpixel edge detection and estimation in a line image is considered. The edge image is assumed to change gradually in its intensity, and the true edge location may be between pixels. Detection and estimation of edges are based on measurement of gray values of the line images at a limited number of pixels. A two-stage approach is presented. At the first stage, a computationally simple discrete-template-matching method is used to place the estimated edge point to the nearest pixel value. Three second-stage methods designed for subpixel estimation are examined. The modified Chebyshev polynomial and the three-point interpolation method do not require much knowledge on the shape of the edge intensity. If the functional form of the edge is known, a least-square estimation method may be used for better accuracy. In the case of nonstationary Poisson noise, a recursive maximum-likelihood method for the first-stage edge detection, followed by subpixel estimation, is proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preparation of<i>N</i>-Arylated Heterocycles by Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (1994)

Abstract Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of fluorobenzoates and fluorophenylnitriles with weakly basic heterocycles readily occur. This synthetic methodology is utillized to produce potent angiotensin-II antagonists.
Sequential Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allene Diboration/α-Aminoallylation (2005)

Pd-catalyzed enantioselective diboration of prochiral allenes provides adducts which participate in highly selective allylation reactions with primary imines. The allylation product is a vinyl boronate which may be oxidized to give nonracemic Mannich products (87-97% ee). Alternatively, enantiomerically enriched homoallylic amine derivatives may be obtained by protonation and Suzuki cross-coupling of the vinyl boronate.
Methylation of novel markers of fragile X alleles is inversely correlated with FMRP expression and FMR1 activation ratio (2010)

The fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by silencing of the fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1) and the absence of its product, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), resulting from CpG island methylation associated with large CGG repeat expansions (more than 200) termed full mutation (FM). We have identified a number of novel epigenetic markers for FXS using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), naming the most informative fragile X-related epigenetic element 1 (FREE1) and 2 (FREE2). Methylation of both regions was correlated with that of the FMR1 CpG island detected using Southern blot (FREE1 R = 0.97; P < 0.00001, n = 23 and FREE2 R = 0.93; P < 0.00001, n = 23) and negatively correlated with lymphocyte expression of FMRP (FREE1 R = -0.62; P = 0.01, n = 15 and FREE2 R = -0.55; P = 0.03, n = 15) in blood of partially methylated 'high functioning' FM males. In blood of FM carrier females, methylation of both markers was inversely correlated with the FMR1 activation ratio (FREE1 R = -0.93; P < 0.0001, n = 12 and FREE2 R = -0.95; P < 0.0001, n = 9). In a sample set of 49 controls, 18 grey zone (GZ 40-54 repeats), 22 premutation (PM 55-170 repeats) and 22 (affected) FXS subjects, the FREE1 methylation pattern was consistent between blood and chorionic villi as a marker of methylated FM alleles and could be used to differentiate FXS males and females from controls, as well as from carriers of GZ/PM alleles, but not between GZ and PM alleles and controls. Considering its high-throughput and specificity for pathogenic FM alleles, low cost and minimal DNA requirements, FREE MALDI-TOF MS offers a unique tool in FXS diagnostics and newborn population screening.
Sonde Method of Measuring the Ultrasonic Field Intensity (1952)

A new sonde method of measuring the field intensity of ultrasonics was devised. The sonde is made of a small ball (about 2 mm in diameter) of sound-absorbing material, in which a thermistor of much smaller dimension is included in its centre. From experimental results and theoretical considerations, two noteworthy facts are derived. They are “surface heat generation” (on the surface of any solid material heat is generated in ultra sonic field) and the cooling effect of ultrasonic wave.
Differences of Opinion: Methodological Considerations Regarding Addressivity in Individual Interviews and Focus Groups (2009)

This paper considers the extent to which research participants express their opinions and attitudes differently, according to whether they are engaged in one-to-one interviews or in a focus group with members of their community of practice. While the respective advantages and disadvantages of using individual interviews and focus groups have been discussed in the research literature, there appears to have been no empirical work which has actually investigated this issue of addressivity. This small-scale study sought to explore this empirical gap. Three teachers of English were individually interviewed about their attitudes towards the teaching of grammar, and - a week later - they participated in a focus group. In both sessions, the same questions were posed. The transcript of the findings reveals that both the content and the manner of the participants' responses differed in various ways, and some reasons for this divergence are suggested. Although this study is very limited in scope and its findings are extremely tentative, there may be interesting implications for qualitative researchers seeking to elicit people's attitudes.
Agriculture (1969)

The dynamics of overseas commerce, the spectacular growth of certain port cities, and the intellectual excitement of Paris and London may make us forget how unchangeable, narrow, and provincial the lives of most Europeans were in the eighteenth century. To travel only a few miles into the hinterland of Bordeaux, Cadiz, Livorno, or Hamburg was to enter the Middle Ages. The wheat fields, the sharecropper's cart, the parish church, the château on the hill, a two-room cottage-these were the signposts of a timeless, routine existence, worlds away from drawing rooms and bustling wharves.
The Role of Organic Agents in the Stress Crazing and Cracking of Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oixde) (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Role of Organic Agents in the Stress Crazing and Cracking of Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oixde)G. A. Bernier and R. P. KambourCite this: Macromolecules 1968, 1, 5, 393–400Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60005a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views447Altmetric-Citations171LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cloaking Core-Shell Nanoparticles from Conducting Electrons in Solids (2012)

In this Letter, we aim at making nanoparticles embedded in a host semiconductor with a size comparable to electronic wavelengths "invisible" to the electron transport. Inspired by the recent progress made in optics and working within the framework of the expansion of partial waves, we demonstrate that the opposite effects imposed by potential barriers and wells of a core-shell nanoparticle on the phase shifts associated with the scattered electron wave could make the scattering cross section of the first two partial waves vanish simultaneously. We show that this is sufficient to cloak the nanoparticle from being detected by electrons with specific energy in the sense that a total scattering cross section smaller than 0.01% of the physical cross section can be obtained and a 4 orders of magnitude difference in the total scattering cross section can be presented within an energy range of only 40 meV, indicating possible applications of the "electron cloaks" as novel electronic switches and sensors, and in efficient energy harvesting and conversion technologies.
Spectral-based 2D/3D X-ray to CT image rigid registration (2011)

We present a spectral-based method for the 2D/3D rigid registration of X-ray images to a CT scan. The method uses a Fourier-based representation to decompose the six rigid transformation parameters problem into a twoparameter out-of-plane rotation and a four-parameter in-plane transformation problems. Preoperatively, a set of Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs (DRRs) are generated offline from the CT in the expected in-plane location ranges of the fluoroscopic X-ray imaging devices. Each DRR is transformed into a imaging device in-plane invariant features space. Intraoperatively, a few 2D projections of the patient anatomy are acquired with an X-ray imaging device. Each projection is transformed into its in-plane invariant representation. The out-of-plane parameters are first computed by maximization of the Normalized Cross-Correlation between the invariant representations of the DRRs and the X-ray images. Then, the in-plane parameters are computed with the phase correlation method based on the Fourier-Mellin transform. Experimental results on publicly available data sets show that our method can robustly estimate the out-of-plane parameters with accuracy of 1.5° in less than 1sec for out-of-plane rotations of 10° or more, and perform the entire registration in less than 10secs.
Acne in ethnic skin: special considerations for therapy (2004)

ABSTRACT: Acne vulgaris occurs in people of all ethnicities and races. Although the pathophysiology and treatment options are similar in all skin phototypes, darker-skinned patients have higher incidence rates of two sequelae of acne: postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and keloidal scarring. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation may also be triggered by skin irritation. In choosing therapies for patients of color, therefore, clinicians must find a balance between aggressive early intervention to target inflammatory acne lesions, and gentle treatments to increase tolerability and avoid skin irritation. For most patients, a combination of topical retinoids, and topical or oral antibiotics with hydroquinone (as needed) to control hyperpigmentation will be successful. For patients with sensitive skin, topical agents in lower concentrations and cream vehicles are preferred. If tolerated, the retinoid strength can be titrated upward after four to six weeks. Ethnic patients also need to be counseled on use of noncomedogenic and nonirritating skin and hair-care products. Individualized care and close monitoring is required.
Space-Time Block Codes: Trained, blind and semi-blind detection (2002)

Space-Time Block Coding (STBC) requires knowledge of the channel at the receiver. In practice the channel has to be estimated. In this paper we consider three estimation/detection schemes and compare their performances. In particular we introduce a blind scheme which does not require the transmission of pilot symbols to estimate the channel.
Physical properties and impulse strength of paper (1956)

It is shown that the impulse strength of oil-impregnated paper, measured on single sheets, is related to the impulse strength of a lapped dielectric using the same paper.Attempts are made to relate the impulse strength to physical characteristics of the paper. General relationships involving apparent density and air impermeability are indicated, but it is shown that, in addition, account needs to be taken of some measurement of uniformity. Means for obtaining such a measurement on small areas of paper are described.
Distortion and Size Calibration of the Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) Laser-Beam Raster (2003)

Trapezoidal distortion of the SLO laser-beam raster can cause stimulus size to change as much as 10% from the top to the bottom of the raster. Measurements of fixed horizontal retinal landmark distances in SLO images can also vary as much as 10%. We developed a straightforward mathematical method for correcting distortion in SLO image measurements.
Taxotere-Induced Inhibition of Human Endothelial Cell Migration Is a Result of Heat Shock Protein 90 Degradation (2006)

In addition to effects on tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis, microtubule-binding agents are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis. The cancer chemotherapeutic drug Taxotere (docetaxel) inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration in vitro at concentrations substantially lower than required to cause cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Here, we show that Taxotere caused the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in HUVEC. This prevented signaling from the focal adhesions and VEGF receptors and inhibited integrin activation. Taxotere prevented the VEGF-induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), all of which are Hsp90 client proteins. Taxotere completely blocked the VEGF-induced increase in eNOS activity, and the addition of a NO donor reversed the inhibitory effect of Taxotere on VEGF-induced migration. A similar reversal occurred with a proteasomal inhibitor of Hsp90 degradation. Furthermore, overexpression of Hsp90 rescued HUVEC from the inhibition of VEGF-induced migration by Taxotere. Previous studies have suggested that tubulin is also a client protein of Hsp90, and immunocytochemical analysis showed that Taxotere caused the dissociation of Hsp90 from tubulin. We suggest that uncomplexed Hsp90 is more susceptible to ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation than the bound form. Although inhibitors of Hsp90 are currently under clinical investigation as antitumor agents, this seems to be the first account of a drug that reduces Hsp90 function by enhancing its proteasomal degradation. Further, the loss of Hsp90 and the inactivation of Hsp90 client proteins are previously undescribed actions of Taxotere that may contribute to its antiangiogenic activity.
Serum micronutrients and prostate cancer in Japanese Americans in Hawaii. (1997)

Numerous dietary studies and several serum micronutrient studies have produced equivocal results on the relation of vitamins A and E to prostate cancer risk. To evaluate this association further, we conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 6860 Japanese-American men examined from 1971 to 1975. At the time of examination, a single blood specimen was obtained, and the serum was frozen. After a surveillance period of more than 20 years, 142 tissue-confirmed incident cases of prostate cancer were identified. Their stored sera and those of 142 matched controls were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography for the following: total carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, total retinoids, retinol, total tocopherols, alpha-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol. Odds ratios for prostate cancer, based on quartiles of serum micronutrient levels, were determined using conditional logistic regression analysis. The odds ratio for the highest quartiles were 1.8 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-3.9) for beta-cryptoxanthin, 1.6 (0.8-3.5) for beta-carotene, 0.8 (0.4-1.5) for retinol, and 0.7 (0.3-1.5) for gamma-tocopherol, but none of the differences was statistically significant. For the other micronutrients, the results were also unremarkable. The findings of this study indicate that none of the micronutrients is strongly associated with prostate cancer risk.
Dual Role of the IL-12/IFN-γ Axis in the Development of Autoimmune Myocarditis: Induction by IL-12 and Protection by IFN-γ (2001)

IL-12 and IFN-gamma positively regulate each other and type 1 inflammatory responses, which are believed to cause tissue damage in autoimmune diseases. We investigated the role of the IL-12/IFN-gamma (Th1) axis in the development of autoimmune myocarditis. IL-12p40-deficient mice on a susceptible background resisted myocarditis. In the absence of IL-12, autospecific CD4(+) T cells proliferated poorly and showed increased Th2 cytokine responses. However, IFN-gamma-deficient mice developed fatal autoimmune disease, and blockade of IL-4R signaling did not confer susceptibility to myocarditis in IL-12p40-deficient mice, demonstrating that IL-12 triggers autoimmunity by a mechanism independent of the effector cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-4. In conclusion, our results suggest that the IL-12/IFN-gamma axis is a double-edged sword for the development of autoimmune myocarditis. Although IL-12 mediates disease by induction/expansion of Th1-type cells, IFN-gamma production from these cells limits disease progression.
Formation Fines Stabilization Using Surface Adsorption Polymerization (1998)

Abstract Formation fines are ubiquitous in oil- and gas-bearing sandstones. Formation damage resulting from dispersion and migration of fines is a major concern in producing wells. These fines are mineralogically diverse and become a problem when they detach from pore walls, migrate with flowing fluids and choke off pore throats. The formation damage resulting from fines migration causes a reduction in well performance. A treatment that will inhibit the migration of fines will improve long-term well production. This paper presents the results of a laboratory evaluation and field case histories of fines control treatments in sandstone. P. 461
ECG in your hands: a multi-vendor ECG viewer for personal digital assistants (2003)

In the context of HYGEIAnet, the regional health network of Crete, numerous information systems have been developed to support the management of patient related data. In all these systems the digital acquisition and storage of clinical examinations and various vital signs play a major role in the provision of continuity of care to each patient in the region through the integrated electronic health record (IEHR). In such environment, personal digital assistants (PDAs) can be of great value to doctors on the move. The long-term goal is to extend the access to e-Health and m-Health services and to the citizen's multimedia IEHR through the use of such devices. PDAs have already been used worldwide for the display and editing of textual information, while their graphic capabilities are also continuously improving. The development of new software components for the display of specific multimedia clinical information on PDAs should speed up our long-term goal. As a first step, a multi-vendor ECG viewer for PDAs has been developed and successfully evaluated by cardiologists and general practitioners.