gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
User Cooperation Network Coding Approach for NoC Performance Improvement (2015)

The astonishing rate of sensing modalities and data generation poses a tremendous impact on computing platforms for providing real-time mining and prediction capabilities. We are capable of monitoring thousands of genes and their interactions, but we lack efficient computing platforms for large-scale (exa-scale) data processing. Towards this end, we propose a novel hierarchical Network-on-Chip (NoC) architecture that exploits user-cooperated network coding (NC) concepts for improving system throughput. Our proposed architecture relies on a light-weighted subnet of cooperation unit routers (CUR) for multicast traffic. Coding network interface (CNI) performs encoding/decoding of NC symbols and shares the data flows among cooperation units(CUs). We endow our proposed NC-based NoC architecture with: (i) a corridor routing algorithm (CRA) for maximizing network throughput and (ii) an adaptive flit dropping (AFD) scheme to mitigate congestion, branch-blocking and deadlock at run-time. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed platform offers up to 127X multicast throughput improvement over multiple-unicast and XY tree-based multicast under synthetic collective traffic scenario. We have evaluated the proposed platform with different realworld benchmarks under network sizes of 4x4 to 32x32. Simulation results show 21%--91% latency improvement and up to 25X runtime reduction over conventional mesh NoC performing genetic-algorithm based protein folding analysis. FPGA implementation results show minimal overhead.
Experimental and numerical evaluation of inter-core differential mode delay characteristic of weakly-coupled multi-core fiber (2014)

We investigated the inter-core differential mode delay (DMD) characteristic of a weakly-coupled homogeneous multi-core fiber with a view to utilizing inter-core crosstalk compensation with MIMO processing. We confirmed experimentally that the bend induced inter-core DMD is lower than the simulated results, which we expected owing to the twist of the fiber. We also revealed numerically that the refractive index profile variation of each core greatly increases inter-core DMD. Finally, we conducted a 4 × 4 MIMO transmission experiment using a weakly-coupled 4-core fiber and successfully compensated for the inter-core crosstalk.
Dual Decomposed Learning with Factorwise Oracles for Structural SVMs of Large Output Domain. (2016)

Many applications of machine learning involve structured outputs with large domains, where learning of a structured predictor is prohibitive due to repetitive calls to an expensive inference oracle. In this work, we show that by decomposing training of a Structural Support Vector Machine (SVM) into a series of multiclass SVM problems connected through messages, one can replace an expensive structured oracle with Factorwise Maximization Oracles (FMOs) that allow efficient implementation of complexity sublinear to the factor domain. A Greedy Direction Method of Multiplier (GDMM) algorithm is then proposed to exploit the sparsity of messages while guarantees convergence to <i>ε</i> sub-optimality after <i>O</i>(log(1/<i>ε</i>)) passes of FMOs over every factor. We conduct experiments on chain-structured and fully-connected problems of large output domains, where the proposed approach is orders-of-magnitude faster than current state-of-the-art algorithms for training Structural SVMs.
Bedømmelse af elever i det 20. århundrede (2012)

Med afsæt i en kort historisk begrebsudredning af de centrale begreber ’test’, ’prøver’ og ’eksamen’ vil denne artikel fokusere på væsentlige tematikker i disse begrebers historie i det danske uddannelsessystem i det 20. århundrede.<br/>Centrale tematikker i den forbindelse er indførelsen af intelligenstest og standardiserede prøver i mellemkrigstiden, ministerielle test og bedømmelser, test- og bedømmelsesbølgernes internationale inspirationer herunder tendensen til international sammenligning af uddannelsesresultater, institutionaliseringen af test- og bedømmelsespraksisser samt karaktergivning og diskussionerne herom. Artiklen slutter af med en opsamling og kort diskussion af tematikkerne og knytter dermed an til begyndelsen af 1990’erne, hvor et fornyet test og bedømmelsesregime for alvor fik vind i sejlene.<br/>På den måde kaster artiklen lys på den ofte omtumlede tilværelse som test, prøver og eksamener har ført i det danske uddannelsessystem i det 20. århundrede. Et sådant perspektiv er på mange måder en forudsætning for at forstå og analysere, hvad der sker på området i dag.
Scattering matrix analysis of 3*3 fiber couplers (1989)

A general scattering matrix (S-matrix) theory lossy reciprocal 3*3 couplers is developed. It predicts the possible values of the phases of the complex S-matrix coefficient if the magnitude of these coefficients is known. Depending on symmetry, and in particular the loss of the coupler, allowed ranges of the phase angles are given. As an example, an optimized coupler for a coherent homodyne transmission system with optoelectric 90 degrees hybrid is investigated. The results show a strong tradeoff between the desired ideal behavior and the fabrication tolerances.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pushing the limit of quantum transport simulations (2019)

This paper presents a set of algorithms for a restricted family of systems that are mostly invariant by translations. The authors show that these systems can be handled directly in the thermodynamic limit and that they encompass many situations of practical interest such as relatively clean surfaces or very large electrodes. These algorithms are particularly useful for the study of topological materials.
Effects of Active‐Site Modification and Quaternary Structure on the Regioselectivity of Catechol‐<i>O</i>‐Methyltransferase (2016)

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an important therapeutic target in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, is also being developed for biocatalytic processes, including vanillin production, although lack of regioselectivity has precluded its more widespread application. By using structural and mechanistic information, regiocomplementary COMT variants were engineered that deliver either meta- or para-methylated catechols. X-ray crystallography further revealed how the active-site residues and quaternary structure govern regioselectivity. Finally, analogues of AdoMet are accepted by the regiocomplementary COMT mutants and can be used to prepare alkylated catechols, including ethyl vanillin.
A Plume Rise Model Compared with Observations (1965)

Dimensional arguments are used to predict plume rise for buoyant plumes in both stable and neutral air, for both calm and windy conditions. Dominant terms are assumed to be windpseed ū, “buoyancy flux” F (proportional to heat efflux), and a stability parameter s (proportional to potential temperature gradient). Observations presented support the dimensional analysis predictions, except that for final rise in a neutral atmosphere they are adeauate only for a conservative estimate of rise. The method is extended to predict maximum ground concentration of effluent gases in the worst situations {windy neutral and fumigation) for open country, valleys, and “canyons.” These predictions are compared ivith limited observations.
First Nephi: Study Book of Mormon (1995)

Book Review| July 01 1995 First Nephi: Study Book of Mormon First Nephi: Study Book of Mormon. Larry K. Smith Larry K. Smith Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Review of Books on the Book of Mormon (1995) 7 (1995) (2): 3–5. https://doi.org/10.2307/44797012 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Larry K. Smith; First Nephi: Study Book of Mormon. Review of Books on the Book of Mormon 1 July 1995; 7 (1995) (2): 3–5. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/44797012 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressMormon Studies Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 1995 Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Control of Cellular Organization in Three Dimensions Using a Microfabricated Polydimethylsiloxane–Collagen Composite Tissue Scaffold (2005)

Parallel channels of various dimensions have been shown to cause a monolayer of cells in culture to align in the direction of the channels. For the engineering of complex organ systems to become a reality, similar control over the cellular microenvironment in three dimensions must be achieved. Using microfabrication, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffold (40 microm wide, 70-microm-deep parallel channels separated by 25-microm-wide walls) was created. A fibroblast-seeded collagen matrix was then molded around this PDMS scaffold. The PDMS scaffold served as an internal skeleton to guide the cells to grow in the prescribed three-dimensional pattern. Organization, aspect ratio, and the z diameter of the cells were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Fibroblasts elongated and organized in the direction of the channels throughout the height of the scaffold. The mean angle of the cells off of the long axis of the channels was 4.3 +/- 0.7 degrees as opposed to 32.6 +/- 2.2 degrees in controls. The morphology of the cells was also affected by the PDMS scaffold. The nuclei were longer (1.25x) and thinner (0.75x) than in control gels; however, no changes in diameter of the cells in the z direction were seen.
Differences in nucleation behavior underlie the contrasting aggregation kinetics of the Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides (2014)

The two major forms of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide found in plaques in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, Aβ40 and Aβ42, only differ by two amino acids in the C-terminal region, yet they display markedly different aggregation behavior. The origins of these differences have remained challenging to connect to specific molecular-level processes underlying the aggregation reaction. In this paper we use a general strategy to apply the conventional workflow of chemical kinetics to the aggregation of the Aβ40 peptide to identify the differences between Aβ40 and Aβ42 in terms of the microscopic determinants of the aggregation reaction. Our results reveal that the major source of aggregates in the case of Aβ40 is a fibril-catalyzed nucleation process, the multistep nature of which is evident through its saturation behavior. Moreover, our results show that the significant differences in the observed behavior of the two proteins originate not simply from a uniform increase in all microscopic rates for Aβ42 compared with Aβ40, but rather are due to a shift of more than one order of magnitude in the relative importance of primary nucleation versus fibril-catalyzed secondary nucleation processes. This analysis sheds light on the microscopic determinants of the aggregation behavior of the principal forms of Aβ and outlines a general approach toward achieving an understanding at the molecular level of the aberrant deposition of insoluble peptides in neurodegenerative disorders.
Enabling power management for network-attached computers (1998)

Power management is an emerging area of interest for network management. This article reviews current developments and describes methods for enabling power management in network-attached computers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two calcium-binding proteins associated with specific stages of myeloid cell differentiation are expressed by subsets of macrophages in inflammatory tissues. (1988)

Using a monoclonal antibody to macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF), two proteins were isolated from supernatants of Concanavalin A-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells which seem to have complexed to a third component carrying the MIF activity. They are therefore designated MIF-related proteins or MRP-8 and MRP-14 according to their apparent molecular weights. Partial amino acid sequences have been determined and their cDNA have been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Both are calcium-binding proteins and MRP-8 seems to be largely homologous to the cystic fibrosis antigen (Dorin et al., 1987). Antisera were raised in the rabbit against the recombinant proteins and their expression in cells and tissues studied using immunohistological techniques. The proteins are only found in blood granulocytes and monocytes. In culture the number of positive monocytes sharply increased and then declined with time, suggesting that their expression is associated with early stages of monocyte/macrophage differentiation and absent from resident macrophages in all tested tissues. In acute inflammatory reactions, e.g. gingivitis, MRP-8 is never seen in the tissue, whereas MRP-14 is expressed by intravascular monocytes and perivascular macrophages. In contrast, in chronic inflammation, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, MRP-8 is also expressed by macrophages in the tissue. From this it is concluded that MRP-8 and MRP-14 are expressed sequentially at defined stages of monocyte/macrophage differentiation and that dysregulation of this process in chronic inflammation is mirrored by the presence of MRP-8-positive macrophages in the tissue.
<title>Fabricated Lightweight Metal Optic Substrates</title> (1978)

Recently, by combining brazing technology with lightweight beryllium detail components, ultra-lightweight beryllium optic substrates have become available to the designer. Two basic approaches are discussed, in the paper which includes an "eggcrated" core technique where thin. beryllium sheet products are "photo-etched" into an eggcrated pattern. and metallurgically brazed to face plates. Details of core configuration, fabrication, brazing and tolerances that can be achieved, will be discussed. Actual hardware will be reviewed from 4" to 19" assemblies. Other applications involving machined. beryllium halves will be discussed. Various techniques of metal removal yielding an overall bulk density from 33% to 5%. Joining techniques to close out the hollowed. substrate are discussed. Applications from 6" to 36" diameter optics will be reviewed. Non-destructive inspection. techniques and extrapolations to larger substrHtes of both types of designs will be reviewed.
Technique for measuring distributed temperature with 35-cm spatial resolution utilizing the Landau-Placzek ratio (2000)

The authors report a spontaneous Brillouin-based distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system using a short-pulsewidth laser source at 1.5 μm, which permits measurements down to an accuracy of 35-cm spatial resolution. This DTS system has been demonstrated utilizing conventional single-mode silica fibers for a range of 1 km from a single-ended source, and a temperature resolution of 4.3/spl deg/C was achieved.
Molecular Markers and Cell Cycle Inhibitors Show the Importance of Cell Cycle Progression in Nematode-Induced Galls and Syncytia (1999)

Root knot and cyst nematodes induce large multinucleated cells, designated giant cells and syncytia, respectively, in plant roots. We have used molecular markers to study cell cycle progression in these specialized feeding cells. In situ hybridization with two cyclin-dependent kinases and two cyclins showed that these genes were induced very early in galls and syncytia and that the feeding cells progressed through the G2 phase. By using cell cycle blockers, DNA synthesis and progression through the G2 phase, or mitosis, were shown to be essential for gall and syncytium establishment. When mitosis was blocked, further gall development was arrested. This result demonstrates that cycles of endoreduplication or other methods of DNA amplification are insufficient to drive giant cell expansion. On the other hand, syncytium development was much less affected by a mitotic block; however, syncytium expansion was inhibited.
Evaluation of an automated immunodiagnostic assay, VIDAS Rotavirus, for detection of rotavirus in fecal specimens (1994)

Four hundred sixty-four fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by three immunoassays, VIDAS Rotavirus (bioMérieux Vitek, Hazelwood, Mo.), Rotaclone (Cambridge Biotech Corporation, Worcester, Mass.), and Pathfinder Rotavirus (Sansfi Diagnostics Pasteur, Chaska, Minn.). Twenty-seven discordant specimens were evaluated by electron microscopy. The sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values were 98, 99.3, 98.7, and 99%, respectively, for VIDAS Rotavirus; 100, 99, 98.1, and 100%, respectively, for Rotaclone; and 100, 92.4, 87.3, and 100%, respectively for Pathfinder Rotavirus.
Expansion of effector T cells associated with decreased PD-1 expression in patients with indolent B cell lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2012)

In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), numbers of CD8 + CD45RA +/- CD27- effector T cells are expanded. We investigated whether this expansion is also present in other B cell malignancies and the possible mechanism underlying these changes. Whereas an increase in total CD4+and CD8+ T cell numbers was found only in CLL, numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells were significantly increased in both CLL and indolent lymphoma, but not aggressive lymphoma and myeloma. Interestingly, PD-1 expression was decreased on effector T cells and inversely correlated with effector T cell numbers, suggesting a functional role for PD-1 in regulating T cell homeostasis. In vitro experiments revealed impaired up-regulation of PD-1 upon T cell activation in the presence of malignant but also healthy B cells. Our data suggest that in CLL and indolent lymphoma, the malignant B cells affect PD-1 expression on effector T cells, resulting in an expansion of these subsets.
Molecular Layer Deposition Using Ring-Opening Reactions: Molecular Modeling of the Film Growth and the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide (2018)

Novel coating materials are constantly needed for current and future applications in the area of microelectronics, biocompatible materials, and energy-related devices. Molecular layer deposition (MLD) is answering this cry and is an increasingly important coating method for organic and hybrid organic-inorganic thin films. In this study, we have focused on hybrid inorganic-organic coatings, based on trimethylaluminum, monofunctional aromatic precursors, and ring-opening reactions with ozone. We present the MLD processes, where the films are produced with trimethylaluminum, one of the three aromatic precursors (phenol, 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol, and 2-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde), ozone, and the fourth precursor, hydrogen peroxide. According to the in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements, the hydrogen peroxide reacts with the surface carboxylic acid group, forming a peroxyacid structure (C(O)-O-OH), in the case of all three processes. In addition, molecular modeling for the processes with three different aromatic precursors was carried out. When combining these modeling results with the experimental research data, new interesting aspects of the film growth, reactions, and properties are exploited.
Coded multiple chirp spread spectrum system and overlay service (2003)

An asynchronous spread-spectrum system called coded multiple chirp is proposed, and the possible spread-spectrum overlay over an analog FM-TV is investigated by computer simulation. In the proposed system, multiple single-sloped up and down chirps are encoded by a PN code and decoded by deciphers (pulse compression filters) followed by a digital code correlator. Performance of the proposed system, expressed in probability of bit error and code miss probability, is similar to that of noncoherent FSK using codewords, if sufficient compression gain is used. In the overlay where chirp is used to overlay an FM-TV channel, two chirp signals with data rate up to 25 kb/s could be overlaid in a 36 MHz satellite transponder without significant mutual interference. Performance estimates for a VSAT earth station operating at C-band show that a 2.4 m antenna and 300 mW transmitter could send a 2.4 kb/s signal to a large central earth station over an occupied channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Implicit Social Network Model for Predicting and Tracking the Location of Faults (2008)

In software testing and maintenance activities, the observed faults and bugs are reported in bug report managing systems (BRMS) for further analysis and repair. According to the information provided by bug reports, developers need to find out the location of these faults and fix them. However, bug locating usually involves intensively browsing back and forth through bug reports and software code and thus incurs unpredictable cost of labor and time. Hence, establishing a robust model to efficiently and effectively locate and track faults is crucial to facilitate software testing and maintenance. In our observation, some related bug locations are tightly associated with the implicit links among source files. In this paper, we present an implicit social network model using PageRank to establish a social network graph with the extracted links. When a new bug report arrives, the prediction model provides users with likely bug locations according to the implicit social network graph constructed from the co-cited source files. The proposed approach has been implemented in real-world software archives and can effectively predict correct bug locations.
High Content Cell Screening in a Microfluidic Device (2008)

A comprehensive, systems level understanding of cell signaling networks requires methods to efficiently assay multiple signaling species, at the level of single cells, responding to a variety of stimulation protocols. Here we describe a microfluidic device that enables quantitative interrogation of signaling networks in thousands of individual cells using immunofluorescence-based readouts. The device is especially useful for measuring the signaling activity of kinases, transcription factors, and/or target genes in a high throughput, high content manner. We demonstrate how the device may be used to measure detailed time courses of signaling responses to one or more soluble stimuli and/or chemical inhibitors as well as responses to a complex temporal pattern of multiple stimuli. Furthermore we show how the throughput and resolution of the device may be exploited in investigating the differences, if any, of signaling at the level of a single cell versus at the level of the population. In particular, we show that NF-kappaB activity dynamics in individual cells are not asynchronous and instead resemble the dynamics of the population average in contrast to studies of cells overexpressing p65-EGFP.
Ethynyl, 2-Propynyl, and 3-Butynyl C-Phosphonate Analogues of Nucleoside Di- and Triphosphates: Synthesis and Reactivity in CuAAC (2015)

The synthesis and reactivity of a novel class of clickable nucleotide analogues containing a C-phosphonate subunit that has an alkyne group at the terminal position of the oligophosphate chain are reported. The C-phosphonate subunits were prepared by simple one- or two-step procedures using commercially available reagents. Nucleotides were prepared by MgCl2-catalyzed coupling reactions and then subjected to CuAAC reactions with various azide compounds to afford 5'-γ-labeled nucleoside triphosphates in excellent yields.