gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser Two-Photon Ionization of Pyrene on Contaminated Soils (1996)

We report a first attempt to use the laser multiphoton ionization method for analysis of trace aromatic compounds on the surface of environmental (soils) and artificial (silica) samples. The measurement setup is composed of a N(2) pulsed laser and a fast conductivity detection system. The technique has been tested for detection of pyrene deposited on moist fine-powdered samples. The observed photoionization signals have indicated a gradual increase in the photoionization current and charge as a function of increasing concentration of pyrene/hexane solutions used for sample contamination. Contaminants have been analyzed in several (organic and inorganic) environmental samples, and a method to compensate for matrix effects is suggested. A contamination model is assumed and applied in order to renormalize all signals and provide an useful calibration plot. This calibration plot provides an upper estimate of pyrene LOD as 35 ng/g.
A design guideline for volatile STT-RAM with ECC and scrubbing (2015)

STT-RAM is considered as a promising alternative to SRAM due to its low static power (non-volatility) and high density. However, write operation of STT-RAM is inefficient in terms of energy and speed compared to SRAM and thus STT-RAM with low retention time (volatile STT-RAM) has been proposed at the cost of scrubbing and error correcting code (ECC). The more frequent scrubbing and stronger ECC are used, the shorter retention time is allowed. Based on extensive experiment and analytic STT-RAM model, this paper provides a guideline for designing a volatile STT-RAM with ECC and scrubbing.
The inv(16) Fusion Protein Associates with Corepressors via a Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy-Chain Domain (2003)

Inversion(16) is one of the most frequent chromosomal translocations found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), occurring in over 8% of AML cases. This translocation results in a protein product that fuses the first 165 amino acids of core binding factor beta to the coiled-coil region of a smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (CBFbeta/SMMHC). CBFbeta interacts with AML1 to form a heterodimer that binds DNA; this interaction increases the affinity of AML1 for DNA. The CBFbeta/SMMHC fusion protein cooperates with AML1 to repress the transcription of AML1-regulated genes. We show that CBFbeta/SMMHC contains a repression domain in the C-terminal 163 amino acids of the SMMHC region that is required for inv(16)-mediated transcriptional repression. This minimal repression domain is sufficient for the association of CBFbeta/SMMHC with the mSin3A corepressor. In addition, the inv(16) fusion protein specifically associates with histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8). inv(16)-mediated repression is sensitive to HDAC inhibitors. We propose a model whereby the inv(16) fusion protein associates with AML1 to convert AML1 into a constitutive transcriptional repressor.
Combining Expandable and Intelligent Completions To Deliver a Selective Multizone Sandface Completion, Subsea Nigeria (2007)

Abstract In order to comply with local regulation, production volumes from each reservoir in the Okowri field offshore Nigeria, must be identifiable. Addax Petroleum's strategy for their Okwori subsea field development project was to produce a number of stacked reservoirs in each of the wells, using selective completions to facilitate testing and fingerprinting of individual zones. Due to the unconsolidated nature of the reservoir, downhole sand control was required for all wells. A technical study of all available technology at the time of design showed that expandable sand screen deployed inside the casedhole could deliver the combination of reservoir zonal isolation and internal diameter for integration with selective downhole control flow valves and isolation packer. This combination of expandable and intelligent completion technologies was an industry first. The initial completion design was based on casing and cementing the entire productive interval prior to perforating each of the target reservoir sands. Expandable sand screens [ESS®] were then placed across each interval spaced out with blank pipe. Isolation packers were set within the string to provide zonal isolation. Following installation of the sandface completion, downhole flow control valves were run through the expanded sand screens and the producing interval isolated, with packers set in the blank pipe run between the sections of expandable sand screen. This completion configuration delivered zonal isolation and surface control over each zone, facilitating selective production and fingerprinting. This paper describes the initial casedhole completion design, systems installation and subsequent performance as well as the engineering and project management that are required in order to deliver this combination new technology system. Further, the paper will also discuss how the original completion design has evolved with the introduction of the latest openhole zonal isolation devices to deliver a true openhole sandface completion with intelligent selectivity.
Cdc7 Is an Active Kinase in Human Cancer Cells Undergoing Replication Stress (2006)

Cdc7 kinase promotes and regulates DNA replication in eukaryotic organisms. Multiple mechanisms modulating kinase activity in response to DNA replication stress have been reported, supporting the opposing notions that Cdc7 either plays an active role under these conditions or, conversely, is a final target inactivated by a checkpoint response. We have developed new immnunological reagents to study the properties of human Cdc7 kinase in cells challenged with the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor hydroxyurea or with the DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide. We show that Cdc7.Dbf4 and Cdc7.Drf1 complexes are stable and active in multiple cell lines upon drug treatment, with Cdc7.Dbf4 accumulating on chromatin-enriched fractions. Cdc7 depletion by small interfering RNA in hydroxyurea and etoposide impairs hyper-phosphorylation of Mcm2 at specific Cdc7-dependent phosphorylation sites and drug-induced hyper-phosphorylation of chromatin-bound Mcm4. Furthermore, sustained inhibition of Cdc7 in the presence of these drugs increases cell death supporting the notion that the Cdc7 kinase plays a role in maintaining cell viability during replication stress.
Effect of endophytic <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> on populations of the banana weevil, <i>Cosmopolites sordidus,</i> and their damage in tissue‐cultured banana plants (2008)

Abstract The entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) survives as an endophyte in a wide range of plants, offering substantial protection against tunneling insect pests. Although current research indicates that the fungus can live as an endophyte in tissue‐cultured banana plants, there is no information on the efficacy of endophytic B. bassiana against the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Our study aimed at determining the effects of endophytic B. bassiana on oviposition rate and populations of the banana weevil, and their plant damage. Screenhouse studies were undertaken in which 8‐week‐old B. bassiana ‐inoculated tissue‐cultured banana plants [cultivar Kibuzi, Musa spec. (Musaceae), genome group AAA‐EA] were infested with female banana weevils. Five days after plant infestation with the banana weevil, there was no effect of B. bassiana on oviposition rate and egg hatchability. However, after 15 weeks, the presence of B. bassiana as an endophyte in banana tissues greatly reduced banana weevil populations and their damage to plants. Between 53.4 and 57.7% of the banana weevil adults died because of B. bassiana infection, resulting in a reduction of plant damage by 29.1–62.7% depending on plant part. Beauveria bassiana was re‐isolated from different plant parts, but to a greater extent from the roots and rhizomes than from pseudostem bases. Artificial inoculation of B. bassiana in banana plants caused no negative impact on banana growth. Our study demonstrated for the first time that endophytic B. bassiana reduced populations of C. sordidus and the plant damage they cause, and can thus be an alternative method for effective delivery of this fungus to banana plants for the management of C. sordidus .
A Long Short-Term Memory Model for Answer Sentence Selection in Question Answering (2015)

Di Wang, Eric Nyberg. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers). 2015.
The dissolution state of a triglyceride molecule in water and its orientation state at the air-water interface. (1976)

The relations between the surface tension and the concentration of the aqueous solutions of triacetin, tripropionin, tributyrin, tricaproin, and tricaprylin were determined at 37°. The solubilities and the adsorbed amounts of triglycerides were obtained from these results. Since the solubilities of tricaproin and tricaprylin were extremely low, the corrections for adsorption at the interfaces were necessary to obtain their solubilities. The linear relationship between the logarithm of solubility and the total surface area of hydrophobic groups in a triglyceride molecule which could contact maximally with the water, was found to hold. The smallness of the slope of this straight line in comparison with those of hydrocarbon and alcohol, was interpreted as showing that three hydrophobic chains in a triglyceride molecule may aggregate intramolecularly with one another in the water; threefifths of the total surface area of hydrophobic group are in contact with water and the two-fifths are in contact with hydrophobic group. Moreover, from the molecular area occupied at the air-water interface, it was suggested that the hydrophobic chains in adsorbed monolayer of triacetin might correspond to the "tune-forming" conformation like the β-form crystal of triglyceride; the chains in 1-and 3-position were directed toward the air and the chain in 2-position was directed toward the water.
New Dihydropyrans: Lewis Acid Catalyzed Cycloadditions of α,β‐Unsaturated Acyl Cyanides to Simple, Unactivated Olefins and Dienes: A Readily Accessible Route to Derivatives of Rose Oxide (1982)

Abstract The complete manuscript of this communication appears in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982 , 1819. DOI: 10.1002/anie.198218190
MIDSTREAM URINE CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY TEST IS A POOR PREDICTOR OF INFECTED URINE PROXIMAL TO THE OBSTRUCTING URETERAL STONE OR INFECTED STONES: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY (2004)

The results of this study suggest that in obstructive uropathy secondary to a stone MSU C&S is a poor predictor of infected urine proximal to the obstruction and infected stones.
Advances and Challenges in Islet Transplantation: Islet Procurement Rates and Lessons Learned from Suboptimal Islet Transplantation (2011)

The initial step in successful islet transplantation is procurement of healthy donor islets. Given the limited number of donor pancreata selected for islet isolation and that islets from multiple donors are typically required to obtain insulin independence, it is critical to improve pancreas procurement rates and yield of islets for transplantation. Islets are delicate microorgans that are susceptible to apoptosis, hypoxia, and ischemia during isolation, culture, and the peritransplant period. Once the islets are engrafted, both prompt revascularization and protection from beta-cell death and graft rejection are key to secure long-term survival and function. To facilitate the engraftment of more robust islets suitable for combating the challenging isolation period and proinflammatory transplantation milieu, numerous approaches have been employed to prevent beta-cell dysfunction and death including immune modulation, prevention of apoptosis and hypoxia, as well as stimulation of growth factors, angiogenesis, and reinnervation. In addition to briefly discussing islet isolation procedures, procurement rates, and islet transplantation, the relevant literature pertaining to successful suboptimal islet transplantation is reviewed to provide insight into potential approaches to balance the limited supply of available donor islets.
A novel mouse model of trauma induced heterotopic ossification (2013)

Severe soft tissue trauma is associated with heterotopic ossification (HO), the abnormal deposition of bone at extra-skeletal sites. The pathophysiology of the development of trauma-induced HO remains largely unknown due in part to the lack of appropriate animal models. In this study, we sought to develop a new trauma-induced HO mouse model using muscle impact injury combined with low dose BMP-2. BMP-2 at doses ranging from 0 to 2 µg was injected into quadriceps muscles of adult male C57/BL6 mice. Animals then received a one-time quadriceps impaction injury to mimic the trauma associated with severe injuries. HO was monitored using in vivo microCT scanning at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. After trauma, the expression of BMP-2, -4, BMP receptor 1, SOX9 and RUNX2 were increased in muscle. Although little or no HO was observed in mice receiving 1 µg BMP-2, combining this dose with muscle trauma produced an abundance of HO. At higher doses of BMP-2, trauma did not augment mineral deposition. These results suggest that BMP-2 signaling can sensitize muscle to trauma-induced HO. They also provide the basis for a new model to study the pathogenesis of trauma-induced HO.
Structural Characterization of Normal and Modified Oligonucleotides by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (1991)

Matrix-assisted UV laser desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometry (266 nm, nicotinic acid matrix) can be used for the detailed structural characterization of normal and modified oligonucleotides. The negative ion spectra for these compounds revealed abundant (M - H) (-) ions as well as fragment ions that provided the information necessary to determine oligomer sequence and to differentiate isomers. The nicotinic acid matrix was required for the production of (M - H) (-) ions for the oligonucleotide dimers, trimers, tetramers, and hexamers examined in this study. Elimination of the nicotinic acid matrix resulted in complete loss of the (M -H) (-) ions as well as most of the larger fragment ions for the oligomers. The primary fragmentation pathway was observed to be phosphate ester bond cleavage with the resulting charge retained on the 3' end of the oligomer and enabled isomeric differentiation of compounds such as d(S'-CGCG-3') and d(S'-CCGG-3'). Collisioninduced dissociation experiments of the (M - H) (-) ions for these compounds confirmed the preferential loss of nucleotides from the 5' end of the oligomers. The presence and location of modifications such as methyl and ethyl alkyl groups to the oligonucleotides could also be identified.
Dynamics of Antioxidant Action of Vitamin E (2003)

Vitamin E is the major lipophilic, radical-scavenging antioxidant in vivo and protects humans from the oxidative stress mediated by active oxygen and nitrogen species. The mechanisms of the inhibition of oxidation by vitamin E in vitro are now fairly well understood, but the dynamics of antioxidant action of vitamin E in vivo have not been well elucidated yet, primarily because of the inherent heterogeneity of biological systems. In this Account, the factors which determine the antioxidant capacity of vitamin E are discussed, and the importance of its localization and mobility in the membranes and lipoproteins is emphasized.
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN NEWBORN RATS WITH MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE VI (1997)

These results indicate that BMT in newborn MPS VI patients may prevent many of the pathological and clinical findings in this disorder, but is likely to have very limited and unpredictable effects on the skeletal abnormalities.
Web server support for tiered services (1999)

The evolving needs of conducting commerce using the Internet requires more than just network quality of service mechanisms for differentiated services. Empirical evidence suggests that overloaded servers can have significant impact on user perceived response times. Furthermore, FIFO scheduling done by servers can eliminate any QoS improvements made by network-differentiated services. Consequently, server QoS is a key component in delivering end to end predictable, stable, and tiered services to end users. This article describes our research and results for WebQoS, an architecture for supporting server QoS. We demonstrate that through classification, admission control, and scheduling, we can support distinct performance levels for different classes of users and maintain predictable performance even when the server is subjected to a client request rate that is several times greater than the server's maximum processing rate.
Bipartite network projection and personal recommendation (2007)

One-mode projecting is extensively used to compress bipartite networks. Since one-mode projection is always less informative than the bipartite representation, a proper weighting method is required to better retain the original information. In this article, inspired by the network-based resource-allocation dynamics, we raise a weighting method which can be directly applied in extracting the hidden information of networks, with remarkably better performance than the widely used global ranking method as well as collaborative filtering. This work not only provides a creditable method for compressing bipartite networks, but also highlights a possible way for the better solution of a long-standing challenge in modern information science: How to do a personal recommendation.
Dual beam generation at a ray caustic by a multiplexing computer-generated hologram (2005)

Computer generated holograms (CGHs) are used for testing aspherical surfaces. They are also used for certifying null lens systems that are in turn used to test large aspheric mirrors. We demonstrate that, in order to minimize size, a null-corrector-certifying CGH can be located at a ray caustic. This placement minimizes the required size of the CGH and so makes it possible to certify some null correctors that otherwise, due to current size limitations of high-precision CGHs, could not be certified. Fabrication limits of precision CGHs are in the size range of 200-250 mm and one part in 10;5 in feature placement. Our proof of principle involves a CGH that is about 20mm in diameter with a fabrication tolerance of one part in 10;4.
Elevation in Late-Life Depression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (2000)

These findings support the vascular depression hypothesis, which has important implications for the understanding and management of late-life depression.
Light‐triggered reversible solubility of α‐cyclodextrin and azobenzene moiety complexes in PDMAA‐<i>co</i>‐PAPA via molecular recognition (2007)

Abstract Photoresponsive polymer with azobenzene pendant group (PDMAA‐ co ‐PAPA) was synthesized by radical polymerization of N , N ‐dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and N ‐4‐phenylazophenyl acrylamide (PAPA), and the characterization of the inclusion complexes of the PDMAA‐ co ‐PAPA with α‐cyclodextrin (α‐CD) were performed by FTIR, GPC, 1 H NMR, 2D NOESY, and UV–vis spectroscopy. It was found that the solubility of PDMAA‐ co ‐PAPA and α‐CD inclusion complexes in aqueous solution showed tunable property, which could be triggered by alternating UV–vis light irradiation at a certain temperature due to the effect of molecular recognition of α‐CD with azobenzene moiety in the polymer. After UV irradiation, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymer aqueous solution increased slightly without α‐CD while the LCST decreased sharply at presence of α‐CD. Furthermore, UV spectroscopy showed that the photoisomerization of the polymer solution went on rapidly and reversibly, and 2D NOESY data suggested that the inclusion complexation of α‐CD with trans azobenzene moiety and the decomplexation with cis azobenzene resulted in reversible solubility behavior when objected to UV and Vis light irradiation alternately. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Perfect three-level and three-phase sequences and arrays (1994)

Introduces construction methods for synthesizing new classes of perfect sequences and arrays. Time discrete sequences and arrays are perfect, if their periodic autocorrelation function sidelobes are zero. The construction of perfect three-level and three-phase sequences is performed in two steps. In the first step, a maximal length shift-register sequence with elements in GF(q) is built for a length of g/sup m//spl minus/1, where q is a prime power and m is a positive integer. In the second step, a sequence is constructed by mapping the elements of the shift-register sequence to 1, b/sub 1/ or b/sub 2/. Two real numbers b/sub 1/ and b/sub 2/ are determined such that the sequence becomes perfect and has high energy efficiency. The phase values for complex numbers b/sub 1/ and b/sub 2/ with magnitude 1 are given for perfect three-phase sequences. It is shown that the phase values of b/sub 1/ and b/sub 2/ tend for growing lengths to 2/spl pi//3 and 4/spl pi//3. A different similar synthesizing method starts with Legendre sequences. The construction of perfect three-level and three-phase arrays is performed by several methods, which make use of the new respective sequences.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Organization of the human lipoprotein lipase gene and evolution of the lipase gene family. (1989)

The human lipoprotein lipase gene was cloned and characterized. It is composed of 10 exons spanning approximately equal to 30 kilobases. The first exon encodes the 5'-untranslated region, the signal peptide plus the first two amino acids of the mature protein. The next eight exons encode the remaining 446 amino acids, and the tenth exon encodes the long 3'-untranslated region of 1948 nucleotides. The lipoprotein lipase transcription start site and the sequence of the 5'-flanking region were also determined. We compared the organization of genes for lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, pancreatic lipase, and Drosophila yolk protein 1, which are members of a family of related genes. A model for the evolution of the lipase gene family is presented that involves multiple rounds of gene duplication plus exon-shuffling and intron-loss events.
<title>VIEWNET: a neural architecture for learning to recognize 3D objects from multiple 2D views</title> (1994)

A self-organizing neural network is developed for recognition of 3-D objects from sequences of their 2-D views. Called VIEWNET because it uses view information encoded with networks, the model processes 2-D views of 3-D objects using the CORT-X 2 filter, which discounts the illuminant, regularizes and completes figural boundaries, and removes noise from the images. A log-polar transform is taken with respect to the centroid of the resulting figure and then re-centered to achieve 2-D scale and rotation invariance. The invariant images are coarse coded to further reduce noise, reduce foreshortening effects, and increase generalization. These compressed codes are input into a supervised learning system based on the Fuzzy ARTMAP algorithm which learns 2-D view categories. Evidence from sequences of 2-D view categories is stored in a working memory. Voting based on the unordered set of stored categories determines object recognition. Recognition is studied with noisy and clean images using slow and fast learning. VIEWNET is demonstrated on an MIT Lincoln Laboratory database of 2-D views of aircraft with and without additive noise. A recognition rate of up to 90% is achieved with one 2-D view category and of up to 98.5% correct with three 2-D view categories.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.