gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Case History: Internally Coated Completion Workstring Successes (2002)

Abstract Completion workstrings must endure an extremely hostile environment of erosive and corrosive fluids. Today's improved internal plastic coatings can protect the significant investment in drill pipe from erosion/corrosion, as well as minimize completion trouble time caused by pipe debris (scale). An internally coated, Class 2 drill string was used for 2!/2 years to successfully Frac Pack seventeen, high productivity, Gulf of Mexico Deepwater completions in the Genesis Field. More than 2,000,000 pounds of abrasive proppant was pumped without a pipe failure.
Implementing SELinux as a Linux Security Module (2003)

2. Acknowledgements................................................................................................................................6
Efficient synthesis of 2-oxy-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrins from a nitroporphyrin by a novel multi-step cine-substitution sequence (1984)

(2-Nitro-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)copper(II)(1) reacts with sodium benzylate or sodium methoxide in dimethylformamide by a novel aromatic nucleophilic substitution-nucleophilic addition sequence in which hydrogen is the leaving group to give the corresponding 2,2-dialkoxy-3-dihydroporphyrins which are efficiently converted into 2-alkoxyporphyrins in two steps; the overall sequence accomplishes a cine-substitution.
RADIOGRAPHIC ESTIMATION OF VERTEBRAL ROTATION IN SCOLIOSIS (1973)

1. The radiographic appearance of normal thoracic and lumbar vertebrae at 15-degree intervals of rotation is described. Each image can be identified by its characteristic features. 2. The appearance on antero-posterior radiographs of apical vertebrae in scoliosis closely resembles the normal at each phase of rotation, on the basis of which an image-matching method is proposed for estimating rotation in scoliosis. 3. The method gives only approximate values of rotation but has the advantage of being able to monitor rotation through 90 degrees.
LABORATORY CULTIVATION OF THE MARINE COPEPOD <i>PSEUDODIAPTOMUS CORONATUS</i> WILLIAMS1, 2 (1961)

Pseudodiaptomus coronatus Williams was reared at 20°C through 4 consecutive generations, in individual beakers containing 70 cc natural water (20–25‰) using Chlamydomonas as food. There were 5 nauplius and 6 copepodite instars. The average generation time was 25 days. Copepodite development was faster in males than in females. The rate of oviposition depended on the presence of males. Females isolated from males after copulation produced up to two viable clutches of eggs. The ability of copepodites to attach to substrata and the relatively high passive sinking speed of adults may contribute to the spatial distribution of estuarine populations.
Text formatting by demonstration (1991)

In text formatters such as troff, Scribe, and TEX, users write macro procedures to specify the desired visual appearance. In What-You-See-Is-What-You-Get text formatters, such as MacWrite and Microsoft Word, the formatting is specified by directly manipulating the text. However, some important functionality is lost in these systems since they are not programmable, For example, if the user wants to change the formatting and content of all the chapter headings or page headings, each one must be individually edited. If they had been generated by macros, then editing the macro definition would change them all at once. This paper describes the design for a demonstrational text formatter that allows the user to directly manipulate the formatting of one example, and then the system automatically creates the macro by generalizing the example. This technique makes the formatting for headers, itemized lists, tables, bibliographic references, and many other parts of documents significantly easier to specify and edit.
Sodium Ion Transport Mechanisms in Antiperovskite Electrolytes Na<sub>3</sub>OBr and Na<sub>4</sub>OI<sub>2</sub>: An <i>in Situ</i> Neutron Diffraction Study (2016)

Na-rich antiperovskites are recently developed solid electrolytes with enhanced sodium ionic conductivity and show promising functionality as a novel solid electrolyte in an all solid-state battery. In this work, the sodium ionic transport pathways of the parent compound Na3OBr, as well as the modified layered antiperovskite Na4OI2, were studied and compared through temperature-dependent neutron diffraction combined with the maximum entropy method. In the cubic Na3OBr antiperovskite, the nuclear density distribution maps at 500 K indicate that sodium ions hop within and among oxygen octahedra, and Br(-) ions are not involved. In the tetragonal Na4OI2 antiperovskite, Na ions, which connect octahedra in the ab plane, have the lowest activation energy barrier. The transport of sodium ions along the c axis is assisted by I(-) ions.
A survey of food recommenders (2018)

Everyone eats. However, people do not always know what to eat. They need a little help and inspiration. Consequently, a number of apps, services, and programs have developed recommenders around food. These cover food, meal, recipe, and restaurant recommendations, which are the most common use cases, but also other areas such as substitute ingredients, menus, and diets. The latter is especially important in the area of health and wellness where users have more specific dietary needs and goals. In this survey, we review the food recommender literature. We cover the types of systems in terms of their goals and what they are recommending, the datasets and signals that they use to train models, the technical approaches and model types used, as well as some of the system constraints.
Drug-Induced Teratogenesis in vitro: Inhibition of Calcification by Different Tetracyclines (1966)

Inhibition of calcification in embryonic bone rudiments was studied in the presence of several tetracyclines at three different concentrations. Different criteria for calcification and different concentrations of tetracyclines yielded parallel results and showed significant differences in the inhibitory action of the various compounds. The clear-cut results indicate that the test-system that was developed may be useful for the comparison of various teratogens under simplified controllable conditions.
Functional interdependence of DNA polymerizing and 3′→5′ exonucleolytic activities in Pyrococcus furiosus DNA polymerase I (2000)

Pyrococcus furiosus DNA polymerase I (Pol BI) belongs to the family B (alpha-like) DNA polymerases and has a strong 3'-->5' exonucleolytic activity, in addition to its DNA polymerizing activity. To understand the relationship between the structure and function of this DNA polymerase, three deletion mutants, Delta1 (DeltaLeu746-Ser775), Delta2 (DeltaLeu717-Ser775) and Delta3 (DeltaHis672-Ser775), and two substituted mutants of Asp405, D405A and D405E, were constructed. These substitutions affected both the DNA polymerizing and the 3'-->5' exonucleolytic activities. The Delta1 mutant protein had DNA polymerizing activity with higher specific activity than that of the wild-type Pol BI, but retained only 10% of the exonucleolytic activity of the wild-type. The other two deletion mutants lost most of both activities. These results suggest that the DNA polymerizing and exonucleolytic activities are closely related to each other in the folded structure of this DNA polymerase, as proposed in the family B DNA polymerases.
Sur l'acide dinitro‐4,5‐éthoxy‐2‐benzoïque (1949)

Abstract La nitration de l'acide nitro‐4‐éthoxy‐2‐benzoïque conduit à l'acide dinitro‐4,5‐éthoxy‐2‐benzoïque; dans ce composé, le groupe nitro situé en 4 est mobile et se laisse remplacer directement par d'autres substituants.
Transition metal-promoted carbon-carbon bond formation by reductive dimerization of carbon disulfide: direct synthesis of the bis(1,2-dithiolene-like) tetrathiooxalato (C2S4) ligand from carbon disulfide by reaction with the dimeric nickel(I) complexes Ni2(.eta.5-C5R5)2(.mu.-CO)2 (R = H, Me) (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition metal-promoted carbon-carbon bond formation by reductive dimerization of carbon disulfide: direct synthesis of the bis(1,2-dithiolene-like) tetrathiooxalato (C2S4) ligand from carbon disulfide by reaction with the dimeric nickel(I) complexes Ni2(.eta.5-C5R5)2(.mu.-CO)2 (R = H, Me)Joseph J. Maj, A. David Rae, and Lawrence F. DahlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 15, 4278–4280Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00379a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00379a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and mesomorphism of fluoroalkylated organometallic mesogens (2005)

The first examples of liquid crystalline chloro-bridged dinuclear palladium organyls carrying semiperfluorinated alkyl chains at their peripheries have been synthesised. The liquid crystalline properties were investigated using polarised optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray scattering. Compounds with six semifluorinated chains and two alkyl chains show hexagonal columnar liquid-crystalline phases with dramatically enhanced mesophase stabilities compared to the related hydrocarbon derivatives, which have only monotropic discotic nematic phases. Compounds with only four semifluorinated alkyl chains and two alkyl chains exhibit enantiotropic smectic A and monotropic smectic C mesophases. Preliminary experiments with mixed systems (eight-chain compounds and six-chain compounds, as well as binary systems with dodecane or TNF) were also carried out.
The preparation and properties of grafts of polycaprolactam on vinyl copolymers (1959)

Abstract The reaction between vinyl polymers bearing reactive function ( e.g. , COOMe, COOH, NH 2 ) and caprolactam should lead to the formation of grafted side chains of nylon 6 on a backbone of vinyl polymer. With styrene‐methyl acrylate (S/MA) co‐polymers in particular, the reaction initiated by water by 220–250°C. has been followed by measuring the melt viscosity, and the resultant polymers have been characterized. Combination takes place, but complication limit the extent of reation, e.g. , loss of amino groups, crosslinking, inhomogeneity of the reaction melt. Soluble graft copolymers are formed only if the D.P. of the vinyl polymer is low, and the methyl acrylate content is high, e.g. , 1:1 S/MA copolymers of D.P. 60 and 2:1 copolymer of D.P. 150 both give homogeneous graft copolymers. All other 1:1 and 2:1 copolymers of higher D.P. give insoluble products, because of crosslinking. For all copolymers in which the S/MA ratio is > 2:1, very little reaction occurs, and the products can be separated by solvent extraction into three fractions, viz. nylon 6, unchanged S/MA copolymer, and a graft copolymer. At high S/MA ratios, irrespective of the D.P., the two polymers are incompatible, and reaction is confined to the polyamide‐copolymer interfaces. The soluble graft copolymers were characterized by elemental and endgroup analysis, melting points, melt viscosity, soluble viscosity, and infrared spectoscopy. The interaction of styrene‐maleic anhydride and styrene‐acrylic acid copolymers with nylon 6 leads invariably to insoluble products.
Implementing Intelligent Techniques for the Advanced Alarm Processing (2009)

A major power system disturbance could trigger hundreds and sometimes thousands of individual alarms and events. A better and simpler description of the problems affecting the power system is an urgent need for the operators. The task of an Intelligent Alarm Processor (IAP) is to analyze thousands of alarm messages and extract the information that explains cause-effect sequences associated with the network events. In this sense, Fuzzy Reasoning Petri-nets is a very powerful intelligent technique to deal with the complexities of the power system fault and alarm processing. A graphical FRPN model is build in this paper based on the optimal structure and uses fuzzy logic parameters to effectively tackle the uncertainties. Case studies are presented to demonstrate the capability of the IAP under real fault scenarios.
Effects of inductively coupled plasma oxidation on the properties of polycrystalline silicon films and thin film transistors (1999)

We investigated the effects of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) oxidation on the properties of polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) films and thin film transistors (TFTs). The ICP oxidation in oxygen plasma passivated the dangling bonds in the poly-Si films, not by oxygen incorporation but by hydrogen incorporation; but the incorporated hydrogen diffused out during the TFT fabrication, so that the effect of the dangling bond passivation was not obtained in the TFT. The ICP oxidation did not remove the intragranular defects such as microtwins and stacking faults, but it reduced the interface trap density and also improved the performance of the poly-Si TFT. The field effect mobility of TFT with an ICP oxide and low-pressure chemical vapor deposited (LPCVD) oxide double layer was 30.6 cm2/V s, while that of TFT with only a LPCVD oxide was 17.2 cm2/V s.
Related Clones Containing SCC <i>mec</i> Type IV Predominate among Clinically Significant <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Isolates (2003)

SCCmec is a mobile genetic element that carries the gene (mecA) mediating methicillin resistance in staphylococci. For Staphylococcus aureus, four SCCmec types have been described, one (type IV) of which has been associated with newly identified community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus. However, the distribution of SCCmec types among S. epidermidis is not known. SCCmec typing of a collection of 44 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) isolates recovered between 1973 and 1983 from the blood of patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) was performed by PCR amplification of key genetic elements (mecA, mecI, IS1272, and ccrAB). Of the 44 isolates, 1 (2%) harbored SCCmec type I, 15 (34%) harbored type II, 12 (28%) harbored type III, and 16 (36%) harbored type IV. The complete nucleotide sequence of SCCmec type IV was determined for 16 isolates and found to be identical in size (24 kb) and 98% homologous to DNA sequences published for S. aureus. Type IV SCCmec was also common (5 of 10 isolates) among a geographically dispersed collection of 10 recent (1998 to 2001) S. epidermidis bloodstream isolates. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (using the same seven genes presently employed for S. aureus MLST) of these MRSE isolates and of 10 additional recent geographically dispersed methicillin-susceptible isolates demonstrated that all 16 PVE isolates and 2 of 5 recent isolates harboring type IV SCCmec were in three related clonal groups. All three MSSE PVE isolates recovered from patients between 1976 and 1979 were in the same clonal groups as type IV SCCmec MRSE isolates. These data support the hypothesis of intra- and interspecies transfer of type IV SCCmec and suggest that there are clonal associations in S. epidermidis that correlate with SCCmec type.
Optimizing hybrid metrology: rigorous implementation of Bayesian and combined regression (2015)

Hybrid metrology, e.g. the combination of several measurement techniques to determine critical dimensions, is an important approach to meet the needs of semiconductor industry. A proper use of hybrid metrology may not only yield more reliable estimates for the quantitative characterization of 3-D structures but also a more realistic estimation of the corresponding uncertainties. Recent developments at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) feature the combination of optical critical dimension (OCD) measurements and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results. The hybrid methodology offers the potential to make measurements of essential 3-D attributes that may not be otherwise feasible. However, combining techniques gives rise to essential challenges in error analysis and comparing results from different instrument models, especially the effect of systematic and highly correlated errors in the measurement on the ¬χ<sup>2</sup> function that is minimized. Both hypothetical examples and measurement data are used to illustrate solutions to these challenges.
Enhancing effect of IFN-gamma on helper T cell activity and IL 2 production. (1985)

A single injection of young murine immune interferon (IFN-gamma) in young (3 mo) or old (14 to 24 mo) mice 3 days before carrier-priming significantly enhances helper T cell activity of their spleen cells. Maximal enhancement is attained when IFN-gamma is injected once immediately before priming or for 4 consecutive days from the time of priming. Helper activity for anti-TNP antibody response was titrated in vitro by adding graded numbers of spleen cells from HRBC-primed mice of a given age to cultures containing a constant number of spleen cells from 3-mo-old normal mice and TNP-HRBC. When T cell-enriched spleen cells from HRBC-primed young or old mice, uninjected or injected with IFN-gamma, were separated by nylon wool filtration into passed (Thi) and adherent (Th2) cells, the helper activity of both T cell subpopulations was found to be enhanced by IFN-gamma injection. Helper activity of purified Th1 and Th2 cells was also increased by their in vitro preincubation with IFN-gamma. Furthermore, interleukin 2 (IL 2) production by mitogen-activated spleen cells from young and old mice is enhanced by addition of IFN-gamma to cultures. These data altogether indicate that IFN-gamma plays an important role in immunoregulation of helper T cell activity.
Gesture recognition from video sequences (2009)

In this thesis, we aim to recognize gestures (e.g. hand raising) and more generally short actions (e.g. fall, bending) accomplished by an individual. Many techniques have already been proposed for gesture recognition in specific environment (e.g. laboratory) using the cooperation of several sensors (e.g. camera network, individual equipped with markers). Despite these strong hypotheses, gesture recognition is still brittle and often depends on the position of the individual relatively to the cameras. We propose to reduce these hypotheses in order to conceive general algorithm enabling the recognition of the gesture of an individual involving in an unconstrained environment and observed through limited number of cameras. The goal is to estimate the likelihood of gesture recognition in function of the observation conditions. Our method consists of classifying a set of gestures by learning motion descriptors. These motion descriptors are local signatures of the motion of corner points which are associated with their local textural description. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our motion descriptors by recognizing the actions of the public databases KTH and IXMAS.
A Risk-Aware Architecture for Autonomous Vehicle Operation Under Uncertainty (2020)

A significant barrier to deploying autonomous vehicles (AVs) on a massive scale is safety assurance. Several technical challenges arise due to the uncertain environment in which AVs operate, such as road and weather conditions, errors in perception and sensory data, and model inaccuracy. This paper proposes a system architecture for risk-aware AVs capable of reasoning about uncertainty and deliberately bounding collision risk below a given threshold. The system comprises of three main subsystems. First, a perception subsystem that detects objects within a scene and quantifies the uncertainty arising from different sensing and communication modalities. Second, an intention recognition subsystem that predicts the driving-style and the intention of agent vehicles and pedestrians. Third, a planning subsystem that takes into account the aggregate uncertainty, from perception, intention recognition, and tracking error, and outputs control policies that explicitly bound the probability of collision. We deliberate further on the planner and show, in simulation, that tuning a risk parameter can significantly alter driving behavior. We believe that such a white-box approach is crucial for safe and explainable autonomous driving and the public adoption of AVs.
Triazole-Linked Analogue of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (<sup>TL</sup>DNA): Design, Synthesis, and Double-Strand Formation with Natural DNA (2008)

A new triazole-linked analogue of DNA ((TL)DNA) has been designed and synthesized using click chemistry. The chain elongation reaction using copper-catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition was successful and gave the artificial oligonucleotide that formed a stable double strand with the complementary strand of natural DNA.
Local field potential spectral tuning in motor cortex during reaching (2006)

In this paper, intracortical local field potentials (LFPs) and single units were recorded from the motor cortices of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) while they preformed a standard three-dimensional (3-D) center-out reaching task. During the center-out task, the subjects held their hands at the location of a central target and then reached to one of eight peripheral targets forming the corners of a virtual cube. The spectral amplitudes of the recorded LFPs were calculated, with the high-frequency LFP (HF-LFP) defined as the average spectral amplitude change from baseline from 60 to 200 Hz. A 3-D linear regression across the eight center-out targets revealed that approximately 6% of the beta LFPs (18-26 Hz) and 18% of the HF-LFPs were tuned for velocity (p-value < 0.05), while 10% of the beta LFPs and 15% of the HF-LFPs were tuned for position. These results suggest that a multidegree-of-freedom brain-machine interface is possible using high-frequency LFP recordings in motor cortex.
Sentinel-5: the new generation European operational atmospheric chemistry mission in polar orbit (2017)

Sentinel-5 is an Earth Observation instrument to be flown on the Metop Second Generation (Metop-SG) satellites with the fundamental objective of monitoring atmospheric composition from polar orbit. The Sentinel-5 instrument consists of five spectrometers to measure the solar spectral radiance backscattered by the earth atmosphere in five bands within the UV (270nm) to SWIR (2385nm) spectral range. Data provided by Sentinel-5 will allow obtaining the distribution of important atmospheric constituents such as ozone, on a global daily basis and at a finer spatial resolution than its precursor instruments on the first generation of Metop satellites. The launch of the first Metop-SG satellite is foreseen for 2021. The Sentinel-5 instrument is being developed by Airbus DS under contract to the European Space Agency. The Sentinel-5 mission is part of the Space Component of the Copernicus programme, a joint initiative by ESA, EUMETSAT and the European Commission. The Preliminary Design Review (PDR) for the Sentinel-5 development was successfully completed in 2015. This paper provides a description of the Sentinel-5 instrument design and data calibration.