gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pyloricidins, Novel Anti-Helicobacter pylori Antibiotics Produced by Bacillus sp. I. Taxonomy, Fermentation and Biological Activity. (2001)

Novel anti-Helicobacter pylori antibiotics, pyloricidins A, A1, A2, B, C and D, were discovered in the culture broth of two bacilli strains. Pyloricidins selectively inhibited the growth of H. pylori. Pyloricidin B was efficacious in the treatment of gastric infection caused by H. pylori in Mongolian gerbils and may be promising for cure of H. pylori infection as a single agent.
5.4: A Defect Free Bistable C1 SSFLC Display (2002)

Abstract A defect free, large memory angle, high contrast ratio and bistable C1 SSFLC display, which has potential for E‐paper and Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) applications has been developed using 5° oblique SiO deposition alignment. The electro‐optical properties and bistability of this display have been investigated. Various aspects of defect control are also discussed.
The Status of Women among the Greeks - Joseph Vogt: Von der Gleichwertigkeit der Geschlechter in der Bürgerlichen Gesellschaft der Griechen. (Akad. d. Wiss. in Mainz, Abh. d. Geistes- u. Sozialwiss. Kl., 1960. 2.) Pp. 47. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1960. Paper, DM. 4.40. (1962)

The Status of Women among the Greeks - Joseph Vogt: Von der Gleichwertigkeit der Geschlechter in der Bürgerlichen Gesellschaft der Griechen. (Akad. d. Wiss. in Mainz, Abh. d. Geistes- u. Sozialwiss. Kl., 1960. 2.) Pp. 47. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1960. Paper, DM. 4.40. - Volume 12 Issue 3
Cloning of a <i>Streptococcus lactis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> Chromosomal Fragment Associated with the Ability To Grow in Milk (1987)

A chromosomal fragment of 6.7 megadaltons (MDa), apparently containing the genes for milk protein utilization by Streptococcus lactis subsp. lactis SSL135, was cloned in S. lactis subsp. lactis MG1614, a proteinase-negative strain. For the cloning, the chromosomal DNA of SSL135 was cleaved with restriction enzyme BamHI and the resulting fragments were ligated to the single BclI site of pVS2, a 3.3-MDa chloramphenicol-erythromycin double-resistance plasmid constructed in this laboratory. S. lactis subsp. lactis MG1614 was transformed by using this ligation mixture and selecting for chloramphenicol resistance and growth in citrated milk medium. One clone containing a 10.0-MDa plasmid, subsequently designated as pVS6, was chosen for further studies. Despite the lack of homology with previously characterized proteinase genes of lactic streptococci, the cloned insert consistently conveyed the ability to grow in milk to proteinase-negative recipients in repeated transformation experiments. The genetic evidence suggests that the main part of the gene(s) for the proposed proteinase activity is located within a 3.8-MDa BglII fragment of the clone.
Truncating PREX2 mutations activate its GEF activity and alter gene expression regulation in NRAS-mutant melanoma (2016)

PREX2 (phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac-exchange factor 2) is a PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) binding protein that is significantly mutated in cutaneous melanoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Here, genetic and biochemical analyses were conducted to elucidate the nature and mechanistic basis of PREX2 mutation in melanoma development. By generating an inducible transgenic mouse model we showed an oncogenic role for a truncating PREX2 mutation (PREX2(E824)*) in vivo in the context of mutant NRAS. Using integrative cross-species gene expression analysis, we identified deregulated cell cycle and cytoskeleton organization as significantly perturbed biological pathways in PREX2 mutant tumors. Mechanistically, truncation of PREX2 activated its Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity, abolished binding to PTEN and activated the PI3K (phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase)/Akt signaling pathway. We further showed that PREX2 truncating mutations or PTEN deletion induces down-regulation of the tumor suppressor and cell cycle regulator CDKN1C (also known as p57(KIP2)). This down-regulation occurs, at least partially, through DNA hypomethylation of a differentially methylated region in chromosome 11 that is a known regulatory region for expression of the CDKN1C gene. Together, these findings identify PREX2 as a mediator of NRAS-mutant melanoma development that acts through the PI3K/PTEN/Akt pathway to regulate gene expression of a cell cycle regulator.
Continuous Transcutaneous Oxygen Tension Measured with a Heated Electrode (1973)

A new oxygen electrode was constructed and tested. The Clark-type of cell is applied on the skin and has a heating unit. The latter serves to maintain vasodilatation, constant temperature of the electrode, and as a relative means of monitoring blood flow. Eight patients were studied during inhalation provocation tests. Transcutaneous blood PO2 (tcPO2) was of the same order of magnitude as arterial PO2 (PaO2) and changed parallel to PaO2 with a time lag of about 30 seconds. PO2 increased with the degree of hyperventilation in all patients and decreased in those five subjects who became asthmatic. PO2 may be monitored for several hours with the skin electrode.
Query based hybrid learning models for adaptively adjusting locality (2012)

Local learning employs locality adjusting mechanisms to give local function estimation for each query, while global learning tries to capture the global distribution characteristics of the entire training set. When fitting well with local characteristics of each individual region, the locality parameter may help local learning to improve performance. However, the real data distribution is impossible to get for a real-world problem, and thus an optimal locality is hard to get for each query. In addition, it is quite time-consuming to build an independent local model for each query. To solve these problems, we present strategies for estimating and tuning locality according to local distribution. Based on local distribution estimation, global learning and local learning are combined to achieve a good compromise between capacity and locality. In addition, multi-objective learning principles for the combination are also given. In implementation, a unique global model is first built on the entire training set based on empirical minimization principle. For each query, it is measured that whether the global model can well fit the vicinity space of the query. When an uneven local distribution is found, the locality of the model is tuned, and a specific local model will be built on the local region. To investigate the performance of hybrid models, we apply them to a typical learning problem-spam filtering, in which data are always found to be unevenly distributed. Experiments were conducted on five real-world corpora, namely PU1, PU2, PU3, PUA, and TREC07. It is shown that the hybrid models can achieve a better compromise between capacity and locality, and hybrid models outperform both global learning and local learning.
Distributed application tamper detection via continuous software updates (2012)

We present a new general technique for protecting clients in distributed systems against Remote Man-at-the-end (R-MATE) attacks. Such attacks occur in settings where an adversary has physical access to an untrusted client device and can obtain an advantage from tampering with the hardware itself or the software it contains.
The sensitivity of hexaploid and octoploid triticales and their parent species to copper deficiency (1979)

The tolerance of two triticales to soil of low copper status was determined in deep pots in a glasshouse experiment, and compared with the tolerance of their wheat and rye parent types. Both tetraploid and hexaploid wheats were extremely sensitive to copper deficiency, producing no grain without copper added to the soil. In contrast, rye and the hexaploid triticale were completely tolerant of the copper-deficient soil, producing as much grain without added copper as at the highest rate of copper supply. The octoploid triticale produced about 60% of maximum grain yield in the unamended soil, a performance intermediate between its rye and hexaploid-wheat parents. The cause of grain failure in the wheats was pollen sterility induced by copper deficiency, and this was related to low uptake of copper into the shoot and heads of wheat from the unamended soil. The pattern of uptake of zinc was quite different from that of copper in these plants, which suggests that a specific uptake mechanism for copper exists in rye which is genetically controlled and transferable to triticale, its hybrid with wheat. The copper efficiency so conferred on triticale would appear to be adequate for most field situations where copper deficiency exists.
Tendon Tissue Engineering Using Cell-Seeded Umbilical Veins Cultured in a Mechanical Stimulator (2008)

The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of cyclic mechanical stimulation on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded within human umbilical veins (HUVs), and to determine the potential of the engineered constructs to function as tendon tissue replacement models. Decellularized HUVs were seeded with MSCs embedded in type I collagen hydrogel. A mechanical stimulator for tissue engineering applications was specifically designed to cyclically tension the constructs for durations up to 2 weeks, where controls were left untensioned. This HUV model system seeded with a cellular collagen gel, coupled with mechanical stimulation, resulted in improved mechanical properties compared to other tendon tissue engineered constructs composed of cellular collagen gel alone, without any additional supporting scaffold. After 2 weeks of culture an increase in cell number was measured for both tensioned and untensioned constructs; however, the increase was at least eightfold higher for stimulated samples. Microscopically, cyclically tensioned samples showed parallel orientation of collagen fibers and spindle-shaped cell nuclei mimicking the morphology of native tendons. Moreover, mechanostimulation resulted in significantly stronger (156%) and stiffer (109%) constructs compared to untensioned samples. This engineered tendon model had an ultimate tensile strength value only one order of magnitude lower than human tendons and strain values in the range of human tendons. The results documented are promising and can be further improved by optimizing potentially critical culture parameters such as seeding density, loading regimes, and mechanostimulation durations.
X.—NEW BOOKS (1952)

X.—NEW BOOKS The Conditions of Knowing. By ANGUS SINCLAIR. London: Roultedge and Kegan Paul Ltd., 1951. Pp. 260. 21s. BERNARD MAYO BERNARD MAYO Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume LXI, Issue 242, April 1952, Pages 290–292, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LXI.242.290 Published: 01 April 1952
Preparation Conditions of Extracts from Salmon Frame using an Autoclave (2009)

This study was conducted to investigate optimal conditions for preparation of extracts from salmon frame using an autoclave. According to the results of various extraction conditions (extraction method, extraction time, volume and pH of extraction solution, and necessity of re-extracting), higher quality extracts could be prepared by adding salmon frame into 3 times (vol/wt) of water to raw material, and then autoclaving for 4 hrs before filtering extracts with cheese cloth. For efficient use as basic materials of liquid or powder Gomtang, however, fish odor of the extracts prepared under optimal condition should be improved.
In Search of Suitable Control Methods for Semi-Active Tuned Vibration Absorbers (2004)

The main purpose of this study is to identify a suitable control method for semi-active tuned vibration absorbers (TVAs) in structural vibration applications. Four control policies are considered. The semi-active control schemes include the following: velocity-based, on-off groundhook control (on-off VBG); velocity-based, continuous groundhook control (continuous VBG); displacement-based, on-off groundhook control (on-off DBG); and displacement-based, continuous groundhook control (continuous DBG). A force-excited model that can be representative of many structural systems is adapted as the baseline model for our analysis. Each of the control policies is applied to the baseline model coupled with a TVA. In order to equally evaluate the control policies, the TVA parameters are optimized according to each policy using numerical optimization techniques. The optimal design parameters are obtained based on minimization of peak transmissibility. The performances of each of the optimized cases are then compared along with the equivalent passive model using the peak transmissibility criteria. The results indicate that all of the semi-active peak transmissibilities are lower than those of the passive, implying that the semi-active TVAs are more effective in reducing vibration levels. The results further indicate that on-off DBG performs the best among the considered control polices.
Dielectric Constants of Zr Silicates: A First-Principles Study (2002)

Using density-functional theory, we compute the optical and static dielectric constants for a set of Zr silicates modeled by various SiO2 crystals, with Zr atoms substitutional to Si, and by an amorphous structure. We then derive a microscopic scheme that relates the dielectric constants to structural units centered on Si and Zr atoms through the definition of characteristic parameters. Applied to amorphous (ZrO2)(x)(SiO2)(1-x), these schemes describe the observed dependence of the dielectric constants on the Zr concentration and highlight the role of ZrO6 units.
Detection Technology in the 21st Century: The Case of Nuclear Weapons of Mass Destruction (2008)

From the time of the first nuclear detonation by the Soviets after World War II until the fall of the USSR and the declaration of victory in the Cold War, it has been nuclear WMD that have held the spotlight in American foreign policy WMD were briefly placed on the back burner as the nation enjoyed its "peace dividend" at the end of the century The events of September II, 2001, were a wakeup call to America about the reality of the New World Order Unlike the Cold War period, in which the primary threat was a massive Soviet nuclear attack or annihilation from an escalating war between nation-states, the post-Cold War era has been marked by the rise in the number of rogue states, failing states, and the emergence of non-state actors with both the means and desire to acquire and use WMD. Overcoming these challenges has become the center of American force planning and military strategy What has become clear in all of these changes over the last decade is that proliferation and deterrence have increased in importance as strategic issues in the security paradigm The two pillars of American deterrence policies, retaliation and denial, rely on the ability to detect the presence of nuclear material and attribute it to a particular ongoing In the new strategic environment, this ability has become the cornerstone of deterrence This paper will discuss the current and emerging technologies that make possible the direct detection of nuclear and radiological materials or devices that might become, or are already part of a WMD It will also put forth recommendations for the future direction of development that will best accomplish the strategy stated above.
A Survey of Visualization Tools Assessed for Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Analysis (2014)

Abstract : Security visualization remains relatively an immature term. The idea of security visualization is the need for novel techniques that are fine-tuned for aiding cyber security analysts in distinguishing benign and malicious data. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) aim to do just that and the focus is more on the detection capability and not on presentation to the end user. For example, Snort logs a variety of information to a flat text file that requires additional parsing. The shortcoming of IDS is that no satisfactory solution to using visualization as an aid to intrusion detection (ID) has been developed and deployed. In particular, this report chooses to focus on the survey of current visualization tools that can enhance an IDS becoming more deployable. From this assessment, we provide suggestions of visualization tool compatibilities that best meet the needs of the anomaly-based intrusion detection analysis.
Discovery of novel splice forms and functional analysis of cancer-specific alternative splicing in human expressed sequences (2003)

We report here a genome-wide analysis of alternative splicing in 2 million human expressed sequence tags (ESTs), to identify splice forms that are up-regulated in tumors relative to normal tissues. We found strong evidence (P < 0.01) of cancer-specific splice variants in 316 human genes. In total, 78% of the cancer-specific splice forms we detected are confirmed by human-curated mRNA sequences, indicating that our results are not due to random mis-splicing in tumors; 73% of the genes showed the same cancer-specific splicing changes in tissue-matched tumor versus normal datasets, indicating that the vast majority of these changes are associated with tumorigenesis, not tissue specificity. We have confirmed our EST results in an independent set of experimental data provided by human-curated mRNAs (P-value 10(-5.7)). Moreover, the majority of the genes we detected have functions associated with cancer (P-value 0.0007), suggesting that their altered splicing may play a functional role in cancer. Analysis of the types of cancer-specific splicing shifts suggests that many of these shifts act by disrupting a tumor suppressor function. Sur prisingly, our data show that for a large number (190 in this study) of cancer-associated genes cloned originally from tumors, there exists a previously uncharacterized splice form of the gene that appears to be predominant in normal tissue.
Recent developments in diisocyanate asthma (2001)

Despite recent advances in our understanding of diisocyanate-induced asthma, this disease remains a perplexing phenomenon. Studies reported in the past year have focused on: (i) diisocyanate antigens; (ii) the role of airway and skin epithelium; (iii) human immune responses to exposure; (iv) neurogenic pathways; and (v) genetic factors that may confer susceptibility. These studies support the hypothesis that diisocyanate asthma results from the host immune response to these chemicals, and may represent a mixed T helper type 1/2 response. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of diisocyanate asthma should facilitate the development of better diagnostic tests and strategies for disease surveillance and intervention.
Surgical Bailout Therapy after Implantation of a Medtronic CoreValve Bioprosthesis (2012)

Moderate-to-severe paraprosthesic leak causing hemodynamic deterioration and left ventricular remodeling can occur after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We present the case of a 75-year-old woman who underwent TAVI with a 26 mm CoreValve prosthesis complicated with an acute left ventricle dilatation due to a severe paravalvular leak. Patient was unresponsive to elective balloon post-dilatation, and therefore she was successfully treated with open-heart surgery to remove the malfunctioning CoreValve bioprosthesis and perform standard aortic valve replacement.
Size-Dependent PbS Quantum Dot Surface Chemistry Investigated via Gel Permeation Chromatography (2020)

We report the first comprehensive study on the purification of PbS quantum dots (QDs) using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). GPC enables the efficient and repeatable separation of unbound small molecules from QDs in a homogeneous solvent environment. This separation allows us to gain further insight into the surface capping layer of PbS QDs and measure the ligand density on QDs of different sizes. We find that small oleate-capped PbS QDs are stable in solution in toluene after purification by GPC with negligible free ligand concentrations. However, purification of larger-diameter QDs reveals two oleate populations that persist after multiple GPC purifications: one with a broad olefin resonance characteristic of strongly bound ligands in smaller QDs, and the other with a narrower peak suggesting dynamic exchange with freely diffusing species. Variable-temperature NMR indicates a reversible equilibrium between the two populations, which is also observed in samples purified through precipitation with a polar solvent. The observation of two oleate populations following GPC purification is maintained even when the large-diameter QDs are formed using a strictly anhydrous procedure that should eliminate the presence of water, hydroxide, or oleic acid in as-synthesized samples. In conducting this strictly anhydrous synthesis, we incidentally observe that water plays a role in determining the resultant size of PbS QDs prepared by traditional methods compared to their anhydrous analogues. Understanding how the surfaces of PbS QDs are terminated should aid in interpreting their behavior in subsequent ligand exchange steps as necessary for diverse applications.
Age Dependence of Viral Expression: Comparative Pathogenesis of Two Rodent-Adapted Strains of Measles Virus in Mice (1974)

The pathogenesis of two rodent-adapted strains of measles virus was studied in 1- to 2-day-old suckling and 4-week-old weanling BALB/c mice. Both the mouse-adapted Edmonston (MAEd) strain and the hamster-neurotropic (HNT) strain caused necrotizing giant-cell encephalitis with a 90 to 100% mortality after intracerebral inoculation into suckling mice. After intracerebral inoculation into weanling mice, MAEd virus caused fatal disease in 20% of the mice; HNT virus caused fatal disease in 30%, but an additional 35% of these mice developed disease and then recovered. Even when mice were moribund there was little histological evidence of disease in weanling mice inoculated intracerebrally with either strain of virus. Fluorescent-antibody staining showed extensive measles virus antigen in the suckling mouse brain and focal areas of measles virus antigen in the weanling mouse brain. Infectious virus was recovered easily from the brains of suckling mice by plaquing on Vero cells, but no infectious virus could be recovered similarly from weanling mice. However, virus could be recovered by intracerebral inoculation of weanling mouse tissue homogenates into suckling animals. The immune response appeared to play no role in the recovery from infection or in these age-related differences in disease. It appears that maturation of the cells of the mouse central nervous system converted the production of measles virus from the infectious form in the suckling mouse to a primarily defective infection in the weanling mouse.
Avidity of anti-P aeruginosa antibodies during chronic infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (1999)

In patients with cystic fibrosis a high avidity of a beta ab could contribute to a more efficient inhibition of the beta-lactamase by these antibodies, resulting in the better lung function seen in this group. The immunopathological implication of the failure in avidity maturation of antibodies in chronic infection is discussed.
Explaining the Saddlepoint Approximation (1999)

Abstract Saddlepoint approximations are powerful tools for obtaining accurate expressions for densities and distribution functions. We give an elementary motivation and explanation of approximation techniques, starting with Taylor series expansions and progressing to the Laplace approximation of integrals. These approximations are illustrated with examples of the convolution of simple densities. We then turn to the saddlepoint approximation and, using both the Fourier inversion formula and Edgeworth expansions, we derive the saddlepoint approximation to the density of a single random variable. We next approximate the density of the sample mean of iid random variables, and also demonstrate the technique for approximating the density of a maximum likelihood estimator in exponential families.