gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Recognition of Modified Adenine Nucleotides by the P2Y<sub>1</sub>-Receptor. 1. A Synthetic, Biochemical, and NMR Approach (1999)

The remarkably high potencies of 2-thioether-adenine nucleotides regarding the activation of the P2Y(1)-receptor (P2Y(1)-R) in turkey erythrocyte membranes represent some of the largest substitution-promoted increases in potencies over that of a natural receptor ligand. This paper describes the investigation regarding the origin of the high potency of these P2Y(1)-R ligands over that of ATP. For this study, an integrated approach was employed combining the synthesis of new ATP analogues, their biochemical evaluation, and their SAR analysis involving NMR experiments and theoretical calculations. These experiments and calculations were performed to elucidate the conformation and to evaluate the electronic nature of the investigated P2Y(1)-R ligands. ATP analogues synthesized included derivatives where C2 or C8 positions were substituted with electron-donating groups such as ethers, thioethers, or amines. The compounds were tested for their potency to induce P2Y(1)-R-mediated activation of phospholipase C in turkey erythrocytes and Ca(2+) response in rat astrocytes. 8-Substituted ATP and AMP derivatives had little or no effect on phospholipase C or on calcium levels, whereas the corresponding 2-substituted ATP analogues potently increased the levels of inositol phosphates and ¿Ca(2+)(i). AMP analogues were ineffective except for 2-butylthio-AMP which induced a small Ca(2+) response. P2Y(1)-R activity of these compounds was demonstrated by testing these ligands also on NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells. NMR data together with theoretical calculations imply that steric, rather than electronic, effects play a major role in ligand binding to the P2Y(1)-R. Hydrophobic interactions and H-bonds of the C2 substituent appear to be important determinants of a P2Y(1)-R ligand affinity.
Proteasome-Mediated Degradation of Cotranslationally Damaged Proteins Involves Translation Elongation Factor 1A (2004)

Rad23 and Rpn10 play synergistic roles in the recognition of ubiquitinated proteins by the proteasome, and loss of both proteins causes growth and proteolytic defects. However, the physiological targets of Rad23 and Rpn10 have not been well defined. We report that rad23Delta rpn10Delta is unable to grow in the presence of translation inhibitors, and this sensitivity was suppressed by translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A). This discovery suggested that Rad23 and Rpn10 perform a role in translation quality control. Certain inhibitors increase translation errors during protein synthesis and cause the release of truncated polypeptide chains. This effect can also be mimicked by ATP depletion. We determined that eEF1A interacted with ubiquitinated proteins and the proteasome following ATP depletion. eEF1A interacted with the proteasome subunit Rpt1, and the turnover of nascent damaged proteins was deficient in rpt1. An eEF1A mutant (eEF1A(D156N)) that conferred hyperresistance to translation inhibitors was much more effective at eliminating damaged proteins and was detected in proteasomes in untreated cells. We propose that eEF1A is well suited to detect and promote degradation of damaged proteins because of its central role in translation elongation. Our findings provide a mechanistic foundation for defining how cellular proteins are degraded cotranslationally.
Towards better inlining decisions using inlining trials (1994)

Inlining trials are a general mechanism for making better automatic decisions about whether a routine is profitable to inline. Unlike standard source-level inlining heuristics, an inlining trial captures the effects of optimizations applied to the body of the inlined routine when calculating the costs and benefits of inlining. The results of inlining trials are stored in a persistent database to be reused when making future inlining decisions at similar call sites. Type group analysis can determine the amount of available static information exploited during compilation, and the results of analyzing the compilation of an inlined routine help decide when a future call site would lead to substantially the same generated code as a given inlining trial. We have implemented inlining trials and type group analysis in an optimizing compiler for SELF, and by making wiser inlining decisions we were able to cut compilation time and compiled code space with virtually no loss of execution speed. We believe that inlining trials and type group analysis could be applied effectively to many high-level languages where procedural or functional abstraction is used heavily.
SC-19220, a prostaglandin E2 antagonist, inhibits osteoclast formation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in cell cultures (2016)

1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), prostaglandin (PG) E2 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) induce osteoclast formation in cell cultures. Previously, we have shown that SC-19220, an antagonist of the EP1 subtype of PGE receptors, inhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cell formation by PGE2 and PTH in adherent cell cultures taken from neonatal rats. Since 1,25(OH)2D3 has been shown to induce osteoclast for-mation through PGE2 synthesis, in this study we have examined the eVect of SC-19220 on osteoclast formation induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 in cell cultures by measuring bone resorption as well as TRAP-positive cell formation. SC-19220 inhibited osteoclast formation by 1,25(OH)2D3 as well as by PGE2 in cell cultures. The addition of SC-19220 to the later half but not to the earlier half of the culture inhibited 1,25(OH)2D3-induced formation. In the culture in which hydroxyurea was added in the later half period, SC-19220 inhibited osteoclast formation by 1,25(OH)2D3. Under these conditions, 17-phenyl PGE1, an EP1 agonist, induced osteoclast formation. Thus, SC-19220 inhibits certain reactions in the later processes of osteoclast formation induced by 1,25(OH)2D3. In addition, SC-19220 also inhibited osteoclast formation induced by interleukin (IL)-11 and IL-6 as well as by PTH. It is suggested that the SC-19220 inhibiting reactions are shared by all the inducers including 1,25(OH)2D3 and are essential for osteoclast formation.
Phase-transfer-catalyzed Michaelis-Becker reaction (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase-transfer-catalyzed Michaelis-Becker reactionKenneth M. Kem, Nghi V. Nguyen, and Dennis J. CrossCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 25, 5188–5192Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00338a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00338a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views895Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MASTL inhibition promotes mitotic catastrophe through PP2A activation to inhibit cancer growth and radioresistance in breast cancer cells (2018)

Our data suggested that MASTL inhibition promoted mitotic catastrophe through PP2A activation, which led to the inhibition of cancer cell growth and a reversal of radioresistance in breast cancer cells.
Depth of focus of optical systems with a small amount of spherical aberration (1990)

The diffraction focus of optical systems with circular and annular exit pupils affected with primary, secondary and tertiary spherical aberration is calculated for some values of aberration coefficients and obscuration ratios. The depth of focus of these systems is also given.
Memory-Efficient Group-by Aggregates over Multi-Way Joins (2019)

Aggregate computation in relational databases has long been done using the standard unary aggregation and binary join operators. These implement the classical model of computing joins between relations two at a time, materializing the intermediate results, and then proceeding to do either sort-based or hash-based aggregate computation to derive the final result. This approach, however, can be dramatically sub-optimal in the case of low-selectivity joins, and often ends up generating large intermediate results even if the relations involved as well as the final result sets themselves are quite small. Moreover, many of the computed intermediate results may never be part of the final result. In this paper we propose a novel aggregate query processing technique that leverages graph data structures towards efficiently answering aggregate queries over joins, without materializing intermediate join results. We wrap this technique inside a multi-way composite database operator called JOIN-AGG that combines Join and Aggregation. We provide a general framework for executing aggregation queries over arbitrary acyclic joins, involving any number of group-by attributes from any relation. We also present a thorough experimental evaluation on both real world and synthetic datasets. Our experiments show that our operators can achieve orders of magnitude lower query times and memory requirements compared to the traditional approach, even when implemented outside of the database system.
11.7 mW green InGaAs-laser-pumpederbium fibre laser (1994)

A room-temperature erbium-doped fluoride glass upconversion fibre laser generated 11.7 mW of 544 nm continuous-wave laser light when pumped by a 150 mW, 971 nm InGaAs semiconductor laser. A similar laser system, enclosed in a compact (432cm3) package produced 4 mW of green laser light. A long time-constant hysteresis effect in the excitation mechanism, as well as active electronic noise reduction are discussed.
Pre-RAKE diversity combination for direct sequence spread spectrum communications systems (2002)

A novel method of multipath diversity signal combination is proposed for mobile direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) communications. Multiple transmissions are made for each spread signal. Each transmission is independently delayed and amplified in the complex domain according to the delay profile and the estimated path strength of the channel. This is done to facilitate reception of a signal at the mobile unit which is already a RAKE combination of the multipath signals. This method is called a pre-RAKE combination system because the RAKE combination function is performed pre-transmission. Using this method the size and complexity of the mobile unit can be kept to a minimum. The pre-RAKE method retains the advantages of diversity reception in a multi-path fading environment. An examination of the SNR for the traditional RAKE and the pre-RAKE systems and computer simulations show that the performance of the pre-RAKE system is equivalent to that of the RAKE system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficient, bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells based on boron subphthalocyanine chloride-C70 (2012)

In this work, we describe the performance of organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) based on the electron donor-acceptor pairing of boron subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc) and C70. As an acceptor, C70 is a promising alternative to C60 due to its red-shifted absorption edge and large extinction coefficient, permitting increased photocurrent generation. In uniformly mixed OPVs based on SubPc:C70, peak power conversion efficiency is realized in devices containing 80 wt. % C70. Further enhancement in device performance can be realized through the use of a continuously graded donor-acceptor heterojunction. The optimized graded heterojunction OPV shows a power conversion efficiency of ηP = (5.4 ± 0.2)% under simulated AM1.5 G solar illumination at 100 mW/cm2. This efficiency is significantly larger than the value of ηP = (4.5 ± 0.1)% realized using C60 due to a substantial increase in the short-circuit current density.
Names into Words, and Other Examples of the Possibilities of Extending the Boundaries of Literary Onomastics (1980)

SUNY Brockport
Consistency in replicated continuous interactive media (2000)

In this paper we investigate how consistency can be ensured for replicated continuous interactive media, i.e., replicated media which change their state in reaction to user initiated operations as well as because of the passing of time. Typical examples for this media class are networked computer games and distributed VR applications. Existing approaches to reach consistency for replicated discrete interactive media are briefly outlined and it is shown that these fail in the continuous domain. In order to allow a thorough discussion of the problem, a formal definition of the term consistency in the continuous domain is given. Based on this definition we show that an important tradeoff relationship exists between the responsiveness of the medium and the appearance of short-term inconsistencies. Until now this tradeoff was not taken into consideration for consistency in the continuous domain, thereby severely limiting the consistency related fidelity for a large number of applications. We show that for those applications the fidelity can be significantly raised by voluntarily decreasing the responsiveness of the medium. This concept is called local lag. It enables the distribution of continuous interactive media that are more vulnerable to short-term inconsistencies than, e.g., battlefield simulations. We prove that the concept of local lag is valid by describing how local lag was successfully used to ensure consistency in a 3D telecooperation application.
Tomato R2R3-MYB Proteins SlANT1 and SlAN2: Same Protein Activity, Different Roles (2015)

Anthocyanins are water-soluble polyphenolic compounds with a high nutraceutical value. Despite the fact that cultivated tomato varieties do not accumulate anthocyanins in the fruit, the biosynthetic pathway can be activated in the vegetative organs by several environmental stimuli. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating anthocyanin synthesis in tomato. Here, we carried out a molecular and functional characterization of two genes, SlAN2 and SlANT1, encoding two R2R3-MYB transcription factors. We show that both can induce ectopic anthocyanin synthesis in transgenic tomato lines, including the fruit. However, only SlAN2 acts as a positive regulator of anthocyanin synthesis in vegetative tissues under high light or low temperature conditions.
Intergranular Corrosion Following Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloy 7075-T651 (1999)

Friction stir welding (FSW), a relatively new solid-state joining process, is used to join Al alloys of all compositions, including alloys essentially considered unweldable. This study focused on microstructures in FSW Al alloy 7075-T651 (AA 7075-T651 [UNS 97075-T651]), an alloy not commonly fusion welded, and the resultant corrosion susceptibility. Although the heat input associated with FSW was relatively low and the time at temperature was short compared to fusion welding, localized microstructures, chemical segregation, and precipitate distributions were created that generally are not present in parent metal AA 7075-T651. Typically, in the weld and heat affected zone (HAZ), the times at peak temperature were short, cooling was relatively rapid, and peak temperatures were &lt; ≈ 500°C. Accordingly, a corresponding microstructural gradient developed from the weld nugget into the unaffected parent metal with the precipitate distribution in and around grain boundaries reflecting this temperature excursion. Some of these microstructures, when exposed to a corrosive environment, showed selective grain boundary attack and a decrease in the pitting potential relative to the parent metal. A characterization of the microstructure and localized chemistry differences within the weld zones suggested that the decrease in corrosion resistance correlated with a depletion of Cu within the grain boundaries and precipitate-free zones. These results provided evidence that the lowered resistance to intergranular corrosion following FSW of AA 7075-T651 was caused by a difference in pitting potentials.
Root and Shoot Modification by Irrigation (1998)

Irrigation methods, rates, timing, and frequency may influence the physical and chemical properties of the growing media thereby affecting root initiation, elongation, branching, development and dry matter partitioning between roots and shoots.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL AND X‐RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE REACTION PRODUCTS IN THE 1,3‐DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION OF DIAZOMETHANE TO P‐TOLUQUINONE (1984)

Abstract p‐Toluchinon (I) reagiert mit Diazomethan zu einem Gemisch von 1,3‐dipolaren Addukten (II)/ (III) und (IV)/(V).
The Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Acetophenone. New Synthesis of a Cyclic Ketosulfone (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Acetophenone. New Synthesis of a Cyclic KetosulfoneArthur W. Weston and C. M. SuterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 2, 389–391Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1939https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01871a046RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views409Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (341 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
ATAR: An Adaptive Thermal-Aware Routing Algorithm for 3-D Network-on-Chip Systems (2018)

3-D network-on-chip (NoC) is gaining popularity among designers due to scalability, higher bandwidth, fault tolerance, and reliability. However, the stacking of multiple dies leads to severe thermal problems due to increase in power density. Unequal traffic distribution across the chip and higher power density results in higher on-chip temperature resulting in performance degradation, increase in leakage power, and circuit failure. In this paper, a novel routing method called adaptive thermal-aware routing (ATAR) is proposed to alleviate peak on-chip temperature. The proposed technique is simulated using AccessNoxim simulator. The parameters for simulation are taken from Global Foundries and Tezzaron Semiconductors. Analysis of the simulation and experimental results shows that ATAR-based designs make the on-chip traffic and thermal distribution more uniform. Different traffic patterns are used for the validation of simulation, and 3-D design platforms are developed to demonstrate thermal optimization in high-performance 3-D NoC-based parallel processing systems.
Dynamic strength behavior of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass under shock loading (2015)

Dynamic strength behavior of Zr51Ti5Ni10Cu25Al9 bulk metallic glass (BMG) up to 66 GPa was investigated in a series of plate impact shock-release and shock-reload experiments. Particle velocity profiles measured at the sample/LiF window interface were used to estimate the shear stress, shear modulus, and yield stress in shocked BMG. Beyond confirming the previously reported strain-softening of shear stress during the shock loading process for BMGs, it is also shown that the softened Zr-BMG still has a high shear modulus and can support large yield stress when released or reloaded from the shocked state, and both the shear modulus and the yield stress appear as strain-hardening behaviors. The work provides a much clearer picture of the strength behavior of BMGs under shock loading, which is useful to comprehensively understand the plastic deformation mechanisms of BMGs.
Receptor-mediated glutamate release from volume sensitive channels in astrocytes (2005)

Several lines of work have shown that astrocytes release glutamate in response to receptor activation, which results in a modulation of local synaptic activity. Astrocytic glutamate release is Ca(2+)-dependent and occurs in conjunction with exocytosis of glutamate containing vesicles. However, astrocytes contain a millimolar concentration of cytosolic glutamate and express channels permeable to small anions, such as glutamate. Here, we tested the idea that astrocytes respond to receptor stimulation by dynamic changes in cell volume, resulting in volume-sensitive channel activation, and efflux of cytosolic glutamate. Confocal imaging and whole-cell recordings demonstrated that astrocytes exhibited a transient Ca(2+)-dependent cell volume increase, which activated glutamate permeable channels. HPLC analysis revealed that glutamate was released in conjunction with other amino acid osmolytes. Our observations indicate that volume-sensitive channel may constitute a previously uncharacterized target for modulation of astrocyte-neuronal interactions.
Efficient electron emissions from printed CNTs by surface treatments (2004)

The fabrication of carbon nano-tube (CNT) emitters with excellent field emission properties is described. CNT clusters synthesized by arc discharge were crushed, mixed with conductive pastes and then screen-printed. In order to obtain efficient field emissions, the mechanical surface treatment was applied to the printed CNT films. The measurements carried out using a diode structure reveal that the electron emission of the surface-treated CNT films uniformly turned-on with a field as low as about 1.0 V//spl mu/m. The emission current density was about 5 mA/cm/sup 2/ at a field of 4 V//spl mu/m. The vacuum packaged panel without an evacuation tube showed a stable emission image with a high brightness.