gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network aware virtual machine allocation and decision tree based MapReduce run time prediction in the cloud (2013)

The emergence of cloud computing brings an entire new computing paradigm which allows the user to request virtualized physical computing resources from data center. These physical computing resources are represented in the vision of virtual machines (VMs). Within a cloud datacenter, all of the computing resources are virtualized as a pool. These VMs share the entire computing resources in this pool, including CPU cores, memory and disks. Theoretically, the user could acquire infinite computing capability. In addition, the computing resource virtualization facilitates the migration of the VM from a physical node to another so that the downtime could be eliminated. However, the concurrent VM allocation and migration policies aim at maximizing the utilization rate of physical computing resources in the datacenter. The network communication cost is largely ignored. As the growth of the scale of data center, the logical distance between the VMs and its data could be further so that the communication cost increases.\nThis research aims at proposing a VM allocation and migration policy with network I/O performance consideration so that the communication cost can be optimized. The allocation policy will decide the first physical place of the VM in the datacenter, whereas the migration policy will migrate the next physical place when the network status deteriorates. Also, the implementation of the proposed VM allocation and migration policy would cause the decrease of the physical resource utilization rate. We propose an approach to comprise the network status optimization and decrease of resource utilization rate. In this approach, we predict the execution time of the VM so that the available CPU time of a physical node can be known before actual deploy the VM. If the VM is allocated on the physical node with maximum available CPU time, the utilization rate could be optimized. Among the nodes with better network status and the nodes with more CPU available time, we assign index to them so that we can make a balance between communication cost and physical resource utilization rate.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN VILSMEIER‐HAACK REACTION PART 8, SYNTHESIS OF NEW HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVES FROM BENZOTHIAZOLE, 6‐METHOXY‐BENZOXAZOLE, NAPHTH‐1,2‐OXAZOLE, AND NAPHTH‐2,1‐OXAZOLE (1974)

Abstract Reaktion des Benzothiazols (I) mit dem Vilsmeier‐Reagenz (II) liefert das Malondialdehyd‐Derivat (III); die analogen Verbindungen (Va), (Vb) und (VII) werden dagegen ausgehend von den Verbindungen (IV) bzw. (VI), aus denen sich in situ die entsprechenden (I)‐analogen Heterocyclen bilden, gewonnen.
Engineered protein scaffolds for molecular recognition (2000)

The use of so-called protein scaffolds has recently attracted considerable attention in biochemistry in the context of generating novel types of ligand receptors for various applications in research and medicine. This development started with the notion that immunoglobulins owe their function to the composition of a conserved framework region and a spatially well-defined antigen-binding site made of peptide segments that are hypervariable both in sequence and in conformation. After the application of antibody engineering methods along with library techniques had resulted in first successes in the selection of functional antibody fragments, several laboratories began to exploit other types of protein architectures for the construction of practically useful binding proteins. Properties like small size of the receptor protein, stability and ease of production were the focus of this work. Hence, among others, single domains of antibodies or of the immunoglobulin superfamily, protease inhibitors, helix-bundle proteins, disulphide-knotted peptides and lipocalins were investigated. Recently, the scaffold concept has even been adopted for the construction of enzymes. However, it appears that not all kinds of polypeptide fold which may appear attractive for the engineering of loop regions at a first glance will indeed permit the construction of independent ligand-binding sites with high affinities and specificities. This review will therefore concentrate on the critical description of the structural properties of experimentally tested protein scaffolds and of the novel functions that have been achieved on their basis, rather than on the methodology of how to best select a particular mutant with a certain activity. An overview will be provided about the current approaches, and some emerging trends will be identified. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Abbreviations used: ABD albumin-binding domain of protein G APPI Alzheimer's amyloid β-protein precursor inhibitor BBP bilin-binding protein BPTI bovine (or basic) pancreatic trypsin inhibitor BSA bovine serum albumin CBD cellulose-binding domain of cellobiohydrolase I CD circular dichroism Cdk2 human cyclin-dependent kinase 2 CDR complementarity-determining region CTLA-4 human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 FN3 fibronectin type III domain GSH glutathione GST glutathione S-transferase hIL-6 human interleukin-6 HSA human serum albumin IC50 half-maximal inhibitory concentration Ig immunoglobulin IMAC immobilized metal affinity chromatography KD equilibrium constant of dissociation Ki equilibrium dissociation constant of enzyme inhibitor LACI-D1 human lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor pIII gene III minor coat protein from filamentous bacteriophage f1 PCR polymerase-chain reaction PDB Protein Data Bank PSTI human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor RBP retinol-binding protein SPR surface plasmon resonance TrxA E. coli thioredoxin
Chemical Processing of Nanostructured Materials (1993)

Several methods of making nanostructured materials by chemical processing are discussed: pyrolysis of aerosols and gels, condensation of powder from the gas phase, and gas/solid reactions.
Macrophage Fcγ<sub>2b</sub> receptor expression and receptor‐ mediated phospholipase activity: regulation by endogenous eicosanoids (1985)

The expression of Fc gamma 2b receptors and receptor-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism by murine peritoneal macrophages was examined in vitro. The expression of Fc gamma 2b receptors was found to increase progressively with time in culture and this increase was dependent on protein synthesis and glycosylation. The increase in Fc gamma 2b receptor expression was inhibited by hydrocortisone and by BW755C, an inhibitor of both the lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism. Inhibition by BW755C was found to be reversed in the presence of exogenous leukotriene D4. In contrast, selective inhibition of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway by indomethacin enhanced the increase in receptor expression. This enhancement was only partially reversed by exogenous prostaglandin (PG)E2. Interaction of the Fc gamma 2b receptor with ligand in the form of erythrocytes specifically sensitized with IgG2b resulted in the release and subsequent metabolism of arachidonic acid. PGE2 was found to be the principal product. Occupation of the Fc gamma 2a receptor did not result in arachidonic acid release. Down regulation of Fc gamma 2b receptor expression produced a commensurate reduction in receptor-mediated phospholipase activity measured by arachidonic acid release. Macrophages cultured for 24 h in the presence of fetal calf serum without additional stimuli produced substantial amounts of eicosanoids. PGI2 was the principal product. Taken together these data demonstrate a potential feedback regulation of receptor-triggered arachidonic acid metabolism by eicosanoids acting at the level of Fc gamma 2b receptor expression.
Radiofrequency versus Microwave Ablation in a Hepatic Porcine Model (2005)

MW and RF ablation zones are similar in pathologic appearance and imaging characteristics. Increased length with MW ablation is likely caused by the length of the radiating segment of the antenna. MW ablation may be less affected by the heat-sink effect that is thought to contribute to local recurrence after RF ablation.
A weakly supervised adaptive triplet loss for deep metric learning (2019)

We address the problem of distance metric learning in visual similarity search, defined as learning an image embedding model which projects images into Euclidean space where semantically and visually similar images are closer and dissimilar images are further from one another. We present a weakly supervised adaptive triplet loss (ATL) capable of capturing fine-grained semantic similarity that encourages the learned image embedding models to generalize well on cross-domain data. The method uses weakly labeled product description data to implicitly determine fine grained semantic classes, avoiding the need to annotate large amounts of training data. We evaluate on the Amazon fashion retrieval benchmark and DeepFashion in-shop retrieval data. The method boosts the performance of triplet loss baseline by 10.6% on cross-domain data and out-performs the state-of-art model on all evaluation metrics.
Hippocampus-based contextual memory alters the morphological characteristics of astrocytes in the dentate gyrus (2016)

Astrocytes have been reported to exist in two states, the resting and the reactive states. Morphological changes in the reactive state of astrocytes include an increase in thickness and number of processes, and an increase in the size of the cell body. Molecular changes also occur, such as an increase in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). However, the morphological and molecular changes during the process of learning and memory have not been elucidated. In the current study, we subjected Fvb/n mice to contextual fear conditioning, and checked for morphological and molecular changes in astrocytes. 1 h after fear conditioning, type II and type III astrocytes exhibited a unique status with an increased number of processes and decreased GFAP expression which differed from the typical resting or reactive state. In addition, the protein level of excitatory excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) was increased 1 h to 24 h after contextual fear conditioning while EAAT1 did not show any alterations. Connexin 43 (Cx43) protein was found to be increased at 24 h after fear conditioning. These data suggest that hippocampus-based contextual memory process induces changes in the status of astrocytes towards a novel status different from typical resting or reactive states. These morphological and molecular changes may be in line with functional changes.
FAK and paxillin dynamics at focal adhesions in the protrusions of migrating cells (2014)

Cell migration requires the fine spatiotemporal integration of many proteins that regulate the fundamental processes that drive cell movement. Focal adhesion (FA) dynamics is a continuous process involving coordination between FA and actin cytoskeleton, which is essential for cell migration. We studied the spatiotemporal relationship between the dynamics of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin at FAs in the protrusion of living endothelial cells. Concurrent dual-color imaging showed that FAK was assembled at FA first, which was followed by paxillin recruitment to the FA. By tracking and quantifying FAK and paxillin in migrating cells, the normalized FAK/Paxillin fluorescence intensity (FI) ratio is > 1 (≈ 4 fold) at cell front, ≈ 1 at cell center, and < 1 at cell rear. The significantly higher FAK FI than paxillin FI at cell front indicates that the assembly of FAK-FAs occurs ahead of paxillin at cell front. To determine the time difference between the assemblies of FAK and paxillin at nascent FAs, FAs containing both FAK and paxillin were quantified by image analysis and time correlation. The results show that FAK assembles at the nascent FAs earlier than paxillin in the protrusions at cell front.
The distribution of 5-methylcytosine in the nuclear genome of plants (1992)

We have determined the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) content in high molecular weight DNA, from two dicot (tobacco and pea) and two monocot (wheat and maize) plant species, fractionated according to base composition. The results show that the proportion of 5mC in the genomic fractions increases linearly with their guanine + cytosine (G + C) content while the proportion of non-methylated cytosine remains almost constant. This can be interpreted as a consequence of a difference in mutation pressure related to spontaneous deamination of 5mC to thymine between the different compartments of plant genomes.
XML, a new start for the Web (2000)

<!--HTML-->Lecture 1\nXML: what it is, how one uses it (SAX, DOM), its relation to other W3C and ISO standards (SGML, HTML, Unicode)\n\nLecture 2\nXSL: transforming and styling XML information (documents, databases, web sites)\n\nLecture 3\nXML-based specifications: XPointer, XLink, SVG, XSchema, MathML, \nXHTML.\n\nLecture 4\nXML at CERN (detector description, EDMS, Databases, event viewing, \ndocument storage)<BR><BR><I>Note: Please note the unusual place: Council Chamber, bldg 503 on 23 May\n</I>
Wellbore Liquid Blockage in Gas-Condensate Reservoirs (1998)

Abstract Gas condensate reservoirs have long presented production problems when the pressure around the well bore drops below the dewpoint pressure. The formation of the condensate around the well bore can be thought of as an additional "skin" that causes a reduction in the gas flow rates. Many processes have been used successfully to prevent or reduce the formation of liquids within the entire reservoir, such as pressure maintenance schemes and gas cycling processes. The pressure maintenance scheme is designed to keep the reservoir pressure at or above the dewpoint pressure while the gas cycling process is intended to reduce the liquid dropout by vaporization. Often times the pressure in the near-wellbore region of the reservoir falls below the dewpoint pressure, while the pressure in the reservoir remains higher than the dewpoint pressure. As the near–wellbore pressure drops below the dewpoint pressure, retrograde condensation occurs leading to the formation and then the mobilization of the condensate phase towards the producing wells. The liquid phase accumulates in the near wellbore region, forming a ring, which progressively reduces the gas deliverability. This study is designed to provide an insight into the mechanism of gas injection process in reducing gas-well productivity losses due to condensate blocking in the near wellbore region. The effectiveness of lean gas, N2, and CO2 Huff ‘n’ Puff injection technique in removing the liquid dropout accumulation in and around the wellbore is evaluated. Results of the study show the importance of selecting the optimum injection volume and pressure for the successful use of the Huff ‘n’ Puff process in gas condensate reservoirs.
Relationship between species composition of birds crossing over boundaries of patchy woodlands and surrounding landcover (2014)

Recent studies have indicated that conditions of surrounding landscape matrix around a habitat patch can influence avian community in the patch. This fact suggests the importance of the permeability of habitat boundaries for bird individuals. In this study species composition of birds in and around woodland patches and that of birds crossing over the woodland boundaries were surveyed in urban or suburban landscapes in central Japan. The results were as follows. 1) In suburban landscapes urban avoider species are not likely to cross woodland patch boundaries while urban adapter species are. 2) In urban landscapes urban exploiter species and two corbid species tend to cross woodland boundaries while the other species do not. 3) Species composition of birds crossing a woodland boundary varies with vegetation structure and abundance of buildings outside the boundary. We conclude that land cover outside a woodland patch can influence the movement of bird individuals across the boundary and therefore the utility of landscape matrix for them. If we want to improve biodiversity within a landscape through increasing of habitat connectivity we should also consider permeability of habitat boundaries.
A Polymorphic λ-calculus with Type:Type (1986)

acknowledgment of the authors and individuals contributors to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproducing, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to the Systems Research Center. All rights reserved. Page 1
Characterization of an Alternate Form of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein (2005)

The sequence and structure of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion (F) protein are consistent with its classification as a type 1 glycoprotein. We have previously reported, however, that F protein can be detected in at least two topological forms with respect to membranes in both a cell-free protein synthesizing system containing membranes and infected COS-7 cells (J. Virol. 77:1951-1963, 2003). One form is the classical type 1 glycoprotein, while the other is a polytopic form in which approximately 200 amino acids of the amino-terminal end as well as the cytoplasmic domain (CT) are translocated across membranes. Furthermore, we detected CT sequences on surfaces of F protein-expressing cells, and antibodies specific for these sequences inhibited red blood cell fusion to hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and F protein-expressing cells, suggesting a role for surface-expressed CT sequences in cell-cell fusion. Extending these findings, we have found that the alternate form of the F protein can also be detected in infected and transfected avian cells, the natural host cells of NDV. Furthermore, the alternate form of the F protein was also found in virions released from both infected COS-7 cells and avian cells by Western analysis. Mass spectrometry confirmed its presence in virions released from avian cells. Two different polyclonal antibodies raised against sequences of the CT domain of the F protein slowed plaque formation in both avian and COS-7 cells. Antibody specific for the CT domain also inhibited single-cycle infections, as detected by immunofluorescence of viral proteins in infected cells. The potential roles of this alternate form of the NDV F protein in infection are discussed.
Large exchange interactions in the electron gas of GaAs quantum wells (1989)

Inelastic-light-scattering measurements show that exchange Coulomb interactions in the two-dimensional electron gas of GaAs microstructures are more important than previously anticipated. Small-wave-vector spectra from modulation-doped quantum wells exhibit unexpected single-particle intersubband transitions in addition to collective spin-density and charge-density modes. From the measured spectral energies the direct and exchange intersubband Coulomb interactions are determined and found to be of comparable strengths.
SQLGraph (2015)

We show that existing mature, relational optimizers can be exploited with a novel schema to give better performance for property graph storage and retrieval than popular noSQL graph stores. The schema combines relational storage for adjacency information with JSON storage for vertex and edge attributes. We demonstrate that this particular schema design has benefits compared to a purely relational or purely JSON solution. The query translation mechanism translates Gremlin queries with no side effects into SQL queries so that one can leverage relational query optimizers. We also conduct an empirical evaluation of our schema design and query translation mechanism with two existing popular property graph stores. We show that our system is 2-8 times better on query performance, and 10-30 times better in throughput on 4.3 billion edge graphs compared to existing stores.
The S-PLUS DataBlade for INFORMIX-Universal Server. The natural wedding of an object relational database with an object-oriented data analysis engine (2002)

The S-PLUS DataBlade module for the INFORMIX-Universal Server (IUS) combines the strength of a powerful and extensible object-relational database management system with the powerful data analysis, modeling and visualization capabilities of the object-oriented S-PLUS environment. We perform S-PLUS data analysis on data stored in IUS using SQL, the industry-standard query language. The S-PLUS DataBlade module allows S-PLUS expressions and commands to be embedded within SQL expressions, and to conveniently pass data between IUS and S-PLUS. This paper describes the architecture and the capabilities of the S-PLUS DataBlade module.
Cartographic transformations and the piezopleth maps method (1989)

Numerous types of anamorphoses, or cartographic transformations, have been perfected, leading to a distorted picture as compared to the usual map representations. Piezopleth maps are a particular case; their construction rests on a physical model used for strength resistance calculations and structures resolution in civil engineering. Locations and thematic variables are combined in the same process; their interrelations point out the differences in potential and are expressed by distortions of surfaces of the structure and shifting of locations. This process, which requires the elaboration of a geographical background with a mesh structure, gives unusual but very expressive maps, whether in comparing phenomenons on a given date or the same phenomenon through time.
Pinning of a bed of particles in a vertical channel by a cross flow of gas (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPinning of a bed of particles in a vertical channel by a cross flow of gasJean C. Ginestra and Roy JacksonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1985, 24, 2, 121–128Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100018a001https://doi.org/10.1021/i100018a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
468. The preparation and properties of some bivalent transition-metal tetrafluoroborate–methyl cyanide complexes (1962)

B. J. Hathaway, D. G. Holah and A. E. Underhill, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 2444 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620002444
Interhelical DNA-DNA crosslinking. Bis(monoazidomethidium)octaoxahexacosanediamine: a probe of packaged nucleic acid (1982)

We describe the synthesis and purification of a new light-sensitive bifunctional molecule, bis(monoazidomethidium)octaoxahexacosanediamine (BAMO) (1), which contains all the criteria presumed necessary for an interhelical DNA-DNA cross-linker: a photoreactive DNA intercalator, monoazidomethidium, and a polyethyleneoxy chain sufficiently long (>25 Å) to span contiguous nucleic acid double helices. We also present evidence that BAMO efficiently cross-links packaged nucleic acid in intact bacteriophage λ.