gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Chiral Phosphine−Phosphite Ligands in the Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation (2000)

A series of chiral phosphine-phosphite ligands 1-6 have been synthesized and used in the enantioselective palladium-catalyzed reaction of rac-1,3-diphenyl-2-propenyl acetate with dimethyl malonate as nucleophile. Ligands 1a, 2, 3, 5a, 6a, and 6b have been synthesized starting from racemic tert-butylphenylphosphinoborane. The use of dynamically resolved Li phosphide (-)-sparteine provided the optically pure ligands. Crystals of the allylpalladium (6a) complex were obtained, suitable for X-ray crystal structure determination. The X-ray crystal structure of the allylpalladium (6a) complex revealed a longer palladium-carbon bond distance trans to the phosphine moiety indicating that the attack of the nucleophile takes place at the carbon trans to the phosphine moiety. This was confirmed by the fact that the phosphine moiety did not affect the enantioselectivity directly. Under mild reaction conditions, enantioselectivities up to 83% were obtained (25 degrees C) with ligand 1e. Systematic variation of the ligand bridge and the phosphite moiety showed that the configuration of the product is controlled by the atropisomerism of the biphenyl substituent at the phosphite moiety. The conformation of the biphenyl group, in turn, is controlled by the substituent at the chiral carbon in the bridge. Ligands with large bite angles yielded higher enantioselectivities.
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of selected Thai edible plant extracts (2012)

Antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of plant extracts possess great potential as functional foods for cancer prevention. The aims of the current study were to evaluate antioxidant and antimutagenic activities and to study the chemical constituents of five Thai edible plant extracts. Antioxidant activity was expressed as the ability of each extract to scavenge the free radicals 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Antimutagenic activity was evaluated with the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, and TA 100. The results showed that Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Kurg. and Tiliacora triandra Diels. extracts had high antioxidant activity with the EC50 values at concentrations of 12.69 ± 1.02 and 14.51 ±  0.67 mg/ml, respectively, whereasBasella alba Linn. extract had the strongest antimutagenicity with both strains of S.typhimurium with percentage of inhibition values ranging from 54.06 ± 1.52 to 86.08 ± 2.78 %. In the present study, flavonoids and phenolic compounds from the herbal extracts are proposed to be antioxidant and antimutagenic agents, respectively. The apparent antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of Thai edible plants further suggests their potential usefulness in cancer prevention.

	 

	Key words: Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, antimutagenic.
Facile synthesis of new heterocycles from glutaraldehyde (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile synthesis of new heterocycles from glutaraldehydeR. A. Langdale-SmithCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 1, 226–227Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00800a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00800a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Co-Based Heusler Alloys for CPP-GMR Spin-Valves With Large Magnetoresistive Outputs (2012)

We studied various Heusler alloy compositions for the ferromagnetic layers of current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) spin-valves (SVs) to obtain large MR outputs for the read sensor applications. The exchange biased SV with Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Fe(Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> ) alloy showed a resistance change-area product (ΔRA) of 6 m Ωμm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and an MR ratio of 21% at room temperature when the Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Fe(Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> ) layer was well-B2-ordered by a high temperature annealing at 500°C. The critical bias current density for the spin torque effect on the reduction of ΔRA was ~ 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Based on the high spin polarization directly measured by the point contact Andreev reflection method, Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (Cr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.1</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.9</sub> )Si, Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Mn(Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Sn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> ), and Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Fe(Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> ) alloy thin films were investigated for CPP-GMR SVs. Among them, the Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Fe(Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> ) alloy showed a high CPP-GMR ratio in the pseudo SVs exceeding 40% at RT and 120% at 10 K.
Use of the Alveolar Dead Space Fraction (Vd/Vt) and Plasma D‐dimers to Exclude Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Ambulatory Patients (1997)

In ambulatory patients, the finding of Vd/Vt < 0.2 and D-dimers < 0.5 microgram/L lowers the probability of acute PE.
Dermal substitutes for full‐thickness wounds in a one‐stage grafting model (1993)

We tested different biodegradable matrix materials as dermal substitutes in a porcine wound model. Matrixes were covered with a split-skin mesh graft and protected with a microporous, semipermeable membrane, which prevents blister formation, wound infection and provides ultimate healing conditions. Evaluation parameters were as follows: epithelization, dermal reconstitution, wound contraction, and cosmetic and functional aspect. A microfibrillar matrix of nondenatured collagen gave the best result, with immediate fibroblast ingrowth and epidermal outgrowth. Slight inflammatory reaction and minimal wound contraction were observed. Application of a split-skin mesh graft, in combination with this collagen matrix, generated a thicker dermal layer than did a split-skin mesh graft directly applied on a wound bed. However, the histologic dermal architecture was less optimal than one obtained with a full-thickness punch graft method. Other matrixes caused inflammatory reactions, interfering with epithelization and dermal reconstitution. We conclude that a nondenatured collagen matrix, in combination with a split-skin mesh graft, can provide a substitute dermis in a full-thickness wound. This combination is preferable to a split-skin mesh graft directly applied on the wound bed. With our microporous semipermeable membrane, the combined use of a dermal substitute and a split-skin mesh graft can be applied in a single-stage operation.
The peak sidelobe level of families of binary sequences (2006)

A numerical investigation is presented for the peak sidelobe level (PSL) of Legendre sequences, maximal length shift register sequences (m-sequences), and Rudin-Shapiro sequences. The PSL gives an alternative to the merit factor for measuring the collective smallness of the aperiodic autocorrelations of a binary sequence. The growth of the PSL of these infinite families of binary sequences is tested against the desired growth rate o(/spl radic/nlnn) for sequence length n. The claim that the PSL of m-sequences grows like O(/spl radic/n), which appears frequently in the radar literature, is concluded to be unproven and not currently supported by data. Notable similarities are uncovered between the PSL and merit factor behavior under cyclic rotations of the sequences.
Synthesis of conformationally constrained benzoylureas as BH3-mimetics (2012)

The design of small molecules that mimic the BH3 domain and bind to Bcl-2 proteins has emerged as a promising approach to discovering novel anti-cancer therapeutics. We reveal the design and synthesis of conformationally constrained benzoylurea scaffolds as conformational probes. Central to helix mimicry, the intramolecular hydrogen bond in the benzoylurea plays a key role in the pre-organisation of the acyclic substrates for cyclisation via ring closing metathesis, providing efficient access to the constrained mimetics.
Deep Learning for Tactile Understanding From Visual and Haptic Data (2015)

Robots which interact with the physical world will benefit from a fine-grained tactile understanding of objects and surfaces. Additionally, for certain tasks, robots may need to know the haptic properties of an object before touching it. To enable better tactile understanding for robots, we propose a method of classifying surfaces with haptic adjectives (e.g., compressible or smooth) from both visual and physical interaction data. Humans typically combine visual predictions and feedback from physical interactions to accurately predict haptic properties and interact with the world. Inspired by this cognitive pattern, we propose and explore a purely visual haptic prediction model. Purely visual models enable a robot to "feel" without physical interaction. Furthermore, we demonstrate that using both visual and physical interaction signals together yields more accurate haptic classification. Our models take advantage of recent advances in deep neural networks by employing a unified approach to learning features for physical interaction and visual observations. Even though we employ little domain specific knowledge, our model still achieves better results than methods based on hand-designed features.
Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of Cs<sub>2</sub>Er[Si<sub>6</sub>O<sub>14</sub>]F and Cs<sub>2</sub>Er[Si<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub>]F (2016)

Abstract Single-crystal growth experiments in the system CsF-Er 2 O 3 -SiO 2 resulted in the simultaneous crystallization of two chemically related compounds within the same run: Cs 2 Er[Si 6 O 14 ]F (phase I) and Cs 2 Er[Si 4 O 10 ]F (phase II). They represent the first examples for cesium erbium silicates containing fluorine. Basic crystallographic data are – phase I: space group Cmca , a =17.2556(6) Å, b =24.6565(7) Å, c =14.4735(5) Å, V =6157.9(3) Å 3 , Z =16; phase II: space group Pnma , a =22.3748(7) Å, b =8.8390(2) Å, c =11.9710(4) Å, V =2367.5(1) Å 3 , Z =8. The structures were determined by direct methods and refined to residuals of R (| F |)=0.0229 for 2920 (phase I) and 0.0231 for 2314 (phase II) independent observed reflections with I >2σ( I ). The structure of phase I represents a previously unknown structure type with a three dimensional tetrahedral framework consisting of Q 3 and Q 4 groups in the ratio 2:1. Basic building units of the network are unbranched sechser single-chains running parallel to [001]. The network can be conveniently built up from the condensation of tetrahedral layers parallel to (010) or (100), respectively. The crystal structure of phase II can be classified as a tubular or columnar chain silicate indicating that the backbones of the structure are multiple chains of silicate tetrahedra. This structure is isotypic to a Cs 2 Y[Si 4 O 10 ]F, a compound that has been characterized previously. Alternatively, both compounds can be described as mixed octahedral-tetrahedral frameworks, which can be classified according to their polyhedral microensembles . A topological analysis of both nets is presented.
Use of a time-kill technique for susceptibility testing of Trichomonas vaginalis (1985)

The emergence of metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis and questions about the safety of metronidazole are significant concerns in treatment of trichomoniasis. At 24 h, a microtiter assay was used to test antimicrobial susceptibility of 16 recent isolates; the MICs of metronidazole ranged from less than 0.06 to 25 micrograms/ml. Observable motility as an endpoint correlated imperfectly with survival as measured in pour plates. Quantitative pour plate cultures of six T. vaginalis isolates after timed exposures to antimicrobial drugs demonstrated exquisite sensitivity to metronidazole with minimal trichomonacidal concentrations of 0.025 to 0.100 micrograms/ml. Killing of some T. vaginalis isolates by clotrimazole and rosoxacin occurred only at concentrations of 100 micrograms/ml. Resistance to both rosoxacin and clotrimazole correlated with increasing resistance to metronidazole (P less than 0.01).
Gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments in narrow‐bore capillaries (1997)

In this work, we studied the behavior of electrophoretic columns, having an inner diameter (ID) of 2-10 microm, filled with a cross-linked polyacrylamide gel matrix. The usefulness of these columns for DNA sequencing is discussed. Evaluation of column performance included tests of gel stability and migration time reproducibility. Confocal laser-induced fluorescence (LIF)-detection was employed utilizing a 488 nm argon ion laser for separations of C- and T-terminated DNA Sanger fragments. Reducing the inner diameter of the column from 50 microm to 10 microm resulted in an approximately eightfold increase in lifetime, under conditions in which the columns were subjected to a field strength of 1000 V/cm. The 10 microm ID columns were utilized for separation of Sanger fragments, and adequate detection sensitivity was obtained by stacking of the fragments from a deionized sample solution. A linear algorithm for retention data synchronization between individual electropherograms was employed to provide a route towards a reliable automated base calling protocol.
Development of n-type organic semiconductors for thin film transistors: a viewpoint of molecular design (2013)

More than nine molecular design strategies with >120 representative n-type organic semiconductors are summarized and analyzed.
Optimizing the Internet Gateway Deployment in a Wireless Mesh Network (2007)

In a wireless mesh network (WMN), mesh routers (MRs) are interconnected by wireless links and form a wireless backbone to provide ubiquitous high-speed Internet connectivity for mobile clients. The wireless backbone is tightly integrated with the Internet by nodes called as Internet gateways (IGWs). In this paper, we address the IGW deployment problem which is shown to be NP-hard. We first formulate it as a linear program (LP) issue, then develop two heuristic algorithms for the purpose of cost-efficient IGW deployment. We further compare our algorithms with a leading approach by extensive simulations. Our analysis shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
On the reverse short-channel effects of submicron MOSFETs (2002)

A model for the reverse short-channel effects, based on a nonuniform lateral distribution of channel dopant, is verified with two-dimensional simulation results. The simulated results, in agreements with experimental measurements, reveal that the magnitude of the threshold voltage versus the mask channel length present a maximum value.
Design and implementation of FROST: Digital forensic tools for the OpenStack cloud computing platform (2013)

We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of FROST|three new forensic tools for the OpenStack cloud platform. Operated through the management plane, FROST provides the rst dedicated forensics capabilities for OpenStack, an open-source cloud platform for private and public clouds. Our implementation supports an Infrastructure- as-a-Service (IaaS) cloud and provides trustworthy forensic acquisition of virtual disks, API logs, and guest rewall logs. Unlike traditional acquisition tools, FROST works at the cloud management plane rather than interacting with the operating system inside the guest virtual machines, thereby requiring no trust in the guest machine. We assume trust in the cloud provider but FROST overcomes non-trivial challenges of remote evidence integrity by storing log data in hash trees and returning evidence with cryptographic hashes. Our tools are user-driven, allowing customers, forensic examiners, and law enforcement to conduct investigations without necessitating interaction with the cloud provider. We demonstrate through examples how forensic investigators can independently use our new features to obtain forensically- sound data. Our evaluation demonstrates the e ectiveness of our approach to scale in a dynamic cloud environment. The design supports an extensible set of forensic objectives, including the future addition of other data preservation, discovery, real-time monitoring, metrics, auditing, and acquisition capabilities.
Combinatorial Solid-Phase Synthesis of Structurally Complex Thiazolylhydantoines (1998)

A nine-step (!) solid-phase synthesis and subsequent cleavage with cyclization from the polymeric support were the keys to preparing high-quality molecular libraries of thiazolylhydantoines 1 from modified amino acid building blocks. Each step in the synthesis is different. Because the final cyclization cleaves only molecules that have been successfully constructed, the products obtained are pure. R<sup>1</sup> , R<sup>2</sup> =alkyl; R<sup>3</sup> =aryl, arylO; R<sup>4</sup> =allyl.
<b>Effect of tablet integrity on the dissolution rate of sustained-release preparations</b> (1996)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tablet integrity on the dissolution rate. The model drug used for this study was aspirin. A dissolution study was performed with three commercially-available aspirin tablets (ZORprin, Bayer 8-h aspirin and Bayer aspirin), two of which were sustained-release tablets. For ZORprin, the average dissolution data indicated that the in vitro release rate of aspirin was consistent with the intended design of the sustained-release wax matrix tablets only when the tablets were intact. The split tablets showed a consistently higher release profile over time, with a 50% higher release at 6 h. However, the Bayer 8-h aspirin and plain aspirin tablet data showed that tablet integrity had no significant impact on the dissolution rate, because the intact and split tablets showed similar drug release profiles over time. In conclusion, care should be taken to administer sustained-release tablets, avoiding any breaking or crushing of the tablets unless this is directed by the manufacturer.
Application of Machine Learning in Wireless Networks: Key Techniques and Open Issues (2019)

As a key technique for enabling artificial intelligence, machine learning (ML) is capable of solving complex problems without explicit programming. Motivated by its successful applications to many practical tasks like image recognition, both industry and the research community have advocated the applications of ML in wireless communication. This paper comprehensively surveys the recent advances of the applications of ML in wireless communication, which are classified as: resource management in the MAC layer, networking and mobility management in the network layer, and localization in the application layer. The applications in resource management further include power control, spectrum management, backhaul management, cache management, and beamformer design and computation resource management, while ML-based networking focuses on the applications in clustering, base station switching control, user association, and routing. Moreover, literatures in each aspect is organized according to the adopted ML techniques. In addition, several conditions for applying ML to wireless communication are identified to help readers decide whether to use ML and which kind of ML techniques to use. Traditional approaches are also summarized together with their performance comparison with ML-based approaches, based on which the motivations of surveyed literatures to adopt ML are clarified. Given the extensiveness of the research area, challenges and unresolved issues are presented to facilitate future studies. Specifically, ML-based network slicing, infrastructure update to support ML-based paradigms, open data sets and platforms for researchers, theoretical guidance for ML implementation, and so on are discussed.
Efficacy of Curcuma for Treatment of Osteoarthritis (2016)

The objective of this review is to identify, summarize, and evaluate clinical trials to determine the efficacy of curcuma in the treatment of osteoarthritis. A literature search for interventional studies assessing efficacy of curcuma was performed, resulting in 8 clinical trials. Studies have investigated the effect of curcuma on pain, stiffness, and functionality in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Curcuma-containing products consistently demonstrated statistically significant improvement in osteoarthritis-related endpoints compared with placebo, with one exception. When compared with active control, curcuma-containing products were similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and potentially to glucosamine. While statistical significant differences in outcomes were reported in a majority of studies, the small magnitude of effect and presence of major study limitations hinder application of these results. Further rigorous studies are needed prior to recommending curcuma as an effective alternative therapy for knee osteoarthritis.
Novel anticoagulant peptides from the functional site of human placental anticoagulant protein. (1991)

Histidine-containing peptides SHLRKV and DHTLIR, corresponding to placental anticoagulant protein-I (PAP-I) residues 204-209 and 266-271, respectively, are included in the functional site of PAP-I and exhibit anticoagulant activity, but the peptides in which alanine is substituted for histidine do not. However, the peptide KHALKG, corresponding to the region from Lys-97 to Gly-102, did not exhibit an anticoagulant activity, showing that it is not included in the functional site. These findings thus suggest that His-205 and His-267 are involved in the Ca(2+)- or the phospholipid-binding site of PAP-I but that His-98 is not.