gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and thermal decomposition of magnesium dicarbide (1983)

The conditions of formation of magnesium dicarbide from magnesium and acetylene were investigated; the optimum temperature, reaction period, and acetylene flow rate were sought so as to achieve high yields of dicarbide and minimize the free carbon deposit. The porosity of the magnesium dust was found to have a pronounced effect upon the yield; a considerable improvement was achieved by pressing the dust into pellets with controlled porosity. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns of MgC 2 samples were studied. The intense reflection could be indexed for the bet symmetry ( a = 392.9 ± 0.6 pm, c = 503.7 ± 1.2 pm), but as the intensity calculations for dicarbide models with different arrangements of the C 2 2- groups indicate, the symmetry of the MgC 2 lattice will be lower than tetragonal. The thermal decomposition of the dicarbide leading to sesquicarbide was examined in dependence on time and temperature by hydrolyzing the samples and analyzing the gaseous products by GLC. Due to the thermal decomposition, traces of sesquicarbide appear even during the dicarbide synthesis. The decomposition process was approximated by kinetic equations. The Arrhenius equation constants, in the temperature region of 485-560 °C, are A A = 4.97 . 10 12 s -1 , E A = 257 kJ mol -1 .
Tumor-Infiltrating γδ T Lymphocytes Predict Clinical Outcome in Human Breast Cancer (2012)

Abstract Understanding and dissecting the role of different subsets of regulatory tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the immunopathogenesis of individual cancer is a challenge for anti-tumor immunotherapy. High levels of γδ regulatory T cells have been discovered in breast TILs. However, the clinical relevance of these intratumoral γδ T cells is unknown. In this study, γδ T cell populations were analyzed by performing immunohistochemical staining in primary breast cancer tissues from patients with different stages of cancer progression. Retrospective multivariate analyses of the correlations between γδ T cell levels and other prognostic factors and clinical outcomes were completed. We found that γδ T cell infiltration and accumulation in breast tumor sites was a general feature in breast cancer patients. Intratumoral γδ T cell numbers were positively correlated with advanced tumor stages, HER2 expression status, and high lymph node metastasis but inversely correlated with relapse-free survival and overall survival of breast cancer patients. Multivariate and univariate analyses of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells and other prognostic factors further suggested that intratumoral γδ T cells represented the most significant independent prognostic factor for assessing severity of breast cancer compared with the other known factors. Intratumoral γδ T cells were positively correlated with FOXP3+ cells and CD4+ T cells but negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells in breast cancer tissues. These findings suggest that intratumoral γδ T cells may serve as a valuable and independent prognostic biomarker, as well as a potential therapeutic target for human breast cancer.
Comparison of three buffers used in the formulation of buffered charcoal yeast extract medium (1993)

Growth of Legionella spp. on buffered charcoal yeast extract medium supplemented with alpha-ketoglutarate and formulated with 3-(n-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS), 3-(n-morpholino)-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (MOPSO), or n-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (ACES) buffer was similar. With three exceptions, growth was no different in buffered yeast extract broth supplemented with alpha-ketoglutarate and formulated with MOPS or ACES buffer.
The Fitting of Power Series, Meaning Polynomials, Illustrated on Band-Spectroscopic Data (1974)

The prototype of fitting polynomials to equally-spaced data—in which the equalspacing is theoretically precise and the data is accurate to many decimal places—arises in the analysis of band spectra. A hard look at such examples forces us to reexamine our thinking on such diverse issues as: How to formulate such problems, the use of robust/resistant techniques in polynomial regression, which coordinates to use and why, the basic properties of linear least squares, choices in stopping a fit, and improved ways to describe our answers. Our results and attitudes apply rather directly to other situations where we are fitting a sum of functions of a single variable. When two or more different variables, subject to error, blunder, or omission, underlie the carriers to be considered, regression/fitting problems are likely to need not only the considerations presented here, but others as well. To a varying extent, the same will be true of nonlinear fitting/regression problems.
Herbicidal Activity and Structure, Relation of Herbicidal Activity to Amide Moiety of N-Substituted α-Chloroacetamides (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHerbicidal Activity and Structure, Relation of Herbicidal Activity to Amide Moiety of N-Substituted α-ChloroacetamidesP. C. Hamm and A. J. SpezialeCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1956, 4, 6, 518–522Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60064a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60064a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Gene mutation and myelodysplastic syndromes with ring sideroblast excess]. (2013)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders with different mechanisms and diverse prognosis. The excess of ring sideroblasts (RS) is an important presentation MDS, but the mechanisms of RS appearance are obscure and the treatment of MDS-RS is intractable. Splicing factors play a very important role in the maturation process of eucaryon mRNA, recent studies indicate that there is a significant causal relationship between splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1) mutation and the presence of ring sideroblasts. Lucubrating the downstream molecular of the mutated SF3B1 can facilitate exploring the mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies of MDS-RS.
A stochastic geometrical vector model of macro- and megacellular communication channels (2002)

This paper describes a physically based stochastic approach that allows to predict the narrowband fading statistics for macro- and megacellular networks operating in urban areas. On one hand, macrocellular channels have been mainly covered in the literature by means of empirical models. On the other hand, megacells are typical of upcoming communication systems, such as broadband wireless access and high-altitude platform-based networks. Generally, the path gain of a wireless fading channel can be statistically characterized by a Ricean distribution, which includes Rayleigh fading as a particular case. The key parameter of the distribution is the K-factor K, defined as the ratio of the dominant component to the scatter contribution. The K-factor is estimated by means of a physical model, conditionally to a set of geometrical parameters, such as the building height, the street width and the base station-to-terminal distance. These parameters are statistically described by analytical distributions. The model is successfully compared with experimental data at 1.6 GHz and typical applications are presented. Finally, because of its physical background, the model performs very well in analyzing polarization (MIMO) multiplexing schemes.
A Finite Model of Bi-Stable Woven Composite Tape-Springs (2011)

The recent development of CubeSat nano-satellites shows that it is an effective way to send a payload onto orbit, as it is a relatively inexpensive and quick access to space. If the small size of these satellites is their main advantage, it is also the principal source of problems when it comes to designing it. The control electronics, electric power system and the payload are limited in mass and have to t in a tiny ten-centimeter cube. The necessity of a compact deployable structure to hold the payload once the satellite reached its orbit is one of the principal subject of study for the design of a CubeSat. In the CubeSat program SWIM (Space Weather using Ion Spectrometers and Magnetometers) that KTH takes part in, the deployablestructure developed consists of bi-stable semi-tubular booms made by a woven-composite fabric. Preliminary tests show that this structure is very compact and stable in the packaged con guration while being suciently long and stiin the deployed con guration. However little is known about the deployment phase, the physical model of the booms is very inaccurate in determining the deployment force and speed, because of the complexity of the material mechanics behind it. Modeling a woven composite material in a nite element analysis software is a dicult task due the structure of the material itself. The ber yarns interlace each other like in textile material, and they are impregnated in a soft matrix resin. Although in-plane properties of these materials can be calculated accurately using the classic lamination theory (CLT), the corresponding out-of-plane properties lack any accuracy for one-ply woven composites. Solutions are found through micromechanical approaches but these models are dicult to implement and are computationally expensive. The solution to this problem is to decline the CLT model of the material in two versions, each with a its own purpose. This paper presents rst a CLT model of the woven composite which aim is to predict in-plane properties accurately and giving a good estimation of the out-of-plane properties. The second version of the CLT model is developed with the aim of predicting accurately the amount of strain energy stored and the stable radius of the rolled-up con guration. The purpose of this version is to be used in deployment analysis. This paper also presents the main lines of a fully parameterized nite element model of the deployment analysis for future use.
Performance of efficient tactical UHF-satcom waveforms: occupied bandwidth, coding gain, spectral efficiency, bit error rate, and adjacent channel interference (2003)

The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description and experimental and simulated performance results for some of the current Raytheon satcom high efficiency tactical waveforms, namely the dual-h quaternary continuous phase modulated (CPM) waveforms and the shaped phase shift keying (SPSK) waveforms. The emphasis is on the performance in terms of adjacent channel interference (ACI), bit error rate (BER), coding gain over conventional waveforms, and the ability of the radio to acquire these waveforms while being subjected to a Doppler frequency of /spl plusmn/1200 Hz. This paper first introduces the mathematical representation of the dual-h quaternary CPM waveform. Then the principle of the data demodulation including carrier and symbol timing acquisition and tracking using the MIL-STD-188-181B-specified preamble is illustrated. Finally, with the use of computer simulations, the spectral envelope and bandwidth efficiency of these efficient waveforms are compared to conventional counterparts.
Statistics and Data Analysis (1997)

This paper reviews some basic time series concepts then demonstrates how the basic techniques can be extended and applied to some interesting data sets. AutocorrelationsLag Correlation 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1.000
Delayed effect of exorphins on learning of albino rat pups (2008)

The delayed effect of food-derived opioid peptides (exorphins) after chronic administration on postnatal days 1-14 on the learning of albino rat pups has been studied. Heptapeptide YPFPGPI (beta-casomorphin-7), pentapeptide YPLDL (rubiscolin-5) and pentapeptide YPISL (exorphin C) improved the development of the conditioned foraging reflex in a complex maze. Hexapeptide PFPGPI lacking the N-terminal tyrosine proved inefficient. Only beta-casomorphin-7 had an effect (negative) on passive avoidance conditioning. The obtained data confirm that exorphins (particularly, milk-derived beta-casomorphins) can have significant and long-term effects on the environmental adaptation of young mammals.
Synergistic interactions between interleukin-11 and interleukin-4 in support of proliferation of primitive hematopoietic progenitors of mice (1991)

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a newly identified lymphohematopoietic cytokine originally derived from the primate bone marrow stromal cell line, PU-34. Separately, we reported that IL-11 augments IL-3-dependent proliferation of primitive murine hematopoietic progenitors in culture. We have now examined the synergistic interactions between IL-11 and IL-4 in support of colony formation from marrow cells of mice treated 2 days before with 150 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil. Neither recombinant human IL-11 nor murine IL-4 alone was effective in the support of colony formation. When the two factors were combined, there was major enhancement of colony formation, including that of multilineage colony-forming cells. Serial observations (mapping studies) of development of multipotential blast cell colonies indicated that the synergy between IL-11 and IL-4 is due in part to shortening of the dormant period of the stem cells, an effect very similar to that of IL-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The combination of IL-11 and IL-4 may be useful in the stimulation of dormant hematopoietic stem cells in vivo.
Early and late clinical outcome following coronary angioplasty performed with platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition: the EPIC Trial results. (1994)

Ischemic complications complicate coronary angioplasty in 10-20% of patients. Antithrombotic agents, such as aspirin and heparin, reduce the frequency of peri-procedural complications, but their effect is incomplete. A chimeric (mouse and human) monoclonal antibody (c7E3 Fab) has been developed, which is a specific inhibitor of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor and prevents platelet-to-platelet aggregation. A randomized study of 2099 patients at "high-risk" for complications after coronary angioplasty has demonstrated a 35% reduction in 30-day ischemic complications resulting from bolus (0.25 mg/kg) and 12-hour infusion (10 micrograms/min) of c7E3 Fab (8.3% in c7E3 Fab-treated patients versus 12.8% in placebo-treated patients; p = 0.008). The highest reduction in ischemic complications was noted in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina (hazard ratio = 0.5; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.3-0.9) compared with those patients with high-risk anatomy alone (hazard ratio = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-1.1). Late (6-month) clinical events were also lower in patients undergoing successful coronary angioplasty (event-free at 48 hours) who treated with bolus and infusion c7E3 Fab (19.2% versus 25.4% in placebo-treated patients; p = 0.007). The beneficial effect of c7E3 Fab on reducing ischemic complications after coronary angioplasty was balanced by a doubling of major bleeding complications in c7E3 Fab-treated patients (14% versus 7% in placebo-treated patients; p = 0.001). Bleeding complications appear to be related to the intensity of peri-procedural anticoagulation using nonweight adjusted heparin. These results suggest that bolus and 12-hour infusion of c7E3 Fab is a valuable pharmacologic adjunct to reduce peri-procedural complications in "high-risk" patients undergoing coronary angioplasty, particularly in those patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina. Further studies are underway to develop alternative heparin dosing strategies in an effort to reduce the occurrence of bleeding complications associated with c7E3 Fab administration and to assess the benefit of c7E3 Fab-mediated platelet inhibition in lower risk patient subgroups.
Lysophosphatidic Acid Is an Osteoblast Mitogen Whose Proliferative Actions Involve Gi Proteins and Protein Kinase C, But Not P42/44 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases* (2001)

The simple glycerophospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) acts both as an intermediary in phospholipid metabolism and as an intercellular signaling molecule in its own right. In various cell types, LPA signals through its membrane-bound, G protein-coupled receptors to influence cellular processes such as proliferation, survival, and cytoskeletal function. Its actions in bone cells have not been studied. Here we show that the LPA receptor, LP(A1)/edg-2/vzg-1, is expressed in primary rat osteoblasts and the UMR 106-01 osteoblastic cell line. LPA potently induces DNA synthesis and an increase in cell number in cultures of osteoblastic cells. LPA rapidly (within 10 min) stimulates phosphorylation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in osteoblastic cells, an effect that is sensitive to inhibition of G(i) proteins, inhibition of influx of extracellular calcium, and inhibition of protein kinase C. LPA-induced DNA synthesis is partially inhibited by either pertussis toxin or calphostin C, but is insensitive to specific inhibitors of MEK, the kinase upstream of p42/44 MAP kinases, or of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases. These data demonstrate that LPA is an osteoblast mitogen whose signaling effects in osteoblastic cells include activation of p42/44 MAP kinases. However, the LPA mitogenic signal in osteoblastic cells, while requiring G(i) proteins and protein kinase C, is independent of the activity of p42/44 MAP kinases.
Electromigration and adhesion (2005)

It has been demonstrated that, in those instances where electromigration-induced mass transport is dominated by interfacial diffusion, the adhesion at the interface where mass transport is primarily taking place is related to the electromigration flux. Furthermore, it is shown that the cohesive energy of the interface is directly related to the activation energy for diffusion.
Wrapping the Future (2008)

Enclosing a component within a software “wrapper” is a well-established way of adapting components for use in new environments. This paper presents an overview of an experimental evaluation of the use of a wrapper to protect against faults arising during the (simulated) operation of a practical and critical system; the specific context is a protective wrapper for an off-the-shelf software component at the heart of the control system of a steam raising boiler. Encouraged by the positive outcomes of this experimentation we seek to position protective wrappers as a basis for structuring the provision of fault tolerance in component-based open systems and networks. The paper addresses some key issues and developments relating wrappers to the provision of dependability in future computing systems.
DC micro-grid for super high quality distribution — System configuration and control of distributed generations and energy storage devices (2006)

“DC micro-grid” is the novel power system using dc distribution in order to provide super high quality power. The dc distribution system is suitable for dc output type distributed generations such as photovoltaic and fuel cells, and energy storages such as secondary batteries and electric double layer capacitors. Moreover, dc distributed power is converted to required ac or dc voltages by load side converters, and these converters do not require transformers by choosing proper dc voltage. This distributed scheme of load side converters also contributes to provide supplying high quality power. For instance, even if a short circuit occurs at one load side, it does not effect other loads. In this paper, we suppose one system configuration of DC micro-grid, and propose control methods of converters for generations and energy storages. Computer simulation results demonstrated seamless turn-on and turn-off operation of a distributed generation, a transient of connecting and disconnecting operation with a bulk power system, and the stability for sudden large load variation.
Shotgun Sequencing in the Sea: A Blast from the Past? (2004)

Large-scale seaweed cultivation diverges water and sediment microbial communities in the coast of Nan'ao Island, South China Sea,
Effect of taurine on drug absorption from the rat gastrointestinal tract. (1981)

Effect of taurine on drug absorption from the rat gastrointestinal tract was investigated by using in situ loop method for the stomach and in situ recirculation method for the small or large intestine. Aspirin absorption from the stomach or the small intestine was enhanced by the presence of taurine, but not from the large intestine. The absorption enhancement effect of taurine was not only site-specific, but also substrate-specific. Taurine increased the absorption of aminopyrine from the small intestine, but not from the stomach. On the other hand, the absorption of salicylamide, o-methoxybenzoic acid and o-ethoxybenzoic acid was enhanced in the stomach, although they were not influenced in the small intestine. Furthermore, among the taurine analogues investigated only homotaurine showed the taurine-like action in the small intestine. Glycine also increased the gastric absorption of aspirin. These effects were observed neither by the pretreatment of the intestine with taurine, nor by i.v. administered taurine. Taurine at the site of drug absorption, even at a low concentration, seems to influence the drug absorption due to its effect on the permeability characteristics of the mucosal membrane.