gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF UNSTEADY LOADING OF HIGH SOLIDITY VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES (2011)

This thesis reports on a numerical and experimental investigation of the unsteady loading of high solidity vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). Two-dimensional, unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of a small scale, high solidity, H-type Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine revealed the dominant effect of dynamic stall on the power production and vibration excitation of the turbine. Operation of the turbine at low blade speed ratios resulted in complex flow-blade interaction mechanisms. These include; dynamic stall resulting in large scale vortex production, vortex impingement on the source blade, and significant flow momentum extraction. To validate the numerical model, a series of full-scale experimental wind tunnel tests were performed to determine the aerodynamic loading on the turbine airfoils, vibration response behaviour, and wake velocity. In order to accomplish this, a complex force measurement and wireless telemetry system was developed. During the course of this investigation, high vibration response of the turbine was observed. This resulted in conditions that made it difficult or impossible to measure the underlying aerodynamic loading. A vibration mitigation methodology was developed to remove the effect of vibration from the measured aerodynamic forces. In doing so, an accurate and complete measurement of the aerodynamic loading on the turbine blades was obtained. Comparison of the two-dimensional numerical model results to the experimental measurements revealed a considerable over-prediction of the turbine aerodynamic force and power coefficients, and wake velocity. From this research, it was determined that the three-dimensional flow effects due to the finite aspect ratio of the turbine and blades, as well as parasitic losses, could be accounted for through the application of inlet velocity and turbine height correction factors. In doing so, the two-dimensional numerical model results could be properly scaled to represent the three-dimensional flow behaviour of the turbine prototype. Ultimately, a validated VAWT design tool was developed.
Text clustering with extended user feedback (2006)

Text clustering is most commonly treated as a fully automated task without user feedback. However, a variety of researchers have explored mixed-initiative clustering methods which allow a user to interact with and advise the clustering algorithm. This mixed-initiative approach is especially attractive for text clustering tasks where the user is trying to organize a corpus of documents into clusters for some particular purpose (e.g., clustering their email into folders that reflect various activities in which they are involved). This paper introduces a new approach to mixed-initiative clustering that handles several natural types of user feedback. We first introduce a new probabilistic generative model for text clustering (the SpeClustering model) and show that it outperforms the commonly used mixture of multinomials clustering model, even when used in fully autonomous mode with no user input. We then describe how to incorporate four distinct types of user feedback into the clustering algorithm, and provide experimental evidence showing substantial improvements in text clustering when this user feedback is incorporated.
Inhibition of pig liver methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase by dihydrofolate: some mechanistic and regulatory implications (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInhibition of pig liver methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase by dihydrofolate: some mechanistic and regulatory implicationsRowena G. Matthews and Bobbie J. HaywoodCite this: Biochemistry 1979, 18, 22, 4845–4851Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00589a012https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00589a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Estimating reflection parameters from a single color image (2000)

This article proposes a method for estimating various parameters of a reflection model from a single color image of an object. We used an RGB charge-coupled device (CCD) camera for imaging and parameter estimation. We assumed the object surface is composed of an inhomogeneous dielectric material and used the Phong model to describe the surface's dichromatic reflection. This approach also generalizes to objects with smooth convex surfaces.
Fast user-mode rootkit scanner for the enterprise (2005)

User-mode resource hiding through API interception and filtering is a well-known technique used by malware programs to achieve stealth. Although it is not as powerful as kernel-mode techniques, it is more portable and reliable and, as a result, widely used. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a fast scanner that uses a cross-view diff approach to detect all user-mode hiding Trojans and rootkits. We also present detection results from a large-scale enterprise deployment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the tool.
Characterization of Bacterial Community Diversity in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Infections Using Novel Culture-independent Techniques (2011)

This study has validated the use of the culture-independent technique T-RFLP in sinonasal samples. Preliminary characterization of the microbial diversity in CRS suggests a complex range of common and novel bacterial species within the upper airway in CRS, providing further evidence for the polymicrobial etiology of CRS.
The effect of Lactobacillus brevis KB290 against irritable bowel syndrome: a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover trial (2012)

Probiotics, the safety of which has been established, are used widely in various foods and can now be purchased readily. The results of the present study suggest that KB290 is useful for early intervention in IBS.
Introducing redundancy in field programmable gate arrays (2002)

A redundancy scheme and circuitry for field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are proposed. The scheme requires the modification of the wiring resource segmentation and the addition of spare rows and selector circuits. An improved yield gross product is quantitatively studied. The disadvantages caused by this architecture, such as an area overhead and speed degradation, are discussed. It is concluded that, in this redundancy scheme, the sufficient number of spare rows is one or two for practical cases and the gross yield product can be doubled at an early stage of production. The proposed scheme can be applicable to a wide range of FPGA architectures.
10 Gbit/s bidirectional optical wireless communication module for docking devices (2014)

This paper presents a miniaturized optical wireless transceiver with data rates of 5 Gbit/s and 10 Gbit/s for docking systems. This system provides bidirectional half and full-duplex communication over a distance of 5 cm with a BER <; 1E-11. The transceiver package achieves a small form-factor of 16.1 × 8.7 × 7.5 mm. Performance constraints of the transmission system are discussed including experimentally obtained results. Furthermore, an implementation of a 5 Gbit/s docking demonstrator is practically evaluated.
Laboratory optimization of process variables in reductive ozonolysis of methyl soyate (1968)

Abstract The laboratory experiments for reductive ozonolysis of methyl soyate were divided into four statistically designed groups, according to ozonolysis medium (methanol or water) and ozone carrier gas (oxygen or air). Each group comprised 27 separate experiments, each a one‐third replicate of a 3 4 factorial. Significant independent variables were determined by a preliminary set of experiments. Besides ozonolysis medium (X) and carrier gas (Y), the following significant independent variables were studied: medium/ester ratio (A), reduction catalyst (B), reduction pressure by hydrogen (C), and reduction temperature (D). By gas‐liquid partition chromatography of the dimethyl acetals of the two products, which included methyl azelaaldehydate (MAZDA) and pelargonic aldehyde (PDA), aldehyde yields were determined for each experiment in the statistical groups. Analysis of variance of the data (F‐test) showed the following main effects and interactions for yield of MAZDA where oxygen carrier gas, water as the ozonolysis medium, and palladium‐on‐carbon catalyst were used for reduction: Y, YA, YB, YD, AD, BD, and AC. Data fit (regression analysis) provided regression equations. Computer solution of these equations indicated optimum process levels. Based on these optimum levels, the predicted over‐all yield of MAZDA is 89% of theoretical.
Observation of Real Time Magnetization Inversion-recovery Using the SPAM Geometry and the CERMIT Protocol (2011)

Abstract : We mechanically measure in real time the recovery of nuclear magnetization in an inversion-recovery experiment using a force gradient protocol by monitoring the frequency of a driven cantilever. The Ga69 polarization is initially inverted with a wide adiabatic rapid passage sweep lasting 20 ms. After inverting the polarization, we observe in real time the initial 50 mHz transient decay back to the base line as the polarization realigns along the Zeeman axis with a T1 of approximately 20 min for T = 4.8 K. The magnetization is shown to be inversely linear with temperature. The RF is on only during the adiabatic rapid passage sweep.
Application of external forces on an active orthosis (2003)

The authors examined the effect of external forces applied on the surface of the lower extremities for the case of missing quadriceps. They developed a computer model using engineering modelling software for the lower extremities so one can locate the origin, insertion and effective origins of the lower limb muscles using previous anthropometric data. The earlier muscle models are used to compute the musculotendon forces. The first 24% of the gait cycle is considered. The muscle forces generated by rectus femoris and vasti are computed. Then, the patients without quadriceps are considered on the same model and single linear electro-mechanical actuator 'artificial muscle' is applied to compensate the effect of lost muscles for the early stance of the gait cycle. The validity of the suggested rehabilitation schemes is verified.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enhancement in SERS intensity with hierarchical nanostructures by bimetallic deposition approach (2011)

We investigate the plasmonic enhancement arising from bimetallic (Au/Ag) hierarchical structure and address the fundamental issues relating to the design of multilayered nanostructures for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. SERS‐active nanosphere arrays with Ag underlayer and Au overlayer were systematically constructed, with the thickness of each layer altered from 40 to 320 nm. The SERS responses of the resultant bimetallic structures were measured with 2‐naphthalenethiol dye as the test sample. The results confirm the dependency of SERS enhancement on the thickness ratio (Au : Ag). Compared with Au‐arrays, our optimized bimetallic structures, which exhibit nanoprotrusions on the nanospheres, were found to be 2.5 times more SERS enhancing, approaching the enhancement factor of an Ag‐array. The elevated SERS is attributed to the formation of effective hot‐spots associated with increased roughness of the outer Au film, resulting from subsequent sputtering of Au granules on a roughened Ag surface. The morphology and reflectance studies suggest that the SERS hot‐spots are distributed at the junctions of interconnected nanospheres and over the nanosphere surface, depending on the thickness ratio between the Au and Ag layers. We show that, by varying the thickness ratio, it is possible to optimize the SERS enhancement factor without significantly altering the operating plasmon resonance wavelength, which is dictated solely by the size of the underlying nanospheres template. In addition, our bimetallic substrates show long‐term stability compared with previously reported Ag‐arrays, whose SERS efficiency drops by 60% within a week because of oxidation. These findings demonstrate the potential of using such a bimetallic configuration to morphologically optimize any SERS substrate for sensing applications that demand huge SERS enhancement and adequate chemical stability. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibition of embryonic neural retina cell-substratum adhesion with a monoclonal antibody. (1984)

The C1H3 monoclonal antibody recognizes two distinct developmentally regulated cell surface antigens, with molecular masses of 170,000 and 140,000 daltons, in embryonic chick neural retina (Cole, G. J., and Glaser, L. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., in press). In vitro, the 170,000-dalton polypeptide is released by retinal cells into the surrounding culture medium and is present in material sedimentable at 100,000 X g. This pelletable material contains particles designated as adherons (Schubert, D., LaCorbiere, M., Klier, F. G., and Birdwell, G. (1983) J. Cell Biol. 96, 990-998) which promote cell-substratum adhesion of chick neural retina cells. In the present study, evidence is provided that the C1H3 monoclonal antibody inhibits cell adhesion to adheron-coated dishes when bound either to cells or to the adherons. The failure of other monoclonal antibodies, that bind to retinal cells with equal abundance, to disrupt adhesion demonstrates that the effect is specific. These data suggest that the neural-specific 170,000-dalton C1H3 polypeptide is the neural cell-adhesion molecule which is responsible for the ability of adherons to bind to cells.
As the Log Scrolls By... (2001)

Gasson shows how a few tweaks to Apache's httpd.conf file can provide a colorful web log file.
Sleep habits and circadian preference in Italian children and adolescents (2007)

Sleep habits and circadian preference (morningness/eveningness, M/E) have been extensively analyzed in adolescents and young adults, while few studies were conducted on children and early adolescents. Aim of the present study was to investigate the developmental changes of circadian preference and to analyze its relationship with sleep habits, sleep problems and circadian preference in a large sample by means of a school-based survey. One thousand seventy-three participants (50.8% boys and 49.2% girls; mean age = 10.6; range = 8-14 years), recruited from four schools randomly extracted within the district of Rome, completed a modified version of School Sleep Habits Survey developed by Carskadon et al. The questionnaire included items about sleep habits during schooldays and weekends; a Sleepiness Scale; a Sleep-Wake Problems Behaviour Scale; a Morningness/Eveningness scale. The results show a consistent age-related change in sleep habits, particularly in the weekends. The difference in sleep duration between schooldays and weekends increases linearly with age. No gender difference was observed in morningness/eveningness, while a significant linear increase in evening preference was found with increasing ages. M/E total scores correlated significantly with both self-reported sleep/wake problems and daytime sleepiness indicating a higher prevalence of sleep complaints in evening-type subjects. Overall, the present results support the existence of consistent age-related changes in sleep habits and M/E dimension in the 8- to 14-year age range.
Exciton-Plasmon-Photon Conversion in Plasmonic Nanostructures (2007)

A silver-nanowire cavity is functionalized with CdSe nanocrystals and optimized towards cavity quantum electrodynamics by varying the nanocrystal-nanowire distance d and cavity length L. From the modulation of the nanocrystal emission by the cavity modes a plasmon group velocity of v (gr) approximately 0.5c is derived. Efficient exciton-plasmon-photon conversion and guiding is demonstrated along with a modification in the spontaneous emission rate of the coupled exciton-plasmon system.
The effect of NK cell activation by tumor cells on antigen-specific antibody responses (1997)

In addition to mediating direct cytotoxicity, NK cells can exert regulatory effects on specific immune responses. For example, injection of poly (I:C) can alter specific Ab responses, which is attributable to the production of IFN-gamma by NK cells. To test whether direct activation of NK cells can exert the same effect, we have injected, at the same time as Ag challenge, BCL1-C11 tumor cells, which are highly effective inducers of IFN-gamma production by NK cells. The results show a specific enhancement of the IgG2a response, which does not occur with a tumor (70Z/3) that does not induce IFN-gamma production. This enhancement is NK cell and IL-12 dependent. However, BCL1-C11 cells cannot directly induce IL-12 production in peritoneal exudate cells (PECs). On the other hand, PECs from tumor-treated mice produce IL-12 in response to LPS, suggesting that they are primed in vivo. Furthermore, the IL-12 production is NK cell and IFN-gamma dependent. These results indicate that if tumor cells can directly activate NK cells to produce IFN-gamma, this cytokine initiates an amplification loop by activating macrophages to produce IL-12, which in turn activates NK cells further, resulting in the alteration of the isotype distribution of specific Ab responses. Production of the appropriate Ab isotype should enhance Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against targets mediated by NK cells, implicating their role(s) in the specific immune response as well as the initial nonspecific phase.
Experiments in speaker verification using factor analysis likelihood ratios (2004)

We report the results of some speaker verification experiments on the NIST 1999 and NIST 2000 test sets using factor analysis likelihood ratio statistics. For the experiments on the 1999 test set we had to use a mismatched training set, namely Phases 1 and 2 of the Switchboard II corpus, to train the factor analysis model. Our results on this test set are are comparable to (but not better than) the best results that have been attained with standard methods (GMM likelihood ratios and handset detection). In order to experiment with well matched training and test sets, we used half of the target speakers in the NIST 2000 evaluation for testing and a disjoint set of speakers taken from Switchboard II, Phases 1 and 2 for training. In this situation we obtained an equal error rate of 7.2 % and a minimum detection cost of 0.028. These figures represent an improvement of about 25 % over standard methods. 1.
Interleukin-33 induces angiogenesis and vascular permeability through ST2/TRAF6-mediated endothelial nitric oxide production (2009)

Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, is emerging as a new regulator of immune responses and inflammatory vascular diseases. Although IL-33 and its cognate receptor ST2 appear to be expressed in vascular cells, the precise role of IL-33 in the vasculature has not been determined. In this study, we report a novel role of IL-33 as a potent endothelial activator, promoting both angiogenesis and vascular permeability. IL-33 increased proliferation, migration, and morphologic differentiation of human endothelial cells, consistently with increased angiogenesis in vivo. IL-33 also increased endothelial permeability with reduced vascular endothelial-cadherin-facilitated cell-cell junctions in vitro and induced vascular leakage in mouse skin. These effects of IL-33 were blocked by knockdown of ST2. Ligation of IL-33 with ST2 rapidly increased endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production through TRAF6-mediated activation of phosphoinoside-3-kinase, Akt, and endothelial NO synthase. Moreover, pharmacologic or genetic blockage of endothelial NO generation resulted in the inhibition of angiogenesis and vascular hyperpermeability induced by IL-33. These data demonstrate that IL-33 promotes angiogenesis and vascular leakage by stimulating endothelial NO production via the ST2/TRAF6-Akt-eNOS signaling pathway. These findings open new perspectives for the role of IL-33 in the pathogenesis of angiogenesis-dependent and inflammatory vascular diseases.
Tendría sentido ampliar a varones la vacunación frente al virus del papiloma humano (2011)

Conclusiones de los autores del estudio: la vacunacion frente al VPH es beneficiosa desde el punto de vista economico y de salud de la poblacion. Vacunar tambien a ninos y hombres de 9-26 anos de edad podria reducir aun mas la morbilidad y mortalidad relacionada con el virus, y mejorar la calidad de vida de la poblacion.

Comentario de los revisores: los resultados del estudio no parecen suficientes para recomendar la ampliacion sistematica de la vacunacion frente al VPH a los hombres. Aunque podrian obtenerse efectos beneficiosos, quizas estos fuesen mayores combinando otro tipo de medidas de educacion sanitaria junto con una ampliacion de la cobertura vacunal en mujeres.
Program synthesis using abstraction refinement (2017)

We present a new approach to example-guided program synthesis based on counterexample-guided abstraction refinement . Our method uses the abstract semantics of the underlying DSL to find a program P whose abstract behavior satisfies the examples. However, since program P may be spurious with respect to the concrete semantics, our approach iteratively refines the abstraction until we either find a program that satisfies the examples or prove that no such DSL program exists. Because many programs have the same input-output behavior in terms of their abstract semantics , this synthesis methodology significantly reduces the search space compared to existing techniques that use purely concrete semantics. While synthesis using abstraction refinement (SYNGAR) could be implemented in different settings, we propose a refinement-based synthesis algorithm that uses abstract finite tree automata (AFTA) . Our technique uses a coarse initial program abstraction to construct an initial AFTA, which is iteratively refined by constructing a proof of incorrectness of any spurious program. In addition to ruling out the spurious program accepted by the previous AFTA, proofs of incorrectness are also useful for ruling out many other spurious programs. We implement these ideas in a framework called Blaze, which can be instantiated in different domains by providing a suitable DSL and its corresponding concrete and abstract semantics. We have used the Blaze framework to build synthesizers for string and matrix transformations, and we compare Blaze with existing techniques. Our results for the string domain show that Blaze compares favorably with FlashFill, a domain-specific synthesizer that is now deployed in Microsoft PowerShell. In the context of matrix manipulations, we compare Blaze against Prose, a state-of-the-art general-purpose VSA-based synthesizer, and show that Blaze results in a 90x speed-up over Prose. In both application domains, Blaze also consistently improves upon the performance of two other existing techniques by at least an order of magnitude.