gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrospray Droplet Exposure to Gaseous Acids for the Manipulation of Protein Charge State Distributions (2010)

The exposure of electrospray droplets to acid vapors can significantly affect protein charge state distributions (CSDs) derived from unbuffered solutions. Such experiments have been conducted by leaking acidic vapors into the counter-current nitrogen drying gas of an electrospray interface. On the basis of changes in protein CSDs, protein folding and unfolding phenomena are implicated in these studies. Additionally, noncovalently bound complexes are preserved, and transient intermediates are observed, such as high charge state ions of holomyoglobin. CSDs of proteins containing disulfide bonds shift slightly, if at all, with acid vapor leak-in, but when these disulfide bonds are reduced in solution, charge states higher than the number of basic sites (Lys, Arg, His, and N-terminus) are observed. Since there is no observed change in the CSD of buffered proteins exposed to acidic vapors, this novel multiple charging phenomenon is attributed to a pH effect. Thus, this acid vapor leak-in approach can be used to reverse "wrong-way-round" nanoelectrospray conditions by altering solution pH in the charged droplets relative to the pH in bulk solution. In general, the exposure of electrospray droplets to acidic vapors provides means for altering protein CSDs independent of bulk unbuffered solution pH.
Multicenter evaluation of a new capillary blood prothrombin time monitoring system (1995)

The analytical performance of the new capillary blood prothrombin time monitoring system CoaguChek was examined in a multicenter evaluation at six hospitals. The coefficients of variation of the INR obtained in the CoaguChek imprecision study were approximately 7% in the control plasma provided (within-run and day-to-day) and 4% in blood (within-run). The prothrombin times were ascertained in capillary blood (CoaguChek PT Test) and citrated venous plasma (Hepato Quick, Thromborel S) from 359 patients under oral anticoagulation therapy with phenprocoumon, acenocoumarin or warfarin. The agreement with the test results obtained with the comparison methods was acceptable versus Hepato Quick assay (n = 359; y = 1.23 x -0.49, r = 0.888) and good versus Thromborel S method (n = 359; y = 1.09 x -0.28, r = 0.895). A simplified assessment of all test results (n = 795) in a nine-field comparison table showed a concordance with the comparison methods of more than 80 (Hepato Quick: 81%, Thromborel S: 83%). The concordance between Hepato-Quick and Thromborel S was slightly higher (88%). Its good analytical performance and convenient handling recommend the CoaguChek system as a suitable system for decentralized prothrombin time testing.
High dynamic range imaging (2004)

Current display devices can display only a limited range of contrast and colors, which is one of the main reasons that most image acquisition, processing, and display techniques use no more than eight bits per color channel. This course outlines recent advances in high-dynamic-range imaging, from capture to display, that remove this restriction, thereby enabling images to represent the color gamut and dynamic range of the original scene rather than the limited subspace imposed by current monitor technology. This hands-on course teaches how high-dynamic-range images can be captured, the file formats available to store them, and the algorithms required to prepare them for display on low-dynamic-range display devices. The trade-offs at each stage, from capture to display, are assessed, allowing attendees to make informed choices about data-capture techniques, file formats, and tone-reproduction operators. The course also covers recent advances in image-based lighting, in which HDR images can be used to illuminate CG objects and realistically integrate them into real-world scenes. Through practical examples taken from photography and the film industry, it shows the vast improvements in image fidelity afforded by high-dynamic-range imaging.
Evidence that loss of chromosome 18q is associated with tumor progression. (1997)

Four sets of cell lines (UM-SCC-14A, -14B, and -14C; UM-SCC-17A and -17B; UM-SCC-81A and -81B; and UM-SCC-83A and -83B), established from primary and metastatic or locally recurrent tumors from four patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, were examined for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 18q. Metastatic or recurrent cell lines from all four exhibited 18q LOH. UM-SCC-14A, -14B, and -14C, which were derived from locally recurrent (14A and 14B) and metastatic (14C) tumors, lost all of 18q. However, in the other three cases, there was a partial loss of 18q in the recurrent or metastatic tumor cell lines but not in the primary tumor cell lines from the same patient. To determine whether the cell lines accurately reflect in vivo loss of 18q, we analyzed matched sets of normal, tumor, and tumor cell line DNA from eight patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, including the tumor tissue corresponding to UM-SCC-81B. Three of the additional seven tumors and cell lines had 18q LOH. For all eight cases in which tumor and corresponding cell line DNAs were analyzed, there was complete concordance between allelic loss in the tumor and allelic loss in the corresponding cell line. The common region of loss established by tumors and cell lines with partial loss includes 18q21-18qter. This region contains the putative tumor suppressor gene DCC and two Mad (Mothers against dpp)-related genes, DPC4 and MADR2, which are both components in a transforming growth factor-beta-like signaling pathway. Loss of 18q in metastatic and locally recurrent tumors, but not in primary tumors from the same patients, suggests that a tumor suppressor gene in this region may be important in the progression of squamous cell carcinoma.
A new acquisition technique for carrier recovery with QAM signals (1993)

Describes a frequency error detector (FED) for all modulation systems using quadratic modulation schemes, such as 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM and so on. Its main advantage is the very high resistance to all kinds of signal faults such as distortions, level errors or noise. Simultaneously, it permits a high acquisition range to be achieved (more than Delta f/fs=5% in noise-free environments). Typical applications of the new FED are data transmissions over fading channels without using preambles or other additional aids for carrier acquisition. For this reason, very economical XPIC structures become possible. The method described here can be regarded as an advanced development of the FEDs presented by Sari and Moridi (1988).
Drug poisoning deaths in the United States, 1980-2008. (2011)

In 2008, the number of poisoning deaths exceeded the number of motor vehicle traffic deaths and was the leading cause of injury death for the fi rst time since at least 1980. During the past three decades, the poisoning death rate nearly tripled, while the motor vehicle traffic death rate decreased by one-half. During this period, the percentage of poisoning deaths that were caused by drugs increased from about 60% to about 90%. The population groups with the highest drug poisoning death rates in 2008 were males, people aged 45–54 years, and non-Hispanic white and American Indian or Alaska Native persons. The vast majority of drug poisoning deaths are unintentional (see Appendix table). Opioid analgesics were involved in more drug poisoning deaths than other specified drugs, including heroin and cocaine. Opioid analgesics were involved in nearly 15,000 deaths in 2008, while cocaine was involved in about 5,100 deaths and heroin was involved in about 3,000 deaths (data not shown). Deaths involving opioid analgesics may involve other drugs as well, including benzodiazepines (2). In addition to an increase in the number of deaths caused by drug poisoning, increases in drug use, abuse, misuse, and nonfatal health outcomes have been observed. In the past two decades, there has been an increase in the distribution and medical use of prescription drugs, including opioid analgesics (3). From 1999 to 2008, the use of prescription medications increased (4). In 2007–2008, 48% of Americans used at least one prescription drug in the past month and 11% of Americans used five or more prescriptions in the past month. Analgesics for pain relief were among the common drugs taken by adults aged 20–59 years (4). In 2009–2010, over 5 million Americans reported using prescription pain relievers nonmedically in the past month (that is, without a doctor’s prescription or only for the experience or feeling they caused), and the majority of people using prescription pain relievers nonmedically reported getting the drugs from friends or family (5,6). From 2004 to 2008, the estimated rate of emergency department visits involving nonmedical use of opioid analgesics doubled from 49 per 100,000 to 101 per 100,000 (7). Government agencies and other organizations joined together to achieve great reductions in the number of deaths from motor vehicle crashes in the past three decades (8,9). A comprehensive approach, including improvements in the safety of vehicles; improvements in roadways; increased use of restraint systems, such as seat belts and child safety seats; reductions in speed; and also efforts to reduce driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs, contributed to the decline in motor vehicle related deaths (8,9). Using a comprehensive, multifaceted approach, it may be possible to reverse the trend in drug poisoning mortality.
Numerical Investigation of the Growth Rate Enhancement of SiC Crystal Growth from Silicon Melts (2011)

Numerical study has been applied to analyze the high temperature solution growth process for bulk silicon carbide (SiC) crystal growth. A two-dimensional axisymmetric model for 2-in. SiC crystal growth was used for this study. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible approaches to enhance the growth rate in this process. In particular, we studied the effect of an AC magnetic field on the carbon transport to the crystal growth interface. The results revealed that the carbon flux to the growing crystal is strongly affected by the coil position and the applied frequency. If these two process parameters are properly chosen, we show that the carbon flux at the growing front, and thus the growth rate of SiC, can be enhanced.
The Pupil as a Paradigm for Neurological Control Systems (1984)

Mathematical models of the pupiflary system were introduced in connection with the control or transfer function analysis of the pupil reflex to light by Stark and Sherman [1] and by Stark [2], [3]. Indeed, the pupil was the paradigm for the application of control theory to a biological system. We review here: 1) the pupil as a control system for light, 2) high gain oscillations, 3) noise, 4) kernel identification of nonlinearities, and 5) experimental evidence for heuristic nonlinear models.
Real-time three-dimensional fingerprint acquisition via a new photometric stereo means (2013)

A real-time means for three-dimensional (3-D) fingerprint acquisition is presented. The system is configured with only one camera and some white light-emitting diode lamps. The reconstruction is performed based on the principle of photometric stereo. In the algorithm, a two-layer Hanrahan-Krueger model is proposed to represent the finger surface reflectance property instead of the traditional Lambert model. By the proposed lighting direction calibration and the nonuniform lighting correction methods, surface normal at each image point can be accurately estimated by solving a nonlinear optimization problem. Finally, a linear normal transformation is implemented for the enhancement of 3-D models. The experiments are implemented with real finger and palm prints, and the results are also compared with traditional means to show its feasibility and improvement in the reconstruction accuracy.
Structural approach for built-in tests in RF devices (2010)

Production testing of today's RF SoCs does not require expensive conventional tests. We propose a set of defect based tests for the RF/Analog sections, based on our analysis of defects that occur in a modern RFCMOS process.
Sodium diethylpiperidinohydroaluminate, a new selective reducing agent (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium diethylpiperidinohydroaluminate, a new selective reducing agentNung Min Yoon, Jin Hee Ahn, Duk Keun An, and Young Seok ShonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 7, 1941–1944Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00059a058https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00059a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views764Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hybrid Bionic Systems for the Replacement of Hand Function (2006)

In recent years, thanks to the advancement of robotics and mechatronics, new and more effective devices for the restoration and replacement of sensory-motor function in disabled people have been developed. In all these systems, user acceptability is strictly connected to several issues such as the residual abilities of the subject, the mechatronic characteristics of the robot, and also the interface chosen to link them. It is possible to figure out different "human-interface-device" combinations [also defined as "hybrid bionic systems" (HBSs)] characterized by different properties in terms of level of hybridness, connection, and augmentation. In particular, in HBSs the interface has to be customized according to the characteristics of the robotic artefact to be controlled and to the desires and needs of the final users. In this paper, our attention has been focused on the problem of the replacement of hand function after amputation. Three HBSs characterized by different levels of complexity, dexterity, and sensorization are presented in order to show the possibility of developing acceptable and effective systems by choosing different levels of connection and hybridness (i.e., different interfaces) for different devices and applications. The following case studies are presented: 1) the use of invasive interfaces to the peripheral nervous system to control a dexterous and highly sensorized hand prosthesis; 2) the use of electromyographic signals recorded using surface electrodes to control a compliant adaptive prosthesis; and 3) the use of a foot interface to control a two-degrees-of-freedom prosthesis. The preliminary results achieved so far seem to confirm the idea that the correct choice of the proper interface while developing an HBS can increase effectiveness and usability
Advances in corrosion casting methods. (1990)

This paper briefly discusses the concept of corrosion cast preparation (primarily of blood vessels), the use of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to study these casts and the observations which can be made, together with the merits and the limitations in various applications. A number of reviews and surveys are quoted in which the different injection media, injection methods, animal preparations and corrosion procedures are described. A new procedure of cleaning the corrosion casts with sodium hydroxide and Triton X-100 is described. The observations which can be made are listed and illustrated both on the cellular level as well as in organ systems as a whole. The discussion centers around some common misconceptions, the feasibility in various applications and the limitations of the method. The conclusion is that the method has proven to be useful especially in conjunction with other methods. Moreover, while the concept of the method may be very straight-forward the approach and the interpretation often need careful consideration and might not be as straight-forward as one tends to expect from the simple sounding principle.
The Technology of Accelerometry-Based Activity Monitors: Current and Future (2005)

The development of portable accelerometers has made objective assessments of physical activity possible. Future technological improvements will include examining raw acceleration signals and developing advanced models for accurate energy expenditure predictions.
Attributable cost of catheter-associated bloodstream infections among intensive care patients in a nonteaching hospital* (2006)

Patients with catheter-associated bloodstream infection had significantly longer ICU and hospital lengths of stay, with higher unadjusted total mortality rate and hospital cost compared with uninfected patients. After adjusting for underlying severity of illness, the attributable cost of catheter-associated bloodstream infection was approximately 11,971 dollars.
Buffer management in relational database systems (1986)

The hot-set model, characterizing the buffer requirements of relational queries, is presented. This model allows the system to determine the optimal buffer space to be allocated to a query; it can also be used by the query optimizer to derive efficient execution plans accounting for the available buffer space, and by a query scheduler to prevent thrashing. The hot-set model is compared with the working-set model. A simulation study is presented.
Transmission control scheme for fast RFID object identification (2006)

There are a variety of approaches to improve the speed at which large RFID tag populations are being identified. In this paper, we present a transmission control strategy for a common class of RFID multiple access schemes. It builds on earlier work on Bayesian broadcast strategies, but has been adapted to address characteristics of the RFID domain. It has been designed for framed ALOHA and it makes no restrictive assumptions about the distribution of the number of tags in the range of the interrogator. Experimental evidence and simulation results are presented showing that the proposed transmission control scheme performs well in practise when compared to existing approaches
Vision sensing for intelligent vehicle and highway systems (2002)

The complexity and congestion of current transportation systems often produce traffic situations that jeopardize the safety of the people involved. These situations vary from maintaining a safe distance behind a leading vehicle to safely allowing a pedestrian to cross a busy street. Environmental sensing plays a critical role in virtually all of these situations. Of the sensors available, vision sensors provide information that is richer and more complete than other sensors, making them a logical choice for a multisensor transportation system. In this paper we present robust techniques for intelligent vehicle and highway applications where computer vision plays a crucial role. In particular, we demonstrate that the controlled active vision framework can be utilized to provide a visual sensing modality to a traffic advisory system in order to increase the overall safety margin in a variety of common traffic situations. We have selected two application examples, vehicle tracking and pedestrian tracking, to demonstrate that the framework can provide precisely the type of information required to effectively manage the given situation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Immunopurification and Mass Spectrometric Quantification of the Active Form of a Chimeric Therapeutic Antibody in Human Serum (2008)

In this study, we show that liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry provides a sensitive, specific, and accurate absolute quantification of Erbitux, a human:murine chimeric mAb used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Micrometric magnetized beads, functionalized with soluble epidermal growth factor receptor (sEGFR), the pharmacological target of Erbitux, were used for specific immunocapture of Erbitux allowing assessment of the antibody's biological potency and sample purification. Following digestion with trypsin, specific peptides from light and heavy chains were monitored in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. Assay variability below 20% was provided through optimization of the digestion step and rigorous monitoring of the whole analytical process using an appropriate internal standard. The 20 ng/mL lower limit of quantification was similar to that of ELISA methods. These results show that this mass spectrometric approach is a potential alternative for pharmacokinetic evaluation of mAbs during clinical development.
Effects of vacuum conditions on low frequency noise in silicon field emission devices (1997)

The effects of pressure on emission current noise have been studied. Field emission currents from 50×50 arrays and single emitter silicon devices were observed over a range of pressures. The current fluctuations were analyzed in both the time and frequency domain. Signal to noise ratios between 0.9 and 6.9 were observed and appear to be more dependent on operation time and current than on pressures. At higher pressures, emission currents are reduced and the current is cut off completely above a threshold pressure which is somewhere in the 10 s of Torr. Plasmas were observed in the mTorr range. The total current from a 50×50 tip array was measured to be only one order of magnitude greater than that for a single tip, suggesting that only 4–10 of the emitters in the array were functional. Spectral density coefficients of low frequency measurements range from 1.37 to 1.81. Some pressure dependence is suggested in the lower pressure ranges. The single emitter exhibited burst noise with a cutoff frequency of about 10 Hz.
Davis arms (1900)

Davis arms Get access K. Davis K. Davis 1Dudley, Northumberland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s9-V, Issue 111, 10 February 1900, Page 108, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s9-V.111.108c Published: 10 February 1900
Localization errors in MR spectroscopic imaging due to the drift of the main magnetic field and their correction (2012)

Contrary to single-voxel MR spectroscopy, where it leads to line broadening, field drift can lead to localization errors in the longer chemical shift imaging experiments. Fortunately, this drift can be obtained at a negligible cost to sequence timing, and corrected for in post processing.