gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Salts of Perrhenic Acid. I. The Alkali Metals and Ammonium<sup>1</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Salts of Perrhenic Acid. I. The Alkali Metals and Ammonium1Wm. T. Smith Jr. and Selma Harmon LongCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 1, 354–356Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01181a110https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01181a110research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views404Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrated microelectrode array and microfluidics for temperature clamp of sensory neurons in culture (2004)

A device for cell culture is presented that combines MEMS technology and liquid-phase photolithography to create a microfluidic chip that influences and records electrical cellular activity. A photopolymer channel network is formed on top of a multichannel microelectrode array. Preliminary results indicated successful local thermal control within microfluidic channels and control of lamina position over the electrode array. To demonstrate the biological application of such a device, adult dissociated dorsal root ganglion neurons with a subpopulation of thermally-sensitive cells are attached onto the electrode array. Using laminar flow, dynamic control of local temperature of the neural cells was achieved while maintaining a constant chemical culture medium. Recording the expected altered cellular activity confirms the success of the integrated device.
Simultaneous Routing and Resource Allocation Via Dual Decomposition (2004)

In wireless data networks, the optimal routing of data depends on the link capacities which, in turn, are determined by the allocation of communications resources (such as transmit powers and bandwidths) to the links. The optimal performance of the network can only be achieved by simultaneous optimization of routing and resource allocation. In this paper, we formulate the simultaneous routing and resource allocation (SRRA) problem, and exploit problem structure to derive efficient solution methods. We use a capacitated multicommodity flow model to describe the data flows in the network. We assume that the capacity of a wireless link is a concave and increasing function of the communications resources allocated to the link, and the communications resources for groups of links are limited. These assumptions allow us to formulate the SRRA problem as a convex optimization problem over the network flow variables and the communications variables. These two sets of variables are coupled only through the link capacity constraints. We exploit this separable structure by dual decomposition. The resulting solution method attains the optimal coordination of data routing in the network layer and resource allocation in the radio control layer via pricing on the link capacities.
Sevoflurane in Exhaled Air of Operating Room Personnel (2003)

The present study depicts the profile of volatile anesthetics, isoflurane and sevoflurane, in exhaled air of ambulatory patients. Biomonitoring of expired anesthetic concentrations is a noninvasive and rapid method to determine volatile anesthetic excretion.
Building a player strategy model by analyzing replays of real-time strategy games (2008)

Developing computer-controlled groups to engage in combat, control the use of limited resources, and create units and buildings in real-time strategy (RTS) games is a novel application in game AI. However, tightly controlled online commercial game pose challenges to researchers interested in observing player activities, constructing player strategy models, and developing practical AI technology in them. Instead of setting up new programming environments or building a large amount of agentpsilas decision rules by playerpsilas experience for conducting real-time AI research, the authors use replays of the commercial RTS game StarCraft to evaluate human player behaviors and to construct an intelligent system to learn human-like decisions and behaviors. A case-based reasoning approach was applied for the purpose of training our system to learn and predict player strategies. Our analysis indicates that the proposed system is capable of learning and predicting individual player strategies, and that players provide evidence of their personal characteristics through their building construction order.
Lateral p-i-n photodetectors with 18 GHz bandwidth at 1.3 mu m wavelength and small bias voltages (2002)

Simultaneous n-type and p-type diffusion, compositional mixing, and formation of ohmic contacts have been used in the fabrication of lateral p-i-n photodetectors for short (0.85 mu m) and long (1.3 mu m and 1.5 mu m) wavelengths. Zinc-doped tungsten and MoGe/sub 2/ are used for the p-type and n-type contacts, doping, and compositional mixing using rapid thermal processing at approximately=750 degrees C. With structures utilizing GaAs and Ga/sub 0.47/In/sub 0.53/As active regions, 3 dB bandwidths exceeding 7.5 GHz and 18.0 GHz, respectively, have been achieved at bias voltages of approximately=5 V. The corresponding dark currents are sub-100 pA and sub-10 nA and the devices exhibit a large dynamic range, near-ideal responsivity, and a high sensitivity. The performance, ease of fabrication, and process compatibility make these devices suitable for integration in digital circuits using FET.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Clinical Implications and Management of Sub Clinical Hyperthyroidism: A Review (2012)

Sub clinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) is characterized by normal free thyroid hormone concentrations along with a low or undetectable serum TSH (thyrotropin) level. The increased use of TSH as a screening measure and improved assay sensitivity is contributing to the diagnosis of sub clinical hyperthyroidism more frequently than ever in our clinical practise leading to the increased prevalence of the disease. The significance of SCH remains uncertain for most patients as some will revert to normal thyroid status over time whereas others will either remain static or progress to overt thyroid disease in the future. The detrimental effects of a persistently suppressed TSH has now been extensively studied and its effect on the cardiovascular system, the skeleton, mood disturbance, quality of life is quite significant leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Majority of the patients are asymptomatic and lack overt features but the relevance of treatment is more focussed in elderly patients where the risk of developing cardiac arrhythmia and loss of bone mineral density is much more than young people in whom a conservative approach is usually preferred. The issue is contentious, the situation is challenging and the benefits of treatment are debatable. The consensus for who, when and how to treat is growing but still hasn’t been universally accepted. We attempt to review the recent literature available for sub clinical hyperthyroidism and suggest an analytical approach to its investigations and management.
A new approach for the fabrication of an alternating multilayer film of poly(4‐vinylpyridine) and poly(acrylic acid) based on hydrogen bonding (1997)

Abstract A new approach for the fabrication of a multilayer film assembly is explored, which is based on the alternating assembling of poly(4‐vinylpyridine) and poly(acrylic acid) via hydrogen bonding. The homogeneous multilayer films were characterized by UV‐Vis, X‐ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The nature of interaction between the two polymers is identified as hydrogen bonding by IR spectroscopy.
Erratum: Comparison of strangeness production between<i>A</i>+<i>A</i>and<i>p</i>+<i>p</i>reactions from 2 to 160<i>A</i>GeV [Phys. Rev. C<b>61</b>, 031901(R) (2000)] (2001)

Our paper should have cited the work of Gazdzicki and Roehrich 1. Our paper extends their two works, which should have been properly cited. We acknowledge Gazdzicki et al. for pointing out this omission
Is a low transfusion threshold safe in critically ill patients with cardiovascular diseases? (2001)

A restrictive red blood cell transfusion strategy generally appears to be safe in most critically ill patients with cardiovascular disease, with the possible exception of patients with acute myocardial infarcts and unstable angina.
Automated Postediting of Documents (1994)

Large amounts of low- to medium-quality English texts are now being produced by machine translation (MT) systems, optical character readers (OCR), and non-native speakers of English. Most of this text must be postedited by hand before it sees the light of day. Improving text quality is tedious work, but its automation has not received much research attention. Anyone who has postedited a technical report or thesis written by a non-native speaker of English knows the potential of an automated postediting system. For the case of MT-generated text, we argue for the construction of postediting modules that are portable across MT systems, as an alternative to hardcoding improvements inside any one system. As an example, we have built a complete self-contained postediting module for the task of article selection (a, an, the) for English noun phrases. This is a notoriously difficult problem for Japanese-English MT. Our system contains over 200,000 rules derived automatically from online text resources. We report on learning algorithms, accuracy, and comparisons with human performance.
Phylogeny of the bee family Megachilidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) based on adult morphology (2012)

Phylogenetic relationships within the bee family Megachilidae are poorly understood. The monophyly of the subfamily Fideliinae is questionable, the relationships among the tribes and subtribes in the subfamily Megachilinae are unknown, and some extant genera cannot be placed with certainty at the tribal level. Using a cladistic analysis of adult external morphological characters, we explore the relationships of the eight tribes and two subtribes currently recognised in Megachilidae. Our dataset included 80% of the extant generic‐level diversity, representatives of all fossil taxa, and was analysed using parsimony. We employed 200 characters and selected 7 outgroups and 72 ingroup species of 60 genera, plus 7 species of 4 extinct genera from Baltic amber. Our analysis shows that Fideliinae and the tribes Anthidiini and Osmiini of Megachilinae are paraphyletic; it supports the monophyly of Megachilinae, including the extinct taxa, and the sister group relationship of Lithurgini to the remaining megachilines. The Sub‐Saharan genus Aspidosmia , a rare group with a mixture of osmiine and anthidiine features, is herein removed from Anthidiini and placed in its own tribe, Aspidosmiini, new tribe . Protolithurgini is the sister of Lithurgini, both placed herein in the subfamily Lithurginae; the other extinct taxa, Glyptapina and Ctenoplectrellina, are more basally related among Megachilinae than Osmiini, near Aspidosmia , and are herein treated at the tribal level. Noteriades , a genus presently in the Osmiini, is herein transferred to the Megachilini. Thus, we recognise four subfamilies (Fideliinae, Pararhophitinae, Lithurginae and Megachilinae) and nine tribes in Megachilidae. We briefly discuss the evolutionary history and biogeography of the family, present alternative classifications, and provide a revised key to the extant tribes of Megachilinae.
Cultures patronales et types d'entreprises : esquisse d'une typologie du patronat (1988)

Produire une typologie du patronat semble hors de portée, aussi l'auteur ne nous en annonce-t-il que «l'esquisse ». Deux dimensions lui semblent toutefois devoir être croisées. L'une, culturelle, s'enracine dans la sociologie et l'histoire, les éléments structurants en sont : l'influence des élites préindustrielles, le rapport parasitaire à l'État, le radicalisme du prolétariat français, et le catholicisme de contre-Réforme. L'autre, socio-économique, permet de distinguer les entreprises selon leur «nature » — grandes entreprises ou PME — et selon le mode de recrutement et les orientations de leurs dirigeants.
A Hospital-Based Serological Survey of Cryptosporidiosis in the Republic of Korea (2009)

The seroprevalence of cryptosporidiosis was examined using patients' sera collected from hospitals located in 4 different areas of the Republic of Korea. ELISA was used to measure antibody titers against Cryptosporidium parvum antigens from a total of 2,394 serum samples, which were collected randomly from patients in local hospitals; 1) Chungbuk National University Hospital, 2) Konkuk University Hospital, 3) local hospitals in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do (province), 4) Jeonnam National University Hospital, from 2002 through 2003. Of the 2,394 samples assayed, 34%, 26%, and 56% were positive for C. parvum-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies, respectively. Positive IgG titers were most common in sera from Jeonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Jeollanam-do, and positive IgM titers were most common in sera from Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chuncheongbuk-do. The seropositivity was positively correlated with age for both the IgG and IgA antibodies but was negatively correlated with age for the IgM antibodies. Western blotting revealed that 92%, 83%, and 77% of sera positive for IgG, IgM, and IgA ELISA reacted with 27-kDa antigens, respectively. These results suggested that infection with Cryptosporidium in hospital patients occurs more commonly than previously reported in the Republic of Korea.
The intrinsic charge on hydrophobic microfluidic substrates (2006)

A synthesis of the literature provides an explanation for the hitherto unexplained charge on hydrophobic microfluidic substrates. It is due to the adsorption of hydroxide ions created by the enhanced autolysis of water at these surfaces.
Experience with the connection of large variable speed compressor drives to HV utility distribution systems (2000)

Recently, the first of several variable speed compressor drives with a rating of 30 MW was commissioned, driving a natural gas compressor supplied from a large distribution system in North America. In this paper, experiences of the planning and commissioning phases are reported, with special consideration of the compatibility levels for harmonics and the efforts necessary to meet these limits.
Comparison of spiral gradient endpoint and agar dilution methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria: a multilaboratory collaborative evaluation (1996)

A multilaboratory collaborative study was carried out to assess the utility of the spiral gradient endpoint (SGE) method for the determination of the antimicrobial susceptibilities of anaerobes and to evaluate the equivalence of the MICs obtained by the SGE method with those obtained by the reference agar dilution method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. The standard deviation of the MIC obtained by the SGE method for the five participating laboratories was +/- 0.26 of a twofold dilution, whereas it was +/- 1 twofold dilution by the reference method. The interlaboratory reproducibility of the results for two control strains tested with imipenem, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole indicated that 96% of the measurements fell within +/- 1 twofold dilution of the mode. The equivalence of the SGE method with the agar dilution method was assessed with a wide variety of anaerobic organisms. The MICs by both methods were within 1 doubling dilution in 93% of the measurements (n = 1,074). Discrepancies generally occurred with those organism-drug combinations that resulted in tailing endpoints (Fusobacterium nucleatum, 86% agreement) or in cases of light growth (Peptostreptococcus spp., 86% agreement).
Experimental investigation into radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) flip-flop designs in a 65nm CMOS process (2016)

We comprehensively study three types of radiation-hardened flip-flops: DICE for SEU-hardening, temporal for SET-hardening, and Triple-Modular-Redundancy for SEU-cum-SET-hardening. Our study includes their trade-offs of circuit/radiation-hardness attributes. We find that DICE flip-flops remain the most competitive.
Exploiting Semantic Information and Deep Matching for Optical Flow (2016)

We tackle the problem of estimating optical flow from a monocular camera in the context of autonomous driving. We build on the observation that the scene is typically composed of a static background, as well as a relatively small number of traffic participants which move rigidly in 3D. We propose to estimate the traffic participants using instance-level segmentation. For each traffic participant, we use the epipolar constraints that govern each independent motion for faster and more accurate estimation. Our second contribution is a new convolutional net that learns to perform flow matching, and is able to estimate the uncertainty of its matches. This is a core element of our flow estimation pipeline. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in the challenging KITTI 2015 flow benchmark, and show that our approach outperforms published approaches by a large margin.
<i>Para</i> to <i>Ortho</i> Repositioning of the Arsenical Moiety of the Angiogenesis Inhibitor 4-(<i>N</i>-(<i>S</i>-Glutathionylacetyl)Amino)Phenylarsenoxide Results in a Markedly Increased Cellular Accumulation and Antiproliferative Activity (2005)

The synthetic tripeptide arsenical 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino)p-phenylarsenoxide (p-GSAO) is an angiogenesis inhibitor that inactivates mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) by cross-linking a pair of matrix-facing cysteine residues. This causes an increase in superoxide levels and proliferation arrest of endothelial cells followed by mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis. p-GSAO induces proliferation arrest in endothelial cells and is a selective inhibitor of endothelial cells compared with tumor cells. An analogue of p-GSAO has been made in which the arsenical moiety is at the ortho instead of the para position on the phenyl ring. o-GSAO, like p-GSAO, bound to ANT in a dithiol-dependent manner but was approximately 8-fold more efficient than p-GSAO at triggering the mitochondria permeability transition in isolated mitochondria. o-GSAO was an approximately 50-fold more potent inhibitor of endothelial and tumor cell proliferation than p-GSAO. The mechanism of this effect was a consequence of approximately 300-fold faster rate of accumulation of o-GSAO in the cells, which is due, at least in part, to impaired export by the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1. Administration of o-GSAO to tumor-bearing mice delayed tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis but there were side effects not observed with p-GSAO administration.
Expression of the Functional Glucocorticoid Receptor in Mouse and Human Lens Epithelial Cells (2003)

These results demonstrate expression of the functional glucocorticoid receptor in mouse and human lens epithelial cells. This finding suggests that glucocorticoids may act on the mouse and human lens directly during normal lens development and/or cataractogenesis.
Traumatic Rupture of the Aorta (1944)

nervous system may have a bearing on the production of " functional hyperinsulinism."Cori (1931) in an extensive review concluded that vagal impulses play a part in the finer regulation of the insulin production, and Cannon et al. (1924) have shown that nervous control of the adrenal medulla via the splanchnic nerves ensures a rapid adrenaline response.It can well be appreciated how the continuance of abnormal stress in a susceptible individual may give rise to abnormality or instability in the control of these opposing impulses by the hypothalamic region.The terminal stages of the glucose- tolerance test is illustrative of this. SummaryA case of " reactive hyperinsulinism," manifest by an excessive post-prandial fall of the blood-sugar level, is described.Points in the differential diagnosis from hyperinsulinism' due to tumour of the pancreatic islets are discussed.My thanks are due to Dr. H. Gardiner-Hill for his interest and permission to publish this case, and to Dr. C.
Urinary elimination half-life of delta-1-tetrahydrocannabinol-7-oic acid in heavy marijuana users after smoking. (1989)

The urinary excretion of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol-7-oic acid (delta 1-THC-7-oic acid), the major urinary metabolite of delta 1-THC, and the total amount of THC metabolites was studied in heavy marijuana users after smoking using high-performance liquid chromatography and the EMT-d.a.u. cannabinoid assay. An average elimination half-life (+/- SD) of 3.0 +/- 2.3 days was obtained for delta 1-THC-7-oic acid. The average ratio (+/- SD) of "EMIT readings"/delta 1-THC-7-oic acid concentrations was 1.23 +/- 1.03.
A Probabilistic Model of Redundancy in Information Extraction (2006)

Unsupervised Information Extraction (UIE) is the task of extracting knowledge from text without using hand-tagged training examples. A fundamental problem for both UIE and supervised IE is assessing the probability that extracted information is correct. In massive corpora such as the Web, the same extraction is found repeatedly in different documents. How does this redundancy impact the probability of correctness?

This paper introduces a combinatorial balls-andurns model that computes the impact of sample size, redundancy, and corroboration from multiple distinct extraction rules on the probability that an extraction is correct. We describe methods for estimating the model's parameters in practice and demonstrate experimentally that for UIE the model's log likelihoods are 15 times better, on average, than those obtained by Pointwise Mutual Information (PMI) and the noisy-or model used in previous work. For supervised IE, the model's performance is comparable to that of Support Vector Machines, and Logistic Regression.