gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycosidases of Phaseolus vulgaris (1968)

The enzymes, cr-galactosidase, P-galactosidase, a-mannosidase, P-glucosidase, and p-acetylglucosaminidase, have been purified from the germinating seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris.All five enzymes have been simultaneously isolated in a highly active form.The pH optimum, K,,,, and energy of activation of each glycosidase for the reaction of hydrolysis of the appropriate P-nitrophenyl glycoside have been determined.The specificity of the enzymes has been studied by using synthetic and natural substrates such as melibiose, r&ose, stachyose, lactose, mannobiose, methyl cx-D-mannopyranoside, cellobiose, gentiobiose, sophorose, and methyl P-D-glucopyranoside.All these enzymes appear to be highly specific for the glycopyranosyl group and the anomeric configuration of the glycosidic linkage.Their action on macromolecules, such as galactomannans from guar and locust bean gums, desialyzed fetuin and its tryptic glycopeptides, a glycopeptide from orosomucoid, and ribonuclease B, has been studied.
Critical-temperature/Peierls-stress dependent size effects in body centered cubic nanopillars (2013)

The size-dependent plasticity of body centered cubic (bcc) metals is different from face centered cubic (fcc) metals: the size-effect exponent n varies for different bcc metal nanopillars (n = 0.8–1.0 for V, Nb; n = 0.3–0.5 for Ta, Mo, W). This inconsistency is first explained through a simple model based on the temperature-dependent Peierls stress. The bcc V nanopillars with a low critical temperature and Peierls stress showed a fcc-like size effect with n = 0.79, and our in-situ TEM compression study revealed that fcc-like dislocation starvation occurred in bcc V nanopillars, indicating that a small Peierls stress in V contributes to the fcc-like behavior.
Comparison of Rankine-cycle power systems: effects of seven working fluids (1981)

This study investigates the safety, health, technical, and economic issues surrounding the prime working-fluid candidates for industrial Rankine-cycle power systems in the range of 600 to 2400 kW. These fluids are water, methanol, 2-methyl pyridine/H/sub 2/O, Fluorinol 85, toluene, Freon R 11, and Freon R 113. Rankine-cycle power systems using water as a working fluid and boilers burning coal, refuse, oil, or gas - or driven by nuclear energy - have been the mainstay of power generation for about a century. Interest in energy conservation in the industrial sector is now encouraging the development of small Rankine power systems that use heat from a variety of waste streams. The temperature range of interest for industrial applications is from 500/sup 0/F to 1100/sup 0/F (260/sup 0/C to 593/sup 0/C) for gaseous streams and approximately 300/sup 0/F (149/sup 0/C) for condensing streams. At temperatures below about 700/sup 0/F (371/sup 0/C), steam systems become less efficient and too expensive to be used. However, other working fluids, usually organic compounds, can be economically attractive at the lower temperatures. This study shows that, at current and projected energy costs, Rankine-cycle power systems using any of the seven working fluids investigated here can exceed the minimum return on investment (ROI) criteria of most industries. The highest ROIs occur for those systems using a 300/sup 0/F (149/sup 0/C) condensing stream as the heat source. There appear to be no significant health or safety problems that would prevent the use of any of the candidate working fluids. The only limitation of an organic fluid is its maximum stability temperature, which may prevent its use with high-temperature waste-heat streams.
Near-infrared-absorbing squaraine dyes containing 2,3-dihydroperimidine terminal groups (1993)

K. A. Bello, S. N. Corns and J. Griffiths, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1993, 452 DOI: 10.1039/C39930000452
Molecular cloning, sequencing, and physiological characterization of the qox operon from Bacillus subtilis encoding the aa3-600 quinol oxidase. (1992)

Bacillus subtilis contains two aa3-type terminal oxidases (caa3-605 and aa3-600) catalyzing cytochrome c and quinol oxidation, respectively, with the concomitant reduction of O2 to H2O (Lauraeus, M., Haltia, T., Saraste, M., and Wikström, M. (1991) Eur. J. Biochem. 197, 699-705). Previous studies characterized only the structural genes of caa3-605 oxidase. We isolated the genes coding for the four subunits of a B. subtilis terminal oxidase from a genomic DNA library. These genes, named qoxA to qoxD, are organized in an operon. Examination of the deduced amino acid sequence of Qox subunits showed that this oxidase is structurally related to the large family of mitochondrial-type aa3 terminal oxidases. In particular, the amino acid sequences are very similar to those of subunits of Escherichia coli bo quinol oxidase and B. subtilis caa3-605 cytochrome c oxidase. We produced, by in vitro mutagenesis, a mutation in the qox operon. From the phenotype of the mutant strain devoid of Qox protein, the study of expression of the qox operon in different growth conditions, and the analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the subunits, we concluded that Qox protein and aa3-600 quinol oxidase are the same protein. Although several terminal oxidases are found in B. subtilis, Qox oxidase (aa3-600) is predominant during the vegetative growth and its absence leads to important alterations of the phenotype of B. subtilis.
The Nonsignaling Extracellular Spacer Domain of Chimeric Antigen Receptors Is Decisive for <i>In Vivo</i> Antitumor Activity (2014)

The use of synthetic chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) to redirect T cells to recognize tumor provides a powerful new approach to cancer immunotherapy; however, the attributes of CARs that ensure optimal in vivo tumor recognition remain to be defined. Here, we analyze the influence of length and composition of IgG-derived extracellular spacer domains on the function of CARs. Our studies demonstrate that CD19-CARs with a long spacer from IgG4 hinge-CH2-CH3 are functional in vitro but lack antitumor activity in vivo due to interaction between the Fc domain within the spacer and the Fc receptor-bearing myeloid cells, leading to activation-induced T-cell death. We demonstrate that in vivo persistence and antitumor effects of CAR-T cells with a long spacer can be restored by modifying distinct regions in the CH2 domain that are essential for Fc receptor binding. Our studies demonstrate that modifications that abrogate binding to Fc receptors are crucial for CARs in which a long spacer is obligatory for tumor recognition as shown here for a ROR1-specific CAR. These results demonstrate that the length and composition of the extracellular spacer domain that lacks intrinsic signaling function can be decisive in the design of CARs for optimal in vivo activity.
Real Time Traffic Light Detection by Autonomous Vehicles using Artificial Neural Network Techniques (2019)

Autonomous vehicles are the reality of the future, they will open up the way for future advanced systems where computers are expected to take over the decision making of driving. These automobiles are capable of sensing their environment and moving with little or no human input. The main goal of this research is to detect traffic light in real-time for autonomous vehicles. Apart from taking decisions to navigate in the right manner the autonomous vehicles important task is to detect traffic lights, so that it can obey the traffic rules with sufficient precision. The work carried out in this research makes use of two Artificial Intelligence technique, these techniques are compared in accomplishing the task of traffic light detection in real time. The two models that are designed and implemented are Convolution neural network (CNN) and Deep Convolution Inverse Graphics Network (DCIGN). The results clearly show that DCIGN out performance CNN by 8%.
Intrinsic Expression of Immune Checkpoint Molecule TIGIT Could Help Tumor Growth in vivo by Suppressing the Function of NK and CD8+ T Cells (2018)

TIGIT, an immune checkpoint molecule widely expressed on NK cells, activated T cells and Tregs, has been involved in delivering inhibitory signals through the interaction with PVR. The blockade of TIGIT/PVR interaction is a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we unexpectedly discovered the expression of TIGIT in murine tumor cells. To elucidate the mechanism of such intrinsic expression, TIGIT knockout murine colorectal CT26 and MC38 cell lines were generated by using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Although TIGIT knockout showed no effects on proliferation and colony formation of tumor cells <i>in vitro</i>, the tumor growth in mice was considerably inhibited. TIGIT knockout led to the increase of IFN-γ secretion by NK and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. Further, in BABL/c nude mice, CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells depleting mice and NK cells depleting nude mice, the promotion of tumor growth was significantly diminished, suggesting that both NK cells and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were involved in the tumor promoting process mediated by intrinsic TIGIT. In addition, blocking TIGIT/PVR interaction by the antibody or recombinant PVR protein could elicit anti-tumor effects by facilitating the tumor infiltration and restoring the function of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, and the antibody-mediate TIGIT blockade could inhibit MC38 tumor growth through blocking TIGIT expressed on tumor cells. We therefore propose a novel TIGIT/PVR interaction mode that tumor intrinsic TIGIT delivers inhibitory signals to CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and NK cells by engaging with PVR.
Adaptive receive and transmit apodization for synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging (2009)

This paper suggests a framework for utilizing adaptive, data-dependent apodization weights on both the receiving and transmitting aperture for Synthetic Aperture (SA) ultrasound imaging. The suggested approach is based on the Minimum Variance (MV) beamformer and consists of two steps. A set of uniquely designed receive apodization weights are applied to pre-summed element data forming a set of adaptively weighted images; these are in SA literature conventionally referred to as low-resolution images. The adaptive transmit apodization is obtained by applying MV across the full set of single emission images before summation. The method is investigated using simulated SA ultrasound data obtained using Field II. Data of 13 point targets distributed at depths from 40 mm to 70 mm, and a 5.5 MHz, 64-element linear array transducer have been used. The investigation has shown that the introduction of adaptive apodization weights on the transmitting aperture provides a main-lobe reduction (estimated at -30 dB) by a factor of 1.8 compared to the method using adaptive apodization weights on the receiving aperture only.
President's page (2009)

I have been a member of the JASIST Editorial Board for more than 16 years — long enough to witness many changes in our Society's major scholarly publication. The Journal has grown in size while maintaining its high ranking among comparable journals. The publication backlog has decreased and time-to-publication reduced. Yet, like most things, the Journal could be improved. One thing editorial board members have noticed is that our competition is getting better. Their impact factors have been rising. In some years, for some journals, the impact factor is superior to that of JASIST. Perhaps the quality of these other journals is why some ASIS&T members submit their manuscripts to them rather than JASIST. Or perhaps it is personal connections to other editorial boards and their members that account for this decision. Whatever the reason, it is unfortunate that more of our members do not make JASIST their first choice. Who belongs to ASIS&T is, of course, a related factor. A few years back, and with the help of the JASIST publisher, I did a longitudinal analysis of JASIST authorship from 1990 to 2000, finding that almost two-thirds of the authors were not members of ASIS&T and that there were roughly as many authors from computer science departments as from LIS departments (about 20% came from each discipline). I followed up that analysis with a survey of 131 of those non-member authors. What they told me would not surprise you: Other organizations competed for their attention, time and money, and they chose to join ACM, IEEE, the American Library Association or some other association, rather than ASIS&T. A few of the European and Asian authors cited the North American emphasis of ASIS&T as a reason for not joining. While they lavished praise upon the Society's Journal, they were not as convinced about the value of ASIS&T membership. So it is that we have many non-members publishing in JASIST and a number of members who prefer to send their work elsewhere. The latter circumstance is a shame as it undermines the virtuous circle operating between the Society and its journal: The more that prominent members of the Society publish in JASIST, the stronger the Journal becomes. And the stronger that JASIST becomes, the more visible and financially secure the Society becomes. My hope for ASIS&T is that we recruit more members. And my wish for the Journal is that more of our members will publish there. We need to keep our Society's primary publication strong. The best way we can do that is to make it the first choice for our own work and that of our students and colleagues. I believe that under the stewardship of our new editor, Blaise Cronin, JASIST will improve. I predict that both the rejection rate and the impact factor will rise, making the Journal more prominent than ever. Can we make our Society equally attractive to non-members?
Codebook Design for Cross-Polarized Linear Antenna Array in LTE-A Downlink System (2011)

Multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) has been adopted by long term evolution (LTE) and its updated version LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) to increase system spectrum efficiency. However, the benefits of multi-user (MU) MIMO highly rely on an accurate channel knowledge at the transmitter. So proper codebook design is a key problem for LTE-A FDD downlink system. In this paper, the channel characteristic specific to cross-polarized linear antenna array is analyzed, then its codebook design based on amplitude and phase adjustment is proposed for LTE-A downlink system. The proposed codebooks are compared to the differential scheme [7] on the average cell spectral efficiency and cell-edge user spectral efficiency evaluated through system level simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed codebooks significantly improve channel feedback efficiency and system performance.
Insulin Delivery Systems for Controlling Diabetes (2007)

The goal of all drug delivery systems is to deploy medications intact to specifically targeted parts of the body through a medium that can control the therapys administration by means of either a physiological or chemical trigger. The polypeptide insulin is the primary hormone responsible for controlling the transport, utilization and storage of glucose in the body. Due to the inconvenience of insulin injections, various approaches have been attempted to formulate insulin for administration by non-injectable routes. Different approaches to deliver insulin including transdermal, transmucosal, pulmonary route using dry aerosols and inhalers, smart hydrogels, nasal delivery, oral delivery, and treatment of diabetes with synthetic beta cells, has resulted in recent developments in treatment of diabetes. Among the latest patent approaches are delivering into the subject a genetic construct comprising a coding sequence for a human proinsulin operably connected a promoter functional in the host cells. Polypeptides having activity of human neurogenin3 (hNgn3), and nucleic acid encoding such polypeptide are among the other inventions that use of islet transcription factors such as hNgn3 to facilitate production of pancreatic islet cells from progenitor cells, and to facilitate insulin delivery by production of islet cells so produced. Keywords: Insulin, Hydrogels, Nasal delivery, PEG-insulin, Blood glucose level, Aerosols, Transdermal
iPOJO: an Extensible Service-Oriented Component Framework (2007)

Nowadays, application needs loose-coupling approach allowing asynchronous evolution. Service-oriented computing is a paradigm that utilizes services as fundamental elements for application design, and fulfills loose-coupling requirement. However, services themselves are typically only used to abstract remote functionality; the service-oriented approach proffered by web services does not promote an implementation model managing service dynamism. This paper proposes iPOJO, a service-oriented component to implement services. However, this component model does not only manage dynamic service interactions; it also provides an extensibility mechanism. IPOJO Components can manage other non-functional properties as persistency, security, autonomic management, eventing... To illustrate the approach, the paper presents a usage of iPOJO on a residential gateway.
Helium resources of Mare Tranquillitatis (1991)

Wisconsin Center for Space Automation and Robotics, Univ. of Wisc., Madison, Wisc. Mare Tranquillitatis, about 300000 sq km in area, is currently the most promising lunar source of He-3 for fueling fusion power plants on Earth. About 60 pct. of the mare regolith consists of particles 100 microns or less in diameter. Helium and other gases derived from the solar wind are concentrated in the fine size fractions. Studies of very small craters indicate that the average regolith exceeds 3 m in areas away from larger craters and other mare features not amenable to mining. There is no evidence of decrease of helium content of regolith and depth. Helium is known to be enriched in regoliths that are high in TiO2 content. Remote sensing indicates that about 90 pct. of Mare Tranquillitatis is covered by regolith ranging from about 6 to +7.5 pct. TiO2; inferred He contents range from 20 to at least 45 wppm total helium (7 to 18 wppb He-3). Detailed studies of craters and inferred ejecta halos displayed on high resolution photographs of the Apollo 11 and Ranger 8 areas suggest that as much as 50 pct. of the mare regolith may be physically minable, on average, with appropriate mining equipment. Assuming that the average thickness of regolith is 3 m, and that 50 pct. of the mare area is minable, the He-3 content of minable regolith containing 20 to 45 wppm total He is estimated at about 94,000 tonnes.
The relationship between abnormalities of pigmentation and of the inner ear (1970)

Abstract Abnormalities of pigmentation and of the inner ear occur together in inherited syndromes in several mammals, including man. The pigmentary abnormalities are always of the white spotting kind, which is distinct from albinism, although the entire skin and fur may be affected. The inner ear abnormalities are confined to the cochlea and the saccule, and follow a certain pattern. Recently, the author obtained some evidence suggesting that this association might be based on the common origin of the melanocytes and a part of the acoustic ganglion in the neural crest: the abnormalities of the ear were looked for in two spotted mutants in the mouse in which the neural crest had been experimentally shown to be abnormal, and they were found. The questions arose: how widespread were abnormalities of the ear in animals with spotting, and what were the requirements in size and locality of spots for the involvement of the ear? To answer these the inner ear was examined in mice of 15 genotypes covering a wide range with regard to the degree and locality of spotting. Abnormalities were found in all heavily spotted genotypes. Of much greater interest were the observations that the pigmentation of the inner ear was also always affected; that the spotting of the coat was not a good guide to this internal 'spotting'; and that the severity and extent of the inner ear abnormalities were much more closely related to the internal than to the external spotting. Moreover, most genotypes had their own pattern of internal ‘spotting’. No observation was made that was incompatible with the hypothesis that the neural crest might be the link between the two components of the syndrome. The chief alternative explanation, that the pigment or the pigment cells have some unknown function in the inner ear, cannot be entirely ruled out, but it has several weighty arguments against it. This study has also explained why the two components of the syndrome sometimes appear to be separated. It has shown that the problem of the nature and origin of spotting in mammals is even more complex than was thought before. The evolutionary significance of the relationship between pigmentation and the inner ear is pointed out.
A 28GHz self-contained power amplifier for 5G applications in 28nm FD-SOI CMOS (2017)

This paper presents a 28 GHz CMOS balanced Power Amplifier (PA) with integrated quadrature hybrid couplers to achieve robust load insensitivity for 5G phased array applications. The proposed balanced PA achieves a saturated output power (Psat) of 18.7dBm and a maximum Power Added Efficiency (PAE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ) of 12.4% with 17.5dB gain. It consumes 154mW and occupies 0.66mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of die area. Each power cell is based on class-AB Segmented Biased Push-Pull (SBPP) topology to improve both the AM-AM and AM-PM conversion. The circuit is implemented in 28nm UTBB FD-SOI CMOS technology taking, advantage of the back gate for threshold voltage adjustment.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 4/2013 (2013)

Front Cover: Within the mixed aggregates of a dye labeled thermoresponsive copolymer and a conjugated polycation, efficient energy transfer results in strong polyelectrolyte emission. Upon phase transition, formation of large aggregates with local segregation of the two macromolecules leads to almost complete recovery of donor fluorescence intensity. Further details can be found in the article by S. Inal, J. D. Kölsch, L. Chiappisi, M. Kraft, A. Gutacker, D. Janietz, U. Scherf, M. Gradzielski, A. Laschewsky,* and D. Neher* on page 435.
Cardioprotective effects of erythropoietin on postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction in appropriate therapeutic windows (2008)

Erythropoietin has the potential to improve postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction and short-term survival in appropriate therapeutic windows.
<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>Infection in Mice Induces Nitric Oxide-Mediated Immunosuppression through a Natural Killer Cell-Dependent Pathway (1998)

Splenocytes isolated from C57BL/6J female mice 3 to 7 days after inoculation with an attenuated strain of Salmonella typhimurium produced high levels of nitric oxide (39 to 77 microM) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Additionally, spleen cell cultures from Salmonella-inoculated mice were markedly suppressed in their ability to generate an in vitro plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep erythrocytes. Depletion of natural killer (NK) cells from the immune splenocyte population markedly reduced nitric oxide production, prevented suppression of PFC responses, and completely abrogated IFN-gamma release. Treatment of NK cell-depleted immune cells with IFN-gamma restored nitric oxide production to levels comparable to those of intact immune cells and also restored the immunosuppression. These results suggest that NK cells regulate the induction of nitric oxide-mediated immunosuppression following infection with S. typhimurium through the production of IFN-gamma.