gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kiln stabilization and control-a COMDALE/C expert system approach (2002)

The kiln back-end temperature is known to be a key factor in the stability of kiln operation. A kiln control strategy that relies on consistent adjustment of parameters to maintain a stable back-end temperature can significantly improve the kiln performance. Such a control strategy, based on the 27 basic kiln conditions derived from burning-zone temperature, back-end temperature, and oxygen percent, has been developed and implemented with expert systems technology. The approach provides a simplified methodology that is independent of the kiln, and addresses the main requirements associated with developing expert system applications for kiln control. The methodology is described in detail, and results are presented. A method for displaying the complete kiln status without presenting any numerical values of parameters is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ultra precise timing with SiPM-based TOF PET scintillation detectors (2009)

The combination of SiPMs with fast and bright scintillators, such as LaBr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce, seems very promising for application in time-of-flight (TOF) PET. We therefore conducted a series of experiments with the goal of obtaining the best possible timing resolution with SiPM-based scintillation detectors in order to establish a bench mark for future experiments with different detector designs. The detectors employed in our measurements consisted of two SiPMs (Hamamatsu MPPC-S10362-33-050C), which were directly coupled to small scintillation crystals, viz. LaBr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Ce and LYSO. An excellent coincidence resolving time (CRT) for <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22</sup> Na 511 annihilation photons of 99.5 ps ± 0.6 ps FWHM could be achieved at the optimized electronics and digitizer settings with two LaBr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :5%Ce crystals. A CRT of 171.5 ps ± 0.8 ps FWHM was obtained with L(Y)SO crystals. These results compare well to the predictions of a statistical model which was developed to describe the timing performance of SiPM based scintillation detectors.
<title>Context recognition and situation assessment in autonomous mobile robots</title> (1993)

The capability to recognize the operating context and to assess the situation in real-time is needed, if a high functionality autonomous mobile robot has to react properly and effectively to continuously changing situations and events, either external or internal, while the robot is performing its assigned tasks. A new approach and architecture for context recognition and situation assessment module (CORSA) is presented in this paper. CORSA is a multi-level information processing module which consists of adaptive decision and classification algorithms. It performs dynamic mapping from the data space to the context space, and dynamically decides on the context class. Learning mechanism is employed to update the decision variables so as to minimize the probability of misclassification. CORSA is embedded within the Mission Manager module of the intelligent autonomous hyper-controller (IAHC) of the mobile robot. The information regarding operating context, events and situation is then communicated to other modules of the IAHC where it is used to: (a) select the appropriate action strategy; (b) support the processes to arbitration and conflict resolution between reflexive behaviors and reasoning-driven behaviors; (c) predict future events and situations; and (d) determine criteria and priorities for planning, replanning, and decision making.
Some experiments with a simple word recognition system (1968)

This paper describes some pilot experiments in a project to recognize selected words spoken by any talker. For this initial work, a population of 10 talkers is used and the 32 test words are spoken in isolation. In the experiments, a word is represented by a set of regularly spaced time samples of the normalized spectrum envelope, and recognition is achieved by comparison of such a set of samples with a library of stored sets. Limitations on computer storage necessitate a compact method of coding a spectrum sample. Two methods have been compared, one of which classifies spectra into a very small number of types, while the other uses a 24-bit representation. The most serious problem encountered in spectrum matching is the well-known lack of synchronism between corresponding spectral events when phonemically identical words are spoken by different talkers. This paper describes an attack on this problem, which relies on using a number of sets of spectrum samples to represent each word in the stored library of words to be recognized. There are a number of ways of using the scores obtained from matching an unknown word with a library of known words. Some of these are described and some results are given both for the case where the unknown word is known to be in the stored library, and for the case where there is no such limitation.
Poetic Meter Classification Using Acoustic Cues (2018)

Poems, which communicate through rhythm and its apparent meaning have a vital role in any literary. Meter, a set of well defined rules gives rhythm to the poetry. In this paper, a meter classification scheme using fusion of low level, mid-level and high-level musical texture features, computed from recited poems is addressed. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using a newly created poetic corpus in Malayalam, one of the classical languages in India. Initially, a baseline system with mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) feature set is performed. In the second phase, experiment is conducted with musical texture features. In the third phase, experiment is extended using early fusion of MFCC with the feature set considered in the second phase. Support vector based classifier is used in the classification phase. Later, the same feature-sets are experimented with deep neural network(DNN) based classifier. Whilst MFCC-SVM system reports an overall accuracy of 60%, the second phase reported an accuracy of 68%. In the third phase, complementary information provided by the MFCC and musical texture features aided to improve the system performance (accuracy, 90%). In the DNN based experiments, the highest accuracy of 92% is reported for feature-fusion. The experimental study shows the promise of early fusion of MFCC with musical texture feature set in poetic meter classification and its analysis.
Benjamin Civiletti: The Satisfaction of Serving (1994)

In three decades of practice, Benjamin Civiletti has never hesitated to serve his country, the community, or people in need.
Formation of Trichlorosilyl‐Substituted Carbon‐Centered Stable Radicals through the Use of π‐Accepting Carbenes (2013)

A radical change: Cyclic alkyl(amino) carbenes formed zwitterionic adducts with SiCl4, which were further converted into carbon-centered stable radicals by changing the donor-acceptor C→Si coordinate bond into a CSi covalent bond through a KC8 reduction. As the carbon radical site was directly bonded to a SiCl3 unit, a radical center that is right next to an acceptor has been generated.
A three‐gene expression signature model to predict clinical outcome of clear cell renal carcinoma (2008)

Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are morphologically and genetically heterogeneous tumors and present diverse clinical courses. We developed a scoring system using levels of gene expression to predict the outcome for clear cell RCC patients. We selected differentially expressed genes from the DNA microarray data of 27 clear cell RCCs; 16 were metastasis phenotypes and 11 were not. We compared the selected gene set with previously published data and identified 33 overlapping genes closely associated with patient outcome. We selected the 12 top-ranked genes and confirmed the level of expression using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that 3 genes-vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB), and regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5)-were the most tightly associated with cancer-specific survival and that higher expression of the 3 genes correlated with better outcome. A formula for an outcome predictor was generated from integration of the measurements of the expression levels of the 3 genes. Multivariate Cox models combined with a split-sample cross-validation method in a cohort of 386 clear cell RCC patients demonstrated that the derived score for outcome prediction was an independent predictor in cancer-specific survival tests. The accuracy of the prediction of cancer death after nephrectomy was improved by the inclusion of this score in receiver operating characteristic analysis from multivariate logistic regression models, suggesting that a scoring system based on the expression levels of these 3 genes is useful in the prediction of survival for patients with clear cell RCC.
The biology of hypoxia: the role of oxygen sensing in development, normal function, and disease (2004)

The ability to sense and respond to changes in oxygen is essential for the survival of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Oxygen-sensing mechanisms have been developed to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis, as well as to adapt to the chronic low-oxygen conditions found in diseases such as cancer. This report on the first Keystone Meeting on the Biology of Hypoxia will summarize our current understanding of key genes and pathways involved in oxygen sensing that are required for normal development and that are dysregulated in disease states. It will also comment on future directions for this exciting field.
Environmentally Friendly Polysilane Photoresists (1995)

Several novel polysilanes synthesized by the free-radical hydrosilation of oligomeric polyphenylsilane or poly(p-tert-butylphenylsilane) were examined for lithographic behavior. This recently developed route into substituted polysilanes has allowed for the rational design of a variety of polysilanes with atypical chemical properties such as alcohol and aqueous base solubility. Many of the polysilane resists made could be developed in aqueous sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate solutions. These materials represent environmentally friendly polysilane resists in both their synthesis and processing.
One Time Programs with Limited Memory. (2015)

Abstract. We reinvestigate a notion of one-time programs introduced in the CRYPTO 2008 paper by Goldwasser et al. A one-time program is a device containing a program C, with the property that the program C can be executed on at most one input. Goldwasser et al. show how to implement one-time programs on devices equipped with special hardware gadgets called one-time memory tokens. We provide an alternative construction that does not rely on the hard-ware gadgets. Instead, it is based on the following assumptions: (1) the total amount of data that can leak from the device is bounded, and (2) the total memory on the device (available both to the honest user and to the attacker) is also restricted, which is essentially the model used recently by Dziembowski et al. (TCC 2011, CRYPTO 2011) to con-struct one-time computable pseudorandom functions and key-evolution schemes.
Lysyl 5-Hydroxylation, a Novel Histone Modification, by Jumonji Domain Containing 6 (JMJD6)* (2013)

JMJD6 is reported to hydroxylate lysyl residues of a splicing factor, U2AF65. In this study, we found that JMJD6 hydroxylates histone lysyl residues. In vitro experiments showed that JMJD6 has a binding affinity to histone proteins and hydroxylates multiple lysyl residues of histone H3 and H4 tails. Using JMJD6 knock-out mouse embryos, we revealed that JMJD6 hydroxylates lysyl residues of histones H2A/H2B and H3/H4 in vivo by amino acid composition analysis. 5-Hydroxylysine was detected at the highest level in histones purified from murine testis, which expressed JMJD6 at a significantly high level among various tissues examined, and JMJD6 overexpression increased the amount of 5-hydroxylysine in histones in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. These results indicate that histones are additional substrates of JMJD6 in vivo. Because 5-hydroxylation of lysyl residues inhibited N-acetylation and N-methylation by an acetyltransferase and a methyltransferase, respectively, in vitro, histone 5-hydroxylation may have important roles in epigenetic regulation of gene transcription or chromosomal rearrangement.
Phosphomevalonate Kinase:  Functional Investigation of the Recombinant Human Enzyme (2006)

Phosphomevalonate kinase (PMK) catalyzes a key step in isoprenoid/sterol biosynthesis, converting mevalonate 5-phosphate and ATP to mevalonate 5-diphosphate and ADP. To expedite functional and structural study of this enzyme, an expression plasmid encoding His-tagged human PMK has been constructed and recombinant enzyme isolated in an active, stable form. PMK catalyzes a reversible reaction; kinetic constants of human PMK have been determined for both forward (formation of mevalonate 5-diphosphate) and reverse (formation of mevalonate 5-phosphate) reactions. Animal and invertebrate PMKs are not orthologous to plant, fungal, or bacterial PMKs, limiting the information available from sequence alignment analysis. A homology model for the structure of human PMK has been generated. The model conforms to a nucleoside monophosphate kinase family fold. This result, together with sequence comparisons of animal and invertebrate PMKs, suggests an N-terminal basic residue rich sequence as a possible "Walker A" ATP binding motif. The functions of four basic (K17, R18, K19, K22) residues and one acidic (D23) residue in the conserved sequence have been tested by mutagenesis and characterization of isolated mutant proteins. Substrate K(m) values for K17M, R18Q, K19M, and D23N have been measured for forward and reverse reactions; in comparison with wild-type PMK values, only modest (<12-fold) changes are observed. In contrast, R18Q exhibits a V(max) decrease of 100/300-fold (forward/reverse reaction). K22M activity is too low for measurement at nonsaturating substrate concentration; specific activity is decreased by >10000-fold in both forward/reverse reactions, suggesting an active site location and an important role in phosphoryl transfer.
High performance 50 nm CMOS devices for microprocessor and embedded processor core applications (2002)

50 nm CMOS transistors for high performance and low active power applications are presented. Good short-channel effect control is achieved down to 35 nm gate length. These transistors will be incorporated in a leading edge 100 nm technology, with optimized triple well, nitrided oxide gate dielectrics, 193-nm lithography, 9-level hierarchical Cu interconnects, and low-k dielectrics. These high performance transistors have the best current drive at a given leakage current reported in the literature.
Homogeneous, liposome-based assay for total complement activity in serum. (1986)

This is a rapid, homogeneous, liposome-based assay for total complement activity in human serum. Liposome-encapsulated enzyme is unmasked by the action of complement on liposomes carrying surface-bound immune complexes. The amount of unmasked enzyme, proportional to the concentration of added complement, is quantified by measuring the absorbance of enzymically produced product at 410 nm. Complement activity in serum samples is extrapolated from a standard curve generated from dilutions of a guinea pig serum containing a known activity of complement. Interassay CVs were less than 7.0% and intra-assay CVs less than 2.8% for serum pools with complement activities spanning the normal range. Test results correlate as well with those of the hemolytic complement test (r = 0.80) as the latter correlates with itself (r = 0.82), and also correlate reasonably with measurements of complement components C3 (r = 0.62) and C4 (r = 0.74). Values for a normal population are reported. Advantages of this test include stability of reagents, speed, accuracy, simplicity, and avoidance of radioisotopes.
Rabi Oscillations between Ground and Rydberg States with Dipole-Dipole Atomic Interactions (2008)

We demonstrate Rabi oscillations of small numbers of 87Rb atoms between ground and Rydberg states with n< or =43. Coherent population oscillations are observed for single atoms, while the presence of two or more atoms decoheres the oscillations. We show that these observations are consistent with van der Waals interactions of Rydberg atoms.
Cyclotron resonance study of the electron and hole velocity in graphene monolayers (2007)

We report studies of cyclotron resonance in monolayer graphene. Cyclotron resonance is detected using the photoconductive response of the sample for several different Landau level occupancies. The experiments measure an electron velocity at the $K$ (Dirac) point of ${c}_{K}^{*}=1.093\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{m}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, which is substantially larger than in thicker graphitic systems. In addition we observe a significant asymmetry between the electron and hole bands, leading to a difference in the electron and hole velocities of 5% by energies of $125\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{meV}$ away from the Dirac point.
Development of a modified concrete rheometer to measure the rheological behavior of conventional and self-consolidating concretes (2010)

The modified concrete rheometer (MCR) apparatus developed in this study is based on existing concrete rheometers, the main differences being the gap size and measurement method, and thus the interpretation of the results. The gap between the inner cylinder wall and the tip of the vane was set to 6.4 times the diameter of the largest coarse aggregate in order to reduce interaction between the aggregate and the wall and the friction force from the wall. The MCR apparatus was used to measure yield torque directly at different low rotational speeds (above 0.003 rev/s). A study of the yield torque and viscosity of 37 fresh concrete mixtures was also made, with a particular focus on self-compacting concrete or self-consolidating concrete (SCC), and the results were compared with those obtained using other workability tests. The test results showed that the MCR can differentiate between conventional concrete (CC), powder-type SCC and SCC with viscosity-modifying agents (VMA). The rheological behavior of powder-type SCC was found to be influenced by the composition of Class F fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), and this type of concrete exhibited a wider range of viscosity and yield torque values. Despite the lower powder content and larger water to binder ratio (w/b), the viscosity of VMA-type SCC was shown to be slightly lower than that of powder-type SCC, and the values were clustered together within a certain range; thus, the workability of SCC containing VMA is more easily controlled. In addition, the MCR apparatus can also be applied to CC of differing viscosity and yield torque, thus making this apparatus suitable for determination of the workability of all kinds of fresh concrete.
A Family of Interleaved DC–DC Converters DeducedFrom a Basic Cell With Winding-Cross-CoupledInductors (WCCIs) for High Step-Upor Step-Down Conversions (2008)

A basic cell with winding-cross-coupled inductors (WCCIs) and interleaved structure is proposed in this paper. A family of DC-DC converters is deduced from the proposed basic cell, which is suitable for high step-up or step-down conversions. The passive-lossless clamp scheme is derived from the active clamp scheme to recycle the leakage energy and to suppress the voltage spikes caused by the leakage inductance. The advantages of the derived interleaved boost converter with WCCIs and passive-lossless clamp circuits are analyzed as an example. The voltage gain is extended and the switch voltage stress is reduced to minimize the conduction losses. The rectifier reverse-recovery problem is alleviated by the leakage inductance. Furthermore, a series of DC-DC converters with WCCIs and passive-lossless clamp circuits are summarized for high efficiency, high power and high step-up or step-down applications. A clear picture is made in this paper on the general law and structure of the WCCIs for DC-DC conversion in high step-up or step-down applications. At last, the simulated and experimental results of a 1 kW 40 V-to-380 V prototype with WCCIs and passive-lossless clamp circuits verify the significant improvements in performance.
TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS (2015)

Objectives: To determine the frequency of camel milk users as a dietary adjuncttherapy in Diabetes Type 2. Study Design. A cross sectional questionnaire based survey. Period:May to August 2013. Setting: Liaquat National Hospital & Jinnah Medical College Hospital)and one public sector hospital (Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre) in Karachi. Methods:Minimum sample size using 11.1% prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus, confidence interval of95% and 5% margin of error and finite population correction for large population was calculatedto be 152. Using purposive sampling, type II diabetes patients (taking oral hypoglycemicmedication or insulin to control serum blood glucose) visiting outpatient departments fordiabetes management at two private and one public sector hospital in Karachi, were requestedto participate. After obtaining informed consent, a structured pre-coded questionnaire was filledby trained interviewer. Two laboratory assessed fasting blood (FBG) readings from previousthree months were also recorded from their files. Those who affirmed the use of camel milk wereasked further questions on reasons and consumption pattern. All responses were entered intoSPSS version 17.0 and descriptive frequencies and statistics were obtained for camel milk usersand non-users. Results: 300 patients consented to participate and filled the questionnaire. 36forms did not have two FBG lab reports from previous three months and were excluded. Inthe remaining sample size of n = 264, camel milk use frequency was 35.98% (n=95). In thepreceding three months, the median FBG of users was 121.0 mg/dl as compared to medianFBS of non-users (64.01%;n = 169) of 202.06 mg/dl. 90.5% (n=86) of all users considered oralmedications as main modality for control and only 15.8% of these patients attributed bloodglucose control solely to use of camel milk. Camel milk users were found to use more of homeremedies (13.7%, n = 13), homeopathic medicine (15.8%, n = 15) and exercise (45.3%, n=43)as adjunct modalities to control their blood glucose as compared to 6.5%, 8.9% and 31.4%of non-users. 71.6% (n= 121) of non- users used dietary modification to manage diabetesas compared to 47.4% (n = 45) users. 71% (n = 121) non-users were regularly measuringtheir blood glucose levels as compared to 56.8% (n=54) users of camel milk. Conclusions:Diabetics drinking camel milk showed a marked decrease in mean Fasting Blood Sugar valuesas compared to non-users. More experimental studies should be conducted on a larger scaleand on different regions so as to ascertain the biological plausibility.
Development of Free Vortex Wake Method for Aerodynamic Loads on Rotor Blades (2014)

The aerodynamics of a wind turbine is governed by the flow\naround the rotor, where the prediction of air loads on rotor\nblades in different operational conditions and its relation to rotor structural dynamics is crucial for design purposes. One of the most important challenges in wind turbine aerodynamics is therefore to accurately predict the forces on the blade, where the blade and wake are modeled by different approaches such as the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory, the vortex method and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).\nA free vortex wake method, based on the potential, inviscid\nand irrotational flow, is developed to study the aerodynamic\nloads. The results are compared with the BEM method,\nthe GENUVP code and CFD.