gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential levels of synovial fluid aggrecan aggregate components in experimental osteoarthritis and joint disuse (1994)

The levels of proteoglycan aggregate components (link protein, keratan sulfate epitope, and total sulfated glycosaminoglycan) were determined in the synovial fluid lavages of dogs with experimental osteoarthritis or disuse atrophy. A model of experimental osteoarthritis was created by transection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee; studies were carried out 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. Joint disuse was studied at 4 and 8 weeks after initiation of the disuse. Recovery after disuse also was studied in joints that had 3 weeks of remobilization after 4 or 8 weeks of disuse. Synovial fluid lavages from the right knee joints of untreated animals were used as controls. The concentrations of keratan sulfate epitope, sulfated glycosaminoglycan, and link protein in the synovial fluid lavages at 6 and 12 weeks after transection of the anterior cruciate were elevated compared with the control values. Similar analysis of the fluid after disuse showed that the levels of keratan sulfate epitope and sulfated glycosaminoglycan were increased compared with the control levels and the levels after transection. However, the concentration of link protein in the fluid after disuse was not significantly different from the control level. The levels of keratan sulfate epitope and sulfated glycosaminoglycan in the synovial fluid lavages after disuse with recovery were high, but the levels of link protein remained low. The results indicate that the catabolism of proteoglycan aggregates in articular cartilage during early osteoarthritis and disuse is different. The determination of keratan sulfate epitope in synovial fluid lavages appears to provide a relatively general indication of proteoglycan catabolism, whereas increased levels of link protein may be more indicative of cartilage degeneration.
Transport for Carrier Grade Internet (2009)

This paper discusses the problems of the modern Internet and prospects for its future development. The paper proposes to gradually phase off IP as the core packet networking protocol, move from fundamentally flat addressing and routing with numerous add-on improvements to recursive addressing and routing by developing Ethernet technology. The goal is to meet user network connectivity needs on top of a Carrier Grade transport network. The paper shows how the idea is being implemented in an Ethernet based Internet architecture and points out several deployment scenarios.
On minimizing flux pump heat dissipation (1968)

In an important class of flux pumps, the load current is switched back and forth between two parallel paths each cycle. It is shown that if this is done by driving a current-carrying path resistive, heat will be dissipated equal to the change in persistent current inductive energy before and after the switching process. This heat is independent of path resistance. The efficiency of pumps operated in this mode goes to zero as the pumped current approaches its maximum value. It is shown, however, that this energy dissipation can be eliminated by using electromagnetic induction to cancel the current in a branch that is to be driven resistive. In this mode of operation, the switching dissipation at low temperature can be made arbitrarily small. Comparison with published data confirms the analysis.
Genetic Alterations in Presumptive Precursor Lesions of Breast Carcinomas (2002)

The hypothetical multistep model of breast carcinogenesis suggests a transition from normal epithelium to invasive carcinoma via intraductal hyperplasia (without and with atypia) and in situ carcinoma. These presumptive precursor lesions are currently defined by their histological features, and their prognosis is imprecisely estimated from indirect epidemiological evidence. Cytogenetic and molecular‐genetic analysis of these lesions give evidence for an accumulation of various genetic alterations during breast tumorigenesis. Using immuno‐histochemistry overexpression of the c‐erbB‐2 oncogene was found in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), but not in atypical intraductal hyperplasia (AIDH) and intraductal hyperplasia (IDH). An expression of mutant p53 tumor suppressor gene as well as expression of cyclin D1 was identified in DCIS. In IDH lesions loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at various loci could be identified, and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies delivered evidence for DNA amplification on chromosomal region 20q13 in the early stage of IDH. However, little is currently known about genetic alterations in those premalignant lesions, and the chronology of genetic alterations and histopathological changes during carcinogenesis is mainly undiscovered. Figure 1 can be viewed in colour on http://www.esacp.org/acp/2002/24‐23/aubele.htm
Elusive Forms and Structures of <i>N</i>-Hydroxyphthalimide:  The Colorless and Yellow Crystal Forms of <i>N</i>-Hydroxyphthalimide (2007)

A comprehensive structural characterization of the colorless and yellow forms of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHP), the deuterated form (NDP), and the ethoxylated form (ethoxy-NHP) has been carried out using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FTIR and Raman spectroscopies, and scanning electron microscopy. Both NHP and NDP forms crystallize in the monoclinic space group (P21/c, No. 14). The various forms of NHP differ in the way in which the molecules adjoin one another through their N-hydroxyl groups and how the carbonyls of the isoindole-1,3-dione ring differ through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Although the hydrogen bonding about the b axis is virtually the same, the isoindole-1,3-dione ring experiences different twists for the two NHP forms. Both the colorless and yellow forms of NHP exhibit strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between O(3) and H(1). In the yellow form, the N-hydroxyl group is significantly out of the plane (approximately 1.19 degrees ), but the N-hydroxyl group in the colorless form is only approximately 0.06 degrees out of the plane. Both forms of NHP reveal an infinite chain of intermolecular hydrogen-bonded molecules in the direction of the b axis; however, the molecules are ordered differently within the unit cells. The hydrogen-bond geometry for the yellow form of NHP is O(2)-H(1)...O(3), with an angle of 185 degrees , intermolecular distances of O(2)...O(3) = 2.68 A and H(1)...O(3) = 1.70 A, and an intramolecular hydrogen bond of O(1)...H(1) = 1.17 A. The colorless form of NHP shows an intermolecular hydrogen-bond geometry between O(3) and H(1) with a distance of 1.78 A; the O(2)-O(3) distance is 2.71 A. The O(2)-H(1)...O(3) angle is 159 degrees, and the intramolecular distance is O(1)...H(1) = 0.97 A. The N-ethoxy derivative of NHP crystallizes in an orthorhombic space group (Pnma, No. 62) and exhibits no hydrogen bonding, displaying a strong head-to-tail stacking of the planar rings along the needle axis direction.
Efficacy comparison of clustering systems for limb detection (2014)

This paper presents a comparison of applying different clustering algorithms on a point cloud constructed from the depth maps captured by a RGBD camera such as Microsoft Kinect. The depth sensor is capable of returning images, where each pixel represents the distance to its corresponding point not the RGB data. This is considered as the real novelty of the RGBD camera in computer vision compared to the common video-based and stereo-based products. Depth sensors captures depth data without using markers, 2D to 3D-transition or determining feature points. The captured depth map then cluster the 3D depth points into different clusters to determine the different limbs of the human-body. The 3D points clustering is achieved by different clustering techniques. Our Experiments show good performance and results in using clustering to determine different human-body limbs.
Multiple truncated transcripts of <i>TSG101</i> in gastrointestinal cancers (1998)

The candidate tumour suppressor gene TSG101, located on chromosome 11p15, has been associated with frequent intragenic deletion in uncultured primary human breast cancers. Using paired tumour and normal tissues from surgical specimens, we performed nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing to analyse TSG101 exons 1-6 from 32 gastric, 30 colorectal and 16 oesophageal cancers. Truncated transcripts, were found in both tumour and normal tissues from the stomach (15.6 and 12.5%), colon (13.3 and 3.3%) and oesophagus (25 and 25%). Multiple truncated transcripts in individual specimens were also observed. Two types of splicing patterns, one with three to six bases homology at the deletion junction (25.9%), the other with donor site 5' GT and acceptor site 3' AG (55.6%), were the most common patterns. We conclude that in gastrointestinal cancers, truncated transcripts of TSG101 gene occur not uncommonly and do so with a specific splicing pattern.
Synthesen von Imidazopyridinen, II<sup>1)</sup> (1955)

Abstract Man kann α‐Amino‐pyridin mit Benzylhalogeniden über nur eine Zwischenstufe in Imidazopyridine überführen.
New Genomic Structure for Prostate Cancer Specific Gene PCA3 within BMCC1: Implications for Prostate Cancer Detection and Progression (2009)

Upregulation of two new PCA3 isoforms in PCa tissues improves discrimination between PCa and BPH. The functional relevance of this specificity is now of particular interest given PCA3's overlapping association with a second gene BMCC1, a regulator of Rho signalling. Upregulation of PCA3 and BMCC1 in PCa has potential for improved diagnosis.
Topography evolution mechanism on fused silica during low-energy ion beam sputtering (2011)

In this study, the topography evolution of fused silica surfaces during low-energy ion beam erosion has been investigated depending on the ion incidence angle and with focus on the importance of the initial surface topography. Ripple prepattern, also prepared by ion beam erosion, that exhibits an anisotropic surface with adjustable surface amplitudes and gradients was utilized. Based on experimental results that confirm smoothing and patterning behavior, gradient-dependent sputtering is identified being the dominant topography evolution mechanism.
Nitrosyl-Cobinamide, a New and Direct Nitric Oxide–Releasing Drug Effective <i>In Vivo</i> (2007)

A limited number of nitric oxide (NO)-generating drugs are available for clinical use for acute and chronic conditions. Most of these agents are organic nitrates, which do not directly release NO; tolerance to the drugs develops, in part, as a consequence of their conversion to NO. We synthesized nitrosyl-cobinamide (NO-Cbi) from cobinamide, a structural analog of cobalamin (vitamin B12). NO-Cbi is a direct NO-releasing agent that we found was stable in water, but under physiologic conditions, it released NO with a half-life of 30 mins to 1 h. We show in five different biological systems that NO-Cbi is an effective NO-releasing drug. First, in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells, NO-Cbi induced phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, a downstream target of cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Second, in isolated Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian tubules, NO-Cbi-stimulated fluid secretion was similar to that stimulated by Deta-NONOate and a cGMP analog. Third, in isolated mouse hearts, NO-Cbi increased coronary flow much more potently than nitroglycerin. Fourth, in contracted mouse aortic rings, NO-Cbi induced relaxation, albeit to a lesser extent than sodium nitroprusside. Fifth, in intact mice, a single NO-Cbi injection rapidly reduced blood pressure, and blood pressure returned to normal after 45 mins; repeated NO-Cbi injections induced the expected fall in blood pressure. These studies indicate that NO-Cbi is a useful NO donor that can be used experimentally in the laboratory; moreover, it could be developed into a vasodilating drug for treating hypertension and potentially other diseases such as angina and congestive heart failure.
Spectral Analysis of Randomly Sampled Signals (1975)

Various approaches to the problem of generating spectral estimates from randomly sampled signals are discussed. A practically useful technique is developed and demonstrated by applying it to simulated data. The variability of the alias-free spectral estimates so obtained is shown to conform to theoretical predictions.
The Amino Acid Sequence 442GDASE446 in Na/K-ATPase Is an Important Motif in Forming the High and Low Affinity ATP Binding Pockets (2003)

A highly conserved amino acid sequence 442GDASE446 in the ATP binding pocket of rat Na/K-ATPase was mutated, and the resulting proteins, G442A, G442P, D443A, S445A, and E446A, were expressed in HeLa cells to investigate the effect of individual ligands on Na/K-ATPase. The apparent Km for the high and low affinity ATP effects was estimated by ATP concentration dependence for the formation of the Na-dependent phosphoenzyme (Kmh) and Na/K-ATPase activity (Kml). The apparent Km for p-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) for K-dependent-pNPPase (KmP) and its inhibition by ATP (Ki,0.5) and the apparent Km for Mg2+, Na+, K+, and vanadate in Na/K-ATPase were also estimated. For all the mutants, the value for ATP was approximately 2-10-fold larger than that of the wild type. While the turnover number for Na/K-ATPase activity were unaffected or reduced by 20 approximately 50% in mutants G442(A/P) and D443A. Although both affinities for ATP effects were reduced as a result of the mutations, the ratio, Kml Kmh, for each mutant was 1.3 approximately 3.7, indicating that these mutations had a greater impact on the low affinity ATP effect than on the high affinity effect. Each KmP value with the turnover number suggests that these mutations favor the binding of pNPP over that of ATP. These data and others indicate that the sequence 442GDASE446 in the ATP binding pocket is an important motif that it is involved in both the high and low affinity ATP effects rather than in free Mg2+, Na+, and K+ effects.
Novelty-Induced Hypophagia (2007)

The inhibition of feeding produced by novelty, termed “hyponeophagia,” provides a measure of anxiety-related behavior in rodents that is sensitive to the effects of multiple classes of anxiolytic and anxiogenic treatments and their time-course of action. This chapter provides detailed protocols for assessing hyponeophagia using the novelty-induced hypophagia (NIH) test. The NIH paradigm was developed to improve the practicality, sensitivity, and reliability of measuring hyponeophagia in laboratory mice. Historical background, as well as recommendations regarding materials, setup, experimental design, procedure, analysis, and interpretation are presented.
Low-power data-dependent transform video and still image coding (1999)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.
Service Discovery Based Blue-Green Deployment Technique in Cloud Native Environments (2018)

The paradigm of the cloud computing model brings the expectations of the services consumed from the cloud to be always on and available for global consumption around the clock. Hence, the challenge for the service providers becomes to accommodate the planned maintenance windows to keep them to a minimum duration in order to reduce the impact on the consumers of their services. In this paper, we assess the continuous delivery methodology called Blue/Green deployment which targets to enable service updates with zero maintenance windows, and thus with no disruption to the end users. To overcome current issues we proposed an optimized Blue/Green technique based on automated service discovery, dynamic routing and automated application deployment. Our experiments indicate that the service discovery based Blue/Green deployment has a better performance for service continuous delivery compared to the available technologies.
Crystallization of MgO‐Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ‐SiO <sub>2</sub> ‐ZrO <sub>2</sub> Glasses (1986)

The crystallization of MgO‐Al 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 ‐ZrO 2 glasses at 1000°C was studied. Isothermal heat treatments of a cordierite‐based glass (2MgO.2Al 2 O 3 .5SiO 2 = Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 18 ) with 7 wt% ZrO 2 produced surface crystallization of α‐cordierite and tetragonal ZrO 2 ( t ‐ZrO 2 ). These phases advanced into the glass by cocrystallization of t ‐ZrO 2 rods in an α‐cordierite matrix with a well‐defined orientation relation. The t ‐ZrO 2 rods were unstable with respect to diffusional breakup (a Rayleigh instability) and decomposed into rows of aligned ellipsoidal and spheroidal particles. The t ‐ZrO 2 was very resistant to transformation to monoclinic symmetry. With a similar glass containing 15 wt% ZrO 2 , surface crystallization of α‐cordierite and t ‐ZrO 2 was accompanied by internal crystallization of t ‐ZrO 2 dendrites. Transformation of the dendrites to mono‐clinic symmetry was observed under some conditions.
Antioxidant Properties and Associated Mechanisms of Salicylates (2011)

The pharmacological action of salicylates has been historically related to their ability to inhibit cyclooxygenases, thereby blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxane A2. On the other hand, several studies have suggested that salicylates have a multitude of cyclooxygenase-independent actions specially related with their antioxidant properties, which might contribute to the overall salutary effects of these compounds. Although salicylates are well-known antioxidants through their ability to scavenge hydroxyl radical, their antioxidant mechanisms of action have not been fully compiled and characterized. In this context, several mechanisms of action have been suggested, namely i) scavenging of hydroxyl radical and chelation of transition metals; ii) upregulation of nitric oxide; iii) increased synthesis of lipoxins; iv) inhibition of neutrophil oxidative burst; v) inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 protein kinases; and vii) inhibiton of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1. The newly discovered acetyl salicylic acid-triggered lipoxins probably play a key role in the maintenance of the oxidative stress balance. Furthermore, salicylates have shown to protect low-density lipoprotein from oxidation and elicit an inhibitory effect on the expression of lectin-like receptors on endothelial cells. This review aims to provide an overview of the various proposed antioxidant mechanisms of salicylates.
Electron-accepting molecules containing telluropyranyl groups. The effect of tellurium oxidation state on reduction potentials (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron-accepting molecules containing telluropyranyl groups. The effect of tellurium oxidation state on reduction potentialsMichael R. Detty and Bruce J. MurrayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 11, 2123–2130Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00387a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00387a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation and expression of a human ornithine decarboxylase gene. (1990)

We have isolated a human ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) gene from a leukocyte genomic DNA library in order to examine the mechanisms involved in the regulation of ODC gene expression in normal and neoplastic cell growth. Nucleotide sequence analysis shows that the human ODC gene in clone ODC709-A2 consists of 12 exons which encode a protein identical to that inferred from a human ODC cDNA sequence. The 5' end of the gene was determined by S1 nuclease and primer extension mapping. The high G + C content and small open reading frame found in exon 1 may be pertinent to translation regulation of ODC. Conserved sequences and potential promoter elements including a TATA box, a possible CCAAT element, SP1 and AP-2 transcription factor binding sites, and cAMP response elements were identified in the 5'-flanking region. Transfection of mouse LM (tk-) cells with ODC709-A2 DNA resulted in the production of human ODC mRNA approximately 2.25 kilobases in length. Evidence that the protein synthesized from the human gene is functional is provided by "rescue" transfection of a Chinese hamster ovary mutant cell line, C55.7, which is ODC-deficient. C55.7 cells transfected with ODC709-A2 DNA expressed ODC enzyme activity and proliferated without exogenous putrescine.
[The role of antitumor drugs in treating stomach cancer patients]. (1997)

The treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma is a challenge to oncologists. Within the last 6-7 years several new regimens have been introduced: EAP, FAMTX, MEP, MVP, ELF. Overall response rate of these schemes is 30-40%, a complete response seldom reaching 10%. Anticancer drugs significantly improve quality of life. Chemotherapy of advanced cancer is the method of choice. New combinations and regimens may appear promising.
Parental evaluation of a T&A follow-through program. (1975)

The follow-through clinical experience as a vehicle through which faculty and students can meet clinical educational objectives is not a new one. The essence of the experience consists of student-client interaction before, during and following an anticipated health care intervention in which the student plays an active role. The concept of follow-through clinical experiences evolved as one answer to the diminishing acute care setting client population in the face of increased enrolments in all of the health care educational facilities. Further, the structure of this type of clinical learning experience fosters the kinds of nursing behaviors associated with the baccalaureate nurse. It is within this context that the Tonsillectomy and Adnoidectomy (TA to elicit strengths and weaknesses in current course and curricular design.
 It is the purpose of this paper to present the parameters of the program, parental perceptions of the competencies of the student nurse and the implications of client evaluation of student performance for curricular development.
The Task Dependence Net in Ada software development (1992)

Recently, the author proposed two new types of basic program dependences in concurrent programs, named the synchronization dependence and the communication dependence, and a new program representation for concurrent Ada programs, named the Task Dependence Net (TDN), which extends the usual program dependence graph for sequential programs to the case of concurrent Ada programs. This article discusses some potential applications of the task dependence net in Ada software development activities including program understanding, testing, debugging, maintenance, and complexity measure/metrics.