gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clustering Algorithm for Unsupervised Monaural Musical Sound Separation Based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization (2012)

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is widely used for monaural musical sound source separation because of its efficiency and good performance. However, an additional clustering process is required because the musical sound mixture is separated into more signals than the number of musical tracks during NMF separation. In the conventional method, manual clustering or training-based clustering is performed with an additional learning process. Recently, a clustering algorithm based on the mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient (MFCC) was proposed for unsupervised clustering. However, MFCC clustering supplies limited information for clustering. In this paper, we propose various timbre features for unsupervised clustering and a clustering algorithm with these features. Simulation experiments are carried out using various musical sound mixtures. The results indicate that the proposed method improves clustering performance, as compared to conventional MFCC-based clustering.
Serum free light chain analysis (2010)

In a variety of hematologic malignancies, immunoglobulin light chains (LC) are overproduced clonally and circulate without being linked by disulphide bonds to the immunoglobulin heavy chain. The recent development of a robust assay known as κ and λ "free" LC (FLC) to quantify the levels of these unbound LC in the serum, and thereby determine their ratio, has led to an explosion of studies that demonstrate its utility in a wide range of hematologic disorders. This article summarizes laboratory testing for serum FLC, with a particular focus on clinical applications for the test.
Discovery of Canagliflozin, a Novel <i>C</i>-Glucoside with Thiophene Ring, as Sodium-Dependent Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2010)

We discovered that C-glucosides 4 bearing a heteroaromatic ring formed metabolically more stable inhibitors for sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) than the O-glucoside, 2 (T-1095). A novel thiophene derivative 4b-3 (canagliflozin) was a highly potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor and showed pronounced anti-hyperglycemic effects in high-fat diet fed KK (HF-KK) mice.
Supramolecular Catalysis of 1,4-Thiol Addition by Salophen−Uranyl Complexes (1998)

our catalysts mimic the behavior of a metalloenzyme, in that they bind 2-cyclopenten-1-one and promote reaction of the bound substrate. Release of the addition product, followed by preferential binding to another enone molecule, ensures the onset of a catalytic cycle with high turnover efficiency.
Methods (2016)

A method is a series of statements combined into one block inside a class and given a name. In the Cold War days, these were called sub-routines, and many other languages call them functions. However, the main difference between a method and a function is that a method has to be associated with a class, whereas a function does not.
The Liquid/Liquid Sedimentation Process: From Droplet Coalescence to Technologically Enhanced Water/Oil Emulsion Gravity Separators: A Review (2006)

Crude oil is nearly always produced along with water in the form of water/crude oil emulsions. Gravity settlers are the most common technology to separate these dispersions. A short description is given of the coalescence mechanism (droplet collision, film drainage, film rupture). Three micromechanical sedimentation models (Hartland, Lobo, Henschke) and one set of design rules (Polderman) are described. IFP experimental data are presented that confirm the difference between sedimentation‐based and coalescence‐based models. Technological enhancements used in order to accelerate and/or increase the separation (heating, chemical demulsifiers, mechanical barriers, electrocoalescence, ultrasound, microwaves) are presented.
The MkIII Flexible Automatic Assembly System : A Stepwise Upgradeable Solution for Multiple Products a Unpredictable Order Schemes (1995)

The MkIII Flexible Automatic Assembly System : A Stepwise Upgradeable Solution for Multiple Products & Unpredictable Order Schemes
A deep learning architecture for protein-protein Interaction Article identification (2016)

In recent past there has been phenomenal growth in biomedical literature and health care records. Robust text mining techniques are essential in order to properly organize the documents as well as to extract relevant information. Traditional techniques for document classification focus on machine learning algorithms where learning of classifier is decided on the basis of labeled data and the features that are prominent. In this paper we focus on developing an automated technique for classifying biomedical articles containing protein-protein interaction related information against the others. Our proposed approach is based on deep neural network framework. We investigate the role of convolution neural network (CNN) and propose two model variants. We evaluate the proposed approach on the benchmark datasets of BioCreative-II Interaction Article Subtask (IAS) data sets. Effectiveness of our proposed model is evident with the significant performance gains, 2.8 % in terms of F-measure and 5 % in terms of accuracy over the traditional models.
Different Susceptibility of Small and Large Human Tenascin-C Isoforms to Degradation by Matrix Metalloproteinases (1995)

Two major tenascin-C (TN-C) isoforms are generated by the alternative splicing of the pre-mRNA. The large isoform contains seven extra type three repeats that, by contrast, are omitted in the small TN-C isoform. The large TN-C isoform is mainly expressed at the onset of cellular processes that entail active cell migration, proliferation, or tissue remodeling such as occur in neoplasia, wound healing, and during development. Thus, the large TN-C isoform seems to be a specific component of the provisional extracellular matrix. Here we have studied the degradation of the large and small TN-C isoforms by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 3, 7, and 9. Among these proteolytic enzymes only MMP-7 can degrade the small TN-C isoform removing the NH2-terminal knob. The large TN-C isoform shows the same MMP-7-sensitive site adjacent to the NH2-terminal sequence, but is further degraded in the splicing area where three fibronectin-like type III repeats are completely digested. Moreover, the large TN-C isoform is degraded by MMP-2 and MMP-3 which completely digest a single type III repeat inside the splicing area. By contrast, the large TN-C isoform is resistant to MMP-9 digestion. The results show that the presence of the spliced sequence introduces new protease-sensitive sites in the large TN-C isoform.
Above- and below-band femtosecond nonlinearities in active AlGaAs waveguides (1992)

Femtosecond optical pulses were used to study the gain and refractive index dynamics in a bulk AlGaAs diode laser. Experiments were performed at wavelengths above and below the band gap of the diode-laser active region. The above-band gain dynamics exhibit an ultrafast transient that has not been seen before in AlGaAs devices. We attribute this dynamic to spectral-hole burning and a delay in carrier heating. The below-band refractive index measurements demonstrate that carrier heating by free-carrier absorption is important and that there is a delay in the onset of this heating of approximately 120 fs.
A New Ph-isfet Based Dissolved Oxygen Sensor (2005)

A new dissolved oxygen sensor based on pHASFET has been discussed. A platinum working electrode surrounding a pH-sensing gate of the pH-ISFET electrolyzes dissolved oxygen, resulting in a corresponding pH change. The pH-ISFET can determine dissolved oxygen concentration through detecting this pH change.
Metabolic reconstruction of aromatic compounds degradation from the genome of the amazing pollutant-degrading bacterium<i>Cupriavidus necator</i>JMP134 (2008)

Cupriavidus necator JMP134 is a model for chloroaromatics biodegradation, capable of mineralizing 2,4-D, halobenzoates, chlorophenols and nitrophenols, among other aromatic compounds. We performed the metabolic reconstruction of aromatics degradation, linking the catabolic abilities predicted in silico from the complete genome sequence with the range of compounds that support growth of this bacterium. Of the 140 aromatic compounds tested, 60 serve as a sole carbon and energy source for this strain, strongly correlating with those catabolic abilities predicted from genomic data. Almost all the main ring-cleavage pathways for aromatic compounds are found in C. necator: the beta-ketoadipate pathway, with its catechol, chlorocatechol, methylcatechol and protocatechuate ortho ring-cleavage branches; the (methyl)catechol meta ring-cleavage pathway; the gentisate pathway; the homogentisate pathway; the 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate pathway; the (chloro)hydroxyquinol pathway; the (amino)hydroquinone pathway; the phenylacetyl-CoA pathway; the 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA pathway; the benzoyl-CoA pathway and the 3-hydroxyanthranilate pathway. A broad spectrum of peripheral reactions channel substituted aromatics into these ring cleavage pathways. Gene redundancy seems to play a significant role in the catabolic potential of this bacterium. The literature on the biochemistry and genetics of aromatic compounds degradation is reviewed based on the genomic data. The findings on aromatic compounds biodegradation in C. necator reviewed here can easily be extrapolated to other environmentally relevant bacteria, whose genomes also possess a significant proportion of catabolic genes.
THE WISCONSIN MASTITIS TEST – AN INDIRECT ESTIMATION OF LEUCOCYTES IN MILK1 (1964)

Summary A simple, rapid screening test for mastitis in bulk samples has been described. The test is based on the observation that an increase in leucocytes is accompanied by an increase in viscosity when a detergent reagent is mixed with a milk sample. The viscosity is determined by measuring the height of a column of milk-reagent mixture remaining in a test tube after a 15-sec outflow through a cap having an orifice 1.2 mm dia. The results of this method correlate well with the square root of the leucocyte count (correlation coefficient equals 0.91).
Shoulder forearm support for the subluxed shoulder. (1985)

Subluxation of the shoulder is a common problem in patients who have had a stroke. Of the shoulder supports that are being used, many do not reduce the subluxation, and patients continue to complain of shoulder pain. The shoulder support designed for this study reduces subluxation, is custom fit, costs less, and is more comfortable than conventional slings. The sling is difficult to don but patients are able to perform self-ROM exercises without removing the sling. The sling consists of two parts: a shoulder support and forearm support. Both portions are worn when the patient is ambulating or standing. Only the shoulder support is worn when the patient is sitting with a lapboard. X-rays confirmed the reduction of subluxation, and patients reported decreased shoulder pain.
Clinical Significance of Anti-CCP Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2005)

A number of novel autoantibodies have been recently described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and their clinical significance and possible pathogenic roles have been discussed. In particular, new autoantibodies to citrullinated proteins such as filaggrin and its circular form (cyclic citrullinated peptide: CCP) are especially noteworthy because of their high sensitivity and high specificity. There are many studies that anti-CCP antibodies may serve as a powerful serologic marker for early diagnosis of RA and prognostic prediction of joint destruction. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies are locally produced in RA joints, and citrullinated proteins (most are fibrins) are localized in RA synovial tissue. This finding strongly suggests a possibility that local citrullination of intraarticular proteins might be the initial event leading to autoantibody production in RA. Genetic factors such as a gene polymorphism of the citrullinating enzyme, PADI, might be associated with the breakage of self-tolerance and induction of autoimmunity against citrullinated proteins.
Experimental evidence of pseudo-periodical solitonpropagation indispersion-managed link (1998)

The first experimental evidence of pseudo-periodical soliton propagation in a dispersion-managed link is presented. It is shown that the prechirp is a key element for the control of nonlinearity as predicted by the theory.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A NEW MYDRIATIC MYDRILATE (1962)

CYCLOPENTOLATE hydrochloride was first introduced into Great Britain under the name "Cyclogyl ", but recently a British preparation under the proprietary name "Mydrilate" (Ward, Blenkinsop and Co.) has become freely available, and after the first teething troubles has become a valuable addition to our pharmacological armamentarium. When it was first introduced there was slight difficulty in finding the correct pH, and some of the solutions provided showed instability. Now, at the pH found to be most constant, we have a solution which gives very constant dilatation of practically every type of eye, pathological and normal.
Interface circuit for capacitive microaccelerometer (2008)

This paper reports an interface circuit that provides an interface from capacitive MEMS sensors to other signal processing circuits. The interface circuit designed specially for capacitive accelerometer and gyroscopes applications is implemented in 0.35-mum 2P-4M CMOS process and measurement results that indicate the interface circuit resolves 7.3 aF of capacitance with a 1 MHz sampling rate and has a rough noise floor of 0.2 aF/Hz@1 KHz at ambient atmosphere are presented.
Use of thermal and visible imagery for estimating crop water status of irrigated grapevine (2006)

Achieving high quality wine grapes depends on the ability to maintain mild to moderate levels of water stress in the crop during the growing season. This study investigates the use of thermal imaging for monitoring water stress. Experiments were conducted on a wine-grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot) vineyard in northern Israel. Irrigation treatments included mild, moderate, and severe stress. Thermal and visible (RGB) images of the crop were taken on four days at midday with a FLIR thermal imaging system and a digital camera, respectively, both mounted on a truck-crane 15 m above the canopy. Aluminium crosses were used to match visible and thermal images in post-processing and an artificial wet surface was used to estimate the reference wet temperature (T(wet)). Monitored crop parameters included stem water potential (Psi(stem)), leaf conductance (g(L)), and leaf area index (LAI). Meteorological parameters were measured at 2 m height. CWSI was highly correlated with g(L) and moderately correlated with Psi(stem). The CWSI-g(L) relationship was very stable throughout the season, but for that of CWSI-Psi(stem) both intercept and slope varied considerably. The latter presumably reflects the non-direct nature of the physiological relationship between CWSI and Psi(stem). The highest R(2) for the CWSI to g(L) relationship, 0.91 (n=12), was obtained when CWSI was computed using temperatures from the centre of the canopy, T(wet) from the artificial wet surface, and reference dry temperature from air temperature plus 5 degrees C. Using T(wet) calculated from the inverted Penman-Monteith equation and estimated from an artificially wetted part of the canopy also yielded crop water-stress estimates highly correlated with g(L) (R(2)=0.89 and 0.82, respectively), while a crop water-stress index using 'theoretical' reference temperatures computed from climate data showed significant deviations in the late season. Parameter variability and robustness of the different CWSI estimates are discussed. Future research should aim at developing thermal imaging into an irrigation scheduling tool applicable to different crops.
Compensation-based on-line query processing (1992)

It is well known that using conventional concurrency control techniques for obtaining serializable answers to long-running queries leads to an unacceptable drop in system performance. As a result, most current DBMSs execute such queries under a reduced degree of consistency, thus providing non-serializable answers. In this paper, we present a new and highly concurrent approach for processing large decision support queries in relational databases. In this new approach, called compensation-based query processing, concurrent updates to any data participating in a query are communicated to the query's on-line query processor, which then compensates for these updates so that the final answer reflects changes caused by the updates. Very high concurrency is achieved by locking data only briefly, while still delivering transaction-consistent answers to queries.
Fast and Precise Touch-Based Text Entry for Head-Mounted Augmented Reality with Variable Occlusion (2018)

We present the VISAR keyboard: An augmented reality (AR) head-mounted display (HMD) system that supports text entry via a virtualised input surface. Users select keys on the virtual keyboard by imitating the process of single-hand typing on a physical touchscreen display. Our system uses a statistical decoder to infer users’ intended text and to provide error-tolerant predictions. There is also a high-precision fall-back mechanism to support users in indicating which keys should be unmodified by the auto-correction process. A unique advantage of leveraging the well-established touch input paradigm is that our system enables text entry with minimal visual clutter on the see-through display, thus preserving the user’s field-of-view. We iteratively designed and evaluated our system and show that the final iteration of the system supports a mean entry rate of 17.75wpm with a mean character error rate less than 1%. This performance represents a 19.6% improvement relative to the state-of-the-art baseline investigated: A gaze-then-gesture text entry technique derived from the system keyboard on the Microsoft HoloLens. Finally, we validate that the system is effective in supporting text entry in a fully mobile usage scenario likely to be encountered in industrial applications of AR HMDs.
A novel, intracellular antifreeze protein in an antarctic bacterium, Flavobacterium xanthum. (2007)

One strain of Antarctic bacteria, Flavobacterium xanthum IAM12026, has a highly active antifreeze protein (AFP) in the intracellular space. The cell-free extract from strain IAM12026 after culturing at 4 degree C for 7 days in TSB medium, had activity of 0.04 degree C at a concentration of 0.7 mg/ml. The ice crystals formed do not have distinct facets without typically rounded shape and the changes of their morphology during the course of the thermal hysteresis (TH) measurement. The ice crystal 'burst' occurring at the end-point of the TH is dendritic with hexagonal symmetry. Also, this activity was not affected by the treatment of dialysis and the addition of EDTA. Furthermore, this cell-free extract had high levels of ice recrystallization-inhibiting (RI) activity like those of Fish AFPs. The AFP (FlAFP) was homogeneity purified using chromatography. A relative molecular mass of approximately 59,000 was calculated from gel filtration and SDS-PAGE data. The thermal stability of FlAFP was below 50 degree C, and TH value was absent above 60 degree C. The TH value of FlAFP was activated at 5.2 degree C by the addition of 0.5 M malate. This activation was decreased with increasing protein concentration. To our knowledge this is the first report on the high level of TH and RI activities of bacterial intracellular AFP.
Durch Methylenblau/Licht-Behandlung virusinaktiviertes Humanplasma: Herstellung und bisherige klinische Erfahrungen (1993)

Bei der Anwendung eines neuen photodynamischen Verfahrens zur Virusinaktivierung von Frischplasma für den therapeutischen Einsatz werden einzelne Plasmaein-heiten in ihren Plastikbehältnissen in Gegenwart des Phenothiazinfarbstoffes Methylenblau mit sichtbarem Licht bestrahlt. Dabei lassen sich alle auf dem Markt erhältlichen Beutelsysteme einsetzen. Die photodynamische Behandlung beeinträchtigt die Aktivitäten von Plasmaproteinen nur wenig. Einer der sensibelsten Parameter ist die Thrombinzeit, die sich in Abhängigkeit von der Belichtungszeit und der Farbstoffkonzentration verlängert: unter den gewählten Bedingungen (1 h Belichtungszeit bei etwa 50000 lx, 1 μ<i>M </i>Methylenblau) um ungefähr 25%. Eine Anwendungsbeobachtungs-Studie zeigte, daβ photodynamisch behandeltes Plasma ebensogut vertragen wird wie konventionelles gefrorenes Frischplasma. Zwischen Februar und Ende Juli 1992 wurden etwa 31000 Einheiten des virusinaktivierten Präparates an niedersächsische Kliniken ausgeliefert.
Peripherie: Abschnitte 4.7–4.11 (2000)

Projektierungsdaten Aufgabenstellung der Filtration Suspension Verfahrensdaten Geeignete Werkstoffe Betriebserfahrungen Filtrationsversuche Temperatur-Einsatzbereiche von Werkstoffen Testmethoden für Filtermedien und Filtrat Testmethoden für Filtermedien Testmethoden für Filtrat Testmaterialien Umrechnungsfaktoren Versuche und Scale up Einleitung Durchführung der Versuche in der Praxis Druckfiltration Versuchsdurchführung Auswertung der Ergebnisse Pilotversuche Vakuumfiltration Versuchsanordnung Kuchenwäsche Entfeuchtung des Filterkuchens Pilotversuche Filterdimensionierung
Enhancement of vaccine potency by fusing modified LTK63 into human papillomavirus type 16 chimeric virus-like particles (2007)

To enhance the immunogenicity of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) virus-like particles (VLPs), the modified adjuvant, mLTK63, was fused to the C-terminus of HPV 16 L2 protein. Coexpression of HPV 16 L1 and L2-mLTK63 proteins in insect cells led to the efficient assembly of HPV 16 L1/L2-mLTK63 chimeric VLPs (cVLPs), which combined the antigen and adjuvant as a unit. Compared with HPV 16 L1/L2 VLPs, the HPV 16 L1/L2-mLTK63 cVLPs had similar structural biology characteristics and binding activities with the cell surface receptors and HPV 16-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Intramuscular immunization of BALB/c mice with the HPV 16 L1/L2-mLTK63 cVLPs could induce higher titers of HPV 16-specific long-lasting neutralizing serum antibodies and stronger splenocyte proliferation, Th1- and Th2-type cytokines and CD4(+) Th responses than HPV 16 L1/L2 VLPs. The results suggested that it is possible to enhance the immunogenicity of HPV VLP vaccines via a strategy of fusing effective adjuvant protein into cVLPs.
Down-Regulation of Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis by a T Cell Hybridoma (1988)

T cell hybridoma cell lines were generated by somatic cell fusion of BW 5147 myeloma cells and splenic cells from mice suppressed for collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Two cell lines were characterized for their cell surface phenotype, antigen recognition and capacity to down-regulate the erythema and edema associated with CIA. Cell line T101N was determined to portray the cell surface phenotype Ly1+2- L3T4- Thy1+ by a direct binding assay. Cell line T104B1 was determined to express only the Thy1+ alloantigen. Panning studies, measurement of IL-2 production in vitro and the suppression of antibodies to type I and type II collagen in vivo indicate that the hybridoma cells are not isotype specific in their recognition of the polymorphic interstitial collagens. Down-regulation of the erythema and edema of CIA occurred on injection of 1 X 10(5) T101N cells but not T104B1 cells. Histology of the tarsus region of the hind paw of CIA mice 33 days after the administration of T101N cells showed contrasting histopathology compared to that of CIA mice. The joints of CIA mice given T101N cells showed aligned articular surfaces resembling normal joint structure and only residual pannus. The data indicate that collagen-specific cloned T cell lines can modulate the gross pathology and joint architecture of joints exhibiting CIA.