gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced ras oncogene mediated cell transformation and tumorigenesis by adenovirus 2 mutants lacking the C-terminal region of E1a protein. (1989)

Mutants of adenovirus 2 E1a defective in coding for the C-terminal 61 or 67 amino acids of a 243 amino acid (243R) protein are defective in immortalization of primary baby rat kidney (BRK) cells. However, they cooperate with T24 ras in oncogenic transformation more efficiently than wt. BRK cells transformed by the E1a C-terminal mutants and T24 ras induce rapidly growing tumors in syngeneic rats and athymic mice whereas cells transformed by the wt 243R and ras oncogene are not tumorigenic in syngeneic rats and can only induce slowly growing tumors in athymic mice. Cells transformed by the E1a mutants and ras oncogene also induce rapid metastatic tumors whereas cells transformed by the wt 243R and T24 ras can not do so. The increased tumorigenic ability exhibited by the 243R mutants does not appear to be due to differential levels of expression of p21 ras. Our results suggest that the C-terminal region of the 243R protein may have a novel function in suppression of cell transformation, tumorigenesis and tumor progression.
Computationally Fast Approaches to Genome-Wide Association Studies (2014)

This thesis focuses on the computational aspects of GWAS. We wish to show that large computing resources are not necessarily required in implementing genome-wide analyses. 
In addition, one should keep in mind that a statistical analysis is usually conducted multiple times by a researcher before the final result is obtained.
Volatile isoprenoids that control insect behaviour and development (1999)

A. J. Hick, M. C. Luszniak and J. A. Pickett, Nat. Prod. Rep., 1999, 16, 39 DOI: 10.1039/A705984A
Cell-Mediated Immunity to Predict Cytomegalovirus Disease in High-Risk Solid Organ Transplant Recipients (2009)

Late-onset cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease commonly occurs after discontinuation of antiviral prophylaxis. We determined the utility of testing CD8+ T-cell response against CMV as a predictor of late-onset CMV disease after a standard course of antiviral prophylaxis. Transplant patients at high-risk for CMV disease were enrolled. CD8+ T-cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was tested using the QuantiFERON-CMV assay at baseline, 1, 2 and 3 months posttransplant by measurement of interferon-gamma response to whole blood stimulation with a 21-peptide pool. The primary outcome was the ability of CMI testing to predict CMV disease in the first 6 months posttransplant. There were 108 evaluable patients (D+/R+ n = 39; D-/R+ n = 34; D+/R- n = 35) of whom 18 (16.7%) developed symptomatic CMV disease. At the end of prophylaxis, CMI was detectable in 38/108 (35.2%) patients (cutoff 0.1 IU/mL interferon-gamma). CMV disease occurred in 2/38 (5.3%) patients with a detectable interferon-gamma response versus 16/70 (22.9%) patients with a negative response; p = 0.038. In the subgroup of D+/R- patients, CMV disease occurred in 1/10 (10.0%) patients with a detectable interferon-gamma response (cutoff 0.1 IU/mL) versus 10/25 (40.0%) patients with a negative CMI, p = 0.12. Monitoring of CMI may be useful for predicting late-onset CMV disease.
Stimulated Brillouin Review: Invented 50 Years Ago and Applied Today (2018)

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is embedded today in a variety of optical systems, such as advanced high-power lasers, sensors, microwave signal processors, scientific instrumentation, and optomechanical systems. Reduction in SBS power requirements involves use of optical fibers, integrated optics, micro-optic devices, and now nano-optics, often in high Q cavities. It has taken fifty years from its earliest invention by conceptual discovery until today for SBS to become a practical and useful technology in a variety of applications. Some of these applications are explained and it is shown how they are tied to particular attributes of SBS: phase conjugation, frequency shifts, low noise, narrow linewidth, frequency combs, optical and microwave signal processing, etc.
Local phrase reordering models for statistical machine translation (2005)

We describe stochastic models of local phrase movement that can be incorporated into a Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) system. These models provide properly formulated, non-deficient, probability distributions over reordered phrase sequences. They are implemented by Weighted Finite State Transducers. We describe EM-style parameter re-estimation procedures based on phrase alignment under the complete translation model incorporating reordering. Our experiments show that the reordering model yields substantial improvements in translation performance on Arabic-to-English and Chinese-to-English MT tasks. We also show that the procedure scales as the bitext size is increased.
Preliminary field demonstration of a fiber-optic TCE sensor. [Trichloroethylene (TCE)] (1991)

We have developed a differential-absorption fiber-optic sensor for use in groundwater and vadose zone monitoring of certain volatile organochlorines. The principle of detection is a quantitative, irreversible chemical reaction that forms visible light-absorbing products. The sensor has been evaluated against gas chromatographic (GC) standard measurements and has demonstrated accuracy and sensitivity sufficient for the environmental monitoring of trace levels of trichloroethylene (TCE) and chloroform. This sensor is currently under evaluation in monitoring well and vadose zone applications. In this paper, we describe the principles of the existing single measurement sensor technology and show preliminary field-test results. 3 refs., 8 figs.
Effect of cigarette smoke on fibroblast-mediated gel contraction is dependent on cell density (2003)

Cigarette smoke exposure has been associated with a variety of diseases, including emphysema. The current study evaluated the interaction of cell density and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on fibroblast contraction of collagen gels. Protein levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, fibronectin, PGE(2), and TGF-beta1 mRNA were quantified. Although both 5 and 10% CSE inhibited contraction by low-density fibroblasts (1 x 10(5) cell/ml), only 5% CSE augmented contraction in higher-density cultures (3-5 x 10(5) cells/ml). CSE also inhibited fibronectin and TGF-beta1 production in low-density cultures but stimulated fibronectin production in high-density cultures. Active TGF-beta1 was readily detectable only in higher-density cultures and was markedly augmented by 5% CSE. In contrast, although TGF-beta1 mRNA expression was inhibited in high-density cultures by 10% CSE, expression was increased in the presence of 5% CSE. These results suggest that CSE-induced inhibition of low-density fibroblast contraction is due to inhibition of fibronectin production, whereas CSE's stimulatory effect on high-density cells is the result of increased release of TGF-beta1. These effects may help explain the varied pathologies associated with exposure to cigarette smoke.
Failure Analysis Procedures (2001)

Abstract This article describes the failure analysis procedures for composites and the techniques to be used in these analyses. These procedures include a review of the available in-service records, materials and processing methods, print requirements, and manufacturing records; visual analysis and nondestructive part evaluation; and verification of materials and processing methods. The article discusses the determination of fiber, matrix, and void volume fractions and verification of ply lay-up and orientation. A review of composites processing parameters; fractography and surface analysis; and mechanical testing and stress analysis is also presented.
Synthetic Peptides and Purified Antigens as Vaccines (1994)

Molecular biology and, in particular, knowledge of the immune response at the molecular level provide the research community with the opportunity to design vaccines that will elicit the appropriate responses for many diseases. The critical issue is to identify the immune response that correlates with protection. It is remarkable how well the empirical approach has worked; it is essential, therefore, not to ignore the lessons to be learned from these successes. It is particularly essential that each disease and the immune response that affords protection be studied individually so that the appropriate responses can be induced.
Preclinical Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of an Oral Amide Prodrug of Gemcitabine Designed to Deliver Prolonged Systemic Exposure (2013)

Gemcitabine is an intravenously administered nucleoside analog chemotherapeutic agent. The ability to deliver this agent as an oral drug would allow greater flexibility of administration and patient convenience; however, attempts have been fraught with high first-pass metabolism and potential intestinal toxicity. Alternatively, an amide prodrug of gemcitabine (LY2334737) was discovered, which is able to avoid the extensive first-pass metabolism that occurs following administration of gemcitabine. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the hydrolysis and pharmacokinetics of LY2334737 and its downstream metabolites. In mice, rats, and dogs, the prodrug is absorbed largely intact across the intestinal epithelium and delivers LY2334737 to systemic circulation. The hydrolysis of LY2334737 is relatively slow, resulting in sustained release of gemcitabine in vivo. In vitro experiments identified carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) as a major enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of LY2334737, but with relatively low intrinsic clearance. Following hydrolysis of the prodrug, gemcitabine is cleared predominantly via the formation of its inactive metabolite dFdU. Both biliary and renal excretion was responsible for the elimination of LY2334737 and its metabolites in both mice and dogs.
Mediators in cell growth and differentiation. (1984)

This book contains papers divided among seven sections. The section headings are: Cell Cycle and Control of Cell Growth, Growth Factors for Nonlymphoid Cells, Colony-Stimulating Factors, Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis, Lymphoid Growth Factors, Growth Factors in Neoplasia, Interferon, and Differentiation in Normal and Neoplastic Cells.
A Survey on Non-orthogonal Multiple Access Schemes (2014)

In this paper, we make a survey on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes, which could be a promising candidate as a downlink wireless access scheme for future 5G radio access technology. To enhance the spectrum efficiency, NOMA adopts a successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver as the baseline receiver scheme for robust multiple access. In order to get a better tradeoff between the system spectrum efficiency measured by the total user throughput and the user fairness measured by cell-edge user throughput, fractional frequency (FFR) and resource management schemes have been applied to NOMA with SIC. Furthermore, multi-antenna/site technologies with a proposed NOMA/MIMO scheme using SIC and an interference rejection combing (IRC) receiver to get a further user capacity is discussed in some related papers. Finally, it is shown that even in relay channel, NOMA is still effective for system throughput enhancement.
Effect of Precursor Entrance Sequence during Atomic Layer Deposition on the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Ge Interface by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2013)

The effect of precursor entrance sequence during atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the chemical and electronic characteristics of Al 2 O 3 /Ge interface is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurement. The trimethyla-luminium (TMA) or H 2 O precursor is first introduced into the chamber to grow Al 2 O 3 dielectric on cleaned Ge. An abrupt Al 2 O 3 /Ge interface without interlayer is obtained for both cases. The valence band offset (VBO) at the Al 2 O 3 /Ge interface becomes smaller when the TMA precursor is first introduced. It is due to the lower CNL of gap states at Al 2 O 3 /Ge interface which is induced by the TMA treatment of Ge surface. Comparable gap state density at Al 2 O 3 /Ge interface are observed by C-V, indicating that the density states of gap states is not affected by the precursor pulse sequence. As a result, the precursor pulse sequence affects the CNL of gap states but not their density.
Cobalt-Free Nickel-Base Wrought Superalloys (1980)

A study has been made of the infLuenee of C, Cr, Co, MO, W, Ta, AZ, Mn, Si and Y on the high temperature oxidation resistance of a group of experimental nickel-base superaZloys. Oxidatiori. was performed in fZowing air at 1095 C (2000 F) with intermittent cycling to room temperature. Ai: additions increased resistance to oxide spaZling, and Y additions Limited both tota: mass gain and oxide spai!Ling. MO and W additions improved resistance to both mass gain and oxide spalling. Synergism between Si and each of the elements Ta, Y and AL promoted oxide spaZZing. Co was not essential for adequate oxidation resistance. Stress rupture properties similar to those of cobalt-base Haynes Alloy 188 and of Ineonel! 617 (12.5% Ccl) at 870 C (1600 F) and 1095 C (2000 F) were achieved with a cobalt-free alloy.
Incidence and Predictors of Seizures in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (2006)

Seizure incidence is increased in people starting with mild-to-moderate AD. Younger individuals, African Americans, and those with more-severe disease or focal epileptiform findings on EEG were more likely to have unprovoked seizures.
Evaluation of Injectable Cementitious Grouts for Repair and Retrofit of Masonry (1993)

Injection of grout into cracks may be used as a form of repair following a damaging event or as a means to strengthen multi-wythe masonry, enhancing composite action between the wythes. An experimental program has been conducted to evaluate grouting procedures, the suitability of different types of cementitious grouts for injection, and the effect of grout injection on structural behavior. Over 30 separate mixes utilizing various cementitious components, aggregates, admixtures and different water/cement ratios have been evaluated. A standardized series of evaluation tests have been used to compare injectability, mix stability, and grout properties for each of the mixes. These grouts possess properties similar to the masonry being repaired, and would be available for widespread use as a material for masonry repair. An additional contribution of this research has been the application of nondestructive techniques as a means of measuring quality of the injection process.
Pose-Oblivious Shape Signature (2007)

A 3D shape signature is a compact representation for some essence of a shape. Shape signatures are commonly utilized as a fast indexing mechanism for shape retrieval. Effective shape signatures capture some global geometric properties which are scale, translation, and rotation invariant. In this paper, we introduce an effective shape signature which is also pose-oblivious. This means that the signature is also insensitive to transformations which change the pose of a 3D shape such as skeletal articulations. Although some topology-based matching methods can be considered pose-oblivious as well, our new signature retains the simplicity and speed of signature indexing. Moreover, contrary to topology-based methods, the new signature is also insensitive to the topology change of the shape, allowing us to match similar shapes with different genus. Our shape signature is a 2D histogram which is a combination of the distribution of two scalar functions defined on the boundary surface of the 3D shape. The first is a definition of a novel function called the local-diameter function. This function measures the diameter of the 3D shape in the neighborhood of each vertex. The histogram of this function is an informative measure of the shape which is insensitive to pose changes. The second is the centricity function that measures the average geodesic distance from one vertex to all other vertices on the mesh. We evaluate and compare a number of methods for measuring the similarity between two signatures, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our pose-oblivious shape signature within a 3D search engine application for different databases containing hundreds of models.
Preparation of <sup>35</sup>S‐labelled l‐methionine and l‐cystine by biosynthesis (1978)

Abstract The modified method for biosynthesis of L‐methionine‐ 35 S and L‐cystine‐ 35 S from baker's yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) is described. The yeast was cultivated in a sulphur‐deplated medium containing carrier‐free Na 2 35 SO 4 , under air bubbling during 24 hours. Yeast proteins were hydrolyzed enzymatically into free amino acids, and L‐methionine‐ 35 S and L‐cystine‐ 35 S were isolated by ion‐exchange chromatography on a column. Radioactive yields for L‐methionine‐ 35 S and L‐cystine‐ 35 S were 30% and 10%, respectively. The obtained products have high specific activity, 1–10 Ci/mmol, and radiochemical purity better than 95%.
Possible Interactions between the NS-1 Protein and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Pathways in Erythroid Cell Apoptosis Induced by Human Parvovirus B19 (1999)

Human erythroid progenitor cells are the main target cells of the human parvovirus B19 (B19), and B19 infection induces a transient erythroid aplastic crisis. Several authors have reported that the nonstructural protein 1 (NS-1) encoded by this virus has a cytotoxic effect, but the underlying mechanism of NS-1-induced primary erythroid cell death is still not clear. In human erythroid progenitor cells, we investigated the molecular mechanisms leading to apoptosis after natural infection of these cells by the B19 virus. The cytotoxicity of NS-1 was concomitantly evaluated in transfected erythroid cells. B19 infection and NS-1 expression induced DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis, and the commitment of erythroid cells to undergo apoptosis was combined with their accumulation in the G(2) phase of the cell cycle. Since B19- and NS-1-induced apoptosis was inhibited by caspase 3, 6, and 8 inhibitors, and substantial caspase 3, 6, and 8 activities were induced by NS-1 expression, there may have been interactions between NS-1 and the apoptotic pathways of the death receptors tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and Fas. Our results suggest that Fas-FasL interaction was not involved in NS-1- or B19-induced apoptosis in erythroid cells. In contrast, these cells were sensitized to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the ceramide level was enhanced by B19 infection and NS-1 expression. Therefore, our results suggest that there may be a connection between the respective apoptotic pathways activated by TNF-alpha and NS-1 in human erythroid cells.
CUSTOMIZING THE COMPOSITION OF WEB SERVICES AND BEYOND (2012)

Web services provide a standardized means of publishing diverse, distributed applications. Increasingly, corporations are providing services or programs within and between organizations either on corporate intranets or on the cloud. Many of these services can be composed together, ideally automatically, to provide value-added service. Automated Web service composition is an example of such automation where given a specification of an objective to be realized and some knowledge of the state of the world, the problem is to automatically select, integrate, and invoke multiple services to achieve the specified objective. A popular approach to the Web service composition problem is to conceive it as an Artificial Intelligence planning task. This enables us to bring to bear many of the theoretical and computational advances in reasoning about actions to the task of Web service composition. However, Web service composition goes far beyond the reaches of classical planning, presenting a number of interesting challenges relevant to a large body of problems related to the composition of actions, programs, and services. Among these, an important challenge is generating not only a composition, but a high-quality composition tailored to user preferences. In this thesis, we present an approach to the Web service composition problem with a particular focus on the customization of compositions. We claim that there is a correspondence between generating a customized composition of Web services and non-classical Artificial Intelligence planning where the objective of the planning problem is specified as a form of control knowledge, such as a workflow or template, together with a set of constraints to be optimized or enforced. We further claim that techniques in (preference-based) planning can provide a computational basis for the development of effective, state-of-the-art techniques for generating customized compositions of Web services. To evaluate our claim, we characterize the Web service composition problem with customization as a non-classical planning problem, exploit and advance preference specification languages and preference-based planning, develop algorithms tailored to the Web service composition problem, prove formal properties of these algorithms, implement proof-of-concept systems, and evaluate these systems experimentally. While our research has been motivated by Web services, the theory and techniques we have developed are amenable to analogous problems in such diverse sectors as multi-agent systems, business process modeling, component software composition, and social and computational behaviour modeling and verification.
Exploiting Web querying for Web people search (2012)

Searching for people on the Web is one of the most common query types submitted to Web search engines today. However, when a person name is queried, the returned Webpages often contain documents related to several distinct namesakes who have the queried name. The task of disambiguating and finding the Webpages related to the specific person of interest is left to the user. Many Web People Search (WePS) approaches have been developed recently that attempt to automate this disambiguation process. Nevertheless, the disambiguation quality of these techniques leaves major room for improvement. In this article, we present a new WePS approach. It is based on issuing additional auxiliary queries to the Web to gain additional knowledge about the Webpages that need to be disambiguated. Thus, the approach uses the Web as an external data source by issuing queries to collect co-occurrence statistics. These statistics are used to assess the overlap of the contextual entities extracted from the Webpages. The article also proposes a methodology to make this Web querying technique efficient. Further, the article proposes an approach that is capable of combining various types of disambiguating information, including other common types of similarities, by applying a correlation clustering approach with after-clustering of singleton clusters. These properties allow the framework to get an advantage in terms of result quality over other state-of-the-art WePS techniques.
Optimal Selection of CPU Speed, Device Capacities, and File Assignments (1980)

article Free Access Share on Optimal Selection of CPU Speed, Device Capacities, and File Assignments Authors: Kishor S. Trivedi Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NCView Profile , Robert A. Wagner Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NCView Profile , Timothy M. Sigmon Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NCView Profile Authors Info & Claims Journal of the ACMVolume 27Issue 3July 1980 pp 457–473https://doi.org/10.1145/322203.322208Published:01 July 1980Publication History 44citation552DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations44Total Downloads552Last 12 Months35Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF