gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Further Studies on the Reaction of Cyclopentane with Mercury-6(3<i>P</i>1) Atoms (1954)

A further investigation has been made of the reaction of cyclopentane with Hg6(3P1) atoms at 29.30±0.01°C, under static conditions. Analyses, using mass spectrometric techniques, confirm that the only direct products of the reaction are hydrogen, bicyclopentyl, and cyclopentene. No evidence was found for decomposition of the cyclopentane ring. The kinetics of the reaction can be satisfactorily explained in terms of the following general mechanism:(1) cyclo CnH2n+Hg6(3P1)→cyclo CnH2n−1+H+Hg6(1S0),(2) H+cyclo CnH2n→H2+cyclo CnH2n−1,(3) 2(cyclo CnH2n−1)→cyclo CnH2n−2+cyclo CnH2n,(4) 2(cyclo CnH2n−1)→bicyclo C2nH4n−2,(5) H+cyclo CnH2n−2→cyclo CnH2n−1.Reaction (5) can be ignored at high substrate pressures or low extents of decomposition. The limiting high-pressure values for the quantum yields of cyclopentane disappearance, hydrogen formation, and cyclopentene formation are 0.90, 0.49, and 0.078, respectively. From the steady-state treatment of the mechanism coupled with the quantum yield data, the ratio k4/k3, the ratio of the rates of recombination to disproportionation for cyclopentyl radicals, was determined to be 5.3.
Recombinant Spidroins Fully Replicate Primary Mechanical Properties of Natural Spider Silk (2018)

Despite significant efforts to engineer their heterologous production, recombinant spider silk proteins (spidroins) have yet to replicate the unparalleled combination of high strength and toughness exhibited by natural spider silks, preventing their use in numerous mechanically demanding applications. To overcome this long-standing challenge, we have developed a synthetic biology approach combining standardized DNA part assembly and split intein-mediated ligation to produce recombinant spidroins of previously unobtainable size (556 kDa), containing 192 repeat motifs of the Nephila clavipes dragline spidroin. Fibers spun from our synthetic spidroins are the first to fully replicate the mechanical performance of their natural counterparts by all common metrics, i.e., tensile strength (1.03 ± 0.11 GPa), modulus (13.7 ± 3.0 GPa), extensibility (18 ± 6%), and toughness (114 ± 51 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>). The developed process reveals a path to more dependable production of high-performance silks for mechanically demanding applications while also providing a platform to facilitate production of other high-performance natural materials.
Towards a Better Cache Utilization Using Controlled Cache Partitioning (2013)

Many multi-core processors nowadays employ a shared Last Level Cache (LLC). Partitioning LLC becomes more important as LLC is shared among the cores. Past research has demonstrated that the traditional least recently used (LRU) based partitioning cum replacement policy has adverse effects on parameters like instruction per cycle (IPC), miss rate and speedup. This leads to poor performance in an environment when multiple cores compete for one global LLC. Applications, enjoying locality of reference are purely benefited by LRU, however LRU fails for the applications showing working set size (WSS) large than the LLC size. In this work, we propose a scheme which allows cores to steal/donate their lines upto a threshold and give them a chance to adjust their partition when there is a miss. Instead of maintaining strict target partitioning, we introduce a flexible threshold window. Our evaluation with multiprogrammed workloads shows significant performance improvement.
Cellular immune responses to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in Gambian children during and after an acute attack of falciparum malaria. (1988)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 63 Gambian children with acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria were examined for lymphoproliferation and interferon-gamma (IFN) production in response to stimulation by mitogens, malaria antigens and other soluble antigens. Mitogen or Candida-induced proliferation was not depressed during acute infection but was enhanced 2 to 4 weeks after treatment. Responses to partially purified soluble P. falciparum antigens were minimal or absent in all children in the acute phase but approximately 50% of the children responded by proliferation or IFN-gamma production during the 2 to 8 week convalescent period. These proliferative responses were severely depressed in the presence of the patient's own serum. Nine children with significant convalescent phase proliferative responses were re-examined several months after acute infection. Of these, four remained responsive for at least 8 months in the probable absence of reinfection.
Probing Transcription Factor Dynamics at the Single-Molecule Level in a Living Cell (2007)

Transcription factors regulate gene expression through their binding to DNA. In a living Escherichia coli cell, we directly observed specific binding of a lac repressor, labeled with a fluorescent protein, to a chromosomal lac operator. Using single-molecule detection techniques, we measured the kinetics of binding and dissociation of the repressor in response to metabolic signals. Furthermore, we characterized the nonspecific binding to DNA, one-dimensional (1D) diffusion along DNA segments, and 3D translocation among segments through cytoplasm at the single-molecule level. In searching for the operator, a lac repressor spends approximately 90% of time nonspecifically bound to and diffusing along DNA with a residence time of <5 milliseconds. The methods and findings can be generalized to other nucleic acid binding proteins.
A Video-Based Real-Time Vehicle Counting System Using Adaptive Background Method (2008)

This paper presents a video-based solution for real time vehicle detection and counting system, using a surveillance camera mounted on a relatively high place to acquire the traffic video stream.The two main methods applied in this system are: the adaptive background estimation and the Gaussian shadow elimination. The former allows a robust moving detection especially in complex scenes. The latter is based on color space HSV, which is able to deal with different size and intensity shadows. After these two operations, it obtains an image with moving vehicle extracted, and then operation counting is effected by a method called virtual detector.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Cdna Microarrays (2001)

Genes expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed using cDNA microarrays to clarify gene abnormalities in HCC. mRNA was extracted from cancerous and noncancerous tissues of 10 patients with HCC, cDNA labeled with Cy5 and Cy3 fluorescence was prepared, and it was hybridized for each patient with a cDNA microarray consisting of 1,080 elements (930 unique genes). The mRNA expression rate of each element in HCC was evaluated using the level of mRNA expression in noncancerous tissue in each patient as a reference. The expression of 10 genes was enhanced 2 times or more in HCC cancerous tissue compared with noncancerous tissue in 5 or more of the 10 patients. In contrast, 9 genes were expressed at half the level or less in HCC cancerous tissue compared with noncancerous tissue. When hierarchical clustering was performed to identify genes related to clinical phenotypes of the patients, 22 genes showed changes associated with the degree of differentiation of HCC. Thirteen of these genes were transcriptional factors or tissue-specific expression proteins related to cell differentiation or development. Our present analysis clarified a number of genes that characterize HCC. This information based on examination of clinical samples is considered to be useful for clarification of the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis and the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
A study of communication in the Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit and its implications for automated briefing. (2000)

We present a study of the information transferred among caregivers in the context of cardiac surgery and use the study to evaluate a system, MAGIC, that we are developing for automated generation of briefings. Our framework integrates cognitive and quantitative evaluation methods and features three standards that reflect current practice in the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU). Using experimental design to compare human-generated and machine-generated briefings, we show that MAGIC's current level of performance is useful. Moreover, MAGIC could help improve information flow in the CTICU by providing a consistent set of information earlier than in current practice. The separate standards are also consistent in suggesting specific modifications that may be necessary for iterative design and further system development.
[Role of glutamate dehydrogenase in the biological detection of excessive drinkers]. (1983)

384 hospitalized patients of both sexes were classified into drinkers and non-drinkers according to clinical criteria. On admission, we measured four blood parameters : glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase and the mean corpuscular volume. the discriminating power of these laboratory parameters was evaluated by descriptive statistical tests and by the determination of their positive and negative predictive value. Glutamate dehydrogenase appears to present a sensitivity almost equivalent to that of gamma glutamyl transferase and a better specificity : this results in a more positive predictive value. The two other laboratory parameters are less discriminating.
Electromagnetic theory of the leaky coaxial cable (1975)

The transfer of electromagnetic fields through a grid made of conducting strips similar to the braid of a coaxial cable is expressed by means of a transfer surface impedance relating the tangential electric field to the discontinuity of the tangential magnetic field. This impedance is calculated as a function of the grid parameters. It is then used to establish the electromagnetic theory of a braided coaxial cable located along the axis of a perfectly conducting cylinder. This leads to the existence of two uncoupled modes having the main part of their energy confined on one side of the sheath, with leakage on the other side. This result is compared with the classical coupled line theory.
Enhancing VoIP speech quality using combined playout control and signal reconstruction (2012)

The quality of real-time Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) networks is affected by network impairments such as delays, jitters, and packet loss. To solve this issue, this paper proposes a new receiver-based enhancing method of VoIP speech quality. Our approach is based on the combined playout control and signal reconstruction technique that consists of a set of algorithms that conceal packet loss, reduce buffering delay, detect spike delay, and alleviate packet delay jitter. The proposed fully receiver-based enhancing algorithm is computationally efficient, delivers high-quality voice service, and is suitable for use in any practical mobile VoIP system.
Molecular events associated with induction of arginase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1977)

Arginase, the enzyme responsible for arginine degradation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is an inducible protein whose inhibition of ornithine carbamoyl-transferase has been studied extensively. Mutant strains defective in the normal regulation of arginase production have also been isolated. However, in spite of these studies, the macromolecular biosynthetic events involved in production of arginase remain obscure. We have, therefore, studied the requirements of arginase induction. We observed that: (i) 4 min elapsed between the addition of inducer (homoarginine) and the appearance of arginase activity at 30 degrees C; (ii) induction required ribonucleic acid synthesis and a functional rna1 gene product; and (iii) production of arginase-specific synthetic capacity occurred in the absence of protein synthesis but could be expressed only when protein synthesis was not inhibited. Termination of induction by inducer removal, addition of the ribonucleic acid synthesis inhibitor lomofungin, or resuspension of a culture of organisms containing temperature-sensitive rna1 gene products in a medium at 35 degrees C resulted in loss of ability for continued arginase synthesis with half-lives of 5.5, 3.8, and 4.5 min, respectively. These and other recently published data suggest that a variety of inducible or repressible proteins responding rapidly to the environment may be derived from labile synthetic capacities, whereas constitutively produced proteins needed continuously throughout the cell cycle may be derived from synthetic capacities that are significantly more stable.
Scatterometry measurements of line end shortening structures for focus-exposure monitoring (2006)

Spectroscopic critical dimension (SCD<sup>TM</sup>) metrology on line gratings has previously been shown to be a sensitive and useful technique for monitoring lithographic focus and exposure conditions. Line end shortening (LES) effects are sensitive to focus and potentially more sensitive to focus variation than side wall angle or other profile parameters of line gratings. Rectangular line segment structures that exhibit line-end shortening behavior are arranged in a rectangular two-dimensional (2D) array to provide a scatterometry signal sensitive to the profile of the thousands of line ends in the measurement beam spot. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE)-based scatterometry measurements were carried out on 2D array targets of rectangular features exposed in a focus-exposure matrix (FEM). The focus and exposure sensitivities of multiple shape parameters were found to be good and uniquely separable. In addition, the side wall angle of the line ends was found to be nearly linearly dependent on focus and provide necessary focus direction information. Focus and exposure can be determined from SCD measurements by applying a model generated to describe the focus-exposure behavior of multiple shape parameters using KLA Tencor's KT Analyzer software. Several different models based on different combinations of shape parameters were evaluated. Focus measurement precision of 3nm 3σ was obtained, which will be useful for lithography processes with tight depth of focus.
Quantitative proteomics comes of age (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPRODUCT REVIEWNEXTQuantitative proteomics comes of ageJennifer GriffithsCite this: Anal. Chem. 2007, 79, 17, 6451–6454Publication Date (Web):September 1, 2007Publication History Published online1 September 2007Published inissue 1 September 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac0719610https://doi.org/10.1021/ac0719610newsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (364 KB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Proteomics Get e-Alerts
Correlation of permeability with the structure of the endothelial layer of pulmonary artery intimal explants. (1987)

Changes in vascular permeability are associated with structural damage to endothelial cells. These functional and structural changes can be produced experimentally and examined by using intimal explants from bovine pulmonary artery. Correlation of functional with structural changes allows us to dissect the mechanisms responsible for endothelial damage. We have shown that incubation of intimal explants with histamine causes transient formation of interendothelial dilatations and an increased rate of equilibration of tritiated water and [14C]sucrose across the intimal explant. Exposure to endotoxin also causes interendothelial dilatations but the endothelial damage is more severe than that with histamine, and in vivo experiments show a more prolonged increase in pulmonary vascular permeability. Leukocyte migration has also been suggested to result in a decreased barrier function of the endothelial layer. Experiments with the endothelial layer of intimal explants and separated bovine leukocytes suggest that transendothelial migration may depend on the chemotactic stimulus. Neither granulocyte migration toward zymosan-activated plasma nor lymphocyte migration toward lymphocyte-conditioned medium (RPMI in which lymphocytes were incubated with concanavalin A) leads to detectable increases in explant permeability, but granulocyte migration toward lymphocyte-conditioned medium does result in increased equilibration of [14C]sucrose. Finally, a theoretical model has been used to examine the permeability changes seen for the intimal explants exposed to histamine. The model consists of two compartments with radioactive tracers diffusing across a filter of known permeability. Such a model gives good agreement with data obtained in intact sheep, indicating that mathematical models allow quantitative estimates of barrier function in intimal explants that compare favorably with in vivo data.
Ultrastructural changes in the rat sciatic nerve after local hyperthermia (1993)

The rat sciatic nerve was heated over a length of 5 mm for 30 min at 43, 44 or 45 degrees C. Morphological changes were not observed after heating at 43 degrees C. Treatment at 44 degrees C resulted in endoneurial oedema and mild vascular changes, such as contraction and vacuolization of endothelial cells and thickening of the media of the larger vessels. Within 1 week several demyelinated axons were observed. The first changes after heating at 45 degrees C included oedema, blood vessel occlusion and severe endothelial cell damage. Axonal changes, e.g. the accumulation of cell organelles, appeared 8 h after treatment; 24 h after treatment most axons and myelin sheaths showed degenerative changes. Absence of blood flow in the heated area of the nerve was shown 2 h after heating at 45 degrees C. We conclude that hyperthermic treatment directly affects endothelial cells and myelin sheaths in the rat sciatic nerve. Axons degenerate most probably as a consequence of ischaemia.
Design principles for robot inclusive spaces: A case study with Roomba (2014)

Research focus on service robots that deals with applications related to healthcare, logistics, residential, search and rescue are gaining significant momentum in the recent years. Their social and economic relevance is more than evident. Yet, while much has been researched about “designing robots” focusing on sensing, actuation, mobility and control of service robots, little work has been done on “design for robots” that looks at designing preferred artefacts or environments for such robots. In this work, we propose a new philosophy of robot inclusive spaces, a cross disciplinary approach that brings together roboticians, architects and designers to solve numerous unsettled research problems in robotics community through design of inclusive interior spaces for robots where the latter live and operate. With a residential floor cleaning robot as a case study, we inductively derived a set of four design principles namely observability, accessibility, activity and safety that guides the realization of an inclusive space for these service robots. Also, the suggested principles are further defined, analysed and validated for their merits in this paper.
Energy Information Gateway for Home (2011)

Energy conservation or energy management is the buzz word today and it's a real necessity for today's world, in order to maintain high economy growth rate. Smart Meter technology is the first step towards achieving this goal. This paper discusses a novel low-cost Home Energy Information Gateway (HEIG) solution which can provide the Smart Meter display and communication interface through a Set Top Box like gateway device on the television and offer a varied range of benefits to the consumers and utility providers. The proposed solution provides a real-time view of the energy consumption at home on the Home Television. In addition it can also provide daily, monthly and annual energy usage statistics along with a mechanism to provide alerts when the energy consumption exceeds certain pre-defined thresholds. By interfacing with the utility provider's portal over the web, it can provide a mechanism to introduce dynamic tariff and in future, as intelligent electrical appliances become available, a means to control the energy consumption of home electrical appliances from the Home Television itself. The main value provided by the proposed solution lies in its low-cost and low-power, which is an important parameter for deployment in Developing Countries.
Click–Click–Click: Single to Triple Modification of DNA (2008)

One, two, or three: An efficient, modular, and robust protocol has been developed for the multiple functionalization of DNA. It is based on the click reaction of azides with the alkyne substituents on an oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN), which was prepared by the standard phosphoramidite method (see scheme). ODNs can thus be labeled with two sensitive molecules, and even triple modification is possible.
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Markedly Reduces Mortality in Salt-Loaded Dahl S Rats (1991)

We investigated the effect of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) on morbidity and hypertension in salt-loaded Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats. Six-week-old male Dahl S rats (n = 198) were fed a high sodium diet (8% NaCl) for 10 weeks. One group of rats (n = 91) was treated with 30 mg/kg/day of the nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, DuP 753, whereas the control group (n = 107) was left untreated. Blood pressure rose steeply in both groups, reaching levels above 200 mm Hg by week 6. DuP 753-treated animals were less hypertensive than controls between weeks 3 and 5 of the study, but had similar blood pressure before and after that time. Although the angiotensin II antagonist had only a transient effect on blood pressure it markedly prolonged survival. After 10 weeks, 68.3% of rats receiving DuP 753, but only 30.1% of controls, were still alive (P less than .0001). Higher morbidity in controls than in DuP 753-treated rats was also suggested by body weights. Following 6 weeks of high salt diet, untreated rats progressively lost weight while DuP 753-treated animals maintained a steady body weight. These results show that the angiotensin II receptor antagonist DuP 753 greatly enhanced survival in salt-loaded Dahl S rats although it reduced blood pressure only transiently. Our data are consistent with a contribution of the RAS to morbidity in this model of hypertension.