gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An energy efficient collaborative framework for event notification in wireless sensor networks (2004)

Wireless sensor networks consist of large number of low power devices equipped with RF links for communication that have several military, civil and environmental monitoring applications. The energy constraints due to limited battery power present numerous design challenges. In this paper we propose an energy efficient, cluster based framework for collaboration among nodes in a region for reducing the redundancy in reporting events. Collaboration is done among the exposed nodes using a localized and deterministic schedule based on TDMA/FDMA MAC. A novel, three phase collaboration scheme is presented to exchange messages for determining the local maximum of the confidence measure in the two hop cluster neighborhood of the event. This local maximum generates the response for the event, thereby reducing the redundant reporting of the event. Through extensive simulations we have shown that there is a significant reduction in the overall network traffic thereby, saving energy at the nodes responsible for originating response traffic and also at nodes, which handle the route-through traffic.
DTVS: a distributed trace visualization system (2002)

We present a straightforward and sample method of visualizing the execution of a distributed system as it is recorded in a collection of per-process traces. The technique is based directly on Lamport's space-time diagrams and the notion of causal precedence as embodied in vector time. Timestamping trace events with vector time provides the leverage required for the rapid display of the space-time diagram. It also allows us to define and display concurrent regions of the trace and to implement a fast algorithm for the evaluation of global state predicates over those regions. We describe an implementation of DTVS for distributed systems in which synchronous communication is used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A General Approach to Locate Instantaneous Contact Lines of Gears Using Surface of Roll Angle (2011)

Determining the locations and orientation of potential instantaneous contact lines between two contacting tooth surfaces of gears is one major step in the prediction of unloaded and loaded gear tooth contacts. This study defines and utilizes new general concept based on the construction of a surface of roll angle to simplify the task of locating instantaneous contact lines of any type of gearing. The position and normal vectors of points on one of the mating surfaces and axes of both gears are used in conjunction with the equation of meshing to define the surface of action and the surface of roll angle. With the surface of roll angle defined, instantaneous contact lines are determined by a novel approach based on an analogy to parallel-axes gears. At the end, the proposed method is applied to various parallel- and cross-axis gear pairs to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Rendez-vous and docking position tracking via sliding mode control (2015)

This paper proposes a sliding mode strategy for the Chaser position tracking during the approaching maneuver to a passive vehicle (Target). The presented sliding mode control procedure considers different phases of the approaching maneuver, which are identified mainly based on the Chaser distance from the Target. The various stages correspond to different choices of the designed sliding mode control switching parameters (different frequencies, gains and desired velocity). The tracking performance of the proposed sliding mode controller is demonstrated by simulations. The obtained results are analyzed in order to evaluate the impact of the different choices on the overall performances (fuel consumption, precision of the docking and time required to complete the maneuver.
Optimal Well Placement in Heterogeneous Reservoirs Through Semianalytic Modeling (2005)

Summary The need for accurate well-productivity models with arbitrary well trajectories spurred a revival in analytic solution methodology for fluid transport problems. Analytic formulations often depict single-phase flow throughout the reservoir. The Babu-Odeh horizontal-well solution for abox-shaped reservoir with spatially invariant properties is generalized here toallow closed-form solutions for heterogeneous media. A reservoir is decomposed into interacting regions, each with its own reservoir properties and associated analytic potential flow solution. Using established boundary element techniques, pressure and flux continuity are imposed at selected interface points to solve for the steady material exchange between regions. Constant pressure and zero flux features (fractures and barriers) are easily entertained at region boundaries. The 2D, pseudo steady-state solution for heterogeneous media is embedded within a reservoir performance feedback loop of a powerful gradient search method to produce a robust optimal infill well placement algorithm. Utilizing this approach, new criteria are developed concerning optimal placement of vertical wells for primary production with respect to heterogeneity, asymmetry, and anisotropy. The semianalytic method has been extended to 3D flows to serve as a compute engine for a new generation of reservoir management and optimization tools.
A -90-dB THD rail-to-rail input opamp using a new local charge pump in CMOS (1998)

This paper describes the principle and design of a CMOS rail-to-rail input operational amplifier with THD performance of -90 dB which is suited for high-quality audio systems. A new output stage has been used featuring an output suing that extends to either supply rail and is capable of driving a low ohmic load (32 /spl Omega/). The opamp, which is realized in a 0.5-/spl mu/m 3.3-V digital CMOS process, uses a standard two-stage Miller configuration. The rail-to-rail input functionality is achieved with a new area-efficient on-chip charge pump which provides the local supply voltage for the input differential pair. THD levels below -90 dB have not yet been shown with existing rail-to-rail techniques. This rail-to-rail input configuration also behaves independently of the common mode level with respect to transconductance and slewing characteristics.
Regulation of interleukin-12 expression in human monocytes: selective priming by interferon-gamma of lipopolysaccharide-inducible p35 and p40 genes (1995)

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a monocyte/macrophage-derived cytokine that is critical for T lymphocyte and natural killer cell activities and functions. In this study, we examined the regulation of IL-12 expression by human monocytes in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Several novel aspects of IL-12 induction from monocytes were shown. Optimal expression of IL-12 mRNA and bioactivity required specific priming of monocytes by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) before LPS stimulation. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) provided an equivalent priming stimulus for LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-12 p40 mRNA, but primed poorly for LPS-inducible p35 message and secreted IL-12 activity. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), although a potent survival factor for monocytes, showed no priming activity for IL-12 production. Time course experiments demonstrated independent regulation of p40 and p35 by IFN-gamma and LPS. LPS inducibility of p40 expression required only a brief exposure to IFN-gamma (2 hours), while prolonged exposure (+/- 24 hours) to IFN-gamma resulted in diminishing levels of p40 mRNA. p35 inducibility (by LPS) required a longer exposure to IFN-gamma (8 to 16 hours), and continued to be inducible up to 40 hours following IFN-gamma priming. Both mRNAs were rapidly induced (1 to 2 hours) in IFN-gamma-primed monocytes; p35 message reached a plateau by 2 hours, while p40 continued to accumulate. Finally, both p40 and p35 were directly induced by LPS in the presence of cycloheximide. These results indicated that both p40 and p35 are LPS-inducible in monocytes following IFN-gamma pretreatment, and that the regulated expression of p35 controls the level of active IL-12 protein in purified human monocytes. The selectivity of priming by IFN-gamma is in accord with a putative role for IL-12 in the initiation and amplification of TH1-type responses.
Tri-axial high-g CMOS-MEMS capacitive accelerometer array (2008)

A chip-scale tri-axial CMOS-MEMS high-g accelerometer is demonstrated. The accelerometer uses an array of cantilever structures, electrically connected in parallel for capacitive sensing. The measured sensitivity is 3.02 muV/g for in-plane motion and 9.91 muV/g for out-of- plane motion. CMOS-MEMS integration allows the sensor to be lower in weight and volume than existing non-integrated piezoresistive and piezoelectric high-g accelerometers.
Elimination of Persistent Photoconductivity and Improvement in Si Activation Coefficient by Al Spatial Separation from Ga and Si in Al–Ga–As:Si Solid System –a Novel Short Period AlAs/n-GaAs Superlattice– (1983)

A superlattice with an exceptionally short period composed of 15 Å AlAs and 25 Å selectively Si doped GaAs is grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The persistent photoconductivity (PPC) is drastically decreased by the Al and Ga separation, and deep level formation is effectively suppressed by the Al and Si separation compared with n-Al x Ga 1- x As ( x >0.25), which has the same bandgap as the superlattice. Consequently, an extremely high quality Al–Ga–As:Si solid system is realized for the first time with high donor activation coefficient and low activation energy (<10 meV) for thermal carrier generation.
Detection of Rotaviruses and Intestinal Lesions in Broiler Chicks from Flocks with Runting and Stunting Syndrome (RSS) (2006)

The intestinal tract and intestinal contents were collected from 34 stunted, 5-to-14-day-old broiler chicks from eight flocks with runting and stunting syndrome (RSS) in Northern Germany to investigate intestinal lesions and the presence of enteric pathogens with a special focus on rotaviruses (RVs). Seven chicks from a healthy flock were used as controls. Severe villous atrophy was seen in chicks from six flocks with RSS but not in the control flock. Lesions were often "regionally" distributed in the middle-to-distal small intestine. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (PAGE), reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and seminested RT-PCR were used for detection and characterization of RVs. The PAGE allows discrimination of different RV groups, and the RT-PCR was used to verify the presence of group (gp) A RVs. RVs were detected (by all methods) in 32 of 34 chicks from the flocks with RSS. By TEM (negative staining), RV particles were observed in intestinal contents of 28 chicks from the flocks with RSS. PAGE analysis showed four RV groups: gpA, gpD, gpF, and gpG. Group A RVs were detected in four chicks from two flocks with RSS, without intestinal lesions. GpD RVs were detected in 12 chicks of five flocks with RSS, 10 of them with severe villous atrophy. GpF RVs were confirmed in four chicks from three flocks with RSS and in two birds in the control flock. GpG RVs were verified in two chicks from two flocks with RSS, one with, and one without, intestinal lesions. At present, PCR methods are only available for detection of gpA RVs. Using RT-PCR, gpA RVs were identified in samples from 22 chicks including samples of two chicks from the control flock. Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between presence of gpD RV and severe villous atrophy in flocks with RSS. The results suggest that gpD RV plays a major role in the pathogenesis of RSS.
Formation of genotoxic dicarbonyl compounds in dietary oils upon oxidation (2004)

Dietary oils--tuna, salmon, cod liver, soybean, olive, and corn oils--were treated with accelerated storage conditions (60 degrees C for 3 and 7 d) and a cooking condition (200 degrees C for 1 h). Genotoxic malonaldehyde (MA), glyoxal, and methylglyoxal formed in the oils were analyzed by GC. Salmon oil produced the greatest amount of MA (1070+/-77.0 ppm of oil) when it was heated at 60 degrees C for 7 d. The highest formation of glyoxal was obtained from salmon oil heated at 60 degrees C for 3 d. More glyoxal was found from salmon and cod liver oils when they were heated for 3 d (12.8+/-1.10 and 7.07+/-0.19 ppm, respectively) than for 7 d (6.70+/-0.08 and 5.94+/-0.38 ppm, respectively), suggesting that glyoxal underwent secondary reactions during a prolonged time. The amount of methyglyoxal formed ranged from 2.03+/-0.13 (cod liver oil) to 2.89+/-0.11 ppm (tuna oil) in the fish oils heated at 60 degrees C for 7 d. Among vegetable oils, only olive oil yielded methylglyoxal (0.61+/-0.03 ppm) under accelerated storage conditions. When oils were treated under cooking conditions, the aldehydes formed were comparable to those formed under accelerated storage conditions. Fish oils produced more MA, glyoxal, and methylglyoxal than did vegetable oils because the fish oils contained higher levels of long-chain PUFA, such as EPA and DHA, than did the vegetable oils. A statistically significant correlation (P < 0.05) between the alpha-tocopherol content and the oxidation parameters was obtained from only MA and fish oils heated at 60 degrees C for 3 d.
Risk Factor Analysis Based on Deep Learning Models (2016)

Accurate rendering of diagnosis and prognosis for a disease with respect to a patient requires analysis of complicated, diverse, yet correlated risk factors (RFs). Most of the existing methods for this purpose are based on handcraft RFs by calculating their statistical significance to the disease. However, such methods not only incur intensive labor but also lack capability to discover or infer previously unknown complex relationships and combined effects among correlated RFs.
Natural Advantages and Contractual Justice (1984)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Effect of Raw Material and Processing Factors on the Production of Effervescent Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Tea Tablets (2011)

An investigation was carried out to determine the effects of some factors on the production of effervescent artichoke tea tablets from dried artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.): extraction solvent composition, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratios of leaf, flower, stalk and root of dried artichoke, concentration of spray-drying solution, spray-drying temperature, spray-drying carrier, concentration of spray-drying carrier, proportion of effervescent agent, and components proportion of effervescent agent. The recommended extraction solvent was water with 10 percent of ethanol 96 percent (v/v), with an extraction temperature of 100°C, soak time of 14 hours, first extraction time of one hour, second extraction time of three hours. The dried artichoke raw material consisted of 1.0 parts leaf, 0.5 parts flower, 1.0 parts stalk and 1.5 parts root. The recommended concentration of spray-drying solution was 20 percent, spray-drying temperature of 150°C, spray-drying carrier was maltodextrin at a concentration of 10 percent. The recommended effervescent agent consisted of 1.0 parts citric acid, 1.0 parts tartaric acid and 2.44 parts sodium bicarbonate, added at 45 percent of total weight of effervescent tablet.
Using contour as a mid-level representation of melody (1996)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Media Arts & Sciences, 1996.
Fine-Grained Activation for Power Reduction in DRAM (2010)

This DRAM architecture optimization, which appears transparent to the memory controller, significantly reduces power consumption. With trivial additional logic, using the posted-CAS command enables a finer-grained selection when activating a portion of the DRAM array. Experiments show that, in a high-use memory system, this approach can reduce total DRAM device power consumption by up to 40 percent.
Dissociative recombination of vibrationally excited H<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math>ions: High-Rydberg-state formation (1997)

The dissociative recombination (DR) of vibrationally excited H${}_{2}^{+}$ ions to form products in high Rydberg states has been investigated experimentally and theoretically for small $(0.01\ensuremath{-}0.1$ eV) center-of-mass energies of the projectile electron. The merged beam method was used in the experiment and very large cross sections were found for DR from highly vibrationally excited states. The Rydberg states population was analyzed by the application of an electric field ionizer with an axial electric field in excess of 70 kV/cm, which is sufficient to ionize Rydberg states with $n>~10$. Experiments with and without the ionizer were performed and cross sections $\ensuremath{\sigma}(0<n<~21)$, $\ensuremath{\sigma}(n<10)$, and $\ensuremath{\sigma}(10<~n<~21)$ were measured. The dipole approximation was used for the interpretation of the experimental results. Molecular rovibrational transitions were considered quantum mechanically. At low collision energy (0.01 eV), DR cross sections with high $n=10\ensuremath{-}21$ Rydberg products arise from initial vibrational states $v>~15$. Absolute values of these cross sections are found to be of the order of magnitude of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}\ensuremath{-}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ cm${}^{2}$. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results has shown that the modified back autoionization (involving transitions to the continuum and to very high $n$; that is the ``indirect'' mechanism of DR) plays a significant role for all cross sections.
Joint channel-data estimation with interference suppression (2002)

This paper describes an adaptive space-time receiver with joint channel and data estimation (JCD) to combat time-varying multipath channels in the presence of undesired co-channel interference (CCI). The receiver uses a colored Gaussian metric in the sequence detection to suppress the CCI. The proposed scheme also uses the knowledge of the transmit filter for improved channel estimation to enhance the performance. We gain insight into the interference suppression scheme through pairwise error-probability analysis. To reduce implementational complexity, a hybrid delayed-decision feedback and JCD scheme is also proposed. The performance is illustrated using numerical results in realistic transmission environments.
Fit-For-All iPSC-Derived Cell Therapies and Their Evaluation in Humanized Mice With NK Cell Immunity (2021)

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be limitlessly expanded and differentiated into almost all cell types. Moreover, they are amenable to gene manipulation and, because they are established from somatic cells, can be established from essentially any person. Based on these characteristics, iPSCs have been extensively studied as cell sources for tissue grafts, blood transfusions and cancer immunotherapies, and related clinical trials have started. From an immune-matching perspective, autologous iPSCs are perfectly compatible in principle, but also require a prolonged time for reaching the final products, have high cost, and person-to-person variation hindering their common use. Therefore, certified iPSCs with reduced immunogenicity are expected to become off-the-shelf sources, such as those made from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-homozygous individuals or genetically modified for HLA depletion. Preclinical tests using immunodeficient mice reconstituted with a human immune system (HIS) serve as an important tool to assess the human alloresponse against iPSC-derived cells. Especially, HIS mice reconstituted with not only human T cells but also human natural killer (NK) cells are considered crucial. NK cells attack so-called "missing self" cells that do not express self HLA class I, which include HLA-homozygous cells that express only one allele type and HLA-depleted cells. However, conventional HIS mice lack enough reconstituted human NK cells for these tests. Several measures have been developed to overcome this issue including the administration of cytokines that enhance NK cell expansion, such as IL-2 and IL-15, the administration of vectors that express those cytokines, and genetic manipulation to express the cytokines or to enhance the reconstitution of human myeloid cells that express IL15R-alpha. Using such HIS mice with enhanced human NK cell reconstitution, alloresponses against HLA-homozygous and HLA-depleted cells have been studied. However, most studies used HLA-downregulated tumor cells as the target cells and tested <i>in vitro</i> after purifying human cells from HIS mice. In this review, we give an overview of the current state of iPSCs in cell therapies, strategies to lessen their immunogenic potential, and then expound on the development of HIS mice with reconstituted NK cells, followed by their utilization in evaluating future universal HLA-engineered iPSC-derived cells.
Fabrication of High Aspect Ratio X-ray Grating Using X-ray Lithography (2009)

X-ray radiographic imaging technique has found applications in various fields. However, it is not enough to get clear X-ray images of samples with low absorbance, such as biological soft tissues. To resolve this problem, we proposed a method using an X-ray Talbot interferometer of X-ray phase imaging. In this X-ray Talbot interferometer, X-ray gratings were required to have a fine, high accuracy, high aspect ratio structure. Then, we have developed and succeeded high aspect ratio X-ray gratings with a pitch of 5.3 μm and a height of 30 μm using X-ray lithography technique. We discuss that the X-ray gratings having a large effective area in order to obtain imaging size of practical use in medical application. In currently study, we have fabricated the X-ray gratings with a large effective area of 60 mm×60 mm. And, we conducted X-ray phase tomography of mouse at the chest and abdominal using X-ray Talbot interferometer. As a result, we successfully observed soft tissues and high density tissues. With the aim of broadening a field of view, we try to fabricate X-ray gratings that have a pitch of below 5.3 μm and larger area of 100 mm square. This result suggests that X-ray Talbot interferometer is a novel and simple method for phase sensitive X-ray radiography.