gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi straight line analytical method for estimating aquifer parameters from recovery test data (2008)

A new method for determining hydrogeological parameters of aquifer from recovery data is proposed. The possible difference between releasing water coefficient of aquifer in the stage of water level declining and water storage coefficient as water level rising is taken into consideration. In order to derive the equations for estimating the hydrogeological parameters of aquifer, the same simplification way for two well functions describing two drawdowns is taken; one of these drawdowns is caused by continuous pumping, and the other is caused by imagined recharge with the same pumping rate after pumping stops. This means that the first three terms in the series expressions of the Theis' well functions are taken as simplified expresses of well function, and the simplified condition is that two dimensionless times are u 1 l0.2 and u 2 l0.2. Under such simplifications, transmissivity, water storage and releasing water coefficients may be estimated simultaneously. According to the differences between storability and releasing coefficient, the deformation reversibility of tested aquifer between discharge stage and recharge stage may be judged. Finally, an example is given to show the application procedure of the proposed method. (10 refs.)
Surround Sound Using Variable-Ambisonics and Variable-Polar Pattern Theories (2012)

This paper details the technologies displayed by the authors at ICME 2012. The technologies are those of Variable-Ambisonics and Variable-Polar Pattern Reproduction. These technologies are demonstrated using virtual 2-dimensional speaker layouts via binaural headphone reproduction. The technologies offer benefits over standard pair-wise panning of surround sound by offering on-the-fly changing of speaker count, source width control and per sound source rendering. The technologies also overcome problems of Ambisonics and Ambisonic based reproduction methods by allowing each sound source to be individually rendered by decoder type, of an arbitrary rather than fixed order and the mixing of various orders within the same reproduction system.
Atypical movement disorders in the early stages of Huntington's disease: clinical and genetic analysis (2000)

Huntington's disease (HD) is notably difficult to diagnose in the early stages. One reason is that the early clinical manifestations of HD vary widely and sometimes have an atypical onset. In this paper we primarily sought information on affected patients who initially presented with movement disorders other than chorea. We also investigated atypical motor presentations in relation to triplet CAG expansions. After reviewing the clinical records of two neurological centres, we identified patients with a final, documented diagnosis of HD and selected for study 205 patients according to their onset of motor manifestations. CAG repeats were analysed. Of the 205 patients studied, 15 had atypical motor symptoms at onset. In this group we identified three types of initial clinical manifestations other than chorea: parkinsonism, ataxia and dystonia. We conclude that HD patients may have different motor manifestations at the initiation of the illness. Patients with atypical movement disorders in the early stages have larger CAG expansions and an earlier age at onset than HD patients with typical onset chorea.
Temperature-driven coherence resonance and stochastic resonance in a thermochemical system (2014)

We perform the stochastic analysis of a thermochemical system using a master equation which describes a chemical reaction and includes discrete and continuous temperature jumps. We study the time evolution of the system selecting the temperature of the thermostat as an easily tunable control parameter. Depending on the thermostat temperature, the system can be in an excitable, oscillatory, or stationary regime. Stochastic time series for the system temperature are generated and the distributions of interspike intervals are analyzed in the three dynamical regimes separated by a homoclinic bifurcation and a Hopf bifurcation. Different constructive roles of internal fluctuations are exhibited. A noise-induced transition is observed in the vicinity of the Hopf bifurcation. Coherence resonance and stochastic resonance are found in the oscillatory regime. In a range of thermostat temperatures, a nontrivial behavior of the highly nonlinear system is revealed by the existence of both a minimum and a maximum in the scaled standard deviation of interspike intervals as a function of particle number. This high sensitivity to system size illustrates that controlling dynamics in nanoreactors may remain a difficult task.
FIBER-COUPLED PHOTOMIXERS OPERATING AT CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES (1997)

Optical heterodyne conversion. or photomixing, occurs in epitaxial low-temperaturegrown GaAs between two voltage-biased metal electrodes on which two laser beams are focused with their frequencies offset by a desired difference frequency. Compared with optoelectronic THz emitters such as time-domain photoconductive switches, the photomixer is useful when a constant wave source is needed with high spectral brightness and narrow linewidth. The spectral region 30 — 1000 p/m lies beyond the capabilities of both solid-state optical sources on the short wavelength side and of electronic sources on the long wavelength side. Heterodyne measurements in this region can reveal the spectroscopic signatures of molecules that are important for atmospheric sensing and for astrophysical measurements. Recent advances in superconducting THz receivers [1. 21 have created a compelling need for a tunable sin g le-frequency local oscillator with output power > 1 p,W from roughly 1 to 2.5 THz.
Upregulation of AT1R and iNOS in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla (RVLM) Is Essential for the Sympathetic Hyperactivity and Hypertension in the 2K-1C Wistar Rat Model (2010)

The present study suggests that upregulation of AT(1)R and iNOS in the RVLM is important in the maintenance of high blood pressure and renal sympathetic activation in 2K-1C hypertension.
Activation of p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase in Spinal Microglia Contributes to Incision-induced Mechanical Allodynia (2008)

Plantar incision-induced mechanical allodynia can be prevented by the p38 inhibitor. Our results suggest that p38 activation in spinal microglia play a role in incision-induced mechanical allodynia in rats. Therefore, p38 inhibition may be useful in treating postsurgical pain.
ALIGNet: Partial-Shape Agnostic Alignment via Unsupervised Learning (2018)

The process of aligning a pair of shapes is a fundamental operation in computer graphics. Traditional approaches rely heavily on matching corresponding points or features to guide the alignment, a paradigm that falters when significant shape portions are missing. These techniques generally do not incorporate prior knowledge about expected shape characteristics, which can help compensate for any misleading cues left by inaccuracies exhibited in the input shapes. We present an approach based on a deep neural network, leveraging shape datasets to learn a shape-aware prior for source-to-target alignment that is robust to shape incompleteness. In the absence of ground truth alignments for supervision, we train a network on the task of shape alignment using incomplete shapes generated from full shapes for self-supervision. Our network, called ALIGNet, is trained to warp complete source shapes to incomplete targets, as if the target shapes were complete, thus essentially rendering the alignment partial-shape agnostic. We aim for the network to develop specialized expertise over the common characteristics of the shapes in each dataset, thereby achieving a higher-level understanding of the expected shape space to which a local approach would be oblivious. We constrain ALIGNet through an anisotropic total variation identity regularization to promote piecewise smooth deformation fields, facilitating both partial-shape agnosticism and post-deformation applications. We demonstrate that ALIGNet learns to align geometrically distinct shapes, and is able to infer plausible mappings even when the target shape is significantly incomplete. We show that our network learns the common expected characteristics of shape collections, without over-fitting or memorization, enabling it to produce plausible deformations on unseen data during test time.
Stromal cells of the human prostate: Initial isolation and characterization (1996)

The present study was conducted to isolate and to characterize stromal cells from the human prostate and to study the effects of androgen and different growth factors in this model system. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue samples were obtained from transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Tissue specimens were mechanically and enzymatically dissociated by treatment with DNAse and collagenase. Epithelial cells were separated from stromal cells by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation. The stromal cells obtained were cultured in phenol red-free RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that the stromal cell cultures were composed of both smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. The short and broad, smooth muscle cells wee identified by using an antibody directed against alpha-smooth muscle actin. The thin and elongated fibroblasts stained positively for prolyl 4-hydroxylase. Smooth muscle cells were the predominant cell type in the present investigation. Typical cultures contained up to 99% of cells staining positively for alpha-smooth muscle actin. The prostate smooth muscle cultures were treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT), bovine pituitary extract (BPE), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). When cells were cultured in serum free RPMI-1640 supplemented with ITS+ (insulin, transferrin, and selenious acid) no significant (P > 0.05) mitogenic effect in medium supplemented with ITS+. In the presence of 10% charcoal-stripped fetal bovine serum (cFBS) DHT, at a concentration of 0.1 nM, was able to cause a slight but significant (P < 0.05) mitogenic effect on BPH smooth muscle cells growth. Basic FGF was able to stimulate BPH smooth muscle cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. The combination of DHT and 0.1 ng/ml bFGF was able to increase the proliferation of prostate smooth muscle cells above either agents alone. Addition of BPE to serum free RPMI-1640 caused a significant (P < 0.05) stimulation of cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent fashion. Addition to TGF-beta to serum or BPE containing RPMI-1640 caused a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition to cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent fashion. TGF-beta was cytostatic to the benign prostatic smooth muscle cells only in the presence of media containing growth stimulating factors found in charcoal-stripped serum or in bovine pituitary extract. These results demonstrated that stromal fraction isolated from BPH specimens was composed of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. These cells could be cultured and were able to respond to various growth stimulatory and inhibitory agents.
Efficient three-dimensional capacitance calculation (1993)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1993.
Turbulence-Induced Tube Vibration in a Parallel Steam-Water Two-Phase Flow (1997)

Abstract This paper is concerned with the fluid force acting on a tube placed in a parallel steam-water two-phase flow. Based on experiments on the tube vibration induced by the turbulence of two-phase flow, the relationships between the hydrodynamic mass, damping ratio, excitation force, and the fluid flow conditions were evaluated. Mass flow rate, pressure, and void fraction were varied in the experiment to measure random vibration of the tube caused by turbulence in the stream. The hydrodynamic mass and damping ratio were derived by analyzing the vibration data. The excitation force was calculated using a transfer function to represent the relationship between the intensity and excitation force of the vibration given by random statistical theory. It was found that the hydrodynamic mass and damping ratio are little affected by the mass flow rate and pressure but are significantly affected by the void fraction and frequency. In contrast, the vibration excitation force is affected by the pressure as well as the effects of void fraction and frequency. The relationships between them were evaluated.
The synergistic effects of Al and Te on the structure and Li<sup>+</sup>-mobility of garnet-type solid electrolytes (2014)

The cubic garnet-type solid electrolyte Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> with aliovalent doping exhibits a high ionic conductivity.
Research on the health diagnosis module of large-scale clusters (2012)

A large number of low-level performance metrics include process, virtual and physical machine metrics that can be measured to identify a node or even a cluster health status. Traditionally, nodes in the cluster are monitored and managers need to analyze each metrics and alarming messages from monitoring tools to identify the health status of clusters. However, this process would cost too much time on some insignificant metrics and with less efficient because most clusters have more than hundreds nodes and it's impossible for one manager to check too much metrics in each nodes. In this work, we demonstrate that more time can be saved by simplify metrics set, scoring each nodes and diagnosis nodes health status by decision tree. Specially, this work first experimentally verifies and sorts the degree of relation between node health and different metrics. After that, we collect and score the training set by load increase testing. Thirdly, we construct a decision tree by training set. Finally, a health diagnosis module is composed by previous process, algorithm and decision tree. We evaluate the Health Diagnosis Module (HDM) on the Normal PC cluster. Experiments show that HDM can precise diagnose nodes and clusters' health status with more than 89% accuracy rate.
Effect of Operating Parameters on the Separation of Sugars by Nanofiltration (1998)

Due to the complexity of fermentation mixtures, separation of solutes and secondary substrates has a special importance. Membrane processes such as nanofiltration may offer good alternatives for the separation of fermentation products or recovery of substrates. For an efficient separation, the membrane type and operating parameters such as feed flow rate, operating pressure, and feed should be optimized. In this study the separation and recovery of sugars were targeted. It was found that with an increase of the feed flow rate, permeate flux increased since the effect of concentration polarization was minimized. As a result, experiments were carried out at the highest possible flow rate. The effect of pressure was studied at five pressures (10-50 bar). It was found that there is a linear relationship between the pressure and permeate flux up to 30 bars. Beyond 30 bars the effect of pressure became less significant. Thus, 30 bars was chosen as the operating pressure. To investigate the effect of concentration, 1 to 10 weight percentage sucrose and glucose solutions were utilized. It was observed that with an increase in concentration, permeate flux decreased and rejections increased, finally reaching a limiting value. Binary solutions of sucrose and glucose were also studied. It was seen that the separation factor slightly decreased, probably due to a glucose-sucrose interaction. Experimental data were used with a mathematical model to predict the permeate flux and rejection. Good agreement of the predicted results was obtained with the experimental data for a 500 MWCO membrane.
An Overview of Experimental Design (1991)

In experiments that examine the effects of chemicals on plant behavior, good design can overcome the difficulties imposed by limited resources. An appropriate design is one that obtains information about the interactions between and among factors, as well as the curvature, if any, in factor behavior. This paper outlines the chief concepts inherent in effective experimental design: purpose, objective, hypothesis, statistical power, treatment level determination, response variables, design structure, and replication.
Carbene Chemistry. (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbene Chemistry.G. L. ClossCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 16, 3791Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01094a060RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (205 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cell seeding density is a critical determinant for copolymer scaffolds‐induced bone regeneration (2015)

Constructs intended for bone tissue engineering (TE) are influenced by the initial cell seeding density. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) density loaded onto copolymer scaffolds on bone regeneration. BMSCs were harvested from rat's bone marrow and cultured in media with or without osteogenic supplements. Cells were seeded onto poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) [poly(LLA-co-CL)] scaffolds at two different densities: low density (1 × 10(6) cells/scaffold) or high density (2 × 10(6) cells/scaffold) using spinner modified flasks and examined after 1 and 3 weeks. Initial attachment and spread of BMSC onto the scaffolds was recorded by scanning electron microscopy. Cell proliferation was assessed by DNA quantification and cell differentiation by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerized chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR). Five-millimeter rat calvarial defects (24 defects in 12 rats) were implanted with scaffolds seeded with either low or high density expanded with or without osteogenic supplements. Osteogenic supplements significantly increased cell proliferation (p < 0.001). Scaffolds seeded at high cell density exhibited higher mRNA expressions of Runx2 p = 0.001, Col1 p = 0.001, BMP2 p < 0.001, BSP p < 0.001, and OC p = 0.013. More bone was formed in response to high cell seeding density (p = 0.023) and high seeding density with osteogenic medium (p = 0.038). Poly (LLA-co-CL) scaffolds could be appropriate candidates for bone TE. The optimal number of cells to be loaded onto scaffolds is critical for promoting Extracellular matrix synthesis and bone formation. Cell seeding density and osteogenic supplements may have a synergistic effect on the induction of new bone.
Modeling and performance evaluation of a DC/DC SEPIC converter (2002)

The use of the CC-PWM switch model for the average large and small-signal modeling of a current-programmed control DC-to-DC SEPIC converter, operating in the continuous conduction mode is presented. Derivation of the model and its use in the performance evaluation of a practical 5 V regulator are shown. Predicted simulation results are confirmed by measurements for both load transient and the loop-gain frequency response for stability conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analysis of a Gradient Algorithm for Simultaneous Passband Equalization and Carrier Phase Recovery (1976)

A two-dimensional receiver structure has been proposed, incorporating two innovations: passband equalization, which mitigates intersymbol interference, and data-directed carrier recovery and demodulation following equalization, which enables compensation of carrier frequency offset and phase jitter, but does not require transmission of a separate pilot tone with the data signal. The receiver is fully adaptive; the adjustment of the equalizer tap coefficients and of the estimate of the current channel phase shift is based on a gradient algorithm for jointly minimizing the mean squared error with respect to those parameters. In this paper, we analyze the dynamic behavior of the deterministic gradient algorithm (where channel parameters entering into the gradient expression are assumed known in advance). The corresponding estimated gradient algorithm (where these parameters are initially unknown) has previously been studied experimentally, but is not treated here. The first part of the present study concerns system start-up (or transient) response when the channel's phase shift is fixed. Examination of the analytical solution leads to the qualitative conclusion that, if the equalizer tap adaptation coefficient β is small relative to the phase-tracking coefficient α, the added phase estimation feature does not strongly affect the start-up behavior of the passband equalizer under typical operating conditions. Indeed, if the equalizer tap coefficients all start at zero, their evolution in the deterministic gradient algorithm is completely unaffected by the phase-tracking loop. The second situation analyzed is the steady-state response of the system to a constant carrier frequency offset. In this case, the phase-tracking loop is found to reduce the resulting rate of rotation of the equalizer taps to about β/(α + β) of the original frequency offset. As a result, the degradation in system mean squared error due to frequency offset is typically quite small. The final analysis is of the response of a linearized version of the receiver structure to sinusoidal phase jitter. When the channel's linear