gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of irregularly sampled discrete-time bandlimited signals with unknown sampling locations (2000)

The purpose of this paper is to develop methods that can reconstruct a bandlimited discrete-time signal from an irregular set of samples at unknown locations. We define a solution to the problem using first a geometric and then an algebraic point of view. We find the locations of the irregular set of samples by treating the problem as a combinatorial optimization problem. We employ an exhaustive method and two descent methods: the random search and cyclic coordinate methods. The numerical simulations were made on three types of irregular sets of locations: random sets; sets with jitter around a uniform set; and periodic nonuniform sets. Furthermore, for the periodic nonuniform set of locations, we develop a fast scheme that reduces the computational complexity of the problem by exploiting the periodic nonuniform structure of the sample locations in the DFT.
Network-centric warfare: impact on army operations (2002)

The American military foresees five new concepts emerging to guide the future operations of joint military forces. The first four are dominant maneuver, precision engagement, focused logistics, and full-dimensional protection. The fifth is information superiority-which will enable the first four concepts. This paper outlines these concepts and explains how the power of the network, through network-centric computing, is used to achieve information superiority. The paper conceptualizes information superiority as being achieved through three ad hoc grids: sensors, information, and shooters. These grids will coalesce as needed from existing resources: sensor platforms, computational nodes, weapons platforms, and communications links. These resources are intentionally designed to be pulled together to serve the Joint commander's needs, for an entire campaign or a single battle. Commanders will use the power of their vast information resources to engage and overwhelm the enemy through the exercise of all five operational concepts. The paper concludes with examples from Army tests and experiments showing how the power of information is changing the way battles are fought-and won.
The complex interactions of p53 with target DNA: we learn as we go (2003)

The most import biological function of the tumor suppressor p53 is that of a sequence-specific transactivator. In response to a variety of cellular stress stimuli, p53 induces the transcription of an ever-increasing number of target genes, leading to growth arrest and repair, or to apoptosis. Long considered as a "latent" DNA binder that requires prior activation by C-terminal modification, recent data provide strong evidence that the DNA binding activity of p53 is strongly dependent on structural features within the target DNA and is latent only if the target DNA lacks a certain structural signal code. In this review we discuss evidence for complex interactions of p53 with DNA, which are strongly dependent on the dynamics of DNA structure, especially in the context of chromatin. We provide a model of how this complexity may serve to achieve selectivity of target gene regulation by p53 and how DNA structure in the context of chromatin may serve to modulate p53 functions.
Experimental Study of Small Arterial Anastomosis with Gelatin‐Resorcin‐Formaldehyde Glue and Collagen Sheet (2001)

In cardiovascular surgery, the manual continuous suture has often been used for microvascular anastomosis, but the luminal irregularity often causes thrombotic stenosis in the anastomosis sites. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of the combined use of gelatin-resorcin-formaldehyde (GRF) glue and a collagen sheet for the anastomosis of small arteries 3 to 4 mm in diameter in experimental animals. End-to-end anastomoses of the carotid and femoral arteries of mongrel dogs were carried out with the combined use of GRF glue and collagen sheet. The physical strength of the anastomosis, the histopathologic condition of the vassels, and the absorptivity and the inflammatory response of the glue were evaluated. The physical strength of the anastomosis sites was good and their flexibility optimal, the smooth luminal surface appeared excellent for preventing thrombotic stenosis in all follow-up periods, and the glue was absorbed almost completely within 12 weeks postoperatively. The combined use of GRF glue and collagen sheet would be feasible for the anastomosis of small arteries 3 to 4 mm in diameter and could substitute for the conventional suture method.
Classification systems based on neural networks (2002)

Classification is a problem that appears in many real life applications. We describe the general case of multi-class classification, where the task of the classification system is to map an input vector x to one of K>2 given classes. This problem is split in many two-class classification problems, each of them describing a part of the whole problem. These are solved by neural networks, producing an intermediate output in a reference space, which is then decoded to the solution of the original problem. The methods described here are then applied to the handwritten character recognition problem to produce the results described later in the article. It is suspected that they also may be applied successfully in the context of the CNN paradigm and be implemented on a CNN-Universal Machine.
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Flavopiridol Potentiates Doxorubicin Efficacy in Advanced Sarcomas: Preclinical Investigations and Results of a Phase I Dose-Escalation Clinical Trial (2012)

The sequential combination of doxorubicin followed by flavopiridol is well tolerated on both schedules. Disease control was observed in well- and dedifferentiated liposarcoma specifically, a disease in which CDK4 is known to be amplified.
A watermarking system for IP protection by a post layout incremental router (2005)

In this paper, we introduce a new watermarking system for IP protection on post-layout design phase. Firstly the copyright is encrypted by DES (data encryption standard) and then embedded by using an incremental router into the layout design. This watermarking technique uniquely identifies the circuit origin, yet is difficult to be detected or fabricated. The incremental router consists of a rip-up and a special re-router that inserts redundant bends into wires probabilistic. We evaluated the technique on various generated benchmark circuits to validate the completeness of the procedure. The results show it achieves almost 100% success for embedding with no extra area cost on design performances.
Resolution of X‐Ray Intensifying Screens (1975)

The purpose of this study is to experimentally explore the dependence of the speed and resolution of radiographs on the thickness and phosphor packing density of rare earth oxysulfide intensifying screens. The quantitative dependence of resolution on the following parameters is also discussed: the wavelength of the emitted light, the presence of a reflective backing, the concentration of dye in the binder, and the use of double screens and filmvs. single screens and film. It is found that a trade‐off exists between speed and resolution for variation of screen thickness, the placement of a reflective backing on the screen, and dye in the binder, and the use of double screens and film. The green‐emitted light gives a slight, but usually negligible decrease in resolution over blue‐emitted light. Increased packing density increases the speed with little or no sacrifice of resolution.
An Evaluation of Holland's Model of Vocational Interests for Chicana(o) and Latina(o) College Students (1999)

In this study the authors examined the applicability of Holland's hexagonal model of interests to Chicana(o)/Latina(o) samples using multidimensional scaling and a test of the hypothesized order relations.
Motivational Readiness for Change: Diet, Exercise, and Smoking (1998)

Objective: To examine the relationship between level of motivational readiness for changing exercise behavior and motivation to change dietary behavior and smoking status. Methods: Sedentary men and women (n=194) were recruited via newspaper advertisements to participate in a self-help physical activity promotion intervention. Self-report of motivational readiness for changing exercise and dietary behaviors, smoking status, and demographic variables was assessed at baseline via mailed questionnaires. Resuits: Readiness to adopt physical activity was positively associated with readiness to reduce dietary fat and with other healthy dietary behaviors, but was not differentially associated with readiness to quit smoking. Conclusion: Motivational readiness to change health behaviors appears to share correspondence across some, but not all health behaviors.
Ionotropic and metabotropic activation of a neuronal chloride channel by serotonin and dopamine in the leech <i>Hirudo medicinalis</i> (1998)

1. Cl- channels on the pressure-sensitive (P) neuron in the leech are directly activated by synaptic release of serotonin (5-HT) and are indirectly stimulated by the cAMP second messenger pathway, suggesting an unusual dual regulation of the channels. We have investigated the mode of action of 5-HT and dopamine (DA) on a Cl- channel in adult P cells in culture by recording from cell-attached patches. 2. 5-HT increased Cl- channel activity only when included in the recording pipette and not when applied in the bath. 3. Pipette or, more effectively, bath application of DA led to an increase in Cl- channel activity. This effect was blocked by the potent and specific dopaminergic (DA1) receptor blocker, SCH-23390. 4. The stimulation by DA, but not by 5-HT, was also blocked by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor Rp-cAMP and was mimicked by the membrane-permeant cAMP analogue dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP). 5. Our results show that 5-HT directly gates a Cl- channel that is also activated by DA via the cAMP pathway. This study demonstrates that a ligand-gated channel can be independently operated by another transmitter acting via a second messenger pathway.
Fluxless Bonding of Silicon to Ag–Copper Using In–Ag With Two UBM Designs (2008)

A fluxless process of bonding silicon to Ag-cladded copper using electroplated In-Ag multilayer structure is developed. The Ag cladding on the copper substrate is a stress buffer to deal with the large mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between semiconductors such as Si (3 ppm/degC) and Cu (17 ppm/degC). To manufacture Ag on copper substrate, two techniques are developed. The first is an electroplating process to fabricate a thick Ag layer. The second technique is a novel laminating process that bonds Ag foil directly on Cu substrate. On Si chips, two underbump metallurgy (UBM) structures are designed, Si/Cr/Au and Si/Cr/Ni/Au. To produce a solder layer, Si chips are electroplated with In followed by thin Ag. The thin Ag cap layer prevents oxidation of the inner In region. To achieve a fluxless feature, the bonding process is performed in a vacuum environment (50 mtorrs) to suppress indium oxidation. Compared to bonding in air, the oxygen content is reduced by a factor of 15 200. Using Cr/Au UBM structure, the silicon chip was detached from Cu substrate. The broken interface lies between Si/Cr and Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> In IMC on Cu substrate. Using a new UBM design of Si/Cr/Ni/Au, high-quality joints are produced that comprise of three distinct layers of In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub> Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> In , and Ag. Microstructure and composition of the joints are studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).
Low-Intensity Transcranial Current Stimulation in Psychiatry (2017)

Neurostimulation is rapidly emerging as an important treatment modality for psychiatric disorders. One of the fastest-growing and least-regulated approaches to noninvasive therapeutic stimulation involves the application of weak electrical currents. Widespread enthusiasm for low-intensity transcranial electrical current stimulation (tCS) is reflected by the recent surge in direct-to-consumer device marketing, do-it-yourself enthusiasm, and an escalating number of clinical trials. In the wake of this rapid growth, clinicians may lack sufficient information about tCS to inform their clinical practices. Interpretation of tCS clinical trial data is aided by familiarity with basic neurophysiological principles, potential mechanisms of action of tCS, and the complicated regulatory history governing tCS devices. A growing literature includes randomized controlled trials of tCS for major depression, schizophrenia, cognitive disorders, and substance use disorders. The relative ease of use and abundant access to tCS may represent a broad-reaching and important advance for future mental health care. Evidence supports application of one type of tCS, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), for major depression. However, tDCS devices do not have regulatory approval for treating medical disorders, evidence is largely inconclusive for other therapeutic areas, and their use is associated with some physical and psychiatric risks. One unexpected finding to arise from this review is that the use of cranial electrotherapy stimulation devices-the only category of tCS devices cleared for use in psychiatric disorders-is supported by low-quality evidence.
Effect of Sustained Nocturnal Transbuccal Melatonin Administration on Sleep and Temperature in Elderly Insomniacs (1998)

Previous research has suggested a role for the pineal hormone melatonin in the control of the body's sleep-wake and thermoregulatory systems. In the elderly population, there have been reports of decreased nighttime secretion of melatonin and suggestions that this may, in turn, be responsible for the increased incidence of sleep disorders reported by this age group. On this basis, it has been suggested that augmented nocturnal melatonin levels may improve sleep quality in age-related sleep disorders. Following screening assessments, 12 elderly (> 55 years) subjects with sleep maintenance insomnia were treated with either 0.5 mg transbuccal melatonin or a placebo for two sessions of 4 consecutive nights, at least 3 days apart. Subjects self-selected lights-out times, and sleep was assessed using standard polysomnographic (PSG) measures. Body temperature was measured continually from 2100 to 0700 h, and sleep quality was assessed from PSG variables measured. Nightly urine samples were assayed for the melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxy-melatonin (aMT.6S). Compared to the placebo, transbuccal melatonin administration significantly increased mean nocturnal aMT.6S excretion (mean +/- SEM: 194.2 +/- 16.5 vs. 42.5 +/- 7.7 nmol). In addition, there was a significant reduction in core body temperature relative to the placebo condition (p < .05). However, sustained transbuccal melatonin treatment had no positive significant effect on any PSG measure of sleep quality. The results from the present study suggest that sustained nocturnal administration of melatonin, in the low pharmacological range, might be of limited clinical benefit in this subject population.
P-glycoprotein (MDR1) Expression in Leukemic Cells Is Regulated at Two Distinct Steps, mRNA Stabilization and Translational Initiation (2003)

Multidrug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia is often conferred by overexpression of P-glycoprotein, encoded by the MDR1 gene. We have characterized the key regulatory steps in the development of multidrug resistance in K562 myelogenous leukemic cells. Unexpectedly, up-regulation of MDR1 levels was not due to transcriptional activation but was achieved at two distinct post-transcriptional steps, mRNA turnover and translational regulation. The short-lived (half-life 1 h) MDR1 mRNA of naive cells (not exposed to drugs) was stabilized (half-life greater than 10 h) following short-term drug exposure. However, this stabilized mRNA was not associated with translating polyribosomes and did not direct P-glycoprotein synthesis. Selection for drug resistance, by long-term exposure to drug, led to resistant lines in which the translational block was overcome such that the stabilized mRNA was translated and P-glycoprotein expressed. The absence of a correlation between steady-state MDR1 mRNA and P-glycoprotein levels was not restricted to K562 cells but was found in other lymphoid cell lines. These findings have implications for the avoidance or reversal of multidrug resistance in the clinic.
Electron capture dissociation of polypeptides in a three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap: Implementation and first results (2004)

The adverse influence of the radio frequency (RF) voltage on electrons has been the main obstacle for the implementation of electron capture dissociation (ECD) in three-dimensional quadrupole ion traps (3D QITs). Here we demonstrate that the use of axial magnetic field, together with the injection of low-energy (<5 eV) electrons, in the beginning of the positive RF semi-period achieves trapping of electrons for a period of time comparable with the semi-period duration. Importantly, the energy of the electrons remains low during most of the trapping period. With this technique, which we call "magnetized electrons, in-phase injection" (MEPhI), ECD and other ion-electron reactions have become possible in a 3D QIT. Initial ECD results, including single-scan data, were obtained with dications of Substance P. The observed secondary fragmentation of ECD fragments indicates that the trapped electrons are still somewhat hotter than desired.
Monolayers having large in-plane dipole moments: characterization of sulfone-containing self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on gold by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and wetting (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonolayers having large in-plane dipole moments: characterization of sulfone-containing self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols on gold by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and wettingStephen D. Evans, Kim E. Goppert-Berarducci, Edward Urankar, Louis J. Gerenser, Abraham Ulman, and R. G. SnyderCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 11, 2700–2709Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/la00059a050RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views449Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A NEW ACCURATE VOLTERRA-BASED MODEL FOR BEHAVIORAL MODELING AND DIGITAL PREDISTORTION OF RF POWER AMPLIFIERS (2012)

A new accurate Volterra-based model is introduced for behavioral modeling and digital predistortion (DPD) of power ampliflers (PAs). This model extends the GMP model with speciflc cross terms, and these augmented terms signiflcantly increase the model's performance. The proposed model's performance is assessed using a LDMOS Doherty PA driven by two modulated signals (a 4-carrier WCDMA signal and a single carrier 16QAM signal). The experimental results in both behavioral modeling and DPD applications demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the hybrid memory polynomial-envelope memory polynomial (HME) model and generalized memory polynomial (GMP) model. Compared with the HME model, the proposed model shows an average normalized mean square error (NMSE) improvement of 2.2dB in the behavioral modeling, average adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) improvement of 2.8/2.5dB in the DPD application, and 20% reduction in the number of coe-cients. In comparison with the GMP model, the proposed model achieves higher model accuracy and better DPD performance, but reduces approximately 40% of coe-cients.
Citrullination: a small change for a protein with great consequences for rheumatoid arthritis. (2000)

A new autoantibody activity, which is almost 100% specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), has been found. The essential part of the B-cell epitope is a modified form of arginine (ie citrulline). The conversion of protein-contained arginine to citrulline is an enzymatic process that is carried out by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD), an enzyme that appears to be hormonally controlled. Because of its remarkable specificity, citrullination and related processes might open new possibilities for studying the aetiology of RA.
Field-effect probe for work function measurements (1989)

A novel instrument under development for the measurement of work functions, which utilises a semiconductor field-effect probe, is presented. The instrument is intended to provide a simple, non-mechanical and non-intrusive method for measuring work functions that can operate in liquids, in vacuo or at high pressures.
Light‐Responsive Helical Polypeptides Capable of Reducing Toxicity and Unpacking DNA: Toward Nonviral Gene Delivery (2013)

Gene delivery vehicles: Helical, cationic polypeptides with light-responsive domains showed potent membrane activity and promoted efficient cellular internalization of DNA (see picture). After transfection, a light trigger induces protecting-group removal to expose anionic carboxylate groups. The reduced cationic charge and helix distortion of the polypeptides result in enhanced DNA unpacking and reduced material toxicity because of the eliminated membrane activity.
BOUNCE: Sentiment Classification in Twitter using Rich Feature Sets (2013)

The widespread use of Twitter makes it very interesting to determine the opinions and the sentiments expressed by its users. The shortness of the length and the highly informal nature of tweets render it very difficult to automatically detect such information. This paper reports the results to a challenge, set forth by SemEval-2013 Task 2, to determine the positive, neutral, or negative sentiments of tweets. Two systems are explained: System A for determining the sentiment of a phrase within a tweet and System B for determining the sentiment of a tweet. Both approaches rely on rich feature sets, which are explained in detail. 1