gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional induction of IFN-γ-responsive genes is modulated by DNA surrounding the interferon stimulation response element (1992)

The 9/27 and GBP mRNAs are both inducible by Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The promoters of both genes contain an Interferon Stimulation Response Element (ISRE), but while the GBP gene is strongly induced transcriptionally by IFN-gamma the response of the 9/27 promoter is very weak. We investigated the molecular basis for this difference. The different IFN-gamma-responsiveness was found to have more than one reason. First, 9/27 promoter DNA was unable to bind the Gamma Interferon Activation Factor (GAF) with a single high affinity site. It efficiently competed for the association of the GAF with the GBP promoter but this competition was due to the presence of two low affinity sites, the ISRE and an ISRE-like sequence, suggesting that the GAS and ISRE, though both having clear preferences for specific proteins, may nevertheless share a certain degree of structural homology. Second, the 9/27 and GBP ISREs differed markedly in their affinities for regulatory proteins (ISGFs 1,2,3) and the GBP ISRE was more potent in mediating IFN-gamma-induced promoter activity in transient transfection. Third and most importantly, however, the strong difference between the IFN-gamma response of the two promoters was mainly due to the sequences surrounding the ISRE: the positive-acting GAS on one side and sequences with silencing properties 5' and 3' of the 9/27 ISRE on the other side. The data thus show mechanisms to both up- and down-regulate the activity of the ISRE.
Abstract 4767: C6 ceramide sensitizes multiple aggressive pancreatic cancer cell lines to gemcitabine, paclitaxel and cetuximab mediated anti tumor effects <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma continues to be a highly lethal malignancy (5 yr survival 5%) poorly responsive to all chemo radiation therapies, with only modest improvement with Gemcitabine the current “main line” drug. We have previously demonstrated the C6 Ceramide chemo enhancement of Gemcitabine and other pancreatic chemo agents. The current study explores the mechanism of C6 Ceramide effects on pancreatic chemo resistance pathways – pro-survival and ras-signaling in pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: In vivo: 2-3 month SCID male mice with pancreatic (pan) tumor implants (2 × 106 L3.6 cells) received intraperitoneal (I.P.) injections (3x/wk) of Paclitaxel (Pax) (3.0mg/gm), Gemcitabine (Gem, 10mg/gm) with/without C6 ceramide (10mg/ml) and were observed 6 weeks and tumor response/survival recorded. In vitro: Drug dose Pax 3 ug/ml, Gem 3 ug/ml, C6 Ceramide 10 ug/ml. The MTT anti tumor response was measured in 3 pancreatic lines L3.6, PANC-1, and MIA (Kras mutated). Signaling activation by Western blot utilized antibodies: LY294002, and Wortmannin to block PI3K/AKT pathway, U0126 and PD 98059 to block ERK pathway and Rapamycin to block mTORC1 pathway. Results: Combined therapy with C6 Ceramide induced significant inhibition of exponential tumor growth and prolonged survival by Gem and Pax. Administration of Gem or Pax with C6 Ceramide induced a significant increase in cell death and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells (L3.6, PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2) which were associated with inhibiting perturbations of cell signaling pathways including pro-survival PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and ERK/MAPK, Ras signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition with specific signaling pathway inhibitors enhanced cytotoxicity by Gem or Pax, suggesting that survival pathway inhibition might be the key mechanism contributing to C6 Ceramide synergism of Pax or Gem anti-tumor effects. We also showed C6 ceramide potentiation of Cetuximab anti tumor effects on Kras mutant MIA cells thus overcoming (EGFR mAb) resistance by inhibiting pro-survival PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and bypassing K-RAS mutant Ras-ERK pathways. Conclusion: C6 Ceramide an apoptosis signal potentiates the anti tumor effects of chemo agents Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel and the biologic EGFR Inhibitor Cetuximab against 3 aggressive pancreatic cancer cell lines by apparent inhibition of the pro-survival PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and the Kras mutated ERK/MAPK pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4767. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4767
Obituaries of F.S.A.s (1939)

Journal Article Obituaries of F.S.A.s Get access X. Y. Z. X. Y. Z. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 176, Issue 11, 18 March 1939, Page 192, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/176.11.192b Published: 18 March 1939
Overcoming the Slow Recovery of MOX Gas Sensors through a System Modeling Approach (2012)

Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOX) gas transducers are one of the preferable technologies to build electronic noses because of their high sensitivity and low price. In this paper we present an approach to overcome to a certain extent one of their major disadvantages: their slow recovery time (tens of seconds), which limits their suitability to applications where the sensor is exposed to rapid changes of the gas concentration. Our proposal consists of exploiting a double first-order model of the MOX-based sensor from which a steady-state output is anticipated in real time given measurements of the transient state signal. This approach assumes that the nature of the volatile is known and requires a precalibration of the system time constants for each substance, an issue that is also described in the paper. The applicability of the proposed approach is validated with several experiments in real, uncontrolled scenarios with a mobile robot bearing an e-nose.
Association of SULT1A1 and UGT1A1 polymorphisms with breast cancer phenotypes and the age of onset (2004)

4492 Estrogens have been shown to play a significant role in breast cancer development. SULT1A1 and UGT1A1 proteins participate in estrogen metabolism and thus influence the risk of breast cancer. Both SULT1A1 and UGT1A1 genes are known to be polymorphic. A transition in SULT1A1 of G to A at codon 213 causes Arg to His amino acid substitution (SULT1A1*2 allele) and results in an enzyme with low activity. This allele is common with a frequency of about 30% in Caucasian Americans, Caucasian Europeans, African Americans and Africans. The most common UGT1A1 polymorphism lies within the promoter TATA-box. 6 TA repeats (UGT1A1*1 allele) is the most common allelic variant. It was demonstrated that transcript level is inversely proportional to the number of TA repeats within the UGT1A1 promoter TATA box. We hypothesized that individuals with variant capacity to metabolize estrogens will exhibit different tumor phenotypes and age of breast cancer onset. This hypothesis was investigated in a case-series study performed in a cohort of 190 Caucasian and 25 African-American women of 49-80 years old with breast cancer. SULT1A1 and UGT1A1 genotypes were determined using Pyrosequencing and Genescan techniques, respectively, and genotype-phenotype associations were analyzed with the Odds Ratio test. We found that the SULT1A1*1 homozygous genotype was associated with a tumor size
A cold shortening effect in beef muscles (1963)

Abstract Isolated fresh beef muscles have been found to shorten more at 2° than at 37°. Minimum shortening occurs in the temperature region of 14–19°. At higher temperatures shortening coincides with the onset of rigor mortis but at low temperatures it begins rapidly and usually immediately. This shortening is reversible. Three different beef muscles show this effect but two rabbit muscles do not.
Induction of Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis in Cultured Cells by the Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus (2001)

Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the causative agent of chicken infectious bronchitis, an acute, highly contagious viral respiratory disease. Replication of IBV in Vero cells causes extensive cytopathic effects (CPE), leading to destruction of the entire monolayer and the death of infected cells. In this study, we investigated the cell death processes during acute IBV infection and the underlying mechanisms. The results show that both necrosis and apoptosis may contribute to the death of infected cells in lytic IBV infection. Caspase-dependent apoptosis, as characterized by chromosomal condensation, DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase degradation, was detected in IBV-infected Vero cells. Addition of the general caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK to the culture media showed inhibition of the hallmarks of apoptosis and increase of the release of virus to the culture media at 16 h postinfection. However, neither the necrotic process nor the productive replication of IBV in Vero cells was severely affected by the inhibition of apoptosis. Screening of 11 IBV-encoded proteins suggested that a 58-kDa mature cleavage product could induce apoptotic changes in cells transiently expressing the protein. This study adds one more example to the growing list of animal viruses that induce apoptosis during their replication cycles.
Tyrosinase Inhibitor from Black Rice Bran (2003)

The inhibitor of tyrosinase activity in black rice bran was investigated. The methanol extract from black rice bran was re-extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, or water. The ethyl acetate extract had the most potent inhibition against tyrosinase activity by 80.5% at a concentration of 0.4 mg/mL. Inhibitory compound in the ethyl acetate fraction was isolated by silica gel column chromatography, and identified as protocatechuic acid methyl ester (compound 1) by GC, GC-MS, IR, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Compound 1 inhibited 75.4% of tyrosinase activity at a concentration of 0.50 micromol/mL. ID(50) (50% inhibition dose) value of compound 1 was 0.28 micromol/mL. To study the structure-activity relationship, protocatechuic acid (2), vanillic acid (3), vanillic acid methyl ester (4), isovanillic acid (5), isovanillic acid methyl ester (6), veratric acid (7), and veratric acid methyl ester (8) were also assayed.
Fructose Uptake in <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> Is Mediated by a High-Affinity ATP-Binding Cassette Transport System (2001)

By transposon mutagenesis, we have isolated a mutant of Sinorhizobium meliloti which is totally unable to grow on fructose as sole carbon source as a consequence of its inability to transport this sugar. The cloning and sequencing analysis of the chromosomal DNA region flanking the TnphoA insertion revealed the presence of six open reading frames (ORFs) organized in two loci, frcRS and frcBCAK, transcribed divergently. The frcBCA genes encode the characteristic components of an ATP-binding cassette transporter (FrcB, a periplasmic substrate binding protein, FrcC, an integral membrane permease, and FrcA, an ATP-binding cytoplasmic protein), which is the unique high-affinity (K(m) of 6 microM) fructose uptake system in S. meliloti. The FrcK protein shows homology with some kinases, while FrcR is probably a transcriptional regulator of the repressor-ORF-kinase family. The expression of S. meliloti frcBCAK in Escherichia coli, which transports fructose only via the phosphotransferase system, resulted in the detection of a periplasmic fructose binding activity, demonstrating that FrcB is the binding protein of the Frc transporter. The analysis of substrate specificities revealed that the Frc system is also a high-affinity transporter for ribose and mannose, which are both fructose competitors for the binding to the periplasmic FrcB protein. However, the Frc mutant was still able to grow on these sugars as sole carbon source, demonstrating the presence of at least one other uptake system for mannose and ribose in S. meliloti. The expression of the frcBC genes as determined by measurements of alkaline phosphatase activity was shown to be induced by mannitol and fructose, but not by mannose, ribose, glucose, or succinate, suggesting that the Frc system is primarily targeted towards fructose. Neither Nod nor Fix phenotypes were impared in the TnphoA mutant, demonstrating that fructose uptake is not essential for nodulation and nitrogen fixation, although FrcB protein is expressed in bacteroids isolated from alfalfa nodulated by S. meliloti wild-type strains.
Allenylidene‐to‐Indenylidene Rearrangement in Arene—Ruthenium Complexes: A Key Step to Highly Active Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis Reactions. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pneumatic Microvalve-Based Hydrodynamic Sample Injection for High-Throughput, Quantitative Zone Electrophoresis in Capillaries (2014)

A hybrid microchip/capillary electrophoresis (CE) system was developed to allow unbiased and lossless sample loading and high-throughput repeated injections. This new hybrid CE system consists of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchip sample injector featuring a pneumatic microvalve that separates a sample introduction channel from a short sample loading channel, and a fused-silica capillary separation column that connects seamlessly to the sample loading channel. The sample introduction channel is pressurized such that when the pneumatic microvalve opens briefly, a variable-volume sample plug is introduced into the loading channel. A high voltage for CE separation is continuously applied across the loading channel and the fused-silica capillary separation column. Analytes are rapidly separated in the fused-silica capillary, and following separation, high-sensitivity MS detection is accomplished via a sheathless CE/ESI-MS interface. The performance evaluation of the complete CE/ESI-MS platform demonstrated that reproducible sample injection with well controlled sample plug volumes could be achieved by using the PDMS microchip injector. The absence of band broadening from microchip to capillary indicated a minimum dead volume at the junction. The capabilities of the new CE/ESI-MS platform in performing high-throughput and quantitative sample analyses were demonstrated by the repeated sample injection without interrupting an ongoing separation and a linear dependence of the total analyte ion abundance on the sample plug volume using a mixture of peptide standards. The separation efficiency of the new platform was also evaluated systematically at different sample injection times, flow rates, and CE separation voltages.
Electronic Equalization for Advanced Modulation Formats in Dispersion-Limited Systems (2004)

We investigate in this letter the use of electronic equalization on dispersion-limited systems for different modulation formats. Besides analyzing equalization on standard nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) intensity modulation as a reference, we focus on two advanced modulation formats, duobinary (DB) and differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) which are recently gaining a lot of attention. We demonstrate that the introduction of an electronic equalizer strongly improves standard NRZ performance, whereas, it has a limited effect on DB and DPSK formats. Moreover, we give rules for the optimal choice of the equalizer transversal filter parameters, i.e., the number of taps and the delay between taps.
Driving Fully-Adiabatic Logic Circuits Using Custom High-Q MEMS Resonators. (2004)

To perform digital logic in CMOS in a truly adiabatic (asymptotically thermodynamically reversible) fashion requires that logic transitions be driven by a quasitrapezoidal (flat-topped) power-clock voltage waveform, which must be generated by a resonant element with a very high Q (quality factor). Recently, MEMS resonators have attained very high frequencies and Q factors, and are becoming widely used in communications SoCs for RF signal filtering, amplification, etc. In the ADIAMEMS project at the University of Florida, we are designing custom MEMS resonators for driving fully-adiabatic pipelined logic based on the 2LAL (two-level adiabatic logic) family previously developed at UF. The resonator design is being optimized to maximize its effective Q factor and area efficiency, at a frequency chosen to maximize the powerperformance advantage of the adiabatic logic. Our analyses indicate that the adiabatic approach will eventually lead to orders-of-magnitude improvements in power-performance and even cost-performance, compared to competing approaches, for all power-limited applications. As competitive pressures drive down device costs, power dissipation will increasingly become the limiting factor on performance for most computing applications, and the advantages of the adiabatic approach will become ever greater.
Confronting a Toxic Blowback From the Electronics Trade (2009)

The processing of electronic waste in China may create problems that dwarf other cases of environmental contamination, scientists argued at a symposium on flame-retardants in Beijing on 22 August.
Original structures of beaches, bars, and dunes (1937)

Research Article| June 01, 1937 Original structures of beaches, bars, and dunes WARREN O. THOMPSON WARREN O. THOMPSON Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (1937) 48 (6): 723–752. https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-48-723 Article history received: 07 May 1935 first online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation WARREN O. THOMPSON; Original structures of beaches, bars, and dunes. GSA Bulletin 1937;; 48 (6): 723–752. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-48-723 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract INTRODUCTIONGENERAL STATEMENTThis paper presents, in detail, facts about original structures of modern beaches, bars, and dunes, and stresses especially their stratification. It attempts also to formulate criteria for recognition of ancient bars, dunes, and stratified beaches that lack organic remains, which might reveal the origin of the deposits.For more than a century, the subject has been dealt with by numerous writers but little order has been brought out of the confusion. It is hoped that by very detailed studies of the formation of modern beaches, bars, and dunes a better means of interpreting these deposits may be worked out.The writer spent nearly a year along the coast of California, between San Francisco and San Diego, examining various deposits, some of which are modern beaches, and others contain fossils indicative of ancient beaches. In addition, beaches and bars of lakes, as well as eolian deposits, were examined . . . This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this article.
Cyclic energy harvesting from pyroelectric materials (2011)

A method of continuously harvesting energy from pyroelectric materials is demonstrated using an innovative cyclic heating scheme. In traditional pyroelectric energy harvesting methods, static heating sources are used, and most of the available energy has to be harvested at once. A cyclic heating system is developed such that the temperature varies between hot and cold regions. Although the energy harvested during each period of the heating cycle is small, the accumulated total energy over time may exceed traditional methods. Three materials are studied: a commonly available soft lead zirconate titanate (PZT), a pre-stressed PZT composite, and single-crystal PMN-30PT. Radiation heating and natural cooling are used such that, at smaller cyclic frequencies, the temporal rate of change in temperature is large enough to produce high power densities. The maximum power density of 8.64 μW/cm3 is generated with a PMN-30PT single crystal at an angular velocity of 0.64 rad/s with a rate of 8.5°C/s. The pre-stressed PZT composite generated a power density of 6.31 μW/cm(3), which is 40% larger than the density of 4.48 μW/cm3 obtained from standard PZT.
Templated Growth of Covalently Bonded Three‐Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Networks Originated from Graphene (2012)

A template-assisted method that enables the growth of covalently bonded three-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) originating from graphene at a large scale is demonstrated. Atomic force microscopy-based mechanical tests show that the covalently bonded CNT structure can effectively distribute external loading throughout the network to improve the mechanical strength of the material.
Production and detailed characterization of biologically active olive pollen allergen Ole e 1 secreted by the yeast <i>Pichia pastoris</i> (1999)

The glycoprotein Ole e 1 is a significant aeroallergen from the olive tree (Olea europaea) pollen, with great clinical relevance in the Mediterranean area. To produce a biologically active form of recombinant Ole e 1, heterologous expression in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris was carried out. A cDNA encoding Ole e 1, fused to a Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mating factor prepropeptide using the pPIC9 vector, was inserted into the yeast genome under the control of the AOX1 promoter. After induction with methanol, the protein secreted into the extracellular medium was purified by ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. The structure of the isolated recombinant Ole e 1 was determined by chemical and spectroscopic techniques, and its immunological properties analysed by blotting and ELISA inhibition with Ole e 1-specific monoclonal antibodies and IgE from sera of allergic patients. The allergen was produced at a yield of 60 mg per litre of culture as a homogeneous glycosylated protein of around 18.5 kDa. Recombinant Ole e 1 appears to be properly folded, as it displays spectroscopic properties (CD and fluorescence) and immunological reactivities (IgG binding to monoclonal antibodies sensitive to denaturation and IgE from sera of allergic patients) indistinguishable from those of the natural protein. This approach gives high-yield production of homogeneous and biologically active allergen, which should be useful for scientific and clinical purposes.
Preliminary Characterization of Novel Amino Acid Based Polymeric Vesicles as Gene and Drug Delivery Agents (2000)

The amino acid homopolymers, poly-L-lysine and poly-L-ornithine, have been modified by the covalent attachment of palmitoyl and methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) residues to produce a new class of amphiphilic polymers-PLP and POP, respectively. These amphiphilic amino acid based polymers have been found to assemble into polymeric vesicles in the presence of cholesterol. Representatives of this new class of polymeric vesicles have been evaluated in vitro as nonviral gene delivery systems with a view to finding delivery systems that combine effective gene expression with low toxicity in vivo. In addition, the drug-carrying capacity of these polymeric vesicles was evaluated with the model drug doxorubicin. Chemical characterization of the modified polymers was carried out using (1)H NMR spectroscopy and the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) assay for amino groups. The amphiphilic polymers were found to have an unreacted amino acid, palmitoyl, mPEG ratio of 11:5:1, and polymeric vesicle formation was confirmed by freeze-fracture electron microscopy and drug encapsulation studies. The resulting polymeric vesicles, by virtue of the mPEG groups, bear a near neutral zeta-potential. In vitro biological testing revealed that POP and PLP vesicle-DNA complexes are about one to 2 orders of magnitude less cytotoxic than the parent polymer-DNA complexes although more haemolytic than the parent polymer-DNA complexes. The polymeric vesicles condense DNA at a polymer:DNA weight ratio of 5:1 or greater and the polymeric vesicle-DNA complexes improved gene transfer to human tumor cell lines in comparison to the parent homopolymers despite the absence of receptor specific ligands and lysosomotropic agents such as chloroquine.