gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dietary fructose intolerance: diet modification can impact self-rated health and symptom control. (2005)

Carbohydrate intolerance to lactose is widely accepted as a cause of gastrointestinal symptoms, but controversy persists on how important dietary fructose intolerance (DFI) is in causing gastrointestinal pain and suffering and if an elimination diet can control the presenting complaints. The objective of this study was to identify a group of well-defined DFI patients and explore whether dietary education followed by dietary compliance could control symptoms and improve quality of life. During a 5-year period, patients referred to a pancreato-biliary clinic were evaluated for dietary carbohydrate intolerances if they presented with gastrointestinal pain and/or gas and/or bloating and/or diarrhea. Patients were tested with a standardized mixture of glucose, fructose, and lactose diluted in sterile water. End-expiratory breath samples were collected for hydrogen and methane measurement. Symptoms were scored using a 9-point symptom questionnaire. The patients underwent in-depth education by a dietician, and were provided with access to a cookbook, a newsletter, and a support group. A dietary questionnaire was used to evaluate compliance with the fructose-restricted diet. DFI can cause significant gastrointestinal symptoms that may not respond to medications or surgical interventions. Symptoms can improve and self-rated health does improve in DFI patients willing to adhere to a low fructose diet.
Sozialpolitik (1992)

Sozialpolitik im engeren Sinne — die in diesem Beitrag im Zentrum steht — ist die Bezeichnung für institutionelle, politisch-prozessuale und entscheidungsinhaltliche Dimensionen verbindlicher Regelungen der sozialen Sicherheit durch Staat, Verbände, Betriebe und Verwandtschafts- und familiäre Systeme, während zur Sozialpolitik im weiteren Sinne zusätzlich die Gestaltung der Arbeitsordnung zählt.
Structural and electrical properties of catalyst-free Si-doped InAs nanowires formed on Si(111) (2015)

We report structural and electrical properties of catalyst-free Si-doped InAs nanowires (NWs) formed on Si(111) substrates. The average diameter of Si-doped InAs NWs was almost similar to that of undoped NWs with a slight increase in height. In the previous works, the shape and size of InAs NWs formed on metallic catalysts or patterned structures were significantly changed by introducing dopants. Even though the external shape and size of the Si-doped NWs in this work were not changed, crystal structures inside the NWs were significantly changed. For the undoped InAs NWs, both zincblende (ZB) and wurzite (WZ) structures were observed in transmission-electron microscope images, where the portion of WZ structure was estimated to be more than 30%. However, only ZB was observed with an increase in stacking fault (SF) for the Si-doped NWs. The undoped and Si-doped InAs NWs were used as channels of four-point electrical measurements with Al/Ni electrodes to investigate electrical properties. The resistivity calculated from the current-voltage curve of a Si-doped InAs NW showed 1.32 × 10(-3) Ωcm, which was dramatically decreased from 10.14 × 10(-3) Ωcm for the undoped InAs NW. A relatively low resistivity of catalyst-free Si-doped InAs NWs was achieved without significant change in structural dimensions.
A phase-lock receiver for the arraying of independently directed antennas (1964)

This paper describes a phase-lock receiver designed to accomplish the arraying of four independently steerable antennas and provides some measured performance data. The results indicate that the performance of such an array will be comparable to that of a single antenna with the same aperture and a conventional phase-lock receiver.
Research and Implementation of Design Reuse Based on Variant Design (2011)

Rapid product development relies heavily on quick and reliable design reuse. This paper analyzed the current design reuse research in mechanical product, pointed out the exiting drawbacks. It first presented the design reuse technology framework based on variant design for mechanical product. According to the characteristic of metal structure in crane, the four levels design reuse technology that plays a vital role in three dimensional variant design reuse including feature, component, assembly, and product was proposed. Design documents reuse including product design calculation and analysis report, 3D model, engineering drawing, Bill of material, process information gather table was also issued. A product design reuse platform has been developed based on crane design cases. The application system has validated the feasibility and practicability. It is able to shorten the time three times for achieving the 3D product model and engineering drawing, which has been carried out successfully in four crane manufacturing Company.
Characterization of mutant p53-hsp72/73 protein-protein complexes by transient expression in monkey COS cells. (1988)

Several mutant, but not wild-type, p53 proteins form complexes with hsp72/73 heat shock-related proteins in simian virus 40-transformed monkey COS cells. We carried out a detailed biochemical and structural mapping analysis of p53 and report here that p53-hsp72/73 complex formation showed considerable structural specificity. Such complexes were remarkably stable, but unlike analogous complexes formed between p53 and simian virus 40 T antigen, they did not form in in vitro association assays. p53-hsp72/73 complex formation in vivo appears to be dependent on aspects of mutant p53 protein conformation. However, absence of the conformation-sensitive epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody PAb 246 was not reliably diagnostic of such complexes, nor was p53-hsp72173 binding reliably diagnostic of oncogenic activation.
The Combined Effect of Triple Therapy With Rosiglitazone, Metformin, and Insulin Aspart in Type 2 Diabetic Patients (2003)

We conclude that treatment of the three major pathophysiological defects in type 2 diabetic subjects by triple therapy significantly improved glucose metabolism in obese type 2 diabetic subjects.
Practical Application of a Multiple-Survey Magnetic Correction Algorithm (1998)

Abstract Conventional methods for drillstring magnetization compensation of magnetic surveys process each survey independently. Limitations of these methods include the need for an accurate estimate of the local magnetic field, while they often result in excessive scatter in corrected azimuth values and poor accuracy in attitudes near horizontal east-west. Recent developments in survey processing include corrections which operate on several surveys simultaneously. The additional information thus obtained can be used to determine biases and other parameters affecting three axes, without the need for precise estimates of the local magnetic field strength and dip angle. Surveys processed in this way show more stable azimuth values and retain greater accuracy in the critical attitudes near horizontal east-west. The use of a multiple-survey correction technique together with in-field referencing to monitor changes in the local field addresses two major shortcomings in magnetic surveying. Multiple-survey analysis can be used to monitor performance of accelerometers as well as magnetometers. Accelerometer variance is measured but not routinely used to make corrections when there is no significant improvement. The better practice is to use calibration values obtained in the workshop, rather than replacing them with measurements taken in the down hole environment. The benefit of the technique is in closely monitoring sensor performance and identifying suspect surveys. Real-time verification that the tool is operating within a modeled error budget improves the value of positional uncertainty calculations. The improvement in quality control can obviate the need to run additional surveys for verification purposes. P. 379
Current mode charge pump: topology, modeling and control (2004)

Current-mode control, the standard method to control inductive switching power supplies can also be used in switched capacitor converters. Here, regulation is achieved by operating one transistor in the charge pump output stage as a controlled current source. Compared with voltage mode operation where the transistor on-resistances is regulated, current mode keeps the small signal output resistance of the converter stage high even with high load currents. This always keeps the output pole, which is the dominant pole in current mode charge pumps at low frequencies even at heavy loads and makes the system easy to stabilize. Provided that the output pole is kept three to five times smaller than any parasitic internal poles, than a first order system is possible. When the controlled current source is placed in the discharge path then the converter always runs with a fully charged flying capacitor, which improves transient response. The universal second order current mode charge pump small signal model presented in this paper consists of a gm-stage error amplifier and a gm-output stage as regulated section. The model also includes the output resistance of the gm-stages, parasitic capacitances, the internal R-C compensation and the external components like the feedback divider, output resistor and load capacitor. The flying capacitor is modeled with a voltage source. By giving this voltage source different values the model can be used with any charge pump topology (doubler, tripler, inverter....). Experimental results show that by comparing the transient response the small signal model well matches with the measured performance. Since model can be used for AC and transient analysis an early prediction of stability and dynamic behavior of the converter is possible. Like inductive current mode converters the maximum output current is limited in the regulated section, which makes the converter short circuit protected.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lanoteplase (n-PA) (1999)

In acute myocardial infarction rapid, complete, and sustained reperfusion of the infarct-related coronary artery is the most important therapeutic principle. Lanoteplase or n-PA, a third-generation plasminogen activator consisting of a deletion and point mutant of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), is a promising agent to approach this therapeutic goal. The molecule exhibits an increased plasma half-life allowing single-bolus administration. In this article, after characterizing the n-PA molecule, the currently available pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data including the results of the InTIME study are reviewed.
Techniques of Body Composition Assessment: A Review of Laboratory and Field Methods (1999)

Body composition is one of the major health-related components of fitness. Thus, it is important for health and fitness professionals to have a general understanding of the most commonly used techniques for assessing body composition. This review presents the developmental background and underlying principles and theory of four laboratory (hydrodensitometry, air displacement plethysmography, isotope dilution, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and four field (bioelectrical impedance analysis, near-infrared interactance, skinfolds, and anthropometry) methods of body composition assessment. In addition to a description of the methods, the validity, and reliability, strengths, and limitations of each measurement tool are examined. Highlights of the laboratory methods include the relatively new Bod Pod air displacement device, which is a promising assessment tool more convenient than hydrodensitometry but still lacking substantial validity testing and the ability of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure regional composition making it an attractive method for clinicians. Advancements in segmental and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance for compartmental analysis have enhanced the value of this field method, but research continues to show that commercially available near-infrared interactance units are invalid. With this knowledge, the clinician and researcher should be able to make an informed decision regarding the most appropriate measurement device for their body composition assessments.
Toxicity of Abamectin to Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae, Blattidae) (1991)

Abamectin was fed to German cockroaches, Blattella germanica (L.), in non-choice tests. LT50s and LC50s were estimated by probit analysis. The LT50s for the German cockroach ranged from 4.4 to 1.7 d for males, from 9.0 to 2.4 d for females, and from 4.4 to 1.6 d for nymphs for bait concentrations of abamectin between 0.0025 and 0.0500%. The LC50s of abamectin were 0.0110 and 0.0040% from males, 0.0240 and 0.0090% for females, and 0.0200 and 0.0080% for nymphs at 3 and 6 d, respectively. The LT50 values of 0.0550% abamectin bait were 3.4, 3.4, 2.4, 7.5, 2.9, and 4.5 d for Periplaneta americana (L.), P. fuliginosa (Serville), P. brunnea Burmeister, P. australasiae (F.), Blatta orientalis L., and Supella longipalpa (Serville). Although the bait was effective against various cockroach species, time to death for the larger species was longer than for the German cockroach. In preference tests in which male German cockroaches were allowed to feed on rat chow or abamectin bait, all died within 5 d of exposure to abamectin bait. Abamectin bait consumption was not significantly lower than that of untreated rat chow. Arena tests with 0.0550% abamectin bait resulted in 31-75% mortality of German cockroaches after 9 d, with most control being achieved by treating harborages with the bait. The hydramethylnon standard resulted in 65% mortality after 9 d.
<i>CDKL5</i>-Related Disorders: From Clinical Description to Molecular Genetics (2011)

Mutations in the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 gene (CDKL5) have been described in girls with Rett-like features and early-onset epileptic encephalopathy including infantile spasms. To date, with more than 80 reported cases, the phenotype of CDKL5-related encephalopathy is better defined. The main features consist of early-onset seizures starting before 5 months of age, severe mental retardation with absent speech and Rett-like features such as hand stereotypies and deceleration of head growth. On the other hand, neuro-vegetative signs and developmental regression are rare in CDKL5 mutation patients. The CDKL5 gene encodes a serine threonine kinase protein which is characterized by a catalytic domain and a long C-terminal extension involved in the regulation of the catalytic activity of CDKL5 and in the sub-nuclear localization of the protein. To our knowledge, more than 70 different point mutations have been described including missense mutations within the catalytic domain, nonsense mutations causing the premature termination of the protein distributed in the entire open reading frame, splice variants, and frameshift mutations. Additionally, CDKL5 mutations have recently been described in 7 males with a more severe epileptic encephalopathy and a worse outcome compared to female patients. Finally, about 23 male and female patients have been identified with gross rearrangements encompassing all or part of the CDKL5 gene, with a phenotype reminiscent of CDKL5-related encephalopathy combined with dysmorphic features. Even if recent data clearly indicate that CDKL5 plays an important role in brain function, the protein remains largely uncharacterized. Phenotype-genotype correlation is additionally hampered by the relatively small number of patients described.
Colorimetric Precision in Scanner Calibration Using Matrices (1995)

Colorimetric precision in a scanner calibration based on matrix transformation is investigated in case that the number of color patches used for calibration is reduced. The precision when the media or colorant used in the calibration is different from that of the target color image is also investigated through the experiment using four kinds of colorants.
Tommy Prince: Warrior (2007)

Over the last decade, there has been a flurry of interest in the Aboriginal men and women who served in the world wars and Korea. No one is more famous than Sergeant Thomas George Prince, MM (1919â77), one of the most decorated non-commissioned officers in Canadian military history. Yet he remains, to most Canadians, an unknown figure.
SURF ACE-MOUNTED EDDY-CURRENT SENSORS FOR ON-LINE MONITORING OF FATIGUE TESTS AND FOR AIRCRAFT HEALTH MONITORING (1998)

A new surface mountable eddy-current sensor, called the new Meandering Winding Magnetometer Array (MWWM-Array) has demonstrated the capability to monitor early stage fatigue damage, crack initiation and growth. This new capability is suitable for monitoring of on-line fatigue tests for coupons and complex components, as well as for monitoring of difficult-to-access locations on military and commercial aircraft. The sensor is thin and light weight. It can be surface mounted like a strain gage, but does not require an intimate mechanical bond, permitting use of compliant adhesives to improve durability. The MWM is a planar, conformable eddy current sensor that was designed to support quantitative and autonomous data interpretation methods. These methods, called grid measurement methods, permit crack detection on curved surfaces without the use of crack standards, and provide quantitative images of absolute electrical properties (conductivity and permeability) and coating thickness without requiring field reference standards (i.e., calibration is performed in air). Components of this ongoing work on fatigue monitoring and applications for specific aircraft are being funded by the Naval Air Watfare Center, Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, the FAA, the Air Force, and internally by JENTEK Sensors, Inc. Application of the MWM-Array technology to detection and characterization of the onset of widespread fatigue damage for commercial and military aircraft was described in a paper presented last year at the First Joint DoDIF AAlNASA Conference on Aging Aircraft This paper presents new results for on-line crack initiation and growth monitoring.
Alterations in dopaminergic modulation of prefrontal cortical acetylcholine release in post‐pubertal rats with neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions (2004)

Excitotoxic lesion of the ventral hippocampus in neonatal rats is a putative animal model of schizophrenia with characteristic developmental abnormalities in dopaminergic neurotransmission and prefrontal cortical functions. Converging evidence also points to the involvement of the central cholinergic system in neuropsychiatric disorders. These two neurotransmitter systems are interlinked in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) where dopamine stimulates acetylcholine (ACh) release. In the present study, we investigated the role of dopamine in the developmental regulation of prefrontal cortical ACh release and the expression of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors in pre- and post-pubertal rats with neonatal ibotenic acid-induced lesions of the ventral hippocampus (NVH). In vivo microdialysis in the PFC revealed that systemic injections of the D(1)-like receptor agonist (+/-)-6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrobromide (SKF 81297) (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg i.p.) caused significantly higher ACh release in post-pubertal NVH-lesioned animals (250 and 300% baseline for 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg, respectively) compared with post-pubertal shams (150 and 220% baseline for 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg, respectively). Most interestingly, while prefrontal cortical perfusion of SKF 81297 (100 and 250 microM) had no significant effect on ACh release in post-pubertal sham-operated animals, it significantly stimulated ACh release to approximately 250% baseline at both doses in post-pubertal NVH-lesioned animals. Receptor autoradiography demonstrated a significant and selective increase in M(1)-like receptor binding sites in the infralimbic area of the PFC in the post-pubertal NVH-lesioned animals. For all experiments, significant differences between sham and NVH-lesioned animals were observed only in post-pubertal rats. These results suggest a developmentally specific reorganization of the prefrontal cortical cholinergic system involving D(1)-like receptors in the NVH model.
Ethanol production from seaweed extract (2000)

Extracts from Laminaria hyperborea could possibly be fermented to ethanol commercially. In particular, seaweed harvested in the autumn contains high levels of easily extractable laminaran and mannitol. Four microorganisms were tested to carry out this fermentation, one bacterium and three yeasts. Only Pichia angophorae was able to utilise both laminaran and mannitol for ethanol production, and its substrate preferences were investigated in batch and continuous cultures. Laminaran and mannitol were consumed simultaneously, but with different relative rates. In batch fermentations, mannitol was the preferred substrate. Its share of the total laminaran and mannitol consumption rate increased with oxygen transfer rate (OTR) and pH. In continuous fermentations, laminaran was the preferred substrate at low OTR, whereas at higher OTR, laminaran and mannitol were consumed at similar rates. Optimisation of ethanol yield required a low OTR, and the best yield of 0.43 g ethanol (g substrate)−1 was achieved in batch culture at pH 4.5 and 5.8 mmol O2 l−1 h−1. However, industrial production of ethanol from seaweed would require an optimisation of the extraction process to yield a higher ethanol concentration. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 249–254.
Value-of-time savings, transport modelling and urban form (1991)

The value-of-time is used in decision making concerning road and public transport extensions and improvements and traffic management schemes. It is an integral part of many transport/traffic models in use today. The question of the usefulness of this measure is raised and evidence is shown that its use should be abandoned, modified or, at least, viewed with some scepticism because of certain behavioural responses by individuals and imperfections in markets. Some possible changes to traffic/transport decision making are postulated based on the observation that the needs of commercial carriers should be given greater weight than the desires of commuters. The paper identifies some deficiencies of and threats to current modelling practice, and offers a challenge for the development of an alternative modelling paradigm.
The Risk of Disclosure for Microdata (1989)

Statistical agencies that provide microdata for public use strive to keep the risk of disclosure of confidential information negligible. Assessing the magnitude of the risk of disclosure is not easy, however. Whether a data user or intruder attempts to obtain confidential information from a public-use file depends on the perceived costs of identifying a record, the perceived probability of success, and the information expected to be gained. In this article, a decision-theoretic framework for risk assessment that includes the intruder's objectives and strategy for compromising the data base and the information gained by the intruder is developed. Two kinds of microdata disclosure are distinguished—disclosure of a respondent's identity and disclosure of a respondent's attributes as a result of an unauthorized identification. A formula for the risk of identity disclosure is given, and a simple approximation to it is evaluated.
Training Eccentric Viewing (1977)

The development of a central scotoma, or decreased central vision, particularly in a person with a history of visual impairment, may severely interfere with an individual's ability to function visually. The nature of the impairment and current techniques for training an individual to use the peripheral retina are discussed.