gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deterministic analysis of oversampled A/D conversion and decoding improvement based on consistent estimates (1994)

Discusses the deterministic analysis of oversampled A/D conversion (ADC), the properties derivable from such an analysis, and the consequences on reconstruction using nonlinear decoding. Given a band-limited input X producing a quantized version C, the authors consider the set of all input signals that are band-limited and produce C. They call any element of this set a consistent estimate of X. Regardless of the type of encoder (simple, predictive, or noise-shaping), they show that this set is convex, and as a consequence, any nonconsistent estimate can be improved. They also show that the classical linear decoding estimates are not necessarily consistent. Numerical tests performed on simple ADC, single-loop, and multiloop /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation show that consistent estimates yield a mean square error (MSE) that decreases asymptotically with the oversampling ratio faster than the linear decoding MSE by approximately 3 dB/octave. This implies an asymptotic MSE of the order of /spl Oscr/(R/sup /spl minus/(2n+2/)) instead of /spl Oscr/(R/sup /spl minus/(2n+1/)) in linear decoding, where R is the oversampling ratio and n the order of the modulator. Methods of improvement of nonconsistent estimates based on the deterministic knowledge of the quantized signal are proposed for simple ADC, predictive ADC, single-loop, and multiloop /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Brightness and Contrast Modification in Ultrasonography Images Using Edge Detection Results (2016)

Currently, ultrasonography device become an important equipment for supporting diagnosis in diesases. Unfortunetaly, a lot of ultrasonography images do not provide enough information for supporting diagnosis especially images produced by low-resolution ultrasonography. It is caused by image quality that has been produced is inadequate because of noise. This research aims to improve image quality by modifying brightness and contrast to the edge detection algorithms. By modifying the brightness and contrast will cause the value of standard deviation of the ultrasonography image is lowered. Raising setting values will cause deviation standard value becomes smaller, and also the result of standard deviation is inversely proportional to the value of RMSE. The results show that this modification can improve image quality by reducing noise significantly.
Cell cycle perturbation and acquired 5-fluorouracil chemoresistance. (2008)

Acquired chemoresistance is one of the obstacles for success of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based cancer chemotherapy. Some molecular mechanisms of acquired 5-FU resistance are still unknown. We have recently demonstrated down-regulation of a group of cell cycle related genes in acquired 5-FU resistant human cancer cell lines. In this study, the bivariate distribution of propidium iodide versus BrdU in acquired 5-FU resistant colon (H630R10) and breast (T47DFU2.5) cancer cell lines was compared with their parental cell lines using flow cytometric analysis. The resistant cell lines showed significantly lower labelling index (T47DFU2.5) and cell cycle delay in G1 and G1/S boundary and prolonged DNA synthesis time (H630R10). Both resistant cell lines demonstrated significantly prolonged potential doubling time (Tpot). The protein expression levels of some G1 and S phase transition-related genes were also analysed by Western blot. CDK2 protein and Thr-160 phosphorylated CDK2 were remarkably reduced in the resistant cell lines. Cyclin D3 and cyclin A were also decreased in the resistant cells. Total pRB expression was unaltered but hypophosphorylation of pRB (Ser780, Ser795 and Ser807/811) was detected in the resistant cancer cells. Our data suggest that there may be a slow down in cell cycle traverse preventing incorporation of 5-FU metabolites into DNA and also providing cancer cells with sufficient time to correct the mis-incorporated nucleotides. The cell cycle perturbation may be involved in acquired 5-FU resistance.
Two robust Remez methods for the design of FIR digital filters meeting prescribed specifications (2003)

Two methods (the maximum ripple method and the extra-ripple method) for designing optimal Chebyshev multiband FIR (finite-impulse response) digital filters are introduced. These methods usually converge rapidly even when the number of bands is large, and with the addition of some simple heuristic techniques will produce filters which are free of transition-region magnitude-response anomalies. Both of these methods use a Remez-type exchange algorithm, a novel initialization strategy, and a selective search which reduces the amount of computation needed to carry out a design.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology (2014)

Subjects with larger magnitude of corneal relative peripheral power change along specific axes after OK treatment experienced slower axial elongation by the end of 24 months. This effect might be mediated by the induction of greater amount of relative myopic defocus on the peripheral retina. Our study lends weight to potential OK lens designs for myopia control in children.
The DCCT and Medical Care for Diabetes in the U. S. (1994)

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) has convincingly established that intensive treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can substantially reduce the incidence and progression of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy (1). Development of retinopathy in those without retinopathy at baseline was reduced by 76%, and progression of retinopathy in those with early retinal disease at baseline was reduced by 54%. Intensive therapy was associated with a 39% reduction in the occurrence of microalbuminuria (≥40 mg of urine albumin per 24 h) and a 54% reduction in the incidence of albuminuria (≥300 mg of urine albumin per 24 h). Development of clinical neuropathy was reduced by 60%. A reduction also occurred in macrovascular disease events (41%), although this did not reach statistical significance.
Scalable and precise multi-UAV indoor navigation using TDOA-based UWB localization (2017)

Ultra-wideband wireless positioning technologies based on IEEE 802.15.4a have gained attention for various use cases requiring highly precise localization. Multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems provide several sensors for stabilization and navigation. However, absolute indoor positioning poses a problem for autonomous robotic systems. The specific challenge addressed in this paper is enabling novel applications with autonomous UAV systems through tight integration with scalable and precise receiver-side time-difference of arrival (TDOA) based ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor localization. For the in-depth validation of the proposed approach, several experiments are performed. One proves the repeatability of the proposed method by following a predefined trajectory ten times achieving close to optical motion-capture based control performance, with a 3rd quartile of the alignment error lower than 10 cm. Another experiment addresses the simultaneous flight of three UAVs in close proximity and delivers an analysis of the real-time capabilities which in turn proves the multi-user scalability. The last experiment demonstrates a user-interactive application of the proposed approach in a logistics environment. A video along with the raw samples, reference data and processed positions of the aforementioned experiments is provided alongside this work.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes angiogenesis by stimulating endothelial cell migration toward fibronectin. (2001)

Increased expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in cancer patients is associated with unfavorable outcome, and the reason for this paradox has been poorly understood. We have previously reported elevated levels of PAI-1 in primary tumors of advanced neuroblastomas (Y. Sugiura et al., Cancer Res., 59: 1327-1336, 1999). Here we demonstrate that PAI-1 is coexpressed with the angiogenesis marker alpha(v)beta3 integrin in blood vessels of primary neuroblastoma tumors, suggesting that PAI-1 plays a role in angiogenesis. Using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), we found that PAI-1 inhibits alpha(v)beta3 integrin-mediated cell adhesion to vitronectin but promotes alpha5beta1-mediated migration from vitronectin toward fibronectin. Inhibition of vitronectin adhesion by PAI-1 did not induce HBMEC apoptosis. PAI-1 also inhibited endothelial tube formation on Matrigel in the presence of vitronectin but had a stimulatory effect in the presence of fibronectin. This effect of PAI-1 on microvascular endothelial cells is primarily related to the ability of PAI-1 to bind to vitronectin via its NH2-terminal domain and to interfere with cell adhesion to vitronectin. We propose that PAI-1 acts as a positive switch for angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration away from their vitronectin-containing perivascular space toward fibronectin-rich tumor tissue. These observations provide a novel explanation for the enhancing effect of PAI-1 in cancer progression.
A Collaborative Lexical Data Design System for Speech Recognition Application Developers (2013)

This paper presents a collaborative framework for designing and managing vocabulary used by speech recognition application developers. Specifically, the online database system for managing vocabulary was developed and opened to the public. This system provided users with information about words extracted from the Internet. Users were expected to add and modify this information collaboratively so that they could acquire better information about the words as they were updated by other users. Moreover, this system resolved issues related to building and continuously updating the vocabulary list. Issues related to the problem that each individual developer creates his own vocabulary list based on the needs of the given application were also examined. The goals of this system are to provide a collaborative framework for vocabulary design independent of an application and to unify the processes for vocabulary design. The basic approach and the implementation of the system are presented in this paper.
Surface Light Field Fusion (2018)

We present an approach for interactively scanning highly reflective objects with a commodity RGBD sensor. In addition to shape, our approach models the surface light field, encoding scene appearance from all directions. By factoring the surface light field into view-independent and wavelength-independent components, we arrive at a representation that can be robustly estimated with IR-equipped commodity depth sensors, and achieves high quality results.
The reversibility and first-order nature of liquid–liquid transition in a molecular liquid (2016)

Liquid-liquid transition is an intriguing phenomenon in which a liquid transforms into another liquid via the first-order transition. For molecular liquids, however, it always takes place in a supercooled liquid state metastable against crystallization, which has led to a number of serious debates concerning its origin: liquid-liquid transition versus unusual nano-crystal formation. Thus, there have so far been no single example free from such debates, to the best of our knowledge. Here we show experimental evidence that the transition is truly liquid-liquid transition and not nano-crystallization for a molecular liquid, triphenyl phosphite. We kinetically isolate the reverse liquid-liquid transition from glass transition and crystallization with a high heating rate of flash differential scanning calorimetry, and prove the reversibility and first-order nature of liquid-liquid transition. Our finding not only deepens our physical understanding of liquid-liquid transition but may also initiate a phase of its research from both fundamental and applications viewpoints.
A novel, integrated forensic microdevice on a rotation‐driven platform: Buccal swab to STR product in less than 2 h (2016)

This work describes the development of a novel microdevice for forensic DNA processing of reference swabs. This microdevice incorporates an enzyme-based assay for DNA preparation, which allows for faster processing times and reduced sample handling. Infrared-mediated PCR (IR-PCR) is used for STR amplification using a custom reaction mixture, allowing for amplification of STR loci in 45 min while circumventing the limitations of traditional block thermocyclers. Uniquely positioned valves coupled with a simple rotational platform are used to exert fluidic control, eliminating the need for bulky external equipment. All microdevices were fabricated using laser ablation and thermal bonding of PMMA layers. Using this microdevice, the enzyme-mediated DNA liberation module produced DNA yields similar to or higher than those produced using the traditional (tube-based) protocol. Initial microdevice IR-PCR experiments to test the amplification module and reaction (using Phusion Flash/SpeedSTAR) generated near-full profiles that suffered from interlocus peak imbalance and poor adenylation (significant -A). However, subsequent attempts using KAPA 2G and Pfu Ultra polymerases generated full STR profiles with improved interlocus balance and the expected adenylated product. A fully integrated run designed to test microfluidic control successfully generated CE-ready STR amplicons in less than 2 h (<1 h of hands-on time). Using this approach, high-quality STR profiles were developed that were consistent with those produced using conventional DNA purification and STR amplification methods. This method is a smaller, more elegant solution than current microdevice methods and offers a cheaper, hands-free, closed-system alternative to traditional forensic methods.
Doppler‐shifted frequency measurement based positioning for roadside‐vehicle communication systems (2009)

Abstract Node positioning is a useful service for a vehicular communication system. The global positioning system (GPS) is the most popular positioning technique widely used in vehicular communication systems. However, GPS cannot work effectively in many situations, for example, in a tunnel or under a bridge. For accurate positioning in such situations, it is desirable to have more reliable positioning techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel method for node positioning in vehicular communication systems. Unlike existing positioning methods that employ a roadside node as an observation station, the proposed positioning method allows a vehicular node to play the role of an observation station, and estimates the vehicular node's absolute coordinates based on the measurement of the Doppler frequency shift, the velocity of the vehicular node, and the known absolute coordinates of roadside nodes. To improve positioning accuracy, it introduces extended Kalman filtering (EKF) to mitigate the effects of channel noise and multipath interference. Analytical and simulation results show that the proposed positioning method can significantly improve the positioning accuracy compared with differential GPS and reduce the positioning delay. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Xanthorrhizol induces apoptosis via the up-regulation of bax and p53 in HeLa cells. (2005)

Xanthorrhizol is a sesquiterpenoid compound extracted from Curcuma xanthorrhiza, which is known locally as Temulawak. Traditionally, C. xanthorrhiza was found to have antibacterial, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity. The rhizome has also been used to treat inflammation in postpartum uterine bleeding. An antiproliferative assay using methylene blue staining revealed that xanthorrhizol inhibited the proliferation of the cervical cancer cell line HeLa with an EC50 value of 6.16 microg/ml. Xanthorrhizol significantly increased apoptosis in HeLa cells, as evaluated by the Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) assay and nuclear morphology by Hoechst 33258 staining. Western blot analysis, which was further confirmed by the immunostaining results, implied an up-regulation of tumor suppressor protein p53 and the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, following the treatment with xanthorrhizol. Xanthorrhizol, however, did not affect the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 and the viral oncoprotein, E6. Hence, xanthorrhizol is a promising antiproliferative and anticancer agent which induces p53 and Bax-dependent apoptosis in HeLa cervical cancer cells.
Field data comparisons of MEMS accelerometers and analog geophones (2008)

Geophones have been the motion sensor of choice in oil and gas exploration surveys for many years and for good reason: they require no electrical power to operate, are lightweight, robust, and able to detect extremely small ground displacements. However, the seismic industry recently has developed considerable interest in microelectro mechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers, which are similar to those used to sense accelerations for airbag deployment and missile guidance (among many other uses). The MEMS element is tied to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that includes sensor signal conditioning, feedback control, and digitization blocks. The result is a custom-built unit for seismic applications that requires a power supply to operate.
Human Choriogonadotropin-like Material in Bacteria of Different Species: Electron Microscopy and Immunocytochemical Studies with Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies (1987)

Immunocytochemical studies using antisera to whole human choriogonadotropin (hCG), to its alpha- and beta-subunits and to the COOH-terminal peptide of hCG beta, and two monoclonal antibodies to hCG beta, demonstrated expression of hCG-like material, its individual subunits and/or fragments in nine bacterial strains. Seven of these were isolated from patients with cancer and were definitely identified as Streptococcus faecalis (three strains), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (two strains) and Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli (single strains). The other two strains were cell-wall-deficient (CWD) variants, one identified as Streptococcus bovis, isolated from the blood of a patient with a fever of unknown origin and a possible brain abscess. The other was a Gram-negative diphtheroid isolated from the urine of a pregnant woman, which during the period of study reverted to a Gram-positive Corynebacterium identified as a 'C. ulcerans' strain and expressed the hCG-like factor only during its phase as Gram-negative diphtheroid. Electron microscopy of these nine strains (including negative controls of strains of the same species subjected to the same immunocytochemical analyses and under identical cultural conditions) revealed morphological alterations in the bacterial cell walls and cytoplasmic material and/or bizarre forms of reproduction in six of the nine strains expressing hCG-like material including the two CWD variants. Collectively, these results provided evidence that (1) hCG-producing bacteria isolated from patients with overt cancer are not a new and unique species as claimed by others, and (2) there is a close resemblance between the bacterial protein and the human trophoblastic hormone, based on immunochemical recognition of different parts of the hCG molecule.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hidden-line removal at 20 pictures/second through hybrid techniques. (1973)

A real-time computer image generation method is presented that is designed to operate in a parallel-computing environment. It can provide good quality pictures of limited complexity if implemented on a general purpose hybrid computing system. Such a hybrid approach can generate a new image every 50 milliseconds. These results have been demonstrated by a feasibility test program which impelements the hybrid concepts described. This hybrid-picture generation capability is shown to represent a significant contribution to the area of real-time hidden-line removal.
Characterization of the Beam-Spread Function for Underwater Wireless Optical Communications Links (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Optical links are currently being considered for high-bandwidth underwater communications at short ranges (<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${≪}$</tex> </formula>100 m). To predict the performance of these links, a firm understanding of how the inherent optical properties of water affect the encoded optical signal is needed. Of particular interest is the impact of scattering due to particulates. Typically, the link loss is computed using the beam attenuation coefficient, which describes the attenuation of nonscattered light due to absorption and scattering. This approach is insufficient, as it neglects the contribution of scattered light to the total received signal. Given the dynamic nature of underwater platforms, as well as the dynamic nature of the environment itself, knowledge of the angular dependence of forward-scattered light is imperative for determining pointing and tracking requirements as well as overall signal to noise. In this work, the theory necessary to describe spatial spreading of an optical beam in the presence of scattering agents underwater is reviewed. This theory is then applied to a performance prediction model that is validated via laboratory experiments. Finally, the model is used to study the impact of spatial spreading on an underwater optical link. </para>
EVALUATION OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN TIME MANAGEMENT PERCEPTIONS AND TIME MANAGEMENT BEHAVIORS OF SPORT MANAGEMENT STUDENTS (2017)

The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the future perceptions of the students of the sports management department and their time management behavior. For this purpose, Gazi, Selçuk, Muğla and Fırat University Sports Sciences Faculty, Sports Management students (n = 770) participated in the questionnaire voluntarily. The socio-demographic information form of the volunteers was applied to the future time perception scale developed by Husman and Shell (1996) and the Time Management Behavior Scale developed by Britton and Tesser (1991). The obtained data was recorded with the package program "IBM SPSS 22". Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman Correlation Analysis for the Correlation between future time sense and time management behavior were applied as a statistical process. As a result, there was a significant Correlation between gender, university and class, time management behaviors, gender, university and class variables. Furthermore, a too weak Correlation was found between the future time sense and the time management behavior on the positive side. This may be due to the students' personal development, social circles, socioeconomic status difference and the missions and visions of the students differ. Article visualizations:
Avoiding the Next Crisis (2008)

Finanzmarktkrise, Internationaler Finanzmarkt, Internationale Kapitalmobilität, Kapitalmarktliberalisierung, Regulierung, Internationale wirtschaftspolitische Koordination, Welt, Financial crisis, International financial market, Financial liberalization, Regulation, Economic policy coordination, World