gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of simian immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro by CD8+ lymphocytes. (1988)

The AIDS-like disease in rhesus monkeys induced by the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has been used as a model to explore the nature of the T lymphocyte response after infection with viruses of the human immunodeficiency virus family. Activated CD8+ lymphocytes are present in increased numbers in the paracortex of lymph nodes of SIV-infected rhesus monkeys with a lymphadenopathy syndrome. We demonstrate that SIV is more readily isolated from CD8+ lymphocyte-depleted PBL of SIV-infected animals than from their unfractionated PBL. Rather than reflecting the fact that the CD8+ lymphocyte-depleted cell populations are simply enriched for CD4+ lymphocytes, this indicates that CD8+ cells themselves are critical in this regulatory interaction. In fact, CD8+ lymphocytes from SIV-infected but not uninfected rhesus monkeys can block SIV replication in vitro in PBL populations. A T lymphocyte population that blocks replication of viruses of the HIV family may contribute to containing the progression of AIDS.
Mild myotonic dystrophy is associated with memory impairment in the context of normal general intelligence. (1997)

Previous investigations of cognitive function in myotonic dystrophy (DM) suggested that DM subjects have impairment of general intelligence and severe defects in executive function. These studies had to neglect patients with mild clinical disease, since they were generally performed before the availability of DNA testing for DM. We have investigated a group of milder DM cases (defined both by their degree of disability and CTG expansion size) and have not found any defect in general intelligence using the National Adult Reading Test, Standard Progressive Matrices, and Mini-Mental State examination. Three executive function tests were used. The cognitive estimates test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test showed tendencies towards impairment, which were of borderline significance, but the verbal fluency task was performed normally. However, in the face of normal general intelligence, mild DM subjects as a group show impairment of memory function. This suggests that memory function may be more sensitive to small CTG repeat expansions than general intelligence.
Average polarization of partially polarized light* (1974)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. M. A. Azzam and N. M. Bashara, "Average polarization of partially polarized light*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 64, 398-399 (1974) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 subtypes circulating in Spain (1999)

Genetic subtypes of Human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 (HIV-1) were investigated in 101 HIV-1-infected individuals living in Spain from 1993 to 1998. Samples selected randomly from the HIV clinic population included 29 Spanish native born subjects (28.7%) and 72 foreigners (71.3%). Proviral DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or viral RNA isolated from plasma was amplified, and endonuclease restriction analysis was carried out on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis on the HIV-1 protease region enabled the characterisation of the different HIV genotypes infecting these individuals. Overall, 38 subjects (37.6%) carried non-B subtypes (A in 26, C in 2, D in 1, E in 2, and F in 7), 31 (81. 6%) of them being immigrants. Direct sequence analysis of PCR products and/or a specific serological assay confirmed the data obtained by RFLP in most individuals tested. In conclusion, different HIV-1 subtypes are circulating currently in Spain, with non-B HIV-1 subtypes being confined mostly to immigrants.
헤어패션감각(感覺)에 따른 헤어컬러에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) - 수도권(首都圈) 20대(代) 여성(女性)을 중심(中心)으로 - (2006)

This study was aimed at giving help to the people intending to change their hair fashion feeling for changing their own hair colour design and also providing the guide line to the cosmetic circles for developing new hair colour design and promoting sales by statistically analyzing hair colours and the other factors(demographic characteristics, hair styling, total fashion feeling, hair style) of capital area women in their twenties based on the theoretical study on tatal fasion feeling & hair fashion feeling, and hair trend. The researching methods were composed of prior theoretical research, statistical analysis. The prior theoretical research was accomplished by analysis of literatures, magazines and internet sites about total & hair fashion feelings and hair trend. The statistical analysis used a questionnaire composed of 33 questions in 5 categories. The survey of the questionnaire had been conducted from June 15 to June 28 in 2005 on the 600 women in the capital area, investigated by a group of experts on cosmetics or clothing from academic or business society. The analysis of materials from the survey was done by SPSS program(ver. 12.0) using frequency analysis, x2-test and cross tabulation analysis specified on high significant values. Based on the above results of x2-test and cross tabulation analysis, categorized the characteristics of the hair fashion feeling groups, especially hair colours in the order of percentage. This study would be very helpful to the people trying to change their own hair fashion feeling and be useful to the cosmetic circles for developing new hair colour design and promoting sales by comprehending hair colour market and also be valuable to develop the analysis methodology of hair colour and hair fashion trend.
A comparative study on chemical composition of total saponins extracted from fermented and white ginseng under the effect of macrophage phagocytotic function (2017)

In this study, white ginseng was used as the raw material, which was fermented with <i>Paecilomyces hepiali</i> through solid culture medium, to produce ginsenosides with modified chemical composition. The characteristic chemical markers of the products thus produced were investigated using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-QTOF-MS). Chemical profiling data were obtained, which were then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis for the systematic comparison of active ingredients in white ginseng and fermented ginseng to understand the beneficial properties of ginsenoside metabolites. In addition, the effects of these components on biological activity were investigated to understand the improvements in the phagocytic function of macrophages in zebrafish. According to the established RRLC-QTOF-MS chemical profiling, the contents in ginsenosides of high molecular weight, especially malonylated protopanaxadiol ginsenosides, were slightly reduced due to the fermentation, which were hydrolyzed into rare and minor ginsenosides. Moreover, the facilitation of macrophage phagocytic function in zebrafish following treatment with different ginseng extracts confirmed that the fermented ginseng is superior to white ginseng. Our results prove that there is a profound change in chemical constituents of ginsenosides during the fermentation process, which has a significant effect on the biological activity of these compounds.
The ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b limits Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin T–mediated virulence (2007)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important cause of opportunistic infections in humans, delivers bacterial cytotoxins by type III secretion directly into the host cell cytoplasm, resulting in disruption of host cell signaling and host innate immunity. However, little is known about the fate of the toxins themselves following injection into the host cytosol. Here, we show by both in vitro and in vivo studies that the host ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b interacts with the type III-secreted effector exotoxin T (ExoT) and plays a key role in vivo in limiting bacterial dissemination mediated by ExoT. We demonstrate that, following polyubiquitination, ExoT undergoes regulated proteasomal degradation in the host cell cytosol. ExoT interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b and Crk, the substrate for the ExoT ADP ribosyltransferase (ADPRT) domain. The efficiency of degradation is dependent upon the activity of the ADPRT domain. In mouse models of acute pneumonia and systemic infection, Cbl-b is specifically required to limit the dissemination of ExoT-producing bacteria whereas c-Cbl plays no detectable role. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first identification of a mammalian gene product that is specifically required for in vivo resistance to disease mediated by a type III-secreted effector.
Laser-Capture Microdissection and Analysis of Liver Endothelial Cells from Patients with Budd–Chiari Syndrome (2011)

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal hematological malignancies that are frequently -associated with an acquired somatic mutation in JAK2 (JAK2V617F). Patients with MPN are at a high risk of developing thrombotic events. Endothelial cell (EC) abnormalities are thought to contribute to this prothrombotic state. Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) and portal vein thromboses have been reported to be associated with JAK2V617F positive hematopoiesis. We explored whether JAK2V617F was present in ECs within the vessels of polycythemia vera (PV) patients with BCS using laser-capture microdissection followed by nested PCR or real-time RT-PCR. The presence of JAK2V617F in both ECs and hematopoietic cells belonging to BCS patients with PV indicates that ECs from these patients are involved by the malignant process and that in this subpopulation of patients the disease may originate from a cell common to hematopoietic and endothelial cells.
A Closer Look at MOMDPs (2010)

The difficulties encountered in sequential decision-making problems under uncertainty are often linked to the large size of the state space. Exploiting the structure of the problem, for example by employing a factored representation, is usually an efficient approach but, in the case of partially observable Markov decision processes, the fact that some state variables may be visible has not been sufficiently appreciated. In this article, we present a complementary analysis and discussion about MOMDPs, a formalism that exploits the fact that the state space may be factored in one visible part and one hidden part. Starting from a POMDP description, we dig into the structure of the belief update, value function, and the consequences in value iteration, specifically how classical algorithms can be adapted to this factorization, and demonstrate the resulting benefits through an empirical evaluation.
Brain Accumulation of Amyloid-β in Non-Alzheimer Neurodegeneration (1999)

We report an unusual case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) marked by extensive cerebral amyloid-beta deposition in small and medium-size vessels, capillaries, and perivascular plaques in the cerebral cortex, and in most leptomeningeal vessels. Despite considerable cerebral amyloidosis, the patient remained cognitively intact until death. For comparison with other neuro-degenerative diseases and normal aging, we assessed the densities of amyloid-beta-immunoreactive cortical vessels and plaques in matched frontal and temporal lobe sections from archival uncomplicated cases of Alzheimer's disease (N=10), Pick's disease (PkD; N=4), Parkinson's disease (PD; N=6), Diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD; N=7), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP; N=5), multiple systems atrophy (MSA; N=4), ALS (N=7), or normal aging (N=10) by semi-quantitative grading (0 to 3+). Moderate (2+) or abundant (3+) cerebrovascular amyloid-beta immunoreactivity was detected in 8/10 AD, 3/7 DLBD, 3/6 PD, 1 each with PSP or PkD, and 2/10 controls. Moderate or abundant densities of amyloid-beta-immunoreactive diffuse plaques were detected in all cases of AD or DLBD, 4/6 with PD, 3/5 with PSP, and 2/10 controls. Moderate or abundant amyloid-beta-immunoreactive mature (dense core) plaques were present in all cases of AD or DLBD, and 3 each with PD or PSP. Importantly, amyloid-beta-immunoreactivity was not observed in the 4 MSA or 7 archival ALS cases. This study demonstrates that prominent amyloid-beta accumulation in cerebral vessels and plaques occurs frequently in AD, DLBD, PSP, and PD, but not in ALS or MSA, indicating that the case described is unique. The lack of cognitive impairment in the case presented argues against the idea that extensive amyloid-beta deposition in the brain causes dementia.
Low-dose carbon monoxide inhibits progressive chronic allograft nephropathy and restores renal allograft function (2009)

Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) represents progressive deterioration of renal allograft function with fibroinflammatory changes. CAN, recently reclassified as interstitial fibrosis (IF) and tubular atrophy (TA) with no known specific etiology, is a major cause of late renal allograft loss and remains a significant deleterious factor of successful renal transplantation. Carbon monoxide (CO), an effector byproduct of heme oxygenase pathway, is known to have potent anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic functions. We hypothesized that inhaled CO would inhibit fibroinflammatory process of CAN and restore renal allograft function, even when the treatment was initiated after CAN was established. Lewis rat kidney grafts were orthotopically transplanted into binephrectomized allogenic Brown Norway rats under brief tacrolimus (0.5 mg/kg im, days 0-6). At day 60, CO (20 ppm) inhalation was initiated to recipients and continued until day 150 or animal death. Development of CAN was confirmed at day 60 with decreased creatinine clearance (CCr), significant proteinuria, and histopathological findings of TA, IF, and intimal arteritis. Air-treated control recipients continued to deteriorate with further declines of CCr and increases of urinary protein excretion and died with a median survival of 82 days. In contrast, progression of CAN was decelerated when recipients received CO on days 60-150, showing markedly improved graft histopathology, restored renal function, and improved recipient survival to a median of >150 days. CO significantly reduced intragraft mRNA levels for IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha at day 90. Expression of profibrotic TGF-beta/Smad was significantly suppressed with CO, together with downregulation of ERK-MAPK pathways. Continuous CO (20 ppm) treatment for days 0-30, days 30-60, or days 0-90, or daily 1-h CO (250 ppm) treatment for days 0-90, also showed efficacy in inhibiting CAN. The study demonstrates that CO is able to inhibit progression of fibroinflammatory process of CAN, restore renal allograft function, and improve survival even when the treatment is started after CAN is diagnosed.
Network link dimensioning : a measurement & modeling based approach (2006)

Adequate network link dimensioning requires a thorough insight into the interrelationship between: (i) the traffic offered (in terms of the average load, but also its fluctuations), (ii) the desired level of performance, and (iii) the required bandwidth capacity. It is clear that more capacity is needed when the average traffic load becomes higher, the fluctuations become fiercer, or the performance criterion becomesmore stringent. Existing approaches to network link dimensioning are often based on rules of thumb, e.g., `take the average traffic rate at timeswhen the network is relatively busy, and add 30%to cater for fluctuations?. Clearly, such an approach does not explicitly incorporate the fierceness of the traffic rate?s fluctuations, or the desired level of performance.
A common approach to estimate the average traffic rate is as follows. A networkmanager regularly polls the so-called Interfaces Group MIB via the Simple NetworkManagement Protocol (SNMP), for instance through a tool such as the Multi-Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG). This yields the average rate of the offered traffic since the last poll. The polling interval generally is in the order of 5minutes. Evidently, the fierceness of fluctuation of the traffic rate within these 5 minute intervals is unknown to the network manager. These fluctuations may, however, be considerably large, and noticeable to users of the network. If, at timescales of say 5 seconds, more traffic is offered to a network link than it can transfer during that interval, traffic may be lost. Such loss is generally known as possibly leading to performance degradation and this may well be noticeable to a network user; for instance, entirewords may be lost in a (voice) conversation. Hence, it is in the interest of network users, and for obvious business reasons also to network operators, to have sufficient bandwidth capacity available to meet the demand at timescales considerably smaller than 5 minutes. 
In this thesis, we develop an alternative approach to network link dimensioning, which explicitly incorporates the offered traffic in terms of both the average rate as well as its fluctuations at small timescales, and the desired level of performance. This is expressed throughmathematical formulas that give the required bandwidth capacity, given the characteristics of the offered traffic, and the performance criterion.
New approach for rapid detection of known hemoglobin variants using LC‐MS/MS combined with a peptide database (2006)

The identification of hemoglobin (Hb) variants is usually performed by means of different analytical steps and methodologies. Phenotypic methods, such as gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography, are used to detect the different electrophoretic or chromatographic behaviors of hemoglobin variants in comparison to HbA0 used as a control. These data often need to be combined with mass spectrometry analyses of intact globins and their tryptic peptide mixtures. As an alternative to a 'step-by-step' procedure, we have developed a 'single step' approach for the identification of Hb variants present in biological samples. This is based on the microHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the peptide mixture generated by a tryptic digestion of diluted Hb samples and an in-house new database containing solely the variant tryptic peptide of known human Hb variants. The experimental results (full MS and MS/MS spectra) are correlated with theoretical mass spectra generated from our in-house-built variant peptide database (Hbp) using the SEQUEST algorithm. Simple preparation of samples and an automated identification of the variant peptide are the main characteristics of this approach, making it an attractive method for the detection of Hb variants at the routine clinical level. We have analyzed 16 different samples, each containing a different known variant of hemoglobin.
Conformational Changes in Fragments D and Double-D from Human Fibrin(ogen) upon Binding the Peptide Ligand Gly-His-Arg-Pro-Amide<sup>,</sup> (1999)

The structure of fragment double-D from human fibrin has been solved in the presence and absence of the peptide ligands that simulate the two knobs exposed by the removal of fibrinopeptides A and B, respectively. All told, six crystal structures have been determined, three of which are reported here for the first time: namely, fragments D and double-D with the peptide GHRPam alone and double-D in the absence of any peptide ligand. Comparison of the structures has revealed a series of conformational changes that are brought about by the various knob-hole interactions. Of greatest interest is a moveable "flap" of two negatively charged amino acids (Glubeta397 and Aspbeta398) whose side chains are pinned back to the coiled coil with a calcium atom bridge until GHRPam occupies the beta-chain pocket. Additionally, in the absence of the peptide ligand GPRPam, GHRPam binds to the gamma-chain pocket, a new calcium-binding site being formed concomitantly.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Existence of Transition‐Metal Fullerides: Deposition and Characterization of Ti<sub>x</sub>C<sub>60</sub>. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dry Matter Intake, Milk Yield and Composition, and Nitrogen Use in Holstein Cows Fed Soybean, Fish, or Corn Gluten Meals (1991)

Abstract Soybean meal, Atlantic menhaden fish meal, and corn gluten meal feeds varying in CP degradability and amino acid pattern were evaluated as supplements for high milk yield. Forty multiparous Holstein cows were fed a basal diet of corn silage:grain (blended, .8% urea, 12% CP, DM basis) ad libitum in wk 1 to 18 of lactation. During wk 1 to 3 of lactation, diet DM was 16% CP (basal plus soybean, fish, and corn gluten meals; each source contributed equal CP). On d 22, 10 cows were assigned to each of four diets: basal, 12% CP, DM basis or a diet containing 16% CP, DM basis with either soybean, fish, or corn gluten meal providing the supplemental CP. Cows readily ate all diets. Peak milk yields occurred later and were higher for cows fed soybean (wk 8, 38.9 kg/d) and fish meals (wk 9, 41.6 kg/d) compared with those fed the basal diet (wk 4, 31.0 kg/d) or corn gluten meal (wk 5, 37.5 kg/d). Milk protein yield was greater for cows fed soybean and fish meals. Fish meal decreased milk fat test (3.3 to 2.8%); however, due to differences in milk yields, fat yields were similar for cows fed soybean and fish meals. Productive N (milk + retained N) was greater and BW loss was less for cows fed soybean and fish meals. These data indicate the importance of CP degradability and amino acid pattern on performance.
Some Implications for Learning Centers (1978)

It should be quite clear from the research evidence that successful students tend to plan their work carefully, think ahead, are conscientious, independent, self-confident and recognize the im-portance of finding suitable conditions for effective study (Entwistle and Entwistle, 1970). Being able to organize, having a good self-image and being flexible are most important traits for students to have. For students that are handicapped in various ways, there is hope. Students can learn academic skills, if they have a good teacher and work to help themselves.
Identification of a double five-ring silicate, a possible precursor in the synthesis of ZSM-5 (1983)

A double five-ring silicate has been identified for the first time in the ZSM-5 synthesis mixture using 29Si n.m.r., attenuated total reflection Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry; a redistribution of the silicate species present in the solution phase has been observed after the addition of organic solvents to the ZSM-5 synthesis mixture.
Invited Article: Simultaneous mapping of temperature and stress in microdevices using micro-Raman spectroscopy (2007)

Analysis of the Raman Stokes peak position and its shift has been frequently used to estimate either temperature or stress in microelectronics and microelectromechanical system devices. However, if both fields are evolving simultaneously, the Stokes shift represents a convolution of these effects, making it difficult to measure either quantity accurately. By using the relative independence of the Stokes linewidth to applied stress, it is possible to deconvolve the signal into an estimation of both temperature and stress. Using this property, a method is presented whereby the temperature and stress were simultaneously measured in doped polysilicon microheaters. A data collection and analysis method was developed to reduce the uncertainty in the measured stresses resulting in an accuracy of +/-40 MPa for an average applied stress of -325 MPa and temperature of 520 degrees C. Measurement results were compared to three-dimensional finite-element analysis of the microheaters and were shown to be in excellent agreement. This analysis shows that Raman spectroscopy has the potential to measure both evolving temperature and stress fields in devices using a single optical measurement.