gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of three techniques to detect Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis in bovine urine (1989)

Nucleic acid hybridization, bacteriologic culture, and a fluorescent antibody test were compared for detection of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis in bovine urine. Seventy-five urine samples were collected from pregnant cows challenge exposed with type hardjo-bovis. Twenty samples were collected from steers not exposed to hardjo-bovis. Sediments from each sample were examined, using fluorescent antibodies and a repetitive sequence element nucleic acid probe, to detect the presence of leptospires. Urine samples were processed for bacteriologic culture, using standard techniques. Under laboratory conditions typically used for these techniques, leptospires were detected in 60 of 75 urine samples from challenge exposed cows by nucleic acid hybridization, in 24 samples by fluorescent antibody test, and in 13 samples by bacteriologic culture. Leptospires were not detected in the urine of steers not exposed to hardjo-bovis.
Development of a digital TV system for use in computer systems (1989)

The authors have developed a digital TV system and LSIs which are expected to act as a bridge between the computer-generated image and the TV picture. These LSIs make possible the development of a system that can display TV pictures and computer-generated images simultaneously on a personal computer or workstation monitors. This system is expected to play an important part in desktop video systems. The monitor of the personal computer displays the computer and TV images at the same time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sensing the Torque in a Robot’s Joints (1998)

This article describes design specifications of a new sensor that can accurately measure the torsion moment in a direct-drive robot, even in the presence of strong overhang, thrust forces, and bending moments. Introducing a torque sensor into a robot joint adds flexibility. Although torsional flexibility can be compensated for by sophisticated controllers, deflection in the other axes is more problematic. Consequently, another design criterion dictates high stiffness in non-torsional directions. The sensor design must optimize, and trade off among several conflicting design criteria. Also, many design iterations are required to arrive at a final design. Despite this complexity, it is possible to arrive at a novel basic sensor design. Thin-section rectangular bars experience high stress/ strain concentrations under torsion loads, which yield high sensitivity without sacrificing stiffness. This fact suggests that an appropriate structure should be primarily stressed by torsion. The team used the finite element analysis (FEA) capabilities of I-DEAS from Structural Dynamics Research Corp. to finalize the dimensions so that performance would be optimized. FEA was also used to select the location and proper size of the strain gauges.
Practical Node.js (2018)

This book is your guide to building a wide range of scalable real-world web applications using Node.js and its professional development toolkit. The second edition fully updated for the latest versions of Node (6) and npm (3), making this one of the best and most up-to-date resources on the market
Inkjet Printhead Arrays with No Separating Wall Between Bubbles (2007)

Present work proposes an innovative design of microbubble generator with no separating wall between bubbles, i.e. no manifold and no chamber, so that faster refilling rate and higher resolution can be achieved. This design concept is illustrated by operating three micro heaters in parallel with different delay times of the central heater. The bubble images and induced flowfield in growth/collapsed processes are recorded by CCD camera and measured by micro particle image velocimetry (PIV). In addition, the measured flowfields are compared with numerical simulations based on conservation equations of mass and momentum. This study proposes the use of delay time between adjacent bubbles to mimic the chamber barrier and build pressure of different strength correlating to delay time.
Stroma-free hemoglobin: its presence in plasma does not improve oxygen supply to the resting hindlimb vascular bed of hemodiluted dogs (1991)

In hemodilution, red cell spacing in the microcirculation is increased, flow distribution may become more heterogeneous, and, as a result, oxygen supply to tissues may suffer. We tested the hypothesis that oxygen extraction from diluted blood may be enhanced by the presence of hemoglobin in the plasma phase in relatively low concentrations. In anesthetized dogs, the hindlimb vascular bed was isolated and perfused with the animal's own blood by a roller pump. One group of dogs (n = 6) was hemodiluted (hematocrit = 15.0 +/- 1.0%) with a 6% solution of dextran. A second group of dogs (n = 6) was similarly hemodiluted (hematocrit = 16.0 +/- 0.4%) with dextran containing stroma-free hemoglobin solution whereby plasma-phase hemoglobin concentration was raised to 1.1 +/- 0.1 g.dL-1. Systemic hemodynamic observations were made repeatedly over the subsequent 2.5 h, while blood flow to the hindlimb was progressively reduced in stepwise decrements. The hemoglobin-hemodiluted group showed increased systemic arterial blood pressure and total peripheral resistance when compared with the control (dextran diluted) group. The isolated hindlimb also showed evidence of increased vascular resistance in the hemoglobin-treated group. In each individual animal, critical oxygen delivery and extraction were determined by finding the intercept of the supply-independent and supply-dependent portions of the oxygen uptake/oxygen delivery relationship. Neither the critical oxygen delivery rates (5.75 +/- 0.83 vs. 6.41 +/- 0.53 mL.kg-1.min-1) nor critical oxygen extraction ratios (0.75 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.76 +/- 0.04) were found to be significantly different in the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Stereoselective Halogenation in Natural Product Synthesis (2016)

At last count, nearly 5000 halogenated natural products have been discovered. In approximately half of these compounds, the carbon atom to which the halogen is bound is sp(3) -hybridized; therefore, there are an enormous number of natural products for which stereocontrolled halogenation must be a critical component of any synthesis strategy. In this Review, we critically discuss the methods and strategies used for stereoselective introduction of halogen atoms in the context of natural product synthesis. Using the successes of the past, we also attempt to identify gaps in our synthesis technology that would aid the synthesis of halogenated natural products, as well as existing methods that have not yet seen application in complex molecule synthesis. The chemistry described herein demonstrates yet again how natural products continue to provide the inspiration for critical advances in chemical synthesis.
Cross-document event coreference (1999)

We have developed cross document event tracking technology that extends our earlier efforts in cross document person coreference. The software takes class of events, like "resignations" and clusters documents that mention resignations into equivalence classes. Documents belong to the same equivalence class if they mention the same "resignation" event, i.e. resignations involving the same person, time, and organization. Other events evaluated include "elections" and "espionage" events. Results range from 45--90% F-measure scores and we present a brief interannotator study for the "elections" data set.
Magnetic Recording and Some of Its Applications in the Broadcast Field (1941)

Broadcast stations in this country today depend upon mechanical recording as the only means of storing a program for delayed transmission or for reference purposes. Magnetic recording, which has been frequently used in Europe, has not as yet been introduced into this country in the broadcast field although, because of its characteristics, it has some definite advantages. The magnetic sound carrier has the outstanding feature that it can be repeatedly used for new recordings without any deterioration. On the other hand, a magnetic impression on the sound carrier is not harmed by repeated reproduction. Magnetic recording is, therefore, particularly suitable where time delay in transmission or many repetitions of the same program material are required. This paper will deal briefly with the three essential processes of magnetic recording: the obliterating, the recording, and, finally, the reproducing of a record. The magnetic material to be used will be discussed briefly as will some other necessary electrical and mechanical requirements for obtaining a desired frequency and dynamic range. Reference will be made to applications of magnetic recording systems by European broadcast stations for program delay. Furthermore, a unit will be described which permits short time delays and thus can be used either for producing artificial reverberation or artificial echo. Magnetic recording, in addition to this, promises to be applicable for "spot" announcements.
Interaction of Junctional Adhesion Molecule with the Tight Junction Components ZO-1, Cingulin, and Occludin (2000)

Junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) is an integral membrane protein that has been reported to colocalize with the tight junction molecules occludin, ZO-1, and cingulin. However, evidence for the association of JAM with these molecules is missing. Transfection of Chinese hamster ovary cells with JAM (either alone or in combination with occludin) resulted in enhanced junctional localization of both endogenous ZO-1 and cotransfected occludin. Additionally, JAM was coprecipitated with ZO-1 in the detergent-insoluble fraction of Caco-2 epithelial cells. A putative PDZ-binding motif at the cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus of JAM was required for mediating the interaction of JAM with ZO-1, as assessed by in vitro binding and coprecipitation experiments. JAM was also coprecipitated with cingulin, another cytoplasmic component of tight junctions, and this association required the amino-terminal globular head of cingulin. Taken together, these data indicate that JAM is a component of the multiprotein complex of tight junctions, which may facilitate junction assembly.
Intramolecular quenching of excited singlet states by stable nitroxyl radicals (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular quenching of excited singlet states by stable nitroxyl radicalsS. A. Green, D. J. Simpson, G. Zhou, P. S. Ho, and Neil V. BloughCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 20, 7337–7346Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00176a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00176a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1649Altmetric-Citations224LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
[The benefit of combining spinal morphine and intravenous buprenorphine for perioperative pain]. (2001)

Concurrent administration of opioids with different affinity produces synergistic antinociceptive effect in rats. We tested the perioperative antinociceptive effects of the simultaneous double blind administration of morphine, a pure agonist and buprenorphine, a partial agonist, in 30 patients undergoing hysterectomy under general anesthesia. Pre- and post-operatively regimens consisted of random patient assignment to intrathecal 0.3 mg morphine plus intravenous saline (group 1), intravenous 0.09 mg buprenorphine plus intrathecal saline (group 2) or intrathecal morphine 0.3 mg plus intravenous buprenorphine 0.09 mg (group 3). Postoperative pain relief for group 3 consisted of supplementation of intravenous buprenorphine plus intrathecal saline. The immediate postoperative pain, sedation and anxiety levels (by numerical or categorical scores) were similar among all groups. The 12-hour pain and sedation scores were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in group 3 than in the other two groups. Buprenorphine-induced analgesia in group 3 lasted significantly (P < 0.05) longer than in group 2. Side effects in groups 2 and 3 were by 44% and 42% fewer than in group 1, respectively, with no withdrawal symptoms. Thus, concomitant administration of intrathecal morphine and low dose intravenous buprenorphine produces better and longer pain relief than intravenous buprenorphine alone in women after hysterectomy.
A chicken monoclonal antibody with specificity for the N-terminal of human prion protein (1999)

Chickens were immunized with human prion protein (PrP) peptide H25 (amino acid residues 25-49) coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. From a fusion experiment using the chicken fusion partner cell line MuH1 and immune spleen cells, one mAb, HUC2-13, was generated which reacted with the peptide. HUC2-13 was specific for a pentapeptide (RPKPG) of the N-terminal of the peptide H25. In Western blotting analysis, the mAb reacted with PrP materials from a human Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) case and the membrane fraction from normal murine brain, but not with the same materials pretreated with proteinase K. When compared with the HUC2-13 and the conventional mouse mAb 3F4, the background stainings using the HUC2-13 were minimal. In immunohistochemistry, the HUC2-13 stained positively with kuru plaques in brain sections from patients with Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome (GSS), and also reacted with synaptic structures of the CJD patients. However, any immunolabelings using the HUC2-13 were not observed in the section from a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as CJD-negative control. These results indicate that the mAb HUC2-13 is a suitable tool for immunological and diagnostic analyses of prion disease in humans and other mammals.
Machine Learning Based Predictive Maintenance Strategy: A Super Learning Approach with Deep Neural Networks (2018)

Effective predictive maintenance (PdM) strategy is needed in microelectronic manufacturing to reduce cost and loss of cycle time associated with unplanned maintenance events in fab. Adoption of recent advances in big data analytics methods will help in developing an effective PdM strategy. This paper discusses advanced machine learning based PdM strategy. Various approaches to formulate the PdM problem and solve it are discussed. The performance of respective machine learning algorithms on equipment data is evaluated. To benefit from the strengths of various algorithms a super learning based approach with deep neural networks is proposed. This approach is robust compared to single method selection and handles changing production environment well. This cross validation based stacked model ensemble predictive maintenance strategy is also easy to automate.
<scp>d</scp> -Amino acid oxidase controls motoneuron degeneration through <scp>d</scp> -serine (2011)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder involving an extensive loss of motoneurons. Aberrant excitability of motoneurons has been implicated in the pathogenesis of selective motoneuronal death in ALS. D-serine, an endogenous coagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, exacerbates motoneuronal death and is increased both in patients with sporadic/familial ALS and in a G93A-SOD1 mouse model of ALS (mSOD1 mouse). More recently, a unique mutation in the D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) gene, encoding a D-serine degrading enzyme, was reported to be associated with classical familial ALS. However, whether DAO affects the motoneuronal phenotype and D-serine increase in ALS remains uncertain. Here, we show that genetic inactivation of DAO in mice reduces the number and size of lower motoneurons with axonal degeneration, and that suppressed DAO activity in reactive astrocytes in the reticulospinal tract, one of the major inputs to the lower motoneurons, predominantly contributes to the D-serine increase in the mSOD1 mouse. The DAO inactivity resulted from expressional down-regulation, which was reversed by inhibitors of a glutamate receptor and MEK, but not by those of inflammatory stimuli. Our findings provide evidence that DAO has a pivotal role in motoneuron degeneration through D-serine regulation and that inactivity of DAO is a common feature between the mSOD1 ALS mouse model and the mutant DAO-associated familial ALS. The therapeutic benefit of reducing D-serine or controlling DAO activity in ALS should be tested in future studies.
Reactions of 1-Methyl-2-phenylindole with Malondialdehyde and 4-Hydroxyalkenals. Analytical Applications to a Colorimetric Assay of Lipid Peroxidation (1998)

Under acidic and mild-temperature conditions, 1-methyl-2-phenylindole was found to react with malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenals to yield a stable chromophore with intense maximal absorbance at 586 nm. The use of methanesulfonic acid results in optimal yields of chromophore produced from MDA as well as from 4-hydroxynonenal. By contrast, the use of hydrochloric acid results in an optimal yield of chromophore produced from MDA and a negligible reaction of 4-hydroxynonenal. Taking advantage of such chromogenic reactions, we developed a new colorimetric assay of lipid peroxidation. Using a methanesulfonic acid-based medium, MDA and 4-hydroxyalkenals can be measured at the 586 nm wavelength. However, the presence of endogenous inhibitors of the reaction with 4-hydroxyalkenals is common, and this means that the latter may be underestimated in some biological samples. The assay performed in a hydrochloric acid-based medium enables the specific measurement of MDA in the presence of 4-hydroxyalkenals. Upon hydrolysis of Schiff bases in hydrochloric acid (pH 1.5), either assay can be used to specifically measure the amount of total MDA in biological samples because 4-hydroxyalkenals undergo an irreversible cyclization reaction under the hydrochloric acid-based conditions of hydrolysis. The two assays were applied to the determination of the amount of MDA alone and of MDA and 4-hydroxyalkenals in an in vitro model of lipid peroxidation. This methodology was also used to clarify complex patterns of tissue-specific MDA production in vivo, following hydrolysis of Schiff bases, in rodents treated with doxorubicin.
Unravelling the Scent of Vetiver: Identification of Character‐Impact Compounds (2014)

Vetiver oil is a highly esteemed basic ingredient of modern perfumery, but the nature of the constituents that really impart its typical and most sought woody-earthy scent has remained controversial. Indeed, vetiver oil is considered as one of the most complex essential oils, being mostly composed of several hundreds of sesquiterpene derivatives with a large structural diversity. Its complexity has hindered the direct identification of its odoriferous components. We thus aimed at using a combination of GC×GC/MS and GC-Olfactometry in order to identify most of its odor-impact constituents. The olfactory analysis of vetiver oil and vetiveryl acetate revealed a huge variety of odors in both products. While khusimone has almost unanimously been recognized as the most characteristic vetiver odorant, we have identified several even more important contributors to the typical vetiver character.
DEVELOPMENT OF MYCORRHIZAE, EXTRAMATRICAL MYCELIUM AND SCLEROTIA ON <i>PINUS STROBUS</i> SEEDLINGS (1982)

SUMMARY On Pinus strobus seedlings cultured in growth pouches successful ectomycorrhiza formation took place upon inoculation with Pisolithus tinctorius, Cenococcum geophilum, Suillus granulatus, Suillus tomentosus, Paxillus involutus, Hebeloma cylindrosporum and Thelephora terrestris. Under the conditions used ectomycorrhizae formed within 2 weeks and some of them, P. tinctorius, P. involutus and T. terrestris , developed mantles and Hartig nets in less than 5 days. Mycelial strand formation took place around the root system of P. strobus 2 weeks after inoculation with P. tinctorius. Sampling on the 93rd day revealed no difference in ectomycorrhizal formation or the development of mycelial strands and sclerotia between root systems that were or were not illuminated. However, low light intensities on the aerial parts of the seedlings reduced the mycelial strands and sclerotia formation. Variation of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration added to the pouches were also studied. Increased concentrations of nitrogen, keeping phosphorus constant, led to greener seedlings and increased amount of ectomycorrhizal, mycelial strands and sclerotia. No sclerotia were formed in the complete absence of added nitrogen. Both the percentage of ectomycorrhizal short roots and the phosphorus contents of the seedlings increased in proportion to the amounts of nitrogen added. Increased concentrations of phosphorus, keeping nitrogen constant, led to a reduction in the percentage of ectomycorrhizal short roots without affecting the nitrogen content of the seedlings, the hyphal strands and sclerotia formation. The observations on the ontogeny of the sclerotia of P. tinctorius reported here for the first time fully support their identity as sclerotia.
Tradeoffs between frequency-hop and direct-sequence signaling for frequency-selective fading channels (1996)

Spread-spectrum modulation can provide protection from the selective fading that is typically encountered in mobile radio networks. Because the methods of combating frequency-selective fading are quite different for frequency-hop (FH) and direct-sequence (DS) spread spectrum systems, these two types of modulation behave very differently as the communication channel varies. The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance of FH and DS systems under identical conditions for a general wideband fading channel model. Each system has the same bandwidth, transmits over the same frequency-selective Gaussian wide-sense-stationary uncorrelated-scattering channel, and uses error-correction coding to combat thermal noise and fading. The probability of bit error at the output of the decoder is determined for each system by a combination of analysis and simulation. Results are presented for systems with a single transmitter-receiver pair and for systems with multiple simultaneous transmissions (i.e., multiple-access communications). These results illustrate the tradeoffs in performance between the two types of spread-spectrum systems as a function of the parameters of the spread-spectrum signals and the frequency-selective fading channel.