gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Enzymic Evaluation of Conformationally Defined Carnitine Analogs (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Enzymic Evaluation of Conformationally Defined Carnitine AnalogsWayne J. Brouillette, Ashraf Saeed, Ahmed Abuelyaman, Tracy L. Hutchison, Paul E. Wolkowicz, and Jeanie B. McMillinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 15, 4297–4303Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00094a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00094a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views754Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Computer "Experiments" on Classical Fluids. II. Equilibrium Correlation Functions (1968)

Equilibrium correlation functions for a dense classical fluid are obtained by integrating the equation of motion of a system of 864 particles interacting through a Lennard-Jones potential. The behavior of the correlation function at large distance, and that of its Fourier transform at large wave number, are discussed in detail and shown to be related to the existence of a strong repulsion in the potential. A simple hard-sphere model is shown to reproduce very well the Fourier transform of those correlation functions at high density, the only parameter of the model being the diameter $a$ of the hard spheres.
Study of inhalation toxicity of performic, peracetic and perpropionic acid in mice. (1976)

The acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of laboratory performic, peracetic and stabilized aqueous peracetic acid solution. The differences in the toxicity of the studied of the commercial preparation Persteril for mice was studied. Persteril is a 40% peracids were not statistically significant. The histological findings in the lung tissue of intoxicated mice show that the effet of the given peracids is qualitatively the same. Although their toxicity is not very high, in repared inhalation they can induce temporary pathomorphological lesions in the lung parenchyma and have a negative effect on the development of mice in concentrations of about only 70 mg/m3 air. As regards their inhalation toxicity, performic and perpropionic acid have no advantages over peracetic acid for practical use in the air disinfection. The findings show that it is necessary for persons carrying out spatial disinfection with one of the studied peracids to wear an protective mask.
A new method for treating fluorine wastewater to reduce sludge and running costs (2000)

Reduction of the sludge generated in fluorine wastewater treatment is a critical problem for the semiconductor industry. We have developed a new method for treating fluorine wastewater in order to reduce sludge and running costs. This method utilizes a small amount of Al(OH)/sub 3/ not only as an aggregator for CaF/sub 2/ generated from fluoride ions in the wastewater but also as an effective fluorine adsorbent. The Al(OH)/sub 3/ as fluorine adsorbent is used repeatedly through an AI(OH)3 reclamation process. This method can effectively treat the concentrated fluorine wastewater to achieve an exceedingly low concentration in one-step treatment. We constructed a practical treatment system using this method by modifying part of an existing conventional system. This new treatment system is able to reduce both the total sludge and running costs to about one-tenth those of a conventional system.
A core–shell–satellite structured Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@MS–NH<sub>2</sub>@Pd nanocomposite: a magnetically recyclable multifunctional catalyst for one-pot multistep cascade reaction sequences (2013)

A hierarchical core–shell–satellite structured composite system Fe3O4@MS–NH2@Pd, which was composed of Pd nanoparticles well-dispersed on an amino group functionalized mesoporous silica (MS–NH2) nanosphere, and superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles scattered inside the silica sphere, was prepared by using a facile procedure. The composite combined the catalytic properties of amino groups and Pd nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties of magnetite into a single platform. This integrated nanosystem acted as an efficient magnetically recyclable noble metal-base multifunctional nanocatalyst and showed excellent catalytic activity, selectivity and stability for the direct synthesis of α-alkylated nitriles under mild conditions through facile one-pot multistep cascade reaction sequences.
Study of Structural Transformation in Near-Equiatomic M-Ru (M=V, Nb, Ta) Alloys Based on the Electron Theory (1989)

The structural transformation from the cubic to tetragonal phase has been studied in near-equiatomic M-Ru (M=V, Nb, Ta) alloys through the measurements of electrical resistivity, Hall coefficient and low-temperature specific heat. The transformation temperature TL decreases with decreasing Ru concentration. The values of TL for the binary V-Ru system and the pseudobinary V-Ti-Ru system are universally dependent on the electron-atom ratio Z, indicating the electronic transition. On the other hand, for pseudobinary M-Ti-Ru (M=Nb, Ta) systems, the TL values are not expressed as universal functions of Z. The Hall coefficient RH for V50+xRu50−x alloys decreases in the tetragonal phase, while it increases in the cubic phase with increasing the composition x, showing a minimum at the boundary composition between the cubic and tetragonal phases. For Nb50+xRu50−x and Ta50+xRu50−x alloys, on the contrary, the RH decreases monotonically with increasing x, showing no peak at the boundary composition. The value of electronic specific-heat coefficient γ for V54Ru46 is 7.5 mJ·mol−1·K−2, which is 4.2 times γ for Nb54Ru46 and 7.5 times γ for Ta54Ru46. The values of Debye temperature θD turn out to be 420 K for V54Ru46, 370 K for Nb54Ru46 and 320 K for Ta54Ru46. These results mean that the transformation for V-Ru alloys is caused by the band Jahn-Teller effect, while the one for Nb-Ru and Ta-Ru alloys is mainly caused by the lattice interaction.
A Review of Malaria Diagnostic Tools: Microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) (2007)

The absolute necessity for rational therapy in the face of rampant drug resistance places increasing importance on the accuracy of malaria diagnosis. Giemsa microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) represent the two diagnostics most likely to have the largest impact on malaria control today. These two methods, each with characteristic strengths and limitations, together represent the best hope for accurate diagnosis as a key component of successful malaria control. This review addresses the quality issues with current malaria diagnostics and presents data from recent rapid diagnostic test trials. Reduction of malaria morbidity and drug resistance intensity plus the associated economic loss of these two factors require urgent scaling up of the quality of parasite-based diagnostic methods. An investment in anti-malarial drug development or malaria vaccine development should be accompanied by a parallel commitment to improve diagnostic tools and their availability to people living in malarious areas.
Doppler sonar observation of tidal flow (1983)

The paper presents and interprets results on observations of water velocity and turbulence obtained in a tidal channel by use of a high resolution Doppler sonar. The observations are presented in the form of vertical profiles of Doppler spectra expressed with a velocity resolution of 0.2 cm s −1 and obtained continuously through several days, thereby covering numerous tidal cycles. Vertical profiles of mean longitudinal water flow expressed with a water depth resolution of 3.5 cm are presented and discussed. The vertical profiles of spectral variance are also calculated and interpreted in terms of the presence of turbulence generation, dissipation and transport. The observed velocity variance involves contribution from scales extending from the scattering dimension (3 to 15 cm) to possibly less than 0.5 cm, depending on the concentration of the targets. There is a striking organization and repeatibility of the velocity structures during successive tidal cycles. An attempt to separate the contribution to spectral variance due to a possible covariance between horizontal and vertical velocity components, is presented.
Design of State-Space-Based Control Algorithms for Wind Turbine Speed Regulation (2003)

Control can improve the performance of wind turbines by enhancing energy capture and reducing dynamic loads. At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, we are beginning to design control algorithms for regulation of turbine speed and power using state-space control designs. In this paper, we describe the design of such a control algorithm for regulation of rotor speed in full-load operation (Region 3) for a two-bladed wind turbine. We base our control design on simple linear models of a turbine, which contain rotor and generator rotation, drive train torsion, rotor flap (first mode only), and tower fore-aft degrees of freedom (DOFs). Wind-speed fluctuations are accounted for using Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC). We show the capability of these control schemes to stabilize the modeled turbine modes via pole placement, while using state estimation to reduce the number of turbine measurements that are needed for these algorithms. These controllers are incorporated into a simulation code and simulated for various conditions. Finally, conclusions to this work and future studies are outlined.
Acute cytokine-mediated downregulation of the zinc transporter ZnT8 alters pancreatic β-cell function (2010)

Genetic studies suggest that Zn transporters such as ZnT8 play a role in insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells; however, little is known about the dynamic roles of Zn trafficking pathways on beta-cell physiology. To test the acute effects of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) on Zn homeostasis, the mRNA expression profile of Zn transporters of the ZnT and ZIP families was examined. Exposure of MIN6 cells or primary murine islets to IL1 beta or TNFalpha altered the mRNA expression profile of Zn transporters; most notable was decreased ZnT8 mRNA levels. siRNA-mediated gene knockdown was used to examine the effects of decreased ZnT8 expression in primary dispersed murine islet cells from C57/BL6 mice and MIN6 cells. ZnT8 knockdown in these murine islets led to reduced glucose stimulated insulin secretion without altering the total cellular insulin content or cell viability at normal or supraphysiological Zn concentrations. The labile Zn content determined by flow cytometry after loading with the Zn-specific sensor FluoZin-3 AM was decreased in MIN6 cells following ZnT8 knockdown or IL1 beta treatment. These results suggest that an acute decrease in ZnT8 levels impairs beta-cell function and Zn homeostasis, and may contribute to inflammatory cytokine-induced alterations in beta-cell function.
Le renouveau maoïste et le virage conservateur dans la politique chinoise (2012)

Cet article evalue le renouveau du maoisme en Chine au moment ou des factions de premier plan au sein du Parti communiste chinois operent un virage conservateur tant sur le plan ideologique que politique. Alors que la campagne du changhong (« chanter des chants rouges ») menee par Bo Xilai, chef evince du Parti de la municipalite de Chongqing, a focalise l’attention aussi bien en Chine qu’a l’etranger, des factions proches du pouvoir allant de la Ligue de la jeunesse communiste sous l'influence du president Hu Jintao au clan des « fils de princes » (taizidang, egalement appeles « Princes rouges »), mene par le vice-president Xi Jinping ressuscitaient egalement divers aspects des enseignements et des valeurs associes au Grand Timonier. Ainsi, la mort politique de Bo ne signifie en aucun cas la fin du renouveau du maoisme. Cet article evalue egalement l’impact de la restauration des normes maoistes sur certains aspects de la politique chinoise tels que l’avenir des reformes politiques.
SYN-dog: sniffing SYN flooding sources (2003)

Presents a simple and robust mechanism called SYN-dog to sniff SYN flooding sources. We install SYN-dog as a software agent at leaf routers that connect stub networks to the Internet. The statelessness and low computation overhead of SYN-dog make itself immune to any flooding attacks. The core mechanism of SYN-dog is based on the protocol behavior of TCP SYN-SYN/ACK pairs, and is an instance of the sequential change detection. To make SYN-dog insensitive to site and access pattern, a non-parametric cumulative sum (CUSUM) method is applied, thus making SYN-dog much more generally applicable and its deployment much easier. Due to its proximity to the flooding sources, SYN-dog can trace the flooding sources without resorting to expensive IP traceback.
Practical Considerations in the Design of an Obstacle Detection, Mapping and Path Planning System for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (2014)

Practical considerations in the design of an obstacle detection, mapping and path planning system for small unmanned aircraft systems. International Journal of Unmanned Systems Engineering. 2(3): x-x. This paper discusses some of the practical engineering considerations relevant to the development and implementation of Obstacle Detection, Mapping and Path Planning Systems (ODMAPPS) for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). To illustrate the discussion, results are presented for a quad-rotor UAS, which employs a LIght Detection and Ranging sensor for obstacle detection, a dynamic occupancy grid using Bayesian estimation for obstacle mapping, and the depth first search, breadth first search and rapidly exploring random tree algorithms for path planning. Practical considerations explored include the platform dynamics; pose error; sensor accuracy and resolution; size and complexity of the obstacle environment; and dynamic obstacles and their effect on the design of an ODMAPPS for small UAS. The practical considerations identified and discussed emphasise the need for a more holistic approach to the design of ODMAPPS for UAS; extending design considerations to beyond the performance of algorithms (a focus of existing research) to include aspects of the system, its environment, and mission purpose.
There's a big niche market for infertility care. (1996)

A lucrative niche remains in a market increasingly dominated by managed care and cost containment. Many infertile women are willing to pay just about any price for infertility products, usually not covered by their insurers, writes Pamela Moore, managing editor of Healthcare Advertising Review.
Molecular mechanisms of the origin of micronuclei from extrachromosomal elements (2010)

In addition to micronuclei that are formed from chromosomal material (the chromosome-type micronuclei), there are also micronuclei formed from extrachromosomal elements [the double minute (DM)-type micronuclei]. These two types of micronuclei are distinct entities, which exist and arise independently in a cell. A DM is a large extrachromosomal element that consists of amplified genes that are commonly seen in cancer cells; the aggregates of DMs can eventually be expressed as DM-type micronuclei. The question of how the DM-type micronuclei arise was answered by uncovering the quite unique intracellular behaviour of DMs during the cell cycle progression. This behaviour of DMs appeared to be common among the broad spectrum of extrachromosomal elements of endogenous, exogenous or artificial origin. Therefore, studying the biology of DM-type micronuclei will enable us to understand how these extrachromosomal structures may be retained within a cell or expelled from the nucleus and eliminated from the cell. This knowledge could also be used for the treatment of cancers and the development of a new mammalian host-vector system.
Sensorization of Robotic Hand Using Optical Three-Axis Tactile Sensor: Evaluation with Grasping and Twisting Motions (2010)

Problem statement: Sensitization of robot hand is still remaining as crucial issue since most of robot hand systems nowadays are only capable to grasp a predefined specific object. It is still difficult for robot hand system to realize human-like tactile sensation. Some common problems in robot hand system are low accuracy sensing device, sensors are not robust enough for long time work and heavy duties, inconsistence tactile sensing detection and difficulties in control of sensing fusion with robot trajectory. These problems are apparently drawback the progress to commercializing robot hands as real consumer products. Approach: This study presented the application of optical three-axis tactile sensor to robot hand to improve sensitization quality in robotic hand system. The proposed tactile sensor system was designed with compliance modules to communicate with robot hand control system. The sensing principle used in this tactile sensor comparatively provides better sensing accuracy to detect contact phenomena from acquisition of three axial directions of forces. Methodology of force and slippage detection in the tactile sensor system was presented. Accordingly, the optimization of robot hand control algorithm to comply with the tactile sensor system was presented and verified in experiment of grasping and twisting. Results: The tactile sensor presented in this study is capable of detecting normal and shear force simultaneously. The proposed methodology was verified in experiment with paper cup and water, in which the result shows the robot control system managed to respond to the proposed object stiffness distinction parameters and effectively respond to sudden change of object weight during grasping. An experiment of grasping and twisting motions was conducted using a bottle cap. In order to perform simultaneous grasping and twisting tasks, optimization of the control algorithm was conducted with additional parameters to satisfy the desired tasks. Conclusion: Experimental result shows that the robot hand managed to perform grasping and twisting of bottle cap smoothly. The overall results revealed good performance of the proposed optical three-axis tactile sensor system and robot hand control algorithm for future application in a real artificial robot hand. In addition, slippage sensation measured in a robot control system could contribute a better maneuvering of the robot arm-finger system.
Electrical indication of airflow rate (1979)

Adaption of gas-flow measurement technique originally developed by C. C. Thomas in 1911 is used for temperature measurements which are easily converted to electrical signals.
Low temperature Li-ion battery ageing (2014)

Different kinds of batteries suit different applications, and consequently several different chemistries exist. In order to better understand the limitations of low temperature performance, a Li-ion battery chemistry normally intended for room temperature use, graphite-Lithium Iron Phosphate, with 1 M LiPF6 ethylene carbonate:diethylene carbonate electrolyte, is here put under testing at -10°C and compared with room temperature cycling performance. Understanding the temperature limitations of this battery chemistry will give better understanding of the desired properties of a substitute using alternative materials. The experimental studies have comprised a combination of battery cycle testing, and surface analysis of the electrodes by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Results showed that with low enough rate, temperature is less of a problem, but with increased charge rate, there are increasingly severe effects on performance at low temperatures. XPS measurements of low charge rate samples showed similar Solid Electrolyte Interface layers formed on the graphite anode for room- and low temperature batteries, but with indications of a thicker layer on the former. A section of the report handles specific low temperature battery chemistries. The conclusions- and outlook were made by comparing the results found in the study with earlier findings on low temperature Li-ion batteries and present possible approaches for modifying battery performance at lowered temperatures.
Construction of a flashlamp-pumped dye laser and an acousto-optic modulator for mode-locking (1971)

In this paper is presented the design of a flashlamp-pumped dye laser capable of emitting light pulses 500 ns wide (FWHM) with a risetime of 300 ns. The energy output in the visible region of light is 1 to 1 mj with an energy conversion efficiency of about 0. 01% at a repetition rate of 30 pps. The design of an acousto-optic modulator used to mode-iock the dye laser by intracavity loss modulation is presented. The laser output for a given cavity length depends on the frequency and voltage applied to the inodulator; a 10% -100% modulated output can be obtained with 1 V rms - Z0 V rms, whereas a train of light pulses nar- rower than 0. 8 ns (FWHM) can be obtained with 80 V rms.
Evaluation of Switchgrass Rhizosphere Microflora for Enhancing Seedling Yield and Nutrient Uptake (1998)

Abstract Many rhizosphere microorganisms enhance nutrient uptake and plant growth, but their effectiveness can vary with host species and with genotype within species. This study evaluated the effectiveness of rhizosphere microflora indigenous to the rhizosphere of switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) for enhancing seedling yield and nutrient uptake. Switchgrass roots and rhizosphere soil were collected from native prairies and seeded stands in Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, Missouri, Virginia, and North Carolina. Seedlings of four switchgrass cultivars were inoculated with root fragments and rhizosphere soil from each collection, fertilized with a nutrient solution, and grown in steamed sand for 12 wk in a greenhouse. Seedlings inoculated with rhizosphere microflora produced up to 15‐fold greater shoot and root yields, and recovered up to 6‐fold more N and 36‐fold more P than seedlings inoculated with rhizosphere bacteria only. These responses were consistent for all four switchgrass cultivars and were probably due to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Switchgrass rhizosphere populations were highly variable in their ability to recover N and P and stimulate seedling shoot and root yields. Seedlings inoculated with rhizosphere populations from seeded switchgrass stands averaged 1.5‐fold greater shoot and root yields than seedlings inoculated with rhizosphere populations from native prairies. Rhizosphere populations that stimulated the greatest N uptake differed from populations that resulted in the greatest P uptake. Highly effective microbial populations appear to develop in the rhizosphere of seeded switchgrass stands.