gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide Derivatives as Potent Serotonin-3 (5-HT3) Receptor Antagonists. (1994)

A series of N-(azabicyclo-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for serotonin-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonistic activities assessed by 5-HT3 receptor binding (in vitro) and by the ability to antagonize the von Bezold-Jarisch reflex in rats (in vivo). In these compounds, 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl derivatives were more potent than 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl derivatives for 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic activities. The introduction of methyl groups at position 2 of the dihydrobenzofuran ring increased the pharmacological activities (dimethyl > monomethyl > dihydro). Furthermore, the stereoisomers of dimethyl-, monomethyl-, and dihydrobenzofuran derivatives were prepared to evaluate the stereoselectivity of their 5-HT3 receptor binding affinities. Concerning the basic part, the compounds bearing (S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl moiety were more potent than their counterparts. With respect to the methyl substituent at position 2 of the dihydrobenzofuran ring, the rank order of the potency was dimethyl > or = (2S)-methyl > (2R)-methyl > dihydro. These results suggest that the (2S)-methyl group of the dihydrobenzofuran part contributes to the enhancement of the pharmacological activity. Among these compounds, (S)-N-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2,2- dimethylbenzofuran-7-carboxamide hydrochloride (24) showed the highest affinity for 5-HT3 receptors (Ki = 0.055 nM), and the most potent antagonistic activity on the von Bezold-Jarisch reflex (ED50 = 0.18 microgram/kg i.v.).
Corrugated long-period fiber gratings as strain, torsion, and bending sensors (2001)

We present a novel corrugated long-period fiber grating whose transmission spectra are highly sensitive to the applied tensile strain, torsion, and bending due to the periodical index modulation created and changed by these mechanic forces. The induced index modulation can also be experimentally characterized by using a built-in fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The long period fiber gratings possess the following unique properties when used as sensors. As a tensile strain sensor, its resonance loss varies but resonance wavelength remains stable. As a torsion sensor, the wavelength varies with the applied twist rate. As a bending sensor, the cladding-mode resonance grows with the bending curvature.
Dynamic speckle illumination microscopy with translated versus randomized speckle patterns (2006)

Dynamic speckle illumination (DSI) microscopy is a widefield fluorescence imaging technique that provides depth discrimination. The technique relies on the illumination of a sample with a sequence of speckle patterns. We consider an image processing algorithm based on a differential intensity variance between consecutive images, and demonstrate that DSI sectioning strength depends on the dynamics of the speckle pattern. Translated speckle patterns confer greater sectioning strength than randomized speckle patterns because they retain out-of-focus correlations that lead to better background rejection. We present a theory valid for arbitrary point-spread-functions, which we corroborate with experimental results.
Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance the Angiogenic Potential of Endothelial Progenitor Cells, But Not of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (2012)

One of the current challenges in the field of adipose tissue engineering is to promote sufficient vascularization to prevent cell death and to support adipose tissue formation. Thus, a novel strategy to enhance neovascularization of tissue-engineered adipose tissue might be the coimplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). However, no knowledge is given about the cellular interaction in vitro of human ASCs derived from subcutaneous fat tissue and EPCs derived from human peripheral blood. In this study, the first aim was to characterize ASCs and EPCs. Secondly, the two-dimensional Matrigel assay and the three-dimensional spheroid sprouting assay were applied for analyzing the ASC-EPC interaction in regard to formation of capillary-like structures by EPCs by ASC-conditioned medium (CM) or coculture of both cell types and compared to cocultures of ASCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). ASC-CM had no influence on the formation of capillary-like structures by EPCs. However, coculture with ASCs significantly enhanced the formation of capillary-like structures by EPCs; an effect that was not observed in cocultures of ASCs with HUVECs. Importantly, this increase in capillary-like structure formation by EPCs due to cell-cell contact was associated with significantly increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and VEGF-A mRNA expression, while inhibition of VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases completely abolished this effect. In conclusion, these data suggest that cellular communication occurs between ASCs and EPCs triggered by cell-cell contact or at least close proximity, which is partially mediated by secreted VEGF leading to the enhancement of angiogenic properties in EPCs, but not in HUVECs.
Mechanism of thallium extraction in pump perfused canine hearts. (1985)

Myocardial extraction of Tl has been postulated to depend on the rate of delivery (flow rate) and the metabolic state of tissue (ATPase activity). Experiments were performed to assess the role of these factors. In 22 arrested dog hearts the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries were cannulated and pump perfused with oxygenated blood containing 204Tl. Isotope activity was determined in coronary sinus blood. The myocardial extraction ratio (E) of Tl varied inversely with flow, and the permeability-surface area product (PS) increased with increasing flow rates. These findings indicate that Tl uptake is flow dependent and can be analyzed with Renkin's capillary clearance theory. To assess the role of ATPase in Tl uptake, studies were also performed with blood containing ouabain. After introducing ouabain, coronary sinus blood Tl activity increased, approaching arterial activity, and E fell markedly. It was concluded that myocardial Tl uptake is mediated by ATPase.
Elicitation of Lignin Biosynthesis and Isoperoxidase Activity by Pectic Fragments in Suspension Cultures of Castor Bean (1989)

Suspension cultures of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) which have been treated with pectic fragment elicitor rapidly accumulate lignin as measured by derivatization with thioglycolic acid. The responsiveness of cultured cells to elicitor is dependent on the stage of culture growth. In 6-day (maximally responsive) cultures, increases in lignin are first evident 3 hours after addition of pectic fragment elicitor with maximal rates of lignin synthesis between 4 and 10 hours. The abundance of lignin in cultures after 12 hours of elicitor treatment is 10- to 20-fold higher than in untreated control cultures and can thereby account for as much as 2% of the dry cell weight. Only intermediate sizes of pectic oligomer are active as elicitors of lignin. Half-maximal accumulation of lignin occurs at 250 to 300 micrograms per milliliter of an optimal elicitor preparation with an average degree of polymerization of seven. We consider the synthesis of lignin in elicited cultures to be a mechanism of plant disease resistance which is induced by the elicitor. Plant peroxidases have been proposed to catalyze the last enzymatic steps in the biosynthesis of both lignin and hydrogen peroxide. Six extracellular isoenzymes of peroxidase (two anionic, designated A1 and A2, and four cationic, designated C2, C3, C4, and C7) are detectable in healthy suspension cultures of castor bean by native gel electrophoresis. Treatment of cultures with elicitor causes substantial changes in the activity of four of these species (A1, C2, C3, and C7). Elicitor treatment also results in the appearance of three new peroxidase isoenzymes that are not readily detectable in healthy cultures (C1, C5, and C6). Increases in the activities of these isoenzymes are concurrent with or slightly precede the accumulation of lignin in elicited 6-day cultures. By 12 hours after addition of elicitor, C1 becomes the most abundant extracellular isoperoxidase. The differential regulation of expression of peroxidase isoenzymes following elicitor treatment suggests that individual isoenzymes of peroxidase may have specific functional roles in the biosynthesis of disease-lignin.
Letter (1991)

Dear Editor, I very much enjoyed reading Jane Fleming’s article on the work of HelpAge Kenya, ‘Growing old in Kenya’ ( Nursing the Elderly November/ December 1990). HelpAge Kenya is one of the founder members of HelpAge International, along with Help the Aged (UK). HelpAge India and Pro Vida Colombia.
Regulation of cytokine gene expression: tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and the emerging biology of cytokine receptors. (1995)

Cytokines are bioactive molecules which mediate host responses to inflammatory stimuli. For cytokines to exert their effects, a number of molecular processes must occur. Inflammatory cells must sense the presence of a stimulus, often by detection of that stimulus via cell-surface receptors. Information detected at the cell surface must be transduced intracellularly, and the machinery of cytokine messenger RNA and protein synthesis initiated. Once secreted, cytokines must bind specific receptors on target tissues; these receptors in turn transduce signals which alter target cell phenotypes and responses. Each one of these steps is tightly regulated and may serve as a target for therapeutic manipulation. In this article, the regulation of cytokine gene expression is summarized, with particular emphasis on the regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 biosynthesis. Attention is focused on therapeutic agents which alter cytokine production or activity, some of which are currently used in the ICU.
3D-printed total consumption microflow nebuliser development for trace element analysis in organic matrices <i>via</i> inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (2020)

A new total consumption micronebuliser for ICP-MS was developed and optimised in this work.
Identifying program, test, and environmental changes that affect behaviour (2011)

Developers evolve a software system by changing the program source code, by modifying its context by updating libraries or changing its configuration, and by improving its test suite. Any of these changes can cause differences in program behaviour. In general, program paths may appear or disappear between executions of two subsequent versions of a system. Some of these behavioural differences are expected by a developer; for example, executing new program paths is often precisely what is intended when adding a new test. Other behavioural differences may or may not be expected or benign. For example, changing an XML configuration file may cause a previously-executed path to disappear, which may or may not be expected and could be problematic. Furthermore, the degree to which a behavioural change might be problematic may only become apparent over time as the new behaviour interacts with other changes.
Nonlinear optics in aerosols (1980)

We identify an aerosol of dielectric particles as a broadband, low-power nonlinear-optics medium. We demonstrate theoretically that a room-temperature volume of 5-μm-radius glass spheres will exhibit a third-order susceptibility in the visible equal to ~10f esu, where f is the volumetric packing fraction of the spheres. The response of the system is broadband throughout the visible, and the nonlinear-optic gain coefficient is shown to exceed the extinction coefficient because of scattering at pump-power levels on the order of 0.3 W/cm2. Two techniques for levitation of the aerosol are quantitatively evaluated.
Motility induction in hamster spermatozoa from caput epididymidis : effects of forward motility protein (FMP) and calmodulin inhibitor (1984)

The motility characteristics and the behaviour of caput spermatozoa were investigated. After dilution in B2 medium the majority of spermatozoa presented head-to-head agglutination and a twisted flagellum. Only a small population of these spermatozoa developed an anarchic motility pattern. The addition of crude bovine epididymal fluid forward motility protein (FMP) to the incubation medium suppressed flagellar angulation and agglutination. The addition of FMP to caffeine-activated spermatozoa induced a slow-swimming progressive movement in about 10% of the spermatozoa. In order to establish an hypothetical role of FMP in the regulation of calcium transport a calmodulin inhibitor, fluphenazin, was tested. When added to caffeine-activated spermatozoa at a rate of 10(-5) M, it induced about 15% of progressive spermatozoa with flagellar angulations. The trajectories of these spermatozoa were similar to those observed in samples of spermatozoa from the cauda epididymidis. It is concluded that during epididymal maturation a calcium-dependent mechanism might be involved in the transformation of an irregular movement into a progressive movement.
Bis(trialkylsilyl) chalcogenides. 1. Preparation and reduction of group VIA oxides (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis(trialkylsilyl) chalcogenides. 1. Preparation and reduction of group VIA oxidesMichael R. Detty and Mark D. SeidlerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 7, 1354–1356Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00346a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00346a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1561Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Topic Distillation and Clustering Algorithm Based on the Topology of Pages-Keywords (2006)

Hits algorithm has gotten great success and been applied in the analysis of Web linking. Hits algorithm is used to search the authority pages and the hub pages from the results of the search engine, and it can also be used to search the Web communities. But Hits algorithm is based on the hyperlinks of the pages, it is easy to bring the problem of topic excursion. Hits algorithm requires a number of pages as the basic-set for calculating and cannot be used in plain texts. This paper introduces a new algorithm: PK-TDC which makes use of the iterative idea of Hits. PK-TDC searches the authority pages and keywords on the topology of pages-keywords, and clusters the pages by their including keywords. The experiment shows PK-TDC algorithm significantly performs in extracting the subjects and clustering not only in the pages with hyperlinks but also in the plain texts
A comparison of synaptophysin, chromogranin, and L-dopa decarboxylase as markers for neuroendocrine differentiation in lung cancer cell lines. (1990)

Synaptophysin is a Mr 38,000 integral membrane glycoprotein expressed by a variety of normal and neoplastic neuroendocrine cells. We studied synaptophysin as an immunocytochemical marker for neuroendocrine differentiation in lung cancer and compared it to the immunocytochemical expression of chromogranin A, a marker for dense core (endocrine) granules, and the biochemical activity of L-dopa decarboxylase (DDC), the key amine-handling enzyme. Of the 250 cell lines available to us, we selected examples representative of the following cell types: bronchial carcinoids (n = 4), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n = 7), extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (n = 4), and non-small cell lung cancers (n = 18) whose neuroendocrine status had been previously determined on the basis of electron microscopy and DDC activity. We demonstrated (a) there was a higher incidence of synaptophysin than chromogranin A immunoreactivity in carcinoid (100 versus 75%), classic SCLC (70 versus 50%), and variant SCLC (57 versus 29%) cell lines; (b) 3 of the 4 (75%) extrapulmonary small cell lung cancer cell lines expressed synaptophysin and chromogranin A; (c) 5 of the 7 (71%) non-small cell lung cancer cell lines previously shown to express multiple neuroendocrine markers were positive for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and DDC activity; (d) none of the other 11 non-small cell lung cancer cell lines expressed synaptophysin or chromogranin A; and (e) formalin fixation and paraffin embedding reduced synaptophysin immunoreactivity in 11 of 14 (79%) of the cell lines, as compared to freshly prepared specimens fixed in 95% ethanol. Western blot analysis using the synaptophysin antibody (SY38) demonstrated immunoreactive proteins ranging from Mr 43,000 to 45,000 in five representative cell lines. The concordance of expression of all three neuroendocrine markers was statistically significant when values for all cell lines were totalled. Synaptophysin was a more commonly expressed marker for variant SCLC cell lines, which rarely showed DDC activity. We conclude that synaptophysin may be a more sensitive and specific marker for neuroendocrine differentiation, when compared to chromogranin A and DDC in lung cancer cell lines which express only part of the neuroendocrine program.
High Frequency Circuit Materials With Increased Thermal Conductivity (2010)

This article describes a ment has always new microwave laminate been a major con-material with enhanced cern in the design of high thermal conductivity, which frequency, high power simplifies management of electronic devices. His-heat dissipation for boardtorically, in most power mounted power devices amplifier designs, the vast majority of the power dissipated is from the high power field effect transistors (FET) themselves. In these cases, the high power dissipation requires direct attachment of the FETs to a finned heat sink, or conduction through copper “coins ” placed in areas where the polymer composite dielectric circuit substrate has been machined away.
THE MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF SELECTED TRAITS OF WORLD COLLECTION OF POPPY GENOTYPES (GENUS PAPAVER) (2009)

In the fi rst stage of research the 404 genotypes of poppy (Papaver) from World collection were evaluated during 1999. The fi eld trial was established on research base of SAU in Nitra. The aim of the study was to assess morphological characteristic and diversity of selected traits of poppy plants and create a digitalized visual documentation of studied traits of collection. 50-60 individuals for each accession were cultivated. During vegetation period 22 morphological traits have been assess and visual documentation of main fl ower, lower leaf, capsules and seed was made. During the phase of mature, 20 randomly selected plants were analyzed for 24 qualitative and quantitative traits. On the base of screening follow-up assessment of 94 genotypes was broadening of 8 morphometric analysis of plant during 2003. In present work variability of evaluated traits and morphometric analysis of 24 selected genotypes of poppy is discussed. On the base of morphometric analysis, the important diversity of observed traits have been recognized in agro-climatic conditions of Slovakia, documented by statistical characteristics and by digitalized documentation of accessions.
A case of tracheobronchomegaly. (1986)

A case of a 56-year-old man with tracheobronchomegaly (TBM) is reported. He complained of cough, sputum and hoarseness. Clinical examination including bronchoscopy, chest X-ray film, esophagography, bronchography and CT scan were performed. It was noted by chest plain film and bronchoscopy that the tracheal lumen was markedly enlarged to show 33mm in diameter. Tumorous lesion were suspected upon CT scan and by esophageal contrast study. Valuable clinical examination in this case were chest X-ray film and bronchoscopy. TBM is a very rare disease and only one case has been reported is Japan. Furthermore, coexistence of esophageal tumor has not been reported in literature. The relationship between TBM and chronic inflammation has been suggested in literature. Its pathogenesis is discussed.
Constitutive overexpression of a 89 kDa heat shock protein gene in the HBL100 human mammary cell line converted to a tumorigenic phenotype by the EJ/T24 Harvey-ras oncogene. (1991)

The non tumorigenic human mammary cell line HBL100 has been transformed by the EJ/T24 human bladder carcinoma Harvey(Ha)-ras oncogene. Six cell lines were established from transformed colonies. They all expressed a high level of the ras oncogene and were tumorigenic in athymic nude mice. During an in vivo passage in animals, tumour cells presenting a growth advantage were selected, and some of the tumours revealed an amplification of the transfected ras sequences. Using this model of human cell transformation, we have isolated a cDNA clone corresponding to a heat shock protein gene (hsp89 alpha). This gene, normally transcribed at a higher rate in response to serum stimulation, was found to be constitutively overexpressed in ras-transformed HBL100 cells. In contrast, a closely related hsp gene (hsp89 beta), remained sensitive to serum stimulation, in both untransformed and ras-transformed HBL100 cells. Thus, the regulation of the expression of the hsp89 genes, upon serum stimulation, involves ras-dependent and ras-independent pathways. Constitutive overexpression of the murine homolog of the hsp89 alpha was observed in NIH3T3 cells transformed by the three ras oncogenes, but not with some other oncogenes. Therefore, alteration of the hsp89 alpha gene expression is not a general characteristic of transformed cells, but seems to be linked to ras transformation.