gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Atherosclerosis and Stiffness of the Thoracic Descending Aorta With Cholesterol-Lowering Therapies in Familial Hypercholesterolemia (1996)

The thoracic aorta is frequently involved in atherosclerotic lesions associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allows quantitative evaluation of the wall properties of the thoracic aorta. Using TEE, we tested whether atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta in FH could be improved by cholesterol-lowering therapies. The subjects investigated were 22 FH patients and 22 age-matched normal subjects. The descending aorta (DA) was divided into four longitudinal portions of equal length. Atheromatous lesions of each portion of the DA were scored by character and extension of lesions by biplane two-dimensional TEE. The scores of atheromatous lesions from all four portions of the DA were added together to give the total atheromatous score (TAS). We also measured instantaneous dimensional changes of the DA in a cardiac cycle by M-mode TEE and blood pressure by a cuff method and calculated the stiffness parameter beta (In[SBP/DBP]/[Dmax-Dmin]/Dmin), where SBP is the systolic arterial blood pressure, DBP is the diastolic arterial blood pressure, Dmax is the maximum aortic dimension during the ejection period, and Dmin is the minimum aortic dimension during the preejection period. TAS was higher in FH (3.70 +/- 1.32) than normal (0.62 +/- 0.54, P < .0001) subjects. Beta in FH (10.35 +/- 4.87) was greater than in normal (5.10 +/- 1.25, P < .0001) subjects, but there were no significant differences of DA dimensions between the groups. In both normal subjects and FH patients, beta correlated with age (r = .52, P < .02 and r = .59, P < .005, respectively). In FH patients, beta and TAS correlated well with pretreatment total cholesterol levels (r = .43, P < .05 and r = .60, P < .005, respectively). In 12 of 22 FH patients, strict cholesterol-lowering therapies with diet and cholesterol-lowering drugs (pravastatin and probucol) were undertaken for 13 months. Cholesterol levels were significantly decreased from 333 +/- 45 to 219 +/- 39 mg/dL (P < .0001); this was associated with significant decreases in beta and TAS (from 9.88 +/- 5.03 to 7.88 +/- 3.92, P < .005, and from 3.61 +/- 1.50 to 2.94 +/- 1.22, P < .0005, respectively). In FH patients, the incidence and severity of morphological and physiological atherosclerosis of the DA were significantly higher than in age-matched normal subjects. A significant regression of atherosclerosis was achieved by strict cholesterol-lowering therapies in relatively young FH patients.
Prospects for the control of neglected tropical diseases by mass drug administration (2009)

The prospects for the control of neglected tropical diseases, including soil-transmitted helminthiasis, shistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis and trachoma, through mass drug administration, are exemplified by the elimination of the trachoma as a public-health problem in Morocco. In spite of this and other striking successes, mass drug administration programs are faced with major challenges resulting from suboptimal coverage and lack of efficacy. At current suboptimal coverage rates, programs may need prolongation for an extended period, increasing costs and undermining sustainability. Community participation through health education and information appears to be crucial to improve coverage and to achieve sustainability. Implementation of complementary measures, such as vector control, improved hygiene and environmental sanitation, are important to further control transmission and to prevent re-emergence of the infection and, again, may only be achieved effectively through community-based initiatives. To reduce costs and to relieve pressure on the health system, combining neglected tropical disease programs in areas where diseases coexist and integration with existing control programs for malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS is advocated. The risk of developing drug resistance is of particular concern in view of the lack of alternative drugs, and reduced treatment efficacy due to emerging resistance is evident for the soil-transmitted helminths and onchocerciasis. Given the risk for the development of drug resistance and the need for a high degree of participation, close attention should be paid to the monitoring of the coverage and efficacy of the different program components.
Analysis and characterization of the folates in the nonmethanogenic archaebacteria (1988)

A detailed analysis of the folate coenzymes in the nonmethanogenic archaebacteria has been performed. By using the Lactobacillus casei microbiological assay for folates, the levels of folates in Sulfolobus solfataricus and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius were found to be 3.7 and 8.3 ng/g (dry weight) of cells, respectively, compared with 88,000 and 28,000 ng/g (dry weight) of cells in Halobacterium halobium and Halobacterium strain GN-1, respectively. The levels of folates found in the Sulfolobus spp. were approximately 100 times less than those found in the typical eubacterium, whereas the levels in the halobacteria were approximately 10 times higher. The folate in Sulfolobus solfataricus was shown to consist of only 5-formyltetrahydropteroylglutamate, and the folate in Halobacterium strain GN-1 was shown to consist of only pteroyldiglutamate. The low folate levels in the Sulfolobus spp. are the same as those found in the methanogenic bacteria, suggesting that another C1 carrier may function in these cells.
Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding the glycoprotein of hen oviduct microsomal signal peptidase (1992)

Detergent-solubilized hen oviduct signal peptidase has been characterized previously as an apparent complex of a 19 kDa protein and a 23 kDa glycoprotein (GP23) [Baker & Lively (1987) Biochemistry 26, 8561-8567]. A cDNA clone encoding GP23 from a chicken oviduct lambda gt11 cDNA library has now been characterized. The cDNA encodes a protein of 180 amino acid residues with a single site for asparagine-linked glycosylation that has been directly identified by amino acid sequence analysis of a tryptic-digest peptide containing the glycosylated site. Immunoblot analysis reveals cross-reactivity with a dog pancreas protein. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of GP23 with the 22/23 kDa glycoprotein of dog microsomal signal peptidase [Shelness, Kanwar & Blobel (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 17063-17070], one of five proteins associated with this enzyme, reveals that the amino acid sequences are 90% identical. Thus the signal peptidase glycoprotein is as highly conserved as the sequences of cytochromes c and b from these same species and is likely to be found in a similar form in many, if not all, vertebrate species. The data also show conclusively that the dog and avian signal peptidases have at least one protein subunit in common.
Development of Isomerization and Cycloisomerization with Use of a Ruthenium Hydride with <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene and Its Application to the Synthesis of Heterocycles (2006)

A pure ruthenium hydride complex with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand was efficiently generated from the reaction of a second-generation Grubbs ruthenium catalyst with vinyloxytrimethylsilane and unambiguously characterized. This ruthenium hydride complex showed high catalytic activity for the selective isomerization of terminal olefin and for the cycloisomerization of 1,6-dienes. These reactions of N-allyl-o-vinylaniline lead to novel synthetic methods for heterocycles such as indoles and 3-methylene-2,3-dihydroindoles, which are useful synthons for bioactive natural products. These procedures address an important issue in diversity-oriented synthesis.
Semantic Graph Based Place Recognition for 3D Point Clouds (2020)

Due to the difficulty in generating the effective descriptors which are robust to occlusion and viewpoint changes, place recognition for 3D point cloud remains an open issue. Unlike most of the existing methods that focus on extracting local, global, and statistical features of raw point clouds, our method aims at the semantic level that can be superior in terms of robustness to environmental changes. Inspired by the perspective of humans, who recognize scenes through identifying semantic objects and capturing their relations, this paper presents a novel semantic graph based approach for place recognition. First, we propose a novel semantic graph representation for the point cloud scenes by reserving the semantic and topological information of the raw point cloud. Thus, place recognition is modeled as a graph matching problem. Then we design a fast and effective graph similarity network to compute the similarity. Exhaustive evaluations on the KITTI dataset show that our approach is robust to the occlusion as well as viewpoint changes and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with a large margin. Our code is available at: \url{https://github.com/kxhit/SG_PR}.
A Rapid Power-Switchable Track-and-Hold Amplifier in 90-nm CMOS (2010)

This brief presents the design and implementation of a high-speed and high-accuracy power-switchable track-and-hold (T/H) in 90-nm CMOS that achieves a total harmonic distortion of - 60 dB at 100 MS/s. With the proposed power-switching (P-S) technique, the T/H amplifier obtains not only further power optimization but also enhanced sampling speed and accuracy. The P-S technique requires no extra voltage headroom in the source-follower amplifier, thus allowing a relatively large input voltage swing of 0.8-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> in differential mode. A spurious-free dynamic range of 70 dB at 100 MS/s was measured with an input of 40.6 MHz and 0.8 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> . While driving a 2.5-pF capacitive load, the T/H consumes 2.97 mW from the 1.2-V supply.
Early Results on Hydra: A Flexible MAC/PHY Multihop Testbed (2007)

Hydra is a flexible wireless network testbed being developed at UT Austin. Our focus is networks that support multiple wireless hops and where the network, especially the MAC, takes advantage of sophisticated PHY techniques, such as OFDM and MIMO. We argue that for this domain simulation alone is not adequate and that working prototypes are needed to validate algorithms and protocols. Hydra nodes consist of a flexible RF front-end and a general purpose machine with a software based MAC and PHY. Using the frameworks of the Click modular router and GNU radio and coding in C++ makes it relatively easy to implement working prototypes of cross-layer designs that require custom MACs and PHYs. We present the architecture and implementation of Hydra, as well as a preliminary cross-layer design experiment for a rate-adaptive MAC. These early results show Hydra is a capable prototyping tool for wireless network research.
Analysis of antibiotics use in the inpatients of our hospital (2010)

Objective To study the antibiotics use in the inpatients of our hospital,so as to promote the rational use of antibacterial.Methods The cases of 360 inpatients were sampled for statistical analysis randomly.Results The rate of antibacterial use of inpatients was 76.1%,of which,single use accounted for 43.4%,double use accounted for 43.4%,triple use or more accounted for 13.1%.The average duration of antibacterial administration was(8.9±3.5)d.The rational preventive medication occasion(0.5~2 h before surgery)in preoperational period accounted for 66.7%,and the rational preventive medication duration after surgery accounted for 55.0%.The frequency of ceftazidime,metronidazole,cefoperazone sodium/subactamsodium,cefotiam,cefuraxime sodium were large.Conclusion The antibacterial use of inpatients in our hospital failed to meet the antibacterial instructions,and it should be further standardized.
Vaccination of man with attentuated live adenovirus (1960)

Eighteen volunteers were given live adenovirus attenuated by passage in pig kidney tissue culture. Thirteen were given adenovirus Type 7 and five were given adenovirus Type 4. All volunteers who were given Type 7 and who had no homologous neutralizing antibody on inoculation showed antibody rises. Except in one volunteer not in isolation no signficant symptoms were seen. It is suggested that adenoviruses attenuated in this way might be useful for large-scale vaccination programmes.
Requirements variability models (2005)

One of the most important factors of success in the development of a software product line is the elicitation, management, and representation of variability. In this context, this article explores the possible advantages of adoption of the Model Driven Engineering (MDE) paradigm in the variability specification. Feature graphs and Goal models can be considered special models in the context of MDE. The global picture is a sequence of models from requirements to features, and from both of these to architecture (a UML model). The transformation process is based on the respective meta-models. The conclusion is positive as the introduction of MDE raises the abstraction level in the instantiation process of the product line. More effort is needed to further evaluate some of the ideas related to automated transformations: in particular, the traceability register is essential if we want to exploit their possible benefits.
Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Dopant‐Free Inexpensive Small Molecule as the Hole‐Transporting Material (2018)

Abstract The hole transporting layer (HTL) plays an important role in realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In spite of intensive research efforts toward the development of HTL materials, low‐cost, dopant‐free hole transporting materials that lead to efficient and stable PSCs remain elusive. Herein, a simple polycyclic heteroaromatic hydrocarbon‐based small molecule, 2,5,9,12‐tetra( tert ‐butyl)diacenaphtho[1,2‐ b :1′,2′‐ d ]thiophenen, as an efficient HTL material in PSCs is presented. This molecule is easy to synthesize and inexpensive. It is hydrophobic and exhibits excellent film‐forming properties on perovskites. It has unusually high hole mobility and a desirable highest occupied molecular orbital energy level, making it an ideal HTL material. PSCs fabricated using both the n‐i‐p planar and mesoscopic architectures with this compound as the HTL show efficiencies as high as 15.59% and 18.17%, respectively, with minimal hysteresis and high long term stability under ambient conditions.
Dispersion measurement of arrayed-waveguide gratingsby Fourier transform spectroscopy (2000)

Fourier transform spectroscopy is applied to measure the chromatic dispersion of arrayed-waveguide gratings. Since this method is commonly used to determine the amplitude and phase errors of a waveguide grating, complete characterisation can be performed by one measurement.
Lowered Humidity Produces Human Epidermal Equivalents with Enhanced Barrier Properties (2014)

Multilayered human keratinocyte cultures increasingly are used to model human epidermis. Until now, studies utilizing human epidermal equivalents (HEEs) have been limited because previous preparations do not establish a normal epidermal permeability barrier. In this report, we show that reducing environmental humidity to 50% relative humidity yields HEEs that closely match human postnatal epidermis and have enhanced repair of the permeability barrier. These cultures display low transepidermal water loss and possess a calcium and pH gradient that resembles those seen in human epidermis. These cultures upregulate glucosylceramide synthase and make normal-appearing lipid lamellar bilayers. The epidermal permeability barrier of these cultures can be perturbed, using the identical tools previously described for human skin, and recover in the same time course seen during in vivo barrier recovery. These cultures will be useful for basic and applied studies on epidermal barrier function.
Expression of p21WAF1 predicts outcome of esophageal cancer patients treated by surgery alone or by combined therapy modalities. (1998)

The p21WAF1 protein is an important regulator of the cell cycle. Its expression and prognostic significance were investigated immunohistochemically in samples of normal esophageal squamous epithelium (n = 10), severe squamous cell dysplasia (n = 20), carcinoma in situ (n = 14), permanent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (n = 3), and invasive squamous cell carcinomas treated either by potentially curative resection (n = 172) or by combined modality therapy (radiochemotherapy +/- surgery; n = 38). Whereas p21WAF1 expression in the normal epithelium was restricted to a few cells adjacent to the basal cell layer, p21WAF1 overexpression was frequently found in preneoplasias and invasive carcinomas. Expression of p21WAF1 in invasive carcinomas was not correlated with tumor differentiation, pT category, or pN category. Among carcinomas treated by potential curative resection, univariate (P = 0.0025) and multivariate (P = 0.0081) survival analysis showed significant correlation of strong p21WAF1 expression (> or =50% p21WAF1-positive tumor cells) with poor overall survival. Univariate survival analysis (P = 0.0006) revealed the same prognostic influence in the group of patients treated by combined modality therapy. We conclude that overexpression of p21WAF1 protein is a frequent event in preneoplasias and neoplasias of the esophagus. Immunohistochemical examination of p21WAF1 expression may provide important prognostic information for decision-making in the treatment of patients with esophageal cancer.
Break-through of the Si limit under 300 V breakdown voltage with new concept power device: super 3D MOSFET (2003)

In this paper, we present a new conceptual power MOSFET named "super 3D MOSFET", breaking the R/sub on/ Si limit under 300 V breakdown voltage. It has a super wide current path in the depth direction of the substrate. The electrical characteristics of this device were verified by 3D device simulation. In the super 3D MOSFET with 30 /spl mu/m current path width, the simulated results showed that the drift resistance was 6.6 m/spl Omega/-mm/sup 2/ for 70 V breakdown voltage. For this breakdown voltage, the R/sub on/ Si limit is 23 m/spl Omega/-mm/sup 2/. The total specific on-resistance containing the other elemental resistances was 19 m/spl Omega/-mm/sup 2/, and even this value was below the R/sub on/ Si limit. Moreover, we fabricated the super 3D MOSFET experimentally, and the I-V characteristics were verified.
Biokinetic analyses of adaptation and succession: microbial activity in composting municipal sewage sludge (1984)

The interactions between temperature and the microbial communities in composting municipal sewage sludge were studied to determine the optimal temperature range for efficient decomposition (stabilization) of the sludge. Information concerning thermophilic successions in such communities was also obtained. Samples were taken from several different temperature areas in a production-scale composting pile throughout the 19-day processing run. Optimum temperatures for microbial activity, determined as the rate of [14C]acetate incorporation into microbial lipids, were determined for each sample. Biomass was determined from the lipid phosphate content of the sample. Maximal activities were generally found in samples coming from lower-temperature areas (25 to 45 degrees C), whereas samples from high temperatures (55 to 74 degrees C) usually had relatively little activity. The temperature giving the optimum activity in samples incubated at a variety of temperatures during the assay tended to increase as the composting time progressed, but never exceeded about 50 degrees C. Many of these temperature response curves were similar in nature to curves reported for purified enzyme systems and pure cultures of bacteria. Comparisons of the apparent energies of activation calculated for different temperature ranges over time also indicated that the overall community was better adapted to higher temperatures during the latter part of the composting run. It was also found that the relationship between the apparent energies of activation and the apparent energies of inactivation (apparent heats of denaturation) consistently changed with sample temperature throughout the composting run, suggesting that the microbial communities from hotter samples were better adapted to high temperatures than those from cooler samples, and vice versa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Identification of a Mouse Protein Whose Homolog in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Is a Component of the CCR4 Transcriptional Regulatory Complex (1995)

The CCR4 protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a component of a multisubunit complex that is required for the regulation of a number of genes in yeast cells. We report here the identification of a mouse protein (mCAF1 [mouse CCR4-associated factor 1]) which is capable of interacting with and binding to the yeast CCR4 protein. The mCAF1 protein was shown to have significant similarity to proteins from humans, Caenorhabditis elegans, Arabidopsis thaliana, and S. cerevisiae. The yeast gene (yCAF1) had been previously cloned as the POP2 gene, which is required for expression of several genes. Both yCAF1 (POP2) and the C. elegans homolog of CAF1 were shown to genetically interact with CCR4 in vivo, and yCAF1 (POP2) physically associated with CCR4. Disruption of the CAF1 (POP2) gene in yeast cells gave phenotypes and defects in transcription similar to those observed with disruptions of CCR4, including the ability to suppress spt10-enhanced ADH2 expression. In addition, yCAF1 (POP2) when fused to LexA was capable of activating transcription. mCAF1 could also activate transcription when fused to LexA and could functionally substitute for yCAF1 in allowing ADH2 expression in an spt10 mutant background. These data imply that CAF1 is a component of the CCR4 protein complex and that this complex has retained evolutionarily conserved functions important to eukaryotic transcription.
Controllable shock absorber as an application of electro-rheological fluid. (1990)

Electro-Rheological fluid (ERF) has notable characteristics of viscosity which could be applicable for various industrial machines. Viscosity of ERF increases in accordance with the applied electric field. Without an electric field, ERF has the viscosity characteristics of a Newtonian liquid. Variation of viscosity is reversible, and the required time for its variation is said to be as short as 0.001 sec. Numerous applications of ERF in the engineering field have been attempted since the characteristics of ERF were discovered by W. M. Winslow. However, no successful application has ever been reported. This paper deals with the successful application of ERF to a controllable shock absorber system for automobiles. The controllable range of damping force is examined experimentally for various piston speeds. In addition, numerical experiments are performed; in which damping force can be controlled in response to road conditions by using the shock absorber proposed in this paper. Pitching and rolling motions of the automobile are found to be decreased remarkably.