gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Book Shelf (1931)

Abstract Use of Projects in Commercial Teaching, First Yearbook, Commercial Education Association of New York and Vicinity (Nathaniel Altholz, Director of Commercial Education, Board of Education, New York, N. Y., President), 208 pp. Training for Everyday Business, by G. G. Hill, New York: Lyons and Carnahan, 273 pp. $1.40. The Young Man in Business, by Howard Lee Davis, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 172 pp. $2.00. Fads and Fallacies in Present Day Education, by H. E. Buchholz, New York, The Macmillan Co., 200 pp. $1.50. Argumentation and Debate, by Carl G. Miller, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 251 pp. Group Incentives, by C. C. Balderston, Philadelphia: The University of Pennsylvania Press, 171 pp. Essentials of Correctness IN THE USE OF ENGLISH, by Alton C. Morris and Herman E. Spivey, New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1931, $.80. Production Management, by William N. Mitchell, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1931, 414 pp., $4.00. Public Speaking for Executives, by Charles W. Mears, New York: Harper & Brothers, 194 pp. $3.00. Voice and Speech Problems, by Raubicheck, Davis, and Carll, New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 469 pp. $1.60. Survey of Collegiate Instruction in Marketing and Advertising, Prepared under Supervision of Alfred T. Falk, Bureau of Research and Education, Advertising Federation of America, Bulletin No. 6, 1931, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, N. Y., 62 pp. $2.50.
Statistical analysis of surface atmospheric pollutant measurement series for various sites across the Po valley (2012)

In order to assess recent changes in the concentration of pollutants in the Po valley, ten-year or longer time series of atmospheric pollutants have been analyzed, including both traffic and background sites (either urban, suburban or rural) at main towns and cities in the Po valley. The dataset comprise pollution data from Regional Environmental Agency monitoring networks; all data are referred to actual sampling condition, as by 2008/50/EC. Weekly pattern at each site has been estimated, in order to assess pollution condition and anthropogenic sources influence at each station. Time series have been checked for significant change in de-seasonalized mean monthly concentration and in annual median concentration. Mean daily concentration data have been tested for significant weekly (i.e. anthropogenic) cycles. Long term trend of atmospheric pollutants has been estimated via parametric and non-parametric methods. Finally, cluster analysis has been applied in order to highlight stations sharing similar pollution conditions over the reference period.
Magneto-Dielectrics in Electromagnetics: Concept and Applications (2004)

In this paper, the unique features of periodic magneto-dielectric meta-materials in electromagnetics are addressed. These materials, which are arranged in periodic configurations, are applied for the design of novel EM structures with applications in the VHF-UHF bands. The utility of these materials is demonstrated by considering two challenging problems, namely, design of miniaturized electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures and antennas in the VHF-UHF bands. A woodpile EBG made up of magneto-dielectric material is proposed. It is shown that the magneto-dielectric woodpile not only exhibits band-gap rejection values much higher than the ordinary dielectric woodpile, but also for the same physical dimensions it shows a rejection band at a much lower frequency. The higher rejection is a result of higher effective impedance contrasts between consecutive layers of the magneto-dielectric woodpile structure. Composite magneto-dielectrics are also shown to provide certain advantages when used as substrates for planar antennas. These substrates are used to miniaturize antennas while maintaining a relatively high bandwidth and efficiency. An artificial anisotropic meta-substrate having /spl mu//sub r/>/spl epsiv//sub r/, made up of layered magneto-dielectric and dielectric materials is designed to maximize the bandwidth of a miniaturized patch antenna. Analytical and numerical approaches, based on the anisotropic effective medium theory (AEMT) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique, are applied to carry out the analyzes and fully characterize the performance of finite and infinite periodic magneto-dielectric meta-materials integrated into the EBG and antenna designs.
Comparison of Electromyography and Kinemyography during Recovery from Non-Depolarising Neuromuscular Blockade (2014)

In this study, two commercially available quantitative neuromuscular function monitoring techniques, electromyography (EMG) and kinemyography (KMG), were compared with respect to repeatability and accuracy during late recovery from neuromuscular blockade. Train-of-four (TOF) ratios were recorded in 30 patients using KMG and EMG at the adductor pollicis muscle. Measurements were taken on the same hand using the Datex-Ohmeda NeuroMuscular Transmission monitor (GE Healthcare, Helsinki, Finland). Instrumental precision was evaluated using the coefficient of repeatability, while accuracy was assessed using the bias and limits of agreement. The coefficients of repeatability were similar for both techniques (0.035 for KMG and 0.043 for EMG), indicating a similar level of precision. KMG overestimated the TOF ratios measured with EMG with a bias of 0.11 (95% limits of agreement: -0.13 to 0.35). At a TOF ratio of 0.90 the bias was 0.08 (95% limits of agreement: -0.08 to 0.25). This means that at a TOF ratio of 0.90 measured with KMG will be approximately equivalent to a TOF ratio of 0.80 measured with EMG at the adductor pollicis muscle, but it may indeed be as low as 0.65 or as high as 1.00. Therefore, TOF ratios measured by KMG and EMG cannot be used interchangeably.
Recovering refined surface normals for relighting clothing in dynamic scenes (2007)

In this paper we present a method to relight captured 3D video sequences of non-rigid, dynamic scenes, such as clothing of real actors, reconstructed from multiple view video.A viewdependent approach is introduced to refine an initial coarse surface reconstruction using shape-from-shading to estimate detailed surface normals.The prior surface approximation is used to constrain the simultaneous estimation of surface normals and scene illumination, under the assumption of Lambertian surface reflectance.This approach enables detailed surface normals of a moving non-rigid object to be estimated from a single image frame.Refined normal estimates from multiple views are integrated into a single surface normal map.This approach allows highly non-rigid surfaces, such as creases in clothing, to be relit whilst preserving the detailed dynamics observed in video.
Unrestricted Facial Geometry Reconstruction Using Image-to-Image Translation (2017)

It has been recently shown that neural networks can recover the geometric structure of a face from a single given image. A common denominator of most existing face geometry reconstruction methods is the restriction of the solution space to some low-dimensional subspace. While such a model significantly simplifies the reconstruction problem, it is inherently limited in its expressiveness. As an alternative, we propose an Image-to-Image translation network that jointly maps the input image to a depth image and a facial correspondence map. This explicit pixel-based mapping can then be utilized to provide high quality reconstructions of diverse faces under extreme expressions, using a purely geometric refinement process. In the spirit of recent approaches, the network is trained only with synthetic data, and is then evaluated on “in-the-wild” facial images. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of our approach.
INFLUENCE OF IRRADIANCE ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PHYTOPLANKTON<sup>1</sup> (1990)

ABSTRACT Eight species of marine phytoplankton commonly used in aquaculture were grown under a range of photon flux densities (PEDs) and analyzed for their fatty acid (FA) composition. Fatty and composition changed considerably at different PFDs although no consistent correlation between the relative proportion of a single FA and μ or chl a · cell −1 was apparent. Within an individual species the percentage of certain fatty acids covaried with PFDs, growth rate and/or chl a · cell −1 . The light conditions which produced the greatest proportion of the essential fatty acids was species specific. Eicosapentaenoic acid. 20:5ω3 increased from 6.1% to 15.5% of the total fatty acids of Chaetoceros simplex Ostenfield grown at PFDs which decreased from 225 μE · m −2 · s −1 to 6 μE · m −2 · s −1 , respectively. Most species had their greatest proportion of 20: 5ω3 at low levels of irradiance. Conversely, docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6ω3, decreased from 9.7% to 3.6% of the total fatty acids in Pavlova lutheri Droop as PFD decreased. The percentage of 22:6ω3 generally decreased with decreasing irradiances. In all diatoms the percentage of 16:0 was significantly correlated with PFD, and in three of five diatoms, with growth rate (μ). Results suggest that fatty acid composition is a highly dynamic component of cellular physiology, which responds significantly to variation in PFD.
Characterization of a Receptor for C5a Anaphylatoxin on Human Eosinophils (1989)

The complement anaphylatoxin peptide C5a is well known to activate human polymorphonuclear leukocytes through receptor-mediated processes. C5a has also been reported to activate eosinophils for both chemotaxis and hexose uptake. We characterized the receptor molecule for human C5a on human eosinophils and compared it with the receptor on human neutrophils. At 4 degrees C, uptake of 1 nM 125I-C5a reaches equilibrium within 10 min on both cell types. Binding of 125I-C5a occurs over a concentration range comparable to that which stimulates lysosomal enzyme release and hexose uptake in both cell types. Scatchard analyses of the data indicate the presence of two receptor populations on eosinophils; a high affinity receptor with 15,000-20,000 sites/cell and a Kd of 3.1 +/- 0.6 x 10(-11) M, and a low affinity receptor with approximately 375,000 sites/cell and a Kd of 1 x 10(-7) M. Parallel experiments with neutrophils indicate the presence of a single receptor population with approximately 90,000 sites/cell and a Kd of 4.8 +/- 0.1 x 10(-10)M. The eosinophil receptor molecule was further characterized by covalently cross-linking 125I-C5a to cells followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the solubilized material. Autoradiography indicates the presence of a dominant C5a-eosinophil receptor complex with an apparent mass of 60-65 kDa. The corresponding neutrophil-C5a receptor complex has an apparent mass of 50-52 kDa as observed by others. When the cross-linked 125I-C5a-receptor complex was treated with cyanogen bromide, different patterns were observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for neutrophils and eosinophils. Thus, human eosinophils have a receptor for C5a anaphylatoxin which appears to be distinct from the C5a receptor present on human neutrophils.
Fuzzy Controller Structures Investigation for Future Gas Turbine Aero-Engines (2021)

The Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe (ACARE) Flight Path 2050 focuses on ambitious and severe targets for the next generation of air travel systems (e.g., 75% reduction in CO2 emissions per passenger kilometer, a 90% reduction in NOx emissions, and 65% reduction in noise emission of flying aircraft relative to the capabilities of typical new aircraft in 2000). In order to meet these requirements, aircraft engines should work very close to their operating limits. Therefore, the importance of advanced control strategies to satisfy all engine control modes simultaneously while protecting them from malfunctions and physical damages is being more crucial these days. In the last three decades, fuzzy controllers (FCs) have been proposed as a high potential solution for performance improvement of the next generation of aircraft engines. Based on an analytic review, this paper divides the trend of FCs design into two main lines including pure FCs (PFC) and min–max FCs (MMFC). These two main architectures are then designed, implemented on hardware, and applied in a case study to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each structure. The analysis of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation results shows that the pure FC structure would be a high potential candidate for maneuverability and response time indices improvement (e.g., military applications); while min–max FC architecture has a great potential for future civil aero-engines where the fuel consumption and steady-state responses are more important. The simulation results are also compared with those of industrial min–max controllers to confirm the feasibility and reliability of the fuzzy controllers for real-world application. The results of this paper propose a general roadmap for fuzzy controllers’ structure selection for new and next generation of aircraft engines.
Pulse-density modulation technique in VLSI implementations of neural network algorithms (1990)

New implementations of fully connected neural network architecture are explored, and some efficient implementations based on the pulse-density modulation technique are presented. These VLSI circuits are fully programmable, thereby usable in many applications. The architecture is implemented by using two different approaches: analog implementation with switched-capacitor structures and fully digital implementation. The approaches are also compared from the VLSI point of view. The advantage of the switched-capacitor implementation is the small area of a synapse, thus relatively large networks can be implemented. The architecture of the network is also regular, modular, and easy to expand. For the same complexity of network architecture, the digital implementation requires 30% more silicon area, which can be considered quite insignificant. The advantage of the fully digital implementation is good expandability to larger networks. In addition, single circuits can be joined together to form very large networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Augmented reality framework supporting conceptual urban planning and enhancing the awareness for environmental impact (2010)

This paper introduces a new augmented reality framework based on a multi-source urban planning backbone aiming at interactively investigating fast "what-if" analysis of urban planning simulations and creating awareness of possible environmental impact. The process of advanced urban planning nowadays includes the simulation of physical phenomena, its analysis, visualization and interpretation in order to evaluate the impact on the layout of the planning. For example, noise and air pollution, annoyances due to both nearby transportation infrastructure and urban traffic have become a serious concern for citizens. In order to provide major aid to the involved stakeholders, especially city managers, new techniques for the preparation, representation and interpretation of the typically large amount of resulting simulation data are required. These must be designed in order to enhance the perceptual and cognitive processes of users to facilitate faster interpretation and decision making. Hence, we introduce a new augmented reality framework which not only allows users to visualize but also to analyze physical phenomena in fast "what-if"-scenarios. By changing boundary conditions, parameters and re-simulating at interactive rates results can be augmented into real world planning layouts. Augmenting reality, urban planning and layouts with resulting simulation data through real-time visualizing tools provides a new and efficient interactive post processing unit for the exploration and analysis of the environmental impact due to changing conditions.
Systolic IIR filters with bit level pipelining (2003)

A novel bit-level systolic array architecture for implementing first-order IIR filter sections is presented. A latency of only two clock cycles is achieved by using a radix-4 redundant number representation, performing the recursive computation most-significant-digit first, and feeding back each digit of the result as soon as it is available.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electrodeless lamps for lighting: a review (1993)

Developments in semiconductor technology and changes in the standards for electromagnetic interference (EMI) have both been important in the recent exploitation of electrodeless discharges for use in lighting. There has been an active period of research on electrodeless discharges inside and outside the lighting industry and much of the basic physics and technology is now well understood. My purpose is to review and evaluate the progress. In the foreseeable future, the constraints on electronics and EMI likely to restrict the practical general purpose light sources to the H discharge principle in which the maintenance field of the discharge is provided by magnetic induction effects. Both low-pressure (LP) and high-pressure (HP) versions have received substantial developments, judging by the extensive patent literature. The former are based on the LP mercury rare-gas principle and the latter use a variety of metal halide doses. The major target for electrodeless technology is a high efficiency, look-alike replacement for the ubiquitous incandescent lamp. Although no version is yet available on the market, recent announcements suggest that it is imminent. Meanwhile, versions of the technology meeting more specialised market needs are commercially available.
<b>2,2″-Bipyrrole</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,2″-BipyrroleHenry. Rapoport and Neal. CastagnoliCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 11, 2178–2181Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00870a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00870a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1009Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and implementation of high-efficiency and low-power DC-DC converter with PWM/PFM modes (2007)

A high-efficiency low-power multimode DC-DC converter with pulse-width modulation (PWM) and pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) is proposed. This converter works in PWM mode on heavy load condition. In order to improve efficiency, it switches to PFM mode on light load condition. With suitable control and mode switch method, both simulation and chip test results indicate that the converter performs seamless switching between PWM and PFM modes. The total output voltage error, including line and load regulation, is less than plusmn2%, the maximum quiescent current is less than 15 muA, the maximum of efficiency reaches 92.6%. Simulated and implemented in CSMC 0.5 mum CMOS process.
Time dependence of radiation-induced interface trap formation in metal-oxide-semiconductor devices as a function of oxide thickness and applied field (1991)

This work is a study of the formation mechanisms of interface traps (Nit) in metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. The time-dependence of the Nit formation has been measured as a function of oxide thickness following a short radiation pulse. The Nit formation time is found to increase as t2.6ox when the gate bias is negative during irradiation and positive afterward. This result is in excellent agreement with predictions of a hydrogen transport model where drift of hydrogen ions (H+) is the rate-limiting step. When the gate bias during irradiation is positive, interpretation of the correlation between data and model suggests that the hydrogen ions are preferentially created near the Si-SiO2 interface. Finally, the Nit formation time is found to decrease with increasing oxide field as E−1.73ox. This result is compatible with the hydrogen transport model if the average displacement per hop is assumed to be proportional to Em.
Identification of the Novel Player δEF1 in Estrogen Transcriptional Cascades (1999)

Although many genes are regulated by estrogen, very few have been shown to directly bind the estrogen receptor complex. Therefore, transcriptional cascades probably occur in which the estrogen receptor directly binds to a target gene that encodes another transcription factor that subsequently regulates additional genes. Through the use of a differential display assay, a transcription factor has been identified that may be involved in estrogen transcriptional cascades. This report demonstrates that transcription factor deltaEF1 is induced eightfold by estrogen in the chick oviduct. Furthermore, the regulation by estrogen occurs at the transcriptional level and is likely to be a direct effect of the estrogen receptor complex, as it does not require concomitant protein synthesis. A putative binding site was identified in the 5'-flanking region of the chick ovalbumin gene identifying it as a possible target gene for regulation by deltaEF1. Characterization of this binding site revealed that deltaEF1 binds to and regulates the chick ovalbumin gene. Thus, a novel regulatory cascade that is triggered by estrogen has been defined.
360×360-element very-high-frame-rate burst image sensor (2002)

A 360/spl times/360-element very high frame rate (VHFR) burst image sensor captures images at maximum frame rate up to 10/sup g/ frame/s. This is accomplished by continuously storing the last 30 image frames at the pixel locations. The 360/spl times/360 VHFR imager having a 2/spl times/2 cm/sup 2/ chip is designed in the form of 4 quadrants each with 180/spl times/180 pixels. Each pixel occupies 50/spl times/50 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and consists of a 337 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ photodetector with a fill factor of 13.5% and a S-phase 30-stage (5/spl times/6) series-parallel type buried-channel CCD (BCCD) register for continuously storing the last 30 detected image frames. The chip uses 1.5 /spl mu/m design rules and 1.5/spl times/3 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ minimum-size BCCD storage elements.
A new paradigm hidden in steganography (2001)

Abstract : We discuss how steganography, in contrast to similar disciplines, requires a new paradigm based upon discontinuities and the absence of noise as a detection deterrent.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (2002)

Childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is a benign condition, affecting boys more frequently. No association was found between MRI groups and disability. Disability was related to optic nerve involvement at presentation. Even in relapsing cases, the distinction between acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and MS was possible on the basis of long-term clinical and neuroimaging follow-up and the absence of oligoclonal bands in CSF.