gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bosutinib in combination with pemetrexed in patients with selected metastatic solid tumors: A phase I study (NCT03023319). (2021)

3022 Background: Activation of the Src kinase pathway has been observed in about 50% of cancers of the colon, liver, lung, breast and pancreas. Ceppi, et al, explored that Src inhibitors might be synergistic in combination with pemetrexed. Bosutinib is an approved oral ATP-competitive Bcr-Abl tyrosine-kinase inhibitor with an inhibitory effect on Src kinases. Methods: In this phase 1, dose-escalation study, we enrolled 10 patients with advanced metastatic solid tumors who progressed on standard of care chemotherapy, 9 of whom were evaluable, to receive bosutinib and pemetrexed. Bosutinib was administered once daily in a 3 + 3 dose-escalation study design where the first cohort started at an oral dose of 200 mg daily with I.V. pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 on a three weekly schedule. The primary objective was to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of bosutinib with pemetrexed, and the type and frequency of adverse events. Secondary objective(s) were to estimate tumor response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: All patients had progressed on prior chemotherapy and included 9 patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, and 1 patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the appendix. Two patients (22%) had prior pemetrexed exposure. Median age was 62 years (range, 58-44). The median number of bosutinib and pemetrexed cycles received was 2 (range, 1-4). Nine patients were evaluable. The MTD of bosutinib was 300 mg daily in this combination as 2 out of the 3 patients who received 400 mg experienced elevated liver transaminases (>CTCAE Grade 3) and one patient experienced grade 3 fatigue. Two patients (22%) had a partial response, and 6 patients (67%) had stable disease, including 2 patients with prior pemetrexed exposure, and 1 patient had disease progression. The two responders and the subject with the longest stable disease duration demonstrated Src overexpression on immunohistochemical staining of their tumor. Two patients died of sepsis; both had stable disease. Median PFS was 4.1 months (range, 1.2-11.6), and the median OS was 11.9 months (range, 4-36.7). Adverse events included pneumonia/sepsis, diarrhea, fatigue, rash, weakness, transaminitis, hypertension, and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: The MTD of oral bosutinib was 300 mg daily in combination with pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Despite the limitations of this phase I study there appears potential efficacy of this combination in pretreated patients. We are currently enrolling patients in the expansion cohort. Clinical trial information: NCT03023319.
Simultaneous and group determination methods for designated substances by HPLC with multi‐channel electrochemical detection and their application to real samples (2010)

Many psychotropic substances are illegally available on the streets and/or via the Internet. This wide distribution has become a serious social problem. To control this problem, many substances have been controlled as 'designated substances' (Shitei-Yakubutsu) in Japan since April 2007 by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law, including tryptamines, phenethylamines and piperazines. In the present study, simultaneous determination methods using HPLC with multi-channel electrochemical detection (MECD) were developed for the designated substances. The proposed methods utilizing online electrochemical oxidation are the first report on the simultaneous determination of various designated substances. The methods involve direct determination and require no complicated pretreatments such as fluorescence labeling. The designated substances were separated by reversed-phase chromatography using a TSK-gel ODS-100V (4.6 × 250 mm, i.d., 3 µm) and gradient elution by a mixture of potassium phosphate buffer, methanol and acetonitrile. The total separation of 31 designated substances was successfully performed but required long chromatographic run times. Thus, the designated substances were divided into three groups: (1) tryptamines, (2) phenethylamines and (3) piperazines and others. They were then analyzed by HPLC-MECD as another separation method. The suitable applied voltages for each designated substance were determined based upon the hydrodynamic voltammogram. The limits of detection (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) of the designated substances for the most suitable voltages were in the range of 17.1 pg (5-MeO-MIPT) to 117 ng (indan-2-amine). The calibration curves based on the peak heights were linearly related to the amounts of the designated substances (R(2) > 0.999). Good accuracy and precision by intra-day assay and inter-day assay were also obtained using the present procedures. The proposed methods were applied to the analyses of the designated substance in several real samples.
Manipulation of lignin quality in transgenic poplar trees (1996)

*INRA, Centre de Grignon Diffusion du document : INRA, Centre de Grignon
Penalized weighted least-squares image reconstruction for positron emission tomography (1994)

Presents an image reconstruction method for positron-emission tomography (PET) based on a penalized, weighted least-squares (PWLS) objective. For PET measurements that are precorrected for accidental coincidences, the author argues statistically that a least-squares objective function is as appropriate, if not more so, than the popular Poisson likelihood objective. The author proposes a simple data-based method for determining the weights that accounts for attenuation and detector efficiency. A nonnegative successive over-relaxation (+SOR) algorithm converges rapidly to the global minimum of the PWLS objective. Quantitative simulation results demonstrate that the bias/variance tradeoff of the PWLS+SOR method is comparable to the maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization (ML-EM) method (but with fewer iterations), and is improved relative to the conventional filtered backprojection (FBP) method. Qualitative results suggest that the streak artifacts common to the FBP method are nearly eliminated by the PWLS+SOR method, and indicate that the proposed method for weighting the measurements is a significant factor in the improvement over FBP.
《魅影》当代酒吧艺术展“魅”的夜精灵 (2005)

以酒吧本身气氛为主导,每件作品都与酒吧环境相结合。酒客即使没有注意看作品,作品营造和烘托的意境却已渗透到周围每个角落。来自艺术作品的各种情绪像杯中的酒、耳边的乐声一样流入不同的眼睛和心灵。
Facile Synthesis of Thermally Stable Poly(<i>N</i>-vinylpyrrolidone)-Modified Gold Surfaces by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (2012)

Well-controlled polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) on Au surfaces by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) was carried out at room temperature by a silanization method. Initial attempts to graft poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) layers from initiators attached to alkanethiol monolayers yielded PVP films with thicknesses less than 5 nm. The combined factors of the difficulty in the controllable polymerization of NVP and the instability of alkanethiol monolayers led to the difficulty in the controlled polymerization of NVP on Au surfaces. Therefore, the silanization method was employed to form an adhesion layer for initiator attachment. This method allowed well-defined ATRP polymerization to occur on Au surfaces. Water contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and reflectance Fourier transform infrared (reflectance FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the modified surfaces. The PVP-modified gold surface remained stable at 130 °C for 3 h, showing excellent thermal stability. Thus, postfunctionalization of polymer brushes at elevated temperatures is made possible. The silanization method was also applied to modify SPR chips and showed potential applications in biosensors and biochips.
Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel Transports Calcium Ions through Biomimetic Membranes (2007)

The mitochondrial outer membrane channel (VDAC), a central player in mitochondria and cell death, was reconstituted in polymer-supported phospholipid bilayers. Highly purified VDAC was first reconstituted in vesicles; channel properties and NADH-ferricyanide reductase activity were ascertained before deposition onto solid substrates. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-N-hydroxysuccinimide mixed vesicles containing VDAC were linked onto amine-grafted surfaces (glass and gold) and disrupted to form a VDAC-containing polymer-tethered planar bilayer. Surface plasmon spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and atomic force microscopy measurements ascertained the membrane thickness, fluidity, and continuity. VDAC reconstituted in bilayers efficiently transported calcium ions and was modulable by two channel blockers, 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid and l-glutamate. The novel setup may allow the study of the assembly of a polyprotein complex centered on VDAC and its role in mitochondrial biology, calcium fluxes, and apoptosis.
Determination of Kinetic Constants for Titanium-based Ethylene Trimerization Catalysis (2006)

For two titanium-based ethylene trimerization catalysts, [(Me3SiC5H3CMe2C6H3Me2)TiCl3] (1) and [(Me3SiC5H3C(CH2)5C6H3Me2)TiCl3] (2), the entropies and enthalpies of activation for the ethylene trimerization reaction (k1) as well as the catalyst deactivation reaction (kd) have been determined. Using a combination of, on the one hand, experimental pressure and temperature data and, on the other hand, vapor−liquid equilibrium calculations, the 1-hexene concentration as a function of time was estimated and these data were fitted to a kinetic model to obtain the thermodynamic data. A best fit was obtained for a combination of a propagation reaction that is first order in the ethylene concentration and a catalyst deactivation reaction that is second order in the catalyst concentration. The measured entropies and enthalpies of activation are in good agreement with the previously reported calculated ones.
The Prevention of Memory Loss and Progression to Alzheimer's Disease with B Vitamins, Antioxidants and Essential Fatty Acids: A Review of the Evidence (2011)

Memory loss and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is strongly associated with low levels of B12 and folic acid, fish consumption and raised plasma homocysteine (Hcy). Placebo controlled trials have shown protection from memory loss and/or reduced brain shrinkage in older people with raised Hcy levels given high dose supplements of vitamin B12, folic acid, B6 or doco- sahexaenoic acid. In those with early stage AD there is some evidence of a reduction in cognitive decline in those given high dose B vitamins. There is inconclusive evidence regarding the combined supplementation of high dose vitamin C, together with vitamin E. The need for early screening for cognitive decline and raised Hcy is essential given the growing body of evidence that Hcy lowering nutrients arrest cognitive decline and accelerated brain shrinkage.
The Lobe Fissure Tracking by the Modified Ant Colony Optimization Framework in CT Images (2014)

Chest computed tomography (CT) is the most commonly used technique for the inspection of lung lesions. However, the lobe fissures in lung CT is still difficult to observe owing to its imaging structure. Therefore, in this paper, we aimed to develop an efficient tracking framework to extract the lobe fissures by the proposed modified ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. We used the method of increasing the consistency of pheromone on lobe fissure to improve the accuracy of path tracking. In order to validate the proposed system, we had tested our method in a database from 15 lung patients. In the experiment, the quantitative assessment shows that the proposed ACO method achieved the average F-measures of 80.9% and 82.84% in left and right lungs, respectively. The experiments indicate our method results more satisfied performance, and can help investigators detect lung lesion for further examination.
Growth and molecular profile of lung cancer cells expressing ectopic LKB1: down-regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-phosphate kinase/PTEN pathway. (2003)

Germ-line mutations in LKB1 gene cause the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a genetic disease with increased risk of malignancies. Recently, LKB1-inactivating mutations have been identified in one-third of sporadic lung adenocarcinomas, indicating that LKB1 gene inactivation is critical in tumors other than those of the PJS syndrome. However, the in vivo substrates of LKB1 and its role in cancer development have not been completely elucidated. Here we show that overexpression of wild-type LKB1 protein in A549 lung adenocarcinomas cells leads to cell-growth suppression. To examine changes in gene expression profiles subsequent to exogenous wild-type LKB1 in A549 cells, we used cDNA microarrays. We detected deregulation of 100 genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell adhesion. Strikingly, modification of the expression of well-known p53-responsive genes such as GADD45, TOP2A, and p21 suggests that growth suppression in A549 cells overexpressing LKB1 may be mediated by p53. In addition, PTEN up-regulation indicates that LKB1 could be involved in the PTEN/phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase(PI3K)/AKT molecular pathway. Thus, our results give some insights into the understanding of how LKB1 inactivation contributes to lung carcinogenesis.
Estimation of peripheral blood volume and interstitial volume in hemodialysis patients using bioimpedance techniques (2017)

This paper describes a method to estimate interstitial fluid volume and peripheral blood volume (BV<sub>P</sub>) in hemodialysis (HD) patients using whole body (wBIS) and calf (cBIS) bioimpedance spectroscopy techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the technique. Thirty five HD patients were studied pre and post HD. Extracellular volume (ECV) and total body water (TBW) were measured using wBIS and cBIS. The calf resistances at 5 kHz (R<sub>5</sub>) and at 1000 kHz (R<sub>1000</sub>) respectively reflect ECV and TBW in the calf. A blood pressure cuff was placed over the area of cBIS. Regional and whole body plasma or BV<sub>P</sub> and interstitial (V<sub>IT</sub>) or total fluid volume are measured at R<sub>5</sub> or R<sub>1000</sub> when the cuff was inflated to just above the systolic blood pressure. According to calf normalized resistivity (CNR) post HD, patients were divided into two groups: overhydration (OH, CNR<;18.5, 10<sup>-2</sup>*Ωm<sup>3</sup>/kg) and normal hydration (NH, CNR≥18.5, 10<sup>-2</sup>*Ωm<sup>3</sup>/kg). BV<sub>P</sub> was higher in OH than in NH group which can be explained by the low ratio of change in V<sub>IT</sub> to ultrafiltration volume in the OH group (0.57±0.23 vs 0.83±0.45 L, p<;0.05). In conclusion, the method could be useful to better understand fluid dynamics during HD.
Nicotine attenuates the effect of HIV-1 proteins on the neural circuits of working and contextual memories (2015)

Our findings indicate that nicotine can attenuate the effect of HIV viral proteins on cognitive function and produce a brain region- and strain-specific effect on the intracellular signaling cascades involved in synaptic plasticity and memory formation.
Third-order dispersion compensating fibres for non-zerodispersion shifted fibre links (1996)

The authors propose a dispersion slope compensating fibre (DSCF) which compensates third-order dispersion around 1550 nm of non-zero dispersion shifted fibre (NZ-DSF) links. The total dispersion slope of the NZ-DSF link, improved by concatenating the fabricated DSCF, was as low as +0.038 ps/km/nm2.
Haematology Update: Post Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Following Renal Transplantation in a Young Male (2009)

The article discusses Post Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease (PTLD) and its risk factors. The patient in this case study was a male diagnosed with infantile nephrotic cystinosis at the age of eleven months. Nephrotic cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting in the accumulation of cystine crystals primarily in the kidney as well as other organs, including the bone marrow.
Cache vector quantisation algorithm in video compression (1993)

A new vector quantisation (VQ) algorithm based on a strategy similar to the cache in traditional computers is proposed and simulated. The method can significantly reduce the redundancy in VQ indices. According to the simulated results, the bit rate is variable but is much less than that of the primary full search algorithm. For test sequence ‘Miss America’, the mean square error is ∼23 and the bit rate is ∼0.3 bit/pixel.
On Splitting Public Keys for the Public Key Infrastructure (2005)

Certificates and the public key infrastructure (PKI) play an vital role in electronic commerce. The framework of splitting the public key in the PKI is presented in this paper. Aimed to enhance the security level from both the perspectives of certificate issuing and certificate revocation, the framework splits the public key into multiple parts, and generates a certificate for each part. The framework is designed to be flexible to allow various levels of security depending on the requirements, while minimising changes to the existing e-commerce system and PKI. The key-split system maintains CA independence and allows for either smaller certificates or the size of key to be increased.
Effect of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladodes in the Wound-Healing Process (2003)

Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. cladodes contain a polysaccharide fraction that can retain water. The cladodes are used in Sicilian folk medicine as cicatrizant. We studied the healing activity of a base cream containing 15% lyophilized cladodes and of a commercial ointment on the wound produced on the backs of rats. The treatment was carried out for 3 and 5 days.After three days of treatment, the scar tissue is evident, both fibers and fibroblasts in the derma are properly arranged. The dermal vessels are reduced in lumen and the keratinocytes show proliferation areas. In the 5 days' treatment, the wound healing process is almost completed and the piliferous bulbs arerecovering. Complete epithelization occurs. Evidently, the O. ficus-indica treatment accelerates wound healing, probably by involving the proliferation and migration of the keratinocytes in the healing process.
Adverse reactions to protamine sulfate during cardiac surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. (1988)

The incidence of adverse reactions to protamine sulfate range from 0.06% to 27% and vary from mild urticaria to anaphylactic shock and death. In a retrospective analysis of 2996 patients, only four subjects experienced an adverse reaction due to protamine. Two individuals were NPH-insulin-dependent diabetics and two patients had exposure to protamine only during cardiac catheterization. Skin test titrations to protamine were done in three of four patients. One patient had a positive reaction at a 100-micrograms/mL dilution whereas the other two patients had positive reactions at 1000 micrograms/mL. In a comparable number of normal subjects, the threshold for a positive immediate skin response was 1000 micrograms/mL. Since the observed incidence of adverse reactions was 2.9% in NPH-insulin-dependent diabetics and 0.07% in non-diabetics, this represents a nearly 40-fold increased risk for diabetic patients (P less than .005). Skin testing appears to have limited applicability in the assessment of protamine sensitivity.
LILRB4, from the immune system to the disease target. (2020)

Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor B4 (LILRB4) is a member of leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs), which associate with membrane adaptors to signal through multiple cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). Under physiological conditions, LILRB4 plays a very important role in the function of the immune system through its expression on various immune cells, such as T cells and plasma cells. Under pathological conditions, LILRB4 affects the processes of various diseases, such as the transformation and infiltration of tumors and leukemias, through various signaling pathways. Differential expression of LILRB4 is present in a variety of immune system diseases, such as Kawasaki disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and sepsis. Recent studies have shown that LILRB4 also plays a role in mental illness. The important role of LILRB4 in the immune system and its differential expression in a variety of diseases make LILRB4 a potential prophylactic and therapeutic target for a variety of diseases.
Optical two channel elongation measurement of PZT piezoelectric multilayer stack actuators (2002)

A fast optical deflection measurement of multilayer actuators is described. This two beam method eliminates the measuring problems arising from fixing one side of clamped actuators by detecting the movements of both sides of the actuator. The frequency range of this interferometric measurement reaches from static up to 200 kHz. In this way fast mechanical response can be detected even in the case of rectangular pulses. The accuracy of the deflection measurement is better than 1%. The small and large signal effective d/sub 33/ data of PZT multilayer actuators, consisting of up to 500 single layers, are determined using this method. The dependence of these data on clamping force and pulse duration is investigated. For characterization of reliability of multilayer actuators the maximum number of cycles under hard driving conditions of rectangular pulses with rise times of 10 /spl mu/s leading to maximum loading currents of 20 A is determined.
Physical Modeling and Design of Thin-Film SOI Lateral PIN Photodiodes (2005)

Lateral PIN diodes on thin-film silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates are photodetectors of prime interest for UV and fast IR applications. We present numerical simulations and a simple but accurate way to implement 1-D internal physical modeling of such devices. This modeling allows for the optimization of their external and macroscopic performances such as quantum efficiency and output current as a function of design parameters such as intrinsic length of the diode. Speed and dark current performances versus the intrinsic length are also addressed, and design tradeoffs are illustrated by concrete applications. For diodes with intrinsic lengths between 2 to 4 /spl mu/m, our results predict quantum efficiencies of 56% to 60% at a 400-nm wavelength, with bandwidth of 1 to 10 GHz and a dark current of around 1 pA for a total diode area of 75/spl times/75 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ in a 0.12 /spl mu/m partially depleted SOI technology.