gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ACT-TILT project (Work Package 1.2.1) - Hinge moments estimation - Summary of results (2002)

This paper summarises the results obtained by the staff of the University of Pisa and TELEAVIO Srl concerning a preliminary estimation of the hinge moments on the aerodynamic control surfaces of the tilt rotor (operating in the "Fixed Wing" mode), carried out in order to allow the pre-design of the actuators of the flight control system.\nThe estimation was accomplished by means of two different methods (provided by ESDU and Hoerner ), whose results are then compared. The basic hypotheses are that the aerodynamic surfaces work in the linear range of incidence and control deflection. Nevertheless, an estimation of the hinge moments in the post-linear range of control deflection is also given.
Mitigating molecular and particulate contamination via surface energy (2008)

Amorphous fluorocarbon (a-C:F) thin films have been developed that protect surfaces from molecular and particulate contamination. The surface energies of the thin films are low and primarily dispersive in origin with values of energies measured to be as low as 18 mJ/m2 (17.5 dispersive, 0.5 polar). The films are transparent to visible light and have a refractive index of ~1.4. The a-C:F surface energy was found to be thermally stable when exposed to temperatures that range from 77°K to 400°C. Molecular absorption rates are significantly reduced on gold surfaces when over-coated with an a-C:F thin film. The adhesion force of particles to the a-C:F surface is low and can dramatically decrease the susceptibility of particles to adhere to surfaces over-coated with the thin film. The robust nature of the diamond-like thin films make them candidates for protecting aerospace surfaces, such as optical surfaces, from contamination.
Effect of C‐Terminal Amidation on Folding and Disulfide‐Pairing of α‐Conotoxin ImI (2005)

Building bridges: α-Conotoxins (C1–C3, C2–C4 disulfide pairing) adopt a globular conformation, whereas χ/λ-conotoxins (C1–C4, C2–C3 disulfide pairing) fold into a ribbon conformation. Amidation of the peptide C terminus has been shown to influence the folding (see picture) and hence the biological activity of conotoxins.
NMR spectroscopy in distinguishing between 3‐piperidyl‐ and 2‐pyrrolidylmethyl alcohols, amines, esters, and amides (1976)

Abstract Nmr analysis was found to be superior to an older ir technique for assigning structures in a study involving ring contraction‐expansion of 3‐hydroxypiperidine ⇌ 2‐hydroxymethylpyrrolidine systems and their ester derivatives. Nmr was not useful in studies of 3‐aminopiperidines and 2‐aminomethylpyrrolidines, but it could be applied to certain of their N ‐acyl derivatives. The nmr method was used to determine that esterification reactions of 1‐methyl‐3‐( p ‐toluenesulfonyl)‐piperidine and the sodium or potassium salts of some highly substituted carboxylic acids gave the ring‐contracted pyrrolidine esters. In contrast, 1‐methyl‐3‐aminopiperidine formed an amide with benzilic acid in which the piperidine ring remained unchanged. Aminolysis of methyl benzilate with 1‐methyl‐3‐aminopiperidine resulted in a novel decarbonylation of the ester and isolation of benzophenone and l‐methyl‐3‐formylamidopiperidine.
Haloselective Cross-Coupling via Ni/Photoredox Dual Catalysis (2017)

The chemoselective functionalization of polyfunctional aryl linchpins is crucial for rapid diversification. Although well-explored for C<sub>sp<sup>2</sup></sub> and C<sub>sp</sub> nucleophiles, the chemoselective introduction of C<sub>sp<sup>3</sup></sub> groups remains notoriously difficult and is virtually undocumented using Ni catalysts. To fill this methodological gap, a "haloselective" cross-coupling process of arenes bearing two halogens, I and Br, using ammonium alkylbis(catecholato)silicates, has been developed. Utilizing Ni/photoredox dual catalysis, C<sub>sp<sup>3</sup></sub> -C<sub>sp<sup>2</sup></sub> bonds can be forged selectively at the iodine-bearing carbon of bromo(iodo)arenes. The described high-yielding, base-free strategy accommodates various protic functional groups. Selective electrophile activation enables installation of a second C<sub>sp<sup>3</sup></sub> center and can be done without the need for purification of the intermediate monoalkylated product.
Preliminary Note on Volcanic Eruptions in the Goropu Mountains, Southeastern Papua, during the Period December, 1943, to August, 1944 (1946)

The phenomena and effects of new volcanic vents of the explosive type in the Goropu Mountains, Owen Stanley Ranges, Papua, are described on a basis of reports made by local observers. Petrological examination of lapilli from the vents indicates that an andesitic volcano has broken through ultrabasic rocks forming part of the Owen Stanley Ranges.
Self-Referencing Fiber-Optic Fluorescence Sensor for Turbid Samples (1998)

A novel single-fiber optical sensor was developed to measure solute fluorescence and to estimate a correction factor to compensate for the signal attenuation caused by suspended particles. The latter was effected using a reference fluorescer mounted beyond the end of the fiber tip. This sensor is intended for monitoring of contaminants in model aquifers and is adaptable to field use. The suspensions tested were Ca-montmorillonite, polystyrene latex beads, and silica. A tracer dye was used as the test analyte so that sorption of the sample onto the suspended particles would be negligible. The relationship between the reference fluorescence attenuation and the analyte attenuation agreed approximately with geometric prediction and could be determined without knowledge of the particle size distribution or the type of particles used. The results indicated that corrected solute fluorescence intensities could be obtained by successively sending an analyte excitation wavelength and a reference excitation wavelength into the fiber-optic sensor.
Inclusion of Cut and As-Grown Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Helical Superstructure of Schizophyllan and Curdlan (β-1,3-Glucans) (2005)

We have found that single-chain schizophyllan and curdlan (s-SPG and s-curdlan, respectively) can dissolve as-grown and cut single-walled carbon nanotubes (ag-SWNTs and c-SWNTs, respectively) in aqueous solution. The vis-NIR spectra of the composites suggest that c-SWNTs are dissolved as a bundle, whereas ag-SWNTs exist as one or only a few pieces in the tubular hollow constructed by the helical structure inherent to these beta-1,3-glucans. EDX and CLSM measurements and TEM observation established that the distribution map of these polysaccharides overlaps well with the image of SWNTs, indicating that these two components form a composite. Very interestingly, when c-SWNTs were dissolved with the aid of s-SPG or s-curdlan in water, a clear periodical structure with inclined stripes, as detected by AFM, appeared on the fibrous composite surface. Because this periodical structure has never been recognized for the composites with other water-soluble polymers, one can regard that s-SPG or s-curdlan wraps c-SWNTs constructing a helically twined structure. High-resolution TEM observation of an ag-SWNTs/s-SPG composite gave a clearer image in that two s-SPG chains twine one ag-SWNT and the helical motif is right-handed. When this sample was subjected to the AFM measurement, the composite showed the 2-3 nm height. This height implies that one piece of ag-SWNT is included in the s-SPGs helical structure. As a summary, it has been established that beta-1,3-glucans such as s-SPG and s-curdlan not only dissolve SWNTs but also create a novel superstructure on the surface.
A Cndovsb Program For The Calculation Of Second-Order Molecular Polarisabilities, And Its Application. (1987)

A semi-empirical CNDOVSB computer program has been developed to calculate the second-order nonlinear optical polarisabilities of molecules. The program has been parameterised by comparison of calculated and experimental values of molecular properties over a large wavelength range. The use of the program is described, both in the evaluation of the potential of specific compounds and also to study trends in series of related molecules. In particular, the effect of conjugation length on the nonlinear optical properties of polyphenyls and polyenes is described.
Quantification of macrobenthic effects on diagenesis using a multicomponent inversemodel in salt marsh sediments (2004)

Using a multicomponent inverse model, we quantified the rates of organic matter (OM) remineralization and the relative importance of major terminal electron acceptors [Fe(III)–(oxy)hydroxides and SO 4∐ 3 ] in salt marsh sediments with varying degrees of bioturbation and vegetation at Skidaway Island, Georgia. The model determined the rates of OM diagenesis by seeking simultaneous agreement between measured and model‐calculated depth‐concentration profiles of multiple major redox species while using the biological transport parameters determined from direct field observations. The OM degradation rates are found to be greater and penetrate deeper in sediments with vegetation or bioturbation than in sediments with limited macrobenthic components, in which organic matter degradation is restricted to the immediate vicinity of water‐sediment interface. The results also confirmed previous observations that Fe(III)–(oxy)hydroxides are much more important than sulfate as terminal electron acceptors in the heavily bioturbated station and provided the numerical values to the depth‐dependent relative importance. Solid‐phase Fe is recycled as a terminal electron acceptor >=30 times in the bioturbated station, because biological mixing repeatedly moves reduced Fe(II) back into the aerobic environment, where it is reoxidized to form Fe(III)–(oxy)hydroxides and is reused as a terminal electron acceptor. Vegetation appears to have little influence on net solute transport, but it stimulates microbial activities and significantly enhances the remineralization of OM at depths.
The Influenza B Virus Nonstructural NS1 Protein Is Essential for Efficient Viral Growth and Antagonizes Beta Interferon Induction (2004)

We analyzed the functions of the influenza B virus nonstructural NS1-B protein, both by utilizing a constructed mutant virus (Delta NS1-B) lacking the NS1 gene and by testing the activities of the protein when expressed in cells. The mutant virus replicated to intermediate levels in 6-day-old embryonated chicken eggs that contain an immature interferon (IFN) system, whereas older eggs did not support viral propagation to a significant extent. The Delta NS1-B virus was a substantially stronger inducer of beta IFN (IFN-beta) transcripts in human lung epithelial cells than the wild type, and furthermore, transiently expressed NS1-B protein efficiently inhibited virus-dependent activation of the IFN-beta promoter. Interestingly, replication of the Delta NS1-B knockout virus was attenuated by more than 4 orders of magnitude in tissue culture cells containing or lacking functional IFN-alpha/beta genes. These findings show that the NS1-B protein functions as a viral IFN antagonist and indicate a further requirement of this protein for efficient viral replication that is unrelated to blocking IFN effects.
Prospects for obesity treatment: MCH receptor antagonists. (2003)

The convergence of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor SLC-1 with its orexigenic neuropeptide ligand melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in 1999 stimulated considerable research activity aimed at characterizing the role of this receptor system in the regulation of body weight. A solid body of genetic and pharmacological evidence now supports a role for MCH in the modulation of food intake and energy expenditure. High-throughput screening efforts have led to the identification of small molecule MCH receptor antagonists with diverse structural features and drug-like properties. In vivo results with two of these antagonists indicate efficacy in several animal models of body weight regulation and feeding behavior. Based on these preclinical findings, it is likely that reports from clinical studies of MCH antagonists will soon be forthcoming.
Nonsuperconducting Fault Current Limiter With Controlling the Magnitudes of Fault Currents (2009)

In this paper, a diode-bridge-type nonsuperconductor fault current limiter (NSFCL) is proposed. The structure has the capability of controlling the DC reactor current that yields to control the magnitude of fault current. In order to control the magnitude of DC reactor current, a discharging resistor is used in the proposed structure. By controlling the magnitude of DC reactor current, it is possible to reduce the current rating and inductance of DC reactor. In addition, a series connection of DC voltage source with DC reactor is used to compensate the power loss of both nonsuperconducting dc reactor and diodes of fault current limiters (FCLs). By means of proposed NSFCL, it is possible to eliminate all disconnecting switches in the distribution network. The simulation and experimental results are presented to clarify the theory and possibility of implementation of the proposed NSFCL.
An In Vivo Study of Dentin Sensitivity: The Relation of Dentin Sensitivity and the Patency of Dentin Tubules (1991)

Dentin hypersensitivity can be a major problem for periodontal patients. The relationship between dentin hypersensitivity and the patency of dentin tubules in vivo has been established. Thirteen adult patients with teeth scheduled for extraction were selected and a stent fabricated to confirm location of the root surface being examined. Response to a constant air blast was recorded on a numeric pain rating scale (from 0 to 4) during the course of treatment. The tooth surface was initially treated with 0.5 molar EDTA (pH = 7.4), to remove the smear layer and expose tubules. The region was then treated with either a 3% monopotassium-monohydrogen oxalate solution or a 3% sodium chloride solution, both at pH = 2.4. Solutions were prepared to be indistinguishable to the examiner. Response to air was evaluated before and after EDTA treatment and after treatment with a desensitizing agent. The patient was anesthetized and the treated tooth extracted. Specimens were sectioned, critical point dried, sputter coated with gold, and examined under the scanning electron microscope. Photomicrographs were analyzed by computer assisted digital analysis to evaluate the degree of tubule occlusion. Statistical analysis by repeated measures ANOVA for univariate tests of hypothesis for within subject effects showed the sodium chloride solution was more effective in reducing dentin sensitivity than the potassium oxalate solution. Scanning electron micrographic analysis revealed a mean dentin tubule aperture size of 1.720 square microns following EDTA treatment alone, 0.564 square micron following potassium oxalate treatment, and 0.386 square micron following sodium chloride treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Extracellular ATP Is a Danger Signal Activating P2X7 Receptor in Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis (2010)

ATP released from BLM-injured lung cells constitutes a major endogenous danger signal that engages the P2X(7) receptor/pannexin-1 axis, leading to IL-1β maturation and lung fibrosis.
Clinical experience with polyelectrolyte-fractionated porcine factor VIII concentrate in the treatment of hemophiliacs with antibodies to factor VIII (1984)

Circulating antibodies to factor VIII (anti-VIII, “inhibitors”) occurring in patients with hemophilia neutralize porcine factor VIII less readily than human factor VIII in vitro. Over an 18-mo period, 8 patients with anti-VIII were treated with 45 courses (297 infusions) of polyelectrolyte-fractionated porcine factor VIII concentrate (PE porcine VIII). Where no anti-PE porcine VIII was detectable, mean post- infusion rise in plasma factor VIII was 1.29 U/dl/units infused/kg. Above 13 Old Oxford units of anti-PE porcine VIII and 48 Bethesda units of anti-human VIII, there were no postinfusion rises in plasma factor VIII. Where postinfusion rises were detected, clinical responses were good and conventional methods could be used to guide dosage. Ten percent of infusions were followed by febrile reactions, but these were usually mild and decreased in frequency and severity with increasing exposure. Multiple and prolonged courses of therapy were given to some patients without evidence of loss of clinical or laboratory efficacy. PE porcine VIII could provoke anamnestic rises of anti-VIII in susceptible patients, but appeared to have a lower immunogenic potential than human VIII. PE porcine VIII is a rational and effective therapeutic alternative for patients with anti-VIII, particularly those with intermediate level inhibitors who cannot be managed effectively using human factor VIII.
Enhanced Piezoelectric Properties of Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites Due to High β-Phase Formation in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (2013)

We prepared poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites using the electrospinning process and investigated the effects of varying the MWCNT content, as well as the additional use of drawing and poling on the polymorphic behavior and electroactive (piezoelectric) properties of the membranes obtained. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction revealed that dramatic changes occurred in the β-phase crystal formation with the MWCNT loading. This was attributed to the nucleation effects of the MWCNTs as well as the intense stretching of the PVDF jets in the electrospinning process. The remanent polarization and piezoelectric response increased with the amount of MWCNTs and piezoelectric β-phase crystals. A further mechanical stretching and electric poling process induced not only highly oriented β-phase crystallites, but also very good ferroelectric and piezoelectric performances. In the drawn samples, the interfacial interaction between the functional groups on the MWCNTs and the CF2 dipole of PVDF chains produced a large amount of β-phase content. In the poled samples, the incorporation of the MWCNTs made it easy to obtain efficient charge accumulation in the PVDF matrix, resulting in the conversion of the α-phase into the β-phase as well as the enhancement of remanent polarization and mechanical displacement.
Attribute Based Group Signature with Revocation. (2007)

Abstract. In real life, one requires signatures to be from people who fulfill certain criteria, implying that they should possess specific attributes. For example, Alice might want a signature from an employee in Bobs company who is a member in the IT staff, a senior manager within the biometrics team or at least a junior manager in the cryptography team. In such a case an Attribute Based Group Signature scheme (ABGS) could be applied. Group signature schemes are those where each member of a group can sign on behalf of the others. An ABGS scheme is a type of group signature scheme, where the signing member has to have certain attributes. In [12], the authors introduced the first ABGS but it lacked the ability to revoke. In this paper, we introduce a new scheme that will enable us to remove a member from a group or remove some of his attributes, when needed. 1
All‐<i>trans</i> retinoic acid regulates adhesion mechanism and transmigration of the acute promyelocytic leukaemia cell line NB‐4 under physiologic flow (1999)

The success of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in the therapy of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) has received increased attention. Unfortunately, life-threatening multiorgan failure commonly occurs, i.e. retinoic acid syndrome, and is thought to be the result of organ infiltration by leukaemic cells. We hypothesized that ATRA-induced differentiation of APL cells leads to adhesion receptor alterations responsible for leucocyte extravasation from the blood into tissue. Changes in adhesive properties of the APL cell line NB-4 in response to ATRA were investigated using a parallel plate flow chamber under conditions that recapitulate physiologic flow conditions. Untreated NB-4 cells initially tether and roll on activated human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers using a combination of E-selectin, P-selectin and alpha4 integrin. After ATRA treatment, > 80% of initial NB-4 cell attachment to endothelial cells was E-selectin dependent. Stable arrest (firm adherence) of NB-4 cells on activated endothelium was also altered by ATRA treatment. Untreated NB-4 cells used alpha4 integrin to arrest on endothelium, but beta2 integrin dependent arrest was induced by ATRA. With the acquisition of beta2 integrin function, ATRA-treated cells acquired the ability to transmigrate through activated endothelium. Thus, ATRA dramatically altered the adhesion phenotype on NB-4 cells: ATRA induced rolling largely attributable to E-selectin, abrogated alpha4 integrin dependent rolling, and promoted acquisition of beta2 integrin dependent firm adherence and transmigration. These findings represent novel cellular and differentiation effects of ATRA, and, to our knowledge, are the first demonstration that a therapeutic agent differentially regulates alpha4 and beta2 integrin on the same leucocyte.
Process optimisation for coloured laser grooved buried contact solar cells (2008)

The use of photovoltaic modules in architectural applications is now firmly established and large modules of glass-glass construction produced specifically for the BIPV market are available. However, the range of solar cell colours and shapes currently offered by suppliers is still very limited and this is a barrier to the widespread use of PV modules as constructional components. Initial investigations of the colour and efficiency of Laser Grooved Buried Contact (LGBC) solar cells as a function of the thickness of the LPCVD silicon nitride antireflection coating were reported in the late 1990s, but the subsequent commercialisation of coloured cell products has been limited in part by the difficulty in controlling the uniformity and reproducibility of colour in large scale cell production. The aim of the present work is to understand and control the processes that affect the thickness and hence colour of the silicon nitride ARC. Process conditions were optimised to enable the formation of antireflection coatings with thicknesses in the range 90 nm to 400 nm. LGBC solar cells were fabricated in 5 colours on both non-textured Cz and partially textured multicrystalline wafers. Good uniformity of colour was achieved both across individual cells and throughout whole process runs. Laser scribing was used to produce cells in a range of shapes which, in conjunction with the choice of colours, demonstrates the potential for novel BIPV applications.
Magnetization Reversal Mechanism iny-Fe203 ThinFilms (1991)

Magnetization reversal was studiedin Co-Ti-CudopedyFe203 thinfilms,prepared by sputtering and heat treatment. The crystalgrainsizedepend¬ ence of the coercivity suggested that the fanning mode is the most likely mechanismof rever¬ sal. The coercivity decreases withdecreasing grainsize becausethermally activated magnetization reversaltakes place.Rotationalhysteresis integrals for the filmsranged from 1.47 to 1.58,equalto thosefor the fanning mode.
Compendium of Wheat Diseases (1978)

Compendium of wheat diseases , Compendium of wheat diseases , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی