gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural and DrugDiffusion Models of Conventional and Auxetic Drug-ElutingStents (2006)

Abstract Most balloon angioplasty procedures include the insertion of tiny cylindrical wire mesh structures, called cardiovascular stents, into the artery to prevent the elastic recoil that follows arterial dilatation. The scaffolding characteristics of the stent provide strength to the artery wall. However, vascular injury during stent deployment and∕or recognition of the stent as a foreign material triggers neointimal hyperplasia, causing re-closure, or restenosis, of the artery. A recent advancement to counteract restenosis is to employ drug-eluting stents to locally deliver immunosuppressant and antiproliferative drugs. In this project, Fick’s law of diffusion was used to model drug diffusion from the stent matrix into the adjacent arterial tissue. An analytical procedure was also developed to estimate the circumferential and the flexural stiffnesses of stents. Furthermore, a unique auxetic (negative Poisson’s ratio) stent structure was proposed that exhibits high circumferential strength in its expanded configuration and low flexural rigidity in its crimped configuration. Results generated with the analytical diffusion model, developed in this project, compare favorably with previously published clinical and experimental data. The circumferential and flexural stiffnesses estimated using the analytical procedure developed in this project compare favorably with the results from rigorous finite element analyses and previously published experimental data.
Postnatal Unit Bassinet Types When Rooming-In after Cesarean Birth (2012)

Women preferred the side-car, but differences in breastfeeding frequency were not statistically significant. More infant risks were observed with stand-alone bassinet use.
A photographic method for mapping angular locations of exterior solar obstructions (2020)

This paper describes a photographic method for characterizing angular locations of exterior obstructions that cause shadows on a window and an image format for storing and querying angular obstruction maps. Exterior shading obstructions typically include, building attachments like overhangs and fins, or site context like neighboring buildings and trees. The described method uses a calibrated fisheye camera in order to relate pixel coordinates to real world angles with the window as a reference plane. The proposed angular obstruction maps use a new image projection format with azimuth angle for the x-axis and profile angle for the y-axis. This image format offers the unique feature of preserving lines that are orthonormal to a vector perpendicular to a façade. The angular obstruction maps described in this paper are useful in automated control of building shading systems (motorized shades, electrochromic windows, etc) in response to shadows from building context. The photographic method for generating obstruction maps are validated using two methods. First, the sun location in time-lapse photos taken with the calibrated camera (with neutral density filter) is compared to sun position calculated with validated algorithms. Second, time-lapse photos are used to compare real-world sunshine on a window to what is predicted by the photo generated obstruction map. The validations demonstrate that the photographicall generated obstruction maps are accurate to less than 1 degree.
Heat Shock Protein 72 Enhances Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Activity During Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Associated With Mitochondrial Protection and Apoptosis Reduction (2002)

These data suggest that the enhanced Mn-SOD activity during ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is associated with mitochondrial protection and apoptosis reduction, is a possible mechanism of HSP72-induced cardioprotection.
FIELD EMISSION AND APPLICATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES (2007)

The mechanism of field emission from a metal surface was well explained based on the quantum mechanics in early 20th century. Since then, various materials have been studied for field emitters. However, so far, we have been using only limited materials as a field emitter and an application in some area requires further scientific understandings and technological advancements. In this paper, we review the current status of researches in field emission and emission phenomena of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This may include current saturation induced by gas adsorbates, screening effects, high current emission, degradation of emitter, and field enhancement factor. We also introduce the present status in the development of various CNT-based field emission devices and discuss their performances. In this part, various potential applications such as field emission display, ionization gauge, X-ray gun, and lamp will be presented.
DEVDase detection in intact apoptotic cells using the cell permeant fluorogenic substrate, (z-DEVD) <sub>2</sub> -cresyl violet (2003)

Using a bisubstituted caspase-3 target sequence: aspartate-glutamate-valine-aspartate, (z-DEVD)2 peptide derivative of the fluorophore, cresyl violet, we have obtained a cell permeant, fluorogenic, caspase substrate capable of detecting the site-specific presence of functionally active, caspase-3 and caspase-7 up-regulation within intact apoptotic cells. Addition of this substrate to induced and noninduced cell culture populations allows for the rapid site-specific detection of caspase up-regulation without the requirement for a wash step. We demonstrate here the use of (z-DEVD)2-cresyl violet substrate for the detection of apoptosis induction in Jurkat, THP-1, and MCF-7 cells using fluorescence microscopy and 96-well fluorescence plate reader analysis. Intracellular up-regulated DEVDase activity, which was clearly visible by fluorescence microscopy and 96-well fluorescence plate reader measurements, showed greater than 6-fold increases in fluorescence output in induced versus noninduced Jurkat cell samples. A simple fluorogenic substrate conversion method is demonstrated here for detecting apoptosis induction within intact living cells.
Clinical and Experimental Advances in Regeneration of Spinal Cord Injury (2010)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the major disabilities dealt with in clinical rehabilitation settings and is multifactorial in that the patients suffer from motor and sensory impairments as well as many other complications throughout their lifetimes. Many clinical trials have been documented during the last two decades to restore damaged spinal cords. However, only a few pharmacological therapies used in clinical settings which still have only limited effects on the regeneration, recovery speed, or retraining of the spinal cord. In this paper, we will introduce recent clinical trials, which performed pharmacological treatments and cell transplantations for patients with SCI, and evaluate recent in vivo studies for the regeneration of injured spinal cord, including stem-cell transplantation, application of neurotrophic factors and suppressor of inhibiting factors, development of biomaterial scaffolds and delivery systems, rehabilitation, and the combinations of these therapies to evaluate what can be appropriately applied in the future to the patients with SCI.
Hydroxylapatite Chromatography of Protein-Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes (1972)

Abstract Hydroxylapatite (calcium phosphate) chromatography was investigated as a method for separating protein subunits dissociated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The proteins used included: a series of 11 well characterized proteins composed of single or identical subunits varying in molecular weight from 11,700 to 165,000; hemoglobin, composed of α and β chains of 146 and 141 amino acids; and vaccinia virus structural proteins, composed of more than 15 different polypeptide subunits. Reduced proteins were complexed with SDS and adsorbed to columns of hydroxylapatite. Using linear gradients of sodium phosphate, pH 6.4, containing 0.1% SDS and 1mm dithiothreitol, all tested proteins eluted between 0.2 and 0.5 m phosphate. A useful feature of the method is that proteins do not all elute in order of molecular weight. Thus polypeptide separations on hydroxylapatite are different from those obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or gel filtration in SDS. The high resolution of the method was demonstrated by separating the α and β chains of hemoglobin and complex mixtures of viral polypeptides. By using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and hydroxylapatite chromatography in succession, it has been possible to separate vaccinia virus structural polypeptides that had not previously been resolved.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) Inhibits Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Catalepsy-Like Immobilization in Mice (2007)

The effect of the serotonin 5-HT(2A/2C)-receptor agonist 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) on Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-induced catalepsy-like immobilization was studied in mice. DOI (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited the catalepsy-like immobilization induced by THC (10 mg/kg, i.p.). In contrast, the selective 5-HT(2C)-receptor agonist 8,9-dichloro-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazino[1,2-a]quinoxalin-5(6H)-one (WAY 161503) had no effect on this catalepsy-like immobilization. Moreover, the 5-HT(2A)-receptor antagonist ketanserin (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) reversed the inhibition of THC-induced catalepsy-like immobilization caused by DOI (1 mg/kg), whereas the selective 5-HT(2C)-receptor antagonist 6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-N-[6-(2-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxyl]-3-pyridinyl]-1H-indole-1-carboxyamide (SB 242084) did not affect this inhibitory effect of DOI. On the other hand, ketanserin (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) enhanced the catalepsy-like immobilization induced by THC (6 mg/kg, i.p.). Thus, on the basis of these results, it appears that 5-HT(2A)-receptor mechanisms might be responsible for the inhibitory effect of DOI on THC-induced catalepsy-like immobilization.
Stable, biocompatible lipid vesicle generation by solvent extraction-based droplet microfluidics (2011)

In this paper, we present a microfluidic platform for the continuous generation of stable, monodisperse lipid vesicles 20–110 μm in diameter. Our approach utilizes a microfluidic flow-focusing droplet generation design to control the vesicle size by altering the system’s fluid flow rates to generate vesicles with narrow size distribution. Double emulsions are first produced in consecutive flow-focusing channel geometries and lipid membranes are then formed through a controlled solvent extraction process. Since no strong solvents are used in the process, our method allows for the safe encapsulation and manipulation of an assortment of biological entities, including cells, proteins, and nucleic acids. The vesicles generated by this method are stable and have a shelf life of at least 3 months. Here, we demonstrate the cell-free in vitro synthesis of proteins within lipid vesicles as an initial step towards the development of an artificial cell.
High Surface Area Molybdenum Nitride Support for Fuel Cell Electrodes (2011)

Alternative supports for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells were synthesized and catalytic activity was explored using electrochemical analysis. High surface area, molybdenum nitride supports were synthesized by rapidly heating a gel of polyethyleneimine bound molybdenum in a tube furnace under a forming gas atmosphere. Subsequent disposition of platinum through an incipient wetness approach lead to dispersed crystallites of platinum on the conductive support. All the ceramic materials were characterized with XRD, SEM, TEM and electrochemical analysis. The supports without platinum are highly stable to acidic aqueous conditions and show no signs of oxygen reduction reactivity (ORR). However, once the 20 wt % platinum is added to the material, ORR activity comparable to XC72 based materials is observed.
Aminoalkylsilane: An Inexpensive, Simple Preparation for Slide Adhesion (1989)

Glass microscope slides treated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AAS) provide superior tissue adhesion of paraffin and frozen section material and less background reaction than white glue, albumen, chrome-gelatin, or poly-L-lysine coated slides. These slides are easy and inexpensive to prepare (The J Histotechnol 12:123, 1989).
Influences of Lex Adickes upon Legislations of Japanese Land Readjustment System (1987)

It is said that the excess condemnation method and the land readjustment system of Japan were legislated following German models, such as the Lex Adickes in 1902. We compare Japanese legislations with their German models, for examples, the 1899 Japanese Agricultural Land Readjustment Act with the 1986 Badish L.R. Act, and the 1919 Town Planning Act and the 1923 Adhoc T.P. Act with the Lex Adickes. We concluded that the 1919 Act was legislated virtually following after a German model, but the model was not the 1902 Lex Adickes but its second bill in 1893.
Formation of intermediate cementum. III: /sup 3/H-tryptophan and /sup 3/H-proline uptake into the epithelial root sheath of Hertwig in vitro (1982)

The intermediate cementum is a narrow, mineralized tissue between the cementum and dentin. Recent studies have shown that this tissue is mineralized by the epithelial root sheath in a way similar to the mineralization of the innermost layer of aprismatic enamel. In the present investigation uptake of proline and tryptophan into the epithelial root sheath was studied with autoradiography. Tryptophan is an amino acid that is incorporated into enamel matrix but not into collagen. Tryptophan uptake was significant in the whole epithelial root sheath, but not into the odontoblasts or predentin. Proline was incorporated into the predentin while the root sheath was unlabeled. This indicated that the matrix of the intermediate cementum was formed by the epithelial root sheath of Hertwig, and that this matrix was a noncollagenous matrix possibly of the same nature as enamel matrix.
Urinary Tract Infection (1994)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jul 1994Urinary Tract Infection Anthony J. SchaefferM.D. Anthony J. SchaefferAnthony J. Schaeffer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)42193-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1994 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 152Issue 1July 1994Page: 280-282 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1994 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony J. Schaeffer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Disruption of genes regulated during hematopoietic differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (1998)

A retroviral gene trap vector (U3Tkneo) that selects for integrations in or near expressed 5' exons has been used to identify genes that are repressed during hematopoietic differentiation of mouse totipotent embryonic stem cells. The vector contains coding sequences for an HSV-thymidine kinase/neomycin phosphotransferase fusion protein in the U3 region of a Moloney murine leukemia virus LTR and allows selection for (G418) and against (Ganciclovir; GC) U3 gene expression. A total of 208 neomycin-resistant clones were isolated following infection with U3tkneo and screened for integrations into regulated genes by using a two-step, semisolid culture system that supports hematopoietic differentiation. Two clones contained U3Tkneo integrations in genes that were repressed selectively in hematopoietic cells. Analysis of upstream proviral flanking sequences indicated that both integrations occurred into unknown genes. One up-stream sequence identified a cellular transcript that was expressed differentially in the kidneys and liver of adult mice. When this fusion gene was passaged to the germ line, homozygous offspring with nearly null mutations were obtained. However, mutant mice were normal, suggesting that potential loss of function phenotypes are subtle and may be restricted to the kidneys and the liver.
A human homolog of the <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad9</i> <sup>+</sup> checkpoint control gene (1996)

The product of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad9+ gene is required for cell cycle arrest at the G2 checkpoints in response to incompletely replicated or damaged DNA. We have identified a human cDNA from an infant brain library that is a structural homolog of S. pombe rad9+, by searching the dBest data base for sequences similar to the fission yeast gene. The human gene encodes a 391-amino acid long, 42,520-Da protein that is approximately 25% identical and 52% similar to the yeast protein. The human and yeast gene products demonstrate partial conservation of function, as the human cDNA can rescue to different degrees the sensitivity of S. pombe rad9::ura4+ cells to the DNA synthesis inhibitor hydroxyurea and gamma rays, as well as the associated checkpoint controls. These results suggest an underlying conservation of the molecular mechanisms of S and G2 checkpoint control pathways in most if not all eukaryotes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization using a fragment of the corresponding human genome as a probe, in conjunction with PCR reactions employing DNA from human X rodent somatic cell hybrids, has localized the gene to human chromosome 11q13.1-13.2. This region contains a number of tumor suppressor loci, and based on the biology of checkpoint control genes, HRAD9 should be considered a strong candidate for one of them.
Llegará lejos el etanol (2007)

El etanol podria sustituir a la gasolina, pero no sera verdaderamente provechoso mientras no sepamos destilarlo a gran escala de hierbas, tallos de maiz o de paja de los cereales, y no, como hasta ahora, solo de los granos
GPU Local Triangulation: an interpolating surface reconstruction algorithm (2008)

Abstract A GPU capable method for surface reconstruction from unorganized point clouds without additional information, called GLT (GPU Local Triangulation), is presented. The main objective of this research is the generation of a GPU interpolating reconstruction based on local Delaunay triangulations, inspired by a pre‐existing reconstruction algorithm. Current graphics hardware accelerated algorithms are approximating approaches, where the final triangulation is usually performed through either marching cubes or marching tetrahedras. GPU‐compatible methods and data structures to perform normal estimation and the local triangulation have been developed, plus a variation of the Bitonic Merge Sort algorithm to work with multi‐lists. Our method shows an average gain of one order of magnitude over previous research.
Fluorinated Graphene as High Performance Dielectric Materials and the Applications for Graphene Nanoelectronics (2014)

There is broad interest in surface functionalization of 2D materials and its related applications. In this work, we present a novel graphene layer transistor fabricated by introducing fluorinated graphene (fluorographene), one of the thinnest 2D insulator, as the gate dielectric material. For the first time, the dielectric properties of fluorographene, including its dielectric constant, frequency dispersion, breakdown electric field and thermal stability, were comprehensively investigated. We found that fluorographene with extremely thin thickness (5 nm) can sustain high resistance at temperature up to 400 °C. The measured breakdown electric field is higher than 10 MV cm(-1), which is the heightest value for dielectric materials in this thickness. Moreover, a proof-of-concept methodology, one-step fluorination of 10-layered graphene, is readily to obtain the fluorographene/graphene heterostructures, where the top-gated transistor based on this structure exhibits an average carrier mobility above 760 cm(2)/Vs, higher than that obtained when SiO₂ and GO were used as gate dielectric materials. The demonstrated fluorographene shows excellent dielectric properties with fast and scalable processing, providing a universal applications for the integration of versatile nano-electronic devices.
The Role of Genetic factors in Susceptibility to Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) (2011)

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer in the northeast of Iran. In a series of studies we explored the genetic basis for this. First we showed the risk to age 75 of esophageal cancer in the first-degree relatives of patients with esophageal cancer was 34%, versus 14% for the first-degree relatives of the controls (hazard ratio = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.7-3.1; P = 3 x 10 – 8). Second, in a candidate-gene association approach, we showed that the ADH1B p.Arg48His mutation was associated with a significantly decreased risk of ESCC (OR = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.29-0.76; P = 4x10-4) under a recessive mode of inheritance, although our study subjects were not alcohol drinkers. Third, we showed the BRCA2 p.Lys3326X variant to be associated with increased risk of ESCC (OR = 3.38, 95%CI = 1.97-6.91; P = 2x10-4). Then, we hypothesized that the genes for Fanconi anemia may be candidate genes for ESCC and sequenced the entire coding regions of 12 Fanconi anemia genes in the germline DNA of 190 ESCC cases. We identified three heterozygous insertion/deletions in FANCD2, FANCE and FANCL. All three patients had a strong family history of ESCC. In addition, we found two homozygous patients for the deleterious FANCA p.Ser858Arg mutation. We found two more homozygotes in 556 more ESCC patients, but in none of 1373 matched controls (OR = 16.7, 95%CI = 6.2-44.2; P = 0.01). Finally, we implemented a pilot genome-wide association study in ESCC using 182 cases and 177 matched controls. None of the 1.2 M observed and imputed SNPs showed an association with ESCC at a genome-wide significance level. This showed that an ESCC susceptibility allele with OR>3 estimated from our familial risk study, is unlikely to be identified among common variants of the human genome and we should look for it among rare variants.
Nanofibrous substrates support colony formation and maintain stemness of human embryonic stem cells (2009)

Inadequate cell numbers in culture is one of the hurdles currently delaying the application of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) for transplantation therapy. Nanofibrous scaffolds have been effectively used to expand and differentiate non-colony forming multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for the repair of tissues or organs. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of nanofibrous scaffolds for hESC proliferation, increase in colony formation, self-renewal properties, undifferentiation and retention of 'stemness'. Polycaprolactone/collagen (PCL/collagen) and PCL/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated using electrospinning technology. The hESCs were seeded on the nanofibrous scaffolds in the presence or absence of mitomycin-C treated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The hESCs grown on both scaffolds in the presence of the MEFs produced an increase in cell growth of 47.58% (P<or= 0.006) and 40.18% (P<or= 0.005), respectively, over conventional controls of hESCs on MEFs alone. The hESC colonies were also larger in diameter on the scaffolds compared to controls (PCL/collagen, 156.25 +/- 7 microM and PCL/gelatin, 135.42 +/- 5 microM). Immunohistochemistry of the hESCs grown on the nanofibrous scaffolds with MEFs, demonstrated positive staining for the various stemness-related markers (octamer 4 [OCT-4], tumour rejection antigen-1-60, GCTM-2 and TG-30), and semi-quantitative RT-PCR for the pluripotent stemness genomic markers (NANOG, SOX-2, OCT-4) showed that they were also highly expressed. Continued successful propagation of hESC colonies from nanofibrous scaffolds back to conventional culture on MEFs was also possible. Nanofibrous scaffolds support hESC expansion in an undifferentiated state with retention of stemness characteristics thus having tremendous potential in scaling up cell numbers for transplantation therapy.