gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Environmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene (isopropyl(2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate). II. Metabolism by aquatic microorganisms (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnvironmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene (isopropyl(2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate). II. Metabolism by aquatic microorganismsDavid A. Schooley, B. John. Bergot, Loren L. Dunham, and John B. SiddallCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 2, 293–298Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60198a059https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60198a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal Parallel MPEG Encoding (1996)

Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) encoding is a computationally expensive operation. This paper outlines a method of compressing video streams from within a Resolution Independent Video Language (RIVL) using the MPEG standard of compression in parallel. Two processes, a client and a server, work in tandem to parallelize the MPEG encoding process. The client dispatches jobs to each of the available servers for processing and the servers handle the compression of the video streams. The goal of Optimal Parallel MPEG Encoding is to derive a scalable, robust protocol to efficiently handle this computation. 1. INTRODUCTION We implemented an algorithm which encodes MPEG[8] videos using a network of workstations on a shared file system. To accomplish this, the video to be encoded is divided at logical breaks in the video stream. These breaks are determined either by use of an existing cut detector or an automatic step size calculation. The major advantage of this implementation is increased p...
The concept assignment problem in program understanding (1993)

Concept assignment is a process of recognizing concepts within a computer program and building up an understanding of the program by relating the recognized concepts to portions of the program, its operational context and to one another. The problem of discovering individual human oriented concepts and assigning them to their implementation oriented counterparts for a given program is the concept assignment problem. The authors argue that the solution to this problem requires methods that have a strong plausible reasoning component. They illustrate these ideas through example scenarios using an existing design recovery system called DESIRE. DESIRE is evaluated based on its usage on real-world problems over the years. >
An experimental testbed for embedded real time Ada 95 (1999)

The modifications made to Ada during the 9X process have resulted in a language that is ideally suited to programming real-time systems. In this paper we investigate the difficulties in realising this potential. In particular, we consider the issues raised when porting the public GNAT system on to a bare processor and producing a predictable and effective run-time system. As we were also concerned with issues of distribution via a CAN broadcast bus, support for the CAN protocol was included in the run-time system. In addition to investigating the performance of real-time Ada 95 applications we were also interested in more general issues associated with embedded kernel support for Ada 95. To facilitate these investigations and obtain the required level of performance, the thread package via which GNAT implement various aspects of the Ada language has been re-implemented. We discuss the architecture selected for this embedded kernel implementation and its relation to the architecture of the GNAT compiler.
Structured data collection and knowledge-based user guidance for abdominal ultrasound reporting. (1993)

This paper describes a system for structured data collection and report generation in abdominal ultrasonography. The system is based on a controlled vocabulary and hierarchies of concepts; it uses a graphical user interface. More than 17,000 reports have been generated by 43 physicians using this system, which is integrated into a departmental information system. Evaluations have shown that it is a well accepted tool for the fast generation of reports of comparatively high quality. The functionality is enhanced by two additional components: a hybrid knowledge-based module for "intelligent" user guidance and an interactive tutoring system to illustrate the terminology.
Bandwidth characteristics of printed dipole antenna with artificial magnetic conductor reflector (2014)

This paper describes the printed dipole antenna impedance that is calculated using the ideal reflection phase of the AMC. Moreover, the optimum reflection phase of the AMC reflector for best relative bandwidth is described. From the result, the wide RBW was realized by the low distance of the printed dipole antenna and RBW <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PMC</sub> = 20~30%. Moreover, the printed dipole antenna distance that had the widest RBW was shown.
Toward data quality analytics in signature verification using a convolutional neural network (2017)

Many studies have been conducted on Handwritten Signature Verification. Researchers have taken many different approaches to accurately identify valid signatures from skilled forgeries, which closely resemble the real signature. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a method for validating written signatures on bank checks. This model uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze pixels from a signature image to recognize abnormalities. We believe the feature extraction capabilities of a CNN can optimize processing time and feature analysis of signature verification. Unique characteristics from signatures can be accurately and rapidly analyzed with multiple layers of receptive fields and hidden layers. Our method was able to correctly detect the validity of the inputted signature approximately 83 percent of the time. We tested our method using the SIGCOMP 2011 dataset. The main contribution of this method is to detect and decrease fraud committed, especially in the banking industry. Future uses of signature verification could include legal documents and the justice system.
Lithography simulation in semiconductor manufacturing (2005)

In the 30 years since lithography modeling was first introduced, optical lithography simulation has progressed from a curiosity, to a research and development tool, and finally to a manufacturing tool. While much has been published on new developments in lithography simulators and their use in advanced lithography development, less is published on how simulators have been used and are soon to be used in semiconductor manufacturing flows. This review paper will describe the most popular and useful examples today for lithography simulators in a manufacturing environment.
Changes in Microstructure of Ferrous Powder Metal Compacts During High Temperature Sintering (1980)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Samples of commercial powders were sintered at the conventional sintering temperature of 1120°C (2050°F) and also at high temperatures of 1232°C and 1288°C (2250°F and 2350°F) using different time cycles in an industrial walking-beam furnace. Pore morphology is shown in a series of photomicrographs. The spheroidization of pores is rapid at high temperatures and the rate of spheroidization increases with the complexity of powder particles. Pore rounding is also associated with the elimination of prior particle identity as shown in a series of fractographs. High temperature sintered parts, due to improved impact strength and ductility, have potential for expanding the field of powder metallurgy, because parts so processed can be substituted for all but the most demanding forgings and also for nodular iron castings. A nitrogen-base atmosphere of 96:4 N<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub> composition with a small addition of CO gas performed satisfactorily during high temperature sintering. Dimensional changes were studied and problems connected with dimensional control are discussed.</div>
Comparison of Her-2, EGFR and Cyclin D1 in Primary Breast Cancer and Paired Metastatic Lymph Nodes: An Immunohistochemical and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization Study (2008)

The significant advance in the development of molecular-targeting drugs has made an evaluation of Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1 an important clinical issue in breast cancer patients. This study compared the Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1 status of primary tumors as well as their matching lymph node metastases using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) in 73 breast cancer patients. Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1 protein showed a concordance between the primary lesion and the metastatic regional lymph nodes in 82%, 90%, and 63%, respectively. CISH also revealed 92%, 93%, and 85% concordance in the gene amplification status of Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1, showing a reasonable agreement between primary tumors and metastatic regional lymph nodes. Although a statistically significant agreement was found in Her-2 expression, a relatively high discordance rate (18%) raises a little concern. Our findings suggest that the Her-2 status can be reliably assessed on primary tumor but a possible difference can be found in Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1 status between the primary and the metastatic sites and this possibility should be concerned in patients considering molecular targeted therapy or patients with progress of disease.
Absorbed-specimen current imaging implementation and characterization in nano-prober for resistive interconnects isolation in 45-nm silicon-on-insulator microprocessors (2010)

specimen current imaging forms an image based on the electron current signal absorbed by the specimen when the primary electron beam scans across the specimen in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This method combined is mainly used to localize resistive or open contact/via sites in a multi-layer silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microprocessor chip. The major benefit of absorbed-current imaging is the isolation of buried interconnect defects beneath the surface layer. We successfully implemented absorbed-current imaging in a nano-prober system and performed detailed characterization of parameters influencing the absorbed current. The absorbed-specimen current imaging method is validated using intentionally shorted interconnects.
A multi-camera framework for visual servoing of a collaborative robot in industrial environments (2017)

A great part of today's industries tends to invest on automatic machines that can replace or collaborate with humans in typical repetitive tasks. Despite their high motion and positioning precision, most of these robots operate blindly, causing the working system to be poorly robust to even slight changes of the working environment. A solution to such an issue might be to make the robots capable of readjusting their actions according to a perceptual feedback, in particular made of visual data. However in many application single camera systems lack of field-of-view, accuracy and precise 3D localization. In this work we propose a multi-camera framework for the visual servoing of a collaborative robot that has to manipulate untextured industrial pieces. The robot is supposed to recognize the object of interest and reach it with its end-effector. We adopt a multi-camera approach that overcomes typical issues related to single-camera schemes. The system contains an object recognition module that extends an already existing algorithm for 2D detection on images to approximate 3D localization in space. A final probabilistic recursive estimation process combines the measures provided by the different sensors in order to improve the target pose computation, considering all the possible uncertainty and disturbance sources that may interfer, thus making the system more robust and efficient.
Effect of environmental stress on Clostridium difficile toxin levels during continuous cultivation (1979)

A method for the continuous culture of Clostridium difficile has been described. It has been shown that subjecting continuous cultures of this microorganism to environmental stress results in increased levels of toxin in culture medium. Factors found to cause this release include alteration of the Eh from --360 to +100 mV or increasing the temperature from 37 to 45 degrees C. The increased toxin levels were not associated with a change in viable cell density or the numbers of spores present. Additional studies have shown that subinhibitory concentrations of vancomycin and penicillin, but not clindamycin, also cause an increase in toxin levels during continuous culture. The increase in supernatant toxin levels occurs concomitant with a decrease in sonicated cell extract toxin levels. The data suggest that a number of factors can cause a release of toxin from C. difficile into the surrounding medium.
Warped filters and their audio applications (2002)

An inherent property of many DSP algorithms is that they tend to exhibit uniform frequency resolution from zero to the Nyquist frequency. This is a direct consequence of using unit delays as building blocks; a frequency independent delay implies uniform frequency resolution. In audio applications, however, this is often an undesirable feature since the response properties are typically specified and measured on a logarithmic scale, following the behavior of the human auditory system. We present an overview of warped filters and DSP techniques which can be designed to better match the audio and auditory criteria. Audio applications, including modeling of auditory and musical phenomena, equalization techniques, auralization, and audio coding, are presented.
Weather forecast and light-tissue model based dose planning for daylight PpIX-photodynamic therapy of skin (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for actinic keratosis (AK) and certain non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) is performed with either blue light (415nm Lamp), red light (630nm LED Lamps) or with sunlight. The differences in PDT efficacy can be high when using the latter broad-spectrum activation of PpIX. The purpose of this work was to establish a predictive treatment plan approach to daylight PDT which incorporated both local weather forecast information as well as prediction of wavelength-depth dependence upon the efficacy. The concept of PpIX-weighted light fluence is now well established as a way to compare effective light doses from daylight PDT to traditional lamp PDT, but there is limited work to date considering the effects of tissue optical properties or the dynamic distribution of PpIX at depths into the tissue. Using a Monte Carlo model of light fluence in a multi-layer skin geometry we estimate the effective fluence at depth in tissue. The result of these simulations in combination with a model for PpIX production and photobleaching at a range of depths are used to generate lookup tables for the time needed to reach a specific photodynamic dose at a predicted lesion thickness. These tables are then used as the foundation of a web-based application that will better inform the dermatology team of light dosing options. GPS-derived location is used to retrieve forecasted and historical weather patterns automatically, and used as an additional input to further refine prescribed dosing of daylight-PDT. The application is currently being tested in conjunction with fluorescence dosimetry, as a method to verify and alleviate clinical variation in lesion clearing from daylight PDT.
Thyroidal and peripheral production of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in humans by multicompartmental analysis (1990)

Multicompartmental analysis of thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) kinetics based on the plasma disappearance curves of the two tracer hormones (J. J. DiStefano III, M. Jang, T. K. Malone, and M. Broutman. Endocrinology 110: 198-213, 1982 and J. J. DiStefano III, T. K. Malone, and M. Jang. Endocrinology 111: 108-117, 1982) was extended to include additional experimental data, namely, the appearance curve in plasma of labeled T3 generated in vivo from precursor T4. Kinetic analysis of data obtained in 14 studies carried out in normal subjects by using a composite six-pool model made it possible to quantify the contributions of the thyroid (3.3 micrograms.day-1.m-2) and the periphery (12.7 micrograms.day-1.m-2) to T3 production. T4 monodeiodination occurred mainly in peripheral tissues rapidly exchanging with plasma (10.7 micrograms T3.day-1.m-2), whereas only 2.0 micrograms T3.day-1.m-2 arose in slowly exchanging tissues. In contrast, if plasma disappearance curves only were analyzed, a value of 10.9 micrograms T3.day-1.m-2 was calculated for peripheral conversion in slowly exchanging tissues; this underscores the need for additional data, such as the [125I]T3 plasma appearance curve for the partition of central and peripheral production of T3.
Metal‐Organic Framework Encapsulation Preserves the Bioactivity of Protein Therapeutics (2018)

Protein therapeutics are prone to lose their structure and bioactivity under various environmental stressors. This study reports a facile approach using a nanoporous material, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), as an encapsulant for preserving the prototypic protein therapeutic, insulin, against different harsh conditions that may be encountered during storage, formulation, and transport, including elevated temperatures, mechanical agitation, and organic solvent. Both immunoassay and spectroscopy analyses demonstrate the preserved chemical stability and structural integrity of insulin offered by the ZIF-8 encapsulation. Biological activity of ZIF-8-preserved insulin after storage under accelerated degradation conditions (i.e., 40 °C) is evaluated in vivo using a diabetic mouse model, and shows comparable bioactivity to refrigeration-stored insulin (-20 °C). It is also demonstrated that ZIF-8-preserved insulin has low cytotoxicity in vitro and does not cause side effects in vivo. Furthermore, ZIF-8 residue can be completely removed by a simple purification step before insulin administration. This biopreservation approach is potentially applicable to diverse protein therapeutics, thus extending the benefits of advanced biologics to resource-limited settings and underserved populations/regions.
A Method of Formation Testing on Logging Cable (1957)

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 210, 1957, pages 260–267. Abstract A formation tester run on logging cable is now available to the oil industry. It offers a method of safely and rapidly testing possible producing formations in uncased holes. These tests can be made up the hole after running the electric log. Reservoir pressure data is continuously recorded at the surface as the fluid sample is extracted. The tester may be assembled with a reservoir of 1−, 2.75−, or 55-gal capacity. A retaining pad on the body of the tool is expanded against the wall of the hole at the exact depth desired; this depth is determined by electrical log control. Two bullets are then fired through the center of the retaining pad which create a connection between the formation and a flow line to the sample chamber. When the chamber is filled, a valve is closed and the fluid sample sealed at maximum pressure. The tool is retracted to minimum diameter and brought out of the hole. Electrical circuits permit a complete recording at the surface of the mechanical operations of the tool as well as the formation pressure build-up and the hydrostatic mud pressure. The tool was introduced commercially during the latter part of 1955 in the Gulf Coasts of Louisiana and Texas. Over 1,000 operations have been made to date (Sept. 1, 1956); 50 per cent of which resulted in successful tests. Failures have been due mostly to ineffective sealing in unconsolidated sands. One major company had 41 successful tests out of 80 attempts with 23 ineffective pad seals. Results for this company were very gratifying as to pinpointing gas-oil ratios, indicating productive permeabilities and aiding in determination of fluid content where electrical log and side-wall coring information were inconclusive. Eight typical pressure curves are discussed (including misruns). Six types of fluid recoveries are interpreted. Eight actual field examples of electric logs, showing the problems solved by the formation tester, are illustrated.
Inhibition of Autoimmune Diabetes by TLR2 Tolerance (2011)

We have reported that apoptotic β cells undergoing secondary necrosis, called "late apoptotic (LA) β cells," stimulated APCs and induced diabetogenic T cell priming through TLR2, which might be one of the initial events in autoimmune diabetes. Indeed, diabetogenic T cell priming and the development of autoimmune diabetes were significantly inhibited in TLR2-null NOD mice, suggesting the possibility that TLR2 blockade could be used to inhibit autoimmune diabetes. Because prolonged TLR stimulation can induce TLR tolerance, we investigated whether repeated TLR2 administration affects responses to LA β cells and inhibits autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by inducing TLR2 tolerance. Treatment of primary peritoneal macrophages with a TLR2 agonist, Pam3CSK(4), suppressed cytokine release in response to LA insulinoma cells or further TLR2 stimulation. The expression of signal transducer IRAK-1 and -4 proteins was decreased by repeated TLR2 stimulation, whereas expression of IRAK-M, an inhibitory signal transducer, was enhanced. Chronic Pam3CSK(4) administration inhibited the development of diabetes in NOD mice. Diabetogenic T cell priming by dendritic cells and upregulation of costimulatory molecules on dendritic cells by in vitro stimulation were attenuated by Pam3CSK(4) administration in vivo. Pam3CSK(4) inhibited diabetes after adoptive transfer of diabetogenic T cells or recurrence of diabetes after islet transplantation by pre-existing sensitized T cells. These results showed that TLR2 tolerance can be achieved by prolonged treatment with TLR2 agonists, which could inhibit priming of naive T cells, as well as the activity of sensitized T cells. TLR2 modulation could be used as a novel therapeutic modality against autoimmune diabetes.
I<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>2</sub>-Promoted Domino Reactions of Isatins or 3-Hydroxyindolin-2-one Derivatives with Enaminones (2013)

I2-promoted domino reactions of isatins or 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one derivatives with enaminones under O2 conditions have been established. The reactions of isatins with enaminones afforded functionalized tetracyclic pyrrolo[2,3,4-kl]acridine derivatives in moderate to good yields through domino cyclization and C-H oxidation. The reactions of 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one derivatives with enaminones proceeded well to give functionalized pyrrolo[2,3,4-kl]acridine derivatives via tandem ring-opening/recyclization/methyl migration sequences with two C-C bonds cleaved.