gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation Analysis between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism and Expression Arrays in Gliomas Identifies Potentially Relevant Target Genes (2009)

Primary brain tumors are a major cause of cancer mortality in the United States. Therapy for gliomas, the most common type of primary brain tumors, remains suboptimal. The development of improved therapeutics will require greater knowledge of the biology of gliomas at both the genomic and transcriptional levels. We have previously reported whole genome profiling of chromosome copy number alterations (CNA) in gliomas, and now present our findings on how those changes may affect transcription of genes that may be involved in tumor induction and progression. By calculating correlation values of mRNA expression versus DNA copy number average in a moving window around a given RNA probe set, biologically relevant information can be gained that is obscured by the analysis of a single data type. Correlation coefficients ranged from -0.6 to 0.7, highly significant when compared with previous studies. Most correlated genes are located on chromosomes 1, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 19, 20, and 22, chromosomes known to have genomic alterations in gliomas. Additionally, we were able to identify CNAs whose gene expression correlation suggests possible epigenetic regulation. This analysis revealed a number of interesting candidates such as CXCL12, PTER, and LRRN6C, among others. The results have been verified using real-time PCR and methylation sequencing assays. These data will further help differentiate genes involved in the induction and/or maintenance of the tumorigenic process from those that are mere passenger mutations, thereby enriching for a population of potentially new therapeutic molecular targets.
Reactions of stabilized criegee intermediates from the gas‐phase reactions of O<sub>3</sub>with selected alkenes (2001)

Abstract The gas‐phase reactions of O 3 with 1‐octene, trans ‐7‐tetradecene, 1,2‐dimethyl‐1‐cyclohexene, and α‐pinene have been studied in the presence of an OH radical scavenger, primarily using in situ atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (API‐MS), to investigate the products formed from the reactions of the thermalized Criegee intermediates in the presence of water vapor and 2‐butanol (1‐octene and trans ‐7‐tetradecene forming the same Criegee intermediate). With H 3 O + (H 2 O) n as the reagent ions, ion peaks at 149 u ([M + H] + ) were observed in the API‐MS analyses of the 1‐octene and trans ‐7‐tetradecene reactions, which show a neutral loss of 34 u (H 2 O 2 ) and are attributed to the α‐hydroxyhydroperoxide CH 3 (CH 2 ) 5 CH(OH)OOH, which must therefore have a lifetime with respect to decomposition of tens of minutes or more. No evidence for the presence of α‐hydroxyhydroperoxides was obtained in the 1,2‐dimethyl‐1‐cyclohexene or α‐pinene reactions, although the smaller yields of thermalized Criegee intermediates in these reactions makes observation of α‐hydroxyhydroperoxides from these reactions less likely than from the 1‐octene and trans ‐7‐tetradecene reactions. Quantifications of 2,7‐octanedione from the 1,2‐dimethyl‐1‐cyclohexene reactions and of pinonaldehyde from the α‐pinene reactions were made by gas chromatographic analyses during reactions with cyclohexane and with 2‐butanol as the OH radical scavenger. The measured yields of 2,7‐octanedione from 1,2‐dimethyl‐1‐cyclohexene and of pinonaldehyde from α‐pinene were 0.110 ± 0.020 and 0.164 ± 0.029, respectively, and were independent of the OH radical scavenger used. Reaction mechanisms are presented and discussed. © 2001 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 73–85, 2002
Molecular design and downstream processing of turoctocog alfa (NovoEight), a B-domain truncated factor VIII molecule (2016)

Turoctocog alfa (NovoEight) is a third-generation recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) with a truncated B-domain that is manufactured in Chinese hamster ovary cells. No human or animal-derived materials are used in the process. The aim of this study is to describe the molecular design and purification process for turoctocog alfa. A five-step purification process is applied to turoctocog alfa: protein capture on mixed-mode resin; immunoaffinity chromatography using a unique, recombinantly produced anti-FVIII mAb; anion exchange chromatography; nanofiltration and size exclusion chromatography. This process enabled reduction of impurities such as host cell proteins (HCPs) and high molecular weight proteins (HMWPs) to a very low level. The immunoaffinity step is very important for the removal of FVIII-related degradation products. Manufacturing scale data shown in this article confirmed the robustness of the purification process and a reliable and consistent reduction of the impurities. The contribution of each step to the final product purity is described and shown for three manufacturing batches. Turoctocog alfa, a third-generation B-domain truncated rFVIII product is manufactured in Chinese hamster ovary cells without the use of animal or human-derived proteins. The five-step purification process results in a homogenous, highly purified rFVIII product.
Characterization of molecular aggregates of peptide amphiphiles and kinetics of dynamic processes performed by single-walled vesicles (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of molecular aggregates of peptide amphiphiles and kinetics of dynamic processes performed by single-walled vesiclesYukito Murakami, Akio Nakano, Akira Yoshimatsu, Kunio Uchitomi, and Yoshihisa MatsudaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 12, 3613–3623Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00324a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00324a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of EIT system performance (2011)

An electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system images internal conductivity from surface electrical stimulation and measurement. Such systems necessarily comprise multiple design choices from cables and hardware design to calibration and image reconstruction. In order to compare EIT systems and study the consequences of changes in system performance, this paper describes a systematic approach to evaluate the performance of the EIT systems. The system to be tested is connected to a saline phantom in which calibrated contrasting test objects are systematically positioned using a position controller. A set of evaluation parameters are proposed which characterize (i) data and image noise, (ii) data accuracy, (iii) detectability of single contrasts and distinguishability of multiple contrasts, and (iv) accuracy of reconstructed image (amplitude, resolution, position and ringing). Using this approach, we evaluate three different EIT systems and illustrate the use of these tools to evaluate and compare performance. In order to facilitate the use of this approach, all details of the phantom, test objects and position controller design are made publicly available including the source code of the evaluation and reporting software.
Multiepoch Sky Surveys and the Lifetime of Quasars (2003)

We present a new method to measure the episodic lifetime of quasars with current and future large-scale sky surveys. Future photometric observations of large samples of confirmed quasars can provide a direct measurement (or interesting lower limit) to the lifetime of an individual episode of quasar activity (t_Q) and potentially enable the study of post-quasar host galaxies. Photometric observations of the quasars found by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and 2dF Survey could, with a time baseline of ten years, determine t_Q to within a factor of two if t_Q < 10^5 years, or set a lower limit to the quasar lifetime. Multiple-epoch, precise photometry with the proposed Large Synoptic Survey Telescope could test more complex models for quasar variability and mean quasar luminosity evolution. These observations could also constrain the rate that tidal disruptions of single stars produce quasar luminosities. It is possible to reverse the order of this investigation; previous-epoch plate material, such as the Digitized Sky Survey, can be used to determine if any of the SDSS quasars had not yet turned on at the time of these prior observations. Measurements of the entire SDSS quasar sample over the ~50 year baseline provided by these plates can potentially be used to estimate t_Q to within a factor of two if t_Q < 10^{5.5} years, provided quasar variability can be accurately characterized and the detection efficiency and photometric calibration of the plate material can be well determined. These measurements of t_Q will have comparable quality to existing, more indirect estimates of the quasar lifetime. Analysis of the 3814 quasars in the SDSS Early Data Release finds that t_Q must be larger than approximately 20,000 years.
Nanoporous Graphene Membranes for Efficient<sup>3</sup>He/<sup>4</sup>He Separation (2011)

Nanoporous functionalized graphene membranes containing nitrogen atoms in a nanosized ring pore have the capability to separate 3He from 4He efficiently by quantum tunneling through the pore. Calculations on size-reduced model systems of single-graphene pores reveal that a balanced choice of tunneling barrier height and low gas temperature boosts the selectivity and keeps the helium gas flux at an industrially exploitable level.
Neural network uncertainty assessment using Bayesian statistics with application to remote sensing: 1. Network weights (2004)

Neural network techniques have proved successful for many inversion problems in remote sensing; however, uncertainty estimates are rarely provided. This study has three parts. In this article, we present an approach to evaluate uncertainties (i.e., error bars and the correlation structure of these errors) of the neural network parameters, the so‐called “synaptic weights” on the basis of a Bayesian technique. In contrast to more traditional approaches based on “point estimation” of the neural network weights (i.e., only one set of weights is determined by the learning process), we assess uncertainties on such estimates to monitor the quality of the neural network model. Uncertainties of the network parameters are used in the following two papers to estimate uncertainties of the network output [ Aires et al. , 2004a ] and of the network Jacobians [ Aires et al. , 2004b ]. These new theoretical developments are illustrated by applying them to the problem of retrieving surface skin temperature, microwave surface emissivities, and integrated water vapor content from a combined analysis of microwave and infrared observations over land.
Ultrathin Planar Graphene Supercapacitors (2011)

With the advent of atomically thin and flat layers of conducting materials such as graphene, new designs for thin film energy storage devices with good performance have become possible. Here, we report an "in-plane" fabrication approach for ultrathin supercapacitors based on electrodes comprised of pristine graphene and multilayer reduced graphene oxide. The in-plane design is straightforward to implement and exploits efficiently the surface of each graphene layer for energy storage. The open architecture and the effect of graphene edges enable even the thinnest of devices, made from as grown 1-2 graphene layers, to reach specific capacities up to 80 μFcm(-2), while much higher (394 μFcm(-2)) specific capacities are observed multilayer reduced graphene oxide electrodes. The performances of devices with pristine as well as thicker graphene-based structures are examined using a combination of experiments and model calculations. The demonstrated all solid-state supercapacitors provide a prototype for a broad range of thin-film based energy storage devices.
WITA &#x2014; Application for wound analysis and management (2010)

Wound characterization is important task in chronic wounds treatment, because changes of the wound size and tissue types are indicators of the healing progress. Developed color image processing software analyze digital wound image and based on learned tissue samples performs tissue classification. Implemented statistical pattern recognition algorithm classifies individual pixels of the wound image based on color information. Classification parameters were learned from examples presented to the application during the learning process. Results of the analysis contain the wound image represented in pseudo colors as well as percentage of tissue types within the wound area. Accompanied database stores all relevant wound information. Stored information makes possible qualitative and quantitative tracking of wound healing process, which gives the clinician necessary information to evaluate and adjust used therapy.
Introduction to Express (2016)

Express is the middleware component of a Node application. Thus, the switching layer between the client and the back end is meant with its persistence functions. The core task is the routing.
Metal artifact reduction in computed tomography using local models in an image block‐iterative scheme (2012)

Metal artifact reduction with iterative reconstruction can be achieved by using complex models only locally without losing image quality. Separately updating metal regions leads to reduced streak artifacts. Structures lying close to or in between metals are often better reconstructed, compared to projection completion results, because all available information is used.
Role of Poly-Galacturonase Inhibiting Protein in Plant Defense (2006)

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) are plant proteins believed to play an important role in the defense against plant pathogen fungals. PGIPs are glycoproteins located in plant cell wall which reduce the hydrolytic activity of polygalacturonases (PGs), limit the growth of plant pathogens, and also elicit defense responses in plant. Furthermore, PGIPs belong to the super family of leucine reach repeat (LRR) proteins which also include the products of several plant resistance genes. Many of the studies show the PGIP properties, molecular characteristics, and PGIP gene expression induced by some elicitors. Some of the studies review individual PGIP gene expression in different signal transduction pathways. This article summarizes the properties, different signal transduction mechanisms, detecting methods, transgenic plants, and function of PGIP. It also presents PGIP gene expression in different stages of maturity, tissues, and varieties. The review especially reports the particular PGIP gene expression induced by different biotic and abiotic stresses, offers some questions, and prospects the future study, which are needed in order to develop efficient strategies for disease-resistant plants. They may be useful for genetic engineering to obtain transgenic plants with increased tolerance to fungal infection, which decrease the use of insecticide.
Introducing Discrete Frequency Infrared Technology for High-Throughput Biofluid Screening (2016)

Accurate early diagnosis is critical to patient survival, management and quality of life. Biofluids are key to early diagnosis due to their ease of collection and intimate involvement in human function. Large-scale mid-IR imaging of dried fluid deposits offers a high-throughput molecular analysis paradigm for the biomedical laboratory. The exciting advent of tuneable quantum cascade lasers allows for the collection of discrete frequency infrared data enabling clinically relevant timescales. By scanning targeted frequencies spectral quality, reproducibility and diagnostic potential can be maintained while significantly reducing acquisition time and processing requirements, sampling 16 serum spots with 0.6, 5.1 and 15% relative standard deviation (RSD) for 199, 14 and 9 discrete frequencies respectively. We use this reproducible methodology to show proof of concept rapid diagnostics; 40 unique dried liquid biopsies from brain, breast, lung and skin cancer patients were classified in 2.4 cumulative seconds against 10 non-cancer controls with accuracies of up to 90%.
Camphanic Acid Chloride: A Powerful Derivatization Reagent for Stereoisomeric Separation and its DMPK Applications (2015)

Four methodologies described herein for separation of multiple stereoisomers in biological samples confirm camphanic acid chloride to be a powerful chiral reagent for stereoisomeric resolution for drug metabolism and PK applications.
Imprecise Computations with Deferred Optional Tasks (2009)

The imprecise computation model is an extension of the traditional real-time processing model. In this model, each imprecise task is logically divided into two portions: a mandatory portion and an optional portion. Since the optional portions of imprecise tasks can be traded for their deadlines and/or the required quality of service (QoS), the resulting quality of executing tasks in this model can be controlled by different strategies of the scheduling algorithms. In this paper, we present two significant results pertaining to on-line scheduling problems in the model of imprecise computation obeying Deferred Optional Tasks (DOT) scheduling discipline. The first significant result presented is, to the best of our knowledge, the very first proof of NP-hardness property for the problem of on-line, imprecise DOT scheduling without preemption (DOTwoP). And the second one is that we propose an O(n log 2 n) algorithm to solve the problem of on-line, imprecise DOT scheduling with preemption (DOTwP) when tasks are ready upon arrival.
State of the art of hybrid excitation permanent magnet synchronous machines (2010)

The hybrid excitation permanent magnet machine (HEPMM) combines two kinds of excitation: permanent magnet (PM) and electrical excitation, so it possesses the advantages of PM machines and overcomes the incapability of regulating the excitation field. By now many HEPMM schemes have been presented. In this paper the operation principle, structure, advantages and disadvantages of these HEPMMs have been reviewed and compared in detail. These HEPMMs are classified into three types by new classification method — placement of PM and iron poles. At last novel harmonic excitation HEPMM is proposed and discussed.
CD8/CD38 activation yields important clinical information of effective antiretroviral therapy: Findings from the first year of the CIPRA-SA cohort (2008)

This single-tube 4-color PLG-CD4 + CD8/38 activation assay (CD4/CD45/CD8/CD38), can replace the conventional 4-color CD4 protocols by substituting the redundant CD3 reagent with the informative CD38 antibody. This modification carries virtually no extra costs, while adding extra value to CD4 monitoring and enabling real-time, practical management of patients on ART. As a result, the numbers of VL tests required in patients on ART can be reduced-to save costs across our national treatment program which is already equipped with the necessary flow-cytometric screening capacity.
Auditory Frequency Discrimination in Marbled Sole Pleuronectes yokohamae. (2000)

周波数が1オクターブ異なる二つの純音を0.2秒間隔で組み合わせた刺激音と電気刺激を用いて条件付けを行った。基本周波数(F1)に対して変換周波数(F2)を変化させた時の心拍抑制反応からマコガレイの周波数弁別能力について調べた。マコガレイは周波数100∿300Hzにおいて周波数弁別ができ, 周波数弁別閾((|F2-F1|F1)×100(%))は100∿200Hzでは基本周波数の約30%, 300Hzでは基本周波数の約35%となった。しかし, 400Hz以上の周波数では弁別不能であることが示唆された。
CCX.—The laws of aromatic substitution. Part VIII (1928)

B. Flürscheim and E. L. Holmes, J. Chem. Soc., 1928, 1607 DOI: 10.1039/JR9280001607
Evaluation of single cell electrical parameters from bioimpedance of a cell suspension (2014)

The present study introduces a simple and detailed analysis technique to extract the electrical properties of a single cell from impedance spectroscopy data from a group of cells in suspension, leading to a more reliable and cost effective diagnosis process for disease detection.
Synthetic soil conditioners: New synthetic organic materials under study for their effectiveness when added to certain California soils (1952)

The following article is a condensation of a more detailed report on the subject of synthetic soil conditioners which is available without cost by addressing the Office of Agricultural Publications, 22 Gannini Hall, University of California, Berkeley 4, California.
The Chemistry of 3-Oxoalkanenitriles (1984)

Revue des methodes de preparation, des etudes structurales et de la reactivite des oxo-3 alcanenitriles. Ces composes sont des intermediaires importants pour la synthese d'une variete de systemes heterocycliques difficilement accessibles par d'autres methodes
Conversion to Monotherapy with Eslicarbazepine Acetate in Adults with Partial-Onset Seizures - Results of a North-American Study (P3.242) (2014)

OBJECTIVE Investigate the safety and efficacy of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) as monotherapy in North American patients with partial-onset seizures (POS). BACKGROUND ESL is a novel once-daily (QD) anticonvulsant, extensively converted after oral administration to eslicarbazepine, which blocks voltage-gated sodium- and calcium-channels. DESIGN/METHODS In this multicenter, double-blind, historical control study, adult patients treated with 1-2 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and 蠅4 POS in the 8 wks before screening and no 4-wk seizure-free period, were randomized 2:1 to ESL 1600/1200mg QD [2-wk titration; 6-wk monotherapy conversion (other AEDs withdrawn); 10-wk monotherapy]. Primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects meeting any of 5 exit criteria (i.e. worsening seizure control) at wk 16. Treatment was considered effective if the upper limit (UL) of the 95% CI for exit rate (Kaplan-Meier estimate) was lower than the lower limit of the pre-specified prediction interval (65.3%), based on historical controls. RESULTS Sixty-five subjects (mean age 38.7 yrs; 47.7% male) for ESL 1200mg and 128 (mean age 39.9 yrs; 47.7% male) for ESL 1600mg received double-blind treatment; 60 and 118 subjects entered the conversion phase, respectively. At baseline, maximum 2-day seizure rates (mean±SD) were 3.7±2.8 (ESL 1200mg) and 3.8±2.4 (ESL 1600mg); mean maximum 28-day seizure rates were 12.1±8.3 and 13.8±9.1, respectively. The difference between exit rates for ESL 1200mg (44.4% [95% CI 32.5-58.3]) and ESL 1600mg (28.7% [21.2-38.1]) was not significant (p=0.07). Exit rates were similar for subjects with or without carbamazepine use. ESL monotherapy was superior to historical controls (for both doses, UL of 95% CI <65.3%). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were: dizziness; headache; fatigue; somnolence; nausea; nasopharyngitis (蠅10% of subjects). 12.3% (ESL 1200mg) and 18.0% (ESL 1600mg) of subjects discontinued due to TEAEs. CONCLUSIONS During conversion to monotherapy in North American adults with POS, ESL was well-tolerated and was superior to historical controls. Study sponsored by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.