gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chondrocyte phenotype and cell survival are regulated by culture conditions and by specific cytokines through the expression of Sox‐9 transcription factor (2001)

The results suggest that the effects of cartilage anabolic and catabolic cytokines IGF-1 and IL-1alpha on the expression of the chondrocyte phenotype are mediated by Sox-9. As Sox-9 appears to be essential for matrix production, the potent effect of IL-1alpha in suppressing Sox-9 expression may limit the ability of cartilage to repair during inflammatory joint diseases.
Biallelic deletion within 16p13.13 including <i>SOCS‐1</i> in Karpas1106P mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma line is associated with delayed degradation of JAK2 protein (2005)

Activity of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) in the JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway is critically controlled by suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1). We have previously shown that SOCS-1 is biallelically mutated in the primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) cell line MedB-1, resulting in impaired JAK2 degradation and sustained phospho-JAK2 action. SOCS-1 is frequently mutated in PMBL tumor primaries. Here, we report that the PMBL cell line Karpas1106P has a biallelic deletion of the SOCS-1 region on chromosome 16p13.13. By fluorescence in situ hybridization and microsatellite analysis, this deletion was narrowed down to a range of 650 kb to 1.48 Mb. Like MedB-1, Karpas1106P harbors gains of the JAK2 gene on chromosomal region 9p24 and elevated levels of JAK2 mRNA. Nevertheless, JAK2 protein was not increased but constitutively phosphorylated in Karpas1106P cells. In analogy to MedB-1 cells, Karpas1106P cells exhibited a retarded degradation of de novo synthesized JAK2 protein revealed by pulse/chase experiments. Therefore, we conclude that loss of SOCS-1 function either by mutation or by the complete deletion of the gene plays an important role in the dysregulation of JAK/STAT signaling in Karpas1106P and PMBL.
Hydrogenation of fluoroarenes: Direct access to all- <i>cis</i> -(multi)fluorinated cycloalkanes (2017)

All-c<i>is</i>-multifluorinated cycloalkanes exhibit intriguing electronic properties. In particular, they display extremely high dipole moments perpendicular to the aliphatic ring, making them highly desired motifs in material science. Very few such motifs have been prepared, as their syntheses require multistep sequences from diastereoselectively prefunctionalized precursors. Herein we report a synthetic strategy to access these valuable materials via the rhodium-cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC)-catalyzed hydrogenation of readily available fluorinated arenes in hexane. This route enables the scalable single-step preparation of an abundance of multisubstituted and multifluorinated cycloalkanes, including all-<i>cis</i>-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane as well as cis-configured fluorinated aliphatic heterocycles.
Defect level prediction for newly designed Printed Circuit Board Assemblies (2009)

In this paper a new defect level prediction tool is presented, which is intended for newly designed printed circuit board assemblies, especially for the PCBAs (printed circuit board assembly) determined for automotive industry. The tool is programmed in Visual Basic for Application (VBA) and can be operated in MS Excel environment. On the one hand, the defect level prediction tool results from the parts stress analysis prediction technique, but on the other, it results also from a defect level prediction model of PCBA manufacturing processes, which was created on the basis of empirical data coming from automotive electronics industry. The tool provides a prognosis in defects per million parts produced (dpm), which PCBA will reach in the field (field quality) and at delivery (delivery quality). A significant advantage of this tool lies in its feature, which allows the user to change test parameters and processes in order to fulfil customer requirements. The tool also provides a possibility to estimate first pass yield (FPY) of manufacturing lines.
Aspects of scarring (1994)

Early intervention is crucial in treating acne, says Colin Clark
Inter- and Intra-Primary-Particle Structure of Monolithic Carbon Aerogels Obtained with Varying Solvents (2008)

Different carbon aerogels were obtained by carbonization of organic aerogels prepared from the polymerization of resorcinol and formaldehyde using potassium carbonate as catalyst. Various solvents were added to the initial mixture to study their effects on the inter- and intra-primary-particle structure of the carbon aerogels. To carry out this study, various techniques were used, including high-resolution transmission and scanning electron microscopy, mercury porosimetry, mechanical tests, N2 and CO2 adsorption at -196 and 0 degrees C, respectively, and immersion calorimetry into benzene. Variation of the solvent used produced changes in the gelation time of the organic aerogels, which gave rise to variations in the inter- and intra-primary-particle structure of the carbon aerogels obtained. The monolith density of the carbon aerogels ranged from 0.37 to 0.87 g/cm3. Samples with a density higher than 0.61 g/cm3 had micropores and mesopores but no macropores. Macro- and mesoporosity had a monomodal pore size distribution. The elastic modulus showed a scaling relationship with density. In all samples studied, which had a mean micropore width of 0.62-1.06 nm, the surface area obtained by enthalpy of immersion into benzene yielded a realistic value of their total surface area.
Selective killing of leucocytes by freezing: potential for reducing the immunogenicity of pancreatic islets. (1987)

Recent developments in transplantation immunobiology, concerning the mechanism of tissue rejection, clearly indicate that antigen recognition alone is not sufficient for lymphocyte activation. "Passenger" leucocytes (antigen presenting cells) carried in the donor tissue are now recognized as the major immunogenic stimulus, such that removal of these contaminating leucocytes, using a variety of procedures, has enabled the immunogenicity of allografts to be reduced and the survival of the graft to be significantly extended. Remarkable advances have been made in recent years in preventing rejection of islet allografts, and even xenografts, in experimental animals by using procedures which do not involve continuous immunosuppressive therapy. Cryopreservation offers not only the means by which donor tissue can be stored effectively during such procedures but also the possibility that, under appropriate conditions, the freezing and thawing process itself could modulate tissue immunogenicity by allowing the selective killing of immunocompetent leucocytes whilst preserving the function of parenchymal cells in the graft. In this preliminary study we have characterized the survival of leucocytes and islets from the same species (rat) after cryopreservation by the same technique using dimethyl sulphoxide (Me2SO) as the cryoprotectant. Optimum survival of rat lymphocytes and macrophages was found at cooling rates in the range of 0.3-5 degrees C/min, after cooling at rates greater than 75 degrees C/min, survival was reduced to a negligible level. On the other hand, recovery of islets was 73 +/- 9% at 75 degrees C/min, indicating that depletion of lymphoid cells, with satisfactory preservation of endocrine cells, should be obtainable at this cooling rate.
Anwendung und Grenzen magnetischer Methoden in der Radikalchemie (1966)

Abstract Anwendung und Grenzen magnetischer Methoden auf Probleme der Radikalchemie (Nachweis des Radikalzustandes, seine quantitative Erfassung, Zusammenhänge zwischen Konstitution und Radikalbildung, „Verteilung”︁ des Einzelelektrons, Nachweis mesomerer C,O,N,P,As,Sn‐Radikale, g‐Faktoren, Triplettzustände und Hyperfeinstruktur) werden beschrieben. Die Problematik der Biradikale wird aufgezeigt. Eine Diskussion des „Selwood‐Effektes”︁ beschließt die Arbeit.
Laboratory Study of Fish Passage and Discharge Capacity in Slip-Lined, Baffled Culverts (2012)

Culvert rehabilitation is a cost-effective alternative to culvert replacement for many applications where the culvert has reached the end of its useful life. When a profile-walled existing (host) culvert is relined with a smooth-walled pipe, the culvert flow velocities typically increase, the corresponding flow depths decrease, and the resulting flow conditions can create a potential barrier to fish passage. In an effort to provide some baseline data for fish passage through baffled culvert liners, fish passage behaviors of wild brown trout through prototype-scale 0.61-m-diameter, 18-m-long smooth-walled baffled and nonbaffled culverts were observed in the laboratory under a variety of culvert slopes and discharges. The baffles significantly increased the range of culvert slopes and discharges over which the fish could successfully pass. The baffled culvert hydraulic roughness coefficient (Manning’s n) increased 274% (approximately equivalent to corrugated metal pipe values) relative to the nonbaffled culvert.
Fluorescence stopped-flow study of the interaction of tubulin with the antimitotic drug MDL 27048 (1992)

The kinetics of the binding of MDL 27048 to tubulin have been studied by fluorescence stopped flow. The binding is accompanied by a fluorescence increase. The time course can be described by a sum of two exponentials, assumed to be due to the presence of two major tubulin isoforms. The observed rate constants depend in a nonlinear way on the concentration of MDL in pseudo-first-order conditions. This concentration dependence can be described by the presence of a fast equilibrium of low affinity, followed by an isomerization of the initial complex. The dissociation kinetics have been studied by displacement experiments, in which MTC was used as a competitive ligand. The reaction enthalpy change for the first binding equilibrium and the activation energies for the forward and reverse steps of the isomerization were determined from the temperature dependence. This was possible for the two tubulin isotype populations. The kinetics of the binding of MDL to tubulin are slowed down in the presence of 3',4',5'-trimethoxyacetophenone, a fast binding analog of the colchicine A-ring, but are not influenced by the binding of tropolone methyl ether, indicating that the binding site of MDL has the A-subsite in common with colchicine, but not the C-subsite.
Noninvasive Solution for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Metallic Works of Art (2011)

Metallic works of art of cultural relevance are continuously subjected to corrosion as the environment becomes increasingly polluted. A fast and simple method to in situ assess the conservation conditions is therefore required. This paper describes the development and performance of dry and gel-based electrodes which can be used to assess the surface conservation state without the need to move the artifacts and which do not cause any damage to them. The electrodes can be used with a portable electrochemical impedance spectroscopy system, without employing electrochemical cells. The proposed solution does not provide all the information that one can obtain using an electrochemical cell, but it can discriminate between protective coatings. It can be used to assess the protective capability of corrosion product layers and natural patinas, and it can therefore enable a noninvasive routine surface assessment to be conducted that could be extremely useful for people working in the field of conservation of cultural heritage.
Electrochemical Promotion by Sodium of the Rhodium-Catalyzed Reduction of NO by Propene:  Kinetics and Spectroscopy (2001)

The catalytic performance of rhodium thin films in contact with the solid electrolyte Νa β‘‘-alumina can be greatly enhanced by electrochemical promotion. In the reduction of NO by propene, increases in overall activity by a factor of 2.4 can be achieved accompanied by a gain in nitrogen selectivity from 45% to 82%. These improvements are most pronounced under reducing conditions and are unaffected by deliberate addition of CO2. XPS data show that the effect is due to reversible transport of Na between the solid electrolyte and the metal film catalyst whose potential, measured with respect to a reference electrode, determines the sodium coverage. Catalytic promotion is due to the Na-induced dissociation of NO, the key reaction-initiating step. Under reaction conditions, the sodium is present as carbonate, some of which is in the form of 3D crystallites. Comparison with corresponding data obtained with conventional dispersed Rh/γ-alumina catalysts shows that Na promotion of the latter is due to the effect of alkali on the surface chemistry of the metal component; effects on the support must be negligible.
Rotating compensator spectroscopic ellipsometry (RCSE) and its application to high-k dielectric film HfO 2 (2000)

High-k gate dielectric films with equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 3 nm or less are becoming the main theme of research and development in ultra-large-scale integrated circuits industry with device dimensions scaled down to less than 130 nm. Among the high-k gate dielectric materials hafnium dioxide (HfO<SUB>2</SUB>) is very promising with its high dielectric constant (approximately 30) and stability in contact with Si. The samples were prepared with a DC magnetron-reactive sputtering method and subsequently annealed in the furnace with a temperature range of 500- 850 degree(s)C. The thickness of the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> varied from 3.5- 18nm with a hafnium silicate interface layer of approximately 1 nm. The electrical measurement showed that the breakdown voltage is inversely proportional to the physical thickness, suggesting the breakdown process occur at the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film rather than in the interface layer. To measure the physical thickness of hafnium dioxide and hafnium silicate interface simultaneously, a research grade bench top rotating compensator spectroscopic ellipsometry (RCSE) in the wavelength range of 195-915 nm was used. The dispersion of HfO<SUB>2</SUB> film was characterized with a two-peak critical point (CP) model and the dispersion of the interface layer of hafnium silicate was characterized with a five-peak CP model. An interface layer thickness of 0.7-2 nm was found for all hafnium dioxide films on Si, depending on the process conditions such as annealing temperature and oxygen flow rate. The same wafers measured by RCSE were later studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thickness of hafnium dioxide and hafnium silicate determined by TEM is in good agreement with the noninvasive RCSE method.
50 TB Data Warehouse Benchmark on IBM System Z (2009)

Customers have a strong interest in the scalability of data warehousing solutions on the IBM System z platform using DB2 for z/OS. Because BI environments continue to grow, this IBM Redbooks publication explores the scaling and management of data in sizes beyond 50 TB. We explore the architectural software components that enable us to manage a data warehouse of this magnitude, including the Cognos product set. The objective of our 50 TB study was to test System z scalability in a BI environment and to develop the best practices of managing large data warehouses. The IBM System z was proven to scale to larger volumes, manage a mixed workload, lower the cost of a BI solution using zIIPs, and increase performance by using hardware compression.
The adverse impact of flight management systems on long range international airline operations (2002)

United Airlines began using Flight Management Systems (FMS) in 1982. The FMS-equipped aircraft operated initially in the domestic environment. Eventually, FMS-equipped aircraft operated on very long segments, such as Los Angeles to Hong Kong, which often required operation of the aircraft at multiple limits such as maximum takeoff weight, maximum fuel capacity, and/or specified fuel reserves. These limits are not fully considered by the current generation FMS in attempting to optimize the speed schedule. Software enhancements to this speed schedule logic could bring economic benefits to airlines flying these operationally challenging flights.
Interactions between membrane proteins (2000)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jeong-Man Park; Interactions between membrane proteins. AIP Conf. Proc. 22 June 2000; 519 (1): 398–404. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1291595 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Effects of 12-Week<i>Bacopa monnieri</i>Consumption on Attention, Cognitive Processing, Working Memory, and Functions of Both Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Systems in Healthy Elderly Volunteers (2012)

At present, the scientific evidence concerning the effect of Bacopa monnieri on brain activity together with working memory is less available. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of B. monnieri on attention, cognitive processing, working memory, and cholinergic and monoaminergic functions in healthy elderly. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design was utilized. Sixty healthy elderly subjects (mean age 62.62 years; SD 6.46), consisting of 23 males and 37 females, received either a standardized extract of B. monnieri (300 and 600 mg) or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. The cholinergic and monoaminergic systems functions were determined using AChE and MAO activities. Working memory was assessed using percent accuracy and reaction time of various memory tests as indices, whereas attention and cognitive processing were assessed using latencies and amplitude of N100 and P300 components of event-related potential. All assessments were performed before treatment, every four weeks throughout study period, and at four weeks after the cessation of intervention. B. monnieri-treated group showed improved working memory together with a decrease in both N100 and P300 latencies. The suppression of plasma AChE activity was also observed. These results suggest that B. monnieri can improve attention, cognitive processing, and working memory partly via the suppression of AChE activity.
Linkage and association of adrenergic and dopamine receptor genes in the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 5 with systolic blood pressure variation (1998)

Elevated blood pressure is an important risk factor for renal-, cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases. We used an efficient discordant sib-pair ascertainment scheme to investigate the impact of the distal end of the long arm of human chromosome 5 (chromosomal region 5q31.1-qter) containing genes for the alpha1B and beta2 adrenergic receptors and the dopamine receptor type 1A on variation of systolic blood pressure in young Caucasians. We measured eight highly polymorphic markers spanning this positional candidate gene-rich region in 427 individuals from 55 three-generation pedigrees containing 69 discordant sibling pairs, and calculated multipoint identity by descent (MIBD) probabilities. The results of genetic linkage and association tests indicate that the region between markers D5S2093 and D5S462 is significantly linked to one or more polymorphic genes influencing interindividual variation in systolic blood pressure levels. Since the alpha1B adrenergic receptor and dopamine receptor type 1A genes are located close to these markers, these data suggest that genetic variation in one or both of these G protein-coupled receptors, which participate in the control of vascular tone, plays an important role in influencing interindividual variation in systolic blood pressure levels.
Mathematical Modeling of Deposition of Carbonaceous Material from Heavy Hydrocarbon Vapors (2005)

A two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to predict the deposit formation from hydrocarbon vapour products in a straight tube with either constant and uniform wall heat flux or constant and uniform outside wall temperature, assuming physical condensation as the mechanism. A single condensable pseudo-component is modelled to transport, condense and form the deposit layer on the wall. Two cases corresponding to different physical situations are simulated. In the first case the model was used to simulate deposition results in a long tube downstream of a bitumen coking reactor. Experimental results of effects on deposition of vapour temperature, addition of secondary steam, and vapour residence time or vapour velocity compared favourably with model calculations. The second case modelled a single transfer line exchanger (TLE) tube, which is characterized by highly turbulent flow. The temperature profiles of quenched vapour and tube skin, vapour pressure drop, and the thickness of the deposit layer are predicted.
Fault detection and management system for fault tolerant switched reluctance motor drives (2003)

The unique characteristics that promote the switched reluctance motor (SRM) for fault tolerance capability, i.e. its ability to continue operation despite faulted motor windings or inverter circuitry, are discussed. It is shown that the magnetic independence of the motor phases and the circuit independence of the inverter phases permit the SRM drive to continue operation with one or more phases disabled. Winding fault detectors indicate the existence of faulted motor windings, and control circuitry acts to block the gating signals to the semiconductor power switches of the affected phase, thus removing excitation from the faulted winding and halting damaging effects that can result from the continued excitation of a faulted winding. The drive an continue operation without the faulted phase.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The immune response of Atlantic salmon, <i>Salmo salar</i> L., to the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> (1981)

Abstract. Both under‐yearling and post‐yearling Atlantic salmon parr produced high agglutinating antibody titres in response to a single intraperitoneal injection of killed bacterial kidney disease (BKD) cells emulsified in. Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), Low or no response was observed in animals injected with BKD cells in saline or in animals vaccinated by hyperosmotic immersion. Immunological duration was insufficient in fish vaccinated as under‐yearling parr to provide protective immunity 2 years later when the fish had become smolts. Atlantic salmon post‐yearling parr injected with BKD cells in FCA demonstrated a reduced prevalence of BKD lesions compared to control animals when both were observed as smolts 1 year after vaccination.
Quantum Sensing with Squeezed Light (2019)

The minimum resolvable signal in sensing and metrology platforms that rely on optical readout fields is increasingly constrained by the standard quantum limit, which is determined by the sum of photon shot noise and back-action noise. A combination of back-action and shot noise reduction techniques will be critical to the development of the next generation of sensors for applications ranging from high-energy physics to biochemistry and for novel microscopy platforms capable of resolving material properties that were previously obscured by quantum noise. This Perspective reviews the dramatic advances made in the use of squeezed light for sub-shot-noise quantum sensing in recent years and highlights emerging applications that enable new science based on signals that would otherwise be obscured by noise at the standard quantum limit.