gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nor-Seco-Cucurbit[10]uril Exhibits Homotropic Allosterism (2006)

The condensation of glycoluril and formaldehyde in concentrated HCl at 50 degrees C delivers nor-seco-cucurbit[10]uril (ns-CB [10]). 1H NMR and X-ray crystallographic evidence indicates that the two cavities of ns-CB[10] accommodate guests that are typically bound within CB[6] or CB[7]. Several interesting types of selectivity are possible within these ternary complexes-top/center isomerism, diastereoselective complexation of chiral (but racemic) guest pairs, and guest size controlled homotropic allosterism.
Variable-speed inverter-fed synchronous motor employing natural commutation (1978)

A drive system is described which uses two conventional thyristor convertors to provide a d.c. link between a.c. mains and the varying-frequency voltages of a synchronous-machine stator, both convertors being naturally commutated by line voltages; the result is a variable-speed drive. The paper describes a detailed analysis of machine behaviour in the absence of saturation, but taking account of winding resistances. This analysis is used to investigate the effects of assumptions made in deriving a simple analysis, which takes account of magnetic saturation. The validity of the simple analysis is demonstrated by comparison with results obtained from tests on a practical drive system.
A General, Scalable, Organocatalytic Nitro-Michael Addition to Enones: Enantioselective Access to All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters (2015)

A tert-leucine-derived chiral diamine catalyzes the asymmetric Michael addition of nitromethane to five-, six-, and seven-membered β-substituted cyclic enones with excellent enantioselectivity, offering scalable, asymmetric access to all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. The reaction scope can be expanded to include linear acyclic enones, and excellent levels of enantioselectivity are also observed. Furthermore, this organocatalytic, asymmetric nitro-Michael reaction is amenable to multigram scale-up and applications in the construction of an eudesmane sesquiterpenoid skeleton.
Antibody Monitoring System을 이용한 공여자 특이 HLA 항체 검출 (2006)

Purpose: The antibody monitoring system (AMS, GTI Inc.) is a solid phase ELISA crossmatch test for the detection of IgG antibody to the donor-specific solubilized HLA class I and class II antigens. The objective of this study was to compare the results of AMS assay with donor specific anti-HLA IgG antibodies (DS-HLA Abs), as determined by ELISA-PRA and flowcytometric crossmatch test (FCXM). Methods: A total of 132 sera were tested for the presence of DS-HLA Abs by ELISA-EIA, FCXM and AMS assay. Results: DS-HLA Abs were determined in 41 serum samples by an ELISA-PRA panel and FCXM. There was a significant degree of concordance (84.8%) between the results from the FCXM and AMS (P＜0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of AMS assay to detect DS-HLA Abs was 90.2%, 93.4%, 86.0%, 95.5%, respectively. The AMS is a simple, objective test and it has several advantages over the cell-based crossmatch test such as elimination of non-HLA antibody reactivity, elimination of the non-donor specific antibody reactivity, no need for viable cells, and the donor`s HLA antigens can be prepared in advance. Conclusion: This study suggests that AMS may be useful as a supportive crossmatch test or as a monitoring test after transplantation for detecting class I and/or class II DS-HLA Abs. (J Korean Soc Transplant 2006;20:63-68)
BMP-7 fails to attenuate TGF- 1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human proximal tubule epithelial cells (2008)

In the present study, despite confirming BMP-7 regulation of receptor expression and induction of downstream signalling events, we were unable to demonstrate BMP-7 inhibition of EMT in either primary or immortalized human proximal tubule cells. Moreover, we were unable to demonstrate BMP-7-stimulated MET in rat renal fibroblasts. A protective effect was however observed at an elevated BMP-7 concentration in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells.
Hospitalization in older patients due to adverse drug reactions&nbsp;&ndash; the need for a prediction tool (2016)

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent a major burden on society, resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Older patients living in the community are particularly susceptible to ADRs, and are at an increased risk of ADR-related hospitalization. This review summarizes the available evidence on ADR-related hospital admission in older patients living in the community, with a particular focus on risk factors for ADRs leading to hospital admission and the need for a prediction tool for risk of ADR-related hospitalization in these individuals. The reported proportion of hospital admissions due to ADRs has ranged from 6% to 12% of all admissions in older patients. The main risk factors or predictors for ADR-related admissions were advanced age, polypharmacy, comorbidity, and potentially inappropriate medications. There is a clear need to design intervention strategies to prevent ADR-related hospitalization in older patients. To ensure the cost-effectiveness of such strategies, it would be necessary to target them to those older individuals who are at highest risk of ADR-related hospitalization. Currently, there are no validated tools to assess the risk of ADRs in primary care. There is a clear need to investigate the utility of tools to identify high-risk patients to target appropriate interventions toward prevention of ADR-related hospital admissions.
Detection of CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> Using a Hydrogel Swelling Microcantilever Sensor (2003)

Hydrogels containing various mounts of tetraalkylammonium salts were used to modify microcantilevers for measurements of the concentration of CrO4(2-) in aqueous solutions. These microcantilevers undergo bending deflection upon exposure to solutions containing various CrO4(2-) concentrations as a result of swelling or shrinking of the hydrogels. The microcantilever deflection as a function of the concentration of CrO4(2-) ions is nearly linear in most concentration ranges. It was found that a concentration of 10(-11) M CrO4(2-) can be detected using this technology in a fluid cell. Other ions, such as Br-, HPO4(2-), and NO3-, have minimal effect on the deflection of this cantilever. The anions SO4(2-) and CO3(2-) could interfere with the CrO4(2-) detection, but only at high concentrations (> 10(-5) M). Such hydrogel-coated microcantilevers could potentially be used to prepare microcantilever-based chemical and biological sensors when molecular recognition agents are immobilized in the hydrogel.
Analysis and application of cleaning tool structure in negative pressure reverse circulating wellbore (2014)

Sediments frequently appear at the bottom of oil and gas wells in the bottom of carbonate rocks during completion or production, seriously affecting the productivity. In order to solve the wellbore cleaning problem, this article applies the Bernoulli equation theory method, the finite element method based on the standard turbulence model and the laboratory test to verify a kind of negative pressure wellbore cleaning tool which can establish local reverse circulation under the action of high-pressure water jet and salvage the bottom debris. Through the numerical analysis of the cleaning tool structure, it is found that the wall face diameter is at least two times of the nozzle hole diameter to effectively play the cleaning tool performance. If the total area of nozzle outlet is 48π mm 2 , the cleaning tool fishing capacity of six nozzle structures is improved the most. The analysis of the adaptability of the cleaning tool shows that the cleaning tool with an outer diameter of 104 mm is most suitable for the casing shaft with an inner diameter of 127.3 mm. The cleaning tool was applied to the field operation and successfully cleaned the wellbore, effectively increasing the wellbore productivity.
Oligo-guanosine nucleotide induces neuropilin-1 internalization in endothelial cells and inhibits angiogenesis (2010)

Ligand interaction with cognate cell-surface receptor often promotes receptor internalization, protecting cells from prolonged or excessive signaling from extracellular ligands. Compounds that induce internalization of surface receptors prevent ligand binding to cognate cell-surface receptors serving as inhibitors. Here, we show that synthetic polyriboguanosine (poly G) and oligo-deoxyriboguanosine (oligo G) reduce endothelial levels of surface neuropilin-1 (NRP1), a receptor shared by semaphorin 3A and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays critical roles in angiogenesis. Oligo G also reduces levels of cell-surface scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells I (SREC-I), but not levels of NRP2, gp130, CD31, VEGFR-1, or VEGFR-2. Poly or oligo A, T, and C do not promote NRP1 or SREC-I internalization. We find that oligo G binds to NRP1 with high affinity (Kd:1.3 ± 0.16 nM), bridges the extracellular domain of NRP1 to that of SREC-I, and induces coordinate internalization of NRP1 and SREC-I. In vitro, oligo G blocks the binding and function of VEGF(165) in endothelial cells. In vivo, intravitreal administration of oligo G reduces choroidal neovascularization in mice. These results demonstrate that synthetic oligo G is an inhibitor of pathologic angiogenesis that reduces cell-surface levels and function of NRP1 acting as an internalization inducer.
Atomic clock using coherent population trapping in a cesium cell: frequency stability and limitations (2016)

International audience
Designing resonators with large mode volume and high mode discrimination (1996)

We present a new approach for the calculation of resonator mirror shapes based on a simulated annealing optimization algorithm. Compared with the possibilities of conventional resonators with spherical mirrors, the method presented permits a large mode volume of the stationary field distribution of the oscillating lowestloss mode and an increase in its loss discrimination against the remaining ensemble of other modes at the same time. We present results for circular symmetric graded-phase mirrors that yield a difference of 30% between the diffraction losses of the fundamental mode and of other evaluated higher modes.
A pso-based mobile robot for odor source localization in dynamic advection-diffusion with obstacles environment: theory, simulation and measurement (2007)

This paper provides a combination of chemotaxic and anemotaxic modeling, known as odor-gated rheotaxis (OGR), to solve real-world odor source localization problems. Throughout the history of trying to mathematically localize an odor source, two common biometric approaches have been used. The first approach, chemotaxis, describes how particles flow according to local concentration gradients within an odor plume. Chemotaxis is the basis for many algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO). The second approach is anemotaxis, which measures the direction and velocity of a fluid flow, thus navigating "upstream" within a plume to localize its source. Although both chemotaxic and anemotaxic based algorithms are capable of solving overly-simplified odor localization problems, such as dynamic-bit-matching or moving-parabola problems, neither method by itself is adequate to accurately address real life scenarios. In the real world, odor distribution is multi-peaked due to obstacles in the environment. However, by combining the two approaches within a modified PSO-based algorithm, odors within an obstacle-filled environment can be localized and dynamic advection-diffusion problems can be solved. Thus, robots containing this modified particle swarm optimization algorithm (MPSO) can accurately trace an odor to its source
ADDITION REACTIONS OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTADDITION REACTIONS OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENED. D. COFFMAN, M. S. RAASCH, G. W. RIGBY, P. L. BARRICK, and W. E. HANFORDCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1949, 14, 5, 747–753Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01157a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01157a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views651Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An analysis on computation of longest common subsequence algorithm (2017)

There are many algorithms for computing the longest common subsequence, which are especially used in comparing files, text, comparison of DNA and protein sequences. In this paper we had done comparison among various algorithms which works on two or more strings. In our second approach we had done comparison of algorithms which is able to work on thousands of strings. As per the latest condition there are very few algorithm which works on multiple strings. The spotlight is on development of algorithm which is space efficient and reduced time complexity. In conclusion of the work we put the new proposals for the development of new algorithms for more strings.
Highly efficient InGaN MQW LEDs grown on 200 mm Si substrates (2014)

We demonstrate InGaN MQW LEDs on Si substrates have both high performance and low cost structure. The blue LED structures were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition via unique buffer layers on 200 mm-diameter Si (111) substrates. The epitaxial wafers had slightly ex-situ convex bow without micro-cracks. Median and standard deviation of dominant wavelength by photoluminescence measurement were 448.9 nm and 2.0 nm within 4 mm edge exclusion, respectively. XRC FWHMs of GaN (0002) and GaN (10-12) were 341 arcsec and 388 arcsec, respectively, corresponding to be estimated to edge dislocation density of 2.0 × 10<sup>9</sup> /cm<sup>2</sup>. The blue LED structures were fabricated by legacy 8-inch (200-mm) Si device equipment without remodeling, because no particular thicker Si wafer was needed for our LED epitaxial growth. Encapsulated blue lamps were fabricated after dicing with 45 × 45 mil<sup>2</sup>. Median light output power of 641 mW was obtained under injection current of 350 mA at 25 deg-C. The operating voltage was 2.9 V. It corresponds to wall plug efficiency, WPE of 63 %. Stable operation more than 6,000 hours under 450 mA at 85 deg-C was confirmed. These results suggest the InGaN MQW LEDs on the large-scale Si wafers are promising for the near future solid-state lighting.
Biosynthesis and interactions of small chondroitin/dermatan sulphate proteoglycans. (1994)

This review pays special attention to the structure and functions of two chondroitin/dermatan sulphate proteoglycans which are members of the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix. Novel data are presented indicating the importance of the core protein for the determination of the extent of glycosaminoglycan modification. Decorin as well as biglycan are able to associate specifically with type I collagen fibrils and to interact with several other components of the extracellular matrix. Recombinant fragments of both proteoglycans inhibit collagen fibrillogenesis. Evidence is presented for the functional diversity of decorin core protein. Considering the proposal of a glycosaminoglycan-glycosaminoglycan interaction, data are presented indicating that exclusively glycosaminoglycan chains containing a peptide moiety of more than two amino acids are able to interact with native decorin, suggesting that protein-protein or protein-glycosaminoglycan interactions are of importance in this respect, too. The interactions of decorin with growth factors are discussed, and it is shown that complexes of transforming growth factor-beta and decorin are still able to exhibit some but not all the specific effects of the uncomplexed cytokine.
Constructivist foundations of modeling?A Kantian perspective (1997)

By linking Knowledge Engineering to Kantian Philosophy, this paper attempts to elaborate a potential theoretical foundation for understanding the nature of expertise and the processes of modeling. The established way of modeling is criticized for presuming the relation between the real objective world and the AI software models being a mapping (abstraction, copy, representation, etc.) relation. The paper argues that this aspect of the foundations of modeling in Knowledge Engineering could be improved by employing the standpoint presented in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. Two hypotheses and ten principles of a constructivist modeling paradigm based on Kant's work are proposed. The term Constructivist here refers to the hypothesis that a model cannot correspond to reality but merely be viable in (i.e., fit into) reality.
Contribution of the Surface Free Energy Perturbation to Protein-Solvent Interactions (1994)

Surface tension measurements were carried out at 20 degrees C by a capillary drop-weight method on aqueous solutions of sodium glutamate (NaGlu), lysine hydrochloride (LysHCl), potassium aspartate (KAsp), arginine hydrochloride (ArgHCl), lysylglutamate (LysGlu), argininylglutamate (ArgGlu), guanidinium sulfate, trehalose, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (hexylene glycol), and poly(ethylene glycol)s of molecular weights 200, 400, 600, and 1000. All of the salts and the sugar increased the surface tension of water, while the last four compounds decreased it, with 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol lowering it most effectively and TMAO being the least effective. The preferential hydration of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme was measured in KAsp, ArgHCl, LysGlu, and ArgGlu. The high values of preferential hydration found in all cases, except for BSA in ArgHCl, suggest that they should stabilize protein structure, as had been found for lysine hydrochloride and monosodium glutamate [Arakawa, T., & Timasheff, S. N. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 4979-4986]. A correlation was found for both BSA and lysozyme in KAsp, NaGlu, LysHCl, ArgGlu, and LysGlu between the surface tension effect and the observed preferential interactions, indicating that the change in the surface free energy of the protein-containing cavity due to the surface tension increase for water by these amino acid salts contributes dominantly to the observed increase in the chemical potential of the protein by their addition. The lack of a correlation observed for BSA, but not lysozyme, in ArgHCl at low concentrations where preferential binding is close to zero suggests, however, that the surface tension effect is not the sole factor involved in the protein-solvent interactions in these amino acid salts. Binding of ArgHCl to BSA, probably through hydrogen bonds between the Arg guanidinium group and peptide bonds, was proposed to occur, the affinity of Arg+ being reduced by electrostatic repulsion when proteins carry a net positive charge, such as is the case with lysozyme. Since the four organic solvent additives also lead to protein preferential hydration, no correlation exists between their preferential interactions and the surface free energy perturbation. Therefore, in their case, the preferential hydration must be ascribed to other factors that overcome the preferential binding expected from the Gibbs adsorption isotherm. The surface tension results, however, are consistent with the binding of the organic solvents to proteins through hydrophobic interactions, explaining, at least in part, the observed concentration dependence of the interactions.
Pulsed Nuclear Resonance Apparatus (1964)

The description of a complete pulsed nuclear resonance spectrometer suitable for experiments in solids is given. Its major features are the ability to operate at any frequency between 2 and 30 Mc, an rf pulse output power of 5 kW over most of this range, a receiving system recovery time of 5–10 μsec at 10 Mc, a sensitivity usually limited by thermal noise in the receiver coil, use of phase coherent detection, the availability of a wide variety of pulse sequences, and good long and short term stability of the entire system. Brief instructions for operating the apparatus are included. A method of using the ``boxcar'' integrator to record directly the steady-state absorption (χ″) or dispersion (χ′) is explained.
THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D3 ON INSULIN SECRETION AND PERIPHERAL INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS (2003)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Ten females with type 2 diabetes being treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents and with normal serum and urine calcium levels were enrolled in the study. The study was conducted in March, when levels of vitamin D are lowest in our region. The level of plasma 25(OH)D was measured (normal range in winter 25-120 nmol/l). The first (FPIS) and second (SPIS) phases of insulin secretion were studied during IVGTT. Peripheral insulin resistance was measured. A group of 17 age- and BMI-matched females with normal glucose tolerance served as a control group. The diabetic patients were treated with cholecalciferol 1332 IU daily for one month. The mean plasma 25(OH)D level was 35.3 +/- 15.1 nmol/l at baseline, 70% of patients being vitamin D deficient. After one month of treatment with vitamin D3, the plasma 25(OH)D level increased by a mean of 75.8%; 70% of the patients achieved normal vitamin D levels. FPIS increased significantly by 34.3%, while the change in SPIS of 20.4% was not significant (p > 0.8). We found a significant correlation between the change in FPIS and the change in 25(OH)D level after vitamin D3 supplementation (p < 0.018). The results showed a decrease of 21.4% in insulin resistance after one month, but the change was not significant. Bearing in mind that the main defects in type 2 diabetes mellitus are reduced FPIS and insulin resistance, and the favourable effect vitamin D3 had on them, we suggest vitamin D3 deficiency may at least partly contribute to the impairment of insulin secretion and probably of insulin action. Our results suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation could be an element in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus during the winter.