gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Georges Brohee Prize 1994. Motilin and the enteric nervous system in the control of interdigestive and postprandial gastric motility. (1995)

The upper gastrointestinal tract displays two different functional states: the interdigestive or fasting state, and the fed state. The fasting state is characterized by a cyclical motor pattern, the migrating motor complex (MMC). The control of the MMC is incompletely understood. Plasma levels of the hormone motilin fluctuate in synchrony with MMC, but it is still controversial whether a motilin peak triggers the MMC or whether the MMC causes motilin release. We used the motilin agonistic properties of erythromycin to resolve this issue in man. Administration of a low dose of erythromycin induced a MMC which started from the gastric antrum, unaccompanied by a motilin peak. This finding argues against a release of motilin secondary to the MMC and supports our hypothesis that in man motilin peaks trigger the MMC. We observed that higher doses of erythromycin no longer induced a MMC, but stimulated antral contractility. The enteric nervous system is involved in the control of both the fasting and fed state at each level of the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesized that the target for motilin to trigger the MMC is the enteric nervous system in the gastric antrum. Yet, no physiological data on antral enteric neurons were available. We performed the first electrophysiological study of myenteric neurons of the gastric antrum, revealing unique electrical and synaptic properties in comparison to other regions of the gastrointestinal tract. We confirmed the role of the enteric nervous system of the gastric antrum in the control of the MMC by directly demonstrating the presence of motilin receptors on a subpopulation of neurons. We demonstrated that endogenous and exogenous substances that stimulate (cholecystokinin, cisapride, erythromycin) or inhibit (norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine) gastric emptying all act on antral enteric neurons. These observations strongly support the hypothesis that the enteric nervous system in the gastric antrum plays a key role in the coordination of antral peristalsis and the regulation of gastric emptying. Finally, we hypothesized that the actions of erythromycin on motilin receptors on enteric neurons and intestinal smooth muscle offer a potential for therapeutic applications in gastrointestinal motility disorders. We confirmed this by demonstrating gastrointestinal motility stimulating activity of erythromycin in patients with diabetic gastroparesis.
Indomethacin treatment of rats with dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal tumors. (1980)

Intestinal tumors were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats following the administration of five weekly doses of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) by gavage. At intervals thereafter, groups of rats were given indomethacin (IND) in the drinking water. In three trials, the incidence of rats with tumors was significantly reduced by 40% below the control rats which did not receive IND and there was no significant difference in body weights. Also, in those IND-treated rats which developed tumors, the tumors were generally smaller in numbers and sizes compared to the control rats. A group of DMH-treated rats was treated with crude IND by gavage and the differences between them and untreated control rats were not significant. It is likely that the treatment was directed at the tumors and not at the DMH which induced them.
Process control takes to the Net (1996)

Manufacturers are beginning to use the Internet as the communications medium for accessing instrumentation and control applications from anywhere in the world. As the Internet has grown exponentially over the past few years, it has become a communications medium for a much wider variety of applications than its founders ever predicted. For example, manufacturing facilities typically use some sort of local area network (LAN) because LAN technology works well over relatively short distances. But even a factory has applications in which data might need to be accessed from a remote location. For these, the Net can be an invaluable resource. In one such case, Foxboro Controls Inc. in Foxboro, Mass, has made its Dynamic Performance Monitor software package Internet-ready. This software provides senior executives with strategic information about a plant`s operation to help them make management decisions. Although the focus thus far has been on accessing data from a remote site, sending data back to the plant is not far off. In most cases, it wouldn`t be desirable for someone far away to be able to change the settings on any device in the plant. However, tow-way communication could be useful for applications such as virtual engineering network where amore » remote office supports the plant.« less
The Capability of Catabolic Utilization of <i>N</i> -Acetylneuraminic Acid, a Sialic Acid, Is Essential for <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> Pathogenesis (2009)

N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, sialic acid) could provide a good substrate for enteropathogenic bacteria in the intestine, when the bacteria invade and colonize in human gut. In order to analyze the role of Neu5Ac catabolism in Vibrio vulnificus pathogenesis, a mutant with disruption of the nanA gene encoding Neu5Ac lyase was constructed by allelic exchanges. The nanA mutant was not able to utilize Neu5Ac as a sole carbon source and revealed an altered colony morphotype with reduced opacity in the presence of Neu5Ac. Compared to the wild type, the nanA mutant exhibited a low level of cytotoxicity toward INT-407 epithelial cells in vitro and reduced virulence in a mouse model. The disruption of nanA also resulted in a substantial decrease in histopathological damage in jejunum and colon tissues from the mouse intestine. These results indicated that NanA plays an important role in V. vulnificus pathogenesis. In addition, the nanA mutant was significantly diminished in growth with and adherence to INT-407 epithelial cells in vitro, and was defective for intestinal colonization, reflecting the impaired ability of the mutant to grow and survive with, persist in, and adhere to the intestine in vivo. Consequently, the combined results suggest that NanA and the capability of catabolic utilization of Neu5Ac contribute to V. vulnificus virulence by ensuring growth, adhesion, and survival during infection.
Effect of Different Defoliation Treatments on Yield and Yield Components in maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivar of S.C704 (2010)

Plant leaves are major source of photosynthesis and obtain assimilates for growing parts. Effects of different levels of defoliation studied on maize's growth and yield. The study was conducted as completely randomized block design with 8 treatments in 4 replications. The treatments were: T1= control (without leaf removal), T2= removing of ear leaf, T3= defoliating leaves on top of the ear, T4= defoliating leaves under the ear, T5= defoliating just two leaves under ear, T6= defoliating two leaves on top of ear, T7= defoliation whole leaves (complete defoliation) and T8= defoliating just tassel leaf. Effects of these treatments were evaluated on the major traits of yield components. Results showed that leaves defoliation had significantly effect on grain yield, rows number on cob, grains number on cob, grain dry weight and cob length (P<1%). Leaf defoliation intensity and leaf position affected total dry matter. Complete defoliation reduced severely grains on cob. While defoliation on top of ear and underneath leaves of ear caused to reduce grains on row. The maximum LAI belonged to control and the least amount was connected to T4. The results suggest that the top leaves should not defoliate, because this treatment has negative effect on the yield.
Novel humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies with unique germline VH and VL gene recruitment and potent effector functions (2008)

The anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) rituximab is the most widely used therapeutic antibody for B-cell malignancies. However, ≈50% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) patients respond to treatment with this antibody. Novel humanized antibodies target membrane CD20 with enhanced effector properties should improve treatment for a broader patient population with relapsed and refractory disease. A novel chimerized form of the murine anti-CD20 1K1791 exerts more potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activities and induces cell death by a non-caspase dependent process. Humanized mAbs derived from 1K1791 were designed using four different humanization techniques and characterized. In contrast to rituximab or 2F2 (human anti-CD20 mAb), several of these exhibited superior ADCC, CDC, inhibition of cell growth and cell death. There was a wide range of functional differences among the humanized forms of 1K1791 despite a modest replacement of amino acid residues in the CDRs. To determine whether the superior activities exhibited by parental murine mAb 1K1791 were due to differences in VH and VL rearrangement, we analyzed its germline and compared it to other anti-CD20 mAbs. A remarkable conservation of VH and Vk (VL kappa) gene usage was observed in the murine anti-CD20 mAbs. 18/23 used the same germline gene J558.42 and 4/23 used closely related genes of the ‘J558’ group. Thus, 22/23 belonged to VH1 family. One exception was the mAb 1K1791, which was derived from the VH9.12 germline gene. 1K1791 was also unique in its use of a Vk19/28 family gene whereas most other mAbs (21/23) used Vk4/5 family genes. A formal relationship between the particular germline gene recruitment and antibody functionality has not been established, however, the present findings identified humanized mAbs with functional activities that were superior to rituximab and 2F2. These in vitro results support future in vivo animal testing and subsequent clinical trials.
Macromol. Rapid Commun. 5/2013 (2013)

Front Cover: Sub-10-μm sized poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles with surface dimples are fabricated using a droplet imprinting method. Optical and magnetic resonance imaging agents are easily encapsulated to form bi-modal imaging particles for cell tracking and imaging applications. The image demonstrates cell internalization of dimpled particles in DC 2.4 cells. Further details can be found in the article by M. R. Kim, Y. T. Lim,* and K. Y. Cho* on page 406.
Subjective underemployment and job satisfaction (1995)

Les AA. examinent les relations entre deux types de mesure du sous-emploi subjectif. Le premier met en relief l'inadequation entre la qualification et l'emploi occupe et la seconde la sous-utilisation des competences sur le plan professionnel. Ils presentent un certain nombre de donnees collectees aux Etats-Unis en 1987 aupres d'employes du service public. Ils montrent qu'il existe une relation negative entre les deux modes de mesure et que ceux-ci mettent en evidence un sentiment de destitution de l'individu qui trouve son origine dans l'experience sur le lieu de travail et qui influe sur la satisfaction professionnelle
An adaptive multipath estimation/elimination technique for GPS signals reception (2002)

Abstract Recently, with advances in differential GPS (DGPS) technology, the measurement performance of GPS has improved significantly. In this environment, degradation of the measurement performance of GPS due to multipath error that cannot be eliminated by the DGPS technique is a serious problem. In this paper, as a multipath solution in GPS, multipath estimation is carried out with an adaptive filter based on the least squares method. A method is presented to reduce the locking error in code phase locking and carrier phase locking by eliminating the multipath effect from the received signal correlation. Also, by means of computer simulation, the effectiveness of the present method is confirmed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 86(1): 74–82, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ecja.1148
Slow-release carbohydrates: growing evidence on metabolic responses and public health interest (2016)

To draw attention to the necessity of considering differences in the digestibility of carbohydrates, and more specifically of starch, a symposium was held at the 12th European Nutrition Conference (FENS), which took place in Berlin from October 20 to 23, 2015. The purpose of this session was to present the consolidated knowledge and recent advances regarding the relationship between slow-release carbohydrates, metabolic responses, and public health issues. Three main topics were presented: 1) the definition of, sources of, and recognised interest in the glycaemic response to slowly digestible starch (SDS); 2) clinical evidence regarding the physiological effects of slow-release carbohydrates from cereal foods; and 3) interest in reducing the postprandial glycaemic response to help prevent metabolic diseases. Foods with the highest SDS content induce the lowest glycaemic responses, as the starch is protected from gelatinisation during processing. In humans, high-SDS food consumption induces slower glucose release, lower postprandial insulinaemia, and stimulation of gut hormones. Moreover, postprandial hyperglycaemia is an independent risk factor for type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, given the plausible aetiologic mechanisms, we argue that postprandial glucose levels are relevant for health and disease and represent a meaningful target for intervention, for example, through dietary factors. This symposium was organised by Mondelez International R&D.
Are you using the right questions (when you select automation equipment) (2003)

Using quoted price, delivery and production rate as the only criteria for choosing vendors, may well be the correct approach for many industrial purchases. However, following this same doctrine when buying automation equipment, such as coil winding and finishing machines, often leads to making selections that later prove not to be the best choice. Because all the written quote packages appear to address the same key issues, does not mean such machines are generic. They are complex products, with hundreds of details being decided primarily by the builder, not machines produced to an established, third party standard or specification. There will assuredly be significant, but not necessarily evident, differences in the offerings by the competing sales persons. Learning to ask the machine builder the right questions, to correctly identify, understand and properly evaluate the differences is the only practical solution for industry. Business cannot justify the US federal government's approach to make every individual purchase generic via an all-inclusive, comprehensive specification, nor can they afford the results of this concept such as $100 hammers and $400 toilet seats. This paper addresses the fundamental questions and issues that should be explored with potential vendors, to help buyers make better informed decisions.
Oversampled FIR and IIR DFT filter banks and Weyl-Heisenberg frames (2002)

We apply the theory of Weyl-Heisenberg frames (WHFs) to oversampled FIR and IIR DFT filter banks (FBs). We show that the polyphase matrices provide a matrix representation of the frame operator and we find conditions on a DFT FB to provide a WHF expansion. We also show that paraunitary and biorthogonal DFT FBs correspond to tight and exact WHFs, respectively, and that the same bounds can be obtained by an eigenanalysis of the polyphase matrices. Simulation results demonstrate the importance of the frame bounds for the design of DFT FBs.
Y para usted, ¿qué es la crónica? (2000)

^Como que que es la Cronica? Dicese en las escuelas que es un genero literario/periodistico de gran flexibilidad, y el maestro Monsivais alega que no existe una muy clara ni segura diferencia entre objetividad y subjetividad y ademas, el genero permite usar el juego literario a dis cretion, a partir de la primera persona, o narrar libremente los aconte cimientos como vistos y vividos desde la interioridad ajena. Debo con fesar que a uno la cronica le gusto por oposicion a un tipo de redaction frigido y limitante, que se quiere hacer pasar por objetivo y mas bien evidencia pobreza al senalar que el Senor Presidente dijo, agrego, ana dio, luego preciso, expreso y finalmente... concluyo. jOhhh! Con la cronica uno quiere quiere involucrar, hacer complice al lector de lo que a otros, generalmente los humillados y ofendidos de este pais, acontece. Y si para eso es preciso metamorfosearse, como propone el escritor Elias Canetti en La conciencia de las palabras, FCE, pues entonces uno es el albanil, la sirvienta indigena a la que los sefioritos de la casa pretenden mascota para la initiation sexual; uno se metamorfosea para que el obrero diga: me matan si no trabajo y si trabajo me matan, y para esto hay que acercarse a los personajes de la vida cotidiana, libros vivos ?dijo Henry Miller? que van por el metro, la pesera, el Ruta 100 de la vidorria, desgranando anecdotas laborales, sinsabores sindicales, experencias maritales, sus visiones del mundo, de la realidad y de la his toria de nuestro tiempo. Con la cronica uno se plantea el reto y se da el gusto de recorrer el lenguaje, los giros humoristicos, los momentos dramaticos para conmover a un lector al que uno intuye harto de vidas aburridas como la propia y entonces que mejor que valerse de las vidas ejemplares de los mentados humillados y ofendidos, y con la esencia de ellos ?que tanto nutren a la patria con su mano de obra barata y exportable? armar las historias del subsuelo nacional. Entonces, uno recurre a su mundo inmediato, para, erecta la oreja en el trayecto al trabajo, durante el retorno nocturno; el cronista sopea a su pareja, a sus hijos, vecinos, amigos y los transforma en sus correspon
Proton conductivity and humidity-sensing properties at high temperature of the NASICON-based composite material hydrogen zirconium phosphate-zirconium pyrophosphate ceramic (HZr2P3O12.ZrP2O7) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton conductivity and humidity-sensing properties at high temperature of the NASICON-based composite material hydrogen zirconium phosphate-zirconium pyrophosphate ceramic (HZr2P3O12.ZrP2O7)Shouhua Feng and Martha GreenblattCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 9, 1277–1282Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00033a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views346Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (538 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An efficient and versatile scheduling algorithm based on SDC formulation (2006)

Scheduling plays a central role in the behavioral synthesis process, which automatically compiles high-level specifications into optimized hardware implementations. However, most of the existing behavior-level scheduling heuristics either have a limited efficiency in a specific class of applications or lack general support of various design constraints.In this paper we describe a new scheduler that converts a rich set of scheduling constraints into a system of difference constraints (SDC) and performs a variety of powerful optimizations under a unified mathematical programming framework. In particular, we show that our SDC-based scheduling algorithm can efficiently support resource constraints, frequency constraints, latency constraints, and relative timing constraints, and effectively optimize longest path latency, expected overall latency, and the slack distribution. Experiments demonstrate that our proposed technique provides efficient solutions for a broader range of applications with higher quality of results (in terms of system performance) when compared to the state-of-the-art scheduling heuristics.
Charge shift electrophoresis: simple method for distinguishing between amphiphilic and hydrophilic proteins in detergent solution. (1977)

Seventeen hydrophilic proteins and five amphiphilic membrane proteins were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of a nonionic detergent (Triton X-100), a mixture of anonionic and an anionic detergent (Triton X-100 and sodium deoxycholate), and a mixture of a nonionic and a cationic detergent (Triton X-100 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide). The electrophoretic mobility of the hydrophilic proteins was unaffected in the three detergent mixtures. However, the mobility of the amphiphilic proteins shifted anodally in the Triton X-100-deoxycholate system and cathodally in the Triton X-100-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide system when compared to the mobility in Triton X-100 alone. The detergent-induced shift in mobility provides a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for distinguishing between hydrophilic and amphiphilic proteins.
Widely tunable directional coupler filters with 1D photonic crystal (2005)

We present two concept examples for adding a wide range tunability to Si/SiO/sub 2/ devices involving a photonic crystal element. They are based on a directional coupler filter of two different geometries, where one of the arms is a Bragg reflection waveguide (BRW) used for the bandwidth improvement. The tuning relies on changing the properties of the BRW core. As an illustration we consider the smectic A* liquid crystal as the core material and show that ca 100 nm tuning range is achievable by the core index variations of 0.006 under applying electric field of 5 V//spl mu/m.
Design of a gain-stage for pipelined SAR ADC using capacitive charge pump (2016)

This paper presents the design of a multi-stage capacitive charge pump (CCP) as a gain-stage which is used in the two-stage pipelined successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC). The topology of multi-stage CCP and the design considerations are provided. Thereafter, the power comparison between switch capacitor (SC) integrator and multi-stage CCP is analyzed with the parameters from 0.35-μm CMOS process. The comparison results show that the proposed gain-stage is more power efficient than SC integrator. To verify the analysis, two types of gain-stage, SC integrator and multi-stage CCP, were simulated in 0.35-μm CMOS process. Simulation results show that the three-stage CCP achieves a gain of 7.9 while only consuming 1.1 μW with the gain bandwidth of 178.7 kHz. But the SC integrator consumes 1.58 times more power than CCP's to reach the similar gain and gain bandwidth.
Monoclonal Antibodies Against Cathepsin L and Procathepsin L of Different Species (1997)

Mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against cathepsin L and procathepsin L have been generated. Mice were immunized with human procathepsin L purified from the cell culture medium of human nonsmall cell lung cancer cell line EPLC 32 M1. More than 400 hybridoma clones were screened by ELISA or Western blot and 50 were found to secrete antibodies which reacted with cathepsin L or its precursor. Twenty-six clones were selected for further characterization of the antibodies according to their reactivity in ELISA, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry against the mature enzyme or its latent precursor of man, rat, or mouse. Only those antibodies are described here, which do not cross-react with the closely related cathepsins B and S or their latent proenzymes.