gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Somatomedin-C, Physical Fitness, and Bone Density* (1990)

Somatomedin-C (Sm-C) or insulin-like growth factor-I, GH and physical fitness decline with age. Physical fitness and muscle strength are important determinants of bone density, and the age-related decline in bone density may be related in part to a decline in fitness and muscle strength. Also, Sm-C has been shown to stimulate osteoblasts in vitro and may effect skeletal muscle mass. We postulated that the age-related decline in GH and Sm-C levels may be related to an age-related decline in physical fitness and/or muscle strength, and the effect of physical fitness and muscle strength on bone may be mediated by Sm-C. We, therefore, examined the relationship between circulating GH and Sm-C levels and physical fitness, as determined by predicted maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in 134 normal women, 34 of whom were postmenopausal. In a subgroup of 62 women overall muscle strength was estimated as the sum of the Z-sores for biceps, quadriceps, and grip strength. Overall muscle strength correlated with GH levels (r = 0.28; P less than 0.02), but not with Sm-C levels. There was a significant positive relationship between plasma Sm-C levels and VO2max in all women (r = 0.47; P less than 0.001) and in the postmenopausal group alone (r = 0.05; P less than 0.01). Although there was a significant negative relationship between Sm-C and age (r = -0.36; P = 0.001), VO2max was a better independent predictor than age (r = 0.47; P = 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rd Optimal Time Segmentations For The Time-Varying Mdct (2004)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Viena, Austria, 2004
Intestinal barrier: An interface between health and disease (2003)

The intestine constitutes the largest interface between a person and his or her environment, and an intact intestinal barrier is thus essential in maintaining health and preventing tissue injury and several diseases. The intestinal barrier has various immunological and non-immunological components. The epithelial barrier is one of the most important non-immunological components. Hyperpermeability of this barrier is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease and food allergy. Hence, assessing barrier integrity is of the utmost importance. One of the more quantitative gauges for this assessment is transepithelial permeability of various molecular probes, among which sugars are commonly used. Measures of intestinal permeability might also be useful as markers for assessment of prognosis and follow up in various gastrointestinal disorders. The present article is a review of the normal and abnormal functioning of the intestinal barrier, the diseases that can result from loss of barrier integrity, and some promising agents and strategies for restoring barrier normality and integrity.
A potent erythropoietin-mimicking human antibody interacts through a novel binding site (2007)

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu-EPO) is used to treat anemia by activating the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) in erythroid progenitor cells, leading to proliferation and differentiation into mature red blood cells. To allow less frequent dosing, a hyperglycosylated version of EPO has been developed with a longer half-life. In principle, an agonistic antibody targeting EPOR would offer an even longer half-life, support robust monthly dosing, and, unlike EPO products, reduce the risk of pure red cell aplasia. The efficiency of signaling and corresponding potency of previously reported antibody mimics are generally suboptimal compared with EPO and not suitable for clinical use. Here we describe a potent, fully human, agonistic antibody (ABT007) targeting EPOR that supports potent, more sustained, and less pulsatile elevation of hematocrit in a human EPOR-expressing transgenic mouse model compared with standard doses of rHu-EPO while requiring less frequent dosing. Resolution of the crystal structure of the EPOR extracellular domain (ECD) complexed to the ABT007 Fab fragment, determined at 0.32 nm, identifies a binding site that is consistent with a novel mechanism of receptor activation based on a unique antibody-imposed conformational change. These results demonstrate that a symmetric molecule can serve as a potent activator of the EPOR.
Mechanism of atomic layer deposition of SiO2 on the silicon (100)-2×1 surface using SiCl4 and H2O as precursors (2002)

We use density functional theory to investigate atomic layer deposition (ALD) mechanism of silicon dioxide on the Si(100)-2×1 surface from the precursors SiCl4 and H2O. First, we explore the reaction mechanism of water with the bare Si(100)-2×1 surface to produce surface hydroxyl groups. We find that this reaction proceeds through a two-step pathway with an overall barrier of 33.3 kcal/mol. Next, we investigate the ALD mechanism for the binary reaction sequence: the SiCl4 half reaction and the H2O half reaction. For the SiCl4 half reaction, SiCl4 first forms a σ-bond with the oxygen of the surface OH group and then releases an HCl molecule. The predicted barrier for this process is 15.8 kcal/mol. Next, adsorbed SiCl3 reacts with a neighboring OH group to form bridged SiCl2 with a barrier of 22.6 kcal/mol. The H2O half reaction also proceeds through two sequential steps with an overall barrier of 19.1 kcal/mol for the reaction of H2O with bridged SiCl2 to form bridged Si(OH)2. The predicted barrier of 22.6 kcal/mol for the rate-limiting step of the ALD binary reaction mechanism is consistent with the experimental value of 22.0 kcal/mol. In addition, we find that the calculated frequencies are in good agreement with the experimentally measured IR spectra.
Electromagnetic interference in CMOS circuits (2003)

A model for predicting the radiofrequency interference (RFI) susceptibility of CMOS circuits at the design stage, using SPICE, is reported on. The circuit investigated is the RCA CD4007A, which contains three CMOS pairs of n-MOSFETs and p-MOSFETs, input protection circuits, output protection circuits, and parasitic pn-junctions, which behave as parasitic capacitors. The model was verified in both the presence and absence of RFI. The SPICE simulations correctly predict the frequency dependences of the RFI responses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Speaker independent recognition of connected digits (2005)

This paper describes an implementation of a speaker independent system which can recognize connected digits. The overall recognition system consists of two separate but inter-related parts. The function of the first part of the system is to segment the digit string into the individual digits which comprise the string; the second part of the system then recognizes the individual digits based on the results of the segmentation. To evaluate the accuracy of the system in segmenting and recognizing digit strings a series of experiments was conducted. Using high quality recordings from a soundproof booth the segmentation accuracy was found to be about 99%, and the recognition accuracy was about 91% across 10 speakers (5 male, 5 female). With recordings made in a noisy computer room the segmentation accuracy remained close to 99%, and the recognition accuracy was about 87% across another group of 10 speakers (5 male, 5 female).
cMyBP-C Phosphorylation, Binding to Actin, and the Effects on Cardiac Function (2009)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease of the myocardium that is associated with cardiac dysfunction due to asymmetrical thickening of the left ventricular wall of the heart (Richard et al., 2003; Richard et al., 2006). HCM is believed to be the most common genetic form of cardiovascular disease in humans and has been identified as the most common form of cardiac disease in the domestic cat (Marian & Roberts, 2001; Maron, 2002; Kittleson et al., 1999). Mutations in the cardiac myosin binding protein C (MYBPC3) gene are the most frequent genetic cause of HCM in humans (Richard et al., 2003), and MYBPC3 is currently the only gene with identified mutations causing HCM in cats (Meurs et al., 2005; Meurs et al., 2007). MYBPC3 encodes the cardiac isoform of myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C), which is found almost exclusively in heart muscle (Harris et al., 2002). cMyBP-C is believed to play a role in cardiac contraction and structure, but its specific functions are not well understood (Harris et al., 2002). The N-terminus of the protein contains a binding site for myosin, a separate binding site for actin, as well as three potential phosphorylation sites (Gautel et al., 1995; Kulikovskaya et al., 2003). A study by Kulikovskaya et al. (2003) demonstrated that the degree of phosphorylation of cMyBP-C determines whether the N-terminal region binds to myosin or actin, and may thus regulate thick filament structure and cardiac contractility. In 2005, Sadayappan et al. utilized transgenic mice in which the phosphorylation sites of cMyBP-C were changed to nonphosphorylatable alanines to demonstrate that phosphorylation of cMyBP-C is essential for normal cardiac function. These mice showed severe cardiac hypertrophy consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Sadayappan et al., 2005). It is possible that the inability to phosphorylate cMyBP-C contributed to the observed phenotype by altering the protein’s ability to interact with other proteins, such as actin and myosin. This, however, was not investigated by Sadayappan et al. and is thus the focus of the proposed study. Determining whether the altered cMyBP-C protein is capable of binding to actin and myosin may provide important insight into the role of cMyBP-C phosphorylation in normal cardiac function and may also lead to a better understanding of the molecular basis for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Transepidermal water loss in adhesive tape induced dermatitis (1976)

As an index of skin barrier function, transepidermal water loss (TEW) was investigated in subjects reactive to adhesive tapes. Tape reactive subjects showed no difference in TEW in untreated skin when compared to non-reactive subjects. Plastic tape and transparent tape produced varying degrees of dermatitis in reactive subjects; the TEW was increased up to 40-fold of the baseline values correlating with the degree of dermatitis. Paper tape and plastic film without adhesive did not produce dermatitis and increased water loss. Regeneration of skin damage was accompanied by a decrease of TEW values. The general problem of tape reactors and tape irritation is discussed.
Design as refinement plus constraint propagation: the VEXED experience (1987)

Underlying any system that does design is a model of the design process and a division oflabor between the system and the user. We are just beginning to understand what the main alternative models are, what their strengths and weaknesses are, and for which domains and tasks each is appropriate. The research reported here is an attempt to further that understanding by studying a particular model, the model of design as top down refinement plus constraint propagation, with the user making control decisions and the system carrying them out. We have studied this model by embodying it in VEXED, a design aid for NMOS digital circuits, and by experimenting with this system. Our primary conclusion is that this model needs further elaboration, but seems like a good basic model on which to build such systems.
Characterization of Zinc Influx Transporters (ZIPs) in Pancreatic β Cells (2015)

Zinc plays an essential role in the regulation of pancreatic β cell function, affecting important processes including insulin biosynthesis, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and cell viability. Mutations in the zinc efflux transport protein ZnT8 have been linked with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, further supporting an important role for zinc in glucose homeostasis. However, very little is known about how cytosolic zinc is controlled by zinc influx transporters (ZIPs). In this study, we examined the β cell and islet ZIP transcriptome and show consistent high expression of ZIP6 (Slc39a6) and ZIP7 (Slc39a7) genes across human and mouse islets and MIN6 β cells. Modulation of ZIP6 and ZIP7 expression significantly altered cytosolic zinc influx in pancreatic β cells, indicating an important role for ZIP6 and ZIP7 in regulating cellular zinc homeostasis. Functionally, this dysregulated cytosolic zinc homeostasis led to impaired insulin secretion. In parallel studies, we identified both ZIP6 and ZIP7 as potential interacting proteins with GLP-1R by a membrane yeast two-hybrid assay. Knock-down of ZIP6 but not ZIP7 in MIN6 β cells impaired the protective effects of GLP-1 on fatty acid-induced cell apoptosis, possibly via reduced activation of the p-ERK pathway. Therefore, our data suggest that ZIP6 and ZIP7 function as two important zinc influx transporters to regulate cytosolic zinc concentrations and insulin secretion in β cells. In particular, ZIP6 is also capable of directly interacting with GLP-1R to facilitate the protective effect of GLP-1 on β cell survival.
Dynamically sensed mission sensor alignment (2003)

The dynamically sensed mission sensor alignment (DYSMAL) program seeks to verify the requirements for and define techniques which would enhance weapon system alignment, stabilization, and motion compensation accuracies of current and near-team sensor systems for current and near-term weapon systems. The first phase of this effort (DYSMAL1) addresses the magnitude and nature of misalignment, sensor harmonization, and motion compensation effects on total weapon system performance. Phase two of this study (DYSMAL2) extends the analyses and proposed techniques for identification, prevention, and correction of system alignment errors for current and near-term future sensor systems. The authors describe the analyses and laboratory experiments conducted during this program and the technical results including recommended flexure compensation techniques for key mission sensors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Alkyl- and Dialkylamides of p-Aminobenzoic Acid (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkyl- and Dialkylamides of p-Aminobenzoic AcidHenry WenkerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 5, 1081Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01272a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01272a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Numerical Analysis of the Power Saving in 3GPP LTE Advanced Wireless Networks (2012)

We analyze the power-saving operation in Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long-Term Evolution Advanced (LTE Advanced) wireless networks. Typically, it is an exhausting and complicated job to numerically analyze the performance of power-saving operations since it is necessary to carefully consider every possible probability, make probability-generating functions, and differentiate these functions. Instead, we develop a totally new approach toward simple but accurate derivations. For this purpose, we divide the time period for the steady-state power-saving operation into several independent parts. Then, we analyze the power-saving operation in each part and thereafter combine the results into an aggregate result. The new approach enables us to avoid sophisticated steps while we reach an accurate analytical model. The equations are validated through comparison with simulation results.
Long-Term Treatment With Oral Sildenafil Is Safe and Improves Functional Capacity and Hemodynamics in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2003)

This small pilot study suggests that long-term sildenafil therapy might be a safe and effective treatment for PAH. At a monthly cost of 492 dollars Canadian, sildenafil is more affordable than most approved PAH therapies. A large multicenter trial is indicated to directly compare sildenafil with existing PAH treatments.
607. The chemistry of triterpenes and related compounds. Part XLIII. The constituents of the bark of Platanus x hybrida Brot. and the structure of platanic acid (1963)

R. T. Aplin, T. G. Halsall and T. Norin, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 3269 DOI: 10.1039/JR9630003269
Ruthenium-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTRuthenium-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbene LigandsCezary Samojłowicz†, Michał Bieniek‡, and Karol Grela*†‡View Author Information Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]†Polish Academy of Sciences.‡Warsaw University.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 8, 3708–3742Publication Date (Web):June 17, 2009Publication History Received14 November 2008Published online17 June 2009Published inissue 12 August 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr800524fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr800524freview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views13402Altmetric-Citations924LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Metathesis,Ruthenium Get e-Alerts
Membrane Topology of Helix 0 of the Epsin N-terminal Homology Domain (2006)

Specific interaction of the epsin N-terminal homology (ENTH) domain with the plasma membrane appears to bridge other related proteins to the specific regions of the membrane that are invaginated to form endocytic vesicles. An additional a-helix, referred to as helix 0 (H0), is formed in the presence of the soluble ligand inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] at the N terminus of the ENTH domain (amino acid residues 3-15). The ENTH domain alone and full-length epsin cause tubulation of liposomes made of brain lipids. Thus, it is believed that H0 is membrane-inserted when it is coordinated with the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2], resulting in membrane deformation as well as recruitment of accessory factors to the membrane. However, formation of H0 in a real biological membrane has not been demonstrated. In the present study, the membrane structure of H0 was determined by measurement of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) nitroxide accessibility. H0 was located at the phosphate head-group region of the membrane. Moreover, EPR line-shape analysis indicated that no pre-formed H0-like structure were present on normal acidic membranes. PtdIns(4,5)P2 was necessary and sufficient for interaction of the H0 region with the membrane. H0 was stable only in the membrane. In conclusion, the H0 region of the ENTH domain has an intrinsic ability to form H0 in a PtdIns(4,5)P2-containing membrane, perhaps functioning as a sensor of membrane patches enriched with PtdIns(4,5)P2 that will initiate curvature to form endocytic vesicles.
Mapping vegetation types with the multiple spectral feature mapping algorithm in both emission and absorption (1992)

Vegetation covers a large portion of the Earth's land surface. Remotely sensing quantitative information from vegetation has proven difficult because in a broad sense, all vegetation is similar from a chemical viewpoint, and most healthy plants are green. Plant species are generally characterized by the leaf and flower or fruit morphology, not by remote sensing spectral signatures. But to the human eye, many plants show varying shades of green, so there is direct evidence for spectral differences between plant types. Quantifying these changes in a predictable manner has not been easy. The Clark spectral features mapping algorithm was applied to mapping spectral features in vegetation species.
XY-pic Reference Manual (1999)

This document summarises the capabilities of the XY-pic package for typesetting graphs and diagrams in TEX. For a general introduction as well as availability information and conditions refer to the User’s Guide [14]. A characteristic of XY-pic is that it is built around a kernel drawing language which is a concise notation for general graphics, e.g.,
Grinding of ferrites, some mechanical and magnetic aspects (1975)

A review is given of grinding, the resulting mechanical deformation and the effects on the magnetism of ferrites. The grinding system is divided into components and the laws of material removal are stated with particular emphasis on the role of the forces in the system. From the geometry of horizontal spindle grinding a useful parameter is derived, the continuum chip thickness, that can be used for comparing grinding situations. Under these forces the abrasive particles deform and remove the surface. The various modes of deformation of the material are considered. Due to tensile stresses a brittle mode is found. Moreover, underneath the abrasive particle high compression occurs that allows ductile deformation. The latter mode requires more energy per unit volume of material removed. Deformations occur underneath the abrasive particle, but also in front of it, caused by the impact sound wave, and behind it where the compression has changed into tension. Finally the influence of deformation on magnetization, on permeability, losses and domain patterns is considered.