gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural markers on core protein p30 of murine leukemia virus: functional correlation with Fv-1 tropism. (1978)

Tryptic peptide maps from more than 50 isolates of murine leukemia virus (MuLV) have shown that, in general, the structure of core protein p30 is highly conserved. However, a structurally variable region of p30 has been identified that is functionally associated with Fv-1 tropism. On the basis of this structural variability, MuLV strains can be classified as B-tropic, N-tropic, xenotropic, and/or as being derived from wild mice. Certain xenotropic viruses have a p30 like that of B-tropic MuLV and presumably would be subject to restriction in cells containing an Fv-In allele. Other p30 structural markers serve to distinguish the exogenous Friend, Moloney, and Rauscher viruses from endogenous MuLV. Furthermore, some MuLV strains have structural differences in their p30s that are useful as strain-specific markers. Finally, a possible sarcoma-associated alteration in the structure of p30 has been noted in the ml clone of Moloney murine sarcoma virus.
Introduction to Session III (1965)

We tried to find a concise heading and the right words for describing the set of talks that you will hear this morning. With some misgivings, both technical and sociological, we put down the words “Integrated Methods Approach”. However, I think it isn't a bad title. It was mentioned several times yesterday afternoon and a couple of examples have already appeared on some phases of what is meant by this approach. For instance, Stewart Kurtz mentioned ES-45 which was adopted as an ASTM emergency method in World War II. That was really, I think, a primary example of an early integrated method. He mentioned six or eight separate methods which have come out of that and for the long range, one wonders whether in the end the separated methods might not again be put together in one comprehensive approach to a request for a hydrocarbon type analysis of a petroleum distillate. One thing about a combination of methods, the individual deviations or errors of each step are perhaps bound to be compensating in the course of applying the total analysis; whereas, when you look at one particular method, the limit of precision stands out.
An overview of the mechanism of action of clozapine. (1994)

Clozapine has multiple clinical advantages that differentiate it from typical neuroleptics but that it may share with other novel antipsychotic drugs such as risperidone and olanzapine. There may be more than one pharmacologic feature that contributes to its advantages in improving psychopathology, cognition, affect, tardive dyskinesia, etc. Clozapine has < 10 nM affinity for the serotonin (5-HT)2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT6, 5-HT7, D4, m1, and alpha 1-adrenergic receptor but weak affinity for the D2 receptor. Current evidence suggests the 5-HT2A and D4 receptor antagonist properties of clozapine, together with its weak D2 blocking properties, contribute the most to its advantages and should be sought in drug development programs. However, the other effects of clozapine may also be contributory. Clozapine is effective in a variety of conditions and at a range of plasma levels. The effects that are important in various indications may differ.
Kinetics and mechanism of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehydediphenylamine hydrochloride reaction in the solid state (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanism of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehydediphenylamine hydrochloride reaction in the solid stateM. Qureshi, S. Z. Qureshi, H. S. Rathore, and Ali MohammadCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 2, 116–118Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100569a005https://doi.org/10.1021/j100569a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Uncoupling protein 2 plays an important role in nitric oxide production of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages (2002)

The expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was reduced in macrophages after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The physiological consequence and the regulatory mechanisms of the UCP2 down-regulation by LPS were investigated in a macrophage cell line, RAW264 cells. UCP2 overexpression in RAW264 cells transfected with eukaryotic expression vector containing ucp2 cDNA markedly reduced the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, in the UCP2 transfectant, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, inducible NO synthase (NOS II) protein, NOS II mRNA, and NOS II promoter activity were definitely decreased after LPS stimulation compared with those in parental RAW264 or RAW264 cells transfected with the vector alone. Reporter assays suggested that an enhancer element was located in the region of intron 2 of the UCP2 gene and that the UCP2 expression was down-regulated not by the 7.3-kb promoter region but by the 5' region of the UCP2 gene containing two introns. Deletion of intron 2 resulted in the low transcriptional activities and abolishment of the LPS-associated negative regulation. In addition, the mRNA expression of transfected UCP2 was suppressed in RAW264 cells transfected with expression vector containing UCP2 genomic DNA, but was markedly increased in cells transfected with the vector containing UCP2 intronless cDNA. These findings suggest that the LPS-stimulated signals suppress UCP2 expression by interrupting the function of intronic enhancer, leading to an up-regulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which activate the signal transduction cascade of NOS II expression, probably to ensure rapid and sufficient cellular responses to a microbial attack.
<title>Further attacks on Yeung-Mintzer fragile watermarking scheme</title> (2000)

In this paper, we describe new and improved attacks on the authentication scheme previously proposed by Yeung and Mintzer. Previous attacks assumed that the binary watermark logo inserted in an image for the purposes of authentication was known. Here we remove that assumption and show how the scheme is still vulnerable, even if the binary logo is not known but the attacker has access to multiple images that have been watermarked with the same secret key and contain the same (but unknown) logo. We present two attacks. The first attack infers the secret watermark insertion function and the binary logo, given multiple images authenticated with the same key and containing the same logo. We show that a very good approximation to the logo and watermark insertion function can be constructed using as few as two images. With color images, one needs many more images, nevertheless the attack is still feasible. The second attack we present, which we call the 'collage-attack' is a variation of the Holliman-Memon counterfeiting attack. The proposed variation does not require knowledge of the watermark logo and produces counterfeits of superior quality by means of a suitable dithering process that we develop.
BUYING — Its function in the marketing concept (1974)

Marketing is the catalyst which maximises gross profit from turnover, and thus marketing and buying are two sides of the same coin. Laurie Leigh, Tesco Managing Director responsible for marketing, buying and distribution takes the view that they are inseparable in practice for one provides the base from which the other operates. But in the past this was not always so.
Non-invasive recording from the human olfactory bulb (2020)

Current non-invasive neuroimaging methods can assess neural activity in all areas of the human brain but the olfactory bulb (OB). The OB has been suggested to fulfill a role comparable to that of V1 and the thalamus in the visual system and have been closely linked to a wide range of olfactory tasks and neuropathologies. Here we present a method for non-invasive recording of signals from the human OB with millisecond precision. We demonstrate that signals obtained via recordings from EEG electrodes at the nasal bridge represent responses from the human olfactory bulb - recordings we term Electrobulbogram (EBG). The EBG will aid future olfactory-related translational work but can also potentially be implemented as an everyday clinical tool to detect pathology-related changes in human central olfactory processing in neurodegenerative diseases. In conclusion, the EBG is localized to the OB, is reliable, and follows response patterns demonstrated in non-human animal models.
Optical fibers for transmission (1979)

Provides a broad and easily assimilated introduction to fiber communications, requiring no more mathematical knowledge than needed for a bachelor's degree in physics, chemistry, or engineering. Reviews necessary mathematics, introducing electromagnetic theory and dielectric waveguides; presents underlying theories of propagation in multimode step index and graded index fibers, emphasizing physical models in practical situations. Covers mode coupling, the performance of joint sections, and mode and material dispersion. Includes detailed discussions of techniques for the preparation of optical fibers, factors, controlling their loss and bandwidth, and techniques for measuring, jointing, and splicing. Also includes optical fiber cables, their design, materials used in their construction, and special strength properties. Closes by examining the optical receiver and the special properties that it shows as a result of the photon or shot noise associated with the optical signal, followed by some simple modelling to see how fibers interact and can be optimized within an optical fiber system.
The Determination of Calcium in Natural Waters1 (1957)

A procedure for the determination of calcium in natural waters is presented which is faster, more precise, and more accurate than those previously described. Photometric weight titration with ethylenediamine‐tetraacetate ion in the presence of ammonium purpurate is employed following isolation of the calcium by ion‐exchange chromatography. Calcium is separated from magnesium and strontium by the use of acetylacetone as a complexing elutant. Samples of sea water from the Bahamas region were examined by this procedure, and good agreement was found with reported values determined by the classical triple oxalate procedure. The calcium content is one per cent higher than that which would be expected from the accepted calcium‐chlorinity ratio. In addition, samples from the Chesapeake Bay indicate that the sea water source for this region has a greater calcium content than would be expected from the accepted calcium‐chlorinity ratio for sea water.
Potential field methods and their inherent limitations for mobile robot navigation (2002)

Based on a rigorous mathematical analysis, the authors present a systematic overview and a critical discussion of the inherent problems of potential field methods (PFMs). The authors previously (1989) developed a PFM called the virtual force field (VFF) method. Much insight has been gained into the strengths and weaknesses of this method. Four distinct drawbacks with PFMs are identified. Because of these drawbacks, the authors abandoned potential field methods and developed a new method for fast obstacle avoidance. This method, called the vector field histogram method, produces smooth, nonoscillatory motion, while sampling time and hardware are identical to those used in the VFF method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>In vitro</i>Stimulation of CD8 and CD4 T Cells by Dendritic Cells Loaded with a Complex of Cholesterol-Bearing Hydrophobized Pullulan and NY-ESO-1 Protein: Identification of a New HLA-DR15–Binding CD4 T-Cell Epitope (2006)

These findings indicate that CHP/ESO is a promising polyvalent cancer vaccine targeting NY-ESO-1.
Argon and hydrogen plasma interactions on diamond (111) surfaces: Electronic states and structure (1993)

Photoemission spectroscopy was used to compare the effects of a hydrogen or argon plasma on natural-type 2B diamond (111) surfaces, while the diamond was heated to 350 °C. After the hydrogen plasma the surface exhibits a negative electron affinity, indicative of a hydrogen-terminated surface. In contrast, the argon plasma was found to result in a surface with a positive electron affinity of 1.0 eV, indicating the removal of hydrogen from the surface. Features characteristic of graphite were not observed. After reexposing the surface to a hydrogen plasma, the spectrum was identical to the spectrum obtained after the initial hydrogen plasma.
BEATING TRAFFIC IN BANGKOK (2000)

This paper discusses the project to build the world's largest viaduct, the Bang Na-Chonburi Expressway in Bangkok, Thailand, and the issues that were a key to its success. In the early 1990s, the Expressway and Transit Authority of Thailand (ETA) was created to develop a network of elevated toll motorways to relieve traffic congestion. In August 1995, the ETA signed a contract with the BBCD joint venture to build the 55km long eastern link in the network, the Bang Na-Chonburi Expressway. It would have to be planned, designed, and constructed in 53 months. To achieve this remarkable rate, the BBCD asked J Muller International (JMI) to design the viaduct with its superstructures, prepare shop drawings, and design erection equipment to enable construction of 7300 sq.m of bridge deck every week. JMI proposed an innovative solution, which used the latest advances in precast concrete segment technology, and integrated the design of the permanent structure with that of the erection equipment. The integration would play a key part in the project's ultimate success. The precast segmental spans of the viaduct are built using the span-by-span method with match cast joints. The paper describes the segmental viaducts, the main line columns, the segmental precasting, and the ramp structures of the project.
Decision Tree Induction in High Dimensional, Hierarchically Distributed Databases (2005)

Classification based on decision trees is one of the important problems in data mining and has applications in many fields. In recent years, database systems have become highly distributed, and distributed system paradigms such as federated and peer-to-peer databases are being adopted. In this paper, we consider the problem of inducing decision trees in a large distributed network of high dimensional databases. Our work is motivated by the existence of distributed databases in healthcare and in bioinformatics, and by the vision that these database are soon to contain large amounts of genomic data, characterized by its high dimensionality. Current decision tree algorithms would require high communication bandwidth when executed on such data, which is not likely to exist in large-scale distributed systems. We present an algorithm that sharply reduces the communication overhead by sending just a fraction of the statistical data. A fraction which is nevertheless sufficient to derive the exact same decision tree learned by a sequential learner on all the data in the network. Extensive experiments using standard synthetic SNP data show that the algorithm utilizes the high dependency among attributes, typical to genomic data, to reduce communication overhead by up to 99%. Scalability tests show that the algorithm scales well with both the size of the dataset, the dimensionality of the data, and the size of the distributed system.
Discovery of <i>O</i>-Alkylamino-Tethered Niclosamide Derivatives as Potent and Orally Bioavailable Anticancer Agents (2013)

Niclosamide has been identified to potently inhibit the activation, nuclear translocation, and transactivation of STAT3. Nevertheless, the poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability of niclosamide has hindered its further clinical development for cancer therapy. To discover new molecules with enhanced drug-like properties, a series of novel <i>O</i>-alkylamino tethered derivatives of niclosamide have been designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. Among them, compound <b>11</b> (<b>HJC0152</b>) has been demonstrated to significantly suppress MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumor growth <i>in vivo</i> (i.p. & p.o.), indicating its great potential as efficacious and orally bioavailable therapeutics for human cancer.
Binary kernel matrices of maximum exponents of polar codes of dimensions up to sixteen (2015)

The pioneering work of Arikan on polar codes is based on a kernel matrix of dimension two and exponent 0.5. To achieve larger exponent in order to improve performance, kernel matrices of larger dimensions are considered. In this paper, constructions of binary kernel matrices of dimensions up to 16 with maximum exponents are presented. The results show that the minimum dimension for which there exists a kernel matrix with exponent greater than 0.5, i.e., exceeds the exponent of the kernel matrix proposed by Arikan, is 15.
Assessment of accuracy of daily set-ups in prostate radiotherapy using electronic imaging. (1999)

The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy, using electronic portal imaging, of daily set-ups, in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma. We used a scanning liquid ion chamber to assess the accuracy of set-ups in 25 consecutive patients undergoing a 6 1/2 week course of radiotherapy to the prostate. Electronic images (EPIs) were collected during 33 treatments to each of four ports. The positions of anatomical structures on the EPIs were compared with the same structures seen on digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) made after CT simulation before beginning radiotherapy. Displacements of the EPIs compared with the DRRs were computer-calculated in millimetres in lateral, longitudinal and rotational directions for each port. 11 patients had ports moved because of discrepancies between the EPIs and the DRRs; eight required moves in the first five treatments to correct systematic (simulator) errors. In the right-left and anterior-posterior directions, nearly 95% of the EPIs were within 5 mm of the simulated port position. In the superior-inferior direction, 98% of the ports were within 5 mm of the simulated port position. Two patients had in-plane rotational errors on the lateral ports (8 degrees and 10 degrees respectively). It was concluded that daily electronic imaging is an effective technique for assessing the accuracy of set-ups in prostate radiotherapy.
Virulence gene profiling of enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) Escherichia coli strains: a basis for molecular risk assessment of typical and atypical EPEC strains (2011)

The OI-122 encoded nleB gene was found to be most closely associated with Cluster 1 strains and may serve as a diagnostic tool for the identification of virulent EHEC and EPEC seropathotypes. OI-71 encoded genes nleA, nleF and nleH1-2 are less associated with Cluster 1 strains. EHEC-plasmid, OI-57 and CP-933 associated genes showed only weak similarities with virulent Cluster 1 EHEC and EPEC strains.
Design of High Temperature EMI Input Filter for a 2 kW HVDC-fed Inverter (2010)

In this paper, a high temperature EMI input filter for a SiC JFET inverter is designed and tested in operating conditions at 200°C. Inverter EMI issues, design procedure and characterizations of selected components are presented in details. The feasability based on industrially available materials and components is demonstrated with a low temperature dependence of EMI Spectrum.
Blood flow in deep abdominal and pelvic vessels: ultrasonic pulsed-Doppler analysis. (1985)

Ultrasonic pulsed-Doppler signals from deep-lying vessels in the normal abdomen and pelvis are described. The signal characteristics combine to produce a Doppler "signature" that is specific for each vessel. The clinical potential of this method of deep flow detection is considered in relation to three areas of Doppler signal analysis: first, qualitative indication of the presence, direction, or absence of flow in a structure; second, more quantitative description of time velocity waveforms and Doppler spectral content; and third, the estimation of absolute volume flow. Limitations of these methods for the abdominal signals obtained are discussed.
Rapid manufacturing of metallic objects (2012)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review additive and/or subtractive manufacturing methods for metallic objects and their gradual evolution from prototyping tools to rapid manufacture of actual parts. Design/methodology/approach Various existing rapid manufacturing (RM) methods have been classified into six groups, namely, CNC machining laminated manufacturing, powder‐bed technologies, deposition technologies, hybrid technologies and rapid casting technologies and discussed in detail. The RM methods have been further classified, based on criteria such as material, raw material form, energy source, etc. The process capabilities springing from these classifications are captured in the form of a table, which acts as a database. Findings Due to the approximation in RM in exchange for total automation, a variety of multi‐faceted and hybrid approaches has to be adopted. This study helps in choosing the appropriate RM process among these myriad technologies. Originality/value This review facilitates identification of appropriate RM process for a given situation and sets the framework for design for RM.
SMART SET - An Integrated Approach to Stepper Set-Up and Calibration (1986)

We report here the development of SMART SET', an expert system designed to complement the GCA DSW Wafer Stepperg, such that closed loop feedback for stepper set-up and calibration is realized. In particular, SMART SET' enables the user to monitor and optimize overlay and utilization performance. Measurements are obtained directly from the automated local alignment and history file systems of the stepper. An analysis package which embodies the expertise of stepper applications engineers provides rapid feedback of the system corrections required to sustain optimum stepper performance.
27. Promoters for the dropwise condensation of steam. Part I. Preparation of compounds containing monofunctional sulphur groups (1957)

L. C. F. Blackman and M. J. S. Dewar, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 162 DOI: 10.1039/JR9570000162
Hyperabrupt-doped GaAs nonlinear transmission line for picosecond shock-wave generation (1989)

Voltage waveforms with 6 V amplitude and 1.6 ps fall time were generated by voltage shock-wave formation on a hyperabrupt-doped Schottky diode monolithic GaAs nonlinear transmission line.