gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CVOTING: An Anonymous Ballot E-Voting System (2018)

One of the concerns of adopting an e-voting systems in the pooling place of any critical elections is the possibility of compromising the voting machine by a malicious piece of code, which could change the votes cast systematically. To address this issue, different techniques have been proposed such as the use of vote verification techniques and the anonymous ballot techniques, e.g., Code Voting. Verifiability may help to detect such attack, while the Code Voting assists to reduce the possibility of attack occurrence. In this paper, a new code voting technique is proposed, implemented and tested, with the aid of an open source voting. The anonymous ballot improved accordingly the paper audit trail used in this machine. The developed system, which we called CVOTING, further demonstrated the efficacy of the Code Voting technique against systematic vote change attacks and provides some features to make it easily configurable for different elections and elections in countries with right-to-left and up-to-down languages.
Full 3D Simulation of 6T-SRAM Cells for the 22nm Node (2009)

6T-SRAM cell designs for the 22 nm node are compared via full 3-dimensional cell simulation with Sentaurus (v.2008.09), to allow the benefits of advanced MOSFET structures to be accurately assessed. Segmented MOSFET (SegFET) technology provides for enhanced read stability and write-ability, as compared to conventional planar and tri-gate technologies. It also provides for improved SRAM cell yield, primarily because of improved robustness to process-induced variations, and improved immunity to soft errors.
Growth cones in developing cultured cortical neurons. (1987)

Large numbers of growth cones were present in 6-day-old primary cultures of cerebral hemispheres from fetal rats. The average size of the growth cones was 24 by 28 microns. Many of these growth cones had both veil-like lamellipodia and filopodia. A few cones remained in 21-day-old cultures. These also had lamellipodia and filopodia. Ganglioside GM1 was present in both 6-day-old and 21-day-old cultured growth cones.
Detection of Poultry and Pork in Cooked and Canned Meat Foods by Enzyme-LinkedImmunosorbent Assays (1988)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are described for the detection of poultry and pork in cooked and canned meat foods. These assays are based on species-specific, polyclonal antibodies raised against heat-resistant antigens. The heat-resistant antigens were isolated from raw skeletal muscle tissue of pork and chicken and were found to be immunoreactive even after heating to 120 degrees C for 15 min. The poultry ELISA could detect chicken or turkey at the 126 ppm level, and the pork ELISA could detect pork at the 250 ppm level. Samples of frankfurters, bolognas, pressed meats, canned baby foods, and canned spreads were prepared by simple aqueous extractions.
On the design of the coronary arterial tree: a generalization of Murray's law (1999)

Murray's law has been generalized to provide morphometric relationships among various subtrees as well as between a feeding segment and the subtree it perfuses. The equivalent resistance of each subtree is empirically determined to be proportional to the cube of a subtree's cumulative arterial length (L) and inversely proportional to a subtree's arterial volume (V) raised to a power of approximately 2.6. This relationship, along with a minimization of a cost function, and a linearity assumption between flow and cumulative arterial length, provides a power law relationship between V and L. These results, in conjunction with conservation of energy, yield relationships between the diameter of a segment and the length of its distal subtree. The relationships were tested based on a complete set of anatomical data of the coronary arterial trees using two models. The first model, called the truncated tree model, is an actual reconstruction of the coronary arterial tree down to 500 microm in diameter. The second model, called the symmetric tree model, satisfies all mean anatomical data down to the capillary vessels. Our results show very good agreement between the theoretical formulation and the measured anatomical data, which may provide insight into the design of the coronary arterial tree. Furthermore, the established relationships between the various morphometric parameters of the truncated tree model may provide a basis for assessing the extent of diffuse coronary artery disease.
<i>S</i>equence‐specific <i>M</i>ethyltransferase‐<i>I</i>nduced <i>L</i>abel<i>ing</i> of DNA (SMILing DNA) (2004)

Abstract A new concept for sequence‐specific labeling of DNA by using chemically modified cofactors for DNA methyltransferases is presented. Replacement of the amino acid side chain of the natural cofactor S ‐adenosyl‐ L ‐methionine with an aziridine group leads to a cofactor suitable for DNA methyltransferase‐catalyzed sequence‐specific coupling with DNA. Sequence‐specifically fluorescently labeled plasmid DNA was obtained by using the DNA methyltransferase from Thermus aquaticus (M. Taq I) as catalyst and attaching a fluorophore to the aziridine cofactor. First results suggest that all classes of DNA methyltransferases with different recognition sequences can be used. In addition, this novel method for DNA labeling should be applicable to a wide variety of reporter groups.
New Amines for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture. III. Effect of Alkyl Chain Length between Amine Functions on Polyamines Degradation (2010)

This study examines degradation of five tertiary polyamines (di- and triamines) in the presence of CO2 or O2. They were chosen to identify the impact of alkyl chain length between amine functions. Degradation of aqueous amine solutions was evaluated at 140 °C under CO2 or air pressure (2 MPa) in stainless steel batch reactors for 15 days. At the end of the run, most degradation products were identified by gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry; amounts of remaining amine and its degradation products were determined with a quantitative GC method. The main degradation mechanisms are proposed, and some structure−properties relationships are established.
Induction of the Mammalian GRP78/BiP Gene by Ca <sup>2+</sup> Depletion and Formation of Aberrant Proteins: Activation of the Conserved Stress-Inducible <i>grp</i> Core Promoter Element by the Human Nuclear Factor YY1 (1997)

Previously, we have identified a constitutive nuclear factor, p70CORE, from HeLa cell nuclear extract which interacts specifically with the stress-inducible change region (SICR) of the grp78 promoter. Here we report that p70CORE is identical to YY1, a member of the GLI zinc finger family, by criteria of biochemical properties including apparent molecular weight, binding site homology, immunoreactivity, and affinity purification. Recombinant YY1 binds the double-stranded SICR with high specificity but has no affinity for its single-stranded form. In cotransfection studies, YY1 specifically enhanced the transcriptional activation of the grp78 promoter under a variety of stress conditions: depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores, protein glycosylation block, and formation of aberrant proteins by azetidine treatment. In contrast, YY1 has minimal effect on the stress induction of the hsp70 promoter. YY1 enhancement of the grp78 stress response is dependent on its DNA-binding domain, with little effect on the basal expression of the promoter. The effect of YY1 transactivation may be mediated by the highly conserved grp78 core element. This is the first example of the ubiquitous factor YY1 involved in regulating inducible gene expression and its involvement in mediating stress signals generated from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus.
[CT guided radio frequency ablation as a treatment of pelvis tumor]. (2009)

CT guided CT guided radio frequency ablation is an effective methods in the treatment of pelvis tumor.
CTCF Interacts with and Recruits the Largest Subunit of RNA Polymerase II to CTCF Target Sites Genome-Wide (2007)

CTCF is a transcription factor with highly versatile functions ranging from gene activation and repression to the regulation of insulator function and imprinting. Although many of these functions rely on CTCF-DNA interactions, it is an emerging realization that CTCF-dependent molecular processes involve CTCF interactions with other proteins. In this study, we report the association of a subpopulation of CTCF with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) protein complex. We identified the largest subunit of Pol II (LS Pol II) as a protein significantly colocalizing with CTCF in the nucleus and specifically interacting with CTCF in vivo and in vitro. The role of CTCF as a link between DNA and LS Pol II has been reinforced by the observation that the association of LS Pol II with CTCF target sites in vivo depends on intact CTCF binding sequences. "Serial" chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis revealed that both CTCF and LS Pol II were present at the beta-globin insulator in proliferating HD3 cells but not in differentiated globin synthesizing HD3 cells. Further, a single wild-type CTCF target site (N-Myc-CTCF), but not the mutant site deficient for CTCF binding, was sufficient to activate the transcription from the promoterless reporter gene in stably transfected cells. Finally, a ChIP-on-ChIP hybridization assay using microarrays of a library of CTCF target sites revealed that many intergenic CTCF target sequences interacted with both CTCF and LS Pol II. We discuss the possible implications of our observations with respect to plausible mechanisms of transcriptional regulation via a CTCF-mediated direct link of LS Pol II to the DNA.
Analysis of electromagnetic and thermal fields in an induction motor with broken-bars fault (2008)

In this paper, the time-stepping coupled finite element models of a squirrel-cage induction motor in healthy and faulty states are developed. The stator current, rotor bar current and the end-ring current are calculated using the model respectively when the motor works at healthy state, one-broken-bar fault and adjacent two-broken-bar fault states. Aiming at the difficulty of determining the forced boundary condition, when traditionally solving the electrical machine stator or rotor temperature field, a two-dimensional model and a finite element model of a stator-rotor coupled temperature field over the whole cross section of a squirrel-cage induction motor are developed. The steady stator-rotor coupled temperature fields of the motor under rated load at the above three conditions are calculated respectively. The temperature rises of the motor operating at three conditions are compared and the influence of the number of broken bars on the motor temperature field is analyzed. The temperature field model can be applied to the temperature field analysis of other induction motors without axial cooling whether they are with healthy rotors or broken bars. The validity of models and the correctness of the calculated values are verified by experimental results derived from a prototype motor. From the variations of the motor electromagnetic field and temperature field, some valuable idea can be proposed to the broken bars fault diagnosis.
New devices to deliver somatosensory stimuli during functional MRI (2001)

A new class of devices are described for improving investigation of somatosensory neuronal activation using fMRI. Dubbed magnetomechanical vibrotactile devices (MVDs), the principle of operation involves driving wire coils with small oscillatory currents in the large static magnetic field inherent to MRI scanners. The resulting Lorentz forces can be oriented to generate large vibrations that are easily converted to translational motions as large as several centimeters. Representative data demonstrate the flexibility of MVDs to generate different well-controlled vibratory and tactile stimuli to activate special proprioceptive and cutaneous somatosensory afferent pathways. The implications of these data are discussed with respect to the literature on existing devices for producing sensorimotor activation, as well as expanding the scope of current fMRI investigations.
Type 1 diabetes compromises plasma arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in newborn babies (2004)

The activity of delta6- and delta5-desaturase, enzymes required for the synthesis of AA and DHA, are impaired in human and experimental diabetes. We have investigated whether neonates of type 1 diabetic women have compromised plasma AA and DHA at birth. Cord blood was obtained from healthy babies born to mothers with (n = 31) and without (n = 59) type 1 diabetes. FA composition of plasma choline phosphoglycerides (CPG), TG, and cholesterol esters (CE) was assayed. The neonates of the diabetics had lower levels of AA (20:4n-6, P< 0.0001), adrenic acid (22:4n-6, P < 0.01), sigman-6 metabolites (P < 0.0001), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3, P < 0.0001), DHA (22:6n-3, P < 0.0001), sigman-3 (P < 0.0001), and sigman-3 metabolites (P< 0.0001) in CPG compared with the corresponding babies of the nondiabetic mothers. Similarly, they had lower levels of AA (P< 0.05), sigman-6 metabolites (P < 0.05), DHA (P< 0.0001), and sigman-3 metabolites (P< 0.01) in plasma CE. There was also a nonsignificant reduction of AA and DHA in TG in the babies of the diabetic group. The current investigation indicates that healthy neonates born to mothers with type 1 diabetes have highly compromised levels of AA and DHA. These nutrients are of critical importance for neurovisual and vascular system development. In poorly controlled maternal diabetes, it is conceivable that the relative "insufficiency" of AA and DHA may exacerbate speech and reading impairments, behavioral disorders, suboptimal performance on developmental tests, and lower IQ, which have been reported in some children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanism for this biochemical abnormality and its implications for fetal and infant development.
BORG: a knowledge-based system for the automation of image segmentation tasks (1995)

A knowledge-based system that automates the execution of image segmentation processes is presented. Given an image and a set of segmentation tasks, our system, named BORG, generates, performs and optimises the processing of classical segmentation operators, in order to produce new images that satisfy these tasks. Such a system must have capabilities for self-configuration to different segmentation tasks and to different image classes. The authors describe the design principles for building image segmentation applications based on the generation of a graph of operators that can deal with the whole set of images belonging to some given class. A model of the hierarchical and incremental planning process used for building this graph is presented and the system architecture is discussed. An application dealing with biomedical images is also described.
Diversity of Monomers in Nonribosomal Peptides: towards the Prediction of Origin and Biological Activity (2010)

Nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) are molecules produced by microorganisms that have a broad spectrum of biological activities and pharmaceutical applications (e.g., antibiotic, immunomodulating, and antitumor activities). One particularity of the NRPs is the biodiversity of their monomers, extending far beyond the 20 proteogenic amino acid residues. Norine, a comprehensive database of NRPs, allowed us to review for the first time the main characteristics of the NRPs and especially their monomer biodiversity. Our analysis highlighted a significant similarity relationship between NRPs synthesized by bacteria and those isolated from metazoa, especially from sponges, supporting the hypothesis that some NRPs isolated from sponges are actually synthesized by symbiotic bacteria rather than by the sponges themselves. A comparison of peptide monomeric compositions as a function of biological activity showed that some monomers are specific to a class of activities. An analysis of the monomer compositions of peptide products predicted from genomic information (metagenomics and high-throughput genome sequencing) or of new peptides detected by mass spectrometry analysis applied to a culture supernatant can provide indications of the origin of a peptide and/or its biological activity.
Algorithm and testing software for avoiding fragmentation at the application layer (2008)

The modern recommendations regarding the IP fragmentation process is to avoid it. There are different possibilities regarding the OSI model layers to implement logic for avoiding fragmentation. The present study describes a possible algorithm about integrating the IP fragmentation avoiding logic into the application software.
Accelerator-control-system interface for intelligent power supplies (2003)

A number of high-current high-precision magnet power supplies have been installed at the proton storage ring at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Accelerator Complex. The units power large dipole magnets in the ring. These bending magnets require a high-current supply that is precise and stable. The control and interface design for these power supplies represents a departure from all others on-site. The supplies have sophisticated microprocessor control on-board and communicate with the accelerator control system via RS-422 (serial communications). The units, built by Alpha Scientific Electronics, Hayward, CA use a high-level ASCII control protocol. The low-level front-end software used by the accelerator control system has been written to accommodate these new devices. They communicate with the control system through a terminal server port connected to the site-wide ethernet backbone. Details of the software implementation for the analog and digital control of the supplies through the accelerator control system are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Attitude Determination Using a MEMS-Based Flight Information Measurement Unit (2011)

Obtaining precise attitude information is essential for aircraft navigation and control. This paper presents the results of the attitude determination using an in-house designed low-cost MEMS-based flight information measurement unit. This study proposes a quaternion-based extended Kalman filter to integrate the traditional quaternion and gravitational force decomposition methods for attitude determination algorithm. The proposed extended Kalman filter utilizes the evolution of the four elements in the quaternion method for attitude determination as the dynamic model, with the four elements as the states of the filter. The attitude angles obtained from the gravity computations and from the electronic magnetic sensors are regarded as the measurement of the filter. The immeasurable gravity accelerations are deduced from the outputs of the three axes accelerometers, the relative accelerations, and the accelerations due to body rotation. The constraint of the four elements of the quaternion method is treated as a perfect measurement and is integrated into the filter computation. Approximations of the time-varying noise variances of the measured signals are discussed and presented with details through Taylor series expansions. The algorithm is intuitive, easy to implement, and reliable for long-term high dynamic maneuvers. Moreover, a set of flight test data is utilized to demonstrate the success and practicality of the proposed algorithm and the filter design.
Influence of IN‐1 antibody and acidic FGF‐fibrin glue on the response of injured corticospinal tract axons to human Schwann cell grafts (1997)

Two strategies have been shown by others to improve CST regeneration following thoracic spinal cord injury: 1) the administration of a monoclonal antibody, IN-1, raised against a myelin-associated, neurite growth inhibitory protein, and 2) the delivery of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) in fibrin glue in association with peripheral nerve grafts. Because autologous transplantation of human Schwann cells (SCs) is a potential strategy for CNS repair, we evaluated the ability of these two molecular agents to induce CST regeneration into human SC grafts placed to span a midthoracic spinal cord transection in the adult nude rat, a xenograft tolerant strain. IN-1 or control (HRP) antibodies were delivered to the injury/graft region by encapsulated hybridoma cells (“IN-1 ravioli”) or daily infusion of hybridoma culture supernatant; aFGF-fibrin glue was placed in the same region in other animals. Anterograde tracing from the motor cortex using the dextran amine tracers, Fluororuby (FR) and biotinylated dextran amine (BDA), was performed. Thirty-five days after grafting, the CST response was evaluated qualitatively by looking for regenerated CST fibers in or beyond grafts and quantitatively by constructing camera lucida composites to determine the sprouting index (SI), the position of the maximum termination density (MTD) rostral to the GFAP-defined host/graft interface, and the longitudinal spread (LS) of bulbous end terminals. The latter two measures provided information about axonal die-back. In control animals (graft only), the CST did not enter the SC graft and underwent axonal die-back [SI = 1.4 ± 0.1, MTD = 2.0 ± 0.2, LS = 1.3 ± 0.3, (n = 3)]. Results of IN-1 delivery from ravioli did not differ from controls, but injections of IN-1-containing supernatant resulted in a significant degree of sprouting but did not prevent axonal die-back [SI = 1.9 ± 0.1, MTD = 1.5 ± 0.2, LS = 1.1 ± 0.1, (n = 7)] and traced fibers did not enter grafts. Acidic FGF dramatically reduced axonal die-back and caused sprouting [SI = 2.0 ± 0.1 (n = 5), MTD = 0.5 ± 0.04 (n = 6), LS = 0.4 ± 0.1 (n = 6)]. Some traced fibers entered SC grafts and in 2/6 cases entered the distal interface. We conclude that 1) human SC grafts alone do not support the regeneration of injured CST fibers and do not prevent die-back, 2) grafts plus IN-1 antibody-containing supernatant support some sprouting but die-back continues, and 3) grafts plus aFGF-fibrin glue support regeneration of some fibers into the grafts and reduce die-back. J. Neurosci. Res. 50:888–905, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Short synthesis of camptothecin (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTShort synthesis of camptothecinJoel C. Bradley and George. BuechiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 4, 699–701Publication Date (Print):February 20, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 20 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00866a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00866a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views317Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts