gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of GTPases in Bacterial Ribosome Assembly (2009)

The assembly of the ribosome, a complex molecular machine composed of RNA and protein, is a poorly understood process. Recent work has demonstrated that GTPases are likely to play key roles in the assembly of ribosomes in bacteria and eukaryotes. This review highlights several bacterial ribosome assembly GTPases (RA-GTPases) and discusses possible functions for these proteins in the biogenesis of individual ribosomal subunits and subunit joining. RA-GTPases appear to link various aspects of the cell cycle and metabolism with translation. How these RA-GTPases may coordinate these connections are discussed.
The Future of Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Surveillance: A Systemic Review on Immunotherapy and Immuno-PET Radiotracers (2021)

Immunotherapy is an effective therapeutic option for several cancers. In the last years, the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shifted the therapeutic landscape in oncology and improved patient prognosis in a variety of neoplastic diseases. However, to date, the selection of the best patients eligible for these therapies, as well as the response assessment is still challenging. Patients are mainly stratified using an immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of antigens on biopsy specimens, such as PD-L1 and PD-1, on tumor cells, on peritumoral immune cells and/or in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, the use and development of imaging biomarkers able to assess in-vivo cancer-related processes are becoming more important. Today, positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-D-glucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) is used routinely to evaluate tumor metabolism, and also to predict and monitor response to immunotherapy. Although highly sensitive, FDG-PET in general is rather unspecific. Novel radiopharmaceuticals (immuno-PET radiotracers), able to identify specific immune system targets, are under investigation in pre-clinical and clinical settings to better highlight all the mechanisms involved in immunotherapy. In this review, we will provide an overview of the main new immuno-PET radiotracers in development. We will also review the main players (immune cells, tumor cells and molecular targets) involved in immunotherapy. Furthermore, we report current applications and the evidence of using [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET in immunotherapy, including the use of artificial intelligence (AI).
Occurrence of Arthralgia and Specific IgM Antibodies Three to Four Years After Ockelbo Disease (1988)

Journal Article Occurrence of Arthralgia and Specific IgM Antibodies Three to Four Years After Ockelbo Disease Get access Bo Niklasson, Bo Niklasson Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, and the Swedish National Defense Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Please address requests for reprints to Dr.Bo Niklasson, Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, S-105 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Äke Espmark, Äke Espmark Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, and the Swedish National Defense Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jan Lundström Jan Lundström Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, and the Swedish National Defense Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 157, Issue 4, April 1988, Pages 832–835, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/157.4.832 Published: 01 April 1988 Article history Received: 04 May 1987 Revision received: 02 October 1987 Published: 01 April 1988
Ridged Waveguide Applicators for Uniform Microwave Heating of Sheet Materials (1984)

This paper contains an analysis of wave propagation in ridged rectangular waveguides used as single pass applicators for treating thin dielectric sheet materials with microwave power. Two waveguide configurations with double-tapered and double-inclined ridges symmetrically placed about the center, and loaded with lossy dielectric webs are investigated. The variation of the attenuation coefficient and specific microwave power absorption is illustrated as a function of angle of tapering or inclination. The computed results are given for the standard heating frequency of 2.45 GHz.
Effects of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 on Aortic Endothelial Cells (1991)

In staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome, hypotension and shock due to capillary leak may rapidly lead to death of the host. To investigate its pathogenesis, the cytotoxic effects of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) on porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) were examined in vitro. TSST-1 killed PAEC (as measured by 51Cr release) in a dose- and time-dependent fashion and was blocked by anti-TSST-1 antibodies. Receptor-mediated endocytosis may be critical for the cytotoxic effects of TSST-1, as killing was inhibited by cold (4 degrees C) and by addition of chloroquine and methylamine. Furthermore, calcium and oxygen appeared necessary for TSST-1 effects on PAEC. Membrane receptor binding studies indicated PAEC bind TSST-1 with high affinity (Kd = 5.7 x 10(-7) M) and had 2.2 x 10(4) receptors/cell. Last, as measured by 125I-labeled albumin flux in a transendothelial permeability model, TSST-1 enhanced the permeability of PAEC monolayers in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
Trickle: a userland bandwidth shaper for Unix-like systems (2005)

As with any finite resource, it is often necessary to apply policies to the shared usage of network resources. Existing solutions typically implement this by employing traffic management in edge routers. However, users of smaller networks regularly find themselves in need of nothing more than ad-hoc rate limiting. Such networks are typically unmanaged, with no network administrator(s) to manage complicated traffic management schemes. Trickle bridges this gap by providing a simple and portable solution to rate limit the TCP connections of a given process or group of processes.

Trickle takes advantage of the Unix dynamic loader's preloading functionality to interposition itself in front of the BSD socket API provided by the system's libc. Running entirely in user space, shapes network traffic by delaying and truncating socket I/Os without requiring administrator privileges. Instances of Trickle can cooperate, even across networks allowing for the specification of global rate limiting policies. Due to the prevalence of BSD sockets and dynamic loaders, Trickle enjoys the benefit of portability accross a multitude of Unix-like platforms.
Query relaxation using malleable schemas (2007)

In contrast to classical databases and IR systems, real-world information systems have to deal increasingly with very vague and diverse structures for information management and storage that cannot be adequately handled yet. While current object-relational database systems require clear and unified data schemas, IR systems usually ignore the structured information completely. Malleable schemas, as recently introduced, provide a novel way to deal with vagueness, ambiguity and diversity by incorporating imprecise and overlapping definitions of data structures. In this paper, we propose a novel query relaxation scheme that enables users to find best matching information by exploiting malleable schemas to effectively query vaguely structured information. Our scheme utilizes duplicates in differently described data sets to discover the correlations within a malleable schema, and then uses these correlations to appropriately relax the users' queries. In addition, it ranks results of the relaxed query according to their respective probability of satisfying the original query's intent. We have implemented the scheme and conducted extensive experiments with real-world data to confirm its performance and practicality.
Lower Extremity Mechanics in Runners with a Converted Forefoot Strike Pattern (2000)

Runners are sometimes advised to alter their strike pattern as a means of increasing performance or in response to injury. The purpose of this study was to compare lower extremity mechanics of rearfoot strikers (RFS), who were instructed to run with a forefoot strike pattern (CFFS) to those of a preferred forefoot striker (FFS). Three-dimensional mechanics of 9 FFS and 9 CFFS were evaluated. Peak values for most kinematic and kinetic variables and all patterns of movement were not found to be statistically different between CFFS and FFS. Only peak vertical ground reaction force and peak ankle plantarflexion moment were found to be significantly lower ( p ≤ .05) in the CFFS group. This suggests that RFS are able to assume a FFS pattern with very little practice that is very similar to that of a preferred FFS. The impact of changing one's strike pattern on injury risk and running performance needs further study.
Induction and Characterization of Multianalyte Antibodies Against Penicillins in Egg Yolk (1997)

Antibodies against penicillins were induced in eggs of laying hens after immunization with 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) coupled to key-hole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Development of the antibody titer was monitored by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with 6-APA coupled to ovalbumin as antigen for coating microtiter plates. Different characteristics (time course, affinity) of the immune reaction were observed by testing eggs of individual hens. Titer values varied between 150 and 2000. Antibodies were isolated by polyethylene glycol precipitation and affinity chromatography, using a hapten sorbent with 6-APA as ligand. Glycine buffer, pH 3.0, was used to elute the immunoglobulins. Antibody specificity was determined in a competitive ELISA with 7 penicillins and the cephalosporin cephalexin as competitors. Cross reactivities for the penicillins were between 100 and 290% (6-APA = 100%). Cephalexin cross reacted only marginally (3%).
DeRF: Decomposed Radiance Fields (2021)

With the advent of Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), neural networks can now render novel views of a 3D scene with quality that fools the human eye. Yet, generating these images is very computationally intensive, limiting their applicability in practical scenarios. In this paper, we propose a technique based on spatial decomposition capable of mitigating this issue. Our key observation is that there are diminishing returns in employing larger (deeper and/or wider) networks. Hence, we propose to spatially decompose a scene and dedicate smaller networks for each decomposed part. When working together, these networks can render the whole scene. This allows us near-constant inference time regardless of the number of decomposed parts. Moreover, we show that a Voronoi spatial decomposition is preferable for this purpose, as it is provably compatible with the Painter’s Algorithm for efficient and GPU-friendly rendering. Our experiments show that for real-world scenes, our method provides up to 3× more efficient inference than NeRF (with the same rendering quality), or an improvement of up to 1.0 dB in PSNR (for the same inference cost).
Converse magneto-electric coefficient of concentric multiferroic composite ring (2016)

The converse magnetoelectric (CME) coefficient of an artificial, multiferroic composite cylinder was determined for two interface boundary conditions; specifically epoxy-bonded and shrink-fit. The composite consists of two concentrically bonded rings with the inner and outer rings made from Terfenol-D and lead zirconate titanate, respectively. The diameter of the inner annulus was 25 mm, and the outer ring diameter was 30 mm. Electric fields ranging from 20 kV/m to 80 kV/m with AC components cycling at frequencies from 4 kHz to 50 kHz were applied for actuation of the composite. A magnetic bias field from 0 Oe to 2300 Oe was applied for enhancement of the CME coefficient. It has been found that the maximum CME for epoxy-bonded rings occurs at lower bias magnetic field than shrink-fitted rings. Resonance for the epoxy-bonded composite was found to be 36 kHz whereas the resonant frequency for the shrink-fit structure was 34 kHz. The maximum CME coefficients were approximately 535 mG/V at 100 Vpp and 330 mG/V at 400 Vpp for the epoxy-bonded and shrink-fit configurations, respectively.
Creatine supplementation improves the anaerobic performance of elite junior fin swimmers (2009)

The objective of this study was to determine whether creatine supplementation (CrS) could improve mechanical power output, and swimming performance in highly trained junior competitive fin swimmers. Sixteen male fin swimmers (age:15.9+/-1.6 years) were randomly and evenly assigned to either a creatine (CR, 4x5 g/day creatine monohydrate for 5 days) or placebo group (P, same dose of a dextrose-ascorbic acid placebo) in a double-blind research. Before and after CrS the average power output was determined by a Bosco-test and the swimming time was measured in two maximal 100 m fin swims. After five days of CrS the average power of one minute continuous rebound jumps increased by 20.2%. The lactate concentration was significantly less after 5 minutes restitution at the second measurement in both groups. The swimming time was significantly reduced in both first (pre: 50.69+/-1.41 s; post: 48.86+/-1.34 s) and second (pre: 50.39+/-1.38 s; post: 48.53+/-1.35 s) sessions of swimming in CR group, but remained almost unchanged in the P group.The results of this study indicate that five day Cr supplementation enhances the dynamic strength and may increase anaerobic metabolism in the lower extremity muscles, and improves performance in consecutive maximal swims in highly trained adolescent fin swimmers.
Smart Sensors Enable Smart Air Conditioning Control (2014)

In this study, mobile phones, wearable devices, temperature and human motion detectors are integrated as smart sensors for enabling smart air conditioning control. Smart sensors obtain feedback, especially occupants' information, from mobile phones and wearable devices placed on human body. The information can be used to adjust air conditioners in advance according to humans' intentions, in so-called intention causing control. Experimental results show that the indoor temperature can be controlled accurately with errors of less than ±0.1 °C. Rapid cool down can be achieved within 2 min to the optimized indoor capacity after occupants enter a room. It's also noted that within two-hour operation the total compressor output of the smart air conditioner is 48.4% less than that of the one using On-Off control. The smart air conditioner with wearable devices could detect the human temperature and activity during sleep to determine the sleeping state and adjusting the sleeping function flexibly. The sleeping function optimized by the smart air conditioner with wearable devices could reduce the energy consumption up to 46.9% and keep the human health. The presented smart air conditioner could provide a comfortable environment and achieve the goals of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Recent advances in prion biology (2004)

Purpose of review Prion diseases continue to present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to clinicians and researchers worldwide. Many important aspects of prion biology remain unclear, and we still do not understand the nature of the infectious agent, the mechanisms leading to central nervous system damage, and the physiological function of the cellular prion protein. The current diagnostic tools for prion infections are breathtakingly insensitive when compared with those of other infectious diseases. Finally, there are hardly any therapeutic strategies. However, not all is gloomy, and many recent developments have advanced our basic understanding of prion diseases. Recent findings In most prion infections, the portal of entry is extraneural. Although we still do not understand all details, several molecules and cell types have been identified as key players in prion neuroinvasion. These include lymphotoxins and their receptors, follicular dendritic cells, and the autonomic nervous system. These advances in knowledge are spurring the exploration of strategies for postexposure prophylaxis. Summary The prion phenomenon is, at the same time, the cause of horrible diseases, and a fascinating biological enigma. The scope of this review is to discuss a selection of novel findings in prion research.
Comprehensive gene expression analysis of peroxisome proliferator-treated immortalized hepatocytes: identification of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-dependent growth regulatory genes. (2003)

Chemicals known as peroxisome proliferators (PPs) are the subject of intense study because of their ability to cause hepatocellular carcinoma in laboratory rodents. These chemicals act through a family of proteins termed the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), in particular PPARalpha. It has become increasingly apparent that the role of the PPs in the development of cancer encompasses many different aspects of cell growth regulation. Immortalized hepatocytes from wild-type (PPARalpha(+/+)) and PPARalpha(-/-) mice were generated using a temperature-sensitive SV40 virus. Characterization of the murine SV40 hepatocytes (MuSH) generated from both genotypes (MuSHalpha(+/+), MuSHalpha(-/-)) show markers of differentiation such as albumin expression, but is devoid of Kupffer cell contamination. Hallmark PPARalpha-mediated responses such as induction of acyl-CoA oxidase mRNA by PPs are present in the MuSHalpha(+/+) but are absent in MuSHalpha(-/-) cells. In contrast to most cell culture systems, the wild-type MuSH hepatocytes retain the mitogenic activity of PPs, whereas the MuSHalpha(-/-) does not respond in this manner, thus making this cell culture system an ideal tool to examine growth regulatory gene expression affected by PPs. Microarray experiments performed on both cell types identified many genes in which regulation is dependent on the presence of PPARalpha, and these changes were verified with reverse transcriptase-PCR. Genes involved in carcinogenesis and control of the cell cycle that are regulated by PPs in a PPARalpha-dependent manner include ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase 37 (also known as UCT-L5) and cyclin T1. These results show that MuSH cells reflect the biological properties of both the wild-type and PPARalpha-null animals and can be used to identify novel PPARalpha-regulated genes that could be involved in regulation of the cell cycle and carcinogenesis.
The effect of tangible interfaces on children's collaborative behaviour (2002)

The physical nature of the classroom means that children are continually divided into small groups. The present study examined collaboration on a story creation task using technologies believed to encourage and support collaborative behaviour. Four children used tangible technologies over three sessions. The technology consisted of a large visual display in which they could input content (using Personal Digital Assistants (Pda) and a scanner), record sounds (using RF-ID tags) and navigate around the environment using an arrangement of sensors called 'the magic carpet'. The children could then retell their story using bar-coded images and sounds. The three sessions were video recorded and analysed. Results indicate the importance of immediate feedback and visibility of action for effective collaboration to take place.
Foxp3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>T Cells Improve Healing After Myocardial Infarction by Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Differentiation (2014)

Our data indicate that Treg cells beneficially influence wound healing after MI by modulating monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Moreover, therapeutic activation of Treg cells constitutes a novel approach to improve healing post-MI.
Sigmoidoscopy in the Periodic Health Examination of Asymptomatic Adults (1989)

PERIODIC screening sigmoidoscopic examination of asymptomatic persons has been recommended for more than 30 years<sup>1-3</sup>as a means of reducing mortality from colorectal cancer. However, evidence supporting this recommendation is limited and expert opinion, as reflected in several recent reviews,<sup>4-8</sup>differs as to whether sigmoidoscopy should be included in the periodic health examination. Colorectal cancer, with a cumulative incidence of 5.1% in men and 3.9% in women by age 74 years,<sup>9</sup>is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. More than 145 000 new cases and 61000 deaths from this disease are expected for 1987.<sup>10</sup>Thus, screening tests that can lead to earlier detection and improved survival are needed. In addition to earlier detection, screening sigmoidoscopy may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer through removal of premalignant adenomatous polyps. In evaluating sigmoidoscopy as a screening test, it is important to distinguish between
Tobacco <i>NtLTP1</i>, a glandular‐specific lipid transfer protein, is required for lipid secretion from glandular trichomes (2011)

Glandular trichomes are the phytochemical factories of plants, and they secrete a wide range of commercially important natural products such as lipids, terpenes and flavonoids. Herein, we report that the Nicotiana tabacum LTP1 (NtLTP1) gene, which is specifically expressed in long glandular trichomes, plays a role in lipid secretion from trichome heads. NtLTP1 mRNA is abundantly transcribed in trichomes, but NtLTP3, NtLTP4 and NtLTP5 are not. In situ hybridization revealed that NtLTP1 mRNAs accumulate specifically in long trichomes and not in short trichomes or epidermal cells. X-gluc staining of leaves from a transgenic plant expressing the NtLTP1 promoter fused to a GUS gene revealed that NtLTP1 protein accumulated preferentially on the tops of long glandular trichomes. GFP fluorescence from transgenic tobacco plants expressing an NtLTP1-GFP fusion protein was localized at the periphery of cells and in the excreted liquid droplets from the glandular trichome heads. In vitro assays using a fluorescent 2-p-toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulfonate probe indicated that recombinant NtLTP1 had lipid-binding activity. The overexpression of NtLTP1 in transgenic tobacco plants resulted in the increased secretion of trichome exudates, including epicuticular wax. In transgenic NtLTP1-RNAi lines, liquid secretion from trichomes was strongly reduced, but epicuticular wax secretion was not altered. Moreover, transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing NtLTP1 showed increased protection against aphids. Taken together, these data suggest that NtLTP1 is abundantly expressed in long glandular trichomes, and may play a role in lipid secretion from long glandular trichomes.