gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coordination Bonding-Based Mesoporous Silica for pH-Responsive Anticancer Drug Doxorubicin Delivery (2011)

On the basis of amino group-functionalized mesoporous materials, a pH-responsive system by constructing a designable coordination bonding-based "NH2–metal–DOX" architecture in mesopores has been investigated. The DOX can be released by the cleavage of either the "NH2–metal" or the "metal–DOX" coordinate bonding in response to pH variations. Here, the strengths of coordination bondings on both sides have been designed and fabricated from the aspects of NH2 loading amount, metal ion, and the counteranion accompanying the metal ion. It has been found that (i) the increase of amino group loading led to increased release percentage of the DOX under physiological condition due to a small number of "metal–DOX" bondings resulted from too many "NH2–metal" bondings, and this tendency finally resulted in a decrease in its stability; (ii) the pH-sensitivity can be controlled by choosing the type of metal ion; and (iii) the physiological stabilities of "NH2–metal–DOX" architectures formed by various metal sources are in the decreasing order of CH3COO– > NO32– > SO42– > Cl–, indicating that different counteranions gave rise to different coordination bonding strengths of the architectures. Amino group loading amount of 2.4 mmol/g and CH3COO– counterion were suitable for "NH2–Zn–DOX" pH-responsive delivery system, which was stable under physiological condition, while it was unstable with the DOX release triggered by the slight decrease to pH 6.0–5.0. The efficient cellular uptake of this pH-responsive system for cancer cells has been confirmed by cell assay. This coordination bonding-based pH-responsive system provides a new insight into the molecular factors governing the strength of chemical bonds in restrictive domain, which would open up new possibilities of porous materials for advanced applications in adsorption and desorption of biological and paramedical materials for antitumor therapy.
B7-H4 as a Target for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy (2012)

Abstract : B7-H4 is a recently discovered B7-family molecule that has been shown to inhibit T cell proliferation and secretion of IL-2. Therefore, it has been classified as an immunosuppressive protein. Protein expression has been limited to subsets of activated T cells and is inducible in dendritic cells and macrophages. In contrast, protein expression is abundant on tissues from several malignancies, most notably breast adenocarcinoma. We proposed to generate antagonistic humanized anti-B7- H4 antibodies for the reversal of immune escape generated in breast cancer. Here we report the generation of 84 mouse monoclonal antibodies for the detection of B7-H4 by ELISA, 25 for the detection of cell surface B7-H4 by flow cytometry, and 5 suitable for immunohistochemistry of paraffin embedded tissue. Five antibodies have been subcloned and purified. While the antibodies have no direct cytotoxic effect, 2 of the clones block B7-H4 binding to T-cells. Candidate antibodies will be subsequently humanized using genetic engineering techniques. Here, we also report several novel findings not yet reported in published literature and not anticipated in our grant proposal.
Electrical and optical properties of reactively evaporated indium tin oxide (ITO) films-dependence on substrate temperature and tin concentration (1989)

The dependence of the electrical and optical properties of reactively evaporated indium tin oxide films on substrate temperature and tin concentration has been studied. Films of resistivity as low as 3*10-4 Omega cm and high visible transparency of about 91% have been obtained at higher deposition temperatures ( approximately 300 degrees C) for tin concentrations of 10-15 wt.% in the source alloy. Hall mobility in the films has been found to decrease with the addition of tin and increase with deposition temperature. An observed increase in carrier density with substrate temperature has been viewed as being due to the possibility that higher deposition temperature favours the incorporation of tin as Sn4+ in the films. In the optical band-gap calculation the effect of collision broadening, which is typical for a degenerate semiconductor, has been included and found to be significant.
Depression screening and management programmes with staff assistance in primary care increase response and remission rates, but programmes without staff assistance do not show benefits (2010)

Commentary on: O'Connor EA, Whitlock EP, Beil TL, et al. Screening for depression in adult patients in primary care settings: a systematic evidence review. Ann Intern Med 2009;151:793–803.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Depression is a public health issue of worldwide importance. A World Health Organization study1 estimated that in 2030 the three leading causes of disability-adjusted life years would be HIV/AIDS, depressive disorders and ischemic heart disease. Current social trends, including reductions in the size of family units, increased use of alcohol and drugs, and increased urbanisation and migration suggest that depression will eventually become the leading cause of disability and burden worldwide. Issues relating to its recognition, treatment and management are, justifiably, subjects of much research activity. This systematic review was carried out on behalf of … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAnnals%2Bof%2BInternal%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DANN%2BINTERN%2BMED%26rft.aulast%253DO%2527Connor%26rft.auinit1%253DE.%2BA.%26rft.volume%253D151%26rft.issue%253D11%26rft.spage%253D793%26rft.epage%253D803%26rft.atitle%253DScreening%2Bfor%2BDepression%2Bin%2BAdult%2BPatients%2Bin%2BPrimary%2BCare%2BSettings%253A%2BA%2BSystematic%2BEvidence%2BReview%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.7326%252F0003-4819-151-11-200912010-00007%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F19949145%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.7326/0003-4819-151-11-200912010-00007&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=19949145&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F13%2F2%2F49.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000272727900005&link_type=ISI
Generalized stack algorithms for decoding convolutional codes (1975)

A new class of generalized stack algorithms for decoding convolutional codes is presented. It is based on the Zigangirov-Jelinek (Z-J) algorithm but, instead of extending just the top node of the stack at all times, a number of the most likely paths are simultaneously extended. This number of paths may be constant or may be varied to match the current decoding effort with the prevalent noise conditions of the channel. Moreover, the trellis structure of the convolutional code is used by recognizing and exploiting the reconvergence of the paths. As a result the variability of the computation can be reduced up to a limit set by the "ideal" stack algorithm. Although the tail of the computational distribution is still Pareto, it is shown and verified from simulation with short constraint length codes <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(K \leq 9)</tex> of rate <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\frac{1}{2}</tex> that, compared to sequential decoding, the variability of the number of computations per decoded bit and the maximum computational effort are both reduced at the cost of a modest increase in the average decoding effort. Moreover, some of the error events of sequential decoding are corrected. These algorithms fill the gap between the one-path sequential decoding nad the all-path Viterbi decoding.
Pore dimensions for accumulating biomass. I. Microbes that reproduce by fission or by budding (1979)

Abstract The relationship between the dimensions of a microbe and the accumulation of that microbe in porous, inorganic structures has been determined. That relationship is dependent upon the cell dimensions, the mode of reproduction, and the pore diameter of the material. In order to achieve high accumulation of microbes that reproduce by fission, at least 70% of the pores of an inorganic carrier should have pore diameters in the range of one times the smallest major dimension through five times the largest major dimension of the cell. To achieve the highest accumulation of microbes that reproduce by budding, at least 70% of the pores should have pore diameters in the range of one times the smallest dimension of the cell and less than four times the largest cell dimension. These relationships were established by varying the physical parameters of the carriers as well as their chemical composition.
Optical fiber biosensing (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. M. Scheggi and A. G. Mignani, "Optical fiber biosensing," Optics News 15(11), 28-34 (1989) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
<title>Understanding multimedia application characteristics for designing programmable media processors</title> (1998)

As part of our research into programmable media processors, we conducted a multimedia workload characterization study. The tight integration of architecture and compiler in any programmable processor requires evaluation of both technology-driven hardware tradeoffs and application-driven architectural tradeoffs. This study explores the latter area, providing an examination of the application-driven architectural issues from a compiler perspective. Using an augmented version of the MediaBench multimedia benchmark suite, compiling and analysis of the applications are performed using the IMPACT compiler. Characteristics including operation frequencies, basic block and branch statistics, data sizes, working set sizes, and scheduling parallelism are examined for purposes of defining the architectural resources necessary for programmable media processors.
Linearly-polarized single-transverse-mode high-energy multi-ten nanosecond fiber amplifier with 50W average power (2006)

A linearly polarized single-transverse-mode Yb-doped double clad polarization-maintaining fiber amplifier at 1064nm is reported, which delivers 53.1W average power at 40kHz repetition rate, with pulse energy >1mJ, duration 30ns, polarization extinction ratio 13dB, and M(2)1.2. Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) phenomenon during amplification is discussed, and a new SBS suppression approach using linewidth broadening induced by self-phase modulation (SPM) is demonstrated.
Monitoring Brain and Spinal Cord Metabolism and Function (2014)

Monitoring the metabolism and function of the central nervous system not only is an old idea but also is a topic that is of increasing interest to the technological evolution. Beside the optimization of cerebral and spinal cord perfusion and the preservation of vasoreactivity to ensure the viability of cerebral tissues and structures, we want to know more and more about the real intimate situation of these organs in real time at the patient’s bedside. To this end, several tracks have been explored during the two last decades, leading to the development of numerous concepts and the conception of various monitoring systems. One of the main problems is to characterize the respective strong points and weaknesses of those ones and to conclude regarding their individual relevance and value in current clinical practice. It is more and more clear that the combination of different categories of monitoring is a way to try to find the most valuable technological compromise, to increase the chance of prediction or of early detection of intercurrent deleterious events corresponding to the concept of multimodality. The intraoperative period and the intensive care goals and targets are appreciably different. This is the reason for the attempt to define different and distinct sets of goals and targets for the intraoperative anesthetic setting and for the intensive care unit.
Ferric Oxide-Supported Pt Subnano Clusters for Preferential Oxidation of CO in H<sub>2</sub>-Rich Gas at Room Temperature (2014)

Pt single atoms and small clusters were dispersed on iron oxides by a facile coprecipitation method. These catalysts, with or without calcination at elevated temperatures, show excellent activity and selectivity for preferential oxidation of CO in the H2-rich gas. They can completely remove CO from H2-rich gas at a wide temperature range of 20–70 °C, which renders them suitable for low-temperature applications. The reaction followed a mixture of competitive mechanism and a noncompetitive/redox mechanism. The weakened CO adsorption on small Pt clusters and atoms makes the competitive adsorption of O2 feasible, which ensures a high activity of Pt/Fe catalysts, even calcined at elevated temperature.
From Characters to Time Intervals: New Paradigms for Evaluation and Neural Parsing of Time Normalizations (2018)

This paper presents the first model for time normalization trained on the SCATE corpus. In the SCATE schema, time expressions are annotated as a semantic composition of time entities. This novel schema favors machine learning approaches, as it can be viewed as a semantic parsing task. In this work, we propose a character level multi-output neural network that outperforms previous state-of-the-art built on the TimeML schema. To compare predictions of systems that follow both SCATE and TimeML, we present a new scoring metric for time intervals. We also apply this new metric to carry out a comparative analysis of the annotations of both schemes in the same corpus.
A new simplified space-vector PWM method for three-level inverters (2001)

In this paper, a new simplified space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method for a three-level inverter is proposed. This method is based on the simplification of the space-vector diagram of a three-level inverter into that of a two-level inverter. If simplified by the proposed method, all the remaining procedures necessary for the three-level SVPWM are done like conventional two-level inverter and the execution time is greatly reduced. The DC-link neutral-point potential control algorithms are implemented more easily. The proposed method can be applied to the multi-level inverters above three-level. The validity of the new SVPWM method is verified by experiment with a 1000 kVA three-level insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) inverter.
Efficient mapping of Applied Biosystems SOLiD sequence data to a reference genome for functional genomic applications (2008)

Executables, source code, and sample data are available at http://socs.biology.gatech.edu/
Monitoring of Cochlear Function During Cochlear Implantation (2006)

This paper demonstrates the feasibility of monitoring cochlear function during cochlear implantation. The routine surgical approach did not appear to adversely affect the functional measurements. Standard size, full electrode insertion did diminish the amplitude of the cochlear microphonics, possibly as a result of intracochlear mechanical impairment. Ultimately, profound hearing loss was documented, indicating that factors other than immediate changes induced by electrode insertion were likely responsible for the loss of cochlear function.
Wearable Devices for Precision Medicine and Health State Monitoring (2018)

Wearable technologies will play an important role in advancing precision medicine by enabling measurement of clinically-relevant parameters describing an individual's health state. The lifestyle and fitness markets have provided the driving force for the development of a broad range of wearable technologies that can be adapted for use in healthcare. Here we review existing technologies currently used for measurement of the four primary vital signs: temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure, along with physical activity, sweat, and emotion. We review the relevant physiology that defines the measurement needs and evaluate the different methods of signal transduction and measurement modalities for the use of wearables in healthcare.
Epidemiology of Drug Abuse: An Overview (1986)

Issues regarding the use of epidemiology in drug abuse research are discussed and systems for monitoring national trends and identifying risk factors are described. Data indicate a general decline in marijuana use among youth, a cohort aging effect among heroin and marijuana users, and increased prevalence and health consequences associated with cocaine use.
The actions of prostaglandins and their interactions with angiotensin II in the isolated perfused human placental cotyledon (1986)

Summary. The prostaglandins PGE 1 , PGE 2 , PGD 2 , PGF 2α ., U46619 and 6 β ‐PGI l were administered as bolus injections both separately and in combination with angiotensin II into the fetal circulation of isolated human placental cotyledons perfused in vitro . PGF 2α , and PGD 2 , caused small dosedependent increases in fetal perfusion pressure when compared with U46619 which acted as an extremely potent vasoconstrictor of the fetal‐placental vasculature. PGE 1 , caused very small dose‐dependent decreases in fetal perfusion pressure when injected on its own. In combination with angiotensin 11, PGE 1 , PGD 2 , and 6 β ‐PG1 1 , caused significant, dose‐related attenuations of the angiotensin II vasoconstrictive response whereas PGE 2 , PGF 2α , and U46619 potentiated the response. Injections of angiotensin II after the infusion of indomethacin into the fetal circulation resulted in a potentiation of angiotensin II induced vasoconstriction. The results indicate that prostaglandins exert their effects on the fetal‐placental circulation by modulating the actions of angiotensin II.
Low Cost, Environmentally Benign Binders for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2010)

The stringent environmental requirements regarding the mobility energy usage are forcing most automakers to develop hybrid electric vehicles, which allows for a more efficient and thus less polluting use of fossil combustibles. A vast deployment of such vehicles involves producing and recycling of batteries on the thousand tons per year scale. Present Li-ion technologies involve the use of fluorinated binders, which are costly, and the use of environmentally unfriendly volatile organic compounds for the processing, which are difficult to recycle. In this paper, it is shown that the fluorinated binders can be replaced with greener and cost-effective polymers derived from cellulose.
Finite Element Thermal/Mechanical Analysis of Transmission Laser Microjoining of Titanium and Polyimide (2009)

Detailed analysis of a residual stress profile due to laser microjoining of two dissimilar biocompatible materials, polyimide (PI) and titanium (Ti), is vital for the long-term application of bio-implants. In this work, a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) transient model for sequentially coupled thermal/mechanical analysis of transmission laser (laser beam with wavelength of 1100 nm and diameter of 0.2 mm) microjoining of two dissimilar materials has been developed by using the finite element code ABAQUS, along with a moving Gaussian laser heat source. First the model has been used to optimize the laser parameters like laser traveling speed and power to obtain good bonding (burnout temperature of PI>maximum temperature of PI achieved during heating>melting temperature of PI) and a good combination has been found to be 100 mm/min and 3.14 W for a joint-length of 6.5 mm as supported by the experiment. The developed computational model has been observed to generate a bonding zone that is similar in width (0.33 mm) to the bond width of the Ti/PI joint observed experimentally by an optical microscope. The maximum temperatures measured at three locations by thermocouples have also been found to be similar to those observed computationally. After these verifications, the residual stress profile of the laser microjoint (100 mm/min and 3.14 W) has been calculated using the developed model with the system cooling down to room temperature. The residual stress profiles on the PI surface have shown low value near the centerline of the laser travel, increased to higher values at about 165 μm from the centerline symmetrically at both sides, and to the contrary, have shown higher values near the centerline on the Ti surface. Maximum residual stresses on both the Ti and PI surfaces are obtained at the end of laser travel, and are in the orders of the yield stresses of the respective materials. It has been explained that the patterned accumulation of residual stresses is due to the thermal expansion and contraction mismatches between the dissimilar materials at the opposite sides of the bond along with the melting and softening of PI during the joining process.
Modulation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Potency by Endocannabinoid-like Lipids Represents a Novel Mode of Regulating GLP-1 Receptor Signaling (2015)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs are approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes and are in clinical trials for disorders including neurodegenerative diseases. GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is expressed in many peripheral and neuronal tissues and is activated by circulating GLP-1. Other than food intake, little is known about factors regulating GLP-1 secretion. Given a normally basal circulating level of GLP-1, knowledge of mechanisms regulating GLP-1R signaling, which has diverse functions in extrapancreatic tissues, remains elusive. In this study, we found that the potency of GLP-1, not exendin 4, is specifically enhanced by the endocannabinoid-like lipids oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and 2-oleoylglycerol but not by stearoylethanolamide (SEA) or palmitoylethanolamide. 9.2 μM OEA enhances the potency of GLP-1 in stimulating cAMP production by 10-fold but does not affect its receptor binding affinity. OEA and 2-oleoylglycerol, but not SEA, bind to GLP-1 in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. OEA but not SEA promoted GLP-1(7-36) amide to trypsin inactivation in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. Susceptibility of GLP-1(7-36) amide to trypsin inactivation is increased 40-fold upon binding to OEA but not to SEA. Our findings indicate that OEA binds to GLP-1(7-36) amide and enhances the potency that may result from a conformational change of the peptide. In conclusion, modulating potency of GLP-1 by physiologically regulated endocannabinoid-like lipids allows GLP-1R signaling to be regulated spatiotemporally at a constant basal GLP-1 level.
Access to Ordered Porous Molybdenum Oxycarbide/Carbon Nanocomposites (2012)

Hexagonally ordered mesoporous molybdenum oxycarbide/carbon (MoC/C) nanocomposites were directly accessed by heat treatment of mesostructured poly(butadiene-block-2-vinylpyridine) (PB-b-P2VP) and molybdophosphoric acid. PB-b-P2VP serves as structure-directing agent and as carbon source. The high specific surface area obtained for the nanocomposites renders the materials interesting for potential applications, such as in the catalytic decomposition of NH3.