gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
El movimiento anticlerical en la Polonia comunista (1963)

Las autoridades comunistas de Polonia, asi como las de otros satelites, estan llevando a cabo un continuo intento de influir en su poblacion, fundamentalmente religiosa y practicante, por una combinacion de medios. Han tratado de crear una vanguardia de clerigos «progresistas» que colaboren estrechamente con el regimen, al mismo tiempo que se acusa al testo de los curas polacos de actividades reaccionarias, falta de solidaridad con las amplias masas de la nacion y conspiracion con el Vaticano. La intencion es, aparentemente, crear un Cuerpo de clerigos obedientes que se someta a los deseos del Estado. Los otros aspectos principales de la penetracion comunista en la Iglesia adoptan la forma de diversas organizaciones distintas: el Comite de todos los Polacos pro Paz, el Movimiento Pax y la Sociedad de Amigos de los Ninos.
Paclitaxel and Concurrent Radiation in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers (2003)

Effective locoregional treatments are needed for adenocarcinomas of the esophagus, stomach, and pancreas. Paclitaxel has been investigated as a radiation sensitizer for upper gastrointestinal malignancies. In esophageal cancer, the combination of low-dose weekly paclitaxel, platinum, and concurrent radiation therapy (RT) has substantial activity and is well tolerated. Regimens that add fluorouracil (5-FU) to paclitaxel and platinum or incorporate hyperfractionation radiation have a higher incidence of severe esophagitis. In gastric cancer, adjuvant concurrent paclitaxel, 5-FU, and radiation is being investigated in the cooperative group setting. In pancreatic cancer, paclitaxel may be a radiation sensitizer even to tumor cells that are resistant to paclitaxel as a single agent. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) demonstrated a 43% 1-year survival with paclitaxel/RT for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This represented a 40% improvement in survival compared to the previous RTOG 92-09 study of 5-FU-based chemoradiation. Ongoing trials in pancreatic cancer are investigating the addition of gemcitabine to paclitaxel and radiation and incorporating molecular targeting agents.
The Nonparanormal: Semiparametric Estimation of High Dimensional Undirected Graphs (2018)

Recent methods for estimating sparse undirected graphs for real-valued data in high dimensional problems rely heavily on the assumption of normality. We show how to use a semiparametric Gaussian copula---or "nonparanormal"---for high dimensional inference. Just as additive models extend linear models by replacing linear functions with a set of one-dimensional smooth functions, the nonparanormal extends the normal by transforming the variables by smooth functions. We derive a method for estimating the nonparanormal, study the method's theoretical properties, and show that it works well in many examples.
Novel Mutations That Control the Sphingolipid and Cholesterol Dependence of the Semliki Forest Virus Fusion Protein (2002)

The enveloped alphavirus Semliki Forest virus (SFV) infects cells via a membrane fusion reaction mediated by the E1 membrane protein. Efficient SFV-membrane fusion requires the presence of cholesterol and sphingolipid in the target membrane. Here we report on two mutants, srf-4 and srf-5, selected for growth in cholesterol-depleted cells. Like the previously isolated srf-3 mutant (E1 proline 226 to serine), the phenotypes of the srf-4 and srf-5 mutants were conferred by single-amino-acid changes in the E1 protein: leucine 44 to phenylalanine and valine 178 to alanine, respectively. Like srf-3, srf-4 and srf-5 show striking increases in the cholesterol independence of growth, infection, membrane fusion, and exit. Unexpectedly, and unlike srf-3, srf-4 and srf-5 showed highly efficient fusion with sphingolipid-free membranes in both lipid- and content-mixing assays. Both srf-4 and srf-5 formed E1 homotrimers of decreased stability compared to the homotrimers of the wild type and the srf-3 mutant. All three srf mutations lie in the same domain of E1, but the srf-4 and srf-5 mutations are spatially separated from srf-3. When expressed together, the three mutations could interact to produce increased sterol independence and to cause temperature-sensitive E1 transport. Thus, the srf-4 and srf-5 mutations identify novel regions of E1 that are distinct from the fusion peptide and srf-3 region and modulate the requirements for both sphingolipid and cholesterol in virus-membrane fusion.
Mechanisms of Aflatoxin Carcinogenesis (1994)

Much progress has been made in elucidating the biochemical and molecular mechanisms that underlie aflatoxin carcinogenesis. In humans, biotransformation of AFB1 to the putative carcinogenic intermediate. AFB-8,9-exo-epoxide, occurs predominantly by cytochromes P450 1A2 and 3A4, with the relative importance of each dependent upon the relative magnitude of expression of the respective enzymes in liver. Genetic variability in the expression of these and other cytochromes P450 may result in substantial interindividual differences in susceptibility to the carcinogenic effects of aflatoxins. Detoxification of AFB-8,9-epoxide by a specific alpha class glutathione S-transferase is an important protective mechanism in mice, and it accounts for the resistance of this species to the carcinogenic effects of AFB. This particular form of GST is expressed constitutively only at low levels in rats, but it is inducible by antioxidants such as ethoxyquin, and it accounts for much of the chemoprotective effects of a variety of substances, including natural dietary components that putatively act via an "antioxidant response element" (ARE). In humans, the constitutively expressed GSTs have very little activity toward AFB1-8,9-exo-epoxide, suggesting that--on a biochemical basis--humans should be quite sensitive to the genotoxic effects of aflatoxins. If a gene encoding a high aflatoxin-active form of GST is present in the human genome, but is not constitutively expressed, and is inducible by dietary antioxidants (as occurs in rats), then chemo- and/or dietary intervention measures aimed at inducing this enzyme could be highly effective. However, as it is possible that human CYP 1A2 may also be inducible by these same chemicals (because of the possible presence of an ARE in this gene), the ultimate consequence of dietary treatment with chemicals that induce biotransformation enzymes via an ARE is uncertain. The balance of the rate of activation (exo-epoxide production) to inactivation (GST conjugation plus other P450-mediated non-epoxide oxidations) may be a strong indicator of individual and species susceptibility to aflatoxin carcinogenesis, if the experimental conditions are reflective of true dietary exposures. There is strong evidence that AFB-8,9-exo-epoxide binds to G:C rich regions of DNA, forming an adduct at the N7-position of guanine. Substantial evidence demonstrates that AFB1-8,9-epoxide can induce activating mutations in the ras oncogene in experimental animals, primarily at codon 12.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
RF transmitter architectures for integrated wireless transceivers (2000)

Several transmitter architectures for wireless systems are discussed, including the two-step architecture, direct-conversion, offset modulator and modulation loop. Examples of architectures for TDMA/CDMA systems are given. Finally, a design case for GSM/DCS/PCS application is shown using 0.6 /spl mu/m BiCMOS technology.
Selective Action of Crystal Violet and of Brilliant Green on Bacteriophages (1933)

Journal Article Selective Action of Crystal Violet and of Brilliant Green on Bacteriophages Get access Alvin Y. Wells, Alvin Y. Wells Department of Bacteriology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Noble P. Sherwood Noble P. Sherwood Department of Bacteriology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 52, Issue 2, March 1933, Pages 209–213, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/52.2.209 Published: 01 March 1933 Article history Received: 01 August 1932 Published: 01 March 1933
Adhesion of Electroless Nickel Plating on Glass. (1993)

Various factors influencing the adhesion between glass and electroless nickel plated films were investigated. In terms of the film, it was found that the use of glycine as a complexing agent resulted in films that exhibited good adhesion. Adhesive strength also increased at lower pH and lower plating bath temperature. In terms of pretreatment, etching was important to improving adhesion. Adhesive strength was greatest when the glass was first etched with sodium hydroxide, next etched with hydrofluoric acid and then treated with methylate. Adhesion was also increased by decreasing the level of dissolved oxygen in the catalyzing treatment solution and plating bath.
Caching Popular BGP Prefixes with Grey Modeling Prediction (2011)

Internet core routers are facing challenges brought by the ever-increasing transit bandwidth and routing scale. In order to meet the requirements of highly efficient packet forwarding, some solutions propose to load a small portion of the BGP RIB entries into the FIB. Therefore the most popular prefixes, which contribute major traffic loads, need to be cached in the FIB as long as possible. In this paper, we try to propose a prediction based method to cache those popular prefixes in the FIB. The cache strategy is guided by the traffic prediction of a grey model. We also apply FIB aggregation techniques to suppress the number of overlapped sub-prefixes of the popular prefixes on cache/route updates. We evaluate our method with real traffic traces and find that our prediction-based cache replacement strategy outperforms other cache strategies and matches Internet traffic dynamics very well.
Video-based face recognition via joint sparse representation (2013)

In video-based face recognition, a key challenge is in exploiting the extra information available in a video; e.g., face, body, and motion identity cues. In addition, different video sequences of the same subject may contain variations in resolution, illumination, pose, and facial expressions. These variations contribute to the challenges in designing an effective video-based face-recognition algorithm. We propose a novel multivariate sparse representation method for video-to-video face recognition. Our method simultaneously takes into account correlations as well as coupling information among the video frames. Our method jointly represents all the video data by a sparse linear combination of training data. In addition, we modify our model so that it is robust in the presence of noise and occlusion. Furthermore, we kernelize the algorithm to handle the non-linearities present in video data. Numerous experiments using unconstrained video sequences show that our method is effective and performs significantly better than many state-of-the-art video-based face recognition algorithms in the literature.
U.S. Navy Aircraft Corrosion Prevention and Control Program. (1997)

Abstract : The primary objective for this phase of the DoD-wide audit was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Navy Aircraft Corrosion Prevention and Control Program at the organizational level. We also evaluated the adequacy of the Navy management control program as it applied to the primary audit objective.
New approaches in the diagnosis of<i>Taenia solium</i>cysticercosis and taeniasis (1990)

Taenia solium cysticercosis is now recognized as a priority in Mexico and a number of other developing countries, both in public health and in economic terms. Recognition of the problem has been greatly aided in recent years by new developments in molecular diagnostics. In this paper data are presented on ELISA for the detection of anti-cysticercus antibodies and of parasite antigens in patients with neurocysticercosis and in cysticercotic pigs. Also, several biological fluids were evaluated: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum and saliva, all of which have proved useful. CSF is, however, the most appropriate for detection of antibodies and antigens in patients and serum in pigs. In addition, saliva may be especially used in epidemiological surveys. The electroimmuno-transfer blot technique (EITB) for antibody detection in patients and pigs has also proved highly sensitive and due to the use of an enriched fraction of glucoproteins, EITB is also highly specific. Cloned cDNA sequences from T. solium are now being assessed as an alternative source of antigens for immunodiagnosis. Two methods for the diagnosis of the adult stage of T. solium are also undergoing standardization. These are an ELISA for the detection of parasite antigens in fecal samples and DNA hybridization techniques for the detection of eggs in stools. Both assays have promising results and should now be assessed in larger numbers of clinical and epidemiological samples.
Leveraging CNN and Transfer Learning for Vision-based Human Activity Recognition (2019)

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), there have been significant advancements in the area of human activity recognition (HAR) in recent years. HAR is applicable to wider application such as elderly care, anomalous behaviour detection and surveillance system. Several machine learning algorithms have been employed to predict the activities performed by the human in an environment. However, traditional machine learning approaches have been outperformed by feature engineering methods which can select an optimal set of features. On the contrary, it is known that deep learning models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can extract features and reduce the computational cost automatically. In this paper, we use CNN model to predict human activities from Wiezmann Dataset. Specifically, we employ transfer learning to get deep image features and trained machine learning classifiers. Our experimental results showed the accuracy of 96.95% using VGG-16. Our experimental results also confirmed the high performance of VGG-16 as compared to rest of the applied CNN models.
Characterizing Spatial Ability: Different Mental Processes Reflected in Accuracy and Latency Scores. (1978)

Abstract : Recent experimental studies have analyzed the time to perform tasks patterned after standard tests of spatial ability. Based on these analyses, information-processing models have been developed suggesting that subjects work through a sequence of component mental processes (e.g., code, transform, match) to perform spatial test items. If these models are correct, then response latencies, especially estimates of component-process durations, may be the best measures of spatial ability. By contrast, traditional psychometric analyses of these tasks have consistently used overall accuracy scores as measures of spatial ability. A model of the relationship between traditional accuracy measures of spatial ability and theoretically based latency measures is proposed. In this model overall accuracy and mean latency are viewed as composite scores consisting of the product (accuracy) or sum (latency) of component-process parameters. Three experiments investigated the relationship between spatial accuracy and latency scores, and established some psychometric properties (reliability, correlation across tests, predictive validity) of various measures. While accuracy and mean latency scores each proved to be reliable and consistent across different tests, the two measures were virtually independent. Further analyses using component-process latency scores suggest that different mental processes influence overall accuracy and mean latency. One hypothesis consistent with the data is that spatial accuracy scores reflect the ability to accurately code a pictorial stimulus, but mean latency scores on the same items reflect the ability to mentally transform the code. Implication for ability testing are discussed. (Author)
Hybrid Localized SOI/bulk technology for low power system-on-chip (2010)

This paper highlights the successful co-integration of Localized Silicon-On-Insulator (LSOI) devices and of bulk-Si I/O devices on the same chip. LSOI devices present good logic performances and very low mismatch values down to 1.2mV/µm. In addition, we show the backbiasing impact on LSOI SRAM bit-cells for stability improvement. This work also presents the co-integration of LSOI with bulk devices as a solution for the devices that are not compatible with thin-body technology. In particular, we demonstrate for the first time competitive bulk co-integrated ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) protections.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Cysteine-rich 16.6-kDa Prolamin in Rice Seeds (1999)

An alcohol-soluble storage protein, a 16.6-kDa prolamin found in rice seeds, was purified from both the total protein body and purified type I protein body fractions. The partial amino acid sequences of three tryptic peptides generated from the purified polypeptide were analyzed. A part of the 16.6-kDa prolamin cDNA was amplified from developing seed mRNA by the reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction using an oligo (dT) primer and a primer which was synthesized based on the partial amino acid sequence. The amplified product was used to isolate the full-length cDNA clone (lambda RP16) from a developing seed cDNA library. The cDNA has an open reading frame encoding a hydrophobic polypeptide of 149 amino acids. The polypeptide was rich in glutamine (20.0%), cysteine (10.0%), and methionine (6.9%). The cysteine content was higher than those of most other rice storage proteins. Messenger RNA of the 16.6-kDa prolamin was detected in seeds, but not in other aerial tissues.
Mesial temporal damage in temporal lobe epilepsy: a volumetric MRI study of the hippocampus, amygdala and parahippocampal region (2003)

Despite neuropathological and electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of parahippocampal structures in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), little attention has been paid to morphometric measurements of these structures in patients with TLE. Using high resolution MRI, we previously showed that the volume of the entorhinal cortex was decreased in patients with TLE. The purpose of this study was: (i) to determine whether changes in the volume of the perirhinal cortex and posterior parahippocampal cortex were detectable by MRI; and (ii) to study the distribution and degree of atrophy in mesial temporal structures including the hippocampal head, body and tail, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, perirhinal cortex and posterior parahippocampal cortex. MRI volumetric analysis was performed using a T(1)-weighted three-dimensional gradient echo sequence in 20 healthy subjects and 25 TLE patients with intractable TLE. In patients with either left or right TLE, the hippocampal head, body and tail and the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices ipsilateral to the seizure focus were significantly smaller than in normal controls. The mean volume of the posterior parahippocampal cortex was not different from that of normal controls. Within the hippocampus, the hippocampal head was more atrophic than the hippocampal body and hippocampal tail. Within the parahippocampal region, the entorhinal cortex was more severely affected than the perirhinal cortex. Our MRI results confirm pathological findings of damage in the mesial temporal lobe, involving not only the hippocampus and the amygdala, but also the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices. The pattern of atrophy may be explained by cell loss secondary to a disruption of entorhinal-hippocampal connections as a result of privileged electrical dialogue between these two structures.
Substantiation of buried two dimensional hole gas (2DHG) existence in GaN-on-Si epitaxial heterostructure (2017)

Gallium Nitride on Silicon (GaN-on-Si) devices feature a relatively thick epi buffer layer to release the stress related to the lattice constant mismatch between GaN and Si. The buffer layer is formed by several AlGaN-based transition layers with different Al contents. This work addresses the fundamental question of whether two-dimensional hole gases (2DHGs) exist at those interfaces where the theory predicts a high concentration of a negative fixed charge as a consequence of the discontinuity in polarization between the layers. In this study, we demonstrate that the presence of such 2DHGs is consistent with the measured vertical Capacitance-Votage Profiling (CV) and Technology Caomputer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulation in the whole range of measurable frequencies (10 mHz–1 MHz). N-type compensating background donor included in the epi structure in the simulation deck proves to be crucial to explain the depletion region extension consistent with the CV experimental data. For the standard range of frequencies (1 kHz–1 MHz), there was no indication of the presence of 2DHGs. A set of ultra-low frequency (10 mHz–10 Hz) measurements performed were able to reveal the existence of 2DHGs. The outcome of these ultra-low frequency experiments was matched with TCAD simulations which validated our theory.
Efficient 3D TOF PET Reconstruction Using View-Grouped Histo-Images: DIRECT - Direct Image Reconstruction for TOF (2006)

For modern time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET) systems, in which the number of possible lines of response (LOR) and TOF bins is much larger than the number of acquired events, the most appropriate reconstruction approaches are considered to be the list-mode ones, where the processing of the acquired data is done event by event. However, their shortcomings are relatively high computational costs for reconstruction and sensitivity matrix calculation. Furthermore, new sensitivity matrix has to be calculated for each (attenuation) object, and all possible LORs have to be considered for its calculation, not only those which coincide with the actually detected events. Efficient treatment of the TOF data within the proposed DIRECT - Direct Image Reconstruction for TOF - approach is allowed by 1) proper angular (polar and co-polar) grouping of the TOF events to a set of views as given by angular sampling requirements for TOF resolution - each view having a common TOF kernel, and 2) placement/deposit of the grouped events, and all correction data, into the "histo-images" (one histo-image per view), having the same geometry (voxel grid and orientation) as the reconstructed image. Unlike binning, proper storing operation does not compromise resolution of the data since events are directly stored into the histo-image elements at desired image (voxel) resolution. The reconstruction operations do not negatively affect the resolution neither since no tracing or interpolation operations are needed - all data and operations are directly in the image space. Very efficient reconstruction operations and calculation of correction coefficients can be designed utilizing the image equivalent format and grouping, as demonstrated in this work using DIRECT approach with iterative row-action maximum-likelihood (RAMLA) algorithm.
A multiple copy approach for delivering messages under deadline constraints (2002)

A scheme to minimize the expected recovery cost incurred by a distributed real-time system as a result of messages failing to meet their deadline is proposed. The scheme is intended for distributed systems with point-to-point interconnection topology. The goal of minimizing the expected cost is achieved by sending multiple copies of a message through disjoint routes, thus increasing the probability of successful message delivery within the deadline. The number of copies of each message to be sent is determined by optimizing the tradeoff between the increase in the message traffic due to additional copies and the decrease in the probability of a message missing its deadline. The objective used to determine the optimal number of copies is formalized, and a numerical example is presented, showing that reductions of more than 70% can be achieved at low to moderate loads. At high loads the reductions are in the range of 10-40%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>