gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gate-Tunable Atomically Thin Lateral MoS<sub>2</sub> Schottky Junction Patterned by Electron Beam (2016)

Among atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is attracting considerable attention because of its direct bandgap in the 2H-semiconducting phase. On the other hand, a 1T-metallic phase has been revealed, bringing complementary application. Recently, thanks to top-down fabrication using electron beam (EB) irradiation techniques, in-plane 1T-metal/2H-semiconductor lateral (Schottky) MoS2 junctions were demonstrated, opening a path toward the co-integration of active and passive two-dimensional devices. Here, we report the first transport measurements evidencing the formation of a MoS2 Schottky barrier (SB) junction with barrier height of 0.13-0.18 eV created at the interface between EB-irradiated (1T)/nonirradiated (2H) regions. Our experimental findings, supported by state-of-the-art simulation, reveal unique device fingerprint of SB-based field-effect transistors made from atom-thin 1T layers.
Synthesis of a compound T-junction for a two-way splitter with arbitrary power ratio (2005)

We have developed a simple and efficient procedure to design H-plane rectangular waveguide T-junctions for equal and unequal two-way power splitters. This synthesis procedure is scalable, renders manufacturable structures, applicable to any arbitrary power split-ratio, and can offer wide band operation. In our implementation, we utilized wedges and inductive windows (being an integral part of the T-junctions), to provide more degrees of freedom, thus, excellent match at the input port, flat power-split ratio over the band with equal phase, where phase balance is essential for various antenna feeds.
커뮤니티 사이트 특성과 navigatlon pattern 연관성의 세분시장벌 이질성분석 (2004)

요약 기존의 인터넷소비자의 방문행동에 관한 연구들이 대부분 전체시장 수준에서 이루어졌고, 시장세분 화룰 하더라도 사전적 시장세분화로서 연구자의 주관이 반영되는 경우가 많다는 문제점이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 세분시장 수준에서의 인터넷소비자 방문행동 연구가 필요하다는 점과 함께 연구자의 임 의성을 배제한 사후적 시장세분화의 필요성을 제기하고 이를 믹스처모델로 실증적으로 분석하였다. 또한 기존 연구가 웹사이트 평가요인과 방문행동 간의 단편적인 인과관계률 파악한 것과는 달리, 웹 사미트 밤문행동에 영향을 미치는 요인들 간의 간접효과에 따른 롱합적인 인과관계를 파악하였다. 연 구에서는 실제 커뮤니티 사이트를 방문한 1.765명의 웹상의 움직임과 설문조사를 통해 세분시장별로 미질적인 navigation pattern과 원인변수와의 관계가 존재함을 입증하였다. 마케터는 이런 세분시장별 이질적 관계를 이용하여 eCRM을 실행함에 있어 navigation pattern으| 이질성에 영향을 미치는 번수를 세분시장별로 조절함으로써 기업이 원하는 방향으로 고객의 웹사이트 방문행위률 유도할 수 있는 기 회를얻게 되었다.
Effects of Risedronate on Bone Density in Anorexia Nervosa (2004)

Anorexia nervosa (AN), a psychiatric disease characterized by chronic starvation, is complicated by severe bone loss (1), for which there is no effective, available therapy. Although bone resorption is markedly increased in these patients, estrogen is an ineffective anti-resorptive therapy in the setting of undernutrition. We hypothesized bisphosphonate administration would result in a decrease in bone resorption and an increase in bone density in women with AN and bone loss, despite undernutrition. We therefore administered risedronate 5 mg daily for nine months to 10 women with AN, all of whom had osteopenia (mean AP spine T score: -2.7 +/- 2) and compared NTX and bone density with baseline values and with those from available control data prospectively followed for the same time period. Bone density increased significantly in patients who received risedronate compared with controls and compared with baseline, despite lack of significant weight gain, for an increase of AP spine bone density of 4.1 +/- 1.6% at six months and 4.9 +/- 1.0% at nine months. Bone resorption, as measured by NTX, decreased 23.8% at one month and 29.6% at three months, from the high-normal to mid-normal range of young women. Our data suggest that risedronate 5 mg daily administered to women with AN and osteopenia may increase in bone density at the AP spine despite low weight. This is the first study to demonstrate marked increases in bone density in women with AN. Because of the lack of data regarding the safety of such medications in women of reproductive age, bisphosphonates are not approved in the U.S. for premenopausal women other than those receiving glucocorticoids. Further studies are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of bisphosphonate therapy in this population.
Maintaining iron balance with total-dose infusion of intravenous iron dextran. (1998)

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is an important component of anemia management in patients with chronic renal failure, however, it can lead to functional iron deficiency (FID). Patients with FID are less likely to have an optimal response to rHuEPO (Cavill et al., 1997). Intravenous (i.v.) iron dextran is often required to replace iron losses, maintain adequate iron stores, and correct iron deficiency. The following article provides a rationale for the use of IV iron dextran and details one unit's protocol and experience with its use.
Localization of type-specific epitopes of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein G recognized by human and mouse antibodies. (1998)

Glycoprotein G is a major target for the humoral immune response against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and a prototype antigen for type-specific serodiagnosis discriminating HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections. The mature part of HSV-2 glycoprotein G-2 (gG-2) contains a unique stretch suspected to mediate type specificity, and in addition a region homologous to HSV-1 glycoprotein G-1 (gG-1). Antigenic determinants of the mature gG-2 were mapped by testing the reactivity of mouse anti-gG-2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and purified human anti-gG-2 antibodies with synthetic peptides coupled to cellulose membranes. The anti-gG-2 MAbs bound to four epitopes localized in a narrow cluster within a gG-2 segment delimited by amino acids (aa) 552 and 611. This cluster was located between the predicted O-glycan-rich region and the transmembrane anchor sequence. The epitopes of the human anti-gG-2 antibodies were localized within three stretches of amino acids, two of which were overlapping with those recognized by anti-gG-2 MAbs. One of these stretches, delimited by aa 552 and 574, showed reactivity to all human HSV-2 sera tested, but not to HSV-1 sera or to purified anti-gG-1 antibodies. Neither the anti-gG-2 MAbs nor the purified human anti-gG-2 antibodies were cross-reactive to gG-1 peptides or HSV-1 antigen, although most of the epitopes were localized within the part of gG-2 which was homologous to gG-1. The findings concerning HSV-2 type-specific human antibody response to a defined stretch within gG-2 may be of importance for the further development of type-discriminating serodiagnosis.
The Epidemic of Obesity in Children and Adolescents in the World (2006)

The prevalence of obesity has reached alarming levels, affecting virtually both developed and developing countries of all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. Concerning childhood obesity, it has been estimated that worldwide over 22 million children under the age of 5 are severely overweight, and one in 10 children are overweight. This global average reflects a wide range of prevalence levels, with the prevalence of overweight in Africa and Asia averaging well below 10% and in the Americas and Europe above 20%. The proportion of school-age children affected will almost double by 2010 compared with the most recently available surveys from the late 1990s up to 2003. In the European Union, the number of children who are overweight is expected to rise by 1.3 million children per year, with more than 300,000 of them becoming obese each year without urgent action to counteract the trend. By 2010 it is estimated that 26 million children in EU countries will be overweight, including 6.4 million who will be obese. Moreover, in the USA the prevalence of obesity in adolescents has increased dramatically from 5% to 13% in boys and from 5% to 9% in girls between 1966-70 and 1988-91. In this review paper we present the epidemiology of obesity in children and adolescents, including prevalence rates, trends, and risk factors associated with this phenomenon.
Developing a federation to demonstrate the NATO live, virtual and constructive concept (2008)

The NATO Live Virtual and Constructive (NLVC) project is part of Allied Command Transformation's (ACT) Snow Leopard program. The objective of Snow Leopard is to create a networked education and training capability which will integrate and enhance existing national capabilities and focus on the education and training of operational Headquarters' staff and NATO forces preparing to execute NATO Response Force (NRF), Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF) and International Security and Assistance Force (ISAF) missions. Within Snow Leopard, NLVC focuses on providing an infrastructure for a component-command-and-below training simulation capability using National and NATO simulations and C4ISR assets.The Spanish MOD, Indra and NC3A have been working together in a series of tests. The most recent test included a deployed portion of the Spanish Air Operation Centre (AOC) using the NATO-wide Integrated Command and Control Software for Air Operations (ICC). ICC provides functional support for the most critical Air Command and Control functions at the CAOC level, such as Planning and Tasking, Air Task Order generation, Current Offensive and Defensive Operations and Recognized Air Picture Display. In addition, ICC supports the dissemination of orders, reports and imagery between the CAOC and the Headquarters above and below the CAOC.The deployed AOC were able to task missions to the Spanish Air Force F18 man-in-the-loop simulators in Torrejon and Zaragoza. To stimulate both ICC and the F18 simulators with scenario events, ITC generated the air entities using the Flexible Analysis Modelling and Exercise System (FLAMES) while Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation (JCATS) was used to provide the ground entities. ITC is an entity level Computer Generated Forces (CGF) package used operationally to support the training of the NATO air command and control process on ICC terminals. JCATS is an entity level CGF tool made available by U. S. Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM) and is used by the NATO Joint Force Training Centre (JFTC) in joint level Computer aided Exercises (CAX).ITC/FLAMES and JCATS were in an HLA federation with the Spanish Air Force F18 man-in-the-loop simulators in Torrejon and Zaragoza in a High Level Architecture (HLA) Federation over a Wide Area Network (WAN) with encryption devices.This whitepaper provides insight into the evolution of the Federation, the challenges faced by integrating real world C2 systems with CGF and man-in-the-loop simulators and some of the issues for further development of the NLVC concept.
PKMζ, But Not PKCλ, Is Rapidly Synthesized and Degraded at the Neuronal Synapse (2015)

Synthesizing, localizing, and stabilizing new protein copies at synapses are crucial factors in maintaining the synaptic changes required for storing long-term memories. PKMζ recently emerged as a molecule putatively responsible for maintaining encoded memories over time because its presence correlates with late LTP and because its inhibition disrupts LTP in vitro and long-term memory storage in vivo. Here we investigated PKMζ stability in rat neurons to better understand its role during information encoding and storage. We used TimeSTAMP reporters to track the synthesis and degradation of PKMζ as well as a related atypical PKC, PKCλ. These reporters revealed that both PKMζ and PKCλ were upregulated after chemical LTP induction; however, these new PKMζ copies exhibited more rapid turnover than basally produced PKMζ, particularly in dendritic spines. In contrast to PKMζ, new PKCλ copies exhibited elevated stability. Stable information storage over long periods of time is more challenging the shorter the metabolic lifetime of the candidate molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acid Networks. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Combinatorial Screening for Transgenic Yeasts with High Cellulase Activities in Combination with a Tunable Expression System (2015)

Combinatorial screening used together with a broad library of gene expression cassettes is expected to produce a powerful tool for the optimization of the simultaneous expression of multiple enzymes. Recently, we proposed a highly tunable protein expression system that utilized multiple genome-integrated target genes to fine-tune enzyme expression in yeast cells. This tunable system included a library of expression cassettes each composed of three gene-expression control elements that in different combinations produced a wide range of protein expression levels. In this study, four gene expression cassettes with graded protein expression levels were applied to the expression of three cellulases: cellobiohydrolase 1, cellobiohydrolase 2, and endoglucanase 2. After combinatorial screening for transgenic yeasts simultaneously secreting these three cellulases, we obtained strains with higher cellulase expressions than a strain harboring three cellulase-expression constructs within one high-performance gene expression cassette. These results show that our method will be of broad use throughout the field of metabolic engineering.
Inhibition of glutaminyl cyclase attenuates cell migration modulated by monocyte chemoattractant proteins (2011)

QC (glutaminyl cyclase) catalyses the formation of N-terminal pGlu (pyroglutamate) in peptides and proteins. pGlu formation in chemoattractants may participate in the regulation of macrophage activation and migration. However, a clear molecular mechanism for the regulation is lacking. The present study examines the role of QC-mediated pGlu formation on MCPs (monocyte chemoattractant proteins) in inflammation. We demonstrated in vitro the pGlu formation on MCPs by QC using MS. A potent QC inhibitor, PBD150, significantly reduced the N-terminal uncyclized-MCP-stimulated monocyte migration, whereas pGlu-containing MCP-induced cell migration was unaffected. QC small interfering RNA revealed a similar inhibitory effect. Lastly, we demonstrated that inhibiting QC can attenuate cell migration by lipopolysaccharide. These results strongly suggest that QC-catalysed N-terminal pGlu formation of MCPs is required for monocyte migration and provide new insights into the role of QC in the inflammation process. Our results also suggest that QC could be a drug target for some inflammatory disorders.
Characteristics of Human IgA and IgM Genes Used by Plasma Cells in the Salivary Gland Resemble Those Used in Duodenum But Not Those Used in the Spleen (2000)

Immunologically, the parotid salivary gland is an effector site that secretes large quantities of polyspecific Abs into the saliva, mainly of the IgA isotype. It is considered to be part of the common mucosal immune system but the inductive site for the Ab-producing cells of the salivary gland has not yet been clearly identified. The origin and diversity of cells of B lineage can be investigated by analyzing their Ig heavy chain genes (IgH). We have obtained sequences of IgM and IgA VH4-34 genes from plasma cells in human salivary gland, duodenal lamina propria, and splenic red pulp. Related sequences were found in different areas sampled within each tissue studied, indicating that the plasma cells carrying these genes are widespread with limited diversity. Examples of related IgH genes that are isotype switched were also seen in the salivary gland. The genes from plasma cells of the salivary gland were highly mutated, as were duodenal plasma cell sequences. The level of mutation was significantly higher than that seen in splenic plasma cell sequences. Analysis of CDR3 regions showed that the sequences from salivary gland had significantly smaller CDR3 regions than sequences from spleen, due to differences in number and type of DH regions used. Sequences from duodenum also had smaller CDR3 regions. Therefore, plasma cells from human duodenum and salivary gland showed characteristics that differed from those of human splenic plasma cells.
Gene Therapy — Promise, Pitfalls, and Prognosis (1995)

The application of molecular genetics to human biology has had a profound effect on our ability to understand, diagnose, and treat a variety of diseases. The identification and cloning of a number of disease-related genes has provided us with a powerful set of tools for identifying susceptibility to disease and, more important, understanding the molecular pathophysiology of many disorders. More recently, the revolution in molecular medicine has also generated considerable enthusiasm for gene therapy.Somatic gene therapy is the introduction and expression of recombinant genes in somatic cells for the purpose of treating a disease. Although barely five years old, . . .
Correlation: Pitfalls and Alternatives (1999)

Correlation is a mineeld for the unwary. One does not have to search far in the literature of nancial risk management to nd misunderstanding and confusion. This is worrying since correlation is a central technical idea in nance. Correlation lies at the heart of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the arbi-
Sum-difference circuits using 0 dB and -3 dB co-directional couplers for hybrid microwave and MIMIC circuit applications (2003)

A new design approach for microstrip sum-difference ( Sigma - Delta ) Magic-T circuits is described. The technique employs entirely planar 0-dB and -3-dB codirectional quadrature couplers. A 17% bandwidth was demonstrated at the X-band from a Magic-T circuit built on a 1-in/sup 2/ alumina substrate. Multioctave 0-dB coupling is also illustrated by a computed example. Any other coupling level can be derived directly from the 0-dB codirectional coupler, thereby simplifying mask layout and significantly reducing design time. Accurate design curves for codirectional couplers on alumina substrate are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiple-scattering theory of wave diffraction by superposed volume gratings (1990)

We present a powerful multiple-scattering approach to wave diffraction by media whose permittivity contains overlapping periodic modulations, such as those found in thick holograms or in other applications involving superposed volume gratings. For this purpose we consider sequential wave scattering in a planar model having two periodic variations that are inclined at an arbitrary angle Δϕ with respect to each other. We thus show that all the diffracted fields can be described by flow diagrams that provide physical insight into the wave-scattering process. We then examine the particularly relevant case of small angular separations Δϕ and find that the individual diffracted orders can be evaluated by applying simple flow-graph considerations to the mathematical formulation. This procedure readily provides accurate numerical results, together with an estimate of the errors incurred if simplifying approximations are introduced. Furthermore, we show that the two-grating model can be readily extended to situations having any number of superposed periodicities.
Combined turbo equalisation and block turbo coded modulation (2003)

The combination of equalisation and turbo decoded M-QAM is studied. In a system of block turbo coding based on iterative decoding of a product code, equalisation is incorporated in the decoding iteration loop. Most research in this area has considered the trellis equaliser. When using a high throughput modulation trellis equalisation is impossible. The incorporation of a decision feedback equaliser (DFE) in the iterative decoding is studied, and simulation results show the gain achieved by incorporation of the DFE in the iteration loop.
A passive RF receiving and power switch ASIC for remote power control with zero stand-by power (2008)

A passive RF signal receiving and power switch ASIC is proposed, designed and verified for remote AC power switch. This IC receives 915 MHz RF signals containing power switching commands, and switches on/off the AC power relay of a household appliance accordingly. The proposed ASIC only uses energy recovered from the received RF signal, and it consumes almost zero stand-by current. The wireless identification technique is adopted to improve its anti-disturbance performance. The ASIC is designed in the 0.18 mum CMOS process, and it occupies a core area of 0.9 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . It can work with an RF input power as low as of 40 muW, and the data receiving rate is ~25 kbps. The measured standby current is less than 10 nA. The designed ASIC has been verified in a wireless switch demo system which can be used to switch a 220 V AC bulb remotely.
Cysteine <i>S</i>-glycosylation, a new post-translational modification found in glycopeptide bacteriocins (2011)

O-Glycosylation is a ubiquitous eukaryotic post-translational modification, whereas early reports of S-linked glycopeptides have never been verified. Prokaryotes also glycosylate proteins, but there are no confirmed examples of sidechain glycosylation in ribosomal antimicrobial polypeptides collectively known as bacteriocins. Here we show that glycocin F, a bacteriocin secreted by Lactobacillus plantarum KW30, is modified by an N-acetylglucosamine β-O-linked to Ser18, and an N-acetylhexosamine S-linked to C-terminal Cys43. The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine is essential for bacteriostatic activity, and the C-terminus is required for full potency (IC(50) 2 nM). Genomic context analysis identified diverse putative glycopeptide bacteriocins in Firmicutes. One of these, the reputed lantibiotic sublancin, was shown to contain a hexose S-linked to Cys22.
A preliminary investigation and analysis of student learning style preferences in further and higher education (2009)

In the current further education (FE) and higher education (HE) environment, students are under increasing pressure to perform well and achieve good results. As educators we must strive to enable students to make the most of their higher education by providing an education of the highest quality and enhance the learning experience. This study was undertaken as a preliminary investigation of how students learn and how we, as educators, can improve their learning. In this study, a range of students on different (FE and HE) courses completed the VARK (visual, audio, read/write, kinaesthetic) questionnaire on learning style preferences at the beginning of the semester. Responses were analysed and the author adapted various teaching techniques into course materials for the semester to accommodate the results obtained in the initial VARK survey. Students' responses were encouraging, with many being keen to participate with a view to improving their course performance. The author found that using a range of teaching techniques encouraged student participation in the course and, for some, enhanced their performance in assessment. This investigation provides an insight into the awareness of learning style preferences and how such awareness can be positively exploited in teaching and learning processes.
Net assignment in gate matrix layout (2003)

In the gate matrix layout approach for CMOS circuits, columns are first rearranged so as to minimize the number of rows needed. This problem is known to be NP-hard. When this is completed, the sets of nets and vertical diffusion runs are determined. The next problem is to assign the nets to rows so that the gate matrix can by physically laid out with minimum area. It is shown that this problem is also NP-hard and a heuristic algorithm is proposed for this problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>