gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic assessment of cholesterol on electrophoresis gels for estimating HDL size distribution and plasma concentrations of HDL subclasses (2010)

The aim of this study was to develop an enzymatic cholesterol staining method to determine HDL subclasses in a polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis, which further allows staining by protein in the same electrophoresis lane. HDLs from 120 healthy individuals were separated through nondenaturing PAGE. HDLs were stained for cholesterol using an enzymatic semisolid mixture. Once the gels were unstained, they were stained again for proteins with Coomassie blue. The proportions of HDL subclasses were determined by densitometry. HDL subclasses were transformed to concentrations using as reference HDL-cholesterol plasma levels. This method is comparable in linearity and reproducibility to Coomassie blue staining, although it provides quantitative data. As expected, HDL size distribution shifted toward larger particles when determined by cholesterol as compared with protein. With this method, we observed different proportions of HDL subclasses between men and women as compared with Coomassie blue staining. We described a method to determine HDL size distribution by enzymatic cholesterol staining on polyacrylamide gels. The method allows the quantification of the cholesterol plasma concentration of each HDL subclass with the possibility to further stain the protein in the same sample. The combination of HDL staining by cholesterol and protein on electrophoresis gels provides information that may have clinical relevance.
Deep Chain HDRI: Reconstructing a High Dynamic Range Image from a Single Low Dynamic Range Image (2018)

Recently, high dynamic range (HDR) imaging has attracted much attention as a technology to reflect human visual characteristics owing to the development of the display and camera technology. This paper proposes a novel deep neural network model that reconstructs an HDR image from a single low dynamic range (LDR) image. The proposed model is based on a convolutional neural network composed of dilated convolutional layers and infers LDR images with various exposures and illumination from a single LDR image of the same scene. Then, the final HDR image can be formed by merging these inference results. It is relatively simple for the proposed method to find the mapping between the LDR and an HDR with a different bit depth because of the chaining structure inferring the relationship between the LDR images with brighter (or darker) exposures from a given LDR image. The method not only extends the range but also has the advantage of restoring the light information of the actual physical world. The proposed method is an end-to-end reconstruction process, and it has the advantage of being able to easily combine a network to extend an additional range. In the experimental results, the proposed method shows quantitative and qualitative improvement in performance, compared with the conventional algorithms.
Evaluation of the Novel <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> ClariRes Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Clarithromycin Susceptibility Testing of <i>H. pylori</i> in Stool Specimens from Symptomatic Children (2007)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Helicobacter pylori ClariRes assay (Ingenetix, Vienna, Austria) for the detection of H. pylori infection and the simultaneous clarithromycin susceptibility testing of the H. pylori isolates in stool samples from 100 symptomatic children. The results obtained by this novel biprobe real-time PCR method were directly compared with the results obtained from histological examination of gastric biopsy specimens, culturing, the [13C]urea breath test, and a monoclonal antibody-based stool antigen enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Fecal specimens from all 54 children who were shown to be noninfected by "gold standard" tests gave true-negative PCR results (specificity, 100%). Of the remaining 46 individuals with a positive H. pylori status, 29 were found to be positive by real-time PCR (sensitivity, 63%). For these 29 cases, the H. pylori ClariRes assay confirmed all results from phenotypic clarithromycin susceptibility testing by Etest. In summary, this investigation demonstrates that detection of Helicobacter DNA in stool samples by real-time PCR is a difficult task and that this method cannot replace the stool antigen EIA (sensitivity, 95.7%) for the accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children.
A New Dip Coating Method to Obtain Large‐Surface Coatings with a Minimum of Solution (2015)

A new, simple bi-phasic dip-coating method is developed. This method is considered as a great improvement of the technique for research, development and production, since expensive, rare, harmful, or time-evolving solutions can now be easily deposited on large surfaces and on a single side from very little amounts of solution.
Survival, Acid and Bile Tolerance, and Surface Hydrophobicity of Microencapsulated <i>B. animalis</i> ssp. <i>lactis</i> Bb12 during Storage at Room Temperature (2011)

Survival, acid and bile tolerance, and surface hydrophobicity of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12 were studied during storage at room temperature (25 °C) at low water activity (0.07, 0.1, and 0.2). Two types of alginate-based systems were prepared with and without mannitol as microencapsulant of B. animalis ssp. lactis Bb12. Formation of gel beads containing cells was achieved by dropping each emulsion into CaCl(2) solution; then, the beads were freeze dried. Survival, acid tolerance during 2-h exposure in de Man, Rogosa, Sharpe (MRS) broth at pH 2.0, bile tolerance during 8-h exposure in MRS broth containing taurocholic acid at pH 5.8, and retention of surface hydrophobicity were determined after freeze drying and during storage. The result showed that neither alginate nor alginate-mannitol formulation was effective in protecting B. animalis ssp. lactis Bb12 during freezing and freeze drying. The viability in alginate-mannitol and alginate formulations after freeze drying was 6.61 and 6.34 log CFU/g, respectively. Storage at low a(w) improved survival, acid tolerance, bile tolerance, and surface hydrophobicity retention of microencapsulated B. animalis ssp. lactis Bb12 when compared with controlled storage in an aluminum foil (with a(w) of 0.38 and 0.40 for alginate-mannitol and alginate formulations, respectively). Alginate mannitol was more effective than the alginate system during a short period of storage, but its effectiveness decreased during a long period of storage (80% survival at 10 wk). Nevertheless, storage of microencapsulated B. animalis ssp. lactis Bb12 in an aluminum foil without a(w) adjustment during 10 wk at room temperature was not effective (survival was 64% to 65%).
Glutathione regulates 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl induced cytochrome P450 metabolism: evidence for a cross-talk between the two major detoxication pathways. (1996)

The cytochrome P450 and the glutathione systems are two major pathways of xenobiotic metabolism. We tested the effect of hepatic glutathione content on P450 CYP1A1/2 induction by 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Hepatic glutathione status of tetrachlorobiphenyl injected fish could be successfully manipulated by injecting (i.p.) glutathione or L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine to arrest glutathione synthesis. Tetrachlorobiphenyl injection resulted in a 17-fold increase in CYP1A catalytic (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase [EROD]) activity. This effect was further potentiated by 2.7-fold in fish in which hepatic glutathione content was elevated by 3.6-fold. The induction of EROD activity by tetrachlorobiphenyl was 7-fold lower in glutathione deficient (78%) liver. Hepatic glutathione deficiency also downregulated tetrachlorobiphenyl-induced CYP1A gene expression as indicated by lower CYP1A RNA levels. Elevated hepatic glutathione did not influence tetrachlorobiphenyl-induced CYP1A RNA level, but enhanced CYP1A protein expression. These enzyme activity, RNA and protein expression data present compelling evidence suggesting the involvement of tissue glutathione in the regulation of tetrachlorobiphenyl-induced cytochrome P450 dependent metabolism.
Combined dye-streak and hydrogen-bubble visual observations of a turbulent boundary layer (1974)

The turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate was observed visually using two dye injectors and a normal bubble wire. One dye injector was a standard wall slot; the other one was a small Pitot probe which could be placed anywhere in the flow. The purpose of these experiments was to improve understanding of the relationships between the bursting of low-speed streaks near the wall and the flow field farther away from the wall. On the basis of these observations, it seems that (i) each lift-up is associated with a disturbance which originates in the logarithmic region and is characterized by a mean motion towards the wall, and that (ii) such disturbances are generated by the interaction of an earlier burst from further upstream with the fluid motion in the logarithmic region.
Multiparty videoconferencing at virtual social distance (1994)

This paper describes the design and implementation of MAJIC, a multi-party videoconferencing system that projects life-size video images of participants onto a large curved screen as if users in various locations are attending a meeting together and sitting around a table. MAJIC also supports multiple eye contact among the participants and awareness of the direction of the participants' gaze. Hence, users can carry on a discussion in a manner comparable to face-to-face meetings. We made video-tape recordings of about twenty visitors who used the prototype of MAJIC at the Nikkei Collaboration Fair in Tokyo. Our initial observations based on this experiment are also reported in this paper.
Microstructure of polymers obtained by cationic polymerization ofendo-dicyclopentadiene (1996)

endo-Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) was polymerized by various cationic initiating systems in different solvents. IR and 1H NMR results show that four types of structural units are formed due to the corresponding addition modes: the addition on the norbornenic (NB) double bond generates unit I and rearranged unit II, while the addition on the cyclopentenic (CP) double bond produces unit III and rearranged unit IV. The reaction medium has a stronger effect on the microstructure of the polymer (PDCPD) than initiating systems. The polymers prepared in toluene and n-hexane contain all four structural units, while the polymer produced in methylene chloride is composed of structural units II and IV. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pimozide combined with behavior therapy in the short‐term treatment of anorexia nervosa (1982)

Eighteen female inpatients were included in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled cross‐over study aimed at testing the hypothesis that dopamine blockade may enhance the effectiveness of behavior therapy in the short‐term weight restoration of anorexia nervosa patients. The patients were given a uniform contingency management program and, after a baseline period, they alternatingly (3‐ week periods) received pirnozide (4 or 6 mg) or a placebo. During the first two periods pimozide almost significantly enhanced the weight gain induced by the behavior therapy program and beneficially influenced the patients attitude towards treatment.
Intracellular Segregation of Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate by Insulin-Dependent Actin Remodeling in L6 Skeletal Muscle Cells (2003)

Insulin stimulates glucose uptake by recruiting glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) from an intracellular pool to the cell surface through a mechanism that is dependent on phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (PI3-K) and cortical actin remodeling. Here we test the hypothesis that insulin-dependent actin filament remodeling determines the location of insulin signaling molecules. It has been shown previously that insulin treatment of L6 myotubes leads to a rapid rearrangement of actin filaments into submembrane structures where the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3-K and organelles containing GLUT4, VAMP2, and the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) colocalize. We now report that insulin receptor substrate-1 and the p110alpha catalytic subunit of PI3-K (but not p110beta) also colocalize with the actin structures. Akt-1 was also found in the remodeled actin structures, unlike another PI3-K effector, atypical protein kinase C lambda. Transiently transfected green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged pleckstrin homology (PH) domains of general receptor for phosphoinositides-1 (GRP1) or Akt (ligands of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI-3,4,5-P(3)]) migrated to the periphery of the live cells; in fixed cells, they were detected in the insulin-induced actin structures. These results suggest that PI-3,4,5-P(3) is generated on membranes located within the actin mesh. Actin remodeling and GLUT4 externalization were blocked in cells highly expressing GFP-PH-GRP1, suggesting that PI-3,4,5-P(3) is required for both phenomena. We propose that PI-3,4,5-P(3) leads to actin remodeling, which in turn segregates p85alpha and p110alpha, thus localizing PI-3,4,5-P(3) production on membranes trapped by the actin mesh. Insulin-stimulated actin remodeling may spatially coordinate the localized generation of PI-3,4,5-P(3) and recruitment of Akt, ultimately leading to GLUT4 insertion at the plasma membrane.
Electro-Optic Sampling: Device Embodiments And Possibilities (1988)

Short optical pulses have been involved in a number of areas of science and technology. It is now possible to generate optical pulses of less than 10 fs duration corresponding to only a few optical cycles. One of the most important applications of these short optical pulses is in electronics, where, in conjunction with the electro-optic effect, electrical waveforms now can be characterized with a few hundred femtosecond resolution - corresponding to 1 THz in bandwidth. This technique makes possible the characterization in situ of high-speed optoelectronic and electronic devices as well as circuits operating in the picosecond time scale or 100 GHz frequency domain.
Covalent Assembly of Heterosequenced Macrocycles and Molecular Cages through Orthogonal Dynamic Covalent Chemistry (ODCC) (2013)

Shape-persistent heterosequenced 2-D macrocycles and 3-D molecular cages have been prepared in one pot from two or three different monomers, through orthogonal dynamic covalent chemistry using dynamic imine and olefin metathesis.
Synthesis and Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationships of New 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (2000)

Fourteen new 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, namely (i) six 2-[2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-cyclopropyl]-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and (ii) eight 2-substituted-phenoxymethyl-5-substituted-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, were synthesized and evaluated for their insect growth regulatory activity against second-instar larvae of armyworm (Pseudaletia separata Walker). Two of these compounds (7 and 8) showed good insecticidal activities, with LC(50) values of 14.33 and 15.85 microg/mL, respectively. Steric parameters (e.g., the molecular length d and the ratio of the nonpolar surface area and polar surface area V(1)/V(2)) and semiempirical quantum parameters (e.g., the molecular total energy E(t) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy E(LUMO) and so on) of these compounds, as well as those of six other 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles reported, were acquired by the molecular modeling method and the PM3-SCF-MO method, respectively. With the help of the synthons' activity contribution method based on the Free-Wilson approach in its Fujita-Ban variant, quantitative structure-activity relationships were studied by regressing half-lethal concentrations against the above parameters.
DEAD-box RNA helicases in Escherichia coli (2006)

In spite of their importance in RNA metabolism, the function of DExD/H-box proteins (including DEAD-box proteins) is poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we present recent progress achieved with the five DEAD-box proteins from Escherichia coli, which have been particularly well studied. These proteins, which have orthologues in many bacteria, participate, in particular, in specific steps of mRNA decay and ribosome assembly. In vitro, they behave as poorly processive RNA helicases, presumably because they only unwind a few base pairs at each cycle so that stable duplexes can reanneal rather than dissociate. Except for one of them (DbpA), these proteins lack RNA specificity in vitro, and specificity in vivo is likely conferred by partners that target them to defined substrates. Interestingly, at least one of them is multifunctional, presumably because it can interact with different partners. Altogether, several aspects of the information gathered with these proteins have become paradigms for our understanding of DEAD-box proteins in general.
One-Carbon Metabolic Pathway Rewiring in Escherichia coli Reveals an Evolutionary Advantage of 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase (Fhs) in Survival under Hypoxia (2014)

In cells, N(10)-formyltetrahydrofolate (N(10)-fTHF) is required for formylation of eubacterial/organellar initiator tRNA and purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Biosynthesis of N(10)-fTHF is catalyzed by 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase (FolD) and/or 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (Fhs). All eubacteria possess FolD, but some possess both FolD and Fhs. However, the reasons for possessing Fhs in addition to FolD have remained unclear. We used Escherichia coli, which naturally lacks fhs, as our model. We show that in E. coli, the essential function of folD could be replaced by Clostridium perfringens fhs when it was provided on a medium-copy-number plasmid or integrated as a single-copy gene in the chromosome. The fhs-supported folD deletion (ΔfolD) strains grow well in a complex medium. However, these strains require purines and glycine as supplements for growth in M9 minimal medium. The in vivo levels of N(10)-fTHF in the ΔfolD strain (supported by plasmid-borne fhs) were limiting despite the high capacity of the available Fhs to synthesize N(10)-fTHF in vitro. Auxotrophy for purines could be alleviated by supplementing formate to the medium, and that for glycine was alleviated by engineering THF import into the cells. The ΔfolD strain (harboring fhs on the chromosome) showed a high NADP(+)-to-NADPH ratio and hypersensitivity to trimethoprim. The presence of fhs in E. coli was disadvantageous for its aerobic growth. However, under hypoxia, E. coli strains harboring fhs outcompeted those lacking it. The computational analysis revealed a predominant natural occurrence of fhs in anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria.
Cerium oxide nanoparticles: a promise for applications in therapy. (2011)

In the last years, increasing biological interest is emerging for nanotechnology that can improve pharmacological treatments, by using nanomaterials. In particular, cerium oxide nanoparticles, considered one of the most interesting nanomaterials for their catalytic properties, show a promise for application in therapy. Due to the presence of oxygen vacancies on its surface and autoregenerative cycle of its two oxidation states, Ce3+ and Ce4+, nanoceria can be used as an antioxidant agent. Because many disorders are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, cerium oxide nanoparticles may be a tool for the treatment of these pathologies. In this review we analyze the opinions, sometimes conflicting, of the scientific community about nanoceria, together with its capability to protect from various damages that induce cells to death, and to reduce oxidative stress, associated with a consequent reduction of inflammation.
Distribution of Organic Phosphorus in Humus Fractions (1972)

Distribution of organic phosphorus in humus fractions has been studied. Maximum organic phosphorus has been fractionated with non-humus fraction, followed by β-humus, fulvic acid, humic acid and hymatomelanic acid. Humins did not contain phosphorus. Phosphorus associated with humus fraction is not interrelated except in case of fulvic acid and β humus which has significant negative correlation.
Permanent Magnet Machines: Asychronous Operation (1980)

The permanent magnet motor operating at subsynchronous speeds, as during run-up, is treated with particular emphasis placed on the role that magnet excitation plays. The torque, during run-up, is separated into components called the "cage torque", the "magnet torque" and pulsating components of double-slip-frequency and single-slip-frequency. Equations for calculation of these torques are derived and a comparision of the relative magnitude is given.
Double phase-conjugate mirror: analysis, demonstration, and applications (1987)

We report on the operation of the double phase-conjugate mirror (DPCM). Two inputs to opposite sides of a photorefractive barium titanate crystal, which may carry different spatial images, are shown to pump the same four-wave mixing process mutually and are self-refracted without any external or internal crystal surface. This results in the phase-conjugate reproduction of the two images simultaneously. This device is analyzed theoretically, and applications in image processing, interferometry, and rotation sensing are discussed. We also demonstrate the operation of a ring laser, using the DPCM, as well as a photorefractive resonator with two facing DPCM's that can support spatial information in its oscillations.
Genetic manipulation of γ‐linolenic acid (GLA) synthesis in a commercial variety of evening primrose (<i>Oenothera</i> sp.) (2004)

A robust Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure was developed for Rigel, a commercial cultivar of evening primrose, and used to deliver a cDNA encoding a Delta(6)-desaturase from borage under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Analysis of the transformed plants demonstrated an altered profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids, with an increase in gamma-linolenic acid and octadecatetraenoic acid in leaf tissues when compared with control lines.
Examination of the Flame Transmission Through Porous Structures (2008)

Porous structures can be used to avoid flame transmissions as it is done in flame arresters or breathing devices of explosion protected equipment. A detailed examination of the different flame transmission behaviours of different porous structures is performed using several methods of laser diagnostics. The flow behaviour is analysed using a Schlieren technique and the flame transmission itself is examined using laser induced fluorescence of OH radicals.
Response to the essay “On computational complexity and the nature of computer science” (1995)

article Free Access Share on Response to the essay “On computational complexity and the nature of computer science” Author: Juris Hartmanis Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 27Issue 1pp 59–61https://doi.org/10.1145/214037.214097Published:01 March 1995Publication History 3citation603DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads603Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Incidence of autism spectrum disorders: Changes over time and their meaning* (2005)

Progress in testing environmental risk hypotheses will require the integration of epidemiological and biological studies.