gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
“Postbiotics” - One Step Ahead of Probiotics (2019)

Food is the basic necessity of mankind. Human gastrointestinal tract resident microflora contains good bacteria that extend therapeutic benefits which are termed as Probiotics. The use of probiotics, prebiotics that stimulates probiotics and synbiotics which is a combination of pro and prebiotics improve the gut homeostasis, has been blooming for the past decade. Recent work on relevant probiotic strains has also led to the isolation and characterisation of certain probiotic derived metabolites called as postbiotics. The different forms of postbiotics include peptidoglycans; exopolysaccharides; organic acids or short-chain fatty acids, peptide molecules; and bacteriocins. These have favourable absorption, metabolism and distribution abilities which could indicate a high capacity to signal different organs and tissues in the host thus eliciting several biological responses. The incorporation of live probiotic bacteria in foods is dependent on propagation, processing steps, viability, survival number, colonization and so on. To overcome these problems their metabolites may be a good alternative to probiotics. In contrast, postbiotics are supposed to be more stable than the probiotics allowing their application in a wide variety of functional food products.
The anti‐inflammatory effect of an oral immunoglobulin (IgA‐IgG) preparation and its possible relevance for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (1994)

An exaggerated release of inflammatory mediators has been implicated in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Oral administration of a human immunoglobulin preparation (serum IgA-IgG) has been demonstrated to be an effective prophylaxis for NEC. The aim of the present study was to examine the regulatory effect of a human IgA-IgG preparation on the release of inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes. Our results indicate that the immunoglobulin preparation inhibits TNF-alpha and IL-6 release in monocytes following stimulation with heat-inactivated Hib in a dose-dependent manner. This might have a biological relevance in infants receiving oral immunoglobulin prophylaxis for NEC, since modulation of the release of inflammatory mediators at the level of the gastrointestinal mucosa could interfere with the development of noxious sequelae of acute and/or chronic inflammation initiated by microbial pathogens or their toxins that finally lead to the pathologic changes associated with NEC.
System-Level Biochip for Impedance Sensing and Programmable Manipulation of Bladder Cancer Cells (2011)

This paper develops a dielectrophoretic (DEP) chip with multi-layer electrodes and a micro-cavity array for programmable manipulations of cells and impedance measurement. The DEP chip consists of an ITO top electrode, flow chamber, middle electrode on an SU-8 surface, micro-cavity arrays of SU-8 and distributed electrodes at the bottom of the micro-cavity. Impedance sensing of single cells could be performed as follows: firstly, cells were trapped in a micro-cavity array by negative DEP force provided by top and middle electrodes; then, the impedance measurement for discrimination of different stage of bladder cancer cells was accomplished by the middle and bottom electrodes. After impedance sensing, the individual releasing of trapped cells was achieved by negative DEP force using the top and bottom electrodes in order to collect the identified cells once more. Both cell manipulations and impedance measurement had been integrated within a system controlled by a PC-based LabVIEW program. In the experiments, two different stages of bladder cancer cell lines (grade III: T24 and grade II: TSGH8301) were utilized for the demonstration of programmable manipulation and impedance sensing; as the results show, the lower-grade bladder cancer cells (TSGH8301) possess higher impedance than the higher-grade ones (T24). In general, the multi-step manipulations of cells can be easily programmed by controlling the electrical signal in our design, which provides an excellent platform technology for lab-on-a-chip (LOC) or a micro-total-analysis-system (Micro TAS).
An RTS-on-demand Mechanism to Overcome Self-interference in an 802.11 System (2007)

The IEEE 802.11 standard defines a Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) mechanism to reduce the impact from self-interference such as hidden terminals. However, the usage of RTS/CTS is only based on a pre-defined fixed packet size threshold, focusing only on the cost rather than the presence of interference. This paper presents an RTS on Demand (RoD) mechanism to dynamically utilize the RTS/CTS based on the interference situation (e.g. collision) by monitoring various parameters such as response frame to an unknown station, retransmission attempt, and collision rate monitored at the intended receiver. Numerical analysis of the proposed RoD mechanism compared to the conventional 802.11 RTS/CTS mechanism is provided in the paper.
Study of the Thermal‐Denaturation Mechanism of Hen Egg‐White Lysozyme through Proteolytic Degradation (1972)

The all‐or‐none character for denaturation of gloublar proteins was studied, in the case of hen egg‐white lysozyme, through pepsin digestion of the enzyme at pH 2.0. Finding complete agreement of the thermodynamic values obtained through proteolysis and through direct analysis of the thermal transition curve, we conclude that, in the case of lysozyme, the thermal native ⇄ denatured transition is of the all‐or‐none type. In addition it was possible to obtain accurate Δ H ° and percentage denaturation values in the low temperature range. Studies on the enzymatic degradation of lysozyme by pepsin, suggested that at different stages of the digestion, there is no indication of formation of any stable high‐molecular weight intermediates possessing enzymatic activity. It is therefore concluded that the breakdown of lysozyme proceeds according to a typical one‐by‐one mechanism.
Molecular Therapeutic Approaches for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2014)

Approximately two-thirds of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are cured with intensive multi-agent chemotherapy. However, refractory and relapsed AML remains a significant source of childhood cancer mortality, highlighting the need for new therapies. Further therapy intensification with traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy in pediatric AML is not feasible given the risks of both short-term and long-term organ dysfunction. Substantial emphasis has been placed upon the development of molecularly targeted therapeutic approaches for adults and children with high-risk subtypes of AML with the goal of improving remission induction and minimizing relapse. Several promising agents are currently in clinical testing or late preclinical development for AML, including monoclonal antibodies against leukemia cell surface proteins, kinase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, epigenetic agents, and chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cell immunotherapies. Many of these therapies have been specifically tested in children with relapsed/refractory AML in Phase 1 and 2 trials with a smaller number of new agents under Phase 3 evaluation for children with de novo AML. Although successful identification and implementation of new drugs for children with AML remain a formidable challenge, enthusiasm for novel molecular therapeutic approaches is great given the potential for significant clinical benefit for children who do not have other curative options.
A multifrequency waveguide grating laser by selective area epitaxy (1994)

We demonstrate a 6 frequency digitally tunable laser based on a waveguide grating router fabricated using selective area epitaxy (SAE). The laser wavelengths span from 1.527 to 1.557 μm with 6.4 nm spacings. The bandgap variation in the active layer plane is from 1.352 μm for waveguide ribs to 1.605 μm for the amplifiers. ASE noise is suppressed by 35 db. These results demonstrate the flexibility of SAE technology for building complete photonic circuits.
Muscle Stiffness and Spinal Stretch Reflex Sensitivity in the Triceps Surae (2008)

A moderate level of pretension (eg, 30%) likely eliminates series elastic slack; thus, a greater change in force per unit-of-length change (ie, heightened stiffness) would have minimal effects on coupling of the muscle spindle and the stretch stimulus and, therefore, on spinal stretch reflex sensitivity. It appears unlikely that differences in musculotendinous stiffness influenced spinal stretch reflex sensitivity when initiated from a moderate level of pretension. Consequently, differences in musculotendinous stiffness did not appear to influence dynamic joint stability with respect to reflexive neuromuscular control.
Branch Flow Model for Radial Networks: Convex Relaxation (2012)

Power flow optimization is generally nonlinear and non-convex, and a second-order cone relaxation has been proposed recently for convexification. We prove several sufficient conditions under which the relaxation is exact. One of these conditions seems particularly realistic and suggests guidelines on integrating distributed generations.
Perovskite Solar Cells: Do We Know What We Do Not Know? (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEGuest CommentaryNEXTPerovskite Solar Cells: Do We Know What We Do Not Know?David A. Egger, Eran Edri, David Cahen*, and Gary HodesView Author Information Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2015, 6, 2, 279–282Publication Date (Web):January 15, 2015Publication History Published online15 January 2015Published inissue 15 January 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jz502726bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jz502726beditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views7321Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (785 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Genetics,Hysteresis,Materials,Perovskites,Solar cells Get e-Alerts
Real-time smart antenna processing for GSM1800 base station (2003)

We successfully implemented a smart antenna array processor for a GSM1800 base station. The entire array processing run-time is only 1 ms, allowing real-time adaptation of the antenna pattern every GSM frame. The array processing is based on the estimation of the DOAs in the uplink. Separate DOA trackers for uplink and downlink, angular selection diversity, and beamforming with broad nulls guarantee robustness in mobile radio channels. Measurements in a LOS scenario show that the DOA estimation accuracy is on the order of 1/spl deg/ for 0 dB input SNR. BER measurements confirm the expected signal-to-noise gain of /spl ap/9 dB compared to the single antenna case. In case of one interferer a BER of 1% is reached for an input C/I of -6.5 dB.
Vapor-phase oxidative coupling of methane under pressure (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor-phase oxidative coupling of methane under pressureKenji Asami, Kohji Omata, Kaoru Fujimoto, and Hiroo TominagaCite this: Energy Fuels 1988, 2, 4, 574–577Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00010a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00010a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Issues in the Design of Adaptive Middleware Load Balancing (2001)

Load balancing middleware is used extensively to improve scalability and overall system throughput in distributed systems. Many load balancing middleware services are simplistic, however, since they are geared only for specic use-cases and environments. These limitations make it hard to use the same load balancing service for anything other than the distributed application it was designed for originally. This lack of generality forces continuous re-development of application-specic load balancing services. Not only does re-development increase deployment costs of distributed applications, but it also increases the potential of producing non-optimal load balancing implementations since proven load balancing service optimizations cannot be reused directly.This paper presents a set of load balancing service features that address many existing middleware load balancing service inadequacies, such as lack of server-side transparency, centralized load balancing, sole support for stateless replication, fixed load monitoring granularities, lack of fault tolerant load balancing, non-extensible load balancing algorithms, and simplistic replica management. All the capabilities described in this paper are currently under development for the next generation of middleware-based load balancing service distributed with our CORBA-compliant ORB (TAO).
Model for the localization of sound in the azimuthal plane (1976)

An objective study of the interaural time difference (ITD) was performed on a manikin comprised of a head and a torso. Data were taken for both a bare and a closed torso. The measured ITD's correspond reasonably accurately at the low and the high frequencies to the computed theoretical values for a rigid sphere of an effective radius a. The theoretical ratio of the low-frequency (&lt;500 Hz) ITD to the high frequency (&gt;2000 Hz) ITD is 32. The measured ITD is a minimum between 1.4 and 1.6 kHz for angles of incidence, θinc, of sound between 15° and 60°. At both the low and the high frequencies the data can be expressed by universal curves when the ITD is normalized by (a/c0) sinθinc, where c0 is the speed of sound in air and θinc is the angle of incidence. Both the ITD and the interaural sound pressure level difference (ILD) show differences between measurements made with the bare torso and those with a clothed torso. These objective results support the subjective measurements of past experiments which showed that in a man there was no localization improvement below approximately 500 Hz, poor localization between 1000 Hz and 2000 Hz, and a change in the localization cue around 1400 Hz from ITD to ILD.
The preparation of 1,2,4‐Triazines and 1,2,4‐Triazolines from substituted carboxamide hydrazones (1970)

Abstract Substituted carboxamide hydrazones have been condensed with 2,3‐butanedione and with glyoxal to form 1,2,4‐triazines; with benzaldehyde and pyridine‐2‐carboxaldehyde to yield 1,2,4‐triazolines.
Edge profiling versus path profiling (1998)

Edge profiles are the traditional control flow profile of choice for profile-directed compilation. They have been the basis of path-based optimizations that select paths, even though edge profiles contain strictly less information than path profiles. Recent work on path profiling has suggested that path profiles are superior to edge profiles in practice.We present theoretic and algorithmic results that may be used to determine when an edge profile is a good predictor of hot paths (and what those hot paths are) and when it is a poor predictor. Our algorithms efficiently compute sets of definitely and potentially hot paths in a graph annotated with an edge profile. A definitely hot path has a frequency greater than some non-zero lower bound in all path profiles that induce a given edge profile.Experiments on the SPEC95 benchmarks show that a huge percentage of the execution frequency in these programs is dominated by definitely hot paths (on average, 84% for FORTRAN benchmarks and 76% for C benchmarks). We also show that various hot path selection algorithms based on edge profiles work extremely well in most cases, but that path profiling is needed in some cases. These results indicate the usefulness of our algorithms for characterizing edge profiles and selecting hot paths.
Moving Application Logic from the Firmware to the Cloud: Towards the Thin Server Architecture for the Internet of Things (2012)

Unlike traditional networked embedded systems, the Internet of Things interconnects heterogeneous devices from various manufacturers with diverse functionalities. To foster the emergence of novel applications, this vast infrastructure requires a common application layer. As a single global standard for all device types and application domains is impracticable, we propose an architecture where the infrastructure is agnostic of applications and application development is fully decoupled from the embedded domain. In our design, the application logic of devices is running on application servers, while thin servers embedded into devices export only their elementary functionality using REST resources. In this paper, we present our design goals and preliminary results of this approach, featuring the Californium (Cf) CoAP framework.
Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade (2018)

The wide range of immune-related adverse effects associated with immune checkpoint blockade can complicate this effective therapy and limit its use in patients with cancer. This review surveys the adverse effects and their management.
A Hybrid Approach to Rendering Handwritten Characters (2004)

With the growing popularity of pen-based computers comes the need to display clear handwritten characters at\nsmall sizes on low-resolution displays. This paper describes a method for automatically constructing hinted\nTrueType fonts from on-line handwriting data. Hints add extra information to glyph outlines in the form of\nimperative constraints overriding side effects of the rasterization process. We use an aggressive matching\nstrategy to find correspondences between an input glyph and a previously-hinted template, considering both\nglobal and local features to allow hinting even when they differ in shape and topology. Recognizing that stroke\nwidth statistics are among features that characterize a person’s handwriting, we recalculate global values in the\ncontrol value table (CVT) before transfer to preserve the characteristics of the original handwriting.
Mycoplasma Contamination of Cultured Amniotic Fluid Cells: Potential Hazard to Prenatal Chromosomal Diagnosis (1974)

Amniotic fluid cell cultures were screened for mycoplasma contamination. Mycoplasma RNA's were observed in more than half the cultures examined. Karyotypic analyses of these contaminated cell cultures revealed a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations. These studies emphasize the need for screening for mycoplasma in cultured amniotic cells.
Anticoccidials. VII. Synthesis of 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid 1-oxides. (1980)

Hydrolysis of 1, 6-dihydro-6-oxo-2, 3-pyrazinedicarbonitrile (4) gave sodium hydrogen 1, 6-dihydro-6-oxo-2, 3-pyrazinedicarboxylate (6), which was converted to methyl 1, 6-dihydro-6-oxo-2-pyrazinecarboxylate (10) and methyl 4, 5-dihydro-5-oxo-2-pyrazine-carboxylate (12) via a sequence of reactions including decarboxylation and esterification. Although the synthesis of 4, 5-dihydro-5-oxo-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid 1-oxide (2) from 12 was unsuccessful, its 6-methyl derivative 3 was synthesized from the 5-methyl analog of 4.
Novel, Potent, Semisynthetic Antimalarial Carba Analogues of the First-Generation 1,2,4-Trioxane Artemether (1999)

Ten novel, second-generation, fluorinated ether and ester analogues of the potent first-generation analogues artemether (4a) and arteether (4b) have been designed and synthesized. All of the compounds demonstrate high antimalarial potency in vitro against the chloroquine-sensitive HB3 and -resistant K1 strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The most potent derivative 8 was 15 times more potent than artemisinin (2) against the HB3 strain of P. falciparum. In vivo, versus Plasmodium berghei in the mouse, selected derivatives were generally less potent than dihydroartemisinin with ED(50) values of between 5 and 8 mg/kg. On the basis of the products obtained from the in vitro biomimetic Fe(II)-mediated decomposition of 8, the radical mediator of biological activity of this series may be different from that of the parent drug, artemisinin (2).
SHELF AGE OF THE POLYETHYLENE TIBIAL COMPONENT AND OUTCOME OF UNICONDYLAR KNEE ARTHROPLASTY (2004)

Aging on the shelf accelerated fatigue failure of polyethylene inserts sterilized with gamma irradiation in air and compromised our intermediate-term clinical outcomes with this unicondylar knee replacement system. Attention to the relationship between the shelf age and the clinical performance of the polyethylene component continues to be warranted with unicondylar knee arthroplasty implants.