gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Load-Dependent Soft-Switching Method of Half-Bridge Current Doubler for High-Voltage Point-of-Load Converter in Data Center Power Supplies (2016)

With the increased cloud computing and digital information storage, the energy requirement of data centers keeps increasing. A high-voltage point of load (HV POL) with an input series output parallel structure is proposed to convert 400 to 1 VDC within a single stage to increase the power conversion efficiency. The symmetrical controlled half-bridge current doubler is selected as the converter topology in the HV POL. A load-dependent soft-switching method has been proposed with an auxiliary circuit that includes inductor, diode, and MOSFETs so that the hard-switching issue of typical symmetrical controlled half-bridge converters is resolved. The operation principles of the proposed soft-switching half-bridge current doubler have been analyzed in detail. Then, the necessity of adjusting the timing with the loading in the proposed method is analyzed based on losses, and a controller is designed to realize the load-dependent operation. A lossless RCD current sensing method is used to sense the output inductor current value in the proposed load-dependent operation. Experimental efficiency of a hardware prototype is provided to show that the proposed method can increase the converter's efficiency in both heavy- and light-load conditions.
Proteasomes: Methods for Preparation (2001)

Abstract The 26S proteasome is a eukaryotic, ATP‐dependent protease complex comprising the S20 proteasome and a pair of symmetrically disposed PA 700 regulatory particles. Both components can be purified by various chromatographic techniques after sample preparation.
BRIDGE: Building Plan Repository for Image Description Generation, and Evaluation (2019)

In this paper, a large scale public dataset containing floor plan images and their annotations is presented. BRIDGE (Building plan Repository for Image Description Generation, and Evaluation) dataset contains more than 13000 images of the floor plan and annotations collected from various websites, as well as publicly available floor plan images in the research domain. The images in BRIDGE also has annotations for symbols, region graphs, and paragraph descriptions. The BRIDGE dataset will be useful for symbol spotting, caption and description generation, scene graph synthesis, retrieval and many other tasks involving building plan parsing. In this paper, we also present an extensive experimental study for tasks like furniture localization in a floor plan, caption and description generation, on the proposed dataset showing the utility of BRIDGE.
Serotyping and serology studies of campylobacteriosis associated with consumption of raw milk (1984)

A community outbreak of 15 cases of gastroenteritis was traced to consumption of unpasteurized milk produced at one commercial dairy. Using two different testing schemes, we found that a Campylobacter jejuni isolate from an ill patient and an isolate from a sick cow were the same serotype. Bacteriological studies suggested that a single epidemic strain of Campylobacter jejuni caused this outbreak.
Studi Tata Letak Fasilitas di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Brondong Kabupaten Lamongan Propinsi Jawa Timur (2013)

This study was conducted on August 2008 in Brondong Fishing Port, Lamongan District, East Java Province and survey method was used. The aims of this study was toobserve spatial planning facilities based on fishing and fishermen supporting activities andtried to obtain some solutions on issues were found. The result show, spatial planningfacilities on Brondong fishing port are relatively appropriate where each facility locate onit’s space those improve efficiency and affectivity facilities. Some issues were found;Brondong fishing port had large fisheries activities since it has large number of fishingvessel landed and others activities then its capacity.
Protonic Conductivity in Imidazole Single Crystal (1970)

Imidazole single crystal has a highly anisotropic conductivity; the ratio of conductivity in the c and a crystallographic directions is ∼103. In the c crystallographic direction, the hydrogen bonded direction, protonic carriers are discharged as hydrogen at the negative electrode. The limiting conduction process is possibly due to L-defect injection and transport back down the hydrogen bonded chain after the proton is discharged. Conductivity in the a direction is probably electronic and extrinsic.
JAKs and STATs in Immunity, Immunodeficiency, and Cancer (2013)

A large number of cytokines signal through the JAK–STAT pathway. Abnormal function of this pathway may lead to a variety of diseases. Targeting the defects in this signaling pathway has already led to treatment advances, and further advances are likely.
An overview of the OmniTRACS®: the first operational two-way mobile Ku-band satellite communications system (1989)

Description des options et des caracteristiques techniques du systeme de service mobile par satellite OmniTRACS. Ce systeme developpe par QUALCOMM fonctionne dans la bande Ku 12/14 GHz attribuee au service de satellite fixe
Synthesis and application of sulfenamides (1996)

The results of studies on the use of sulfenamides in organic synthesis are systematised and generalised. The fields of industrial application of sulfenamides are considered. The bibliography includes 220 references.
DC-SQUID magnetometer system for detecting vector value of magnetic field (1989)

A vector magnetometer system for biomagnetic applications is described. The system consists of two vector magnetometers, each comprising three integrated SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) magnetometers located perpendicularly to each other to detect three orthogonal components of the magnetic field simultaneously. The resolution of each orthogonal component is 11 fT/ square root Hz in the write noise region. This system has been used in magneto-cardiography and for measuring the spontaneous magnetic field from the human brain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FDTD analysis for printed dipole antenna with balun (2002)

This paper presents the analysis of the printed dipole antenna on dielectric substrate by FDTD method, and investigates the feed circuit structure.
<i>C</i>-Glycosidation Technology With Free Radical Reactions (1998)

The fundamentals of sugar anomer radicals and their reduction, addition, substitution, and rearrangement reactions are summarized. The preparation of C-glycosides and C-nucleosides via the formation of anomer radicals is reported.
Weed detection in canola fields using maximum likelihood classification and deep convolutional neural network (2019)

Herbicide use is rising globally to enhance food production, causing harm to environment and the ecosystem. Precision agriculture suggests variable-rate herbicide application based on weed densities to mitigate adverse effects of herbicides. Accurate weed density estimation using advanced computer vision techniques like deep learning requires large labelled agriculture data. Labelling large agriculture data at pixel level is a time-consuming and tedious job. In this paper, a methodology is developed to accelerate manual labelling of pixels using a two-step procedure. In the first step, the background and foreground are segmented using maximum likelihood classification, and in the second step, the weed pixels are manually labelled. Such labelled data is used to train semantic segmentation models, which classify crop and background pixels as one class, and all other vegetation as the second class. This paper evaluates the proposed methodology on high-resolution colour images of canola fields and makes performance comparison of deep learning meta-architectures like SegNet and UNET and encoder blocks like VGG16 and ResNet-50. ResNet-50 based SegNet model has shown the best results with mean intersection over union value of 0.8288 and frequency weighted intersection over union value of 0.9869.
Simultaneous determination of etoposide and its catechol metabolite in the plasma of pediatric patients by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (2001)

The anticancer drug etoposide is associated with leukemias with MLL gene translocations and other translocations as a treatment complication. The genotype of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which converts etoposide to its catechol metabolite, influences the risk. In order to perform pharmacokinetic studies aimed at further elucidation of the translocation mechanism, we have developed and validated a liquid chromatography/electrospray/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous analysis of etoposide and its catechol metabolite in human plasma. The etoposide analog teniposide was used as the internal standard. Liquid chromatography was performed on a YMC ODS-AQ column. Simultaneous determination of etoposide and its catechol metabolite was achieved using a small volume of plasma, so that the method is suitable for pediatric patients. The limits of detection were 200 ng ml(-1) etoposide and 10 ng ml(-1) catechol metabolite in human plasma and 25 ng ml(-1) etoposide and 2.5 ng ml(-1) catechol metabolite in protein-free plasma, respectively. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for concentrations in the calibration curve ranges 0.2--100 microg ml(-1) etoposide and 10--5000 ng ml(-1) catechol metabolite in human plasma. Acceptable precision and accuracy for protein-free human plasma in the range 25--15 000 ng ml(-1) etoposide and 2.5--1500 ng ml(-1) etoposide catechol were also achieved. This method was selective and sensitive enough for the simultaneous quantitation of etoposide and its catechol as a total and protein-free fraction in small plasma volumes from pediatric cancer patients receiving etoposide chemotherapy. A pharmacokinetic model has been developed for future studies in large populations.
The inhibitory activities of 480156-S and its related compounds on prostaglandin synthetase. (1987)

The inhibitory activities of 2-arylpropionic acids on prostaglandin synthetase were in the order of: Flurbiprofen (ID50, 0.10 microM) greater than Indomethacin (0.28 microM) greater than Ketoprofen (0.34 microM) greater than Naproxen (2.5 microM) greater than 480156-S (6.0 microM) greater than Ibuprofen (6.5 microM) greater than Benoxaprofen (47.9 microM). The S(+)-enantiomers had 15-300 times higher inhibitory activities than the corresponding R(-)-enantiomers. 2-Phenylpropionic acid and the metabolites of 480156-S (M-I, M-II and M-III) did not show any inhibitory activity on prostaglandin synthetase. Therefore, the presence of a hydrophobic substituent group, such as thiazolyloxy, on the benzene ring of 2-phenylpropionic acid is essential for the inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase, and the compound with the para substituent showed the highest inhibitory activity. The substituent groups also influence the inhibitory activity. Thiazolylamino (compound No. 320) and 3-methyl-4-thiazolin-2-ylidenamino (229) showed higher inhibitory activity than thiazolyloxy (156), and N-methyl-N-thiazol-2-ylamino (185) showed the lowest activity. The placement of a fluoro atom at the 3-position or two chloro atoms at the 3,5-positions of the benzene ring increased the inhibitory activity of the prostaglandin synthetase, but this did not necessarily occur with the placement of a chloro atom at the 3-position. Inhibitory activities of 480156-S-related compounds against prostaglandin synthetase showed a good correlation with their anti-inflammatory activities, but did not correlate with their analgesic activities.
Quantitative monitoring of the <i>PRAME</i> gene for the detection of minimal residual disease in leukaemia (2001)

PRAME (Preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma) has been previously identified as a melanoma antigen recognized by cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and found to be expressed in a variety of cancer cells including leukaemic cells. We have screened 98 Japanese patients with leukaemia and lymphoma for expression of the PRAME gene using semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Forty-one patients (42%) showed high levels of PRAME expression. Eight of these patients were then monitored using real-time PCR for a period of 10-37 months. Significant reductions in the PRAME expression were observed in all patients after chemotherapy. An increased expression was detected in the two patients who relapsed, one of which was before cytological diagnosis. These changes were correlated with those of other known genetic markers, such as the bcr-abl gene. Therefore, quantitative monitoring of the PRAME gene using real-time PCR method may be useful for detecting minimal residual disease and to predict subsequent relapse, especially in patients without known genetic markers. In addition, a PRAME-positive leukaemia cell line and fresh leukaemic cells were found to be susceptible to lysis by PRAME-specific CTLs established from a patient with melanoma, suggesting that the PRAME peptide can also be a target leukaemia antigen for T cells.
Calcium Ion Contribution to Thermostability of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Is Closely Related to Calcium-Binding Site CaIII (2013)

In the study, we investigated the contribution of Ca²⁺ to the thermostability of α-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (α-CGTase) from Paenibacillus macerans , which has two calcium-binding sites (CaI and CaII), and β-CGTase from Bacillus circulans , which contains an additional calcium-binding site (CaIII), consisting of Ala315 and Asp577. It was found that the contribution of Ca²⁺ to the thermostability of two CGTases displayed a marked difference. Ca²⁺ affected β-CGTase thermostability significantly. After Ca²⁺ was added to β-CGTase solution to a final concentration of 5 mM followed by incubation for 120 min at 60 °C, residual activity of β-CGTase was 88.3%, which was much higher than that without Ca²⁺. However, Ca²⁺ had a small contribution to α-CGTase thermostability. Furthermore, A315D and D577K mutations at CaIII could significantly change the contribution of Ca²⁺ to β-CGTase thermostability. These results suggested that the contribution of Ca²⁺ to CGTase thermostability was closely related to CaIII.
Developing an Adaptive Digital Talking Book Player with FAME (2007)

This article presents the development of an adaptive multimodal Digital Talking Book player using FAME. FAME is a conceptual framework for the development of adaptive multimodal applications. FAME&apos;s adaptation is based on context changes. The context is defined by three entities: User, Platform and Environment. The adaptation can impact multimodal operations, as well as interaction and presentation aspects. FAME introduces the notion of Behavioral Matrix. This is used to represent adaptation rules, store their activation count, and provide a mechanism for changing active rules in response to changes in the context. Usability and accessibility flaws have been identified in current Digital Talking Book players. The developed player proved the feasibility of FAME for developing adaptive multimodal applications, while also demonstrating that the introduction of multimodal input and outputs and of adaptive features helps overcome the limitations of current players. 1.
一起卡拉OKVS．独自打保龄球：西方规则转为发展与民主驱动力的场景诠释 (2015)

是什么驱动着工作场所和政治上的合作、民主、信任、经济与人口增长？抑或是对它们形成阻碍？普特南、韦尔巴等、佛罗里达、格菜泽、劳埃德、斯科特和波特等发展出的西方模型所强调的变量，在分析亚洲时有时会出现显著的差异。从托克维尔强调“参与促进合法性”到“波西米亚促进创新”，这些依托于个人主义和个体主动性的观点或模型，在对中国、韩国和日本的相关动力展开新研究时，相对于对美国、加拿大、法国和西班牙的分析而言，经常会遭致失败或大幅转变。当西方社会中社会团体在发挥驱动力方面的作用减弱时，诸如卡拉OK餐厅和酒吧等在巩固工作场所、家庭的团结方面开始扮演关键角色。本文构建了一个多层次的解释框架来理清：文化、政治和经济动力如何渗透到不同且富有变化的组合（背景）中。年轻人、工人与普通大众的参与或疏离左右着其他社会过程。艺术和文化在不同环境下不仅可以构成时尚和魅力，也可以分离成违规和非真实。这些都会随着背景的不同而发生改变。
Cutting Edge: Soluble IL-6R Is Produced by IL-6R Ectodomain Shedding in Activated CD4 T Cells (2008)

IL-6 trans-signaling via the soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) plays an important role in the progression of several autoimmune diseases and cancer by providing IL-6-responsiveness to cells lacking IL-6R. However, the potential sources of sIL-6R are less understood. In this study we show that sIL-6R is produced by both naive and memory CD4 T cells upon TCR activation. The production of sIL-6R by activated CD4 T cells is mediated by shedding of the membrane-bound IL-6R, and this process correlates with the expression of the metalloproteinase ADAM17 in these cells. In contrast to CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells do not express ADAM17 and their production of sIL-6R is negligible. Thus, during an immune response CD4 T cells are an important source of sIL-6R. Production of sIL-6R by autoreactive CD4 T cells may contribute to their role in the development of autoimmune disease by conferring IL-6-responsiveness to cells lacking IL-6R such as synoviocytes.
Autonomous Inter Cell Interference Avoidance under Fractional Load for Downlink Long Term Evolution (2009)

The main source of interference in OFDMA system in downlink is inter-cell interference, which can severely limit the throughput of users near the cell edge. The inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) is one method to improve the performance. In this paper autonomous inter-cell interference avoidance schemes under fractional load (FL) conditions in the downlink for 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) are proposed. The proposed schemes do not require any inter-cell signaling for ICIC; rather the decision about the allocation of the spectrum in order to avoid the inter- cell interference is taken based on the information available within the cell itself. We show that the schemes for spectral resource selection is important for FL scenario to avoid high BLER. The proposed schemes further improve the SINR condition therefore higher cell throughput and coverage are realized.
UGT73C6 and UGT78D1, Glycosyltransferases Involved in Flavonol Glycoside Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana (2003)

Flavonol glycosides constitute one of the most prominent plant natural product classes that accumulate in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. To date there are no reports of functionally characterized flavonoid glycosyltransferases in Arabidopsis, despite intensive research efforts aimed at both flavonoids and Arabidopsis. In this study, flavonol glycosyltransferases were considered in a functional genomics approach aimed at revealing genes involved in determining the flavonol-glycoside profile. Candidate glycosyltransferase-encoding genes were selected based on homology to other known flavonoid glycosyltransferases and two T-DNA knockout lines lacking flavonol-3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-rhamnosides (ugt78D1) and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-glucoside (ugt73C6 and ugt78D1) were identified. To confirm the in planta results, cDNAs encoding both UGT78D1 and UGT73C6 were expressed in vitro and analyzed for their qualitative substrate specificity. UGT78D1 catalyzed the transfer of rhamnose from UDP-rhamnose to the 3-OH position of quercetin and kaempferol, whereas UGT73C6 catalyzed the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to the 7-OH position of kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, respectively. The present results suggest that UGT78D1 and UGT73C6 should be classified as UDP-rhamnose:flavonol-3-Orhamnosyltransferase and UDP-glucose:flavonol-3-O-glycoside-7-O-glucosyltransferase, respectively.
Induction of Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes via Both CD4+CD25+ T Regulatory Cells and T Regulatory Type 1 Cells (2006)

Success in developing novel therapies to recommence self-tolerance in autoimmunity depends on the induction of T regulatory (Tr) cells. Here, we report that rapamycin combined with interleukin (IL)-10 efficiently blocks type 1 diabetes development and induces long-term immunotolerance in the absence of chronic immunosuppression in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Rapamycin mediates accumulation in the pancreas of suppressive CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Tr cells, which prevent diabetes. IL-10 induces Tr type 1 (Tr1) cells, which reside in the spleen and prevent migration of diabetogenic T-cells to the draining lymph nodes. These two Tr cell subsets act in concert to control diabetogenic T-cells that are still present in long-term tolerant mice. Rapamycin plus IL-10 treatment, promoting distinct subsets of Tr cells, may constitute a novel and potent tolerance-inducing protocol for immune-mediated diseases.
Design and Fabrication of Monopole Antenna with Three Branch Strips and Rectangular Slit Ground for WLAN/WiMAX Applications (2011)

본 논문은 WLAN/WiMAX 시스템에 적용 가능한 평면형 모노폴 안테나를 개발하였다. 제안된 안테나는 3개의 선로, 비대칭 접지면 그리고 접지면에 사각 슬릿을 가지며 WLAN 대역과 WiMAX 대역을 모두 포함하도록 설계하였다. 광대역 특성을 갖도록 선로 급전을 사용하였으며 RF-4 기판위에 제작되었다. 얻어진 시뮬레이션 결과는 실험결과와 잘 일치되었으며 VSWR 1:2을 기준으로 낮은 대역에서는 9.95%, 높은 대역에서는 76.05%의 임피던스 대역폭을 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 WLAN/WiMAX 시스템에서 요구하는 특성을 잘 만족시킨다. 또한 2D 그리고 3D 방사패턴과 이득에 측정결과가 제시되고 논의되었다.
Overexpression of Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Induces Intramyocardial Vasculopathy in Apolipoprotein E–Null Mice (2005)

Endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and vasculopathy. Increased expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), the receptor for OxLDL in endothelial cells, has been demonstrated in the atherosclerotic plaques from experimental atherosclerotic animal models and human clinical samples. In vitro, activation of LOX-1 alters the expression of several endothelial cell genes that are involved in endothelial dysfunction. To investigate the role of LOX-1 in terms of both endothelial dysfunction and resultant vascular changes, we generated mice overexpressing LOX-1 (LOXtg) in C57BL/6 and apolipoprotein E-null mice (apoEKO) backgrounds. We found that the expression of the transgene was prominent in coronary vessels and cardiomyocytes. The enhancement of OxLDL uptake in LOXtg mice was consistent with the expression level of LOX-1. Under hyperlipidemic conditions, both OxLDL and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine accumulated in the coronary arteries of LOXtg/apoEKO mice. The expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, as well as the number of macrophages around blood vessels, were significantly increased in LOXtg/apoEKO mice compared with control littermates. There were no differences in either the hemodynamic profile or the plasma lipid profile between the 2 groups of animals. LOXtg/apoEKO mice displayed accelerated intramyocardial vasculopathy, and the atheroma-like lesion area was increased 10-fold in the LOXtg/apoEKO mice compared with nontransgenic littermates after 3-weeks on the high-fat diet. Thus, it is demonstrated that LOX-1 overexpression promotes inflammatory intramyocardial vasculopathy in a hyperlipidemic mouse model, and this effect is probably mediated through the endothelial dysfunction induced by overexpression of LOX-1.
Multimodal response planning: an adaptive rule based approach (1988)

This paper describes the architecture and prototype of a system which dynamically determines how to present information to a user. The system utilizes a rule based approach to select one or more modalities for presenting information. Next the system determines one or more techniques to present the information within each of the previously selected modalities. This system also adapts to individual users providing flexibility not found in traditional presentation systems. Finally, models are used for storing knowledge about the user resulting in a system which can be easily enhanced as new data is obtained and can adapt to the needs of its users.