gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical soliton propagation using 3 GHz gain-switched 1.3 μm laser diodes (1988)

No-chirped high-peak-power optical pulses at a 2.6 GHz repetition rate from gain-switched 1.3 μm distributed feedback laser diodes were obtained using both linear fibre compression, and Raman amplification. Coupling these pulses into a dispersion-shifted single-mode optical fibre, we have demonstrated optical soliton propagation at a high repetition rate using the laser diodes.
Supersonic gas injector for fueling and diagnostic applications on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (2004)

A prototype pulsed supersonic gas injector (SGI) has been developed for the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Experiments in NSTX will explore the compatibility of the supersonic gas jet fueling with the H-mode plasma edge, edge localized mode control, edge magnetohydrodynamic stability, radio frequency heating scenarios, and start-up scenarios with a fast plasma density ramp up. The diagnostic applications include localized impurity gas injections for transport and turbulence experiments and edge helium spectroscopy for edge Te and ne profile measurements. Nozzle and gas injector design considerations are presented and four types of supersonic nozzles are discussed. The prototype SGI operates at room temperature. It is comprised of a small graphite Laval nozzle coupled to a modified commercial piezoelectric valve and mounted on a movable vacuum feedthrough. The critical properties of the SGI jet—low divergence, high density, and sharp boundary gradient, achievable only at M&gt;1, have been demonstrated in a laboratory setup simulating NSTX edge conditions. The Mach numbers of about 4, the injection rate up to 1022 particles/s, and the jet divergence half angle of 6° have been inferred from pulsed pressure measurements.
Development of a burn-in time reduction algorithm using the principles of acceleration factors (2002)

To have fast EPROM manufacturing turnaround time and be cost-effective in a highly competitive market, a reduction in burn-in time is highly desirable. The author addresses this manufacturing issue. By using the principles of temperature and electric field acceleration factors and taking into consideration the prevailing device and burn-in equipment limitations, a new and simple algorithm for reducing the burn-in time has been developed. Experiments were performed on different nonvolatile memory products of various fabrication process technologies to prove the efficacy and manufacturability of this application.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Gene expression profiling in the myelodysplastic syndromes using cDNA microarray technology (2004)

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders of the haematopoietic stem cell and primarily involve cells of the myeloid lineage. Using cDNA microarrays comprising 6000 human genes, we studied the gene expression profiles in the neutrophils of 21 MDS patients, seven of which had the 5q- syndrome, and two acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients when compared with the neutrophils from pooled healthy controls. Data analysis showed a high level of heterogeneity of gene expression between MDS patients, most probably reflecting the underlying karyotypic and genetic heterogeneity. Nevertheless, several genes were commonly up or down-regulated in MDS. The most up-regulated genes included RAB20, ARG1, ZNF183 and ACPL. The RAB20 gene is a member of the Ras gene superfamily and ARG1 promotes cellular proliferation. The most down-regulated genes include COX2, CD18, FOS and IL7R. COX2 is anti-apoptotic and promotes cell survival. Many genes were identified that are differentially expressed in the different MDS subtypes and AML. A subset of genes was able to discriminate patients with the 5q- syndrome from patients with refractory anaemia and a normal karyotype. The microarray expression results for several genes were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The MDS-specific expression changes identified are likely to be biologically important in the pathophysiology of this disorder.
Transgenic expression of plastidic glutamine synthetase increases nitrogen uptake and yield in wheat (2018)

The plastidic glutamine synthetase isoform (GS2) plays a key role in nitrogen (N) assimilation. We introduced TaGS2-2Abpro::TaGS2-2Ab, the favourable allele of TaGS2-2A in the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) variety Ji5265. Transgenic expression of TaGS2-2Ab significantly increased GS2 abundance and GS activity in leaves. Two consecutive field experiments showed the transgenic lines had higher grain yield, spike number, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight than did the wild type under both low N and high N conditions. Analysis of N use-related traits showed that transgenic expression of TaGS2-2Ab increased root ability to acquire N, N uptake before and after flowering, remobilization of N to grains and N harvest index. Measurement of chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis rate in flag leaves during grain filling stage revealed that the transgenic lines had prolonged leaf functional duration as compared with the wild type. These results suggest that TaGS2 plays important role in N use, and the favourable allele TaGS2-2Ab is valuable in engineering wheat with improved N use efficiency and grain yield.
The effect of over‐the‐counter ranitidine 75 mg on night‐time heartburn in patients with erosive oesophagitis on daily proton pump inhibitor maintenance therapy (2006)

Nocturnal heartburn is uncommon on proton pump inhibitor therapy; the addition of ranitidine at bedtime resulted in a decrease in symptom scores on day 3 but there were no differences on day 14.
Incorporation of an A1/A2-Difunctionalized Pillar[5]arene into a Metal–Organic Framework (2012)

An efficient synthetic route to an A1/A2-difunctionalized pillar[5]arene containing resolvable planar chirality has been developed and the arene employed as a strut in the synthesis of P5A-MOF-1, which has been demonstrated by X-ray powder diffraction analysis--supported by modeling--to be isoreticular with MOF-5. This metal-organic framework has an active domain that expresses good and selective uptake of neutral and positively charged electron-poor aromatic guests, which effect color changes of the cubic crystals from faint yellow to deep orange, arising from charge transfer between the guests and active domain of P5A-MOF-1.
Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection on microfluidic systems—ten years of development (2011)

The use of capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) on miniaturized systems has increased considerably over the last few years. Since the first report, 10 years ago, several advances on the detection cell geometry, strategies for increasing the sensitivity and a wide range of applications have been reported. This review intends to cover the main features related to the instrumental setup of this detection method for analytical and bioanalytical assays on microfluidic chips.
The impact of soil and climatic factors on forest growth (2016)

This preliminary study reveals the relations between the forest growth (annual dendromass increment; ADMinc - as dependent variable) and some important soil factors, which have effect on plant growth, such as: groundwater level (GWL), groundwater composition (GWC), plant available water capacity (PAWC), depth of humus layer, texture (hyi) and pH of the soil, moreover the maximum concentration (MAX) of salt and CaCCb and the depth of its MAX in the soil profile. 17 plantations (Poplar, Common oak and Black locust) are included in the analysis investigated all over the Great Hungarian Plain. Correlation profile of the above parameters was created explaining that two abiotic parameters limit plant growth: if GWL is deeper than 5 m and if HCO3 concentration in groundwater is high (above 15 meq/L). Within the tested range (0.17 - 2.23 mS/cm for electrical conductivity (EC) and 0.5 /sand/ - 4.21 /clay loam/ for hyi), the higher magnitude of EC results in higher ADMinc and the higher hyi (higher proportion of fine soil particles) leads to higher ADMinc The positive relationship of ADMinc with EC suggests good nutrient supply of the soil, while the higher proportion of fine particles refers to better water management properties. Thickness of humus layer is an important soil factor: compared to shallow humus layer, deep one increases ADMinc exponentially. In case of Black locust, PAWC is the substantial factor for growing, unlike Poplar, whose growth depends on groundwater uptake (GWU). This phenomenon originates from the differences between the individual needs of the tree species and differences in root morphology. Merely 4 sampling plots were equipped with meteorological stations, thus the number of climatic parameter data were not enough for statistical analysis. So data for all 17 plots were collected from literature and a general, regionally calculated data were applied (mean rainfall in the vegetation period and aridity index). There was no significant correlation between climatic parameters and ADMinc Further studies and more field investigations are needed in order to clarify the results.
Vibration suppression control method for PMSM utilizing repetitive control with auto-tuning function and Fourier transform (2002)

We propose a suppression control method of the motor frame vibration and the rotational speed vibration (ripple) of PMSM utilizing the feedforward compensation control, and a generation method of compensation signals for the feedforward control by the repetitive control and the Fourier transform using a vibration signal acquired by the acceleration sensor attached to the motor frame or the rotary encoder used for the field oriented control, considering periodicity of vibration. The sensor is used on-line or only for the acquisition of the feedforward compensation signal. In order to realize on-line generation of the feedforward compensation signals to reduce the vibration, an auto-tuning method of the repetitive control parameters is employed. Experiments are carried out to confirm the usefulness of the proposed methods and to compare the effectiveness of the two types of vibration sensing methods.
The soxRS response of Escherichia coli can be induced in the absence of oxidative stress and oxygen by modulation of NADPH content (2010)

The soxRS regulon protects Escherichia coli cells against superoxide and nitric oxide. Oxidation of the SoxR sensor, a [2Fe-2S]-containing transcriptional regulator, triggers the response, but the nature of the cellular signal sensed by SoxR is still a matter of debate. In vivo, the sensor is maintained in a reduced, inactive state by the activities of SoxR reductases, which employ NADPH as an electron donor. The hypothesis that NADPH levels affect deployment of the soxRS response was tested by transforming E. coli cells with genes encoding enzymes and proteins that lead to either build-up or depletion of the cellular NADPH pool. Introduction of NADP(+)-reducing enzymes, such as wheat non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase or E. coli malic enzyme, led to NADPH accumulation, inhibition of the soxRS regulon and enhanced sensitivity to the superoxide propagator methyl viologen (MV). Conversely, expression of pea ferredoxin (Fd), a redox shuttle that can oxidize NADPH via ferredoxin-NADP(H) reductase, resulted in execution of the soxRS response in the absence of oxidative stress, and in higher tolerance to MV. Processes that caused NADPH decline, including oxidative stress and Fd activity, correlated with an increase in total (NADP(+)+NADPH) stocks. SoxS expression can be induced by Fd expression or by MV in anaerobiosis, under conditions in which NADPH is oxidized but no superoxide can be formed. The results indicate that activation of the soxRS regulon in E. coli cells exposed to superoxide-propagating compounds can be triggered by depletion of the NADPH stock rather than accumulation of superoxide itself. They also suggest that bacteria need to finely regulate homeostasis of the NADP(H) pool to enable proper deployment of this defensive response.
Alcohol consumption and the risk of breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (2010)

Alcohol consumption increases the risk of breast cancer among women in the general population, but its effect on women who carry a BRCA gene mutation is unclear. We conducted a case-control study of 1925 matched pairs of predominantly premenopausal women who carry a BRCA1 or a BRCA2 mutation. Information on current alcohol consumption was obtained from a questionnaire administered during the course of genetic counselling or at the time of enrollment. A modest inverse association between breast cancer and reported current alcohol consumption was observed among women with a BRCA1 mutation (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.70-0.96), but not among women with a BRCA2 mutation (OR = 1.00; 95% CI 0.71-1.41). Compared to non-drinkers, exclusive consumption of wine was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of breast cancer among BRCA1 carriers (p-trend = 0.01). Alcohol consumption does not appear to increase breast cancer risk in women carrying a BRCA gene mutation.
Cross-cultural and cultural comparative psychology in Hungary (2009)

A jelen tanulmány a magyarországi pszichológiai és pszichiátriai szakfolyóiratokban megjelent publikációk alapján átfogó és kimerítő áttekintését adja a Magyarországon 1960 és 2008 között végzett kultúraközi és kulturális összehasonlító vizsgálatoknak. A kutatásokat részben időrendben, évtizedekre tagolva, részben tematikusan ismerteti. A tanulmány bemutatja, hogy az ország fokozatos nyitottá válása miként tette lehetővé magyar és külföldi kutatócsoportok együttműködését. Kiemelten kezeli a rendszerváltást, amely a kutatott témák, kutatott országok és a kutatásban résztvevő kollégák számának ugrásszerű növekedését eredményezte. A tanulmány célja, hogy az e területen felgyülemlett tudást és ismeretet egységben láttassa, és ezzel megalapozza a hazai kulturális összehasonlító pszichológiát mint hagyományokkal rendelkező önálló diszciplínát.
EFFECT OF UNIMODAL PARTICLE SIZE AND PULP CONTENT ON RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TOMATO PUREE (1994)

ABSTRACT The vane method in controlled shear stress mode was used to determine the yield stress and the shear rate—shear stress data of tomato purees containing 10–35% pulp of two different average particle sizes: 0.34 and 0.71 mm. Consistency index and apparent viscosity increased significantly with pulp content and decreased with average particle size. The effect of pulp weight fraction (P) on relative viscosity (η r ) could be described by the single parameter equation: η r = [1 – (P/A)] −2 , while the effect of particle diameter on η r could be described using Peclet number. Magnitudes of yield stress determined directly by the vane method were higher than those obtained by using the Casson model, and were proportional to the square of pulp content. Reduced Casson yield stress—P data on purees of both particle sizes followd a single curve. Effects of pulp content and particle size on vane yield stress and apparent viscosity were evident from the correlation forms with high values of R 2 .
Oxidative N-Dealkylation of <i>p</i>-Cyclopropyl-<i>N,N</i>-dimethylaniline. A Substituent Effect on a Radical-Clock Reaction Rationalized by Ab Initio Calculations on Radical Cation Intermediates (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTOxidative N-Dealkylation of p-Cyclopropyl-N,N-dimethylaniline. A Substituent Effect on a Radical-Clock Reaction Rationalized by Ab Initio Calculations on Radical Cation IntermediatesHao Chen, Marcel J. de Groot, Nico P. E. Vermeulen, and Robert P. HanzlikView Author Information Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2506, and Department of Pharmacochemistry, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 23, 8227–8230Publication Date (Web):November 14, 1997Publication History Received23 May 1997Published online14 November 1997Published inissue 1 November 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9709209https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9709209brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views508Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cations,Hydrogen abstraction,Oxidation,Peptides and proteins,Quantum mechanics Get e-Alerts
Cytoplasmic Dynein-mediated Assembly of Pericentrin and γ Tubulin onto Centrosomes (2000)

Centrosome assembly is important for mitotic spindle formation and if defective may contribute to genomic instability in cancer. Here we show that in somatic cells centrosome assembly of two proteins involved in microtubule nucleation, pericentrin and gamma tubulin, is inhibited in the absence of microtubules. A more potent inhibitory effect on centrosome assembly of these proteins is observed after specific disruption of the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein by microinjection of dynein antibodies or by overexpression of the dynamitin subunit of the dynein binding complex dynactin. Consistent with these observations is the ability of pericentrin to cosediment with taxol-stabilized microtubules in a dynein- and dynactin-dependent manner. Centrosomes in cells with reduced levels of pericentrin and gamma tubulin have a diminished capacity to nucleate microtubules. In living cells expressing a green fluorescent protein-pericentrin fusion protein, green fluorescent protein particles containing endogenous pericentrin and gamma tubulin move along microtubules at speeds of dynein and dock at centrosomes. In Xenopus extracts where gamma tubulin assembly onto centrioles can occur without microtubules, we find that assembly is enhanced in the presence of microtubules and inhibited by dynein antibodies. From these studies we conclude that pericentrin and gamma tubulin are novel dynein cargoes that can be transported to centrosomes on microtubules and whose assembly contributes to microtubule nucleation.
Some Practical Issues and Possible Solutions for Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (2000)

Several practical issues (e.g., excessive on-line computational time) associated with a conventional Nonlinear Model Predictive Control algorithm are illustrated through simulation studies on two chemical processes — a binary distillation column and the Tennessee Eastman Challenge Process. We show why it is generally not a good idea to use a small control horizon to reduce the on-line computational time. The effectiveness of the Nonlinear Model Predictive Control algorithm recently proposed by Zheng in resolving these issues is illustrated.
Growth mechanism for epitaxial graphene on vicinal<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>6</mml:mn><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mtext>-SiC</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0001</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>surfaces: A scanning tunneling microscopy study (2009)

The inability to grow large well-ordered ultra high vacuum (UHV) graphene with a specific number of layers on SiC(0001) is well known. The growth involves several competing processes (Si desorption, carbon diffusion, island nucleation, etc.) and because of the high temperatures, it has not been possible to identify the growth mechanism. Using scanning tunneling microscopy and a vicinal 6H-SiC(0001) sample, we determine that the Si desorption from steps is the main controlling process. Adjacent steps retract with different speeds and the released carbon produces large areas of bilayer graphene with characteristic ``fingers'' emanating from steps. If faster heating rates are used, the different Si desorption rates are avoided and single-layer graphene films extending over many microns are produced.
Association between bacterial vaginosis and preterm delivery. (2011)

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of most common presentation in women of reproductive age, and its prevalence is relatively high in the obstetric population which is responsible for preterm delivery. The present study tried to explore the association of BV with preterm delivery, and included 100 pregnant women aged 15 to 35 years, between 28 36 weeks of gestation, with abnormal vaginal discharge and clinically suspected of BV, attending obstetrics outpatient department of BSMMU were selected for the study, divided into two groups based on Amsel clinical criteria (63 culture negative and 37 culture positive for BV). Mean ± SD age of BV negative and positive subjects was 24.59 ± 5.18 and 23.89 ± 4.77 years respectively (statistically no significant difference). Likewise, socioeconomic status, educational status and gravida did not show statistically any significant difference between groups. Significantly high number of BV positive women delivered prematurely (73%) compared to BV negative (25.4%) (p<0.001). Mean ± SD gestational age also differed significantly 37.49 ± 2.53 vs. 35.24 ± 2.33 weeks (p<0.001). Our study supported that abnormal bacterial colonization, indicative of bacterial vaginosis, is strongly associated with preterm delivery.
Protein Kinase A (PKA) - A Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention of Dysfunctional Immune Cells (2005)

In several cases of immunodeficiency and autoimmunity, the dysfunctional immune system is associated with either hypo- or hyperactive T and B cells. In autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and immunodeficiencies such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), it has been demonstrated that the regulatory effect of the signaling pathway of cyclic 3', 5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is abrogated. PKA is well-known as a key regulator of immune responses in that it inhibits both early and late phases of antigen induced T and B cell activation. Here we will discuss a potential useful strategy for therapeutic interventions of dysfunctional T cells associated with SLE and HIV by modulation of the cAMP-PKA pathway. Therefore, we will describe the components and architecture of the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway in T cells in order to point out one or several steps which potentially may serve as targets for therapeutic intervention.
Semiempirical Calculation of the Triplet–Triplet Absorption Spectra of 2-Anthrylethylenes Undergoing Photochemical One-Way Isomerization (1994)

Abstract Semiempirical PPP-SCF-SCI calculations support the assignment of the triplet–triplet absorption spectra of 2-anthrylethylenes to the planar trans conformations, which act as a key intermediate in adiabatic cis-to-trans one-way isomerization on the triplet energy surface.