gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and characterization of polymer microfluidic devices for bio-agent detection (2005)

Sandia and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories are developing a briefcase-sized, broad-spectrum bioagent detection system. This autonomous instrument, the BioBriefcase, will monitor the environment and warn against bacterium, virus, and toxin based biological attacks. At the heart of this device, inexpensive polymer microfluidic chips will carry out sample preparation and analysis. Fabrication of polymer microfluidic chips involves the creation of a master in etched glass; plating of the master to produce a nickel stamp; large lot chip replication by injection molding; and thermal chip sealing. Since the performance and reliability of microfluidic chips are very sensitive to fluidic impedance and to electromagnetic fluxes, the microchannel dimensions and shape have to be tightly controlled during chip fabrication. In this talk, we will present an overview of chip design and fabrication. Metrology data collected at different fabrication steps and the dimensional deviations of the polymer chip from the original design will be discussed.
The Stereochemistry of 4a-Methyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of 4a-Methyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthreneRoderick A. Barnes and Michael T. BeachemCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 20, 5388–5390Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01625a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01625a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New polymorphic microsatellite markers in the human MHC class II region (2000)

The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region spans approximately 1.1 Mb and presently contains over 30 functional genes Susceptibility loci to numerous diseases, mainly of autoimmune nature are known to map to the this region, as assessed by associations with particular HLA class II alleles. However, it has been difficult to precisely localize these susceptibility loci to a single gene, for example DQB1 or DRB1, due to the tight linkage disequilibrium observed in the HLA class II region. To facilitate disease mapping within this region, we have analyzed 2 to approximately 5 bases short tandem repeats (microsatellites) in this same region. A total of 494 microsatellites were identified from the genomic sequence of the HLA class II region. These consist of 158 di-, 65 tri-, 163 tetra-, and 108 pent-nucleotide repeats, out of which four were located within the coding sequence of expressed genes (Daxx, BING1, RXRB and COL11A2). Twenty-two repeats were selected as polymorphic markers due to their high (average) number of alleles (8.9) as well as their high polymorphic content value (PIC) (0.58). These novel polymorphic microsatellites will provide useful genetic markers in HLA-related research, such as genetic mapping of HLA class II-associated diseases, transplantation matching, population genetics, identification of recombination hot spots as well as linkage disequilibrium studies.
Increasing the thermal conductivity of boron nitride and aluminum nitride particle epoxy-matrix composites by particle surface treatments (2000)

Abstract The thermal conductivity of boron nitride and aluminum nitride particle epoxy-matrix composites was increased by up to 97% by surface treatment of the particles prior to composite fabrication. The increase in thermal conductivity is due to decrease in the filler-matrix thermal contact resistance through the improvement of the interface between matrix and particles. Effective treatments for BN involved acetone, acids (nitric and sulfuric) and silane. The most effective treatment involved silane such that the coating resulted from the treatment amounted to 2.4% of the weight of the treated BN. The effectiveness of a treatment was higher for a larger BN volume fraction. At 57 vol.% BN, the thermal conductivity reached 10.3 W/ m·K. The treatments had little effect on the specific surface area of the BN particles. Silane treatments were also effective for AlN. At 60 vol.% AlN, the thermal conductivity reached 11.0 W/m·K. Keywords: Compositethermal conductivitypolymerepoxyboron nitridealuminum nitridesurface treatmentsilane
Stress measurement by electrical means (1946)

THE ADVENT of electric strain gauges <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> suitable for the measurement of mechanical performance on a strength basis not only has widened the field of the electrical engineer with regard to equipment and techniques but gradually has imposed upon him a responsibility to the aeronautical or mechanical engineer in his role as interpreter. For if the designer turns to electric strain gauges (and by this is meant herein the bonded wire gauge, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> unless otherwise stated) for verification of his work, it is only natural for him eventually to leave the whole problem of gauge operation and data analysis to the electrical engineer. It is essential that both the man who measures and the man to whom the measurements are reported clearly understand the scope of their separate responsibilities. Otherwise there may exist a gap which will destroy the accuracy necessary to the honest affirmation or negation of the design. Accordingly, the authors here endeavor to present the strength evaluation problem broadly enough for one working in a relatively narrow element of it to appreciate the requirements of the whole, while emphasizing the electrical aspects primarily and keeping always in sharp focus the prime requisite, accuracy.
Chip Design of LPC-cepstrum for Speech Recognition (2007)

This paper proposed an ASIC of LPC-cepstrum (LPCC) for speech recognition. The proposed ASIC of LPCC can reduce the calculation load of processor in the speech recognition system. In addition, the resource sharing method is adopted into our design in order to reduce the chip size. Hence, it does not give an emphasis on sophistication but on high- performance and low-cost solution. Finally, we did some experiments to compare with other DSP or ASIC design. We found that our proposed LPCC ASIC can efficiently reduce the computation load.
Epigenome‐Wide Scan Identifies a Treatment‐Responsive Pattern of Altered DNA Methylation Among Cytoskeletal Remodeling Genes in Monocytes and CD4+ T Cells From Patients With Behçet's Disease (2014)

The results of this epigenome-wide study-the first such study in BD-provide strong evidence that epigenetic modification of cytoskeletal dynamics underlies the pathogenesis of BD and its response to treatment.
Required quantizing resolution for perceptually linearized medical x‐ray images on display monitor (2003)

Abstract This paper theoretically clarifies required quantizing resolution to display digitized x‐ray images on a cathode‐ray‐tube (CRT) monitor provided that the observer not recognize contours that do not exist in original x‐ray film images. Human visual system for luminance difference discrimination is an important factor in determining required quantizing resolution. We therefore carry out an analysis using the Barten model, which provides good fit of many experimental data. First, we clarify the required quantizing resolution for the density input to film and that for the voltage input to a CRT monitor. Then, we present the design results of the look‐up table for perceptually linear transform for a CRT that can reproduce the luminance difference information in film images, and clarify the validity of our theoretical studies. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(5): 14–24, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/scj.10301
Nonlinear dynamics in the resonance line shape of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NbN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>superconducting resonators (2006)

We report on unusual nonlinear dynamics observed in the resonance response of $\mathrm{NbN}$ superconducting microwave resonators. The nonlinear dynamics which occurs at relatively low input powers (2--4 orders of magnitude lower than Nb) includes among others, jumps in the resonance line shape, hysteresis loops changing direction, and resonance frequency shift. These effects are measured herein using varying input power, applied magnetic field, white noise, and rapid frequency sweeps. Based on these measurement results, we consider a hypothesis according to which local heating of weak links forming at the boundaries of the $\mathrm{NbN}$ grains is responsible for the observed behavior, and we show that most of the experimental results are qualitatively consistent with such a hypothesis.
Interfacing electrolytes with electrodes in Li ion batteries (2011)

Aqui…
Treatment of leg veins: A comparison of laser therapy with a noncoherent, multiwave light source (2002)

Various lasers (CO/sub 2/ laser, Nd:YAG, argon, tunable dye, and flash-lamp pulsed dye lasers) have been used for treatment of leg veins with minimal benefit and various adverse sequelae. A phototherapy device producing pulsed (100 /spl mu/sec to 20 msec) incoherent light as a continuous spectrum 550 nm to 1200 nm has been developed to target both oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin and to reach larger and deep vessels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series With a Unit Root (1979)

David A. Dickey, Wayne A. Fuller, Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series With a Unit Root, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 74, No. 366 (Jun., 1979), pp. 427-431
Isolation and Structures of Avicins D and G:  In Vitro Tumor-Inhibitory Saponins Derived from <i>Acacia </i><i>v</i><i>ictoriae</i> (2003)

Two new saponins named avicins D (1) and G (2) were isolated from the seed pods of the desert legume plant Acacia victoriae. The structures, elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR studies and by chemical means, were characterized as acacic acid-bearing oligosaccharides at C-3 and C-28 with a side chain linked to C-21 comprised of two monoterpene carboxylic acids and a quinovose moiety. Both compounds exhibited potent cytotoxicity (apoptosis) against human T-cell leukemia (Jurkat cells) in vitro.
Topical oxatomide: an alternative approach for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus (1996)

These results, adequately confirmed, could suggest the introduction of oxatomide, in selected patients, as an alternative for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus.
Steady-State Kinetic and Inhibition Studies of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Kinase Domain and mTOR Complexes (2010)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase and a major controller of cell growth. In cells, mTOR forms two distinct multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. The mTORC1 complex can phosphorylate 4EBP1 and S6K1, two key regulators of translation initiation, whereas mTORC2 phosphorylates AKT1, an event required for AKT1 activation. Here, we expressed and purified human mTORC1 and mTORC2 from HEK-293 cells using FLAG-M2 affinity chromatography. Western blotting analysis using phospho-specific antibodies indicated that recombinant mTORC1 and mTORC2 exhibit distinct substrate preferences in vitro, consistent with their roles in cells. To improve our understanding of the enzymatic properties of mTOR alone and mTOR in its complex form, steady-state kinetic profiles of truncated mTOR containing the kinase domain (residues 1360-2549) and mTORC1 were determined. The results revealed that mTORC1 is catalytically less active than truncated mTOR, as evidenced by 4.7- and 3.1-fold decreases in catalytic efficiency, k(cat)/K(m), for ATP and 4EBP1, respectively. We also found that truncated mTOR undergoes autophosphorylation through an intramolecular mechanism. Mass spectrometric analysis identified two novel mTOR autophosphorylation sites, Ser2454 and either Thr2473 or Thr2474, in addition to the previously reported Ser2481 site. Truncated mTOR and mTORC1 were completely inhibited by ATP competitive inhibitors PI103 and BEZ235 and partially inhibited by rapamycin/FKBP12 in a noncompetitive fashion toward ATP. All inhibitors tested exhibited similar inhibitory potencies between mTORC1 and truncated mTOR containing the kinase domain. Our studies presented here provide the first detailed kinetic studies of a recombinant mTOR complex.
Equivalent Leak Definitions for Smart LDAR (Leak Detection and Repair) When Using Optical Imaging Technology (2007)

Controlling fugitive emissions from leaks in petrochemical industry process equipment now requires periodic monitoring of valves, flanges, pumps etc., typically on a quarterly basis. Previous studies have shown that over 90% of the reducible emissions come from approximately 0.1% of the components, i.e. the large leakers. A new, and more cost-effective approach for controlling these large leakers would entail more frequent monitoring of process equipment, allowing for the detection and repair of the highly leaking components that contribute the most to emissions. This approach has been called "Smart LDAR." New optical imaging instruments, which significantly reduce monitoring costs, are now available to implement such an alternative work practice. This work describes the determination of the leak detection sensitivity (equivalency threshold) that an optical imaging instrument must achieve to ensure that it will provide at least the equivalent emission control of the current leak detection and repair practice. Equivalency thresholds were developed for various monitoring intervals. The U.S. Environment Protection Agency's Monte Carlo simulation approach was used to perform the analysis and to demonstrate that optical imaging, which is capable of identifying all of the largest leakers, can provide better control of fugitive emissions.
Advanced Control Methods of Active Suspension (1993)

SUMMARY This paper describes new control methods for the active suspension. For improving ride comfort further, preview control rule is proposed. For improving stability further, roll stiffness distribution control rule is examined by the test vehicle. Simulations and vehicle driving tests are conducted to confirm the effect of these new control methods. The results of simulations and vehicle driving tests show in our research phase that preview control can achieve a substantial improvement in ride comfort and application of roll stiffness distribution control provides a large improvement in stability
Synthesis of the 12-Lead Electrocardiogram From Differential Leads (2011)

A new approach is proposed for synthesizing the standard 12-lead ECG from three differential leads formed by pairs of proximal electrodes on the body surface. The method is supported by a statistical analysis that gives the best personalized positions of electrodes. The measurements from multichannel ECGs were used to calculate the differential leads. Our algorithm searches for optimal differential leads and the corresponding personalized transformation matrix that is used to synthesize the standard 12-lead ECG. The algorithm has been evaluated on 99 multichannel ECGs measured on 30 healthy subjects and 35 patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery. It is shown that the algorithm significantly outperforms the synthesis based on the EASI lead system with medians of correlation coefficients greater than 0.954 for all 12 standard leads. To determine the optimal number of differential leads, the syntheses for two, three, and four differential leads were calculated. The analysis shows that 3 is the optimal number of differential leads for practical applications. Because of the proximity of the differential electrodes, the proposed approach offers an opportunity for the synthesis of a standard 12-lead ECG with wireless electrodes.
Explosively Driven Expansion and Fragmentation Behavior for Cylinders, Spheres and Rings of 304 Stainless Steel (2010)

Explosive loading techniques are applied to expand tubular cylinders, spherical shells and rings of 304 stainless steel to fragmentation, and the effects of wall thicknesses, explosive driver diameters and the constant proportionality of the in-plane biaxial stretching rates are investigated on the deformation and fracture behavior of three basic structures experimentally and numerically. In the cylinder tests, the driver is a column of high explosive PETN, inserted coaxially into the bore of a cylinder and initiated by exploding a fine wire bundle at the column axis using a discharge current from a high-voltage capacitor bank. In case of the ring tests, ring specimens are placed onto a single cylinder filled with the PETN as a expansion driver, and for sphere tests, specimens filled with the PETN are also initiated by exploding a fine copper wire line with small length located at the central point. Two types of experiments are conducted for every specimen and test condition. The first type uses high speed cameras to observe the deformation and crack generation of expanding specimens showing the final maximum in-plane stretching rate of above , and the second uses soft capturing system recovering typically most fragments successfully. The fragments are measured and investigated using a fragmentation model. The effects of test parameters on the deformation and fracture behavior for three types of structures are discussed in need of modified fragmentation model for shell structural elements.
West2East: exploiting WEb Service Technologies to Engineer Agent-based SofTware (2007)

This paper describes West2East, a computer-aided Agent-Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE) toolkit aimed at supporting the implementation of Multiagent Systems (MASs). West2East exploits languages for Web Services (WSs) for sharing Agent Interaction Protocols (AIPs), modelled using AUML, across the web, and Computational Logic to reason about them. In particular, West2East offers libraries for the translation of AIPs represented in AUML into 1) a textual notation proposed by Winikoff; 2) an XML notation proposed by ourselves; 3) a couple of WS-BPEL and WSDL documents; and 4) a Prolog term. It also offers 5) a mechanism for allowing agents that read a published AIP to reason about it before engaging in a dialogue with its publisher, and 6) libraries for the automatic generation of an executable program compliant with the original interaction protocol.
The Critical Role of Electrolyte Gating on the Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> (2019)

According to density functional theory, monolayer (ML) MoS<sub>2</sub> is predicted to possess electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that approaches that of platinum. However, its observed HER activity is much lower, which is widely believed to result from a large Schottky barrier between ML MoS<sub>2</sub> and its electrical contact. In order to better understand the role of contact resistance in limiting the performance of ML MoS<sub>2</sub> HER electrocatalysts, this study has employed well-defined test platforms that allow for the simultaneous measurement of contact resistance and electrocatalytic activity toward the HER during electrochemical testing. At open circuit potential, these measurements reveal that a 0.5 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolyte can act as a strong p-dopant that depletes free electrons in MoS<sub>2</sub> and leads to extremely high contact resistance, even if the contact resistance of the as-made device in air is originally very low. However, under applied negative potentials this doping is mitigated by a strong electrolyte-mediated gating effect which can reduce the contact and sheet resistances of properly configured ML MoS<sub>2</sub> electrocatalysts by more than 5 orders of magnitude. At potentials relevant to HER, the contact resistance becomes negligible and the performance of MoS<sub>2</sub> electrodes is limited by HER kinetics. These findings have important implications for the design of low-dimensional semiconducting electrocatalysts and photocatalysts.
Steric effects in the cupric ion oxidation of .alpha.-ketols (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteric effects in the cupric ion oxidation of .alpha.-ketolsHelen A. Connon, B. G. Sheldon, Karen E. Harding, L. E. Letterman, D. C. Fulton, and W. G. NighCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 11, 2020–2023Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00951a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00951a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oxygen-transporting fluids and oxygen delivery with hemodilution (1982)

The hemodynamic effectiveness and the oxygen characteristics of stroma-free hemoglobin (SFH) solutions were studied in 11 dogs. the animals were bled two-thirds of the estimated blood volume or until cardiac arrest. The shed blood was immediately replaced by equivalent amounts of either SFH or polyhemoglobin (SFH-PLP). Sixty min later, Ringer's lactate was given iv for 180 min to maintain right atrial pressure at the initial value. In a second set of experiments, the intravascular persistence of SFH-PLP was investigated in 5 dogs by withdrawal of blood (7 ml/kg bw) and immediate replacement with 131I-labeled SFH-PLP. Hemodynamic disorders after severe blood loss could be reversed by infusion of hemoglobin solutions. Due to the short intravascular persistence, cardiac output did not increase as one would expect from the degree of hemodilution. Pyridoxalation of the hemoglobin molecule reduced oxygen affinity and improved oxygen unloading at the tissue level. The short intravascular half-time of this compound could be overcome by crosslinking of the pyridoxalated hemoglobin molecules. Further studies must prove whether this polyhemoglobin can be used as a long-term oxygen-carrying blood substitute.