gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Text (Idea) Mining to Internet Surveys: Electronic Capture of the Structure of Ideas and Semantic Concepts (2002)

This paper demonstrates a quick and efficient method of assessing the ideation structure for a group of people via the Internet and text mining. Data collection using the Internet is increasing; although the Internet has made access easier figuring out what people think is still a challenge. Email was used to contact and then direct survey respondents to a web site. At the web site, openended questions requiring text (type written) responses were asked. Conceptual (ideation) structure was obtained via an algorithm similar to that suggested by Quillian [7] and Bonnet [1]. To discover ideation structure, a modified Hopfield neural network based text-mining algorithm was used to obtain the statistical weights of ideas and concepts and the weights of the joint occurrences of the ideas and concepts with other ideas and concepts. Applying neural network technologies to text allows the analysis of open-ended responses without incurring the expensive, timeconsuming and error-prone task of manually reading the open-ended comments. The Internet via email contact and web-based survey input dramatically speeds the process.
Bronchiectasis in adult patients: an expression of heterozygosity for <i>CFTR</i> gene mutations? (2004)

While all patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have mutations in both CFTR alleles, often only one CFTR change is detected in patients with other lung disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether heterozygosity for CFTR mutations could be a determinant risk factor in the development of bronchiectasis in adult patients. We have performed the CFTR gene analysis in a cohort of 55 bronchiectasis adult patients with unknown etiology. The 5T variant (TG)m and the M470V polymorphisms were also analyzed. A general population in which the same molecular analysis was previously performed was used as the control group. The mutational spectrum of patients was also compared with that found in our CF population. CFTR mutations/variants were found in 20 patients (36%), 14 with only one mutant gene (25%). All six patients colonized by Staphylococcus aureus presented with at least one CFTR change (p = 0.001). No statistical significance was observed between patients with and without mutations for other clinical features. The 5T variant was found in four patients. Additionally, 90% of patients with mutations had the more functional M470 allele (p < 0.001). These results suggest the involvement of the CFTR gene in bronchiectasis of unknown etiology in adult patients.
Progress toward standards for the seamless interoperability of broadband satellite communication networks (1998)

The realization of the full potential of the National Information Infrastructure (NH) and Global Information Infrastructure (GII) requires seamless interoperability of emerging satellite networks with terrestrial networks. This requires a cooperative effort between industry, academia and government agencies to develop and advocate new, satellite-friendly communication protocols and modifications to existing communication protocol standards. These groups have recently come together to actively participating in a number of standards making bodies including: the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Forum, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the Telecommunication Industry Association MA) to ensure that issues regarding efficient use of these protocols over satellite links are not overlooked. This paper will summarize the progress made toward standards development to achieve seamless integration and accelerate the deployment of multimedia applications.
Fabrication of polarisation-maintaining [3×3] single-mode-fibre couplers (1983)

[3×3] fused fibre couplers have been fabricated with polarisation-maintaining and absorption-reducing (PANDA) fibres. The couplers can hold linear polarisation along the principal axis of the fibre branches, showing an extinction ratio better than −15 dB.
Localization of Sound Sources in Reverberant Environments Based on Directional Audio Coding Parameters (2009)

Methods for spatial audio processing are becoming more important as the variety of multichannel audio applications is permanently increasing. Directional Audio Coding (DirAC) represents a well proven technique to capture and reproduce spatial sound on the basis of a downmix audio signal and parametric side information, namely direction of arrival and diffuseness of the sound. In addition to spatial audio reproduction, the DirAC parameters can be exploited further. In this paper, we propose a computationally efficient approach to determine the position of sound sources based on DirAC parameters. It is shown that the proposed localization method provides reliable estimates even in reverberant environments. The approach also allows to trade off between localization accuracy and tracking performance of moving sound sources.
Automated B-spline curve representation incorporating MDL and error-minimizing control point insertion strategies (1999)

The main issues of developing an automatic and reliable scheme for spline-fitting are discussed and addressed in this paper, which are not fully covered in previous papers or algorithms. The proposed method incorporates B-spline active contours, the minimum description length (MDL) principle, and a novel control point insertion strategy based on maximizing the potential for energy-reduction maximization (PERM). A comparison of test results shows that it outperforms one of the better existing methods.
Cell culture adaptation of Puumala hantavirus changes the infectivity for its natural reservoir, Clethrionomys glareolus, and leads to accumulation of mutants with altered genomic RNA S segment (1997)

This paper reports the establishment of a model for hantavirus host adaptation. Wild-type (wt) (bank vole-passaged) and Vero E6 cell-cultured variants of Puumala virus strain Kazan were analyzed for their virologic and genetic properties. The wt variant was well adapted for reproduction in bank voles but not in cell culture, while the Vero E6 strains replicated to much higher efficiency in cell culture but did not reproducibly infect bank voles. Comparison of the consensus sequences of the respective viral genomes revealed no differences in the coding region of the S gene. However, the noncoding regions of the S gene were found to be different at positions 26 and 1577. In one additional and independent adaptation experiment, all analyzed cDNA clones from the Vero E6-adapted variant were found to carry substitutions at position 1580 of the S segment, just 3 nucleotides downstream of the mutation observed in the first adaptation. No differences were found in the consensus sequences of the entire M segments from the wt and the Vero E6-adapted variants. The results indicated different impacts of the S and the M genomic segments for the adaptation process and selective advantages for the variants that carried altered noncoding sequences of the S segment. We conclude that the isolation in cell culture resulted in a phenotypically and genotypically altered hantavirus.
Gamma-tocotrienol, a tocol antioxidant as a potent radioprotector (2009)

GT3 is a radioprotectant having a higher DRF than any other tocols. The protection it provides close to the gastro-intestinal range indicate that GT3 can be considered as an ideal radioprotectant meriting further drug development stages for the ultimate use in humans.
Effect of disinfection of drinking water with ozone or chlorine dioxide on survival of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts (1989)

Demineralized water was seeded with controlled numbers of oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum purified from fresh calf feces and subjected to different treatments with ozone or chlorine dioxide. The disinfectants were neutralized by sodium thiosulfate, and neonatal mice were inoculated intragastrically and sacrificed 7 days later for enumeration of oocyst production. Preliminary trials indicated that a minimum infection level of 1,000 oocysts (0.1-ml inoculum) per mouse was necessary to induce 100% infection. Treatment of water containing 10(4) oocysts per ml with 1.11 mg of ozone per liter (concentration at time zero [C0]) for 6 min totally eliminated the infectivity of the oocysts for neonatal mice. A level of 2.27 mg of ozone per liter (C0) was necessary to inactivate water containing 5 x 10(5) oocysts per ml within 8 min. Also, 0.4 mg of chlorine dioxide per liter (C0) significantly reduced infectivity within 15 min of contact, although some oocysts remained viable.
Spectral CT reconstruction with an explicit photon-counting detector model: a one-step approach (2018)

Recent developments in energy-discriminating Photon-Counting Detector (PCD) enable new horizons for spectral CT. With PCDs, new reconstruction methods take advantage of the spectral information measured through energy measurement bins. However PCDs have serious spectral distortion issues due to charge-sharing, fluorescence escape, pileup effect… Spectral CT with PCDs can be decomposed into two problems: a noisy geometric inversion problem (as in standard CT) and an additional PCD spectral degradation problem. The aim of the present study is to introduce a reconstruction method which solves both problems simultaneously: a “one-step” approach. An explicit linear detector model is used and characterized by a Detector Response Matrix. The algorithm reconstructs two basis material maps from energy-window transmission data. The results prove that the simultaneous inversion of both problems is well performed for simulation data. For comparison, we also perform a standard “two-step” approach: an advanced polynomial decomposition of measured sinograms combined with a filtered-back projection reconstruction. The results demonstrate the potential uses of this method for medical imaging or for non-destructive testing in industry.
Automated error localization and correction for imperative programs (2011)

In this paper, we present a novel debugging method for imperative software, featuring both automatic error localization and correction. The input of our method is an incorrect program and a corresponding specification, which can be given in form of assertions or as a reference implementation. We use symbolic execution for program analysis. This allows for a wide range of different trade-offs between resource requirements and accuracy of results. Our error localization method rests upon model-based diagnosis and SMT-solving. Error correction is done using a template-based approach which ensures that the computed repairs are readable. Our method can handle all sorts of incorrect expressions, not only under a single-fault assumption but also for multiple faults. Finally, we present experimental results, where an implementation for C programs is used to debug mutants of the TCAS case study of the Siemens suite.
Evaluation of Deicer Applications on Open Graded Pavements (2006)

The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) winter maintenance practices include plowing, sanding, and applying winter anti-icing/deicing liquids. These activities are performed on dense-graded as well as open-graded pavements. During the winters of 2002 and 2003, several accidents occurred on ODOT highways constructed with open-graded pavement, after winter maintenance chemicals had been applied. The people involved in these accidents believed that the application of deicers on the surface of the road may have reduced the friction of the surface, creating a hazardous traction condition. The scope of this research was to study the effects of liquid magnesium chloride on open-graded pavements. Four sections on two different highways in Oregon were selected to be skid tested under three conditions: 1) No deicer application; 2) after a deicer application rate of 15 gallons/lane mile; and 3) after a deicer application rate of 30 gallons/lane mile. The results of the skid tests were plotted and compared for any notable changes in friction. It was found that the application of deicer on either type of pavement at either application rate appeared to have little if any effect on the Friction Number (FN). The FNs obtained in the skid tests were also compared with those recommended in a Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) study, and they turned out to be well above the FHWA recommended FN values. Due to the difficulty in controlling for variables, additional study is recommended, perhaps in a lab or in a location where the researchers can maintain more control over the variables.
Critical fabrication processes for programmable HACT DPTFs (2002)

The type of acoustic charge transport (ACT) device which has generated the most widespread interest among electronics system designers is the digitally programmable transversal filter (DPTF). A heterojunction ACT (HACT) DPTF, having 128 taps with 5-b tap resolution and on-chip buffer amplifiers for input and output, is described. The device is being fabricated by a combination of epitaxial and ion-implantation processes, and it employs three metal layers. In addition to providing very high resolution for fine-line lithography and large depth of field for the nonplanar circuits in a HACT DPTF, E-beam lithography allows easy adjustment of critical circuit elements to adjust for parasitics, without the need to generate new mask layers. A discussion of the expected performance of this device is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Detection of Visual Distraction using Vehicle and Driver-Based Sensors (2016)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Distracted driving remains a serious risk to motorists in the US and worldwide. Over 3,000 people were killed in 2013 in the US because of distracted driving; and over 420,000 people were injured. A system that can accurately detect distracted driving would potentially be able to alert drivers, bringing their attention back to the primary driving task and potentially saving lives. This paper documents an effort to develop an algorithm that can detect visual distraction using vehicle-based sensor signals such as steering wheel inputs and lane position. Additionally, the vehicle-based algorithm is compared with a version that includes driving-based signals in the form of head tracking data. The algorithms were developed using machine learning techniques and combine a Random Forest model for instantaneous detection with a Hidden Markov model for time series predictions. The AttenD distraction algorithm, based on eye gaze location, was utilized to generate the ground truth for the algorithm development. The data collection at the National Advanced Driving Simulator is summarized, results are presented, and the paper concludes with discussion on the algorithms. This work falls within a program of research on Driver Monitoring of Inattention and Impairment Using Vehicle Equipment (DrIIVE) and is sponsored by NHTSA.</div></div>
Page Magic:手册、信札、传单…瞬间即得 (1995)

Page Magic是低价桌面出版程序,专门为不愿学习使用复杂软件的用户而设计。69.95美元的Page Magic1.01软件包出自大型造纸公司NEBS,它具有各种各样预先形成的模板,并具有使纸张与任务相匹配的独特能力。 Page Magic可能有些眼熟,因为它的前身曾以Publish It for Windows为名被Timeworks投放市场,还曾以PressWorks为名被GST Software(该软件的作者)出售,Page Magic是它们的增强版本。现在NEBS对这个混血
Genome-Wide Characterization of the Lignification Toolbox in Arabidopsis   (2003)

Lignin, one of the most abundant terrestrial biopolymers, is indispensable for plant structure and defense. With the availability of the full genome sequence, large collections of insertion mutants, and functional genomics tools, Arabidopsis constitutes an excellent model system to profoundly unravel the monolignol biosynthetic pathway. In a genome-wide bioinformatics survey of the Arabidopsis genome, 34 candidate genes were annotated that encode genes homologous to the 10 presently known enzymes of the monolignol biosynthesis pathway, nine of which have not been described before. By combining evolutionary analysis of these 10 gene families with in silico promoter analysis and expression data (from a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis on an extensive tissue panel, mining of expressed sequence tags from publicly available resources, and assembling expression data from literature), 12 genes could be pinpointed as the most likely candidates for a role in vascular lignification. Furthermore, a possible novel link was detected between the presence of the AC regulatory promoter element and the biosynthesis of G lignin during vascular development. Together, these data describe the full complement of monolignol biosynthesis genes in Arabidopsis, provide a unified nomenclature, and serve as a basis for further functional studies.
Use of fibrin glue in periodontal flap surgery (2008)

In the changing era of perio surgeries one innovative remedy has ended the inconvenience of suturing and has allowed the clinician to meet growing expectations and demands of today's dental patient, and the remedy is fibrin glue. When periodontal plastic surgical procedures done or implants placed in esthetic zone, fibrin sealants may be variable alternative to closing flaps with sutures and with histologic benefits and has potential uses in field of medicine. Fibrin sealant is an excellent beginner in the era of sutureless periodontal flap surgery, and this article is a humble effort to prove it.
Perioral Dermatitis in Children – Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis-Related Factors and Response to Topical Metronidazole (1997)

Perioral dermatitis has to be considered as differential diagnosis in children presenting with erythematous papules and papulovesicles in typical locations. Metronidazole proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of perioral dermatitis in children. Atopy and gastrointestinal colonization with C. albicans do not seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of perioral dermatitis.
Gamma Spectroscopy using a Silicon Photomultiplier and a Scintillator (2006)

Silicon photomultipliers are of great interest for scintillation light detection in gamma spectroscopy, due to their large gain and high speed. In this article we report about the use of a silicon photomultiplier for radiation detection and gamma spectroscopy. It is our goal to understand silicon photomultipliers to the extent that we could use them in imaging instrumentation for applications in nuclear medicine. We measure gain of up to 10/sup 6/, and pixel dark count rate of a few MHz related to the leakage current of about 1 /spl mu/A. Using an LED pulser, we measure the signal risetime of less than a few nano-seconds, and 300-ps rms jitter relative to a photomultiplier tube. We use CsI:Tl and LSO:Ce scintillators and measure energy spectra from radionuclides. In CsI:Tl we measure an energy resolution of 32% FWHM at 122 keV from Co-57, and extrapolate a resolution of 30% FWHM at 140 keV. We observe reasonably good energy spectra from LSO:Ce scintillators. Similar energy spectra were obtained with a photomultiplier tube as a reference.
Photoinitiated cationic polymerization of oxetane formulated with oxirane (1995)

Abstract Photoinitiated cationic polymerization of oxetane, oxirane (epoxide), and a formulation of both was carried out and their reactivity compared. To investigate a formulated system of oxetane and oxirane in photoinitiated cationic polymerization, computational and experimental methods were used. In the computational study, we employed a semiempirical molecular orbital method (AM1). On the other hand, the reactivities of each system were evaluated and compared experimentally by a real‐time FT‐IR method. The computational study reveals that oxetane seems to polymerize in S N 2 mechanism, but two possibilities, of S N 1 mechanism through the α‐cleavage and of S N 2 mechanism through β‐cleavage, are implied for oxirane. Using the real‐time FT‐IR method, the formulation of oxetane and oxirane was proved to possess rather high reactivities of oxetane toward photoinitiated cationic polymerization. The formulated system exhibited slightly lower number‐average molecular weight than oxetane but higher than oxirane. These experimental observations are well explained in terms of the calculated reaction paths. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evolution of program documentation through a long-term project (1985)

This paper is a case study with some recommendations. Over the course of a four-year (twenty person-year) project, the method of documenting programs changed from using separate files containing input data for a documentation lister, to placing all of the program documentation in the source code and using an extraction program when separate documentation was needed. The history and reasons for this evolution are described. The project revealed the usefulness of documentation tools including program templates, a good cross-reference lister, in-line documentation, and the extraction program.
Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Revivew (1978)

No AccessJournal of UrologyReview Article1 Jan 1978Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Revivew William J. Catalqna, and William W. Scott William J. CatalqnaWilliam J. Catalqna , and William W. ScottWilliam W. Scott View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)57365-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1978 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 119Issue 1January 1978Page: 1-8 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1978 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information William J. Catalqna More articles by this author William W. Scott More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Potential of mean force for protein–protein interaction studies (2001)

Calculating protein-protein interaction energies is crucial for understanding protein-protein associations. On the basis of the methodology of mean-field potential, we have developed an empirical approach to estimate binding free energy for protein-protein interactions. This knowledge-based approach has been used to derive distance-dependent free energies of protein complexes from a nonredundant training set in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), with a careful treatment of homology. We calculate atom pair potentials for 16 pair interactions, which can reflect the importance of hydrophobic interactions and specific hydrogen-bonding interactions. The derived potentials for hydrogen-bonding interactions show a valley of favorable interactions at a distance of approximately 3 A, corresponding to that of an established hydrogen bond. For the test set of 28 protein complexes, the calculated energies have a correlation coefficient of 0.75 compared with experimental binding free energies. The performance of the method in ranking the binding energies of different protein-protein complexes shows that the energy estimation can be applied to value binding free energies for protein-protein associations.
Design of prototype high speed CMOS image sensors (2013)

Large size photodiode used in high speed CMOS image sensor pixel suffers from slow signal charges transfer speed and large image lag. To solve these problems, in this paper, we present a new device structure for high speed CMOS image sensor pixel with lateral graded-doping profile pinned photodiode and non-uniform doped channel transfer gate. Theory analysis and TCAD simulation results indicate that the proposed pixel can increase the signal charges transfer speed and reduce the image lag effectively. The measurement results show that, the proposed pixel is able to achieve 40ns readout time and 0.44% image lag. Compare to conventional pixels, 64 times higher readout speed enhancement and five times lower image lag were achieved.