gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Path of Altruism: <i>A Reflection on the Nature of a Gift and Its Consequences in Leading to Entitlement or Enhancement</i> (2008)

The author offers an instructive distinction between a gift and a transfer. A gift enhances the human and intellectual development of another; a transfer might initiate the downhill slide of another into the state of victimhood known as entitlement. Every act we perform toward another, whether individually or through our social capital as philanthropists, has these two possible outcomes. The author then distinguishes between three possible meanings for the concept of obligation: a duty, a responsibility, or compassion and gratitude. He proposes that any act toward another that begins as a duty will likely lead to dependence and reduction of the human spirit. An action that creates in another a state of “being entitled” carries with it, for that person, a significant risk of becoming, in his or her own eyes, a victim with an ever-deepening loss of self-awareness and personal freedom. When that obligation is viewed with a sense of responsibility, an important positive step is achieved in that giving responsibly requires of the donor active caring about whether the gift will harm another. Finally, when obligation is manifested through gratitude as compassion, it leads to the enhancement of one’s own spirit and to the enhancement of the spirits of those it touches. It is the practice of love for one’s fellow man. It is the essence of philosanthropos and thus of philanthropy. <b>TOPICS:</b>Wealth management, foundations & endowments
Stresses and mental health of fathers with younger children in Hong Kong (2003)

This study aimed to explore the sources of parenting stress and the mental health of fathers with kindergarten and primary-school children in Hong Kong. It examined the intervening effects of parenting self-efficacy on the mental health of fathers. Results suggested that fathers who perceived their children as more demanding, less acceptable, less adaptable and less reinforcing had more parenting stress, as well as those fathers with lower educational levels and less family income. Parenting self-efficacy moderated the effects of parenting stress on the mental health of fathers. Cultural and social factors were advanced to explain these findings. Suggestions were made about organizing parenting skills training programmes and reducing parenting stress of these fathers.
A Simplified Approach for the Molecular Classification of Glioblastomas (2012)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumors in adults and exhibit striking aggressiveness. Although GBM constitute a single histological entity, they exhibit considerable variability in biological behavior, resulting in significant differences in terms of prognosis and response to treatment. In an attempt to better understand the biology of GBM, many groups have performed high-scale profiling studies based on gene or protein expression. These studies have revealed the existence of several GBM subtypes. Although there remains to be a clear consensus, two to four major subtypes have been identified. Interestingly, these different subtypes are associated with both differential prognoses and responses to therapy. In the present study, we investigated an alternative immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based approach to achieve a molecular classification for GBM. For this purpose, a cohort of 100 surgical GBM samples was retrospectively evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of EGFR, PDGFRA and p53. The quantitative analysis of these immunostainings allowed us to identify the following two GBM subtypes: the "Classical-like" (CL) subtype, characterized by EGFR-positive and p53- and PDGFRA-negative staining and the "Proneural-like" (PNL) subtype, characterized by p53- and/or PDGFRA-positive staining. This classification represents an independent prognostic factor in terms of overall survival compared to age, extent of resection and adjuvant treatment, with a significantly longer survival associated with the PNL subtype. Moreover, these two GBM subtypes exhibited different responses to chemotherapy. The addition of temozolomide to conventional radiotherapy significantly improved the survival of patients belonging to the CL subtype, but it did not affect the survival of patients belonging to the PNL subtype. We have thus shown that it is possible to differentiate between different clinically relevant subtypes of GBM by using IHC-based profiling, a method that is advantageous in its ease of daily implementation and in large-scale clinical application.
GVAX: an allogeneic, whole-cell, GM-CSF-secreting cellular immunotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer (2007)

Antitumor vaccines, also known as active immunotherapies, have become an intense focus of research over the last decade as a means to ideally provide new targeted, and less toxic, therapies to patients with a variety of malignancies. Prostate cancer is among the diseases where a large amount of promising data has been accumulating regarding several distinct active immunotherapies. Here the authors review one of the therapies, known as GVAX, which is among the furthest along in clinical evaluation. The authors review the preclinical studies leading to the development of this immunotherapy, describe the results from clinical trials conducted in patients with prostate cancer, and discuss the benefits, limitations and potential future applications of this technology.
Removal of virus through novel membrane filtration method. (1996)

To protect against virus infections, the new technology of the virus removal membrane has been developed. The novel virus removal filter PLANOVA is validated for virus removal, that is, reproducible and predictable. The removal is based on the sieving mechanism. The removal of viruses by PLANOVA with a given mean pore size ranging between 10 and 75 nm is predictable when the geometrical size and the deformability of the virus are known in advance under the given filtration conditions. The high removability of viruses originates from the unique pore structure, that is the structure of the multi-layer (or multi-screen) each of which is composed of two types of pores, the capillary and void pores. The good recovery rate of proteins is attained by using material with a good hydroscopic property such as regenerated cellulose. Designing the worst case of the process and selecting model viruses in the process validation experiment are important in the practical application of PLANOVA. The integrity tests by the membrane producer and by the user have been established. Although PLANOVA has already worked well in the field of drug manufacture, the combination of virus removal using PLANOVA and virus inactivation treatment gives potentially wide application.
Improved Fabrication Method of the Microbridge Utilizing Step Edge (1986)

A microbridge is regarded as an ideal application of a Josephson junction. A simple fabrication technology for a microbridge having a very short link was previously proposed. Such a link is fabricated by utilizing a step edge; such a microbridge is named the MUSE. This stands for a Microbridge Utilizing the Step Edge. Another fabrication method for improving the stability and reliability of a microbridge is discussed in this paper.
Material Properties in Abrasive-Waterjet Machining (1995)

The abrasive-waterjet (AWJ) machining process is a controlled erosive wear process where the abrasive cutting agents are focused in a narrow beam. The beam-material interaction process constitutes more than one mode, the most dominant of which are the cutting wear mode and the deformation wear mode. The cutting wear mode occurs at the top of the kerf due to shallow angles of impact and results in a steady-state interface. The material hardness (H) or Vicker’s hardness number is the most relevant material property to this mode of interaction. The deformation wear mode occurs below the cutting wear mode due to large angles of impact and results in an unsteady penetration process. The modulus of elasticity (E) was found to correlate well with the deformation wear material removal. A prediction model was used to express the depth of cut (h) as a function of material properties: h=A/H+B/(E+C) where A, B, and C are process constants.
IgG Fc Fragment as a Scaffold for Development of Targeted Therapeutics (2016)

Monoclonal antibodies and Fc fusion proteins have been successful therapeutics in the field of cancer and immune disease. As their pharmacological activity is dependent on the Fc fragment governing their effector functions and long in vivo half-life, the extensive engineering of the Fc for altered binding of its natural ligands that enable these properties has delivered molecules optimized for their therapeutic effect. Recently, the IgG1 Fc region itself and its subunits monomeric Fc fragment, CH2 and monomeric CH3 domain, have been engineered into scaffolds with favorable biophysical properties and a high potential for de novo antigen recognition. A dimeric Fc fragment with an antigen binding site has proven suitable for evaluation in animal models and has already entered human trials. Such modified constant domains can easily be incorporated into an antibody or fused with antibody domains of a second specificity. The small size of the Fc and its subunits that enhances their tissue penetration, as well as the unique topology of their binding sites that allows novel modes of contact with the antigen, are attractive features that prompt their development into promising candidate therapeutics.
Real-time in situ monitoring via europium emission of the photo-release of antitumor cisplatin from a Eu–Pt complex (2015)

A water-soluble light-responsive antitumor agent, PtEuL, based on a cisplatin-linked europium-cyclen complex has been synthesized and evaluated for controlled cisplatin release by linear/two-photon excitation in vitro with concomitant turn-on and long-lived europium emission as a responsive traceable signal.
Using Complementary Treatments (2002)

The promise of natural products as possible sources of new treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other dementing illnesses is on the rise. Scientific evidence for the 13 dietary supplements most commonly used for memory impairment is analyzed and evaluated.
Resolution of mitotic cells using laser scanning cytometry (1996)

A microscope-based laser scanning cytometer (LSCM) has been developed that automatically measures multiple wavelength fluorescence and light scattering of cells on a microscope slide and generates lists of cytochemical and morphological features for each of thousands of cells in a typical sample. For a sample stained with a DNA stain, among the features generated are the value (DNA content), peak (chromatin condensation), and area (nuclear size), as well as the location of the cell on the slide. When combined with each other, these features give detailed resolution of the mammalian cell cycle, including the separation of mitotic from interphase cells. This is demonstrated under a variety of conditions, including cells that were fixed while in suspension and then adhered to a microscope slide, cytocentrifuge preparations, adherent cells fixed in situ on a microscope slide, on viable adherent cells, and on pathological tissue material. Galleries are shown of images of cells that were identified by the instrument as belonging to specific stages of the cell cycle, based on their biochemical staining, and were automatically relocated for viewing. The images are either epifluorescence images of the cells stained with the DNA fluorochrome or brightfield images of cells from slides that were restained with chromatic dyes.
Determination of nitrogen compound types and distribution in petroleum by gas chrmmatography with a coulometric detector (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of nitrogen compound types and distribution in petroleum by gas chrmmatography with a coulometric detectorD. Kendall. AlbertCite this: Anal. Chem. 1967, 39, 10, 1113–1117Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60254a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60254a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Annexin‐1 peptide Anx‐1<sub>2–26</sub> protects adult rat cardiac myocytes from cellular injury induced by simulated ischaemia (2005)

1 The anti-inflammatory properties of annexin-1 peptides have been largely ascribed to their powerful antineutrophil actions in vivo. We have recently reported that the N-terminal fragment of annexin-1, Anx-1(2-26), preserves contractile function of cardiac muscle in vitro. The aim of the present study was to determine if Anx-1(2-26) elicits protective actions specifically on the cardiac myocyte (in the absence of neutrophils), using a model of metabolic inhibition to simulate ischaemia. 2 Metabolic inhibition of cardiac myocytes (4 h incubation at 37 degrees C in HEPES-containing buffer supplemented with 2-deoxy-D-glucose, D,L-lactic acid and pH adjusted to 6.5) followed by 2.5 h recovery in normal medium markedly increased creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels by 179+/-39 and 26+/-7 IU L(-1) (both n=40, P<0.001), respectively. However, cellular injury was significantly decreased when Anx-1(2-26) (0.3 microM) was present during metabolic inhibition, CK by 74+/-10% and LDH by 71+/-6% (both n=31, P<0.001), respectively. 3 Boc 2 (10 microM), a nonselective formyl peptide receptor antagonist, present during metabolic inhibition, abolished the cardioprotective effect of Anx-1(2-26). 4 Addition of chelerythrine (10 microM), 5-hydroxydecanoate (500 microM) or SB202190 (1 microM) during metabolic inhibition also abolished Anx-1(2-26)-induced cardioprotection. 5 Cellular injury induced by metabolic inhibition was also largely prevented when myocytes were incubated with Anx-1(2-26) for 5 min with 10 min recovery prior to the insult, or when Anx-1(2-26) was present only during the recovery period following drug-free metabolic inhibition. 6 In conclusion, the annexin-1 peptide Anx-1(2-26) potently prevents cardiac myocyte injury induced by metabolic inhibition, an action that was dependent at least in part on the activation of the formyl peptide receptor family of G-protein-coupled receptors, protein kinase C, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
Novel spherical phantoms for Q‐ball imaging under in vivo conditions (2010)

For the validation of complex diffusion imaging techniques like q-ball imaging that aim to resolve multiple fiber directions, appropriate phantoms are highly desirable. However, previous q-ball imaging phantoms had diffusion anisotropies well below those of in vivo white matter. In this work, fiber phantoms of well-defined geometry are presented. The fibers are wound on a spherical spindle yielding high packing densities and consequently high diffusion anisotropies (fractional anisotropy 0.93 ± 0.02 at b = 500 s/mm(2)). Phantoms with 90° and 45° crossing angle were constructed both with two crossing types. In the "stacked" crossing, two fiber strings were wound consecutively to simulate two touching fibers, in the "interleaved" crossing, fibers were wound alternately. The stacked crossing allows the alteration of partial volumes, whereas the interleaved crossing provides constant partial volumes, allowing e.g. the easy alteration of the SNR by varying the slice thickness. Exemplary q-ball imaging validation measurements using different b-values and slice thicknesses are presented.
The development of human sera tests for HDL-bound serum PON1 and its lipolactonase activity (2007)

Serum paraoxonase (PON1) is a lipolactonase that associates with HDL-apolipoprotein A-I (HDL-apoA-I) and thereby plays a role in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Current sera tests make use of promiscuous substrates and provide no indications regarding HDL-PON1 complex formation. We developed new enzymatic tests that detect total PON1 levels, irrespective of HDL status and R/Q polymorphism, as well as the degree of catalytic stimulation and increased stability that follow PON1's tight binding to HDL-apoA-I. The tests are based on measuring total PON1 levels with a fluorogenic phosphotriester, measuring the lipolactonase activity with a chromogenic lactone, and assaying the enzyme's chelator-mediated inactivation rate. The latter two are affected by tight HDL binding and thereby derive the levels of the serum PON1-HDL complex. We demonstrate these new tests with a group of healthy individuals (n=54) and show that the levels of PON1-HDL vary by a factor of 12. Whereas the traditionally applied paraoxonase and arylesterase tests weakly reflect PON1-HDL levels (R=0.64), the lipolactonase test provides better correlation (R=0.80). These new tests indicate the levels and activity of PON1 in a physiologically relevant context as well as the levels and quality of the HDL particles with which the enzyme is associated.
Characterization of acid sites in Beta and ZSM-20 zeolites (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of acid sites in Beta and ZSM-20 zeolitesRamesh B. Borade and Abraham ClearfieldCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 16, 6729–6737Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100195a037https://doi.org/10.1021/j100195a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views995Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Multi-layered poly-dimethylsiloxane as a non-hermetic packaging material for medical MEMS (2012)

Poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is an attractive material for packaging implantable biomedical microdevices owing to its biocompatibility, ease in application, and bio-friendly mechanical properties. Unfortunately, devices encapsulated solely by PDMS lack the longevity for use in chronic implant applications due to defect-related moisture penetration through the packaging layer caused by conventional deposition processes such as spin coating. This paper describes an effort to improve the performance of PDMS as a packaging material by constructing the encapsulant from multiple, thin roller casted layers of PDMS as a part of a polymeric multi-material package.
Summary Abstract: Radio frequency ion source development for neutral beam application (1984)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation K. N. Leung, K. W. Ehlers, D. Kippenhan, M. C. Vella; Summary Abstract: Radio frequency ion source development for neutral beam application. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1 April 1984; 2 (2): 675. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.572424 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Electrical resistance tomography to detect leaks from buried pipes (2001)

This paper describes a non-invasive method for detecting leaks in buried pipes, which uses a surface linear electrode array perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. Two electrodes inject current and the remaining electrodes detect the drop in voltage on the ground surface using both the dipole-dipole array and a modified Schlumberger array. A single-step reconstruction algorithm based on the sensitivity theorem yields two-dimensional images of the cross section. A personal computer controls current injection, electrode switching and voltage detection, which allows us to easily test various arrays of electrodes and speed up the process of measurement. The system was first tested in the laboratory using a stainless steel tube immersed in water and covered by a rubber sleeve to simulate a non-conductive leak. By taking reference measurements with the immersed bare pipe, it is possible to reconstruct images showing the simulated leak using only 16 electrodes and even as few as eight electrodes, albeit with reduced resolution. Field measurements have involved simulated leaks of water from a plastic tube 1 m long and 8 cm in radius buried at a depth of about 24 cm in a farm field. The hardware system injected 1 kHz, 20 V peak-to-valley square waveforms, thus avoiding electrode polarization effects. The simulated leak was unmistakably distinguished.