gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interface stress of Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>As–GaAs layer structures (1973)

It is shown that stresses caused at the interface of a AlxGa1−xAs–GaAs heteroboundary are due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of the two layers involved. These interface stresses are elastic and depend on the crystallographic orientation of the heteroboundary plane. Based on these experimental observations, a planar stress model for double heterostructure (DH) devices is developed which results in stress levels in the order of 108 dyn/cm2 for typical low-threshold DH laser structures. It is demonstrated that this type of stress is responsible for the occasional preference of TM modes over the TE modes in DH lasers.
Medicine by micromachine (2009)

A tiny, programmable electronic system that delivers the proper drug dose at exactly the right time would clearly benefit patients and caregivers and would also ease the burden of patient monitoring on medical personnel and hospitals. Indeed, this work could revolutionize medical care. This drug-delivery system consists of a programmable micropump powered by a small battery and controlled by an electronic circuit. It pulses precise quantities of a drug from a small reservoir into the inner ear. A flow sensor meters the delivery and sends out an alert if anything goes wrong. Delivering therapeutic compounds to the ear, though, is no small task. Any drug-delivery system for the ear will require extremely high-precision engineering to navigate the intricate internal geometry of the cochlea. We've tested this system on guinea pigs, and our results show that it can successfully deliver medication to the inner ear without damaging hearing.
Biobased composites prepared by compression molding with a novel thermoset resin from soybean oil and a natural‐fiber reinforcement (2010)

Abstract Biobased composites were manufactured with a compression‐molding technique. Novel thermoset resins from soybean oil were used as a matrix, and flax fibers were used as reinforcements. The air‐laid fibers were stacked randomly, the woven fabrics were stacked crosswise (0/90°), and impregnation was performed manually. The fiber/resin ratio was 60 : 40. The prepared biobased composites were characterized by impact and flexural testing. Scanning electron microscopy of knife‐cut cross sections of the specimens was also done to investigate the fiber–matrix interface. Thermogravimetric analysis of the composites was carried out to provide indications of thermal stability. Three resins from soybean oil [methacrylated soybean oil, methacrylic anhydride modified soybean oil (MMSO), and acetic anhydride modified soybean oil] were used as matrices. The impact strength of the composites with MMSO resin reinforced with air‐laid flax fibers was 24 kJ/m 2 , whereas that of the MMSO resin reinforced with woven flax fabric was between 24 and 29 kJ/m 2 . The flexural strength of the MMSO resin reinforced with air‐laid flax fibers was between 83 and 118 MPa, and the flexural modulus was between 4 and 6 GPa, whereas the flexural strength of the MMSO resin reinforced with woven fabric was between 90 and 110 MPa, and the flexural modulus was between 4.87 and 6.1 GPa. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Into Functional Ovarian Granulosa-like Cells (2013)

We successfully established an effective protocol to generate functional ovarian granulosa-like cells from hESCs. The derivation of these cells opens new avenues for the further study and potential application of these cells in human folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis.
Detection and quantification of subtle changes in red blood cell density using a cell phone (2016)

Magnetic levitation has emerged as a technique that offers the ability to differentiate between cells with different densities. We have developed a magnetic levitation system for this purpose that distinguishes not only different cell types but also density differences in cells of the same type. This small-scale system suspends cells in a paramagnetic medium in a capillary placed between two rare earth magnets, and cells levitate to an equilibrium position determined solely by their density. Uniform reference beads of known density are used in conjunction with the cells as a means to quantify their levitation positions. In one implementation images of the levitating cells are acquired with a microscope, but here we also introduce a cell phone-based device that integrates the magnets, capillary, and a lens into a compact and portable unit that acquires images with the phone's camera. To demonstrate the effectiveness of magnetic levitation in cell density analysis we carried out levitation experiments using red blood cells with artificially altered densities, and also levitated those from donors. We observed that we can distinguish red blood cells of an anemic donor from those that are healthy. Since a plethora of disease states are characterized by changes in cell density magnetic cell levitation promises to be an effective tool in identifying and analyzing pathologic states. Furthermore, the low cost, portability, and ease of use of the cell phone-based system may potentially lead to its deployment in low-resource environments.
Experimentally validated theoretical model of avalanche multiplication x-ray noise in amorphous selenium (2000)

We are investigating active matrix flat panel x-ray detectors for real-time operation in the fluoroscopic exposure range. The typical exposure range for fluoroscopy is low, (0.1 - 10 (mu) R/frame). Hence the flat panel must be very sensitive to produce quantum noise limited images. The application of avalanche multiplication in amorphus selenium, ((alpha) -Se) is examined. Avalanche multiplication, M, can be used to increase signal size, potentially eliminating the quantum sink at low exposure levels. However, M greater than 1 also causes an overall degradation of DQE due to the addition of a new source of gain fluctuation noise. Using a linear cascaded systems model, this noise can be expressed as an additional avalanche Swank factor A<SUB>(alpha</SUB> ) in the expression for DQE(0) equals (eta) A<SUB>s</SUB>A<SUB>(alpha</SUB> ) where (eta) is the quantum efficiency, A<SUB>S</SUB> is the conventional conversion gain Swank factor. Depending upon the parameters, the value of A<SUB>(alpha</SUB> ) can vary from unity to less than 0.2. Our model was in agreement with experimentally observed values of A<SUB>(alpha</SUB> ) obtained using an imaging system (HARP) with (alpha) -Se layers capable of avalanche multiplication. The results indicate that a balance must be maintained between the improvement from avalanche multiplication to the amplifier noise limited part of the image, and the degradation effect it has on the quantum noise limited parts of the image. It also suggests that proper engineering of the avalanche layer can minimize, and perhaps eliminate, the additional noise fluctuations arising from avalanche multiplication of x-ray signals.
RER, an Evolutionarily Conserved Sequence Upstream of the Rhodopsin Gene, Has Enhancer Activity (1996)

Previous transgenic mouse experiments localized the mammalian rhodopsin gene promoter to a region just upstream of the mRNA start site, and also suggested the existence of a second more distal regulatory region. A highly conserved 100-base pair (bp) sequence which is homologous to the red and green opsin locus control region is located 1.5-2 kilobases upstream of the rhodopsin gene (depending on the species). In order to test the activity of this 100-bp region, transgenic mice were generated with bovine rhodopsin promoter/lacZ constructs which differed only by the presence or absence of the sequence. Of 11 lines generated, all demonstrated photoreceptor-specific expression of the transgene, but the lines with the putative regulatory region showed significantly higher expression. Additional transgenic lines in which the region was fused to a minimal heterologous promoter did not show transgene expression in the retina. Gel mobility shift and DNase I footprint assays demonstrated that bovine retinal nuclear extracts contain retina-specific as well as ubiquitously expressed factors that interact with the putative regulatory region in a sequence-specific manner. These results indicate that the 100-bp sequence can indeed function in vivo as a rhodopsin enhancer region.
Markers of Epidermal Stem Cell Subpopulations in Adult Mammalian Skin (2014)

The epidermis is the outermost layer of mammalian skin and comprises a multilayered epithelium, the interfollicular epidermis, with associated hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and eccrine sweat glands. As in other epithelia, adult stem cells within the epidermis maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute to repair of tissue damage. The bulge of hair follicles, where DNA-label-retaining cells reside, was traditionally regarded as the sole epidermal stem cell compartment. However, in recent years multiple stem cell populations have been identified. In this review, we discuss the different stem cell compartments of adult murine and human epidermis, the markers that they express, and the assays that are used to characterize epidermal stem cell properties.
Research on the Applicability of Biomass Ethanol for Automotive Fuel (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
倫常道•菩提心——李炳南居士儒佛思想探析 (2013)

Kulapati Lee Bing-nan (1890-1986) responded to the cultural crises of modern China through his commitment in education. One distinctive feature of his teachings is a twin devotion to Confucianist and Buddhist philosophies. Through such devotion, Lee has become an instrumental figure in the transmission of Confucian Spirituality and Pure Land belief in post-war Taiwan. From the late Qing through the early Republican period, Buddhism in China undergone its own crises and chances of revitalization, while traditional (Confucian) culture was saddled with the decision to persist or to reform. Lee can be said to be one of the typical historical figures who partook in the distribution and development of Confucianism and Buddhism in the epoch. This study of Lee’s Confucian-Buddhist philosophy aims to reveal the spirit of his thinking and the ultimate concern in his intellectual pursuits. It will also highlight the originality and significance of Lee’s philosophy.
Design of a component-based augmented reality framework (2002)

The authors propose a new approach to building augmented reality (AR) systems using a component-based software framework. This has advantages for all parties involved with AR systems. A project manager can reuse existing components in new applications; an end user can reconfigure his system by plugging modules together, an application developer can view the system at a high level of abstraction; and a component developer can focus on technical problems. Our proposed framework consists of reusable distributed services for key subproblems of AR, the middleware to combine them, and an extensible software architecture. We have implemented services for tracking, modeling real and virtual objects, modeling structured navigation or maintenance instructions, and multimodal user interfaces. As a working proof of our concept, we have built an indoor and outdoor campus navigation system using different modes of tracking and user interaction.
Technique for measuring hippocampal T2 relaxation time. (1997)

T2 mapping with CSE 30/120 sequences may be readily applied, produces reliable T2 values in contiguous 5-mm sections, and may be useful in the assessment of the hippocampus and other cerebral structures.
Emission Characteristics for <100>, <110> and <111> LaB<sub>6</sub> Cathodes (1980)

Characteristics for electron beam emitted from <100>, <110> and <111> axial orientation LaB 6 cathodes after 100 hours of aging were studied. It is inferred from the emission pattern and cross-over image that electrons are emitted to a great extent from the top surface for the <100> cathode and mainly from the conical surface for <110> and <111> cathodes at a bias voltage that gives maximum brightness. This inference clearly explains the electron beam characteristics such as brightness, emission angle and total beam current.
Structure-Antifungal Activity Relationships among Volatile C6 and C9 Aliphatic Aldehydes, Ketones, and Alcohols (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure-Antifungal Activity Relationships among Volatile C6 and C9 Aliphatic Aldehydes, Ketones, and AlcoholsRoger A. Andersen, Thomas R. Hamilton-Kemp, David F. Hildebrand, Charles T. McCracken Jr., Randall W. Collins, and Pierce D. FlemingCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 7, 1563–1568Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00043a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00043a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Nanowatt Successive Approximation ADC with Offset Correction for Implantable Sensor Applications (2007)

An 8-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with offset correction circuitry is presented for implantable sensor applications. The ADC is designed in a 0.13 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> m CMOS process technology and operates with voltage supplies down to 0.35V using MOSFETs operating in their sub-threshold region of operation. Sample rates of 60kS/s are achieved with an INL and DNL of approximately 0.26LSB and 0.35LSB respectively. The SAR ADC achieves 10.7pJ/cycle operating at 20kS/s with a 0.4V supply. An offset correction circuit is included to dynamically minimize the offset voltage on the comparator.
Optical logic inverter and and elements using laser or light-emitting diodes and photodetectors in a bistable system (1984)

Fundamental optical digital data-processing functions of optical inverter and optical AND elements are proposed and demonstrated experimentally for the first reported time using light-emitting diodes and a photodetector in a hybrid optoelectronic bistable system. The inherent simplicity of these bistable optical devices that use either a laser or a light-emitting diode should make it possible to realize these optical logic functions by monolithic optoelectronic integration. Specific integration schemes are also proposed, and future interesting and useful applications are discussed.
An Extended Clq‐Binding Assay Using Lactoperoxidase‐ and Chloramine‐T‐Iodinated Clq (1983)

An extension of the C1q-binding assay for the detection of immune-aggregate-mediated and non-immune-aggregate-mediated C1q binding is reported. The assay involves the use of two different C1q preparations, one radioiodinated by means of lactoperoxidase (LPO-125I-C1q) and the other by means of chloramine-T (CT-125I-C1q). The treatment with CT for 20 min at room temperature before iodination for 1 min led to abolishment of the C1q-binding capacities to complexed IgG: approximately 50% of LPO-125I-C1q but only 2% of CT-125I-C1q bound to 80 micrograms/ml of IgG forming part of tetanus toxoid/anti-tetanus toxoid complexes or to 200 micrograms/ml of heat-aggregated human gamma globulin. Similar results were obtained with staphylococcal protein-A-aggregated IgG. CT-treated C1q was haemolytically inactive. In contrast to the results with complexed IgG, CT treatment did not markedly reduce binding capacities of C1q to heparin: approximately 55% of LPO- and CT-125I-C1q were bound by 127 U/ml of commercial heparin in normal human serum. Both C1q preparations bound to a comparable extent to fibronectin, fibrinogen, and various bacterial endotoxins. When the LPO- and CT-125I-C1q-binding patterns obtained on serum samples from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia were compared with binding patterns observed using laboratory reactants, an immediate detection of non-immune-aggregate-mediated C1q binding became possible.
Antagonistic and Agonistic Anti-canine CD28 Monoclonal Antibodies: Tools for Allogeneic Transplantation (2011)

These studies demonstrated that mouse anti-caCD28 mAbs can be generated with agonistic or antagonistic function.
A microwave model for moisture determination in bulk materials and a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm (2002)

A theoretical model for describing the dielectric constant of moist bulk materials such as tobacco, rape seed and similar materials and a robust algorithm based on this model for determining the moisture content of these materials is presented. In contrast to established models, this method takes into account the different binding energies of water molecules in the capillaries of the material. The algorithm is based on maximum likelihood estimation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diseases of the Veins: Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment (1988)

A second edition of the comprehensive account of diagnosis, pathology and treatment of the diseases of the peripheral vasculature. This revised edition takes into account the changes which have taken place in investigative techniques, and considers conditions such as varicose veins, ulcerations, and the prevention of deep vein thrombosis.
Power System Analysis and Design (2007)

From the Publisher:
Glover and Sarma offer broad coverage of power system concepts, combined with chapter opening case studies, updated exercises, and new problems for solutions with computers and programmable calculators.
Modern Package Design Factors Hidden in Traditional Korean Wrapping Cloth (2007)

문헌과 풍속도를 통해 보자기의 용도와 쓰임새를 알아보고, 민보와 상용보를 중심으로 그 가치와 기능을 분석 하였다. 산업사회 가방문화의 단일성과는 달리 보자기는 다양성과 역동성, 가변적수용성, 2차원과 3차원이 동시에 공존하고 있다는 것을 발견했고, 보자기를 만드는 과정에 있어서 짜투리 천조각의 재활용성은 세계 어느 전통 운반기구의 문화 에서도 찾아볼 수 없는 친환경적요소를 내재하고 있다. 이런 다의적 요소들은 기술과 재료의 발달로 다양한 기능으로 컨버전스 되어 새로운 관점의 포장디자인이 가능해진다. 이를 현대 포장디자인 관점에서 분석하여 복합적이고, 융합적인 다양한 기능의 현대 포장디자인 방향을 제시한다. In this study, the use of wrapping cloth was studied by examining documents and drawings from the past that reflect the life of people of the time with a focus on "minbo" (a wrapping cloth used by civilians) and "gungbo" (a wrapping cloth used by the ruling class). Unlike the bag culture of industrialized society, wrapping cloth has diversity, dynamic and receptiveness to changes as well as coexistence of 2 and 3-dimension. Environment-friendliness of recyclability of the cloth used for making wrapping cloth is not found in any other traditional transportation device cultures of the world. Such polysemous elements converge into a various functions with the development of technology and raw material and allow a package design from a new perspective. This study analyzes the above factors from a package design perspective to suggest an innovative modern package design that has fusional, diverse features.
ChemInform Abstract: C—H Nitrogenation and Oxygenation by Ruthenium Catalysis (2014)

Abstract Review: 44 refs.
Overview of Special Sub-section on Money Management Articles: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Money Management by Addicts (2012)

A cross-discipline consideration of how addicts manage their funds has the potential to inform and improve substance abuse treatment.
Effect of Novel Maize-based Dietary Fibers on Postprandial Glycemia and Insulinemia (2008)

These novel maize-based dietary fibers all produce lower postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses than the control. While further assessment is necessary in beverage and foods containing these fibers, they may be effective in applications for dietary strategies to control diabetes and other chronic diseases. In addition, the in vitro digestibility assay correlated well with in vivo data and may be useful in guiding product development.
Integration of Unascertained Method with Neural Networks and Its Application (2011)

This paper presents the adoption of artificial neural network (ANN) model and Unascertained system to assist decision-makers in forecasting the early warning of financial in China. Artificial neural network (ANN) has outstanding characteristics in machine learning, fault, tolerant, parallel reasoning and processing nonlinear problem abilities. Unascertained system that imitates the human brain's thinking logical is a kind of mathematical tools used to deal with imprecise and uncertain knowledge. Integrating unascertained method with neural network technology, the reasoning process of network coding can be tracked, and the output of the network can be given a physical explanation. Application case shows that combines unascertained systems with feedforward artificial neural networks can obtain more reasonable and more advantage of nonlinear mapping that can handle more complete type of data.
Novel insights into the biology and treatment of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (2014)

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal disorders of hematopoiesis characterized by a high frequency of genetic alterations, and include chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the BCR-ABL1-negative MPNs. Herein we summarize recent advances and controversies in our understanding of the biology and therapy of these disorders, as discussed at the 8th post-American Society of Hematology CML-MPN workshop. The principal areas addressed include the breakthrough discovery of CALR mutations in patients with JAK2/MPL wild type MPN, candidate therapies based on novel genetic findings in leukemic transformation and new therapeutic targets in MPNs, and an appraisal of bone marrow histopathology in MPNs with a focus on the potential new clinical entity of "masked" polycythemia vera. An update on clinical trials of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors is presented as well as current understanding regarding the definitions and mechanisms of resistance to JAK inhibitors, and updated information on the safety and efficacy of discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with CML.