gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different Oppressions (1997)

Jean-Paul Sartre’s Anti-Semite and Jew was published shortly after the end of the Nazi occupation of France. Written in France, by a Frenchman, it is about French anti-Semites and French Jews. While this may seem to restrict the application of what Sartre has to say, I felt from my first encounter with the book that his observations and analyses have enormous potential in helping us to understand sexism and even heterosexism as well as racism, including possibly different forms of anti-Semitism.
Physiological mechanisms of rigidity in Parkinson's disease. (1983)

Electromyographic responses of triceps surae and tibialis anterior produced by dorsiflexion stretch were studied in 17 patients with Parkinson's disease. Most patients showed increased muscular activity when attempting to relax. A few patients showed an increase of short-latency reflexes when relaxed and when exerting a voluntary plantarflexion prior to the stretch. Many patients showed long-latency reflexes when relaxed and all but one showed long-latency reflexes with voluntary contraction; and these reflexes were often larger in magnitude and longer in duration than those seen in normal subjects. Unlike the short-latency reflex, the long-latency reflex did not disappear with vibration applied to the Achilles tendon. The long-latency reflexes and continuous responses to slow ramp stretches were diminished at a latency similar to the beginning of long-latency reflexes when the stretching was quickly reversed. Dorsiflexion stretch also frequently produced a shortening reaction in tibialis anterior. Of all the abnormal behavior exhibited by the Parkinsonian patients only the long-latency reflex magnitude and duration correlated with the clinical impression of increased tone. The mechanism of the long-latency reflex to stretch which is responsible for rigidity is not certain, but the present results are consistent with a group II mediated tonic response.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Anterior Cervical Spine Stabilization (1998)

The cervical spine locking plate is theoretically safer than the Caspar system because the posterior vertebral body cortex is not breached by the fixation screws, and the screws are less likely to back out anteriorly and irritate the esophagus. According to these results, the cervical spine locking plate system is biomechanically equivalent to and in some cases more stable than the Caspar system for fixation of a severe compressive flexion injury.
Early detection of glaucoma by means of a novel 3D computer-automated visual field test (2007)

The 3D computer-automated threshold Amsler grid test may demonstrate visual field abnormalities characteristic of glaucoma in glaucoma suspects with normal achromatic Humphrey visual field testing. This test may be used as a screening tool for the early detection of glaucoma.
Automated translating beam profiler for in-situ laser beam spot-size and focal position measurements. [dataset] (2018)

Data files supporting the paper "Automated translating beam profiler for in-situ laser beam spot-size and focal position measurements", arXiv.org/abs/1801.06508. Data used in the figures of the paper. Separate sub-folders for each figure. See the information.txt file for information specific to each figure
Electro-encapsulating drugs within blood platelets: local delivery to injured arteries during angioplasty. (1996)

Prostacyclins (PGl2) inhibit platelet-platelet interactions at concentrations that do not affect platelet adhesion to collagen and other arterial subendothelial structures exposed during injury. Such compounds can be encapsulated within platelets by reversible electroporation and, using the platelet's natural haemostatic propensity, they can be targeted to injured vessels in vivo. In rat (aorta), rabbit (ileofemoral) and pig (carotid) angioplasty models, autologous platelets, electro-loaded with the stable prostacyclin iloprost and given intravenously after balloon overstretch injury, substantially reduced platelet deposition at the lesion site as compared with control platelets. In the pig model, when the drug-loaded platelets were delivered directly to the injury site during angioplasty via a double balloon delivery catheter, platelet deposition was restricted to monolayer coverage (> 80% reduction compared with controls). Candidate antiproliferative drugs (for co-encapsulating with iloprost) are being investigated in order to develop a combined antithrombotic/antirestenosis strategy for use during angioplasty and thrombolysis procedures. Autologous platelets as drug-targeting vehicles should obviate many of the immunological, toxicological and biodegradability concerns inherent in the use of other drug transport vectors such as antibodies, viruses, liposomes and synthetic polymer microcapsules.
A UML-based pattern specification technique (2004)

Informally described design patterns are useful for communicating proven solutions for recurring design problems to developers, but they cannot be used as compliance points against which solutions that claim to conform to the patterns are checked. Pattern specification languages that utilize mathematical notation provide the needed formality, but often at the expense of usability. We present a rigorous and practical technique for specifying pattern solutions expressed in the unified modeling language (UML). The specification technique paves the way for the development of tools that support rigorous application of design patterns to UML design models. The technique has been used to create specifications of solutions for several popular design patterns. We illustrate the use of the technique by specifying observer and visitor pattern solutions.
Soft, Comfortable Polymer Dry Electrodes for High Quality ECG and EEG Recording (2014)

Conventional gel electrodes are widely used for biopotential measurements, despite important drawbacks such as skin irritation, long set-up time and uncomfortable removal. Recently introduced dry electrodes with rigid metal pins overcome most of these problems; however, their rigidity causes discomfort and pain. This paper presents dry electrodes offering high user comfort, since they are fabricated from EPDM rubber containing various additives for optimum conductivity, flexibility and ease of fabrication. The electrode impedance is measured on phantoms and human skin. After optimization of the polymer composition, the skin-electrode impedance is only ~10 times larger than that of gel electrodes. Therefore, these electrodes are directly capable of recording strong biopotential signals such as ECG while for low-amplitude signals such as EEG, the electrodes need to be coupled with an active circuit. EEG recordings using active polymer electrodes connected to a clinical EEG system show very promising results: alpha waves can be clearly observed when subjects close their eyes, and correlation and coherence analyses reveal high similarity between dry and gel electrode signals. Moreover, all subjects reported that our polymer electrodes did not cause discomfort. Hence, the polymer-based dry electrodes are promising alternatives to either rigid dry electrodes or conventional gel electrodes.
A Conceptual Service Discovery Architecture for Semantic Web Services in Dynamic Environments (2006)

Web Services technology is being used for increasingly different environments than it was designed for. To facilitate discovery of Web Services in dynamic environments, both service description and distribution of descriptions must be improved. Several research efforts target semantic description of services. However, Semantic Web Service discovery in peer-to-peer-like, dynamic environments where services and registries are transient cannot be based on current mechanisms for distribution of Web Service descriptions. Based on a set of generic requirements, we introduce a conceptual architecture that aims to solve many of the problems related to Semantic Web Service discovery in dynamic environments. The architecture is based on a distributed multi-registry topology and aliveness information. We present several research problems we have identified during our initial work on this architecture.
Efficient wavelet-based temporally scalable video coding (2003)

A new temporally scalable video coding algorithm based on the interpolating wavelet transform is proposed. With the proposed approach, the input video frames are first applied to an interpolating wavelet transform which generates video frames with reduced temporal redundancy in its high pass branch and original video frames at lower rate in its low pass branch. We further propose the reversible rounding method to convert the floating point coefficients given by the interpolating wavelet transform into integers without loss of resolution. The proposed video codec shares the same advantage of the traditional temporal subband (TSB) approach in that it is very simple in nature since it does not require the complicated motion compensation process. It outperforms substantially the TSB approach in generating lower frame rate videos.
Fludarabine and cytarabine as continuous sequential infusion for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. (2005)

Patients with an intermediate karyotype and those receiving ASCT had a significantly better clinical outcome. Results in terms of CR achievement, CD34+ cell collection and ASCT feasibility. A longer follow up is needed in order to evaluate the actual benefit on long-term survival.
Artigo: A sociedade civil “institucionalizada” (2004)

This article is the first result of a research project that analyzes the presence
of civil society organizations in Brazilian politics. Since the 1988 Constitution,
but mainly after the PT took over the presidency of the republic, these
organizations have assumed considerable importance in Brazilian national
politics. The author’s current focus is on an analysis of two councils created
by the Lula government: the Council for Economic and Social Development
(CDES) and the National Council for Food Security (Conseas). The goal of the
article is not to make an evaluation of these councils, but to examine them in
relation to the participation of civil society.
Key-words: civil society, participative democracy, councils, Lula’s government
Glutathione Synthetase of<i>Aspergillus niger</i>: Structural Properties of the Enzyme in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes (1989)

Journal Article Glutathione Synthetase of Aspergillus niger: Structural Properties of the Enzyme in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Get access Kousaku Murata, Kousaku Murata Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611, Japan To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akira Kimura, Akira Kimura Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Norio Yajima Norio Yajima Asama Kasei Co., Ltd., Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 53, Issue 4, 1 April 1989, Pages 1145–1149, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1989.10869441 Published: 01 April 1989 Article history Received: 05 December 1988 Published: 01 April 1989
In-vitro development and implantation of human embryos following culture on fetal bovine uterine fibroblast cells (1989)

Human zygotes resulting from IVF were placed in two different culture systems to evaluate in-vitro development and to establish pregnancies in patients following embryo replacement. Treatment A (control) consisted of culturing zygotes in a modified Earle's Balanced Salt solution while treatment B consisted of culturing zygotes on a monolayer of fetal bovine uterine fibroblasts in this same culture medium. At the time of embryo replacement, embryos within treatments A and B had 3.7 and 4.3 blastomeres present, respectively. After 24 h in culture, the cellular fragmentation rate for treatment A embryos was 0.85 which was greater (P <0.05) than the fragmentation rate of 0.44) for embryos within treatment B. The incidence of implantation for patients whose embryos were given treatment A was 17.0% which was lower (P <0.05) than 35% for those given treatment B. Implantation rates increased with time in culture (43%) for treatment B embryos. Culture by treatment B of three pronucleate zygotes resulted in 7/9 and 4/9 reachIng the blastocyst and expanded blastocyst stages, respectively, whereas only 1/26 three-pronucleate zygotes cultured using treatment A reached either of these stages.
A Corpus for Hybrid Question Answering Systems (2018)

Question answering has been the focus of a lot of researches and evaluation campaigns, either for text-based systems (TREC and CLEF evaluation campaigns for example), or for knowledge-based systems (QALD, BioASQ). Few systems have effectively combined both types of resources and methods in order to exploit the fruitfulness of merging the two kinds of information repositories. The only evaluation QA track that focuses on hybrid QA is QALD since 2014. As it is a recent task, few annotated data are available (around 150 questions). In this paper, we present a question answering dataset that was constructed to develop and evaluate hybrid question answering systems. In order to create this corpus, we collected several textual corpora and augmented them with entities and relations of a knowledge base by retrieving paths in the knowledge base which allow to answer the questions. The resulting corpus contains 4300 question-answer pairs and 1600 have a true link with DBpedia.
Evaluation of Machine Vision Techniques for Aerial Search of Humans in Maritime Environments (2008)

Searching for humans lost in vast stretches of ocean has always been a difficult task. In this paper, a range of machine vision approaches are investigated as candidate tools to mitigate the risk of human fatigue and complacency after long hours performing these kind of search tasks. Our two-phased approach utilises point target detection followed by temporal tracking of these targets. Four different point target detection techniques and two tracking techniques are evaluated. We also evaluate the use of different colour spaces for target detection. This paper has a particular focus on Hidden Markov Model based tracking techniques, which seem best able to incorporate a priori knowledge about the maritime search problem, to improve detection performance. 1.
XXIII.—On the supposed identity of rutin and quercitrin (1888)

E. Schunck, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1888, 53, 262 DOI: 10.1039/CT8885300262
Tamoxifen therapy in primary breast cancer: biology, efficacy, and side effects. (1989)

Since its introduction into clinical use in the early 1970s, the synthetic antiestrogen tamoxifen citrate has been shown to contribute to the control of human breast cancer in increasingly significant ways. While its mechanisms of action and pharmacology are incompletely understood, tamoxifen appears to act predominantly by blocking the action of estrogen by binding to the estrogen receptor. Clinical trials of tamoxifen for 1 to 2 years in primary breast cancer demonstrate consistent beneficial effects on disease-free survival, but only suggested beneficial effects on survival. Routine use of adjuvant tamoxifen for 5 years or more will depend on the results of ongoing large clinical trials of efficacy and detailed studies of unknown biological effects on other tissues.
Fabrication and Evaluation of Postcapillary Junctions Via Micro-Scale Molding for Use as Reactors and Flow Multiplexers in Capillary Electrokinetic Separations (1995)

Abstract A new method of micro-fabrication is developed and employed in the production of low dead volume junctions for two post capillary detection schemes. The application of the junction as a post capillary reactor for peroxyoxalate cheinifuminescence detection is presented. Approximate detection limits of 2.5 x 10-7 M and 9.1 x 10-7 M are reported for perylene and anthracene (respectively) with a response linear over 3 orders of magnitude. A novel post capillary flow multiplexer is reported which utilizes electroosmotic flow switching to divert bands into secondary channels for off-line detection. The effect of solvent composition and reservoir geometry on electroosmotic flow switching times is described.
Cytokines and fever (2004)

Cytokines are highly inducible, secreted proteins mediating intercellular communication in the nervous and immune system. Fever is the multiphasic response of elevation and decline of the body core temperature regulated by central thermoregulatory mechanisms localized in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus. The discovery that several proinflammatory cytokines act as endogenous pyrogens and that other cytokines can act as antipyretic agents provided a link between the immune and the central nervous systems and stimulated the study of the central actions of cytokines. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) as well as the antiinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) have been most investigated for their pyrogenic or antipyretic action. The experimental evidence demonstrating the role of these secreted proteins in modulating the fever response is as follows: 1) association between cytokine levels in serum and CSF and fever; 2) finding of the presence of cytokine receptors on various cell types in the brain and demonstration of the effects of pharmacological application of cytokines and of their neutralizing antibodies on the fever response; 3) fever studies on cytokine- and cytokine receptor- transgenic models. Studies on the peripheral and the central action of cytokines demonstrated that peripheral cytokines can communicate with the brain in several ways including stimulation of afferent neuronal pathways and induction of the synthesis of a non cytokine pyrogen, i.e. PGE2, in endothelial cells in the periphery and in the brain. Cytokines synthesized in the periphery may act by crossing the blood brain barrier and acting directly via neuronal cytokine receptors. The mechanisms that ultimately mediate the central action of cytokines and of LPS on the temperature-sensitive neurons in the preoptic hypothalamic region involved in thermoregulation, directly or via second mediators, remain to be fully elucidated.
Calibration Point for Electron Ionization MS / MS spectra measured with multiquadrupole mass spectrometers (1994)

A protocol for establishing standard instrument conditions for measurement of product ion MS/MS spectra from parent ions produced by electron ionization is presented. Within this protocol, the ion at m/z 231 (C5F9 (+)) from perfluorokerosene or perfluorotributylamine is selected as the parent ion and subjected to collision-induced dissociation. The relative intensities of product ions at m/z 69, 131, and 181 are monitored as a function of collision energy while keeping the target gas pressure constant within the range of 10(-4)-10(-6) torr (measured), or a beam attenuation of approximately 30-70%. The collision energy at which the ion intensities for product ions at m/z 69 and 181 are equal is defined as the calibration point at that collision gas pressure; the intensity of the ion at m/z 131 is very close to this value as well. Electron ionization MS/MS spectra taken at the calibration point using two different multiquadrupole instruments show good reproducibility for several test compounds. The high degree of similarity may aid in the establishment of a MS/MS spectral library.
Interactions Between Oscillatory Flow and Spasmic Coronary Artery: A FVM Study With Prescribed Moving Wall (1998)

Abstract A FVM (finite volume method) computational system has been developed to investigate the interactions between oscillatory flow and spasmic coronary artery with prescribed moving wall. Computational analyses of the unsteady blood flow induced by the interactions between moving wall and oscillatory flow are presented by using a self-developed, effective, FVM-based NS solver (Liu, 1997) with global conservation in a boundarey-fitted coordinate (BFC) system. Two extensive studies of the oscillatory flow induced by a flushing in/out indentation with fully developed flow at inlet (Poiseuille flow), and by a fixed asymmetric indentation with pulsatile inlet flow were conducted to investigate geometric and kinematics effects of the unsteady flow with the prescribed moving wall in blood vessel. The present study gives results concerning the variability of WSS (wall shear stress) both in space and in time, which enhances our understanding for the self-excited oscillations that develop when fluid flows through an externally compressed collapsible tube.
Fast and accurate low-dimensional reduction of biophysically detailed neuron models (2012)

Realistic modeling of neurons are quite successful in complementing traditional experimental techniques. However, their networks require a computational power beyond the capabilities of current supercomputers, and the methods used so far to reduce their complexity do not take into account the key features of the cells nor critical physiological properties. Here we introduce a new, automatic and fast method to map realistic neurons into equivalent reduced models running up to > 40 times faster while maintaining a very high accuracy of the membrane potential dynamics during synaptic inputs, and a direct link with experimental observables. The mapping of arbitrary sets of synaptic inputs, without additional fine tuning, would also allow the convenient and efficient implementation of a new generation of large-scale simulations of brain regions reproducing the biological variability observed in real neurons, with unprecedented advances to understand higher brain functions.
Principles of Communication (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Preparation Content Delivery Conclusion Summary References
INTRODUCTION TO THE MODERN THEORY OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS (Encyclopaedia of Mathematics and its Applications 54) (1997)

By Anatole Katok and Boris Hasselblatt: 802 pp., £60.00, isbn 0 521 34187 6 (Cambridge University Press, 1995).
β-Catenin Promotes Regulatory T-cell Responses in Tumors by Inducing Vitamin A Metabolism in Dendritic Cells (2015)

Tumors actively suppress antitumor immunity, creating formidable barriers to successful cancer immunotherapy. The molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-induced immune tolerance are largely unknown. In the present study, we show that dendritic cells (DC) in the tumor microenvironment acquire the ability to metabolize vitamin A to produce retinoic acid (RA), which drives regulatory T-cell responses and immune tolerance. Tolerogenic responses were dependent on induction of vitamin A-metabolizing enzymes via the β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) pathway in DCs. Consistent with this observation, DC-specific deletion of β-catenin in mice markedly reduced regulatory T-cell responses and delayed melanoma growth. Pharmacologic inhibition of either vitamin A-metabolizing enzymes or the β-catenin/TCF4 pathway in vivo had similar effects on tumor growth and regulatory T-cell responses. Hence, β-catenin/TCF4 signaling induces local regulatory DC and regulatory T-cell phenotypes via the RA pathway, identifying this pathway as an important target for anticancer immunotherapy.