gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Application of compactly supported wavelets to image compression</title> (1990)

Multilevel unitary wavelet transform methods for image compression are described. The sub-band decomposition preserves geometric image structure within each sub-band or level. This yields a multilevel image representation. The use of orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets to represent a discrete signal in 2 dimensions yields a localized representation of coefficient energy. Subsequent coding of the multiresolution representation is achieved through techniques such as scalar/vector quantization, hierarchical quantization, entropy coding, and non-linear prediction to achieve compression. Performance advantages over the Discrete Cosine Transform are discussed. These include reduction of errors and artifacts typical of Fourier-based spectral methods, such as frequency-domain quantization noise and the Gibbs phenomenon. The wavelet method also eliminates distortion arising from data blocking. The paper includes a quick review of past/present compression techniques, with special attention paid to the Haar transfOrm, the simplest wavelet transform, and conventional Fourier-based subband coding. Computational results are presented.
Dual-Gate Characteristics of Amorphous $ \hbox{InGaZnO}_{4}$ Thin-Film Transistors as Compared to Those of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film Transistors (2009)

We compare the mutual interactions between the top-and bottom-gate fields in a dual-gate structure for amorphous InGaZnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> (a-IGZO) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistors (TFTs). We find that a-IGZO TFTs show more significant mutual interactions than a-Si:H TFTs. By using a wide variety of a-IGZO TFTs with varying thicknesses of a-IGZO and gate-insulator layers, we have investigated, on the basis of a conventional fully depleted n-channel silicon-on-insulator model, the mechanism behind parallel shifts in transfer characteristics caused by negative top-gate voltages. Experimental results, even for relatively thick (over 150 nm) a-IGZO layers, are in good agreement with the fully depleted model. This fact may be related to the nonexistence of hole accumulation in a-IGZO, which is an intrinsic property of oxide semiconductors. In contrast, for the a-Si:H TFTs, there is a considerable discrepancy between the experimental results and the model. This discrepancy probably results from the limited penetration of band bending into the a-Si:H layer, as well as from the hole accumulation at the top interface. Such analysis of a-IGZO TFTs is of practical importance in device applications because many issues related to the fabrication and structure of a-IGZO TFTs may be resolved with a better understanding of dual-gate performance.
Fast response with magnetic amplifiers (1954)

FOR MANY years the use of magnetic amplifiers was confined to those applications where extreme reliability was required, but where speed of response was not particularly important. Under the pressure of greater reliability and weight-saving requirements in higher power installations, important advances have been made in magnetic amplifier circuitry and components to achieve higher gain-to-time-constant ratios. It was not until the work of R. A. Ramey,1 however, that attention was focussed on the fact that magnetic amplifiers could be made with extremely fast response (i.e., one-half cycle of the power frequency) more or less independently of the power gain.
Modeling the Effects of Vorinostat In Vivo Reveals both Transient and Delayed HIV Transcriptional Activation and Minimal Killing of Latently Infected Cells (2015)

Recent efforts to cure human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection have focused on developing latency reversing agents as a first step to eradicate the latent reservoir. The histone deacetylase inhibitor, vorinostat, has been shown to activate HIV RNA transcription in CD4+ T-cells and alter host cell gene transcription in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy. In order to understand how latently infected cells respond dynamically to vorinostat treatment and determine the impact of vorinostat on reservoir size in vivo, we have constructed viral dynamic models of latency that incorporate vorinostat treatment. We fitted these models to data collected from a recent clinical trial in which vorinostat was administered daily for 14 days to HIV-infected individuals on suppressive ART. The results show that HIV transcription is increased transiently during the first few hours or days of treatment and that there is a delay before a sustained increase of HIV transcription, whose duration varies among study participants and may depend on the long term impact of vorinostat on host gene expression. Parameter estimation suggests that in latently infected cells, HIV transcription induced by vorinostat occurs at lower levels than in productively infected cells. Furthermore, the estimated loss rate of transcriptionally induced cells remains close to baseline in most study participants, suggesting vorinostat treatment does not induce latently infected cell killing and thus reduce the latent reservoir in vivo.
A 1024-bit ECL RAM with 15-ns access time (1976)

DEVELOPMENT SAMPLES of a 1024-bit bipolar ECI, RAM have shown typical address access time of 15 ns at 400 mW dissipation. This access time is faster than the previously rcported 1K RAM access time of 25 ns'. Results were achieved by a combination of oxide isolation technology with N-epitaxy2 - OXIS - and improved ECL circuit design. Measurements agree well with calculations made using a fast transient analysis program.
Constituents of Cupuliferae, XVII: Triterpene Saponins and Falvonoids from <i>Quercus laurifolia</i> Michx. (1993)

Abstract In addition to fourteen known glycosides from leaves of Quercus laurifolia Michx., a new acylated triterpene soponin has been isolated and identified as 3‐ O ‐galloyl‐28‐β‐ D ‐glucopyranosyl diester of the 2α,3β,19α,23‐tetrahydroxyurs‐12‐ene‐28‐oic acid ( 1 ). The structure of the previously described α‐ D ‐glucopyranosyl ester of the 2α,3β,19α,23‐tetrahydroxyurs‐12‐ene‐28‐oic acid was revised to β‐ D ‐glucopyranosyl ester of the 2α,3β,19α,23‐tetrahydroxyurs‐12‐ene‐28‐oic acid ( 2 ).
Self-cloning in Streptomyces griseus of an str gene cluster for streptomycin biosynthesis and streptomycin resistance (1985)

An str gene cluster containing at least four genes (strR, strA, strB, and strC) involved in streptomycin biosynthesis or streptomycin resistance or both was self-cloned in Streptomyces griseus by using plasmid pOA154. The strA gene was verified to encode streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase, a streptomycin resistance factor in S. griseus, by examining the gene product expressed in Escherichia coli. The other three genes were determined by complementation tests with streptomycin-nonproducing mutants whose biochemical lesions were clearly identified. strR complemented streptomycin-sensitive mutant SM196 which exhibited impaired activity of both streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase and amidinotransferase (one of the streptomycin biosynthetic enzymes) due to a regulatory mutation; strB complemented strain SD141, which was specifically deficient in amidinotransferase; and strC complemented strain SD245, which was deficient in linkage between streptidine 6-phosphate and dihydrostreptose. By deletion analysis of plasmids with appropriate restriction endonucleases, the order of the four genes was determined to be strR-strA-strB-strC. Transformation of S. griseus with plasmids carrying both strR and strB genes enhanced amidinotransferase activity in the transformed cells. Based on the gene dosage effect and the biological characteristics of the mutants complemented by strR and strB, it was concluded that strB encodes amidinotransferase and strR encodes a positive effector required for the full expression of strA and strB genes. Furthermore, it was found that amplification of a specific 0.7-kilobase region of the cloned DNA on a plasmid inhibited streptomycin biosynthesis of the transformants. This DNA region might contain a regulatory apparatus that participates in the control of streptomycin biosynthesis.
Structure/Function Analysis of the Periplasmic Histidine-binding Protein (1995)

The periplasmic histidine-binding protein, HisJ, is a receptor for the histidine permease of Salmonella typhimurium. Receptors of this type are composed of two lobes that are far apart in the unliganded structure (open conformation) and drawn close together in the liganded structure (closed conformation). The binding of the ligand, in a cleft between the lobes, stabilizes the closed conformation. Such receptors have several functions in transport: interaction with the membrane-bound complex, transmission of a transmembrane signal to hydrolyze ATP, and receiving a signal to open the lobes and release the ligand. In this study the mechanism of action of HisJ was further investigated using mutant proteins defective in ligand binding activity and closed form-specific monoclonal antibodies (Wolf, A., Shaw, E. W., Nikaido, K., and Ames G. F.-L. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 23051-23058). Y14H is defective in stabilization of the closed form, does not assume the closed empty form, and assumes an altered closed liganded form. T121A and G119R are similar to Y14H, but assume a normal closed liganded form. S72P binds the ligand to the open form, but does not assume a recognizable closed form. S92F is defective in the ability to undergo conformational change and to stabilize the closed form. All other mutant proteins appear to fall within one of these four categories. The biochemical characterization of these mutant proteins agrees with the structural analysis of the protein. We suggest that mutant proteins that do not assume the normal closed form, in addition to their defect in ligand binding, fail to interact with the membrane-bound complex and/or to transmit transmembrane signals.
A week in the life of a comprehensive corporate medical department. (1987)

By expanding traditional services and instituting nontraditional ones, a property structured corporate medical department is practical and cost-effective for sites with as few as 250 employees. The Corporate Medical Director of Avtex Fibres, Inc. oversees a department serving several thousand employees and kept a diary for HCM to show how it works. Along with the Company's Health Care Manager, he describes Avtex's health care structure. In the next issue of HCM, they will detail management's philosophy, departmental costs, savings and money-making potential, and offer guidance to organizations interested in establishing or expanding their own medical departments.
Prostate-Specific Antigen, High-Molecular-Weight Cytokeratin (Clone 34βE12), and/or p63 (2006)

An optimal immunohistochemical panel to distinguish poorly differentiated prostate (PCa) from urothelial (UCa) carcinoma was selected from a panel consisting of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (HMWCK), clone 34betaE12, cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK20, p63, and alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase. The pilot group was composed of poorly differentiated UCa (n = 36) and PCa (n = 42). PSA and PAP stained 95% of PCa vs 0% and 11% of UCa cases, respectively. HMWCK and p63 stained 97% and 92% of UCa vs 2% and 0% of PCa cases respectively. CK7/CK20 coexpression was noted in 50% of UCa cases, whereas 86% of PCa cases were negative with both. A panel of PSA, HMWCK, and p63 was optimal for separating 95% PCa (PSA+/HMWCK and/or p63-) vs 97% UCa (PSA-/HMWCK and/or p63+). This panel was used on 26 diagnostically challenging cases and resolved 81% of cases as UCa vs PCa. The majority of PCa cases retain PSA. Negative PSA with positive HMWCK and/or p63 establishes a diagnosis of UCa.
Immune Response in Progressor and Regressor Strains of Chickens at Specific Intervals After a Primary Challenge with Rous Sarcoma Virus (1977)

A progressor line and a regressor line of chickens were compared for development of immune response, after an initial inoculation of Rous sarcoma virus in the wing-web. Quantitative measures of immunity were determined for the two contrasting lines of chickens at specific intervals after the initial challenge. It was found that subsequent challenges, with either Rous sarcoma virus or tumor homogenate, in the opposite wing-web were met by an early immune response from the regressor line. This early response was absent in the progressor line. However, both lines showed a similar immune response after a time interval of 15 days from the initial challenge. The genes for regression exert this early immune response which is the key to spontaneous regression of Rous sarcomas.
Identification of stage-specific sporozoite antigens of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> by monoclonal antibodies. (1984)

Stage-specific antigens of Toxoplasma gondii have not been reported. We developed a panel of monoclonal antibodies that identified unique surface membrane antigens on the sporozoite and oocyst wall of T. gondii. These monoclonal antibodies failed to react with T. gondii tachyzoite surface membrane antigens in several immunologic assays. A comparison of surface membrane radioiodinated tachyzoites and sporozoites by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis showed that T. gondii sporozoites have two major membrane proteins of approximate m.w. 67,000 and 25,000, not present in the tachyzoite stage. Two of the stage-specific monoclonal antibodies (2E4 and 5A4) were directed against the sporozoite 67,000 m.w. protein. In addition, T. gondii sporozoites are deficient in the major radioiodinated tachyzoite protein P30, which is identified by both human and mouse convalescent antitoxoplasma antisera. A convalescent antitoxoplasma serum failed to recognize sporozoite antigens by both immunoprecipitation and reaction with nitrocellulose transfer blots.
Identification of Medically Relevant <i>Nocardia</i> Species with an Abbreviated Battery of Tests (2002)

Identification of Nocardia to the species level is useful for predicting antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and defining the pathogenicity and geographic distribution of these organisms. We sought to develop an identification method which was accurate, timely, and employed tests which would be readily available in most clinical laboratories. We evaluated the API 20C AUX yeast identification system as well as several biochemical tests and Kirby-Bauer susceptibility patterns for the identification of 75 isolates encompassing the 8 medically relevant Nocardia species. There were few biochemical reactions that were sufficiently unique for species identification; of note, N. nova were positive for arylsulfatase, N. farcinica were positive for opacification of Middlebrook 7H11 agar, and N. brasiliensis and N. pseudobrasiliensis were the only species capable of liquefying gelatin. API 20C sugar assimilation patterns were unique for N. transvalensis, N. asteroides IV, and N. brevicatena. There was overlap among the assimilation patterns for the other species. Species-specific patterns of susceptibility to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and erythromycin were obtained for N. nova, N. farcinica, and N. brevicatena, while there was overlap among the susceptibility patterns for the other isolates. No single method could identify all Nocardia isolates to the species level; therefore, a combination of methods was necessary. An algorithm utilizing antibiotic susceptibility patterns, citrate utilization, acetamide utilization, and assimilation of inositol and adonitol accurately identified all isolates. The algorithm was expanded to include infrequent drug susceptibility patterns which have been reported in the literature but which were not seen in this study.
An Experimental Study on the Usage of Poisson’s Ratio as a Damage Index (2015)

Damage accumulation in uni-directional glass fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite manufactured with a stacking sequence of [90/0/0] s using vacuum infusion method is investigated by monitoring the change in Poisson’s ratio during quasi-static tension and quasi static cyclic tension test. During the tests, axial and transversal strains are recorded by utilizing extensometer and a strain gauge to compare the response of sensor types for the evolution of Poisson’s ratio.
Testosterone and erectile physiology (2006)

The role of testosterone deficiency in sexual dysfunction is an important aspect of aging, because it affects such a large proportion of men over 50 years old. A number of age-related factors can cause sexual dysfunction (in particular erectile dysfunction) and testosterone deficiency, such as chronic illness and multiple medications, and the causative link between hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction is still debated. However, studies in castrated animals have proven that addition of testosterone, and its conversion to dihydrotestosterone, can restore erectile function. It appears that testosterone achieves this by peripheral mechanisms (endothelial dependent and independent) and central mechanisms. Testosterone replacement therapy is therefore effective for erectile dysfunction in men with hypogonadism, with success rates of 35-40%. Testosterone supplementation is also important in men who fail on phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors, because a minimum plasma concentration of testosterone is required for the successful restoration of erectile function with these agents. Testosterone gels are now the preferred formulation for testosterone supplementation and they can be highly beneficial in a proportion of men with erectile dysfunction.
Synthesis of poly(N-acylurethane)s, a new class of polyurethanes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of poly(N-acylurethane)s, a new class of polyurethanesTakeshi Endo, Masami Kanamaru, and Toshikazu TakataCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 14, 3694–3697Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00092a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00092a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Growth of (111) oriented NiFe2O4 polycrystalline thin films on Pt (111) via sol-gel processing (2012)

Polycrystalline NiFe2O4 (NFO) thin films are grown on (111) platinized Si substrates via chemical solution processing. θ-2θ x-ray diffraction, x-ray pole figures and electron diffraction indicate that the NFO has a high degree of 〈111〉 uniaxial texture normal to the film plane. The texturing is initiated by nucleation of (111) planes at the Pt interface and is enhanced with decreasing film thickness. As the NFO magnetic easy-axis is 〈111〉, the out-of-plane magnetization exhibits improved Mr/Ms and coercivity with respect to randomly oriented films on silicon substrates. The out-of-plane Mr/Ms ratio for (111) textured NFO thin film is improved from 30% in 150 nm-thick films to above 70% in 50 nm-thick films. The improved out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy is comparable to epitaxial NFO films of comparable thickness deposited by pulsed laser deposition and sputtering.
Cigarette Ignition Performance (2001)

Two sample cigarettes (coded B and D) along with a control were tested according to the two cigarette ignition propensity test methods published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The primary test uses duck fabrics over polyurethane foam in a flat configuration, and the secondary test uses Whatman #2 filter paper. The three cigarettes were also tested on commercial upholstery fabrics in the flat and crevice configurations. Cigarettes B and D used 80 CORESTA cigarette paper with 5.5 mm and 6.5 mm wide bands, respectively. The control used 33 CORESTA paper with no bands. Cigarettes B and D produced significantly less ignitions than the control on duck fabrics and >90% self-extinguishment (SE) compared to 0% SE for the control on 10 layers of filter paper. However, the cigarettes with bands produced significantly more ignitions on duck fabrics #6 and #10 when smoldered horizontally vs. vertically (NIST proposed smoldering position) prior to placing on the mockup. On 25 commercial upholstery fabrics tested in a flat configuration, cigarettes B and D produced 5% fewer ignitions than the control, which was significantly different. However, on 22 commercial upholstery fabrics tested in the crevice configuration, B and D produced 4% or fewer ignitions than the control, which was not a significant difference. No significant differences were obtained in any test between cigarettes B and D, which used different band widths. A self-extinguishing cigarette on an arbitrary set of layered filter papers does not inherently translate to “fire-safe cigarette.”
Design of magnetically levitated 2D drive (2006)

Purpose The paper aims to introduces a design of a planar motor with six degrees of freedom (dof). Design/methodology/approach The paper provides a description of the model. Findings The paper finds that this planar motor is magnetically levitated in four dof and magnetically driven in the other two. In the design of the system, structural characteristics of all elements as well as magnetic forces done by magnetic actuators have been taken into account. The model was realized by means fem and then was simulated dynamically in developed Simulink model. The design of the system has been greatly influenced by the sensor system. Hall effect proves have been introduced in some parts of the system. Magnetic flux density, and its direction can be measured in different parts of the system. Originality/value The paper describes the design of a planar motor with six dof.