gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel highly integrated light guide plate using micro optical technique (2007)

An integrated light guide plate(LGP) using micro optical technique is presented in this paper. Micro-prisms are fused on the bottom surface which replace the plane reflective film at presented. By changing the bottom angles of micro-prisms, the relationship between the bottom angle and the direction of peak luminance is analyzed systematically. When the direction of peak luminance is concentrated on vertical angle(90°), the vertical direction luminance of LGP without structure on the top surface is already closed to the 3M backlight module. while in the LGP which fused the micro tapers with tiny concave on the top surface, the illuminance and the vertical direction luminance is about 2.28 times and 1.09 times compared to the 3M backlight module respectively. The result shows that the novel integrated micro optical LGP can substitute for 3M crossed prism films and accorded with the tendency of integration ,frivolity and high brightness in backlight system.
[Breast reconstruction by inflatable anatomical implant. Retrospective study of 65 cases]. (1999)

This study reports the first mammary reconstruction series with anatomic saline implants after mastectomy for breast cancer. 65 patients were reviewed with a 10-month follow-up. The authors used Mac Gahn anatomic saline implant style 468 or 363. The contralateral breast mammaplasty for symmetrisation was performed in 53 patients, usually during implantation of the implant. The nipple areola reconstruction was usually performed with full thickness' skin graft and Little's flap. The implants, (average volume of 275 ml before changing), were changed for 17 patients, because of insufficient reconstruction or an excessively high mammary fold. The most frequent complication was pain, despite morphine protocols (19 patients). These were a cases of 9 rippling; but only a small percentage of internal dimple (4 patients). Patient and surgeon satisfaction was rated (1-20) and classified into three levels. In conclusion, the advantages of anatomic saline implants are: to avoid some symmetrisations, reconstruction of a stable breast, to avoid internal dimple. The disadvantages are: persistent rippling, specific learning for their implantation and difficulty of the choice of size.
アンコン、シープ(進化趨異及遺傳) (1908)

Two molecular targeted drugs, sorafenib and sunitinib, were approved for treatment against advanced renal cell carcinoma in 2008 in Japan. These two drugs can be orally administered as different from interferon-alpha administered subcutaneously or interleukin-2 intravenously. In the near future, everolimus will also be approved in Japan. Moreover, other vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors will be up available. Molecular targeted drugs are associated with different adverse events from classical anticancer drugs. Control of adverse events is important to obtain maximum effectiveness of these molecular targeted drugs. Neoadjuvant therapy with these drugs for unresectable primary tumor or large tumor in solitary kidney may also be effective to complete nephrectomy or nephron spearing surgery. Treatment strategy for advanced renal cell carcinoma has been changing dramatically after introduction of these molecular targeted drugs.
Engineering Stem Cell Factor Ligands with Different c-Kit Agonistic Potencies (2020)

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are major players in signal transduction, regulating cellular activities in both normal regeneration and malignancy. Thus, many RTKs, c-Kit among them, play key roles in the function of both normal and neoplastic cells, and as such constitute attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. We thus sought to manipulate the self-association of stem cell factor (SCF), the cognate ligand of c-Kit, and hence its suboptimal affinity and activation potency for c-Kit. To this end, we used directed evolution to engineer SCF variants having different c-Kit activation potencies. Our yeast-displayed SCF mutant (SCF<sub>M</sub>) library screens identified altered dimerization potential and increased affinity for c-Kit by specific SCF-variants. We demonstrated the delicate balance between SCF homo-dimerization, c-Kit binding, and agonistic potencies by structural studies, in vitro binding assays and a functional angiogenesis assay. Importantly, our findings showed that a monomeric SCF variant exhibited superior agonistic potency vs. the wild-type SCF protein and vs. other high-affinity dimeric SCF variants. Our data showed that action of the monomeric ligands in binding to the RTK monomers and inducing receptor dimerization and hence activation was superior to that of the wild-type dimeric ligand, which has a higher affinity to RTK dimers but a lower activation potential. The findings of this study on the binding and c-Kit activation of engineered SCF variants thus provides insights into the structure-function dynamics of ligands and RTKs.
Proteomic analysis of outer membrane vesicles derived from <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2011)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human bacterial pathogen, constitutively secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) into the extracellular milieu. Although recent progress has revealed that OMVs are essential for pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa, their proteins have not been comprehensively analyzed so far. In this study, we identified 338 vesicular proteins with high confidence by five separate LC-MS/MS analyses. This global proteome profile provides a basis for future studies to elucidate the pathological functions of OMVs from P. aeruginosa.
Induction of lymphomas and fibrosarcomas in nude mice after implantation of simian virus 40-transformed human meningioma. (1988)

Human cells transformed by Simian virus 40 (SV40) usually show little or no tumor formation after implantation in nude mice. In long-term studies, however, we have observed that 127 to 366 days after subcutaneous injection of SV40-transformed human meningioma cells (KJ-M2-T) into nude mice (Nu/Cox), 6 of 15 animals developed lymphomas or fibrosarcomas, usually at the site of inoculation. The induced tumors were of murine origin and were positive for SV40-T antigen. Chromosome analysis and G11 staining revealed no evidence of hybridization between human and mouse cells. No spontaneous shedding of SV40 was noted with KJ-M2-T cells in vitro; however, SV40 could be rescued after fusion of KJ-M2-T with BS-C-1 monkey kidney cells, but not with L929 mouse fibroblasts. A parallel study using SV40-transformed human fetal brain cells failed to induce tumors in nude mice despite the demonstration that infectious SV40 could also be rescued from this line after fusion with BS-C-1 but not with L-929. Subcutaneous injection of 5 X 10(3) TCID's of SV40 (strain J436) into nude mice resulted in the induction of fibrosarcomas at the injection site in 6 of 15 mice after 273 to 396 days. The induction of malignant lymphomas after implantation of SV40 transformed cells contrasted with the development of fibrosarcomas after injection of free virus. This study suggests that after subcutaneous implantation into nude mice, some SV40-transformed human tumor cell lines can serve as vectors for transmitting SV40 to murine cells causing transformation and tumor development in the host animal.
A 2K×1K space switch ASIC for use in digital exchanges (2002)

This paper describes the design of a 2K/spl times/1K port space switch ASIC. The space switch ASIC can switch any time slot of the sixteen input PCMs to any of the eight output PCMs, both at 8.192 MbpS (obtained by bit interleaved multiplexing of four 30-channel CEPT standards PCMs). There are eight switching elements and RAM storage to store the switch control for 1K time-slots. It can interface directly with either Intel or Motorola microprocessors. The ASIC is designed and simulated in India. One micron double metal gate array technology is used for the ASIC fabrication.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Secure ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing (2002)

This article gives an overview of different approaches to provide security features to routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). It also describes Secure AODV (an extension to AODV that provides security features) giving a summary of its operation and talking about future enhancements to the protocol.
An MN9 Antigenic Molecule, Equatorin, Is Required for Successful Sperm-Oocyte Fusion in Mice1 (1998)

The acrosome plays an important role in fertilization. This study was designed to examine the role and behavior of a molecule, equatorin (the antigenic molecule of the monoclonal antibody mMN9), localized at the equatorial segment of the acrosome. In vitro fertilization (IVF) investigation was conducted to examine the role of this molecule, by assessing the effect of mMN9 in TYH medium (a modified Krebs Ringer bicarbonate solution) containing mMN9 at 0 (control), 25, 50, and 100 microg/ml. Under these conditions, the IVF investigation was divided into two experiments: 1) the zona pellucida (zona)-intact experiment, in which capacitated sperm inseminated cumulus- and zona-intact oocytes; and 2) the zona-free experiment, in which acrosome-reacted sperm inseminated zona-free oocytes. It was found that mMN9 did not affect sperm motility, zona binding, or zona penetration, but it significantly inhibited fertilization, reducing the rates of pronucleus and two-cell embryo formation in both the zona-intact and zona-free oocyte experiments. In addition, when judged at 5 h after insemination in the zona-intact experiment, nearly half of the unfertilized oocytes had accumulated sperm in the perivitelline space (perivitelline sperm), and concurrently we confirmed by electron microscopy the presence of many unreleased cortical granules preserved beneath the oolemma, indicating no occurrence of sperm-oocyte fusion. Confocal laser scanning light microscopy with indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated that equatorin was localized at the equatorial segment in both capacitated and perivitelline sperm (acrosome-reacted sperm). These results suggest that equatorin that is preserved at the equatorial segment is involved in the process of sperm-oocyte fusion in mice.
Ezrin links syndecan-2 to the cytoskeleton (2000)

The syndecan family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans is known to associate with the actin cytoskeleton, possibly transducing signals from the extracellular matrix. In the search for proteins that could mediate the association of syndecan-2 with the actin cytoskeleton we found that ezrin, a protein which links membrane receptors to the cytoskeleton, coimmunoprecipitated with syndecan-2 in COS-1 cells. In vitro assays indicated a direct association between the amino-terminal domain of ezrin and the cytoplasmic domain of syndecan-2. Confocal microscopy showed colocalization of ezrin and syndecan-2 in actin-rich microspikes in COS-1 cells. The syndecan-2/ezrin protein complex was resistant to 0.2% Triton X-100 extraction but the syndecan-2/amino-terminal domain of ezrin complex was not, which indicated that carboxi-terminal domain of ezrin is involved in the cytoskeleton anchorage of this protein complex. Additionally we observed that the activation of rhoA GTPase increased syndecan-2 insolubility in 0.2% Triton X-100 and syndecan-2/ezrin association. Taken together, these results indicate that ezrin connects syndecan-2 to the actin cytoskeleton.
The Effect of Topical Dexamethasone and Preoperative Beta Irradiation on a Model of Glaucoma Fistulizing Surgery in the Rabbit (1990)

We studied the effect of topical dexamethasone (1%) and preoperative beta irradiation on a model of glaucoma fistulizing surgery in the rabbit. Intraocular pressure and gross facility of aqueous outflow following surgery were not influenced by either treatment, although blebs persisted longer in the irradiated eyes. Steroids reduced clinically observable inflammation as well as the number of inflammatory cells identifiable by microscopy. Fibroblast production temporarily slowed, and ultra-structural examination demonstrated lipid-filled vacuoles and dilated mitochondria in these eyes. Also, the scar was thinner at 24 days. Beta irradiation delayed wound healing and the scar was thinner in the early postoperative stages, but the light microscopic appearance of the scar was unaltered at 59 days. Inflammation was more pronounced initially, with abundant fibrin in the wound. Recovery of the conjunctival epithelium was delayed. The delay in fibroblast recruitment and wound contraction, the thinner scar tissue, and the increased survival of the bleb are all factors that suggest that beta irradiation may be a useful adjunct to glaucoma surgery.
Multicomponent low molecular weight gelators (2014)

Low molecular weight gelators (LMWG) self-assemble in solution into one-dimensional objects such as fibres or tapes. The entanglement of these fibres or tapes results in the formation of a network and a gel. In general, LMWG are investigated as single component systems. However, there are significant potential opportunities from mixed LMWG systems, which are rarely investigated. Here, we discuss the potential of multicomponent systems, and critically discuss the challenges.
Experimental testing of electrocaloric cooling with transparent ferroelectric ceramic as a working body (1992)

Abstract A quasi regenerative diagram of electrocaloric refrigerator with transparent ferroelectric ceramic as working body is realized. Maximum difference on ends of the working block was equal to 5 K that is 5-6 times bigger than the change of body temperature. Main ways of an experimental model efficiency increase and prognosis parameters of the electrocaloric refrigerators are shown.
First Person Shooter Game. (2008)

3D game development is an exciting activity for many students.But getting a handle on 3D game development for novices may be a daunting task.We take this opportunity to present a quick introduction to 3D game development through a few tutorials.For the next few columns a set of tutorials for a 3D first person shooter game developed by graduate and undergraduate students under the guidance of a faculty member from the University of West Florida will be presented.These tutorials were developed with 3D game Studio by Conitec.To follow along, download the software from www.conitec.com.These tutorials include all elements of game development such as modeling and animation, lighting, collision detection, sound and scripting.Each tutorial will focus on one or more of these aspects.This week we start out with creating a room and adding some objects to the room.The instructions for this are presented below. CREATING PANELSStep 1: Create an "Intro Screen" 1. Open up a paint program 2. Set the dimensions to 1024x768 pixels 3. Design your intro screen as you feel lead -just remember to add the following:-Game's Name -
Detection of movement intention using EEG in a human-robot interaction environment (2015)

Introduction : This paper presents a detection method for upper limb movement intention as part of a brain-machine interface using EEG signals, whose final goal is to assist disabled or vulnerable people with activities of daily living. Methods EEG signals were recorded from six naïve healthy volunteers while performing a motor task. Every volunteer remained in an acoustically isolated recording room. The robot was placed in front of the volunteers such that it seemed to be a mirror of their right arm, emulating a Brain Machine Interface environment. The volunteers were seated in an armchair throughout the experiment, outside the reaching area of the robot to guarantee safety. Three conditions are studied: observation, execution, and imagery of right arm’s flexion and extension movements paced by an anthropomorphic manipulator robot. The detector of movement intention uses the spectral F test for discrimination of conditions and uses as feature the desynchronization patterns found on the volunteers. Using a detector provides an objective method to acknowledge for the occurrence of movement intention. Results When using four realizations of the task, detection rates ranging from 53 to 97% were found in five of the volunteers when the movement was executed, in three of them when the movement was imagined, and in two of them when the movement was observed. Conclusions Detection rates for movement observation raises the question of how the visual feedback may affect the performance of a working brain-machine interface, posing another challenge for the upcoming interface implementation. Future developments will focus on the improvement of feature extraction and detection accuracy for movement intention using EEG data.
A Novel Dendritic Cell-based Immunization Approach for the Induction of Durable Th1-polarized Anti-HER-2/neu Responses in Women With Early Breast Cancer (2011)

Twenty-seven patients with HER-2/neu overexpressing ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast were enrolled in a neoadjuvant immunization trial for safety and immunogenicity of DC1-polarized dendritic cells (DC1) pulsed with 6 HER-2/neu promiscuous major histocompatibility complex class II-binding peptides and 2 additional human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2.1 class I-binding peptides. DC1 were generated with interferon-γ and a special clinical-grade bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and administered directly into groin lymph nodes 4 times at weekly intervals before scheduled surgical resection of ductal carcinoma in situ. Patients were monitored for the induction of new or enhanced antipeptide reactivity by interferon-γ ELISPOT and enzyme-linked immunosorbentassays performed on Th cells obtained from peripheral blood or excised sentinel lymph nodes. Responses by cytotoxic T lymphocyte against HLA-A2.1-binding peptides were measured using peptide-pulsed T2 target cells or HER-2/neu-expressing or nonexpressing tumor cell lines. DC1 showed surface phenotype indistinct from "gold standard" inflammatory cocktail-activated DC, but displayed a number of distinguishing functional characteristics including the secretion of soluble factors and enhanced "killer DC" capacity against tumor cells in vitro. Postimmunization, we observed sensitization of Th cells to at least 1 class II peptide in 22 of 25 (88%; 95% exact confidence interval, 68.8%-97.5%) evaluable patients, whereas 11 of 13 (84.6%; 95% exact confidence interval, 64%-99.8%) HLA-A2.1 patients were successfully sensitized to class I peptides. Perhaps most importantly, anti-HER-2/neu peptide responses were observed up to 52-month postimmunization. These data show that even in the presence of early breast cancer such DC1 are potent inducers of durable type I-polarized immunity, suggesting potential clinical value for development of cancer immunotherapy.
In vitro investigation of pacemaker lead heating induced by magnetic resonance imaging: Role of implant geometry (2008)

The amount of MRI-induced lead tip heating depends strongly on implant geometry, particularly the lead area, exposed lead length, and position of the implant in the phantom. Critical lead tip heating was found for the longer leads. Therefore, to minimize MRI-induced lead tip heating, the PM lead should be as short as possible.
NMR structural studies of intramolecular (Y+)n.cntdot.(R+)n(Y-)n DNA triplexes in solution: imino and amino proton and nitrogen markers of G.cntdot.AT base triple formation (1991)

We reported previously on NMR studies of (Y+)n.(R+)n(Y-)n DNA triple helices containing one oligopurine strand (R)n and two oligopyrimidine strands (Y)n stabilized by T.AT and C+.GC base triples [de los Santos, C., Rosen, M., & Patel, D. J. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 7282-7289]. Recently, it has been established that guanosine can recognize a thymidine.adenosine base pair to form a G.TA triple in an otherwise (Y+)n.(R+)n(Y-)n triple-helix motif. [Griffin, L. C., & Dervan, P. B. (1989) Science 245, 967-971]. The present study extends the NMR research to the characterization of structural features of a 31-mer deoxyoligonucleotide that folds intramolecularly into a 7-mer (Y+)n.(R+)n(Y-)n triplex with the strands linked through two T5 loops and that contains a central G.TA triple flanked by T.AT triples. The G.TA triplex exhibits an unusually well resolved and narrow imino and amino exchangeable proton and nonexchangeable proton spectrum in H2O solution, pH 4.85, at 5 degrees C. We have assigned the imino protons of thymidine and amino protons of adenosine involved in Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen pairing in T.AT triples, as well as the guanosine imino and cytidine amino protons involved in Watson-Crick pairing and the protonated cytidine imino and amino protons involved in Hoogsteen pairing in C+.GC triples in the NOESY spectrum of the G.TA triplex. The NMR data are consistent with the proposed pairing alignment for the G.TA triple where the guanosine in an anti orientation pairs through a single hydrogen bond from one of its 2-amino protons to the 4-carbonyl group of thymidine in the Watson-Crick TA pair.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of Fleroxacin and Ciprofloxacin on the Formation of Human Mature Colonies of Healthy Donor versus Transplanted Hemopoietic Progenitor Cells (1991)

The effect of fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin on hemopoietic progenitor cells was tested in vitro. Cryopreserved bone marrow samples from 5 patients with acute myeloid leukemia who underwent bone marrow transplantation as well as samples from the respective donors were investigated in parallel. Regarding burst and/or colony formation by erythroid, neutrophil and macrophage precursors, no significant differences were detected with donor and transplanted bone marrows between control cultures and cultures containing 100 mg/l fleroxacin, while 100 mg/l ciprofloxacin inhibited cell proliferation completely. At 50 and 10 mg/l ciprofloxacin had a 50% and no inhibitory effect, respectively.
Retrieval-based Localization Based on Domain-invariant Feature Learning under Changing Environments (2019)

Visual localization is a crucial problem in mobile robotics and autonomous driving. One solution is to retrieve images with known pose from a database for the localization of query images. However, in environments with drastically varying conditions (e.g. illumination changes, seasons, occlusion, dynamic objects), retrieval-based localization is severely hampered and becomes a challenging problem. In this paper, a novel domain-invariant feature learning method (DIFL) is proposed based on ComboGAN, a multi-domain image translation network architecture. By introducing a feature consistency loss (FCL) between the encoded features of the original image and translated image in another domain, we are able to train the encoders to generate domain-invariant features in a self-supervised manner. To retrieve a target image from the database, the query image is first encoded using the encoder belonging to the query domain to obtain a domain-invariant feature vector. We then preform retrieval by selecting the database image with the most similar domain-invariant feature vector. We validate the proposed approach on the CMU-Seasons dataset, where we outperform state-of-the-art learning-based descriptors in retrieval-based localization for high and medium precision scenarios.