gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diels-Alder cycloadditions using electrophilic sulfonyl pyridones (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiels-Alder cycloadditions using electrophilic sulfonyl pyridonesGary H. Posner and Christopher SwitzerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 8, 1642–1644Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00384a061Request reuse permissionsArticle Views560Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (404 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Traffic sign detection based on convolutional neural networks (2013)

We propose an approach for traffic sign detection based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). We first transform the original image into the gray scale image by using support vector machines, then use convolutional neural networks with fixed and learnable layers for detection and recognition. The fixed layer can reduce the amount of interest areas to detect, and crop the boundaries very close to the borders of traffic signs. The learnable layers can increase the accuracy of detection significantly. Besides, we use bootstrap methods to improve the accuracy and avoid overfitting problem. In the German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark, we obtained competitive results, with an area under the precision-recall curve(AUC) of 99.73% in the category “Danger”, and an AUC of 97.62% in the category “Mandatory”.
Sputum cytological atypia as a predictor of incident lung cancer in a cohort of heavy smokers with airflow obstruction. (2003)

Individuals with cytological atypia in sputum may be at increased risk for lung cancer. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of the association between lung cancer incidence and cytological atypia in sputum samples collected prospectively from an ongoing cohort of adults at high risk for lung cancer. Cohort members had a smoking history of > or = 30 pack-years and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease documented by pulmonary airflow testing. Sputum samples collected at baseline and periodically thereafter were examined by standard cytological methods. From the cohort of 2,006 people, there were 83 incident lung cancers over 4,469 person-years of observation. At baseline, the association between personal and behavioral characteristics, and sputum cytological atypia was assessed by multiple logistic regression. The association between sputum cytological atypia and incident lung cancer was then assessed by hazard ratios using proportional hazards regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Cytological atypia graded as moderate or worse was associated with continuing cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-4.1), and with lower levels of intake of fruits and vegetables (P for trend = 0.04). Atypia was not associated with several other factors, including the degree of airflow obstruction, the use of vitamin supplements, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or metered-dose steroid inhalers. Incident lung cancer was increased among those with moderate or worse cytological atypia (adjusted hazards ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-5.5). This association was not confounded by other risk factors. We conclude that in this high-risk cohort, cytological atypia is associated with continuing smoking and low intake of fruits and vegetables, but that independent of these and other factors, the risk of incident lung cancer is increased among those with moderate or worse grades of cytological atypia in their sputum.
An infrared network for mobile computers (1993)

The PARCTAB infrared network provides a flexible infrastructure for research into wireless mobile computing. The network consists of a collection of room-sized cells each wired with a base station transceiver. Mobile computers communicate with transceivers through a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocol and act as terminals for applications executing on remote hosts. Each mobile computer is represented by a proxy, or agent, accessible to applications at a fixed network address. In the PARCTAB system it is the agent that is responsible for delivering requests to its corresponding mobile computer, and tracking the mobile as it moves from cell to cell. 1 Introduction Personal digital assistants (PDAs) perform the function of paper organizers with the added benefits of digital control. Like paper organizers, PDAs fit in the palm of the hand and can be carried with you throughout the day. However, the true advantage of PDAs are realized by communication with networks of more powerf...
ChemInform Abstract: 11β‐Nitrate Estrane Analogues: Potent Estrogens. (1990)

Abstract Estrane derivatives such as (I) react with ceric ammonium nitrate (II) to produce selectively the 9α‐hydroxy‐11β‐nitrates such as (III).
Keratinocyte outgrowth from human skin explant cultures is dependent upon p38 signaling (2003)

Organ culture of skin is known to recapitulate several early events in the process of wound healing. Here we investigate the function of p38 kinase signaling as a regulator of keratinocyte behavior in human skin organ culture. We first show that skin organ culture recapitulates the transition from migration to proliferation that is known to characterize the reepithelialization process. We next show that inhibition of p38 markedly impairs the formation of keratinocyte outgrowth in human skin explant cultures, as well as the migration of keratinocytes in an in vitro wound assay. In contrast, the marked induction of mRNA encoding the ErbB ligand heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor, known to occur after skin wounding, was not blocked by inhibition of p38. As assessed by immunoblotting, phosphorylation of p38 was limited and was not increased between 0 and 7 days of organ culture. Our results show the sensitivity of reepithelialization to inhibition by p38 and suggest that p38 acts primarily during the migration phase of this process. These data also indicate that autocrine heparin-binding epidermal growth factor expression is not regulated by p38.
An FPGA-based AES-CCM Crypto Core For IEEE 802.11i Architecture (2007)

The widespread adoption of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks has brought its security paradigm under active research. One of the important research areas in this field is the realization of fast and secure implementations of cryptographic algorithms. Under this work, such an implementation has been done for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) on fast, efficient and low power Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) whereby computational intensive cryptographic processes are offloaded from the main processor thus results in achieving highspeed secure wireless connectivity. The dedicated resources of Spartan-3 FPGAs have been effectively utilized to develop wider logic function which minimizes the critical paths by confining logic to single Configurable Logic Block (CLB), thus improving the performance, density and power consumption of the design. The resultant design consumes only 4 Block RAMs and 487 Slices to fit both AES cores and its key scheduling.
IQSM: An end-to-end IntServ QoS signaling mechanism for crypto-partitioned networks (2009)

In crypto-partitioned networks classified clear text enclaves (i.e., red enclaves) are interconnected over an enciphered unclassified transit network (i.e., black network) via IPSEC tunnels. Thus, packets are encrypted before they are allowed to cross from red networks to a shared black network. Currently, there is no solution that can provide efficient end-to-end IntServ QoS signaling across crypto-partitioned networks because routers within the black networks will not be able to identify and process the encrypted signaling messages. In this paper, we describe a new end-to-end IntServ QoS signaling mechanism that enables QoS provisioning for flows traversing crypto-partitioned networks. The new mechanism is scalable, self-configuring, provides accurate QoS provisioning and preserves IntServ signaling semantics.
Coordination Between Distributed Generation Stability and Undervoltage Protection Requirements at DG Interconnection Point (2009)

This paper describes the transient stability analysis of a 10 kV distribution network with wind generators, microturbines and CHP plants. The network being modeled in Matlab/Simulink takes into account detailed dynamic models of the generators. Fault simulations at various locations are investigated. For the studied cases, the critical clearing times are calculated. Some network parameters which influence transient stability are also observed. The ride-through capability of the DG units is studied through transient stability analysis and the equivalent CCT-voltage dip curves are derived. It is concluded that during fault, DG unit availability can be increased through modification of undervoltage protection requirements. I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, 'Distributed Generation' (DG) is gaining much more attention worldwide than ever as an alternative to large scale centralized generating stations. Over the last few years, a number of policy drivers such as economical (energy efficiency), environmental (reduction of gaseous emissions), political (competition) and technical (voltage support) have encouraged this increased interest in distributed generation schemes. The presence of the DG obviously impacts the power system operation. Therefore, the installation of DG sources raises new challenges and various studies have shown the negative DG impact on the host distribution networks.
NMR and IR Study of Fluorobenzene and Hexafluorobenzene Adsorbed on Alumina (2007)

The adsorption of fluorobenzene (C6H5F) and hexafluorobenzene (C6F6) onto the surface of neutral alumina is investigated by reflectance IR spectroscopy, near-IR spectroscopy, and measurement of 19F NMR chemical shift values. Chemical shifts are dependent on surface coverage and reveal multiple peaks where different adsorption environments occur. C6H5F appears to be adsorbed through polar interactions with surface hydroxyls, whereas C6F6 shows separate resonances for the first layer of coverage and outer layers. Available surface areas are estimated, and reorientation of adsorbed hexafluorobenzene is proposed to account for chemical shift behavior and differences between calculated and measured monolayer coverage.
First story detection in TDT is hard (2000)

Article Free Access Share on First story detection in TDT is hard Authors: James Allan Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MassachusettsView Profile , Victor Lavrenko Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MassachusettsView Profile , Hubert Jin MapQuest.Com, Inc., Mountvile, Pennsylvania MapQuest.Com, Inc., Mountvile, PennsylvaniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '00: Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Information and knowledge managementNovember 2000 Pages 374–381https://doi.org/10.1145/354756.354843Online:06 November 2000Publication History 97citation1,078DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations97Total Downloads1,078Last 12 Months24Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Serves as an Iron Source for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> during In Vivo Coculture (2005)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative opportunistic human pathogen often infecting the lungs of individuals with the heritable disease cystic fibrosis and the peritoneum of individuals undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Often these infections are not caused by colonization with P. aeruginosa alone but instead by a consortium of pathogenic bacteria. Little is known about growth and persistence of P. aeruginosa in vivo, and less is known about the impact of coinfecting bacteria on P. aeruginosa pathogenesis and physiology. In this study, a rat dialysis membrane peritoneal model was used to evaluate the in vivo transcriptome of P. aeruginosa in monoculture and in coculture with Staphylococcus aureus. Monoculture results indicate that approximately 5% of all P. aeruginosa genes are differentially regulated during growth in vivo compared to in vitro controls. Included in this analysis are genes important for iron acquisition and growth in low-oxygen environments. The presence of S. aureus caused decreased transcription of P. aeruginosa iron-regulated genes during in vivo coculture, indicating that the presence of S. aureus increases usable iron for P. aeruginosa in this environment. We propose a model where P. aeruginosa lyses S. aureus and uses released iron for growth in low-iron environments.
Selective low-power plasma decomposition of silane-methane mixtures for the preparation of methylated amorphous silicon (1988)

We report on a systematic study of the deposition and the physical properties of amorphous-silicon--carbon alloys produced by glow discharge from silane-methane mixtures. We define a ``low-power'' regime of preparation in which the chemistry of deposition is separated from the chemistry of the plasma. In this regime there is no primary decay of the methane, which then acts as a buffer gas. The carbon is incorporated in the solid only by reaction of the methane gas with the active species produced by the plasma decomposition of the silane. In this mode of preparation, we find the following. (1) The physical properties (in particular, the optical properties) are insensitive to the preparation conditions, depending mostly on the methane-to-silane ratio. (2) There is a smooth ``chemical'' incorporation of carbon in the amorphous silicon network, giving an alloy with good semiconducting properties. (3) The amount of carbon that can be incorporated is limited to less than 40 at. %, whereas in the high-power regime alloys can be produced with arbitrary [C]/[Si] proportions. (4) In the low-power regime the carbon is incorporated mostly in the form of methyl groups ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}$, so that the material produced in this condition should be labeled as ``methylated amorphous silicon.''
Photoacoustic spectroscopy. New tool for investigation of solids (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoacoustic spectroscopy. New tool for investigation of solidsA. RosencwaigCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 6, 592A–604aPublication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online21 September 2008Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60356a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60356a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1242Altmetric-Citations199LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Manual of macrophage methodology : collection, characterization, and function (1981)

Manual of macrophage methodology:collection,characterization,and function , Manual of macrophage methodology:collection,characterization,and function , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا
An Envelope Model of Phi Persei (1980)

Abstract Hynek’s (1940,1944) data on the radial velocity of φ Persei are reinterpreted under the assumption that the circumstellar envelope of the star is a gas ring in a stable periodic orbit of the restricted three-body problem. The masses of the primary and the secondary stars are deduced to be 20M◉ and 4M◉, respectively, with the separation of 1.42 AU. The effective gas ring with a radius of about 0.6 AU is also found to revolve around the primary B-type star in the orbital plane of the binary system.
PRIMAL: Pathfinding via Reinforcement and Imitation Multi-Agent Learning (2019)

Multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is an essential component of many large-scale, real-world robot deployments, from aerial swarms to warehouse automation. However, despite the community's continued efforts, most state-of-the-art MAPF planners still rely on centralized planning and scale poorly past a few hundred agents. Such planning approaches are maladapted to realworld deployments, where noise and uncertainty often require paths be recomputed online, which is impossible when planning times are in seconds to minutes. We present PRIMAL, a novel framework for MAPF that combines reinforcement and imitation learning to teach fully decentralized policies, where agents reactively plan paths online in a partially observable world while exhibiting implicit coordination. This framework extends our previous work on distributed learning of collaborative policies by introducing demonstrations of an expert MAPF planner during training, as well as careful reward shaping and environment sampling. Once learned, the resulting policy can be copied onto any number of agents and naturally scales to different team sizes and world dimensions. We present results on randomized worlds with up to 1024 agents and compare success rates against state-of-the-art MAPF planners. Finally, we experimentally validate the learned policies in a hybrid simulation of a factory mockup, involving both real world and simulated robots.
Neurobiology of depression: an integrated view of key findings (2007)

Major depressive disorder is an illness with significant neurobiological consequences involving structural, functional and molecular alterations in several areas of the brain. Antidepressant pharmacotherapy is associated with restoration of the underlying physiology. Clinicians are advised to intervene with MDD using an early, comprehensive treatment approach that has remission as the goal.
Casual constraints on the active control of sound (2005)

The problem is addressed of evaluating the maximum net reduction in acoustic power output produced by introducing a single point monopole secondary source to control the sound field radiated by a single point monopole primary source in a free field. The secondary source is constrained to act causally with respect to the primary source. The problem reduces to solving a Wiener-Hopf integral equation for the optimal realisable impulse response relating the secondary and primary source outputs. A solution is given which has a well-defined physical significance and demonstrates the need for the secondary source to act as a predictor in order that destructive interference of the primary field is possible at field points closer to the primary source than the secondary source.
Cast Permanent Magnets of Cobalt, Copper, and Cerium: Process and Performance Characteristics (1971)

A process for casting magnets of the cobalt, copper, rare-earth type weighing as much as several pounds has been developed. The characteristics of the alloys are highly reproducible between castings. The uniformity of performance within a casting is excellent. The residual induction of a typical cerium alloy casting is 5600 G. The coercive force is 4800 Oe. The variation of induction with temperature in the region of a load line of 2, is 0.08%/°C from room temperature to 100°C.
Muscle weakness correlates with muscle atrophy and precedes the development of inclusion body or rimmed vacuoles in the mouse model of DMRV/hIBM (2008)

Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV), also called hereditary inclusion body myopathy (hIBM), is characterized clinically by weakness and atrophy that initially involves the distal muscles and pathologically by the presence of rimmed vacuoles (RVs) or intracellular protein deposits in myofibers. It is caused by mutations in the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE) gene that is important in sialic acid synthesis. Recently, we generated a mouse model (Gne(-/-)hGNED176VTg) that exhibits muscle weakness and pathological changes similar to DMRV patients. To gain better understanding of the pathomechanism of DMRV, we determined temporal changes in the overall motor performance of this model mouse for DMRV in correlation with the structure and function of isolated skeletal muscles and muscle pathology. These DMRV mice exhibited muscle weakness, decreased whole muscle mass and cross-sectional area (CSA), and reduced contractile power in an age-related manner. Single-fiber CSA further supported the finding of muscle atrophy that involved both type I and type II fibers. These results suggest that atrophy is highly correlated with reduced production of force at young age, both in vivo and ex vivo, thereby implicating the important role of atrophy in the pathomechanism of DMRV. In older age, and particularly in gastrocnemius muscles, RVs and intracellular inclusions were seen in type IIA fibers, further aggravating reduction of force and specific increase in twitch-tetanus ratio.
On the various manifestations of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in rodent models (1994)

Autoimmune (type 1) diabetes mellitus in mouse, rat, and humans shares several features, including T lymphocyte infiltration into pancreatic islets and a dependence on permissive class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles. We report here on an experimental model involving mice that express influenza hemagglutinin (HA) under the control of the insulin promoter and, at the same time, a transgenic class II MHC-restricted T cell receptor (TcR) specific for an HA peptide. These mice spontaneously develop islet infiltrates resembling those found in NOD mice and most animals become diabetic within 8 weeks of age. Because of the availability of a clonotypic TcR antibody, we can be confident that the Ins-HA transgene does not induce any measurable alterations in the vast majority of T cells with the transgenic TcR in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Continuous export of large numbers of HA-specific lymphocytes from the thymus was not required for the manifestation of the disease since mice thymectomized at 3 days after birth still developed the disease albeit with smaller infiltrates.