gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The swelling of wood in polar organic solvents (1973)

The effectiveness of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N-methyl pyrrolidone, and pyridine in swelling yellow birch, beech, white pine, and Douglas-fir was determined. Changes in the radial and tangential dimensions during simple immersion were followed until maximum swelling was obtained. The complete swelling behavior in cases of rapid swelling was found to be described by the hyperbolic formula: swelling at time t = equilibrium swelling -- b/time. b is the swelling resistance coefficient. For slower swelling, in the initial period the swelling is directly proportional to time, not to its square root. Birch was swollen the most by solvents, and pine the least, in relation to their densities. Beach and pine swelled the fastest, while Douglas-fir was most resistant. Dimethyl sulfoxide caused the greatest final swelling, but dimethylformamide swelled wood more rapidly. The latter solvent could be used with simple immersion, except with fir. To swell wood effectively with dimethyl sulfoxide would require a vacuum impregnation process.
Multilayers for x-ray optics (1985)

Soon after the discovery of x-rays and their property of constructive interference scattering (diffraction) by solids resulting from the ordered array of atoms forming the solids, it was proposed that man-made (synthetic) layered structures might extend the range of utility of this phenomena into spectral domains not accessible using naturally occurring crystalline materials. The synthesis of such layered materials has been of research interest since the 1920's and in the past decade processes for the formation of multilayer structures of quality sufficient for x-ray optic applications have been developed. In this talk, a short review of the history of this work is given first. The development of effec-tive synthesis processes is then considered and current approaches summarized. The current status of the field of multilayer x-ray optics is then discussed with emphasis on figured structures. Current limitations and the potential for both technological and scientific advances are then considered.
Mechanism and importance of post-translational regulation of nitrate reductase (2004)

In higher plants, nitrate reductase (NR) is inactivated by the phosphorylation of a conserved Ser residue and binding of 14-3-3 proteins in the presence of divalent cations or polyamines. A transgenic Nicotiana plumbaginifolia line (S521) has been constructed where the regulatory, conserved Ser 521 of tobacco NR (corresponding to Ser 534 in Arabidopsis) was mutated into Asp. This mutation resulted in the complete abolition of activation/inactivation in response to light/dark transitions or other treatments known to regulate the activation state of NR. Analysis of the transgenic plants showed that, under certain conditions, when whole plants or cut tissues are exposed to high nitrate supply, post-translational regulation is necessary to avoid nitrite accumulation. Abolition of the post-translational regulation of NR also results in an increased flux of nitric oxide from the leaves and roots. In view of the results obtained from examining the different transgenic N. plumbaginifolia lines, compartmentation of nitrate into an active metabolic pool and a large storage pool appears to be an important factor for regulating nitrate reduction. The complex regulation of nitrate reduction is likely to have evolved not only to optimize nitrogen assimilation, but also to prevent and control the formation of toxic, and possibly regulatory, products of NR activities. Phos phorylation of NR has previously been found to influence the degradation of NR in spinach leaves and Arabidopsis cell cultures. However, experiments with whole plants of N. plumbaginifolia, Arabidopsis, or squash are in favour of NR degradation being the same in light and darkness and independent of phosphorylation at the regulatory Ser.
The Synthesis of Some Quinoxaline Derivatives (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Some Quinoxaline DerivativesRobert L. Wear and Cliff S. HamiltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 7, 2893–2894Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01163a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01163a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficacy of Pregabalin in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (2005)

Pregabalin is a new anxiolytic that acts as a presynaptic inhibitor of the release of excessive levels of excitatory neurotransmitters by selectively binding to the alpha2-delta subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels. The current study evaluated the anxiolytic efficacy of BID versus TID dosing of pregabalin in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Outpatients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition generalized anxiety disorder and having baseline Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) total scores > or =20 were randomized to 6 weeks of double-blind treatment with pregabalin 200 mg/d (BID; N = 78), 400 mg/d (BID; N = 89), or 450 mg/d (TID; N = 88) or placebo (N = 86). Mean improvement in HAM-A total score at last observation carried forward end point was significantly greater on pregabalin 200 (P = 0.006), 400 (P = 0.001), and 450 mg/d (P = 0.005) compared with placebo. Pairwise comparisons of BID versus TID dosing found no difference in HAM-A change score at end point. All 3 pregabalin dosage groups showed significantly greater efficacy versus placebo at end point on the HAM-A psychic and somatic anxiety factor scores. Improvement on both factors was rapid: significance versus placebo was achieved as early as the first assessment at week 1, with > or =30% reduction in HAM-A severity and equal or greater improvement for every subsequent visit in > or =38% of patients in all 3 pregabalin dosage groups (P < or = 0.001). Pregabalin was well tolerated, and despite the fixed-dose study design, discontinuations caused by adverse events ranged from 9% to 13%--comparable with that observed with placebo (8%). This study demonstrates that pregabalin is an effective treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, with BID dosing showing similar efficacy and comparable tolerability with TID dosing.
Attenuated Virulence and Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus following Sublethal Exposure to Triclosan (2012)

Subeffective exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to the biocide triclosan can reportedly induce a small-colony variant (SCV) phenotype. S. aureus SCVs are characterized by low growth rates, reduced pigmentation, and lowered antimicrobial susceptibility. While they may exhibit enhanced intracellular survival, there are conflicting reports regarding their pathogenicity. The current study reports the characteristics of an SCV-like strain of S. aureus created by repeated passage on sublethal triclosan concentrations. S. aureus ATCC 6538 (the passage 0 [P0] strain) was serially exposed 10 times to concentration gradients of triclosan to generate strain P10. This strain was then further passaged 10 times on triclosan-free medium (designated strain ×10). The MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations of triclosan for P0, P10, and ×10 were determined, and growth rates in biofilm and planktonic cultures were measured. Hemolysin, DNase, and coagulase activities were measured, and virulence was determined using a Galleria mellonella pathogenicity model. Strain P10 exhibited decreased susceptibility to triclosan and characteristics of an SCV phenotype, including a considerably reduced growth rate and the formation of pinpoint colonies. However, this strain also had delayed coagulase production, had impaired hemolysis (P < 0.01), was defective in biofilm formation and DNase activity, and displayed significantly attenuated virulence. Colony size, hemolysis, coagulase activity, and virulence were only partially restored in strain ×10, whereas the planktonic growth rate was fully restored. However, ×10 was at least as defective in biofilm formation and DNase production as P10. These data suggest that although repeated exposure to triclosan may result in an SCV-like phenotype, this is not necessarily associated with increased virulence and adapted bacteria may exhibit other functional deficiencies.
Spectrophotometric determination of nitrate in vegetables using phenol (2006)

A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrate in vegetables is described. The method is based on the measurement of the absorbance of yellow sodium nitrophenoxide formed via the reaction of phenol with the vegetable-based nitrate in presence of sulphuric acid. The analytical concentration of the acid has marked effect on the nitrate determined. The colour development was rapid and remained stable overnight. Analysis of six vegetable samples containing nitrate gave satisfactory mean recoveries of 76 to 123% in 18 determinations. The proposed method is reproducible and sensitive to lower level concentrations. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Vol. 10(1) 2006: 79-82
Recording, Retrieval and Review of Medical Data by Physician-Computer Interaction (1970)

Abstract A computer-based medical-record system depending on a dialogue between the physician and a computer-controlled display screen has been designed to enter progress notes. A limited vocabulary in a structured format is used. Flexibility is provided in that the user can branch selectively to particular topics, or make comments by keyboard or dictation. Notes entered into this system in a hypertension clinic have been more legible, better organized and more complete than those formerly recorded. Notes comparable in size to those written by hand have been generated more rapidly, and physician acceptance has been high. Automated production of summaries, selective review of a patient's problems and research retrieval capabilities are features of this system. Development of subject matter, physician training, administrative and technologic requirements, and economic factors must be considered when full-scale computer-based medical-record systems are designed.
The Primary Structure of Rat Platelet Phospholipase A21 (1988)

In our previous report (Hayakawa, M., Kudo, I., Tomita, M., & Inoue, K. (1988) J. Biochem. 103, 263-266), we have shown that phospholipases A2 purified from rat platelet membrane fractions and an extracellular medium of thrombin-stimulated rat platelets were essentially identical to each other. Both purified enzymes were digested with proteases, and the resulting peptides were subjected to primary sequence determination. The sequence analysis of the HPLC-separated peptides and the alignment of the sequences showed a tentative primary structure of rat platelet phospholipase A2, which was composed of 125 amino acid residues. It showed 47% homology with snake venom Agkistrodon halys blomhoffii phospholipase A2.
MIMO Radar and Communications Spectrum Sharing: A Multiple-Access Perspective (2018)

In this paper, we investigate the joint multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar and communications system convergence problem and develop a joint radar-communications performance bound using the concept of estimation rate for radar system and data information rate for communications system. At the radar receiver, we propose a Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) strategy to estimate radar parameters and decode communications signal simultaneously. While, at the MIMO communications transmitter, we propose a spectrum sharing scheme and show that the optimal communications performance can be achieved through a spectral and spatial waterfilling algorithm. In the end, we show that the Multiple-Access (MAC) performance bound outperforms the result from the spectrally isolated MIMO radar-communications system.
The Relation Between Response to Hypotonic Stress and the <sup>51</sup>Cr Recovery In Vivo of Preserved Platelets (1974)

Platelet response to hypotonic stress can be used to estimate the 51 Cr recovery in vivo of liquid‐ and freeze‐preserved platelets. This simple in vitro test may prove helpful in determining and controlling the quality of preserved platelets. In our study, the response to hypotonic stress was not related to the 51 Cr T‐1/2 value of the preserved platelets, but was related to the number of irreversibly damaged platelets removed within two hours after transfusion.
The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase (2016)

We have counted the currently known, described and accepted number of plant species as ca 374,000, of which approximately 308,312 are vascular plants, with 295,383 flowering plants (angiosperms; monocots: 74,273; eudicots: 210,008). Global numbers of smaller plant groups are as follows: algae ca 44,000, liverworts ca 9,000, hornworts ca 225, mosses 12,700, lycopods 1,290, ferns 10,560 and gymnosperms 1,079. Phytotaxa is currently contributing more than a quarter of the ca 2000 species that are described every year, showing that it has become a major contributor to the dissemination of new species discovery. However, the rate of discovery is slowing down, due to reduction in financial and scientific support for fundamental natural history studies.
Investigation of Interworked IMS Architecture In Terms Of Traffic Security (2009)

IMS is the buzz word in today’s telecom industry and believed to be the strongest candidate for the next generation all IP networks. Since it converge the traditional cellular network and global internet, it inherits all the IP based network security issues and exposed to a verity of threats in term of access and traffic security. In this thesis we will elaborate the IMS security architecture in term of inter-domain traffic security and will propose a security model for IMS network domain security. IMS Network Domain Security/Internet Protocol NDS/IP is based on Security Gateways (SEGs) implemented at the edge of each IMS core. There are security associations maintained by SEGs between each communicating entity to ensure ESP protocol tunneled links. A detailed study is taken on SEGs structure, protocols and security parameters implemented. The authentication and encryption algorithms implemented on SEGs for source authentication and data confidentiality are studied in detail. The performance of all supported algorithms is analyzed and compared to propose suitable algorithms. IMS Security model is implemented in a network simulator called OPNET. Due to the technology limitations traffic generation between the two interworked IMS networks using IMS Security model can not be completely simulated. In this report I also tried to point out the known attributes and parameters that are not functional in OPNET preventing the traffic generation.
Expression of a streptococcal glucosyltransferase as a fusion to a solute-binding protein in Lactobacillus fermentum BR11 (2002)

BspA is a non-covalently anchored cystine-binding protein from Lactobacillus fermentum BR11.It has previously been used to present antigens derived from infectious organisms on the L. fermentum BR11 cell surface.In this study, the capacity of BspA to present a very large polypeptide was tested.A temperature sensitive plasmid was constructed that encodes a 175-kDa chimeric protein consisting of a fusion between BspA and an N-terminally truncated derivative of the Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 25975 glucosyltransferase GtfJ.This plasmid was introduced into the L. fermentum genome.Integrants were able to incorporate 20^40 nmol sucrose derived glucose into glucan per ml culture per optical density unit.The glucosyltransferase activity was external to the cytoplasmic membrane and bound to the cell.Unlike native BspA, the BspA^GtfJ fusion could not be removed from the cell by 5 M LiCl wash.
Colour therapy (2006)

Theatre nurse Kerrie Lines sees the benefits of art in hospital every day, especially for children
Physical Mapping of the Virion and the Prophage DNAs of a Temperate Lactobacillus phage oFSW (1984)

We analysed the physical structure of the DNA of phi FSW, which is a temperate phage of Lactobacillus casei S-1. A circular restriction map of the virion DNA has been constructed with three restriction endonucleases, BamHI, SalI and XhoI. Other data indicated that the phage genome was circularly permuted. In lysogens, the DNA of the prophage was found to be linearized at a specific site and integrated into a specific locus of the host genome, with the same orientation in each case, as evidenced by Southern filter hybridization. We compared the physical structure of phi FSW with its three virulent mutants. One of them had a restriction map indistinguishable from that of phi FSW and two of them contained host-derived DNA sequence(s) in a specific region of the phi FSW genome (V-region). The prophage integration site was mapped on a different segment of the phage genome to the V-region. Derivation of virulent mutants from phi FSW is discussed in relation to the physical structure of the phage genome.
38 GHz optical harmonic mixer for millimetre-waveradiowavesystems (1995)

The optical harmonic mixing capability of a high speed 1.5 µm DFB laser is demonstrated at 38 GHz. A 700 Mbit/s digital NPZ signal combined with a 9.5 GHz local oscillator modulates the laser and upconverts the frequency to 38 GHz. A bit error rate (BER) of 10-9 after IF amplification is obtained with –18 dBm at 700 Mbit/s for a received DC optical power of 0.6 dBm. The sensivity at 38 GHz for the carrier is –46.5 dBm.
Electrochemistry of Chemically Lithiated NaV3 O 8: A Positive Electrode Material for Use in Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries (1998)

Monoclinic NaV<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> was prepared via aqueous precipitation and subsequently chemically lithiated using butyllithium in hexane as lithiation reagent. The topochemical lithiation process leads to materials with variable lithium content depending on the lithiation reaction conditions. Up to 3 Li<sup>+</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup> could be inserted chemically in the lattice water-free NaV<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> and result in cleavage of the particles, which leads to highly dispersed materials. In contrast to the chemical insertion method, almost 3.5 Li<sup>+</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup> could be electrochemically inserted in NaV<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, corresponding to a specific charge of about 310 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>. About 2.5 Li<sup>+</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup> could be deinserted potentiodynamically in the potential range from 1.5 to 4.0 V vs Li/Li<sup>+</sup> from a chemically lithiated material with the composition Li<sub>3</sub>NaV<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>. This corresponds to a specific charge of about 215 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>. In galvanostatic cycling experiments, a specific charge of more than 200 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> could be demonstrated for 100 cycles using this electrode material. The specific charges obtained are independent of the applied specific current up to 50 mA g<sup>-1</sup> of the oxide. This behavior indicates that the sodium vanadate host material can support high lithium insertion and deinsertion rates, which make the chemically lithiated form an attractive candidate for lithium-containing positive electrode materials in high-power lithium-ion batteries.
Microbial characterization of the Mars Odyssey spacecraft and its encapsulation facility (2003)

Microbial characterization of the Mars Odyssey spacecraft and the Kennedy Space Center Spacecraft Assembly and Encapsulation Facility II (SAEF-II) was carried out by both culture-based and molecular methods. The most dominant cultivable microbes were species of Bacillus, with comamonads, microbacteria and actinomycetales also represented. Several spore-forming isolates were resistant to gamma-radiation, UV, H2O2 and desiccation, and one Acinetobacter radioresistens isolate and several Aureobasidium, isolated directly from the spacecraft, survived various conditions. Sequences arising in clone libraries were fairly consistent between the spacecraft and facility; predominant genera included Variovorax, Ralstonia and Aquaspirillum. This study improves our understanding of the microbial community structure, diversity and survival capabilities of microbes in an encapsulation facility and physically associated with colocated spacecraft.
BabyOS (2007)

In this paper, we present BabyOS, a compact educational kernel designed to facilitate the preliminary learning of operating systs. It is an in-mory syst running on real hardware, with a multi-phase project covering concurrency, scheduling, inter-process communication, mory management, and networking. Compared with other educational operating systs, BabyOS is a nontraditional project frame; an important distinction lies in that it reflects some design ideas in bedded operating systs. In this way, BabyOS provides a complentary approach to educational operating syst projects.
Synthetic Reactions Using Isoxazole Compounds (1979)

The activation of C-5 methyl group of 3.5-dimethylisoxazoles is discussed by MINDO/Z calculation and H-D exchange reaction.The regioselective substitution reaction of 5-methylisoxazoles with electrophiles such as alkyl halides, carbon dioxide, carbonyl compounds, Schiff bases, nitriles, nitrites and nitroso compounds,is reviewed.Also the conversions of resulting isoxazole derivatives to 0-diketones, enones and some heterocyclic compounds are reviewed.In 1891, Claisen had succeeded to synthesize the isoxazole compound, which was an unsaturated five membered ring compound containing oxygen and nitrogen atoms.1) Since then, many papers have been reported concerning to the isoxazole compounds.2)The spectral data of isoxazoles such as IR, UV and NMR are similar to those of furans, p y r i d i n e s and other azoles.From the microwave absorption spectral analysis, the structure of lsoxazole ring was confirmed to be a planar pentagon showing in Fig.By the study of the heat of oonbustion, the resonance energy of ..
The effect of growth temperature on the fatty acid composition of fungi in the order Mucorales (1969)

The fatty acid composition of the lipids of some newly isolated thermophilic and thermotolerant fungi in the Mucorales has been compared with that of some psychrophilic and mesophilic Mucor species. For each species the fatty acid composition varied with the age of the culture and the temperature at which it was grown. The optimum growth temperatures were found to be 40°–50° for the thermophilic and thermotolerant species, 20°–25° for the mesophiles, and 10°–20°forthepsychrophiles. The lipids of the mesophilic and psychrophilic fungi examined had similar degrees of unsaturation. At 28° the degree of unsaturation of the lipids of thermotolerant species was not significantly different from those of psychrophiles and mesophiles, but thermophilic species were significantly less unsaturated. At higher temperatures the degree of unsaturation of thermotolerant and thermophilic species fell, until at 48°, they had similar degrees of unsaturation.