gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EDUCOSM - personalized writable Web for learning communities (2004)

Many of the possibilities of Web-based education are still unexplored. It seems that novel ways of thinking about both learning and technology are needed to get beyond the limitations of the traditional classroom setting. In this paper we introduce EDUCOSM, which focusses on the possibilities of collaboration and the open-ended nature of the Web. Its main features include sharing and annotation of arbitrary Web-pages, and an adaptive desktop for accessing the evolving contents of the system. EDUCOSM has been used in a real Web-based course, and the experiences are discussed along with a description of the tool. Although the approach requires both the teacher and the students to rethink their roles, the feedback received so far has been encouraging.
Mass Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications (1984)

1. Mass Transfer Fundamentals. 2. Diffusion Coefficients. 3. Formulation of Mass Transfer Models. 4. Partial Differential Equations of Diffusion. 5. Mass Transfer Coefficients. 6. Convective Mass Transfer. 7. Phase Equilibrium. 8. Adsorption. 9. Binary Distillation. 10. Multicomponent Distillation. 11. Extraction. 12. Mass Transfer in Continuous Differential Contactors. 13. Design of Staged Columns. 14. Adsorption. Appendix A: Viscosity of Gases and Liquids. Appendix B: Equilibrium Data. Appendix C: Equilibrium K-Values. Appendix D: Enthalpy Data. Appendix E: Unit Conversion Factors and Constants.
Tetrandrine potently inhibits herpes simplex virus type-1-induced keratitis in BALB/c mice (1997)

This study investigated the effect of tetrandrine (TDR) on experimental herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) in mice. BALB/c mice were divided as follows: Group 1, untreated; Group 2, acyclovir (ACV)-treated from day 0 postinfection; Group 3, ACV-treated from day 7; Group 4, TDR-treated from day 0; and Group 5, TDR-treated from day 7. All mice were infected in the right cornea with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I. TDR 30 mg/kg and ACV 120 mg/kg were administered intraperitoneally daily. The mice were observed for 14 days postinfection. Clinical inflammatory reactions and ocular histopathology were analyzed. The herpes specific antibody response and the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response were studied. Of the 22 untreated mice, 16 developed HSK (incidence, 72.7%). TDR given from day 7 reduced the HSK incidence to 8.5% (p < 0.01); the incidence of HSK was 45.4% in mice treated with TDR from day 0 (p > 0.05). Systemic ACV given from day 0 inhibited HSK development (p < 0.01); ACV given from day 7 resulted in an HSK incidence of 50% (p > 0.05). The specific anti-HSV antibody response in the serum of mice treated with TDR or ACV either from day 0 or day 7 was significantly less than that of untreated mice (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively), and TDR treatment suppressed DTH responses to HSV (p < 0.05). Systemic TDR administered after HSV inoculation of the cornea significantly modulates murine HSK development at least partly by modifying the host immune/inflammatory response to the virus.
MYIASIS MALIGNA OF NOSE AND EARS IN CEYLON: Recommendation of a New Treatment (1954)

IT SHALL be the task of this paper to discuss myiasis maligna in Ceylon and to recommend a new treatment. There are only a few reports, as far as can be traced here, published about myiasis maligna. Keiser<sup>1</sup>wrote in 1948 about myiasis of the eye; Zumpt<sup>2</sup>wrote about myiasis in human beings and in animals in Africa in 1951; Galliard<sup>3</sup>gave a similar report about the conditions in Tonkin, Indochina; Wright and Patton<sup>4</sup>published from India some reports about infections with maggots caused as in our cases by Chrysomyia bezziana. It must be added that, on the continent, for centuries surgeons purposely infected wounds with maggots, because the maggots eat up the necrotic parts and clean the wounds. But on the continent the C. bezziana species is unknown. The C. bezziana species, which is mostly responsible for myiasis maligna, as I would like to call
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to the N-terminal Domain of λ Repressor (1989)

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with distinct regions of the N-terminal domain of the lambda repressor protein have been isolated. By comparing the affinities of these antibodies for mutant repressors with increased and decreased thermal stabilities, each of the antibodies can be shown to bind to epitopes accessible in the native conformation of the N-terminal domain. Experiments probing antibody binding to protein fragments, mutant variants, and peptides have also been used to define likely regions of contact between the antibodies and the N-terminal domain.
Surgical ablation of lone atrial fibrillation on the beating heart: the chaos continues (2010)

This editorial refers to ‘Feasibility and outcome of epicardial pulmonary vein isolation for lone atrial fibrillation using minimal invasive surgery and high intensity focused ultrasound’ by T.J. Klinkenberg et al., Europace 2009, 1624‐1631. This small case series from Dr Klinkenberg and colleagues 1 epitomizes the present challenges for the development of an effective minimally invasive surgical approach to lone atrial fibrillation. Over the last decade, a plethora of new ablation technology and new surgical approaches have been introduced. Despite thousands of clinical cases, we remain far from a standardized surgical approach. This has led to a wide variability in success rates obtained by different groups around the world and a great deal of confusion among both cardiologists and surgeons regarding the appropriate surgical treatment for a given patient.
BAND-CENTRIFUGATION OF MACROMOLECULES AND VIRUSES IN SELF-GENERATING DENSITY GRADIENTS (1963)

This communication presents a new method of carrying out sedimentation velocity experiments. A thin lamella of a solution of macromolecules is layered onto a denser miscible liquid in a rotating ultracentrifuge cell. The macromolecules then sediment through the liquid in a narrow concentration distribution, or band, which is observed photographically as a function of time. The density gradients necessary to stabilize the system against convection are generated during the experiment by the diffusion of small molecules between the lamella and the bulk solution, and in some cases by the sedimentation of the small molecules in the bulk solution. The inhomogeneities in the solvent are usually small enough to have no observable effect on the motion of the macromolecules. Sedimentation coefficients of macromolecules\nmay be evaluated from the motion of bands. Diffusion, hydrodynamic interactions, and chemical reactions affect the shapes of bands.
iTV handbook: technologies & standards (2004)

Interactive television (iTV) is an evolutionary merging of digital TV and the internet. iTV technology offers new powerful ways for consumers to interact with content and service providers. In Europe, iTV has gained significant traction during the turn of the century. For example, about 500,000 viewers signed up for SkyDigital's email service during 2000. In another example, Nickelodeon's "Watch Your Own Week" voting application was available to SkyDigital viewers during Oct 22-27 2001. While only 100,000 votes were anticipated for the whole week, this goal was reached within two days; a total of 578,000 votes were recorded for the week. Today, Europe counts tens of millions of iTV consumers.The iTV Handbook is a broad overview of the business and technical issues, and could be used as a textbook for an introductory technical course: it lays out the current thinking on commercially viable uses of iTV, surveys the related technical standards, and describes a broad range of technologies and the relationships among them. A whole chapter is devoted to the big picture of the iTV food chain, and another key chapter is devoted to a survey of media streaming methods. A "file system in the sky" is described which is the broadcasting equivalent of the network file system, and can be used to eliminate the notorious "hot spot" encountered when millions of receivers are trying to access a small set of pages. The book provides many rare insights into the nuts and bolts of the technologies being used. For example, the book presents part of the theoretical foundation for MP3 compression, and describes in detail many popular file formats used to deliver iTV content, including GIF, QuickTime, AVI, and ZIP.
Evaluation and optimization of nucleic acid extraction methods for the molecular analysis of bacterial communities associated with corroded carbon steel (2012)

Different DNA and RNA extraction approaches were evaluated and protocols optimized on in situ corrosion products from carbon steel in marine environments. Protocols adapted from the PowerSoil DNA/RNA Isolation methods resulted in the best nucleic acid (NA) extraction performances (ie combining high NA yield, quality, purity, representativeness of microbial community and processing time efficiency). The PowerSoil RNA Isolation Kit was the only method which resulted in amplifiable RNA of good quality (ie intact 16S/23S rRNA). Sample homogenization and hot chemical (SDS) cell lysis combined with mechanical (bead-beating) lysis in presence of a DNA competitor (skim milk) contributed to improving substantially (around 23 times) the DNA yield of the PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit. Apart from presenting NA extraction strategies for optimizing extraction parameters with corrosion samples from carbon steel, this study proposes DNA and RNA extraction procedures suited for comparative molecular analysis of total and active fractions of bacterial communities associated with carbon steel corrosion events, thereby contributing to improved MIC diagnosis and control.
p17 and p17-Containing <i>gag</i> Precursors of Input Human Immunodeficiency Virus Are Transported into the Nuclei of Infected Cells (1991)

Subcellular localization of input human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag proteins was determined in infected H9 and Jurkat tat cells. Infected cells were fractionated at intervals, and the proteins in cell fraction were identified by immunoblotting using pooled sera from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and monoclonal antibodies. Cycloheximide was added at 0 time to prove that the proteins detected were not nascent ones. Gag proteins p55, p41, p39 (in the most essential relative concentrations), and p17 were found in the cell nuclei for at least 4 h after infection. However, p24 was not found in the cell nuclei and was accumulated in the nuclear washing buffer. The data presented confirm the presence of karyotypic signal at the N terminus of p55 gag precursor. The potential role of nuclear localization of gag precursor is discussed.
Erratum: Apparatus for the study of macromolecular adsorption [Rev. Sci. Instrum. <b>6</b> <b/>, 739 (1989)] (1990)

First Page
Beamlet pyramids: a new form of multiresolution analysis suited for extracting lines, curves, and objects from very noisy image data (2000)

We describe a multiscale pyramid of line segments and develop algorithms which exploit that pyramid to recover image features - lines, curves, and blobs - from very noisy data.
High conservation of the serum response factor within Metazoa: cDNA from the sponge Geodia cydonium (1997)

A cDNA clone encoding the sequence-specific DNA binding protein, serum response factor (SRF), has been isolated and analysed from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium. The 1443 bp long cDNA comprises an open reading frame of 1149bp, from which an aa sequence with a Mr 42,149 can be deduced. Sequence comparisons revealed that the aa sequence shares high homology to human and Xenopus laevis SRFs. Like these vertebrate sequences also the sponge sequence displays the MADS-box motif present in the DNA-binding domain. The SRF, and also other transcription factors, such as ternary complex factors, recognizes the serum response element (CArG box) in promoter regions of a series of cellular immediate-early genes, whose expression is controlled by growth factors. A related CArG box sequence is present in sponge gene, encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase. Expression of SRF is strongly regulated by temperature stress; after incubation of the sponge at high temperature, the 1.6 kb transcript of SRF is downregulated. It is suggested that the SRF is involved in the transcriptional regulatory circuits, which control the response of the animal to altered environmental conditions.
108-GHz GaInAs/InP p-i-n photodiodes with integrated bias tees and matched resistors (1993)

Connections to bulk bias tees and various mismatched loads degrade the usable frequency response of high-speed photodetectors. Monolithic integration of passive components to enhance the realizable performance of high-bandwidth, long-wavelength photodiodes is demonstrated. Circuits having bias tees and matched resistors integrated with 7- mu m*7- mu m photodiodes show usable electrical bandwidths exceeding 100 GHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Physical Properties of Dense Plasma Produced by XeCl Excimer Laser in High-Pressure Argon Gases (1999)

When XeCl excimer laser light was focused in high-pressure Ar gas up to 150 atm, a hot and dense plasma developed not only backward but also forward. The physical properties of the plasma produced by an ultraviolet laser in high-pressure gases have not been studied yet except for the mechanism involved in its development. Interferometric and spectroscopic measurements were carried out. Electron density was measured using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. When laser intensity was 2×10 11 W/cm 2 at the focal spot, electron density was proportional to the pressure and a fully ionized state was almost achieved up to 150 atm. Dense plasma with electron density of the order of 10 27 m -3 was obtained. Electron density was highest at the focal spot and the forward electron density was higher than the backward one. Electron temperature was estimated from continuous intensities. Electron temperature at the focal spot of the order of 10 5 K was obtained. The electron temperature distribution differed from the electron density distribution, in which the backward electron temperature was higher than the forward one.
Reduced Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Asymptomatic Subjects at Risk for Huntington's Disease (1987)

Symptomatic patients with Huntington's disease may have reduced glucose metabolism in the caudate nuclei. We used positron emission tomography and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose to study cerebral glucose metabolism in 95 subjects: 58 clinically asymptomatic (chorea-free) subjects at risk for Huntington's disease, 10 symptomatic patients with the disease, and 27 controls. All the symptomatic patients had marked reductions in caudate glucose metabolism. Despite a normal structural appearance on computed tomography, caudate glucose metabolism was bilaterally reduced in 31 percent of the subjects at risk (18 of 58). Using each at-risk subject's age and the sex of the affected parent, we averaged individual risk estimates for the development of Huntington's disease for this group and predicted that the probability of having the clinically unexpressed Huntington's disease gene should be 33.9 +/- 6.0 percent for the group. Thus, there was excellent agreement between the predicted percentage of carriers of the Huntington's disease gene (33.9 +/- 6.0 percent) and the percentage with metabolic abnormalities of the caudate nuclei (31 percent). These results indicate that the measurement of glucose metabolism may allow the observation of the pathophysiologic effects of the Huntington's disease gene during the natural development of the disease. It may also provide a direct means to monitor the response to experimental treatments during both the clinically asymptomatic and the symptomatic phases of the disorder.
Ion Exchange Chromatography of Proteins and Clearance of Aggregates (2009)

Clearance of product related aggregates in therapeutic proteins is a major focus of purification process development. A typical purification process will have one or two chromatographic steps that remove these product related aggregates to an acceptable level. Both cation exchange and anion exchange chromatography can provide robust clearance of aggregates. The primary factors that are critical for aggregate clearance are: resin chemistry, binding and elution condition, peak collection and column load factor. This review covers how these factors can be optimized to increase the effectiveness of ion exchange chromatography in removing aggregates.
A Processed Multidomain Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Adhesin Binds Fibronectin, Plasminogen, and Swine Respiratory Cilia (2010)

Porcine enzootic pneumonia is a chronic respiratory disease that affects swine. The etiological agent of the disease, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is a bacterium that adheres to cilia of the swine respiratory tract, resulting in loss of cilia and epithelial cell damage. A M. hyopneumoniae protein P116, encoded by mhp108, was investigated as a potential adhesin. Examination of P116 expression using proteomic analyses observed P116 as a full-length protein and also as fragments, ranging from 17 to 70 kDa in size. A variety of pathogenic bacterial species have been shown to bind the extracellular matrix component fibronectin as an adherence mechanism. M. hyopneumoniae cells were found to bind fibronectin in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. Surface plasmon resonance was used to show that a recombinant C-terminal domain of P116 bound fibronectin at physiologically relevant concentrations (K D 24 6 nM). Plasmin(ogen)-binding proteins are also expressed by many bacterial pathogens, facilitating extracellular matrix degradation. M. hyopneumoniae cells were found to also bind plasminogen in a dose-dependent and saturable manner; the C-terminal domain of P116 binds to plasminogen (K D 44 5 nM). Plasminogen binding was abolished when the C-terminal lysine of P116 was deleted, implicating this residue as part of the plasminogen binding site. P116 fragments adhere to the PK15 porcine kidney epithelial-like cell line and swine respiratory cilia. Collectively these data suggest that P116 is an important adhesin and virulence factor of M. hyopneumoniae.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of New 3‐Hydroxyquinoline Alkaloid, Jineol and Its Ether Derivatives Using Directed ortho‐Lithiation of Chloroquinoline as the Key Step. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polymer–Ceramic Composites for Microwave Applications: Fabrication and Performance Assessment (2006)

We present a novel technique to fabricate conformal and pliable substrates for microwave applications including systems-on-package. The produced materials are fabricated by combining ceramic powders with polymers to generate a high-contrast substrate that is concurrently pliable (bendable). Several such polymer-ceramic substrates are fabricated and used to examine the performance of a patch antenna and a coupled line filter. This paper presents the substrate mixing method while measurements are given to evaluate the loss performance of the substrates. Overall, the fabricated composites lead to flexible substrates with a permittivity of up to epsiv <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> =20 and sufficiently low loss
Electrochemical Studies on Reduction of Solid Nb[sub 2]O[sub 5] in Molten CaCl[sub 2]-NaCl Eutectic (2005)

Cathodic processes during the electrodeoxidation of solid in thermally dried and pre-electrolyzed molten eutectic were studied at temperatures 850-950°C using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, respectively. In cyclic voltammograms at 850-950°C, several reduction peaks were clearly observed at the potentials at least 0.8 V vs less cathodic than those of the metals deposition from the eutectic melt, confirming the concept of cathodic oxygen ionization. The chronoamperometric studies showed that the cathodic processes at the potentials of 0.7-0.2 V vs always started with the oxygen ionization of the film on the surface of the electrode in the molten eutectic electrolyte, which was governed by the oxygen diffusion within the film toward the -electrolyte interface. The subsequent oxygen ionization of the oxides at the surface took place consecutively and/or simultaneously. Surface characterizations of the electrodes before and after the chronoamperometric measurements revealed that there existed a marked dependence of the morphologies, compositions, and phases on the imposed potential steps and that the calcium cations were intercalated electrochemically into the structure at the surface at relatively less cathodic potentials than that of the sodium deposition from the molten eutectic.
Electrical properties of a polymeric nanocomposite with in-situ synthesized nanoparticles (2009)

Nanocomposite electrical insulation materials (nano-dielectrics) have been the focus of dielectrics research for the last ten years. Different materials preparation (mixing) methods have been applied to fabricate novel nanocomposites with improved electrical insulation properties. In this contribution we describe a nanodielectric fabrication method where the base polymeric material is loaded with particles, which are synthesized "in-situ". This method has an advantage in dispersing nanoparticles over other nanocomposite processing methods, because the particles are synthesized in randomly distributed sites inside the polymer network. In this paper structural and electrical properties of nanocomposites of polyvinyl alcohol and titanium dioxide are presented.
Coresets forWeighted Facilities and Their Applications (2006)

We develop efficient (1 + epsiv)-approximation algorithms for generalized facility location problems. Such facilities are not restricted to being points in Ropf, and can represent more complex structures such as linear facilities (lines in Ropf <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sup> , j-dimensional flats), etc. We introduce coresets for weighted (point) facilities. These prove to be useful for such generalized facility location problems, and provide efficient algorithms for their construction. Applications include: k-mean and k-median generalizations, i.e., find k lines that minimize the sum (or sum of squares) of the distances from each input point to its nearest line. Other applications are generalizations of linear regression problems to multiple regression lines, new SVD/PCA generalizations, and many more. The results significantly improve on previous work, which deals efficiently only with special cases. Open source code for the algorithms in this paper is also available
Multichannel transforms for signal/image processing (1996)

This paper presents a novel approach to the Fourier analysis of multichannel time series. Orthogonal matrix functions are introduced and are used in the definition of multichannel Fourier series of continuous-time periodic multichannel functions. Orthogonal transforms are proposed for discrete-time multichannel signals as well. It is proven that the orthogonal matrix functions are related to unitary transforms (e.g., discrete Hartley transform (DHT), Walsh-Hadamard transform), which are used for single-channel signal transformations. The discrete-time one-dimensional multichannel transforms proposed in this paper are related to two-dimensional single-channel transforms, notably to the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and to the DHT. Therefore, fast algorithms for their computation can be easily constructed. Simulations on the use of discrete multichannel transforms on color image compression have also been performed.