gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Acetic and Propionic Acids between Furfural and Water. (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDistribution of Acetic and Propionic Acids between Furfural and Water.E. L. Heric and R. M. RutledgeCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1960, 5, 3, 272–274Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60007a010https://doi.org/10.1021/je60007a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet (2017)

In dogs, diets are often used to modulate behavioral disturbances related to chronic anxiety and stress caused by intense and restless activity. However, the traditional ways to monitor behavioral changes in dogs are complicated and not efficient. In the current clinical evaluation, a new, simple monitoring system was used to assess the effectiveness of a specific diet in positively modulating the intense and restless activity of 24 dogs of different ages and breeds. This protocol describes how to easily and rapidly evaluate improvement in a set of symptoms related to generalized anxiety by using a specific sensor, a mobile phone app, a wireless router, and a computer. The results showed that dogs treated with specific diets showed significant improvement in the times spent active and at rest after 10 days (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). These dogs also showed an overall significant improvement in clinical and behavioral symptoms. A specific sensor, along with its related hardware, was demonstrated to successfully monitor behavioral changes relating to movement in dogs.
Properties of membranes from polyelectrolyte complexes consisting of methyl glycol chitosan, [2‐(diethylamino)ethyl]dextran, and poly(potassium vinyl sulfate) (1987)

Abstract Water‐insoluble polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) were prepared by mixing methyl glycol chitosan (MGC, 1 ) and [2‐(diethylamino)ethyl]dextran (EA, 2 ) with poly(potassium vinyl sulfate) (PVSK, 3 ) in aqueous solution at various hydrogen ion concentrations. Elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, and solubilities of PEC reveal that PEC differ in molecular structure and properties according to pH. It seems that the degree of dissociation and the conformation of MGC, EA, and PVSK change with pH. PEC membranes were made by casting from solutions of all kinds of PEC, and transport phenomena through the membrane of PEC prepared in 4 wt.‐% HCl solution were investigated under various conditions. The driving force of the transport depends on the membrance potential, Donnan potential, and diffusion potential, according to measurements of the transport ratio of Na + and the electric potential difference between the left‐ and right‐hand side of the membrane. Moreover, the permeability of K + is higher than that of Na + .
A new low dielectric constant planarization dielectric (2002)

A new methylsiloxane polymer has been synthesized for application as a spin-on dielectric in advanced IC fabrication. Films as thick as 3 microns have been fabricated on unpatterned silicon wafers and cured to 425 degrees C without cracking. The films are characterized by low dielectric constant
Aided versus embedded-a comparison of two approaches to GPS/INS integration (2002)

The performance of two major design options for GPS/INS integration are studied in this paper. The first is the embedded approach, in which the receiver card is an integral part of the system and GPS-information at the measurement level is directly integrated into the navigation processor. The second is the aided approach, in which GPS information is processed independently and the resulting position and velocity is used to update the INS after appropriate time intervals. To study the two design options, the same mathematical model is used to operate two different filters. For the embedded approach, a centralized Kalman filter is applied. In this case the INS and GPS error models define the common state vector. INS input is used to define the reference trajectory which is then updated by GPS pseudo-ranges and range rates. For the aided approach, a decentralized filter design is chosen. In this case, the state vectors for INS and GPS are defined and operated independently. At specified time intervals the derived GPS position and velocity is used to update the INS position and velocity. The time intervals are determined from the error spectra of both systems. Results of simulations for a land vehicle application show that for a variety of scenarios the two design approaches give about the same accuracy, i.e. the tighter integration of the embedded approach does not result in superior performance. Reasons for this somewhat surprising result are discussed in the paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Separation of Insulin Signaling into Distinct GLUT4 Translocation and Activation Steps (2004)

GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) plays a pivotal role in insulin-induced glucose uptake to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Here, we report that a cell-permeable phosphoinositide-binding peptide induced GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane without inhibiting IRAP (insulin-responsive aminopeptidase) endocytosis. However, unlike insulin treatment, the peptide treatment did not increase glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, indicating that GLUT4 translocation and activation are separate events. GLUT4 activation can occur at the plasma membrane, since insulin was able to increase glucose uptake with a shorter time lag when inactive GLUT4 was first translocated to the plasma membrane by pretreating the cells with this peptide. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activity failed to inhibit GLUT4 translocation by the peptide but did inhibit glucose uptake when insulin was added following peptide treatment. Insulin, but not the peptide, stimulated GLUT1 translocation. Surprisingly, the peptide pretreatment inhibited insulin-induced GLUT1 translocation, suggesting that the peptide treatment has both a stimulatory effect on GLUT4 translocation and an inhibitory effect on insulin-induced GLUT1 translocation. These results suggest that GLUT4 requires translocation to the plasma membrane, as well as activation at the plasma membrane, to initiate glucose uptake, and both of these steps normally require PI 3-kinase activation.
Prediction of regional goods demand incorporating the effect of weather (2016)

Precise prediction of the goods demand is an important element of the supply chain management because we can optimise the level of stock based on predicted demand. Demand of goods may vary influenced by numerous factors, including price elasticity and weather, which we focus in this paper. We analysed daily sales data of consumer goods collected from Point of Sale (POS) systems of Japanese retailers, mostly supermarkets, which consist of records of price and quantity sold for each item, spanning several years. Demand may change according to regional preferences, so we built prediction models for each region by estimating demand curve of each item by employing linear regression and neural networks. We show that there are regional differences of the demand itself and also regional differences of the effect of weather.
An instantaneous phase angle detection algorithm under unbalanced line voltage condition (2003)

If a negative sequence is generated by a voltage sag and/or unbalance, it appears as an oscillating error in a synchronous reference frame (SRF). In power conditioning equipment, an exact value of positive sequence is needed for achieving the desired goal of the system, e.g., unity power factor and constant output voltage, whereas the exact value of negative sequence is needed for compensation. To measure the positive sequence separately from the negative sequence, one uses normally a low pass filter having a narrow bandwidth. However, such a filter causes a lot of phase delay or measurement delay, thus the response time of the system tends to be lengthened. The authors propose a method of estimating the positive and the negative sequence voltages separately without a significant delay by utilizing the weighted least-squares estimation (WLSE) method having the covariance resetting technique. They demonstrate through simulation and experiment the superior performance of the proposed scheme in measuring the positive and the negative sequence voltages at the time of abrupt transition. This method can be applied to UPSs, PWM AC/DC converters, active filters, series voltage compensators, etc.
Implementation and initial deployment of a field instrument for measurement of OH and HO2 in the troposphere by laser-induced fluorescence (1997)

An instrument to detect atmospheric concentrations of the hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxyl (HO 2 ) radicals has been developed using the FAGE (fluorescence assay by gas expansion) technique. The instrument is housed in a mobile laboratory and monitors the OH radical via on-resonance laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy of the A 2 Σ + (v′=0)–X 2 Π i (v ″ =0) transition at ca. 308 nm. Ambient air is expanded through a 1 mm nozzle to low pressure where it is irradiated by the laser pulse at a repetition rate of 7 kHz, with the resultant fluorescence being detected by gated photon counting. HO 2 is monitored by chemical conversion to OH by the addition of NO, with subsequent detection using LIF. Following laboratory and field calibrations to characterise the instrument sensitivity, detection limits of 1.8×10 6 and 2.1×10 7 molecule cm -3 were determined for OH and HO 2 respectively, for a signal-to-noise ratio, S/N, of 1 with 150 s signal integration time. The instrument was deployed for the first time during the ACSOE field campaign at Mace Head, Eire, for which illustrative results are given.
A vision-based path planner/follower for an assistive robotics project (2007)

International audience
Synthesis of a series of 5-nitro-(benzimidazoles and indoles) as novel antimycotics and evaluation as genotoxins in the Ames test (1993)

Nitrobenzimidazole and nitroindole derivatives, related to oxiconazole and characterized by an oxyiminic function, have been synthesized as novel antimycotics and their mutagenic activity tested in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA98 with and without an exogenous metabolizing system. TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 strains were employed to identify a specific metabolic reaction which governs the mutagenic potency. Active compounds are weak direct-acting mutagens. Only derivatives bearing a nitro group on the phenyl ring linked to the oxyiminic function and lacking halogenated substituents show mutagenic activity. Metabolism by bacterial enzyme systems is important to the expression of genotoxicity. The reductive activation of nitrobenzimidazoles and nitroindoles carried out by the 'classical' nitroreductase of Salmonella, which is defective in TA98NR, is required of mutagenicity. Similarly, the O-acetyltransferase defective in TA98/1,8-DNP6 is required for the efficient production of the ultimate electrophilic nitrogen species, which react with DNA. The role of bacterial metabolism in mutation induction needs careful consideration to assess the potential risk to humans from nitrobenzimidazole and nitroindole antimycotics.
Off-Limits (2016)

The size of information spaces often exceeds the limits of even the largest displays. This makes navigating such spaces through on-screen interactions demanding. However, if users imagine the information space extending in a plane beyond the display's boundaries, they might be able to use the space beyond the display for input. This paper investigates Off-Limits, an interaction concept extending the input space of a large display into the space beyond the screen through the use of mid-air pointing. We develop and evaluate the concept through three empirical studies in one-dimensional space: First, we explore benefits and limitations of off-screen pointing compared to touch interaction and mid-air on-screen pointing; next, we assess users' accuracy in off-screen pointing to model the distance-to-screen vs. accuracy trade-off; and finally, we show how Off-Limits is further improved by applying that model to the naïve approach. Overall, we found that the final Off-Limits concept provides significant performance benefits over on-screen and touch pointing conditions.
Aqueous Photogeneration of H<sub>2</sub> with CdSe Nanocrystals and Nickel Catalysts: Electron Transfer Dynamics (2014)

CdSe quantum dots (QDs) and simple aqueous Ni(2+) salts in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor form a highly efficient, active, and robust system for photochemical reduction of protons to molecular hydrogen in water. Using ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, the electron transfer (ET) processes from the QDs to the Ni catalysts have been characterized. CdSe QDs transfer photoexcited electrons to a Ni-dihydrolipoic acid (Ni-DHLA) catalyst complex extremely fast and with high efficiency: the amplitude-weighted average ET lifetime is 69 ± 2 ps, and ∼90% of the ultrafast TA signal is assigned to ET processes. The impacts of Auger recombination, QD size and shelling on ET are also reported. These results help clarify the reasons for the exceptional photocatalytic H2 activity of the CdSe QD/Ni-DHLA system and suggest direction for further improvements of the system.
On-line measurement of equivalent parameters for harmonic frequencies of a power distribution system and load (1996)

A method is discussed for on-line measurements of parameters of a power distribution system and its associated load. Four parameters are measured: the complex impedances of the distribution system and the load for harmonic frequencies; the complex rms (crms) values J/sub n/ of the harmonics of the load current j and the crms values E/sub n/ of the harmonics of the distribution system voltage e. The measurements are performed on two states of the system before and after it is disturbed by either connecting to it a capacitor or a harmonic generating device. The results of physical measurements are compared with those calculated from a model.
Monoclonal antibodies to Kunjin and Kokobera viruses (1991)

Five monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) were produced to the envelope (E) protein of Kunjin (KUN) virus. Three of these were specific for the KUN/West Nile complex, and two reacted with epitopes that were common to the flavivirus family. These MoAb defined at least four distinct epitopes on the E protein of KUN virus. Eight MoAb were also produced to unidentified proteins of Kokobera (KOK) virus. Seven were specific for KOK, while the remaining antibody cross-reacted with Stratford virus and an unregistered flavivirus CS946. The application of these MoAb to arboviral surveillance is discussed.
Remanufacture of Turbine Blades by Laser Cladding, Machining and In-Process Scanning in a Single Machine (2012)

Remanufacturing is one of the most efficient ways of recycling worn parts because it consumes only a fraction of the energy, cost, and material required for new parts. Remanufacture of engineering components typically entails serial labor intensive and operator skill sensitive processes, often requiring parts to move between manufacturers and subcontractors. Unfortunately the logistics and quality assurance measures required for effective remanufacturing currently restrict its implementation primarily to high value components (e.g. turbine blades, blisks, etc.). This research reports progress toward an integrated production system which combines laser cladding, machining and in-process scanning in a single machine for flexible and lean remanufacturing.
Depletion of Anaphase-promoting Complex or Cyclosome (APC/C) Subunit Homolog APC1 or CDC27 of Trypanosoma brucei Arrests the Procyclic Form in Metaphase but the Bloodstream Form in Anaphase (2005)

The anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) is a multiprotein subunit E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that controls segregation of chromosomes and exit from mitosis in eukaryotes. It triggers elimination of key cell cycle regulators such as securin and mitotic cyclins during mitosis by polyubiquitinating them for proteasome degradation. Seven core subunit homologs of APC/C (APC1, APC2, APC11, CDC16, CDC23, CDC27, and DOC1) were identified in the Trypanosoma brucei genome data base. Expression of six of them was individually ablated by RNA interference in both the procyclic and bloodstream forms of T. brucei. Only the CDC27- and APC1-depleted cells were enriched in the G2/M phase with inhibited growth. Further studies indicated that T. brucei APC1 and CDC27 failed to complement the corresponding deletion mutants of budding yeast. However, their depletion from procyclic-form T. brucei enriched cells with two kinetoplasts and an enlarged nucleus possessing short metaphase-like mitotic spindles, suggesting that APC1 and CDC27 may play essential roles in promoting anaphase in the procyclic form. Their depletion from the bloodstream form, however, enriched cells with two kinetoplasts and two nuclei connected through a microtubule bundle, suggesting a late anaphase arrest. This is the first time functional APC/C subunit homologs were identified in T. brucei. The apparent differential activities of this putative APC/C in two distinct developmental stages suggest an unusual function. The apparent lack of functional involvement of some of the other individual structural subunit homologs of APC/C may indicate the structural uniqueness of T. brucei APC/C.
Spectrum Sharing in mmWave Cellular Networks via Cell Association, Coordination, and Beamforming (2016)

This paper investigates the extent to which spectrum sharing in millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks with multiple cellular operators is a viable alternative to traditional dedicated spectrum allocation. Specifically, we develop a general mathematical framework to characterize the performance gain that can be obtained when spectrum sharing is used, as a function of the underlying beamforming, operator coordination, bandwidth, and infrastructure sharing scenarios. The framework is based on joint beamforming and cell association optimization, with the objective of maximizing the long-term throughput of the users. Our asymptotic and non-asymptotic performance analyses reveal five key points: 1) spectrum sharing with light on-demand intra- and inter-operator coordination is feasible, especially at higher mmWave frequencies (for example, 73 GHz); 2) directional communications at the user equipment substantially alleviate the potential disadvantages of spectrum sharing (such as higher multiuser interference); 3) large numbers of antenna elements can reduce the need for coordination and simplify the implementation of spectrum sharing; 4) while inter-operator coordination can be neglected in the large-antenna regime, intra-operator coordination can still bring gains by balancing the network load; and 5) critical control signals among base stations, operators, and user equipment should be protected from the adverse effects of spectrum sharing, for example by means of exclusive resource allocation. The results of this paper, and their extensions obtained by relaxing some ideal assumptions, can provide important insights for future standardization and spectrum policy.
Hydrogen generation by the reaction of oxide-modified aluminum powders with tap water (2010)

For the first time, TiO<sub>2</sub> nanopowders were used as a modifier for the metal Al powders in the reaction with ordinary tap water to generate hydrogen at ambient temperature. The present study systematically investigated the effect of additives such as Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>, AlO(OH), α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CaO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, WO<sub>3</sub>, and four different TiO<sub>2</sub> ceramic powders on the promotion of hydrogen generation in the reaction of metal Al powders and tap water. Effect of mechanical ball-mixing was also evaluated. It was found that AlO(OH), CaO, α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>and TiO2 (P90) powders were very effective to facilitate the hydrogen production from the reaction of metal Al powders and tap water under ambient condition. TiO2 (P90) nanopowders exhibited a slightly better effect than those of α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>in the facilitation of hydrogen generation from water splitting. The generation of hydrogen from the reaction of modified Al powders and water was found to be dependent on the sizes of metal Al powders, the modifiers, the size of the modifiers, weight ratio of metal Al powders to the modifiers, and ball-milling durations. Further studies are required to fully understand the contradictory behaviors to the previously known mechanism.
AIP annual report 1952 (1953)

The American Institute of Physics attained and celebrated in 1951 its twentieth anniversary. It seemed appropriate for the 1951 annual report to review the status of physics in a more careful and comprehensive way than usual. By contrast, the present report—for 1952—can be devoted to present problems, looking toward a better future for physics rather than marking past accomplishments.
Rule induction for concept hierarchy alignment (2001)

To manage information like ontology, we usually use categorization with concept hierarchy. Such concept hierarchies are managed individual for each system due to the many differences in concept hierarchies. Consequently, it is difficult to reuse information in computer-based systems. Here, we propose a new concept alignment method for concept hierarchies as a solution to this problem, and construct a system to evaluate the performance of our method. The results of this experiment reveal that the proposed method can be used to induce appropriate align rules for concept hierarchies and classify information into appropriate categories within another concept hierarchy.
Blockade of transforming growth factor‐beta (TGFβ) signaling inhibits osteoblastic tumorigenesis by a novel human prostate cancer cell line (2011)

Our results for the first time indicate that blockade of TGFβ signaling in the PacMetUT1 model significantly inhibits osteoblastic bone formation and tumor incidence. Thus, TGFβ signaling pathway may be a viable target for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer-induced bone metastasis.
Multiple Bragg reflection monochromators for synchrotron x radiation (1974)

New designs of crystal spectrometers involving multiple Bragg reflections are described. Using synchrotron radiation from the National Institute Northern Accelerator (NINA) as a source, monochromatic X-ray intensities in the region of 1 AA are measured for two such devices made from perfect single crystals of silicon. The output intensity for one of these with an energy resolution of 5.6*10-5 is found to be 107 times greater than that obtained using a conventional 0.8 kV A bremsstrahlung source. Comparisons are made with other sources and applications are discussed.