gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stress splitting of the<i>EL</i>2 zero-phonon line: Need for reinterpretation of the main optical transition (1990)

The ${\mathit{T}}_{2}$ final state of the main optical transition of EL2 can couple to lattice distortions of a, \ensuremath{\epsilon}, and \ensuremath{\tau} symmetry. The stress splitting of the zero-phonon line (ZPL) observed by Kaminska et al. gives information about the strength of the coupling between the lattice and the ${\mathit{T}}_{2}$ final state. We have obtained that information and have shown that the lattice relaxation associated with the \ensuremath{\tau} mode used by Kaminska et al. to account for their results cannot be larger than about 70 meV, and is probably much closer to 45 meV. We find that the lattice relaxation associated with the \ensuremath{\epsilon} modes is negligible, and we estimate, from analysis of hydrostatic-pressure experiments, that the lattice relaxation associated with the a modes is about 90 meV. Thus, the separation of 140 meV between the peak in the optical absorption at 1.18 eV and the ZPL at 1.04 eV (a separation commonly taken to be due to lattice relaxation) can be accounted for. If this agreement is interpreted as strengthening the case that the ZPL and the peak in the optical absorption are related to each other by lattice relaxation, it exacerbates well-known problems in understanding the optical absorption. Among these problems are the intensity of the ZPL, the fact that it moves in a direction opposite to that of the main peak under hydrostatic pressure, and the fact that it rides up over the beginning of the main peak when hydrostatic pressure is applied. Our calculation does make it clear that there must be at least two local modes, one of a symmetry and the other of \ensuremath{\tau} symmetry, in addition to any of the perfect-crystal phonon modes usually considered. Although this potentially adds a new feature to the analysis, it does not by itself resolve the problems with the absorption. We discuss the role that ionization and recapture may play in resolving these problems and suggest an experiment that might clarify this issue.
Skin dose in longitudinal and transverse linac‐MRIs using Monte Carlo and realistic 3D MRI field models (2012)

For longitudinal linac-MR systems only a small increase in the entrance skin dose is predicted, due to the rapid decay of the realistic magnetic fringe fields. For transverse linac-MR systems, changes to the entrance skin dose are small for most scenarios. For the same geometry, on the exit side a fairly large increase is observed for perpendicular beams, but significantly drops for large oblique angles of incidence. The observed effects on skin dose are not expected to limit the application of linac-MR systems in either the longitudinal or transverse configuration.
VIP21, a 21-kD membrane protein is an integral component of trans-Golgi-network-derived transport vesicles. (1992)

In simple epithelial cells, apical and basolateral proteins are sorted into separate vesicular carriers before delivery to the appropriate plasma membrane domains. To dissect the putative sorting machinery, we have solubilized Golgi-derived transport vesicles with the detergent CHAPS and shown that an apical marker, influenza haemagglutinin (HA), formed a large complex together with several integral membrane proteins. Remarkably, a similar set of CHAPS-insoluble proteins was found after solubilization of a total cellular membrane fraction. This allowed the cloning of a cDNA encoding one protein of this complex, VIP21 (Vesicular Integral-membrane Protein of 21 kD). The transiently expressed protein appeared on the Golgi-apparatus, the plasma membrane and vesicular structures. We propose that VIP21 is a component of the molecular machinery of vesicular transport.
Investigations in Unsupervised Back-of-the-Book Indexing (2007)

This paper discusses investigations in unsupervised back-of-the-book indexing.
Supervised Community Detection with Line Graph Neural Networks (2017)

Traditionally, community detection in graphs can be solved using spectral methods or posterior inference under probabilistic graphical models. Focusing on random graph families such as the stochastic block model, recent research has unified both approaches and identified both statistical and computational detection thresholds in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio. By recasting community detection as a node-wise classification problem on graphs, we can also study it from a learning perspective. We present a novel family of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for solving community detection problems in a supervised learning setting. We show that, in a data-driven manner and without access to the underlying generative models, they can match or even surpass the performance of the belief propagation algorithm on binary and multi-class stochastic block models, which is believed to reach the computational threshold. In particular, we propose to augment GNNs with the non-backtracking operator defined on the line graph of edge adjacencies. Our models also achieve good performance on real-world datasets. In addition, we perform the first analysis of the optimization landscape of training linear GNNs for community detection problems, demonstrating that under certain simplifications and assumptions, the loss values at local and global minima are not far apart.
Noninvasive Optical Imaging of Ovarian Metastases Using Cy5-labeled RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)<sub>4</sub> (2006)

Our group has developed a new molecular tool based on the use of a regioselectively addressable, functionalized template (RAFT) scaffold, where four cyclic (Arg-Gly-Asp) (cRGD) peptide motifs were grafted. The aim of this study was to determine whether RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 combined with optical imaging could allow noninvasive detection of deep ovarian metastases. Human ovarian adenocarcinoma IGROV1 cells expressing low levels of integrin alphaVbeta3 (the main receptor for the cRGD peptide) were used for in vitro and in vivo assays in combination with Cy5-labeled RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4, cRGD, or RAFT-c(-RbetaADfK-)4. In vivo fluorescence imaging was performed on subcutaneous (SC) tumors and intraperitoneal IGROV1 metastases in nude mice. The accumulation of RGD-Cy5 conjugates in cultured cells or in tumor tissues was examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 exhibited stronger staining in vitro, enhanced tumor-to-background ratio for sc tumors, and allowed early detection of 1- to 5-mm large intraabdominal nodules using noninvasive optical imaging. Histological study revealed that RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 accumulated into tumor neovasculature but also into tumor cells. Our data demonstrate that a Cy5-labeled RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 is an efficient optical probe for early and noninvasive tumor detection.
기초군사훈련이 심폐기능에 미치는 영향 (2000)

기초군사훈련이 심폐기능에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제9권 제2호, 347-354, 2000. 본 연구의 목적은 기초군사훈련이 사관생도의 심폐기능에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 있으며 연구대상은 H사관학교 신입생 20명(18.39±0.7세)을 대상으로 하였다.
본 연구의 실험은 5주간의 기초군사훈련 전후에 실시 하였으며 심폐기능 측정항목은 심박수, 혈압, 최대환기량, 최대산소섭취량 등이었으며 자전거에르고미터와 이동용 가스분석기를 이용하여 직접측정 방법으로 하였다. 자료분석은 종속 t검증을 실시하였으며 유의 수준은 0.05로 하였다.
본 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 안정시 심박수는 기초군사훈련 후 감소하였으며(p <.01), 운동중 최대심박수는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 둘째, 안정시 수축기혈압은 기초군사훈련 후 감소하였으며(p <.01), 이완기 혈압은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 세째, 최대환기량, 최대산소섭취량은 기초군사훈련 후 증가하였다(p <.01).
결론적으로 H사관학교의 기초군사훈련은 사관생도의 심폐기능 향상이라는 측면에서 효과적이라고 할 수 있다.
New sensors for ultrasound - Measuring temperature profiles (1970)

Ultrasonic measurement of temperature distribution in solid, liquid and gaseous media, using reflection and transmission techniques
Studies on the permeation of inorganic salts through plastic films (1998)

Permeation tests were carried out under several conditions for various metal ions, anions, temperatures and solvents. The study was designed as lag-time experiments where the amount of metal penetrating through the polymer was plotted against time. Diffusion and permeability coefficients were measured using the time-lag technique and by calculating the permeation rate. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify the amounts of metal ions. Permeation of inorganic salts through low density polyethylene (LDPE) showed a strong dependency on the solvent used. With water as solvent, no permeation was measurable even at 60 degrees C, while ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol gave increasing permeation. Small amounts of water in pure ethanol diminished the permeation rate considerably. Chloride salts led to the fastest diffusion, whereas bromide salts gave the highest permeation rate. Acetates and nitrates show virtually no permeation. In ethanol, copper chloride permeated faster than iron, zinc, cobalt, nickel or lithium chloride, and only tin chloride diffused faster than copper chloride. Reasons for the observed permeation behaviour are assumed to be the molecular size of an undissociated molecule, the degree of dissociation and the solvation in a solvent.
Athermal AWG Module with Extremely Low Temperature Dependence (&#x226A;+/-5pm) of Center Wavelength using Multi-compensating Plates (2006)

We successfully fabricated an athermal AWG module with an extremely low temperature dependence using multi-compensating plates. We realized an excellent performance in which the center wavelength shift was ≪+/-5pm from -30 to 70°C.
REST API Modeling Languages - A Developer's Perspective (2016)

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is generally used while developing enterprise software solutions. This provides flexibility to develop different business modules as services there by providing scalability and reliability. So application becomes loosely coupled. SOAP and REST are two famous approaches of web services. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is protocol while REST (Representational State Transfer) is architectural style in which services are accessed in form of Resources and generally deployed over web communicates through standard HTTP protocol. Modeling Languages are used to express knowledge/information about system that we are going to develop. For REST service Various Modeling languages / framework are present in REST API worlds. RAML, Swagger and API Blueprint are now a day widely used in development of REST APIs. The paper contains survey of existing modeling languages and guide for choosing best modeling language for REST API development.
Whole saliva dried on filter paper for diagnosis of HIV‐1 infection by detection of antibody IgG to HIV‐1 with ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay using recombinant reverse transcriptase as antigen (1996)

Whole saliva samples collected from HIV-1 seropositive subjects by simple spitting without using any devices were dried on filter paper strips, from which filter paper discs of 3-mm diameter were punched out. The eluates of the discs were subjected to the immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay for antibody IgG to HIV-1 using recombinant reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 as antigen and a two-site enzyme immunoassay for whole IgG. The signals for antibody IgG to HIV-1 and the amounts of whole IgG obtained with one disc per assay tube were 126–290% of those obtained with 1 μl of whole saliva samples, provided that filter paper strips were treated with nonspecific rabbit serum prior to drying whole saliva samples and that filter paper discs were tested within a few days after drying whole saliva samples. From these results, diagnosis of HIV-1 infection was indicated to be possible with whole saliva samples dried on filter papers, since the diagnosis was previously shown to be possible with 1 μl of whole saliva samples. The test for HIV-1 infection with whole saliva samples dried on filter papers was suggested to be useful for various purposes. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Flavone–Nitrogen Heterocycle Conjugate Formation by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions (2011)

Abstract Azomethine ylides generated in situ from the reaction of N ‐[2‐, 3‐ and 4‐(chromon‐2‐yl)phenyl]glycine and paraformaldehyde can be trapped with dipolarophiles in 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions to yield flavone–nitrogen heterocycle dyads. These azomethine ylides proved to be reactive with electron‐poor dipolarophiles, affording the expected adducts. The use of microwave irradiation as an alternative source of heating has significant advantages and allows a reduction of both reaction time and temperature. The use of benzaldehydes as dipolarophiles afforded flavone–oxazolidine dyads, and the results indicate that electron‐withdrawing groups in the para position of the benzaldehyde increases the dipolarophile reactivity. This work was also extended to the use of meso ‐tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin as a dipolarophile, allowing new flavone–dihydroporphyrin conjugates to be prepared.
Minimizing mobile phone disruption via smart profile management (2009)

In this paper, we describe the Smart Profile Management application that was designed to help minimize mobile phone disruptions. The system achieves the goal using a machine learning based algorithm that switches the phone profile automatically. A prototype was developed in Python for S60 and an informal usability test was run for a period of 7 days. Results show that a large proportion of profile suggestion changes were accepted by subjects, suggesting that such an application can in fact lower disruptions.
On grasp choice, grasp models, and the design of hands for manufacturing tasks (1989)

Current analytical models of grasping and manipulation with robotic hands contain simplifications and assumptions that limit their application to manufacturing environments. To evaluate these models, a study was undertaken of the grasps used by machinists in a small batch manufacturing operation. Based on the study, a taxonomy of grasps was constructed. An expert system was also developed to clarify the issues involved in human grasp choice. Comparisons of the grasp taxonomy, the expert system, and grasp-quality measures derived from the analytic models reveal that the analytic measures are useful for describing grasps in manufacturing tasks despite the limitations in the models. In addition, the grasp taxonomy provides insights for the design of versatile robotic hands for manufacturing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PACELP: a high quality and low complexity scheme for narrow band coding of speech (2002)

The paper proposes a new Pulse Adaptive Code-Excited Linear Predictive (PACELP) speech coding algorithm. The optimal excitation search procedures become simple when the pulse adaptive method is used in matching the codebook. The codebook of PACELP is obtained from Regular-Pulse Excitation sequences using a varying threshold clustering algorithm. The codebook efficiency is 4 times as much as the basic CELP codebook, and its dimensions are reduced from 40 to 10. Finally computer simulation results show that at 4.8 kb/s, PACELP can produce a clear and natural-sounding synthetic speech.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Introspective end-system modeling to optimize the transfer time of rate based protocols (2011)

The transmission capacity of today's high-speed networks is often greater than the capacity of an end-system (such as a server or a remote client) to consume the incoming data. The mismatch between the network and the end-system, which can be exacerbated by high end-system workloads, will result in incoming packets being dropped at different points in the packet receiving process. In particular, a packet may be dropped in the NIC, in the kernel ring buffer, and (for rate based protocols) in the socket buffer. To provide reliable data transfers, these losses require retransmissions, and if the loss rate is high enough result in longer download times. In this paper, we focus on UDP-like rate based transport protocols, and address the question of how best to estimate the rate at which the end-system can consume data which minimizes the overall transfer time of a file.
Model-based software health management for real-time systems (2011)

Complexity of software systems has reached the point where we need run-time mechanisms that can be used to provide fault management services. Testing and verification may not cover all possible scenarios that a system will encounter, hence a simpler, yet formally specified run-time monitoring, diagnosis, and fault mitigation architecture is needed to increase the software system's dependability. The approach described in this paper borrows concepts and principles from the field of “Systems Health Management” for complex systems and implements a two level health management strategy that can be applied through a model-based software development process. The Component-level Health Manager (CLHM) for software components provides a localized and limited functionality for managing the health of a component locally. It also reports to the higher-level System Health Manager (SHM) which manages the health of the overall system. SHM consists of a diagnosis engine that uses the timed fault propagation (TFPG) model based on the component assembly. It reasons about the anomalies reported by CLHM and hypothesizes about the possible fault sources. Thereafter, necessary system level mitigation action can be taken. System-level mitigation approaches are subject of on-going investigations and have not been included in this paper. We conclude the paper with case study and discussion.
Multiparty Conference Signalling using the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2002)

This paper introduces an extension of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for closed multiparty conferences. In a closed conference the identity of all conference participants is known by others and all participants have to be notified when a new user joins the conference. The extension expands SIP for the functionality for discovery of participant identities in a conference. Furthermore, it ensures that each conference participant is notified before a new participant joins. We also verify this extension by applying it to two SIP conference models -- conference with the conference server and full-mesh conference. A comparison of these conference models completes this paper.
Mastering the behavior of multi-core systems to match avionics requirements (2012)

This paper presents design principles of a predictable and efficient multi-core system to meet embedded computers requirements in avionics throughout a study of previous works and experimental analysis. Multi-core processors are commonplace for massive data processing and personal use. Much of such systems have a number of features whose primary purpose is to improve performance. These architectures are composed of black boxes when avionics requires white boxes to demonstrate that they can match avionics constraints. That's why we also propose an approach to manage bottlenecks in order to meet avionic requirements in terms of partitioning, performance and predictability (determinism).
William Caxton: writer and critic (1930)

Judging from repetitious appearances of her marital arms in the painted line-endings, the Psalter-Hours John Rylands Library Latin MS 117 probably belonged to Jeanne of Flanders (c.1272–1333), daughter of Count Robert III of Flanders and in 1288 second wife to Enguerrand IV of Coucy. Yet the line-endings also contain some 1,800 diminutive painted escutcheons, many of which refer to other members of the local nobility active during the 1280s. This study, based on an exhaustive survey of the total heraldic and codicological evidence, suggests that the majority of the extant Psalter predated the Hours and that the two parts were combined after the 1288 marriage. The ‘completed’ manuscript bears witness to major events that unfolded in and around the Coucy barony over the course of the decade. It suggests a complex relationship between Jeanne of Flanders and a lesser member of the local nobility, a certain Marien of Moÿ, who may have served as her attendant.
An online distributed protection algorithm in WDM networks (2002)

Failure protection and restoration is gaining significance as high capacity optical networks become increasingly ubiquitous. An important design issue that faces the network operator, lies in utilizing the wavelength sharing potential presented by non-concurrent failure events. In this study we propose a novel link metric and a set of routing algorithms that aim to maximally exploit these sharing opportunities. With the introduction of the light-weight aggregated link metrics termed "buckets", we provide guidance to construct the protection routes with minimal wavelength consumption. We show by simulations that our scheme significantly improves upon the baseline mechanism that lacks the proposed intelligence. We also extend the solution to a generic node-based approach, and show that further performance gain can be achieved by improving upon the way one applies our algorithms.
Nucleotide Sequence and Analysis of a Xylanase gene (xynS) from Alkali-tolerant Bacillus sp. YA-14 and Comparison with Other Xylanases (1993)

The nucleotide sequence of the xylanase gene (xynS) from alkali-tolerant Bacillus sp. YA.14 was determined and analyzed. A 639 base pairs open reading frame for xynS gene was observed and encoded for a protein of 213 amino acids with a molecular weight of 23, 339. S1 nuclease mapping showed that the transcription initiation site of the xynS gene did not exist in the cloned DNA. Ribosome binding site sequence with the free energy of -18.8 Kcal/mol was observed 8 base pairs upstream from the initiation codon, ATG. The proposed signal sequence consisted of 28 amino acids, of which 3 were basic amino acid residues and 21 were hydrophobic amino acid residues. When the amino acid sequences of xylanases were compared, Bacillus sp. YA-14 xylanase showed 48% homology with Bacillus sp. YC-335 xylanase and 96% homology with xylanases from B. subtilis and B. circulans.
A Selected Bibliography from Foreign Journals (1956)

Outstanding news in international journalism was the return by President Aramburu of Argentine's great newspaper, La Prensa, to its former owner, Dr. Alberto Gainza Paz, who planned to resume publication on January 26, the fifth anniversary of the confiscation of the paper by dictator Juan Peron. Great Britain saw several newspaper mergers, notably the purchase of three Glasgow papers by the Daily Mirror-Sunday Dispatch group. The Commonwealth Press Union conference in Melbourne, Australia, invited the free world to exchange information concerning threats to the freedom of the press. And the Indian parliament passed a bill that provides for a press registry to control the “commercial aspects” of the newspaper business.
Molecular rearrangements on chromosome 11q23 predominate in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia and are associated with specific biologic variables and poor outcome (1993)

Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants generally shows distinctive biologic features and has a poor prognosis. Cytogenetic studies indicate that many infant leukemias have chromosome 11q23 translocations. Because of these findings and the distinct clinical features of infant leukemia, we investigated 30 cases of infant ALL for molecular defects of 11q23. Fourteen cases had cytogenetic abnormalities of 11q23, and all of them showed 11q23 rearrangements at the molecular level. An additional seven cases also had 11q23 molecular rearrangements, including one with normal cytogenetic analysis. Molecular abnormalities of 11q23 were significantly correlated with adverse prognostic factors, including age under 6 months, hyperleukocytosis, CD10- phenotype, and early treatment failure. Molecular analysis identified a group of infants with germline 11q23 that had a very good treatment outcome with a projected event-free survival of 80% at median follow-up of 46 months compared to 15% in infants with rearranged 11q23 (P < .001). These findings suggest that a high proportion (70%) of infants with ALL have 11q23 rearrangements and that these rearrangements are not always detectable by cytogenetic analysis. The presence of germline 11q23 DNA may identify a subgroup of infant ALL patients with a good outcome using current therapy and a different etiology for their ALL.