gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trauma Systems, Trauma Centers, and Trauma Surgeons (1995)

I thank the membership for the distinct privilege of serving as your President; as a trauma surgeon, I can envision no greater honor. I am extremely grateful to the many individuals in this Association who have been mentors, professional colleagues, and personal friends, who have inspired, encouraged, and challenged me throughout my career. Time constraints preclude appropriate recognition of those to whom I am forever beholden, but I would like to acknowledge some uniquely special people. At a time when surgical residents complain there is a dearth of role models in trauma surgery, I realize my fortune to have had Dr. John H. Davis as a mentor for the last 23 years. Well known to you, Dr. Davis has made extraordinary contributions to trauma with exemplary fairness, integrity, generosity, and loyalty--to both profession and family. Indeed, as trauma surgeons we owe our families tremendous gratitude for their enduring support, encouragement, and understanding. Our discipline is singularly unpredictable, with family activities impolitely disrupted by untimely trauma that is emotionally as well as physically demanding. Hunter and Peter, thank you for your patience and tolerance of this frenzied lifestyle. Sarah, quite simply, without your unyielding devotion, trust, and counsel I would not stand here today.
A CMOS direct injection-locked oscillator topology as high-frequency low-power frequency divider (2004)

An injection-locked oscillator topology is presented, based on MOS switches directly coupled to the LC tank of well-known LC oscillators. The direct injection-locking scheme features wide locking ranges, a very low input capacitance, and highest frequency capability. The direct locking and the tradeoff between power consumption and tank quality factor is verified through three test circuits in 0.13-/spl mu/m standard CMOS, aiming at input frequency ranges of 50, 40, and 15 GHz. The 40- and 50-GHz dividers consume 3 mW with locking ranges of 80 MHz and 1.5 GHz. The 15-GHz divider consumes 23 mW and features a locking range of 2.8 GHz.
Tunable fibre-extended-cavity laser (1987)

A tunable fibre-extended-cavity laser is demonstrated consisting of an InGaAsP superluminescent diode, a single-mode fibre with an integral microlens and a variable-period diffraction grating coupled to the fibre. A tuning range of 450 Å has been observed, limited by the gain spectrum of the gain medium.
Cytokines in implantation. (2000)

Implantation is a process that involves development, attachment and invasion of the blastocyst into the endometrium. Successful implantation requires appropriate communication between the embryo and maternal endometrium. There is evidence to suggest that cytokines produced by the maternal endometrium and the developing embryo play a crucial role in this signalling process. Although numerous cytokine-receptor pairs are expressed by the maternal endometrium and the embryo during implantation, functional knowledge of these cytokines is limited. Compelling data demonstrating a functional role for cytokines in implantation comes from studies using specific cytokine and cytokine receptor knockout mice. There are limited similar data for human implantation, but clinical correlative data and studies using in vitro models indicate that cytokines may have an important functional role in this process. Cytokines that appear to have a functional role in mammalian implantation include leukaemia inhibitory factor, interleukin 1, hepatocyte growth factor, stem cell factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and insulin-like growth factors. As implantation failure is a significant cause of natural and in vitro fertilization pregnancy failure, a better understanding of the functional role of these cytokine-receptor pairs is important for improving the diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
Aspen-HYSYS Simulation of Natural Gas Processing Plant (2012)

In this time of energy crisis low production rate against the increasing demand of the gas production regularly hampers both the domestic and industrial operations since natural gas is the major power source of this country. Unless other power source is developed, natural gas is our only hope. Almost all the existing processing plants are now operating beyond their capacities. Nonetheless there has been a dwindling situation in the gas production. Besides political indecision regarding new establishment of gas plant and other power source have made the situation nothing but complicated. In such a case an idea of optimization of the gas processing plant will surely pave a way to a sustainable solution. This project has the intention to carry out the simulation of the Bakhrabad gas processing plant (at Sylhet) using the Aspen-HYSYS process simulator. The steady state simulation of the gas processing plant shall be performed based on both the design and physical property data of the plant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v26i1.10186 JCE 2011; 26(1): 62-65
Receptor occupancy and blocking of STAT5 signaling by an anti‐<scp>IL</scp>‐7 receptor α antibody in cynomolgus monkeys (2015)

The nonclinical receptor occupancy assay was developed and applied to detect free and total IL-7Rα on the surface of CD3+ T cells in cynomolgus monkeys treated with Ab1. The results showed good correlation with the phosphorylation of STAT5 and serum concentration of Ab1. The approach for IL-7Rα occupancy and pSTAT5 measurements established in monkeys can be utilized in clinical trials for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of Ab1 effect in humans.
Gold Clusters and Colloids in Alumina Nanotubes (1997)

Abstract The fabrication of a supported and insulated quantum wire would be of great interest, especially if electronic information could be accessed to determine charging and conductivity profiles. The feasibility of forming one‐dimensional configurations of ≈ 15 nm gold colloids and 1.4 nm gold clusters via template methods of synthesis has now been demonstrated. The template host material consisted of porous alumina membranes formed by an electrochemical anodic process. The pores of the membrane, and hence the parallel pore channels, were packed in a hexagonal array. Alumina membranes are excellent template materials because of their high degree of order, thermal and chemical stability, and optical clarity. Pore diameter was controlled by regulation of the applied anodic potential (ca. 1.4 nm V ‐1 ). The pore channels were filled by one of three methods: vacuum induction (colloids only), electrophoresis (clusters only), or immersion (clusters, which were then converted into colloids by heating). Rudimentary wires consisting of colloids and clusters were successfully formed. In both cases, the diameter of the pore channel exceeded that of the clusters or colloids. The wires thus formed conformed to the pore channel by forming helical secondary structures. It was not possible to form contiguous wires of clusters by immersion, or of colloids formed from clusters after heating. Composites (consisting of the gold‐alumina system) were a bright scarlet color with an absorption maximum (λ max ) at 519.5 nm. This is an unexpected result for spherical and small‐diameter (10 nm) gold colloids, which normally absorb at λ max 525–530 nm, a ruby‐red color. Possible causes of this small but remarkable blue shift are discussed below. A new Au 55 cluster ligand system consisting of a silsesquioxane‐derivatized thiol is also described.
Novice and Expert Performance of KeyScretch: A Gesture-Based Text Entry Method for Touch-Screens (2014)

KeyScretch is a text entry method for devices equipped with touch-screens, based on a menu-augmented soft keyboard. In these keyboards, a menu containing a small number of frequent characters is shown, while a key is pressed, allowing further character entry by menu selection. KeyScretch improves the previously studied menu-based methods by enabling the interpretation of compound strokes, which allow the input of text chunks longer than two characters. The performance of the method is analyzed on different kinds of touch-screens: First, we present a 25-session user study on a stylus-based device, showing that an instance of the method optimized for Italian can be learned in a reasonable time by the users and significantly outperforms the traditional method based on the tapping interaction. Then, we define and validate a model for predicting expert text entry rates on finger-based devices. The predicted rates for instances of KeyScretch optimized for different Western languages vary from about 44-50 words/min on the Qwerty layout, enabling improvements in the range of 30-49% as compared with the traditional method.
A 1.2V direct background digital tuned continuous-time bandpass sigma-delta modulator (2001)

A 1.2 V continuous-time bandpass sigma-delta modulator implemented in a conventional 1.5 µm CMOS process is presented. Low supply voltage is achieved using biased inverting opamp configuration technique. The modulator is tuned using a direct background digital tuning technique, which measures the noise spectral densities of the modulator output digitally during normal operation and adjusts the tuning code according to the measured spectral densities. No extra ADC or DAC are required. For a sampling rate of 4 MHz, the maximum SNDR after tuning was measured to be 44.6 dB and the power dissipation was 2.1 mW.
pEXPRESS: A family of expression vectors containing a single transcription unit active in prokaryotes, eukaryotes and in vitro (1991)

We have constructed a family of expression vectors containing a single transcription unit that is active in Escherichia coli, eukaryotic cells, and in coupled in vitro transcription-translation systems. These vectors use the Rous sarcoma virus-long terminal repeat (RSV-LTR) as the promoter/enhancer for eukaryotic cells. In vitro transcription is made possible by inclusion of a bacteriophage T7 promoter. This same promoter is actively transcribed in E. coli that produce T7 RNA polymerase. Other features of this transcription unit include a high-efficiency eukaryotic translation start codon, a phage f1 origin of DNA replication for site-directed mutagenesis and a three-frame stop codon that facilitates C-terminal deletion mutagenesis. We term this vector family, pEXPRESS.
Use of 1.5-μm Porous Ethyl-Bridged Hybrid Particles as a Stationary-Phase Support for Reversed-Phase Ultrahigh-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (2004)

A new ethyl-bridged hybrid packing material was evaluated in terms of its suitability for ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The 1.5-microm particles were obtained and packed into 30-microm-i.d. fused-silica capillary columns up to 50 cm in length. The particles were evaluated by isocratic reversed-phase UHPLC at pressures up to 4500 bar (65,000 psi). The chromatographic performance of these particles was found to be similar to the performance of 1.0-microm nonporous silica particles. The mechanical strength of the ethyl-bridged hybrid material was evaluated by running a 15-cm-long column at pressures up to 4500 bar. No breakdown of the particles in the packed bed was observed. The sample loading capacity of the hybrid material was evaluated and compared to 1.0-microm nonporous silica material by observing analyte peak width versus amount injected. The observed improvement in loading capacity for the hybrid material versus nonporous silica was consistent with the improvement predicted by comparing the phase ratios of the two materials.
A half-micron CMOS logic generation (1995)

During the early 1990s, half-micron lithography was demonstrated in 16Mb DRAM fabrication. Utilization of this capability for CMOS logic devices within IBM followed with a trio of programs, each with different performance, density, feature list, and schedule. The first version melded 3.3/3.6-V 16Mb DRAM MOSFET devices with an improved version of an existing dense, planar, reliable multilevel back-end-of-line (BEOL) metallization and wiring technology. Since it was built directly from existing technologies, it was released quite quickly. A 3.3-V follow-on technology was added several months later. This logic offering added a local interconnect and a faster device. A second follow-on achieved greater speed improvement, calling upon a 2.5-V power supply and very tight channel-length control to obtain performances 50% above previous-generation standards, at lower power.
Review: environmental friendly lead-free piezoelectric materials (2009)

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based piezoelectric materials are well known for their excellent piezoelectric properties. However, considering the toxicity of lead and its compounds, there is a general awareness for the development of environmental friendly lead-free materials as evidenced from the legislation passed by the European Union in this effect. Several classes of materials are now being considered as potentially attractive alternatives to PZTs for specific applications. In this paper, attempts have been made to review the recent developments on lead-free piezo materials emphasizing on their preparation, structure–property correlation, etc. In this context, perovskite systems such as bismuth sodium titanate, alkali niobates (ANbO3), etc. and non-perovskites such as bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics are reviewed in detail. From the above study, it is concluded that some lead-free compositions show stable piezoelectric responses even though they do not match the overall performance of PZT. This has been the stimulant for growing research on this subject. This topic is of current interest to the researchers worldwide as evidenced from the large number of research publications. This has motivated us to come out with a review article with a view that it would give further impetus to the researchers already working in this area and also draw the attention of the others.
Effect of Processed Oils and Fats on Cholesterol Metabolism. IV (1992)

Four groups of weanling male rats were fed diets containing 20% (by weight) either palm stearin, soybean oil, their equal weight blend (PS/SO) or fat randomized blend [(E)PS/SO] for 28d. A comparative study was made of serum lipids, cholesterol and its metabolites in the livers and feces of the rats. The physical and chemical properties of the dietary fats were also examined.1) SFC curves indicated palm stearin rich in saturated triglycerides, mainly tripalmitin, to be considerably hard even at 30°C. However, its blend with soybean oil and further randomization improved plasticity and mouth feel due to decrease in SFC at each step.2) Serum cholesterol (total) and triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in the palm stearin group, but similar in the PS/SO and (E)PS/SO groups, compared with those in the soybeanoil group. In the palm stearin, PS/SO and (E)PS/SO groups, C16 : 0 rich in dietary fats was preferentially excreted into feces, but the proportion of this fatty acid in liver lipids of the palm stearin group was obviously higher than those of the PS/SO and (E)PS/SO groups.3) Contents of cholesterol and its metabolites in the feces were basically the same among the palm stearin, PS/SO and (E)PS/SO groups. In contrast, contents of some metabolites, formed by the action of intestinal bacteria, such as coprostanol and deoxycholic acid, in the palm stearin group werelower than those of the other two groups. Thus, the ratio of metabolites to cholesterol in the feces was low only in the palm stearin group, while no differences could be detected among the PS/SO, (E)PS/SO and soybean oil groups.4) Plam stearin, uniquely rich in C16 : 0, especially in tripalmitin, thus appears to have adverse effect on serum cholesterol, probably due to increase in C16 : 0 incorporated into liver, and cholesterol metabolism due to the suppression of intestinal bacteria functions. However, blending palm stearin with liquid vegetable oils and randomization were shown to improve both physical and biological properties.
Cigarette smoke blocks cross-linking of elastin in vitro. (1983)

Water-soluble components of the gas phase of filtered cigarette smoke inhibit formation of covalent desmosine cross-links during conversion of tropoelastin to elastin in vitro. These same smoke components also suppress lysyl-oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of lysine epsilon-amino groups in tropoelastin (the chemical step preceding formation of all elastin cross-links, including desmosine) in a dose-dependent fashion. However, gas phase smoke does not block the oxidation of diaminopentane by lysyl oxidase. Thus, gas phase cigarette smoke may possess substrate-directed (rather than enzyme-directed) inhibitory components capable of interfering with elastin cross-linking in vitro. Similar effects occurring in smokers' lungs could impede elastin repair and contribute to the development of pulmonary emphysema.
Piperazino-functionalized silica gel as a deblocking-scavenging agent for the 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl amino-protecting group (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPiperazino-functionalized silica gel as a deblocking-scavenging agent for the 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl amino-protecting groupLouis A. Carpino, E. M. E. Mansour, and Jerome KnapczykCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 5, 666–669Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00153a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00153a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1454Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Susceptibility of 1,500 Isolates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> to Gentamicin, Carbenicillin, Colistin, and Polymyxin B (1974)

A series of 1,500 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was collected from a variety of sources to provide a group of strains which would truly represent the species. All of them were pyocine typed, and a wide range of types was included among the isolates from each source. The gentamicin, carbenicillin, colistin, and polymyxin minimal inhibitory concentration of each strain was measured by the agar dilution method employing the Steers inocula replicator. Over 99% of strains were inhibited by 8 mug of gentamicin per ml, by 256 mug of carbenicillin per ml, and by 4 mug of colistin per ml. The small number of strains more resistant to each antibiotic comprised a variety of different pyocine types. Few strains were found to be susceptible to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, or streptomycin at the single concentration tested.
Performance of 3D speaker localization using a small array of microphones (2002)

Automatic speaker localization is an important feature in several applications such as videoconferencing and distance learning, where usually only a small array of microphones is available. This feature allows the camera to focus automatically on the person who is speaking. In this work we compare several adaptive filtering algorithms configured as time delay estimators to locate the talker in 3D space. Simulations showing their performance and tracking capability are provided.
From Laboratory Breakthrough to Technological Realization: The Development Path for Solid Acid Fuel Cells (2009)

Open up any textbook on fuel cells and the reader finds a list of five classic types of fuel cells, each differentiated by the nature of the electrolyte: polymer electrolyte membrane (or sometimes proton exchange membrane), phosphoric acid, alkali, molten carbonate, and solid oxide.
Effects of butyrate on active sodium and chloride transport in rat and rabbit distal colon (2002)

Short chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, stimulate electroneutral NaCl absorption from the colon. Their effect in colonic epithelia lacking basal electroneutral NaCl absorption is unknown. Butyrate is also reported to inhibit active Cl- secretion in the colon. The present studies were undertaken to investigate the inter-relationships between the effects of butyrate on active Na+ and Cl- transport in the colon. Studies were carried out in rabbit distal colon (known to have predominant electrogenic Na+ absorption), rat distal colon (characterised by electroneutral Na+ absorption), and hyperaldosteronaemic rat distal colon (characterised by electrogenic Na+ absorption). The effect of cholera toxin (CT) was also noted. Potential difference, short-circuit current (I(SC)) and fluxes of Na+ and Cl- were measured in stripped mucosa under voltage-clamp conditions. Butyrate stimulated electroneutral Na+ and Cl- absorption in distal colon of normal and salt-depleted rats, and stimulated Na+ absorption in rabbit distal colon. Amiloride (10(-4) M) or CT did not inhibit this process. In rabbit distal colon, stimulation of Na+ absorption by butyrate was not dependent on the presence of Cl- in the medium. Butyrate significantly decreased conductance, decreased flux of sodium from serosa to mucosa (particularly in rabbit distal colon), and decreased I(SC). Net Cl- secretion, induced by CT, was completely inhibited by butyrate. Stimulation of Na+ absorption was independent of exposure to CT. Bumetanide reversed net Cl- secretion to net absorption, but did not alter Na+ or Cl- fluxes in tissues exposed to butyrate. Thus butyrate stimulates active Na+ absorption in colonic epithelia, with or without expression of basal Na+-H+ exchange. Independently, butyrate inhibits active Cl- secretion induced by cAMP in these epithelia.
Critical Literature Review of Relationships Between Processing Parameters and Physical Properties of Particleboard. (1977)

The pertinent literature has been reviewed, and the apparent effects of selected processing parameters on the resultant particleboard properties, as generally reported in the literature, have been determined. Resin efficiency, type and level, furnish, and pressing conditions are reviewed for their reported effects on physical, strength, and moisture and dimensional properties. A serious deficiency in the research appears to be lack of consideration of the within-panel density gradient and its effects on physical properties. (Author)
[Clinical and experimental study on multiple sclerosis with bushen gusui tablet]. (2001)

BSGS had certain effect on both MS patients and EAE model animals, which indicated that it was worth further studying and clinical application.