gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oral Antimicrobial Therapy for Adults with Osteomyelitis or Septic Arthritis (1987)

We conducted a retrospective review of 21 adult patients with osteomyelitis and septic arthritis who were treated with high doses of oral antimicrobial agents, usually after an initial course of intravenous therapy. The mean duration of parenteral and oral therapy was 3.6 days and 43.0 days, respectively. Absorption of oral antibiotics was assessed by determining the trough serum bactericidal titers for the infecting organism; whenever feasible, the dosages were adjusted to achieve trough titers greater than or equal to 1:8. The follow-up period ranged from six to 66 months (mean, 42.4 months). Eighteen of 21 patients had no clinical signs of recurrence after initial therapy. One patient with an infected joint prosthesis developed recurrent infection, and two patients had recurrences accompanied by sequestra. The mean duration of hospitalization was 13.4 days, and the mean duration of outpatient treatment was 31.9 days.
Änderung der UV-Empfindlichkeit von Bacillus cereus durch Inkorporation von 8-Azaadenin (1970)

Änderung der UV-Empfindlichkeit von Bacillus cereus durch Inkorporation von 8-Azaadenin was published in Internationales Symposium Wirkungsmechanismen von Fungiziden, Antibiotika und Cytostatika on page 21.
Synthetic speech for real time direction-giving (1989)

The authors present an overview of the Back Seat Driver, a research prototype of a system to use speech synthesis as a navigational aid for an automobile equipped with localization equipment. They discuss the map database, the route-finding algorithm, repair strategies, and the discourse generator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Selective adsorption of olefin–paraffin on diamond-like frameworks: diamondyne and PAF-302 (2013)

Olefin–paraffin separation is one of the most significant processes in the petrochemical industry. An energy efficient method such as adsorption is considered to be a promising alternative to the traditional cryogenic distillation for the purification of olefins or paraffins. In this work, the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method was used to study the adsorption and separation of light hydrocarbons (including ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane) by two diamond-like frameworks: diamondyne (originally named D-carbon in J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, 1, 3851) and PAF-302, and further explore the mechanism for the adsorptive separation of olefins and paraffins. It is found that both diamondyne and PAF-302 show high uptake of hydrocarbons under ambient conditions, which greatly exceed those of MOFs and ZIFs. The saturation adsorption amounts of ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane on diamondyne are 14.5, 12.3, 10.3 and 8.9 mmol g−1, while they are 31.8, 28.0, 32.0, 30.3 mmol g−1 for PAF-302, which indicates that PAF-302 is an excellent candidate for hydrocarbon adsorption. In addition, it is also found that diamondyne shows preferential adsorption of olefins in the olefin–paraffin mixtures, like most commonly reported MOFs and ZIFs. However, interestingly, PAF-302 exhibits favorable adsorption for paraffins over olefins, which is an entirely different behavior to diamondyne, even though they have similar diamond-like structures.
Peak and Trough Growth Hormone Concentrations Have Different Associations with the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis, Body Composition, and Metabolic Parameters1 (1997)

GH is secreted in a pulsatile fashion, promoting growth and anabolism. The components of the pulsatile signal involved in these diverse effects are unclear. We constructed (20-min sampling interval) and analyzed 24-h serum GH profiles in 45 adult male volunteers, 59.4-69.9 yr old, body mass index (BMI) 21.9-36.5 Kg/m2, using Fourier transformation and a concentration distribution analysis that determines the concentration at or below which the serum GH concentrations in the 24-h profile spend a percentage of the total time. The observed concentrations (OC) below which 95% and 5% of the values in the time series lie [lsb]OC95 (peaks) and OC5 (troughs)] and mean 24-h serum GH concentrations were related to measures of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family, parameters of body composition, fasting insulin and cholesterol measures, and GH-binding protein concentrations. Mean 24-h serum GH concentrations ranged between 0.19 and 2.15 mU/L (1 microgram/L = 2.6 mU/L). Pulse periodicity was between 180 and 200 min. There was a positive relationship between peak GH levels and serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels (r = 0.39; P = 0.009 and r = 0.32; P = 0.03, respectively). GH trough levels were unrelated to these measures of the IGF family. In contrast, GH troughs were related inversely to BMI (r = -0.31; P = 0.04) and waist-hip ratio (r = -0.4; P = 0.006). Peak GH levels were not related to these measures. Factors known to influence these measures, fasting insulin concentration, or cortisol secretion did not alter the trough GH relationship in multiple regression analysis. All GH parameters were related inversely to fasting insulin concentration. Although GH parameters were related inversely to cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, this effect disappeared when age and fasting insulin levels were introduced into the regression. GH-binding protein levels related most strongly to BMI (r = 0.60; P < 0.001), with no effect of any GH parameter observed in multiple regression analysis. These results suggest that the peak values of a GH concentration profile may influence the IGF axis, whereas trough values may influence body composition and metabolic parameters of GH action.
Studying Filter Cache Bypassing on Embedded Systems (2010)

Filter caches have been proposed to decrease the energy consumption on embedded systems. However, the achievement in energy is usually acquired with a loss in performance. This work investigates a novel filter cache architecture that outperforms a traditional one, while maintaining the energy advantages. The performance gain is achieved by only allocating the data with a high reuse potential into the cache. Initial experimental results with several multimedia applications show a performance improvement of 5.4× in average.
Globally-asynchronous locally-synchronous architectures to simplify the design of on-chip systems (2003)

A novel methodology for realizing Globally-Asynchronous Locally-Synchronous (GALS) architectures is reported. We developed a library of predesigned modules that facilitate the assembly of independently clocked modules to on-chip systems. The components of this library establish high-performance data exchange channels which are instrumental in constructing flexible architectures. The validity of our concept is proven by applying it to an ASIC design with real-world complexity.
Design of an Acid-Activated Antimicrobial Peptide for Tumor Therapy (2013)

Antimicrobial peptides have received increasing attention as potential antitumor drugs due to their new mode of action. However, the systemic toxicity at high concentration always hampers their successful utilization for tumor therapy. Here, we designed a new type of acid-activated antimicrobial peptide AMitP by conjugating antimicrobial peptide MitP to its anionic binding partner MitPE via a disulfide linker. Compared with MitP, AMitP displayed significant antitumor activity at acidic pH and low cytotoxicity at normal pH. The results of MD simulations demonstrate that the changes of structure and membrane binding tendency of AMitP at different pH values played an important role in its pH-dependent antitumor activity. In addition, AMitP showed significant enzymatic stability compared with MitP, suggesting a potential for in vivo application. In short, our work opens a new avenue to develop antimicrobial peptides as potential antitumor drugs with high selectivity.
Dual cross-media relevance model for image annotation (2007)

Image annotation has been an active research topic in recent years due to its potential impact on both image understanding and web image retrieval. Existing relevance-model-based methods perform image annotation by maximizing the joint probability of images and words, which is calculated by the expectation over training images. However, the semantic gap and the dependence on training data restrict their performance and scalability. In this paper, a dual cross-media relevance model (DCMRM) is proposed for automatic image annotation, which estimates the joint probability by the expectation over words in a pre-defined lexicon. DCMRM involves two kinds of critical relations in image annotation. One is the word-to-image relation and the other is the word-to-word relation. Both relations can be estimated by using search techniques on the web data as well as available training data. Experiments conducted on the Corel dataset and a web image dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Lessons Learned from Quantitative Dynamical Modeling in Systems Biology (2013)

Due to the high complexity of biological data it is difficult to disentangle cellular processes relying only on intuitive interpretation of measurements. A Systems Biology approach that combines quantitative experimental data with dynamic mathematical modeling promises to yield deeper insights into these processes. Nevertheless, with growing complexity and increasing amount of quantitative experimental data, building realistic and reliable mathematical models can become a challenging task: the quality of experimental data has to be assessed objectively, unknown model parameters need to be estimated from the experimental data, and numerical calculations need to be precise and efficient. Here, we discuss, compare and characterize the performance of computational methods throughout the process of quantitative dynamic modeling using two previously established examples, for which quantitative, dose- and time-resolved experimental data are available. In particular, we present an approach that allows to determine the quality of experimental data in an efficient, objective and automated manner. Using this approach data generated by different measurement techniques and even in single replicates can be reliably used for mathematical modeling. For the estimation of unknown model parameters, the performance of different optimization algorithms was compared systematically. Our results show that deterministic derivative-based optimization employing the sensitivity equations in combination with a multi-start strategy based on latin hypercube sampling outperforms the other methods by orders of magnitude in accuracy and speed. Finally, we investigated transformations that yield a more efficient parameterization of the model and therefore lead to a further enhancement in optimization performance. We provide a freely available open source software package that implements the algorithms and examples compared here.
Analysis of the Gs/Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Mutant S49 Cells (1998)

Heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors can activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. Recent studies using pharmacological inhibitors or dominant-negative mutants of signaling molecules have advanced our understanding of the pathways from G protein-coupled receptors to MAPK. However, molecular genetic analysis of these pathways is inadequate in mammalian cells. Here, using the well characterized Gsalpha- and protein kinase A-deficient S49 mouse lymphoma cells, we provide the molecular genetic evidence that Gsalpha is responsible for transducing the beta-adrenergic receptor signal to MAPK in a protein kinase A-dependent pathway involving Rap1 and Raf (but not Ras) molecules.
Outage management system implementation and operations experience at Gulf Power Company (1999)

Outage management systems (OMS) provide extremely demanding requirements over a broad range of information integration, interactive functionality, and raw system performance requirements. These systems are rapidly gaining attention world-wide as utilities move toward more competitive deregulated and privatized business models. This presentation summarizes the critical characteristics necessary for the implementation of outage management systems which are an integrated part of the utility enterprise information/service strategy and are optimized for performance when needed the most; during major storms. Actual operational experience gained at Gulf Power Company will be presented to clarify implementation issues and quantify related benefits.
Sensing Biological Environments with a Portable Radiation Thermometer (1968)

The radiation environment in which plants and animals live is described. The coupling of the organism to the radiation field and the energy budget of the organism surface are discussed. A prototype of a portable ir radiation thermometer is described. This is an exceedingly useful instrument for the measurement of surface temperatures of organisms and of the thermal radiation of the environment. Field observations of plant and animal surface temperatures are reported for diverse and unusual ecological situations. The theory of measurement of surface temperatures using a radiation thermometer is discussed.
CO2-O2 interactions in extension of tolerance to acute hypoxia (1995)

Objectives and results of experimental projects a re summarized. The scope of information desired included (1) physiological and performance consequences of exposures to simulated microgravity, in rest and graded physical activity, (2) separate influences of graded degrees of atmospheric hypercapnia and hypoxia, and (3) composite effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia. The research objectives were selected for close relevance to existing quantitative information concerning interactions of hypercapnia and hypoxia on respiratory and brain circulatory control. They include: (1) to determine influences of normoxic immersion on interrelations of pulmonary ventilation, arterial PCO2 and PO2, and brain blood flow, in rest and physical work; (2) to determine influence of normoxic immersion on respiratory reactivity to atmospheric hypercapnia at rest; (3) to determine influence of atmospheric hypoxia on respiratory reactivity to hypercapnia at rest and in work; and (4) to provide physiological baselines of data concerning adaptations in acute exposures to aid in investigation of rates of adaptation or deteriorations in physiological or performance capability during subsequent multi-day exposures. A list of publications related to the present grant period is included along with an appendix describing the Performance Measurement System (human perceptual, cognitive and psychomotor functions).
Federal reservation of geothermal resources (1978)

Union Oil had developed or was seeking to develop wells on the land in Sonoma County, California in order to produce geothermal steam for generating electricity. The US Attorney General brought a quiet title action pursuant to 21(b) of the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970 to determine whether geothermal resources are included in the mineral reservation under the Homestead Act. The US District Court granted Union Oil's motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. On appeal, the Ninth Circuit reversed and remanded. In summary, the court concluded on the basis of the legislative history of the Stock-Raising Homestead Act that sources of energy are intended to remain in the government's possession, and the purposes of the Act will be best served by including geothermal resources in the reservation of mineral interests. Noting the strictly agricultural purpose of the Act, the subsurface estate reservation was broadly interpreted, even though title passed to all rights that were not expressly reserved. The court left open on remand the question of estoppel of the government from interfering with private lessees by developing subsurface resources compensation.This is a unique and intriguing decision, as it opens wide themore » definition of ''mineral interest,'' construing it in the timely terms of a valuable natural resource that may be in great demand for future energy needs. The decision is being appealed to the United States Supreme Court, and it will be interesting to observe whether this liberal interpretation of mineral interests will be upheld.« less
Fast IP Handover Performance Improvements Using Performance Enhancing Proxys between Satellite Networks and Wireless LAN Networks for High-Speed Trains (2008)

Internet services using satellites for high-speed trains are being widely studied these days. The major drawback of satellite networks is that antennas on the trains cannot receive signals from the satellites in train stations. To solve this problem, performing IP handover to terrestrial wireless networks in the stations is considered. However, due to long disconnection time of layer 2 and layer 3 inherent in IP handover, the performance of current IP handover schemes is not satisfactory in this case. In our previous study regarding this situation, we proposed a new fast IP handover scheme between a geo-satellite network and a terrestrial wireless LAN network for high-speed trains. Although the proposed scheme reduces the handover latency, TCP throughput deterioration remains due to increased Round Trip Time (RTT) caused by the movement of MR (Mobile Router) to the link with longer propagation delay than the previous one. In this paper, we apply a Performance Enhancing Proxy (PEP) to previous research and show performance improvements through simulations.
DReaM: A Novel System for Joint Source Separation and Multi-Track Coding (2012)

International audience
Detecting Abnormal Pricing in International Trade: The Greece-USA Case (2003)

Government authorities, international lending agencies, and private sector firms try to detect abnormal pricing in international trade. Abnormal prices in international trade may indicate capital flight, import-duty fraud, income-tax evasion, or money laundering. We developed a framework for filtering all annual trades between two countries, which includes thousands of harmonized commodity codes and millions of import-export transactions. It produces a prioritized list of commodities traded at potentially abnormal prices and can help auditors to identify such items ranked according to likelihood of abnormal pricing. We estimated the economic impact of over invoiced imports to Greece from the United States and underinvoiced exports from Greece to the United States. These transactions shift as much as $400 million in income annually out of Greece to the US (and well over $5.5 billion out of Greece to all other countries or about four percent of the GDP of Greece), lowering the level of taxable income and the tax liability of firms operating in Greece, thus increasing the public deficit and reducing domestic investments. The treasury of Greece is losing an estimated $1.4 to $2 billion revenues annually from worldwide trade shifted income. By auditing only the top 25 income-shifting items with the US (identified through a pricing filter), the Greek treasury could capture about 3/4 of the income shifted from exports and over 1/2 of the income shifted from all imports.
The Effect of Initial Advantage on the Course of Plant Competition (1988)

It has been suggested that initial advantage is of basic importance in determining the outcome of plant competition. However, evidence points to this being an effect only of competition for light. This theory was tested by growing plants of the grass Festuca ovina, differing only in size, so only their roots could compete. An additive design demonstrated that root competition was occurring, and could be seen in both growth and mortality. In this competition the small plants were at no disadvantage; they grew relatively faster than the large ones, beginning as 10% of the mixture and ending as 30%. Overwhelming importance of initial advantage in size or establishment time is not the basic and universal feature of plant competition that many have thought. It is a feature of competition for light, and does not apply to nutrient competition.
Discussion (1993)

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An optimal distributed routing algorithm (1991)

A distributed optimal one-level routing algorithm is presented. The algorithm is based on Newton's method. Using the variable reduction method, the Hessian matrix becomes diagonal. An example shows that the algorithm has a much faster convergence rate, more accurate results, and better transient behavior than previous work. The algorithm is shown to be convergent, stable, robust, and loop free.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Amino-terminal assembly of human P-glycoprotein at the endoplasmic reticulum is directed by cooperative actions of two internal sequences. (1993)

Transmembrane topology of polytopic integral membrane proteins is established during protein synthesis at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. For some polytopic proteins, sequential and independent signal, stop transfer, and/or signal anchor sequences contained in the nascent chain direct this process. Here we define the topology of human P-glycoprotein (MDR1) through the first two transmembrane regions (TM1 and TM2, respectively) of the amino-terminal half of the protein. We show that unlike TM7 and TM8, which comprise homologous regions in the carboxyl half of the protein (Skach, W., Calayag, M. C., and Lingappa, V. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 6903-6908), TM1 and TM2 achieve the orientation predicted by conventional structural models. However, TM1 and TM2 appear to utilize a mechanism of biogenesis different in a key respect from that observed in multispanning proteins studied previously. TM1 and TM2, with their flanking regions, independently direct the topology observed for each of these sequences in the native protein. Each can interact with signal recognition particle to direct targetting to the endoplasmic reticulum, nascent chain translocation, and correct transmembrane orientation. Unlike the transmembrane regions of previously studied multispanning membrane proteins, neither TM1 nor TM2 alone is sufficient to integrate the chain into the membrane. However, when TM1 and TM2 are both present, as occurs in native MDR1, integration is achieved. These results suggest that cooperative interactions between TM1 and TM2 are necessary for chain integration and thus add a new complexity to the current view of polytopic integral membrane protein biogenesis.
Development control : principles and practice (1997)

Development Control is a comprehensive introductory text for students of planning and related subjects. Drawing widely on the literature - the approach and treatment are very much geared to the needs of students on courses, rather than focusing on practical and how-to-do-it issues. It should be of interest to students in schools of planning, the built environment, estate management, land economy and other related subjects.