gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arbitration and insolvency proceedings: Claims of ordinary bankruptcy creditors (1999)

After the commencement of proceedings for bankruptcy liquidation, any non-secured claim for payment against the estate may be pursued only by filing in bankruptcy procedure. Any ordinary creditor who wishes to obtain payment from the proceeds of the estate must file his claim for verification or proof in bankruptcy. The purpose is that claims of ordinary, non-secured, non-preferred creditors are dealt with in a single, collective procedure. Since these claims are in the very essence of the bankruptcy procedure, they may be considered to be typical bankruptcy issues. This article examines whether the claims of ordinary creditors should, consequently, be considered to be excluded from arbitration (thus, to be non-arbitrable). Non-arbitrability of the subject matter may be a reason for non-enforcement of an arbitration agreement, annulment of an award and a reason for the refusal of the enforcement of an award. If, in contrast, such claims should not be considered to remain outside the domain of arbitration, it is examined whether the relevant provisions of insolvency law may have any further influence on arbitration. In particular, the issue of the effectiveness of arbitration agreements, as well as the provisions of insolvency law relating to pending proceedings concerning such claims, are analysed. These issues are addressed taking into consideration the relevant provisions of arbitration and insolvency in statutory regulation, case law and legal writings in France, the Netherlands and the United States.
Density-functional method for very large systems with LCAO basis sets (1997)

We have implemented a linear scaling, fully self-consistent density-functional method for performing first-principles calculations on systems with a large number of atoms, using standard norm-conserving pseudopotentials and flexible linear combinations of atomic orbitals (LCAO) basis sets. Exchange and correlation are treated within the local-spin-density or gradient-corrected approximations. The basis functions and the electron density are projected on a real-space grid in order to calculate the Hartree and exchange–correlation potentials and matrix elements. We substitute the customary diagonalization procedure by the minimization of a modified energy functional, which gives orthogonal wave functions and the same energy and density as the Kohn–Sham energy functional, without the need of an explicit orthogonalization. The additional restriction to a finite range for the electron wave functions allows the computational effort (time and memory) to increase only linearly with the size of the system. Forces and stresses are also calculated efficiently and accurately, allowing structural relaxation and molecular dynamics simulations. We present test calculations beginning with small molecules and ending with a piece of DNA. Using double-z, polarized bases, geometries within 1% of experiments are obtained. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 65: 453–461, 1997
Arenavirus Z-Glycoprotein Association Requires Z Myristoylation but Not Functional RING or Late Domains (2007)

Generation of infectious arenavirus-like particles requires the virus RING finger Z protein and surface glycoprotein precursor (GPC) and the correct processing of GPC into GP1, GP2, and a stable signal peptide (SSP). Z is the driving force of arenavirus budding, whereas the GP complex (GPc), consisting of hetero-oligomers of SSP, GP1, and GP2, forms the viral envelope spikes that mediate receptor recognition and cell entry. Based on the roles played by Z and GP in the arenavirus life cycle, we hypothesized that Z and the GPc should interact in a manner required for virion formation. Here, using confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we provide evidence for subcellular colocalization and biochemical interaction, respectively, of Z and the GPc. Our results from mutation-function analysis reveal that Z myristoylation, but not the Z late (L) or RING domain, is required for Z-GPc interaction. Moreover, Z interacted directly with SSP in the absence of other components of the GPc. We obtained similar results with Z and GPC from the prototypical arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and the hemorrhagic fever arenavirus Lassa fever virus.
Hyaluronan and its Potential Role in Periodontal Healing (2002)

Hyaluronan is a natural tissue component, which plays a vital role in the functioning of extracellular matrices, including those of the periodontium. This molecule is also important in relation to the mechanisms associated with inflammation and wound healing. The application of exogenous hyaluronan and hyaluronan-based biomaterials has been successful in manipulating and accelerating the wound healing process in a number of medical disciplines, as evident in ophthalmology, dermatology and rheumatology. It is conceivable that hyaluronan administration to periodontal sites could achieve comparable beneficial effects in periodontal healing and surgery, hence aiding treatment of periodontal disease.
Multipole, nonlinear, and anharmonic uncertainties of clocks of Sr atoms in an optical lattice (2013)

Magnetic-dipole, electric-quadrupole, and hyperpolarizability effects on clock energy levels are analyzed in detail for Sr atoms in Stark potentials of red-detuned and blue-detuned magic-wavelength optical lattices. A difference between ac Stark shifts in traveling and standing waves is determined numerically. Differences between magic wavelengths for atoms in traveling and standing waves are presented and strategies for minimizing uncertainties of the clock frequency are indicated explicitly. Significant suppression of hyperpolarizability effect is demonstrated analytically for a blue-detuned in comparison with a red-detuned lattice, thus enabling essential deepening of trap potentials, reducing tunneling between lattice wells and collision effects.
Dry ozonation of steroids. C-25 functionalization of cholestane derivatives (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDry ozonation of steroids. C-25 functionalization of cholestane derivativesZvi Cohen and Yehuda MazurCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 13, 2318–2320Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01327a073https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01327a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Generation, annotation, and analysis of an extensive Aspergillus niger EST collection (2006)

This EST collection and its annotation provide a significant resource for fundamental and applied research with A. niger. The gene set identified in this manuscript will be highly useful in the annotation of the genome sequence of A. niger, the genes described in the manuscript, especially those encoding hydrolytic enzymes will provide a valuable source for researchers interested in enzyme properties and applications.
Selective shaped pulse decoupling in NMR: homonuclear [carbon-13]carbonyl decoupling (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective shaped pulse decoupling in NMR: homonuclear [carbon-13]carbonyl decouplingM. A. McCoy and L. MuellerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 6, 2108–2112Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00032a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00032a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views952Altmetric-Citations137LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantum interference effects in spontaneous atomic emission: Dependence of the resonance fluorescence spectrum on the phase of the driving field (1997)

We discuss quantum interference effects in the resonance fluorescence spectrum of a \ensuremath{\Lambda} three-level atom when the lower-level doublet is driven by a coherent field. The interfering pathways that lead to the same final state involve both spontaneous decays and stimulated transitions, and differ from one another by an odd number of stimulated processes induced by the driving field. As a consequence, the interference structures depend upon the phase of the coherent field, an effect that is absent in other resonance fluorescence phenomena. The phase dependence of the quantum interference contribution is especially significant when the level splitting of the driven doublet is comparable to the spontaneous decay rates of the competing optical paths.
Efficient Gradient Boosted Decision Tree Training on GPUs (2018)

In this paper, we present a novel parallel implementation for training Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDTs) on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Thanks to the wide use of the open sourced XGBoost library, GBDTs have become very popular in recent years and won many awards in machine learning and data mining competitions. Although GPUs have demonstrated their success in accelerating many machine learning applications, there are a series of key challenges of developing a GPU-based GBDT algorithm, including irregular memory accesses, many small sorting operations and varying data parallel granularities in tree construction. To tackle these challenges on GPUs, we propose various novel techniques (including Run-length Encoding compression and thread/block workload dynamic allocation, and reusing intermediate training results for efficient gradient computation). Our experimental results show that our algorithm named GPU-GBDT is often 10 to 20 times faster than the sequential version of XGBoost, and achieves 1.5 to 2 times speedup over a 40 threaded XGBoost running on a relatively high-end workstation of 20 CPU cores. Moreover, GPU-GBDT outperforms its CPU counterpart by 2 to 3 times in terms of performance-price ratio.
Characterization of a<i>Brome mosaic virus</i>Strain and Its Use as a Vector for Gene Silencing in Monocotyledonous Hosts (2006)

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is used to analyze gene function in dicotyledonous plants but less so in monocotyledonous plants (particularly rice and corn), partially due to the limited number of virus expression vectors available. Here, we report the cloning and modification for VIGS of a virus from Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (tall fescue) that caused systemic mosaic symptoms on barley, rice, and a specific cultivar of maize (Va35) under greenhouse conditions. Through sequencing, the virus was determined to be a strain of Brome mosaic virus (BMV). The virus was named F-BMV (F for Festuca), and genetic determinants that controlled the systemic infection of rice were mapped to RNAs 1 and 2 of the tripartite genome. cDNA from RNA 3 of the Russian strain of BMV (R-BMV) was modified to accept inserts from foreign genes. Coinoculation of RNAs 1 and 2 from F-BMV and RNA 3 from R-BMV expressing a portion of a plant gene to leaves of barley, rice, and maize plants resulted in visual silencing-like phenotypes. The visual phenotypes were correlated with decreased target host transcript levels in the corresponding leaves. The VIGS visual phenotype varied from maintained during silencing of actin 1 transcript expression to transient with incomplete penetration through affected tissue during silencing of phytoene desaturase expression. F-BMV RNA 3 was modified to allow greater accumulation of virus while minimizing virus pathogenicity. The modified vector C-BMV(A/G) (C for chimeric) was shown to be useful for VIGS. These BMV vectors will be useful for analysis of gene function in rice and maize for which no VIGS system is reported.
Increased expression of lung TRPV1/TRPA1 in a cough model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Guinea pigs (2019)

Expression of TRPV1/TRPA1 was upregulated in the chronic cough related to bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in guinea pigs, which provided new insights into the mechanism of IPF-associated cough hypersensitivity. Micro-CT is very helpful methodology to access pulmonary fibrosis progression in small animal models.
Post-infarct cortical plasticity and behavioral recovery using concurrent cortical stimulation and rehabilitative training: A feasibility study in primates (2003)

Stroke is often characterized by incomplete recovery and chronic motor impairments. A nonhuman primate model of cortical ischemia was used to evaluate the feasibility of using device-assisted cortical stimulation combined with rehabilitative training to enhance behavioral recovery and cortical plasticity. Following pre-infarct training on a unimanual motor task, maps of movement representations in primary motor cortex were derived. Then, an ischemic infarct was produced which destroyed the hand representation. Several weeks later, a second cortical map was derived to guide implantation of a surface electrode over peri-infarct motor cortex. After several months of spontaneous recovery, monkeys underwent subthreshold electrical stimulation combined with rehabilitative training for several weeks. Post-therapy behavioral performance was tracked for several additional months. A third cortical map was derived several weeks post-therapy to examine changes in motor representations. Monkeys showed significant improvements in motor performance (success, speed, and efficiency) following therapy, which persisted for several months. Cortical mapping revealed large-scale emergence of new hand representations in peri-infarct motor cortex, primarily in cortical tissue underlying the electrode. Results support the feasibility of using a therapy approach combining peri-infarct electrical stimulation with rehabilitative training to alleviate chronic motor deficits and promote recovery from cortical ischemic injury.
Working with Pages (2011)

The main objective of most ASP.NET web applications is to generate HTML content that will be displayed in a web browser (although you can use ASP.NET to produce other kinds of data, as you’ll learn in later chapters).
Fibre-embedded optical isolator (1989)

A fibre-embedded optical isolator without a lens element is proposed and fabricated. The isolator consists of beamexpanding fibres, laminated polarisers and a Faraday rotation garnet. Backward and forward losses at 1.3μm wavelength are 36.9 and l.6dB respectively.
An Intelligent Hierarchical Approach to Actuator Fault Diagnosis and Accommodation (2006)

This paper presents a novel intelligent hierarchical approach to automatically detecting, isolating, and accommodating faults in flight control systems. The proposed architecture has three main components. First, a new nonlinear fault diagnosis scheme is used to detect the occurrence of any faults and to determine the particular component that has failed. Second, a controller module consists of a primary nominal controller and a secondary adaptive fault-tolerant controller. While the nominal controller can be any existing conventional flight control system, the secondary neural network (NN) based nonlinear adaptive controller is designed to maintain acceptable control performance after the detection of fault occurrence. Third, a reconfiguration supervisor makes decision regarding controller reconfiguration and control reallocation by using on-line diagnostic information. Following failures of primary aerodynamic actuators, flight safety can be maintained by utilizing alternative actuation systems for critical stability and control augmentation tasks. The effectiveness of the proposed integrated fault diagnosis and accommodation approach has been illustrated by using the research civil aircraft model (RCAM) developed by the group for aeronautical research and technology in Europe (GARTEUR). Extensive simulation studies have clearly shown the benefits of the proposed adaptive fault-tolerant control scheme using on-line diagnostic information
Radiosynthesis of [benzoyl-3,4,5-3H]diflubenzuron by a route applicable to other high-potency insect growth regulators (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiosynthesis of [benzoyl-3,4,5-3H]diflubenzuron by a route applicable to other high-potency insect growth regulatorsBerhane Tecle, Luis O. Ruzo, and John E. CasidaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36, 1, 178–180Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00079a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00079a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tinnitus - Hyperacusis and the Loudness Discomfort Level Test - A Preliminary Report. (1996)

This paper is a preliminary report from the Tinnitus Center, HSCB-SUNY, of hyperacusis in a patient population who request consultation for tinnitus of the severe disabling type. Forty-two consecutive patients seen from January to August 1995 were reviewed for this preliminary report. There is a positive correlation between tinnitus and hyperacusis as well as a positive correlation between hyperacusis and the loudness discomfort level test (LDL). Hyperacusis is an increased sensitivity to sound that occurs with/without a hearing loss in individuals with tinnitus of the severe disabling type. The present method of assessment for hyperacusis includes pure tone audiometry, LDL's, Feldmann Masking Curves and the Metz test for recruitment. A classification system exists for hearing loss and a similar system is suggested for hyperacusis.
Versatile rare earth hexanuclear clusters for the design and synthesis of highly-connected<b>ftw</b>-MOFs (2015)

A series of highly porous MOFs were deliberately targeted to contain a 12-connected rare earth hexanuclear cluster and quadrangular tetracarboxylate ligands. The resultant MOFs have an underlying topology of <b>ftw</b>, and are thus (4,12)-c <b>ftw</b>-MOFs. This targeted rare earth <b>ftw</b>-MOF platform offers the potential to assess the effect of pore functionality and size, <i>via</i> ligand functionalization and/or expansion, on the adsorption properties of relevant gases. Examination of the gas adsorption properties of these compounds showed that the <b>ftw</b>-MOF-2 analogues, constructed from rigid ligands with a phenyl, naphthyl, or anthracene core exhibited a relatively high degree of porosity. The specific surface areas and pore volumes of these analogs are amongst the highest reported for RE-based MOFs. Further studies revealed that the Y-<b>ftw</b>-MOF-2 shows promise as a storage medium for methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) at high pressures. Furthermore, Y-<b>ftw</b>-MOF-2 shows potential as a separation agent for the selective removal of normal butane (<i>n</i>-C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) and propane (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>) from natural gas (NG) as well as interesting properties for the selective separation of <i>n</i>-C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub> from C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> or isobutane (iso-C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>).
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Forms a Highly Stable, EDTA-Resistant Complex with Its Principal Receptor, Integrin αvβ6: Implications for Infectiousness (2007)

The initial stage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection is virus binding to cell surface integrins via the RGD motif in the GH loop of the VP1 capsid protein. As for all ligand/integrin interactions, the initial contact between FMDV and its integrin receptors is cation dependent and hence inhibited by EDTA. We have investigated this binding process with RGD-containing peptides derived from the VP1 capsid protein of FMDV and discovered that, upon binding, some of these peptides form highly stable, EDTA-resistant associations with integrin alphavbeta6. Peptides containing specific substitutions show that this stable binding is dependent on a helical structure immediately C terminal to the RGD and, specifically, two leucine residues at positions RGD +1 and RGD +4. These observations have a biological consequence, as we show further that stable, EDTA-resistant binding to alphavbeta6 is a property also exhibited by FMDV particles. Thus, the integrin-binding loop of FMDV appears to have evolved to form very stable complexes with the principal receptor of FMDV, integrin alphavbeta6. An ability to induce such stable complexes with its cellular receptor is likely to contribute significantly to the high infectiousness of FMDV.
DETERMINATION OF THE NEUTRON CAPTURE CROSS SECTION FOR THE Co<sup>59</sup>(<i>n</i>,γ)Co<sup>60m</sup> REACTION (1953)

A determination of the neutron capture cross section of Co 59 leading to the excited state of Co 60 has been made by the activation method. Samples of cobalt were irradiated in the center of the Chalk River nuclear reactor in a pure iron capsule using a pneumatic delivery device. The cobalt activity was counted in a windowless counter and compared with the activity of a strip of pure gold irradiated under identical conditions in the same container. The cobalt and gold were counted with and without cadmium wrapping and the contribution due to epicadmium neutrons allowed for in the calculation. The mean value obtained was 18.3 ± 1.7 barns relative to σAu 197 = 93 barns.