gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Growth of In(OH)<sub>3</sub> Nanocubes to Nanorods and Nanosheets via a Solution-Based Seed Method (2006)

In(OH)3 nanocubes with tunable sizes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal treatment; subsequently, these nanocubes can be adopted as seeds to fabricate diameter-controllable nanorods via an induced anisotropic growth mechanism. By adjustment of the water/ethanol ratio and removal of PVP from the same reaction system, In(OH)3 nanosheets, nanobundles, and nanorods with special small diameter (<5 nm) have been prepared. These parallel experimental results indicate that the nanosheets are formed by oriented attachment of nanorods. The possible formation mechanism of these In(OH)3 nanostructures has also been discussed.
Highly chemoselective addition of (o-nitrobenzyl)silanes to nonenolizable aldehydes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHighly chemoselective addition of (o-nitrobenzyl)silanes to nonenolizable aldehydesGiuseppe Bartoli, Marcella Bosco, Daniele Caretti, Renato Dalpozzo, and Paolo E. TodescoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 19, 4381–4384Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00228a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00228a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A device for the location and protection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during operations upon the neck. (1981)

A new locating system by stimulus-movement-registration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during neck operations was applied safely and successfully in six instances. In our opinion, the principle of stimulus-movement-registration deserves wide application in neck operations, as it is simple, reliable and safe and may obviate accidental damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Expression Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Multispecific Organic Anion Transporter (1997)

Numerous drugs and endogenous compounds are efficiently excreted from the renal proximal tubule via carrier-mediated pathways. Transepithelial excretion of organic anions occurs via their accumulative transport from the blood into the proximal tubule cells across the basolateral membrane and subsequent secretion into the urine through the apical membrane. Here we report on the isolation of a novel complementary DNA from rat kidney that encodes a 551-amino acid residue protein (OAT1) with 12 putative membrane-spanning domains. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, OAT1 mediated sodium-independent para-aminohippurate (PAH) uptake (Km = 14.3 +/- 2.9 microM). The uptake rate of PAH was increased by the outwardly directed dicarboxylate gradient, consisting with the idea that OAT1 is an organic anion/dicarboxylate exchanger. OAT1 displayed remarkably wide substrate selectivity, covering endogenous substrates such as cyclic nucleotides, a prostaglandin and uric acid, and a variety of drugs with different structures (e.g. antibiotics, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diuretics, an antineoplastic drug, and a uricosuric drug). The Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization revealed that OAT1 is exclusively expressed in the particular segment of the proximal tubule in the kidney. These data suggest that OAT1 is a multispecific organic anion transporter at the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubule. Isolation of OAT1 will facilitate elucidation of the molecular basis of drug kinetics and the development of new drugs lacking unwanted side effects.
Electroorganic chemistry. 113. Synthesis of (+)- and (-)-N-methylpseudoconhydrine from L-lysine using anodic oxidation as the key reaction (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectroorganic chemistry. 113. Synthesis of (+)- and (-)-N-methylpseudoconhydrine from L-lysine using anodic oxidation as the key reactionTatsuya Shono, Yoshihiro Matsumura, Osamu Onomura, and Masaaki SatoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 17, 4118–4121Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00252a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00252a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views375Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Thin-shell replication of grazing incidence (Wolter type I) SiC mirrors</title> (1995)

Near-net-shape replication and ion beam figuring technologies were investigated for chemical vapor deposited (CVD) SiC to fabricate high performance, glancing incidence Wolter Type I x-ray mirrors. Small scale CVD experiments were performed on graphite mandrels to demonstrate replication of SiC shells that closely matched the design of the XMM 40th shell at 1/16th scale. The SiC shells were successfully separated from the graphite mandrels and then machined to the required dimensions. Ion beam figuring as a final fabrication step was investigated on Wolter Type I replicated SiC surfaces. Angular sputtering yields and surface roughness evolution with material removal were found to be sufficiently well behaved to favor ion beam figuring as a means of performing the final figuring step. The CVD-SiC fabrication technology for the x-ray telescopes as developed above appears scaleable. Finally, analysis of a single element CVD-SiC telescope, modeled after the AXAF-S 26th shell showed telescope deflections and weight to be 2.23 and 2.77 times less, respectively, than for a nickel replicated shell of the same dimensions.
An alternate design paradigm for low-power, low-cost, testable hybrid systems using scaled LTPS TFTs (2008)

This article presents a holistic hybrid design methodology for low-power, low-cost, testable digital designs using low-temperature polycrystalline-silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS TFTs). An alternate scaling rule under low thermal budget (due to flexible substrate) is developed to improve the performance of TFTs in the presence of process variation. We demonstrate that LTPS TFTs can be further optimized for ultralow-power subthreshold operation with performances comparable to contemporary single-crystal silicon-on-insulator (c-Si SOI) devices after process optimization. The optimized LTPS TFTs with high current drivability and less variability can comprise a promising low-cost option to augment Si CMOS technology, opening up a plethora of new hybrid 3D applications. We illustrate one such application: IC testing. Testing of complex VLSI systems is a prime concern due to design cost of DFT circuits, area/delay overheads, and poor test confidence. To harness the benefits of TFT technology, a novel low-power, process-tolerant, generic, and reconfigurable test structure designed using LTPS TFTs is proposed to reduce the test cost, as well as to improve diagnosability and verifiability, of complex VLSI systems. Due to proper optimization of TFT devices, the proposed test structure consumes low power but operates with reasonable performance. Furthermore, the test circuits do not consume any silicon area because they can be integrated on-chip using 3D technology. Since the test architecture is reconfigurable, this eliminates the need to redesign built-in-self-test (BIST) components that may vary from one processor generation to another. We have developed test structures using 200nm TFT devices and evaluated them on designs implemented in 130nm bulk CMOS. For circuit simulations, we have developed a SPICE-compatible model for TFT devices. The BIST components designed using the test structures operate at 0.8--4.3 GHz (compared to 8.2 GHz in bulk CMOS) with low power consumption. The enhanced scan cells partially implemented in TFT (3D hybrid design) consume ∼24% less power and ∼15--20% less area of Si die compared to conventional bulk-Si design (2D planar design), with minimal delay overhead.
Medline<sup>®</sup>, PubMed, PubMed Central….Let's try to decipher (2020)

The terms Medline®, PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC) are very important from publication point of view. To be relevant in academic field, we require publications. Publications are required in journals that are indexed, have an expert peer review process and may be high impact factor. As we all know, Dental council of India has also graded the publications on the basis of indexation and publication source. The points awarded are also on the basis of this grading. The journals which are PubMed indexed have been graded the highest. A lot of queries are made about the status of our journal (whether it is Pubmed indexed or not). I want to ensure my esteemed colleagues, that, at the time of writing of this editorial, our journal is PubMed indexed. Articles till the last issue of journal are available in PubMed. You can check the status of the journal by selecting NLM catalogue from scroll down menu on homepage of PubMed and then type our journal name and search. You will get the full details of the journal. Despite the frequent use of the terms Medline®, PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), many of us are not very clear about what these databases mean and what is the exact difference between the three. I will explain the differences between these terms very briefly. The journal citation database of National Library of Medicine (NLM) is called Medline®. Medline® database was introduced in 1960s, and has in excess of 26 million references to journals from life sciences and biomedical fields. Citations (1946 onwards) from more than 5,200 scholarly journals published are included in Medline®. The database of Medline® can be directly searched from NLM as a subcategory of the PubMed database.[1] PubMed was launched in 1996 and incorporates more than 30 million references. These comprises the Medline® database, and many other databases like In-process citations, “Ahead of Print” citations, NCBI Bookshelf etc., Medline® is the largest subgroup of PubMed.[1] PMC (PubMed Central) began in 2000 and is a collection of full-text life sciences and biomedical articles. PMC allows free access to the full texts. PMC can be considered a digital equivalent of the NLM print journal collection. The database of PMC is built by the journal literature deposited by publishers, and NIH Public compliant author manuscripts. Medline® also includes some PMC journals.[1] So, PubMed citations are derived from a) Medline® indexed journals, b) PMC journals and articles and c) NCBI Bookshelf. PMC articles, NCBI Bookshelf, and publishers' web sites may be linked to both Medline® and other PubMed citations. If PubMed search is limited to Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) controlled vocabulary or the Medline® subset, you will see only Medline® citations in your results.[1] I must state here that above mentioned information regarding differences between the three are sourced from PubMed site. You can find further details at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/difference.html and in-build links on this webpage.
Three-dimensional particle position using continuous wavelet and circle Hough transforms (2011)

An alternative method to determine particle position in 3D is herewith proposed. The procedure to be followed is simple since it avoids a complicated experimental set-up and several computation steps to obtain the final particle position. In order to compute the position and radius of a particle image, the continuous wavelet and Hough transforms are employed: the proposed method is based on the size and position calculation for a particle diffraction image central spot size. The size and centroid of the central spot size render the z and x-y position of a particle image, respectively. This approach has been applied to simulated and experimental particle images. Simulated particle images have been obtained using the near field Lorenz-Mie theory, and show between the actual and calculated central spot size. An average relative error of 0.4% and 1.7% for x-y and z directions, respectively, was found in the analysis. The extraction of the 3D particle position was done with experimental particle images obtained from particle motion provoked by heated water inside a channel. The quality of the particle images determines the accuracy of the calculation of its central spot size.
Toward Supportive Data Collection Tools for Plant Metabolomics (2005)

Over recent years, a number of initiatives have proposed standard reporting guidelines for functional genomics experiments. Associated with these are data models that may be used as the basis of the design of software tools that store and transmit experiment data in standard formats. Central to the success of such data handling tools is their usability. Successful data handling tools are expected to yield benefits in time saving and in quality assurance. Here, we describe the collection of datasets that conform to the recently proposed data model for plant metabolomics known as ArMet (architecture for metabolomics) and illustrate a number of approaches to robust data collection that have been developed in collaboration between software engineers and biologists. These examples also serve to validate ArMet from the data collection perspective by demonstrating that a range of software tools, supporting data recording and data upload to central databases, can be built using the data model as the basis of their design.
Integrated optical waveguiding structures made by silver ion-exchange in glass 2: Directional coupler and bends (1983)

It has been shown [ Appl. Opt.22, 0000 ( 1983)] that good quality stripe dielectric waveguides can be made by silver ion-exchange in glass if the diffusion mask is of alumina, made by anodization of an aluminum thin film. In this paper we present results of an experimental investigation of directional couplers, waveguide bends, and guide attenuation in waveguides of this type. Directional coupler transfer lengths are found to be in good agreement with theoretical prediction; bends behave as expected according to an approximate theory, and attenuation is found to be low (2dB/cm for a guide width of 2 μm). The optimum radius for a 2-μm wide monomode guide is found to be ~500 μm.
Effect of Environmental Enrichment on the Immunoendocrine Aging of Male and Female Triple-Transgenic 3xTg-AD Mice for Alzheimer's Disease (2011)

We have previously shown that 3xTgAD mice (triple-transgenic mice for Alzheimer's disease, harboring PS1(M146V), AβPP(Swe), tau(P301L) transgenes) suffer detrimental changes in some key lymphocyte functions, described as health and longevity markers, with males being more affected than females and showing higher mortality rates. In the present work, 3xTgAD and wild type 129/C57BL6 male and female non- and environmentally enriched mice were used. The enriched environment (EE) began in the adulthood (6 months) and lasted for 5.5 months. The animals were sacrificed at advanced stages of the disease (15 month-old), and spleen, thymus, and plasma were obtained. The results indicate that 3xTg-AD males are especially benefitted from EE exposure, as shown by the improvement in lymphocyte functional activities such as chemotaxis and natural killer cytotoxicity, as well as in plasma corticosterone levels. By contrast, wild type females seem to be highly sensitive to EE removal, as regards the proliferation capacity of lymphocytes and their intracellular glutathione content. These results support the relevance of gender differences in AD when screening for new strategies for the control of the disease, and suggest that active life, by means of EE, should be maintained until natural death in order to preserve all the positive effects that this strategy exerts on the immune system.
Map-Aided Dead-Reckoning Using Only Measurements of Speed (2016)

We present a particle-based framework for estimating the position of a vehicle using map information and measurements of speed. The filter propagates the particles' position estimates by means of dead-reckoning, and then updates the particle weights using two measurement functions. The first measurement function is based on the assumption that the lateral force on the vehicle does not exceed critical limits derived from physical constraints. The second is based on the assumption that the driver approaches a target speed derived from the speed limits along the upcoming trajectory. Assuming some prior knowledge of the initial position, performance evaluations of the proposed method indicate that end destinations often can be estimated with an accuracy in the order of 100 [m]. These results expose the sensitivity and commercial value of speed data collected in many of today's insurance telematics programs, where the data is used to adjust premiums and provide driver feedback. We end by discussing the strengths and weaknesses of different methods for anonymization and privacy preservation in telematics programs.
Benzo[b]phosphole sulfides. Highly electron-transporting and thermally stable molecular materials for organic semiconductor devices (2009)

A benzo[b]phosphole sulfide derivative DBPSB was found to function as a new class of n-type amorphous organic material, which features high electron drift mobility and high thermal stability, and the utility of this compound was demonstrated in an organic light-emitting diode.
Toxic effects of oxygen on human embryo development (2000)

The toxic effects of oxygen on the embryos of various animal species are reviewed. Methodologies for assessing embryonic damage are discussed and possible ways of preventing the damage are explored. Three methods of potentially minimizing oxidative damage to human embryos were tested using gametes, zygotes, and embryos from a clinical IVF programme: (i) decreasing the oxygen tension in the gas phase used for culture during insemination, fertilization, and embryo growth; (ii) changing the formulation of culture media to include some components designed to protect against oxidative damage; and (iii) reducing the duration of insemination to minimize the effect of oxidative damage caused by spermatozoal metabolism. Fertilization, cleavage, embryo utilization, pregnancy, and embryo implantation rates were used to monitor these changes. Although all three methods gave an increase in success rates, there was still a dramatic decrease in success with patient age. It is suggested that, although the system of handling and culturing embryos can be optimized with respect to embryonic mitochondrial function, there are inherent age-related defects in oocytes and embryos that are still more fundamental than the environmental conditions of the embryo.
Die ältere Geschichte des Oberbergamtes Freiberg (1994)

ZusammenfassungAm 15. Dezember 1991 zog das Sächsische Oberbergamt in Freiberg 45 Jahre nach seiner Auflösung durch die sowjetische Militäradministration in Deutschland wieder in das spätgotische Gebäude auf der Freiberger Kirchgasse ein.
Assessing the effectiveness of IEEE 802.11e in multi-hop mobile network environments (2004)

The IEEE 802.11e technology is receiving much interest due to the promising enhancements it offers to wireless local area networks in terms of QoS support. Until now, research has focused on single hop, access point based environments, which are the most common. We review the enhancements proposed in the last IEEE 802.11e draft (version 8.0). We analyze the performance of the IEEE 802.11e protocol on ad-hoc networks (multi-hop) in terms of throughput and end-to-end delay. We also measure the effectiveness for static and fully dynamic networks with a variable number of source stations. Finally, we analyze the performance of IEEE 802.11e when legacy IEEE 802.11 stations (no IEEE 802.11e support) are present in the network. Simulation results show that IEEE 802.11e does not lose effectiveness in multi-hop mobile environments, though the existence of legacy stations in the MANET provokes a severe performance drop.
Protein Hydration during Generation of Coagulation Factor Xa in Aqueous Phase and on Phospholipid Membranes (1995)

The energetic contribution of protein solvation-desolvation reactions to generation of coagulation activated factor X (FXa) by the extrinsic pathway protease complex was determined using the technique of osmotic stress. The initial rate of FXa generation by limited proteolysis of human FX was measured in reaction mixtures with human tissue factor (TF) and factor VIIa (FVIIa) assembled either in aqueous phase or on phospholipid membranes. Osmotic stress was induced on the surface of reacting proteins with either polyethylene glycol, or dextran of 6000 and 500,000 molecular weight, respectively. These inert polymers are sterically excluded from the solvation shells of proteins and thus increase the water activity in the excluded spaces. The volume of water transferred either to or from the excluded spaces during formation of reaction intermediates was calculated from the ratio of change in free energy of activation with change in osmotic pressure, delta G*/delta II. For aqueous phase-assembled reactions, delta G* values decreased with delta II at ratios of -2.36 +/- 0.38 and -2.26 +/- 0.26 kcal/mol/atm for polyethylene glycol and dextran, respectively. These values correspond to 5488 +/- 883 and 5255 +/- 604 mol of water transferred from the reacting protein surfaces per mol of FXa generated. At a physiologic osmotic pressure of 7 atm the work of transfer corresponded to 16 kcal/mol, approximately 70% of delta G*. The observed osmotic effects were independent of the viscosity, temperature, and ionic strength of solutions. For reactions assembled on phospholipid membranes, delta G* increased with delta II at a ratio of 0.35 +/- 0.05 kcal/mol/atm, corresponding to 814 +/- 116 mol of water tansferred from bulk solution to protein surfaces. At physiologic osmotic pressure the work of transfer is 2.45 kcal/mol, approximately 12% of delta G*. Results indicate that for factor Xa generation in aqueous phase the work of desolvation is a significant component of the free energy of activation. Results also suggest that phospholipid membranes catalyze the reaction by reducing the desolvation component of the free energy of activation.