gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Treatment of renal artery stenosis with intra-arterial stents]. (1998)

In some patients with hypertension or renal insufficiency, renal artery stenosis can play a causative part. If fibromuscular dysplasia is the pathology of the stenosis, treatment of the stenosis by transluminal percutaneous renal angioplasty (TPRA) results in improvement of the concomitant hypertension in 80-90% of the patients. In case of atherosclerotic lesions 50% of the patients benefit by such treatment. In renal insufficiency TPRA of atherosclerotic lesions results in improvement of renal function in only one third of the patients. As restenosis and elastic recoil are seen as the prime determinants of this lack of success in atherosclerosis, intravascular stents were developed with the aim to accomplish a permanent dilation of the arterial lumen. In recent studies stent placement resulted in cure of high blood pressure in 0-16% of the patients and in improvement in 35-70%. The percentage of improvement must be viewed with caution because of the open design of these studies. Improvement of renal function was reported in 7-36% of the patients and worsening in 8-18%. Based on these outcomes stent placement in stenosed renal arteries should not be regarded as a routine clinical treatment.
Patch-fed planar dielectric slab waveguide Luneburg lens (2008)

The design of a patch-fed planar dielectric slab waveguide Luneburg lens weighing only 45 g and operated at 27 GHz in TM0 mode is described. The measured half-power beamwidth (HPBW) for a 10.8 λ, 12-cm diameter lens fed by a microstrip patch placed in intimate contact with the lens rim is 6.9° with 16.8 dB gain and 10% bandwidth for –10 dB feed return loss, lens cross-polar levels were below −20 dB. The lens is also capable of operating in the TE0 mode with similar radiation performance to that of the TM0 mode. Here, measured HPBW and gain is 8 and 15.5 dB at 27 GHz. Unlike other planar lens arrangements, because of its ability to handle both TM0 and TE0 modes the lens has the potential to deal with the circularly polarised signals, this aspect is also explored.
Penicillin-induced secretion of a soluble, uncrosslinked peptidoglycan by Micrococcus luteus cells (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPenicillin-induced secretion of a soluble, uncrosslinked peptidoglycan by Micrococcus luteus cellsDavid Mirelman, Rivka Bracha, and Nathan SharonCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 24, 5045–5053Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00721a028https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00721a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The pathway of the adaptive fermentation of galactose by yeast (1949)

Certain yeasts can ferment galactose by the formation of an adaptive 'galactozymase' when placed in aqueous solutions of galactose and in the apparent absence of cell division (Stephenson & Yudkin, 1936; Spiegelman, 1945). Thoughmuchworkhasbeen done on the mechanism of this adaptation (Spiegelman, 1947) little knowledge has so far been obtained concerning the actual enzymic changes involved or of the intermediates formed.
Pentaerythritol Derivatives. V.<sup>1</sup> Preparation of Diethers of Pentaerythritol by Reduction of Acetals and Ketals<sup>2</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPentaerythritol Derivatives. V.1 Preparation of Diethers of Pentaerythritol by Reduction of Acetals and Ketals2ABDUL-RAHMAN ABDUN-NUR and COSTAS H. ISSIDORIDESCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 1, 67–70Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01048a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01048a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views556Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Increased glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (1988)

To identify and characterize genes, the products of which play a role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, we constructed a complementary DNA (cDNA) library using mRNA from the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line HPAF, grown as a nude mouse tumor. Through differential screening, we identified a cDNA clone, pII5B, that is homologous to an mRNA expressed at significantly higher levels in HPAF cells than in normal human pancreas. The pII5B cDNA was homologous to the 3'-untranslated region of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, EC 1.2.1.12)mRNA. Partial sequencing of several HPAF tumor GAPDH cDNA clones revealed no significant differences from previously published GAPDH cDNA sequences. Increased levels of GAPDH mRNA, relative to actin mRNA levels, were found in six pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines and two nude mouse tumors, when compared to normal pancreas. Enolase and glucose transporter mRNA levels were also increased in HPAF cells and nude mouse tumor, suggesting a general increase in expression of genes associated with glycolysis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Levels of GAPDH protein were elevated in nude mouse tumors and fresh human pancreatic adenocarcinomas compared to normal pancreas. High GAPDH levels may be characteristic of human adenocarcinomas, since colon adenocarcinomas also exhibited high levels of GAPDH compared to normal colon.
Novel Phylogenetic Studies of Genomic Sequence Fragments Derived from Uncultured Microbe Mixtures in Environmental and Clinical Samples (2005)

A self-organizing map (SOM) was developed as a novel bioinformatics strategy for phylogenetic classification of sequence fragments obtained from pooled genome samples of uncultured microbes in environmental and clinical samples. This phylogenetic classification was possible without either orthologous sequence sets or sequence alignments. We first constructed SOMs for tetranucleotide frequencies in 210,000 5 kb sequence fragments obtained from 1502 prokaryotes for which at least 10 kb of genomic sequence has been deposited in public DNA databases. The sequences could be classified primarily according to phylogenetic groups without information regarding the species. We used the SOM method to classify sequence fragments derived from environmental samples of the Sargasso Sea and of an acidophilic biofilm growing in acid mine drainage. Phylogenetic diversity of the environmental sequences was effectively visualized on a single map. Sequences that were derived from a single genome but cloned independently could be reassociated in silico. G + C% has been used for a long period as a fundamental parameter for phylogenetic classification of microbes, but the G + C% is apparently too simple a parameter to differentiate a wide variety of known species. Oligonucleotide frequency can be used to distinguish the species because oligonucleotide frequencies vary significantly among their genomes.
Robust and Low Complexity Hybrid Beamforming for Uplink Multiuser MmWave MIMO Systems (2016)

In a millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, a large number of antennas can be placed into a very limited space. It is not practical to equip each antenna with one independent radio frequency (RF) chain. Fortunately, the hybrid analog/digital beamforming (HBF) can be utilized to greatly reduce the number of RF chains, while providing an acceptable performance. However, the conventional multiuser MIMO beamforming algorithms cannot be directly applied to the mmWave system with HBF structure. In this letter, based on the idea that interuser interference reduction should be done for both analog beamforming and digital beamforming, we propose a novel HBF algorithm for the uplink multiuser scenario, which has low computational complexity. Simulations indicate that the proposed algorithm performs very close to the full digital algorithm, and its robustness is verified by comparisons with other existing algorithms under two different channel assumptions.
The architecture of corporate information and news engine (2003)

The paper describes the architecture of a corporate information and news engine, providing an effective bass for analysis, selection, navigation, and presentation of large sets of dynamic corporate contents. We show that common text processing techniques, when combined in an appropriate way, can handle a variety of sources, including: e-mails, structured and unstructured documents from internal Web sites, files shared over the LAN, etc. The major factors the system takes into account in order to offer a fully automated data gathering and personalized presentation include: document recency, sender's authority, closeness to a pre-selected topic and the user's interests.
Ceramic materials: science and engineering (2007)

Introduction.- Some History.- What You Already Know.- Bonds and Energy Bonds.- Models, Crystals and Chemistry.- Binary Compounds.- Complex Crystal and Glass Structures.- Equilibrium Phase Diagrams.- Furnaces.- Characterizing Structure, Defects and Chemistry.- Point Defects, Charge and Diffusion.- Are Dislocations Unimportant?- Surfaces, Nanoparticles and Foams.- Interfaces in Polycrystals.- Phase Boundaries, Particles and Pores.- Mechanical Testing.- Deforming: Plastic.- Fracturing: Brittleness.- Raw Materials.- Powders, Fibers, Platelets and Composites.- Glass and Glass-Ceramics.- Gels, Sols and Organic Chemistry.- Sintering and Grain Growth.- Solid-State Phase Transformations and Reactions.- Processing Glass and Glass-Ceramics.- Coatings and Thick Films.- Thin Films and Vapor Deposition.- Growing Single Crystals.- Shaping and Forming.- Conducting Charge or Not.- Locally Redistributing Charge.- Interacting With and Generating Light.- Storing Data Using Magnetic Fields.- Responding to Temperature Changes.- Bioceramics and Biomimetics.- Minerals and Gems.- Industry and the Environment.
Learning Deep Representation from Big and Heterogeneous Data for Traffic Accident Inference (2016)

With the rapid development of urbanization and public transportation system, the number of traffic accidents have significantly increased globally over the past decades and become a big problem for human society. Facing these possible and unexpected traffic accidents, understanding what causes traffic accident and early alarms for some possible ones will play a critical role on planning effective traffic management. However, due to the lack of supported sensing data, research is very limited on the field of updating traffic accident risk in real-time. Therefore, in this paper, we collect big and heterogeneous data (7 months traffic accident data and 1.6 million users' GPS records) to understand how human mobility will affect traffic accident risk. By mining these data, we develop a deep model of Stack denoise Autoencoder to learn hierarchical feature representation of human mobility. And these features are used for efficient prediction of traffic accident risk level. Once the model has been trained, our model can simulate corresponding traffic accident risk map with given real-time input of human mobility. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of our model and suggest that traffic accident risk can be significantly more predictable through human mobility.
Widening the Definition of Environment for Responsible Urban Commuters (2002)

Few technologies are problems in themselves. Problems are generated by the interactions between social contexts and technologies. The car, used for urban driveronly commuting has become a serious problem. A comprehensive exploration of the car's biophysical contexts is accompanied by an examination of the social frameworks used to justify its inappropriate use for mass commuting. Socio-economic structures such as ownership are identified as problematic and a public transport levy in place of ticketing, as beneficial. Bike-rail is proposed as the appropriate commuting mode.
Strategies in relative and absolute quantitative mass spectrometry based proteomics (2017)

Quantitative mass spectrometry approaches are used for absolute and relative quantification in global proteome studies. To date, relative and absolute quantification techniques are available that differ in quantification accuracy, proteome coverage, complexity and robustness. This review focuses on most common relative or absolute quantification strategies exemplified by three experimental studies. A label-free relative quantification approach was performed for the investigation of the membrane proteome of sensory cilia to the depth of olfactory receptors in Mus musculus. A SILAC-based relative quantification approach was successfully applied for the identification of core components and transient interactors of the peroxisomal importomer in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Furthermore, AQUA using stable isotopes was exemplified to unraveling the prenylome influenced by novel prenyltransferase inhibitors. Characteristic enrichment and fragmentation strategies for a robust quantification of the prenylome are also summarized.
Rate constants for the reactions of the OH radical with NO2 (M=Ar and N2) and SO2 (M=Ar) (1976)

Absolute rate constants for the reactions OH+NO2+M→HNO3+M (M=Ar, N2) OH+SO2+M→HSO3+M (M=Ar) have been determined at 298°K, using a flash photolysis–resonance fluorescence technique. Rate constants k1 and k2 were determined over the pressure range 25–648 torr for M=Ar, while a rate constant for the first reaction was also obtained for M=N2 at 25 torr total pressure. The low pressure third order rate constants were determined to be k1(M=Ar) = (1.02±0.10) ×10−30 cm6 molecule−2⋅sec−1 and k2(M=Ar) = (1.64±0.33) ×10−31 cm6 molecule−2⋅sec−1, in reasonable agreement with the literature values. The bimolecular rate constants at 760 torr total pressure were determined to be kbi1= (5.9±0.7) ×10−12 cm3 molecule−1⋅sec−1 (M=Ar), kbi1= (6.4±1.0) ×10−12 cm3 molecule−1⋅sec−1 (M=N2), and kbi2= (6.7±0.7) ×10−13 cm3 molecule−1⋅sec−1 (M=Ar). Extrapolation of the data led to limiting high pressure second order constants of k∞1?8.5×10−12 cm3 molecule−1⋅sec−1 and k∞2?8.3×10−13 cm3 molecule−1⋅sec−1.
A random walk approach to quantum algorithms (2006)

The development of quantum algorithms based on quantum versions of random walks is placed in the context of the emerging field of quantum computing. Constructing a suitable quantum version of a random walk is not trivial; pure quantum dynamics is deterministic, so randomness only enters during the measurement phase, i.e. when converting the quantum information into classical information. The outcome of a quantum random walk is very different from the corresponding classical random walk owing to the interference between the different possible paths. The upshot is that quantum walkers find themselves further from their starting point than a classical walker on average, and this forms the basis of a quantum speed up, which can be exploited to solve problems faster. Surprisingly, the effect of making the walk slightly less than perfectly quantum can optimize the properties of the quantum walk for algorithmic applications. Looking to the future, even with a small quantum computer available, the development of quantum walk algorithms might proceed more rapidly than it has, especially for solving real problems.
Automatically repairing broken workflows for evolving GUI applications (2013)

A workflow is a sequence of UI actions to complete a specific task. In the course of a GUI application's evolution, changes ranging from a simple GUI refactoring to a complete rearchitecture can break an end-user's well-established workflow. It can be challenging to find a replacement workflow. To address this problem, we present a technique (and its tool implementation, called FlowFixer) that repairs a broken workflow. FlowFixer uses dynamic profiling, static analysis, and random testing to suggest a replacement UI action that fixes a broken workflow.
Molecular probe for typing strains of Candida albicans (1996)

A method for separating strains of Candida albicans into nine possible groups was devised by using a cDNA probe for enolase and Southern blot analysis. Twenty-three isolates of C. albicans were found to be distributed among eight of the groups. Fifteen isolates from a single hospital segregated into four of the groups.
TpF1 from <i>Treponema pallidum</i> Activates Inflammasome and Promotes the Development of Regulatory T Cells (2011)

Human syphilis is a multistage disease, with diverse and wide-ranging manifestations caused by Treponema pallidum. Despite the fact that a cell-mediated immune response takes part in the course of syphilis, T. pallidum often manages to evade host immunity and, in untreated individuals, may trigger chronic infection. With this study, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that Treponema pallidum induces a regulatory T (Treg) response in patients with secondary syphilis and we found that the miniferritin TpF1, produced by the bacterium, is able to expand this response and promote the production of TGF-β. Accordingly, TpF1 stimulates monocytes to release IL-10 and TGF-β, the key cytokines in driving Treg cell differentiation. Interestingly, we also found that TpF1 stimulates monocytes to synthesize and release several proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, the latter following the activation of the multiprotein complex inflammasome. Collectively, these data strongly support a central role for TpF1 both in the inflammation process, which occurs in particular during the early stage of syphilis, and in the long-term persistence of the spirochete within the host by promoting Treg response and TGF-β production.
[Biomicrocapsule membrane for cell and tissue transplantation]. (2000)

Biomicrocapsules are feasible tools for cells immune-transplantation.
A Synthesis of Substituted Pyrans (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of Substituted PyransPaul H. Williams, George G. Ecke, and Seaver A. BallardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 12, 5738–5743Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01168a098https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01168a098research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thickness dependence study of inorganic CdTe/CdSe solar cells fabricated from colloidal nanoparticle solutions (2010)

The thickness dependence of cadmium telluride/cadmium selenide (CdTe/CdSe) heterojunctions is studied in order to maximize the performance of solar cells. The best overall performance of 3.02% efficiency at air mass 1.5 was achieved from a device with 300 nanometers (nm) of sintered CdTe and 100 nm CdSe, using indium tin oxide and evaporated aluminum as the electrodes. In contrast to thin film CdTe solar cells, the power efficiency was strongly dependent on the thickness of the nanoparticle layer, indicating that the device efficiency is limited by charge transport.
Mapping the NFT revolution: market trends, trade networks and visual features (2021)

Non Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are digital assets that represent objects like art, collectible, and in-game items. They are traded online, often with cryptocurrency, and are generally encoded within smart contracts on a blockchain. Public attention towards NFTs has exploded in 2021, when their market has experienced record sales, but little is known about the overall structure and evolution of its market. Here, we analyse data concerning 6.1 million trades of 4.7 million NFTs between June 23, 2017 and April 27, 2021, obtained primarily from Ethereum and WAX blockchains. First, we characterize statistical properties of the market. Second, we build the network of interactions, show that traders typically specialize on NFTs associated with similar objects and form tight clusters with other traders that exchange the same kind of objects. Third, we cluster objects associated to NFTs according to their visual features and show that collections contain visually homogeneous objects. Finally, we investigate the predictability of NFT sales using simple machine learning algorithms and find that sale history and, secondarily, visual features are good predictors for price. We anticipate that these findings will stimulate further research on NFT production, adoption, and trading in different contexts.
A review of oscillating water columns (2011)

This paper considers the history of oscillating water column (OWC) systems from whistling buoys to grid-connected power generation systems. The power conversion from the wave resource through to electricity via pneumatic and shaft power is discussed in general terms and with specific reference to Voith Hydro Wavegen's land installed marine energy transformer (LIMPET) plant on the Scottish island of Islay and OWC breakwater systems. A report on the progress of other OWC systems and power take-off units under commercial development is given, and the particular challenges faced by OWC developers reviewed.