gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Terpene Alcohol Esters by Lipase (1980)

Journal Article Synthesis of Terpene Alcohol Esters by Lipase Get access Mieko Iwai, Mieko Iwai Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Susumu Okumura, Susumu Okumura Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshio Tsujisaka Yoshio Tsujisaka Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 44, Issue 11, 1 November 1980, Pages 2731–2732, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1980.10864395 Published: 01 November 1980 Article history Received: 26 March 1980 Published: 01 November 1980
Competitive Ligand‐Binding Assays for the Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Assay Platforms for Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies Competitive Ligand-Binding Assays Based on Electrochemiluminescence Detection Comparative Analysis of Performance of Cell-Based Bioassays and Non-Cell-Based Competitive Ligand-Binding Assays Summary Acknowledgments References
Introducing Versioning-Based Software Online Upgrade Framework over a Peer-to-Peer Network (2015)

Speed and trend in the software evolution demand the more flexible and available software. For the large-scale software, the availability and automation of current software online upgrade approach is not ideal, which brings the managers much work to maintain all the versions of software. In this paper, we introduce the versioning-based software online upgrade framework (VSOUF) over BitTorrent-like Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network. The distributed hash table (DHT) layer and version control (VC) layer is the core of this framework. Software clients can carry out initializing and upgrading by the atomic operations of a version control. Borrowing from P2P, we weave the distributed hash table (DHT) algorithm to speed up the download rate of a version control so that this framework will not crash under the failure of a single node. Finally, experiments have showed the high performance and availability of the proposed framework.
Phase I evaluation of all-trans retinoic acid with and without ketoconazole in adults with solid tumors. (1995)

Ketoconazole does not appear to maintain adequate plasma all-trans RA levels over time.
High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films (2015)

We demonstrate high-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) fabricated from MoSi thin-films. We measure a maximum system detection efficiency (SDE) of 87 +- 0.5 % at 1542 nm at a temperature of 0.7 K, with a jitter of 76 ps, maximum count rate approaching 10 MHz, and polarization dependence as low as 3.4 +- 0.7 % The SDE curves show saturation of the internal efficiency similar to WSi-based SNSPDs at temperatures as high as 2.3 K. We show that at similar cryogenic temperatures, MoSi SNSPDs achieve efficiencies comparable to WSi-based SNSPDs with nearly a factor of two reduction in jitter.
The effect of glycerol-containing peritoneal dialysis fluid on peritoneal macrophage function in vivo. (1991)

Though glucose is universally applied as osmotic agent in CAPD, there is great interest in the use of alternative osmotic agents. Glycerol-containing peritoneal dialysis fluids (G-PDF) have been used in an attempt to minimize the metabolic effects of long-term exposure to glucose, especially in patients with diabetes. Since data were lacking, we studied the effect of G-PDF on peritoneal macrophage (PMO) function. In a randomized cross-over setting eight stable diabetic CAPD patients performed the third and fourth exchange of the day with either G-PDF or with glucose-containing PDF (D-PDF) of comparable osmolality. The next day the patients who had used G-PDF were switched to D-PDF and vice versa. PMO were isolated from the effluents and tested for their phagocytic capacity and chemiluminescence response. No differences were encountered in total and differential white cell counts between G-PDF and D-PDF effluents. PMO phagocytic capacity for both S. epidermidis (SE) and E. coli (EC) was significantly depressed after the instillation of G-PDF as compared to D-PDF (SE: 52 +/- 2.7 vs 69 +/- 5.0%, p less than 0.02, and EC: 44 +/- 5.7 vs 63 +/- 6.7%, p less than 0.02). The same held true for peak chemiluminescence response (5.3 +/- 1.36 vs 7.2 +/- 1.43% of control cells, p less than 0.005). Thus, G-PDF may compromise PMO function in vivo more than D-PDF despite its more favourable metabolic profile as compared to D-PDF for diabetic patients.
Stable, high-performance, dendrite-free, seawater-based aqueous batteries (2021)

Metal anode instability, including dendrite growth, metal corrosion, and hetero-ions interference, occurring at the electrolyte/electrode interface of aqueous batteries, are among the most critical issues hindering their widespread use in energy storage. Herein, a universal strategy is proposed to overcome the anode instability issues by rationally designing alloyed materials, using Zn-M alloys as model systems (M = Mn and other transition metals). An in-situ optical visualization coupled with finite element analysis is utilized to mimic actual electrochemical environments analogous to the actual aqueous batteries and analyze the complex electrochemical behaviors. The Zn-Mn alloy anodes achieved stability over thousands of cycles even under harsh electrochemical conditions, including testing in seawater-based aqueous electrolytes and using a high current density of 80 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. The proposed design strategy and the in-situ visualization protocol for the observation of dendrite growth set up a new milestone in developing durable electrodes for aqueous batteries and beyond.
Distance-dependent Hückel-type model for the study of sodium clusters (1992)

A distance-dependent extension of the H\"uckel model is proposed and applied to sodium clusters. It consists primarily of a two-band monoelectronic formulation expressed in an s+p basis set. The s+p Hamiltonian is reduced into an s-only Hamiltonian by means of quasidegenerate perturbation theory, with the p band treated perturbatively. The parametrization is taken from accurate calculations of ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{Na}}_{4}$. This formulation allows a very quick determination of the potential-energy surfaces, and the use of the Monte Carlo simulated-annealing technique for determining the stable isomers of clusters. For the smallest clusters (${\mathrm{Na}}_{3}$--${\mathrm{Na}}_{8}$), the model provides stabilities and geometries in very good agreement with previous studies involving more sophisticated calculations (ab initio configuration-interaction or density-functional theory). Optimization results without constraint are also presented for clusters in the range ${\mathrm{Na}}_{9}$--${\mathrm{Na}}_{19}$. Larger clusters in the range ${\mathrm{Na}}_{55}$--${\mathrm{Na}}_{561}$ are examined with restricted symmetry constraints (icosahedra, cuboctahedra, and cubic clusters). Beyond n=147, the cuboctahedral structure is preferred.
WO<sub>3−<i>x</i></sub>/MoO<sub>3−<i>x</i></sub> Core/Shell Nanowires on Carbon Fabric as an Anode for All‐Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors (2012)

Flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are fabricated from a novel anode – WO3–x/MoO3–x core/shell nanowires on carbon fabric – and a polyaniline cathode (figure). In addition to the high electrochemical performance of the devices, other characteristics, such as low toxicity, flexibility, environmental compatibility, light weight, and low requirements for packaging, make the all-solid-state ASCs potential candidates for applications in energy storage, flexible electronics, and other consumer electronics.
Multichannel signal processing methods for ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (2003)

Ultrasonic inspection methods are commonly used in the nondestructive evaluation of welds to detect flaws in the weld region. An important characteristic of ultrasonic inspection is the ability to identify the type of discontinuity that gives rise to a particular signal. Standard techniques rely on differences in individual A-scans to classify the signals. This paper proposes an ultrasonic signal classification technique based on the information in a group of signals. The approach is based on a 2-dimensional transform and principal component analysis, for generating a reduced dimensional feature vector for classification. Results of applying the technique to data obtained from the inspection of welds are presented.
Discovery of a Potent and Selective FLT3 Inhibitor (<i>Z</i>)-<i>N</i>-(5-((5-Fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)methyl)-4-methyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrrol-3-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide with Improved Drug-like Properties and Superior Efficacy in FLT3-ITD-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2021)

Overcoming the FLT3-ITD mutant has been a promising drug design strategy for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Herein, we discovered a novel FLT3 inhibitor <b>17</b>, which displayed potent inhibitory activity against the FLT3-ITD mutant (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.8 nM) and achieved good selectivity over c-KIT kinase (over 500-fold). Compound <b>17</b> selectively inhibited the proliferation of FLT3-ITD-positive AML cell lines MV4-11 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 23.5 nM) and MOLM-13 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 35.5 nM) and exhibited potent inhibitory effects against associated acquired resistance mutations. In cellular mechanism studies, compound <b>17</b> strongly inhibited FLT3-mediated signaling pathways and induced apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle in the sub-G1 phase. In in vivo studies, compound <b>17</b> demonstrated a good bioavailability (73.6%) and significantly suppressed tumor growth in MV4-11 (10 mg/kg, TGI 93.4%) and MOLM-13 (20 mg/kg, TGI 98.0%) xenograft models without exhibiting obvious toxicity. These results suggested that compound <b>17</b> may be a promising drug candidate for treating FLT3-ITD-positive AML.
An enhanced reconstruction algorithm to extend CT scan field‐of‐view with z‐axis consistency constraint (2012)

The proposed algorithm is capable of suppressing boundary artifacts and improving the CT number uniformity outside the SFOV.
Micro propulsion in liquid by oscillating bubbles (2013)

This paper presents a micro propelling mechanism that may be possibly used to propel a micro medibot (medical robot) that can swim inside of animal/human bodies. A key contribution of this work is that, to our best knowledge, for the first time we microfabricate micro propelling devices based on bubble oscillation and prove the propelling mechanism in micro scale. The measured propelling speed is up to 45 mm/s and the generated propelling force is estimated to be up to 6 μN, which is strong enough not only to propel the propelling device itself but also to carry a large attached object of even several millimeters.
A connectionist model of conceptual representation (1989)

A description is given of a connectionist architecture for modeling conceptual representation. Connectionist structures for capturing property-value bindings, conceptual aspects, scalar properties, property abstraction and inheritance, and category error detection are described. With these structures, the system known as DIFICIL (Direct Inferences and Figurative Interpretation in a Connectonist Implementation of Language comprehension) is able to perform direct inferences, both immediate and mediated, and interpret both literal and figurative adjective-noun combinations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Single-Chip Boost Converter Using Monolithically Integrated AlGaN/GaN Lateral Field-Effect Rectifier and Normally Off HEMT (2009)

We demonstrate a single-chip switch-mode boost converter that features a monolithically integrated lateral field-effect rectifier (L-FER) and a normally off transistor switch. The circuit was fabricated on a standard AlGaN/GaN HEMT epitaxial wafer grown with GaN-on-Si technology. The fabricated rectifier with a drift length of 15 mum exhibits a breakdown voltage of 470 V, a turn-on voltage of 0.58 V, and a specific on-resistance of 2.04 mOmegaldrcm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The L-FER exhibits no reverse recovery current associated with the turn-off transient because of its unipolar nature. A prototype of GaN-based boost converter that includes monolithically integrated rectifiers and transistors is demonstrated using conventional GaN-on-Si wafers for the first time to prove the feasibility of the GaN-based power IC technology.
Transient expression of maize anthocyanin regulatory genes influences anthocyanin production in white clover and peas (1998)

Transient expression of the maize anthocyanin regulatory genes, B-Peru and C1 , was examined in maize cell suspensions, and in pea and white clover tissues in order to determine if these maize regulators can function in legume tissues. Optimal ratios and amounts of B-Peru and C1 genes for anthocyanin production were determined in maize cell suspensions. Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in legume tissues was observed following expression of the B-Peru and C1 genes, delivered in the pre-determined optimal ratio and amounts by microparticle bombardment. Tissue-specific expression of these genes was observed in the legumes tested and the exact sites of anthocyanin expression in pea depended on the cultivar tested. Maize anthocyanin regulatory genes can activate anthocyanin biosynthesis in legume tissues, but appear to be subject to tissue specific controls. Three of the four varieties of pea tested were able to accumulate anthocyanin when the B-Peru coding region alone was biolistically expressed.
Animal models of demyelination (1996)

In the past year, animal studies on central nervous system demyelination have focused on therapeutic strategies and the functional characterization of T-cells, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. Significant progress has been realized in the treatment of animals with experimentally induced demyelinating disease using glial cell transplants, autoantibodies, cytokines, growth factors, and by inhibiting adhesion molecules and cytokines. In this review, we summarize the important contributions made in those respective areas.
In Vivo Pharmacology of Ro 46-2005, The First Synthetic Nonpeptide Endothelin Receptor Antagonist: Implications for Endothelin Physiology (1993)

Ro 46-2005 is a small-molecular-weight nonpeptide antagonist of the endothelin (ET), ETA and ETB receptors, chemically derived from a class of compounds identified by systematic screening of chemicals. In vivo, Ro 46-2005 inhibited the depressor and, only at high doses (100 mg/kg i.v.) the pressor effect of ET-1. However, much lower doses (1 to 10 mg/kg i.v.) were sufficient to inhibit the pressor effect of the precursor big ET-1. As intravenous big ET-1 injection potentially reproduces better than ET-1 injection the physiological pattern of release of ET-1, we propose that intravenous big ET-1 should be used to evaluate the effects of antagonists on the constricting endothelin receptors.
Radar pulse-compression by random phase-coding (1968)

Integrated-circuit binary shift registers are used to realize the matched-filter to randomly coded radar signals. The system exploits the favourable range side-lobe properties of randomly changing binary codes to achieve pulse compression ratios greater than those obtainable with fixed coding schemes. The output noise distribution, signal/noise ratio, range resolution characteristics, range side-lobes and range ambiguities, and Doppler response of such a radar system are discussed.
Differential Sensitivity to Central Leptin and Insulin in Male and Female Rats (2003)

The distribution of fat in the body differs between the male and female sexes and is associated with the relative secretion of the two "adiposity" hormones leptin and insulin. We now report that the brains of male and female rats are differentially sensitive to the catabolic actions of small doses of these two hormones. Leptin (1 or 3.5 microg/2 microl) or saline (2 microl) was administered into the third cerebral ventricle of age- and weight-matched male and female rats. Leptin significantly reduced food intake in female and male rats over 4 h; however, leptin reduced 24-h intake in female but not in male rats. When the same rats were administered insulin (1 or 4 mU/2 microl) or saline (2 microl), male but not female rats had a robust reduction in food intake over 24 h. Previous research demonstrates the melanocortins are a central mediator of the effects of both leptin and insulin. However, we found no sex differences in sensitivity to the melanocortin agonist MTII (0.01, 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 nmol/2 microl). These results suggest that the sex differences in sensitivity to leptin and insulin at the doses that we injected occur upstream of the melanocortin receptors. Because insulin and leptin reflect different fat beds and are differentially distributed in the male and female sexes, the implication is that the male and female sexes regulate adiposity-relevant parameters differently.
Inclusion Complex Formation between α,γ-Cyclodextrins and a Triblock Copolymer and the Cyclodextrin-Type-Dependent Microphase Structures of Their Coalesced Samples (2002)

A triblock copolymer (PCL−PPG−PCL, Mn = 1.38 × 104) of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Cyclodextrin (CD)-type-dependent formation of inclusion complexes (ICs) between cyclodextrins and this triblock copolymer was studied. Only PCL blocks were included as guests in the IC formed with α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), while both PCL and PPG blocks were included in the IC formed with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD). As a result, the copolymer coalesced from its IC crystals with α-CD showed an increased crystallinity, while to the contrary, the copolymer coalesced from its IC crystals with γ-CD exhibited a decreased crystallinity, when both were compared to the as-synthesized triblock copolymer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, 13C CP/MAS solid-state NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements were employed to study the formation of ICs as well as to gauge the microphase separation in the coalesced samples.
Characterization of p53 Wild-Type and Null Isogenic Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Resistant to 5-Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin, and Irinotecan (2004)

To elucidate mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapies currently used in the first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, we have developed a panel of HCT116 p53 wild-type (p53(+/+)) and null (p53(-/-)) isogenic colorectal cancer cell lines resistant to the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (CPT-11), and DNA-damaging agent oxaliplatin. These cell lines were generated by repeated exposure to stepwise increasing concentrations of each drug over a period of several months. We have demonstrated a significant decrease in sensitivity to 5-FU, CPT-11, and oxaliplatin in each respective resistant cell line relative to the parental line as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide analysis, with increases in IC(50 (72 h)) concentrations ranging from 3- to 65-fold. Using flow cytometry, we have also demonstrated compromised apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in 5-FU-, oxaliplatin-, and CPT-11-resistant cell lines compared with the parental lines after exposure to each drug. In addition, we found that resistance to 5-FU and oxaliplatin was higher in parental p53(-/-) cells compared with parental p53(+/+) cells, with an approximately 5-fold increase in IC(50 (72 h)) for each drug. In contrast, the IC(50 (72 h)) doses for CPT-11 were identical in the p53 wild-type and null cell lines. Furthermore, apoptosis after treatment with 5-FU and oxaliplatin, but not CPT-11, was significantly reduced in parental p53(-/-) cells compared with parental p53(+/+) cells. These data suggest that p53 may be an important determinant of sensitivity to 5-FU and oxaliplatin but not CPT-11. Using semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR, we have demonstrated down-regulation of thymidine phosphorylase mRNA in both p53(+/+) and p53(-/-) 5-FU-resistant cells, suggesting that decreased production of 5-FU active metabolites may be an important resistance mechanism in these lines. In oxaliplatin-resistant cells, we noted increased mRNA levels of the nucleotide excision repair gene ERCC1 and ATP-binding cassette transporter breast cancer resistance protein. In CPT-11-resistant cells, we found reduced mRNA levels of carboxylesterase, the enzyme responsible for converting CPT-11 to its active metabolite SN-38, and topoisomerase I, the SN-38 target enzyme. In addition, we noted overexpression of breast cancer resistance protein in the CPT-11-resistant lines. These cell lines are ideal tools with which to identify novel determinants of drug resistance in both the presence and absence of wild-type p53.
RNA-Regulated Interaction of Transportin-1 and Exportin-5 with the Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Domain Regulates Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of ADAR1 (2009)

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding proteins interact with substrate RNAs via dsRNA-binding domains (dsRBDs). Several proteins harboring these domains exhibit nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and possibly remain associated with their substrate RNAs bound in the nucleus during nuclear export. In the human RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1-c, the nuclear localization signal overlaps the third dsRBD, while the corresponding import factor is unknown. The protein also lacks a clear nuclear export signal but shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Here we identify transportin-1 as the import receptor for ADAR1. Interestingly, dsRNA binding interferes with transportin-1 binding. At the same time, each of the dsRBDs in ADAR1 interacts with the export factor exportin-5. RNA binding stimulates this interaction but is not a prerequisite. Thus, our data demonstrate a role for some dsRBDs as RNA-sensitive nucleocytoplasmic transport signals. dsRBD3 in ADAR1 can mediate nuclear import, while interaction of all dsRBDs might control nuclear export. This finding may have implications for other proteins containing dsRBDs and suggests a selective nuclear export mechanism for substrates interacting with these proteins.
Evaluation of quantization error in computer vision (2003)

The authors develop the mathematical tools for the computation of the average error due to quantization. They can be used in estimating the actual error occurring in the implementation of a method. Also derived is the analytic expression for the probability density of error distribution of a function of an arbitrarily large number of independently quantized variables. The probability of the error of the function to be within a given range can thus be obtained accurately. In analyzing the applicability of an approach; it is necessary to determine whether the approach is capable of withstanding the quantization error. If it is not, then regardless of the accuracy with which the experiments are carried out, the approach will yield unacceptable results. The tools developed can be used in the analysis of the applicability of a given algorithm, hence revealing the intrinsic limitations of the approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>