gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NAD<sup>+</sup>-specific glutamate dehydrogenase of <i>Neurospora crassa</i>: cloning, complete nucleotide sequence, and gene mapping (1993)

The NAD(+)-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD-GDH) of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is a tetrameric enzyme, regulated by catabolite repression. The amino acid sequence of this enzyme had been published several years ago. With the object of investigating the molecular mechanism of catabolite repression, the nucleotide sequence of genomic clones containing the coding region, along with 5'- and 3'-flanking noncoding segments of the NAD-GDH transcription unit, was obtained. The gdh structural gene was shown to code for a polypeptide of 1047 residues, with a calculated molecular mass of 118,280 daltons. The coding sequence is interrupted by two short introns located close to the N- and C-terminal domains of the polypeptide. Consensus intron boundaries and internal splice sequences resemble closely those of other N. crassa genes. A comparison of the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence with the previously published sequence showed several discrepancies between the two. Nucleotide sequence corresponding to a gap in the amino acid sequence was located in the genomic clone. Genetic mapping by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis localized the gdh gene close to the loci trp-1 and con-7 on the right arm of linkage group III.
Purification and Properties of <scp>l</scp> -Alanine Dehydrogenase from <i>Desulfovibrio desulfuricans</i> (1968)

The l-alanine dehydrogenase from cell-free extracts of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was purified approximately 56-fold. The Michaelis constants for the substrates of the amination reaction and the pH optima for the reactions catalyzed by this enzyme closely agree with those reported for other l-alanine dehydrogenases. Pyruvate was found to inhibit the amination reaction. The enzyme was absolutely specific for l-alanine and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Its sensitivity to para-chloromecuribenzoate suggests that sulfhydryl groups may be necessary for enzymatic activity. These extracts also contained a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-specific glutamic dehydrogenase which was separated from the l-alanine dehydrogenase during purification.
Silica Gel Nanotubes Obtained by the Sol-Gel Method (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilica Gel Nanotubes Obtained by the Sol-Gel MethodHidenori Nakamura and Yasushi MatsuiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 9, 2651–2652Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00114a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00114a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2919Altmetric-Citations265LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Long-wavelength-range laser diode using GaInNAs (1997)

We propose a novel material: GaInNAs. It can be formed on a GaAs substrate, and has a bandgap energy suitable for long- wavelength-range laser diodes. The band lineup is ideal for preventing electron overflow. Therefore, applying GaInNAs to long-wavelength-range laser diodes is expected to result in excellent high-temperature performance. We have succeeded in demonstrating continuous-wave operation of GaInNAs/GaAs single quantum well laser diodes at room temperature. The threshold current density was about 1.4 kA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. The lasing wavelength was about 1.2 micrometers . We have measured some characteristic parameters of the GaInNAs laser diode under pulsed operation. A high characteristic temperature (T<SUB>0</SUB>) of 127 K and a small wavelength shift per ambient temperature change of 0.48 nm/ degree(s)C were obtained. The experimental results indicate the applicability of GaInNAs to long-wavelength-range laser diodes with excellent high- temperature performance.
Autotuning techniques for digitally-controlled point-of-load converters with wide range of capacitive loads (2007)

This paper addresses auto-tuning of digital controllers for point-of-load (POL) switching converters with wide range of capacitive loads. Two auto-tuning methods are considered with particular attention given to robustness and feasibility. The first method is derived from the well known relay-feedback autotuning technique, where specific frequencies are excited to gain information on the power stage. In the second, system-identification based method, compensator parameters are computed based on on-line identification of the power stage frequency response. The tuning techniques proposed in this paper have been specifically developed to handle wide capacitance and ESR range, and important extensions of the basic algorithms are implemented in order to face practical issues such as limit cycling conditions, output voltage tolerance specification, closed-loop bandwidth maximization and phase margin constraints. Simulation and experimental results on a 12-to-1.5 V, 9 A, 200 kHz POL converter are provided to show the effectiveness and to compare the considered techniques.
<title>Packaging of electronics for on- and off-FPA signal processing</title> (1990)

The process for manufacturing parallel processors using Z-plane technology is described along with the interconnectivity achievable for parallel processors. A thermal analysis performed on a typical module using the NASA SINDA model is shown. The Z-plane packaging technology producibility and reworkability are addressed.© (1990) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Overexpression of nuclear distribution protein (<scp>hNUDC</scp>) causes pro‐apoptosis and differentiation in Dami megakaryocytes (2013)

Functional studies using adenovirus-mediated hNUDC overexpression led to inhibition of megakaryocyte proliferation via cell cycle arrest in G2/M transition phase. This process could have been be mediated by upregulation of p21 and downregulation of its downstream targets, including cyclin B1, cyclin B2 and c-myc. Enhanced apoptosis in turn ensued, characterized by increased caspase-3 activation, upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax and downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Furthermore, hNUDC overexpression elevated the level of megakaryocyte maturation, associated with increased polyploidy, cell morphological changes and increased expression of cell surface differentiation markers, including CD10, CD44, CD41 and CD61. Our results further suggest that the ERK signalling pathway was involved in hNUDC overexpression-induced apoptosis. Taken together, this study provides experimental evidence for overexpression of hNUDC in Dami cells and suggests that activation of apoptotic machinery may be involved in megakaryocytic differentiation.
Disruption of TGF-β Signaling Prevents the Generation of Tumor-Sensitized Regulatory T Cells and Facilitates Therapeutic Antitumor Immunity (2009)

Regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a major roadblock to the induction of antitumor immunity through vaccine approaches. TGF-beta is a cytokine implicated in the generation and maintenance of Treg cells, as well as in their suppressive function. These experiments examined whether the generation of tumor-sensitized Treg cells was TGF-beta dependent and evaluated whether TGF-beta produced by Treg cells blocked the priming of tumor-specific T cells in vaccinated reconstituted lymphopenic mice. We show that tumor-sensitized Treg cells (CD25(+)/FoxP3(+)) obtained from tumor-bearing mice block the generation of tumor-specific T cells in reconstituted lymphopenic mice. Strikingly, this suppression is absent if tumor-sensitized Treg cells are acquired from tumor-bearing mice expressing the dominant-negative TGFbetaRII in T cells. This loss of suppression was a result of the crucial role of TGF-beta in generating tumor-sensitized Treg cells, and not due to the insensitivity of naive or tumor-primed effector T cells to the direct suppressive influence of TGF-beta. We conclude that blocking TGF-beta in a tumor-bearing host can inhibit the induction of highly suppressive tumor-sensitized Treg cells. These data suggest that an integrative strategy combining "up-front" Treg cell ablation followed by vaccination and TGF-beta blockade may limit generation of new tumor-sensitized Treg cells and improve the generation of therapeutic immune responses in patients with cancer.
Polarization of the Light Output from a Ruby Optical Maser (1964)

There is some uncertainty concerning the extent to which the light emitted by a ruby optical maser is polarized. Seven rubies were cut from the same boule but with different orientations. The polarization of the output was studied using an optical system and quartz biprism designed by Courtney-Pratt. The observed behavior may be specific to these particular crystals, but the study showed: 1. Polarization decreased with the angle between the C axis and the rod axis. 2. The light from a 0° ruby rod was polarized. At energies well above threshold there were found to be two planes of polarization mutually at right angles (in different parts of the crystal). 3. Although for each of the other crystals there existed a mean plane of polarization, there was some variation about this mean for light from different regions of the crystal. The variation was most pronounced in the low-angle crystals. 4. Light which was completely polarized was emitted by a relatively small area of the transmission face of the crystal. Light from remaining areas was unpolarized. 5. Light from the 90° crystal was completely plane polarized at the start of a run. The plane of polarization could be related to a simple pattern of emission on the crystal face. At the end of the run, the pattern had become complex and a high percentage of unpolarized light was present in the beam. 6. In all the crystals examined the amount of polarized light decreased with increasing pumping energy.
Regulation of Human Carbonyl Reductase 3 (CBR3; SDR21C2) Expression by Nrf2 in Cultured Cancer Cells (2010)

Carbonyl reduction is a central metabolic process that controls the level of key regulatory molecules as well as xenobiotics. Carbonyl reductase 3 (CBR3; SDR21C2), a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily, has been poorly characterized so far, and the regulation of its expression is a complete mystery. Here, we show that CBR3 expression is regulated via Nrf2, a key regulator in response to oxidative stress. In human cancer cell lines, CBR3 mRNA was expressed differentially, ranging from very high (A549, lung) to very low (HT-29, colon; HepG2, liver) levels. CBR3 protein was highly expressed in SW-480 (colon) cells but was absent in HCT116 (colon) and HepG2 cells. CBR3 mRNA could be induced in HT-29 cells by Nrf2 agonists [sulforaphane (SUL, 7-fold) and diethyl maleate (DEM, 4-fold)] or hormone receptor ligand Z-guggulsterone (5-fold). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist B[k]F failed to induce CBR3 mRNA after incubation for 8 h but elevated CBR3 levels after 24 h, most likely mediated by B[k]F metabolites that can activate Nrf2 signaling. Inhibition of Nrf2-activating upstream kinase MEK/ERK by PD98059 weakened DEM-mediated induction of CBR3 mRNA. Proteasome inhibitors MG-132 (5 μM) and bortezomib (50 nM) dramatically increased the level of CBR3 mRNA, obviously because of the increase in the level of Nrf2 protein. While siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nrf2 led to a decrease in the level of CBR3 mRNA in A549 cells (30% of control), Keap1 knockdown increased the level of CBR3 mRNA expression in HepG2 (9.3-fold) and HT-29 (2.7-fold) cells. Here, we provide for the first time evidence that human CBR3 is a new member of the Nrf2 gene battery.
Propofol Infusion and the Potential Use of Propofol Patient-Controlled Sedation (PCS) in Terminally 111 Patients (2006)

Sedation in end-of-life care is an accepted, but nonetheless controversial, means of providing relief from otherwise refractory and intolerable symptoms and distress. For purposes of this article, the terms ‘palliative sedation’ and ‘patient-controlled palliative sedation’ (PCS) will be used to describe clinician-controlled or patient-controlled drug delivery. Ideally, therapy should improve symptoms without unfavorably affecting the patient's level of perception or capacity to communicate with friends and family members. Benzodiazepines, opioids, and certain neuroleptics have been used for palliative sedation with variable success and satisfaction rates. Propofol is a sedative-anesthetic with unique pharmacological properties which may prove highly desirable for use in selected terminally ill patients. There are few case reports and studies about using propofol as a continuous infusion for palliative sedation. Propofol-PCS has been used for sedation in certain surgical procedures in both young and elderly patients; however, its use in terminally ill patients has not been described. The authors postulate that propofol PCS may offer potential benefits for use in various situations at certain stages during terminal sedation.
Transient Selection of A Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase Gene Mutant Associated With A Decreased Replication Capacity and Famciclovir Resistance (1999)

Prolonged therapy for chronic hepatitis B (HBV) with nucleoside analogs may result in the emergence of HBV mutants resistant to antivirals. Here, we describe the transient selection of an HBV polymerase gene mutant that was associated with viral persistence in an immune competent patient treated with famciclovir. Viral polymerase gene sequence was analyzed directly on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and also after cloning. The results showed the transient selection of a V542I mutant in the C domain of the viral polymerase. This mutation was associated with a stop codon at amino acid position 199 in the overlapping S gene. The mutated sequence was subcloned in a vector expressing the entire HBV pregenome to study its replication capacity after transient transfection in cultured hepatoma cells. The results showed that the V542I mutant has a decreased replication capacity compared with wild type virus and does not produce HBsAg. The sensitivity of the V542I mutant to penciclovir, the active metabolite of famciclovir, was further studied in tissue culture. This mutant was shown to be resistant to penciclovir, but remained sensitive to lamivudine, as was subsequently observed in vivo . These findings indicate that a prolonged administration of famciclovir may allow for the selection of HBV polymerase gene mutants in immune competent patients. The impaired replication capacity of this V542I mutant may have contributed to the absence of outgrowth of this viral strain in vivo . The study of the in vitro sensitivity of HBV polymerase mutants to nucleoside analogs will be important to design new anti–HBV strategies.(Hepatology 1999;29:230–237.)
Electronically directed "focal" stereo (2002)

A key to developing computationally efficient stereo vision is the incorporation of intelligent control. Stereo is most effective when it is able to "focus" its analysis on regions and details of a scene that are important to the task at hand, while avoiding less important regions and unnecessary detail. The paper describes two methods for electronically "focusing" stereo measurement through simple image pre-processing. The first allows measurement sensitivity to be adjusted. The second allows the shape of the 3D region in which measurements are gathered to be matched to the shape of surfaces in the scene.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthetic Methods and Reactions; 110<sup>1</sup>. Fluorination of 1-Haloadamantanes and -diamantane with Nitronium Tetrafluoroborate/Pyridine Polyhydrogen Fluoride or Sodium Nitrate/Pyridine Polyhydrogen Fluoride (1983)

On prepare facilement le fluoro-1 adamantane a partir des halogenoadamantanes correspondants. Dans le cas des halogeno-2adamantanes on obtient l'adamantanone-2
Digital-assisted noise-eliminating training for memristor crossbar-based analog neuromorphic computing engine (2013)

The invention of neuromorphic computing architecture is inspired by the working mechanism of human-brain. Memristor technology revitalized neuromorphic computing system design by efficiently executing the analog Matrix-Vector multiplication on the memristor-based crossbar (MBC) structure. However, programming the MBC to the target state can be very challenging due to the difficulty to real-time monitor the memristor state during the training. In this work, we quantitatively analyzed the sensitivity of the MBC programming to the process variations and input signal noise. We then proposed a noise-eliminating training method on top of a new crossbar structure to minimize the noise accumulation during the MBC training and improve the trained system performance, i.e., the pattern recall rate. A digital-assisted initialization step for MBC training is also introduced to reduce the training failure rate as well as the training time. Experimental results show that our noise-eliminating training method can improve the pattern recall rate. For the tested patterns with 128 x 128 pixels our technique can reduce the MBC training time by 12.6% ~ 14.1% for the same pattern recognition rate, or improve the pattern recall rate by 18.7% ~ 36.2% for the same training time.
The role of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase in enhancement of solid-phase electron transfer by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (2009)

We hypothesized that Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a model dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium, could utilize environmentally relevant concentrations of tyrosine to produce pyomelanin for enhanced Fe(III) oxide reduction. Because homogentisate is an intermediate of the tyrosine degradation pathway, and a precursor of a redox-cycling metabolite, pyomelanin, we evaluated the process of homogentisate production by S. oneidensis MR-1, in order to identify the key steps involved in pyomelanin production. We determined that two enzymes involved in this pathway, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase and homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase are responsible for homogentisate production and oxidation, respectively. We used genetic analysis and physiological characterization of MR-1 strains either deficient in or displaying substantially increased pyomelanin production. The relative significance imparted by pyomelanin on solid-phase electron transfer was also addressed using electrochemical techniques, which allowed us to extend the genetic and physiological findings to biogeochemical cycling of metals. Based on our findings, environmental production of pyomelanin from available organic precursors could contribute to the survival of S. oneidensis MR-1 when dissolved oxygen concentrations become low, by providing an increased capacity for solid-phase metal reduction. This study demonstrates the role of organic precursors and their concentrations in pyomelanin production, solid phase metal reduction and biogeochemical cycling of iron.
Functional divergence of the <i>TFL1</i>‐like gene family in <i>Arabidopsis</i> revealed by characterization of a novel homologue (2001)

The phenotypes of transgenic plants over-expressing ATC suggest that the ATC protein can functionally substitute for TFL1. However, the pattern and level of expression and the loss-of-function phenotype indicate that ATC does not participate in the regulation of IM identity, but rather has a role that is different from that of TFL1.
Unraveling the Intra and Intercycle Interfacial Evolution of Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl‐Based All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries (2019)

Abstract High‐performance rechargeable all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries with high energy density and enhanced safety are attractive for applications like portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. Among the various solid electrolytes, argyrodite Li 6 PS 5 Cl with high ionic conductivity and easy processability is of great interest. However, the low interface compatibility between sulfide solid electrolytes and high capacity cathodes like nickel‐rich layered oxides requires many thorny issues to be resolved, such as the space charge layer (SCL) and interfacial reactions. In this work, in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and in situ Raman spectroscopy measurements are performed to monitor the detailed interface evolutions in a LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (NCM)/Li 6 PS 5 Cl/Li cell. Combining with ex situ characterizations including scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the evolution of the SCL and the chemical bond vibration at NCM/Li 6 PS 5 Cl interface during the early cycles is elaborated. It is found that the Li + ion migration, which varies with the potential change, is a very significant cause of these interface behaviors. For the long‐term cycling, the SCL, interfacial reactions, lithium dendrites, and chemo‐mechanical failure have an integrated effect on interfaces, further deteriorating the interfacial structure and electrochemical performance. This research provides a new insight on intra and intercycle interfacial evolution of solid‐state batteries.
Electrical properties of a silicon quantum dot diode (1993)

The electrical properties of a diode consisting of nanoscale silicon quantum dots embedded in an amorphous silicon dioxide matrix are presented in terms of an equivalent circuit. The division of the applied bias between the quantum dot-silicon dioxide layer and the nondegenerate silicon substrate, and the magnitude of the coulomb blockade due to charged electron traps in the quantum dots are determined from the equivalent circuit. Coulomb blockade is important because it contributes to both the large energy separation between successive quantum states, and the applied bias at which quantum effects are first observed.