gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resistivity Measurements on Germanium for Transistors (1954)

This paper discusses a laboratory method which has been found very useful for measuring the resistivity of the semiconductor germanium. The method consists of placing four probes that make contact along a line on the surface of the material. Current is passed through the outer pair of probes and the floating potential is measured across the inner pair. There are seven cases considered, the probes on a semi-infinite volume of semiconductor material and the probes near six different types of boundaries. Formulas and curves needed to compute resistivity are given for each case.
A Low-Viscosity Retarded Acid System for Stimulation of High-Temperature Deep Wells (2018)

Abstract To enhance the efficiency of acid stimulation treatments in high-temperature carbonate reservoirs, the industry requires a superior retarded acid system that inherently displays high thermal stability, controlled reaction rate, and acceptable corrosion losses. One of the earliest means of acid retardation was through the addition of polymer gelling agents; however, these sytems commonly lead to formation damage. Alternatively, a commonly used approach to slow down the acid/rock reaction rate is through the use of acid-in-oil emulsions (i.e., emulsified acids). The viscous nature of these fluids, however, leads to unfavorably high friction pressures during the pumping process. Additionally, the thermal stability of emulsified acids is questionable at temperatures exceeding 300°F. Herein, we introduce a novel engineered acid system for stimulation of high-temperature carbonate reservoirs. The proposed technology reduces the free water in the system and consequently prevents full dissociation of the acid. Reducing the free water in the acid system was successfully achieved by engineering the acid formulation in the presence of another organic compound that is readily soluble in the acid. A series of benchtop carbonate dissolution experiments were performed under static conditions at room temperature to identify the optimal engineered formulation needed to achieve the desired retardation effect. The retardation behavior of this system was further supported by reaction rate studies, coreflood measurements and corrosion loss data. The proposed acid system was evaluated at temperatures and pore pressures up to 350°F and 3000 psi, respectively. Experimental results confirmed that the engineered acid system requires only 0.28 PV to achieve a breakthrough (12 inch core), which represents a significant reduction as compared to some reported emulsified acid systems. Importantly, the fluid formulation was systematically fine-tuned in order to impart the desired fluid-property characteristics: low-viscosity (est. 4 cp), high dissolving power (4.16 lb acid/gal), fast wormhole propagation rate, low corrosion loss (&lt;0.05 lb/ft2, 275°F) and high thermal stability (&gt;300°F). The acid system can be readily mixed on-the-fly with existing equipment. This is a desirable feature particularly when it comes to offshore operations as no special preparation methods are required. It is the opinion of the authors that this novel acid system provides the industry with a suitable fluid alternative that may offer the potential to enhance oil and gas production in carbonate reservoirs. The fluid is stable at high temperatures and may have the potential to be used in a broad range of stimulation applications. Importantly, this low-viscosity retarded acid system presents the industry with a novel acid alternative where acid retardation by polymer addition or emulsification in diesel is no longer required.
A mechanism of Rap1-induced stabilization of endothelial cell–cell junctions (2011)

Activation of Rap1 small GTPases stabilizes cell--cell junctions, and this activity requires Krev Interaction Trapped gene 1 (KRIT1). Loss of KRIT1 disrupts cardiovascular development and causes autosomal dominant familial cerebral cavernous malformations. Here we report that native KRIT1 protein binds the effector loop of Rap1A but not H-Ras in a GTP-dependent manner, establishing that it is an authentic Rap1-specific effector. By modeling the KRIT1-Rap1 interface we designed a well-folded KRIT1 mutant that exhibited a ~40-fold-reduced affinity for Rap1A and maintained other KRIT1-binding functions. Direct binding of KRIT1 to Rap1 stabilized endothelial cell-cell junctions in vitro and was required for cardiovascular development in vivo. Mechanistically, Rap1 binding released KRIT1 from microtubules, enabling it to locate to cell--cell junctions, where it suppressed Rho kinase signaling and stabilized the junctions. These studies establish that the direct physical interaction of Rap1 with KRIT1 enables the translocation of microtubule-sequestered KRIT1 to junctions, thereby supporting junctional integrity and cardiovascular development.
Indoor SLAM for Micro Aerial Vehicles Control Using Monocular Camera and Sensor Fusion (2016)

This paper represents research in progress in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) in the context of rescue and/or recognition navigation tasks in indoor environments. In this kind of applications, the MAV must rely on its own onboard sensors to autonomously navigate in unknown, hostile and GPS denied environments, such as ruined or semi-demolished buildings. This article aims to investigate a SLAM technique that fuses visual information and measurements from the inertial measurement unit (IMU), to robustly obtain the 6DOF pose estimation of a MAV within a local map of the environment. The monocular visual SLAM algorithm along with the IMU calculate the pose estimation through an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The system consists of a low-cost commercial drone and a remote control unit to computationally afford the SLAM algorithms using a distributed node system based on ROS (Robot Operating System). Some experimental results show how sensor fusion improves the position estimation and the obtained map under different test conditions.
Comparison of the membrane transport of anthracycline derivatives in drug‐resistant and drug‐sensitive K562 cells (1991)

One of the phenotypes of multidrug resistance is characterized by a decrease in the intracellular concentration of drug in resistant cells as compared to sensitive cells. This is correlated with the presence in the membrane of resistant cells of a 150-180-kDa glycoprotein, P-glycoprotein, responsible for an active efflux of the drug. The fluorescence emission spectra from anthracycline-treated cells suspended in buffer have been used to compare the membrane transport of five anthracycline derivatives: adriamycin, daunorubucin, 4'-o-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin, carminomycin and aclacinomycin in drug-sensitive and drug-resistant K562 cells. The initial rate of uptake of these five drugs has been measured as a function of the extracellular pH, pHe. The data show that the uptake occurs through free permeation of the neutral form of the drug. For each drug an influx coefficient kpHe, characteristic of the drug and of the cell type has been defined and calculated: k+(7.2) = V+/[D]e.n where V+ and [D]e are the initial rate of uptake and the concentration of drug in the medium at pHe = 7.2 respectively and n is the number of cells. This coefficient is characteristic of a passive diffusion of the neutral form of the drug through the lipid bilayer. Efflux coefficients k-(7.2)- at pHi = 7.2 (the intracellular pH value) have also been calculated. In the case of sensitive cells, k+(7.2) and k-(7.2)- are equal. For resistant cells, the efflux coefficient is composed of two terms: (a) (k-)p corresponding to the passive diffusion of the neutral form of the drug and (k-)p = k+; (b) (k-)a corresponding to an active efflux mediated by the P-glycoprotein. Our data suggest that the anthracycline derivatives efflux actively in the neutral form.
A Comparative Study of Random Waypoint and (2006)

A mobile adhocnetwork (MANET)isanetwork consisting ofa setofwireless mobile nodesthatcommunicate witheachotherwithoutcentralized control or established infrastructure. The mobility modelrepresents themoving behavior ofeachmobile node(MN)intheMANET thatshould berealistic. Itisacrucial partintheperformance evaluation of MANET.RandomWaypoint mobility modelistheonlymobility modelthathasbeenwidely usedinthesimulation studyof MANET despite someunrealistic movementbehaviors suchas suddenstopandsharpturn.WhilstGauss-Markov mobility modelhasbeenprovedthatitcansolve bothofthese problems. Thispaperpresents acomparative simulation studyofRandom Waypointand Gauss-Markovmobility modelson the performance studyofMANET thatusesAd-hocOn-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)astherouting protocol. Theresults showthatbothmobility modelsarenotdifferent incaseeach MN ismovingathuman runningspeed.Therefore, itis suggested touseRandomWaypoint mobility modelbecause of itslesscomputational overhead comparing toGauss-Markov mobility model.When thespeedofMNs isashighasfast automobiles, theperformance result using RandomWaypoint mobility modelissignificant different fromGauss-Markov mobility model.Therefore, Gauss-Markov mobility model should beusedinstead. Moreover, different levels ofrandomness setting havenoeffect ontheaccuracy ofthroughput andend-to- enddelay.
Eye movements in neurodegenerative diseases (2015)

Eye movements remain an active field of investigation across a variety of neurodegenerative conditions. Progress continues to be made at the clinical level as well by using laboratory techniques.
Molecular Mechanics of the Cyclic-GMP-activated Channel of Retinal Rods (1988)

Recent evidence indicates that the electrical response to light in retinal rod cells is generated by a member of a new class of ion channels that are directly gated by cyclic nucleotides (Fesenko et al. 1985,1986; Nakatani and Yau 1985; Zimmerman et al. 1985; Haynes et al. 1986; Pugh and Cobbs 1986; Stern et al. 1986; Stryer 1986; Zimmerman and Baylor 1986; Matthews 1987; Matthews and Watanabe 1987; Yau and Baylor 1989). Channels somewhat like those of rods appear to participate in transduction by retinal cone cells (Cobbs et al. 1985; Haynes and Yau 1985) and olfactory receptor neurons (Nakamura and Gold 1987). In rods, channels are held open in darkness by cGMP. A reduction in cGMP concentration in light closes channels and lowers the inward Na+ current, producing the membrane hyperpolarization. A small Ca++ current through the open channel (Yau and Nakatani 1984; Hodgkin et al. 1985; Nakatani and...
Simple and rapid bioluminescent detection of two verotoxin genes using allele‐specific PCR of <i>E. coli</i> O157: H7 (2003)

Allele-specific PCR for E. coli O157 was conducted with primers specific to verotoxin genes, verotoxin 1 (VT1) and verotoxin 2 (VT2). VT is an important cause of haemorrhagic colitis (HC) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) worldwide. We developed a simple, rapid bioluminescent detection method for E. coli O157. The method is based on the determination of pyrophosphoric acid (PPi) released during allele-specific PCR. Thus, released PPi is converted to ATP by ATP sulphurylase and the concentration of ATP is determined using the firefly luciferase reaction. As a result, VT1, VT2 and DNA with VT1/VT2 were clearly identified by this method. This protocol, which does not require expensive equipment, can be utilized to monitor the PCR product rapidly. Additionally, this methodology can be used as a high-throughput approach for measuring PCR products.
Structure and Semisynthesis of Platensimide A, Produced by <i>Streptomyces platensis</i> (2008)

Platensimycin and platencin are novel natural product antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth by inhibiting condensing enzymes FabF and FabF/FabH of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, respectively. Continued search for the natural congeners of these compounds led to the isolation of platensic acid, the free C-17 tetracyclic enoic acid, and platensimide A, a 2,4-diaminobutyric acid amide derivative. Isolation, structure, semisynthesis, and activity of these compounds are described.
Inhibition of collagen fibril formation (2012)

(i) Inhibition of collagen formation is an attractive target to reduce excessive formation of fibrotic tissue. (ii) Antibody-based inhibitors of collagen fibril formation are promising therapeutic agents with a potential to limit localized fibrosis in a number of tissues.
VII.—NEW BOOKS (1915)

VII.—NEW BOOKS Get access The Applications of Logic: A Text-book for College Students. By A. T. ROBINSON, Longmans. 4s. 6d. ARTHUR ROBINSON ARTHUR ROBINSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume XXIV, Issue 1, 1915, Pages 124-a–124, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/XXIV.1.124-a Published: 01 January 1915
Effect of glutaraldehyde fixation and valve constraint conditions on porcine aortic valve leaflet coaptation. (1982)

In an investigation of the influence of glutaraldehyde fixation pressure and subsequent valve constraint on the coaptive characteristics of porcine aortic valves, 14 valves were examined, eight having been fixed at low pressure (congruent to 1 mm Hg) and six at high pressure (80 mm Hg). The coaptive ratios of the left and right coronary leaflets in the low-pressure-fixed valves showed a significant improvement over those of the same leaflets in the high-pressure-fixed valves. Inflation to 80 mm Hg results in a variable "peeling back" of the coaptive margins of the low-pressure-fixed valves but not of the high-pressure-fixed valves. Comparable coaptive ratios are therefore expected during full inflation of the unconstrained valves fixed both at low pressure and at high pressure. Constraining the low-pressure-fixed valves during inflation to simulate the effect of mounting on a rigid stent produced either a reduction or virtual elimination of this "peeling back" motion or in some instances a slight reversal of the effect, thus increasing the width of the coaptive margin. Hence it is expected that the stented low-pressure-fixed valve will manifest better coaptation than the high-pressure-fixed valve. Finally, the experimental findings of this study, combined with the improved mechanical function of the leaflet tissue already known to occur in the low-pressure-treated valves, provide a convincing case for valve fixation to be carried out under lower pressures.
Building blocks for polymetallic ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) polypyridine luminophores (1993)

Three novel, mixed-ligand complexes of ruthenium and osmium are prepared1; the key example [Ru(bpy)2bpaH](PF6)2[bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine; bpaH = bis(picolyl)amine]1 bears a ‘dangling’ pyridine ligand according to X-ray crystallography and has a luminescence lifetime comparable with that of [Ru(bpy)3]2+.
Characterization of recombinant thioesterase and acyl carrier protein domains of chicken fatty acid synthase expressed in Escherichia coli (1989)

Fatty acid synthase of animal tissue is a multifunctional enzyme comprised of two identical subunits, each containing seven partial activities and a site for the prosthetic group, 4'-phosphopantetheine (acyl carrier protein). We have recently isolated cDNA clones of chicken fatty acid synthase coding for the dehydratase, enoyl reductase, beta-ketoacyl reductase, acyl carrier protein, and thioesterase domains (Chirala, S.S., Kasturi, R., Pazirandeh, M., Stolow, D.T., Huang, W.Y., and Wakil, S.J. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 3750-3757). To gain insight into the structure and function of the various domains, the portion of the cDNA coding for the acyl carrier protein and thioesterase domains was expressed in Escherichia coli by using an expression vector that utilizes the phage lambda PL promoter. The recombinant protein was efficiently expressed and purified to near homogeneity using anion-exchange and hydroxyapatite chromatography. As expected from the coding capacity of the cDNA expressed, the protein has a molecular weight of 43,000 and reacts with antithioesterase antibodies. The recombinant thioesterase was found to be enzymatically active and has the same substrate specificity and kinetic properties as the native enzyme of the multifunctional synthase. Treatment of the recombinant protein with alpha-chymotrypsin results in the cleavage of the acyl carrier protein and thioesterase domain junction sequence at exactly the same site as with native fatty acid synthase. The amino acid composition of the purified recombinant protein revealed the presence of 0.6 mol of beta-alanine/mol of protein, indicating partial pantothenylation of the recombinant acyl carrier protein domain. These results indicate that the expressed protein has a conformation similar to the native enzyme and that its folding into functionally active domains is independent of the remaining domains of the multifunctional synthase subunit. These conclusions are consistent with the proposal that the multifunctional synthase gene has evolved from fusion of component genes.
A 20-ch TDC/ADC Hybrid Architecture LiDAR SoC for 240 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> 96 Pixel 200-m Range Imaging With Smart Accumulation Technique and Residue Quantizing SAR ADC (2018)

This paper presents a time-to-digital converter/analog-to-digital-converter (TDC/ADC) hybrid LiDAR system-on-chip (SoC) to realize reliable self-driving systems. The smart accumulation technique (SAT) is proposed to achieve both 200-m and high-pixel-resolution range imaging, which was untrodden with conventional LiDARs. The “smart” accumulation is realized by a simple object recognition strategy with small circuit overhead. When compared to conventional accumulations, the LiDAR range is enhanced without degrading the pixel resolution. Moreover, a TDC/ADC hybrid architecture is proposed to achieve a wide-distance-range LiDAR with a small silicon area and short-range precision. To minimize the ADC cost, a residue-quantizing noise-shaping (RQNS) SAR ADC is proposed. The prototype LiDAR SoC is fabricated in the 28-nm CMOS technology and integrated into the silicon photomultiplier (SiPM)-based LiDAR system. LiDAR measured with 240 × 96 pixels at 10 frames/s achieves a measurement range of 200 m with a 70-klx direct sunlight: the measurement range is 2× longer than conventional designs. Furthermore, our LiDAR achieves 4× higher effective pixel resolution compared to conventional designs using simple accumulation. A 3-D point-cloud image acquired with a real-life environment is presented.
Hardware-in-the-loop simulation and its application in control education (2003)

This paper describes the concept of the "hardware-in-the-loop" design system implemented as an experimental part of a control engineering course. The concept of "hardware-in-the-loop" (HiL) method is to use a simulation model of the plant and the industrial standard target controller. The integrated analysis and simulation environment supports the design system. Hardware and software components of the HiL system are presented in the paper and an example of the laboratory exercise is described to give insight into the approach, which has been adopted.
RANGE EXTENSION FOR DORIDELLA-STEINBERGAE (LANCE, 1962) TO PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND, ALASKA (1987)

Notes, Information & News onym of R. nigromontanus (Dall, 1897), but gave no information about what basis was use for his synonymy.In November of 1984,
Bayesian Control in Mixture Models (1987)

The problem is to choose values for independent variables in a regression mixture model with the intent of controlling the output toward a specified target value. This problem is posed as a Bayesian decision problem. The calculation of Bayes rules is shown to require solution of a quadratic programming problem. An example based on an article by Snee (1981) concerning gasoline blends is discussed.
Discovery and Optimization of a Novel Series of Thrombin Receptor (PAR-1) Antagonists:  Potent, Selective Peptide Mimetics Based on Indole and Indazole Templates (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTDiscovery and Optimization of a Novel Series of Thrombin Receptor (PAR-1) Antagonists: Potent, Selective Peptide Mimetics Based on Indole and Indazole Templates†Han-Cheng Zhang, Claudia K. Derian, Patricia Andrade-Gordon, William J. Hoekstra, David F. McComsey, Kimberly B. White, Brenda L. Poulter, Michael F. Addo, Wai-Man Cheung, Bruce P. Damiano, Donna Oksenberg, Elwood E. Reynolds, Anjali Pandey, Robert M. Scarborough, and Bruce E. MaryanoffView Author Information Drug Discovery, The R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, and COR Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 7, 1021–1024Publication Date (Web):March 22, 2001Publication History Received27 November 2000Published online22 March 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm000506shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm000506srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1142Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aggregation,Antagonists,Assays,Cells,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
The MicroRNA-17-92 Family of MicroRNA Clusters in Development and Disease (2012)

Overwhelming experimental evidence accumulated over the past decade indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression in animals and plants and play important roles in development, homeostasis, and disease. The miR-17-92 family of miRNA clusters is composed of 3 related, highly conserved, polycistronic miRNA genes that collectively encode for a total of 15 miRNAs. We discuss recent studies demonstrating that these miRNAs are essential for vertebrate development and homeostasis. We also show how their mutation or deregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases, including cancer and congenital developmental defects. Finally, we discuss the current evidence suggesting how the different miRNAs encoded by these 3 clusters can functionally cooperate to fine-tune signaling and developmental pathways.