gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Solvatochromic Maleimide‐Fused N‐Allyl and N‐Alkyl‐Substituted 1,4‐Dithiines and Diels—Alder Reactions with Anthracene. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Paper 12: Gas Turbine Fuel and Control Systems (1968)

Following a preliminary introduction on the necessity for fuel and control systems, it is proposed to deal in some detail with the requirements of modern gas turbine engines from the point of view of both pumping of fuel and the control. In general the paper deals with aircraft type systems. Over the last 20 years specifications have been increasing in size and the need for the additional requirements will be discussed in relation to the various types of engines. Considerations of control for two- and three-shaft engines for both civil (subsonic and supersonic) and military use are covered, as also are the somewhat different requirements for helicopters. In addition to main engine control, the effects of reheat, supersonic nozzles and variable engine geometry will be discussed. Reference is also made to the increasing severity of environment on high speed aircraft. Following this, the problems of pumping are considered and a review of the types of pumps available is made comparing their relative advantages and disadvantages in relation to the application, and indicating the general trends in this field. On control systems the types of control available will be discussed including hydromechanical, electric and fluidic, and the basis on which the optimum choice can be made for any particular engine will be dealt with. The requirements for control, both for steady running and limiting will be explained, and once again a typical example of a control system is briefly described.
Absence of Post-phosphoryl Modification in Dystroglycanopathy Mouse Models and Wild-type Tissues Expressing Non-laminin Binding Form of α-Dystroglycan (2012)

α-Dystroglycan (α-DG) is a membrane-associated glycoprotein that interacts with several extracellular matrix proteins, including laminin and agrin. Aberrant glycosylation of α-DG disrupts its interaction with ligands and causes a certain type of muscular dystrophy commonly referred to as dystroglycanopathy. It has been reported that a unique O-mannosyl tetrasaccharide (Neu5Ac-α2,3-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,2-Man) and a phosphodiester-linked modification on O-mannose play important roles in the laminin binding activity of α-DG. In this study, we use several dystroglycanopathy mouse models to demonstrate that, in addition to fukutin and LARGE, FKRP (fukutin-related protein) is also involved in the post-phosphoryl modification of O-mannose on α-DG. Furthermore, we have found that the glycosylation status of α-DG in lung and testis is minimally affected by defects in fukutin, LARGE, or FKRP. α-DG prepared from wild-type lung- or testis-derived cells lacks the post-phosphoryl moiety and shows little laminin-binding activity. These results show that FKRP is involved in post-phosphoryl modification rather than in O-mannosyl tetrasaccharide synthesis. Our data also demonstrate that post-phosphoryl modification not only plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of dystroglycanopathy but also is a key determinant of α-DG functional expression as a laminin receptor in normal tissues and cells.
Regulation of isoprene emission from poplar leaves throughout a day (2009)

Isoprene is a biogenic hydrocarbon that significantly affects tropospheric chemistry. Numerous plant species, including many trees, emit isoprene. Isoprene is synthesized by isoprene synthase (IspS), from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP) made by the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. It has been demonstrated that in developing leaves, isoprene emission is regulated by transcriptional control of IspS, while in mature leaves subjected to changing growth temperature, regulation of emission is shared between IspS and DMADP supply from the MEP pathway. Isoprene emission also varies throughout a day, with circadian regulation implicated. This study investigated changes in isoprene emission capacity, and expression of IspS and the enzymes of the MEP pathway throughout several days, with Populus trichocarpa grown at different temperatures to induce different levels of isoprene emission. Isoprene emission capacity exhibited ultradian regulation, with a period of about 12 h; peak capacity was observed at 0300 and 1500 h daily. Several of the enzymes of the MEP pathway had previously been suggested to have regulatory roles in the production of other plastidic terpenoids, and transcript accumulation for these enzymes, combined with in silico promoter analyses, supported a regulatory role for deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) in particular.
Smooth particle hydrodynamics: status and future potential (2007)

SPH is a powerful mesh free method that is now able to solve very complex multi-physics flow and deformation problems in a broad number of fields. This paper concentrates on the use of SPH to simulate a broad range of complex industrial fluid flow problems. These include free surface fluid flow for the generation of digital content, geophysical flows such as volcanic lava flows and tsunamis, several types of die casting (gravity, high pressure and ingot casting), resin transfer moulding and flow in porous media, mixing of particulates in liquid, pyrometallurgy and slurry flow in semi-autogenous grinding mills. The strengths and weaknesses of SPH will be explored and future opportunities for using the method to make major modelling advances are discussed.
Electronic bandstructure and van der Waals coupling of ReSe2 revealed by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (2017)

ReSe<sub>2</sub> and ReS<sub>2</sub> are unusual compounds amongst the layered transition metal dichalcogenides as a result of their low symmetry, with a characteristic in-plane anisotropy due to in-plane rhenium 'chains'. They preserve inversion symmetry independent of the number of layers and, in contrast to more well-known transition metal dichalcogenides, bulk and few-monolayer Re-TMD compounds have been proposed to behave as electronically and vibrational decoupled layers. Here, we probe for the first time the electronic band structure of bulk ReSe<sub>2</sub> by direct nanoscale angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find a highly anisotropic in- and out-of-plane electronic structure, with the valence band maxima located away from any particular high-symmetry direction. The effective mass doubles its value perpendicular to the Re chains and the interlayer van der Waals coupling generates significant electronic dispersion normal to the layers. Our density functional theory calculations, including spin-orbit effects, are in excellent agreement with these experimental findings.
Robust antimicrobial compounds and polymers derived from natural resin acids (2011)

We report novel robust resin acid-derived antimicrobial agents that exhibit excellent antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of bacteria (6 Gram-positive and 7 Gram-negative) with selective lysis of microbial membranes over mammalian membranes. Our results indicate that hydrophobicity and unique structures of resin acids can be determining factors in dictating the antimicrobial activity.
Decreased Levels of Folate Receptor‐β and Reduced Numbers of Fetal Macrophages (<scp>H</scp>ofbauer Cells) in Placentas from Pregnancies with Severe Pre‐Eclampsia (2013)

Severe PE is associated with decreased placental expression of FR-β and a reduction in the number of HBCs. Reduced placental macrophage function is likely to play a key role in the pathophysiology of PE.
Field Tests of Traps and Lures for the Apple Maggot (1974)

Journal Article Field Tests of Traps and Lures for the Apple Maggot Get access W. H. Reissig W. H. Reissig Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 67, Issue 4, 1 August 1974, Pages 484–486, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/67.4.484 Published: 01 August 1974
Akt-Dependent Cytokine Production in Mast Cells (2000)

Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI induces the activation of three protein tyrosine kinases, Lyn, Syk, and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), leading to the secretion of a panel of proinflammatory mediators from mast cells. This study showed phosphorylation at Ser-473 and enzymatic activation of Akt/protein kinase B, the crucial survival kinase, upon FcepsilonRI stimulation in mouse mast cells. Phosphorylation of Akt is regulated positively by Btk and Syk and negatively by Lyn. Akt in turn can regulate positively the transcriptional activity of interleukin (IL)-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha promoters. Transcription from the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT), and activator protein 1 (AP-1) sites within these promoters is under the control of Akt activity. Accordingly, the signaling pathway involving IkappaB-alpha, a cytoplasmic protein that binds NF-kappaB and inhibits its nuclear translocation, appears to be regulated by Akt in mast cells. Catalytic activity of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta, a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates NF-AT and promotes its nuclear export, seems to be inhibited by Akt. Importantly, Akt regulates the production and secretion of IL-2 and TNF-alpha in FcepsilonRI-stimulated mast cells. Altogether, these results revealed a novel function of Akt in transcriptional activation of cytokine genes via NF-kappaB, NF-AT, and AP-1 that contributes to the production of cytokines.
Inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase by SB 203580 blocks PMA-induced Mr 92,000 type IV collagenase secretion and in vitro invasion. (1998)

Although the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has been implicated in signal transduction events, its role in regulating the Mr 92,000 type IV collagenase matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) and in vitro invasiveness in cancer has not yet been determined. We made the surprising observation that, in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (UM-SCC-1), phorbol ester-enhanced MMP-9 secretion and in vitro invasiveness were associated with a strong activation of the p38 MAPK and its downstream target, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2. To determine the role of p38 activation in these events, we investigated the effect of SB 203580, a novel specific p38 inhibitor, on protease expression and in vitro invasion of these cells. We found that inhibition of p38 by SB 203580 resulted in the almost complete reduction of phorbol myristate acetate-induced MMP-9 secretion but not of urokinase-type plasminogen activator secretion. In contrast, the activation of a transiently transfected wild-type MMP-9 promoter by MEKK-1, a specific c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activator, was only marginally inhibited by the compound, arguing for the specificity of SB 203580. Moreover, phorbol myristate acetate-enhanced in vitro invasion was completely blocked by SB 203580, whereas p38 inhibition had little effect on growth. These findings suggest that activation of p38 may contribute to a more invasive phenotype in vitro, possibly via the expression of MMP-9, and that targeting of p38 using SB 203580 may provide a novel means of controlling invasion of cancers in which this MAPK is activated.
Improved labeling scheme for ancestor queries (2002)

We present a labeling scheme for rooted trees that supports ancestor queries. Given a tree, the scheme assigns to each node a label which is a binary string. Given the labels of any two nodes u and v, it can in constant time be determined whether u is ancestor to v alone from these labels. For trees of size n our scheme assigns labels of size bounded by log n + O(√log n) bits to each node. This improves a recent result of Abiteboul, Kaplan and Milo at SODA'01, where a labeling scheme with labels of size 3/2log n + O(log log n) was presented. The problem is among other things motivated in connection with efficient representation of information for XML-based search engines for the internet.
Lipid Synthesis and Manufacture (1999)

Polyene acids The availability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (appendix to chapter 1) Isotopically labelled fatty acids Synthesis of long--chain compounds with conjugated unsaturation Eicosanoids: oxygenated derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids containing twenty carbon atoms Synthesis of triacylglycerols Chemical synthesis of glycerophospholipids and their analogs Sphingolipids Synthesis and production of vitamin E The production of natural antioxidants (other than vitamin E) Enzymic processes The preparation of derivatives for lipid analysis Alkyl and acyl sugars Synthesis and commercial preparation of surfactants for the food industry Novel chemistry of delta--5 fatty acids Lipid biosynthesis References Index.
Immune complexes in purpura hemorrhagica of the horse contain IgA and M antigen of <i>Streptococcus equi</i>. (1985)

Purpura hemorrhagica is an acute disease of the horse characterized by edema of the head and limbs, leucocytoclastic vasculitis, petechial hemorrhages in mucosae, musculature and viscera, and sometimes glomerulonephritis. It is usually associated with strangles, an upper respiratory tract disease of the horse caused by Streptococcus equi. We have detected and characterized immune complexes in the sera of horses with poststrangles purpura hemorrhagica by using PEG precipitation and Western blot analysis. The immune complexes contained IgA and S. equi-specific antigens similar to those found in acid extracts. We propose that purpura hemorrhagica is an immune complex-mediated disease.
The Role of Interleukin-6 in Mucosal IgA Antibody Responses in Vivo (1994)

In mice with targeted disruption of the gene that encodes interleukin-6 (IL-6), greatly reduced numbers of immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing cells were observed at mucosae and grossly deficient local antibody responses were recorded after mucosal challenge with either ovalbumin or vaccinia virus. The IgA response in the lungs was completely restored after intranasal infection with recombinant vaccinia viruses engineered to express IL-6. These findings demonstrate a critical role for IL-6 in vivo in the development of local IgA antibody responses and illustrate the effectiveness of vector-directed cytokine gene therapy.
General discussion (1973)

E. R. Buckle, W. J. Dunning, C. S. Kiang, M. Kerker, D. Stauffer, R. A. Cox, C. N. Davies, R. G. Picknett and D. E. Rosner, Faraday Symp. Chem. Soc., 1973, 7, 42 DOI: 10.1039/FS9730700042
Public Administration in A Democratic Society. By W. Brooke Graves. (Boston: D. C. Heath and Company. 1950. Pp. xvi, 759. $6.00.) (1950)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Modification of Nanofiltration Membranes by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Produced Water Filtration (2009)

Abstract Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-block-ethylene glycol methacrylate) were grafted from commercial polyamide thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The results from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful grafting of both polymers from the membrane surfaces. Contact angle measurements were done to illustrate the temperature responsive wettability of the modified membrane surfaces. Modified membranes were used in flux measurements of wastewater produced during coal bed methane gas exploration. The degree of fouling of the original and the modified membranes was examined by pure water flux recovery measurements after produced water filtration and a temperature-controlled water rinse.
Power feed equipment for the SL undersea lightwave cable (2003)

The power feed equipment (PFE) for the SL undersea lightwave cable converts 48 V battery power to a constant current of 1.6 A at voltages up to 7500 V to power the undersea electronics. Switchmode DC-to-DC converters operating at 18 kHz, together with a microprocessor-based control system and fiber-optic isolators, are used in the high-voltage power equipment to furnish highly reliable power to underwater regenerators in this optical undersea cable for transoceanic telecommunications. After a brief discussion of the general system architecture of the SL PFE, the authors discuss the technology used, including switch-mode power conversion unit, output current and voltage regulation, microprocessor control and human interface, and physical design. It is concluded that the experience with the earliest application of the SL PFE technology, the OPTICAN lightwave cable between the Canary Islands of Gran Canaria and Tenerife, has demonstrated its capability to meet the requirements of the SL undersea lightwave transmission system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transcriptional regulation of osteopontin production in rat osteoblast-like cells by parathyroid hormone. (1989)

Osteopontin (OP) or bone sialoprotein is a recently characterized extracellular matrix protein which is abundant in bone and is produced by osteoblasts. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a potent calcitropic hormone which regulates osteoblastic function including the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins. This study examines the effect of human PTH (hPTH-[1-34]) on the expression of this novel protein in rat osteoblast-like cells. hPTH(1-34) significantly decreased the amount of OP in culture media of the rat osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line, ROS 17/2.8, detected by Western immunoblot analysis. hPTH(1-34) also suppressed the steady-state level of OP mRNA two- to threefold with an ED50 of approximately 3 X 10(-10) M. This inhibition was detectable at 24 h, reached its nadir at 48 h, and lasted at least up to 96 h. The hPTH(1-34) effects were mimicked by isobutylmethylxanthine, cholera toxin, 8-bromo-cAMP, forskolin, and isoproterenol. hPTH(1-34) suppressed by two- to threefold the rate of OP gene transcription, estimated by nuclear run-on assays. The suppression of OP mRNA levels by hPTH(1-34) was also seen when basal levels were increased by transforming growth factor type beta, or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or were decreased by dexamethasone. A similar decrease in the steady-state level of OP mRNA by hPTH(1-34) was also observed in primary cultures of osteoblast-enriched cells from fetal rat calvaria. These findings indicate that hPTH(1-34) suppresses the production of the novel extracellular matrix protein, OP, in osteoblasts at least in part through transcriptional control.
Buried heterostructure 1.3-µm lasers with multiple layer infill (1981)

This paper reports on the preparation and performance of BH 1.3-µm lasers which have a novel sixty-layer InP infill on either side of the mesa stripe. A typical SEM of a cleaved and stained device is shown in Fig. 1.
Drug proof: a practical approach to using the Department forEducation′s documentation on drugs education (1995)

Aims to guide teachers responsible for drugs education through Circular 4/95: Drug Prevention and Schools , which the Department for Education has recently sent to all schools, as well as through two other documents which the Department has made available: Drug Education: Curriculum Guidance for Schools , produced by the Schools Curriculum and Assessment Authority, and A Digest of Drug Education Resources for Schools . Poses questions for teachers to answer and suggestions for them to follow so that teachers may formulate a policy, design a programme and decide on methodology and resources appropriate to their individual institutions. Should be read in parallel with the documents, as it makes many references to them.
Isolation of scFv fragments to polymorphic and monomorphic HLA-DR epitopes from a synthetic phage library. (1997)

The possibility of producing human recombinant antibodies by the phage display libraries technology has opened up new perspectives in the fields of immunological research and therapeutic applications. Despite the interest for a potential use of this technology in the HLA field, no information is so far available about selection and screening of libraries with HLA antigens. In this study we report our first experience with expression and characterization of human single-chain antibody fragments (scFvs) against HLA-DR epitopes selected from a synthetic phage library.
Melioidosis vaccines (2002)

Melioidosis is a disease caused by the facultative intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei and is associated with a high mortality rate. Melioidosis is endemic in the tropics of southeast Asia and northern Australia and is of worldwide concern, particularly as it is a potential agent of bioterrorism or biological warfare. Also of concern is the lack of a fully effective antibiotic regime, as cases of bacteremia have unacceptably high mortality rates and relapse of melioidosis is common. This review focuses on the approaches that have been undertaken towards the development of an effective vaccine against this disease and highlights current strategies being used to move towards finalizing such a vaccine.
Five Collections of Cumacea from the Alaskan Arctic (1965)

Lists, with detailed morphologic and taxonomic information, several species of these crustaceans collected 1948-1950 by various parties. The latter, working in the area described, with pertinent station data and species recovered. Some taxonomically significant variations are noted among the species listed, also some range extensions.
In Vivo Angiogenesis Screening and Mechanism of Action of Novel Tanshinone Derivatives Produced by One-Pot Combinatorial Modification of Natural Tanshinone Mixture from Salvia Miltiorrhiza (2014)

Taken together, our study demonstrated the more distinctive pro-angiogenic properties of 10 than other tanshinones and revealed 10 has potential for development as a pro-angiogenic agent for diseases associated with insufficient angiogenesis. Our results highlighted the great potential of adopting a newly modified one-pot approach to enhance the chemical diversity and biological activities of constituents from natural products regardless of their abundances.
Lectin‐binding properties of the antral and body surface mucosa in the human stomach—are the differences relevant for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> affinity? (1995)

Biopsy specimens from histologically normal human gastric mucosa were examined histochemically with the use of lectins. Significant differences were found in the glycoconjugate patterns of the surface mucous cells between the body and the corresponding antrum. Two lectins (Ulex europaeus agglutinin I and Ricinus communis agglutinin I) specific for fucose and galactose residues stained the apical membrane and the intracellular (perinuclear) region of the antral mucosa more strongly than those of the body (P < 0.04). Body and antral biopsies from patients with Helicobacter pylori-positive chronic active gastritis were also studied, but the lectin patterns of Helicobacter pylori-infected body and antrum did not differ. On comparing these chronically infected gastric biopsies with normal antral mucosa, however, significant changes could be seen with the fucose-binding lectin as well as with two other lectins (succinylated concanavalin A and peanut agglutinin). These differences could have been induced directly by bacterial virulence factors or could be due to non-specific reactions to the inflammatory process.