gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of amorphous electrochromic tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1986)

Preliminary experiments have been performed to probe the feasibility of using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE–CVD) to prepare electrochromic thin films of tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide by plasma reaction of WF6, W(CO)6, and Mo(CO)6 with oxygen. Thin films produced in a 300 W, electrodeless, radio-frequency (rf), capacitive discharge were found to be electrochromic when tested with either liquid or solid electrolytes. Optical spectroscopy was performed on two electrochromic coatings after Li+ ion insertion from a propylene carbonate liquid electrolyte. Broad absorption peaks at ∼900 nm for WO3 and 600 nm for MoO3 were observed. Optical results for PE–CVD MoO3 films differ from those reported for evaporated MoO3 films which have an absorption peak at ∼800 nm. The shorter wavelength absorption in the PE–CVD MoO3 films offers the potential for fabricating electrochromic devices with higher contrast ratios and less color change. Optical emission spectroscopy, Auger, and x-ray diffraction analyses indicate these thin film deposits to be predominantly amorphous tungsten and molybdenum oxides.
Enhancing the Performance of Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Using Room-Temperature-Processed Ga-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles as the Electron Transport Layer (2017)

Colloidal ZnO nanoparticle (NP) films are recognized as efficient electron transport layers (ETLs) for quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) with good stability and high efficiency. However, because of the inherently high work function of such films, spontaneous charge transfer occurs at the QD/ZnO interface in such a QD-LED, thus leading to reduced performance. Here, to improve the QD-LED performance, we prepared Ga-doped ZnO NPs with low work functions and tailored band structures via a room-temperature (RT) solution process without the use of bulky organic ligands. We found that the charge transfer at the interface between the CdSe/ZnS QDs and the doped ZnO NPs was significantly weakened because of the incorporated Ga dopants. Remarkably, the as-assembled QD-LEDs, with Ga-doped ZnO NPs as the ETLs, exhibited superior luminances of up to 44 000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> and efficiencies of up to 15 cd/A, placing them among the most efficient red-light QD-LEDs ever reported. This discovery provides a new strategy for fabricating high-performance QD-LEDs by using RT-processed Ga-doped ZnO NPs as the ETLs, which could be generalized to improve the efficiency of other optoelectronic devices.
Spheroids from equine amnion mesenchymal stem cells: an in vitro study (2015)

Background: Equine amnion mesenchymal stem cells (EAMSCs) from amnion isolated after the foal birth represented an alternative source of easy collection of mesenchymal cells used in equine regenerative medicine.\n\nMethods: These cells grown as 2D culture in α-MEM medium supplemented with EGF were differentiated in adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. Half a million cells as pellet were left in 15ml tubes with the same differentiation media for 20 days. After the pellets were collected, embedded in paraffin for morphological study.\n\nResults: 2D culture showed EAMSCs with an embryonic phenotype (C-kit+, CD105+, Oct-4+) and a differentiation potential in adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic multipotent cells. By a reproducible method of 3D culture, at day 20 the Authors evidenced a formation of small aggregated spheroids gradually gathering. In cross sections the surface of spheroid evidenced flattened cells embedded in a red matrix by Alizarin staining and occasionally a core of calcium precipitation. A network of apoptotic or necrotic cells in a not mineralized matrix was present into the center of nodules. The 3D spheroids appeared larger (mean diameter of 605±53 µm for gathering spheroids and 1486±79 µm for spheroids already gathered) than those from standard monolayer cultures (mean diameter of 200 ± 73 µm).\n\nConclusions: EAMSCs cultured in 3D method preserve their in vitro multipotent differentiation than adherent 2D culture method. These EAMSCs included in extracellular matrix not mineralized at day 20 seem to be a good source of MSCs for tissue repair and regeneration in equine medicine.
New methods for tightly regulated gene expression and highly efficient chromosomal integration of cloned genes for <i>Methanosarcina</i> species (2008)

A highly efficient method for chromosomal integration of cloned DNA into Methanosarcina spp. was developed utilizing the site-specific recombination system from the Streptomyces phage phiC31. Host strains expressing the phiC31 integrase gene and carrying an appropriate recombination site can be transformed with non-replicating plasmids carrying the complementary recombination site at efficiencies similar to those obtained with self-replicating vectors. We have also constructed a series of hybrid promoters that combine the highly expressed M. barkeri PmcrB promoter with binding sites for the tetracycline-responsive, bacterial TetR protein. These promoters are tightly regulated by the presence or absence of tetracycline in strains that express the tetR gene. The hybrid promoters can be used in genetic experiments to test gene essentiality by placing a gene of interest under their control. Thus, growth of strains with tetR-regulated essential genes becomes tetracycline-dependent. A series of plasmid vectors that utilize the site-specific recombination system for construction of reporter gene fusions and for tetracycline regulated expression of cloned genes are reported. These vectors were used to test the efficiency of translation at a variety of start codons. Fusions using an ATG start site were the most active, whereas those using GTG and TTG were approximately one half or one fourth as active, respectively. The CTG fusion was 95% less active than the ATG fusion.
Mathematical recreations and essays, (1922)

Les hommes ne sont jamais plus ingénieux que dans l'invention des jeux, Vesprit s'y trouve a son aise....Aprés les jeum qui dépendent uniquement des nombres viennent les jeux od entre la sitwation.... Apres les jeux o& nentrent que le nombre et la situation viendraient les jeux ot entre le mouvement....Enfin il serait & souhaiter quon ett un cours entier des jeux, traités mathématiquement."(Leibnitz:
Inhibitors Influencing Plant Enzymes of the Polyamine Biosynthetic Pathway (1989)

Absract Several enzymes involved in polyamine biosynthesis namely ornithine, arginine and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase as well as spermidine synthase, were analyzed in partially purified wheat extracts. For all enzymes effective inhibitors were found. Among them the most interesting was l-aminooxy-3-aminopropane, which inhibited all three decarboxylases. Classical polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors like difluoromethylornithine, difluoromethylarginine. methyl glyoxal bis- (guanylhydrazone) and cyclohexylamine were also inhibitory on plant enzymes. A remarkable difference in the amount of arginine and ornithine decarboxylase existed in wheat. Arginine decarboxylase seems to be more important at least during the early stage of development. Influence of polyamine synthesis inhibitors on polyamine levels is more likely to come from arginine decarboxylase inhibitors. As inhibitors of all essential enzymes involved in plant polyamine biosynthesis were found, the study of the importance of polyamines in plant physiology will be considerably facilitated.
ChemInform Abstract: Cage Molecules Containing Elements of Groups V and VI. Part 2. Molecular Dynamics Study of P4S3 and P3‐ 7. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prevention of hereditary large bowel cancer: tissue culture assays and logistics. (1983)

It is currently believed that normal genes, presumably in the class of tissue differentiation genes (proto-oncogenes), are responsible for the malignant transformation of human cells. As such, they cannot be appropriately used to identify individuals at risk for cancer. Based on our experience with a cell system from patients with adenomatosis of the colon and rectum (ACR), we suggest that predisposition to cancer can best be detected as a global syndrome at the phenotypic level. The ability to distinguish a cancer predisposed person from a normal individual in well-defined populations should qualify a test as "cancer specific". An underlying assumption in these studies is that predisposition to cancer, in general, is associated with an autosomal dominant trait in obligatory heterozygote gene carriers.
Current oscillations in semi-insulating GaAs associated with field-enhanced capture of electrons by the major deep donor EL2 (1982)

Current oscillations thermally activated by the release of electrons from deep levels in undoped semi-insulating GaAs were observed for the first time. They were attributed to electric field-enhanced capture of electrons by the dominant deep donor EL2 (antisite AsGa defect). This enhanced capture is due to the configurational energy barrier of EL2, which is readily penetrated by hot electrons.
Speech coding based on adaptive mel-cepstral analysis (2002)

We propose an ADPCM coder which uses a backward adaptive predictor based on the adaptive mel-cepstral analysis. The spectrum represented by the mel-cepstral coefficients has frequency resolution similar to that of the human ear which has high resolution at low frequencies. In the coder, since the transfer functions of noise shaping and postfiltering are also defined through the mel-cepstral coefficients, the effects of nose shaping and postfiltering should fit with characteristics of the human auditory sensation. We incorporate a pitch predictor into the ADPCM coder, and evaluate the speech quality based on objective and subjective performance tests. It is shown that the coder at 16 kb/s can produce a high quality speech comparable with that of the CCITT G.721 ADPCM coder at 32 kb/s with no algorithmic delay.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phase Diagram of the Nd-Fe-B Ternary System (1985)

An experimental study of the liquidus projection in a phase diagram of the Nd-Fe-B ternary system has been carried out. In the Nd-poor region, it is found that two phases, Fe 2 B and Nd 2 Fe 7 B 6 (T 2 ), coexist with the liquid. Two monovariant curves, L\rightleftharpoonsFe+Fe 2 B and L\rightleftharpoonsFe 2 B+T 2 , join and form the transition reaction, L+Fe 2 B\rightleftharpoonsT 2 +Fe. The end point of the liquid in the Nd-poor regions is the ternary eutectic point, L\rightleftharpoonsFe+Nd 2 Fe 14 B(T 1 )+T 2 . The T 2 and Nd 2 FeB 3 (T 3 ) phases simultaneously solidify from the liquid. In the Nd rich region. T 1 phase, T 2 phase and (Nd) solid solution solidify from the liquid at the end point of the liquid.
Single quantum well lead-europium-selenide-telluride diode lasers (1984)

It is desirable to increase the operating temperature of long wavelength lead-chalcogenide diode lasers to simplify cooling system requirements. Recently, double heterostructure Pb1−xEuxSeyTe1−y diode lasers (grown by molecular beam epitaxy) operated up to 147 K cw (180 K pulsed). The output photon energy of these devices is linear with x in the wavelength range 6.6– 2.7 μm. The growth of single quantum well lead-chalcogenide diode lasers is now reported for the first time. These devices had PbTe quantum wells with PbEuSeTe confinement layers. The width of the quantum wells, Lz, was varied from 300 to 250 Å. Strong quantum effects are observed for Lz ≲ 1200 Å because of the small carrier masses (me∼mh∼0.04mo ). The shift in laser emission energy is in approximate agreement with that calculated from a finite square well potential. At low temperatures (≲100 K), these lasers appear to operate on transitions between n=1 states in the conduction and valence bands at threshold. Transitions between the n=2 states require a higher current which decreases with increasing temperature until the laser switches to the n=2 transition at threshold. The threshold current then increases relatively slowly with temperature, yielding cw operation up to 174 K (at 4.41-μm wavelength), and pulsed operation up to 241 K (at 4.01 μm). These are the highest operating temperatures ever reported for lead-chalcogenide diode lasers, and increases their potential usefulness for spectroscopic applications and for long wavelength fiber optics communications.
A Comparative Study of Alternative Middle Tier Caching Solutions to Support Dynamic Web Content Acceleration (2001)

E-business sites are increasingly utilizing dynamic web pages since they enable a much wider range of in-teraction than static HTML pages can provide. Dy-namic page generation technologies allow a Web site
Selective stacking in the reflection‐angle and azimuth domain (2007)

I analytically demonstrate the artifacts in angle‐domain common‐image gathers caused by sparsely sampled wavefields, from a perspective of shot‐profile migration. The local‐offset gather is linearly related to the angle gather in locally constant‐velocity media when wavefields are sufficiently well sampled, but not when wave‐fields are poorly sampled. Hence, linear slant‐stack or radial‐trace transform in local‐offset gathers will produce angle gathers with artifacts, which may hinder further interpretation or analysis and reduce the quality of the final stacking image in the angle and azimuth domain. Instead of simply stacking along reflection angle and azimuth axes, I present a method to compute the stacking weights as functions of angle and azimuth and make the stacking process selective. My method is tested on the synthetic wide‐azimuth version of the SEG/EAGE salt data set, where a cleaner image with higher signal‐to‐noise ratio is obtained.
T lymphocyte response to bacteriophage lambda repressor cI protein. Recognition of the same peptide presented by Ia molecules of different haplotypes. (1987)

The murine T cell response to bacteriophage lambda cI repressor protein has been investigated. Isolation and characterization of class II-restricted T cell hybridomas from BALB/c and A/J mice undergoing a primary response has revealed that a single region of the protein, residues 12-26, is the immunodominant site. Fine specificity analysis using truncated peptides (P12-24 and P15-26) reveals a great deal of heterogeneity at the clonal level of I-Ad-restricted T cells. I-Ek-restricted T cells are less heterogeneous in their reactivity toward P12-24 and P15-26, but show diversity in their responses to peptide analogues with substitution at Tyr22. The specificity difference between T cell hybridomas of I-Ad-restriction and I-Ek-restriction and the inhibition effect of different inactive peptides suggest that the same peptide is presented in different configurations by different Ia molecules. Further, no cross-reactivity can be detected between T cells of these two haplotypes, Ia molecules and Ia bound-peptides.
Quantitative fluorescent immunoassay for measurement of antibody to Dirofilaria immitis in dogs (1981)

An automated fluorescent immunoassay technique (FIAX; International Diagnostic Technology, Santa Clara, Calif.) has been developed for the quantitation of circulating antibodies in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis. Two groups of sera, group I consisting of 77 samples and group II consisting of 126 samples, were obtained from experimentally infected microfilaremic dogs, known negative controls, and clinically diagnosed cases of occult dirofilariasis. Antibody against a partially purified trichloroacetic acid-soluble extract of a soluble somatic extract of D. immitis was measured by FIAX and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A standard curve was drawn from four samples with known FIAX titers and fluorescent signal unit values. The standard curve was used to determine titers of unknown samples. The correlation coefficients determined in the analysis of log10 ELISA and log10 FIAX values were r = 0.9057 and r = 0.8976 in groups I and II, respectively. Eighty-three percent of the titer values calculated by FIAX in group I were within one dilution, and 95% were within two dilutions, of those titers obtained by ELISA. In group II, 79 and 96% of the values obtained by FIAX were within one and two dilutions, respectively, of those obtained by ELISA. FIAX proved to be a reproducible and convenient assay for the measurement of serum antibody in dogs experimentally infected with Dirofilaria.
Low power communications protocols: paging and beyond (2002)

Paging subscriber devices leverage multiple technologies to achieve low power and long battery life: semiconductors, circuits, systems architecture and network protocol. While many types of electronic devices have capitalized on low-power features for several of these technologies, few other than personal paging services have taken advantage of opportunities presented by well designed protocols with explicit power-reduction features. This paper will review the state-of-practice in existing paging services, and discuss the relevance of such techniques to other wireless communication systems.
Seismic Repeatability Analysis from Oseberg 4D Processing – A Case History (2004)

P203 SEISMIC REPEATABILITY ANALYSIS FROM OSEBERG 4D PROCESSING – A CASE HISTORY 1 Abstract A detailed repeatability analysis has been performed based on Oseberg 4D seismic data using a tailored 4D-processing sequence. This paper demonstrates the improvement of the repeatability in three major steps: a) pre-processing tidal correction swell noise removal channel based RMS amplitude scaling and tau-p deconvolution to attenuate multiples; b) 4D azimuth preserved trace binning to produce the desired offsets classes and missing trace interpolation on the offset planes and c) amplitude preserved pre-stack time migration (PSTM) and post migration processing including residual moveout correction CDP trim
Clinicopathological Features and Treatment of Ectopic Varices with Portal Hypertension (2011)

Bleeding from ectopic varices, which is rare in patients with portal hypertension, is generally massive and life-threatening. Forty-three patients were hospitalized in our ward for gastrointestinal bleeding from ectopic varices. The frequency of ectopic varices was 43/1218 (3.5%) among portal hypertensive patients in our ward. The locations of the ectopic varices were rectal in thirty-two, duodenal in three, intestinal in two, vesical in three, stomal in one, and colonic in two patients. Endoscopic or interventional radiologic treatment was performed successfully for ectopic varices. Hemorrhage from ectopic varices should be kept in mind in patients with portal hypertension presenting with lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
Identification of dynamic equivalents based on heuristic optimization for smart grid applications (2012)

Vulnerability assessment is one of the main tasks in a Self-Healing Grid structure, since it has the function of detecting the necessity of performing global control actions in real time. Due to the short-time requirements of real time applications, the eligible vulnerability assessment methods have to consider the improvement of calculation time. Although there are several methods capable of performing quick assessment, these techniques are not fast enough to analyze real large power systems in real time. Based on the fact that vulnerability begins to develop in specific regions of the system exhibiting coherent dynamics, large interconnected power systems can be reduced through dynamic equivalence in order to reduce the calculation time. A dynamic equivalent should provide simplicity and accuracy sufficient for system dynamic simulation studies. Since the parameters of the dynamic equivalent cannot be easily derived from the mathematical models of generators and their control systems, numerical identification methods are needed. Such an identification task can be tackled as an optimization problem. This paper introduces a novel heuristic optimization algorithm, namely, the Mean-Variance Mapping Optimization (MVMO), which provides excellent performance in terms of convergence behavior and accuracy of the identified parameters. The identification procedure and the level of accuracy that can be reached are demonstrated using the Ecuadorian-Colombian interconnected system in order to obtain a dynamic equivalent representing the Colombian grid.
Novel Light Emitting Diode Using Organic Electroluminescence Microcapsules (2003)

Abstract Novel light emitting diodes (LEDs) were prepared using electroluminescence (EL) material/polymer microcapsules (ELC). N‐vinylcarbazole as a hole‐transporting component and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were copolymerized for producing the seed particles using dispersion polymerization. An oxadiazole derivative, synthesized as a electron‐transporting component, and tris(8‐hydroxyquinolinato) aluminium(III) (Alq 3 ) were incorporated into the polymer particles by using the solute co‐diffusion method (SCM). The LEDs for the EL characterization were fabricated in a thin sandwich configuration: Al anode/ELC/ITO cathode. The surface imaging of the LED prepared using ELC was performed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The EL characteristics of the ELC were investigated by UV, photoelectron and luminescence spectroscopy, and the current‐voltage and the light‐voltage characteristics for the LED were determined. Encapsulation procedure using solute co‐diffusion method (SCM). magnified image Encapsulation procedure using solute co‐diffusion method (SCM).
Carrier frequency allocation in FDMA military SATCOMs (2002)

Tactical military SATCOMs require a sophisticated balance between efficiency and resilience. Ideally, this balance needs to be flexible and dynamic, so as to adapt as demands (and threats) ebb and flow. Automation is seen as the key to providing the flexibility to migrate SATCOM band plans between rapidly evolving scenarios. Efficiency and revenue maximisation are often the key drivers in commercial satellite systems, nevertheless carrier frequency allocation techniques developed for civilian systems can be usefully employed in military systems, provided optimisation is extended to address resilience and support flexibility. Key factors in optimising frequency plans in multi-satellite, multi-beam, multi-terminal, multi-modulation systems are frequency re-use, compliance with satellite and ground station regulation and co-ordination agreements and, critically, the control (or mitigation) of intermodulation products. Significant differences between military and civilian systems are the likelihood of electronic attack and the widespread use of spread-spectrum (particularly frequency hopped) systems, which typically trade spectral efficiency for increased robustness and reduced probability of detection. We describe carrier frequency assignment approaches for SATCOM systems. Techniques studied include the use of meta-heuristic algorithms, such as genetic algorithms and tabu search, and quasi intermodulation-free schemes based on Golomb rulers, as well as conventional heuristic approaches such as variants of the insertion/deletion method.