gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quasi-static modeling of chain dynamics in the amorphous glassy polycarbonate of 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuasi-static modeling of chain dynamics in the amorphous glassy polycarbonate of 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenolM. Hutnik, A. S. Argon, and U. W. SuterCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 22, 5970–5979Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00022a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00022a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recent development in multimedia signal processing: a review on audio-visual interaction (2002)

In this paper, we review research that exploits the audio-visual interaction in multimedia communication, including: lip synchronization, joint audio-video coding, and bimodal person verification. These results show that joint processing of audio and video provides advantages that are not available when audio and video are studied separately.
Fabrication of bipolar transistors by maskless ion implantation (1986)

The first focused ion beam (FIB) arsenic ion implants are reported. A shallow junction, vertical npn bipolar transistor fabricated by maskless implantation of B and As is described. For comparison, devices on the same wafer were also processed with conventional, broad-beam B and/or As implants. Good transistor performance is obtained for each type of implanted transistor. Device characteristics for FIB and conventional implants are generally the same. However, initial results indicate that diode quality and junction leakage appear somewhat degraded (excess generation–recombination) for FIB arsenic implanted devices. Characteristics of FIB boron implanted devices obtained over an extended period have been measured. These data indicate that wafer-to-wafer dose uniformity and quality (diode ideality and leakage currents) is equal to that for conventional implants (standard deviations &lt;10%). Device-to-device quality on a single wafer is also equal for the two techniques, while the device reproducibility is somewhat less for FIB, indicating some minor fluctuations in beam current (dose).
Some design philosophy for reducing the community noise of advanced counter-rotation propellers (1985)

Advanced counter-rotation propellers have been indicated as possibly generating an unacceptable amount of noise for the people living near an airport. This report has explored ways to reduce this noise level, which is treated as being caused by the interaction of the upstream propeller wakes and vortices with the downstream propeller. The noise reduction techniques fall into two categories: (1) reducing the strength of the wakes and vortices, and (2) reducing the response of the downstream blades to them. The noise from the wake interaction was indicated as being reduced by increased propeller spacing and decreased blade drag coefficient. The vortex-interaction noise could be eliminated by having the vortex pass over the tips of the downstream blade, and it could be reduced by increased spacing or decreased initial circulation. The downstream blade response could be lessened by increasing the reduced frequency parameter omega or by phasing of the response from different sections to have a mutual cancellation effect. Uneven blade to blade spacing for the downstream blading was indicated as having a possible effect on the annoyance of counter-rotation propeller noise. Although there are undoubtedly additional methods of noise reduction not covered in this report, the inclusion of the design methods discussed would potentially result in a counter-rotation propeller that is acceptably quiet.
Educating the World (2013)

In our times globalization and cosmopolitanism are terms that speak to the intensification of border-crossing, and in connection to education, to the global conditions and possibilities that are directing change in learning and teaching. Much of this change demands a rethinking of the identity of the teacher and a re-envisioning of the work of teaching (Luke, 2004, Tierney, 2006).
The ring-in (1966)

He was the greatest batsman of all time; he was Trumper, Bradman, Macartney, Hobbs, Hutton and Woolley and everyone else united in one transcendental master. And he played only one match in his life. (Or so J. V. B. Rawlinson, who was my uncle, used to declare.) And, moreover, all that opulence was squandered in a bush match in outback Australia. It should have been lavished in a score of games at Lords, The Oval, Old Trafford, Headingly, Sydney, Cape Town, Melbourne, Adelaide, Durban, Kingston, Georgetown, Bombay, Calcutta.... (The names of the great grounds rolled like poetry from J. V. B. Rawlinson's lips, caressed and cossetted so that you had sudden visions of white figures crinkling in the sunlight and flickering over bright green turf.)
Suppression of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Single-Frequency Fiber Raman Amplifier Through Pump Modulation (2019)

We propose and implement the use of an intensity-modulated pump, counter-directional to a forward-propagating signal for suppressing unwanted stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of spectrally narrow signals in optical fiber Raman amplifiers. The modulated Raman pump cross-phase modulates and thus spectrally broadens the parasitic Brillouin Stokes wave traveling in the same (backward) direction. The parasitic SBS then decreases when the broadening exceeds the Brillouin gain bandwidth. By contrast, the modulated pump does not induce any significant cross-phase modulation on the signal, which therefore can remain spectrally narrow. We study the effect of the pump modulation frequency and modulation format and experimentally obtain nearly 5 dB of SBS threshold enhancement and over 50% pump-to-signal conversion efficiency.
Thujone‐Rich Fraction of <i>Thuja occidentalis</i> Demonstrates Major Anti‐Cancer Potentials: Evidences from <i>In Vitro</i> Studies on A375 Cells (2010)

CRUDE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS (FAM: Cupressaceae) is used as homeopathic mother tincture (TOΦ) to treat various ailments, particularly moles and tumors, and also used in various other systems of traditional medicine. Anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties of TOΦ and the thujone-rich fraction (TRF) separated from it have been evaluated for their possible anti-cancer potentials in the malignant melanoma cell line A375. On initial trial by S-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, both TOΦ and TRF showed maximum cytotoxic effect on A375 cell line while the other three principal fractions separated by chromatography had negligible or no such effect, because of which only TRF was further characterized and subjected to certain other assays for determining its precise anti-proliferative and apoptotic potentials. TRF was reported to have a molecular formula of C(10)H(16)O with a molecular weight of 152. Exposure of TRF of Thuja occidentalis to A375 cells in vitro showed more cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects as compared with TOΦ, but had minimal growth inhibitory responses when exposed to normal cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cell). Furthermore, both TOΦ and TRF also caused a significant decrease in cell viability, induced inter-nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse, increase in ROS generation, and release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation, all of which are closely related to the induction of apoptosis in A375 cells. Thus, TRF showed and matched all the anti-cancer responses of TOΦ and could be the main bio-active fraction. The use of TOΦ in traditional medicines against tumors has, therefore, a scientific basis.
CONTENTS (2010)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Aromatic Fluorine Compounds. IV.<sup>1</sup> The Introduction of More than One Fluorine Atom into the Same Ring by a Novel Method (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic Fluorine Compounds. IV.1 The Introduction of More than One Fluorine Atom into the Same Ring by a Novel MethodKarl O. Christe and Attila E. PavlathCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 2, 559–561Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01340a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01340a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Constant‐flow ventilation in canine experimental pulmonary emphysema (1989)

The efficacy of constant-flow ventilation (CFV) was investigated in eight mongrel dogs before (control-phase) and after development of papain-induced panlobular emphysema (PLE-phase). For CFV, heated, humidified and oxygen-enriched air was continuously delivered via two catheters positioned within each mainstem bronchus at flow rates (V) of 0.33, 0.5 and 0.66 l/s. Data obtained during intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) served as reference. In the control-phase, Pao2 was lower (P less than or equal to 0.05) and alveolo-arterial O2 difference (P(A-a)O2) was higher (P less than or equal to 0.01) during CFV at all flow rates when compared with IPPV. This may be due to inhomogeneities of intrapulmonary gas distribution and increased ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) mismatching. Paco2 and V showed a hyperbolic relationship; constant normocapnia (5.3 kPa) was achieved at 0.48 +/- 0.21 l/s (V53). Development of PLE resulted in an increase of functional residual capacity (FRC), residual volume (RV) and static compliance (Cstat) (P less than or equal to 0.05). PaO2 had decreased and P(A-a)O2 had increased (P less than or equal to 0.05), indicating moderate pulmonary dysfunction. Oxygenation during CFV was not significantly different in the PLE-phase when compared with the control-phase. Paco2 and V showed a hyperbolic relationship and V5.3 was even lower than in the control-group (0.42 +/- 0.13 l/s). In dogs with emphysematous lungs CFV maintains sufficient gas exchange. This may be due to preferential ventilation of basal lung units, thereby counterbalancing the effects of impaired lung morphometry and increased airtrapping. Conventional mechanical ventilation is more effective in terms of oxygenation and CO2-elimination.
Cellular effects of CPT‐11 on colon carcinoma cells: Dependence on p53 and hMLH1 status (2002)

Irinotecan (CPT-11), a recently introduced component of a standard chemotherapy for colorectal cancer, induces in colon cancer cell lines in vitro cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Since sporadic colon carcinomas exhibit in 50-60% mutations in the p53 gene and in 10-15% an MSI phenotype due in the great majority of the cases to hMLH1 inactivation, we investigated how these lesions influence the cellular effects of CPT-11 by using colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT116 (which has the genotype p53(+/+),hMLH1(-)) and 2 derivative cell lines with the genotypes p53(+/+),hMLH1(+) and p53(-/-),hMLH1(-). CPT-11 treatment induced G2/M arrest in all 3 cell lines within 48 hr. In the p53(+/+),hMLH1(+) cell line, G2/M arrest was maintained for at least 12 days. There was little concomitant apoptosis, but this was enhanced when the hMLH1 protein was absent. This enhanced apoptosis was accompanied by a shorter duration of the G2/M arrest than in the hMLH1(+) cell line. Partial abrogation of G2/M arrest by caffeine enhanced apoptosis in both hMLH1(+) and hMLH1(-) cells. By contrast, in the p53(-/-) cell line, the G2/M arrest was terminated within 4 days. Termination of the G2/M arrest was accompanied by a high level of apoptosis detectable through poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) cleavage, DNA fragmentation and by the appearance of cells with a DNA content <2N. The triggering of G2/M arrest was accompanied in the 3 cell lines by a transient phosphorylation of cdc-2, while the maintenance of the arrest in the p53(+/+) cell lines was accompanied by the overexpression of p53 and p21 proteins and, consequently, by the inhibition of cdc-2 kinase activity. These data indicate that: (i) CPT-11 induces long-term arrest in p53(+/+) cells and a short-term arrest followed by apoptosis in p53(-/-) cells; (ii) triggering of the arrest is p53 independent and is associated with a brief increase of phosphorylation of cdc-2, while the p53-dependent maintenance of G2/M arrest is associated with the inhibition of cdc-2 kinase activity by p21; and (iii) lack of hMLH1 protein enhances CPT-11-induced apoptosis. These results may be useful for designing rational therapies dependent on the p53 and mismatch-repair status in the tumor.
Diuretics. III. 1,3-Dimethyl-9-alkyl- and 1,3,9-Trimethyl-8-alkylthioisoxanthines (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiuretics. III. 1,3-Dimethyl-9-alkyl- and 1,3,9-Trimethyl-8-alkylthioisoxanthinesF. F. Blicke and R. L. SchaafCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 22, 5857–5863Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01603a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01603a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Study of K-Nearest Neighbour as an Imputation Method. (2002)

Data quality is a major concern in Machine Learning and other correlated areas such as Knowledge Discovery from Databases (KDD). As most Machine Learning algorithms induce knowledge strictly from data, the quality of the knowledge extracted is largely determined by the quality of the underlying data. One relevant problem in data quality is the presence of missing data. Despite the frequent occurrence of missing data, many Machine Learning algorithms handle missing data in a rather naive way. Missing data treatment should be carefully thought, otherwise bias might be introduced into the knowledge induced. In this work, we analyse the use of the k-nearest neighbour as an imputation method. Imputation is a term that denotes a procedure that replaces the missing values in a data set by some plausible values. Our analysis indicates that missing data imputation based on the k-nearest neighbour algorithm can outperform the internal methods used by C4.5 and CN2 to treat missing data.
Height monitoring as a diagnostic test (2004)

Commentary on the paper by van Buuren et al 

Measurement of height is an important component of child health care and has been widely incorporated into paediatric practice. Yet little is known about how it performs in terms of sensitivity and specificity for detecting growth disorders. This lack of information impacts on health care in a number of ways. First, it is difficult to inform public health policy via recommendations for height monitoring, which has resulted in a plethora of statements made about referral for height assessment. One consequence of this has been to opt for a minimum standard for practice as exemplified in Health for all children .1 Second, the lack of information on test performance in the early steps of the short stature evaluation decision tree makes it difficult to interpret subsequent tests and ultimately the likelihood of the presence or absence of disease.2

The Dutch study reported by van Buuren and colleagues in this issue3 addresses for the first time these issues of test performance by quantifying the role of height monitoring in the identification of girls with Turner’s syndrome (TS). TS is the ideal condition to use to show the methodology as it fulfils several important screening criteria—it is common (1 in 2500 live female births), a confirmatory test is available with high sensitivity …
Feed-back Free Rate Control for Digital Video Signal (1993)

Keywords: LTS1 ; LTS3 Reference LTS-CONF-1993-003 Record created on 2006-06-14, modified on 2016-08-08
Serum Stimulates Growth of and Proteinase Secretion by<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (2002)

Serum contains iron-binding proteins, which inhibit the growth of most pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of serum on growth of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Supplementing minimal essential medium (MEM) with up to 80% human serum or up to 80% fetal bovine serum (FBS) stimulated growth and increased the amount of A. fumigatus dry biomass approximately fourfold. In addition, a 100-fold increase in proteinase secretion, as measured by azocasein hydrolysis, was observed when 10% human serum or 10% FBS was added to MEM. The fungal proteinases secreted in serum-containing media were shown to degrade (3)H-labeled basal lamina proteins. The factor in serum that stimulated proteinase secretion was larger than 10 kDa and was 85% inactivated when the serum was heated for 30 min at 66 degrees C. The proportions of proteinases of each catalytic class secreted by A. fumigatus in the presence of serum were different from the proportions secreted in media containing single proteins. Proteinase secretion did not result from increased protein concentration in the medium per se because bovine serum albumin (BSA) at a concentration equivalent to the concentration of serum produced only 20% of the proteinase activity per milligram (dry weight) that was produced by FBS. Addition of BSA plus 100 microM FeCl(3) to MEM resulted in the same level of growth as addition of serum, indicating that a combination of nutritional factors in serum may stimulate growth. However, the level of proteinase secretion was still only 30% of the level observed with FBS. These data indicate that serum does not inhibit the growth of A. fumigatus and that the nutrients in serum result in high levels of proteinase secretion, potentially increasing the invasiveness of this species.
Muramyl dipeptide-induced adjuvant arthritis (1980)

Muramyl dipeptide, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, induced adjuvant arthritis in WKA rats when injected in a water-in-oil emulsion prepared with Freund incomplete adjuvant (Difco), but not when emulsified with Drackeol and Arlacel A.
Investigating Host-Device communication in a GPU-based H.264 encoder. (2012)

Modern graphical processing units (GPU) are powerful parallel processors, capable of running thousands of concurrent threads. While originally limited to graphics processing, newer generations can be used for general computing (GPGPU). Through frameworks such as nVidia Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) and OpenCL,\nGPU programs can be written using established programming languages (with minor\nextensions) such as C and C++. The extensiveness of GPU deployment, low cost of entry and high performance makes GPUs an attractive target for workloads formerly reserved for supercomputers or special hardware. While the programming language is similar, the hardware architecture itself is significantly different than a CPU. In ad-\ndition, the GPU is connected through a comparably slow interconnect, the PCI Express bus. Hence, it is easy to fall into performance pitfalls if these characteristics are nottaken into account.\n\nIn this thesis, we have investigated the performance pitfalls of a H.264 encoder written for nVidia GPUs. More specifically, we looked into the interaction between the host CPU and the GPU. We did not focus on optimizing GPU code, but rather how the execution and communication was handled by the CPU code. As much manual labour\nis required to optimize GPU code, it is easy to neglect the CPU part of accelerated applications.\n\nThrough our experiments, we have looked into multiple issues in the host application that can effect performance. By moving IO operations into separate host threads, we masked away the latencies associated with reading input from secondary storage. By analyzing the state shared between the host and the device, we where able to reduce\nthe time spent synchronizing data by only transferring actual changes.\nUsing CUDA streams, we further enhanced our work on input prefetching by transferring input frames to device memory in parallel with the encoding. We also experimented with concurrent kernel execution to perform preprocessing of future frames in parallel with encoding. While we only touched upon the possibilities in concurrent\nkernel execution, the results where promising.\n\nOur results show that a significant improvement can be achieved by focusing optimizing effort on the host part of a GPU application. To reach peak performance, the host code must be designed for low latency in job dispatching and GPU memory management. Otherwise the GPU will idle while waiting for more work. With the rapid\nadvancement of GPU technology, this trend is likely to escalate.