gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serological Evidence for Major Histocompatibility Complex (B Complex) Antigens in Broilers Selected for Humoral Immune Response (1991)

Genetic selection for early humoral immune responsiveness against two simultaneous antigens, namely, heat-killed Escherichia coli and Newcastle disease virus vaccine (NDV), was performed in a heterogenic population of broiler chickens. The humoral immune response was measured prior to 24 days of age, depending on the vaccine. Chicks were divided into two populations according to their antibody response: a population of high responders to both antigens and a population of low responders. After four generations of selection, a significant difference was observed in the immune response of the two populations, and therefore, an attempt was made to identify possible differences in the segregation of major histocompatibility complex genes. Using alloantisera prepared in B-congenic White Leghorn, the high responders exhibited a high percentage of chickens having erythrocytes agglutinated with B5 antisera, and the low responders exhibited a high percentage of chicks with erythrocytes agglutinated with B15 and B19 antisera. The B13 antisera agglutinated cells of similar proportions of chickens in the two populations. A random commercial broiler flock was screened with the antisera, and correlation was high between B haplotype and antibody level to E. coli following vaccination. The present work indicated the possibility of a direct association between the genetic characteristics represented in the B complex and humoral antibody response in a broiler population.
Force and motion management in legged locomotion (1986)

The control of a legged locomotion system over uneven terrain requires a new approach to coordination. The system has a high degree of static indeterminacy and, because of the stiffness of the structural and actuation systems, has stability problems if position-velocity control is used. The problem has many similarities to that of grasping and manipulating an object in a multi-fingered hand. The stability problem is removed by controlling actuator force directly, but the necessary computations can be prohibitive. A solution is presented which is moderate in its computational requirements. It is based on an assumption of zero foot interaction forces in the horizontal plane.
Mechanisms of substitution reactions at sulfinyl sulfur. VI. Kinetics of the reaction of mercaptans with aryl sulfinyl sulfones (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of substitution reactions at sulfinyl sulfur. VI. Kinetics of the reaction of mercaptans with aryl sulfinyl sulfonesJohn L. Kice and J. Douglas CampbellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 16, 2288–2291Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00815a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00815a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tables of x-ray mass attenuation coefficients and mass energy-absorption coefficients 1 keV to 20 MeV for elements Z = 1 to 92 and 48 additional substances of dosimetry interest (1995)

Tables and graphs of the photon mass attenuation coefficient p/p and the mass energy-absorption coefficient p en /p are presented for all of the elements Z = 1 to 92, and for 48 compounds and mixtures of radiological interest. The tables cover energies of the photon (x ray, gamma ray, bremsstrahlung) from 1 keV to 20 MeV. The p/p values are taken from the current photon interaction database at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the p en /p values are based on the new calculations by Seltzer described in Radiation Research 136, 147 (1993). These tables of p/p and p en /p replace and extend the tables given by
Optimal Modulation of Flying Capacitor and Stacked Multicell Converters Using a State Machine Decoder (2007)

Modulation of flying capacitor and stacked multicell converters is complicated by the fact that these converters have redundant states that achieve the same phase leg voltage output. Hence, a modulator must use some secondary criteria such as cell voltage balancing to fully define the converter switched state. Alternatively, the modulator can be adapted to directly specify the cell states, such as has been proposed for the harmonically optimal phase disposition (PD) strategy. However the techniques reported to date can lead to uneven distribution of switching transitions between cells, and the synthesis of narrow switched phase leg pulses. This paper presents an improved strategy that decouples the tasks of voltage level selection and switching event distribution. Conventional PD and centered space vector pulsewidth modulation (CSVPWM) strategies are used to define the target voltage level for the converter, and a finite state machine is then used to distribute the transitions to the converter cells in a cyclical fashion. Experimental results for a four-level flying capacitor inverter are presented, verifying that the natural balancing properties of this converter has been preserved, the cell switching utilization is equal and the expected harmonic gains of PD and CSVPWM compared to phase shifted carrier PWM have been achieved
The thermal conductivity of carbon coated silicon carbide fibers embedded in a silicon carbide matrix (1993)

The room temperature thermal conductivity has been measured for a series of composite materials composed of carbon coated silicon carbide (SiC) fibers embedded in a SiC matrix. The composite samples consisted of 0/30{degree} bi-directional plain weave Nicalon fibers coated with varying thicknesses of pyrolitic carbon and infiltrated with SiC by the forced flow chemical vapor infiltration process to form the matrix. The fiber volume fraction was held constant at 0.423 {plus_minus} 0.012 and the from 0.03 {mu}m to 0.983 {mu}m, with the fibers of one sample left uncoated. Results transverse to fiber direction show significant differences with the introduction and subsequent increase in the carbon coating thickness. The thermal conductivity decreased for all the coated samples compared to the uncoated sample coating thickness compared to the sample with the thinnest carbon coating.
We are the union: democratic unionism and dissent at Boeing (2012)

In this extraordinary tale of union democracy, Dana L. Cloud engages union reformers at Boeing in Wichita and Seattle to reveal how ordinary workers attempted to take command of their futures by chipping away at the cozy partnership between union leadership and corporate management. Taking readers into the central dilemma of having to fight an institution while simultaneously using it as a bastion of basic self-defense, We Are the Union offers a sophisticated exploration of the structural opportunities and balance of forces at play in modern unions told through a highly relevant case study. Focusing on the 1995 strike at Boeing, Cloud renders a multi-layered account of the battles between company and the union and within the union led by Unionists for Democratic Change and two other dissident groups. She gives voice to the company's claims of the hardships of competitiveness and the entrenched union leaders' calls for concessions in the name of job security, alongside the democratic union reformers' fight for a rank-and-file upsurge against both the company and the union leaders. We Are the Union is grounded in on-site research and interviews and focuses on the efforts by Unionists for Democratic Change to reform unions from within. Incorporating theory and methods from the fields of organizational communication as well as labor studies, Cloud methodically uncovers and analyzes the goals, strategies, and dilemmas of the dissidents who, while wanting to uphold the ideas and ideals of the union, took up the gauntlet to make it more responsive to workers and less conciliatory toward management, especially in times of economic stress or crisis. Cloud calls for a revival of militant unionism as a response to union leaders' embracing of management and training programs that put workers in the same camp as management, arguing that reform groups should look to the emergence of powerful industrial unions in the United States for guidance on revolutionizing existing institutions and building new ones that truly accommodate workers' needs. Drawing from communication studies, labor history, and oral history and including a chapter co-written with Boeing worker Keith Thomas, We Are the Union contextualizes what happened at Boeing as an exemplar of agency that speaks both to the past and the future.
Psychedelics and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy (2020)

Objective: The authors provide an evidenced-based summary of the literature on the clinical application of psychedelic drugs in psychiatric disorders. Methods: Searches of PubMed and PsycINFO via Ovid were conducted for articles in English, in peer-reviewed journals, reporting on “psilocybin,” “lysergic acid diethylamide,” “LSD,” “ayahuasca,” “3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,” and “MDMA,” in human subjects, published between 2007 and July 1, 2019. A total of 1,603 articles were identified and screened. Articles that did not contain the terms “clinical trial,” “therapy,” or “imaging” in the title or abstract were filtered out. The 161 remaining articles were reviewed by two or more authors. The authors identified 14 articles reporting on well-designed clinical trials investigating the efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, and ayahuasca for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, trauma and stress-related disorders, and substance-related and addictive disorders as well as in end-of-life care. Results: The most significant database exists for MDMA and psilocybin, which have been designated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as “breakthrough therapies” for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and treatment-resistant depression, respectively. The research on LSD and ayahuasca is observational, but available evidence suggests that these agents may have therapeutic effects in specific psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: Randomized clinical trials support the efficacy of MDMA in the treatment of PTSD and psilocybin in the treatment of depression and cancer-related anxiety. The research to support the use of LSD and ayahuasca in the treatment of psychiatric disorders is preliminary, although promising. Overall, the database is insufficient for FDA approval of any psychedelic compound for routine clinical use in psychiatric disorders at this time, but continued research on the efficacy of psychedelics for the treatment of psychiatric disorders is warranted.
Biomechanics of Growth, Remodeling, and Morphogenesis (1995)

This review deals with biomechanical aspects of growth (mass change), remodeling (property change), and morphogenesis (shape change) in living systems. The emphasis is on theoretical models, but relevant experimental results also are discussed. As an aid to the reader, the fundamental biological terms and concepts are defined for the general problem and for each specific topic. At the outset, the processes involved in growth, remodeling, and morphogenesis are described and placed within the context of the evolution of species. Next, some of the analytical methods used in biomechanical models for these processes are presented. Then, applications of these and other techniques to specific systems are discussed, beginning at the cellular level and proceeding upward to the tissue and organ levels. At the cellular level, modeling and experimental studies are reviewed for cell division, cell movement, and pattern formation, and then morphogenetic mechanisms for epithelia (cell sheets) are discussed. At the tissue and organ levels, the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems are considered. Several models are described for growth, remodeling, and morphogenesis of bone, and mainly experimental results are examined in the cases of skeletal muscle, the heart, and arteries. Specific topics for the cardiovascular system include hypertrophy, residual stress, atherosclerosis, and embryonic development. Finally, some future research directions are suggested.
Rumor has it: Identifying Misinformation in Microblogs (2011)

A rumor is commonly defined as a state-ment whose true value is unverifiable. Ru-mors may spread misinformation (false infor-mation) or disinformation (deliberately false information) on a network of people. Identi-fying rumors is crucial in online social media where large amounts of information are easily spread across a large network by sources with unverified authority. In this paper, we address the problem of rumor detection in microblogs and explore the effectiveness of 3 categories of features: content-based, network-based, and microblog-specific memes for correctly iden-tifying rumors. Moreover, we show how these features are also effective in identifying disin-formers, users who endorse a rumor and fur-ther help it to spread. We perform our exper-iments on more than 10,000 manually anno-tated tweets collected from Twitter and show how our retrieval model achieves more than 0.95 in Mean Average Precision (MAP). Fi-nally, we believe that our dataset is the first large-scale dataset on rumor detection. It can open new dimensions in analyzing online mis-information and other aspects of microblog conversations. 1
Locator technology in distributed systems (1991)

article Free Access Share on Locator technology in distributed systems: the Active Badge Author: Ken Pier Xerox PARC Xerox PARCView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOIS BulletinVolume 12Issue 2-3Nov. 1991 pp 285–287https://doi.org/10.1145/127769.122858Published:01 October 1991Publication History 1citation273DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads273Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Deberes de vigilancia y prevención de la Administración de conductas ilícitas y prohibición del regreso (2003)

La Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo, 3a, Seccion 6a, de 28 de septiembre de 2002 (Ar. 8849, La Ley 5658), ponente Jesus Ernesto Peces Morate, resuelve un caso de inexistencia de responsabilidad patrimonial del Ayuntamiento de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria por el atropello de un nino en la playa de La Laja. 1. Supuesto de hecho El dia 31 de agosto de 1991, hacia las 12 horas, Samuel G. T., de 4 anos de edad, jugaba en la Playa de la Laja (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) cuando fue atropellado en la misma playa por un ciclomotor conducido por Pedro N. C., sin que la zona estuviese destinada a la circulacion de vehiculos. El ciclomotor, que no estaba asegurado, era propiedad de Jose Francisco C. M., quien momentos antes se lo habia prestado a Pedro N. C. para dar una vuelta por la playa. En el momento de los hechos, no habia servicio especifico de vigilancia de esa playa, sino un dispositivo de Policia local “que cubria zona muy amplia”1. Como consecuencia del atropello el nino sufrio traumatismo craneo-encefalico con secuelas gravisimas, consistentes en tretaparesia espertica, estado vegetativo, minimos movimientos de deglucion, accesos epilepticos, diabetes insipida y cifostolioses marcada, que le incapacitaron de forma irreversible y absoluta para cualquier actividad de la vida y le obligan a seguir una permanente atencion de terceros y continua vigilancia medica. 2 1 FJ 3o de la Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Canarias, con sede en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 3a, de 30.12.1997. InDret 2/2003 Jordi Carrasco y Oliver Garcia
iml: An R package for Interpretable Machine Learning (2018)

Complex, non-parametric models, which are typically used in machine learning, have proven to be successful in many prediction tasks. But these models usually operate as black boxes: While they are good at predicting, they are often not interpretable. Many inherently interpretable models have been suggested, which come at the cost of losing predictive power. Another option is to apply interpretability methods to a black box model after model training. Given the velocity of research on new machine learning models, it is preferable to have model-agnostic tools which can be applied to a random forest as well as to a neural network. Tools for model-agnostic interpretability methods should improve the adoption of machine learning.
[No Title] (1987)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Comprehensive model for nitrogen diffusion in silicon (2002)

Nitrogen implantation allows the implementation of varying oxide thickness in the same process. At IEDM 2000, we have shown an integrated nitrogen diffusion-oxidation model to predict the gate oxide thickness. In this paper, we describe further experiments and modeling to explain the diffusion behavior of implanted nitrogen in silicon that lead to a substantial improvement in both the extent of data fit and understanding of the process physics. We show that the model is consistent with three new experimental studies. The improved model now predicts the formation of extended defects from nitrogen implants, correlates well with positron annihilation studies, and agrees with the diffusion results when the damage is changed by co-implants of silicon. The improved model is valid over a wider range of conditions.
Adapt-and-Adjust: Overcoming the Long-Tail Problem of Multilingual Speech Recognition (2021)

One crucial challenge of real-world multilingual speech recognition is the long-tailed distribution problem, where some resource-rich languages like English have abundant training data, but a long tail of low-resource languages have varying amounts of limited training data. To overcome the long-tail problem, in this paper, we propose Adapt-and-Adjust (A2), a transformer-based multi-task learning framework for end-to-end multilingual speech recognition. The A2 framework overcomes the long-tail problem via three techniques: (1) exploiting a pretrained multilingual language model (mBERT) to improve the performance of low-resource languages; (2) proposing dual adapters consisting of both language-specific and language-agnostic adaptation with minimal additional parameters; and (3) overcoming the class imbalance, either by imposing class priors in the loss during training or adjusting the logits of the softmax output during inference. Extensive experiments on the CommonVoice corpus show that A2 significantly outperforms conventional approaches.
Tacrolimus and cyclosporine differ in their capacity to overcome ongoing allograft rejection as a result of their differential abilities to inhibit interleukin-10 production1 (2002)

Inhibition of IL-10 production is a critical factor in the ability of tacrolimus to reverse ongoing allograft rejection.
Optimization of Multilayer Soap Crystals for Ultrasoft X-Ray Diffraction (1971)

A detailed program for the optimization of the ultrasoft x-ray reflectivity and resolution of multilayer soap crystals is described which is based on classical x-ray diffraction theory and fundamental data concerning monolayer films. New measurements of the conversion factor (fraction of fatty acid converted to soap in a monolayer formed on a liquid substrate containing metal ions) as a function of the metal-ion concentration and liquid substrate pH have been used as the basis of a logical optimization procedure. Full optimization parameters are given for the lead soaps of melissic, lignoceric, stearic, myristic, and lauric acids which have 2d interplanar spacings of 159.6, 131.5, 100.4, 80.5, and 70.0±0.1 Å, respectively. These crystals have a reproducibility of about 10% (mean deviation from mean reflectivity), except in the case of lead stearate where it is 5%. For each soap the optimum lead concentration in the liquid substrate is 3×10−5 M, the pH of this solution is 6.0, and the dipping speed is 0.2 cm sec−1. The resultant crystal is 100% soap and contains no unconverted acid. The necessary surface pressure and temperature are dependent upon the particular soap being produced. The optimum values which give good reproducibility and high reflectivity, for the acids mentioned above, are (1) temperature: 30, 20, 18, 12, and 12°C; (2) pressure: 40, 35, 32, 20, and 15 dyn cm−1, respectively. The relative reflectivity of crystals containing varying amounts of lead are in agreement with diffraction theory. The absolute reflectivities for different thicknesses of all the optimized crystals are presented for various ultrasoft x-ray emission lines and are shown to be in qualitative, but not quantitative, agreement with theory. Crystals of thickness in excess of about 150 monolayers (75 lattice planes) proved impossible to build. The diffraction half-widths of the crystals are found to be in agreement with theory, and the spectral resolution of the crystals has thus been estimated. In general, this is equal to the effective number of diffracting planes and is thus limited by crystal absorption. Resolving powers of 30–60 can be obtained in the 20–120-Å region for the thickest crystals grown. The peak and integrated reflectivities of these crystals were of the order of 1–5% and 1–4×10−4 rad. Detailed measurements are given for all crystals and a variety of emission lines. Reflectivity data is also presented for beryl and potassium acid phthalate (KAP) crystals and a comparison is made between soap crystals and other possible dispersive elements in the ultrasoft x-ray region. Data is presented on peak-to-background ratios, high-order spectra intensity, and the use of mixed fatty acids to achieve intermediate spacing crystals. Because the optimized crystals contain no unconverted acid, they are shown to be particularly stable to a vacuum environment and rises in temperature up to at least 100°C. Spectra are presented to illustrate the use of multilayer soap crystals in ultrasoft x-ray spectrometry.