gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability of Milk Fat Emulsions. I. Preparation of Model Oil-in-Water Emulsions and Evaluation of Their Stability (1975)

A technique was developed for preparing model emulsions with a Branson Sonifier Cell Disruptor. Variables included sonication intensity and time, amounts of oil and emulsifier, and length of storage after sonication. Stability of the emulsions was determined by holding them in a special viewer for 24 h at 23 C. Stability was expressed as percent upper phase separation, or as a "stability index" based on percent total solids in the bottom half of the sample at 24 h, relative to percent total solids in the entire sample at 0 h. There was a high correlation between the two methods of determining stability. Standard conditions for the laboratory preparation and evaluation of emulsions are recommended. These procedures should be useful in studying the influence of different emulsifiers and emulsifying conditions on the stability of oil-in-water emulsions.
Effect of Borate on the Catalytic Activities of Muscle Glyceraldehyde‐3‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase (1977)

The effect of borate on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from human, pig and rabbit muscle was studied. At lower concentration of borate only the dehydrogenase activity is inhibited, reversibly and competitively against NAD. At concentration of borate above 6 mM the plots of 1/v versus borate concentration become nonlinear and the inhibition is extended to the esterase and acetylphosphatase activities. In certain conditions a time-dependent inactivation and reactivation was observed. The direct interaction between borate (if present at concentration of at least 6 mM) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is postulated, the possible site of the reaction being the histidine residue(s). The esterase activity of the human muscle enzyme and the effect of borate on it are different from the other mammalian enzymes.
Feasibility and patient tolerance of a novel transrectal ultrasound hyperthermia system for treatment of prostate cancer (2001)

This report describes patient tolerance and toxicity of a transrectal ultrasound hyperthermia system used with external beam radiation therapy in treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer. Nine patients with clinical T2B-T3B (4th edition AJCC criteria) disease received external beam radiation therapy, with two hyperthermia treatments scheduled at least 1 week apart during the first 4 weeks of radiation. Five patients also received hormonal therapy. Interstitial and anterior rectal wall thermometry were performed. Median temperature for each treatment (T50) was 40.8 degrees C and mean CEM T90 = 43 degrees C was 3.4 min. Rectal wall temperature was maintained at < or = 40 degrees C. Treatment duration was limited in three of 17 sessions due to positional discomfort which was alleviated with light IV sedation and use of a 'New Life' mattress (Comfortex, Inc. Winoba, MN, USA). Acute toxicity was limited to NCI common toxicity criteria grade 1 and no excess toxicity was noted with full course radiation therapy +/- hormonal therapy. These findings are consistent with those reported in a previous phase I trial assessing this device. Given the favourable toxicity profile demonstrated to date, modification of treatment parameters for this ongoing phase II study have been instituted that should further the efficacy of transrectal ultrasound hyperthermia for treatment of prostate cancer.
Density based clustering algorithm for VANETs (2009)

In this paper we present a new multilevel clustering algorithm for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET), which we will call the Density Based Clustering (DBC) algorithm. Our solution is focused on the formation of stable, long living clusters for reliable communication. Cluster formation is based on complex clustering metric which takes into account density of connection graph, link quality and traffic conditions. Tests performed in the simulation environment composed from VanetMobiSim and JiST/SWANS have shown that algorithm performs better than the popular classic approach (the Lowest Id algorithm [1]) - the clusters stability is significantly increased.
Modulation of immune function by dietary fatty acids (1998)

Many studies have investigated the effects of the amount and type of fat in the diet on immune cell functions, particularly lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogens. These studies have been reviewed several times in recent years (Kinsella et al.
100 GHz Double Heterostructure GaInAs/InP p-i-n Photodiode (1993)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. Wey, K. S. Giboney, J. E. Bowers, M. J. W. Rodwell, P. Silvestre, P. Thiagrarajan, and G. Y. Robinson, "100 GHz Double Heterostructure GaInAs/InP p-i-n Photodiode," in Ultrafast Electronics and Optoelectronics, J. Shah and U. Mishra, eds., Vol. 14 of OSA Proceedings Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1993), paper A11. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
An innovative spaceborne radar concept for global maritime surveillance: Description and performance demonstration (2010)

The paper describes an alternative concept to conventional SAR instruments for ship detection over all ocean surfaces. The concept is specifically oriented for ship detection, and not for land or sea imaging. It allows wide swath coverage (as high as 1000 km). It exhibits high detection performances of small ships even in adverse sea states conditions. Its power consumption is reduced allowing a permanent operation all along the orbit. At least, it uses already developed and low cost technologies.
A Heuristic to Determine Low Leakage Sleep State Vectors for CMOS Combinational Circuits (2003)

Input vector control has been used to minimize the leakage power consumption of a circuit in sleep state. In this paper, we present a novel heuristic for determining a low leakage vector to be applied to a circuit in sleep state. The heuristic is a greedy search based on the controllability of nodes in the circuit and uses the functional dependencies among cells in the circuit to guide the search. Results on a set of ISCAS and MCNC benchmark circuits show that in all cases our heuristic returns a vector having a leakage within 5% of that of the vector obtained using an extensive random search, with orders of magnitude improvement in computational speed.
The telecommunication industry revisited (2003)

The flourishing number of partnerships in the telecom arena tell a fascinating story of forging new business strategies in a frail economy. They also demonstrate how some joint ventures may be stronger than others.
A spatial model of engagement for a social robot (2006)

Even if a socially interactive robot has perfect information about the location, pose, and movement of humans in the environment, it is unclear how this information should be used to enable the initiation, maintenance, and termination of social interactions. We review models that have been developed to describe social engagement based on spatial relationships and describe a system developed for use on a robotic receptionist. The system uses spatial information from a laser tracker and head pose information from a camera to classify people in a categorical model of engagement. The robot's behaviors are determined by the presence of people in these different levels. We evaluate the system using observational behavioral analysis of recorded interactions between the robot and humans. This analysis suggests improvements to the current system: namely, to put a stronger emphasis on movement in the estimation of social engagement and to vary the timing of interactive behaviors
Using a Multimodal Immersive Environment to Investigate Perceptions in Augmented Virtual Reality Systems (2018)

The Collaborative-Research Augmented Immersive Virtual Environment Laboratory at Rensselaer is a state-of-the-art space that offers users the capabilities of multimodality and immersion. Realistic and abstract sets of data can be explored in a variety of ways, even in large group settings. This paper discusses the motivations of the immersive experience and the advantages over smaller scale and single-modality expressions of data. One experiment focuss on the influence of immersion on perceptions of architectural renderings. Its findings suggest disparities between participants’ judgment when viewing either two-dimensional printouts or the immersive CRAIVE-Lab screen. The advantages of multimodality are discussed in an experiment concerning abstract data exploration. Various auditory cues for aiding in visual data extraction were tested for their affects on participants’ speed and accuracy of information extraction. Finally, artificially generated auralizations are paired with recreations of realistic spaces to analyze the influences of immersive visuals on the perceptions of sound fields. One utilized method for creating these sound fields is a geometric ray-tracing model, which calculates the auditory streams of each individual loudspeaker in the lab to create a cohesive sound field representation of the visual space.
Proteomic Identification of Matrix Metalloproteinase Substrates in the Human Vasculature (2012)

The application of proteomics to identify MMP targets is a new frontier in cardiovascular research. Our current classification of MMPs based on few substrates is an oversimplification of a complex area of biology. This study provides a more comprehensive assessment of potential MMP substrates in the vasculature and represents a valuable resource for future investigations.
Syngeneic transplantation with peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected after the administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (1993)

Five syngeneic transplants were performed in four patients following myeloablative therapy using unmodified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected after the administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) to normal donors. The only toxicity experienced by the four normal donors was bone pain. Four patients received two collections of PBMCs, and a second transplant was performed in one patient with one collection. The patients received a median of 20.53 x 10(8) total nucleated cells/kg (range 20 to 25.5), 11.3 x 10(8) total mononuclear cells/kg (range 6.52 to 17.2), 113.1 x 10(4)/kg CFU-GM (range 46.7 to 211.8) and 9.6 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (range 1.6 to 12.6) Post-transplant growth factors were not administered. The median time to an absolute neutrophil count greater than 0.5 x 10(9)/L was 14 days (range 10 to 18). The median time to platelet transfusion independence was 11 days (range 10 to 13). Two patients had the number of CD3+ T lymphocytes determined in the pheresis product. An average of 3.04 x 10(10) CD3+ cells were collected per pheresis. This represents an approximate 1 log increase over the number of T lymphocytes in a typical bone marrow transplant. Rh-GCSF can be used to mobilize peripheral blood progenitor cells from normal donors with minimal toxicity. Studies of allogeneic transplants using PBMCs collected after rhG-CSF administration to determine permanent grafting ability and the incidence and severity of graft-versus-host disease are warranted.
Model-based enhancement of lighting conditions in image sequences (2002)

Illumination variability has a considerable influence on the performance of computer vision algorithms or video coding methods. The efficiency and robustness of these algorithms can be significantly improved by removing the undesired effects of changing illumination. In this paper, we introduce a 3-D model-based technique for estimating and manipulating the lighting in an image sequence. The current scene lighting is estimated for each frame exploiting 3-D model information and by synthetic re-lighting of the original video frames. To provide the estimator with surface normal information, the objects in the scene are represented by 3-D shape models and their motion and deformation are tracked over time using a model-based estimation method. Given the normal information, the current lighting is estimated with a linear algorithm of low computational complexity using an orthogonal set of light maps. This results in a small set of parameters which efficiently represent the scene lighting. In our experiments, we demonstrate how this representation can be used to create video sequences with arbitrary new illumination. When encoding a video sequence for transmission over a network, significant coding gains can be achieved when removing the time varying lighting effects prior to encoding. Improvements of up to 3 dB in PSNR are observed for an illumination-compensated sequence.
The Internet of Things in Manufacturing: Key Issues and Potential Applications (2018)

With the globalization of the world's economy, manufacturing enterprises are facing severe competition from their worldwide counterparts in terms of product price, function, quality, cost, and lead time. They are also experiencing growing pressure to meet higher environmental standards due to enhanced producer responsibility [1]. Meanwhile, consumers have more diversified and demanding needs, e.g., customized products. These challenges have pushed the manufacturing industry to embrace new technologies to remain competitive and meet user demands. The Internet of Things (IoT), which has great potential in transforming the manufacturing sector [2], has attracted tremendous attention from both academia and industry.
Advances in Competitive Polyurethane Materials for Automotive Fascia (1995)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Demands in the marketplace have led to the development of lightweight polyurethane elastomer systems for automotive fascia. These products can offer the automotive fascia molder the advantages of RRIM (reinforced reaction injection molding) polyurethane elastomers in a very competitive package. Current refinements developed in filler packages now allow for the application of reinforced RIM systems which exhibit improved surface quality. Moreover, the use of any of a variety of microspheres offers control of shrink and green strength of molded parts. These microspheres may be solid or hollow, rigid or flexible, and range in size from 1 micron to 300 microns. All of these systems exhibit processing characteristics similar to those of established RRIM products, pass on-car performance tests, and compete successfully with competitive lower-cost fascia materials.</div>
Role of the VLA-4 molecule in T cell costimulation. Identification of the tyrosine phosphorylation pattern induced by the ligation of VLA-4 (1995)

The very late activated Ag (VLA) molecules not only mediate T cell adhesions, but also provide costimulation in a TCR/CD3-dependent manner. However, little is known about the signals mediated by the ligation of VLA molecules. Previous work from our laboratory identified a 105-kDa protein that is predominantly phosphorylated on tyrosine residue upon engagement of VLA-4 in a human T lymphoblastic cell line, H9, and in peripheral T cells. In the present study, we have shown that the A and B epitope of VLA-4 plays a key role in VLA-4-mediated T cell costimulation. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the solid phase cross-linking of VLA-4 using Ab (against A and B) or the CS-1 region of fibronectin, stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of 140-, 120-, 80- to 70-, 60- to 55-, 50-, and 45-kDa proteins in addition to the 105-kDa protein. In contrast, Ab ligation of the C epitope of VLA-4 mainly induced tyrosine phosphorylation of pp105, weakly induced other protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and additionally induced only minimal T cell costimulation. Using immunoblotting, we have identified some of the tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins to be phospholipase C gamma (pp140), pp125 focal adhesion kinase (pp120), paxillin (pp70 and pp50), p59fyn/p56lck (pp60-55), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (pp45). Since solid phase cross-linking of VLA-4 by B2 epitope-specific Ab induced T cell costimulation most strongly via the CD3 pathway, our results suggested that the above tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins may play an important role in VLA-4-mediated T cell costimulatory signaling events.
Remote Access to Medical Specialists (RAMS) - Remote Patient Care Monitoring Test Bed (2002)

The purpose of this program is to demonstrate the applicability of advanced digital medicine techniques to military medicine. It consists of two parts: Critical Care and Chronic Care. The Critical Care portion of this program enables a doctor at Tripler Army Medical Center (TAMC) to view patients and data from patients in the ICU at USNH Guam. This portion of the program was subcontracted to VISICU, a company which has installed --somewhat similar systems in the past. The Chronic Care portion is intended to enable a physician to monitor blood glucose and blood pressure taken by patients in their homes form the physician's office. The hardware and software components for the Chronic Care portion are largely complete. The components work in a test setting, but due to difficulties obtaining approvals form IRB and other relevant groups, the hardware and software have not been tested in a doctor/patient setting during this program.
Mitochondrial–nuclear genome interactions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice (2014)

NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) involves significant changes in liver metabolism characterized by oxidative stress, lipid accumulation and fibrogenesis. Mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic defects also contribute to NAFLD. In the present study, we examined whether differences in mtDNA influence NAFLD. To determine the role of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in NAFLD, MNX (mitochondrial-nuclear exchange) mice were fed an atherogenic diet. MNX mice have mtDNA from C57BL/6J mice on a C3H/HeN nuclear background and vice versa. Results from MNX mice were compared with wild-type C57BL/6J and C3H/HeN mice fed a control or atherogenic diet. Mice with the C57BL/6J nuclear genome developed more macrosteatosis, inflammation and fibrosis compared with mice containing the C3H/HeN nuclear genome when fed the atherogenic diet. These changes were associated with parallel alterations in inflammation and fibrosis gene expression in wild-type mice, with intermediate responses in MNX mice. Mice with the C57BL/6J nuclear genome had increased State 4 respiration, whereas MNX mice had decreased State 3 respiration and RCR (respiratory control ratio) when fed the atherogenic diet. Complex IV activity and most mitochondrial biogenesis genes were increased in mice with the C57BL/6J nuclear or mitochondrial genome, or both fed the atherogenic diet. These results reveal new interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and support the concept that mtDNA influences mitochondrial function and metabolic pathways implicated in NAFLD.
A New Synthesis of β-Cyanoesters (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Synthesis of β-CyanoestersCAROL K. SAUERS and ROBERT J. COTTERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 1, 6–10Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01060a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01060a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recent innovations in UHPLC columns and instrumentation (2014)

Ten years after the introduction of the first commercial ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system, the pace of progress has not slowed. We describe recent innovations in UHPLC columns and instruments, focusing on those intended primarily for reversed-phase separations of analytes with molecular weights less than about 5000 Daltons, using columns with internal diameters of 2.1 mm. New columns packed with sub-2-µm solid-core particles have produced efficiencies greater than 400,000 plates/m, more than 40% higher than those of columns packed with sub-2-µm fully porous particles. In addition, columns containing charged surface particles give higher peak capacities for separations of positively charged analytes when using the low ionic strength, acidic mobile phases preferred for electrospray mass spectrometric detection. The narrow peaks produced by these columns require instruments having extremely low dispersion. We review recent progress in measuring and reducing system dispersion.
Reaction of N2+ beams with aluminum surfaces (1981)

Reactions of N2+ ion beams with the surface of clean polycrystalline aluminum over the energy range of 300–4000 eV are studied by the techniques of x-ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The reaction produces a nitride layer which the depth–concentration profiles reveal to be a superposition of two distributions: the first is a continuous AlN phase at the near surface to a depth of ∼20 Å and the second is a region of lower nitrogen concentration tailing deeper into the Al substrate where a complete AlN phase has not been established. The AlN film is characterized by the agreement of the binding energies of the N 1s (397.3 eV) and Al 2p (74.1 eV) lines, of the kinetic energy of the Al KLL line (1338.9 eV), and of the Auger parameter (1463.0 eV) with a known standard of AlN. The N/Al ratio initially increases linearly with the nitrogen ion dose at low concentrations and finally reaches a steady state condition, determined by the opposing rates of nitridation and sputtering by impinging ions, at a dose of ∼1×1016 ions cm−2. The reaction cross section is found to vary from 2.0×10−16 to 4.7×10−17 cm2 over the ion energy range of 0.3–1.0 keV. A reaction mechanism which is supported by these results is discussed.
Transforming growth factor‐beta 1 pathways in inflammatory airway diseases (2014)

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) has been reported being involved in the remodeling and immunosuppression processes of inflammatory airway diseases; understanding the regulation of TGF-β1 is therefore a key to unravel the pathomechanisms of these diseases. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge on the influencing factors for driving TGF-β1 and its regulatory pathways in inflammatory airway diseases and discusses possible therapeutic approaches to TGF-β1 control. The factors include smoking and oxidative stress, prostaglandins (PGs), leukotrienes (LTs), bradykinin (BK), and microRNAs (miRs). Based on the summary, new innovative treatment strategies may be developed for inflammatory airway diseases with an impaired expression of TGF-β1.