gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Home telemonitoring for respiratory conditions: a systematic review. (2009)

Home telemonitoring of respiratory conditions results in early identification of deteriorations in patient condition and symptom control. Positive patient attitude and receptiveness of this approach are promising. However, evidence on the magnitude of clinical and structural effects remains preliminary, with variations in study approaches and an absence of robust study designs and formal evaluations. Assessment of providers' attitudes toward telemonitoring and its effect on their workload is necessary.
Beitrag zum Problem der Konsistenz‐Beurteilung von Hartfetten in der Süßwaren‐Industrie (1963)

Abstract Vf. diskutiert die Konsistenz von Hartfetten im Hinblick auf die Belange der Süßwaren‐Industrie und beschreibt eine einfache Methode zur Demonstration des Festigkeits‐Temperatur‐Status von Fetten bzw. fetthaltigen Zubereitungen. Die Unterschiede im Festigkeits‐Verhalten einiger Fette bei gleichzeitiger Beachtung ihrer Schmelzpunkte werden aufgezeigt und Vorschläge zur Nutzanwendung in der Praxis gemacht.
Enhanced permeation parameters of optimized nanostructured simvastatin transdermal films:<i>ex vivo</i>and<i>in vivo</i>evaluation (2014)

The two-step optimization implemented to optimize and control the experimental conditions for the preparation of SMV-SNEDDS-transdermal film with improved ex vivo skin permeation and enhanced in vivo parameters.
Production of Atomic Displacements by High-Energy Particles (1956)

The processes by which atoms in solids are displaced from their normal positions by high-energy neutrons, cyclotron particles, and electrons are discussed. A radiation damage model is presented which involves two basic features: (1) the production of interstitial atoms and vacant lattice sites, and (2) the production of displacement spikes. These two concepts are sufficient to account for most of the observed property changes resulting from atomic displacement by high-energy particles. Some of the experimental results which provide the most direct support for these concepts are presented.
Research on the Remote Monitoring and Intelligent Fault Diagnosis System (2008)

Based on the techniques of power electronics, fault diagnosis and network, a remote monitoring and fault diagnosis system with combination of a three-layer C/S structure and Internet is presented, which achieves with high compatibility between different equipment. Furthermore, the paper focuses on the discussion about the structure of compatibility between systems, the compatibility design of remote monitoring and the realization of field control equipment, such as the data collection sub-system, the real-time monitoring sub-system, the fault diagnosis sub-system and the data disposal and management sub-system, and the design of the data transferring sub-system and the data disposal and management sub-system, and the design of the data transferring sub-system and the communication protocol format.
Increases in Phenolic, Fatty Acid, and Phytosterol Contents and Anticancer Activities of Sweet Potato after Fermentation by <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (2018)

Phenolic, fatty acid, and phytosterol contents in sweet potato (SP) fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus were evaluated and compared with those of raw and boiled SPs. The differences in the profiles and levels of phenolics between the raw and boiled SPs were not as significant as the differences between those and the fermented SP. The levels of caffeic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in fermented SP were more than 4 times higher than those in raw and boiled SPs. Two phenolics, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid, which were not detected in either raw or boiled SP, were found in fermented SP. The level of each fatty acid or phytosterol increased in fermented SP and decreased in boiled SP. Among the hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts obtained from raw and fermented SPs, the hydrophilic extract of fermented SP exhibited the highest capability of inhibiting cancer-cell PC-12 proliferation. However, each of the extracts had very low cytotoxicities to normal-monkey-kidney-cell growth. The results indicated that SP fermented by L. acidophilus significantly increased free antioxidant-rich phenolics and inhibited cancer-cell-proliferation activity without cytotoxicity to normal cells.
tRNA(Trp) translation of leader peptide codon 12 and other factors that regulate expression of the tryptophanase operon (1990)

Tryptophanase (tna) operon expression in Escherichia coli is induced by tryptophan. This response is mediated by features of a 319-base-pair leader region preceding the major structural genes of the operon. Translation of the coding region (tnaC) for a 24-amino-acid leader peptide is essential for induction. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the role of the single Trp codon, at position 12 in tnaC, in regulation of the operon. Codon 12 was changed to either a UAG or UGA stop codon or to a CGG arginine codon. Induction by tryptophan was eliminated by any of these changes. Studies with suppressor tRNAs indicated that tRNA(Trp) translation of codon 12 in tnaC is essential for induction of the operon. Reduction of tna expression by a miaA mutation supports a role for translation by tRNA(Trp) in regulation of the operon. Frameshift mutations and suppression that allows translation of tnaC to proceed beyond the normal stop codon result in constitutive tna operon expression. Deletion of a potential site for Rho factor utilization just beyond tnaC also results in partial constitutive expression. These studies suggest possible models for tryptophan induction of tna operon expression involving tRNA(Trp)-mediated frame shifting or readthrough at the tnaC stop codon.
Enzymic acylation of 506U78 (2-amino-9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6- methoxy-9H-purine), a powerful new anti-leukaemic agent. (1999)

A practical enzymic approach for acylation of 506U78 (2-amino-9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-methoxy -9H-purine), a powerful anti-leukaemic agent, is described. Novozyme-435, an immobilized preparation of Candida antarctica lipase, was used to acylate 506U78 regioselectively at the 5'-position. This rendered the compound more soluble and bioavailable. Vinyl acetate was used as the acyl donor and reactions were carried out in anhydrous 1,4-dioxane with up to 100 g/l of substrate input. Bioconversions were optimised to achieve impurity (3'-mono- and di-acetates) levels of less than 0.5%.
New Open‐Chain and Cyclic Tetrapeptides, Consisting of <i>α</i>‐, <i>β</i><sup>2</sup>‐, and <i>β</i><sup>3</sup>‐Amino‐Acid Residues, as Somatostatin Mimics – A Survey (2008)

Abstract Cyclo‐ β ‐tetrapeptides are known to adopt a conformation with an intramolecular transannular hydrogen bond in solution. Analysis of this structure reveals that incorporation of a β 2 ‐amino‐acid residue should lead to mimics of ‘ α ‐peptidic β ‐turns’ ( cf. A, B, C ). It is also known that short‐chain mixed β / α ‐peptides with appropriate side chains can be used to mimic interactions between α ‐peptidic hairpin turns and G protein‐coupled receptors. Based on these facts, we have now prepared a number of cyclic and open‐chain tetrapeptides, 7 – 20 , consisting of α ‐, β 2 ‐, and β 3 ‐amino‐acid residues, which bear the side chains of Trp and Lys, and possess backbone configurations such that they should be capable of mimicking somatostatin in its affinity for the human SRIF receptors (hsst 1–5 ). All peptides were prepared by solid‐phase coupling by the Fmoc strategy. For the cyclic peptides, the three‐dimensional orthogonal methodology ( Scheme 3 ) was employed with best success. The new compounds were characterized by high‐resolution mass spectrometry, NMR and CD spectroscopy, and, in five cases, by a full NMR‐solution‐structure determination (in MeOH or H 2 O; Fig. 4 ). The affinities of the new compounds for the receptors hsst 1–5 were determined by competition with [ 125 I]LTT‐SRIF 28 or [ 125 I] [Tyr 10 ]‐CST 14 . In Table 1 , the data are listed, together with corresponding values of all β ‐ and γ ‐peptidic somatostatin/ Sandostatin ® mimics measured previously by our groups. Submicromolar affinities have been achieved for most of the human SRIF receptors hsst 1–5 . Especially high, specific binding affinities for receptor hsst 4 (which is highly expressed in lung and brain tissue, although still of unknown function!) was observed with some of the β ‐peptidic mimics. In view of the fact that numerous peptide‐activated G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) recognize ligands with turn structure ( Table 2 ), the results reported herein are relevant far beyond the realm of somatostatin: many other peptide GPCRs should be ‘reached’ with β ‐ and γ ‐peptidic mimics as well, and these compounds are proteolytically and metabolically stable, and do not need to be cell‐penetrating for this purpose ( Fig. 5 ).
Absorption and scattering of light by Pt, Pd, Ag, and Au nanodisks: Absolute cross sections and branching ratios (2007)

Localized surface plasmons (LSPs) of metallic nanoparticles decay either radiatively or via an electron-hole pair cascade. In this work, the authors have experimentally and theoretically explored the branching ratio of the radiative and nonradiative LSP decay channels for nanodisks of Ag, Au, Pt, and Pd, with diameters D ranging from 38 to 530 nm and height h=20 nm, supported on a fused silica substrate. The branching ratio for the two plasmon decay channels was obtained by measuring the absorption and scattering cross sections as a function of photon energy. The former was obtained from measured extinction and scattering coefficients, using an integrating sphere detector combined with particle density measurements obtained from scanning electron microscopy images of the nanoparticles. Partly angle-resolved measurements of the scattered light allowed the authors to clearly identify contributions from dipolar and higher plasmonic modes to the extinction, scattering, and absorption cross sections. Based on these experiments they find that absorption dominates the total scattering cross section in all the examined cases for small metallic nanodisks (D<100 nm). For D>100 nm absorption still dominates for Pt and Pd nanodisks, while scattering dominates for Au and Ag. A theoretical approach, where the metal disks are approximated as oblate spheroids, is used to account for the trends in the measured cross sections. The field problem is solved in the electrostatic limit. The spheroid is treated as an induced dipole for which the dipolar polarizability is calculated based on spheroid geometry and the (bulk) dielectric response function of the metal the spheroid consists of and the dielectric medium surrounding it. One might expect this model to be inappropriate for disks with D>100 nm since effects due to the retardation of the incoming field across the metallic nanodisk and contributions from higher plasmonic modes are neglected. However, this model describes quite well the energy dependence of the dipolar resonance, the full width at half maximum, and the total extinction cross section for all four metallic systems, even when 100<D<500 nm, indicating that the combined contribution of the effects not included in the model is small for the systems studied. For this reason the authors have extended the use of the same model to study scattering/absorption branching ratios. The main conclusions include the following. (i) Both the magnitude and peak position in extinction cross section are well accounted for by the model. (ii) The branching ratio for radiative and nonradiative decay is reasonably well accounted for. (iii) The model fails to account for the correct magnitudes of the measured absorption and scattering cross sections for larger particles in the case of Ag and Au. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.
Existing Condition and Migration Property of Ions in Lithium Electrolytes with Ionic Liquid Solvent (2007)

Ionization conditions of each ionic species in lithium ionic liquid electrolytes, LiTFSI/BMI-TFSI and LiTFSI/BDMI-TFSI, were confirmed based on the diffusion coefficients of the species measured by the pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR technique. We found that the diffusion coefficient ratios of the cation and anion species D(Li)(obs)/D(F)(obs) of the lithium salt and D(H)(obs)/D(F)(obs) of the ionic liquid solvent were effective guides to evaluate the ionization condition responsible for their mobility. Lithium ions were found to be stabilized, forming the solvated species as Li(TFSI)3(2-). TFSI- anion coordination could be relaxed by the dispersion of silica to form a gel electrolyte, LiTFSI/BDMI-TFSI/silica. It is expected that the oxygen sites on the silica directly attract Li+, releasing the TFSI- coordination. The lithium species, loosing TFSI- anions, kept a random walk feature in the gel without the diffusion restriction attributed from the strong chemical and morphological effect as that in the gel with the polymer. We can conclude that the silica dispersion is a significant approach to provide the appropriate lithium ion condition as a charge-transporting species in the ionic liquid electrolytes.
Measurements of HCl and HF above Arizona from 1970 to 2012 (2012)

We have observed at high resolution spectroscopic changes in Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) and Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) atmospheric trace gases from the 1970s through 2012. HCl rose in strength through 1998 and then decreased to 2012. HF has shown a continual increase to date. Both results are in general agreement with observations from the Jungfraujoch in the Swiss alps.
IL-7– and IL-15–Mediated TCR Sensitization Enables T Cell Responses to Self-Antigens (2013)

Regulation of the ERK pathway is intimately involved in determining whether TCR stimulation is productive or induces anergy. T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased ERK responsiveness, which may be relevant for disease pathogenesis. Inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α did not reproduce the TCR hypersensitivity typical for RA in T cells from healthy individuals. In contrast, priming with the homeostatic cytokines (HCs) IL-7 and IL-15 amplified ERK phosphorylation to TCR stimulation 2- to 3-fold. The underlying mechanism involved a priming of the SOS-dependent amplification loop of RAS activation. The sensitization of the TCR signaling pathway has downstream consequences, such as increased proliferation and preferential Th1 differentiation. Importantly, priming with IL-7 or IL-15 enabled T cell responses to autoantigens associated with RA. Production of HCs is induced in lymphopenic conditions, which have been shown to predispose for autoimmunity and which appear to be present in the preclinical stages of RA. We propose that HCs, possibly induced by lymphopenia, decrease the signaling threshold for TCR activation and are thereby partly responsible for autoimmunity in RA.
Thrombin activity of fibrin thrombi and soluble plasmic derivatives. (1983)

Fibrin was prepared from purified fibrinogen, plasma, and pathologic arterial thrombi and assayed for thrombin activity. Activity was detected on fibrin from each of these sources when assayed by three techniques: the rate of release of FPA from fibrinogen, a clotting time assay, and the rate of hydrolysis of the chromogenic substrate S-2238. Of the labeled thrombin initially associated with fibrin during clot formation in vitro, all but 10% to 15% could be removed easily by manual compression or by incubation in buffer. Radiolabeled thrombin that remained bound to clots of purified fibrinogen retained full functional activity, whereas that bound to plasma clots expressed only 4% of expected activity. Plasmic lysis of fibrin from clots of purified fibrinogen released bound thrombin quantitatively into solution in active form. The solubilized thrombin retained association with specific macromolecular fibrin derivatives as demonstrated by sedimentation analysis, electrophoretic co-migration, and partitioning in agarose gel. Plasmic lysates of fibrin prepared in vitro from plasma or pathologic arterial clots also expressed thrombin activity, in an amount similar to the fibrin from which they were prepared. Our studies demonstrate the presence of functionally active thrombin on fibrin prepared from in vitro clots and in vivo thrombi as well as in association with soluble plasmic derivatives of these substrates. This activity may constitute a prothrombotic influence and may contribute to the elevated FPA-levels seen in patients with thrombotic disease.
Base-mesocompact Spaces (2010)

在这份报纸， base-mesocompactness 的符号被介绍，下列结果主要被获得:( 1 )让 X 是 X.If X 的一个 F 子集是的 base-mesocompact 和X'正常，当时，X'是相对让的X.( 2 )的 base-mesocompact f : X Y 是印射的 base-mesocompact ，(X)是 X 的常规集的势， w (X)(Y) .If Y 是 base-mesocompact 并且常规，当时， X 是让的base-mesocompact.( 3 ) f : X Y 是与常规领域印射的关上的 lindelof ，常规 range.If Y 是 base-mesocompact ，当时， X 是base-mesocompact.( 4 ) L
The Role of Emotions in Context-aware Recommendation (2013)

Context-aware recommender systems try to adapt to users ’ pref-erences across different contexts and have been proven to provide better predictive performance in a number of domains. Emotion is one of the most popular contextual variables, but few researcher-s have explored how emotions take effect in recommendations – especially the usage of the emotional variables other than the ef-fectiveness alone. In this paper, we explore the role of emotions in context-aware recommendation algorithms. More specifically, we evaluate two types of popular context-aware recommendation algo-rithms – context-aware splitting approaches and differential context modeling. We examine predictive performance, and also explore the usage of emotions to discover how emotional features interact with those context-aware recommendation algorithms in the rec-ommendation process.
Beyond Langevin Recombination: How Equilibrium Between Free Carriers and Charge Transfer States Determines the Open‐Circuit Voltage of Organic Solar Cells (2015)

Organic solar cells lag behind their inorganic counterparts in efficiency due largely to low open‐circuit voltages ( V oc ). In this work, a comprehensive framework for understanding and improving the open‐circuit voltage of organic solar cells is developed based on equilibrium between charge transfer (CT) states and free carriers. It is first shown that the ubiquitous reduced Langevin recombination observed in organic solar cells implies equilibrium and then statistical mechanics is used to calculate the CT state population density at each voltage. This general result permits the quantitative assignment of V oc losses to a combination of interfacial energetic disorder, non‐negligible CT state binding energies, large degrees of mixing, and sub‐ns recombination at the donor/acceptor interface. To quantify the impact of energetic disorder, a new temperature‐dependent CT state absorption measurement is developed. By analyzing how the apparent CT energy varies with temperature, the interfacial disorder can be directly extracted. 63–104 meV of disorder is found in five systems, contributing 75–210 mV of V oc loss. This work provides an intuitive explanation for why qV oc is almost always 500–700 meV below the energy of the CT state and shows how the voltage can be improved.
Real time excitation-emission spectra for in vivo disease diagnosis (2002)

It has been demonstrated that fluorescence spectroscopy is able to distinguish between diseased and healthy tissue and now is being explored as a potential tool for the diagnosis of disease. This often requires complete characterization of the absorption and fluorescence properties of normal and abnormal tissues over the near UV and visible regions. Such information is often collected and displayed in the form of an excitation emission matrix (EEM). We have designed, fabricated, and tested a compact, transportable EEM system capable of collecting multi-excitation spectra in approximately 600 milliseconds in a reliable manner. This is an increase in data collection speed of at least an order of magnitude over some other previous systems and is an essential advantage when measuring spectroscopic signals in vivo. Spectra can be collected from the same tissue site, without artifacts due to probe displacement caused by heartbeats, breathing and other body motions, and without undue strain on the patience of the physician and patient. A white light source provides simultaneous measurement of diffuse reflectance from the same tissue site on each cycle, giving important additional diagnostic information. Our system uses a 337 nm nitrogen laser to pump a sequence of ten dye cuvettes located on a rotating wheel. The pump is also used as an excitation source, providing a total of eleven excitation wavelengths approximately uniformly spaced in the range 337 to 505 nm. By changing the dyes used, the excitation wavelengths can be varied as required.
Constrained MMSE-RAKE receivers for DS/CDMA systems in multipath fading channels (2002)

The constrained minimum mean square error (CMMSE)-RAKE receivers for multipath fading channels are analyzed. In particular, it is shown that for known channels the output signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) of the CMMSE-RAKE receiver with a single constraint (Type 1) is greater than or equal to that of the CMMSE-RAKE with multiple constraints (Type 2). For Type 1 CMMSE-RAKE receiver, a maximum likelihood (ML) channel estimate is derived. Computer simulation results indicate that CMMSE receivers improve the bit error rate (BER) as compared with the conventional RAKE and currently available adaptive MMSE receivers, and that Type 1 performs the best.
An Introduction to the Analysis and Processing of Signals (1989)

In his revision of this established textbook the author has concentrated on revising chapter 1 to outline modern developments, particularly in digital signal processing. Chapter 6 on signal comparison
Generation of file processing programs based on JSP (1989)

Abstract This paper describes the generation of file processing programmes within the TUBA environment. Program structures are derived from data structures according to the JSP method. Expressions describing output data are specified in user‐system dialogues. The program specifications are stored in the dictionary. Complete executable programs can be generated from these specifications.
Evaluation of an Immunoisolation Membrane Formed by Incorporating a Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel within a Microporous Filter Support (1997)

An immunoisolation membrane formed by incorporating a high water content polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel into a microporous polyether sulfone (PES) filter has been investigated in this study. The PVA hydrogel is formed in situ within the filter pores via glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinking under acidic conditions. The tortuous nature of the microporous filter pores securely anchors the embedded hydrogel to provide excellent structural integrity. The high void fraction of the PES filter support (>80%) and high water content of the PVA hydrogel (>85% water by weight) allow excellent solute transport rates, while an appropriate level of glutaraldehyde crosslinking supplies the required molecular size selectivity. In vitro permeability measurements made with solutes covering a wide range of molecular sizes demonstrate high transport rates for small nutrient molecules with rapidly diminishing permeabilities above a molecular weight of approximately 1,000 Dalton. Implantation experiments show that the membrane properties are not deleteriously affected by prolonged in vivo exposure or common sterilization techniques. Thus, this hybrid hydrogel/filter membrane system offers a promising approach to the immunoisolation of implanted cells.