gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Late stent thrombosis associated with coronary aneurysm formation after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. (2007)

Stent thrombosis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of coronary stent implantation. Its occurrence late after drug-eluting stent (DES) deployment has led to concerns regarding their long-term safety. We report a case of late stent thrombosis 26 months after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) (Cypher, Cordis Corp., Miami, Florida) implantation. This was associated with marked positive vessel remodeling and coronary aneurysm formation involving the stented segment of the coronary artery. The patient was on dual antiplatelet therapy at the time.
Traffic coordination at road intersections: Autonomous decision-making algorithms using model-based heuristics (2017)

This article focuses on the traffic coordination problem at traffic intersections. We present a decentralized coordination approach, combining optimal control with model-based heuristics. We show how model-based heuristics can lead to low-complexity solutions that are suitable for a fast online implementation, and analyze its properties in terms of efficiency, feasibility and optimality. Finally, simulation results for different scenarios are also presented.
Optical Interference Filters for the Adjustment of Spectral Response and Spectral Power Distribution (1970)

It is shown that sufficient progress in the design and manufacture of thin film interference filters has been made to consider the construction of filters with the rather complicated spectral characteristics necessary for the adjustment of the spectral response and spectral power distributions. By way of example, the calculated and experimental performance of filters for changing the color temperature of a light source and for duplicating the color mixture functions of the CIE standard observer are given. Other examples discussed are filters for obtaining a uniform spectral response of optical systems consisting of a light source and a monochromator, with or without a detector.
KANGAROO CARE FOR PREMATURE INFANTS (1986)

Gene Cranston Anderson, RN, PhD, FAAN, is a professor of nursing and Elizabeth A. Marks, RN, is a graduate student in pediatric nursing, both at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Vivian Wahlberg, RN, CM, Dr. Med. Sci., is a nurse researcher at the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. The trip to Bogotá and the research conducted there was supported by a grant to Dr. Anderson from Donald Price, Vice President of Research, University of Florida, and by a grant to Dr. Wahlberg from the University of Alberta (Canada) Faculty of Nursing Research Trust Fund.
Visible Laser‐Induced In Situ Cell Detachment from Gold Nanoparticle‐Embedded Collagen Gel (2016)

Cell sorting is important for cell biology and regenerative medicine. A visible light-responsive cell scaffold is produced using gold nanoparticles and collagen gel. Various kinds of cells are cultured on the visible light-responsive cell scaffold, and the target cells are selectively detached by photoirradiation without any cytotoxicity. This is a new image-guided cell sorting system.
Tolerance: Of mice and men (2003)

Little is known about the effect of an individualâs immune history on his or her response to an allogeneic tissue transplant. An important study now reveals that individuals harboring virally-induced memory T cells that are cross reactive with donor alloantigen are resistant to conventional strategies designed to induce transplant tolerance.
Dense Deposit Disease and C3 Glomerulopathy (2013)

C3 glomerulopathy refers to those renal lesions characterized histologically by predominant C3 accumulation within the glomerulus, and pathogenetically by aberrant regulation of the alternative pathway of complement. Dense deposit disease is distinguished from other forms of C3 glomerulopathy by its characteristic appearance on electron microscopy. The extent to which dense deposit disease also differs from other forms of C3 glomerulopathy in terms of clinical features, natural history, and outcomes of treatment including renal transplantation is less clear. We discuss the pathophysiology of C3 glomerulopathy, with evidence for alternative pathway dysregulation obtained from affected individuals and complement factor H (Cfh)-deficient animal models. Recent linkage studies in familial C3 glomerulopathy have shown genomic rearrangements in the Cfh-related genes, for which the novel pathophysiologic concept of Cfh deregulation has been proposed.
Luminaires for explosive atmospheres: Evaluating new technologies from the IEC and NEC perspectives (2010)

Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories (NRTLs) and Explosive Atmosphere Notified Bodies (ExNBs) test luminaire products to IEC, CENELEC and ANSI standards in order to rate products appropriately for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. The ultimate goal of this testing is to ensure safety for end-users―a goal that is shared by design engineers, manufacturers, testing bodies and end-users alike. Despite the shared goal of safety, however, the specifics of luminaire design, construction, testing, installation and maintenance can vary widely, raising questions about how standards should be interpreted and applied. IEC and ANSI provide similar standards, and we endorse the ongoing convergence toward a global set of harmonized standards. But as new technologies emerge, standards must continue to evolve, while manufacturers and testing bodies must continue to evaluate and fine-tune their interpretation of standards in real-world conditions. Safety, as always, should be the number-one concern. This paper discusses existing and emerging luminaire technologies in the light of current standards and testing methodologies, and proposes best practices that go beyond the standards to ensure the safety of luminaire products installed in potentially explosive atmospheres. Far more important than simply meeting a standard, product manufacturing, testing, installation and maintenance must be performed with the goal of ensuring unquestioned product safety.
The false-negative mammogram. (1998)

In general, failure to detect or correctly characterize breast cancer can be attributed to one of four main factors: inherent limitations of screen-film mammography, inadequate radiographic technique, subtle or unusual lesion characteristics, and interpretation error. The restricted latitude and display contrast of screen-film mammography are among the significant factors that result in decreased visualization of breast tumors and microcalcifications in patients with dense fibroglandular tissue. Unlike the inherent limitations of screen-film mammography, a poor radiographic technique can be improved on and should be eliminated. Crucial components of a well-performed mammographic examination are correct positioning, adequate compression, and proper image exposure. Lesion characteristics that may lead to a false-negative mammogram include small size, a site where visualization is difficult, visualization on only one view, a benign or probably benign appearance, lack of a desmoplastic reaction, and slow or no apparent growth. Causes of interpretation error include suboptimal viewing conditions, outside distractions, lack of a systematic approach, oversight of a subtle lesion because of an obvious finding, lack of knowledge of clinical findings, imprecise correlation with results of other studies, and nonbelief. Recognition of these various factors should help decrease the rate of false-negative mammograms.
The role of promoter hypermethylation in fibroblast activation and fibrogenesis (2012)

The aberrant methylation of CpG island promoters of selected genes is the prominent epigenetic mechanism by which gene transcription can be effectively silenced. Aberrant hypermethylation of a few selected genes plays an important role in facilitating fibrotic fibroblast activation and in driving fibrogenesis. Here we review mechanisms of DNA methylation and demethylation and their implications for fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis.
Investigation of the Effect of the Top and the Bottom Temperatures on the Performance of Humidification Dehumidification Desalination Systems (2016)

Humidification dehumidification process is an attractive small scale water desalination technique in which desalinated water is produced by mimicking the nature’s water cycle. Various modifications to the basic HDH system can be vital in improving the productivity and reducing the production cost of the fresh water. In this study, a closed-air-open-water water-heated (CAOW-WH) cycle and a closed-air-open-water air-heated (CAOW-AH) cycle are modeled and optimized. Effects of mass flow ratio, humidifier and dehumidifier effectiveness, relative humidity, top and bottom temperatures (main concern of study) on the gain output ratio (GOR), the recovery ratio (RR), entropy generation in the system have been analyzed and presented. It has been observed that an optimal mass flow ratio exists for both the cycles, which maximizes the GOR of the system. Moreover, effectiveness of the humidifier and the dehumidifier is an important parameter, which determines the productivity of the systems. Furthermore, a higher GOR can be obtained at low Tmin and high Tmax and at high Tmin and low Tmax for systems heated by a water heater, whereas the GOR of the air heated HDH system increases with increasing both the Tmin and the Tmax for values of humidifier and dehumidifier effectiveness of 0.8. This study provide extended design charts for building an optimum HDH system to produce a pre-determined rate of desalinated water.
Overview of the fifth text REtrieval conference (TREC-5) (1996)

This paper serves as an introduction to the research described in detail in the remainder of the volume. The next section defines the common retrieval tasks performed in TREC-5. Sections 3 and 4 provide details regarding the test collections and the evaluation methodology used in TREC. Section 5 provides an overview of the retrieval results. The final section summarizes the main themes learned from the experiments.
Inferring Protective CD8+ T-Cell Epitopes for NS5 Protein of Four Serotypes of Dengue Virus Chinese Isolates Based on HLA-A, -B and -C Allelic Distribution: Implications for Epitope-Based Universal Vaccine Design (2015)

Dengue is one of the most globally serious vector-borne infectious diseases in tropical and subtropical areas for which there are currently no effective vaccines. The most highly conserved flavivirus protein, NS5, is an indispensable target of CD8+ T-cells, making it an ideal vaccine design target. Using the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB), CD8+ T-cell epitopes of the dengue virus (DENV) NS5 protein were predicted by genotypic frequency of the HLA-A,-B, and-C alleles in Chinese population. Antigenicity scores of all predicted epitopes were analyzed using VaxiJen v2.0. The IEDB analysis revealed that 116 antigenic epitopes for HLA-A (21),-B (53), and-C (42) had high affinity for HLA molecules. Of them, 14 had 90.97-99.35% conversancy among the four serotypes. Moreover, five candidate epitopes, including 200NS5210 (94.84%, A*11:01), 515NS5525 (98.71%, A*24:02), 225NS5232 (99.35%, A*33:03), 516NS5523 (98.71%, A*33:03), and 284NS5291 (98.06%, A*33:03), were presented by HLA-A. Four candidate epitopes, including 234NS5241 (96.77%, B*13:01), 92NS599 (98.06%, B*15:01, B*15:02, and B*46:01), 262NS5269 (92.90%, B*38:02), and 538NS5547 (90.97%, B*51:01), were presented by HLA-B. Another 9 candidate epitopes, including 514NS5522 (98.71%, C*01:02), 514NS5524 (98.71%, C*01:02 and C*14:02), 92NS599 (98.06%, C*03:02 and C*15:02), 362NS5369 (44.84%, C*03:04 and C*08:01), 225NS5232 (99.35%, C*04:01), 234NS5241(96.77%, C*04:01), 361NS5369 (94.84%, C*04:01), 515NS5522 (98.71%, C*14:02), 515NS5524 (98.71%, C*14:02), were presented by HLA-C. Further data showed that the four-epitope combination of 92NS599 (B*15:01, B*15:02, B*46:01, C*03:02 and C*15:02), 200NS5210 (A*11:01), 362NS5369 (C*03:04, C*08:01), and 514NS5524 (C*01:02, C*14:02) could vaccinate >90% of individuals in China. Further in vivo study of our inferred novel epitopes will be needed for a T-cell epitope-based universal vaccine development that may prevent all four China-endemic DENV serotypes.
Surface organelles assembled by secretion systems of Gram-negative bacteria: diversity in structure and function (2012)

Gram-negative bacteria express a wide variety of organelles on their cell surface. These surface structures may be the end products of secretion systems, such as the hair-like fibers assembled by the chaperone/usher (CU) and type IV pilus pathways, which generally function in adhesion to surfaces and bacterial-bacterial and bacterial-host interactions. Alternatively, the surface organelles may be integral components of the secretion machinery itself, such as the needle complex and pilus extensions formed by the type III and type IV secretion systems, which function in the delivery of bacterial effectors inside host cells. Bacterial surface structures perform functions critical for pathogenesis and have evolved to withstand forces exerted by the external environment and cope with defenses mounted by the host immune system. Given their essential roles in pathogenesis and exposed nature, bacterial surface structures also make attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. This review will describe the structure and function of surface organelles assembled by four different Gram-negative bacterial secretion systems: the CU pathway, the type IV pilus pathway, and the type III and type IV secretion systems.
Antifungal activity of schinol and a new biphenyl compound isolated from Schinus terebinthifolius against the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (2010)

This work reveals for the first time the occurrence of compound 2 and discloses activity of compounds 1 and 2 against several clinical isolates of P. brasiliensis. These results justify further studies to clarify the mechanisms of action of these compounds.
The Cell Biology of Hermansky–Pudlak Syndrome: Recent Advances (2005)

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) defines a group of at least seven autosomal recessive disorders characterized by albinism and prolonged bleeding. These manifestations arise from defects in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, including melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Most genes associated with HPS in humans and rodent models of the disease encode components of multisubunit protein complexes that are expressed ubiquitously and play roles in intracellular protein trafficking and/or organelle distribution. A small GTPase of the Rab family, Rab38, is also implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. This article reviews recent progress toward elucidating the cellular functions of these proteins.
Replacing global wires with an on-chip network: a power analysis (2005)

This paper explores the power implications of replacing global chip wires with an on-chip network. We optimize network links by varying repeater spacing, link pipelining, and voltage scaling, to significantly reduce the energy to send a bit across chip. We develop an analytic model of large chip designs with an on-chip two-dimensional mesh network and estimate the power savings possible in a 70 nm process for two different design points: a circuit-switched ASIC or FPGA design, and a dynamic packet-switched tiled architecture. For circuit-switched networks, achievable power savings are 35--50% for a mesh with 1 mm links. The packet switched designs use multiplexing and signal encoding to reduce the number of link wires required, but the router overhead limits peak wire power savings to around 20% with optimal tile sizes of around 2 mm
XXXVIII.—Additive compounds of antipyrylaminodiacetic acid and its salts with neutral salts (1921)

R. G. Fargher and H. King, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1921, 119, 292 DOI: 10.1039/CT9211900292
The Variable Influence of Dispersant on Degradation of Oil Hydrocarbons in Subarctic Deep-Sea Sediments at Low Temperatures (0–5 °C) (2017)

The microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons at low temperatures was investigated in subarctic deep-sea sediments in the Faroe Shetland Channel (FSC). The effect of the marine oil dispersant, Superdispersant 25 on hydrocarbon degradation was also examined. Sediments collected at 500 and 1000 m depth were spiked with a model oil containing 20 hydrocarbons and incubated at ambient temperature (5 and 0 °C, respectively) with and without marine dispersant. Treatment of sediments with hydrocarbons resulted in the enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria, and specifically the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas, Halomonas, and Cobetia. Hydrocarbon degradation was faster at 5 °C (500 m) with 65-89% of each component degraded after 50 days compared to 0-47% degradation at 0 °C (1000 m), where the aromatic hydrocarbons fluoranthene, anthracene, and Dibenzothiophene showed no degradation. Dispersant significantly increased the rate of degradation at 1000 m, but had no effect at 500 m. There was no statistically significant effect of Superdispersant 25 on the bacterial community structure at either station. These results show that the indigenous bacterial community in the FSC has the capacity to mitigate some of the effects of a potential oil spill, however, the effect of dispersant is ambiguous and further research is needed to understand the implications of its use.
Antiretroviral therapy in sporadic adult amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1993)

Clinical and experimental findings in idiopathic amyothrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) would be compatible with a retroviral involvement. In 35 adult patients with non-familial ALS we observed elevated circulating immune complexes, a decrease in IgG3 isotype and enzyme-linked sorbent assay (ELISA) serum antibodies against human spuma retrovirus (HSRV), confirmed by specific human foamy virus immunoblots. All 35 were negative for IgM or relevant IgG anti-ganglioside antibodies. We treated 12 HIV-negative, immune-complex-positive ALS patients with 500 mg d-1 zidovudine p.o. over 2-10 months and found reductions of serum creatine kinase and circulating immune complexes from two days to two weeks after the beginning of medication.
Advanced Anti-Fouling Membranes for Osmotic Power Generation from Wastewater via Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) (2018)

A facile and versatile approach was demonstrated for the fabrication of low-fouling pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes for osmotic power generation from highly polluted wastewater. A water-soluble zwitterionic random copolymer with superior hydrophilicity and unique chemistry was molecularly designed and synthesized via a single-step free-radical polymerization between 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AEMA). The P[MPC- co-AEMA] copolymer was then chemically grafted onto the surface of PES/Torlon hollow fibers via amino groups coupling of poly(AEMA) with the polyimide structures of Torlon, leaving the zwitterions of poly(MPC) in the feed solution. Because of the outstanding hydrophilicity, unique cationic and anionic groups, and electrical neutrality of the zwitterionic brush, the newly developed membrane showed great resistances to both inorganic scaling and organic fouling in PRO operations. When using a real wastewater brine comprising multifoulants as the feed, the P[MPC- co-AEMA] modified membrane exhibits a much lower flux decline of 37% at Δ P = 0 bar after 24-h tests and a smaller power density decrease of 28% at Δ P = 15 bar within 12-h tests, compared to 61% and 42% respectively for the unmodified one. In addition to the low fouling tendency, the modified membrane shows outstanding performance stability and fouling reversibility, where the flux is almost fully recovered by physical backwash of water at 15 bar for 0.5 h. This study provides valuable insights and strategies for the design and fabrication of effective antifouling materials and membranes for PRO osmotic power generation.
RETRACTED: The amyloid-β oligomer Aβ*56 induces specific alterations in neuronal signaling that lead to tau phosphorylation and aggregation (2017)

Oligomeric forms of amyloid-forming proteins are believed to be the principal initiating bioactive species in many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are implicated in AD-associated phosphorylation and aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. To investigate the specific molecular pathways activated by different assemblies, we isolated various forms of Aβ from Tg2576 mice, which are a model for AD. We found that Aβ*56, a 56-kDa oligomer that is detected before patients develop overt signs of AD, induced specific changes in neuronal signaling. In primary cortical neurons, Aβ*56 interacted with <i>N</i>-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), increased NMDAR-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx, and consequently increased intracellular calcium concentrations and the activation of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent calmodulin kinase IIα (CaMKIIα). In cultured neurons and in the brains of Tg2576 mice, activated CaMKIIα was associated with increased site-specific phosphorylation and missorting of tau, both of which are associated with AD pathology. In contrast, exposure of cultured primary cortical neurons to other oligomeric Aβ forms (dimers and trimers) did not trigger these effects. Our results indicate that distinct Aβ assemblies activate neuronal signaling pathways in a selective manner and that dissecting the molecular events caused by each oligomer may inform more effective therapeutic strategies.
<title>Enhanced target imaging in 3D using GPR data from orthogonal profile lines</title> (2002)

Continuing improvements in computer technology have made 3-D imaging a standard GPR interpretation technique. The most common data collection methodology for 3-D imaging involves collection of data along parallel profile lines. The data are then often migrated and concatenated into a 3-D file. A 3-D image generated from the file is manipulated to detect linear and finite-size targets. The detection of linear and finite-size targets can be enhanced by creating images generated from data collected along orthogonal profile lines. The fact that the minimum angle formed between the long axis of a linear target and one of the orthogonal profile lines is 45 degrees enhances the detection of a linear target because in at least one profile line direction the reflection from the linear target will form the familiar hyperbola and a series of hyperbolas concatenated from parallel profile lines are readily observed in the 3-D image. Perhaps the most beneficial aspect of using bi-directional data is the ability to perform spatial filtering operators to improve detection of linear targets. Background removal filters applied to parallel profile line data will generally erase reflections from pipes or rebar that trend parallel to the direction of the profile lines. Comparisons of the data visualization capabilities between one-direction and orthogonal profile line data collected on reinforced concrete and on a buried pipe test site clearly show the advantages of imaging using orthogonal profile line data on both small and large scales.