gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chronic Pancreatitis: Complications and Management (1999)

Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function. In the majority of cases, particularly in Western populations, the disease is associated with alcohol abuse. The major complications of chronic pancreatitis include abdominal pain, malabsorption, and diabetes. Of these, pain is the most difficult to treat and is therefore the most frustrating symptom for both the patient and the physician. While analgesics form the cornerstone of pain therapy, a number of other treatment modalities (inhibition of pancreatic secretion, antioxidants, and surgery) have also been described. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these modalities is difficult to assess, principally because of the lack of properly controlled clinical trials. Replacement of pancreatic enzymes (particularly lipase) in the gut is the mainstay of treatment for malabsorption; the recent discovery of a bacterial lipase (with high lipolytic activity and resistance to degradation in gastric and duodenal juice) represents an important advance that may significantly increase the efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy by replacing the easily degradable porcine lipase found in existing enzyme preparations. Diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis is difficult to control and its course is often complicated by hypoglycaemic attacks. Therefore, it is essential that caution is exercised when treating this condition with insulin. This paper reviews recent research and prevailing concepts regarding the three major complications of chronic pancreatitis noted above. A comprehensive discussion of current opinion on clinical issues relating to the other known complications of chronic pancreatitis such as pseudocysts, venous thromboses, biliary and duodenal obstruction, biliary cirrhosis, and pancreatic cancer is also presented.
A scanning lidar system for obstacle avoidance in automotive field (1994)

This paper reviews LAAS's lidar system technology, modular mechanical, hardware, and software components, and the basic challenge of integrating this technology into the French Prochip Demonstrator. Among the other salient features discussed in this paper are the human interface, vehicle control, factory floor traffic control, navigation, and sensor data fusion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Thermal cycling apparatus for thermomechanical fatigue testing (1987)

A thermal cycling apparatus for fatigue testing is described. The sample is indirectly heated and cooled in order to allow direct observation and eliminate surface-to-bulk temperature gradients. Short-time constant heaters and coolers are described along with a method of waveform generation which takes the system’s thermal response into account.
Pyrrolopyrimidine nucleosides. Part X. Synthesis of certain 4,5-disubstituted 7-(β-<scp>D</scp>-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin (1975)

The reactivity of the cyano-group of 4-chloro-7-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (5) towards various nucleophiles has been studied. Although both exocyclic groups (Cl and CN) reacted with various nucleophiles, the initial reaction was always a nucleophilic displacement of the 4-chloro-group, and the cyano-group reacted only after this had occurred. Additional studies on the reactivity of the 5-cyano-group towards various nucleophiles (MeNH2, NH2OH, HS–, MeS–), were conducted with groups other than Cl at C-4.The synthesis of 7-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (10) is also reported. Studies comparing the susceptibility towards nucleophilic attack of the 5-cyano-group of (10) with that of the 5-cyano-group of toyocamycin and deaminotoyocamycin (1a) indicate that under both basic and acidic conditions the cyano-function of (10) is the more reactive.
A Highly Active Palladium(I) Dimer for Pharmaceutical Applications (2009)

The Pd(I) dimer [Pd(μ-Br)( t Bu 3 P)] 2 is one of the best third-generation cross-coupling catalysts for carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom coupling reactions. Information on its characterisation and handling are presented, including its decomposition mechanism in the presence of oxygen. The catalytic activity of [Pd(μ-Br)( t Bu 3 P)] 2 is higher than either ( t Bu 3 P)Pd(0) or the in situ generated catalyst system based on Pd 2 (dba) 3 with t Bu 3 P. Examples of suitable reactions for which the Pd(I) dimer offers superior performance are given.
Historia de la U.C.P.R. (2000)

A diferencia de otras instituciones educativas, la Universidad Catolica Popular del Risaralda no fue fundada como un proyecto, sino como una manera de ayudar a unos estudiantes animados por el espiritu de superacion y formar una universidad donde adelantar sus estudios pregrado, en vista de que no existian cupos suficientes o las carreras de su gusto en la Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira.
The Lifestyle of the Segmented Filamentous Bacterium: A Non-Culturable Gut-Associated Immunostimulating Microbe Inferred by Whole-Genome Sequencing (2011)

Numerous microbes inhabit the mammalian intestinal track and strongly impact host physiology; however, our understanding of this ecosystem remains limited owing to the high complexity of the microbial community and the presence of numerous non-culturable microbes. Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFBs), which are clostridia-related Gram-positive bacteria, are among such non-culturable populations and are well known for their unique morphology and tight attachment to intestinal epithelial cells. Recent studies have revealed that SFBs play crucial roles in the post-natal maturation of gut immune function, especially the induction of Th17 lymphocytes. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of mouse SFBs. The genome, which comprises a single circular chromosome of 1 620 005 bp, lacks genes for the biosynthesis of almost all amino acids, vitamins/cofactors and nucleotides, but contains a full set of genes for sporulation/germination and, unexpectedly, for chemotaxis/flagella-based motility. These findings suggest a triphasic lifestyle of the SFB, which comprises two types of vegetative (swimming and epicellular parasitic) phases and a dormant (spore) phase. Furthermore, SFBs encode four types of flagellin, three of which are recognized by Toll-like receptor 5 and could elicit the innate immune response. Our results reveal the non-culturability, lifestyle and immunostimulation mechanisms of SFBs and provide a genetic basis for the future development of the SFB cultivation and gene-manipulation techniques.
A rule-based expert system with colored Petri net models for distribution system service restoration (2002)

A rule-based expert system with a colored Petri net (CPN) inference model is developed for service restoration of distribution systems. The CPN models of distribution components such as four-way line switches are proposed to derive the proper restoration plan after the faulted location has been identified and isolated. The unfaulted but out of service areas are restored by applying parallel-like reasoning in the CPN for multiple contingencies simultaneously. To assure the restoration plan can comply with the operation regulation, heuristic rules based on the standard operation procedures of Taipower distribution system are included in the best first search of the CPN. For the fault contingency during summer peak season, the load shedding is executed and the CPN models are designed to restore service to as many key customers and loads as possible. The priority indices of each feeder and service zone are determined according to the key customers within the service territory. A Taipower distribution system with 18 feeders is selected for computer simulation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. It is found that the service restoration of distribution system can be obtained very efficiently by applying the proposed CPN model.
Blind Adaptive Equalization of Chromatic Dispersion for PDM-QPSK (2014)

We propose a blind adaptive equalizer for compensation of chromatic dispersion. Simulations show no performance degradation while experiments verify adaptive compensation of 88,000ps/nm chromatic dispersion using 42.8Gbit/s PDM-QPSK. © 2014 Engineers Australia.
Centralized maintenance procedures (1994)

In 1989, shortly after Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC) assumed maintenance responsibilities for the Hanford site, a Department of Energy (DOE) maintenance audit found that field (working level) maintenance procedures and procedure practices of the facilities scattered across Hanford`s 560 square miles varied as greatly as the locations of those facilities. In some of the audited facilities there were few or no procedures; in others, procedures conflicted with or were redundant to procedures at other facilities. This document presents current efforts to centralize maintenance procedures.
Inductively coupled stent antennas in MRI (2002)

The development of intimal hyperplasia following stent deployment can lead to narrowing or even occlusion of the stent lumen. The underlying mechanisms leading to neointimal proliferation within stents remain largely unknown. Long-term evaluation of stent patency requires a noninvasive means for assessing the stent lumen. MR angiography (MRA) has shown potential to provide noninvasive assessment of the vascular system. However, a detailed assessment of the stent lumen with MRI is often hampered by material-dependent susceptibility artifacts, as well as by radiofrequency (RF) eddy currents generated inside the electrically conducting stent mesh. In this study, stent prototypes were designed to act as active resonant structures at the Larmor frequency of the MR system. Employing the principle of inductive coupling, the B(1) fields of the stents were coupled to that of an outside surface coil. The stents thus acted as local RF signal amplifiers. Various stent designs were investigated regarding their coupling to an external coil, signal homogeneity, and suitability for mechanical expansion for implantation purposes. The dependency of flip angle amplification on the quality factor Q of the stents was systematically investigated. Phantom experiments revealed signal amplification in all stent prototypes. Signal enhancement inside and close to the surface of the stents enabled their localization with high contrast in MR images. In vivo imaging experiments in the iliac, renal, and splenic arteries of two pigs confirmed the in vitro findings. Wireless active visualization of stents allows for detailed analysis of the stent lumen with high contrast and spatial resolution. The proposed method could thus provide a powerful diagnostic means for the noninvasive long-term follow-up of stent patency, thereby enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of restenosis.
SIGCSE Board DEIA Update (2023)

The SIGCSE Board remains committed to developing ways forward to ensure the dignity and respect of all members of the SIGCSE community. We will shortly be releasing a statement that covers short-term and long-term strategies and policies to help make SIGCSE a more self-aware and inclusive community. We are continuing to work on the content of this statement so keep a look out on the website, the members list and the next Bulletin.
Diagnostic Accuracy and Applicability of a PCR System for the Detection of Schistosoma mansoni DNA in Human Urine Samples from an Endemic Area (2012)

Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni, one of the most neglected human parasitoses in Latin America and Africa, is routinely confirmed by microscopic visualization of eggs in stool. The main limitation of this diagnostic approach is its lack of sensitivity in detecting individual low worm burdens and consequently data on infection rates in low transmission settings are little reliable. According to the scientific literature, PCR assays are characterized by high sensitivity and specificity in detecting parasite DNA in biological samples. A simple and cost effective extraction method for DNA of Schistosoma mansoni from urine samples in combination with a conventional PCR assay was developed and applied in an endemic area. This urine based PCR system was tested for diagnostic accuracy among a population of a small village in an endemic area, comparing it to a reference test composed of three different parasitological techniques. The diagnostic parameters revealed a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 91.20%, positive and negative predictive values of 86.25% and 100%, respectively, and a test accuracy of 94.33%. Further statistical analysis showed a k index of 0.8806, indicating an excellent agreement between the reference test and the PCR system. Data obtained from the mouse model indicate the infection can be detected one week after cercariae penetration, opening a new perspective for early detection and patient management during this stage of the disease. The data indicate that this innovative PCR system provides a simple to handle and robust diagnostic tool for the detection of S. mansoni DNA from urine samples and a promising approach to overcome the diagnostic obstacles in low transmission settings. Furthermore the principals of this molecular technique, based on the examination of human urine samples may be useful for the diagnosis of other neglected tropical diseases that can be detected by trans-renal DNA.
SCOC: High-radix switches made of bufferless clos networks (2015)

In today's datacenters handling big data and for exascale computers of tomorrow, there is a pressing need for high-radix switches to economically and efficiently unify the computing and storage resources that are dispersed across multiple racks. In this paper, we present SCOC, a switch architecture suitable for economical IC implementation that can efficiently replace crossbars for high-radix switch nodes. SCOC is a multi-stage bufferless network with O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /m) cost, where m is a design parameter, practically ranging between 4-16. We identify and resolve more than five fairness violations that are pertinent to hierarchical scheduling. Effectively, from a performance perspective, SCOC is indistinguishable from efficient flat crossbars. Computer simulations show that it competes well or even outperforms flat crossbars and hierarchical switches. We report data from our ASIC implementation at 32 nm of a SCOC 136×136 switch, with shallow buffers, connecting 25 Gb/s links. In this first incarnation, SCOC is used at the spines of a server-rack, fat-tree network. Internally, it runs at 9.9 Tb/s, thus offering a speedup of 1.45 ×, and provides a fall-through latency of just 61 ns.
Identification of complex metabolic states in critically injured patients using bioinformatic cluster analysis (2010)

Here we show for the first time the feasibility of clustering physiological measurements to identify clinically relevant patient states after trauma. These results demonstrate that hierarchical clustering techniques can be useful for visualizing complex multivariate data and may provide new insights for the care of critically injured patients.
Why privatization is not enough (1993)

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition were evaluated in 12 healthy volunteers before and after 16 days of high altitude trekking and climbing. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry and body composition by electrical impedance. A 29% reduction in energy intake during high altitude exposure was observed. Fat mass loss averaged about 2.2 kg (p < 0.05) and lean body mass about 1.1 kg, which was almost significant (p = 0.07). As expected, estimated RMR at the end of the expedition--calculated by predictive formulae including body fat and lean body mass as covariates--was significantly reduced by 119 kcal/day as a consequence of the reduction in body weight. Measured RMR values, on the contrary, did not show any significant decline. In conclusion our study showed that high altitude trekking induced a weight loss due approximately 2/3rds to fat mass and 1/3rd to lean body mass. Decreased energy efficiency, which was still present several days after returning to sea level, may have helped contribute to weight loss due to reduced energy intake.
Neurobehavioral deficit due to ischemic brain damage limited to half of the CA1 sector of the hippocampus (1989)

It is well known that ischemia causes neuronal necrosis in selectively vulnerable sectors of the hippocampus. Since the hippocampus is involved in spatial navigation, learning, and memory, selective deficits in these areas may arise from ischemic brain damage. The objective of this study was to test whether a minimal ischemic insult, producing selective neuronal necrosis restricted to only a portion of the CA1 pyramidal cells of the hippocampus, could produce a detectable spatial navigation deficit. Male Wistar rats received 9 min of forebrain ischemia induced by carotid clamping and hypotension or sham operation with exposure of the carotid arteries. The rats were allowed to recover and were tested on a simple place task, a place learning-set task, and a pattern discrimination task in swimming pools paradigms. Subsequently, the rats were perfusion-fixed and their entire brains subjected to quantitative histopathologic analysis. Although both ischemic and sham-operated groups learned the simple place task, the learning-set task revealed defects in spatial navigation, reflected as increased errors and latency in the performance of the ischemic rats. In the subsequent pattern discrimination task, the ischemic group was superior to the control group, which perseverated by attempting to use a place strategy to solve the discrimination. Quantitative neuropathology revealed neuronal necrosis in the ischemia group limited to 50% of the CA1 zone of the hippocampus. Extrahippocampal damage consisted of rare cortical neuronal necrosis in 2 of 6 animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Synthesis of Active Traffic Management Experiences in Europe and the United States (2010)

This synthesis report describes both US and European techniques in Active Traffic Management (ATM). The primary focus of this synthesis is on European experience, which in some cases dates back a number of years. This report provides a compilation of lessons learned, experiences, operational results, and benefits associated with active traffic management applications. The applications included for discussion are primarily those that include variable speed management (also called speed harmonization or lane control in Europe), shoulder or line management, junction control, and directional routing. The report concludes with a discussion of the potential benefits and challenges of a system-wide application of techniques to actively manage traffic and a listing of initial implementations of European strategies in the US.\n
Reduction of Brucella species and Francisella tularensis cross-reacting agglutinins by dithiothreitol (1982)

Cross-reaction agglutinin titers to Brucella abortus antigen were found in 42 of 128 tularemia serum specimens, and cross-reaction titers to Francisella tularensis antigen were found in 8 of 34 brucellosis serum specimens. The cross-reaction titers were reduced to 10 or less by dithiothreitol, suggesting that the titers are due to immunoglobulin M antibody.
Correlating bilayer tablet delamination tendencies to micro-environmental thermodynamic conditions during pan coating (2013)

The coating micro-environment experienced by tablets during the pan coating unit operation significantly impacts the strength of the bilayer interface of tablets on storage.
Fluorine Derivatives of Chloroform (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorine Derivatives of ChloroformHarold Simmons Booth and E. May BixbyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1932, 24, 6, 637–641Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50270a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50270a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The dynamics of formation of a collagen-phosphophoryn conjugate in relation to the passage of the mineralization front in rat incisor dentin. (1983)

Dentin and predentin matrices contain Type I collagen and phosphophoryns as major constituents. A collagen-phosphophoryn conjugate is also present in small amounts. This conjugate has been implicated in the deposition of mineral. Its formation has been followed in rat incisors. Rats were labeled for varied time intervals with [3H]proline, followed by a 2-h pulse of [3H] serine. The soluble alpha- and beta-phosphophoryns were extracted under conditions minimizing degradation. The tooth residue was CNBr-treated and the collagen CNBr peptides alpha 1(I)CB7 and alpha 1(I)CB8 were collected along with the solubilized conjugate fraction. Each component was purified and the specific activities in [3H] proline, [3H]hydroxyproline, [3H]serine, and [3H]phosphoserine were determined. The collagen and alpha-phosphophoryn accumulated proline label linearly at the same rate over the entire period of labeling. Entry of [3H]proline into the conjugate fraction was delayed by approximately 9-10 h and then the label accumulated also linearly at the same rate. [3H]Serine was present at a different but constant level in each fraction; the conjugate had the lowest activity. These data indicate an extracellular formation of the conjugate at the mineralization front from precursors which followed different secretory pathways.