gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decrease in anti‐<i>Leishmania</i> IgG3 and IgG1 after cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion healing is correlated with the time of clinical cure (2012)

For better efficiency in the establishment of American tegumentary leishmaniasis clinical cure, the World Health Organization suggests that the clinical criteria are supported by serologic data. The present study aims to investigate the dynamics of IgG subclass production in clinical evolution post-treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Paired sera from 23 subjects with CL resulting from Leishmania braziliensis infection were studied during the active lesion phase (aCL) and after clinical cure post-therapy (hCL), which included an alternative protocol with a low dose of antimony. Anti-Leishmania IgG and its subclasses were measured using ELISA, and the immunoglobulin levels were correlated with patients' clinical data. All of the subjects were clinically healed and did not present relapse during follow-up. Serum levels of anti-Leishmania IgG (r = -0·79; P < 0·0001), IgG1 (r = -0·64, P < 0·001) and IgG3 (r = -0·42, P < 0·045) in hCL were negatively correlated with the duration of clinical cure. After 24 months of clinical cure, 73% of samples were negative for IgG1 and 78% were negative for IgG3. In conclusion, the detection of serum anti-Leishmania IgG1 and IgG3 is an improved laboratory strategy to aid in the decision of interruption of the ambulatory follow-up of CL patients.
Heat-Induced Pain Diminishes Vibrotactile Perception: A Touch Gate (1994)

The gate control theory of pain (Melzack and Wall, 1965) suggests that tactile stimuli can decrease the perception of pain. We have found the reverse effect: Heat at levels that induce pain can substantially suppress tactile sensitivity, independently of shifts in attention or arousal. Ten human observers were stimulated by a tonic, pain-producing heat stimulus and vibrotactile stimuli (1, 10, and 100 Hz) coincidentally presented to the right thenar eminence. Vibrotactile thresholds were assessed with the skin at a normative temperature of 31 degrees C and at higher temperatures producing pain. Increases in vibrotactile thresholds (mean change = 7.3 dB) occurred at skin temperatures just below and above those that induced pain. Furthermore, absolute-magnitude estimates of suprathreshold vibrotactile stimuli determined during the same experiments showed decreased sensitivity and psychophysical recruitment. The changes are not attributable to attentional or arousal shifts, since they were not associated with changes in auditory thresholds. Furthermore, the changes occurred just below the subjects' pain thresholds (where nociceptors are presumably activated). This over-twofold diminution of vibrotactile sensitivity suggests that heat stimuli capable of inducing pain can significantly diminish taction, perhaps through a "touch gate" in a manner similar to the gate control theory proposed for pain.
Effect of the Initial Potential Ramp on the Accuracy of Electrophoretic Mobilities in Capillary Electrophoresis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of the Initial Potential Ramp on the Accuracy of Electrophoretic Mobilities in Capillary ElectrophoresisBilly A. Williams and Gyula. VighCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 17, 3079–3081Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00113a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00113a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Self-Training Ensemble Networks for Zero-Shot Image Recognition. (2018)

Despite the advancement of supervised image recognition algorithms, their de- pendence on the availability of labeled data and the rapid expansion of image categories raise the significant challenge of zero-shot learning. Zero-shot learn- ing (ZSL) aims to transfer knowledge from labeled classes into unlabeled classes to reduce human labeling effort. In this paper, we propose a novel self-training ensemble network model to address zero-shot image recognition. The ensemble network is built by learning multiple image classification functions with a shared feature extraction network but different label embedding representations, each of which facilitates information transfer to different subsets of unlabeled classes. A self-training framework is then deployed to iteratively label the most confident images in each unlabeled class with predicted pseudo-labels and update the ensem- ble network with the training data augmented by the pseudo-labels. The proposed model performs training on both labeled and unlabeled data. It can naturally bridge the domain shift problem in visual appearances and be extended to the generalized zero-shot learning scenario. We conduct experiments on multiple standard ZSL datasets and the empirical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model.
NOTE: Phylogenetic relationships of Salmonella based on rRNA sequences (1998)

To establish the phylogenetic relationships between the subspecies of Salmonella enterica (official name Salmonella choleraesuis), Salmonella bongori and related members of Enterobacteriaceae, sequence comparison of rRNA was performed by maximum-likelihood analysis. The two Salmonella species were separated by 16S rRNA analysis and found to be closely related to the Escherichia coli and Shigella complex by both 16S and 23S rRNA analyses. The diphasic serotypes S. enterica subspp. I and VI were separated from the monophasic serotypes subspp. IIIa and IV, including S. bongori, by 23S rRNA sequence comparison.
The effect of donor and cell age on several characteristics of rat erythrocytes. (1983)

Erythrocytes from young and old WF rats were separated by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. The density and mean life span of the erythrocytes were correlated with cell age by 59Fe pulse labeling. A mean half-life of 40 and 25 days was measured for erythrocytes in young and old animals, respectively, with a corresponding 4-fold increase of young cells and a 2.3-fold increase in circulating reticulocytes in old animals. Thus, the old rat has a chronologically younger population of circulating erythrocytes than the young animal. The mean hemoglobin concentration of red cells from old, but not young animals, was found to decrease from 18.5 +/- 2.1 pg to 11.8 +/- 1.8 pg per cell with increasing cell age. Premature exposure of a surface antigen, which is recognized by antibodies present in the serum, was observed in cells of old animals. This antigen-antibody complex is presumed to trigger sequestration by phagocytosis of senescent erythrocytes. The contribution of the observed age-related changes to early erythrocyte sequestration in old animals is discussed.
Src Family Protein Tyrosine Kinases Induce Autoactivation of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (1995)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is tyrosine phosphorylated and enzymatically activated following ligation of the B-cell antigen receptor. These events are temporally regulated, and Btk activation follows that of various members of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, thus raising the possibility that Src kinases participate in the Btk activation process. We have evaluated the mechanism underlying Btk enzyme activation and have explored the potential regulatory relationship between Btk and Src protein kinases. We demonstrate in COS transient-expression assays that Btk can be activated through intramolecular autophosphorylation at tyrosine 551 and that Btk autophosphorylation is required for Btk catalytic functions. Coexpression of Btk with members of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, but not Syk, led to Btk tyrosine phosphorylation and activation. Using a series of point mutations in Blk (a representative Src protein kinase) and Btk, we show that Src kinases activate Btk through an indirect mechanism that requires membrane association of the Src enzymes as well as functional Btk SH3 and SH2 domains. Our results are compatible with the idea that Src protein tyrosine kinases contribute to Btk activation by indirectly stimulating Btk intramolecular autophosphorylation.
Detailed analysis of genetic alterations in colorectal tumors from patients with and without familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). (1993)

To examine early genetic events during colorectal carcinogenesis, we searched for genetic alterations in 75 adenomas from seven patients with familial polyposis coli (FAP) and in 64 sporadic colorectal tumors (63 carcinomas and one adenoma). We investigated germ-line and somatic mutations in the APC gene, somatic mutations in the K-ras and p53 genes, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 8p21-22. Thirty-two FAP adenomas carried detectable somatic mutations in the APC gene. The frequency of somatic APC mutations among adenomas was the same regardless of differences in size or histopathological classification. On the other hand, K-ras mutation was very rare in small adenomas where dysplasia was mild or moderate but frequent in large adenomas with severe dysplasia. Mutation of the p53 gene was observed in only two adenomas and LOH on 8p22 was detected in none. These results imply that a second 'hit' in the APC gene, but not necessarily mutation in K-ras or p53, is an important and critical event for formation of a colorectal adenoma.
Managing bone complications of solid tumors (2006)

Bone metastases are a common occurrence in patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and prostate cancer. Bone metastases cause considerable morbidity including pain, impaired mobility, pathologic fracture, spinal cord or nerve root compression, bone marrow infiltration and hypercalcemia of malignancy. These complications result from the derangement of normal bone metabolism that arise from interactions between factors originating in tumor cells and others originating in the microenvironment of the bone. Fortunately, there is an increasing array of treatment options for the skeletal complications associated with bone metastases arising from breast, lung, and prostate cancer. The goals of treatment for such skeletal complications are to relieve pain and reduce the risk of fracture. Traditional therapies to treat skeletal malignancies include radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy. In recent years, bisphosphonates have become the treatment of choice because of their ability to reduce bone resorption, leading to decreases in hypercalcemia, new osteolytic lesions, and fractures, thereby ameliorating pain and improving quality of life.
A Grain Moisture Detecting System Based on Capacitive Sensor (2011)

Abstract A grain moisture detection system is proposed in this paper, which is designed based on capacitive sensor and single chip microcomputer. The working principle of concentric capacitive sensor is introduced and the hardware circuits of system are described in details. The system has an intelligent controller internal, it can collect data, display data and determine whether to alarm when the data overreach threshold. The system is tested in practice and the measuring errors are analyzed, experiment results showed that the system has high measuring accuracy and good controlling capacity; it can meet the needs of moisture measuring.
Electrochemical adsorption and covalent attachment of erythrosin to modified tin dioxide electrodes and measurement of the photocurrent sensitization to visible wavelength light (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical adsorption and covalent attachment of erythrosin to modified tin dioxide electrodes and measurement of the photocurrent sensitization to visible wavelength lightDavid D. Hawn and Neal R. ArmstrongCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1978, 82, 11, 1288–1295Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/j100500a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
Aspirin in the prophylaxis of coronary artery disease (2002)

Aspirin has been used for more than 100 years, but its mechanisms of action have only been understood in the past 20 years. Aspirin interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism in platelets and endothelial cells and thereby reduces thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin. It also has other mechanisms of action, including anti-inflammatory roles, protection from oxidative stress, enhancement of fibrinolysis, and suppression of plasma coagulation and platelet-dependent inhibition of thrombin generation. It has been used for primary and secondary prevention of myocardial ischemia, and for primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular ischemia. We review the 5 pivotal studies relating to primary prevention for cardiovascular risk and the many studies relating to secondary prevention of myocardial ischemia. We also review the utility of aspirin in primary prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke. We conclude that aspirin is one of the most potent drugs ever discovered and that its effects extend well beyond those of cycloxoxygenase enzyme inhibition. Aspirin treatment does not preclude control of underlying and comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. For most patients, a daily dose of 325 mg is optimal. Patients must understand the potential for gastrointestinal upset and hemorrhagic complications. The utility of aspirin is greater in coronary artery disease prevention than in cerebrovascular prevention.
Synthesized and inherited functions - a new computational model for syntax-directed semantics (1992)

In this paper we introduce a new formal model for the concept of syntax--directed semantics, called macro attributed tree transducer (for short: mat tree transducer). This model is based on (noncircular) attributed tree transducers and on macro tree transducers. In the first type of transducer, semantic values are computed by means of meaning names called synthesized attributes, and by means of context names called inherited attributes. Both, synthesized and inherited attributes represent basic semantic values. In the second type of transducer, semantic values are computed by meaning names only which are called states. However, in order to have a means of handling context information, states represent functions over semantic values. The new model integrates attributed tree transducers and macro tree transducers by allowing both, meaning names and context names to represent functions over semantic values. In analogy to the terminology of attributed tree transducers, we call such meaning names and context names also synthesized functions and inherited functions, respectively. We present an inductive characterization of the tree transformation computed by a mat tree transducer. We prove that mat tree transducers are more powerful than both,attributed tree transducers and macro tree transducers. We characterize mat tree transducers by the two--fold composition of attributed tree transducers. This characterization has three consequences: (1) the height of output trees of mat tree transducers is bounded exponentially in the size of the input tree, (2) the composition hierarchy of mat tree transducers is strict, and (3) mat tree transducers are closed under right--composition with top--down tree transducers, but not under left--composition. Moreover, we prove that the addition of inherited attributes does not increase the computational power of macro tree transducers.
Biological therapies in the systemic management of psoriasis: International Consensus Conference (2004)

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that usually requires long-term treatment for control. Approximately 25% of patients have moderate to severe disease and require phototherapy, systemic therapy or both. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic options, the long-term management of psoriasis can be complicated by treatment-related limitations. With advances in molecular research and technology, several biological therapies are in various stages of development and approval for psoriasis. Biological therapies are designed to modulate key steps in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Collectively, biologicals have been evaluated in thousands of patients with psoriasis and have demonstrated significant benefit with favourable safety and tolerability profiles. The limitations of current psoriasis therapies, the value of biological therapies for psoriasis, and guidance regarding the incorporation of biological therapies into clinical practice are discussed.
Wideband Tx Leakage Cancellation using Adaptive Delay Filter at RF Frequencies (2014)

Transmitter leakage is caused by limited isolation between Tx and Rx paths\nof an frequency-division duplexing (FDD) transceiver due to use of non-ideal duplexers.\nAs the leakage can seriously impair the performance of the receiver, it is important\nto increase the isolation of the existing system. A portion of the leakage falling into\nthe Rx band can't be removed using conventional band-pass techniques, which leads to\nexploration of active cancellation methods. This paper presents an active Tx leakage\ncancellation structure with adaptive delay filter, together with a related design method-\nology. Based on S-parameters characterisation of a SAW duplexer, simulation results\nshow that for 20 MHz bandwidth more than 25 dB cancellation can be achieved, for LTE\nband 8 carrier. The complexity of proposed cancellation structure is proportional to the\ncharacteristics of a duplexer used in the transceiver. Using finite number of elements,\nthe number of auxiliary paths needed depends on how complex the characteristics of\nthe duplexer are within the band of interest.
A general approach to engineer positive-going eFRET voltage indicators (2019)

We engineered electrochromic fluorescence resonance energy transfer (eFRET) genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) with “positive-going” fluorescence response to membrane depolarization through rational manipulation of the native proton transport pathway in microbial rhodopsins. We transformed the state-of-the-art eFRET GEVI Voltron into Positron, with kinetics and sensitivity equivalent to Voltron but flipped fluorescence signal polarity. We further applied this general approach to GEVIs containing different voltage sensitive rhodopsin domains and various fluorescent dye and fluorescent protein reporters.
Identification of High-Affinity PB1-Derived Peptides with Enhanced Affinity to the PA Protein of Influenza A Virus Polymerase (2010)

The influenza A virus polymerase complex, consisting of the subunits PB1, PB2, and PA, represents a promising target for the development of new antiviral drugs. We have previously demonstrated the feasibility of targeting the protein-protein interaction domain between PA and PB1 using peptides derived from the extreme N terminus of PB1 (amino acids [aa] 1 to 15), comprising the PA-binding domain of PB1. To increase the binding affinity of these peptides, we performed a systematic structure-affinity relationship analysis. Alanine and aspartic acid scans revealed that almost all amino acids in the core binding region (aa 5 to 11) are indispensable for PA binding. Using a library of immobilized peptides representing all possible single amino acid substitutions, we were able to identify amino acid positions outside the core PA-binding region (aa 1, 3, 12, 14, and 15) that are variable and can be replaced by affinity-enhancing residues. Surface plasmon resonance binding studies revealed that combination of several affinity-enhancing mutations led to an additive effect. Thus, the feasibility to enhance the PA-binding affinity presents an intriguing possibility to increase antiviral activity of the PB1-derived peptide and one step forward in the development of an antiviral drug against influenza A viruses.
An Improved Method of Synthesis of Secondary Amides from Carboxylic Esters (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Improved Method of Synthesis of Secondary Amides from Carboxylic EstersRichard J. De Feo and Paul D. StricklerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 10, 2915–2917Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01045a530RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views958Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (382 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts