gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of pemafibrate (K-877), a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator, in patients with dyslipidemia: Results from a 24-week, randomized, double blind, active-controlled, phase 3 trial (2017)

Pemafibrate was superior to fenofibrate in terms of serum TG-lowering effect and hepatic and renal safety.
Full Coverage for Preventive Medications after Myocardial Infarction (2011)

The elimination of copayments for drugs prescribed after myocardial infarction did not significantly reduce rates of the trial's primary outcome. Enhanced prescription coverage improved medication adherence and rates of first major vascular events and decreased patient spending without increasing overall health costs. (Funded by Aetna and the Commonwealth Fund; MI FREEE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00566774.).
Characterization of a novel nonpeptide vasopressin V<sub>2</sub>‐agonist, OPC‐51803, in cells transfected human vasopressin receptor subtypes (2000)

We discovered the first nonpeptide arginine-vasopressin (AVP) V(2)-receptor agonist, OPC-51803. Pharmacological properties of OPC-51803 were elucidated using HeLa cells expressing human AVP receptor subtypes (V(2), V(1a) and V(1b)) and compared with those of 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP), a peptide V(2)-receptor agonist. OPC-51803 and dDAVP displaced [(3)H]-AVP binding to human V(2)- and V(1a)-receptors with K(i) values of 91.9+/-10.8 nM (n = 6) and 3.12+/-0.38 nM (n = 6) for V(2)-receptors, and 819+/-39 nM (n = 6) and 41.5+/-9.9 nM (n = 6) for V(1a)-receptors, indicating that OPC-51803 was about nine times more selective for V(2)-receptors, similar to the selectivity of dDAVP. OPC-51803 scarcely displaced [(3)H]-AVP binding to human V(1b)-receptors even at 10(-4) M, while dDAVP showed potent affinity to human V(1b)-receptors with the K(i) value of 13.7+/-3.2 nM (n = 4). OPC-51803 concentration-dependently increased cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) production in HeLa cells expressing human V(2)-receptors with an EC(50) value of 189+/-14 nM (n = 6). The concentration-response curve for cyclic AMP production induced by OPC-51803 was shifted to the right in the presence of a V(2)-antagonist, OPC-31260. At 10(-5) M, OPC-51803 did not increase the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in HeLa cells expressing human V(1a)-receptors. On the other hand, dDAVP increased [Ca(2+)](i) in HeLa cells expressing human V(1a)- and V(1b)-receptors in a concentration-dependent fashion. From these results, OPC-51803 has been confirmed to be the first nonpeptide agonist for human AVP V(2)-receptors without agonistic activities for V(1a)- and V(1b)-receptors. OPC-51803 may be useful for the treatment of AVP-deficient pathophysiological states and as a tool for AVP researches.
Autonomic management of adaptive microarchitectures (2004)

Microarchitectural resource requirements vary across programs and program phases. Adaptive microarchitectures can adjust to changing program requirements to provide better power/performance characteristics. Efficiency of the tuning algorithm that governs the adaptation process is key to achieving benefits from such microarchitectures. We propose a class of generic tuning algorithms that use program phase information to guide the tuning process. These algorithms improve upon previously proposed algorithms by reducing unnecessary tunings and reconfigurations, which are the sources of performance loss associated with tuning. 
Phase changes are detected dynamically, using a light-weight profiling mechanism called the instruction working set signature. The signature is a lossy-compressed representation of the working set, 32–128B in size. In addition to detecting phase changes, signatures can be used to estimate the working set size and identify recurring phases. 
We propose three signature based tuning algorithms: the basic tuning algorithm, the signature density based algorithm, and the history based algorithm. Each of these algorithms triggers tuning only when a phase change is detected. The basic algorithm uses trial and error to search for the best configuration. The signature density algorithm directly configures certain units using a working set size estimate based on the signature density. The history algorithm is similar to the basic algorithm, but, reuses configuration information for recurring phases. This reduces the number of trial and error searches and associated performance loss. The best performing algorithms achieve 53%, 30%, 18%, and 48% resource savings for the I-cache, D-cache, L2-cache, and branch predictor, respectively with a performance loss of 1%. 
An algorithm for managing adaptive microarchitectures with multiple configurable units is proposed. This algorithm uses a novel apportioning technique to decouple the tuning processes of individual units while still meeting a tight performance loss tolerance. This algorithm is achieves 25%, 17%, 9%, and 30% resource savings for the I-cache, D-cache, L2-cache, and branch predictor, respectively with a performance loss of 1.5%. 
We propose the use of co-designed virtual machine software to implement the tuning algorithms. Based on full system simulation, we conclude that such a software implementation is perfectly viable—leading to less than 0.3% performance loss.
Incremental Distributed Identification of Markov Random Field Models in Wireless Sensor Networks (2009)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprise of highly power constrained nodes that observe a hidden natural field and reconstruct it at a distant data fusion center. Algorithmic strategies for extending the lifetime of such networks invariably require a knowledge of the statistical model of the underlying field. Since centralized model identification is communication intensive and eats into any potential power savings, we present a stochastic recursive identification algorithm which can be implemented in a fully distributed and scalable manner within the network. We demonstrate that it consumes modest resources relative to centralized estimation, and is stable, unbiased, and asymptotically efficient.
InP:Yb layers grown by adduct metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy using Yb(<i>M</i> <i>e</i> <i>C</i> <i>p</i>)3 (1988)

Highly doped InP:Yb layers have been grown by adduct metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy at atmospheric pressure. Yb(MeCp)3, where Me=CH3 and Cp=n5-C5H5, was synthesized as Yb source material because of its relatively high vapor pressure at acceptable source temperatures. The layers were grown in a wide range of growth temperatures (560–670 °C) and Yb mole fractions (10−9–10−7). In photoluminescence experiments they showed strong Yb3+-4f emission. The layers were further characterized by Hall measurements and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy. In order to obtain n-type InP:Yb samples with high carrier concentrations we have grown InP layers double doped with S and Yb.
The Role of Exonuclease and β Protein of Phage λ in Genetic Recombination (1971)

Abstract The amount of λ exonuclease that binds to DNA is increased when single stranded interruptions are made in the DNA either by pancreatic DNase or by the decay of 3H label. Free ends of DNA are not required for binding, since λ exonuclease binds to the hydrogen-bonded circular form of λ DNA (Hershey circle) which has two intrinsic single stranded interruptions. The strength of binding to ends is greater than the binding to secondary sites: nicks introduced by pancreatic DNase provide neither new substrate nor sites that competitively inhibit the action of exonuclease at ends. The binding of λ exonuclease to DNA can also be shown by the trapping of DNA on nitrocellulose filters that is dependent on λ exonuclease. A preparation of β protein did not cause the trapping of DNA but appeared to augment the trapping caused by exonuclease.
<i>Pseudomonas glumae</i> lipase: increased proteolytic stabifity by protein engineering (1993)

The feasibility of stabilizing proteins towards proteolytic degradation was explored by engineering the primary proteolytic cleavage site(s). This novel approach does not require information on the 3-D structure of the native enzyme. As a model system, the extracellular lipase of Pseudomonas glumae was chosen, which is sensitive towards degradation by subtilisin-type proteases. The primary proteolytic cleavage in the lipase appeared to be located between amino acids serine 153 and histidine 154. Since subtilisins are known to show a preference towards amino acid residues surrounding the scissile bond, non-preferred amino acids were introduced in this area. Two concepts were tested: the introduction of arginine or glutamate residues (charge concept) and the introduction of proline residues (proline concept). Although the mutant lipases produced according to either of these concepts were still cleaved in the same area, they showed a considerably increased stability towards proteolytic degradation.
Unsupervised Adaptation of a Stochastic Language Model Using a Japanese Raw Corpus (2006)

The target uses of large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) systems are spreading. It takes a lot of time to build a good LVCSR system specialized for the target domain because experts need to manually segment the corpus of the target domain, which is a labor-intensive task. In this paper, we propose a new method to adapt an LVCSR system to a new domain. In our method, we stochastically segment a Japanese raw corpus of the target domain. Then a domain-specific language model (LM) is built based on this corpus. All of the domain-specific words can be added to the lexicon for LVCSR. Most importantly, the proposed method is fully automatic. Therefore, we can reduce the time for introducing an LVCSR system drastically. In addition, the proposed method yielded a comparable or even superior performance to use of expensive manual segmentation
Estimation of mobile speed and average received power in wireless systems using best basis methods (2001)

A new method is presented for estimating the mobile speed and the average received power in general wireless propagation environments. The locally stationary received signal is expanded in a local exponential basis using best basis methods of wavelet analysis. An estimate of the time-varying Doppler power spectrum is obtained together with an estimate of the maximum Doppler frequency, which is proportional to the mobile speed. The average received power is then estimated by integrating the time-varying spectrum. Simulations demonstrate good tracking of variable mobile speed and average received power for a wide range of angular distributions of incident power. The estimator is shown to perform significantly better than an adaptive averaging method described in the literature. The speed and average power estimates are also used to detect the corner effect in urban cellular systems to improve handoff performance and reduce the call dropping rate.
Truncated tetrahedral RNA nanostructures exhibit enhanced features for delivery of RNAi substrates (2020)

Using RNA as a material for nanoparticle construction provides control over particle size and shape at the nano-scale. RNA nano-architectures have shown promise as delivery vehicles for RNA interference (RNAi) substrates, allowing multiple functional entities to be combined on a single particle in a programmable fashion. Rather than employing a completely bottom-up approach to scaffold design, here multiple copies of an existing synthetic supramolecular RNA nano-architecture serve as building blocks along with additional motifs for the design of a novel truncated tetrahedral RNA scaffold, demonstrating that rationally designed RNA assemblies can themselves serve as modular pieces in the construction of larger rationally designed structures. The resulting tetrahedral scaffold displays enhanced characteristics for RNAi-substrate delivery in comparison to similar RNA-based scaffolds, as evidenced by its increased functional capacity, increased cellular uptake and ultimately an increased RNAi efficacy of its adorned Dicer substrate siRNAs. The unique truncated tetrahedral shape of the nanoparticle core appears to contribute to this particle's enhanced function, indicating the physical characteristics of RNA scaffolds merit significant consideration when designing platforms for delivery of functional RNAs via RNA nanoparticles.
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Amphiphiles:  Isotherm and Brewster Angle Microscopy Studies of Trisilanolisobutyl-POSS at the Air/Water Interface (2003)

A trisilanol derivative of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), trisilanolisobutyl-POSS, has recently been reported to form stable monolayers at the air/water interface. Moreover, the trisilanolisobutyl-POSS monolayer undergoes a nonequilibrium structural transition (collapse) around a surface pressure of Rho approximately 18 mN.m(-1). This paper explores the mono- and multilayer properties of POSS molecules at the air/water interface by the Wilhelmy plate technique and Brewster angle microscopy. Surface concentrations are controlled by four mechanisms: (1) compression at a constant rate, (2) stepwise compression followed by surface pressure relaxation to an "equilibrium" value, (3) successive additions of spreading solution followed by relaxation to a stable surface pressure value, and (4) hysteresis loops to test the reversibility of the structural transitions. Results show that both an increasing compression rate and a decreasing temperature lead to an increase in the surface pressure of the structural transition, which is consistent with the formation of solidlike multilayer domains during the collapse process. For the case of compression at a constant rate, small domains initially form and later aggregate to form large solid masses. Cessation of compression allows these large solid masses to relax into equilibrium ringlike structures with a lower surface pressure, Rho approximately 13 mN.m(-1). In contrast, if the film is expanded rapidly, these large solidlike domains relax into "spaghetti" like networks with a residual surface pressure that depends on the initial amount of the solidlike collapsed phase. Finally, successive addition and stepwise compression isotherm experiments lead to different and time-dependent morphologies. Understanding these surface properties of POSS molecules affords an excellent opportunity to design and study POSS/polymer blends for coating applications where POSS molecules with rigid inorganic cores, soft organic coronae, and dimensions comparable to polymeric monolayers can serve as perfectly monodisperse nanofillers.
An Adaptive Equalizer for High-Speed Receiver using a CDR-Assisted All-Digital Jitter Measurement (2015)

An adaptive equalization scheme based on all-digital jitter measurement is proposed for a continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) preceding a clock and data recovery (CDR) in a receiver circuit for high-speed serial interface. The optimum equalization coefficient of CTLE is determined during the initial training period based on the measured jitter. The proposed circuit finds automatically the optimum equalization coefficient for CTLE with 20”, 30”, 40” FR4 channel at the data rate of 5 Gbps. The chip area of the equalizer including the adaptive controller is 0.14 mm2 in a 0.13 μm process. The equalizer consumes 12 mW at 1.2 V supply during the normal operation. The adaptive equalizer has been applied to a USB3.0 receiver.
Miniature, vacuum compatible 1024×1024 charge-coupled device camera for x-ray, ultraviolet, or optical imaging (1995)

We have developed a very compact (60×60×75 mm3), vacuum compatible, large format (25×25 mm2, 1024×1024 pixels) charge-coupled device (CCD) camera for digital imaging of visible and ultraviolet radiation, soft to penetrating x rays (≤20 keV), and charged particles. This camera provides a suitable replacement for film with a linear response, dynamic range, and intrinsic signal-to-noise response superior than current x-ray film, and provides real-time access to the data. The spatial resolution of the camera (&lt;25 μm) is similar to typical digitization slit or step sizes used in processing film data. This new large format CCD camera has immediate applications as the recording device for streak cameras or gated microchannel plate diagnostics, or when used directly as the detector for x-ray, x-ray ultraviolet, or optical signals. This is especially important in studying high-energy plasmas produced in pulse-power, inertial confinement fusion, and high powered laser-plasma experiments, as well as other medical and industrial applications.
Effect on mood of subthalamic DBS for Parkinson’s disease A consecutive series of 24 patients (2002)

A series of 24 consecutive PD patients were prospectively studied prior to and within 6 months postoperatively for mood, motor, and cognitive status to investigate the effects on mood of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) in PD. In six patients (25%), mood state worsened significantly, and three were transiently suicidal despite clear motor improvement. Caregivers and patients should be educated about the potential impact of this neurosurgical procedure on mood.
The Human as an Experimental System in Molecular Genetics (1988)

There are compelling reasons for choosing to develop the human as the highest-order experimental system in genetics: an obvious social context that stirs interest, wide medical observation of the population that permits identification of an abundance of genetic defects, and our ability to perceive in the human subtle or complex variations that may not be observable in other species. Various lines of genetic inquiry that are based on research in other systems--cytogenetic analysis, biochemical studies, mapping of defective loci by linkage analysis in affected families, and in vitro techniques such as the creation of transgenic organisms--complement and enrich each other. New phenomena that would not have been predicted from investigations in other organisms have been found in humans, such as the discovery of the "giant" Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene and the identification of recessive cancer genes. Genetic research is yielding insights into human biology that are raising new possibilities for therapy and prevention of disease, as well as challenges to society in the form of ethical decisions about the appropriate application of genetic information.
FRP sandwich structures in bridge and building construction (2016)

Selected applications of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sandwich structural elements in building and bridge construction are discussed. It is shown how in building construction this technology enables the integration of functions such as load-bearing capacity, thermal insulation, daylight entry and energy production, into single, large-scale and lightweight roof or faÃ§ade panels. In bridge construction, the high resistance against environmental impact enables conceiving much simpler construction details because no sealing layer is required, and lightweight deck panels enable the widening of existing bridges without additionally loading the substructure.
Symptomatic Onset of Severe Hemophilia A in Childhood is Dependent on the Presence of Prothrombotic Risk Factors (2001)

Summary It has been recently suggested that the clinical phenotype of severe hemophilia A (HA) is influenced by co-inheritance with the factor V G1691A mutation. We therefore investigated 124 pediatric PUP patients with hemophilia (A: n = 111) consecutively admitted to German pediatric hemophilia treatment centers. In addition to factor VIII activity, the factor V (FV) G1691A mutation, the prothrombin (PT) G20210A variant, antithrombin, protein C, protein S and anti-thrombin were investigated. 92 out of 111 HA patients (F VIII activity < 1%) were suffering from severe HA. The prevalence of prothrombotic risk factors in children with severe HA was no different from previously reported data: FV G1691A 6.5%, PT G20201A 3.2%, and protein C type I deficiency 1.1%. No deficiency states of antithrombin or protein S were found in this cohort of hemophilic patients. The first symptomatic bleeding leading to diagnosis of severe hemophilia (< 1%) occurred with a median (range) age of 1.6 years (0.5-7.1) in children carrying defects within the protein C pathway or the PT gene mutation compared with non-carriers of prothrombotic risk factors (0.9 years (0.1-4.0; p = 0.01). The cumulative event-free bleeding survival was significantly prolonged in children carrying additionally prothrombotic defects (log-rank/Mantel-Cox: p = 0.0098). In conclusion, data of this multicenter cohort study clearly demonstrate that the first symptomatic bleeding onset in children with severe HA carrying prothrombotic risk factors is significantly later in life than in non-carriers.
Smart grid design for efficient and flexible power networks operation and control (2009)

The modernization of the US electric power infrastructure, especially in lieu of its aging, overstressed networks; shifts in social, energy and environmental policies, and also new vulnerabilities, is a national concern. Our system are required to be more adaptive and secure more than every before. Consumers are also demanding increased power quality and reliability of supply and delivery. As such, power industries, government and national laboratories and consortia have developed increased interest in what is now called the smart grid of the future. The paper outlines smart grid intelligent functions that advance interactions of agents such as telecommunication, control, and optimization to achieve adaptability, self-healing, efficiency and reliability of power systems. The author also presents a special case for the development of dynamic stochastic optimal power flow (DSOPF) technology as a tool needed in smart grid design. The integration of DSOPF to achieve the design goals with advanced DMS capabilities are discussed herein. This reference paper also outlines research focus for developing next generation of advance tools for efficient and flexible power systems operation and control.
Synthesis of 3‐Oxoazacyclohept‐4‐enes by Ring‐Closing Metathesis. Application to the Synthesis of an Inhibitor of Cathepsin K. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microstrip resonator sensors for determination of complex permittivity of materials in sheet, liquid and paste forms (2005)

The microstrip patch resonator in several configurations can be used for determination of the dielectric constant and the loss tangent of materials available in sheet, paste and liquid forms. A suspended patch resonator was developed to determine the dielectric constant and loss tangent of wax, kerosene, petrol and vaseline. The measured dielectric constant of the sample is within±2% and the loss tangent has a variation ±0.001 for the sample with moderate loss.
Etheranaloge der Thio‐ und Dithiophospholipide mit CSP‐Bindung (1993)

Ether Analogues of Thio‐ and Dithiophospholipids with C–S–P Bond The efficient synthesis of 1‐ O ‐hexadecyl‐2‐ O ‐methyl‐3‐thioglycero‐3‐phosphocholine ( 5a ) and 1‐ S ‐hexadecyl‐2‐ O ‐methyl‐1,3‐dithioglycero‐3‐phosphocholine ( 5b ) based on phosphorylation of 1‐ O ‐hexadecyl‐2‐ O ‐methyl‐3‐thioglycerol ( 3a ) and 1‐ S ‐hexadecyl‐2‐ O ‐methyl‐1,3‐dithioglycerol ( 3b ) with 2‐chloro‐2‐oxo‐1,3,2‐dioxaphospholane ( 6 ) followed by ring opening of the resulting intermediates 4a and 4b is described.