gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Foundation Models on Jack-up Site Assessment (2014)

In order to investigate effects of different foundation models on jack-up site assessment, numerical simulation of a jack-up is presented based on fix joint, pin joint, linear springs and elastic-plastic model. The hull, leg, hull-leg connection is modelled using equivalent beam, beam element, spring element, respectively. Environmental loads, such as steady current, wind, wave, inertial load and buoyancy, are also included in the numerical model. Static and natural frequency extraction analysis of the jack-up is then performed in elevated condition. Finally, static and natural response rules are proposed for the four foundation models. The results show that, the horizontal hull displacement, maximum leg stress, loads on spudcan B and horizontal moment on spudcan A decrease as the rotational stiffness increases, while the natural frequency, vertical load and horizontal load on spudcan A increase with the increasing rotational stiffness. And the responses for elastic-plastic model are close to the pin joint. The proposed modelling and analyzing method is effective and reliable, which could provide guidance for jack-up development and assessment. Key words: Jack-up; Fix joint; Pin joint; Linear springs; Elastic-plastic model; Numerical simulation
Improving Lidar Data Evaluation for Object Detection and Tracking Using a Priori Knowledge and Sensorfusion (2014)

This paper presents a new approach to improve lidar data evaluation on the basis of using a priori knowledge. In addition to the common I- and L-shapes, the directional IS-shape, the C-shape for pedestrians and the E-shape for bicycles are introduced. Considering the expected object shape and predicted position enables effective interpretation even of poor measurement values. Therefore a classification routine is utilized to distinguish between three classes (cars, bicycles, pedestrians). The tracking operation with Kalman filters is based on class specific dynamic models. The fusion of radar objects with the used a priori knowledge improves the quality of the lidar evaluation. Experiments with real measurement data showed good results even with a single layer lidar scanner.
Galectin-3 as a Presurgical Immunocytodiagnostic Marker of Minimally Invasive Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma (2001)

Thyroid nodules are a common occurrence in the general population, but only a small number of them are eventually diagnosed as cancers. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most accurate and cost-effective method for the presurgical management of thyroid nodules, but it misses the differential diagnosis between thyroid follicular adenomas and follicular carcinomas. Among them, minimally invasive follicular carcinoma (MIC), also defined as encapsulated tumor, only differs from follicular adenoma for the exhibition of minimal, but entire thickness, infiltration of the capsule and/or vascular invasion. This feature cannot be assessed in FNAB and can occasionally be hard to recognize in surgical specimens. As reported in several studies, galectin-3 is a reliable marker of thyroid malignancy, but no data are available on MICs. We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 in 17 MICs and 52 follicular adenomas in both preoperative paraffin-embedded cytological human thyroid sediments (cell blocks) obtained by FNAB and in the corresponding surgical specimens. Among the MICs, all surgical samples showed galectin-3 immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm, whereas 16 of 17 corresponding FNAB cell blocks were positive. No evidence of cytoplasmic galectin-3 expression was observed in 48 of 52 adenomas in both cell blocks and histological tissues. These findings indicate that galectin-3 is a reliable presurgical molecular marker of MIC, improving the accuracy of conventional FNAB. It also proves to be useful in the histopathological assessment of resected tumors having suspected malignant features.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Decontamination of Platinum-Palladium Nanoparticles Prepared by Water-in-Oil Microemulsion (2003)

The synthesis and electrochemical decontamination of platinum-palladium nanoparticles prepared by reduction with hydrazine of and in a water-in-oil microemulsion of water/poly(ethylene glycol)-dodecyl ether (BRIJ 30)/n-heptane is reported. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments were carried out to determine the composition of the nanoparticles obtained. Due to the presence of surfactant molecules coating on the nanoparticles, a decontamination procedure was developed. The decontamination procedure applied allows a cleaning of the surface of the nanoparticles without modification or damage for the crystalline surface structure as a result of synthesis conditions. The influence of the classical electrochemical activation or cleaning of the surface on the electrochemical behavior of the nanoparticles is also compared. The results obtained show a deep modification of the electrocatalytic behavior of the nanoparticles after the electrochemical activation treatment. They demonstrate that this activation process should not be applied in studies where the influence of the size, surface structure, and surface composition of the nanoparticles on their electrocatalytic and catalytic properties are studied. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Multi-Segment Pseudowires in Passive Optical Networks (2011)

This draft describes MS-PW application in a PON network. Static
configuration of one segment of PW is a typical case of MS-PW. When
MS-PW is implemented in a PON network, the large quantity of T-PE
makes such static provisioning a heavy burden of network manager.
Making use of management protocol of GPON helps to reduce the labor of
configuration, simplify and speedup the PW provision procedure to a
great extent, and notify to switching PE (OLT) ACs status on T-PE
(ONU). Link layer of GPON may also replace PSN to carry MPLS-PW.
Compensating Supervision Incompleteness with Prior Knowledge in Semantic Image Interpretation (2019)

Semantic Image Interpretation is the task of extracting a structured semantic description from images. This requires the detection of visual relationships: triples 〈subject, relation, object〉 describing a semantic relation between a subject and an object. A pure supervised approach to visual relationship detection requires a complete and balanced training set for all the possible combinations of 〈subject, relation, object〉. However, such training sets are not available and would require a prohibitive human effort. This implies the ability of predicting triples which do not appear in the training set. This problem is called zero-shot learning. State-of-the-art approaches to zero-shot learning exploit similarities among relationships in the training set or external linguistic knowledge. In this paper, we perform zero-shot learning by using Logic Tensor Networks, a novel Statistical Relational Learning framework that exploits both the similarities with other seen relationships and background knowledge, expressed with logical constraints between subjects, relations and objects. The experiments on the Visual Relationship Dataset show that the use of logical constraints outperforms the current methods. This implies that background knowledge can be used to alleviate the incompleteness of training sets.
Selumetinib (AZD6244; ARRY-142886) in the treatment of metastatic melanoma (2012)

As a majority of advanced melanomas have an activated MAP kinase signal transduction pathway, there is a strong preclinical rationale for investigating selumetinib in patients with metastatic melanoma. The results of early clinical studies of selumetinib suggest that selumetinib may have a role in melanoma therapy, especially in certain subsets of patients, such as those whose tumor harbors a BRAF mutation. Current studies of selumetinib are addressing the efficacy of selumetinib in these patients.
Network denoising in social media (2013)

Social media expands the ways people communicate with each other. On a popular social media website, a user typically has hundreds of contacts (or friends) on average. As a person's social network grows, friend management is increasingly important for effective communications. Often, one can only afford to maintain close friendship in a small scale due to limited time and other resources. In other words, the majority of one's connections are so-so friends and do not hold strong influence on the user. One approach resorts to network denoising, by which unimportant connections are removed as noise. We study the challenges of network denoising in social media and how we can leverage a variety of social media information to denoise the links. We formulate the network denoising task as an optimization problem, and show the efficacy of our network denoising approach and its scalability experimentally in the domain of behavior inference.
Noninvasive measurement of rat intraocular pressure with the Tono-Pen. (1993)

The Tono-Pen 2 can be used reliably to measure IOP in the normal rat eye.
[The problem of heat activation of bacterial spores after disinfection with regard to an aerosol method of decontaminating equipment and rooms]. (1986)

This paper describes investigations on disinfection of germ carriers, contaminated with an alcoholic suspension of Bacillus cereus or Bacillus subtilis. Result of disinfection is compared with that of an additional heat treatment (80 degrees C, 60 min) after disinfection. Besides Formalin, Tegodor forte (Th. Goldschmidt, Essen) and P 3 oxonia active (Henkel KG, Düsseldorf) are tested with different concentration and duration. Heat activation was possible with all three disinfectants. For illuminating the conditions of activation, circumstances of heat action after disinfection with formaldehyde-aerosol have been varied. Heat activation in dry air, moist air and distilled water was not successful. Only in Nutrient Broth (Standard I-Bouillon; Merck, Darmstadt) spores were viable again, after activation. Addition of serum as a protective cover had no influence on the result. Consequences of the results on a disinfection method with formaldehyde-aerosol are discussed.
The effect of sublethal concentrations of the molluscicide niclosamide on the infectivity of<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>cercariae (1975)

Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of sublethal concentrations of niclosamide on the infectivity of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Exposure of cercariae to 0.02 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l of niclosamide, respectively, for only two hours increased their mortality during penetration of mammalian host skin. The observed increase in mortality in the skin resulted in a consequent reduction of adult worm recovery from the liver and mesenteric veins of animals infected with the treated cercariae.
NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is a major source of oxidative stress in the failing heart (2010)

NAD(P)H oxidases (Noxs) produce O(2)(-) and play an important role in cardiovascular pathophysiology. The Nox4 isoform is expressed primarily in the mitochondria in cardiac myocytes. To elucidate the function of endogenous Nox4 in the heart, we generated cardiac-specific Nox4(-/-) (c-Nox4(-/-)) mice. Nox4 expression was inhibited in c-Nox4(-/-) mice in a heart-specific manner, and there was no compensatory up-regulation in other Nox enzymes. These mice exhibited reduced levels of O(2)(-) in the heart, indicating that Nox4 is a significant source of O(2)(-) in cardiac myocytes. The baseline cardiac phenotype was normal in young c-Nox4(-/-) mice. In response to pressure overload (PO), however, increases in Nox4 expression and O(2)(-) production in mitochondria were abolished in c-Nox4(-/-) mice, and c-Nox4(-/-) mice exhibited significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis and apoptosis, and better cardiac function compared with WT mice. Mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release, and decreases in both mitochondrial DNA and aconitase activity in response to PO were attenuated in c-Nox4(-/-) mice. On the other hand, overexpression of Nox4 in mouse hearts exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis, and apoptosis in response to PO. These results suggest that Nox4 in cardiac myocytes is a major source of mitochondrial oxidative stress, thereby mediating mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction during PO.
Shortest Paths in Probabilistic Graphs (1969)

This paper considers the problem of finding shortest-path probability distributions in graphs whose branches are weighted with random lengths, examines the consequences of various assumptions concerning the nature of the available statistical information, and gives an exact method for computing the probability distribution, as well as methods based on hypothesis testing and statistical estimation. It presents Monte Carlo results and, based on these results, it develops an efficient method of hypothesis testing. Finally, it discusses briefly the pairwise comparison of paths.
Global Solution Properties of Poly(<i>N</i>-vinylimidazole) in Ethanol. Macromolecules and Aggregates (2004)

Poly(N-vinylimidazole) is a weakly basic linear polymer and is soluble in aqueous media and in various alcohols. The present study deals with the global solution properties in absolute ethanol (Mw, Rg, Rh, A2, and [η]). Samples were prepared by precipitating free radical polymerization in toluene or benzene. Common flexible chain behavior of single macromolecules was found for samples of molar mass Mw < 8 × 105 g/mol. However, large aggregates were obtained when longer chains were prepared by reducing the initiator/monomer ratio in the system. At about the same molar mass a 3-fold larger radius was found which only weakly further increased with the corresponding molar mass of the aggregates. Similar breaks in behavior at the same point were found for the hydrodynamic radius, the second virial coefficient, and the intrinsic viscosity. Power law behavior was obtained in both regimes but with different exponents before and after the break point. In the low Mw regime of molecularly dissolved chains the common scaling laws among the various exponents are approximately fulfilled. Above the break point the observed exponents strongly violated these scaling relationships, which indicated the aggregates as not self-similar to each other. This conclusion was confirmed by the behavior of the ρ = Rg/Rh parameter and the apparent segment density and is supported by the decrease of the second virial coefficient and the intrinsic viscosity compared to those of the molecularly dispersed molecules. The apparent density exhibited the expected decrease with Mw for the molecules below the break point, but conversely, it increased for the aggregates and indicated an increasingly more dense packing of segments. The findings awoke the need of considering the dissolution mechanism that led to metastable aggregates, rather than the formation of associates under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions.
A Semi-Floating Gate Transistor for Low-Voltage Ultrafast Memory and Sensing Operation (2013)

As the semiconductor devices of integrated circuits approach the physical limitations of scaling, alternative transistor and memory designs are needed to achieve improvements in speed, density, and power consumption. We report on a transistor that uses an embedded tunneling field-effect transistor for charging and discharging the semi-floating gate. This transistor operates at low voltages (≤2.0 volts), with a large threshold voltage window of 3.1 volts, and can achieve ultra-high-speed writing operations (on time scales of ~1 nanosecond). A linear dependence of drain current on light intensity was observed when the transistor was exposed to light, so possible applications include image sensing with high density and performance.
Internal control regions for transcription of eukaryotic tRNA genes. (1981)

We have identified the region within a eukaryotic tRNA gene required for initiation of transcription. These results were obtained by systematically constructing deletions extending from the 5' or the 3' flanking regions into a cloned Drosophila tRNAArg gene by using nuclease BAL 31. The ability of the newly generated deletion clones to direct the in vitro synthesis of tRNA precursors was measured in transcription systems from Xenopus laevis oocytes, Drosophila Kc cells, and HeLa cells. Two control regions within the coding sequence were identified. The first was essential for transcription and was contained between nucleotides 8 and 25 of the mature tRNA sequence. Genes devoid of the second control region, which was contained between nucleotides 50 and 58 of the mature tRNA sequence, could be transcribed but with reduced efficiency. Thus, the promoter regions within a tRNA gene encode the tRNA sequences of the D stem and D loop, the invariant uridine at position 8, and the semi-invariant G-T-psi-C sequence.
Expression of SSEA‐I antigen (3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyl‐lactosamine) on normal and leukaemic human haemopoietic cells: modulation by neuraminidase treatment (1984)

Several mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) considered specific for the myeloid lineage recognize the same carbohydrate structure (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) which is similar to the murine antigen SSEA-I. We have investigated the expression of this antigen with six different well-characterized murine IgM MoAbs on normal, leukaemic, and cultured cells by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscope cytochemistry. The cells were studied before and after neuraminidase treatment since epitopes recognized by these MoAbs may be masked by sialic acid. Among the recognizable normal marrow or blood cells, all these MoAbs specifically labelled the granulocytic lineage from the promyelocyte to the polymorph. After neuraminidase treatment, monocytes became labelled. All the other lineages remained unstained. Several cell lines were studied. Six of eight lymphoblastoid cell lines were stained by these MoABs; reactivity was increased by neuraminidase. One Burkitt cell line and two T cell lines were also found to be positive. These antibodies were tested on leukaemic cells. In acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia they usually labelled promyelocytes, more mature granulocytic and monocytic precursors but did not label myeloblasts; after neuraminidase treatment, these myeloblasts became stained. No labelling was observed on leukaemic proerythroblasts and promegakaryoblast before and after neuraminidase treatment except in one case of promegakaryoblastic leukaemia in which the SSEA-I antigen and platelet peroxidase were expressed in the same cell. In addition, six cases of common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were studied; the blasts became positive after desialylation. Two examples of T cell acute leukaemia were essentially negative. We conclude, therefore, that the reactivity of haemopoietic cells with these MoAbs alone does not represent a criterion sufficient to sustain their myeloid origin since the SSEA-I antigen may be expressed at the surface of all cell lineages in the early phases of haemopoietic differentiation.
Morphological plasticity of rodent astroglia (2012)

Abstract In the past two decades, there has been an explosion of research on the role of neuroglial interactions in the control of brain homeostasis in both physiological and pathological conditions. Astrocytes, a subtype of glia in the central nervous system, are dynamic signaling elements that regulate neurogenesis and development of brain circuits, displaying intimate dynamic relationships with neurons, especially at synaptic sites where they functionally integrate the tripartite synapse. When astrocytes are isolated from the brain and maintained in culture, they exhibit a polygonal shape unlike their precursors in vivo . However, cultured astrocytes can be induced to undergo morphological plasticity leading to process formation, either by interaction with neurons or by the influence of pharmacological agents. This review highlights studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying morphological plasticity in astrocyte cultures and intact brain tissue, both in situ and in vivo .
A New Technique for Intraoperative Reduction of Occipitocervical Instability (2009)

Basilar invagination (BI) is a rare, but potentially debilitating anomaly of the craniocervical junction. Anterior decompression by means of a transoral or transcervical approach followed by posterior instrumentation is commonly used to treat this pathology. We have developed an innovative operative technique to correct reducible BI using a purely posterior approach. This new technique obviates the need for an anterior decompression procedure or preoperative halo reduction.
A hybrid fuzzy neural decoder for convolutional codes (2002)

In this paper we propose a hybrid fuzzy neural network for decoding of convolutional codes. The decoding process will be completed by classifying the proposed network instead of conventional decoding methods such as Viterbi algorithm. According to the encoding principle of convolutional codes, the size of the network is determined dynamically through clustering. Logic operations are also used in the network, so the training speed of the network is very fast: only one or several iterations are required. Moreover we define fuzzy membership function for each hidden node, which enhances the associative capability of the network, thus improving the rectifying capability. For the small constraint length we study the performance of the proposed method and compare it with the Viterbi algorithm.
Design of Intelligent Electric Scooter with a Cloud Monitoring System (2018)

The purpose of this study is to design an intelligent scooter to replace walking, use Raspberry Pi 2 to set up Web Server web server, complete the 4G network connection through the wireless network card, and complete the intelligent electric scooter network to monitor the user's environmental information, health status and location. System features include: (a) Use the image sensor (Omni Vision sensor, OV sensor) to read the image information to complete the remote monitoring. (b) Adjust the general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pin control via the WebIOPi to complete the antenna lift, and adjust the monitor image to the best view. (c) A device wisdom watch is worn to monitor physiological information recorded in the cloud, and track users' health status. (d) Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite positioning is applied to obtain latitude and longitude, obtain the user's current location, and complete the track records. (e) Temperature and humidity, CO and CO2 environment information are recorded to the MySQL database and display them through web pages. Experiments show that the system is practical and correct, and suitable for patients or the elderly through the remote monitoring to ensure their safety so to assure the family.
Understanding the receivers and the reception of science's uncertain messages (2011)

Although much work has been done by scientists in developing communications to non-scientist audiences, much less attention has been given by them to the ways in which those messages are interpreted. Here, I look at the published work that examines the issue. I focus on three contexts in particular: debates over the triple vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella, the impacts of the Soufrière Hills volcano on the inhabitants of the island of Montserrat and the public communication of the results of climate change research. Several common themes emerge. The most important conclusions are that scientists communicating with the public need to develop their methods deliberatively, involving their target audiences; and that they need to avoid undue dependence on traditional media and public authorities for such communication, and to develop multiple channels to those audiences, including Internet-based and more traditional social networks. Their approach to communicating uncertainty should depend on the context but, except in some extreme emergencies, transparency is generally a virtue. Above all, they need to persist in such public engagements even when the going is rough and extends over long periods. They need support in doing so.