gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Nanodevices by using In-Situ TEM-STM (2008)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2008 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, August 3 – August 7, 2008
Traces of perilymph detected in epipharyngeal fluid: perilymphatic fistula as a cause of sudden hearing loss diagnosed with beta-trace protein (prostaglandin D synthase) immunoelectrophoresis (2001)

The incidence of perilymphatic fistula as cause of sudden hearing loss is not known. We present a case with sudden unilateral hearing loss associated with a positive beta-trace protein test of an epipharyngeal fluid sample. The patient presented with sudden sensorineural hearing loss on the right side. A stapedotomy had been performed nine months previously due to otosclerosis. Intravenous therapy for the treatment of sudden hearing loss was unsuccessful. At the time of sudden hearing loss, epipharyngeal fluid was collected using a Raucocel sinus pack. Investigation using rocket immunoelectrophoresis showed the presence of beta-trace protein. Upon repeating tympanoscopy there was no obvious labyrinthine fluid egress, but the oval window was sealed with fibrin sponge and fibrin glue. The patient's hearing improved over a period of five months.
Bacteria-Mediated Precursor-Dependent Biosynthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide and Iron Sulfide Nanoparticles (2008)

The bacterium Actinobacter sp. has been shown to be capable of extracellularly synthesizing iron based magnetic nanoparticles, namely maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) and greigite (Fe3S4) under ambient conditions depending on the nature of precursors used. More precisely, the bacterium synthesized maghemite when reacted with ferric chloride and iron sulfide when exposed to the aqueous solution of ferric chloride-ferrous sulfate. Challenging the bacterium with different metal ions resulted in induction of different proteins, which bring about the specific biochemical transformations in each case leading to the observed products. Maghemite and iron sulfide nanoparticles show superparamagnetic characteristics as expected. Compared to the earlier reports of magnetite and greigite synthesis by magnetotactic bacteria and iron reducing bacteria, which take place strictly under anaerobic conditions, the present procedure offers significant advancement since the reaction occurs under aerobic condition. Moreover, reaction end products can be tuned by the choice of precursors used.
Circuit modeling of the emitter-wrap-through solar cell (1999)

Back-contact solar cells have the potential to reduce module assembly costs and give a higher conversion efficiency. Such a device must be simple to fabricate on an industrial scale and be tolerant of low minority-carrier diffusion lengths. The emitter-wrap-through (EWT) cell is a device design that can meet these goals. In this device, the diffused junction is present on both sides and is connected by laser-drilled holes through the silicon. EWT cells were frequently found to have poor fill factors (FFs) due to shunt-like behavior. The holes were found to possess no defects that adversely affect device performance. However, detailed equivalent circuit modeling of the EWT cell was able to explain the shunt-like behavior. Experiments were performed to confirm the physical mechanisms described by the equivalent circuit model. Device optimization guided by the equivalent circuit model has led to the demonstration of a large area EWT cell with a FF of 77.64% and efficiency of 18.2%.
Inheritance of an Extreme Dwarf Plant Type in the Cucumber1 (1976)

Abstract An extreme dwarf plant type in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is controlled by the homozygous recessive state of a simply inherited gene, designated cp for compact. The dominant allele yields the standard vine type plant. The gene is inherited independently from the gene for determinate dwarf habit, de . The mode of action of the recessive allele, cp , is to reduce the length of the individual internodes, but it apparently has little effect on the total number of internodes. Seed size of fruits from compact plants is also reduced.
Vicarius and Vicarianus in the Familia Caesaris (1964)

In the study of social structure in the Roman world of the first and second centuries A.D. nothing is more important or more complex than the slave and freed-slave classes. Their numbers are indeterminately large and predominant in many urban and some rural areas. Most have a reasonable expectation of early manumission and enjoy a high rate of social advancement. But it is important to distinguish between the different social levels of the slave classes in general in order to isolate, if possible, those elements of exceptionally high mobility which are an example and incentive to the rest. Among the most important of these in the early Imperial period are the slaves and freedmen of the Emperor, the Familia Caesaris , itself comprising groups of differing legal and occupational status. By comparing different groups of Imperial slaves both with each other and with those of equivalent legal status outside the Familia Caesaris it is possible to illustrate the extent of social differentiation within the slave classes.
Consistency of Asphaltene Chemical Structures with Pyrolysis and Coking Behavior (2003)

Molecular representations of asphaltenes have been proposed from a variety of analytical methods; however, any useful representation must also consider the behavior of these mixtures upon processing. Mild thermal cracking of asphaltenes gives products that have a wide range of boiling points and contain many chemical types, including a range of aromatic, heteroatomic, and aliphatic components. Under severe cracking, the content of aromatic carbon correlates with the yield of solid residue, which can range from 35% to 75%. These process observations are most consistent with representations of asphaltenes as a variety of aromatic groups joined by bridges and substituted by aliphatic groups.
A Systematic Study on Peer-to-Peer Botnets (2009)

"Botnet" is a network of computers that are compromised and controlled by an attacker. Botnets are one of the most serious threats to today's Internet. Most current botnets have centralized command and control (C&C) architecture. However, peer-to-peer (P2P) structured botnets have gradually emerged as a new advanced form of botnets. Without central C&C servers, P2P botnets are more resilient to defenses and countermeasures than traditional centralized botnets. In this paper, we systematically study P2P botnets along multiple dimensions: bot candidate selection, network construction, C&C mechanisms and communication protocols, and mitigation approaches. We carefully study two defense approaches: index poisoning and sybil attack. According to the common idea shared by them, we are able to give analytical results to evaluate their performance. We also propose possible counter techniques which might be developed by attackers against index poisoning and sybil attack defenses. In addition, we obtain one interesting finding: compared to traditional centralized botnets, by using index poisoning technique, it is easier to shut down or at least effectively mitigate P2P botnets that adopt existing P2P protocols and rely on file index to disseminate commands.
[Effects of ambulatory labor analgesia on fetal oxygen saturation]. (2005)

Ambulatory labor analgesia does not significantly affect fetal oxygen saturation during the entire course of labor.
A polymer cell chip with in situ monitoring capability of cell viability for cadmium cytotoxicity test of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (2009)

This paper presents a polymer cell chip integrated with interdigitated array electrodes (IDA) and a planar cadmium (Cd) micro sensor for on-chip monitoring of cell culture and performing Cd cytotoxicity test of human rhabdomyosarcoma (HR) cells. HR cells were maintained in static culture on the cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) chip for up to seven days, and the cellular behavior was characterized using IDA by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A microfabricated Cd sensor with bismuth working electrode was adapted for in situ Cd sensing when cells were exposed to Cd at different concentrations, and the corresponding Cd cytotoxicity was monitored.
Storing a Collection of Differentially Compressed Files Recursively (2014)

A collection of files can be compressed by storing each file in the collection as a delta file: one file refers to several other files. The copy instructions in a delta file could reference other files either in their encoded forms or in their (original) unencoded forms. Because files are stored compressed, the latter approach suffers from a blowout in the number of files that need to be decoded to retrieve a single file. The process is recursive: decoding a file requires referenced files be decoded, which in turn may require the files they reference to be decoded, and so on. Hence the second method is slower than the first, as it generates large chains of dependencies. However, the second method could of course identify larger common strings between files, and so compress the collection better. These two schemes are compared to determine whether the compression gain is sufficient to justify the blowout in latency. Furthermore, we implement a threshold on the level of recursion, and show that this unfortunately results in rather poor compression.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Environmental SEM: Suitable Tools for Study of Adhesion Stage and Biofilm Formation (2012)

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Environmental SEM: Suitable Tools for Study of Adhesion Stage and Biofilm Formation
DNA lesions induced by UV A1 and B radiation in human cells: Comparative analyses in the overall genome and in the<i>p53</i>tumor suppressor gene (2005)

The UV components of sunlight (UVA and UVB) are implicated in the etiology of human skin cancer. The underlying mechanism of action for UVB carcinogenicity is well defined; however, the mechanistic involvement of UVA in carcinogenesis is not fully delineated. We investigated the genotoxicity of UVA1 versus UVB in the overall genome and in the p53 tumor suppressor gene in normal human skin fibroblasts. Immuno-dot blot analysis identified the cis-syn cyclobutane pyrimidine-dimer (CPD) as a distinctive UVB-induced lesion and confirmed its formation in the genomic DNA of UVA1-irradiated cells dependent on radiation dose. HPLC/tandem MS analysis showed an induction of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in the genomic DNA of UVA1-irradiated cells only. Mapping of DNA damages by terminal transferase-dependent PCR revealed preferential, but not identical, formation of polymerase-blocking lesions and/or strand breaks along exons 5-8 of the p53 gene in UVB- and UVA1-irradiated cells. The UVB-induced lesions detected by terminal transferase-PCR were almost exclusively mapped to pyrimidine-rich sequences; however, the UVA1-induced lesions were mapped to purine- and pyrimidine-containing sequences along the p53 gene. Cleavage assays with lesion-specific DNA repair enzymes coupled to ligation-mediated PCR showed preferential, but not identical, formation of CPDs along the p53 gene in UVB- and UVA1-irradiated cells. Additionally, dose-dependent formation of oxidized and ring-opened purines and abasic sites was established in the p53 gene in only UVA1-irradiated cells. We conclude that UVA1 induces promutagenic CPDs and oxidative DNA damage at both the genomic and nucleotide resolution level in normal human skin fibroblasts.
Trust only on what we see: Ensure trustworthiness of images on vehicular cloud (2017)

In social vehicular navigation systems, images and other information are mainly collected from crowd sourced data. They are collected from different users. These data can be filtered and combined to form traffic_digest which is source to destination path including the most relevant tweet send by the users. Drawback of crowd sourced data are while collecting information from the users it doesn't checks the trust worthy of that information. So in my work I have added 4 security features to ensure trust of the information collected from the users. First, comparing the current GPS location of the user and location embedded in the images or alerts send by the user. Second, Alert on disruptions in the road can be send by the user, only if a shake or slowdown on the device occurred. Third, doing image filter on the device and at last Comparing the time embedded on the image with current time. During shake or slow down of device, a pop up window will be appeared and emergency message can be send by the user. If disruption is caused by the traffic block by vehicles, human beings, cattle or any other things on the road, alert message can be send with a captured image which cause the traffic block. On the server side checking the disruptions of the user by analyzing the shake frequency and slow down of the system. If it occurs give notification to user as there are some disruptions. Alert send by the user will be saved only if, same type of alert are send by 2 or more than 2 users between a time interval of 20 minutes, within an area of 1 kilometer.
Systematics Of The Coatis, Genus Nasua (Mammalia, Procyonidae) (1991)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
A Combinatorial Code for the Interaction of α-Synuclein with Membranes (2005)

Considerable genetic and pathological evidence has implicated the small, soluble protein alpha-synuclein in the pathogenesis of familial and sporadic forms of Parkinsons disease (PD). However, the precise role of alpha-synuclein in the disease process as well as its normal function remain poorly understood. We recently found that an interaction with lipid rafts is crucial for the normal, pre-synaptic localization of alpha-synuclein. To understand how alpha-synuclein interacts with lipid rafts, we have now developed an in vitro binding assay to rafts purified from native membranes. Recapitulating the specificity observed in vivo, recombinant wild type but not PD-associated A30P mutant alpha-synuclein binds to lipid rafts isolated from cultured cells and purified synaptic vesicles. Proteolytic digestion of the rafts does not disrupt the binding of alpha-synuclein, indicating an interaction with lipid rather than protein components of these membranes. We have also found that alpha-synuclein binds directly to artificial membranes whose lipid composition mimics that of lipid rafts. The binding of alpha-synuclein to these raft-like liposomes requires acidic phospholipids, with a preference for phosphatidylserine (PS). Interestingly, a variety of synthetic PS with defined acyl chains do not support binding when used individually. Rather, the interaction with alpha-synuclein requires a combination of PS with oleic (18:1) and polyunsaturated (either 20:4 or 22:6) fatty acyl chains, suggesting a role for phase separation within the membrane. Furthermore, alpha-synuclein binds with higher affinity to artificial membranes with the PS head group on the polyunsaturated fatty acyl chain rather than on the oleoyl side chain, indicating a stringent combinatorial code for the interaction of alpha-synuclein with membranes.
Modeling of para-Xylene Synthesis via Nonselective Toluene Disproportionation (2009)

The effective parameters on p-Xylene yield in the nonselective disproportionation reaction over unmodified ZSM-5 catalyst were investigated using the validated model developed in this study. The results of this study indicate that toluene conversion and benzene/xylene ratio is increased by increasing feed temperature and reactor residence time. Even though an adiabatic operation is applied, an almost isothermal reactor temperature profile is predicted by the model due to the low heat of reaction. At different feed operating temperatures, different maximum para-Xylene yields are reached at different weight hourly space velocities (WHSV)-1. Since the model numerical predictions demonstrate that the lower feed temperature requires larger reactor to obtain the maximum p-Xylene yield, therefore, selection of optimum conditions is a function of two independent variables, feed temperature, and (WHSV)-1, and should be selected in order to minimize the objective function of total manufacturing and operating costs.
Insertion of Carbodiimide into the Ln−C σ-Bond of Organolanthanide Complexes. Synthesis, Reaction, and Characterization of Organolanthanide Amidinates (C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Ln[<i><sup>t</sup></i>BuNC(<i><sup>n</sup></i>Bu)N<i><sup>t</sup></i>Bu] (Ln = Er, Gd, Y) (2002)

The synthesis, structures, and reactivity of new lanthanocene complexes incorporating amidinate ligand [tBuNC(nBu)NtBu] are described. Treatment of Cp2LnnBu (Ln = Er (1), Y (2), Gd (3)) with N,N'-di-tert-butylcarbodiimide results in monoinsertion of carbodiimide into the Ln−C σ-bond to yield the title compounds Cp2Ln[tBuNC(nBu)NtBu] (Ln = Er (4), Y (5), Gd (6)). Complexes 4−6 were characterized by elemental analysis and IR and mass spectroscopies. The structures of complexes 4 and 5 were determined through X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. It is shown that compound 5 is a fine catalyst for cyclotrimerization of phenyl isocyanate.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) mutations in breast and cervical cancer (2006)

20101 Background: EGFR is a tyrosine kinase receptor in the HER family which is widely expressed in a number of epithelial tumors and is believed to play a key role in cell proliferation. Molecular analysis of the EGFR gene in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer have identified a distinct subset of tumors that possess specific point mutations in the tyrosine kinase region of the EGFR gene, which correlate to response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as gefitinib and erlotinib. Clinical trials involving TKIs are currently under way for patients with breast and cervical cancer. While responses thus far may have been modest it is unclear whether specific EGFR mutations are present in breast and cervical cancers which identify patients with improved prognosis and better response to therapy in these cancers. Using clinical samples with 5 years of follow-up clinical data, we have set out to determine whether EGFR mutations exist in breast and cervical cancers, and how these mutations, if any, correlate with the clinical data. Methods: We plan to perform sequence analysis of the tyrosine kinase domain of the EGFR gene (exons 18–24) in 50 archival breast and 44 cervical cancer specimens using PCR amplification and sequencing of genomic DNA. Clinical information has been extracted from patient charts on samples and will be correlated with the presence of any EGFR mutations identified. Results: To date we have collected 50 breast and 44 cervical tumor blocks and have isolated genomic DNA from the specimens. Sequencing for point mutations in exons 18–24 is underway. Clinical data on the cervical cancer specimens revealed a mean age at diagnosis of 48.2 years, tumor grades that were mostly intermediate (50%) and high (45%), and all FICO stages at diagnosis (43% stage I, 30% stage II, 5% stage III, 5% stage IV). In addition the rate of recurrence was 32%, and survival rate was 82% with an average time of follow-up for the set of 4.9 years. Conclusions: Our data will further elucidate the role of point mutations in EGFR gene in breast and cervical cancer prognosis and response to therapy, and will complement data currently being collected in clinical trials using TKIs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Analysis and Design of an Interleaved Active-Clamping Forward Converter (2007)

This paper presents a new interleaved active- clamping zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) forward converter, which is mainly composed of two active-clamping forward converters. Only two switches are required, and each one is the auxiliary switch for the other. The circuit complexity and cost are thus reduced. The leakage inductance of the transformer or an additional resonant inductance is employed to achieve ZVS during the dead times. The duty cycles are not limited to be equal and within 50%. The complementary switchings and the resulted interleaved output inductor currents diminish the current ripple in output capacitors. Accordingly, the smaller output chokes and capacitors lower the converter volume and increase the power density. Detailed analysis and design of this new interleaved active-clamping forward converter are described. Experimental results are recorded for a prototype converter with an ac input voltage of 85-135 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> , an output voltage of 12 V, and an output current of 16 A, which operates at a switching frequency of 150 kHz.
Protestant funeral processions in southeast China: From Gangnam style to overt Evangelization (2015)

Christian funeral services and processions, replete with Christian-inspired banners and signs, church bands, and conspicuous crosses, are ways in which Protestant communities in South Fujian actively promote their faith.These events, which are often quite evangelistic, are more than simple demonstrations of faith.They are also formative because the expressions of social cohesion are meant to elevate the status of the church community or family in the eyes of society at large.This article will demonstrate that the renao (socially vibrant) atmosphere of Protestant funerals reflects how such activities are important avenues for church communities to gather and celebrate.
Maspin expression profile in human prostate cancer (CaP) and in vitro induction of Maspin expression by androgen ablation. (2002)

Maspin expression is frequently absent in primary prostate cancers. Up-regulation of MASPIN in response to androgen ablation strongly suggests a physiological role of Maspin in growth inhibition and/or apoptosis of prostate cancer cells during androgen ablation.
Paediatric medulloblastoma cells are susceptible to Viscum album (Mistletoe) preparations. (2006)

These in vitro results show that paediatric medulloblastoma cells respond to Viscum album preparations, by undergoing cell death through apoptosis and that this growth-inhibition correlates with the lectin content of the used preparation.
Modulation schemes for resonant tunneling diodes to enhance the data-rate of wireless communications (2016)

Resonant tunneling diode based transmitters for wireless communication systems in the terahertz frequency range around 300 GHz are investigated. Two possible modulation schemes are investigated to increase the data rate of the transmitter. An error-free data rate of 4 Gbps is achieved using the best modulation scheme and a RTD based receiver.
UAV-based data communication in wireless sensor networks: Models and strategies (2015)

In recent years, the technology of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have evolved quickly leading to sensors with increased memory, storage, processing, and communication capabilities. WSNs have many applications in the commercial, environmental, and military fields. In addition, the technology of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has gone through revolutionary improvements, which have led to highly advanced UAVs that come in numerous sizes, capabilities, and functions. In order to significantly reduce the energy consumption used in data transmission, reduce radio frequency interference that can be caused with the hidden terminal and collision problems that are present in the multihop data routing approach, and extend the network lifetime, this paper presents different models and strategies for using UAVs for data collection in WSNs. Even though, some of the models can be used for real-time data traffic communication in emergency situations, most of the proposed models are useful for data traffic that is delay-tolerant. We define the different types of nodes and devices that are used, and present different UAV-based data collection frameworks including store-and-forward, and real-time data transfer models. The paper also provides several UAV routing algorithms, which use round-robin and demand-driven strategies.