gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Trapped Intermediate in the Copper(II)-Mediated Template Synthesis of an Amino Acid-Containing Ligand (1997)

A transition metal ion-templating reaction that has been widely exploited for the synthesis of nitrogen macrocycles, sepulchrates, and linear tetradentate ligands is the template-directed Mannich condensation of carbon acid and aldehyde equivalents with amines. In the course of investigating the copper(II) template-directed synthesis of linear tetradentate amino acid-containing ligands for the design and synthesis of double-strand DNA cleavage agents, we have trapped and characterized an intermediate in the templating reaction. Condensation of bis(phenylalaninato)copper(II) with formaldehyde and nitroethane led to a nitro-substituent-bearing precursor complex that upon reduction is crystallographically characterized as ((2S)-5-amino-2-benzyl-6-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-azahexanoate)copper(II) (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 9.0066(5) Å, b = 11.1040(6) Å, c = 16.009(2) Å, alpha = beta = gamma = 90.0 degrees, Z = 4, R(1) = 0.0265, wR(2) = 0.0612). NMR investigation of the precursor complex and the precursor and product ligands shows that the templated ligands each contain only a single phenylalanine unit, not the two phenylalanine units expected on the basis of similar synthetic procedures. The structure of the reduced product confirms this conclusion and provides structural characterization of a template intermediate trapped during ligand assembly.
Synthesis and <i>in vivo</i> fungicidal activity of some new quinoline derivatives against rice blast (2017)

Quinoline derivatives, especially benzyl (2,3,8-trimethyl-6-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)quinolin-4-yl) carbonate, which possess good control effective against rice blast and cucumber powdery mildew, may become new lead compounds for the development of fungicides with further structure modification. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Characterization of Tetrahymena Histone H2B Variants and Posttranslational Populations by Electron Capture Dissociation (ECD) Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) (2004)

This work describes the nature and sequence information content of the electron capture dissociation mass spectra for the intact Tetrahymena histone H2B. Two major variants of this protein were present bearing nominal modifications of both +42 and +84 Da. This work describes identification of the nature of these two modifications. For example, using gas-phase selection and isolation of the +42-Da modified species, from a background of two H2B variants each present in six or more posttranslationally modified isoforms, we were able to determine that this +42-Da modification isoform bears trimethylation rather than acetylation. LC-CIDMS analysis was also employed on digested preparations to obtain complementary detail of the nature of site-specific posttranslational modifications. This study establishes that integration of the information from these two datasets provides a comprehensive map of posttranslational occupancy for each particular covalent assemblage selected for structural investigation.
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase in failing human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy (2002)

These data suggest that multiple MAP kinases, p90RSK, and Src are differentially regulated in human failing myocardium of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and may be involved in the pathogenesis of this complex disease.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorption Kinetic Studies of Ethylenediamine Modified Cellulose for Removal of Cd and Pb (2011)

Surface functionalization of cellulose using ethylenediamine was performed to improve its binding capacity for Cd and Pb. Adsorption kinetics at pH 6.0 and 25°C revealed the Langmuir model to better describe the binding phenomena based on linear regression correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.998 and 0.986 with adsorption capacities of 0.0136 and 0.0179 mmol g−1 for Cd and Pb, respectively, using raw cellulose and 0.128 and 0.242 mmol g−1 with ethylenediamine-modified cellulose. The Freundlich model gave binding capacities of 2.32 × 10−3 and 2.08 × 10−3 mmol g−1 for Cd and Pb, with R2 values of 0.979 and 0.942, respectively.
Literature Review of Durability of Composites in Reinforced Concrete. (1996)

Abstract : Many fiber reinforced plastics (FRP's) have excellent corrosion resistance properties and can be engineered to have mechanical properties comparable to steel. These characteristics have promoted their use in many structural applications all over the world. Although the short-term mechanical properties of these materials are usually well documented, long-term durability issues still remain. Some of these issues are hereby summarized, mostly for the case of reinforced concrete applications. Experimental observations indicate that all fiber reinforced plastics have long term strengths which are only a fraction of the short term strength. For glass, aramid and carbon FRP's, the fraction is about 30%, 50% and 80%, respectively. In addition glass and aramid FRP's will degrade if in direct contact with concrete, in the presence of moisture, and when subjected to UV radiation. These poor durability characteristics place significant restrictions on the working stress allowables for design.
Evidence for the Formation of Anionic Zerovalent Group 10 Complexes as Highly Reactive Intermediates (2015)

The in situ generated CNC pincer lithium complex [Li(bimca)] (2) (bimca = bis(3-methylimidazolin-2-ylidene)carbazolide) reacts with M = Pt(0), Pd(0), and Ni(0) precursors under formal oxidative addition to (bimca)hydrido M(II) complexes 3. This unusual reaction involves proton abstraction that can derive from various sources including the ligand itself. Mechanistic considerations are given. The respective [M(bmica)Cl] complexes 4 have been prepared from the hydrido complexes 3 and subjected to reduction in order to identify a proposed zerovalent anionic [M(bimca)]− complex. In the case of M = Pt, only the (bimca)hydrido Pt(II) complex is observed, whereas, for [Pd(bimca)Cl], a dimeric Pd(0) complex [Pd2(bimca)2]K2 (6) bearing an anionic carbazole moiety is formed in the solid state. NMR DOSY experiments show that, in solution, this dimer dissociates to the monomeric anionic complex [Pd(bimca)]− (5b). We conclude that such anionic zerovalent complexes are plausible intermediates in the synthesis of group 1...
What are Cybercrimes? (2004)

(2004). What are Cybercrimes? Criminal Justice Matters: Vol. 58, Crime &Technology, pp. 20-21.
A Non Contact Voltage Measurement Technique using Auger Spectroscopy (1983)

Scanning Auger spectroscopy is commonly used for surface analysis to identify elements on a given sample. The identification is accomplished by the use of an electron spectrometer that determines the energy of electrons leaving the sample surface. The energy of the Auger electrons leaving the sample is characteristic of the element. Peaks occur in a spectrum of a material at energy levels that are indicative of the elements comprising the material. Slight shifts in the location of these characteristic peaks are observed due to chemical bonding. Thus, some compound information is obtainable. These shifts occur because the energy of the Auger electron is altered by chemical bonding. In a similar manner the energy of the Auger electron leaving a sample surface can be altered by changing the bias potential between the sample and the electron detector. Therefore if the identity of an element on a sample surface is already known, shifts in the location of the peak in the energy spectrum are due to either chemical bonding or a change in the bias between the sample and the electron detector. If chemical bonding can be eliminated as the cause of the shift, then the bias must be the cause. The bias can be changed at either the detector or the sample. If the bias is changed at the detector, all Auger electrons are shifted by the same amount (eV).
Assembly of very low density lipoproteins in mouse liver: evidence of heterogeneity of particle density in the Golgi apparatus (2001)

The assembly of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) by hepatocytes is believed to occur via a two-step process. The first step is the formation of a dense phospholipid and protein-rich particle that is believed to be converted to VLDL by the addition of bulk triglyceride in a second step. Previous studies in our laboratory led us to hypothesize a third assembly step that occurs in route to or in the Golgi apparatus. To investigate this hypothesis, nascent lipoproteins were recovered from Golgi apparatus-rich fractions isolated from mouse liver. The Golgi fractions were enriched 125-fold in galactosyltransferase and contained lipoprotein particles averaging approximately 35 nm in diameter. These lipoproteins were separated by ultracentrifugation into two fractions: d < 1.006 g/ml and d1.006;-1.210 g/ml. The d < 1.006 g/ml fraction contained apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100), apoB-48, and apoE, while the d1.006;-1.210 g/ml fraction contained these three apoproteins as well as apoA-I and apoA-IV. Both fractions contained a 21-kDa protein that was isolated and sequenced and identified as major urinary protein. Approximately 50% of the apoB was recovered with the denser fraction. To determine if these small, dense lipoproteins were secreted without further addition of lipid, mice were injected with Triton WR1339 and [(3)H]leucine, and the secretion of apoB-100 and apoB-48 into serum VLDL (d < 1.006 g/ml) and d1.006;-1.210 g/ml fractions was monitored over a 2-h period. More than 80% of the newly synthesized apoB-48 and nearly 100% of the apoB-100 were secreted with VLDL. These studies provide the first characterization of nascent lipoproteins recovered from the Golgi apparatus of mouse liver. We conclude that these nascent hepatic Golgi lipoproteins represent a heterogeneous population of particles including VLDL as well as a population of small, dense lipoproteins. The finding of the latter particles, coupled with the demonstration that the primary secretory product of mouse liver is VLDL, suggests that lipid may be added to nascent lipoproteins within the Golgi apparatus.
Polarization Insensitive Ion-Exchanged Arrayed-Waveguide Grating Multiplexers in Glass (1998)

Abstract Wavelength multiplexers based on the arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) principle are fabricated with ion-exchanged waveguides in glass for 1550 nm. The insertion loss is 6 and 4 dB with a cross talk of 15 and 20 dB for 8-channel 50 GHz and 4-channel 100 GHz devices, respectively. The AWGs are almost polarization insensitive because the refractive index profile of the waveguides is nearly concentric and the waveguides are diffused into stress-free glass substrates. The transverse electric transverse magnetic (TETM) shift of the wavelength response is only 0.02 nm (2.5GHz) for an 8-channel 50 GHz AWG. The temperature sensitivity is 1.4 GHz C. Keywords: Arrayed-waveguide Grating Ion-exchanged Waveguides Wavelength Division Multiplexing Wavelength Multiplexers
Temperature dependence of the magnetostriction and the induced anisotropy in nanocrystalline FeCuNbSiB alloys, and their fluxgate properties (1994)

Making use of the stress induced magnetic anisotropy in some iron-rich FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline materials we studied the thermal dependence of their magnetostriction which becomes zero below the Curie temperature. The choice of a suitable composition and annealing temperature results in materials with zero magnetostriction at room temperature. Due to the low magnetostriction these materials have very promising fluxgate properties which were studied as well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
50 years of RF and microwave sampling (2003)

Measurement of microwave and UHF signals is often done with sampling techniques. In this paper, the techniques and technology of sampling of electrical signals is reviewed from 1950 to the present. It includes both references to the open literature, as well as an extensive review of relevant patents. It also provides an overview of sampling applications and the use of computer technology to compensate and correct for errors in the sampling process.
Cabin car communication system to improve communications inside a car (2002)

This paper presents a cabin car communication system (CCCS) to improve the communication among passengers inside a car. Noise, distance between speakers and many other factors make difficult to maintain a conversation inside a car. The CCCS picks up the speech of each passenger, amplifies it, and uses the car loudspeaker system to return it into the cabin. Two problems arise when designing a CCCS; the electro-acoustic coupling between loudspeakers and microphones, and the amplification of the inside car noise. As a result of the first problem, the system may become unstable. To maintain the stability of the system, the CCCS makes use of a robust acoustic echo cancellation scheme based on system identification and a Wiener echo suppressor. Using a noise reduction system based on Wiener filtering reduces second problem, noise amplification. Experimental results showing the performance of the system in terms of acoustic echo and noise reduction and speech reinforce are presented. A system with 2-input/2-output channels has been built on a DSP board for medium size cars and minivan vehicles.
QuickTime VR (1995)

Traditionally, virtual reality systems use 3D computer graphics to model and render virtual environments in real-time. This approach usually requires laborious modeling and expensive special purpose rendering hardware. The rendering quality and scene complexity are often limited because of the real-time constraint. This paper presents a new approach which uses 360-degree cylindrical panoramic images to compose a virtual environment. The panoramic image is digitally warped on-the-fly to simulate camera panning and zooming. The panoramic images can be created with computer rendering, specialized panoramic cameras or by "stitching" together overlapping photographs taken with a regular camera. Walking in a space is currently accomplished by "hopping" to different panoramic points. The image-based approach has been used in the commercial product QuickTime VR, a virtual reality extension to Apple Computer's QuickTime digital multimedia framework. The paper describes the architecture, the file format, the authoring process and the interactive players of the VR system. In addition to panoramic viewing, the system includes viewing of an object from different directions and hit-testing through orientation-independent hot spots.
Assessment of Antiobesity Potential of<i>Achyranthes aspera</i>Linn. Seed (2012)

The present study was designed to evaluate the quality control parameters, quantitative phytochemical analysis (total phenols, total flavonoids, and total saponin content), and the antiobesity effect of ethanol extract of Achyranthes aspera Linn. seed (EAA) by employing in vitro and in vivo models. In in vitro study, the inhibitory activity of EAA on pancreatic amylase and lipase was measured. The in vivo pancreatic lipase activity was evaluated by measurement of plasma triacylglycerol levels after oral administration of EAA along with lipid emulsion to Swiss albino mice. The EAA inhibited pancreatic amylase and lipase activity in vitro and elevations of plasma triacylglycerol level in mice. Furthermore, the antiobesity effect of EAA (900 mg/kg) was assessed in mice fed a high-fat diet with or without EAA for 6 weeks. EAA significantly suppressed the increase in body, retroperitoneal adipose tissue, liver weights, and serum parameters, namely; total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol level. The anti obesity effects of EAA in high-fat-diet-treated mice may be partly mediated through delaying the intestinal absorption of dietary fat by inhibiting pancreatic amylase and lipase activity. Histopathological effects of EAA on the liver of mice were also assessed.
A Combination of Glycerol and Manganese Promotes Biofilm Formation in Bacillus subtilis via Histidine Kinase KinD Signaling (2013)

The spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis forms matrix-enclosed biofilms in response to environmental cues that to date remain poorly defined. Biofilm formation depends on the synthesis of an extracellular matrix, which is indirectly regulated by the transcriptional regulator Spo0A. The activity of Spo0A depends on its phosphorylation state. The level of phosphorylated Spo0A (Spo0A~P) is controlled by a network of kinases and phosphatases, which respond to environmental and physiological signals. In spite of significant progress in understanding biofilm development, the fundamental question of how cells sense the environmental cues that trigger biofilm formation has largely remained unaddressed. Here, we report that biofilm formation of B. subtilis in LB medium is triggered by a combination of glycerol and manganese (GM). Moreover, LB medium with GM significantly stimulates biofilm-associated sporulation and production of an undefined brown pigment. We further show that transcription of the major operons responsible for matrix production and biofilm formation is dramatically enhanced in response to GM. We also establish that KinD is a principal histidine kinase responsible for sensing the presence of GM exclusively by its extracellular CACHE domain. Finally, we show that GM has a similar biofilm-promoting effect in two related Bacillus species, B. licheniformis and B. cereus, indicating that the biofilm-promoting effect of GM is conserved in Bacillus species.
An Electronic Integrating Circuit for Recording the Spontaneous Activity of Animals (1948)

Various mechanical and electrical techniques have been used to record the spontaneous activity of animals during pharmacological and physiological studies. Most of them are in-adequate in one way or another. An electronic integrating circuit is described which eliminates the principal faults inherent in other methods. An electromagnetic pick-up is mounted on a small rigid cage which is supported on a viscous damping mount. The output of this pick-up is amplified, rectified, and stored in a condenser. The voltage acquired by the condenser is applied as the plate voltage of a small thyratron. The bias on the thyratron controls the energy required to fire the circuit. When the circuit fires, a sensitive relay is closed and the unit represented is written on a moving tape and added to a counter. The results obtained by this method are in discrete units and can be treated by mathematical methods.
Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Films: Materials And Applications (1989)

Typical applications of polymer-dispersed of liquid crystal (PDLC) films include large and flexible information &splays and windows with electronically controlled transmission. Whenever these applications are intended for outdoor usage as, for example, when the films are to be applied to automobile sunroofs, selection criteria for the materials and choice of preparation method become important in order to satisfy the environmental temperature and humidity extremes. This paper reviews and compares different technologies for preparing PDLC films, giving special emphasis to their microstructure and ability to exhibit good electro-optic performance over an extended temperature range.
Phthalate Esters Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood and Related Factors (2012)

Objective: To observe phthalate esters(PAEs)levels and related factors from Chenghai area.Methods: One hundred and twenty-seven neonatal umbilical cord blood samples from Chenghai and 60 from Haojiang were collected.PAEs levels were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.Questionnaire was carried out among subjects.Results: The mean of butylbenzyl phthalate,di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,di-n-octyl phthalate(DnOP)levels(24.1,648.6,10.1 μg/L)from Chenghai were significantly higher than Haojiang(22.9,P0.05;492.8,P0.01;7.2 μg/L,P0.001).DnOP level was negatively correlated with mothers' age and tea consuming.Conclusion: Pregnant women and neonates from Chenghai area are exposured to higher PAEs levels.Adopting effective measures to decrease local people's PAEs level are needed.
Use of Commercially Available Cryogenic Vials for Long-Term Preservation of Dermatophyte Fungi (2006)

The use of commercially available cryogenic vials (Microbank vials) stored at -70 degrees C for the storage and preservation of dermatophyte fungi was investigated. None of the 200 strains of dermatophytes examined, representing 21 species, showed a loss of viability after they had been stored for periods ranging from 1 week to 2 years at -70 degrees C. All strains showed typical colonial and microscopic morphologies following revival.
Dynamic optical tomographic imager with optimized digital lock-in filtering (2007)

We describe a new dynamic optical tomography system that is, unlike currently available analog instrumentation, based on digital data-acquisition and filtering techniques. At the heart of this continuous wave instrument is a digital signal processor (DSP) that collects, collates, processes, and filters the digitized data set. A digital lock-in filter that has been designed for this particular application maximizes measurement fidelity. The synchronously-timed processes are controlled by a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) that is also used in conjunction with the DSP to orchestrate data flow. Real-time data rates as high as 140Hz can be achieved. The operation of the system is implemented through a graphical user interface designed with LabVIEW software, Performance analysis shows very low system noise (~600fW RMS noise equivalent power), excellent signal precision (<0.04% - 0.2%) and long-term system stability (<1% over 40 min). A large dynamic range (~195dB) accommodates a wide scope of measurement geometries and tissue types. First experiments on tissue phantoms show that dynamic behavior is accurately captured and spatial location can be correctly tracked using this system.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Extranuclear ERα is associated with regression of T47D PKCα-overexpressing, tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer (2013)

Extranuclear ERα plays a role in the regression of PKCα-overexpressing tamoxifen-resistant tumors. These studies underline the unique role of extranuclear ERα in E2- and raloxifene-induced tumor regression that may have implications for treatment of endocrine-resistant PKCα-expressing tumors encountered in the clinic.
Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) Approaches for Computer Vision and Bio-Medical Imaging (2018)

Deep learning is showing tremendous success in variety
Temperature dependence of electrical properties of non-doped and nitrogen-doped beta-SiC single crystals grown by chemical vapor deposition (1986)

Electrical properties of non-doped and nitrogen-doped n-type β-SiC films grown on Si substrates have been investigated at 70–1000 K. Those of non-doped films remarkably depend on the Si/C ratio of the source gases. The highest mobilities of non-doped films are 510 and 1330 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 296 and 71 K, respectively. The carrier concentrations are as low as 6×1016 cm−3 even at 1000 K. Ionization energies of 34 –37 meV for nitrogen donors and 19–25 meV for unknown donors of non-doped films are obtained. Mobilities of both non-doped and nitrogen-doped films are dominated by lattice scattering at high temperatures and by impurity scattering at low temperatures. Nitrogen donors strongly affect the impurity scattering.