gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erythropoietin protects against diabetes through direct effects on pancreatic β cells (2010)

A common feature among all forms of diabetes mellitus is a functional β-cell mass insufficient to maintain euglycemia; therefore, the promotion of β-cell growth and survival is a fundamental goal for diabetes prevention and treatment. Evidence has suggested that erythropoietin (EPO) exerts cytoprotective effects on nonerythroid cells. However, the influence of EPO on pancreatic β cells and diabetes has not been evaluated to date. In this study, we report that recombinant human EPO treatment can protect against diabetes development in streptozotocin-induced and db/db mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. EPO exerts antiapoptotic, proliferative, antiinflammatory, and angiogenic effects within the islets. Using β-cell-specific EPO receptor and JAK2 knockout mice, we show that these effects of EPO result from direct biological effects on β cells and that JAK2 is an essential intracellular mediator. Thus, promotion of EPO signaling in β cells may be a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes prevention and treatment.
The Venous Antithrombotic Effect of LF 1351 in the Rat following Oral Administration (1992)

The venous antithrombotic effects of a novel chemical entity, LF 1351, were investigated in rats following single oral administration, in comparison with i.v. administered heparin. LF 1351 demonstrated a dose-related antithrombotic effect in three models of venous thrombosis. The compound was approximately equipotent in two models involving complete stasis of the vena cava and administration of factor Xa or porcine serum, giving respective ED50 values of 48.7 mg/kg and 36.7 mg/kg. LF 1351 was less effective in a model involving partial stasis in the presence of an endothelial lesion. In this case, the antithrombotic effect did not exceed 60-65%, the ED50 being 150 mg/kg. Heparin (50-300 micrograms/kg; 7.5-45.0 U/kg) was effective in all three models. At the approximate ED80 value against factor Xa-induced thrombosis (75 mg/kg) the antithrombotic effect of LF 1351 persisted for 6 h. The antithrombotic effect of LF 1351 (300 mg/kg) occurred without significant changes in APTT or thrombin time.
A rearrangement in the reaction of alpha alpha- dichloroacetophenone with sodium methoxide. (1968)

Rearrangement in reaction between alpha alpha- dichloroacetophenone and sodium methoxide, identifying phenylglyoxal dimethyl ketal as reaction product
Evasion of anti-growth signaling: A key step in tumorigenesis and potential target for treatment and prophylaxis by natural compounds (2015)

The evasion of anti-growth signaling is an important characteristic of cancer cells. In order to continue to proliferate, cancer cells must somehow uncouple themselves from the many signals that exist to slow down cell growth. Here, we define the anti-growth signaling process, and review several important pathways involved in growth signaling: p53, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), retinoblastoma protein (Rb), Hippo, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A), Notch, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) pathways. Aberrations in these processes in cancer cells involve mutations and thus the suppression of genes that prevent growth, as well as mutation and activation of genes involved in driving cell growth. Using these pathways as examples, we prioritize molecular targets that might be leveraged to promote anti-growth signaling in cancer cells. Interestingly, naturally occurring phytochemicals found in human diets (either singly or as mixtures) may promote anti-growth signaling, and do so without the potentially adverse effects associated with synthetic chemicals. We review examples of naturally occurring phytochemicals that may be applied to prevent cancer by antagonizing growth signaling, and propose one phytochemical for each pathway. These are: epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for the Rb pathway, luteolin for p53, curcumin for PTEN, porphyrins for Hippo, genistein for GDF15, resveratrol for ARID1A, withaferin A for Notch and diguelin for the IGF1-receptor pathway. The coordination of anti-growth signaling and natural compound studies will provide insight into the future application of these compounds in the clinical setting.
Laser-initiated deposition reactions: Microchemistry in organogold polymer films (1985)

Micron-sized gold features have been produced by the cw Ar+ laser-initiated decomposition of thin organogold polymer films. These features may exhibit pronounced periodic structure under a wide variety of experimental conditions, resulting from propagation of the reaction front ahead of the laser by the heat of reaction associated with the chemical transformation. Gold features formed by irradiation of gold chloride-doped polymer films further demonstrate these thermal effects. Thermoanalytical studies provide pertinent data for selection of suitable precursor materials.
A study of concurrency in MPEG-4 video encoder (2002)

The traditional boundaries between the computer, TV/film industries and telecommunications, are blurring. Therein lies the focus of MPEG-4: the convergence of common applications of the above mentioned three industries. MPEG-4 aims to satisfy the new requirements and expectations, by providing an audio visual coding standard allowing for interactivity, high compression and universal accessibility. Moreover coding of video data is an important feature in digital industry and the MPEG-4 video encoder has to be able to encode efficiently visual information and probably in real time conditions. Therefore a lot of effort has been spent in real time video encoding and decoding issues using either hardware or software solutions. This paper addresses these issues by describing a parallel software implementation of the MPEG-4 video encoder using multithread techniques. A scheduling policy is proposed to guarantee via a buffer synchronisation a significant speed up which under some special circumstances reach an optimised load balancing solution. The proposed scheme is tested using the hardware resources of Unix multiprocessor hardware platform (running Solaris 2.0) by rewriting and modifying the current MPEG-4 encoder.
Magnetism of rare-earth elements, alloys, and compounds (1972)

The magnetic properties of the rare-earth metals and a number of the alloy and compound systems formed with rare earths are discussed. Emphasis is placed on current experimental results of bulk magnetic measurements and related transport phenomena and their bearing on theoretical studies. Topics covered include exchange interactions, magnetization processes, crystal field effects and anisotropy, magnetostriction, spin structures and their field dependence, specific heat, optical effects, resistivity, magnetoresistivity, and other transport properties affected by the magnetic order. Examples are drawn from a number of material systems including ionic compounds, solid solution compounds (e.g., rare-earth magnetic semiconductors), intermetallic compounds (permanent magnet materials, etc.), and bubble domain materials in addition to the rare-earth elements and intra-rare-earth alloys. Tables are presented giving the spin structures, ordering temperatures, saturation and effective moments, and other properties of the elements and specific compounds.
Head First HTML with CSS & XHTML (2005)

Tired of reading HTML books that only make sense after you're an expert? Then it's about time you picked up Head First HTML with CSS & XHTML and really learned HTML. You want to learn HTML so you can finally create those web pages you've always wanted, so you can communicate more effectively with friends, family, fans, and fanatic customers. You also want to do it right so you can actually maintain and expand your Web pages over time, and so your web pages work in all the browsers and mobile devices out there. Oh, and if you've never heard of CSS, that's okay - we won't tell anyone you're still partying like it's 1999 - but if you're going to create Web pages in the 21st century then you'll want to know and understand CSS. Learn the real secrets of creating Web pages, and why everything your boss told you about HTML tables is probably wrong (and what to do instead). Most importantly, hold your own with your co-worker (and impress cocktail party guests) when he casually mentions how his HTML is now strict, and his CSS is in an external style sheet. With Head First HTML with CSS & XHTML , you'll avoid the embarrassment of thinking web-safe colors still matter, and the foolishness of slipping a font tag into your Best of all, you'll learn HTML and CSS in a way that won't put you to sleep. you've read a Head First book, you know what to expect: a visually-rich format designed for the way your brain works. Using the latest research in neurobiology, cognitive science, and learning theory, this book will load HTML, CSS, and XHTML into your brain in a way that sticks. So what are you waiting for? Leave those other dusty books behind and come join us in Webville. Your tour is about to begin. Elegant design is at the core of every chapter here, each concept conveyed with equal doses of pragmatism and wit. --Ken Goldstein, Executive Vice President, Disney Online book is a thoroughly modern introduction to forward-looking practices in web page markup and presentation. --Danny Goodman, author of Dynamic HTML: The Definitive Guide What used to be a long trial and error learning process has now been reduced neatly into an engaging paperback. --Mike Davidson, CEO, Newsvine, Inc. I love Head First HTML with CSS & XHTML --it teaches you everything you need to learn in a 'fun coated' format! --Sally Applin, UI Designer and Artist I haven't had as much fun reading a book (other than Harry Potter) in years. And your book finally helped me break out of my hapless so-last-century way of creating web pages. --Professor David M. Arnow, Department of Computer and Information Science, Brooklyn College If you've ever had a family member who wanted you to design a website for them, buy them Head First HTML with CSS and XHTML. you've ever asked a family member to design you a web site, buy this book. you've ever bought an HTML book and ended up using it to level your desk, or for kindling on a cold winter day, buy this book. This is the book you've been waiting This is the learning system you've been waiting for. --Warren Kelly, Blogcritics.org
Doping-dependent thermopower of PbTe from Boltzmann transport calculations (2010)

The thermopower of PbTe as a function of temperature and doping level is reported based on Boltzmann transport calculations using the first principles relativistic electronic structure as obtained with the Engel-Vosko generalized gradient approximation. The results are discussed in relation to experimental data. For $p$-type material there is an enhancement at high-doping levels due to the onset of an increased density of states starting $\ensuremath{\sim}0.2\text{ }\text{eV}$ below the valence band edge. This leads to agreement between the calculated thermopower and recent results on PbTe with heavy Tl doping.
Arrhythmia ECG Noise Reduction by Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (2010)

A novel noise filtering algorithm based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is proposed to remove artifacts in electrocardiogram (ECG) traces. Three noise patterns with different power--50 Hz, EMG, and base line wander--were embedded into simulated and real ECG signals. Traditional IIR filter, Wiener filter, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and EEMD were used to compare filtering performance. Mean square error between clean and filtered ECGs was used as filtering performance indexes. Results showed that high noise reduction is the major advantage of the EEMD based filter, especially on arrhythmia ECGs.
Biological Control of<i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>on Tall Fescue Using Fungal Antagonists (1994)

A binucleate Rhizoctonia sp. (isolate GM 460) from soil and Gliocladium virens (isolate TRBG) from creeping bentgrass consistently inhibited Rhizoctonia blight on tall fescue in laboratory bioassays. When R. solani was inoculated onto tall fescue seedlings treated with either antagonist, 20-60% of the foliage was blighted after 10 days, whereas 80-100% of the foliage was affected in the controls. Suppression of blight was associated with reduced growth of R. solani on grass blades. GM 460 and TRBG differed in their tolerance of decreasing relative humidity. At 100% relative humidity, TRBG grew on grass blades to a greater extent than GM 460; at 95% relative humidity, GM 460 grew on grass blades but TRBG did not
Recent Advances of Individual BODIPY and BODIPY-Based Functional Materials in Medical Diagnostics and Treatment (2017)

Our objective was to show that BODIPY are powerful tools for bioimaging, labeling of biomolecules and construction of new multifunctional drug carriers.
THE CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN A BROMINE-BROMIDE SOLUTION, AND A STUDY OF THE STEADY STATE (1923)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN A BROMINE-BROMIDE SOLUTION, AND A STUDY OF THE STEADY STATEWilliam C. Bray and Robert S. LivingstonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1923, 45, 5, 1251–1271Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1923Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1923https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01658a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01658a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views989Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions Studied Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2013)

This thesis describes the studying of electrospray ionization (ESI) process and the application of the direct ESI-MS assay to study noncovalent carbohydrate-protein interactions in vitro. Protein unfolding induced by ESI process was first investigated. It is proposed that the Coulombic repulsion between the negatively charged residues and liquid/droplet surface charge under certain ESI conditions can induce unfolding of acidic proteins. A deleterious non-uniform response factors phenomenon induced by high molecular weight molecules and complexes in the application of direct ESI-MS assay was also investigated. It is possibly due to the reduction in the number of available surface sites in the ESI droplets upon introduction of large solute and increased competition between protein and the more hydrophilic carbohydrate-protein complex for these sites. Direct ESI-MS assay was also utilized to investigate the stepwise binding of the GM1 pentasaccharide (GM1os) to the cholera toxin B subunit homopentamer and to elucidate positive binding cooperativity.
A mode-switching path planner for UAV-assisted search and rescue (2006)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can assist in U.S. Coast Guard maritime search and rescue missions by flying in formation with a manned helicopter while using infrared cameras to search the water for targets. Current search and rescue flight patterns contain abrupt turns that can be achieved by a helicopter but not by a fixed-wing UAV. Therefore, a necessity for UAV-assisted search and rescue is path planning and control that allows a UAV to track a helicopter performing such maneuvers while maintaining the desired sensor coverage and the safety of all aircraft. A feasible path planning algorithm combined with an off the shelf autopilot system is proposed. The path planning algorithm consists of four modes, each with an associated domain of application. Each mode is formulated to provide safety and contiguous sensor coverage between the UAV and the helicopter. For each of a series of k corners, the along-track distance between the vehicles is defined as L(k). By representing the path planner as a finite automaton, it is shown that any execution of the system causes the series {L(k)} to converge to zero, thereby resulting in satisfactory tracking. Simulations were performed with a non-linear UAV model and a commercial autopilot system in the control loop. In these simulations, the desired trajectories were commanded to the autopilot as a series of waypoints. However, the UAV was unable to accurately track the desired trajectories, resulting in oscillatory paths with unpredictable lengths.
Non-Adversarial Unsupervised Word Translation (2018)

Unsupervised word translation from nonparallel inter-lingual corpora has attracted much research interest. Very recently, neural network methods trained with adversarial loss functions achieved high accuracy on this task. Despite the impressive success of the recent techniques, they suffer from the typical drawbacks of generative adversarial models: sensitivity to hyper-parameters, long training time and lack of interpretability. In this paper, we make the observation that two sufficiently similar distributions can be aligned correctly with iterative matching methods. We present a novel method that first aligns the second moment of the word distributions of the two languages and then iteratively refines the alignment. Extensive experiments on word translation of European and Non-European languages show that our method achieves better performance than recent state-of-the-art deep adversarial approaches and is competitive with the supervised baseline. It is also efficient, easy to parallelize on CPU and interpretable.
Significantly enhanced critical current density in Bi-2223/Ag multifilamentary tapes by hot pressing (1999)

Bi-2223/Ag multifilamentary tapes were fabricated using a hot-pressing technique to investigate its effect on grain connectivity and flux pinning. The critical current density in tapes after hot-pressing was doubled. J/sub c/ increased from 26000A/cm/sup 2/ to 56100A/cm/sup 2/ in a 19-filament tape. However, the critical current density in an applied magnetic field was not improved by hot-pressing. The fraction of strong links (I/sub C0//sup s//I/sub C0/) was improved from 47% to 68% in a 19-filament tape due to hot pressing. Microstructural analysis showed that hot-pressing improved grain connectivity, increased core density and reduced secondary phases.
Development of an optical arterial hematocrit measurement method: pulse hematometry (2005)

The blood hematocrit is well recognized as the versatile index of various physiological conditions especially for anemia, polycythemia and dehydration. However, the conventional method of the hematocrit measurement was conducted with the direct blood sampling. In this study, based on the similar principle of the pulse oximetry, a simple principle of optical noninvasive hematocrit measurement method, pulse hematometry, was introduced. And the performance of the optical sensor evaluated with healthy subjects was also reported. Because of its simplicity, the pulse hematometry would be promising technique as patients monitoring and daily healthcare
Effect of Subcutaneous and Intranasal Administration of Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Man: Comparison with Intravenous Administration* (1985)

Long term use of ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone (oCRH) requires a convenient route of administration. The effects of 0.3, 3, and 30 micrograms/kg BW synthetic oCRH given as a sc injection and of 10 and 30 micrograms/kg given as an intranasal spray were studied in 10 normal men in the late afternoon. Basal plasma immunoreactive ACTH (IR-ACTH) and IR-cortisol levels were 14 +/- 1.9 pg/ml and 4.3 +/- 0.4 microgram/dl (mean +/- SEM). Peak IR-ACTH levels (mean +/- SEM) were 43 +/- 5.5, 53 +/- 8.1, and 64 +/- 8.9 pg/ml after the 0.3, 3, and 30 micrograms/kg doses of oCRH given sc, respectively, and 23 +/- 4.3 and 36 +/- 4.8 pg/ml after the 10 and 30 micrograms/kg doses of oCRH given intranasally, respectively. The lowest sc dose and both intranasal doses caused only single IR-ACTH peaks. After 3 and 30 micrograms/kg sc oCRH, IR-ACTH rose by 15 min, reached an initial peak at 45-60 min, fell rapidly until 90-120 min, and rose to a second peak at 3-5 h. This biphasic response is similar to that previously found after iv administration. IR-ACTH levels remained elevated for 4, 10, and at least 16 h after 0.3, 3, and 30 micrograms/kg sc oCRH, respectively, and for 1.5 and 3 h after 10 and 30 micrograms/kg intranasal oCRH respectively. The effect on IR-cortisol was similar, but more prolonged. Compared to the iv route, sc oCRH produced similar mean peak IR-ACTH and IR-cortisol levels and had a slightly longer duration of action. Intranasal oCRH was only about 1% as effective. Peak plasma IR-oCRH levels in 2 subjects receiving 3 micrograms/kg sc oCRH were 13 and 17 ng/ml at 90 min. These peaks were lower than those after iv administration of the same dose, but the levels remained elevated longer, probably accounting for the longer duration of action of sc oCRH. Peak plasma IR-oCRH levels in 4 subjects given 10 microgram/kg intranasal oCRH were only 64-122 pg/ml, presumably reflecting poor absorption through the nasal mucosa. These results demonstrate that sc injection of oCRH is at least as effective as the iv route with respect to plasma IR-ACTH and IR-cortisol responses. The convenience of this route of administration and the prolonged duration of action of oCRH suggest the feasibility of long term oCRH use.
Template-Free Electrochemical Deposition of Interconnected ZnSb Nanoflakes for Li-Ion Battery Anodes (2011)

A single-step fabrication of ZnSb nanostructures using template-free electrochemical deposition was developed. Results have indicated that ZnSb nanoflakes, nanowires, or nanoparticles with controlled composition could be obtained by adjusting the precursor concentration, applied voltage, and substrate type. The ZnSb nanostructures deposited on Cu foils were directly used as Li-ion battery anodes without the addition of any binder. Electrochemical analyses revealed that the interconnected ZnSb nanoflakes depicted high discharge capacities and a stable performance, which were better than that of ZnSb nanowires and nanoparticles. With an initial discharge capacity of 735 mA h/g and an initial Columbic efficiency of 85%, the ZnSb nanoflakes maintained a discharge capacity of 500 mA h/g with a Coulombic efficiency of 98% after 70 cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g (0.18 C). The ZnSb nanowires and nanoparticles showed a capacity of 190 and 40 mA h/g, respectively, after 70 cycles at the same current density. The improved performance of the interconnected ZnSb nanoflakes is attributed to their open structure, with a large surface area and small crystal grains, to facilitate the diffusion of Li ions and to buffer the large volume swings during the lithium intercalation process.