gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dormant Seeding Bermudagrass Cultivars in a Transition‐Zone Environment (2006)

Bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is one of the most widely used turfgrasses in the southern region of the USA and is also grown extensively in other tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The development of improved seeded cultivars has stimulated new research into best management practices to produce a high quality bermudagrass stand from seed. Dormant seeding has been used for establishing cool‐season turfgrasses and may be beneficial for the early establishment of seeded bermudagrass cultivars. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of dormant seeding on the establishment of two seeded bermudagrass cultivars, Riviera and Princess 77. Two seeding rates [97.6 and 48.8 kg ha −1 pure live seed (PLS)] of each cultivar were seeded in February, March, April, and May of 2004 and 2005, with February and March considered dormant seeding dates. Date of first germination, seedling density, rate of establishment, and soil temperature data were collected for both years of the study. First germination of dormant‐seeded plots was observed on 22 Apr. 2004 and 11 Apr. 2005 when soil temperatures were 13.6 and 16.2°C, respectively. Princess 77 germinated earlier than Riviera in both years of the study. Seeding date, cultivar, and seeding rate affected seedling density. Dormant‐seeded plots reached full coverage as fast as or faster than traditional seeding dates in both years of the study, demonstrating that dormant seeding can be effectively used to establish bermudagrass from seed.
News from the Field (2008)

ACRL is pleased to announce the debut of a staff-produced Weblog
Ticagrelor: The First Reversibly Binding Oral P2Y<sub>12</sub> Receptor Antagonist (2009)

Ticagrelor (AZD6140) is the first reversibly binding oral P2Y(12) receptor antagonist that blocks ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Unlike thienopyridines, which irreversibly bind to the P2Y(12) receptor for the lifetime of the platelet, ticagrelor binds reversibly to the receptor and exhibits rapid onset and offset of effect, which closely follow drug exposure levels. Animal models indicate greater separation between antithrombotic effects and bleeding effects with ticagrelor than with thienopyridines. Unlike the thienopyridines, ticagrelor does not require metabolic activation. It is quickly absorbed and exhibits a rapid antiplatelet effect, with higher and more consistent levels of inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) being maintained across the dosing interval than with clopidogrel. IPA levels decline with plasma drug levels after discontinuation of dosing. In the phase II DISPERSE-2 trial of 990 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS), ticagrelor treatment with 90 mg and 180 mg twice daily showed comparable rates of major and minor bleeding compared with clopidogrel 75 mg while there were numerically fewer myocardial infarctions. Ticagrelor resulted in greater IPA in clopidogrel-naïve patients and produced substantial additional reductions in platelet aggregation activity in patients pretreated with clopidogrel. Ticagrelor treatment was well tolerated in DISPERSE-2, and discontinuation rates were comparable to those observed for clopidogrel. An increased risk of mild to moderate dyspnea and mostly asymptomatic ventricular pauses were observed in phase II studies. The mechanisms for these effects are currently being investigated. The efficacy and safety of ticagrelor are being further evaluated in the phase III PLATO trial, involving approximately 18,000 patients with ACS, including both ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation ACS.
Recovery from malicious transactions (2002)

Preventive measures sometimes fail to deflect malicious attacks. We adopt an information warfare perspective, which assumes success by the attacker in achieving partial, but not complete, damage. In particular, we work in the database context and consider recovery from malicious but committed transactions. Traditional recovery mechanisms do not address this problem, except for complete rollbacks, which undo the work of benign transactions as well as malicious ones, and compensating transactions, whose utility depends on application semantics. Recovery is complicated by the presence of benign transactions that depend, directly or indirectly, on the malicious transactions. We present algorithms to restore only the damaged part of the database. We identify the information that needs to be maintained for such algorithms. The initial algorithms repair damage to quiescent databases; subsequent algorithms increase availability by allowing new transactions to execute concurrently with the repair process. Also, via a study of benchmarks, we show practical examples of how offline analysis can efficiently provide the necessary data to repair the damage of malicious transactions.
Analitical Study of Chirp Pulse Microwave Breast Radar (CP-MBR) (2007)

Feasibility of a new microwave radar imaging system for early stage breast tumor detection using chirp pulse microwaves was investigated numerically. In the FDTD-based simulation, the basic idea of discriminating tumors from surrounding inhomogeneous breast tissues was verified and the effects of the bandwidth of CP-MBR on the resolution were examined by varying the frequency band from 2-3 GHz to 1-4 GHz.
The TNF Family Molecules LIGHT and Lymphotoxin αβ Induce a Distinct Steroid-Resistant Inflammatory Phenotype in Human Lung Epithelial Cells (2015)

Lung epithelial cells are considered important sources of inflammatory molecules and extracellular matrix proteins that contribute to diseases such as asthma. Understanding the factors that stimulate epithelial cells may lead to new insights into controlling lung inflammation. This study sought to investigate the responsiveness of human lung epithelial cells to the TNF family molecules LIGHT and lymphotoxin αβ (LTαβ). Bronchial and alveolar epithelial cell lines, and primary human bronchial epithelial cells, were stimulated with LIGHT and LTαβ, and expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis/remodeling was measured. LTβ receptor, the receptor shared by LIGHT and LTαβ, was constitutively expressed on all epithelial cells. Correspondingly, LIGHT and LTαβ strongly induced a limited but highly distinct set of inflammatory genes in all epithelial cells tested, namely the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1; the chemokines CCL5, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, and CXCL11; the cytokines IL-6, activin A and GM-CSF; and metalloproteinases matrix metalloproteinase-9 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-8. Importantly, induction of the majority of these inflammatory molecules was insensitive to the suppressive effects of the corticosteroid budesonide. LIGHT and LTαβ also moderately downregulated E-cadherin, a protein associated with maintaining epithelial integrity, but did not significantly drive production of extracellular matrix proteins or α-smooth muscle actin. Thus, LIGHT and LTαβ induce a distinct steroid-resistant inflammatory signature in airway epithelial cells via constitutively expressed LTβ receptor. These findings support our prior murine studies that suggested the receptors for LIGHT and LTαβ contribute to development of lung inflammation characteristic of asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Old Man (1969)

Old Man Get access R. S. Thomas R. S. Thomas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 18, Issue 100, Spring 1969, Page 18, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/18.100.18 Published: 01 March 1969
The influence of oxygen tension and pH on the expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase in human breast tumor cells grown in vitro and in vivo. (1997)

We report that hypoxia regulates and influences the level of the angiogenic enzyme platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), also called thymidine phosphorylase, in vitro and in vivo. Levels of PD-ECGF protein increased 6-fold in the breast cancer cell line MDA 231 after 16 h of growth in 0.3% oxygen. A simultaneous increase in enzyme activity was observed. Immunohistochemical staining of MDA 231 tumors grown in nu/nu mice showed increased expression of PD-ECGF in those parts of the tumor that are proximal to the areas of necrosis. In addition, increased and widespread staining for PD-ECGF protein was obtained when the tumor vascular supply was occluded for 2 h by clamping. Lowering the media pH to 6.3-6.7 in vitro also resulted in an increase in PD-ECGF protein levels. This study demonstrates that tumor microenvironmental factors can result in the specific up-regulation of an angiogenic enzyme that can also activate 5-fluorouracil prodrugs and hence is exploitable therapeutically.
Luxuskonsumption, Diet-Induced Thermogenesis and Brown Fat: The Case in Favour (1983)

Other| January 01 1983 Luxuskonsumption, Diet-Induced Thermogenesis and Brown Fat: The Case in Favour N. J. Rothwell; N. J. Rothwell 1Department of Physiology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. J. Stock M. J. Stock 1Department of Physiology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1983) 64 (1): 19–23. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0640019 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation N. J. Rothwell, M. J. Stock; Luxuskonsumption, Diet-Induced Thermogenesis and Brown Fat: The Case in Favour. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1983; 64 (1): 19–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0640019 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search Keywords: brown adipose tissue, diet, energy balance, sympathetic activity, thermogenesis This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Reviews of books (1994)

PLACING GEOGRAPHY: A Book Review Essay of: The Changing Worlds of Geography. By James Bird, 307pp, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2nd edition, 1993, pbk, ISBN 0–19–874182–0, £12.95 A Question of Place: Exploring the Practice of Human Geography. By R.J. Johnston, 280pp, Blackwell, Oxford, 1991, pbk, ISBN 0–631–15603–8, £12.99 The Place of Geography. By Tim Unwin, 273pp, Longman, Harlow, 1992, pbk, ISBN 0–582–05107‐X, £12.99 Polar Portraits — Collected Papers. By A. G. E. Jones, 428pp, Caedmon of Whitby, Whitby, 1992, hbk, pbk, ISBN 0–0905355–377–7, £15.50, £14.50. Les Alpes Australiennes/The Australian Alps. By Philippe Grenier and Roger B, Good(editors), 553pp, Revue de Géographie Alpine Tome LXXX, No. 2–3, 1992, pbk, ISBN 0035–1121. Justice outside the city: access to legal services in rural Britain. By Mark Blacksell, Kim Ecenomides and Charles Watkins, 250pp, Longman, Harlow, 1991, pbk, ISBN 0–582–04296–8, £11.99. The Challenge for Geography — A Changing World A Changing Discipline. Edited by R. J Johnston, 248pp, Blackwell, Oxford, 1993, pbk, ISBN 0–631–18714–6, £14.99.
Multi-purpose natural language understanding linked to sensorimotor experience in humanoid robots (2015)

Humans have an amazing ability to bootstrap new knowledge. The concept of structural bootstrapping refers to mechanisms relying on prior knowledge, sensorimotor experience, and inference that can be implemented in robotic systems and employed to speed up learning and problem solving in new environments. In this context, the interplay between the symbolic encoding of the sensorimotor information, prior knowledge, planning, and natural language understanding plays a significant role. In this paper, we show how the symbolic descriptions of the world can be generated on the fly from the continuous robot's memory. We also introduce a multi-purpose natural language understanding framework that processes human spoken utterances and generates planner goals as well as symbolic descriptions of the world and human actions. Both components were tested on the humanoid robot ARMAR-III in a scenario requiring planning and plan recognition based on human-robot communication.
Supporting the design of multimodal interactions: a case study in a 3D sculpture application (2010)

This paper explores the idea of developing a hybrid user interface that was conceived from splitting a previous single desktop application for 3D volume sculpture into three different interactive environments (Wimp, Augmented Reality and Head-Mounted Immersive Virtual Reality). To achieve such goal we illustrated how the OpenInterface platform can facilitate the development process in order to allow several modalities for user interaction within and along the environments. Components for user interaction such as speech recognition and 3D commands were inserted into the multimodal platform as well as components for handle fusion of modalities.
Flexural Strength, Fracture Toughness, and Hardness of Silicon Carbide and Boron Carbide Armor Ceramics (2010)

Armor‐grade B 4 C and SiC specimens were analyzed for phase assemblage, microstructure, and mechanical properties. SiC–N showed the highest four‐point fracture strength, and an ∼50% higher notched beam fracture toughness than solid‐state sintered B 4 C and SiC. This was attributed to preferential crack propagation along a weaker amorphous aluminosilicate grain‐boundary interphase, which also attenuated the effect of surface flaws on bending strength. Verco B 4 C showed the highest hardness. That material was phase pure, fully dense, and of finer grain size as compared with pressure‐assisted densification (PAD)‐B 4 C (hot pressed). Verco SiC showed a hardness equal to (Vickers) or higher than (Knoop) PAD‐B 4 C, and a comparatively narrow distribution in measured hardnesses. This was attributed to a fine‐grained, fully dense, solid‐state sintered microstructure with a fine and well‐distributed graphite second phase. Hardness of all specimens decreased with increasing applied load.
Production Processes of Licensed Recombinant Factor VIII Preparations (2001)

The state-of-the-art treatment for hemophilia A is replacement therapy with recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) made possible by genetic engineering advances. Currently, there are four different products licensed and available for hemophilia A patients. All are produced by recombinant mammalian cells in large-scale fermenter cultures, purified to high purity, formulated in stable formulations and freeze dried. The first-generation products Recombinate and Kogenate (also sold as Helixate by Aventis) are characterized as full-length human factor VIII molecules and formulated using human serum albumin as a stabilizer. The second-generation product ReFacto contains an improved albumin-free sucrose formulation and incorporates advanced antiviral safety procedures in the manufacturing process. It is a truncated B region-deleted form of factor VIII (FVIII) that makes use of a nonhuman peptide linker 14 amino acids in length to connect the 80 and 90 kD subunits. The most recently licensed rFVIII product is the second-generation Kogenate product called KOGENATE Bayer/Kogenate FS, which combines the advantages of the human full-length FVIII molecule with an albumin-free, sucrose-based synthetic formulation as well as an improved viral safety profile. In this article, the manufacturing processes for each of the four different products are discussed in detail, focusing on expression systems and cell lines, culture medium, technical culture systems, purification process (including viral removal potential), and final formulation.
Impact of Anions on Electrocatalytic Activity in Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Ionic Liquid–Carbon Nanotube Hybrids for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2011)

A series of palladium nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which were functionalized covalently with imidazolium polymer salts with different anions, Pd/polyIL(X)-CNTs (IL=ionic liquid; X=Cl, Br, I, ClO(4), BF(4), PF(6)), were prepared to investigate the influence of imidazolim salt anions on electrocatalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The anions of the imidazolium moiety significantly impacted on the ORR kinetics in a 0.1 M solution of HClO(4). The electronically active surface area results are in good agreement with the order of the ORR kinetic activity of the supported Pd/polyIL(X)-CNTs (X: Cl>ClO(4)>BF(4)>Br≈PF(6)≫I). In contrast, owing to the facile anion exchange of halide anions with hydroxide anions, anion-dependent catalytic activity has not been observed in 0.1 M NaOH. Iterative ORR experiments in acid-base solutions demonstrated anion exchange on the electrode. These results indicate that subtly varied structures of the IL moiety profoundly influence the performance of IL-CNT hybrid materials and molecular-level control of interfacial interactions between the support material, catalysts, and electrolytes is important in the design of supported metal nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cells.
Soft flexion sensors integrating strechable metal conductors on a silicone substrate for smart glove applications (2015)

We design and implement a sensory skin that monitors in real time finger flexure (three sensors per finger) of a user's hand. Compared to current technologies, the electronic skin is made entirely of stretchable materials integrating silicone rubber, low resistivity liquid metal interconnects and high strain sensitivity, microstructured thin metal films. Microfabrication of the sensors combines traditional thin film process and additive manufacturing techniques. We incorporate the skin on a textile glove and demonstrate its function as an interface for finger motion and posture detection using a robotic test platform.
On-site measurement of load and no-load losses of GSU transformer (2011)

Present development and production of power transformers with lower losses in addition to replacement of outdated transformers assume regular measurement of losses in both load and no-load regime. These measurements are very demanding especially in the case of on-situ measurements. The complexity of the measurements grows with the size of transformer. This paper presents one typical test of losses measuring in load and no-load regime of power transformer with nominal power of 40 MVA in HPP Perucica.
Epidemiology and causation of coronary heart disease and stroke in India (2007)

Cardiovascular diseases are major causes of mortality and disease in the Indian subcontinent, causing more than 25% of deaths. It has been predicted that these diseases will increase rapidly in India and this country will be host to more than half the cases of heart disease in the world within the next 15 years. Coronary heart disease and stroke have increased in both urban and rural areas. Case-control studies indicate that tobacco use, obesity with high waist:hip ratio, high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, abnormal apolipoprotein A-1:B ratio, diabetes, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, sedentary lifestyles and psychosocial stress are important determinants of cardiovascular diseases in India. These risk factors have increased substantially over the past 50 years and to control further escalation it is important to prevent them. National interventions such as increasing tobacco taxes, labelling unhealthy foods and trans fats, reduction of salt in processed foods and better urban design to promote physical activity may have a wide short-term impact.
Cloning of novel enterotoxin genes from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis (1997)

A novel enterotoxin gene was cloned from Bacillus cereus FM1, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Previously, a 45-kDa protein causing characteristic enterotoxin symptoms in higher animals had been isolated (K. Shinagawa, p. 181-193, in A. E. Pohland et al., ed., Microbial Toxins in Foods and Feeds, 1990) from the same B. cereus strain, but no report of cloning of the enterotoxin gene has been published. In the present study, a specific antibody to the purified enterotoxin was produced and used to screen the genomic library of B. cereus FM1 made with the lambda gt11 vector. An immunologically positive clone was found to contain the full protein-coding region and some 5' and 3' flanking regions. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cloned gene indicated that the protein is rich in beta structures and contains some unusual sequences, such as consecutive Asn residues. In order to clone enterotoxin genes from Bacillus thuringiensis, two PCR primers were synthesized based on the nucleotide sequence of the B. cereus gene. These primers were designed to amplify the full protein-coding region. PCR conducted with DNA preparations from the B. thuringiensis subsp. sotto and B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strains successfully amplified a segment of DNA with a size almost identical to that of the protein-coding region of the B. cereus enterotoxin. Nucleotide sequences of the amplified DNA segments showed that these B. thuringiensis strains contain an enterotoxin gene very similar to that of B. cereus. Further PCR screening of additional B. thuringiensis strains with four primer pairs in one reaction revealed that some additional B. thuringiensis strains contain enterotoxin-like genes.
Formation Mechanism of FePt Nanoparticles Synthesized via Pyrolysis of Iron(III) Ethoxide and Platinum(II) Acetylacetonate (2005)

In this study the mechanism for the formation of FePt nanoparticles (NPs) via the pyrolysis of iron(III) ethoxide [Fe(OEt)3] and platinum(II) acetylacetonate [Pt(acac)2] is investigated. We have recently reported that monodispersed equiatomic FePt NPs with a mean diameter of 4.5 nm and a narrow composition distribution were successfully synthesized by this route. However, control of the mean size and further narrowing of the size distribution have not yet been achieved. In the present study, we systematically examined variability in the particle size Dp, size distribution σ, and atomic composition of the NPs with changing synthetic conditions such as reaction temperature, rate of temperature increase, and total amounts and input molar ratios of precursors and capping agents. As a result, Dp was varied from 1.8 to 6.8 nm, the best size distribution σ achieved was 16%, and the Fe content of the NPs varied from 29 to 51 atomic %. On the basis of the experimental results, we determined the following important aspects of the reaction mechanism: (i) The FePt NPs are rapidly formed at 250−297 °C by the allelocatalytic decomposition of precursors. (ii) The formation of FePt NPs is dominated by nucleation of Pt followed by a slow growth process of Fe (and Pt) atoms. (iii) Fe and Pt atoms are stabilized by oleic acid and oleylamine, respectively.
High Prevalence of Antibodies to Human Herpesvirus 8 in Relatives of Patients with Classic Kaposi's Sarcoma from Sardinia (1998)

A survey for antibodies to a recombinant small viral capsid antigen (sVCA) of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) was conducted in Sardinia, one of the world's highest incidence areas for classic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Prevalence of antibodies to HHV-8 sVCA was greatest in patients with KS (95%), followed by family members (39%) and a Sardinian control population age- and sex-matched to the relatives (11%). Within families, prevalence of antibodies was about equal among spouses, children, and siblings of KS patients, a finding that raises the possibilities of intrafamilial person-to-person or vertical transmission. Antibodies were detected 2-3 times more frequently in males than in females. The data show that prevalence of antibodies to HHV-8 sVCA correlates with the distribution of classic KS in a high- incidence area. Clustering of seroprevalence within some families suggests the presence of familial risk factors for active HHV-8 infection.