gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling of pulsatile blood flow in arterial trees of retinal vasculature (2010)

The paper presents a numerical investigation of the pulsatile blood flow in the detailed arterial vasculatures of a mouse retina using the mathematical model based on frequency domain incorporating an appropriate outlet boundary impedance at the end of the terminal vessels of the arterial trees. The viscosity in the vessels was evaluated considering the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect, the plasma skimming effect and in vivo viscosity effect in the microcirculation. Comparative studies of the pulsatile circulation were carried out for cases of rigid vessels, constant viscosity, zero and non-zero outlet boundary impedances. In addition, the dependence of the oscillating input impedance at the inlet of the arterial trees on angular frequencies of the oscillation and vessel elasticises was also studied. The study shows that the pressure wave continues in the pre-capillary vessels throughout the retina. In elastic vessels, the amplitude of oscillatory velocity and wall shear stress in larger vessels and in vessels at the periphery region of the retina is amplified. The pulsatile blood flow is significantly influenced by the outlet boundary (or load) impedance which simulates the effect of the capillary and venous vasculatures. The oscillating input impedance at the inlet of the arterial trees is also found to be dependent on the angular frequency and the Young modulus of the vessel segment. Insights into the potential variations of the dynamic responses of the system under retinal pathological condition of arteriosclerosis may be inferred from the findings of the present study.
Role of HrpA in Biofilm Formation of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> and Regulation of the <i>hrpBAS</i> Transcripts (2009)

Two-partner secretion systems of gram-negative organisms are utilized in adherence, invasion, and biofilm formation. The HrpAB proteins of Neisseria meningitidis are members of a two-partner secretion system, and HrpA is established as being important to adherence and intracellular escape. This study set out to determine the expression pattern of members of the hrpBAS putative operon and to find a functional role for the HrpA protein. The upregulation of these genes was found in situations of anaerobiosis and cell contact. These observations prompted the study of the function of HrpA in biofilms on human bronchial epithelial cells. HrpA mutants in encapsulated and unencapsulated NMB strains demonstrated biofilm growth equivalent to that of the wild-type strain at 6 h but a decreased ability to form biofilms at 48 h. Biofilms formed by hrpA mutants for 48 h on collagen-coated coverslips demonstrated significant reductions compared to those of wild-type strains. Taken together, these observations imply a role for HrpA in the biofilm structure. Further analysis demonstrated the presence of HrpA on the surface of the bacterium.
<title>Image indexing using a texture dictionary</title> (1995)

We propose a new method for indexing large image databases. The method incorporates neural network learning algorithms and pattern recognition techniques to construct an image pattern dictionary. Image retrieval is then formulated as a process of dictionary search to compute the best matching codeword, which in turn indexes into the database items. Experimental results are presented.
Dendronized core-multishell nanocarriers for solubilization of guest molecules (2013)

Abstract We have synthesized core-multishell (CMS) nanocarriers with different outer shells and the self-aggregation behavior and the transport capacity of these nanocarriers were studied with the hydrophobic guest molecules Nile red (NR) and methotrexate (MTX). The outer shell either consisted of methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) or polyglycerol (PG) dendrons of generation one or two. NR was solubilized by all CMS nanocarriers. The solubilization of MTX could only be achieved with mPEG-terminated CMS nanocarriers. Depending on the encapsulated guest, the CMS nanocarriers showed self-aggregation. The NR loaded CMS nanocarriers all formed bigger aggregates with a radius between 110 and 170 nm. In the case of the MTX loaded CMS nanocarriers, the MTX prevented the formation of CMS aggregates and therefore its efficient transport
Direct detection transmission experiments at 565 Mbit/s using cascaded inline optical amplifiers (1989)

We report experimental investigations, at 565 Mbit/s, of an inline cascade of five semiconductor laser amplifiers with a total fibre to fibre gain of ~52 dB. Stable operation is achieved even in the absence of intra-amplifier optical filters and isolators, thus ensuring maximum optical system bandwidth and transparency.
Integrated pest management concepts for red imported fire ants <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (2012)

Management of imported fire ant species has evolved since their accidental introduction into the United States and currently uses integrated pest management concepts to design, implement, and evaluate suppression programs. Although eradication is the management goal in certain isolated infestation sites, localized goals vary dramatically in larger infestations where reinvasion of treated areas is likely. These goals are influenced by regulatory policies, medical liabilities, ecological impact, and/or economic considerations. Tactics employed in fire ant management programs presented here include cultural and biological control options along with judicious use of site-specific insecticide products. In addition, program design considerations that include management goal(s), action level(s), ant form (monogyne or polygyne), presence of nontarget ant species, size of treatment area, seasonality, implementation cost, and environmental impact are also presented. Optimally, elegant IPM programs are target specific, threshold driven, environmentally friendly and cost-effective.
Reverse Osmosis Separation of Sulfate, Nitrate, and Ammonia from Mining Effluents (1981)

Abstract Cellulose acetate membranes (osmonics) were characterized in terms of pure water permeability constant (A), solute transport parameter (DAM/K[sgrave] ), and mass transfer coefficient (k) with sodium chloride solution as the reference system. Reverse osmosis behavior of sulfate, nitrate, ammonia, and some metal ions was studied as a function of pressure in the range of 100 to 300 psig. Quirke tailings containing nitrate, sulfate, ammonia, and metal ions such as Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn were subjected to reverse osmosis at 300 psig, and product water of suitable quality for use in recycle operations was obtained.
Adaptive real-time anomaly detection for multi-dimensional streaming data (2017)

Data volumes are growing at a high speed as data emerges from millions of devices. This brings an increasing need for streaming analytics, processing and analysing the data in a record-by-record manner. \n\n\nIn this work a comprehensive literature review on streaming analytics is presented, focusing on detecting anomalous behaviour. Challenges and approaches for streaming analytics are discussed. Different ways of determining and identifying anomalies are shown and a large number of anomaly detection methods for streaming data are presented. Also, existing software platforms and solutions for streaming analytics are presented.\n\n\nBased on the literature survey I chose one method for further investigation, namely Lightweight on-line detector of anomalies (LODA). LODA is designed to detect anomalies in real time from even high-dimensional data. In addition, it is an adaptive method and updates the model on-line.\n\n\nLODA was tested both on synthetic and real data sets. This work shows how to define the parameters used with LODA. I present a couple of improvement ideas to LODA and show that three of them bring important benefits. First, I show a simple addition to handle special cases such that it allows computing an anomaly score for all data points. Second, I show cases where LODA fails due to lack of data preprocessing. I suggest preprocessing schemes for streaming data and show that using them improves the results significantly, and they require only a small subset of the data for determining preprocessing parameters. Third, since LODA only gives anomaly scores, I suggest thresholding techniques to define anomalies. This work shows that the suggested techniques work fairly well compared to theoretical best performance. This makes it possible to use LODA in real streaming analytics situations.
SUPPRESSION OF PHOSPHOLIPASE Dα IN SOYBEAN by (2016)

Demands on value-added crops have been raised to improve agricultural, industrial, and economical value. Currently, transgene application is one of most effective methods to satisfy these demands. Success in herbicide-resistant soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) has boosted genetic engineering to be used for biochemical, nutritional, cultural, and physiological improvements. The objectives of this study were to establish transgenic soybean lines with attenuated phospholipase Dα (PLDα) activity in the seed, test the alteration of fatty acid profiles affected by transgene and somaclonal variation, and evaluate the physiological alteration of transgenic lines by both transgene and somaclonal variation. To change fatty acid profile in soybean seed, we attenuated PLDα enzyme activity by an RNA interference construct using the PLDα gene sequence. Two transgenic soybean lines were established by particle inflow gun bombardment of co-bombarding pSPLDi and pHG1 transgenes, and evaluated for the presence and expression of transgenes thoroughly through the T5 generation. PLDα-suppressed soybean lines were characterized by decreased PLDα enzyme activity and PLDα protein both during seed development and in mature seeds. The PLDα-attenuated transgenic lines, SW1-7-1-1 and SW1-
Sr2LiSiO4F: Synthesis, Structure, and Eu2+ Luminescence (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSr2LiSiO4F: Synthesis, Structure, and Eu2+ LuminescenceAnnapoorna Akella and Douglas A. KeszlerCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 7, 1299–1302Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00055a005https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00055a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Segmental rotor switched reluctance motors with single-tooth windings (2003)

Switched reluctance machines with segmental rotors are investigated, building on previous work which has produced high torque prototypes. The paper presents a machine topology, which permits the use of short pitched windings placed around a single-tooth. This concept maintains the torque capability of a previous design, but uses much less copper volume. The theoretical basis for the machine configuration is developed and then the results for a working prototype machine are shown, illustrating static torque and flux linkage profiles. Results are presented for the machine operating as a drive, indicating the viability of the concept.
Mechanism of Polyacrylamide Gel Syneresis Determined by C-13 NMR (1983)

Abstract Polyacrylamide gels have been used for some time to reduce water cut in production wells and control profiles in injectors. Formations up to 150°F have been treated rather routinely. Recently, interest has developed in using these gels at higher temperatures in formations containing relatively hard brines. We have investigated the changes in hydrolysis of polyacrylamide polymers and gels crosslinked with trivalent chromium with C-13 NMR. This method is a direct way to correlate changes in the gel composition with effectiveness under severe conditions. The carbonyl carbon of the amide group has a sharp resonance at 181 ppm. As the amide groups hydrolyze, the 181 ppm resonance decreases in intensity and a second resonance appears at 184 ppm. This resonance is due to the carbon in the carboxyl ate formed by hydrolysis of the amides. Of course, the resonance is already present in partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, but increases in intensity as hydrolysis progresses. In gels, crosslinked with paramagnetic ions such as chromium III, these resonance lines are broadened, but resolvable. Line shape analysis fits the spectra closely and allows integration of the intensity of each resonance. The degree of hydrolysis and changes in the degree of hydrolysis can be determined for the polyacrylamide chains comprising the gel. The increase in the degree of hydrolysis parallels the syneresis of the gels and their concommitant loss of effectiveness. The syneresis is caused by reaction of the newly created carboxylate groups with hardness ions in the brine leading to extensive over-crosslinking. This is a fundamental characteristic of polyacrylamide gels and will take place regardless of polymer source.
Assessing the accuracy of Orbscan II post‐LASIK: apparent keratectasia is paradoxically associated with anterior chamber depth reduction in successful procedures (2005)

Using the Orbscan II device, the forward protrusion of the posterior corneal surface appears to coincide with a paradoxical reduction in depth of the anterior chamber. Although the keratectasia found in this study is accompanied by thin postoperative corneas and larger central pachymetry change, the contradictory decrease in anterior chamber depth creates uncertainty of measurement, and of ectasia as a mechanism of regression.
Protection of mouse chromosomes against whole-body gamma irradiation by SH-compounds (1986)

Of the several chemicals considered for radioprotection, WR-2721 (S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)phosphorothioic acid), a derivative of cysteamine, has been found to be the most effective in protecting mammals (Yuhas et al, 1980). Another synthetic compound, MPG (2-mercaptopropionylglycine), has attracted attention since Sugahara et al (1970) discovered that it protects mammals against radiation death at a very low, non-toxic dose of 20 mg/kg body weight, which is optimal for protection. Most of the studies with these compounds have taken lethality and tissue injury as the end-points and very little is known about their effects on the genetic material. Experiments were, therefore, performed to study the protective effect of WR-2721 and MPG individually on the bone-marrow chromosomes of adult mice when administered before acute whole-body exposures.
Melan-A/MART-1-Specific CD4 T Cells in Melanoma Patients: Identification of New Epitopes and Ex Vivo Visualization of Specific T Cells by MHC Class II Tetramers (2006)

Over the past decade, many efforts have been made to identify MHC class II-restricted epitopes from different tumor-associated Ags. Melan-A/MART-1(26-35) parental or Melan-A/MART-1(26-35(A27L)) analog epitopes have been widely used in melanoma immunotherapy to induce and boost CTL responses, but only one Th epitope is currently known (Melan-A51-73, DRB1*0401 restricted). In this study, we describe two novel Melan-A/MART-1-derived sequences recognized by CD4 T cells from melanoma patients. These epitopes can be mimicked by peptides Melan-A27-40 presented by HLA-DRB1*0101 and HLA-DRB1*0102 and Melan-A25-36 presented by HLA-DQB1*0602 and HLA-DRB1*0301. CD4 T cell clones specific for these epitopes recognize Melan-A/MART-1+ tumor cells and Melan-A/MART-1-transduced EBV-B cells and recognition is reduced by inhibitors of the MHC class II presentation pathway. This suggests that the epitopes are naturally processed and presented by EBV-B cells and melanoma cells. Moreover, Melan-A-specific Abs could be detected in the serum of patients with measurable CD4 T cell responses specific for Melan-A/MART-1. Interestingly, even the short Melan-A/MART-1(26-35(A27L)) peptide was recognized by CD4 T cells from HLA-DQ6+ and HLA-DR3+ melanoma patients. Using Melan-A/MART-1(25-36)/DQ6 tetramers, we could detect Ag-specific CD4 T cells directly ex vivo in circulating lymphocytes of a melanoma patient. Together, these results provide the basis for monitoring of naturally occurring and vaccine-induced Melan-A/MART-1-specific CD4 T cell responses, allowing precise and ex vivo characterization of responding T cells.
Two-Step Metric Sorting for Parallel Successive Cancellation List Decoding of Polar Codes (2016)

In terms of overall latency, one of the main bottlenecks of successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding of polar codes is the path pruning unit (PPU), whose goal is to prune 2L paths to L paths. To remedy this shortcoming, we propose a two-step metric sorter adapted to a parallel implementation of SCL decoding. We describe our sorter architecture and we show that our proposed solution outperforms the state-of-the-art PPUs in terms of area and latency reduction.
Development of a GIS-based Traffic Safety Analysis System (2009)

Traffic safety analyses have historically been used by transportation officials as a means to reduce the impact of traffic crashes on roadways. This paper summarizes the methodology to develop a traffic safety analysis system – one that integrates crash data and roadway related information in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The system includes customized user interfaces to support queries and capabilities to export results. These analyses may be performed either area wide or for individual locations such as intersections and roadway segments. The system further offers capabilities to query crash data based on attributes from the database. The system also contains a module to identify high crash locations based on methods identified from the published literature. The methods range from those based on simple crash frequency to more complex methods which incorporate different weights for crashed based on the crash outcomes. The system can be used to identify safety issues in a region, and to plan and deploy appropriate countermeasures to enhance safety. An application of the system is illustrated using data from the Las Vegas metropolitan area in the state of Nevada. ESRI’s ArcGIS (version 9.2) [1] was the software used to develop the system.
On-line cursive Kanji character recognition as stroke correspondence problem (2002)

This paper describes a stroke-number and stroke-order free on-line Kanji character recognition method by a joint use of two complementary algorithms of optimal stroke correspondence determination: one dissolves excessive mapping and the other dissolves deficient mapping. Also, three kinds of inter-stroke distances are devised to deal with stroke concatenation or splitting and heavy shape distortion. Only a single reference pattern for each of 2,980 Kanji character categories is generated by using training data composed of 120 patterns written with the correct stroke-number and stroke-order. Recognition tests are made using the training data and two kinds of resting data in the square style and in the cursive style written by 36 different people; recognition rates of 99.5%, 97.6%, and 94.1% are obtained.
Modifying the Surface Features of Two-Dimensional DNA Crystals (1999)

DNA double-crossover (DX) molecules are rigid DNA motifs that contain two double helices linked at two different points. It is possible to form hydrogen-bonded two-dimensional crystals from DX molecules and to observe those arrays by atomic force microscopy (AFM) [Winfree, E.; Liu, F.; Wenzler, L. A.; Seeman, N. C. Nature 1998, 394, 539−544]. The sticky ends that hold the arrays together can be varied, so as to include diverse periodic arrangements of molecules in the crystal. The inclusion of extra DNA hairpins designed to protrude from the plane of the crystal provides a topographic label that is detected readily in AFM images: By using these labels, it is possible to produce stripes at predicted spacings on the surface of the crystal. The experiments presented here demonstrate that it is possible to modify these patterns, by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic procedures. We show that a hairpin containing a restriction site can be removed quantitatively from the array. We also demonstrate that a sticky end protruding from the array can be ligated to a hairpin containing its complement. In addition, it is possible to anneal a hairpin to the crystalline array by hydrogen bonding, both in solution and after deposition on a mica surface. The ability to modify these arrays increases the diversity of patterns that can be produced from an initial set of DX components. Thus, a single array can be modified in a large number of ways that can alter its physical or chemical features.
PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY OF TOONA CILIATA: A REVIEW (2017)

Toona ciliata is the plant mainly distributed in sub Himalayan tract. Traditionally, it is useful in chronic dysentery, leprosy, cures fever, headache, blood complaints, cardiotonic, aphrodisiac, and ulcer. Toona ciliata is traditionally used in menstrual disorders. The phytoconstituents present in the plants including triterpenoids, cedrelone, polyynes, limonoids, siderin, steroids etc. Pharmacologically the plant Toona ciliata has been investigated for its anti-ulcer activity, analgesic activity, antifungal activity, antimicrobial activity and antitumor activity. The plant also possesses gastroprotective and cytotoxic activity. Steroids can be used medicinally as cardiotonic, growth promoter, anti-tumor, antifungal, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-tussive etc. Terpenoids presents in Toona ciliata were evaluated for the cytotoxic & anti-inflammatory activity in human cancer cell lines. Coumarin containing plants were tested for their antimicrobial and phototoxic activities. Coumarins have a variety of bioactivities including anticoagulant, estrogenic, dermal photosensitizing, anti-microbial, vasodilator, molluscacidal, antihelmintic, sedative and hypnotic, analgesic and hypothermic activity. Polyphenols are most abundant anti-oxidant in human diet. The phenolic compounds are divided into phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans and stilbenes. Tannins may be employed medicinally in antidiarrheal, haemostatic, and antihemorrhoidal compounds. They have been also reported to have anti-viral, antibacterial, and antiparasitic effects. Flavonoids exhibit several biological effects such as anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activity.