gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diethylpyrocarbonate Labeling for the Structural Analysis of Proteins: Label Scrambling in Solution and How to Avoid It (2012)

Covalent labeling along with mass spectrometry is a method that is increasingly used to study protein structure. Recently, it has been shown that diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) is a powerful labeling reagent because it can modify up to 30% of the residues in the average protein, including the N-terminus, His, Lys, Tyr, Ser, Thr, and Cys residues. We recently discovered, however, that Cys residues that form disulfide bonds appear to be modified by DEPC as well. In this work, we demonstrate that disulfide linked Cys residues are not actually reactive with DEPC but, instead, once reduced, free Cys residues can capture a carbethoxy group from other modified amino acids via a solution-phase reaction that can occur during the protein digestion step. This "scrambling" of carbethoxy groups decreases the amount of modification observed at other residues and can potentially provide incorrect protein structural information. Fortunately, label scrambling can be completely avoided by alkylating the free thiols after disulfide reduction.
An Integrated ECG Feature Extraction Scheme Using PCA and Wavelet Transform (2009)

In this paper we propose a novel feature extraction scheme on electrocardiogram (ECG) signal using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) coefficients followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This scheme provides more feature compression and hence less number of features will represent the given data. The conventional scheme is to compress the features in time domain by PCA, where as the proposed scheme outperforms than the conventional scheme. The principal components of the sub bands of discrete wavelet transformed signal in the compact supported basis space represent the data better than in the time domain. This fact is validated by means of statistical test of significance, which shows the wavelet features are more significant than the time domain features towards better discrimination.
Bisphosphonate-modified gold nanoparticles: a useful vehicle to study the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (2010)

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a juvenile form of osteonecrosis of the femoral head that presents in children aged 2-14 years. To date, there is no effective medical therapy for treating LCPD largely due to an inability to modulate the repair process, including the predominance of bone resorption. This investigation aims to evaluate the feasibility of using gold nanoparticles (GNPs) that are surface modified with a bisphosphonate compound for the treatment of osteonecrosis at the cellular level. Studies have found osteoclast-mediated resorption to be a process that contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of femoral head deformities arising from Perthes disease. Our in vitro model was designed to elucidate the effect of alendronate-(a bisphosphonate) modified GNPs, on osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were cultured with recombinant mouse receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which stimulates osteoclastogenesis, and were then treated with alendronate-modified GNPs for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell proliferation, osteoclast function, and osteoclast morphology were evaluated by trypan blue dye exclusion assay, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. Comparative studies were performed with GNPs that were only stabilized with citrate ions and with alendronate alone. Neither osteoclastogenesis nor osteoclast function were adversely affected by the presence of the citrate-GNP. Alendronate-modified GNPs had an enhanced effect on inducing osteoclast apoptosis and impairing osteoclast function when compared to unbound alendronate populations.
Digital Sand Model using Virtual Reality Workbench (2012)

Sand models as used in military are thematic 3D representations of an area of interest which combined the information of maps with a more realistic 3D bird's eye view of the terrain. Sand models have been used for military planning and war gaming for many years as a field expedient, small-scale map, for planning and training of military operations. This, however increasingly fell out of favor with improved maps, aerial and satellite photography, and later, with digital terrain simulations. The proposed system, a Digital Sand Model (DSM) using a Virtual Reality (VR) Workbench, is a digital replica of the same. It involves a leader interacting with the digital environment and other viewers share his view of the digital scene. The system uses a stereoscopic projector, a mirror and Viewing Screen setup to produce a 3D stereoscopic display. This VR system allows performing interactive 3D explorations via stereo camera setup and wearable IR LEDs. A gesture recognition system is also described which allows interaction with the system. The proposed system uses Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture as the software design.
An integrated efficient solution for computing frequent and top- <i>k</i> elements in data streams (2006)

We propose an approximate integrated approach for solving both problems of finding the most popular k elements, and finding frequent elements in a data stream coming from a large domain. Our solution is space efficient and reports both frequent and top- k elements with tight guarantees on errors. For general data distributions, our top- k algorithm returns k elements that have roughly the highest frequencies; and it uses limited space for calculating frequent elements. For realistic Zipfian data, the space requirement of the proposed algorithm for solving the exact frequent elements problem decreases dramatically with the parameter of the distribution; and for top- k queries, the analysis ensures that only the top- k elements, in the correct order, are reported. The experiments, using real and synthetic data sets, show space reductions with hardly any loss in accuracy. Having proved the effectiveness of the proposed approach through both analysis and experiments, we extend it to be able to answer continuous queries about frequent and top- k elements. Although the problems of incremental reporting of frequent and top- k elements are useful in many applications, to the best of our knowledge, no solution has been proposed.
Interactive machine learning (2003)

Perceptual user interfaces (PUIs) are an important part of ubiquitous computing. Creating such interfaces is difficult because of the image and signal processing knowledge required for creating classifiers. We propose an interactive machine-learning (IML) model that allows users to train, classify/view and correct the classifications. The concept and implementation details of IML are discussed and contrasted with classical machine learning models. Evaluations of two algorithms are also presented. We also briefly describe Image Processing with Crayons (Crayons), which is a tool for creating new camera-based interfaces using a simple painting metaphor. The Crayons tool embodies our notions of interactive machine learning
Dietary Lutein and Zeaxanthin: Possible Effects on Visual Function (2005)

Of the many carotenoids circulating in human sera, only lutein and zeaxanthin are accumulated throughout the tissues of the eye. Within the eye, they reach their highest concentration in the central retina, where they are clinically referred to as the macula lutea. Lutein and zeaxanthin, more commonly referred to as macular pigments, may serve a variety of roles in the specialized vision of higher primates. This paper reviews recent studies investigating the influence of macular pigments on human visual performance. Such studies have offered insight into why lutein and zeaxanthin are uniquely concentrated in ocular tissues.
Hypermedia design, analysis, and evaluation issues (1995)

Design-oriented evaluation evolved out of our experience both in developing several hypermedia applications, and systematically inspecting and evaluating many commercial applications and prototypes. We evaluate an application by its very nature, our method addresses neither software design (which can be evaluated with general software evaluation techniques), nor how well the application relates to a domain or to specific user needs (a main concern of other usability evaluation techniques). Our approach complements more general evaluation methods
Helper-cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) determinant linkage required for priming of anti-HIV CD8+ CTL in vivo with peptide vaccine constructs. (1994)

CTL are a critical component of protective immunity against viral infections, but requirements for in vivo priming of CTL are not completely understood. Covalent linkage of a helper determinant to a CTL determinant, analogous to that required for cognate help for antibody production, does not appear to be necessary in vitro, but its necessity has not been extensively explored in vivo, especially at a molecular level. We previously defined peptides encompassing multideterminant regions of HIV-1 gp160 (cluster peptides) recognized by Th from mice and humans of multiple MHC types. To investigate the requirement for Th in the development of CTL in vivo, in the context of developing a synthetic peptide vaccine for HIV active in multiple strains of mice, we immunized with compound peptides representing an immunodominant CTL epitope, P18, of gp160, co-linearly synthesized at the C-terminus of three cluster peptides. Spleen cells from compound-peptide-immunized mice of three MHC haplotypes sharing the Dd class I MHC molecule but with different class II molecules exhibited enhanced gp160-specific CD8+ CTL activity and CD4+ Th. In contrast, immunization with P18 alone or a mixture of cluster peptide and P18 elicited only marginal CTL activity. These results imply a requirement for determinant linkage in CTL induction in vivo similar to that already well recognized for cognate help for antibody induction. The results also define promising peptide HIV vaccine candidates for induction of CTL, as well as neutralizing antibodies, in diverse MHC types.
Mechanisms of tissue protection and repair in inflammatory bowel disease (2001)

Investigators have increasingly appreciated the importance of the breakdown of the epithelial barrier in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Epithelial cells secrete trefoil factors, heat shock proteins, and secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitors that protect the integrity of the epithelial barrier. Other agents, including growth factors, regulate the repair of the epithelium after injury has occurred. Drugs that would either enhance protection of barrier function from injury or accelerate repair after injury would have therapeutic potential in inflammatory bowel disease.
A Condition Monitor For Liquid Lubricated Mechanical Seals (2001)

A recently developed condition monitor for liquid lubricated mechanical seals utilizes actively generated ultrasonic shear waves to determine conditions at the sealing interface. A shear wave transducer is mounted on the backside of the non-rotating seal face, and generates waves that propagate toward the sealing interface. The amplitude of the reflected waves indicates whether or not face contact occurs and, if there is contact, the severity of contact. Thus, this monitor is suitable for use with both non-contacting and partially contacting seals. Laboratory tests on a commercial, unbalanced seal demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Conversion of Coal Sulfur to Volatile Sulfur Compounds during Carbonization in Streams of Gases (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConversion of Coal Sulfur to Volatile Sulfur Compounds during Carbonization in Streams of GasesRobert D. SnowCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1932, 24, 8, 903–909Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50272a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50272a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ASIC implementation of a new and efficient wavelet coding algorithm (2003)

The image compression based on discrete wavelet transform has been widely accepted in industry since it shows no block artifacts and provides a better image quality when compressed to low bits per pixel, compared to JPEG. The coefficients generated by discrete wavelet transform are quantized to reduce the number of code bits to represent them. After quantization, lossless coding processes are usually applied to make further reduction. This paper presents a new and efficient lossless variable-length coding algorithm for quantized wavelet coefficients. Proposed algorithm has been implemented in an image compression chip, using 0.5/spl mu/m standard cells. The experimental results show the efficiency and performance of the resulting chip.
A Momolithic Phase-Lock-Loop Stereo Decoder (1971)

The decoder design is developed in block schematic form and the practical realization of the system is then described. The fundamental performance limitations are discussed and the characteristics obtained with this design summarized.
Determinants of coronary reserve in rats subjected to coronary artery ligation or aortic banding (1996)

Reduced maximal perfusion after aortic banding is determined by both cardiac hypertrophy and vascular remodeling. In contrast, during infarction-induced remodeling, reduction of perfusion is not determined by vascular remodeling, but mainly by disproportional cardiac hypertrophy relative to vascular growth.
Throat stability-by pass systems to increase the stable airflow range of a Mach 2.5 inlet with 60-percent internal contraction (1974)

The results of an experimental investigation to increase the stable airflow range (without unstart) of a supersonic mixed-compression inlet are presented. Various stability bypass entrances were located on the cowl side of the inlet throat. The types of entrance were distributed porous (normal holes), forward-slanted slot, and distributed educated slots. A large stable airflow range was obtained for each entrance type if a constant pressure was maintained in the stability bypass plenum. The distributed porous entrance provided the largest stable airflow range. Inlet unstart angle of attack was unaffected by the entrances.
Cloud Based Collaborative Software Development: A Review, Gap Analysis and Future Directions (2017)

Organizations who have transitioned their development environments to the Cloud have started realizing benefits such as: cost reduction in hardware; relatively accelerated development process via reduction of time and effort to set up development and testing environments; unified management; service and functionality expansion; on-demand provisioning and access to resources and development environments. These benefits represent only a fraction of the full potential that could be achieved via leveraging Cloud Computing for the collaborative software development process. Related efforts in this area have been mainly in the areas of: asynchronous collaboration; collaboration in isolated aspects of the Software Development process, such as coding activities; use of open-source tools for contributing, improving, and managing code, etcetera. Although these efforts represent valid contributions and important enablers, they are still missing important aspects which enable a more holistic process, with solid theoretical foundation. This paper reviews this research area, in order to better assess factors and gaps creating the need to enhance the collaborative software development process in the Cloud, to better meet the pressure to collaboratively create better cloud-agnostic applications.
Development of an Enzyme Immunoassay and Cellular Function Assays to Probe the Function of Teneurin C-terminal Associated Peptide (TCAP) (2010)

The teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP) are a family of four predicted peptides that are expressed in all metazoans where the teneurins have been studied to date. Of the four peptides, TCAP-1 has been studied most extensively. In vitro, TCAP-1 increases neuronal proliferation and neurite outgrowth. In vivo, the peptide reduces CRF-induced behavioural responses in rats. Despite the large body of evidence indicating a strong biological role for TCAP-1, little is known about the chemistry and solubility of the peptide, or the signaling pathway(s) mediating these effects. The aim of this research was to appropriately solubilize the peptide and to develop detection assays for its study in greater detail. I have now established an appropriate formulation of TCAP-1 and developed an immunoassay to assess its concentrations in tissues and in circulation. Also, by examining a number of transcriptional response elements, I have found two assays for probing the signal transduction mechanisms of this peptide.
A Fixed-Point Algorithm for Automated Static Detection of Infinite Loops (2015)

We present an algorithm for automated detection of infinite loop bugs in programs. It relies on a Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver backend and can be run conveniently with SMT-constrained symbolic execution. The algorithm detects infinite loop bugs for single-path, multi-path and nested loops. We prove soundness of the algorithm, i.e. There are no false positive detections of infinite loops. Part of the algorithm is a fixed-point based termination check for 'simple' loops, whose soundness is a consequence of Brouwer's fixed-point theorem. The algorithm further yields no false negative detections for context-sensitive detection of periodic loop orbits with sum of prefix iterations and periodicity of up to the analysis loop unroll depth (bounded completeness), if the SMT solver answers the fixed-point satisfiability query in time. We describe an example implementation as plug-in extension of Eclipse CDT. The implementation is validated with the infinite loop test cases from the Juliet test suite and benchmarks are provided.
XVIII.—The α- and β-modifications of benzene hexachloride (1891)

F. E. Matthews, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1891, 59, 165 DOI: 10.1039/CT8915900165
Optical devices integrated with semiconductor optical amplifier (2003)

Semiconductor optical amplifiers have been used as key optical components for high capacity communication systems. Monolithic integration is necessary for the stable operation of these devices and for wider applications. In this paper, the coupling technique between different waveguides was discussed and research results about optical devices integrated with SOAs were presented. In particular laser amplifier gate switch arrays have been discussed.
[Biocompatibility of ePTFE modified by ion beam irradiation]. (2004)

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is a stable polymer and widely used as a prosthesis because of its chemical inertness. However, ePTFE as an artificial dura mater is often associated with postoperative leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to its very low adhesiveness to fibrin glue and surrounding tissue. To overcome this shortcoming the authors examined the effects of ion beam irradiation to ePTFE surface. The surfaces of ePTFE were irradiated with 150keV--He+, Ne-, Ar+ and Kr+ ions with fluences of 1 x 10(14), 5 x 10(14) and 1 x 10(15) ions/cm2. L929 fibroblasts were cultured for 24 hours on ePTFE sheets that had both ion beam irradiated and un-irradiated regions. It was confirmed that fibroblasts still adhered to the ion beam irradiated area. This phenomenon was observed under different condition of ion beam irradiation. Adhesive strength of fibrin glue to ion beam irradiated ePTFE was evaluated by tensile strength and burst pressure test using ePTFE patch. Both tensile strength and burst pressure were remarkably enhanced by ion beam irradiation. SEM study indicated that fibrin glue infiltrated and anchored into the gaps induced by the ion beam irradiation. Thus ion beam irradiation improved biocompatibility of the surface of ePTFE.
Metalated carboxylic acids. IV. Reactions of metalated carboxylic acids with epoxides. Substituted steroidal spiro .gamma.-lactones from spiro .beta.-epoxides (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetalated carboxylic acids. IV. Reactions of metalated carboxylic acids with epoxides. Substituted steroidal spiro .gamma.-lactones from spiro .beta.-epoxidesP. L. CregerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 12, 1907–1918Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00977a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00977a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views613Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Service-mining Based on the Knowledge and Customer Databases (2007)

In this paper, we introduce the concept of service-mining and show how this mining helps vehicle maintenance centers to improve their services. We propose the conceptual architecture of service-mining system and the data structure. We also propose a framework of Service-mining System, which includes function modules, supporting components and hierarchy. Some potential service patterns that are discovered through mining at the reasoning layer are evaluated by customers' feedback.