gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carrier-Based UWB Impulse Radio: Simplicity, Flexibility, and Pulser Implementation in 0.18-micron CMOS (2006)

Emerging impulse-based ultra-wideband (UWB) technology shows strong advantages for the implementation of low-power transceivers. In this paper we propose a carrier-based UWB system that brings two distinctive advantages over other UWB systems: 1) lower power operation due to the fact that signal processing is optimally partitioned between analog and digital baseband; 2) better spectrum utilization enabling spectrum diversity and multi-user systems. One of the core blocks in this UWB system is the pulser that serves as the transmitter RF front-end and that serves as the template generator in the receiver. We demonstrate a carrier-based low-cost and low-power UWB pulser ASIC fabricated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS digital process. The power measurements indicate that our UWB pulser ASIC outperforms the other low-data rate solutions due to its lower baseline power consumption.
Improved Organic Dye Degradation Using Highly Efficient MXene Composites (2018)

Over the years, scarcity of fresh potable water has increased the demand for clean water. Meanwhile, with the advent of nanotechnology, the use of nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in wastewaters has increased. Herein, a new type of nanohybrids of La and Mn co-doped bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles embedded into transition metal carbide sheets (MXene) were prepared by a low-cost double solvent sol-gel method, and investigated for their photocatalytic activity. The photoluminescence results showed that pure BFO has highest electron hole recombination rate as compared to all the co-doped BFO/MXene nanohybrids. The larger surface area and higher electron-hole pair generation rate provides suitable environment for fast photo-degradation of organic molecules. The band gap of the prepared nanohybrids was tuned to 1.96 eV having largest BiFeO3 surface area (147 m2g&minus;1) reported till date. Moreover, the BLFO/MXene and BLFMO-5/Mxene degraded the 92% organic pollutant from water in dark and remaining in light spectrum as compare to undoped BFO/Mxene due to enhancement of the surface area and electron-hole recombination rate upon doping. Therefore, these synthesized nanohybrids could be a promising candidate for photocatalytic applications in future.
A File Integrity Monitoring System Based on Virtual Machine (2012)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a file integrity monitoring system, named FSGuard, based on the virtualization software Xen. Monitored system (DomU) runs in full virtualized mode on Xen, therefore it is unable to perceive the existence of the underlying VMM, but its system calls related to file operations are recorded in real time. User mode programs in DomU provide configuration and management interface, so that the administrator can assign a certain DomU to specify the access control policy and a list of files that need to be protected. These characters make FSGuard possible to monitor file operations in real time, and get feedback through the user mode program in DomU.
A study on objective functions for dynamic operation optimization of a single-car elevator system with destination hall call registration (2005)

The purpose of this study is to examine what types of objective functions should be dynamically optimized to improve overall operation efficiency of a single-car elevator system with destination hall call registration. Here, destination hall call registration is such an elevator system that passengers can register their destination floors directly at elevator halls. We propose a method to apply simulated annealing to this dynamic operation optimization problem. Then, we show by numerical experiments that the weighted averages of two types of objective functions such as the weighted average service time and the maximum service time are effective, where the service time of a passenger is the time from when he/she pushes a button at an elevator hall till when he/she leaves the car at his/her destination floor.
Comparison of the effects of independently‐controlled end‐tidal PCO<sub>2</sub> and PO<sub>2</sub> on blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) MRI (2007)

The BOLD reactivity to PETO(2) was much smaller than that to PETCO(2). However, BOLD reactivity can be significantly distorted by CO(2)-induced changes in PETO(2). We conclude that PETO(2) should be carefully controlled during studies that use BOLD reactivity as an indicator of CVR.
Screening of Tropical Medicinal Plants for Molluscicidal, Larvicidal, Fungicidal and Cytotoxic Activities and Brine Shrimp Toxicity (1994)

Crude Extracts Of 36 Medicinal Plants Collected In Africa and South America Were Tested For Their Molluscicidal (Biomphalaria Glabrata), Larvicidal (Aedes Aegypti), Fungicidal (Cladosporium Cu-Cumerinum) and Cytotoxic (Against 2 Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines) Activities, As Well As For Brine Shrimp Toxicity (Artemia Salina). Members Of The Annonaceae, Guttiferae and Leguminosae Are Shown To Contain Compounds Highly Active In These 5 Bioassays. Three Of The Species Tested Stand Out For Their Marked Activity In Only One Bioassay: Rogeria Adenophylla and Sesamum Indicum (Pe-Daliaceae) Demonstrate Potent Larvicidal Activity and Adenium Obesum (Apocynaceae) Exhibits Very Strong Cytotoxicity.
T Cells as Treatment Targets in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2013)

T cells play a central role in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. The discovery of key steps that lead to SLE T cell dysfunction allowed several investigators to propose targeted treatments for SLE. Herein, we discuss the potential of novel drugs targeting SLE T cells, such as fostamatinib and anti-IL-17 antibodies. Furthermore, we discuss the use of already approved medications such as rapamycin, dipyridamole and N acetylcysteine as targeted therapies for SLE.
Fiber-type discrimination in disuse and glucocorticoid-induced atrophy (1990)

Data are presented which demonstrate that phasic/glycolytic muscles atrophy more than tonic/oxidative muscles in response to exogenously introduced glucocorticoids. Data are also presented demonstrating that immobilization makes a muscle unusually sensitive to glucocorticoid-induced atrophy and that remobilization of a previously immobilized muscle protects a muscle from glucocorticoid-induced atrophy. These observations are discussed within the context of the role of mechanical activity in the acquisition and maintenance of fiber-type characteristics. In addition, the available data on the glucocorticoid receptor population in skeletal muscles of various types and circumstance are reviewed within the context of the recent observations concerning the glucocorticoid induction of the enzyme glutamine synthetase in skeletal muscle. It is proposed here that atrophy is not necessarily the response of skeletal muscle to glucocorticoids. Rather, atrophy is a possible consequence of the glucocorticoid-induced increase in export of amino acid carbon from the muscle. Whether such export causes a muscle to atrophy or perhaps even hypertrophy will depend on the capacity of the muscle to sustain its free amino acid pools. Mechanical activity greatly promotes the uptake of free amino acids in skeletal muscle. Such promotion takes the form of both contraction-induced uptake and increased insulin sensitivity. Within this perspective, it is suggested that tonic muscles and remobilized muscles are protected from atrophy by exogenous glucocorticoids because their high level of mechanical activity allows them to maintain their free amino acid pools.
Heating element embedded parylene microcolumn for miniature gas chromatograph (2003)

This paper presents the first miniature parylene gas chromatograph (GC) column with embedded heating element. The main advantage of a parylene microcolumn is its lower heat capacity compared with a micromachined silicon/glass column. The analysis time and power consumption of the miniature GC system can be decreased with a parylene microcolumn because of its rapid transient heating. In this paper, the fabrication and heat transfer of a heating element embedded parylene microcolumn are presented.
A framework for dynamic Byzantine storage (2004)

We present a framework for transforming several quorum-based protocols so that they can dynamically adapt their failure threshold and server count, allowing them to be reconfigured in anticipation of possible failures or to replace servers as desired. We demonstrate this transformation on the dissemination quorum protocol. The resulting system provides confirmable wait-free atomic semantics while tolerating Byzantine failures from the clients or servers. The system can grow without bound to tolerate as many failures as desired. Finally, the protocol is optimal and fast: only the minimal number of servers - 3f + 1 - is needed to tolerate any f failures and, in the common case, reads require only one message round-trip.
Novel Murine Infection Models Provide Deep Insights into the “Ménage à Trois” of Campylobacter jejuni, Microbiota and Host Innate Immunity (2011)

We conclude that gnotobiotic and "humanized" mice represent excellent novel C. jejuni-infection and -inflammation models and provide deep insights into the immunological and molecular interplays between C. jejuni, microbiota and innate immunity in human campylobacteriosis.
Delivery of macromolecules to plant parasitic nematodes using a tobacco rattle virus vector (2007)

Plant parasitic nematodes cause significant damage to crops on a worldwide scale. These nematodes are often soil dwelling but rely on plants for food and to sustain them during reproduction. Complex interactions occur between plants and nematodes during the nematode life cycle with plant roots developing specialized feeding structures through which nematodes withdraw nutrients. Here we describe a novel method for delivering macromolecules to feeding nematodes using a virus-based vector [tobacco rattle virus (TRV)]. We show that the parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii will ingest fluorescent proteins transiently expressed in plant roots infected with a TRV construct carrying the appropriate protein sequence. A prerequisite for this delivery is the presence of replicating virus in root tips prior to the formation of nematode-induced syncytia. We show also that TRV vectors expressing nematode gene sequences can be used to induce RNAi in the feeding nematodes.
System-on-a-chip with security modules for network home electric appliances (2006)

Home electric appliances connected to the Internet and other networks allow users to easily access a variety of information and services. However, the users of such appliances are increasingly exposed to the threat of information leaks, unauthorized access, and other risks. Therefore, home electric appliances connected to networks must provide adequate security functions. This paper introduces three new Fujitsu system-on-a-chips (SoCs) developed for network home electric appliances. These SoCs provide network, security, and control functions for home electric appliances and peripheral components. The new SoCs can also provide these functions for a digital home system and process the data of the system's devices. Moreover, when connected to an existing system, they can be used as slave processors for network and security processing.
High-reflectivity, wide-bandwidth optical phase conjugation via four-wave mixing in potassium vapor (1996)

We report on a high-reflectivity (up to 670%) wide-bandwidth (up to 230 MHz) phase-conjugate mirror formed using backward-four-wave mixing with continuous-wave pump beams in a 2-mm potassium vapor cell. The reflectivities and bandwidths are significantly larger than have been measured previously, and the bandwidth is ten times greater than is predicted theoretically. The reflectivity-bandwidth product is more than an order of magnitude improvement over those previously achieved with other continuous-wave phase-conjugate systems.
Top-k pipe join (2010)

In the context of service composition and orchestration, service invocation is typically scheduled according to execution plans, whose topology establishes whether different services are to be invoked in parallel or in a sequence. In the latter case, we may have a configuration, called pipe join, in which the output of a service is used as input for another service. When the services involved in a pipe join output results sorted by score, the problem arises of efficiently determining the join tuples (aka combinations) with the highest combined scores. In this paper we study different execution strategies related to the pipe join configuration. First, we consider a strategy that minimizes the access costs to achieve a target number of combinations. Then, we propose a strategy that explicitly considers the scores of the output tuples in order to provide deterministic guarantees that the top-k combinations have been found. Finally, a hybrid strategy is presented.
Effectiveness of Picture Book on Children's Worries about Surgery (2011)

Pictures and other visual aids are particularly effective in explaining surgery to pre-school and school aged children. The purpose of the study was to find the effectiveness of a picture book in reducing the worries of children between five to twelve years of age before going for surgery. A quasi experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was used in 60 samples. Statistical analysis of data revealed that the picture book related to surgery was effective in reducing the worries of children, about surgery (t value =-2.318 and p value <0.05)
Implemental Control Strategy for Grid Stabilization of Grid-Connected PV System Based on German Grid Code in Symmetrical Low-to-Medium Voltage Network (2013)

In the last couple of years, the increasing penetration of renewable energy resulted in the development of grid-connected large-scale power plants. However, a high penetration harbors the risk of grid instability if the generating power plants are not able to support the grid. Therefore, grid stabilization, which depends on the system-type or grid of each country, plays an important role and has been strengthened by different grid codes. With this background, VDE-AR-N 4105 for photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the low-voltage grid and the German Association of Energy and Water Industries (BDEW) introduced the medium-voltage grid code for connecting power plants to the grid and they are the most stringent certifications. In this paper, the control strategy of generating system is enhanced with VDE-AR-N 4105 and BDEW grid code, where both active/reactive powers are controlled. Simulation and experimental results of 100-kW PV inverter are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed implemental control strategy.
The BUG: a Linux-based hardware mashup (2008)

With the BUG, you get a GPS, camera, motion detector and accelerometer all in one hand-sized unit, and it's completely programmable.
An organic/inorganic hybrid layered polymer: methacrylate–magnesium(nickel) phyllosilicate (1995)

Y. Fukushima and M. Tani, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1995, 241 DOI: 10.1039/C39950000241
Applications of Artificial Cells in Medicine and Biotechnology (1987)

This article summarizes those research activities in the area of artificial cells which are related to medicine and biotechnology. This includes the applications of artificial cells in: (1) chronic renal failure, (2) drug poisoning, (3) aluminium and iron removal, (4) fulminant hepatic failure, (5) immunosorbent for direct blood perfusion, (6) enzyme therapy and metabolic function replacement, (7) immobilized cell cultures for Bioartificial Organs, (8) blood substitutes, (9) microencapsulation, (10) biotechnology and other areas.
Minimum energy for computation, theory vs. experiment (2011)

How much energy is required to compute a bit of information? As the end of the CMOS scaling era approaches, this question becomes ever more important. A group at the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) has postulated a limit at k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> T ln(2) for charge-based computing, and suggested that other state variables are necessary. Our work shows that the SRC analysis is flawed, and investigates devices and circuits that will dissipate energy only when information is destroyed.
Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derivation, Maintenance, and Differentiation to Trophoblast (2010)

Since the first report of derivation of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines in 1998, many progresses have been achieved to reliably and efficiently derive, maintain, and differentiate this therapeutically promising cell type. This chapter introduces some basic and widely recognized methods that we use in our hESC core laboratory. Specifically, it includes methods for (1) deriving hESC lines without using enzyme and antibody to isolate the inner cell mass; (2) sustaining hESC self-renewal under feeder-dependent, feeder-conditioned, and defined conditions as well as pluripotency validation and quality control assays; and (3) inducing hESC differentiation to trophoblast with BMP4.
A statistical approach to localize passive RFIDs (2006)

We suggest a novel method for localizing passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags based on a Bayesian approach. The localization framework requires a suitable number of tag-readers deployed in the area under investigation and connected to antennas which, provided with rotation ability, perform the detection task by scanning each angular sector at different power levels. Since readers are programmed to detect tags at increasing transmitting power (and provide binary tag/no tag information), we take advantage of the reader interrogation results to develop a Bayesian model for tags localization. By testing the solution with off-the-shelf UHF tags were experimented the accuracy of the method that, in a 5mtimes4m environment, provides an average error in localization of about 0.6 meters. This without exploiting any a priori information of the location, orientation or the power delivered to the tag (since not available in actual tags) which would significantly improve localization accuracy
Solution-based fabrication of vanadium dioxide on F:SnO2 substrates with largely enhanced thermochromism and low-emissivity for energy-saving applications (2011)

Vanadium dioxide is a key material for thermochromic smart windows that can respond to environmental temperatures to modulate near infrared irradiation from a transparent state at low-temperature to an opaque state at high-temperature while maintaining the visible transmittance. This paper reports a novel VO2/FTO/glass multi-layered structure, which shows promising optical properties for application to energy-efficient smart windows. VO2 thin films are deposited on F-doped SnO2 (FTO) glasses by annealing a precursor film that is obtained via a solution-based process. The rutile-structured FTO substrate enhances the crystallinity of the VO2 films and lowers the synthesis temperature to ∼390 °C. The VO2/FTO/substrate double-layered films show both improved low-emissivity performance and distinct thermochromic properties. For a 65 nm thick VO2/FTO substrate double-layered film, low emissivities of 0.19 and 0.27 before and after the metal-insulator phase transition (MIPT) are obtained, while a solar transmittance modulation efficiency (η, in the wavelength range of 280–2600 nm) of 4.9% is achieved. A TiO2 anti-reflective coating (ARC) is incorporated to form a three-layered TiO2/VO2/FTO/substrate structure to boost the integrated visible transmittance (Tvis) while maintaining the low-emissivity performance. A 29.4% improvement for Tvis from 34.0% to 44.0% at room temperature is achieved for a 55 nm thick VO2 film coated with a TiO2 layer while emissivities of 0.13 and 0.24 before and after MIPT are maintained. Moreover, η is also increased significantly, from 4.3% for the VO2/FTO/substrate structure to 8.8% for the TiO2/VO2/FTO/substrate structure. Our results demonstrate a new approach of combining both thermochromism and low-emissivity performance for applications such as VO2-based energy-saving windows.
Geometric analysis of partially polarized electromagnetic waves (1967)

Some invariant properties of partially polarized electromagnetic waves are studied geometrically. Transformations of the complex degree of correlation and the degree of polarization are studied in the Poincaré and Cayley-Klein models of three-dimensional non-Euclidean hyperbolic space by means of simple geometric constructions which lucidly show the relationships between these quantities.
Separation of a Soluble Antigen and Infectious Particles of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Viruses and their Relationship to Hog Cholera. (1963)

A soluble antigen present in infectious tissue culture fluids was separated from the infective virus particle by ultracentrifugation of two serologically related strains of bovine viral diarrhea viruses, NADL-MD and Oregon C24V. Neutralizing antibodies against the two viruses were absent in four hog cholera antisera, but present in significant titer in the commercially prepared antiserum. Precipitin tests utilizing the agar double diffusion technique formed a single line of identity between the concentrated soluble antigen of both viruses and NADL-MD and hog cholera antisera. No lines were observed using concentrated virus pellet and noninfected BEK cell antigens or control SPF calf and swine sera.
Induction of transgene expression in Tg.AC (v-Ha-ras) transgenic mice concomitant with DNA hypomethylation (1998)

Tg.AC transgenic mice have a transgene composed of a zeta-globin transcriptional control region, a v-Ha-ras coding region, and a simian virus 40 3' polyadenylation signal sequence. Induced ectopic expression of the transgene by chemical treatment or full-skin-thickness wounding leads to the development of skin papillomas. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays and protein blotting indicated that the transgene was expressed 16-28 d after full-skin-thickness surgical wounding. Normal unwounded skin did not express the transgene. DNA blotting indicated that the position of the transgene remained stable during wound-induced tumorigenesis. Concomitant with the v-Ha-ras mRNA and protein expression was the hypomethylation of specific MspI/HpaII sites within the transgene. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that hypomethylation is required for the induced and sustained expression of the Tg.AC v-Ha-ras transgene in spontaneous and induced tumors in Tg.AC mice.