gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gramene, a Tool for Grass Genomics (2002)

Gramene (http://www.gramene.org) is a comparative genome mapping database for grasses and a community resource for rice (Oryza sativa). It combines a semi-automatically generated database of cereal genomic and expressed sequence tag sequences, genetic maps, map relations, and publications, with a curated database of rice mutants (genes and alleles), molecular markers, and proteins. Gramene curators read and extract detailed information from published sources, summarize that information in a structured format, and establish links to related objects both inside and outside the database, providing seamless connections between independent sources of information. Genetic, physical, and sequence-based maps of rice serve as the fundamental organizing units and provide a common denominator for moving across species and genera within the grass family. Comparative maps of rice, maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), barley (Hordeum vulgare), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and oat (Avena sativa) are anchored by a set of curated correspondences. In addition to sequence-based mappings found in comparative maps and rice genome displays, Gramene makes extensive use of controlled vocabularies to describe specific biological attributes in ways that permit users to query those domains and make comparisons across taxonomic groups. Proteins are annotated for functional significance using gene ontology terms that have been adopted by numerous model species databases. Genetic variants including phenotypes are annotated using plant ontology terms common to all plants and trait ontology terms that are specific to rice. In this paper, we present a brief overview of the search tools available to the plant research community in Gramene.
The Relationship between Work-Related Psychological Health and Psychological Type among Clergy Serving in The Presbyterian Church (USA) (2008)

This study examines the relationship between work-related psychological health and the Jungian model of psychological type among a sample of 748 clergy serving within The Presbyterian Church (USA). Psychological type was assessed by the Francis Psychological Type Scales which provide classification in terms of orientation (extraversion or introversion), perceiving (sensing or intuition), judging (thinking or feeling) and attitude toward the outer world (extraverted judging or extraverted perceiving). Work-related psychological health was assessed by the Francis Burnout Inventory which distinguishes between positive affect (the Satisfaction in Ministry Scale) and negative affect (the Scale of Emotional Exhaustion in Ministry). The data demonstrated that these clergy display high levels of negative affect coupled with high levels of positive affect. The data also confirmed that the main association between work-related psychological health and psychological type is a function of the orientations (the source of psychological energy). Compared with clergy who prefer introversion, clergy who prefer extraversion display both higher levels of satisfaction in ministry and lower levels of emotional exhaustion in ministry. These findings are consistent with the theory that the extraverted nature of ministry requires introverted clergy to operate for considerable periods of time outside their preferred orientations, with the consequent loss of energy and the consequent erosion of psychological rewards. Strategies are suggested for enabling introverted clergy to cope more effectively and more efficiently with the extraverted demands of ministry.
Is your computer being misused? A survey of current intrusion detection system technology (2002)

All computer systems are vulnerable to abuse and penetration by both legitimate users who abuse their authority and individuals who are not authorized to use the computer system. Many systems are under development to aid in the detection of these abuses. The capabilities of these 'intrusion detection systems' (IDS) are varied, ranging from tools that provide for the meaningful reduction of audit data to tools that provide in-depth analysis of user and system behavior. The authors have performed a survey of the state-of-the-art in intrusion detection systems. This paper presents a summary of this survey.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improving Pronunciation Accuracy of Proper Names with Language Origin Classes (2001)

Lifestyle changes among HCPs are possible with relatively modest behavioural education and within a short period of time. Educational strategies and workshops are effective, efficient and easy to perform, and should be encouraged in HCPs to promote the implementation of lifestyle modifications in their patients.
State-Switched Absorber for Vibration Control of Point-Excited Beams (2002)

A system that has the capability to make instantaneous changes in its mass, stiffness, or damping may be termed a state-switchable dynamical system. Such a system will display different dynamical responses dependent upon its current state. State-switchable stiffness may be practically obtained through the control of the termination impedance of piezoelectric stiffness elements. If such a switchable stiffness element is incorporated as part of the spring element of a vibration absorber, the change in stiffness causes a change in the resonance frequencies of the system, thereby instantaneously ‘retuning’ the state-switched absorber to a new frequency. In between state switches, the operation of such a device is passive, being fundamentally a passive vibration absorber. This concept has improved performance over classical passive vibration absorbers or dampers, particularly for disturbances with multiple spectral components. This paper considers the application of such a device for the purpose of vibration control on beams subjected to harmonic point-force excitation.
Identity-Based Threshold Key Management for Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

Ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that could be self-configured with no aid of any established infrastructure, which, however, is commonly susceptible to various attacks. The relevant researches for Ad hoc networks have been currently focused on these aspects mentioned above to further solve various security problems. In this contribution, we briefly survey previous works regarding key management for Ad hoc networks, and then introduce the secret sharing and pairing technique related to this point. Following this lead, we further propose an identity-based threshold key management scheme for Ad hoc networks, which includes key generation, key distribution, and key update services. Moreover, we also evaluate the performance of above scheme.
Programming and control of multiple robotic devices in coordinated motion (2002)

An approach and an architecture for programming and control of multiple robotic devices are presented. The system allows multiple multiaxis devices to be controlled simultaneously by a single controller (up to a total of 12 axes in the current implementation). The devices can be moved synchronously or asynchronously. The motion of a device can be explicitly expressed as a Cartesian path in a moving reference frame attached to another moving device for fully coordinated motion with minimum teaching requirements. The kinematics of coordinated motion and the multidevice programming/control schemes are reviewed. The underlying multitasking motion control software architecture which makes these options possible is highlighted. Necessary extensions to the RAIL robot programming language for multirobot coordinated motion, motion multitasking, and tight integration with end-of-tool processes (such as welding) are covered. The modular software architecture of the overall robot programming and control system, the multiple levels of user access and interfacing, and the options for application and system-level software development are also highlighted. Implementations of the architecture on multiprocessing computer systems and recent representative applications are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The novel ascomycin derivative SDZ ASM 981 is effective for psoriasis when used topically under occlusion (1998)

Topical SDZ ASM 981 has been found to be highly effective in preclinical models of T-cell-mediated skin disease. T cell activation is crucial in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. It has been hypothesized that SDZ ASM 981 may prove to be an effective treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the efficacy, tolerability and safety of the new topical macrolactam, SDZ ASM 981, for chronic plaque psoriasis. Ten patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis were treated with SDZ ASM 981 (0.3% and 1.0%), the corresponding ointment base (placebo) and open-labelled clobetasol-17-propionate ointment (0.05%) in a randomized, double-blind, within-subject comparison for 2 weeks using the microplaque assay. Evaluation was performed by daily determination of clinical scores for erythema and induration. The results of the study showed that, after 2 weeks of treatment, total scores decreased by 92% for clobetasol, by 82% for 1% SDZ ASM 981, by 63% for 0.3% SDZ ASM 981 and by 18% for the ointment base (placebo). No adverse drug effects were seen in any patient throughout the study. We conclude from our results that the new macrolactam SDZ ASM 981 (1%) is similar to clobetasol-17-propionate (0.05%) in plaque-type psoriasis when applied topically under occlusion for 2 weeks using the microplaque assay.
Strongly Typed Genetic Programming in Evolving Cooperation Strategies (1995)

A key concern in genetic programming (GP) is the size of the state--space which must be searched for large and complex problem domains. One method to reduce the state--space size is by using Strongly Typed Genetic Programming (STGP). We applied both GP and STGP to construct cooperation strategies to be used by multiple predator agents to pursue and capture a prey agent on a grid--world. This domain has been extensively studied in Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) as an easy--to--describe but difficult--to--solve cooperation problem. The evolved programs from our systems are competitive with manually derived greedy algorithms. In particular the STGP paradigm evolved strategies in which the predators were able to achieve their goal without explicitly sensing the location of other predators or communicating with other predators. This is an improvement over previous research in this area. The results of our experiments indicate that STGP is able to evolve programs that perform sign...
Photothermal therapy of cancer cells using magnetic carbon nanoparticles (2011)

Photothermal therapy offers a solution for the destruction of cancer cells without significant collateral damage to otherwise healthy cells. Several attempts are underway in using carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and nanotubes due to their excellent absorption properties in the near-infrared spectrum of biological window. However, minimizing the required number of injected nanoparticles, to ensure minimal cytotoxicity, is a major challenge. We report on the introduction of magnetic carbon nanoparticles (MCNPs) onto cancer cells, localizing them in a desired region by applying an external magnetic field and irradiating them with a near-infrared laser beam. The MCNPs were prepared in Benzene, using an electric plasma discharge, generated in the cavitation field of an ultrasonic horn. The CNPs were made ferromagnetic by use of Fe-electrodes to dope the CNPs, as confirmed by magnetometry. Transmission electron microscopy measurements showed the size distribution of these MCNPs to be in the range of 5-10 nm. For photothermal irradiation, a tunable continuous wave Ti: Sapphire laser beam was weakly focused on to the cell monolayer under an inverted fluorescence microscope. The response of different cell types to photothermal irradiation was investigated. Cell death in the presence of both MCNPs and laser beam was confirmed by morphological changes and propidium iodide fluorescence inclusion assay. The results of our study suggest that MCNP based photothermal therapy is a promising approach to remotely guide photothermal therapy.
Inertial modulation of hydrophoretic cell sorting and focusing (2014)

This paper demonstrates a method of modulating hydrophoretic focusing and sorting by inertial forces in a microfluidic device. At low Reynolds number (Re), hydrophoresis enables size-based sorting by generating specific equilibrium positions for differently sized particles. As increasing Re, hydrophoresis becomes coupled with inertial effects that bias the equilibrium positions to create a narrow focusing stream. Using this method, we achieved both size-based sorting and sheathless focusing in a device.
{Sequential crowdsourced labeling as an epsilon-greedy exploration in a Markov Decision Process} (2014)

Crowdsourcing marketplaces are widely used for curating large annotated datasets by col-lecting labels from multiple annotators. In such scenarios one has to balance the trade-off between the accuracy of the collected la-bels, the cost of acquiring these labels, and the time taken to finish the labeling task. With the goal of reducing the labeling cost, we introduce the notion of sequential crowd-sourced labeling, where instead of asking for all the labels in one shot we acquire labels from annotators sequentially one at a time. We model it as an epsilon-greedy exploration in a Markov Decision Process with a Bayesian decision theoretic utility function that incor-porates accuracy, cost and time. Experimen-tal results confirm that the proposed sequen-tial labeling procedure can achieve similar ac-curacy at roughly half the labeling cost and at any stage in the labeling process the algo-rithm achieves a higher accuracy compared to randomly asking for the next label. 1
Current techniques in spinal stabilization (1996)

Anterior cervical instrumentation posterior cervical instrumentation anterior thoracolumbar instrumentation posterior thoracolumbar instrumentation application.
Near-Field Focusing With a Corrugated Surface (2009)

In this letter, we present a theoretical device that can produce electromagnetic near-field patterns with deep subwavelength resolution. The device consists of a single slit in a corrugated metallic surface. The surface exhibits a nonperiodic series of grooves symmetrically positioned about a waveguide-fed slit. A procedure for designing such a device is described in detail. The electromagnetic response of the corrugated surface is shown to be as theoretically predicted, producing a subwavelength focal pattern with a null-to-null beamwidth of lambda/10. In addition, the effect of losses on the performance of the device is studied. Finally, it is shown that the device can be impedance-matched to its waveguide feed. Such devices will find use in noncontact sensing and near-field probing applications.
Neonatal gastric perforation following inadvertent connection of oxygen to the nasogastric feeding tube: Figure 1 (2007)

An 3-day-old baby, who was being treated for probable sepsis, developed acute abdominal distension. On examination he was pale, and had tachycardia and tachypnoea and cold, dusky extremities. He responded only to pain. The abdomen was distended, tense and tender with absent bowel sounds. The scrotum was distended, translucent and non-erythematous. He had been on …
Elevated ischaemia‐associated lysyl oxidase activity in delayed graft failure 6–12 months after renal transplantation (2016)

What is the central question of this study? What potential biochemical changes are associated with renal parenchyma 6-12 months after renal transplantation and delayed graft failure? What is the main finding and its importance? Tissue fibrosis, mediated by tissue ischaemia-induced induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and fibronectin and consequent activation of lysyl oxidase, is a major underlying pathophysiological mechanism that contributes to delayed graft failure several months after renal transplantation. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the potential biochemical changes associated with renal parenchyma 6-12 months after renal transplantation and delayed graft failure. Serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-β in these subjects always remained elevated. In addition, examination of tissue from needle biopsies confirmed that there were consistent changes in the enzyme lysyl oxidase, which functions as an amine oxidase, modifies lysine residues on collagen and cross-links in a process of modulation of the extracellular matrix. Parenchymal levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and fibronectin were elevated, as detected by Western blotting. These findings indicate an ongoing ischaemic insult, which might result from increased tissue fibrosis or, in some cases, might be additive with pre-existing pathophysiological factors that constrain proper renal haemodynamics. Thus, increased lysyl oxidase activity, which we assayed, is a potential unfavourable mechanism occurring in these kidneys that are undergoing failure and probably causes increased fibrosis within the organ and causes ischaemia, renovascular hypertension and a cascade leading to renal dysfunction and failure.
A two-stage simulation optimization heuristic for robust design (2003)

The optimization of simulation models is generally performed with fixed environmental conditions. However, in practice disturbances can modify the expected environment (modification of the part mix or of the customer orders In a manufacturing systems, etc.). In order to provide solutions that are robust w. r. t. such modifications, we propose a new methodology that is closer to the decision-makers' reasoning than more classical approaches, such as the use of signal to noise ratio. In order to be able to compare solutions in terms of cost, a first heuristic search determines the (near) best solution and its performance. In a second stage, we consider several possible production environments and a second simulation optimization is performed. Solutions are evaluated according the performance (expressed in terms of costs) of what they would lead to save or to loose on other environments than the expected one. Referee curves allows these solutions to be compared in accordance with the decision-makers' requirements.
Proportions of diether, macrocyclic diether, and tetraether lipids in Methanococcus jannaschii grown at different temperatures (1991)

Growth of Methanococcus jannaschii over a wide temperature range (47 to 75 degrees C) is correlated with an ability to alter dramatically the proportions of three ether lipid cores. These lipids shifted from predominantly diether (2,3-di-O-phytanyl-sn-glycerol) at the lower growth temperatures to macrocyclic diether and tetraether at near optimal growth temperatures. Lipid head groups varied as well, especially with respect to an increase in phosphate at the higher temperatures.
Integration Of Stereo Camera Geometries (1990)

One disadvantage of the lateral stereo model is that there always exists a set of image elements, in both images, for which there is no correspondence. Similarly, one disadvantage of the axial motion stereo model is that there always exists a set of image elements around the center of either image for which the absolute error in determining depth increases drastically as the distance between image element and image center decreases. However, the portion of the image which results in erroneous correspondences when utilizing one stereo geometry can be processed with no similar errors if the other stereo geometry is incorporated. Therefore, a stereoscopic system with no such disadvantages can be developed by integrating the two models. It is shown that this can be achieved without reducing the contents of the depicted scene. The zoom-based stereo camera model is also proposed as a possible replacement of the axial motion arrangement.
The presence of two proteinases associated with the cell wall of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (1995)

Whole cells of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ACA DC235 are able to hydrolyse casein. This proteolytic activity is greatly enhanced when cells are grown in milk rather than in a peptide-rich synthetic medium such as De Man-Sharp-Rogosa. A significant part of the caseinolytic activity can be extracted by treating the intact cells with lysozyme, which suggests that the enzyme(s) involved are associated with the cell wall. The soluble lysozyme extract has been partially fractionated by ultrafiltration using different membranes. Biphasic kinetics of irreversible thermal denaturation, partial inactivation by various agents, and selective reactivation by zinc ions indicated that the overall caseinolytic activity was due to two distinct enzymes. The first one was rapidly inactivated upon heating, inhibited by EDTA, reactivated by Zn2+ ions, and was probably a zinc-dependent metalloprotease. The other one was more stable towards thermal inactivation, inhibited by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, insensitive to N-ethylmaleimide, activated by Ca2+ ions, and was probably a serine protease.
Development of nondestructive technique for measuring carburization thickness and of A new carburization‐resistant alloy (1986)

Abstract Nondestructive measurement of carburization of cracking tube and selecting carburization‐resistant alloys have been of much importance in design and maintenance of such equipment as ethylene cracking heater. In this paper, the authors firstly describe the newly developed manner of measuring carburization and then report a new carburization resistant alloy which is also proved to retard coke deposition from hydrocarbon stream on tube surface. The authors studied the effects of tube metallurgy on coke deposition under the conditions simulated to ethylene cracking tube with the aim of preventing carburization and concluded that the coke deposition amount increases consistantly with increase of nickel content of alloys. Based on the above results, the authors developed a new cracking tube designated as CORET tube which has inner layer of Fe‐25Cr‐9Mn‐3Ni alloy clad to HP tubes by centrifugal double layer casting. Those tubes were installed in commercial ethylene cracking heaters and tested for their carburization resistance, mechanical stability and process performances. The results of the field test lasting for more than three years are as follows: 1. The CORET tube proved to be carburization resistant and mechanically reliable enough for actual use. 2. Preliminary process performance data suggest some degree of coking retardation in the CORET tubes when compared with HP tubes; both operating at approximately the same conditions. 3. These data also indicate some degree of enhancement in the olefins yield, when operating at or near high severity conditions.