gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of 9-hydroxyellipticine (NSC 210717) ON L1210 mouse leukemia and the effect of route of injection. (1976)

The antitumor activity of a new derivative of ellipticine, 9-hydroxyellipticine (NSC 210717), was studied using L1210 mouse leukemia. Low doses of this drug have a high antileukemic activity, whereas high doses have less activity than expected because of a leveling off in the antitumor activity-dose relationship, as if a few cells were resistant to the treatment. The possible causes of this apparent resistance were investigated. It is suggested that this apparent resistance is related to the sequestration of a small number of cells in compartments inaccessible to the drug. A model was developed which takes into account the distribution of cells in various compartments and their drug sensitivity therein. It was predicted and observed that the activity of drugs acting on cells in the small compartments can be observed only in conjunction with the presence of drugs acting on the cells in the major compartment. The importance of this observation in the screening procedures of new drugs, the clinical trial of new chemotherapeutic agents, and the association of anticancer drugs are discussed within this context. 9-Hydroxyellipticine is of interest because it acts on leukemic cells in the brain.
Self-organized control of an tendon driven arm by differential extrinsic plasticity (2016)

With the accelerated development of robot technologies, optimal control becomes one of the central themes of research. In traditional approaches, the controller, by its internal functionality, finds appropriate actions on the basis of the history of sensor values, guided by the goals, intentions, objectives, learning schemes, and so forth. The idea is that the controller controls the world---the body plus its environment---as reliably as possible. This paper focuses on new lines of self-organization for developmental robotics. We apply the recently developed differential extrinsic synaptic plasticity to a muscle-tendon driven arm-shoulder system from the Myorobotics toolkit. In the experiments, we observe a vast variety of self-organized behavior patterns: when left alone, the arm realizes pseudo-random sequences of different poses. By applying physical forces, the system can be entrained into definite motion patterns like wiping a table. Most interestingly, after attaching an object, the controller gets in a functional resonance with the object's internal dynamics, starting to shake spontaneously bottles half-filled with water or sensitively driving an attached pendulum into a circular mode. When attached to the crank of a wheel the neural system independently discovers how to rotate it. In this way, the robot discovers affordances of objects its body is interacting with.
<i>Review</i> : Tumor Vasculature and Microenvironment Normalization: A Possible Mechanism of Antiangiogenesis Therapy (2008)

Tumor antiangiogenesis therapy has been in application for more than 30 years; however, its mechanism remains obscure. An intriguing hypothesis, which has recently gained acceptance, explores the possibility that antiangiogenesis therapy may transiently normalize tumor vasculature and its microenvironment, thus enhancing chemoradiotherapy efficacy. As the equilibrium between proangiogenesis and antiangiogenesis factors is perturbed in the tumor and tips to the former, tumor vasculature tends to exhibit abnormal structure and function. Abnormal vasculature is tightly associated with an uncharacteristic microenvironment, including uneven perfusion, hypoxia, and increased interstitial fluid pressure: This malignant microenvironment hinders the delivery of chemotherapeutics to tumor cells and desensitizes the malignant cells to radiation. Antiangiogenesis therapy can reverse the imbalance and transiently normalize this microenvironment and gives a new perspective for combining antiangiogenesis therapy and traditional chemoradiotherapy.
Laparoscopic Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection: Assessment of Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Complications (1992)

We report the significant intraoperative and early postoperative complications that occurred in 6 of our first 42 patients undergoing laparoscopic lymph node dissection (14%). The intraoperative complications were unintentional cystotomy and inability to enter the peritoneum. The early postoperative complications were deep venous thrombosis necessitating readmission (two patients), partial obturator nerve injury in one patient, and retroperitoneal abscess in one patient. It is our opinion that the complication rate of laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection will decrease as we gain more experience with this procedure.
Deep Neural Networks for HDR imaging (2016)

We propose novel methods of solving two tasks using Convolutional Neural Networks, firstly the task of generating HDR map of a static scene using differently exposed LDR images of the scene captured using conventional cameras and secondly the task of finding an optimal tone mapping operator that would give a better score on the TMQI metric compared to the existing methods. We quantitatively show the performance of our networks and illustrate the cases where our networks performs good as well as bad.
Globular Carbohydrate Macromolecules "Sugar Balls". 1. Synthesis of Novel Sugar-Persubstituted Poly(amido amine) Dendrimers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlobular Carbohydrate Macromolecules "Sugar Balls". 1. Synthesis of Novel Sugar-Persubstituted Poly(amido amine) DendrimersKeigo Aoi, Katsuhito Itoh, and Masahiko OkadaCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 15, 5391–5393Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00119a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00119a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views861Altmetric-Citations262LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Crystallization behaviour of poly(butylene succinate) copolymers (2002)

Abstract Poly(butylene succinate‐ co ‐butylene 2‐methyl succinate) (PBSMS) random copolymers were synthesized with various comonomer compositions and their crystallization behaviour and morphology were investigated by differential scanning calorimeter, small angle X‐ray scattering and polarized optical microscopy. The equilibrium melting temperature obtained by the Hoffman–Weeks plot significantly decreased with increasing comonomer concentration containing methyl side‐groups. Spherulitic growth rates were strongly dependent on comonomer concentration and were analyzed using the Lauritzen–Hoffman kinetic theory. The surface free energy (σσ e ) dramatically decreased with comonomer contents. From analysis of the SAXS data, the dependence of the lamellar thickness on crystallization temperature decreased with increasing comonomer concentration. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Treatment-refractory schizophrenia. (2004)

Between one-third and one-half of the individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia remain actively ill despite optimal pharmacological treatment. These individuals tend to progressively deteriorate in terms of social and vocational functioning despite major public and private investments in their rehabilitation. For patients who do not respond to the first prescribed antipsychotic drug, current clinical practice is to switch to a second and a third drug, and eventually to clozapine, the only antipsychotic drug proven to be effective in treatment-refractory schizophrenia (TRS). Occasionally, two antipsychotics are given concomitantly or psychotropic drugs are added to antipsychotic drugs; however, very few empirical data exist to support this practice. Although there are many exceptions, patients who do not benefit from the first prescribed drug will not benefit from any pharmacological intervention. Therefore, efforts are under way to determine the reason for lack of response to available treatments and devise novel, more effective treatments. To be successful these efforts must result in a more specific definition of TRS, as well as in a better understanding of the illness pathophysiology and the mechanism of action of the drugs.
Dual-Inlet Chemical Amplifier for Atmospheric Peroxy Radical Measurements (1996)

The state-of-the-art of peroxy radical measurements using the technique of chemical amplification has matured in recent years. The NCAR chemical amplifier has been improved over previous versions by employing a dual-inlet system that allows more rapid switching between measurement and background modes. Further improvement is realized by the use of two NO(2) detectors. The dual-inlet chemical amplifier (DICHAMP) employs two identical glass inlet reactor-NO(2) detector combinations, one of which is operated in the background, while the other operates in the radical measurement mode. This instrument is less sensitive to fluctuations in ambient ozone than the single-channel version because of the continuous monitoring of the background and background plus radical signals. The single-inlet, dual-inlet with single-detector, and DICHAMP instruments are compared through theoretical calculations of the effect of noise at a given frequency and amplitude on retrieved radical levels. Laboratory experiments were conducted to support the theoretical results. Ambient radical concentrations were determined using these configurations to evaluate the performance under actual measurement conditions.
The role of preparative variables on the surface composition of supported platinum-ruthenium bimetallic clusters (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe role of preparative variables on the surface composition of supported platinum-ruthenium bimetallic clustersSaeed Alerasool, Dirk Boecker, Bahman Rejai, Richard D. Gonzalez, Gloria Del Angel, Maximiliano Azomosa, and Ricardo GomezCite this: Langmuir 1988, 4, 5, 1083–1090Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00083a003https://doi.org/10.1021/la00083a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation of enteric-coated microspheres of<i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>vaccine with cellulose acetate phthalate: (II). Effect of temperature and pH on the stability and release behaviour of microspheres (1991)

The in vitro stability (temperature and pH) and dissolution study (pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution and pH changed medium) of the enteric-coated microspheres containing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine (MHV) were examined. The MHV microspheres were thermally more stable than the unencapsulated MHV. More than 90% of antigenicity was retained in the MHV microspheres for 3 weeks when stored at 4 degrees C. The MHV microspheres in pH 1.2 and pH 3.0 medium were more stable than the unencapsulated MHV. The MHV enteric-coated microspheres exhibited an excellent enteric function to prevent pH-related inactivation. The influence of particle size, CAP concentration and span 80 concentration on the MHV released from microspheres was also determined. The smaller the particle size, the higher the dissolution rate due to the larger surface area of the smaller particle. The higher the concentration of span 80 used, the more the greater the amount of MHV released. This was attributed to the more porous structure of microspheres prepared by the higher concentration of span 80. By increasing the CAP concentration, however, the release rate of MHV was decreased due to the larger amount of CAP and the more compact structure of microspheres.
Fluorine‐18 labeling of peptide nucleic acids (2001)

Abstract Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are a unique class of synthetic macromolecules, originally designed as ligands for the recognition of double stranded DNA. From a chemical point of view, the deoxyribose phosphate backbone of DNA is replaced by a pseudo‐peptide N ‐(2‐aminoethyl)glycyl backbone, while the nucleobases of DNA (adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine) are retained. Due to the increasing interest in the labeling of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) as potent diagnostic agents in nuclear medicine, we have used and adapted the reliable methodology developed for the fluorine‐18 labeling of oligonucleotides and have now demonstrated that it is possible to label PNAs in sufficient quantity and with high specific radioactivity for PET studies in a time compatible with the half life of fluorine‐18. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oleacein from olive oil inhibits myeloperoxidase and metalloproteinase-9 production by atherosclerotic plaque (2012)

Recently we have shown that oleacein (secoiridoid) inhibits myeloperoxidase (MPO) release by human neutrophils, which may explain the protective effect of extra virgin olive oil against cardiovascular diseases [Food Chemistry 2012, 131: 940–947]. MPO is also localized in human atherosclerotic lesions, where is responsible for inflammatory reactions and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of the study was to establish the direct effect of oleacein on MPO and metalloproteinase-9 production by human carotid plaque.
Antireflective Coating Material For Highly Reflective Surfaces With Topography (1986)

We have developed an undercoating material, SWK 436( Standing Wave Killer 436 ), that is composed of a polymer synthesized from the compounds that mainly consist of triazine derivatives and physically mixed dyes. It has an antireflective effect and no photoreactive property. Its maximum absorption is at about 450nm but it is designed to have a high degree of efficiency to absorb light at 436nm wave length. When SWK was applied to a bilayer resist system on an aluminum substrate, stsnding wave generation was quenched as it absorbed reflected or scattered light. The variation of resist pattern dimension was got to be lower. The resolution of resist pattern with SWK was resulted higher than the resolution without SWK on an aluminum substrate.
Interpretation of Ancient Japanese Architecture: Focusing on Links with World History (2000)

Horyuji was built at the beginning of the seventh century. It was totally destroyed by fire at one time but was rebuilt in its current form between the end of the seventh century and the beginning of the eighth century. Horyuji is currently the oldest wooden construction in Japan and probably the oldest wooden temple in the world. It is often said that Horyuji was influenced by ancient Greek architecture. How could Hellenism have been conveyed to a Buddhist temple in the Far East? Undoubtedly, to a person hearing this for the first time, this would appear somewhat dubious. However, it is true that Horyuji is considered to be very Greek. A cross-section of the pillars used in Horyuji shows that they are round. The pillars, in other words, are round columns. They are not completely straight columns, though. The mid-point of each column tends to curve outwards. This is especially noticeable in the pillars of the Chumon Gate and the Kondo(Main Hall). In architectural terminology this is referred to as dobari in Japanese. Sometimes the Western term, entasis, is also used. This technique of having a bulge at the midpoint of columns was also seen in ancient Greek architecture. It is generally considered that this method was employed to make the exterior of a construction appear visually stable. This is what the word entasis originally meant. The term was originally used to refer to ancient Western architecture, but it has also been translated into Japanese to describe the Horyuji columns. Indeed, the Horyuji columns appear very similar to Greek columns. It is no wonder, therefore, that the bulge in the columns of Horyuji is often referred to as entasis. It is these columns that make people say that Horyuji was influ enced by ancient Greece.
Identification of amino acid residues in Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases influencing the structure of the glucan product (1994)

The glucosyltransferases (GTFs) of mutans streptococci are important virulence factors in the sucrose-dependent colonization of tooth surfaces by these organisms. To investigate the structure-function relationship of the GTFs, an approach was initiated to identify amino acid residues of the GTFs which affect the incorporation of glucose residues into the glucan polymer. Conserved amino acid residues were identified in the GTF-S and GTF-I enzymes of the mutans streptococci and were selected for site-directed mutagenesis in the corresponding enzymes from Streptococcus mutans GS5. Conversion of six amino acid residues of the GTF-I enzyme to those present at the corresponding positions in GTF-S, either singly or in multiple combinations, resulted in enzymes synthesizing increased levels of soluble glucans. The enzyme containing six alterations synthesized 73% water-soluble glucan in the absence of acceptor dextran T10, while parental enzyme GTF-I synthesized no such glucan product. Conversely, when residue 589 of the GTF-S enzyme was converted from Thr to either Asp or Glu, the resulting enzyme synthesized primarily water-insoluble glucan in the absence of the acceptor. Therefore, this approach has identified several amino acid positions which influence the nature of the glucan product synthesized by GTFs.
Attitude measurement of driver's head based on accelerometer and magnetoresistive sensor (2011)

A head attitudes measurement system based on 3-axis micro-accelerometer and 3-axis micro-magnetoresistive sensor is designed and developed using for thermal imager setup of night-driving vehicle. The three attitude angles, i.e. pitch, roll and yaw, of driver's head are estimated relative to the driving vehicle in real time. In this system, the 3-axis micro-accelerometer detects the gravity field and the 3-axis micro-magnetoresistive sensor detects magnetic field. Euler orientation cosines matrix conversion theory and the relative algorithm are applied to the attitude calculation. Different from the conventional measurement to the earth, the reference coordinate system is mobile vehicle here. For this system, the geomagnetic field will be a disturbance, thus the oriented uniform magnetic field is built by permanent magnets and activity mechanical arms to eliminate the negative effect of the geomagnetic field. Moreover, the kinematical accelerations induced by the vehicle's accelerating, decelerating or vibrating are considered as disturbances, and a dual-layer filter is designed to deal with them. Finally, the experiments on vehicle are carried out, and the three-dimensional attitude angles of the driver's head relative to the driving vehicle are measured. Results prove that this measuring system not only has small size and low cost, but also has quick response and high reliability.
Perceived effectiveness of text vs. multimedia Location-Based Advertising messaging (2009)

The emergence of mobile communication and positioning technologies has presented advertisers and marketers with a radically innovative advertising channel: Location-Based Advertising (LBA). Despite the growing attention given to LBA, little is understood about the differential effects of text and multimedia advertising formats on the mobile consumer perceptions and behaviours. This exploratory study empirically examines the effects of multimedia advertisements vis-a-vis text-based advertisements on consumer perceptions and behaviours in a simulated LBA environment. A structural model was formulated to test their effects on consumer perceptions of entertainment, informativeness and irritation. Results show that multimedia LBA messages lead to more favourable attitude, increase the intention to use the LBA application, and have significant impact on purchase intention. Furthermore, this study indicates the role of multimedia as a double-edged sword: on the one hand, it suggests that multimedia impose a higher level of irritation; on the other hand, it suggests that multimedia enhance the informativeness and entertainment value of LBA. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Advances and problems in hydrocarbon exploration in the Tazhong area, Tarim Basin (2010)

在 Tarim 盆的中间定位了， Tazhong 是在发现在的油和气体的复合水库富人的一个典型区域含碳，志留纪和奥陶纪阶层。在区域的证明、可能、可能的储备(3P 储备) 等于 5 ??????? 慰敬 ?????  ??  ????????????? 吗？？
Single-dose oral naproxen for acute postoperative pain: a quantitative systematic review (2003)

BACKGROUND: Naproxen and naproxen sodium are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in a variety of painful conditions, including the treatment of postoperative pain. This review aims to assess the efficacy, safety and duration of action of a single oral dose of naproxen/naproxen sodium for moderate to severe acute postoperative pain in adults, compared with placebo. METHODS: The Cochrane Library (issue 4 2002), EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE and an in-house database were searched for randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trials of a single dose of orally administered naproxen or naproxen sodium in adults with acute postoperative pain. Pain relief or pain intensity data were extracted and converted into dichotomous information to give the number of patients with at least 50% pain relief over 4 to 6 hours. Relative benefit and number-needed-to-treat were then calculated. The percentage of patients with any adverse event, number-needed-to-harm, and time to remedication were also calculated. RESULTS: Ten trials with 996 patients in met the inclusion criteria. Six trials compared naproxen sodium 550 mg (252 patients) with placebo (248 patients); the NNT for at least 50% pain relief over six hours was 2.6 (95% confidence interval 2.2 to 3.2). There was no significant difference between the number of patients experiencing any adverse event on treatment compared with placebo. Weighted mean time to remedication was 7.6 hours for naproxen sodium 550 mg (206 patients) and 2.6 hours for placebo (205 patients). Four other trials used lower doses. CONCLUSION: A single oral dose of naproxen sodium 550 mg is an effective analgesic in the treatment of acute postoperative pain. A low incidence of adverse events was found, although these were not reported consistently.