gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repetitive DNA Elements as a Major Component of Plant Genomes (1998)

A major part of the nuclear genome of most plants is composed of different repetitive DNA elements. Studying these sequence elements is essential for our understanding of the nature and consequences of genome size variation between different species, and for studying the large-scale organization and evolution of plant genomes. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an important crop and a suitable model for such investigations: with a genome size of 0-8 pg C (760 Mbp) it contains significant amounts of all major groups of repetitive sequences among its nine chromosome pairs, but analysis is not complicated by polyploidy or the huge size of some genomes, and there are valuable genetic data, recombinant DNA libraries and wild relatives to complement studies of sequence contribution to genome size in sugar beet. A sophisticated understanding of the structure of the genome will provide valuable data about the major factors responsible for genome size variation, useful aids in the development of a molecular understanding of genome evolution, and perhaps indicate strategies for crop improvement. Using molecular and cytological approaches, we have characterized a range of differentially organized repetitive DNA sequence elements from the genomes of cultivated and wild beet species, leading to an extensive model of the repetitive DNA, its organization and evolution.
Characterization of reptile‐associated <i>Borrelia</i> sp. in the vector tick, <i>Amblyomma geoemydae</i> , and its association with Lyme disease and relapsing fever <i>Borrelia</i> spp. (2011)

The genus Borrelia is arthropod-borne infectious agents in vertebrates, and is classified into Lyme disease (LD) Borrelia spp. and Relapsing fever (RF) Borrelia spp. In addition to these Borrelia groups, we recently reported reptile-associated (REP) Borrelia spp. from reptiles and from hard-bodied ticks, which probably transmitted the REP Borrelia spp. In this study, we investigated the presence of REP Borrelia sp. in moulted ticks, and found that trans-stadial transmission of REP Borrelia sp. occurred in the midgut, while it was observed that REP Borrelia sp. entered the salivary gland during blood-feeding. This characteristic is also found in LD Borrelia spp., which are also transmitted by hard-bodied ticks. Although phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that REP Borrelia spp. are similar to RF Borrelia spp., the ecology of the spirochaetes within the vector ticks is different for REP Borrelia spp. and RF Borrelia spp. Elucidation of the evolutionary history of the genus Borrelia and its adaptation to ticks promises to be of great interest to researchers of vector-borne microorganisms.
Profiling the subjective effects of Δ<sup>9</sup>‐tetrahydrocannabinol using visual analogue scales (2014)

The subjective effects of cannabis and its main psychoactive component Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) have played an important part in determining the therapeutic potential of cannabinoid agonists and antagonists. The effects mainly consist of feeling high, changes in perception, feelings of relaxation and occasionally dysphoric reactions. These effects are captured by two of the most frequently used visual analogue scales (VASs) in clinical (pharmacologic) research to measure subjective effects: VAS Bond and Lader (alertness, calmness and mood) and VAS Bowdle (psychedelic effects). In this analysis, the effects of THC on these VASs were compared within a total of 217 subjects who participated in 10 different studies. Not surprisingly, the item feeling high was found to be the best predictor for the effect of THC. Three separate clusters that describe the spectrum of subjective effects of THC were identified using different statistical methods, consisting of VAS "time", "thoughts" and "high" ("perception"), VAS "drowsy", "muzzy", "mentally slow" and "dreamy" ("relaxation") and VAS "voices", "meaning" and "suspicious" ("dysphoria"). These results provide experimental evidence that THC can evoke different classes of effects. These distinct subjective clusters could represent effects on various systems in the brain, which can be used to further differentiate the involvement of endocannabinoid systems in health and disease.
Myth Research from the Perspective of Cross Discipline:A Review of Professor Deng Qiyao’s Myth Research (2016)

Anthropology,folklore,history,literature and other disciplines are very much concerned a-bout the myth,important humanities and social sciences scholars of mythology have studied or discussed. Based on different disciplines,profession,position,research direction,each scholar has its own interest in the myth of research orientation and path.Professor Deng Qiyao study hard for 30 years in the field of mythology,with the distinctive style and rich results.Starting from the academic experience of Professor Deng Qiyao,the study of myth can be divided into three stages.Specific analysis of the emphasis and con-tent of myth research in each stage,and from the perspective of liquidity to explore the process of its aca-demic context,and then summed up the characteristics of the myth research.
Coating BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Nanolayers on Spherical Ni Powders for Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (2003)

A nanometer‐thick BaTiO 3 coating layer has been prepared on spherical Ni. The BaTiO 3 coating effectively retards the low‐temperature sintering between Ni particles and improves the resistance against Ni oxidation. This technology provides a useful tool to fabricate highly integrated multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). The Figure shows the nanometer‐thick BaTiO 3 hollow spheres after core (Ni) removal.
Laser desorption laser photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of dyes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser desorption laser photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of dyesMichael J. Dale, Anita C. Jones, Patrick R. R. Langridge-Smith, Kevin F. Costello, and Phillip G. CumminsCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 6, 793–801Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00054a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00054a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Processable Aqueous Dispersions of Graphene Stabilized by Graphene Quantum Dots (2014)

Dispersing graphene in various solvents is one of the key technologies toward the practical applications of graphene. Herein, using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as stabilizer, aqueous dispersions of graphene with good stability were demonstrated by directly dispersing commercialized graphene powder into water. Amazingly, 100 mg of graphene powder could be stabilized by an average of merely 7.8 mg GQDs to form aqueous dispersions with a maximum concentration of up to 0.4 mg/mL and stability at least 3 months. The introduction of a small amount of GQDs also allowed for the fabrication of water-redispersible graphene slurry and powder, which would largely facilitate the transportation and applications of graphene. The mechanism of the GQDs stabilized graphene in water was proposed and experimentally verified through UV–visible spectroscopy and zeta potential measurements. Moreover, flexible graphene papers directly assembled from the water-dispersible graphene exhibited controllable thickness, good conductivity, and acceptable strength. With properties not compromised by GQDs, water-dispersible graphene is expected to be widely applicable in electrical and electrochemical device fields.
Slot-coupled meandered microstrip antenna for compactdual-frequency operation (1998)

By using a meandered rectangular patch and a slot-coupling feed, compact dual-frequency operation of microstrip antennas is achieved. In this design, the two operating frequencies are mainly controlled by the patch dimensions and the insetting slit length; a large frequency ratio (> 2.5) of the two operating frequencies can also be obtained. For fixed dual-frequency operation, an antenna size reduction as large as ~ 50% has also been obtained using the present proposed design as compared to the case using a regular rectangular patch.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the hand and wrist in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis: Comparison of dynamic contrast enhanced assessments with semi-quantitative scoring (2017)

The objective of this study was to compare the scope and the discriminative power of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) to those of semi-quantitative MRI scoring for evaluating treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in multicenter randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Sixty-one patients with active RA participated in a double-blind, parallel group, randomized, multicenter methodology study receiving infliximab or placebo through 14 weeks. The most symptomatic wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints (MCPs) were imaged using MRI. In addition to clinical assessments with DAS28(CRP), the severity of inflammation was measured as synovial leak of gadolinium based contrast agent (GBCA) using DCE-MRI (Ktrans, primary endpoint) at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 14. Two radiologists independently scored synovitis, osteitis and erosion using RA MRI Score (RAMRIS) and cartilage loss using a 9-point MRI scale (CARLOS). Infliximab showed greater decrease from baseline in DAS28(CRP), DCE-MRI Ktrans of wrist and MCP synovium, and RAMRIS synovitis and osteitis at all visits compared with placebo (p<0.001). Treatment effect sizes of infliximab therapy were similar for DAS28(CRP) (1.08; 90% CI (0.63-1.53)) and MRI inflammation endpoints: wrist Ktrans (1.00 (0.55-1.45)), RAMRIS synovitis (0.85 (0.38-1.28)) and RAMRIS osteitis (0.99 (0.52-1.43)). Damage measures of bone erosion (RAMRIS) and cartilage loss (CARLOS) were reduced with infliximab compared to with placebo at 14 weeks (p≤0.025). DCE-MRI and RAMRIS were equally sensitive and responsive to the anti-inflammatory effects of infliximab. RAMRIS and CARLOS showed suppression of erosion and cartilage loss, respectively, at 14 weeks. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT01313520).
DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE OF DECABORANE WITH DEUTERIUM OXIDE AND DEUTERIUM CHLORIDE (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDEUTERIUM EXCHANGE OF DECABORANE WITH DEUTERIUM OXIDE AND DEUTERIUM CHLORIDEM. Frederick Hawthorne and John J. MillerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 3, 754Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01536a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01536a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of a novel 2-DOF flexure hinge-based parallel micromanipulator in a polar coordinate system (2010)

Based on flexure hinges, a novel two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) compliant parallel micromanipulator driven by piezoelectric actuator (PZT) is presented in this paper. According to the designed mechanism structure, a pseudo rigid body (PRB) model is set up, and then the kinematics and statics are studied in a polar coordinate system. The workspace analysis is given subsequently according to the motion ranges of flexure hinges and actuators. To examine the static performance of the mechanism and verify the accuracy of the established kinematic model, finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out using ANSYS software. The simulation result also reveals that the mechanism has ideal linearity in terms of the kinematic and static properties.
A high-sensitivity MEMS-based accelerometer (2014)

Abstract A new generation of accelerometers based on a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) can deliver broadband (0 to 800 Hz) and high-fidelity measurements of ground motion even at a low level. Such performance has been obtained by using a closed-loop configuration and a careful design which greatly mitigates all internal mechanical and electronic noise sources. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio toward the low frequencies at which instrument noise increases, a new MEMS has been developed. It provides a significantly lower noise floor (at least −10 dB) and thus a higher dynamic range (+10 dB). This performance has been tested in an underground facility where conditions approach the minimum terrestrial noise level. This new MEMS sensor will even further improve the detection of low frequencies and of weak signals such as those that come from deep targets or from microseismic events.
Insulin-dependent covalent reassociation of isolated alpha beta heterodimeric insulin receptors into an alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric disulfide-linked complex. (1988)

The purified human placental alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric insulin receptor complex was reduced and dissociated into functional alpha beta heterodimers by a combination of alkaline pH and dithiothreitol treatment. Insulin treatment of the isolated alpha beta heterodimeric complex was observed to induce the complete reassociation to an alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric state when analyzed by nondenaturing Bio-Gel A-1.5m gel filtration chromatography. Nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 125I-insulin affinity cross-linked and 32P-autophosphorylated alpha beta heterodimers demonstrated that the insulin-dependent reassociation to the alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric state occurred both covalently and noncovalently under these conditions. Comparison by reducing and nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the insulin-dependent covalent reassociation to an alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric complex was due to the formation of a disulfide linkage(s) between the alpha beta heterodimers. beta subunit autophosphorylation of the control alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric insulin receptor preparation was maximally stimulated within 5 min of insulin preincubation and occurred exclusively in the Mr = 400,000 alpha 2 beta 2 complex. Similarly, maximal insulin-stimulated beta subunit autophosphorylation of the alpha beta heterodimeric preparation occurred within 5 min of insulin pretreatment in the Mr = 210,000 alpha beta complex. However, 4 h of insulin pretreatment of the alpha beta heterodimer preparation induced the formation (6-fold) of a covalent 32P-labeled alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric complex. Maximal stimulation of substrate phosphorylation for the alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric complex was also observed to occur within 5 min of insulin treatment, whereas maximal insulin-stimulated substrate phosphorylation of the alpha beta heterodimeric complex required greater than 4 h. These data demonstrate that (i) insulin treatment can induce the reassociation of the alpha beta heterodimeric complex into a covalent alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric state, and (ii) insulin-dependent protein kinase activation of the alpha beta heterodimeric insulin receptor correlates with the covalent reassociation into a disulfide-linked alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetrameric complex.
Current Developments in Salivary Diagnostics (2010)

Salivary diagnostics is an emerging field that has progressed through several important developments in the past decade, including the publication of the human salivary proteome and the infusion of federal funds to integrate nanotechnologies and microfluidic engineering concepts into developing compact point-of-care devices for rapid analysis of this secretion. In this article, we discuss some of these developments and their relevance to the prognosis, diagnosis and management of periodontitis, as an oral target, and cardiovascular disease, as a systemic example for the potential of these biodiagnostics. Our findings suggest that several biomarkers are associated with distinct biological stages of these diseases and demonstrate promise as practical biomarkers in identifying and managing periodontal disease, and acute myocardial infarction. The majority of these studies have progressed through biomarker discovery, with the identified molecules requiring more robust clinical studies to enable substantive validation for disease diagnosis. It is predicted that with continued advances in this field the use of a combination of biomarkers in multiplex panels is likely to yield accurate screening tools for these diagnoses in the near future.
Visualizing Early Splenic Memory CD8+ T Cells Reactivation against Intracellular Bacteria in the Mouse (2010)

Memory CD8(+) T cells represent an important effector arm of the immune response in maintaining long-lived protective immunity against viruses and some intracellular bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes (L.m). Memory CD8(+) T cells are endowed with enhanced antimicrobial effector functions that perfectly tail them to rapidly eradicate invading pathogens. It is largely accepted that these functions are sufficient to explain how memory CD8(+) T cells can mediate rapid protection. However, it is important to point out that such improved functional features would be useless if memory cells were unable to rapidly find the pathogen loaded/infected cells within the infected organ. Growing evidences suggest that the anatomy of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) fosters the cellular interactions required to initiate naive adaptive immune responses. However, very little is known on how the SLOs structures regulate memory immune responses. Using Listeria monocytogenes (L.m) as a murine infection model and imaging techniques, we have investigated if and how the architecture of the spleen plays a role in the reactivation of memory CD8(+) T cells and the subsequent control of L.m growth. We observed that in the mouse, memory CD8(+) T cells start to control L.m burden 6 hours after the challenge infection. At this very early time point, L.m-specific and non-specific memory CD8(+) T cells localize in the splenic red pulp and form clusters around L.m infected cells while naïve CD8(+) T cells remain in the white pulp. Within these clusters that only last few hours, memory CD8(+) T produce inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma and CCL3 nearby infected myeloid cells known to be crucial for L.m killing. Altogether, we describe how memory CD8(+) T cells trafficking properties and the splenic micro-anatomy conjugate to create a spatio-temporal window during which memory CD8(+) T cells provide a local response by secreting effector molecules around infected cells.
Repression of Wnt-5a impairs DDR1 phosphorylation and modifies adhesion and migration of mammary cells (2001)

The Wnt-5a gene encodes a secreted protein that controls several normal processes during embryogenesis and development of adult tissues by as yet unknown mechanisms. Endogenous expression of Wnt-5a mRNA is known to occur in both mouse and human mammary cell lines. To investigate the biological role of Wnt-5a in the human mammary epithelial cell line HB2, we used an antisense approach to repress endogenous expression of Wnt-5a protein. We also generated a cell population that constitutively overexpresses this protein. We found that overexpression of Wnt-5a protein enhanced cell-to-collagen binding and abolished hepatocyte growth factor-stimulated migration of HB2 transfectants through collagen matrices. Conversely, repression of Wnt-5a protein led to cell scattering, impaired cell-collagen interaction and enhanced cell motility. As we were searching for modified collagen receptors in antisense cells, we discovered that the collagen-binding discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) failed to undergo phosphorylation. In reciprocal experiments, phosphorylation of DDR1 was consistently enabled by expression of Wnt-5a-HA protein in non-Wnt-5a-producing MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway did not influence or mimic the Wnt-5a-mediated effect on DDR1 phosphorylation. These data demonstrate that Wnt-5a protein participates in regulation of adhesion to and migration through collagen and is also a co-factor necessary for collagen-induced activation of DDR1 receptors in mammary epithelial cells.
Backside-illuminated HgCdTe/CdTe mosaics (1978)

This paper describes the realization of new mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) detector arrays utilizing the backside-illumination design. In this approach p-type HgCdTe epilayers are grown on CdTe substrates using a liquid phase epitaxial technique. Boron ion implantation is used to form the n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> - p junction and photodiode mosaics are produced by conventional photolithographic techniques. By varying the ratio of HgTe to CdTe in the epilayers, devices with spectral cutoffs in the range of 3 to 11 µm were fabricated and tested. For diodes with noise current limited by diffusion of minority carriers the R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</inf> A product is higher than that of a bulk device fabricated under similar conditions. This can be explained by a diffusion model based on material parameters and the geometry of n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> - p diode structures.
Voice over ATM (2002)

Voice over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is part of an ongoing convergence to a single network technology that supports multimedia services and offers guaranteed quality of service (QoS). This paper explains the economic advantages of such a solution for both carrier networks and enterprise networks compared to traditionally separate circuit-switched networks. We describe how ATM supports voice traffic, as well as the various options defined by the ATM Forum and other standards bodies for voice and telephony over ATM (VTOA). We examine applications of VTOA in both carrier and enterprise network environments, and we describe the various products that form Lucent Technologies' VTOA solutions for the near term and beyond.