gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular analyses ofpicA, a plant-inducible locus on the Agrobacterium tumefaciens chromosome (1991)

The synthesis of about a dozen polypeptides of A. tumefaciens A136 was increased in the presence of crude carrot root extract in comparison to bacteria grown in AB minimal medium, as measured by one-dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. One plant-inducible locus, picA, (for plant-inducible, chromosomal), was identified by transposon Mu dI1681 mutagenesis of A. tumefaciens A136. This locus was inducible 10- to 50-fold by crude carrot root extract. Mutation of picA had no detectable effect upon bacterial growth. However, A. tumefaciens cells harboring a mutated picA locus aggregated into long "ropes" when incubated with pea root tip cells. Such aggregation was not displayed by the parental strain. In addition, a potato tuber disk virulence assay indicated that a preinduced picA mutant was more virulent than was the wild type control. These results suggested that the picA locus regulates the surface properties of the bacterium in the presence of plant cells or plant extracts. Cloning and genetic analysis of a picA::lacZ fusion defined a region of the picA promoter that is responsible for the induction of this locus. S1 nuclease mapping was used to identify the transcription initiation site of picA. Furthermore, we identified a possible negative regulator of picA expression upstream of the picA locus. This sequence, denoted pgl, has extensive homology to polygalacturonase genes from several organisms and inhibited the induction of the picA promoter when present in multiple copies in A. tumefaciens. DNA sequence analysis indicated at least two long open reading frames (ORFs) in the picA region. A preliminary characterization of the inducing compound in the carrot root extract suggests that the active substance is an acidic polysaccharide. In addition, commercial polygalacturonic acid can induce picA. When QAE-Sephadex-purified inducing component from carrot root extract was compared to that from commercial polygalacturonic acid, we found that both were eluted from the column at the same salt concentration, and that in both cases, $\beta$-galactosidase activity of the fractions correlated well with the uronic acid concentration of the fractions. These results suggested that the active factor in carrot root extract is related to polygalacturonic acid. However, the inducing compound in carrot root extract was at least 100-fold more potent for inducing picA than was commercial polygalacturonic acid, suggesting that the inducer in carrot root extract is different from polygalacturonic acid. It was calculated that the inducing compound from carrot root extract can act as an inducer at a concentration of as low as 1 $\mu$M, suggesting that it is a signal molecule, rather than a metabolite.
Increased intrahepatic and circulating levels of endoglin, a TGF‐<i>β</i>1 co‐receptor, in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: relationship to histological and serum markers of hepatic fibrosis (2006)

Endoglin, a transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 co-receptor, has been associated with renal and cutaneous fibrosis, as overexpression of this protein has been observed in biopsies from patients with glomerulosclerosis and scleroderma, respectively. Our aim was to evaluate whether endoglin may be associated with hepatic fibrosis featuring chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Fifty-two anti-HCV+ patients, five anti-HCV- patients and 27 healthy subjects were studied. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify the expression levels of endoglin and TGF-beta1 in liver biopsy samples, and serum concentrations of endoglin and hyaluronic acid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). In patients with advanced fibrosis, intrahepatic expression levels of endoglin and TGF-beta1 were significantly higher than those in patients with early fibrosis (mean: 3- and 5.8-fold, respectively) and normal liver (mean: 3.9- and 12-fold, respectively). Interestingly, activated hepatic stellate cells as well as portal and septal myofibroblasts expressed endoglin. Serum levels of endoglin were also significantly higher in patients with advanced fibrosis than in those with early fibrosis (55.5 +/- 1.6 vs 47.5 +/- 0.9 ng/mL, P < 0.001), showing a positive correlation with serum hyaluronic acid concentrations (r = 0.57, P = 0.01). In conclusion, increased intrahepatic endoglin and TGF-beta1 expression is significantly associated with progressive hepatic fibrosis in chronic HCV infection. Circulating endoglin levels are elevated in HCV patients showing a significant correlation with histological and serum markers of hepatic fibrosis. These data suggest an active role for endoglin in the fibrotic process featuring chronic HCV infection.
Electrical and reliability characteristics of an ultrathin TaO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub> gate dielectric prepared by ND<sub>3</sub> annealing of Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (2000)

This letter describes a unique process for the preparation of high quality tantalum oxynitride (TaO/sub x/N/sub y/) via the ND/sub 3/ annealing of Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/, for use in gate dielectric applications. Compared with tantalum oxide (Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/), a significant improvement in the dielectric constant was obtained by the ammonia treatment followed by light reoxidation in a wet ambient. We were able to confirm nitrogen incorporation in the tantalum oxynitride (TaO/sub x/N/sub y/) by Auger electron spectroscopy. Compared with NH/sub 3/ nitridation, tantalum oxynitride prepared by nitridation in ND/sub 3/ shows less charge trapping and larger charge-to-breakdown characteristics.
Preparation of bridgehead alkyl derivatives by Grignard coupling (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of bridgehead alkyl derivatives by Grignard couplingPaul V. R. Schleyer, Eiji Osawa, and Zdenko MajerskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 1, 205–207Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00800a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00800a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views309Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Handbook of black American health: the mosaic of conditions, issues, policies, and prospects (1994)

Foreword by David Satcher Preface List of Tables and Figures Introduction Cardiovascular and Related Chronic Conditions The Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases: An American Overview by Richard F. Gillum Coronary Artery Disease in Blacks by Charles Curry Cerebrovascular Disease in Blacks by Gary H. Friday Hypertension: A Community Perspective by Lee Bone, Martha N. Hill, and David M. Levine End-Stage Renal Disease by Camille Jones and Lawrence Y. Agodoa General Chronic Conditions Cancer and Black Americans by Ki Moon Bang Diabetes Mellitus in the African-American Population by Eugene E. Tull, Mohammed H. Makame, and Jeffrey M. Roseman Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Blacks by Ki Moon Bang Sickle Cell Disease: A Biopsychosocial Model by Kermit B. Nash and Joseph Telfair Ophthalmology in Blacks: A Survey of Major Entities by Steven McLeod and Maurice Rabb Mental and Behavior-Related Conditions AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases by Wayne Greaves Homicide, Suicide and Assaultive Violence: The Impact of Intentional Injury on the Health of African-Americans by Darnell F. Hawkins, Alexander Crosby, and Marcella Hammett Unintentional Injuries: The Problems and Some Preventive Strategies by Christine Branche-Dorsey, Julie C. Russell, Arlene I. Greenspan, and Terence L. Chorba Chemical Use and Dependency among African Americans by Gerald Groves and Omowale Amuleru-Marshall Infant Mortality and Related Issues by Feroz Ahmed Social Status, Stress, and Health: Black Americans at Risk by Ivor Lensworth Livingston The Mental Health of African-Americans: Findings, Questions, and Directions by David Williams and Brenda Fenton Nutrition Concerns of Black Americans by Deborah Blocker Socio-Political Conditions and Related Issues The Epidemiology of Homelessness in Black America by Gregg Barak The Physical, Psychological, and Social Health of Black Older Americans by Ron C. Manuel Urban Infrastructure: Social, Environmental, and Health Risks to African Americans by Robert D. Bullard Black Children: Growth, Development, and Health by Dionne J. Jones and Veronica A. Roberts Black Health Care Providers and Related Professionals: Issues of Underrepresentation and Change by John O. Ukawuilulu and Ivor Lensworth Livingston Legal and Social Policy Issues Politics and Health: The Coming Agenda for a Multi-Racial And Multi-Cultural Society by Stephanie Kong, B. Waine Kong, and Singleton McAllister Barriers to Health Services Utilization and African Americans by Woodrow Jones, Jr. and Antonio A. Rene Improving the Health Status of African Americans: Empowerment as Health Education Intervention by Collins O. Airhihenbuwa and Agatha Lowe Improving the Health of the Black Community: Outlook for the Future by Ivor Lensworth Livingston and J. Jacques Carter
A One-Step Method for Detecting and Typing Human Papillomavirus DNA in Cervical Scrape Specimens from Women with Cervical Dysplasia (1987)

We studied 66 women with a previous dysplastic cervical cytological smear who were referred for colposcopy and biopsy for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, and 31 DNA in cervical specimens. The specimens were analyzed by a novel hybridization method termed reverse blotting, in which cellular DNA is radiolabeled and used to probe a battery of cloned HPV DNAs immobilized on nitrocellulose. Reconstruction experiments demonstrated that this method could detect about one HPV genome equivalent per cell. HPV DNA sequences were detected in 52 (96%) of 54 patients who showed either condylomatous changes or dysplasia by cervical biopsy. HPV-16 was most commonly detected overall and was detected in 61% of moderate or severe dysplastic samples. HPV DNA was also detected in seven of 12 cervical scrapes from women with a history of dysplasia but with either normal or inflammatory changes noted on cervical biopsy. Our results indicate that the reverse-blot method can detect DNA homologous to various HPV types in a single experiment using DNA from the small numbers of cells obtained by cervical scraping.
Electrooptical Q-switching technique for randomly polarized laser sources (1972)

A technique is discussed for electrooptically Q-switching a laser source without the necessity of linearly polarizing the laser energy in the optical resonator.
Parallel binary search (1990)

Two arrays of numbers sorted in nondecreasing order are given: an array A of size n and an array B of size m, where n<m. It is required to determine, for every element of A, the smallest element of B (if one exists) that is larger than or equal to it. It is shown how to solve this problem on the EREW PRAM (exclusive-read exclusive-write parallel random-access machine) in O(logm logn/log log m) time using n processors. The solution is then extended to the case in which fewer than n processors are available. This yields an EREW PRAM algorithm for the problem whose cost is O(n log m, which is O(m)) for n<or=m/log m. It is shown how the solution obtained leads to an improved parallel merging algorithm.<<ETX>>
Molecular Detection of Cytokeratin-19–Positive Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Operable Breast Cancer: Evaluation of Their Prognostic Significance (2002)

Molecular detection of CK-19 mRNA-positive cells by RT-PCR in the peripheral blood of patients with stages I and II breast cancer before initiation of adjuvant therapy has independent prognostic value as a marker of poor clinical outcome.
Robotium Automated Testing for Android (2013)

This is a step-by-step, example-oriented tutorial aimed at illustrating the various test scenarios and automation capabilities of Robotium.If you are an Android developer who is learning how to create test cases to test their application, and are looking to get a good grounding in different features in Robotium, this book is ideal for you. It's assumed that you have some experience in Android development, as well be familiar with the Android test framework, as Robotium is a wrapper to Android test framework.
Blockchain-Enabled Integrated Market Platform for Contract Production (2020)

Contract production and transaction are very common and important since it can greatly reduce future uncertainty and is well-organized by buyers, sellers, and trusted third parties (TTPs). However, current commodity trading systems (such as spot, futures, and forward contract) are still traditional centralized structures, which means that there may always be concerned about the single point of failure and data corruption. Besides, even though there already exists fragmentary decentralized applications (DApps) for the marketplace, order management, resale, delivery, financing, and insurance, they are not integrated for operating contract production and transaction comprehensively. In this work, a blockchain-enabled integrated marketing platform (BeIMP) is proposed for contract production and transactions. BeIMP is a consortium blockchain (CsBc) framework that enables better safety, efficiency, and interoperability among stakeholders. BeIMP can directly match producers and consumers and reduce the problem of intermediaries' improper market operation. BeIMP has a three-tier risk diversification mechanism. First, both parties can know the quantity and price according to the contract specification (CSpec) in advance to avoid future uncertainty. Second, the buyers can resell the established order if they need, thereby diversifying the risk. Third, the concept of insurance is introduced to reduce force majeure and other systemic risks. BeIMP can also help producers get the loan from the financial institution (FI) if they need fund for production. We implement and demonstrate the prototype in contract farming (CF) first and discuss its generalizability to other scenarios. Experiment results show that the smart contract (SC) function is stable enough and the proof of authority (PoA) has the advantage in throughput and can give users a better experience.
“Colored” Noise Waveforms and Quadrupole Excitation for the Dynamic Range Expansion of Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (1996)

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry offers unparalleled analytical performance in most regards but has a dynamic range of typically no better than 10(2)-10(3). This limitation reportedly arises from two opposing constraints, involving the maximum number of ions that can be effectively trapped (10(6)-10(7)) and the minimum number of ions required to produce a detectable signal (10(2)-10(3)). A potential solution to this dynamic range limitation is presented, based on the application of selected-ion accumulation using quadrupole excitation. We show that lower concentration species can be effectively accumulated in the FTICR trapped ion cell, while the more abundant species are continually removed by the application of quadrupolar excitation in the form of band-limited or "colored" noise waveforms. The result is that "room" is made in the cell for lower abundance species, even during extended accumulation periods. This approach was demonstrated with mixtures of the bovine proteins, insulin, ubiquitin, and cytochrome c. For normal accumulation, the dynamic range was approximately 100. The application of selected-ion accumulation in the form of colored noise allowed the extension by 2 orders of magnitude and the detection of species of 1 x 10(-8) M concentration from a solution also containing another component at 9 x 10(-5) M. With this method, a putative new low abundance variant of bovine insulin was observed, and selected-ion accumulation and subsequent collisionally activated dissociation were used for its identification. Dipolar magnetron excitation was also explored to enhance selected-ion accumulation and was found to reduce the amount of buffer gas required for complete removal of the undesired species by a factor of 5. Further possible improvements are discussed, as are the complications due to the required balance between magnetron and cyclotron damping rates.
Design, development and test of a capillary pump loop heat pipe (1984)

The development of a capillary pump loop (CPL) heat pipe, including computer modeling and breadboard testing, is presented. The computer model is a SINDA-type thermal analyzer, combined with a pressure analyzer, which predicts the transients of the CPL heat pipe during operation. The breadboard is an aluminum/ammonia transport system which contains multiple parallel evaporator and condenser zones within a single loop. Test results have demonstrated the practicality and reliability of such a design, including heat load sharing among evaporators, liquid inventory/temperature control feature, and priming under load. Transport capability for this system is 65 KW-M with individual evaporator pumps managing up to 1.7 KW at a heat flux of 15 W/sq cm. The prediction of the computer model for heat transport capabilities is in good agreement with experimental results.
Identification of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> genes expressed early during sporulation (1989)

Labelled cDNA transcribed in vitro from early-sporulation RNA was enriched for sporulation-specific sequences by subtractive hybridization to an excess of vegetative RNA and used to probe libraries of Bacillus subtilis chromosomal DNA. From the initial collection of clones that coded for RNAs transcribed preferentially during sporulation, several were subcloned and studied in more detail. It was found that two clones contained sequences (dciA and dciB) that had an undetectable level of transcription during vegetative growth but had transcripts that started to appear no later than eight minutes after induction of sporulation. A third DNA segment (dciC) was expressed at a low level in vegetative cells and increased within four minutes after induction of sporulation. The effects of spoO mutations, i.e. mutations that prevent cells from reaching stage I of the sporulation process, were tested. Induction of the dciA and dciB transcripts was significantly reduced in strains carrying mutations in the spoOA and spoOH genes but not in a spoOB mutant strain. In addition, a product of the abrB locus, a locus in which mutations are known to partially overcome the pleiotropic effect of spoOA and spoOB mutations, seemed to be required for dciA and dciB expression.
[Antenatal diagnosis of the sex of the fetus by diagnostic ultrasound (echography) (author's transl)]. (1979)

The authors present the results they obtained in diagnosing fetal sex in utero by the use of real-time echography. They also have reviewed the other different techniques for the diagnosis and their fallibility. The prediction of fetal sex is possible in 90 p. 100 of echographies carried out routinely. When a very careful well codified technique is used the method becomes highly reliable. In a successive series of 103 pregnancies fetal sex was diagnosed correctly in every case. The authors point out that they diagnose female sex through positive echographic finding and not by a process of exclusion of the male organs.
An improved real-time cine Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) imaging method at 3T (2011)

A real-time Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) MRI technique (free breathing and non-gated) is presented for detection of myocardial scars. Conventional LGE imaging methods currently in use are applied in conjunction with breath-hold and, thus, are difficult to use in patients with cardiac disease and may lead to motion artifacts. Additionally, conventional techniques involve ECG gating, which is problematic in patients with arrhythmias requiring multiple breath holds and use of arrhythmia rejection techniques. Finally, conventional LGE techniques require accurate estimates for the inversion time in order to null the normal myocardium, revealing the location of the scar with high contrast. Real-time LGE imaging obviates these difficulties and can, in principle, acquire cine images to assess wall motion over several heart phases as part of the same scan. To date, the main limitation of real-time LGE imaging has been long acquisition window and low temporal resolution. These limitations lead to temporal blurring of wall motion and possible overestimation of infarct size. The goal of this study was to increase the temporal resolution of real-time, cine LGE imaging, providing the possibility for better visualization of the wall motion and more accurate assessment of myocardial viability.
Linear stability of symplectic maps (1987)

A general method is presented for analytically calculating linear stability limits for symplectic maps of arbitrary dimension in terms of the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial and the Krein signatures. Explicit results are given for dimensions 4, 6, and 8. The codimension and unfolding are calculated for all cases having a double eigenvalue on the unit circle. The results are applicable to many physical problems, including the restricted three-body problem and orbital stability in particle accelerators.