gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deployment of Swelling Elastomer Packers in Shell E&P (2005)

Abstract In Shell Exploration & Production, swelling elastomers have been deployed in a variety of applications: as a means to establish zonal isolation in liner completions, as a production separation packer, and as an integral part of an expandable open hole clad. In these applications, the elastomers have been run in various open hole, casing, and tubing sizes. A total of around 60 deployments in Shell have been recorded, all of which were technically successful. Case examples of each of the three mentioned applications will be presented from Shell operations in the North Sea, the Middle East, and the Far East.
Achieving speed and flexibility by separating management from protection (2004)

The modern operating system is currently caught in a tug-of-war between two forces. At one end, there is a force that is demanding that the operating system become more flexible to handle the needs of evolving hardware and evolving user applications. At the other end, there is a force that is demanding that the operating system become more efficient to meet the needs of faster hardware. If the modern operating system does not keep pace with these two forces, it could cause the progress in computer design to become stagnant. One possible solution to this problem is the Exokernel Operating System - an extensible (or easily modifiable) operating system developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Extensibility allows the operating system to be flexible to change and also open to optimization. Extensibility within an operating system has resulted in several new issues. For example, extensibility seems to make customer-support harder to provide. Furthermore, some multithreaded applications perform worse in an extensible environment. Lastly, some have argued that it is optimization, not extensibility, that should be credited for the enhanced operating system speeds. In this paper, we discuss the Exokernel Operating System with some detail. We explore some of the issues that have kept the Exokernel design from being the main-stream approach. We propose solutions to these issues and we conclude by trying to motivate the reader to embrace the Exokernel approach.
Sixty-Day Infusions of Somatotropin-Releasing Factor Stimulate Milk Production in Dairy Cows (1990)

Twenty-four Holstein cows were infused intravenously with sterile water (placebo) or 1,3, or 12 mg of recombinant bovine somatotropin-releasing factor 1-45-homoserine lactone/d for 60 d. Relative to placebo (22.8 kg/d), 3 and 12 mg of somatotropin-releasing factor increased yield of milk to 28.8 and 33.3 kg/d during infusion. At 1 mg of somatotropin-releasing factor, milk averaged 27.5 kg/d during infusion but was increased above placebo only through 39 d. After infusion of 12 mg somatotropin-releasing factor ended, milk (26.4 kg/d) remained above placebo amounts (20.6 kg/d) for 15 d. Three and 12 mg of somatotropin-releasing factor increased serum somatotropin from .7 (placebo) to 8.2 and 10.3 ng/ml when averaged across 1, 30, and 59 d, whereas 1 mg increased somatotropin to 5.8 ng/ml after 1 d but had no effect at 30 or 59 d. Within 17 h of cessation of somatotropin-releasing factor infusion, serum concentrations of somatotropin were similar across all groups. On d 59, 3 and 12 mg infusions increased insulin-like growth factor I from 115.8 (placebo) to 204.7 and 261.4 ng/ml of serum. We conclude that somatotropin-releasing factor increased serum concentrations of somatotropin and milk yield in a dose-dependent manner for at least 60 d. Also galactopoietic effects of somatotropin-releasing factor persisted for 15 d independent of increased concentrations of somatotropin in serum following withdrawal of somatotropin-releasing factor.
Antiviral Activities of Oral 1-<i>O</i>-Hexadecylpropanediol-3-Phosphoacyclovir and Acyclovir in Woodchucks with Chronic Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Infection (2000)

Acyclovir triphosphate is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase, but acyclovir treatment provides no benefit in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. This is due in part to the fact that hepatitis B virus, unlike herpes simplex virus, does not code for a viral thymidine kinase which catalyzes the initial phosphorylation of acyclovir. We synthesized 1-O-octadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho (3-P)-acyclovir and found that it was highly active in reducing hepatitis B virus replication in 2.2. 15 cells, while acyclovir was inactive. The greater antiviral activity of 1-O-octadecyl-sn-glycero-3-P-acyclovir appeared to be due to liver cell metabolism of the compound to acyclovir monophosphate (K. Y. Hostetler et al., Biochem. Pharmacol. 53:1815-1822, 1997). However, a closely related compound without a hydroxyl group at the sn-2 position of glycerol, 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir, was more active and selective in 2.2.15 cells in vitro. In this study, we treated woodchucks chronically infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus with increasing oral doses of 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir and assessed the response to therapy versus acyclovir or a placebo. At a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight twice a day, the test compound significantly inhibited viral replication in vivo, as indicated by a 95% reduction in serum woodchuck hepatitis virus DNA levels and by a 54% reduction in levels of woodchuck hepatitis virus replicative intermediates in the liver. Higher doses were somewhat less effective. In contrast, 20 mg of acyclovir/kg twice daily, a 5. 3-fold-higher molar dosage, had no demonstrable activity against woodchuck hepatitis virus. Oral 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir appeared to be safe and effective in chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection.
Low Hydrogen Overpotential Nanocrystalline Ni‐Mo Cathodes for Alkaline Water Electrolysis (1991)

Nanocrystalline fcc metallic powders prepared by high energy mechanical alloying were found to possess electrocatalytic activities for the hydrogen evolution reaction in 30 weight percent at 70°C equivalent to that of the best electrocatalysts. The formation process and the structural properties of these nanocrystalline alloys were investigated. The active phase is a metastable solid solution of Mo in fcc Ni whose electrocatalytic activity is associated with the reduction in the size of the crystallites and correlates with the expansion of the Ni lattice.
[Experimental gluing of the pleural cavity]. (1979)

In experimental research on rabbits the authors assessed the usefulness of tissue adhesive-GRF in obtaining tissue union in the pleural cavity to replace aspiration drainage after thoracosurgical operations. The experiments were carried out on rabbits under general anaesthesia in two groups. First group had thoracotomy and after expansion of the lungs the chest was closed tightly. In second group after thoracotomy the lungs were stabilized with gelatin-resorcin-formaldehyde glue. Aspiration drainage was not used. The observation included: radiologic examination, measurements of pulmonary ventilation using Wright's volumometer and gasometric determination. Moreover the alveolar-capillary oxygen difference and the percent of lung shunt were determined. The authors underline good function glued lungs.
Antigen expression from cloned genes of Mycoplasma hyorhinis: an approach to mycoplasma genomic analysis. (1984)

Cloned DNA segments of the Mycoplasma hyorhinis genome have been identified by specific immunological detection of gene products expressed in Escherichia coli. Individual, distinct segments collectively representing greater than 10% of the genome each synthesize multiple proteins, some of which are immunogenic. Molecular genetic and immunologic tools have identified mycoplasma genomic fragments useful in 1) generating and analyzing specific, isolated mycoplasma gene products, 2) studying structure and expression of specific mycoplasma genes, and 3) generating specific gene probes. Immunological detection provides the potential for preselection of specific genes of interest.
Outer Membrane Proteins and DNA Profiles in Strains of<i>Haemophilus parasuis</i>Recovered from Systemic and Respiratory Sites (2001)

Polyserositis caused by Haemophilus parasuis is an important disease that affects mostly weaned pigs. Recent studies have shown that virulence can differ among strains recovered from distinct body sites and also that it may be related to the presence of certain outer membrane proteins (OMPs). The objective of this study was to compare the OMP and DNA profiles of H. parasuis strains isolated from systemic and respiratory sites from diseased and healthy pigs. Strains evaluated in this study were processed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and repetitive-PCR techniques. Two experiments were conducted in order to better define the relationship among genotype, phenotype, and site of isolation. Experiment 1 included 53 H. parasuis isolates recovered from healthy and diseased pigs from unrelated herds. Experiment 2 included 31 isolates of H. parasuis obtained from diseased pigs involved in an outbreak in a large, multifarm system. Results showed that strains recovered from systemic sites had more homogeneous OMP and DNA profiles than those isolated from respiratory sites. Evaluation of isolates involved in the multifarm outbreak showed that only two H. parasuis strains were causing disease. These strains had homogeneous OMP and DNA profiles. However, it was noted that these two parameters were unrelated, since strains classified in the same genotype group expressed different OMP profiles. The homogeneity of OMP and DNA profiles of strains isolated from systemic sites strongly suggests the existence of clonal relationships between virulent strains and also suggests that expression of certain OMP profiles may be related to virulence.
Digital Imaging for Online Monitoring and Control of Industrial Snack Food Processes (2003)

Results from the implementation of an online color imaging system on industrial snack food production lines are presented. Feature information is extracted from images using multivariate image analysis based on principal component analysis and is used to develop models to predict the coating content and the coating distribution on the products. The imaging system is used to monitor these product quality variables and to detect and diagnose operational problems in the plants. It is also used to directly implement closed-loop feedback control over the coating concentration.
Laser high performance liquid chromatography determination of prostaglandins in nasal lavage fluid in allergic rhinitis (1994)

This study was designed to analyse prostaglandins (PGs) in human nasal lavage fluid using the combination of microcolumn high performance liquid chromatography and a He/Cd laser induced fluorescence detection system. Forty-seven patients with allergic rhinitis and 12 healthy volunteers were investigated. Four species of PG, i.e. PGD2, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were detected in the nasal lavage fluid. Concentrations of PGD2 (1.33 +/- 0.17 nmol/ml) and PGE2 (0.87 +/- 0.11 nmol/ml) in nasal lavage fluid from patients with allergic rhinitis (the allergy group) were significantly increased compared with those of volunteers (the control group, 0.23 +/- 0.16 nmol/ml, 0.29 +/- 0.19 nmol/ml, respectively). On the other hand, no significant differences were observed in concentrations of either PGF2 alpha or 6-keto-PGF1 alpha between the control group and the allergy group. Histamine concentration in nasal lavage fluid was significantly increased in the allergy group (53 +/- 7.6 nmol/l) compared with the control group (3.4 +/- 1.0 nmol/l). No significant correlation was observed between PGD2 and histamine concentration (r = 0.24), or between PGE2 and histamine concentration (r = 0.08) in nasal lavage fluid from patients with allergic rhinitis. Treatment with oxatomide, an anti-histamine and anti-allergic drug, significantly improved symptom scores, but did not alleviate them completely. Concentrations of each PG detected in nasal lavage fluid did not change significantly after oxatomide treatment. It is concluded that, not only histamine but also PGs, particularly PGD2 and PGE2, might be involved in the genesis of allergic rhinitis.
Nerve growth factor‐mediated regulation of pain signalling and proposed new intervention strategies in clinical pain management (2012)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the founding member of the neurotrophins family of proteins. It was discovered more than half a century ago through its ability to promote sensory and sympathetic neuronal survival and axonal growth during the development of the peripheral nervous system, and is the paradigmatic target-derived neurotrophic factor on which the neurotrophic hypothesis is based. Since that time, NGF has also been shown to play a key role in the generation of acute and chronic pain and in hyperalgesia in diverse pain states. NGF is expressed at high levels in damaged or inflamed tissues and facilitates pain transmission by nociceptive neurons through a variety of mechanisms. Genetic mutations in NGF or its tyrosine kinase receptor TrkA, lead to a congenital insensitivity or a decreased ability of humans to perceive pain. The hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathies (HSANs) encompass a spectrum of neuropathies that affect one's ability to perceive sensation. HSAN type IV and HSAN type V are caused by mutations in TrkA and NGF respectively. This review will focus firstly on the biology of NGF and its role in pain modulation. We will review neuropathies and clinical presentations that result from the disruption of NGF signalling in HSAN type IV and HSAN type V and review current advances in developing anti-NGF therapy for the clinical management of pain.
Blood Pressure Trajectories in Early Adulthood and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Middle Age (2014)

Blood pressure trajectories throughout young adulthood vary, and higher BP trajectories were associated with an increased risk of CAC in middle age. Long-term trajectories in BP may assist in more accurate identification of individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis.
Approaches for integrating task and data parallelism (1998)

Languages that support task and data parallelism are highly general and can exploit both forms of parallelism in a single application. However, cleanly integrating the two forms of parallelism in a programming model is difficult. The authors describe four programming systems that attempt such an integration: Fx, Opus, data-parallel Orca, and Braid.
Using Multimodal Cues to Analyze MLA'14 Oral Presentation Quality Corpus (2014)

The ability of making presentation slides and delivering them effectively to convey information to the audience is a task of increasing importance, particularly in the pursuit of both academic and professional career success. We envision that multimodal sensing and machine learning techniques can be employed to evaluate, and potentially help to improve the quality of the content and delivery of public presentations. To this end, we report a study using the Oral Presentation Quality Corpus provided by the 2014 Multimodal Learning Analytics (MLA) Grand Challenge. A set of multimodal features were extracted from slides, speech, posture and hand gestures, as well as head poses. We also examined the dimensionality of the human scores, which could be concisely represented by two Principal Component (PC) scores, comp1 for delivery skills and comp2 for slides quality. Several machine learning experiments were performed to predict the two PC scores using multimodal features. Our experiments suggest that multimodal cues can predict human scores on presentation tasks, and a scoring model comprising both verbal and visual features can outperform that using just a single modality.
The Cost of Ordering (1990)

The utilization of traditional purchasing management methods and techniques should be reviewed on a timely basis to ensure that necessary changes are made as time and circumstances dictate. In this article, the authors report the results of a study to evaluate current uses of cost of ordering figures, the actual dollar values used for the cost of ordering, and how these values are determined. The results indicate that for most firms studied, there has been little, if any, change in the use and determination of the order cost value since the development of the classical EOQ model in 1913.
Multifunctional Surfaces with Outstanding Mechanical Stability on Glass Substrates by Simple H<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>-Based Vapor Etching (2013)

Mechanically robust antireflective glass surfaces play an important role in the performance of many optical and optoelectronic devices. In this paper, we have demonstrated a simple method to create a high performance wide-range antireflective layer on glass surface by H2SiF6-based vapor etching at low temperature (5-20 °C). The maximum transmittance of 99.0% was achieved under optimal etching conditions. Scratch tests showed that the surface had excellent mechanical strength, and its pencil hardness is above 6H. After 2 month outdoor exposure, the as-etched glass showed remarkable stability in their antireflection property. The as-etched glass was endowed superhydrophilic and antifogging property after annealing and O2-plasma treatment, which provide an additional advantage for operating outdoors or in high-humidity environments. The composition, morphology, and formation mechanism of the hierarchically nanostructured surface were discussed in detail on the basis of experimental results. A new mechanism was proposed to account for the etching-morphology relationship.
Electrical properties of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>system (1980)

Extensive electrical resistivity and Seebeck-coefficient measurements are reported for ${({\mathrm{V}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{x})}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ single-crystal alloys in the range $0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.1$. For $0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.005$ a metal-insulator transition is encountered at 150-170 K which coincides with the onset of antiferromagnetic ordering. Above room temperature there is a gradual transition to a second metallic phase. The resistivity of the metallic phase at a fixed temperature increases by three orders of magnitude on changing the Cr content from 0 to 1.8 at.%, while the Seebeck coefficient remains virtually unaltered. For fixed alloy composition $0.005<x<0.018$, increasing temperature produces three transitions: The alloy is an antiferromagnetic insulator (AFI) at low temperatures, a metal ($M$) at intermediate temperatures, a paramagnetic insulator ($I$) at higher temperature, and then reverts back to a quasimetallic state (${M}^{\ensuremath{'}}$) at elevated temperatures. The $M\ensuremath{-}I$ transformation is accompanied by unusually large hysteresis effects. For $0.018\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.1$ only the AFI, $I$, and ${M}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ phases are encountered. These findings can be accounted for in a semiempirical manner in terms of a Fermi level for the $M$ phase that intersects a local minimum in the density of states, which deepens further and ultimately gives rise to a band gap, either as $x$ is increased past the critical value of 0.0177 at fixed temperature $T$, or as $T$ is changed at constant $x$. The band gap, generated when the $I$ phase appears, is probably due to a Hubbard-type transition that is strongly affected by electron-phonon interactions; it then closes self-consistently with a further increase in $T$. The band gap obtained on cooling is associated with the onset of antiferromagnetic ordering. The generally accepted phase diagram for the system has been amended to include the existence above 450 K of another phase (${M}^{\ensuremath{'}}$) which is either a metal or a highly degenerate semiconductor.
Probing Water-Temperature Relationships for Lipase-Catalyzed Lactone Ring-Opening Polymerizations (2002)

Polymerizations of ε-CL catalyzed by Novozyme-435 (immobilized Lipase B from Candida antarctica) were studied at temperatures between 20 and 108 °C. The monomer conversion to polymer was remarkably rapid at ambient temperature. At 20 °C by 7 h, ε-CL conversion and product Mn were >97% and 17 800, respectively. Contrary to previous reports, the number of chains formed, as well as the product molecular weight, was almost identical for polymerizations at constant enzyme water content between 60 and 108 °C. Thus, differences in reaction temperature over a 48 °C range did not “free” water from “bound” states so that it could function for chain initiation. At 60 °C, variation in the enzyme water content from 0.6 to 1.9% increased the number of chains formed but did not change the polymerization propagation kinetics. Therefore, the enzyme water content and not the reaction temperature regulated the product molecular weight. In contrast, at 108 °C, an increase in the reaction water content from 0.6 to 1.8% increased both the number of chains and the polymerization propagation kinetics. Explanations for these differences in behavior as a function of temperature and water contents are discussed.
Phonetic name matching for cross-lingual Spoken Sentence Retrieval (2008)

Cross-lingual Spoken Sentence Retrieval (CLSSR) remains a challenge, especially for queries including OOV words such as person names. This paper proposes a simple method of fuzzy matching between query names and phones of candidate audio segments. This approach has the advantage of avoiding some word decoding errors in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Experiments on Mandarin-English CLSSR show that phone-based searching and conventional translation-based searching are complementary. Adding phone matching achieved 26.29% improvement on F-measure over searching on state-of-the-art Machine Translation (MT) output and 8.83% over Entity Translation (ET) output.
Oxathiazinondioxide, eine neue Gruppe von Süßstoffen (1973)

Abstract 1,2,3‐Oxathiazin‐4( 3H )‐on‐2,2‐dioxide, an C‐5 und C‐6 mit niedrigen Alkylresten substituiert, sind potentielle Süßstoffe. Sie entstehen aus Chlor‐ oder Fluorsulfonylisocyanat mit Acetylenen, Ketonen, β‐Diketonen, β‐Oxocarbonsäureestern und Benzylvinyläthern über die gemeinsame Zwischenstufe der N ‐Halogensulfonyl‐β‐oxocarbonsäureamide.