gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Myrosinase in Rapeseed Tissues (1991)

Immunocytochemical studies on Brassica napus (rapeseed) tissues using a monoclonal antibody against myrosinase (thioglucoside glucohydrolase) showed that the enzyme was only present in a small number of cells. In the developing embryo, scattered myrosinase-containing cells were present in both cotyledons and axis. The enzyme accumulated in these cells during the later stages of seed development, approximately from day 20 until day 40 after pollination. Parallel staining with the immunocytochemical technique and a histochemical method identified these cells as myrosin cells. Myrosinase appeared to be located outside the myrosin grains, although the occasional association with the membrane of the grains also was noted. In leaves, petals, and siliques, scattered parenchyma cells were stained in the mesophyll as well as in the vascular tissue. In young leaves, guard cells also contained myrosinase. The enzyme was also present in xylem cells of the stem.
The Pioneer 8 Cosmic Dust Experiment (1969)

A cosmic dust sensor comprising a unique array of sensors, sensor controls, and in-flight calibrations was placed in a heliocentric orbit (0.99 to 1.088 a.u.) on 13 December 1967 on board the Pioneer 8 satellite. The ionization and momentum imparted by the impact of a cosmic dust particle upon a surface are measured by the sensor and used to determine the particle's direction, speed, and mass. Prelaunch calibration studies using the Goddard Space Flight Center electrostatic accelerator have shown that the sensors can measure kinetic energies of impacting particles as low as 0.6 ergs and momenta as low as 2×10−5 dynes·sec.
Foreword to <u>Young Engineers</u> (1972)

The Soviet Union has more engineers — some three million — employed in its national economy than does any other nation in the world. In the past, increasing the quantity of trained professional engineers has been considered so crucial for national economic and technological development that an emphasis on the sheer numbers of engineers graduated from technical institutes may be said to have led to an overweighting of the labor force with engineers. But in recent years, shifts in economic policy toward an intensive use of specialized labor resources, and away from an earlier reliance on the extensive use of unskilled as well as skilled labor, have served to counterbalance the traditional Soviet emphasis on numbers of trained engineers. Currently, there is much discussion in the USSR about the quality of scientific manpower, and consequently about the quality of engineering education provided by technical institutes.
Quantitative reduction of 2,3,4-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride by hamster trachea organ cultures: effects of Mycoplasma pneumoniae cells and membranes (1976)

The ability of Mycoplasma pneumoniae cells and membranes to affect tetrazolium reduction by hamster trachea organ cultures was evaluated. Uninfected trachea explants reduced 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and nitro-blue tetrazolium when incubated at 37 C in the absence of air. Reduced tetrazolium salts (formazans) were extractable with acetone or ethylene glycol and could be quantitated spectrophotometrically. The optimal assay system involved the use of three or more tracheal rings incubated for 2 h in 0.12% TTC in Tyrode balanced salts supplemented with 1.2% sodium succinate. Formazan was extracted for 5 min with acetone, and the optical density (490 nm) was determined. Trachea explants with metabolic activity reduced or obliterated by freeze-thaw lysis, heat (56 C X 30 min), or cyanide (0.1 M NaCN X 30 min) had negligible ciliary activity and tetrazolium reduction activity (optical density at 490 nm [dry weight]). Tracheas exposed to mycoplasma cells or membranes also showed significantly decreased ciliary activity and tetrazolium reduction; e.g., only 5pc of the ciliary activity and reduction capacity remained after 5 days in culture when infected with M. pneumonia PI 1428 cells. The data indicate that the exposure of ciliated respiratory epithelium to mycoplasma cells or membranes results in diminished oxidative metabolism, and that the ability to reduce TTC to its formazan is correlated with relative ciliary activity.
Acid‐catalyzed rearrangements of 6‐(<i>p</i>‐tolyhydrazino)‐2‐thiouraeil (1979)

Abstract The action of acid on 6‐( p ‐tolylhydrazino)‐2‐thiouracil gives appreciable amounts of the stable Fischer intermediate, 5‐(2 ‐amino‐5 ‐tolyl)‐6‐amino‐2‐thiouracil. This compound undergoes intramolecular cyclization at high temperatures, and represents the first reported isolation of a diamine intermediate derived from a Fischer‐type indolization reaction.
The Emotional Evaluation Model and Retrievals of Color Pattern Based on Adaptive Fuzzy System (2000)

In this paper, we propose the design methodology of target tracking system using fuzzy basis functionexpansion(FBFE) based on genetic algorithm. In general, the objective of target tracking is to estimate the future trajectory of the target based on the past position of the target obtained from the sensor. In the conventional and mathematical nonlinear filtering method such as extended Kalman filter(EKF), the performance of the system may be deteriorated in highly nonlinear situations. Moreover, in the case of non-maneuvering target we can obtain a good performance, but in the case of maneuvering target we can not. Toresolve these problems of nonlinear filtering, by appling artificial intelligent technique to the tracking control of moving targets, we combine the advantages of both traditional and intelligent control technique. In the proposed method, by composing training datum with the parameters of extended Kalman filter, by combining FBFE to have a strong approximate ability with genetic algorithm and by identifying the parameters and rule numbers of fuzzy basis function simultaneously, we can reduce the tracking error of EKF. Finally, the proposed method is applied to three dimensional tracking problem, and the simulation results shows that the tracking performance is improved by the proposed method.
TOOKAD® Soluble focal therapy: pooled analysis of three phase II studies assessing the minimally invasive ablation of localized prostate cancer (2015)

Focal VTP treatment with TOOKAD(®) Soluble at 4 mg/kg and 200 J/cm resulted in a negative 6-month biopsy rate of 68.4 % for the whole population and 80.6 % for patients treated by hemiablation with LDI ≥ 1. The treatment was well tolerated. Two phase III studies will reach completion in early 2015.
Towards correlative super‐resolution fluorescence and electron cryo‐microscopy (2016)

Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) has become a powerful tool in life sciences. Particularly cryo-CLEM, the combination of fluorescence cryo-microscopy (cryo-FM) permitting for non-invasive specific multi-colour labelling, with electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) providing the undisturbed structural context at a resolution down to the Ångstrom range, has enabled a broad range of new biological applications. Imaging rare structures or events in crowded environments, such as inside a cell, requires specific fluorescence-based information for guiding cryo-EM data acquisition and/or to verify the identity of the structure of interest. Furthermore, cryo-CLEM can provide information about the arrangement of specific proteins in the wider structural context of their native nano-environment. However, a major obstacle of cryo-CLEM currently hindering many biological applications is the large resolution gap between cryo-FM (typically in the range of ∼400 nm) and cryo-EM (single nanometre to the Ångstrom range). Very recently, first proof of concept experiments demonstrated the feasibility of super-resolution cryo-FM imaging and the correlation with cryo-EM. This opened the door towards super-resolution cryo-CLEM, and thus towards direct correlation of structural details from both imaging modalities.
A Monte Carlo Simulation for the X-ray Detection Efficiency of a Multi-Cell Proportional Counter (1998)

The X-ray astronomy team of the Korea Astronomy Observatory (KAO) is planning to develop a multi-cell proportional counter, adopting an anti-coincidence method to reduce its internal background. We have developed a Monte Carlo code to determine the X-ray detection efficiency of the counter. As a check of our code, we successfully reproduced the detection efficiency of Ginga/LAC. In this paper, we report the simulation results for the counter being considered in KAO.
TALEN outperforms Cas9 in editing heterochromatin target sites (2021)

Genome editing critically relies on selective recognition of target sites. However, despite recent progress, the underlying search mechanism of genome-editing proteins is not fully understood in the context of cellular chromatin environments. Here, we use single-molecule imaging in live cells to directly study the behavior of CRISPR/Cas9 and TALEN. Our single-molecule imaging of genome-editing proteins reveals that Cas9 is less efficient in heterochromatin than TALEN because Cas9 becomes encumbered by local searches on non-specific sites in these regions. We find up to a fivefold increase in editing efficiency for TALEN compared to Cas9 in heterochromatin regions. Overall, our results show that Cas9 and TALEN use a combination of 3-D and local searches to identify target sites, and the nanoscopic granularity of local search determines the editing outcomes of the genome-editing proteins. Taken together, our results suggest that TALEN is a more efficient gene-editing tool than Cas9 for applications in heterochromatin.
A case report of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura nephritis associated with a postbulbar duodenal ulcer. (1982)

We experienced an adult patient with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura (HSP) nephritis associated with a postbulbar duodenal ulcer. Chronic inflammatory changes of the arterioles (i.e. vasculitis) in the kidney and skin were prominently observed by immunofluorescence and light microscopic analysis. It is postulated that a postbulbar duodenal ulcer occurred in this patient and was mediated by vascular deposition of circulating immune complexes. It was suggested that HSP nephritis is a diffuse vascular form of IgA nephropathy.
Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia in an adult with establishment of an NK cell line (1986)

There have been many reports of cases in which chronic increases in the numbers of natural killer (NK) cells have been reported. Whether this is reactive or neoplastic in nature has been debated. We report the first case of an aggressive NK cell leukemia in an adult with establishment of an NK cell line. A 70-year-old man had two spontaneous episodes of jejunal perforation and one month later developed a severe febrile illness with moderate splenomegaly. Hemoglobin was 13.1 g/L, and WBC count was 1.8 X 10(9)/L with 2% large granular lymphocytes (LGLs). Platelet count was 143 X 10(9)/L; prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) were normal. Bone marrow was infiltrated with 25% to 30% LGLs; serum lysozyme was normal. Serum LDH was initially 1,191 U/L and rose to 6,408 (normal 240 to 525 U/L). Ten days later, the WBC count increased to 99.9 X 10(9)/L with 70% LGL cells; the PT and PTT increased, and the platelet count dropped. No bacterial or viral cause of fever was identified. The cells from peripheral blood were LGLs that stained positively for acid phosphatase. All of the LGLs reacted with a monoclonal antibody reactive with NK cells (LEU-11b). Functionally, the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMs) demonstrated 100 times more lytic activity against K562 tumor cell lines than did normal PBMs. The patient's PBMs were propagated in vitro. The cultured cells showed the morphological, cytochemical, immunological, and functional characteristics of NK cells. In addition, partial trisomy involving chromosome 1 q with duplication in regions of q21 through q31 was observed in all metaphases analyzed. The extra chromosome 1q with duplication in regions q21 through q31 was translocated to the p- terminal of chromosome 5. One percent to 5% of normal PBMs comprise NK cells; in most cases, leukemias arise from normal phenotypic counterparts. This case demonstrated that aggressive NK cell leukemia may occur in adults. In addition, the chromosomal abnormalities suggest that this is not a reactive process but a malignancy.
Potential antitumor agents. 19. Multiply substituted 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfonanilides (1976)

A series of 42 multiply substituted 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfonanilides has been prepared and evaluated in the L1210 system. In addition to biologic activity changes resulting from altered agent lipophilic-hydrophilic balance variants containing both acridine 4-CH3 and 3-NH2, NHCOCH3 or NO2 substituents have reduced activity. Variants 3,6-disubstituted, using functions of differing electronic character, have depressed activity, suggesting that there is limited site bulk tolerance. Asymmetric 3,5-disubstitution should then be the preferred pattern; the 3-ND-5CH-3'-OCH variant is the most dose potent (optimum dose qd 1-5, 1.25 mg/kg/day) of the high activity agents of this series so far prepared.
High molecular weight polysilanes with phenol moieties (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh molecular weight polysilanes with phenol moietiesRumiko Horiguchi, Yasunobu Onishi, and Shuzi HayaseCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 2, 304–309Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00180a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00180a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In-row Spacing Influences Triploid Watermelon Yield and Crop Value (2002)

Triploid watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ), commonly called seedless watermelon, is increasing in popularity and market share. The optimum in-row spacing of triploid watermelon has not been studied previously. Triploid watermelon `Crimson Jewel' and `Honeyheart' were grown with drip-irrigation and black plastic mulch at 1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-ft (0.3-, 0.6-, 1.2-, 1.8-, and 2.4-m) in-row spacings in 1996 and 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-ft. (0.6-, 0.9-, 1.2-, 1.5-, 1.8-, 2.1-, and 2.4-m) spacings in 1997 to determine the effect of in-row plant spacing on fruit yield. Marketable yield of `Crimson Jewel' was not affected by in-row spacing while narrower in-row spacing resulted in greater `Honeyheart' yield both years. For both cultivars, narrower spacing resulted in the highest number of fruit per acre, but primarily more extrasmall and small fruit. Fruit number per plant, fruit weight per plant, and individual fruit weight were higher at wider spacings, and yield per acre was lower. The data suggest that triploid watermelon yield, fruit weight and number can be adjusted by in-row spacing. Narrower in-row spacing can maximize yields, depending on the specific grower's cultural practices. In wider in-row spacings, the yield of medium and large fruit is maintained with a subsequent decrease in extra small and small fruit. Gross returns per acre were only different for farmers' market prices, not wholesale, and net returns were not significantly influenced by in-row spacing.
Highly efficient nonrigid motion‐corrected 3D whole‐heart coronary vessel wall imaging (2016)

The feasibility of a highly efficient motion correction framework for simultaneous whole-heart coronary lumen and vessel wall has been demonstrated. Magn Reson Med 77:1894-1908, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
A fast nearest neighbor search algorithm by nonlinear embedding (2012)

We propose an efficient algorithm to find the exact nearest neighbor based on the Euclidean distance for large-scale computer vision problems. We embed data points nonlinearly onto a low-dimensional space by simple computations and prove that the distance between two points in the embedded space is bounded by the distance in the original space. Instead of computing the distances in the high-dimensional original space to find the nearest neighbor, a lot of candidates are to be rejected based on the distances in the low-dimensional embedded space; due to this property, our algorithm is well-suited for high-dimensional and large-scale problems. We also show that our algorithm is improved further by partitioning input vectors recursively. Contrary to most of existing fast nearest neighbor search algorithms, our technique reports the exact nearest neighbor - not an approximate one - and requires a very simple preprocessing with no sophisticated data structures. We provide the theoretical analysis of our algorithm and evaluate its performance in synthetic and real data.
Efficient signaling of spectral resources in spectrum pooling systems (2013)

Abstract—Public mobile radio spectrum is a scarce resource while wide spectral ranges are only rarely used. Here, we consider a new strategy called Spectrum Pooling enabling public access to these new spectral ranges without sacrificing the transmission quality of the actual license owners. By temporarily leasing their spectrum during idle periods the license owners could tap new sources of revenue. We favor a modified wireless LAN as rental system. Especially OFDM based WLANs like IEEE802.11a and HIPERLAN/2 are suitable for an overlay system like spectrum pooling as they allow a very flexible frequency management on a carrier-by-carrier basis. The modifications of these standards comprise many areas of the physical and MAC layer. Idle frequency subbands can be detected by spectral power measurements conducted in each single participating mobile terminal. Hence, the volume of measurement data can become very high. Signaling this overhead in ordinary data frames would leave only few resources left for useful data and would be very error-prone. In this paper, we show that the signaling of spectral resources can be performed in the physical layer that has been harmonized for both considered standards. The basic idea is the superposition of emitted radio power for the signaling instead of creating new higher layer frames for the measured data. Furthermore, a robust method to broadcast information on spectral resources back to the mobile terminals is presented.
Therapeutic potential of superoxide dismutase mimetics as therapeutic agents in critical care medicine (2003)

Oxidative stress results from an oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, an excess of oxidants, or a depletion of antioxidants. A considerable body of recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress and exaggerated production of reactive oxygen species play a major role in several aspects of septic shock and ischemia and reperfusion. Initiation of lipid peroxidation, direct inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, inhibition of membrane Na /K adenosine triphosphatase activity, inactivation of membrane sodium channels, and other oxidative protein modifications contribute to the cytotoxic effect of reactive oxygen species. In addition, reactive oxygen species are potent triggers of DNA strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly-adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosyl synthetase, and eventual severe energy depletion of the cells. Pharmacologic evidence suggests that the peroxynitrite-poly-adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosyl polymerase pathway contributes to the cellular injury in shock and endothelial injury. Treatment with superoxide dismutase mimetics, which selectively mimic the catalytic activity of the human superoxide dismutase enzymes, has been shown to prevent the cellular energetic failure associated with shock and ischemia-reperfusion and to prevent tissue damage associated with these conditions. In this article, we will briefly review the role of superoxide in septic shock and ischemia-reperfusion injury. We hope to present evidence to support the potential development of superoxide dismutase mimetics as novel and effective agents in the area of critical care medicine.
[Pathologic fractures in dialysis-associated amyloidosis]. (1989)

A correlation could be demonstrated between four pathological femoral neck fractures in patients who regularly underwent hemodialysis; cystic bone deposits of beta-2-microglobulin amyloid were also found. The characteristic symptom complex includes painful arthralgia of the shoulder, carpal tunnel syndrome, pain in the hip and recurrent knee effusions. The first step in the diagnostic procedure is to demonstrate cystic defects in skeletal radiographs. Then a biopsy of the cystic bone lesion is needed for histological verification of beta-2-microglobulin. The surgical treatment is total joint replacement or augmented composite osteosynthesis due to poor regeneration capacity in the amyloid bone lesion.
System for automated diagnosis in cellular networks based on performance indicators (2005)

Abstract This paper presents a system for automated diagnosis of problems in a cellular network, which comprises a method and a model. The reasoning method, based on a naive Bayesian classifier, can be applied to the identification of the fault cause in GSM/GPRS, 3G or multi‐systems networks. A diagnosis model for GSM/GPRS radio access networks is also described, whose elements are available in the network management systems (NMSs) of most networks. It is shown that the statistical relations among the elements, that is the quantitative part of the model, under certain assumptions, can be completely specified by means of the parameters of beta density functions. In order to support the theoretical concepts, a model has been built based on data from a real network and the automated diagnosis system has been used to classify problems in a cellular network, showing that the solution is easily implemented and that the diagnosis accuracy is very high, therefore leading to a reduction in the operational costs of running the network. Copyright © 2005 AEIT.
Learning Joint 2D-3D Representations for Depth Completion (2019)

In this paper, we tackle the problem of depth completion from RGBD data. Towards this goal, we design a simple yet effective neural network block that learns to extract joint 2D and 3D features. Specifically, the block consists of two domain-specific sub-networks that apply 2D convolution on image pixels and continuous convolution on 3D points, with their output features fused in image space. We build the depth completion network simply by stacking the proposed block, which has the advantage of learning hierarchical representations that are fully fused between 2D and 3D spaces at multiple levels. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the challenging KITTI depth completion benchmark and show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art.