gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emulsion Polymerization of Diene Hydrocarbons (1947)

Abstract In any study of polymerization, careful consideration must be given to factors such as type and concentration of emulsifying agent, concentration of monomer, temperature, catalyst, and certain added chemicals which may have a marked effect on the results obtained. It is possible to make elastomers of considerable utility from mixtures of butadiene and many other polymerizable compounds. Several of these are superior to those made from butadiene and styrene in particular respects; but considering availability and cost of raw materials, this work has not uncovered any butadiene copolymers which would have been preferred over those made with styrene or acrylonitrile in the period of national emergency. The possibility of obtaining high grade elastomers from the diene hydrocarbons alone appears to justify further investigation.
hCGβ PRODUCING PINEAL CHORIOCARCINOMA (1982)

A patient is described with tumours in the region of the pineal gland and anterior hypothalamus associated with high levels of hCG beta in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). He presented aged 19, with hypopituitarism, but persistent secondary sexual characteristics. LH immunoreactivity in serum was due to the hCG beta which probably caused the elevated level of testosterone. Following cranial irradiation the tumour became undetectable and hCG beta was eradicated from the serum and CSF. The patient later died because of an intramedullary metastasis of choriocarcinoma in the cervical spinal cord. The endocrine details of six previously reported intracranial neoplasms which have been shown to secrete hCG beta are reviewed. Only two of these involved the pineal region. Chorionic gonadotrophin production by this tumour enabled early detection of its recurrence. It is unclear how often precocious puberty is caused by tumours producing hCG beta, but patients presenting either with that problem or a pineal tumour should have circulating hCG beta measured.
Application of a dynamic feature selection algorithm to multi-sensor image registration (2007)

Image registration is usually a required first processing step for such activities as surveillance, video tracking, change detection, and remote sensing. Often, different sensors are used for the collection of the test and reference imagery. The sensor phenomenology differences can present problems for automatic selection of registration algorithm parameters because of different cross-sensor feature manifestation. In previous work involving edge-based multisensor image registration, we applied a previously-developed automated approach to parameter selection, designed specifically for edge detection. In this work, we adapt and apply a dynamic feature selection algorithm (DFSA) that we recently developed for use in registration algorithm selection for registering images with varying scene content type. We adapt and apply the DFSA to the problem of selecting appropriate registration algorithm parameter values in an edge-based registration algorithm. The approach involves generating test-to-reference feature match scores over a sampling of the transform hypothesis space. The approach is scene-adaptive thereby requiring no <i>a priori</i> information on image scene content. Furthermore, in the DFSA we leverage prior match score calculation generated in a hierarchical grid search to reduce additional computational expense. We give a brief overview of the registration algorithmic framework, and present a description of the dynamic feature selection algorithm. Numerical results are presented for performing test SAR-to-reference EO image registration to show the registration convergence performance improvement resulting from use of the DFSA. Numerical results are generated over images exhibiting different scene content types. We also evaluate the effect of match score normalization on the registration convergence performance improvement.
Composite membranes of group VIII metal supported on porous alumina (1997)

Asymmetric membranes consisting of palladium, ruthenium and platinum deposited on the surface or inside the pores (average size, 200 nm) of a tubular alumina membrane were prepared by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. Sublimation and decomposition temperatures of their acetylacetonato complexes used as metal sources for CVD were important factors in preparing the membranes selected for hydrogen separation. Among the membranes prepared by CVD, the palladium membrane gave the highest flux of hydrogen and was about 1.6 times higher than a dense palladium membrane with a thickness of 4.5 μm prepared by an electroless plating technique. The hydrogen permeation through the membranes prepared by CVD are related to the surface diffusion of spillover hydrogen.
Deep learning for wireless physical layer: Opportunities and challenges (2017)

Machine learning (ML) has been widely applied to the upper layers of wireless communication systems for various purposes, such as deployment of cognitive radio and communication network. However, its application to the physical layer is hampered by sophisticated channel environments and limited learning ability of conventional ML algorithms. Deep learning (DL) has been recently applied for many fields, such as computer vision and natural language processing, given its expressive capacity and convenient optimization capability. The potential application of DL to the physical layer has also been increasingly recognized because of the new features for future communications, such as complex scenarios with unknown channel models, high speed and accurate processing requirements; these features challenge conventional communication theories. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the emerging studies on DL-based physical layer processing, including leveraging DL to redesign a module of the conventional communication system (for modulation recognition, channel decoding, and detection) and replace the communication system with a radically new architecture based on an autoencoder. These DL-based methods show promising performance improvements but have certain limitations, such as lack of solid analytical tools and use of architectures that are specifically designed for communication and implementation research, thereby motivating future research in this field.
Oxidation of a sulfide group in a self-assembled monolayer (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of a sulfide group in a self-assembled monolayerNolan Tillman, Abraham Ulman, and James F. ElmanCite this: Langmuir 1989, 5, 4, 1020–1026Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/la00088a024Request reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (922 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Human Claspin Is Required for Replication Checkpoint Control (2003)

Claspin is a newly identified protein that regulates Chk1 activation in Xenopus. In the present study we investigated the role of human Claspin in the DNA damage/replication checkpoint in mammalian cells. We observed that human Claspin is a cell cycle regulated protein that peaks at S/G2 phase. Claspin localizes in the nuclei, but it only associates with Chk1 following replication stress or other types of DNA damage. In addition, Claspin is phosphorylated in response to replication stress, and this phosphorylation appears to be required for its association with Chk1. Moreover, Claspin interacts with the checkpoint proteins ATR and Rad9. Given that both the ATR and Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 complexes are involved in Chk1 activation, it is possible that Claspin works as an adaptor molecule bringing these molecules together. Using small interfering RNA technology, we have shown that down-regulation of Claspin expression inhibits Chk1 activation in response to replication stress. More importantly, down-regulation of Claspin augments the premature chromatin condensation induced by hydroxyurea, inhibits the UV-induced reduction of DNA synthesis, and decreases cell survival. Taken together, these data imply a potentially critical role for Claspin in replication checkpoint control in mammalian cells.
Bulky End‐Capped [1]Benzothieno[3,2‐<i>b</i>]benzothiophenes: Reaching High‐Mobility Organic Semiconductors by Fine Tuning of the Crystalline Solid‐State Order (2015)

A series of bulky end-capped [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophenes (BTBTs) are developed in order to tune the packing structure via terminal substitution. A coupled theoretical and experimental study allows us to identify 2,7-di-tert-butylBTBT as a new high-performance organic semiconductor with large and well-balanced transfer integrals, as evidenced by quantum-chemical calculations. Single-crystal field-effect transistors show a remarkable average saturation mobility of 7.1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) .
Intelligent control for a distributed flexible network photovoltaic system using autonomous control and agent (2012)

Abstract This paper proposes intelligent control for a distributed flexible network photovoltaic system using autonomous control and agents. The distributed flexible network photovoltaic system is composed of a secondary battery bank and a number of subsystems which have a solar array, a DC/DC converter, and a load. The control mode of the DC/DC converter can be selected based on local information by autonomous control. However, if only autonomous control using local information is applied, there are some problems associated with several cases, such as voltage drops on long power lines. To overcome these problems, the authors propose introducing agents to improve the control characteristics. The autonomous control with agents is called intelligent control in this paper. The intelligent control scheme that employs communication between agents is applied to the model system and validated by simulation using PSCAD/EMTDC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(1): 14–24, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11432
Delay-Sensitive Multimedia on Disks (1994)

Delay-sensitive media challenges designers of multimedia systems.In building Audition?an audio system for comparative listening tests?we applied an efficient way to retrieve audio data without missing deadlines.
Alteration of EGFR Spatiotemporal Dynamics Suppresses Signal Transduction (2012)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which regulates cell growth and survival, is integral to colon tumorigenesis. Lipid rafts play a role in regulating EGFR signaling, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to perturb membrane domain organization through changes in lipid rafts. Therefore, we investigated the mechanistic link between EGFR function and DHA. Membrane incorporation of DHA into immortalized colonocytes altered the lateral organization of EGFR. DHA additionally increased EGFR phosphorylation but paradoxically suppressed downstream signaling. Assessment of the EGFR-Ras-ERK1/2 signaling cascade identified Ras GTP binding as the locus of the DHA-induced disruption of signal transduction. DHA also antagonized EGFR signaling capacity by increasing receptor internalization and degradation. DHA suppressed cell proliferation in an EGFR-dependent manner, but cell proliferation could be partially rescued by expression of constitutively active Ras. Feeding chronically-inflamed, carcinogen-injected C57BL/6 mice a fish oil containing diet enriched in DHA recapitulated the effects on the EGFR signaling axis observed in cell culture and additionally suppressed tumor formation. We conclude that DHA-induced alteration in both the lateral and subcellular localization of EGFR culminates in the suppression of EGFR downstream signal transduction, which has implications for the molecular basis of colon cancer prevention by DHA.
Purification of a cytolytic factor from purple fluid of a sea hare (1986)

A cytolytic factor inducing tumor lysis was purified approx. 1000‐fold from purple fluid of the sea hare Aplysia kurodai . The purified factor appeared homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and consisted of a single polypeptide chain of 60 kDa. The cytolytic factor was half‐maximally active at 3–25 ng protein/ml and lysed all tumor cells tested, but not normal cells.
Stock Control with Sporadic and Slow-Moving Demand (1984)

Choosing a stock-control method for a product depends on that product's demand distribution. This paper presents a simple method of classifying product demand into ‘smooth’, ‘slow-moving’ or ‘sporadic’, by partitioning the variance of demand during a lead time into causal parts. A study of a public utility showed demand distributions in each category to be of a specific nature. Stock-control and forecasting methods are developed, and simulation tests are described which compare these methods with (for ease of comparison) the assumption of continuous demand.
A floppy-tipped wire guide for interventional procedures (1985)

A floppy-tipped wire guide for interventional proceduresHG CoonsAudio Available | Share
Intracellular vesicular stomatitis virus leader RNAs are found in nucleocapsid structures (1981)

Previous studies demonstrated that cytoplasmic extracts of cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus contain plus-strand leader RNAs which sediment at 18S on sucrose gradients as a complex with viral N protein. The work presented in this paper demonstrated that these 18S complexes were stable on CsCl density gradients, banding at a buoyant density near that of genome nucleocapsids, and exhibited a morphology in an electron microscope similar to the disk structures found in virus genome nucleocapsids. Minus-strand leader RNAs were also found in 18S complexes on sucrose gradients. Quantitation of intracellular leader RNA suggested that, late in infection, approximately three-quarters of total intracellular leader RNA was encapsidated.
Influence of spo mutations on sigma E synthesis in Bacillus subtilis (1989)

Bacillus subtilis mutants blocked at the same stage of development (stage II) as strains with mutations in the structural gene for sigma E (sigE[spoIIGB]) were analyzed immunologically for sigma E and its precursor protein, P31. Mutations at spoIIL, spoIIN, and spoIIJ loci but not at the spoIIM locus significantly reduced P31 formation. Mutations at the spoIIAA, spoIIAC, spoIIEA, spoIIEB, and spoIIEC loci did not affect P31 synthesis but blocked its processing into sigma E. These results demonstrate a requirement for at least eight stage II gene products in the developmental pathway which leads to sigma E and brings to 11 the number of stage II genes (including spoIIGA, spoIIGB, and spoIIF) now known to be needed for sigma E formation.
A real-time programmable LDPC decoder chip for arbitrary QC-LDPC parity check matrices (2009)

For the applications of next-generation channel-adaptive communication systems, a real-time programmable LDPC decoder architecture is proposed with three design techniques: divided-group comparison (DGC), adaptive wordlength assignment (AWA), and efficient early termination scheme (EETS). By utilizing programmable principle, the hardware architecture can support arbitrary Quasi-Cyclic LDPC parity check matrices, including various locations of 1's, information bits, codeword lengths, and code rates. The prototyping LDPC decoder chip using 0.13um CMOS technology, which supports up to 23 code rates with a maximum block size of 1536 bits, only occupies 4.94 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die area, operates at 125 MHz, and dissipates 58 mW power.
[Mn<sup>III</sup><sub>4</sub>Ln<sup>III</sup><sub>4</sub>] Calix[4]arene Clusters as Enhanced Magnetic Coolers and Molecular Magnets (2010)

The use of methylene-bridged calix[4]arenes in 3d/4f chemistry produces a family of clusters of general formula [Mn(III)(4)Ln(III)(4)(OH)(4)(C4)(4)(NO(3))(2)(DMF)(6)(H(2)O)(6)](OH)(2) (where C4 = calix[4]arene; Ln = Gd (1), Tb (2), Dy (3)). The molecular structure describes a square of Ln(III) ions housed within a square of Mn(III) ions. Magnetic studies reveal that 1 has a large number of molecular spin states that are populated even at the lowest investigated temperatures, while the ferromagnetic limit S = 22 is being approached only at the highest applied fields. This, combined with the high magnetic isotropy, makes the complex an excellent magnetic refrigerant for low-temperature applications. Replacement of the isotropic Gd(III) ions with the anisotropic Tb(III) and Dy(III) ions "switches" the magnetic properties of the cluster so that 2 and 3 behave as low-temperature molecular magnets, displaying slow relaxation of the magnetization.
Targeted Imaging and Proteomic Analysis of Tumor‐Associated Glycans in Living Animals (2014)

Although it has been well known that dynamic changes in glycosylation are associated with tumor progression, it remains challenging to selectively visualize the cancer glycome in vivo. Herein, a strategy for the targeted imaging of tumor-associated glycans by using ligand-targeted liposomes encapsulating azidosugars is described. The intravenously injected liposomal nanoparticles selectively bound to the cancer-cell-specific receptors and installed azides into the melanoma glycans in a xenograft mouse model in a tissue-specific manner. Subsequently, a copper-free click reaction was performed in vivo to chemoselectively conjugate the azides with a near-infrared fluorescent dye. The glycosylation dynamics during tumor growth were monitored by in vivo fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, the newly synthesized sialylated glycoproteins were enriched during tumor growth and identified by glycoproteomics. Compared with the labeling methods using free azidosugars, this method offers improved labeling efficiency and high specificity and should facilitate the elucidation of the functional role of glycans in cancer biology.
c-Axis Oriented Apatite-Type Silicates as Solid Electrolytes (2013)

The c -axis oriented apatite-type silicates were fabricated in simple ways: fabrication of melt-quenched glass and its crystallization. It was found that a degree of c -axis orientation was affected by many factors such as crystallization temperature and kind of powder materials, in which the precursor glass embedded during crystallization. The performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) using the crystallization glass as an electrolyte was also investigated at temperatures of 600 to 800°C.
Differential expression of cytokine mRNAs in human cell lines. (1989)

We investigated the expression of several cytokine genes known to be differentially expressed in human mononuclear cells depending on the way of stimulation. In order to investigate cytokine gene expression in cell lines we stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the human cell lines UBC 5637, Wil-2, K562, U937 and Jurkat with PHA or a phorbol ester. The patterns of cytokine expression were assessed at 8 and 20 hours after stimulation by Northern blot analysis. Our data show that after stimulation each cell line expressed its own pattern of cytokine mRNA levels. Additionally, superinduction with cycloheximide revealed no change of a stimulation dependent pattern. Furthermore, we found that each cytokine has its own kinetic suggesting that signal transduction may be followed by cell type specific intracellular mechanisms.
Damage Detection of a Rotating Cracked Shaft Using an Active Magnetic Bearing as a Force Actuator—Analysis and Experimental Verification (2005)

The active health monitoring of rotordynamic systems in the presence of breathing shaft cracks is considered in this work. The shaft is assumed to be supported by conventional bearings, and the active magnetic bearing (AMB) is used in a midshaft or outboard location as an actuator to apply specified, time-dependent forcing on the system. These forces, if properly chosen, induce a combination resonance that can be used to identify the magnitude of the time-dependent stiffness arising from the breathing mode of the shaft crack. The technique is verified experimentally on a high speed test rotor with a healthy and a cracked shaft.
Mail‐man: A knowledge‐based mail assistant for managers (1992)

Although several collaborative office systems have been developed recently to provide synchronous communication support for managerial work, they have not capitalized on electronic mail (E‐mail), an existing asynchronous office communication technology widely used by managers. This is because E‐mail technology has yet to incorporate intelligent characteristics and flexibility to support different office functions, which can enable it to adapt to the changing and uncertain environment of managerial work. This article addresses the conceptual and technological issues involved in development of E‐mail to support managerial work with MAIL‐MAN, a knowledge‐based E‐mail system unified with other office applications to model and support managerial work.
Preparation of Proton‐Conducting Amorphous Films Containing Dodecamolybdophosphoric Acid by the Sol—Gel Method (1989)

Silica gel films containing dodecamolybdophosphoric acid, H 3 PMo 12 O 40 ·29H 2 O (MPA), were prepared by the sol—gel method. Amorphous films were obtained for the compositions with 0 to 42 wt% MPA. Infrared spectra revealed that the skeleton of heteropolyanions PMo 12 O 3− 40 remained in the silica gel structure. The gel films exhibited considerably high proton conductivities in a highly humid atmosphere, and the conductivity increased with increasing MPA content. The value of conductance (G) at 1 kHz for these films was very sensitive to the variation of relative humidity (rh). The relation between log G and rh was almost linear and was reproducible on repeated runs for the gel films with 42 wt% MPA heat‐treated at 200°C.
FGF signals specifically regulate the structure of hair shaft medulla via IGF-binding protein 5 (2005)

Reciprocal interactions between the dermal papilla and the hair matrix control proliferation and differentiation in the mature hair follicle. Analysis of expression suggests an important role for FGF7 and FGF10, as well as their cognate receptor FGFR2-IIIb, in these processes. Transgenic mice that express a soluble dominant-negative version of this receptor in differentiating hair keratinocytes were generated to interfere with endogenous FGF signalling. Transgenic mice develop abnormally thin but otherwise normal hairs, characterised by single columns of medulla cells in all hair types. All structural defects and the accompanying changes of global gene expression patterns are restricted to the hair medulla. Forced transgenic expression of IGF-binding protein 5, whose expression level is elevated upon suppression of FGFR2-IIIb-mediated signalling largely phenocopies the defect of dnFgfr2-IIIb-expressing hairs. Thus, the results identify Igfbp5-mediated FGFR2-IIIb signals as a key regulator of the genetic program that controls the structure of the hair shaft medulla.