gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infectious complications during remission induction therapy in 577 patients with acute myeloid leukemia in the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group studies between 1987 and 1991. (1999)

The Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group analyzed infectious episodes in 577 patients with acute myeloid leukemia during remission induction therapy between 1987 and 1991. 542 patients (93.9%) experienced at least one infectious episode, 121 (21.0%) had microbiologically documented infection; there was clinically documented infection in 184 (31.9%) and unexplained fever in 237 (41.1%). Among 121 microbiologically documented infections, bacteremia/fungemia was observed in 68, pneumonia in 33, and other types of infections in 20. Among the bacteremia/fungemia, gram-negative bacteria accounted for 41.2% (Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common), gram-positive bacteria for 39.7%, fungi for 16.2% (Candida spp. being most frequent), and polymicrobial for 2.9%. The most frequent isolates among pneumonia were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus. A total of 70 patients (12.1%) died during remission induction. Mortality of 68 patients with bacteremia/fungemia was 26.5%; in these patients, mortality with concomitant pneumonia increased to 41.4%; without pneumonia, mortality was 15.4% (P < 0.05). Mortality according to the isolated microbes was 17.2% for gram-negative bacteria, 25% for gram-positive bacteria, and 54.5% for fungi. Mortality of 113 patients with pneumonia (33 microbiologically documented and 80 clinically documented), 20 with other microbiologically documented infections, 104 with other clinically documented infections, and 237 with unexplained fever was 25.7%, 5.0%, 5.8%, and 5.1%, respectively.
Local Gaussian Process Regression for Real Time Online Model Learning (2008)

Learning in real-time applications, e.g., online approximation of the inverse dynamics model for model-based robot control, requires fast online regression techniques. Inspired by local learning, we propose a method to speed up standard Gaussian Process regression (GPR) with local GP models (LGP). The training data is partitioned in local regions, for each an individual GP model is trained. The prediction for a query point is performed by weighted estimation using nearby local models. Unlike other GP approximations, such as mixtures of experts, we use a distance based measure for partitioning of the data and weighted prediction. The proposed method achieves online learning and prediction in real-time. Comparisons with other nonparametric regression methods show that LGP has higher accuracy than LWPR and close to the performance of standard GPR and nu-SVR.
Frequency Dependent Electrorheological Properties: Origin and Bounds (1996)

We present a unified framework for the first-principles calculation of the frequency dependent shear modulus, static yield stress, and structures of dielectric electrorheological systems. It is shown that a strong (applied field) frequency dependence of the static yield stress, in good quantitative agreement with those measured experimentally, can arise from Debye relaxational effects that are typical of poor insulators. Physical upper bounds on the yield stress and the shear modulus, as well as frequency-induced structural soft modes, are predicted.
Reactive and reactive-diffusive time scales in stiff reaction-diffusion systems (2005)

Two different sets of time scales arising in stiff systems of reaction-diffusion PDEs are examined; the first due to the reaction term alone and the second due to the interaction of the reaction and diffusion terms. The fastest time scales of each set are responsible for the development of a low dimensional manifold, the characteristics of which depend on the set of time scales considered. The advantages and disadvantages of employing these two manifolds for the simplification of large and stiff systems of reaction-diffusion PDEs are discussed. It is shown that the two approaches provide a non-stiff simplified system of similar accuracy. The approach based on the reaction time scales allows for a simpler construction of the simplified system, while that based on the reaction/diffusion time scales allows for a simpler time marching scheme.
Simulation in University Education:The Artificial Agent PSI as a Teaching Tool (2006)

One weakness of undergraduate psychology education in Germany is that students do not have many opportunities to practice their theoretical knowledge. To fill this gap, a new teaching approach has been introduced to the curriculum at the University of Bamberg, Germany.The students conduct experiments with an artificial agent, a computer simulation originating from a cognitive modeling approach. The agent, called “PSI” (see http://web.uni-bamberg.de/ppp/insttheopsy/software for various versions), is the implementation of the PSI theory (see Dörner, D., 1999, Bauplan für eine Seele, Rowohlt, Reinbek).The PSI theory integrates approaches to cognition, emotions, motivation, human action regulation, and perception. One major benefit of the work with the simulation (besides the students gaining practical experience) is that it is possible to convey knowledge about psychological processes and that interaction of different processes difficult to isolate in natural agents become clearly visible to students. In the evaluation of the course, students rated the course as a valuable addendum to the traditional education in psychology.
Improvement in Intensity Fluctuation Noise of a 1 Gbit/s-Modulated InGaAsP Laser by a Light Injection Technique (1980)

The effect of laser light injection on the mode spectrum and intensity fluctuation noise of an InGaAsP semiconductor laser modulated at 1 Gbit/s was studied. The power ratio of the injected mode to the total emitting mode was improved to 0.9, in comparison with 0.3 without injection. The intensity fluctuation noise in one longitudinal mode, caused by mode competition, was also reduced by 8 dB at 10 MHz, compared with systems without injection.
Biophysics of viral infectivity: matching genome length with capsid size (2007)

In this review, we discuss recent advances in biophysical virology, presenting experimental and theoretical studies on the physical properties of viruses. We focus on the double-stranded (ds) DNA bacteriophages as model systems for all of the dsDNA viruses both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Recent studies demonstrate that the DNA packaged into a viral capsid is highly pressurized, which provides a force for the first step of passive injection of viral DNA into a bacterial cell. Moreover, specific studies on capsid strength show a strong correlation between genome length, and capsid size and robustness. The implications of these newly appreciated physical properties of a viral particle with respect to the infection process are discussed.
Effects of Thyme Extract Oils (from<i>Thymus vulgaris</i>,<i>Thymus zygis,</i>and<i>Thymus hyemalis</i>) on Cytokine Production and Gene Expression of oxLDL-Stimulated THP-1-Macrophages (2012)

Properties of thyme extracts from three different species (Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis, and Thymus hyemalis) were examined. Two oil fractions from each species were obtained by CO(2) supercritical fluid extraction. Main compounds presented in the supercritical extracts of the three thyme varieties were 1,8 cineole, thymol, camphor, borneol, and carvacrol. As a cellular model of inflammation/atherogenesis, we use human macrophages derived from THP-1 monocytes and activated by oxidized LDLs. These cells were incubated with the thyme fraction oils, and the productions and gene expressions of the inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-1B, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined. Thyme extracts significantly reduced production and gene expression of the proinflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-1B, and IL-6 and highly increased these parameters on the anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine. Changes on production and gene expressions were dose dependent and according to the thyme content of each species. Taken together, these results may suggest that thyme extracts could have anti-inflammatory effects.
Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1/2012 (2012)

Back Cover: Ionic polymer-metal composites which bend in response to electric potential are fabricated using selectively-solvated block ionomers possessing a sulfonated midblock and hydrophobic endblocks. The electroactuation performance is comparable or superior to existing systems. Further details can be found in the article by P. H. Vargantwar, K. E. Roskov, T. K. Ghosh, and R. J. Spontak* on page 61.
Using compliant membranes for dynamic flow stabilization in microfluidic systems (2005)

This paper presents a simple and novel device to stabilize a fluctuating fluid flow in microfluidic systems. The device consists of a microchannel and several compliant membranes in series on one or more walls of the channel. Vibrations of the compliant membranes are used to remove fluctuations in an incoming flow, resulting in nearly constant outlet flow rates and inlet pressures. A lumped-parameter model was developed to simulate the device operation. Testing of prototype devices demonstrates that the device is able to stabilize a pulsating flow by a flow rate stabilization ratio up to 20.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Macrocyclic Transition State Analogue Inhibitors for α-Chymotrypsin (2003)

Lactams 1 and 2 are readily formed from acyclic precursors in the presence of trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively, identifying the macrocyclic ring system as a potential motif for constrained transition state analogue inhibitors of the serine peptidases. Ketone 3 was synthesized and shown to be a modest inhibitor of chymotrypsin (Ki = 220 microM), albeit 4-fold more potent than the acyclic hydroxy acid 25 (Ki = 1.5 mM as a mixture of epimers). A precursor (31) to the amino boronic acid 4 was also prepared; although this derivative was a potent inhibitor of chymotrypsin (Ki = 130 nM) by virtue of the boronic acid moiety, it showed no advantage over the des-amino analogue 32 (Ki = 120 nM), which is not capable of cyclizing.
Haloanaerobium alcaliphilum sp. nov., an Anaerobic Moderate Halophile from the Sediments of Great Salt Lake, Utah (1995)

A strictly anaerobic, moderately halophilic, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from Great Salt Lake, Utah, sediments and designated GSLST (T = type strain). Strain GSLST grew optimally at pH 6.7 to 7.0 but had a very broad pH range for growth (pH 5.8 to 10.0). The optimum temperature for growth was 37 degrees C, and no growth occurred at 15 or 55 degrees C. The optimum salt concentration for growth was 10%. Strain GSLST required yeast extract and Trypticase peptone to ferment carbohydrates, pyruvate, and glycine betaine. Strain GSLST was resistant to penicillin, D-cycloserine, tetracycline, and streptomycin. The G + C content of this isolate was 31 mol%. The fermentation products from glucose utilization were acetate, butyrate, lactate, CO2, and H2, and in addition strain GSLST fermented glycine betaine to acetate and trimethylamine. All of these traits distinguish this organism from all previously described halophilic anaerobes. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GSLST was found to be similar to, but also significantly different from, the 16S rRNA sequences of Haloanaerobium salsugo and Haloanaerobium praevalens. Therefore, strain GSLST (= DSM 8275T) is described as a new species, Haloanaerobium alcaliphilum.
Further hosts of <i>Pseudomonas viridiflava</i> (1973)

Abstract Fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from diseased tissue of a number of unrelated hosts, viz, Chinese gooseberry, cauliflower, pumpkin, lupin, tomato, passionfruit, poppy, pea, and grape, are identified as Pseudomonas viridiflava (Burkholder 1930) Dowson 1939. The pathogenicity of Ps. viridiflava from these hosts is confirmed and characters of the isolates are compared.
Computing the Synchronization Regions of Injection-Locked Strongly Nonlinear Oscillators for Frequency Division Applications (2010)

This paper describes an original method to compute the synchronization regions of injection-locked oscillators that exhibit a strong nonlinear response, such as relaxation or ring architectures. The proposed method is based on the theory of controllably periodically forced oscillators and is implemented within the frame of the time-domain periodic steady-state analysis. The novel method is able to predict, in an accurate way, the conditions for which the correct frequency division occurs and can identify the transitions to more complex regimes that limit the exploitable synchronization region.
Pro-resolving actions and stereoselective biosynthesis of 18S E-series resolvins in human leukocytes and murine inflammation (2011)

E-series resolvins are antiinflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators derived from the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) that actively clear inflammation to promote tissue homeostasis. Aspirin, in addition to exerting antithrombotic actions, also triggers the biosynthesis of these specialized pro-resolving mediators. Here, we used metabolomic profiling to investigate the biosynthesis of E-series resolvins with specific chiral chemistry in serum from human subjects and present evidence for new 18S series resolvins. Aspirin increased endogenous formation of 18S-hydroxyeicosapentaenoate (18S-HEPE) compared with 18R-HEPE, a known resolvin precursor. Human recombinant 5-lipoxygenase used both enantiomers as substrates, and recombinant LTA4 hydrolase (LTA4H) converted chiral 5S(6)-epoxide-containing intermediates to resolvin E1 and 18S-resolvin E1 (RvE1 and 18S-RvE1, respectively). 18S-RvE1 bound to the leukocyte GPCRs ChemR23 and BLT1 with increased affinity and potency compared with the R-epimer, but was more rapidly inactivated than RvE1 by dehydrogenase. Like RvE1, 18S-RvE1 enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of zymosan, E. coli, and apoptotic neutrophils and reduced both neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines in murine peritonitis. These results demonstrate two parallel stereospecific pathways in the biosynthesis of E-series resolvins, 18R- and 18S-, which are antiinflammatory, pro-resolving, and non-phlogistic and may contribute to the beneficial actions of aspirin and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Mos as a tool for genome-wide insertional mutagenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans: results of a pilot study (2004)

The sequence of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome contains approximately 19 000 genes. Available mutants currently exist for <20% of these genes. The existence of a Mos-based inducible transposon system in C.elegans could theoretically serve as a tool to saturate the genome with insertions. We report here the results of a pilot study aimed at assaying this strategy. We generated 914 independent random Mos insertions and determined their location by inverse PCR. The distribution of the insertions throughout the genome does not reveal any gross distortion, with the exception of a major hotspot on chromosome I (rDNA locus). Transposons are evenly distributed between the genic and intergenic regions. Within genes, transposons insert preferentially into the introns. We derived the consensus target site for Mos in C.elegans (ATATAT), which is common to Tc1, another mariner element. Finally, we assayed the mutagenic properties of insertions located in exons by comparing the phenotype of homozygous strains to that of known mutations or RNAi of the same gene. This pilot experiment shows that a Mos-based approach is a viable strategy that can contribute to the constitution of genome-wide collections of identified C.elegans mutants.
Kinematic Effect of the Compliant Cup in Harmonic Drives (2011)

The paper and its companion [Dong et al., 2011, “Kinematic Fundamentals of Planar Harmonic Drives,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 133(1), p. 011007], which treats a harmonic drive without a cup, present the geometry-relevant operation of harmonic drives under an ideal little or no-load condition. This paper shows that the cup is essentially a compliant mechanism with the unique feature of transforming a set of different tooth rotations into a single rigid body rotation and demonstrates how the cup affects tooth conjugation and the conjugate tooth profiles. It proves and demonstrates that the conjugating tooth profile should be a three-dimensional surface because of the cup deformation. The use of spur gears on both flexspline and circular spline will cause excessive interference and excessive deformation will become necessary to overcome the interference. Since no-load geometry is clearly identified, excessive deformation and errors due to incorrect geometry can be removed or filtered and the loading effects can be identified. Contact ratio of a harmonic drive is also obtained through the range of conjugate positions. Although loading is not considered, the geometric error is. Eliminating or reducing geometric error will improve the performance.
Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection in Adults (2016)

Antiretroviral agents remain the cornerstone of HIV treatment and prevention. All HIV-infected individuals with detectable plasma virus should receive treatment with recommended initial regimens consisting of an InSTI plus 2 NRTIs. Preexposure prophylaxis should be considered as part of an HIV prevention strategy for at-risk individuals. When used effectively, currently available ARVs can sustain HIV suppression and can prevent new HIV infection. With these treatment regimens, survival rates among HIV-infected adults who are retained in care can approach those of uninfected adults.
A Model of Active Carbon (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Model of Active CarbonW. F. WolffCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1959, 63, 5, 653–659Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150575a005https://doi.org/10.1021/j150575a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
RAPID PROTOTYPING VIA AUTOMATIC SOFTWARE CODE GENERATION FROM FORMAL SPECIFICATIONS: A CASE STUDY (1992)

Abstract This paper describes an approach for defining system and software requirements and validating them through rapid prototyping. It provides the results of a case study for generating prototype software (representing the total system hardware and software) directly and automatically from the requirements. The paper addresses system/software definitions, which include the requirements and design (architecture). The approach consists of modeling and prototyping. The case study described here applied this approach to selected systems of Boeing 747‐400 aircraft. A formal model of system specification was generated. The rapid prototyping task automatically generated thousands of Ada source lines of code from the specification model. The tool used on the project was Statemate. The software was executed successfully the first time. The functions and behavior of the system were demonstrated and validated by its users. This study indicated that early execution and validation of system requirements, through the use of formal modeling and rapid prototyping with direct user involvement, can be accomplished.
Slow-Wave Propagation Along Variable Schottky-Contact Microstrip Line (1976)

Schottky-contact microstrip lines (SCML) are a special type of transmission line on the semiconducting substrate: the metallic-strip conductor is specially selected to form a rectifying metal-semiconductor transition while the ground plane exhibits an ohmic metallization. Thus the cross section of SCML is similar to that of a Schottky-barrier diode. The resulting voltage-dependent capacitance per unit length causes the nonlinear behavior of such lines. In this paper a detailed analysis of the, slow-wave propagation on SCML is presented, including the effect of metallic losses. Formulas for the propagation constant and characteristic impedance are derived and an equivalent circuit is presented. Conditions for slow-mode behavior are given, particularly taking into account the influence of imperfect conductors and defining the range of many interesting applications. Experimental results performed on Si-SCML are compared with theory.
Distributed component-based software development:an incremental approach (2004)

In spite of recent and constant researches in the component-based development (CBD) area, there is still a lack of patterns, approaches and methodologies that effectively support the development "for reuse" as much as "with reuse". Considering the accelerated growth of the Internet over the last decade, where distribution has become an essential non-functional requirement of most applications, the problem becomes bigger. This paper proposes an incremental approach that integrates the concepts of component-based software engineering (CBSE), frameworks, patterns, and distribution. An experimental study evaluates the viability of using the approach and the impact of applying it in development projects
Mobility Increases Localizability (2015)

Wireless indoor positioning has been extensively studied for the past 2 decades and continuously attracted growing research efforts in mobile computing context. As the integration of multiple inertial sensors (e.g., accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer) to nowadays smartphones in recent years, human-centric mobility sensing is emerging and coming into vogue. Mobility information, as a new dimension in addition to wireless signals, can benefit localization in a number of ways, since location and mobility are by nature related in the physical world. In this article, we survey this new trend of mobility enhancing smartphone-based indoor localization. Specifically, we first study how to measure human mobility: what types of sensors we can use and what types of mobility information we can acquire. Next, we discuss how mobility assists localization with respect to enhancing location accuracy, decreasing deployment cost, and enriching location context. Moreover, considering the quality and cost of smartphone built-in sensors, handling measurement errors is essential and accordingly investigated. Combining existing work and our own working experiences, we emphasize the principles and conduct comparative study of the mainstream technologies. Finally, we conclude this survey by addressing future research directions and opportunities in this new and largely open area.