gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shared logging services for fault-tolerant distributed computing (1991)

article Free Access Share on Shared logging services for fault-tolerant distributed computing Authors: Dean Daniels IBM Almaden Research Center IBM Almaden Research CenterView Profile , Roger Haskin IBM Almaden Research Center IBM Almaden Research CenterView Profile , Jon Reinke IBM Almaden Research Center IBM Almaden Research CenterView Profile , Wayne Sawdon IBM Almaden Research Center IBM Almaden Research CenterView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems ReviewVolume 25Issue 1Jan. 1991 pp 65–68https://doi.org/10.1145/122140.122147Published:02 January 1991Publication History 3citation141DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads141Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Quantitative Ultrastructural Immunocytochemistry Using a Computerized Image Analysis System (1990)

Secretory granules in human pituitary adenoma cells have been examined indirectly for hormone epitopes by immunogold labelling of resin-embedded ultrathin sections. The specific binding of different immunoglobulin-gold complexes to the antigrowth hormone antibodies over the secretory granules was measured using a computerized image analysis system. This facilitated the assessment of the preferential binding to the target granules of gold particles with three different average particle diameters (Au7, Au11, Au17). The time of pretreatment of sections with H2O2 or a buffer was found to influence the staining considerably. The scanning electron microscopic findings of protruded secretory granules with a mountain-like surface might be relevant to the uneven distribution of immunolabels seen over the secretory granules in the adenohypophysis.
Successful replacement of fetal calf serum with human urine for in vitro culture of Leishmania donovani. (2000)

Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis claiming several thousand lives every year in Indian sub-continent. The etiological agent is grown in cell free media supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS). Urine from human beings and other mammalian species has also been reported to stimulate growth of Leishmania species No study has been carried out Leishmania donovani. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of culturing Leishmania donovani promastigotes in M199 medium supplemented with 10% human urine and compared the phenotypic and genotypic characters under supplementation with urine vis-a-vis FCS. The growth curve showed no significant difference in the promastigote counts in urine vs. FCS supplementation. The best growth was observed in cultures supplemented with the post-menopausal urine. No difference in antigenic bands and RFLP pattern was seen indicating that no alteration occurred in strain specific characters of the parasites cultured with human urine.
ANTIMURINE ANTIBODY FORMATION FOLLOWING OKT3 THERAPY (1990)

OKT3 is an IgG2a murine monoclonal antibody directed against the CD3 antigen receptor of human T lymphocytes. A major concern with OKT3 treatment in solid organ transplant recipients is the development of antimouse antibody, which may preclude retreatment with this agent. We have administered OKT3 on 215 occasions (150 renal, 34 hepatic, 26 cardiac, 5 pancreatic) in 179 patients between April 1982 and December 1988. The mean duration of treatment was 10.5 days (range, 2-22 days). Antimouse antibody data were analyzed on the most recent 133 treatment courses where the antibody status was available pretreatment. Determination of antimouse antibody production was elicited by ELISA technology at days 0, 7, 14, and 28 of OKT3 treatment. Patients were categorized according to the antibody response as follows: (a) absence of antibody; (b) low titer (1:100); or (c) high titer (greater than or equal to 1:1000). Our earlier experience has demonstrated that retreatment with OKT3 is successful in groups a and b. The development of antimurine antibodies was analyzed with regard to the following parameters: (1) The duration of OKT3 treatment; (2) treatment type (prophylactic, primary, or secondary); (3) primary treatment or retreatment; (4) concomitant immunosuppressive regimen (double or triple therapy); (5) dosage of concomitant immunosuppressive drugs; and (6) transplant organ type. The following results were obtained. (1) Duration of treatment had no effect on antibody production (11.0 days in antibody negative and 10.0 days in antibody positive). (2) There was no difference in antibody formation rates for the first treatment of OKT3 when it was used as prophylaxis (26%), primary (19%), or secondary (27%) therapy. (3) Antibody formation rate with first treatment was 29%; with retreatment, patients who were antibody negative following first treatment became positive in 28% of cases, and retreated patients who were low titer positive following first treatment converted to high titer in 57% of cases. (4) Antibody formation was higher in patients receiving double immunosuppressive therapy (36%) than in those receiving triple immunosuppressive therapy (21%) during OKT3 treatment. (5) Concomitant immunosuppression was lower in the antibody-positive group during OKT3 therapy: steroids, 61 mg/day vs. 52 mg/day; azathioprine, 89 mg/day vs. 66 mg/day; CsA, 317 mg/day vs. 186 mg/day. (6) Antibody formation rates were lower in non-renal transplants following first treatment with OKT3 (liver 17%, heart 17%, kidney 28%); this reflects the higher doses of concomitant immunosuppressive therapy used in nonrenal transplants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Immunosuppressive Exosomes: A New Approach for Treating Arthritis (2012)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease and one of the leading causes of disability in the USA. Although certain biological therapies, including protein and antibodies targeting inflammatory factors such as the tumor necrosis factor, are effective in reducing symptoms of RA, these treatments do not reverse disease. Also, although novel gene therapy approaches have shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies to treat RA, it is still unclear whether gene therapy can be readily and safely applied to treat the large number of RA patients. Recently, nanosized, endocytic-derived membrane vesicles "exosomes" were demonstrated to function in cell-to-cell communication and to possess potent immunoregulatory properties. In particular, immunosuppressive DC-derived exosomes and blood plasma- or serum-derived exosomes have shown potent therapeutic effects in animal models of inflammatory and autoimmune disease including RA. This paper discusses the current knowledge on the production, efficacy, mechanism of action, and potential therapeutic use of immunosuppressive exosomes for arthritis therapy.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor Initiates Multiple Signaling Pathways by Exclusively Coupling to Gq/11Proteins (2000)

The agonist-bound gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor engages several distinct signaling cascades, and it has recently been proposed that coupling of a single type of receptor to multiple G proteins (G(q), G(s), and G(i)) is responsible for this behavior. GnRH-dependent signaling was studied in gonadotropic alphaT3-1 cells endogenously expressing the murine receptor and in CHO-K1 (CHO#3) and COS-7 cells transfected with the human GnRH receptor cDNA. In all cell systems studied, GnRH-induced phospholipase C activation and Ca(2+) mobilization was pertussis toxin-insensitive, as was GnRH-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Whereas the G(i)-coupled m2 muscarinic receptor interacted with a chimeric G(s) protein (G(s)i5) containing the C-terminal five amino acids of Galpha(i2), the human GnRH receptor was unable to activate the G protein chimera. GnRH challenge of alphaT3-1, CHO#3 and of GnRH receptor-expressing COS-7 cells did not result in agonist-dependent cAMP formation. GnRH challenge of CHO#3 cells expressing a cAMP-responsive element-driven firefly luciferase did not result in increased reporter gene expression. However, coexpression of the human GnRH receptor and adenylyl cyclase I in COS-7 cells led to clearly discernible GnRH-dependent cAMP formation subsequent to GnRH-elicited rises in [Ca(2+)](i). In alphaT3-1 and CHO#3 cell membranes, addition of [alpha-(32)P]GTP azidoanilide resulted in GnRH receptor-dependent labeling of Galpha(q/11) but not of Galpha(i), Galpha(s) or Galpha(12/13) proteins. Thus, the murine and human GnRH receptors exclusively couple to G proteins of the G(q/11) family. Multiple GnRH-dependent signaling pathways are therefore initiated downstream of the receptor/G protein interface and are not indicative of a multiple G protein coupling potential of the GnRH receptor.
Evaluation of HCCI Engine Potentials in Comparison to Advanced Gasoline and Diesel Engines (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The objective of this program was to improve the HCCI combustion process on a single-cylinder VCR engine by calibrating engine and HCCI operation specific factors such as EGR flow rates, intake air pressure, intake air temperature, compression ratio, etc. Due to the large number of factors to be investigated, a statistical design of experiments method (DoE) was utilized in order to reduce the number of test combinations in the calibration test matrix and, thus, the duration of the engine calibration task. Upon completion of the HCCI engine calibration, the engine was operated through a steady-state test matrix representing vehicle certification test cycles. Weighting factors for each of the test points were applied to estimate the engine performance and emissions in respect to certification requirements. Additionally, mathematical correction models were developed to investigate possible engine performance improvements by means of Variable Valve Actuation and Miller combustion cycle application. A literature search for comparison of engine data from modern gasoline and diesel engines was conducted. Finally, the HCCI engine test results were compared to engine performance data from the literature search. The reported results include data plots illustrating the engine-to-engine comparison on an engine brake-specific basis (i.e. g/kwh) as well as charts estimating the performance of the HCCI combustion system in comparison to modern gasoline and diesel powered vehicles.</div>
A Survey of Optimization Methods Applied to the Design of Mechanisms (1976)

A complete survey of the application of optimization techniques to the design of mechanisms is given. The survey begins with the work of Da Vinci, Newton, and Chebychev and progresses to the most contemporary contributors including Freudenstein, Tomas, Siddall, Fox, Gupta, and Tesar. An effort is made to be complete and to show the complimentary development of the two important fields of optimization and mechanism synthesis.
The Distribution and Function of Phosphatidylserine in Cellular Membranes (2010)

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is the most abundant negatively charged phospholipid in eukaryotic membranes. PS directs the binding of proteins that bear C2 or gamma-carboxyglutamic domains and contributes to the electrostatic association of polycationic ligands with cellular membranes. Rather than being evenly distributed, PS is found preferentially in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and in endocytic membranes. The loss of PS asymmetry is an early indicator of apoptosis and serves as a signal to initiate blood clotting. This review discusses the determinants and functional implications of the subcellular distribution and membrane topology of PS.
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 inhibits inflammatory cytokine-induced C3 gene expression in astrocytes. (1994)

In this report, we show that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) can significantly inhibit the capacity of IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha to augment expression of the central component of complement C3 in the human astroglioma cell line D54-MG. Treatment of D54-MG cells with TGF-beta alone had no dose- or time-dependent effect on basal C3 protein or mRNA levels. However, TGF-beta suppressed induction of C3 expression at both the protein and mRNA level in D54-MG cells treated with inflammatory cytokines. The extent of TGF-beta-mediated suppression was cytokine-specific, and suppression of protein production did not necessarily correspond to reductions in steady-state mRNA levels for each cytokine. Similar findings were obtained at the mRNA level using primary rat astrocytes, indicating that TGF-beta can modulate C3 gene expression in nontransformed astrocytic cells. Kinetic studies demonstrated that TGF-beta mediates its suppressive effect for at least 72 h, and that pretreatment of cells with TGF-beta for as little as 2 h significantly reduced the ability of all three inflammatory cytokines to enhance C3 expression. Our results suggest that TGF-beta may play an important role in modulating the endogenous synthesis of complement by astrocytes under inflammatory conditions.
Plasmin Activity in UHT Milk: Relationship between Proteolysis, Age Gelation, and Bitterness (2014)

Plasmin, the major indigenous protease in milk, is linked to quality defects in dairy products. The specificity of plasmin on caseins has previously been studied using purified caseins and in the indigenous peptide profile of milk. We investigated the specificity and proteolytic pathway of plasmin in directly heated UHT milk (>150 °C for <0.2 s) during 14 weeks of storage at 20 °C in relation to age gelation and bitter peptides. Sixty-six peptides from αS- and β-caseins could be attributed to plasmin activity during the storage period, of which 23 were potentially bitter. Plasmin exhibited the highest affinity for the hydrophilic regions in the caseins that most probably were exposed to the serum phase and the least affinity for hydrophobic or phosphorylated regions. The proteolytic pattern observed suggests that plasmin destabilizes the casein micelle by hydrolyzing casein-casein and casein-calcium phosphate interaction sites, which may subsequently cause age gelation in UHT milk.
Selective Fowler Reductions:  Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Isofagomine and Other 1-Azasugars from Methyl Nicotinate (2000)

[figure: see text] An efficient, high-yielding strategy has been developed for the asymmetric synthesis of 1-N-iminosugars (1-azasugars), a new class of glycosidase inhibitors with promising biomedical applications. A highly regioselective procedure for the 1,2-reduction of substituted pyridines was employed to transform methyl nicotinate into several representative 1-azasugars.
An assessment on the accuracy of time-domain reflectometry for measuring the characteristic impedance of transmission lines (2001)

An assessment of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) for measuring the characteristic impedance Z/sub TL/ of transmission lines is performed. The assessment includes the accuracy of measuring ZTL as a function of TDR electrical impedance Z/sub o/, the ability to measure impedance perturbations as a function Of ZTL and Z/sub o/, and the ability to differentiate between transmission lines of similar ZTL. The information presented will be especially useful for those using 50 /spl Omega/ TDR systems to characterize transmission lines having characteristic impedances less than about 30 /spl Omega/.
Network programming support with object-oriented paradigm (2002)

The authors describe the design and implementation of the MONARCH system, which is a network programming support based on an object-oriented paradigm. As a popular programming aid for network applications, the RPC (remote procedure call) already exists. The programming style with RPC is procedure-oriented so that the abstraction level between the client and server programming is insufficient. Therefore, for further abstraction of the relationship between a server and client programs, an RPC mechanism is proposed based on an object-oriented paradigm. A network object model called active object, and a mechanism called ROI (remote object invocation) are introduced for interacting with it. The MONARCH Language, which is a new object-oriented language, was designed to support programming based on the ROI mechanism. The object model and the language design are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Peptidoglycan Recognition by Pal, an Outer Membrane Lipoprotein<sup>,</sup> (2006)

Peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (Pal) is a potential vaccine candidate from Haemophilus influenzae that is highly conserved in Gram-negative bacteria and anchored to the outer membrane through an N-terminal lipid attachment. Pal stabilizes the outer membrane by providing a noncovalent link to the peptidoglycan (PG) layer through a periplasmic domain. Using NMR spectroscopy, we determined the three-dimensional structure of a complex between the periplasmic domain of Pal and a biosynthetic peptidoglycan precursor (PG-P), UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-L-Ala-alpha-d-Glu-m-Dap-D-Ala-d-Ala (m-Dap is meso-diaminopimelate). Pal has a binding pocket lined with conserved surface residues that interacts exclusively with the peptide portion of the ligand. The m-Dap residue, which is mainly found in the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria, is sequestered in this pocket and plays an important role by forming hydrogen bond and hydrophobic contacts to Pal. The structure provides insight into the mode of cell wall recognition for a broad class of Gram-negative membrane proteins, including OmpA and MotB, which have peptidoglycan-binding domains homologous to that of Pal.
Cathodic protection of aluminum-coated steel in seawater (1987)

Flame-sprayed aluminum and zinc coatings and arc-sprayed aluminum-3% magnesium coatings have been exposed to natural seawater, and corrosion potentials, corrosion rates, and polarization curves have been obtained. Current requirements for cathodically protected aluminum coatings have been measured as a function of time. Computer modeling of the potential variation along aluminum-coated offshore structures by use of the program COMCAPS indicates that aluminum coatings combined with a small number of sacrificial anodes can provide adequate protection with considerable weight savings at acceptable costs.
Formation of porous silicon on a non-conductive substrate and its use as a sacrificial layer (2005)

Porous silicon (PS) is an excellent material to be used as a sacrificial layer (SL) for the fabrication of membranes, bridges, cantilevers and other complicated micro-sensor structures. Major advantages of this material are its smooth surface and large area of pores that provide a high rate of PS SL removal. In this work, electrochemical and chemical etching processes of porous silicon formation from polycrystalline silicon deposited on insulating substrates have been studied. It was shown that a sufficiently thick (about 2 µm), uniform PS with a smooth surface and high etching rate in buffered HF solution can be made by both electrochemical and chemical etching from low resistive p-type poly-Si only. Finally, the obtained PS layers have been used as sacrificial layers in a fabrication process of microbolometer array.
Application and device specific slicing for MVNO (2014)

In this paper, we apply the concept of software-defined data plane to defining new services for Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs). Although there are a large number of MVNOs proliferating all over the world and most of them provide low bandwidth at low price, we propose a new business model for MVNOs and empower them with capability of tailoring fine-grained subscription plans that can meet users' demands, for example allocate abundant bandwidth for some specific applications, but the rest of the applications are limited to low bandwidth. For this purpose, we propose application and/or device specific slicing that classify application and/or device specific traffic into slices and apply fine-grained quality of services (QoS). We also introduce various applications of our proposed system.
The prechordal region lacks neural inducing ability, but can confer anterior character to more posterior neuroepithelium (1997)

The avian equivalent of Spemann's organizer, Hensen's node, begins to lose its ability to induce a nervous system from area opaca epiblast cells at stage 4+, immediately after the full primitive streak stage. From this stage, the node is no longer able to induce regions of the nervous system anterior to the hindbrain. Stage 4+ is marked by the emergence from the node of a group of cells, the prechordal mesendoderm. Here we have investigated whether the prechordal region possesses the lost functions of the organizer, using quail-chick chimaeras to distinguish graft- and host-derived cells, together with several region-specific molecular markers. We find that the prechordal region does not have neural inducing ability, as it is unable to divert extraembryonic epiblast cells to a neural fate. However, it can confer more anterior character to prospective hindbrain cells of the host, making them acquire expression of the forebrain markers tailless and Otx-2. It can also rescue the expression of Krox-20 and Otx-2 from nervous system induced by an older (stage 5) node in extraembryonic epiblast. We show that these properties reflect a true change of fate of cells rather than recruitment from other regions. The competence of neuroectoderm to respond to anteriorizing signals declines by stages 7-9, but both posteriorizing signals and the ability of neuroectoderm to respond to them persist after this stage.
correlation between latex stability data determined by practical and colloid chemistry-based methods (2007)

In order to test the applicability of colloid chemistry-based methods for the evaluation of latex stability, poly(vinyl acetate) latices were modified by copolymerization and emulsifier addition. The copolymerization with ethylene sulfonic acid sodium salt (ESASS) proved to be an effective procedure to enhance the latex stability. The addition of a nonylphenol-poly(ethylene oxide) sulfate ammonium salt (Hoe S2928) was less effective.By these methods one series each was prepared with the amount of comonomer or emulsifier increased gradually. A different latex stability was obtained upon shearing and storage at 70°C, depending on concentration.The different stability could easily be measured by practical methods, e.g., solids content and particle size distribution determined by Laser Aerosol Spectroscopy (LAS) and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS).The data of critical Coagulation Concentration (CCC) with CaCl2 specified by turbidity measurements correlate with the stability determined by practical methods, as well as the determination of surface charges by polyelectrolyte titration with a Streaming Current Detector (SCD).On the contrary, Zeta Potential determined by Mass-Transport Electrophoresis and Microelectrophoresis of the original, dialyzed or thoroughly cleaned latices did not correlate with latex stability. A good correlation, however, could be found between Zeta Potential and the other criteria of the latex stability during a coagulating titration with a cationic polymer.