gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel lung nodules detection scheme based on vessel segmentation on CT images (2014)

Lung vessels often interfere with the detection of lung nodules. In this paper, a novel computer-aided lung nodule detection scheme on vessel segmentation is proposed. This paper describes an active contour model which can combine image region mean gray value and image edge energy. It is used to segment and remove lung vessels. A selective shape filter based on Hessian Matrix is used to detect suspicious nodules and remove omitted lung vessels. This paper extracts density, shape and position features of suspicious nodules, and uses a Rule-Based Classification (RBC) method to identify true positive nodules. In the experiment results, the detection sensitivity is about 90% and FP is 1/scan.
The adage graphics terminal (1968)

Interactive computer graphics applications require that the system present visual displays to the user for his interpretation and that these displays change in response to actions taken by the user as he goes about solving the problem for which he is using the system. Effectiveness of a graphics system is very dependent upon the complexity of the displays which it is able to present and the speed with which it can produce changes in the displayed image. A CRT displaying dynamic images of sufficient complexity for meaningful visual assimilation imposes a data transfer and arithmetic burden very much greater than that imposed by such conventional output media as typewriters, line printers and point plotters.
Reactions of DL-trans-4,5-dicarbomethoxy-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of DL-trans-4,5-dicarbomethoxy-2-phenyl-2-oxazolineJames M. Riordan, Thomas L. McLean, and Charles H. StammerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 22, 3219–3221Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00910a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00910a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Self-Assembled Monolayer Films from Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2001)

We report the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold substrates by exposure to n-alkanethiols [CH3(CH2)n-1SH; n = 8, 10, 12, 16, and 18] in liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide. The results of this novel study show that an environmentally friendly solvent can be used to form highly crystalline SAMs with few gauche defects and that pressure as well as exposure time can be used to affect the structural and barrier properties of the monolayer film. Reflectance infrared spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and wetting measurements were used to characterize the SAMs. The effects of pressure (76−300 bar) and adsorption time (3−90 min) on the formation of the SAMs were explored. The overall chain density of these SAMs was greater than that for SAMs formed in common organic solvents such as ethanol. The properties of the SAMs were slightly affected by the pressure during formation. At 35 °C, as the carbon dioxide pressure increased (from 76 to about 140 bar), the packing density and resistance of the SAM increased. SAMs prepared at higher pressures ranging from about 140 to 300 bar exhibited similar resistances, capacitances, and canted structures. There was also no significant difference in using liquid (25 °C and 103 bar) or supercritical (35 °C and 103 bar) carbon dioxide for SAM formation. Supercritical carbon dioxide also enabled the formation of SAMs using polar adsorbates (−OH- and −CO2H-terminated thiols) to prepare high-energy surfaces that are wet by water.
Complex of soluble human IL-6-receptor/IL-6 up-regulates expression of acute-phase proteins (1992)

IL-6 is a major regulator of acute phase protein synthesis in the liver. It exerts its action via a plasma membrane receptor consisting of two subunits, a ligand binding 80-kDa glycoprotein and a 130-kDa glycoprotein involved in signal transduction. We genetically generated a soluble form of the 80-kDa subunit of the human IL-6R (shIL-6R) in mouse fibroblasts (NIH/3T3 cells). The shIL-6R added to human hepatoma cells (HepG2) amplified the induction of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and haptoglobin by IL-6 at the mRNA and protein level. Moreover, a model for a liver permanently exposed to high IL-6 concentrations has been developed; HepG2 cells were stably transfected with human IL-6-cDNA; 10(6) of the transfected cells (HepG2-IL-6) synthesized and secreted 2 micrograms of IL-6 within 24 h. Incubation of these cells with endogenous or exogenous IL-6 did not result in acute-phase protein induction. However, these IL-6-desensitized cells responded to other cytokines such as leukemia inhibitory factor, transforming growth factor beta 1, and IFN-gamma, known to modulate acute phase protein synthesis in the liver. Incubation of HepG2-IL-6 cells with shIL-6R reconstituted their responsiveness to IL-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The possible biologic role that might be played by the shIL-6R in disease is discussed.
Identification and quantification of metabolites in 1H NMR spectra by Bayesian model selection (2011)

The R package BQuant is available at: http://www.stat.purdue.edu/~ovitek/BQuant-Web/.
Improvement in Peptide Detection for Proteomics Analyses Using NanoLC−MS and High-Field Asymmetry Waveform Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry (2005)

Sensitive and selective detection of multiply charged peptide ions from complex tryptic digests was achieved using high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) combined with nanoscale liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (nanoLC-FAIMS-MS). The combination of FAIMS provided a marked advantage over conventional nanoLC-MS experiments by reducing the extent of chemical noise associated with singly charged ions and enhancing the overall population of detectable tryptic peptides. Such advantages were evidenced by a 6-12-fold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio measurements for a wide range of multiply charged peptide ions. An increase of 20% in the number of detected peptides compared to conventional nanoelectrospray was achieved by transmitting ions of different mobilities at high electric field vs low field while simultaneously recording each ion population in separate mass spectrometry acquisition channels. This method provided excellent reproducibility across replicate nanoLC-FAIMS-MS runs with more than 90% of all detected peptide ions showing less than 30% variation in intensity. The application of this technique in the context of proteomics research is demonstrated for the identification of trace-level proteins showing differential expression in U937 monocyte cell extracts following incubation with phorbol ester.
p19Arf-p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway Regulates Cell Motility by Suppression of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase and Rac1 GTPase Activities (2003)

The p19(Arf)-p53 tumor suppressor pathway plays a critical role in cell-cycle checkpoint control and apoptosis, whereas Rho family small GTPases are key regulators of actin structure and cell motility. By using primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts that lack Arf, p53, or both, we studied the involvement of the p19(Arf)-p53 pathway in the regulation of cell motility and its relationship with Rho GTPases. Deletion of Arf and/or p53 led to actin cytoskeleton reorganization and a significant increase in cell motility. The endogenous phosphoinositide (PI) 3- kinase and Rac1 activities were elevated in Arf(-/-) and p53(-/-) cells, and these activities are required for p19(Arf)- and p53-regulated migration. Reintroduction of the wild type Arf or p53 genes into Arf(-/-) or p53(-/-) cells reversed the PI 3-kinase and Rho GTPase activities as well as the migration phenotype. These results suggest a functional relationship between an established tumor suppressor pathway and a signaling module that controls actin structure and cell motility and show that p19(Arf) and p53 negatively regulate cell migration by suppression of PI 3-kinase and Rac1 activities.
Identification of Malassezia species isolated from scalp skin of patients with psoriasis and healthy subjects. (2003)

The role of Malassezia species in psoriasis is still undetermined, but several reports have associated these lipophilic yeasts with the development of skin lesions in psoriasis. The aim of our study was to analyze the prevalence of Malassezia species in the scalp lesions of patients with psoriasis and assess the distribution of the species according to patient sex, age, and duration of the disease. Forty psoriatic patients with scalp involvement and the same number of clinically healthy individuals were included in the study. The samples were obtained by scraping the skin surface of the scalp of all subjects and then incubated on modified Dixon agar. The yeasts isolated were identified by their morphological and physiological properties according to Guillot et al method. M.globosa in its yeast phase was a predominant species (55%), followed by M.slooffiae (18%) and M.restricta (10%), the latter being the most common species isolated from healthy scalp skin. We found significant difference in the distribution of Malassezia species between psoriatic and healthy scalp skin and in the distribution of Malassezia species according to the severity of the scalp involvement.
A randomised trial comparing the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and thermal balloon ablation for heavy menstrual bleeding (2006)

At 12 and 24 months of follow up, women with heavy menstrual bleeding treated with the LNG-IUS have significantly lower PBAC scores than women treated with thermal balloon ablation. Both the treatments resulted in a significant increase in overall quality of life, but there were no significant differences between either treatment in quality of life, patient satisfaction or the number of women requesting an alternative treatment during 24 months of follow up.
A Codesign Prototyping Framework for Wireless LAN Transceivers with Smart Antennas (2007)

OFDM Wireless LANs based on the IEEE 802.11 standard are complex systems in themselves. When smart antennas are used in such systems, both the MAC and the PHY layers must be redefined in order to achieve application-specific goals. As a result, the development of such systems can become impressively heavy. A complete development framework is presented here. It makes use of hardware/software codesign in order to implement all required layers to develop a wireless access point. The entire framework is targeted at an FPGA platform, providing full flexibility and processing power for the development of PHY layers.
Observing Nurse Interaction with Infusion Pump Technologies (2005)

In this paper, we describe the use of observational methods to assess the interaction between nurses and medication administration technologies. The observations were conducted to examine the use of point-of-care bar code technology and pre- and post-implementation of intravenous (IV) pumps with medication delivery software to prevent programming errors (known as Safe Medication Administration through Technologies and Human Factors or SMArTHF or Smart IV pumps). A total of 62 observations were conducted for the bar code technology, 52 observations were conducted pre-implementation of the Smart IV pumps, and 63 observations post-implementation of the Smart IV pumps. We describe the procedures used to collect data, and we present preliminary observation data analysis on the physical environment and the sequence of steps used in the medication administration process under three technological conditions (bar code technology, IV pump technology (before implementation of Smart IV pump), and Smart IV pump technology (after implementation of Smart IV pump).
Aromatization of Shikimic Acid in the Rat and the Role of Gastrointestinal Micro-Organisms (1976)

Conference Article| June 01 1976 Aromatization of Shikimic Acid in the Rat and the Role of Gastrointestinal Micro-Organisms DAVID BREWSTER; DAVID BREWSTER 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ROBIN S. JONES; ROBIN S. JONES 2Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DENNIS V. PARKE DENNIS V. PARKE 3Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1976) 4 (3): 518–521. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0040518 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID BREWSTER, ROBIN S. JONES, DENNIS V. PARKE; Aromatization of Shikimic Acid in the Rat and the Role of Gastrointestinal Micro-Organisms. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1976; 4 (3): 518–521. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0040518 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search © 1976 Biochemical Society1976 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Diffraction-limited ultrabroadband terahertz spectroscopy (2016)

Diffraction is the ultimate limit at which details of objects can be resolved in conventional optical spectroscopy and imaging systems. In the THz spectral range, spectroscopy systems increasingly rely on ultra-broadband radiation (extending over more 5 octaves) making a great challenge to reach resolution limited by diffraction. Here, we propose an original easy-to-implement wavefront manipulation concept to achieve ultrabroadband THz spectroscopy system with diffraction-limited resolution. Applying this concept to a large-area photoconductive emitter, we demonstrate diffraction-limited ultra-broadband spectroscopy system up to 14.5 THz with a dynamic range of 10(3). The strong focusing of ultrabroadband THz radiation provided by our approach is essential for investigating single micrometer-scale objects such as graphene flakes or living cells, and besides for achieving intense ultra-broadband THz electric fields.
Prime Mover: A Natural History of Muscle (2001)

Whether we blink an eye, lift a finger, throw a spear or a ball, walk, run, or merely breathe, we are using muscle. Although muscles differ little in appearance and performance across the animal kingdom, they accomplish tasks as diverse as making flies fly, rattlesnakes rattle, and squid shoot their tentacles. Our everyday activities turn on the performance of nature's main engine: we may breathe harder going uphill, but we put more strain on our muscles walking downhill. Those of us who are right-handed can tighten screws and jar lids more forcibly than we can loosen them. Here we're treated to the story of how form and performance make these things happen-how nature does her work. Steven Vogel is a leader in the great new field of bioengineering, which is rapidly explaining the beauty and efficiency of nature. His talents as both scientist and writer shine in this masterful narrative of biological ingenuity, as he relates the story-and science-of nature's greatest engine.
Distributed Switching for Data Transmission over Two-Way CATV (1985)

Most of tile present approaches to two-way interactive CATV focus on the centralized approach, in which all traffic must travel to the CATV head end. In this paper, we present a distributed approach, in which intelligent store-and-forward packet switches are to be installed at various locations on the cable. The analysis emphasizes three main criteria: the maximum traffic flow on the cable, the throughput of each switch, and the average message delay. Two possible schemes are compared. In one, the switches appear on the main trunk only. In the second, switches are used at branch locations as well.
IL-12 unmasks latent autoimmune disease in resistant mice. (1996)

Inbred mice exhibit a spectrum of susceptibility to induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). We have compared the immune responses of the susceptible SJL (H-2s) and resistant B10.S (H-2s) strains to determine factors other than the MHC background which control resistance/susceptibility to EAE. The resistance of the B10.S strain was found to be secondary to an antigen-specific defect in the generation of Th 1 cells that produce IFN gamma. This defect in IFN gamma production could be restored by exposure of the myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive T cells to IL-12 with the subsequent induction of the ability to transfer EAE to naive recipients. These findings have important implications for the therapeutic use of IL-12 and IL-12 antagonists and may explain the association between relapses/exacerbation of autoimmune disease and infectious diseases.
Identiﬁcation of Auger effect as the dominant mechanism for efficiency droop of LEDs (2014)

We discuss the unambiguous detection of Auger electrons by electron emission (EE) spectroscopy from a cesiated InGaN/GaN light-emitting diode (LED) under electrical injection. Electron emission spectra were measured as a function of the current injected in the device. The appearance of high-energy electron peaks simultaneously with the droop in LED efficiency shows that hot carriers are being generated in the active region (InGaN quantum wells) by an Auger process. A linear correlation was measured between the high energy emitted electron current and the “droop current” - the missing component of the injected current for light emission. We conclude that the droop originates from the onset of Auger processes. We compare such a direct identification of the droop mechanism with other identifications, most of them indirect and based on the many-parameter modeling of the dependence of the external quantum efficiency on the carrier injection.
A packaged micromachined switched tunable inductor (2007)

A new implementation of micromachined switched tunable inductors using transformer action and electrostatically- actuated switches is presented. The inductors and the micromachined ohmic switches are made of silver (Ag) to minimize the resistive loading on the effective inductance and achieve large tuning and high quality factor (Q). The presented tunable inductor is packaged using a low-cost wafer-level polymer packaging technique and shows no degradation in quality factor after packaging.
Serum and Urine Metabolite Profiling Reveals Potential Biomarkers of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma* (2011)

Vol.10 (2011) 1–13 DOI:10.1074/mcp.A110.004945 Legends for figures 2 and 3 have been revised along with abbreviation for HCC; hepatocellular carcinoma. The online version of this article reflects these changes.
Malignant transformation of early lymphoid progenitors in mice expressing an activated Blk tyrosine kinase (1998)

The intracellular signals governing cellular proliferation and developmental progression during lymphocyte development are incompletely understood. The tyrosine kinase Blk is expressed preferentially in the B lineage, but its function in B cell development has been largely unexplored. We have generated transgenic mice expressing constitutively active Blk [Blk(Y495F)] in the B and T lymphoid compartments. Expression of Blk(Y495F) in the B lineage at levels similar to that of endogenous Blk induced B lymphoid tumors of limited clonality, whose phenotypes are characteristic of B cell progenitors at the proB/preB-I to preB-II transition. Expression of constitutively active Blk in the T lineage resulted in the appearance of clonal, thymic lymphomas composed of intermediate single positive cells. Taken together, these results indicate that specific B and T cell progenitor subsets are preferentially susceptible to transformation by Blk(Y495F) and suggest a role for Blk in the control of proliferation during B cell development.
Adaptive ARQ using complementary coding and signal editing (2003)

Two techniques, complementary coding and signal editing, are introduced to improve satellite automatic repeat request (ARQ) communications. In conventional ARQ systems, one transmission and one retransmission can only provide two chances to acquire the correct message signal. However, when the two new techniques are integrated with ARQ, it could result in a total of thirteen opportunities to acquire and reconstruct the message signal. This implies that, if a lower rate error correction code can be split into high rate complementary codes and the coded sequences transmitted in different time sequences, more opportunities to derive the correct message signal will occur.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Measuring Antioxidant Efficiency of Wort, Malt, and Hops against the 2,2‘-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) Dihydrochloride-Induced Oxidation of an Aqueous Dispersion of Linoleic Acid (2000)

This paper presents a simple, convenient method for determining the efficiency of antioxidants in aqueous systems. Production of conjugated diene hydroperoxide by oxidation of linoleic acid in an aqueous dispersion is monitored at 234 nm. 2, 2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride is used as a free radical initiator. Among 12 antioxidants tested, phenolic compounds proved to be the most efficient, both kinetically and in terms of the inhibition time (T(inh)). Applied to wort, malt, and hops, the method confirmed a significant antioxidant activity in such products, especially hops. This assay can be used to follow oxidative changes throughout the brewing process and to understand the contribution of each raw material.
Implosion experiments with D2, 3He filled microspheres (1978)

Glass microspheres filled with D2 and 3He were imploded using the LLL 1.06 μm Argus laser. The energetic 14.7-MeV protons from the D-3He reactions were measured. By taking the ratio of the number of D-3He reactions to the D-D reactions, ion temperatures were calculated. The results were compared with numerical modeling of the experiments.