gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic scalable P2P resource location services (2002)

Scalable resource discovery services form the core of directory and other middleware services. Scalability requirements preclude centralized solutions. The need to have directory services that are highly robust and that can scale with the number of resources and the performance of individual nodes, points to Peer-to-Peer (P2P) architectures as a promising approach. The resource location problem can be simply stated as "given a resource name, find the location of a node or nodes that manage the resource." We call this the deterministic location problem. In a very large network, it is clearly not feasible to contact all nodes to locate a resource. Therefore, we modify the problem statement to "given a resource name, find with a given probability, the location of a node or nodes that manage the resource." We call this a probabilistic location approach. We present a protocol that solves this problem and develop an analytical model to compute the probability that a directory entry is found, the fraction of peers involved in a search, and the average number of hops required to find a directory entry. Numerical results clearly show that the proposed approach achieves high probability of finding the entry while involving a relatively small fraction of the total number of peers. The analytical results are further validated by results obtained from an implementation of the proposed protocol in a cluster of workstations.
A Rheolytic System for Percutaneous Coronary and Peripheral Plaque Removal (1991)

A method for plaque dissolution has been identified that percutaneously delivers a pulsatile high-velocity stream of saline to the site of an atheromatous lesion within a coronary or peripheral artery. In vitro evaluation and in vivo canine and porcine testing were performed using this 'rheolytic' system to determine its feasibility in ablating calcified plaque and soft thrombotic tissue. A prototype rheolytic guidewire capable of providing 30,000 psi of internal pressure was designed to fit within the guidewire lumen of a standard percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty catheter. An additional over-the-wire rheolytic catheter was fabricated to follow a standard .014-inch guidewire. The rheolytic devices were tested in vitro with simulated atheromatous and thrombotic lesions to evaluate the size and quantity of the particulate effluent. The particulate was then sterilized, mixed with saline, and introduced percutaneously into the animal kidney and heart for evaluation. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the rheolytic catheter and guidewire were able to follow both a coronary and femoral arterial model and successfully ablate the simulated lesions. The particle size for osseous, muscular, and cartilagenous tissue ranged from 2 to 6 micrometers; for fresh human plaque the particles ranged from 2 to 15 micrometers. Injection of cartilagenous and plaque particles into the animal model caused very slight regions of necrosis but no clinical sequelae. Applications of the rheolytic devices to the animal femoral artery demonstrated that both devices could ablate and cross calified or soft thrombosed lesions without damage to the vessel wall; the rheolytic catheter provided a debulking of the plaque.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Role of Chemokines in the Pathophysiology of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) (1999)

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute life-threatening illness characterized by the rapid onset of severe respiratory failure, usually following sepsis, trauma, or other clinical events. The clinical hallmarks of ARDS are diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, critical hypoxemia, and normal intracardiac filling pressures (1). The underlying pathophysiologic mechanism is severe and diffuse injury to the epithelial and endothelial barriers in the lungs, and flooding of the airspaces with a proteinaceous fibrin-rich exudate. Since the first description of ARDS, it has been suspected that acute inflammatory mechanisms in the lungs played an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Studies using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to sample the airspaces of affected patients have consistently shown that the intrapulmonary inflammatory response is characterized by the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), protein, and a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in the airspaces of the lungs.KeywordsLung InjuryRespiratory Distress SyndromeAcute Lung InjuryAlveolar MacrophageAcute Respiratory Distress SyndromeThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Following Gaze in Video (2017)

Following the gaze of people inside videos is an important signal for understanding people and their actions. In this paper, we present an approach for following gaze in video by predicting where a person (in the video) is looking even when the object is in a different frame. We collect VideoGaze, a new dataset which we use as a benchmark to both train and evaluate models. Given one frame with a person in it, our model estimates a density for gaze location in every frame and the probability that the person is looking in that particular frame. A key aspect of our approach is an end-to-end model that jointly estimates: saliency, gaze pose, and geometric relationships between views while only using gaze as supervision. Visualizations suggest that the model learns to internally solve these intermediate tasks automatically without additional supervision. Experiments show that our approach follows gaze in video better than existing approaches, enabling a richer understanding of human activities in video.
New esteric components in the volatiles of banana fruit (Musa sapientum L.) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew esteric components in the volatiles of banana fruit (Musa sapientum L.)Haruyasu. ShiotaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 11, 2056–2062Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00035a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views558Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic Vehicle Detection, Tracking and Recognition of License Plate in Real Time Videos (2013)

Automatic video analysis from traffic surveillance cameras is a fast-emerging field based on computer vision techniques. It is a key technology to public safety, intelligent transport system (ITS) and for efficient management of traffic. In recent years, there has been an increased scope for automatic analysis of traffic activity. We define video analytics as computer-vision-based surveillance algorithms and systems to extract contextual information from video. In traffic scenarios several monitoring objectives can be supported by the application of computer vision and pattern recognition techniques, including the detection of traffic violations (e.g., illegal turns and one-way streets) and the identification of road users (e.g., vehicles, motorbikes, and pedestrians). Currently most reliable approach is through the recognition of number plates, i.e., automatic number plate recognition (ANPR), which is also known as automatic license plate recognition (ALPR), or radio frequency transponders. Here full-featured automatic system for vehicle detection, tracking and license plate recognition is presented. This system has many applications in pattern recognition and machine vision and they ranges from complex security systems to common areas and from parking admission to urban traffic control. This system has complex characteristics due to diverse effects as fog, rain, shadows, uneven illumination conditions, occlusion, variable distances, velocity of car, scene's angle in frame, rotation of plate, number of vehicles in the scene and others. The main objective of this work is to show a system that solves the practical problem of car identification for real scenes. All steps of the process, from video acquisition to optical character recognition are considered to achieve an automatic identification of plates.
Many Parallel Losses of infA from Chloroplast DNA during Angiosperm Evolution with Multiple Independent Transfers to the Nucleus (2001)

Ronny S. Millen, Richard G. Olmstead, Keith L. Adams, Jeffrey D. Palmer, Nga T. Lao, Laura Heggie, Tony A. Kavanagh, Julian M. Hibberd, John C. Gray, Clifford W. Morden, Patrick J. Calie, Lars S. Jermiin, Kenneth H. Wolfe, Many Parallel Losses of infA from Chloroplast DNA during Angiosperm Evolution with Multiple Independent Transfers to the Nucleus, The Plant Cell, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Mar., 2001), pp. 645-658
Redox Regulation of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (1997)

The recent data on redox regulation of the mitochondrial cyclosporin-sensitive pore are reviewed here. They indicate that the pore is modulated by the redox state of pyridine nucleotides and glutathione at two independent sites. Special attention is paid to experimental approaches for studying this phenomenon in isolated mitochondria. The relation between oxidative stress and the opening of the mitochondrial pore in some cases of cell injury and in programmed cell death (apoptosis) is discussed.
Hierarchical Semantic Processing Architecture for Smart Sensors in Surveillance Networks (2012)

Data acquisition by multidomain data acquisition provides means for environment perception usable for detecting unusual and possibly dangerous situations. When being automated, this approach can simplify surveillance tasks required in, for example, airports or other security sensitive infrastructures. This paper describes a novel architecture for surveillance networks based on combining multimodal sensor information. Compared to previous methodologies using only video information, the proposed approach also uses audio data thus increasing its ability to obtain valuable information about the sensed environment. A hierarchical processing architecture for observation and surveillance systems is proposed, which recognizes a set of predefined behaviors and learns about normal behaviors. Deviations from “normality” are reported in a way understandable even for staff without special training. The processing architecture, including the physical sensor nodes, is called smart embedded network of sensing entities (SENSE).
An Unusual Dehalogenating Peroxidase from the Marine Terebellid Polychaete Amphitrite ornata (1996)

The terebellid polychaete Amphitrite ornata produces no detectable volatile halogenated secondary metabolites, but frequently inhabits coastal marine sediments heavily contaminated with anthropogenic or biogenic haloaromatic compounds. This animal contains high levels of two very unusual enzymes, dehalogenating peroxidases. We have purified and partially characterized one of these dehaloperoxidases, DHP I. DHP I is a heme enzyme (Mr = 30,790) composed of two identical subunits (Mr = 15,529) and is very rich in the amino acids aspartic acid (+ asparagine) and glutamic acid (+ glutamine). The enzyme converts trihalogenated phenols, such as 2,4,6-tribromophenol, into dihalogenated quinones. The optimum pH for this reaction is 5.0. DHP I is also active against di- and monohalogenated phenols and will oxidize bromo-, chloro-, and fluorophenols. We have identified similar dehaloperoxidase activities in other infaunal polychaetes, including halometabolite-producing species.
Passive Perchorionic Carcinogen Bioassay Using Rainbow Trout (<i>Salmo gairdneri</i>) Embryos (1986)

A noninvasive method for exposing eyed-stage rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) embryos to chemicals in a bioassay for toxicity and carcinogenicity was tested with four known mammalian carcinogens. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were applied topically in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to the chorion of developing rainbow trout embryos. All chemicals were toxic and decreased viability of fry after hatching. In addition, AFB1 (90 ng/egg) increased mortality in the egg stage and was the most toxic chemical tested. After a latent period of eight months, all chemicals had induced liver neoplasms in surviving fingerlings. The incidence of liver neoplasia ranged from 4.8% for DMN at 170.7 µg/egg to 76.9% for MNNG at 20.5 µg/egg and generally was in the form of basophilic foci of altered hepatocytes. Eleven months post exposure, all treatment groups had individuals with well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. The data suggest that the method has the potential to be a useful bioassay for chemical carcinogenicity.
Resurgence of chikungunya virus in India: an emerging threat (2006)

Since December 2005, an outbreak of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has been ongoing in various states of India
Transfer and expression of three cloned human non-HLA-A,B,C class I major histocompatibility complex genes in mutant lymphoblastoid cells. (1988)

The HLA-A, -B, and -C class I human histocompatibility antigens and the genes that encode them have been isolated and characterized. Apparently complete class I non-HLA-A, B, C genes have been identified on HindIII-generated 5.4-kilobase (kb), 6.0-kb, and 6.2-kb DNA fragments derived from lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) 721. We studied the expressibility of these genes by subcloning them into the nonintegrating pHeBo vector and transferring the chimeric plasmids into mutant LCL 721.221. This mutant was derived from LCL 721 by means of immunoselections following gamma-ray mutagenesis that eliminated expressions of the HLA-A, -B, and -C alpha chains. The HLA-A, B, C-null phenotype of mutant 721.221 made it possible to monitor the expression of class I genes transferred into it by assaying cell surface binding of monoclonal antibodies BBM.1 and W6/32, which recognize beta 2-microglobulin and HLA class I alpha-chain epitopes, respectively. Increased binding of BBM.1 and W6/32 was clearly observed in transferents containing the class I gene of the 6.0-kb DNA fragment but not in transferents containing the class I genes of the 5.4- and 6.2-kb DNA fragments. However, one-dimensional gel electrophoresis of BBM.1 and W6/32 immunoprecipitates made with [35S]methionine-labeled cell lysates showed that transfer of each non-HLA-A, B, C class I gene into 721.221 resulted in the appearance of an alpha chain that coprecipitated with beta 2-microglobulin. The three previously unreported alpha chains differed from each other in size and were smaller than HLA-A, -B, and -C alpha chains. These observations clearly show that these three cloned, nonallelic, non-HLA-A, B, C class I genes encode alpha chains that can be expressed in human cells.
The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetis (de Navarre, Maison G) (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTThe Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetis (de Navarre, Maison G)Florence E. Wall Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1942, 19, 10, 501Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1942Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1942Published inissue 1 October 1942https://doi.org/10.1021/ed019p501.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views433Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (594 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Factors Affecting Expansion of Corn Meals with Poor and Good Expansion Properties (1998)

ABSTRACT Two corn meals, one with good and one with poor expansion properties, were used to study the critical factors responsible for poor expansion during corn curl extrusion. Screening tests revealed that the corn meal with poor expansion had a slightly larger particle size. This sample also had a larger proportion of opaque particles compared to the corn meal with good expansion. Extrusion of coarse corn grits showed that larger particle size alone could cause poor expansion. Water diffusion tests showed that the sample containing more opaque particles was more competitive for water. As a result, in corn that contained both opaque and vitreous particles less water was available to the vitreous particles. The underplastisized (dry) vitreous particles remained glassy (unmelted) during extrusion, resulting in reduced expansion of the extrudates. The results suggest that addition of water to the conditioning cylinder of the extruder would overcome poor expansion.
[Inhibitory effect of soman on stress induced hyperthermia in rats and the influence of central and peripheral cholinergic antagonists]. (2008)

Inhibitory effect of soman on the open field hyperthermia suggested that soman treatment hampered the ability of the rat to develop a normal hyperthermic response when placed in the open-field environment. Its inhibitory effects were mediated primarily through a central muscarinic pathway. In addition, peripheral cholinergic nerve was involved in the control of stress hyperthermic response.
Cutting Edge: Increased NK Cell Activity in HIV-1-Exposed but Uninfected Vietnamese Intravascular Drug Users (2003)

We addressed the role of innate immunity in the protection against HIV-1 infection by studying NK cell function in 37 Vietnamese intravascular drug users (IDUs), who appeared to remain HIV-1 uninfected despite many years of high-risk exposure (exposed uninfected, EU), 10 IDUs who underwent seroconversion and 28 unexposed blood donors. Main results were: NK cell lytic activities against both the NK-susceptible K562 cell line and the NK-resistant Daudi cell line were significantly augmented in EU IDUs compared with either controls or seroconverters before or after seroconversion; NK cells producing the cytokines IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha and the beta chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 were also increased in the EU IDUs, either after in vitro activation or without stimulation. The finding of an enhanced NK cell function in EU IDUs, especially compared with IDUs who became HIV-1 infected, supports the hypothesis that NK cells contribute to the protection against HIV-1 infection.
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (2006)

amma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a cell-surface protein contributing to the extracellular catabolism of glutathione (GSH). 1 The enzyme is produced in many tissues, but most GGT in serum is derived from the liver. 1 In the serum, GGT is carried primarily with lipoproteins and albumin. 2 Serum levels of GGT are determined by several factors: alcohol intake, body fat content, plasma lipid/lipoproteins and glucose levels, and various medications. 1,3,
Effect of thiophanate methyl on the incidence of scab and the mycotoxin contamination in wheat and barley. (1988)

圃場でのムギ赤かび病被害率, Fusarium汚染粒率およびマイコトキシン汚染を指標として,チオファネートメチル剤散布による赤かび病とトリコテセン系マイコトキシン汚染の防止効果を検討した。ムギの出穂期にトップジンM剤を2回散布することにより,赤かび病の発生とFusarium汚染を効率的に防止すると同時に, NIVとDONによる汚染をも抑えることが明らかにされた。また,薬剤散布の有無にかかわらず, NIVとDONとの間には高い正の相関が認められたことから,トップジンM剤はNIVまたはDON産生菌(F. graminearum)に対し同程度の阻止効果を示すものと考えられた。さらに,赤かび病の発生が少なく,一般に薬剤散布の必要性がないと見做される場合でもマイコトキシンの汚染は認められたが,トップジンM剤散布によりきわめて有効に抑止することができた。
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with (18)F-based radiotracers. (2012)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging technique that is widely used in early detection and treatment follow up of many diseases, including cancer. This modality requires positron-emitting isotope labeled biomolecules, which are synthesized prior to perform imaging studies. Fluorine-18 is one of the several isotopes of fluorine that is routinely used in radiolabeling of biomolecules for PET; because of its positron emitting property and favorable half-life of 109.8 min. The biologically active molecule most commonly used for PET is 2-deoxy-2-(18)F-fluoro-β-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), an analogue of glucose, for early detection of tumors. The concentrations of tracer accumulation (PET image) demonstrate the metabolic activity of tissues in terms of regional glucose metabolism and accumulation. Other tracers are also used in PET to image the tissue concentration. In this review, information on fluorination and radiofluorination reactions, radiofluorinating agents, and radiolabeling of various compounds and their application in PET imaging is presented.
Broadband Photonic RF Channelization Based on Coherent Optical Frequency Combs and I/Q Demodulators (2012)

In this paper, a novel photonic-assisted broadband and high-resolution radio-frequency (RF) channelization scheme based on dual coherent optical frequency combs (OFCs), regular optical de-muxes, and I/Q demodulators is analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. The use of two coherent combs avoids precise optical alignment, and a numerical filter in digital signal processor (DSP) enables an ideal rectangular frequency response in each channel without any ultranarrow optical filters. Besides, due to the use of I/Q demodulators, ambiguous frequency estimate in direct detection is avoided. By using two coherent OFCs with the free spectrum range (FSR) of about 40 GHz, we experimentally demonstrate the channelization scheme with seven channels, 500-MHz channel spacing, and frequency coverage from 3.75 to 7.25 GHz. The input RF tones are accurately downconverted to an intermediate frequency (IF) with a maximum frequency error of 125 kHz. Meanwhile, the channel frequency response and crosstalk of the scheme are also evaluated experimentally.