gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Speech Bandwidth Extension Using Generative Adversarial Networks (2018)

Speech blind bandwidth extension technologies have been available for some time, but until now have not seen widespread deployment, partly because the added bandwidth has been accompanied by added artifacts. In this paper, we present three generations of blind bandwidth extension technologies, from Vector Quantization mapping through Gaussian Mixture Models, to our latest architecture based on deep neural networks using Generative Adversarial Networks. This latest approach shows a sharp jump in quality, and demonstrates that machine-learning based blind bandwidth extension algorithms can achieve quality equal to wideband codecs, both objectively and subjectively. We believe that blind bandwidth extension can now achieve sufficiently high quality to warrant deployment in the existing telecommunication networks.
Recognition of musical tonality from sound input (2002)

Work on the problem of computer based determination of the musical mode and tonality of a melody from sound input is presented. The study proposes a tool for determination of a time dependent tonal context vector for melodies from acoustical input. Each element of this vector, called a tonal component, indicates the extent of a specific scale usage. The system is made up of two stages: The first is involved in digital signal processing and is used to convert sound input of melodies into a sequence of musical note intervals and their associated occurrence times. The second stage uses finite state automats to match patterns of the interval sequences with pre-programmed scale patterns. The output consists of a time dependent tonal context vector whose elements are relative strengths of various tonal components regarding the melody under consideration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of C-4 Halogen-Substituted Derivatives of Neu5Ac2en and KDN2en (1997)

The title compounds were prepared from the peracetylated methyl esters of 4-epi-Neu5Ac2en (14), KDN2en (19) and 4-epi-KDN2en (20), in four steps starting from Neu5Ac and KDN, respectively.
Phase II study with the combination etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in advanced measurable gastric cancer. (1989)

In this phase II multicenter trial, 67 evaluable patients with advanced measurable gastric carcinoma were treated with a combination of etoposide, Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cisplatin (EAP). The overall response rate was 64%, including 21% complete responses (CRs). In 55 patients with metastatic disease, 31 responses (51%) including eight CRs (15%) were achieved. Responses were seen in all metastatic sites, but the response rate was lower in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. In 12 patients with locoregional disease, six CRs and six partial responses (PRs) were observed. Eight CRs (three and five in patients with metastatic and locoregional disease, respectively) were pathologically confirmed. The overall median response duration was 7 months; it was 16 months for patients achieving CR (22 months for pathologically confirmed CR [pCR]), and 6 months for PR. The median survival time for all patients was 9 months, for the patients who achieved CR 17 months, for pCR 23 months, and for PR 9.5 months. Median survival time for all patients with metastatic disease was 8 months, and for locoregional disease 12.5 months. Six patients (9%) (four local, two metastatic disease) were alive at 2 years, and four patients are alive and disease free at 35+ to 56+ months. Main toxicities were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, with 64% of patients developing grade 3 to 4 myelosuppression and 12% severe infections. Nonhematologic toxicities of World Health Organization (WHO) grade 4 were not observed.
Pharmacokinetics of FK 506 following oral administration: a comparison of FK 506 and cyclosporine. (1991)

FK 506 is currently used as the primary immunosuppressant in over 800 organ transplant patients at the University of Pittsburgh. FK 506 is a macrolide and is chemically very different from any other immunosuppressive drug used currently in transplant patients. However, FK 506 is very similar to cyclosporine (CyA) in a number of physicochemical properties and its mechanism of action (Table 1).1,2 The objective of the present study is to determine the pharmacokinetics of FK 506 after oral administration, to compare its kinetic properties with CyA, and to discuss the clinical relevance of the differences in the kinetic properties.



Table 1

Physicochemical Properties of FK 506 and CyA
The inheritance of the killer character in yeast (1969)

1. First- and second-generation crosses between killer, neutral and sensitive strains of yeast have been carried out in all combinations. 2. The results of this analysis indicated that the killer character is under the control of two types of cytoplasmic genetic determinant. One type, (k), determines killing, and the other, (n), neutrality. The absence, (o), of both types of determinants confers the sensitive phenotype. 3. That both types of cytoplasmic determinant require the same dominant nuclear allele, M , for their maintenance has been indicated in two ways. First, both types are lost when the nuclear genotype is changed from M to m . Secondly, cells of genotype m (k) or m (n), which have been shown to occur among the first formed cells arising from spores of Mm (k) and Mm (n) diploids respectively, are unable to maintain their cytoplasmic determinants. On the other hand, spore cultures of M (k) and M (n) genotype derived from these same diploide continue to maintain the determinants. 4. Thus genotype of killer cells is M (k), of neutrals M (n), and of sensitivities either M (o) or m (o). 5. Cells maintaining both types of cytoplasmic determinant (i.e. of genotype M (k)(n) or M −(k)(n)) have been obtained by appropriate crosses, and shown to be of killer phenotype. 6. Alternative hypotheses to account for the results of this genetic analysis have been discussed.
Catalytic Dehydration of 1-Hexanol and 1-Octanol (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic Dehydration of 1-Hexanol and 1-OctanolV. I. Komarewsky, S. C. Uhlick, and M. J. MurrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 4, 557–558Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01220a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01220a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Venom factor V from the common brown snake escapes hemostatic regulation through procoagulant adaptations (2009)

Venomous snakes produce an array of toxic compounds, including procoagulants to defend themselves and incapacitate prey. The Australian snake Pseudonaja textilis has a venom-derived prothrombin activator homologous to coagulation factors V (FV) and Xa (FXa). Here we show that the FV component (pt-FV) has unique biologic properties that subvert the normal regulatory restraints intended to restrict an unregulated procoagulant response. Unlike human FV, recombinant pt-FV is constitutively active and does not require proteolytic processing to function. Sequence comparisons show that it has shed a large portion of the central B-domain, including residues that stabilize the inactive procofactor state. Remarkably, pt-FV functions in the absence of anionic membranes as it binds snake-FXa with high affinity in solution. Furthermore, despite cleavage in the heavy chain, pt-FV is functionally resistant to activated protein C, an anticoagulant. We speculate this stability is the result of noncovalent interactions and/or a unique disulfide bond in pt-FV linking the heavy and light chains. Taken together, these findings provide a biochemical rationale for the strong procoagulant nature of venom prothrombinase. Furthermore, they illustrate how regulatory mechanisms designed to limit the hemostatic response can be uncoupled to provide a sustained, disseminated procoagulant stimulus for use as a biologic toxin.
Quenching nematicon fluctuations via photo-stabilization (2016)

Light localization into optical spatial solitons can be achieved by launching optical beams in nonlocal nonlinear nematic liquid crystals. Such solitons often undergo undesired fluctuations of their trajectories. We demonstrate that partial polymerization in monoacrylate-doped nematic liquid crystals is effective in quenching such fluctuations in transverse space.
Quantitative Analysis of Tunneling Current through Ultrathin Gate Oxides (1995)

The tunneling current through ultrathin (3.0-6.0 nm) gate oxides has been measured as a function of the voltage across SiO 2 , V OX , and compared with results of existing theories utilizing the WKB approximation. The electron effective mass in the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling region ( V OX ≥3.25 V) is obtained to be (0.34±0.04) m 0 and that in the direct tunneling region ( V OX <3.25 V) is (0.29±0.02) m 0 . It is also shown that the charge-to-breakdown for electron injection from n + poly-Si gates is not significantly degraded by decreasing the oxide thickness and is even dramatically improved for the case of a 3.0 nm-thick gate oxide.
Highly conductive stretchable electrically conductive composites for electronic and radio frequency devices (2011)

The electronics industry is shifting its emphasis from reducing transistor size and operational frequency to increasing device integration, reducing form factor and increasing the interface of electronics with their surroundings. This new emphasis has created increased demands on the electronic package. To accomplish the goals to increase device integration and interfaces will undoubtedly require new materials with increased functionality both electrically and mechanically.\nThis thesis focuses on developing new interconnect and printable conductive materials capable of providing power, ground and signal transmission with enhanced electrical performance and mechanical flexibility and robustness. More specifically, we develop: 1.) A new understanding of the conduction mechanism in electrically conductive composites (ECC). 2.) Develop highly conductive stretchable silicone ECC (S-ECC) via in-situ nanoparticle formation and sintering. 3.) Fabricate and test stretchable radio frequency devices based on S-ECC. 4.) Develop techniques and processes necessary to fabricate a stretchable package for stretchable electronic and radio frequency devices.\nIn this thesis we provide convincing evidence that conduction in ECC occurs predominantly through secondary charge transport mechanism (tunneling, hopping). Furthermore, we develop a stretchable silicone-based ECC which, through the incorporation of a special additive, can form and sinter nanoparticles on the surface of the metallic conductive fillers. This sintering process decreases the contact resistance and enhances conductivity of the composite. The conductive composite developed has the best reported conductivity, stretchability and reliability. Using this S-ECC we fabricate a stretchable microstrip line with good performance up to 6 GHz and a stretchable antenna with good return loss and bandwidth. \nThe work presented provides a foundation to create high performance stretchable electronic packages and radio frequency devices for curvilinear spaces. Future development of these technologies will enable the fabrication of ultra-low stress large area interconnects, reconfigurable antennas and other electronic and RF devices where the ability to flex and stretch provides additional functionality impossible using conventional rigid electronics.
Hybrid Electric Power and Energy Laboratory Hardware-in-the-Loop and Vehicle Model Implementation (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The power system for the Future Combat System's (FCS) family of manned ground vehicles will not only need to satisfy mobility requirements, but also need to provide continuous and pulsed power for weapons, armaments and other auxiliary loads. Investigating hybrid power technologies has been an active research area for the U.S. Army RDECOM's Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) Power and Energy System Integration Laboratory (P&amp;E SIL). The P&amp;E SIL is located in Santa Clara, CA and is maintained by Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC). Current P&amp;E SIL efforts include imposing realistic loads on notional combat vehicle subsystems in order to evaluate components, such as motors and batteries. Equally important research is being conducted through the application of realistic driver/commander inputs which will aid in the validation of vehicle designs, control systems and vehicle power management architectures capable of meeting the mobility and non-mobility power and energy demands of the future battlefield. This paper describes the integration of the hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) hybrid-electric power system with a high fidelity vehicle model (HFVM) within a real-time execution environment.</div>
Influence of growth‐hormone genotypes on breeding values of Simmental bulls (1994)

A leucine/valine substitution of growth hormone amino-acid 127 was genotyped in 221 Bavarian Simmental bulls by PCR/RFLP. Gene frequencies for leucine (L) and valine (V) were 0.68 and 0.32, respectively. Breeding values for meat traits were significantly different between genotypes. The heterozygous genotype LV was superior to LL and VV in both carcass gain (p < 0.01) and meat value, an index which includes carcass gain and classification score (p < 0.05). In relation to classification score, genotype VV was significantly better (p < 0.05) than LV and VV. No effects on milk breeding values were apparent even though those of milk composition approached significance. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Einfluß von Wacbstumshormon-Genotypen auf Zuchtwerte von Fleckviehbullen Ein Polymorphismus der Aminosäure 127 des bovinen Wachstumshormones wurde bei 221 bayerischen Fleckviehbullen mit PCR/RFLP genotypisiert. Die Genfrequenzen für Leucin (L) und Valin (V) betrugen 0.68 und 0.32. Es bestand ein signifikanter Einfluß auf die Fleischzuchtwerte. Der heterozygote Genotyp LV war in den Merkmalen Nettozunahme (p < 0.01) und Fleischwert (p < 0.05) den Geno-typen LL und VV signifikant überlegen. Im Merkmal Handelsklasse war Genotyp VV signifikant günstiger als LV und LL. Es konnten keine Beziehungen zu den Milchzuchtwerten beschrieben werden, allerdings grenzte der Einfluß auf Milchzusammensetzung an statistische Signifikanz.
Image super-resolution based on convolution neural networks using multi-channel input (2016)

In this paper, we propose an image super-resolution (SR) method using multi-channel-input convolutional neural networks (MC-SRCNN) where the multi-channel input is comprised of an original low-resolution (LR) input and its edge-enhanced and variously interpolated version. Recently, Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Network (SRCNN) showed remarkable performance. However, in SRCNN, deep layer structures make it difficult to learn the network parameters effectively due to vanishing gradient and exploding gradient problems. The proposed MC-SRCNN extends the SRCNN structure with multi-channel input that helps extract better features for restoration of high-resolution (HR) images. To constitute multi-channel input, we generate variously sharpened and interpolated versions of LR images. Such interpolated and sharpened LR images have complementary information for reconstructing the HR images. Therefore, MC-SRCNN could reconstruct the HR images without deep hidden layers. The experiment results showed that the MCCNN with 18 input channels outperformed the SRCNN with average 0.21, 0.34 and 0.18 dB PSNR gains for scale factors of 2, 3 and 4, respectively for Set5 dataset, and 0.18dB PSNR gain for a scale factor of 3 at Set14 dataset.
Cationic Tungsten-Oxo-Alkylidene-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Highly Active Olefin Metathesis Catalysts (2015)

The synthesis, structure, and olefin metathesis activity of the first neutral and cationic W-oxo-alkylidene-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts are reported. Neutral W-oxo-alkylidene-NHC catalysts can be prepared in up to 90% isolated yield. Depending on the ligands used, they possess either an octahedral (Oh) or trigonal bipyramidal ligand sphere. They can be activated with excess AlCl3 to form cationic olefin metathesis-active W-complexes; however, these readily convert into neutral chloro-complexes. Well-defined, stable cationic species can be prepared by stoichiometric substitution of one chloro ligand in the parent, neutral W-oxo-alkylidene-NHC complexes with Ag(MeCN)2B(Ar(F))4 or NaB(Ar(F))4; B(Ar(F))4 = B(3,5-(CF3)2-C6H3)4. They are highly active olefin metathesis catalysts, allowing for turnover numbers up to 10,000 in various olefin metathesis reactions including alkenes bearing nitrile, sec-amine, and thioether groups.
A novel -π/2 and 3π/2 twist bistable TN LCD (1998)

We have developed a novel bistable TN LCD that switches between -π/2 and 3π/2 twist states. The range of d/p for obtaining bistability was obtained experimentally. The swithing behavior using several different switching waveforms was also inveestigated. A high contrast of 30:1 was obtained. the Novel bistable TN LCD can be driven by a passive-matrix addressing method.
[Effect of electroacupuncture of different acupoints on myoelectrical activities of the uterus in rats]. (2007)

EA of SP6 and LI4 can activate the myoelectrical activities of the uterine in both non-pregnant and pregnant rats, and the effect of EA of SP6 is stronger, whereas EA of PC6 can inhibit the myoelectrical activities of the uterine. Different acupoints have their relatively specific effect.
New photoelectrochemical display (1976)

A new photoelectrochemical display utilizing the photoinduced reaction of benzyl viologen bromide on a p-type GaP electrode is described. Writing time versus light intensity and other characteristics are given.
A comparative study of relaxation based iterative deconvolution methods (2002)

Relaxation-based iterative deconvolution methods have become useful for restoring spectroscopic or chromatographic information that has become distorted by the measurement process. An evaluation is made of several of these techniques. Their RMS error performance, quantitative accuracy and repeatability, rate of convergence, and ability to work with noisy data are investigated. For a class of data that is amplitude-bounded and distorted by a Gaussian-shaped impulse response function, it is shown that P.A. Jansson's method (1984) provides the best overall performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cellulose nanocrystals in nanocomposite approach: Green and high-performance materials for industrial, biomedical and agricultural applications (2016)

The need to both avoid wastes and find new renewable resources has led to a new and promising research based on the possibility to revalorize the biomass producing sustainable chemicals and/or materials which may play a major role in replacing systems traditionally obtained from non-renewable sources. Most of the low-value biomass is termed lignocellulosic, referring to its main constituent biopolymers: cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. In this context, nanocellulose, and in particular cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), have gain considerable attention as nanoreinforcement for polymer matrices, mainly biodegradable. Derived from the most abundant polymeric resource in nature and with inherent biodegradability, nanocellulose is an interesting nanofiller for the development of nanocomposites for industrial, biomedical and agricultural applications. Due to the high amount of hydroxyl groups on their surface, cellulose nanocrystals are easy to functionalize. Well dispersed CNC are able, in fact, to enhance several properties of polymers, i.e.: thermal, mechanical, barrier, surface wettability, controlled of active compound and/or drug release. The main objective here is to give a general overview of CNC applications, summarizing our recent developments of bio-based nanocomposite formulations reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals extracted from different natural sources and/or wastes for food packaging, medical and agricultural sectors.
High-Strength Concretes Incorporating Different Coarse Aggregates (1992)

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Refractive index of (Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>)0.5In0.5P grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (1994)

Ordered and disordered (AlxGa1−x)0.5In0.5P (x=0, 0.33, 0.66) layers have been grown on GaAs by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The complex refractive index below and above the band edge has been determined by transmission experiments and ellipsometry. We have observed, that ordered and disordered samples only differ near the fundamental band gap with respect to these properties.
Introducing Web 2.0: social networking and social bookmarking for health librarians (2006)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Gel‐forming Ability and Radical‐scavenging Activity of Soy Protein Hydrolysate Treated with Transglutaminase (2005)

ABSTRACT: Gel‐forming ability and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrydrazyl (DPPH) radical‐scavenging activity of the peptic hydrolysate from soy protein isolate (SPI) were investigated. The gel‐forming ability of mixtures consisted of SPI and its hydrolysate decreased as the percentage of hydrolysate increased. The inferior gel‐forming ability of the hydrolysate was shown to be related to both the low surface hydrophobicity of the hydrolysate and the drop in sulfhydryl exchange reactions during gelation. Although antioxidants in the SPI‐hydrolysate mixture (SHM) could be helpful in enhancing the radical‐scavenging activity of the peptide‐based gel, they suppressed the oxidization of sulfhydryls in sulfhydryl group/disulfide bond interaction. As a result of this, antioxidants present reduced the gel‐forming ability of the SHM. The addition of transglutaminase (TGase) improved the gel‐forming ability of SHM. A mixture of 70% SPI and 30% hydrolysate in the presence of TGase resulted in a gel with good gelling property and high radical‐scavenging activity.
Testing of Organic Acids in Engine Coolants (1999)

The effectiveness of 30 organic acids as inhibitors in engine coolants is reported. Tests include glassware corrosion of coupled and uncoupled metals, FORD galvanostatic and cyclic polarization electrochemistry for aluminum pitting, and reserve alkalinity (RA) measurements. Details of each test are discussed as well as some general conclusions. For example, benzoic acid inhibits coupled metals well but is ineffective on cast iron when uncoupled. In general, the organic acids provide little RA when titrated to a pH of 5.5, titration to a pH of 4.5 can result in precipitation of the acid. Trends with respect to acid chain length are reported also.