gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Cell Adhesion by Antibodies to Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) in Normal Immunoglobulin for Therapeutic Use (Intravenous Immunoglobulin, IVIg) (1999)

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy is associated with a broad range of immunomodulatory activities. Several of the postulated mechanisms of IVIg action relate to the presence of antibodies to molecules relevant for regulation of the immune response. This article reports that IVIg contains antibodies to the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence, and the attachment site of a number of adhesive extracellular matrix proteins, including ligands for beta1, beta3, and beta5 integrins. Anti-RGD antibodies were identified in IVIg by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by using the BIAcore (BIAcore, Uppsala, Sweden) technology. The affinity of anti-RGD antibodies to a synthetic RGD-containing peptide and to fibronectin (Fn) was found to be in the micromolar range. F(ab')2 fragments specific for RGD were purified from IVIg by affinity chromatography. Anti-RGD F(ab')2 antibodies inhibited adenosine diphosphate induced alphaIIb/beta3 integrin-mediated platelet aggregation and the adhesion of activated alpha4beta1 integrin-expressing B cells to Fn. Adhesion of unstimulated platelets to fibrinogen (Fg) involving both the gamma-chain dodecapeptide sequence and the RGD sequence was inhibited by anti-RGD antibodies. In addition, adhesion of thrombin-stimulated platelets to von Willebrand factor or Fg was completely inhibited by affinity-purified anti-RGD antibodies. Our results suggest that the presence of natural IgG antibodies to the RGD motif may contribute to the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of therapeutic preparations of normal IgG.
Ion beam analysis of oxygen distribution in superconducting YBa2Cu3O<i>x</i> (1988)

It has been shown that by combining the elastic scattering of protons and Rutherford scattering of α particles, the total composition and oxygen distribution of superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox films and bulk samples can be analyzed. The non-Rutherford scattering due to the 16O(p,p0)16O reaction enhances at the bombarding energy of 2.3 MeV the elastic scattering cross section by a factor of 5 over the cross section of the Rutherford scattering and makes it possible to determine the oxygen distribution in the matrix of heavy elements Y, Ba, and Cu.
Generalized Feedback Shift Register Pseudorandom Number Algorithm (1973)

The generalized feedback shift register pseudorandom number algorithm has several advantages over all other pseudorandom number generators. These advantages are: (1) it produces multidimensional pseudorandom numbers; (2) it has an arbitrarily long period independent of the word size of the computer on which it is implemented; (3) it is faster than other pseudorandom number generators; (4) the “same” floating-point pseudorandom number sequence is obtained on any machine, that is, the high order mantissa bits of each pseudorandom number agree on all machines— examples are given for IBM 360, Sperry-Rand-Univac 1108, Control Data 6000, and Hewlett-Packard 2100 series computers; (5) it can be coded in compiler languages (it is portable); (6) the algorithm is easily implemented in microcode and has been programmed for an Interdata computer.
The Influence of Grain Interactions on the Plastic Stability of Heterophase Interfaces (2014)

Two-phase bimetal composites contain both grain boundaries and bi-phase interfaces between dissimilar crystals. In this work, we use a crystal plasticity finite element framework to explore the effects of grain boundary interactions on the plastic stability of bi-phase interfaces. We show that neighboring grain interactions do not significantly alter interface plastic stability during plane strain compression. The important implications are that stable orientations at bimetal interfaces can be different than those within the bulk layers. This finding provides insight into bi-phase microstructural development and suggests a pathway for tuning interface properties via severe plastic deformation.
Combined laser spot imaging thermography and ultrasonic measurements for crack detection (2007)

A surface crack, close to a small, well-defined heated spot, impedes lateral heat flow and produces alterations in the shape of the thermal spot image that can be monitored by thermography. Spot heating has been achieved using both cw and pulsed laser beam illumination on stainless steel and titanium samples and the technique has been found to be successful for determining the location of fatigue cracks. When using a pulsed laser beam one can also simultaneously generate wideband ultrasonic signals in the sample; this can be used to detect the presence of surface and sub-surface defects in the sample. Results are presented that have been obtained using a fixed camera and cw laser beam position with the sample being moved through the field of view of the camera. Results are also presented using a fixed camera and sample, with a raster scanned cw or pulsed lasers beam moving across the sample. A demonstration of how a non-contact ultrasonic measurement can be performed simultaneously is presented. Thermal imaging results obtained using cw laser beam heating close to a surface crack are compared with predictions made using a preliminary 2D numerical model.
Interleukin-6 Delays Neutrophil Apoptosis (1996)

Interleukin-6 delays PMN apoptosis, resulting in a larger population of surviving PMNs with a greater collective capacity for superoxide production. This could potentially facilitate PMN-mediated tissue injury and may be a mechanism whereby IL-6 contributes to organ dysfunction.
Dual-ions electrochemical deionization: a desalination generator (2017)

A novel deionization technology was reported based on dual-ions electrochemistry technique, which possesses a stable salt removal capacity of 68.5 mg g<sup>−1</sup>. The salt is removed during the discharge process, and thus the system is called “desalination generator”.
Onomastic Anomaly: New South Wales (2002)

I have always been intrigued with the toponymic anomaly of the name of the Australian state of New South Wales. Obviously there are countless examples of toponyms that are preceded by the adjective New; these are, or were, usually in honor or remembrance of countries (New England, New Spain, New France, New Mexico, New Guinea, etc.) or cities (New York, New Orleans, New Rochelle, New London, New Paltz, etc.) . Clearly such names arose in response to newly settled or newly discovered places, but there are other reasons when New might have been used.
Körpertemperatur (1937)

Die Messung der Körpertemperatur kann zur annähernden Orientierung über etwa vorhandene Fieberzustände in der Achselhöhle vorgenommen werden. Handelt es sich aber darum, genauere Auskunft über Abweichungen von der Norm zu gewinnen, z. B. beim Verdacht auf Tuberkulose, so muß die Messung im After oder besser im Munde unter dem Zungengrund bei geschlossenen Lippen ausgeführt werden. Der Patient muß sich dabei ruhig verhalten und er darf nicht während der vorausgegangenen halben Stunde eine Mahlzeit eingenommen oder anstrengende körperliche Bewegungen ausgeführt haben. Bei Tuberkulose oder in der Rekonvaleszenz von schweren Krankheiten sowie bei geschwächten und nervösen Individuen besteht bisweilen ein abnorm labiles Verhalten der Wärmeregulation und es können schon mäßige Anstrengungen, z. B. ein Spaziergang, ferner psychische Aufregungen vorübergehende und leichte Temperatursteigerungen zur Folge haben. Diese „Bewegungstemperaturen“ sind ohne erhebliche diagnostische Bedeutung.
An overview of the association between allergy and cancer (2006)

Numerous epidemiological studies have evaluated some aspect of the association between a history of allergy and cancer occurrence. In this article, an overview of the epidemiological evidence is presented with a discussion of a number of methodological issues important in this area of study. Literature searches were conducted using the MEDLINE database from 1966 through to August 2005 to identify articles that explored a personal history of allergic disorders as a risk factor for cancer. Although it is difficult to draw conclusions between allergy and cancer at many sites because of insufficient evidence or a lack of consistency both within and among studies completed to date, strong inverse associations have been reported for pancreatic cancer and glioma, whereas lung cancer was positively associated with asthma. Additional studies are needed to confirm these finding and to address the limitations of previous studies, including the validity and reliability of exposure measures and control for confounding. Further, large prospective studies using cancer incidence would be particularly useful, including studies using biological markers of allergic status to reduce potential misclassification and to confirm the results of previous studies based on self-report. There is also a need for further basic research to clarify a potential mechanism, should an association exist.
BMDFM: A Hybrid Dataflow Runtime Parallelization Environment for Shared Memory Multiprocessors (2006)

To complement existing compiler-optimization methods we propose a programming model and a runtime system called BMDFM (Binary Modular DataFlow Machine), a novel hybrid parallel environment for SMP (Shared Memory Symmetric Multiprocessors), that creates a data-dependence graph and exploits parallelism of user application programs at run time. This thesis describes the design and provides a detailed analysis of BMDFM, which uses a dataflow runtime engine instead of a plain fork-join runtime library, thus providing transparent dataflow semantics on the top virtual machine level. Our hybrid approach eliminates disadvantages of the parallelization at compile-time, the directive based paradigm and the dataflow computational model. BMDFM is portable and is already implemented on a set of available SMP platforms. The transparent dataflow paradigm does not require parallelization and synchronization directives. The BMDFM runtime system shields the end-users from these details.
Field Trial of 160-Gbit/s, Polarization-Division Multiplexed RZ-DQPSK Transmission System using Automatic Polarization Control (2008)

We have successfully demonstrated a field trial of 160-Gbit/s, RZ-DQPSK polarization-division multiplexed transmission system over 214 km using automatic polarization control. Q-factors of the signals have been kept stable for more than five days.
The Perception of Color in 1° Fields for Different States of Adaptation* (1953)

The variations in the hues and saturations of colors, when seen under different intensities of adapting light, have been measured by the binocular matching technique, using a 1° field. The results were very similar to those obtained using a 20° field. The theoretical implications are discussed.
Probability of Detecting Marine Predator-Prey and Species Interactions Using Novel Hybrid Acoustic Transmitter-Receiver Tags (2014)

Understanding the nature of inter-specific and conspecific interactions in the ocean is challenging because direct observation is usually impossible. The development of dual transmitter/receivers, Vemco Mobile Transceivers (VMT), and satellite-linked (e.g. GPS) tags provides a unique opportunity to better understand between and within species interactions in space and time. Quantifying the uncertainty associated with detecting a tagged animal, particularly under varying field conditions, is vital for making accurate biological inferences when using VMTs. We evaluated the detection efficiency of VMTs deployed on grey seals, Halichoerus grypus, off Sable Island (NS, Canada) in relation to environmental characteristics and seal behaviour using generalized linear models (GLM) to explore both post-processed detection data and summarized raw VMT data. When considering only post-processed detection data, only about half of expected detections were recorded at best even when two VMT-tagged seals were estimated to be within 50-200 m of one another. At a separation of 400 m, only about 15% of expected detections were recorded. In contrast, when incomplete transmissions from the summarized raw data were also considered, the ratio of complete transmission to complete and incomplete transmissions was about 70% for distances ranging from 50-1000 m, with a minimum of around 40% at 600 m and a maximum of about 85% at 50 m. Distance between seals, wind stress, and depth were the most important predictors of detection efficiency. Access to the raw VMT data allowed us to focus on the physical and environmental factors that limit a transceiver's ability to resolve a transmitter's identity.
Principal Component Analysis and Factor Models (2010)

To simplify the task of modeling multiple returns, this chapter discusses some dimension reduction methods to search for the underlying structure of the assets. Principal component analysis (PCA) is perhaps the most commonly used statistical method in dimension reduction, and the discussion starts with this method. The chapter introduces some useful factor models and demonstrates their applications in finance. It explains a general factor model for asset returns, and discusses macroeconomic factor models with some simple examples. The fundamental factor model and its applications are given in the chapter and it examines principal component analysis that serves as the basic method for statistical factor analysis. The PCA can also be used to reduce the dimension in multivariate analysis. The chapter discusses the orthogonal factor models, including factor rotation and its estimation and provides several examples. Finally, it ends with asymptotic principal component analysis. Controlled Vocabulary Terms principal components analysis
SYNTHETIC CHEMISTRY AT BIOTECH FIRMS (2001)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEmploymentNEXTSYNTHETIC CHEMISTRY AT BIOTECH FIRMSIndustry trend toward small-molecule therapeutics drives need for organic chemistsCELIA M. HENRYView Author Information C&EN WASHINGTONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2001, 79, 14, 77–88Publication Date (Print):April 2, 2001Publication History Published online16 November 2010Published inissue 2 April 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v079n014.p077https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v079n014.p077employmentACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (4 MB) SUBJECTS:Biotechnology Get e-Alerts
Clinical and laboratory variables identifying bacterial infection and bacteraemia in the emergency department (2012)

Special attention should be directed to CRP, WBC, RR, and Hb when selecting patients for antibiotic treatment in the emergency department. PCT, IL-6, and LBP did not provide additional guidance on antibiotic decisions and better tests are required in order to improve antibiotic stewardship.
Characterization of the binding sites of two proteins involved in the bacteriophage P2 site-specific recombination system (1993)

Integration of the bacteriophage P2 genome into the Escherichia coli host chromosome occurs by site-specific recombination between the phage attP and E. coli attB sites. The phage-encoded 38-kDa protein, integrase, is known to be necessary for both phage integration as well as excision. In order to begin the molecular characterization of this recombination event, we have cloned the int gene and overproduced and partially purified the Int protein and an N-terminal truncated form of Int. Both the wild-type Int protein and the integration host factor (IHF) of E. coli were required to mediate integrative recombination in vitro between a supercoiled attP plasmid and a linear attB substrate. Footprint experiments revealed one Int-protected region on both of the attP arms, each containing direct repeats of the consensus sequence TGTGGACA. The common core sequences at attP and attB were also protected by Int from nuclease digestion, and these contained a different consensus sequence, AA T/A T/A C/A T/G CCC, arranged as inverted repeats at each core. A single IHF-protected site was located on the P (left) arm, placed between the core- and P arm-binding site for Int. Cooperative binding by Int and IHF to the attP region was demonstrated with band-shift assays and footprinting studies. Our data support the existence of two DNA-binding domains on Int, having unrelated sequence specificities. We propose that P2 Int, IHF, attP, and attB assemble in a higher-order complex, or intasome, prior to site-specific integrative recombination analogous to that formed during lambda integration.
Purification and properties of glutathione S-transferase from outer mitochondrial membrane of rat liver. (1990)

Glutathione S-transferase located in outer mitochondrial membrane was purified from rat liver into homogeneous state on SDS-PAGE by two steps of chromatography. Outer mitochondrial membrane glutathione S-transferase was immunochemically related with microsomal glutathione S-transferase and shared similar characteristics each other, e.g., stimulation of the activity by treatment with N-ethylmaleimide, molecular weight, optimal pH, substrate specificities, glutathione peroxidase activity, kinetic parameters, amino acid composition and profile of peptide mapping by protease.
A Review: Therapeutic Significance of Olive Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae Family) (2013)

Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the oldest known cultivated plant tree species. The wild olive tree is an evergreen, prolonged species, extensive as a native plant in the Mediterranean province. This sanctified tree is an affluent source of important nutrients and bioactive of remedial and therapeutic interest. Olive fruit contains substantial concentration of fresh pulp weight of hydrophilic, lipophilic and phenolic compounds that are known to possess multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, laxative and antiplatelet. Olive oil extracted mechanically from the fruit, is also very popular for its nutritive and health-promoting potential, especially against cardiovascular disorder due to the presence of high level of monounsaturated and other valuable minor components such as phenolic, phytosterols, tocopherols, carotenoids, chlorophyll and squalene. The cultivar region of production, yield time and the processing techniques employed are some of the fact shown to influence on the composition of olive fruit and oil. This review focuses comprehensively on the therapeutic importance of the plant. A variety of factors affecting the composition of this food product and therapeutic value are also discussed.
Effect of a pharmacological stressor on glutamate efflux in the prefrontal cortex (1996)

The anxiogenic beta-carboline, FG 7142 (20 mg/kg) significantly increased glutamate efflux in the prefrontal cortex of conscious rats as assessed by microdialysis. Pretreatment with the benzodiazepine receptor agonist, diazepam (5 mg/kg), abolished this effect. These findings indicate that anxiogenic compounds produce an effect similar to physical stressors on the outflow of glutamate, and implicate the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex in the stress-induced activation of glutamate systems in the prefrontal cortex.
Iron, Zinc, Copper, and Manganese in Infant Formulas (1983)

The concentrations of the trace elements iron, zinc, copper, and manganese were determined in 53 regular infant formulas and 41 special infant formulas used for clinical disorders. Several infant formulas had lower concentrations of trace elements than human milk. The ranges of concentrations found in the formulas were as follows: Iron, 0.0 to 57.5 mg/L; copper, 0.01 to 2.14 mg/L; zinc, 0.10 to 13.5 mg/L; and manganese, 0.0 to 7.8 mg/L. In addition to the wide variation in absolute amounts of the trace elements in the formulas, large variations in the ratios of trace elements were found. While the average ratios of zinc/copper, zinc/iron, and iron/manganese in human milk range from 3.3 to 10, 2.5 to 10, and 25 to 100, respectively, they ranged from 0.4 to 74, 0.02 to 40, and 0.04 to 425 in the formulas. These differences in the ratios may be important, as the ratio can affect the absorption of the individual elements. These findings indicate that more attention should be given to the trace element levels in infant formulas.
Discovery of Clinical Candidate 1-{[(2 <i>S</i> ,3 <i>S</i> ,4 <i>S</i> )-3-Ethyl-4-fluoro-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl]methoxy}-7-methoxyisoquinoline-6-carboxamide (PF-06650833), a Potent, Selective Inhibitor of Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase 4 (IRAK4), by Fragment-Based Drug Design (2017)

Through fragment-based drug design focused on engaging the active site of IRAK4 and leveraging three-dimensional topology in a ligand-efficient manner, a micromolar hit identified from a screen of a Pfizer fragment library was optimized to afford IRAK4 inhibitors with nanomolar potency in cellular assays. The medicinal chemistry effort featured the judicious placement of lipophilicity, informed by co-crystal structures with IRAK4 and optimization of ADME properties to deliver clinical candidate PF-06650833 (compound 40). This compound displays a 5-unit increase in lipophilic efficiency from the fragment hit, excellent kinase selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties suitable for oral administration.
Nasal administration of an ACTH(4–9) peptide analogue with dimethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetics and dynamics (1993)

1. The systemic absorption and the neurotrophic effect of the metabolically stabilized ACTH (4-9) analogue, Org2766, were investigated following intranasal (i.n.) administration. 2. Without additives the nasal bioavailability of the peptide was in the order of 15 and 10% in rats and rabbits, respectively. The absorption could be improved by addition of a variety of absorption enhancers to the nasal preparation. The beta-cyclodextrin derivative, dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DM beta CD) at a concentration of 5% (w/v) improved the absorption in rats about 5 fold from 13 +/- 4% (mean +/- s.d.) for administration of the peptide alone to 65 +/- 21%, and in rabbits 1 to 2 fold, from 10 +/- 6% to 17 +/- 8%. 3. The increased permeability of the rat nasal mucosa for Org2766 caused by DM beta CD in rats reversed substantially within 1 h. However, the nasal absorption had not yet completely returned to the level without enhancer. 4. S.c. administered Org2766 accelerated the functional recovery from peripheral nerve damage in rats. However, the peptide did not facilitate nerve repair following i.n. administration with DM beta CD, in spite of the fact that Org2766 was well absorbed. I.v. injection of Org2766 was also ineffective.