gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Berlin Waterfront Development for Urban Regeneration : Focused on the case of Wasserstadt Berlin-Oberhavel, Berlin, Germany (2017)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between suburban waterfront und urban regeneration strategies. Specifically, This paper investigates how urban design strategies for suburban waterfront has been conceptualized and realized in a case-based research study of the regeneration of suburban waterfront in Berlin, Germany. Since Germany's reunification, Berlin was faced a wide variety of challenges and has been transformed into a new capital city. First of all, Wasserstadt Berlin-Oberhavel was a key development task for the urban regeneration in Berlin. The Wasserstadt Berlin-Oberhavel project with over 207 hectares will provide new residential urban areas, office spaces, educational facilities and cultural facilities. In details, 3,640 apartments with 12,700 units and around 4,800 jobs will be created. Method: The study consists of five sections. The first and second section are divided into two stages:"waterfront definition in urban design" and "urban design strategy in waterfront". The third section explores the waterfront development process of Wasserstadt Berlin-Oberhavel. The fourth section aims to investigate the strategies for urban regeneration as well as waterfront development. Finally, the fifth provides some of the key policy challenges for Urban Regeneration in suburban waterfront area. Result: The results showed that urban regeneration strategies in suburban waterfront have a substantial impact on all two dimensions: relationship between waterfront and urban context, relationship between waterfront and natural environment.
Prediction of non-linear propagation in water due to diagnostic medical ultrasound equipment (1991)

There is a well established requirement for making output measurements on medical ultrasound equipment, in particular for safety and calibration purposes. In addition there is a need for non-linear propagation models to allow predictions to be made for in vivo pressure fields of systems ranging from lithotripters to diagnostic imaging sets. In the past it has been shown that good agreement can be found between experiment and theory for transducers that behave as perfect pistons but little work has been published on comparisons for 'real' medical ultrasound systems. This paper compares experiment with theory for a medical ultrasound system operating in water. Pressure field measurements are presented for a Philips 3.5 MHz, 13 mm diameter, 'long internal focus' (LIF) transducer. The measurements were made using a membrane hydrophone in water. Initially the transducer was driven continuously with a function generator at low amplitude so that the effective aperture radius and focal length could be determined. The transducer was then driven by a Philips 'sono-Diagnost B' imaging system which produced a short finite amplitude pulse. The results are compared with a finite difference model based on the parabolic approximation to the non-linear wave equation. Reasonable agreement (typically 10-15%) is shown for spectral magnitudes although some difficulty was encountered in accurately characterizing the transducer in terms of its geometry and drive waveform.
Cardiac MRI of the fetal heart using a novel triggering method: Initial results in an animal model (2012)

The newly developed MR compatible CTG could be used as a tool for cardiac triggering method of the fetal heart. This novel device might help fetal cardiac MRI technology in the future.
MISR prelaunch instrument calibration and characterization results (1998)

Each of the nine cameras that compose the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) has been rigorously tested, characterized, and calibrated. Requirements on these tests include a 3% (1/spl sigma/) radiometric calibration requirement, spectral response function determination of both the in- and out-of-band regions, and distortion mapping. The latter test determines the relative look-angle to the ground corresponding to each focal plane detector element. This is established to within one-tenth of the instantaneous field-of-view. Most of the performance testing was done on the cameras as they completed assembly. This was done to take advantage of the serial delivery of the hardware, minimize the required size of the thermal-vacuum facilities, and allow testing to occur early in the schedule allocated for the hardware build. This proved to be an effective strategy, as each of the test objectives was met. Additional testing as an integrated instrument included verification of the data packetization, camera pointing, and clearances of the fields-of-view. Results of these studies have shown that the MISR cameras are of high quality and will meet the needs of the MISR science community. Highly accurate calibration data are on-hand and available for conversion of camera output to radiances.
Fast multimedia contents retrieval by partially spoken query (2011)

We present novel fast multi-pass decoding strategies for recognizing large named-entities on a low-resource embedded device and thus retrieving MP3 music using spoken query, which contains partial segments of whole music titles and artists. After acoustic-phonetic decoding in the first stage processing, we incorporate word boundary information with phonetic confusion matrix into next stage partial word matching. Then, we rescore candidate phone lists using more complex context-dependent acoustic model, whose outputs are the retrieved songs. We tested our retrieval system to the task of retrieving 1000 songs on a commercial MP3 player and could achieve about 15.5% relative improvements in response time over conventional frame-based multi-pass decoding method without sacrificing recognition rates.
Tracker: A three-dimensional raytracing program for ionospheric radio propagation (1994)

TRACKER is an extension of a three-dimensional Hamiltonian raytrace code developed some thirty years ago by R. Michael Jones. Subsequent modifications to this code, which is commonly called the {open_quotes}Jones Code,{close_quotes} were documented by Jones and Stephensen (1975). TRACKER incorporates an interactive user`s interface, modern differential equation integrators, graphical outputs, homing algorithms, and the Ionospheric Conductivity and Electron Density (ICED) ionosphere. TRACKER predicts the three-dimensional paths of radio waves through model ionospheres by numerically integrating Hamilton`s equations, which are a differential expression of Fermat`s principle of least time. By using continuous models, the Hamiltonian method avoids false caustics and discontinuous raypath properties often encountered in other raytracing methods. In addition to computing the raypath, TRACKER also calculates the group path (or pulse travel time), the phase path, the geometrical (or {open_quotes}real{close_quotes}) pathlength, and the Doppler shift (if the time variation of the ionosphere is explicitly included). Computational speed can be traded for accuracy by specifying the maximum allowable integration error per step in the integration. Only geometrical optics are included in the main raytrace code; no partial reflections or diffraction effects are taken into account. In addition, TRACKER does not lend itself to statistical descriptions of propagation -- it requires a deterministic model of the ionosphere.
THE PREPARATION OF <i>o</i>- AND <i>p</i>-ACETAMINOBENZALDEHYDES (1955)

Treatment of N,N-diacetyl-o-toluidine with N-bromosuccinimide followed by hydrolysis of the intermediate dibromo compound gave o-acetaminobenzaldehyde. The reaction was applied successfully to N,N-diacetyl-p-toluidine, N,N-diacetyl-4-chloro-o-toluidine, 2,4-bis(diacetamino)toluene, and 4-acetoxy-N,N-diacetyl-o-toluidine.
Transparent Conductive Electrodes from Graphene/PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Inks for Ultrathin Organic Photodetectors (2014)

A novel solution fabrication of large-area, highly conductive graphene films by spray-coating of a hybrid ink of exfoliated graphene (EG)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) (PH1000) is demonstrated. The fabricated graphene films exhibit excellent mechanical properties, thus enabling their application as bottom electrodes in ultrathin organic photodetector devices with performance comparable to that of the state-of-the-art Si-based inorganic photodetectors.
Vindictive bidding in keyword auctions (2007)

We study vindictive bidding, a strategic bidding behavior in keyword auctions where a bidder forces his competitor to pay more without affecting his own payment. We show that most Nash equilibria (NE) are vulnerable to vindictive bidding and are thus unstable. There always exists a pure strategy Nash equilibrium (PSNE) if there is only one pair of vindictive players; however PSNE may not exist when there are at least three players who are all vindictive with each other. Given the set of vindictive bidding pairs, we show how to compute a PSNE if one exists. Preliminary data analysis suggests that vindictive bidding is prevalent in real-world keyword auctions. As an ongoing work, we also propose several interesting open problems related to vindictive bidding.
Universal capture - image-based facial animation for "The Matrix Reloaded" (2005)

The VFX R&D stage for The Matrix Reloaded was kicked off in January 2000 with the challenge to create realistic human faces. We believed that traditional facial animation approaches like muscle deformers or blend shapes would simply never work, both because of the richness of facial movement and because of the human viewer's extreme sensitivity to facial nuances. Our task was further complicated as we had to recreate familiar actors such as Keanu Reeves and Lawrence Fishburne. Our team had been very successful at applying image-based techniques for photorealistic film set/location rendering, so we decided to approach the problem from the image-based side again. We wanted to produce a 3-d recording of the real actor's performance and be able to play it back from different angles and under different lighting conditions. Just as we can extract geometry, texture, or light from images, we are now able to extract movement. Universal Capture combines two powerful computer vision techniques: optical flow and photogrammetry.
A 4 Gb/s 2-level to 2 Gsymbol/s 4-level converter GaAs IC for semiconductor optical amplifier QPSK modulators (1994)

The design of a 50 /spl Omega/ impedance matched two-to-four level converter GaAs IC for two-electrode semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) modulators is presented. The designed IC exhibits eye diagrams with eye openings of better than 0.30 V and a spacing between adjacent output signal levels of 0.33 V for output symbol rates of up to 2 Gsymbol/s corresponding to input bit rates of up to 4 Gb/s. A novel differential super buffer output driver is applied, for which output reflection coefficients |S/sub 22/| of less than -12 dB for frequencies up to 10 GHz are obtained. A 1 Gb/s optical QPSK microwave link transmission experiment using a packaged sample of the designed IC and a two-electrode semiconductor optical amplifier phase modulator has been conducted.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
In-vivo experience with the Triflo trileaflet mechanical heart valve. (2006)

The study results showed the Triflo valve to perform to safety levels comparable with those of the standard St. Jude Medical bileaflet design, when implanted in the aortic and mitral positions. Additional analysis of historic control data suggested that the trileaflet valve design may offer a reduction in outflow tract obstruction by allowing for a greater effective orifice area index when compared to an equal-sized-orifice bileaflet valve. Notably, the Triflo valve was associated with a statistically significant reduction in myocardial hypertrophy, further reducing the potential for patient-prosthesis mismatch. Overall, the Triflo valve appeared to more closely emulate the hemodynamic properties of the native tissue valve than the traditional bileaflet design. Hence, the trileaflet design may offer the function of a tissue valve while retaining the durability of the mechanical valve.
SEARCHING AND BROWSING IN A DIGITAL LIBRARY OF HISTORICAL MAPS AND NEWSPAPERS (2005)

Digital libraries can empower end users through on-line provision of previously inaccessible materials, synergistic integration of related information collections, and tailoring of access mechanisms for target user groups. In this paper we describe the HistoryMap system that supports access to digitised collections of historical maps and newspapers, integrating searching and browsing between the two. We report on our solution to providing place name searching across maps that vary in accuracy, scale and orientation, and how newspaper text is dynamically reconfigured to include hyperlinks to maps containing given locations. Both the user interface and software architecture of the system are described, as are a usability study of the system and discussion sessions with target end users. Although some surface level usability problems were revealed by the study, target users of the system are enthusiastic about its potential.
Why working mothers need not feel guilty (2003)

Cate Campbell discusses recent research which suggests that working mothers need no longer feel second best to those who stay at home with their children.
A 1kW pulsed corona system for pollution control applications (2004)

The system comprises an all-solid state compact nanosecond pulser and a plasma reactor. The pulser makes use of magnetic compression techniques. Owing to a fast switching at the feed of the HV transformer provided by an ABB A-Z switch, one compression stage suffices for the forming of 45 kV, 100 ns pulses across a 120 /spl Omega/ load; the risetime is 20 ns. Plasma reactor is capable of handling both gases and liquids by adding small amounts of atomized water to the gas discharge, in the case of gas, or atomizing polluted liquid itself. In both cases, treatment is conducted in heterogeneous media, which proved high removal efficiency. Circuit analysis of compressor and charging system accounting for nonlinear processes in magnetic switches and numerous parasitic parameters is presented. Mechanical and electrical designs are detailed. Typical voltage and current waveforms and the corona discharge appearance are presented. The compressor efficiency was found to be approximately 65%, which allowed for air cooling. The experimental results obtained with a dummy resistive load are in fair agreement with the circuit simulation.
Comparison of <i>In Vitro</i> Antifungal Activities of Efinaconazole and Currently Available Antifungal Agents against a Variety of Pathogenic Fungi Associated with Onychomycosis (2013)

Onychomycosis is a common fungal nail infection in adults that is difficult to treat. The in vitro antifungal activity of efinaconazole, a novel triazole antifungal, was evaluated in recent clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Candida albicans, common causative onychomycosis pathogens. In a comprehensive survey of 1,493 isolates, efinaconazole MICs against T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes ranged from ≤ 0.002 to 0.06 μg/ml, with 90% of isolates inhibited (MIC90) at 0.008 and 0.015 μg/ml, respectively. Efinaconazole MICs against 105 C. albicans isolates ranged from ≤ 0.0005 to >0.25 μg/ml, with 50% of isolates inhibited (MIC50) by 0.001 and 0.004 μg/ml at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Efinaconazole potency against these organisms was similar to or greater than those of antifungal drugs currently used in onychomycosis, including amorolfine, ciclopirox, itraconazole, and terbinafine. In 13 T. rubrum toenail isolates from onychomycosis patients who were treated daily with topical efinaconazole for 48 weeks, there were no apparent increases in susceptibility, suggesting low potential for dermatophytes to develop resistance to efinaconazole. The activity of efinaconazole was further evaluated in another 8 dermatophyte, 15 nondermatophyte, and 10 yeast species (a total of 109 isolates from research repositories). Efinaconazole was active against Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Acremonium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Pseudallescheria, Scopulariopsis, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, and Candida and compared favorably to other antifungal drugs. In conclusion, efinaconazole is a potent antifungal with a broad spectrum of activity that may have clinical applications in onychomycosis and other mycoses.
Microparticulate Cortical Allograft: An Alternative to Autograft in the Treatment of Osseous Defects (2008)

Benign bone tumors are commonly diagnosed and treated. Following tumor removal, the defect in the bone can be filled with auto- or allografts, (degradable) bone substitutes or non-degradable polymethylmethacrylate. The ideal substitute for this purpose should provide immediate structural support and readily incorporate into bone over a short period of time. Experimentally, microparticulate allograft has been shown to incorporate quickly in metaphyseal and metadiaphyseal cortico-cancellous defects in primates [1]. Using a combination of small allogeneic cortical graft particles (< 250 microm), bone defects were filled following intralesional excision in 97 consecutive patients with benign and low grade malignant tumors and tumor-like conditions of bone. The clinical results and rate of radiographic incorporation and osseous consolidation were recorded and analyzed. These patients underwent 104 procedures in which osseous defects were packed with microparticulate allograft. The follow-up was from 23 to 49 months. There were 94 (90.3%) closed defects and 10 (9.7%) open defects. The average size of the grafted defect was 42.8 cm(3) (0.48 - 315.0 cm(3)). Internal fixation was used in 11 of the 104 procedures (10.6 %). Radiographically, incorporation was observed in 91% of patients and consolidation in 60%. There were eleven failures (10.6 %), eight (72 %) due to tumor recurrence. Seven of eight patients with tumor recurrence underwent a second resection and grafting procedure that resulted in allograft incorporation and defect healing. There were two deep infections requiring debridement with retention of the graft; both resolved with satisfactory healing.Both incorporation and consolidation were observed in over 90% of patients with a low rate of complications. The use of small-particle cortical allograft proved to be an effective alternative to autogenous bone graft in patients with metaphyseal and metadiaphyseal surgical bone defects.
A method of finding optimal weight factors for compound identification in gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (2012)

The results and R package are available at http://stage.louisville.edu/faculty/x0zhan17/software/ software-development.
Childrenʼs Food Acceptance Patterns (1996)

Although all infants begin life on a milk diet, the diets of adults differ dramatically. These differences are well established by 5 or 6 years of age. This paper focuses on the contribution of early learning and experiences to the development of food acceptance patterns, some of which have been linked to individual differences in children's adiposity and eating disorders.
A field emission e-beam system for nanometer lithography (1983)

Field emitters offer a particularly high potential in e-beam lithography when writing in the nanometer range. Using a modified VG Microscopes Ltd., model HB 501 STEM, a current of 0.1 nA can be focused into a diameter of 2.5 nm at 100 kV with a final beam aperture of 1.6 mrad. In order to fulfill the demands of microlithography, an objective lens of 15 mm nominal focal length is used. Stage travel in the system is 5 mm in the X and Y directions and the maximum scan field is 250×250 μm2. The beam is deflected electromagnetically under computer control and vector scanning is used during lithography. The 14 bit digital pattern generator has been electrically isolated by optocouplers from the host computer and is connected via analog differential buffers to the deflection amplifiers. The cold tungsten field emitter exhibits a linear decrease in current of about 20% within 20 min of continuous writing. The decrease in current is corrected during lithography by a feedback to the clock frequency of the digital pattern generator to maintain a constant exposure dose. The high current available enables the use of organic resists as well as low sensitivity inorganic resists such as NaCl or WO3. So far 10 nm resolution has been achieved by in situ vaporization of NaCl.
Block Copolymer Nanocontainers (2010)

Using cell dynamics computer simulation, we perform a systematic study of thin block copolymer films around a nanoparticle. Lamellar-, cylinder-, and sphere-forming block copolymers are investigated with respect to different film thicknesses, particle radii, and boundary conditions at the film interfaces. The obtained structures include standing lamellae and cylinders, "onions", cylinder "knitting balls", "golf ball", layered spherical, "virus"-like and mixed morphologies with T-junctions and U-type defects. The kinetics of the structure formation and difference with planar thin films are discussed. Our simulations suggest that novel porous nanocontainers can be formed by the coating of a sacrificial nanobead by a block copolymer layer with a well-controlled nanostructure. In addition, first scanning force microscopy experiments on a model system reveal surface structures similar to those predicted by our simulations.
Hybrid structures of gold nanorods and single-walled carbon nanotubes (2011)

The purpose of this research is to study optical properties of hybrid structures of nanomaterials such as gold nanorods and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The SWNTs were grafted using polymers via in situ polymerization. The gold nanorods were fabricated using wet-chemical synthesis method. Raman spectroscopy has been employed to characterize pristine SWNTs and hybrid SWNTs. UV-Vis-IR spectrometer was used to evaluate the gold nanorods and nano hybrid structures. Microscopic methods such as TEM, SEM were used distinguishing shapes of gold nanorods and functionalized SWNTs. Polystyrene functionalized SWNTs are indicated with clear changes in the D/G ratio(0.336�0.005) as compared to pristine SWNTs D/G ratio (0.207�0.014). Laser inducedchanges indicate that the metallic part of the G-mode undergoes a greater change than thesemiconductor part. This is due to the preferable oxidation of smaller, more strainedSWNTs which, in our case, happen to be metallic ones. Note that only small changes areobserved in the D-mode. SWNTs grafted by poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) have beenwell dispersed in aqueous solution. Through the wet chemical method, we have obtainedgold nanorods with aspect ratio 3.4. The shape of gold nanorods have been evaluatingwith both absorption spectrum and TEM image. The hybrid multilayer films werefabricated using layer-by-layer technique. The Raman spectra showed evidences offunctionalization of SWNTs such that increasing intensity of D mode. The hybridstructures of gold nanorods and functionalized SWNTs have been built in aqueoussolution. We observed red-shift of longitudinal plasmon absorption peak of goldnanorods while mixing gold nanorods and functionalized SWNTs in aqueous solution.Using spectral evidences, we can evaluate that the gold nanorods have been aligned onsurface of the functionalized SWNTs because the surface have opposite electrostaticcharges.
Primer3_masker: integrating masking of template sequence with primer design software (2018)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Mutation Screening of Candidate Genes in Patients with Nonsyndromic Sagittal Craniosynostosis (2016)

Risk, II.