gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reliability-based hybrid ARQ using convolutional codes (2004)

Reliability-based hybrid ARQ (RB-HARQ) is a recently introduced approach to incremental-redundancy ARQ. In RB-HARQ, the bits that are to be retransmitted are adaptively selected at the receiver based on the estimated bit reliabilities. This technique has the potential to improve performance and minimize retransmission size by targeting those bits that are likely to be in error. However, previous versions of the RB-HARQ algorithm have resulted in large request (NACK) packets that made the technique appropriate only for systems that can tolerate large request packets on the feedback link. In this paper, we show that RB-HARQ is effective with convolutional codes, and we exploit the time-correlation properties of these codes to significantly reduce the size of the retransmission requests.
[Preischemic infusion of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide elicits myoprotection through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism]. (2002)

Preischemic infusion of alpha-hANP may provide myoprotective effects against postischemic reperfusion, possibly through a NO-dependent mechanism.
A Fast Radix Sort (1992)

Almost all computers regularly sort data. Many different sort algorithms have therefore been proposed, and the properties of these algorithms studied in great detail. It is known that no sort algorithm based on key comparisons can sort N keys in less than O(N\og/V) operations, and that many perform 0(N 2 ) operations in the worst case. The radix sort has the attractive feature that it can sort N keys in O(N) operations, and it is therefore natural to consider methods of implementing such a sort efficiently.
Cellular Localization of α3β1 Integrin Isoforms in Association with Myofibrillogenesis during Cardiac Myocyte Development in Culture (1999)

The cellular localization of alpha3beta1 integrin isoforms was examined in cultured neonatal myocytes at selected times during development using double immunofluorescence assays. The distribution of alpha3A subunits began as diffuse and patternless, but as the cells matured, the distribution assumed a sarcomeric banding pattern, and alpha3A appeared to be localized in costameres - sarcolemmal regions adjacent to the Z-disks. Alpha-actinin, a component of the Z-disk, was localized in the same intracellular regions. Temporal analysis of the incorporation of the alpha3A subunit and other myofibrillar proteins into sarcomeres revealed that alpha3A was integrated into sarcomeres following incorporation of alpha-actinin and myosin heavy chain (MHC) but prior to that of desmin. This suggests that alpha3A integrins are incorporated into a pre-existing myofibrillar structure, and it is unlikely that alpha3A integrins participate in the initial assembly of myofibrillar proteins. The alpha3B, beta1A and beta1D subunits were also localized in costameres, where they formed alpha3Abeta1A, alpha3Abeta1D and alpha3Bbeta1A heterodimers. The alpha3Bbeta1D heterodimer, however, was not found in cardiac myocytes. The antisera raised against the cytoplasmic domains of alpha3A, alpha3B, beta1A and beta1D caused disruption of sarcomere structure. Thus, the myofibril-extracellular matrix linkages mediated by isoforms of alpha3beta1 integrin may play a crucial role in the stabilization of myofibril assembly and in the maintenance of sarcomere structure. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that beta1A, but not beta1D, interacts with the Nck signaling protein, suggesting that Nck participates in downstream signaling triggered by beta1A and that the beta1A-mediated signaling pathway is distinct from that of beta1D.
When antibiotics can be avoided in skin inflammation and bacterial colonization (2014)

Better clinical trials on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of wound dressings are needed to ensure evidence-based guidance is developed for optimizing the treatment of patients. It is surprising that with the paucity of evidence of clinical effectiveness, healthcare organizations continue to spend considerable resources on poorly evaluated topical wound products.
The accuracy and precision of four infrared aural canal thermometers during cardiac surgery (1998)

We conclude that none of the tested aural canal infrared thermometers was sufficiently accurate and precise for perioperative use.
Collectin in a non-mammalian species: isolation and characterization of mannan-binding protein (MBP) from chicken serum (1995)

A chicken serum lectin was isolated by affinity chromatography on TSK-75 beads derivatized with the monosaccharide N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc). Serum was applied to the column in a Ca(2+)-containing buffer and proteins were eluted with EDTA. After recalcification, the eluate was passed through a new ManNAc-derivatized column. Bound proteins were eluted with 50 mM ManNAc. Anti-carbohydrate antibodies present in the eluate were removed by passage through a rabbit anti-chicken immunoglobulin derivatized column, and the lectin was further purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography. The purified chicken lectin shows an overall structure similar to mammalian mannan-binding protein (MBP). SDS-PAGE revealed two polypeptides of M(r) 33 and 34 kDa (reduced) with identical sequence for the first 30 NH2-terminal residues. The NH2-terminal sequence shows 43% identity with the human MBP. Like mammalian MBP, the polypeptides of the chicken lectin are degraded by treatment with collagenase. Residues 26-30 (G-L-P(OH)-G-D) are likely to represent the beginning of the collagenous region. Mobilities on SDS-PAGE of the COOH-terminal collagenase-resistant fragment under reduced and non-reduced conditions indicate the presence of intrachain disulphide bonds, as are also found in mammalian MBP. Gel chromatography showed an intact mol. wt of 750 kDa. Binding of the chicken MBP to mannan was inhibited by monosaccharides in the following order of potency: ManNAc > L-fucose > mannose > N-acetylglucosamine. Other monosaccharides inhibited poorly or not at all. Chicken MBP, bound to mannan, activated the classical complement pathway in human serum. Electron micrographs show structures and dimensions resembling human MBP. Overall, the results show that the purified lectin is the chicken homologue to mammalian MBP and indicate the presence of a MBP-like clearance system outside mammals.
Design of Software-Defined Radio Channel Simulator for Wireless Communications: Case Study With DSRC and UWB Channels (2009)

The software-defined radio (SDR) channel simulator is designed for testing the baseband transceiver of various wireless communication systems. The SDR architecture and the reconfiguration scheme used for changing the channel conditions and reconfiguring the hardware of the processing modules in the SDR channel simulator are presented. The simulator is capable of simulating four multipath fading channels and dedicated fading channels operating in various air interface specifications of wireless communication systems according to the demands of users. An example of the SDR channel simulator implemented with the air interface standards of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and ultrawideband (UWB) systems is carried out to observe the characteristics of two multipath fading channels and the hardware reconfiguration capability of processing modules and validate its correctness. The functions of the proposed SDR channel simulator can be extended to other new or modified air interface specifications of wireless communication systems without any hardware modification.
Review of Insulin Therapy (2004)

The objective of this article is to review the different types of insulin and to explain some of the different dosing regimens that are used. Articles were obtained via a MEDLINE search and product package inserts. There is no one insulin therapy that is best for all patients. Type 1 diabetes patients require insulin therapy tomaintain life. Studies support intensive insulin dosing in these patients to obtain an A1C of less than 7.0%. Insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes patients may be a little less clear. Long-acting insulin in combination with an oral agentmay be just as effective as insulin alone, and in patients who fail oral therapy, a simple insulin regimen is preferred over a complex one.
Wound healing by topical application of antioxidant iron chelators: kojic acid and deferiprone (2012)

Kojic acid and deferiprone are iron chelators used for skin lightening and iron-overload treatment, respectively. As iron chelation and free radical scavenging are principal factors for wound healing, it was hypothesised that the local application of these compounds might accelerate wound healing in rats. Ointments of 3%, 6% and 9% of deferiprone and kojic acid were prepared and topical treatment was performed on in vivo wound models for 12 days twice in day for test and control groups. Topical treatment with 3%, 6% and 9% showed significant improvement in wound healing after 4 days (P < 0·001). Topical application of 3% and 6% deferiprone enhanced wound healing after 8 days (P < 0·026 and P < 0·001, respectively). Accelerated wound healing was seen using 3% and 6% deferiprone after 12 days (P = 0·003 and P < 0·001, respectively). DPPH scavenging assay was also performed to compare the antioxidant potencies of kojic acid and deferiprone. Deferiprone had more free radical scavenging power than kojic acid. Generally, deferiprone topical treatment, accelerated wound healing more than kojic acid because of its higher antioxidant and iron chelation abilities.
Ellagic Acid Content in Small Fruits, Mayhaws, and Other Plants (1995)

Abstract Ellagic acid, a putative anticarcinogenic compound, was detected in plants of raayhaw (Crataegus spp.), false strawberry (Duchesnea indica), strawberry (Fragaria spp.), black currant (Ribes nigrum), thomless blackberry (Rubus subgenus Eubatus), red raspberry (Rubus subgenus Idaeobatus) and cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon). Large differences in ellagic acid contents have been found among species and cultivars and also among tissues. Ellagic acid content in plant tissues is also affected by environmental factors and shows a seasonal variation in strawberry leaves. A decrease in ellagic acid content of leaves was associated with seasonal decreases in photoperiod and temperature from September to December. Ellagic acid content in the leaves of red raspberry infected with orange rust showed more than a three-fold increase compared to healthy leaves.
NetAlytics (2016)

Application performance monitoring in large data centers relies on either deploying expensive and specialized hardware at fixed locations or heavily customizing applications and collecting logs spread across thousands of servers. Such an endeavor makes performance diagnosis a time-consuming task for cloud providers and a problem beyond the control of cloud customers. We address this problem using emerging software defined paradigms such as Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization as well as big data technologies. In this paper, we propose NetAlytics: a non-intrusive distributed performance monitoring system for cloud data centers. NetAlytics deploys customized monitors in the middle of the network which are transparent to end host applications, and leverages a real-time big data framework to analyze application behavior in a timely manner. NetAlytics can scale to packet rates of 40Gbps using only four monitoring cores and fifteen processing cores. Its placement algorithm can be tuned to minimize network bandwidth cost or server resources, and can reduce monitoring traffic overheads by a factor of 4.5. We present experiments that demonstrates how NetAlytics can be used to troubleshoot performance problems in load balancers, present comprehensive performance analysis, and provide metrics that drive automation tools, all while providing both low overhead monitors and scalable analytics.
CATT : Potential Based Routing with Content Caching for ICN (2012)

Information Centric Networking (ICN) has shown possibilities to solve several problems of the Internet. At the same time, some problems need to be tackled in order to advance this promising architecture. In this paper we address two of the problems, namely routing and content caching. For the routing, we introduce the Potential Based Routing (PBR) to achieve several design goals such as availability, adaptability, diversity, and robustness. In addition, we examine the performance of a random caching policy which can be a promising candidate for ICN. The integrated system of both PBR and a caching policy is named the Cache Aware Target idenTification (CATT). Simulation results demonstrate that PBR with replications located on less than 1% of total nodes can achieve a near optimal routing performance (close to the shortest path routing) even though a request message is randomly forwarded.
Scalable and Efficient Fine-Grained Cache Partitioning with Vantage (2012)

The Vantage cache-partitioning technique enables configurability and quality-of-service guarantees in large-scale chip multiprocessors with shared caches. Caches can have hundreds of partitions with sizes specified at cache line granularity, while maintaining high associativity and strict isolation among partitions.
Fountain code based Adaptive multi-hop Reliable data transfer for underwater acoustic networks (2012)

In this paper, we investigate multi-hop reliable data transfer for underwater acoustic networks. We propose a new protocol, called FOuntain Code based Adaptive multi-hop Reliable data transfer (FOCAR). FOCAR is essentially a hybrid ARQ scheme which integrates Fountain codes with hop-by-hop retransmission-upon-failure. It considers the half duplex nature of the underwater acoustic modems and adapts the block size of each hop to optimize the end-to-end delay for the multi-hop network scenario. Extensive simulation results show that FOCAR can achieve high reliability with low end-to-end delay and high energy efficiency.
A comparison of interface tracking methods (1995)

In this Paper we provide a direct comparison of several important algorithms designed to track fluid interfaces. In the process we propose improved criteria by which these methods are to be judged. We compare and contrast the behavior of the following interface tracking methods: high order monotone capturing schemes, level set methods, volume-of-fluid (VOF) methods, and particle-based (particle-in-cell, or PIC) methods. We compare these methods by first applying a set of standard test problems, then by applying a new set of enhanced problems designed to expose the limitations and weaknesses of each method. We find that the properties of these methods are not adequately assessed until they axe tested with flows having spatial and temporal vorticity gradients. Our results indicate that the particle-based methods are easily the most accurate of those tested. Their practical use, however, is often hampered by their memory and CPU requirements. Particle-based methods employing particles only along interfaces also have difficulty dealing with gross topology changes. Full PIC methods, on the other hand, do not in general have topology restrictions. Following the particle-based methods are VOF volume tracking methods, which are reasonably accurate, physically based, robust, low in cost, and relatively easy to implement. Recent enhancements to the VOF methods using multidimensional interface reconstruction and improved advection provide excellent results on a wide range of test problems.
Nonaqueous Suspension Spinning of High-T<sub>c</sub> Ba-Y-Cu-O Superconductor (1988)

The preparation of a high- T c Ba 2 Y 1 Cu 3 O x superconducting filament was studied by nonaqueous suspension spinning. The fine powder of the oxide was suspended in PVA dimethyl sulfoxide solution containing a dispersant. The viscous suspension was extruded as a filament into a precipitating medium of methyl alcohol and coiled on a winding drum. The obtained filament, 200 µm in diameter, was heated to remove volatile components and to generate the layered perovskite phase. The heated filament with tensile strength of 37 MPa was a superconductor at 84 K and had a J c value of 680 A/cm 2 at 77 K.
Discrete and heterogeneous rotational dynamics of single membrane probe dyes in gel phase supported lipid bilayer (2004)

In order to probe the local dynamics of lipid bilayers in the gel phase, we measured the rotational time trajectories of a membrane probe, diI(3), in supported bilayers of DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) using single molecule fluorescence polarization imaging. diI(3) has two hydrocarbon tails that mimic phospholipid tails and has its transition dipole moment lying mostly on the plane of the membrane; hence it is an excellent probe for rotational dynamics in membranes. Above the transition temperature, the probes are laterally mobile and do not display polarized emission. In the gel phase below the transition temperature, lateral mobility is severely reduced and the emission becomes polarized with its polarization direction changing in the milliseconds time scale. Molecule by molecule analysis of the rotational time scales revealed significant heterogeneities among molecules, much larger than would be due to statistical noise. Control experiments using small unilamellar vesicles suggest that the heterogeneities are not caused by surface interactions and are intrinsic to the gel phase membrane. The rotational dynamics is strongly temperature dependent and the thermally activated state for the rotational motion has a large entropic barrier (> 30kB), indicating that relatively large local disorder is required for the rotational motion to occur. Rotational hopping between discrete angles has been observed at the lowest temperatures (approximately 10 degrees C). Our results suggest that the gel phase membrane is not uniform at the microscopic level but is highly dynamic with the rigidity of local environments constantly changing.
Extending UNIX System Logging with SHARP (2000)

Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes.
Tumor metastasis suppressor gene MIM (2009)

Tumor metastasis suppressor genes is a kind of genes that only suppresses tumor metastasis without affecting tumorigenesis and tumor growth. MIM ( missing in metastasis ) is a putative tumor metastasis suppressor gene discovered recently, which is thought to be down-regulated generally in some metastatic bladder cancer and prostate cancer cells in comparison with normal bladder and prostate tissue. MIM, localized in chro-mosome 8q24.1, suggests a connection with regulation of cytoskeleton with a proline-rich region and a homology 2 (WH2) domain binding the actin. MIM also has support roles for its multiple-domain. Its potential homo-logue MIM-B is also thought to code a putative tumor metastasis suppressor protein.

Key words: 
Genes,tumor suppressor;  Neoplasm metastasis
Eye Tracking Using Active Deformable Models. (2002)

Developing a robust, non-intrusive, inexpensive eye tracker is quite a challenge in the computer vision field. This paper introduces a new eye tracking approach based on an enhanced formulation of the statistical pressure snakes. Using a head-mounted camera, to eliminate the effect of head movements, we can detect and track the eye pupil robustly. Experimental results on video sequences for normal and blinking eyes are presented with high accuracy. 1.
Comparison of the ICT Adoption Pattern;In the Case of Korea and the U.S. (2007)

The aim of this paper is to find out whether there is a difference in adopting and/or diffusing the information and communication technology (ICT) between countries. If there is, what are the primary factors that keep some countries from adopting and diffusing ICT while others do? To analyze the above problem, we adopted the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) suggested by Venkatesh et al. (2003), which consists of effort expectancy, performance expectancy and social influence. We also use the innovation diffusion functions, which are known to have the S-shape and are made up of the introduction, growth, maturity and decline phases. We do not, however, consider the decline phase, because the ICT that we are considering is not believed to be in that phase. Therefore, we researched how the three factors affect adoption in the three phases. We selected the cellular phone as the ICT, because it is considered to be the most popularly used ICT and its technology has been developing rapidly. We surveyed the cellular phone adopters in Korea, and the U.S. for 15 years from 1989 to 2003. Korea, and the U.S. represent newly developed and developed countries, respectively. For the data analysis, a survival analysis was used, as it could explain the characteristics of the potential adopters or non-adopters. We found that the ICT diffusion patterns, as well as the ICT diffusion factors, of the two countries were different. Therefore, we believe that the results of our research can be used in building strategies on reducing the digital divide gaps between countries.
Orientation of Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Polyesters in High Magnetic Fields (1982)

Abstract Strongly oriented poly-crystalline samples of polyesters containing mesogenic moieties and flexible spacers in the main chain have been produced by slowly cooling the molten samples in magnetic fields of up to 16 Tesla. This simple method appears to be successful for those polymers forming a “true” nematic phase over an extended range of temperatures. Cholesteric polymers are not oriented. Mesogenic polymers (such as SEB-5, SUC-5, and SEB-7) which pass only through a state of partial parallel ordering of chain segments before cystallizing cannot be oriented macroscopically. In these samples crystallization may interfere with the chain alignment in the magnetic field. In contrast to low molecular weight liquid crystals, the isotropic-liquid crystalline transition of the polyesters investigated has a strong thermal hysteresis.
ELECTRON-PROBE MICROANALYSIS OF TISSUE AND CELLS FROM IMPLANT AREAS (1966)

1. Electron-probe microanalysis shows that corrosion of an 18 per cent chromium-8 per cent nickel-3 per cent molybdenum stainless steel implant and of some pure metal implants may affect not only the surrounding tissues but also the individual cells. 2. Metallic contamination from surgical tools is confirmed. 3. Electron-probe microanalysis is shown to be a useful tool for studying individual biological cells. 4. The principles of electron-probe microanalysis are described.