gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of acute peripheral arterial and graft thromboses with low-dose streptokinase. (1982)

Seventeen patients with acute peripheral arterial or graft occlusion were treated with local low-dose intra-arterial streptokinase. The series includes eight patients with native vessel occlusion, six patients with vein graft occlusion, two patients with prosthetic graft occlusion, and one patient with renal allograft artery occlusion. The duration of occlusion prior to streptokinase therapy varied from 2 hours to 5 weeks. The treatment was successful in 14 of the 17 instances. In conjunction with the successful thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed subsequently in 10 of the patients and reconstructive surgery in three. One major and five minor hemorrhagic complications occurred and were considered to be secondary to the streptokinase therapy. In follow-up of up to 9 months, 11 of the 14 successfully treated patients continued to have a good result, without any indication of recurrent arterial occlusion. Two patients have died of causes unrelated to thrombolytic therapy and one patient required bypass grafting for recurrent thrombosis. None of the successfully treated patients lost a limb. Of the three patients in whom thrombolysis was unsuccessful, two required amputation. Local intra-arterial low-dose streptokinase appears to be a promising alternative to immediate operative treatment in carefully selected cases of arterial occlusion. Definitive treatment of the underlying cause of the thrombus usually is required and changes of success may be enhanced by the thrombolytic therapy.
Resolution conversion method with arbitrary rational values for transform‐coded images (1994)

Abstract The decimation and interpolation (contraction and expansion) processings of the image based on the orthogonal transform are simple and useful in the communication and storage of the digital image data. Consequently, their application to the resolution conversion of the image is expected. The conversion factor in this type of resolution conversion can be seas an arbitrary rational number if the size of the matrices in the forward and backward transforms can be set arbitrarily. On the other hand, the size of the transform matrix in the encoding is specified by the international standard and other specifications and it is not possible to set the conversion factor arbitrarily on the decoding side. When the transform matrix has the size of N , for example, the conversion factor is restricted to be the integer multiple of 1/ N . From such a viewpoint, this paper proposes a method that can realize a resolution conversion with an arbitrary conversion factor even if the transform matrix size in the encoding is already specified. The basic principle of the proposed method is to combine the conventional method and the decimation processing and can be characterized as a more general method than the conventional method. By a discussion based on the filter bank and multi‐rate system, the effective configuration for the proposed method is shown. It is shown also as a result that the conversion with an arbitrary rational factor can be executed with nearly the same computational complexity as in the conventional method. A simulation is executed using DCT and LOT and the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated while indicating the problems in DCT.
Improvements in ultrasound contrast agents (1996)

This article highlights the current state of ultrasound contrast imaging, including recent improvements in ultrasound contrast agents that allow the agents to pass through pulmonary circulation and even to circulate throughout the human body. A brief history of the field is presented, and current contrast agents and their properties are discussed. Clinical applications in cardiology and potential applications in other areas are also detailed.
A pulse ribbon model of monaural phase perception (1987)

This article presents two sets of experiments concerning the ability to discriminate changes in the phase spectra of wideband periodic sounds. In the first set, a series of local phase changes is used to modify the envelopes of the waves appearing at the outputs of a range of auditory filters. The size of the local phase change required for discrimination is shown to be strongly dependent on the repetition rate, intensity, and spectral location of the signal. In the second set of experiments, a global phase change is used to produce a progressive phase shift between the outputs of successive auditory filters, without changing the envelopes of the filtered waves. Contrary to what is often assumed, listeners can discriminate between-channel phase shifts once the total time delay across the channels containing the signal reaches 4-5 ms. In this case, however, the discrimination is largely independent of signal parameters other than bandwidth. A highly simplified model of the cochlea, consisting of an auditory filter bank and units that record the times of the larger peaks in the filter outputs, is developed to explain the two contrasting sets of results.
HMF: High-available Message-passing Framework for Cluster File System (2009)

In large-scale cluster systems, the failure rate of network connection is non-negligibly high. A cluster file system must have the ability to handle network failures in order to provide high-available data accesses service. Traditionally, network failure handling is only guaranteed by network protocol, or implemented within the file system semantic layer. We present the high-available message-passing framework which is called HMF. Based on the operation hierarchy in cluster file system, HMF guarantees the availability of each pair of network transmissions and their interaction with the file system sub-operations. It separates the network fault-tolerance design from the file system and keeps a simple interface between them. HMF could handle a lot of network failures internally, which greatly simplifies the implementation of file system semantic layer. Performance results show that HMF can increase the availability of message passing and reduce the cost of recovery from network failures. When there are two network channels, HMF also improves aggregate I/O bandwidth by 80% in normal condition while the performance degradation due to recovery is below 10%.
Maimonides on the Philosophic Sciences in his Treatise on the Art of Logic (1991)

This chapter examines Maimonides’ <italic>Treatise on the Art of Logic</italic>, which was written in his youth and may be considered to be his only purely philosophic work. The treatise was not written for a philosopher, nor was it composed to clarify philosophic issues, but rather to explain the terminology used by logicians. In the course of his résumé in the final chapter of the treatise, Maimonides moves from a treatment of logical terms to a brief survey of the philosophic sciences. He gets into this by way of defining the term <italic>falsafa</italic>, or ‘philosophy’. This brief survey of the sciences includes Maimonides’ well-known ‘statement on political science’. The chapter then studies Chapter 14 of the <italic>Treatise on the Art of Logic</italic>, focusing on the section on political science. It also considers the implications of this reading of the text for understanding Maimonides’ conception of the civil and religious law and the question of the allegedly political function of the latter.
Preparation of Antibacterial ZnO-CaO-P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Invert Glasses (2016)

ZnO-CaO-P2O5-Nb2O5 invert glasses, with ZnO substituted for CaO, were successfully prepared using a melt-quenching method. Their structures, dissolution behaviors, and antibacterial abilities were evaluated. Niobate switched its role of network former to modifier with increasing ZnO content, as Zn2+ ions preferentially coordinated with phosphate groups. In parallel, with increasing content of ZnO in the glasses, P-O-Zn bonds were formed, which crosslinked phosphate groups with ZnO acting as a network former. As a result, the glass-forming ability and chemical durability of the glasses were improved. The glasses showed antibacterial ability to gram-positive and -negative bacteria.
Corrigendum to “The IX Operating System: Combining Low Latency, High Throughput and Efficiency in a Protected Dataplane” (2017)

No abstract available.
Caustic Crossing Events and Source Models in Gravitational Lens Systems (2022)

High amplification events (HAEs) are common phenomena in extragalactic gravitational lens systems (GLSs), where the multiple images of a distant quasar are observed through a foreground galaxy. There is a considerable brightness magnification in one of the quasar images during HAE. Grieger, Kayser, and Refsdal (1988) proposed to use HAEs to study the central regions of quasars inGLSs. In this paper, we consider some problems concerning the identification of different source types on the basis of the HAE observations. We compare the results of light curve simulations to estimate a feasibility to distinguish different source models in GLSs. Analytic approximation methods yielding solutions of the lens equation in a vicinity of fold caustic crossing events are presented. The results are used to obtain amplification factors, which the higher-order corrections for the Gaussian, power-law, andlimb-darkening models of a source take into account.
Vitamin E recycling in human erythrocyte membranes (1993)

Vitamin E, the major lipid chain-breaking antioxidant in erythrocyte membranes, is present in low concentration, suggesting that mechanisms should exist to protect against its loss. Enzymatic pathways for the recycling of vitamin E from its tocopheroxyl radical have been observed previously in inner membranes of mitochondria and microsomes. These pathways use electron transport enzymes and their substrates to regenerate vitamin E. Erythrocyte membranes also contain significant NADH-cytochrome c reductase activity, as well as cytochrome b5, the function of which is not yet known. Using an enzymatic oxidation system composed of lipoxygenase and arachidonic acid, free radicals were produced in human erythrocyte membranes, and their reaction with chromanols was followed by ESR and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Since the endogenous vitamin E content of the membranes is very low, we used a vitamin E homologue lacking the hydrocarbon chain (2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-hydroxychromane) as a probe molecule for ESR measurements. However, parallel HPLC determinations of lipid hydroperoxides and of endogenous vitamin E confirmed the results obtained by ESR. It was found that protection against the loss of vitamin E can be provided either by NADH-cytochrome b5-dependent enzymatic recycling or by a nonenzymatic pathway involving ascorbate and dihydrolipoic acid.
Identification and Utility of FdmR1 as a <i>Streptomyces</i> Antibiotic Regulatory Protein Activator for Fredericamycin Production in <i>Streptomyces griseus</i> ATCC 49344 and Heterologous Hosts (2008)

The fredericamycin (FDM) A biosynthetic gene cluster, cloned previously from Streptomyces griseus ATCC 49344, contains three putative regulatory genes, fdmR, fdmR1, and fdmR2. Their deduced gene products show high similarity to members of the Streptomyces antibiotic regulatory protein (SARP) family (FdmR1) or to MarR-like regulators (FdmR and FdmR2). Here we provide experimental data supporting FdmR1 as a SARP-type activator. Inactivation of fdmR1 abolished FDM biosynthesis, and FDM production could be restored to the fdmR1::aac(3)IV mutant by expressing fdmR1 in trans. Reverse transcription-PCR transcriptional analyses revealed that up to 26 of the 28 genes within the fdm gene cluster, with the exception of fdmR and fdmT2, were under the positive control of FdmR1, directly or indirectly. Overexpression of fdmR1 in S. griseus improved the FDM titer 5.6-fold (to about 1.36 g/liter) relative to that of wild-type S. griseus. Cloning of the complete fdm cluster into an integrative plasmid and subsequent expression in heterologous hosts revealed that considerable amounts of FDMs could be produced in Streptomyces albus but not in Streptomyces lividans. However, the S. lividans host could be engineered to produce FDMs via constitutive expression of fdmR1; FDM production in S. lividans could be enhanced further by overexpressing fdmC, encoding a putative ketoreductase, concomitantly with fdmR1. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the viability of engineering FDM biosynthesis and improving FDM titers in both the native producer S. griseus and heterologous hosts, such as S. albus and S. lividans. The approach taken capitalizes on FdmR1, a key activator of the FDM biosynthetic machinery.
A Mechanism Design-Based Secure Architecture for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

To avoid the single point of failure for the certificate authority (CA) in MANET, a decentralized solution is proposed where nodes are grouped into different clusters. Each cluster should contain at least two confident nodes. One is known as CA and the another as register authority RA. The Dynamic Demilitarized Zone (DDMZ) is proposed as a solution for protecting the CA node against potential attacks. It is formed from one or more RA node. The problems of such a model are: (1) Clusters with one confident node, CA, cannot be created and thus clusters' sizes are increased which negatively affect clusters' services and stability. (2) Clusters with high density of RA can cause channel collision at the CA. (3) Clusters' lifetime are reduced since RA monitors are always launched (i.e., resource consumption). In this paper, we propose a model based on mechanism design that will allow clusters with single trusted node (CA) to be created. Our mechanism will motivate nodes that does not belong to the confident community to participate by giving them incentives in the form of trust, which can be used for cluster's services. To achieve this goal, a RA selection algorithm is proposed that selects nodes based on a predefined selection criteria function. Finally, empirical results are provided to support our solutions.
Errors Are Aversive (2008)

The error-related negativity (ERN) is a negative deflection in the event-related potential that is maximal approximately 50 ms after the commission of an error. The ERN is generated in the anterior cingulate cortex, a region of the medial prefrontal cortex implicated in both cognitive and emotional processing. Affective and motivational variables influence the magnitude of the ERN, which suggests that the ERN may relate to emotional or motivational aspects of error detection. In the present study, we evaluated the possibility that errors prime defensive motivational responses, and that the ERN may predict the magnitude of defensive reactivity after errors. We found that (a) the defensive startle response was larger following errors than following correct responses, and (b) the magnitude of the ERN predicted the degree of startle potentiation following errors. Thus, response errors prime defensive motivation-and the ERN predicts individual differences in the aversive response to errors.
Assignment of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene (PLAUR) to chromosome 19q13.1-q13.2. (1992)

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a key molecule in the regulation of cell-surface plasminogen activation and, as such, plays an important role in many normal as well as pathological processes. We applied a cDNA probe from the corresponding gene (PLAUR) in a location analysis using a panel of human/rodent cell hybrids and in a multipoint linkage analysis of 40 CEPH families. These two independent studies both found PLAUR to be located on chromosome 19. The cell hybrid study suggested that PLAUR is located at chromosome 19q13-qter, and the multipoint analysis indicated that PLAUR is located at chromosome 19q13.1-q13.2 and surrounded by DNA markers in the following way (with distances given in recombination fractions): D19S27-.11-CYP2A-.06-PLAUR-.03-D19S8-.04-APOC 2-.24-PRKCG. Further, a ligand-binding study performed on cell hybrids verified the species specificity of the uPAR and confirmed the chromosome assignment.
YOU'VE GOT TO HAVE HART (1992)

HART stands for Highway Addressable Remote Transducer and refers to the protocol (basically the signalling method, message structure and transaction rules) used for digital communication amongst “smart” process instruments and their control room counterparts. But why a special protocol for the process field?
Update on treatment of gastric cancer (2014)

Surgery is the main treatment for curing gastric cancer. Early diagnosis provides an excellent survival outcome via an improved detection of early gastric cancer and an improved resection rate. The extent of lymphadenectomy surgery has been under debate for a long time. In East Asian countries, especially Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, gastrectomy with D2 dissection is routinely performed. By contrast, in most Western countries, gastrectomy with D1 dissection is performed, due to lower mortality and morbidity. Recently, acceptance of D2 surgery has increased in Western countries because: (1) modified D2 lymphadenectomy (preservation of pancreas and spleen) improves operative morbidity and mortality; (2) Western surgeons can be trained to performed D2 lymph node dissection on Western patients safely; and (3) D2 resection decreases locoregional recurrence and prolongs survival. Current guidelines in the United States and Europe suggest modified D2 dissection is recommended, but needs to be performed by high-volume centers with experienced surgeons. Adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy should be prescribed for gastric cancer with Stage II or III disease, due to its marked benefits of reducing disease recurrence and increasing long-term survival. Patients with inoperable advanced gastric cancer should receive chemotherapy to improve their survival and quality of life if an acceptable performance status can be achieved. Targeted therapy with trastuzumab should be considered in patients with HER-2/neu overexpression who have a higher response rate and a longer survival.
A Novel Multifunctional Motif in the Amino-terminal A/B Domain of T3Rα Modulates DNA Binding and Receptor Dimerization (1998)

We reported previously that deletion of the 50-amino acid NH2-terminal A/B domain of the chicken (c) or rat thyroid hormone (T3) receptor-alpha (T3Ralpha) decreased the T3-dependent stimulation of genes regulated by native thyroid hormone response elements (TREs). This requirement of the NH2-terminal A/B domain for transcriptional activation was mapped to amino acids 21-30 of cT3Ralpha. Expression of transcription factor IIB (TFIIB) in cells was shown to enhance T3-dependent transcriptional activation by cT3Ralpha, and this enhancement by TFIIB was dependent on the same 10-amino acid sequence. In vitro binding studies indicated that cT3Ralpha interacts efficiently with TFIIB, and this interaction requires amino acids 23KRKRK27 in the A/B domain. In this study we document the functional importance of these five basic residues in transcriptional activation by cT3Ralpha, further supporting the biological significance of these residues and their interaction with TFIIB. Interestingly, we also find that the same amino acids also affect DNA binding and dimerization of cT3Ralpha. Gel mobility shift assays reveal that a cT3Ralpha mutant that has all five basic amino acids changed from 23KRKRK27 to 23TITIT27 binds to a palindromic TRE predominantly as a homodimer, whereas cT3Ralpha with the wild-type 23KRKRK27 sequence binds predominantly as a monomer. This results from both a marked decrease in the ability of the cT3Ralpha mutant to bind as a monomer and from an enhanced ability to dimerize as reflected by an increase in DNA-bound T3R-retinoic X receptor heterodimers. These effects of 23KRKRK27 on DNA binding, dimerization, transcriptional activation, and the association of T3Ralpha with TFIIB support the notion that this basic amino acid motif may influence the overall structure and function of T3Ralpha and, thus, play a role in determining the distinct context-dependent transactivation potentials of the individual T3R isoforms.
SiO2 planarization technology with biasing and electron cyclotron resonance plasma deposition for submicron interconnections (1986)

Bias electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma deposition technology is proposed to planarize submicron interconnections with a high aspect ratio (height/space of interconnection) in which rf bias is applied to the substrate of the ECR plasma deposition system. The technology has the following advantages. First, the concave region of the narrow gap between submicron interconnections with a high aspect ratio above 1.0 can be planarized and formed at the same insulator thickness as that of the convex region. This is due to high directionality of ECR plasma particles. Second, both deposition and etching rates can be controlled by adjusting the gas flow rates as well as the rf and microwave power. Third, an rf bias can be applied from the initial stage of the planarization process. This is because of sputter-etching with O2 ions without Ar, thus enabling a shorter planarization time. Using the bias-ECR plasma deposition technology, the 0.5 μm line/space Al (0.5 μm thickness) interconnection surface can be perfectly planarized.
Iterative Fourier-transform algorithm applied to computer holography (1988)

In the generation of computer-generated holograms the phase is in many applications a free parameter that can be manipulated to achieve a high diffraction efficiency, a small space–bandwidth product, and a speckle-free reconstruction. An iterative algorithm to determine such phase distributions is described. Experimental verifications are given.
Salvinorin-A Induces Intense Dissociative Effects, Blocking External Sensory Perception and Modulating Interoception and Sense of Body Ownership in Humans (2015)

Salvinorin-A induced intense psychotropic effects characterized by a dose-dependent gating of external audio-visual information and an inverted-U dose-response effect on body awareness. These results suggest a prominent role for the kappa opioid receptor in the regulation of sensory perception, interoception, and the sense of body ownership in humans.
Reversal of Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to Chloroquine in Panamanian Aotus Monkeys (1993)

An Aotus-Plasmodium falciparum model was used to determine if chloroquine resistance could be reversed in vivo. The putative resistance modulators tested all reverse chloroquine resistance in vitro and included verapamil, chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine, cyproheptadine, ketotifen, a tiapamil analog (Ro 11-2933), and a chlorpromazine analog (SKF 2133-A). Combinations of chloroquine plus chlorpromazine or prochlorperazine confirmed reversal of chloroquine resistance as exhibited by cures obtained in six Aotus monkeys infected with chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum (Vietnam Smith/RE strain) and rapid clearance of parasitemia, followed by recrudescence in six additional monkeys. The results indicate the following order of in vivo efficacy for reversing chloroquine resistance in Aotus: chlorpromazine > prochlorperazine >> desipramine >> Ro 11-2933 (tiapamil analog) > ketotifen. Cyproheptadine and verapamil were not effective in reversing chloroquine resistance and probable drug toxicity was observed with these drugs in combination with chloroquine.
Membrane proteinase 3 and Wegeners granulomatosis (2005)

Proteinase 3 (PR3) is found in neutrophil and monocyte lysosomal granules. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibodies (ANCA) with specificity for PR3 are characteristic for patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. The interaction of ANCA with neutrophilic ANCA antigens is necessary for the development of ANCA-associated diseases. ANCA bind to membrane-expressed PR3 and induce full-blown activation in primed neutrophils. We discuss two different aspects of membrane PR3 (mPR3). The first aspect is the amount of PR3 and mechanisms controlling this issue. The second aspect is the presence of two neutrophil subsets that differ in the mPR3 expression phenotype.