gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Moving Object Tracking in Video (2014)

The ongoing research on object tracking in video sequences has attracted many researchers. Detecting the objects in the video and tracking its motion to identify its characteristics has been emerging as a demanding research area in the domain of image processing and computer vision. This paper proposes a literature review on the state of the art tracking methods, categorize them into different categories, and then identify useful tracking methods. Most of the methods include object segmentation using background subtraction. The tracking strategies use different methodologies like Mean-shift, Kalman filter, Particle filter etc. The performance of the tracking methods vary with respect to background information. In this survey, we have discussed the feature descriptors that are used in tracking to describe the appearance of objects which are being tracked as well as object detection techniques. In this survey, we have classified the tracking methods into three groups, and a providing a detailed description of representative methods in each group, and find out their positive and negative aspects.
Piezoresistive Properties of Heavily Doped<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math>-Type Silicon (1964)

The piezoresistance effect has been studied in $n$-type silicon over the impurity concentration range from approximately 1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{15}$ to 1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{20}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. From the analysis of the results, it is concluded that for Fermi energies up to 0.08 eV above the band edge, the total number of states below the Fermi level is correctly given by assuming that the band is parabolic with a density-of-states effective mass equal to that found in pure silicon. The qualitative dependence of the mobility anisotropy on impurity concentration and temperature is determined from the piezoresistance results. From the temperature dependence of the coefficient ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{11}$, it is concluded that the deformation potential in $n$-type silicon increases by approximately 25% between 77 and 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Finally, the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{44}$ coefficient is found to increase with increasing impurity concentration at the highest concentrations. This behavior is attributed to the Fermi level approaching the energy of the conduction band at the [100] zone boundary in silicon having an electron concentration of the order of 1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{20}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$.
IoT Service Clustering for Dynamic Service Matchmaking (2017)

As the adoption of service-oriented paradigms in the IoT (Internet of Things) environment, real-world devices will open their capabilities through service interfaces, which enable other functional entities to interact with them. In an IoT application, it is indispensable to find suitable services for satisfying users' requirements or replacing the unavailable services. However, from the perspective of performance, it is inappropriate to find desired services from the service repository online directly. Instead, clustering services offline according to their similarity and matchmaking or discovering service online in limited clusters is necessary. This paper proposes a multidimensional model-based approach to measure the similarity between IoT services. Then, density-peaks-based clustering is employed to gather similar services together according to the result of similarity measurement. Based on the service clustering, the algorithms of dynamic service matchmaking, discovery, and replacement will be performed efficiently. Evaluating experiments are conducted to validate the performance of proposed approaches, and the results are promising.
Influence of Various Formaldehyde Treatments on the Nutritional Value of Casein for wool Growth (1973)

Formaldehyde-treated casein was prepared by either soaking the casein in dilute aqueous formaldehyde followed by washing and drying, or by mixing the casein with small volumes of more concentrated formaldehyde solutions and allowing unreacted formaldehyde to remain in the product.
Drop‐delay measurement using enzyme‐coated particles (1992)

A simple technique is suggested for the measurement of drop delay for flow sorting. While the flow cytometer was set to sort a fixed number of particles, the drop-delay setting was changed step by step, and at each step the HRP-coupled particles were sorted into a well of an immunoassay strip. Then the HRP activity of the sorted samples was revealed by routine methods. The maximum level of the enzyme activity shows the proper drop-delay setting. Determination of the drop-delay setting takes only a few minutes. The technique is independent of the type of flow cytometer and does not require any additional equipment.
Semiconductor Isotope Engineering (1993)

Isotopic control of semiconductor crystals offers a wide range of scientific and technical opportunities. We review neutron transmutation doping of natural and isotopically controlled semiconductor structures, special properties of isotope superlattices, the effect of host isotopes on local vibrational modes of low mass impurities, and intrinsic properties which depend on isotope mass and isotopic composition of single crystals.
Inkjet Printing of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composite Thin Film for Interconnection (2010)

In this paper, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) ink was selectively patterned by inkjet printing on substrates to form conductive traces and electrodes for interconnection application. MWCNT was firstly functionalized using concentrated acid and dispersed in deionized water to form a colloidal solution. Various concentrations of MWCNT were formulated to test the stability of the solution. The printability of the MWCNT ink was examined against printing temperature, ink concentration and ink droplet pitch. Rheological properties of the ink were determined by rheometer and sessile drop method. The electrical conductivity of the MWCNT pattern was measured against multiple printing of MWCNT on the same pattern (up to 10 layers). While single layer printing pattern exhibited highest resistance, the CNT entangled together and formed a random network with more printed layers has higher conductivity. The electrical properties of the printed film was compared to a composite ink of CNT and conducting polymer (CNT ink was mixed with conductive polymer solution, Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface structure and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the morphology of the printed film under different conditions.
Effect of surface modifiers on an ectoenzyme: granulocyte 5'-nucleotidase (1980)

Several agents that react with plasma membranes, namely the native lectins concanavalin A, Ricinus communis agglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin, the modified lectin succinyl concanavalin A, and sodium meta-periodate, inhibited the ecto-5'-nucleotidase of intact guinea pig granulocytes. Stimulation of the enzyme was not observed at any lectin concentration. Inhibition by native lectins could be blocked or reversed by appropriate competing hapten sugars. In the case of concanavalin A, reversal could be achieved at 37 degrees C, but not at 5 degrees C. When lectins were used in combination with each other, the effects were found to be largely independent. However, when concanavalin A and R. communis agglutinin were applied together, complications arose because the former lectin binds to the latter as well as to the cell surface. To avoid some of the complexities inherent in studying intact cell 5'-nucleotidase and to gain additional information about the system, two broken cell enzyme preparations were also examined. The enzyme of plasma membrane-enriched fractions was inhibited by all five agents mentioned above. 5'-Nucleotidase solubilized in sodium deoxycholate was inhibited by the four lectins but stimulated by periodate. The effects of the surface modifiers on kinetic data for all three enzyme preparations are consistent with the hypothesis that direct interactions with the enzyme molecule give rise to changes in Vmax; interactions at membrane sites other than 5'-nucleotidase itself could cause increases in apparent Km values. Effects of interactions of ectoenzymes with plant lectins may serve as models for phenomena that result from cell-cell interactions or from interactions of animal cells with lectin-like components of the cellular environment.
Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of a Single Dose of an Amylmetacresol/2,4-dichlorobenzyl Alcohol Plus Lidocaine Lozenge or a Hexylresorcinol Lozenge for the Treatment of Acute Sore Throat Due to Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (2012)

Both AMC/DCBA + lidocaine and hexylresorcinol lozenges provided rapid and effective sore throat relief in patients with URTI.
Exploiting the Protein Corona around Gold Nanorods for Loading and Triggered Release (2012)

We form coronas of serum proteins on gold nanorods (NRs) coated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). These coronas can be exploited for their ability to hold small molecular therapeutics at a capacity much higher (~5-10×) than what covalent conjugation strategies can achieve. Coronas are loaded with DNA oligonucleotides and Doxorubicin, showing that they can hold species of either negative or positive charge. Payload capacity varies with assembly strategy, ionic strength, and loading concentration. Payload release can be achieved by increasing the temperature or by ultrafast laser excitation of the NRs at their longitudinal surface plasmon resonance. DNA leakage from the corona is minimal within the first 3 days of preparation, although Dox leakage was more significant. The coronas also stabilize the NRs in buffer and biological media. This study demonstrates the biological utility of the protein corona around nanomaterials, contrasting the common view of the corona as an undesirable biological response.
Attenuation of age- and sucrose-induced insulin resistance and syndrome X by a synergistic antioxidant cocktail: the AMIS syndrome and HISS hypothesisThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue on Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. (2010)

Absence of meal-induced insulin sensitization (AMIS) results in a predictable progression of dysfunctions, including postprandial hyperglycemia, compensatory hyperinsulinemia, resultant hyperlipidemia, increased oxidative stress, and obesity, progressing to syndrome X and diabetes. To one year of age, rats show a slow development of AMIS, but this can be potentiated by addition of a low-dose sucrose supplement to the diet. Provision of a synergistic antioxidant cocktail consisting of S-adenosylmethionine, vitamin E, and vitamin C (Samec) attenuates the rate and extent of development of AMIS in both normal aging animals and in aging animals on the sucrose diet. Adiposity, assessed from weighed regional fat masses and from bioelectrical impedance to estimate whole-body adiposity, correlated strongly with AMIS (r2 = 0.7-0.8). Rats given the sucrose supplement had accelerated AMIS and developed fasting hyperinsulinemia and postprandial hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and adiposity. Samec completely compensated for the negative impact of this sucrose supplement and attenuated development of the associated dysfunctions. AMIS is explained by the HISS (hepatic insulin-sensitizing substance) hypothesis, which is outlined in the paper.
Relation Between Limiting Exhalation Flow Rate and Lung Volume (1987)

A previous communication presented a procedure to convert perturbational airways resistance to plethysmographic resistance. While working with this procedure, we discovered that one of the unknown exhalation parameters must be, set to a value of 1.0, and another represents the inverse of the respiratory system time constant. This simplifies the conversion procedure and makes it easier to apply.
Gemella parahaemolysans sp. nov. and Gemella taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens (2014)

Four Gram-staining-positive, catalase-negative, coccoid isolates, designated NTUH_1465(T), NTUH_2196, NTUH_4957 and NTUH_5572(T), were isolated from human specimens. The four isolates displayed more than 99.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Gemella haemolysans ATCC 10379(T), and 96.7 to 98.6% similarity with Gemella sanguinis ATCC 700632(T), Gemella morbillorum ATCC 27824(T) or Gemella cuniculi CCUG 42726(T). However, phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of three housekeeping genes, groEL, rpoB and recA, suggested that the four isolates were distinct from G. haemolysans ATCC 10379(T) and other species. Isolates NTUH_2196, NTUH_4957 and NTUH_5572(T) clustered together and formed a stable monophyletic clade. DNA-DNA hybridization values among strains NTUH_1465(T) and NTUH_5572(T) and their phylogenetically related neighbours were all lower than 49%. The four isolates could be distinguished from G. haemolysans and other species by phenotypic characteristics. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic results, two novel species Gemella parahaemolysans sp. nov. (type strain NTUH_1465(T) = BCRC 80365(T) = JCM 18067(T)) and Gemella taiwanensis sp. nov. (type strain NTUH_5572(T) = BCRC 80366(T) = JCM 18066(T)) are proposed.
The Applications of Microwave Power in the Food Industry in the United States (1973)

While many of the leading commercial applications of microwave power to the food industry in the United States are no longer operative, there are several new systems that are going strong. Foremost among these are microwave donut proofing and frying which account for some fifteen or more commercial systems; at least six commercial pasta drying systems; and at least six commercial meat tempering systems. There are also smaller numbers of operational chicken precookers and bacon cooking systems, along with some other isolated applications.Although problems of poor equipment reliability, improper projection of real economic gain, high capital and operational costs, and developing technologies of conventional heating systems have plagued the growth of industrial applications, the trend may be reversing as many of these problems are overcome and higher labor costs force a new look at microwave solutions.
Enhanced frequency response associated with negative photoconductance in an InGaAs/InAlAs avalanche photodetector (2003)

We report an InAlAs/InGaAs avalanche photodetector with the photocurrent–voltage characteristic exhibiting a negative conductance region. The frequency response of a device exhibits the internal rf-gain effect in the avalanche region, and the gain peak occurs at progressively higher frequencies as the applied voltage increases. The pulse response experiment in the time domain characterizes the formation process of the space-charge wave signal near the threshold voltage in the avalanche region. The experimental result, displaying a multivalued bandwidth curve with respect to the current-gain, shows that the avalanche process does not limit the speed of the avalanche photodetector, in contrast to the conventional one.
Palette-Based Image Recoloring Using Color Decomposition Optimization (2017)

Previous works on palette-based color manipulation typically fail to produce visually pleasing results with vivid color and natural appearance. In this paper, we present an approach to edit colors of an image by adjusting a compact color palette. Different from existing methods that fail to preserve inherent color characteristics residing in the source image, we propose a color decomposition optimization for flexible recoloring while retaining these characteristics. For an input image, we first employ a variant of the k -means algorithm to create a palette consisting of a small set of most representative colors. Next, we propose a color decomposition optimization to decompose colors of the entire image into linear combinations of basis colors in the palette. The captured linear relationships then allow us to recolor the image by recombining the coding coefficients with a user-modified palette. Qualitative comparisons with existing methods show that our approach can more effectively recolor images. Further user study quantitatively demonstrates that our method is a good candidate for color manipulation tasks. In addition, we showcase some applications enabled by our method, including pattern colorings suggesting, color transfer, tissue staining analysis and color image segmentation.
The Autonomous Maritime Navigation (AMN) project: Field tests, autonomous and cooperative behaviors, data fusion, sensors, and vehicles (2010)

Abstract Many small boat operations can be considered in the categories of “dull, dirty, or dangerous” jobs that are appropriate for automation. Dull jobs include long‐range missions or surveillance tasks that can cause physical or mental fatigue in the crew. In addition, operational considerations may limit a human operator's time, such as exposure to heat or cold or union rules on maximum hours per day or job. The marine environment can be a dirty one as well, with wind‐driven salt spray damaging unprotected eyes. And military operations such as riverine patrol or interception of potentially hostile craft can be dangerous for a human crew. Robotic systems allowing autonomous small boat operations can be a good match by providing rugged systems that keep sailors out of harm's way and also display “digital acuity” in that their sensors will be as efficient in their first hour of patrolling as in their last. This paper describes work done to build and test an autonomy system allowing several different boats to perform significant missions both by themselves and in cooperative modes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multilingual person name recognition and transliteration (2005)

Nous présentons ici un outil de repérage des noms de personnes, à partir d’articles de la presse internationale, capable de reconnaître les différentes variantes d’un même nom. L’originalité de notre approche vient de l’identification des variantes de noms à travers les langues et systèmes d’écriture, grec, cyrillique et arabe compris. Étant donné notre contexte multilingue, nous utilisons une représentation interne standard de chaque nom ainsi qu’une même mesure de similarité (au lieu d’adopter l’approche bilingue habituelle de la translittération). Ce module fait partie d’un outil plus général qui analyse en moyenne 15.000 articles de journaux chaque jour, afin de regrouper les documents similaires, aussi bien dans une même langue que dans des langues différentes.
Testing Methods of Component Contents during Rare-earth Extraction Process Based on Image Feature Retrieval (2014)

One online monitoring method based on the component contents of image feature retrieval is proposed to conduct the extracting and separating process for the rare-earth ion’s feature color. By analyzing different component contents of rare-earth ion color features, it is exposed with the relevance between component contents and the color feature H component. By combining the image retrieval technique based on contents, two retrieval algorithms, H component histogram and H component coherence vector, are proposed to help with the rare-earth component contents’ testing. In order to improve the soft sensing accuracy, the sensing accuracy correction algorithm based on PSO is suggested. To verify the effects of the above algorithm, the rare-earth component contents soft sensing experimenting platform based on image retrieval has been developed with VC6.0 and SQL Server. After doing imitation experiment with the component contents from the subjects of the rare-earth’s two components Pr/Nd extraction separation system, this method is proved with a fairly high testing accuracy.
Differential microRNA expression signatures and cell type-specific association with Taxol resistance in ovarian cancer cells (2014)

Paclitaxel (Taxol) resistance remains a major obstacle for the successful treatment of ovarian cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have oncogenic and tumor suppressor activity and are associated with poor prognosis phenotypes. miRNA screenings for this drug resistance are needed to estimate the prognosis of the disease and find better drug targets. miRNAs that were differentially expressed in Taxol-resistant ovarian cancer cells, compared with Taxol-sensitive cells, were screened by Illumina Human MicroRNA Expression BeadChips. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to identify target genes of selected miRNAs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was applied to identify dysregulated miRNAs in ovarian cancer patients using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 82 miRNAs were identified in ovarian carcinoma cells compared to normal ovarian cells. miR-141, miR-106a, miR-200c, miR-96, and miR-378 were overexpressed, and miR-411, miR-432, miR-494, miR-409-3p, and miR-655 were underexpressed in ovarian cancer cells. Seventeen miRNAs were overexpressed in Taxol-resistant cells, including miR-663, miR-622, and HS_188. Underexpressed miRNAs in Taxol-sensitive cells included miR-497, miR-187, miR-195, and miR-107. We further showed miR-663 and miR-622 as significant prognosis markers of the chemo-resistant patient group. In particular, the downregulation of the two miRNAs was associated with better survival, perhaps increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to Taxol. In the chemo-sensitive patient group, only miR-647 could be a prognosis marker. These miRNAs inhibit several interacting genes of p53 networks, especially in TUOS-3 and TUOS-4, and showed cell line-specific inhibition effects. Taken together, the data indicate that the three miRNAs are closely associated with Taxol resistance and potentially better prognosis factors. Our results suggest that these miRNAs were successfully and reliably identified and would be used in the development of miRNA therapies in treating ovarian cancer.
B<scp>iological</scp> R<scp>isks of</scp> R<scp>esin-based</scp> M<scp>aterials to the</scp> D<scp>entin-</scp>P<scp>ulp</scp> C<scp>omplex</scp> (2004)

Over the past 30 years, restorative dentistry has seen a revolution in materials, restorative techniques, and patient priorities. This revolution has been made possible with the development of new resin-based materials which can be bonded to the tooth structure. Not all of these changes have been without controversy or concern, and some have raised questions about the biological safety of these new materials and techniques. It is the purpose of this review to present recent and relevant information about the biological risks and consequences of resin-tooth bonding and how these risks are affected by the material, its clinical properties, and its manipulation by the practitioner. These biological risks are complex and interactive, and are still incompletely defined. In broad terms, these risks can be divided into those stemming from the toxicological properties of the materials themselves (direct biological risks) and those stemming from microbiological leakage (indirect biological risks).
Fault grading, a measure of logic simulation integrity (2003)

It is argued that although fault grading is generally used as a measure of the completeness of the test program, it has an even greater potential in measuring the integrity of the functional analysis as performed by the logic simulation. A brief description of stuck-at-1 and stuck-at-0 fault simulation is given. Fault simulation is contrasted with the typical controllability and observability measures, and the benefits of high fault coverage are examined. A number of standard techniques for improving fault coverage are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>