gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Behavior of the Isomers of α,ε-Diaminopimelic Acid on Paper Chromatograms (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Behavior of the Isomers of α,ε-Diaminopimelic Acid on Paper ChromatogramsLionel E. Rhuland, Elizabeth Work, R. F. Denman, and D. S. HoareCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 18, 4844–4846Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01623a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01623a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views295Altmetric-Citations376LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The mars laser communication demonstration (2004)

This paper provides the status of the Mars laser communication demonstration project, a joint project between NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL). It reviews the current ideas/designs for the flight and ground segments, the critical technologies required, and the concept of operations. The laser communication (lasercom) flight terminal be flown on the Mars Telecom Orbiter (MTO) to be launched by NASA in 2009, and demonstrate a technology which has the potential of vastly improving NASA's ability to communicate throughout the solar system.
Development and test of a new scanning geometry for Computed Tomography (2009)

This work presents an alternative scanning geometry for Computed Tomography with Double Optimal Reading, called CT D’OR. With this geometry, the Radon data are acquired after the X-ray beam is collimated through a special mask, which enables an efficient data collection and may reduce the patient dose. We have demonstrated with a test-device that the scanning geometry CT D’OR acquires data for two independent and complementary reconstructions. Additionally, we have shown with a Monte Carlo simulation that the image quality attained using this scanning geometry is equivalent to the one attained by conventional geometries.
A Novel Contactless Battery Charging System for Soccer Playing Robot (2008)

This paper proposes a novel contactless battery charging system using capacitive power transfer (CPT) technology. The aim is to achieve an intervention-free energy replenishment system for soccer playing robots. When the battery level of a soccer playing robot is detected to be low, it is navigated to the battery charging station to charge up automatically. Although inductive power transfer (IPT) technology has been investigated for such an application, the CPT technology provides a new solution which can transfer power across metal barriers and reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI). This paper covers system design of a power converter for high frequency electric field generation, proper coupling between the primary circuit and the power pick-up on board the robot, as well as the pick-up battery charging. Simulation and experimental results have proven the working of the proposed contactless battery charging system.
Diamond, graphite, and amorphous carbon deposition (1991)

In an expansion type plasma reactor thin layers of carbon have been deposited with high growth rates : for amorphous carbon 100 nm/s on 100 cm 2 , for diamond 10 nm/s on 1 cm 2 , and for graphite up to 1 μm/s on 1 cm 2 . It appears that the crystallinity as is measured by Raman scattering of the layers depends on the pressure and the percentage of hydrogen admixture in the plasma. Also the substrate temperature is a critical parameter. In the case of amorphous carbon the quality of the layer, e.g. refractive index, hardness, or optical band gap, depends mainly on the available energy per deposited carbon atom.
Role of Clays Structures on the Polybenzimidazole Nanocomposites: Potential Membranes for the Use in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (2011)

Polymer nanocomposites of poly (4,4′-diphenylether-5,5′-bibenzimidazole) (OPBI) were prepared with two structurally different organoclays, namely, montmorillonite (OMMT) and kaolinite (OKao), to evaluate the effect of clay structures on the nanocomposites morphology, structure, and the properties. Solid State 13C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, small-angle X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy studies suggested the formation of exfoliated structure for OPBI/OMMT, whereas and intercalated structure was obtained for OPBI/OKao. Both the nanocomposites displayed significant enhancement in the thermal stabilities compared to the pristine OPBI, and the higher thermal stability of OPBI/OMMT than that of OPBI/OKao was attributed to the higher degree of dispersion of the nanoclay into the OPBI matrix owing to the exfoliated structure of the former. Both the nanocomposites membranes exhibited large mechanical reinforcement by the clays and the superior mechanical property was obtained in the rubbery state compared to the glassy state. The storage moduli (E′) for the OPBI/OKao membranes were found to be higher than that of OPBI/OMMT and recognized to the different dispersion patterns of both the organoclays along the polymer matrixes. The dispersed clay particles in the OPBI matrix shielded the polymer chains from the attack of oxidative radicals and resulted in huge enhancement of oxidative stability of the nanocomposites membranes compared to the pure OPBI membrane. The nanocomposites membranes have significantly higher phosphoric acid (PA) loading compared to the pure OPBI membrane which resulted higher proton conductivities of the formers. A continuous “forming–breaking–forming” process of weak hydrogen bonds of OPBI and the organoclays with PA was found to be the driving force for nearly a one order increase in proton conductivities for nanocomposite membranes. The low activation energy (Ea), comparable with the Ea of free PA, obtained from the temperature dependent proton conductivities suggested a faster proton conduction process.
Anticoagulants Plus Streptokinase Therapy in Progressive Stroke (1964)

AN ATTEMPT to lyse intravascular thrombi in progressive cerebral thrombosis seemed to be a method of treatment worth investigating. It was hoped to restore blood flow to the ischemic area of the brain before irreversible infarction had occurred. Several methods are presently available for induction of an active thrombolytic state in patients with progressive strokes. One method, the intravenous infusion of streptokinase-activated human plasminogen, has already been studied in our neurological unit.<sup>1,2</sup>No statistical difference in the clinical outcome was noted between those treated with plasmin and those who did not receive the preparation. The present study was designed to investigate the possible usefulness of streptokinase ( SK ) in progressive strokes. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> All of the 73 patients admitted to this study had progressive stroke treated within 72 hours of its onset. To reduce the risk of treating intracerebral hemorrhage or producing hemorrhage, patients were selected with a clear
Customer Thermal Energy Storage a Marketing Opportunity for Cooling off Electric Peak Demand (1986)

Traditionally, electric utilities have forecast the demand for their product and planned a supply system to satisfy the market. Rather than treating the forecast demand as a given, Florida Power & Light Company (FPL), has established a marketing planning function to alter future demand through direct involvement in the marketplace. The crucial element in management's evaluation of opportunities to build, maintain, shift, or reduce customer load is a better understanding of our customers, including their preferences and behavior in purchasing energy. A market analysis utilizing a comprehensive marketing planning model, the Load Management Strategy Testing Model (LMSTM), indicates that the commercial sector, in general, and customer thermal energy storage, in particular, is a demand-side option the Company will actively promote. That identification is made by a detailed market feasibility study FPL is currently managing.
Active Packaging of Food (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction and Background Information Oxygen Scavengers Carbon Dioxide Scavengers/Emitters Ethylene Scavengers Ethanol Emitters Preservative Releasers Moisture Absorbers Flavour/Odour Absorbers and Releasers Temperature Control Packaging Temperature Compensating Films Conclusions References
FTY720-induced human pulmonary endothelial barrier enhancement is mediated by c-Abl (2010)

Strategies to improve pulmonary endothelial barrier function are needed to reverse the devastating effects of vascular leak in acute respiratory distress syndrome. FTY720 is a pharmaceutical analogue of the potent barrier-enhancing phospholipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). FTY720 decreases vascular permeability by an incompletely characterised mechanism that differs from S1P. Here, we describe its barrier-promoting effects on intracellular signalling and junctional assembly formation in human pulmonary endothelium. Permeability of cultured human pulmonary endothelial cells was assessed using transendothelial electrical resistance and dextran transwell assays. Junctional complex formation was assessed using membrane fractionation and immunofluorescence. Pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering (si)RNA were utilised to determine the effects of individual components on permeability. Unlike S1P, FTY720 failed to induce membrane translocation of adherens junction or tight junction proteins. β-catenin, occludin, claudin-5 or zona occludens protein (ZO)-1/ZO-2 siRNAs did not alter FTY720-induced barrier enhancement. FTY720 induced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation and focal adhesion formation, with FAK siRNA partially attenuating the prolonged phase of barrier enhancement. Inhibition of Src, protein kinase (PK)A, PKG, PKC or protein phosphatase 2A failed to alter FTY720-induced barrier enhancement. FTY720 increased c-Abl tyrosine kinase activity and c-Abl siRNA attenuated peak barrier enhancement after FTY720. FTY720 enhances endothelial barrier function by a novel pathway involving c-Abl signalling.
Functional programming with graphs (1997)

Graph algorithms expressed in functional languages often suffer from their inherited imperative, state-based style. In particular, this impedes formal program manipulation. We show how to model persistent graphs in functional languages by graph constructors. This provides a decompositional view of graphs which is very close to that of data types and leads to a "more fictional" formulation of graph algorithms. Graph constructors enable the definition of general fold operations for graphs. We present a promotion theorem for one of these folds that allows program fusion and the elimination of intermediate results. Fusion is not restricted to the elimination of tree-like structures, and we prove another theorem that facilitates the elimination of intermediate graphs. We describe an ML-implementation of persistent graphs which efficiently supports the presented fold operators. For example, depth-first-search expressed by a fold over a functional graph has the same complexity as the corresponding imperative algorithm.
Mistral: a myopic edge-preserving image restoration method, with application to astronomical adaptive-optics-corrected long-exposure images (2004)

Deconvolution is a necessary tool for the exploitation of a number of imaging instruments. We describe a deconvolution method developed in a Bayesian framework in the context of imaging through turbulence with adaptive optics. This method uses a noise model that accounts for both photonic and detector noises. It additionally contains a regularization term that is appropriate for objects that are a mix of sharp edges and smooth areas. Finally, it reckons with an imperfect knowledge of the point-spread function (PSF) by estimating the PSF jointly with the object under soft constraints rather than blindly (i.e., without constraints). These constraints are designed to embody our knowledge of the PSF. The implementation of this method is called MISTRAL. It is validated by simulations, and its effectiveness is illustrated by deconvolution results on experimental data taken on various adaptive optics systems and telescopes. Some of these deconvolutions have already been used to derive published astrophysical interpretations.
Universidades Católicas el dialogo fe y razón como aprendizaje relevante: diseño y desarrollo curricular (2016)

Since a large number of computationally predicted exons are not supported by existing sequence (e.g. ESTs) or experimental (e.g. expression analysis) data they need to be validated by other methods. ETOPE is designed to test computational predictions by using signals that have not been included in any current computational prediction method. The test is based on the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates between sequences from different genomes. It has been previously shown, by empirical data and computer simulation, to be a powerful criterion for identifying protein-coding regions. The ETOPE is available at http://nekrut.uchicago.edu/etope/.
Toxicology of Marijuana: Conditions for Conversion of Cannabidioi to THC upon Smoking (1973)

(1973). Toxicology of Marijuana: Conditions for Conversion of Cannabidioi to THC upon Smoking. Clinical Toxicology: Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 211-216.
CoParsing of RDF & XML (2001)

parsing, coroutines, XML, RDF, inversion RDF/XML is defined using two grammars, that for XML over text, and that for RDF over XML nodes. Conway's classic pipeline compiler architecture is extended to have two coparsers one for each grammar. A direct implementation of this architecture using Java threads for coroutines is presented. An alternate implementation, with the second parser inverted is discussed. Implications for other XML dialects are suggested.
MPEG-4 video verification model: A solution for interactive multimedia applications (1998)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Single-mode fiber optics: Principles and applications (1983)

A basic, unified reference, rather than a description of the current experimental activity, presenting the scientific and engineering principles of single-mode optical fibers. It does, however, update discussions to reflect developments since the 1983 first edition, particularly those spurred by the
60 GHz wireless communications: Emerging requirements and design recommendations (2007)

Multiple GHz of internationally available, unlicensed spectrum surrounding the 60 GHz carrier frequency has the ability to accommodate high-throughput wireless communications. While the size and availability of this free spectrum make it very attractive for wireless applications, 60 GHz implementations must overcome many challenges. For example, the high attenuation and directional nature of the 60 GHz wireless channel as well as limited gain amplifiers and excessive phase noise in 60 GHz transceivers are explicit implementation difficulties. The challenges associated with this channel motivate commercial deployment of short-range wireless local area networks, wireless personal area networks, and vehicular networks. In this paper we detail design tradeoffs for algorithms in the 60 GHz physical layer including modulation, equalization, and space-time processing. The discussion is enhanced by considering the limitations in circuit design, characteristics of the effective wireless channel (including antennas), and performance requirements to support current and next generation 60 GHz wireless communication applications.
Pluripotency in the Embryo and in Culture (2012)

Specific cells within the early mammalian embryo have the capacity to generate all somatic lineages plus the germline. This property of pluripotency is confined to the epiblast, a transient tissue that persists for only a few days. In vitro, however, pluripotency can be maintained indefinitely through derivation of stem cell lines. Pluripotent stem cells established from the newly formed epiblast are known as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), whereas those generated from later stages are called postimplantation epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). These different classes of pluripotent stem cell have distinct culture requirements and gene expression programs, likely reflecting the dynamic development of the epiblast in the embryo. In this chapter we review current understanding of how the epiblast forms and relate this to the properties of derivative stem cells. We discuss whether ESCs and EpiSCs are true counterparts of different phases of epiblast development or are culture-generated phenomena. We also consider the proposition that early epiblast cells and ESCs may represent a naïve ground state without any prespecification of lineage choice, whereas later epiblasts and EpiSCs may be primed in favor of particular fates.
Convergent Synthesis of Internally Branched PAMAM Dendrimers (2005)

[reaction: see text] A series of aliphatic internally branched poly(amido amine) dendrons and dendrimers has been synthesized. The internal branching unit was 1,2-propanediamine and a series of PAMAM-type dendrons of the types AB2, AB4, and AB8 were built. These were anchored on a core molecule containing four carboxylic acid moieties and the 1,2-propanediamine unit resulted in PAMAM dendrimers with 4, 8, 16, and 32 end groups.
In Vivo Fluorescent Labeling of Tumor Cells with the HaloTag® Technology (2012)

Many fluorescent sensors are currently available for in vitro bio-physiological microscopic imaging. The ability to label cells in living animals with these fluorescent sensors would help translate some of these assays into in vivo applications. To achieve this goal, the first step is to establish a method for selectively labeling target cells with exogenous fluorophores. Here we tested whether the HaloTag protein tagging system provides specific labeling of xenograft tumors in living animals. After systemic delivery of fluorophore-conjugated ligands, we performed whole animal planar fluorescent imaging to determine uptake in tag-expressing HCT116 xenografts. Our results demonstrate that HaloTag ligands containing red or near-infrared fluorophores have enhanced tumor uptake and are suitable for non-invasive in vivo imaging. Our proof-of-concept results establish feasibility for using HaloTag technology for bio-physiological imaging in living animals.
Evaluation of object-oriented database for distribution network monitoring system (2002)

This paper outlines an original object-oriented database management system which is designed for industrial applications and describes results of an experiment to apply it to a graphical user interface in a power distribution monitoring system. Database management systems are widely used and achieve high productivity and high reliability of data management in the business field and in some engineering areas. However conventional database systems, especially relational database systems, are rarely used in industrial real-time fields. This paper presents advantages of object-oriented concepts for modeling complex data of a monitoring system. The object-oriented database successfully supports data-modeling requirements of GUI applications, and the performance is well acceptable for GUI applications.
Antibacterial effect of protamine assayed by impedimetry (1995)

Impedimetric measurements were used to assay the antibacterial effect of protamine. A good linear correlation between the impedance detection time and the initial cell counts was obtained (r = 0.99, n = 2). As basic peptides may cause clumping of cells, this correlation curve was used when estimating the cell number after protamine treatment, rather than colony counts. Protamine from salmon killed growing Gram-positive bacteria and significantly inhibited growth of Gram-negative bacteria in Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) at 25 degrees C. In general Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to protamine than Gram-negative bacteria; the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) determined for Gram-positive strains varied from 20 to 1000 micrograms ml-1 and for Gram-negative strains from 500 micrograms ml-1 to more than 4000 micrograms ml-1. The effect of protamine on non-growing Listeria monocytogenes Scott A suspended in buffer was not lethal as was the effect on growing cells; however, protamine (50-500 micrograms ml-1) killed the Gram-negative fish spoilage bacteria Shewanella putrefaciens when the live cells were suspended in buffer.
Synthetic Approaches to Indolo[2,3-a]carbazole alkaloids. Syntheses of arcyriaflavin A and AT2433-B aglycone (1992)

Ozonolysis of tetrahydrophthalimides 17 and 18 or cyclohexene diester 25 and treatment of the intermediate dialdehydes (19,20,26) with an arylhydrazine affords the corresponding bis-arylhydrazones (21–24,27,28). Exposure of 21 and 23 to PSSE in CH3NO2 gives the indolo[2,3-a]carbazole alkaloids arcyriaflavin A (8) and AT2433-B aglycone (29) in low yield. bis-Phenylhydrazones (osazones) (33,34,42,44) of cyclohexandiones were synthesized by m-CPBA oxidation of 4,5-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)tetrahydrophthalimides followed by treatment of the presumed intermediate 1,2-cyclohexanediones with an arylhydrazine. These osazones were cyclized to the corresponding indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles with PPSE.
Relationship of Pain Drawing Scores to Ratings of Pain Description and Function (1991)

We examined the relationship between pain distribution and measures of self-reported behavioral functioning, pain intensity, frequency, and quality in 51 patients with chronic pain. Results indicate that patients with more distributed pain report their pain as more disruptive to important areas of functioning and also report their pain as more intense and frequent. These results corroborate previous findings and suggest that pain distribution may be used as a useful clinical marker of disability status in chronic pain patients.