gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clarifying the Linguistic Signature: Measuring Personality From Natural Speech (2008)

In this study, we examined the viability of measuring personality using computerized lexical analysis of natural speech. Two well-validated models of personality were measured, one involving trait positive affectivity (PA) and negative affectivity (NA) dimensions and the other involving a separate behavioral inhibition motivational system (BIS) and a behavioral activation motivational system (BAS). Individuals with high levels of trait PA and sensitive BAS expressed high levels of positive emotion in their natural speech, whereas individuals with high levels of trait NA and sensitive BIS tended to express high levels of negative emotion. The personality variables accounted for almost a quarter of the variance in emotional expressivity.
Multifunctional Antioxidants for the Treatment of Age-Related Diseases (2010)

Analogues of N,N-dimethyl-4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazine-1-sulfonamide possessing a free radical scavenger group (FRS), chelating groups (CHL), or both (FRS + CHL) have been synthesized. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry studies indicate that select members of this series bind ions in the relative order of Cu(1+) = Cu(2+) > Fe(2+) = Fe(3+) > Zn(2+) with no binding of Ca(2+) or Mg(2+) observed. In vitro evaluation of these compounds in human lens epithelial, human retinal pigmented epithelial, and human hippocampal astrocyte cell lines indicates that all analogues possessing the FRS group as well as the water-soluble vitamin E analogue 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid protect these cells against decreased cell viability and glutathione levels induced by hydrogen peroxide. In addition, those compounds possessing CHL groups also protected these cells against hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction. These compounds are good candidates for the preventive treatment of cataract, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and Alzheimer's dementia (AD).
Notes on the Vases in Castle Ashby (1929)

The collection of Greek vases formed in Italy by the second Marquess of Northampton is the richest private collection in Great Britain and one of the richest in the world. A good many of the finest pieces are tolerably well known. One or two of them were drawn for Gerhard while they were still in the Roman market; and were published by him in his Auserlesene Vasenbilder . A brief notice of the collection was communicated to Gerhard by Birch and published in the Archäologische Zeitung for 1846: in 1863 Conze visited Castle Ashby and contributed some observations to the same periodical; but the notes which Furtwängler took in 1881 are much fuller and much more valuable. In 1888 a selection of the vases was exhibited at the Burlington Fine Arts Club and described by Froehner in the catalogue of the exhibition: Froehner's descriptions have zest, and the illustrations, though not numerous, are good. In 1903 a different selection formed portion of another exhibition organised by the same Society, and found place in the illustrated catalogue issued in 1904. In 1903, two important fragments were published by Hartwig in his Meisterschalen .
Testosterone versus testosterone and testolactone in treating reproductive and sexual dysfunction in men with epilepsy and hypogonadism (1998)

Antiepileptic drug-induced reductions in serum levels of biologically active testosterone and elevations in serum estradiol (E2) may contribute to sexual dysfunction among men with epilepsy. Treatment using a combination of testosterone and the aromatase inhibitor testolactone may have significantly better effects on sexual function and also seizure frequency than testosterone alone.
Dynamic Finite-Element Analysis of Jointed Concrete Pavements (1994)

A new dynamic finite-element computer program, DYNA-SLAB, for the analysis of jointed concrete pavements subjected to moving transient loads is presented. The dynamic solution is formulated in both the time and the frequency domains. The structural model for the slab system is the one used in the static computer program ILLI-SLAB. The foundation support is represented by either a damped Winkler model with uniformly distributed frequency-dependent springs and dashpots or a system of semi-infinite horizontal layers resting on a rigid base or a semi-infinite half-space. An important contribution from the study is a new analytical method for determining the stiffness and damping coefficients to be used in the Winkler foundation model. The accuracy of DYNA-SLAB has been verified by comparing the results produced by the program with those from theoretical closed-form solutions and from a powerful dynamic soil-structure interaction computer program called SASSI as well as with field data. The analytical results indicate that dynamic analysis is generally not needed for the design of rigid pavements and that it usually leads to decreased pavement response. Thus, it appears that a quasistatic analysis is sufficient and that the results from this type of analysis will generally be conservative, provided that the wheel loads used in the analysis have been adjusted for the effects of vehicle velocity, truck suspension characteristics, and pavement roughness.
Simulation of the hydraulic fracture process in two dimensions using a discrete element method (2007)

We introduce a discrete element simulation for the hydraulic fracture process in a petroleum well which takes into account the elastic behavior of the rock and the Mohr-Coulomb fracture criterium. The rock is modeled as an array of Voronoi polygons joined by elastic beams, which are submitted to tectonical stresses and the hydrostatic pressure of the fracturing fluid. The fluid pressure is treated like that of a hydraulic column. The simulation reproduces well the time and dimensions of real fracture processes. We also include an analysis of the fracturing fluid loss due to the permeability of the rock which is useful in an efficiency analysis of the treatment. The model is a first step for future applications in the petroleum industry.
Dansk, international Ledelse (2008)

Artiklen forsoger gennem en raekke eksempler at belyse nogle af de ledelsesvilkar, der bydes pa, nar danske virksomheder opererer internationalt, og hvordan virksomhederne forsoger at tilpasse sig vilkarene. Fra land til land er leve- og ledelsesvilkarenes forskellighed uendelig og under konstant forandring. Sporgsmalet stilles, om der er en saerligt dansk ledelsesstil, menneskesyn og vaerdisaet, som er retningsgivende for lederadfaerden i udlandet. Artiklen praetenderer ikke at vaere et udtommende, altfavnende essay om dette store emne. Den er et forsog pa et strejftog i tid og sted med nogle tanker og erfaringer – andres og egne – om dansk ledelse i en ”globaliseret verden”.
Multilayer High-Gradient Insulators (2007)

High voltage systems operated in vacuum require insulating materials to maintain spacing between conductors held at different potentials, and may be used to maintain a nonconductive vacuum boundary. Traditional vacuum insulators generally consist of a single material, but insulating structures composed of alternating layers of dielectric and metal can also be built. These "high-gradient insulators" have been experimentally shown to withstand higher voltage gradients than comparable conventional insulators. As a result, they have application to a wide range of high-voltage vacuum systems where compact size is important. This paper describes ongoing research on these structures, as well as the current theoretical understanding driving this work.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Synthesis of 2′‐Deoxy‐5‐azacytidine by Condensation of a 9‐Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl‐Protected Sugar onto the Silylated Base. (1987)

Abstract The deoxyazacytidine (VII) mentioned in the title is synthesized as outlined in the reaction scheme.
Antibacterial Actions of Seasonings and Spices on the Viability of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. I. Co-operation of Soy Sauce and Sawa-wasabi, Ginger or Garlic. (1994)

of its pH (4.5-4.7), Aw (below 0.9) and the content of sodium chloride (10-18%).
DEEP LEARNING FOR MONOCULAR DEPTH ESTIMATION FROM UAV IMAGES (2020)

Abstract. Depth is an essential component for various scene understanding tasks and for reconstructing the 3D geometry of the scene. Estimating depth from stereo images requires multiple views of the same scene to be captured which is often not possible when exploring new environments with a UAV. To overcome this monocular depth estimation has been a topic of interest with the recent advancements in computer vision and deep learning techniques. This research has been widely focused on indoor scenes or outdoor scenes captured at ground level. Single image depth estimation from aerial images has been limited due to additional complexities arising from increased camera distance, wider area coverage with lots of occlusions. A new aerial image dataset is prepared specifically for this purpose combining Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) images covering different regions, features and point of views. The single image depth estimation is based on image reconstruction techniques which uses stereo images for learning to estimate depth from single images. Among the various available models for ground-level single image depth estimation, two models, 1) a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and 2) a Generative Adversarial model (GAN) are used to learn depth from aerial images from UAVs. These models generate pixel-wise disparity images which could be converted into depth information. The generated disparity maps from these models are evaluated for its internal quality using various error metrics. The results show higher disparity ranges with smoother images generated by CNN model and sharper images with lesser disparity range generated by GAN model. The produced disparity images are converted to depth information and compared with point clouds obtained using Pix4D. It is found that the CNN model performs better than GAN and produces depth similar to that of Pix4D. This comparison helps in streamlining the efforts to produce depth from a single aerial image.
<i>N</i>-Tritylprolinal:  An Efficient Building Block for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Proline-Derived Amino Alcohols (2003)

N-Tritylprolinal (prepared in four steps from l-proline) shows a very high Felkin diastereoselectivity in its reaction with various nucleophiles, leading to a straightforward and highly stereoselective access to syn-proline-derived amino alcohols.
Development and Validation of a Smartphone-Based Visual Acuity Test (Peek Acuity) for Clinical Practice and Community-Based Fieldwork (2015)

The study demonstrated that the Peek Acuity smartphone test is capable of accurate and repeatable acuity measurements consistent with published data on the test-retest variability of acuities measured using 5-letter-per-line retroilluminated logMAR charts.
An analytical SMASH procedure (ASP) for sensitivity‐encoded MRI (2000)

The simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics (SMASH) method of imaging with detector arrays can reduce the number of phase-encoding steps, and MRI scan time several-fold. The original approach utilized numerical gradient-descent fitting with the coil sensitivity profiles to create a set of composite spatial harmonics to replace the phase-encoding steps. Here, an analytical approach for generating the harmonics is presented. A transform is derived to project the harmonics onto a set of sensitivity profiles. A sequence of Fourier, Hilbert, and inverse Fourier transform is then applied to analytically eliminate spatially dependent phase errors from the different coils while fully preserving the spatial-encoding. By combining the transform and phase correction, the original numerical image reconstruction method can be replaced by an analytical SMASH procedure (ASP). The approach also allows simulation of SMASH imaging, revealing a criterion for the ratio of the detector sensitivity profile width to the detector spacing that produces optimal harmonic generation. When detector geometry is suboptimal, a group of quasi-harmonics arises, which can be corrected and restored to pure harmonics. The simulation also reveals high-order harmonic modulation effects, and a demodulation procedure is presented that enables application of ASP to a large numbers of detectors. The method is demonstrated on a phantom and humans using a standard 4-channel phased-array MRI system. Magn Reson Med 43:716–725, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Power domain management interface: flexible protocol interface for transaction‐level power domain management (2013)

Defining a power management solution for a system‐on‐chip imposes the design of a low power architecture composed of multiple power domains and a power management strategy for power domain state control. If these two elements are energy‐efficient, an energy‐efficient power management solution can be obtained. Transaction‐level of modelling allows a rapid exploration of different power management solutions, hence a fast decision‐making of the most energy‐efficient one. The authors’ previous work proposed an abstraction of the unified power format (UPF) standard semantics to enable fast evaluation of different UPF‐like power architectures at transaction‐level (TL). However, a fast evaluation of different power domain management strategies requires a unique and flexible hardware interface to organise transfers of inter‐power‐domain transactions according to a well‐defined protocol. The proposal of a new hardware protocol interface for power domain state management, called power domain management interface (PDMgIF), and its TL simulation model represents the main contribution of this study. This proposal separates functional and power management communications. It represents a potential extension of existing low power standards (such as UPF) that already miss power domain management semantics.The PDMgIF concepts are demonstrated through an audio application TL platform illustrating a high flexibility and reduced overhead of the TL PDMgIF model.
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis in SCID Mice (1995)

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an uncommon disorder of unknown origin in which the alveoli are filled with lipoproteinaceous material, including surfactant. We have characterized a spontaneously occurring lesion in the lungs of CB.17 scid/scid mice which resembles PAP in humans. Lungs from 45 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were evaluated by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Lung lavage fluid was evaluated biochemically and for the presence of surfactant protein A (SP-A) and B (SP-B) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. Light microscopy showed varying amounts of a homogeneous to granular proteinaceous material in alveolar spaces. This material was eosinophilic by hematoxylin and eosin stain and was periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive. Ultrastructurally, the material was predominantly homogeneous with areas of a lamellated pattern that resembled surfactant. Biochemical analysis revealed 2.7- and 3.6-fold increases in the surfactant-associated phospholipids phosphatidylcholine and disaturated phosphatidylcholine respectively, when affected SCID mice were compared with control mice. Immunohistochemical staining of lung tissue and Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of lavage fluid showed marked increases in SP-A and SP-B in comparison with controls. These results suggest that SCID mice have a defect in surfactant homeostasis that resembles PAP in humans and may serve as an animal model in further elucidating the pathogenesis of this disease.
Bio-Raman spectroscopy: a potential clinical analytical method assisting in disease diagnosis (2011)

With the technical progress in lasers, charge coupled device detectors, and fiber-optic probes, Raman spectroscopy (RS) is enjoying a strong resurgence in the field of biomedical science, especially in disease diagnosis. During this time we have witnessed more and more in vitro and in vivo applications of RS, and increasingly frequent reports of its utility. RS enables the extraction of biochemical signatures from biological tissues, and in conjunction with different statistic algorithms, the spectral data with various pathologic attributions can be differentiated and classified depending on their spectral differences, e.g., peak area, peak height or peak shape. This makes RS a potential clinical analytical technique for rapid and non-destructive diagnosis of human diseases. This paper is a review of the biomedical applications of Raman spectroscopic techniques in diagnostics. First, a brief illumination of RS instrumentation and algorithms for data analysis is introduced. Then wide utilization of RS in disease diagnosis is reviewed categorized by different tissues and organs, including brain, eye, body surface organs (breast, skin), abdominal organs (stomach, esophagus, colon, liver), thoracic organs (arteries, lung), reproductive and urinary organs (prostate, cervix, bladder) and hard tissue (bone, teeth). Some other work from our group are also introduced.
Highly Solvent Dependent Luminescence from [Ru(bpy)<sub><i>n</i></sub>(dppp2)<sub>3−<i>n</i></sub>]<sup>2+</sup> (<i>n</i> = 0−2) (2010)

The photophysical properties of a series of ruthenium(II) complexes possessing the dppp2 (dppp2 = pyrido[2',3':5,6]pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline) ligand, [Ru(bpy)(n)(dppp2)(3-n)](2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; n = 0-3), were investigated. The dppp2-containing complexes possess a remarkable solvent dependence of the luminescence maximum, lifetime, and quantum yield. For example, the emission maximum of [Ru(bpy)(2)(dppp2)](2+) blue shifts from 752 nm in CH(3)CN to 653 nm in CH(2)Cl(2), concomitant with a 19-fold enhancement in the luminescence quantum yield. Electronic structure calculations, transient absorption spectroscopy, and electrochemistry were also used to gain insight into the photophysical properties of the dppp2 complexes. The pronounced solvent effect of the emission of these complexes is attributed to the changes in the relative stabilities of two low-lying metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states on the environment, where the lowest energy MLCT state is more sensitive to the polarity of the solvent than that which lies at slightly higher energy. Transient absorption spectroscopy shows that the identity of the lowest energy MLCT state does not change as a function of solvent, however, its emission maximum and lifetime are greatly affected by the polarity of the surrounding medium. In contrast to [Ru(bpy)(2)(dppz)](2+) (dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenzine), the lowest energy excited state in the dppp2-containing complexes is assigned as arising from a triplet MLCT state where the charge is localized on the portion of the dppp2 ligand distal to the metal, (3)MLCT(dis).
Trellis Coded Line Packing: Large Dimensional Beamforming Vector Quantization and Feedback Transmission (2011)

In this paper we study the beamforming vector quantization and feedback transmission problem for a cooperative transmission environment. Feedback is the primary means of providing the transmitter with channel state information (CSI) in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system. The conventional codebook approach uses a common codebook at the transmitter and at the receiver, while the feedback takes the form of the index of the codebook. This approach has a complexity that scales exponentially with the number of transmit antennas M, making the approach less favorable when M is large. We propose to use trellis-based quantization to reduce the complexity to grow linearly in M. A codebook design criteria is derived for the trellis-based quantizer. We also present three enhancements to the base scheme, each giving 0.2-0.8 dB gain. These enhancements address issues relevant to feedback error, trellis termination, and unequal path-loss from different transmission points. Performance results are shown in numerical simulations.
Safe and effective method for chronic 17beta-estradiol administration to mice. (2003)

Supraphysiological 17beta-estradiol treatment administered via subcutaneous pellets is commonly used in mice. However, despite its efficacy in eliciting a uterotrophic response, we demonstrate that this regimen also was associated with urine retention, hydronephrosis, and ultimately premature death. To determine a safer yet still effective method to chronically treat mice with 17beta-estradiol, we initiated a placebo-controlled study to treat ovariectomized C57BL/6J mice for 6 weeks with various doses of 17beta-estradiol administered either in their drinking water (0.3 to 1000 nM) or via pellets (0.72 mg or 1.7 mg). Uterine weights demonstrated a dose-dependent effect of 17beta-estradiol administered either orally or via pellets; however, the pellet treatments resulted in urine retention. Treatment with either 200 or 1000 nM 17beta-estradiol in the drinking water yielded physiological and supraphysiological uterotrophic responses, respectively, without urine retention, providing safe, effective, and economical ways to treat mice chronically with 17beta-estradiol.
Acute inhibition of rat myometrial responses to oxytocin by tamoxifen stereoisomers and oestradiol (1984)

The non-steroidal antioestrogen tamoxifen (trans-1-(4-beta-dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenylbut- 1-ene), widely used in the treatment of breast cancer, and its oestrogenic cis-isomer rapidly inhibited contractile responses of isolated rat myometrium to supramaximal concentrations of oxytocin (1.28 X 10(-6) mol/l). Both compounds were effective at concentrations comparable with the plasma concentrations of tamoxifen reached in therapy (i.e. 5 X 10(-7) to 5 X 10(-6) mol/l). Inhibition was too rapid in onset (less than 3 min) to involve changes in RNA transcription and protein synthesis, and was not prevented or reversed by the addition of oestradiol to the bath. We conclude that the inhibition did not involve the classical oestrogen receptor pathway. Oestradiol-17 beta at concentrations above 10(-6) mol/l also inhibited the myometrium and potentiated the effects of the anti-oestrogens. Our experiments suggest that the anti-oestrogens and oestradiol act via a similar route with tamoxifen having an equilibrium affinity approximately tenfold greater than that of oestradiol.
Enzyme immunoassay for urinary albumin. (1983)

We describe an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for urinary albumin, performed on microtiter plates with use of commercially available antisera and peroxidase conjugate. The assay range is 3-1000 micrograms/L, the sensitivity 625 pg. The method is suitable for measurement of albumin excretion in either normal or pathological urine. For 20 normal children, the range of urinary albumin excretion was 1.7-22.9 mg/24 h.
Attachment of autogenous tendon graft to cortical bone is better than to cancellous bone (2003)

We analyzed the mechanical and histological variables after the attachment of an autogenous tendon graft to cortical or cancellous bone. We reconstructed the medial collateral ligament of the knee in 33 Japanese white rabbits, using a bone socket procedure. The floor of the bone socket was cortical bone in group A and cancellous bone in group B. Mechanically, the pull-out test showed a tendency towards an increase in maximum failure load, with 10.9 N, 35 N and 37 N in group A, and 11 N, 18 N and 36 N in group B at 2, 4 (statistically significant difference) and 8 weeks after surgery, respectively. Histologically, the attachments were immature at 2 weeks. At 4 weeks, granulations had matured and Sharpey's fiber-like structures were seen. These fibers were more abundant in group A than in group B. At 8 weeks, the attachments in both groups were rather like the normal 4-zone structure. With time, tendon attachments matured in both groups. Our study showed that reattachment of tendons to cortical bone may be bettter than to cancellous bone.