gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synergy in a medicinal plant: Antimicrobial action of berberine potentiated by 5′-methoxyhydnocarpin, a multidrug pump inhibitor (2000)

Multidrug resistance pumps (MDRs) protect microbial cells from both synthetic and natural antimicrobials. Amphipathic cations are preferred substrates of MDRs. Berberine alkaloids, which are cationic antimicrobials produced by a variety of plants, are readily extruded by MDRs. Several Berberis medicinal plants producing berberine were found also to synthesize an inhibitor of the NorA MDR pump of a human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibitor was identified as 5'-methoxyhydnocarpin (5'-MHC), previously reported as a minor component of chaulmoogra oil, a traditional therapy for leprosy. 5'-MHC is an amphipathic weak acid and is distinctly different from the cationic substrates of NorA. 5'-MHC had no antimicrobial activity alone but strongly potentiated the action of berberine and other NorA substrates against S. aureus. MDR-dependent efflux of ethidium bromide and berberine from S. aureus cells was completely inhibited by 5'-MHC. The level of accumulation of berberine in the cells was increased strongly in the presence of 5'-MHC, indicating that this plant compound effectively disabled the bacterial resistance mechanism against the berberine antimicrobial.
Near Complete Rescue of Experimental Parkinson’s Disease with Intravenous, Non-viral GDNF Gene Therapy (2008)

Near complete abrogation of the neurotoxin effects are achieved with multiple intravenous dosing of GDNF plasmid DNA gene therapy, using receptor-targeted THLs, and a region-specific promoter.
Techniques for measuring the integrity of passivation overcoats on integrated circuits (1977)

The National Bureau of Standards^was established by an act of Congress March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is
Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest (2009)

In accordance with recent mechanistic advances, we recommend an applied, broad-based two-phase approach to limit inactivity-mediated losses of muscle mass and function in older adults: (i) Lifestyle: consume a moderate amount (25-30 g) of high-quality protein with each meal and incorporate habitual exercise in close temporal proximity to protein-containing meals; (ii) Crises: react aggressively to combat the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function during acute catabolic crises and periods of reduced physical activity. As a base strategy, this should include nutritional support such as targeted protein or amino acid supplementation and integrated physical therapy.
Rapid Turnover of Long Noncoding RNAs and the Evolution of Gene Expression (2012)

A large proportion of functional sequence within mammalian genomes falls outside protein-coding exons and can be transcribed into long RNAs. However, the roles in mammalian biology of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are not well understood. Few lncRNAs have experimentally determined roles, with some of these being lineage-specific. Determining the extent by which transcription of lncRNA loci is retained or lost across multiple evolutionary lineages is essential if we are to understand their contribution to mammalian biology and to lineage-specific traits. Here, we experimentally investigated the conservation of lncRNA expression among closely related rodent species, allowing the evolution of DNA sequence to be uncoupled from evolution of transcript expression. We generated total RNA (RNAseq) and H3K4me3-bound (ChIPseq) DNA data, and combined both to construct catalogues of transcripts expressed in the adult liver of Mus musculus domesticus (C57BL/6J), Mus musculus castaneus, and Rattus norvegicus. We estimated the rate of transcriptional turnover of lncRNAs and investigated the effects of their lineage-specific birth or death. LncRNA transcription showed considerably greater gain and loss during rodent evolution, compared with protein-coding genes. Nucleotide substitution rates were found to mirror the in vivo transcriptional conservation of intergenic lncRNAs between rodents: only the sequences of noncoding loci with conserved transcription were constrained. Finally, we found that lineage-specific intergenic lncRNAs appear to be associated with modestly elevated expression of genomically neighbouring protein-coding genes. Our findings show that nearly half of intergenic lncRNA loci have been gained or lost since the last common ancestor of mouse and rat, and they predict that such rapid transcriptional turnover contributes to the evolution of tissue- and lineage-specific gene expression.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication in Human Lung Epithelial Cells: Inhibition by Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interferon Beta (1995)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major pathogen causing severe lung disease in children. RSV initially replicates efficiently in the respiratory tract but becomes undetectable by 7 to 21 d after infection in normal children, suggesting that intrinsic cellular mechanisms, as yet undefined, may restrict virus replication. To provide an in vitro model to examine mechanisms that restrict RSV replication, three human lung epithelial cell lines were exposed to RSV in vitro and virus replication proceeded in a dose- and time-dependent manner, although less efficiently than the highly permissive CV-1 cell line (monkey kidney epithelial cell). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and/or interferon beta (IFN beta) markedly inhibited RSV replication in a dose- and time-dependent manner. TNF alpha combined with IFN beta essentially aborted RSV replication in A549 epithelial cells. TNF alpha and/or IFN beta did not induce cell membrane damage, cause cell lysis, or inhibit cellular protein synthesis. RSV-infected human alveolar macrophages, which produce TNF alpha, failed to productively infect lung epithelial cells in co-culture. Together these studies suggest that endogenous TNF alpha coupled with exogenous IFN beta could restrict RSV replication in lung epithelium.
Constraint and declarative languages for engineering applications: The TK!Solver contribution (1985)

The rapid proliferation of personal computers has brought a new class of users, the so-called non-computer professionals, into the world of computing. These users are typically well versed in their respective professions, such as engineering, science, financial analysis, teaching, and research, but may lack the programming skills necessary to take full advantage of the power of computers. They would like to communicate with the computer in their "natural" language, viz., relationships, equations, and formulas. The category of declarative or constraint or very high level languages has been conceived in response to those needs. TK!Solver developed by Software Arts, is the first commercially available and widely acclaimed constraint language designed to provide the engineer with the desired power, flexibility, versatility, and ease of use. TK!Solver also serves as a framework for developing and using personalized expert systems in various scientific and engineering disciplines. After a simple demonstration session illustrating the creation of models and the power of the basic problem-solving mechanisms of TK!Solver, the development history of TK!Solver is traced back to its conceptual precursor, QAS. The various stages in the evolution of the TK concept are recounted and new developments are discussed. The principles of TK model design are outlined and illustrated by specific application examples. It is concluded that the main contribution of TK!Solver is the experience of thousands of professionals developing a taste for constraints, and learning to create, manipulate, and use mathematical models in a direct dialogue with the computer.
Special report animal species in which <i>n</i>‐nitroso compounds induce cancer (1981)

In reviews on the carcinogenicity of N-nitroso compounds (NC) the number of animal species in which these compounds induce cancer is understated. In recent years additional species have been used in experiments. Tumours have been induced by NC in 39 species which belong to 36 genera, 25 families, 17 orders and five class of animals. The names of these taxa are presented in Latin and the common names of species are given in English, French and German. The carcinogenic action of eight NC in various species is tabulated.
<title>Mechanical properties of aluminum fluoride glass fibers</title> (1992)

The effect of high temperature aqueous solutions of various pH values on the mechanical properties of polymer coated optical fibers of an aluminum fluoride-based composition are examined. It was found that such fibers retain much more strength when aged in these aqueous environments than fibers of the more common zirconium fluoride-based composition. The aging is not affected by pH unless the fiber is under stress, in which case a low pH solution decreases the time to failure of the fiber. In static fatigue, the time to failure of the aluminum fluoride-based fibers is 20 times greater than that of the zirconium fluoride-based fibers.
The antihypertensive and diuretic effects of amiloride and of its combination with hydrochlorothiazide (1968)

The hypotensive effect as well as changes in serum electrolytes and uric acid of amiloride (AM) and of its combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HC) were studied. In five hypertensive patients over a five‐day period, AM and HC administered together produced more natriuresis than either alone. Potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate concentrations in the serum showed a smaller alteration from normal with the combination than with HC alone. Twelve additional outpatients with moderate hypertension were followed for twelve weeks with the use of randomized Latin squares in double‐blind fashion. A blood pressure‐lowering effect of AM by itself or when added to HC was not seen. AM had no discernible effect on serum glucose, uric acid, or chloride concentrations.
Fast imaging in flow: a means of combining flow-cytometry and image analysis. (1979)

The morphological identification of cells by flow cytometry is difficult. Usually cell sorting and microscopical analysis have to be used in addition. Morphological analysis is simplified by taking cell pictures from a range of particular interest immediately during flow cytometric analysis. Instruments using the video scanning technique for fluorescence imaging are slow and expensive (8, 10). Morphological information can also be obtained by transmission imaging of cells in flow, which requires shorter exposure times. Therefore a cell volume activated flow imaging device has been developed which operates at flow speeds up to 5 m/sec and which depicts transmission images of selected cells on a 16-mm film by a nsec flashlamp illumination. An electronic unit detects the particles in the optically accessible orifice, performs the pulse height analysis, triggers the flashlamp if particles are in the preselcted range of interest and feeds the film. The instrument is capable of delivering up to 150 pictures per second and works either as a flow microscope in which the cells in the preselected volume range are directly observed, or as a picture system in which the cell pictures are stored on the 16-mm film for documentation or for image analysis.
The Effect of Different Dielectric Materials in Designing High-Performance Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) Capacitors (2017)

<p>A Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) capacitor with high capacitance, high breakdown voltage, and low leakage current is aspired so that the device can be applied in many electronic applications. The most significant factors that affect the MIM capacitor’s performance is the design and the dielectric materials used. In this study, MIM capacitors are simulated using different dielectric materials and different number of dielectric layers from two layers up to seven layers. The effect of the different dielectric constants (<em>k</em>) to the performance of the MIM capacitors is also studied, whereas this work investigates the effect of using low-<em>k</em> and high-<em>k</em> dielectric materials. The dielectric materials used in this study with high-<em>k</em> are Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and HfO<sub>2</sub>, while the low-<em>k</em> dielectric materials are SiO<sub>2</sub> and Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>. The results demonstrate that the dielectric materials with high-<em>k</em> produce the highest capacitance. Results also show that metal-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> interfaces increase the performance of the MIM capacitors. By increasing the number of dielectric layers to seven stacks, the capacitance and breakdown voltage reach its highest value at 0.39 nF and 240 V, respectively.</p>
Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonances at the Strong Coupling Regime (2013)

We show strong coupling involving three different types of resonances in plasmonic nanoarrays: surface lattice resonances (SLRs), localized surface plasmon resonances on single nanoparticles, and excitations of organic dye molecules. The measured transmission spectra show splittings that depend on the molecule concentration. The results are analyzed using finite-difference time-domain simulations, a coupled-dipole approximation, coupled-modes models, and Fano theory. The delocalized nature of the collective SLR modes suggests that in the strong coupling regime molecules near distant nanoparticles are coherently coupled.
Cryptographic Key Generation from Biometric Data Using Lattice Mapping (2006)

Crypto-biometric systems are recently emerging as an effective process of key management to address the security weakness of conventional key release systems using pass-codes, tokens or pattern recognition based biometrics. This paper presents a lattice mapping based fuzzy commitment method for cryptographic key generation from biometric data. The proposed method not only outputs high entropy keys, but also conceals the original biometric data such that it is impossible to recover the biometric data even when the stored information in the system is open to an attacker. Simulated results have demonstrated that its authentication accuracy is comparable to the well-known k-nearest neighbour classification
<i>Trans</i>-Resveratrol Alters Mammary Promoter Hypermethylation in Women at Increased Risk for Breast Cancer (2012)

Trans-resveratrol, present in high concentration in the skin of red grapes and red wine, has a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect in vitro, prevents the formation of mammary tumors, and has been touted as a chemopreventive agent. Based upon in vitro studies demonstrating that trans-resveratrol downregulates the expression of 1) DNA methyltransferases and 2) the cancer promoting prostaglandin (PG)E(2), we determined if trans-resveratrol had a dose-related effect on DNA methylation and prostaglandin expression in humans. Thirty-nine adult women at increased breast cancer risk were randomized in double-blind fashion to placebo, 5 or 50 mg trans-resveratrol twice daily for 12 wk. Methylation assessment of 4 cancer-related genes (p16, RASSF-1α, APC, CCND2) was performed on mammary ductoscopy specimens. The predominant resveratrol species in serum was the glucuronide metabolite. Total trans-resveratrol and glucuronide metabolite serum levels increased after consuming both trans-resveratrol doses (P < .001 for both). RASSF-1α methylation decreased with increasing levels of serum trans-resveratrol (P = .047). The change in RASSF-1α methylation was directly related to the change in PGE(2) (P = .045). This work provides novel insights into the effects of trans-resveratrol on the breast of women at increased breast cancer risk, including a decrease in methylation of the tumor suppressor gene RASSF-1α. Because of the limited sample size, our findings should be validated in a larger study.
Flame temperature measurements by radar resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of molecular oxygen (2012)

Here we report nonintrusive local rotational temperature measurements of molecular oxygen, based on coherent microwave scattering (radar) from resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) in room air and hydrogen/air flames. Analyses of the rotational line strengths of the two-photon molecular oxygen C(3)Π(v=2)←X(3)Σ(v'=0) transition have been used to determine the hyperfine rotational state distribution of the ground X(3)Σ(v'=0) state. Rotationally resolved 2+1 REMPI spectra of the molecular oxygen C(3)Π(v=2)←X(3)Σ(v'=0) transition at different temperatures were obtained experimentally by radar REMPI. Rotational temperatures have been determined from the resulting Boltzmann plots. The measurements in general had an accuracy of ~±60 K in the hydrogen/air flames at various equivalence ratios. Discussions about the decreased accuracy for the temperature measurement at elevated temperatures have been presented.
Development of HME Laminating Resin (1975)

Abstract : The HME resin formulation and synthesis procedure were optimized to yield a stable resin. Composite and honeycomb sandwich panels were vacuum bag molded and provided low resin flow during cure. The resultant composite and sandwich panels demonstrated excellent moisture resistance and suitability for service at 275 F. Also the cocured sandwich panels provided equivalent flatwise tensile strength values to secondary bonded panels.
Multidimensional lightcuts (2006)

Multidimensional lightcuts is a new scalable method for efficiently rendering rich visual effects such as motion blur, participating media, depth of field, and spatial anti-aliasing in complex scenes. It introduces a flexible, general rendering framework that unifies the handling of such effects by discretizing the integrals into large sets of gather and light points and adaptively approximating the sum of all possible gather-light pair interactions.We create an implicit hierarchy, the product graph, over the gather-light pairs to rapidly and accurately approximate the contribution from hundreds of millions of pairs per pixel while only evaluating a tiny fraction (e.g., 200--1,000). We build upon the techniques of the prior Lightcuts method for complex illumination at a point, however, by considering the complete pixel integrals, we achieve much greater efficiency and scalability.Our example results demonstrate efficient handling of volume scattering, camera focus, and motion of lights, cameras, and geometry. For example, enabling high quality motion blur with 256x temporal sampling requires only a 6.7x increase in shading cost in a scene with complex moving geometry, materials, and illumination.
One pot general method for the derivatisation of polymer support for oligonucleotide synthesis (1992)

Journal Article One pot general method for the derivatisation of polymer support for oligonucleotide synthesis Get access P. Sharma, P. Sharma Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ashwani K. Sharma, Ashwani K. Sharma Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar V.P. Malhotra, V.P. Malhotra 1Chemistry Department, D.J. CollegeBaraut (UP), India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K.C. Gupta K.C. Gupta * Amino groups loadings as determined by using DMTrCL/silver nitrate method (9) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 20, Issue 15, 11 August 1992, Page 4100, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/20.15.4100 Published: 11 August 1992 Article history Received: 22 June 1992 Published: 11 August 1992
Highly efficient and stable sky blue organic light-emitting devices (2006)

A highly efficient and stable sky blue organic light-emitting device doped with a sky blue dopant BUBD-1 has been fabricated, achieving an electroluminescence efficiency of 13.2cd∕A and 6.1lm∕W at 20mA∕cm2 and 6.7V, with Commission Internationale del’Eclairage coordinates of (0.16, 0.30) and a half-decay lifetime of 1815h at an initial brightness of 2640cd∕m2. This performance is one of the best blue devices ever reported without using hole blocking layer or any p or n dopant in hole or electron transport layer.
High performance networks : technology and protocols (1994)

In the last few years, the world of information networks has undergone significant changes that will revolutionize the future of communications. Data rates have reached the gigabit per second range. Optical fibers have become the transmission medium of choice. Standardization activities have very aggressively produced a set of well established standard for future LANs, MANs and WANs. It has become very difficult for computer and communications professionals to follow these rapidly evolving technologies and standards. High Performance Networks: Technology and Protocols provides a timely technical overview of the start-of-the-art in high performance networking. Chapters cover lightweight protocols, high performance protocol implementation techniques, high speed MAC protocols, optical networks, as well as emerging standards, including ATM, SMDS, B-ISDN, SONET, FCS and HIPPI. Professionals, engineers, and researchers in communications and computers, who need to understand the underlying technologies of high performance (gigabit) networks, will find this volume to be an invaluable reference. The book is also suitable for use as a text for advanced courses on the subject
Antioxidants and Total Peroxyl Radical-Trapping Ability of Olive and Seed Oils (2001)

The presence of the oxidized and reduced forms of ubiquinones Q(9) and Q(10) was determined in commercial extra virgin olive and seed oils, where the amounts of alpha- and gamma-tocopherols and beta-carotene were also quantitated. Very high concentrations of ubiquinones were found in soybean and corn oils. Furthermore, the total antioxidant capability of each oil was evaluated by measuring total radical-trapping antioxidant parameters (TRAP) in tert-butyl alcohol and using egg lecithin as the oxidizable substrate. These values decreased in the order sunflower > corn > peanut > olive; the highest TRAP, which was found in sunflower oil, was related to the very high amount of alpha-tocopherol. Olive oil, because of the low content of alpha-tocopherol, exhibited a TRAP value approximately one-third that of sunflower oil. TRAP values of corn and soybean oils, in which low amounts of alpha-tocopherol but very high contents of gamma-tocopherol and reduced ubiquinones were present, were intermediate. gamma-Tocopherol exhibited a poor ability of trapping peroxyl radicals in tert-butyl alcohol. This behavior was probably due to the effects of the solvent on the rate of hydrogen abstraction from this phenol.
Uniform Sub‐Micron Polymer Spheres Coated with Ag Nanoparticles (2006)

Abstract Summary: The synthesis of well‐defined uniform and spherical sub‐micron polymeric spheres, specifically poly[styrene‐ co ‐(glycidyl methacrylate)] (PSGMA) with a uniform size distribution and surface chemical functionality, is described. It is shown that the surface can be modified with a multi‐amine functional polymer, polyethyleneimine (PEI), most likely through covalent bonding in addition to electrostatic attraction. The PEI acts both as a stabilizing agent and a complexation agent for the deposition of noble metal Ag nanoparticles. Reaction of PSGMA samples with excess PEI, and its TEM image. magnified image Reaction of PSGMA samples with excess PEI, and its TEM image.