gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Next-generation coherent radar depth sounder for measurement of Greenland ice sheet thickness (2002)

Rising sea levels over the last century led to the initiation of a program by NASA to measure the surface elevation and thickness of the Greenland ice sheet. The University of Kansas with its radar depth sounder participates in the Greenland ice sheet measurements. The airborne depth sounder measures surface elevation and the thickness of the ice sheet. Over the past several years, the authors have made improvements to the depth sounder. During the 1996 field experiment the depth sounder performed to its theoretical limit. The authors collected a large volume of data and supplied the processed data to scientists worldwide. Having achieved the theoretical performance of the depth sounder, they wished to improve their measurements further and also to minimize the physical dimensions of the depth sounder system. They designed and built a Next-Generation Coherent Radar Depth Sounder (NG-CORDS) using today's technology to obtain a compact design as well as improved performance. They implemented the design using radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) and microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs). The complete RF module is easily contained within a 8"/spl times/10.17"/spl times/4" enclosure. Tests of the laboratory performance of NO-CORDS show the improved performance over the previous depth sounder. At the time of writing, the NG-CORDS will fly on a NASA P-3 over the Greenland ice sheet in May 1997. From the May 1997 field experiments, the authors expect to see the improved performance of the NG-CORDS. One mark of improved performance will be the imaging of the ice sheet internal layers through the entire ice sheet. In this paper, they present the NG-CORDS system and experimental results.
Correction: Clinical and Laboratory Toxicity after Intra-Arterial Radioembolization with<sup>90</sup>Y-Microspheres for Unresectable Liver Metastases (2013)

Objective: To investigate clinical and laboratory toxicity in patients with unresectable liver metastases, treated with yttrium-90 radioembolization ( 90 Y-RE).
Microbial Contamination of In-Use Ocular Medications (1992)

Two hundred twenty in-use medications from 101 patients with nonmicrobial ocular surface disease were studied by culturing the bottle caps, a drop produced by simple inversion, and the interior contents removed sterilely. Conjunctival cultures were taken from these patients and 50 age-matched controls. Pathogenic organisms were harvested from conjunctivae significantly more frequently (P less than .01) from cases (34 of 101) than from controls (five of 50). Sixty-four medications (29%) had microorganisms cultured from at least one medication site. Gram-negative organisms were significantly more likely (P less than .00001) to be isolated from all medication sites than gram-positive organisms. Additionally, when isolated from medication sites, the gram-negative organisms were highly likely to be cultured from the conjunctiva as well. This was not true for pathogenic gram-positive organisms. We conclude that a cycle of contamination between in-use medications and conjunctivae may represent an important risk factor for microbial keratitis in patients with ocular surface disease.
Lymphotropic <i>Herpesvirus saimiri</i> Uses the SMN Complex To Assemble Sm Cores on Its Small RNAs (2005)

The lymphotropic Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) causes acute leukemia, T-cell lymphoma, and death in New World monkeys. HVS encodes seven small RNAs (HSURs) of unknown function. The HSURs acquire host Sm proteins and assemble Sm cores similar to those found on the spliceosomal small nuclear RNPs (snRNPs). Here we show that, like host snRNPs, HSURs use the SMN (survival of motor neurons) complex to assemble Sm cores. The HSURs bind the SMN complex directly and with very high affinity, similar to or higher than that of host snRNAs, and can outcompete host snRNAs for SMN-dependent assembly into RNPs. These observations highlight the general utility of the SMN complex for RNP assembly and suggest that infectious agents that engage the SMN complex may burden SMN-dependent pathways, possibly leading to a deleterious reduction in available SMN complex for essential host functions.
Novel Peptides Bearing Pyrene and Coumarin Units with or without β-Cyclodextrin in Their Side Chains Exhibit Intramolecular Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (2003)

Novel peptides bearing the pyrene/coumarin FRET pair in their side chains have been designed and synthesized. Peptide 1 having endogenous beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) in the side chain exhibits FRET in aqueous solution, indicating that coumarin, being accommodated into the CD cavity, is separated from pyrene. Guest-induced quenching of the fluorophores in 1 indicates that coumarin, being excluded from the CD cavity, comes into close contact with pyrene. Peptide 2 shows FRET only after addition of external beta-CD that again reflects the idea that beta-CD surely caps the coumarin unit in its hydrophobic cavity, and, therefore, quenching of the fluorophores can be prevented in FRET peptide probes. With this strategy, various peptide-based FRET probes can be developed that would be useful for studying biological phenomena in living cells.
Pharmacological profiles of the human and rabbit B1 receptors. (1997)

Twenty-two peptides related to kinins were used (i) to examine some chemical features required for the human and rabbit B1 receptor activation or blockade and (ii) to establish the existence of a correlation between the pharmacological spectrum of the B1 receptor obtained on the rabbit aorta (rbA) and the human umbilical vein (hUV). The apparent affinities of these peptides were measured in vitro using classical bioassays and are expressed in terms of pD2 (for agonists) or pA2 values (for antagonists). Selectivity for the B1 receptor was demonstrated by testing the peptides against the effect of bradykinin (BK) on the hUV and the rabbit jugular vein (rbJV), two preparations containing B2 receptor-mediating vasoconstriction. The results show that (i) lysyl-peptide agonists and antagonists demonstrate higher affinities than nonlysyl compounds on human and rabbit B1 receptors, (ii) peptides containing hydrophobic D-residues (e.g., Tic, beta Nal, Hyp(trans-propyl), Igl) in position 7 are suitable for B1 receptor antagonism, and (iii) the additive substitution of an Oic residue in position 8 leads to nonselective kinin receptor antagonists. Moreover, a high (r = 0.92) and positive (regression slope = 0.99 +/- 0.09) correlation between the affinities measured for the kinin analogues in two B1 receptor bioassay systems has been revealed. Based on the similarity of pharmacological profiles observed in the rabbit and human B1 receptors, we suggest that the B1 receptor domain in which peptide agonists and antagonists interact may be similar in these two species.
Complete DNA Sequence and Analysis of the Large Virulence Plasmid of <i>Shigella flexneri</i> (2001)

The complete sequence analysis of the 210-kb Shigella flexneri 5a virulence plasmid was determined. Shigella spp. cause dysentery and diarrhea by invasion and spread through the colonic mucosa. Most of the known Shigella virulence determinants are encoded on a large plasmid that is unique to virulent strains of Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli; these known genes account for approximately 30 to 35% of the virulence plasmid. In the complete sequence of the virulence plasmid, 286 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. An astonishing 153 (53%) of these were related to known and putative insertion sequence (IS) elements; no known bacterial plasmid has previously been described with such a high proportion of IS elements. Four new IS elements were identified. Fifty putative proteins show no significant homology to proteins of known function; of these, 18 have a G+C content of less than 40%, typical of known virulence genes on the plasmid. These 18 constitute potentially unknown virulence genes. Two alleles of shet2 and five alleles of ipaH were also identified on the plasmid. Thus, the plasmid sequence suggests a remarkable history of IS-mediated acquisition of DNA across bacterial species. The complete sequence will permit targeted characterization of potential new Shigella virulence determinants.
Third-octave analysis of multichannel amplitude compressed speech (2005)

Multiband amplitude compression has been studied as a compensation for the reduced auditory dynamic range often associated with sensorineural hearing loss, since it is capable of altering the dynamic range of speech as a function of frequency. Compression systems are generally characterized by their response to steady state tones and to simple dynamic stimuli, such as tone bursts. Level distributions of unprocessed and compressed materials are presented to demonstrate that these descriptions are inadequate to predict the processing of speech. A simple analysis of multiband compression which incorporates the interactions of static and dynamic properties is presented.
A simple, rapid, highly sensitive and reproducible quantification method for plasma malondialdehyde by high‐performance liquid chromatography (1998)

A simple, rapid, highly sensitive and reproducible quantification method for plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The present method is based on the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction and reversed-phase HPLC separation with fluorescence detection. For sample preparation, an aliquot of 5 μL plasma was mixed with 0.2% (w/v) TBA in 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 3.5. After heating at 95°C for 60 min, the reaction solution was centrifuged and an aliquot of 10 μL supernatant was injected into the HPLC system without neutralization or extraction procedures. The TBA–MDA adduct was separated on a reversed-phase column and quantified by a fluorescence detection (λ ex = 515 nm; λ em = 553 nm). The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile:water (7:3, v/v) under isocratic conditions at ambient temperature. These procedures gave good results with regard to sensitivity (detection limit S/N = 3, 0.5 fmol per injection), linearity (0.5–500 fmol per injection), precision (between-assay C.V = 3.1%, within-assay C.V = 1.2%) and recovery (98.6%). The simple sample procedure, the highly sensitive detection limit and the stability of the TBA–MDA adduct make the present method applicable to numerous clinical samples. As many as 250–300 samples per day can be assayed using an autosampler. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conveniently synthesized isophorone dyes for high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells: tuning photovoltaic performance by structural modification of donor group in donor–π–acceptor system (2009)

A novel isophorone sensitizer D-3 based on a donor-pi-acceptor system has been conveniently synthesized for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells, resulting in a remarkable overall conversion efficiency of 7.41% (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm(-2)) with Jsc of 18.63 mA cm(-2), Voc of 634 mV and FF of 0.63.
Lambert Absorption Coefficients of Water in the Infrared* (1971)

By use of a wedge-shaped cell providing an absorbing layer tapering in thickness from less than one wavelength of visible light at one end to approximately 20 μm at the other end, we have measured the Lambert absorption coefficient for water in the spectral region between 4000 and 288 cm−1. After proper initial alignment of the cell windows had been established by the observation of interference fringes in the visible, we measured film thicknesses at various positions along the wedge by interferometric methods, employing convenient wavelengths in the infrared. We present the results of the study in graphical and tabular form.
A molybdenum-molybdenum quadruple bond bridged by four carboxyl groups but entirely isolated from axial coordination (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA molybdenum-molybdenum quadruple bond bridged by four carboxyl groups but entirely isolated from axial coordinationF. Albert Cotton and J. Lon ThompsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 11, 3887–3890Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50225a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50225a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Asymmetrically Arranged Dendrimers with a Carbazole Dendron and a Phenylazomethine Dendron (2004)

Asymmetrically arranged dendrimers with a carbazole dendron and a phenylazomethine dendron were synthesized by the combination of Ullmann reaction and a dehydration reaction in the presence of titanium tetrachloride. Stepwise complexation in the phenylazomethine dendron unit within these dendrimers and SnCl2 suggests a gradient in the electron density associated with the imine groups. The complexation of the dendrimer changes the HOMO/LUMO energy gap of the dendrimer. We show the dendrimers with higher generations have the larger HOMO values. The most electron-rich molecule, Cz3-DPA3, has the highest HOMO value of 5.35 eV and, accordingly, is expected to have the lowest barrier for the hole injection from the ITO electrode (4.6 eV) in OLEDs. However, for the HOMO energy levels of the carbazole dendrimer complex with SnCl2, the energy levels of the carbazoles did not change based on almost the same redox potentials as those of the dendrimers themselves. Using Cz3-DPA3 as a hole-transport layer (HTL), only complexation with metal ions results in the enhanced maximum luminescence from 4041 to 10 640 cd/m2 by only complexing with SnCl2 under the nonoptimized conditions. A complexation leads to a high EL efficiency because of the p-type-doped structure of the dendrimers as a hole-transport layer.
Synthesis of graphene from natural and industrial carbonaceous wastes (2014)

Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets have usually been synthesized through Hummers' method by using highly pure graphite (HPG) as the main starting material. However, HPG can be relatively expensive for mass production of high-quality graphene. In this work, a general method for synthesis of high-quality GO and rGO sheets from various natural and industrial carbonaceous wastes such as vegetation wastes (wood, leaf, bagasse, and fruit wastes), animal wastes (bone and cow dung), a semi-industrial waste (newspaper), and an industrial waste (soot powders produced in exhaust of diesel vehicles) was developed. Based on atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and current–voltage characteristics of the synthesized sheets, the single- and multi-layer properties, chemical state, carbonaceous structure, and electrical properties of the graphene sheets synthesized from various waste materials (with ≤4-monolayer thicknesses and electrical sheet resistance of ∼105 MΩ sq−1 for GO and ∼1 MΩ sq−1 for rGO sheets) were found to be nearly independent of the starting materials used; moreover, they were comparable to those of the high-quality graphene sheets achieved using HPG. These results provide a possible route for inexpensive mass production of high-quality graphene sheets from natural and industrial carbonaceous wastes.
Molecular beams of macroions. III. Zein and polyvinylpyrrolidone (1971)

Abstract A 95% ethanol solution of the prolamin zein and of the synthetic polymer polyvinyl‐pyrrolidone (PVP) can be successfully electrosprayed and a molecular beam, containing ions of these substances in nitrogen carrier gas, formed. Similarly to polystyrene in benzene–acetone solvent, negative beams of zein and PVP have more substructure than beams containing positive ions. The results indicate considerable aggregation in the beam, possibly of six molecular units per aggregate, in addition to the singly charged single molecules.
Site-Specific DNA Binding of Nuclear Factor I: Analyses of Cellular Binding Sites (1985)

Nuclear factor I is a cellular site-specific DNA-binding protein required for the efficient in vitro replication of adenovirus DNA. We have characterized human DNA sequences to which nuclear factor I binds. Three nuclear factor I binding sites (FIB sites), isolated from HeLa cell DNA, each contain the sequence TGG(N)6-7GCCAA. Comparison with other known and putative FIB sites suggests that this sequence is important for the binding of nuclear factor I. Nuclear factor I protects a 25- to 30-base-pair region surrounding this sequence from digestion by DNase I. Methylation protection studies suggest that nuclear factor I interacts with guanine residues within the TGG(N)6-7GCCAA consensus sequence. One binding site (FIB-2) contained a restriction endonuclease HaeIII cleavage site (GGCC) at the 5' end of the GCCAA motif. Digestion of FIB-2 with HaeIII abolished the binding of nuclear factor I. Southern blot analyses indicate that the cellular FIB sites described here are present within single-copy DNA in the HeLa cell genome.
[Radiosensitization of Lewis lung tumor by perfluorochemical emulsion comparison between single and fractionated irradiation]. (1990)

Previously perfluorochemical emulsion (FDAS) was shown to enhance tumor growth delay, when applied together with breathing carbogen (95% O2+5% CO2) before and during irradiation. In the present paper, radiosensitizing effects of FDAS in tumor bearing mice were examined on a single (10 Gy) and fractionated irradiation (4 Gy, 4 times) and on the dose of administration. The results were as follows; 1) All groups of single irradiation with injection of FDAS 10-40 ml/kg could enhance the radiosensitivity of LLC bearing mice. 2) Tumor growth of even fractionated irradiation groups was significantly delayed by administration of FDAS more than 5 ml/kg. 3) In case of fractionated irradiation, the minimum effective dose of FDAS was estimated to be 5 ml/kg per irradiation, which coincided with that of single irradiation. It was concluded that FDAS in fractionated irradiation could increase the radiosensitivity in tumor bearing mice with more than 5 ml/kg injection. Therefore, FDAS may be useful as a radiosensitizer for clinical application in fractionated radiation therapy. Furthermore, since irradiation doses of single (10 Gy) and even fractionated irradiation (4 Gy X 4 times) were approximately iso effective dose, it may be considered that administration of more than 5 ml/kg (minimum effective dose) FDAS at each irradiation gave similar radiosensitizing effects to both single and fractionated irradiation.
A hierarchical view of time (2002)

It is noted that modeling and simulation tools for large-scale systems typically use event queues as a model for time. The authors discuss two conceptual expansions of event queues. One is characterized by a totally local view of time with respect to individual structured modules, while the other uses a two-dimensional data structure, which behaves like an event queue with respect to one dimension only. The prototypes of the local queue and the hidden queue which are considered can each serve as an extension of the C++ language. The hidden queue was used as a kernel for multilevel description and simulation of hardware. The description power of the available data types is appropriate for the description of complex concurrent systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
HSV-1 DNA in Tears and Saliva of Normal Adults (2004)

The percentage of asymptomatic subjects who intermittently shed HSV-1 DNA in tears or saliva was higher than the percentage of subjects with positive ELISA or neutralization antibodies to HSV. Because most HSV transmission occurs during asymptomatic shedding, further knowledge of the prevalence of HSV-1 DNA in tears and saliva is warranted to control its spread. Shedding is simple to study, and its suppression may be an efficient way to evaluate new antivirals in humans.
Practical Guide to Female Pelvic Medicine (2006)

Preface. Anatomy. Pathophysiology of Urinary Incontinence. Pathophysiology of Fecal Incontinence. Pathophysiology of Pelvic Prolapse. Hormonal Influences on Genitourinary Function. Urological and Gynecological Evaluation. Colorectal Evaluation. Urodynamics. Cystoscopy. Imaging. Colorectal testing. Management of Urinary Incontinence. Management of Genital Prolapse. Management of Fecal Incontinence and Rectal Prolapse. Sexual Aspects of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. Chronic Pelvic Pain. Complications of Pelvic Floor Surgery. Tools for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
Photometric Stereo in a Scattering Medium (2015)

Photometric stereo is widely used for 3D reconstruction. However, its use in scattering media such as water, biological tissue and fog has been limited until now, because of forward scattered light from both the source and object, as well as light scattered back from the medium (backscatter). Here we make three contributions to address the key modes of light propagation, under the common single scattering assumption for dilute media. First, we show through extensive simulations that single-scattered light from a source can be approximated by a point light source with a single direction. This alleviates the need to handle light source blur explicitly. Next, we model the blur due to scattering of light from the object. We measure the object point-spread function and introduce a simple deconvolution method. Finally, we show how imaging fluorescence emission where available, eliminates the backscatter component and increases the signal-to-noise ratio. Experimental results in a water tank, with different concentrations of scattering media added, show that deconvolution produces higher-quality 3D reconstructions than previous techniques, and that when combined with fluorescence, can produce results similar to that in clear water even for highly turbid media.
Solvent effects on the conformations of ortho-substituted acetanilides (1968)

In acetanilides bearing nitro, halogen, alkoxyl, or carboxyl substituents in the ortho position, the intramolecular hydrogen bond is disrupted by polar solvents and the acetamido group adopts a position out of the plane of the aromatic ring. These changes are studied by means of changes in the deshielding effect of the amide carbonyl group on the remaining ortho proton.