gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Negatively Cooperative Binding of High-Density Lipoprotein to the HDL Receptor SR-BI (2011)

Scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI), is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor, which also binds low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and mediates the cellular selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from lipoproteins. SR-BI also is a coreceptor for hepatitis C virus and a signaling receptor that regulates cell metabolism. Many investigators have reported that lipoproteins bind to SR-BI via a single class of independent (not interacting), high-affinity binding sites (one site model). We have reinvestigated the ligand concentration dependence of (125)I-HDL binding to SR-BI and SR-BI-mediated specific uptake of [(3)H]CE from [(3)H]CE-HDL using an expanded range of ligand concentrations (<1 μg of protein/mL, lower than previously reported). Scatchard and nonlinear least-squares model fitting analyses of the binding and uptake data were both inconsistent with a single class of independent binding sites binding univalent lipoprotein ligands. The data are best fit by models in which SR-BI has either two independent classes of binding sites or one class of sites exhibiting negative cooperativity due to either classic allostery or ensemble effects ("lattice model"). Similar results were observed for LDL. Application of the "infinite dilution" dissociation rate method established that the binding of (125)I-HDL to SR-BI at 4 °C exhibits negative cooperativity. The unexpected complexity of the interactions of lipoproteins with SR-BI should be taken into account when interpreting the results of experiments that explore the mechanism(s) by which SR-BI mediates ligand binding, lipid transport, and cell signaling.
A Model for Strain-Induced Roughening and Coherent Island Growth (1992)

We have investigated the morphological evolution of strained films during growth. Novel Monte Carlo studies, which incorporate linear elasticity, have been performed to simulate film growth with misfit. These studies demonstrate the onset of islanding for sufficiently large misfit. We present an analytic calculation which shows that from the onset of deposition the films are energetically unstable to large-scale islanding. We argue that the kinetics ultimately determines the surface morphology. Dislocations are not necessary for surface lattice relaxation. Support for this picture is inferred from experimental results on a number of strained growth systems.
The shipping industry (2004)

Despite the fact that Indonesia and the Philippines are island-states and that the Southeast Asian region contributes approximately 15 per cent of world container traffic (Containerisation International 1998), Singapore is the only country in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to operate a shipping liner on an international scale.
An Improved Direct Digital Converter for Bridge-Connected Resistive Sensors (2016)

An improved direct digital converter (IDDC) suitable for bridge-connected resistive sensors is presented in this paper. The input stage of a dual-slope analog-to-digital converter is altered to accommodate a resistive sensor bridge, as its integral part and the logic of conversion incorporate automatic compensation for offset, offset drift, and gain errors. Through a detailed error analysis of the DDC presented earlier, the effects of the non-ideal characteristics of practical components on the performance of the DDC are quantified. From the analysis, it is determined that mismatch between the bridge elements and the input offset of op-amps significantly affect the output. While the earlier version of the DDC requires offline correction for offset and gain errors, the proposed IDDC provides in situ correction for these and hence can also compensate drifts. Simulation studies and experimental results demonstrate the practicality of the proffered scheme and indicate that the worst case error of ±0.2% due to offset in op-amps and mismatch in nominal resistances of sensing elements reduces to ±0.05% with the use of the proposed compensation technique.
Refrigeration and air conditioning (1956)

Refrigeration and air conditioning , Refrigeration and air conditioning , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
[Coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters in patients with various angiopathies--analysis in cerebral thrombosis, diabetic and vasculitic neuropathies]. (1993)

We measured the coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters in patients with various angiopathies to clarify the usefulness of the parameters for the evaluation of vascular involvement. The study included 65 patients with cerebral thrombosis at the chronic stage, 47 diabetics with neuropathy associated with diabetic microangiopathy, 15 diabetics without neuropathy, and 16 patients with vasculitic neuropathy associated with collagen diseases. Control subjects were 45 patients with other neurological disorders without symptomatic angiopathies. In cerebral thrombosis at the chronic stage, the coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and platelet factor IV were elevated significantly as compared with age-matched controls. Diabetics with neuropathy showed significantly elevated FVIII and vWF in comparison with diabetics without neuropathy and controls. No significant difference in parameters concerning glucose metabolism was observed between the two groups of diabetics. These findings suggest that elevated activities of the coagulation parameters reflect not merely the abnormalities in glucose metabolism but also the presence of microangiopathy which causes diabetic neuropathy. The patients with vasculitic neuropathy exhibited significantly elevated FVIII, vWF and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP). The present study demonstrated that FVIII and vWF are useful parameters for the evaluation of the extent of vascular involvement in angiopathies of different etiologies. It is important for the treatment of patients with the angiopathies, to monitor the coagulation parameters which reflect vascular involvement in addition to parameters for the disease activity.
Racemic iron(<scp>iii</scp>) and cobalt(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes containing a new pentadentate “helmet” phthalocyaninato ligand (2006)

Solvothermal reactions of iron(II) acetate tetrahydrate and cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate with 1,2-dicyanobenzene in methanol solution result in the formation of racemic six-coordinate iron(III) and cobalt(III) complexes, respectively, with a new bicyclic pentadentate 14,28-[1,3-diiminoisoindolinato]phthalocyaninato ligand.
Effectiveness of hardware-based stride and sequential prefetching in shared-memory multiprocessors (2002)

We study the relative efficiency of previously proposed stride and sequential prefetching-two promising hardware-based prefetching schemes to reduce read-miss penalties in shared-memory multiprocessors. Although stride accesses dominate in four out of six of the applications we study, we find that sequential prefetching does better than stride prefetching for three applications. This is because (i) most strides are shorter than the block size (we assume 32 byte blocks), which means that sequential prefetching is as effective for stride accesses, and (ii) sequential prefetching also exploits the locality of read misses for non-stride accesses. However we find that since stride prefetching causes fewer useless prefetches, it consumes less memory-system bandwidth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Histological assessment of cartilage repair: a report by the Histology Endpoint Committee of the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS). (2003)

Physical injury frequently causes tissue damage, including laceration. Repair of the damage usually results in the formation of a scar; complete anatomic healing and true regeneration are rare.

Connective tissues tend to heal naturally and successfully only if the injury is minor. If the damage is more severe, then a good functional result can be achieved only if Nature is assisted by surgical intervention. The efficacy of such measures has been established in the cases of bone and tendon injuries but not in the case of cartilage damage 1. In the latter situation, we are still prejudiced by Hippocrates' opinion that ulcerated cartilage is universally allowed to be a troublesome disease. 2 In addition, our view is necessarily colored by the scarcity of successful therapeutic modalities 3.

Articular cartilage is a narrow layer of specialized connective tissue that permits smooth, frictionless movement of diarthrodial joints. It is comprised of a relatively small number of cells (chondrocytes) embedded in an abundant extracellular matrix 4. The latter consists predominantly of type-II collagen, proteoglycans, and water, along with smaller amounts of other collagen types and noncollagenous proteins. Histologically, articular cartilage is divided into three zones, which are distinguished by the shape of the chondrocytes and the arrangement of type-II collagen fibers. The superficial zone is characterized by flattened disc-like chondrocytes, a low proteoglycan content, and densely-packed, horizontally-arranged collagen fibrils of uniform diameter. This layer has been described as a tension-resisting diaphragm 5 by virtue of its tendency to curl when the articular cartilage is released from the subchondral bone 6. In the middle zone, chondrocytes attain a more rounded profile, proteoglycan content increases, and the collagen fibers decussate to provide an oblique transitional network between the superficial tangential zone and the deep radial zone. The deep radial zone is …
Comparison of angiotensin II receptor antagonists (2001)

Nonpeptide orally active angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonists are the most specific means presently available to block the renin-angiotensin enzymatic cascade. Six of these drugs have already been licensed in Europe and in the United States for the treatment of high blood pressure, and additional candidates are in the pipeline. The World Health Organisation has also recently endorsed their use for this condition. Inasmuch as AT1 receptor antagonists have proven themselves the equals of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors with respect to antihypertensive efficacy, but demonstrated better safety profiles, this class of drugs may be considered to be a qualitative improvement in the treatment of essential hypertension. Interestingly, the six agents now on the market diverge considerably with respect to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, although it is not certain whether such differences are clinically relevant. A considerable number of large, multicentre trials are in progress to ascertain the possible longer-term organoprotective effects of these substances on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Because of their noteworthy safety record to date, and simple once-a-day dosage regimen, AT1 receptor antagonists have the potential to improve compliance in patients with chronic hypertension.
3D Cultivation Techniques for Primary Human Hepatocytes (2015)

One of the main challenges in drug development is the prediction of in vivo toxicity based on in vitro data. The standard cultivation system for primary human hepatocytes is based on monolayer cultures, even if it is known that these conditions result in a loss of hepatocyte morphology and of liver-specific functions, such as drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. As it has been demonstrated that hepatocytes embedded between two sheets of collagen maintain their function, various hydrogels and scaffolds for the 3D cultivation of hepatocytes have been developed. To further improve or maintain hepatic functions, 3D cultivation has been combined with perfusion. In this manuscript, we discuss the benefits and drawbacks of different 3D microfluidic devices. For most systems that are currently available, the main issues are the requirement of large cell numbers, the low throughput, and expensive equipment, which render these devices unattractive for research and the drug-developing industry. A higher acceptance of these devices could be achieved by their simplification and their compatibility with high-throughput, as both aspects are of major importance for a user-friendly device.
mGlu3 receptor blockade inhibits proliferation and promotes astrocytic phenotype in glioma stem cells (2013)

We have characterised, using both in vivo and in vitro methods, the effects of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 3 (mGlu3) antagonist (LY341495) and agonist (LY379268) on the proliferation and differentiation of glioma stem cells (GSC). For in vitro studies, a CCK-8 assay was used to determine the cell proliferation, flow cytometry was performed to determine cell cycle phases, and immunohistochemistry and laser confocal microscopy were employed to detect CD133 expression. For in vivo studies, GSCs were injected into nude mice treated with either LY379268 or LY341495 and the growth of the tumours was measured after 3 weeks. When compared with controls, the proliferation rates and proportion of cells in S phase within the LY341495 treated group decreased in a time-dependent manner. In the presence of differentiation medium containing LY341495, GSC differentiation was diverted into an astrocyte rather than neuronal phenotype. The growth rate and volume of tumours injected into nude mice was reduced in LY341495 treated mice compared with controls. Thus pharmacological blockade of mGlu3 receptor signalling pathway significantly inhibits the growth and proliferation of GSCs both in vitro and in vivo while promoting differentiation to astrocytes. These results further implicate mGlu3 in the biology of glioma and as a target for continued research.
Library Support for Hierarchical Multi-Processor Tasks (2002)

The paper considers the modular programming with hierarchically structured multi-processor tasks on top of SPMD tasks for distributed memory machines. The parallel execution requires a corresponding decomposition of the set of processors into a hierarchical group structure onto which the tasks are mapped. This results in a multi-level group SPMD computation model with varying processor group structures. The advantage of this kind of mixed task and data parallelism is a potential to reduce the communication overhead and to increase scalability. We present a runtime library to support the coordination of hierarchically structured multi-processor tasks. The library exploits an extended parallel group SPMD programming model and manages the entire task execution including the dynamic hierarchy of processor groups. The library is built on top of MPI, has an easy-to-use interface, and leads to only a marginal overhead while allowing static planning and dynamic restructuring.
Geography at the British association 1959 (1959)

(1959). Geography at the British association 1959. Scottish Geographical Magazine: Vol. 75, No. 3, pp. 142-143.
Annexes to the main report (2008)

The Siddhirganj - Maniknagar 230 KV Transmission Line Project is considered to be a feasible project examined from both social and environmental points of view. The general conclusion of the resettlement action plan (RAP) is that no significant negative social and environmental impacts will be produced by the project interventions. However, the project will have an impact in the 20 by 20 meter area of each tower site and minor impacts in the area of right of way (ROW) of the transmission line. The RAP document includes a number of recommendations and mitigating measures, some of those are : avoid destruction of houses as much as possible; compensation packages will reflect replacement costs for all losses, such as, land, tress, structures, businesses, crops, family income, etc., lost during construction phase; promote public awareness campaigns, signboards posted and precautionary measures to alert local population on the dangers of accidents and electrocution caused by failure of transmission lies or tower breakdown; throughout the project design and implementation adhere to the legal and regulatory resettlement and social provisions included in the Constitution of Bangladesh and the Bank's operational directives on the resettlement of displaced persons; ensure that those affected by the project will be at least as well off, if not better off than they would have been without the project, and finally, it is also recommended that monitoring of the resettlement action plan be effectively implemented in order to identify any changes in the predicted impacts and take appropriate measures to off-set any unexpected adverse impacts.
Independent Component Analysis: Principles and Practice (2001)

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) has recently become an important tool for modelling and understanding empirical datasets. It is a method of separating out independent sources from linearly mixed data, and belongs to the class of general linear models. ICA provides a better decomposition than other well-known models such as principal component analysis. This self-contained book contains a structured series of edited papers by leading researchers in the field, including an extensive introduction to ICA. The major theoretical bases are reviewed from a modern perspective, current developments are surveyed and many case studies of applications are described in detail. The latter include biomedical examples, signal and image denoising and mobile communications. ICA is discussed in the framework of general linear models, but also in comparison with other paradigms such as neural network and graphical modelling methods. The book is ideal for researchers and graduate students in the field
High-throughput, high-accuracy array-based resequencing (2009)

Although genomewide association studies have successfully identified associations of many common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with common diseases, the SNPs implicated so far account for only a small proportion of the genetic variability of tested diseases. It has been suggested that common diseases may often be caused by rare alleles missed by genomewide association studies. To identify these rare alleles we need high-throughput, high-accuracy resequencing technologies. Although array-based genotyping has allowed genomewide association studies of common SNPs in tens of thousands of samples, array-based resequencing has been limited for 2 main reasons: the lack of a fully multiplexed pipeline for high-throughput sample processing, and failure to achieve sufficient performance. We have recently solved both of these problems and created a fully multiplexed high-throughput pipeline that results in high-quality data. The pipeline consists of target amplification from genomic DNA, followed by allele enrichment to generate pools of purified variant (or nonvariant) DNA and ends with interrogation of purified DNA on resequencing arrays. We have used this pipeline to resequence approximately 5 Mb of DNA (on 3 arrays) corresponding to the exons of 1,500 genes in >473 samples; in total >2,350 Mb were sequenced. In the context of this large-scale study we obtained a false positive rate of approximately 1 in 500,000 bp and a false negative rate of approximately 10%.
The Los Angeles Classification of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (2013)

Endoscopic assessment of the esophagus for the presence or absence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as the assessment of its severity is crucial to formulating decisions about the patient's management and prognosis. Therefore, a validated tool is required to ensure agreement among different endoscopists. The Los Angeles classification system of GERD is by far the most widely used system to describe the endoscopic appearance of reflux esophagitis and grade its severity.1 This article is part of an expert video encyclopedia.
Targeting protein arginine methyltransferase 5 inhibits human hepatocellular carcinoma growth via the downregulation of beta-catenin (2015)

PRMT5 plays an important role in HCC. PRMT5 may be a promising target for HCC therapy.
STUDIES ON ANTITUMOR DRUGS VII.THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF p-BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL)AMINO-β-PHENYLALANINE ON ANIMAL TUMORS AND ITS TOXICITY (1960)

p-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-β-phenylalanine(Ho-14) at the daily dosage of 10 mg/kg produced marked inhibitory action on spindle cell sarcoma, AK sarcoma,lymphatic leukemia,Ehrlich ascites carcinoma,mammary carcinoma in mice, and Walker carcinoma and Jensen sarcoma in rats. The acute and subacute LD_(50)(7 injections)levels after intraperitoneal injections of Ho-14 in mice were found to be 50.5 and 22.6 mg/kg respectively. Ho-14 was injected intravenously in rabbits for 15 days.At the dosage of 1 mg/kg it had no significant influence on the blood cell counts,hemoglobin content and urinalysis.When the dosage was raised to 5 mg/kg,the white cell counts decreased significantly and gradually re- covered 3 wceks after cessation of the drug.Under the influence of 10 mg/kg the leukocyte counts were also decreased and most of the rabbits died after 6—9 injections. Ho-14 was administered intragastrically at the dosages of 5 and 10 mg/kg every four days and the total doses attained 450 and 1260 mg,no remarkable change in the blood picture,EKG, blood pressure,urine and feces examinations was observed.
Method for a Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of Amino Acid Acrylic Monomers with Zwitterionic Structure (2005)

Abstract Ampholyte monomers with zwitterionic moiety derived from α‐amino acid, that is, L‐lysine and L‐serine, were obtained using a method in which their copper complexes could be produced in simple steps. The N‐acryloylation of L‐lysine and L‐serine was carried out by reaction between their copper complexes and acryloyl chloride. Specifically, the removal of copper from the copper complex of acryloyl amino acid through the use of 8‐hydroxyquinoline as an organic chelate precipitant increased the yield of the ampholyte monomers with zwitterionic moiety. These syntheses were easily carried out in a three‐step procedure.
An analysis of Lehmer's Euclidean GCD algorithm (1995)

Article An analysis of Lehmer's Euclidean GCD algorithm Share on Author: Jonathan Sorenson Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Butler University, 4600 Sunset Ave., Indianapolis, Indiana Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Butler University, 4600 Sunset Ave., Indianapolis, IndianaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISSAC '95: Proceedings of the 1995 international symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computationApril 1995 Pages 254–258https://doi.org/10.1145/220346.220378Published:01 April 1995 12citation643DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations12Total Downloads643Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access