gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gastroparesis in Non-Diabetics: Associated Conditions and Possible Risk Factors (2018)

Background: Gastroparesis is a syndrome characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of any mechanical cause. While often associated with diabetes mellitus, most cases of gastroparesis are idiopathic. The purpose of the present paper is to review the co-morbid conditions that most likely associate with non-diabetic gastroparesis. Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project: Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) data were used from the year 2013 - 2014 and the Apriori algorithm was run on this subset of patients to identify what co-morbid conditions are most likely associated with gastroparesis. Results: Notable conditions that were found to be most closely linked with gastroparesis were: chronic pancreatitis, end stage renal disease, irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, fibromyalgia, and venous thromboembolism. Some of the implications of these findings are briefly discussed. Conclusions: Gastroparesis is strongly associated with multiple medical conditions which may be potential targets for treatment. Gastroenterol Res. 2018;11(5):340-345 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1060w
Microwave-assisted palladium mediated efficient synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines, pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolines, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazolines (2014)

An efficient method was developed for the synthesis of pyrazole fused heterocycles <italic>via</italic> the palladium-catalyzed solvent free reaction of β-halovinyl/aryl aldehydes and 3-aminopyrazoles/5-aminopyrazoles under microwave irradiation in good yields.
Clinical and Analytical Standardization Issues Confronting Cardiac Troponin I (1999)

Troponin I, a subunit of the ternary troponin complex, is a regulatory protein of the thin filament of striated muscle. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is uniquely different from the troponin I found in either slow or fast skeletal muscle. Possessing an additional 31-amino acid sequence at its N terminus, cTnI is found exclusively in the myocardium and, therefore, has been extensively studied as a sensitive and specific serum marker for myocardial injury (1). The forms of cTnI found in the circulation include complexes with troponin T and C (TIC and IC) as well as free subunits (2). In addition, cTnI has been identified in oxidized, reduced, and phosphorylated forms (3)(4). The signals generated by immunoassays developed with anti-cTnI monoclonal antibodies are dependent on the epitope region recognized by these antibodies (5). Thus, protein regions within the cTnI molecule that are susceptible to oxidation, reduction, or phosphorylation or to degradation by the action of proteases are likely to exhibit variable immunoreactivity and even loss of reactivity, leading to altered signal generation in cTnI immunoassays that use antibodies against such regions.

In the December 1998 issue of Clinical Chemistry , Katrukha et al. (6) presented Western blotting and immunoassay data demonstrating the in vivo and in vitro degradation of both the C and N termini of cTnI in human myocardium and serum after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). More importantly, they demonstrated that the signal detected by cTnI immunoassays is highly dependent on the epitope regions recognized by the anti-cTnI antibodies used in the (sandwich) immunoassays. Thus, whether cTnI is complexed with troponin T and or with troponin C as the three-subunit complex TIC or the two-subunit complex IC or as a free subunit, immunoassays designed with antibodies selected against the stable amino acid region between residues 33 and 110 of …
Effects of antihypertensive treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers on lipid profile: an open multi-drug comparison trial. (2006)

ARB antihypertensive therapy may have a uniquely beneficial metabolic effect in addition to blood pressure lowering.
A review of genetic disorders of hypopigmentation: lessons learned from the biology of melanocytes (2009)

Inherited diseases of pigmentation were among the first traits studied in humans because of their easy recognition. The discovery of genes that regulate melanocytic development and function and the identification of disease-causative mutations have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular basis of pigmentary genodermatoses and their underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. Pigmentation mutants can account for hypo-/amelanosis, with or without altered melanocyte number, resulting in different phenotypes, such as Waardenburg syndrome, piebaldism, Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, oculocutaneous albinism and Griscelli syndrome. In this review, we summarize the basic concepts of melanocyte biology and discuss how molecular defects in melanocyte development and function can result in the development of hypopigmentary hereditary skin diseases.
Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis (1969)

Introduction Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Other Approaches to Accelerated Peptide Synthesis Summary and Conclusions
Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase in Maturing Oil Seeds of Maize and Other Species (1986)

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.20) activity was detected in the microsomal fractions of maturing maize scutellum, soybean cotyledon, peanut cotyledon, and castor bean endosperm. The activity detected was high enough to account for the in vivo rate of triacylglycerol synthesis. The activity of the maize enzyme was characterized using diolein micelles prepared by sonication in Tween 20 as the substrate. The activity was highest at pH values of 6 to 7. The activity was proportional to the amount of enzyme added, and the reaction rate was linear for about 2 minutes. The enzyme was not inactivated by Tween 20, Zwitterion 3-08, Triton-X 100, and cholate, but was inactivated completely by sodium dodecyl sulfate. The enzyme was active on linoleoyl coenzyme A (CoA), palmitoyl CoA, and oleoyl CoA, although the activity was highest on linoleoyl CoA. Endogenous diacylglycerol was present in the microsomes, and the enzyme activity was only partially dependent on the addition of external diolein. Subcellular fractionation of the total scutellum extract in sucrose density gradients was performed. By comparing the migration of the enzyme between rate and equilibrium centrifugation, and between equilibrium centrifugation in the presence and absence of magnesium ions in the preparative media, the enzyme was shown to be associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Some of the above findings on the maize enzyme were extended to the enzymes from castor bean, soybean, and peanuts.
Multimodal navigation display (2015)

In this paper we discuss the opportunities of multimodal interaction for multimodal flight planning in a navigation display and introduce key design principles of multimodal interaction (MMI) via keyboard, cursor-control device, touch gestures and voice. We present results of human factors evaluation of multimodal flight planning conducted on an interactive prototype and outline the possibilities of multimodal interaction for other functions in the flightdeck.
Curvilinear-Coordinate-Based Object and Situation Assessment for Highly Automated Vehicles (2015)

This paper presents a novel curvilinear-coordinate-based approach to improve object and situation assessment performance for highly automated vehicles under various curved road conditions. The approach integrates object information from radars and lane information from a camera with three steps: track-to-track fusion, curvilinear coordinate conversion, and lane assessment. The track-to-track fusion is achieved through a nearest neighbor filter that updates the target state estimation and covariance with the nearest neighbor measurement, and a cross-covariance method that merges the duplicate tracks using error covariance. In order to determine in which lane the fused tracks are located accurately and reliably, the curvilinear coordinate conversion process is performed. The curvilinear coordinates are generated in the form of a cubic Hermite spline lane model from the lane information of the camera. Based on the converted track information and the lane model in the curvilinear coordinates, the probability distribution of the threat levels in each lane is determined though a probabilistic lane association and threat assessment. The developed algorithm is verified and evaluated through experiments using a real-time embedded system. The results show that the proposed curvilinear-coordinate-based approach provides excellent performance of object and situation assessment, in respect of accuracy and computational efficiency, in real-time operation.
(N-heterocyclic-carbene)Copper(I)-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond formation using carbon dioxide (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2007.
Design guidelines for “tailorable” frameworks (1997)

article Free Access Share on Design guidelines for “tailorable” frameworks Authors: Serge Demeyer Univ. of Berne, Switzerland Univ. of Berne, SwitzerlandView Profile , Theo Dirk Meijler Baan Development Co., Ede, The Netherlands Baan Development Co., Ede, The NetherlandsView Profile , Oscar Nierstrasz Univ. of Berne, Switzerland Univ. of Berne, SwitzerlandView Profile , Patrick Steyaert Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 40Issue 10Oct. 1997pp 60–64https://doi.org/10.1145/262793.262805Published:01 October 1997Publication History 27citation771DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations27Total Downloads771Last 12 Months35Last 6 weeks8 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Protective Effect of Lignans against Sepsis from the Roots of <i>Saururus chinensis</i> (2008)

In the course of isolating preventive agents from sepsis based on the in vivo assay model from the EtOAc extract of the roots of Saururus chinensis, twelve lignans, sarisan (1), erythro-austrobailignan-6 (2), meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (3), saucerneol B (4), manassantin B (5), manassantin A (6), rel-(8R,8'R)-dimethyl-(7S,7'R)-bis(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)tetrahydro-furan (7), (+)-saururinone (8), sauchinone (9), sauchinone B (10), nectandrin B (11) and machilin D (12), were isolated. Compounds 9 and 10, at a dose of 10 mg/kg, increased survival rates to 80% from 20% for the control experiment, and decreased the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in mice administered LPS/D-GalN.
<i>Alpha</i>-melanocyte-stimulating hormone exhibits target cell selectivity in its capacity to affect interleukin 1-inducible responses in vivo and in vitro. (1987)

The ability of i.v.-administered recombinant human interleukin 1 (IL 1 beta) to increase core body temperature, stimulate an increased production of serum amyloid P substance, and augment blood levels of circulating neutrophils in mice was inhibited in a dosage-dependent manner by administration of the neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). alpha-MSH administration was also capable of inhibiting the capacity of i.v.-administered IL 1 beta to enhance plasma levels of corticosterone and to depress the generation and/or elicitation of contact hypersensitivity responses to skin-reactive chemicals. An analog of alpha-MSH (Nle4, D-Phe7 alpha-MSH), known to be more potent than native alpha-MSH in a number of melanotropin-sensitive systems, was determined to be more active than alpha-MSH in the modification of these same in vivo responses. Neither alpha-MSH nor its analog were capable of altering the capacity of IL 1 to stimulate increased plasma levels in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In vitro, neither alpha-MSH nor its analog were capable of reducing the capacity of IL 1 to stimulate fibroblast production of PGE2 or to augment the proliferation of murine thymocytes exposed to phytohemagglutinin. The apparent selectivity associated with the regulatory influences of alpha-MSH on IL 1-induced responses in vivo suggests that this neuropeptide may function as an endogenous inhibitor of certain immunomodulatory and inflammatory activities of the cytokine IL 1.
Laser ablation of pyrene-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) film: Dynamics of pyrene transient species by spectroscopic measurements (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser ablation of pyrene-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) film: Dynamics of pyrene transient species by spectroscopic measurementsHisashi Fujiwara, Hiroshi Fukumura, and Hiroshi MasuharaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 31, 11844–11853Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100031a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j100031a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Porous silica frame for deep UV lithography (2003)

Several significant technical issues are associated with the current anodized aluminum photomask frame. These problems will become more acute as shorter wavelengths such as 193 nm and 157 nm become standard. For example, it is difficult to purge the pellicle space, and the non-porous nature of the aluminum frame can lead to pressure-induced film breakage. In addition, the thermal expansion behavior of aluminum does not match that of the silica substrate, which can lead to pattern distortion or bending of a hard pellicle film. Proposed solutions such as a perforated silica frame or a porous stainless steel frame may address some of these issues, but a complete solution has not been forthcoming. A porous silica frame technology based on sol-gel processing may eliminate concerns associated with the lack of porosity in the stainless steel frame, as well as thermal expansion mismatch problems. Several additional advantages may also be realized, including the removal of organic contaminants from inside the pellicle space, filtration of particulate contaminants, and stability under aggressive cleaning. This approach to a porous silica frame may help enable a cost-effective route to more rapid commercialization of shorter-wavelength microlithographic processes.
The effects of source array crossline directivity on 3D migration (1991)

In this article we demonstrate that damaging effects can occur to seismic reflection data after 3D migration when source arrays of even modest lateral extent are used to acquire the data. Arrays of airguns and other sources have been used on countless occasions in the last 15 years or so to acquire 3D seismic data. Seismic source arrays are characterized by a relatively small number of parameters, as discussed for example in the excellent review by Dragoset (1990), which provides an invigorating dose of scientific method into an area more commonly characterized by the arcane.
STUDIES ON THE QUANTITATIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF HEMORRHAGIC ACTIVITY OF HABU SNAKE VENOM (1960)

Hemorrhage is one of the most prominent manifestations produced by the parenteral administration of various snake venoms especially of Habu (Mitsuhashi et al., 1959; Ohsaka et al., 1961) and other species of Crotalidae (Fidler et al., 1940; Taube et al., 1937) . In order to study the principle (s) responsible for hemorrhage caused by snake venom, a quantitative method for the determination of hemorrhagic activity is required. Up to date, however, few attempts have been made to establish the quantitative estimation of hemorrhagic activity of snake venom. Minton (1956) and Mitsuhashi et al. (1959) tried to estimate the hemorrhagic activity but the results they obtained were not reproducible in our hands.The present authors proposed a new method, which consists of the following procedures; (1) intracutaneous injection of venom into the depilated back skin of rabbits; (2) accurate measurement of the size of hemorrhagic spot carried out from the inside of the removed skin; (3) application of the parallel line assay method for the estimation.By this method it was possible to study the relationships of hemorrhagic activity to proteolytic and other pathological activities of Habu venom (Ohsaka et al., 1960, 1961) . In this paper, details of the new method will be presented.
Chemical Etching of Zinc Oxide for Thin‐Film Silicon Solar Cells (2011)

Chemical etching is widely applied to texture the surface of sputter-deposited zinc oxide for light scattering in thin-film silicon solar cells. Based on experimental findings from the literature and our own results we propose a model that explains the etching behavior of ZnO depending on the structural material properties and etching agent. All grain boundaries are prone to be etched to a certain threshold, that is defined by the deposition conditions and etching solution. Additionally, several approaches to modify the etching behavior through special preparation and etching steps are provided.
Purification and characterization of a 32‐kDa phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> inhibitory protein (lipocortin) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1987)

A 32-kDa protein was isolated from human monocytes after calcium precipitation and chromatography. The protein activity was assessed by the inhibition of soluble phospholipase A2 (PLA2). This in vitro inhibitory effect on phospholipases A2 was found only with negatively charged phospholipids. The protein was also able to inhibit cellular PLA2 in mouse thymocytes. The biochemical properties and amino acid composition strongly suggest that the protein shares similarities with endonexin. Using a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against rat lipocortin, we found a cross-reactivity with the 32-kDa protein. According to the biochemical and immunological properties, we propose to relate this PLA2 inhibitory protein from human monocytes to lipocortin.
Video summarisation based on the psychological content in the track structure (2000)

In this study, the method to summarise TV drama based on the psychological unfolding is proposed. In past researches, video summarisation has been achieved almost by way of choosing representative frames in visual track and never based on the mental side of video content. In this work, the video structure which consists of audio & visual tracks (actor's utterances, BGM, background sound, effect sounds and shots) is modeled and the track-structure-based video summarization method is proposed. To extract the temporal feature patterns of the track structure correspondent with the specific psychological content, each tracks is first quantified by calculating existence ratio etc., and second the intra/inter track feature patterns are determined based on empirical knowledges. The proposed method is implemented and examined in the subjective experiment.
PAINT ADHESION FAILURE MECHANISMS ON STEEL IN CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENTS (1968)

THE CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF PAINT ADHESION FAILURE ON STEEL, AS A RESULT OF THE CORROSION PROCESSES WITH AND WITHOUT A CONVERSION COATING, HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED. ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES WERE USED TO SEPARATE THE CORROSION REACTIONS AND STUDY THEIR SEPARATE AND COMBINED EFFECTS AT A DISCONTINUITY (SCRIBE LINE) IN THE PAINT FILMS. FOR OPTIMUM CORROSION PROTECTION THE CONVERSION COATING SHOULD RETARD ANODIC UNDERCUTTING AND BOTH THE CONVERSION COATING AND PAINT SYSTEMS SHOULD BE RESISTANT TO HYDROXIDE, PRODUCED BY THE CATHODIC REACTION. /AUTHOR/
Scalable Video Coding via the Wavelet Domain (2005)

文章提出了一种新的下采样技术提高了可伸缩视频编码的性能.可伸缩性是从空间、时间、SNR(质量)三个方面来提供的,同时还保持了高压缩率.其中基本层视频序列是从上一层经过下采样得到的视频序列.一次下采样后,分辨率降为原视频序列的1/2,基本层的运动向量与增强层的运动向量有很大的相关性.目前的做法是使用MPEG滤波器来进行下采样,层间的运动向量的关系减弱了.文章提出使用小波变换对输入的增强层的视频序列进行下采样,基本层就是小波空间的低频部分,这样在基本层的运动估计补偿可以通过相位平移在低频子带中预测,减少运动估计残差,同时,增强层的运动向量可以由基本层小波空间中的运动向量给出估计值.
Performance of mammalian cell culture bioreactor with a new impeller design (1992)

To improve the oxygen transfer in a mammalian cell bioreactor, a new type of impeller consisting of a double-screen concentric cylindrical cage impeller (annular cage impeller in short) was designed and its mass transfer rate evaluated. This new impeller design increases the specific screen area, and the convective mass transfer rate through the annular cage was significantly increased. The oxygen transfer rates with the new impeller and the commercially available cell-lift impeller (CelliGen by New Brunswick Scientific Co.) were evaluated and their performance compared at various rates of aeration and agitation. The results showed that with the new impeller, the oxygen transfer rate was increased by 19% in water and 21% in cell-free culture medium supplemented with 10% horse serum, the total hybridoma cell concentration was increased to 3.4 x 10(7) cells/mL, and the IgG(1) subtype monoclonal antibody (MAb) product concentration was also increased to 512 mg/L in perfusion culture of murine hybridoma cell line 62'D3. These improvements in oxygen transfer rate, cell concentration, and MAb product concentration are all very significant. The mass transfer resistance in the cell-lift impeller system was found to be mainly due to the surface area of the single-screen cage impeller. The new annular cage impeller not only provided the increased surface area for convective oxygen transfer but also protected cells from hydrodynamic shear damage, thereby achieving a significant bioprocess improvement in terms of higher viable cell concentration, higher product concentration, and higher oxygen transfer rate in the mammalian cell bioreactor system.
<i>Leishmania major</i>-Specific B Cells Are Necessary for Th2 Cell Development and Susceptibility to <i>L. major</i> LV39 in BALB/c Mice (2008)

B lymphocytes are considered to play a minimal role in host defense against Leishmania major. In this study, the contribution of B cells to susceptibility to infection with different strains of L. major was investigated in BALB/c mice lacking mature B cells due to the disruption of the IgM transmembrane domain (microMT). Whereas BALB/c microMT remained susceptible to infection with L. major IR173 and IR75, they were partially resistant to infection with L. major LV39. Adoptive transfer of naive B cells into BALB/c microMT mice before infection restored susceptibility to infection with L. major LV39, demonstrating a role for B cells in susceptibility to infection with this parasite. In contrast, adoptive transfer of B cells that express an IgM/IgD specific for hen egg lysozyme (HEL), an irrelevant Ag, did not restore disease progression in BALB/c microMT mice infected with L. major LV39. This finding was likely due to the inability of HEL Tg B cells to internalize and present Leishmania Ags to specific T cells. Furthermore, specific Ig did not contribute to disease progression as assessed by transfer of immune serum in BALB/c microMT mice. These data suggest that direct Ag presentation by specific B cells and not Ig effector functions is involved in susceptibility of BALB/c mice to infection with L. major LV39.