gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stanford Digital Library Interoperability Protocol (1998)

Description of Stanford''s interoperability protocol for interacting with search related proxy objects on the InfoBus.
Mid-infrared difference-frequency generation source pumped by a 11–15-µm dual-wavelength fiber amplifier for trace-gas detection (1998)

Continuous-wave mid-infrared radiation near 3.5 micrometers is generated by difference-frequency mixing of the output of a compact 1.1-1.5 micrometer dual-wavelength fiber amplifier in periodically poled LiNbO3. The diode side-pumped amplifier is constructed with double-cladding Yb-doped fiber followed by single-mode Er/Yb codoped fiber. Output powers of as much as 11 microW at 3.4 micrometers are obtained, and spectroscopic detection of CH4 and H2CO is demonstrated.
High quality rendering using the Talisman architecture (1997)

Article High quality rendering using the Talisman architecture Share on Author: Anthony C. Barkans Microsoft, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA Microsoft, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WAView Profile Authors Info & Claims HWWS '97: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardwareAugust 1997 Pages 79–88https://doi.org/10.1145/258694.258722Published:03 August 1997 15citation665DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations15Total Downloads665Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Alzheimers Disease Drug Development: Old Problems Require New Priorities (2008)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical drug development and patient care depend on rating instruments, research designs and methods, and translations of clinical trial (CT) results into the clinic without support from standardized protocols able to control (i) random measurement error intrusions into observations, (ii) inaccuracy and bias introduced by clinical evaluators, (iii) conformity of research sites to conditions of research protocols, (iv) the ability of the CT to model for practitioners the most effective use of the drug with individual patients, and (v) other factors able to invalidate research and patient care data. This relaxed attitude with regard to AD methods may be changing now with Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) evidence that carefully standardized protocols are needed to validate biomarkers for use in AD diagnosis, drug development, and patient care. In the fields of psychiatry and AD, recent studies have detected serious inaccuracies, imprecision, biases and compromises of study protocols able to invalidate CT outcome data and conclusions drawn from these data. This limited but troubling evidence reinforces ADNI calls for more detailed methodological protocols. Based on the limits to precision and accuracy associated with rated outcomes in CTs and patient care, we call for priority to be given to the qualification and use of biomarkers as outcome variables in AD drug development and patient care and, to insure effective uses of biomarkers, to development of protocol guided practices being modeled in ADNI research. To meet clinical pharmacology's therapeutic aims we conclude that AD CTs need to set for clinicians the conditions of use of drugs shown efficacious, biomarker surrogate endpoints as drug targets, and not to function merely as tests for efficacy conducted under field conditions determined by current clinical practices.
Design and simulations of a serial-link interconnection network for a massively parallel computer system (2002)

This paper presents a study of an interconnecting architecture between an array of processing elements and shared memory modules in a massively parallel computer system. This architecture is called Serial Link Interconnection Network (SLIN). SLIN is based on ultrahigh-throughput (more than one gigabits per second) bi-directional serial links. These links connect serially ported processing elements and memory modules through a network of switches. The interconnection network places the outer columns of the switches in a tree topology while the innermost columns are linked point to point. The results of the SLIN computer models' simulations are analyzed. The findings show the advantages of SLIN architecture in terms of cost-effectiveness and link utilization.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new contactless smart card IC using an on-chip antenna and an asynchronous microcontroller (2001)

This paper describes a new generation of contactless smart card chip which integrates an on-chip coil connected to a power reception system and an emitter/receiver module compatible with the ISO 14443 standard, together with an asynchronous quasi-delay insensitive (QDI) 8-bit microcontroller. Beyond the contactless smart card application field, this new chip demonstrates that system-on-chip integrating power reception and management, radio-frequency communication, and signal processing is feasible. It associates analog/digital parts as well as synchronous/asynchronous logics and has been fabricated in a CMOS six metal layers 0.25-/spl mu/m technology from STMicroelectronics.
Nanopatterning of photonic crystals with a photocurable silica–titania organic–inorganic hybrid material by a UV-based nanoimprint technique (2005)

UV patternable high refractive index inorganic–organic hybrid materials prepared by sol–gel process can be nanoimprinted in order to get photonic crystal nanopatterns. Non-hydrolytic sol–gel process can make a UV curable and relatively high refractive index hybrid material, which can be cured without a significant shrinkage for nanoimprinting. Sol–gel process of heterogeneously functionalized silicon alkoxides can make the organically modified inorganic Si–O–Ti network very well. The UV-based nanoimprint technique utilizes transparent templates and UV curable high refractive index materials to allow pattern replication at room temperature and very low pressure. UV-based nanoimprint technique is an efficient way to fabricate this sort of polymeric photonic crystal nanostructures.
Getting Inside the Black Box: A Field Study of Practices in “Effective” Audit Committees (2004)

Although audit committees typically are considered a crucial corporate governance mechanism, knowledge is scant about the practices carried out in audit committee meetings. This paper provides insights into practices that audit committee members carry out in meetings, including the part of the meetings where members meet privately with auditors. The investigation was conducted via a field study in three Canadian public corporations—whose respective audit committees complied to a large extent with regulatory guidelines of the Toronto Stock Exchange and the voluntary recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Committee on audit committee effectiveness. Further, the three audit committees that we investigated are generally perceived as effective by the individuals who attend meetings. Our results highlight key matters that audit committee members emphasize during meetings, such as: accuracy of financial statements; appropriateness of the wording used in financial reports; effectiveness of internal controls; and the quality of the work performed by auditors. We also elicit the evaluation criteria that members use to assess written and verbal information submitted by managers and auditors. In addition, we found that a key aspect of the work carried out by audit committee members consists of asking challenging questions and assessing responses provided by managers and auditors.
Nuclear envelope dynamics during plant cell division suggest common mechanisms between kingdoms (2011)

Behaviour of the NE (nuclear envelope) during open mitosis has been explored extensively in metazoans, but lack of native markers has limited similar investigations in plants. In the present study, carried out using living synchronized tobacco BY-2 suspension cultures, the non-functional NE marker LBR (lamin B receptor)-GFP (green fluorescent protein) and two native, functional NE proteins, AtSUN1 [Arapidopsis thaliana SUN (Sad1/UNC84) 1] and AtSUN2, we provide evidence that the ER (endoplasmic reticulum)-retention theory for NE membranes is applicable in plants. We also observe two apparently unique plant features: location of the NE-membrane components in close proximity to chromatin throughout division, and spatially distinct reformation of the NE commencing at the chromatin surface facing the spindle poles and concluding at the surface facing the cell plate. Mobility of the proteins was investigated in the interphase NE, during NE breakdown and reformation, in the spindle membranes and the cell plate. A role for AtSUN2 in nuclear envelope breakdown is suggested.
High Temperature Synthetic Cement Retarder (1995)

Abstract A synthetic cement retarder which provides excellent retardation and compressive strength development has been synthesized. The response properties and temperature ranges of the synthetic retarder far exceed those of commonly used retarders such as lignosulfonates. The chemical nature of the new retarder is discussed and compared to another synthetic retarder.
Controlled Permeability Polymer Membranes (1992)

Gallium is a metal that literally melts in your hand. It has low toxicity, near-zero vapor pressure, and a viscosity similar to water. Despite possessing a surface tension larger than any other liquid (near room temperature), gallium can form nonspherical ...Read More
A mechanistic hypothesis for the impairment of synaptic plasticity by soluble Aβ oligomers from Alzheimer’s brain (2020)

It is increasingly accepted that early cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease results in considerable part from synaptic dysfunction caused by the accumulation of a range of oligomeric assemblies of amyloid β-protein (Aβ). Most studies have used synthetic Aβ peptides to explore the mechanisms of memory deficits in rodent models, but recent work suggests that Aβ assemblies isolated from human (AD) brain tissue are far more potent and disease-relevant. Although reductionist experiments show Aβ oligomers to impair synaptic plasticity and neuronal viability, the responsible mechanisms are only partly understood. Glutamatergic receptors, GABAergic receptors, nicotinic receptors, insulin receptors, the cellular prion protein, inflammatory mediators, and diverse signaling pathways have all been suggested. Studies using AD brain-derived soluble Aβ oligomers suggest that only certain bioactive forms (principally small, diffusible oligomers) can disrupt synaptic plasticity, including by binding to plasma membranes and changing excitatory-inhibitory balance, perturbing mGluR, PrP, and other neuronal surface proteins, down-regulating glutamate transporters, causing glutamate spillover, and activating extrasynaptic GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors. We synthesize these emerging data into a mechanistic hypothesis for synaptic failure in Alzheimer's disease that can be modified as new knowledge is added and specific therapeutics are developed.
Plastid‐expressed 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase genes provide high level glyphosate tolerance in tobacco (2001)

Plastid transformation (transplastomic) technology has several potential advantages for biotechnological applications including the use of unmodified prokaryotic genes for engineering, potential high-level gene expression and gene containment due to maternal inheritance in most crop plants. However, the efficacy of a plastid-encoded trait may change depending on plastid number and tissue type. We report a feasibility study in tobacco plastids to achieve high-level herbicide resistance in both vegetative tissues and reproductive organs. We chose to test glyphosate resistance via over-expression in plastids of tolerant forms of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Immunological, enzymatic and whole-plant assays were used to prove the efficacy of three different prokaryotic (Achromobacter, Agrobacterium and Bacillus) EPSPS genes. Using the Agrobacterium strain CP4 EPSPS as a model we identified translational control sequences that direct a 10,000-fold range of protein accumulation (to >10% total soluble protein in leaves). Plastid-expressed EPSPS could provide very high levels of glyphosate resistance, although levels of resistance in vegetative and reproductive tissues differed depending on EPSPS accumulation levels, and correlated to the plastid abundance in these tissues. Paradoxically, higher levels of plastid-expressed EPSPS protein accumulation were apparently required for efficacy than from a similar nuclear-encoded gene. Nevertheless, the demonstration of high-level glyphosate tolerance in vegetative and reproductive organs using transplastomic technology provides a necessary step for transfer of this technology to other crop species.
Magic cards (2009)

Typical Human Robot Interaction (HRI) assumes that the user explicitly interacts with robots. However, explicit control with robots can be unnecessary or even undesirable in certain cases, such as dealing with domestic services (or housework). In this paper, we propose an alternative strategy of interaction: the user implicitly controls a robot by issuing commands on corresponding real world objects and the environment. Robots then discover these commands and complete them in the background. We implemented a paper-tag-based interface to support such implicit robot control in a sensor-augmented home environment. Our initial user studies indicated that the paper-tag-based interface is particularly simple to use and provides users with flexibility in planning and controlling their housework tasks in a simulated home environment.
An Overview on Control Concepts of Push-Belt CVT (2012)

This paper gives a general overview of push-belt CVT emphasizing on the concepts of ratio, slip and the rate of ratio change control. Accurate control of the CVT transmission is essential to achieve the intended fuel economy, ensure a good drivability and moreover maximize the efficiency of CVT.
Interphenylene 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane oxazoles. Highly potent, selective, and long-acting thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists (1993)

A series of interphenylene 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane oxazoles (2) were prepared and evaluated for their thromboxane (TxA2) antagonistic activity in vitro and duration of action in vivo. Examination of the carboxyl side chain indicated that the interphenylene ring substitution pattern and, to a lesser extent, chain length were important factors in determining TxA2 antagonistic potency. For the carboxyl side chain, ortho substitution, a single methylene spacer between the interphenylene and oxabicycloheptane rings, and a propionic acid side-chain length were determined to be optimal. With respect to the oxazole side chain a wide range of amide substituents with diverse structures and lipophilicities were compatible with potent antagonistic activity. Finally, an acidic functional group on the alpha-chain and a hydrogen bond acceptor on the 4-position of the oxazole ring were critical for potent activity. From the analogs prepared 42 (BMS-180,291: [(+)-1S-(1 alpha, 2 alpha, 3 alpha, 4 alpha)-2-[[3-[4-[(n- pentylamino)carbonyl]-2-oxazolyl]-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2- yl]methyl]benzenepropanoic acid) was found to be a potent, selective, and orally-active TxA2 antagonist with a long duration of action and has been selected as a candidate for clinical development. In human platelet-rich plasma, 42 inhibited arachidonic acid (800 microM) and U-46,-619 (10 microM) induced aggregation with I50 values of 7 and 21 nM, respectively. Radioligand binding studies of 42 with [3H]-SQ 29,548 showed a Kd value of 4.0 +/- 1.0 nM in human platelet membranes. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicated 42 was devoid of direct agonistic activity. In vivo 42 (0.2 mg/kg, po) showed extended protection (T50 = 14.4 h) from U-46,619 (2 mg/kg, iv) induced death in mice, and a single oral dose of 42 (3 mg/kg) abolished U46,619-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo in African green monkeys for > 24 h.
Failure of activation of caspase-9 induces a higher threshold for apoptosis and cisplatin resistance in testicular cancer. (2003)

Testicular germ cell cancer is one of the very few cancers that are highly sensitive to and curable by cisplatin-based chemotherapy even in an advanced stage. However, in a few cases resistance to cisplatin occurs and patients subsequently die from progressive disease. The molecular basis for this resistance remains to be determined. Using two cisplatin-sensitive (2102EP and H12.1) and one cisplatin-resistant human testicular germ cell cancer cell line (1411HP), we investigated molecular mechanisms in the induction of apoptosis after cisplatin-treatment focusing on the cleavage and activation of caspase-2, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8, and caspase-9. The cell line 1411HP showed a 3.3-fold cisplatin resistance when compared with the sensitive cell lines 2102EP and H12.1 by IC(90)s, which was treatment schedule independent (2- or 24-h incubation). Cisplatin resistance was associated with substantially decreased apoptosis in vitro and in derived nude mice xenografts as determined by Apo 2.7 detection, DNA-laddering, immunohistochemistry of active caspase-3, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling assay. Total DNA platination as assessed by ELISA after cisplatin treatment in equimolar doses did not differ between cisplatin-resistant or -sensitive cells. In separate analysis of cells of early and late apoptotic stages, initiation of cisplatin-induced apoptosis appeared to be rather mediated by caspase-9 than by caspase-8. Resistant 1411HP cells failed to activate caspase-9 during the induction of apoptosis after cisplatin treatment at the IC(90) dose. Interestingly, inhibition of caspase-9 in sensitive H12.1 almost completely blocked apoptosis and induced cisplatin resistance to the same extent as in 1411HP so that apoptosis could only be induced by 3.3-fold higher cisplatin doses. Furthermore, in caspase-9 blocked cells, initiation of apoptosis occurred in a caspase-9 independent manner accompanied by activation of caspase-2 and caspase-3, which are intrinsic characteristics of resistant 1411HP cells. Failure of caspase-9 activation and cisplatin resistance was independent of the expression of p53, Bcl-2 family proteins, Fas receptor, and Fas ligand. In conclusion, failure of activation of the caspase-9 pathway induces a higher cellular threshold for cisplatin-mediated induction of apoptosis in testicular cancer cells. However, this higher threshold can be overcome by higher cisplatin doses, conceivably by using an alternate, caspase-9-independent apoptotic pathway. This supports the current clinical strategy of high-dose chemotherapy in patients with chemorefractory germ cell tumors. However, additional defining and eventually targeting the exact molecular mechanism blocking caspase-9 activation might lead to more selective therapeutic approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance in germ cell cancer.
Metrics for reconfigurable architectures characterization: remanence and scalability (2004)

Target applications for mobile devices such as PDA and cellular telephones require increasingly powerful architectures. This challenge has spawned different hardware acceleration styles like configurable instruction set processors, coprocessors, and ASIC. Despite acceptable, these solutions show today a lack of flexibility considering rapidly changing standards. Structurally programmable architectures can today provide a trade-off between performance of hardwired logic and flexibility of processors. More and more reconfigurable architectures are today available as IP cores for SoC designers. These ones often differ according to several parameters (granularity, reconfiguration mode, topology...). Therefore, it is not straightforward to compare different architectures and choose the right one considering both actual and future requirements. This paper proposes a general model for reconfigurable architectures and gives a set of metrics which prove useful for architecture characterization. The methodology is illustrated on a dynamically reconfigurable architecture: the systolic ring.
<i>In vitro</i>co-stimulation with anti-CD28 synergizes with IL-12 in the generation of T cell immune responses to leukaemic cells; a strategy for<i>ex-vivo</i>generation of CTL for immunotherapy (2003)

The existence of an immune based graft-versus-leukaemia (GvL) effect highlighted the prospect of managing relapsed leukaemias with T cell-based adoptive immunotherapy. Thus, various strategies have been explored for the in vitro expansion of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)-specific T cells. In a popular approach, AML blasts have been genetically modified to express co-stimulatory molecules essential for effective T cell priming. One such tactic has been the modification of AML cells to express the B7/CD80 co-stimulatory molecule that binds to CD28 on T cells initiating events that culminate in enhanced cytokine production, proliferation and development of effector functions by T cells. The success of these strategies has been limited by difficulties in attaining sufficient transduction efficiencies and associated high levels of CD80 expression. We demonstrate that these problems can be circumvented by using anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, we show that the synergistic relationship between CD80/CD28 pathway and interleukin 12 cytokine (IL-12), documented in the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) for solid tumours, also applies to AML. CD28/IL-12 synergy facilitated the proliferation of allogeneic T cells in response to stimulation with primary AML blasts. The synergy also favoured generation of a Th1-type immune response, evidenced by gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion and facilitated naive and memory T cell proliferation. Unlike some methods of in vitro T cell expansion, use of CD28/IL-12 synergy left T cells in the physiologically appropriate CD45RA-/CCR7- subsets known to be associated with immediate cytotoxic functions.
OXBOX, a positive transcriptional element of the heart-skeletal muscle ADP/ATP translocator gene (1990)

Three positive transcriptional control regions have been identified in the promoter of the human heart-skeletal muscle adenine nucleotide translocator gene (ANT1). By transfecting promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion constructs into C2C12 myogenic cells, each positive region was found to increase transcription 2-3-fold. The first region spans from -123 to -674 base pairs (bp), the second from -2.6 to -3.1 kilobases, and the third from -3.1 to -8.8 kilobases. Linker-scanning mutants generated using the polymerase chain reaction and modified oligonucleotides have identified the OXBOX (5'-GGCTCTAAAGAGG) as the positive element within the -123 to -674-bp region. This element enhances transcription in muscle cells but not in HeLa cells, suggesting that it is muscle-specific. Gel retardation experiments have revealed a factor from C2C12 cells which specifically binds to a 40-bp piece of the ANT1 promoter containing the OXBOX. Since the OXBOX is also found in the promoter of the human ATP synthase beta subunit gene, it is the first tissue-specific element identified which could coordinately regulate mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation genes.