gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioprocess‐centered molecular design (BMD) for the efficient production of an interfacially active peptide (2004)

The efficient expression and purification of an interfacially active peptide (mLac21) was achieved by using bioprocess-centered molecular design (BMD), wherein key bioprocess considerations are addressed during the initial molecular biology work. The 21 amino acid mLac21 peptide sequence is derived from the lac repressor protein and is shown to have high affinity for the oil-water interface, causing a substantial reduction in interfacial tension following adsorption. The DNA coding for the peptide sequence was cloned into a modified pET-31(b) vector to permit the expression of mLac21 as a fusion to ketosteroid isomerase (KSI). Rational iterative molecular design, taking into account the need for a scaleable bioprocess flowsheet, led to a simple and efficient bioprocess yielding mLac21 at 86% purity following ion exchange chromatography (and >98% following chromatographic polishing). This case study demonstrates that it is possible to produce acceptably pure peptide for potential commodity applications using common scaleable bioprocess unit operations. Moreover, it is shown that BMD is a powerful strategy that can be deployed to reduce bioseparation complexity.
[Capillaroscopy in rheumatoid arthritis]. (1981)

Three capillaroscopic features to be found at the base of nails are recognizable in rheumatoid arthritis. This is in conjunction with the clinical picture, the biological data, and the course of development. In the first, the tissue is transparent, there are many small comma-shaped capillary loops; the second feature is characterized by extreme transparency, pale base and long "hair-pin" loops spread in treillis form over the venular plexus in slow, granular circulation. A third feature recalls from the start a state of collagenosis, because of the inhomogenous opacity of the tissue, the presence of capillary hemorrhage and the irregular appearance of the loops, often of the "megacapillary" variety (I.E. congenital capillary dilatation). This division into three categories determines the character prognosis and treatment. It corresponds histologically to "pulp" biopsy and to the region of glomie arterio-venous anastomosis. There is therefore a real rheumatoid histoangiopathy.
Accelerating the Execution of Matrix Languages on the Cell Broadband Engine Architecture (2010)

Matrix languages, including MATLAB and Octave, are established standards for applications in science and engineering. They provide interactive programming environments that are easy to use due to their script languages with matrix data types. Current implementations of matrix languages do not fully utilize high-performance, special-purpose chip architectures, such as the IBM PowerXCell processor (Cell). We present a new framework that extends Octave to harvest the computational power of the Cell. With this framework, the programmer is alleviated of the burden of introducing explicit notions of parallelism. Instead, the programmer uses a new matrix data type to execute matrix operations in parallel on the synergistic processing elements (SPEs) of the Cell. We employ lazy evaluation semantics for our new matrix data type to obtain execution traces of matrix operations. Traces are converted to data dependence graphs; operations in the data dependence graph are lowered (split into submatrices), scheduled and executed on the SPEs. Thereby, we exploit 1) data parallelism, 2) instruction level parallelism, 3) pipeline parallelism, and 4) task parallelism of matrix language programs. We conducted extensive experiments to show the validity of our approach. Our Cell-based implementation achieves speedups of up to a factor of 12 over code run on recent Intel Core2 Quad processors.
Chitin and chitosan, versatile polysaccharides from marine animals (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChitin and chitosan, versatile polysaccharides from marine animalsNawal K. Mathur and Chander K. Narang Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 11, 938Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 1990Published inissue 1 November 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ed067p938Request reuse permissions Article Views1690Altmetric-Citations165LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection and identification of cyanobacteria associated with toxic blooms: DNA amplification protocols (1996)

AbstractThe cyanobacteria include the oldest dated life forms on Earth. Previously, and still commonly, known as blue-green algae, the cyanobacterial division is immensely diverse, with respect to form and habitat. This has made taxonomic evaluation particularly difficult. Classification is currently based on differences in morphological characters. Greater certainty in identification of separate taxa may be achieved by direct analysis of the genome. The study of microbial ecology and evolution has been greatly facilitated by the introduction of rapid methods for DNA amplification and sequence analysis. We have applied several traditional and novel molecular methods to the study of cyanobacterial systematics and phylogeny. The presented methods have been investigated with respect to their applicability for both inter- and intrageneric classification. The utility of each protocol is reviewed, and an integrated approach to the detection and identification of cyanobacterial taxa is suggested. The polymerase chain reaction–based analyses were also compared to morphological criteria and other recently described molecular tools for studying cyanobacterial diversity.
<i>MYCNOS</i> functions as an antisense RNA regulating <i>MYCN</i> (2015)

Amplification or overexpression of neuronal MYC (MYCN) is associated with poor prognosis of human neuroblastoma. Three isoforms of the MYCN protein have been described as well as a protein encoded by an antisense transcript (MYCNOS) that originates from the opposite strand at the MYCN locus. Recent findings suggest that some antisense long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play a role in epigenetically regulating gene expression. Here we report that MYCNOS transcripts function as a modulator of the MYCN locus, affecting MYCN promoter usage and recruiting various proteins, including the Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein G3BP1, to the upstream MYCN promoter. Overexpression of MYCNOS results in a reduction of upstream MYCN promoter usage and increased MYCN expression, suggesting that the protein-coding MYCNOS also functions as a regulator of MYCN ultimately controlling MYCN transcriptional variants. The observations presented here demonstrate that protein-coding transcripts can regulate gene transcription and can tether regulatory proteins to target loci.
A rule based probabilistic technique for malware code detection (2017)

Security is one of the major concerns in generic computing system which is used in our day to day life to deal with various aspects like education, banking, communication, entertainment etc. Security is obtained to prevent threats that usually affect the end users of other areas as well (like grid computing, cloud computing etc.). Malicious code deployment is the main cause of threat. This paper mainly proposes a novel malicious code detection technique (Rule based probabilistic malware detection (RBPMD)) which provides security in the traditional computing system. In this paper, RBPMD technique follows a rule based probabilistic technique to detect the malicious codes among several codes and warn the other non-infected guest machines about it. A prototype of RBPMD is designed and implemented in this paper. It creates less overhead as well as occupies less storage space compare to other well-known anti-viruses. Its implementation cost is also low compare to others. At last, a comparison analysis of this proposed technique is given with other popular malware detection techniques.
GLP‐1: physiological effects and potential therapeutic applications (2008)

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived incretin hormone with the potential to change diabetes. The physiological effects of GLP-1 are multiple, and many seem to ameliorate the different conditions defining the diverse physiopathology seen in type 2 diabetes. In animal studies, GLP-1 stimulates beta-cell proliferation and neogenesis and inhibits beta-cell apoptosis. In humans, GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon and gastrointestinal secretions and motility. It enhances satiety and reduces food intake and has beneficial effects on cardiovascular function and endothelial dysfunction. Enhancing incretin action for therapeutic use includes GLP-1 receptor agonists resistant to degradation (incretin mimetics) and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors. In clinical trials with type 2 diabetic patients on various oral antidiabetic regimes, both treatment modalities efficaciously improve glycaemic control and beta-cell function. Whereas the incretin mimetics induce weight loss, the DPP-4 inhibitors are considered weight neutral. In type 1 diabetes, treatment with GLP-1 shows promising effects. However, several areas need clinical confirmation: the durability of the weight loss, the ability to preserve functional beta-cell mass and the applicability in other than type 2 diabetes. As such, long-term studies and studies with cardiovascular end-points are needed to confirm the true benefits of these new classes of antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Coronary Artery Flow Velocity Is Related To Lumen Area and Regional Left Ventricular Mass (2000)

Resting coronary artery flow velocity is inversely related to the ratio of lumen area to regional left ventricular mass. Higher resting velocities are found when insufficient lumen size exists for the distal myocardial bed, as occurs with diffuse mild or moderate coronary atherosclerosis.
At the Crossroads of Myocardial Signaling (2004)

Understanding the molecular interactions among components of cardiac Z-discs and their role in signaling has become pivotal in explaining long- and short-term regulation of cardiac function. In striated muscle, the ends of the thin filaments from opposing sarcomeres overlap and are cross-linked by an elaborate array of proteins to form a highly ordered, yet dynamic network that is the Z-disc. We review here a current picture of the function and structure of the Z-disc of mammalian cardiac myocytes. We emphasize provocative findings that advance new theories about the place of cardiac Z-discs in myocardial intra- and intercellular signaling in myocardial physiology and pathology. Relatively new approaches, especially yeast two-hybrid screens, immunoprecipitation, and pull down assays, as well as immunohistochemical analysis have significantly altered previous views of the protein content of the Z-disc. These studies have generally defined domain structure and binding partners for Z-disc proteins, but the functional significance of the binding network and of the domains in cardiac cell biology remains an unfolding story. Yet, even at the present level of understanding, perceptions of potential functions of the Z-disc proteins are expanding greatly and leading to new and exciting experimental approaches toward mechanistic understanding. The theme of the following discussion of these Z-disc proteins centers on their potential to function not only as a physical anchor for myofilament and cytoskeletal proteins, but also as a pivot for reception, transduction, and transmission of mechanical and biochemical signals.
Fairbank's Atlas of General Affections of the Skeleton (1978)

The classic first edition of the<i>Atlas</i>was published a quarter of a century ago by Sir Thomas Fairbank. Until the mid 1960s, it was the premiere atlas for generalized affections of the skeleton. This second edition is a revision that is significantly altered in style and content from the first. It includes detailed descriptions of some difficult and rare disorders and shorter descriptions of conditions familiar to modern orthopedic surgeons, to whom such patients may be referred for opinion. The exclusion of case histories in this edition enhances the atlas format. New is a recognition of the influence of genetics in providing clues to diagnosis and in shaping advice to parents. Each discussion includes reference to inheritance and frequency. Overall, the authors are true to Sir Thomas's original intent, that is, to provide an atlas helping toward the<i>diagnosis</i>of those rare conditions in which there is major skeletal
Using virtual memory to improve cache and tlb performance (1998)

This thesis introduces new operating system policies that use virtual memory to dynamically improve memory system performance. Overall application execution time is increasingly dependent on memory system performance, motivating the development of new techniques for reducing cache and translation lookaside buffer (TLB) miss rates. My thesis is that the operating system can effectively manage cache and TLB resources at runtime on behalf of applications. I develop and evaluate two examples of operating system memory system optimizations. First, I show how the operating system can optimize TLB performance by dynamically constructing superpages. I introduce a policy that analyzes the cause of each TLB miss, and uses this information to selectively create large pages, reducing the TLB miss rate without the increa...
Mycophenolate Mofetil: A Report of the Consensus Panel (1995)

Shaw, Leslie M.; Sollinger, Hans W.; Halloran, Phil; Morris, Randall E.; Yatscoff, Randall W.; Ransom, John; Tsina, Irena; Keown, Paul; Holt, David W.; Lieberman, Ronald; Jaklitsch, Anna; Potter, Julia Author Information
John Aitken (d. 1790) — Grinder or Scholar? (2003)

John Aitken attended the University of Edinburgh between 1763 and 1769 but did not graduate MD. He gained the membership (i.e. fellowship) of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1770, and was for two sessions Senior President of the Royal Medical Society. Between 1771 and 1790 he published numerous books and pamphlets on surgery, medicine, midwifery, anatomy and physiology. As a surgeon at the Royal Infirmary, from 1779, he lectured on most subjects in the medical curriculum. John Struthers was particularly scathing of Aitken's scholarship, and this article attempts to restore Aitken's reputation as a scholar and probably one of the first of the extra-academical lecturers, who taught both anatomy and surgery in Edinburgh from 1779 until his death in 1790.
W Projection: A New Algorithm for Wide Field Imaging with Radio Synthesis Arrays (2005)

We present a novel interpretation of the non-coplanar baselines effect in synthesis radio telescopes as being due to differential Fresnel diffraction in the neighborhood of the array antennas, and a new algorithm to deal with this effect. Our new algorithm, which we call “w projection”, has markedly superior performance compared to existing algorithms. At roughly equivalent levels of accuracy, w-projection can be up to an order of magnitude faster than the corresponding facet-based algorithms. 1. Does W trouble you? The response of a narrow-band phase-tracking interferometer to spatially incoherent radiation from the far field can be expressed by the following relation between the spatial coherence, or ‘visibility’, V (u, v, w), and the spectral intensity, or brightness, I(l,m); V (u, v, w) = ∫ I(l,m) √ 1 − l2 −m2 e √ 1−l2−m2−1)]dldm (1) In this equation, the baseline coordinates, (u, v, w), and direction cosines, (l,m) have their usual definitions. (See for example, Thompson, Moran, & Swenson, 2001.) When the term 2πw( √ 1 − l2 −m2 − 1) is much less than unity, it may be ignored, and a two-dimensional Fourier relationship results. When this term is comparable to or exceeds unity, a two-dimensional Fourier transform cannot be used. The value of this term is roughly:
Brushless reluctance-motor drives (1987)

The variable-reluctance or switched-reluctance motor has some remarkable characteristics that make it attractive for dozens of applications. With CAD software now available, and many prototypes established, there should be few technicalbarriers between the laboratory and a number of successful niches in the drives market
Experimental and Clinical Treatment of Chagas Disease: A Review (2017)

Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan parasite <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> that infects a broad range of triatomines and mammalian species, including man. It afflicts 8 million people in Latin America, and its incidence is increasing in nonendemic countries owing to rising international immigration and nonvectorial transmission routes such as blood donation. Since the 1960s, the only drugs available for the clinical treatment of this infection have been benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox (NFX). Treatment with these trypanocidal drugs is recommended in both the acute and chronic phases of CD. These drugs have low cure rates mainly during the chronic phase, in addition both drugs present side effects that may result in the interruption of the treatment. Thus, more efficient and better-tolerated new drugs or pharmaceutical formulations containing BZ or NFX are urgently needed. Here, we review the drugs currently used for CD chemotherapy, ongoing clinical assays, and most-promising new experimental drugs. In addition, the mechanism of action of the commercially available drugs, NFX and BZ, the biodistribution of the latter, and the potential for novel formulations of BZ based on nanotechnology are discussed. Taken together, the literature emphasizes the urgent need for new therapies for acute and chronic CD.
Asymmetric reduction of ketones by using complexes of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate(III) with 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-mannitol and 1,3:4,6-di-O-benzylidene-D-mannitol (1977)

The use of chiral diols each containing a two-fold axis of symmetry to achieve asymmetric reductions of some ketones with metal hydrides is described. The symmetry of these complexes simplifies interpretation of the observed enantioselectivity.
A study on optimal coil configurations in a split-type superconducting MRI magnet (1999)

Optimal coil configurations in a split-type superconducting MRI magnet have been investigated, and the feasibility of the compact and high performance magnet is presented. A highly homogeneous magnetic field of about 10 ppm/50 cm diameter spherical volume (DSV) is attainable by eliminating error fields of higher orders and, moreover, the radius of the outermost coil can be reduced to about 70 percent of that of the magnet with positive current simply by alternately arranging coils with positive and negative currents.
Component Replacement Analysis For Electricity Distribution Systems Using Evolutionary Algorithms (2010)

The main objective of the electric power grid is to supply economical and reliable electricity to industrial, commercial, household, transportation, and other end-users, including agricultural, educational institutions and hospitals. The power system is a very large and complex network consisting of generation, transmission, and distribution systems. The main focus of the present research is in the area of power distribution systems. Almost all the areas of the power grid uses simpler radial distribution systems to distribute electricity to the end consumer, it is the final and therefore vital link between the consumer and the rest of the power grid. Therefore it is very important to have a very robust, economical and reliable power distribution system. In this research, a new model is developed to determine optimal replacement policy for the components involved in power distribution system. The model considers two different types of potential decisions to be made at the beginning of each planning period, either to keep the component in the system for one more planning period or to replace it with a new component. The main objective of this algorithm is to obtain an optimal replacement schedule over a finite time horizon subject to annual budget constraints. Genetic algorithm is used to solve this model and is applied to two different radial configurations which are commonly used by the power industries.
LEDs based on poly(<i>p</i>‐phenylenevinylene) and polyimide LB films (1995)

Highly ordered organic thin films with well defined film thicknesses produced using the Langmuir‐Blodgett technique can employed in the fabrication of ultra‐thin heterostructure devices. Heterostructure LEDs have been shown to exhibit superior performance characteristics. Recent progress is reviewed.
Terahertz conductivity of anisotropic single walled carbon nanotube films (2002)

Absorption and dispersion of singlewalled carbon nanotube films were measured using an optoelectronic THz beam system for THz time-domain spectroscopy. The anisotropically aligned nanotube films were prepared through simple mechanical squeezing with a bar coater. The angle-dependent absorption and dispersion values were then measured. Results indicate that the index of refraction decreases with increasing frequency (0.1–0.8 THz), whereas the real conductivity increases with increasing frequency. The real conductivity measured is not congruent with the simple Drude model, but it follows a Maxwell–Garnett model, where the nanotubes are embedded in a dielectric host.
A high‐throughput inducible RNAi vector for plants (2005)

We describe here a vector system that allows dexamethasone-inducible RNAi against plant genes. The system utilizes a modified pHELLSGATE vector, under the control of the pOp6 promoter, and the synthetic transcription factor, LhGR. We demonstrate that the production of RNAi-inducing hairpin RNA from this system can be regulated by the application and removal of dexamethasone. Silencing of a target gene encoding phytoene desaturase was highly effective 24 h after application of dexamethasone. In the presence of the hormone silencing was maintained for at least 5 days while removal of the inducer resulted in significant recovery within 24 h. A transgene encoding luciferase was silenced with similar speed and efficiency following application of dexamethasone but unlike phytoene desaturase, mRNA levels did not recover within 10 days after dexamethasone was removed. Insertion of target gene sequences into this vector is mediated by Gateway recombination, facilitating its use for high-throughput applications, such as gene discovery or validation. The inducibility of RNAi from this system may be useful in helping to identify the functions of genes which when constitutively silenced give embryo lethality or pleiotropic phenotypes. A modified version of this system may also be used for tissue-specific hairpin RNA expression.
Macromolecular crystallography with synchrotron radiation: photographic data collection and polarization correction (1982)

The design and operation of a focusing camera for high-resolution macromolecular crystallography with synchrotron radiation (SR) are described. The performance of this service-oriented instrument is evaluated on the basis of five years of use. Standard procedures for data collection, data processing and data reduction have been modified to take unusual features of the SR source into account; the effect of polarization is thoroughly discussed.