gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary addition of seaweed and licorice on the immune performance of pigs (2010)

In pig production, dietary additive antibiotics are usually used for growth stimulation and disease prevention, although there is public concern about the increased incidence of resistant antibiotics and food safety. It is possible that such antibiotics might be replaced by naturally derived products such as seaweed and licorice. In this study, we evaluated the effect of dietary addition of seaweed and licorice on enhancing the immune function in swine. The animals of each group (eight animals per group) were sensitized at day 42 and 49, and the immunoglobulin production and the expression of cytokines were detected by the ELISA and real-time PCR. As the results, saliva IgA production of the seaweed-treated group increased around five times compared to that of control (day 56). Delayed hypersensitivity reaction and IgG production of the seaweed-treated group increased around 1.8-2.0 times. In addition, enhanced saliva IgA production was detected at day 50 (around two times) and day 51 (around five times) by the licorice treatment, and lower expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α messenger RNA at day 51 (around 1/25) was observed in the licorice treatment. We conclude that the replacement of antibiotics by naturally derived dietary additives might be feasible for immune system enhancement.
Marrow transplantation in the treatment of murine hereditary diseases. (1988)

The prospects for analysing the curative potential of mutant stem cells following transfection with wild type genes is severely limited by the number of available animal models that fulfil all the requirements. Appropriate models must have the following characteristics: (1) the wild type stem cells are capable of providing a long-term cure of the mutant; (2) the primary product of the mutated gene is known; (3) the wild type allele is cloned; and (4) the normal gene is capable of being reinserted into mutant bone marrow stem cells where it continues to function when the cells are returned to the mutant environment. My object in this paper is to review stem cell transplantation in Mus musculus with hereditary anomalies, thus identifying the mutant mice that fulfil the first criterion and are potential models for future gene transfection studies.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome: Influencing Therapeutic Potential by Cellular Pre-conditioning (2018)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are self-renewing, culture-expandable adult stem cells that have been isolated from a variety of tissues, and possess multipotent differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory properties, and are relatively non-immunogenic. Due to this unique set of characteristics, these cells have attracted great interest in the field of regenerative medicine and have been shown to possess pronounced therapeutic potential in many different pathologies. MSCs' mode of action involves a strong paracrine component resulting from the high levels of bioactive molecules they secrete in response to the local microenvironment. For this reason, MSCs' secretome is currently being explored in several clinical contexts, either using MSC-conditioned media (CM) or purified MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to modulate tissue response to a wide array of injuries. Rather than being a constant mixture of molecular factors, MSCs' secretome is known to be dependent on the diverse stimuli present in the microenvironment that MSCs encounter. As such, the composition of the MSCs' secretome can be modulated by preconditioning the MSCs during <i>in vitro</i> culture. This manuscript reviews the existent literature on how preconditioning of MSCs affects the therapeutic potential of their secretome, focusing on MSCs' immunomodulatory and regenerative features, thereby providing new insights for the therapeutic use of MSCs' secretome.
Altered retinal metabolism in diabetes. II. Measurement of sodium-potassium ATPase and total sodium and potassium in individual retinal layers. (1986)

Pathological changes in retinas of diabetics include specific morphological, biochemical, and functional abnormalities. As biochemical manifestations of the disease, increased sorbitol and decreased myo-inositol were found in retinas of experimentally diabetic animals. Similar alterations in polyol metabolism have been associated in nerves of diabetics with a reduction of Na+-K+-ATPase activity. To determine whether this association extends to the retinas of diabetic animals, we applied quantitative histochemical techniques to measure ATPase activities and the amounts of sodium and potassium in samples from nine individual layers of cryostat sections of rabbit retina. ATPase activities were determined fluorimetrically, and the ions were measured by atomic absorption with a carbon rod atomizer. The activity of Na+-K+-ATPase was reduced in the retinal pigmented epithelium (retinal pigment epithelium) and in selected layers of the neural retina, and total sodium in the retinal pigment epithelium layer was elevated in diabetes. The retinal pigment epithelium forms the outer component of the blood-retinal barrier and partly determines the composition of the retinal interstitial fluid. Changes in retinal pigment epithelium biochemistry and function might alter the intraretinal environment, predisposing neural retina or retinal blood vessels to disease. The morphologically and functionally well defined retinal pigment epithelium may provide a useful model for studying the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.
Overexpression of p27 <sup>Kip1</sup> lengthens the G <sub>1</sub> phase in a mouse model that targets inducible gene expression to central nervous system progenitor cells (2001)

We describe a mouse model in which p27(Kip1) transgene expression is spatially restricted to the central nervous system neuroepithelium and temporally controlled with doxycycline. Transgene-specific transcripts are detectable within 6 h of doxycycline administration, and maximum nonlethal expression is approached within 12 h. After 18-26 h of transgene expression, the G(1) phase of the cell cycle is estimated to increase from 9 to 13 h in the neocortical neuroepithelium, the maximum G(1) phase length attainable in this proliferative population in normal mice. Thus our data establish a direct link between p27(Kip1) and control of G(1) phase length in the mammalian central nervous system and unveil intrinsic mechanisms that constrain the G(1) phase length to a putative physiological maximum despite ongoing p27(Kip1) transgene expression.
A Software Framework for Mapping Neural Networks to a Wafer-scale Neuromorphic Hardware System (2010)

In this contribution we will provide the reader with outcomes of the development of a novel software framework for an unique wafer-scale neuromorphic hardware system. The hardware system is described in an abstract manner, followed by its software framework which is in the focus of this paper. We then introduce the benchmarks applied for process evaluation and provide examples of the achieved results.
Hypoxia Induces Tumor Aggressiveness and the Expansion of CD133-Positive Cells in a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α-Dependent Manner in Pancreatic Cancer Cells (2011)

Hypoxia induces tumor aggressiveness associated with the expansion of CD133+ pancreatic cancer cells in a predominantly HIF-1α-dependent manner.
Steam pretreatment of Salix with and without SO2 impregnation for production of bioethanol. (2005)

In the wood-to-ethanol process, pretreatment of the material is necessary prior to enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain high overall yields of sugar and ethanol. Steam pretreatment of fast-growing Salix either with or without SO2 impregnation has been investigated by varying different parameters. Overall glucose yields of above 90% and overall xylose yields higher than 80% were obtained both with and without impregnation. However, the most favorable pretreatment conditions for the separate yields of glucose and xylose differed to a lower degree using SO2-impregnated wood chips, resulting in higher total sugar yield than that obtained with non-impregnated wood chips.
Biosupported Bimetallic Pd–Au Nanocatalysts for Dechlorination of Environmental Contaminants (2011)

Biologically produced monometallic palladium nanoparticles (bio-Pd) have been shown to catalyze the dehalogenation of environmental contaminants, but fail to efficiently catalyze the degradation of other important recalcitrant halogenated compounds. This study represents the first report of biologically produced bimetallic Pd/Au nanoparticle catalysts. The obtained catalysts were tested for the dechlorination of diclofenac and trichlorethylene. When aqueous bivalent Pd(II) and trivalent Au(III) ions were both added to concentrations of 50 mg L(-1) and reduced simultaneously by Shewanella oneidensis in the presence of H(2), the resulting cell-associated bimetallic nanoparticles (bio-Pd/Au) were able to dehalogenate 78% of the initially added diclofenac after 24 h; in comparison, no dehalogenation was observed using monometallic bio-Pd or bio-Au. Other catalyst-synthesis strategies did not show improved dehalogenation of TCE and diclofenac compared with bio-Pd. Synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction, (scanning) transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that the simultaneous reduction of Pd and Au supported on cells of S. oneidensis resulted in the formation of a unique bimetallic crystalline structure. This study demonstrates that the catalytic activity and functionality of possibly environmentally more benign biosupported Pd-catalysts can be improved by coprecipitation with Au.
Onboard stationkeeping of geosynchronous satellite using a global positioning system receiver (1994)

Many space missions are considering the use of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver as a means of onboard ephemeris determination due to its portability, accuracy, and low cost. A feasibility study of onboard Stationkeeping using a GPS receiver has been performed. This paper describes three strategies for onboard Stationkeeping utilizing onboard GPS measurements. Algorithms are developed and accuracies of orbit control are assessed based on proposed strategies and covariance analysis. Although this study is focused on the application to geosynchronous satellites, the same technique applies to other missions with circular orbits. The innovative strategy of formation keeping a satellite with a fictitious satellite whose ephemeris is predetermined can significantly improve the long-term prediction accuracy without ground support. Results of simulations show that the maximum deviations from a predetermined ephemeris range from less than 0.1 km to 0.3 km dependent on onboard hardware/software options.
Experimental transient analysis of the tunnel current in EEPROM cells (1990)

Since the cell is written with a ramp waveform pulse in order to minimize the maximum tunnel current in actual device operation, the measurements were performed with ramp waveform writing pulses at different ramp speeds. The kind of information obtained from the transient analysis greatly improves the understanding of the device physics. By measuring tunnel current, some expected results, such as the dependence of the maximum current value on the ramp speed, were observed. Some unexpected results, such as an anomalous peak during the erasing operation and the influence of the ramp speed on the conduction properties of the thin oxide, which is shown by the Fowler-Nordheim plot of the experimental tunnel current, were also observed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amino‐Substituted Dodecahedranes, Secododecahedranes, and Homododecahedranes and Their Antiviral Relationship to 1‐Aminoadamantane. (1989)

Abstract The formylsecododecahedrane (I) reacts with trimethylsilyl azide (II) to give the azidomethyl derivative (III) which is converted into the amine hydrochloride (IV) by reduction and treatment with gaseous hydrogen chloride.
Real-time container position estimation method using stereo vision for container auto-landing system (2010)

This paper presents a new method for container auto-landing system using stereo vision. The position estimation of the spreader is very important for improving the operating efficiency of the port. A central problem in estimation of container position is that it is difficult to satisfy both the computation time problem and accuracy at the same time. To resolve this problem, we propose detection of container and estimation of distance from container to spreader using stereo vision. First, we extract region of container based on features in given a pair of stereo images. We detect lines of a container using Hough transform for extraction of morphological features. Then we extract candidate regions using crossing angle of straight lines. We segment the region of container using gray-labeling and perform experimental verification of geometric features. After that we match region of container based on area-based stereo matching approach. Through the process mentioned above, we get information of container position, a centroid, and a degree of slope. The performance of proposed method is verified on experimental results using container miniature which has size about 1/20 of the real one.
A Select Bibliography of Music in Africa. L. J. P. Gaskin, compiler, under the direction of K. P. Wachsmann. (International African Institute, 10/11 Fetter Lane, London, 1965.) (African Bibliography Series B.) 83 pp. (1967)

A Select Bibliography of Music in Africa. L. J. P. Gaskin, compiler, under the direction of K. P. Wachsmann. (International African Institute, 10/11 Fetter Lane, London, 1965.) (African Bibliography Series B.) 83 pp. - Volume 19
<i>CLAVATA1</i> Dominant-Negative Alleles Reveal Functional Overlap between Multiple Receptor Kinases That Regulate Meristem and Organ Development (2003)

The CLAVATA1 (CLV1) receptor kinase controls stem cell number and differentiation at the Arabidopsis shoot and flower meristems. Other components of the CLV1 signaling pathway include the secreted putative ligand CLV3 and the receptor-like protein CLV2. We report evidence indicating that all intermediate and strong clv1 alleles are dominant negative and likely interfere with the activity of unknown receptor kinase(s) that have functional overlap with CLV1. clv1 dominant-negative alleles show major differences from dominant-negative alleles characterized to date in animal receptor kinase signaling systems, including the lack of a dominant-negative effect of kinase domain truncation and the ability of missense mutations in the extracellular domain to act in a dominant-negative manner. We analyzed chimeric receptor kinases by fusing CLV1 and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) coding sequences and expressing these in clv1 null backgrounds. Constructs containing the CLV1 extracellular domain and the BRI1 kinase domain were strongly dominant negative in the regulation of meristem development. Furthermore, we show that CLV1 expressed within the pedicel can partially replace the function of the ERECTA receptor kinase. We propose the presence of multiple receptors that regulate meristem development in a functionally related manner whose interactions are driven by the extracellular domains and whose activation requires the kinase domain.
Desarrollo del lenguaje oral en alumnos con retraso mental leve de primer grado (2005)

espanolEl presente trabajo parte de los resultados obtenidos en un estudio realizado en la escuela especial para alumnos con retraso mental del municipio San Luis para valorar la preparacion de estos en la vida adulta independiente, con el objetivo de conocer las caracteristicas del desarrollo del lenguaje oral de los alumnos con retraso mental leve de primer grado. EnglishThis article begins with the results obtained in a study carried out in the special school for students with mental retardation of San Luis municipality in order to value the students’ preparation in the independent adult life, with the objective of knowing the characteristics of the development of the oral language of the mentally 1st degree mild retarded students.
The Bighorn No. 1-5: A 25,000-ft Precambrian Test in Central Wyoming (1989)

Summary Between Oct. 1983 and Aug. 1985, Monsanto Oil Co. drilled a 24,877-ft [7583-m] -deep well on the Madden anticline in Wyoming's Wind River basin to evaluate the unexplored potential below the 17,000-ft [5182-m] -deep Cretaceous Cody formation. Three casing strings from surface and four liners were run, including a record depth and weight 16-in. [40.6-cm] string. The well tested at 20 MMcf/D [566 × 103 m3/d] with minimal drawdown from the Mississippian Age Madison formation at 23,800 ft [7254 m].
The Prognostic Significance of Lymph Node Metastases After Preoperative Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (1989)

We compared the prognostic value of surgical lymph node staging after preoperative chemotherapy relative to other patient and tumor variables in 136 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (T3-4 and/or N2-3) who received preoperative chemotherapy followed by mastectomy and axillary dissection as part of a prospective protocol. Univariate analysis revealed that the number of metastatic lymph nodes, clinical tumor stage at presentation, clinical and pathologic response, and menopause status were significant variables associated with survival and disease-free survival, but clinical node stage at presentation and estrogen receptor status were not. The number of metastatic lymph nodes had more prognostic value than the other factors, and when evaluated by multivariate regression, surgical node staging added significantly more information to the remaining variables. Surgical staging is an important component of treatment for patients with breast cancer undergoing preoperative chemotherapy because it can provide an accurate and quantitative method for subgrouping patients with different survival rates and it can be used to compare results between preoperative chemotherapy trials.
Diameter Congestion and Filter Attributes (2015)

This document defines optional Diameter attributes that can be used to help manage networks that use Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) or Diameter traffic filters. These new attributes allow for improved data traffic identification, support of ECN, and minimal Diameter filter administration.
Acoustic generation in liquid crystals (1999)

In this letter, we report on the acoustic emission from liquid crystals during the electric switching of these materials. The initial observation of the sound was in a bistable nematic liquid crystal. This investigation revealed that a faint, but audible, sound is generated when a liquid crystal is switched from one state to another. We have undertaken a systematic study to investigate the origin of acoustic generation in these materials. By investigating the intensity and frequency of the sound emission, we have concluded that the sound originates as a result of molecular motion, which results in the excitation of the cavity containing the liquid crystal.
Heterogeneous glioblastoma cell cross-talk promotes phenotype alterations and enhanced drug resistance (2015)

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most lethal of brain cancer, and it comprises a heterogeneous mixture of functionally distinct cancer cells that affect tumor progression. We examined the U87, U251, and U373 malignant cell lines as in vitro models to determine the impact of cellular cross-talk on their phenotypic alterations in co-cultures. These cells were also studied at the transcriptome level, to define the mechanisms of their observed mutually affected genomic stability, proliferation, invasion and resistance to temozolomide. This is the first direct demonstration of the neural and mesenchymal molecular fingerprints of U87 and U373 cells, respectively. U87-cell conditioned medium lowered the genomic stability of U373 (U251) cells, without affecting cell proliferation. In contrast, upon exposure of U87 cells to U373 (U251) conditioned medium, U87 cells showed increased genomic stability, decreased proliferation rates and increased invasion, due to a plethora of produced cytokines identified in the co-culture media. This cross talk altered the expression 264 genes in U87 cells that are associated with proliferation, inflammation, migration, and adhesion, and 221 genes in U373 cells that are associated with apoptosis, the cell cycle, cell differentiation and migration. Indirect and direct co-culturing of U87 and U373 cells showed mutually opposite effects on temozolomide resistance. In conclusion, definition of transcriptional alterations of distinct glioblastoma cells upon co-culturing provides better understanding of the mechanisms of glioblastoma heterogeneity, which will provide the basis for more informed glioma treatment in the future.
2,6-Bis(phenylethynyl)biphenyls and Their Cyclization to Pyrenes (2012)

We present a new protocol for pyrene synthesis via transition-metal cross-couplings. The initially prepared 2,6-bis(phenylethynyl)biphenyls were transformed to pyrenes with uncommon 4,10-disubstitution through an electrophilic cyclization. The precursors were synthesized by Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling, which provides 2,6-dibromobiphenyls; these were subsequently coupled with phenylethynyl derivatives via Kumada cross-coupling.
Biotechnological Production of Vitamins (2006)

Vitamins are defined as essential micronutrients that are required in trace quantity and cannot be synthesized by mammals. Apart from their in vivo nutritional and physiological roles as growth factors for men, animals, plants and microorganisms, vitamins are now being increasingly introduced as food/feed additives, as medical-therapeutic agents, as health aids, and also as technical aids. Production of vitamins by chemical synthesis, or extraction from their known sources has serious disadvantages. This led to an increased interest in substituting these processes with biotechnological processes. For several of these compounds microbiological and algal processes exist, or are rapidly emerging. Different methods like media optimization, mutation and screening, genetic engineering and biocatalyst conversion have been used for improvement of the production of vitamins. The survey describes the current state of vitamin production by biotechnological processes and their significance, as compared to the existing chemical processes.
Suppression of Oxidation-Induced Stacking Fault Formation in Silicon by High Pressure Steam Oxidation (1978)

Suppression of oxidation-induced stacking fault (OSF) formation in silicon was investigated using a high pressure steam oxidation system. The OSF length and density could be significantly reduced by the high pressure steam oxidation compared with the conventional wet oxidation at atmospheric pressure. The length of OSF was found to be proportional to the grown oxide thickness for both oxidations.
Separation of highly unsaturated triacylglycerols by reversed phase HPLC with short wavelength UV detection (1992)

Abstract Reversed phase HPLC with short wavelength UV detection is a useful alternative to conventional separation systems, with RI detection, for the analysis of the triacylglycerols of highly unsaturated vegetable oils, including γ‐linolenic acid‐containing oils and technical drying oils. γ‐Linolenic acid‐containing triacylglycerols can be identified and separated from their α‐linolenic analogs. The triacylglycerol fingerprints obtained by this technique from many γ‐linolenic acid‐containing oils and technical oils are highly characteristic, as is apparent from chromatograms obtained from the seed oils of Oenothera biennis, Borago officinalis, Ribes nigrum, Primula florindae , and Sapium sebiferum . Characteristic peak area ratios aid the identification of these oils, and estolide peaks are seen in Sapium seed kernel oils. The high detector response for triacylglycerols containing linoleate and/or linolenate residues may present additional advantages, e.g. in the detection of such triacylglycerols in olive oil.