gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Flow Around the Scallops of a Mixed-Flow Turbine and Its Effect on Efficiency (2007)

Automotive turbocharger radial inflow turbines are required to have both a high efficiency and a low inertia. In many cases this favours the use of a mixed-flow design. The inertia is minimised by scalloping the back-face, which removes a significant amount of material from the highest radius region of the hub. However, there is a concern that, for a mixed-flow geometry, the presence of a scallop introduces a forward-facing step to the inducer flow. This gives rise to the potential for an additional loss mechanism in the impeller. Two variants of a mixed-flow design, one having scallops and the other without, have been tested in a steady-state rig. The performance deltas are compared against the CFD representations. In reality there is the additional complexity of pulsing inlet conditions due to the operation of the exhaust valves of the piston engine. This causes severe variations in the inducer flow field. To assess whether the presence of a scallop might impair performance in an engine installation, a number of off-design CFD comparisons have been carried out using boundary conditions from a transient model covering a pulsing cycle.
Hepatosplenic T‐cell lymphomas and therapy with TNF‐α‐blocking biologics: a risk for psoriasis patients? (2009)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonists have considerably improved the therapeutic approach to chronic inflammatory disorders including psoriasis vulgaris. Recently, some cases of highly aggressive hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) have developed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) being treated with infliximab or adalimumab. Analysis of the published data suggests that the emergence of HSTCL is favored by the combination of purine analogues and infliximab or adalimumab in the therapy of a granulomatous inflammation involving Vdelta1(+)gammadelta T cells. Because psoriasis vulgaris is different from IBD in regard to the type of inflammation, the concomitant therapies used and the tissue-specific subsets of gammadelta T cells, the use of infliximab or adalimumab in psoriasis may not necessarily be associated with an increase in the risk of HSTCL.
DIFFUSION OF ACID DYES IN SILK (1978)

The penetration of acid dyes in silk fibroin gut with circular cross section was studied. The dye penetration coefficient (p) was determined by measuring the penetration distance (X) in dyed gut section by means of a microspectrophotometer using the following equation, where t is the dyeing time.The results obtained were as follows:(1) The penetration distance was proportionate to the square root of dyeing time except for prolonged dyeing.(2) The penetration distance was affected remarkably by dyeing temperature, and also was very much dependent on dye species. However, in the apparent activation energy of penetration, there was no large difference among the dyes giving 6-8kcal/mol.(3) The penetration coefficients of A. Orange 7, A. Food Yellow 3 and A. Red 18 increased with the decrease in dye-bath pH, but the coefficient of A. Red 88 remained unchanged. The penetration coefficient of A. Red 18 increased with the dye concentration in the dye-bath.(4) For dyes having the same sulphonic acid group number, the penetration coefficients decreased with increasing molecular weight or the number of atoms, or with decreasing inorganic/organic ratio of the dyes.Comparison of the penetration coefficients of the dyes with the same bone structure, indicated that the coefficient decreased with the number of sulphonic acid groups, the extent of which were much different for pH above or below 4.0.(5) If great care is taken in uniform thickness of cross sections, it was found possible to obtain the diffusion coefficient D(c) through this experimental technique. The diffusion coefficient of A. Red 18 was observed to be dependent on dye concentration within the gut.
One step high quality poly(dimethylsiloxane)-hydrocarbon plastics bonding (2012)

In this paper, one-step air plasma treatment is successfully used for poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)-plastic chip bonding. The technique is green, cheap, and requires no other reagent other than air. Hydrocarbon plastics: polystyrene (PS), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), and polypropylene (PP) have all been successfully bonded to PDMS irreversibly. The corresponding compressed air resistances are measured to be around 500 kPa for PDMS-PS, PDMS-COC, and PDMS-PP hybrid chips. The bondings are also of good quality even after storage under different temperatures and subject to solutions from acid to base.
3D thin film Guanella-balun (2012)

This paper describes modelling and design of a thin film balun, which can also incorporate a magnetic nanocomposite core. Even without having the magnetic core the novel thin film balun has outstanding properties: the operating bandwidth extends from 0,5 GHz to 12 GHz and the size is very compact. After discussing theoretical limitations of the bandwidth of the Guanella-balun, a two wire thin film transmission line is investigated as a building block with respect to its usability in a wideband balun and then optimized. The design of the balun is presented and simulation results are given. A balun having no magnetic core is manufactured and measurement results are presented.
Phenotypic and genetic diversity of chlorine-resistant Methylobacterium strains isolated from various environments (1995)

Strains of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs which were isolated previously from various environments and assigned tentatively to the genus Methylobacterium were characterized in comparison with authentic strains of previously known species of this genus. Most of the isolates derived from chlorinated water supplies exhibited resistance to chlorine, whereas 29 to 40% of the isolates from air, natural aquatic environments, and clinical materials were chlorine resistant. None of the tested authentic strains of Methylobacterium species obtained from culture collections exhibited chlorine resistance. Numerical analysis of phenotypic profiles showed that the test organisms tested were separated from each other except M. organophilum and M. rhodesianum. The chlorine-resistant isolates were randomly distributed among all clusters. The 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence-based phylogenetic analyses showed that representatives of the isolates together with known Methylobacterium species formed a line of descent distinct from that of members of related genera in the alpha-2 subclass of the Proteobacteria and were divided into three subclusters within the Methylobacterium group. These results demonstrate that there is phenotypic and genetic diversity among chlorine-resistant Methylobacterium strains within the genus.
Central venous access sites for the prevention of venous thrombosis, stenosis and infection (2012)

Subclavian and internal jugular CVA routes have similar risks for catheter-related complications in long-term catheterization in cancer patients. Subclavian CVA is preferable to femoral CVA in short-term catheterization because of lower risks of catheter colonization and thrombotic complications. In short-term haemodialysis catheterization, femoral and internal jugular CVA routes have similar risks for catheter-related complications except internal jugular CVA routes are associated with higher risks of mechanical complications.
Sizing Up the Uncultivated Majority (2007)

Coupling the identity of microbes withtheir activity in the environment re-mains an important gap in our abilityto explore microbial ecology. The develop-ment of techniques to quantify the metabolicactivity of single microbial cells has been espe-cially challenging, mostly due to their smallsize. Microbiologists are therefore excitedabout a new high-resolution imaging methodcalled multi-isotope imaging mass spectro-metry (MIMS) or nanoSIMS, which can helpdecipher what individual microbes are “doing”in the environment.
Analysis and comparison of secondary series- and parallel-compensated IPT systems (2013)

Secondary series and parallel compensations are widely used in inductive power transfer (IPT) system for different circuit requirements. The compensations are often studied for some isolated constrains of maximum power transfer, optimal efficiency at a particular loading condition, etc., leaving little information for engineers in selecting between the two compensation techniques to be used as a voltage converter with optimal efficiency at various loading conditions. This paper studies the characteristics of the IPT system at different frequencies of operations utilizing the two compensation techniques to work as a voltage converter. The frequencies that can provide optimal efficiency of operation, load-independent voltage-transfer ratio are of interested. Theoretical operating frequencies for maximal efficiency of operation and load-independent voltage-transfer ratio are explored, looking for some practical power-conversion-efficient and load-independent operating frequencies. The frequencies interested for the two compensation techniques are found and compared to facilitate the design of voltage converter with efficient power conversion and load-independent frequency of operation. The analysis is supported with experimental results.
Latchup-Like Failure of Power-Rail ESD Clamp Circuits in CMOS Integrated Circuits Under System-Level ESD Test (2007)

Two different on-chip power-rail electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuits, (1) with NMOS and PMOS feedback; and (2) with cascaded PMOS feedback, have been designed and fabricated in a 0.18 mum CMOS technology to investigate their susceptibility to system-level ESD test. The main purpose for adopting the feedback loop into the power-rail ESD clamp circuits is to avoid the false triggering during a fast power-up operation. However, during the system-level ESD test, where the ICs in a microelectronics system have been powered up, the feedback loop used in the power-rail ESD clamp circuit provides the lock function to keep the main ESD device in a "latch-on" state. The latch-on ESD device, which is often designed with a larger device dimension to sustain high ESD level, conducts a huge current between the power lines to perform a latchup-like failure after the system-level ESD test. The susceptibility of power-rail ESD clamp circuits with the additional board-level noise filter to the system-level ESD test is also investigated. To meet high system-level ESD specifications, the chip-level ESD protection design should be considered with the transient noise during system-level ESD stress.
A Good Manufacturing Practice procedure to engineer donor virus-specific T cells into potent anti-leukemic effector cells (2013)

A sequential, two-step procedure in which T-cell-depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation is followed by treatment with donor lymphocyte infusion at 6 months can significantly reduce the risk and severity of graft-versus-host disease, with postponed induction of the beneficial graft-versus-leukemia effect. However, patients with high-risk leukemia have a substantial risk of relapse early after transplantation, at a time when administration of donor lymphocytes has a high likelihood of resulting in graft-versus-host disease, disturbing a favorable balance between the graft-versus-leukemia effect and graft-versus-host disease. New therapeutic modalities are, therefore, required to allow early administration of T cells capable of exerting a graft-versus-leukemia effect without causing graft-versus-host disease. Here we describe the isolation of virus-specific T cells using Streptamer-based isolation technology and subsequent transfer of the minor histocompatibility antigen HA-1-specific T-cell receptor using retroviral vectors. Isolation of virus-specific T cells and subsequent transduction with HA-1-T-cell receptor resulted in rapid in vitro generation of highly pure, dual-specific T cells with potent anti-leukemic reactivity. Due to the short production procedure of only 10-14 days and the defined specificity of the T cells, administration of virus-specific T cells transduced with the HA-1-T-cell receptor as early as 8 weeks after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is feasible. (This clinical trial is registered at www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu as EudraCT number 2010-024625-20).
Towards robustness to fast speech in ASR (2002)

Psychoacoustic studies show that human listeners are sensitive to speaking rate variations. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are even more affected by the changes in rate, as double to quadruple word recognition error rates of average speakers have been observed for fast speakers on many ASR systems. In our earlier work (see Proceedings of EUROSPEECH95, p.491-4, 1995), we studied the causes of higher error and concluded that both the acoustic-phonetic and the phonological differences are sources of higher word error rates. In this work, we have studied various measures for quantifying rate of speech (ROS) and used simple methods for estimating the speaking rate of a novel utterance using ASR technology. We have also implemented mechanisms that make our ASR system more robust to fast speech. Using our ROS estimator to identify fast sentences in the test set, our rate-dependent system has 24.5% fewer errors on the fastest sentences and 6.2% fewer errors on all sentences of the WSJ93 evaluation set relative to the baseline HMM/MLP system.
The formation and characterization of sustainable layered films incorporating microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) (2012)

Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), TEMPO-pretreated MFC, and hybrid polymer/MFC mix were used for the production of layered films with interesting properties for application in food packaging. The series of samples were prepared from MFC (base layers) using a dispersion-casting method. The same procedure as well as a bar coating technique was applied to form top layers of different basis weights. The barrier properties and formation of the layered films were investigated in relationship to the preparation procedures, combination of layers, and areal weight (basis weight). Characterization was done with respect to oxygen transmission rates (OTR), water vapor transmission rates (WVTR), tensile properties, and contact angles (CA) with water. The produced layered films yielded OTR values of 4 mL m-2 day-1 and fulfilled oxygen barrier requirements for a modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Hornification of the MFC films, however, occurred during drying, which may result in a loss of the film’s beneficial properties.
Conductivity detection in capillary electrophoresis--a powerful tool in ion analysis. (1997)

Conductivity detection in CE has recently become available in a commercial CE instrument. The new conductivity cell is based on an end-capillary concept. The conductivity sensor and the detection end of the fused-silica capillary are permanently encapsulated in two individually modified coupling connectors (ConTip, ConCap [both from Orion Research, Boston, MA, U.S.A.]). This open-architecture cell permits interchangeability of sensors and capillaries, while maintaining a precisely defined detection volume between those two components when inserted into the detector cell block. The detector's performance is evaluated for sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility using low-mobility electrolytes. Electropherograms comprising a variety of ionic class separations including inorganic and organic anions, organic surfactants, alkali metals, alkaline earths, transition metals, and organic amines are shown along with separations of actual samples.
Prevention of reoccluding platelet-rich thrombi in canine femoral arteries with a novel peptide antagonist of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors. (1989)

The composition of an evolving arterial thrombus may be a determinant of how effectively pharmacologic agents prevent reocclusion after initially successful thrombolysis. In this study, reoccluding platelet- or fibrin-rich thrombi as delineated by scanning electron microscopy were produced selectively in the femoral arteries of dogs with the use of electrically induced vascular injury or implantation of copper wire, respectively. Initial thrombolysis after intravenous infusion of tissue-type plasminogen activator (1 mg/kg over 30 minutes) was less frequent in the preparation producing platelet-rich thrombi than in that producing fibrin-rich thrombi (lysis in 19 of 24 versus 18 of 18, p = 0.06). In dogs with initial arterial recanalization, intravenous infusion of arginine-glycine-aspartate-O-methyltyrosine amide (RGDY), which competes with fibrinogen for binding to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors, prevented reocclusion caused by recurrence of platelet-rich thrombi in six of six dogs within 90 minutes; reocclusion occurred in five of seven saline-infused control dogs (p = 0.02). RGDY was only partially effective in preventing reocclusion caused by recurrence of fibrin-rich thrombi (reocclusion in three of six versus five of six controls, p = 0.54). Similar results were obtained with aspirin in both preparations. At least 98% of platelet aggregation induced ex vivo by collagen was inhibited by either RGDY or aspirin. In contrast with aspirin, however, platelet function returned to normal within 1 hour after discontinuation of RGDY. Thus, the relative proportions of platelets or fibrin incorporated into thrombi influence the efficacy of both tissue-type plasminogen activator for inducing thrombolysis and antiplatelet agents for preventing reocclusion. RGDY is a potent, short-acting inhibitor of platelet aggregation that effectively prevents reocclusion under conditions in which platelet deposition predominates.
Orphan enzyme or patriarch of a new tribe: the arsenic resistance ATPase of bacterial plasmids (1993)

The plasmid-determined arsenite and antimonite efflux ATPase of bacteria differs from other membrane transport ATPases, which are classified into several families (such as the F0F1-type H(+)-translocating ATP synthases, the related vacuolar H(+)-translocating ATPases, the P-type cation-translocating ATPases, and the superfamily which includes the periplasmic binding-protein-dependent systems in Gram-negative bacteria, the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein, and the cystic fibrosis transport regulator). The amino acid sequences of the components of the arsenic resistance system are not similar to known ATPase proteins. New findings with the arsenic resistance operons of bacterial plasmids suggest that instead of being an orphan the Ars system will now be the first recognized member of a new class of ATPases. Furthermore, fundamental questions of energy-coupling (ATP-driven or chemiosmotic) have recently been raised and the finding that the arsC gene product is a soluble enzyme that reduces arsenate to arsenite changes the previous picture of the functioning of this widespread bacterial system.
Microscopic model for viscous flow in two dimensions (1977)

We report a computer simulation of simple shear flow in order to investigate the transport properties of a two-dimensional microscopic model of a fluid. The numerical results exhibit nonlinear profiles for the fluid velocity, and the viscous resistance depends linearly on the shear rate. These experiments confirm that, in two-dimensional fluids, the Navier-Stokes equations do not exist in their usual form. We propose a phenomenological expression for the viscous part of the pressure.
Melatonin Content of the Pineal Gland in Different Mouse Strains (1989)

Pineal melatonin content at several times during the day and night was measured in 36 inbred strains of mice (Mus musculus) kept under LD 12:12 cycles. The results have indicated that only five inbred strains have pineal melatonin content, with higher levels during the night and lower levels during the day; the other 31 strains do not contain detectable melatonin in their pineal gland at any of times examined. The former group includes two commonly used strains (C3H/He and CBA/Ms) and three wild-derived strains (Mol-A, Mol-Nis, MOM). C3H and CBA mice showed a similar pattern of pineal melatonin rhythm with a peak at 2 hours before lights on. The peak levels were about 150 pg/gland in both strains. The rhythmic patterns of melatonin content in Mol-A, Mol-Nis, and MOM were slightly different from those in CBA and C3H. In the wild-derived strains, the peak of melatonin content did not occur at 2 hours before lights on but tended to occur at midnight. The peak levels were 67-91 pg/gland at the highest point in these strains.
Antioxidant Actions of Phenolic Compounds Found in Dietary Plants on Low-Density Lipoprotein and Erythrocytes in Vitro (2007)

In view of their protective effects on LDL and erythrocytes against oxidative damage, these phenolic compounds might have potential applications in prooxidant state-related cardiovascular disorders.
The Synthesis of Thiophene Analogs of Fluorene<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Thiophene Analogs of Fluorene1Hans Wynberg and A. KraakCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 8, 2455–2457Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01031a513https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01031a513research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views344Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recent advances in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: An overview from science to technology (2006)

Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites (PLSNCs) offer remarkably improved mechanical and other properties with low inorganic filler loading. The major development in this field has been carried out over the last one and a half decades. However, the authors are far from the goal in terms of understanding the mechanisms of the enhancement effect in the nanocomposites. Continued progress in nanoscale controlling and an improved understanding of the physicochemical phenomena at the nanometre scale have contributed to the rapid development of novel PLSNCs. The present paper describes recent advances in PLSNCs with the primary focus on these advances from basic science to technology.