gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel and Efficient Synthesis of 4-Dimethylamino-2-glycosylaminoquinazolines by Cyclodesulfurization of Glycosyl Thioureas with Dimethylcyanamide. (2002)

4-dimethylamino-2-glycosylaminoquinazoline derivatives were synthesized by cyclodesulfurization of N-aryl-N'-glycosyl thioureas with dimethylcyanamide in the presence of silver triflate in good yields.
Commentaries on Potter and Hepburn, ‘Qualitative interviews in psychology: problems and possibilities’ (2005)

(2005). Commentaries on Potter and Hepburn, ‘Qualitative interviews in psychology: problems and possibilities’. Qualitative Research in Psychology: Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 309-325.
Permeability of Rubber to Air (1929)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPermeability of Rubber to AirV. N. Morris and J. N. StreetCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1929, 21, 12, 1215–1219Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1929Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1929https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50240a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50240a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A survey on physical layer impairments aware routing and wavelength assignment algorithms in transparent wavelength routed optical networks (2016)

A wavelength-routed optical network consists of a number of cross-connects which are interconnected by optical fibers. Transparent optical networks allow signals to bypass extensive electronic signal processing at intermediate nodes. The quality of an optical signal degrades as it travels though several optical components along its lightpath. It is essential to incorporate imapact of the physical impairments in the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem in transparent optical networks. This work compiles a comprehensive survey, from various research publications, of the proposed algorithms that address this issue. The physical layer impairments classification in optical networks are initially presented followed by physical layer impairments (PLI) RWA algorithms and algorithmic approaches for the PLI-RWA problem. Performance metrics for evaluating the performance of the proposed PLI-RWA algorithms are presented at the end of the work. Further research topics are presented in this study.
Trees in Urban and City Environments: a review of the selection criteria with particular reference to nature conservation in New Zealand Cities (2011)

The overall aim of this research was to review the general criteria for selection of trees for urban environments and city environments. The reason for this research was to assess the extent to which criteria for tree selection can contribute to nature conservation in cities. We conducted an extensive review of the literature, looking for publications about the selection criteria. In particular, we looked for any previous published reviews of the criteria. With reference to the criteria used in New Zealand, we undertook an unstructured review of the practices adopted in most cities. A review of the literature revealed many publications about different criteria but only one publication in which there was a general review of the criteria used for selecting trees for urban environments. By way of contrast, lists of tree species deemed to be suitable (or unsuitable) for urban planting are widely available, and some include information about selection criteria, but often with little background explanation. Worldwide, commonly used criteria included commercial availability of species, compatibility with urban environments, landscape design, low maintenance, avoidance of nuisance factors and historical practice. The most common criteria are concerned with the concept of choosing species compatible with local climate and soils. Anecdotal evidence suggests that more and more cities are using a mix of criteria including those that may contribute to conservation and restoration of native biota. We suggest that there should be greater use of ecological, genetic and biogeographical criteria to meet the needs of nature conservation in New Zealand cities.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1,2-Bis(2-benzimidazolyl)benzene (2005)

The title compound C6H4(C7H5N2)2 was prepared by the condensation of o-phenyl- enediamine with o-phthalic acid and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV and H NMR 1 spectra, and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic system, space group Pbcn with a = 17.928(8), b = 8.828(4), c = 9.752(4)?, Z = 4, V = 1543.4(12) ?3, Dc = 1.336 g/cm3, Mr = 310.35, λ(MoKα) = 0.71073 ?, μ = 0.082 mm-1, F(000) = 648, R = 0.0405 and wR = 0.1092. A total of 1693 unique reflections were collected, of which 1319 with I 2σ(I) were observed. It is shown that the compound molecule belongs to C2 point group. A one-dimensional chain structure was formed by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds (N(2)–H… N(1)).
Stability of Chlorite in Dilute Acid Solutions (1966)

Abstract Six chlorites representing 5 species were suspended in 0.01M MgCl 2 solutions with different concentrations of HCl. In 10 ‐4 N HCl solutions a final steady pH of 8 to 9 was reached quickly with the Mg‐rich chlorites and more slowly with Fe‐rich species. The evidence showed that Mg‐Al and Mg‐Fe double hydroxides controlled the pH in these suspensions. In 10 ‐2 N HCl solutions, the chlorites remained at pH values of 3 to 4 for periods up to 6 months. On the basis of direct titrations it was concluded that precipitation of Fe‐ and Al‐hydroxides buffered the pH at 3 to 5 and that the precipitate impeded H uptake and Mg release.
Atrial natriuretic factor in normal subjects and heart failure patients. Plasma levels and renal, hormonal, and hemodynamic responses to peptide infusion. (1986)

We investigated atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in humans, measuring plasma immunoreactive (ir) ANF (in femtomoles per milliliter), and renal, hormonal, and hemodynamic responses to ANF infusion, in normal subjects (NL) and congestive heart failure patients (CHF). Plasma irANF was 11 +/- 0.9 fmol/ml in NL and 71 +/- 9.9 in CHF (P less than 0.01); the latter with twofold right ventricular increment (P less than 0.05). In NL, ANF infusion of 0.10 microgram/kg per min (40 pmol/kg per min) induced increases (P less than 0.05) of absolute (from 160 +/- 23 to 725 +/- 198 mueq/min) and fractional (1-4%) sodium excretion, urine flow rate (from 10 +/- 1.6 to 20 +/- 2.6 ml/min), osmolar (from 3.2 +/- 0.6 to 6.8 +/- 1.2 ml/min) and free water (from 6.8 +/- 1.6 to 13.6 +/- 1.6 ml/min) clearances, and filtration fraction (from 20 +/- 1 to 26 +/- 2%). Plasma renin and aldosterone decreased 33% and 40%, respectively (P less than 0.01). Systolic blood pressure fell (from 112 +/- 3 to 104 +/- 5 mmHg, P less than 0.05) in seated NL; but in supine NL, the only hemodynamic response was decreased pulmonary wedge pressure (from 11 +/- 1 to 7 +/- 1 mmHg, P less than 0.05). In CHF, ANF induced changes in aldosterone and pulmonary wedge pressure, cardiac index, and systemic vascular resistance (all P less than 0.05); however, responses of renin and renal excretion were attenuated. ANF infusion increased hematocrit and serum protein concentration by 5-7% in NL (P less than 0.05) but not in CHF.
Ultrafast polarisation-independent optical demultiplexer using optical carrier frequency shift through crossphase modulation (1992)

A novel polarisation-independent all-optical 1:N demultiplexer is proposed using optical carrier frequency shift induced by a strong pump pulse in Kerr media. A 1:4, 60Gbit/s polarisation-independent demultiplexing operation at 1.307μu is demonstrated using a 70 ps broad pump pulse from an Nd:YLF laser.
Generation of Microwave Electromagnetic Radiation in Magnetic Materials (1961)

A novel method of generating microwave and millimeter wave radiation in magnetic materials through the influence of high-intensity mechanical vibrations is described. Measured values of the static strain dependence of cubic ferrite materials are used to illustrate the principle, and arguments are presented extending this method to millimeter wave generation in antiferromagnetic materials.
CORDIC vectoring with arbitrary target value (1998)

The computation of additional functions in the CORDIC module increases its flexibility. We consider here the extension of the vectoring mode (angle calculation) so that the vector is rotated until one of the coordinates (for instance y) attains a target value t (in contrast to the value 0, as in standard vectoring). The main problem in the algorithm is that the modulus of the vector is scaled in each CORDIC iteration so that a direct comparison of y[j] with t does not assure convergence. We present a scheme that overcomes this and in which the implementation consists of a standard CORDIC module plus a module to determine the direction of rotation. This improves over a previous proposal in which more complex iterations are introduced as part of the CORDIC algorithm. Moreover, an error analysis is performed to determine the datapath width required for convergence. Since this width is large, we consider also the characteristics of the algorithm for a narrower datapath.
Arthroscopic Grafting of Chondral Defects and Subchondral Cysts of the Acetabulum (2011)

We present a novel arthroscopic-assisted technique to graft chondral defects and subchondral cysts of the acetabular socket using a synthetic osteochondral plug. Four patients with groin pain, solitary cysts in the roof of the acetabulum and radiographic evidence of early osteoarthritis were treated. A bone tunnel was prepared from the region of the iliac crest to the acetabular articular surface. A synthetic osteochondral plug was inserted in an ante-grade fashion and positioned flush with the lunate articular cartilage. The minimum follow-up from surgery was 8 months (mean 10 months, range 8 to 11 months). There were no peri-operative complications related to the procedure. All patients reported an improvement in symptoms and function at the latest follow-up. One of the patients underwent a re-look arthroscopy at 5 months for persistent dull groin and buttock pain. Capsular adhesions of the labrum were identified and released. The mean non-arthritic hip score improved from 53.8 (range 43.8 to 70) pre-operatively to 84.6 (range 78.8 to 87.5) at 6 months. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months confirmed the stability of the osteochondral plugs and on-going healing. This procedure offers an arthroscopic means to treat patients with solitary acetabular cysts and may prove effective for chondral grafting of denuded acetabular areas in early to moderate degenerative hip disease.
Staining and Observing Pollen Tubes in the Style by Means of Fluorescence (1959)

AbstractPollen tubes in the styles of the tomato and of other flowering plants can be observed by using the following technic. Styles are fixed in formalin-acetic-80% alcohol (1:1:8) and cleared and softened in a strong (8 N) sodium hydroxide solution. Staining is accomplished in a 0.1% solution of water-soluble aniline blue dye dissolved in 0.1 N, K3PO4. The styles are smeared or are observed whole under a conventional or dissecting microscope by direct illumination with ultraviolet light of a wavelength of about 356 m°. Observations are made in a darkened room. Under these conditions callose fluoresces bright yellow-green and contrasts strongly with the bluish or grayish fluorescence of the stylar tissue. The pollen tubes are outlined by a callose lining and irregularly spaced callose plugs.
Effect of Saturation on Thermodynamics of Polystyrene-Polyisoprene Block Copolymers (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Saturation on Thermodynamics of Polystyrene-Polyisoprene Block CopolymersN. P. Balsara, C. C. Lin, H. J. Dai, and R. KrishnamoortiCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 5, 1216–1220Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00083a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00083a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views341Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RNA:DNA hybrids are more stable than DNA:DNA duplexes in concentrated perchlorate and trichloroacetate solutions (1978)

Rates of formation of RNA:DNA hybrids have been measured as a function of temperature and compared to DNA:RNA duplex denaturation temperatures in 4 M sodium perchlorate, 4 M NaClO4-6 M urea, and 3 M rubidium trichloracetate solvents. The usual bell shaped curves of reaction rate versus temperature were observed. The optimal temperatures for the RNA:DNA association reaction are 5 degrees to 12 degrees greater than the Tm's for DNA:DNA denaturation in these solvents, just as in formamide. R-loops of phi80d3ilv DNA with E. coli rRNA can be formed at high efficiency in these solvents.
Extra-Mural Formula Preparation (1965)

Many of the readers of Pediatrics, especially those responsible for hospital newborn nurseries, have been aware of a transition to the practice of using the ready-to-feed milk mixtures now available for hospital neonates. A survey of this situation to date appeared in the January, 1965, Journal of the American Hospital Association. This was directed toward hospital administrators. So that the medical personnel associated with these nurseries may be equally and officially informed, we wish to inquire of the existing Committee on Nutrition of the AAP as to their recommendations for acceptance and control of such milk mixtures for hospital infants.
An 18Gb/s duobinary receiver with a CDR-assisted DFE (2009)

With the demand for higher-speed inter-chip communication, DFEs have become increasingly more important. In a DFE, in order to cancel the first post-tap ISI, each decision data bit has to be fed back within 1T (1UI) and the second post-tap feedback will also become a serious problem for the higher-speed communications. Though widely used half-rate clock DFEs with loop-unrolled architectures (speculative feedback) extend the first post-tap feedback time limit to 2T for data sampling [1] (or 1.5T for edge sampling [2]), the alternate eye-opening caused by a half-rate clock DFE degrades the recovered clock phase accuracy, thus resulting in limited communication speeds.
Glucose Transport: Pivotal Step in Insulin Action (1996)

The effect of insulin to acutely stimulate glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue is essential for normal glucose homeostasis. The GLUT4 glucose transporter is a major mediator of this action, and insulin recruits GLUT4 from an intracellular pool to the plasma membrane. An important pathologic feature of obesity, NIDDM, and to a lesser extent IDDM is resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Investigations of the mechanisms have revealed tissue-specific regulation of GLUT4 with decreased gene expression in adipose cells but not in skeletal muscle. This has led to the hypothesis that alterations in the trafficking of the GLUT4 vesicle or in the exposure or activation of the GLUT4 transporter may cause insulin resistance in skeletal muscle in obesity and diabetes. Exercise training increases GLUT4 expression in muscle in association with enhanced glucose tolerance in vivo. Transgenic mice have been created to investigate other approaches to improve insulin action on glucose transport. Overexpression of GLUT4 in adipocytes of transgenic mice increases the proportion of GLUT4 on the plasma membrane and enhances insulin sensitivity in vivo. Altering insulin signaling by overexpressing p21ras in adipocytes of transgenic mice results in increased GLUT4 on the plasma membrane in the absence of insulin and increases insulin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Thus, glucose transport is a pivotal step in whole-body insulin action. Strategies to increase the number of GLUT4 transporters that are functionally inserted in the plasma membrane in muscle and adipocytes may lead to new therapies to treat or prevent NIDDM.
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) is a receptor for <i>Zaire Ebolavirus</i> and <i>Lake Victoria Marburgvirus</i> (2011)

The glycoproteins (GP) of enveloped viruses facilitate entry into the host cell by interacting with specific cellular receptors. Despite extensive study, a cellular receptor for the deadly filoviruses Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus has yet to be identified and characterized. Here, we show that T-cell Ig and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) binds to the receptor binding domain of the Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein, and ectopic TIM-1 expression in poorly permissive cells enhances EBOV infection by 10- to 30-fold. Conversely, reduction of cell-surface expression of TIM-1 by RNAi decreased infection of highly permissive Vero cells. TIM-1 expression within the human body is broader than previously appreciated, with expression on mucosal epithelia from the trachea, cornea, and conjunctiva--tissues believed to be important during in vivo transmission of filoviruses. Recognition that TIM-1 serves as a receptor for filoviruses on these mucosal epithelial surfaces provides a mechanistic understanding of routes of entry into the human body via inhalation of aerosol particles or hand-to-eye contact. ARD5, a monoclonal antibody against the IgV domain of TIM-1, blocked EBOV binding and infection, suggesting that antibodies or small molecules directed against this cellular receptor may provide effective filovirus antivirals.
Temporal Prefetching Without the Off-Chip Metadata (2019)

Temporal prefetching offers great potential, but this potential is difficult to achieve because of the need to store large amounts of prefetcher metadata off chip. To reduce the latency and traffic of off-chip metadata accesses, recent advances in temporal prefetching have proposed increasingly complex mechanisms that cache and prefetch this off-chip metadata. This paper suggests a return to simplicity: We present a temporal prefetcher whose metadata resides entirely on chip. The key insights are (1) only a small portion of prefetcher metadata is important, and (2) for most workloads with irregular accesses, the benefits of an effective prefetcher outweigh the marginal benefits of a larger data cache. Thus, our solution, the Triage prefetcher, identifies important metadata and uses a portion of the LLC to store this metadata, and it dynamically partitions the LLC between data and metadata.
Enhancement of the Faraday Rotation of Iron Garnets by Bismuth and Rare-Earth Ions (1970)

Ferrimagnetic single crystals derived from bismuth calcium vanadium iron garnet by gadolinium substitution are shown to exhibit a magnetic compensation temperature as well as a large Faraday rotation. Another garnet system Pr3–2xCa2xFe5−xVx O12 was studied, and it is found that the Faraday rotation increases rapidly with decreasing temperature. This suggests that the rare-earth ion contributes significantly to the rotation. This is also found to be true for Dy3Fe5O12, and it is concluded that certain rare earths as well as bismuth may be useful in achieving magneto-optical materials of improved performance.
A Scalable Dual-Clock FIFO for Data Transfers Between Arbitrary and Haltable Clock Domains (2007)

A robust, scalable, and power efficient dual-clock first-input first-out (FIFO) architecture which is useful for transferring data between modules operating in different clock domains is presented. The architecture supports correct operation in applications where multiple clock cycles of latency exist between the data producer, FIFO, and the data consumer; and with arbitrary clock frequency changes, halting, and restarting in either or both clock domains. The architecture is demonstrated in both a 0.18- mum CMOS full-custom design and a 0.18-mum CMOS standard cell design used in a globally asynchronous locally synchronous array processor. It achieves 580-MHz operation and 10.3-mW power dissipation while performing simultaneous FIFO read and write operations at 1.8 V.
Development of an integrated Bluetooth RF transceiver module using multi-layer system on package technology (2002)

We present the development of an integrated Bluetooth transceiver module using a commercial low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) process. The developed module contains a power amplifier (PA), low noise amplifier (LNA), mixer, balun, band select filter and integrated antenna. The MMICs and passives are developed using a commercial 0.24 /spl mu/m CMOS process and LTCC respectively. The power amplifier is capable of providing an output power of 20 dBm for the Bluetooth class 1 specification. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first report of module with integrated antennas.