gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluating a natural language interface for behavioral programming (2012)

In behavioral programming, scenarios are used to program the behavior of reactive systems. Behavioral programming originated in the language of live sequence charts (LSC), a visual formalism based on multi-modal scenarios, and supported by a mechanism for directly executing a system described by a set of LSCs. In an exploratory experiment, we compare programming using LSCs with procedural programming using Java, and seek the best interface for creating the visual artifact of LSCs. Several interfaces for creating LSCs were tested, among them a novel interactive natural language interface (NL). Our preliminary results indicate that even experts in procedural programming preferred the LSCs NL interface over the Java alternative, and their implementation times were comparable to those of the other interfaces tested. The results indicate that the NL interface, combined with the scenario-based essence of LSCs, may be a viable alternative to conventional programming.
Studies on Passiflora incarnata Dry Extract. I. Isolation of Maltol and Pharmacological Action of Maltol and Ethyl Maltol (1974)

The compositions of the fractionized samples of Passiflora incarnata dry extract were investigated. Harmine was found in the ether soluble fraction by paper and thinlayer chromatographies. Maltol was isolated from the 2 N HCl soluble fraction. The pharmacological properties of Passiflora incarnata dry extract, the 2 N HCl soluble fraction, maltol and ethyl maltol were investigated. The 2 N HCl soluble fraction decreased the oxygene uptake by rat brain cortex slices at a high concentration. Maltol caused a depression in mice and showed potentiation on hexobarbital induced sleep, anticonvulsant action with such high doses as toxic, and inhibition on the spontaneous motor activity in mice with low doses. Ethyl maltol showed similar actions but more potent anticonvulsant avtivity and less potent inhibitory effects on the spontaneous motor activity.
On Maximum Likelihood Reconstruction over Multiple Deletion Channels (2018)

The problem of reconstructing a sequence when observed through multiple looks over deletion channels occurs in “de novo” DNA sequencing. The DNA could be sequenced multiple times, yielding several “looks” of it, but each time the sequencer could be noisy with (independent) deletion impairments. The main goal of this paper is to develop reconstruction algorithms for a sequence observed through the lens of a fixed number of deletion channels. We use the probabilistic model of the deletion channels to develop both symbol-wise and sequence maximum likelihood decoding criteria, and algorithms motivated by them. Numerical evaluations demonstrate improvement in terms of edit distance error, over earlier algorithms.
Carboxy‐terminated homo‐ and copolymers of styrene using dicarboxylic acid‐functional azo initiator and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidyloxyl (TEMPO) (1997)

Abstract Carboxy‐terminated polystyrene, poly(styrene‐ co ‐acrylonitrile), and polystyrene‐ block ‐poly(styrene‐ co ‐acrylonitrile) with ratios of weight‐ to number‐average molar masses M̄ w / M̄ n below 1.3 were synthesized via a controlled radical polymerization mechanism. The polymerizations were initiated with 4,4′‐azobis(4‐cyanopentane‐carboxylic acid) and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidyloxyl radical and conducted in bulk at elevated temperatures. The polymerization was monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance, size‐exclusion chromatography, end‐group titration and differential scanning calorimetry.
Regulation of the Cool/Pix Proteins (2002)

The Cool (cloned-out of library)/Pix (for PAK-interactive exchange factor) proteins directly bind to members of the PAK family of serine/threonine kinases and regulate their activity. Three members of the Cool/Pix family have shown distinct regulatory activities: (i) p50(Cool-1) inhibits Cdc42/Rac-stimulated PAK activity, (ii) p85(Cool-1)/beta-Pix has a permissive effect on Cdc42/Rac-stimulated activity, and (iii) p90(Cool-2)/alpha-Pix strongly activates PAK. We initially suspected that these different functional effects were due to a binding interaction that occurs at the carboxyl-terminal ends of the larger Cool/Pix proteins, thus enabling them to stimulate (or at least permit) rather than inhibit PAK activity. This led to the identification of the Cat proteins (for Cool-associated tyrosine phosphosubstrates). However, here we show that the Cat proteins bind to the carboxyl-terminal ends of p85(Cool-1) (residues 523-546) and Cool-2 (residues 647-670), and that the binding of Cat to Cool-2 in fact is not necessary for the Cool-2-mediated activation of PAK. Rather, an 18-amino acid region, designated T1, that is present in the Cool-1 proteins, but missing in Cool-2, is essential for controlling the regulation of PAK activity by Cool-1/beta-Pix in vivo. Deletion of T1 yielded a p85(Cool-1) molecule that mimicked the Cool-2 protein and was capable of strongly stimulating PAK activity. However, when T1 was added to Cool-2, the ability of Cool-2 to directly activate PAK was lost. We conclude that T1 represents a novel regulatory domain that accounts for the specific functional effects on PAK activity exhibited by the different members of the Cool/Pix family.
Antibacterial electrospun chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers containing silver nitrate and titanium dioxide (2008)

Abstract Chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers with antibacterial activity were prepared by the electrospinning of a chitosan/PVA solution with a small amount of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). Nanofibers with diameters of 270–360 nm were obtained. The yield of low‐viscosity chitosan (LCS)/PVA nanofibers was higher than that of high‐viscosity chitosan (HCS)/PVA, and the water content of the HCS/PVA nanofibers and the LCS/PVA nanofibers were 430 and 390%, respectively. The nanofibers developed in this study exhibited antibacterial activities of 99 and 98% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Ligand-dependent and -independent Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Recycling Regulated by Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis and Rab11 (2004)

Proteins in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family recognize transmembrane serine/threonine kinases known as type I and type II receptors. Binding of TGF-beta to receptors results in receptor down-regulation and signaling. Whereas previous work has focused on activities controlling TGF-beta signaling, more recent studies have begun to address the trafficking properties of TGF-beta receptors. In this report, it is shown that receptors undergo recycling both in the presence and absence of ligand activation, with the rates of internalization and recycling being unaffected by ligand binding. Recycling occurs as receptors are most likely internalized through clathrin-coated pits, and then returned to the plasma membrane via a rab11-dependent, rab4-independent mechanism. Together, the results suggest a mechanism wherein activated TGF-beta receptors are directed to a distinct endocytic pathway for down-regulation and clathrin-dependent degradation after one or more rounds of recycling.
The Role of Individual Differences in Lipoprotein, Artery Wall, Gender, and Behavioral Responses in the Development of Atherosclerosis<sup>a</sup> (1985)

Striking individual differences exist in the response of animals to atherogenic diets. In this communication, we have summarized the accumulated data that relate to a better understanding of this individuality in susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Described herein, are the accumulated data concerning individual differences in the ways in which animals respond to dietary cholesterol. Also contained in this review, are beginning efforts to understand individual differences in susceptibility to coronary artery atherosclerosis at the level of the artery wall ("mesenchymal susceptibility"). We have placed special emphasis on individual differences that exist among cynomolgus macaques in certain psychosocial variables that contribute to individual differences in susceptibility. Among male cynomolgus macaques both status and social condition contribute to these individual differences. Additionally, individual differences in cardiovascular reactivity contribute to varying degrees of atherosclerosis development largely independent of plasma lipid concentrations. Among cynomolgus macaque females, stress-ovarian function relationships have a major influence on the relative degree to which these female animals are protected against diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis.
Real‐time product attribute control to manufacture antibodies with defined N‐linked glycan levels (2015)

Pressures for cost-effective new therapies and an increased emphasis on emerging markets require technological advancements and a flexible future manufacturing network for the production of biologic medicines. The safety and efficacy of a product is crucial, and consistent product quality is an essential feature of any therapeutic manufacturing process. The active control of product quality in a typical biologic process is challenging because of measurement lags and nonlinearities present in the system. The current study uses nonlinear model predictive control to maintain a critical product quality attribute at a predetermined value during pilot scale manufacturing operations. This approach to product quality control ensures a more consistent product for patients, enables greater manufacturing efficiency, and eliminates the need for extensive process characterization by providing direct measures of critical product quality attributes for real time release of drug product.
Process control loop benchmarking and revenue optimization (2001)

The application of control loop performance assessment and benchmarking techniques to industrial processes control loops is considered. A strategy for auditing the behaviour of control loops so that appropriate advanced control systems can be chosen and the total system optimised is presented. The aim of the strategy is to provide a method of increasing the revenue generated from an existing or new industrial process. A review of current benchmarking and plant auditing trends is included and a framework for integrating control loop benchmarking and plant economic auditing to achieve the best results is introduced.
Considerations for implementing high performance VXI test systems (2002)

This paper is intended to inform the reader on some of the benefits as well as areas of concern that are present when performing new designs of VXI systems. This paper will first address topics dealing with the basic operational characteristics of VXI systems, then elaborate on system design issues dealing with throughput synchronization, multi-chassis implementations and connectivity to external devices. Hardware and software aspects of VXI design will also be covered. The software issues discussed will explore the application program interfaces (APIs) that are available for interfacing with VXI instruments and their evolution into the Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (VISA). Hardware issues covered will be directed at synchronization of VXI devices both internal and external to a chassis. Differences in implementation of asynchronous event handling schemes, as exemplified by the IRQ and event signals will be discussed. Other topics covered will deal in the operational differences between VXI instruments based on revision 1.3 specification versus the instruments based on the 1.4 version of the VXI specification. As an aid to understanding capabilities of VXI devices the low level differences between register based devices and message based devices when communicating over the VXI backplane will be discussed in detail. Discussion of when to use message-based devices and when to use register based devices will also be addressed. In an attempt to provide a system level understanding of VXI usage, the paper will also address topics such as interfacing to and from external devices.
A Wideband Millimeter-Wave Power Amplifier With 20 dB Linear Power Gain and +8 dBm Maximum Saturated Output Power (2008)

A millimeter-wave power amplifier fabricated in 90 nm bulk CMOS technology consists of 3 identical cascode stages and on-chip matching networks (inter-stage, input, and output) implemented with wide-gap coplanar waveguides and M6-M5 (MIM) capacitors. The amplifier realizes a linear power gain of 19.7 dB at 52.4 GHz and 10.3 dB at 60 GHz. Maximum saturated output power and output-referred compression point are and 3.1 dBm, respectively. Peak PAE is 4.2%. The 1.180.96 die consumes 75 mA when operating from a 2 V supply.
Identification of Fibrous Cap Rupture With Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Highly Associated With Recent Transient Ischemic Attack or Stroke (2002)

MRI identification of a ruptured fibrous cap is highly associated with a recent history of TIA or stroke. Ongoing prospective studies will determine the predictive value fibrous cap characteristics, as visualized by MRI, for risk of subsequent ischemic events.
The use of palatal implants for orthodontic anchorage. Design and clinical application of the orthosystem. (1996)

This paper presents the Orthosystem (Institute Straumann, Waldenburg/ Switzerland), a new endosseous orthodontic implant anchor system for palatal anchorage. The Orthosystem may replace compliance dependent extraoral anchoring aids for orthodontics and makes a bonding of well aligned mandibular dentition and it's use with class II elastics unnecessary. The fixture is designed for a one-stage application. It consists of an implant of pure titanium with a surface-treated, screw-shaped endosseous part of 3.3 mm diameter and lengths of 4 and 6 mm. Above the polished transmucosal neck follows as abutment where transpalatal arches made of rigid orthodontic wires (0.032 x 0.032 inch) are fixed by means of a clamp-cap. 6 patients with an angle class II malocclusion were implanted with the 6 mm fixture in the proximal midsagittal region of the palate during a pilot study. The treatment goal was extraction of the first maxillary premolars with subsequent retraction of the frontal dentition under maximal anchorage of the lateral teeth. For the implantation a simple surgical procedure of 10 min length was required while no further invasive action are needed until explantation. This way the strain on the patients was reduced to a minimum. They are now at varying stages of active treatment and the most advanced case is demonstrated here. The clinical and radiological findings after 12 months of treatment comprising 3 months of healing revealed no implant mobility or dislocation, favourable periimplant soft tissue conditions, and no marked mesial movement of the implant supported teeth. The frontal dentition was retracted by 8 mm with space closure occurring in a relatively short treatment period.
ANALYSIS OF A NON-STANDARD FINITE ELEMENT METHOD BASED ON BOUNDARY INTEGRAL OPERATORS (2010)

Abstract. We present and analyze a non-standard finite element method based on element-local boundary integral operators that permits polyhedral element shapes as well as meshes with hanging nodes. The method employs elementwise PDE-harmonic trial functions and can thus be interpreted as a local Trefftz method. The construction principle requires the explicit knowledge of the fundamental solution of the partial differential operator, but only locally, i.e., in every polyhedral element. This allows us to solve PDEs with elementwise constant coefficients. In this paper we consider the diffusion equation as a model problem, but the method can be generalized to convectiondiffusion-reaction problems and to systems of PDEs such as the linear elasticity system and the time-harmonic Maxwell equations with elementwise constant coefficients. We provide a rigorous error analysis of the method under quite general assumptions on the geometric properties of the elements. Numerical results confirm our theoretical estimates.
ABSORPTION IN POLYVINYL ALCOHOL- PHOSPHORIC ACID FILMS UNDER DIFFERENT PROCESSING CONDITIONS. KINETIC STUDY (2009)

"Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films blend with phosphoric acid (PA) were obtained by annealing for different times and acid concentrations. The films turn brownish and darken as time processing and acid concentration increase, which is associated to the polyene formation. IR analyses disclose the evolution of the samples as compared to pure PVA. The PVA-PA blend formation at low concentrations of PA is showed through infrared spectra. Absorption measurements show that it increases as processing time does it, which corresponds to the film darkening. From the time dependent absorption variation a kinetic study linked to the polyene formation was carried out."
Effect of Defects on Fatigue Tests of As-Build Ti-6Al-4V Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (2012)

Defects can be found in parts made using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) due to balling effects and other types of localized irregularities. This study investigates how defects affect the fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V samples in an SLM as-built surface finish condition. Fatigue samples were built and heat treated for stress relief. In order to investigate the effect of defects, a series of fatigue samples were designed with built-in cylindrical and double-conical defects. Tests were carried out to correlate maximum stress to the number of cycles to failure. Optical and scanning electron micrographs were utilized to compare and analyze crack initiation and propagation characteristics. Based on the results, the influence of defects on fatigue properties is discussed.
Heart failure drug digitoxin induces calcium uptake into cells by forming transmembrane calcium channels (2008)

Digitoxin and other cardiac glycosides are important, centuries-old drugs for treating congestive heart failure. However, the mechanism of action of these compounds is still being elucidated. Calcium is known to potentiate the toxicity of these drugs, and we have hypothesized that digitoxin might mediate calcium entry into cells. We report here that digitoxin molecules mediate calcium entry into intact cells. Multimers of digitoxin molecules also are able to form calcium channels in pure planar phospholipid bilayers. These digitoxin channels are blocked by Al(3+) and La(3+) but not by Mg(2+) or the classical l-type calcium channel blocker, nitrendipine. In bilayers, we find that the chemistry of the lipid affects the kinetics of the digitoxin channel activity, but not the cation selectivity. Antibodies against digitoxin promptly neutralize digitoxin channels in both cells and bilayers. We propose that these digitoxin calcium channels may be part of the mechanism by which digitoxin and other active cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, exert system-wide actions at and above the therapeutic concentration range.
PMACS: An Environment for Parallel Programming. (1991)

In this paper, we present a parallel programming environment called PMACS. The central structure of this environment is the Parametrized Dependence Graph that gives a very precise representation of dependencies. It also facilitates the recompilation of dependencies whenever the user is requested to introduce information about the program. A unique framework for the interprocedural constant propagation and the interprocedural side-effect analysis, based on symbolic evaluation, is used. A powerful tool for displaying graphs has also been carried out. It allows the user to understand the detected inherent parallelism of his program. A first release of PMACS written in C is already implemented.
Chip scale packaging of a MEMS accelerometer (2004)

Accelerometers fabricated with MEMS technology are widely used in automotive crash detection and vehicle dynamic control systems. Recently, there has been increased interest in the use of MEMS accelerometers in smart handheld devices. The most demanding new requirement for this application is package size. This paper details the fabrication a 2 axis accelerometer in a 4 mm/spl times/4 mm/spl times/1.5 mm thick lead frame chip scale package. The fabrication of the device depends on three technologies: (1) an integrated MEMS technology that yields the MEMS structure and all associated signal processing circuitry on a single die; (2) the development of a wafer scale capping process that provides protection for the MEMS sensor and renders it suitable for transfer molding; and (3) modifications to the standard lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP) assembly process to accommodate the capped MEMS sensor. The performance of the accelerometer is assessed and compared to the same device in a leadless chip carrier.
Tunable laser action at 4.0 microns from Fe:ZnSe (2001)

The spectroscopic properties of Fe:ZnSe were investigated and 4 micron lasing action was demonstrated for the first time at sub-ambient temperatures. Using an Er: YAG laser as a pump source, the Fe:ZnSe laser produced output energies of 8 µJ/pulse with pulse lengths of 48 µs at a repetition rate of 100 Hz. The output wavelength varied with temperature from 3.98 µm at 14 K to 4.54 µm at 180 K. A slope efficiency of 6.7% at 130 K was obtained.
High quality Si-on-SiO2 films by large dose oxygen implantation and lamp annealing (1986)

Ion beam synthesis of a buried SiO2 layer is an attractive silicon-on-insulator technology for high-speed complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits and radiation hardened devices. We demonstrate here a new annealing procedure at 1405 °C that produces silicon films of excellent quality, essentially free of oxygen precipitates and with sharp interfaces between the Si and the SiO2. Buried oxide layers have been formed in Si (100) wafers by implanting 400 keV molecular oxygen at 500 °C to a dose of 1.8×1018 cm−2. Annealing was performed by radiative heating of the back side of each sample to the melt temperature of silicon, TM=1412 °C, so that the buried oxide structure was at 1405 °C. The temperature control relies entirely on the change in optical properties of silicon upon melting. This ensures, without any external feedback, that the surface exposed to the photon flux will remain at TM.
Formation of surface relief gratings with homeotropically oriented photopolymer from a photocross-linkable organic monomer (2009)

In this communication, we describe a simple process for the generation of surface relief gratings (SRG). SRG are fabricated from a photocross-linkable organic monomer PDACE (4-propyldiphenylacetylenecarboxylic acid cinnamyl ester) with cinnamyl ester and tolane groups, by using a patterned non-polarized UV light irradiation. The patterns of the surface relief structures can be easily controlled and the modulation depth can reach 130 nm. Moreover, it is interestingly observed that the photopolymer of the SRG exhibits distinctive characteristics including homeotropic orientation and fluorescence properties as a result of the photocross-linking of the dual photoreactive groups of PDACE. Finally, the mechanism of fabrication of SRG from PDACE is discussed with mean-field theory.