gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biotin. V. Synthesis of dl-Biotin, dl-Allobiotin and dl-epi-Allobiotin (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiotin. V. Synthesis of dl-Biotin, dl-Allobiotin and dl-epi-AllobiotinStanton A. Harris, Donald E. Wolf, Ralph Mozingo, Glen E. Arth, R. Christian Anderson, Nelson R. Easton, and Karl FolkersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 12, 2096–2100Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01228a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01228a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Evaluation of the effect of intranasal corticosteroid sprays on radiofrequency tissue ablation in the treatment of hypertrophied inferior turbinate]. (2011)

We recommend the use of intranasal corticosteroids with RF applications to increase the efficacy of radiofrequency.
Computational Approaches to the Lexicon (1994)

Abstract The new science of computational lexicology and lexicography has arisen through contact and collaboration between representatives of three hitherto distinct disciplines: lexicography, linguistics, and computer science. The Pisa International Summer Schools on Computational Lexicology and Lexicography have played a crucial role, providing a regular forum for inter-disciplinary contact. In this volume, which had its origins in the fifth summer school, distinguished scholars provide a broad perspective on the field. In their overview paper Sue Atkins, Beth Levin, and Antonio Zampolli trace the development of computational lexicography and its links to theoretical linguistics. The sections which follow discuss the collection and pre-processing of textual data, the theoretical infrastructure of lexical analysis, and current tools and methodologies.
Real-time OC-192 all-optical bit-error monitoring system using inverted wavelength converter and optical NOR gate (2004)

A low cost, simple bit-error monitoring system is realized all-optically using an inverted wavelength-converter and optical NOR-gate with different operating thresholds. Real-time optical monitoring signal is generated which indicates the positions and duration of bit/burst errors in 10 Gb/s signal.
Observation of the transition of operating regions in a low-pressure inductively coupled oxygen plasma by Langmuir probe measurement and optical emission spectroscopy (2001)

In inductively coupled low-pressure oxygen plasmas, planar Langmuir probes were used to determine the variation of the plasma parameters (positive and negative ion densities, electron density, electron temperature) with applied pressure (1-40 mTorr) and power (1-800 W). Simultaneous optical emission spectra were obtained. The relative abundance of the species was estimated from the intensities of the two spectral lines from excited oxygen atoms and molecular oxygen ions. In conjunction with the Langmuir probe data, the scaling behaviours of the charged and neutral species were investigated. A change of scaling behaviour in charged and neutral species densities which was due to the transition from the ion-flux-loss-dominated region to the recombination-loss-dominated region was observed by Langmuir probe measurement and optical emission spectroscopy.
Static Performance of Six Innovative Thrust Reverser Concepts for Subsonic Transport Applications - Summary of the NASA Langley Innovative Thrust Reverser Test Program (2000)

The NASA Langley Configuration Aerodynamics Branch has conducted an experimental investigation to study the static performance of innovative thrust reverser concepts applicable to high-bypass-ratio turbofan engines. Testing was conducted on a conventional separate-flow exhaust system configuration, a conventional cascade thrust reverser configuration, and six innovative thrust reverser configurations. The innovative thrust reverser configurations consisted of a cascade thrust reverser with porous fan-duct blocker, a blockerless thrust reverser, two core-mounted target thrust reversers, a multi-door crocodile thrust reverser, and a wing-mounted thrust reverser. Each of the innovative thrust reverser concepts offer potential weight savings and/or design simplifications over a conventional cascade thrust reverser design. Testing was conducted in the Jet-Exit Test Facility at NASA Langley Research Center using a 7.9 percent-scale exhaust system model with a fan-to-core bypass ratio of approximately 9.0. All tests were conducted with no external flow and cold, high-pressure air was used to simulate core and fan exhaust flows. Results show that the innovative thrust reverser concepts achieved thrust reverser performance levels which, when taking into account the potential for system simplification and reduced weight, may make them competitive with, or potentially more cost effective than current state-of-the-art thrust reverser systems.
Isolated systolic hypertension as a treatable risk factor. (2002)

Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is characterised by elevated systolic (SBP) and somewhat lowered diastolic blood pressure (DBP). ISH occurs predominantly in elderly hypertensives as a result of aortic stiffness, which increases with age. Elevated SBP and even more so widened pulse pressure (PP=SBP-DBP) are recognised as important risk factors for stroke and ischaemic heart disease. ISH therefore requires consistent drug therapy, combined with lifestyle advice. It is important to lower SBP without reducing DBP too much, in order to avoid a further widening of the PP. Large-scale intervention studies (SHEP, SYST-EUR, SYST-China, and INSIGHT) have demonstrated that thiazide diuretics and calcium antagonists are the drugs of choice to protect against stroke and MI. ACE inhibitors, AT<sub>1</sub>-blockers and omapatrilate may be considered because of their haemodynamic effects and their additional benefit in patients with heart failure or diabetes. Nitrates and NO-donors reduce SBP more than DBP because of their effects on the large conduit arteries. Spironolactone is of potential interest since it may reduce aortic stiffness.
Kolmogorov analysis detecting radio and Fermi gamma-ray sources in cosmic microwave background maps (2010)

The Kolmogorov stochasticity parameter is shown to act as a tool to detect point sources in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation temperature maps. Kolmogorov CMB map constructed for the WMAP's 7-year datasets reveals tiny structures which in part coincide with point radio and Fermi/LAT gamma-ray sources. In the first application of this method, we identified several sources not present in the then available 0FGL Fermi catalog. Subsequently they were confirmed in the more recent and more complete 1FGL catalog, thus strengthening the evidence for the power of this methodology.
State of the Art in CyberSecurity Monitoring: A Supplement (2001)

This paper is a supplement to the author's report, "State of the Art in Cybersecurity Monitoring" (Sep 2000), and depends heavily on its companion paper, "CyberSecurity Monitoring Tools and Projects: A Compendium of Commercial and Government Tools and Not-For-Profit Research Projects" (Aug 2001). Both of these referenced papers are revisions of the original 1999 publications. In September 2000, he issued an update to the state of the art paper. The update took a new look at the commercial marketplace, based on the latest cybersecurity monitoring compendium published in August 2000, to discern any trends and identify new kinds of products. Some new research and development initiatives were identified. Finally, the update offered commentary on the relationship between the commercial sector and MITRE's military sponsors and what the state of affairs might augur. This supplement neither incrementally extends the referenced update nor replaces it. Rather, it takes an independent look at the commercial products in the cybersecurity monitoring area and speculates on what the findings may mean to MITRE's military sponsors. The appendix presents a summary of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) cybersecurity monitoring products in tabular form. The information includes name of tool, type of tool, when it was released, and commercial vendor.
Indoor Air Quality: Recommendations Relevant to Aircraft Passenger Cabins (1998)

To evaluate the human component of aircraft cabin air quality the effects of respiration of a resting adult on air quality in an enclosed space are estimated using standard equations. Results are illustrated for different air volumes per person, with zero air exchange, and with various air change rates. Calculated ventilation rates required to achieve a specified air quality for a wide range of conditions based on theory agree to within 2% of the requirements determined using a standard empirical formula. These calculations quantitatively confirm that the air changes per hour per person necessary for ventilation of an enclosed space vary inversely with the volume of the enclosed space. However, they also establish that the ventilation required to achieve a target carbon dioxide concentration in the air of an enclosed space with a resting adult remains the same regardless of the volume of the enclosed space. Concentration equilibria resulting from the interaction of the respiration of a resting adult with various ventilation conditions are compared with the rated air exchange rates of samples of current passenger aircraft, both with and without air recirculation capability. Aircraft cabin carbon dioxide concentrations calculated from the published ventilation ratings are found to be intermediate to these sets of results obtained by actual measurement. These findings are used to arrive at recommendations for aircraft builders and operators to help improve aircraft cabin air quality at minimum cost. Passenger responses are suggested to help improve their comfort and decrease their exposure to disease transmission, particularly on long flights.
The role of bimatoprost eyelash gel in chemotherapy-induced madarosis: An analysis of efficacy and safety (2011)

Bimatoprost eyelash gel appears promising for chemotherapy-induced madarosis. Patients may find the effects restorative and cosmetically enhancing.
중소기업정자책자금의 효율성 제고, 기업의 X-비효율과 정치인 부패 (2003)

본 연구는 중소기업 정책자금의 효율화 및 부패에 관한 기존 문헌 연구결과를 이용해, 정치인의 정책자금에 대한 개입을 축소하기 위한 대책을 분석한 것이다. 첫째, 정책자금에서 시설 및 운전자금의 비중이 높고, 서베이 연구에서 정치인이 정책자금에 대한 청탁이나 압력을 가장 많이 행사한다는 사실은 상호 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 둘째, 기업의 본원적 문제인 X-비효율로 인해 정치인이 정책자금 배분에 개입하더라도 단기적으로 그 증거를 찾기가 어려워 발갈될 확률이 낮다. 정치인은 이러한 Banfield(1975)의 부패메카니즘을 이용하여 시설 및 운전자금의 배분에 개입함으로써 선거운동의 득표 극대화 그리고 이를 위한 비용최저화를 실현할 수 있다. 셋째, 정치인의 개입으로 발생되는 X-비효율과 부패를 감소시키려면, 정책자금 수혜 기업의 생산성을 지속적으로 평가하는 사후적 평가시스템이 구축되어야 한다.
The serum protein profile in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. (1976)

Using the single radial immunodiffusion method, the serum levels of IgG, IgA, Ig M, transferrin, haptoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin, alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1-acid glycoprotein were estimated in healthy subjects and patients with liver diseases consisting of chronic active and inactive hepatitis, incipient cirrhosis, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. The results obtained from the statistical analysis of the data were as follows: i) Immunoglobulins and alpha2-macroglobulin in all diseases were higher than those of healthy subjects. ii) The increased transferrin levels were found in chronic active and inactive hepatitis, and the increased alpha1-antitrypsin levels were observed in chronic inactive hepatitis, in incipient cirrhosis in cirrhosis and in primary liver cancer was higher than those of the other liver diseases. iii) Haptoglobulin levels in all diseases except for chronic inactive hepatitis were decreased. iv) alpha1-acid glycoprotein in chronic active hepatitis, in incipient cirrhosis and in cirrhosis were lower than that of healthy subjects. The evaluation of significance for difference of each protein level among disease groups clarified that the decrease of haptoglobin in cirrhosis and the increase of alpha1-antitrypsin in primary liver cancer were characteristic change respectively.
Children's mathematics achievement: The role of parents' perceptions and their involvement in homework. (2002)

Two studies examined the accuracy of parents’ assessment of their children’s mathematics performance and how this relates to the time parents spend on children’s homework. Fourth, 5th, and 6th graders completed a mathematics test. Their parents then predicted their child’s test performance. Parents overestimated their children’s mathematics scores (Study 1: 17.13%; Study 2: 14.40%). The time parents spent helping their children with mathematics homework was unrelated to children’s mathematics performance, parents’ predictions of their children’s mathematics performance, and the accuracy of parents’ predictions of their children’s mathematics performance. Although increasing parents’ knowledge of their children’s mathematics competency should remediate poor mathematics performance of U.S. children, neither homework nor traditional report cards effectively inform parents regarding their children’s mathematics performance. How do parental perceptions of their children’s mathematics performance and parents’ involvement in children’s homework affect children’s mathematics performance? The interaction of these three variables has not been examined in the research on mathematics performance. The focus here specifically on mathematics ability is important given the relatively poor math ability of U.S. children in the face of the relatively high level of parental satisfaction with children’s mathematics achievement in America. The poor mathematics performance of U.S. children relative to children of other nations is well documented. In a study assessing the mathematical achievement of 13-year-olds in Korea, Spain, the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, and the United States, U.S. students had the lowest mean scores of any country in the study (LaPointe, Mead, & Phillips, 1989). Several studies comparing U.S., Japanese, and Chinese students have also reported the rela
Boosting topic-based publish-subscribe systems with dynamic clustering (2007)

We consider in this paper a class of Publish-Subscribe (pub-sub) systems called topic-based systems, where users subscribe to topics and are notified on events that belong to those subscribed topics. With the recent flourishing of RSS news syndication, these systems are regaining popularity and are raising new challenging problems.
Cobalt(II, III)‐oxide chemically modified electrode as amperometric detector in flow injection systems (1993)

Abstract A chemically modified electrode (CME) prepared by mixing cobalt(II, III) oxide and carbon paste, greatly reduces the overvoltage for the oxidation of various biologically important compounds, such as sugars, hydrogen peroxide, and cysteine. The new electrocatalytic surface facilitates the amperometric detection of these compounds in flowing streams. The modified electrode is very stable, can be easily renewed, and gives reproducible results. Application for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in milk is demonstrated.
On Appearance Based Face and Facial Action Tracking (2006)

In this work, we address the problem of tracking faces and facial actions in a single video sequence. The main contributions of the paper are as follows. First, we develop a particle filter based framework for tracking the global 3-D motion of a face using a statistical facial appearance model. Second, we propose a framework for tracking the 3-D face pose as well as the local motion of inner features of the face due for instance to spontaneous facial actions, using an adaptive appearance model. We allow the statistics of the facial appearance as well as the dynamics to be adaptively updated during tracking. Third, we propose a variant of the second framework based on a heuristic search. Tracking real video sequences demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed methods. Accurate tracking was obtained even in the presence of perturbing factors including significant head pose and facial expression variations, occlusions, and illumination changes
Electrostatic Ignition Hazards Associated with Dissipative Dust Filters (2015)

In present guidelines and codes of practice it is strongly recommended to use dissipative filter media in dust separators, if the minimum ignition energy of the powder is below 3 mJ and/or a hybrid mixture may be present. Despite being in compliance with this rule and despite the filter media passed the relevant tests, burnt product was found in a dust separator of pharmaceutical production. Extensive investigations have shown that the demands made in the present standards on dissipative filter clothes are not sufficient to prevent ignition of deposited powder and ignition of an explosive atmosphere. Proposals for additional tests and requirements are presented in the paper.
[Determination of phospholipids in bear bile by isocratic high performance liquid chromatography]. (1999)

A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) in the bear bile was established. The air-dried bile of bear was ground into powder and extracted continuously with V(chloroform):V(methanol) = 1:1 to a final dilution 25-fold the volume of the sample. The extract was washed by addition to it of 0.5 its volume of 0.58% aqueous NaCl. The resulting mixture separated into two phases. The lower phase was the total pure lipid extract and was diluted to the desired volume by addition of V(chloroform):V(methanol) = 1:1 mixture and then injected into the HPLC system. The conditions of HPLC were P-E silica column (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 10 microns); V(acetonitrile):V(methanol) = 76:24 mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and UV detector at 205 nm. The linear regression equation was Y = 5,917X + 1,709(r = 0.9970) for PI, Y = 7,362.1X-6,608.2(r = 0.9949) for PE and Y = 2,457X-2,460.5(r = 0.9972) for PC. The linear range were 1.0-12.0 micrograms, 2.0-24.0 micrograms and 9.5-114.0 micrograms respectively, The relative standard deviation of peaks were 1.6%, 0.89% and 2.6% respectively. The average recovery of PC was 89.30% (RSD = 2.0%). The method enables a simple, rapid and reproducible quantification of PI, PE and PC.
Implementation and performance of the frequency-dependent<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>G</mml:mi><mml:mi>W</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>method within the PAW framework (2006)

Algorithmic details and results of fully frequency-dependent ${G}_{0}{W}_{0}$ calculations are presented. The implementation relies on the spectral representation of the involved matrices and their Hilbert or Kramers-Kronig transforms to obtain the polarizability and self-energy matrices at each frequency. Using this approach, the computational time for the calculation of polarizability matrices and quasiparticle energies is twice as that for a single frequency, plus Hilbert transforms. In addition, the implementation relies on the PAW method, which allows to treat $d$-states with relatively modest effort and permits the reevaluation of the core-valence interaction on the level of the Hartree-Fock approximation. Tests performed on an $sp$ material (Si) and materials with $d$ electrons (GaAs and CdS) yield quasiparticle energies that are very close to previous all-electron pseudopotential and all-electron full-potential linear muffin-tin-orbital calculations.
MIPortal: A High Capacity Server for Molecular Imaging Research (2005)

The introduction of novel molecular tools in research and clinical medicine has created a need for more refined information management systems. This article describes the design and implementation of such a new information platform: the Molecular Imaging Portal (MIPortal). The platform was created to organize, archive, and rapidly retrieve large datasets using Web-based browsers as access points. The system has been implemented in a heterogeneous, academic research environment serving Macintosh, Unix, and Microsoft Windows clients and has been shown to be extraordinarily robust and versatile. In addition, it has served as a useful tool for clinical trials and collaborative multi-institutional small-animal imaging research.
ASIP Instructions and Their Hardware Architecture for H.264 / AVC (2005)

H.264/AVC adopts new features compared with previous multimedia algorithms. It is inefficient to implement some of the new blocks using existing DSP instructions. Hence, new instructions are required to implement H.264/AVC. This paper proposes novel instructions for intra-prediction, in-loop deblocking filter, entropy coding and integer transform. Performance comparisons show that the required computation cycles for the in-loop deblocking filter can be reduced about 20 ~ 25%. This paper also proposes new instructions for the integer transform. The proposed instructions can execute one dimension forward/inverse integer transform. The integer transform can be implemented using much smaller hardware size than existing DSPs.
Application of the Solubility Parameter Concept to the Design of Chemiresistor Arrays (1998)

Arrays of unheated chemically sens1t1ve resistors (chemiresistors) can serve as extremely sma ! l, low-power consumption sensors with simple read-out electromcs. Most work has focused on the exotic polymeric organic metals, but here we report new results on carbon-loaded polymer composites, as well as polymeric ionic conductors. We use the solubility parameter concept to understand and categorize the chemiresistor responses and, in particular, we compare chemiresistors fabricat d from polyisobutylene (PIB) to results from FIB-coated acoustic wave sensors.
Identification of novel malodour compounds in laundry (2011)

ABSTRACT We investigated malodorous compounds on clothes in daily use and identified, for the first time, middle‐chain fatty acids responsible for the malodour often described as ‘wet and dirty dust‐cloth‐like’. Application of a preparative fraction collector and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of the acidic volatile fraction carefully isolated from used clothes revealed the newly identified odorants responsible for unpleasant odours. In particular, the olfactory threshold of 4‐methyl‐3‐hexenoic acid (4M3H), which has the ‘wet and dirty dust‐cloth‐like’ odour, was found to be the lowest among the detected fatty acids. Although 4M3H was present in trace amounts in the clothes tested (up to 5 µg/50 g cloth), an aroma extract dilution analysis revealed that it contributed the highest to the overall strength of malodour on them. In addition, quantitative analysis of the detected fatty acids in the clothes revealed a correlation between the logarithm of several fatty acid concentrations (their amount in the clothes) and the overall odour intensity. In particular, 4M3H showed a high correlation value ( r = 0.72, p < 0.05). These results provide proof that these odorants can be used as indicators to assess the effectiveness of detergents and to develop a new deodorant technology. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.