gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stable nematic droplets with handles (2013)

We stabilize nematic droplets with handles against surface tension-driven instabilities, using a yield-stress material as outer fluid, and study the complex nematic textures and defect structures that result from the competition between topological constraints and the elasticity of the nematic liquid crystal. We uncover a surprisingly persistent twisted configuration of the nematic director inside the droplets when tangential anchoring is established at their boundaries, which we explain after considering the influence of saddle splay on the elastic free energy. For toroidal droplets, we find that the saddle-splay energy screens the twisting energy, resulting in a spontaneous breaking of mirror symmetry; the chiral twisted state persists for aspect ratios as large as ∼20. For droplets with additional handles, we observe in experiments and computer simulations that there are two additional -1 surface defects per handle; these are located in regions with local saddle geometry to minimize the nematic distortions and hence the corresponding elastic free energy.
Terahertz Detection by a Homodyne Field Effect Transistor Multiplicative Mixer (2012)

We demonstrate an efficient scheme for mixing and down-conversion of two orthogonally polarized terahertz beams in a field effect transistor at frequencies far above frequencies where the transistor has gain. One signal is applied between gate and source and the other between drain and source. The mixer is a field detector with 960 pW/Hz noise-equivalent power at a local oscillator (LO) power of 8 μW . Orthogonal LO and signal power allows for simple diplexing.
Practical Aspects of Rape Investigation (2016)

Emphasizes the collaborative roles of investigators, health care professionals and prosecuters in the case of the rape victim and the apprehension and conviction of the rapist.
A case of personal identification due to detection of rare DNA types from seminal stain (2009)

Following a rape incident in an apartment in Japan, we were requested to perform a DNA analysis on a body fluid stain left on a bath towel to determine whether it could be attributed to the suspect. The acid phosphatase and prostatic-specific antigen tests confirmed it to be a seminal stain. Based on the DNA analysis by autosomal and Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (STR) systems, no inconsistency was found with the profile of the suspect with African ancestry. In this case, allele 21 of DYS390 at the Y-STR locus was examined, as it is reported to have a distinctly lower frequency in the Japanese population. Furthermore, the haplotype combinations of Y-STR at the DYS389I, DYS389II and DYS390 loci are powerful for personal identification, as these have not yet been found in the Japanese population.
Practical Protocol for the Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Arylphosphonates from Bromoarenes and Diethyl Phosphite (2005)

A greatly improved, reliable protocol for the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of dialkyl phosphites with aryl bromides has been developed. The use of an alcoholic solvent was the key to high yields in the synthesis of a broad variety of arylphosphonates, with Pd(OAc)2/PPh3 as the catalyst and a sterically demanding ­tertiary amine as the base.
Direct Enzymatic Synthesis of a Polyester with Free Pendant Mercapto Groups (2008)

An aliphatic polyester with free pendant mercapto groups was prepared by direct lipase-catalyzed polycondensation of hexane-1,6-diol and dimethyl 2-mercaptosuccinate. The polycondensation reaction using immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (lipase CA) was carried out in bulk at 70 degrees C without any formation of disulfide or thioester linkages to produce the corresponding polyester with Mw = 14000 g/mol in high yield. The content of free mercapto groups in the polyester could be controlled by copolymerization with other monomers. The obtained polyester was easily cross-linked to form gels by the air oxidation of the pendant thiols to disulfides in dimethyl sulfoxide.
Model based time-frequency estimation of ultrasonic echoes for NDE applications (2002)

Modeling the ultrasonic signals in terms of the Gaussian echoes assures a solution for signal parameters and a technique for time-frequency representation. In this study, the parameter estimation is addressed using iterative Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation algorithms. To reduce the computational complexity, we have developed a divide-and-conquer estimation procedure. Upon estimation, we have explored the merits of this model-based technique for time-frequency analysis of ultrasonic echoes. In particular, we are presenting ultrasonic experimental data where the microstructure scattering echoes dominate the flaw echoes (SNR is about 0 dB). This type of data is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of model based time-frequency representation over conventional techniques such as Wigner-Ville distribution and short-time Fourier transform.
Address Remapping for Static NUCA in NoC-Based Degradable Chip-Multiprocessors (2010)

Large scale Chip-Multiprocessors (CMPs) generally employ Network-on-Chip (NoC) to connect the last level cache (LLC), which is generally organized as distributed NUCA (non-uniform cache access) arrays for scalability and efficiency. On the other hand, aggressive technology scaling induces severe reliability problems, causing on-chip components (e.g., cores, cache banks, routers) failure due to manufacture defects or on-line hardware faults. Typical degradable CMPs should possess the ability to work around defects by disabling faulty components. For static NUCA architecture, when cache banks attached to a computing node are disabled, however, certain physical address sections will no longer be accessible. Prior approaches such as sets reduction introduced in Intel Xeon processor 7100 series enable turning off cache banks by masking certain sets bits in physical address1, which greatly wastes cache capacity. In this paper, we propose to tackle the above problem in a finer granularity to restrict the capacity loss in NUCA cache. Cache accesses to isolated nodes are redirected based on the utility-driven address remapping scheme that reduces data blocks conflicts in fault-tolerant shared-LLC. We evaluate our technique using GEMS simulator. Experimental results show that address remapping achieves significant improvement over the conventional cache sizing scheme.
The direct-conversion resonant switched capacitor architecture with merged multiphase interleaving: Cost and performance comparison (2015)

Switched capacitor and resonant switched capacitor topologies have gained interest in recent years for highly integrated (monolithic) DC-DC converters, and more generally for a range of applications that require high density, high efficiency, and low cost. This work presents experimental and theoretical results for a new resonant topology that has architectural similarity to the more common 3-level buck converter. We further outline the prospects of using merged-interleaving to reduce voltage ripple while maximizing the utilization of passive components. We present the results of an experimental prototype that can be configured as a switched capacitor, resonant switched capacitor, or resonant 3-level topology. Importantly, by constraining factors such as total cost of active and passive components, volumetric energy density, and other design factors, we attempt to provide a fair comparison of the respective converter prototypes for applications spanning DC power delivery, and power management for renewable energy applications such as photovoltaics and battery management.
CCD Charge Injection Structure at Very Small Signal Levels (2008)

A frame transfer charge-coupled device (CCD) designed for X-ray detection on board the SUZAKU spacecraft includes an input serial register and a charge injection structure which allows a very uniform injection of extremely small charge packets into the imaging section of the device. A variation of the fill-and-spill method was implemented to inject charge into the CCD. Very small charge packets (down to just a few electrons) can be reproducibly injected with noise as low as five-electron rms. The operation of the structure is described, and the results of the measurements are compared with the simulations. We have measured electron ldquoevaporationrdquo over potential barrier as a function of time, results being in excellent agreement with our model. By fitting a model to the data, it is possible to determine the internal capacitance of the input node. Charge injection noise as a function of signal charge was measured, and the results are also in agreement with theory. The designed structure can be used as a tool for studying and mitigating radiation damage effects in CCDs.
Introducing the QCEP-testing system for executable acceptance test driven development of complex event processing applications (2013)

In this paper we introduce the open source testing system QCEP-TS for realizing executable acceptance test driven development (EATDD) of complex event processing (CEP) applications. We will motivate the need of EATDD in this domain and argue that state of the art solutions do not address this topic or have substantial weaknesses. We show the design approach of our testing system including a vendor independent testing syntax. We also state relevant challenges for testing CEP applications and discuss implementation details of our solution. On the basis of a real world scenario we demonstrate first practical experiences of our solution. QCEP-TS is available as open source project at http://sourceforge.net/p/qcep-ts. QCEP (Quality Assurance of Complex Event Processing) is a collaboration project of the Munich University of Applied Sciences, the Technical University of Dresden and the UniCredit Business Integrated Solutions S.C.p.A.
Embedded Systems Security Challenges (2014)

In a world of pervasive computing, embedded systems can be found in a wide range of products and are employed in various heterogeneous domains. The abovementioned devices often need to access, store, manipulate and/or communicate sensitive or even critical information, making the security of their resources and services an important concern in their design process. These issues are further exacerbated by the resource-constrained nature of the devices, in conjunction with the ever-present need for smaller size and lower production costs. This paper aims to provide an overview of the challenges in designing secure embedded systems, covering both node hardware and software issues, as well as relevant network protocols and cryptographic algorithms. Moreover, recent advances in the field are identified, highlighting opportunities for future research.
Touch-induced visual illusion (2005)

Although vision is considered the dominant modality, recent studies demonstrate the influence of other modalities on visual perception. For example, in the sound-induced flash illusion, two auditory stimuli cause one visual flash to be perceived as two. We report an extension of the sound-induced flash illusion to the tactile-visual domain, yielding the touch-induced flash illusion. Observers reported seeing two flashes on the majority of trials when a single flash was presented concurrently with two task-irrelevant brief tactile stimuli. Somatosensory stimulation changed the sensitivity (d') of detecting visual stimuli, which suggests that the observed effect is at least partly due to perceptual interactions. Together with other recent findings, these results challenge the notion that the processing of visual information is independent of activity in other modalities.
Proposal of polyhedron based spherical stepping motors (2008)

A novel stepping motor principle based on a pair of polyhedrons are proposed. At first, I will show the goal of my study and the design concept of high torque spherical motor. Next, the principle of the conventional stepping motor is reviewed. Then, I will explain how to expand the principle of the conventional stepping motor to the three dimensional space with an example of a regular dodecahedron and a truncated octahedron based spherical stepping motor. Some polyhedrons are introduced for the candidates of making the polyhedron based spherical stepping motor. The proposed spherical stepping motors will be wide working area and high-torque.
Exploration of Victoria Crater by the Mars Rover Opportunity (2009)

The Mars rover Opportunity has explored Victoria crater, an approximately 750-meter eroded impact crater formed in sulfate-rich sedimentary rocks. Impact-related stratigraphy is preserved in the crater walls, and meteoritic debris is present near the crater rim. The size of hematite-rich concretions decreases up-section, documenting variation in the intensity of groundwater processes. Layering in the crater walls preserves evidence of ancient wind-blown dunes. Compositional variations with depth mimic those approximately 6 kilometers to the north and demonstrate that water-induced alteration at Meridiani Planum was regional in scope.
Motion Artifact Cancellation in NIR Spectroscopy Using Wiener Filtering (2005)

We present a Wiener filtering based algorithm for the elimination of motion artifacts present in Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy measurements. Until now, adaptive filtering was the only technique used in the noise cancellation in NIR studies. The results in this preliminary study revealed that the proposed method gives better estimates than the classical adaptive filtering approach without the need for additional sensor measurements. Moreover, this novel technique has the potential to filter out motion artifacts in functional near infrared (fNIR) signals, too.
Expression of Functional Human Monoamine Oxidase A and B cDNAs in Mammalian Cells (1989)

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B are important enzymes that metabolize biogenic amines throughout the body. Previous studies had suggested that both MAO A and B consist of two subunits of molecular masses of 63 and 60 kilodaltons, respectively. The cDNAs encoding one subunit of human liver MAO A and B have been expressed in mammalian cells by transfection of the individual clones. The proteins expressed from these cDNAs are shown to be catalytically active. Similar to the endogenous enzymes, the expressed MAO A prefers serotonin as a substrate and is sensitive to the inhibitor clorgyline. In contrast, the expressed MAO B prefers phenylethylamine as a substrate and is sensitive to the inhibitor deprenyl. These results suggest that a single polypeptide of MAO A (or B), existing as either a monomer or homodimer, is enzymatically active. The ability to obtain functional MAO A and B from their respective cDNA clones allows us to study further the structure and function relationships of these important enzymes.
Single neuron capture and axonal development in three-dimensional microscale hydrogels (2012)

Autapse is an unusual type of synapse generated by a neuron on itself. The ability to monitor axonal growth of single neurons and autapse formation in three-dimensions (3D) may provide fundamental information relating to many cellular processes, such as axonal development, synaptic plasticity and neural signal transmission. However, monitoring such growth is technically challenging due to the requirement for precise capture and long-term analysis of single neurons in 3D. Herein, we present a simple two-step photolithography method to efficiently capture single cells in microscale gelatin methacrylate hydrogel rings. We applied this method to capture and culture single neurons. The results demonstrated that neural axons grew and consequently formed axonal circles, indicating that our method could be an enabling tool to analyze axonal development and autapse formation. This method holds great potential for impact in multiple areas, such as neuroscience, cancer biology, and stem cell biology.
Lithography, metrology and nanomanufacturing (2011)

Semiconductor chip manufacturing is by far the predominant nanomanufacturing technology in the world today. Top-down lithography techniques are used for fabrication of logic and memory chips since, in order to function, these chips must essentially be perfect. Assuring perfection requires expensive metrology. Top of the line logic sells for several hundred thousand dollars per square metre and, even though the required metrology is expensive, it is a small percentage of the overall manufacturing cost. The level of stability and control afforded by current lithography tools means that much of this metrology can be online and statistical. In contrast, many of the novel types of nanomanufacturing currently being developed will produce products worth only a few dollars per square metre. To be cost effective, the required metrology must cost proportionately less. Fortunately many of these nanofabrication techniques, such as block copolymer self-assembly, colloidal self-assembly, DNA origami, roll-2-roll nano-imprint, etc., will not require the same level of perfection to meet specification. Given the variability of these self-assembly processes, in order to maintain process control, these techniques will require some level of real time online metrology. Hence we are led to the conclusion that future nanomanufacturing may well necessitate "cheap" nanometre scale metrology which functions real time and on-line, e.g. at GHz rates, in the production stream. In this paper we review top-down and bottom-up nanofabrication techniques and compare and contrast the various metrology requirements.
Fabrication and characteristics of gain-coupled distributed feedback semiconductor lasers with a corrugated active layer (1991)

A distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser structure in which pure gain coupling can be realized is proposed. The fabrication procedure of this structure makes use of a special feature of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy. Lasers of this structure were fabricated to show the validity of the proposal. Coupling coefficients of DFB lasers were calculated considering the gain-coupling component. Using the results, a DFB laser was designed to obtain pure gain coupling. The parameters of the actual structure observed under a scanning electron microscope showed good agreement with those designed. Device characteristics predicted for purely gain-coupled DFB lasers were achieved. For greater gain coupling and lower threshold current operation, an optimization of the Al composition of the pattern-providing layer and the thickness of the active layer in the structure has been carried out.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Recognition of Polarized Lipid Bilayers by <i>p</i>-Oligophenyl Ion Channels:  From Push−Pull Rods to Push−Pull Barrels (2002)

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 14-methoxy-84-methylsulfonyl-22,33,42,53,62,73-hexa(Gla-Leu-Lys-Leu-NH2)-p-octiphenyl (1) and 14,84-bismethoxy-22,33,42,53,62,73-hexa(Gla-Leu-Lys-Leu-NH2)-p-octiphenyl (2) are described (Gla = -OCH2CO-). Nanomolar concentrations of push-pull rod 1 are found to suffice to selectively form ion channels in polarized spherical bilayer membranes composed of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine. Exponential dependence of the ion-channel activity on membrane polarization reveals a gating charge of 0.85/channel. Independence of the activity of push-push rod 2 on membrane potential demonstrates that cell membrane recognition originates from the axial dipole in push-pull rod 1. Nonlinear concentration dependence of activity at -180 mV indicates parallel self-assembly of push-pull rod 1 into a tetrameric barrel-stave supramolecule.
Ventricular Fibrillation and Competitive Pacing (1967)

SUDDEN death in persons with artificial pacemakers is a continuing and disturbing problem. Causes include pacemaker-catheter displacement, electric-component failure, broken wires and rising pacing threshold. Each of these may be resolved in a relatively simple fashion once recognized.1 , 2 More of an unsolved problem is that of competitive rhythm between pacemaker-induced impulses and the patient's own intrinsic focus or foci. Sowton,3 comparing mortality rates between patients with competitive and noncompetitive rhythms, found the rate five times higher in the former. Individual case reports4 , 5 have documented the onset of ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, or both, at the moment of inscription of the . . .
Novel synthesis of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazoles (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel synthesis of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazolesRichard F. Borch and Richard G. NewellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 15, 2729–2730Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00955a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00955a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Temperature sensitivity of plate modes in ST quartz (2002)

On considering 13 modes with shear horizontal (SH) polarization, propagating perpendicular to the x-axis in a ST quartz plate, it is experimentally shown and theoretically verified how the temperature coefficient of delay (TCD) and its behavior vs. temperature depend monotonically on the order n of the mode. This property is attributed to the different sensitivities of the modes towards temperature variations in c/sub 12/, c/sub 14/ and c/sub 44/ elastic moduli. The modes sensitivities towards density /spl rho/, elastic moduli c/sub 11/, c/sub 13/, c/sub 33/ and plate thickness h are either temperature independent or negligibly small. The best thermal stability (TCD/spl ap/0) over the widest temperature range (2-92/spl deg/C) has been detected for the 6/sup th/ mode, while the largest one (350 ppm//spl deg/C) has been measured for the 13/sup th/ mode, at 47/spl deg/C. For comparison, five Lamb modes, propagating along the x-direction in the same quartz plate, show a non monotonic dependence of the thermal coefficient on the mode number, a temperature independent TCD in the range 2-92/spl deg/C, a minimum and maximum value of the TCD (/spl ap/0.7 ppm//spl deg/C and /spl ap/100 ppm//spl deg/C) for the 0/sup th/ symmetric mode and for the 1/sup st/ anti-symmetric mode, respectively.