gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The N-terminal region of the luteovirus readthrough domain determines virus binding to Buchnera GroEL and is essential for virus persistence in the aphid (1997)

Luteoviruses and the luteovirus-like pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV; genus Enamovirus) are transmitted by aphids in a circulative, nonreplicative manner. Acquired virus particles persist for several weeks in the aphid hemolymph, in which a GroEL homolog, produced by the primary endosymbiont of the aphid, is abundantly present. Six subgroup II luteoviruses and PEMV displayed a specific but differential affinity for Escherichia coli GroEL and GroEL homologs isolated from the endosymbiotic bacteria of both vector and nonvector aphid species. These observations suggest that the basic virus-binding capacity resides in a conserved region of the GroEL molecule, although other GroEL domains may influence the efficiency of binding. Purified luteovirus and enamovirus particles contain a major 22-kDa coat protein (CP) and lesser amounts of an approximately 54-kDa readthrough protein, expressed by translational readthrough of the CP into the adjacent open reading frame. Beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) mutants devoid of the readthrough domain (RTD) did not bind to Buchnera GroEL, demonstrating that the RTD (and not the highly conserved CP) contains the determinants for GroEL binding. In vivo studies showed that virions of these BWYV mutants were significantly less persistent in the aphid hemolymph than were virions containing the readthrough protein. These data suggest that the Buchnera GroEL-RTD interaction protects the virus from rapid degradation in the aphid. Sequence comparison analysis of the RTDs of different luteoviruses and PEMV identified conserved residues potentially important in the interaction with Buchnera GroEL.
Hypoxic Regulation of Angiopoietin-2 Expression in Endothelial Cells (2004)

Exposure of endothelial cells to hypoxia-induced angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) expression. The increase in Ang2 mRNA levels occurred by transcriptional regulation and by post-transcriptional increase in mRNA stability. Induction of Ang2 mRNA resulted in an increase of intracellular and secreted Ang2 protein levels. Since the transcriptional regulation of several genes involved in angiogenesis during hypoxia is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), it was conceivable that Ang2 expression might be regulated by the same oxygen-dependent mechanism. However, our data showed that pharmacological HIF inducers, CoCl(2) and DFO, did not affect Ang2 expression. Moreover, HIF-1-deficient hepatoma cell (Hepa1 c4) and its wild-type counterpart (Hepa1 c1c4) up-regulates Ang2 during hypoxia. These results indicated that hypoxia-driven Ang2 expression may be independent of the HIF pathway. Using neutralizing VEGF antibody or pharmacological inhibitors of VEGF receptors, we showed that hypoxia-induced VEGF participates but could not account completely for Ang2 expression during hypoxia. In addition, hypoxia elicited an increase of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and a parallel increase in prostanglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and prostacyclin (PGI(2)) production. COX-2 inhibitors decreased the hypoxic induction of Ang2 and the hypoxic induction of PGE(2) and PGI(2) in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, COX-2 but not COX-1 antisense treatment decreased hypoxic induction of Ang2 expression, and this effect was reversed by exogenous PGE(2). Finally, exogenous PGE(2) and PGI(2) were able to stimulate Ang2 under normoxic conditions. These findings suggest that COX-2-dependent prostanoids may play an important role in the regulation of hypoxia-induced Ang2 expression.
Molecular Mechanism of Photoactivation and Structural Location of the Cyanobacterial Orange Carotenoid Protein (2013)

The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) plays a photoprotective role in cyanobacterial photosynthesis similar to that of nonphotochemical quenching in higher plants. Under high-light conditions, the OCP binds to the phycobilisome (PBS) and reduces the extent of transfer of energy to the photosystems. The protective cycle starts from a light-induced activation of the OCP. Detailed information about the molecular mechanism of this process as well as the subsequent recruitment of the active OCP to the phycobilisome are not known. We report here our investigation on the OCP photoactivation from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by using a combination of native electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) and protein cross-linking. We demonstrate that native MS can capture the OCP with its intact pigment and further reveal that the OCP undergoes a dimer-to-monomer transition upon light illumination. The reversion of the activated form of the OCP to the inactive, dark form was also observed by using native MS. Furthermore, in vitro reconstitution of the OCP and PBS allowed us to perform protein chemical cross-linking experiments. Liquid chromatography–MS/MS analysis identified cross-linking species between the OCP and the PBS core components. Our result indicates that the N-terminal domain of the OCP is closely involved in the association with a site formed by two allophycocyanin trimers in the basal cylinders of the phycobilisome core. This report improves our understanding of the activation mechanism of the OCP and the structural binding site of the OCP during the cyanobacterial nonphotochemical quenching process.
Fabrication of pyroelectric thin film ceramics by tape casting method (2002)

The purpose of this research is to obtain the sensitive element of infrared (IR) detector directly by tape casting method. The green tapes of pyroelectric ceramic with the thickness of 100-160 /spl mu/m were cast from the slurry composed of pyroelectric ceramic powder and an appropriate binder-solvent system. The influence of a special "Sandwich" sintering process on the properties of the monolayer thin film pyroelectric ceramic were investigated. As a result smooth thin pyroelectric ceramic sheets with relative high density have been obtained. The dielectric and pyroelectric properties of samples made by tape casting were almost the same as those shaped by dry pressing process. The experiment proves that the tape casting method is a feasible process to make pyroelectric thin film ceramics.
Preparation and characterization of cardanol‐based epoxy resin for coating at room temperature curing (2013)

ABSTRACT Novel organic solvent‐free bio‐based epoxy resin for coating was prepared from cashew nut shell liquid which is one of renewable resources. The epoxy coating was fabricated by the reaction between amine compounds and epoxy cardanol prepolymer (ECP). The drying, physical, and thermal properties of the epoxy were investigated and compared with those of the commercial cashew coating. The ECP was synthesized by thermal polymerization under the various conditions. Based on the FT‐IR analysis, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups were generated, and viscosity increased with increasing heating temperature and time. On the other hand, the NMR analysis showed decrease in the degree of unsaturation in the side group of cardanol. Based on these results, the polymerization of the ECP could be autoxidized in the unsaturated group in the side chains. The drying time until harden dry of the ECP coating took about 2.5 h at room temperature, which is faster than that of the commercial cashew coating. This is because that the curing of ECP coating was based on the prepolymer (i.e., high molecular weight) and crosslink reaction between epoxy and amine groups. The ECP coating was rubbery state due to the flexible side chains of cardanol. Furthermore, the ECP coating improved chemical stability compared with the commercial cashew. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2468–2478, 2013
Real time mono vision gesture based virtual keyboard system (2006)

This paper presents a novel mono-vision virtual keyboard design for consumers of mobile and portable computing devices such as PDA's, mobile phones etc. Fuzzy approaches to gesture recognition are developed to reveal the key pressed over the printed sheet keyboard by analyzing the hand and finger gesture captured in the video sequence. Real time system is developed by integrating SDIO camera with PDA in the application environment. Reliable results are experienced by the implementation of the proposed real time mono vision gestured virtual keyboard system
Multiway range trees: scalable IP lookup with fast updates (2002)

In this paper, we introduce a new IP lookup scheme with worst-case search and update time of O(log n), where n is the number of prefixes in the forwarding table. Our scheme is based on a new data structure, a multiway range tree. While existing lookup schemes are good for IPv4, they do not scale well in both lookup speed and update costs when addresses grow longer as in the IPv6 proposal. Thus our lookup scheme is the first lookup scheme to offer fast lookups and updates for IPv6 while remaining competitive for IPv4.
Evaluation of effects of gibberellic acid on maize (Zea mays L.) in different planting dates (2009)

In order to study the effects of foliar application of gibberellic acid on maize (hybrid BC504) in different planting dates, a field experiment was carried out in Sarabchengaee Agriculture Research Station in Khorramabad, Iran in 2006. The experiment was laid out as a split plot design based on Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications, in which planting dates constituted the main plot with three levels (June 7, June 21 and July 5) and gibberellic acid constituted the sub-plot with four levels (control, 0 ppm, 5 ppm, 50 ppm and 250 ppm, amounting to 400 liters/ha). Results showed that variation in planting dates had a significant effect on plant height, grain yield, 1000-seed weight and days to flowering. Gibberellic acid and its interaction with planting date did not have a significant effect on the studied traits.
Molecular Beam Epitaxial Growth of GaN on (0001) Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Using an Ultrathin Amorphous Buffer Layer Deposited at Low Temperature (2000)

The effects of buffer layer quality and/or deposition conditions on the molecular beam epitaxy of GaN on c-Al 2 O 3 substrates were investigated. In order to precisely determine the effects of a thin buffer layer, atomically flat and monolayer-stepped Al 2 O 3 substrates were prepared by conventional chemical etching with a H 3 PO 4 : H 2 SO 4 solution. A significant improvement in the crystalline quality of the GaN epilayer was achieved when ultrathin amorphous buffer layers deposited at temperatures as low as 125°C were used. It was found that low-temperature deposition leading to an amorphous buffer layer is important for the optimization of the subsequent GaN epitaxial layer. The thickness of the buffer layer is critical; only a very thin amorphous layer can be well crystallized during the thermal annealing process before epilayer growth. It was found that GaN epilayers grown on this buffer layer gave rise to band-edge emissions (357 nm/FWHM=19.7 meV) without any deep emissions in low-temperature photoluminescence and led to (0002) X-ray rocking curves with a full-width at half maximum of about 9.8 arcmin.
Incoherent 40-Gbit/s 16QAM and 30-Gbit/s staggered 8APSK (amplitude- and phase-shift keying ) signaling with digital phase pre-integration technique (2008)

The use of arbitrary signal constellation for incoherent optical multilevel signaling has been demonstrated with newly proposed transmitter-side digital phase pre-integration technique for the first time by up to 16QAM signaling experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: The Ene Reaction of 5‐Allyl‐2ξ‐hydroxy‐5α‐cholestan‐3‐one: An Unusually Facile Ene Reaction. (1987)

Abstract Cholestenone (I) is transformed into the unsaturated acyloin (IX) via the intermediates (III) ‐ (VIII) as shown in the reaction scheme.
Plant cell culture strategies for the production of natural products (2016)

Plants have evolved a vast chemical cornucopia to support their sessile lifestyles. Man has exploited this natural resource since Neolithic times and currently plant-derived chemicals are exploited for a myriad of applications. However, plant sources of most high-value natural products (NPs) are not domesticated and therefore their production cannot be undertaken on an agricultural scale. Further, these plant species are often slow growing, their populations limiting, the concentration of the target molecule highly variable and routinely present at extremely low concentrations. Plant cell and organ culture constitutes a sustainable, controllable and environmentally friendly tool for the industrial production of plant NPs. Further, advances in cell line selection, biotransformation, product secretion, cell permeabilisation, extraction and scale-up, among others, are driving increases in plant NP yields. However, there remain significant obstacles to the commercial synthesis of high-value chemicals from these sources. The relatively recent isolation, culturing and characterisation of cambial meristematic cells (CMCs), provides an emerging platform to circumvent many of these potential difficulties. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(3): 149-158].
Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: Clinical utility and limitations (2008)

Based on available data, the measurement of serum ProCT has definite utility as a marker of severe systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis. However, publications concerning its diagnostic and prognostic utility are contradictory. In addition, patient characteristics and clinical settings vary markedly, and the data have been difficult to interpret and often extrapolated inappropriately to clinical usage. Furthermore, attempts at meta-analyses are greatly compromised by the divergent circumstances of reported studies and by the sparsity and different timing of the ProCT assays. Although a high ProCT commonly occurs in infection, it is also elevated in some noninfectious conditions. Thus, the test is not a specific indicator of either infection or sepsis. Moreover, in any individual patient, the precipitating cause of an illness, the clinical milieu, and complicating conditions may render tenuous any reliable estimations of severity or prognosis. It also is apparent that even a febrile septic patient with documented bacteremia may not necessarily have a serum ProCT that is elevated above the limit of functional sensitivity of the assay. In this regard, the most commonly applied assay (i.e., LUMItest) is insufficiently sensitive to detect potentially important mild elevations or trends. Clinical studies with a more sensitive ProCT assay that is capable of rapid and practicable day-to-day monitoring are needed and shortly may be available. In addition, investigations showing that ProCT and its related peptides may have mediator relevance point to the need for evaluating therapeutic countermeasures and studying the pathophysiologic effect of hyperprocalcitonemia in serious infection and sepsis.
Concurrent mobile on-site and <i>In Situ</i> striped bass contaminant and water quality studies in the choptank river and upper chesapeake bay (1988)

Abstract In situ and mobile on-site striped bass prolarval and yearling survival studies were conducted in the Choptank River and in the Chesapeake and Delaware (C & D) Canal area of the Upper Chesapeake Bay. Extensive chemical analyses of both organic and inorganic contaminants in the habitat water were performed and water quality parameters were monitored during these experiments. Surviving yearling striped bass were subjected to histological examination. Prolarval survival data from both the in situ and mobile on-site studies were similar for each spawning area. Prolarval survival ranged from 30 to 45% after 96 h of exposure to Choptank River water in four separate experiments (two in situ, two on-site); control survival was greater than 74%. Based on a comparison of laboratory toxicity data and reported field concentrations in the Choptank River for various water quality and contaminant conditions, the following combination of conditions was potentially stressful to striped bass prolarvae: low hardness (36 to 48 mg/L CaCO3), monomeric aluminum (0.150 mg/L), cadmium (0.003 mg/L) and copper (0.040 mg/L). Yearling survival in both in situ and on-site tests ranged from 93 to 100% in both the control and Choptank River water after 9 d of exposure. Survival of striped bass prolarvae in C & D Canal water ranged from 52.5 to 70% after 96 h of exposure in four separate experiments. Control survival of prolarvae was not significantly different. Survival of yearling striped bass in on-site and in situ tests was 95% or greater in C & D Canal water and control water. Acute contaminant effects were not verified in the C & D Canal area.
Toward active, extensible, networked documents (1996)

Rich varieties of online digital documents are possible, documents which do not merely imitate the capabilities of other media. A true digital document provides an interface to potentially complex content. Since this content is infinitely varied and specialized, we must provide means to interact with it in arbitrarily specialized ways. Furthermore, since relevant content may be found in distinct documents, we must draw from multiple sources, yet provide a coherent presentation to the user Finally, it is essential to be able to conveniently author new content, dejine new means of manipulation, and seamlessly mesh both with existing materials. Wepresent a new general paradigm that regards documents with complex content as “multivalent documents”, comprising multiple “layers” of distinct but intimately related content. Small, dynamically-loaded program objects, or “behaviors”, activate the content and work in concert with each other and layers of content to support arbitrarily specialized document types. Behaviors bind together the disparate pieces of a multivalent document to present the user with a single untjied conceptual document. As implemented in Java in the context of the World Wide Web, multivalent documents in effect create a customizable virtual Web, drawing together diverse content and functionality into coherent documentbased inte~aces to content. Examples of the diverse jimctionality in multivalent documents include: “OCR select and paste”, where the user describes a geometric region on the scanned image of a printed page and the corresponding text characters are copied out; video subtitling, which aligns a video clip with the script and language translations so that, e.g., the playing video can be presented simultaneously in multiple languages, and the video can be searrhed with text-based techniques; geographic information system (GIS) visualizations that compose several types of data from multiple datasets; and distributed user annotations that augment and may transform the Content of other documents. In general, a document management infrastructure built around a multivalent perspective can provide an extensible, networked system that supports incremental addition of content, incremental addition of interaction with the user and with other components, reuse of content across behaviors, reuse of behaviors across types of documents, and eficient use of network bandwidth. Multivalent The work reported here was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant IRI-9411334 as part of the NSF/NASA/ARPA Digital
MFH of Bone and Osteosarcoma Show Similar Survival and Chemosensitivity (2010)

Level III, prognostic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Synthesis of cis-2-aza-3-oxo-4-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]octane and cis-2-aza-3-oxo-4-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of cis-2-aza-3-oxo-4-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]octane and cis-2-aza-3-oxo-4-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptaneJ. W. Wheeler, C. C. Shroff, Wilford Seabright Stewart, and S. J. UhmCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 22, 3356–3361Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00821a019RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views347Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (842 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A 1.2&#x2013;0.55V general-purpose biomedical processor with configurable machine-learning accelerators for high-order, patient-adaptive monitoring (2012)

Machine learning offers powerful advantages in sensing systems, enabling the creation and adaptation of high-order signal models by exploiting the sensed data. We present a general-purpose processor that employs configurable machine-learning accelerators to analyze physiological signals at low energy levels for a broad range of biomedical applications. Implemented in 130nm LP CMOS, the processor operates from 1.2V-0.55V (logic). It achieves real-time EEG-based seizure detection at 273μW (at 0.85V) and patient-adaptive ECG-based cardiac-arrhythmia detection at 124μW (at 0.75V), yielding overall energy savings of 62.4× and 144.7× thanks to the accelerators.
A Longitudinal Study of the Development of Reading Prosody as a Dimension of Oral Reading Fluency in Early Elementary School Children (2008)

The purpose of this study was to examine the development of reading prosody and its impact on later reading skills. Suprasegmental features of oral reading were measured for 92 children at the end of grades 1 and 2 and oral reading fluency and reading comprehension assessments at the end of the third-grade school year. Tests were carried out to determine (a) the manner in which the key features of oral reading prosody unfold with development and (b) the extent to which the development of reading prosody is predictive of later oral reading fluency and comprehension outcomes beyond word reading skills alone. Path model tests found a relationship between the presence of fewer pausal intrusions during oral reading in first grade and subsequent development of an adult-like intonation contour in second grade. Outcome model tests indicated that the intonation contour was a significant predictor of later fluency once word reading skills were taken into account. Decreases in the number of pausal intrusions between the first and second grades and early acquisition of an adult-like intonation contour predicted better comprehension later. Thus, prosodic oral reading might signal that children have achieved fluency and are more capable of understanding what they read. Results of this study support the inclusion of prosody in formal definitions of oral reading fluency.
Fault Simulator Based on a Hardware-in-the-Loop Technique (2012)

Among motor faults, bearing, rotator, and stator failures are the most commonly reported. Because of the low-amplitude fault signatures in the current spectrum, they are also the most challenging to diagnose, even in line-driven motors. However, a fault simulator of induction motors has not been adequately investigated in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to build a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation system to model system failures of induction drives. The HIL system is based on a dynamical mathematical model, consisting of a dSPACE control system to process data and a real dc motor. The proposed system can produce bearing, rotator, stator, and sensor failures for testing of various fault diagnosis schemes. The experimental results show its functionality.