gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study and manipulation of photoluminescent NV color center in diamond (2010)

Le contrôle des propriétés et la maîtrise du couplage cohérent d'objets quantiques individuels dans une matrice solide sont un enjeu essentiel pour le développement de l'information quantique. Les centres colorés dans le diamant, équivalent aux molécules artificielles, présentent des caractéristiques qui sont très prometteuses pour la réalisation d'une telle application. Parmi les centres colorés, le centre NV (azote-lacune) est le plus intéressant, dû en particulier à sa grande photostabilité à température ambiante. Le travail de cette thèse est consacré à l'étude des propriétés optiques et électroniques des centres colorés NV à température ambiante.
Arthritis in Acute Leukemia (1981)

Eight patients had acute leukemia and arthritis. In five the arthritis had no evident cause other than the leukemia, and three had crystal-induced arthritis. Effusions from both groups of patients were often inflammatory. The average synovial fluid leukocyte count from the five effusions attributed to leukemia was 8,790/cu mm. A synovial needle biopsy specimen from one of these patients showed acute and chronic inflammation but no leukemic infiltration. Bone involvement was suggested by bone pain in only one patient. In no case did arthritis persist in the presence of a hematologic remission. In the three patients with crystal-induced arthritis, the average synovial fluid leukocyte count was 13,000/cu mm. There were crystals of monosodium urate in one and of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate in two patients. Suspected blast forms were seen in the synovial fluid of only one patient, one of those with pseudogout. Electron microscopic studies of needle biopsy specimens of synovial membrane from leukemic patients with arthritis described herein for the first time showed no blast forms, virus-like particles, or electron-dense deposits in vessel walls to suggest specific mechanisms for the arthritis.
A Strategy for Effective Integration of Verification and Testing Techniques. (1980)

Abstract : This paper presents an approach to integrating four techniques for testing, analysis and verification into one overall strategy for incrementally raising confidence in software in a cost effective way. The paper summarizes the strengths, weaknesses, and operational characteristics of dynamic testing, static analysis, symbolic execution and formal verification. It uses a detailed example as an illustration. Next the integrated strategy is presented. Finally, there is a discussion of how this strategy can be used to raise confidence in software requirements and design specifications as well as in code, thereby making it applicable throughout the entire software lifecycle. (Author)
Maximum power generation in a piezoelectric pulse generator (2003)

This investigation presents and discusses maximization techniques for a high-power piezoelectric pulse generator. Maximizing the piezoelectric generator's output power is done by maximizing the product of generated voltage and output current. The maximization methods are derived from the mechanical and electrical models of the generator and provide design guidelines as to the geometric dimensions of the piezoelectric material and circuital conditions that will produce maximum power in the device. The theoretical results show the peak stack voltage to increase with an increasing thickness to area ratio of the piezoelectric material and with increasing applied force. However, in contrast to the peak output voltage, the peak output current increases with the decreasing of thickness to area ratio of the material. In addition to the physical dimension, the peak stack current increases as the value of the antenna inductor decreases. The output power of the piezoelectric generator, which is the product of output voltage and current, linearly increases with the thickness to area ratio. This result is due to the fact that the output voltage is larger comparing to the output current. Experimental results are also given to verify the theoretical results and represent the performance of several types of piezoelectric materials with different thickness to area ratios. The experimental results show good agreement with theoretical predictions. The results also show the peak power output of the experimental generator ranging from 7 to 28 kW with a corresponding power density from 9 to 173 kW/cm/sup 3/.
Chronobiological Aspects of Phosphohexoseisomerase in Monitoring Multiple Myeloma (1983)

In the field of oncology, the most important aim to date has been the finding of new means to improve the diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic diseases. Chronobiologically we have studied the behavior of phosphohexoseisomerase (PHI) in 11 multiple myeloma patients before treatment and in another group of 11 patients undergoing polychemotherapy treatment. From all patients, under the same standard conditions, 6 venous samples were taken at 4-hour intervals starting at 08.00 h, for a day. PHI serum levels were determined spectrophotometrically. The data obtained were analyzed by 'group mean cosinor' and from this analysis a mesor reduction of more than 50% was noted in subjects after polychemotherapy (M2) correlated with the absence of a circadian rhythm. The data suggest that PHI levels can be related to the characteristics of tumor growth and we feel they can be used as a guide in monitoring multiple myeloma patients.
Synthesis and Photophysical and Photovoltaic Properties of Porphyrin−Furan and −Thiophene Alternating Copolymers (2009)

Conjugated polymers with alternating main chain structures of zinc porphyrin−furan (PZnPF) and zinc porphyrin−thiophene (PZnPT) have been synthesized by palladium(0)-catalyzed Stille coupling reaction. The optical, electrochemical, photophysical, and photovoltaic properties of PZnPF and PZnPT were investigated to elucidate the effects of the heterole bridges (i.e., furan vs. thiophene) in the porphyrin polymers. The optical bandgap of PZnPF (1.75 eV) is smaller than that of PZnPT (1.90 eV), implying the high delocalization of the π-electrons along the polymer main chain of PZnPF relative to PZnPT. The more extended π-conjugation in PZnPF results from the smaller steric repulsion of the meso-furan moiety with the porphyrin rings than that of the meso-thiophene. The time-resolved fluorescence spectrum of PZnPF showed a gradual Stokes shift to the longer wavelength in the subnanosecond time domain due to the relaxation from a twisted conformation with the large dihedral angles between the porphyrins and the furan rings to a coplanar conformation with the small dihedral angles, whereas the fluorescence spectrum of PZnPT did not exhibit the dynamic Stokes shift. Both PZnPF and PZnPT are electrochemically active in the oxidation and reduction regions and have suitable HOMO/LUMO levels that enable photoinduced electron transfer from the polymer to [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in the blend films. Indeed, the blend films displayed strong fluorescence quenching from the porphyrin moieties together with appearance of charge-transfer emission arising from the interaction between the porphyrin and the C60 moieties. This is the first observation on charge-transfer emission between conjugated porphyrin polymers and fullerenes. Bulk heterojunction solar cells were fabricated by using the blend films of PZnPF:PCBM and PZnPT:PCBM as a photoactive layer. The PZnPF:PCBM and PZnPT:PCBM devices revealed power conversion efficiencies of 0.048% and 0.027% under standard AM1.5 sunlight (100 mW cm−2). These results obtained here will provide fundamental information on the design of large chromophore-embedded conjugated polymers for solar energy conversion.
Bioinorganic Chemistry (1993)

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A Fiber Optical Relay For Bypassing Computer Network Repeaters (1980)

An optical bypass relay can improve the reliability of a repeatered fiber optical computer network. Previous relays suffer from low cross talk isolation, high insertion loss or limitation to single-pole-double-throw operation. We describe an opto-mechanical fiber bypass relay with one moving part. The relay makes use, during assembly, of the fibers themselves both for mutual alignment and as temporary alignment tooling. This eliminates the need for individual alignment of each relay during assembly. Prototype relays exhibit -52 dB cross talk and -1.7 dB loss and ample life expectancy for their intended task.
Incorporation of Individual Casein Constituents into Micelles in Artificial Casein Micelles (1989)

カゼイン濃度が2.5%の人工カゼインミセルを調製し,ミセル形成とコロイド状リン酸カルシウム(CCP)による架橋形成を調べた.なお,すべての試料においてクエン酸は10mMとし,カルシウムとリン酸は10mMカルシウムと12mMリン酸に2:1の割合で加えた.10mMカルシウム-12mMリン酸では,ミセルもCCP架橋も形成されなかった.ミセルカゼイン含量は20mMカルシウム-17mMリン酸で全カゼインの85%,30mMカルシウム-27mMリン酸では全カゼインの95%であった。CCP架橋形成とミセル形成とは必ずしも対応していなかった.低いカルシウムとリン酸濃度で形成されたミセルでは全カゼインに比べてαs1-およびαs2-カゼイン含量が高く,β-およびκ-カゼイン含量が低かった.ミセルへのカゼイン各成分の取り込みの速度は,αs2->αs1->β->κ-カゼインの順であった.
Electrochromic Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>and Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/silicone composite thin films prepared by sol–gel processing (1991)

Alcoholysis of NbCl5 in EtOH gives a viscous solution of NbClx(OEt)5 –x which may be used to spin-coat optically transparent electrodes (indium tin oxide, ITO). The electrode is converted to Nb2O5 by immersion in 1 mol dm3 H2SO4. Electron microscopic examination of the resulting 5–10 µm thick films revealed extensive shrinkage and cracking on gel drying. These films proved to be electrochromic (λmaxca. 800 nm) but unstable to voltammetric cycling in MeCN–(0.5 mol dm–3)LiClO4. Greater stability (> 30 cycles) was achieved with a composite Nb2On/silicone electrode, prepared from a solution containing Nb:Si:H2O in the molar ratio 5 : 13 : 82. This increase in durability was achieved with no sacrifice in electrochromic efficiency. The electrochromic colouration efficiency (6 cm2 C–1) compares favourably with that for sputtered Nb2O5 films. The colouration–bleaching cycle of the composite is complete in < 40 s, and the electrochromical kinetics of colouration and bleaching follow a diffusional model with DLi= 6 × 10–8 cm2 s–1 for Nb2O5 and 3.2 × 10–8 cm2 s–1 for the composite. The mechanism of the electrochromic response and its decay are discussed.
Acquired Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Due to Autoantibodies against the Calcium-Sensing Receptor (2004)

A complex homeostatic system involving the interplay of bone, the kidneys, and the intestines maintains extracellular calcium levels within a relatively narrow range. This article describes a patient with autoimmune hyperparathyroidism and hypocalciuric hypercalcemia caused by IgG4 autoantibodies directed against the calcium-sensing receptor. The patient's hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone levels responded to the administration of glucocorticoids.
Cerebral Microvascular Inflammation in DOCA Salt-Induced Hypertension: Role of Angiotensin II and Mitochondrial Superoxide (2011)

Angiotensin II-mediated hypertension (HTN) is accompanied by a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic state in the cerebral microvasculature. Whether comparable phenotypic changes are elicited in other models of HTN remains unclear. Using wild-type mice with deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt-induced HTN and intravital microscopy, we observed significant increases in the adhesion of both leukocytes and platelets in cerebral venules, compared with uninephrectomized control mice, without an accompanying increase in blood-brain barrier permeability. The cell-cell interactions in hypertensive mice were more pronounced after ischemic stroke, but no difference in infarct size was detected. The blood cell recruitment was largely prevented in the following groups of DOCA salt mice: losartan (angiotensin II AT1 receptor blocker) treated, AT1 receptor knockout mice, tempol (a membrane-permeable oxygen radical scavenger) treated, and mito-TEMPO (a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant) treated. A similar pattern of protection was noted in mice subjected to ischemic stroke. The blunted cell recruitment responses were not accompanied by reductions in blood pressure (BP). These findings implicate mitochondria-derived oxygen radicals and angiotensin II in the cerebral inflammation associated with DOCA salt HTN and suggests that BP per se is not a critical determinant of the phenotypic changes that accompany HTN, even after ischemic stroke.
Isolation and partial purification of plasma membrane-associated antigens from human osteosarcoma (TE-85) cells in tissue culture. (1976)

The plasma membrane of a cloned line of TE-85 (human osteosarcoma) cells subcultured for the last 4 years was isolated. The isolation was by hypotonic swelling, cell homogenization, and discontinuous sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation for 16 hr. Tumor-specific water-soluble antigens were identified by limited papain digestion of the isolated plasma membrane. Fractionation by diethylamino-ethyl anion-exchange column chromatography yielded antigenic fractions that inhibited the reaction of immune serum (from an unrelated patient with osteosarcoma) with the plasma membrane of TE-85 cells in tissue culture by indirect immunofluorescence test. Microimmunodiffusion confirmed the specificity of the isolated antigen against the sera of other patients with osteosarcoma. The definition of the antigen fraction may permit evaluation of antigen-antibody interaction in tumor immunity.
Modern Extraction Techniques (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTModern Extraction TechniquesDouglas E. RaynieView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007 Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 12, 3997–4004Publication Date (Web):May 5, 2006Publication History Published online5 May 2006Published inissue 1 June 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac060641yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac060641yreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7672Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chromatography,Extraction,Liquids,Membranes,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Biological and optical properties of mesoscale coccolithophore blooms in the Gulf of Maine (1991)

Two coccolithophore blooms in the Gulf of Maine were studied in 1988 and 1989. Each bloom was about 50,000 km 2 in area and confined to the top 20 m of the water column. Maximal cell concentrations were 2,000 cells ml −1 and coccolith densities of 3 × 10 5 ml −1 were observed. The coccolith : cell ratio was highest in the bloom center (region of most intense reflectance) and lowest at the bloom periphery, an indication of varying organic vs. inorganic C production. Chlorophyll concentrations were generally low within the bloom and no relation could be observed between major nutrients and coccolithophore abundance. Backscattered light was profoundly affected by coccolith density and was slightly wavelength‐dependent. We calculated total backscattering as well as backscattering ( b b ) caused exclusively by coccoliths and derived the algorithm relating coccolith density to backscattering. Although cells were efficient light absorbers, coccoliths showed negligible light absorption. Diffuse attenuation was lowest in the green and blue‐green part of the visible spectrum. At the center of the bloom, coccoliths contributed >75% of the backscattering signal and > 50% of the beam attenuation signal. The most accurate way to estimate coccolith concentrations via remote sensing is to measure water‐leaving radiance in the green wavebands.
Identification of the 5‐HT<sub>1A</sub> Receptor Binding Subunit in Rat Brain Membranes Using the Photoaffinity Probe [<sup>3</sup>H]8‐Methoxy‐2‐[<i>N</i>‐<i>n</i>‐Propyl, <i>N</i>‐3‐(2‐Nitro‐4‐Azidophenyl)Aminopropyl]Aminotetralin (1987)

The synthesis of a tritiated derivative of the 5-HT1A photoaffinity probe 8-methoxy-2-[N-n-propyl, N-3-(2-nitro-4-azidophenyl)aminopropyl]aminotetralin ([3H]8-methoxy-3'-NAP-amino-PAT) allowed the use of this probe for attempting the irreversible labeling of specific binding sites in rat brain membranes. Sodium dodecyl-sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins solubilized from hippocampal microsomal membranes that had been incubated with 20 nM [3H]8-methoxy-3'-NAP-amino-PAT under UV light revealed a marked incorporation of 3H label into a 63-kilodalton protein termed PI. As expected of a possible correspondence between PI and 5-HT1A receptor binding sites, 3H labeling by the photoaffinity probe could be prevented by selective 5-HT1A ligands such as 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, ipsapirone, buspirone, and gepirone and by N-ethylmaleimide, but not by the 5-HT2 antagonist ketanserin, noradrenaline- and dopamine-related drugs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and chlorimipramine. Furthermore, the regional and subcellular distributions of PI were identical to those of specific 5-HT1A binding sites. These results indicated that the binding subunit of the 5-HT1A receptor is a 63-kilodalton protein with a functionally important sulfhydryl group(s).
Limitation of cigarette consumption by<i>CYP2A6*4</i>,<i>*7</i>and<i>*9</i>polymorphisms (2006)

The whole gene deletion CYP2A6*4, the defect of the main nicotine oxidase, contributes to limiting lifelong and daily cigarette consumption. However, the effects on smoking habits of CYP2A6*7 and *9, two major functional polymorphisms common in Asian populations, have not been reported. The present study examined the relationship between polymorphisms *4, *7 and *9 with the smoking habits of 200 Japanese smokers who visited the Keio University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan). The allele frequencies of *1 (wild type), *4, *7 and *9 were 52, 17, 11 and 20%, respectively. When the three polymorphisms were considered simultaneously, the percentages of homozygous wild type, heterozygote, and homozygous mutants and compound heterozygotes were 26.0, 52.5 and 21.5%, respectively. Homozygous mutants and compound heterozygotes (n = 43) smoked fewer cigarettes daily than heterozygotes (n = 105) and homozygous wild-type individuals (n = 52). Smokers with *7/*7, *9/*9 or *7/*9 had lower daily cigarette consumption than smokers with *1/*1. In conclusion, polymorphisms *4, *7 and *9 of CYP2A6 were detected in approximately three out of four Japanese smokers, and their daily cigarette consumption was genetically modulated by these functional polymorphisms.
Natural cytotoxic reactivity of mouse lymphoid cells against syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. II. Characterization of effector cells (1975)

Studies were performed to characterize the effector cells responsible for natural cytotoxicity of mouse lymphoid cells against a variety of syngeneic and allogeneic tumor lines. Since spleen cells from normal nude mice were found to be highly cytotoxic, they were used for most of these experiments. Only a small proportion of the reactivity was affected by treatment with anti-theta serum plus complement. Macrophages dis not appear to be responsible for the reactivity, since treatment with carbonyl iron/magnet or carrageenan did not affect the levels of cytotoxicity. The effector cells were non-adherent, since passage over nylon columns resulted in a considerable increase in activity. The active cells did not have receptors for immunoglobulin or complement, since removal of cells with these receptors by columns or monolayers containing sheep erythrocyte-antibody (EA) complexes or EA-complement complexes did not remove activity. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity appeared to be ruled out as the mechanism for natural cytotoxicity, since aggregated gamma globulin and a potent anti-immunoglobulin reagent did not inhibit reactivity, and since no role for humoral factors could be demonstrated. The natural effector cell was found to be quite labile at 37 degrees C, losing much of its activity after 4 h. Since no surface markers could be detected on the effector cells, and the mechanism for cytotoxicity appeared distince from others previously described, it is proposed that the natural cytotoxicity against mouse tumor cells is mediated by a unique subpopulation of lymphoid cells, which are tentatively designated N-cells.
Aggregation Behavior of Linear and Star-Type Amphiphilic Poly(ethylene glycol)-Polycaprolactone Block Copolymers (2006)

Linear and star-type amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-polycaprolactone(PEGPCL) block copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of e-caprolactone using methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol) and 4-arm poly(ethylene glycol) as initiators,respectively,and characterized by means of IR,()~1H-NMR and GPC.In the obtained copolymers,the PEG component is crystalline.The copolymers can be self-aggregated in water,the hydrodynamic diameters of the formed aggregations are below 25 nm.The gel-sol transition of copolymers in aqueous media can be observed.The aggregation behavior of the copolymers in air and aqueous media are related to copolymer compositions and architecture of the copolymer.
An Architecture for Automated Scene Understanding (2006)

This paper presents distributed, automated, scene surveillance architecture. Object detection and tracking is performed by a set of region and object agents. The area under surveillance is divided in several sub-areas. One camera is assigned to each sub-area. A region agent is responsible for monitoring a given sub-area. Background subtraction is first performed on the scene taken by the camera. Based on the foreground mask, the region agent segments the incoming frame and creates object agents dedicated to tracking detected objects. Tracking information and segments are sent to a scene processing unit that analyzed this information and determined if a threat pattern is present at the scene and performed appropriate action.