gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient, low-cost protein factories: expression of human adenosine deaminase in baculovirus-infected insect larvae. (1990)

Human adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4), a key purine salvage enzyme essential for immune competence, has been overproduced in Spodoptera frugiperda cells and in Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) larvae infected with recombinant baculovirus. The coding sequence of human adenosine deaminase was recombined into a baculovirus immediately downstream from the strong polyhedrin gene promoter. Approximately 60 hr after infection of insect cells with the recombinant virus, maximal levels of intracellular adenosine deaminase mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity were detected. The recombinant human adenosine deaminase represented 10% of the total cellular protein and exhibited a specific activity of 70 units/mg of protein in crude homogenate. This specific activity is 70-350 times greater than that exhibited by the enzyme in homogenates of the two most abundant natural sources of human adenosine deaminase, thymus and leukemic cells. When the recombinant virus was injected into insect larvae, the maximum recombinant enzyme was produced 4 days postinfection and represented about 2% of the total insect protein with a specific activity of 10-25 units/mg of protein. The recombinant human adenosine deaminase was purified to homogeneity from both insect cells and larvae and demonstrated to be identical to native adenosine deaminase purified from human cells with respect to molecular weight, interaction with polyclonal anti-adenosine deaminase antibody, and enzymatic properties. A pilot purification yielded 8-9 mg of homogeneous enzyme from 22 larvae. The production of large quantities of recombinant human adenosine deaminase in insect larvae is inexpensive and rapid and eliminates the need for specialized facilities for tissue culture. This method should be applicable to large-scale production of many recombinant proteins.
Cytochalasin induces spindle fusion in the syncytial blastoderm of the early <i>Drosophila</i> embryo (1992)

Microfilament integrity is needed to maintain the regular arrangement of the spindle microtubules and to guarantee the normal progression of the last syncytial mitoses in Drosophila embryo. To investigate when and how microfilaments participate in this process, we incubated permeabilized embryos with the inhibitor of actin polymerization, cytochalasin B, at different times during the nuclear cycle. Our results suggest that the correct microfilament distribution is only required for the appropriate segregation of nuclei during the 11th, 12th and 13th syncytial mitoses rather than during the 10th mitosis when the spindles are too far apart to interact. When cytochalasin B treatment was performed during the last syncytial mitoses many spindles fuse among them and the regular mitotic progression is perturbed.
Unique distribution of the extracellular matrix component thrombospondin in the developing mouse embryo. (1988)

Immunocytochemical localization of thrombospondin (TSP), a trimeric glycoprotein constituent of extracellular matrices, produced striking regional and temporal patterns of distribution in the developing mouse embryo. TSP was present in many basement membranes, surrounded epithelial cells, and was associated with peripheral nerve outgrowth. During organogenesis, TSP was also found on the surface of myoblasts and chondroblasts, and TSP was differentially deposited in cortical layers. With differentiation of chondrocytes and myotubes immunoreactivity was decreased, and differential cortical staining was lost. Presence of TSP was associated with morphogenetic processes of proliferation, migration, and intercellular adhesion.
Extensive HLA class I allele promiscuity among viral CTL epitopes (2007)

Promiscuous binding of T helper epitopes to MHC class II molecules has been well established, but few examples of promiscuous class I-restricted epitopes exist. To address the extent of promiscuity of HLA class I peptides, responses to 242 well-defined viral epitopes were tested in 100 subjects regardless of the individuals' HLA type. Surprisingly, half of all detected responses were seen in the absence of the originally reported restricting HLA class I allele, and only 3% of epitopes were recognized exclusively in the presence of their original allele. Functional assays confirmed the frequent recognition of HLA class I-restricted T cell epitopes on several alternative alleles across HLA class I supertypes and encoded on different class I loci. These data have significant implications for the understanding of MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation and vaccine development.
An a priori bound for eigenvalue computation by AMLS (2006)

Abstract Based on Schur complements and modal approximations of submatrices on several levels AMLS constructs a projected eigenproblem which yields good approximations of eigenvalues at the lower end of the spectrum. Rewriting the original problem as a rational eigenproblem of the same dimension as the projected problem, and taking advantage of a minmax characterization for the rational eigenproblem we derive a bound for the AMLS approximation of eigenvalues. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress differentially regulates proteolytic signaling in cardiac and skeletal muscle (2019)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective antineoplastic agent used in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, clinical use of DOX is limited due to the development of dose-dependent toxicity to cardiac and respiratory (i.e., diaphragm) muscles. After administration, DOX preferentially localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it promotes cellular toxicity via enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Although recent evidence suggests that amelioration of mitochondrial ROS emission preserves cardiorespiratory muscle function following DOX treatment, the mechanisms responsible for this protection remain unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that DOX-induced mitochondrial ROS production is required to stimulate pathological signaling by the autophagy/lysosomal system (ALS), the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP), and the unfolded protein response (UPR). Cause and effect were determined by administration of the mitochondria-targeted peptide SS-31 to DOX-treated animals. Interestingly, while SS-31 abrogated aberrant ROS emission in cardiorespiratory muscles of DOX-treated animals, our results revealed muscle-specific regulation of effector pathways. In the heart, SS-31 prevented DOX-induced proteolytic signaling through the ALS and UPP. In contrast, ALS signaling was inhibited by SS-31 in the diaphragm, but the UPP was not affected. UPR signaling was activated in both muscles at eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) S51 in the heart and diaphragm of DOX-treated animals and was attenuated with SS-31 treatment in both tissues. However, downstream signaling of eIF2α (activating transcription factor 4 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein) was diminished in the heart but upregulated in the diaphragm with DOX. Collectively, these results show that DOX-induced ROS production plays distinct roles in the regulation of cardiac and diaphragm muscle proteolysis.
Hierarchical Bayesian classification of multimodal medical images (1996)

It has gradually been recognised that Bayesian algorithms are more widely applicable and reliable than ad hoc algorithms. Advantages include the use of explicit and realistic stochastic models making it easier to understand the working behind the algorithm and allowing confidence statements about conclusions. The authors propose a method, within a Bayesian framework, to assimilate information from images obtained from different modalities at different resolutions. The algorithm is used with a pair of images, from which a fused high resolution image and improved data reconstructions are simultaneously obtained. The authors illustrate their method by 2 examples, the first fuses a pair of SPECT and CT phantom images and the second a pair of MR brain scan images, obtained from different acquisition techniques. The authors provide a pseudo-comparison of the latter example with a commercially available package called ANALYZE. However, the phantom images from physical experiment given here provide a true validation and performance of the model.
Potent and Selective Synthetic Modulators of a Quorum Sensing Repressor in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Identified from Second‐Generation Libraries of N‐Acylated <scp>L</scp>‐Homoserine Lactones (2011)

Bacteria can coordinate group behavior using chemical signals in a process called quorum sensing (QS). The QS system in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is largely governed by the LasR receptor and its cognate chemical signal, N-(3-oxo)-dodecanoyl L-homoserine lactone (OdDHL). LasR also appears to share this signal with an orphan LuxR-type receptor in P. aeruginosa, termed QscR, which represses LasR activity. Non-native molecules that modulate QscR would represent valuable tools to study the role of this novel QS repressor protein in P. aeruginosa. We performed a critical analysis of previously identified, non-native N-acylated L-homoserine lactone (AHL) activators and inhibitors of QscR to determine a set of structure-activity relationships (SARs). Based on these SAR data, we designed, synthesized, and screened several second-generation libraries of AHLs for new ligands that could target QscR. These studies revealed the most active AHL agonists and antagonists of QscR reported to date, with activities ranging from nanomolar to low micromolar in a QscR bacterial reporter strain. Several of these AHLs were highly selective for QscR over LasR and other LuxR-type receptors. A small subset of the new QscR activators, however, were also found to inhibit LasR; this demonstrates the exciting potential for the synergistic modulation of these integral P. aeruginosa QS receptors by using a single synthetic compound.
Spatial Theta Cells in Competitive Burst Synchronization Networks: Reference Frames from Phase Codes (2017)

Abstract Spatial cells of the hippocampal formation are embedded in networks of theta cells. The septal theta rhythm (6–10 Hz) organizes the spatial activity of place and grid cells in time, but it remains unclear how spatial reference points organize the temporal activity of theta cells in space. We study spatial theta cells in simulations and single-unit recordings from exploring rats to ask whether temporal phase codes may anchor spatial representations to the outside world. We theorize that an experience-independent mechanism for temporal coding may combine with burst synchronization to continuously calibrate self-motion to allocentric reference frames. Subcortical recordings revealed spatial theta cells with strong rate-phase correlations related to distinct theta phases. Simulations of bursting neurons and networks explained that relationship and, with competitive learning, demonstrated flexible spatial synchronization patterns when driven by low-dimensional spatial components from the recording data. Thus temporal coding synchrony may reconcile extrinsic and intrinsic neural codes.
The polysaccharide from <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> grown <i>in vivo</i> (1956)

POLYGLUTAMIC ACID FROM BACILLUS ANTHRACIS 447 carrying out measurements in dilute buffers, e.g. 0-1 M. In the present work, sedimentation measurements have been made down to such low concentrations that, even in 0 1 M salt, the error due to the primary charge effect would probably have been small. Diffusion measurements could not, however, be made at such low concentrations, and the linear extrapolation would be in some doubt (see, for example,
Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models for Longitudinal Data (2014)

Abstract The analysis of longitudinal data may require a mixed‐effects model, incorporating parameters for fixed effects associated with the whole population and also parameters describing distributions of random effects associated with individual subjects. These may enter the model nonlinearly, as in compartment models used in pharmacokinetics. Maximum likelihood estimation is carried out by numerical optimization.
Effects of Particle Size and Morphology on Filtration of Airborne Nanoparticles (2013)

The rapid development of nanotechnology brings new challenges to aerosol filtration, which plays a critical role in controlling pollution and protecting the environment and human health. The filtration of airborne nanoparticles is becoming an important issue as they are produced in large quantities from material synthesis and combustion emission. Recent studies indicate that the filtration efficiency increases as the particle size decreases down to 2 – 3 nm. Thus the conventional filters are working well against the nanoparticles. The filtration of non-spherical nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes and nanoparticle agglomerates, possesses different filtration characteristics compared to spherical particles. The interception effect for elongated particles is stronger than for spheres with the same mobility, thus higher filtration efficiency is achieved. Modeling results based on the single-fiber theory are compared to experimental data and then used to predict the difference between the filter penetrations for agglomerates and spheres. The effects of the filtration velocity, filter fiber size, solidity and thickness are systematically investigated.
Performance Analysis of a Data-Flow Processor, (1975)

A data-flow processor is structured as a packet communication system. Sections of a processor are connected by interconnection networks which have a great deal of inherent parallelism, and the sections communicate by means of fixed size information packets. The processing capability of a data-flow processor is determined through consideration of the flow of packets within the interconnection networks, and the actual performance of the processor is affected by the structure of the networks. The execution time of an instruction in a processor can vary greatly due to conflict within the interconnection networks. The performance of a data-flow processor is measured through consideration of the delays caused by this conflict, and the proper network structure and processing rate of a machine are determined through analysis of the best and worst case delays.
Action of new organometallic complexes against Leishmania donovani (1997)

The action of 16 newly synthesized metal complexes having the general structure cis-Pt-(II)-Xn-Ln have been tested in vitro against the promastigote forms of Leishmania donovani. The metal complexes at 24 h and maximum dosages inhibited growth from 0%, e.g. in cis-Pt-nifurtimox, to 100%, e.g. in cis-Pt-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoroaniline)2Br2 or cis-Pt-pentamidine-I2. A study of the cytotoxicty of these latter complexes on the phagocytic cell line J-774 showed neither high cytotoxicity nor cytolysis. At the maximum dosage after 24 h of permanent contact with the cells (extreme, non-physiological conditions), cytolysis did not exceed 30%. For most of the compounds, cytolysis ranged from 0%, for cis-Pt-oxamniquine-Cl2 to 27.7%, for cis-Pt-pentamidine-I2. The compound cis-Pt-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoroaniline)2-Br2 caused up to 1.4% cytolysis under the above conditions. Parasites exposed to cis-Pt-pentamidine-I2 showed notably reduced DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, unlike those exposed to other compounds. Parasites examined by electron microscopy showed effects mainly on the nucleus, though in some cases the mitochondria were affected, altering the internal membranes of the cytoplasmic organelles. The in-vivo activity of the complex cis-Pt-guanethidine-Cl2 was evaluated in parasitized Wistar rats, in which the number of amastigotes per gram of spleen was reduced by 75% compared with controls.
Chopper design for NICTD locomotives (2002)

The design of a DC chopper requires a compromise among switching frequency, inductor size, and switching losses. There are three problems to be solved for the actual application of a DC chopper in electric railways. The first is the realization of a high-voltage chopper, the second is the reduction of inductive interference, and the third is the reduction of weight and cost of chopper equipment. The design principles of SCR choppers and GTO choppers are compared. Some of the simplified circuit diagrams for the proposed DC chopper design are discussed. The commerical availability of a 0-1500 V DC chopper that can be incorporated into an existing locomotive design is investigated and some of actual DC chopper controller circuits for the traction and locomotive systems produced by different vendors are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
New Low-Cost Resin System for Sand and Water Control (1992)

ABSTRACT Technologies for sand1,2 and water3,4 control have been developed, patented and successfully field tested in the Kern River Field, Bakersfield, California, using a modified furan resin. These chemical resin systems are stable to temperatures over 700°F, are inert to oilfield chemicals, are environmentally safe, involve very low material and placement costs, are applicable to wells with almost any downhole temperature, and require production interruptions of a few hours rather than days.
Experimental Studies of Pylon-Aided Fuel Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow (2008)

Abstract : An investigation of the nonreacting flow associated with pylon-aided gaseous fuel injection into a Mach 2 crossflow is described. In this study, a small pylon was positioned just upstream of a circular flush-wall fuel injector. Three pylon geometries were studied, along with a no-pylon reference case. In all cases, a typical cavity-based flameholder was positioned downstream of the fuel injector. The injectant plume characteristics were interrogated using a variety of laser-based and probe-based measurement techniques. Planar laser-induced fluorescence of nitric oxide was used to study the instantaneous plume structure. Spontaneous vibrational Raman scattering provided time-averaged plume characteristics and mixing information. Probe-based instrumentation was used in conjunction with the mixing data to estimate the total pressure losses associated with each configuration. Each pylon had a unique influence on the fuel-injection plume. In all cases, the presence of the pylon resulted in improved fuel penetration into the supersonic crossflow without significantly changing the total pressure-loss characteristics. Mixing efficiencies of the pylon-aided injection cases were not substantially different from the reference case.
WearCam: A head mounted wireless camera for monitoring gaze attention and for the diagnosis of developmental disorders in young children (2007)

Autism covers a large spectrum of disorders that affect the individual's way of interacting socially and is often revealed by the individual's lack of interest in gazing at human faces. Currently Autism is diagnosed in children no younger than 2 years old. This paper presents a new monitoring device, the WearCam, to help forming a diagnosis of this neurodevelopmental disorder at an earlier age than currently possible. The WearCam consists of a wireless camera located on the forefront of the child. The WearCam collects videos from the viewpoint of the child's head. Color detection, face detection and gaze detection are run on the data in order to locate the approximate gaze direction of the child and determine where her attention is drawn to (persons, objects, etc.). We report on early tests of the camera within normally developing children. Firstly the technical characteristics of the current prototype of the WearCam will be described. Afterwards the type of data collected with this device with young children will be shown.
Optical Wavefront Reconstruction: Theory and Numerical Methods (2002)

Optical wavefront reconstruction algorithms played a central role in the effort to identify gross manufacturing errors in NASA's Hubble Space Telescope (HST). NASA's success with reconstruction algorithms on the HST has led to an effort to develop software that can aid and in some cases replace complicated, expensive, and error-prone hardware. Among the many applications is HST's replacement, the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST). This work details the theory of optical wavefront reconstruction, reviews some numerical methods for this problem, and presents a novel numerical technique that we call extended least squares. We compare the performance of these numerical methods for potential inclusion in prototype NGST optical wavefront reconstruction software. We begin with a tutorial on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction theory.
Scalability of Linux Event-Dispatch Mechanisms (2000)

... In this paper, we discuss some of the event-dispatch mechanisms used by Internet servers to handle the network I/O generated by these request loads. We focus on the mechanisms supported by the Linux kernel, and measure their performance in terms of their dispatch overhead and dispatch throughput. Our comparative studies show that POSIX.4 Real Time signals (RT signals) are a highly efficient mechanism in terms of the overhead and also provide good throughput compared to mechanisms like select() and /dev/poll. We also look at some limitations of RT signals and propose an enhancement to the default RT signal implementation which we call signal-per-fd. This enhancement has the advantage of significantly reducing the complexity of a server implementation, increasing its robustness under high load, and also potentially increasing its throughput. In addition, our results also show that, contrary to conventional wisdom, even a select() based server can provide high throughput if its overhead is amortized by performing more useful work per select() call
Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Ethane-Propane System. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Ethane-Propane System.D. E. Matschke and George ThodosCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1962, 7, 2, 232–234Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60013a022https://doi.org/10.1021/je60013a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Congestive heart failure in patients treated with doxorubicin (2003)

Doxorubicin-related CHF occurs with greater frequency and at a lower cumulative dose than previously reported. These findings further indicate that LVEF is not an accurate predictor of CHF in patients who receive doxorubicin.