gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spinal administration of a δ opioid receptor agonist attenuates hyperalgesia and allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (2006)

Neuropathic (NP) pain is a debilitating chronic pain disorder considered by some to be inherently resistant to therapy with traditional analgesics. Indeed, micro opioid receptor (OR) agonists show reduced therapeutic benefit and their long term use is hindered by the high incidence of adverse effects. However, pharmacological and physiological evidence increasingly suggests a role for deltaOR agonists in modulating NP pain symptoms. In this study, we examined the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects of the spinally administered deltaOR agonist, d-[Ala(2), Glu(4)]deltorphin II (deltorphin II), as well as the changes in deltaOR expression, in rats following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Rats with CCI exhibited cold hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia over a 14-day testing period. Intrathecal administration of deltorphin II reversed cold hyperalgesia on day 14 and dose-dependently attenuated mechanical allodynia. The effects of deltorphin II were mediated via activation of the deltaOR as the effect was antagonized by co-treatment with the delta-selective antagonist, naltrindole. Western blotting experiments revealed no changes in deltaOR protein in the dorsal spinal cord following CCI. Taken together, these data demonstrate the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effectiveness of a spinally administered deltaOR agonist following peripheral nerve injury and support further investigation of deltaORs as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of NP pain.
Discovery of Novel Caeridins from the Skin Secretion of the Australian White’s Tree Frog, <i>Litoria caerulea</i> (2018)

Abundant biologically active peptides have been discovered from frog skin secretions, a rich natural source of bioactive compounds with great potential in drug discovery. In this study, three Caeridin peptides, namely, Caeridin-1, S5-Caeridin-1, and Caeridin-a1, were discovered from the skin secretion of the Australian White's tree frog, <i>Litoria caerulea</i>, for the first time, by means of combining transcriptomic and peptidomic analyses. It also represents the first report on bioactive Caeridins since this family of peptides was initially studied 20 years ago. Chemically synthetic versions of each natural Caeridin demonstrated promising bioactivities either on rat smooth muscles or against microbial growth. Specifically, Caeridin-1 produced contraction of rat bladder smooth muscle, while S5-Caeridin-1 induced relaxation of rat ileum smooth muscle, both at nanomolar concentrations. Moreover, Caeridin-a1 was shown to potently inhibit the growth of the planktonic Gram-positive bacteria <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>), methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA), and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (<i>E. faecalis</i>), the Gram-negative bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>), and the yeast, <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>). The discovery of these Caeridins may induce further intensive and systematic studies of frog skin peptides to promote the discovery of natural templates as lead compounds for drug discovery and therapeutic application.
Ascorbic Acid:  Useful as a Buffer Agent and Radiolytic Stabilizer for Metalloradiopharmaceuticals (2003)

The goal of this study is to explore the use of ascorbic acid (AA) as a buffer agent and a radiolytic stabilizer for preparation and stabilization of radiolabeled DOTA-biomolecule conjugates. Results from a titration experiment show that 0.1 M AA solution has sufficient buffer capacity at pH 5.0 while 0.5 M AA solution is useful even at pH 6.0. The radiolabeling experiment using TA138, a DOTA-conjugated nonpeptide integrin alpha(v)beta(3) receptor antagonist, clearly demonstrates that AA is a good buffer agent for pH control and an excellent antioxidant for stabilization of metal-labeled diagnostic ((111)In) and therapeutic ((90)Y and (177)Lu) radiopharmaceuticals if the radiolabeling is performed at pH 5-6. There is no need for the additional stabilizer (e.g., gentisic acid) and buffer agent such as ammonium acetate. The anaerobic AA formulation described in this study is particularly useful for radiolabeling of small biomolecules, which are sensitive to the radiolytic degradation during radiolabeling.
Multiple discrete sites for premature RNA chain termination late in adenovirus-2 infection: enhancement by 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole. (1979)

Discrete-sized short RNA chains that contain the distinctive oligonucleotides, including the 5'-capped oligonucleotide, characteristic of the first 600 nucleotides of the adenovirus type 2 (Ad-2) large, late, rightward-reading transcriptional unit (16.4-99) accumulate in Ad-2-infected HeLa cells. In the presence of 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole the accumulation of these chains is enhanced, as is the accumulation of short chains from a neighbouring rightward-reading transcriptional unit (3.0-10.7). These short chains appear to represent prematurely terminated transcripts. Late in infection there is a marked increase in RNA synthesis, including that of prematurely terminated short chains, from the large late transcriptional unit. This suggests that the increase in transcription and mRNA production from this region late in infection is not due to reduced "attenuation" of RNA synthesis.
Dynamic State Estimation in Power System by Applying the Extended Kalman Filter With Unknown Inputs to Phasor Measurements (2011)

Availability of the synchronous machine angle and speed variables give us an accurate picture of the overall condition of power networks leading therefore to an improved situational awareness by system operators. In addition, they would be essential in developing local and global control schemes aimed at enhancing system stability and reliability. In this paper, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) technique for dynamic state estimation of a synchronous machine using phasor measurement unit (PMU) quantities is developed. The simulation results of the EKF approach show the accuracy of the resulting state estimates. However, the traditional EKF method requires that all externally observed variables, including input signals, be measured or available, which may not always be the case. In synchronous machines, for example, the exciter output voltage <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$E_{fd}$</tex></formula> may not be available for measuring in all cases. As a result, the extended Kalman filter with unknown inputs, referred to as EKF-UI, is proposed for identifying and estimating the states and the unknown inputs of the synchronous machine simultaneously. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the EKF-UI method under noisy or fault conditions, compared to the classic EKF approach and confirms its great potential in cases where there is no access to the input signals of the system.
Development of a wind turbine simulator for wind energy conversion systems (2002)

A wind turbine simulator for wind energy conversion systems is developed with a view to design, evaluate and implement an actual wind turbine controller. The simulator consists of a 125 hp induction motor which drives a low speed generator and is driven by a 112 kW variable speed drive inverter, and real time control software.
Electronic and excitonic processes in light-emitting devices based on organic materials and colloidal quantum dots (2008)

We investigate the mechanism of operation of hybrid organic/colloidal quantum dot light emitting devices (QD-LEDs). Novel quantum dot (QD) deposition methods allow us to change the location of an emissive QD monolayer within a QD-LED multilayer structure. We find that the quantum efficiency of devices improves by $>50%$ upon imbedding QD monolayers into the hole transporting layer $<10\text{ }\text{nm}$ away from the interface between hole and electron transporting layers. We consider two possible mechanisms responsible for this improvement: one based on a charge injection model of the device operation and the other based on an exciton energy-transfer model. In order to differentiate between the two suggested mechanisms, we fabricate a set of structures that enable control over charge injection into colloidal QDs. We find that the dominant process limiting QD-LED efficiency is charging of the QDs by trapped electrons. We demonstrate that with the set of organic materials implemented in this study, device efficiency is increased by maximizing energy transfer from organics to QDs and by limiting direct charge injection that contributes to QD charging.
Large Areal Mass, Flexible and Free‐Standing Reduced Graphene Oxide/Manganese Dioxide Paper for Asymmetric Supercapacitor Device (2013)

Well-separated RGO sheets decorated with MnO2 nanoparticles facilitate easy access of the electrolyte ions to the high surface area of the paper electrode, enabling the fabrication of a thicker electrode with heavier areal mass and higher areal capacitance (up to 897 mF cm(-2) ). The electrochemical performance of the bent asymmetric device with a total active mass of 15 mg remains similar to the one in the flat configuration, demonstrating good mechanical robustness of the device.
An Operative Measurement of RF Parameters for Slow-Wave Systems (1995)

A method for operative measuring the coupling impedance, group velocity and frequency broadband for periodic accelerating structure is described. The method is based on self-excited space harmonic oscillation caused by passing 40-120kV unbunched probe electron beam through the structure. The method has the following features:- small number of measurements (2-5);- high enough accuracy at small reflections;- external RF-source and output beam analyser are not need;- only one RF-coupler with the structure is used,- vacuum destruction or reassembling can be avoided. The method is demonstrated on a travelling-wave linac tapered section inserted into a focusing solenoid. 1.
THERMAL DISSOCIATION OF METHANE USING A SOLAR COUPLED AEROSOL FLOW REACTOR (2000)

A solar-thermal aerosol flow reactor has been constructed, installed and tested at the High-Flux Solar Furnace (HFSF) at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). “Proof-ofconcept” experiments were successfully carried out for the dissociation and the dry reforming (with CO2) of methane to produce hydrogen and carbon black, and syngas, respectively. Approximately 90 % dissociation of methane was achieved in a 25-mm diameter quartz reaction tube illuminated with a solar flux of 2400 kW/m 2 (or suns). An improved reactor has been designed and is being constructed to obtain more complete kinetic and process data for scale-up. Preliminary economics for a 5,000,000 kg/yr solar-thermal hydrogen plant were evaluated using a discount cash flow analysis that required a 15 % internal rate of return (IRR). If either product is the sole source of revenue, the required selling price for hydrogen was $23/MBtu and for carbon black it was $0.48/lb. If both products are sold, and carbon black is sold for $0.20/lb (typical tire applications), the required selling price for hydrogen was $13/MBtu. If carbon black is sold at the current market price for typical chemical/battery applications ($0.35/lb), the price for hydrogen is a very attractive $6/MBtu. Both the experimental and economic results are very The primary driver for the development of renewable energy strategies is current concern over the potential, irreversible environmental damage that may occur with the continued or accelerated use of fossil fuels. Movement toward a hydrogen (H2) based economy is an essential
An evaluation of the personal child health record in Fife. (1993)

Personal child health records were introduced in Fife in March 1992; an evaluation carried out in November 1992-February 1993 sought the views of both parents and health professionals and examined a sample of the records. All 104 parents who were interviewed considered it important that they hold a copy of their child's health record. The majority made good use of the personal child health record by bringing it regularly to clinics and by reading or completing the appropriate sections. The views of health professionals were mixed and some specific problems were raised. However, there is still relatively limited experience with the record in Fife; it is possible that professional endorsement of it will grow with increasing experience in its use. Suggestions for improvements should be acted upon where possible to encourage regular and correct use. The loose leaf format of the record facilitates the incorporation of amendments. The use of the record in Fife should be promoted by emphasising that, despite individual views of health professionals about the record, the great majority of parents value it and the improved access to the information about their child's health which it represents.
<sup>17</sup>O magnetic resonance imaging of the human brain (2004)

Here we show the first example of in vivo oxygen-17 (17O) magnetic resonance imaging of the human in natural abundance. Two-dimensional fast multi-planar gradient recalled 90 deg echo (FMPGR/90) pulse sequence and three-dimensional projection reconstruction pulse sequence methods were used.
Different effects of hypertension, atherosclerosis and hyperlipidaemia on arterial distensibility (1995)

Hypertension is the predominant factor affecting the visco-elastic properties of large arteries. Arterial compliance is significantly altered only in extensive atherosclerosis.
REPLICATION TECHNIQUES FOR DRY AND WET BIOLOGICAL SURFACES (1999)

This overview of replication techniques for light and electron microscopic applications gives a generalized background to past and current approaches. The silicone mould replication techniques, which have the great advantage of being applicable to dry as well as wet surfaces, have proven to be the most successful so far. They are discussed in some detail and a number of practical hints for a successful procedure are given. These techniques have a potential of use in material, biological and even in archaeological sciences, although so far such applications have not attracted much attention.
Comma-free error-correcting codes (1965)

A method is shown by which it is possible to establish the existence (or nonexistence) of the comma-free properties of any group code from a simple observation of its null-space. Using this technique it is then demonstrated that all <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(n, k)</tex> {em cyclic} group error-correcting code dictionaries can be made comma-free (without adding further redundancy or altering their error-correcting properties) if, and only if, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k \leq (n - 1)/2</tex> . If <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> is larger than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(n - 1)/2</tex> it is still possible to detect bit gains or losses of up to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n-k-1</tex> code bits.
Object-oriented software development using Java (1999)

From the Publisher:
This book teaches readers how to write well-designed object-oriented programs. Added to learning to write well-designed, medium-sized object-oriented programs are new topics such as testing, the iterative software development process, UML, and the enterprise features of Java. Topics of interest for both academia and industry professionals are both discussed throughout the text. For software practitioners interested in gaining the skills needed to create object-oriented programs.
An Example-Based Face Hallucination Method for Single-Frame, Low-Resolution Facial Images (2008)

This paper proposes a face hallucination method for the reconstruction of high-resolution facial images from single-frame, low-resolution facial images. The proposed method has been derived from example-based hallucination methods and morphable face models. First, we propose a recursive error back-projection method to compensate for residual errors, and a region-based reconstruction method to preserve characteristics of local facial regions. Then, we define an extended morphable face model, in which an extended face is composed of the interpolated high-resolution face from a given low-resolution face, and its original high-resolution equivalent. Then, the extended face is separated into an extended shape and an extended texture. We performed various hallucination experiments using the MPI, XM2VTS, and KF databases, compared the reconstruction errors, structural similarity index, and recognition rates, and showed the effects of face detection errors and shape estimation errors. The encouraging results demonstrate that the proposed methods can improve the performance of face recognition systems. Especially the proposed method can enhance the resolution of single-frame, low-resolution facial images.
Síndroma de Aicardi. A Propósito de Um Caso Clínico (2014)

Os autores descrevem um caso clínico de um lactente do sexo feminino, de 3 meses de idade, com convulsões. Na observação oftalmológica foi identificada coriorretinite. A ressonância magnética (RMN) cerebral mostrou, além de outras alterações, agenesia parcial do corpo caloso. Estas alterações possibilitaram a confirmação do diagnóstico de Síndrome de Aicardi. O tratamento efectuado com valproato de sódio, vigabatrim e clobazam não foi suficiente para controlar as crises convulsivas, pelo que se associou prednisolona. O prognóstico é condicionado pelo atraso de desenvolvimento psicomotor e pelas infecções respiratórias.
Ecology and management of feral hogs (2007)

Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) have been present in North America since the arrival of the earliest settlers in the sixteenth century. Colonists originally released hogs because of the animals’ ability to survive on their own and to serve as a ready food supply for settlers. Since that time, hogs have expanded their range and now are present in 40 of the 50 United States and parts of Canada. Their rapid expansion is similar to that of other introduced species, and, as a result, they are generally classified as an invasive exotics, along with hundreds of other plant and animal species. However, feral hogs may pose an ecological threat that far surpasses that posed by other invasive vertebrates.
Graft copolymerization of soybean protein isolate and methacrylic acid (2006)

Abstract Graft copolymers of soybean protein isolate (SPI) and methacrylic acid (MAA) were prepared in an 8 mol/L urea aqueous solution with ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, β‐mercaptoethanol as an unfolding agent for SPI, and a chain‐transfer agent. Evidence of grafting was obtained by the comparison of the Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectra of SPI with those of the SPI‐grafted MAA copolymer [SPI‐ g ‐poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA)]. A possible copolymerization mechanism of SPI and MAA was determined, and the copolymerization rate equation was derived. The effect of β‐mercaptoethanol content, APS content, and reaction temperature on the graft copolymerization was studied by the determination of the grafting parameters, including grafting percentage and grafting efficiency. Dynamic laser light scattering was used to investigate the effect of the pH value on the hydrodynamic radius of SPI and the grafted SPI aggregate in aqueous solution. The average hydrodynamic radius of SPI‐ g ‐PMAA aggregate was much smaller than that of the SPI aggregate at about the isoelectric point of SPI and a high pH value, and the hydrodynamic radius distribution of the SPI‐ g ‐PMAA aggregate was narrower than that of the SPI aggregate. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4023–4029, 2006
Health & Wellness Resource Center (2003)

Abstract This article reviews the Gale Group Health & Wellness Resource Center database, a comprehensive resource for consumer health information. It has an exceptional selection of consumer health reference titles, pamphlets, full-text and abstracted articles from medical journals, health magazines, newsletters, and newspapers combined with a user-friendly search interface.
HaploBlocker: Creation of Subgroup-Specific Haplotype Blocks and Libraries (2019)

The concept of haplotype blocks has been shown to be useful in genetics. Fields of application range from the detection of regions under positive selection to statistical methods that make use of dimension reduction. We propose a novel approach ("HaploBlocker") for defining and inferring haplotype blocks that focuses on linkage instead of the commonly used population-wide measures of linkage disequilibrium. We define a haplotype block as a sequence of genetic markers that has a predefined minimum frequency in the population, and only haplotypes with a similar sequence of markers are considered to carry that block, effectively screening a dataset for group-wise identity-by-descent. From these haplotype blocks, we construct a haplotype library that represents a large proportion of genetic variability with a limited number of blocks. Our method is implemented in the associated R-package HaploBlocker, and provides flexibility not only to optimize the structure of the obtained haplotype library for subsequent analyses, but also to handle datasets of different marker density and genetic diversity. By using haplotype blocks instead of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), local epistatic interactions can be naturally modeled, and the reduced number of parameters enables a wide variety of new methods for further genomic analyses such as genomic prediction and the detection of selection signatures. We illustrate our methodology with a dataset comprising 501 doubled haploid lines in a European maize landrace genotyped at 501,124 SNPs. With the suggested approach, we identified 2991 haplotype blocks with an average length of 2685 SNPs that together represent 94% of the dataset.
The actin filament-severing domain of plasma gelsolin. (1986)

Gelsolin, a multifunctional actin-modulating protein, has two actin-binding sites which may interact cooperatively. Native gelsolin requires micromolar Ca2+ for optimal binding of actin to both sites, and for expression of its actin filament-severing function. Recent work has shown that an NH2-terminal chymotryptic 17-kD fragment of human plasma gelsolin contains one of the actin-binding sites, and that this fragment binds to and severs actin filaments weakly irrespective of whether Ca2+ is present. The other binding site is Ca2+ sensitive, and is found in a chymotryptic peptide derived from the COOH-terminal two-thirds of plasma gelsolin; this fragment does not sever F-actin or accelerate the polymerization of actin. This paper documents that larger thermolysin-derived fragments encompassing the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin sever actin filaments as effectively as native plasma gelsolin, although in a Ca2+-insensitive manner. This result indicates that the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin is the actin-severing domain. The stringent Ca2+ requirement for actin severing found in intact gelsolin is not due to a direct effect of Ca2+ on the severing domain, but indirectly through an effect on domains in the COOH-terminal half of the molecule to allow exposure of both actin-binding sites.
Correlation of Quantitative EEG in Acute Ischemic Stroke With 30-Day NIHSS Score (2004)

In this small sample the significant correlation between 30-day NIHSSS and acute qEEG data (aDCI) was equivalent to that between the former and MTT abnormality volume. Both were greater than the modest correlation between acute DWI lesion volume and 30-day NIHSSS. These preliminary results indicate that acute qEEG data might be used to monitor and predict stroke evolution.