gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyper-spectral Image Super-resolution Using Non-negative Spectral Representation with Data-Guided Sparsity (2017)

Hyperspectral imaging has great potential for understanding the characteristics of different materials in many applications ranging from remote sensing to medical imaging. However, due to various hardware limitations, only low-resolution hyperspectral and high-resolution multi-spectral images can be available using existing imaging techniques. This study aims to generate a high-resolution hyperspectral image via fusion of the available LR-HS and HR-MS images. We propose a novel hyperspectral image superresolution method via non-negative sparse representation of reflectance spectral with adaptive sparsity constraint. By analyzing local content similarity of a focused pixel in the available high-resolution multi-spectral image, which can measure pixel material purity according to surrounding pixels, we generate a sparsity map for guiding non-negative sparse coding optimization procedure of the spectral representation called non-negative spectral representation with data-guided sparsity. Since the proposed method adaptively adjust the sparsity in the spectral representation based on the local content of the available high-resolution multi-spectral image, it can produce more robust spectral representation for recovering the target high-resolution hyper-spectral image. Comprehensive experiments on two public hyperspectral datasets validate that the proposed method achieves promising performances compared with the existing state of the art methods.
Restoration of Lipoxin A4 Signaling Reduces Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model (2014)

The initiation of an inflammatory response is critical to the survival of an organism. However, when inflammation fails to reach resolution, a chronic inflammatory state may occur, potentially leading to bystander tissue damage. Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic inflammation contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and identifying mechanisms to resolve the pro-inflammatory environment stimulated by AD pathology remains an area of active investigation. Previously, we found that treatment with the pro-resolving mediator aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 (ATL), improved cognition, reduced Aβ levels, and enhanced microglia phagocytic activity in Tg2576 transgenic AD mice. Here, we evaluated the effect of aging on brain lipoxin A4 (LXA4) levels using non-transgenic and 3xTg-AD mice. Additionally, we investigated the effect of ATL treatment on tau pathology in 3xTg-AD mice. We found that LXA4 levels are reduced with age, a pattern significantly more impacted in 3xTg-AD mice. Moreover, ATL delivery enhanced the cognitive performance of 3xTg-AD mice and reduced Aβ levels, as well as decreased the levels of phosphorylated-tau (p-tau). The decrease in p-tau was due in part to an inhibition of the tau kinases GSK-3β and p38 MAPK. In addition, microglial and astrocyte reactivity was inhibited by ATL treatment. Our results suggest that the inability to resolve the immune response during aging might be an important feature that contributes to AD pathology and cognitive deficits. Furthermore, we demonstrate that activation of LXA4 signaling could serve as a potential therapeutic target for AD-related inflammation and cognitive dysfunction.
A combined genotype of KIR3DL1 high expressing alleles and HLA-B*57 is associated with a reduced risk of HIV infection (2008)

Coexpression of 3DL1*h/*y and B*57, which has been associated with a reduced risk of progressing to AIDS in HIV-infected individuals also lowers the risk of HIV infection in exposed uninfected individuals.
Silicon Carbide and Related Materials - 1999, Part 1 (1999)

These volumes contain written versions of papers which were presented at the International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials 1999 (ICSCRM'99), held October 10-15, 1999 in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Over 650 participants from 25 countries attended the conference. This attendance was the highest in the conference series to date. This record attendance and the large number of papers submitted attest to the rapidly increasing interest in wide bandgap semiconductors in both academic and industrial communities. Contained in the two volumes of these proceeding are 401 papers, 19 of which were invited. They document our present understanding of the many topics of interest, such as the growth of bulk crystals, the growth of epitaxial layers, theoretical approaches,-- materials characterization, device processing and design, fabrication and characterization of electronic and optoelectronic devices, some with outstanding performance.
The Mageoghegans: a lecture at castletown-geoghegan, 6 December 1938. By Rev. Paul Walsh. Pp.60. Mullingar: Westmeath Examiner. (1940)

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Higher Pregnancy Rates Following Treatment of Cervical Factor with Intrauterine Insemination Without Superovulation Versus Intercourse: The Importance of a Well-Timed Postcoital Test for Infertility (1995)

A randomized study comparing the efficacy of timed intrauterine insemination (IUI) without hyperstimulation to sexual intercourse was performed in women with cervical factor infertility. Among the strict requirements for inclusion in the study were a normal semen analysis in the male partner, as well as the failure to demonstrate any sperm with progressive forward motion in a postcoital test performed 8-12 h after intercourse at the time of a mature follicle. All other infertility factors were negative. The data demonstrated a statistically significant fecundity rate at 1 month when IUI was compared to intercourse (21.2 vs. 3.9%). These data suggest that carefully timed IUI in nonhyperstimulated cycles is an effective treatment for cervical factor infertility.
Effect of sodium benzylideneascorbate on chemically-induced tumors in rats. (1993)

Intravenous administration of sodium benzylideneascorbate (SBA) dose-dependently induced degeneration (vacuolar and eosinophilic degeneration and cell shrinkage and nuclear condensation, which are characteristic of apoptotic cell death) of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma. SBA did not significantly induce lymphocyte infiltration and fibrosis in the liver, nor damage the gross morphology of kidney and spleen cells. SBA failed to stimulate the production of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 beta in both in vitro and in vivo systems. These results may suggest a direct antitumor action of SBA via induction of apoptosis in the tumor. However, SBA did not significantly affect the doubling time, or the extent of invasion and differentiation of dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinoma in rats. These data suggest that the conditions of SBA administration should be re-established for each tumor sample to produce maximum antitumor activity.
Investigation of the diagonal elements of the Wigner’s reaction matrix for networks with violated time reversal invariance (2019)

The distributions of the diagonal elements of the Wigner's reaction [Formula: see text] matrix for open systems with violated time reversal T invariance in the case of large absorption are for the first time experimentally studied. The Wigner's reaction matrix links the properties of chaotic systems with the scattering processes in the asymptotic region. Microwave networks consisting of microwave circulators were used in the experiment to simulate quantum graphs with violated T invariance. The distributions of the diagonal elements of the reaction [Formula: see text] matrix were experimentally evaluated by measuring of the two-port scattering matrix [Formula: see text]. The violation of T invariance in the networks with large absorption was demonstrated by calculating the enhancement factor W of the matrix [Formula: see text]. Our experimental results are in very good agreement with the analytic ones attained for the Gaussian unitary ensemble in the random matrix theory. The obtained results suggest that the distributions P(ʋ) and P(u) of the imaginary and the real parts of the diagonal elements of the Wigner's reaction [Formula: see text] matrix together with the enhancement factor W can be used as a powerful tool for identification of systems with violated T symmetry and quantification of their absorption.
Biosynthesis of prodiginines. <sup>13</sup>C resonance assignments and enrichment patterns in nonyl-, cyclononyl-, methylcyclodecyl-, and butylcycloheptylprodiginine produced by actinomycete cultures supplemented with <sup>13</sup>C-labeled acetate and <sup>15</sup>N-labeled nitrate (1978)

Resonances in the 13 C nmr spectra of nonylprodiginine, cyclononylprodiginine, methylcyclodecylprodiginine, and butylcycloheptylprodiginine were assigned using information from the literature, from high resolution spectra and double irradiation experiments, and from 13 C– 15 N couplings observed in samples of nonylprodiginine enriched with 15 N. Supplementation of cultures with sodium [1- 13 C]- and [1,2- 13 C]acetate gave 13 C-enriched prodiginines and the labeling patterns were established from 13 C nmr spectra. These indicated that rings A and B were formed in a similar manner to rings A and B in prodigiosin and other prodiginine pigments. Ring C and the C2-alkyl substituent were derived in part from acetate units that were condensed in a linear 12- or 14-carbon chain. The same pattern of acetate assembly has been found in ail actinomycete prodiginines examined.
Enhancement of Gene Knockdown on CD22-Expressing Cells by Chemically Modified Glycan Ligand–siRNA Conjugates (2022)

Extrahepatic targeted delivery of oligonucleotides, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), is an attractive technology for the development of nucleic acid-based medicines. To target CD22-expressing B cells, several drug platforms have shown promise, including antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and nanoparticles, but to date CD22-targeted delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics has not been reported. Here we report the uptake and enhancement of siRNA gene expression knockdown in CD22-expressing B cells using a chemically stabilized and modified CD22 glycan ligand-conjugated siRNA. This finding has the potential to broaden the use of siRNA technology, opening up novel therapeutic opportunities, and presents an innovative approach for targeted delivery of siRNAs to B cell lymphomas.
Spin-Dependent Perpendicular Magnetotransport through a Tunable<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>ZnSe</mml:mi><mml:mi>/</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Zn</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Mn</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mi>Se</mml:mi></mml:math>Heterostructure: A Possible Spin Filter? (1998)

This work addresses spin-dependent magnetotransport in a band-gap-matched $\mathrm{ZnSe}/\mathrm{Zn}{}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Mn}{}_{x}\mathrm{Se}$ heterostructure. In an external magnetic field the paramagnetic layer behaves as a potential well for spin-down electrons and a potential barrier for spin-up ones. My current-density calculation shows a strong suppression of the spin-up component of the current density for increasing magnetic fields; the total current density is dominated by the spin-down component for $B>2\mathrm{T}$. This result gives rise to the possibility of devising spin filters relevant for spin-dependent optoelectronics.
Reactions of p-toluenesulfinic acid with dialkoxy or diamino sulfides and disulfides. (1985)

The reactions of p-toluenesulfinic acid (1) with dialkoxy disulfides (2), dialkoxy sulfides (6), diamino disulfides (8), diamino sulfides (9), and diamino sulfoxides (15) were examined and found to give di-p-toluenesulfonyl disulfide (3), di-p-toluenesulfonyl sulfide (4), amino p-toluenesulfonyl disulfides (10), amino p-toluenesulfonyl sulfides (13), and p-toluenesulfinamides (16), respectively.
Competing Sound Sources Reveal Spatial Effects in Cortical Processing (2012)

Why is spatial tuning in auditory cortex weak, even though location is important to object recognition in natural settings? This question continues to vex neuroscientists focused on linking physiological results to auditory perception. Here we show that the spatial locations of simultaneous, competing sound sources dramatically influence how well neural spike trains recorded from the zebra finch field L (an analog of mammalian primary auditory cortex) encode source identity. We find that the location of a birdsong played in quiet has little effect on the fidelity of the neural encoding of the song. However, when the song is presented along with a masker, spatial effects are pronounced. For each spatial configuration, a subset of neurons encodes song identity more robustly than others. As a result, competing sources from different locations dominate responses of different neural subpopulations, helping to separate neural responses into independent representations. These results help elucidate how cortical processing exploits spatial information to provide a substrate for selective spatial auditory attention.
A PCR-Based Method for Distinguishing between Two Common Beehive Bacteria, Paenibacillus larvae and Brevibacillus laterosporus (2018)

<i>Paenibacillus larvae</i> and <i>Brevibacillus laterosporus</i> are two bacteria that are members of the <i>Paenibacillaceae</i> family. Both are commonly found in beehives and have historically been difficult to distinguish from each other due to related genetic and phenotypic characteristics and a shared ecological niche. Here, we discuss the likely mischaracterization of three 16S rRNA sequences previously published as <i>P. larvae</i> and provide the phylogenetic evidence that supported the GenBank reassignment of the sequences as <i>B. laterosporus</i> We explore the issues that arise by using only 16S rRNA or other single-gene analyses to distinguish between these bacteria. We also present three sets of molecular markers, two sets that distinguish <i>P. larvae</i> from <i>B. laterosporus</i> and other closely related species within the <i>Paenibacillus</i> genus and a third set that distinguishes <i>B. laterosporus</i> from <i>P. larvae</i> and other closely related species within the <i>Brevibacillus</i> genus. These molecular markers provide a tool for proper identification of these oft-mistaken species.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> 16S rRNA gene sequencing in bacteria has long been held as the gold standard for typing bacteria and, for the most part, is an excellent method of taxonomically identifying different bacterial species. However, the high level of 16S rRNA sequence similarity of some published strains of <i>P. larvae</i> and <i>B. laterosporus</i>, as well as possible horizontal gene transfer events within their shared ecological niche, complicates the use of 16S rRNA sequence as an effective molecular marker for differentiating these two species. Additionally, shared characteristics of these bacteria limit the effectiveness of using traditional phenotypic identification assays, such as the catalase test. The results from this study provide PCR methods to quickly differentiate between these two genera and will be useful when studying <i>Brevibacillus</i>, <i>Paenibacillus</i>, and other disease-relevant bacteria commonly found in beehives.
Advances in uncooled technology at BAE SYSTEMS (2003)

BAE SYSTEMS has made tremendous progress in uncooled technology and systems in the last year. In this paper we present performance results and imagery from our latest 640x480 and 320x240 small pixel focal plane arrays. Both were produced using submicron lithography and have achieved our lowest NETDs to date. Testing of the 320x240 devices has shown TNETDs of 30mK at F/1. Video imagery from our 640 x 480 uncooled camera installed in a POINTER Unattended Aerial Vehicle is also shown. In addition, we introduce our newest commercial imaging camera core, the SCC500 and show its vastly improved characteristics. Lastly, plans for future advancements are outlined.
Retinoic acid activation of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor Î´ represses obesity and insulin resistance (2009)

Retinoic acid (RA) was found to be a ligand for peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta) as well as the classical RA receptor (RAR). Carrier proteins that move the RA from the cytosol into the nucleus are the fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5), activating PPARdelta, and the cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII), activating RAR. The ratio of FABP5/CRABPII concentrations determines which receptor is activated. By activating PPARdelta, RA was found to induce expression of genes affecting lipid and glucose homeostasis, in particular, leading to expression of the insulin-signaling gene PDK1 and improvement of insulin action. Hence, RA stimulates lipolysis and reduces triglyceride content. In vivo, obesity has led to downregulation of adipose PPARdelta expression. RA implantation into obese mice has caused upregulation of levels of PPARdelta and consequent weight loss as well as increased expression of PPARdelta target genes, including the insulin-signaling gene PDK1.
Towards a Poetics of Contemporary Public Rhetoric: The Performer's Need for Platitude and Cliche (2006)

This paper asks how we may assess the role of platitude and cliche in the process of composing contemporary public rhetoric. It asks whether these features are necessary components of a grammar of contemporary public rhetoric. It proposes that the most appropriate approach to answering such questions is, counter-intuitively, to investigate contemporary public rhetoric as a species of improvised poetic composition. That requires a focus on the performative context of public rhetoric.
This paper's methods of analysis draw explicitly on methods pioneered for the analysis of oral-traditional poetry, especially the concept of 'formulas' in the phraseology and topic selection of rhetorical performers.
This paper has two principal aims: (1) to demonstrate that the approach is valid in theory and viable in practice; and (2) to foreshadow a wide-ranging program of research that could apply the theoretical framework it outlines. The paper focuses on the role that formulaic poetics play for composers and performers of public rhetoric. Additionally, this paper foreshadows a need to explain the role of formulaic poetics in audience interpretations of public rhetoric, and in reportage of it.
Polymerization of Isobutylene by AlCl<sub>3</sub>/Ether Complexes in Nonpolar Solvent (2012)

The carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene (IB), co-initiated by AlCl3/ether complexes, has been reexamined and extended to different dialkyl ethers. In the absence of a proton trap, 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine (DTBP), the polymerization of IB by the cumyl alcohol (CumOH)/AlCl3·nBu2O initiator/co-initiator system in dichloromethane/hexanes (80/20 v/v) at −40 °C gave high conversion to polyisobutylene (PIB) comprising exo-olefins with high selectivity, similar to that reported before by Vasilenko et al.(1, 2) However, in the presence of DTBP, polymerization was absent, suggesting that CumOH is not an initiator in conjunction with AlCl3·Bu2O, and the true initiator is adventitious water. Similarly, in the presence of DTBP in hexanes at 0 °C, polymerizations were absent not only with CumOH but with CumCl, tert-butanol, and 2-chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane. The polymerization of IB could be initiated only with adventitious water in the absence of DTBP, but monomer conversions and exo-olefin content (60–70%) were much lower than in a polar solvent and the PIBs exhibited Mn = 700–4200 with high polydispersities (PDI ∼ 3–5). The separate addition of ether followed by AlCl3 to the polymerization mixture resulted in conventional PIB with high trisubstituted olefinic content. The previously proposed mechanism is inadequate, as it cannot explain all the observations. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction of water with AlCl3·R2O yields H+AlCl3OH–, which initiates the polymerization, and free ether, which abstracts a β-proton from the growing chain end before it diffuses from the immediate vicinity of the polymer cation. Accordingly, the role of the complex is to deliver the ether to close proximity of the propagating end.
The effect of topographical local charging on the etching of deep-submicron structures in SiO2 as a function of aspect ratio (2001)

Physical and electrical influences on plasma etching on the inside of a microtrench in SiO2 were numerically investigated using Monte Carlo simulation of ions and electrons with the aid of surface charge continuity and Poisson’s equation. When the aspect ratio is greater than seven, the bottom is charged up to a potential sufficient to prevent the influence of all the incident ions, with a realistic initial energy of 300 eV for SiO2 etching within the period required for monolayer stripping, resulting in etch stop. The cause of etch stop is purely the result of the electrical local charging due to the topography of the trench, and of the initial conditions for incident charged particles. The etch stop caused by a cw plasma will be disorganized or prevented within a short time by the aid of ion–ion plasma in an afterglow phase.
Identification and characterization of a protective immunodominant B cell epitope of pertactin (P.69) from <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> (1991)

Epitopes defined by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for the Bordetella pertussis outer membrane protein P.69 (pertactin) were mapped using a series of amino- and carboxy-terminal deletion mutants expressed in Escherichia coli. mAb were found to bind predominantly to a region of pertactin spanning a (Pro-Gln-Pro)5 repeat motif and one mAb was found to bind to another region spanning a (Gly-Gly-Xaa-Xaa-Pro)5 repeat motif. To localize further the mAb-binding sites, a panel of synthetic peptides, a series of 94 overlapping hexameric peptides, and a P.69 30-amino acid fusion to a hepatitis B core protein (HBcAg-69), were synthesized. This combined approach has identified the binding site for the mAb BBO5: Pro-Gly-Pro-Gln-Pro-Pro; mAb BBO7, E4A8 and E4D7: Ala-Pro-Gln-Pro-Pro-Ala-Gly-Arg; and mAb BPE3: Thr-Leu-Trp-Tyr-Ala-Glu-Ser-Asn-Ala-Leu-Ser-Lys-Arg. We have used a non-lethal murine respiratory model of B. pertussis infection to investigate the ability of a peptide containing the epitope of the mAb BBO5 to elicit protective immunity. Immunization of mice with the HBcAg-69 protein prevented growth of B. pertussis in the lungs compared to mice receiving HBcAg alone, and protection correlated with high titers of anti-P.69 antibodies.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2008)

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy continues to evolve at a rapid pace. Growing clinical experience and additional clinical trials are resulting in changes in how patients are selected for CRT. This new edition of the successful Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy builds on the strengths of the first edition, providing basic knowledge as well as an up-to-date summary of new advances in CRT for heart failure. Fully updated to include information on technological advances, trouble shooting and recent key clinical trials, and with nine new chapters, this expanded text provides the latest information, keeping the reader up-to-date with this rapidly evolving field. The second edition of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy is an essential addition to your collection.