gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SPTF: A Scalable Probabilistic Tensor Factorization Model for Semantic-Aware Behavior Prediction (2017)

With the rapid rise of various e-commerce and social network platforms, users are generating large amounts of heterogeneous behavior data, such as purchasehistory, adding-to-favorite, adding-to-cart and click activities, and this kind of user behavior data is usually binary, only reflecting a user's action or inaction (i.e., implicit feedback data). Tensor factorization is a promising means of modeling heterogeneous user behaviors by distinguishing different behavior types. However, ambiguity arises in the interpretation of the unobserved user behavior records that mix both real negative examples and potential positive examples. Existing tensor factorization models either ignore unobserved examples or treat all of them as negative examples, leading to either poor prediction performance or huge computation cost. In addition, the distribution of positive examples w.r.t. behavior types is heavily skewed. Existing tensor factorization models would bias towards the type of behaviors with a large number of positive examples. In this paper, we propose a scalable probabilistic tensor factorization model (SPTF) for heterogeneous behavior data and develop a novel negative sampling technique to optimize SPTF by leveraging both observed and unobserved examples with much lower computational costs and higher modeling accuracy. To overcome the issue of the heavy skewness of the behavior data distribution, we propose a novel adaptive ranking-based positive sampling approach to speed up the model convergence and improve the prediction accuracy for sparse behavior types. Our proposed model optimization techniques enable SPTF to be scalable to large-scale behavior datasets. Extensive experiments have been conducted on a large-scale e-commerce dataset, and the experimental results show the superiority of our proposed SPTF model in terms of prediction accuracy and scalability.
Unsupervised modeling of object categories using link analysis techniques (2008)

We propose an approach for learning visual models of object categories in an unsupervised manner in which we first build a large-scale complex network which captures the interactions of all unit visual features across the entire training set and we infer information, such as which features are in which categories, directly from the graph by using link analysis techniques. The link analysis techniques are based on well-established graph mining techniques used in diverse applications such as WWW, bioinformatics, and social networks. The techniques operate directly on the patterns of connections between features in the graph rather than on statistical properties, e.g., from clustering in feature space. We argue that the resulting techniques are simpler, and we show that they perform similarly or better compared to state of the art techniques on common data sets. We also show results on more challenging data sets than those that have been used in prior work on unsupervised modeling.
ph‐Triggered Transport of Molecules into Cells by Transmembrane Helix Insertion (2006)

We have developed a peptide that enables injection of molecules into a target cell at acidic pH, but not at normal, physiological pH. The process is driven by a previously discovered water‐soluble peptide that inserts itself into the plasma membrane and forms a transbilayer helix at pH < 7.0 1 , and we have conducted a number of biophysical measurements that show it can insert as a monomer with its C‐terminus in the cytoplasm. A therapeutic or imaging agent bound to the C‐ terminus via a disulfide link can be delivered to the cytoplasm of a target cell, where the reducing environment cleaves the disulfide. We show the injection of fluorescent dyes into cancer cells at pH 5.5–6.5, whereas only traces of dye are observed on the outer side of the membrane at pH 7.4. Likewise, the cell‐impermeable toxin phalloidin is translocated and released, inducing stabilization of the actin cytoskeleton and inhibition of cell contractility. The peptide might be used to deliver drugs or imaging agents to cells in the acidic environment that is created in many diseased tissues, for example in cancer, atherosclerosis, inflammation, heart infarction or stroke. This work was supported by grants from the NIH (GM22778 and GM070895) and the NSF (MCB9406983) to D.M.E.
Selective Rhenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols with Methyl Sulfoxide in the Presence of Ethylene Glycol, a Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of Ketals (1999)

[reaction: see text] Secondary alcohols are oxidized preferentially by DMSO and the catalyst ReOCl3(PPh3)2 in the presence of ethylene glycol and refluxing toluene, producing the corresponding ketals. The reactions are rapid, and proceed in very good to excellent yields. The byproducts of the reaction, methyl sulfide and water, are easily removed. No epoxidation or other common side reactions were observed. This direct oxidative transformation of alcohols to the protected ketal derivatives should have broad synthetic applicability.
Poselets and Their Applications in High-Level Computer Vision - eScholarship (2011)

Part detectors are a common way to handle the variability in appearance in high-level computer vision problems, such as detection and semantic segmentation. Identifying good parts, however, remains an open question. Anatomical parts, such as arms and legs, are difficult to detect reliably because parallel lines are common in natural images. In contrast, a visual conjunction such as half of a frontal face and a left shoulder may be a perfectly good discriminative visual pattern. We propose a new computer vision part, called a poselet , which is trained to respond to a given part of the object at a given viewpoint and pose. There is a wide variety of poselets -- a frontal face, a profile face, a head-and-shoulder configuration, etc. A requirement for training poselets is that the visual correspondence of object parts in the training images be provided. We create a new dataset, H3D, in which we annotate the locations of keypoints of people, infer their 3D pose and label their parts (the face, hair, upper clothes, etc.). Our richly annotated dataset allows for creation of poselets as well as other queries not possible with traditional datasets.To train a poselet associated with a given image patch, we find other patches that have the same local configuration of keypoints and use them as positive training examples. We use HOG features and linear SVM classifiers. The resulting poselet is trained to recognize the visual patterns associated with the given local configuration of keypoints, which, in turn, makes it respond to a specific pose under a specific viewpoint regardless of the variation in appearance. High-level computer vision is challenging because the image is a function of multiple somewhat independent factors, such as the appearance model of the object, its pose, and the camera viewpoint. Poselets allow us to untie the knot , i.e. decouple the pose from the appearance and model them separately. We show that this property helps in a variety of high-level computer vision tasks. Our person detector based on poselets is the leading method on the PASCAL VOC 2009 and 2010 person detection competitions and naturally extends to other visual classes. We currently have the best semantic segmentation engine for person and several other categories on the PASCAL 2010 segmentation datasets. We report competitive performance for pose and action recognition and we are the first method to do attribute classification for people under any viewpoint and pose.
Dielectric constant and its temperature dependence for GaAs, CdTe, and ZnSe (1976)

The dielectric constants of GaAs, CdTe, and ZnSe and their temperature dependences were found from low-frequency capacitance measurements. From 100 to 300 °K the dielectric constants vary linearly with temperature. No electric field dependence was found up to 104 V/cm, nor frequency dependence between 20 Hz and 1 MHz. The dielectric constants extrapolated linearly to 0 °K are 12.35±0.09, 10.31±0.08, and 8.80±0.07 for GaAs, CdTe, and ZnSe, respectively. The temperature coefficients λ (≡ε (0)−1 dε/dt) are 2.01×10−4/°K, 2.27×10−4/°K, and 1.71×10−4/°K, respectively, with an accuracy of ±0.02×10−4/°K.
Essential oil composition of <i>Curcuma longa</i> L. cv. Roma from the plains of northern India (2002)

Abstract Plants of Curcuma longa L. cv. Roma were grown in the agroclimatic conditions of the north Indian plains at Lucknow. The rhizomes and leaves, on hydrodistillation, each gave 2.2% of oils, which were analysed by GC and GC–MS. The rhizome oil contained 84 constituents, comprising 100% of the oil, of which the major ones were 1,8‐cineole (11.2%), α‐turmerone (11.1%), β‐caryophyllene (9.8%), ar ‐turmerone (7.3%) and β‐sesquiphellandrene (7.1%). The leaf oil contained 83 components, comprising 97.4% of the total oil, of which the main constituents were terpipolene (26.4%), 1,8‐cineole (9.5%), α‐phellandrene (8%) and terpinen‐4‐ol (7.4%). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Segmented Silicon Strip Detector for Photon-Counting Spectral Computed Tomography (2012)

Spectral computed tomography with energy-resolving detectors has a potential to improve the detectability of images and correspondingly reduce the radiation dose to patients by extracting and properly using the energy information in the broad x-ray spectrum. A silicon photon-counting detector has been developed for spectral CT and it has successfully solved the problem of high photon flux in clinical CT applications by adopting the segmented detector structure and operating the detector in edge-on geometry. The detector was evaluated by both the simulation and measurements. The effects of energy loss and charge sharing on the energy response of this segmented silicon strip detector with different pixel sizes were investigated by Monte Carlo simulation and a comparison to pixelated CdTe detectors is presented. The validity of spherical approximations of initial charge cloud shape in silicon detectors was evaluated and a more accurate statistical model has been proposed. A photon-counting energy-resolving application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) developed for spectral CT was characterized extensively by electrical pulses, pulsed laser and real x-ray photons from both the synchrotron and an x-ray tube. It has been demonstrated that the ASIC performs as designed. A noise level of 1.09 keV RMS has been measured and a threshold dispersion of 0.89 keV RMS has been determined. The count rate performance of the ASIC in terms of count loss and energy resolution was evaluated by real x-rays and promising results have been obtained. The segmented silicon strip detector was evaluated using synchrotron radiation. An energy resolution of 16.1% has been determined with 22 keV photons in the lowest flux limit, which deteriorates to 21.5% at an input count rate of 100 Mcps mm−2. The fraction of charge shared events has been estimated and found to be 11.1% for 22 keV and 15.3% for 30 keV. A lower fraction of charge shared events and an improved energy resolution can be expected by applying a higher bias voltage to the detector.
Time-lapse mining from internet photos (2015)

We introduce an approach for synthesizing time-lapse videos of popular landmarks from large community photo collections. The approach is completely automated and leverages the vast quantity of photos available online. First, we cluster 86 million photos into landmarks and popular viewpoints. Then, we sort the photos by date and warp each photo onto a common viewpoint. Finally, we stabilize the appearance of the sequence to compensate for lighting effects and minimize flicker. Our resulting time-lapses show diverse changes in the world's most popular sites, like glaciers shrinking, skyscrapers being constructed, and waterfalls changing course.
Survey of high security tamper-indicating enclosures (1991)

This paper is a summary of a survey performed to provide general information and data pertaining to high-security, tamper-protected enclosures, seals, and locks. The survey was conducted to identify existing technologies available commercially and through Sandia National Laboratories resources. This information is intended for arms control and treaty verification purposes. The technologies presented are intended to address high-security issues in protecting equipment exposed to a national laboratory level threat. The enclosures address the high-technology attack and are designed to detect, but not prevent, an attack by determined force. This survey identifies sources for further information but does not attempt to discuss the vulnerabilities or limitations of each technology. Recommendations are included to identify technologies that should be considered for further development for treaty verification applications.
Studies on Cellulases Produced by Pleurotus spp. on Synthetic Medium(II) -Effects of Vitamins, Inorganic Salts and Cultural Conditions- (1986)

The production of cellulolytic enzymes by Pleurotus sajor-caju JAFM 1017 was stimulated by folic acid and thiamine-HCl. Among the inorganic salts, optimum concentrations of and were 0.2% (w/v) and 0.04% (w/v), respectively, but other inorganic salts were not effective for the production of the enzymes. The optimum culture temperature and pH for the production were and 5.5 for avicelase, and and 5.0 for CMCase, and and 6.5 for , respectively.
Tuned LNA for RFICs using boot-strapped inductor (2002)

In this paper, the principle of operation of a new type of active inductor and its application to a tuned LNA are described. The design is optimized at 1.8 GHz. An integrated transformer in connection with a current amplifier realizes a "boot-strapped" inductor with a L/spl times/Q factor never obtained before at this frequency. This way a selective LNA with a 60 MHz bandwidth, corresponding to a Q of 30, was designed. The circuit exhibits a matched noise figure of 1.8 dB with 25.5 dB transducer power gain while dissipating 20.7 mW from a 3 V power supply.
Detection of blackouts by using K-means clustering in a power system (2012)

This paper presents a novel approach for the detection of abnormal power system states that force systems into blackout. K-means clustering techniques and two types of distances for identifying pattern clusters are used to detect abnormal conditions. PCA is used for the reduction of the data matrix for faster calculations. The proposed hybrid technique is then demonstrated on an IEEE 14-bus system. (6 pages)
first impressions (2004)

The Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities is looking into the situation of parents whose baby has a learning disability. Tara St John reveals what parents say about the treatment they receive from healthcare professionals and how they think improvements can be made
Heterogeneity of Crystalline Insulin1 (1966)

Crystalline insulin derived from 11 species consists of multiple electrophoretic components all of which exhibit the biological and immunological properties of insulin. (Endocrinology 78: 1115, 1966)
Reinduction Platform for Children With First Marrow Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group Study (2008)

The AALL01P2 regimen is a tolerable and active reinduction platform, suitable for testing in combination with novel agents in B-precursor ALL. Alternative strategies are needed for T-ALL. Serial MRD measurements were feasible and prognostic of outcome.
Growth of ZnO Whiskers, Platelets, and Dendrites (1971)

Zinc oxide whiskers, platelets, and dendrites have been grown on the ZnO substrate by a simplified and modified vapor phase technique which involves the production of zinc vapor at the growth temperatures itself. By this method, whiskers-a few mm in length and a fraction of a mm in diameter-have been obtained at growth temperatures ranging from 960 to 980°C. Change in growth habit from whiskers to platelets has also been observed. Various growth mechanisms have been discussed. It appears that the growth of these crystals takes place at supersaturations higher than those usually required for whisker growth. The dendrites have been observed to grow at about 930°C.
Expression of platelet alpha-granule proteins in a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line (CMK 11-5). (1993)

We investigated the expression of three platelet alpha-granule proteins, thrombospondin (TSP), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and fibrinogen (Fbg), in a human megakaryocytic cell line (CMK 11-5) by immunocytochemical staining, using the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) complex method and immunoelectron microscopy of ultrathin-frozen sections. CMK 11-5, established from a Down's syndrome patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, has characteristics closely resembling those of normal megakaryocytes. Under basal conditions, TSP expression was observed in the alpha-granules, whereas the other two proteins were not detected. When the cells were cultured with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the expression of TSP was enhanced and vWF was also detected, but not Fbg. Cells cultured in the presence of plasma for 24 h took up Fbg and stored it in their alpha-granules. These findings suggest that TSP and vWF are synthesized by CMK 11-5 cells, with the former being produced more rapidly than the latter, whereas Fbg is endocytosed from the plasma.
Evaluation of various methods for nutrient recovery from blood stickwater in the meat industry (2008)

A critical issue for the meat industry is the loss of valuable nutrients in the stickwater arising from blood processing, and the consequent environmental burden. This work evaluates the effectiveness of various treatment methods including heating, pH adjustment and lowpressure membrane filtration for nutrient recovery from stickwater. Despite the blood having been processed through a decanter, over half of the residual proteins could be recovered by a simple settling step. After further removal of particulates in the stickwater by laboratory centrifugation, ultrafiltration removed 40% of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), while reducing the pH removed 24% of the COD. None of the methods tested could effectively reduce phosphates, the maximum removal being 7% by ultrafiltration.
UV Curable Electro-Optic Polymer Switch Based on Direct Photodefinition Technique (2011)

In this paper, a new type of single-mode embedded dye-doped electro-optic (EO) polymeric waveguide switch based on cross-linkable negative photoresist was successfully designed and fabricated using direct photodefinition technique. The optical properties of the UV cross-linkable poled polymer were characterized. By optimizing the poling temperature and the dopant levels of Disperse Red 1, the DR1/SU-8 material showed excellent photostability and exhibited an EO coefficient, γ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">33</sub> , of 25 pm/V. The characteristic parameters of both the waveguide and the electrode were carefully designed and simulated by MATLAB program. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer switch on-off time obtained was about 6 μs. The new fabrication technique is a simple, rapid, and controllable process. The easy-to-fabricate waveguide structure is suitable for planar active lightwave circuit applications. The dye-doped polymer photosensitive waveguide devices will be very useful in realizing EO modulators and switches.
Development of the approaches to UMTS requirements in the CTDMA radio interface (2002)

To overcome various potential degradation factors of the mobile cellular radio interface and to enable the maximum possible increase of the most important system parameters-the capacity gain and the spectral efficiency, a set of previously developed specific communication methods and radio interface architecture decisions are discussed. In particular, the joint use of analog pre-processing and digital post-processing of optimized spread spectrum signal formed with the use of acousto-electronic devices, as well as the implementation of the system resource management using acousto-optic devices are considered. Conclusive estimations have shown the potential ability of the proposed advanced radio interface architecture to satisfy the UMTS requirements.
Gas-Phase Vibrational Spectroscopy of Microhydrated Magnesium Nitrate Ions [MgNO<sub>3</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>1−4</sub>]<sup>+</sup> (2010)

Infrared photodissociation spectra of buffer-gas-cooled [MgNO(3)(H(2)O)(n)](+) complexes with n = 1-4 are measured in the O-H stretching region. The observed bands are assigned to the excitation of the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching modes of the water molecules. The structural assignment of the spectra is aided by density functional theory calculations (B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)) on energetically low-lying isomers, including the calculation of harmonic and anharmonic vibrational frequencies, as well as dissociation energies. The nitrate anion binds to the Mg dication in a bidentate fashion, occupying two coordination sites. The water molecules fill the remaining binding sites of the Mg cation, completing the first coordination shell at n = 4 and forming a stable six-fold-coordinated complex, the structure of which persists up to room temperature.
Cardiac Na <sup>+</sup> Current Regulation by Pyridine Nucleotides (2009)

Our results show that Na(v)1.5 is regulated by pyridine nucleotides, suggesting a link between metabolism and I(Na). This effect required protein kinase C activation and was mediated by oxidative stress. NAD+ could prevent this effect by activating PKA. Mutations of GPD1-L may downregulate Na(v)1.5 by altering the oxidized to reduced NAD(H) balance.
HyperCuP - Shaping Up Peer-to-Peer Networks (2002)

Peer-to-peer networks are envisioned to be deployed for a wide range of applications. However, P2P networks evolving in an unorganized manner suffer from serious scalability problems, limiting the number of nodes in the network, creating network overload and pushing search times to unacceptable limits. We address these problems by imposing a deterministic shape on P2P networks: We propose a graph topology which allows for very efficient broadcast and search, and we describe a broadcast algorithm that exploits the topology to reach all nodes in the network with the minimum amount of messages possible. We provide an efficient topology construction and maintenance algorithm which, crucial to symmetric peer-to-peer networks, does not require any central server nor super nodes in the network. Nodes can join and leave the self-organizing network at any time, and the network is resilient against failure.
Effect of an Investigational Vaccine for Preventing Staphylococcus aureus Infections After Cardiothoracic Surgery (2013)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00518687.
Connector performance of new vs. service aged conductor (2002)

Results of tests conducted on automatic line splices and a variety of other connector designs are presented. From these early results, the Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) has changed its connector practices to require compression tap connectors on all applications involving tensioned conductors. A series of ANSI C119.4 tests will be performed on a wide assortment of nontension connectors and conductor conditions using the same test protocol on both new and service aged conductor under the identical test conditions and loop configurations. The conductors conditions that will be used in the tests are: new, cleaned; and service aged, cleaned; service aged, uncleaned. The tests will be used to compare various connector designs from bolted to powered wedge. In-depth evaluations of the results of the ANSI C119.4 test on electric connectors, on both new and service aged conductors are also planned.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>