gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression in Abnormal Ovarian Structures of Ewes Homozygous for the Inverdale Prolificacy Gene1 (2000)

Animals heterozygous (I+) for the Inverdale prolificacy gene (FecX(I)) have an increased ovulation rate whereas those homozygous (II) for FecX(I) are infertile with "streak" ovaries and follicular development arrested at the primary (type 2 follicle) stage. The streak ovaries also contain small oocyte-free nodules with granulosa-like cells and often tumor-like structures. It has been hypothesized that these abnormal structures are of granulosa cell origin, and the aim of this study was to determine whether genes normally expressed in granulosa cells are also expressed in the nodules and tumor-like structures. The mRNAs encoding c-kit and its ligand stem cell factor (SCF), FSH receptor (FSH-R), follistatin, alpha-inhibin subunit, and the beta(A)- and beta(B)-activin/inhibin subunits were localized in ovaries of ewes with 0 (++), 1 (I+), or 2 (II) copies of the FecX(I) gene (n = 4-9 animals per genotype per gene) using in situ hybridization. Ontogeny of expression of all mRNAs examined was similar between ++ and I+ ewes. Expression of c-kit mRNA was observed in the oocyte of all follicular types present in ++, I+, and II ewes. Moreover, granulosa cells of type 2 (II) and type 2 and larger follicles (++, I+) expressed SCF mRNA. The mRNAs encoding FSH-R, follistatin, alpha-inhibin subunit, and beta(B)-activin/inhibin subunit were identified in type 3 and larger follicles of ++ and I+ ewes but not in follicles of II ewes that were only at the type 1, 1a, or 2 stages of development. However, the cells within the oocyte-free nodules of II ewes expressed all of these genes. The mRNAs encoding c-kit and beta(A)-activin/inhibin subunit were not observed in granulosa cells until antrum formation (type 5 follicles) or in the nodules of II ewes. Tumors from 4 ewes were obtained and classified as cystic, semisolid, or solid structures containing granulosa-like cells or as solid structures containing predominately fibroblast- and luteal-like cells. Often, two tumors were present on the same ovary. Tumors containing granulosa-like cells (n = 3-4 per gene) expressed the mRNAs encoding alpha-inhibin subunit, beta(A)-, and beta(B)-activin/inhibin subunits, follistatin, and the FSH-R but did not contain detectable amounts of mRNA for c-kit or SCF. Tumors composed predominately of fibroblast- and luteal-like cells expressed very low levels of SCF mRNA; of the other mRNAs examined, none were detected. Also, none of the genes examined were found to be expressed by the surface epithelium, theca externa, fibroblast, or vascular cells within the ovary of animals of any genotype. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the somatic cells in oocyte-free nodules and tumor-like tissue in II ewes originate from the granulosa cells of the small follicles.
Japanese Multinational Enterprise before 1914 (1986)

The current scholarly interest in contemporary Japanese businesses has somewhat obscured their equally fascinating early historical development. In this article, Professor Wilkins emphasizes both the extent and the variety of Japanese multinational enterprise before the First World War, and offers a basis for comparing its differences and similarities with the conventional American model.
Comprehensive genomic profiling of different subtypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma reveals similarities and differences to guide targeted therapy (2017)

These results indicate that different NPC subtypes harbor different CRGAs. Both EBV infections and the TMB are associated with the NPC subtypes as well as the alterations of individual genes and pathways. The high frequency of IDH2 mutations in NPUC may facilitate potential targeted therapy and will ultimately point to new therapeutic strategies. Cancer 2017;123:3628-37. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Reaction of Isothiazolones with Amines (1999)

Both 5-chloro-1-methylisothiazolone (1) and 1-methylisothiazolone (2) are widely used and very effective industrial microbicides. They are routinely used in water cooling towers, metal working fluids, cosmetics (shampoo, conditioners, etc.) to prevent the growth of microorganisms. In a number of these applications there are amines present which tend to degrade the isothiazolone molecule. To come up with a strategy to stabilize these molecules we have studied the reaction of molecules 1 and 2 with amines under different reaction conditions.
Synthesis and antiviral activity of some 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogs of sangivamycin and toyocamycin (1990)

The sodium salt of 4-amino-3-cyanopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (1) was condensed with (2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl bromide (2) to provide the corresponding protected acyclic nucleoside, 4-amino-3-cyano-1-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimid ine (3). Treatment of 3 with sodium methoxide in methanol provided a good yield of methyl 4-amino-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-3- formimidate (4). Treatment of the imidate (4) with sodium hydrogen sulfide gave the thiocarboxamide derivative 5. Aqueous base transformed 4 into 4-amino-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-3- carboxamide (6) in good yield. Treatment of 5 with mercuric chloride furnished the toyocamycin analogue 7. Evaluation of compounds 1, 3-7 revealed that only the heterocycle (1) and the thiocarboxamide acyclic nucleoside (5) were active. Compound 5 was the more potent with activity against human cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1.
Containment and contamination control in the nuclear industry. (1963)

Various sources of radiation are defined, and the facilities and equipment for containing and handling radioactive materials are described. (Public Health Engr. Abstr., Vol. 43, No. 5, May 1963)
Evaluation of Xylazine as a Sedative and Preanesthetic Agent in Horses (1975)

Xylazine administered intramuscularly (IM) to horses at the dose level of 2 mg/kg was an effective sedative and preanesthetic for thiamylal sodium narcosis or thiamylal sodium and halothane anesthesia. Evaluation of response of cardiovascular, respiratory, and hepatic function did not indicate serious untoward effects, although cardiac and respiratory rate decreased, calculated vigor of left ventricular contraction decreased, calculated peripheral vascular resistance increased, and transient innocuous cardiac arrhythmias occurred. Effects of the anesthetics used on respiratory function (blood gases and pH), using xylazine as a preanesthetic, were comparable with those observed when promazine was used. The onset of action of xylazine given IM was at least as rapid as that occurring when promazine was given intravenously; e.g., 5 minutes for first observable effects, and 15 to 20 minutes for maximal effect. Recovery, times from anesthesia when using xylazine administered IM as a preanesthetic agent were comparable with those reported after promazine was given intravenously; moreover, horses given xylazine were more calm during recovery and seldom tried to stand before they were able.
Cell-Based Semicustom Design of Zigzag Power Gating Circuits (2007)

Zigzag power gating (ZPG) has been proposed to overcome the drawback of power gating in its long wakeup delay. However, the use of both NMOS and PMOS current switches in zigzag fashion makes power networks very complicated. This has limited the application of ZPG circuits only to custom design. This paper proposes cell-based semi-custom design of ZPG circuits. A new power network architecture is proposed that allows unmodified conventional logic cells to be used. The circuit elements that supplement the cell-based ZPG design are then discussed. To optimize the physical design of ZPG circuits, two methods are proposed. The area is optimized by modulating the number of different types of circuit rows. The wirelength is optimized by selecting the sleep vector that leads to shorter wirelength between flip-flops and their fanin and fanout gates
Evaluation of Biosite Triage <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Panel for Rapid Detection of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> in Stool Samples (2001)

One hundred two stool samples were tested by both the rapid Triage Clostridium difficile Panel (Triage Panel) and the cytotoxin cell culture assay. Five samples positive by both the C. difficile toxin A (Tox A) and common antigen components of the Triage Panel had cytotoxin titers of > or =10,000. Twenty-three samples were Triage Panel Tox A negative but common antigen positive. Ten of these had cytotoxin titers of 10 to 1,000, but 13 were cytotoxin negative. Bacterial isolates obtained from 8 of these 13 specimens were analyzed for Tox A and B genes by PCR, and only two contained toxigenic bacteria. Thus, the majority of samples positive only for C. difficile common antigen contained nontoxigenic bacteria. A Triage Panel Tox A-positive result indicated a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 33.3, 100, 100, and 88.2%, respectively. A Triage Panel common antigen-positive result indicated a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 100, 82.7, 53.6, and 100%, respectively. The high NPV of the Triage Panel common antigen, together with rapid reporting of results, should prove useful in avoiding unnecessary use of contact precautions and antibiotic treatment for C. difficile-negative patients. However, with Triage Panel common antigen-positive patients, a sensitive cytotoxin assay should be used to distinguish true cytotoxin-positive patients from C. difficile carriers.
Photorefractive inorganic–organic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal nanocomposite photosensitized with cadmium sulfide quantum dots (2002)

We report on a new photorefractive medium consisting of a hole-transporting polymer composite matrix, electro-optically active nanodroplets of liquid crystals, and cadmium sulfide quantum dots as photosensitizers. This medium exhibits greater than 90% internal diffraction efficiency and a net two-beam coupling gain of 22.5 cm(-1) with a response time of <1 min . Data on optical transmission are also presented.
The modification of milk protein composition through transgenesis: Progess and problems (1997)

67 ref. 1 tables 1 graph. Part IV, Section D, 70
Virtual View Specification and Synthesis in Free Viewpoint Television Application (2006)

In conventional TV, users can get only a single view of a real 3D world. The view is determined not by a user but by the camera position during acquisition. Free viewpoint television (FTV) is a new concept which aims at giving viewers the flexibility to select a novel viewpoint by employing multiple video streams as the input. Current proposed solutions for FTV include those based on ray-space sampling and interpolation. Most existing work makes the assumption that the cameras are calibrated. Moreover, virtual view specification is done in ways that would not be practical for actual use (e.g., some methods specify the virtual view by a rotation matrix and a translation vector). This paper proposes a framework for FTV based on image-based rendering, complete with key algorithms for color-based segmentation and correspondence, and multiple-image-based virtual view synthesis from uncalibrated cameras. Moreover, we propose an intuitive approach to specifying the virtual viewpoint, based on any two views chosen by the user. This makes the specification of the virtual view very intuitive and thus practical for the FTV application. Experiments with real video streams were performed to validate the proposed approaches.
ADP-Ribosylation of Cyclophilin A by<i> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Exoenzyme S (2006)

The virulence of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is in part mediated by the type III secretion (TTS) of bacterial proteins into eukaryotic hosts. Exoenzyme S (ExoS) is a bifunctional Pa TTS effector protein, with GTPase-activating (GAP) and ADP-ribosyltransferase (ADPRT) activities. Known cellular substrates of TTS-translocated ExoS (TTS-ExoS) ADPRT activity include proteins in the Ras superfamily and ERM family proteins. This study describes the ADP-ribosylation of a non-G-protein substrate of TTS-ExoS, cyclophilin A (CpA), a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase). Four novel 17 kDa proteins (pI 6.5-6.8) were recognized in a proteomic screen of lysates of human epithelial cells that had been exposed to ExoS-producing Pa, but not an isogenic non-ExoS producing strain. The proteins were identified as isoforms of CpA using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and confirmed by Western blotting. Mutagenesis analysis identified arginine 55 and 69 of CpA as sites of ExoS ADP-ribosylation. Examination of the effect of ExoS ADP-ribosylation on CpA function found a moderate (19%) decrease in prolyl isomerization of a Xaa-Pro containing peptides. In comparison, GST-CpA co-immunoprecipitation studies found ExoS ADP-ribosylation of CpA to efficiently inhibit CpA binding to calcineurin/PP2B phosphatase. Our results support that ExoS ADP-ribosylates and affects the function of the cytosolic protein, CpA, with the predominant functional effect relating to interference of CpA-cellular protein interactions.
Conformation of Polyelectrolyte in Aqueous Solution (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformation of Polyelectrolyte in Aqueous SolutionToshiaki Kitano, Atsushi Taguchi, Ichiro Noda, and Mitsuru NagasawaCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 1, 57–63Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60073a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60073a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views505Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intersection detection and separators for simple polygons (1992)

A simple algorithm is presented for detecting whether two preprocessed simple polygons intersect one another. Given a simple polygon, A, in O(n log n) time and O(n) space we preprocess A constructing an enveloping triangulation called a scaffold. To determine whether two preprocessed polygons A and B overlap another, we start with these two envelopes and successively strip away overlapping triangles of the scaffolds until we either detect an intersection between the objects or until we have succeeded in separating them spatially. The running time of the intersection query depends on the complexity of the minimum link polygonal curve separating the two objects. Given two preprocessed simple polygons A and B, placed at arbitrary locations in the plane we can determine whether these polygons intersect one another in O(m log2n is the total number of vertices and m is the complexity of a minimum link polygonal curve separating A from B. We generalize this to the problem of computing arbitrary Boolean functions of two preprocessed polygons.
Coatings Technology Handbook (2005)

Serving as an all-in-one guide to the entire field of coatings technology, this encyclopedic reference covers a diverse range of topics-including basic concepts, coating types, materials, processes, testing and applications-summarizing both the latest developments and standard coatings methods. Take advantage of the insights and experience of over
Synthesis of optically pure dioxolane nucleosides and their anti-HIV activity (1993)

The clinical candidate 3TC, 1, possessing non-natural absolute stereochemistry is a potent and non-toxic inhibitor of a key enzyme, reverse transcriptase, involved in the replicative cycle of the HIV. Selective inhibition of both HIV and HBV is seen. In view of the authors` interest in finding correlation between stereochemistry and antiviral activity, several enantiomerically pure dioxolane nucleosides, 2, were synthesized and assayed. The discussion will focus on (a) the synthesis of optically pure dioxolane sugars from L-ascorbic acid, (b) enzymatic resolution of purine dioxolane nucleosides, (c) anti HIV-1 activity in MT-4 cells.
A child, homozygous for a stop codon in exon 11, shows milder cystic fibrosis symptoms than her heterozygous nephew (1990)

The clinical and molecular findings in an infant with mild manifestations of cystic fibrosis, who is homozygous for the G542X mutation, and her heterozygous nephew, who is severely affected, are described.
Meta-Review of Metanalytic Studies with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for the Treatment of Major Depression (2011)

rTMS seems to be an effective and safe brain stimulation technique for the treatment of medication refractory depression. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better define specific stimulation-related issues, such as duration of treatment as well as durability of effects and predictors of response.
Synthesis of <i>O</i>‐Glycopeptides of the Tumor‐Associated T<sub>N</sub>‐ and T‐Antigen Type and Their Binding to Bovine Serum Albumin (1986)

The synthesis of immunologically relevant conjugates from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glycotripeptides with T N ‐ and T‐antigen structures has been achieved for the first time. In the glycoserylserylthreonines, two monosacharide (T N ) and two disaccharide (T) units are α‐glycosidically linked with serine and threonine; they correspond to the N ‐terminal structural elements of glycophorin A with M blood group characteristics. The synthesis is accomplished by means of a special protecting group technique (Sacch = mono‐ or disaccharide unit). equation image
The gestalt principles of similarity and proximity apply to both the haptic and visual grouping of elements (2007)

Abstract. When designing multi-sensory displays it is necessary to consider human perceptual capabilities and understand how people find patterns and how they organise individual elements into structures and groups. Gestalt theory, originally described in 1910, attempts to explain the way people perceive and recognise patterns. The early studies of Gestalt principles of grouping were predominantly concerned with visual perception, although more recently they have been investigated for auditory perception. This paper focuses on how individuals use the sense of touch (haptics) to group display elements using the Gestalt principles of similarity and proximity. A direct comparison is made with the visual grouping of elements using the same two principles of similarity and proximity. The hypothesis of the experiment described in this paper is that people will use touch to group display elements in the same way they group elements visually. Overall we found that a significant number of subjects used texture or colour to group the elements when there was an equal spacing between the elements. This supports our hypothesis that the principle of similarity is equally applicable for both visual (colour) and haptic (texture) grouping. Similarly, when subjects perceived an unequal spacing between the elements they used spatial position to determine groupings. These results support our hypothesis that the principle of
Asymmetric Michael reactions catalyzed by a highly efficient and recyclable quaternary ammonium ionic liquid-supported organocatalyst in aqueous media (2013)

A novel ionic liquid-support organocatalyst, which contains the quaternary ammonium ion moiety, was recently developed and successfully applied to the asymmetric Michael reaction in the presence of a newly developed ionic liquid-supported (ILS) benzoic acid as co-catalyst. For the reactions studied, in which various aldehydes and nitroolefins were examined, excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities were obtained with low catalyst loading. Also, the catalyst could be recycled for ten times without significant loss of enantioselectivity.
A Review of Human Signatures in Urban Environments Using Seismic and Acoustic Methods (2008)

Techniques for sensing footstep vibrational frequencies, typically below 100 Hz, by seismic sensors are well- developed human detection methods. Walking styles (standard, soft, or stealthy) and the background noise floor limit the detection range of footsteps. Walking style changes the dynamic footstep force on the ground and the influences the footstep detection range. The seismic background noise floor is much higher in urban areas and in buildings than in rural areas, dramatically influencing detection range. Alternatively, high- frequency passive and active ultrasonic methods for human detection are being developed. High-frequency sound produced by friction forces between a foot and the ground/floor allow passive footstep detection in urban areas and in buildings. The active method utilizes continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound. Simultaneously collecting Doppler motion and footstep ultrasonic signals reveals correlated timing features between the footstep friction and the Doppler shift from the human motion. Discrimination between human and other moving targets is accomplished by analyzing the envelopes of footstep signatures.
Effects of aqueous young leaves extract of Mangifera indica on gm (-) microorganisms causing gastro-intestinal disorders (2011)

International audience
Mutations in the <i>DJ-1</i> Gene Associated with Autosomal Recessive Early-Onset Parkinsonism (2003)

The DJ-1 gene encodes a ubiquitous, highly conserved protein. Here, we show that DJ-1 mutations are associated with PARK7, a monogenic form of human parkinsonism. The function of the DJ-1 protein remains unknown, but evidence suggests its involvement in the oxidative stress response. Our findings indicate that loss of DJ-1 function leads to neurodegeneration. Elucidating the physiological role of DJ-1 protein may promote understanding of the mechanisms of brain neuronal maintenance and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Desenvolvimento agrícola brasileiro: uma proposta de regionalização (2002)

This article to present the geography of the Brazilian agricultural development between 1970 and 1985. The starting point is to take into account the high level of heterogeneity of agricultural development in Brazil. The idea is to bring this heterogeneity as an endogenous factor for the identification of the "agricultural regions" to be obtained. The methodological tool to make operational this idea is the use of factor analysis to gather the full range of information of the Brazilian agriculture. As a result, the analysis identifies 37 regions representing almost 80% of the Brazilian agricultural production in 1985.