gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic properties of separated isozymes of the Na,K-ATPase. Substrate affinities, kinetic cooperativity, and ion transport stoichiometry. (1985)

The abbreviations used are: Na,K-ATPase, sodium and potassium ion-activated adenosine triphosphatase; a, the lower molecular weight isozyme of the catalytic subunit of the Na,K-ATPase, characteristic of kidney; a(+), the higher molecular weight isozyme of the Na,K-ATPase, characteristic of axolemma; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; HEPES, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid; EGTA, ethylene glycol bis(8-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid.
Graph object oriented model and query language: a semi-structured approach (2002)

In an effort to design and develop a suitable platform for the next generation information systems, a new Graph Object Oriented database Model (GOOM) is proposed. In fact, the proposed model in its present definition is an improvement of our earlier work (S. Choudhury et al., 1998; 2000). The evolution is found to be absolutely essential in the interest of implementing the model and towards building a reliable Graph Query Language (GQL). We have introduced the concept of encapsulating homogeneous entities into semantic group while permitting the declaration of relationships amongst different semantic groups from various user-defined views. The proposed model aims at extracting the positive features of both object and relational data models besides providing a structured graphic representation. The paper emphasizes the mathematical foundation of the proposed graph language. In fact, the proposed GQL maintains a very similar interface to that of widely accepted SQL.
Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Electrochromic Properties of Electrochemically Fabricated Mesoporous WO<sub>3</sub> Thin Films (2003)

Mesoporous WO 3 films with a lamellar structure (see Figure) have been synthesized by electrodeposition using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a templating agent. Compared to non‐porous WO 3 prepared with isopropanol instead of SDS, lamellar phase mesoporous WO 3 showed higher photocatalytic activity and greater current density for hydrogen intercalation, probably due to the larger surface area of mesoporous WO 3 and more facile charge transport.
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (1997)

The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was developed to assess psychopathology in dementia patients. It evaluates 12 neuropsychiatric disturbances common in dementia: delusions, hallucinations, agitation, dysphoria, anxiety, apathy, irritability, euphoria, disinhibition, aberrant motor behavior, night-time behavior disturbances, and appetite and eating abnormalities. The severity and frequency of each neuropsychiatric symptom are rated on the basis of scripted questions administered to the patient's caregiver. The NPI also assesses the amount of caregiver distress engendered by each of the neuropsychiatric disorders. A total NPI score and a total caregiver distress score are calculated, in addition to the scores for the individual symptom domains. Content validity, concurrent validity, inter-rater reliability, and test-retest reliability of the NPI are established. Different neurologic disorders have characteristic neuropsychiatric manifestations and distinctive NPI profiles. The NPI is sensitive to treatment effects and has demonstrated the amelioration of behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease by cholinergic agents. The NPI is a useful instrument for characterizing the psychopathology of dementia syndromes, investigating the neurobiology of brain disorders with neuropsychiatric manifestations, distinguishing among different dementia syndromes, and assessing the efficacy of treatment.
Leishmania major-human macrophage interactions: cooperation between Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) and complement receptor type 1 (CD35) in promastigote adhesion (1996)

It has been suggested that the developmental maturation of Leishmania major promastigotes can affect their interaction with human complement receptors. To study this, we measured the adhesion of metacyclic and logarithmic-phase L. major promastigotes to complement receptors expressed on primary macrophages, to recombinant receptors expressed on transfected cells, or to purified complement receptors in a cell-free system. We demonstrate that complement-opsonized promastigotes can bind to both Mac-1 and complement receptor type 1 (CR1) and that the transition of promastigotes from the noninfectious logarithmic phase of growth to the infectious metacyclic stage does not affect this interaction. Furthermore, we show that Mac-1 and CR1 can cooperate to mediate the efficient adhesion of complement-opsonized metacyclic promastigotes to cells expressing both receptors. On human monocyte-derived macrophages, Mac-1 appears to make a quantitatively greater contribution to this adhesion than does CR1, since blocking macrophage Mac-1 diminishes metacyclic promastigote adhesion to a greater extent than does blocking CR1. In addition, bovine monocytes lacking Mac-1 exhibit a dramatic decrease in complement-dependent promastigote adhesion, relative to normal monocytes. The predominance of Mac-1 in these interactions is due, at least in part, to the factor I cofactor activity of CR1, which facilitates the conversion of C3b to iC3b. The stable adhesion of complement-opsonized metacyclic promastigotes to Mac-1 is a prerequisite for phagocytosis by human monocyte-derived macrophages. Blocking Mac-1 on macrophages abrogates the majority of the complement-dependent phagocytosis of promastigotes, whereas blocking CR1 has no detectable effect on phagocytosis. In addition, bovine monocytes lacking Mac-1 exhibit a dramatic reduction in promastigote phagocytosis relative to normal bovine monocytes. We conclude, therefore, that the two complement receptors, Mac-1 and CR1, can cooperate to mediate the initial complement-dependent adhesion of metacyclic promastigotes to human monocyte-derived macrophages and that Mac-1 is the predominant complement receptor responsible for the phagocytosis of complement-opsonized metacyclic promastigotes.
Localization of the clustering protein gephyrin at GABAergic synapses in the main olfactory bulb of the rat (1998)

The tubulin-binding protein gephyrin is essential for the formation of postsynaptic glycine-receptor clusters in cultured spinal neurons. In addition, there is increasing evidence that gephyrin can also be present at nonglycinergic synapses. Here we analyzed immunocytochemically the subcellular localization of gephyrin in the main olfactory bulb of the rat and compared its distribution with that of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and of two major GABA(A)-receptor subunits. Gephyrin was selectively localized to the postsynaptic side of symmetric synaptic junctions, where the presynaptic terminals contained GABA. Moreover, gephyrin colocalized extensively with the alpha1 and gamma2 subunits of the GABA(A) receptor. In contrast, gephyrin was not detected at presumed glutamatergic synapses. These results indicate that gephyrin is not uniquely associated with glycine receptors, but can also be found at distinct GABAergic synapses. Thus, they raise the possibility that gephyrin is involved in anchoring certain GABA(A)-receptor subtypes in the postsynaptic membrane.
Precooling for Performance in the Tropics (2003)

\n \t\t\tPre-cooling improves power output by up to 7% in continuous exercise lasting less than an hour in tropical conditions. Although there are various cooling methods, practical and effective modes with suitable durations are yet to be determined for intermittent or more prolonged exercise. Research factoring in solar radiation and any placebo effect is necessary to determine the optimal strategies of pre-cooling for tropical conditions.\n
Deep-blue supercontinuum light sources based on tapered photonic crystal bres (2013)

The nonlinear pulse broadening phenomenon of supercontinuum generation in optical fibres is appreciated as one of the most striking in nonlinear physics. Thanks to the unique combination of high brightness and octavespanning spectra, modern “white-light” supercontinuum lasers have found numerous applications in areas such as spectroscopy and microscopy. In this work, we exploit the tremendous design freedom in air hole structured photonic crystal fibres to shape the supercontinuum spectrum. Specifically, the supercontinuum dynamics can be controlled by clever engineering of fibres with longitudinally varying air hole structures. Here we demonstrate supercontinuum generation into the commercially attractive deep-blue spectral region below 400 nm from an Yb laser in such fibres. In particular, we introduce the concept of a group acceleration mismatch that allows us to enhance the amount of light in the deep-blue by optimising the fibre structure. To this end, we fabricate the first single-mode high air-fill fraction photonic crystal fibre for blue-extended supercontinuum sources. The mechanisms of supercontinuum broadening are highly sensitive to noise, and the inherent shot-to-shot variations in long-pulsed supercontinuum sources are a limiting factor for several applications. We investigate different approaches to quantify and lower the spectral noise. Specifically, we characterise the spectral noise in the framework of statistical higherorder moments, which provides insight into the nature of the noise across the spectrum. We further investigate the possibilities of reducing the spectral noise by modulating the pump with a weak seed, which makes the broadening dynamics increasingly deterministic rather than driven by noisy modulation instability. Particular attention is paid to the commercially relevant high power regime. Finally, we examine passive noise reduction in photonic crystal fibres with longitudinally varying air hole structures.
24 GHz Single-Balanced Diode Mixer Exploiting Cellulose-Based Materials (2013)

A 24 GHz single-balanced diode mixer in paper substrate is presented. The microstrip 180 degrees hybrid junction (rat-race) is fabricated exploiting a copper adhesive tape that is shaped by a photo-lithographic process and transferred to the hosting (paper) substrate using a sacrificial layer. Only three discrete devices are necessary for the mixer operation, namely: two low-barrier, Schottky diodes and a 0 Ω resistor, used as a jumper. The measurements show a conversion loss of about 10 dB at 24 GHz with a 50 MHz IF signal. At the same frequency the isolation between LO and RF ports is better than 35 dB. The record performance achieved demonstrates, for the first time, the feasibility of K-band mixers exploiting cellulose-based materials.
Generation of misfit dislocations by basal-plane slip in InGaN∕GaN heterostructures (2006)

The authors have observed that for InxGa1−xN epitaxial layers grown on bulk GaN substrates exhibit slip on the basal plane, when in the presence of free surfaces that intercept the heterointerface and for indium compositions x⩾0.07. This leads to almost complete relaxation of the local misfit strain by generation of radial-shape dislocation half loops. For x⩾0.17, generation of straight misfit dislocations by glide on the secondary ⟨112¯3⟩ {112¯2} slip system is observed, in addition to the radial-shape half loops at surface pits. These two mechanisms act independently with no observed interaction between them, leading to the conclusion that slip on the basal plane occurs first during the growth process. The secondary slip system is activated later and involves a significantly higher critical stress energy.
Dodecasubstituted metallochlorins (metallodihydroporphyrins) (1998)

Regioselective bromination of 2-nitro-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin, cyclopropa[b]chlorins, or trans-bis(dicyanomethyl)chlorins occurs in the pyrrole subunit opposite the substituted ring; exhaustive bromination of functionalized tetraphenylchlorins provides a route to dodecasubstitued dihydroporphyrins for the first time.
Early experiences on living donor liver transplantation in China： multicenter report (2006)

背景因为在中国的大脑死亡法律的缺乏， cadaveric 机关捐赠的比例是低的。有结束阶段肝疾病的许多病人死等一个合适的施主。生活施主肝移植(LDLT ) 将在等待表和可得到的机关施主的数字的 transplant 上减少在病人的数字之间的当前的差异。我们从五个肝基于数据在中国的大陆描述 LDLT 的早经验移植中心。在 2001 年 1 月和 2003 年 10 月之间的方法，有 end-stageliver 疾病的 45 个病人在中国在五个中心收到了 LDLT。指示和预定、外科的技术和复杂并发症，包括拒绝的非外科的问题，感染，和在系列的 LDLT 的优点被考察。保险统计的病人和接枝幸存率被使用 theKaplan-Meier 产品限制估计计算。统计分析被使用社会科学统计套装软体 10.0 完成。ResultsAll LDLT 接受者是肝脏硬化症的病人，除了有暴发性的肝的失败的一个人。在 LDLT 的 45 个盒子之中，(77.8%) 35 在一个中心(首先隶属于的 Hospitalof 南京医药大学) 被执行。外套接受者的 1 和 3 年幸存率是第 93.1%a 92.0% 分别地。45 个 LDLT 施主，有胆汁的漏， 2 subphreniccollections，在切口附近的 1 胖液化和在 T 试管移动以后的 1 胆汁的腹膜炎的 3 个盒子。所有施主完全恢复了。尽管操作关于施主和受体的安全复杂、不屈、困难，结论 LDLT 提供一条优秀途径给在中国处理施主缺乏的问题。尽管有早技术的障碍，被克服了，技术的完美必然是静止的。目前， LDLT 是为有不可逆的肝疾病的病人的一种好选择。
Cognitive outcome in adults after bacterial meningitis (2007)

Adult survivors of bacterial meningitis are at risk of cognitive impairment, which consists mainly of cognitive slowness. The loss of cognitive speed is stable over time after bacterial meningitis; however, there is a significant improvement in subjective physical impairment in the years after bacterial meningitis. The use of dexamethasone was not associated with cognitive impairment.
Design of FFT-Based TDCC for GNSS Acquisition (2014)

Due to the longer spreading code used for the next generation GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signals, receivers have to spend longer time or require larger amount of hardware resources for signal acquisition. Since many recent GNSS receivers use DSP (Digital Signal Processor) to realize parallel signal acquisition scheme in the frequency domain, this paper proposes FFT-based TDCC (Two-Dimensional Compressed Correlator) with which coherently compressed hypotheses are tested using a reduced number of IFFT points in the 1st stage, and the individual hypotheses that construct the compressed hypothesis found in the 1st stage are tested using the conventional parallel search scheme in the 2nd stage. The performance of the proposed technique is demonstrated with numerous Monte Carlo simulations and a comparison to the conventional FFT-based search technique is provided. The results show that the proposed technique requires lower computation and has lower mean acquisition time than the conventional FFT-based search technique for moderate and high C/N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> (Carrier-to-Noise Density Ratio) GNSS signals.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Cultured Corneal Endothelial Cells as a Validation for Their Use in Cell Replacement Therapy (2016)

The corneal endothelium plays a primary role in maintaining corneal homeostasis and clarity and must be surgically replaced with allogenic donor corneal endothelium in the event of visually significant dysfunction. However, a worldwide shortage of donor corneal tissue has led to a search for alternative sources of transplantable tissue. Cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnC) have been shown to restore corneal clarity in experimental models of corneal endothelial dysfunction in animal models, but characterization of cultured HCEnC remains incomplete. To this end, we utilized next-generation RNA sequencing technology to compare the transcriptomic profile of ex vivo human corneal endothelial cells (evHCEnC) with that of primary HCEnC (pHCEnC) and HCEnC lines and to determine the utility of cultured and immortalized corneal endothelial cells as models of in vivo corneal endothelium. Multidimensional analyses of the transcriptome data sets demonstrated that primary HCEnC have a closer relationship to evHCEnC than do immortalized HCEnC. Subsequent analyses showed that the majority of the genes specifically expressed in HCEnC (not expressed in ex vivo corneal epithelium or fibroblasts) demonstrated a marked variability of expression in cultured cells compared with evHCEnC. In addition, genes associated with either corneal endothelial cell function or corneal endothelial dystrophies were investigated. Significant differences in gene expression and protein levels were observed in the cultured cells compared with evHCEnC for each of the genes tested except for AGBL1 and LOXHD1, which were not detected by RNA-seq or qPCR. Our transcriptomic analysis suggests that at a molecular level pHCEnC most closely resemble evHCEnC and thus represent the most viable cell culture-based therapeutic option for managing corneal endothelial cell dysfunction. Our findings also suggest that investigators should perform an assessment of the entire transcriptome of cultured HCEnC prior to determination of their potential clinical utility for the management of corneal endothelial cell failure.
.gamma.-Aminobutyric acid agonists, antagonists, and uptake inhibitors. Design and therapeutic aspects (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.gamma.-Aminobutyric acid agonists, antagonists, and uptake inhibitors. Design and therapeutic aspectsPovl Krogsgaard-LarsenCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1981, 24, 12, 1377–1383Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00144a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (875 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Isomerically Pure <i>syn</i>-Anthradithiophenes: Synthesis, Properties, and FET Performance (2012)

The synthesis of isomerically pure syn-anthradithiophene derivatives (syn-ADTs) is described. X-ray crystallography is used to compare the solid-state arrangement of syn-ADT derivatives 2a,b to the analogous mixture of syn- and anti-ADTs. Single-crystal OFETs based on isomerically pure syn-ADTs 2a,b display device performance comparable to those based on a mixture of ADT isomers syn/anti-2a,b with mobilities as high as 1 cm(2)/(V s).
A Compact Ultra-Wideband Multibeam Antenna System (2017)

A compact UWB (6-18 GHz) multibeam antenna system is proposed. Design procedures comprising of ridged coaxial waveguide, radome with lens properties, and biconical antenna are presented. A novel UWB feed network consisting of a ridged coaxial waveguide with eight inputs has been designed and optimized to achieve minimum reflections as well as desired radiation pattern over the frequency range of operation. The radiating element is a biconical antenna, redesigned and optimized to meet the requirements for radiation characteristics. Another notable improvement made by our design is to employ a radome, which not only enhances the mechanical stability of the biconical antenna and protects the structure, but also it acts as a lens that improves the directivity of the radiating element. Extensive optimization procedures have been applied to all parts of the antenna system to achieve the desired performance. The whole system has been simulated using HFSS full-wave simulator. The measurement results of the fabricated system are in good agreement with simulations.
Hydrobromic acid-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts type reactions of naphthols (2013)

Catalyzed by 10 mol% of hydrobromic acid, hydroxyalkylation and allylation-iodocyclization of naphthols proceeded smoothly under mild conditions. In contrast, other Brønsted acids tested, including HCl, HI, HBF4, HPF6, TFA, PTSA, H2SO4, TfOH etc., are almost ineffective under identical conditions or require harsh reaction conditions.
Escape of Intracellular <i>Shigella</i> from Autophagy (2004)

The degradation of undesirable cellular components or organelles, including invading microbes, by autophagy is crucial for cell survival. Here, Shigella, an invasive bacteria, was found to be able to escape autophagy by secreting IcsB by means of the type III secretion system. Mutant bacteria lacking IcsB were trapped by autophagy during multiplication within the host cells. IcsB did not directly inhibit autophagy. Rather, Shigella VirG, a protein required for intracellular actin-based motility, induced autophagy by binding to the autophagy protein, Atg5. In nonmutant Shigella, this binding is competitively inhibited by IcsB binding to VirG.
N-Oxides of 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-Oxides of 2,2':6',2"-terpyridineRandolph P. Thummel and Yurngdong JahngCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 19, 3635–3636Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00219a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00219a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1101Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mobile and physical user interfaces for NFC-based mobile interaction with multiple tags (2010)

Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging technology for mobile interaction with everyday objects and associated digital resources. Apart from simple interactions with single tags, NFC has the potential for more elaborate interactions with physical objects that comprise multiple tags and serve as physical user interfaces (UI). This paper investigates the design of mobile and physical UIs for the interaction with multiple NFC-tags. It focuses on three basic interactions that qualify for multi-tag interaction - the navigation between parts of an application, the selection of items and the combination of items. Two user studies compare different configurations of mobile and physical UIs for these interactions in order to evaluate the allocation of application features and UI elements to mobile devices and tagged objects. The results advocate the continuous interaction on the latter, instead of splitting interactions between mobile and physical UIs.