gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical Society of America (OSA) Uniform Color Scale Samples (1979)

In early 1977 the Optical Society of America (OSA) published a set of uniform color samples based on specifications developed by its Committee on Uniform Color Scales, of which the author is a member. The set consists of 558 samples; 424 samples represent a regular uniform sampling of the Committee’s color space; 134 additional samples halve the size of the differences between colors in the color space occupied by the near-neutral, central-lightness samples. The set is unique; it is designed so that each sample–except for a few limit colors–can be used in the formation of six uniformly spaced scales. The set provides scientists with visual proof of whether the Committee has reached its goal of specifying uniform color scales; it provides artists and designers with a tool with which they can lay out hundreds of perceptually equi-spaced scales, scales that can cut across color space in almost any direction desired, many of which have not heretofore been easy, or even possible, for them to produce.
The Autoling System (1968)

The AUTOLING system represents an attempt to replace the human linguist with a machine in the process of linguistic fieldwork with an informant. To the extent that the attempt succeeds, the analytic and heuristic methodology of live linguists can be considered formalized.\nThe current system consists of three as yet unjained components: a morphological analyzer, a program for learning context-free phrase structure grammar, and a program for learning monolingual and bilingual transformations. All programs are written in ALGOL and operational on the Burroughs B-5500 computer. The capabilities of the system are illustrated with examples of its treatment of selected problems in English, Latin, Roglai, Indonesian, Thai, Chinese and German.
Characterization of the electroretinographic scotopic B-wave amplitude in diabetic and normal subjects. (1992)

The intensity-response function of the scotopic b-wave of the electroretinogram may be a useful device for monitoring patients with retinal disease. Three models were evaluated that describe this function in 152 patients with diabetic retinopathy of varying severity and in 40 nondiabetic comparison subjects. The models considered were the Naka-Rushton equation fit to all 21 data points collected, the Naka-Rushton equation fit to the data points below the "second limb" of the function, and a log-linear fit only to data at the nine lowest intensities. In addition, the b-wave amplitude at each intensity tested was evaluated individually. Model parameters and amplitude measurements were compared with respect to (1) their ability to distinguish diabetic from nondiabetic subjects determined from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and (2) their correlation with retinopathic severity, graded in a standard fashion in fundus photographs. When all the parameters of each model were used in combination, there were no significant differences among the models with either evaluation criterion. Furthermore, b-wave amplitudes at midrange intensities (near -2.2 log cd-sec/m2) did approximately as well as any model.
HF‐Based Etching Processes for Improving Laser Damage Resistance of Fused Silica Optical Surfaces (2010)

The effect of various HF‐based etching processes on the laser damage resistance of scratched fused silica surfaces has been investigated. Conventionally polished and subsequently scratched fused silica plates were treated by submerging in various HF‐based etchants (HF or NH 4 F:HF at various ratios and concentrations) under different process conditions (e.g., agitation frequencies, etch times, rinse conditions, and environmental cleanliness). Subsequently, the laser damage resistance (at 351 or 355 nm) of the treated surface was measured. The laser damage resistance was found to be strongly process dependent and scaled inversely with scratch width. The etching process was optimized to remove or prevent the presence of identified precursors (chemical impurities, fracture surfaces, and silica‐based redeposit) known to lead to laser damage initiation. The redeposit precursor was reduced (and hence the damage threshold was increased) by: (1) increasing the SiF 6 2− solubility through reduction in the NH 4 F concentration and impurity cation impurities, and (2) improving the mass transport of reaction product (SiF 6 2− ) (using high‐frequency ultrasonic agitation and excessive spray rinsing) away from the etched surface. A 2D finite element crack‐etching and rinsing mass transport model (incorporating diffusion and advection) was used to predict reaction product concentration. The predictions are consistent with the experimentally observed process trends. The laser damage thresholds also increased with etched amount (up to ∼30 μm), which has been attributed to: (1) etching through lateral cracks where there is poor acid penetration, and (2) increasing the crack opening resulting in increased mass transport rates. With the optimized etch process, laser damage resistance increased dramatically; the average threshold fluence for damage initiation for 30 μm wide scratches increased from 7 to 41 J/cm 2 , and the statistical probability of damage initiation at 12 J/cm 2 of an ensemble of scratches decreased from ∼100 mm −1 of scratch length to ∼0.001 mm −1 .
Review of the Decomposition of Ammonia to Generate Hydrogen (2021)

Because of the problems associated with the generation and storage of hydrogen in portable applications, the use of ammonia has been proposed for on-site production of hydrogen through ammonia decomposition. First, an analysis of the existing systems for ammonia decomposition and the challenges for this technology are presented. Then, the state of the art of the catalysts used to date for ammonia decomposition is described considering the catalysts composed of noble and non-noble metals and their combinations, as well as novel materials such as alkali metal amides and imides. The effect of the supports and promoters used is analyzed in detail, and the catalytic activity obtained is compared. An analysis of the kinetics of the reaction obtained with different catalysts is also presented and discussed, including the reaction mechanism, the determining step of the reaction, and the apparent activation energy. Finally, the structured reactors used to date for the decomposition reaction of ammonia are explored, as well as the possibilities offered by catalytic membrane reactors, which allow the on-site simultaneous production and separation of hydrogen.
Colorimetry with a total-reflection long capillary cell (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetry with a total-reflection long capillary cellKeiichiro. Fuwa, Wei. Lei, and Kitao. FujiwaraCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 9, 1640–1644Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00273a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00273a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views140Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive and portable TDMA LAN with a bus topology (2003)

The authors propose a novel system configuration which achieves TDMA (time division multiple access) functions on a bus topology line connecting a center node with multiple stations. The center node sends synchronizing frame signals and adaptively controls channel allocation to each active station response to its traffic requirements. The center node gives all active stations a temporary ordinal number to allow communication between them. This numbering function and the bus topology provide high portability for terminal connection, while the channel allocation procedure produces maximum transmission efficiency. Also, TDMA can transmit both circuit exchange signals and packet signals. An effective and efficient registration technique is proposed which is achieved by designing an adaptor circuit for each terminal to provide the center node with its physical location.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chlamydial infection of conjunctival tissues in culture. (1974)

Baboon conjunctival cells removed as scrapings from the conjunctiva could be disaggregated and maintained in culture for up to 5 days without appreciable loss of viability. Attempts to infect cultures with a TRIC agent or its “fast” variant were unsuccessful. Nevertheless such cultures appeared to support the growth of TRIC agent since conjunctival cells obtained from infected baboons developed inclusions while maintained in vitro. Cell viability and tissue structure were preserved over 6 days organ culture of conjunctivae. Organ cultures supported the growth of chlamydiae: the TRIC fast variant grew in low titre in baboon cultures; the highly virulent gp-ic agent grew to high titre in guinea-pig cultures. Frequent inclusion bodies and damaged epithelium were seen in histological examination of infected guinea-pig cultures; occasional sub-epithelial inclusions were detected, some of which were atypical in morphology.
Parallel structure based on neural networks for image compression (1992)

The problem of image compression via neural networks (NNs) is considered. A parallel architecture is presented in which different parts of the image are processed by different NNs according to their complexity. Simulations are presented which show the simplicity and power of this approach.
Improved Secretion of Native Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 from <i>gas1</i> Mutant <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Cells (2000)

We studied the secretion of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 (rhIGF-1) from transformed yeast cells. The hIGF-1 gene was fused to the mating factor alpha prepro- leader sequence under the control of the constitutive ACT1 promoter. We found that the inactivation of the GAS1 gene in the host strain led to a supersecretory phenotype yielding a considerable increase, from 8 to 55 mg/liter, in rhIGF-1 production.
Evaluation and user studies with respect to video summarization and browsing (2006)

The Informedia group at Carnegie Mellon University has since 1994 been developing and evaluating surrogates, summary interfaces, and visualizations for accessing digital video collections containing thousands of documents, millions of shots, and terabytes of data. This paper surveys the Informedia user studies that have taken place through the years, reporting on how these studies can provide a user pull complementing the technology push as automated video processing advances. The merits of discount usability techniques for iterative improvement and evaluation are presented, as well as the structure of formal empirical investigations with end users that have ecological validity while addressing the human computer interaction metrics of efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction. The difficulties in evaluating video summarization and browsing interfaces are discussed. Lessons learned from Informedia user studies are reported with respect to video summarization and browsing, ranging from the simplest portrayal of a single thumbnail to represent video stories, to collections of thumbnails in storyboards, to playable video skims, to video collages with multiple synchronized information perspectives.
Precipitation of Drugs Due to Injection or Dilution (1977)

A simple graphical technique is developed to predict whether a solubilized drug solution will become supersaturated (and thus have a potential for precipitation) when it is diluted with water.
Towards Diffractive Ways of Knowing Women’s Moving Bodies: A Baradian Experiment With the Fitbit–Motherhood Entanglement (2019)

This article presents a diffractive experiment in thinking about mothers’ engagements with self-tracking technologies as materially and discursively produced phenomena. Inspired by St. Pierre’s claim that any empirical adventure with new materialisms must begin by living with theory, we share our feminist, collaborative journey with Fitbits and Karen Barad’s agential realism to consider what might emerge when we begin thinking and living with concepts such as diffraction, entanglement, and intra-action. Unfolding within the uncertain intersections of theory, method, and data, our diffractive methodology prompted understandings of maternal, moving bodies as entangled agencies in continuous states of becoming and fostered generative feminist relationships that allowed us to embrace new ways of thinking, knowing, and being.
Antenna-Coupled Uncooled Infrared Focal Plane Arrays: In-house Fabrication (2002)

Abstract : Under the support of the subject DURIP grant, University of Central Florida CREOL has developed an in-house capability for direct-write electron-beam fabrication of the microantenna coupled infrared sensors being investigated for contract to BMDO. The facility developed has resulted in shorter turn-around times for exploration of new device designs while giving a greater degree of process control. Establishment of this facility at CREOL has provided a cost-effective means for prototype device development for infrared focal-plane array applications.
STRUCTURE AND CONTRACTILE FORCE OF THE SUPRASPINATUS MUSCLE IS CORRELATED WITH THE RESULTS OF ROTATOR CUFF RECONSTRUCTION (2008)

Purpose of the study: Muscles contract after a full thickness tear their tendon. The muscle then undergoes atrophy and fatty degeneration. These changes produce effects well described by histology, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To date however, the correlation of this process with the future conractile force of the muscle and the prognosis after cuff repain has been poorly understood. Material and methods: Thirteen patients with a full thickness tear of the supraspinatus muscle were treated surgically by cuff suture. The shoulders were examined clinically and MRI. During the operation, the supra-scapular nerve was stimulated with a supramaximal voltage to obtain maximal muscle contraction which was measured. Biopsy specimens of the supraspinatus were taken before and after surgical repair in order to determine whether muscle activity during stimulation have any histological impact. The intraoperative measurements were compared with the MRI findings and the physical examination performed preoperative and at six weeks, six months and twelve months after surgery. Results: Maximal force of the supraspinatus muscle was 200N, which is greater than the force of a direct suture repair. The maximal force was clearly correlated with muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration: by surface area, force was 12N/cm 2 for Goutallier grade 3 and 42 N/m 2 for grade 0. Five of the thirteen repairs ended with a secondary tear, the muscle in four of the five patients was among the six strongest muscles. The fifth case was the weakest muscle of all. The histological study revealed a larger quantity of lipofuchin in the muscle with atrophy and a change in the fiber structure. Analysis of the results did not demonstrate any lesions caused by the tension during the operation. MRI demonstrated one case of repair without secondary tear, the fatty infiltration had not improved and the atrophy only partially. In muscles with secondary tears, atrophy and fatty degeneration progressed significantly. Discussion and conclusion: There is a risk of rupture of the supraspinatus tendon in the event of muscle atrophy but also for good quality muscle. The capacity of a muscle to develop force strongly depends on the state of atrophy and fatty degeneration. Atrophy can regress after reconstruction without secondary tear, but fatty degeneration is irreversible.
Losartan attenuates bleomycin induced lung fibrosis by increasing prostaglandin E2 synthesis (2006)

The antifibrotic effect of losartan appears to be mediated by its ability to stimulate the production of PGE(2). Losartan, which is already widely used clinically, could be assessed as a new treatment in lung fibrosis.
Valuation and Value-at-Risk of Mortgage-backed Securities---Risk Neutral Pricing and Equilibrium Pricing (2007)

Because the prepayment and default options embedded in a mortgage are not tradable and cannot be priced by the widely used risk neutral pricing model, pricing errors will occur when applying the pricing methodology to the valuation of mortgage-backed securities. By using the Equilibrium Mortgage Pricing Model proposed by Chen, Liao, and Yang (2004) and the American market data, we examine the effects on the valuation and value-at-Risk of mortgage-backed securities if applying risk neutral pricing methodology. Our numerical analyses found significant errors in both the valuation and value-at-risk estimation.
 Keywords: Risk-Neutral Pricing, Mortgage-backed Securities, Value-at-Risk
探討青黴菌屬過敏原Pen c 13引發人類上皮細胞之緊密連結蛋白質的降解 (2007)

The fungi are regarded as the main source of allergens that can cause atopic disease and many other allergic diseases. Penicillium and Aspergillus are the most common indoor fungal species in Taiwan and alkaline serine proteases from them have been identified as a group of major allergens (group 13). When inhaled, allergens initially contact the human airway epithelium. The previously studies showed that the allergens with protease activity may involve in the inflammatory response by proteolytic attack and direct activation of epithelail cells. Pen c 13 allergen is a serine potease we had purified and identified from Penicillium. citrinum, it can cause inflammatory response through the activation of protease-activated receptors 1(PAR1) and PAR2. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between the Pen c 13 allergen and human lung epithelial cell. When Caco-2 and NCI-H441 cells were treated with Pen c 13, the TEER value was obviously decreased after 24 hours, it indicated that the junctions between cells may be disrupted. Following immunocytochemistry staining with different types of junctional protein antibodies and using confocal microscopy, we found that the tight junction protein occludin was disrupted. Western blot analysis also confirmed the disruption. To address whether Pen c 13 cleavage sites within extracellular domain of occludin, we used LC-MS/MS to analyze the products formed by reacting pure Pen c 13 with synthetic peptide segments of the occludin loop sequences. 88AWDRGYGTSLLG99, of the first extracellular loop of occludin, underwent cleavage of AW and RG. Because the cell morphology was changed after treated with Pen c 13, the cytoskeleton actin was investigated. The cytoskeleton actin re-distributed after treated with Pen c 13. The allergen Pen c 13 from P. citrinum disrupted the tight junction protein occludin of Caco-2 and NCI-H441 cells by its serine protease activity, re-distributed the cytoskeleton actin, and increased the permeability of epithelial cells. These results suggest that Pen c 13 may contribute to inflammatory response by damaging the barrier function of epithelial cells.
Compound Exocytosis: Mechanisms and Functional Significance (2005)

Compound exocytosis occurs in many cell types. It represents a specialized form of secretion in which vesicles undergo fusion with each other as well as with the plasma membrane. In most cases, compound exocytosis occurs sequentially, with deeper-lying vesicles fusing, after a delay, with vesicles that have already fused with the plasma membrane. However, in some cells, vesicles can also apparently fuse with each other intracellularly before any interaction with the plasma membrane. In this review, we discuss the general features of compound exocytosis, and the features that are specific to particular cells. We consider mechanisms that might impose the requirement for vesicles to fuse with the plasma membrane before they become able to fuse with each other, the possibility that there are biochemical differences between vesicle-plasma membrane fusion events and subsequent secondary homotypic vesicle fusion events, and the role that cytoskeletal elements might play in the stabilization of fused vesicles, in order to permit secondary fusion events. Finally, we discuss the likely physiological significance of compound exocytosis in the various cell types in which it exists.
A Genome-wide Survey and Systematic RNAi-based Characterization of Helicase-like Genes in Caenorhabditis elegans (2007)

Helicase-like proteins play a crucial role in nucleic acid- and chromatin-mediated reactions. In this study, we identified 134 helicase-like proteins in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and classified the proteins into 10 known subfamilies and a group of orphan genes on the basis of sequence similarity. We characterized loss-of-function phenotypes in RNA interference (RNAi)-treated animals for helicase family members, using the RNAi feeding method, and found several previously unreported phenotypes. Fifty-one (39.5%) of 129 genes tested showed development- or growth-defect phenotypes, and many of these genes were putative nematode homologs of essential genes in a unicellular eukaryote, budding yeast, suggesting conservation of these essential proteins in both species. Comparative analyses between these species identified evolutionarily diverged nematode proteins as well as conserved family members. Chromosome mapping of the nematode genes revealed 10 pairs of putative duplicated genes and clusters of C. elegans-specific SNF2-like genes and Helitrons. Analyses of transcriptional profile data revealed a predominantly oogenesis- and germline-enriched expression of many helicase-like genes. Finally, we identified the D2005.5(drh-3) gene in an RNAi-based screen for genes involved in resistance to X-ray irradiation. Analysis of DRH-3 will clarify the potentially novel mechanism by which it protects against X-ray-induced damage in C. elegans.
Combining Language Model with Sentiment Analysis for Opinion Retrieval of Blog-Post. (2006)

This paper describes our participation in Blog Opinion Retrieval task this year. We conduct experiments on “FirteX ” platform that is developed by our lab. Language Model is used to retrieve related blog unit. Interactive Knowledge is adopted to expand query for retrieve blog unit include opinion. Then we introduce a novel extracting technology to extract text from retrieved blog-post. Finally, Lexicon based method is used to rerank the document by opinion. 1