gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>MED12</i> , the <i>Mediator Complex Subunit 12</i> Gene, Is Mutated at High Frequency in Uterine Leiomyomas (2011)

Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, are benign tumors that affect millions of women worldwide and that can cause considerable morbidity. To study the genetic basis of this tumor type, we examined 18 uterine leiomyomas derived from 17 different patients by exome sequencing and identified tumor-specific mutations in the mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene in 10. Through analysis of 207 additional tumors, we determined that MED12 is altered in 70% (159 of 225) of tumors from a total of 80 patients. The Mediator complex is a 26-subunit transcriptional regulator that bridges DNA regulatory sequences to the RNA polymerase II initiation complex. All mutations resided in exon 2, suggesting that aberrant function of this region of MED12 contributes to tumorigenesis.
Synthesis and properties of well‐defined multiblock copolymers: polystyrene‐<i>block</i>‐polydimethylsiloxane (1991)

Abstract Polystyrene (PS)‐polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) triblock copolymers with well‐defined block lengths and silanol reactive end‐groups were synthesized by anionic polymerization as prepolymers for condensation reactions. Multiblock PS‐PDMS copolymers characterized by molecular and chemical homogeneity could be obtained either by self condensation of the silanol groups of by reaction with dichlorodimethylsilane. The kinetic constants, the activation energy, the extent of reaction and the molecular characteristics of the multiblock copolymers were determined as a function of the molecular weight of the prepolymer, the water content of the reaction medium and the concentration of HCl acting as catalyst in the dehydration reaction. The kinetic constants and the ultimate extent of the reaction could be correlated to the molecular weight of the prepolymer and to the viscosity of the reaction medium. DSC measurements of the multiblock copolymers show clearly the presence of two‐phase materials with mechanical properties depending on the PDMS content.
THE SYNTHESIS OF β-GALACTO- AND β-GLUCO-PYRANOSYL DISACCHARIDES BY SPOROBOLOMYCES SINGULARIS (1964)

Synthesis of β-D-galactopyranosyl disaccharides takes place in growing cultures of Sporobolomycessingularis containing lactose and a sugar acceptor. The products of galactosyl transfer using various acceptors arise mainly from substitution of secondary rather than primary hydroxyl groups. The minimal structural requirement for reaction with the acceptor appears to be a hydroxyl vicinal to the substituted hydroxyl group. A mechanism that accounts for the formation of secondary disaccharides is postulated.The organism also contains a β-glucosidase which transfers O-β-D-glucopyranosyl groups from cellobiose to sugar acceptors. The positions of the glycosidic linkages in the disaccharide products are identical with those formed in the corresponding galactosyl transfer reaction.
Combined Anti-VEGF and Anti–CTLA-4 Therapy Elicits Humoral Immunity to Galectin-1 Which Is Associated with Favorable Clinical Outcomes (2017)

The combination of anti-VEGF blockade (bevacizumab) with immune checkpoint anti-CTLA-4 blockade (ipilimumab) in a phase I study showed tumor endothelial activation and immune cell infiltration that were associated with favorable clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma. To identify potential immune targets responsible for these observations, posttreatment plasma from long-term responding patients were used to screen human protein arrays. We reported that ipilimumab plus bevacizumab therapy elicited humoral immune responses to galectin-1 (Gal-1), which exhibits protumor, proangiogenesis, and immunosuppressive activities in 37.2% of treated patients. Gal-1 antibodies purified from posttreatment plasma suppressed the binding of Gal-1 to CD45, a T-cell surface receptor that transduces apoptotic signals upon binding to extracellular Gal-1. Antibody responses to Gal-1 were found more frequently in the group of patients with therapeutic responses and correlated with improved overall survival. In contrast, another subgroup of treated patients had increased circulating Gal-1 protein instead, and they had reduced overall survival. Our findings suggest that humoral immunity to Gal-1 may contribute to the efficacy of anti-VEGF and anti-CTLA-4 combination therapy. Gal-1 may offer an additional therapeutic target linking anti-angiogenesis and immune checkpoint blockade. <i>Cancer Immunol Res; 5(6); 446-54. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Coding strategies for multichannel cochlear prostheses. (1991)

Comparisons of analog and pulsatile coding strategies for multichannel cochlear prostheses are reviewed. The results are related to design considerations for pediatric implants, including efficacy, safety, ease of fitting, and access to future improvements.
Helicopter Rotor Balance Adjustment Using GRNN Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm (2009)

Considering the drawbacks of traditional adjustment method without calculating possible nonlinear between rotor adjustments and fuselage vibration signals, a new rotor adjustment method based on general regression neural network (GRNN) and genetic algorithm is presented. GRNN network is employed to model the relationship of the rotor adjustments and fuselage vibrations, whose input parameters are rotor adjustment parameters and whose outputs are acceleration measurements along the three axes of rotor shaft and the fuselage. With helicopter vibration as objective function, genetic algorithm (GA) was used to make a global optimization to find the suitable rotor adjustments corresponding to the minimum vibrations. Flight test results indicate that proposed rotor adjustment method can minimize fuselage vibration at fundamental rotor frequency along the three axes, only in one or two adjustment flights. Moreover the neural networks are easily updated if new data becomes available thus allowing the system to evolve and mature in the course of its use.
Hydrogen Breath Testing in Adults (2009)

A hydrogen breath test is a safe, easy-to-perform, 2-to 3-hour outpatient procedure used to identify the presence of small intestine bacterial overgrowth, evaluate carbohydrate maldigestion or malabsorption, and measure intestinal transit time. Breath sample analysis can reveal bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine by the characteristic early rise in breath hydrogen concentration (i.e., an earlier-than-expected rise at approximately 90 minutes when the substrate reaches the colon). Patients with irritable bowel syndrome are often referred for a hydrogen breath test because of symptoms of abdominal bloating, cramping, and diarrhea that are also characteristic of bacterial overgrowth. The elderly are at greater risk for nutritional compromise from untreated small intestine bacterial overgrowth than are younger patients. Treatment often consists of one or more courses of antibiotics. Most patients experience a reduction in symptoms with treatment.
The chemical composition of essential oils of <i>Silphium perfoliatum</i> L. (2004)

Abstract The content and chemical composition of essential oil of leaves, inﬂorescences and rhizomes of Silphium perfoliatum L. were studied in this paper. The mean content of oil in leaves amounted to 0.19% v/w per dry matter; inﬂorescences contained 0.27% v/w of oil per dry matter, while the rhizomes contained 0.41% v/w. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of distilled oils were carried out using the GC and GC–MS technique. The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from inﬂorescences and leaves is quite similar, although in the inﬂorescence oil the dominant constituent is the bicyclic monoterpene α ‐pinene (16.0–20.9%), and in the leaf oil the prevailing components are the bicyclic sesquiterpene caryophyllene oxide (8.5–34.7%) and the monocyclic sesquiterpene germacrene D (6.4–24.3%). In the rhizome oil from Silphium perfoliatum L., the dominating compounds are the tricyclic sesquiterpenes 7‐ β ‐ H ‐silphiperfol‐5‐ene (5.7–14.9%), isocomene (2.8–14.4%), modhephene (2.3–9.9%), 7‐ a ‐ H ‐silphiperfol‐5‐ene (1.2–9.7%), which considerably differentiates this oil from those obtained from the leaves and inﬂorescences. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
<i>In vitro</i> chemosensitivity testing of leukemic cells: Development of a semiautomated colorimetric assay (1989)

A rapid chemosensitivity assay was developed, employing the human continuous leukemic cell lines HL 60, K 562, FLG 29.1. This automated colorimetric assay is based on the characteristic of viable, metabolically active cells to cleave p-iodonitrotetrazolium violet (INT) into a red formazan derivative, whose optical density is readable at 492 nm by an automated microtiter-plate reader photometer. A linear relationship was found between the viable cell number and the optical density of INT cleaved by the cellular samples. Dead cells did not reduce INT and did not interfere with the formazan derivative generation and the photometric reading. Leukemic cell lines were also tested for INT formazan derivative generation after exposure to antileukemic drugs at various concentrations, representative of plasma levels obtainable in vivo. A dose-dependent inhibition was detected, with different sensitivity patterns, related both to the drugs and to the different cell lines. A significant correlation between the viable cell number and the amount of tetrazolium salt cleaved was also demonstrated after drug exposure. INT assay allows the processing of a great number of samples and gives the opportunity to screen several drugs, saving time and yielding fully reliable results.
Novel PCR assay for differential detection and screening of erythrovirus B19 and erythrovirus V9 (2001)

Diagnosis of erythrovirus B19 relies on serology and the detection of viral DNA. These techniques were believed to detect all field isolates because erythrovirus B19 has been known to undergo little genetic variation (1-2%). Recently, a distinct erythrovirus isolate termed V9, markedly different from erythrovirus B19 (>11% nucleotide disparity), was isolated from a child in France suffering from transient aplastic anemia. Standard PCR assays and serological tests failed to demonstrate an acute erythrovirus B19 infection. Subsequent sequencing of the erythrovirus V9 genome shows that the nucleotide discrepancies encompass the entire genome, indicating that standard erythrovirus B19 PCR assays will not reliably detect erythrovirus V9 DNA. As a tool for studying the epidemiological role and medical importance of this erythrovirus variant, a PCR assay is described that allows simultaneous detection of, and distinction between, erythrovirus B19 and the V9 isolate. Examination of 100 erythrovirus B19 IgM positive samples as well as plasma pools representing 100,000 Danish blood donor units for the presence of B19 and V9 DNA was performed. Despite the apparent absence of erythrovirus V9 in the clinical samples at present, the DNA sequence variability demonstrates that the erythrovirus group may be more divergent than thought previously and the child harboring this isolate may herald erythrovirus V9 as a possible emerging virus.
1P1-K07 Design of Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator for Lower Extremity Exoskeletal Power Assist Device (2009)

Advanced countries including Japan are facing aging society and problem of nursing care of elderly is becoming perceptible. Keeping independence of elderly is important from both reduction of nursing load and enhancement of quality of life point of view. Locomotion is often a burden of independence due to reduction of leg force from age and injury. Wearable robots are expected to serve such elderly by supporting their movements. In this paper, we propose a design methodology of power assist device for lower limb, specifically knee joint. A class of hydraulic actuation was applied to provide large torque and backdrivability simultaneously. Optical motion capture and inverse kinematics / dynamics were used to decide the specification of the actuator. Specification evaluation and backdrivability estimation was performed by combining mathematical model of the actuator and actual components' performance data. Preliminary mechanical design of the actuator is also presented.
Separation of oligonucleotides and DNA fragments by capillary electrophoresis in dynamically and permanently coated capillaries, using a copolymer of acrylamide and β‐<scp>D</scp>‐glucopyranoside as a new low viscosity matrix with high sieving capacity (1998)

New copolymers of acrylamide and beta-D-glucopyranoside were synthesized and characterized. The different reactivity of the two monomers towards radical polymerization meant we could control the growth of the polymer chains whose length was inversely related to the number of glucose residues incorporated in the copolymers. The properties of these polymers were investigated in the separation of oligonucleotides and double-stranded DNA by capillary electrophoresis (CE) in coated and uncoated capillaries. The new copolymers were a suitable matrix for CE due to their high-resolving capacity and low viscosity. We also looked into the advantages of a new method of dynamic suppression of electroosmotic flow based on the addition of small amounts (0.03-0.05%) of dimethylacrylamide to the sieving and to the running buffer. A complete test was run on the reproducibility and efficiency of separations carried out in a permanently and dynamically coated capillary, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were compared.
Waking Effectiveness of Emergency Alerting Devices for the Hearing Able, Hard of Hearing, and Deaf Populations (2007)

The study presented measures the awakening effectiveness of a number of commercially available emergency alerting devices. Three groups of varying hearing levels were tested: hearing able, hard of hearing, and deaf. The devices evaluated are a typical audible smoke detector, a strobe light, and a bed shaker. The subjects were monitored for sleep stage during the single night tests and the emergency alerting devices were activated in Stage 2, Delta and REM stages of sleep. Results indicate that the audible smoke detector was most effective for the hearing able population and least effective for the deaf population. The recommended alternative to the audible smoke detector, the strobe, was the least effective device when measured against the total United States population. The vibratory tactile devices were most effective across all hearing categories and sleep stage. When the tactile signal of the bed shaker was modified to vibrate intermittently, all persons were effectively aroused. The research shows that the standard audible detector recommended for placement in all American homes is only effective in awakening those without hearing loss. The strobe is recommended by building and fire codes when hearing deficits are present but did not sufficiently awaken any population. Tactile devices can provide a sufficient means for awakening all populations regardless of hearing level, age or race
Neurochirurgische Schmerztherapie bei chronischen Wirbelsäulenschmerzsyndromen (das sogenannte Postlaminektomiesyndrom) (2006)

Das sogenannte Postlaminektomiesyndrom findet sich zu 525 % bei Patienten nach vorhergegangener Wirbelsäulenoperation. Im Vordergrund steht der Schmerz, der behandelt werden muß. In diesem Beitrag möchte ich neuromodulative Verfahren zur Schmerzreduktion bzw. -behandlung vorstellen. Sie können mit den klassischen, gut etablierten und bekannten Verfahren wie physikalische Medizin und medikamentöse Therapie angewendet werden. Es handelt sich um ein minimalinvasives, risikoarmes, operatives Verfahren, das nicht destruktiv und jederzeit reversibel ist und bei welchem mit subkutan oder epidural liegenden Elektroden eine Schmerzbeeinflussung erreicht werden kann. Sowohl hinsichtlich der Schmerzreduktion als auch bei der Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse sind die aus der Literatur vorliegenden Daten sowie die bei der praktischen Durchführung gewonnen Erfahrungen sehr ermutigend.
Rapid Identification of Viruses by Indirect Immunofluorescence: Standardization and Use of Antiserum Pool to Nine Respiratory Viruses (1969)

The indirect fluorescent antibody test employing treated and standardized antisera and conjugated antiglobulin has been used successfully, in conjunction with a technique for growing and staining virus cell systems in situ on microscope slides, in the identification of nine respiratory viruses. By using pooled antisera in a single test, the presence or absence of these viruses was determined in 18 to 45 hr after inoculation of slide microtissue culture.
Subnuclear Compartmentalization of Immunoglobulin Loci During Lymphocyte Development (2002)

Immunoglobulin (Ig) loci are selectively activated for transcription and rearrangement during B lymphocyte development. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we show that Ig heavy (H) and Igkappa loci are preferentially positioned at the nuclear periphery in hematopoietic progenitors and pro-T cells but are centrally configured in pro-B nuclei. The inactive loci at the periphery do not associate with centromeric heterochromatin. Upon localization away from the nuclear periphery in pro-B cells, the IgH locus appears to undergo large-scale compaction. We suggest that subnuclear positioning represents a novel means of regulating transcription and recombination of IgH and Igkappa loci during lymphocyte development.
Generic integrated PHM/controller system (2005)

The Air Force is developing a wide variety of technologies for aircraft propulsion system health management (PHM). Unfortunately, many promising new sensor technologies and new algorithms cannot easily be deployed for on-wing demonstration particularly for UAV health monitoring and control applications. We are developing a generic hardware and software system to support the creation and fielding of low cost, integrated engine PHM/control systems. This system is based on an AMD Geode processor, a Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGA and the VxWorks/spl trade/ real-time operating system. The MathWorks Simulink/spl trade/ and Xilinx System Generator/spl trade/ are used for algorithm development and validation of the integrated system operation. This system will also facilitate integration of third party PHM algorithms. Presented here is a description of the hardware and software platform being developed to host the PHM/control system and its application to the AIIDED UAV demonstrator.
Graph-Based Answer Passage Ranking for Question Answering (2010)

Passage retrieval of Question Answering (QA) systems aims to find the text segments or sentences that may contain the exact answers for the given question. Previous studies on passage retrieval are mostly utilized a single function to calculate the relevance scores of passages. However, some research has proved that the relations between passages can be utilized to improve the accuracy of relevance evaluation. Hence, a passage retrieval method based on passage-passage graph model is proposed. A KNN-based question expansion method is proposed and then the candidate answer passages are retrieved based on the expanded question model. The passage graph is constructed based on the similarities between the candidate answer passages. Finally, a graph-based ranking model is utilized to re-calculate the relevance scores of the answer passages and the ranking parameter is trained using the learning method. Experiment results show that our method can significantly increase the MRR and TRDR performances compared to the baseline methods.
An Improved Ball Pivot Algorithm-Based Ground Filtering Mechanism for LiDAR Data (2019)

Automatic ground filtering is an essential step for Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation, which has significant application value. However, extraction and classification of ground points from the Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, especially in multitudinous terrain situations, is a challenging task because it is difficult to determine the set of optimal parameters for removing various non-ground features. In this paper, a new ground filtering technique based on an improved Ball Pivot Algorithm (BPA) is proposed. At the beginning, the LiDAR point cloud dataset was divided into different subsets based on the 2D regular grid. The lowest point in each grid was selected as the seed point to build a single-layer surface. After that, the improved BPA was executed to remove points on the higher location. Then, the rest of the points were calculated and selected as a new seed point according to the spatial relationship with the initial surface. Finally, non-ground points were filtered by means of improved BPA traversing all the grids. Our experimental results on the Benchmark dataset provided by the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) Working Group III/3 showed high accuracy (with a mean kappa coefficient over 80%) in terms of completeness, correctness, and quality for DEM generation. The experimental results demonstrated the proposed method is robust to various terrain situations, as it is more effective and feasible for ground filtering.
Efficient transfer-dehydrogenation of alkanes catalyzed by rhodium trimethylphosphine complexes under dihydrogen atmosphere (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEfficient transfer-dehydrogenation of alkanes catalyzed by rhodium trimethylphosphine complexes under dihydrogen atmosphereJohn A. Maguire, Angelo Petrillo, and Alan S. GoldmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 24, 9492–9498Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00050a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00050a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views891Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A model for the efficacy of combined inhibitors (2003)

Studies aimed at producing synergistic mixtures of antimicrobials, which ignore the dose response of the individual antimicrobials, may waste valuable research effort looking for a physiological explanation for an apparent synergy, where none, in-fact, exists. Conversely, mixing antimicrobials with very different dose responses might lead to mixtures with an 'apparent' synergy which may themselves be very useful therapeutically.