gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Covalent modification of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with neutral red for the fabrication of an amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor (2007)

The nanoscale dimensions, graphitic surface chemistry and electronic properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) make them an ideal candidate for chemical and biochemical sensing. In this paper we explore a covalent chemical strategy for functionalization of MWNTs with neutral red through carbodiimide coupling between the primary amine of neutral red and carboxyl groups of the carbon nanotubes. The construction of an amperometric sensor was achieved by abrasive immobilization of the functionalized MWNTs on a paraffin impregnated graphite electrode followed by a coating of a thin film of nafion. The neutral red functionalized MWNTs were characterized by spectroscopic and electroanalytical methods. From the voltammetric studies, MWNTs were found to exhibit a higher accessible surface area in electrochemical reactions. The modified electrode exhibited stable electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen peroxide reduction in a wide potential range. A significant decrease in overvoltage for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, as well as a dramatic increase in the peak currents in comparison with a bare graphite electrode were observed. Such an ability of neutral red functionalized carbon nanotubes to promote the hydrogen peroxide electron transfer reaction with a short response time (<4 s) and long-term stability, a low detection limit, an extended linear concentration range and a high sensitivity suggest great promise for dehydrogenase and oxidase based amperometric biosensors.
employment (1997)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEmploymentNEXTemploymentCAREER PLANNING RESOURCESDIANA SLADEView Author Information C&EN WashingtonCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1997, 75, 44, 52–54Publication Date (Print):November 3, 1997Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 3 November 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v075n044.p052https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n044.p052employmentACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the available strategies for diagnosing malaria in outpatient clinics in Zambia (2009)

RDTs were the most cost effective method at correctly diagnosing malaria in primary health facilities in Zambia when compared to clinical and microscopy strategies. However, the treatment prescription practices of the health workers can impact on the potential that a diagnostic test has to lead to savings on antimalarials. The results of this study will serve to inform policy makers on which alternatives will be most efficient in reducing malaria misdiagnosis by taking into account both the costs and effects of each strategy.
Vagotomy in the Treatment of Perforated Duodenal Ulcer (1964)

Endocardial Fibroelastosis-Foifar et al. MEDICALHJOURNAL after 6 months (5 % of cases) the average survival time was 15 months. Treatment had some effect in prolonging the course of the disease.
Catalytic Ethanol Dehydration to Ethylene over Nanocrystalline χ- and γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalysts (2017)

The study is aimed to investigate the combination of nanocrystalline γ- and χ- alumina that displays the attractive chemical and physical properties for the catalytic dehydration of ethanol. The correlation between the acid density and ethanol conversion was observed. The high acid density apparently results in high catalytic activity, especially for the equally mixed γ- and χ- phase alumina (G50C50). In order to obtain a better understanding on how different catalysts would affect the ethylene yield, one of the most powerful techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed. Hence, the different O 1s surface atoms can be identified and divided into three types including lattice oxygen (O, 530.7 eV), surface hydroxyl (OH, 532.1 eV) and lattice water (H<sub>2</sub>O, 532.9 eV). It was remarkably found that the large amount of O 1s surface atoms in lattice water can result in increased ethylene yield. In summary, the appearance of metastable χ-alumina structure exhibited better catalytic activity and ethylene yield than γ- alumina. Thus, the introduction of metastable χ- alumina structure into γ- alumina enhanced catalytic activity and ethylene yield. As the result, it was found that the G50C50 catalyst exhibits the ethylene yield (80%) at the lowest reaction temperature ca. 250°C among other catalysts.
‘Split radix’ FFT algorithm (1984)

A new N = 2n fast Fourier transform algorithm is presented, which has fewer multiplications and additions than radix 2n, n = 1, 2, 3 algorithms, has the same number of multiplications as the Raderi-Brenner algorithm, but much fewer additions, and is numerically better conditioned, and is performed ‘in place’ by a repetitive use of a ‘butterfly’-type structure.
Second harmonic imaging: a new ultrasound technique to assess human brain tumour perfusion (2003)

Second harmonic imaging not only allows identification of brain tumours, but may also help in distinguishing between different tumour types. It gives additional and alternative information about tumour perfusion. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical potential of this technique in investigating brain tumours-for example in follow up investigations of patients undergoing radiation or chemotherapy-especially in comparison with neuroradiological and neuropathological findings.
Synthesis of the 19-functionalised visual pigment analogue. (1984)

In the course of our studies to clarify the first steps of vision, we prepared two kinds of rhodopsin analogues. One was 9-cis-retro-y-rhodopsin (I) (1) and the other, 11-cis-locked-cyclopentatrienylidene rhodopsin (II) (2). Investigation of the photo chemical behaviours of these two analogues at low temperatures gave chemical evidence for the cis traps isomerisation mechanism on the conversion of rhodopsin into bathorhodopsin
Lower-dimensional quantum structures by selective growth and gas-phase nucleation (1993)

There is increasing interest in the potential application of quantum dots and quantum wires to various solid state devices. In this article, the physics of lower-dimensional quantum structures will be reviewed with emphasis on applications. In addition, two fabrication approaches under investigation at Caltech will be discussed. The first is based on selective nucleation of III–V semiconductors on a patterned host substrate and the second is gas-phase nucleation of III–V clusters. Recent results on formation of nanocrystal GaAs and silicon clusters in the gas phase are presented.
Automated material handling systems: automated reticle handling: a comparison of distributed and centralized reticle storage and transport (2003)

The implementation of Automated Material Handling Systems (AMHS) in 300mm semiconductor facilities provides the opportunity to realize significant benefits in fabricator productivity and performance. The leverage associated with automated reticle delivery to photolithography process tools may be less apparent than a fab-wide AMHS. However, a high product mix environment requires the tracking, storage and transportation of thousands of reticles to successfully process wafers on photolithography tools. The failure to deliver reticles in an accurate and timely manner will negate many of the competitive advantages associated with automated wafer handling. Implementing an automated reticle management system (ARMS) requires an evolution from traditional reticle storage and management methodologies. In this paper, we review the application of simulation analysis to explore centralized versus distributed reticle storage and handling alternatives for an overall ARMS strategy.
Nonlinear Programming: Analysis and Methods (1976)

This text provides an excellent bridge between principal theories and concepts and their practical implementation. Topics include convex programming, duality, generalized convexity, analysis of selected nonlinear programs, techniques for numerical solutions, and unconstrained optimization methods.
Psicología y lesiones deportivas: Rescatamos el "overtraining" a la joven promesa del tenis (2003)

Primer articulo de psicologia deportiva publicado por Alto Rendimiento. En este caso una joven tensita que sufre sobreentrenamiento se le realiza una intervencion para que pueda volver a la competicion. El objetivo del articulo es hacer conscientes a los deportistas de la importancia que puede tener al psicologia aplicada.
Comparing Activities of Daily Living Assessment Instruments (2001)

Occupational therapy and physical therapy practitioners are frequently required to contribute to the Functional Independence Measure instrument (FIM™), the Minimum Data Set for Long Term Care (MDS), the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS), or the Minimum Data Set for Post-Acute Care (MDS-PAC) to determine their clients' level of functioning in daily living activities. Because these instruments are used to qualify clients for services, their accurate completion is critical to optimal healthcare. This analysis, which compared and contrasted the four instruments, revealed usage of dissimilar terms, definitions, and measurement scales. Practitioners working in rehabilitation, skilled nursing facilities, home healthcare, and postacute care have an ethical responsibility to understand the similarities and differences between these instruments so that they can rate clients' functioning accurately and expeditiously.
Optimization of monoclonal antibody delivery via the lymphatics: the dose dependence. (1986)

After interstitial injection in mice, antibody molecules enter local lymphatic vessels, flow with the lymph to regional lymph nodes, and bind to target antigens there. Compared with i.v. administration, delivery via the lymphatics provides a more efficient means for localizing antibody in lymph nodes. An IgG2a (36-7-5) directed against the murine class I major histocompatibility antigen H-2Kk has proved useful for studying the pharmacology of lymphatic delivery. The antibody specifically binds to most cells in Kk-positive strains of mice and to none in Kk-negative mice. At very low doses, most of the antibody remains at the injection site in Kk-positive animals. As the dose is progressively increased, most effective labeling occurs first in nodes proximal to the injection site and then in the next group of nodes along the lymphatic chain. At higher doses, antibody overflows the lymphatic system and enters the blood-stream via the thoracic duct and other lymphatic-venous connections. Once in the blood, antibody is rapidly cleared, apparently by binding to Kk-bearing cells. These findings indicate that the single-pass distribution of monoclonal antibodies in the lymphatics can be strongly dose dependent, a principle which may be of clinical significance in the improvement of immunolymphoscintigraphic imaging, especially with antibodies directed against normal and malignant lymphoid cells. Monoclonal antibodies directed against normal cell types in the lymph node may be useful for assessing the integrity of lymphatic chains by immunolymphoscintigraphy or, more speculatively, for altering the status of regional immune function. The results presented here indicate that a low or intermediate antibody dose may optimize the signal:noise ratio for imaging. In Kk-negative animals, the percentage of dose taken up in the major organs was essentially independent of the dose administered; there was no evidence for saturable sites of nonspecific binding. These findings provide background for attempts to use antitumor antibodies via the lymphatic route. Specific binding to target cells (and any cross-reaction with normal tissues) would presumably be superimposed on the nonspecific pharmacology of the antibody in vivo.
A Dimension Reduction Framework for HSI Classification Using Fuzzy and Kernel NFLE Transformation (2015)

In this paper, a general nearest feature line (NFL) embedding (NFLE) transformation called fuzzy-kernel NFLE (FKNFLE) is proposed for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification in which kernelization and fuzzification are simultaneously considered. Though NFLE has successfully demonstrated its discriminative capability, the non-linear manifold structure cannot be structured more efficiently by linear scatters using the linear NFLE method. According to the proposed scheme, samples were projected into a kernel space and assigned larger weights based on that of their neighbors. The within-class and between-class scatters were calculated using the fuzzy weights, and the best transformation was obtained by maximizing the Fisher criterion in the kernel space. In that way, the kernelized manifold learning preserved the local manifold structure in a Hilbert space as well as the locality of the manifold structure in the reduced low-dimensional space. The proposed method was compared with various state-of-the-art methods to evaluate the performance using three benchmark data sets. Based on the experimental results: the proposed FKNFLE outperformed the other, more conventional methods.
Determination of parallel software organizations for performance-constrained and connectivity-constrained distributed systems (2003)

The process connectivity constraints and the resulting impact on the computation structure are considered. Within these constraints, an approach is presented for restructuring a set of subtasks with precedence constraints and stochastic properties into alternative parallel structures that can be scheduled in parallel distributed systems. A queuing model is used to evaluate the module response time and its resource cost. This model takes into consideration both the communication and the synchronization delays. Finally, an algorithm for determining feasible schedules (that meet designer performance constraints) in order of minimum resource cost is developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A fast and frugal method for team-task allocation in a multi-robot transportation system (2010)

In this paper we present two task-allocation strategies for a multi-robot transportation system. The first strategy is based on a centralized planner that uses domain knowledge to solve the assignment problem in linear time. In contrast in the second strategy, individual robots make rule-based allocation decisions using only locally obtainable information and single value communication. Both methods are tested and analysed in simulation experiments. We show that the rule-based method performs well but the lack of information has to be paid for with increased energy consumption.
The 'boar taint' steroid 5α-androst-16-en-3-one: an immunisation trial (1982)

Abstract. Entire and castrated male pigs were actively immunised against the steroid 5α-androst-16-en-3-one (androstenone) conjugated to bovine thyroglobulin as its carrier protein. This immunogen was incorporated with either Freund's complete adjuvant or a water-in-oil emulsion adjuvant; only the latter was found to be acceptable in the pig tissue. Levels of free and antibody-bound androstenone were measured in the plasma of immunised and control boars. In the controls, levels of free androstenone rose from 15 ng/ml at 13 weeks old to 36 ng/ml at 27 weeks. In the immunised boars, levels of free steroid fell from 16 ng/ml at 13 weeks old to zero at 17 weeks old while levels of antibody-bound androstenone rose from zero at 13 weeks old to a mean level of 70 ng/ml at 27 weeks. When immunised and control boars and non-immunised gilts were killed at 135 kg live weight, the levels of androstenone in their carcass fat were measured. Their meat was also subjected to organoleptic testing at the Meat Research Institute, Langford. Meat from animals whose fat contained significant levels of androstenone (0.4–1.6 μg/g) was found to taste of 'boar taint' while meat from control gilts with low fat levels of the steroid (0.1–0.2 μg/g) tasted normal. The uptake of [ 3 H]androstenone was compared in 12 separate body tissues of one immunised and one control boar. No significant differences were found. The presence of specific antibody in the immunised boar had not inhibited movement of steroid between plasma and body tissue. Some hypotheses raised by these findings are discussed and the likelihood of successfully using immunisation against 'boar taint' is examined and questioned.
The growing role of UEFI secure boot in Linux distributions (2014)

UEFI Secure Boot: a milestone in defending against malware, bringing added security features to Linux-based distributions.
Multicomponent differentiation-regulated transcription factors in F9 embryonal carcinoma stem cells. (1991)

Murine F9 embryonal carcinoma (F9 EC) stem cells have an E1a-like transcription activity that is down-regulated as these cells differentiate to parietal endoderm. For the adenovirus E2A promoter, this activity requires at least two sequence-specific transcription factors, one that binds the cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE) and the other, DRTF1, the DNA-binding activity of which is down-regulated as F9 EC cells differentiate. Here we report the characterization of several binding activities in F9 EC cell extracts, referred to as DRTF 1a, 1b and 1c, that recognize the DRTF1 cis-regulatory sequence (-70 to -50 region). These activities can be chromatographically separated but are not distinguishable by DNA sequence specificity. Activity 1a is a detergent-sensitive complex in which DNA binding is regulated by phosphorylation. In contrast, activities 1b and 1c are unaffected by these treatments but exist as multicomponent protein complexes even before DNA binding. Two sets of DNA-binding polypeptides, p50DR and p30DR, affinity purified from F9 EC cell extracts produce complexes 1b and 1c. Both polypeptides appear to be present in the same DNA-bound protein complex and both directly contact DNA. These affinity-purified polypeptides activate transcription in vitro in a binding-site-dependent manner. These data indicate the in F9 EC stem cells, multicomponent differentiation-regulated transcription factors contribute to the cellular E1a-like activity.
A Phase 2 Trial of Glufosfamide in Combination With Gemcitabine in Chemotherapy-Naive Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2010)

The combination of glufosfamide plus gemcitabine is active in pancreatic cancer; however, hematologic and renal toxicity were pronounced. Alternative dosing of glufosfamide plus gemcitabine should be explored.
Worst-Case Analysis of Heuristics for the Bin Packing Problem with General Cost Structures (1994)

We consider the famous bin packing problem where a set of items must be stored in bins of equal capacity. In the classical version, the objective is to minimize the number of bins used. Motivated by several optimization problems that occur in the context of the storage of items, we study a more general cost structure where the cost of a bin is a concave function of the number of items in the bin. The objective is to store the items in such a way that total cost is minimized. Such cost functions can greatly alter the way the items should be assigned to the bins. We show that some of the best heuristics developed for the classical bin packing problem can perform poorly under the general cost structure. On the other hand, the so-called next-fit increasing heuristic has an absolute worst-case bound of no more than 1.75 and an asymptotic worst-case bound of 1.691 for any concave and monotone cost function. Our analysis also provides a new worst-case bound for the well studied next-tit decreasing heuristic when the objective is to minimize the number of bins used.
A natural variant of the cysteine protease virulence factor of group A <i>Streptococcus</i> with an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif preferentially binds human integrins α <sub>v</sub> β <sub>3</sub> and α <sub>IIb</sub> β <sub>3</sub> (1999)

The human pathogenic bacterium group A Streptococcus produces an extracellular cysteine protease [streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB)] that is a critical virulence factor for invasive disease episodes. Sequence analysis of the speB gene from 200 group A Streptococcus isolates collected worldwide identified three main mature SpeB (mSpeB) variants. One of these variants (mSpeB2) contains an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence, a tripeptide motif that is commonly recognized by integrin receptors. mSpeB2 is made by all isolates of the unusually virulent serotype M1 and several other geographically widespread clones that frequently cause invasive infections. Only the mSpeB2 variant bound to transfected cells expressing integrin alphavbeta3 (also known as the vitronectin receptor) or alphaIIbbeta3 (platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa), and binding was blocked by a mAb that recognizes the streptococcal protease RGD motif region. In addition, mSpeB2 bound purified platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3. Defined beta3 mutants that are altered for fibrinogen binding were defective for SpeB binding. Synthetic peptides with the mSpeB2 RGD motif, but not the RSD sequence present in other mSpeB variants, blocked binding of mSpeB2 to transfected cells expressing alphavbeta3 and caused detachment of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The results (i) identify a Gram-positive virulence factor that directly binds integrins, (ii) identify naturally occurring variants of a documented Gram-positive virulence factor with biomedically relevant differences in their interactions with host cells, and (iii) add to the theme that subtle natural variation in microbial virulence factor structure alters the character of host-pathogen interactions.