gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Equations-of-Motion Method and the Extended Shell Model (1968)

This paper presents the equations-of-motion method as a useful and flexible tool in the study of nuclear spectroscopy. It is partly a review, but also it introduces a new and much more powerful equations-of-motion technique which supercedes the older linearization methods. The older methods worked with operator equations. To obtain closed expressions they had to be linearized in a rather arbitrary manner. The present approach works with the ground-state expectation of operator equations and thereby avoids all problems of linearization. Thus, like the Green's function method, the equations-of-motion method becomes potentially exact. It has many advantages over Green's function methods, however, among which are its greater compactness, simplicity, and the physical insight it yields.The method is first applied to rederive the random phase approximation (RPA) and the quasi-particle RPA (QRPA) and to show precisely what terms they neglect. It is demonstrated that some of these terms have coherent phases. A higher RPA and QRPA are then derived to include these terms. The corrections have some interesting effects: notably, there is a reduction of the effective interaction strength and a stabilization of the nucleus against sudden phase transitions. The equations-of-motion method is also used to generalize, in a very simple and natural way, the Hartree-Fock (HF) and Hartree-Bogolyubov (HB) concepts of independent particles and quasi-particles to nonsimple ground states.The equations-of-motion method is presented as a simple extension of the shell model to the treatment of excitationg of a correlated ground state. By concentrating on the quantities of direct physical interest, the complexity of workins with correlated wavefunctions is avoided.
Endothelial dysfunction in human hand veins is rapidly reversible after smoking cessation (1998)

Cigarette smoking has been shown to impair endothelium-dependent dilation in arteries. We tested the hypothesis that cigarette smoking also impairs endothelium-dependent venodilation and evaluated changes in this response after smoking cessation in a time-course study using the dorsal hand vein technique. Dose-response curves were constructed in smokers and nonsmokers by infusing bradykinin (1-278 ng/min), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, and nitroglycerin (0.006-1,583 ng/min), an endothelium-independent vasodilator, into hand veins preconstricted with the selective alpha1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine. The maximal venodilation induced by bradykinin was 89 +/- 5% in controls (n = 16) and 61 +/- 7% in smokers (n = 18; P = 0.02). No difference in nitroglycerin-induced venodilation was observed between the two groups. Coinfusion of L-arginine (0.33 mg/min) markedly improved the bradykinin-induced venodilation in smokers (52 +/- 7 to 90 +/- 9%; P < 0.01). After acute smoking cessation (n = 7), restoration to normal bradykinin-induced venodilation was observed within 24 h, whereas no change in the response to a maximally effective dose of nitroglycerin (1,583 ng/min) was detected. In a human vein model appropriate for testing vascular functional alterations, this study demonstrates that smoking impairs endothelium-dependent venodilation in heavy smokers. Moreover, this endothelial dysfunction appears to be rapidly reversible after smoking cessation. This model may be useful in studies evaluating mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and interventions to modify it.
Integrating the Results from Process Simulation into Fatigue Life Prediction (2007)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In the last decades fatigue life prediction has reached a high level in respect to practical handling and accuracy. Deviations between numerical results and test results in terms of cycles till crack initiation are resulting mostly from insecure or lacking input data. On the one hand, the accuracy of Finite Element Analyses results gets better and better because of greatly increasing computer power and mesh density. Whereas on the other hand, the situation is much more critical regarding load data and especially regarding local material properties of the components (compared to specimen data).</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">But in the last few years also the possibilities of process simulation have improved in such, that at least a few local material properties or quality indicators can be predicted with sufficient reliability. While for instance the detailed simulation of the welding process is still difficult during the common development process, sheet-metal forming and casting simulations are already widely applied to optimize properties of components in an early stage of development.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Therefore, the idea to integrate process simulation into fatigue analysis is reasonable, because both simulation technologies represent a current state of the art. This integration has recently been realised both for forming simulation of steel sheet-metal as well as sand and die casting of aluminum and magnesium.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The distribution of the effective plastic strain is an output of forming simulation which can be used as an indicator for local material properties. The secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS), whose distribution is an output from casting simulation, correlates significantly with porosity and endurance limit. For die casting, a pore free surface layer can be accounted for.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">All those parameters can be used as an input for fatigue analysis and practical examples demonstrate the influence on the predicted results.</div>
Active Sites in Complement Components C5 and C3 Identified by Proximity to Indels in the C3/4/5 Protein Family (1999)

We recently suggested that sites of length polymorphisms in protein families (indels) might serve as useful guides for locating protein:protein interaction sites. This report describes additional site-specific mutagenesis and synthetic peptide inhibition studies aimed at testing this idea for the paralogous complement C3, C4, and C5 proteins. A series of C5 mutants was constructed by altering the C5 sequence at each of the 27 indels in this protein family. Mutants were expressed in COS cells and were assayed for hemolytic activity and protease sensitivity. Mutants at five indels showed relatively normal expression but substantially reduced sp. act., indicating that the mutations damaged sites important for C5 function. Twenty-three synthetic peptides with C5 sequences and 10 with C3 sequences were also tested for the ability to inhibit C hemolytic activity. Three of the C5 peptides and one of the C3 peptides showed 50% inhibition of both C hemolytic and bactericidal activities at a concentration of 100 microM. In several cases both the mutational and peptide methods implicated the same indel site. Overall, the results suggest that regions important for function of both C3 and C5 lie proximal to residues 150-200 and 1600-1620 in the precursor sequences. Additional sites potentially important for C5 function are near residue 500 in the beta-chain and at two or three sites between the N-terminus of the alpha'-chain and the C5d fragment. One of the latter sites, near residue 865, appears to be important for proteolytic activation of C5.
Graphene Terahertz Plasmon Oscillators (2008)

In this paper we propose and discuss coherent terahertz sources based on charge density wave (plasmon) amplification in two-dimensional graphene. The coupling of the plasmons to interband electron-hole transitions in population inverted graphene layers can lead to plasmon amplification through stimulated emission. Plasmon gain values in graphene can be very large due to the small group velocity of the plasmons and the strong confinement of the plasmon field in the vicinity of the graphene layer. We present a transmission line model for plasmon propagation in graphene that includes plasmon dissipation and plasmon interband gain due to stimulated emission. Using this model, we discuss design for terahertz plasmon oscillators and derive the threshold condition for oscillation taking into account internal losses and also losses due to external coupling. The threshold condition is shown to depend on the ratio of the external impedance and the characteristic impedance of the plasmon transmission line. The large gain values available at terahertz frequencies in graphene can lead to integrated oscillators that have dimensions in the 1-10 mum range.
A STUDY ON THE PRODUCTION OF POLY-BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE BY SOME EUKYRYOTIC MICROORGANISMS (2002)

In this research, 15 yeast strains were isolated from kombucha tea. As a result of the identification tests, these strains were identified Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida krusei, Kloeckera apiculata and Kluyveromyces africanus. Also, 22 different strains of yeast were taken from A.U.Z.F for this research. While the PHB percent according to cell dry weight of yeast strains isolated from Kombucha tea were found to be between 0.50-16.67%, the PHB percent according to cell dry weight of yeast strains taken at A.U.Z.F. were determined between 0.25-21.74%. Besides, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the accumulated PHB were examined in Rhodotorula glutinis var. glutinis 60 and Saccharomyces diastaticus 27 strains that had high PHB production. Different nitrogen sources were determined not to increase amount of PHB percent in Rhodotorula glutinis var glutinis 60. On the other hand, when the strain was grown in mannitol medium as carbon source, the PHB percent production was observed higher than control and the PHB percent production increased to 21.95%. While the strain Saccharomyces diastaticus 27 was determined not to have any effect to increase the PHB percent production of different carbon sources, when it was grown in DL-tryptophan medium from nitrogen sources the PHB percent production was observed to increase to 25%.
Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites by Inkjet Printing (2005)

This paper describes work on a continuing project to form functional composites that contain ceramic nanoparticles using a Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) inkjet printing method. The process involves inkjet deposition of monomer/particle suspensions in layers followed by curing each layer in sequence using UV radiation. The reactive monomer is hexanediol-diacrylate (HDODA); the polymer forming reaction proceeds by a free radical mechanism. The liquid monomer containing nanoparticles is essentially a printing ink formulation. Successfully suspending the particles in the monomer is critical. We have developed a surface treatment method for forming stable suspensions of the nanoparticles so that they remain discrete throughout the processing sequence. The SFF process involves careful control of the polymer cure so that the interface between layers is seamless and residual stresses in the composites are eliminated. An immediate use for such composites is in optical applications as gradient refractive index lenses (GRIN). GRIN lenses have planar surfaces, eliminating the need for costly grinding and polishing. The planar surfaces also eliminate optical aberrations that result at the edges of spherical lenses and diminish the accuracy of focus. If the appropriate nanoparticles are fully dispersed they will modify the polymer's refractive index without interfering with light transmission. The effect is additive with volume concentration. Using 'inks' of different compositions in a multiple nozzle inkjet printer allows the formation of composites with precise composition gradients. Since an object is built one planar layer at a time, changes can be made readily both within each layer and from layer to layer. Inkjet printing with picoliter resolution is ideal for this task. Working with SiC nanoparticles in HDODA as a model system for demonstrating the inkjet deposition process, nanocomposite films with a linear concentration gradient varying from 0 to 4.5% (wt) were fabricated on Silicon wafers. These composites are 30 layer films, which total 140µm in thickness. Each layer in the composite is about 5 µm in thickness. Analytical methods for characterizing the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the composite and some of the salient optical properties of the composites also were established. The status of the program is reviewed in this paper.
3D Imaging Camera for Gaming Application (2007)

We describe a camera which is designed as a novel user interface for gaming applications. Such a camera, developed and patented by 3DV Systems, is capable of separating objects in space or time, thus be an ideal tool for interfacing in free space gaming consoles or other gaming platforms by body or hand gestures only. The basic feature of such a camera is real time depth imaging by capturing the shape of a light-pulse front as it is reflected of a three dimensional object. This depth sensing is very versatile and may be applied to many fields, such as security, robotics and gestures recognition, to name a few. We describe the basic architecture and main building blocks of a high-speed depth camera, for real time gaming interfacing.
Adaptive admission control for web applications with variable capacity (2009)

The system capacity available to a multi-tier Web based application is often a dynamic quantity. Most static threshold-based overload control mechanisms are best suited to situations where the system's capacity is constant or the bottleneck resource is known. However, with varying capacity, the admission control mechanism needs to adapt dynamically. We propose and implement an adaptive admission control mechanism that adjusts the admitted load to compensate for changes in system capacity. The proposed solution is implemented as a proxy server between clients and front-end Web servers. The proxy monitors dasiablack-boxpsila performance metrics-response time and rate of successfully completed requests (goodput). With these measurements as indicators of system state, we employ a control theory based feedback loop to dynamically determine the rate of admitted requests. The objective is to balance changes in response time and changes in goodput, while preventing overloads due to reduction in available system capacity. We evaluate our mechanism with experiments on a test-bed and find that it is able to maintain higher productivity than a static admission control scheme.
Hybrid HMM/SVM model for the analysis and segmentation of teleoperation tasks (2004)

The automatic execution of a complex task requires the identification of an underlying mental model to derive a possible task control sequence. The model aims at analysing and segmenting the task in simpler sub-tasks. As an example of a complex task, in this paper we consider teleoperation where a person commands a remote robot. This paper presents a new modeling approach using hidden Markov models (HMM) and support vector machines (SVM) to analyse the force/torque signals of a teleoperation task. The task is divided into simpler sub-tasks and the model is used to segment the signals in each sub-task. The segmentation gives informations on the system behavior identifying the changes of the model states. Peg in hole force/torque data are used for testing the model. The results are consistent with the literature with respect to off-line analysis, whereas a significant increase of performance is achieved for on-line analysis.
MATRIX NONUNIFORMITY EFFECT ON MEASUREMENT OF APPARENT BULK SOIL ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY1 (1988)

Soil batches were initially leached to three levels of salinity and then packed in vertical and horizontal arrangements for laboratory experiments to study the effect of matrix nonuniformity on the apparent bulk soil electrical conductivity (ECa) measured by the four-electrode technique. Measured ECa of the nonuniform matrices deviated from those of a uniform soil by +260% to −50% depending on both differences in salinity levels of adjacent soils and their proximity to the measuring electrodes. Deviation is explained by dependence of electrical field distribution on soil matrix properties.
I2C hardware master serial interface for asynchronous ADCs (2015)

The implementation of the I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C-compatible serial interface for asynchronous ADCs that output data irregularly in time is reported in the paper. The device contains I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C hardware master-transmitter functionality and is capable of operating fully autonomously in I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C bus communication system. In particular, the asynchronous ADC with proposed I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C interface is able to initiate data transfer on the bus when new data are available on the converter output.
Finding a "Kneedle" in a Haystack: Detecting Knee Points in System Behavior (2011)

Computer systems often reach a point at which the relative cost to increase some tunable parameter is no longer worth the corresponding performance benefit. These "knees'' typically represent beneficial points that system designers have long selected to best balance inherent trade-offs. While prior work largely uses ad hoc, system-specific approaches to detect knees, we present Kneedle, a general approach to on line and off line knee detection that is applicable to a wide range of systems. We define a knee formally for continuous functions using the mathematical concept of curvature and compare our definition against alternatives. We then evaluate Kneedle's accuracy against existing algorithms on both synthetic and real data sets, and evaluate its performance in two different applications.
Speech Based Machine Learning Models for Emotional State Recognition and PTSD Detection (2017)

Recognition of emotional state and diagnosis of trauma related illnesses such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using speech signals have been active research topics over the past decade. A typical emotion recognition system consists of three components: speech segmentation, feature extraction and emotion identification. Various speech features have been developed for emotional state recognition which can be divided into three categories, namely, excitation, vocal tract and prosodic. However, the capabilities of different feature categories and advanced machine learning techniques have not been fully explored for emotion recognition and PTSD diagnosis. For PTSD assessment, clinical diagnosis through structured interviews is a widely accepted means of diagnosis, but patients are often embarrassed to get diagnosed at clinics. The speech signal based system is a recently developed alternative. Unfortunately,PTSD speech corpora are limited in size which presents difficulties in training complex diagnostic models. This dissertation proposed sparse coding methods and deep belief network models for emotional state identification and PTSD diagnosis. It also includes an additional transfer learning strategy for PTSD diagnosis. Deep belief networks are complex models that cannot work with small data like the PTSD speech database. Thus, a transfer learning strategy was adopted to mitigate the small data problem. Transfer learning aims to extract knowledge from one or more source tasks and apply the knowledge to a target task with the intention of improving the learning. It has proved to be useful when the target task has limited high quality training data. We evaluated the proposed methods on the speech under simulated and actual stress database (SUSAS) for emotional state recognition and on two PTSD speech databases for PTSD diagnosis. Experimental results and statistical tests showed that the proposed models outperformed most state-of-the-art methods in the literature and are potentially efficient models for emotional state recognition and PTSD diagnosis.
Next Generation Network design and capacity dimensioning (2010)

Next Generation Network NGN Internet protocol (IP)-centric converged network aims to provide a multitude of services over a single integrated network infrastructure, rather than multiple separated and overlay networks, as have existed for decades. The deployment of NGN have brought unique challenges in how to deploy and dimensioning NGN to meet uncertain market demands of the new bandwidth hungry services with minimum cost. Building NGN network should pass through the three main phases, Network Planning, Designing, and Expansion. This paper will present a precisely method based on mathematics criteria to calculate the essential needed resources and equipments for NGN deployment in the three different phases. This method aims to reduce the capital expenditure (CAPEX) by determining the optimal quantities of equipments that meet the high grade of services requirements. Implementing this method to calculate the needed resources to migrate Yemen Telecom (YT) network to NGN will be also presented.
Application of Linear Logic to Web Service Composition (2003)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a method for automated web service composition by applying Linear Logic (LL) theorem proving. We distinguish value-added web services and core service by assuming that the core service is already selected by the user, but its functionality does not completely match the user’s requirement. Our method enables automation for combining the core service together with a set of value-added services to solve the problem. The method uses web service languages for external presentation of atomic web services (WSDL) or composite web services (BPEL4WS), while the services are internally presented by extralogical axioms and proofs in LL. In this paper, we are focused on the internal presentation and proof. LL, as the internal representation language, enables us to define some issues required by web service composition formally, such as qualitative and quantitative constraints plus subsumption reasoning on concepts. In addition, LL guarantees the correctness and completeness of service composition process.
Band offset of the ZnSe–ZnTe superlattices: A fit to photoluminescence data by <b>k</b>⋅<b>p</b> theory (1988)

The ZnSe–ZnTe superlattices have attracted considerable attention as possible blue/green light emitters. Although these superlattices have been successfully fabricated and show intense photoluminescence, there are many basic issues about this system which still remain unresolved. The most important of them is the value of the valence band offset between ZnSe and ZnTe. We have studied the band structure of ZnSe–ZnTe superlattices. Our calculations are based on second order k⋅p theory and include the effects of strain and spin-orbit splitting on the superlattice band structure. We have investigated the dependence of the superlattice band gap on the valence band offset. Based on the assumption that the photoluminescence from the superlattice corresponds to a bound exciton at a Te1 isoelectronic center in ZnSe, we have fit the experimental photoluminescence data with k⋅p theory to obtain the best value of the valence band offset. The value we find is 0.97±0.10 eV. Alternatively, assuming that the photoluminescence was due to band-to-band transitions we obtain a valence band offset of 1.20±0.13 eV. We have also calculated the superlattice band gap as a function of the constituent material layer thicknesses for the first valence band offset quoted. We expect these results to be important in gaining an understanding of the value of the valence band offset, and the nature of the photoluminescence from this system.