gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extremely low density InAs quantum dots realized <i>in situ</i> on (100) GaAs (2004)

Extremely low density self-assembled InAs quantum dots are grown by a combination technique of in situ annealing for 2 min and pause of substrate rotation during molecular beam epitaxy. The surface morphology and structural characteristics of the quantum dots are scrutinized by atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence spectra. It is found that the quantum dot size and density increase as the InAs deposition amount rises. Quantum dots with a density between 2.5 × 107 cm−2 and 2.2 × 108 cm−2 are 2–5 nm in height and 18–39 nm in diameter. It is believed that as-grown InAs nanodots may be of important value for future single quantum dot research.
Peptide Mimotopes as Prototypic Templates of Broad-Spectrum Surrogates of Carbohydrate Antigens for Cancer Vaccination (2007)

Mechanisms of broad cross-protection, as seen in viral infection and also applied to vaccines, emphasize preexisting antibodies, CD8+ memory T cells, and accelerated B-cell responses reactive with conserved regions in antigens. Another practical application to induce broad-spectrum responses is making use of multispecific antigen recognition by antibodies and T cells. Antibody polyreactivity can be related to the capacity of the antigen-combining site to accommodate a number of different small epitopes or to attain different conformations. A better understanding of the functionality of molecular interactions with graded specificity might help the design of polyreactive immunogens inducing antibody responses to a predefined set of target antigens. We have found this approach useful in targeting tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens in cancer vaccine development. Using combinatorial libraries and pharmacophore design principles, carbohydrate mimetic peptides were created that not only induce antibodies with multiple specificities, but also cellular responses that inhibit tumor growth in vivo.
Towards Automated Performance Bug Identification in Python (2016)

Context: Software performance is a critical non-functional requirement, appearing in many fields such as mission critical applications, financial, and real time systems. In this work we focused on early detection of performance bugs; our software under study was a real time system used in the advertisement/marketing domain. Goal: Find a simple and easy to implement solution, predicting performance bugs. Method: We built several models using four machine learning methods, commonly used for defect prediction: C4.5 Decision Trees, Na\"ıve Bayes, Bayesian Networks, and Logistic Regression. Results: Our empirical results show that a C4.5 model, using lines of code changed, file's age and size as explanatory variables, can be used to predict performance bugs (recall=0.73, accuracy=0.85, and precision=0.96). We show that reducing the number of changes delivered on a commit, can decrease the chance of performance bug injection. Conclusions: We believe that our approach can help practitioners to eliminate performance bugs early in the development cycle. Our results are also of interest to theoreticians, establishing a link between functional bugs and (non-functional) performance bugs, and explicitly showing that attributes used for prediction of functional bugs can be used for prediction of performance bugs.
A built-in supply current test circuit for pin opens in assembled PCBs (2014)

In this paper, a built-in test circuit of electrical tests is proposed to detect pin opens of CMOS ICs. When a circuit is tested by the test method, current is made to flow through a targeted pin. An open defect is detected by means of the difference between the current of a defect-free circuit and the measured one. Feasibility of tests with the built-in supply current test circuit is examined by Spice simulation. It is shown that a pin open in a CMOS IC can be detected with the test circuit at a speed of 1MHz.
PERCEPTS FROM THE VIENNA COCHLEAR PROSTHESISa (1983)

This report includes psychophysical data on some of the 13 patients who have been equipped with intracochlear electrodes and the 6 patients who have received an extracochlear electrode. Thresholds and uncomfortable listening levels versus frequency, amplitude difference limens, and gap detection in noise and frequency difference limens have been determined and represent some essential characteristics of prosthetic hearing.
A mixed frequency-time approach for finding the steady-state solution of clocked analog circuits (2003)

Performing detailed simulation of clocked analog circuits (e.g. switched-capacitor filters and switching power supplies) with circuit simulation programs like SPICE is computationally very expensive. The authors present a more efficient method for computing the detailed steady-state solution of clocked analog circuits. The method exploits the property of such circuits that the waveforms in each clock cycle are similar but not exact duplicates of the proceeding or following cycles. Therefore, by computing accurately a few selected cycles, the entire steady-state solution can be constructed efficiently.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electrochromic Mirrors With Variable Reflectance (1986)

Unstructured electrochromic mirrors with variable reflectance have been developed on the basis of hydrogen tungsten bronzes. The characteristic compounds of these devices are (1) solid ion-conducting layers ("electrolytes") resulting in only few micrometer thick all-solid-state systems, which can be enclosed between the substrate and a second glass plate and are thus protected from the environment, (2) integrated reflecting metal layers, and (3) hydrogen-storing electrochromic layers. Two basically different constructions are feasible. In "diffusion-driven" devices the bronze is formed (decomposed) by the chemical reaction x/2 H2+ W03⇔HxW03, in "field-driven" systems an electrochemical bronze formation (decomposition), x H + W03+ x e HxW03, takes place. The modes of construction are presented and compared, the electrochemistry of the thin layer cells involved is discussed, the prop-erties of devices according to the state of development are reported, and possible applications, e.g. as glare-free, inside and outside, automotive rear view mirrors with adjustable reflectance, are briefly described.
Credit ratings (2008)

This chapter discusses credit ratings. Like credit scores, credit ratings order the credit risk. Ratings represent the risk level into a limited number of categories. The chapter is organized as follows. The relation between rating and scoring systems is discussed in section 3.2. Specific rating terminology is reviewed in section 3.3. A taxonomy of ratings is provided in section 3.4. The rating philosophy can range from through-the-cycle to point-in-time, as explained in section 3.6. An overview of external agencies that provide ratings is available in section 3.7. Internal rating systems in banks are reviewed in section 3.8. The application and use of ratings, but also limitations, are discussed in sections 3.9 and 3.10.
Observations: take home pay (2003)

While employer-assisted housing programs may allow companies to help their own workers with housing issues, it remains to be seen whether the programs can contribute substantially to resolving Boston's affordable housing problem.
Channel assignment for WLAN by considering overlapping channels in SINR interference model (2012)

It has been believed that the simultaneous use of multiple channels in 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) can improve network performance. Many efforts have been done to better exploit multiple non-overlapped channels. However, due to the limited number of orthogonal channels in IEEE 802.11 b/g standards, using only non-overlapping channels cannot completely eliminate the interference. Recent studies indicate that we can improve the full-range channel utilization and the network throughput by properly utilizing the partially overlapping channels. However, there are only limited studies of channel assignment algorithms for partially overlapping channels. In this paper, we investigate the problem of partially overlapping channel assignment to improve the performance of 802.11 wireless networks based on SINR model. Using the SINR model, we deduce a direct relationship between maximizing system throughput and minimizing total interference when partially overlapping channels are employed. After that, we propose a greedy method to minimize the total interference for throughput maximization. We evaluate our algorithm through extensive simulations and compare its performances with those of the state-of-the-art.
Saturated nitrogen heterocycles (1996)

T. Harrison, Contemp. Org. Synth., 1996, 3, 259 DOI: 10.1039/CO9960300259
Small interference RNA targeting heat‐shock protein 27 inhibits the growth of prostatic cell lines and induces apoptosis via caspase‐3 activation <i>in vitro</i> (2006)

These findings illustrate the potential utility of Hsp27-silencing therapy and highlight Hsp27 siRNA strategies as a novel and highly effective tool, with the potential for future targeted therapy in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy in advanced prostate cancer.
Structure Activity Relations of Polyfunctional Diterpenes of the Tigliane Type, VI<sup>1</sup> (1984)

A method for the isolation and preparation of 12-deoxyphorbol ( 1) from Euphorbium resin ( EUPHORBIA RESINIFERA Berg) was established to provide substantial amounts of 1-esters for bioassays. Acylation of 1 yielded 12-deoxyphorbol-13,20-diesters ( 2, esters with acids CH (3)(CH (2)) (n)COOH, n = 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20; and with benzoic, oleic, elaidic and linoleic acid). Upon mild transesterification the 13,20-diesters 2 yielded the 13-monoesters 3. Both ester types were tested for their irritant activities, the 13-monoesters were also assayed for their tumor-promoting activity. A dependance of both of these activities on the chain length of the acyl residues is noticeable. For both probably a broad maximum exists around the tetradecanoate.
Structural and optical properties of cobalt slanted nanopillars conformally coated with few-layer graphene (2015)

Optical characterization of anisotropic multicomponent nanostructures is generally not a trivial task, since the relation between a material's structural properties and its permittivity tensor is nonlinear. In this regard, an array of slanted cobalt nanopillars that are conformally coated with few-layer graphene is a particularly challenging object for optical characterization, as it has a complex anisotropic geometry and comprises several materials with different topologies and filling fractions. Normally, a detailed characterization of such complex nanostructures would require a combination of several microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. In this letter, we demonstrate that the important structural parameters of these graphene-coated sculptured thin films can be determined using a fast and simple generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry test combined with an anisotropic Bruggeman effective medium approximation. The graphene coverage as well as structural parameters of nanostructured thin films agree excellently with electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy observations. The demonstrated optical approach may also be applied to the characterization of other nanostructured materials.
Cancer Diagnosis Using Nanowire Devices (2019)

RNA 2) RNA 3) RNA 4) RNA RNA RNA RNA RNA RNA 20-5000 nm 5)-8)
Dermapunktur - eine neue Methode zur gezielten Schmerzbehandlung (1993)

Dermapuncture is a new mechano-physical method for pain release which opens a drug free self-treatment according to the doctor's direction.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING UO$sub 2$ POWDER (1963)

A method is given for producing UO/sub 2/ powder comprising the steps of precipitating UO/sub 2/ from a solution of uranyl nitrate, with the help of hydrogen peroxide, neutralizing free acid by adding ammonia, and calcinating and reducing the powder. The UO/sub 2/ powder produced by this method is especially suited for the fabrication of fuel elements by hammer-treatment. (Gmelin Institute)
BellSouth telecommunications first step towards personal communications (2002)

BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc. (BST) is deploying services using the advanced intelligent network (AIN) platform, and is carrying out trials on a personal number service in Atlanta, Georgia using the AIN 0.0 protocol. This service is the first in BST to use all the elements of the BST AIN platform, and enables a subscriber to be reached via the use of a single personal number. The subscriber is given several options for call routing to maximize access, as well as a screening feature to provide control over who is calling. The paper describes this AIN service, its architecture and issues associated with developing applications on the AIN platform.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of high-performance cement grout for ground heat exchangers (2011)

Performance of ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) is mainly affected by ground heat exchangers which makes up more than 40% of construction cost. Exact construction and grout as backfill are important, because it is difficult to repair after being installed. As grout materials, bentonite grout material and cement material are used In this paper, thermal conductivity according to mix proportion of cement grout has been experimentally studied. Some variables were set to evaluate thermal conductivities according to change in cement content, unit water ratio, mass per volume of fresh mortar, and aggregate types. From the experimental analysis, high performance cement grout has been proposed.
Manipulation of N,O‐Nucleophilicity: Efficient Formation of 4‐N‐Substituted 2,4‐Dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐3‐ones. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Method for Enhancing the Sensing Distance of a Fingerprint Sensor (2017)

In this paper, we describe a method for improving the quality of fingerprint images at long sensing distances by reducing the fringe capacitance formed between a pixel and surrounding fingerprint patterns. Air-walls were applied to the glass attached to a fingerprint sensor for reducing the edge capacitance. Fingerprints and air-wall structures were modeled using a three-dimensional capacitance analysis tool. A prototype was fabricated by stacking glass layers with air-walls with a depth of 50 μm and a pitch of 50 μm on a silicon-type capacitive sensor. Using the results of simulations and prototype experiments, we confirmed that the proposed air-wall structure achieved high enough resolution to distinguish 2.5-lp/mm fingerprint patterns at a sensing distance of 300 μm or longer, and its contrast improved from 0.59 to 0.98.
Designing the Smart Badge: A Wearable Device for Hospital Workers (2018)

Wearable self-monitoring technologies can help users learn more about themselves. By enabling people to track their habits and visualising them, wearables can support self-awareness and self-care. For example, wearables can help shift workers dealing with unorthodox sleep schedules of shift work thr
Highly compact AC-AC converter achieving a high voltage transfer ratio (2002)

This paper reports a new, highly integrated modular design approach for pulsewidth-modulation AC-AC converters based on a modular phase-bank structure. Novel high-power 3-in-1 integrated bi-directional power modules (IBPM) rated at 1200-V AC and 150 A and the 3-to-1 phase bank circuits have been successfully developed, fabricated and tested. This enables the modularity design of the multiphase converter systems and reduces the critical parasitic inductance. A theoretical analysis of the IBPM's silicon utilization for this new breed of direct power converters has been outlined. A lab prototype at medium power level has been successfully designed, implemented, and tested with good results. A nearly 460-VRMS out voltage at a 1:0.955 voltage transfer ratio, which, perhaps, is the highest performance reported so far in the literature, has been achieved by the novel two-side modulation control system. The converter-fed AC motor system is able to operate over the 0-240 Hz range with inherent regenerative capability and four-quadrant operation. Potential industrial applications are also briefly highlighted in this paper.
Electrostatic electrographic printing (1972)

This paper describes the empirically observed characteristics of electrographic printing in which electrostatic charge patterns are deposited onto a dielectric surface via a contacting electrode and subsequently made visible by toning. The process exhibits a threshold effect that may be used in simplifying the addressing circuitry. An equivalent circuit of the electrode and dielectric coated-paper combination that incorporates the threshold effect is presented. Typical printers using this electrographic process are described, and some requirements of the drive circuitry necessary for such printers are discussed.
Over Coupled Ring Resonator-Based Add/Drop Filters (2014)

The performance of add/drop filters based on over coupled ring resonators is analyzed and simulated. Over coupling improves the performance of the filters by providing a wider bandwidth over which high crosstalk suppression is achieved. Interband and intraband crosstalk associated with wavelength division multiplexing in optical filters are examined as a function of coupling coefficients. The simulation results show that, in over coupled double ring resonators, the crosstalk suppression bandwidth is increased in comparison with that of critically coupled ring resonators. Increased bandwidth will allow such filters to be used for higher data rate signals, and moreover, for different modulation techniques (such as return to zero RZ and nonreturn to zero NRZ).
Modelling of wideband proximity coupled microstrip array elements (1990)

A full wave analysis of infinite arrays of proximity coupled rectangular microstrip antennas is described. The broadband scanning properties of the arrays are numerically analysed in conjunction with experimental measurements to validate the analysis.
Photochemical Isomerization of Me<sub>2</sub>Si-Bridged Zirconocene Complexes. Application to Stereoselective Syntheses of <i>ansa</i>-Zirconocene Binaphtholate Stereoisomers<sup>,</sup><sup>1</sup> (1997)

Upon irradiation in toluene solution, meso-racemate mixtures of Me2Si(2-Me-4-tBu-C5H2)2ZrCl2 or Me2Si(2-Me-4-phenyl-C5H2)2ZrCl2 react with 1 equiv of the dilithium salt of racemic binaphthol quantitatively to the racemic binaphtholate complex. Analogous reactions with 1 equiv of the R(+) enantiomer of dilithium binaphtholate give a near-quantitative yield of the enantiomerically pure ansa-zirconocene binaphtholate complex. The structures of the racemic binaphtholate complex, Me2Si(2-Me-4-tBu-C5H2)2Zr(binaphtholate), and of a monodentate binaphtholate complex with a meso configurated zirconocene moiety, Me2Si(3-tBu-C5H3)2Zr(binaphtholate) chloride, were crystallographically determined.
An improved piezoelectric acoustic emission transducer (1982)

A piezoelectric transducer has been designed and developed that has promise of being a high fidelity acoustic emission (AE) transducer [T. M. Proctor, Jr., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 68, S568 (1980)]. Small transducer contact area, elimination of acoustical interference effects associated with certain geometries, and redistribution of the arrival times of reflected signals originating from various elements of the transducer were the guiding criteria in the design. This transducer consists of a conical active element and an extended backing. The transducer’s performance has been compared to a line capacitance transducer using surface wave signals. These comparisons indicate an amplitude response which is flat within ±3 dB for the frequency range of 50 kHz to 1 MHz. The over-all displacement sensitivity is nominally 2×108 V/m. Factors that influence frequency response such as backing geometry and aperture size have been experimentally investigated and results are reported.
A data coupling paradigm for distributed architectures (2002)

Presents a data coupling mechanism for distributed processing. The system virtual memory (SVM) is a fast-access, read-write, block-oriented memory device, separate from every processing element in the system, responsible exclusively for the retention and retrieval of data. A portion of memory of a specified size can be dynamically allocated and deallocated within the SVM. Once allocated, the memory can be accessed for read or write. Subjects discussed include an overview of the data coupling paradigm using global memory; a description of the operational characteristics of the global memory; and a high-level description of the advantages and drawbacks of the use of the data coupling paradigm in distributed processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Scanning Laser Epitaxy Applied to Nickel-Based Superalloys (2011)

This paper reports on the experimental development and the theoretical analysis of the scanning laser epitaxy (SLE) process that is currently being investigated and developed at the Georgia Institute of Technology. SLE is a laser-based manufacturing process for deposition of equiaxed, directionally solidified and single-crystal nickel superalloys onto superalloy substrates through the selective melting and re-solidification of superalloy powders. The thermal modeling of the system, done in a commercial CFD software package, simulates a heat source moving over a powder bed and considers the approximate change in the property values for consolidating CMSX-4 nickel superalloy powder. The theoretical melt depth is obtained from the melting temperature criteria and the resulting plots are presented alongside matching experimental micrographs obtained through cross-sectional metallography. The influence of the processing parameters on the microstructural evolution, as evidenced through observations made from the micrographs, is discussed.
Chemical Recycling of Consumer-Grade Black Plastic into Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotubes (2019)

The global plastics crisis has recently focused scientists’ attention on finding technical solutions for the ever-increasing oversupply of plastic waste. Black plastic is one of the greatest contributors to landfill waste, because it cannot be sorted using industrial practices based on optical reflection. However, it can be readily upcycled into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a novel liquid injection reactor (LIR) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. In this work, CNTs were formed using black and white polystyrene plastics to demonstrate that off-the-shelf materials can be used as feedstock for growth of CNTs. Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests the CNTs from plastic sources improve diameter distribution homogeneity, with slightly increased diameters compared with control samples. Slight improvements in quality, as determined by Raman spectroscopy of the D and G peaks, suggest that plastics could lead to increased quality of CNTs. A small device was constructed as a demonstrator model to increase impact and public engagement.