gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Series of Organoboranes. V. Some Chemistry of Cyclic Silyl Carboranes (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Series of Organoboranes. V. Some Chemistry of Cyclic Silyl CarboranesStelvio Papetti, B. B. Schaeffer, H. J. Troscianiec, and T. L. HeyingCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 10, 1444–1447Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50020a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50020a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Radiation Effect on the Thermal Cracking of <i>n</i>-Hexadecane. 1. Products from Radiation-Thermal Cracking (1997)

In order to examine the applicability of radiation technology to hydrocarbon processing, radiation-thermal cracking of n-hexadecane was carried out in the liquid and gas phases by introducing cobalt-60 γ-radiation in the temperature range of 300−400 °C. The cracking process was observed to be significantly enhanced in both phases. For example, it was about 100 times faster under a dose rate of around 500 Gy/h at 330 °C in the gas phase. The observed product pattern for radiation-thermal cracking was the same as that for pure thermal cracking, only dependent on the phase. Similar to pure thermal cracking, addition products and larger yields of alkanes were observed in the liquid phase, whereas no addition products but larger yields of alkenes were observed in the gas phase. In addition, a large evolution of H2 due to C−H dissociation by radiation was observed.
Tunable, continuous-wave laser action using (F_2^+)A centers in lithium-doped KCl (1980)

Continuous-wave, broadly tunable laser action is reported for an (F2+)A center in lithium-doped KC1. The laser is continuously tunable from about 2.00 to 2.50 microm, is highly efficient, has a low threshold for absorbed power, and retains its laser capability after several weeks of storage at room temperature.
Light‐Stimulated Synaptic Transistors Fabricated by a Facile Solution Process Based on Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots and Organic Semiconductors (2019)

Implementation of artificial intelligent systems with light-stimulated synaptic emulators may enhance computational speed by providing devices with high bandwidth, low power computation requirements, and low crosstalk. One of the key challenges is to develop light-stimulated devices that can response to light signals in a neuron-/synapse-like fashion. A simple and effective solution process to fabricate light-stimulated synaptic transistors (LSSTs) based on inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (IHP QDs) and organic semiconductors (OSCs) is reported. Blending IHP QDs and OSCs not only improves the charge separation efficiency of the photoexcited charges, but also induces delayed decay of the photocurrent in the IHP QDs/OSCs hybrid film. The enhanced charge separation efficiency results in high photoresponsivity, while the induced delayed decay of the photocurrent is critical to achieving light-stimulating devices with a memory effect, which are important for achieving high synaptic performance. The LSSTs can respond to light signals in a highly neuron-/synapse-like fashion. Both short-term and long-term synaptic behaviors have been realized, which may lay the foundation for the future implementation of artificial intelligent systems that are enabled by light signals. More significantly, LSSTs are fabricated by a facile solution process which can be easily applied to large-scale samples.
Cell-Free Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems With Limited Fronthaul Capacity (2019)

Network densification, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands have recently emerged as some of the physical layer enablers for the future generations of wireless communication networks (5G and beyond). Grounded on prior work on sub-6-GHz cell-free massive MIMO architectures, a novel framework for cell-free mmWave massive MIMO systems is introduced that considers the use of low-complexity hybrid precoders/decoders while factors in the impact of using capacity-constrained fronthaul links. A suboptimal pilot allocation strategy is proposed that is grounded on the idea of clustering by dissimilarity. Furthermore, based on mathematically tractable expressions for the per-user achievable rates and the fronthaul capacity consumption, max-min power allocation and fronthaul quantization optimization algorithms are proposed that, combining the use of block coordinate descent methods with sequential linear optimization programs, ensure a uniformly good quality of service over the whole coverage area of the network. The simulation results show that the proposed pilot allocation strategy eludes the computational burden of the optimal small-scale CSI-based scheme while clearly outperforming the classical random pilot allocation approaches. Moreover, they also reveal the various existing trade-offs among the achievable max-min per-user rate, the fronthaul requirements, and the optimal hardware complexity (i.e., the number of antennas and the number of RF chains).
Mental health administration: reflections from the British experience. (1977)

<p>The mechanism of CO hydrogenation to CH<sub>4</sub> at 260 °C on a cobalt catalyst is investigated using steady-state isotopic transient kinetic analysis (SSITKA) and backward and forward chemical transient kinetic analysis (CTKA). The dependence of CH<sub>x</sub> residence time is determined by <sup>12</sup>CO/H<sub>2</sub> → <sup>13</sup>CO/H<sub>2</sub> SSITKA as a function of the CO and H<sub>2</sub> partial pressure and shows that the CH<sub>4</sub> formation rate is mainly controlled by CH<sub>x</sub> hydrogenation rather than CO dissociation. Backward CO/H<sub>2</sub> → H<sub>2</sub> CTKA emphasizes the importance of H coverage on the slow CH<sub>x</sub> hydrogenation step. The H coverage strongly depends on the CO coverage, which is directly related to CO partial pressure. Combining SSITKA and backward CTKA allows determining that the amount of additional CH<sub>4</sub> obtained during CTKA is nearly equal to the amount of CO adsorbed to the cobalt surface. Thus, under the given conditions overall barrier for CO hydrogenation to CH<sub>4</sub> under methanation condition is lower than the CO adsorption energy. Forward CTKA measurements reveal that O hydrogenation to H<sub>2</sub>O is also a relatively slow step compared to CO dissociation. The combined transient kinetic data are used to fit an explicit microkinetic model for the methanation reaction. The mechanism involving direct CO dissociation represents the data better than a mechanism in which H-assisted CO dissociation is assumed. Microkinetics simulations based on the fitted parameters confirms that under methanation conditions the overall CO consumption rate is mainly controlled by C hydrogenation and to a smaller degree by O hydrogenation and CO dissociation. These simulations are also used to explore the influence of CO and H<sub>2</sub> partial pressure on possible rate-controlling steps.</p>
Techniques to reduce the IEEE 802.11b handoff time (2004)

We analyze the link-layer handoff process in wireless LANs based on the IEEE 802.11b standard and suggests how to reduce its duration. Firstly, we divide the process into three phases: detection, search and execution. Our performance measurements indicate that the detection and search phases are the main contributors to the handoff time. We show that the link-layer detection time can be reduced to three consecutive lost frames. We also show that the search time can be reduced at least by 20% using active scanning with the two timers that control its duration set to 1 ms and 10.24 ms. Several simulations illustrate the achieved reduction in handoff time.
Highly controllable near-surface swimming of magnetic Janus nanorods: application to payload capture and manipulation (2011)

Directed manipulation of nanomaterials has significant implications in the field of nanorobotics, nanobiotechnology, microfluidics and directed assembly. With the goal of highly controllable nanomaterial manipulation in mind, we present a technique for the near-surface manoeuvering of magnetic nanorod swimmers and its application to controlled micromanipulation. We fabricate magnetic Janus nanorods and show that the magnetic rotation of these nanorods near a floor results in predictable translational motion. The nanorod plane of rotation is nearly parallel to the floor, the angle between rod tilt and floor being expressed by θ, where 0° < θ < 20°. Orthogonal magnetic fields control in-plane motion arbitrarily. Our model for translation incorporates symmetry breaking through increased drag at the no-slip surface boundary. Using this method we demonstrate considerable rod steerability. Additionally, we approach, capture, and manipulate a polystyrene microbead as proof of principle. We attach Janus nanorods to the surfaces of cells and utilize these rods to manipulate individual cells, proving the ability to manoeuver payloads with a wide range of sizes.
3760km, 100G SSMF Transmission over Commercial Terrestrial DWDM ROADM Systems using SD-FEC (2012)

We report error-free, 47×80km transmission of a real-time, 120Gbps, coherent PM-QPSK MSA transceiver with soft-decision forward-error-correction. Two cascaded commercial systems included 40G neighbors and ten ROADMs. The transceiver compensated 60,000ps/nm and had 2.5dB remaining margin.
Facilitated Loading of RecA Protein Is Essential to Recombination by RecBCD Enzyme (2000)

Although the RecB(2109)CD enzyme retains most of the biochemical functions associated with the wild-type RecBCD enzyme, it is completely defective for genetic recombination. Here, we demonstrate that the mutant enzyme exhibits an aberrant double-stranded DNA exonuclease activity, intrinsically producing a 3'-terminal single-stranded DNA overhang that is an ideal substrate for RecA protein-promoted strand invasion. Thus, the mutant enzyme constitutively processes double-stranded DNA in the same manner as the chi-modified wild-type RecBCD enzyme. However, we further show that the RecB(2109)CD enzyme is unable to coordinate the loading of RecA protein onto the single-stranded DNA produced, and we conclude that this inability results in the recombination-defective phenotype of the recB2109 allele. Our findings argue that the facilitated loading of RecA protein by the chi-activated RecBCD enzyme is essential for RecBCD-mediated homologous recombination in vivo.
Peptidoglycan-Related Disaccharide-Dipeptides: Differentiation Between Glutaminyl and Isoglutaminyl Residues by NMR Spectroscopy (1992)

Abstract In order to confirm that tert-butyl ester protection at the isoglutaminyl residue prevents the base-catalyzed iso-glutamine = glutamine rearrangement in title compounds, 6-0-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-N-acetylmura-moyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamine (7) was synthesized from α-benzyl glycoside of 6-0-(2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-0-acetyl-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-N-acetylmuramic acid (2) and Z-L-Ala-D-Glu(NH2)OBut via its α-tert-butyl ester 5. 1H and 13C NMR measurements were carried out with regioisomeric [β-GlcNAc-(1-→6)-MurNAc]-L-Ala-D-glutamine and -isoglutamine derivatives; the presented data show differences that enable distinction between the sugar-peptide regioisomers.
[Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia associated phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of bone: report of a case]. (2013)

患者女,50岁.骨痛4年,发现左髂骨肿物1个月余.自2007年7月起无诱因出现双下肢、腰背部疼痛,站立困难,当地医院对症治疗后有所缓解.2010年1月症状再次出现,当地医院检查血磷低,MRI显示双侧股骨头、股骨颈及左髂嵴缺血坏死.2011年8月,北京协和医院内分泌科检查血压、血糖、血脂高,血磷低,奥曲肽显像示右胫骨近端非特异性摄取,考虑低血磷性骨软化症,肿瘤相关可能性大.给予相关药物治疗,针对低血磷予中性磷口服剂,骨痛可缓解.外院PET-CT发现左髂骨溶骨性破坏,放射性异常浓聚,全身多发病理性微骨折,为进一步治疗2012年1月入我院。
Automatic Selective Removal of Embedded Patient Information From Image Content of DICOM Files (2012)

This article presents a computerized scheme that automatically removes patient data from the image content by finding burned-in texts that match information in the DICOM header, thus cleaning the entire DICOM image file while preserving other useful labels.
Isolation of rat pancreatic acini with crude collagenase and permeabilization of these acini with streptolysin O. (1993)

Fluid dynamic investigations of multiphase flow (fluid, air, granules) in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) are presented. SBR can be considered as an attractive technology for cultivation of granular activated sludge (GAS). Granulation is a complicated process and its mechanism is not fully understood yet. Many factors influence the formation and structure of aerobic granular sludge in a bioreactor. Extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and superficial gas velocity (SGV) play a crucial role for granules formation. Additionally, it is supposed that EPS production is stimulated by mechanical forces. It is also assumed that hydrodynamic effects have a major influence on the formation, shape and size of GAS in SBR under aerobic condition. However, the influence of stress on granulation is poorly investigated. Thus, in the present paper, fluid dynamic investigations of multiphase flow in a SBR, particularly effect of normal and shear strain, are reported. In order to analyse multiphase flow in the SBR, optical in-situ techniques with particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) are implemented. Obtained results show a characteristic flow pattern in a SBR. It is pointed out that additional effects like particle-wall collisions, inter particle collisions, erosion can also affect significantly granules formation.
Involvement of Retinoic Acid Receptor-α–Mediated Signaling Pathway in Induction of CD38 Cell-Surface Antigen (1997)

Human leukocyte antigen CD38, a 45-kD single-chain, transmembrane glycoprotein, is a bifunctional ectoenzyme that participates in signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. In this study, we demonstrate the nature of retinoid receptors involved in retinoic acid-induced expression of CD38 protein in the human myeloblastic leukemia cell line HL-60. We used a variant HL-60 cell line, HL-60R, in which retinoid receptor function has been abrogated by a trans-dominant negative mutation. We introduced the normal retinoic acid receptors (RAR)-alpha, -beta, and -gamma or retinoid X receptor (RXR)-alpha into HL-60R cells by retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer. Based on experiments using these cell lines and receptor-specific synthetic retinoids that preferentially bind to one of the RARs or RXRs, we conclude that RAR-alpha is involved in retinoid-induced CD38 expression in HL-60 cells. Further evidence included our demonstration that blocking of RAR-alpha with the antagonist Ro 41-5253 completely suppressed the retinoid-induced expression of CD38 mRNA transcript and the production of CD38 protein in HL-60 cells. Various tissues from transgenic mice that expressed an antisense construct of RAR-alpha lacked or produced very low levels of CD38. As expected, the tissues from transgenic mice contained 50% to 80% reduced levels of RAR-alpha. These results suggest that regulation of CD38 expression, both in vitro and in vivo, is under the direct control of RAR-alpha retinoid receptors.
Exploiting network proximity in peer-to-peer overlay networks (2002)

Generic peer-to-peer (p2p) overlay networks like CAN, Chord, Pastry and Tapestry offer a novel platform for a variety of scalable and decentralized distributed applications. These systems provide efficient and fault-tolerant routing, object location and load balancing within a self-organizing overlay network. One important aspect of these systems is how they exploit network proximity in the underlying Internet. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of the network locality properties of a p2p overlay network. Results obtained via analysis and via simulation of two large-scale topology models indicate that it is possible to efficiently exploit network proximity in self-organizing p2p substrates. A simple heuristic measures a scalar proximity metric among a small number of nodes, incurring only a modest additional overhead for organizing and maintaining the overlay network. The resulting locality properties improve application performance and reduce network usage in the Internet substantially. Finally, we study the impact of proximity-based routing on the load balancing in the p2p overlay.
Study of buried silicon nitride layers synthesized by ion implantation (1980)

The formation of buried layers of silicon nitride by nitrogen-ion implantation in single-crystal silicon is studied. He+ backscattering, x-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and infrared absorption measurements were used for the physico-chemical characterization; sheet resistivity determination, spreading-resistance profile, and current-voltage characteristics for the electrical characterization. It is shown that, for 180-keV nitrogen ions, a fluence about 1018 N/cm2 must be implanted in order to obtain a continuous layer of silicon nitride and that annealing must be performed at 1200 °C to make it homogeneous and electrically insulating. The Si3N4 layer obtained crystallizes in the α phase and presents properties nearly similar to those of deposited layers. It is demonstrated that the conditions of implantation (energy, substrate temperature, beam intensity) play a fundamental role in the structure of the superficial silicon layer: the substrate must not be amorphized up to the surface during the implantation to obtain, after annealing, a monocrystalline surface layer suitable, for instance, for further epitaxy.
Metric: A Multi-Echelon Technique for Recoverable Item Control (1968)

Metric is a mathematical model of a base-depot supply system in which item demand is compound Poisson with a mean value estimated by a Bayesian procedure. When a unit fails at base level there is a probability r that it can be repaired at the base according to an arbitrary probability distribution of repair time, and a probability 1 − r that it must be returned to the depot for repair according to some other arbitrary distribution. In the latter case the base levies a resupply request on depot. No lateral resupply between bases is considered in the model. For high-cost, low-demand items the appropriate policy is (s − 1, s), which means that items are not batched for repair or resupply requests. This problem has a simple analytic solution that is a function of the mean repair times rather than the repair time distributions. A practical and efficient computer program has been designed to show the cost-effectiveness tradeoff for a large group of recoverable items. In addition to minimizing expected backorders for any system investment, the program can evaluate any distribution of stock and it can compute the optimal redistribution of stock. No arbitrary estimates of backorder cost or holding cost are required.
Capturing design dynamics - the CONCORD approach (2002)

'Computer-Supported Cooperative Work' is a young research area considering applications with strong demands on database technology. Design applications need support for cooperation and some means for controlling their inherent dynamics. However, today's CAD systems consisting of a collection of diverse design tools typically do not support these requirements. Therefore, an encompassing processing model is needed that covers the overall design process in general as well as CAD-tool application in particular. The CONCORD model described in the paper, reflects the distinct properties of design process dynamics by distinguishing three levels of abstraction. The highest level supports application-specific cooperation control and design process administration, the second considers goal-oriented tool invocation and work-flow management while the third level provides tool processing of design data. To achieve level-spanning control, the authors rely on transactional facilities provided at the various system layers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Circulating free mitochondrial DNA concentration and its association with erlotinib treatment in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung (2014)

Changes in circulating free DNA concentrations have been correlated with chemotherapeutic effects in solid tumors. The present study was designed to determine and compare the changes in circulating free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) concentrations prior to and following erlotinib treatment, as well as the potential prognostic value of plasma mtDNA. Patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung who were to receive erlotinib treatment were enrolled in the present study once informed consent had been obtained. Patient plasma samples were collected immediately prior to starting erlotinib treatment, on days 15 and 29 following the initiation of erlotinib treatment and also when the patient's disease had progressed. The most common erlotinib treatment response was a partial response (PR), achieved in 26 (49.1%) of the 53 enrolled patients, followed by stable disease (SD) in 13 patients (24.5%) and progressive disease (PD) in 14 patients (26.4%). Plasma mtDNA concentrations were significantly decreased on day 15 compared with day 0 in the patients with PD (P=0.028) or in those patients without a response to erlotinib treatment (SD and PD; P=0.007). Plasma mtDNA concentrations were similar or elevated on day 15 compared with day 0 in the patients with a PR (P=0.808). The concentration of plasma mtDNA did not correlate with progression-free survival (PFS). Tumor epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) mutation status (activating mutations in 16 patients and wild-type in 14 patients) did not correlate with the concentration of plasma mtDNA (P=0.951). Plasma mtDNA levels did not correlate with the PFS of the patients when they received erlotinib treatment. The plasma mtDNA levels were decreased on day 15 in those patients who had disease progression following erlotinib treatment. These results demonstrate that plasma mtDNA is of weak clinical utility as a screening, diagnostic or prognostic tool in lung cancer patients.
ADP-ribosyl cyclases generate two unusual adenine homodinucleotides with cytotoxic activity on mammalian cells (2005)

ADP-ribosyl cyclases are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for synthesis from NAD(+) of the intracellular calcium-releasing signal molecules cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP(+)). Here, we show that cyclases from lower and higher Metazoa also synthesize three adenylic dinucleotides from cADPR and adenine: diadenosine diphosphate and two isomers thereof. These dinucleotides are present and metabolized in mammalian cells and affect intracellular calcium and cell proliferation. The diadenosine diphosphate isomers are naturally occurring nucleotides containing an N-glycosidic bond different from the usual C1'-N9. The identification of these members of the family of NAD(+)-derived, calcium-active nucleotides opens new areas of investigation into their functional cooperation with cADPR and NAADP(+) and into their involvement in the physiology and pathology of calcium-controlled cell functions.