gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Establishment of Enzyme Immunoassay for Measuring Serum Sultopride Levels (2001)

Measurement of serum sultopride levels was performed using an enzyme immunoassay. Little or no cross-reactivity with metabolites of sultopride and other drugs was found. The results of reproducibility, recovery, and dilution testing were all good enough for clinical use. A comparison between the measurement values of this method (y) with that of high-performance liquid chromatography (x) showed high correlation (n = 211, r = 0.991, p < 0.0001, y = 0.99x + 107.5). In a comparison between the sultopride dose and serum levels in 161 patients, interindividual differences were large (19 times for same doses), implying that the serum level cannot be predicted from the dosage. The method was found to be reliable for serum level measurements of sultopride and useful for monitoring compliance and assessing the optimal dose.
Immunoglobulin Synthesis in vitro by Established Human Cell Lines (1966)

Several lines of human lymphoid cells derived from malignant lym phoma produce immunoglobulins in vitro. Immunoglobulins G(I(g)G, (gamma)G) are synthesized in two cell lines and immuno-lobulin M (I(g)M, (gamma)M) in one.
Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis: regulation of shikimate kinase in Escherichia coli K-12 (1979)

Starvation of cells of Escherichia coli K-12 for the aromatic amino acids results in an increased rate of synthesis of shikimate kinase activity. The two controlling amino acids are tyrosine and tryptophan, and starvation for both results in derepression. The product of the regulator gene tyrR also participates in this control, and shikimate kinase synthesis was depressed in tyrR mutants. Chromatography of cell extracts on diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex allowed partial separation of two shikimate kinase enzymes and demonstrated that only one of these subject to specific repression control involving tyrR. By contrast, chromatography of cell extracts with G-75 or G-200 columns revealed a singl-molecular-weight species of shikimate kinase activity with an apparent molecular weight of 20,000. The levels of shikimate kinase in a series of partial diploid strains indicated that aroL, the structural gene for the tyrR-controlled shikimate kinase enzyme, is located on the E. coli chromosome between the structural genes proC and purE. By means of localized mutagenesis, an aroL mutant of E. coli was isolated. The mutant was an aromatic prototroph and, by the criterion of column chromatography, appeared to have only a single functional species of shikimate kinase enzyme.
Testing and remote field update of distributed base stations in a wireless network (2005)

A novel distributed test architecture of transmitting IEEE 1149.1 boundary scan (a.k.a JTAG) test access port (TAP) signals over a serial channel is presented in this paper. It is developed to facilitate the system testing and remote field update of distributed base stations (DBS) in a wireless network. The state-of-the-art DBS does not only improve the overall quality of wireless network services via its ability and ease to provide wider coverage in various environments, but also lowers the installation and operation costs as well as reduces the space requirements. However, the DBS poses great challenges for system testing and field update operation due to its distributed architecture. The proposed distributed test architecture enables the system testing as if the distributed units are on a backplane within the same chassis. In addition, the embedded boundary scan test software, that is running on the microprocessor of the controller board, takes advantage of the proposed distributed test architecture to update the configuration programmable ROMs (PROMs) of the distributed units remotely without on-site visits. A novel slow-fast programming algorithm is also proposed for efficient remote field update in DBS to overcome significant fiber propagation delay. It reduces the time for PROM update from over an hour to less than 19 minutes over a 12 km fiber.
All-Digital GPS Receiver Mechanization (1981)

This paper describes all-digital baseband correlation processing of GPS signals. The features of this highly digital mechanization are its (1) potential for improved anti-jamming (AJ) performance, (2) fast acquisition by a digital matched filter, (3) reduction of adjustment, (4) increased system reliability, and (5) provision of a basis for realization of the high degree of very large-scale integration (VLSI) potential for development of small economical GPS sets. Described are an experimental GPS receiver/digital processing system that has been operating for two years, and an improved engineering development model that is now in test. The basic technical approach consists of a broadband, fix-tuned RF converter followed by a digitizer, digital-matched-filter acquisition section; phase-and delay-lock tracking via baseband digital correlation; software acquisition logic and loop filter implementation; and all-digital implementation of the feedback numerically controlled oscillators (NCOs) and code generator. Baseband in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) tracking is performed by an arctangent angle detector followed by a phase-unwrapping algorithm that eliminates false locks induced by sampling and data bit transitions, and yields a wide pull-in frequency range approaching one-fourth of the loop iteration frequency. Test data from the experimental unit includes basic resolution and computation noise of the digital processing, pseudorange and range-rate errors, and acquisition times for the digital matched filter.
The development of hybrid mobile applications with Apache Cordova (2016)

Native mobile applications are applications developed by using the SDK and programming language specific to the mobile platform. The key limitation of these mobile applications is the inability to transfer applications to another platform, without writing the application from scratch. This situation has led to new requirements, such as tools that enable generation of mobile applications with a single codebase. This paper presents a way of generating such applications using the Apache Cordova. It allows developers to implement applications on multiple platforms, using a single codebase. Applications are executed in a platform-specific native container.
A nitrile oxide based entry to 2,3-dihydropyran-4-ones. Synthesis of a protected version "compactin lactone" in racemic and optically active forms (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA nitrile oxide based entry to 2,3-dihydropyran-4-ones. Synthesis of a protected version "compactin lactone" in racemic and optically active formsAlan P. Kozikowski and Chun Sing LiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 6, 778–785Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00206a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00206a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1196Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RF-Magnetron Sputtered Conductive Perovskite BaPbO<sub>3</sub>Films (2003)

The crystallinity, chemical bonding, and electrical properties of BaPbO3 (BPO) thin films prepared by rf-magnetron sputtering on SiO2/Si substrates were investigated. The working pressure and the Ar/O2 ratio during sputtering are two of the most important factors that influence the characteristics of the prepared BPO films. Both increasing working pressure and increasing Ar/O2 ratio enhanced the crystallization of the perovskite BPO phase and yielded films with low resistivity. Sputtering in an environment with a working pressure of 80 mTorr and Ar/O2 = 90/10 at 350°C gave deposited BPO films with a low resistivity of 0.9 ×10-3 Ωcm, and a high carrier concentration of 8.3 ×1020 electrons/cm3, which values were almost equal to those of the bulk BaPbO3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that Pb4+ ions were formed in the BPO films as the working pressure and the Ar/O2 ratio were increased, enhancing the crystallization of the perovskite BPO phase to yield films of lower resistivity.
Mitotic Phosphorylation of the Oct-1 Homeodomain and Regulation of Oct-1 DNA Binding Activity (1991)

Oct-1 is a transcription factor involved in the cell cycle regulation of histone H2B gene transcription and in the transcription of other cellular housekeeping genes. Oct-1 is hyperphosphorylated as cells enter mitosis, and mitosis-specific phosphorylation is reversed as cells exit mitosis. A mitosis-specific phosphorylation site in the homeodomain of Oct-1 was phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase A. Phosphorylation of this site correlated with inhibition of Oct-1 DNA binding activity in vivo and in vitro. The inhibition of Oct-1 DNA binding during mitosis suggests a mechanism by which the general inhibition of transcription during mitosis might occur.
Hierarchical, concurrent state machines for behavior modeling and scenario control (2002)

This paper presents a framework for behavior modeling and scenario control based on hierarchical, concurrent state machines (HCSM). We present the structure and informal operational semantics of hierarchical, concurrent state machines. We describe the use of HCSM for scenario control in the Iowa Driving Simulator (IDS), a virtual environment for real-time driving simulation. The paper concludes with an outline of a forthcoming HCSM-based scenario authoring system that will permit non-specialists to graphically program behaviors and design experiments for IDS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prolonged Transgene Expression in Rodent Lung Cells (1992)

We tested the efficiency of several different cationic liposome formulations, complexed to one of two different chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter plasmids, in transfecting freshly isolated, highly purified rat lung alveolar type II cells, alveolar macrophages, and three different human lung carcinoma cell lines, as well as NIH 3T3 cells, a rapidly dividing, transformed mouse fibroblast line. Our results demonstrated that several different cationic liposome formulations can mediate high-level CAT gene expression in all the cell types tested. Electron microscopic analysis confirmed that cationic liposome-DNA complexes are avidly bound and internalized by lung cells. The time course of expression of transfected genes in nontransformed cell types with low mitotic indices, such as type II cells, is poorly characterized. NIH 3T3 cells expressed maximal CAT activity by day 4 following transfection, with virtual disappearance of activity by day 11. Conversely, type II cells expressed maximal CAT activity between days 5 and 11, and CAT activity was still clearly present 35 days after transfection. Southern blot analysis of DNA isolated from transfected type II cells revealed that the CAT gene was largely present in an extrachromosomal form, rather than integrated into genomic DNA. These observations indicate that following cationic liposome-mediated transfection, rat alveolar type II cells (the majority of which do not divide in culture) can express transfected genes for prolonged periods, apparently mediated by expression of the transgene in an episomal form.
PORCINE CONTAGIOUS PLEUROPNEUMONIA (1964)

An acute frequently rapidly fatal respiratory illness occurring as an epidemic disease in Argentine swine has been shown to have a bacterium of the genus Hemophilus as its causative agent. This organism, for which the name Hemophilus pleuropneumoniae is suggested, causes a singular, fulminating pleuropneumonia in experimental swine. The very marked effectiveness of H. pleuropneumoniae as a respiratory pathogen contrasts strikingly with the relatively mild pathogenicity of the well known swine Hemophilus, H. influenzae suis, which, in concert with a virus, causes a less highly fatal respiratory ailment, swine influenza. Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP) is contagious under experimental conditions. In the pathogenesis of the disease, histopathological studies of early cases suggest that the lymphatics of the lung and pleura may be primarily involved and that the pneumonia and pleuritis then proceed from these initial sites of reaction.
HERÓIS DA FÉ: o direito à vida, à dignidade e à crença personificadas na imagem dos cristãos perseguidos (2016)

A pesquisa realizada busca demonstrar a situacao juridico-social dos cristaos perseguidos que se constituem nas pessoas que sofrem pressoes, penas e castigos legais e sociais, sao perseguidas, presas injustamente, mortas, torturadas e veem suas casas e familias serem destruidas, pelo fato de seguirem crenca e religiao, geralmente contraria a propria religiao do Estado ou as diretrizes por ele imposta a toda populacao nacional. Almeja estabelecer a situacao dentro do rol dos direitos, valores e principios tutelados pelos direitos humanos. Quer tornar efetivo o reconhecimento dessas pessoas que sofrem por causa de sua fe perante os orgaos internacionais responsaveis pela defesa dos grupos e fluxos vulneraveis. Fazer prevalecer seus direitos, principios, culturas e bem juridicos, sendo a liberdade religiosa o maior. Demonstrar a protecao feita por organismos como a Missao Portas Abertas. Definir o limite de atuacao da soberania do Estado frente a propria pessoa humana e seus direitos inerentes.
VLE and VLLE Measurements of Dimethyl Ether Containing Systems (2002)

The present work describes a method that allows rapid measurement of both VLE and VLLE isotherms. Samples of the various phases are taken from a high-pressure autoclave equipped with windows using a movable needle. The samples are sent directly into a GC that is calibrated using pure compounds. The procedure allows for the measurement of a full isotherm with 5 to 10 data points for all phases during one working week. The method has been validated by measuring the systems CO2 + CH3OH and CO2 + (CH3)2O and comparing with literature data. Thereafter, a range of systems composed of the five components N2, CO2, (CH3)2O, H2O, and CH3OH has been measured. This work contains new experimental data for the systems CO2 + CH3OH, N2 + (CH3)2O, CO2 + (CH3)2O, N2 + (CH3)2O + H2O, CO2 + (CH3)2O + H2O, CO2 + (CH3)2O + H2O + CH3OH, N2 + (CH3)2O + H2O + CH3OH, and N2 + CO2 + (CH3)2O + H2O + CH3OH, in the temperature range 25 to 45 °C and the pressure range 3 to 105 bar.
Norbin Is an Endogenous Regulator of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Signaling (2009)

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is highly expressed in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). It is involved in multiple physiological functions and is a target for treatment of various CNS disorders, including schizophrenia. We report that Norbin, a neuron-specific protein, physically interacts with mGluR5 in vivo, increases the cell surface localization of the receptor, and positively regulates mGluR5 signaling. Genetic deletion of Norbin attenuates mGluR5-dependent stable changes in synaptic function measured as long-term depression or long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. As with mGluR5 knockout mice or mice treated with mGluR5-selective antagonists, Norbin knockout mice showed a behavioral phenotype associated with a rodent model of schizophrenia, as indexed by alterations both in sensorimotor gating and psychotomimetic-induced locomotor activity.
Use of low‐dose topiramate in substance use disorder and bodyweight control (2007)

In recent years topiramate has been used for psychiatric patients, mainly for controlling substance use and food intake. A total of 46 patients who received topiramate treatment during the study period were identified from a computer database. Nineteen had received topiramate for at least 1 month. Twelve patients received topiramate for anticraving effects (alcohol, n = 9; heroin/amphetamine, n = 1; meperidine, n = 1; and nicotine, n = 1). On an average dosage of 112.5 mg/day, nine of the 12 patients (excluding three alcoholic patients) achieved complete or partial remission from the substance use disorders. The present results show that six of the nine patients achieved full or partial remission from alcohol use disorder on a dosage of 100 mg/day. Topiramate was also used to control seven patients' bodyweight (mean bodyweight change, 1.53 kg). Four of them achieved bodyweight loss in the 1-month follow up, with an average change of 2.65 kg. Based on the present findings topiramate <100 mg/day may be effective in treating patient with alcohol use disorder, and that topiramate has not shown remarkable benefit of bodyweight loss.
Synthesis of 3D asynchronous state machines (2003)

A synthesis procedure for designing asynchronous controllers from burst-mode specifications, a class of specifications allowing multiple-input-change fundamental mode operation, is described. This implementation of burst-mode state machines uses standard combinational logic, generates low-latency outputs and guarantees freedom from hazards at the gate level. It requires no locally synthesized clock and no storage elements. In addition, primary outputs as well as additional state variables are used as feedback variables. The state assignment technique is based on the construction of a three-dimensional next-state table.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
How Strong Is the Hydrogen Bond in Hybrid Perovskites? (2017)

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites represent a special class of metal-organic framework where a molecular cation is encased in an anionic cage. The molecule-cage interaction influences phase stability, phase transformations, and the molecular dynamics. We examine the hydrogen bonding in four AmBX<sub>3</sub> formate perovskites: [Am]Zn(HCOO)<sub>3</sub>, with Am<sup>+</sup> = hydrazinium (NH<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), guanidinium (C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), dimethylammonium (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, and azetidinium (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>. We develop a scheme to quantify the strength of hydrogen bonding in these systems from first-principles, which separates the electrostatic interactions between the amine (Am<sup>+</sup>) and the BX<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> cage. The hydrogen-bonding strengths of formate perovskites range from 0.36 to 1.40 eV/cation (8-32 kcalmol<sup>-1</sup>). Complementary solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirms that strong hydrogen bonding hinders cation mobility. Application of the procedure to hybrid lead halide perovskites (X = Cl, Br, I, Am<sup>+</sup> = CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>, CH(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>) shows that these compounds have significantly weaker hydrogen-bonding energies of 0.09 to 0.27 eV/cation (2-6 kcalmol<sup>-1</sup>), correlating with lower order-disorder transition temperatures.
Demethylation of <i>ITGAL</i> (CD11a) regulatory sequences in systemic lupus erythematosus (2002)

DNA methylation changes occur in specific sequences that regulate LFA-1 expression in lupus T cells and in the hypomethylation model, indicating that altered methylation of specific genes may play a role in the pathogenesis of lupus.
Biodegradable ‘intelligent’ materials in response to chemical stimuli for biomedical applications (2009)

Most of biodegradable stimuli-responsive materials are currently still at a developmental research stage. Further work is required to improve the responsive properties between the materials and the biological environments, so that the clinical applicability of such devices could be successful. We hope that our review will be helpful in the future development of new stimuli-responsive biodegradable polymers or polymeric systems that can be used reliably in real-life applications.
Identification of Pharmaceutical Impurities (2007)

Abstract Identification of pharmaceutical impurities is a critical analytical activity in the drug development process whose goal is to fully elucidate the chemical structures of unknown pharmaceutical impurities present in either drug substances or drug products above a particular threshold. Knowledge of the chemical structure of an impurity is essential to assess its toxicological implications and to gain an understanding of its formation mechanism. Knowledge of the formation mechanism is critical for improving the synthetic chemical processes and optimizing the drug formulation to reduce or eliminate the impurity. This article reviews the current regulatory requirements for impurity identification and the chemical origins of various impurities, particularly those derived from degradation of drugs. Strategies for identification of pharmaceutical impurities are discussed followed by an overview of the critical steps and the roles of various analytical techniques, such as HPLC‐DAD, LC‐MS, LC‐NMR, GC‐MS, and NMR, in pharmaceutical impurity identification, with an emphasis on applications of mass spectrometry based hyphenated techniques. Carefully selected examples are included to demonstrate key points in impurity formation and the appropriate application of various analytical techniques.
Growth of carbon nanowalls at atmospheric pressure for one-step gas sensor fabrication (2011)

Carbon nanowalls (CNWs), two-dimensional "graphitic" platelets that are typically oriented vertically on a substrate, can exhibit similar properties as graphene. Growth of CNWs reported to date was exclusively carried out at a low pressure. Here, we report on the synthesis of CNWs at atmosphere pressure using "direct current plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition" by taking advantage of the high electric field generated in a pin-plate dc glow discharge. CNWs were grown on silicon, stainless steel, and copper substrates without deliberate introduction of catalysts. The as-grown CNW material was mainly mono- and few-layer graphene having patches of O-containing functional groups. However, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies confirmed that most of the oxygen groups could be removed by thermal annealing. A gas-sensing device based on such CNWs was fabricated on metal electrodes through direct growth. The sensor responded to relatively low concentrations of NO2 (g) and NH3 (g), thus suggesting high-quality CNWs that are useful for room temperature gas sensors.PACS: Graphene (81.05.ue), Chemical vapor deposition (81.15.Gh), Gas sensors (07.07.Df), Atmospheric pressure (92.60.hv).
Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Levels in Neurodegenerative Diseases with Distinct Tau-Related Pathology (1997)

Cerebrospinal fluid tau (CSF-tau) levels were quantified in 8 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 6 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 3 patients with corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and 6 patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The CSF-tau levels were significantly increased in FTD and DLB, but not in PSP and CBD, compared to that previously reported in normal controls. Notably, the CSF-tau level in DLB was as high as that in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study suggests that tau may accumulate in the CSF of patients with certain neurodegenerative diseases other than AD and that measurement of CSF-tau may not distinguish AD from DLB.