gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sulforaphane Potentiates the Efficacy of 17-Allylamino 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin Against Pancreatic Cancer Through Enhanced Abrogation of Hsp90 Chaperone Function (2011)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), an essential molecular chaperone that regulates the stability of a wide range of oncogenic proteins, is a promising target for cancer therapeutics. We investigated the combination efficacy and potential mechanisms of sulforaphane, a dietary component from broccoli and broccoli sprouts, and 17-allylamino 17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), an Hsp90 inhibitor, in pancreatic cancer. MTS assay demonstrated that sulforaphane sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to 17-AAG in vitro. Caspase-3 was activated to 6.4-fold in response to simultaneous treatment with sulforaphane and 17-AAG, whereas 17-AAG alone induced caspase-3 activity to 2-fold compared to control. ATP binding assay and coimmunoprecipitation revealed that sulforaphane disrupted Hsp90-p50(Cdc37) interaction, whereas 17-AAG inhibited ATP binding to Hsp90. Concomitant use of sulforaphane and 17-AAG synergistically downregulated Hsp90 client proteins in Mia Paca-2 cells. Co-administration of sulforaphane and 17-AAG in pancreatic cancer xenograft model led to more than 70% inhibition of the tumor growth, whereas 17-AAG alone only suppressed the tumor growth by 50%. Our data suggest that sulforaphane potentiates the efficacy of 17-AAG against pancreatic cancer through enhanced abrogation of Hsp90 function. These findings provide a rationale for further evaluation of broccoli/broccoli sprout preparations combined with 17-AAG for better efficacy and lower dose-limiting toxicity in pancreatic cancer.
Ion Transport by Nanochannels in Ion-Containing Aromatic Copolymers (2014)

The search for the next generation of highly ion-conducting polymer electrolyte membranes has been a subject of intense research because of their potential applications in energy storage and transformation devices, such as fuel cells, vanadium flow batteries, membrane-based artificial photosynthesis, water electrolysis, or water treatment processes such as electrodialysis desalination. Nanochannels that contain ionic groups, through which “hydrated” ions can pass, are believed to be of key importance for efficient ion transport in polymer electrolytes membranes. In this Perspective, we present an overview of the approaches to induce ion-conducting nanochannel formation by self-assembly, using polymer architecture such as block or comb-shaped copolymers. The transport properties of ion-containing aromatic copolymers are examined to obtain an insight into the fundamental behavior of these materials, which are targeted toward applications in fuel cells and other electrochemical devices. Challenges in obtaining well-defined nanochannel morphologies, and possible strategies to improve transport properties in aromatic copolymers having structures with the potential to withstand operation in electrochemical/chemical devices, are discussed. Opportunities for the application of ion-containing aromatic copolymer membranes in fuel cells, vanadium flow batteries, membrane-based artificial photosynthesis, electrolysis, and electrodialysis are also reviewed. Research needs for further improvements in ionic conductivity and durability, and their applications are identified.
Multi-electrode counting tubes (1955)

The paper considers possible uses of hot and cold cathode decimal counters in systems other than straightforward counting. It deals with their uses for adding and subtracting, for counting a predetermined number, and for dividing by numbers less than ten. The principles of a pulse-amplitude analyser using trochotrons and dekatrons in a matrix system are outlined. References are also made to other possible uses where they are expected to be more reliable than more conventional methods.
Kinetic redundancy in dye-sensitized solar cells: the use of high-bandgap metal oxide barrier layers (2004)

Control of charge interfacial charge transfer is central to the design of photovoltaic devices. A an elegant approach to control those dynamics, is the use of an insulating metal oxide blocking layer at a nanocrystalline inorganic / organic semiconductor interface. We show that the conformal growth of a ~1 nm thick overlayer of MgO on a preformed nanocrystalline SnO<sub>2</sub> film results in a ~4-fold retardation in the rate of charge recombination at such an interface This observation shows a good correlation with the current/voltage characteristics of dye sensitised nanocrystalline solar cells fabricated from such films, with the MgO coating resulting in ~ 50% improvement in overall device efficiency.
Multiscale ultrawide foveated video extrapolation (2011)

Video extrapolation is the task of extending a video beyond its original field of view. Extrapolating video in a manner that is consistent with the original video and visually pleasing is difficult. In this work we aim at very wide video extrapolation which increases the complexity of the task. Some video extrapolation methods simplify the task by using a rough color extrapolation. A recent approach focuses on artifact avoidance and run time reduction using foveated video extrapolation, but fails to preserve the structure of the scene. This paper introduces a multi-scale method which combines a coarse to fine approach with foveated video extrapolation. Foveated video extrapolation reduces the effective number of pixels that need to be extrapolated, making the extrapolation less time consuming and less prone to artifacts. The coarse to fine approach better preserves the structure of the scene while preserving finer details near the domain of the input video. The combined method gains improvement both visually and in processing time.
Chemie in Interphasen – ein neuer Weg für die metallorganische Synthese und Katalyse (1999)

Wie lassen sich die Vorteile homogener und heterogener Katalyse vereinen? Darauf gibt es noch keine zufriedenstellende Antwort. Ein erfolgversprechender neuer Ansatz wird hier vorgestellt: die Chemie in Interphasen. Die quellbare oder poröse Matrix als stationäre Phase macht die Interphase zu einem Zustand, der im günstigsten Fall dem in Lösung ähnlich ist. Darüber hinaus läßt sich über ein mobiles Hybridcopolymer die Dichte und die Zugänglichkeit der reaktiven Zentren einstellen, was eine gezielte Beeinflussung der Katalysatoraktivität ermöglicht. Zwei Komplexe, die erfolgreich als Hybridkatalysatoren eingesetzt werden konnten, sind gezeigt.
Electric field standing wave artefacts in FTIR micro-spectroscopy of biological materials (2012)

FTIR absorption micro-spectroscopy is a widely used, powerful technique for analysing biological materials. In principle it is a straightforward linear absorption spectroscopy, but it can be affected by artefacts that complicate the interpretation of the data. In this article, artefacts produced by the electric-field standing-wave (EFSW) in micro-reflection-absorption (transflection) spectroscopy are investigated. An EFSW is present at reflective metallic surfaces due to the interference of incident and reflected light. The period of this standing wave is dependent on the wavelength of the radiation and can produce non-linear changes in absorbance with increasing sample thickness (non-Beer-Lambert like behaviour). A protein micro-structure was produced as a simple experimental model for a biological cell and used to evaluate the differences between FTIR spectra collected in transmission and transflection. By varying the thickness of the protein samples, the relationship between the absorbance and sample thickness in transflection was determined, and shown to be consistent with optical interference due to the EFSW coupled with internal reflection from the sample top surface. FTIR spectral image data from MCF 7 breast adenocarcinoma cells was then analysed to determine the severity of the EFSW artefact in data from a real sample. The results from these measurements confirmed that the EFSW artefact has a profound effect on transflection spectra, and in this case the main spectral variations were related to the sample thickness rather than any biochemical differences.
Ethyl gallate, a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide that inhibits lysozyme-induced hydrogen peroxide signaling in vitro, reverses hypotension in canine septic shock (2010)

Although hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-described reactive oxygen species that is known for its cytotoxic effects and associated tissue injury, H2O2 has recently been established as an important signaling molecule. We previously demonstrated that lysozyme (Lzm-S), a mediator of sepsis that is released from leukocytes, could produce vasodilation in a phenylephrine-constricted carotid artery preparation by H2O2 signaling. We found that Lzm-S could intrinsically generate H2O2 and that this generation activated H2O2-dependent pathways. In the present study, we used this carotid artery preparation as a bioassay to define those antioxidants that could inhibit Lzm-S's vasodilatory effect. We then determined whether this antioxidant could reverse the hypotension that developed in an Escherichia coli bacteremic model. Of the many antioxidants tested, we found that ethyl gallate (EG), a nonflavonoid phenolic compound, was favorable in inhibiting Lzm-S-induced vasodilation. In our E. coli model, we found that EG reversed the hypotension that developed in this model and attenuated end-organ dysfunction. By fluorometric H2O2 assay and electrochemical probe techniques, we showed that EG could scavenge H2O2 and that it could reduce H2O2 production in model systems. These results show that EG, an antioxidant that was found to scavenge H2O2 in vitro, was able to attenuate cardiovascular dysfunction in a canine in vivo preparation. Antioxidants such as EG may be useful in the treatment of hemodynamic deterioration in septic shock.
Aging Degradation and Countermeasures: in Deep-submicrometer Analog and Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits (2012)

This thesis presents the outcome of investigations on the effects of aging induced parameter shifts and performance degradation in analog and mixed signal circuits fabricated in deep-submicrometer CMOS technologies. The combined effect of several mechanisms like bias temperature instability, conducting and non-conducting hot carrier injection on the circuit performance is evaluated. These degradation mechanisms induce threshold voltage and drain current shifts that can result into mismatch in matched transistor pairs which is especially important for accuracy of analog and mixed signal circuits. The investigations are done based on analytical evaluation, aging simulation and measurements using sample circuits implemented in state-of-the-art 32nm high-k metal gate CMOS technology. Calibration and correction techniques suitable for overcoming time varying aging induced circuit performance degradation are proposed and investigated.
Risk Adjustment Using Automated Ambulatory Pharmacy Data (2003)

HCCs produce more accurate forecasts of total cost, but the pharmacy-based RxRisk is an alternative risk assessment instrument to several diagnostic based models and depending on the nature of the application may be a more appropriate option for medical risk analysis.
A Powerful Chiral Counterion Strategy for Asymmetric Transition Metal Catalysis (2007)

Traditionally, transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective transformations rely on chiral ligands tightly bound to the metal to induce asymmetric product distributions. Here we report high enantioselectivities conferred by a chiral counterion in a metal-catalyzed reaction. Two different transformations catalyzed by cationic gold(I) complexes generated products in 90 to 99% enantiomeric excess with the use of chiral binaphthol-derived phosphate anions. Furthermore, we show that the chiral counterion can be combined additively with chiral ligands to enable an asymmetric transformation that cannot be achieved by either method alone. This concept of relaying chiral information via an ion pair should be applicable to a vast number of metal-mediated processes.
High resolution two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of basic myeloid polypeptides: Use of immobilized pH gradients in the first dimension (1987)

Abstract A two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis approach for the separation of urea/detergent solubilized basic proteins is presented. An immobilized pH gradient (IPG) gel, pH range 7–10, containing 8 M urea, 2% Nonidet P‐40 and 10 mM dithioerythritol was used for the first‐dimensional isoelectric focusing separation. Approximately 400 to 500 basic polypeptides from myeloblasts or neutrophils were visualized with silver staining. The IPG gel in some cases included carrier ampholytes in the same pH range. The carrier ampholyte‐modified (“hybrid”) IPG gel exhibited improved resolution of some polypeptides, but at the expense of reproducibility in the focusing of other polypeptides. Transfer of sample into the IPG gel was facilitated by a combination of low initial voltage, presence of carrier ampholytes in the sample and application of the sample to the surface of the gel within a containment collar. 6 M urea was required in the SDS equilibration solution for the efficient transfer and high resolution separation of polypeptides in the second‐dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate‐gel. Absolute spot position was highly reproducible among gels prepared simultaneously. Standard deviations of ± 0.84 mm for the focusing and ± 1.25 mm for the molecular weight dimensions of 70 randomly selected spots were obtained. Integrated spot intensities ranged from 0.17 to 80 O.D. × mm 2 with a median of 1.5 O.D. × mm 2 .
A Comparative Study of Training Algorithms for Supervised Machine Learning (2012)

Abstract – Classification in data mining has gained a lot of importance in literature and it has a great deal of application areas from medicine to astronomy, from banking to text classification.. It can be described as supervised learning algorithm as it assigns class labels to data objects based on the relationship between the data items with a pre-defined class label. The classification techniques are help to learn a model from a set of training data and to classify a test data well into one of the classes. This research is related to the study of the existing classification algorithm and their comparative in terms of speed, accuracy, scalability and other issues which in turn would help other researchers in studying the existing algorithms as well as developing innovative algorithms for applications or requirements which are not available.
What Matt er for Child Development (2006)

This paper estimates production functions of child cognitive and social development using a panel data of nine-year old children each with over two hundred home and school inputs as well as family background variables. A tree regression method is used to conduct estimation under various speci.cations. A small subset of inputs is found consistently important in explaining variances of child development results, including the number of books a child has at various ages and how often a mother reads to child by age .ve, while the eects of race and maternal employment are negligible when detailed inputs are controlled.
Rapid determination of toxic cyanide concentrations in blood. (1989)

This method for the rapid colorimetry of cyanide in blood, applicable to patients exposed to toxic levels of cyanide, is based on the König reaction, which produces a chromophore from cyanide as well as thiocyanate. The latter compound, normally present in blood, is confined to plasma. Thus, its interference with determination of cyanide was eliminated by performing the assay on the erythrocytes, which contain most of the blood cyanide. Furthermore, cyanide was trapped in the erythrocytes and stabilized during the initial washing steps by conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin with inorganic nitrite.
Simulation and modeling of nonlinear magnetics (2002)

A procedure for modeling and simulation of arbitrary nonlinear magnetics devices is presented. A set of electromagnetic primitives is described as implemented in SpectreHDL. The primitives include cores, gaps, and windings that are combined to model ferromagnetic inductors and transformers. A ferromagnetic core model based on the Jiles/Atherton algorithm [1986] is described. The model is used to illustrate how to overcome some difficult modelling issues such as hysteresis, implicit equations, and multi-disciplinary models.
A rapid and efficient method for the fluoroalkylation of amines and amides. Development of a method suitable for incorporation of the short-lived positron emitting radionuclide fluorine-18 (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA rapid and efficient method for the fluoroalkylation of amines and amides. Development of a method suitable for incorporation of the short-lived positron emitting radionuclide fluorine-18Dae Yoon Chi, Michael R. Kilbourn, John A. Katzenellenbogen, and Michael J. WelchCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 4, 658–664Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00380a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00380a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1487Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> Protease Inhibits the Effects of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Toxins A and B in Human Colonic Mucosa (1999)

Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogenic yeast used in the treatment of Clostridium difficile diarrhea and colitis. We have reported that S. boulardii inhibits C. difficile toxin A enteritis in rats by releasing a 54-kDa protease which digests the toxin A molecule and its brush border membrane (BBM) receptor (I. Castagliuolo, J. T. LaMont, S. T. Nikulasson, and C. Pothoulakis, Infect. Immun. 64:5225-5232, 1996). The aim of this study was to further evaluate the role of S. boulardii protease in preventing C. difficile toxin A enteritis in rat ileum and determine whether it protects human colonic mucosa from C. difficile toxins. A polyclonal rabbit antiserum raised against purified S. boulardii serine protease inhibited by 73% the proteolytic activity present in S. boulardii conditioned medium in vitro. The anti-protease immunoglobulin G (IgG) prevented the action of S. boulardii on toxin A-induced intestinal secretion and mucosal permeability to [3H]mannitol in rat ileal loops, while control rabbit IgG had no effect. The anti-protease IgG also prevented the effects of S. boulardii protease on digestion of toxins A and B and on binding of [3H]toxin A and [3H]toxin B to purified human colonic BBM. Purified S. boulardii protease reversed toxin A- and toxin B-induced inhibition of protein synthesis in human colonic (HT-29) cells. Furthermore, toxin A- and B-induced drops in transepithelial resistance in human colonic mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers were reversed by 60 and 68%, respectively, by preexposing the toxins to S. boulardii protease. We conclude that the protective effects of S. boulardii on C. difficile-induced inflammatory diarrhea in humans are due, at least in part, to proteolytic digestion of toxin A and B molecules by a secreted protease.
THE MEANING OF “FAITH CURES” AND OTHER EXTRA-PROFESSIONAL “CURES” IN THE SEARCH FOR MENTAL HEALTH (1914)

THE MEANING OF “FAITH CURES” AND OTHER EXTRA-PROFESSIONAL “CURES” IN THE SEARCH FOR MENTAL HEALTH Affiliation William A. White, SuperintendentM. D. CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.4.3.208 Published Online: August 30, 2011
Giant magnetoresistive biosensors for molecular diagnosis: surface chemistry and assay development (2008)

Giant magnetoresistive (GMR) biochips using magnetic nanoparticle as labels were developed for molecular diagnosis. The sensor arrays consist of GMR sensing strips of 1.5 μm or 0.75 μm in width. GMR sensors are exquisitely sensitive yet very delicate, requiring ultrathin corrosion-resistive passivation and efficient surface chemistry for oligonucleotide probe immobilization. A mild and stable surface chemistry was first developed that is especially suitable for modifying delicate electronic device surfaces, and a practical application of our GMR biosensors was then demonstrated for detecting four most common human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes in plasmids. We also showed that the DNA hybridization time could potentially be reduced from overnight to about ten minutes using microfluidics.
Prokayrotic Ubiquitin-Like Protein (Pup) Proteome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2010)

Prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein (Pup) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the first known post-translational small protein modifier in prokaryotes, and targets several proteins for degradation by a bacterial proteasome in a manner akin to ubiquitin (Ub) mediated proteolysis in eukaryotes. To determine the extent of pupylation in Mtb, we used tandem affinity purification to identify its "pupylome". Mass spectrometry identified 55 out of 604 purified proteins with confirmed pupylation sites. Forty-four proteins, including those with and without identified pupylation sites, were tested as substrates of proteolysis in Mtb. Under steady state conditions, the majority of the test proteins did not accumulate in degradation mutants, suggesting not all targets of pupylation are necessarily substrates of the proteasome under steady state conditions. Four proteins implicated in Mtb pathogenesis, Icl (isocitrate lyase), Ino1 (inositol-1-phosphate synthase), MtrA (Mtbresponse regulator A) and PhoP (phosphate response regulator P), showed altered levels in degradation defective Mtb. Icl, Ino1 and MtrA accumulated in Mtb degradation mutants, suggesting these proteins are targeted to the proteasome. Unexpectedly, PhoP was present in wild type Mtb but undetectable in the degradation mutants. Taken together, these data demonstrate that pupylation regulates numerous proteins in Mtb and may not always lead to degradation.
Edge-effects and defect sizing by transient thermography (1994)

Thermal edge-effects for crack-like defects have been calculated using the Wiener-Hopf technique.
Queueing theory study of round robin versus priority dynamic quantum time round robin scheduling algorithms (2015)

The queue size distribution and average waiting time for a time-shared system using round-robin (RR) scheduling, with and without overhead, are determined. In this study, the incoming processes are prioritized, and dynamic quantum times are assigned depending on the level of priority. With these parameters, RR versus priority dynamic quantum time round robin scheduling algorithm is analyzed to explore the effect of changing the quantum time of processes and determine the optimum context switches, turnaround time, and waiting time.