gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two‐Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Using the O'Farrell System (1992)

Abstract Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis is the combination of two high‐resolution electrophoretic procedures (isoelectric focusing and SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) to provide much greater resolution than either procedure alone. In the first‐dimension gel, solubilized proteins are separated according to their isoelectric point (pI) by isoelectric focusing. This gel is then applied to the top of an SDS‐slab gel and electrophoresed. The proteins in the first‐dimension gel migrate into the second‐dimension gel where they are separated on the basis of their molecular weight. The basic protocols in this unit are based on the type of equipment originally described by O'Farrell in . For very basic or very acidic proteins, two alternate protocols are provided. A third alternate protocol describes how two‐dimensional electrophoresis can be performed using a minigel system. Protein sample preparation is presented in the support protocol.
Effect of Glucose Exposure on the Development of the Mouse Preimplantation Embryo In Vitro (1995)

본 연구는 1-세포기배의 glucose에 대한 노출이 상실배기 이후의 배발생에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 실시되었다. hCG 주사 후 24~25시간 째에, F1hybrid(C57BL/6, ♀ $\times$ CBA/N, ♂) 계통 생쥐를 도살하여 1-세포기배를 회수한 후 0.1% hyaluronidase로 처리하여 난구세포를 제거하였다. 1-세포기배는 hCG 주사 후 72시간째 다양한 농도의 glucose(5.5, 16.5, 27.5 및 38.5mM)에 1분 노출 후 glucose가 첨가되어 있거나 혹은 첨가되지 않은 CR1aa배양액에서 계속 배양함으로써 배발생을 유도하였다. 이 실험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. M2 배양액에서 회수한 후 3mg/ml의 Fatty-acid free BSA가 첨가된 배양액에서 배양한 경우 27.5%의 확장배반포까지의 배발생율과 16.6%의 탈출 배반포까지의 배발생율을 나타낸 반면, TL HEPES 배양액에서 회수한 경우는 전혀 상실배기 이후의 배발생이 나타나지 않았다. 2. hCG 주사 후 72시간째에 단 1분간의 27.5mM glucose에 대한 노출만으로도 68.8% (CR1aa＋BSA)와 77.1%(CR1aa＋FBS)의 확장배반포까지의 발생을 유도할 수 있었다. 그러나 1분 노출과 이후 계속되는 노출간에는 배발생에 있어서 유의차는 인정되지 않았다. 3. hCG 주사 후 72시간째에 5.5, 16.5, 27.5 및 38.5mM의 glucose 첨가에 따른 확장 배반포까지의 배발생율은 45.7~61.5%로 각 처리군의 유의차는 없었으며, 따라서 고농도의 glucose 첨가에 따른 저해효과는 확인할 수 없었다. 【This study was carried out to investigate the effects according to the time course of glucose exposure on the development of one-cell embryos beyond morula in CR $_laa$ medium. One-cell zygotes from B6CBA F $_1$ mice were recovered at 24 ~ 25h after hCG and cumulus cells were removed with 0.1% hyaluronidase. The embryos were pooled and subsequently divided into each groups and cultured in CR $_laa$ at 37 $^{\circ}C$ in 5% CO $_2$ in aIr. The embryos were either, placed in CR $_laa$ containing various concentration (5.5, 16.5, 27.5 and 38.5 mM) of glucose for 1 min. and subsequently returned to the fresh culture medium (without glucose), or were transferred to the same media containing glucose at 72 h post hCG. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows: 1. The development rates of zygotes, recovered from the oviducts in M2 and cultured in CR $_laa$ with 3mg/Im FAF-BSA, to expanded blastocysts (25.7%) and hatching bIastocysts (17.6%) were significantly higher than those of zygotes recovered in TL Hepes (0% and 0%, respectively). 2. The development rates of one-cell embryos exposed to 27.5 mM glucose at 72 h post hCG for 1 min, were 68.8% (CR $_1$ +BSA) a and 77.1% (CR $_1$ +FBS) of expanded blastocyst stage, but there were no significant differences between the embryos exposed for 1 min. or transferred at 72 h. 3. Regardless of glucose concentration (5.5, 16.5, 27.5 & 38.5mM), 45.7~61.5% of embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. There were no significant differences between any of the treatments on the devel-opment of one-cell embryos. Therefore, the detrimental effect of highly concentration was not appeared.】
Purification and characterization of poly(A) polymerase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1991)

Poly(A) polymerase was purified 22,000-fold to homogeneity from a whole cell extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a yield of 22%. The enzyme is a monomeric polypeptide with a denatured molecular weight of 63,000. Incorporation of labeled ATP into acid-precipitable material by the purified enzyme proceeds faster with manganese than with magnesium ions. Various RNA homopolymers as well as Escherichia coli tRNA or rRNA can serve as primers. An RNA that terminates at the natural poly(A) site of the CYC1 gene is not more efficiently elongated than several nonspecific substrates, indicating the requirement for additional factors to provide specificity. Elongation of the primer is distributive. Covering of a poly(A) primer with poly(A)-binding protein reduces the enzyme's activity more than 10-fold.
Confocal Microscopy Study of Texture Transitions in a Polymer Stabilized Cholesteric Liquid Crystal (1997)

The switching transition of polymer stabilized cholesteric texture liquid crystals is studied via confocal microscopy. This noninvasive probe enables the simultaneous imaging of the polymer network and the liquid crystal domain structure. We find that the two-stage switching often occurring in these systems results from the cholesteric experiencing two distinct environments: one consisting of very low polymer density, and the other strongly dominated by the polymer network. Fluctuations in the local polymer density produce effective random fields that broaden the transition.
Microelectronic Engineering Techniques with Electromagnetic Compatibility (1995)

The term EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) includes, as generally might be known, all actions intended to eliminate electromagnetic interference in electronic systems. Challenges faced in the microelectronic area include growing systems complexity, higher operating speed, denser design at all levels of integration (chip, printed circuit board, MCM and system).
Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve degeneration and repair (1992)

A cut or crush injury to a peripheral nerve results in the degeneration of that portion of the axon isolated from the cell body. The rapid degeneration of this distal segment was for many years believed to be a process intrinsic to the nerve. It was believed that Schwann cells both phagocytosed degenerating axons and myelin sheaths and also provided growth factors to promote regeneration of the damaged axons. In recent years, it has become apparent that the degenerating distal segment is invaded by monocytes from the blood. We will review the evidence that these recruited macrophages play a role in both degeneration and regeneration of peripheral nerve axons after injury and consider whether the slow degeneration and poor monocyte recruitment in the central nervous system may contribute to the poor regeneration there.
Flexibility of the zeolite RHO framework: In situ x ray and neutron powder structural characterization of divalent cation-exchanged zeolite RHO (1989)

Zeolite RHO has an unusual three-dimensional monolayer surface with a topology that gives equal access to either side of the surface. In the absence of supporting structural subunits, e.g., smaller cages or channels, RHO exhibits atypical framework flexibility with large displacive rearrangements. These have been investigated by in situ X-ray powder diffraction studies of zeolite RHO exchanged with various divalent cations. The unit cell variation (e.g., Ca,H-RHO (400{degree}C), a = 13.970 (5) {angstrom}; Sr-RHO (250{degree}C), a = 14.045 (1) {angstrom}; Ba-RHO (200{degree}C), a = 14.184 (2) {angstrom}; Cd-RHO (350{degree}C), a = 14.488 (3) {angstrom}; Na,Cs-RHO (25{degree}C), a = 15.031 (1) {angstrom}) is a particularly sensitive function of cation and temperature. Rietveld analysis of neutron diffraction data was used to refine the structures of two samples, Ca,ND{sub 4}-RHO and Ca,D-RHO. Ca,D-RHO shows the largest reported deviation from Im{bar 3}m symmetry (a = 13.9645 (7) {angstrom}) for a RHO structure.
La gestión del volumen de negocios afecta a la cotización bursátil de los clubs de fútbol (2013)

Este artículo analiza las 53 destituciones y dimisiones de directivos que han tenido lugar\nen los 16 clubs de fútbol ingleses que cotizan en bolsa durante las temporadas 2000/01\na 2008/09. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el día después del anuncio de una\ndestitución tiene lugar, en promedio, un incremento del 0,3% en el precio ajustado de la\nacción, mientras que una dimisión se traduce en una caída del 1% que se prolonga durante\nun mes, dando lugar a un rendimiento acumulado negativo anormal cifrado en más del\n8% respecto de la sesión precedente al día del anuncio de la dimisión. Estos resultados\nson intuitivos, y sugieren que la destitución de un directivo con bajo rendimiento para el\nclub puede ser bienvenida por los mercados, a modo de una posible solución para mejorar\nlos resultados obtenidos en futuros partidos, mientras que la pérdida de un directivo capacitado\nvía dimisión, que por lo general progresa a una posición superior, resultará en\nuna caída en el precio de las acciones del club. El artículo también pone de manifiesto\nque, mientras que el impacto de las salidas de directivos en la volatilidad del precio de las\nacciones no está tan claro, la especulación en la prensa es un factor muy común en la\npreparación de tal evento
On Quadratic Penalties in Elastic Weight Consolidation (2017)

Elastic weight consolidation (EWC, Kirkpatrick et al, 2017) is a novel algorithm designed to safeguard against catastrophic forgetting in neural networks. EWC can be seen as an approximation to Laplace propagation (Eskin et al, 2004), and this view is consistent with the motivation given by Kirkpatrick et al (2017). In this note, I present an extended derivation that covers the case when there are more than two tasks. I show that the quadratic penalties in EWC are inconsistent with this derivation and might lead to double-counting data from earlier tasks.
Projected‐Capacitive Touch Technology (2010)

Projected‐capacitive touch has grown extremely rapidly from obscurity in 2006 to the number‐two touch technology in 2009. This article examines all aspects of projected‐capacitive touch technology, delving into sensor, controller, and module details.
A Probabilistic Modeling Approach to Hearing Loss Compensation (2016)

Hearing Aid (HA) algorithms need to be tuned (“fitted”) to match the impairment of each specific patient. The lack of a fundamental HA fitting theory is a strong contributing factor to an unsatisfying sound experience for about 20% of HA patients. This paper proposes a probabilistic modeling approach to the design of HA algorithms. The proposed method relies on a generative probabilistic model for the hearing loss problem and provides for automated inference of the corresponding (1) signal processing algorithm, (2) the fitting solution as well as (3) a principled performance evaluation metric. All three tasks are realized as message passing algorithms in a factor graph representation of the generative model, which in principle allows for fast implementation on HA or mobile device hardware. The methods are theoretically worked out and simulated with a custom-built factor graph toolbox for a specific hearing loss model.
Thermal Modeling and Control of Material Processing in Scan Welding (1998)

Abstract The paper focuses on thermal analysis of scan welding, a new joining technique redesigned to ensure the composite morphologic, material and mechanical integrity of the weld. This is obtained by real-time control of the temperature field by a proper dynamic heat input distribution on the weld surface. This distribution is implemented in scan welding by a single torch, sweeping the joint surface by a controlled reciprocating motion, and power adjusted by feedback of infrared temperature data in-process. A numerical simulation and an analytical multivariable model of the thermal field in scan welding is established, using real-time identification of its parameters. An adaptive thermal control scheme is thus implemented and validated computationally and experimentally on a robotic Gas-Tungsten Arc Welding setup. The resulting thermal features of scan welding are analyzed in terms of material structure and properties of the weldment.
Cannabinoids Production by Hairy Root Cultures of &lt;i&gt;Cannabis sativa&lt;/i&gt; L. (2015)

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) derivatives are used clinically as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, appetite stimulant, anti-emetic and anti-tumor cannabinoids. THC and its related compounds are at present obtained by extraction from intact Cannabis plants or chemical synthesis, but plant cell cultures may be an alternative source of production. In the present study, hairy root cultures of C. sativa (Cannabaceae) were induced by incubation of aseptically grown callus culture with solid B5 medium supplemented with 4 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid in darkness at 25°C. Hairy root growth profiles in shake flask, increased periodically during 35 days of growth cycle. The cannabinoid contents produced in minor levels and remained below 2.0 μg/g dry weight. The contents of can-nabinoid were analyzed by liquid chromatography and confirmed by mass spectrometry.
A large-scale study of failures in high-performance computing systems (2006)

Designing highly dependable systems requires a good understanding of failure characteristics. Unfortunately, little raw data on failures in large IT installations is publicly available. This paper analyzes failure data recently made publicly available by one of the largest high-performance computing sites. The data has been collected over the past 9 years at Los Alamos National Laboratory and includes 23000 failures recorded on more than 20 different systems, mostly large clusters of SMP and NUMA nodes. We study the statistics of the data, including the root cause of failures, the mean time between failures, and the mean time to repair. We find for example that average failure rates differ wildly across systems, ranging from 20-1000 failures per year, and that time between failures is modeled well by a Weibull distribution with decreasing hazard rate. From one system to another, mean repair time varies from less than an hour to more than a day, and repair times are well modeled by a lognormal distribution
Plasma sputtering system for deposition of thin film combinatorial libraries (2005)

The design of a plasma sputtering system for the deposition of combinatorial libraries is described. A rotating carousel is used to position shadow masks between the targets and the substrate. Multilayer films are built up by depositing sequentially through various masks. Postdeposition annealing is used to promote interdiffusion of the layered structures. Either discrete or compositional gradient libraries can be deposited in this system. Samples appropriate for characterization with a scanning electrochemical microscope or a multichannel microelectrode array system can be produced. The properties of some deposited Pt–Ru films for fuel cell applications are described.
A low phase and gain error passive phase shifter in 90 nm CMOS for 60 GHz phase array system application (2016)

A 60 GHz passive phase shifter with low phase and amplitude error is presented in this paper. Unlike other passive phase shifter, this phase shifter consists of 2 switch type phase shifter (STPS), vector generator and vector selector to achieve 4 bit (22.5° phase resolution) and full 360° phase synthesizing. From 57–66 GHz, the measured insertion loss is 17 dB. The RMS phase and amplitude error are < 5° and 0.5 dB, respectively, and the gain flatness is ± 0.5 dB with no dc consumption. The total chip size is 0.168 mm2. Beside, this phase shifter can operate without extra digital to analog convertor (DAC). To the authors knowledge, this phase shifter demonstrate the lowest RMS gain error and gain flatness among 60 GHz phase shifter.
Location transparent connection management: a survey of protocol issues (1992)

The authors examine one aspect of connection management currently receiving attention: dynamic, location-independent addressing. They offer a proposed clarification of relevant terminology, outline the location transparency problem, and explore both existing and potential approaches to its implementation. Underlying the exploration is the fundamental premise that addressing and routing in a location transparent environment necessitates considering a virtual addressing capability, which allows a device to have an unchanging virtual address at one level, and a physical address at a lower level, which dynamically changes according to the position of the device.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
E-tail Product Return Prediction via Hypergraph-based Local Graph Cut (2018)

Recent decades have witnessed the rapid growth of E-commerce. In particular, E-tail has provided customers with great convenience by allowing them to purchase retail products anywhere without visiting the actual stores. A recent trend in E-tail is to allow free shipping and hassle-free returns to further attract online customers. However, a downside of such a customer-friendly policy is the rapidly increasing return rate as well as the associated costs of handling returned online orders. Therefore, it has become imperative to take proactive measures for reducing the return rate and the associated cost. Despite the large amount of data available from historical purchase and return records, up until now, the problem of E-tail product return prediction has not attracted much attention from the data mining community.
Equivalent Circuit and Calculation of Its Parameters of Magnetic-Coupled-Resonant Wireless Power Transfer (2012)

Because of an improvement of wireless communication technologies, cables are taken away step by step from an electrical equipment. Now, a power cable is the last wire connected to the equipment. Therefore, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology is desired. Conventionally, microwave power transfer and magnetic induction have been used for this purpose. Microwave power transfer technology utilizes a directivity antenna with high-power microwave generator. This technology is applicable for very long range power transfer, such as space solar power system(SPS). However, this technology requires precise directivity control. Thus it is difficult to use in consumer electrical appliances. Magnetic induction technology is already used for power supply for a cordless phone, electric tooth blush, or electric shaver. RFID tag also utilizes magnetic induction technology for power supply. However, demerit of this technology is very short distance for power transmission. Although transmitter and receiver is electrically isolated, they should be physically touched. Wireless power transfer using magnetic-coupled resonance is proposed by MIT in 2007 (1). 60W power transmission experiment for 2m distance was demonstrated (2). It is amazing that this technology is applicable although human body is located just between a transmitter and receiver. Thus, it is expected that this technology is used in home electrical appliances or electric vehicles. On the other hands, for practical implementation, design criteria of this system should be established. Although the magnetic-coupled resonant WPT technology is the epoch-making technology, this technology seems similar technology to magnetic induction. Both of them use magnetic field to transfer power and magnetic coil to feed/pickup power. The key point of the magnetic-coupled resonant WPT is using capacitance to occur resonance. However, even in conventional magnetic induction technology, capacitor is also used. The feature of the magnetic-coupled resonant WPT is to utilize odd-mode and even-mode resonance. In the magnetic induction technology, frequency is fixed according to the transfer distance. However in the magnetic-coupled WPT technology, frequency should be varied according to the transfer distance. In the section 2, we explain basic theory of magnetic-coupled WPT system through equivalent circuit expression. Method of moment (MoM) simulations will be demonstrated for validation. In the section 3, a procedure to calculate parameters of the equivalent circuit of
A study on comparing blood pressure of ankle artery with brachial artery and intra-aortic pressures (1999)

Objective To assess the method of measuring blood pressure of lower extremity Methods Blood pressure of ankle artery taken with cuff around the lower leg was compared with blood pressure of brachial artery and intra aortic pressure in 107 patients with and without hypertension Results There were significant positive relations between blood pressures of ankle artery and brachial atery in both hypertensive and non hypertensive groups ( P 0 001), and also significant relation between blood pressurs of extremities and intra aortic pressure ( P 0 05), except diastolic blood pressure of ankle artery in patients with hypertension The systolic and diastolic blood pressures of ankle artery were 10 mm Hg and 5 mm Hg higher respectively than those of brachial artery Comparing with intra aortic pressure, the systolic blood pressure of brachial artery was 5 mm Hg lower and the systolic blood pressure of ankle artery was 6 mm Hg higher, while the diastolic blood pressure of brachial artery was 5 6 mm Hg higher and the diastolic blood pressure of ankle artery was 10 mm Hg higher Conclusion The method of measuring ankle artery blood pressure is reliable, but there was no significant relation between diastolic blood pressure of ankle artery and intra aortic pressure in patients with hypertension
Evaluation of a web enabled care planning and documentation system within aged care settings (2007)

A previous research project by the author demonstrated that the use of computer software known as an expert system could successfully provide decision support to nurses within aged care settings.Such software mimics the reasoning processes used by experts in a particular domain, which in this case was nursing diagnosis.Nurses in the study reported in this article also provided positive feedback stating that the software was easy to use, saved time, improved standards of documentation, and provided a vicarious educational experience.They also identified additional functionality which was needed if the program was to be more useful to them.As a result of this feedback the program was re-written to run via the Internet.This article reports the results of a survey mailed to users of this revised version of the software.The educational impact of using the program was again reported, along with perceived benefits to both residents and nurses.Issues of implementation and use were identified which should help managers rolling out computerised systems in aged care facilities.The software impacted positively upon workload and was reported as easy to use by users.Finally, and of immediate value, the views of nurses obtained in this survey will be reflected in ongoing discussions with user groups and forthcoming iterations of the software.The small sample size is acknowledged as a limitation in this study.