gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Spray Drying and Milling in the Production of Amorphous Dispersions of Sulfathiazole/Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Sulfadimidine/Polyvinylpyrrolidone (2011)

Formulations containing amorphous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) present great potential to overcome problems of limited bioavailability of poorly soluble APIs. In this paper, we directly compare for the first time spray drying and milling as methods to produce amorphous dispersions for two binary systems (poorly soluble API)/excipient: sulfathiazole (STZ)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sulfadimidine (SDM)/PVP. The coprocessed mixtures were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and intrinsic dissolution tests. PXRD and DSC confirmed that homogeneous glassy solutions (mixture with a single glass transition) of STZ/PVP were obtained for 0.05 ≤ X(PVP) (PVP weight fraction) < 1 by spray drying and for 0.6 ≤ X(PVP) < 1 by milling (at 400 rpm), and homogeneous glassy solutions of SDM/PVP were obtained for 0 < X(PVP) < 1 by spray drying and for 0.7 ≤ X(PVP) < 1 by milling. For these amorphous composites, the value of T(g) for a particular API/PVP ratio did not depend on the processing technique used. Variation of T(g) versus concentration of PVP was monotonic for all the systems and matched values predicted by the Gordon-Taylor equation indicating that there are no strong interactions between the drugs and PVP. The fact that amorphous SDM can be obtained on spray drying but not amorphous STZ could not be anticipated from the thermodynamic driving force of crystallization, but may be due to the lower molecular mobility of amorphous SDM compared to amorphous STZ. The solubility of the crystalline APIs in PVP was determined and the activities of the two APIs were fitted to the Flory-Huggins model. Comparable values of the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ) were determined for the two systems (χ = -1.8 for SDM, χ = -1.5 for STZ) indicating that the two APIs have similar miscibility with PVP. Zones of stability and instability of the amorphous dispersions as a function of composition and temperature were obtained from the Flory-Huggins theory and the Gordon-Taylor equation and were found to be comparable for the two APIs. Intrinsic dissolution studies in aqueous media revealed that dissolution rates increased in the following order: physical mix of unprocessed materials < physical mix of processed material < coprocessed materials. This last result showed that production of amorphous dispersions by co-milling can significantly enhance the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs to a similar magnitude as co-spray dried systems.
Direct Measurement of Hydrophobic Forces:  A Study of Dissolved Gas, Approach Rate, and Neutron Irradiation (1999)

Theoretical interpretations of the, as yet, poorly understood long-range hydrophobic attraction are briefly reviewed. We report long-range hydrophobic attractive forces between silica surfaces made hydrophobic by adsorption of the cationic surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetylpyridinium chloride onto silica surfaces. The effects of dissolved gas, surface approach velocity, and neutron irradiation on the measured interaction have been studied in order to investigate possible non-electrostatic mechanisms for the long-range hydrophobic attraction. At large separations the presence of dissolved gas, neutron irradiation, and reduced approach velocities are, in each case, found to result in a stronger attraction between the hydrophobic surfaces. These results are consistent with mechanisms related to the metastability of the thin aqueous film separating the approaching hydrophobic surfaces.
Efficient Capture and Isolation of Tumor-Related Circulating Cell-Free DNA from Cancer Patients Using Electroactive Conducting Polymer Nanowire Platforms (2016)

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is currently recognized as a key non-invasive biomarker for cancer diagnosis and progression and therapeutic efficacy monitoring. Because cfDNA has been detected in patients with diverse types of cancers, the use of efficient strategies to isolate cfDNA not only provides valuable insights into tumour biology, but also offers the potential for developing new cancer-specific targets. However, the challenges associated with conventional cfDNA extraction methods prevent their further clinical applications. Here, we developed a nanostructured conductive polymer platform for the efficient capture and release of circulating cfDNA and demonstrated its potential clinical utility using unprocessed plasma samples from patients with breast and lung cancers. Our results confirmed that the platform's enhanced efficiency allows tumor-specific circulating cfDNA to be recovered at high yield and purity.
Vector quantization-based automatic shot boundary detection (2004)

A compact video description is required to efficiently browse a multimedia database. A possible solution is the creation of a summary by using a set of frames (key frames) representing the content of each part of the video. To this end, a novel shot boundary detection method, based on a vector quantization approach, is presented. Experimental results show the effectiveness, in terms of computational cost and performance, of the proposed system.
[Their titers and recognized molecules of IgG class anti-BCG antibody in sera from patients with tuberculosis]. (1990)

Hypergammaglobulinemia is a frequent complication of tuberculosis. Serum levels of each class of immunoglobulin were analyzed among tuberculosis patients. Adult patients had high levels of IgG and IgA, but IgM levels were not elevated. These data suggested that antibody responses to mycobacterial antigens might be influenced by individual immune responses. In order to analyze the specific antibody responses to mycobacterial antigens, IgG class antibodies reactive with BCG proteins were enumerated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were shown to have significantly higher a mount of IgG antibodies than healthy controls. Sera from patients with active tuberculosis had high consistently titers of antibodies. Antibody titers returned to a normal range after effective treatment, suggesting that the measurement of IgG anti-BCG antibodies would be useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of tuberculosis. In addition, serum antibody profiles were analyzed by immunoblotting. Sonicated whole BCG proteins were electrophorased and transferred to nylon sheets by Western blotting. Then the sheets were developed with sera from patients or controls. Mycobacterial cell wall contains a vast array of proteins so that comparison of the antibody profiles from different sera revealed striking individual variations. However two kinds of proteins, whose molecular sizes were 65KDa and 16KDa, were considered to be significant. The 65 KDa protein was recognized in most sera from both patients and controls. The protein may be related to a "common antigen" present in a wide variety of bacteria. These observations may shed a new light on the role of 65KDa protein in the regulation of the immune systems, for example a individual highly primed to 65KDa protein may amount an exaggerated and potentially harmful response to cross-reactive antigens from other essentially non-pathogenic bacteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Characteristic and controlled release of anticancer drug loaded poly (D,L-lactide) microparticles prepared by spray drying technique (2001)

Anticancer drug release from polylactic acid microspheres prepared by the spray-drying process was studied. Several process parameters and properties of the polymer solution have been investigated. Normal size distributions with diameters ranging from 5-10 microm were obtained by the spray drying technique. The yield of microspheres recovered depended on polymer solution and process conditions employed. Results show that the yield of microspheres could reach 50%, and the experimental drug loading approached the theoretical drug loading. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that microspheres were composed of a dense thin skin layer and porous core. The magnitude of this effect depended on the inlet temperature, feed polymer concentration and air flow rate. Increasing inlet temperature and polymer concentration resulted in an intact particle shape and a slower drug dissolution rate. The in-vitro release of anticancer drug from microspheres was sustained over 7 days. The drug release behaviour depended on inlet temperature, air flow rate, PLA concentration and drug loading. The anticancer drug release rate from polylactic acid microspheres prepared by the spray-drying method was depressed, and the long-acting release could be achieved by appropriate operating parameters.
Alveolar Fluid Clearance in Pathologically Relevant Conditions: In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2017)

Critically ill patients with respiratory failure from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have reduced ability to clear alveolar edema fluid. This reduction in alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) contributes to the morbidity and mortality in ARDS. Thus, it is important to understand why AFC is reduced in ARDS in order to design targeted therapies. In this review, we highlight experiments that have advanced our understanding of ARDS pathogenesis, with particular reference to the alveolar epithelium. First, we review how vectorial ion transport drives the clearance of alveolar edema fluid in the uninjured lung. Next, we describe how alveolar edema fluid is less effectively cleared in lungs affected by ARDS and describe selected <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments that have elucidated some of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the reduced AFC. Finally, we describe one potential therapy that targets this pathway: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs). Based on preclinical studies, MSCs enhance AFC and promote the resolution of pulmonary edema and thus may offer a promising cell-based therapy for ARDS.
Sector PCS-EBG Antenna for Low-Cost High-Directivity Applications (2007)

This letter proposes a new topology of antenna based on the use of planar circularly symmetric electromagnetic band gap (PCS-EBG) with different periodicities. These periodicities are used to impose different propagation velocities of the dominant surface waves on different zones of the same dielectric substrate. The control of the dispersion characteristics guides the design together with the definition of a centered feed suitable to excite the surface waves. One prototype has been designed, manufactured and tested to prove the concept.
Dictionary of Object Technology: The Definitive Desk Reference (1995)

From the Publisher:
Dictionary of Object Technology: The Definitive Desk Reference is the only reference of its kind dedicated to the terminology used in the object technology field. With over 3,000 main entries and over 600 pages, this long-awaited and much needed dictionary is cross-referenced by major components and includes complete appendices specific to industry standards, programming languages, and more. This fundamental reference will help maintain consistent language usage across the entire spectrum of the object technology field.
Wideband speech recovery from bandlimited speech in telephone communications (2002)

This paper describes methods that can enhance the quality of speech signals that are severely band limited during regular telephone speech transmission. We have already proposed a spectrum widening method that utilizes aliasing in sampling rate conversion and digital filtering for spectrum shaping. This paper discusses the method using linear prediction. Speech components of the outbands of the received signal are basically generated by LPC (linear predictive coding) synthesis by analysis. Furthermore, we discuss a new spectrum widening method using a multilayer backpropagation neural network. It is shown that the proposed method has a good performance of recovering the wideband speech.
Chemical modification of cellulose extracted from sugarcane bagasse: Preparation of hydroxyethyl cellulose (2013)

Cellulose was extracted from sugarcane bagasse by alkaline extraction with sodium hydroxide followed by delignification/bleaching using sodium chlorite/hexamethylenetetramine system. Factors affecting extraction process, including sodium hydroxide concentration, hexamethylenetetramine concentration and temperature were studied and optimum conditions for alkaline extraction were found to be boiling finely ground bagasse under reflux in 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and then carrying out the delignification/bleaching treatment at 95 °C using 5 g/l sodium chlorite together with 0.02 g/l hexamethylenetetramine. The extracted cellulose was used in the preparation of hydroxyethyl cellulose through reaction with ethylene oxide in alkaline medium. Factors affecting the hydroxyethylation reaction, like sodium hydroxide concentration during the alkali formation step, ethylene oxide concentration, reaction temperature and reaction duration were studied. Optimum conditions for hydroxyethylation reaction were using 20% NaOH solution and 200% ethylene oxide (based on weight of cellulose), carrying out the reaction at 100 °C for 60 min.
Lasing action in a family of perylene derivatives: singlet absorption and emission spectra, triplet absorption and oxygen quenching constants, and molecular mechanics and semiempirical molecular orbital calculations (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLasing action in a family of perylene derivatives: singlet absorption and emission spectra, triplet absorption and oxygen quenching constants, and molecular mechanics and semiempirical molecular orbital calculationsMahin Sadrai, Linda Hadel, Ronald R. Sauers, Syeda Husain, Karsten Krogh-Jespersen, John D. Westbrook, and George R. BirdCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 20, 7988–7996Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100199a032https://doi.org/10.1021/j100199a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2270Altmetric-Citations223LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A robust snake implementation; a dual active contour (1997)

A conventional active contour formulation suffers difficulty in appropriate choice of an initial contour and values of parameters. Recent approaches have aimed to resolve these problems but can compromise other performance aspects. To relieve the problem in initialization, we use a dual active contour, which is combined with a local shape model to improve the parameterization. One contour expands from inside the target feature, the other contracts from the outside. The two contours are interlinked to provide a balanced technique with an ability to reject "weak" local energy minima.
Effects of water extract of Neottopteris nidus on osteoblasts (2011)

Objective To study the effects of water extracts of Neottopteris nidus on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in vitro in an attempt to investigate its mechanisms in promoting fractured bones healing and preventing osteoporosis.Methods Culture the osteoporosis and the water extract of Neottopteris nidus respectively at the concentrations of 0g/L,1.0g/L,1.2g/L,1.4g/L,1.5g/L,1.6g/L and 2.0g/L in vitro;and then observe cell morphology,detect the proliferation and differentiation indicators of osoteoblasts such as type I collagen,alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,calcium deposition and mineralized nodules.Results There was a significant difference in the osoteoblasts proliferation in every experimental group(except the 1.0g/L on the first day) compared with the control group at the same time(P0.01);there was a significant difference between all the experimental groups and the control group in the average optical density,alkaline phosphatase content,osteocalcin content and the amount of calcium deposition(P0.01);there was a significant difference between all the experimental groups(except 1.0g/L group) and the control group in the number of mineralized nodules(P0.01).Between the 1.6g/L and 2.0g/L groups,there was no significant difference in the osoteoblasts proliferation at the same time(P0.05),and there was no significant difference in the average optical density,alkaline phosphatase content,osteocalcin content and the number of mineralized nodules(P0.05),but there was a significant difference in the amount of calcium deposition(P0.01).Conclusion The water extract of Neottopteris nidus can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts;specifically,probable concentration of the Extract can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast,and high concentration of the Extract makes the effect saturated.
Preventing Session Hijacking using Encrypted One-Time-Cookies (2020)

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) cookies are pieces of information shared between HTTP server and client to remember stateful information for the stateless HTTP protocol or to record a user's browsing activity. Cookies are often used in web applications to identify a user and corresponding authenticated session. Thus, stealing a cookie can lead to hijacking an authenticated user's session. To prevent this type of attack, a cookie protection mechanism is required. In this paper, we have proposed a secure and efficient cookie protection system. We have used one time cookies to prevent attacker from performing cookie injection. To ensure cookie integrity and confidentiality, we have encrypted sensitive information in the cookie. We have verified that our proposed system can ensure confidentiality, authenticity and integrity through security analysis. Our proposed system can efficiently prevent session hijacking performed through replay attack and cookie poisoning attack.
Combination of human plasminogen kringle 5 with ionizing radiation significantly enhances the efficacy of antitumor effect (2007)

Antiangiogenic therapy could destroy tumor vasculature and inhibit tumor growth. It might inhibit tumor growth significantly when used as a single treatment modality and its therapeutic benefit may even be greater when used in combination with established treatment modalities such as radiation therapy (RT). In the present report, we investigated the effect of recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain (rhK5) in combination with ionizing radiation on angiogenesis, tumor growth and survival in a murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor model. Combined treatment using rhK5 and radiotherapy displayed obvious suppressive effect on LLC tumor growth as compared with single treatment with either modality (p < 0.05), and resulted in a more additive effect on tumor growth delay in this model. In addition, combined treatment significantly enhanced the survival of mice and no toxic effect, such as weight loss, was observed. The significant antitumor effect of rhK5 plus radiation was associated with a direct suppression effect on early neoangiogenesis and tumor cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the expression of VEGF and HIF-1alpha in tumor tissue correlated well with decreased vessel density. The results suggest that rhK5 significantly enhances the antitumor activity of RT and could be a potent adjuvant therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy for lung cancer.
The Effect of Asynchronous Inputs on Sequential Network Reliability (1977)

Synchronous sequential networks (SSN's) with high-frequency asynchronous inputs are subject to substantial failure rates due to the failure of input synchronizing networks. An apparent solution to this problem is to design asynchronous sequential networks (ASN's) to process the asynchronous inputs directly using the unrestricted input change technique of Unger. It is noted that this technique requires the use of inertial-delay elements and it is shown that inertial-delay elements can also be used to design reliable input synchronizers directly. Several common inertial-delay designs are examined. It is shown that none can be guaranteed reliable. An extensive dynamic analysis is required to prove the unreliability of one of these, an inertial delay which uses a Schmitt trigger. It is thus established that ASN's are subject to the same type of reliability problems as those recently exposed for synchronizers in synchronous networks. Furthermore, inertial delays are shown to be of central importance in that the development of a reliable inertial delay will solve both synchronous and asynchronous reliability problems.
Real-space measurement of potential distribution in PECVD ONO electrets by Kelvin probe force microscopy (2016)

Multilayers of silicon oxide/silicon nitride/silicon oxide (ONO) are known for their good electret properties due to deep energy traps near the material interfaces, facilitating charge storage. However, measurement of the space charge distribution in such multilayers is a challenge for conventional methods if layer thickness dimensions shrink below 1 μm. In this paper, we propose an atomic force microscope based method to determine charge distributions in ONO layers with spatial resolution below 100 nm. By applying Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) on freshly cleaved, corona-charged multilayers, the surface potential is measured directly along the z-axis and across the interfaces. This new method gives insights into charge distribution and charge movement in inorganic electrets with a high spatial resolution.
Anomalous Magnetic Moments and Transformations in the Ordered Alloy FeRh (1962)

Magnetization and electrical resistivity measurements on an iron-rhodium alloy of approximate composition FeRh, having CsCl-type structure, confirm recent x-ray and neutron diffraction evidence for a first-order antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition at about 350°K. From 350°K down to 77°K, an essentially constant, field-independent susceptibility of about 1×10−4 emu/g is observed. Above 350°K, the alloy behaves like a normal ferromagnet with a Curie point of 675°K and a saturation magnetization (extrapolated to 0°K) of 130 emu/g. This σ0 value is equivalent to an average atomic moment of 1.85 μB, or to 3.85 μB per iron atom if the rhodium moment is assumed to be zero. Alternatively, if the iron moment is taken to be 2.2 μB, the rhodium moment has to be about 1.5 μB. Qualitative results are given for the effect of high magnetic fields and pressures on the first-order transition temperature of this alloy.
1929 tested seeds / (1929)

All orders taken previous to the issuing of this list, if some of the prices are higher, will be lowered wherever possible to meet prices in this catalogue. This list cancels all previous prices. Write all orders on blank enclosed and use envelope, writing your return address thereon. We will send all orders of reasonable weight for Garden and Flower seed by Parcel Post, the postage charges paid by us (except Beans, Sweet Corn and Peas