gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robotics-based obstacle-avoidance systems for the blind and visually impaired - Navbelt and the guidecane (2003)

NavBelt and GuideCane are computerized devices based on advanced mobile robotics obstacle-avoidance technologies. NavBelt is worn by the user like a belt and is equipped with an array of ultrasonic sensors. It provides acoustic signals via a set of stereo earphones that guides the user around obstacles or "displays" a virtual acoustic panoramic image of the traveler's surroundings. One limitation of the NavBelt is that it is exceedingly difficult for the user to comprehend the guidance signals in time to allow fast walking. A newer device, called GuideCane, effectively overcomes this problem. The GuideCane uses the same mobile robotics technology as the NavBelt but is a wheeled device pushed ahead of the user via an attached cane. When the GuideCane detects an obstacle, it steers around it. The user immediately feels this steering action and can follow the GuideCane's new path easily without any conscious effort. This article describes the two devices, including the mechanical, electronic, and software components, user-machine interface, and some experimental results.
Steroidal Aldosterone Antagonists. IV<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroidal Aldosterone Antagonists. IV1NORMAN W. ATWATER, ROY H. BIBLE Jr., EDWARD A. BROWN, ROBERT R. BURTNER, JOSEPH S. MIHINA, LEONARD N. NYSTED, and PAUL B. SOLLMANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 9, 3077–3083Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01067a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01067a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Colorimetric Determination of Primary Amine in Fatty Amine Acetates and Fatty Amines (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Determination of Primary Amine in Fatty Amine Acetates and Fatty AminesA. J. MilunCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 10, 1502–1504Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60130a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60130a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> invades oral epithelial cells in vitro (1993)

The aim of the present study was to analyze the adhesive and invasive potential of a number of P. gingivalis strains, in an in vitro system utilizing cultures of human oral epithelial cells (KB cell line, ATCC CCL 17). P. gingivalis strains W50 and FDC 381 (laboratory strains) and OMGS 1738, 1743 and 1439 (clinical isolates) as well as E. coli strain HB 101 (non-adhering, non-invasive control) were used. Adherence was assessed by means of scintillation counting and light microscopy, after incubation of radiolabelled bacteria with epithelial cells. In the invasion assay, monolayers were infected with the P. gingivalis and E. coli strains and further incubated with an antibiotic mixture (metronidazole 0.1 mg/ml and gentamicin 0.5 mg/ml). Invasion was evaluated by (i) assessing presence of bacteria surviving the antibiotic treatment, and (ii) electron microscopy. All P. gingivalis strains adhered to and entered into the oral epithelial cells. After 3 hours of incubation, bacteria were frequently identified intracellularly by means of electron microscopy. The cellular membranes, encapsulating the microorganisms in early stages of the invasive process, appeared later to disintegrate. The presence of coated pits on the epithelial cell surfaces suggested that internalization of P. gingivalis was associated with receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). Formation of outer membrane vesicles (blebs) by intracellular bacteria indicated that internalized P. gingivalis was able to retain its viability. E. coli strain HB 101 neither adhered to nor invaded epithelial cells.
Radiation Hardening By Design Integrated Circuits Enabling Low-Cost Satellites for Internet-of-Things (2018)

Satellite technology serves as the key enabler to push the Internet-of-Thing (IoT) connectivity to its full potential. Unfortunately, present Integrated Circuits (ICs) for satellites are very expensive and dated. In this paper, we present an interesting investigation into the design of advanced ICs on the basis of a low-cost commercial bulk CMOS process. Subsequent to this, we further present a case study of the design of a high-reliability radiation-hardened voltage reference by means of an innovative Radiation Harden By Design (RHBD) approach.
A Comparison of Four Overmoded Canonical Narrow Bandpass Filters at 12 GHz (2005)

The relative merits of four waveguide modes, square TE/sub 103/ and TE/sub 105/ and cylindrical TE/sub 113/ and TE/sub 011/, in constructing small, lightweight, low loss, narrow bandpass canonical filters for use at 12 GHz and above are presented in this paper. The TE/sub 113/ mode is the choice of the present study.
Retinazone Inhibits Certain Blood-Borne Human Viruses Including Ebola Virus Zaire (2013)

RTZ represents the first reported antiviral agent capable of eradicating HIV and HBV proviruses from their human host. Furthermore, RTZ represents a potent and efficacious small-molecule in vitro inhibitor of Ebola virus Zaire 1976 strain Mayinga replication.
Serial Passage of Hog Cholera Virus in Rabbits (1946)

SummaryTwo strains of hog cholera virus were inoculated into rabbits. One strain (A) continued in serial passage, became attenuated for swine and, after 15 rabbit passages, produced a febrile reaction of short duration as the only sign of illness. This attenuated strain fully immunized swine to the virulent hog cholera virus. The other strain (B) was present in rabbits for 1 but not 2 consecutive passages. With 6 continued transfers alternately between swine and rabbits, the amount of virus in the rabbit's spleen attained 100 times that found in the initial rabbit transfer. Serial passage in the rabbit was then successful for 2 but not 3 transfers. Evidence of attenuation of this strain was the lengthened incubation period in swine inoculated with the rabbit-passed material. Possible explanations for the difference in adaptability of these strains are discussed.
Transient platelet and HLA antibody formation in multitransfused patients with malignancy (1988)

Summary Fifty‐nine patients receiving platelet transfusions for bone marrow failure secondary to malignancy were screened at regular intervals for the presence of antibodies to human leucocyte (HLA) and platelet specific antigens. HLA antibodies occurred in 19 patients, 10 of whom also developed platelet specific antibodies. The HLA antibodies disappeared in 10 of 15 patients followed for periods of 2–14 months. In two patients this occurred whilst still receiving platelet transfusions. Antibody reappeared in only two of six patients subsequently transfused. Antibodies to platelet specific antigens were detected in 28 patients. They were transient, often appeared in association with infection, and in 50% of cases tested demonstrated autoantibody activity. There was no association with antibiotic drug therapy, or PFA/EDTA‐dependent cryptantigens. Platelet recovery at 1 h or 20 h post transfusion was not significantly reduced in the presence of platelet specific antibodies. These findings have important implications for the selection of platelet donors for alloimmunized recipients.
Femtosecond studies of interfacial electron-hole recombination in aqueous CdS colloids (1994)

We report the measurements of the electron-hole recombination rate in aqueous CdS colloids on the femtosecond time scale. A fast 2-ps decay and a slower 45-ps decay have been observed, and the decay dynamics are found to be very sensitive to the excitation laser intensity. Geminate electron-hole recombination, responsible for the 45-ps decay, dominates the decay process at low excitation intensities, while nongeminate recombination, accounting for the 2-ps decay, becomes more important at high excitation intensities.
Two Case Reports of Overtraining Syndrome with Anemia Successfully Treated with Ryo-kei-jutsu-kan-to. (1999)

貧血を伴ったオーバートレーニング症候群の長距離走選手に苓桂朮甘湯を投与し症状及び貧血の改善を認めた2症例を経験したので報告する。症例1は18歳の女学生。以前より鉄欠乏性貧血を指摘され, 鉄剤の内服でHb11g/dl前後で経過していた。1996年に大学入学後, 長距離走の練習量の増加に伴い立ちくらみや倦怠感が出現した。同年9月には貧血も悪化し, 当科を初診。苓桂朮甘湯を投与後, 症状は改善。11月にはHb11.9g/dlとなり, 最大酸素摂取量も上昇した。症例2は19歳の女子事務員。以前から, 鉄欠乏性貧血のため, 鉄剤を内服し, Hb11g/dl前後で経過していた。実業団の陸上部に所属していたが, 易疲労感が続くため, 1996年12月当科を初診。補中益気湯を投与し, 倦怠感は軽減した。しかし, 翌年, 練習量の増加に伴い, 体が重い, 立ちくらみ等の症状が出現。貧血の増悪も認め, 苓桂朮甘湯を投与したところ, 諸症状と貧血の改善を認めた。
Suppression of chemokine receptor expression by RNA interference allows for inhibition of HIV-1 replication (2002)

Objectives: Duplexes of 21 base pair RNA, known as short-interfering RNA (siRNA), have been shown to inhibit gene expression by a sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism termed RNA interference (RNAi). The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of chemokine receptor gene suppression by RNAi on the entry and replication of HIV-1. Methods: A flow cytometry and microscopy evaluation of HIV co-receptor expression of cells transfected with siRNA. An evaluation of the effect of siRNA on HIV entry and replication by intracellular p24 antigen detection, and virus production by infected cells, respectively. Results: siRNA that target CXCR4 and CCR5 could effectively impede cell surface protein expression and their consequent function as HIV co-receptors. The inhibitory effect of RNAi directed to CXCR4 was detected 48 h after transfection of CXCR4+ U87-CD4+ cells. The expression of CXCR4 and CCR5 was blocked in 63 and 48% of positive cells by the corresponding siRNA. However, siRNA directed to CXCR4 or CCR5 did not have an effect on CD4 cells or green fluorescence protein expression. siRNA directed to CXCR4 did not suppress CCR5 expression or vice versa. The suppression of HIV-1 co-receptor expression effectively blocked the acute infection of CXCR4+ or CCR5+ U87-CD4+ cells by X4 (NL4-3) or R5 (BaL) HIV-1 strains. Inhibition of virus replication occurred regardless of the multiplicity of infection employed. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that RNAi may be used to block HIV entry and replication through the blockade of cellular gene expression. Gene silencing by siRNA may become a valid alternative for HIV intervention.
Optic Nerve Crush Mice Followed Longitudinally with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (2011)

SD-OCT can be used to quantitatively monitor changes in retinal thickness in mice over time.
A novel method for planning liver resections using deformable Bézier surfaces and distance maps (2017)

Our method provides clinicians with a robust and easy-to-use method for planning liver resections with high reproducibility, smoothness of resection and preservation of resection margin. Our results indicate the ability of the method to represent any type of resection and being integrated in real clinical work-flows.
Urocortin, But Not Urocortin II, Protects Cultured Hippocampal Neurons from Oxidative and Excitotoxic Cell Death via Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Type I (2002)

Urocortin and urocortin II are members of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family of neuropeptides that function to regulate stress responses. Two high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors have been identified that bind CRH and/or urocortin I and II, designated CRHR1 and CRHR2, both of which are present in hippocampal regions of mammalian brain. The hippocampus plays an important role in regulating stress responses and is a brain region in which neurons are vulnerable during disease and stress conditions, including cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, and anxiety disorders. Here we report that urocortin exerts a potent protective action in cultured rat hippocampal neurons with concentrations in the range of 0.5-5.0 pm, increasing the resistance of the cells to oxidative (amyloid beta-peptide, 4-hydroxynonenal, ferrous sulfate) and excitotoxic (glutamate) insults. We observed that urocortin is 10-fold more potent than CRH in protecting hippocampal neurons from insult, whereas urocortin II is ineffective. RT-PCR and sequencing analyses revealed the presence of both CRHR1 and CRHR2 in the hippocampal cultures, with CRHR1 being expressed at much higher levels than CRHR2. Using subtype-selective CRH receptor antagonists, we provide evidence that the neuroprotective effect of exogenously added urocortin is mediated by CRHR1. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the signaling pathway that mediates the neuroprotective effect of urocortin involves cAMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. This is the first demonstration of a biological activity of urocortin in hippocampal neurons, suggesting a role for the peptide in adaptive responses of hippocampal neurons to potentially lethal oxidative and excitotoxic insults.
Behaviour of platinum as UBM in flip chip solder joints (2002)

The use of flip chip technology requires necessarily the implementation of bumps either on the chip pads or on the corresponding pads on the substrate side or both. These bumps provide the electrical as well as the mechanical interconnection. Applying solder bumps for flip chip interconnection it is necessary to have a solderable under bump metallization (UBM) which at the same time provides a diffusion barrier. This investigation is focused on the behaviour of Platinum as UBM or part of it and points out the advantages and disadvantages of this metal in combination with a flip chip solder bump on top of it. Platinum was thereby either evaporated and covered with a goldflash or directly mechanically bumped on the Aluminum pad metallization. The evaporation is based on wafer level processes and can therefore be used for high volume production. Because of the very flexible procedure the mechanical stud bumping is suitable for single chips, substrates, and wafers. The Platinum stud bump was leveled after bumping to have a smooth UBM surface for solder application. For solder bumping in both cases mechanical bumping of solder balls or studs with PbSn and PbSnAg was used. After high temperature storage at 100, 125, 130, and 150/spl deg/C the phase formation of Pt-Sn intermetallics was investigated. The adhesion of the solder bumps was evaluated by sheartesting with respect to the detected shear mode. To characterize the solder interconnections cross-sectioning was performed and the growing of Pt-Sn phases was analyzed by SEM and EDX. Especially for the evaporated UBM the phase formation is of great interest because of the consumption of the Pt layer, which directly influences the reliability of the flip chip interconnection.
The Use of Smile Libraries for Cosmetic Dentistry (2006)

It’s easier than ever to give cosmetic patients what they want. The hard part is determining what they want. Patients seeking your solutions to their cosmetic cases have specific concerns they can’t articulate. There are of course indisputable aspects to a beautiful, healthy smile, straight, white, stain-free teeth. However, personal preferences concerning the combinations of tooth shape, length, and the degree of whiteness or translucency can vary greatly. The patient, the dentist, and the ceramist must all know where they are going before they ever begin cosmetic or appearance related dentistry. Every form of visual communication from digital photographs, smile libraries to cosmetic imaging is a tremendous help. After all, cosmetic dentistry is a visual and functional art.
Corrosion behavior of nitinol wires in body fluid environments (2003)

In this study, breakdown potentials were measured for unpolished and mechanically polished nitinol wires in simulated body fluids. These wires are similar to those used in the manufacture of stents. Considerable scatter was observed in the results indicating a variable surface state. After appropriate heat treatments, the measured breakdown values were lower but more reproducible for the mechanically polished samples. Significantly higher breakdown potentials were observed for cross-section wire samples. Some wires were tested in human blood and the breakdown values were higher than in Ringer and 0.9% NaCl solutions. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the surface layers indicated that oxide thickening occurred after heat treatments. Dynamic secondary ion mass spectroscopy also revealed thickened surface oxides on the wires. The oxide was predominantly made up of TiO(2) with a very thin layer of NiO at the outer surface. Galvanic corrosion tests were performed on nitinol wires coupled with gold, elgiloy/phynox, and stainless steel. Nitinol was found to be anodic in all cases yet the currents measured were small. In tests in which nitinol-gold couples were immersed in 0.9% NaCl for periods up to 12 months, only very small amounts of nickel (in the part per billion range) were released into solution and scanning electron microscopy examination revealed no corrosion.
ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF HOLARRHENA ANTIDYSENTERICA SEEDS ON STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS. (2010)

Summary This study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Petroleum ether (PEHAD) and aqueous (AEHAD) extracts of Holarrhena antidysenterica seeds in normal (Normoglycemic) and in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. On chronic treatment, both petroleum and aqueous extract has showed significant decrease in blood glucose level (BGL), serum cholesterol, triglyceride levels and at the same time markedly increased liver glycogen, thus proving the potentiating property of Holarrhena antidysenteric as antidiabetic drug.
A Contract Based System For Large Data Visualization (2006)

VisIt is a richly featured visualization tool that is used to visualize some of the largest simulations ever run.The scale of these simulations requires that optimizations are incorporated into every operation VisIt performs.But the set of applicable optimizations that VisIt can perform is dependent on the types of operations being done.Complicating the issue, VisIt has a plugin capability that allows new, unforeseen components to be added, making it even harder to determine which optimizations can be applied.We introduce the concept of a contract to the standard data flow network design.This contract enables each component of the data flow network to modify the set of optimizations used.In addition, the contract allows for new components to be accommodated gracefully within VisIt's data flow network system.
Effects of pilocarpine on the morphology of the human outflow apparatus. (1978)

The morphology of the outflow apparatus in human eyes which had been treated topically with either 2 or 4% pilocarpine on 4 occasions at 6-hourly intervals before enucleation was compared with an untreated control series of eyes from patients in a similar age range. In the pilocarpine-treated group the scleral spur was pulled posteriorly and internally, so that the angle formed by the scleral spur and the scleral sulcus was significantly greater in the treated than the untreated series. The change in attitude of the scleral spur produced widening of the spaces between the corneoscleral trabeculae and distension of the endothelial meshwork. It was shown from counts of giant vacuoles in the endothelium of Schlemm's canal that the incidence of giant vacuoles in the pilocarpine-treated group was greater than twice that in the controls. It would appear that pilocarpine produces alterations in the configuration of the outflow apparatus which would promote the drainage of aqueous humour.
Colonization of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium <i>Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus</i> in a large number of Canadian corn plants (2009)

Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium originally found in sugarcane. In this report, we studied colonization of this bacterium in corn (Zea mays) using 17 inbred grain corn lines and 10 sweet corn varieties. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus was inoculated to roots of different corn plants. Thirty days after inoculation, the presence of the bacterium in plant tissues was evaluated via polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. The research showed that it was possible to introduce G. diazotrophicus into a large number of corn genotypes. The bacterium was detected in 11 grain corn lines and 9 sweet corn varieties and the overall colonization in corn was 74.1%. The bacterium was detected in stems and leaves from the primary site of inoculation, indicating the bacterium could move to other organs and the bacterium showed a positive adaptation to the new host plant. The bacterium population size in colonized plants ranged from 200 to 3000 per fresh gram of tissues. Some grain and sweet corn genotypes were not colonized by the bacterium, indicating that genetic difference exists in corn plants which influences colonization. Sucrose content in stem tissues of sweet corn varieties was higher than that in grain plants. Analysis of all the corn genotypes showed that there was a positive correlation between plant sucrose content and colonization efficiency. The study indicates that corn can be a potential new host plant for G. diazotrophicus.Key words: Grain corn, nitrogen-fixing bacterium, sugar content, sweet corn
An Internet-based system for trading green electricity certificates on small scale (2003)

We present a prototype of an Internet-based system for the exchange of certificates for electricity generated from renewable sources. The system consists of hardware and software for the measurement of electric power produced or consumed and for transmitting requests to buy or sell Certificates corresponding to the power produced or consumed A Green Certificates Exchange System receives or distributes Certificates according to demand. Users may interact with the system via a web-based interface. The system has been implemented for a number of electricity producers and consumers and has proven to be very stable while being simple and cost-effective enough to be used by small-scale producers and consumers.