gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wall turbulence manipulation by large-scale streamwise vortices (2002)

This paper describes an experimental study of the manipulation of a fully developed turbulent channel flow through large-scale streamwise vortices originated by vortex generator jets distributed along the wall in the spanwise direction. Apart from the interest in flow management itself, an important aim of the research is to observe the response of the flow to external perturbations as a technique for investigating the structure of turbulence. Considerable mean and fluctuating skin friction reductions, locally as high as 30% and 50% respectively, were measured for an optimal forcing flow intensity. Mean and fluctuating velocity profiles are also greatly modified by the manipulating large-scale vortices; in particular, attenuation of the turbulence intensity was measured. Moreover the flow manipulation caused an increase in longitudinal coherence of the wall organized motions, accompanied by a reduced frequency of burst events, demonstrated by a reduction of the velocity time derivative PDFs and by an higher intermittency. A strong transversal periodic organization of the flow field was observed, including some typical behaviours in each of the periodic boxes originated by the interaction of the vortex pairs. Results are interpreted and discussed in terms of management of the near-wall turbulent structures and with reference to the wall turbulence regeneration mechanisms suggested in the literature.
GLA: Global–Local Attention for Image Description (2017)

In recent years, the task of automatically generating image description has attracted a lot of attention in the field of artificial intelligence. Benefitting from the development of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), many approaches based on the CNN-RNN framework have been proposed to solve this task and achieved remarkable process. However, two problems remain to be tackled in which the most existing methods use only the image-level representation. One problem is object missing, in which some important objects may be missing when generating the image description and the other is misprediction, when one object may be recognized in a wrong category. In this paper, to address these two problems, we propose a new method called global-local attention (GLA) for generating image description. The proposed GLA model utilizes an attention mechanism to integrate object-level features with image-level feature. Through this manner, our model can selectively pay attention to objects and context information concurrently. Therefore, our proposed GLA method can generate more relevant image description sentences and achieve the state-of-the-art performance on the well-known Microsoft COCO caption dataset with several popular evaluation metrics-CIDEr, METEOR, ROUGE-L and BLEU-1, 2, 3, 4.
Easy-Interactive Ordering Of The Pareto Optimal Set With Imprecise Weights (2013)

In the multi objective optimization, in the case when generated set of Pareto optimal solutions is large, occurs the problem to select of the best solution from this set. In this paper, is suggested a method to order of Pareto set. Ordering the Pareto optimal set carried out in conformity with the introduced distance function between each solution and selected reference point, where the reference point may be adjusted to represent the preferences of a decision making agent. Preference information about objective weights from a decision maker may be expressed imprecisely. The developed elicitation procedure provides an opportunity to obtain surrogate numerical weights for the objectives, and thus, to manage impreciseness of preference. The proposed method is a scalable to many objectives and can be used independently or as complementary to the various visualization techniques in the multidimensional case.
Precision limits of waveform recovery and analysis in a signal processing oscilloscope (1987)

The precision limits of a waveform processing oscilloscope have been investigated for the situation where the instrument is used to recover a repetitive exponential signal from high levels of noise. In these studies, the oscilloscope was programmed to sample the signal, average it, and then calculate its exponential decay time constant. The measurement errors in the resulting time constants were found to decrease with continued averaging, but not without limit. In fact, we found that there was an optimum number of samples needed to minimize the error for any particular value of the signal-to-noise ratio at the input to the oscilloscope. We present here our empirically determined values of those optima, an intercomparison of them with the results of a theoretical model, and a description of the measurement system developed for this work.
Ammonium inhibition of nitrogenase activity in Herbaspirillum seropedicae (1989)

The effect of oxygen, ammonium ion, and amino acids on nitrogenase activity in the root-associated N2-fixing bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae was investigated in comparison with Azospirillum spp. and Rhodospirillum rubrum. H. seropedicae is microaerophilic, and its optimal dissolved oxygen level is from 0.04 to 0.2 kPa for dinitrogen fixation but higher when it is supplied with fixed nitrogen. No nitrogenase activity was detected when the dissolved O2 level corresponded to 4.0 kPa. Ammonium, a product of the nitrogenase reaction, reversibly inhibited nitrogenase activity when added to derepressed cell cultures. However, the inhibition of nitrogenase activity was only partial even with concentrations of ammonium chloride as high as 20 mM. Amides such as glutamine and asparagine partially inhibited nitrogenase activity, but glutamate did not. Nitrogenase in crude extracts prepared from ammonium-inhibited cells showed activity as high as in extracts from N2-fixing cells. The pattern of the dinitrogenase and the dinitrogenase reductase revealed by the immunoblotting technique did not change upon ammonium chloride treatment of cells in vivo. No homologous sequences were detected with the draT-draG probe from Azospirillum lipoferum. There is no clear evidence that ADP-ribosylation of the dinitrogenase reductase is involved in the ammonium inhibition of H. seropedicae. The uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone decreased the intracellular ATP concentration and inhibited the nitrogenase activity of whole cells. The ATP pool was not significantly disturbed when cultures were treated with ammonium in vivo. Possible mechanisms for inhibition by ammonium of whole-cell nitrogenase activity in H. seropedicae are discussed.
Über Orceinfarbstoffe, VII. Synthese, Konstitution und Lichtabsorption des Henrichschen Chinons (1958)

Abstract HENRICHS Chinon läßt sich verteilungschromatographisch in das Monochinon III und das Monochinon III und das Dichinon XIII zerlegen, deren Konstitution durch die Synthese aus Orcin über 2‐Jod‐3.5‐dimethoxy‐toluol (VII) und Teuber‐Oxydation des Tetrahydroxy‐ditolyls XI belegt wird. Das UV‐Spektrum des Monochinons III entspricht der Summe der Spektren von Orcin und 6‐Hydroxy‐toluchinon (XVIII). Die chromatographische Trennung in stabile optische Antipoden schließt für das Monochinon III ein Gleichgewicht mit der symmetrischen Di‐phenochinon‐Form II aus.
Modulation of TGF-beta signaling by proinflammatory cytokines in articular chondrocytes. (2007)

IL-1beta or TNF-alpha exerted a suppressive effect on Smad3/4 DNA-binding activity in human articular chondrocytes, as well as on TGF-beta-induced stimulation of Smad3/4 DNA-binding activity and Smad2/3 phosphorylation in human OA and bovine articular chondrocytes. IL-1beta partially reversed the increase in TGF-beta-stimulated Smad7 mRNA or protein levels suggesting that Smad7 may not be involved in the suppression of TGF-beta signaling induced by IL-1beta or TNF-alpha in articular chondrocytes. The balance between the IL-1beta or TNF-alpha and the TGF-beta signaling pathways is crucial for maintenance of articular cartilage homeostasis and its disruption likely plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of OA.
Polymorphisms in Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, -3, -9, and -12 Genes in Relation to Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2001)

The data do not support the hypothesis that MMP gene variations influence the development of intracranial aneurysms in the population studied.
[Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 13-hexylberberine analogues as CD36 antagonists]. (2010)

Scavenger receptor CD36 could bind and endocytose oxLDL into macrophages which were then differentiated into foam cells that constitute the atherosclerotic lesion core, and was considered to be a potential target to treat atherosclerosis. In the establishment of the compound library of berberine (BBR, 1) analogues, we discovered that 13-hexylberberine (2) showed an antagonistic activity against CD36. Taking 2 as the lead compound, 21 derivatives were synthesized and their antagonistic activities were evaluated via an ELISA-like high-throughput screening (HTS) model. The primary structure-activity relationships were studied. It was indicated that the introduction of suitable groups at the 2- and 3-position of the aromatic ring A or at the 9-position of the aromatic ring D could enhance the activity. Among the 21 studied compounds, 7g bearing a benzyloxyl group at the 9-position provided a highest CD36 antagonistic activity with the IC50 value of 7.7 micromol L(-1). Besides, its antagonistic activity was further verified with Sf9 insect cell HTS model. So berberine analogues are a new family of CD36 receptor antagonists and worthy to be studied further.
Creation of the first ultra‐low gluten barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) for coeliac and gluten‐intolerant populations (2015)

Coeliac disease is a well-defined condition that is estimated to affect approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Noncoeliac gluten sensitivity is a condition that is less well defined, but is estimated to affect up to 10% of the population, and is often self-diagnosed. At present, the only remedy for both conditions is a lifelong gluten-free diet. A gluten-free diet is often expensive, high in fat and low in fibre, which in themselves can lead to adverse health outcomes. Thus, there is an opportunity to use novel plant breeding strategies to develop alternative gluten-free grains. In this work, we describe the breeding and characterization of a novel ultra-low gluten (ULG) barley variety in which the hordein (gluten) content was reduced to below 5 ppm. This was achieved using traditional breeding strategies to combine three recessive alleles, which act independently of each other to lower the hordein content in the parental varieties. The grain of the initial variety was shrunken compared to wild-type barleys. We implemented a breeding strategy to improve the grain size to near wild-type levels and demonstrated that the grains can be malted and brewed successfully. The ULG barley has the potential to provide novel healthy foods and beverages for those who require a gluten-free diet.
November 2013 Editorial (2013)

Welcome to the second issue of the Journal for Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice.
High-resolution ultrasonic imaging using an etalon detector array (2008)

A photoacoustic imaging system was built and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of high-resolution low-noise ultrasonic imaging based on parallel detection using polymer etalons. Its capability of detecting ultrasound at different elements simultaneously in the optical end was verified by imaging three 49 mum beads. An average noise-equivalent pressure of 3.6 kPa over 50 MHz for 50 mum diameter detection elements in a two-dimensional array with a diameter of 1.35 mm and a detection bandwidth of 75 MHz at -3 dB was measured. These results demonstrate the potential of polymer etalons for high-frame-rate high-resolution three-dimensional photoacoustic and ultrasound pulse-echo imaging.
The Power of Many: An Assessment of Managing Internet Group Purchasing (2011)

This article introduces Internet group purchasing (IGP) as a novel e-commerce phenomenon. Drawing on collective cognition and other relevant theories, we investigate the management of IGP by analyzing the four stages of IGP: (1) information accumulation, (2) interaction, (3) examination, and (4) accommodation. Netnographic methods were employed to collect qualitative data from eleven online group purchasing websites selected from hundreds of possible study websites. Analysis of the four stages of IGP lends support to the group-level cognition theory and makes contributions to collective cognition theory, especially as how it can be applied to the e-commerce context. It also situates group purchasing within the phenomenon of social networking marketing and discusses the symbiosis between IGP and businesses goals. Findings can help e-commerce practitioners to better understand online consumers and the manner in which they organize Internet group purchasing using social media. The research also provides managerial implications and directions for future research.
NON‐INVASIVE TECHNIQUE FOR OBTAINING FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION AND EMISSION SPECTRA <i>IN VIVO</i> (1986)

Abstract An intensified photodiode array forms the heart of a sensitive spectrophotofluorometry system that permits the rapid and non‐invasive determination of fluorescence emission spectra in the skin of living, non‐anesthetized animals. Using this system, we found it possible to obtain good emission and excitation spectra of the material responsible for the weak red fluorescence that characterizes normal mouse skin, and to follow the biosynthesis and subsequent clearance of protoporphyrin IX in the skin of non‐anesthetized mice that had been given various doses of the porphyrin precursor 5‐aminolevulinic acid.
Darstellung und Reaktionen eines ω‐Halogen‐ω‐acylamidoacetophenons (1968)

Abstract Das aus Phenylglyoxal und p‐Chlorbenzamid erhältliche ω‐Hydroxy‐ω‐(p‐chlorbenzamido)‐acetophenon (II) läßt sich in ω‐Chlor‐ω‐(p‐chlorbenzamido)‐acetophenon (III) umwandeln. Durch Umsetzung von III mit OH‐, SH‐, NH‐ und CH‐aciden Verbindungen werden ω‐substituierte ω‐(p‐Chlorbenzamido)‐acetophenone erhalten (IV bis XIII).
A NOVEL GRAPHICAL INTERFACE AND CONTEXT AWARE MAP FOR INCIDENT DETECTION AND MONITORING (2002)

Recent advances in video sensors, computer vision, graphics, distributed computing, and high-speed computer networks have inspired a new generation of visualization systems for Intelligent Transportation Applications. This paper focuses on the development of and experiments with a visualization environment that present an interactive, immersive, and context-preserving display of outdoor information. The developed visualization integrates a variety of types of information about a section of interstate such as aerial photographs, maps, and live outdoor videos into a single interactive environment. The persistence of context in the visualization aids the remote viewer in more easily comprehending and exploring the outdoor space. All the environments systems and algorithms are integrated and are being extensively tested in a real-world ITS application context using several novel testbeds.
Tolerability of split-dose oprozomib (ONX 0912) in patients with advanced refractory or recurrent solid tumors. (2012)

e13077 Background: Oprozomib (ONX0912), a structural analog of carfilzomib, is an orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor that irreversibly binds to its target and is being evaluated in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors (ST). In a dose-escalation study of once-daily (qd) ONX0912, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 150 mg/d. The protocol was subsequently amended to investigate the effects of a split-dose schedule. Presented here are the interim results from this patient (pt) group. Methods: This is an ongoing, phase 1 study in pts with advanced refractory or recurrent ST. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of ONX0912 and determine the MTD. ONX0912 is administered for 5 consecutive days in 14-day cycles. For pts under the amended regimen, treatment is initiated at 60 mg BID, with 4–6 h between doses. Daily doses are escalated in 30 mg increments in successive groups of 3 pts. Groups are expanded to include 6 pts in the event of a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) or if the MTD is reached. All AEs, including serious AEs (SAEs), are defined per protocol and collected from screening to 30 days after the last dose. Results: 13 pts received a split dose of ONX0912 (4 pts: 60 mg BID; 3 pts: 90/60 mg; 6 pts: 90 mg BID). At least 1 dose reduction was required by 1 pt in the 90/60 mg group and 2 pts in the 90 mg BID group. 9 pts reported treatment-related GI AEs (vomiting, n=9; nausea, n=8; diarrhea, n=5). 2 SAEs, arthralgia and mental status change, were reported at 60 mg BID. 2 SAEs resulting in a dose delay were reported at 90/60 mg (Grade 3/4 anemia [ongoing, also required a dose reduction] and reversible fatigue). There was 1 DLT at 90 mg BID (Grade 3 reversible hypophosphatemia), and this cohort was therefore expanded. Treatment-related vomiting led to discontinuation for 1 patient at 60 mg BID. No AEs led to early withdrawal, and no deaths have been reported in the study. Conclusions: With qd administration, the MTD of ONX0912 was established at 150 mg/d. However, the MTD has not been reached on the split-dose regimen at cumulative doses up to 180 mg/d (90 mg BID). GI AEs were the most common treatment-related AEs. Based on these preliminary observations, split-dose ONX0912 may improve tolerability over qd dosing.
Sequence Analysis and Serological Responses against Borrelia turicatae BipA, a Putative Species-Specific Antigen (2013)

These initial studies support the hypothesis that BipA is a spirochete antigen unique to a relapsing fever Borrelia species, and could be used to improve efforts for identifying B. turicatae endemic regions.
Analysis and Validation of a Population-Based Design of a Wound-Rotor Synchronous Machine (2012)

In recent research, a new magnetic equivalent circuit model and solution technique were developed to enable rapid calculation of the performance of wound-rotor synchronous machines. Herein, the development of a population-based design tool that utilizes the MEC is first described. The design tool is then applied to perform multiobjective optimization of a 2-kW portable power generator. Validation has been achieved through construction of a machine that was selected from the Pareto-optimal front (POF) of mass versus loss. Comparisons are made between designed and measured torque (instantaneous and average), open-circuit voltage, efficiency, and q- and d-axis flux linkages. This comparison is done in light of observations that the anhysteretic BH curve for the steel material obtained prior to and subsequent to machine construction have significant differences. Despite the variance, the measured and expected performances match reasonably well. Finally, an analysis of the machines on the POF is used to shed light on several interesting trends in design variables.
4H-SiC bipolar junction transistors: From research to development - A case study: 1200 V, 20 A, stable SiC BJTs with high blocking yield (2009)

In this paper, for the first time, large area SiC BJTs were fabricated on SiC wafers with reduced Basal Plane Dislocations (BPDs). We have demonstrated: (1) stable performance on 1200 V, 20 A SiC BJTs after long duration of electrical stress at different current densities up to 150 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ; (2) a blocking yield of ≫80% with low leakage current (≪20 nA at 1800 V) on 3″ wafers along with current gains in a range of 35–40. Both breakthroughs highlight the possibility for SiC BJTs to be commercialized and utilized in power electronics.
The workstation as a waystation:-integrating mobility into computing environments (2003)

With mobile computers, and increasingly mobile users, a new paradigm for integrated execution must be developed. An environment in which users may move freely among machines and may move machines freely from place to place, is described. In such an environment, a workstation is essentially a computer that temporarily provides windows and processing power to a user. The specific implications of mobility, i.e., window systems, process management, internet user naming, network software, and server reconfiguration are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Report on Seafood Toxins (1982)

Journal Article Report on Seafood Toxins Get access Edward P Ragelis Edward P Ragelis Division of Chemistry and Physics, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Volume 65, Issue 2, 1 March 1982, Pages 327–331, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/65.2.327 Published: 15 February 2020
Hyperparameter Optimization Machines (2016)

Algorithm selection and hyperparameter tuning are omnipresent problems for researchers and practitioners. Hence, it is not surprising that the efforts in automatizing this process using various meta-learning approaches have been increased. Sequential model-based optimization (SMBO) is ne of the most popular frameworks for finding optimal hyperparameter configurations. Originally designed for black-box optimization, researchers have contributed different meta-learning approaches to speed up the optimization process. We create a generalized framework of SMBO and its recent additions which gives access to adaptive hyperparameter transfer learning with simple surrogates (AHT), a new class of hyperparameter optimization strategies. AHT provides less time-overhead for the optimization process by replacing time-and space-consuming transfer surrogate models with simple surrogates that employ adaptive transfer learning. In an empirical comparison on two different meta-data sets, we can show that AHT outperforms various instances of the SMBO framework in the scenarios of hyperparameter tuning and algorithm selection.
Towards high‐throughput single cell/clone cultivation and analysis (2008)

In order to better understand cellular processes and behavior, a controlled way of studying high numbers of single cells and their clone formation is greatly needed. Numerous ways of ordering single cells into arrays have previously been described, but platforms in which each cell/clone can be addressed to an exact position in the microplate, cultivated for weeks and treated separately in a high-throughput manner have until now been missing. Here, a novel microplate developed for high-throughput single cell/clone cultivation and analysis is presented. Rapid single cell seeding into microwells, using conventional flow cytometry, allows several thousands of single cells to be cultivated, short-term (72 h) or long-term (10-14 days), and analyzed individually. By controlled sorting of individual cells to predefined locations in the microplate, analysis of single cell heterogeneity and clonogenic properties related to drug sensitivity can be accomplished. Additionally, the platform requires remarkably low number of cells, a major advantage when screening limited amounts of patient cell samples. By seeding single cells into the microplate it is possible to analyze the cells for over 14 generations, ending up with more than 10 000 cells in each well. Described here is a proof-of-concept on compartmentalization and cultivation of thousands of individual cells enabling heterogeneity analysis of various cells/clones and their response to different drugs.