gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationships between thrombopoiesis and erythropoiesis: with studies of the effects of preparations of thrombopoietin and erythropoietin (1976)

The effects of administration of partially purified human urinary erythropoietin and rabbit thrombopoietin, and of endogenously produced erythropoietin and thrombopoietin on both red cell and platelet production were examined in mice. Partially purified thrombopoietin was prepared from rabbit plasma by sequential fractionation with ammonium sulfate precipitation, and DEAE and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. Preparations of thrombopoietin and partially purified human urinary erythropoietin (NIH No. H-11-TaLSL) were administered subcutaneously to normal mice, and the rate of incorporation of selenomethionine-75 Se into platelets was measured as an index of thrombopoietic activity of the infused material. Erythropoietin and thrombopoietin were assayed for erythropoietic activity by measuring the rate of appearance of 59Fe in the red cells of posthypoxic polycythemic mice. Preparations containing thrombopoietin had barely measurable erythropoietic activity, and 7 units of partially purified erythropoietin had little thrombopoietic activity. When endogenous levels of erythropoietin were increased by hypoxia, platelet production was not enhanced. Similarly, increased levels of thrombopoietin, induced in response to thrombocytopenia produced by platelet antiserum, did not alter red cell production. These data suggest that physiologically increased levels of thrombopoietin do not stimulate erythropoiesis, and that physiologically increased levels of erythropoietn do not stimulate thrombopoiesis. However, currently available, partially purified preparations of erythropoietin and thrombopoietin may be capable of stimulating both platelet and red cell production if used in sufficient quantities.
Positive temperature coefficient resistance and humidity sensing properties of Cd-doped ZnO nanowires (2004)

Cd-doped ZnO nanowires in mass production were synthesized by evaporating metal zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) at 900 °C. Devices using the synthesized nanowires were fabricated on microstructured substrates. Cd-doped ZnO nanowires show a clear positive temperature coefficient of resistance effect, which is quite abnormal as compared to pure ZnO nanowires. At room temperature, resistance change of more than three orders of magnitude was measured when Cd-doped ZnO nanowire device was exposed to a moisture pulse of 95% relative humidity.
Attitudes and Types of Reaction Toward Past War Crimes and Human Rights Abuses (2004)

The importance of a reliable justice system and the rule of law is universally accepted. Nonetheless, controversy still surrounds the extent to which seeking justice for past war crimes and grave human rights abuses represents a precondition for-or an impediment to-the overall stability of post-conflict and transitional societies. Human rights advocates tend to regard the implementation of judicial norms and institutions as an omnipotent cure against war crimes and human rights abuses; diplomats and other peacemakers are far more skeptical, sometimes regarding justice as mere window-dressing or, worse, as a direct impediment to peace. Actual experience does not provide straightforward answers. Different societies have taken different paths to confront post-conflict and transition challenges-and have met with both success and shortcomings. Moreover "simple" transitions from a repressive regime to democracy (such as in Argentina, Chile, or El Salvador) should be distinguished from transitions following patterns of atrocity that had racial, religious, or ethnic underpinnings (such as in South Africa, Rwanda, Guatemala, or Bosnia and Herzegovina). This variety, however, should not discourage the international community from trying to identify possible patterns; to the contrary, richness of experience, if systemized, can illustrate more clearly the current state of international justice and, possibly, where it is going.
Androgen-Dependent Regulation of Human MUC1 Mucin Expression (2002)

MUC1 mucin is transcriptionally regulated by estrogen, progesterone, and glucocorticoids. Our objective was to determine whether androgen receptor (AR) activation regulates expression of MUC1. The following breast and prostatic cell lines were phenotyped and grouped according to AR and MUC1 protein expression: 1) AR+MUC1 + [DAR17+19 (AR transfectants of DU-145), ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-453, and T47D]; 2) AR-MUC1 + [DZeo1 (AR-vector control), DU-145, BT20, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7]; 3) AR+MUC1 - (LNCaP and LNCaP-r). Cell proliferation was determined using the MTT assay in the presence of synthetic androgen R1881, 0.1 microM to 1 microM. Cell surface MUC1 expression was determined by flow cytometry in the presence or absence of oestradiol, medroxy progesterone acetate or R1881, with and without 4 hydroxy-flutamide (4-OH), a nonsteroidal AR antagonist. The functional significance of MUC1 expression was investigated with a cell-cell aggregation assay. Only AR+MUC1 + cell lines showed a significant increase in MUC1 expression with AR activation (P (range) =.01 to .0001), reversed in the presence of 4-OHF. Cell proliferation was unaffected. Increased expression of MUC1 was associated with a significant (P (range) = .002 to .001) reduction in cell-cell adhesion. To our knowledge, this is the first description of androgen-dependent regulation of MUC1 mucin. This is also functionally associated with decreased cell-cell adhesion, a recognised feature of progressive malignancy. These findings have important implications for physiological and pathological processes.
Measuring crop residue cover (1981)

ABSTRACT: The photographic, meterstick, and line-transect methods of measuring the percentage of land covered with crop residue were evaluated by comparing residue cover on 10 Iowa fields farmed with conservation tillage. Although the line-transect method overestimated crop residue by 6 to 10 percent, variability in measurements proved less than with the photograph and meterstick methods. The line-transect method is preferable for field use, particularly if technicians are carefully trained in its use and in self-calibration so that overestimation of crop residue can be avoided.
Characterization of maleuric acid derivatives on transgenic human monoclonal antibody due to post‐secretional modifications in goat milk (2006)

A fully human antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha was expressed in the mammary glands of transgenic goats. The goat expressed antibody (gAb) is heterogeneous and has several isoforms due to typical cellular post-translational modifications. In addition, one post-secretional modification on gAb was discovered by high-resolution cation exchange chromatography (CIEX). The presence of these variants in the final product was shown to be dependent upon the initial milk storage and traditional purification methodologies used. These observations allow for the development of new sample recovery and purification processes to eliminate these variants. Various enzymatic treatments were used to characterize different gAb heavy chain C-terminal lysine and sialic acid variants. In addition, an unknown derivative with the additional mass of 140 Da was found in transgenic gAb using mass spectrometry (MS). The modification sites were identified as the N-termini of gAb light chains and heavy chains using Q-TOF MS. Characterization of transgenic gAb isoforms was facilitated by utilizing different enzymes, CIEX and MS techniques. A maleuric acid modification on the N-terminal portion of gAb was shown to be consistent with the available data characterizing this new derivative of transgenic gAb isoforms in goat milk.
RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria. (1993)

RNA editing in the mitochondrion of kinetoplastid protozoa results in the posttranscriptional addition and deletion of uridine residues in mRNAs. Editing of mRNAs can lead to the formation of initiation codons for mitochondrial translation, the correction of frame-shifted genes at the RNA level, and in extensively edited mRNAs, the formation of complete reading frames. Kinetoplastid RNA editing requires that genetic information from two or more separately transcribed genes be brought together to form the mature, edited mRNA. The information necessary for the proper insertion or deletion of uridines in the mRNA is present in small mitochondrial transcripts termed guide RNAs (gRNAs). Editing of mRNAs appears to be associated with a high molecular weight complex, called the editosome, containing specific gRNAs, unedited mRNAs, and proteins. Editing is likely a two-step process involving first the breakage of a phosphodiester bond at the editing site and formation of a chimeric molecule with a gRNA covalently joined to the 5' end of the 3' portion of an mRNA. The chimera is resolved by the rejoining of the 5' end of the mRNA to the 3' portion of the mRNA with the addition or deletion of a uridine at the junction point. Two models are proposed for the biochemical mechanism of RNA editing. The first is an enzymatic cascade of cleavage and ligation while the other supports successive rounds of transesterification. The obvious functional necessity for editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria is the formation of translatable mRNAs. Far less clear is the evolutionary origin of editing and the role editing plays in regulating mitochondrial gene expression.
Investigation of random lasers with resonant feedback (2001)

This paper presents a detailed experimental study of random lasers with resonant feedback. The dependences of the lasing threshold and the number of lasing modes on the transport mean free path, the pump area, and the sample size are measured. An analytical model based on the concept of quasistates is developed to explain the behaviors of random lasers.
Fibronectin-mediated attachment of hematopoietic cells to stromal elements in continuous bone marrow culture. (1983)

Hematopoiesis in continuous bone marrow culture is dependent upon close-range interaction between hematopoietic cells and marrow-derived adherent cells. The latter have been shown to include a significant proportion of fibroblastic elements, synthesizing the attachment protein fibronectin. The role of fibronectin in continuous bone marrow culture was therefore investigated. Continuous marrow cultures were stained by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase technique, using an affinity-purified anti-fibronectin antibody. The stained cultures were then examined by transmission electron microscopy for the presence of fibronectin at sites of cellular attachment. Fibronectin was detected on the substratum attachment surfaces of marrow-derived adherent cells and at sites of interaction between stromal elements in the adherent layer. Fibronectin was also detected at many attachment sites between marrow-derived adherent cells and developing granulocytes and monocytes. The possible significance of these observations is discussed in relation to the hematopoietic microenvironment.
Ion Beams and Laser Postionization for Molecule-Specific Imaging (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon Beams and Laser Postionization for Molecule-Specific ImagingNicholas WinogradCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 14, 622A–629APublication Date (Print):July 15, 1993Publication History Published online31 May 2012Published inissue 15 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00062a715https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00062a715research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An optimization-based production scheduling system: progress report (2002)

This is an update report on a project which embeds an optimization-based scheduling system into a traditional factory. The factory manufactures tanks for gas insulated switchgears. Mathematical aspects of an earlier version of the scheduler designed for this project has been reported in CDC '95. A lesson learned at a considerable cost has been the importance of methodical acquisition of problem specifications. Deployability of the present scheduling methodology to other factories has surfaced as an issue for the immediate future.
Membrane-Associated TGF-β1 Inhibits Human Memory T Cell Signaling in Malignant and Nonmalignant Inflammatory Microenvironments (2006)

TGF-beta1 is present on cells derived from the microenvironment of human lung tumors and nonmalignant inflammatory tissues. We establish that this cell-associated cytokine mediates hyporesponsiveness of the memory T cells in these microenvironments in situ by blocking TCR signaling. T cells derived from these tissues failed to translocate NF-kappaB to the nucleus in response to CD3 + CD28 cross-linking. This nonresponsiveness was reversed by an anti-TGF-beta1-neutralizing Ab. Refractoriness of the memory T cells to TCR activation was also reversed by the removal of TGF-beta1 by briefly pulsing the cells in a low pH buffer. Addition of exogenous TGF-beta1 to eluted T cells re-established their nonresponsive state. Neither TGF-beta1, anti-TGF-beta1 Ab, nor low pH affected TCR signaling potential of peripheral blood T cells. We conclude that TGF-beta1 mediates a physiologically relevant regulatory mechanism, selective for memory T cells present in the tumor microenvironment and nonmalignant chronic inflammatory tissues.
Short chain fatty acids ameliorate immune-mediated uveitis partially by altering migration of lymphocytes from the intestine (2017)

Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are metabolites of intestinal bacteria resulting from fermentation of dietary fiber. SCFA are protective in various animal models of inflammatory disease. We investigated the effects of exogenous administration of SFCAs, particularly propionate, on uveitis using an inducible model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Oral SCFA administration attenuated uveitis severity in a mouse strain-dependent manner through regulatory T cell induction among lymphocytes in the intestinal lamina propria (LPL) and cervical lymph nodes (CLN). SCFA also suppressed effector T cell induction in the CLN and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Alterations in intestinal morphology and gene expression demonstrated in the EAU model prior to the onset of uveitis were blunted by oral SCFA administration. Using a Kaede transgenic mouse, we demonstrated enhanced leukocyte trafficking between the intestine and the eye in EAU. Propionate suppressed T effector cell migration between the intestine and the spleen in EAU Kaede mice. In conclusion, our findings support exogenous administration of SCFAs as a potential treatment strategy for uveitis through the stabilization of subclinical intestinal alterations that occur in inflammatory diseases including uveitis, as well as prevention of trafficking of leukocytes between the gastrointestinal tract and extra-intestinal tissues.
Novel Gamma Tracker for Rapid Radiation Direction Detection for UAV Drone Use (2019)

The localization of radioactivity is an increasing topic of interest, both in the field of nuclear medicine and for environmental monitoring. We developed a gamma tracker prototype that is a small and handy object that can identify the direction of a radioactive source; it consists in more than one scintillation detecting elements with a cylindrical symmetry (40 mm height and 25 mm large) coupled with a position sensitive photo detecting matrix of SiPM; external crystals (LYSO, attenuation coefficient at 511 keV=0.86 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ) surround an internal one acting like an active collimation that shield the central detector (LaBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> :Ce or GAGG) and giving information about the radioactive source position. We firstly investigated spectrometric characteristics of the prototype detecting elements, irradiating the crystals with collimated <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">133</sup> Ba and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">57</sup> Co sources; LaBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> :Ce crystal show an excellent Energy Resolution (ER) (7.2% at 122 keV), while external detectors show a good shielding property and a good ER, adequate to reduce the diffuse radiation background. Finally, we explored the properties of whole detecting system (scintillating crystals + SiPM matrix); we found that the spectrometric properties are not compromised by the crystals coupling with the photo detecting means and that the identification of the radioactive source direction is possible with an accuracy of 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> .
Performance evaluation of dynamic supporting algorithms (2003)

The widely used performance measures for replicated file systems are file availability and reliability. The authors compare such measures for the dynamic supporting algorithm, the dynamic supporting (G) algorithm, and other algorithms, e.g., the available copies and the majority voting algorithms. Since replicas and votes are conceptually separated, the two dynamic supporting algorithms could achieve very high availability and reliability while still keeping storage cost very low, especially with only two replicas. Both stochastic analysis and simulation results are reported. The performance improvement of the dynamic supporting algorithms is demonstrated by the results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane and n-butane over alumina supported vanadium catalysts (2004)

Abstract- Structural properties of vanadium dispersed species on γ-A1203 are investigated with the scope to detect changes related with V loading in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane and n-butane. XPS, FTIR, and FTIR of absorbed pyridine were used to study the nature of vanadium supported species. Tetrahedral V5+ and probably V4+ species were detected. For vanadium loadings higher than 4.3 % wt octahedral species were also observed. In the n-butane ODH reaction, the selectivity to ODH products decreases when vanadium content increases. However, for propane ODH, the selectivity seems to be independent of vanadium loadings. Low oxygen/alkane feeding ratios favor selectivity to olefins. It is also shown that low V loading catalysts reach selectivities as good as best reported V-Mg-O catalyst.
Increased levels of circulating DNA in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases: A possible marker of disease activity in Sjögren’s syndrome (2011)

High levels of serum and/or plasma circulating DNA (cDNA) have been described in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs). However, the role of this molecule has not been clarified. Our aim was to evaluate plasma cDNA levels in 48 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 44 primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients, as compared with healthy and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subjects, and to analyse their correlation with disease activity, disease damage and clinical manifestations. Plasma DNA was extracted using Qiagen columns and quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Disease activity and damage were evaluated in both diseases by analysis of clinical and laboratory findings. Our results showed that plasma cDNA levels were significantly higher in patients with SS (mean ± SE: 32.0 ± 7.3 ng/ml) and with SLE (35.0 ± 9.0 ng/ml) than in controls (5.1 ± 1.1 ng/ml) (p < 0.0001 for both). Disease activity index correlated with cDNA levels in SS (p = 0.02), but not in SLE, and SS subjects with active disease displayed significantly higher cDNA levels with respect to inactive patients (p < 0.05). No correlation was found between plasma cDNA levels and disease damage indexes in either SLE or SS. These results indicate that increased plasma cDNA levels can been demonstrated in SLE and in SS patients with respect to healthy subjects. Interestingly, although cDNA levels did not correlate with indexes of disease damage in these disorders, a significant correlation between cDNA concentrations and disease activity was observed in SS, but not in SLE, suggesting a possible role of cDNA as non-invasive marker of disease activity. The different results obtained in these SADs may be explained by distinct disease pathogenesis or the influence of immunosuppressive and corticosteroid therapy that, unlike in SS, is usually employed in SLE.
Development of an isothermal amplification-based assay for the rapid visual detection of Salmonella bacteria (2017)

The efficient and timely detection of pathogens is a major concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to establish a rapid detection method for Salmonella bacteria in food samples to facilitate timely treatment. Widely used detection methods currently include culture-based methods and PCR-based methods. The former are time consuming, requiring 2 to 3 d, whereas the latter have higher accuracy but are typically complicated, requiring expertise and expensive instruments. In this study, a sensitive and rapid approach for the visual and point-of-use detection of Salmonella bacteria based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and a lateral-flow (LF) nucleic acid strip was established. We designed a pair of primers according to the invA gene of Salmonella bacteria: one was modified with digoxin, and the other was modified with biotin. In the presence of the biotin- and digoxin-modified primers and target DNA, the RPA produced a substantial amount of duplex DNA attached to biotin and digoxin. The products were detected using LF strips through immunoreaction: anti-digoxin antibodies on the gold nanoparticles, digoxin on the duplex, streptavidin on the LF test line, and biotin on the duplex. The developed RPA-LF assay allowed detection of Salmonella genomic DNA in less than 20 min with simple water bath equipment or portable thermal equipment. In addition, the RPA-LF assay was highly sensitive, with a detection limit as low as 20 fg of target DNA or 1.05 × 10<sup>1</sup> cfu of bacteria in pure culture, and highly specific, exhibiting no cross-reaction with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella, Enterobacter aerogenes, or Campylobacter jejuni. Importantly, Salmonella could be detected in milk and chicken breast at concentrations as low as 1.05 × 10<sup>0</sup> cfu/mL or 1.05 × 10<sup>0</sup> cfu/g after enrichment for 2 h and in eggs at 1.05 × 10<sup>0</sup> cfu/g after enrichment for 4 h. Furthermore, RPA was more sensitive than PCR, which requires a thermal cycling device. In summary, this study describes a sensitive, simple, and point-of-use detection method for Salmonella bacteria.
Biofuels and carbon offsets (2013)

Keywords: : carbon emissionsecosystem servicesenvironmental footprintlignocellulosic ethanolsoil degradationsoil quality