gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diabetes-induced functional and structural changes in insulin receptors from rat skeletal muscle. (1986)

The effect of diabetes on the structure and function of insulin receptors was studied in rats 7 d after streptozotocin injection, using solubilized, partially purified receptors from rat hindlimb muscles. Diabetes increased the number of insulin receptors per gram of muscle 60-70% without apparent change in insulin binding affinity. Incubation of receptors at 4 degrees C with [gamma-32P]ATP and insulin resulted in dose-dependent autophosphorylation of the beta-subunit on tyrosine residues; receptors from diabetic rats showed decreased base-line phosphorylation, as well as a decrease in autophosphorylation at maximally stimulating insulin concentrations. These receptors also showed diminished exogenous substrate kinase activity using histone H2b and angiotensin II as phosphoacceptors. The electrophoretic mobility (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of a subpopulation of beta-subunits derived from diabetics was slightly decreased; differences in electrophoretic mobility between control- and diabetic-derived beta-subunits were enhanced by generating fragments by partial Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease digestion. Endoglycosidase-H or neuraminidase treatment increased the electrophoretic mobility of beta-subunits in both groups, but only neuraminidase appeared to decrease or abolish differences in electrophoretic mobility between controls and diabetics, suggesting that excess sialilation may account, in part, for the altered mobility of diabetic derived beta-subunits. All structural and functional alterations in insulin receptors were prevented by treating diabetic rats with insulin for 60 h. Peripheral insulin resistance associated with insulinopenic diabetes may be related to modifications in insulin receptor structure, resulting in impaired signal transmission.
[Detection and prevalence of risk factors to develop chronic noninfectious diseases in the organized population group in West Siberia]. (2001)

Further studies are needed of CNID prevalence among railroad men. Measures of primary multifactor prevention should be designed and introduced to correct the above risk factors.
Excess Gastric Ulcers Are Associated With Alendronate Therapy (1998)

1 Department of Medicine Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Division of Molecular Virology Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX * Veterans Affairs Medical Center (111D), 2002 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030 Received April 09, 1998; accepted April 10, 1998.
Mammosphere Formation Assay from Human Breast Cancer Tissues and Cell Lines (2015)

Similar to healthy tissues, many blood and solid malignancies are now thought to be organised hierarchically, with a subset of stem-like cancer cells that self-renew while giving rise to more differentiated progeny. Understanding and targeting these cancer stem cells in breast cancer, which may possess enhanced chemo- and radio-resistance compared to the non-stem tumor bulk, has become an important research area. Markers including CD44, CD24, and ALDH activity can be assessed using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) to prospectively isolate cells that display enhanced tumorigenicity when implanted into immunocompromised mice: the mammosphere assay has also become widely used for its ability to retrospectively identify sphere-forming cells that develop from single stem cell-like clones. Here we outline approaches for the appropriate culturing of mammospheres from cell lines or primary patient samples, their passaging, and calculations to estimate sphere forming efficiency (SFE). First we discuss key considerations and pitfalls in the appropriate planning and interpretation of mammosphere experiments.
Welcome to BIOINFORMATION a data journal (2005)

Bioinformation describes the collection of biological data points on the molecular biology of cell structure, growth, development, differentiation, division and function. Collection of biological data points require simple to complex analysis of small, medium and large scale data describing cell structures and events. These data points are derived by knowledge discovery technologies of basic rules. Therefore, Bioinformation will act as a forum to discuss the mounting scientific imperative to study biological systems at multiple levels of cellular and molecular organization. In this process, it is important to standardize data representation, minimize data duplication and maximize cellular information for accurate knowledge accumulation. The generated knowledge will serve as input variables for biomedical modeling and simulation. I hope this forum will help to discuss the following issues in a fruitful manner. [1] standardize data formats, [2] debate on gene nomenclature, [3] derive new data points, [4] tease old data points using new data points, [5] glean new data points from old data points, [6] derive tertiary data points from secondary data points, [7] minimize data duplication, [8] maximize knowledge accumulation.
THE BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE OF INSULATION OIL UNDER THE INFLUENCES OF HUMIDITY, ACIDITY, PARTICLES AND PRESSURE (2007)

The breakdown voltage of mineral insulation oil was systematically investigated under the influences of moisture, acidity, pressure and particles. The standards IEC156/95 (VDE0370/Part5/96 and ASTM D1816) specified the test conditions. Moisture provides charge carriers, therefore a moisture saturation of 0 to 20 % decreases the breakdown voltage from 72 down to 61 kV. Acids as aging products decrease the dielectric strength too for the same reason. Not the total acid number TAN, but the low molecular acids effect the major decrease. Since the breakdown process starts with a microscopic bubble, an increasing pressure increases the breakdown voltage too. The observed asymptotic behaviour seems to come to a maximal end value of the breakdown voltage at around 150 kV. Under-inflation supports bubble generation, decreasing the dielectric withstand strength. Dry particles (cellulose fibres) decrease the breakdown voltage only at under-inflation, nearly no influence was observed at atmospheric pressure.
A practical method to reducing metal artifact for dental CT scanners (2008)

An integrated and effective metal artifact reduction method named Metal Erasing (ME) especially suited to dental applications is proposed. Layout of metals is identified as metal-only tomogram, using its characteristics of X-ray opacity and simple image processing technique of binarization together with backward projection. Metal-only sinogram is calculated by forward projection of the metal-only tomogram, and identifies corrupted areas on the original sinogram. The areas are then replaced by interpolation, and filtered back projection (FBP) produces a tomogram without figures of metals. The metals can be reproduced by overlaying already obtained metal-only tomogram utilizing linear characteristics of FBP. It is expected that the ME method can be incorporated into commercial CT scanners easily with reasonable computational overhead.
The visual variant of Alzheimer's disease (1993)

A 59-year-old man developed problems with reading and driving. When first examined, he had great difficulty locating and identifying items by sight. Visual acuity was normal, but contrast sensitivity for low spatial frequencies was severely impaired. The peripheral visual fields were moderately constricted with depressed flicker fusion frequencies, more on the right. Color identification was preserved. The difficulties in identifying and locating objects by sight were aggravated by increasing the complexity and multiplicity of the items in the field of vision and by changing the ambient illumination. Intellect and memory were relatively intact, except for difficulty with calculations. Over a 12-year course the visual defects steadily worsened, and eventually memory and language skills failed. Social manners, perseverance, and affect remained normal. Postmortem examination showed cortical atrophy, predominantly posterior, with abundant neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. The density of the tangles was correlated with the severity of the atrophy, being highest in the occipitoparietal areas and lowest in the frontal lobes. Alzheimer's disease can preferentially affect the posterior cerebral hemispheres and cause a dementia presenting with, and dominated by, visual disturbances.
The role of absorbing nonlinear optical chromophores in photorefractive polymers (1994)

Organic photorefractive materials have only recently been considered as alternatives to inorganic crystals such as lithium niobate, despite the fact that they offer possible advantages, such as mechanical flexibility, low fabrication costs, and the ability to chemically tune the properties of the material. The influence of the nonlinear optical chromophore on various phenomena observed in a photorefractive polymer is reported on the basis of a study of samples derived from poly( N ‐vinylcarbazole) sensitized with 2,4,7‐trinitro‐9‐ fluorenone.
Increasing Incidence of Multiply Recurrent <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection in the United States (2017)

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
Serine/Threonine Kinase Activity Associated with the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Lymphotoxin-β Receptor in HepG2 Cells (1997)

The lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LT-betaR) has been shown to be the receptor for the membrane-bound lymphotoxin heterotrimers LTalpha1/beta2 and LTalpha2/beta1. The extracellular domain of LT-betaR shows extensive similarity with members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, while its cytoplasmic domain is distinct and lacks any inherent enzymatic activity. This suggests that the interaction of LT-betaR with other molecules might be important for signal transduction. Here we demonstrate the association of a fusion protein, comprising glutathione S-transferase and the cytoplasmic domain of LT-betaR (GST-LT-betaR(CD)), with several proteins in the size range 29-80 kDa from HepG2 cell lysates. We present evidence that two of these proteins are serine/threonine kinases, which associate with amino acids 324-377 of the cytoplasmic domain of LT-betaR and phosphorylate this receptor. The characteristics of these novel kinases indicate that they are distinct from the previously described tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated kinases. This suggests the presence of novel signal transduction pathway(s) for LT-betaR.
Mitochondrial Damage Revealed by Morphometric and Semiquantitative Analysis of Mouse Pup Cardiomyocytes Following in Utero and Postnatal Exposure to Zidovudine and Lamivudine (2004)

Zidovudine (ZDV), an antiretroviral drug used alone or in combination with other antiretroviral agents to treat HIV-infected pregnant women and their newborn infants, effectively reduces mother-to-child transmission of the virus. That myopathy and cardiomyopathy, related to mitochondrial damage, develop in some adults chronically treated with ZDV has long been known; recently, reports have suggested that similar adverse effects may occur in some infants exposed perinatally. Using a mouse model of human neonatal exposure, we treated pregnant CD-1 mice twice daily with doses of 75 mg/kg ZDV plus 37.5 mg/kg lamivudine throughout gestation and lactation; pups were exposed by direct gavage beginning postnatal day (PND) 4 and sacrificed on PND 28. Hearts were removed rapidly, and ventricles were processed for electron microscopy. Morphometric and semiquantitative morphological analyses were performed on three micrographs from each of three blocks from each of three females and three males from the control and treated groups. Treated mice showed significant increases in the mean area and decreases in the mean number of cardiomyocytic mitochondria compared to controls. We observed clusters of damaged mitochondria more frequently in treated animals than in controls; damage included fragmentation and loss of cristae. These results, demonstrating alterations in cardiomyocytic mitochondria of mice exposed in utero and postnatally, may model cardiac damage reported in human infants similarly exposed to ZDV. Critical insights derived from animal-model data like these may be used to mitigate risks to thousands of human infants receiving essential lifesaving therapy with antiretroviral drugs.
Use of quantum dot nanocrystals for spectrally encoded optical data storage (2004)

In this paper, we demonstrate the spectral encoding capability of quantum dot nanocrystals (QDs). We mixed two different sizes of QDs in a resin, and two-photon excitation at various wavelengths showed that the relative intensities of the fluorescence from two QDs varied significantly. Such a difference in level of absorption at different wavelengths allows one to record information only on one size of QDs, without affecting the other sized QDs. This property can be applied to optical data storage, so that storage density can be greatly improved.
Insulated signal transfer in a half bridge driver IC based on coreless transformer technology (2004)

Signal transmission across an insulation barrier is a technical challenge in many applications. State of the art solutions use either optical devices (opto-couplers; fibre optics) or pulse transformers with a core. By integrating two planar coils on a silicon die, an inexpensive coreless transformer has been developed, that incorporates the advantages of a pulse transformer into an IC. This paper gives information on transmission behaviour, insulation capability and potential fields of application of the new technology.
P‐146: Highly Efficient Top Emitting White OLED Architecture for Micro‐display Applications (2010)

Abstract Very high current efficiency of 18.4 cd/A (conversion white efficiency 4 cd/A) for a single optical path top emitting WOLED and 15.8 cd/A conversion white efficiency for a multiple optical path top emitting WOLED has been successfully demonstrated. The VCRC (volume color reproduction capability) of these white OLEDs with color filters achieved 106% and 142% of sRGB, respectively.
Acetylcholine, Outer Hair Cell Electromotility, and the Cochlear Amplifier (1997)

The dominant efferent innervation of the cochlea terminates on outer hair cells (OHCs), with acetylcholine (ACh) being its principal neurotransmitter. OHCs respond with a somatic shape change to alterations in their membrane potential, and this electromotile response is believed to provide mechanical feedback to the basilar membrane. We examine the effects of ACh on electromotile responses in isolated OHCs and attempt to deduce the mechanism of ACh action. Axial electromotile amplitude and cell compliance increase in the presence of the ligand. This response occurs with a significantly greater latency than membrane current and potential changes attributable to ACh and is contemporaneous with Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. It is likely that increased axial compliance largely accounts for the increase in motility. The mechanical responses are probably related to a recently demonstrated slow efferent effect. The implications of the present findings related to commonly assumed efferent behavior in vivo are considered.
Regulation of the dopamine transporter (2010)

Dopaminergic signaling in the brain is primarily modulated by dopamine transporters (DATs), which actively translocate extraneuronal dopamine back into dopaminergic neurons. Transporter proteins are highly dynamic, continuously trafficking between plasmalemmal and endosomal membranes. Changes in DAT membrane trafficking kinetics can rapidly regulate dopaminergic tone by altering the number of transporters present at the cell surface. Various psychostimulant DAT ligands-acting either as amphetamine-like substrates or cocaine-like nontranslocated inhibitors-affect transporter trafficking, triggering rapid insertion or removal of plasmalemmal DATs. In this review, we focus on the effects of psychostimulants of addiction (particularly D-methamphetamine and cocaine) on DAT regulation and membrane trafficking, with an emphasis on how these drugs may influence intracellular signaling cascades and transporter-associated scaffolding proteins to affect DAT regulation. In addition, we consider involvement of presynaptic receptors for dopamine and other ligands in DAT regulation. Finally, we discuss possible implications of transporter regulation to the putative toxicity of several substituted amphetamine derivatives commonly used as recreational drugs, as well as to the design of therapeutics for cocaine addiction.
XXI (1943)

Urkundenfernen Künsten wie den Tänzen der Debarrier und politischen Bewegungen wie denen in Lippoldsburg stand Hofrat Dr. Hildebrand, Vater des Lutz, Hauptarchivar und Hofbibliothekar Seiner Durchlaucht, zumal sie sich in der Gegenwart abspielten, fassungslos gegenüber.
Equilibrium constants and the prediction of phase behavior for phenoxy blends with aliphatic polyesters (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibrium constants and the prediction of phase behavior for phenoxy blends with aliphatic polyestersMichael M. Coleman, Xiaoming Yang, Paul C. Painter, and John F. GrafCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 17, 4414–4424Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00043a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00043a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views178Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Dynamic Process of Development through Sport (2016)

This article presents a global vision for sport through a\nnew framework that incorporates the elements necessary\nfor a developmentally sound approach to youth sport\ninvolvement. This framework proposes that youth sport\ninvolvement includes three basic elements: (1) taking\npart in activities (what), while creating relationships\nwith others (who), in a specific setting (where). When\nthese three elements positively interact, it creates a\ncontext that, when repeated on a regular basis, leads\nto changes in the personal assets of the participants.\nChanges in individuals’ personal assets, such as\nCompetence, Confidence, Connection, and Character\n(4 C’s), have long been associated with positive sport\nexperiences, which in turn lead to long-term outcomes,\nincluding continued sport Participation, higher levels\nof Performance in sport, and Personal development\nthrough sport (3 P’s). Research linking the three basic\nelements of youth sport (activities, relationships, and\nsettings) to positive changes in personal assets (4 C’s)\nand long-term outcomes (3 P’s) are discussed and the\nPersonal Assets Framework is presented
Pyrazolodiazepines. 1,3-(and 2,3-) Dialkyl-4,6-dihydro-8-arylpyrazolo[4,3-e][1,4]diazepin-5-ones as antianxiety agents (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrazolodiazepines. 1,3-(and 2,3-) Dialkyl-4,6-dihydro-8-arylpyrazolo[4,3-e][1,4]diazepin-5-ones as antianxiety agentsHorace A. DeWald, Ivan C. Nordin, Yvon J. L'Italien, and Robert F. ParcellCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 12, 1346–1354Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00270a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00270a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. (2008)

The aim of this study was to compare 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever (UF)/bovine respiratory disease (BRD). At feedlot arrival, 3882 calves were enrolled in the study and randomly allocated to 2 groups, which were housed by group in 12 pens. At the time of allocation, 1 group (MLV3-BT2) received a multivalent, modified-live viral vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) and types I and II bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), as well as a Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) and Pasteurella multocida bacterin-toxoid. The other group (MLV4-BT1) received a vaccine containing IIBRV, type I BVDV, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza-3 virus, as well as a MH bacterin-toxoid. At an average of 69 days post arrival, the groups received their respective viral vaccines. The initial UF treatment, overall chronicity, overall wastage, overall mortality, and BRD mortality rates were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the MLV3-BT2 group than in the MLV4-BT1 group. Average daily gain and the proportions of yield grade Canada 3 and quality grade E carcasses were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the MLV3-BT2 group than in the MLV4-BT1 group. No significant (P > or = 0.05) difference in the dry matter intake to gain ratio was detected between the 2 groups. In economic terms, there was a net advantage of $20.86 CDN/animal in the MLV3-BT2 group. This study demonstrates that it is more cost effective to use an MLV3-BT2 vaccination program than a MLV4-BT1 vaccination program in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing UF/BRD.
Fiber-optic laser Doppler velocimeter using an external-cavity semiconductor laser (1984)

The performance of interferometric fiber-optic sensors depends on the spectral purity of light sources. Here we demonstrate the fiber-optic laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV)1 using an external-cavity semiconductor laser2 having a narrow spectral linewidth.