gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Replacement of Adenylate Cyclase Toxin in a Lineage of <i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i> (2008)

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a gram-negative respiratory pathogen that infects a wide range of hosts and causes a diverse spectrum of disease. This diversity is likely affected by multiple factors, such as host immune status, polymicrobial infection, and strain diversity. In a murine model of infection, we found that the virulence of B. bronchiseptica strains, as measured by the mean lethal dose, varied widely. Strain 253 was less virulent than the typically studied strain, RB50. Transcriptome analysis showed that cyaA, the gene encoding adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA), was the most downregulated transcript identified in strain 253 compared to that in strain RB50. Comparative genomic hybridization and genome sequencing of strain 253 revealed that the cya locus, which encodes, activates, and secretes CyaA, was replaced by an operon (ptp) predicted to encode peptide transport proteins. Other B. bronchiseptica strains from the same phylogenetic lineage as that of strain 253 also lacked the cya locus, contained the ptp genes, and were less virulent than strain RB50. Although the loss of CyaA would be expected to be counterselected since it is conserved among the classical bordetellae and believed to be important to their success, our data indicate that the loss of this toxin and the gain of the ptp genes occurred in an ancestral strain that then expanded into a lineage. This suggests that there may be ecological niches in which CyaA is not critical for the success of B. bronchiseptica.
242 nm continuous tuning from a GRIN-SC-MQW-BH InGaAsP laser in an extended cavity (1990)

Multiple quantum well (MQW) buried heterostructure (BH) lasers in the InGaAsP/InP system have been continuously tuned from 1320 nm to 1562 nm in a grating extended cavity. A power output of 45 mW was obtained at 1510 nm and 350 mA continuous current.
Efficiency Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Kenya: Evaluation and Policies (2012)

The objective of this paper is to determine the efficiency of manufacturing companies in Kenya over the period of 2009 to 2011 as well as suggesting appropriate policies to be employed by the manufacturing companies in Kenya based on the findings of the study. Three critical inputs variables (raw materials, staff expenses and plant and machinery) and two output variables (net sale and earnings after tax) are used to evaluate the relative efficiency of 30 manufacturing companies in Kenya. This study uses the two appropriate tools of analysis namely; Pearson correlation to indicate positive correlation between input and output variables and uses input approach of DEA model. Data is gathered from Kenya Association of Manufacturers database and these companies are categorized under large-sized (with assets above Kshs100 million), medium-sized (with assets between Kshs 40 million to Kshs100 million) and small-sized (with asset below Kshs 40 million).
The results indicate that small-sized company has the highest relative efficiency compared to medium-sized and large size company. In addition, the study finds that 1 large-sized company, 2 medium-sized companies and 3 small-sized companies operate under the most productive scale size throughout the three-year period. These results have important policy implications for the targeting policy prescriptions to increase manufacturing competitiveness to attain sustainable efficiency performance.
A Novel Framework for Context Based Distributed Focused Crawler (CBDFC) (2010)

Focused crawling aims to search only the relevant subset of the WWW for a specific topic of user interest; leading to the necessity to decide about the relevancy of a document to the topic of interest; especially when the user is not perfect in specifying the exact context of the topic. This paper provides a novel framework of a context based distributed focused crawler that maintains an index of web documents pertaining to the context of keywords resulting in storage of more related documents.
Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist blocks somnogenic and pyrogenic responses to an interleukin 1 fragment. (1992)

Previously it was shown that human interleukin 1 (huIL-1) and a huIL-1 fragment, huIL-1 beta 208-240, are somnogenic and pyrogenic in rabbits. However, the amino acid sequences for IL-1 are species-specific and it was unknown whether rabbit (rb) IL-1 beta 208-240 and rat (rt) IL-1 beta 208-240 were active in their respective species. Furthermore, it was unknown whether these fragments elicited their effects via the IL-1 receptors. Two doses of rbIL-1 beta 208-240 (6.0 and 12.0 nmol) were intracerebroventricularly administered to rabbits. The 6.0-nmol dose had little effect, whereas the 12.0-nmol dose greatly increased non-rapid-eye-movement sleep across a 6-hr recording period and induced a febrile response. Rats injected intracerebroventricularly with rtIL-1 beta 208-240 at dark onset responded to three doses of the peptide (1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 nmol). The 1.2-nmol dose did not greatly affect sleep but did induce a moderate febrile response. The 2.4- and 4.8-nmol doses increased non-rapid-eye-movement sleep across the 12-hr recording period. Maximal brain temperature elevations relative to controls after the 2.4- and 4.8-nmol doses of the peptide were 0.9 +/- 0.2 degrees C and 0.7 +/- 0.2 degrees C, respectively. These responses in both rabbits and rats were completely blocked or significantly attenuated when the animals were pretreated with an IL-1 receptor antagonist. These results suggest that the biological activities of IL-1 beta 208-240 are mediated via the IL-1 beta receptors.
Bovine leukemia virus. VII. In vitro replication of virus in bat lung cell culture NBL BLV 2. (1989)

Bat lung cell culture NBL 12 Tb 1 Lu chronically infected with cell free bovine leukemia virus (BLV), designed by NBL BLV 2, produces virus proteins and showed the presence of cells with the BLV antigens as well as BLV-induced syncytia for more than 11 years. Virus replication was abundant and increased with passage in NBL BLV 2 cell line and was moderate but decreased with passage in fetal lamb splenic cell line chronically infected with BLV (FLS NI 1228). The amount of virus proteins released in culture fluid by NBL BLV 2 cultures growing on roller bottle was 32.6-37.5 micrograms/ml, 42.7 micrograms/ml at passage 16-19 and 24-28, respectively. Studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that the virus protein production of NBL BLV cultures was 12.5 micrograms/ml in Falcon flasks (static), 26.3-52.8 micrograms/ml in roller bottle (rolling), 60.2 micrograms/ml in roller bottle with microcarriers and 9.82 microcarriers suspension (fermentor) as monolayer cell culture systems. On the monolayer cultures tested NBL BLV 2 cell line showed a progressive increase of virus production that reached high levels, for over 8 years and continues to release large amounts of virus. NBL BLV 2 cell line is also free of adventitious agents, it is easy to maintain and contains only small amount of cell debris, it provides a suitable source of cell free and cell associated bovine leukemia virus for research and production purposes.
KNOWING THE PATIENT: The Route to Individualized Care (1996)

Provision of individualized care is dependent on knowing the patient as a person. Three factors contributed to individualized care: congruent societal and health care values; commonalities of patient needs in all settings; and primacy of caring through knowing the patient. Role modeling by mature nurses appears to have been of prime importance in the transmission of this way of nursing.
Demonstration of Net Gain in an Erbium Chloride Silicate Single Nanowire Waveguide (2014)

Absorption coefficient of erbium chloride silicate nanowire is studied by monitoring the decay of upconversion emission from a single nanowire waveguide. 30 dB/cm low bound for the net gain is demonstrated for erbium chloride silicate.
Further characterization of the putative human isopeptidase T catalytic site (2002)

The human isopeptidase T (isoT) is a zinc-binding deubiquitinating enzyme involved in the disassembly of free K48-linked polyubiquitin chains into ubiquitin monomers. The catalytic site of this enzyme is thought to be composed of Cys335, Asp435, His786 and His795. These four residues were site-directed mutagenized. None of the mutants were able to cleave a peptide-linked ubiquitin dimer. Similarly, C335S, D435N and H795N mutants had virtually no activity against a K48-linked isopeptide ubiquitin dimer, which is an isoT-specific substrate that mimics the K48-linked polyubiquitin chains. On the other hand, the H786N mutant retained a partial activity toward the K48-linked substrate, suggesting that the His786 residue might not be part of the catalytic site. None of the mutations significantly affected the capacity of isoT to bind ubiquitin and zinc. Thus, the catalytic site of UBPs could resemble that of other cysteine proteases, which contain one Cys, one Asp and one His.
Detection of Cancer Stem Cells from the C6 Glioma Cell Line (2009)

Various malignant cancers have been found to contain a sub-population of stem cell-like tumour cells, or cancer stem cells (CSCs), however, culture methods for CSCs and the size of the fraction of CSCs in C6, which is a commonly used glioma cell line, remain controversial. In this study, we demonstrated that the C6 cell line contains a fraction of tumour cells that can form tumour spheres in a simplified serum-free neural stem cell medium and express CD133 and nestin, which are widely-used markers for brain CSCs. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence confirmed the existence of CSCs both in the C6 cell line and C6 xenografts. Flow cytometry demonstrated that 4.02% of cells in the C6 cell line and 4.21% in the C6 xenografts presented as CSCs. These results confirm the fraction of CSCs in the C6 cell line and provide a simple and effective method for isolation of CSCs to study the initiation and progression of human glioma and, possibly, other malignant tumours.
Connecting Worlds. Fantasy Role-Playing Games, Ritual Acts and the Magic Circle (2005)

From a cultural history and game theoretical perspective my work focuses on the relationship between the fantasy subculture, fantasy role-playing games and the daily life of their participants in the Netherlands. Main research themes are the construction of game/play space and identities. Within this context I elaborate in this paper on the usefulness of the term magic circle (Johan Huizinga). I will argue why in game research the current use of the term magic circle is problematic. We can understand the term differently when returning to the context in which Huizinga introduced the magic circle as ritual play-ground. According to him ritual is play and play is ritual. Referring back to his work Homo Ludens (1938) I will discuss the various relationships between role-play and ritual performance. I will argue that fantasy role-playing consists of collections of performances or ritual acts, in which players construct the game/play space, identities and meaning.
High dose cytarabine: a review. (1988)

High dose cytarabine (HDARAC) therapy is used increasingly to treat hematologic malignancies. Recent data indicate that HDARAC at doses of 2-3 g/M2 every 12 hr x 10-12 doses is of comparable or greater efficacy in remission induction as standard doses of cytarabine in acute myelogenous leukemia. HDARAC can also produce remissions in individuals resistant to conventional doses. HDARAC-containing regimens are reported to result in substantially higher long-term, disease-free survival than previous approaches to post-remission therapy, but this has not yet been confirmed in controlled trials. HDARAC is also active in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Because intravenous HDARAC achieves high levels in the spinal fluid, it is useful to treat central nervous system leukemia and may provide adequate CNS prophylaxis in acute lymphocytic leukemia. HDARAC is reported to be active in advanced non-Hodgkin lymphomas and chronic myelogenous leukemia in acute phase; optimal use in these settings is under study. HDARAC has also been combined with other drugs. Randomized trials are needed to determine whether these combinations are more effective than HDARAC alone. Apart from potent myelosuppression, the dose-limiting toxicity of HDARAC is cerebellar damage. This occurs with increased frequency in patients greater than 50 years old. HDARAC is active in hematologic malignancies and may further improve therapeutic results if combined with other drugs.
Serum S100B levels in patients with cerebral and extracerebral infectious disease (2004)

S100B has been shown to increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum after various neurological diseases and it has been postulated that S100B could serve as a serum marker for brain damage. However there is limited information concerning serum S100B levels in infectious diseases of the brain. Blood samples were collected from patients at the Department of Infectious Diseases at or soon after admission. The different diagnoses studied were bacterial meningitis, pneumonia, viral meningitis, cerebral abscess, enteritis, erysipelas, viral encephalitis and neuroborreliosis. A serum S100B level > 0.15 microg/l was defined as increased. 57 patients were included in the study. S100B was elevated in 33% of patients (19/57). 73% (8/11) of patients with bacterial meningitis showed increased levels compared to 7% (1/14) of patients with viral meningitis. Viral encephalitis showed the highest mean S100B levels (mean 0.58 microg/l). 25% (6/24) of patients with extracerebral infections showed raised S100B levels. S100B levels were generally higher in patients with cerebral infections than in extracerebral infections. However, both false negative and false positive S100B levels were observed which may limit the use of S100B as a brain specific serum marker.
Comparing SFA and DEA methods on measuring production efficiency for forest and paper companies (2005)

In this study, stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and data envelope analysis (DEA) are introduced to measure and compare the technical efficiency scores for 79 forest and paper companies. To recognize the environmental effects on the DEA technical efficiency scores, the two-stage DEA was also applied in order to compare any differences in the rank order. The average technical efficiency scores were 0.788 and 0.706 by SFA and DEA, respectively. The highest average efficiency scores, using these two methods, were 0.884 and 0.919 in Japan, respectively. Moreover, the lowest average efficiency scores were 0.608 and 0.396 in Latin America. Although slight differences exist in the scores obtained from these two methods, the highest and lowest relative efficiency ranking for forest and paper companies remain the same. The tests of the rank order correlation were all statistically significant among the SFA, the DEA, and the two-stage DEA methods. The results suggest that policy makers and analysts can be at ease when employing these methods to identify the relative efficiency scores for forest and paper companies.
The chemistry of the gold drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (1980)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Optimize the Effectiveness of Recruiting Campaigns (2019)

Abstract. Recruiting marketing plays an important role in the talent acquisition strategy today. To find the best candidates, companies make substantial investments through numerous recruiting agencies, job boards, and internal systems such as Indeed, LinkedIn, Monster, Talent Communities. In this paper we obtained a company’s LinkedIn Job Posting data to try to predict the number of visits they will receive for each job posting based on the time of the year it is posted. We compare AR(1), AR(2), AR(52), MA(1), and ARMA(1, 1) time series methods to a baseline of a persistence model. We found that out of these 5 models, AR(2) provided the best predictive power in terms of Test MSE and AIC. However, none of the models were practically significant compared to the naïve persistence model.
On-line rail defect diagnosis with differential eddy current probes and specific detection processing (2003)

This paper presents a non destructive evaluation system for rail inspection with a device embedded in a subway train. The difficult operating conditions lead to the design of a specific double-coils and double-frequencies sensor that delivers 8 complementary signals. After the presentation of the technological solution, the paper deals with the detection of minor defects and presents three approaches: the first one is a time heuristic approach, the second one is based on wavelet basis projections, and the last one implements an inverse filtering which allows the transformation of the differential probe outputs into estimated absolute ones. The methods are validated statistically on a labeled defect data set with the help of ROC curves.
Deletions at chromosome regions 7q11.23 and 7q36 in a patient with Williams syndrome (2001)

We report on a patient with Williams syndrome and a complex de novo chromosome rearrangement, including microdeletions at 7q11.23 and 7q36 and additional chromosomal material at 7q36. The nature of this additional material was elucidated by spectral karyotyping and first assigned to chromosome 22. Subsequent fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments showed that it consisted of satellite material only. Refinement of the 7q36 breakpoint was performed with several FISH probes, showing a deletion distal to the triphalangeal thumb (TPT) region. The phenotype of the patient principally results from the microdeletion of the 7q11.23; the small deletion at 7qter and the extra satellite material may not be of clinical significance.
A Microcomputer Program (sf36.exe) that Generates SAS Code for Scoring the SF-36 Health Survey (1996)

This paper describes a microcomputer, SF36.EXE, that generates SAS® code for scoring one of the most widely used measures of health-related quality of life today, the SF-36 Health Survey. The SF-36 Health Survey measures eight health concepts: physical functioning, bodily pain, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitations due to personal or emotional problems, emotional well-being, social functioning, energy/fatigue, and general health perceptions. The generated SAS code derives the 8 SF-36 scales as well as the SF-36 physical and mental health composite scores. In addition, the program produces code that provides US general population normative scores, age and gender adjusted to one’s sample. The significance of the difference between the sample and the general population on each SF-36 scale score is also generated. Example input and output files are included.
Molten carbonate electrolytes as acid-base solvent systems (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolten carbonate electrolytes as acid-base solvent systemsGeorge J. Janz Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 10, 581Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1967Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1967Published inissue 1 October 1967https://doi.org/10.1021/ed044p581RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views204Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (7 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Possible beneficial effect of fish and fish n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast and colorectal cancer (1999)

Breast and colorectal cancer are main causes of death in industrialized countries. In these cancers dietary factors appear to play beneficial or adverse roles. One of the possible beneficial factors may be fish intake or the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish, as found in epidemiological and clinical studies. In population studies, high intake of fish during many years is associated with reduced risks of breast and colorectal cancer. Prospective and case-control studies either do not show an association between fish intake and cancer risks or show reduced risks at high fish intakes. In these studies, fish consumption may have been too low or may not reflect fish consumption over a longer period. In population, case-control, and prospective studies, fish and fish n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were not found to increase cancer risks. Clinical studies on markers of colorectal cancer indicate that fish n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may reduce cancer risk. In several studies in which the effect of fish consumption on cancer risk was investigated, meat and meat products were positively related to cancer risk, suggesting that cancer risks might be reduced more effectively when meat and meat products in meals are replaced by fish. In conclusion, the existing knowledge suggests that an increase in the consumption of fish and fish n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in industrialized countries may contribute to lower breast and colorectal cancer risks.
Uncovering hidden brain state dynamics that regulate performance and decision-making during cognition (2018)

Human cognition is influenced not only by external task demands but also latent mental processes and brain states that change over time. Here, we use novel Bayesian switching dynamical systems algorithm to identify hidden brain states and determine that these states are only weakly aligned with external task conditions. We compute state transition probabilities and demonstrate how dynamic transitions between hidden states allow flexible reconfiguration of functional brain circuits. Crucially, we identify latent transient brain states and dynamic functional circuits that are optimal for cognition and show that failure to engage these states in a timely manner is associated with poorer task performance and weaker decision-making dynamics. We replicate findings in a large sample (N = 122) and reveal a robust link between cognition and flexible latent brain state dynamics. Our study demonstrates the power of switching dynamical systems models for investigating hidden dynamic brain states and functional interactions underlying human cognition.