gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Some Substances on the Formation of Inulin Fructotransferase in<i>Arthrobacter ureafaciens</i> (1983)

The synthesis of inulin fructotransferase (IFT) in A. ureafaciens occurred specifically at the transitional phase between the lag and exponential phases of cell growth and it was induced in the presence of di-d-fructofuranose 1,2′: 2,3′' dianhydride (DFA III). The formation was repressed by addition of d-glucose, and restored by addition of cyclic adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate. The inductive formation of extracellular IFT was stopped by addition of either procaine, a neuroactive drug which inhibits the processing of extracellular protein, or cerulenin, an antibiotic which blocks lipid synthesis. The formation of the cell-bound form, on the contrary, was not suppressed by these substances. Lower concentrations of β-phenethyl alcohol, a membrane-modifying agent, stimulated the synthesis of the extracellular and cell-bound IFT’s without modification of the enzyme. On the basis of these results, the modes of extracellular and cell-bound IFT syntheses in this microorganism were discussed.
Study of brushless doubly-fed control for VSCF wind power generation system connected to grid (2008)

A whole model for brushless doubly-fed wind generation system is presented and the model in includes wind turbine, gear-box and brushless doubly-fed machine(BDFM). Starting from d-q model of rotor under reference coordinate, a mathematical model of BDFM based on synchronous coordinates is researched. For the power system, a new model adapting to analyze the power system is gained by neglecting the electromagnetic transient change. According to the characteristics of BDFM and adopting flux linkage oriented vector transformation control technology, a new type of control for brushless doubly-fed VSCF wind power generation system connected to grid is developed. The doubly-fed control is adopted in this system, and the voltage compensate is avoiding for the PWM current-tracing control is used in the inner ring. By means of controlling the control winding of wind turbine this control system the AC excitation is implemented, and then the decoupling control of active and reactive power is realized, eventually the generating operation mode with high efficiency that can capture maximal wind energy is come true. Simulation results verify the availability and validity of the proposed control strategy.
The Orexigenic Effect of Ghrelin Is Mediated through Central Activation of the Endogenous Cannabinoid System (2008)

Ghrelin did not induce an orexigenic effect in CB1-knockout mice. Correspondingly, both the genetic lack of CB1 and the pharmacological blockade of CB1 inhibited the effect of ghrelin on AMPK activity. Ghrelin increased the endocannabinoid content of the hypothalamus in wild-type mice and this effect was abolished by rimonabant pre-treatment, while no effect was observed in CB1-KO animals. Electrophysiology studies showed that ghrelin can inhibit the excitatory inputs on the parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus, and that this effect is abolished by administration of a CB1 antagonist or an inhibitor of the DAG lipase, the enzyme responsible for 2-AG synthesis. The effect is also lost in the presence of BAPTA, an intracellular calcium chelator, which inhibits endocannabinoid synthesis in the recorded parvocellular neuron and therefore blocks the retrograde signaling exerted by endocannabinoids. In summary, an intact cannabinoid signaling pathway is necessary for the stimulatory effects of ghrelin on AMPK activity and food intake, and for the inhibitory effect of ghrelin on paraventricular neurons.
Cardiac responses to moderate training in rats (1977)

Left ventricular (LV) performance was studied in 30 rats conditioned by swimming and in 27 sedentary controls. Hearts were studied in the open chest both during sinus rhythm and during atrial pacing. Afterload was increased by occlusion of the aorta. Sinus rates were 328 beats/min in sedentary and 300 in conditioned animals (P less than 0.01). During ejection (E), peak left ventricular systolic pressure (PLVSP) and maximum LV dP/dt were significantly higher in conditioned than in sedentary animals. When data from hearts matched for similar heart rates were compared, increased LV performance was still seen during aortic obstruction in conditioned animals. Performance at pacing rates up to 400 beats/min was similar in hearts from conditioned and sedentary animals. At pacing rates above 400 beats/min cardiac performance was less in sedentary than in the conditioned animals. These data illustrate that although base-line cardiac performance may be the same in rats conditioned by a moderate swimming program and in sedentary animals, cardiac reserve is improved by the swimming program.
Hypothesis-Driven Candidate Gene Association Studies: Practical Design and Analytical Considerations (2009)

Candidate gene association studies (CGAS) are a useful epidemiologic approach to drawing inferences about relations between genes and disease, especially when experimental data support the involvement of specific biochemical pathways. The value of CGAS is apparent when allele frequencies are low, effect sizes are small, or the study population is limited or unique. CGAS is also valuable for validating previous reports of genetic associations with disease in different populations. Despite the many advantages, the information generated from CGAS is sometimes compromised because of either inefficient study design or suboptimal analytical approaches. Here the authors discuss issues related to the study design and statistical analyses of CGAS that can help to optimize their usefulness and information content. These issues include judicious hypothesis-driven selection of biochemical pathways, genes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, as well as appropriate quality control and analytical procedures for measuring main effects and for evaluating environmental exposure modifications and interactions. A study design algorithm using the example of DNA repair genes and cancer is presented for purposes of illustration.
Comparative study of sinoaortic denervated rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (2003)

These results indicate that hypertension may be more important than high BPV in causing left ventricular hypertrophy, and that the aorta may be more sensitive to substantially high BPV.
Catalytically Active Forms of the Individual Subunits of Vibrio harveyi Luciferase and Their Kinetic and Binding Properties (1995)

Contradictory findings have recently been reported regarding the (in)abilities of individual subunits of the Vibrio harveyi alpha beta dimeric luciferase to catalyze bioluminescence. We have produced individual alpha and beta subunits separately in Escherichia coli JM109 cells by recombinant DNA techniques. Both subunits were purified to more than 90% homogeneity and found to be catalytically active, with their general catalytic properties and the specific activities similar to those reported earlier (Sinclair, J. F., Waddle, J. J., Waddill, E. F., and Baldwin, T. O. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 5036-5044). Individual subunits were significantly distinct from the native luciferase with respect to inactivations by trypsin and N-ethylmaleimide, and the stability of the flavin 4a-hydroperoxide intermediate. The active species in isolated alpha and beta samples were each the predominant protein species, corresponding to a 42,000 M(r) alpha monomer and a 67,000 M(r) beta dimer, respectively. These findings clearly indicate that the activities of the individual subunits are not due to trace contaminations of the respective counter subunits. The much reduced specific activities of the individual subunits are, in part, a consequence of diminished abilities to oxidize the aldehyde substrate. Kinetic and equilibrium measurements indicate that alpha and beta 2 each contained a reduced flavin site, an aldehyde substrate site, and an aldehyde inhibitor site. The on and off rates of the decanal inhibitor binding were substantially slower than the bindings of decanal and reduced riboflavin 5'-phosphate substrates. These findings are consistent with a scheme that the aldehyde inhibitor blocks the binding of the reduced flavin substrate.
Effect of Oiling, Packaging Materials and Addition of CO2 on Quality of Shell Eggs Held in Storage (1959)

IN CANADA only one process is recognized and used with any degree of success in the storage of eggs for long holding periods. The process is simply the immersion of the eggs in a colourless, odourless, tasteless mineral oil for several seconds, following which the eggs are drained, packed and stored in cold storage rooms maintained at a temperature of 30°F.±1° and a relative humidity of 80%±5%. There are certain disadvantages associated with the present oil processing method. Oil processed eggs placed in storage, pick up foreign odours readily, and as a consequence no other product can be stored in the same room. Another undesirable feature is that numerous handlings of the eggs are required in the oil processing procedure. These handlings, along with temperature changes encountered during oil processing, tend to lower the quality of the eggs to be stored. A review of the literature revealed little experimentation with …
Designing communication subsystems for high-speed networks (1992)

Is shown that system structure and implementation of a communication subsystem are vital elements in high-throughput protocol implementation. A well-structured and carefully implemented subsystem can exploit high-speed transmission links and preserve their speed up to the application. The issues of memory management and organization are presented as examples. Support for data movement and processing overlap, and intelligent DMA, two alternatives for the communication subsystem to achieve higher performance and scale to higher-speed links, are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Time-Dependent Study of Vacuum-Ultraviolet Emission in Argon (1972)

A 250-keV pulsed electron accelerator was constructed for the excitation of noble gases, so that resonance radiation and continuous emission could be studied under conditions of good geometry with vacuum-ultraviolet spectroscopic techniques. For argon gas, time-dependent studies were carried out at the wave lengths of the $^{1}P_{1}$ resonance line, the $^{3}P_{1}$ resonance line, the 1100-\AA{} continuum, and the 1250-\AA{} continuum over a wide range of gas pressures. The $^{1}P_{1}$ resonance line decays exponentially with a lifetime which seems to be governed by the escape of resonance radiation to the walls of the apparatus and by three-body destruction of resonance states. The 1100-\AA{} continuum, on the other hand, decays exponentially with a lifetime more characteristic of two-body Franck-Condon collisions. The main continuum near 1250 \AA{} reaches a maximum well after the pulse of exciting electrons is terminated and then decays with a lifetime which is very long at low pressure but decreases to a constant value of 2.8 \ensuremath{\mu}sec at high pressures(about 1000 torr). From the data we suggest that the $^{1}P_{1}$ states, which are richly populated with charged particles, are converted to argon metastable molecules and these in turn are converted by collisions to a molecule which radiates the 1250-\AA{} continuum with the 2.8-\ensuremath{\mu}sec lifetime. Better fitting to the time-dependent emission at 1250 \AA{} is obtained by also including the known channel starting with $^{3}P_{2}$ metastable atoms which are converted to a radiating molecule by three-body collisions.
Effects of Surface Pretreatment of Glassy Carbon on the Electrochemical Behavior of V(IV)/V(V) Redox Reaction (2016)

This paper provides a systematic approach to investigate the reaction of V(IV)/V(V) redox couple and mainly focuses on the effect of surface roughness and functional groups derived from the pre-treatment on the electrochemical behavior of glassy carbon in V(IV)/V(V) solutions. 600-grit, 1200-grit and 4000-grit SiC sandpapers were utilized to change the roughness of the electrode surfaces. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) within different potential ranges were applied in advance to alter oxygen functional groups on the electrode surface as well as surface roughness. CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were then used to investigate the electrode behavior in 1 M V(IV)/V(V) (1:1) solution on glassy carbon electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to characterize the surface roughness. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was adopted to analyze the surface oxygen functional groups. It is shown that polishing and CV scans within different potential ranges can vary the electrochemical response of glassy carbon to V(IV)/V(V) couples significantly. Increased surface roughness is seen to be beneficial for the redox reaction while oxygen functional groups such as C=O and C-O-C tends to reduce the activity of glassy carbon.
Casts in the Urine Sediment (2001)

Casts are the result of solidification of material (protein) in the lumen of the kidney tubules, more specifically in the nephron. Once formed, these molds (or casts) of the tubule are eliminated via the urine and may be seen in the urine sediment. Such structures are extremely important clinically, as they show the conditions in the nephron where they were formed. They may be considered to represent a biopsy of the kidney. If a cast is seen in the urine, kidney disease or in
A study of the distortion and propagation time‐delay of Loran‐C pulse wave based on a model of the propagation path (1992)

Abstract The main cause of the absolute positioning error in the Loran‐C system is in the occurrence of the propagation time delay error caused by the fact that the propagation speed of the pulse signal on the actual propagation path is different from that assumed in the formation of the Loran‐C maritime chart. The propagation path characteristics not only cause the propagation time delay of each received pulse signal but also generates waveform distortion in the received pulse. Hence, it is possible to estimate the propagation delay time by means of this waveform distortion. At present, a measure of the distortion of the pulse waveform distortion of the Loran‐C is envelope to cycle difference (ECD). In this paper, as a new measure for the pulse‐wave distortion to estimate the propagation time delay, CHACLE, or change of half‐cycle length, is proposed. A method for correction of the absolute positioning error is provided based on the estimation of the propagation time delay from the measures of the wave‐form distortion (CHACLE and ECD) by means of the simplified propagation path for an easy analysis and of the general propagation path. It is demonstrated that CHACLE is superior to ECD in terms of the effect of correction. Further, to confirm the validity of the correction method proposed in this paper, the present method is applied to a propagation path model resembling the mixed propagation path used in the United States to estimate the pulse time delay. It is confirmed that the absolute positioning error can be reduced to less than about 20 percent.
Self-characterization of Combinatorial Circuit Delays in FPGAs (2007)

This paper proposes a built-in self-test (BIST) method to measure accurately the combinatorial circuit delays on an FPGA. The flexibility of the on-chip clock generation capability found in modern FPGAs is employed to step through a range of frequencies until timing failure in the combinatorial circuit is detected. In this way, the delay of any combinatorial circuit can be determined with a timing resolution of 1 ps or lower. A parallel implementation of the method for self-characterization of the delay of all the LUTs on an FPGA is also proposed. The method was applied to an Altera Cyclone-II FPGA (EP2C35). A complete self-characterization was achieved in 3 seconds, utilizing only 13 kbit of block RAM to store the results. This self-characterization method paves the way for matching timing requirements in designs to FPGAs as a means of combating the problem of process variations.
Modulation of membrane fusion by ionotropic and thermotropic phase transitions (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModulation of membrane fusion by ionotropic and thermotropic phase transitionsNejat Duzgunes, Jacques Paiement, Karl B. Freeman, Ninfa G. Lopez-Straubinger, Jan Wilschut, and Demetrios PapahadjopoulosCite this: Biochemistry 1984, 23, 15, 3486–3494Publication Date (Print):July 17, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 17 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00310a016https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00310a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fluorescent Dye Assay for Detection of DNA in Recombinant Protein Products (1997)

A homogeneous fluorescence-based DNA detection system has been developed to measure DNA in protein solutions. The technique relies on the increase in fluorescence of a dye molecule when it intercalates into double-stranded (ds) DNA. The increased fluorescence is a direct measurement of the amount of DNA in the sample. The analysis time required per sample is less than 5 min. The dye has absorbance and emission maxima at 485 and 530 nm, respectively. The assay is linear from 98 pg/mL to 200 ng/mL of DNA in buffers containing no proteins with typical relative standard deviation values of less than 2.4%. The assay performance was evaluated under various matrix conditions, including buffers, pH, ionic salts, detergents, denaturants and organic solvents. Each reagent was tested at several concentrations to determine how the slope and linearity (r value) of the standard curve were affected. Even in the presence of matrix components and protein, the assay was able to quantitatively detect picogram to nanogram levels of DNA. The fluorescence can be removed by DNase treatment. This method is specific for dsDNA with RNA emitting less than 2% intensity of an equivalent mass of DNA.
A Novel Filtering and Fusion Algorithm for Sequence Image Matching Navigation (2008)

In order to improve the reliability and matching precision of image matching navigation system, a novel filtering and fusion algorithm for sequence image matching is proposed. The essence of the matching results filtering and fusion problems for aircraft matching navigation system is firstly analyzed. Then, a new Windows Median Filter (WMF) is designed to filtering the longitudinal matching position sequence. Furthermore, based on Least Squares Estimate (LSE) method, the filtering and fusion algorithm is presented, the principle and flowchart of the algorithm is given. Simulation experiments and practical examples show the feasibility and availability of the proposed algorithm in eliminating the mismatching points and random matching disturbance for sequence image matching navigation system.
A Natural Human Retrovirus Efficiently Complements Vectors Based on Murine Leukemia Virus (2008)

The possibility of encountering a helper virus when delivering MLV-based vectors to human cells in vitro and in vivo needs to be considered to ensure the safety of such procedures.
Presence versus Proximity: The Role of Pendant Amines in the Catalytic Hydrolysis of a Nerve Agent Simulant (2018)

Amino-functionalized zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown unprecedented catalytic activity compared to non-functionalized analogues for hydrolysis of organophosphonate-based toxic chemicals. Importantly, the effect of the amino group on the catalytic activity is significantly higher in the case of UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> , where the amino groups reside near the node, compared to UiO-67-m-NH<sub>2</sub> , where they are directed away from the node. Herein, we show that the proximity of the amino group is crucial for fast catalytic activity towards hydrolysis of organophosphonate-based nerve agents. The generality of the observed amine-proximity-dictated catalytic activity has been tested on two different MOF systems which have different topology. DFT calculations reveal that amino groups on all the MOFs studied are not acting as Brønsted bases; instead they control the microsolvation environment at the Zr<sub>6</sub> -node active site and therefore increase the overall catalytic rates.
Cyclosporin metabolism by human gastrointestinal mucosal microsomes. (1992)

The in vitro metabolism of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin (CsA) by human gastrointestinal mucosal microsomes has been studied. Macroscopically normal intestinal (n = 4) and liver (n = 2) tissue was obtained from kidney transplant donors, and microsomes prepared. Intestinal metabolism was most extensive with duodenal protein (15% conversion to metabolites M1/M17 after 2 h incubation at 37 degrees C; metabolite measurement by h.p.l.c). Western blotting confirmed the presence of P-4503A (enzyme subfamily responsible for CsA metabolism) in duodenum and ileum tissue, but not in colon tissue. The results of this study indicate that the gut wall may play a role in the first-pass metabolism of CsA, and could therefore be a contributory factor to the highly variable oral bioavailability of CsA.
Evaluation of tin plating systems for a high-noble alloy. (1993)

The tensile bond strength of Panavia EX to a high-noble alloy prepared by abrasive spraying and tin plating was measured. Two different intraoperatory tin plating systems were compared. Disk-shaped specimens were cast in type III gold, abrasive sprayed with aluminum oxide, and divided into three groups of 30 specimens each. Specimens in one group were tin plated by using a Kura Ace Mini unit, those in the second group were tin plated by using a Micro Tin unit, and those in the third group were not tin plated and served as the control group. Disks within each group were luted to each other with Panavia EX. The specimens were thermocycled and tested in tension. There was no significant difference between the two tin plated groups; however, the luting bond of both experimental groups was significantly stronger than was that of the control (P < .05).
The AXH module: an independently folded domain common to ataxin‐1 and HBP1 (2003)

Ataxin-1 (ATX1), a human protein responsible for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 in humans, shares a region of homology, named AXH module, with the apparently unrelated transcription factor HBP1. Here, we describe the first characterisation of the AXH module in terms of its structural properties and stability. By producing protein constructs spanning the AXH modules of ATX1 and HBP1 and by comparing their properties, we have identified the minimal region sufficient for forming independently folded units (domains). Knowledge of the AXH domain boundaries allows us to map many of the interactions of ATX1 with other molecules onto the AXH module. We further show that the AXH of ATX1 is a dimerisation domain and is able to recognise RNA with the same nucleotide preference previously described for the full-length protein. AXH is therefore a novel protein-protein and RNA binding motif.