gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A thioxanthone‐based visible photoinitiator (2011)

Abstract Thioxanthone‐based 9‐(2‐Morpholine‐4yl‐acetyl)‐5‐thia‐napthasen‐12‐one (TX‐MPM) was synthesized and characterized as a one‐component novel visible photoinitiator. Its capability to act as an initiator for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was examined in photoreactor and also daylight. Photophysical properties: fluorescence and phosphorescence emission spectra and fluorescence quantum yield of TX‐MPM (ϕ f = 0.29) were determined. The phosphorescence lifetime was found 131 ms for TX‐MPM and 110 ms for initiator‐attached polymer (PMMA) at 77 K, indicated a π→π* nature of the lowest triplet state. A model compound, morpholino acetonapthone was used as quencher for the triplet states of TX‐MPM and the quenching rate constant was determined ( k q = 1.26 × 10 9 M −1 s −1 ). According to laser flash photolysis studies, intermolecular hydrogen abstraction process was more dominant path to the formation of the initiating radicals. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
The blue riband (2013)

Peter York, co-author of the 80s bestseller, The Sloane Ranger Handbook, charts the progress of the dream of grandeur and aspiration in London - part of a series of twelve books tied to the twelve lines of the London Underground, as Tfl celebrates 150 years of the Tube with Penguin. It is also available in a boxset. Authors include the masterly John Lanchester, the children of Kids Company, comic John O'Farrell and social geographer Danny Dorling. Ranging from the polemical to the fantastical, the personal to the societal, they offer something for every taste. All experience the city as a cultural phenomenon and notice its nature and its people. Read individually they're delightful small reads, pulled together they offer a particular portrait of a global city. (Evening Standard). Exquisitely diverse. (The Times). Eclectic and broad-minded ...beautifully designed. (Tom Cox, Observer). A fascinating collection with a wide range of styles and themes. The design qualities are excellent, as you might expect from Penguin with a consistent look and feel while allowing distinctive covers for each book. This is a very pleasing set of (A Common Reader blog). 'The contrasts and transitions between books are as stirring as the books themselves ...A multidimensional literary jigsaw. (Londonist). A series of short, sharp, city-based vignettes - some personal, some political and some pictorial ...each inimitable author finds that our city is complicated but ultimately connected, full of wit, and just the right amount of grit (Fabric Magazine). A collection of beautiful books. (Grazia). Peter York is one of the UK's leading strategic researchers. As Peter York, the writer, author and broadcaster on social styles and trends, he writes regularly for the Independent and other broadsheets. His books include co-authoring the 80s bestseller The Sloane Ranger Handbook and Dictators' Homes. His latest BBC documentary, 'The Rise and Fall of the Ad-Man', was shown on BBC2 in 2011. He is a Visiting Professor of the University of the Arts London. His latest book Jim Lee: Arrested will be published in May 2012.
[Immunopharmacological actions of neurotropin (3): Anti-allergic actions of neurotropin (author's transl)]. (1981)

Neurotropin (NSP) is an extract isolated from vaccinia virus-inoculated and inflamed skin of rabbits. The anti-allergic actions of NSP were studied in the present paper. Death from anaphylactic shock in BALB/c mice mediated by active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) or heterologous passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) was completely prevented in one of five cases by NSP given 5000 micrograms/animal i.v.. However in mice, NSP at a dose of 10 to 1000 micrograms/animal i.v. did not have any preventive effect on death from anaphylactic shock induced by ASA, homologous PSA, or heterologous PSA. NSP slightly inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells mediated by mouse IgE antibody, calcium ionophore A23187, or compound 48/80, but this inhibition was not in a dose-dependent fashion. NSP did not behave synergistically with isoproterenol- or theophylline- induced inhibition of mouse IgE antibody-mediated histamine release from rat mast cells. NSP did not inhibit D2O-enhanced histamine release from sensitized rat mast cells. NSP clearly inhibited antigen-induced histamine release from leukocytes of mite-sensitive patients with or without asthmatic attack. Potent inhibition was observed when leukocytes taken from patients with asthmatic attack were used. These results suggest that the anti-allergic action of NSP is not responsible for elevation of cyclic AMP levels or disruption of microtubules in target cells.
Recognizing text genres with simple metrics using discriminant analysis (1994)

A simple method for categorizing texts into pre-determined text genre categories using the statistical standard technique of discriminant analysis is demonstrated with application to the Brown corpus. Discriminant analysis makes it possible use a large number of parameters that may be specific for a certain corpus or information stream, and combine them into a small number of functions, with the parameters weighted on basis of how useful they are for discriminating text genres. An application to information retrieval is discussed.
New Synthesis of N-Acylurea Derivatives (1993)

S-Allyl N -acylmonothiocarbamates react in boiling benzene with primary and secondary amines in the presence of catalytic amounts of triethylamine. In this reaction, the S -allyl group is replaced with the amino group under formation of N -acylurea derivatives in 45 - 90% yields. The wide applicability of the reaction is demonstrated by the synthesis of eighty four N -acyl- N' -substituted and N -acyl- N',N' -disubstituted ureas with various aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclo substituents.
Influence of amino‐acid polymorphism in the core protein on progression of liver disease in patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (2009)

The substitution of amino acid (aa) 70 of arginine for glutamine and/or that of aa91 of leucine for methionine in the core protein in patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b is associated with a poor response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Factors influencing these substitutions were sought in 1,097 patients infected with HCV-1b who had not received antiviral treatment. HCV variants with Arg70 and Leu91 (wild-type) decreased, while those with Gln70 and/or Met91 (mutant types) increased with age (P < 0.001). Of the 1,097 patients, 464 (42.3%) were infected with the Gln70 variant and the remaining 633 patients with the Arg70 variant. The proportion of patients with the Gln70 variant increased with the severity of liver disease (P < 0.001), elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) levels (P < 0.001) and a decrease in platelet count (P = 0.008). In univariate analysis patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST > or = 58 IU/L) and gamma-GTP (> or =61 IU/L), and decreased albumin levels (<3.9 g/dl) were more frequent in the patients with the Gln70 variant than the Arg70 variant (P = 0.003, 0.005, <0.001, and 0.031, respectively). In multivariate analysis HCC (odds ratio 1.829 [95% confidence interval 1.147-2.917]) and gamma-GTP > or =61 IU/L (1.647 [1.268-2.139]) increased the risk for the Gln70 variant. In conclusion, the substitution of amino aa70 of Arg for Gln in patients infected with HCV-1b increases with age, and it is associated with severe liver disease accompanied by elevated AST and gamma-GTP levels, as well as the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
A reduced-state soft input soft output algorithm based on state partitioning (2002)

SISO (soft input soft output) algorithms are present in several decoding schemes, particularly in concatenated ones that admit an efficient iterative detection, e.g. turbo codes. These algorithms have been an interesting research subject, especially for the aspects related to complexity reduction. This paper presents the idea of partitioning the set of original states in a channel or a code, generating a scaled (or reduced) trellis. Merging two or more states produces a new super-state and a standard SISO algorithm can follow the system evolution in terms of the new description.
Human-Centred Machine Learning (2016)

Machine learning is one of the most important and successful techniques in contemporary computer science. It involves the statistical inference of models (such as classifiers) from data. It is often conceived in a very impersonal way, with algorithms working autonomously on passively collected data. However, this viewpoint hides considerable human work of tuning the algorithms, gathering the data, and even deciding what should be modeled in the first place. Examining machine learning from a human-centered perspective includes explicitly recognising this human work, as well as reframing machine learning workflows based on situated human working practices, and exploring the co-adaptation of humans and systems. A human-centered understanding of machine learning in human context can lead not only to more usable machine learning tools, but to new ways of framing learning computationally. This workshop will bring together researchers to discuss these issues and suggest future research questions aimed at creating a human-centered approach to machine learning.
Symbol rate timing recovery for higher order partial response channels (2001)

This paper provides a framework for analyzing and comparing timing recovery schemes for higher order partial response (PR) channels. Several classes of timing recovery schemes are analyzed. Timing recovery loops employing timing gradients or phase detectors derived from the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) criterion, the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion, and the timing function approach of Mueller and Muller (1976) (MRI) are analyzed and compared. The paper formulates and analyzes MMSE timing recovery in the context of a slope look-up table (SLT), which is amenable for an efficient implementation. The properties and performance of the SLT-based timing loop are compared with the ML and MM loops. Analysis and time step simulations for a practical 16-state PR magnetic recording channel show that the output noise jitter of the ML phase detector is worse than that of the SLT-based phase detector. This is primarily due to the presence of self-noise in the ML detector. Consequently, the SLT-based phase detector is to be preferred. In comparing the SLT and MM based timing loops, it is found that both schemes have similar jitter performance.
Dual clearance squeeze film damper for high load conditions (1984)

Squeeze film dampers are widely used to control vibrations in aircraft turbine engines and other rotating machinery. However, if shaft unbalance rises appreciably above the design value (e.g., due to a turbine blade loss), a conventional squeeze film becomes overloaded, and is no longer effective in controlling vibration amplitudes and bearing forces. A damper concept characterized by two oil films is described. Under normal conditions, only one low-clearance film is active, allowing precise location of the shaft centerline. Under high unbalance conditions, both films are active, controlling shaft vibration in a near-optimum manner, and allowing continued operation until a safe shutdown can be made.
Analysis of Soil Erosion Hazard Zone using GIS (2003)

The purpose of this study is to analyze soil erosion quantity of a basin by using DEM, soil map and landuse map and to find a soil erosion hazard zone in a basin based on this data. In this study, RUSLE was used to analyze soil loss quantity and the research area chosen is Mushim stream which branches off the Geum river. This study used a mean annual precipitation of Cheongju Meteorological Observation was used as a hydrological data and DEM, the detailed soil map(1/25,000), the landuse map collected respectively from Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology and Ministry of Construction and Transportation. The subject map was drawn to analyze soil erosion hazard zone by using the above data and maps. According to the results of the analysis, a lot of soil loss shows in a bare area. In case of a forest, a slope has a lot of influence on soil loss. The integration and analysis of the above gave the result that corresponding to 8.5% of the places of which the slope is over 20 degree in a bare area was found to have a higher chance of soil erosion.
Cellular delivery of enzyme-loaded DNA origami (2016)

In this communication, we show that active enzymes can be delivered into HEK293 cells in vitro when they are attached to tubular DNA origami nanostructures. We use bioluminescent enzymes as a cargo and monitor their activity from a cell lysate. The results show that the enzymes stay intact and retain their activity in the transfection process. The method is highly modular, which makes it a compelling candidate for a great variety of delivery applications.
Molecular Biology and Pathophysiology of APC Resistance: Current Insights and Clinical Implications (1998)

APC resistance is often associated with the occurrence of a single point mutation in factor V (factor VLeiden) at a predominant cleavage site for the natural anticoagulant, activated protein C (APC). In this article we will discuss the effects of this mutation (Arg506-->Gln) on the down-regulation of factor Va cofactor activity and on thrombin formation by APC in model systems and in plasma. Our studies on the effects of APC on thrombin formation in plasma resulted in the development of a new method for the screening of APC resistance that is based on measurement of the effect of APC on the endogenous thrombin potential (the time integral of thrombin generated in clotting plasma). It appeared that sensitivities for APC determined via this method were considerably affected by the use of oral contraceptives (OC) and that women who use OC become acquired APC resistant. The fact that acquired APC resistance in women who use third-generation OC was more pronounced than in users of second-generation OC may explain the further increased risk for venous thrombosis associated with the use of third-generation OC.
Online banking authentication system using mobile-OTP with QR-code (2010)

As a high-speed internet infrastructure is being developed and people are informationized, the financial tasks are also engaged in internet field. However, the existing internet banking system was exposed to the danger of hacking. Recently, the personal information has been leaked by a high-degree method such as Phishing or Pharming beyond snatching a user's ID and Password. Seeing that most of examples which happened in the domestic financial agencies were caused by the appropriation of ID or Password belonging to others, a safe user confirmation system gets much more essential. In this paper, we propose a new Online Banking Authentication system. This authentication system used Mobile OTP with the combination of QR-code which is a variant of the 2D barcode.
[Inhibition of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes by hexachloro-p-xylene in guinea pigs]. (1988)

In previous studies, species difference in the effect of hexaehloro-p-xylene (HCX) on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes was found between rats and mice. In rats, HCX exerted a stimulating effect on drug-metabolizing enzymes, while in mice HCX showed an inhibitory effect. This paper reports the inhibitory effect of HCX on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in guinea pigs.Either a single dose (50～100 mg/kg) or multiple doses (100 mg/kg, qd × 6d or 50 mg/kg, qd×14d) of HCX significantly increased the duration of the hypnosis of sodium pentobarbital. The rate of disappearance of pentobarbital from plasma of guinea pigs pretreated with HCX 100 mg/kg was reduced, and the t 1/2β of pentobarbital in treated guinea pigs was 12.3±2.2 (SD) h, while that in control guinea pigs was 3.8±0.6 (SD)h.The rate of biotransformation of sodium pentobarbital and aminopyrine in hepatic homogenates of guinea pigs pretreated with HCX was reduced significantly.In rats, a single dose (100 mg/kg) of HCX did not affect the ate of disappearance of sodium pentobarbital from plasma. The t 1/2β of pentobarbital in treated and control rats was 3.2 h and 3.1 h, respectively.These results further show that there is a species difference in the effect of HCX on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Substitution of Factor XIII: A Therapeutic Approach to Ulcerative Colitis (1991)

Three patients with ulcerative colitis in the active stage demonstrated reduced levels of F XIII activity and F XIII subunit A (61 and 80.3%, respectively). Because of the lack of clinical improvement during conservative therapy, the patients were treated additionally with F XIII concentrate (Fibrogammin HS, Behring, FRG) for 10 days. The substitution resulted in an increase in F XIII activity (144.3%) and F XIII subunit A (238%) as well as in a marked improvement in symptoms.
Electrically controllable azimuth optical rotator (2000)

The transformation of the state of polarization (SOP) of light from one state to another can be graphically illustrated by a trajectory on the Poincaré sphere (PS). We use this method to illustrate the control of the azimuth SOP rotation on the PS. Traditionally, azimuth rotation is achieved by the use of a Faraday rotator or by the mechanical movements of birefringent wave plates. In this letter, an electrically controllable azimuth optical rotator is introduced theoretically and verified experimentally. It consists of two quarter-wave plates and one liquid-crystal variable wave plate and allows polarization rotation of an arbitrary polarized light by an angle determined by the magnitude of the applied field. This electrical approach avoids the errors and inconvenience associated with the magnetic field and the mechanical movements of other methods.
Gas Network Optimization: A comparison of Piecewise Linear Models (2014)

Gas network optimization manages the gas transport by minimizing operating costs and fulfilling contracts between consumers and suppliers. This is an NPhard problem governed by non-convex and nonlinear gas transport functions that can be modeled by mixed integer linear programming (MILP) techniques. Under these methods, piecewise linear functions describe nonlinearities and binary variables avoid local optima due to non-convexities. This paper compares theoretically and computationally basic and advanced MILP formulations for the gas network optimization in dynamic or in steady-state conditions. Case studies are carried out to compare the performance of each MILP formulation for different network configurations, sizes and levels of complexity. In addition, since the accuracy of linear approximations significantly depends on the number and location of linear segments, this paper also proposes a goal programming method to construct a-priori the piecewise linear functions. This method is based on the minimization of the mean squared error of each approximation subject to predefined error goals.
Application of bispecific antibody against antigen and hapten for immunodetection and immunopurification (2013)

We present a bispecific antibody that recognizes an antigen and a hapten and can be applied to various biological assays, including immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. In immunoblot analysis of serum, an anti-C5 × anti-cotinine bispecific tandem single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-Fc fusion protein and cotinine-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) generated a clean signal without the high background that was observed in a parallel experiment using HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (Fc-specific) antibody. In immunoprecipitation analysis of serum, use of the bispecific tandem scFv-Fc fusion protein and cotinine-crosslinked magnetic beads significantly reduced the amount of protein contaminants compared with a parallel experiment done with protein A agarose beads. In subsequent immunoblot analysis, use of cotinine-HRP as the secondary probe instead of HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Fc-specific) antibody successfully eliminated the band corresponding to the bispecific tandem scFv-Fc fusion protein.
Efficient collocational approach for parametric uncertainty analysis (2007)

Abstract. A numerical algorithm for effective incorporation of parametric uncertainty into mathematical models is presented. The uncertain parameters are modeled as random variables, and the governing equations are treated as stochastic. The solutions, or quantities of interests, are expressed as convergent series of orthogonal polynomial expansions in terms of the input random parameters. A high-order stochastic collocation method is employed to solve the solution statistics, and more importantly, to reconstruct the polynomial expansion. While retaining the high accuracy by polynomial expansion, the resulting “pseudo-spectral ” type algorithm is straightforward to implement as it requires only repetitive deterministic simulations. An estimate on error bounded is presented, along with numerical examples for problems with relatively complicated forms of governing equations. Key words: Collocation methods; pseudo-spectral methods; stochastic inputs; random differential equations; uncertainty quantification. 1
Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with chronic liver diseases (1993)

To investigate the prevalence of point mutation in the pre-core (pre-C) region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, we performed dot blot hybridization and sequencing of enzymatically amplified HBV DNA from the sera of 25 patients with HBeAg-positive and 32 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases. The pre-C region of HBV DNA was successfully amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 55 (96.5%) of 57 sera. According to the status of serum HBeAg, HBV DNA was amplified from all 25 sera of HBeAg-positive patients and 30 (93.8%) of 32 sera of HBeAg-negative patients. All amplified DNA from the sera of 25 patients with HBeAg-positive and that from 28 (93.3%) of 30 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases hybridized with the wild type probe. In addition, that from 5 (20.0%) among 25 patients with HBeAg-positive and 16 (53.3%) among 30 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases hybridized also with the mutant type probe. These results suggest that the prevalence of point mutation in the pre-C region of HBV DNA is relatively high in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases and further study is mandatory to identify the significance of this mutation.
Planar tunnel junction fabrication and bandgap engineering on bilayer graphene (2009)

High electron mobility at room temperature and the ease of two-dimensional patterning are just two of the features of graphene materials that have made them highly interesting for device prospects. The past three years have produced extensive research on both graphene flakes mechanically exfoliated from bulk graphite and on epitaxial graphene the most promising method of producing wafer-size films by the sublimation of Si from SiC surfaces. A single layer of graphene (1LG) is a semimetal, and the inability to "pinch off electron transport presents a problem for transistor prospects. However, bilayer graphene (2LG) features a bandgap that is tunable with control of the charge concentration in each layer, making it an ideal candidate for graphene-based electronics.