gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of water in oil and microsphere in oil emulsions as a specific delivery system of 5-fluorouracil into lymphatics. (1977)

The efficiency of water in oil (W/O) and gelatin microsphere in oil (S/O) emulsion as a drug delivery system for deliverying 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) specifically into lymphatics was evaluated in the rat. Following intragastric and intramuscular injection in the forms of emulsions and aqueous solution, radioactivities of 3H-labeled 5-FU or its antibacterial activities in plasma, regional lymph nodes, thoracic lymph and the injection site were compared with those following intravenous injection. W/O and S/O emulsion predominantly increased the area under the concentrationtime curve (AUC) of 5-FU in the regional lymph nodes and cumulative amount transported into thoracic lymph. A pronounced retardation of release of 5-FU and decrease of peak plasma concentration were also obtained following injection of these emulsions. In addition, a local injection of 5-FU with emulsions was confirmed to be considerably advantageous from the viewpoint of metabolic inactivation. These results suggest the superiority of W/O and S/O emulsion in a surgical adjuvant cancer chemotherapy by satisfying many of the criteria of an ideal drug delivery system. S/O emulsion exhibited the best efficacy throughout present examinations.
Saliva – a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of oropharyngeal cancer (2004)

Oropharyngeal (OP) cancer, which is usually squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common head and neck malignancy and accounts for 2-4% of all new cancers. It is primarily induced by exposure to tobacco. The paradigm of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced OP cancer's pathogenesis is based on the assumption that a constant direct attack of various CS carcinogens causes widespread accumulating cellular and DNA aberrations in the OP mucosal cells, in turn eventually resulting in malignant transformation. However, there is never a direct contact between CS and the OP mucosa. Saliva, bathing the mucosa from the oral cavity to the larynx, always intervenes, and CS must first interact with saliva before it reaches the mucosa. The current study investigated the role of saliva in the pathogenesis of OP cancer. A synergistic effect of CS and saliva on oral cancer cells was demonstrated. This synergism is based on the reaction between redox active metals in saliva and low reactive free radicals in CS, which results in the production of highly active hydroxyl free radicals. Thus, when exposed to CS, salivary behavior is reversed and the saliva loses its antioxidant capacity and becomes a potent pro-oxidant milieu. The devastating role of CS-borne aldehydes was demonstrated as well. Based on these results and on our recent reports demonstrating that CS destroys various salivary components, including protective ones such as peroxidase, the most important salivary antioxidant enzyme, a comprehensive view of the pivotal role of saliva in the pathogenesis of CS-induced OP cancer is suggested.
Alterations in proteins of bone marrow extracellular matrix in undernourished mice (2000)

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of protein malnutrition on the glycoprotein content of bone marrow extracellular matrix (ECM). Two-month-old male Swiss mice were submitted to protein malnutrition with a low-protein diet containing 4% casein as compared to 20% casein in the control diet. When the experimental group had attained a 20% loss of their original body weight, we extracted the ECM proteins from bone marrow with PBS buffer, and analyzed ECM samples by SDS-PAGE (7.5%) and ECL Western blotting. Quantitative differences were observed between control and experimental groups. Bone marrow ECM from undernourished mice had greater amounts of extractable fibronectin (1.6-fold increase) and laminin (4.8-fold increase) when compared to the control group. These results suggest an association between fluctuations in the composition of the hematopoietic microenvironment and altered hematopoiesis observed in undernourished mice.
Immunohistochemistry and Biosynthesis of <i>N</i>‐Acetylaspartylglutamate in Spinal Sensory Ganglia (1987)

N-Acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is a nervous system-specific dipeptide which has been implicated in chemical neurotransmission. Antisera were prepared against NAAG in order to study its cellular distribution. When these antisera were applied to tissue sections of rat spinal sensory ganglia, NAAG-like immunoreactivity was detected within a subpopulation of relatively large neuronal cell bodies in cervical, lumbar, and thoracic ganglia. In order to confirm the presence of NAAG within these neurons, the dipeptide was extracted and purified from spinal ganglia using high-performance liquid chromatography and its composition confirmed by amino acid analysis. Further, the biosynthesis of NAAG was studied in vitro by following the incorporation of either [3H]glutamine or [3H]glutamate into the glutamate residue of the purified dipeptide. [3H]Aspartate was not incorporated efficiently into NAAG under these conditions, suggesting a precursor role for the large N-acetylaspartate pool. The incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids into newly synthesized NAAG by spinal sensory ganglia was not inhibited by incubation of the cells with anisomycin or cycloheximide at concentrations which significantly inhibited protein synthesis. These data suggest that NAAG is present in a subpopulation of primary afferent spinal neurons and that its biosynthesis is mediated by a dipeptide synthetase.
Capecitabine Monotherapy: Safe and Effective Treatment for Metastatic Breast Cancer (2006)

Optimal management for metastatic breast cancer frequently involves cytotoxic chemotherapy. Over the years, several complex multidrug regimens have been developed that were based upon a rationale of synergistic antitumor activity and nonoverlapping toxicities. However, recently the clinical value of these complex regimens has been called into question as several drugs used alone (monotherapy) or in sequence (serial single agent) have been shown to be both efficacious and better tolerated. Capecitabine (an orally administered fluoropyrimidine carbamate) is one such agent that has been proven to be effective when used alone for metastatic breast cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer, and adjuvant colon cancer. In this review, published (or reported in abstract form) data examining various aspects of clinical response and tolerability with single-agent capecitabine for (primarily) first- and second-line metastatic breast cancer are examined. For the most part, response rates are comparable with those of the more complex regimens. Dose reductions from the labeled dose of 1,250 mg/m(2) twice daily are relatively common. Toxicities (following dose reductions if needed) are generally manageable, even by more frail patients. Elderly patients are more likely to have impaired renal function or be receiving warfarin treatment, and special attention to these factors is warranted. Nonetheless, the drug administered alone is a reasonable choice when single-agent chemotherapy is entertained as a treatment option for metastatic breast cancer, including in the first-line setting.
A Model for Safe Transport of Critical Patients in Unmanned Drones with a ‘Watch’ Style Continuous Anesthesia Sensor (2018)

We envision unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for rapid evacuation of critically-ill patients from hazardous locations to health care facilities in safe zones. For safety, medical teams accompany patients to monitor vital signs and titrate anesthesia dose during transport. UAV transports would require continuous automated remote monitoring of both vital signs and of sedative dose to be feasible and safe. Volatile anesthetics (isoflurane) are the only anesthetic agents that can be monitored continuously with infrared spectroscopy (IR) devices; but unsuitable for transport. Our objective is to devise a safe UAV transport protocol incorporating novel technology for gas monitoring. Our group has developed and tested a miniaturized wearable fuel cell sensor that can detect isoflurane gas vapors as low as 40 ppm (within therapeutic range) with a sensitivity of 0.0112 nA ppm−1 cm−2. Ambient signal interference was resolved by principal component analysis (PCA). Data variance of 1st and 2nd principal components was 88.68% and 11.31%, respectively. The PCA regression model reported here can determine accurate Isoflurane concentrations. Electronic IoT platform has been built constituting micro-fuel cell, miniaturized electronic components with Bluetooth. This wearable sensor can be incorporated into a comprehensive life support system for casualty evacuation in conjunction with autonomous UAV emergency medical operations.
Tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody protects against lethal meningococcaemia (1992)

Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been shown to be the principal mediator of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin-induced shock. Nevertheless, evidence suggests that TNF-alpha plays a beneficial role in controlling bacterial infections when multiplication of the microorganism is required to kill the host. Using an infant rat model of Neisseria meningitidis infection, we found that blood TNF-alpha concentration reaches a peak three hours after intraperitoneal injection of 3 x 10(6) bacteria. Thereafter, the level of TNF-alpha decreased and was undetectable six to eight hours after infection. A correlation was observed between the magnitude of initial TNF-alpha response and a fatal outcome. Pretreatment of the animals with polyclonal anti-TNF antiserum significantly reduced mortality relative to animals pretreated with control serum. However, pretreatment of animals with anti-TNF antibody did not alter the bacterial invasion of the cerebrospinal fluid. Injection of heat-killed bacteria did not cause death and induced lower TNF-alpha levels than the same number of live bacteria. This excludes the possibility that the role of TNF-alpha is to mediate a shock induced by the endotoxin component of the bacterial inoculum. These results indicate that TNF-alpha has a deleterious effect in this model of bacteraemia. Identification of the critical factors that determine the action of TNF-alpha during lethal bacteraemia will lead to a better understanding of these diseases and the development of appropriate therapeutic intervention.
Ultraviolet-induced discharge currents and reduction of the piezoelectric coefficient in cellular polypropylene films (2003)

Photostimulated discharge spectroscopy of cellular polypropylene films between 200 and 400 nm showed the existence of at least three distinct trapping levels at 4.6, 5.6, and 6.3 eV. The effects of UV irradiation on the piezoelectric d33 coefficient was studied by monitoring thickness-extension resonances in the dielectric spectrum. Prolonged irradiation at wavelengths below 210 nm led to a reduction of the piezoelectric coefficient, caused by partial discharge of the polymer foam.
Production of herpes simplex virus from MRC-5 cells grown in a glass bead culture system. (1985)

The failure of microcarrier systems to provide significant quantities of infectious Herpes simplex virus (HSV) for vaccine production purposes led to an assessment of glass bead column cultures for this requirement. Glass bead columns giving approximately 12000 cm2 culture surface areas have been inoculated at various densities with MRC-5 cells, grown to confluency (as determined by steady state glucose utilization) and infected with HSV. The culture system proved at least as effective as comparable roller bottle cultures.
A monoclonal antibody to the carboxyterminal domain of procollagen type I visualizes collagen-synthesizing fibroblasts. Detection of an altered fibroblast phenotype in lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. (1986)

Excessive collagen deposition plays a critical role in the development of fibrosis, and early or active fibrosis may be more susceptible to therapeutic intervention than later stages of scarring. However, at present there is no simple method for assessing the collagen-synthesizing and secreting activity of fibroblasts in human tissues. Type I procollagen carboxyterminal domains are proteolytically removed during collagen secretion. Thus, antibodies to these domains should stain fibroblasts synthesizing type I collagen but not extracellular collagen fibrils which could mask the signal from the cells. We developed and characterized a monoclonal antibody (Anti-pC) specific for the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen. To determine the relationship between Anti-pC staining and collagen synthesis, we stained embryonic and adult chicken tendon. Embryonic chick tendon fibroblasts actively synthesizing type I collagen stained heavily with Anti-pC, while quiescent adult tendon fibroblasts did not stain with Anti-pC. Wounded adult tendons developed fibroblasts that stained with Anti-pC at the wound site. Thus, Anti-pC specifically visualized fibroblasts actively synthesizing collagen. Lung biopsies from patients with fibrotic lung disease were stained with Anti-pC. Interstitial and intraalveolar fibroblasts in biopsies from patients with active fibrosis stained intensely with Anti-pC, while normal human lung was unstained. The absence of staining in normal lung supports the hypothesis that fibrosis is associated with an altered collagen-synthesizing phenotype of tissue fibroblasts. Anti-pC may provide a useful clinical tool for assessing fibrogenic activity at sites of tissue injury.
Promoter Analysis of the Mouse Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1c Gene (2000)

Recent data suggest that sterol regulatory-binding protein (SREBP)-1c plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of different lipogenic genes mediating lipid synthesis as a key regulator of fuel metabolism. SREBP-1c regulates its downstream genes by changing its own mRNA level, which led us to sequence and analyze the promoter region of the mouse SREBP-1c gene. A cluster of putative binding sites of several transcription factors composed of an NF-Y site, an E-box, a sterol-regulatory element 3, and an Sp1 site were located at -90 base pairs of the SREBP-1c promoter. Luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that this SRE complex is essential to the basal promoter activity and confers responsiveness to activation by nuclear SREBPs. Deletion and mutation analyses suggest that the NF-Y site and SRE3 in the SRE complex are responsible for SREBP activation, although the other sites were also involved in the basal activity. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that SREBP-1 binds to the SRE3. Taken together, these findings implicate a positive loop production of SREBP-1c through the SRE complex, possibly leading to the overshoot in induction of SREBP-1c and its downstream genes seen in the livers of refed mice. Furthermore, reporter assays using larger upstream fragments indicated another region that was inducible by addition of sterols. The presence of the SRE complex and a sterol-inducible region in the same promoter suggests a novel regulatory link between cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis.
Fullerene Monolayer-Modified Porous Si. Synthesis and Photoelectrochemistry (1999)

A new type of monolayer‐modified porous p‐type surface incorporating covalently bonded fullerene has been prepared. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry characterization indicates that hydrosilylation and hydrogenation reactions occurred in the monolayer formation processes. The stability, redox activity, and photoelectrochemical properties of this monolayer‐modified porous surface were investigated. These results suggest applications in mediating reactions with surrounding media and to photovoltaics. ©1998 The Electrochemical Society
Ethanol/Trisodium citrate for hemodialysis catheter lock (2004)

The objective of this study was to confirm the compatibility of ethanol and 4% trisodium citrate (TSC) for potential use as a catheter locking solution.Increasing concentrations of ethanol were combined with 4% TSC in glass test tubes and stored at 37 degrees C over 72 hours. Each tube was visually inspected to determine the highest compatible concentration. To confirm visual compatibility, HPLC analysis was used to compare the concentration of TSC in control solutions (n = 6) to solutions containing both TSC and the highest concentration of ethanol that was visually compatible (n = 6). Compatibility in carbothane hemodialysis catheters was then confirmed in vitro.Results of the compatibility tests indicated that 30% ethanol was the maximum concentration visually compatible with 4% TSC. Ethanol concentrations of 35% or above form a crystalline precipitate in the glass test tubes within 72 hours. HPLC analysis showed no difference in the concentration of TSC in the control solutions compared to the TSC/ethanol solutions when incubated in glass test tubes. A slight, but statistically significant increase in the TSC concentration (1.27%; p < 0.0001) was observed when the ethanol/TSC solution was incubated in carbothane hemodialysis catheters. This slight increase may be due to ethanol absorption into the catheter polymer. Further studies are underway to determine if an ethanol/TSC lock affects the mechanical properties of these carbothane hemodialysis catheters.We conclude that 30% ethanol is compatible with 4% trisodium citrate in carbothane hemodialysis catheters in vitro. Until the lock's affect on carbothane hemodialysis catheters is known, it cannot yet be recommended for clinical use.
The endoplasmic reticulum‐resident stress protein gp96 binds peptides translocated by TAP (1997)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident stress protein gp96 induces a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against antigens present in the cells from which it has been prepared. In this study, photoreactive peptides were translocated into the ER by the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). These peptides can be cross-linked specifically to gp96. Thus, we provide the first evidence that gp96 binds TAP-translocated peptides which have been implicated in the induction of specific CTL responses after immunization with gp96 (Srivastava, P. K. et al., Immunogenetics 1994. 39: 93).
Platelet growth factor cloned and characterized (1994)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPlatelet growth factor cloned and characterizedSTU BORMANCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1994, 72, 25, 9Publication Date (Print):June 20, 1994Publication History Published online11 November 2010Published inissue 20 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v072n025.p009https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v072n025.p009newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1994 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views4Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Cells Get e-Alerts
Data quality aware analysis of differential expression in RNA-seq with NOISeq R/Bioc package (2015)

As the use of RNA-seq has popularized, there is an increasing consciousness of the importance of experimental design, bias removal, accurate quantification and control of false positives for proper data analysis. We introduce the NOISeq R-package for quality control and analysis of count data. We show how the available diagnostic tools can be used to monitor quality issues, make pre-processing decisions and improve analysis. We demonstrate that the non-parametric NOISeqBIO efficiently controls false discoveries in experiments with biological replication and outperforms state-of-the-art methods. NOISeq is a comprehensive resource that meets current needs for robust data-aware analysis of RNA-seq differential expression.
Common voltage control technology for highly reliable active matrix liquid crystal displays (2008)

The relationship between flicker and a common voltage (Vcom), which directly affects the image sticking problem of liquid crystal displays, is explained. A simple symmetry of flicker with respect to Vcom is introduced. A new circuit utilizing a digital interface to generate Vcom is proposed. The circuit easily controls Vcom through the digital interface, enabling automation of the Vcom optimization. The development of an automatic Vcom-tuning system plus the Vcom optimization algorithms using the symmetry of flicker is presented. The total tuning time was 0.35 seconds regardless of screen size.
CW operation of 1.5 μm GaInAsP/InP buried-heterostructure laser with a reactive-ion-etched facet (1983)

The reactive-ion-etching technique in forming facet mirrors for 1.5 μm GaInAs/InP buried-heterostructure (BH) lasers is reported. Room-temperature CW operation has been achieved with BH lasers having one of the facets formed by RIE and metallic coating and the other by cleaving. The laser with 330 μm long cavity has a 110 mA threshold.
Angiotensin-II-induced hypertension chemotherapy: evaluation of hepatic blood flow with oxygen-15 PET. (1996)

We quantitatively measured blood flow in liver parenchyma and hepatic tumors in two patients using 15O-carbon dioxide (steady state) and 15O-water (dynamic) PET imaging. Images were acquired before and during administration of angiotensin-II to achieve a hypertensive state. Blood flow in the hepatocellular carcinoma was greater than that of the parenchyma. Blood flow in the colon metastasis was similar to that in the parenchyma and lower in the center than in the periphery. During a hypertensive state induced by angiotensin II, blood flow in both the primary and secondary liver tumors did not change, while blood flow in the liver parenchyma decreased. As a result, there was a relative increase in tumor blood flow during the hypertensive state on PET images. Furthermore, blood flow to the spleen decreased to 55% of baseline during the hypertensive state. These findings suggest that hypertensive cancer chemotherapy may protect normal tissue. Furthermore, PET imaging may be able to predict the efficacy of hypertensive cancer chemotherapy in the patients with liver tumors.
MICROSCOPIO COMPARATIVO EN ACATLÁN PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA CRIMINALÍSTICA (2001)

CON EL FIN DE PROPORCIONAR A LOS ESTUDIANTES LAS HERRAMIENTAS QUE LES PERMITAN UN MEJOR DESARROLLO PROFESIONAL EN EL  REA DE LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES, EN LA ESCUELA NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS PROFESIONALES (ENEP) ACATL N SE PUSO A DISPOSICION DE SU COMUNIDAD UN MICROSCOPIO COMPARATIVO, UNO DE LOS M S AVANZADOS EN EL PAIS PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA CRIMINALISTICA. HECTOR CANTU, DEL POSGRADO DE ESTA DEPENDENCIA, EXPLICO QUE EL APARATO ES UNO DE LOS MEJORES EN SU TIPO Y FUE DONADO POR EL BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO. DIJO QUE PERMITE REALIZAR ESTUDIOS DE DACTILOSCOPIA, BALISTICA, GRAFOLOGIA Y MATERIALES. ADEM S, CUENTA CON UN MONITOR, QUE HACE POSIBLE PROYECTAR LA IMAGEN ANTE UN GRUPO, HACER EXTENSION DE LA MISMA Y LOGRAR ASI QUE LO QUE ESTEN OBSERVANDO DOS PERSONAS EN EL MICROSCOPIO PUEDA SER VISTO POR UN NUMERO MAYOR. ACTUALMENTE SIRVE COMO APOYO EN EL QUINTO DIPLOMADO EN CRIMINALISTICA QUE IMPARTE ESA UNIDAD MULTIDISCIPLINARIA.
Vérification et mise en œuvre distribuée des programmes unity (1994)

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