gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deciphering links between bacterial interactions and spatial organization in multispecies biofilms (2019)

Environmental microbes frequently live in multispecies biofilms where mutualistic relationships and co-evolution may occur, defining spatial organization for member species and overall community functions. In this context, intrinsic properties emerging from microbial interactions, such as efficient organization optimizing growth and activities in multispecies biofilms, may become the object of fitness selection. However, little is known on the nature of underlying interspecies interactions during establishment of a predictable spatial organization within multispecies biofilms. We present a comparative metatranscriptomic analysis of bacterial strains residing in triple-species and four-species biofilms, aiming at deciphering molecular mechanisms underpinning bacterial interactions responsible of the remarkably enhanced biomass production and associated typical spatial organization they display. Metatranscriptomic profiles concurred with changes in micro-site occupation in response to the addition/removal of a single species, being driven by both cooperation, competition, and facilitation processes. We conclude that the enhanced biomass production of the four-species biofilm is an intrinsic community property emerging from finely tuned space optimization achieved through concerted antagonistic and mutualistic interactions, where each species occupies a defined micro-site favoring its own growth. Our results further illustrate how molecular mechanisms can be better interpreted when supported by visual imaging of actual microscopic spatial organization, and we propose phenotypic adaptation selected by social interactions as molecular mechanisms stabilizing microbial communities.
Polymer behavior under plasma etching:  Influence of physical properties on kinetics and durability (1991)

The influence of the physical properties of polymers on their plasma behavior has been investigated under O2 and Ar plasma treatments. The glass transition temperature (Tg) has been found to be an important parameter. A steplike increase in the etch kinetics in O2 plasmas has been correlated to the change in the heat capacity of the polymer occurring above Tg whatever the molecular weight of the polymer. Furthermore, above Tg, changes in the viscoelastic properties induce bulk polymer degradation if chain crosslinking cannot be achieved before or during plasma etching.
The Book of Skin (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Design of storage hierarchy in multithreaded architectures (1995)

Multithreaded execution models attempt to combine some aspects of dataflow-like execution with von Neumann model execution. Their main objective is to mask the latency of inter-processor communications and remote memory accesses in large scale multiprocessors. An important issue in the analysis and evaluation of multithreaded execution is the design and performance of the storage hierarchy. Because of the sequential execution of threads, the locality of access within an executing thread can be exploited using registers and cache. At the inter-thread level, however, the locality of accesses to memory and its effect on the cache is not yet well understood. A storage model which can exploit this locality is developed and evaluated. The results indicate there is a large amount of inter-thread locality that can be exploited and that we can get an efficient storage system by exploiting the characteristics of nonblocking threads.
The <i>piggyBac</i> transposon mediates germ‐line transformation in the Oriental fruit fly and closely related elements exist in its genome (2000)

Germ-line transformation of a white eye strain of the Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, was achieved with the piggyBac vector, derived from a transposon originally isolated from the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni. The vector was marked with the medfly white+ gene cDNA, and three transgenic lines were identified at a frequency of approximately 2% per fertile G0. Vector integrations were verified by Southern DNA hybridization, which also revealed the presence of endogenous genomic elements closely related to piggyBac. Approximately 10-20 elements per genome were evident in several B. dorsalis strains, and sequence analysis of 1.5 kb gene amplification products from two wild strains and the white eye host strain indicated 95% nucleotide and 92% amino acid sequence identity among resident elements and the T. ni element. PiggyBac was not evident by hybridization in other tephritid species, or insects previously transformed with the transposon. This is the first discovery of piggyBac beyond T. ni, and its existence in a distantly related species has important implications for the practical use of the vector and insects transformed with it.
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistor with a thin gate insulator (2000)

Thinning the gate insulator in an hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistor (a-Si:H TFT) has been studied in a coplanar structure. The threshold voltage decreases with decreasing gate insulator thickness without changing the field effect mobility significantly. The reduction in the threshold voltage is due to the decrease in the charge traps in the SiN/sub x/ and in its film thickness. The coplanar a-Si:H TFT with a gate insulator thickness of 35 nm exhibited a field effect mobility of 0.45 cm/sup 2//Vs and a threshold voltage of 1.5 V. The thickness of the gate insulator can be decreased in the coplanar a-Si:H TFTs because of the planarized gate insulator.
Mie scattering sum rules (1985)

Recently, Nussenzveig and Wiscombe, using complex angular momentum theory, derived an asymptotic expansion for the Mie theory extinction efficiency factor Q . From the relation between Q and the forward scattering amplitude S , plus the known analyticity properties of S (which is a complex function), we have derived the corresponding asymptotic expansion for S. If we then assume that, subject only to analyticity constraints, this result may be extended into the lower half of the complex plane, we may perform appropriate contour integrals around a semicircle of large radius. Since S has no poles in the lower half of the complex plane, we are thus able to find the value of desired integrals along the real axis–sum rules. In the case of a fixed real refractive index, we find explicit results for the three integrals: We have evaluated these integrals numerically for two different real refractive indices and found excellent agreement, indicating that the validity of our asymptotic expansion for S extends into the complex plane and also holds in the mean.
A Randomized Trial of Low-Dose Aspirin in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women (2005)

In this large, primary-prevention trial among women, aspirin lowered the risk of stroke without affecting the risk of myocardial infarction or death from cardiovascular causes, leading to a nonsignificant finding with respect to the primary end point.
Recycling of Nd-Fe-B Magnets from Scrap Hard Disc Drives (2016)

A hydrogen-based treatment, including Hydrogen Decrepitation (HD) and Hydrogen Disproportionation-Desorption-Recombination (HDDR), was used as part of a recycling procedure for scrap neodymium-iron-boron magnets. Chemical methods of removing nickel coating out of magnets were tested, however ineffectively. Powders were obtained from magnets after the HD and were further processed by the HDDR. Finally, material with maximum energy product (BH) max of 74 kJ/m 3 was produced. Chemical composition of magnets (MS, EDS), magnetic properties (VSM) and microstructure observations (SEM) were carried out.
Exploring the Effect of Porous Structure on Thermal Conductivity in Templated Mesoporous Silica Films (2019)

This work elucidates the effect of porous structure on thermal conductivity of mesoporous amorphous silica. Sol–gel and nanoparticle-based mesoporous amorphous silica thin films were synthesized by evaporation-induced self-assembly using either tetraethyl orthosilicate or premade silica nanoparticles as the framework precursors with block copolymers Pluronic P123 or Pluronic F127 as template. The films were characterized with scanning- and transmission-electron microscopy, two-dimensional grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, ellipsometric porosimetry, and UV–vis reflectance spectroscopy. The thermal conductivity of the mesoporous films, at room temperature and in vacuum, was measured by time-domain thermoreflectance. The films were 150 to 800 nm thick with porosities ranging from 9% to 69%. Their pore diameters were between 3 and 19 nm, and their thermal conductivities varied between 0.07 and 0.66 W/m.K. The thermal conductivity decreased strongly with increasing porosity and was also affected by the structure of the silica framework (continuous or nanoparticulate) and the pore size. A simple porosity weighted effective medium approximation was used to explain the observed trend in thermal conductivity. These results give new insight into thermal transport in nanostructured materials, and suggest design rules of the nanoscale architecture to control the thermal conductivity of mesoporous materials for a wide range of applications.
Performance Evaluation of Opportunistic Vertical Handover Considering On–Off Characteristics of VoIP Traffic (2010)

Vertical handover is one of the key technologies to support seamless connectivity across multiple wireless communication systems and guarantee quality of service (QoS) for the applications therein. This paper proposes an opportunistic vertical handover scheme for a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) connection that makes use of the on-off characteristics of voice traffic by aligning the mutual silence period of the two parties engaged in conversation with the service disruption time that occurs during the vertical handover procedure. From the six-state Brady model, we derive a simplified two-state Markov model in which the characteristics of both the talk-spurt period and the mutual silence period are obtained. We then analyze the performance of the proposed scheme with respect to the handover execution time and the packet loss time. The analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly decreases the VoIP packet loss time, whereas the total time required for the vertical handover procedure increases but remains within a tolerable time limit.
Skin Segmentation Using Color Distance Map and Water-Flow Property (2008)

A new approach for skin region segmentation is proposed. It uses color distance map (CDM) and an algorithm based on the property of flow of water. The CDM itself is a grayscale image, which makes the algorithm very simple. However, it is still capable of providing color information based on which some skin and non-skin seed regions can be determined reliably. Then a water-flow based procedure determines skin and non-skin segments completely. The color distance map is robust against variations in imaging conditions and the water-flow procedure efficiently uses the region information to extract solid skin segments without generating much noisy segments.
Lumbar Spinal Fusion With a Mineralized Collagen Matrix and rhBMP-2 in a Rabbit Model (2003)

This study shows the effective results of nHAC/PLA in rabbit posterolateral spinal fusion combined with rhBMP-2. It is an alternative method to autograft by compounding this osteoconductive matrix with growth factors.
3∼5세 누리과정과 초등 1학년 교육과정에서 언어교육의 연계성 분석 (2015)

본 연구의 목적은 3~5세 누리과정과 초등 1~2학년군 교육과정에서 3세부터 초등 1학년까지언어교육의 연계성을 살펴보는 것이다. 분석대상은 3~5세 누리과정의 의사소통영역의 세부내용과 초등 1학년 국어과의 내용성취기준이며, 3세 17개, 4세 25개, 그리고 5세 25개의 세부내용과 초등1학년 국어과 내용성취기준 19개의 연계성을 분석하였다. 연구 분석결과, 연계된 정도는 3세와 4세는 72%, 4세와 5세는 100%, 5세와 초등 1학년은 72%가 연결되었다. 연계형태는 3세와 4세의 경우는 ‘반복’이 8개 항목, ‘발전’이 10개 항목(심화: 6개 항목, 확대·심화: 4개 항목)이었고, 비연계의 경우는 ‘격차’의 ‘생성’에서 총 7개 항목이었다. 4세와 5세의 연계형태는 ‘반복’이 10개 항목, ‘발전’이 15개 항목(확대: 3개 항목, 심화: 11개 항목, 확대·심화: 1개 항목)이었고, 비연계는 없었다. 5세와 초등 1학년의 연계형태는 ‘반복’이 4개 항목, ‘발전’이 14개 항목(확대: 1개 항목, 심화: 7개 항목, 확대·심화: 6개 항목)이었고 비연계는 소멸에서 7개 항목이었으며, 초등 1학년 국어교육과정에서는 9항목이 생성되었다. 즉 3세에서 초등 1학년까지의 언어교육내용의 연계성은 3세와4세, 4세와 5세, 그리고 5세와 초등 1학년으로 올라갈수록 ‘반복’과 ‘발전’의 형태로 연계가 이루어지고, 3세에서 4세, 5세에서 초등학교 1학년은 새로운 내용이 각각 ‘생성’되었으며, 5세에서 초등1학년의 경우에서만 비연계에 해당되는 ‘소멸’이 있었다.
Router: A Message Passing Model for Large-Scale Graph Mining (2011)

Many parallel computational models have been employed in many papers to process the large-scale graph. In this paper, we propose a message passing model Router which could be invoked by most of current parallel computational models to process the large graph. The model is good at solving the multi-source traversal problem which often occurs in many complex graph algorithms. As the model can traverse the graph from different source at the same time, the multi-source traversal will finish in much less iteration than before. In this way, the total time of the algorithm involves multi-source traversal will be reduced in a large scale. Besides, the Router model is flexible enough to express a broad set of algorithms by implementing the Router's abstract method. Finally, the experiment shows the efficiency and scalability of the model.
Plateau-Generating Nerve Cells in <i>Helix</i>: Morphological and Electrophysiological Characteristics (1990)

ABSTRACT We describe the anatomical and electrophysiological characteristics of a group of Helix nerve cells, styled P cells, that generate long-lasting depolarizations in response to repeated stimulations at low frequencies. Four neurones were identified in the perioesophageal ganglia of the snail Helix pomatia. Their structure was determined by intracellular injection of Lucifer Yellow, cobaltlysine or horseradish peroxidase. The soma was found to contain neurosecretory granules. These cells innervated the whole foot muscle and the mantle, but were not involved in muscle movement or locomotion. They may participate in mucus secretion. Upon depolarization they fired Ca2+-dependent spikes; at a critical firing rate (5–6Hz), the spikes were converted into depolarized plateaus (+10 to +20mV) lasting for several seconds. The plateau was Ca2+-dependent and persisted in Na+-free saline. It was sustained by a slowly inactivating Ca2+ current that produced a large intracellular Ca2+ accumulation (monitored with the Ca2+-sensitive dye Arsenazo III). The plateau was restricted to the soma and the proximal axon and may act as a driver potential inducing axon firing and prolonging the release of neurosecretory materials.
On-Board Payload Identification for Commercial Vehicles (2006)

Roll over accidents of vehicles belong to the most dangerous vehicle accident scenarios on our roads. In particular, heavy commercial vehicles allow enormous changes of loads and often the drivers are confronted with unknown load conditions, e.g. container freight. This causes a persistent overturning hazard. Due to the varying load situations, the drivers of commercial trucks are therefore requested to permanently adapt their driving style in relation to the actual driving and roll dynamics of their vehicles, in order to provide sufficient driving safety. This paper therefore deals with methods to identify the payload parameters of air-sprung vehicles on different levels. Special attention is spent to examine the described onboard-identification methods for application to truck-semitrailer combinations. The online-identified relevant payload parameters are the load mass, the position of its centre of gravity and especially the height of its centre of gravity above ground. The aim of this paper is on the one hand to develop an identification approach to be able to provide more driver information about the actual overturning limit of the vehicle and on the other hand to deliver additional information about the current loading conditions of the vehicle as an input to any advanced driver assistance system or to enhanced vehicle-dynamics controllers, which take the payload height into consideration
Live Attenuated Pertussis Vaccine BPZE1 Protects Baboons Against Bordetella pertussis Disease and Infection (2017)

Evidence suggests that the resurgence of pertussis in many industrialized countries may result from the failure of current vaccines to prevent nasopharyngeal colonization by Bordetella pertussis, the principal causative agent of whooping cough. Here, we used a baboon model to test the protective potential of the novel, live attenuated pertussis vaccine candidate BPZE1. A single intranasal/intratracheal inoculation of juvenile baboons with BPZE1 resulted in transient nasopharyngeal colonization and induction of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A to all antigens tested, while causing no adverse symptoms or leukocytosis. When BPZE1-vaccinated baboons were challenged with a high dose of a highly virulent B. pertussis isolate, they were fully protected against disease, whereas naive baboons developed illness (with 1 death) and leukocytosis. Total postchallenge nasopharyngeal virulent bacterial burden of vaccinated animals was substantially reduced (0.002%) compared to naive controls, providing promising evidence in nonhuman primates that BPZE1 protects against both pertussis disease and B. pertussis infection.
Reasoning about trust and insurance in a public key infrastructure (2002)

In the real world, insurance is used to mitigate financial risk to individuals in many settings. Similarly, it has been suggested that insurance can be used in distributed systems, and in particular, in authentication procedures, to mitigate an individual's risks there. We further explore the use of insurance for public-key certificates and other kinds of statements. We also describe an application using threshold cryptography in which insured keys would also have an auditor involved in any transaction using the key, allowing the insurer better control over its liability. We provide a formal yet simple insurance logic that can be used to deduce the amount of insurance associated with statements based on the insurance associated with related statements. Using the logic, we show how trust relationships and insurance can work together to provide confidence.
Tissue‐specific and wound‐inducible pattern of expression of the mannopine synthase promoter is determined by the interaction between positive and negative <i>cis</i>‐regulatory elements (1993)

In transgenic tobacco plants the regulatory region of the Agrobacterium genes involved in mannopine synthesis ( pmas ) directs expression in vascular tissues and is induced upon wounding. To identify cis ‐acting sequences required for the cell‐type‐specific and wound‐inducible expression of this regulatory region, the expression pattern of chimeric genes in which 5′ upstream deletions of the pmas1′ promoter direct the expression of the β‐glucuronidase coding sequence, was analyzed in transgenic tobacco plants. It was found that the pmas1′ promoter is specifically expressed in phloem cells and that this tissue‐specific pattern of expression is the result of the interaction of at least two negative regulatory elements with a positive element that directs expression in many cell types. It was also found that wound induction is mediated by two different mechanisms, one of them involving a dramatic change in tissue‐specific expression.
Complementary actions of docosahexaenoic acid and genistein on COX-2, PGE2 and invasiveness in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (2006)

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and genistein have been associated with lowered cancer risk by reducing inflammatory prostanoids, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, and altering cell signaling. Few studies have investigated the effect of these compounds in combination on the molecular control of the COX-2 gene. In a series of experiments we examined a potential synchronous action of n-3 PUFA and genistein in down-regulating COX-2 expression to diminish prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Cells were treated with genistein and various PUFA including arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). PGE(2) concentrations, expression of COX-2, and cell invasiveness were determined. The n-3 PUFA and genistein alone lowered PGE(2) concentration, and genistein in combination with AA reversed the high level of this prostanoid in cell cultures enriched with AA. The degree of cell invasiveness was reversed by genistein in cell cultures treated with AA and further reduced in those given DHA. The n-3 PUFA, in contrast to AA, reduced COX-2 and NFkappaB expression. Genistein combined with AA reversed the effects of AA alone on the expression of COX-2 and NFkappaB. All three fatty acids increased the expression of PPARgamma in the cells only when combined with genistein. Our results support the premise that DHA and genistein exert complementary actions whilst genistein is antagonistic to AA for controlling PGE(2) production as well as invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells in culture by modulating the level of NFkappaB expression.
Explicit substitutions (1991)

Abstract The λσ-calculus is a refinement of the λ-calculus where substitutions are manipulated explicitly. The λσ-calculus provides a setting for studying the theory of substitutions, with pleasant mathematical properties. It is also a useful bridge between the classical λ-calculus and concrete implementations.
Computational Complexity Reduction for BN2O Networks Using Similarity of States (2013)

Although probabilistic inference in a general Bayesian belief network is an NP-hard problem, computation time for inference can be reduced in most practical cases by exploiting domain knowledge and by making approximations in the knowledge representation. In this paper we introduce the property of similarity of states and a new method for approximate knowledge representation and inference which is based on this property. We define two or more states of a node to be similar when the ratio of their probabilities, the likelihood ratio, does not depend on the instantiations of the other nodes in the network. We show that the similarity of states exposes redundancies in the joint probability distribution which can be exploited to reduce the computation time of probabilistic inference in networks with multiple similar states, and that the computational complexity in the networks with exponentially many similar states might be polynomial. We demonstrate our ideas on the example of a BN2O network -- a two layer network often used in diagnostic problems -- by reducing it to a very close network with multiple similar states. We show that the answers to practical queries converge very fast to the answers obtained with the original network. The maximum error is as low as 5% for models that require only 10% of the computation time needed by the original BN2O model.