gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of pH-Responsive Microgels Containing Methacrylic Acid:  Effects of Particle Composition and Added Calcium (2008)

pH-responsive microgel dispersions contain cross-linked polymer particles that swell when the pH approaches the pKa of the ionic monomer incorporated within the particles. In recent work from our group, it was demonstrated that the mechanical properties of degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) could be restored to normal values by injection of pH-responsive microgel dispersions (Saunders, J. M.; Tong, T.; LeMaitre, C.; Freemont, A. J.; Saunders, B. R. Soft Matter 2007, 3, 486). These dispersions change from a fluid to a gel with increasing pH. The present work investigates the pH-dependent properties of dispersions of microgel particles containing MAA (methacrylic acid) and also the effects of added Ca2+. Two microgels are discussed: microgel A is poly(EA/MAA/AM) (EA and AM are ethyl acrylate and allyl methacrylate), and microgel B is poly(EA/MAA/BDDA) (butanediol diacrylate). The pH-dependent particle properties investigated include hydrodynamic diameters and electrophoretic mobilities. The critical coagulation concentrations (CCC) of dilute dispersions and the elastic modulus (G') of concentrated, gelled microgel dispersions were also investigated. In the absence of added Ca2+, the particle swelling and G' were smallest and largest, respectively, for microgel A. The changes in hydrodynamic diameter and mobility with pH were explained in terms of a core-shell swelling mechanism. Added Ca2+ was found to significantly decrease the CCCs, extents of particle swelling, and magnitude of the electrophoretic mobility. This was attributed to the ionic cross-linking of neighboring RCOO- groups by Ca2+. It is suggested that the formation of ionic cross-links is inefficient within the microgel particles because of the presence of covalent cross-links that oppose the large-scale conformational rearrangement of neighboring RCOO- groups. The effect of Ca2+ on the properties of the gelled dispersions is important from the viewpoint of potential application in vivo. Rheological studies of the gelled microgel dispersions showed that added Ca2+ did not have a specific influence on G'. The differences observed in the presence of Ca2+ were attributed to ionic strength effects (screening). The key parameter that controls G' of the gelled microgel dispersions is pH. The results from this work suggest that the elasticity of the gels would be slightly reduced in vivo as a consequence of the high ionic strength present.
The role of flagella and chemotaxis genes in host pathogen interaction of the host adapted Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin compared to the broad host range serovar S. Typhimurium (2013)

The results showed that flagella and chemotaxis genes differed in their role in host pathogen interaction between S. Dublin and S. Typhimurium. Notably, lack of flagella conferred a more virulent phenotype in S. Typhimurium at systemic sites, while this was not the case in S. Dublin. In vitro assays suggested that this could be related to flagella-induced induction of the IL-6 pro-inflammatory response, but further in vivo studies are needed to confirm this.
Treatment of anogenital condylomata acuminata with topical photodynamic therapy: report of 14 cases and review (2010)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an emerging technique for the treatment of genital human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced benign and premalignant lesions. We report herein a case series of anogenital CA successfully treated with ALA-PDT and review the literature available to date on this topic. Thirteen out of 14 cases of anogenital condylomata acuminata were successfully treated with topical PDT. We conclude that PDT can be considered a highly effective and safe treatment option for anogenital condylomata acuminata. Also, considering the available literature, the best results are likely to be achieved with a 16-20% gel formulation of 5-ALA and a red light dose of 100-150J/cm(2).
Nervous decision-making: to divide or differentiate (2014)

The intricate balance between proliferation and differentiation is of fundamental importance in the development of the central nervous system (CNS). The division versus differentiation decision influences both the number and identity of daughter cells produced, thus critically shaping the overall microstructure and function of the CNS. During the past decade, significant advances have been made to characterise the changes in the cell cycle during differentiation, and to uncover the multiple bidirectional links that coordinate these two processes. Here, we explore the nature and mechanistic basis of these links in the context of the developing CNS, highlighting new insights into transcriptional, post-translational, and epigenetic levels of interaction.
A preliminary study of laser tissue soldering as arterial wall reinforcement in an acute experimental aneurysm model (2003)

These results indicate laser tissue soldering reinforcement of weak arterial walls, is possible and may reduce the likelihood of acute rupture. Further development of this technique for aneurysm management is warranted.
Aus Théorie und Praxis der Bibliotheken. Ein lateinisches Lesebuch zusammengestellt von Hermann FUCHS. Hamburg, Eberhard Stichnote, 1952. (1955)

Guignard Jacques. Aus Théorie und Praxis der Bibliotheken. Ein lateinisches Lesebuch zusammengestellt von Hermann FUCHS. Hamburg, Eberhard Stichnote, 1952.. In: Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes. 1955, tome 113. pp. 307-308.
Palmprint texture analysis based on low-resolution images for personal authentication (2003)

Biometrics identification is an emerging solution for solving security problems in our networked society. A new branch of biometric approach -palmprint technology, whereby the lines and points can be extracted from our palm for personal authentication- was proposed several years ago. In this paper, we develop a new feature extraction method based on low-resolution palmprint images. A 2-D Gabor filter is used to obtain the texture information and two palmprint images are compared in term of their hamming distance. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of our method.
Chemolithotrophy (2009)

Abstract Many prokaryotes, Bacteria as well as Archaea , obtain their energy from the oxidation of reduced inorganic compounds such as hydrogen, ammonia, nitrite, sulfide, elemental sulfur, hydrogen and Fe(II) ions. These organisms can derive all their cellular carbon from carbon dioxide, and they are thus able to grow without any organic compounds and without light. Such microorganisms are called chemolithotrophs or chemoautotrophs. Chemolithotrophic life is possible in the presence as well as in the absence of molecular oxygen. Processes mediated by chemolithotrophic prokaryotes include nitrification (the formation of nitrate from ammonia), production of sulfuric acid from sulfide and elemental sulfur, and the formation of methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Some ecosystems, for example those that develop around deep‐sea hot vents, are entirely driven by carbon fixed by chemolithotrophic microorganisms. Key concepts Certain groups of prokaryotes obtain their energy from the oxidation of reduced inorganic compounds such as sulfide, ammonia and hydrogen, and use carbon dioxide as carbon source. These organisms are called chemolithotrophs or chemoautotrophs. Chemolithotrophy is widespread in the two domains of prokaryotes: the Bacteria and the Archaea . Many chemolithotrophs use molecular oxygen as electron acceptor, but chemolithotrophy is also possible in the absence of oxygen. Nitrate, sulfate, elemental sulfur or carbon dioxide serves as electron acceptors for certain groups of chemolithotrophs. Nitrification, or the oxidation of ammonia via nitrite to nitrate by chemolithotrophic bacteria, is a key process in the global nitrogen cycle. Two types of anaerobic chemolithotrophs oxidize hydrogen with carbon dioxide as electron acceptor: methanogens and homoacetogens, producing methane and acetate, respectively. Chemolithotrophs participate in the biogeochemical cycles of certain metals (iron, manganese) and metalloids (arsenic). In some environments such as deep‐sea hydrothermal vents and certain underground caves, chemolithotrophic primary production driven by the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide provides the basis for the functioning of the ecosystem.
Securing Remote Procedure Calls over HTTPS (2009)

Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) are widely used over the Internet as they provide a simple and elegant way of interaction between the client and the server. This paper proposes a solution for securing the remote procedure calls (RPC) by tunneling it through HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer). RPC over HTTP actually uses the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol as a transport for the traffic. SSL mandates that the server authenticates itself to the client using a digital certificate (and associated private key). SSL is normally configured to encrypt traffic before transmitting it between the server and client and vice versa.
ROCSAT-1 telecommunication experiments (1993)

This paper addresses a telecommunication payload project approved by the R.O.C. NSPO's ROCSAT-1 space program. This project will enable several innovative experiments via the low-earth-orbit satellite ROCSAT-1, including multipath fading channel characterization, ionospheric scintillation measurement, real-time voice communications, and CDMA data communications. A unified L/S-band transponder payload is proposed for conducting these experiments in an efficient way. The results of these experiments would provide the evolving mobile communication communities with fruitful information.
Mature analytical chemistry (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTMature analytical chemistryRoyce W. MurrayCite this: Anal. Chemi. 1998, 70, 5, 160APublication Date (Web):March 1, 1998Publication History Published online1 March 1998Published inissue 1 March 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac981749jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac981749jresearch-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Analytical chemistry Get e-Alerts
Isolation and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Magnoliae Cortex Produced in China. (1991)

A chemical examination of Magnoliae Cortex produced in China (Magnolia officinalis REHD. et WIL S., Magnoliaceae) has led to the isolation of eighteen new lignans and related compounds [four monoterpenyl-lignans : piperitylmagnolol (3), dipiperitylmagnolol (4), piperitylhonokiol (5) and bornylmagnolol (6); seven lignans : magnaldehydes B(8), C(9), magnolignans A(10), B(11), C(12), D(13) and E(14); three norlignans : magnatriol B(16), magnaldehydes D(17) and E(18); and four dilignans : magnolignans F(19), G(20), H(21) and I(22)], together with randainal (7), randaiol (15), sinapic aldehyde, syringaresinol, syringaresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 6'-O-methylhonokiol. Their structures were determined by the chemical and spectral methods.
Statistiques : La navigation intérieure en France (1937)

George Pierre. Statistiques : La navigation interieure en France . In: L'information geographique, volume 2, n°1, 1937. pp. 19-20.
Microfluidic 3D cell culture: from tools to tissue models (2015)

The transition from 2D to 3D cell culture techniques is an important step in a trend towards better biomimetic tissue models. Microfluidics allows spatial control over fluids in micrometer-sized channels has become a valuable tool to further increase the physiological relevance of 3D cell culture by enabling spatially controlled co-cultures, perfusion flow and spatial control over of signaling gradients. This paper reviews most important developments in microfluidic 3D culture since 2012. Most efforts were exerted in the field of vasculature, both as a tissue on its own and as part of cancer models. We observe that the focus is shifting from tool building to implementation of specific tissue models. The next big challenge for the field is the full validation of these models and subsequently the implementation of these models in drug development pipelines of the pharmaceutical industry and ultimately in personalized medicine applications.
Selective accumulation of type 1 effector cells expressing P-selectin ligand and/or α4β7-integrin at the lesions of autoimmune gastritis (2002)

Th1 cells but not Th2 cells accumulate at the inflamed gastric mucosa (GM), while both subsets co-exist in the regional lymph node (RLN) in a murine experimental model for autoimmune gastritis (AIG). To understand the relationship between the immuno-microenvironment and effector localization in GM versus RLN of AIG-bearing mice, cells or tissue sections were stained with several mAb against adhesion molecules. The expression of RNA of various cytokines at these contrasting sites was also assessed. IFN-γ-producing memory CD4+ (Th1) and CD8+ T cells as well as IL-12-producing mature macrophages which express P-selectin ligand and/or α4β7-integrin selectively accumulated in the inflamed GM. Vessel endothelium at the site of infiltration expressed those counter-receptors, P-selectin and mucosal adressin cell adhesion molecule-1. Therefore, the tissue destruction of target tissue in autoimmune diseases might be promoted by a vicious circle between the selective accumulation of type 1 effectors mediated by multiple adhesion molecules and following an unusual type 1-biased microenvironment away from the type 2 response.
Treatment compliance in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (2010)

e16560 Background: Treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) includes surgery, immunotherapy, and/or targeted therapy: kinase inhibitors (including mTOR) and anti-VEGF agents. Little is known about real-world compliance to these emerging treatments. This analysis utilizes recent data to provide insight into compliance, an important component of effectiveness. Methods: A retrospective observational study using SDI Health's claims data was conducted. The study period encompassed 1/1/2005 to 9/30/2009. Qualifying patients were adults diagnosed with RCC, and then diagnosed with a secondary neoplasm (n = 179) or treated with IL-2, IFN, sunitinib, sorafenib, temsirolimus, everolimus or bevacizumab (n = 470) during the study period. A 90-day gap in therapy defined the start and end of therapy. Compliance was measured as the medication possession ratio (MPR). For oral therapies, the MPR was calculated as (the number of days of supply dispensed/the number of days the patient was on therapy). For infused therapies, the MPR was defined as (the administration day plus the duration of clinical benefit (DCB)/the number of days the patient was on therapy). The DCB was based on the recommended frequency of administration in the label and regimen guidelines. Results: The study sample of 649 newly treated mRCC patients had a median age of 63 years. Male patients were more than double females (68.1 vs. 31.9%). Patients were generally very compliant across the entire range of mRCC regimens; the majority (i.e., 86.5% of patients) had an MPR ≥ 80%: the literature's threshold for high compliance. First line and second line patients had similar compliance (mean MPR 91.8% vs. 89.3%, p = 0.34). Within first line, oral therapy had a statistically higher MPR than infused therapy (0.94 vs. 0.89, p < 0.0001) but no difference was observed in second line (0.91 vs. 0.87, p=0.19). Conclusions: The observed compliance was similar across all treatment regimens and administration routes (oral vs. IV) for mRCC patients. Similar rates of compliance likely reflect varying combinations of contributing factors including safety, efficacy, and access to therapy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Novartis Novartis Novartis
Aberrant Processing of Human Proislet Amyloid Polypeptide Results in Increased Amyloid Formation (2005)

The amyloid present in the islets of Langerhans in type 2 diabetes is polymerized islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). The precursor protein proIAPP is posttranslationally modified, a process involving the removal of NH2- and COOH-terminal flanking peptides. This step is performed by the prohormone convertases PC2 and PC1/3. PC2 processes proIAPP preferably at the NH2-terminal processing site, and PC1/3 processes proIAPP exclusively at the COOH-terminal site. Little is known regarding the exact circumstances leading to islet amyloid formation. In this study, we have examined the possible significance of aberrant processing of proIAPP on amyloid formation in several in vitro cellular systems. In our studies, human (h)-proIAPP was transfected into beta-TC-6 cells expressing both prohormone convertases and in which proIAPP is processed into IAPP. Additionally, h-proIAPP was transfected into three different pituitary-derived cell lines with different prohormone convertase profiles: AtT-20 cells (deficient in PC2), GH3 cells (deficient in PC1/3), and GH4C1 cells (deficient in both convertases). We followed the processing of h-proIAPP with antibodies specific for the respective cleavage sites and stained the cells with Congo red to verify the accumulation of amyloid. Incomplete processing of h-proIAPP that occurs in AtT-20 and GH4C1 cells resulted in the formation of intracellular amyloid. No amyloid developed in beta-TC-6 and GH3 cells lines with full processing of proIAPP. An intracellular increase in proIAPP and/or its metabolic products may thus promote intracellular amyloid formation, thereby causing cell death. When extracellularly exposed, this amyloid might act as template for continuing amyloid formation from processed IAPP released from the surrounding beta-cells.
An analysis of alternative slot auction designs for sponsored search (2006)

Billions of dollars are spent each year on sponsored search, a form of advertising where merchants pay for placement alongside web search results. Slots for ad listings are allocated via an auction-style mechanism where the higher a merchant bids, the more likely his ad is to appear above other ads on the page. In this paper we analyze the incentive, efficiency, and revenue properties of two slot auction designs: "rank by bid" (RBB) and "rank by revenue" (RBR), which correspond to stylized versions of the mechanisms currently used by Yahoo! and Google, respectively. We also consider first- and second-price payment rules together with each of these allocation rules, as both have been used historically. We consider both the "short-run" incomplete information setting and the "long-run" complete information setting. With incomplete information, neither RBB nor RBR are truthful with either first or second pricing. We find that the informational requirements of RBB are much weaker than those of RBR, but that RBR is efficient whereas RBB is not. We also show that no revenue ranking of RBB and RBR is possible given an arbitrary distribution over bidder values and relevance. With complete information, we find that no equilibrium exists with first pricing using either RBB or RBR. We show that there typically exists a multitude of equilibria with second pricing, and we bound the divergence of (economic) value in such equilibria from the value obtained assuming all merchants bid truthfully.
Effects of motilin on gastric and pancreatic secretion in dogs. (1976)

13-norleucine motilin (13-nle-motilin), a synthetic analogue of motilin, infused intravenously in graded doses (range: 1.5 to 100 mug/kg-h) produced a dose-dependent increase in basal gastric acid and pepsin secretion and in pancreatic bicarbonate and protein secretion in conscious dogs provided with gastric and pancreatic fistula and Heidenhain pouches. When infused in a constant dose against a background stimulation with pentagastrin, histamine or a peptone meal, 13-nle-motilin inhibited both acid and pepsin secretion from the main stomach and the Heidenhain pouch. It also inhibited dose-dependently secretin-induced pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Since motilin is released by duodenal acidification, it may be involved in the feedback mechanism controlling gastric and pancreatic secretion.
Optimizing LZW text compression algorithm via multithreading programming (2009)

Due to the emerging multimedia technology, multimedia files such as text, image, audio and video files are widely used. These multimedia files take hundreds time more space as compared to early day's media files. Thus, demand for efficient compression algorithm is in great needs. Currently, a lot of general purpose multi-core processor machines and systems are widely available. However, many compression algorithms have not been taking advantage of being optimized for these processors. This paper explores the multithreaded compression algorithm to take advantages offered by multi-core processor.
An atomic level study of multiple co-implantation technology for 32nm and beyond pMOSFETs ultra-shallow junction (2011)

Carbon, Fluorine, and Nitrogen are the co-implant species known for performing PMOS ultra-shallow junction. For the first time, it is demonstrated that the combination of the above three co-implant species could be most effective in suppressing boron diffusion for the continuous device performance improvement of sub-32 nm technology. V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> roll-off characteristics were dramatically improved and a DIBL improvement of 30 mV/V was demonstrated by applying this multiple co-implantation technology. Distinctive effect of each co-implant species for PMOS ultra-shallow junction formation was found and clarified for the first time based on SIMS analysis and kinetic Monte Carlo simulation.
Surface Charge Studies on Lead Borosilicate Glass Containing Trace Sodium (1987)

Surface charge studies of lead borosilicate glass containing from a few to about 100 ppm alkalis by C‐V characteristic measurements of MGS capacitors, together with the stability test of glass‐passivated diodes, show positive surface charge formation by alkali ions. The surface charge shifts under BT treatment of both bias polarities increase with alkali content increase. The shift by +BT is thought to be caused by alkali ion accumulation in the glass‐to‐silicon interface, while negative charges, formed by alkali ion additions, may be considered to migrate and accumulate by −BT. Reducing alkali ion impurities improves high temperature stability to the level of zinc borosilicate glass.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure‐Activity Relationships in a Series of 2(1H)‐Quinolones Bearing Different Acidic Function in the 3‐Position: 6,7‐Dichloro‐2(1H) ‐oxoquinoline‐3‐phosphonic Acid, a New Potent and Selective AMPA/ Kainate Antagonist with Neuroprotective Properties. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.