gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calmodulin-dependent endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide synthase activity is present in the particulate and cytosolic fractions of bovine aortic endothelial cells. (1991)

Endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide (EDRF/NO) synthesized by bovine aortic endothelial cells and subcellular fractions thereof was assayed by its stimulating effect on soluble guanylyl cyclase of rat fetal lung fibroblasts (RFL-6 cells). The release of EDRF/NO by intact endothelial cells could be stimulated with bradykinin, thrombin, or ADP and was abolished in Ca2(+)-free medium. When subcellular fractions were analyzed, some EDRF/NO-synthesizing activity was found in the cytosolic fraction, but most of the activity was associated with the particulate fraction. Both enzyme activities required L-arginine and NADPH for EDRF/NO synthesis, both were inhibited by NG-nitro-L-arginine and NG-methyl-L-arginine, and hemoglobin or methylene blue abolished the effect of the EDRF/NO produced by both enzymes. Both enzymes were highly sensitive to Ca2+; the major increase in activity occurred between 100 and 500 nM free Ca2+. Exposure of the particulate enzyme activity to 1 M KCl removed 39% of the protein and reduced total activity by 46%, but the activity was restored when exogenous calmodulin (CaM) was added. Further KCl washes caused little further loss of protein or EDRF/NO synthase activity. The KCl-washed particulate enzyme could be solubilized with the detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate. The CaM antagonists calmidazolium and trifluoperazine as well as the CaM-binding protein calcineurin inhibited the EDRF/NO synthesis by both the cytosolic and the particulate enzyme. These effects were partially reversed with exogenous CaM. Partial purification of the cytosolic and solubilized particulate enzymes by affinity chromatography on adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate-Sepharose resulted in EDRF/NO synthase activities dependent on exogenous CaM. We conclude that endothelial cells contain both cytosolic and particulate enzymes that synthesize EDRF/NO. Both enzymes are regulated by free Ca2+ and, at least in part, by CaM.
Effects of Mental Task on Heart Rate Variability during Graded Head-Up Tilt. (1999)

In this study, we used spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) to estimate the changes in autonomic control in response to disparate stimuli produced by mental task and graded head-up tilting. The low frequency (LF) component of HRV provided a quantitative index of the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) activities controlling the heart rate (HR), while the high frequency (HF) component of HRV provided an index of the vagal tone. We studied 17 healthy male subjects (21-25 yr of age) who were placed on a tilt-table and the graded tilt-protocol involved tilted sine angles 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0. These tilt-protocols were repeated with or without the mental task, which consisted of auditory distinctive reaction-time tasks. The basal autonomic mode against the graded head-up tilt was characterized by reciprocal changes in sympathetic and vagal tones. There were significant increases of HR corresponding to the mental task with lower tilt-angle, albeit the changes with higher tilt angles were not significant. Furthermore, there were increases and decreases of the LF component induced by the mental task at lower and higher tilt-angles, respectively. These results revealed that the different responses of HR and LF component against the same tasks could be derived from the alterations of autonomic mode during gradual changes in autonomic control.
Vector LLVA (2006)

We present Vector LLVA, a virtual instruction set architecture (VISA) that exposes extensive static information about vector parallelism while avoiding the use of hardware-specific parameters. We provide both arbitrary-length vectors (for targets that allow vectors of arbitrary length, or where the target length is not known) and fixed-length vectors (for targets that have a fixed vector length, such as subword SIMD extensions), together with a rich set of operations on both vector types. We have implemented translators that compile (1) Vector LLVA written with arbitrary-length vectors to the Motorola RSVP architecture and (2) Vector LLVA written with fixed-length vectors to both AltiVec and Intel SSE2. Our translatorgenerated code achieves speedups competitive with handwritten native code versions of several benchmarks on all three architectures. These experiments show that our V-ISA design captures vector parallelism for two quite different classes of architectures and provides virtual object code portability within the class of subword SIMD architectures.
The Growth Hormone-binding Protein Is a Location-dependent Cytokine Receptor Transcriptional Enhancer (2003)

In the rat, a growth hormone-binding protein (GHBP) exists that is derived from the growth hormone (GH) receptor gene by an alternative mRNA splicing mechanism such that the transmembrane and intracellular domains of the GH receptor are replaced by a hydrophilic carboxyl terminus. In isolation, the GHBP is inactive, although it does compete with the receptor for ligand binding in the extracellular space and therefore inhibits the cellular response to GH. The GHBP is also located intracellularly and is translocated to the nucleus upon ligand stimulation. We show here that endogenously produced GHBP, in contrast to exogenous GHBP, was able to enhance the STAT5-mediated transcriptional response to GH. Interestingly, when the GHBP was targeted constitutively to the nucleus by the addition of the nuclear localization sequence of the SV40 large T antigen, greater enhancement of STAT5-mediated transcription was obtained. The transcriptional enhancement did not require GH per se and was not specific to the GH receptor, since similar enhancement of STAT5-mediated transcription by nuclear localized GHBP was obtained with specific ligand stimulation of both prolactin and erythropoietin receptors. Thus, the GHBP exerts divergent effects on STAT5-mediated transcription depending on its cellular location. The use of a soluble cytokine receptor as a location-dependent transcriptional enhancer and the ligand-independent involvement of the extracellular domain of a polypeptide ligand receptor in intracellular signal transduction provide additional novel mechanisms of transcriptional control.
Chemokine receptors and cell migration (2019)

要約：様々な機能的サブセットから構成されているリンパ球は，特定のケモカインとケモカイン受容体によって，それぞれの生体内における移動と特定組織微小環境へのホーミングが制御され，生体における免疫システムの形成および恒常性維持に関与している．また，生理的あるいは様々な病的状況下において異なるケモカインの発現誘導が見られ，それによって起こるリンパ球などの遊走が病態形成に密接に関わっている．本稿では，それぞれのケモカイン受容体と白血球，特にリンパ球サブセットの関係について最近の知見を交えて概説する．
Flocculation of Esch. coli with cationic polymers: a model for the dose curve based on charge. (1996)

Continuously grown cells from a glucose limited chemostat were flocculated with four different cationic polymers. The polymer was added to the cells either dropwise or as a slug at the start of the flocculation period. Dose curves for each polymer type and using each method of polymer addition were constructed. It was evident that classical overdose was possible with all four polymers if slug addition was used. Continuous addition produced dose curves overdose was possible with all four polymers if slug addition was used. Continuous addition produced dose curves with no overdosing except when low molecular weight, low charge density polymer was used. The dose curves could be combined if they were based on amount of charge added. The dose curve was not linear, but fitted a logarithmic model well. Charge density was much more important than MW of the polymer.
Sequential PAttern mining using a bitmap representation (2002)

We introduce a new algorithm for mining sequential patterns. Our algorithm is especially efficient when the sequential patterns in the database are very long. We introduce a novel depth-first search strategy that integrates a depth-first traversal of the search space with effective pruning mechanisms.Our implementation of the search strategy combines a vertical bitmap representation of the database with efficient support counting. A salient feature of our algorithm is that it incrementally outputs new frequent itemsets in an online fashion.In a thorough experimental evaluation of our algorithm on standard benchmark data from the literature, our algorithm outperforms previous work up to an order of magnitude.
Task-block identification and movement for layer-based scheduling algorithms (2010)

The programming with parallel tasks leads to task graphs with dependencies representing a parallel program. Scheduling algorithms are employed to find an efficient execution order of the parallel tasks. A large variety of scheduling algorithms exists, including layer-based scheduling algorithms for homogeneous target platforms that build consecutive layers of independent parallel tasks and schedule each layer separately. The resulting schedules leave room for optimization. This article presents an optimization for arbitrary layer-based scheduling algorithms by adding a movement phase which shifts blocks of tasks to previous layer-schedules. Especially, a block identification algorithm is proposed, which identifies suitable blocks of tasks in arbitrary layer-schedules and, thus, allows the application of the movement of blocks to a wide range of layer-based scheduling algorithms. The block identification and the movement algorithm are applied to two scheduling algorithms and show good performance improvements.
Deformable registration of male pelvises in CT images (2005)

In this paper, a method for deformable registration of male pelvises in CT images is proposed. It is composed of three major steps. Firstly, an attribute vector is defined for each voxel in the image, and is used to reflect the density distribution of the bone tissues in the neighborhood of that voxel. Different anatomical structures thus own different attribute vectors. Secondly, the match of two images under a particular deformation is evaluated by integrating the similarities of attribute vectors on the corresponding voxels. Finally, a set of hierarchical deformation strategies are employed, in order to avoid the local minimum match of two images. The performance of this deformable registration method has been demonstrated by both synthesized and real CT images of pelvises.
Pharmacological activation of PPAR /  stimulates utrophin A expression in skeletal muscle fibers and restores sarcolemmal integrity in mature mdx mice (2009)

A therapeutic strategy to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) involves identifying compounds that can elevate utrophin A expression in muscle fibers of affected patients. The dystrophin homologue utrophin A can functionally substitute for dystrophin when its levels are enhanced in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Utrophin A expression in skeletal muscle is regulated by mechanisms that promote the slow myofiber program. Since activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) beta/delta promotes the slow oxidative phenotype in skeletal muscle, we initiated studies to determine whether pharmacological activation of PPARbeta/delta provides functional benefits to the mdx mouse. GW501516, a PPARbeta/delta agonist, was found to stimulate utrophin A mRNA levels in C2C12 muscle cells through an element in the utrophin A promoter. Expression of PPARbeta/delta was greater in skeletal muscles of mdx versus wild-type mice. We treated 5-7-week-old mdx mice with GW501516 for 4 weeks. This treatment increased the percentage of muscle fibers expressing slower myosin heavy chain isoforms and stimulated utrophin A mRNA levels leading to its increased expression at the sarcolemma. Expression of alpha1-syntrophin and beta-dystroglycan was restored to the sarcolemma. Improvement of mdx sarcolemmal integrity was evidenced by decreased intracellular IgM staining and decreased in vivo Evans blue dye (EBD) uptake. GW501516 treatment also conferred protection against eccentric contraction (ECC)-induced damage of mdx skeletal muscles, as shown by a decreased contraction-induced force drop and reduction of dye uptake during ECC. These results demonstrate that pharmacological activation of PPARbeta/delta might provide functional benefits to DMD patients through enhancement of utrophin A expression.
Parameters of lightning strokes and their effects on power systems (2002)

A lightning stroke can generate transient overvoltage on an overhead line by (i) directly striking a phase conductor, (ii) directly striking a tower or shield wire causing backflash, and (iii) striking a nearby ground. All three types of transient voltages are directly proportional to the return-stroke peak current. In addition, voltages by (ii) depend upon the current front time, and those by (iii) depend upon the front time and velocity of the return-stroke current and on the cloud height. The energy of the lightning flash may exceed the thermal limit of the struck object causing thermal failure. The statistical variations of these lightning parameters are discussed.
LncRNA-RMRP Acts as an Oncogene in Lung Cancer (2016)

Accumulating studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act a crucial role in the development of tumors. However, the role of lncRNAs in lung cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that theexpression of RMRP was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared to the matched adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, of 35 lung adenocarcinoma samples, RMRP expression was upregulated in 25 cases (25/35; 71.4%) compared to the adjacent normal tissues. We also showed that RMRP expression was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549, SPC-A1, H1299 and H23) compared to the bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE). Ectopic expression of RMRP promoted lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. In addition, overexpression of RMRP inhibited the miR-206 expression in the H1299 cell and increased the KRAS, FMNL2 and SOX9 expression, which were the target genes of miR-206. Re-expression of miR-206 reversed the RMRP-induced the H1299 cell proliferation and migration. Our data proved that RMRP acted as an oncogene LncRNA to promote the expression of KRAS, FMNL2 and SOX9 by inhibiting miR-206 expression in lung cancer. These data suggested that RMRP might serve as a therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.
Hollow infrared fibers fabricated by glass-drawing technique (2002)

Hollow glass fibers for delivery of mid-infrared lasers are drawn from a glass-tube preform to produce a long and flexible hollow fiber at low cost. To utilize the interference effect of the thin glass wall, the wall thickness is controlled by the drawing speed. A Pyrex-glass hollow fiber with an inner diameter of 280 microm and a wall thickness of 9.92 microm shows a low loss at 2.94 microm of the Er:YAG laser wavelength when coated with a silver film on the outer surface.
Calcineurin/NFAT Coupling Participates in Pathological, but not Physiological, Cardiac Hypertrophy (2003)

Calcineurin (PP2B) is a calcium/calmodulin-activated, serine-threonine phosphatase that transmits signals to the nucleus through the dephosphorylation and translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) transcription factors. Whereas calcineurin-NFAT signaling has been implicated in regulating the hypertrophic growth of the myocardium, considerable controversy persists as to its role in maintaining versus initiating hypertrophy, its role in pathological versus physiological hypertrophy, and its role in heart failure. To address these issues, NFAT-luciferase reporter transgenic mice were generated and characterized. These mice showed robust and calcineurin-specific activation in the heart that was inhibited with cyclosporin A. In the adult heart, NFAT-luciferase activity was upregulated in a delayed, but sustained manner throughout eight weeks of pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure-overload, or more dramatically following myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. In contrast, physiological hypertrophy as produced in two separate models of exercise training failed to show significant calcineurin-NFAT coupling in the heart at multiple time points, despite measurable increases in heart to body weight ratios. Moreover, stimulation of hypertrophy with growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH-IGF-1) failed to activate calcineurin-NFAT signaling in the heart or in culture, despite hypertrophy, activation of Akt, and activation of p70 S6K. Calcineurin Abeta gene-targeted mice also showed a normal hypertrophic response after GH-IGF-1 infusion. Lastly, exercise- or GH-IGF-1-induced cardiac growth failed to show induction of hypertrophic marker gene expression compared with pressure-overloaded animals. Although a direct cause-and-effect relationship between NFAT-luciferase activity and pathological hypertrophy was not proven here, our results support the hypothesis that separable signaling pathways regulate pathological versus physiological hypertrophic growth of the myocardium, with calcineurin-NFAT potentially serving a regulatory role that is more specialized for maladaptive hypertrophy and heart failure.
Mopac: a partitionable and reconfigurable multicomputer array (1983)

The design of a VLSI compatible, reconfigurable, partitionable multicomputer array is presented in this paper. The resources of the system can be divided into arbitrary size rectangular partitions, and various computational structures can be configured on each partition by distributed configuration process. A scheme to provide each partition with a private bus is introduced. This bus is essential for instruction broadcast and also augments the communication capability of each partition. Design of a special purpose hardware unit responsible for the process of partition allocation is described. This unit assures that the allocation process will not degrade the entire system performance. 7 references.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4-Arylcoumarin Analogues of Combretastatins (2003)

A series of A-ring polymethoxylated neoflavonoids was prepared by ligand coupling reactions involving either Suzuki or Stille reactions. Cytotoxicity studies indicated a potent activity against a CEM leukemia cell line for the compounds presenting a substitution pattern related to that of combretastatin A-4. The two compounds having a 3'-OH and a 4'-OCH(3) substituents on the 4-phenyl B-ring have no effect on human topoisomerases I and II but potently inhibit, in vitro, microtubule assembly. At the cell level, the active compounds were characterized as proapoptotic agents, but they can also trigger cell death via a nonapoptotic pathway.
Blink and it's done: Interactive queries on very large data (2012)

In this demonstration, we present BlinkDB, a massively parallel, sampling-based approximate query processing framework for run-ning interactive queries on large volumes of data. The key obser-vation in BlinkDB is that one can make reasonable decisions in the absence of perfect answers. BlinkDB extends the Hive/HDFS stack and can handle the same set of SPJA (selection, projection, join and aggregate) queries as supported by these systems. BlinkDB provides real-time answers along with statistical error guarantees, and can scale to petabytes of data and thousands of machines in a fault-tolerant manner. Our experiments using the TPC-H bench-mark and on an anonymized real-world video content distribution workload from Conviva Inc. show that BlinkDB can execute a wide range of queries up to 150 × faster than Hive on MapReduce and 10−150 × faster than Shark (Hive on Spark) over tens of terabytes of data stored across 100 machines, all with an error of 2 − 10%. 1.
Domain-wide Prefix Distribution with Two-Level IS-IS (2000)

This document describes extensions to the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) protocol to support optimal routing within a two-level domain. The IS-IS protocol is specified in ISO 10589, with extensions for supporting IPv4 (Internet Protocol) specified in RFC 1195 [2].
The Isomeric 3-Oxa- and 3-Thiagranatanin-7-ols and Their Derivatives; Reduction of Bicyclic Amino Ketones Related to Tropinone<sup>1,2</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Isomeric 3-Oxa- and 3-Thiagranatanin-7-ols and Their Derivatives; Reduction of Bicyclic Amino Ketones Related to Tropinone1,2CHARLES L. ZIRKLE, FRED R. GERNS, ALEX M. PAVLOFF, and ALFRED BURGERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 2, 395–407Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01061a032RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views346Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
High-speed and high-efficiency superconducting nanowire single photon detector array (2013)

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have separately demonstrated high efficiency, low noise, and extremely high speed when detecting single photons. However, achieving all of these simultaneously has been limited by detector subtleties and tradeoffs. Here, we report an SNSPD system with <80 ps timing resolution, kHz noise count rates, and 76% fiber-coupled system detection efficiency in the low-flux limit at 1550 nm. We present a model for determining the detection efficiency penalty due to the detection recovery time, and we validate our method using experimental data obtained at high count rates. We demonstrate improved performance tradeoffs, such as 68% system detection efficiency, including losses due to detector recovery time, when coupled to a Poisson source emitting 100 million photons per second. Our system can provide limited photon number resolution, continuous cryogen-free operation, and scalability to future imaging and GHz-count-rate applications.