gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hormonal Release of Stereotyped Motor Programmes from the Isolated Nervous System of the Cecropia Silkmoth (1978)

ABSTRACT In the moth Hyalophora cecropia, injection of the eclosion hormone into pre-emergence (pharate) animals releases a stereotyped series of behaviours that assist the moth in escaping from the pupal cuticle and cocoon. The preeclosion behaviour begins 15 min after injection and lasts for 60 min. The first 30 min is an active period consisting of frequent abdominal rotations; a 30 min quiet period follows. This is followed by the eclosion behaviour which consists of rhythmic peristaltic waves which move up the abdomen at a frequency of 3−5 per min. The same behaviours can be elicited by injection of hormone into isolated pharate abdomens. The completely isolated abdominal CNS responded to the eclosion hormone by the generation of a programme of motor activity that mimicked that expected during the pre-eclosion and eclosion behaviours. The duration of the pre-eclosion behaviour programme in the isolated CNS was related to the general excitatory state of the preparation and varied from 57 to 325 min. In the latter instances, the behaviour lengthened as a unit with proportional increases occurring in the lengths of both the active and the quiet periods. But the structure of the individual rotational bursts appeared to be independent of these changes in the overall timing of the pre-eclosion programme. The frequency of bursts during the eclosion behaviour of the isolated CNS was always lower than that seen in intact animals. The frequency was not correlated with the length of the preceding pre-eclosion behaviour. It was concluded that the eclosion behaviour represented a behavioural programme that was distinct from the pre-eclosion behaviour. The structure of the eclosion bursts was independent of the frequency of bursting. Isolated pharate abdomens that had been aged for 2 days, often lost the ability to perform the pre-eclosion behaviour but still showed eclosion in response to hormone injection. In these cases the eclosion programme did not begin until 70−90 min after injection. Similar results were obtained with an isolated CNS preparation from an aged abdomen. Hormone was added to isolated CNS preparations and then washed-out at various times thereafter. After an initial exposure of only a few minutes, the hormone could be removed without interference with the initiation or play-out of either the pre-eclosion or eclosion behaviours. It was concluded that the eclosion hormone acts directly on the CNS to trigger two distinct behavioural programmes. The sequential arrangement of these programmes is due primarily to their respective latencies. Each programme has a two-tier hierarchical arrangement which includes a burst timer and a burst pattern generator. Sensory feedback appears to affect different components of the two programmes. In the pre-eclosion programme, sensory input alters the pattern of the rotary bursts but apparently not the number of bursts generated during the behaviour. In the case of the eclosion programme, sensory feedback influences the frequency of bursting but not the pattern of the individual bursts.
Versatile Oxidative Approach to Carbazoles and Related Compounds Using MoCl<sub>5</sub> (2013)

The unique oxidizing power of molybdenum pentachloride provides an easy to perform, versatile, and high yielding method to construct carbazoles and the corresponding dibenzo analogues of thiophene, furan, and selenophene. The coupling reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups. The synthesis is highly modular. By this approach a precursor for the naturally occurring carbazole koenigicine was prepared.
Macrophage‐Stimulating Protein and RON Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: Potential Regulators of Macrophage Inflammatory Activities (2002)

Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) is a serum protein belonging to the plasminogen-related growth factor family. The specific receptor for MSP is the RON (recepteur d'origine nantais) receptor tyrosine kinase - a member of the MET proto-oncogene family. Activation of RON by MSP exerts dual functions on macrophages. The stimulatory activities include the induction of macrophage spreading, migration and phagocytosis. However, MSP also inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of inflammatory mediators, including inducible nitric oxide and prostaglandins. These suppressive effects are mediated by RON-transduced signals that block LPS-induced enzymatic cascades that activate nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkappaB) pathways. Recent in vivo studies demonstrated that inactivation of the RON gene results in increased inflammatory responses and susceptibility to LPS-induced septic death in mice, suggesting that RON expression is required for attenuating the extent of inflammatory responses in vivo. Thus, MSP and RON are potential regulators that control macrophage activities during bacterial infection in vivo.
Menu-driven menu editor and associated menu system (1988)

A menu-style user interface has been developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for distributed control, data acquisition, and data processing. A graphical menu editor, which is itself the first application of the menu system, is used to construct or modify menu hierarchies. Unlike many menu systems, no code need be written to demonstrate a set of menus because there are no subroutine calls to make menus; developers need only write the code that performs the actions indicated by user menu picks. In addition to this rapid prototyping feature, the menu system is integrated with operating system asynchronous traps (in Unix, signals, and selects) so that it supports real-time user interfaces for control in a distributed computer system. UFrsi1
Topoisomerase II alpha is associated with the mammalian centromere in a cell cycle- and species-specific manner and is required for proper centromere/kinetochore structure. (1996)

A study of the distribution of Topoisomerase II alpha (Topo II) in cells of six tissue culture cell lines, human (HeLa), mouse (L929), rat, Indian muntjac, rat kangaroo (PTK-2), and wallaby revealed the following features: (1) There is a cell cycle association of a specific population of Topo II with the centromere. (2) The centromere is distinguished from the remainder of the chromosome by the intensity of its Topo II reactivity. (3) The first appearance of a detectable population of Topo II at the centromere varies between species but is correlated with the onset of centromeric heterochromatin condensation. (4) Detectable centromeric Topo II declines at the completion of cell division. (5) The distribution pattern of Topo II within the centromere is species- and stage-specific and is conserved only within the kinetochore domain. In addition, we report that the Topo II inhibitor ICRF-193 can prevent the normal accumulation of Topo II at the centromere. This results in the disruption of chromatin condensation sub-adjacent to the kinetochore as well as the perturbation of kinetochore structure. Taken together, our studies indicate that the distribution of Topo II at the centromere is unlike that reported for the remainder of the chromosome and is essential for proper formation of centromere/kinetochore structure.
Promises: linguistic support for efficient asynchronous procedure calls in distributed systems (1988)

This paper deals with the integration of an efficient asynchronous remote procedure call mechanism into a programming language. It describes a new data type called a promise that was designed to support asynchronous calls. Promises allow a caller to run in parallel with a call and to pick up the results of the call, including any exceptions it raises, in a convenient and type-safe manner. The paper also discusses efficient composition of sequences of asynchronous calls to different locations in a network.
Oz rock 'n' role survival fantasies (1982)

Rock is pure fantasy. Ozrock is pure shit. That is, it's great. But, how come a supposedly non-violent country produces such aggro rock music?
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2010)

New blood vessel formation plays an important role in breast cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor growth is preceded by the development of new blood vessels, which provide a pathway for metastases and nutrients essential for growth. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key angiogenic mediator that stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and regulates vascular permeability. Highly proliferative tumors, such as those that are negative for the estrogen, progesterone, and HER2/neu receptors have enhanced angiogenesis that supports rapid growth and early metastases and have been found to have high levels of VEGF. Drugs developed to inhibit the angiogenic process may be particularly effective in triple-negative breast cancer. Subset analyses have demonstrated efficacy with combinations of the VEGF antibody bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy and, to a limited degree, with other antiangiogenic agents. Many targeted biologic agents in development inhibit angiogenesis including those that inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin, fibroblast growth factor, Notch, hypoxic inducible factor, 2-methoxyestradiol, insulin like growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase, and others. Ongoing studies are focusing on the effects of these agents in triple-negative disease, and there is an urgent need to identify markers that can predict response to specific targeted therapy.
Comparison of the Major Outer Membrane Protein Variant Sequence Regions-of B/Ba Isolates: A Molecular Epidemiologic Approach to Chlamydia trachomatis Infections (1992)

The molecular evaluation of the chlamydia! major outer membrane protein (MOMP) gene (omp1) can facilitate epidemiologic investigations of this pathogen. Genotyping of omp1 provides a more precise characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis than do current immunotyping techniques. Genetic omp1 variants of serovars that are responsible for ocular disease in Tunisia were identified. Archival conjunctival samples collected during 1972 and 1975 from trachoma patients in Douz were sequenced by automation along with additional Band Ba trachoma and genital isolates. Over 90% of the nucleotide changes resulted in an amino acid substitution. Different amino acid sequence changes in variable segments 1, 2, and 4 were found in the specimens collected in 1975 from those collected in 1972. Determination of ompl genotypes responsible for trachoma will be useful for prospective, epidemiologic studies to identify chlamydial reservoirs within the host, evaluate transmission patterns, and determine the antigenic variation of MOMP for rational vaccine development.
Polymers in conventional and alternative lithography for the fabrication of nanostructures (2011)

This review provides a survey of lithography techniques and the resist materials employed with these techniques. The first part focuses on the conventional lithography methods used to fabricate complex micro-and nano-structured surfaces. In the second part, emphasis is placed on patterning with unconventional lithography techniques such as printing, molding, and embossing, and on their development into viable, high-resolution patterning technologies.
Clearance of IgE from serum of normal and hybridoma-bearing mice. (1985)

The half-life of IgE in the mouse was investigated by using radiolabeled and unlabeled monoclonal antibodies of the IgE class. Quantitative serologic assays were used for the unlabeled antibodies. IgE was cleared rapidly upon i.v. inoculation; after 48 hr, less than 0.2% of the initial concentration remained in the serum. The IgE was cleared initially with a half-life of 1 to 2 hr, attaining a relatively constant value of 5 to 8 hr. The corresponding values for IgG1, determined as a control, were 11 to 12 hr and 9 to 11 days, respectively. The initial stage probably reflects equilibration with extravascular spaces. This is supported by experiments with mice in which IgE-secreting tumors were implanted and then resected; IgE was cleared from such mice with an average initial half-life of about 5 hr. The rates of clearance of inoculated IgE were approximately the same in mice bearing an IgE-secreting tumor and in normal mice. This suggests that the initial rapid clearance of IgE from normal mice is not due to adherence of IgE to saturable sites; such sites might be expected to be occupied in mice expressing high serum concentrations of IgE. This conclusion was supported by experiments in which 1-mg quantities of IgE were inoculated i.v. into normal mice daily for 6 days. Additional IgE injected on day 7 was cleared normally. The results obtained with tumor-bearing mice indicate that the reported failure to elicit an IgE response to an antigen in mice bearing IgE-secreting hybridomas cannot be attributed to rapid clearance of newly synthesized IgE in such mice, as compared with normal mice.
Trends in cellular and cordless communications (1991)

The evolution of wireless information networks is traced from the present first generation systems to next century's third generation. The third generation is envisioned as a unified wireless access replacing the diverse and incompatible second-generation networks with a single means of wireless access to advanced information services. Four issues are examined: the goal a network is designed to achieve, network architecture, radio transmission technology, and the control channels that make it possible for wireless terminals and the remainder of the network to coordinate their operations. In the framework of these issues, present networks are described; the properties of four second-generation networks, GSM, IS-54, CT2, and DECT, are cited; and early work in progress at the Rutgers WINLAB is described. The latter is a packet-reservation multiple-access scheme that can be viewed as a combination of TDMA and slotted ALOHA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Glucose‐ and pH‐Responsive Controlled Release of Cargo from Protein‐Gated Carbohydrate‐Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanocontainers (2013)

Learning to let go: Controlled release of cargo (purple cubes) from lectin (blue squares)-gated nanopores was achieved using mannose (green loops)-functionalized mesoporous silica (see scheme). The protein nanogates could be opened either by decreasing the pH of the buffer or by adding competing glucose (yellow rings) to release the cargo from the pores.
Spectroscopic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Effect of Solvent Polarity on the Fluorescence Emission Behavior of Select Fluoranthene, Fluorenochrysene, Indenochrysene, and Indenopyrene Derivatives (1991)

Fluorescence emission behavior is reported for benz[def]indeno-[1,2,3hi]chrysene, fluoreno[2,3,4,9defg]chrysene, benz[def]indeno-[l,2,3qr]chrysene, dibenzo[a,e]fluoranthene, indeno[1,2,3cd]pyrene, naphtho[1,2b]fluoranthene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, fluoranthene, benzo-[ghi]fluoranthene, naphtho[2,1a]fluoranthene, naphtho[2,3b]fiuoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and benzo[j]fluoranthene dissolved in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity. Results of these measurements are used to classify the various solutes as either probe or nonprobe molecules, depending upon whether measured emission intensity ratios vary systematically with solvent polarity. Also discussed are primary and secondary inner-filtering artifacts associated with selective quenching agents used to help identify/analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in unknown mixtures. Inner-filtering artifacts are illustrated by examining fluorescence emission intensities of 13 “nonalternant” PAHs at different nitromethane concentrations and solution absorbances.
Processing and characterization of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) blends with chain extenders, thermoplastic elastomer, and/or poly(butylene adipate‐ <i>co</i> ‐terephthalate) (2011)

Abstract Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) resin is one of the most widely used thermoplastics, especially in packaging. Because thermal and hydrolytic degradations, recycled PET (RPET) exhibits poor mechanical properties and lacks moldability. The effects of adding elastomeric modifiers, chain extenders (CE), and poly(butylene adipate‐ co ‐terephthalate), PBAT, as a toughener to RPET on its moldability and mechanical property were investigated. Melt blending of RPET with CE, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and/or PBAT was performed in a thermokinetic mixer (K‐mixer). The blended materials were then injection molded to produce tensile specimens. Various techniques were used to study the mechanical properties, rheological properties, compatibility, and crystallization behavior of the RPET blends. By melt blending with proper additives, recycled PET regained its moldability, thereby enabling the recycling of RPET. Furthermore, the addition of CE greatly enhanced the mechanical properties of RPET. While the RPET and TPE blends also showed improved mechanical properties, the improvement was less significant and the blends were often immiscible due to the difference in polarities between RPET and TPE. Finally, it was found that the mechanical properties of RPET blends depended on the prior thermal history of the material and could be improved with an extra annealing step that increased the degree of crystallinity. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Additions and Corrections - Cyclopropyl Conjugation in Olefinic Esters. Conformational Effects on Ultraviolet Absorption (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Cyclopropyl Conjugation in Olefinic Esters. Conformational Effects on Ultraviolet AbsorptionMargaret Jorgenson and Teresa LeungCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 14, 4016Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online26 April 2004Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01042a601https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01042a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antioxidant xanthones from<b><i>Cratoxylum cochinchinense</i></b> (2006)

A new xanthone named cratoxylumxanthone A (1), together with five known compounds: dulcisxanthone B (2), alpha-mangostin (3), beta-mangostin (4), 2-geranyl-1,3,7-trihydroxy-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (5) and tectochrystin (6), was isolated from Cratoxylum cochinchinense stems. The structure of new compound was characterized by 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The isolated compounds showed free radical scavenging against DPPH and lipid peroxidation inhibition.
Alfalfa Seed Size as an Indicator of Hybridity<sup>1</sup> (1973)

The size of hybrid and selfed alfalfa ( Medicago saliva L .) seed were studied with a view to utilizing size differences in breeding procedures. Pollen parents and seed parents both had a measurable effect on alfalfa seed size. On the average, selfed seeds on a given seed parent were about 10% smaller than F 1 hybrid seed. Some pollen parents produced larger hybrid seeds than other pollen parents. Maternal parent ✕ pollen parent interactions also influenced seed size. The reduction in selfed‐seed size was attributed to inbreeding depression. The hybrid‐seed size response was considered to be an expression of heterosis. Seed size was used as a basis to separate hybrid seeds by sieving open‐pollinated seed of white‐flowered alfalfa grown in plots adjacent to colored‐flowered alfalfa. A seedling hypocotyl‐color test was used to identify hybrid seedlings. Seed size and percent crossing were closely correlated in a positive manner. Applications of these results that deserve further study include: (i) the relationship between combining ability for seed size and combining ability for forage yield; (ii) sieving to improve quality of seed stocks; and (iii) increasing the proportion of hybrid seed in hybrid seed cultivars.
DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIAL ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODIES IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS (1985)

An immunodiagnostic test for the detection of a soluble nonprotein mycobacterial antigen by reverse passive haemagglutination with IgM murine monoclonal antibody was developed. The test was used to analyse the cerebrospinal fluid of 89 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) from India and 127 control subjects from India and the UK. The antigen was demonstrable in 88% of culture-positive and 73% of culture-negative TBM patients. However, it was also detected in 21% of Indian patients with pyogenic meningitis, and in 8% of Indian and 1% of UK control subjects. Antibodies binding to a soluble mycobacterial extract were detected at low titre in 68% of all subjects with TBM and in 37% of Indian cases of pyogenic meningitis. Because patients with TBM had raised levels of the antigen and of antibodies to the antigen, the possible role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of the disease is briefly discussed.
Structure vs. Reactivity in Quinoxalinecarboxylic Acids and Esters (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure vs. Reactivity in Quinoxalinecarboxylic Acids and EstersWilson F. Gum Jr. and Madeleine M. JoulliéCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 11, 3982–3985Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01022a531https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01022a531research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts