gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of plasma kallikrein–kinin system inhibitors from salivary glands of the blood‐sucking insect <i>Triatoma infestans</i> (2007)

Two plasma kallikrein-kinin system inhibitors in the salivary glands of the kissing bug Triatoma infestans, designated triafestin-1 and triafestin-2, have been identified and characterized. Reconstitution experiments showed that triafestin-1 and triafestin-2 inhibit the activation of the kallikrein-kinin system by inhibiting the reciprocal activation of factor XII and prekallikrein, and subsequent release of bradykinin. Binding analyses showed that triafestin-1 and triafestin-2 specifically interact with factor XII and high molecular weight kininogen in a Zn2+-dependent manner, suggesting that they specifically recognize Zn2+-induced conformational changes in factor XII and high molecular weight kininogen. Triafestin-1 and triafestin-2 also inhibit factor XII and high molecular weight kininogen binding to negatively charged surfaces. Furthermore, they interact with both the N-terminus of factor XII and domain D5 of high molecular weight kininogen, which are the binding domains for biological activating surfaces. These results suggest that triafestin-1 and triafestin-2 inhibit activation of the kallikrein-kinin system by interfering with the association of factor XII and high molecular weight kininogen with biological activating surfaces, resulting in the inhibition of bradykinin release in an animal host during insect blood-feeding.
Human T‐cell leukemia virus (HTLV‐I) p24 antibody in New York City blood product recipients (1985)

Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) is known to be associated with certain hematologic malignancies, and a related virus, HTLV-III/LAV, might be the cause of AIDS. Some persons with AIDS have had evidence of HTLV-I infection. Unrelated to these findings, it has been suggested that HTLV-I is transmitted via blood products. We therefore evaluated the serologic status to the HTLV-I core antigen p24 of 48 persons with hemophilia (Hem A) receiving factor concentrate therapy (a group at risk for AIDS), 49 persons with beta-thalassemia major (Thal) receiving frozen packed red blood cells therapy (FPRC), 26 patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) receiving FPRC, and 18 persons not receiving any blood products. All participants were clinically well; only one had a risk factor other than hemophilia for AIDS, and all were from New York City, an area with a high incidence of AIDS. No Hem A or nontransfused persons had serum antibody to HTLV core p24 antigen; three with Thal and one with SCA were antibody-positive. These results were confirmed by both radioimmunoprecipitation and Western blot techniques. Positive serology did not correlate with any immune findings or quantity of blood products used. These data support that HTLV-I is preferentially transmitted through cellular blood products and that it is an infection for which cellular blood product recipients in at least some areas of the United States are at risk. Concentrate products appear free of transmission risk relative to cellular blood products, but we cannot be certain that this safety is absolute. The public health implications of blood product transmission of HTLV-I merit active, long-term investigation.
A preliminary study of dopamine D4 receptor genotype and structural brain alterations in adults with ADHD (2008)

An emerging literature has demonstrated an association between the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and volumetric brain abnormalities in children with ADHD. However, these results have not been extended to adults and have not addressed the impact of comorbidity. Our objective was to examine the DRD4 7R gene and volumetric brain abnormalities in adults with ADHD while accounting for comorbidity with bipolar disorder (BPD). Subjects were male and female adult outpatient referrals stratified into two diagnostic groups: 24 with ADHD, 19 with ADHD and BPD, as well as 20 male and female adult community controls without ADHD or BPD. We measured volumes (cm(3)) of a priori selected brain regions (superior frontal, middle frontal, anterior cingulate, and cerebellum cortices) by structural magnetic resonance imaging. Among adults with ADHD, subjects with the 7-repeat allele of the DRD4 gene had a significantly smaller mean volume in the superior frontal cortex and cerebellum cortex compared to subjects without this allele. In contrast, no such effects were detected in the adults with ADHD + BPD or controls. Our findings suggest that volumetric abnormalities in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cerebellum may represent an intermediate neuroanatomical phenotype between DRD4 genotype and the clinical expression of ADHD in adults, but only in ADHD subjects without comorbid BPD. These result support the heterogeneity of ADHD and provides insights as to its underlying pathophysiology.
Discriminatory Detection of Inhibitor-Resistant β-Lactamases in <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism-PCR (1998)

Plasmid-mediated mechanisms, comprising TEM hyperproduction, TEM derivative production, and OXA production, lead to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in enterobacteria. The ability of the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)-PCR method to differentiate the genes encoding inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases was evaluated with three bla(TEM) primer pairs. The bla(TEM) genes, which were known to be different on the basis of their nucleotide sequences (bla[TEM-1A], bla[TEM-1B], bla[TEM-2], bla[TEM-30], bla[TEM-32], and bla[TEM-35]), were identified as different by their electrophoretic mobilities. The bla(TEM-33), bla(TEM-34), bla(TEM-36), bla(TEM-37), bla(TEM-38), and bla(TEM-39) genes, whose sequence differences have been established by oligotyping, displayed different SSCP profiles for different fragments, suggesting genetic differences in addition to those defined by oligotyping. Confirmed by sequencing, these additional genetic events concerned silent mutations at certain positions and, notably, a G-->T transversion at position 1 of the -10 consensus sequence in bla(TEM-34), bla(TEM-36), bla(TEM-37), and bla(TEM-39). Applied to eight clinical isolates of Escherichia coli resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, the SSCP method detected TEM-1 in three strains and TEM-30, TEM-32, and TEM-35 in three other strains, respectively. A novel TEM derivative (TEM-58) was detected in another strain, and the deduced amino acid sequence showed two substitutions: Arg244Ser, which is known to confer amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in TEM-30, and Val261Ile, which has not been described previously. The eighth strain produced an OXA beta-lactamase. Given the discriminatory power and the applicability of SSCP-PCR, this method can be proposed as a means of following the evolution of the frequencies of the different inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases.
Planar-circuit-type 3-dB quadrature hybrids (2002)

The performance of a conventional branch-line 3-dB hybrid tends to deteriorate with increasing operation frequency because of a pair of low impedance series line sections. This paper treats planar-circuit-type 3-dB quadrature hybrids using a rectangular disk, and realizes good characteristics comparable to those of an ideal branch-line hybrid over a wide operation frequency range by efficacious devices without destroying the simple-shaped configuration. In addition, the way of broadening the hybrid property are examined and hybrids with flat coupling, e.g., a relative bandwidth of 27 percent, are obtained at various operation frequencies. These theoretical results are verified experimentally.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Host sialoglycans and bacterial sialidases: a mucosal perspective (2012)

Sialic acids are nine-carbon-backbone sugars that occupy outermost positions on vertebrate cells and secreted sialoglycoproteins. These negatively charged hydrophilic carbohydrates have a variety of biological, biophysical and immunological functions. Mucosal surfaces and secretions of the mouth, airway, gut and vagina are especially sialoglycan-rich. Given their prominent positions and important functions, a variety of microbial strategies have targeted host sialic acids for adherence, mimicry and/or degradation. Here we review the roles of bacterial sialidases (neuraminidases) during colonization and pathogenesis of mammalian mucosal surfaces. Evidence is presented to support the myriad roles of mucosal sialoglycans in protecting the host from bacterial infection. In opposition, many bacteria hydrolyse sialic acids during associations with the gastrointestinal, oral, respiratory and reproductive tracts. Sialidases promote bacterial survival in mucosal niche environments in several ways, including: (i) nutritional benefits of sialic acid catabolism, (ii) unmasking of cryptic host ligands used for adherence, (iii) participation in biofilm formation and (iv) modulation of immune function. Bacterial sialidases are among the best-studied enzymes involved in pathogenesis and may also drive commensal and/or symbiotic host associations. Future studies should continue to define host substrates of bacterial sialidases and the mechanisms of their pathologic, commensal and symbiotic interactions with the mammalian host.
THE SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOÖCTATETRAENE FROM PSEUDOPELLETIERINE (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOÖCTATETRAENE FROM PSEUDOPELLETIERINEArthur C. Cope and C. G. OverbergerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 4, 976Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01196a513https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01196a513research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Technical and dosimetric considerations in IMRT treatment planning for large target volumes (2005)

The maximum width of an intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment field is usually smaller than the conventional maximum collimator opening because of design limitations inherent in some multileaf collimators (MLCs). To increase the effective field width, IMRT fluences can be split and delivered with multiple carriage positions. However, not all treatment-planning systems and MLCs support this technique, and if they do, the maximum field width in multiple carriage position delivery is still significantly less than the maximum collimator opening. For target volumes with dimensions exceeding the field size limit for multiple carriage position delivery, such as liver tumors or other malignancies in the abdominal cavity, IMRT treatment can be accomplished with multiple isocenters or with an extended treatment distance. To study dosimetric statistics of large field IMRT planning, an elliptical volume was chosen as a target within a cubic phantom centered at a depth of 7.5 cm. Multiple three-field plans (one AP and two oblique beams with 160 degrees between them to avoid parallel opposed geometry) with constraints designed to give 100% dose to the elliptical target were developed. Plans were designed with a single anterior field with dual carriage positions, or with the anterior field split into two fields with separate isocenters 8 cm apart with the beams being forcibly matched at the isocenter or with a 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm overlap. The oblique beams were planned with a single carriage position in all cases. All beams had a nominal energy of 6 MV. In the dual isocenter plans, jaws were manually fixed and dose constraints remained unaltered. Dosimetric statistics were studied for plans developed for treatment delivery using both dynamic leaf motion (sliding window) and multiple static segments (step and shoot) with the number of segments varying from 5 to 30. All plans were analyzed based on the dose homogeneity in the isocenter plane, 2 cm anterior and 2 cm posterior to it, along with their corresponding dose-volume histograms (DVHs). All the dual isocenter plans had slight underdosage anterior to the match point and slight overdosage posterior to it, while the dual carriage plan had a nice blending of the dose distribution without the accompanying hot or cold spots. Based on the dose statistics, it was noted that the dual isocenter plans can be clinically acceptable if they have at least a 3-cm overlap. In the case of step and shoot IMRT, the number of segments used in a dual carriage plan was found to affect the overall plan dosimetric indices.
Development of a Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor for In-Situ Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds (2003)

This paper describes the development of a surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensor that is designed to be operated continuously and in situ to detect volatile organic compounds. A ruggedized stainless-steel package that encases the SAW device and integrated circuit board allows the sensor to be deployed in a variety of media including air, soil, and even water. Polymers were optimized and chosen based on their response to chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., trichloroethylene), which are common groundwater contaminants. Initial testing indicates that a running-average data-logging algorithm can reduce the noise and increase the sensitivity of the in-situ sensor.
Location and vascular supply of sinus node in human heart. (1979)

The exact location of the sinus node was determined in 25 infant hearts using reconstructive techniques. The sinus node was found to lie on the lateral aspect of the superior cavo-atrial junction in the great majority (22 hearts). In only 3 hearts was it found to straddle the summit of the crest of the right atrial appendage where it is popularly believed to be located. In the majority of instances a single artery supplied the node (in 11 hearts the artery approached posteriorly, and in 10 the artery approached anteriorly), though there was considerable variation in the exact anatomy of the arterial supply. Connections between the sinus node and atrial myocardium were diffuse and abundant but in no instances were tracts of specialised cells observed leaving the node and traversing any distance through the atrial wall. These findings are relevant to the sinus node dysfunction that may follow cardiac surgical procedures.
Scheduling support for guaranteed time services in IEEE 802.15.4 low rate WPAN (2005)

We propose a real-time message scheduling algorithm which is applied to schedule periodic real-time messages in IEEE 802.15.4 for LR-WPAN (low rate wireless personal area network). The standard allows GTSs (guaranteed time slots) in the optional use of a superframe structure in a beacon-enabled network to be used to exchange real-time messages. To utilize these features of the standard efficiently, a proper message scheduling algorithm is needed. The proposed offline message scheduling algorithm which is based on a distance constrained scheduler generates the standard specific parameters including BO, SO, and GTS information to schedule the given message set. The algorithm is evaluated by simulation and the guaranteed time service using the schedule is implemented and evaluated on CC2420DB which is a prototyping platform including an IEEE 802.15.4 compliant transceiver of Chipcon AS.
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2</i> encoding asparagine synthetase is involved in the control of nitrogen assimilation and export during vegetative growth (2012)

We investigated the function of ASN2, one of the three genes encoding asparagine synthetase (EC 6.3.5.4), which is the most highly expressed in vegetative leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression of ASN2 and parallel higher asparagine content in darkness suggest that leaf metabolism involves ASN2 for asparagine synthesis. In asn2-1 knockout and asn2-2 knockdown lines, ASN2 disruption caused a defective growth phenotype and ammonium accumulation. The asn2 mutant leaves displayed a depleted asparagine and an accumulation of alanine, GABA, pyruvate and fumarate, indicating an alanine formation from pyruvate through the GABA shunt to consume excess ammonium in the absence of asparagine synthesis. By contrast, asparagine did not contribute to photorespiratory nitrogen recycle as photosynthetic net CO(2) assimilation was not significantly different between lines under both 21 and 2% O(2). ASN2 was found in phloem companion cells by in situ hybridization and immunolocalization. Moreover, lack of asparagine in asn2 phloem sap and lowered (15) N flux to sinks, accompanied by the delayed yellowing (senescence) of asn2 leaves, in the absence of asparagine support a specific role of asparagine in phloem loading and nitrogen reallocation. We conclude that ASN2 is essential for nitrogen assimilation, distribution and remobilization (via the phloem) within the plant.
Notes on Danaus gilippus strigosus (Nymphalidae: Danainae) in southern California (1993)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Made with TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-Coated Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Natural Dyes Extracted from Ipomoea (2009)

This paper reports the fabrication of photoelectrode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using TiO2-modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The self-developed nanofluid synthesis system is employed to make TiO2 nanofluid which has good roundness and uniform size, at an average particle size of 40 nm. The self-prepared TiO2 nanoparticles, after being mixed with TiO2-nanoparticle-modified MWCNTs (TiO2-CNT) by sol-gel method, are deposited in an indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive glass by electrophoretic deposition method, thus forming a thin film of TiO2/CNTs of 14 μm thick. As seen from the FE-SEM image and Raman spectra, the CNTs adhere well to the TiO2 nanoparticles. In addition, the developed DSSCs make use of the natural dye extracted from ipomoea. The TiO2-nanoparticle-modified MWCNTs prepared by sol-gel method can improve the performance of DSSCs by increasing the short-circuit current density (Jsc). The enhancement of Jsc is attributed to the increased adsorption area of thin films and the improved interconnectivity among TiO2 particles and TiO2-CNTs. Experimental results show that TiO2-modified MWCNTs prepared using natural dye extracted from ipomoea could enhance the light-to-electricity efficiency of DSSCs by as high as 30% (0.278% to 0.359%).
On the origin of visible photoluminescence in nanometer-size Ge crystallites (1992)

We have studied the origin of visible photoluminescence of Ge nanocrystals in SiO2 glassy matrix. Spectroscopic analyses of Ge nanocrystals indicate that the room-temperature photoluminescence comes from Ge nanocrystals of diameter of 4 nm or less. High-resolution electron microscopic studies imply that the structure of Ge nanocrystals of diameter ≤4 nm differs from the diamond structure. These data suggest that new nanostructure crystalline Ge having a character of direct optical transition exhibits the visible photoluminescence.
Understanding the requirements of self-expandable stents for heart valve replacement: Radial force, hoop force and equilibrium (2017)

A proper interpretation of the forces developed during stent crimping and deployment is of paramount importance for a better understanding of the requirements for successful heart valve replacement. The present study combines experimental and computational methods to assess the performance of a nitinol stent for tissue-engineered heart valve implantation. To validate the stent model, the mechanical response to parallel plate compression and radial crimping was evaluated experimentally. Finite element simulations showed good agreement with the experimental findings. The computational models were further used to determine the hoop force on the stent and radial force on a rigid tool during crimping and self-expansion. In addition, stent deployment against ovine and human pulmonary arteries was simulated to determine the hoop force on the stent-artery system and the equilibrium diameter for different degrees of oversizing.
PET/MR Images Acquired with a Compact MR-compatible PET Detector in a 7-T Magnet (2007)

Simultaneous PET and MR imaging with a 7-T system was deemed feasible.
Perfect hashing functions for hardware applications (2002)

Perfect hashing functions are determined that are suitable for hardware implementations. A trial-and-error method of finding perfect hashing functions is proposed using a simple universal/sub 2/ class (H/sub 3/) of hashing functions. The results show that the relative frequency of perfect hashing functions within the class H/sub 3/ is the same as predicted by the analysis for the set of all functions. Extensions of the basic scheme can handle dynamic key sets and large key sets. Perfect hashing functions can be found using software, and then loaded into the hardware hash address generator. Inexpensive associative memory can be used as a general memory construct offered by the system services of high-performance (super) computers. It has a potential application for storing operating system tables or internal tables for software development tools, such as compilers, assemblers and linkers. Perfect hashing in hardware may find a number of other applications, such as high speed event counting and text searching.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Human IRGM Induces Autophagy to Eliminate Intracellular Mycobacteria (2006)

Immunity-related p47 guanosine triphosphatases (IRG) play a role in defense against intracellular pathogens. We found that the murine Irgm1 (LRG-47) guanosine triphosphatase induced autophagy and generated large autolysosomal organelles as a mechanism for the elimination of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We also identified a function for a human IRG protein in the control of intracellular pathogens and report that the human Irgm1 ortholog, IRGM, plays a role in autophagy and in the reduction of intracellular bacillary load.
On the Weighted-Average Relationship Between Plasma Glucose and HbA1c (2006)

Dr. Trevino (1) has derived a mathematical formula for HbA1c (A1C) change in response to exponential plasma glucose decay. His analysis has shown a faster decay of A1C associated with a slower decay of plasma glucose and posed a question to the weighted-average relationship between plasma glucose and A1C, which we proposed in our previous study (2). Since his derived formula is very complicated and the detailed analytical method is not given, I cannot exactly reply to his question. However, I propose here a new physiological model, which deals with the …
An Improved Method for the Preparation of Symmetrically Substituted Porphyrins via 2-Methoxymethyl-3,4-disubstituted Pyrrole Derivatives (1989)

Abstract 2-Methoxymethylpyrrole derivatives readily available from 2-methylthiomethylpyrroles were found to be readily cyclized to porphyrinogens with formic acid, and subsequent oxidation with O2 affords the corresponding porphyrins in excellent yields.