gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoantibodies against modified low density lipoprotein. Nonlipid factor of blood plasma that stimulates foam cell formation. (1991)

The blood serum of patients with coronary atherosclerosis possesses an ability to induce the accumulation of cellular lipids in primary cultures of human aortic intimal cells. Factors responsible for this property of the atherosclerotic patients' sera are represented by modified (desialylated) low density lipoprotein (LDL) and a nonlipid factor interacting with LDL. It was assumed that the nonlipid factor was antibodies against LDL. Total immunoglobulin G (IgG) fraction was isolated from the sera of atherosclerotic patients, and IgGs interacting with LDL (anti-LDL) were then purified by affinity chromatography on a sorbent with immobilized LDL. From the sera of patients, a 30-fold greater amount of anti-LDL has been isolated than from the sera of healthy donors. The affinity constant of anti-LDL to the lipoprotein obtained from the blood of healthy donors was 2 x 10(7) M-1. The affinity of anti-LDL to the lipoprotein from the blood of atherosclerotic patients, as well as to LDL desialylated in vitro with neuraminidase, was much higher. Anti-LDL increased the uptake of LDL by cultured aortic cells by approximately 2.5-fold and substantially increased intracellular lipid accumulation. The obtained data suggest that autoantibodies against LDL are an essential factor of blood plasma responsible for its atherogenic potential.
Visual Development Platform for White-Box Algorithmic Trading (2010)

As with any software system development project, trading strategy generated by technical analysis, has its life cycle. Some only last for a few months, or even only a few days or hours. The trading strategy becomes ineffective after then. This study attempts to provide a visual based tool that allows traders using simple Drag & Draw method to convert the idea of trading strategy to the program that is ready for execution. At the end of the life cycle of trading strategies, they can be modified, updated or deleted easily. This will make the trading strategies adapt to the fast changing market and let the traders generate more profit.
A Novel Rat Model of Carotid Artery Stenting for the Understanding of Restenosis in Metabolic Diseases (2002)

The effects of risk modifiers such as diabetes, obesity and hypertension on vascular healing after stent deployment are largely unknown, because of a lack of an appropriate animal model to study. Since many inbred strains of rats expressing these phenotypes are available, we validated a carotid artery model of in-stent restenosis in the rat. A detailed histomorphometric analysis was performed on 2-cell Multi-Link(TM) stents (1.5 x 5 mm) deployed in the common carotid artery of male Wistar rats. Early focal thrombus formation around stent struts with adherent leukocytes was evident by day 3. The number of ED-1-positive macrophages was maximal by day 7 and declined markedly thereafter. Neointimal cell proliferation peaked by day 7 (19.3 +/- 6.9) and progressively decreased to <2% by day 60. By day 14, neointimal area was significantly increased (0.39 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.18 +/- 0.05 mm(2) at day 7, p = 0.003) characterized by an enhanced number of alpha-actin-positive smooth muscle cells surrounded by extracellular matrix rich in versican and hyaluronan. At day 28, neointimal area was maximal accompanied by an appreciable decrease in the staining intensity for hyaluronan and versican. By day 60, neointimal area decreased significantly (0.28 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.45 +/- 0.07 mm(2) at day 28, p = 0.04) independent of a change in cell density. This regression phase was accompanied by a marked increase in elastin fibrils and collagen type I. In summary, vascular healing following carotid artery stenting in the rat parallels that of larger animals; however, it is accelerated relative to humans.
Novel materials based on silicone-acrylate copolymer networks (2001)

This article presents a broad class of materials made by copolymerization of a family of telechelic free radically polymerizable siloxanes with various acrylate monomers that polymerize to form high Tg polymers. Films with properties ranging from strong elastomers to plastics have been obtained by UV-initiated bulk copolymerization of functional siloxanes dissolved in acrylate monomers (in the presence of a photoinitiator). The molecular weight of the functional siloxanes, the nature of functional endgroups, the choice of (meth)acrylate comonomer, and the siloxane/acrylate ratio all have a rather dramatic effect on the morphology, and thus, on the properties of the copolymeric networks. Physical properties of the materials, such as optical appearance and mechanical and transport properties are correlated with the unique morphologies observed by TEM studies. Unusual properties such as reversible whitening of some of the materials and low Poisson ratios have been attributed to the microcavitation observed when high Tg acrylate domains interfere with the network deformation. Networks composed of high Tg acrylates (major fraction) coreacted with elastomeric siloxanes can provide heat-shrinkable materials when they are elongated at temperatures higher than the Tg of the corresponding polyacrylates and quenched. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 159–180, 2001
Uniform Voltage Distribution Control for Series-Input Parallel-Output, Connected Converters (2006)

This paper extends the application of current-mode, shared-bus converters to power system architectures configured as series-input, parallel-output (SIPO). By employing a SIPO interconnect method, current-mode commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) dc-dc converters can transform higher input voltages into low output voltages, provide flexible options for power system expansion, and preserve system efficiencies equal to that obtained from standalone converters. However, without proper control, converter internal component mismatch cause the input voltage to be non-uniformly distributed. System reliability suffers as a result of thermal overstress to the converters that contribute a greater portion of the input power. Conversely, robust system stability and uniform input voltage distribution among series-connected converters is realized through input voltage distribution control. Through computer simulation and experimental prototype the uniform voltage distribution power converter architecture is validated and successfully applied
Post-metamorphic fluid infiltration into granulites from the Adirondack Mountains, USA (1988)

Post-metamorphic effects in the anorthosites of the Adirondacks, New York were described. Calcite-chlorite-sericite assemblages occur as veins, in disseminated form and as clots, and document retrograde fluid infiltration. These features are associated with late-state CO2-rich fluid inclusions. Stable isotope analyses of calcites indicates that the retrograde fluids interacted with meta-igneous and supracrustal lithologies, but the precise timing of the retrogression is as yet unknown.
Dynamic Router Performance Control Utilizing Support Vector Machines for Energy Consumption Reduction (2016)

In this paper, we propose a machine-learning-based novel dynamic performance control method for routers that supports several performance levels. The method utilizes support vector machine (SVM) to determine performance level change points. We utilize a traffic normalization technique with a corresponding performance threshold that allows us to apply the same SVM to different traffic volumes. This technique shortens the learning process for control. Several experiments on real Internet traffic data sequences prove that the method yields higher energy efficiency than conventional methods, that is, our previously proposed frequency decomposition-based method and a conventional traffic prediction method based on auto-regressive moving average model with optimal parameter values given by Akaike's information criterion. We also evaluate the impact of several key parameters such as traffic measurement interval and the number of packet processing engines. The results clarify the proper ranges of parameter values that attain significant power reductions while keeping packet loss to acceptable levels.
A Mutation in Endothelin-B Receptor Gene Causes Myenteric Aganglionosis and Coat Color Spotting in Rats (1996)

Congenital aganglionosis rat (AR) is a mutant with an autosomal recessive gene (sl), which shows megacolon caused by the absence of myenteric ganglion cells and white coat-color with a small pigmented spot on the head. Recently, targeted disruption of the endothelin-B (ETB) receptor gene (EDNRB) in the mouse has been reported to cause aganglionic megacolon and coat color spotting resembling the phenotypes of the sl/sl rats. To identify the mutation responsible for the phenotypes of the sl/sl rats, we determined the nucleotide sequences of the EDNRB genes of the sl/sl rats and found that a 301-bp region intervening between direct repeat sequences was deleted in the EDNRB gene, and the deletion produces various transcripts due to aberrant splicing.
Modified Hitschfeld–Bordan Equations for Attenuation-Corrected Radar Rain Reflectivity: Application to Nonuniform Beamfilling at Off-Nadir Incidence (2013)

Abstract As shown by Takahashi et al., multiple path attenuation estimates over the field of view of an airborne or spaceborne weather radar are feasible for off-nadir incidence angles. This follows from the fact that the surface reference technique, which provides path attenuation estimates, can be applied to each radar range gate that intersects the surface. This study builds on this result by showing that three of the modified Hitschfeld–Bordan estimates for the attenuation-corrected radar reflectivity factor can be generalized to the case where multiple path attenuation estimates are available, thereby providing a correction to the effects of nonuniform beamfilling. A simple simulation is presented showing some strengths and weaknesses of the approach.
Smart composition of reusable software components in mobile application product lines (2011)

Mobile application development opens up several challenges to developers. Among these challenges, possibly the most important one is the porting of applications to the heterogeneous devices available on the market. This requires mobile developers to create and maintain several versions of their applications in order to deal with particular features of each platform, including display size, development libraries, sensors, keypad layout, etc. The Software Product Lines (SPL) approach seems to be an useful technique to support mobile application development. A way to make SPL more effective is automating the software components composition for building mobile applications. We present a software infrastructure called AppSpotter that enables the dynamic and automated composition of software components of mobile applications taking into account the particular features of each mobile device. By means of the devices features, AppSpotter determines the components selection and composition of them to build customized mobile applications.
Broadband CW pumped fiber optical parametric amplifier with 49 dB gain and wavelength conversion efficiency (2002)

Broadband, CW pumped fiber-based parametric amplifier with 49 dB of internal gain and wavelength conversion efficiency, corresponding to a net gain/efficiency of 38 dB, is demonstrated. BER measurements indicate performance comparable to EDFAs. These amplifiers may thus find new applications in future lightwave systems.
Abstract 1051: Preclinical analyses of synergistic effect of eribulin and paclitaxel for triple-negative breast cancer (2017)

Abstract Purpose: There is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). To explore the antitumor effect of combination of eribulin (ERI) and paclitaxel (PTX) for TNBC, we conducted preclinical experiments. Materials & methods: Combinational effects of ERI and PTX were analyzed both in vitro and in vivo using two TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, Hs578T). Results: When ERI was added simultaneously with PTX to TNBC cells, the sensitivity to PTX was increased synergistically. On the other hand, synergistic increase of sensitivity to ERI was observed in the presence of PTX. When the TNBC cells were treated with each drug subsequently, pretreatment with ERI for 96 hours enhanced the sensitivity to PTX administrated subsequently. In contrast, pretreatment of TNBC cells with PTX enhanced the sensitivity to the subsequently administrated ERI. When the TNBC cells were treated with ERI, the expression of epithelial marker, E-cadherin was increased, while the expression of mesenchymal markers, pSmad2, ZEB1, Slug, and vimentin were decreased. In contrast, when the cells were treated with PTX, the expressions of mesenchymal markers were increased. When epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was induced by TGF-β in the TNBC cells, the sensitivity to ERI was enhanced, while TGF-β receptor inhibitor (LY2157299) reduced the sensitivity to ERI. Furthermore, knockdown of ZEB1 by small interfering RNA conferred resistance to ERI in both TNBC cell lines. In the mouse xenograft model bearing MDA-MB-231, ERI plus PTX combination therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with either PTX or ERI monotherapy. Furthermore, prior treatment with ERI significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of PTX in the mouse xenograft model. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate an EMT-mediated synergistic antitumor effect by combination of two tubulin inhibitors. This combination therapy may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for TNBC. Citation Format: Takaaki Oba, Ken-ichi Ito. Preclinical analyses of synergistic effect of eribulin and paclitaxel for triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1051. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1051
Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery (2003)

An important goal of the athlete's everyday diet is to provide the muscle with substrates to fuel the training programme that will achieve optimal adaptation for performance enhancements. In reviewing the scientific literature on post-exercise glycogen storage since 1991, the following guidelines for the training diet are proposed. Athletes should aim to achieve carbohydrate intakes to meet the fuel requirements of their training programme and to optimize restoration of muscle glycogen stores between workouts. General recommendations can be provided, preferably in terms of grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of the athlete's body mass, but should be fine-tuned with individual consideration of total energy needs, specific training needs and feedback from training performance. It is valuable to choose nutrient-rich carbohydrate foods and to add other foods to recovery meals and snacks to provide a good source of protein and other nutrients. These nutrients may assist in other recovery processes and, in the case of protein, may promote additional glycogen recovery when carbohydrate intake is suboptimal or when frequent snacking is not possible. When the period between exercise sessions is < 8 h, the athlete should begin carbohydrate intake as soon as practical after the first workout to maximize the effective recovery time between sessions. There may be some advantages in meeting carbohydrate intake targets as a series of snacks during the early recovery phase, but during longer recovery periods (24 h) the athlete should organize the pattern and timing of carbohydrate-rich meals and snacks according to what is practical and comfortable for their individual situation. Carbohydrate-rich foods with a moderate to high glycaemic index provide a readily available source of carbohydrate for muscle glycogen synthesis, and should be the major carbohydrate choices in recovery meals. Although there is new interest in the recovery of intramuscular triglyceride stores between training sessions, there is no evidence that diets which are high in fat and restricted in carbohydrate enhance training.
Intravenous Administration of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy in Mice (2004)

Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by progressive loss of renal function, persistent proteinuria, and relentless accumulation of extracellular matrix leading to glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. This study investigated the potential effects of long-term expression of exogenous hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on normal and diabetic kidneys. Intravenous injection of human HGF gene via naked plasmid vector resulted in abundant HGF protein specifically localized in renal glomeruli, despite an extremely low level of transgene mRNA in the kidney. In uninephrectomized mice made diabetic with streptozotocin, delivery of exogenous HGF gene ameliorated the progression of diabetic nephropathy. HGF attenuated urine albumin and total protein excretion in diabetic mice. Exogenous HGF also mitigated glomerular mesangial expansion, reduced fibronectin and type I collagen deposition, and prevented interstitial myofibroblast activation. In addition, HGF prevented kidney cells from apoptotic death in the glomeruli and tubulointerstitium. Moreover, expression of HGF inhibited renal expression of TGF-beta1 and reduced urine level of TGF-beta1 protein. Therefore, despite the effects of HGF on diabetic nephropathy being controversial, these observations suggest that supplementation of HGF is beneficial in ameliorating diabetic renal insufficiency in mice.
The Metabolism of Tamoxifen (I.C.I. 46,474) Part I : In Laboratory Animals (1973)

1. The metabolism and excretion of a non-steroidal oestrogen antagonist, tamoxifen (I.C.I. 46,474) [trans-1-(p-β-dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene], has been studied in rat, mouse, rhesus monkey and dog using the 14C-labelled compound.2. In all species the compound was well absorbed and extensively metabolized after oral administration. The 14C was slowly eliminated, largely in the faeces. No loss of 14C as carbon dioxide could be detected in expired air from small animals.3. In most of the species levels in the blood were low and showed two maxima following oral dosing. Enterohepatic circulation was demonstrated in rat and dog.4. Metabolic patterns were qualitatively similar in all the species examined. Metabolites were isolated from faecal extracts and bile. Most of the 14C-labelled material was present as glucuronides and other conjugates. Hydroxylation was a significant metabolic pathway in all species.5. A novel metabolite formed by deamination of the side chain, hydroxylation of an aromatic ring and oxidation of the ethyl group was present in rat bile.
The Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Prochlorperazine Delivered as a Thermally Generated Aerosol in a Single Breath to Volunteers (2008)

A thermally generated aerosol (TGA) system can effect reliable delivery of excipient-free drug to alveoli, resulting in rapid systemic drug absorption. We developed a pharmacokinetic model of prochlorperazine, administered by inhalation and as a rapid intravenous infusion, and we determined absolute TGA bioavailability in eight healthy volunteers in this institutional review board-approved, two-period crossover study. After the drug was administered as either a 5-s intravenous infusion or a TGA single-breath inhalation, blood was collected at various times for up to 24 h. Plasma prochlorperazine concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Inhalation and rapid intravenous administration produced similar plasma prochlorperazine concentration profiles. Intravenous and inhalation pharmacokinetics were well characterized by a simultaneous two-compartment model with multiple absorption delays. Prochlorperazine pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to those reported for single intravenous doses. The geometric mean bioavailability after TGA delivery was 1.10. The administration of prochlorperazine by inhalation resulted in pharmacokinetics similar to that seen after intravenous administration, in terms of speed, extent, and consistency of absorption.
Dark current analysis and characterization of In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As/InAs/sub y/P/sub 1-y/ graded photodiodes with x&lt;0.53 for response to longer wavelengths (&lt;1.7 mu m) (1992)

The dark current properties of In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As photodiodes, where x is varied from 0.53 to 0.82 for extending the long wavelength cutoff from 1.7 to 2.6 mu m, are described. Detailed analyses of optoelectrical parameters of In/sub 0.82/Ga/sub 0.1/As photodiodes are presented. Dark current, which is a critical parameter and limits the operation of the photodiode, is analyzed and compared with the experimental values. Typical characteristics of photodiodes with cutoff wavelengths of 1.7 mu m (x=0.53), 2.2 mu m (x=0.72), and 2.6 mu m (x=0.82) are presented. The typical and best values of the dark currents obtained are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The ASTER polar cloud mask (1998)

This research is concerned with the problem of producing polar cloud masks for satellite imagery. The results presented are for Thematic Mapper (TM) data from the northern and southern polar regions, however, the techniques discussed will be applied to ASTER data when it becomes available. A series of classification techniques have been implemented and tested, the most promising of which is a neural network classifier. To use a neural network classifier, the pixels in the data must be transformed into feature vectors, some of which are used for training the network and the remainder of which are reserved for testing the final system. The first challenge is the identification of pure pixel samples from the imagery. The Interactive Visual Image Classification System (IVICS) was developed specifically for this project to make this task simpler for the human expert. After labeling the pixels, the feature vectors are generated. One hundred and forty potential vector elements, consisting of linear and nonlinear combinations of the satellite channel data, have been identified. Because smaller input vectors reduce the difficulty of training and can improve classification accuracy, the set of potential vector elements must be reduced. Two techniques have been tested: a histogram-based selection method and a fuzzy logic method. Both have proven effective for this task. Although the polar region is the only area considered in this work, a system that can produce cloud masks for all areas of the globe will be required. Thus, speed, extensibility, and flexibility requirements must be added to the accuracy constraint. To achieve these goals, a two-stage classification approach is used. The first stage uses a series of static and adaptive thresholds derived from statistical analysis of the polar scenes to reduce the set of possible classes to which a pixel may be assigned, once a cluster of classes has been selected, a neural network trained to distinguish between the classes in the cluster is used to make the ultimate classification.