gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Fast Motion Estimation Method for H.264 (2009)

Compared with previous video standards, the computational complexity of H.264/AVC is extraordinarily high due to newly adopted tools such as variable block size motion estimation, To reduce the high computational demands of H.264 coding standard, a hierarchical search strategy for ME is proposed by the deep research of the characteristics of motion estimation. This strategy consists of improved unsymmetrical cross search pattern, multi-square grid search pattern, hexagon search pattern and small diamond search pattern. This hybrid search strategy has strong adaptability to apply in a wide range of size of motion sequences. It can cover overall search area not to fall into the local minimum and can reduce the complexity. Experiment results show that the speedup improvement of the proposed method over unsymmetrical-cross Multi-Hexagon grid Search (UMHexagonS) can be up to 1.2 times faster. Compared to FS, this method shows an average PSNR drop of 0.01 dB while showing an average PSNR gain 0.01 dB in comparison to UMHexagonS.
Android-Based Verification System for Banknotes (2017)

With the advancement in imaging technologies for scanning and printing, production of counterfeit banknotes has become cheaper, easier, and more common. The proliferation of counterfeit banknotes causes loss to banks, traders, and individuals involved in financial transactions. Hence, it is inevitably needed that efficient and reliable techniques for detection of counterfeit banknotes should be developed. With the availability of powerful smartphones, it has become possible to perform complex computations and image processing related tasks on these phones. In addition to this, smartphone users have increased greatly and numbers continue to increase. This is a great motivating factor for researchers and developers to propose innovative mobile-based solutions. In this study, a novel technique for verification of Pakistani banknotes is developed, targeting smartphones with android platform. The proposed technique is based on statistical features, and surface roughness of a banknote, representing different properties of the banknote, such as paper material, printing ink, paper quality, and surface roughness. The selection of these features is motivated by the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of genuine and counterfeit banknotes. In this regard, two important areas of the banknote, i.e., serial number and flag portions were considered since these portions showed the maximum difference between genuine and counterfeit banknote. The analysis confirmed that genuine and counterfeit banknotes are very different in terms of the printing process, the ingredients used in preparation of banknotes, and the quality of the paper. After extracting the discriminative set of features, support vector machine is used for classification. The experimental results confirm the high accuracy of the proposed technique.
Cloud computing approaches for prediction of ligand binding poses and pathways (2015)

We describe an innovative protocol for ab initio prediction of ligand crystallographic binding poses and highly effective analysis of large datasets generated for protein-ligand dynamics. We include a procedure for setup and performance of distributed molecular dynamics simulations on cloud computing architectures, a model for efficient analysis of simulation data, and a metric for evaluation of model convergence. We give accurate binding pose predictions for five ligands ranging in affinity from 7 nM to > 200 μM for the immunophilin protein FKBP12, for expedited results in cases where experimental structures are difficult to produce. Our approach goes beyond single, low energy ligand poses to give quantitative kinetic information that can inform protein engineering and ligand design.
Evaluation of the specific boundary resistance of superconducting/weakly ferromagnetic hybrids by critical temperature measurements (2011)

The specific boundary resistance, RB, of superconducting (S)/ferromagnetic (F) hybrids is obtained by measuring the dependence of the superconducting critical temperature, Tc, as a function of the thickness of the ferromagnetic layers, dF, and of the thickness of the superconducting layers, dS, in S/F bilayers and of the number of S/F bilayers, Nbil, for large values of Nbil, in F/[S/F]Nbil multilayers. We choose Nb for the superconducting material and two weakly ferromagnetic alloys, Cu0.38Ni0.62 and Pd0.81Ni0.19, for F. Analyzing the experimental results by using a matrix formulation of a theoretical model based on the Usadel equations, we are able to determine the value of RB which for both the S/F hybrids is of the order of 1 fΩm2.
New dynamic RAM Cell for VLSI memories (1982)

A novel high-alpha-particle-immunity and high-density dynamic RAM cell with readout signal gain is proposed. The cell is composed of a MOSFET for charge transfer, a MOS capacitor for charge storage and a junction FET (JFET) with buried channel under the MOS capacitor. The buried channel is dynamically switched according to whether there is charge-storage or not. The cell has extremely small collection efficiency for charges generated by alpha-particles, and allows a large amount of leakage charges due to its peculiar structure. Thus, it can achieve high packing density.
<title>Optically and machine-detectable copying security elements</title> (1996)

Since their introduction at the SPIE-conference 'Holographic Optical Security Systems' in The Hague in 1991, the printed security structures like SAM (screen angle modulation) and FREM (frequency modulation) have proven their value in the protection against digital color-copiers. Over the past years the SAM security structures have been used extensively in security documents, not only as a anti-copying structure but increasingly as an optically or machine detectable security feature, using respectively a SAM-screener and Laplace-filtering. This last feature of optical- or machine-detectability is becoming of more importance due to the fact that publicly available image processing software is getting more and more advanced. Once a document has been scanned into a computer, the use of digital filtering techniques may well overrule, imitate or simulate many security features. By increasing the frequency of the SAM- structures to a higher level, leading to so-called (mu) SAM (micro SAM) or the use of sample band image coding (SABIC), structures are obtained that cannot be reproduced with standard equipment. Moreover, these structures have been designed such that their presence in a security document is easily checked, either by simple optical means or during scanning by a simple image processor. For different application areas different techniques have been developed such as symmetry-breaking ((mu) SAM screener), (one-sided) Laplace-filtering, envelope-detection and optical Fourier domain-filtering.
Thin-Film Planar Gradiometer with Long Baseline (2006)

Gradiometers are attractive for magnetic field measurements in noisy environments. Thin-film planar gradiometers are in particular attractive for measurements of the off-diagonal components of the magnetic field gradient tensor, and they can be fabricated with high intrinsic balance owing to the precision photolithographic techniques used to fabricate these devices. We have developed a low-Tc first-order planar gradiometer with a long baseline of 4 cm. The pickup loops are series configured and connected to the input circuit of a dual washer gradiometric dc SQUID. The white rms flux noise measured in a shielded environment is 1.6 µΦ0/Hz½. The magnetic field sensitivity referred to one pickup loop is 2 nT/Φ0, resulting in an rms magnetic field noise referred to one pickup loop of 3.2 fT/Hz½ and an rms gradient noise of 0.8 fT/cm-Hz½. Based on the lithographic methods used to fabricate the gradiometers, the expected balance level is 1 part in 24, 000 or 0.004%. The gradiometer is operable without shielding in typical laboratory environments without losing lock, with an rms white noise at 10 kHz of 3.5 µΦ0/Hz½.
Direct Immobilization of Protein G Variants with Various Numbers of Cysteine Residues on a Gold Surface (2007)

Protein G is an antibody binding protein, which specifically targets the Fc region of an antibody. It therefore has been widely used to immobilize different types of antibodies in numerous immunoassays. Here, we have engineered Streptococcus protein G to contain various numbers of cysteine residues at the N-terminus and therefore to form well-oriented protein G films on bare gold. SPR and SPR imaging analyses indicated that a gold surface treated with cysteine-tagged protein G possesses a superior antibody binding ability compared to one treated with tag-free protein G. AFM images indicated a higher surface coverage by antibody binding on the cysteine-tagged protein G surface than the intact protein G surface. The proper orientation of cysteine-tagged protein G on a gold surface also afforded better orientation of immobilized antibodies, resulting in enhanced antigen detection. Moreover, the protein G surfaces maintained their high antibody binding ability during multiple rounds of antibody interaction tests. The cysteine-tagged protein G constructed in this study can be a valuable link for oriented antibody immobilization in a variety of immunosensors.
Detection and phylogenetic analysis of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in Chile (2015)

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is the etiological agent of a highly contagious disease that is endemic to salmon farming in Chile and causes great economic losses to the industry. Here we compared different diagnostic methods to detect IPNV in field samples, including 3 real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assays, cell culture isolation, and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Additionally, we performed a phylogenetic analysis to investigate the genogroups prevailing in Chile, as well as their geographic distribution and virulence. The 3 qRT-PCR assays used primers that targeted regions of the VP2 and VP1 genes of the virus and were tested in 46 samples, presenting a fair agreement within their results. All samples were positive for at least 2 of the qRT-PCR assays, 29 were positive for cell culture, and 23 for IFAT, showing less sensitivity for these latter 2 methods. For the phylogenetic analysis, portions of 1180 and 523 bp of the VP2 region of segment A were amplified by RT-PCR, sequenced and compared with sequences from reference strains and from isolates reported by previous studies carried out in Chile. Most of the sequenced isolates belonged to genogroup 5 (European origin), and 5 were classified within genogroup 1 (American origin). Chilean isolates formed clusters within each of the genogroups found, evidencing a clear differentiation from the reference strains. To our knowledge, this is the most extensive study completed for IPNV in Chile, covering isolates from sea- and freshwater salmon farms and showing a high prevalence of this virus in the country.
Fractionation of the C-Apoproteins from Human Plasma Very Low Density Lipoproteins (1973)

Abstract The use of urea in gel and ion exchange chromatography is shown to facilitate greatly the fractionation of the C-apolipoproteins from human plasma very low density lipoproteins. However, it is demonstrated that the use of urea at room temperature can lead to the production of artifactual polymorphism through carbamylation of the C-apolipoproteins. The bead column technique of Sachs and Painter has been adapted for use with superfine Sephadex gels and urea solutions for the rapid and reproducible fractionation of the very low density apolipoproteins.
132. Cinnolines. Part IV. The preparation of 4-hydroxycinnolines, and the mechanism of cinnoline syntheses (1945)

K. Schofield and J. C. E. Simpson, J. Chem. Soc., 1945, 520 DOI: 10.1039/JR9450000520
Relating documents via user activity (2008)

In this paper we describe a system for creating and exposing relationships between documents: a user's interaction with digital objects (like documents) is interpreted as links - to be discovered and maintained by the system. Such relationships are created automatically, requiring no priming by the user. Using a very simple set of heuristics, we demonstrate the uniquely useful relationships that can be established between documents that have been touched by the user. Furthermore, this mechanism for relationship building is media agnostic, thus discovering relationships that would not be found by conventional content based approaches. We describe a proof-of-concept implementation of this basic idea and discuss a couple of natural expansions of the scope of user activity monitoring.
Modification of the 5' terminus of mRNA by an RNA (guanine-7-)-methyltransferase from HeLa cells. (1976)

The 5' termini of many viral and cellular mRNAs contain sequences of the type m7G(5")pppNm. An RNA (guanine-7-)-methyltransferase that specifically methylates the 5'-terminal guanosine residue of RNAs ending in the dinucleoside triphosphate G(5')pppN- has been purified from the cytoplasm of HeLa cells. Approximately two-thirds of the methyltransferase activity detected in an assay employing umnethylated vaccinia virus mRNA as acceptor was located in the cytoplasm when cells were disrupted by Dounce homogenization; 30% of the cytoplasmic activity was associated with ribosomes but was removed by washing with 0.5 M KCl. The enzyme was purified 165-fold from the cytoplasm by removing nucleic acid by phase partition followed by ammonium sulfate precipitation and column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, denatured DNA-agarose, and CM-Sephadex. The partially purified enzyme preparation methylated heterologous tRNAs as well as vaccinia mRNA, but the tRNA methyltransferases could be separated from the mRNA activity by sucrose gradient sedimentation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The product of the partially purified enzyme using vaccinia mRNA as substrate was exclusively 7-methylguanosine located in the terminal dinucleoside triphosphate. In addition to RNAs and synthetic polyribonucleotides terminating in a dinucleoside triphosphate, free G(5')pppG could be methylated but GTP, GDP, and G(5')pppG could not. The enzyme also methylated the dinucleoside diphosphate G(5')pppG but much less efficiently than G(5')pppG. An S20, W of 3.8, a Stokes radius of 3.6 nm, and a molecular weight of 56,000 were obtained from sucrose gradient sedimentation and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography.
Improving the Learning of Self-driving Vehicles Based on Real Driving Behavior using Deep Neural Network Techniques (2020)

Considering the significant advancements in autonomous vehicle technology, research in this field is of interest to researchers. To drive vehicles autonomously, controlling steer angle, gas hatch, and brakes need to be learned. The behavioral cloning method is used to imitate humans&rsquo; driving behavior. We created a dataset of driving in different routes and conditions and using the designed model, the output used for controlling the vehicle is obtained. In this paper, the Learning of Self-driving Vehicles Based on Real Driving Behavior Using Deep Neural Network Techniques (LSV-DNN) is proposed. We designed a convolutional network which uses the real driving data obtained through the vehicle&rsquo;s camera and computer. The response of the driver is during driving is recorded in different situations and by converting the real driver&rsquo;s driving video to images and transferring the data to an excel file, obstacle detection is carried out with the best accuracy and speed using the Yolo algorithm version 3. This way, the network learns the response of the driver to obstacles in different locations and the network is trained with the Yolo algorithm version 3 and the output of obstacle detection. Then, it outputs the steer angle and amount of brake, gas, and vehicle acceleration. The LSV-DNN is evaluated here via extensive simulations carried out in Python and TensorFlow environment. We evaluated the network error using the loss function. By comparing other methods which were conducted on the simulator&rsquo;s data, we obtained good performance results for the designed network on the data from KITTI benchmark, the data collected using a private vehicle, and the data we collected.
Mobile IP Traversal of Network Address Translation (NAT) Devices (2003)

Mobile IP's datagram tunnelling is incompatible with Network Address Translation (NAT). This document presents extensions to the Mobile IP protocol and a tunnelling method which permits mobile nodes using Mobile IP to operate in private address networks which are separated from the public internet by NAT devices. The NAT traversal is based on using the Mobile IP Home Agent UDP port for encapsulated data traffic.
Three SnRK2 Protein Kinases are the Main Positive Regulators of Abscisic Acid Signaling in Response to Water Stress in Arabidopsis (2009)

Responses to water stress are thought to be mediated by transcriptional regulation of gene expression via reversible protein phosphorylation events. Previously, we reported that bZIP (basic-domain leucine zipper)-type AREB/ABF (ABA-responsive element-binding protein/factor) transcription factors are involved in ABA signaling under water stress conditions in Arabidopsis. The AREB1 protein is phosphorylated in vitro by ABA-activated SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) such as SRK2D/SnRK2.2, SRK2E/SnRK2.6 and SRK2I/SnRK2.3 (SRK2D/E/I). Consistent with this, we now show that SRK2D/E/I and AREB1 co-localize and interact in nuclei in planta. Our results show that unlike srk2d, srk2e and srk2i single and double mutants, srk2d srk2e srk2i (srk2d/e/i) triple mutants exhibit greatly reduced tolerance to drought stress and highly enhanced insensitivity to ABA. Under water stress conditions, ABA- and water stress-dependent gene expression, including that of transcription factors, is globally and drastically impaired, and jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive and flowering genes are up-regulated in srk2d/e/i triple mutants, but not in other single and double mutants. The down-regulated genes in srk2d/e/i and areb/abf triple mutants largely overlap in ABA-dependent expression, supporting the view that SRK2D/E/I regulate AREB/ABFs in ABA signaling in response to water stress. Almost all dehydration-responsive LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) protein genes and group-A PP2C (protein phosphatase 2C) genes are strongly down-regulated in the srk2d/e/i triple mutants. Further, our data show that these group-A PP2Cs, such as HAI1 and ABI1, interact with SRK2D. Together, our results indicate that SRK2D/E/I function as main positive regulators, and suggest that ABA signaling is controlled by the dual modulation of SRK2D/E/I and group-A PP2Cs.
Codifier: A Programmer-Centric Search User Interface (2008)

Search tools have transformed knowledge discovery by exposing information from previously hidden repositories to the workers who need it. Search engines like Google and Live.com provide search capabilities via a simple one-line text query box, and present results in a paged HTML list. When the repository being searched contains structured information with extractable metadata (e.g. program source code), it can be advantageous to index the metadata and use it to enable queries that are more task-centric and suitable for an domain-specific audience.
Trapping Fish Genes with Transposons (2005)

Several recent papers describe pilot screens establishing enhancer and gene trap methodologies for use in fish. They have proven these approaches by characterizing genes with novel and sometimes unexpected expression patterns. The resulting fish lines with tissue-specific GFP expression patterns are now being used in further developmental genetics experiments, enhancing the value of fish models for exploring novel biological phenomena. Both Tol2 and Sleeping Beauty transposon systems have been successfully adapted for the construction of enhancer and gene trap vectors. This review summarizes the results presented in these papers and compares this first generation of trap vectors. Future challenges and perspectives for wider use of these methodologies are also discussed.
Übergansmetall‐π‐Komplexe mit siebengliedrigen cyclischen Liganden (1972)

Abstract Über das System Metallhalogenid/Cycloheptatrien bzw. Cycloheptadien‐(1.3)/Isopropyl‐Grignard/Äther wurden Komplexe der Zusammensetzung VC 14 H 16 , CrC 14 H 17 , FeC 14 H 18 und CoC 14 H 19 sowie bereits bekanntes TiC 14 H 16 synthetisiert, die ausschließlich π‐gebundene Siebenring‐Liganden enthalten. Die chemischen, spektroskopischen und magnetischen Eigenschaften der Verbindungen weisen auf das Vorliegen von Dicycloheptatrienvanadin(0) ( 1 ), Cycloheptatrienyl‐cycloheptadien‐(1.3)‐chrom(–I) ( 6 ), Dicycloheptadienyleisen(II) ( 9 ) und Cycloheptadienyl‐cycloheptadien‐(1.3)‐kobalt(I) ( 10 ) hin.
Ligand‐induced shedding of discoidin domain receptor 1 (2002)

Tyrosine kinases belonging to the discoidin domain receptor (DDR) family are activated upon stimulation with various types of collagen. In response to collagen treatment, immunoprecipitation of DDR1 with an antibody specific to the juxtamembrane region results in co-purification of a previously unrecognized tyrosine phosphorylated protein of 62 kDa molecular weight. Here, this protein is identified as C-terminal cleavage product of the full-length DDR1 receptor and a DDR1-specific shedding enzyme postulated. Shedding of DDR1 can be partially blocked by the furin inhibitor decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone and completely inhibited by the hydroxamate-based inhibitor batimastat. The characteristic of the DDR1 sheddase to be blocked by batimastat suggests that it belongs to the membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase or disintegrin and metalloproteinase family of proteases.
Modeling a priori information on the velocity field in reflection tomography (1993)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993Modeling a priori information on the velocity field in reflection tomographyAuthors: D. SinoquetD. SinoquetInstitut Francais du Petrole, Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822560 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822560FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByRegularization in slope tomographyGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 73, No. 5Regularization in slope tomographyJ. C. Costa, F. J. C. Silva, E. N. S. Gomes, J. Schleicher, A. Melo, and D. Amazonas15 December 2008Shaping regularization in geophysical-estimation problemsGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 72, No. 27. Migration Velocity Analysis21 March 200711. Migration Velocity Analysis21 March 20062D multiscale non-linear velocity inversionGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. 48, No. 1Smooth velocity models in reflection tomography for imaging complex geological structuresGeophysical Journal International, Vol. 124, No. 2 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1993 Pages: 1396 publication data© 1993 Copyright © 1993 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION D. Sinoquet, (1993), "Modeling a priori information on the velocity field in reflection tomography," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 591-594. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822560 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Can cancellable biometrics preserve privacy? (2017)

Biometrics increasingly form the basis of identification and recognition across many sensitive applications. But as the use of biometric systems increases, so do the threats against them. The secure storage of biometric templates has therefore become a key issue in the modern era; the acceptance of biometric authentication devices by the general public is dependent on the perceived level of security of biometric information templates stored within databases.