gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Diversity Of Fiber Optic Rotary Connectors (Slip Rings) (1988)

About 50 different fiber optic rotary connectors, or fiber optic slip rings, have been built or described in the literature. These are devices for transmitting fiber optic signals across a rotating interface. The simplest are single channel slip rings where two multimode fibers face each other across a rotary interface. Losses are in the 3-4 dB range, or 1.5-3 dB if lenses are used to inject or collect light across the air gap, and light can be transmitted in either direction. Multiple channel optical slip rings have the advantage of redundancy and transmitting more data, omitting the necessity of multiplexing, while possibly freeing the rotational axis of the slip ring for a microwave, hydraulic, or pneumatic rotary joint. A number of different designs have been advanced which can be grouped into (1) concentric annular fiber bundles, (2) circular waveguides comprising open reflective channels or transparent dielectrics in the form of rings, rods, tubes, or wrapped fiber, (3) derotating intermediate optical components comprising prisms, mirrors, or fiber bundles, and (4) coaxial arrangement of mirrors and lenses rotating synchronously. These devices are primarily for large diameter multimode fiber and are often described for passive or active operation, i.e., they may incorporate active light sources and receivers rather than passively transmitting light supplied by optical fiber. The technical challenge in building a multiple, off-axis fiber optic slip ring is having incoming light available for transmission over 360Ã‚Â° of rotation, transmitting the light across the rotational interface with minimum light loss, dispersion, and modulation, then collecting sufficient light on the receiving side for further transmission. Important causes of light loss in optical slip rings are axial and angular misalignment of the two rotating members, Fresnel losses, and lens to fiber misalignment. During operation losses may result from dust; fogging, breakage, aging, elevated temperatures, and radiation. The system designer must carefully consider matching the slip ring to the light modulation method to avoid degrading or distorting signal transmission. An ideal optical slip ring would be passive, off-axis, bidirectional, achromatic, and capable of supporting any size single or multimode fiber.
Improvement of artificial diet for aphidophagous syrphids, Episyrphus balteatus (de Geer) and Eupeodes bucculatus (Rondani) (Diptera: Syrphidae)—Additional effects of fatty acids and preservatives (2009)

The addition of fatty acids to drone honeybee brood powder (DP)-containing gel diet was found to improve larval development of aphidophagous syrphids, Episyrphus balteatus and Eupeodes bucculatus (Diptera: Syrphidae). When each fatty acid was added singly to the basic diet, the emergence rate was higher than on unsupplemented diets in E. bucculatus. In particular, the addition of oleic acid and linoleic acid improved the emergence rate and adult body size. The combination of both acids was most effective for the development of E. bucculatus. Two gel diets, consisting of DP, oleic acid, and linoleic acid at specific rates, were designed for young and old larvae, respectively; diet agar concentration was also specified. When these diets were provided to larvae of both species, these emergence rates exceeded 90% and adult body sizes were equivalent to aphid-fed controls. Three preservatives to stabilize diets were tested: propionic acid, sodium benzoate, and methyl paraben. Propionic acid (0.5%) had no effects on E. balteatus, but the emergence rate of E. bucculatus was much inferior to the control diet even at a concentration of just 0.1%.
A motif present in the main cytoplasmic loop of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and catalases (2001)

A motif containing five conserved amino acids (RXPXTH(X)14P) was detected in 111 proteins, including 82 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits and 20 catalases. To explore possible functional roles of this motif in nAChRs two approaches were used: first, the motif sequences in nAChR subunits and catalases were analysed and compared; and, second, deletions in the rat alpha2 and beta4 nAChR subunits expressed in Xenopus oocytes were analysed. Compared to the three-dimensional structure of bovine hepatic catalase, structural coincidences were found in the motif of catalases and nAChRs. On the other hand, partial deletions of the motif in the alpha2 or beta4 subunits and injection of the mutants into oocytes was followed by a very weak expression of functional nAChRs; oocytes injected with alpha2 and beta4 subunits in which the entire motif had been deleted failed to elicit any acetylcholine currents. The results suggest that the motif may play a role in the activation of nAChRs.
GramCheck: A Grammar and Style Checker (1996)

This paper presents a grammar and style checker demonstrator for Spanish and Greek native writers developed within the project GramCheck. Besides a brief grammar error typology for Spanish, a linguistically motivated approach to detection and diagnosis is presented, based on the generalized use of PROLOG extensions to highly typed unification-based grammars. The demonstrator, currently including full coverage for agreement errors and certain head-argument relation issues, also provides correction by means of an analysis-transfer-synthesis cycle. Finally, future extensions to the current system are discussed.
Anticorpos contra beta2-glicoproteína I como fatores de risco para infarto agudo do miocárdio (2004)

Anti-beta2-gpI IgA antibodies, but not anticardiolipin antibodies, seemed to behave as independent risk factors for myocardial infarction, which may represent a link between autoimmunity and atherosclerosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Advances in instrumentation (1966)

Abstract Developments since 1960 include the mark II Willmore seismometer, the long period A.W.R.E. seismometer, the techniques of recording and processing for multichannel arrays, and the techniques of recording and playback which have come into use at Edinburgh. As the array work will be covered in other papers, this presentation will draw attention to the special features of the seismometers and of the Edinburgh system.
Correction of instrumental time response variation with wavelength in fluorescence lifetime determinations in the ultraviolet region (1977)

The successful ratio correction technique described earlier to account for and eliminate the instrumental time response variation with wavelength was limited to wavelengths in the visible region. In this paper we described a modification of the ratio correction technique which allows the extension of this technique into the ultraviolet region (&lt;350 nm). The modified technique is shown to allow the confident determination of fluorescence decay parameters of several molecular systems which show either single- or multiexponential decay in the ultraviolet region.
Chemistry of singlet oxygen. X. Carotenoid quenching parallels biological protection (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of singlet oxygen. X. Carotenoid quenching parallels biological protectionChristopher S. Foote, Yew C. Chang, and Robert W. DennyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 17, 5216–5218Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00720a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00720a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views770Altmetric-Citations341LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Depth and Geometry from a Single 2D Image Using Triangulation (2012)

We present a novel method for computing depth of field and geometry from a single 2D image. This technique, unlike the existing ones measures the absolute depth of field and distances in the scene from single image only using the concept of triangulation. This algorithm requires minimum inputs such as camera height, camera pitch angle and camera field of view for computing the depth of field and 3D coordinates of any given point in the image. In addition, this method can be used to compute the actual size of an object in the scene (width and height) as well as the distance between different objects in the image. The proposed methodology has the potential to be implemented in high impact applications such as distance measurement from mobile phones, robot navigation and aerial surveillances.
Fruit extracts antagonize Aβ- or DA-induced deficits in Ca2+ flux in M1-transfected COS-7 cells (2004)

Evidence suggests that there is a selective sensitivity to oxidative stress (OSS) among muscarinic receptor (MAChR) subtypes with M1, M2 and M4 showing > OSS than M3 or M5 subtypes in transfected COS-7 cells. This may be important in determining the regional specificity in neuronal aging and Alzheimer disease (AD). We assessed the effectiveness of blueberry (BB) and other high antioxidant (HA) fruit extracts (boysenberry, BY; cranberry, CB; black currant, BC; strawberry, SB; dried plums, DP; and grape, GR) on the toxic effects of Abeta 25-35 (100 microM, 24 hrs) and DA (1 mM, 4 hrs) on calcium buffering (Recovery) following oxotremorine (750 microM) -induced depolarization in M1AChR-transfected COS-7 cells, and on cell viability following DA (4 hrs) exposure. The extracts showed differential levels of Recovery protection in comparisons to the non-supplemented controls that was dependent upon whether DA or Abeta was used as the pretreatment. Interestingly, assessments of DA-induced decrements in viability revealed that all of the extracts had some protective effects. These findings suggest that the putative toxic effects of Abeta or DA might be reduced by HA fruit extracts.
Surface Science Studies of the Photoactivation of TiO<sub>2</sub>New Photochemical Processes (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSurface Science Studies of the Photoactivation of TiO2New Photochemical ProcessesTracy L. Thompson and John T. YatesView Author Information Surface Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 10, 4428–4453Publication Date (Web):October 11, 2006Publication History Received11 January 2006Published online11 October 2006Published inissue 1 October 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr050172khttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr050172kresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19621Altmetric-Citations1882LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Defects,Heat transfer,Materials,Oxides,Thermodynamic modeling Get e-Alerts
Laminin Compensation in Collagen α3(IV) Knockout (Alport) Glomeruli Contributes to Permeability Defects (2007)

Alport disease is caused by mutations in genes encoding the alpha3, alpha4, or alpha5 chains of type IV collagen, which form the collagenous network of mature glomerular basement membrane (GBM). In the absence of alpha3, alpha4, alpha5 (IV) collagen, alpha1, alpha2 (IV) collagen persists, which ordinarily is found only in GBM of developing kidney. In addition to dysregulation of collagen IV, Alport GBM contains aberrant laminins, which may contribute to the progressive GBM thickening and splitting, proteinuria, and renal failure seen in this disorder. This study sought to characterize further the laminin dysregulation in collagen alpha3(IV) knockout mice, a model of Alport disease. With the use of confocal microscopy, laminin alpha1 and alpha5 abundance was quantified, and it was found that they co-distributed in significantly large amounts in areas of GBM thickening. In addition, labeling of entire glomeruli for laminin alpha5 was significantly greater in Alport mice than in wild-type siblings. Reverse transcriptase-PCR from isolated glomeruli demonstrated significantly more laminin alpha5 mRNA in Alport mice than in wild-type controls, indicating upregulated transcription of Lama5. For testing glomerular barrier function, ferritin was injected into 2-wk-old Alport and control mice, and GBM was examined by electron microscopy. Highest ferritin levels were seen in Alport GBM thickenings beneath effaced podocyte foot processes, but morphologically normal GBM was significantly permeable as well. We concluded that (1) ultrastructurally normal Alport GBM residing beneath differentiated podocyte foot processes is inherently and abnormally permeable, and (2) upregulation of Lama5 transcription and concentration of laminin alpha1 and alpha5 within Alport GBM thickenings contribute to abnormal permeabilities.
Excitation and Propagation of Exchange Spin Waves in Ferrite Films with Nonuniformity of Magnetic Parameters across the Film Thickness (1997)

Excitation and propagation of short-wavelength exchange-dominated spin waves in garnet films with nonuniformity of the anisotropy field along the thickness of the film is considered. The paper includes experiments on propagation of pulses of spin waves through the film thickness, and experiments on conversion of spin waves into acoustic waves.
History of outcome measures for myasthenia gravis (2010)

This review illustrates how measurements of clinical status in patients with myasthenia gravis have evolved from clinical descriptions and estimates of mortality rates to more sophisticated evaluative instruments, including numerical rating scales that measure strength, endurance, quality of life, and activities of daily living. The rationale and use of weighting and the importance of patient-reported outcomes are also discussed. The measurement of the steroid-sparing effect of an immunosuppressant is also reviewed.
A Model Based Factorization Approach for dense 3D recovery from monocular Video (2006)

Feature track matrix factorization based methods have been attractive solutions to the structure-from-motion (Sfm) problem. Group motion of the feature points is analyzed to get the 3D information. It is well known that the factorization formulations give rise to rank deficient system of equations. Even when enough constraints exist, the extracted models are sparse due the unavailability of pixel level tracks. Pixel level tracking of 3D surfaces is a difficult problem, particularly when the surface has very little texture as in a human face. Only sparsely located feature points can be tracked and tracking errors are inevitable along rotating low texture surfaces. However, the 3D models of an object class lie in a subspace of the set of all possible 3D models. We propose a novel solution to the structure-from-motion problem which utilizes the high-resolution 3D obtained from range scanner to compute a basis for this desired subspace. Adding subspace constraints during factorization also facilitates removal of tracking noise which causes distortions outside the subspace. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our formulation by extracting dense 3D structure of a human face and comparing it with a well known structure-from-motion algorithm due to brand.
Induction of Nitric-oxide Synthase and Activation of NF-κB by Interleukin-12 p40 in Microglial Cells (2001)

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is composed of two different subunits, p40 and p35. Expression of p40 mRNA but not that of p35 mRNA in excessive amount in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests that IL-12 p40 may have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, the mode of action of p40 is completely unknown. Because nitric oxide produced from the induction of nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) also plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of MS, the present study was undertaken to explore the role of p40 in the induction of NO production and the expression of iNOS in microglia. Both IL-12 and p40(2), the p40 homodimer, dose-dependently induced the production of NO in BV-2 microglial cells. This induction of NO production was accompanied by an induction of iNOS protein and mRNA. Induction of NO production by the expression of mouse p40 cDNA but not that of the mouse p35 cDNA suggests that the p40 but not the p35 subunit of IL-12 is involved in the expression of iNOS. In addition to BV-2 glial cells, p40(2) also induced the production of NO in mouse primary microglia and peritoneal macrophages. However, both IL-12 and p40(2) were unable to induce the production of NO in mouse primary astrocytes. Because activation of NF-kappaB is important for the expression of iNOS, we investigated the effect of p40(2) on the activation of NF-kappaB. Induction of the DNA binding as well as the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB by p40(2) and inhibition of p40(2)-induced expression of iNOS by SN50, a cell-permeable peptide carrying the nuclear localization sequence of p50 NF-kappaB, but not by SN50M, a nonfunctional peptide mutant, suggests that p40(2) induces the expression of iNOS through the activation of NF-kappaB. This study delineates a novel role of IL-12 p40 in inducing the expression of iNOS in microglial cells, which may participate in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases.
Growing Up With an Alcoholic Mother (2007)

This narrative describes the author's experience as an only child raised by an alcoholic mother The narrative explores the experience of growing up feeiing ignored and unimportant, and how her experiences led to the empathy, compassion, and understanding she now feels for the clients she works with as a student of social work.
Enhanced Touch Preps Improve the Ease of Interpretation of Intraoperative Breast Cancer Margins (2007)

Positive margins and the resulting multiple operations are a major problem for breast conservation therapy. Accurate assessment of intraoperative tumor margins can limit multiple re-excision procedures. Intraoperative touch preparations have been used in the past but can be difficult to interpret without an experienced cytopathologist. The objective of this study is to examine the reliability of enhanced intraoperative touch preps (EIOTP) compared with final pathologic margins. We prospectively performed EIOTP on 20 tumors in women undergoing breast conservation therapy. Six margins and the main tumor were touched onto poly-L-lysine coated slides. The slides were stained with anti MUC1 and anti-E-cadherin antibodies, and Hoechst nuclear stain. A parallel set of slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for comparison. The EIOTP results were compared with pathologic interpretation of paraffin embedded permanent sections. A total of 120 margins underwent EIOTP in 20 patients. We found a sensitivity equal to 80 per cent, specificity 100 per cent, positive predictive value 100 per cent, and negative predictive value 99 per cent. EIOTP in conjunction with MUC-1 and E-cadherin by immunofluorescence is a sensitive and highly specific mechanism to identify cancer cells at breast tissue margins. The immunofluorescence stains may help the pathologist to identify cancer cells in fresh breast tissue and limit breast re-excisions in the future.
Controlling the Flow of Suspensions (2011)

Adding a small amount of an immiscible liquid to a suspension can change it from a viscous fluid to an elastic gel.
Formation of highly transmissive liquid metal contacts to carbon nanotubes (2004)

We have developed a method to produce liquid metal contacts to carbon nanotubes that allows direct measurement of the influence of the contact on the nanotube conductance. Gallium is deposited onto standard gold nanotube contacts, where it gradually spreads to coat the contact region. The two-terminal multiwall nanotube conductance increases by as much as 1.2e2∕h during the transition from gold to gallium contacts, and approaches 2e2∕h at room temperature, with a current density of 2×108A∕cm2. Surprisingly, the conductance is independent of the contact area or contact separation, providing evidence that transport is ballistic in multiwall nanotubes.
pH-dependent Perforation of Macrophage Phagosomes by Listeriolysin O from <i>Listeria monocytogenes </i> (1997)

The pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) is a major virulence factor implicated in escape of Listeria monocytogenes from phagocytic vacuoles. Here we describe the pH-dependence of vacuolar perforation by LLO, using the membrane-impermeant fluorophore 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) to monitor the pH and integrity of vacuoles in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Perforation was observed when acidic vacuoles containing wild-type L. monocytogenes displayed sudden increases in pH and release of HPTS into the cytosol. These changes were not seen with LLO-deficient mutants. Perforation occurred at acidic vacuolar pH (4.9-6.7) and was reduced in frequency or prevented completely when macrophages were treated with the lysosomotropic agents ammonium chloride or bafilomycin A1. We conclude that acidic pH facilitates LLO activity in vivo.
41.1: <i>Invited Paper:</i> How Might the Rules that Govern Visual Search Constrain the Design of Visual Displays? (2005)

Abstract In visual search attention can be guided toward a target item among distracting items by a limited set of basic features. This talk will summarize the rules of effective guidance (e.g. you can efficiently guide attention toward a red and vertical item but not a red and green item).