gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An energy-efficient data security system for wireless sensor network (2008)

Wireless sensor networks are a new type of networked systems, characterized by severely constrained computational and energy resources, and an ad hoc operational environment. Because sensor networks may interact with sensitive data and operate in hostile unattended environments, it is imperative that these security concerns be addressed from the beginning of the system design. However, due to inherent resource and computing constraints, security in sensor networks poses different challenges than traditional network security. There is currently enormous research potential in the field of wireless sensor network security. In this paper we introduce a message expantion problem which can be solved by a data link-layer security architecture called dasiaCipher-text Stealing methodpsila for wireless sensor networks. Conventional security protocols tend to be conservative in their security guarantees, typically adding 16-32 bytes of overhead. With small memories, weak processors, limited energy, and 30 byte packets, sensor networks cannot afford this luxury. TinySec addresses these extreme resource constraints with careful design; we explore the tradeoffs among different cryptographic primitives and use the inherent sensor network limitations to our advantage when choosing parameters to find a sweet spot for security, packet overhead, and resource requirements.
Poly epsilon-caprolactone nanoparticles containing a poorly soluble pesticide: formulation and stability study (2000)

In 1997, a research program was initiated in the laboratories to assess the ability of nanosperes (NS) to improve the biodelivery of new active ingredients (AI) to plants. The goal was to obtain stable poly (epsilon-caprolactone) NS (PeC-NS) with the smallest size and the largest amount of encapsulated AI, using a nanoprecipitation method. The smallest particles obtained were in the range of 200-250 nm. The highest encapsulation is obtained with Montanox 80 as surfactant and is between 5-10% (expressed in per cent weight relative to the total weight of polymer), which corresponds to an encapsulation yield of 95%. There is no desorption of the AI with time. In contrast, the dilution of the NS suspension in water is followed by a large removal of the AI in the aqueous phase. This suggests that NS are complex dynamic systems in equilibrium with the external medium and disturbances of this system lead to a loss of AI.
Suppression of Proximal T Cell Receptor Signaling and Lytic Function in CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells (2007)

CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) lack in vivo and in vitro lytic function due to a signaling deficit characterized by failure to flux calcium or activate tyrosine kinase activity upon contact with cognate tumor cells. Although CD3 zeta is phosphorylated by conjugation in vitro with cognate tumor cells, showing that TIL are triggered, PLC gamma-1, LAT, and ZAP70 are not activated and LFA-1 is not affinity-matured, and because p56(lck) is required for LFA-1 activation, this implies that the signaling blockade is very proximal. Here, we show that TIL signaling defects are transient, being reversed upon purification and brief culture in vitro, implying a fast-acting "switch". Biochemical analysis of purified nonlytic TIL shows that contact with tumor cells causes transient activation of p56(lck) ( approximately 10 s) which is rapidly inactivated. In contrast, tumor-induced activation of p56(lck) in lytic TIL is sustained coincident with downstream TCR signaling and lytic function. Shp-1 is robustly active in nonlytic TIL compared with lytic TIL, colocalizes with p56(lck) in nonlytic TIL, and inhibition of Shp-1 activity in lytic TIL in vitro blocks tumor-induced defective TIL cytolysis. Collectively, our data support the notion that contact of nonlytic TIL with tumor cells, and not with tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells, causes activation of Shp-1 that rapidly dephosphorylates the p56(lck) activation motif (Y394), thus inhibiting effector phase functions.
Efficient Production of 2-Deoxyribose 5-Phosphate from Glucose and Acetaldehyde by Coupling of the Alcoholic Fermentation System of Baker’s Yeast and Deoxyriboaldolase-Expressing<i>Escherichia coli</i> (2006)

2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate production through coupling of the alcoholic fermentation system of baker's yeast and deoxyriboaldolase-expressing Escherichia coli was investigated. In this process, baker's yeast generates fructose 1,6-diphosphate from glucose and inorganic phosphate, and then the E. coli convert the fructose 1,6-diphosphate into 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate via D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Under the optimized conditions with toluene-treated yeast cells, 356 mM (121 g/l) fructose 1,6-diphosphate was produced from 1,111 mM glucose and 750 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.4) with a catalytic amount of AMP, and the reaction supernatant containing the fructose 1,6-diphosphate was used directly as substrate for 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate production with the E. coli cells. With 178 mM enzymatically prepared fructose 1,6-diphosphate and 400 mM acetaldehyde as substrates, 246 mM (52.6 g/l) 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate was produced. The molar yield of 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate as to glucose through the total two step reaction was 22.1%. The 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate produced was converted to 2-deoxyribose with a molar yield of 85% through endogenous or exogenous phosphatase activity.
Affine multipicture motion-compensated prediction (2005)

Affine motion compensation is combined with long-term memory motion-compensated prediction. The idea is to determine several affine motion parameter sets on subareas of the image. Then, for each affine motion parameter set, a complete reference picture is warped and inserted into the multipicture buffer. Given the multipicture buffer of decoded pictures and affine warped versions thereof, block-based translational motion-compensated prediction and Lagrangian coder control are utilized. The affine motion parameters are transmitted as side information requiring additional bit rate. Hence, the utility of each reference picture and, with that, each affine motion parameter set is tested for its rate-distortion efficiency. The combination of affine and long-term memory motion-compensated prediction provides a highly efficient video compression scheme in terms of rate-distortion performance. The two incorporated multipicture concepts complement each other well providing almost additive rate-distortion gains. When warping the prior decoded picture, average bit-rate savings of 15% against TMN-10, the test model of ITU-T Recommendation H.263, are reported for the case that 20 warped reference pictures are used. When employing 20 warped reference pictures and 10 decoded reference pictures, average bit-rate savings of 24% can be obtained for a set of eight test sequences. These bit-rate savings correspond to gains in PSNR between 0.8-3 dB. For some cases, the combination of affine and long-term memory motion-compensated prediction provides more than additive gains.
General Biochemistry (1953)

General Biochemistry Get access General Biochemistry. By Frutckn Joseph S., Professor of Biochemistry, Yale University; and Suimonds Sofia, Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Yale University. 940 pp., $10.00. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1953. Arthur H. Smith Arthur H. Smith Detroit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 23, Issue 11, 1 November 1953, Page 1154, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/23.11.1154 Published: 01 November 1953
A new fast algorithm for the evaluation of regions of interest and statistical uncertainty in computed tomography (1984)

A new algorithm for region of interest evaluation in computed tomography has been developed. Region of interest evaluation is a technique used to improve quantitation of the tomographic imaging process by summing (or averaging) the reconstructed quantity throughout a volume of particular significance. An important application of this procedure arises in the analysis of dynamic emission computed tomographic data, in which the uptake and clearance of radiotracers are used to determine the blood flow and/or physiologic function of tissue within the significant volume. The new algorithm replaces the conventional technique of repeated image reconstructions with one in which projected regions are convolved and then used to form multiple vector inner products with the raw tomographic data sets. Quantitation of regions of interest is made without the need for reconstruction of tomographic images. The computational advantage of the new algorithm over conventional methods is between a factor of 20 and a factor of 500 for typical applications encountered in medical science studies. The greatest benefit of the new algorithm (and the motivation for its development) is the ease with which the statistical uncertainty of the result is computed. The entire covariance matrix for the evaluation of regions of interest can be calculated with relatively few operations.
Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy (2013)

Today, researchers are constantly developing new nanomaterials, nanodevices, and nanoparticles to meet unmet needs in the delivery of therapeutic agents and imaging agents for cancer therapy and diagnosis, respectively. Of particular interest here are lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) that are genuine particles (approximately 100 nm in dimension) assembled from varieties of lipid and other chemical components that act collectively to overcome biological barriers (biobarriers), in order for LNPs to preferentially accumulate in or around disease-target cells for the functional delivery of therapeutic agents for treatment or of imaging agents for diagnosis. The capabilities of these LNPs will clearly vary depending on functional requirements, but the nanoscale allows for an impressive level of diversity in capabilities to enable corresponding LNPs to address an equally diverse range of functional requirements. Accordingly, LNPs should be considered appropriate vehicles to provide an integrated, personalized approach to cancer diagnosis and therapy in future cancer disease management.
Thermal reactions of aryl azides with trans-1,2-dibenzoyl- and trans-1,2-diacetyl-ethylene. Reactivity of 4,5-dibenzoyl- and 4,5-diacetyl-1-aryltriazolines (1989)

Thermal reactions of 4-substituted phenyl azides (1) with trans-1,2-dibenzoyl-(DBE) and trans-1,2-diacetyl-ethylene (DAE) have been investigated in benzene solution at room temperature and at 110 °C. These reactions lead to decomposition products of unstable 4,5-diacyl-1-aryltriazolines (14A and B) which have generally escaped isolation except in one case. At room temperature triazolines (14A and B) undergo formal elimination of an aldehyde moiety to give 4-acyltriazoles (3A and B), isomerization to diazo diones (15A and B) from which 1-arylamino-1,2-diacylethylenes (2A and B) are eventually formed, and oxidation to diacyltriazoles (10A and B). At 110 °C 1-arylamino-2,2diacylethylenes (12A and B) and N-aryl-N-vinylamides (13A and B), the rearrangement products occurring via aryl-group migration, are preferentially produced. Under these conditions varying amounts of pyrrolidines (11A and B) also occur. These compounds (11A and B) are ascribed to cycloaddition reactions of azomethine glides resulting from ring opening of intermediate aziridines (16A and B) with DBE or DAE. However, decomposition of triazolines (14A and B) in the presence of triethylamine leads exclusively to the enamines (2A and B). The possible reaction mechanisms involved in the formation of the observed products are discussed.
An efficient protection scheme of digital contents under mobile devices (2013)

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), a standard cipher for mobile digital rights management (DRM), is known as secure, but needs significant computing resources. Especially, it is not suitable in the view of throughput and energy consumption to encrypt the large contents file in a mobile device with limited computing resources. The stream cipher such as RC4 has advantages of high encryption/decryption speed and low power consumption, but it is vulnerable in the view of security strength. In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient cipher scheme based on the reuse of an open pad. Our scheme generates a kind of one-time-pad of bit-stream blocks to be used to encrypt/decrypt digital contents through two steps from a pad that is open to public. An intermediate pad is first created by randomly shuffling bit-stream blocks in the open pad, and then one-time-pad is finally generated from XOR-ing an arbitrary number of neighboring bit-stream blocks in the intermediate pad. The proposed scheme provides fast and secure way to protect digital contents for mobile applications.
“Cultural literacy” in criminal justice: A preliminary assessment (1991)

Editor's Note: This is the second in a series of commissioned articles in which distinguished criminal justice scholars address the question of criminal justice “literacy.” These articles are intended to provoke discussion and debate about the core ideas and foundational scholarship in our field. Readers' comments and reactions to these articles are welcome and encouraged.
Growth of ZnS, CdS and multilayer ZnS/CdS thin films by SILAR technique (1997)

Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique was used to deposit cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films on (100)GaAs. CdS thin films were also grown on ITO-covered glass substrates. Multilayer CdS/ZnS thin films were deposited on glass substrates. The crystallinity of the thin films was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and they all turned out to be polycrystalline. The thin films looked relatively smooth and homogeneous in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) proved nearly 1 : 1 stoichiometry for the multilayer samples. Thickness of the thin films was measured by RBS and chemical analysis.
Issues and temperature compensation techniques for hot wire thermal flow sensor: A review (2011)

The hot-wire anemometer is used extensively to measure velocity and turbulence quantities. Hot-wire measurement of non-isothermal flows necessitate the use of thermal compensation or error correction. This paper focus of issues and techniques for thermal compensation and error correction in industrial application was studied. Firstly, comprehensive review on the theory of several types of the most commonly used hot-wires anemometry in the field. Secondly, it considered the compensation techniques both in CTA and CCA hot-wire anemometry. Results of compensating techniques are presented for both CTA and CCA and were compare with different techniques. Finally, computational intelligent can be suitable for those systems where it is very complex or impossible to obtain the model by means of classical methods. 

	 

	Key words: Hot wire, thermal flow sensor, temperature compensation.
Cyclic strain inhibits switching of smooth muscle cells to an osteoblast‐like phenotype (2003)

Ectopic calcification is commonly associated with cardiovascular disease, injury, aging, and biomaterial implantation. We hypothesized that the normal mechanical environment of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) inhibits a phenotypic switch to a pattern of gene expression more typical for bone and inducive for calcification. This hypothesis was tested using a 3-D engineered smooth muscle tissue model subjected to cyclic mechanical strain. This simplified model maintained a 3-D tissue architecture while eliminating systemic effects as can be seen with in vivo models. All engineered tissues were found to express bone-associated genes (osteopontin, matrix gla protein, alkaline phosphatase, and the transcription factor CBFA-1). Strikingly, however, expression of these genes was down-regulated in tissues exposed to cyclic strain at all time points ranging from 5 to 150 days. Furthermore, long-term strain played a protective role in regard to calcification, as unstrained tissues exhibited increased calcium deposition with respect to strained tissues. The results of this study suggest that without an appropriate mechanical environment, SMCs in 3-D culture undergo a phenotypic conversion to an osteoblast-like pattern of gene expression. This finding has significant implications for the mechanisms underlying a variety of cardiovascular diseases and indicates the broad utility of engineered tissue models in basic biology studies.
ITALIAN NAVAL ARCHITECTURE about 1445 (1925)

(1925). ITALIAN NAVAL ARCHITECTURE about 1445. The Mariner's Mirror: Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 135-163.
Chemical Modification of Transition Metal Upconversion Properties:  Exchange Enhancement of Ni<sup>2+</sup> Upconversion Rates in Ni<sup>2+</sup>:RbMnCl<sub>3</sub> (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTChemical Modification of Transition Metal Upconversion Properties: Exchange Enhancement of Ni2+ Upconversion Rates in Ni2+:RbMnCl3Oliver S. Wenger, Daniel R. Gamelin, and Hans U. GüdelView Author Information Departement für Chemie und Biochemie Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3000 Bern 9, Switzerland Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 30, 7408–7409Publication Date (Web):July 14, 2000Publication History Received20 March 2000Published online14 July 2000Published inissue 1 August 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja000979ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja000979orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views703Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Excited states,Ions,Luminescence,Transition metals Get e-Alerts
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) interacts with parkin, and mutant LRRK2 induces neuronal degeneration (2005)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disorder of movement, cognition, and emotion, and it is characterized pathologically by neuronal degeneration with Lewy bodies, which are cytoplasmic inclusion bodies containing deposits of aggregated proteins. Most PD cases appear to be sporadic, but genetic forms of the disease, caused by mutations in alpha-synuclein, parkin, and other genes, have helped elucidate pathogenesis. Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause autosomal-dominant Parkinsonism with clinical features of PD and with pleomorphic pathology including deposits of aggregated protein. To study expression and interactions of LRRK2, we synthesized cDNAs and generated expression constructs coding for human WT and mutant LRRK2 proteins. Expression of full-length LRRK2 in cells in culture suggests that the protein is predominately cytoplasmic, as is endogenous protein by subcellular fractionation. Using coimmunoprecipitation, we find that LRRK2, expressed in cells in culture, interacts with parkin but not with alpha-synuclein, DJ-1, or tau. A small proportion of the cells overexpressing LRRK2 contain protein aggregates, and this proportion is greatly increased by coexpression of parkin. In addition, parkin increases ubiquitination of aggregated protein. Also, mutant LRRK2 causes neuronal degeneration in both SH-SY5Y cells and primary neurons. This cell model may be useful for studies of PD cellular pathogenesis and therapeutics. These findings suggest a gain-of-function mechanism in the pathogenesis of LRRK2-linked PD and suggest that LRRK2 may be involved in a pathogenic pathway with other PD-related proteins such as parkin, which may help illuminate both familial and sporadic PD.
Cross docking : the latest and greatest (2010)

Subtitle: Our warehouse/DC engineer has scoured software and equipment providers to come up with the latest developments, innovations, and breakthroughs that are making cross docking easier and faster than ever.
Watermarking polygonal lines using Fourier descriptors (2002)

A method for watermarking of polygonal lines is proposed. The watermark is embedded in the Fourier descriptors of the polygonal line causing minor distortions to the coordinates of the vertices of the polygonal line. Watermarks generated by this technique can be successfully detected even after rotation, translation, scaling and reflection of the host polygonal line.
Harnessing gene expression to identify the genetic basis of drug resistance (2009)

The advent of cost-effective genotyping and sequencing methods have recently made it possible to ask questions that address the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity and how natural variants interact with the environment. We developed Camelot (CAusal Modelling with Expression Linkage for cOmplex Traits), a statistical method that integrates genotype, gene expression and phenotype data to automatically build models that both predict complex quantitative phenotypes and identify genes that actively influence these traits. Camelot integrates genotype and gene expression data, both generated under a reference condition, to predict the response to entirely different conditions. We systematically applied our algorithm to data generated from a collection of yeast segregants, using genotype and gene expression data generated under drug-free conditions to predict the response to 94 drugs and experimentally confirmed 14 novel gene-drug interactions. Our approach is robust, applicable to other phenotypes and species, and has potential for applications in personalized medicine, for example, in predicting how an individual will respond to a previously unseen drug.
Adult thymectomy prevention of the appearance of suppressor T cells which depress contact sensitivity to picryl chloride and reversal of adult thymectomy effect by thymus extract (1976)

Suppressor cells, which depress the passive transfer of contact sensitivity appear in the lymph nodes and spleen of mice injected with picryl sulfonic acid (PSA). These cells produce a soluble suppressor T cell product (s-TCP), and immune lymph node cells incubated in s-TCP fail to transfer contact sensitivity. This paper shows that the appearance of suppressor T cells following the injection of PSA was prevented by adult thymectomy (ATx). ATx also limited the production of s-TCP. However, ATx had no effect on the DNA synthesis which occurs in the lymph nodes of mice injected with PSA. The adverse effect of ATx on suppressor cells was completely reversed by a neonatal thymus graft placed under the renal capsule and partially reversed by grafts given 600 r in vitro and to a limited extent by grafts given 1000 r. The injection of thymus extract also reversed the effect of ATx whereas splenic extract was inactive. It is suggested that the suppressor T cell which depresses contact sensitivity is dependent on the presence of the thymus because it requires a thymus hormone, and not primarily because it belongs to a short-lived population which is rapidly renewed by cells coming from the thymus.