gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wire transfer of charge packets using a CCD-BBD structure for charge-domain signal processing (1991)

A structure for the virtual transfer of charge packets across metal wires is described theoretically and is experimentally verified. The structure is a hybrid of charge-coupled device (CCD) and bucket-brigade device (BBD) elements and permits the topological crossing of charge-domain signals in low power signal processing circuits. A test vehicle consisting of 8-, 32-, and 96-stage delay lines of various geometries implemented in a double-poly, double-metal foundry process is used to characterize the wire-transfer operation. Transfer efficiency ranging between 0.998 and 0.999 is obtained for surface n-channel devices with clock cycle times in the range from 40 ns to 0.3 ms. Transfer efficiency as high as 0.9999 is obtained for buried n-channel devices. Good agreement is found between experiment and simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Applications of integrated circuit technology to microwave frequencies (1971)

Integration techniques suitable for microwave circuits have been developed. Various aspects of the technology of integration of microwave circuits are reviewed and the reasons for choosing the hybrid approach instead of the monolithic approach and thin-film metallization instead of thick-film are discussed. Design data relating circuit performance to substrate roughness and thickness of thin-film metal adhesion layers are presented. Propagation and radiation characteristics of microstrip lines are discussed. Design equations for thin-film lumped-element passive components are given. Exampies of various microwave integrated circuits are shown.
DWT (discrete wavelet transform) based watermark system (2003)

In this paper a DWT (discrete wavelet transform) based watermarking system is proposed. The proposed embedding system changes coefficients. The extracting system rebuilds thresholds according to various attacks and decides a watermark bit from the least distorted coefficient. A new measure to detect the uniqueness of watermark is also proposed.
Führt die Geldpolitik der japanischen Zentralbank zu einem Währungskrieg (2013)

Beginnt die japanische Notenbank mit ihrer lockeren Geldpolitik einen Abwertungswettlauf? Jürgen Matthes, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln, vertritt die These, dass derzeit nicht von einem echten Währungskrieg die Rede sein kann, dass es jedoch gewisse Anzeichen für eine mögliche Verschärfung der Situation gibt. Zudem könnte der Euro mittelfristig unter erheblichen Aufwertungsdruck und die EZB damit in konfliktreiches Fahrwasser geraten. Horst Löchel, Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, ist der Ansicht, dass aus Perspektive der entwickelten Volkswirtschaften Japan keinen Währungskrieg führt, denn auch die Fed und die EZB fluten im Rahmen ihrer Krisenpolitik seit Jahren die Märkte mit billigem Geld. Anders sei aber die japanische Geldpolitik aus der Perspektive der aufstrebenden Volkswirtschaften zu beurteilen. Für sie folge aus dem Kurs der japanischen Geldpolitik, dass noch mehr Kapital in ihre Länder fließe, was mit der Gefahr der Bildung von Vermögensblasen, einer Kreditschwemme, steigender Inflationsraten und steigender Wechselkurse einhergehe. Uwe Vollmer, Universität Leipzig, hält den Begriff Währungskrieg für übertrieben. Anders als andere Länder halte sich Japan bislang an die internationalen Spielregeln, verzichte auf die Einführung von Kapitalverkehrskontrollen und verfolge auch kein explizites Wechselkursziel. Und auch Oliver Landmann, Universität Freiburg, hält »das Gespenst eines drohenden Währungskriegs« für »einen Mythos«.
Desensitization of DMSO‐treated platelets to common agonists via membrane modulation (598.5) (2014)

Thrombosis and thromboembolic complications continue to plague mechanical circulatory support devices (MCS). Biochemical pathways involving prostaglandin and ADP are known targets for aspirin and thienopyridines to modulate platelet activation and aggregation, respectively. However, a recent study in our lab has demonstrated the limited ability of these agents to alter shear‐mediated platelet activation. Therefore, this study examines the impact of altering the platelet membrane fluidity by treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and its inherent effects on platelet activation by standard agonists. DMSO was chosen due to its previously reported antithrombotic properties. Although it was reported that DMSO inhibits platelet activation through cyclooxygenase‐1 inhibition, we believe that the alteration in membrane fluidity also plays a key role in desensitization. Human venous blood was collected from healthy volunteers in citrated buffer with UA‐IRB consent. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) was isolated and treated with DMSO ranging from 0.95%‐60% (v/v). Light transmission aggregometry (LTA) was performed to detect platelet desensitization using arachidonic acid, ADP, collagen, epinephrine, and ristocetin. Platelets were fixed and visualized at the varying DMSO treatments under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Collagen and epinephrine had limited effect on PRP aggregation ranging from 0.95% to 10% of DMSO. ADP and arachidonic acid showed a clear inhibition at 10% and 5%, respectively. DMSO had no effect on ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation. SEM of platelets at 5% and 10% showed significant reduction in filopodia. DMSO altered platelet membrane fluidity and desensitized their aggregability from certain common agonists; thus reflecting the role of DMSO in some biochemical pathways that inhibit platelets. Next, we will measure the platelet membrane fluidity using TMA‐DPH and DPH fluorescence anisotropy in the presence of DMSO to further validate our results.
Big scan Eindhoven, Bouwstenen voor PMC's. Vraag versus aanbod (1997)

Dit is het laatste in een reeks van vier artikelen over de "Big Scan Eindhoven", een omvangrijk survey-onderzoek, in opdracht van de gemeente Eindhoven en de SSEW (Stichting Samenwerkende Eindhovense Woningcorporaties). In deze vierde bijdrage gaan we in op de wijze waarop het survey gebruikt is om zgn. produkt/markt-combinaties op te stellen voor de Eindhovense Woningcorporaties. Door de waardering van diverse kwaliteitsaspecten op systematische wijze te vergelijken met de door de corporaties geboden kwaliteit kan een optimale afstemming tussen doelgroepen en woningen in de portefeuille bereikt worden. Op deze wijze kunnen tevens de "witte vlekken" in de portefeuille inzichtelijk worden gemaakt.
Evidence and solution of over-RESET problem for HfO<inf>X</inf> based resistive memory with sub-ns switching speed and high endurance (2010)

The memory performances of the HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> based bipolar resistive memory, including switching speed and memory reliability, are greatly improved in this work. Record high switching speed down to 300 ps is achieved. The cycling test shed a clear light on the wearing behavior of resistance states, and the correlation between over-RESET phenomenon and the worn low resistance state in the devices is discussed. The modified bottom electrode is proposed for the memory device to maintain the memory window and to endure resistive switching up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> cycles.
Development of a dynamic routing system for a fault tolerant solid state mass memory (2002)

This paper describes a fault tolerant Solid State Mass Memory (SSMM) for satellite applications. Definition of requirements plays an important role in the architectural solutions selected for the data storing system. The interconnection system proposed is based on a crossbar switch with half duplex links. All the connections have a complete flow control and the path of switched packets is dynamically reconfigurable. A controller tests functionality of each component and handles dynamic data allocation in the memory modules. Memory modules grant data integrity: an original tool developed by the authors derives data coding parameters.
THE STATISTICAL UTILIZATION OF MULTIPLE MEASUREMENTS (1938)

The articles published by the Annals of Eugenics (1925–1954) have been made available online as an historical archive intended for scholarly use. The work of eugenicists was often pervaded by prejudice against racial, ethnic and disabled groups. The online publication of this material for scholarly research purposes is not an endorsement of those views nor a promotion of eugenics in any way.
EDFS a novel flooding protocol for multi-hop wireless networks (2010)

In this paper, we present a novel tree propagation mechanism, called "Extended Depth First Search" (EDFS) to efficiently do the flooding of broadcast messages in multi-hop wireless networks. Relying on a tree structure is a simple and efficient way to elect relay nodes and thus reduce the number of redundant re-transmissions. We discuss the principle and functioning of EDFS and propose both, a centralized and distributed algorithm to elect relay nodes in wireless environments. We also analyze the performance of the proposed technique and show that the distributed algorithm performs as well as the centralized. Finally, we present some simulation results to show the performance of EDFS compared, to other flooding techniques.
User-representative feature selection for keystroke dynamics (2011)

Continuous user authentication with keystroke dynamics uses characters sequences as features. Since users can type characters in any order, it is imperative to find character sequences (n-graphs) that are representative of user typing behavior. The contemporary feature selection approaches do not guarantee selecting frequently-typed features which may cause less accurate statistical user-representation. Furthermore, the selected features do not inherently reflect user typing behavior. We propose four statistical-based feature selection techniques that mitigate limitations of existing approaches. The first technique selects the most frequently occurring features. The other three consider different user typing behaviors by selecting: n-graphs that are typed quickly; n-graphs that are typed with consistent time; and n-graphs that have large time variance among users. We use Gunetti's keystroke dataset and k-means clustering algorithm for our experiments. The results show that among the proposed techniques, the most-frequent feature selection technique can effectively find user-representative features. We further substantiate our results by comparing the most-frequent feature selection technique with three existing approaches (popular Italian words, common n-graphs, and least frequent n-graphs). We find that it performs better than the existing approaches after selecting a certain number of most-frequent n-graphs.
Complete Genome Sequence of Hyperthermophilic Pyrococcus sp. Strain NA2, Isolated from a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Area (2011)

Pyrococcus sp. strain NA2, isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent sample, is a novel marine hyperthermophilic archaeon that grows optimally at 93 °C. The complete genome sequence of the strain contains all the genes for the tricarboxylic acid cycle except for succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase, but the genome does not encode proteins involved in polysaccharide utilization.
Platelet-derived growth factor BB stimulates vasculogenesis of embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells by calcium-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species (2008)

Our data demonstrate that the pro-vasculogenic effects of PDGF-BB are mediated by Ca(2+)-induced ROS generation, resulting in the activation of an ERK1,2-mediated signal transduction cascade.
Choices of neonatal nurses in ambiguous clinical situations. (1996)

This article reports a study of the nurse's choice of level of management and factors influencing that choice in three ambiguous clinical situations related to neonatal nursing. A nationwide mail survey, using a Likert scale, was conducted on a random sample of the membership of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses. The findings of this research suggest that nurses have clearly defined choices related to the degree of intensity of management of infants, based on consideration of the information available to the nurse in the neonatal setting. These findings have implications for nursing practice and education and consequences for the quality of nursing care provided to infants and their families.
Synthesis of Bis-Lexitropsin-1,2,9,9a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[ c]benz[e]indole-4-one (CBI) Conjugates (1998)

Article Synthesis of Bis-Lexitropsin-1,2,9,9a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[ c]benz[e]indole-4-one (CBI) Conjugates was published on December 1, 1998 in the journal Heterocyclic Communications (volume 4, issue 6).
100-ps framing-camera tube (1978)

The optoelectronic framing-camera tube described is capable of recording two-dimensional image frames with high spatial resolution in the <100-ps range. Framing is performed by streaking a two-dimensional electron image across narrow slits. The resulting dissected electron line images from the slits are restored into framed images by a restorer deflector operating synchronously with the dissector deflector. The number of framed images on the tube's viewing screen equals the number of dissecting slits in the tube. Performance has been demonstrated in a prototype tube by recording 135-ps-duration framed images of 2.5-mm patterns at the cathode. The limitation in the framing speed is in the external drivers for the deflectors and not in the tube design characteristics. Faster frame speeds in the <100-ps range can be obtained by use of faster deflection drivers.
Modal Survey Techniques and Theory (1975)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The evolution of multiple shaker induction of pure modes has nonetheless retained a key assumption and consequent test procedure a quarter of a century old -- mode vectors are real, i.e., in phase except for polarity and therefore an in phase force vector should be applied at a single frequency along the jω axis. The validity of the assumption and procedure is limited to undamped or proportionally damped structures. Modern, complex and inhomogeneous hardware seems less likely to satisfy the limiting assumption. The complex modes of non-proportionally damped structures can be induced with two improvements on existing procedure made possible by modern electronics and digital computers -- apply a force vector controlling AMPLITUDE and PHASE and allow COMPLEX FREQUENCY EXCITATION anywhere in the s plane.</div>
Pharmacological Treatment of Insomnia. (2015)

Up to 70 million U.S. adults have chronic sleep and wakefulness disorders. Therapies may include prescription medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration, off-label treatments, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal therapies.
An artificial neural network for the design of an adaptive multimodal interface (2002)

This article describes the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) for facilitating the design and evaluation of a direct manipulation multimodal interface with force feedback. The article describes the Multimodal User Interface System (MUIS) prototyping tool, discusses the design problem, develops the conceptual basis of ANNs, and discusses the results of the experimentation protocol used for evaluating the pertinence of our approach.
Phagolysosomal pH and dissolution of cobalt oxide particles by alveolar macrophages. (1992)

We studied phagolysosomal pH in rabbit alveolar macrophages (AM) incubated with 0-15 microM chloroquine. There was a dose-related increase in pH with chloroquine concentration. Electron microscopy showed that chloroquine increased lysosomal size. In a second experiment we studied dissolution of radiolabeled cobalt oxide particles by rabbit AM, phagolysosomal pH, and lysosomal size. The cells were incubated for 2 days with 0, 2.5, and 10 microM chloroquine. Size and pH increased with chloroquine concentration. Dissolution of cobalt particles by the AM did not clearly change with pH. In a third experiment, dissolution of cobalt oxide particles in 0.1 M acetate buffer in saline with pH 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 was studied. At the same pH, dissolution in acetate buffer was faster than in the AM, and the dissolution appeared to decrease faster with increasing pH than in the AM. A simple model for dissolution of a particle in a phagolysosome was proposed. This model predicts the types of differences in dissolution between AM and buffered saline.
Thiophen als Strukturelement physiologisch aktiver Substanzen, 9. Mitt. Thienopyrazin‐1,4‐dioxide (1981)

Abstract Die Synthese der isomeren Titelverbindungen 5 und 9 wird beschrieben. Beide zeigten keine nennenswerte antibakterielle Aktivität.
Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Steels In Agricultural Ammonia (1962)

Stress-corrosion cracking has been determined as the cause of failure of carbon steel tanks in agricultural ammonia service. Effects of ammonia contaminants, such as air, water, carbon dioxide, oil, etc. on failure rates were studied. In general, air contamination increased stress-corrosion cracking and water in small amounts inhibited the attack. For prevention of such failures, it was recommended that high residual stresses in ammonia vessels be avoided by the use of stress relieving treatments, that air be eliminated from agricultural ammonia systems and that the ammonia should have a minimum water content of 0.20 percent. 3.5.8
Synthesis and Characterization of New Fluorescent Polymerizable Dyes Based on Naphthalimide (2010)

Two new polymerizable fluorescent dyes based on naphthalimide derivatives were prepared. For this purpose, acenaphthene as a primary material was brominated and further reacted by various unit processes such as oxidation, imidation and amination in order to obtain polymerizable fluorescent dyes. The UV-vis spectrophotometry of the synthesized dyes in chloroform represents dyes that have wavelength of maximum absorption between 441-443 nm with extinction coefficients from 56.83 to 60.46 l.g-1.cm-1. The synthesized dyes have been characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FTIR, 1H NMR, UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorometry. These dyes were copolymerized with methyl methacrylate and two intrinsically coloured copolymers were obtained. It is assumed that 97-99% of the dyes are chemically bonded to polymer chains. The fluorescent characteristics of copolymers in the solid state were determined by fluorometer and it was found that they have relatively high quantum yields (70-89%). Two synthesized copolymers containing propyl and butyl have also stock's shifts (λ F -λ A ) about 75 nm and 61 nm, respectively. Thermal properties of the copolymers were evaluated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The results showed that the glass transition temperatures of the synthesized copolymers containing propyl and butyl groups are similar to each other. It means that the nature of alkyl group (propyl or butyl) does not play significant role in the context of T g change.
The behaviour of flip-flops used as synchronizers and prediction of their failure rate (1980)

Deals with the behavior of flip-flops, used as input synchronizers, in particular when they operate in the metastable region. It is shown first, theoretically as well as experimentally, that the average rate of system failures, due to the occurrence of metastable states (MSSs), is independent of circuit noise. A formula which describes the probability of occurrence of a metastable state has been derived. To verify the theory, measurements have been made on a flip-flop made in n-channel MOS technology. Also a method is given for predicting the average number of system failures, for a given flip-flop, occurring over a year. This method is applied to predict this average failure rate for the designed synchronizer.
Useful second‐tier tests in expanded newborn screening of isovaleric acidemia and methylmalonic aciduria (2010)

Common use of pivalate-generating antibiotics in newborns in Japan and low cutoff value of C5-acylcarnitine (C5) to detect mild forms of isovaleric acidemia (IVA) led to 1,065 positive results from IVA screening among 146,000 newborns tested by tandem mass spectrometry over the last 3 years. Using our method to determine isovalerylglycine (IVG) levels in dried blood spots (DBS) as a second-tier test with IVG cutoff value of 0.5 nmol/ml in DBS, one patient with severe IVA was identified, and no recall of the second DBS was needed. Retrospective analysis revealed that most patients with moderate to severe forms of IVA have decreased free-carnitine levels shortly after birth and higher levels of IVG than those of C5, which suggests that this method is useful in evaluating the severity of IVA. Another second-tier test, to measure methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels in DBS by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), has been developed to overcome difficulties in screening methylmalonic aciduria (MMAU) and propionic acidemia. Methanol extract from DBS was dried and derivatized using N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide. GC/MS was performed using splitless injection, electron-impact ionization, and selected ion monitoring for data recording. MMAU patients had much higher DBS concentrations of MMA (24.2-321.9 nmol/ml) than control newborns (0.34 ± 0.11 nmol/ml). MMA measurement in DBS was thought to provide useful information about the severity of MMAU, as MMAU patients with high levels of MMA had decreased levels of free carnitine and mildly increased levels of propionylcarnitine.