gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser Induced Ablation and Doping Processes on High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells (2008)

Selective ablation and doping are processes common in crystalline silicon solar cell manufacturing intended to reduce the contact resistance between the metal and silicon and to enhance the blue response of the cells by means of a lightly doped emitter combined to a heavy doped contact area. These processes can particularly take advantage of the usage of laser technology since it enables the possibility to substitute high temperature furnace driven processes by low thermal budget, locally selective and highly flexible processes offered by lasers. One of the key points in transferring laser processes into production is the selection of the most adequate laser source and processing conditions. In this work we focus on the development of a laser assisted process of simultaneous ablation and doping for high efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells. Detailed process characterisation has been carried out as a function of different laser parameters. Evaluation of the sheet resistance of the doped area and dimensional and microstructural characterisation of laser transformed areas have been carried out for different process configurations. The impact of laser induced damage on the cell performance has been evaluated and strategies to minimise it are suggested.
Total Syntheses of 2,4-Diamino-2,4-dideoxy-<scp>l</scp>-arabinose and 2,4-Diamino-2,4-dideoxy-<scp>l</scp>-ribose (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTTotal Syntheses of 2,4-Diamino-2,4-dideoxy-l-arabinose and 2,4-Diamino-2,4-dideoxy-l-ribosePaola Soro, Gloria Rassu, Pietro Spanu, Luigi Pinna, Franca Zanardi, and Giovanni CasiraghiView Author Information Istituto per l'Applicazione delle Tecniche Chimiche Avanzate del CNR, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica dell'Università, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy, and Dipartimento Farmaceutico dell'Università, Viale delle Scienze, I-43100 Parma, Italy Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 15, 5172–5174Publication Date (Web):July 26, 1996Publication History Received6 February 1996Published online26 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960246fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960246fbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amides,Carbohydrates,Nitrogen,Reaction products,Reagents Get e-Alerts
Effect of Trichostatin A on CD4 surface density in peripheral blood T cells. (2006)

Acetylation level of chromatin histones is maintained by histone acetylases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs) and correlates with transcriptional activity of genes. Trichostatin A (TSA) is HDAC inhibitor that causes various effects in cells, including immunomodulation. The CD4 antigen is a key coreceptor involved in activation of T helper cells. Using quantitative real-time PCR (RQ-PCR) and flow cytometry techniques, we estimated CD4 transcript level and density of CD4 antigen on the surface of TSA-treated stimulated and unstimulated peripheral T cells. We observed a dose dependent decrease in CD4 mRNA level and antigen density on surface of TSA-treated stimulated T cells. However, we did not observe any significant TSA effect on CD4 mRNA and protein expression in unstimulated T cells. Our data suggest that TSA may induce biosynthesis of factors responsible for negative regulation of CD4 antigen expression in stimulated T cells. Our investigation may support previous observation that this drug has immunosuppresive effect on primary T cells and may be useful in treatment of certain autoimmune disorders.
The Potential of panHER Inhibition in Cancer (2015)

The use of panHER inhibitors in cancers with HER-family hyper-activation, such as other epithelial cancers and sarcoma, is a new direction to research and has potential in clinical cancer therapy in the future.
Polarization-dependent optical 2D Fourier transform spectroscopy of semiconductors (2007)

Optical 2D Fourier transform spectroscopy (2DFTS) provides insight into the many-body interactions in direct gap semiconductors by separating the contributions to the coherent nonlinear optical response. We demonstrate these features of optical 2DFTS by studying the heavy-hole and light-hole excitonic resonances in a gallium arsenide quantum well at low temperature. Varying the polarization of the incident beams exploits selection rules to achieve further separation. Calculations using a full many-body theory agree well with experimental results and unambiguously demonstrate the dominance of many-body physics.
History of regulation of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in the USA: A work in progress (2003)

The advent of human assisted reproductive technology (ART) has engendered much legal and ethical debate. This article examines the evolution of regulation in ART in the USA and discusses the impetus for, and repercussions of, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority in the UK. Key differences in government legislation between the UK and USA have driven the evolution of a distinct regulatory body that oversees ART in the USA. The National Advisory Board on Ethics in Reproduction (NABER) serves as an unofficial advisory body that addresses ethical issues in reproduction. The Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) maintains a registry that collects, reports and verifies data for individual ART clinics. Clinic-specific success rates are readily available through annual reports published through a collaboration of SART, the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), the Center for Disease Control (CDC), and the National Infertility Association (RESOLVE). The ASRM has assumed a strong advisory role in addressing ethical issues and practice guidelines in assisted reproduction. Thus, although there is no central body to regulate ART in the USA, basic legislation, standards and guidelines that drive the provision of these services do exist in the USA.
De novo identification of repeat families in large genomes (2005)

Source code is available for download at http://www-cse.ucsd.edu/groups/bioinformatics/software.html
The level of haemoglobin in anaemic cancer patients correlates positively with quality of life (2002)

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between haemoglobin level and quality-of-life in anaemic cancer patients. Patients, diagnosed with one of four cancers, were recruited if their haemoglobin level was <12 g dl(-1) (female) or <13 g dl(-1) (male). The condition-specific Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anaemia and the generic SF-36 were used to assess quality-of-life. Thirty-six per cent of the 179 recruited patients had breast cancer, 28% ovarian cancer, 25% lung cancer, and 11% multiple myeloma. Their mean (s.d.) haemoglobin level was 10.66 (1.04) g dl(-1). Partial correlations controlling for the potentially confounding effects of age, gender, and time since diagnosis found significant positive relationships between haemoglobin and all domains of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anaemia, and with all but two of the SF-36 domains. On linear regression controlling for the same factors, each unit haemoglobin rise equalled an average 8.19 Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anaemia, and an average 6.88 Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue, increase. Haemoglobin accounted for a similar amount of variability (8%) in SF-36 scores. In conclusion, quality-of-life has been found to be significantly positively related to haemoglobin level in anaemic cancer patients. This suggests that normalisation of haemoglobin in cancer patients is likely to increase their quality-of-life. The greater sensitivity of the condition-specific Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anaemia compared with the generic SF-36 suggests that the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anaemia can be used alone to assess quality-of life in this patient group.
Optimization techniques for approximation with subdivision surfaces (2004)

We present a method for scattered data approximation with subdivision surfaces which actually uses the true representation of the limit surface as a linear combination of smooth basis functions associated with the control vertices. This is unlike previous techniques which used only piecewise linear approximations of the limit surface. By this we can assign arbitrary parameterizations to the given sample points, including those generated by parameter correction. We present a robust and fast algorithm for exact closest point search on Loop surfaces by combining Newton iteration and non-linear minimization. Based on this we perform unconditionally convergent parameter correction to optimize the approximation with respect to the L2 metric and thus we make a well-established scattered data fitting technique which has been available before only for B-spline surfaces, applicable to subdivision surfaces. Further we exploit the fact that the control mesh of a subdivision surface can have arbitrary connectivity to reduce the L∞ error up to a certain user-defined tolerance by adaptively restructuring the control mesh. By employing iterative least squares solvers, we achieve acceptable running times even for large amounts of data and we obtain high quality approximations by surfaces with relatively low control mesh complexity compared to the number of sample points. Since we are using plain subdivision surfaces, there is no need for multiresolution detail coefficients and we do not have to deal with the additional overhead in data and computational complexity associated with them.
Designed hybrid TPR peptide targeting Hsp90 as a novel anticancer agent (2011)

These results indicate that Antp-TPR peptide would provide a potent and selective anticancer therapy to cancer patients.
Monitoring of the Biological Response to Murine Hindlimb Ischemia With <sup>64</sup> Cu-Labeled Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-121 Positron Emission Tomography (2008)

64Cu-VEGF121 positron emission tomography allows longitudinal spatial and quantitative monitoring of VEGFR2 expression in murine hindlimb ischemia and indirectly visualizes enhanced angiogenesis stimulated by treadmill exercise training.
Cancer-Stellate Cell Interactions Perpetuate the Hypoxia-Fibrosis Cycle in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2009)

Although PSCs are the dominant producers of VEGF and increase endothelial cell growth in vitro, in the peritumoral stroma, they contribute to the fibrotic/hypoxic milieu through abnormal extracellular matrix deposition and by amplifying endostatin production of cancer cells.
Selective and Reversible Binding of Thiol-Functionalized Biomolecules on Polymers Prepared via Chemical Vapor Deposition Polymerization (2015)

We use chemical vapor deposition polymerization to prepare a novel dibromomaleimide-functionalized polymer for selective and reversible binding of thiol-containing biomolecules on a broad range of substrates. We report the synthesis and CVD polymerization of 4-(3,4-dibromomaleimide)[2.2]paracyclophane to yield nanometer thick polymer coatings. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the chemical composition of the polymer coating. The reactivity of the polymer coating toward thiol-functionalized molecules was confirmed using fluorescent ligands. As a proof of concept, the binding and subsequent release of cysteine-modified peptides from the polymer coating were also demonstrated via sum frequency generation spectroscopy. This reactive polymer coating provides a flexible surface modification approach to selectively and reversibly bind biomolecules on a broad range of materials, which could open up new opportunities in many biomedical sensing and diagnostic applications where specific binding and release of target analytes are desired.
Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks That Ensure Quality of Service (2008)

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) allow vehicles to form a self-organized network without the need for permanent infrastructure. Even though VANETs are mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), because of the intrinsic characteristics of VANETs, routing protocols designed for MANETs cannot be directly applied for VANETs. In this paper, we present a timeline of the development of the existing routing protocols for VANETs that try to support quality of service (QoS). Moreover, we classify and characterize the existing QoS routing protocols for VANETs and also provide a qualitative comparison of them. This classification and characterization helps in understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the existing QoS protocols and also throws light on open issues that remain to be addressed.
VCAM-1 expression in adult hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells is controlled by tissue-inductive signals and reflects their developmental origin (2005)

Although expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in endothelial cells and its functional implications have been previously appreciated, VCAM-1 expression in other than endothelial cells, especially hematopoietic cells, has been recently recognized and has not been explored in detail. Using normal mice and mice with a conditional ablation of VCAM-1 through a Tie2-driven cre transgene, we have studied the biodistribution and the pattern of VCAM-1 expression in circulating versus tissue-residing cells before and after their enforced mobilization. In the normal mouse, both at basal hematopoiesis or following mobilization, VCAM-1 expression is confined to myeloid cells residing in hematopoietic tissues, whereas free cells in circulation or in body cavities are devoid of VCAM-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein. However, following culture, proliferating myeloid cells, but not lymphoid cells, express VCAM-1. In the VCAM-1-ablated mouse, there is an increase in circulating progenitors as a consequence of their ongoing release from bone marrow, a process enhanced by splenectomy. We postulate that the main mechanism leading to their release is the ablation of VCAM-1 by fibroblastic and by endothelial cells. Ablation of VCAM-1 in fibroblasts by Tie2-driven cre is a novel finding and likely denotes their developmental ancestry by Tie2-expressing (mesenchymal?) progenitor cells during development.
Differences in Susceptibility of Human Cells to Mouse Sarcoma Virus<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1971)

Eighteen different human cell strains and lines were transformed by rat-cell-adapted Kirsten mouse sarcoma virus. The change in morphology was focal and could be quantitatively evaluated. The susceptibility of individual strains to transformation varied more than 300-fold. In general, more susceptible cell strains were found among those derived from individuals with neoplasia and genetic or chromosomal abnormalities than those derived from “normal” individuals and fetuses. Virus released from human cells infected with, and transformed by, mouse sarcoma virus induced foci when assayed on rat cells.
High Resolution Coherent 2D Spectroscopy (2010)

The purpose of this article is to describe recent progress on the use of coherent two-dimensional spectroscopy for investigating the electronic spectroscopy of gas phase molecules. Unlike conventional high resolution spectra where peaks are distributed along a single axis, high resolution coherent 2D spectra reveal informative patterns along two orthogonal frequency domains. The technique can successfully produce these patterns in situations where one-dimensional spectra appear patternless due to complexity and congestion. Molecular spectra that are difficult to analyze because of strongly perturbing effects (e.g., conical intersections) may be studied using this new technique. Several innovations, such as the ability to graphically separate rotational and vibrational information by clustering peaks and the ability to use multiple clusters to overcome spectral congestion help provide high resolution coherent 2D spectroscopy with the ability to analyze spectra that have previously resisted analysis.
Oxidation of Fe-R-B powders during preparation of permanent magnets (1987)

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been employed to study the changes which occur in the powders used to prepare Fe-R-B permanent magnets upon heating. Three exothermic reactions are observed upon heating the powders. The correlation of DSC data with the magnetic properties of Fe-R-B powders shows that these reactions cause a significant deterioration of the hard magnetic properties of the resulting magnets. The most probable explanation of these exothermic reactions is the reaction between chemisorbed oxygen and rare-earth metals to form bulk oxides. It appears that there is a critical oxygen concentration associated with a critical particle size which limits the development of hard magnetic properties.
The electrohydrodynamic deformation of drops suspended in liquids in steady and oscillatory electric fields (1992)

When an electric field is applied to a drop suspended in another liquid the drop deforms. The relation between the applied field and the mode and magnitude of the deformation have been studied extensively. Nevertheless, Torza, Cox & Mason (1971) found that quantitative agreement between the leaky dielectric theory (Taylor 1966) and experiment is quite poor. Here we describe results from a new series of experiments. Drops suspended in weakly conducting liquids were deformed into spheroids with both steady and oscillatory fields. Drop deformation, interfacial tension, and the electrical properties of the fluids were measured for each system to provide a definitive test of the theory. The agreement between the leaky dielectric model and our results for drop deformations in steady fields is much improved over previous results, although discrepancies remain for some systems. Drop deformations in oscillatory fields consist of steady and oscillatory parts because of the quadratic dependence on the field strength. Measurements of the steady part at 60 Hz, where the oscillatory deformation is negligible, are in excellent agreement with the theory. The effects of frequency on the steady deformation were studied by measuring oblate deformations at a series of frequencies and field strengths; the agreement with theory is good. Finally, the time-dependent total deformation was measured under conditions where both parts of the deformation are commensurate. Good agreement was found between the measured and predicted maximum and minimum deformations. Nevertheless, only a small range of fluid properties could be studied owing to the need to avoid droplet sedimentation.
Deep neural network-based speaker embeddings for end-to-end speaker verification (2016)

In this study, we investigate an end-to-end text-independent speaker verification system. The architecture consists of a deep neural network that takes a variable length speech segment and maps it to a speaker embedding. The objective function separates same-speaker and different-speaker pairs, and is reused during verification. Similar systems have recently shown promise for text-dependent verification, but we believe that this is unexplored for the text-independent task. We show that given a large number of training speakers, the proposed system outperforms an i-vector baseline in equal error-rate (EER) and at low miss rates. Relative to the baseline, the end-to-end system reduces EER by 13% average and 29% pooled across test conditions. The fused system achieves a reduction of 32% average and 38% pooled.
Production of anti‐(ADP‐ribose) antibodies with the aid of a dinucleotide‐pyrophosphatase‐resistant hapten and their application for the detection of mono(ADP‐ribosyl)ated polypeptides (1986)

Previous attempts to produce anti-(ADP-ribose) antibodies by immunization of rabbits with ADP-ribose conjugated to serum albumin had resulted in the production of 5'AMP-specific antibodies [Bredehorst et al. (1978) Eur. J. Biochem. 82, 105-113]. To obtain true anti-(ADP-ribose) antibodies an antigen was constructed that was resistant to enzymic degradation at the pyrophosphate group. The enzymically active beta-methylene derivative of NAD (NAD[CH2]) was synthesized from ADP containing a methylene bridge (CH2) instead of an oxygen in the diphosphate group. NAD[CH2] was converted to its N6-[(2-carboxyethyl)thiomethyl] derivative and hydrolyzed to the corresponding ADP[CH2]-ribose derivative which was then coupled to bovine serum albumin. The antibodies obtained with this antigen were specific for free or protein-bound ADP-ribose groups, except for a cross-reaction with FAD, AMP, ADP, ATP or poly(ADP-ribose) interfered with [3H]ADP-ribose tracer binding only at higher concentrations. No interference was observed with poly(A), RNA and DNA at 6000-fold excess. The antibodies were purified on a novel type of affinity matrix. This was formed from NAD and guanidinobutyrate by a cholera-toxin-catalyzed reaction and the product, ADP-ribosyl guanidinobutyrate, was bound to Affi Gel by carbodiimide-aided condensation. The purified antibodies allowed the detection of ADP-ribose conjugated to polypeptides in amounts lower than 1 pmol as demonstrated by immunoblotting of [14C]ADP-ribosylated elongation factor 2. They also could be used to observe in situ, by indirect immunofluorescence, the increased mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of nuclear proteins in dimethyl-sulfate-treated cells, and to show that histone H2B was the principal histone acceptor of single ADP-ribose groups in alkylated 3T3 cells.
Impaired Caspase-3 Expression by Peripheral T Cells in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis and in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome-2 (2006)

Our data show that peripheral lymphocytes of subjects affected by thyroid autoimmunity or APS-2 show defective expression of the major executioner of AICD, thus potentially contributing to AICD resistance and to the development of autoimmunity.
Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Five Different Lymphatic Basins Using Quantum Dots (2007)

Quantum dots can be used to perform multicolor images with high fluorescent intensity and are of a nanosize suitable for lymphatic imaging via direct interstitial injection. Here simultaneous multicolor in vivo wavelength-resolved spectral fluorescence lymphangiography is shown using five quantum dots with similar physical sizes but different emission spectra. This allows noninvasive and simultaneous visualization of five separate lymphatic flows draining and may have implications for predicting the route of cancer metastasis into the lymph nodes.