gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QTL affecting soluble carbohydrate concentrations in stored onion bulbs and their association with flavor and health-enhancing attributes (2004)

Onion bulbs accumulate fructans, a type of soluble carbohydrate associated with lower rates of colorectal cancers. Higher fructan concentrations in bulbs are correlated with higher pungency, longer dormancy, and greater onion-induced antiplatelet activity (OIAA). We analyzed replicated field trials of a segregating family for types and concentrations of soluble carbohydrates in onion bulbs 90 days after harvest. Means were adjusted using dry weight as the covariant to reveal highly significant (P < 0.001) differences among parents and families for glucose, fructose, sucrose, and the fructans 1-kestose, neokestose, and (6G,1)-nystose. Fructan concentrations showed significant (P < 0.05) phenotypic correlations with each other and with sucrose, pungency, and OIAA. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that onion bulbs accumulating fructans take up or retain less water, concentrating both soluble carbohydrates and thiosulfinates responsible for pungency and OIAA. Interval mapping of family means from the covariant analyses revealed regions on linkage groups A and D significantly (LOD > 2.68) affecting soluble carbohydrate concentrations. The enzyme catalyzing the first step of fructan polymerization, 1-sucrose-sucrose fructosyltransferase (1-SST), mapped independently of these genomic regions. One region on linkage group D near an acid-invertase gene was significantly (LOD = 3.45) associated with sucrose concentrations. This study reveals that the accumulation of sucrose in stored onion bulbs may allow for the combination of sweeter flavor with significant OIAA.
MOA: Massive Online Analysis (2010)

Massive Online Analysis (MOA) is a software environment for implementing algorithms and run-ning experiments for online learning from evolving data streams. MOA includes a collection of offline and online methods as well as tools for evaluation. In particular, it implements boosting, bagging, and Hoeffding Trees, all with and without Naı̈ve Bayes classifiers at the leaves. MOA supports bi-directional interaction with WEKA, the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analy-sis, and is released under the GNU GPL license.
Ruth Thomas 1902–1983: An appreciation (1983)

(1983). Ruth Thomas 1902–1983: An appreciation. Journal of Child Psychotherapy: Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 5-6.
Using knowledge encoded in graphical disease models to support context -sensitive visualization of medical data (2009)

Given the large quantity of diverse, heterogeneous data in a typical patient record, users spend much of their time and effort finding relevant information to help accomplish their tasks. One of the greatest problems in todayâs healthcare environment is matching the increased capability of gathering patient data with a comparable ability to understand, analyze, and act rationally upon this information. This dissertation attempts to bridge this gap by presenting methods for creating context-sensitive visualizations using graphical disease models. Building upon past efforts in Bayesian belief networks and explanation generation, this work explores how the modelâs variables, defined relationships, and probabilities are used to identify which data elements in the patient record are important and how the information should be presented for a particular context. A data model, called the visual dictionary, is used to integrate contextual information from graphical disease models and other knowledge sources (e.g., ontologies and user/task models) to generate instructions for laying out patient data in a graphical user interface. These concepts are implemented in two separate applications that demonstrate how context-sensitive visualizations can: 1) be applied towards helping users query large biomedical repositories; and 2) generate an integrated, longitudinal view of a multimedia patient record. The applications were used to evaluate the feasibility of using graphical disease models to retrieve relevant documents and to obtain feedback on the adaptive interfaces through pilot usability studies. Initial results from the pilot studies were positive overall. Developing context-sensitive visualizations that facilitate users with querying these models and understanding the results is a significant step towards using collected data to improve patient care at the bedside.
Rearing Wild Animals in Captivity, and Gestation Periods (1936)

Journal Article Rearing Wild Animals in Captivity, and Gestation Periods Get access C. Emerson Brown C. Emerson Brown Fairfax Apartments, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 17, Issue 1, 14 February 1936, Pages 10–13, https://doi.org/10.2307/1374541 Published: 14 February 1936
Positron Scattering and Annihilation from the Hydrogen Molecule at Zero Energy (2009)

The confined variational method is used to generate a basis of correlated Gaussians to describe the interaction region wave function for positron scattering from the H2 molecule. The scattering length was approximately = -2.7a(0) while the zero energy Z(eff) of 15.7 is compatible with experimental values. The variation of the scattering length and Z(eff) with internuclear distance was surprisingly rapid due to virtual state formation at R approximately = 3.4a(0).
Treatment of Chronic Steroid-Refractory Graft-Versus-Host Disease With Low-Dose Rituximab (2008)

Rituximab, an anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody, is widely used in hematologic malignancies and has been introduced as a therapeutic option in autoimmune disorders. In recent studies, rituximab has shown promising activity in steroid-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) at a weekly dose of 375 mg/m2. We now report on 13 subjects after peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation receiving low-dose rituximab (50 mg/m2) for steroid-refractory cGvHD and autoimmune disorders (membranous glomerulonephritis and immune thrombocytopenic purpura). The overall response rate was 69%, including two patients with complete responses. In accordance, we observed clearance of peripheral blood B cells even after the first dose of rituximab in four patients. We conclude that low-dose rituximab seems to be active and safe in intensively pretreated patients with steroid-refractory cGvHD.
REACTIONS OF POLYMER LATEXES WITH PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (1975)

This paper explains the physical and chemical actions and reactions of polyvinylidene chloride and styrene-butadiene polymer latexes on the aggregate and portland cement in concrete. It also describes how the polymer particles irreversibly bond to the aggregate and cement, form a monolayer of plastic particles over their surfaces, and subsequently coalesce to form a continuous polymer phase throughout the concrete. The need for curing procedures with latex concrete different from those required for the optimum cure of conventional concrete is also discussed. These basic data are expanded to explain how polymer latexes reinforce concrete, improve its structural properties, control its elastic behavior, and greatly enhance its durability. Data are presented to describe polymer latex concrete with compressive strengths from 5,000 to 15,000 psi (34 500 to 103 000 kPa), flexural strengths from 800 to 2,000 psi (5520 to 13 800 kPa), elastic moduli from 2 to 5 x 10 to the 6th power kPa), bond strength to steel greater than 2,500 psi (17 200 kPa), and bond strength to concrete greater than 600 psi (4140 kPa) at which the concrete substrate fails. Practical applications of latex concrete over the past 20 years are described, and why the materials are ideally suited for each application is explained.
Selective ET <sub>A</sub> Receptor Antagonism Reduces Neointimal Hyperplasia in a Porcine Coronary Stent Model (1998)

Oral, selective ET(A) receptor antagonism significantly reduced neointimal hyperplasia forming over porcine coronary stented injuries in the first 28 days. This strategy may have clinical potential for the limitation and treatment of coronary restenosis after percutaneous revascularization.
Inhibition of granulocytic differentiation by <i>mNotch1</i> (1996)

Effective hematopoiesis requires the commitment of pluripotent and multipotent stem cells to distinct differentiation pathways, proliferation and maturation of cells in the various lineages, and preservation of pluripotent progenitors to provide continuous renewal of mature blood cells. While the importance of positive and negative cytokines in regulating proliferation and maturation of hematopoietic cells has been well documented, the factors and molecular processes involved in lineage commitment and self-renewal of multipotent progenitors have not yet been defined. In other developmental systems, cellular interactions mediated by members of the Notch gene family have been shown to influence cell fate determination by multipotent progenitors. We previously described the expression of the human Notch1 homolog, TAN-1, in immature hematopoietic precursors. We now demonstrate that constitutive expression of the activated intracellular domain of mouse Notch1 in 32D myeloid progenitors inhibits granulocytic differentiation and permits expansion of undifferentiated cells, findings consistent with the known function of Notch in other systems.
The NH2-Terminal 14–16 Amino Acids of Mitochondrial and Bacterial Thiolases Can Direct Mature Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase into Mitochondria1 (1990)

Unlike most mitochondrial matrix proteins, the mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase [EC 2.3.1.16] is synthesized with no cleavable presequence and possesses information for mitochondrial targeting and import in the mature protein. This mitochondrial thiolase is homologous with the mature portion of peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase and acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase [EC 2.3.1.9] of Zoogloea ramigera along the entire sequence. A hybrid gene encoding the NH2-terminal 16 residues (MALLRGVFIVAAKRTP) of the mitochondrial thiolase fused to the mature portion of rat ornithine carbamoyltransferase [EC 2.1.3.3] (lacking its own presequence) was transfected into COS cells, and subcellular localization of the fusion protein was analyzed. Cell fractionation and immunocytochemical analyses showed that the fusion protein was localized in the mitochondria. These results indicate that the NH2-terminal 16 residues of the mitochondrial thiolase function as a noncleavable signal for mitochondrial targeting and import of this enzyme protein. The fusion protein containing the NH2-terminal 14 residues (MSTPSIVIASARTA) of the bacterial thiolase was also localized in the mitochondria. On the other hand, the fusion protein containing the corresponding portion (MQASASDVVVVHGQRTP) of the peroxisomal thiolase appeared not to be localized to the mitochondria. These results show that the import signal of mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase originated from the NH2-terminal portion of the ancestral thiolase. The ancestral enzyme might have already possessed a mitochondrial import activity when mitochondria appeared first, or that it might have acquired the import activity during evolution by accumulation of point mutations in the NH2-terminal portion of the enzyme.
Adaptation of Escherichia coli to Elevated Sodium Concentrations Increases Cation Tolerance and Enables Greater Lactic Acid Production (2014)

Adaptive evolution was employed to generate sodium (Na(+))-tolerant mutants of Escherichia coli MG1655. Four mutants with elevated sodium tolerance, designated ALS1184, ALS1185, ALS1186, and ALS1187, were independently isolated after 73 days of serial transfer in medium containing progressively greater Na(+) concentrations. The isolates also showed increased tolerance of K(+), although this cation was not used for selective pressure. None of the adapted mutants showed increased tolerance to the nonionic osmolyte sucrose. Several physiological parameters of E. coli MG1655 and ALS1187, the isolate with the greatest Na(+) tolerance, were calculated and compared using glucose-limited chemostats. Genome sequencing showed that the ALS1187 isolate contained mutations in five genes, emrR, hfq, kil, rpsG, and sspA, all of which could potentially affect the ability of E. coli to tolerate Na(+). Two of these genes, hfq and sspA, are known to be involved in global regulatory processes that help cells endure a variety of cellular stresses. Pyruvate formate lyase knockouts were constructed in strains MG1655 and ALS1187 to determine whether increased Na(+) tolerance afforded increased anaerobic generation of lactate. In fed-batch fermentations, E. coli ALS1187 pflB generated 76.2 g/liter lactate compared to MG1655 pflB, which generated only 56.3 g/liter lactate.
Biocementation of Concrete Pavements Using Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (2017)

In this study, the feasibility of introducing calcite-forming bacteria into concrete pavements to improve their mechanical performance was investigated. <i>Lysinibacillus sphaericus</i> WJ-8, which was isolated in a previous study and is capable of exhibiting high urease activity and calcite production, was used. When analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction, WJ-8 showed a significant amount of calcite precipitation. The compressive strength of cement mortar mixed with WJ-8 cells and nutrient medium (urea with calcium lactate) increased by 10% compared with that of the controls. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analyses confirmed that the increase in strength was due to the calcite formed by the WJ-8 cells.
EFFECT OF INHIBITORS FROM ADULT CONNECTIVE TISSUE ON GROWTH OF A SERIES OF HUMAN TUMORS IN VITRO. (1965)

Summary The extraction of growth inhibitors from normal adult connective tissue (aorta, tendon, and muscle) by mild tryptic digestion is described. More than 100 growth inhibitory preparations, including crude tissue extracts, fractions, and subfractions were tested for their effects on growth in primary tissue culture of 25 biopsies of human tumors. The growth of many tumors was reduced 75–100% when incubated in these solutions before being cultured. The preparations were particularly effective against sarcomas, but inhibited the growth of other tumors as well (melanomas, hemangiopericytomas, a xanthoma, and a thymoma); the supporting mesenchymal cells of other tumors were also inhibited. These results appear to support the thesis that a balance of stimulatory and inhibitory substances controls growth normally. Histochemical studies indicated that these agents are normal components of the intercellular ground substance. They are nondialyzable macromolecules, highly active biologically, since very small amounts (0.05 mg/ml or less) clearly showed the effects described. Nitrogen values indicated at least 50% protein. No deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was present but there was approximately 10% ribonucleic acid (RNA). Sensitive chemical tests failed to reveal significant amounts of hexoses or hexosamines. It appears likely that these factors may be part of complexes associated with proteins such as mucopolysaccharide-nucleic acid-protein complexes.
Type III Protein Secretion in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (2009)

Many gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria employ a type III secretion system (T3SS) to subvert and colonize their respective host organisms. The T3SS injects effector proteins directly into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells and thus allows the manipulation of host cellular activities to
Three-Dimensional Structure of an Oncogene Protein: Catalytic Domain of Human c-H- <i>ras</i> P21 (1988)

The crystal structure at 2.7 A resolution of the normal human c-H-ras oncogene protein lacking a flexible carboxyl-terminal 18 residue reveals that the protein consists of a six-stranded beta sheet, four alpha helices, and nine connecting loops. Four loops are involved in interactions with bound guanosine diphosphate: one with the phosphates, another with the ribose, and two with the guanine base. Most of the transforming proteins (in vivo and in vitro) have single amino acid substitutions at one of a few key positions in three of these four loops plus one additional loop. The biological functions of the remaining five loops and other exposed regions are at present unknown. However, one loop corresponds to the binding site for a neutralizing monoclonal antibody and another to a putative "effector region"; mutations in the latter region do not alter guanine nucleotide binding or guanosine triphosphatase activity but they do reduce the transforming activity of activated proteins. The data provide a structural basis for understanding the known biochemical properties of normal as well as activated ras oncogene proteins and indicate additional regions in the molecule that may possibly participate in other cellular functions.
Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory April to June, 1947 (1947)

( Latitude 38° 44′.0 N., longitude 76° 50′.5 or 5 h 07 m .4 W. of Gr. ) April 8 —A minor disturbance began with a sudden commencement in all three elements at 21 h 49 m GMT, April 8. H suddenly decreased 50 gammas and then increased 148 gammas, both changes taking place in about two minutes. Irregular oscillations of moderate amplitude appeared in all three elements. The disturbance subsided by 14 h . Two K ‐indices of 6 and two of 5 were recorded.
Multi-layered video transmission over wireless channels using an adaptive modulation and coding scheme (2002)

In this paper we describe a multi-layered video transport scheme for wireless channels capable of adapting to channel conditions in order to maximize end-to-end quality of service (QoS). This scheme combines a scalable H.263+ video source coder with unequal error protection (UEP) across layers. The UEP is achieved by employing different channel codes together with a multiresolution modulation approach to transport the different priority layers. Adaptivity to channel conditions is provided through use of joint source-channel coding (JSCC) which attempts to jointly optimize the source and channel coding rates together with the modulation parameters to obtain the maximum achievable end-to-end QoS for the prevailing channel conditions. Results indicate that this adaptive JSCC scheme employing scalable video encoding together with a multiresolution modulation/coding approach leads to significant improvements in delivered video quality for specified channel conditions. In particular, the approach results in considerably improved graceful degradation properties for decreasing channel SNR.
Optical fiber bioluminescent whole-cell microbial biosensors to genotoxicants (2000)

Conservation of water resources calls for ever stricter regulatory measures and better monitoring systems. Whole-cell bacterial sensors have been genetically engineered to react to target toxicants by the induction of a selected promoter and the subsequent production of bioluminescent light through a recombinant lux reporter. In order to create a one-step assay, we have designed a new, self-contained, disposable optical fiber sensor module and a customized photodetector system that integrates these microorganisms. A photon-counting photomultiplier tube-based instrument was constructed. Optical fiber tip cores were covered with adlayer films consisting of calcium alginate containing bioluminescent bacterial sensors of genotoxicants. Multiplying these steps thickened the adlayer in increments, increasing the number of bacterial reporters attached to the optical fiber transducer. These whole cell optrodes are responsive to external traces of DNA damaging agents such as mitomycin C. Light production was shown to be dose-dependent and proportional to the number of bacterial layers.
CCD noise removal in digital images (2006)

In this work, we propose a denoising scheme to restore images degraded by CCD noise. The CCD noise model, measured in the space of incident light values (light space), is a combination of signal-independent and signal-dependent noise terms. This model becomes more complex in image brightness space (normal camera output) due to the nonlinearity of the camera response function that transforms incoming data from light space to image space. We develop two adaptive restoration techniques, both accounting for this nonlinearity. One operates in light space, where the relationship between the incident light and light space values is linear, while the second method uses the transformed noise model to operate in image space. Both techniques apply multiple adaptive filters and merge their outputs to give the final restored image. Experimental results suggest that light space denoising is more efficient, since it enables the design of a simpler filter implementation. Results are given for real images with synthetic noise added, and for images with real noise.
Fate of induced pluripotent stem cells following transplantation to murine seminiferous tubules (2014)

Studies of human germ cell development are limited in large part by inaccessibility of germ cells during development. Moreover, although several studies have reported differentiation of mouse and human germ cells from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) in vitro, differentiation of human germ cells from PSCs in vivo has not been reported. Here, we tested whether mRNA reprogramming in combination with xeno-transplantation may provide a viable system to probe the genetics of human germ cell development via use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). For this purpose, we derived integration-free iPSCs via mRNA-based reprogramming with OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4 and cMYC alone (OSKM) or in combination with the germ cell-specific mRNA, VASA (OSKMV). All iPSC lines met classic criteria of pluripotency. Moreover, global gene expression profiling did not distinguish large differences between undifferentiated OSKM and OSKMV iPSCs; however, some differences were observed in expression of pluripotency factors and germ cell-specific genes, and in epigenetic profiles and in vitro differentiation studies. In contrast, transplantation of undifferentiated iPSCs directly into the seminiferous tubules of germ cell-depleted immunodeficient mice revealed divergent fates of iPSCs produced with different factors. Transplantation resulted in morphologically and immunohistochemically recognizable germ cells in vivo, particularly in the case of OSKMV cells. Significantly, OSKMV cells also did not form tumors while OSKM cells that remained outside the seminiferous tubule proliferated extensively and formed tumors. Results indicate that mRNA reprogramming in combination with transplantation may contribute to tools for genetic analysis of human germ cell development.
The neurobiology of depression—revisiting the serotonin hypothesis. I. Cellular and molecular mechanisms (2012)

The serotonin (5-HT) hypothesis of depression dates from the 1960s. It originally postulated that a deficit in brain serotonin, corrected by antidepressant drugs, was the origin of the illness. Nowadays, it is generally accepted that recurring mood disorders are brain diseases resulting from the combination, to various degrees, of genetic and other biological as well as environmental factors, evolving through the lifespan. All areas of neuroscience, from genes to behaviour, molecules to mind, and experimental to clinical, are actively engaged in attempts at elucidating the pathophysiology of depression and the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of antidepressant treatments. This first of two special issues of Philosophical Transactions B seeks to provide an overview of current developments in the field, with an emphasis on cellular and molecular mechanisms, and how their unravelling opens new perspectives for future research.