gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wound Measurement Tools and Techniques: A Review (2017)

Background: Chronic wounds in the United States are prevalent and costly, both financially and socially. Wound measurement is a cornerstone of best practice for wound management and reimbursement. For evidence-based best practice, wound measurement should be accurate and reliable to optimize patient care and outcomes. Purpose: The purpose of this narrative review was to articulate available measurement tools and techniques along with their accuracy, reliability, and clinical feasibility. Methods: CINAHL and MEDLINE were searched using combinations of key words related to wound measurement, wound types, measurement tools, reliability, repeatability, accuracy, or feasibility. Results: A total of 71 articles were included. Descriptions of the measurement tools were reported, as well as advantages/disadvantages related to inter- and intrarater reliability, accuracy, and feasibility were extracted. Measurement mechanisms were classified as contact versus noncontact. Measurement mechanisms described include rulers, manual tracing, photography, smartphone technology, laser-assisted technology, and stereophotogrammetry. Conclusion: Accuracy, reliability, and feasibility of wound measurement are critical to optimal evidence-based practice. This review finds that, at a minimum, noncontact measurement methods such as digital planimetry or analysis software should be used along with digital photography. More expensive accurate and reliable options, including laser-assisted technology or stereophotogrammetry, are appropriate if financially feasible.
Utilization of Dietary Urea in Rainbow Trout (1983)

Experiments were conducted to examine the potential utilization of dietary urea by rainbow trout. A control diet and two diets supplemented with 1 and 3% of urea were fed to fish. Postprandial levels of urea and ammonia in blood plasma, and postprandial excretion of these metabolites were followed during 24 h. Apparent digestibility of urea in rainbow trout was very high (greater than 98%). Maximum values of urea levels in plasma were reached 6 h (32.3 +/- 10.2 micrograms/ml) after a meal in the control fish and respectively 6 h (83.4 +/- 18.4 micrograms/ml) and 8 h (250.3 +/- 96.1 micrograms/ml) after a meal in trout fed 1 and 3% urea diets. Peaks of urea excretion rates appeared 7-9 h after meal, coinciding with the highest circulating urea concentration. Total daily urea excretion amounted to 5.53, 10.43 and 33.80 mg urea N/100 mg N intake in trout fed the control, 1 and 3% urea diets, respectively. It is concluded that the dietary urea is readily absorbed in the digestive tract of trout but is totally excreted thus leading to no beneficial effect on nitrogen balance. This excretion of urea also takes place passively without any increase in energy demands.
High-temperature corrosion behavior of iron-aluminide alloys and coatings (1995)

An Fe-28 at.% Al-2% Cr alloy doped with Y{sub 2}O{sub 3} showed improved scale adhesion relative to a dispersion-free form of the same composition. However, doping with CeO{sub 2} or La{sub 2}O{sub 3} was detrimental to oxidation behavior. A study of weld-overlay iron-aluminide coatings showed that, those with sufficiently high aluminum concentrations had sulfidation resistance in H{sub 2}S-H{sub 2}-H{sub 2}O-Ar at 800 C equivalent to the most resistant bulk iron aluminides. These corrosion-resistant coatings have the potential to be effective barriers in high-temperature sulfidizing environments provided the appropriate combinations of filler metal, process parameters, and substrate are used to produce adequate aluminum concentrations and minimal chromium contents. Exposures in an oxidizing/sulfidizing environment containing varying amounts of HCI at 450 and 550 C showed that Fe{sub 3}Al alloys had good corrosion resistance.
Vitamin C intake and serum uric acid concentration in men. (2008)

These population-based data indicate that vitamin C intake in men is inversely associated with serum uric acid concentrations. These findings support a potential role of vitamin C in the prevention of hyperuricemia and gout.
Characterization and Distribution of Bone Marrow–Derived Cells in Mouse Cornea (2005)

The present study provides direct evidence of the distribution of BM-derived cells in the mouse cornea. Immunohistochemical study showed that some of these cells are BM-derived antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Some elements of BM-derived cells may continue to exist in the corneal stroma.
Quasi-Steady-State Displacement Response of Whole Human Cadaveric Knees in a MRI Scanner (2009)

It is important to determine the three-dimensional nonuniform deformation of articular cartilage in its native environment. A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based technique (cartilage deformation by tag registration (CDTR)) has been developed, which can determine such deformations provided that the compressive load-displacement response of the knee reaches a quasi-steady state during cyclic loading. The objectives of this study were (1) to design and construct an apparatus to cyclically compress human cadaveric knees to physiological loads in a MRI scanner, (2) to determine the number of load cycles required to reach a quasi-steady-state load-displacement response for cyclic loading of human cadaveric knees, and (3) to collect sample MR images of undeformed and deformed states of tibiofemoral cartilage free of artifact while using the apparatus within a MRI scanner. An electropneumatic MRI-compatible apparatus was constructed to fit in a clinical MRI scanner, and a slope criterion was defined to indicate the point at which a quasi-steady-state load-displacement response, which would allow the use of CDTR, occurred during cyclic loading of a human knee. The average number of cycles required to reach a quasi-steady-state load-displacement response according to the slope criterion defined herein for three cadaveric knee joints was 356+/-69. This indicates that human knee joint specimens can be cyclically loaded such that deformation is repeatable according to MRI requirements of CDTR. Sample images of tibiofemoral cartilage were obtained for a single knee joint. These images demonstrate the usefulness of the apparatus in a MRI scanner. Thus the results of this study are a crucial step toward developing a MRI-based method to determine the deformations of articular cartilage in whole human cadaveric knees.
Uniform frontal illumination of planar surfaces: where to place the lamps (1993)

A method is presented for placing line, point, and ring light sources to produce uniform illumination of planar surfaces. Optimization consists in setting to zero as many terms as possible in a two-dimensional Taylor series expansion of the surface illumination. We analyze several practical lighting arrangements and discuss the significance of symmetry in lighting design. Four conditions are sufficient to produce optimal illumination: (1) place all lamps in a single plane parallel to the illuminated surface; (2) arrange linear sources in parallel pairs; (3) arrange point-source lamps to achieve fourfold symmetry with respect to any two orthogonal axes lying in the surface, this requires a minimum of four lamps; and (4) select lamp heights so that a line connecting each lamp to the center of the illuminated surface forms specific angles with the surface normal: 30 deg for line sources and approximately 39 deg for point and ring sources. Any lamp arrangement meeting these conditions produces an illumination function in which at least three orders of terms of the Taylor series expansion are zero. We also discuss circumstances under which some of these conditions can be relaxed.
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier second-order distortion in analog links and electronic compensation (1991)

The authors study the second-order distortion when an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is used to amplify the analog optical AM cable TV (CATV) multiple carrier signal from a directly modulated distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser. Experimentally, it was seen that this second order distortion depends critically on the gain of the EDFA fiber amplifier. The authors attribute this distortion to the interaction between the frequency chirping of the DFB laser and the variable gain with wavelength of the amplifier. The authors describe an electronic predistorter that compensates the nonlinearity produced by the DFB-laser-EDFA combination. As a result, the high power advantage of the EDFA can be fully realized in spite of the potential for second-order distortion in the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Melatonin attenuates gray and white matter damage in a mouse model of transient focal cerebral ischemia (2004)

We have previously shown that melatonin reduces infarct volumes and enhances neurobehavioral and electrophysiological recoveries following transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. In the study, we examined whether melatonin would display neuroprotection against neuronal, axonal and oligodendrocyte pathology after 24 hr of reperfusion following 1 hr of MCA occlusion in mice. Melatonin (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was given intraperitoneally at the commencement of reperfusion. Neurological deficits were assessed 24 hr after ischemia. Gray matter damage was evaluated by quantitative histopathology. Axonal damage was determined with amyloid precursor protein and microtubule-associated protein tau-1 immunohistochemistry to identify postischemic disrupted axonal flow and oligodendrocyte pathology, respectively. Oxidative damage was assessed by 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) immunohistochemistry. Relative to controls, melatonin-treated animals not only had a significantly reduced volume of gray matter infarction by 42% (P<0.001), but also exhibited a decreased score of axonal damage by 42% (P<0.001) and a reduction in the volume of oligodendrocyte pathology by 58% (P<0.005). Melatonin-treated animals also had significantly reduced immunopositive reactions for 8-OHdG and 4-HNE by 53% (P<0.001) and 49% (P<0.001), respectively. In addition, melatonin improved sensory and motor neurobehavioral outcomes by 47 and 30%, respectively (P<0.01). Thus, delayed (1 hr) treatment with melatonin reduced both gray and white matter damage and improved neurobehavioral outcomes following transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. The finding of reduced oxidative damage observed with melatonin suggests that its major mechanisms of action are mediated through its antioxidant and radical scavenging activity.
Direct migration of scientific computing experiments to the cloud (2013)

Scientific computing applications usually need huge amounts of computational power. The cloud provides interesting high-performance computing solutions, with its promise of virtually infinite resources. However, migrating scientific computing problems to clouds and the re-creation of a software environment on the vendor-supplied OS and cloud instances is often a laborious task. It is also assumed that the scientist who is performing the experiments has significant knowledge of computer science, cloud computing and the migration procedure. Most often, this is not the case. Considering this obstacle, we have designed a tool that helps scientists to migrate their applications to the cloud. The idea is to migrate the complete software environment, in which the scientists have set up their experiments, directly to the cloud. The developed desktop-to-cloud-migration (D2CM) tool supports transformation and migration of virtual machine images, deployment description and life-cycle management for applications to be hosted on Amazon's Elastic Cloud Computing (EC2) or compatible infrastructure such as Eucalyptus. The paper also presents an electrochemical case study which extensively used the tool in drawing domain specific results. From the analysis, it was observed that D2CM tool not only helps in the migration process and simplifying the work of the scientist, but also helps in optimizing the calculations, compute clusters and thus the costs for conducting scientific computing experiments on the cloud.
Molecular design of novel non-planar heteropolycyclic fluorophores with bulky substituents: convenient synthesis and solid-state fluorescence characterization (2006)

Novel indeno[1,2-b]benzo[4,5-e]pyran-11-one-type fluorophores exhibiting intense solid-state fluorescence were conveniently synthesized and the relation between their solid-state photophysical properties and the X-ray crystal structures were investigated, which demonstrates that non-planar structures with sterical hindered substituents prevent the fluorophores from forming short pi-pi contacts causing fluorescence quenching in the solid state.
Killing Processes or Killing Flash? Escaping from the Dilemma Using Lightweight, Compression-Aware Swap for Mobile Devices (2021)

Android apps become increasingly memory-demanding as software vendors add more and more new features to their apps. In the mean time, Android users often launch multiple apps and conveniently switch back and forth among the apps. Although running multiple apps imposes a high pressure on memory management, virtual-memory swap, an essential feature to improve the degree of multitasking, is disabled in fear of premature retirement of flash-based storage devices. Instead, Android employs a termination-based, process-level memory reclaiming method. We observed that process killing is, unfortunately, not effective in memory reclaiming and is highly negative to user experience. In this study, we advocate re-thinking using swap in Android for improved user experience with managed write stress on flash storage. Based on a series of empirical analyses of swap activities, we propose an enhanced page replacement policy and a page-compressing frontswap module. The proposed page replacement policy jointly considers page activeness and compressibility to boost the compression ratio of swap writes. A sampled-based method for page compressibility prediction is introduced so that decisions on page replacement can be made without compressing every page. We also design a frontswap module that strategically organizes compressed pages in the swap space for reducing the overhead of swap I/O operations. Experimental results showed that compared with process killing, our method improved the app launching time and energy consumption by 58% and 19%, respectively; compared with the original swap, our approach reduced the swap write stress by 65%.
High precision dynamic multi-interface profilometry with optical coherence tomography (2011)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has mostly been used for high-speed volume imaging but its profilometry potentials have not been fully exploited. This paper demonstrates high precision (as good as ~50 nm) multi-interface profilometry using a Fourier domain OCT system without special antivibration devices. The precision is up to 2 orders of magnitude better than the depth resolution of the OCT. Detailed analysis of the precision achieved for different surfaces is presented. The multi-interface profiles are obtained as a by-product of the tomography data. OCT has the advantage in speed and sensitivity at detecting rough and internal interfaces versus conventional optical profilometry. An application of the technique to the dynamic monitoring of varnish drying on paintlike substrates is demonstrated, which provides a better understanding of the formation of surface roughness. The technique has potential benefits in the fields of art conservation, coatings technology, and soft matter physics.
Calendar. (2003)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Wideband love wave filters operating in GHz range on Cu-grating/rotated-YX-LiNbO/sub 3/-substrate structure (2005)

The paper discusses the application of Love mode propagating on Cu-grating/rotated YX-LiNbO/sub 3/-substrate structure to the development of ultra-wideband and low-loss RF SAW filters. Theoretical analysis suggests that high performance resonators with very small capacitance ratio may be realised using Cu gratings of the thickness of several percent of wavelength. It was also suggested that, in particular, on a 15/spl deg/YX-LiNbO/sub 3/-substrate structure, the spurious response due to the Rayleigh mode could effectively be suppressed. IDT-type one-port SAW resonators and ladder-type SAW filters were fabricated on the Cu-grating/15/spl deg/YX-LiNbO/sub 3/-substrate structure, and their high performances are demonstrated by discussion.
Processing and Assembly of the Dystrophin Glycoprotein Complex (2006)

The assembly, processing and translocation of proteins occur constantly in all cells, and these processes also take place during the genesis, maintenance and repair of skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle fibers are composed of myofibrils and are surrounded by a muscle plasma membrane, the sarcolemma. The sarcolemma serves as a docking location for many proteins. These proteins are important for establishing the physical connection between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton and play a role in transmitting force related to muscle contraction. This physical connection is maintained through a myriad of proteins including the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC). Normal sarcolemmal function requires proper DGC synthesis and positioning, and perturbation of the DGC leads to muscle membrane instability and disease.
Grouping-Proof Protocol for RFID Tags: Security Definition and Scalable Construction (2009)

In [24] Raddum and Semaev propose a technique to solve systems of polynomial equations over F2 as occurring in algebraic attacks on block ciphers. This approach is known as MRHS, and we present a special purpose architecture to implement MRHS in a dedicated hardware device. Our preliminary performance analysis of this Parallel Elimination Technique Supporting Nice Algebraic Key Elimination shows that the use of ASICs seems to enable significant performance gains over a software implementation of MRHS. The main parts of the proposed architecture are scalable, the limiting factor being mainly the available bandwidth for interchip communication. Our focus is on a design choice that can be implemented within the limits of available fab technology. The proposed design can be expected to offer a running time improvement in the order of several magnitudes over a software implementation. We do not make any claims about the practical feasibility of an attack against AES-128 with our design, as we do not see the necessary theoretical tools to be available: deriving reliable running time estimates for an algebraic attack with MRHS when being applied to a full-round version of AES-128 is still an open problem.
Phase sweeping transmit diversity with fading resistant constellations (1998)

auteur qui protge cette thse.Ni la thse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci ne doivent tre imprims ou autrement reproduits sans son autorisation.
Application of microchip-capillary electrophoresis and pulsed electrochemical detection to the analysis of biologically relevant phenolic compounds. (2007)

In this report, the most recent results regarding the use of microchip-capillary electrophoresis and pulsed electrochemical detection are reviewed. This article is particularly focused on the analysis of three groups of compounds: phenolic contaminants, phenolic acids, and phenolic antioxidants. Background information and a brief discussion covering other related analytical strategies are also included.
Surfactant effect on the physicochemical characteristics of γ-oryanol-containing solid lipid nanoparticles A Physicochemical and engineering aspects (2016)

Surfactants employed in production of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) play a major role on physical stability of nanoparticles, and the extent of drug dissolution and permeability into cells. In this study, cationic (cetyl pyridinium chloride), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and non-ionic (Tween 80) surfactants, as well as its combinations, were employed to formulate compritol based SLNs using γ-oryzanol as a model drug. The physicochemical properties of drug-loaded SLNs are influenced by the surfactant composition systems. Surfactant blend systems gave SLNs with superior stability compared with single surfactant systems due to enhanced incorporation of the drug within the solid lipid matrix. This may be due to synergic effects arising from electrostatic repulsion of the surfactant charges (ionic), the steric hindrance of surfactant structure (non-ionic), and ion-pairing effects between cationic and anionic ones. The cytotoxicity results demonstrated that positively charged SLNs can be uptaken into cells to a high extent. Nevertheless, the mixed surfactant systems (cationic/non-ionic and cationic/anionic/non-ionic), have remarkable advantages providing SLNs with high cell internalization capability, however, low cytotoxicity. This systematic investigation may give an insight into the practical integration of multi-surfactant systems to achieve non-toxic and highly effective drug delivery systems.
Efficient Database Updates with Independent Schemes (1998)

The weak instance model is a framework for considering the relations in a database as a whole, regardless of the way attributes are grouped in the individual relations. Queries and updates can be performed for any set of attributes. The management of updates is based on a lattice structure on the set of legal states, and inconsistencies and ambiguities can arise. In the general case, the test for consistency and determinism may involve the whole database. In this paper it is shown how, for the highly significant class of independent schemes, updates can be handled efficiently, considering only the relevant portion of the database.
Sub-Nyquist Sampled Analog-to-Digital Conversion Based on Photonic Time Stretch and Compressive Sensing With Optical Random Mixing (2013)

An approach to realizing wideband analog-to-digital conversion based on the techniques of photonic time stretch (PTS) and compressive sensing (CS) is proposed. In the system, a multitone signal within a wide bandwidth (spectrally sparse) signal is slowed down in the time domain by a photonic time stretcher. The stretched signal is then down-sampled and reconstructed by a random-demodulator-based CS scheme, in which random mixing is realized in an optical domain. Thanks to the techniques of PTS and CS, wideband spectrally sparse signals can be acquired with a sampling rate far below the Nyquist rate of the original signal. The optical random mixing applied in the system has the advantages of lower distortions and larger bandwidth compared to its electrical counterpart. In order to construct a Gaussian measurement matrix with zero mean, balanced detection is applied after the optical mixer. In addition, in order to eliminate the dc component and the even-order harmonics of the stretched signal, we propose to use balanced PTS technique in the system. We demonstrate that a system with a time stretch factor 20 and a compression factor 4 can effectively acquire a spectrally sparse wideband signal, which means a sampling rate as low as 1/80 of the Nyquist rate.
New Technique for Liver Resection Using Heat Coagulative Necrosis (2002)

Segmental and wedge liver resection assisted by radiofrequency is safe. This novel technique offers a new method for transfusion-free resection.