gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Experiments with particle damping</title> (1998)

High cycle fatigue in jet engines is a current military concern. The vibratory stresses that cause fatigue can be reduced by adding damping. However, the high temperatures that occur in the gas turbine greatly hinder the application of mature damping technologies. One technology which may perform in the harsh environment is particle damping. Particle damping involves placing metallic or ceramic particles inside structural cavities. As the cavity vibrates, energy is dissipated through particle collisions. Performance is influenced by many parameters including the type, shape, and size of the particles; the amount of free volume for the particles to move in; density of the particles; and the level of vibration. This paper presents results from a series of experiments designed to gain an appreciation of the important parameters. The experimental setup consists of a cantilever beam with drilled holes. These holes are partially filled with particles. The types of particles, location of the particles, fill level, and other parameters are varied. Damping is estimated for each configuration. Trends in the results are studied to determine the influence of the varied parameter.
Adenovirus E1A coding sequences that enable ras and pmt oncogenes to transform cultured primary cells. (1986)

Plasmids expressing partial adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) coding sequences were tested for activities which facilitate in vitro establishment (immortalization) of primary baby rat kidney cells and which enable the T24 Harvey ras-related oncogene and the polyomavirus middle T antigen (pmt) gene to transform primary baby rat kidney cells. E1A cDNAs expressing the 289- and 243-amino acid proteins expressed both E1A transforming functions. Mutant hrA, which encodes a 140-amino acid protein derived from the amino-terminal domain shared by the 289- and 243-amino acid proteins, enabled ras (but not pmt) to transform and facilitated in vitro establishment to a low, but detectable, extent. These studies suggest that E1A functions which collaborate with ras oncogenes and those which facilitate establishment are linked. Furthermore, E1A transforming functions are not associated with activities of the 289-amino acid E1A proteins required for efficient transcriptional activation of viral early region promoters.
Variable‐Color Light‐Emitting Diodes Using GaN Microdonut arrays (2014)

Microdonut-shaped GaN/Inx Ga1-x N light-emitting diode (LED) microarrays are fabricated for variable-color emitters. The figure shows clearly donut-shaped light emission from all the individual microdonut LEDs. Furthermore, microdonut LEDs exhibit spatially-resolved blue and green EL colors, which can be tuned by either controlling the external bias voltage or changing the size of the microdonut LED.
An efficient frame-based scheduling algorithm: credit round robin (2004)

An efficient frame-based scheduling algorithm called credit round robin is proposed. Performance analysis of credit round robin shows that it provides a finer granularity bandwidth with lower latency and better fairness compared to deficit round robin (Shreedhar, M. and Varghese, G., IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking, vol.6, no.5, p.611-24, 1998). with the same complexity. The major difference between deficit round robin and credit round robin is the frame size. The frame size of deficit round robin is a fixed value and precalculated in advance using the granularity of the worst case packet length and the reserved rate for all sessions. However, the frame size of credit round robin is variable and calculated using the head of line (HOL) packet length of a servicing session at the current time and its reserved rate. Since the packet length of the real-time traffic is not always of the maximum length, the frame size of the credit round robin is usually smaller than that of the deficit round robin. As a result, the performance of credit round robin is superior to deficit round robin.
Collaborative effects of electric field and fluid shear stress on fibroblast migration (2013)

Cells are inherently exposed to a number of different biophysical stimuli such as electric fields, shear stress, and tensile or compressive stress from the extracellular environment in vivo. Each of these biophysical cues can work simultaneously or independently to regulate cellular functions and tissue integrity in both physiological and pathological conditions. Thus, it is vital to understand the interaction of multiple stimuli on cells by decoupling and coupling the stimuli in simple combinations and by investigating cellular behaviors in response to these cues. Here, we report a novel microfluidic platform to apply the combinatorial stimulation of an electric field and fluid shear stress by controlling two directional cues independently. An integrated microfluidic platform was developed using soft lithography to monitor the cellular migration in real-time in response to an electric field and fluid shear stress in single, simultaneous, and sequential modes. When each of these stimulations is applied separately, normal human dermal fibroblasts migrate toward the anode and in the direction of fluid flow in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneous stimulation with an electric field and shear stress, which mimics a wound in vivo, enhances the directional migration of fibroblasts by increasing both directedness and trajectory speed, suggesting the plausible scenario of cooperation between two physical cues to promote wound healing. When an electric field and shear stress are applied sequentially, migration behavior is affected by the applied stimulation as well as pre-existing stimulating conditions. This microfluidic platform can be utilized to understand other microenvironments such as embryogenesis, angiogenesis and tumor metastasis.
The Hetero Diels−Alder Reactions between <scp>d</scp>-Mannose-Derived Halonitroso Compounds and Cyclopentadiene:  Scope and Limitations (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTThe Hetero Diels−Alder Reactions between d-Mannose-Derived Halonitroso Compounds and Cyclopentadiene: Scope and LimitationsDeyi Zhang, Carsten Süling, and Marvin J. MillerView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 3, 885–888Publication Date (Web):January 22, 1998Publication History Received11 September 1997Published online22 January 1998Published inissue 1 February 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo971696qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo971696qbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1083Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Aromatic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Nucleic acids,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Tropospheric temperature variations adjusted for El Niño, 1958–1998 (2000)

The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is not an extrinsic forcing mechanism on the atmosphere, so its impact thereon cannot be cleanly removed. Nevertheless, it is of interest to estimate what atmospheric temperatures would have been if ENSO had not been operating. This is done here by using a 63‐station global radiosonde network to find the relation, for the period 1958–1998, between sea‐surface temperature (SST) in the El Niño region of the eastern equatorial Pacific (Nino3 SST) and tropospheric (850–300 mbar) temperature. Seasonal lag correlations for the 41‐year interval show maximum (and significant) correlations of 0.67, 0.57, and 0.34 between Nino3 SST and the 850 to 300‐mbar temperature in tropics, globe, and north temperate zone, respectively, two seasons later. Accordingly, the annual 850 to 300‐mbar temperatures for those regions are adjusted (effect of Nino3 SST on them minimized) by means of the linear least squares relation between the annual values of 850 to 300‐mbar temperature and annual values of Nino3 SST shifted two seasons earlier, omitting the years 1964, 1983, and 1992 following Agung, El Chichon, and Pinatubo eruptions, as well as the anomalously warm year of 1998. In 1998 the global 850 to 300‐mbar temperature is a record 0.7 K above the 1961–1990 average but, after adjustment in the above manner for the strong 1997–1998 El Niño, only 0.2 K above this average and the twelfth warmest year of record. During 1958–1998 the global 850 to 300‐mbar layer warms by 0.10 K/decade, but after adjustment for ENSO events the warming is 0.07 K/decade, so that about one third of the global tropospheric warming is related to ENSO. The adjustment provides a different perspective on the significance of anomalously warm years, as well as warming trends, to the issue of climate change.
Deposition and Stripping Properties of Mercury on Iridium Electrodes (1986)

The reduction of mercury on a fresh iridium surface is reversible with a half‐wave potential of +162 mV (vs. SCE). A Hg(O) monolayer is formed by underpotential deposition (UPD) at +600 mV during the initial scans of a repetitive cyclic voltammogram. This monolayer acts as bulk Hg(O) during further cycles, and the reduction half‐wave potential then shifts towards +410 mV. Anodization of the electrode at a potential > +1000 mV returns the reduction wave to its original position. The peak for the oxidation of bulk Hg(O) from the surface occurs at +430 mV followed by a peak for the underpotential stripping (UPS) of the Hg(O) monolayer at +650 mV. The quantity of Hg(O) for the monolayer corresponds to a 40% coverage of the Ir surface. The underpotential shift for the bulk and monolayer stripping of Hg(O) from Ir was found to be 210 mV. No indications of a Hg‐soluble compound formation between Hg and Ir were found.
A Chimeric HS4-SAR Insulator (IS2) That Prevents Silencing and Enhances Expression of Lentiviral Vectors in Pluripotent Stem Cells (2014)

Chromatin insulators, such as the chicken β-globin locus control region hypersensitive site 4 (HS4), and scaffold/matrix attachment regions (SARs/MARs) have been incorporated separately or in combination into retroviral vectors (RVs) in order to increase transgene expression levels, avoid silencing and reduce expression variability. However, their incorporation into RVs either produces a reduction on titer and/or expression levels or do not have sufficient effect on stem cells. In order to develop an improved insulator we decided to combine SAR elements with HS4 insulators. We designed several synthetic shorter SAR elements containing 4 or 5 MAR/SARs recognition signatures (MRS) and studied their effects on a lentiviral vector (LV) expressing eGFP through the SFFV promoter (SE). A 388 bp SAR element containing 5 MRS, named SAR2, was as efficient or superior to the other SARs analyzed. SAR2 enhanced transgene expression and reduced silencing and variability on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We next compared the effect of different HS4-based insulators, the HS4-Core (250 bp), the HS4-Ext (400 bp) and the HS4-650 (650 bp). All HS4 elements reduced silencing and expression variability but they also had a negative effect on transgene expression levels and titer. In general, the HS4-650 element had a better overall effect. Based on these data we developed a chimeric insulator, IS2, combining the SAR2 and the HS4-650. When incorporated into the 3' LTR of the SE LV, the IS2 element was able to enhance expression, avoid silencing and reduce variability of expression on hESCs. Importantly, these effects were maintained after differentiation of the transduced hESCs toward the hematopoietic linage. Neither the HS4-650 nor the SAR2 elements had these effects. The IS2 element is therefore a novel insulator that confers expression stability and enhances expression of LVs on stem cells.
A Bit Error Rate Monitor for Digital PSK Links (1975)

This study is concerned with the problem of monitoring the performance of communication links, as indicated by bit error rate, with the objective of detecting as rapidly as possible failures or extreme degradation caused by any source. The monitoring method is based on the use of an artificial threshold for the decision variable and the generation of a measurable "pseudoerror." The study relates pseudoerror probability to true-error probability for two models-one using an analytical-numerical approach and the other using a Monte Carlo simulation. Variation of the parameters in the models adequately approximates the first-order effects of many types of link failure. The results indicate that a monitor indication based on pseudoerror is feasible and has many desirable properties.
Platelet Rich Plasma for Treating Chronic Tendinopathy (2016)

peer reviewed
Cyclic AMP and Acyl Homoserine Lactones Increase the Cultivation Efficiency of Heterotrophic Bacteria from the Central Baltic Sea (2002)

The effect of signal molecules on the cultivation efficiency of bacteria from the Gotland Deep in the central Baltic Sea was investigated. Numbers of cultivated cells were determined by the most-probable-number (MPN) technique. Artificial brackish water supplemented with different carbon substrates at low concentrations (200 microM each) was employed as the growth medium. Compared to the results of previous studies, this approach yielded significantly higher cultivation efficiencies (up to 11% in fluid media). A further and pronounced increase in cultivation success was accomplished by the addition of cyclic AMP (cAMP), N-butyryl homoserine lactone, or N-oxohexanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone at a low concentration of 10 microM. The most effective inducer was cAMP, which led to cultivation efficiencies of up to 100% of total bacterial counts. From the highest positive dilutions of these latter MPN series, several strains were isolated in pure culture and one strain (G100) was used to study the physiological effect of cAMP. Dot blot hybridization revealed, however, that strain G100 represented only a small fraction of the total bacterial community. This points towards an inherent limitation of the MPN approach, which does not necessarily recover abundant species from highly diverse communities. Bacterial cells of strain G100 that were starved for 6 weeks attained a higher growth rate and a higher biomass yield when resuscitated in the presence of cAMP instead of AMP.
Functional Network Development During the First Year: Relative Sequence and Socioeconomic Correlations (2014)

The first postnatal year is characterized by the most dramatic functional network development of the human lifespan. Yet, the relative sequence of the maturation of different networks and the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on their development during this critical period remains poorly characterized. Leveraging a large, normally developing infant sample with multiple longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans during the first year (N = 65, scanned every 3 months), we aimed to delineate the relative maturation sequence of 9 key brain functional networks and examine their SES correlations. Our results revealed a maturation sequence from primary sensorimotor/auditory to visual to attention/default-mode, and finally to executive control networks. Network-specific critical growth periods were also identified. Finally, marginally significant positive SES-brain correlations were observed at 6 months of age for both the sensorimotor and default-mode networks, indicating interesting SES effects on functional brain maturation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study delineating detailed longitudinal growth trajectories of all major functional networks during the first year of life and their SES correlations. Insights from this study not only improve our understanding of early brain development, but may also inform the critical periods for SES expression during infancy.
Evidence-Based Pediatrics (2001)

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Modification of the Overlap Extension Method for Extensive Mutagenesis on the Same Template (2003)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful and efficient method allowing enzymatic amplification of small quantities of DNA. This technology has also been widely used as a quick and efficient alternative for introducing mutations into specific DNA sequences. Various general methods for site-directed mutagenesis using the PCR have been described recently (, , , , ). In the overlap extension method two pairs of primers are used to generate two DNA fragments with overlapping ends containing the desired mutation. These two DNA products are combined and subsequently annealed. Finally, the resulting hybrids are amplified by PCR to generate homogeneous products containing the mutation. This method has proved to be simpler, faster, and much more efficient than traditional methods for site-directed mutagenesis (). However, because synthesis of two complementary primers is required for each mutation, the overlap extension is not the method of choice for extensive mutagenesis of a target sequence.
An adaptive algorithm for linear/nonlinear distortion cancellation in digital communication systems (1990)

The authors describe an adaptive distortion cancellation algorithm which can be used in the receiver of a digital communications system to cancel intersymbol interference without increasing the noise level already present in the received signal. The algorithm uses tentative decisions to form noiseless ISI estimates, but is substantially different in its decision-making strategy and more resilient with respect to tentative decision errors. The proposed algorithm is generic and can be used with a variety of canceler architectures in mitigating ISI caused by arbitrary combinations of linear and nonlinear system impairments. Computer-simulation results illustrating the performance capabilities of the algorithm subject to a severely distorted channel are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Anisotropic fully dense MnBi permanent magnet with high energy product and high coercivity at elevated temperatures (2013)

The structural and magnetic properties of a fully dense anisotropic MnBi magnet prepared by hot compaction are investigated. Arc-melting and low energy ball milling are employed to synthesize highly anisotropic MnBi powders with very high remanence ratio (Mr/Ms) of 0.97, coercivity (Hc) of 11.7 kOe and maximum energy product [(BH)max] of 9 MG Oe. The bulk magnet fabricated from these powders displays anisotropic characteristics with high Mr/Ms ratio of 0.91 and a (BH)max of 5.8 MG Oe at room temperature. The Hc of bulk magnet increases linearly from 6.5 kOe at 300 K to 28.3 kOe at 530 K with a (BH)max of 3.6 MG Oe at 530 K. Analysis of the temperature dependence of Hc suggests the nucleation of reversed domains as the dominant mechanism for the magnetization reversal.
Contrasting Effects of Selective T- and L-Type Calcium Channel Blockade on Glomerular Damage in DOCA Hypertensive Rats (1999)

Mibefradil and amlodipine are calcium antagonists with different channel selectivities. Mibefradil blocks both L- and T-type calcium channels; although in the usual pharmacological doses, it predominantly blocks the T-type channels. In contrast, amlodipine selectively blocks L-type channels. The goal of the present study was to assess whether this differential selectivity would result in different effects on end-organ damage in experimental hypertension. For this purpose, deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats were treated either with equipotent doses of mibefradil or amlodipine (30 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) as food admix). Despite the fact that both drugs decreased systolic arterial pressure to the same extent (140+/-5 mm Hg in the mibefradil group and 144+/-3 mm Hg in the amlodipine group versus 225+/-5 mm Hg in the untreated-DOCA group), only mibefradil decreased proteinuria (35. 5+/-6.5 versus 103.3+/-14.1 mg/24 h in untreated DOCA-salt animals) and prevented glomerular lesions. Both drugs, however, prevented the occurrence of vascular renal lesions. To elucidate the mechanism responsible for this difference, we evaluated in an additional series of experiments the effects of mibefradil and amlodipine on plasma and renal renin concentrations, as well as the effects of the addition of enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, given on top of both drugs on proteinuria. Amlodipine, in contrast to mibefradil, markedly stimulated the plasma (17.8+/-2.6 ng Ang I. mL(-1). h(-1) in the amlodipine group versus 3.9+/-0.4 ng Ang I. mL(-1). h(-1) in the mibefradil group and 3.2+/-0.3 ng Ang I. mL(-1). h(-1) in the untreated-DOCA group) and renal (2.42+/-0.37 ng Ang I. mL(-1). h(-1) in the amlodipine group versus 0.36+/-0.04 ng Ang I. mL(-1). h(-1) in the mibefradil group and 0.26+/-0.08 ng Ang I. mL(-1). h(-1) in the untreated-DOCA group) renin concentrations. Stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system could explain the absence of a renal protective effect of amlodipine. This was also suggested by the fact that enalapril given in addition to amlodipine could decrease proteinuria. In conclusion, T-type channel blockade by mibefradil decreases blood pressure without stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system and therefore prevents most of the glomerular damage in DOCA hypertensive rats.
Rod and cone specific domains in the interphotoreceptor matrix (1991)

The insoluble matrix domain of the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) from normal dog, cat, and mouse retinae were characterized using lectin cytochemistry. The lectins WGA (wheat germ agglutinin) and PNA (peanut agglutinin) were used to label interphotoreceptor matrix microdomains in cryosections of retinal tissue and in extracted insoluble matrix. Retinal cryosections and extracted matrix were examined by epifluorescence microscopy and scanning confocal laser microscopy, the latter allowed for the removal of all background fluorescence and gave increased resolution. The insoluble matrix was extracted as a continuous sheet that was comprised of two photoreceptor-specific matrix domains distinguished both by the size of the domains, and by differential binding of WGA and PNA lectins. Each domain encloses a photoreceptor inner and outer segment. Individual rod-associated domains were connected into a hexagonal lattice and this pattern was regularly interrupted by the larger cone-associated domains which have 8-10 surrounding rod domains. The PNA lectin primarily labeled the cone-associated matrix with faint binding to the rod matrix; the WGA lectin labeled both the rod- and cone-associated matrix.