gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of processing conditions and packaging material on the quality attributes of dry‐roasted peanuts (2002)

Abstract Five different processing conditions of raw shelled unblanched peanuts were investigated. The first two treatments involved soaking the peanuts in tap water for 10 and 30 min respectively, then mixing thoroughly with dry NaCl before roasting. Another two treatments involved soaking the peanuts in saturated brine solution for 10 and 30 min respectively before roasting. Unsalted roasted peanuts served as the control. Packaging and storage studies were carried out by packaging the differently treated dry‐roasted peanuts in four different packaging materials and storing them under three different relative humidities for 3 months at ambient temperature. Proximate composition, NaCl content, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid value were determined and sensory evaluation tests were carried out. Salting was found to improve the taste, flavour and overall acceptability of dry‐roasted peanuts but had no effect on shelf‐life. Peanuts treated in saturated brine solution for 30 min before roasting were the most preferred. The control packaging material, 18 µm transparent polyethylene, was found to be inadequate for protecting the quality attributes of dry‐roasted peanuts, with mould growth being observed on the 42nd day of storage at 80% relative humidity. However, acceptable results were obtained with 45 µm transparent polypropylene. The mean sensory scores and objective tests were found to be negatively correlated. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
A fall detection and near-fall data collection system (2008)

The FANFARE project has developed a system to fulfill the need for a wearable device to collect data for fall analysis. The system consists of a computer and a wireless sensor network to measure, display and store fall related parameters such as postural activities and heart rate variability. Ease of use and low power were considered in the design. The system was built and successfully tested. Medical community now has the tool to collect and analyze fall related data for the purpose of detection and prevention of unintentional falls.
Fischer-Tropsch Fuels from Coal and Biomass (2008)

Acknowledgments The work described here was supported by Princeton University’s Carbon Mitigation Initiative and its sponsors (BP and the Ford Motor Company), Princeton University’s Next Generation Aircraft Fuels Program, sponsored by NetJets Inc., and The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Also, results were derived in part from work funded by the National Academy of Sciences, with support from the National Academy of Engineering, National Research Council, the U.S. Department of Energy, General Motors, Intel Corporation, Kavli Foundation, and the Keck Foundation.
Acute renal cortical necrosis. Variable course and changing prognosis. (1973)

Three cases of acute bilateral renal cortical necrosis, each with a different clinical course, are discussed. One patient spontaneously recovered renal function after prolonged oliguria. This case should be added to the small number of similar case reports in the literature. The second patient recovered adequate renal function temporarily, but eventually required chronic hemodialysis and renal transplantation. There was pathological evidence of progression from focal to massive cortical necrosis. The third patient never regained renal function, but is well after dialysis and transplantation. The influence of modern theories of pathogenesis of the disease, and increased availability of dialysis, are discussed in relation to the initial prognostic assessment of the patient with cortical necrosis.
Planar, contact, yoke GMR head vs. conventional, flying, shielded GMR head: a comparative study (1998)

A comparative study was conducted between planar, contact, yoke GMR (Giant Magneto-resistive) heads and conventional, flying, shielded GMR heads by modeling. Magnetic flux efficiencies to the GMR element of the various planar yoke GMR heads were estimated using the reluctance network method and FEM(Finite Element Method). Results showed that it would be necessary to separate the reading magnetic circuit from the writing magnetic circuit in order to obtain higher efficiencies which could be up to 37%, 5 and 10 Gbits/in/sup 2/ recording simulation shows that the shielded GMR are expected to be superior to the yoke GMR even at 10 Gbits/in/sup 2/ but yoke GMR will start to show its advantages in the higher capability of writing and ease of processing at higher densities.
Sensitivity to MPTP is not increased in Parkinson's disease‐associated mutant α‐synuclein transgenic mice (2001)

Environmental and genetic factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease are discussed. Mutations in the alpha-synuclein (alphaSYN ) gene are associated with rare cases of autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease. We have analysed the dopaminergic system in transgenic mouse lines that expressed mutant [A30P]alphaSYN under the control of a neurone-specific Thy-1 or a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoter. The latter mice showed somal and neuritic accumulation of transgenic [A30P]alphaSYN in TH-positive neurones in the substantia nigra. However, there was no difference in the number of TH-positive neurones in the substantia nigra and the concentrations of catecholamines in the striatum between these transgenic mice and non-transgenic littermates. To investigate whether forced expression of [A30P]alphaSYN increased the sensitivity to putative environmental factors we subjected transgenic mice to a chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) regimen. The MPTP-induced decrease in the number of TH-positive neurones in the substantia nigra and the concentrations of catecholamines in the striatum did not differ in any of the [A30P]alphaSYN transgenic mouse lines compared with wild-type controls. These results suggest that mutations and forced expression of alphaSYN are not likely to increase the susceptibility to environmental toxins in vivo.
Receptor-mediated vectorial transcytosis of epidermal growth factor by Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. (1987)

Transcellular transport of a variety of ligands may be an important mechanism by which regulatory substances reach their site of action. We have studied the transcellular transport of two 6,000-mol-wt proteins, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin, across polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells grown on dual-sided chambers on a nitrocellulose filter substrate. When grown on these chambers, MDCK cells are polarized and express distinct basal and apical surfaces. MDCK cells are capable of unidirectional transport of EGF from the basal-to-apical direction, 50% of bound EGF transported in 2 h. Transport was inhibited by the addition of unlabeled EGF in a dose-dependent manner. Anti-EGF receptor Ab, which inhibited binding, also inhibited transport. No transport in the apical-to-basal direction is noted. Insulin transport is not observed in either direction. Transport correlates with the presence of ligand-specific receptors on the cell surface. Hence, EGF receptors (Ro = 48,000, Kd = 3.5 X 10(-10) M) are found only on the basal surface of the MDCK cells and neither surface expresses insulin receptors. Characterization of the EGF receptors on MDCK cells, as assessed by affinity, molecular mass, and anti-receptor antibody binding reveals that this receptor has similar characteristics to EGF receptors previously described on a variety of cells. Hence, the EGF receptor can function as a transporter of EGF across an epithelial cell barrier.
Type I Interferons Interfere with the Capacity of mRNA Lipoplex Vaccines to Elicit Cytolytic T Cell Responses (2016)

Given their high potential to evoke cytolytic T cell responses, tumor antigen-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are now being intensively explored as therapeutic cancer vaccines. mRNA vaccines clearly benefit from wrapping the mRNA into nano-sized carriers such as lipoplexes that protect the mRNA from degradation and increase its uptake by dendritic cells in vivo. Nevertheless, the early innate host factors that regulate the induction of cytolytic T cells to mRNA lipoplex vaccines have remained unresolved. Here, we demonstrate that mRNA lipoplexes induce a potent type I interferon (IFN) response upon subcutaneous, intradermal and intranodal injection. Regardless of the route of immunization applied, these type I IFNs interfered with the generation of potent cytolytic T cell responses. Most importantly, blocking type I IFN signaling at the site of immunization through the use of an IFNAR blocking antibody greatly enhanced the prophylactic and therapeutic antitumor efficacy of mRNA lipoplexes in the highly aggressive B16 melanoma model. As type I IFN induction appears to be inherent to the mRNA itself rather than to unique properties of the mRNA lipoplex formulation, preventing type I IFN induction and/or IFNAR signaling at the site of immunization might constitute a widely applicable strategy to improve the potency of mRNA vaccination.
GaAs avalanche photodiodes and the effect of rapid thermal annealing on crystalline quality of GaAs grown on Si by molecular-beam epitaxy (1987)

Photoluminescence, Rutherford backscattering/channeling, x-ray double crystal rocking curves, and minority carrier lifetime suggest that structural and optical properties of GaAs grown on Si by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) improve greatly as a result of postgrowth rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Transmission electron microscopy, in contrast, shows no significant reduction in defect density (∼108 cm−2) after RTA although the defect configuration is affected. Dislocations tend to organize better and combine each other after RTA. The minority carrier (electron) lifetime was found to improve from 2 to 2.7 ns as a result of RTA in p+GaAs(p&gt;1018 cm−3). Annealing at a temperature as low as 750 °C and of a layer as thin as 0.1 μm also produces a significant improvement in photoluminescence (PL) intensity. It is suggested that in situ RTA after a short growth (∼0.1 μm) followed by the growth of the rest of the structure may result in substantial improvement in material quality. To assess the uniformity of the as-grown GaAs on Si and the presence of electrically active defects, avalanche photodiodes (APD’s) were made and tested for spatial uniformity of photoresponse with the help of a flying spot microscope. In devices with thin buffer layer (1.5 μm) microplasma were found to be formed at high reverse field. However, in devices with a thick buffer layer (3 μm) no spatial variation of avalanche gain over the whole device area or formation of microplasmas was detected at the highest reverse field applied. The avalanche gain in APD’s was rather low (∼7) and was limited by the excessive leakage current. The I–V characteristics and the device yield were found to improve significantly on a wafer which was rapidly thermal annealed prior to processing.
Optimizing a FIFO, scalable spin lock using consistent memory (2002)

The paper presents a FIFO queue based, scalable spin lock (FSSL) that: (1) uses only one atomic swap operation; (2) is scalable as it requires a constant amount of communication; (3) runs without a coherent cache support; and (4) provides a timing guarantee suitable for real time applications. The algorithm is optimal in the number of atomic operations required to solve the scalable mutual exclusion problem in NUMA architectures, improving on T. Craig's (1993) spin lock that uses four atomic swap operations. The FSSL algorithm minimizes the number of atomic operations by replacing them with non atomic read and write operations, and takes good advantage of recent multiprocessors where non atomic memory operations are much more optimized than atomic operations. The algorithm runs correctly in various weakly consistent memories, providing a potentially significant speedup over algorithms with more atomic operations.
Integrated planar optical imaging system with high interconnection density (1993)

An integrated imaging system is demonstrated with 32 × 32 channels in an area of 1.6 mm × 1.6 mm. All optical components are implemented as diffractive optical elements and monolithically integrated on a quartz-glass substrate of 50-mm diameter and 6-mm thickness. Very low optical cross talk was measured among the channels (cross-talk suppression >200:1). The design of the optical system is described, and experimental results are shown. A discussion on the limits of the space–bandwidth product is presented.
Through-glass interposer integrated high quality RF components (2014)

High quality and compact RF devices, using the half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) architecture loaded with a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), are implemented on a glass interposer layer, which therefore serves as an interconnection layer and as a host medium for integrated passive RF components. Compared with the silicon interposer approach, which suffers from large electrical conductivity and therefore substrate loss, the glass interposer has advantages of low substrate loss, allowing high quality interconnection and passive circuits, and low material and manufacturing costs. Corning fusion glass is selected as the substrate to realize the compact CSRR-loaded HMSIW resonators and bandpass filters (BPFs) working under the principle of evanescent wave amplification. Two and three pole bandpass filters are designed for broadband operation at 5.8 GHz. Thru glass vias (TGVs) are used to define the side-wall of the substrate integrated waveguiding structure. Surface micromachining techniques are used to fabricate the proposed devices. The variations of the external quality factor (Qe) of the resonator and the internal coupling coefficient (M) of the coupled resonators are studied for filter design. Operation of the filters at 5.8 GHz with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of more than 10% for an in-band return loss of better than 20 dB and an low insertion loss of less than 1.35 dB has been obtained, which is not feasible with a usual Si interposer approach. Measurement results are presented from 2 to 10 GHz and show good agreement with simulated ones.
HIPERVITAMINOSE A EXPERIMENTAL NO RATO. XI. ESTUDO ESTEREOLÓGICO DAS ALTERAÇÕES CARDÍACAS, DURANTE A LACTAÇÃO, DE RATOS CUJAS MÃES FORAM TRATADAS COM VITAMINA A (1989)

A hipervitaminose A induz às seguintes alterações no ventrículo de ratos durante a lactação, cujas mães foram tratadas com vitamina A: fibras musculares ventriculares desorganizadas com diâmetro menor e volumes nucleares diminuídos, perda de estrias transversais, figuras de mitose em menor número e fibra intersticial. Estes dados foram confirmados com técnicas estereológicas adequadas.
Receptor-Ligand Requirements for Increased NK Cell Polyfunctional Potential in Slow Progressors Infected with HIV-1 Coexpressing KIR3DL1*h/*y and HLA-B*57 (2011)

Carriage of the natural killer (NK) receptor genotype KIR3DL1*h/*y with its HLA-B*57 ligand (*h/*y+B*57) is associated with slow time to AIDS and low viral load (VL). To provide a functional basis for these epidemiological observations, we assessed whether HIV-1-infected slow progressors (SP) carrying the *h/*y+B*57 compound genotype would have increased NK cell polyfunctional potential in comparison to SP with other killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/HLA compound genotypes and whether this enhanced polyfunctionality was dependent upon the coexpression of both KIR3DL1*h/*y and HLA-B*57. The functional potential of NK cells was investigated by stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells with HLA-devoid targets or single HLA transfectants. Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to detect NK cells with seven functional profiles representing all permutations of CD107a expression and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) secretion. NK cells from individuals carrying KIR3DL1 receptor-HLA-Bw4 ligand pairs had greater trifunctional responses than those from KIR3DL1 homozygotes (hmz), who were Bw6 homozygotes. NK cells from subjects carrying the *h/*y+B*57 genotypes exhibited the highest trifunctional potential, and this was dependent on cocarriage of the NK receptor and its ligand. Trifunctional cells secreted more of each function tested on a per-cell basis than each corresponding monofunctional NK subset. Although VL influenced NK functionality, individuals with defined KIR/HLA genotypes exhibited differences in NK cell polyfunctionality that could not be accounted for by VL alone. The protective effect of HLA-B*57 on slow progression to AIDS and low VL may be mediated through its interaction with KIR3DL1 alleles to educate NK cells for potent activity upon stimulation.
The role of L-arginine in hypertension and nephrotoxicity (1998)

The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway appears to play an important role in systemic hypertension, progressive renal disease, nephrotoxicity (lead poisoning), inflammation and atherosclerosis. Interactions of nitric oxide with other systems (renin-angiotensin, endothelins, eicosanoids, cytokines and other regulators of inflammation) have been described. These interactions may be important in disease states.
Temperature compensated LiTaO/sub 3//sapphire bonded saw substrate with low loss and high coupling factor suitable for US-PCS application (2005)

A novel temperature-compensated SAW substrate was developed based on bonded LiTaO/sub 3//sapphire. Because of its small TEC (thermal expansion coefficient) and large Young's modulus, sapphire is an ideal material for a support substrate. The frequency and temperature characteristics of the bonded LiTaO/sub 3//sapphire SAW substrate and its application to a US-PCS duplexer are described.
Synergistic Anti-inflammatory Effect of Rosmarinic Acid and Luteolin in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells (2015)

본 연구에서는 들깨 유래 기능성 물질인 rosmarinic acid (RA)와 luteolin이 RAW264.7 세포에서 항염증작용에 대한 상승 효과가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 그 결과 RAW264.7 세포에 RA(<TEX>$50{\mu}M$</TEX>)와 luteolin (<TEX>$1{\mu}M$</TEX>)을 동시에 처리하였을 경우 염증 매개인자인 NO, iNOS, <TEX>$PGE_2$</TEX>, COX-2의 생성을 RA (<TEX>$100{\mu}M$</TEX>)와 luteolin (<TEX>$2{\mu}M$</TEX>)을 각각 처리하였을 때 보다 더 뛰어나게 억제하였다. 또한 RA (<TEX>$50{\mu}M$</TEX>)와 luteolin (<TEX>$1{\mu}M$</TEX>)을 동시에 처리하였을 경우 TNF-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>, IL-6, IL-<TEX>$1{\beta}$</TEX> 같은 염증성 사이토카인의 생성량을 RA (<TEX>$100{\mu}M$</TEX>)와 luteolin (<TEX>$2{\mu}M$</TEX>)을 각각 처리하였을 때 보다 더 뛰어나게 억제하는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 RA (<TEX>$50{\mu}M$</TEX>)와 luteolin (<TEX>$1{\mu}M$</TEX>)을 동시에 처리하였을 경우 RA (<TEX>$100{\mu}M$</TEX>)와 luteolin (<TEX>$2{\mu}M$</TEX>)을 각각 처리하였을 때 보다 NF-<TEX>${\kappa}B$</TEX>의 subunit인 p65의 translocation과 <TEX>$I{\kappa}B$</TEX>-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>의 degradation을 더 뛰어나게 억제하는 것을 볼 수 있어 두 화합물 간의 상승작용이 뚜렷함을 확인 할 수 있었고, RA와 luteolin 두 화합물을 동시에 처리할 경우 염증관련 질환 치료에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) and luteolin from perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) leaves in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. A combination of RA and luteolin more strongly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NOS (iNOS), prostaglandin <TEX>$E_2$</TEX> (<TEX>$PGE_2$</TEX>), and COX-2 than higher concentrations of RA or luteolin alone in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The combined RA and luteolin synergistically inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX> (TNF-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-<TEX>$1{\beta}$</TEX> (IL-<TEX>$1{\beta}$</TEX>), in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, combined RA and luteolin more strongly suppressed NF-<TEX>${\kappa}B$</TEX> activation than RA or luteolin alone, by inhibiting the degradation of inhibitor of NF-<TEX>${\kappa}B(I{\kappa}B)$</TEX>-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX> and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-<TEX>${\kappa}B$</TEX> in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Collectively, these results suggest that RA and luteolin in combination exhibit synergistic effects in suppression of LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages.
Experimental characterization of multi-hop communications in vehicular ad hoc network (2005)

This paper presents the performance measurement of TCP and UDP communication of a multi-hop Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) in highway and suburban areas. We use existing out-of-box IEEE 802.11b wireless cards on inter-vehicle communication between three cars. Also, we conduct experiments with three static nodes for baseline comparisons with the moving nodes. We then derive inferences in three major areas: (1) providing adjustable network parameters to manage network instabilities, (2) improving UDP efficiency by detecting out-of-touch receivers early, and (3) using speed, route, and distance to improve routing protocols.
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of plasma lipoprotein: technical problems and potential interest in cancer disease. (1996)

This paper reviews several methods presently available for analysing lipoprotein NMR spectra. Two main steps can be distinguished: NMR signal processing and data analysis. Time domain (wavelet transform) and frequency domain (curve fitting) signal processing methods are compared. Statistical methods of data analysis (Ascending Hierarchical Classification, Correspondence Analysis and Principal Component Analysis) have been tested on simulated NMR data of plasma lipoprotein with different numbers of sampling points and different noise levels. These few examples clearly attest that the NMR approach to complex "mixture" (such as body fluids) analysis is emerging from its infancy. New interest in plasma lipoprotein analysis in cancer biology is finally discussed in the light of previous clinical and experimental results and of understanding of lipid metabolism in cancer.
Bovine Retinal Pigment Epithelium Promotes Proliferation of Choroidal Endothelium In Vitro (1989)

The invasion of Bruch's membrane and subsequently the subpigment epithelium and subretinal spaces by proliferating choroidal capillaries is a prominent feature of age-related macular degeneration. The ability to isolate and propagate pure cultures of bovine choroidal microvascular endothelium, choroidal pericytes, turbinate fibroblasts, and bovine retinal pigment epithelium allowed us to identify a growth-promoting activity produced by the retinal pigment epithelium that stimulated the proliferation of these cells in vitro. This mitogenic activity is present in both retinal pigment epithelium-conditioned medium and retinal pigment epithelium extract and enhances the mitogenic activity of retinal-derived extract. The activity is resistant to extremes of temperature and pH but partially sensitive to trypsin inactivation.
Instrument for Observation of Magnetization Vector Position in Thin Magnetic Films (1962)

An instrument is described which relates magnetization vector position in a thin film to rf mixing behavior under a crossed-wire probe. The high sensitivity possible with tuned rf amplification permits nondestructive observation of small areas of the film and affords an angular resolution on the order of one-tenth degree. Accurate location of the film easy axis and direct indication of magnetization vector rotation under the influence of a static field are obtained.
VIMOS: a video mosaic for spatio-temporal representation of visual information (2002)

The capability of extracting critical information from a live video signal and presenting it to end-users in an easy-to-grasp form is essential in many application domains, including GIS, intelligence, surveillance, and manufacturing. We outline on the development of methods and algorithms that are necessary for real-time analysis of video data, both in compressed or uncompressed domains, the generation of visual icons that embody the characteristics of the objects of interest (say enemy craft, main actor, star player, etc.) and presentation of the panoramic spatio-temporal view of the entire scene in the form of video mosaics.