gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Cancellation of Frequency-Selective Cosite Interference (2002)

As the demand for higher throughput has increased the operating bandwidths of communications systems, the effectiveness of traditional interference cancellation techniques has been diminished.Next-generation wideband military radio communications hardware will necessitate development of novel algorithms and architectures to provide cancellation of frequency-selective cosite interference under strict complexity constraints.This thesis represents the culmination of preliminary research into the feasibility of such a canceller.For a given signal bandwidth, channel transfer function, and number of filter taps, one important metric is the best possible cancellation.Calculation of the optimal tap weights and corresponding cancellation for a given set of tap delays is straightforward.However, finding the optimal delay for each tap is a more difficult non-linear optimization problem which sometimes involves a problematic error surface.Brute force searches of the tap delay space were performed to lend insight into the nature of the solution.Two sub-optimal algorithms were investigated that trade performance with computational complexity: the Multiple Model (MM) method and an echo-cancellation technique called Scrub Taps Waiting in a Queue (STWQ).A comprehensive MATLAB program was developed to simulate these algorithms and to investigate other aspects of a digital canceller, including quantization effects and performance in time-varying channels.A number of these simulation results are presented and interpreted.Finally, the results of the simulation are analyzed and directions for future research presented.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: Effects on cortical excitability (2007)

The observed alterations of cortical excitability suggest that low frequency rTMS may evoke long-term-depression like effects resulting in an improvement of subcortical inhibitory function.
Opto-Thermophoretic Tweezers and Assembly (2018)

Opto-thermophoretic manipulation is an emerging field, which exploits the thermophoretic migration of particles and colloidal species under a light-controlled temperature gradient field. The entropically favorable photon-phonon conversion and widely applicable heat-directed migration make it promising for low-power manipulation of variable particles in different fluidic environments. By exploiting an optothermal substrate, versatile opto-thermophoretic manipulation of colloidal particles and biological objects can be achieved via optical heating. In this paper, we summarize the working principles, concepts, and applications of the recently developed opto-thermophoretic techniques. Opto-thermophoretic trapping, tweezing, assembly, and printing of colloidal particles and biological objects are discussed thoroughly. With their low-power operation, simple optics, and diverse functionalities, opto-thermophoretic manipulation techniques will offer great opportunities in materials science, nanomanufacturing, life sciences, colloidal science, and nanomedicine.
Two-Phase Boiling Flow in Microchannels: Instabilities Issues and Flow Regime Mapping (2003)

The design, fabrication, and evaluation of forced convection boiling two-phase flow, micro scale heat exchanger are described. The micro heat exchanger consist of a heater, and 16 mm long multiple parallel triangular micro channels, with hydraulic diameter ranging from 50 μm to 200 μm. The system allowed simultaneously visualizing the flow regime, to measure the resistor temperature distribution, the pressure drop, and input power levels. Experiments were conducted using water with mass flow rate of 1–10 g/min and heat fluxes ranging from 10–60 W/cm2 in order to better understand the flow mechanism associated with micro scale forced convection boiling two-phase flow. The pressure drop, temperature, fluctuation and flow regimes map were obtained. The results are consistent with newly reported studies and show that flow fluctuation at that scale is exaggerated with respect to conventional size channels. A unique flow regime was observed and was named “rapid bubble growth”.
Towards a visual programming environment for software development (2002)

Visual programming concerns the use of graphical tools and visual metaphors for software. While various visual programming tools have been proposed, their success is largely limited to specialised programming domains. There has been less success in more general programming applications. In this paper we review a subset of the family of visual programming environments and then argue that the potential of visual programming may be better realised within the functional style of programming. Functional programming paradigms offer a range of interesting advantages when extended into graphical/visual environments. The much simpler syntactical rules reduce the range of visual metaphors required to define and facilitate a general programming language and thus may provide some help towards the provision of more robust programming environments.
Electron-beam patterning of materials with nanometer resolution (1990)

It was first reported in 1978 that intense electron irradiation of thin films of NaCl leads to the formation of holes with a diameter of the order of the probe. Since that time the same phenomena has been observed in a variety of materials, typical examples being AlF 3 , MgO and Al 2 O 3 . Quantitative and qualitative descriptions of the damage have been given by a number of workers in an attempt to understand the underlying mechanisms. While groups of chemically or structurally similar materials often show the same general sequence of events in the hole formation process, it is a common observation that polymorphs or different preparation techniques result in very different behavior, Furthermore, examples of hole formation have been given which appear to show characteristics specific to that material system. In an effort to gain insight into the hole formation process we decided to concentrate on a set of observations which are reasonably common.
Preparation and Quality Control of Dilute Atropine Sulfate Eye-drops (2006)

OBJECTIVE: To establish the preparation process and method of quality control of dilute atropine sulfate eye-drops.METHODS: Mixing atropine sulfate with additives in water to prepare 0.04% atropine sulfate eye-drops.And determined the content of atropine sulfate by HPLC,the system consisted of C18 column and mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (55∶45).RESULTS: The product is colorless and clearing liquid.The linear range of atropine sulfate was 10～60μg/ml(r=0.9 999).The average recovery rate was100.2%(RSD=0.95%,n=9).CONCLUSION: The preparation process of dilute atropine sulfate eye-drops is simple and the method of quality control by HPLC is reliable.
Multilevel Techniques for the Clustering Problem (2014)

Data Mining is concerned with the discovery of interesting patterns and knowledge in data repositories. Cluster Analysis which belongs to the core methods of data mining is the process of discovering homogeneous groups called clusters. Given a data-set and some measure of similarity between data objects, the goal in most clustering algorithms is maximizing both the homogeneity within each cluster and the heterogeneity between different clusters. In this work, two multilevel algorithms for the clustering problem are introduced. The multilevel paradigm suggests looking at the clustering problem as a hierarchical optimization process going through different levels evolving from a coarse grain to fine grain strategy. The clustering problem is solved by first reducing the problem level by level to a coarser problem where an initial clustering is computed. The clustering of the coarser problem is mapped back level-bylevel to obtain a better clustering of the original problem by refining the intermediate different clustering obtained at various levels. A benchmark using a number of data sets collected from a variety of domains is used to compare the effectiveness of the hierarchical approach against its single-level counterpart.
Magnetic properties of chromium oxide and iron oxide films produced by pulsed laser deposition (2002)

Chromium oxide (CrOX) and iron oxide (FeOX) films have been grown onto various substrates using pulsed laser deposition. CrOX films grown onto Si and LaAlO3 substrates at 390 °C with a laser beam of 450 mJ/pulse at 20 Hz are found to exhibit a (200) peak in the x-ray diffraction spectra corresponding to the rutile structure of CrO2. X-ray and scanning electron microscopy data indicate that the films are polycrystalline with an average grain size of 20 nm. Films grown at higher laser energies show the (006) peak of the antiferromagnetic Cr2O3 phase, and no strong x-ray peaks were observed from the films made at lower laser energies or lower growth temperatures. FeOX films deposited in vacuum at 400 °C with a laser beam of 500 mJ/pulse at 25 Hz are in the ferrimagnetic γ-Fe2O3 phase with a saturation magnetization of 371 kA/m, while the films deposited with O2 gas consist of the antiferromagnetic α-Fe2O3 phase. The γ-Fe2O3 phase is retained on Si substrates even at film thicknesses of 520 nm.
Fatal Cobalt Toxicity after a Non‐Metal‐on‐Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty (2017)

This case illustrates the potential for systemic cobalt toxicity in non-metal-on-metal bearings and its potentially devastating consequences. We present a 71-year-old male with grinding sensations in his right hip following ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty (THA). After diagnosing a fractured ceramic liner, the hip prosthesis was revised into a metal-on-polyethylene bearing. At one year postoperatively, X-rays and MARS-MRI showed a fixed reversed hybrid THA, with periarticular densities, flattening of the femoral head component, and a pattern of periarticular metal wear debris and pseudotumor formation. Before revision could take place, the patient was admitted with the clinical picture of systemic cobalt toxicity, supported by excessively high serum cobalt and chromium levels, and ultimately died. At autopsy dilated cardiomyopathy as cause of death was hypothesized. A third body wear reaction between ceramic remnants and the metal femoral head very likely led to excessive metal wear, which contributed systemic cobalt toxicity leading to neurotoxicity and heart failure. This case emphasizes that fractured ceramic-on-ceramic bearings should be revised to ceramic-on-ceramic or ceramic-on-polyethylene bearings, but not to metal-on-polyethylene bearings. We aim to increase awareness among orthopedic surgeons for clinical clues for systemic cobalt intoxication, even when there is no metal-on-metal bearing surface.
Epidemiology of gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with Type 2 diabetes (2004)

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy. Although it is a well-known cause of pregnancy complications, its epidemiology has not been studied systematically. Our aim was to review the recent data on the epidemiology of GDM, and to describe the close relationship of GDM to prediabetic states, in addition to the risk of future deterioration in insulin resistance and development of overt Type 2 diabetes. We found that differences in screening programmes and diagnostic criteria make it difficult to compare frequencies of GDM among various populations. Nevertheless, ethnicity has been proven to be an independent risk factor for GDM, which varies in prevalence in direct proportion to the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in a given population or ethnic group. There are several identifiable predisposing factors for GDM, and in the absence of risk factors, the incidence of GDM is low. Therefore, some authors suggest that selective screening may be cost-effective. Importantly, women with an early diagnosis of GDM, in the first half of pregnancy, represent a high-risk subgroup, with an increased incidence of obstetric complications, recurrent GDM in subsequent pregnancies, and future development of Type 2 diabetes. Other factors that place women with GDM at increased risk of Type 2 diabetes are obesity and need for insulin for glycaemic control. Furthermore, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and afterwards may be more prevalent in women with GDM. We conclude that the epidemiological data suggest an association between several high-risk prediabetic states, GDM, and Type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is suggested as a pathogenic linkage. It is possible that improving insulin sensitivity with diet, exercise and drugs such as metformin may reduce the risk of diabetes in individuals at high risk, such as women with polycystic ovary syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, and a history of GDM. Large controlled studies are needed to clarify this issue and to develop appropriate diabetic prevention strategies that address the potentially modifiable risk factors.
Automatic paraphrase acquisition from news articles (2002)

Paraphrases play an important role in the variety and complexity of natural language documents. However, they add to the difficulty of natural language processing. Here we describe a procedure for obtaining paraphrases from news articles. Articles derived from different newspapers can contain paraphrases if they report the same event on the same day. We exploit this feature by using Named Entity recognition. Our approach is based on the assumption that Named Entities are preserved across paraphrases. We applied our method to articles of two domains and obtained notable examples. Although this is our initial attempt at automatically extracting paraphrases from a corpus, the results are promising.
Real-time H.264 Encoder with Deblocking Filter Parallelization (2008)

Real-time H.264 encoding of HD video is still a heavy task for today's high-end PC processors. To improve the encoding speed, we introduce thread-level parallelism to our H.264 encoder. However, the parallelized encoder with slice-level decomposition sometimes causes observable artifacts in encoded image. We propose a new parallelization technique for deblocking filtering that can reduce the artifacts without degrading the parallel processing efficiency. Experimental results indicate that our parallelized encoder improves processing speed by a factor of 5.9 with 8 threads. This is achieved without any noticeable artifact. We can achieve real-time H.264 HD (720p 30fps) visual communication on a PC platform.
Effect of Tinted Contact Lenses on Color Vision (1976)

This study was designed to investigate the effects of various contact lens tints on color vision. Color vision performance of eight subjects was evaluated with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test while each subject wore each of 13 differently tinted contact lenses. No significant differences in color vision were found with the various lenses. However, performance on the test was affected by repetition. Regardless of the lens tints tested, color discrimination for the blue quadrant of the 100 Hue Test was the poorest. Further research is needed to determine the effect of tinted contact lenses on scotopic and mesopic vision.
Influence of the force—frequency relationship on haemodynamics and left ventricular function in patients with non-failing hearts and in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (1994)

In isolated human myocardium it was shown that a positive force-frequency relationship occurs in non-failing myocardium; however, the force-frequency relationship was found to be inverse in myocardium from failing human hearts. In order to investigate the clinical relevance of these experimental findings, the influence of heart rate changes on haemodynamics and left ventricular function was studied in eight patients without heart failure and in nine with failing dilated cardiomyopathy (NYHA II-III). Right ventricular pacing was performed at a rate slightly above sinus rate and at 100, 120 and 140 beats.min-1. Haemodynamic parameters were obtained by right heart catheterization and by high-fidelity left ventricular pressure measurements. Left ventricular angiography was performed at basal pacing rate and at 100 and 140 beats.min-1. With increasing heart rate, cardiac index increased in patients with normal left ventricular function from 2.9 +/- 0.2 to 3.5 +/- 0.21.min-1.m-2 (P < 0.01) and decreased continuously in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy from 2.6 +/- 0.1 to 2.2 +/- 0.1 l.min-1. m-2 (P < 0.05). With increasing heart rate, the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise increased in non-failing hearts from 1388 +/- 86 to 1671 +/- 88 mmHg.s-1 (P < 0.01) and did not change in failing hearts. Ejection fraction decreased from 27 +/- 3% to 19 +/- 2% in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (P < 0.05) when the pacing rate was changed from 84 +/- 2 beats.min-1 to 140 beats.min-1, which was associated with a significant increase in end-systolic volume without significant changes in end-diastolic volume.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
BOTOX: A Review (2003)

BOTOX cosmetic is proving to be an affordable alternative for thousands of people looking to enhance their appearance without the cost, risks and downtime associated with surgical procedures. Botulinum toxin is a neuromuscular blocking agent produced by Clostridium Botulinum, an anaerobic bacterium. When first discovered BOTOX was pinpointed as the cause of severe paralysis acquired through the ingestion of contaminated food. Paralysis related to BOTOX is caused by chemodenervation, which is a result of blockage of the presynaptic release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. The corrugator (medial eyebrows), crow's feet, forehead, platysmal neckbands, and the jowl are frequently targeted areas for BOTOX injections. There are no current guidelines for physical limitations following the administration of BOTOX. Side effects associated with BOTOX injections appear to be either local, due to the paralysis of adjacent muscles, or mild flu-like symptoms lasting a few days in a small number of patients.
Proxy Simulations for Efficient Dynamics (2001)

Proxy simulations reduce the cost of simulation in large virtual worlds, such as those used in training simulations or computer games. A proxy takes the place of an accurate simulation for objects that are out of view, while the accurate model continues to manage visible objects. A proxy must ensure that objects enter the view at reasonable times throughout the simulation and in states that reffect their time spent out of view. The quality of a proxy simulation is measured by how well it maintains reasonable behaviors, where the deffinition of reasonable depends on the environment and its application. We present two examples of proxy simulations based on discrete event models: one for city traffic simulation and another for multi-agent path planning and motion. For these examples, we demonstrate dynamics computation speedups of over two orders of magnitude as the environments grow in size and complexity.
Lithium Trifluoromethanesulfonimide in Acetone or Diethyl Ether as a Safe Alternative to Lithium Perchlorate in Diethyl Ether for Effecting Diels-Alder Reactions. Unexpected Influence of the Counterion of Exo/Endo Selectivity (1995)

Concentrated solutions of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonimide in either acetone or diethyl ether constitute convenient and safe alternatives to lithium perchlorate in diethyl ether for promoting and accelerating [4+2] cycloaddition reactions.
Delayed treatment with a p53 inhibitor enhances recovery in stroke brain (2009)

Delayed treatment with a p53 inhibitor PFT-alpha is able to modify stroke-induced endogenous neurogenesis and improve the functional recovery in stroke animals.
What Does SDWA Reauthorization Mean To You? (1997)

To anyone involved with a small water system, the recent Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) reauthorization should mean a call to action. When the SDWA was reauthorized in August 1996, four main issues came to the forefront. This article discusses those topics, which include: mandatory operator certification; capacity development; source water protection; and, formation of state revolving loan funds (SRLF).
CBFA2T3 (MTG16) is a putative breast tumor suppressor gene from the breast cancer loss of heterozygosity region at 16q24.3. (2002)

Numerous cytogenetic and molecular studies of breast cancer have identified frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the long arm of human chromosome 16. On the basis of these data, the likely locations of breast cancer tumor suppressor genes are bands 16q22.1 and 16q24.3. We have mapped the CBFA2T3 (MTG16) gene, previously cloned as a fusion partner of the AML1 protein from a rare (16;21) leukemia translocation, to the 16q24.3 breast cancer LOH region. The expression of CBFA2T3 was significantly reduced in a number of breast cancer cell lines and in primary breast tumors, including early ductal carcinomas in situ, when compared with nontransformed breast epithelial cell lines and normal breast tissue. Reintroduction of CBFA2T3 into different breast tumor derived cell lines with decreased expression of this gene reduced colony growth on plastic and in soft agar. CBFA2T3 was shown to function as a transcriptional repressor when tethered to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain in a reporter gene assay and, therefore, has the potential to be a transcriptional repressor in normal breast epithelial cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that CBFA2T3 is a likely candidate for the breast cancer tumor suppressor gene that is the target for the frequent 16q24 LOH in breast neoplasms.
A unified approach to unambiguous synthesis of the phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphates involved in intracellular signal transduction (1997)

A unified approach to unambiguous synthesis of the phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphates involved in intracellular signalling is illustrated by the synthesis of 1d-1-(1′,2′-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3′-phospho)-myo-inositol-3,4,5-trisphsphate.
Spermine analogue-regulated expression of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase and its effects on depletion of intracellular polyamine pools in mouse fetal fibroblasts (2009)

SSAT (Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase, also known as SAT1), the key enzyme in the catabolism of polyamines, is turned over rapidly and there is only a low amount present in the cell. In the present study, the regulation of SSAT by spermine analogues, the inducers of the enzyme, was studied in wild-type mouse fetal fibroblasts, expressing endogenous SSAT, and in the SSAT-deficient mouse fetal fibroblasts transiently expressing an SSAT-EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) fusion gene. In both cell lines treatments with DENSpm (N(1),N(11)-diethylnorspermine), CPENSpm (N(1)-ethyl-N(11)-[(cyclopropyl)-methy]-4,8-diazaundecane) and CHENSpm (N(1)-ethyl-N(11)-[(cycloheptyl)methy]-4,8-diazaundecane) led to high, moderate or low induction of SSAT activity respectively. The level of activity detected correlated with the presence of SSAT and SSAT-EGFP proteins, the latter localizing both in the cytoplasm and nucleus. RT-PCR (reverse transcription-PCR) results suggested that the analogue-affected regulation of SSAT-EGFP expression occurred, mainly, after transcription. In wild-type cells, DENSpm increased the amount of SSAT mRNA, and both DENSpm and CHENSpm affected splicing of the SSAT pre-mRNA. Depleted intracellular spermidine and spermine levels inversely correlated with detected SSAT activity. Interestingly, the analogues also reduced polyamine levels in the SSAT-deficient cells expressing the EGFP control. The results from the present study show that the distinct SSAT regulation by different analogues involves regulatory actions at multiple levels, and that the spermine analogues, in addition to inducing SSAT, lower intracellular polyamine pools by SSAT-independent mechanisms.