gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contour-based image registration with local deformations (2003)

This research is focused on the study of local-type image registration techniques, which concern pixel mapping between two correlated images with both global and local deformations. Our algorithm is object-contour-based, meaning that control points that conduct the transformation are adaptively selected from the matched contour points. It is novel in two important respects. First, we propose to match object contours in the source and target images by using locally-maximal-curvature points and curve projection. Second, the selection of control points is capable of adapting to both global and local deformations, normally being denser in contour segments with substantial local deformations. The proposed scheme is also hybrid in the sense that local contour matching and global surface-spline fitting of control points are combined. Simulations and some comparisons are made by using infrared thermographs and ordinary gray images. Experiments show better registration accuracy of object contours than with traditional methods such as elastic or curvature scale space matching.
INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF BUDGETARY PROCESSES: A CASE STUDY IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY (1994)

The way budgets are used may reflect the requirements of particular institutional and organisational contexts, rather than a ubiquitous need to plan and control technical operations. This paper examines the budgetary processes in a particular institutional and organisational setting‐ that of a public sector commercial organisation in a developing country. The findings suggest that in the special circumstances of the organisation studied, the budgetary process is a way of demonstrating conformity with the needs and requirements of external authorities, rather than a means of assisting internal management. These findings are consistent with and added to the understanding of theory which stresses the symbolic and institutionalised uses of accounting in organisations
Activation of the ATPase activity of heat-shock proteins Hsc70/Hsp70 by cysteine-string protein (1997)

DnaJ proteins are characterized by a 'J' domain which is homologous to a region of the Escherichia coli protein DnaJ. DnaJ has been shown to interact with the chaperone protein DnaK, and a number of eukaryotic DnaJ-like proteins have been found to interact with the 70 kDa heat-shock protein/70 kDa heat-shock cognate protein (Hsp70/Hsc70), the eukaryotic homologues of DnaK. Cysteine-string proteins (Csps) are believed to function in calcium-stimulated exocytosis and in this paper we describe a specific ATP-dependent interaction between a Csp (Csp1) and Hsc70/Hsp70. We also show that Csp1 can stimulate the ATPase activity of both Hsc70 and Hsp70 several-fold. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Csp2, a Csp variant found in adrenal chromaffin cells, can enhance the ATPase activity of Hsc70 to a similar extent as Csp1, whereas Csp(137-198), a truncated protein lacking the 'J' domain of Csp1 is unable to stimulate the ATPase activity of Hsc70. This suggests that the functions of Csp1 and Csp2 must differ in some aspect other than interaction with Hsc70. This study is also important from a general view of DnaJ/Hsc70 interactions, as Csps lack a G/F-rich region which has been suggested to be essential for activation of the ATPase activity of DnaK by DnaJ. Thus, this work would imply that a G/F-rich region is not an essential feature of DnaJ proteins for stimulation of the ATPase activity of Hsp70 proteins.
Differential early viral gene expression in two stages of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA-induced malignant transformation. (1987)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA induces progressive transformation in NIH 3T3 cells. Two types of cell lines, PM3T3G0 and PM3T3Fo, were isolated by G418 or focus selection, respectively, after transfection of cells by a recombinant HPV 16 DNA carrying the neo gene. These cell lines exhibited distinct phenotypes compared with controls. Saturation densities of PM3T3G0 and PM3T3Fo lines were two- to three- and five- to sevenfold greater than that of control NIH 3T3 cells, respectively. Neither cell type required high serum for growth, in contrast to NIH 3T3 cells. PM3T3G0 lines were premalignant, whereas PM3T3Fo lines manifested tumorigenicity within 2 weeks. Subpopulations of three PM3T3G0 lines underwent progressive transformation as reflected by focus formation. Analysis of HPV 16-specific mRNA species demonstrated that high levels of early and late gene expression were detected in premalignant PM3T3G0 lines, whereas relatively low quantities of selected gene messages were expressed in malignant transformants. Thus, high levels of viral gene expression are not crucial for malignant transformation.
Side writing phenomena in narrow track recording (1992)

Edge writing phenomena in narrow track recording on both well-oriented and planar isotropic thin-film recording media are studied by numerical micromagnetic modeling. Multiple dibit transition pairs are simulated and statistical properties are analyzed. The magnetization patterns of the simulated dibits are studied as well as the magnetic pole density distributions. It is found that, for the well-oriented film, the magnetic pole density distribution of a written transition at the edges of the track is shifted in the recording track direction relative to the on-track transition position. With a normal writing field, the pole distribution extends significantly beyond the edges of the recording head. In the planar isotropic film, the pole density distribution at the transitions does not extend beyond the edges of the recording head even though the side writing is significantly wider. Pole density significantly fluctuates at the track edges, constituting the edge noise and the side band is a truly erased band.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sleep Bruxism: Validity of Clinical Research Diagnostic Criteria in a Controlled Polysomnographic Study (1996)

The clinical validity of diagnostic criteria for sleep orofacial motor activity--more specifically, bruxism--has never been tested. Polysomnographic recordings from 18 bruxers and 18 asymptomatic subjects, selected according to American Sleep Disorders Association criteria, were analyzed (1) to discriminate sleep bruxism from other orofacial motor activities and (2) to calculate sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of research criteria. Clinical observations and reports revealed that all 18 bruxers reported frequent tooth-grinding during sleep. Tooth wear was noted in 16 out of 18 bruxers and jaw discomfort reported by six of them. These findings were present in none of the controls. The analysis of polysomnographic data showed that the asymptomatic subjects presented a mean of 1.7 +/- 0.3 bruxism episodes per hour of sleep (sustained or repetitive bursting activity in jaw closer muscles), while bruxers had a significantly higher level of activity: 5.4 +/- 0.6. Controls exhibited 4.6 +/- 0.3 bruxism bursts per episode and 6.2 (from 0 to 23) bruxism bursts per hour of sleep, whereas bruxers showed, respectively, 7.0 +/- 0.7 and 36.1 (5.8 to 108). Bruxism-like episodes with at least two grinding sounds were noted in 14 of the 18 bruxers and in one control. The two groups exhibited no difference in any of the sleep parameters. Based on the present findings, the following polysomnographic diagnostic cut-off criteria are suggested: (1) more than 4 bruxism episodes per hour, (2) more than 6 bruxism bursts per episode and/or 25 bruxism bursts per hour of sleep, and (3) at least 2 episodes with grinding sounds. When the polysomnographic bruxism-related variables were combined under logistic regression, the clinical diagnosis was correctly predicted in 81.3% of the controls and 83.3% of the bruxers. The validity of these clinical research criteria needs now to be challenged in a larger population, over time, and in subjects presenting various levels of severity of sleep bruxism.
Heterogeneity of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Status and Mutations of KRAS/PIK3CA in Circulating Tumor Cells of Patients with Colorectal Cancer (2012)

Molecular characterization of single CTCs demonstrated considerable intra- and interpatient heterogeneity of EGFR expression and genetic alterations in EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA, possibly explaining the variable response rates to EGFR inhibition in patients with CRC.
Stereo 3D Mouse Cursor: A Method for Interaction with 3D Objects in a Stereoscopic Virtual 3D Space (2009)

We introduce a different approach of applying stereoscopy principles to implement a virtual 3D pointing technique called stereo 3D mouse cursor (S3D-Cursor) based on two or more views of an ordinary mouse cursor. The basics of such an idea have already been applied as a by-product of some stereo-based visualization applications with usually less attention to its strengths or weaknesses as a generic alternative of its 2D counterpart in stereoscopic 3D space. Here, we examine if such an idea satisfies all or the main expected requirements of an abstract 3D cursor. Moreover, we analyze its accuracy and evaluate the applicability of this approach in terms of different efficiency factors. For this purpose, we have adapted a real-time point-based rendering software called QSplat to a multiview rendering version named QSplatMV. We have implemented the S3D-Cursor on top of this new application and developed a simple editing toolset for manipulating the virtual 3D objects. Our user evaluation results suggest the effectiveness of the approach in terms of detection accuracy and user satisfaction compared to using an ordinary mouse cursor on a conventional 2D screen.
Quantitative analysis of aposporous parthenogenesis in<i>Poa pratensis</i>genotypes (1993)

Several embryological and cytological techniques were developed to determine the degree of aposporous parthenogenesis vs. sexuality in different genotypes of the facultative apomictic grass Poa pratensis L. Fixed embryo sacs were mechanically isolated and individually examined with phase-contrast and interference-contrast light microscopes. The degree of apospory was calculated as the ratio of embryo sacs with an embryo but without endosperm and the total number of embryo sacs studied per plant. The degree of apospory varied between 9 and 76% in nine plants. Photocytometry and flow cytometry were used to determine ploidy levels in embryo and endosperm of individual embryo sacs in order to determine their origin, asposporous vs. sexual. Results based on the calculated degree of apospory agreed with the degree of apomixis deduced from homogeneity scores in field progeny tests. Callose deposition on the megaspore mother cell during megasporogenesis was studied in the same set of genotypes and the percentage of abnormal, micropylar callose deposition closely agreed with results both of the embryo sac analysis and the progeny tests. Combined use of these techniques yields quantitative data on the aposporous tendency of individual genotypes of Poa pratensis.
Nox Inhibitors & Therapies: Rational Design of Peptidic and Small Molecule Inhibitors (2015)

Oxidative stress-related diseases underlie many if not all of the major leading causes of death in United States and the Western World. Thus, enormous interest from both academia and pharmaceutical industry has been placed on the development of agents which attenuate oxidative stress. With that in mind, great efforts have been placed in the development of inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (Nox), the major enzymatic source of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in many cells and tissue. The regulation of a catalytically active Nox enzyme involves numerous protein-protein interactions which, in turn, afford numerous targets for inhibition of its activity. In this review, we will provide an updated overview of the available Nox inhibitors, both peptidic and small molecules, and discuss the body of data related to their possible mechanisms of action and specificity towards each of the various isoforms of Nox. Indeed, there have been some very notable successes. However, despite great commitment by many in the field, the need for efficacious and well-characterized, isoform-specific Nox inhibitors, essential for the treatment of major diseases as well as for delineating the contribution of a given Nox in physiological redox signalling, continues to grow.
Growth Factor Delivery From Self-Assembling Nanofibers to Facilitate Islet Transplantation (2008)

Recent advances in nanotechnology and molecular self-assembly may provide novel solutions to current cell transplantation deficiencies. Heparin-binding peptide amphiphiles (HBPAs) self-assemble from aqueous media into nanofibers that bind growth factors through interactions with the bioactive polymer heparin. In this report, we demonstrate that delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2 from HBPA scaffolds significantly increases blood vessel density in the mouse omentum over control scaffolds without growth factors (P<0.0005) and significantly enhances islet engraftment. Diabetic recipients transplanted with 250 isologous islets and HBPA scaffolds containing vascular endothelial growth factor/fibroblast growth factor-2 achieved normoglycemia at a higher rate (78%) than control animals receiving identical scaffolds without growth factors (30%; P<0.05) or growth factors alone (20%). These data indicate that the enhanced engraftment can be attributed to specific growth factor effects that were made possible by the delivery mechanism of HBPA nanostructures.
Process Gas Applications Where API 619 Screw Compressors Replaced Reciprocating And Centrifugal Compressors. (2006)

is currently the President of KOBELCO EDTI Compressors Inc., in Corona California, a subsidiary company of Kobe Steel, Ltd.He is in charge of both oil-free and oil-flooded screw compressors for process gas and industrial refrigeration and manages the company.Mr. Ohama's previous career for 25 years was as an engineer for oil-flooded gas screw compressors and managing the screw compressor engineering group when he was with Kobe Steel Ltd., Japan.He and his staff developed the high-pressure screw compressor H series in 1997, which is the first to be applied to 60 barG in the world as a series and expanded that range to 100 barG.
Micelle-to-Vesicle Transition of an Iron-Chelating Microbial Surfactant, Marinobactin E (2005)

Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques have been applied to study the self-assembly processes of a microbially produced siderophore, marinobactin E (ME). ME is one of a series of marinobactins A-E that facilitate Fe(III) acquisition by the source bacterium through coordination of Fe(III) by the marinobactin headgroup. ME is a six-amino-acid peptide amphiphile appended by palmitic acid (C16), and differs only in the nature of the fatty acid moiety from the other marinobactins. Apo-ME (uncoordinated ME) assembles to form micelles with an average diameter of 4.0 nm. Upon coordination of one equivalent of Fe(III), the mean micellar diameter of Fe(III)-ME shrinks to approximately 2.8 nm. However, in the presence of excess Fe(III), Fe(III)-ME undergoes a micelle-to-vesicle transition (MVT). At a small excess of Fe(III) over Fe(III)-ME (i.e., <1.2 Fe(III)/ME), a fraction of the Fe(III)-ME micelles rearrange into approximately 200 nm diameter unilamellar vesicles. At even greater Fe(III)/ME ratios (e.g., 2-3) multilamellar aggregates begin to emerge, consistent with either multilamellar vesicles or lamellar stacks. The MVT exhibited by ME may represent a unique mechanism by which marine bacteria may detect and sequester iron required for growth.
A process and temperature compensated ring oscillator (2003)

An on-chip oscillator with small frequency variation in a digital 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology is described. The oscillator utilizes a bias technique to compensate for the influences on the oscillation frequency caused by both temperature and process variations. No external components are needed in the oscillator. Simulation results show that the frequency of the proposed oscillator has a peak variation of /spl plusmn/6.8% for all process corners and a temperature range of 120/spl deg/C. The oscillator is measured to operate at a center frequency of 680 kHz and have a peak variation of /spl plusmn/4.7% over 29 sample chips in two different lots and a temperature range of 35/spl deg/C to 115/spl deg/C. As a comparison, a conventional inverter chain oscillator is made on the same chip. The frequency variation of the conventional inverter chain is /spl plusmn/14.6%.
MODEL MINIMUM PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS FOR LIDAR SPEED MEASUREMENT DEVICES (1995)

This report focuses on the development of performance specifications for LIDAR (LIght Detection and Ranging) devices used in speed limit enforcement. It begins with an overview and description of the use of lidar speed measurement devices in speed limit enforcement. It also contains recommendations concerning the use of lidar in speed limit enforcement and for the the training of law enforcement officers using these devices. The report then provides the model minimum peformance specifications for lidar along with the protocol for use in the laboratory and field testing of these devices to determine their compliance with the model performance specifications.
Mechanism of PEALD-Grown AlN Passivation for AlGaN/GaN HEMTs: Compensation of Interface Traps by Polarization Charges (2013)

The physical mechanism of passivation of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs by AlN thin film prepared with plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) is investigated by characterizing <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{Ni}{-} \hbox{Al}_{2}\hbox{O}_{3}/\hbox{AlN}{-}\hbox{GaN}/\hbox{AlGaN}/\hbox{GaN}$</tex></formula> metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) diodes. The dielectric stack <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$ \hbox{Al}_{2}\hbox{O}_{3}/\hbox{AlN}$</tex></formula> (13/2 nm) exhibits similar capability in suppressing the current collapse in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs as the 4-nm PEALD-AlN thin film used in our previous work but delivers much lower vertical leakage to facilitate the capacitance–voltage characterizations. Exceptionally large negative bias ( <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$ < -\hbox{8}\ \hbox{V}$</tex></formula> ) is required to deplete the 2-D electron gas in the MIS diode's <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$C$</tex></formula> – <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$V$</tex></formula> measurement. By virtue of quasi-static <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$C$</tex></formula> – <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$V$</tex></formula> characterization, it is revealed that positive fixed charges of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\sim\hbox{3.2} \times \hbox{10}^{13}\ \hbox{e}/\hbox{cm}^{2}$</tex></formula> are introduced by the PEALD-AlN. The positive fixed charges are suggested to be polarization charges in the monocrystal-like PEALD-AlN. They can effectively compensate the high-density slow-response acceptor-like interface traps, resulting in effective suppression of current collapse.
Effects of recombinant human superoxide dismutase on increased lung vascular permeability and respiratory disorder in endotoxemic rats. (1990)

A 4 hr intravenous infusion of Escherichia coli endotoxin in a total dose of 100 mg/kg produced significant morphological and functional pulmonary alterations in pentobarbitone anesthetized rats. Lung vascular permeability index was increased from 2.11 +/- 0.34 in normal rats to 4.82 +/- 0.65 in untreated endotoxemic rats. Treatment of endotoxemic rats with recombinant human superoxide dismutase (r-HSOD) in doses of 0.1, 0.215, and 0.464 mg/kg.min i.v., infused concomitantly with endotoxin, dose-dependently reduced the permeability index to 3.28 +/- 0.96, 2.83 +/- 0.55 (P less than 0.05), and 2.16 +/- 0.65 (P less than 0.05). The wet lung weight was 523 +/- 15 and 664 +/- 46 mg/100 g bwt in normal and in untreated endotoxemic rats, respectively. r-HSOD dose-dependently inhibited the endotoxin-induced increase in wet lung weight to 617 +/- 40, 577 +/- 31, and 559 +/- 39 (P less than 0.05) mg/100 g bwt. r-HSOD (0.464 mg/kg.min) did not affect permeability index and wet lung weight in normal, nonintoxicated rats. Endotoxin infusion produced a significant increase in respiratory rate (max. +69%) and blood gas alterations, indicating a hyperventilatory hypocapnia in endotoxemic control rats. Infusion of r-HSOD (0.464 mg/kg.min) significantly inhibited the endotoxin-induced tachypnoe (max. +13%) and blunted the alterations in arterial hydrogen carbonate content and carbon dioxide tension. In conclusion, infusion of r-HSOD dose-dependently and significantly inhibited pulmonary edema formation and hyperventilatory dyspnoe in endotoxemic rats.
Performance of FM-DCSK communication system over a multipath fading channel with delay spread (2004)

The enzyme, dihydroxyacetone-phosphate acyltransferase (DHAP-AT) is localized at the inner surface of the peroxisomal membrane but shows no latency. The product, i.e., acyl-DHAP, is the first lipidic intermediate in ether lipid biosynthesis that is converted by alkyldihydroxyacetone-phosphate synthase into alkyl-DHAP. This step and the reductions of acyl-DHAP and alkyl-DHAP to the glycerol 3-phosphate analogs can still take place in peroxisomes. The further conversions of these intermediates into ether-linked choline or ethanolamine glycerophospholipids or plasmalogens take place in the endoplasmic reticulum. In this paper we describe studies to localize acyl-DHAP in the transversal plane of the peroxisomal membrane. To enable these studies, the usually employed assay conditions for DHAP-AT were modified by omission of BSA and by lowering the temperature and the palmitoyl-CoA concentration. Using these modified conditions, we were able to label peroxisomes with endogenously generated acyl-DHAP, with retention of catalase within the peroxisomal membrane. Endogenously generated acyl-DHAP was rapidly extractable from the outer surface of peroxisomes with BSA at 0 degree C, suggesting that even at this temperature the product was transported very fast across the membrane. Trypsin treatment of peroxisomes did not affect this behaviour. Only after short incubation periods, an increase in the proportion of non-extractable acyl-DHAP was observed. In large unilamellar vesicles made from peroxisomal phospholipids no transmembrane movement of acyl-DHAP was found. Despite the apparently rapid transbilayer movement of acyl-DHAP in the presence of BSA, it could still serve as a substrate for the enzyme alkyl-DHAP synthase, which is also localized at the inner surface of the peroxisomal membrane. In addition it was shown that endogenously generated substrate is used at a higher efficiency compared to exogenously added acyl-DHAP, suggesting a close interaction of the two enzymes in the peroxisomal membrane.