gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy harvester array using piezoelectric circular diaphragm for broadband vibration (2014)

A piezoelectric generator fabricated by multiple circular diaphragm piezoelectric harvesters array is provided to harvest power over a broad range of frequencies. Four harvesters with varies tip masses are incorporated on a board with an area of 98 × 98 mm2. In this case, four strong output power peaks are obtained over frequencies from 120 Hz to 225 Hz. With an optimum load resistance of 15 kΩ, the value of four output power peaks is, respectively, 5.14, 6.65, 9.7, and 10 mW for the generator under an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2. By choosing an appropriate combination of tip masses with piezoelectric elements in array, the frequency range of energy harvesting can be obviously widened to meet the broadband vibration.
Entry of human cytomegalovirus into retinal pigment epithelial and endothelial cells by endocytosis. (1999)

This study shows that HCMV penetrates these highly specialized relevant cells via endocytosis. The low level of infection and the delay in the onset of HCMV expression seen in these cells compared with fibroblasts may be related to the sequestration and degradation of incoming viral particles in endocytic vacuoles.
Chronic Nerve Growth Factor Exposure Increases Apoptosis in a Model of In Vitro Induced Conjunctival Myofibroblasts (2012)

In the conjunctiva, repeated or prolonged exposure to injury leads to tissue remodeling and fibrosis associated with dryness, lost of corneal transparency and defect of ocular function. At the site of injury, fibroblasts (FB) migrate and differentiate into myofibroblasts (myoFB), contributing to the healing process together with other cell types, cytokines and growth factors. While the physiological deletion of MyoFB is necessary to successfully end the healing process, myoFB prolonged survival characterizes the pathological process of fibrosis. The reason for myoFB persistence is poorly understood. Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), often increased in inflamed stromal conjunctiva, may represent an important molecule both in many inflammatory processes characterized by tissue remodeling and in promoting wound-healing and well-balanced repair in humans. NGF effects are mediated by the specific expression of the NGF neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 (trkA(NGFR)) and/or the pan-neurotrophin glycoprotein receptor (p75(NTR)). Therefore, a conjunctival myoFB model (TGFβ1-induced myoFB) was developed and characterized for cell viability/proliferation as well as αSMA, p75(NTR) and trkA(NGFR) expression. MyoFB were exposed to acute and chronic NGF treatment and examined for their p75(NTR)/trkA(NGFR), αSMA/TGFβ1 expression, and apoptosis. Both NGF treatments significantly increased the expression of p75(NTR), associated with a deregulation of both αSMA/TGFβ1 genes. Acute and chronic NGF exposures induced apoptosis in p75(NTR) expressing myoFB, an effect counteracted by the specific trkA(NGFR) and/or p75(NTR) inhibitors. Focused single p75(NTR) and double trkA(NGFR)/p75(NTR) knocking-down experiments highlighted the role of p75(NTR) in NGF-induced apoptosis. Our current data indicate that NGF is able to trigger in vitro myoFB apoptosis, mainly via p75(NTR). The trkA(NGFR)/p75(NTR) ratio in favor of p75(NTR) characterizes this process. Due to the lack of effective pharmacological agents for balanced tissue repairs, these new findings suggest that NGF might be a suitable therapeutic tool in conditions with impaired tissue healing.
A Single-Port Robotic System for Transanal Microsurgery—Design and Validation (2017)

This letter introduces a single-port robotic platform for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS). Two robotically controlled articulated surgical instruments are inserted via a transanal approach to perform submucosal or full-thickness dissection. This system is intended to replace the conventional TEMS approach that uses manual laparoscopic instruments. The new system is based on master-slave robotically controlled tele-manipulation. The slave robot comprises a support arm that is mounted on the operating table, supporting a surgical port and a robotic platform that drives the surgical instruments. The master console includes a pair of haptic devices, as well as a three-dimensional display showing the live video stream of a stereo endoscope inserted through the surgical port. The surgical instrumentation consists of energy delivery devices, graspers, and needle drivers allowing a full TEMS procedure to be performed. Results from benchtop tests, ex vivo animal tissue evaluation, and in vivo studies demonstrate the clinical advantage of the proposed system.
Relationship between expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2014)

This study demonstrated an inverse relationship between CAP1 and MMP-9 expression, and high expression of MMP-9 and low expression of CAP1 in those with COPD compared with the non-COPD group. Overexpression of MMP-9 in lung tissue and its interaction with CAP1 is likely to play a major role in airway obstruction in COPD.
Impact of maternal atopy and probiotic supplementation during pregnancy on infant sensitization: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled study (2008)

Infants of atopic mothers, specifically when breastfed exclusively over 2.5 months or totally over 6 months, had a higher risk of sensitization at the age of 12 months. This risk could be reduced by the use of probiotics during pregnancy and lactation, partly by resulting in a beneficial composition of the breast milk.
Lasing without population inversion: towards X-ray continuous wave laser emission (2000)

Aquest article de revisio se centra en el fenomen de l'emissio laser sense inversio de poblacio en configuracions atomiques de tres o mes nivells en interaccio amb un laser de preparacio. En primer lloc, es descriu breument l'interes i l'estat actual de la recerca al voltant d'aquest fenomen. A continuacio, es descriu amb detall el fonament fisic de l'emissio laser sense inversio i aixi s'analitza aquest fenomen en termes d'interferencia quantica entre els estats atomics vestits pel laser de preparacio. Paral·lelament, s'utilitza el formalisme dels salts quantics per introduir coeficients B d'Einstein generalitzats per a l'emissio estimulada i l'absorcio en aquests esquemes i com a consequencia, l'emissio laser sense inversio de poblacio s'explica en termes d'una no-reciprocitat en els coeficients per a l'emissio estimulada i l'absorcio. Aixi mateix, aquest formalisme permet analitzar l'emissio laser sense inversio en termes de l'efecte Zeno quantic. A mes a mes, s'investiguen alguns problemes concrets dels lasers sense inversio de poblacio com, per exemple i l'emissio laser sense inversio amb un camp laser de preparacio de frequencia menor que la del generat sense inversio, l'emissio laser sense inversio en absencia d'un camp de preparacio extern i la transparencia induida electromagneticament com a pas previ per a l'amplificacio sense inversio. Finalment, s'exploren alguns aspectes particulars de la dinamica d'aquests lasers com son l'emissio laser sense inversio en regim autopolsant o la generacio de polsos gegants de llum laser.
Post-Silicon Validation of the IBM POWER9 Processor (2020)

Due to the complexity of designs, post-silicon validation remains a major challenge with few systematic solutions. We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art post silicon validation process used by IBM to verify its latest IBM POWER9 processor. During the POWER9 post-silicon validation, we detected and handled 30% more logic bugs in 80% of the time, as compared to the previous IBM POWER8 bring-up. This improvement is the result of lessons learned from previous designs, leading to numerous innovations. We provide bug analysis data and compare it to POWER8 results. We demonstrate our methodology by describing several bugs from fail detection to root cause.
Ring-opening of epoxides with morpholine-borane (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing-opening of epoxides with morpholine-boraneWilliam B. SmithCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 17, 3219–3220Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00191a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00191a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views642Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Incorporating a mucosal environment in a dynamic gut model results in a more representative colonization by lactobacilli (2011)

To avoid detrimental interactions with intestinal microbes, the human epithelium is covered with a protective mucus layer that traps host defence molecules. Microbial properties such as adhesion to mucus further result in a unique mucosal microbiota with a great potential to interact with the host. As mucosal microbes are difficult to study in vivo, we incorporated mucin-covered microcosms in a dynamic in vitro gut model, the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME). We assessed the importance of the mucosal environment in this M-SHIME (mucosal-SHIME) for the colonization of lactobacilli, a group for which the mucus binding domain was recently discovered. Whereas the two dominant resident Lactobacilli, Lactobacillus mucosae and Pediococcus acidilactici, were both present in the lumen, L. mucosae was strongly enriched in mucus. As a possible explanation, the gene encoding a mucus binding (mub) protein was detected by PCR in L. mucosae. Also the strongly adherent Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) specifically colonized mucus upon inoculation. Short-term assays confirmed the strong mucin-binding of both L. mucosae and LGG compared with P.acidilactici. The mucosal environment also increased long-term colonization of L. mucosae and enhanced its stability upon antibiotic treatment (tetracycline, amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin). Incorporating a mucosal environment thus allowed colonization of specific microbes such as L. mucosae and LGG, in correspondence with the in vivo situation. This may lead to more in vivo-like microbial communities in such dynamic, long-term in vitro simulations and allow the study of the unique mucosal microbiota in health and disease.
Oxidative signalling and inflammatory pathways in Alzheimer's disease (2001)

It is well established that inflammation and oxidative stress are key components of the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but how early in the pathological cascade these processes are involved or which specific molecular components are key, has not been fully elucidated. This paper describes the pharmacological approach to understand the molecular components of inflammation and oxidative stress on the activation of microglial cells and neuronal cell viability. We have shown that activation of microglia with the 42-amino-acid form of the beta-amyloid peptide (A beta 42) activates the production of cyclooxygenase-2, the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase and tumour necrosis factor-alpha and there appears to be little interactive feedback between these three mediators. Moreover, we explore the effects of a series of salen-manganese complexes, EUK-8, -134 and -189, which are known to possess both superoxide and catalase activity. These compounds are able to protect cells from insults produced by hydrogen peroxide or peroxynitrite. Moreover, EUK-134 was also able to limit the output of prostaglandin E2 from activated microglial cells. The mechanisms underlying these effects are discussed. Together, these data support a pivotal role for oxidative stress and inflammation as key mediators of the pathological cascade in AD and provide some ideas about possible therapeutic targets.
Natural gas/diesel RCCI CFD simulations using multi-component fuel surrogates (2017)

Previous attempts to model natural gas/diesel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engines using single fuel component chemical kinetics have demonstrated difficulties with reproducing the gradual increase in combustion rate observed experimentally. This study investigates whether employing a multi-component vaporisation and chemical kinetics model for diesel fuel can yield closer agreement with experimental combustion rates. Multi-dimensional CFD simulations are compared against an injection timing sweep from a GM 1.9 L diesel engine modified with port injected natural gas. Using the multi-component model for both diesel vaporisation and diesel chemical kinetics resulted in a closer match with experimental heat release rate than using single component diesel chemical kinetics. However, the overly fast combustion rates at ignition could not be completely eliminated. In addition, a parameter study revealed that the simulation results are strongly sensitive to the ratio of components in the diesel fuel surrogate, the injected mass, and the injection velocity.
Identification of distinct predominant epitopes recognized by myoglobin-specific T cells under the control of different <i>Ir</i> genes and characterization of representative T cell clones. (1984)

We characterized the fine specificity of antigen recognition of myoglobin-immune T cells from B10.D2, B10.GD, and B10.A(5R) mice. Polyclonal H-2d T cells show a predominant response to an epitope centering on Glu 109 and His 116. These residues localize a dominant epitope to one segment of the myoglobin surface, but probably are not the only amino acid residues involved. This response pattern maps genetically to I-Ad (or Kd) based on the B10.GD recombinant strain. A different epitope specificity was detected in B10.A(5R) T cells mapping to I-E beta b E alpha k or I-Cd, but no difference was detected between strains differing at the Igh locus. Thus, epitope specificity varied with Ia haplotype but not Igh allotype. Myoglobin-specific B10.D2 T cell lines were established, and five clones specific for the Glu 109, His 116 epitope were isolated; these were all restricted to I-Ad antigen-presenting cells. These clones represent the dominant specificity in the polyclonal T cell response to myoglobin and will be useful in characterizing the structure and function of T cell receptors for antigen and Ia. The differences in number and nature of T cell epitopes compared to B cell epitopes of myoglobin are discussed.
Influence of ApoA-I Structure on the ABCA1-mediated Efflux of Cellular Lipids (2004)

The influence of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I structure on ABCA1-mediated efflux of cellular unesterified (free) cholesterol (FC) and phospholipid (PL) is not well understood. To address this issue, we used a series of apoA-I mutants to examine the contributions of various domains in the molecule to ABCA1-mediated FC and PL efflux from mouse J774 macrophages and human skin fibroblasts. Irrespective of the cell type, deletion or disruption of the C-terminal lipid-binding domain of apoA-I drastically reduced the FC and PL efflux ( approximately 90%), indicating that the C-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix is required for high affinity microsolubilization of FC and PL. Deletion in the N-terminal region of apoA-I also reduced the lipid efflux ( approximately 30%) and increased the K(m) about 2-fold compared with wild type apoA-I, whereas deletion of the central domain (Delta123-166) had no effect on either K(m) or V(max). These results indicate that ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux is relatively insensitive to the organization of the apoA-I N-terminal helix-bundle domain. Alterations in apoA-I structure caused parallel changes in its ability to bind to a PL bilayer and to induce efflux of FC and PL. Overall, these results are consistent with a two-step model for ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux. In the first step, apoA-I binds to ABCA1 and hydrophobic alpha-helices in the C-terminal domain of apoA-I insert into the region of the perturbed PL bilayer created by the PL transport activity of ABCA1, thereby allowing the second step of lipidation of apoA-I and formation of nascent high density lipoprotein particles to occur.
Evaluating the Rule of Thirds in Photographs and Paintings (2014)

The rule of thirds (ROT) is one of the best-known composition rules used in painting and photography. According to this rule, the focus point of an image should be placed along one of the third lines or on one of the four intersections of the third lines, to give aesthetically pleasing results. Recently, calculated saliency maps have been used in an attempt to predict whether or not images obey the rule of thirds. In the present study, we challenged this computer-based approach by comparing calculated ROT values with behavioral (subjective) ROT scores obtained from 30 participants in a psychological experiment. For photographs that did not follow the rule of thirds, subjective ROT scores matched calculated ROT values reasonably well. For photographs that followed the rule of thirds, we found a moderate correlation between subjective scores and calculated values. However, aesthetic rating scores correlated only weakly with subjective ROT scores and not at all with calculated ROT values. Moreover, for photographs that were rated as highly aesthetic and for a large set of paintings, calculated ROT values were about as low as in photographs that did not follow the rule of thirds. In conclusion, the computer-based ROT metrics can predict the behavioral data, but not completely. Despite its proclaimed importance in artistic composition, the rule of thirds seems to play only a minor, if any, role in large sets of high-quality photographs and paintings.
Leukotriene A4Hydrolase/Aminopeptidase (2002)

Leukotriene A(4) hydrolase/aminopeptidase is a bifunctional zinc metalloenzyme that converts the fatty acid epoxide leukotriene A(4) into leukotriene B(4), a potent chemoattractant and immune-modulating lipid mediator. Recently, the structure of leukotriene A(4) hydrolase revealed that Glu-271, which belongs to a conserved GXMEN motif in the M1 family of zinc peptidases, and Gln-136 are located at the active site. Here we report that mutagenetic replacements of Glu-271, but not Gln-136, abrogate both catalytic activities of leukotriene A(4) hydrolase. Furthermore, the 2.1 A crystal structure of [E271Q]leukotriene A(4) hydrolase revealed minimal conformational changes that could not explain the loss of enzyme function. We propose that the carboxylate of Glu-271 participates in an acid-induced opening of the epoxide moiety of leukotriene A(4) and formation of a carbocation intermediate. Moreover, Glu-271 appears to act as an N-terminal recognition site and may potentially stabilize the transition-state during turnover of peptides, a property that most likely pertains to all members of the M1 family of zinc aminopeptidases. Hence, Glu-271 is a unique example of an amino acid, which has dual and separate functions in two different catalytic reactions, involving lipid and peptide substrates, respectively.
On the Throughput of Secure Hybrid-ARQ Protocols for Gaussian Block-Fading Channels (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The focus of this paper is an information-theoretic study of retransmission protocols for reliable packet communication under a secrecy constraint. The <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">h</emphasis>ybrid <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">a</emphasis>utomatic <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">r</emphasis>etransmission re<emphasis emphasistype="boldital">q</emphasis>uest (HARQ) protocol is revisited for a block-fading wiretap channel. Here, two legitimate users communicate over a block-fading channel in the presence of a passive eavesdropper who intercepts the transmissions through an independent block-fading channel. In this model, the transmitter obtains a 1-bit ACK/NACK feedback from the legitimate receiver via an error-free <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">public</emphasis> channel. Both reliability and confidentiality of secure HARQ protocols are studied through the joint consideration of channel coding, secrecy coding, and retransmission protocols. In particular, the error and secrecy performance of <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">repetition time diversity</emphasis> (RTD) and <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">incremental redundancy</emphasis> (INR) protocols are investigated based on Wyner code sequences. These protocols ensure that the confidential message is decoded successfully by the legitimate receiver and is kept completely secret from the eavesdropper for a set of channel realizations. This paper illustrates that there exists a rate-compatible Wyner code family which ensures a secure INR protocol. Further, it defines the <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">connection outage</emphasis> and <emphasis emphasistype="boldital">secrecy outage</emphasis> probabilities to characterize the tradeoff between the reliability of the legitimate communication link and the confidentiality with respect to the eavesdropper's link. For a given connection/secrecy outage probability pair, an achievable throughput of secure HARQ protocols is derived for block-fading channels. Finally, both asymptotic analysis and numerical calculations demonstrate the benefits of HARQ protocols to throughput and secrecy. </para>
Association between inflammatory mediators and angiographic morphologic features indicating thrombus formation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (2009)

背景煽动性的机制在尖锐心肌的梗塞的出现和预后起了一个重要作用，煽动性的调停人与测试的尖锐心肌的 infarction.This 学习的不利结果被联系假设在有圣片断举起的心肌的梗塞的尖锐阶段，嗜中性的计数和高敏感的C反应的蛋白质 angiographic 是预兆的在梗塞相关的 artery.Methods 显示血栓形成的词法特征这
1-Hydroxy-3-amino-2-piperidone (.delta.-N-hydroxycycloornithine) derivatives: key intermediates for the synthesis of hydroxamate-based siderophores (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-Hydroxy-3-amino-2-piperidone (.delta.-N-hydroxycycloornithine) derivatives: key intermediates for the synthesis of hydroxamate-based siderophoresTeodozyj Kolasa and Marvin J. MillerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 6, 1711–1721Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00293a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00293a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1743Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts