gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The control of gene expression by high light stress in cyanobacteria through the apparent two-component NblS-RpaB signal transduction pair (2008)

In nature photosynthetic organisms including cyanobacteria are dependent upon their\nability to acclimate to changes in environmental conditions including light and nutrient levels. The\nNblS sensor kinase of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 regulates gene\nexpression in response to a number of stress conditions including high-intensity light and nutrient\nlimitation. NblS is known as DspA or Hik33 in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. We\ndetermined that the high light-inducible hliA gene from S. elongatus is under negative control\nthrough NblS. We have identified the High Light Regulatory 1 (HLR1) sequence (two direct\nrepeats of (G/T)TTACA(T/A)(T/A) separated by two nucleotides) upstream of a number of genes\nin S. elongatus and Synechocystis known to be regulated through NblS and DspA, including the\nhigh light-inducible hli genes, and found the HLR1 sequence is conserved upstream of hli genes\nin many other cyanobacteria, the Cyanophora cyanelle, and cyanophage. We have identified the\nresponse regulator RpaB as the factor that binds the HLR1 sequence upstream of high light-regulated genes in S. elongatus and Synechocystis specifically the hliB and hliC genes from\nSynechocystis and hliA and psbAI genes from S. elongatus. In response to nutrient limiting\nconditions, the S. elongatus nblA gene is known to be regulated through NblS. We have found\nthis control to be negative, with NblS repressing nblA expression under nutrient replete\nconditions, a repression which is relieved during nutrient limitation. We have shown that RpaB\nbinds an HLR1 sequence found overlapping the promoters predicted from the two main\ntranscriptional start sites of nblA, as well as binding the HLR1 site overlapping the predicted\npromoter of hliA, consistent with RpaB also acting as a negative regulator of these genes, as\nNblS is. A separate response regulator, NblR, is known to positively regulate nblA. We have\nfound that the NblR response regulator is under redox control and binds upstream of nblA at a\nsite containing two indirect repeats of (T/C)CT(C/G)AGAAAGG separated by six nucleotides\n(termed the reduced NblR binding (RNB1) element). Since nblA appears to be under positive\ncontrol through the response regulator NblR binding to the upstream region, but under negative\ncontrol through NblS, and apparently RpaB, and hliA is regulated by NblS and RpaB, but not\nNblR, NblS and NblR are not likely to form a direct cognate response regulatory pair. We\nhypothesize that NblS and RpaB do form a cognate two-component regulatory pair. In this work\nwe present a model for gene control by NblS-RpaB and discuss the possible overlapping\nregulation of nblA by RpaB and NblR.
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of a highly conserved rice<i>mago nashi</i><sup>1</sup>homolog (2001)

Mago Nashi, a protein initially shown to be essential in the development of the Drosophila oocyte, is highly conserved among species and shows no homology to any other known cellular proteins. Here we report the nucleotide sequence of a cDNA and a partial gene that encode rice Mago Nashi protein homologs. In addition, we present the tissue-specific expression pattern of mago nashi at the level of RNA and protein. The rice Mago Nashi protein shares at least 73% amino acid identity with all known animal homologs. Genomic DNA gel blot analysis indicates that two copies of the mago nashi gene exist in the rice genome, one of which has identical intron positions to those found in an Arabidopsis homolog. mago nashi is expressed in root, leaf and developing seed tissue as determined by RNA and protein gel blot analysis. Evidence from Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans and human studies of Mago Nashi suggests that a major function of this protein is its involvement in RNA localization. The highly conserved amino acid sequence of all Mago Nashi protein homologs across kingdoms suggests that the plant version of this protein may similarly be involved in RNA localization.
Tissue‐specific expression of <i>ATCYS‐3A</i>, a gene encoding the cytosolic isoform of <i>O</i>‐acetylserine(thiol)lyase in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (1997)

Atcys-3A from Arabidopsis encodes the cytosolic isoform of O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase that catalyzes the last step of cysteine biosynthesis. The Atcys-3A transcript is present in different organs of mature plants, being more abundant in roots and declining to 40-50% in rosette leaves and flowers. In situ hybridization studies have shown a high Atcys-3A signal in root tissues, mainly localized to the cortex and xylem parenchyma. In a flower before anthesis, the transcript is detected exclusively in anthers and sepals and evenly distributed throughout the receptacle of the flower. An unexpected observation from these studies is the highest expression of Atcys-3A mRNA found in trichomes of either leaf or stem. The presence of high levels of the transcript is observed very early in trichome cell development. This is the first report describing the cellular localization of any plant O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase mRNA. The high level of Atcys-3A expression in trichomes raises new aspects to the biological function of trichomes, related to sulfate metabolism.
Methanol to propylene MTP: Lurgi's way (2002)

Due to environmental requirements and plentiful gas supply sources including the gas being flared there is no doubt that natural gas will be a key feedstock in the 21st century. Lurgi Oel.Gas.Chemie technologies - consisting of oxygen-blown natural gas reform ing, MegaMethanol synthesis and methanol to propylene conversion - provide an attractive way for bringing gas to the market wherever low cost natural gas is available. The valuable product is propylene and will meet the strong demand growth for propylene derivatives. Based on cost-effective and highly selective Lurgi technologies using proven elements the internal rate of return is between 15 and 30% for the methanol to propylene conversion depending on the methanol feed price and propylene value.
Suppression of MDA-MB-435 breast carcinoma cell metastasis following the introduction of human chromosome 11. (1996)

To determine the relevance of genetic information on chromosome 11 in the development of metastatic breast tumors, we introduced a normal human chromosome 11 into the highly metastatic MDA-MB-435 breast carcinoma cell line via the microcell-mediated chromosome transfer technique. Although the MDA-MB-435 recipient cell line and four randomly selected microcell hybrid clones remained tumorigenic in nude mice, the hybrids were >95% suppressed for metastasis to lung and regional lymph nodes (p<0.01). We also tested whether chromosome 6 harbors a metastasis-suppressor gene for breast cancer as observed previously for human melanoma. Grouped together, the four neo6 microcell hybrids had no statistically significant reduction in the incidence or number of lung or lymph node metastases compared to the weakly metastatic, subcloned parent cell line, MDA-MB-453.7. Expression of nm23-H1 (NME1), a known metastasis-suppressor gene in this breast cancer cell line, did not correlate with metastasis suppression in the microcell hybrids. These results further demonstrate that control of metastasis is molecularly distinct from tumorigenic potential. They also indicate that chromosome 11 encodes a metastasis-suppressor gene for human breast cancer.
Regulation of<i>in vitro</i>translation by double-stranded RNA in mammalian cell mRNA preparations (1988)

Polyadenylated mRNA has been purified from a variety of human and mouse cell sources. These preparations are actively translated in the wheat germ cell-free system but have only poor ability to stimulate the nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysate. The translation of endogenous and exogenous globin mRNA is strongly inhibited by the poly(A)+ RNA preparations in reticulocyte lysates. Both polysomal and non-polysomal RNA have similar effects but poly(A)+ RNA is almost 2000-fold more inhibitory than poly(A)-RNA on a weight basis. The inhibition is abolished in the presence a high concentration of poly(I).poly(C). Analysis of endogenous eIF-2 in the lysate reveals that the subunit becomes extensively phosphorylated in the presence of the inhibitory poly(A)+ RNA. Prolonged incubation of lysate with poly(A)+ RNA also causes some nucleolytic degradation of polysomal globin mRNA. These characteristics suggest that some eukaryotic cell mRNAs contain regions of double-stranded structure which are sufficiently extensive to activate translational control mechanisms in the reticulocyte lysate.
Expression of gap junction channels in communication-incompetent cells after stable transfection with cDNA encoding connexin 32. (1990)

The gene family encoding gap junction proteins (connexins) consists of several known members, and multiple connexins are frequently coexpressed by coupled cells. To characterize the channel properties of the major rat liver gap junction protein (connexin 32) in isolation from other gap junction proteins, we have introduced the cDNA encoding it into a human hepatoma cell line (SKHep1) in which we have identified a gap junction deficiency. In this cell line, dye coupling was absent and junctional conductance was near zero. Connexins and connexin 32 mRNA were not detectable by immunocytochemistry and Northern blot analysis. After transfection and selection, cells were strongly coupled with regard to dye and electrical current, and connexin 32 mRNA and punctate connexin 32-immunoreactive membrane contacts were abundant. Functional gap junction channels were still expressed after 19 passages of the cells, indicating stable transfection. When junctional conductance was rendered reversibly low by exposing the cells to agents that uncouple other cell types, currents through single gap junction channels could be observed. The unitary conductance of these expressed channels was about 120-150 pS, a value that is distinctly larger than in heart cells, which express a different gap junction protein.
LDApp: a Javascript linked data stack (2014)

Abstract. LDApp is designed as a very modular JavaScript Linked Data stack. A requirement for the modular design was an API to handle the graph data. RDF-Interfaces was the only JavaScript API standard, but lacks store handling and easy management of multiple parsers and serializers. The existing RDF-Interfaces API was extended to cover these use cases. To complete the framework, a JSON-LD integration is desir-able to use JavaScript native language features to deal with graph data. New modules for public interfaces, authentication, authorization, persis-tence and JSON-LD handling have been written to use this API.
Where Should the Hemofiltration Circuit be Placed in Relation to the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuit? (1992)

Patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) frequently experience hypervolemia and metabolic abnormalities that can be effectively managed by hemofiltration. Although several options for hemofiltration circuit placement exist, some may have the disadvantage of recirculation or shunting of poorly oxygenated blood to the patient. Attachment of the entire hemofiltration circuit to the pre-ECMO pump region is described. Despite the absence of pump generated pressure and a low blood flow rate, effective hemofiltration and diafiltration were achieved. This article examines whether placement of the hemofiltration circuit proximal to the ECMO pump has advantages over other hemofiltration circuit placements.
New developments in fire retardant non‐halogen aromatic phosphates (2000)

Abstract Akzo Nobel Chemicals has recently introduced on the market an aromatic oligomeric phosphate (BDP) based on Bisphenol A. This product shows higher thermal and hydrolytic stability than other aryl phosphates. It provides similar or better fire retardant performance than an oligomeric phosphate (RDP) based on resorcinol. Fire retardant formulations with BDP based on polycarbonate/ABS plastic (PC/ABS) blend, polyphenylene oxide/high impact polystyrene (PPO/HIPS) blend, and HIPS alone show similar or better physical properties than those obtained with RDP. Upon thermal decomposition of the fire retarded polymers containing BDP, phosphorus tends to accumulate in the solid residue, a result which indicates that the primary fire retardant action of BDP is likely to occur in the condensed phase.
High-Pressure Acceleration of the Growth Kinetics of Glucose Isomerase Crystals (2005)

The growth and dissolution rates of glucose isomerase crystals ({1 0 1} face) were measured in situ at 0.1 and 100 MPa. From these data, we determined that the solubilities at 25 degrees C were C(e) = 3.1 +/- 0.9 and 2.6 +/- 0.5 mg mL(-1) at 0.1 and 100 MPa, respectively. At the same supersaturation of sigma = 2.5 (sigma identical with ln(C/C(e)), C = the concentration of glucose isomerase, C(e) = the solubility) and temperature (T = 25 degrees C), the growth rate under 100 MPa was 7.6 times larger than that under 0.1 MPa. This result shows, for the first time, a kinetic acceleration of the growth rates of protein crystals with increasing pressure. The growth rates vs sigma data fitted well with a two-dimensional nucleation growth model of a polynucleation type. The fitting results indicate that the acceleration is mainly due to the decrease in the molecular surface energy of the glucose isomerase crystal with pressure.
Circulating Betatrophin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis (2015)

Based on the findings of our meta-analysis, circulating betatrophin level of T2DM patients is higher than that of nondiabetic adults in the nonobese population, but not in the obese population.
Convenient One-Pot Conversion of Alcohols into Esters via Hemiacetal Intermediates (1988)

A simple and efficient one-pot oxidative procedure, adaptable to a large scale, is described for the preparation of methyl esters from either primary alcohols or vic-diols. The aldehyde is generated by Swern or periodate oxidation, followed by bromine oxidation of the methyl hemiacetal formed in aqueous methanolic solution.
ChemInform Abstract: DISUBSTITUTED PHENOTHIAZONES. III. SYNTHESES OF DIMETHYL‐3H‐PHENOTHIAZIN‐3‐ONES (1985)

Abstract Durch Kondensation von Zink‐2‐aminophenylsulfiden (I) mit p‐Benzochinonen (II) sowie durch Kondensation von Dimethylanilinen (IV) mit Hydrochinon (V) zu Diphenylaminen (VI) und deren oxidative Cyclisierung werden verschiedene Dimethylphenothiazinone (III) bzw. (VIII) synthetisiert.
Osteoprogenitor cells within skeletal muscle (2000)

The formation of ectopic bone within skeletal muscle is a widely observed phenomenon. However, the source of the osteoprogenitor cells responsible for ectopic bone formation remains unknown. This study was designed to test for osteogenic differentiation among cells isolated from skeletal muscle tissue. Different subpopulations of cells derived from an adult mouse skeletal muscle were tested for induction of alkaline phosphatase activity after exposure to bone morphogenetic protein-2 in vitro. A responsive subpopulation was identified, transduced with a retrovirus encoding for beta-galactosidase (Rv-lacZ) and an adenoviral construct encoding for one bone morphogenetic protein-2, and injected into the hindlimb of immune compromised (severe combined immunodeficient, or SCID) mice. The injected cells appeared to actively participate in the ectopic bone formation. The existence of lacZ-positive muscle-derived cells colocalized with osteocalcin-producing cells within lacunae of newly formed bone matrix suggests osteoblast and osteocyte differentiation. Although a specific cell was not isolated, these data support the contentions that osteoprogenitor cells reside within skeletal muscle and that muscle may represent a source other than bone marrow for the harvest of these cells.
Emerging magnetism and electronic phase separation at titanate interfaces (2013)

The emergence of magnetism in otherwise nonmagnetic compounds and its underlying mechanisms have become the subject of intense research. Here we demonstrate that the nonmagnetic oxygen vacancies are responsible for an unconventional magnetic state common for titanate interfaces and surfaces. Using an effective multiorbital modeling, we find that the presence of localized vacancies leads to an interplay of ferromagnetic order in the itinerant ${t}_{2g}$ band and complex magnetic oscillations in the orbitally reconstructed ${e}_{g}$ band, which can be tuned by gate fields at oxide interfaces. The magnetic phase diagram includes highly fragmented regions of stable and phase-separated magnetic states forming beyond nonzero critical defect concentrations.
Live-Cell Bioorthogonal Chemical Imaging: Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy of Vibrational Probes (2016)

Innovations in light microscopy have tremendously revolutionized the way researchers study biological systems with subcellular resolution. In particular, fluorescence microscopy with the expanding choices of fluorescent probes has provided a comprehensive toolkit to tag and visualize various molecules of interest with exquisite specificity and high sensitivity. Although fluorescence microscopy is currently the method of choice for cellular imaging, it faces fundamental limitations for studying the vast number of small biomolecules. This is because common fluorescent labels, which are relatively bulky, could introduce considerable perturbation to or even completely alter the native functions of vital small biomolecules. Hence, despite their immense functional importance, these small biomolecules remain largely undetectable by fluorescence microscopy. To address this challenge, a bioorthogonal chemical imaging platform has recently been introduced. By coupling stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, an emerging nonlinear Raman microscopy technique, with tiny and Raman-active vibrational probes (e.g., alkynes and stable isotopes), bioorthogonal chemical imaging exhibits superb sensitivity, specificity, and biocompatibility for imaging small biomolecules in live systems. In this Account, we review recent technical achievements for visualizing a broad spectrum of small biomolecules, including ribonucleosides and deoxyribonucleosides, amino acids, fatty acids, choline, glucose, cholesterol, and small-molecule drugs in live biological systems ranging from individual cells to animal tissues and model organisms. Importantly, this platform is compatible with live-cell biology, thus allowing real-time imaging of small-molecule dynamics. Moreover, we discuss further chemical and spectroscopic strategies for multicolor bioorthogonal chemical imaging, a valuable technique in the era of "omics". As a unique tool for biological discovery, this platform has been applied to studying various metabolic processes under both physiological and pathological states, including protein synthesis activity of neuronal systems, protein aggregations in Huntington disease models, glucose uptake in tumor xenografts, and drug penetration through skin tissues. We envision that the coupling of SRS microscopy with vibrational probes would do for small biomolecules what fluorescence microscopy of fluorophores has done for larger molecular species.
Rearrangeable one-sided switching networks composed of uniform time-space elements (1985)

One-sided rearrangeable switching networks composed of uniform time-space elements are considered. Two theorems presenting conditions under which two- and four-wire networks are rearrangeable are given and proven. These theorems are also applicable for multiple-linkage space-division switching networks.
Slow-Wave Characteristics of Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Microstrip Line (1986)

A new slow-wave microstrip line made of a ferromagnetic semiconductor (FMS) substrate is proposed and its characteristics are discussed. Another possibility of a slow-wave microstrip line by a ferromagnetic (FM) substrate is also described in this paper. It is shown that these structures have more desirable and flexible guided wave properties than the conventional metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) microstrip line.
Production of the First Low Pressure Turbine Blade by Investment Casting (2015)

The first low pressure turbine blade of a certain new type aircraft engine was produced by investment casting.The main investment casting procedures were described,such as the wax pattern making and assembly,shell making and alloy melting as well as pouring process.A series of tests were carried out to analyze the casting defects such as adhering sand,misrun and micro-shrinkage.Finally,available process methods and parameters were presented.
Renal precursor cell transplantation using biodegradable polymer scaffolds (2005)

End-stage renal disease is a fatal and devastating disease that is caused by progressive and irreversible loss of functioning nephrons in the kidney. Dialysis and renal transplantation are the common treatments at present, but these treatments have severe limitations. The present study investigated the possibility of reconstructing renal tissues by transplantation of renal precursor cells to replace the current treatments for end-stage renal disease. Embryonic renal precursor cells, freshly isolated from metanephroi of rat fetus at day 15 post-gestation, were seeded on biodegradable polymer scaffolds and transplanted into peritoneal cavities of athymic mice for three weeks. Histologic sections stained with hematoxylin & eosin and periodic acid-Schiff revealed the formation of primitive glomeruli, tubules, and blood vessels, suggesting the potential of embryonic renal precursor cells to reconstitute renal tissues. Immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a marker of proliferating cells, showed intensive nuclear expression in the regenerated renal structures, suggesting renal tissue reconstitution by transplanted embryonic renal precursor cells. This study demonstrates the reconstitution of renal tissue in viva by transplanting renal precursor cells with biodegradable polymer scaffolds, which could be utilized as a new method for partial or full restoration of renal structure and function in the treatment of end-stage renal disease.
Mean Serum Concentration of Vitamin D-binding Protein (Gc Globulin) Is Related to the Gc Phenotype in Women (2001)

overestimation of Phe and Tyr concentrations, which may cause mild overtreatment, i.e., a reduction in dietary Phe allowances in excess of metabolic tolerance. This is not critical with Phe concentrations at or above the upper limit of normal. Still, neurological outcome has also been demonstrated to be adversely affected by Phe deficiency (14 ). In view of an overestimation by up to 60 mol/L in the low concentration range and a target range of 40 -250 mol/L in fresh samples, it would appear prudent to aim at Phe concentrations 100 mol/L for samples measured after delayed preparation from whole blood.