gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a neuronal subtype of insulin-like growth factor I receptor. (1987)

Primary neuronal cultures from fetal rat brain were utilized to investigate the possible role of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in neuronal growth and differentiation. 125I-IGF-I binding to intact cultured neurons was specific and saturable with an apparent Kd of 7.0 +/- 1.2 nM and a Bmax of 1.8 +/- 0.3 pmol/mg protein. Binding of 125I-IGF-I to neurons was inhibited by IGF-I, followed by IGF-II and insulin. 7 S nerve growth factor, but not beta-nerve growth factor, also inhibited 125I-IGF-I binding. A similar binding site was detected on brain membranes. Affinity cross-linking of 125I-IGF-I to intact cultured neurons revealed, under reducing conditions, a major binding moiety with an Mr of 115,000 and a minor component at Mr 260,000. The former represents a neuronal type of the IGF-I receptor alpha subunit, whereas the latter probably represents an alpha dimer. The Mr = 115,000 binding component for 125I-IGF-I was also present in membranes prepared from postnatal whole brain. In contrast, the binding moiety in cultured glial cells was of Mr = 135,000, which was identical to the IGF-I receptor alpha subunit of placenta. Thus mature brain, despite its cellular heterogeneity, expresses a structural subtype of IGF-I receptor which appears to be unique to differentiated neurons. Moreover, glial and neuronal cultures secreted a polypeptide which specifically bound IGF-I; the apparent Mr of this binding protein was determined by affinity cross-linking to be approximately 35,000. The presence of neuronal IGF-I receptors and binding proteins suggested that IGF-I may exert neurotrophic effects on developing neurons. This possibility was supported by the observation that IGF-I markedly stimulated neuronal RNA synthesis.
An on-line hot data identification for flash-based storage using sampling mechanism (2013)

Efficient hot and cold data identification in computer systems has been a fundamental issue. However, it has been least investigated. In this paper, we propose a novel on-line hot data identification scheme for flash-based storage named HotDataTrap. The main idea is to maintain a working set of potential hot data items in a cache based on a sampling mechanism. This sampling-based scheme enables HotDataTrap to early discard some of the cold items so that it can reduce runtime overheads as well as a waste of memory spaces. Moreover, our two-level hash indexing scheme helps HotDataTrap directly look up a requested item in the cache and save a memory space further by exploiting spatial localities. Both our sampling approach and hierarchical hash indexing scheme empower HotDataTrap to precisely and efficiently identify hot data with a even less memory. Our extensive experiments with various realistic workloads demonstrate that our HotDataTrap outperforms the state-of-the-art scheme by an average of 335% and our two-level hash indexing scheme considerably improves further HotDataTrap performance up to 50.8%.
The transient response and dynamic drive of cholesteric liquid‐crystal displays (1997)

Abstract— Transient phenomena play important roles in switching bistable reflective cholesteric liquid‐crystal displays (Ch‐LCDs). The transition to the transient planar state through the conic helical relaxation is discussed. The transition time is on the order of 1 ms and is utilized in the design of the dynamic drive scheme to substantially improve the drive speed of Ch‐LCDs. Systematic studies of the electro‐optical response under this drive scheme are presented as well as the drive‐scheme implementation.
Gasochromic mechanism in a-WO3 thin films based on Raman spectroscopic studies (2000)

The gasochromic mechanism in amorphous tungsten oxide films has been investigated using Raman scattering measurements. The Raman spectra of as-deposited films show two strong peaks at 770 and 950 cm−1 due to vibrations of the O–W6+–O and W6+=O bonds, respectively. When the Pd/a-WO3 films are gasochromically colored by exposure to diluted hydrogen gas, extra Raman peaks due to O–W5+–O and W5+=O bonds appear at 330 and 450 cm−1, respectively. The Raman spectra of a-WO3 films bleached with isotopic heavy oxygen (18O) show that the gasochromic coloration in a-WO3 films is directly related to the double injection of hydrogen ions and electrons.
A new permeance meter based on both lumped elements/transmission line theories (1996)

We have developed a new permeance meter in the 1 MHz-1.5 GHz range using either a microstrip pickup coil or a shielded loop pickup coil. Both pickup coils and the driving plates are free from LC resonance due to impedance matching. In the MHz range we must consider signal-to-noise ratio of the pickup coil. In the GHz range we must eliminate the voltage induced by the electric field, and an electromagnetic higher order mode in the driving plates.
Low-discrepancy blue noise sampling (2016)

We present a novel technique that produces two-dimensional low-discrepancy (LD) blue noise point sets for sampling. Using one-dimensional binary van der Corput sequences, we construct two-dimensional LD point sets, and rearrange them to match a target spectral profile while preserving their low discrepancy. We store the rearrangement information in a compact lookup table that can be used to produce arbitrarily large point sets. We evaluate our technique and compare it to the state-of-the-art sampling approaches.
PERMEATION IN FUSED SILICA (1971)

The effect of hydroxyl ion content and fictive temperature on the permeation .ofhelium and hydrogen through fused silica was studied.The permeating membrane consisted.of tubing, .018inches outside diameter with a .0028 in wall ,wound in a 38 turn/in helix.Specimens were saturated with hydroxyl ions at 1000 andl1000C in one atmosphere water vapor.The permeation constant K, atoms/cm-sec-atm, of fused silica was determined after each treatment in a series of environmental exposures designed to change independently both the fictive temperature and hydroxyl ion conterit of the fused silica.In the temperature range of 14c to 530 o C,'the activation energy for the permeation of helium through fuSed silica did not ,change significantly as a function of thermal or water treatment.The same was also observed fOr hydrogen in the range of 200. to 600C.It was discovered that a carbon coating on the silica had an effect on the permeation ofheli um.The coating decreased the permeation at
Atomistic-Continuum Hybrid Simulation of Heat Transfer Between Argon Flow and Copper Plates (2015)

A simulation work aiming to study heat transfer coefficient between argon fluid flow and copper plate is carried out based on atomistic-continuum hybrid method. Navier–Stokes equations for continuum domain are solved through the pressure implicit with splitting of operators (PISO) algorithm, and the atom evolution in molecular domain is solved through the Verlet algorithm. The solver is validated by solving Couette flow and heat conduction problems. With both momentum and energy coupling method applied, simulations on convection of argon flows between two parallel plates are performed. The top plate is kept as a constant velocity and has higher temperature, while the lower one, which is modeled with FCC copper lattices, is also fixed but has lower temperature. It is found that the heat transfer between argon fluid flow and copper plate in this situation is much higher than that at macroscopic when the flow is fully developed.
Ring magnet power supply for a 500 MeV synchrotron (1978)

The ring magnets of a 500 MeV synchrotron at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) are excited with a dc bias of 2300 A modulated by a 30 Hz sinewave current of 1300 A peak. To do this economically two commercial 500-kW 12-phase dc power supplies were modified to perform like a 1 MVA power amplifier with a frequency response from dc to approximately 60 Hz. This paper describes the design of the ring magnet power supply (RMPS).
Joint Radio Resource Management of Channel-Assignment and User-Association for Load Balancing in Dense WLAN Environment (2020)

IEEE 802.11-based wireless local area network (WLAN) is currently the most popular communication system and a lot of access points (APs) have been densely deployed over heavily populated areas. In such dense WLAN environment, the WLAN users can suffer from performance degradation due to high co-channel and adjacent-channel interference among APs. To tackling such user performance degradation problem, we propose a two-phase radio resource management (RRM) framework, of which the first phase is channel assignment (CA) and the second phase is user association for channel load balancing (UA-ChLB). In designing the RRM framework, we take account of typical WLAN environment where dual bands are supported and two types of APs coexist: controlled-APs, which are managed by a centralized controller, and stand-alone APs, which independently operate for themselves. The proposed CA method utilizes a channel bonding technique, which provides a high data rate by integrating multiple basic channels while reducing the interference among neighboring APs. The proposed hybrid UA-ChLB scheme, which is composed of distributed/centralized UA-ChLB, efficiently coordinates the channel load among neighboring APs and between two bands of 2.4 and 5 GHz, under consideration of the wireless channel quality, interference, and traffic conditions. We implement a prototype system in practice using the proposed RRM scheme. The experimental results show that the proposed RRM scheme greatly improves both throughput and fairness in dense WLAN environment, as compared with some existing schemes.
Efficacy of tulathromycin in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease associated with induced Mycoplasma bovis infections in young dairy calves. (2005)

The efficacy of tulathromycin in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) due to Mycoplasma bovis was determined following experimental infection. Two highly pathogenic strains of M. bovis (with minimum inhibitory concentration values for tulathromycin of 1 and >64 microg/ml) were inoculated into 145 calves. Four days after inoculation, calves with clinical BRD were treated subcutaneously with saline or tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg). Compared with saline, BRD-related withdrawals, peak rectal temperatures, and lung lesion scores were significantly lower for tulathromycin-treated calves (P < .01). Tulathromycin was highly effective in the treatment of BRD due to M. bovis in calves regardless of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the challenge strain (1 or >64 microg/ml).
Immunostimulatory activity of the heat shock protein DnaK from <i>Francisella tularensis</i> (45.18) (2007)

Abstract Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia, a severe debilitating disease of humans and other mammals. Since this microorganism is also considered as a ‘category A pathogen’ and a potential biowarfare agent, there is a need for an effective vaccine. Several antigens of F. tularensis including the heat shock protein DnaK have been proposed for use in a potential subunit vaccine. In this study we investigated the immunostimulatory properties of F. tularensis DnaK on murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DC). Recombinant DnaK was produced using a bacterial expression system and purified using a three-step purification procedure, i.e., affinity, ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography. DnaK induced DC to produce the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12p40 in a dose dependant manner. DnaK did not induce IL-23p19 production. IL-10 production was low compared to IL-12p40. DnaK also induced DC maturation as demonstrated by an up-regulation of CD40 and CD86 expression. The responses were not mediated by endotoxin contamination, since the immunostimulatory activity of DnaK was resistant to polymixin B treatment, but sensitive to boiling or proteinase K digestion. An understanding of the interactions between virulence antigens of F. tularensis and immune cells is crucial for the development of a safe and efficacious vaccine against F. tularensis.
[Synthesis of fluorinated alkyl alpha-cyanoacrylates: setting an experimental procedure]. (1985)

Synthese des cyano-2 acrylates de trifluoro-2,2,2 ethyle et de pentafluoro-2,2,3,3,3 propyle
A Probabilistic Character Layout Strategy for Mobile Text Entry (1998)

We present a text entry strategy designed for small, input-limited devices in mobile situations. In an existing text entry interaction style, arrow keys move a cursor around the character set, displayed on a 3 or 4 line liquid crystal display, and a select key outputs the highlighted character to the display. The Fluctuating Optimal Character Layout (FOCL) strategy aims to improve entry rates with this interaction technique. After each character c entered, the layout is rearranged so that the most likely next characters are closer to the cursor. Each new layout is optimal with respect to c, given digram (letter-pair) probabilities in common English. FOCL significantly reduces kspc-the average number of keystrokes per character-, a non-empirical measure that partly accounts for text entry speed. However, it also requires the user to locate each character in an unfamiliar layout, thus adding visual search time to the task. In a longitudinal experiment comparing the fluctuating layout approach to a fixed QWERTY layout, we found no significant difference in entry speeds. We discuss our design rationale and various modifications to the design that may yield a performance improvement.
Addition of 3‐thienyllithium to phthalic anhydride: A simple method for the synthesis of 9,10‐dihydro‐4<i>H</i>‐benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2‐<i>b</i>]thiophen‐10‐one (1985)

Abstract Addition of 3‐thienyllithium to phthalic anhydride produces a mixture of materials from which 2‐(3‐thienoyl)benzoic acid was easily separated. Elaboration of the acid side chain and ring closure produced the title compound in good yield.
Development of Internal-Mixer Technology for the Rubber Industry (1992)

Abstract The early rubber industry was largely based on mixing with two-roll mills. The coming of the pneumatic-tire industry associated with the rise in popularity of the automobile brought increasing production and large quantities of fine particles and poisonous vulcanization accelerators. This made necessary the introduction of internal mixers into the rubber industry by the second decade of the 20th century. This paper treats the development of internal mixer technology from its origins in the 19th century to the late 1980's, largely through critically following the patent literature. There seems to be no other critical review of the development of internal mixer technology, and this manuscript is unique. Briefly, the technology development we will describe is as follows: There were two conflicting design approaches, one based upon a single-rotor masticator devised by Thomas Hancock in the early 19th century and a second based upon two nonintermeshing counterrotating rotors which were championed by Paul Pfleiderer later in that century and manufactured by his firm, Werner and Pfleiderer. As late as the mid 1920's, machines based on both the single rotor and two nonintermeshing rotor designs competed with each other for the internal-mixer market. The insight, perseverance, intensity, and dedication of Fernley H. Banbury and the Birmingham Iron Foundry (later merged into Farrel-Birmingham) brought about the design which proved to be the paradigm of the industry. Innovation, however, continued in internal-mixer technology. The most striking new development of the post-Banbury period was the invention and application of intermeshing counter-rotating rotor mixers in 1934 by Rupert Cooke of Francis Shaw and Company. Werner and Pfleiderer developed and worked with many internal-mixer designs and in time began to manufacture both nonintermeshing- and intermeshing-rotor machines. In the 1950's and 1960's, Kobe Steel and Pomini began to manufacture internal mixers as Farrel-Birmingham licensees. This period also saw developments of nonintermeshing-rotor internal mixers. The basic Banbury design maintained its position and its manufacturer, Farrel-Birmingham (later Farrel), devised improvements of it. Innovations in the design were also made from the late 1970's by Kobe Steel, now operating independently. Pomini also began operating independently, manufacturing not only nonintermeshing machines but a unique intermeshing-rotor machine with variable clearance between the rotors. In recent years, we have seen the development of increasingly improved control systems for the internal mixer.
Study on the Specificity of  -Tocopheryl (Vitamin E) Acid Succinate Effects on Melanoma, Glioma and Neuroblastoma Cells in Culture (1983)

d- and dl-alpha-tocopheryl succinate inhibited growth and caused morphological changes in mouse melanoma (B-16), mouse neuroblastoma (NBP2), and rat glioma (C-6) cells in culture. To study whether the effects of alpha-tocopheryl (vitamin E) succinate on tumor cells are mediated by antioxidant mechanisms, the effects of lipid-soluble antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were compared with those of vitamin E succinate. Results showed that these antioxidants produced alterations on the growth and morphology of neuroblastoma, melanoma, and glioma cells which are similar to those produced by vitamin E succinate; however, the extent of the effect depended upon the type of antioxidant and the form of tumor cells. These data suggest that the effects of vitamin E succinate on tumor cells may be mediated, in part, by antioxidant mechanisms.
Intermittent Running and Cognitive Performance after Ketone Ester Ingestion (2018)

Compared with carbohydrate alone, coingestion of a KE by team sport athletes attenuated the rise in plasma lactate concentrations but did not improve shuttle run time to exhaustion or 15-m sprint times during intermittent running. An attenuation of the decline in executive function after exhausting exercise suggests a cognitive benefit after KE ingestion.
ChemInform Abstract: Film Synthesis of Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> and Y<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> by the Spray‐Inductively Coupled Plasma Technique. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structural studies on the polysaccharide portion of "A-band" lipopolysaccharide from a mutant (AK1401) of <i>Pseudomonas</i> <i>aeruginosa</i> strain PAO1 (1991)

AK1401 is a mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 (serotype 05) that does not express O-antigen, but does express "A-band" lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The polysaccharide portion of the A-band LPS (A-PS) from AK1401 was found to consist mainly of D-rhamnose, with smaller amounts of 3-O-methylrhamnose, ribose, mannose, glucose, and a 3-O-methylhexose. 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the intact A-PS indicated that the main structural feature was a repeating trisaccharide of α-D-rhamnose having the following structure:[Formula: see text]The 1 H NMR spectrum of the repeating unit was completely assigned through the use of 2D shift-correlated and relayed coherence transfer NMR spectroscopy. The linkage positions and sequence of residues were found by nuclear Overhauser enhancement difference spectroscopy. Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, lipopolysaccharide, 1 H NMR.
Baseline Levels and Temporal Stability of 27 Multiplexed Serum Cytokine Concentrations in Healthy Subjects (2013)

The current study demonstrated higher variations in cytokine levels among individuals than were observed for samples obtained one week apart from identical donors. These data suggest that a serum sample from each subject for use as a baseline measurement is a better control for clinical trials rather than sera from a paired cohort.
Modulation of interleukin 1 beta gene expression by the immediate early genes of human cytomegalovirus. (1990)

The immediate early (IE) genes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can be expressed in monocytes/macrophages and are known to regulate other viral genes. The purpose of these studies was to determine if HCMV IE gene products also modulate expression of a monocyte/macrophage-derived gene, interleukin 1 (IL-1) beta. Steady-state cell-derived IL-1 beta mRNA was increased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 cells when transfected with the HCMV IE1 + 2 genes, when compared to cells transfected with a control DNA. LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells also exhibited approximately 30-fold higher IL-1 CAT activity when cotransfected with IE1 + 2 than was observed for the same cells cotransfected with IL-1 CAT and a control plasmid containing the IE promoter alone. LPS increased IL-1 CAT activity in the absence of HCMV genes only twofold. IE1, by itself, increased IL-1 CAT activity in LPS-stimulated cells, whereas, IE2, by itself, caused no change in IL-1 CAT activity. These studies show that the IE1 gene of HCMV can regulate IL-1 beta gene expression. The observations further suggest that some of the inflammatory processes associated with HCMV infection may be due to an effect of HCMV IE genes on cell-derived genes, such as the IL-1 beta gene.
IBM Database 2 performance: Design, implementation, and tuning (1984)

The larger and more complex a relational data base, the more efficient the data base management system must be to maintain an acceptable level of performance. The design and implementation of IBM Database 2 (DB2) have been aimed toward this objective. Techniques for achieving this key objective in DB2 are the subject of this paper. Presented are performance-related strategies in query processing and performance-related design tradeoffs. Data base and application design options and their resolution for optimum performance are also discussed. Also presented are techniques to maintain performance by application monitoring and tuning and DB2 system tuning.
Alteration of the Methylation Status of Tumor-Promoting Genes Decreases Prostate Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Tumorigenesis <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2006)

We tested the hypothesis that cell invasiveness and tumorigenesis are driven by hypomethylation of genes involved in tumor progression. Highly invasive human prostate cancer cells PC-3 were treated with either the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) or methyl DNA-binding domain protein 2 antisense oligonucleotide (MBD2-AS). Both treatments resulted in a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of key genes, such as urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor expression to decrease tumor cell invasion in vitro. No change in the levels of expression of genes already known to be methylated in late-stage prostate cancer cells, such as glutathione S-transferase P1 and androgen receptor, was seen. Inoculation of PC-3 cells pretreated with SAM and MBD2-AS into the flank of male BALB/c nu/nu mice resulted in the development of tumors of significantly smaller volume compared with animals inoculated with PC-3 cells treated with vehicle alone or MBD2 scrambled oligonucleotide. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumors showed the ability of SAM and MBD2-AS to significantly decrease tumoral uPA and MMP-2 expression along with levels of angiogenesis and survival pathway signaling molecules. Bisulfite sequencing analysis of tumoral genomic DNA showed that inhibition of both uPA and MMP-2 expression was due to methylation of their 5' regulatory region. These studies support the hypothesis that DNA hypomethylation controls the activation of multiple tumor-promoting genes and provide valuable insight into developing novel therapeutic strategies against this common disease, which target the demethylation machinery.