gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p53 immunoreactivity in primary and metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. (1995)

p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that is overexpressed in a variety of human neoplasms, including prostatic adenocarcinoma. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant positive correlation between extent of p53 overexpression and tumor grade in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Because it appears that mutations of p53 might play a role in the pathogenesis of a subset of biologically aggressive prostatic neoplasms, we sought to examine the frequency of p53 overexpression in primary and metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. Using a monoclonal antibody (D07) directed against both the wild-type and mutant forms of p53, we examined p53 immunoreactivity in 36 cases of primary prostatic adenocarcinoma, 17 cases of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma involving lymph nodes and 15 cases of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma involving bone. Twenty-eight percent (10/36) of the primary tumors displayed nuclear staining for p53. Increased p53 immunoreactivity was observed in only 6% (1/16) of prostatic adenocarcinomas with a total Gleason score of 6 or less, as compared with 45% (9/20) of those adenocarcinomas with a Gleason score of 7 or more. Fifty-nine percent (10/17) of the lymph node metastases and 43% (6/14) of the bone metastases displayed nuclear immunoreactivity for p53. Our results indicate that increased p53 expression is positively correlated with increased histologic grade and with the presence of metastatic disease in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma, and they suggest that mutations of the p53 gene may play a role in mediating the behavior of a biologically aggressive subset of this common neoplasm.
Biological Control of <i>Phytophthora</i> Root Rot of Pepper Using <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> and <i>Streptomyces rochei</i> in Combination (2007)

Abstract A combination of two compatible micro‐organisms, Trichoderma harzianum and Streptomyces rochei , both antagonistic to the pathogen Phytophthora capsici , was used to control root rot in pepper. The population of the pathogen in soil was reduced by 75% as a result. Vegetative growth of the mycelium of P. capsici was inhibited in vitro on the second day after P. capsici and T. harzianum were placed on the opposite sides of the same Petri plate. Trichoderma harzianum was capable of not only arresting the spread of the pathogen from a distance, but also after invading the whole surface of the pathogen colony, sporulating over it. Scanning electron microscopy showed the hyphae of P. capsici surrounded by those of T. harzianum , their subsequent disintegration, and the eventual suppression of the pathogen's growth. Streptomyces rochei produced a zone of inhibition, from which was obtained a compound with antioomycete property secreted by the bacteria. When purified by high‐pressure liquid chromatography, this compound was identified as 1‐propanone, 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl), which seems to be one of the principal compounds involved in the antagonism. A formulation was prepared that maintained the compound's capacity to inhibit growth of the pathogen for up to 2 years when stored at room temperature in the laboratory on a mixture of plantation soil and vermiculite. The two antagonists, added as a compound formulation, were effective at pH from 3.5 to 5.6 at 23–30°C. The optimal dose of the antagonists in the compound formulation was 3.5 × 10 8 spores/ml of T. harzianum and 1.0 × 10 9 FCU/ml of S. rochei . This is the first report of a compound biocontrol formulation of these two antagonists with a potential to control root rot caused by P. capsici .
Assessment of efficacy and psychomotor performances of thiocolchicoside and tizanidine in patients with acute low back pain (2005)

Objectives of this study were to assess efficacy and effects on psychomotor performances of thiocolchicoside (TCC) and tizanidine (TZ) compared to placebo. Patients complaining of acute low back pain (LBP) associated with muscle spasm were enrolled in this randomised, double-blind clinical trial, comparing the effects of oral TCC, TZ and placebo on psychomotor performances assessed by a visual analogue scale of tiredness, drowsiness, dizziness and alertness and by psychometric tests after 2 and 5-7 days of treatment. The efficacy assessments, both TCC and TZ, were more effective than placebo in improving pain at rest, hand-to-floor distance, Schober test and decreased paracetamol consumption. There were significant differences among the treatment groups in favour of TCC compared to TZ in visual analog scale-parameters. TZ-induced reduction of psychomotor performances of the patients was confirmed by psychometric tests, which showed significant differences among groups. This study showed that TCC is at least as effective as TZ in the treatment of acute LBP, while it appears devoid of any sedative effect in contrast to TZ.
Procura: a project management model of concurrent planning and design (2002)

Procura is a Project Management model which allows the planning and scheduling of agent based design projects in a hierarchical top-down approach. Since the information which is available while the top-level planning and scheduling is done is usually incomplete, the decisions made at this level will often need to be revised as soon as more information becomes available, and conditions change. Procura facilitates the necessary replanning, making use of Redux' (Petrie, 1993), a design support tool which can keep track of decisions, rejection of decisions, and their rationales. In the Procura model, Redux' tracks planning and scheduling decisions as well as the actual design decisions, there by integrating planning, scheduling and design, and supporting a notification system which keeps all involved agents (designers as well as scheduling agents) informed about occurring changes.
A Hybrid Detection Algorithm for MIMO Systems (2006)

In this contribution, a hybrid detection algorithm based on QR decomposition for MIMO systems is proposed to reduce the complexity of the MIMO detection algorithm. The proposed algorithm combines vector searching with DF (decision feedback) technique to improve the reliability of the detected signals and meanwhile holds a low computational complexity. The computational complexity and BER performance can be controlled through setting different values to the parameters in the algorithm to satisfy complexity and performance requirements. In this paper, the performance and the complexity are analyzed in MIMO system with different modulation scheme
Précis of<i>The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal system</i> (1982)

Abstract A model of the neuropsychology of anxiety is proposed. The model is based in the first instance upon an analysis of the behavioural effects of the antianxiety drugs (benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol) in animals. From such psychopharmacologi-cal experiments the concept of a “behavioural inhibition system” (BIS) has been developed. This system responds to novel stimuli or to those associated with punishment or nonreward by inhibiting ongoing behaviour and increasing arousal and attention to the environment. It is activity in the BIS that constitutes anxiety and that is reduced by antianxiety drugs. The effects of the antianxiety drugs in the brain also suggest hypotheses concerning the neural substrate of anxiety. Although the benzodiazepines and barbiturates facilitate the effects of γ-aminobutyrate, this is insufficient to explain their highly specific behavioural effects. Because of similarities between the behavioural effects of certain lesions and those of the antianxiety drugs, it is proposed that these drugs reduce anxiety by impairing the functioning of a widespread neural system including the septo-hippocampal system (SHS), the Papez circuit, the prefrontal cortex, and ascending monoaminergic and cholinergic pathways which innervate these forebrain structures. Analysis of the functions of this system (based on anatomical, physiological, and behavioural data) suggests that it acts as a comparator: it compares predicted to actual sensory events and activates the outputs of the BIS when there is a mismatch or when the predicted event is aversive. Suggestions are made as to the functions of particular pathways within this overall brain system. The resulting theory is applied to the symptoms and treatment of anxiety in man, its relations to depression, and the personality of individuals who are susceptible to anxiety or depression.
Sodium bicarbonate reduces viability and alters aflatoxin distribution of Aspergillus parasiticus in Czapek's agar (1987)

The potential of sodium bicarbonate to inhibit growth of and aflatoxin synthesis by Aspergillus parasiticus was examined in Czapek's agar (CA), a medium in which fluorescence under UV light indicates aflatoxin production. Incorporation of sodium bicarbonate (SB) into CA at 0.011, 0.022, and 0.033 mol% reduced cell viability 63-, 10(3)-, and greater than 10(7)-fold, respectively. Colonies resulting from surviving cells did not fluoresce under UV light, but thin-layer chromatography analysis of culture extracts detected aflatoxins. Potassium bicarbonate (KB) at 0.011 and 0.022 mol% produced inhibitory effects similar to those of SB, but NaCl and silica had no effect. After 7 days, control cultures had the normal aflatoxin distribution (B1 greater than G1 greater than B2 greater than G2), but this distribution shifted to B2 greater than B1 approximately equal to G2 greater than G1 during prolonged incubation. Cultures supplemented with SB and KB contained mostly aflatoxins B1 and G1 after 28 days. Both SB and KB raised the pH of CA to 7.5 to 8.5 at the time of growth. Culture growth on CA adjusted to pH 7.5 to 8.5 with NaOH was not inhibited but exhibited reduced fluorescence and elevated levels of aflatoxins B1 and G1. Thus, while bicarbonate inhibition of growth could not be attributed to pH elevation, the lack of culture fluorescence on CA-SB and CA-KB and the altered aflatoxin distribution were caused by the ability of SB and KB to elevate pH.
Korean Culture and Society (2016)

Since the late 1990s, South Korea has emerged as a new center for the production of transnational popular culture referred to as the “Korean Wave” or “Hallyu,” including TV dramas, K-pop music, films, animation, online games, smartphones, fashion, cosmetics, food and lifestyles. National images of Korean society were negatively associated with, and limited to, the demilitarized zone, division and political disturbances, but such images are gradually giving way to the vitality of trendy, transnational entertainers and cutting-edge technology in a digital, cosmopolitan world. The success of Korean popular culture overseas is drawing an unfamiliar spotlight on a culture that was once colonized or overshadowed for centuries by powerful countries and has long been under the influence of Western and Japanese cultural products. Digital mobile generations look for diverse sources of entertainment, culture and identity, not necessarily American or European. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.
Optimum quantizers and permutation codes (1972)

Amplitude quantization and permutation encoding are two of the many approaches to efficient digitization of analog data. It is shown in this paper that these seemingly different approaches actually are equivalent in the sense that their optimum rate versus distortion performances are identical. Although this equivalence becomes exact only when the quantizer output is perfectly entropy coded and the permutation code block length is infinite, it nonetheless has practical consequences both for quantization and for permutation encoding. In particular, this equivalence permits us to deduce that permutation codes provide a readily implementable block-coding alternative to buffer-instrumented variable-length codes. Moreover, the abundance of methods in the literature for optimizing quantizers with respect to various criteria can be translated directly into algorithms for generating source permutation codes that are optimum for the same purposes. The optimum performance attainable with quantizers (hence, permutation codes) of a fixed entropy rate is explored too. The investigation reveals that quantizers with uniformly spaced thresholds are quasi-optimum with considerable generality, and are truly optimum in the mean-squared sense for data having either an exponential or a Laplacian distribution. An attempt is made to provide some analytical insight into why simple uniform quantization is so good so generally.
Synthesis of Alkyl and Substituted Alkyl Fluorides from p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Esters. The Preparation of p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Esters of Lower Alcohols<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Alkyl and Substituted Alkyl Fluorides from p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Esters. The Preparation of p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Esters of Lower Alcohols1Walter F. Edgell and L. PartsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 18, 4899–4902Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01623a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01623a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1380Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Power supply for electroluminescence aiming integrated circuit (2003)

For promoting the application of electroluminescent (EL) devices, a thin-plate-typ DC-AC converter is required. For this purpose, a novel type of power supply that uses switched capacitor (SC) transformers is presented. This power supply generates on AC voltage of more than 100 V with several hundred hertz by using two types of SC transformers. This scheme has the following advantages: (1) it operates on a low battery voltage, (2) it realizes a very large transformer ratio, (3) it is capable of realization in an IC form as a thin plate type power supply that is capable of being unified onto the back of an EL device, and (4) it generates a sinusoidal voltage in a novel way by selection of voltages. The circuit configurations, operations, and basic experimental results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dehydrogenation of Ethane to Ethylene by CO2 over Highly Dispersed Cr on Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Catalysts (2020)

A series of large-pore mesoporous silica (LPMS)-supported CrOx catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal and impregnation methods and tested for ethane dehydrogenation in the presence of CO2 as an oxidant. To assess the effect of hydrothermal temperature treatment on the characteristics of LPMS support, different hydrothermal temperatures (100–160 °C) were studied and optimized. The optimum support was then loaded with different amounts of chromium (0, 2, 4, 8, and 11 wt % Cr). The obtained catalysts were characterized by different techniques such as XRD, BET, TEM, SEM, XPS, FTIR, and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy. The characterization results indicated that the sample hydrothermally treated at 130 °C exhibited the highest pore volume, a narrow pore size distribution, and a moderate BET surface area. Chromium species with various oxidation states including Cr3+, Cr6+, and α-Cr2O3 were detected in all synthesized Cr(y)/LPMS-130 catalysts. A lower Cr content resulted in the formation of Cr6+, whereas a higher Cr content dominated the α-Cr2O3 on the surface of the catalyst. Among the synthesized catalysts, the Cr(4)/LPMS-130 catalyst showed the highest Cr6+/Cr3+ ratio, indicating a good dispersion of chromium species along with a fine particle size. The ethane conversion and ethylene selectivity were 50.5 and 91.1% for Cr(4)/LPMS-130, respectively. Carbon dioxide was believed to supply enough lattice oxygen to maintain the Cr species at a higher oxidation state and to consume the hydrogen resulting from ethane cracking by a reverse water gas shift reaction.
Measurement of Carrier Mobility in Silicon Nanowires (2008)

We report the first direct capacitance measurements of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and the consequent determination of field carrier mobilities in undoped-channel SiNW field-effect transistors (FETs) at room temperature. We employ a two-FET method for accurate extraction of the intrinsic channel resistance and intrinsic channel capacitance of the SiNWs. The devices used in this study were fabricated using a top-down method to create SiNW FETs with up to 1000 wires in parallel for increasing the raw capacitance while maintaining excellent control on device dimensions and series resistance. We found that, compared with the universal mobility curves for bulk silicon, the electron and hole mobilities in nanowires are comparable to those of the surface orientation that offers a lower mobility.
HLA-DR alleles differ in their ability to present staphylococcal enterotoxins to T cells. (1990)

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) have been shown to bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II proteins and stimulate T cells in a V beta-specific manner, and these V beta specificities for various SEs have been well documented in mice and humans. This study was undertaken in order to examine the ability of human class II molecules to present SEs to human and murine T cell hybridomas. Using a panel of transfectants expressing individual HLA class II antigens, we have shown that HLA-DR alleles differ in their ability to bind and present SEs. Since the HLA-DR proteins share a common alpha chain, these results indicate that the polymorphic beta chain plays an important role in SE binding and presentation to T cells. In addition, we have shown that human class II isotypes markedly differ in their ability to present SEs. The results of this study should provide information on the region of MHC class II molecules that interacts with foreign, and perhaps self, super-antigens.
Endothelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibits glioma angiogenesis and normalizes tumor blood vessels by inducing PDGF-B expression (2012)

Endothelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling is necessary for angiogenesis of the central nervous system and blood-brain barrier (BBB) differentiation, but its relevance for glioma vascularization is unknown. In this study, we show that doxycycline-dependent Wnt1 expression in subcutaneous and intracranial mouse glioma models induced endothelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling and led to diminished tumor growth, reduced vascular density, and normalized vessels with increased mural cell attachment. These findings were corroborated in GL261 glioma cells intracranially transplanted in mice expressing dominant-active β-catenin specifically in the endothelium. Enforced endothelial β-catenin signaling restored BBB characteristics, whereas inhibition by Dkk1 (Dickkopf-1) had opposing effects. By overactivating the Wnt pathway, we induced the Wnt/β-catenin-Dll4/Notch signaling cascade in tumor endothelia, blocking an angiogenic and favoring a quiescent vascular phenotype, indicated by induction of stalk cell genes. We show that β-catenin transcriptional activity directly regulated endothelial expression of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B), leading to mural cell recruitment thereby contributing to vascular quiescence and barrier function. We propose that reinforced Wnt/β-catenin signaling leads to inhibition of angiogenesis with normalized and less permeable vessels, which might prove to be a valuable therapeutic target for antiangiogenic and edema glioma therapy.
Involvement of an early human cytomegalovirus function in reactivation of quiescent herpes simplex virus type 2 (1981)

We have previously described an in vitro system in which the function lacking for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) replication can be induced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The mechanism of this reactivation of quiescent HSV-2 by HCMV has been further defined. The HCMV function(s) responsible for HSV-2 stimulation was examined temporally, and the fraction of cells in quiescent cultures producing HSV-2 after superinfection was determined. Using independent biological, genetic and molecular techniques we have made the following observations. (i) As early as 12 h after HCMV superinfection, HSV-2 RNA was expressed in latently infected cells. (ii) At 24 h after HCMV superinfection, a time when newly synthesized HCMV was not yet apparent, infectious HSV-2 was produced by reactivated cultures. (iii) Four HCMV temperature-sensitive mutants, which are DNA-negative at nonpermissive temperature and represent four different complementation groups, induced reactivation of HSV-2 at 39.5 degrees C. (iv) Early after HCMV superinfection, 1.6% of quiescent cells could be induced to transcribe HSV-2 information. (v) Early after HCMV superinfection, 0.3% of cells in the quiescent cultures could be induced to yield infectious HSV-2. The finding that a significant interaction can occur between HCMV and quiescent HSV-2 in an in vitro model is noteworthy in light of the knowledge that both of these herpesviruses often reside simultaneously in the human host.
School Counselors as Leaders for Social Justice and Equity (2021)

The demographics of public schools in the United States have changed immensely since the peak of the Civil Rights Era in 1968 from a majority White population to a nearly 50% heterogenous mix of Culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students.Culturally and Linguistically Diverse students face longstanding issues of inequity within public schools in the United States.Culturally responsive school leadership is one method to address and redress the longstanding inequities for CLD students.School counselors are uniquely positioned to bridge the multicultural and social justice leadership practices to traditional models of school leadership based on their training, access to school-wide data and infusion of Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (Ratts and Greenleaf, 2017).This conceptual article seeks to promote school counselors as culturally responsive school leaders by revealing their training and skillsets through a Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies framework.
Strongly Interacting Photons in a Nonlinear Cavity (1997)

We consider the dynamics of single photons in a nonlinear optical cavity. When the Kerr nonlinearities of atomic dark resonances are utilized, the cavity mode is well described by a spin- $1/2$ Hamiltonian. We show that it is possible to achieve coherent control of the cavity-mode wave function using $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses for single photons that switch the state of the cavity with very high accuracy. The underlying physics is best understood as the nonlinearity induced anticorrelation between single-photon injection/emission events, which we refer to as photon blockade. We also propose a method which uses these strong dispersive interactions to realize a single-photon turnstile device.
Ductile van der Waals materials (2020)

Normally brittle, single crystals of InSe can be mechanically rolled like a metal into thin films