gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II Binds to Raf-1 and Modulates Integrin-stimulated ERK Activation (2003)

Integrin activation generates different signalings in a cell type-dependent manner and stimulates cell proliferation through the Ras/Raf-1/Mek/Erk pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that integrin stimulation by fibronectin (FN), besides activating the Ras/Erk pathway, generates an auxiliary calcium signal that activates calmodulin and the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). This signal regulates Raf-1 activation by Ras and modulates the FN-stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk-1/2). The binding of soluble FN to integrins induced increase of intracellular calcium concentration associated with phosphorylation and activation of CaMKII. In two different cell lines, inhibition of CaMKII activity by specific inhibitors inhibited Erk-1/2 phosphorylation. Whereas CaMK inhibition affected neither integrin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation nor p21Ras or Mek-1 activity, it was necessary for Raf-1 activity. FN-induced Raf-1 activity was abrogated by the CaMKII specific inhibitory peptide ant-CaNtide. Integrin activation by FN induced the formation of a Raf-1/CaMKII complex, abrogated by inhibition of CaMKII. Active CaMKII phosphorylated Raf-1 in vitro. This is the first demonstration that CaMKII interplays with Raf-1 and regulates Erk activation induced by Ras-stimulated Raf-1. These findings also provide evidence supporting the possible existence of cross-talk between other intracellular pathways involving CaMKII and Raf-1.
TGFβ1-Mediated SMAD3 Enhances PD-1 Expression on Antigen-Specific T Cells in Cancer (2016)

Engagement of the coinhibitory receptor PD-1 or its ligand, PD-L1, dramatically inhibits the antitumor function of TILs within the TME. Our findings represent a novel immunosuppressive function of TGFβ and demonstrate that TGFβ1 allows tumors to evade host immune responses in part through enhanced SMAD3-mediated PD-1 expression on TILs. Cancer Discov; 6(12); 1366-81. ©2016 AACRThis article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1293.
A Newly Identified MAGE-3-Derived, HLA-A24-Restricted Peptide Is Naturally Processed and Presented as a CTL Epitope on MAGE-3-Expressing Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells (2006)

The newly identified MAGE-3(113)-peptide epitope is naturally processed and presented as the CTL epitope on MAGE-3-expressing gastrointestinal cancer cells, indicating that anti-MAGE-3 immune targeting with the MAGE-3(113) peptide is a promising approach for treatment.
High speed peer-to-peer communications based bus protection (2002)

The paper presents high-speed peer-to-peer communications based on GOMSFE (Generic Object Models for Substation and Feeder Equipment) combined with advanced high-speed methods for directional detection which allow the development of a distributed bus protection without the need for any additional hardware in the substation. The paper presents advanced methods for determining the direction of the fault based on superimposed components of the currents and voltages calculated by the protective relay. The exchange of directional detection information between relays using advanced transient energy method and a bay controller implementing the distributed bus protection function is described later in the paper. Superimposed components based directional detection methods provide significant advantages in operating speed, while at the same time they do not use polarizing quantities and are not affected by system conditions. The testing of peer-to-peer communications and superimposed components based protection systems is discussed at the end of the paper.
Phosphorylation of the fused protein kinase in response to signaling from hedgehog. (1996)

The hedgehog gene (hh) of Drosophila melanogaster exerts both short- and long-range effects on cell patterning during development. The product of hedgehog is a secreted protein that apparently acts by triggering an intra-cellular signaling pathway, but little is known about the details of that pathway. The Drosophila gene fused (fu) encodes a serine/threonine-protein kinase that genetic experiments have implicated in signaling initiated by hedgehog. Here we report that the fused protein is phosphorylated during the course of Drosophila embryogenesis, as a result of hedgehog activity. In cell culture, phosphorylation of fused protein occurs in response to the biologically active form of hedgehog and cannot be blocked by activation of protein kinase A, which is thought to be an antagonist of signaling from hedgehog. These results suggest that fused and protein kinase A function downstream of hedgehog but in parallel pathways that eventually converge distal to fused. The reconstruction of signaling from hedgehog in cell culture should provide further access to the mechanisms by which hedgehog acts.
A hybrid system for seismic section segmentation controlled by an iterative quadtree construction algorithm (2002)

Present a hybrid system for seismic section segmentation that combines texture image classification using artificial neural networks and rule-based seismic section interpretation. In this system, ideal texture events are first extracted from a digitized seismic section using two-dimensional (2D) convolution masks. These texture feature measures are the input later in segmentation to a set of trained artificial neural networks to produce quantitative image descriptions that can be used directly in rule-based seismic section interpretation. The overall segmentation process is controlled by an iterative quadtree construction algorithm under which the image data are analyzed and interpreted at different spatial resolution levels in an iterative fashion.
Content based Video Retrieval Systems - Methods, Techniques, Trends and Challenges (2015)

Content Based Video Retrieval (CBVR) has been increasingly used to describe the process of retrieving desired videos from a large collection on the basis of features that are extracted from the videos. The extracted features are used to index, classify and retrieve desired and relevant videos while filtering out undesired ones. Videos can be represented by their audio, texts, faces and objects in their frames. An individual video possesses unique motion features, color histograms, motion histograms, text features, audio features, features extracted from faces and objects existing in its frames. Videos containing useful information and occupying significant space in the databases are under-utilized unless CBVR systems capable of retrieving desired videos by sharply selecting relevant while filtering out undesired videos exist. Results have shown performance improvement (higher precision and recall values) when features suitable to particular types of videos are utilized wisely. Various combinations of these features can also be used to achieve desired performance. In this paper a complex and wide area of CBVR and CBVR systems has been presented in a comprehensive and simple way. Processes at different stages in CBVR systems are described in a systematic way. Types of features, their combinations and their utilization methods, techniques and algorithms are also shown. Various querying methods, some of the features like GLCM, Gabor Magnitude, algorithm to obtain similarity like Kullback-Leibler distance method and Relevance Feedback Method are discussed.
Investigations on an Early-Reflection-Free Model for BRIRs (2010)

Different methods of modeling reverberation tails of binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs) are investigated. The interaural coherence as a function of time and frequency is identified as an important measure describing the interaural properties of BRIR tails. Synthetic BRIR tails were generated based on white Gaussian noise filtered to match the energy decay relief (EDR) and the interaural coherence (IC) of the original BRIR tails. Different methods of IC matching were applied and the EDR was sufficiently smoothed in time to avoid modeling the temporal envelope variations due to early reflections. A subjective test was carried out to investigate the perceived difference between original BRIRs and BRIRs with modeled tails starting at different split points, that is, considering none or various early reflections, and to study the influence of frequency-dependent interaural coherence matching compared to frequency-independent IC matching. A second subjective test was performed to investigate the potential for improvement in the case when no early reflections are taken from the original BRIR and the tails are modeled considering also the time dependence of the interaural coherence.
Regulatory effect of microRNA-135a on the Th1/Th2 imbalance in a murine model of allergic rhinitis (2014)

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is primarily caused by a T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 imbalance. In a murine AR model of a previous study, the serum ovalbumin (OVA)-sIgE concentration was high, whereas microRNA (miR)-135a was lowly expressed in the nasal mucosa. The abnormal expression pattern of miR-135a coincided with highly expressed endogenous factors, including GATA binding protein (GATA)-3 and interleukin (IL)-4, and lowly expressed factors, including T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) and interferon (IFN)-γ. We hypothesized that miR-135a may play an important role in immune regulation in AR mice. In the present study, AR was induced by OVA in the mice. Two groups of the AR mice were treated with a miR-135a mimic and a mimic control, respectively. The serum and nasal mucosa were collected for analysis. Following miR-135a application, the serum OVA-sIgE concentration was significantly reduced. In the nasal mucosa, the expression levels of miR-135a were higher, the mRNA and protein expression levels of GATA-3 and IL-4 were lower, and the expression levels of T-bet and IFN-γ were higher. The miR-135a corrected the Th1/Th2 imbalance in the AR mice. Findings of this study may provide a basis for novel genetic treatments in addressing allergic diseases.
Adsorption of DNA to Mica, Silylated Mica, and Minerals: Characterization by Atomic Force Microscopy (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption of DNA to Mica, Silylated Mica, and Minerals: Characterization by Atomic Force MicroscopyMagdalena Bezanilla, Srinivas Manne, Daniel E. Laney, Yuri L. Lyubchenko, and Helen G. HansmaCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 2, 655–659Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00002a050https://doi.org/10.1021/la00002a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1818Altmetric-Citations220LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Record and play: a structural fixed point iteration for sequential circuit verification (1997)

This paper proposes a technique for sequential logic equivalence checking by a structural fixed point iteration. Verification is performed by expanding the circuit into an iterative circuit array and by proving equivalence of each time frame by well-known combinational verification techniques. These exploit structural similarity between designs by local circuit transformations. Starting from the initial state, for each time frame the performed circuit transformations are stored (recorded) in an instruction queue. In subsequent time frames the instruction queue is re-used (played) and updated when necessary. At some point the instruction queue does not need to be modified any more and is valid in all subsequent time frames. Thus, a fixed point is reached and machine equivalence is proved by induction. Experimental results show the great promise of this approach to verify circuits after resynthesis and retiming.
Cholesterol 7α-Hydroxylase Activity is Increased by Dietary Modification with Psyllium Hydrocolloid, Pectin, Cholesterol and Cholestyramine in Rats (1995)

Sources of dietary fiber known to alter cholesterol metabolism and/or bile acid pool size were fed to rats, and activity of the rate-limiting step in bile acid synthesis, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, was measured. In the first experiment, semipurified diets containing 5% cellulose, psyllium hydrocolloid, pectin or oat bran as dietary fiber sources or 2% cholestyramine were fed to groups of 10 male Wistar rats for 4 wk. In the second experiment, groups of six rats were fed diets containing 5% cellulose, rice bran, oat bran or psyllium with and without 0.25% cholesterol. In the first experiment, the activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (pmol.min-1.mg protein-1) was highest in the cholestyramine-treated group (95.6 +/- 3.6), followed by groups fed psyllium (35.5 +/- 3.5) or pectin (36.0 +/- 4.5), which exhibited more than twice the enzyme activity of groups fed cellulose (16.9 +/- 1.9) or oat bran (12.3 +/- 2.0). In the second experiment, feeding cholesterol resulted in significantly higher enzyme activity when cellulose (65%), oat bran (118%) and rice bran (60%) were fed, but no difference in activity was observed when cholesterol was added to the psyllium-containing diet. Higher activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase when pectin or psyllium rather than cellulose was fed may explain the almost twofold higher bile acid pool sizes previously reported in response to feeding either of these fibers. These data support the hypothesis that the hypocholesterolemic effect of soluble fibers is modulated through increased synthesis and therefore pool size of bile acids.
Formation of Nanopillar Arrays in Ultrathin Viscous Films: The Critical Role of Thermocapillary Stresses (2009)

Experiments by several groups during the past decade have shown that a molten polymer nanofilm subject to a large transverse thermal gradient undergoes spontaneous formation of periodic nanopillar arrays. The prevailing explanation is that coherent reflections of acoustic phonons within the film cause a periodic modulation of the radiation pressure which enhances pillar growth. By exploring a deformational instability of particular relevance to nanofilms, we demonstrate that thermocapillary forces play a crucial role in the formation process. Analytic and numerical predictions show good agreement with the pillar spacings obtained in experiment. Simulations of the interface equation further determine the rate of pillar growth of importance to technological applications.
A Novel Application of Zero‐Current‐Switching Quasiresonant Buck Converter for Battery Chargers (2011)

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a novel application of a resonant switch converter for battery chargers. A zero‐current‐switching (ZCS) converter with a quasiresonant converter (QRC) was used as the main structure. The proposed ZCS dc–dc battery charger has a straightforward structure, low cost, easy control, and high efficiency. The operating principles and design procedure of the proposed charger are thoroughly analyzed. The optimal values of the resonant components are computed by applying the characteristic curve and electric functions derived from the circuit configuration. Experiments were conducted using lead‐acid batteries. The optimal parameters of the resonance components were determined using the load characteristic curve diagrams. These values enable the battery charger to turn on and off at zero current, resulting in a reduction of switching losses. The results of the experiments show that when compared with the traditional pulse‐width‐modulation (PWM) converter for a battery charger, the buck converter with a zero‐ current‐switching quasiresonant converter can lower the temperature of the activepower switch.
Boulevard of Broken Dreams: Drug Approval for Older Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2012)

weeks) plus supportive care or supportive care alone; almost all patients randomly assigned to the control arm (88%) received LDAC. The primary end point was overall survival. With 485 patients enrolled, the hazard ratio for death for decitabine therapy compared with that for control therapy at the time of the preplanned end point was nonsignificant (0.85; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.04; P .11), although the complete remission rate in the decitabine arm was more than double that in the control arm (16% v 7%), and the observed median overall survival time was numerically higher in the decitabine arm (7.7 v 5.0 months). Why did decitabine join the ranks of tipifarnib (Zarnestra; Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ), clofarabine (Clolar; Genzyme, Cambridge, MA), and laromustine (Onrigin; Vion Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT) in failing to convince an FDA panel of its favorable efficacy and safety profile in a population of older and frailer patients with AML who so clearly need additional therapies? There were, of course, factors specific to the negative decision for each of these drugs.
Traffic Flow Detection Using Distributed Fiber Optic Acoustic Sensing (2018)

This paper proposes a novel method for traffic flow detection using distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS). Different from the traditional traffic flow detection method, this method detects the traffic vibration signal using a fiber optic cable. Distributed fiber-optic acoustic sensing technology can provide fully distributed acoustic information along the entire fiber link, and thus external acoustic signals from an arbitrary point can be detected and located. This paper uses DAS to obtain traffic vibration data. Using the characteristics of traffic vibration data, this paper proposes an improved wavelet threshold algorithm and an improved dual-threshold algorithm and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of these methods. Finally, the experimental results from a vehicle-counting test show that the counting error is smaller for a single vehicle passing through the detection area and that the counting error is larger if multiple vehicles pass through the detection area continuously. In vehicle speed estimation, the results show good accuracy, and the error range is controlled to less than 6%.
MR microscopy of lung airways with hyperpolarized <sup>3</sup>He (1998)

A technique using hyperpolarized (HP) 3He to image the small airways of the lung by using moderate flip angles and a short scanning period during early inspiration is demonstrated. Flip angles (alpha) ranging from 10-90 degrees were used in guinea pig experiments with scanning during the entire inspiration period. A second series acquired data throughout a short window of the ventilatory cycle with alpha = 45 degrees. The success of the animal studies has motivated implementation of similar imaging techniques in the clinical arena. Human studies involved imaging over the total inspiration period with alpha approximately 10 degrees. The first series of guinea pig experiments demonstrated that larger flip angles (50-90 degrees) destroy the magnetization before it reaches the smaller airways. At moderate flip angles (20-40 degrees), airway branching down to the fourth generation was apparent. Fifth-order branchings were seen in the images of the second series. The trachea down to fourth generation pulmonary airway branching, along with some distal air spaces, was seen in the human lung images.
EFFECT OF INERTIAL STRESS ON FORMATION OF FIBER STRUCTURE IN HIGH SPEED MELT SPINNING (1983)

Measurements of spinning stress on filaments and birefringence of filaments in high speed melt spinning are reported. The air drag and the inertia contributions to the spinning stress are dominant factors in high speed spinning. The inertial stress plays an important role in the formation of fiber structure, since the air drag causes small effect on its formation. Linear relationships between the inertial stress and the birefringence of fibers were found in many polymers, namely, polyesters, polyolefins and nylons. The extent of slopes in such linear relations is associated with the crystallization mechanisms and the resulting fiber morphology.
Serine- and SH-proteinase inhibitors from Enterolobium contortisiliquum beans. Purification and preliminary characterization. (1987)

Two types of proteinase inhibitors were purified from Enterolobium contortisiliquum beans. The inhibitor of serine-proteinases inhibited trypsin (Ki = 5 nM), chymotrypsin (Ki = 10 nM) and plasma kallikrein, but not tissue kallikreins. The molecular weight is approximately 23 kDal and two polypeptide chains are detected after reduction. The second inhibitor with activity directed against SH-proteinases was isolated by CM-papain-Sepharose. The molecular weight is approximately 60 kDal and only one polypeptide chain was detected after reduction. Papain (Ki = 0.6 nM) and bromelain are inhibited.
Dispersion enhancement of the nonlinear electro-optical effect (2006)

It is proposed for the first time how an electrically poled chirped Bragg grating in an optical fiber may be used for creating efficient, electrically controllable optical fiber delay lines. The tunable range for the delay can be chosen by fixing the chirp rate of the Bragg grating. Additionally, strain and temperature may be used to change the centre wavelength of the delay line. Dispersion may also be used to increase phase-modulation in nonlinear optical fibers.
Pancreatic Islet-cell Antibodies in Diabetes Mellitus Correlated with the Duration and Type of Diabetes, Coexistent Autoimmune Disease, and HLA Type (1977)

In a study of 972 patients with diabetes mellitus, humoral pancreatic islet-cell antibodies (I.C.Ab.) were detected in highest prevalence in insulin-treated diabetics with (38 per cent) and without (22 per cent) associated overt organ-specific autoimmune disease (A.I.D.) where consideration was not given to the duration of diabetes. They were also detected in 8 per cent of diabetics treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (O.H.A.), but not in diabetics requiring diet alone and in only 0.5 per cent of 434 control subjects. Six per cent of 522 patients with overt organ-specific A.I.D. but not diagnosed to be diabetic had I.C.Ab.s. I.C.Ab.s were present in the sera of 2 per cent of 157 first-degree relatives of I.C.Ab.-positive subjects. In insulin-treated diabetics and, to a lesser extent, in diabetics not requiring insulin, the prevalence of humoral I.C.Ab. was strongly dependent of the duration of the diabetes, being 60 per cent during the first year from diagnosis in the insulin-treated group and falling to 20 per cent at two to five years and to 5 per cent at 10-20 years. The prevalence of I.C.Ab. in insulin-treated diabetics showed no correlation with the patient's age at the time of testing when the duration of diabetes was taken into account. Diabetics who did not require insulin for treatment but who were I.C.Ab.-positive showed a significant tendency to subsequently require insulin and to have a higher prevalence of other autoantibodies than insulin-independent diabetics who were I.C.Ab.-negative. Persistence of I.C.Ab. for more than five years from diagnosis of diabetes was associated with coexistent overt organ-specific A.I.D. and with HLA-B8, A1, and A1 + B8.