gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Renal function in patients with urinary stones of varying compositions (2011)

Kidney stones are a potential risk factor for chronic kidney disease. The impact of different urinary stone components on renal function is unknown. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 1,918 medical records of patients with urolithiasis. The renal function was evaluated as estimated glomerular filtration rate. All the stones were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The patients were divided into five groups according to the stone components. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance. All the patients with stones had Stage 2-3 chronic kidney disease. The patients with uric acid and struvite stones had significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate compared with those having other stone components (p<0.01). Furthermore, the patients with calcium-containing stones (calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate) had significantly better renal function than those with non-calcium-containing stones (struvite and uric acid, p<0.01). Patients with urolithiasis had decreased renal function, and the impact of renal function varied depending on the stone components. We conclude that stone analysis is important in predicting the change in renal function in patients with urolithiasis. Moreover, the patients with non-calcium-containing stones, such as struvite and uric acid stones, should be carefully evaluated and treated to preserve their renal function.
Marker-free monitoring of the grandstand structures and modal identification using computer vision methods (2018)

In this study, a vision-based multi-point structural dynamic monitoring framework is proposed. This framework aims to solve issues in current vision-based structural health monitoring. Limitations are due to manual markers, single-point monitoring, and synchronization between a multiple-camera setup and a sensor network. The proposed method addresses the first issue using virtual markers—features extracted from an image—instead of physical manual markers. The virtual markers can be selected according to each scenario, which makes them versatile. The framework also overcomes the issue of single-point monitoring by utilizing an advanced visual tracking algorithm based on optical flow, allowing multi-point displacement measurements. Besides, a synchronization mechanism between a multiple-camera setup and a sensor network is built. The proposed method is first tested on a grandstand simulator located in the laboratory. The experiment is to verify the performance of displacement measurement of the proposed method and conduct structural identification of the grandstand through multi-point displacement records. The results from the proposed method are then compared to the data gathered by traditional displacement sensors and accelerometers. A second experiment is conducted at a stadium during a football game to validate the feasibility of field application and the operational modal identification of the stadium under human crowd jumping through the measured displacement records. From these experiments, it is concluded that the proposed method can be employed to identify modal parameters for structural health monitoring.
Synthesis of epindolidione (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of epindolidioneEdward E. Jaffe and Howard MatrickCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 11, 4004–4010Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01275a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01275a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views561Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phenotype and proliferation of early B lymphocyte precursor cells in mouse bone marrow. (1987)

Bone marrow cells were examined by double immunofluorescent labeling techniques to detect determinants for the B lineage monoclonal antibody, 14.8, the nuclear enzyme, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), cytoplasmic mu chains (c mu), and surface mu (s mu). In 8-9-wk-old C3H/HeJ mice, 14.8+ cells totalled 22.2% of all marrow cells (35 X 10(5) cells/femur). While many 14.8+ cells were c mu+ s mu- pre-B cells and s mu+ B lymphocytes (17.0%), the remainder (5.2%) were large cells lacking mu chains. After injecting vincristine sulfate, these 14.8+ mu- cells accumulated in mitosis at a rate of 13.5%/h (turnover time, 7.4 h). Their calculated total production rate (41 X 10(6) cells/whole marrow/d) exceeded that previously determined for large pre-B cells, suggesting some cell loss from the B lineage. TdT+ cells made up 1.8% of marrow cells and were mainly medium-sized cells. They all lacked mu chains, but half (0.9%) bound 14.8 antibody at low to medium intensity. Three discrete cell populations were thus defined, differing in mean cell diameter TdT+ 14.8- mu-, 9.5 micron; TdT+ 14.8+ mu-, 10 microns; and TdT- 14.8+ mu-, 11.5 micron, presumptively representing a sequence of cell stages preceding the expression of mu chains in large pre-B cells (TdT- 14.8+ c mu+ s mu-, 11.5 microns). This work provides a tentative model of early progenitor cells and their proliferation in normal marrow as a basis for studies of perturbations and the control of B lymphocytopoiesis.
RNA degradation compromises the reliability of microRNA expression profiling (2009)

MicroRNA expression cannot be reliably profiled in degraded total RNA. For the profiling of microRNAs we recommend use of RNA samples with a RNA integrity number equal to or above seven.
Compact instrument for fluorescence image-guided surgery (2010)

Fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) is an emerging technique in oncology, neurology, and cardiology. To adapt intraoperative imaging for various surgical applications, increasingly flexible and compact FIGS instruments are necessary. We present a compact, portable FIGS system and demonstrate its use in cardiovascular mapping in a preclinical model of myocardial ischemia. Our system uses fiber optic delivery of laser diode excitation, custom optics with high collection efficiency, and compact consumer-grade cameras as a low-cost and compact alternative to open surgical FIGS systems. Dramatic size and weight reduction increases flexibility and access, and allows for handheld use or unobtrusive positioning over the surgical field.
Filling of contacts and interconnects with Cu by XeCl laser reflow (2002)

The process window for XeCl laser ( lambda =308 nm) induced reflow of sputter-deposited Cu film to planarize and fill 1- mu m-diameter contacts and 1- mu m-wide interconnect trenches in a 1- or 2- mu m-thick BPSG layer was investigated at room temperature, 365 degrees C, and 440 degrees C. Complete filling of 1- mu m contacts and trenches with an aspect ratio of 1 is possible with an appreciable process window, but filling of these same contacts and trenches with an aspect ratio of 2 is only possible at a substrate temperature of 440 degrees C. The properties of the Cu films, such as sheet resistance, reflectance, grain size, and stress, were also characterized as a function of laser fluence at room temperature, 365 degrees C, and 440 degrees C.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Molecular Cloning of A Novel Human Leukemia-Associated Gene (1989)

We have recently described an 18-kilodalton polypeptide (p18) that is present in much greater abundance in acute leukemic blast cells (myeloid and lymphoid) than in resting or proliferating nonleukemic lymphoid cells or chronic lymphoid and myeloid leukemic cells. In this report we describe the cloning of two different sized full-length cDNAs that code for p18. The two cDNAs differ in their 3'-noncoding regions as a result of alternative polyadenylation. Analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence and the corresponding amino acid sequence did not reveal significant homology to any previously described sequences. We show evidence that this gene is highly conserved in several animal species and low stringency hybridization studies suggest that the p18 gene may be a member of a family of partially homologous genes in the human genome.
Molecular markers in bladder cancer (2008)

Molecular biology is paramount to our understanding of bladder cancer pathogenesis. The search for new markers, and elucidating cross-talk between markers in different pathways, is warranted. Molecular markers have the potential benefit of improving detection, prognosis and treatment of bladder cancer. In addition, understanding the molecular profile of the individual patient could usher us into a new era of improving prediction of the natural history of the disease and providing a more personalized and tailored treatment. Prospective trials are still needed, however, to objectively establish the true benefit of these markers in prognostic and therapeutic arenas.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering in high-order mode fibers employed in dispersion management modules (2002)

Dispersion management modules based on large effective area, relatively short high-order mode fibers are experimentally shown to have high input power threshold to stimulated Brillouin scattering. Theoretically, they behave similarly to the LP/sub 01/ mode of dispersion compensation fibers but with a larger effective area and shorter effective length. The resulting /spl sim/5-dB higher threshold further strengthens the viability of full dispersion and slope compensation without significant input power limitation.
Discriminatively Trained Gaussian Mixture Models for Sentence Boundary Detection (2006)

This paper compares the performance of two types of prosodic feature models (PFMs) in a sentence boundary detection task. Specifically, systems are compared that use discriminatively trained Gaussian mixture models (MMI-GMMs) and CART-style decision trees (CDT-PFMs), along with task-specific language models, in a lattice-based decoding framework in order automatically to insert slash unit (SU) boundaries into automatic speech recognition (ASR) transcriptions of input audio files. It is shown that a system which uses MMI-GMMs performs as well as a system that uses conventional CDT-PFMs. In addition, it is shown that, when the CDT-PFM and MMI-GMM systems are combined by taking weighted averages of their respective probability streams, error rate improvements of up to 0.8% abs over the CDT-PFM baseline can be obtained for four different test sets
A method to distinguish road surface conditions for car-mounted camera images at night-time (2012)

Many conventional distinction methods of road surface condition using car-mounted cameras have been already proposed. However, most of these methods are only effective for daytime and bright conditions. Therefore, we need to expand these methods for impractical night-time that is much more dangerous environment. In this paper, we propose a new distinction method for road surface conditions at night-time, such as dry, wet and snow. This method uses only video information acquired by an inexpensive car-mounted video camera and uses the difference in road surface features for each condition. The image features of the road surface are depending on the illuminant conditions such as street lamps, signal lights, reflections and other lighting sources. Therefore, we analyze the image features based on color information and the presence of other light sources. As a result, the distinction of road surface conditions was achieved with high accuracy, including the areas illuminated by street lamps and other light sources.
Synthesis and characterization of α,ω‐bis(4‐hydroxybutyl) polydimethylsiloxanes (1995)

Abstract α,ω‐Bis(4‐hydroxybutyl) polydimethylsiloxane (molecular weight 1500 to 4500) can be pre‐pared with well‐controlled molecular weight through the reaction of 1,3‐bis(4‐hydroxybu‐tyl)tetramethyl disiloxane and dimethoxydimethyl silane or diethoxydimethyl silane in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of water and hydrochloric acid. The molecular weight of these hydroxybutyl‐terminated polysiloxanes can be determined fairly consistently by a titration method. These polysiloxanes are stable toward cyclization. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ionic crystals in a linear Paul trap (1992)

We describe a configuration for a linear Paul rf ion trap. This trap can store a long string of ions with a small second-order Doppler shift, comparable to that achieved with a single ion in a quadrupole Paul trap. Crystallized strings of trapped ions, as well as more complicated structures, have been observed in the trap. We report an observation of the 40.5-GHz ground-state hyperfine interval of $^{199}\mathrm{Hg}^{+}$ by microwave-optical double-resonance spectroscopy and discuss prospects for a microwave frequency standard based on a trapped string of ions.
Distinct Expression and Function of Alternatively Spliced Tbx5 Isoforms in Cell Growth and Differentiation (2008)

Mutations in the T-box transcription factor Tbx5 cause Holt-Oram syndrome, an autosomal dominant disease characterized by a wide spectrum of cardiac and upper limb defects with variable expressivity. Tbx5 haploinsufficiency has been suggested to be the underlying mechanism, and experimental models are consistent with a dosage-sensitive requirement for Tbx5 in heart development. Here, we report that Tbx5 levels are regulated through alternative splicing that generates, in addition to the known 518-amino-acid protein, a C-terminal truncated isoform. This shorter isoform retains the capacity to bind DNA, but its interaction with Tbx5 collaborators such as GATA-4 is altered. In vivo, the two spliced isoforms are oppositely regulated in a temporal and growth factor-dependent manner and are present in distinct DNA-binding complexes. The expression of the long isoform correlates with growth stimulation, and its reexpression in postnatal transgenic mouse hearts promotes hypertrophy. Conversely, the upregulation of the short but not the long isoform in C2C12 myoblasts leads to growth arrest and cell death. The results provide novel insight into posttranscriptional Tbx5 regulation and point to an important role not only in cell differentiation but also in cell proliferation and organ growth. The data may help analyze genotype-phenotype relations in patients with Holt-Oram syndrome.
Compression and Free Expansion of Single DNA Molecules in Nanochannels (2005)

We investigated compression and ensuing expansion of long DNA molecules confined in nanochannels. Transverse confinement of DNA molecules in the nanofluidic channels leads to elongation of their unconstrained equilibrium configuration. The extended molecules were compressed by electrophoretically driving them into porelike constrictions inside the nanochannels. When the electric field was turned off, the DNA strands expanded. This expansion, the dynamics of which has not previously been observable in artificial systems, is explained by a model that is a variation of de Gennes's polymer model.
Augmenting Neural Machine Translation with Knowledge Graphs (2019)

While neural networks have been used extensively to make substantial progress in the machine translation task, they are known for being heavily dependent on the availability of large amounts of training data. Recent efforts have tried to alleviate the data sparsity problem by augmenting the training data using different strategies, such as back-translation. Along with the data scarcity, the out-of-vocabulary words, mostly entities and terminological expressions, pose a difficult challenge to Neural Machine Translation systems. In this paper, we hypothesize that knowledge graphs enhance the semantic feature extraction of neural models, thus optimizing the translation of entities and terminological expressions in texts and consequently leading to a better translation quality. We hence investigate two different strategies for incorporating knowledge graphs into neural models without modifying the neural network architectures. We also examine the effectiveness of our augmentation method to recurrent and non-recurrent (self-attentional) neural architectures. Our knowledge graph augmented neural translation model, dubbed KG-NMT, achieves significant and consistent improvements of +3 BLEU, METEOR and chrF3 on average on the newstest datasets between 2014 and 2018 for WMT English-German translation task.
Reliable broadcast in networks with nonprogrammable servers (2003)

The problem of implementing reliable broadcast in ARPA-like computer networks is studied. The environment is characterized by the absence of any multicast facility on the communication by the absence of any multicast facility on the communications subnetwork level. Thus, broadcast has to be implemented directly on hosts. A reliable broadcast protocol is presented and evaluated with respect to several important performance criteria.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design considerations for induction machines for electric vehicle drives (1995)

For an electric vehicle drive motor the properties of high efficiency, high power density and wide speed range are clearly desirable. This paper presents the design of an induction motor for a prototype electric vehicle, namely. a Fiat Cinquecento. It is apparent that the design requires a compromise between achieving low losses on one hand and high power density and wide speed range on the other. The vehicle drivetrain consists of a single motor driving a fixed ratio gearbox and mechanical arrangement of the transmission is simplified by the use of a fixed gear ratio, however this places a demanding specification on the drive motor torque speed requirements. At high speeds, rated current cannot be maintained due to the effect of leakage reactance and the maximum torque is limited by the pull out torque. To achieve a wide speed range it is necessary to minimise the leakage reactance. The authors describe the vehicle model, motor design, and calculate the leakage reactance.
Mineral and protein equilibria between the colloidal and soluble phases of milk at low temperature (1981)

Summary Mechanisms controlling exchange and partition of minerals and β-casein between micellar and soluble phases during cooling have been studied using suspensions of milk proteins of varying concentrations in the presence of aqueous phases having varying mineral compositions. In these studies the final equilibrium between Ca and phosphate was found to be regulated by formation of Ca phosphates of varying solubilities. The effect of the total casein level on mineral and protein equilibria was also studied. In milk, part of the β-casein content is bound to micelles by hydrophobic bonds; the proportion present in this form was increased by spontaneous micellar demineralization during cooling as well as by addition of a complexant to milk. At low temperatures, an equilibrium between the micellar and the monomeric states was reached which depends upon the total casein level and on the hydrophobic-bonded β-casein content. Not all of these hydrophobic bonds were broken when milk was cooled.
Asymmetric bandpass filter using a novel microstrip circuit (1992)

A method for increasing the skirt selectivity on one side of a bandpass filter is presented. One such application is the receive filter of a personal communication network (PCN) mobile terminal. An asymmetric synthesis method has been used, realizing finite transmission zeros as cross couplings. A novel microstrip structure has been devised to demonstrate the electrical design. Although the insertion loss measured was greater than that required for a practical system, the procedure is applicable to compact dielectric resonator structures with potentially lower loss capability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimizing Partial Reconfiguration of Multi-context Architectures (2008)

Multi-context reconfigurable arrays provide the ability for fast dynamic reconfiguration once the configurations have been stored into the architecture's context memory. Besides switching the context of the entire array it is also possible to reconfigure contexts from outside the array, which we call external reconfiguration. If supported by the architecture, this reconfiguration, as well as switching contexts, can be performed partially. In this paper, we show how to take advantage of partial reconfiguration to optimize the latency induced by external reconfiguration. As an example we reconfigured an array to process FFT kernels of different sizes. As the best result it was even possible to achieve zero cycle latency.
Herbicide Action on Purple and Yellow Nutsedge (<i>Cyperus rotundus</i>and<i>C. esculentus</i>) (1987)

Historically, many herbicides have been tested for control of purple and yellow nutsedge, ( Cyperus rotundus L. # CYPRO and ( C. esculentus L. # CYPES). However, most chemicals provide only poor or temporary control. Reasons for failure include marginal translocation of herbicides to sites of action, temporary inhibition of tuber sprouting, and control of new tuber formation or inconsistent control when applied at different stages of growth and under various environmental conditions. Evaluation criteria that emphasize control of new plants and foliage rather than inhibition of tuber sprouting or new tuber production also contribute to erratic results. Progress toward solving these research problems is evident in studies of the influence of herbicides relative to nutsedge growth stages, new tuber development, and tuber recovery following treatment. In this review, nutsedge response to herbicides grouped by their mode of action within plants will be summarized.
Propargyl Chlorides as Sources for Cobalt Stabilized .gamma.-Carbonyl Cations (1995)

Hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes of γ-chloroalkynones and γ-chloroalkynoates (5) weee found to undergo silver-mediated Nicholas condensation reactions with silyl enol ethers or silyl ketene acetals (10) to give 1,6-dicarbonyl complexes 11 in fair to good yields. Substrates 5 with γ-alkyl substitution formed diastereomeric products with enol silanes 10a and 10b. Reactions with propiophenone trimethylsilyl enol ether (10b) gave good levels of syn diastereoselection, whereas reactions with cyclohexanone trimethylsilyl enol ether (10a) weee only slightly diastereoselective, favoring the anti diastereomer. When conducted in acetonitrile, the silver-mediated reaction of 5e gave a radical dimerization product 13, isolated as the syn diastereomer. © 1995, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.