gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Triphenylphosphine complexes of ruthenium and rhodium. Reversible combinations of molecular nitrogen and hydrogen with the ruthenium complex (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriphenylphosphine complexes of ruthenium and rhodium. Reversible combinations of molecular nitrogen and hydrogen with the ruthenium complexAkio Yamamoto, Shoji Kitazume, and Sakuji IkedaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 4, 1089–1090Publication Date (Print):February 14, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 14 February 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01006a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01006a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views475Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electro-optic polymer modulators for 1.55 μm wavelength using phenyltetraene bridged chromophore in polycarbonate (2000)

Electro-optic polymer modulators operating at 1550 nm are demonstrated based on a nonlinear optical polymer of a phenyltetraene bridged chromophore in polycarbonate. It has a large electro-optic coefficient (r33=55 pm/V at 1550 nm), good thermal stability (90 °C), and low loss (1.7 dB/cm). A thin protective layer was used in the fabrication of ridge waveguides on the nonlinear polymer. We measured Vπ of 2.4 and 3.7 V at 1300 and 1550 nm, respectively. The chip loss of the modulator at both wavelengths was 5 dB, not including fiber coupling losses.
Street and Sidewalk Safety: The Scope of the Municipal Duty in Minnesota (1961)

In this Article Professor Casad, by an analysis of current applications of general negligence principles in cases dealing with the nonfeasance of municipalities, seeks to determine the standard of care required of a municipality.He concludes that these principles are unsatisfactory when so applied and that, as a result, the actual duty of a municipality in nonfeasance cases is generally greater than the ordinary duty of care expressed by the traditional doctrines of negligence.Recognizing that the standard of care that should be required of a municipality is a policy question that may validly be resolved in a number of ways, the atthor emphasizes that if municipalities are to perform their functions properly and to allocate expenditures economically, the standard of care that will be applied to that performance must be clarified.Only with such clarification will it be possible for a municipality to anticipate the extent of its duties and to adopt the precautions required in order to remedy dangerous situations for which it is likely to be held liable.
Alternating current plasma detector for selective mercury detection in gas chromatography (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlternating current plasma detector for selective mercury detection in gas chromatographyRobert B. Costanzo and Eugene F. BarryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 8, 826–829Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00159a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00159a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Hydrophilic Polymer‐coated Latex, Uncoated Latex and PVC Indwelling Balloon Catheters in the Prevention of Urinary Infection (1976)

Summary Latex, hydrophilic polymer‐coated latex and PVC balloon indwelling urethral catheters were compared in respect of the urinary tract infections arising in association with their use in male patients. The polymer (Hydron) coating conferred no benefit over uncoated latex which in turn was indistinguishable from PVC. No significant differences in the spectra of infecting organismns were observed between the 3 catheter types.
Random mutagenesis into the conserved Gly154 of subtilisin E: isolation and characterization of the revertant enzymes (1998)

We analyzed the role played by the conserved Gly154, a constituent of the P1 substrate-binding pocket of Bacillus subtilis subtilisin E, in the catalytic properties of the protease. Using an Escherichia coli expression system, the termination codon at position 154 in subtilisin E was first introduced to abolish the catalytic activity through truncation of the C-terminus from amino acid residues 154-275. We then attempted to obtain revertants with substitutions of various amino acids at position 154 by the polymerase chain reaction using a mixture of oligonucleotides. In addition to the Gly residue (wild-type), six amino acid substitutions (Ala, Arg, Leu, Phe, Pro and Thr) gave caseinolytic activity. When assayed with synthetic peptide substrates, most of the revertants showed a considerable decrease in specific activity and a P1 specificity similar to that of the wild-type enzyme. An Ala154 mutant purified from the periplasmic space in E. coli, however, resulted in an up to 2.3-fold preference for Val rather than Pro as a P2 substrate relative to the wild-type. Further, a significant 2-10-fold increase in the catalytic efficiency occurred in the Gly127Ala plus Gly154Ala combination variant, relative to the single Gly127Ala variant, without any change in the restricted specificity. The kinetic data and molecular modeling analysis demonstrate the important role of position 154 in the catalytic efficiency as well as in the substrate specificity of subtilisin E.
THE UTILIZATION OF CARBON-1 COMPOUNDS BY PLANTS: I. THE METABOLISM OF METHANOL-C<sup>14</sup>AND ITS ROLE IN AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS (1964)

Methanol-C 14 was rapidly metabolized by carrot tissue slices, pea cotyledons, soybean cotyledons, castor bean endosperm, beet storage tissues, and mature beet leaves. With the exception of beet storage tissues, carbon dioxide was a chief product of methanol metabolism. In all tissues, methanol carbon was also incorporated in the organic acids, sugars, amino acids, and the insoluble residue. Serine, methionine, methionine sulfone, and methionine sulfoxide were important labelled components present in the amino acid fractions separated. Degradation of the serine-C 14 that was produced by carrot tissues metabolizing methanol-C 14 showed that the bulk of the label was present in the 3-position. The results are interpreted as indicating that methanol can act as a precursor of the carbon-1 units that are to be utilized in transmethylation reactions leading to serine and methionine biosynthesis. In addition, methanol can be oxidized to carbon dioxide by these tissues, and this reaction possibly involves dehydrogenase systems.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vif Inhibits Packaging and Antiviral Activity of a Degradation-Resistant APOBEC3G Variant (2007)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif counteracts the antiviral activity of the human cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G (APO3G) by inhibiting its incorporation into virions. This has been attributed to the Vif-induced degradation of APO3G by cytoplasmic proteasomes. We recently demonstrated that although APO3G has a natural tendency to form RNA-dependent homo-multimers, multimerization was not essential for encapsidation into HIV-1 virions or antiviral activity. We now demonstrate that a multimerization-defective APO3G variant (APO3G C97A) is able to assemble into RNase-sensitive high-molecular-mass (HMM) complexes, suggesting that homo-multimerization of APO3G and assembly into HMM complexes are unrelated RNA-dependent processes. Interestingly, APO3G C97A was highly resistant to Vif-induced degradation even though the two proteins were found to interact in coimmunoprecipitation experiments and exhibited partial colocalization in transfected HeLa cells. Surprisingly, encapsidation and antiviral activity of APO3G C97A were both inhibited by Vif despite resistance to degradation. These results demonstrate that targeting of APO3G to proteasome degradation and interference with viral encapsidation are distinct functional properties of Vif.
Extraction of causal RLGC models from measurements for signal link path analysis (2008)

A method for developing a causal RLGC model from S-parameter measurements is proposed for single-ended transmission lines with the assumption of 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> order Debye representation for the substrate dielectric medium. Genetic algorithm, an optimization method, is used to find the causal model parameters and the substrate dielectric properties. The measured S-parameter of a stripline with TRL calibration de-embedded is studied based on the proposed method. Good S-parameter agreement among the measurement, the causal RLGC circuit modeling, and the full-wave simulation has been achieved. The time-domain RLGC circuit simulation for pulse propagation along the stripline demonstrates that the developed model is causal. The comparison of eye-diagrams generated from S-parameters between the modeling, including RLGC circuit and full-wave, and the measurement is shown as well.
An Efficient Process for Synthesis of 2′-<i>O</i>-methyl and 3′-<i>O</i>-methyl Guanosine from 2-aminoadenosine Using Diazomethane and the Catalyst Stannous Chloride (2006)

An improved strategy for the selective synthesis of 2'-O-methyl and 3'-O-methyl guanosine from 2-aminoadenosine is reported by using the catalyst stannous chloride. The regioselectivity of the 2' and 3'-O-alkylation was achieved by optimizing the addition, timing, and concentration of the catalysts and diazomethane during the methylation reaction. An efficient and selective alkylation at 2'-OH of 2-aminoadenosine was achieved by mixing a stoichiometric amount of stannous chloride at room temperature in DME The reaction mixture was stirred at 50 degrees C for 1 min and immediately followed by addition of diazomethane. The resulting 2'-O-methyl 2-aminoadenosine was treated with the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which resulted in an efficient conversion to the desired 2'-O-methylguanosine (98% yield). The product was isolated by crystallization. In contrast, the methylation at 3'-OH of 2-aminoadenosine was achieved by mixing a stoichiometric amount of stannous chloride in DMF and stirring at 50 degrees C for 15 min, followed by addition of diazomethane. The resulting mixture containing 3'-O-methyl-2-aminoadenosine in 90% yield and 2'-O-methyl-2-aminoadenosine in 10% yield was treated with the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which preferentially deaminated only 3'-O-methyl-2-aminoadenosine, resulting in the production of 3'-O-methylguanosine in 88% yield. Due to the extremely low solubility 3'-O-methylguanosine, the compound precipitated and was isolated by centrifugation. This synthetic route obviates the chromatographic purification. Selective monomethylation is achieved by using the unprotected ribonucleoside. As a result, the method described herein represents a significant improvement over the current synthetic approach by providing superior product yield and economy, a much more facile purification of 2',3'-O-methylated isomers, and eliminating the need for protected ribonucleosides reagents.
Performance and Design of an Impulse Noise Detector for OFDM Systems with Reed-Solomon Erasure-Decoding (2008)

We develop an analytical framework to evaluate the probability-of-miss and probability-of-false-alarm performance of an impulse noise (IN) detection algorithm for orthogonal frequency-domain multiplexing (OFDM) symbols based on monitoring the post-frequency-domain-equalizer (FEQ) instantaneous error at the output of the QAM constellation demapper over a range of tones (sub-carriers). Using the VDSL system as a reference, we further analyze the impact of impulse-noise detection error events at the scale of the OFDM symbol (miss and false alarm) on the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of interleaved Reed-Solomon (RS) codes with erasure-decoding. The analysis culminates with a sequence of steps to design the parameters of the frequency-domain IN detector based on the design BER of the communication system and practical transceiver features such as noise-margin and seamless-rate-adaptation (SRA). We conclude that a tone-error based frequency-domain IN detector monitoring 100 tones is capable of providing IN detection performance that does not cause a deterioration of the average BER below the VDSL system design BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> when interleaved RS coding with erasure-decoding is employed.
Capillary pressure and relative permeability correlations for transition zones of carbonate reservoirs (2017)

A sizable oil reserves are held in a thick oil/water capillary transition zones in the carbonate reservoirs, but it is an ongoing challenge to accurately describe the relationship between capillary pressure, relative permeability and oil/water saturation due to the complex wettability variation, pore geometry and heterogeneity throughout the reservoir column. It has been shown that a proper interpretation of relative permeability and capillary pressure including hysteresis has a substantial influence on the prediction and optimization of field production, especially for a heterogeneous carbonate reservoir with a thick transition zone. The conventional models, such as Corey method and Leverett J-function, cannot precisely present the behaviors of capillary pressure and relative permeability of transition zones in carbonate reservoirs. In the present work, a study has been conducted to provide an improved understanding of capillary pressure and relative permeability of the transition zones in carbonate reservoirs by implementing and optimizing recently developed models considering mixed-wet property and geological heterogeneity. For single core plug and each reservoir rock typing classified on the basis of petrophysical properties, the applicability to generate bounding drainage and imbibition curves of the models was tested with fitting parameters by comparing with experimental data. Also, a comprehensive assessment was provided about the feasibility and efficiency of the models along with an evaluation of the hysteresis between bounding drainage and imbibition curves. The results showed excellent matches in the case of Masalmeh model (SPE Reserv Eval Eng 10(02):191–204, 2007) with a correlation coefficient value of 0.95, in which mixed-wet and pore size distribution are taken into account. Therefore, it can be stated that the work conducted in this study could be used as a guide for further investigation and understanding of transition zones in carbonate reservoirs.
Study of magnetic recording transitions at very low flying heights (1993)

In this article, a micromagnetic model is utilized to study dibits recorded under an almost contact condition. Transitions, which are sharply written at contact, suffer irreversible demagnetization while they leave the recording head. Dibit stability under a small perturbing field is examined. A small dc field and a thin-film edge field are utilized for the perturbing field. It is found that, in contact recording, Mrδ/Hc should be sufficiently small for magnetic pattern stability.
<b>Room Temperature Wolff-Kishner Reduction and Cope Elimination Reactions</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRoom Temperature Wolff-Kishner Reduction and Cope Elimination ReactionsDonald J. Cram and Melville R. V. SahyunCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 9, 1734–1735Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00868a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2929Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (251 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
ISSUES AND EXTENSIONS FOR INFORMATION MATCHMAKING PROTOCOLS (1996)

As agents see more use in dynamic, distributed information networks, information sharing facilitators, such as the SHADE matchmaker, and underlying knowledge-based agent communication protocols, such as the Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, will see increased use. We have created several communities of agents collaborating via KQML and matchmaking within the domains of collaborative engineering and satellite image retrieval. Based on these experiences, matchmaking has proven to be very beneficial for multi-agent systems, but we have also identified a number of issues and extensions that are not only vital to KQML-based matchmaking, but to inter-agent protocols in general. These include representational approaches to advertising complex databases, approaches to error recovery and response timing, maintaining consistency among information providers, scalability, security, persistent requests in information brokering, and the dilemma between explicit vs implicit brokering.
Plastic Optical Fiber Displacement Sensor Based on Dual Cycling Bending (2010)

In this study, a high sensitivity and easy fabricated plastic optical fiber (POF) displacement sensor is proposed. A POF specimen subjected to dual cyclic bending is used to improve the sensitivity of the POF displacement sensor. The effects of interval between rollers, relative displacement and number of rollers on the sensitivity of the displacement sensor are analyzed both experimentally and numerically. A good agreement between the experimental measurements and numerical calculations is obtained. The results show that the interval between rollers affects sensitivity most significantly than the other design parameters. Based on the experimental data, a linear equation is derived to estimate the relationship between the power loss and the relative displacement. The difference between the estimated results and the experimental results is found to be less than 8%. The results also show that the proposed POF displacement sensor based on dual cyclic bending can be used to detect displacement accurately.
Identification of Kinase-Phosphatase Signaling Modules Composed of p70 S6 Kinase-Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and p21-activated Kinase-PP2A (1999)

A growing body of evidence indicates that regulation of protein-serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) involves its association with other cellular and viral proteins in multiprotein complexes. PP2A-containing protein complexes may exist that contribute to PP2A's important regulatory role in many cellular processes. To identify such protein complexes, PP2A was partially purified from rat brain soluble extracts following treatment with a reversible cross-linker to stabilize large molecular size forms of PP2A. Compared with native (uncross-linked) PP2A, cross-linked PP2A revealed an enrichment of p70 S6 kinase and two p21-activated kinases (PAK1 and PAK3) in the PP2A complex, indicating these kinases may associate with PP2A. The existence of protein kinase-PP2A complexes in rat brain soluble extracts was further substantiated by the following results: 1) independent immunoprecipitation of the kinases revealed that PP2A co-precipitated with p70 S6 kinase and the two PAK isoforms; 2) glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins of p70 S6 kinase and PAK3 each isolated PP2A; and 3) PAK3 and p70 S6 kinase bound to microcystin-Sepharose (an affinity resin for PP2A-PP1). Cumulatively, these findings provide evidence for association of PP2A with p70 S6 kinase, PAK1, and PAK3 in the context of the cellular environment. Moreover, together with the recent reports describing associations of PP2A with Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (Westphal, R. S., Anderson, K. A., Means, A. R., and Wadzinski, B. E. (1998) Science 280, 1258-1261) and casein kinase IIalpha (Heriche, J. K., Lebrin, F., Rabilloud, T., Leroy, D., Chambaz, E. M., and Goldberg, Y. (1997) Science 276, 952-955), the present data provide compelling evidence for the existence of protein kinase-PP2A signaling modules as a new paradigm for the control of various intracellular signaling cascades.
Impact of Mass Treatment of Onchocerciasis with Ivermectin on the Transmission of Infection (1990)

Onchocerciasis is a major blinding disease that, until recently, has been essentially untreatable. Ivermectin is a safe and effective drug for the mass treatment of onchocerciasis and when used on an individual basis, it reduces the ability of the treated person to transmit Onchocerca volvulus infection. In the present study, the effect of community-based ivermectin treatment on the degree of transmission within the community was assessed by determining the incidence of new infection in children. Ivermectin was distributed annually on three occasions to the eligible members of a population of approximately 14,000 people living on a rubber plantation in a forest area endemic for onchocerciasis. After 2 years, the prevalence of infection in 5-year-old children decreased by 21%. The annual incidence in an uninfected cohort of children decreased by 35% and, after age-specific adjustment, the reduction in incidence in 7- to 12-year-old children was 45%. Thus, community-based distribution of ivermectin led to a significant reduction in incidence of new infection. These findings suggest that ivermectin can be important in reducing the transmission of onchocerciasis.