gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving High Sensitivity GNSS Receiver Performance in Multipath Environments for Vehicular Applications (2013)

Generally, standalone GNSS receiver architectures cannot provide a position accuracy suitable for use in vehicular applications in urban canyon scenarios. Specifically, GNSS signals are affected by the surrounding objects, such as high buildings, trees, etc., which will introduce multipath errors. Multipath arises from the reception of reflected or diffracted signals in addition to the line-of-sight (LOS) signal, and is one of the most detrimental error sources in GNSS positioning applications. By using a block processing high sensitivity receiver scheme with more correlators and/or longer coherent integration time, this thesis aims to obtain better positioning performance in the urban canyon areas. It was reported that signal correlation peaks (e.g., LOS correlation peaks, multipath correlation peaks) may be separated in the Doppler domain by a long coherent integration time. Generally, the dominant peak is utilized in high sensitivity receivers, however, this approach is not always optimal in multipath environments since it is not assured that the dominant peak is the LOS peak. In this regard, a LOS peak identification scheme is proposed in this work, which yields better positioning performance compared to the dominant peak scheme. Multipath distributions in the urban canyon area are characterized in this work. In particular, the Doppler frequency and code phase delay under different conditions are assessed as a function of vehicle speed and signal power. Results of this characterization is use to configure the receiver to better remove the multipath signals. More specifically, the multipath distribution will eventually affect the search strategy (i.e., search space size, coherent integration time) utilized in the high sensitivity receiver. Multipath directional-dependence phenomenon (i.e., the variation resulting from the direction of travel of the user) is observed during this process; and the multipath maximum Doppler offset and minimum Doppler offset are derived and verified by the real data, and finally used to detect errors in the receiver’s navigation solution. It is shown that most of the multipath peaks are removed in the receiver after using the proposed algorithm; consequently, pseudorange and Doppler accuracies are improved substantially. Also, different search space sizes and coherent integration times are compared in this work and an empirically-optimal search strategy is developed. Three data sets collected in the urban canyon areas are used to assess the proposed high sensitivity receiver strategy, it is shown that the position accuracies are better than 20 m.
Tenascin mediates human glioma cell migration and modulates cell migration on fibronectin (1996)

The role of tenascin in mediating tumor cell migration was studied using two cell migration models. In migration/invasion Transwell assays U251.3 glioma cells rapidly migrated through the 8 mu m pore size membranes onto tenascin- and fibronectin-coated surfaces. In this assay the number of cells migrating onto tenascin was 52.2 +/- 9.6% greater than on fibronectin within 4 hours. To assess cell migration rates and cell morphology, U251.3 migration was examined in a two-dimension spheroid outgrowth assay. The radial distance migrated by U251.3 cells from tumor spheroids was found to be 53.8 +/- 4.9% greater on tenascin than on fibronectin. Cells migrating on tenascin display a very motile appearance, while cells migrating on fibronectin spread and maintain close intercellular contacts. Cell migration in the presence of integrin blocking antibodies demonstrated that migration on tenascin and fibronectin is mediated by distinct integrins, alpha2beta1 and alphavbeta5/alphavbeta3, respectively. Since tenascin is coexpressed in malignant tumor matrices with fibronectin, we assessed the effects of tenascin on U251.3 cell migration mediated by fibronectin. Tenascin was found to provide a positive effect on fibronectin-mediated migration by altering cell morphology and enhancing cell motility. These effects of tenascin on fibronectin-mediated cell migration were inhibited by blocking beta1 and alpha2beta1 integrins. The results suggest that tenascin may play a significant role in promoting tumor cell migration and invasiveness by modulating cell responses to normal matrix components.
A low power dual-mode pulse triggered flip-flop using pass transistor logic (2010)

In this paper, a novel dual-mode pulse-triggered FF design supporting functional versatility is presented. A dual-mode pulse generator design in pass transistor logic (PTL) is devised first. The threshold voltage loss problem common in PTL design is successfully resolved while the circuit simplicity is kept. By combining the pulse generator with a level sensitive latch, a dual-mode pulse-triggered flip-flop (DMP-FF) design is derived. Extensive performance comparisons against various single mode FF designs are conducted. The proposed design, bearing similar circuit complexity plus the advantage of dual mode operations, performs equally well as single mode counterparts in various AC parameters and power consumption.
GMR-based single-domain magnetic sensor for 500nm single particle detection (2017)

GMR-based magnetic sensors remain to be one of the best candidates to detect biomolecules since it was first introduced by the Naval Research Laboratory group in 1998 [1].
Serologic diagnosis of viral hepatitis (1992)

Serologic tests are the most accurate method of identifying a viral cause for a liver disorder and distinguishing between the different forms of viral hepatitis. Although such characteristics of viral hepatitis as route of transmission and incubation period may be helpful in differential diagnosis, they seldom are sufficient to make an exact diagnosis. Laboratory tests or liver biopsy may help to differentiate liver disorders but again usually do not identify the form of viral hepatitis that is present. However, liver biopsy is often of value in patients with chronic hepatitis to determine the severity of disease, aid in prognosis, and, in some cases, serve as a guide to antiviral therapy.
P2‐099: Carbonic Anhydrase is a Crucial Target for Prevention of Mitochondrial Pathology in Alzheimer’s Models (2016)

It is now accepted that mitochondrial dysfunction is a key early event in the progression of neuronal and vascular degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and that therapies aimed at preventing mitochondrial failure may represent promising new strategies in the pursue of a cure for this devastating disease. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons (or vice versa), maintaining acid-base balance in blood and other tissues. CA isoforms are present in the mitochondria. CA inhibitors (CAIs), such as metazolamide (MTZ) and acetazolamide (ATZ) are clinically used for glaucoma, epilepsy (rarely), and high altitude sickness. We analyzed the effects of two main CAIs used in clinical settings (MTZ and ATZ) on the mechanism of mitochondrial damage and neurovascular degeneration induced by amyloid beta (Abeta), using cerebral vascular and neural cells as well as the TgSwDI (Swedish-Dutch-Iowa) transgenic mouse model of cerebral amyloidosis. Both CAIs consistently prevented specific pathways of mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Abeta in cerebral microvascular endothelial, neuronal and glial cells, without affecting ATP production, pH, and Calcium flux. Increase of hydrogen peroxide, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of Cytochrome C, caspase activation, and apoptotic cell death were inhibited by CAIs. ATZ was effective at concentrations lower than MTZ. Both drugs, given with diet, were able to ameliorate behavioral paradigms in relatively young TgSwDI mice. CAIs might represent a potentially successful strategy to prevent early mitochondrial dysfunction and neurovascular loss in AD. Further studies in animal models and clinical settings are needed to confirm our hypothesis.
CTI in the corporate enterprise (1998)

The goal of computer telephony integration (CTI) is to present information about the caller on a data screen, while the call is in progress. It has the potential to reduce the cost of customer contact, and improve the quality of customer service. So how, precisely, is this done? © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Nuclear Targeting Peptide-Antisense Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Conjugates (1995)

An endogenous nuclear enzyme, RNase H, is an important component in determining the efficacy of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). In an effort to improve the potency of antisense ODNs, conjugates with three different nuclear targeting signal peptides were prepared. These short peptide sequences have been shown to facilitate transport of macromolecules into the nucleus of cells. Efficient chemistry for the synthesis of ODN-peptide conjugates is described. Reaction of 5'-aminohexyl-modified ODNs with iodoacetic anhydride gave pure iodoacetamide ODNs (IA-ODNs) in good yield. These electrophilic intermediates were reacted with thiol-containing peptides to give ODN-peptides in excellent yield and purity. The ODN-peptides were further characterized by proteolysis with trypsin. Thermal denaturation studies with ssDNA targets showed little effect of the 5'-peptide modifications on the hybridization properties of the ODN. The effect of the nuclear signal peptides on antisense potency was evaluated in the freshwater ciliate Paramecium. A 3'-hexanol-modified 24-mer antisense ODN, complementary to the mRNA for calmodulin, alters regulation of membrane ion channels and swimming behavior of these cells. A 2'-O-methyl analog of this ODN was inactive, thus providing evidence that this activity in Paramecium is mediated by RNase H. Antisense ODN-nuclear signal peptide conjugates were transfected into the cells by electroporation. Surprisingly, these conjugates showed no antisense effects in comparison to a 5'-unmodified control ODN. Random peptides or amino acids conjugated to the 5'-terminus did not decrease antisense activity.
Monte Carlo Calculations of the Detection Efficiency of Arrays of Nai(Tl), Bgo, Csf, Ge, and Plastic Detectors for 511 Kev Photons (1981)

In positron emission tomographs employing arrays of detectors, the useful detection efficiency and spatial resolution depend on the size and type of detectors, the septa between the detectors, the angle of incidence, and the extent to which the pulse height selection rejects multiple detector interactions. To determine the relative effect of these factors a Monte-Carlo computer code was developed that tracks the Compton and photoelectric interactions of photons incident on a linear array of detectors. The photon is tracked until it either escapes the array or is photoelectrically absorbed in a detector or septum. A photon is successfully detected whenever the energy-loss threshold is exceeded in only one detector. Results are tabulated for bismuth germanate (BGO), NaI(Tl), CsF, germanium, plastic and lead loaded plastic detectors from 0.1 cm X 1 cm X 1 cm to 5 cm X 10 cm X 10 cm; for lead septa between detectors; for energy loss thresholds from 0 to 511 keV; and for angles of incidence from 0 to 30 degrees. We show that for a given detector size, BGO has the best efficiency and that this advantage is most pronounced for narrow detectors.
Simultaneous localization and calibration for electromagnetic tracking systems (2015)

With reduced tracking error and independence from external tracking devices or pre-operative calibrations, the approach is promising for reliable EM navigation in various clinical procedures. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular cloning of cDNA and analysis of protein secondary structure of Candida albicans enolase, an abundant, immunodominant glycolytic enzyme (1992)

We isolated and sequenced a clone for Candida albicans enolase from a C. albicans cDNA library by using molecular genetic techniques. The 1.4-kbp cDNA encoded one long open reading frame of 440 amino acids which was 87 and 75% similar to predicted enolases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and enolases from other organisms, respectively. The cDNA included the entire coding region and predicted a protein of molecular weight 47,178. The codon usage was highly biased and similar to that found for the highly expressed EF-1 alpha proteins of C. albicans. Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed that the enolase cDNA hybridized to an abundant C. albicans mRNA of 1.5 kb present in both yeast and hyphal growth forms. The polypeptide product of the cloned cDNA, which was purified as a recombinant protein fused to glutathione S-transferase, had enolase enzymatic activity and inhibited radioimmunoprecipitation of a single C. albicans protein of molecular weight 47,000. Analysis of the predicted C. albicans enolase showed strong conservation in regions of alpha helices, beta sheets, and beta turns, as determined by comparison with the crystal structure of apo-enolase A of S. cerevisiae. The lack of cysteine residues and a two-amino-acid insertion in the main domain differentiated C. albicans enolase from S. cerevisiae enolase. Immunofluorescence of whole C. albicans cells by using a mouse antiserum generated against the purified fusion protein showed that enolase is not located on the surface of C. albicans. Recombinant C. albicans enolase will be useful in understanding the pathogenesis and host immune response in disseminated candidiasis, since enolase is an immunodominant antigen which circulates during disseminated infections.
QMView and GAMESS: Integration into the World Wide Computational Grid (2002)

High performance computing, storage, visualization, and database infrastructures are increasing geometrically in complexity as scientists move towards grid-based computing. While this is natural, it has the effect of pushing computational capabilities beyond the reach of scientists because of the time needed to harness the infrastructure. Hiding the complexity of networked resources becomes essential if scientists are to utilize them effectively. In this work, we describe our efforts to integrate various computational chemistry components into a scientific computing environment. We briefly describe improvements we have made to individual components of the chemistry environment as well as future directions, followed by a more in-depth discussion of our strategy for integration into a grid workflow environment based on web services, which enables access to remote resources while shielding users from the complexities of the grid infrastructures. A preliminary schema for storing data obtained from computational chemistry calculations is also described.
Effect of rate and application depth matrix-I calcium carbide based formulation on growth, yield and nitrogen uptake of wheat (2011)

Calcium carbide (CaC2) is a source of acetylene gas which is a well known nitrification inhibitor and converts into ethylene in the soil environment. Ethylene is a potent plant growth regulator and influences a number of biological processes from root growth to leaf senescence. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of a calcium carbide based formulation, Matrix-I (21% calcium carbide, 58% polyethylene and 21% plaster of paris), applied at 0, 7.5, 15 and 22.5 mg CaC2 kg-1 soil at 0, 4, 8 and 12 cm soil depth, on growth, yield and nitrogen uptake of wheat. Increasing the rate and application depth of Matrix-I, decreased wheat plant height and increased the number of tillers, biological yield, grain yield, 1,000-grains weight and nitrogen uptake by wheat grain and straw. However, when calcium carbide at 22.5 mg kg-1 soil was applied at greater soil depths, it inversely affected the economical yield of wheat. Comparatively maximum increase in yield parameters of wheat was observed when formulated calcium carbide was buried at 15 mg kg-1 soil at 8 cm soil depth.

	 

	Key words: Wheat, calcium carbide, growth, nitrogen uptake.
High-temperature resistant polypropylene films enhanced by atomic layer deposition (2021)

Abstract Last two decades has witnessed various technical programs towards the development of new dielectric films for high temperature and high energy density capacitor technology. Yet, the organic polypropylene film still holds its top position for film capacitors required for electric and electronic power applications such as power grid, hybrid electric vehicles, oil and gas exploration, and aviation. However, its low temperature stability determined by its structural nature limits its further adoption for more rising markets. This work thus developed a creative method (ultrathin coating of inorganic compound using atomic layer deposition) to increase the high temperature stability and the dielectric strength of such a strategically important polymer film from below 105 °C to above 140 °C. Several techniques also confirmed the effective minimization of the dimensional change and crystallinity loss at higher temperatures, i.e., Thermomechanical analysis, Dynamic mechanical analysis, Dynamic Scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy techniques. This breakthrough discovery adds a huge value to the commercial PP films and relevant capacitor industry and will extend the operation of high-performance PP film capacitors to various high standard applications.
Analysis of activation of active double-clad optical fibers (2005)

The paper presents the analysis of double-clad optical fibers activation, used in fiber laser construction. The main focus was the research related to active fiber geometry influence on the value of an effective absorption efficiency coefficient – the parameter which is one of the main determinants of the total fiber laser efficiency. The whole analysis was conducted in geometrical optics approximation and wave-optical approach. The computer programs studied are a very helpful tool in selection of optimal parameters of active double-clad optical fibers.
ChemInform Abstract: Terahertz Semiconductor‐Heterostructure Laser. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of phosphorylation and internalization of the antigen receptor/CD3 complex, CD8, and class I MHC-encoded proteins on T cells. Role of intracytoplasmic domains analyzed with hybrid CD8/class I molecules. (1989)

We analyzed the phosphorylation and the dynamics of TCR/CD3, CD8 and MHC class I molecules during the activation of a CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone and of CD8- T helper hybridomas transfected with the gene coding for the native (J. Gabert, C. Langlet, R. Zamoyska, J.R. Parnes, A.M. Schmitt-Verhulst, and B. Malissen. 1987. Reconstitution of MHC class I specificity by transfer of the T cell receptor and Lyt-2 genes. Cell 50:545) or truncated CD8 alpha molecule. The CD3 components gamma and epsilon and the CD8 alpha subunit were phosphorylated after activation of the CTL clone with the protein kinase C activator PMA. Class I MHC molecules were phosphorylated irrespective of PMA activation. Constitutive phosphorylation of the MHC class I products was found to be intrinsic to the transmembrane/cytoplasmic portion of the molecules because it was transferred to the CD8 alpha hybrid molecules composed of extracellular CD8 and MHC class I transmembrane and intracytoplasmic domains (CD8-e/MHC-t-i). Measurements of the dynamics of these cell surface molecules by using radiolabeled mAb revealed distinct behaviors: TCR/CD3 complex ligand internalization was increased (around 50% after 40 to 60 min) after PMA activation, whereas the ligand of class I MHC molecules was internalized at constant rate irrespective of PMA activation. Ligand bound to native CD8 molecules was poorly internalized, irrespective of the activation of the T cells with PMA. The same ligand bound to the CD8-e/MHC-t-i hybrid molecule was internalized at the same rate as a class I MHC molecule ligand, indicating that the behavior of the hybrid molecule was characteristic of the transmembrane/cytoplasmic portion of MHC class I molecules.
Synthesis and characterization of conducting polyaniline‐activated carbon nanocomposites (2006)

Abstract Conducting polyaniline (PAni)/activated carbon (AC) nanocomposites were synthesized by the in situ chemical polymerization method. The resultant shell–core PAni–AC nanocomposites were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. We did not observe any significant chemical interaction between the PAni and AC, only core–shell coupling between the AC and the tightly coated polymer chain was revealed. Measurement of the physical properties showed that the incorporation of conducting PAni on to AC particles during chemical synthesis increased electrical conductivity and thermal stability by several orders of magnitude to that of the pristine PAni powders. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1973–1977, 2007
A Fusion Context-Aware Model based on Hybrid Sensing for Recommendation Smart Service (2013)

스마트폰을 비롯한 다양한 스마트 디바이스들은 이제 사용자의 일상에서 필수적인 아이템으로 자리 잡았다. 스마트 디바이스 내에 센서정보를 이용하여 사용자의 선호도 및 필요정보를 파악할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 지능적인 서비스 추천이 가능해진다는 의미이다. 본 논문에서 사용자의 상황정보를 토대로 지능적인 서비스 추천을 위한 퓨전(Fusion) 상황인지 모델을 제안하고자 하다. 서비스 추천 모델은 스마트 디바이스로부터 획득한 시간, 장소, 행동 및 디바이스 정보를 중심으로 퓨전 처리과정을 거쳐 사용자 시나리오를 생성된다. 시나리오란 사용자의 상황을 예측하는데 가장 핵심이 되는 단서이며, 본 시나리오에 맞춰 서비스를 제공 및 추천할 수 있다. 이 뿐만 아니라, 콘텐츠의 카테고리와 더불어 콘텐츠 미디어 형식까지도 사용자 맞춤형을 지향한다. 그러므로 본 논문에서 제안하는 퓨전 상황인지 모델은 하이브리드 센싱(Hybrid Sensing)을 이용하였다. Variety of smart devices including smart phone have become and essential item in user's daily life. This means that smart devices are good mediators to get collecting user's behavior by sensors mounted on the devices. The information from smart devices is important clues to identify by analyzing the user's preferences and needs. Through this, the intelligent service which is fitted to the user is possible. This paper propose a smart service recommendation model based on user scenario using fusion context-awareness. The information for recommendation services is collected to make the scenario depending on time, location, action based on the Fusion process. The scenarios can help predict a user's situation and provide the services in advance. Also, content categories as well as the content types are determined depending on the scenario. The scenario is a method for providing the best service as well as a basis for the user's situation. Using this method, proposing a smart service model with the fusion context-awareness based on the hybrid sensing is the goal of this paper.
122 Mb High Speed SRAM Cell with 25 nm Gate Length Multi-Bridge-Channel MOSFET (MBCFET) on Bulk Si Substrate (2006)

As a part of continued multi-bridge-channel MOSFET (MBCFET) study, we have successfully fabricated 122Mb SRAM cell with 25 nm gate length CMOS MBCFET on bulk Si wafers. The 6-T MBCFET SRAM cell shows high static noise margin (SNM) of 320 mV at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cc</sub> = 0.8 V. Using tall-embedded-gate (TEG) and source/drain (S/D) engineering, 2.6times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> times on/off current ratio and 3.46 mA/μm of on-state current at 13 nA/um of off-state current were achieved. In addition, triple-bridge-channel MOSFET (TBCFET) is made for the first time and compared with single-bridge-channel MOSFET (SBCFET) and MBCFET