gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aminoglycoside antibiotics. 4. Regiospecific partial synthesis of ribostamycin and 4"-thioribostamycin (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAminoglycoside antibiotics. 4. Regiospecific partial synthesis of ribostamycin and 4"-thioribostamycinVirendra Kumar and William A. RemersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 21, 4298–4300Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00334a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00334a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Alternative Einsatzmöglichkeiten der „Bevorzugten Kristallisation” zur Enantiomerentrennung (2006)

Abstract Die Enantiomerentrennung aus racemischen Mischungen mittels der „Bevorzugten Kristallisation”︁ wird bisher ausschließlich bei konglomeratbildenden Stoffsystemen im Batch‐ bzw. in einigen Fällen im zyklischen Modus durchgeführt. Für die wesentlich häufiger vorkommenden verbindungsbildenden Stoffsysteme wurde die „Bevorzugte Kristallisation”︁ bisher nicht eingesetzt. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Enantiomerentrennung in konglomerat‐ und verbindungsbildenden Stoffsystemen mittels der „Bevorzugten Kristallisation”︁. Dabei wird auf den Einfluss der Fest/Flüssig‐Phasengleichgewichte‐ sowie auf alternative Konzepte der Prozessführung eingegangen. Für das konglomeratbildende Stoffsystem Threonin/Wasser werden experimentelle Ergebnisse zur Maßstabsvergrößerung des Batch‐Prozesses sowie zur zyklischen Betriebsweise vorgestellt. Des Weiteren werden erste erfolgreiche Resultate zum Einsatz der „Bevorzugten Kristallisation”︁ zur Enantiomerengewinnung im verbindungsbildenden Stoffsystem Mandelsäure/Wasser präsentiert.
δ-Aminolevulinic acid cytotoxic effects on human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (2002)

We have determined the impact of ALA on HEP G2 and HEP 3B hepatocarcinoma cell lines survival as measured by the MTT assay. ALA proved to be cytotoxic in both cell lines however; HEP G2 was more sensitive to ALA than HEP 3B. Addition of hemin or glucose diminished ALA cytotoxicity in HEP G2 cells; instead it was enhanced in HEP 3B cells. Because apoptosis is usually associated with DNA fragmentation, the DNA of ALA treated and untreated cells were analyzed. The characteristic pattern of DNA fragmentation ladders was observed in ALA treated cells. To elucidate the mechanisms of ALA induced apoptosis, we examined its effect on p53 expression. No changes in p53 mRNA levels were observed after exposure of both cell lines to ALA for 24 h. CDK2 and CDK4 protein levels were reduced after ALA treatment at physiological concentrations.
Influence of the Interfacial Reaction Layer on Reliability of CSP Joints Using Sn-8Zn-3Bi Solder and Ni/Au Plating (2004)

In order to investigate the use of Sn-8Zn-3Bi solder as a potential substitute for Sn-Pb solder, which has a lower melting point than Sn-Ag family solders for CSP assembly, we studied mechanical properties of CSP joints plated with varying thicknesses of Au and Ni on Cu pad. Joint strength and other mechanical properties were evaluated in relation to reflow peak temperature. The combination of 0.05 μm Au plating thickness and reflow peak temperature of 498 K resulted in the best joint reliability in the as reflowed condition and also after aging treatment. The joint was founded to have thin Ni3Sn4 type interfacial reaction layer that included Cu and Zn between the solder and the Ni plating. This interfacial structure was shown to improve the joint strength.
<b>A Convenient Synthesis of 3,5-Cycloheptadienone</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Convenient Synthesis of 3,5-CycloheptadienoneWilliam E. Parham, Robert W. Soeder, and R. M. DodsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 9, 1755–1756Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00868a067Request reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (278 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gallium toxicity and adaptation in Pseudomonas fluorescens (1992)

When cultured in a defined citrate medium supplemented with 1 mM gallium (III) Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 13525 experienced a lag phase of 40 h with no apparent diminution in cellular yield. Following initial uptake of the metal-ligand complex, gallium was secreted in the spent fluid. This lag phase was abolished either by inoculating the medium with gallium adapted cells or by inclusion of iron (III) (20 μM) in the growth medium. In the culture enriched with both gallium and iron (III), X-ray fluorescence spectra revealed a gradual decrease of gallium from the spent fluid as growth progressed. In a phosphate deficient medium, no cellular multiplication was observed in the presence of gallium. The inhibitory influence mediated by the trivalent metal was reversed by the addition of (20 μM) iron (III). Although bacterial growth was accompanied by an initial decrease in exocellular gallium, a marked increment in the concentration of this metal was observed in the spent fluid at stationary phase of growth. Citrate was not detected in the exocellular fluid at cessation of bacterial multiplication. Electrophoretic analyses revealed numerous variations in the cytoplasmic protein profiles of the control and metal stressed cells. Gallium induced the syntheses of polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 89 kDa, 50 kDa, 39 kDa, 26 kDa and 12 kDa.
Roles of microRNA in liver cancer (2018)

Primary liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that downregulate gene expression by binding to the 3′-untranslated region of target miRNAs. MiRNAs function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes by regulating oncogene or tumor suppressor gene expression and their related signaling pathways involved in liver cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatoblastoma. In this review, we provide a systematic evaluation of the relationship between miRNAs and liver cancers, and describe the potential applications of miRNAs in liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), Liver cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), Hepatoblastoma (HB), Diagnosis, Therapy
The DNA sequence of the equine herpesvirus 4 gene encoding glycoprotein gp17/18, the homologue of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gD (1993)

The nucleotide sequence of the gene to the left of the gI gene of equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) was determined. The gene encodes a peptide of 402 amino acids with an unprocessed M(r) of 45,323. The predicted polypeptide has several features of a glycoprotein including a hydrophobic signal sequence, a membrane spanning domain and four potential N-linked glycosylation sites within the proposed external domain. The predicted amino acid sequence of EHV-4 gD shows 83% identity with that of equine herpesvirus 1 gD. Conservation of the tertiary structure is suggested by the alignment of six cysteine residues with those of the gD of six other alphaherpesviruses. Screening a lambda gt11/EHV-4 expression library with monoclonal antibodies against several of the most abundant EHV-4 glycoproteins unequivocally identified the protein encoded by the EHV-4 gD gene as gp17/18.
Characteristics of CdS nanowires grown in a porous alumina template using a two-cell method (2007)

CdS nanowires have been grown by a two-cell chemical method using a porous alumina template. Field-emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy show the growth of nanowires of diameters ranging from 100 to 110 nm and 50 to 60 nm for two different templates. The surface topography of the template filled with CdS has been studied using atomic force microscopy. The microstructural properties of the nanowires have been studied by high resolution x-ray diffraction. UV–visible spectroscopy of nanowires exhibits a clear blue shift due to quantum confinement. The photoluminescence spectra show green emission due to the defect states of the nanowires and the resonance Raman spectra revealed the stoichiometric phase of CdS with good crystallinity.
GTO thyristor applications for HVDC transmission systems (1990)

Conceptual designs for convertor substation equipment for a HVDC (high-voltage direct current) transmission system using current- as well as voltage-source-type GTO (gate turn-off thyristors) power convertors (referred to as VSTGC and CSTGC) are presented. A study indicates that the VSTGC is preferable to the CSTGC. Also presented is a preliminary economic comparison between two HVDC-system alternatives for applying power to a weak AC system, one using a self-commutated GTO power convertor and the other combining a line-commutated convertor and a synchronous condenser. The result indicates that the two HVDC convertor substation alternatives cost about the same.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Contour-based segmentation and coding for depth map compression (2011)

Emerging video technologies like 3DTV and Free Viewpoint Video require to transmit more information than just 2D color data. To allow rendering of arbitrary viewpoints of a video scene a new data format including 2D color and an accompanying depth map has been proposed. Consequently this new technique requires an efficient coding method not only for color information, but also for depth data. Depth maps are characterized by segments describable by piecewise linear functions bounded by sharp edges. Preserving these depth discontinuities is a crucial requirement for high quality view synthesis. To adapt to these characteristics we propose a novel algorithm for depth map compression explicitly signaling the location of discontinuities. Experimental results show that the proposed method yields up to 9dB PSNR gain compared to a JPEG-2000 encoder in high- bitrate scenarios. Subjective quality assessment of synthesized views using compressed depth maps can prove the superior visual quality originating from less geometric distortions.
ВЗАЄМНА КОРЕЛЯЦІЯ УЗАГАЛЬНЕНИХ КООРДИНАТ БАГАТОВИМІРНОЇ ЛІНІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ (2021)

Предметом досліджень статті є своєрідну поведінку взаємних кореляційних функцій узагальнених координат – наявність розриву першого роду при переході аргументу від його позитивних значення до негативних. Метою є оцінка можливості формування розриву парних та непарних складових кореляційної функції та обґрунтування даного явища. Застосовувані методи: співставлення двох функцій дійсних змінних на основі перетворення Фур’є, статистичні методи аналізу даних, теорія випадкових функцій, кореляційний аналіз. Отримані результати: побудова принципів отримання парних та непарних складових кореляційної функції багатовимірної лінійної системи з аналізом їх безперервності в узагальненому сенсі; запропоноване тлумачення подібних виразів як границі послідовності безперервних функцій, що забезпечує їх безперервність в узагальненому сенсі та усуває виниклу суперечливість в даному випадку. Практична значущість роботи полягає у побудові моделі взаємної кореляції узагальнених координат лінійної системи з урахуванням особливостей поведінки кореляційних функцій.
Fingerprint matching by incorporating minutiae discriminability (2011)

Traditional minutiae matching algorithms assume that each minutia has the same discriminability. However, this assumption is challenged by at least two facts. One of them is that fingerprint minutiae tend to form clusters, and minutiae points that are spatially close tend to have similar directions with each other. When two different fingerprints have similar clusters, there may be many well matched minutiae. The other one is that false minutiae may be extracted due to low quality fingerprint images, which result in both high false acceptance rate and high false rejection rate. In this paper, we analyze the minutiae discriminability from the viewpoint of global spatial distribution and local quality. Firstly, we propose an effective approach to detect such cluster minutiae which of low discriminability, and reduce corresponding minutiae similarity. Secondly, we use minutiae and their neighbors to estimate minutia quality and incorporate it into minutiae similarity calculation. Experimental results over FVC2004 and FVC-onGoing demonstrate that the proposed approaches are effective to improve matching performance.
Enthalpy of Formation of Gallium Nitride (2000)

A major discrepancy in the literature concerning the enthalpy of formation of GaN has been resolved using oxidative oxide melt solution calorimetry. Four samples of differing nitrogen contents were measured by dropping them into molten 3Na2O·4MoO3 in a calorimeter at 975 K with oxygen gas bubbling through the solvent. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis, transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and BET measurements. The enthalpy of drop solution (kJ/g) varied approximately linearly with nitrogen content. Extrapolated to stoichiometric GaN, the data yield a value of −156.8 ± 16.0 kJ/mol for the standard enthalpy of formation from the elements at 298 K. The relatively large error reflects the deviation of individual points from the straight line rather than uncertainties in each set of data for a given sample. This new directly measured enthalpy of formation is in excellent agreement with that obtained from the temperature dependence of the equilibrium pressure of nitrogen over GaN, −157.7 kJ/mol, measured by Madar et al. (Madar, R.; Jacob, G.; Hallais, J.; Fruchart, R. J. Crystal Growth 1975, 31, 197.) and Karpinski and Porowski (Karpinski, J.; Porowski, S. J. Cryst. Growth 1984, 66, 11). This value of −156.8 kJ/mol should replace the commonly tabulated value of −110 kJ/mol determined by Hahn and Juza (Hahn, H.; Juza, R. Z. Anorg. Chem. 1940, 244, 111) using combustion calorimetry on an uncharacterized sample over 50 years ago.
Carbonyl Compounds by Osmium Tetroxide Oxidation: Preferential Oxidation of Primary over Secondary Hydroxy Groups (1984)

On etudie l'oxydation par OsO 4 derives de steroides de cyclanes et de composes benzeniques presentant une ou deux fonctions alcool primaire ou secondaire
Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanide Hydroxide Single‐Crystal Nanowires (2002)

It's a small world! The hydrothermal synthesis of a family of lanthanide hydroxide single-crystal nanowires has been achieved (see picture), the properties and dimensions of which can be tailored by changes in chemical potential and the pH value of the reaction media. Such materials might serve as templates for biological labeling agents, as one of many potential applications.
A Family of Indoles Regulate Virulence and Shiga Toxin Production in Pathogenic E. coli (2013)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) are intestinal pathogens that cause food and water-borne disease in humans. Using biochemical methods and NMR-based comparative metabolomics in conjunction with the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we developed a bioassay to identify secreted small molecules produced by these pathogens. We identified indole, indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), as factors that only in combination are sufficient to kill C. elegans. Importantly, although lethal to C. elegans, these molecules downregulate several bacterial processes important for pathogenesis in mammals. These include motility, biofilm formation and production of Shiga toxins. Some pathogenic E. coli strains are known to contain a Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE), which encodes virulence factors that cause "attaching and effacing" (A/E) lesions in mammals, including formation of actin pedestals. We found that these indole derivatives also downregulate production of LEE virulence factors and inhibit pedestal formation on mammalian cells. Finally, upon oral administration, ICA inhibited virulence and promoted survival in a lethal mouse infection model. In summary, the C. elegans model in conjunction with metabolomics has facilitated identification of a family of indole derivatives that broadly regulate physiology in E. coli, and virulence in pathogenic strains. These molecules may enable development of new therapeutics that interfere with bacterial small-molecule signaling.
<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> release of nerve growth factor from biodegradable poly‐lactic‐<i>co</i>‐glycolic‐acid microspheres (2010)

Regeneration of peripheral nerves after injury is suboptimal. We now report the long term delivery of nerve growth factor (NGF) by biodegradable poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres in vitro and in vivo. Lactic to glycolic acid ratios of 50:50 and 85:15 were fabricated using the double emulsion solvent, evaporation technique. Three different inherent viscosities (0.1 dL g(-1) : 1A, 0.4 dL g(-1) : 4A, 0.7 dL g(-1) : 7A) were analyzed. In vitro, release of NGF for 23 days was measured. Electron microscopy demonstrated intact spheres for at least 7 days (50:50 1A), 14 days (50:50 4A), or 35 days (50:50 7A and 85:15 7A). In vitro release kinetics was characterized by burst release, followed by release of NGF at a rate of 0.6-1.6% a day. Release curves for 50:50 1A and 85:15 7A differed significantly from other compositions (p < 0.01). In vivo, release was characterized by a novel radionuclide tracking assay. Release rates varied from 0.9 to 2.2% per day with linear kinetics. All but the 85:15 type of spheres showed different release profiles in vivo compared to in vitro conditions. On the basis of the surface morphology and release profiles, we found microspheres fabricated from 50:50 4A PLGA to be best suited for the use in a rat sciatic nerve injury model.
Time-Aware and Sparsity-Tolerant QoS Prediction Based on Collaborative Filtering (2016)

Quality of Services (QoS) is an important criterion to evaluate Web services recommendation system. Due to factors including various network conditions, QoS values are dynamic and time-varying. In reality, the data is too spare to fit in with traditional time series forecasting model (e.g., ARIMA). To address this crucial challenge, this paper proposes a novel time-aware and sparsity-tolerant QoS values prediction approach based on collaborative filtering. Our approach combines limited historical QoS value with collaborative filtering method to forecast the personalized QoS values. Based on the limited data, our approach firstly forecasts user-service pairs that have historical usage experiences, and then uses CF-based method to predict personalized QoS values. Finally, we combine the results from temporal forecasting with those from CF prediction as the final forecasted QoS values. The extensive experiments show that the proposed approach efficiently improves the forecasting coverage and accuracy.
Conformational flexibility in a small globular hormone: X‐ray analysis of avian pancreatic polypeptide at 0.98‐Å resolution (1983)

Abstract The 36‐amino acid avian pancreatic polypeptide has been studied by x‐ray analysis at 0.98‐Å resolution and refined using a restrained least‐squares technique to an agreement factor of 15.6%. The polypeptide, which has a compact globular structure with a hydrophobic core, comprises a polyproline–like helix (residues 2–8) and an α‐helix (residues 14–32). The molecule forms symmetrical dimers linked through zinc atoms in the crystal lattice. The high‐resolution analysis defines sequence‐dependent distortions in the α‐helical parameters due to hydrogen bonding of water molecules and side chains. The thermal parameters indicate an increased flexibility of the main chain at the turn between the helices and in the C‐terminal residues. For the first time, six‐parameter anisotropic thermal ellipsoids have been refined for each atom; these define the directions of the molecular motions in the polypeptide, indicating concerted vibrations. The physiological roles of conformation, flexibility, and dynamics of this polypeptide hormone are discussed.
Antioxidant Effect of Polysaccharide Peptide of Ganoderma lucidum in Diabetic Rats (2015)

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) that oxidative stress plays key role for diabetescomplication vascular. Antioxidant agent is needed to attenuate the oxidative stress. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate polysaccharide peptide (PsP) of the extract of Ganoderma lucidum as an antioxidant that attenuate oxidative stress toinhibits the process of atherogenesis in rats model of diabetes. Methods: The study was experimental study design. Thirty Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were divided into 5 groups: group treated with High Fat Diet (HFD) and Streptozotocin injection subcutan given PsP dose 50, 150 and 300 mg/KgBW and group without PsP, normal rats as a control group. Parameters measured were the levels of MDA, SOD and H2O2. Result: After 5 weeks of treatment with PsP, level of MDA and H2O2in rats model of diabetes waslower significantly (p = 0.006), (p = 0.003) respectivelyand PsP can significantly enhance the level of SOD (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Based on this study, PsP can be usefull alternativeas antioxidant that attenuate oxidative stress to inhibit the process of atherogenesis in a mouse model of diabetes induced by HFD and streptozotocin.
Tracking Performance Of Momentum Lms Algorithm For A Chirped Sinusoidal Signal (2000)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000