gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving Education Through the Application of Measurement and Research: A Practitioner's Perspective (1988)

A great deal of measurement research is currently being utilized to improve instruction at the elementary and secondary levels, but many opportunities for improving utilization are still untapped. The author proposes specific approaches to increased collaboration between researchers and practitioners to meet the burgeoning research needs of the nations' schools and to assist in data-based decision-making efforts. Society's increasing demands for accurate, usable data have contributed to the urgent current need for viable, appropriate research. This need can be met only by reseachers and practitioners working together to provide answers to critical educational questions.
.beta.-Lactams. 35. Antibacterial activity of monocyclic .beta.-lactams (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.beta.-Lactams. 35. Antibacterial activity of monocyclic .beta.-lactamsAjay K. Bose, M. S. Manhas, J. C. Kapur, S. D. Sharma, and S. G. AminCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 5, 541–544Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00251a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views196Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (506 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Presence of monoclonal free light chains in the serum predicts risk of progression in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (2004)

We hypothesized that the presence of monoclonal free light chains (FLC) in the serum of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a marker of clonal evolution and a risk factor for progression. Forty-seven patients with MGUS and documented progression to myeloma or related malignancy were compared with 50 age- and gender-matched patients with MGUS and no evidence of progression after 5 or more years of follow-up. The presence of an abnormal kappa/lambda FLC ratio in the serum was associated with a higher risk of MGUS progression (relative risk 2.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.6-4.0; P < 0.001).
NASA ground and launch systems processing technology area roadmap (2012)

This paper describes the NASA Ground and Launch Systems Processing (GLSP) Technology Area Roadmap, one of an integrated set of 14 roadmaps developed under the NASA Office of the Chief Technologist to foster the development of advanced technologies and concepts that address NASA's needs and contribute to other aerospace and national needs. T h e GLSP Roadmap was developed to identify ground, launch and mission technologies that will dramatically transform future space operations with significant improvement in life cycle costs and the quality of life on earth, increasing reliability and mission availability, and enhancing methods to assess safety and mission risk posture.
Multicoil Telemetry System for Compensation of Coil Misalignment Effects in Implantable Systems (2012)

Inductive coupling-based wireless power transfer (WPT) is commonly used for near-field power and data transfer to implanted electronics. Some implanted coils undergo relative motion during device operation causing variation in magnetic coupling from their normal position. To ensure stable power transfer efficiency and frequency bandwidth, these WPT systems should have high tolerance with coupling variation. In this letter, a multicoil-based WPT system is utilized to achieve high tolerance for system power transfer efficiency and data bandwidth. It is demonstrated that a multicoil WPT system can reduce variation by half in power transfer efficiency (PTE) and by one third in frequency bandwidth compared to a two-coil WPT system with the same dimensions and operating conditions.
An Increase in Activity of Serotonergic Retzius Neurones May not be Necessary for the Consummatory Phase of Feeding in the Leech <i>Hirudo Medicinalis</i> (1996)

During the consummatory phase of feeding, in which blood is ingested, medicinal leeches display a characteristic set of behaviours: they extend their jaws, are less responsive to sensory input, produce mucus, relax the body wall and exhibit waves of peristalsis that can run the length of the body. Earlier reports suggested that this pattern of behaviour is orchestrated by serotonin released from Retzius cells in response to the appropriate sensory stimulation of the lip. We have developed a semi-intact preparation in which only the nervous system in the posterior half of the leech was exposed. The front half of the leech was free to explore, bite through and feed until satiated from a blood-filled sausage casing while continuous intracellular and extracellular recordings were made from identified cells and the nerve roots of the exposed segments. Prior to attachment of the animal to the feeding device, the firing frequency of the Retzius cell increased transiently during spontaneous movements or tactile stimuli to its front or posterior end. In contrast, Retzius cell activity decreased after the anterior sucker attached to the membrane of the feeding device at about the time when ingestion was initiated. Increased activity of Leydig cells, which are known to modulate several circuits in the leech, was also associated with exploration. However, unlike that of Retzius cells, the activity of Leydig cells increased significantly following the onset of consumption. These results suggest that increased activity of Retzius cells in midbody ganglia is not a prerequisite for the consummatory phase of feeding and raises questions regarding the role of serotonin in regulating this behaviour.
The Condensation of Polyhydric Phenols with Acetone (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Condensation of Polyhydric Phenols with AcetoneC. Harold Fisher, Robert W. Furlong, and Morton GrantCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 5, 820–822Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01296a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01296a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Caspase-1 Contributes to<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>-Induced Upper Urogenital Tract Inflammatory Pathologies without Affecting the Course of Infection (2007)

Chlamydia trachomatis infection induces inflammatory pathologies in the upper genital tract, potentially leading to ectopic pregnancy and infertility in the affected women. Caspase-1 is required for processing and release of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-18, and possibly IL-33. In the present study, we evaluated the role of caspase-1 in chlamydial infection and pathogenesis. Although chlamydial infection induced caspase-1 activation and processing of IL-1beta, mice competent and mice deficient in caspase-1 experienced similar courses of chlamydial infection in their urogenital tracts, suggesting that Chlamydia-activated caspase-1 did not play a significant role in resolution of chlamydial infection. However, when genital tract tissue pathologies were examined, the caspase-1-deficient mice displayed much reduced inflammatory damage. The reduction in inflammation was most obvious in the fallopian tube tissue. These observations demonstrated that although caspase-1 is not required for controlling chlamydial infection, caspase-1-mediated responses can exacerbate the Chlamydia-induced inflammatory pathologies in the upper genital tract, suggesting that the host caspase-1 may be targeted for selectively attenuating chlamydial pathogenicity without affecting the host defense against chlamydial infection.
Structural inhomogeneities in the range 2.5-2500 .ANG. in polyacrylamide gels (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural inhomogeneities in the range 2.5-2500 .ANG. in polyacrylamide gelsAnne Marie Hecht, Robert Duplessix, and Erik GeisslerCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 11, 2167–2173Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00153a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00153a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views685Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Graphene, the new nanocarbon (2009)

Graphene is a fascinating new nanocarbon possessing, single-, bi- or few- (≤ ten) layers of carbon atoms forming six-membered rings. Different types of graphene have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The extraordinary electronic properties of single-and bi-layer graphenes are indeed most unique and unexpected. Other properties of graphene such as gas adsorption characteristics, magnetic and electrochemical properties and the effects of doping by electrons and holes are equally noteworthy. Interestingly, molecular charge-transfer also markedly affects the electronic structure and properties of graphene. Many aspects of graphene are yet to be explored, including synthetic strategies which can yield sufficient quantities of graphene with the desired number of layers.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Type Strain Pseudomonas stutzeri CGMCC 1.1803 (2011)

Here we report the complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain CGMCC 1.1803 (equivalent to ATCC 17588), the type strain of P. stutzeri, which encodes 4,138 open reading frames on a 4,547,930-bp circular chromosome. The CGMCC 1.1803 genome contains genes involved in denitrification, benzoate/catechol degradation, chemotaxis, and other functions.
Properties of CdxPb1−xS Epitaxial Films (1969)

We have grown CdxPb1−xS epitaxial films on heated cleaved or polished NaCl substrates using a two source apparatus. The technique is substantially the same as that used by Bis and Zemel for the growth of PbSexTe1−x films. The composition of the films was determined both by the weight loss of the sources and the lattice constant determined by Bragg diffractometry. The films were good single crystals according to Laue patterns obtained on several specimens. The composition range was 0≤×≤0.1. Films were 1.5–6 μ in thickness. The optical transmission and reflection were measured from 2000 Å to 40 μ. There was a systematic increase in the energy of the fundamental absorption edge as x increased. This is in marked contrast to the behavior of SnxPb1−xSe and SnxPb1−xTe where increasing x leads to a decreasing energy gap. Electrical data on films where x is small indicate that the mobility and carrier concentrations are quite reasonable. High resistivities were encountered on materials with x values near to 0.1. Some photosensitivity was observed at room temperature. Values for the index of refraction have also been obtained.
Comparison of the cytotoxicity of 4 preparations of anti-T-cell globulins in various hematological malignancies. (2009)

All 4 ATGs have similar cytotoxic activity against hematological malignancies in vitro. If ATGs are used to target hematological malignancies, the choice of which ATG to use would depend on whether the required ATG concentration can be achieved in vivo.
Pathogenic Neisseriae Can Use Hemoglobin, Transferrin, and Lactoferrin Independently of the <i>tonB</i> Locus (2000)

Redundant TonB systems which function in iron transport from TonB-dependent ligands have recently been identified in several gram-negative bacteria. We demonstrate here that in addition to the previously described tonB locus, an alternative system exists for the utilization of iron from hemoglobin, transferrin, or lactoferrin in Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Following incubation on media containing hemoglobin, N. meningitidis IR3436 (tonB exbB exbD deletion mutant) and N. gonorrhoeae PD3401 (tonB insertional mutant) give rise to colonies which can grow with hemoglobin. Transfer of Hb(+) variants (PD3437 or PD3402) to media containing hemoglobin, transferrin, and/or lactoferrin as sole iron sources resulted in growth comparable to that observed for the wild-type strains. Transformation of N. meningitidis IR3436 or N. gonorrhoeae PD3401 with chromosomal DNA from the Hb(+) variants yielded transformants capable of growth with hemoglobin. When we inactivated the TonB-dependent outer membrane hemoglobin receptors (HmbR or HpuB) in the Neisseria Hb(+) variants, these strains could not grow with hemoglobin; however, growth was observed with transferrin and/or lactoferrin. These results demonstrate that accumulation of iron from hemoglobin, transferrin, and lactoferrin in the pathogenic neisseriae can occur via a system that is independent of the previously described tonB locus.
Visid/Inviscid Separated Flows. (1986)

A method has been developed for calculating subsonic three-dimensional flows over fighter aircraft configurations at flow conditions including separation. The method employs a viscid inviscid interaction approach, with a panel method used for the inviscid analysis and a finite difference boundary layer method for the viscous analysis. The viscid and inviscid analyses are coupled using an interactive technique based on inverse boundary layer theory. This approach allows efficient calculation of flows with large separation regions, including both leading and trailing edge separations. The method was validated on three fighter aircraft geometries and comparisons with test data are presented. Keywords: Jet fighters; Separated flow; Viscid/inviscid interactions; Interactive boundary layer theory; Wing-body geometry; Subsonic flow.
LIGHT Is Constitutively Expressed on T and NK Cells in the Human Gut and Can Be Induced by CD2-Mediated Signaling (2005)

The TNF superfamily cytokine, lymphotoxin-like inducible protein that competes with glycoprotein D for binding herpesvirus entry mediator on T cells (LIGHT; TNFSF14), can augment T cell responses inducing IFN-gamma production and can drive pathological gut inflammation when expressed as a transgene in mouse T cells. LIGHT expression by human intestinal T cells suggests the possibility that LIGHT may play a key role in regulation of the mucosal immune system. A nonenzymatic method was developed for the isolation of T cells from the human lamina propria, permitting analysis of native cell surface protein expression. Cell surface LIGHT was constitutively expressed on mucosal T and NK cells and a subpopulation of gut-homing CD4(+) T cells in the periphery. In addition, CD2-mediated stimulation induced efficient LIGHT expression on intestinal CD4(+) T cells, but not on peripheral blood T cells, suggesting a gut-specific, Ag-independent mechanism for LIGHT induction. By contrast, herpesvirus entry mediator expression on gut T cells was unperturbed, implicating the transcriptional regulation of LIGHT as a mechanism modulating signaling activity in the gut. Quantitative analysis of LIGHT mRNA in a cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients indicated elevated expression in biopsies from small bowel and from inflamed sites, implicating LIGHT as a mediator of mucosal inflammation.
Using Rapid Cycle Improvement Methods in Resource-Limited Settings (2011)

Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
Thermoplastic Cellulose-<i>graft</i>-poly(<scp>l</scp>-lactide) Copolymers Homogeneously Synthesized in an Ionic Liquid with 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Catalyst (2009)

An effective method for grafting L-lactide (LA) from unmodified cellulose by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in homogeneous mild conditions is presented. By using 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as an organic catalyst, cellulose-graft-poly(L-lactide) (cellulose-g-PLLA) copolymers with a molar substitution (MS(PLLA)) of PLLA in a range of 0.99-12.28 were successfully synthesized in ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) at 80 degrees C. The amount and length of grafted PLLA in cellulose-g-PLLA copolymers were controlled by adjusting the molar ratios of LA monomer to cellulose. The structure and thermal properties of cellulose-g-PLLA copolymers were characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, wide-angle X-ray powder diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and optical microscopy. The DSC results revealed that the copolymers exhibited a single glass transition temperature, T(g), which sharply decreased with the increase of MS(PLLA) up to MS(PLLA) = 8.28 (DS(PLLA) = 2.19) and increased a little with a further increase of the lactyl content. When MS(PLLA) was above 4.40, the graft copolymers exhibited thermoplastic behavior, indicating the intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in cellulose molecules had been effectively destroyed. By using a conventional thermal processing method, fibers and disks of cellulose-g-PLLA copolymers were prepared.
Status As a Valued Resource (2004)

The striving for status has long been recognized in sociology and economics. Extensive theoretical arguments and empirical evidence propose that people view status as a sign of competence and pursue it as a means to achieve power and resources. A small literature, however, based on arguments from biology and evolutionary psychology, proposes that people pursue status as an (emotional) goal in itself, independent of competence and expressed by culturally flexible symbols. We present results of an experiment with human subjects from five different national cultures. We found that the subjects valued status independently of any monetary consequence and were willing to trade off some material gain to obtain it. Although this result was stable across the five cultures, the intensity of the striving for status and the desirability of a public display of status varied strongly: the intensity of the status motive corresponded to Hofstede's power distance index of the respective culture. Finally, the amount of status seeking observed differed for men and for women, a preliminary but intriguing observation that deserves further study.
Design and FPGA Implementation of Systolic Array Architecture for Matrix Multiplication (2011)

The evolution of computer and Internet has brought demand for powerful and high speed data processing, but in such complex environment fewer methods can provide perfect solution. To handle above addressed issue, parallel computing is proposed as a solution to the contradiction. This paper provides solution for the addressed issues of demand for high speed data processing. This paper demonstrates an effective design for the Matrix Multiplication using Systolic Architecture on Reconfigurable Systems (RS) like Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
Curriculum and Research: What Are the Gaps We Ought to Mind? (2012)

In this chapter I discuss trends and issues in research eﬀorts focused on early childhood curriculum in the United States. After decades of this work, I contend that it
is still prudent for the ﬁeld to heed the infamous caution from the London
Underground system to “mind the gap.” In the case of the Underground, the gap is
used to denote the space between the platform and the car. A check of a thesaurus
indicates that “space” is one family of related words for gap, but others include
“hole” and “disparity.”
Initially I examine research from two perspectives for study, noting gaps in gen-eral. The ﬁrst perspective is questions framed as “what works,” inquiry I will refer
to as “if,” and the second is questions of “how” curriculum works. Next, I make use
of three synonyms for “gap.” First, I discuss gap as “space,” speciﬁcally using the
thesaurus suggestion of “lull.” I brieﬂy trace the historical trends in research conducted on early childhood curriculum-related questions. Second, I employ gap as
connoting “disparity” to reﬂect upon the thesaurus suggestion of “mismatch” in
relation to research questions, concerns, and methods. Finally, I utilize the word
“breach” from the thesaurus family of “hole” to explore the underlying drivers of
research eﬀorts. This review is necessarily brief; I am not able to fully discuss the
possible range of research ﬁndings. Instead, I focus on highlighting trends and
variations.
As noted by Powell (1987), eﬀorts to conduct research on curriculum have beenmarked by “the confounding of content, activities, and materials with teaching
techniques” (p. 194). In other words, while content and instruction may be separable at the theoretical level, it is more diﬃcult to recognize these boundaries as
research is conducted to understand curriculum. The deﬁnition of “curriculum” hasbeen undertaken implicitly by researchers. For many, it represents a package of
content and methods, as authored by an entity. However, qualitative researchers
are more likely to regard curriculum as lived experiences in the teaching/learning
process.