gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Structural Order on the Dark Current and Photocurrent in Zinc Octakis(.beta.-decoxyethyl)porphyrin Thin-Layer Cells (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Structural Order on the Dark Current and Photocurrent in Zinc Octakis(.beta.-decoxyethyl)porphyrin Thin-Layer CellsChong-Yang Liu, Horng-Long Pan, Huajun Tang, Marye Anne Fox, and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 19, 7632–7636Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100019a050https://doi.org/10.1021/j100019a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Optically Active 4-Benzyloxymethyl- and 4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)methylbuten-2-olides via Lipase-Mediated Resolution (1993)

A new preparation of optically active 4-benzyloxymethyl- and 4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)methylbuten-2-olides has been developed by employing lipase-mediated resolution and palladium-mediated carbomethoxylation as key steps.
Selective detection of histamine H3 receptor-dependent G protein activity in rat brain tissue sections (1998)

Recent studies suggest that the brain histaminergic system and especially the H3 receptors are involved in the regulation of alcohol consumption and alcohol-induced behaviors. Part of this effect might be due to a modulation of ethanol-induced sedation by central histamine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of several histaminergic drugs on ethanol-induced sedation using the loss of righting reflex experimental protocol in female Swiss mice. A pretreatment with l-histidine, the histamine precursor, significantly reduced ethanol-induced sedation, suggesting that brain histamine protects against the sedative effects of ethanol. In a second set of experiments, several H3 receptor agonists (immepip or imetit) and inverse agonists/antagonists (thioperamide, A331440, or BF2.649) were tested. Surprisingly, both H3 receptor agonists and antagonists potentiated the sedative effects of ethanol. This paradoxical effect might be due to the subtle regulatory actions related to the H3 heteroreceptor function.
Climodien® (estradiol valerate 2 mg plus dienogest 2 mg) is safe and effective in the treatment of postmenopausal complaints (2001)

Continuous combined estrogen-progestin therapy with Climodien is effective, safe and well tolerated in postmenopausal women, with a profile and incidence of adverse events consistent with those of existing HRT preparations.
A DevOps framework for quality-driven self-protection in web software systems (2018)

Modern software is developed, deployed and operates continuously. At the same time, cyberattacks are on the rise. The continuity of development and operations and the constant threat of attacks requires novel approaches to identify, analyze and address potential security vulnerabilities. In this continuous and volatile execution environment, factors like security, performance, cost and functionality may not be able to be guaranteed in the same degree at the same time. In this work, we propose a DevOps framework for security adaptation that enables the development and operations teams to collaborate and address security vulnerabilities. The proposed framework spans across the different phases of software (development, operations, maintenance) and considers all other factors (performance, cost, functionality), when deciding for security adaptations. We demonstrate the approach on a prototype tool that shows how teams work together to tackle security concerns.
Exosomal cargo including microRNA regulates sensory neuron to macrophage communication after nerve trauma (2017)

Following peripheral axon injury, dysregulation of non-coding microRNAs (miRs) occurs in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons. Here we show that DRG neuron cell bodies release extracellular vesicles, including exosomes containing miRs, upon activity. We demonstrate that miR-21-5p is released in the exosomal fraction of cultured DRG following capsaicin activation of TRPV1 receptors. Pure sensory neuron-derived exosomes released by capsaicin are readily phagocytosed by macrophages in which an increase in miR-21-5p expression promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype. After nerve injury in mice, miR-21-5p is upregulated in DRG neurons and both intrathecal delivery of a miR-21-5p antagomir and conditional deletion of miR-21 in sensory neurons reduce neuropathic hypersensitivity as well as the extent of inflammatory macrophage recruitment in the DRG. We suggest that upregulation and release of miR-21 contribute to sensory neuron-macrophage communication after damage to the peripheral nerve.
LASL (Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory) Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Project (1978)

Geothermal resources are classified as hydrothermal reservoirs, geopressured reservoirs, lavas and magmas, and hot dry rock. As yet, only hydrothermal reservoirs have been tapped for heat and power. However, for the past 5 yr the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) has been working toward exploiting a much more abundant geothermal resource--hot dry rock (HDR). If this project is successful, hot dry rock systems could greatly expand the energy-producing potential of the geothermal resource and could offer a clean, abundant energy source for the future. The hot dry rock resource is plentiful, but the technology for using this energy resource is still being developed. The LASL HDR Project is the first to attempt to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of a hot dry rock system.
Morphologies of micron‐sized monodispersed composite polymer particles having crosslinked structures produced by seeded polymerizations (1995)

Abstract Three kinds of micron‐sized monodispersed polystyrene (PS)/ poly(styrene ‐ divinylbenzene) composite particles were produced by two kinds of seeded copolymerizations of styrene (S) and divinylbenzene (DVB) (PS seed/ (S+DVB)=2/1, wt. ratio; S/DVB=1/1, molar ratio) in the presence of about 2 μm‐sized monodispersed PS particles, and their morphologies were examined. One was produced by a seeded dispersion copolymerization where almost monomers and initiators exist in an ethanol/water (12.6/4.0, w/w) medium. The others two were produced by seeded copolymerizations with the dynamic swelling method where almost monomers exist in the monomer‐swollen particles using 2, 2'‐azobisisobutyronitrile in monomer‐swollen PS seed particles or using 4, 4'‐azobis (4‐cyanopentanoic acid) in an ethanol/water (7/43, w/w) medium. In the former polymerization, the produced composite particles had a high dense crosslinked shell, whereas in the latter two polymerizations, they did the comparatively homogeneous crosslinked structures.
Photooxidation of Polymers (1989)

Surface-functionalization resist schemes are an increasingly popular means for achieving submicrometer resolution by optical lithography. Several workers have been successful in utilizing such schemes to obtain high resolution, negative-tone, submicrometer patterns by selective introduction of Si in the exposed regions. However, because of silicon's moderate etch selectivity and the substantial diffusion depth and large concentrations needed to provide enough etch resistance, this method may not be able to resolve features smaller than 0.5 μm with reasonable sensitivity. We have found that hydrophilic organic polymers treated with TiCl4 have much higher etching selectivities than organosilicon polymers in an O2 plasma. This paper examines some of the parameters that influence the reaction of TiCl4 with a variety of polymers. We find that TiCl4, readily functionalizes hydrophilic as well as moderately hydrophobic polymers, but fails to functionalize very hydrophobic films. Rutherford backscattering analysis reveals that TiCl4 is hydrolyzed at hydrophilic polymer surfaces that have sorbed water. Lack of surface water on hydrophobic polymers explains the absence of a TIO2 layer on these polymer surfaces. From these observations, a photooxidative scheme has been developed in which a hydrophobic resist becomes hydrophilic upon oxidation induced by deep UV (248 and 193 nm) radiation. Subsequent treatment with TiCl4 followed by oxygen reactive ion etching then affords high-resolution, negative-tone patterns. Studies are currently underway to minimize the line edge roughness and background residue present in such patterns.
Optical surface edge Bloch modes: low-loss subwavelength-scale two-dimensional light localization (2012)

An optical surface edge Bloch mode is an optical state evanescently bound at an edge on a finite-size three-dimensional photonic crystal; the edge is the intersection of two termination planes on the crystal. Low-loss subwavelength-scale edge modes can appear on an <010> edge of a dielectric woodpile within a complete photonic bandgap. The mode area is as small as 0.066 squared half-in-vacuum-wavelengths. The edge mode has field maxima in vacuum near the termination surface, like surface plasmon modes. This edge mode would provide new opportunities of low-loss light localization in a sub-diffraction-limit space without the use of metal.
Trichomoniasis (2004)

Trichomoniasis is perhaps the most common curable sexually transmitted disease worldwide, yet few resources are devoted to its control. It is associated with potentially serious complications such as preterm birth and human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and transmission. The immunology of a related organism, Tritrichomonas foetus, which causes disease in cattle, has been investigated to some extent, but more work is needed for the human strain, Trichomonas vaginalis. In addition, although trichomoniasis is easily treated with oral metronidazole, there is concern that the number of strains resistant to this antibiotic are increasing, and currently no alternative is licensed in the United States. As more is appreciated concerning the important public health implications of this common infection, more work will need to be done in understanding the diagnosis, treatment, and immunology of this organism.
<i>Alw</i>26l,<i>Eco</i>31l and<i>Esp</i>3l-type Ils methyltransferases modifying cytosine and adenine in complementary strands of the target DNA (1992)

The specificity of three DNA methyltransferases M.Alw26I, M.Eco31I and M.Esp3I, isolated from Acinetobacter Iwoffi RFL26, Escherichia coli RFL31 and Hafnia alvei RFL3+, respectively, was determined. All the enzymes methylate both strands of asymmetric recognition sites yielding m5C in the top-strand and m6A in the bottom-strand, as below: 5'-GTm5CTC 5'-GGTm5CTC 5'-CGTm5CTC 3'-Cm6AGAG 3'-CCm6AGAG 3'-GCm6AGAG (M.Alw26I) (M.Eco31I) (M.Esp3I) They are the first members of type IIs methyltransferases that modify different types of nucleotides in the recognition sequence.
Novel in vitro method for identification of individuals at risk for beryllium hypersensitivity (1994)

Beryllium-specific lymphocytes were generated by in vitro immunization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy unexposed individuals. Measurement of blastogenic responses of PBMC by [3H]thymidine uptake demonstrated that sensitization of PBMC with beryllium salts followed by stimulation with unrelated salts resulted in a negative response, whereas sensitization and restimulation of PBMC with beryllium salts produced a positive response. Flow cytometric and cell depletion analyses showed that all of the responding cells were CD4+ T cells. The in vitro immunization system was used to screen 52 human subjects for susceptibility to beryllium sensitization in vitro. The results show that of the 52 healthy unexposed subjects tested, only 1 (2%) was highly responsive, 4 subjects (8%) were moderately responsive, 20 subjects (39%) were low-level responders, and 27 subjects (52%) were nonresponders. The results showing 2% high-level responsiveness to beryllium sensitization in vitro correlate with the 1 to 5% prevalence of chronic beryllium disease in individuals sensitized to beryllium dust in vivo and thus support the thesis that the in vitro immunization system may permit the identification of individuals at risk for beryllium hypersensitivity.
ABC50 Promotes Translation Initiation in Mammalian Cells (2009)

ABC50 is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein, which, unlike most ABC proteins, does not possess membrane-spanning domains. ABC50 interacts with eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), which plays a key role in translation initiation and its control. ABC50 binds to ribosomes, and this interaction requires both the N-terminal domain and at least one ABC domain. Knockdown of ABC50 by RNA interference impaired translation of both cap-dependent and -independent reporters, consistent with a positive role for ABC50 in the function of eIF2, which is required for both types of translation initiation. Mutation of the Walker box A or B motifs in both ABC regions of ABC50 yielded a mutant protein that exerted a dominant-interfering phenotype with respect to protein synthesis and translation initiation. Importantly, although dominant-interfering mutants of ABC50 impaired cap-dependent translation, translation driven by certain internal ribosome entry segments was not inhibited. ABC50 is located in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm but not in the nucleolus. Thus, ABC50 is not likely to be directly involved in early ribosomal biogenesis, unlike some other ABC proteins. Taken together, the present data show that ABC50 plays a key role in translation initiation and has functions that are distinct from those of other non-membrane ABC proteins.
Activation of the stress protein response prevents the development of pulmonary edema by inhibiting VEGF cell signaling in a model of lung ischemia‐reperfusion injury in rats (2006)

Lung endothelial damage is a characteristic morphological feature of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, although the molecular steps involved in the loss of endothelial integrity are still poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cell signaling would be responsible for the increase in lung vascular permeability seen early after the onset of I/R in rats. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the I/R-induced pulmonary edema would be significantly attenuated in rats by the activation of the stress protein response. Pretreatment with Ad Flk-1, an adenovirus encoding for the soluble VEGF receptor type II, prevented I/R-mediated increase in lung vascular permeability in rats. Furthermore, the I/R-induced lung injury was significantly decreased by prior activation of the stress protein response with geldanamycin or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. In vitro studies demonstrated that VEGF caused an increase in protein permeability across primary cultures of bovine macro- and microvascular lung endothelial cell monolayers that were associated with a phosphorylation of VE- and E-cadherin and the formation of actin stress fibers. Activation of the stress protein response prevented the VEGF-mediated changes in protein permeability across these cell monolayers and reduced the phosphorylation of VE-and E-cadherins, as well as the formation of actin stress fibers in these cells.
An Extensible Semantic Model of Data Base and Its Data language. (1974)

Cytokines such as interferons (IFN), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins (IL), and growth factors are suggested to occupy a central position in a putative network of cytokine interactions in vivo which act to maintain homeostasis in normal tissues. Recent results suggest that specific interferon genes are transcribed at low levels in the organs of normal individuals in the apparent absence of virus infection while other interferon genes remain unexpressed in the same tissues. In contrast, the genes of cytokines such as IL-1, TNF, and IFN beta-2/IL-6 appear to be regulated in vivo in a manner quite distinct from that of interferon genes as these cytokines are expressed at high levels in the spleen, liver, and peripheral blood leukocytes of normal individuals. The localized production and action of a cytokine could provide a mean of attaining specificity of action for multifunctional cytokines. Thus under physiological conditions the activity expressed by a particular cytokine may be determined by tissue specific interactions which may in turn be influenced by other cytokines. Abnormal production of a particular cytokine would lead to a perturbation of homeostasis and may contribute to the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.
Efficient computation for the noisy MAX (2003)

Díez's algorithm for the noisy MAX is very efficient for polytrees, but when the network has loops, it has to be combined with local conditioning, a suboptimal propagation algorithm. Other algorithms, based on several factorizations of the conditional probability of the noisy MAX, are not as efficient for polytrees but can be combined with general propagation algorithms such as clustering or variable elimination, which are more efficient for networks with loops. In this article we propose a new factorization of the noisy MAX that amounts to Díez's algorithm in the case of polytrees and at the same time is more efficient than previous factorizations when combined with either variable elimination or clustering. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Binding Rather Than Metabolism May Explain the Interaction of Two Food-Grade <i>Lactobacillus</i> Strains with Zearalenone and Its Derivative ɑ-Zearalenol (2002)

The interaction between two Fusarium mycotoxins, zearalenone (ZEN) and its derivative (')alpha-zearalenol ((')alpha-ZOL), with two food-grade strains of Lactobacillus was investigated. The mycotoxins (2 microg ml(-1)) were incubated with either Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG or L. rhamnosus strain LC705. A considerable proportion (38 to 46%) of both toxins was recovered from the bacterial pellet, and no degradation products of ZEN and (')alpha-ZOL were detected in the high-performance liquid chromatograms of the supernatant of the culturing media and the methanol extract of the pellet. Both heat-treated and acid-treated bacteria were capable of removing the toxins, indicating that binding, not metabolism, is the mechanism by which the toxins are removed from the media. Binding of ZEN or (')alpha-ZOL by lyophilized L. rhamnosus GG and L. rhamnosus LC705 was a rapid reaction: approximately 55% of the toxins were bound instantly after mixing with the bacteria. Binding was dependent on the bacterial concentration, and coincubation of ZEN with (')alpha-ZOL significantly affected the percentage of the toxin bound, indicating that these toxins may share the same binding site on the bacterial surface. These results can be exploited in developing a new approach for detoxification of mycotoxins from foods and feeds.
An on-line algorithm for semantic forgetting (2011)

Ontologies that evolve through use to support new domain tasks can grow extremely large. Moreover, large ontologies require more resources to use and have slower response times than small ones. To help address this problem, we present an on-line semantic forgetting algorithm that removes ontology fragments containing infrequently used or cheap to relearn concepts. We situate our algorithm in an extension of the widely used RoboCup Rescue platform, which provides simulated tasks to agents. We show that our agents send fewer messages and complete more tasks, and thus achieve a greater degree of success, than other state-of-the-art approaches.
Influence of encapsulation temperature on Ge:P<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:math>-doped layers (2009)

We present a systematic study of the influence of the encapsulation temperature on dopant confinement and electrical properties of Ge:P $\ensuremath{\delta}$-doped layers. For increasing growth temperature we observe an enhancement of the electrical properties accompanied by an increased segregation of the phosphorous donors, resulting in a slight broadening of the $\ensuremath{\delta}$ layer. We demonstrate that a step-flow growth achieved at $\ensuremath{\sim}530\text{ }\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\text{C}$ provides the best compromise between high crystal quality and minimal dopant redistribution, with an electron mobility $\ensuremath{\sim}128\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{2}/\text{Vs}$ at a carrier density $1.3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{14}\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, and a 4.2 K phase coherence length of $\ensuremath{\sim}180\text{ }\text{nm}$.
ENHANCED IONIC RECOGNITION BY A FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SOL-GEL: SYNTHESIS AND METAL ION SELECTIVITY OF DIAMINOETHANE DERIVATIVE (2001)

A newly developed double-imprinting methodology was extended to synthesize mesoporous sol-gels that contain a diaminoethane functional group. Formation of a bis[(3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl] ethylenediamine metal complex, followed by hydrolysis and condensation with tetraethylorthosilicate in the presence of dodecylamine surfactant resulted in the formation of the solid xerogel. Acid washing protonated the amino groups that release the metal ions. This resulted in the formation of binding sites that are uniquely designed with the coordination environment the metal ion prefers. Mesopores were formed by the extraction of the surfactant micelles to give this material relatively large surface areas and good mass-transfer characteristics. A copper (II) imprinted gel showed significantly more enhancement of copper (II) uptake capacities at various concentrations than did a nonimprinted gel made without the metal ion template. The imprinted material also exhibited improved selectivity for removal of copper (II) from Cu2+-Zn2+ aqueous solutions. A sample of the copper imprinted sorbent, which absorbed a total of 99.3% of the copper from a 10− mol/L aqueous solution, removed 95% within 15 minutes. This material has copper distribution coefficients (K d) as high as 12 000 at 10−4 mol/L. A separation factor, K > 85, with respect to copper (II) was achieved with an aqueous Cu2+-Zn2+ system at pH 5.0.