gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF RAPAMYCIN ON HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN VIVO SUPPRESSION OF PRIMARY RESPONSES BUT NOT OF ONGOING ALLOANTIBODY SYNTHESIS OR MEMORY RESPONSES (1992)

The effect of rapamycin on primary and secondary alloantibody responses to major histocompatibility complex class I antigens was investigated in inbred rat strains. Primary anti-MHC class I alloantibody responses, detected by indirect hemagglutination and complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays, were abrogated in high-responder WAG (RT1u) recipients of DA (RT1a) blood transfusions, given on days 0 and 7 of a 14-day course of rapamycin (3 mg/kg/day). Antibody class studies showed that both IgM and IgG responses were equally effectively inhibited. Moreover, when these animals were rechallenged with DA transfusions, 28 days after drug withdrawal, they exhibited donor-specific humoral unresponsiveness. Similar results were observed in cyclosporine-treated rats. In preimmunized high-responder LEW (RT1(1)) rats with high titer anti-DA class I alloantibodies, a 35-day course of rapamycin (3 mg/kg/day) had no significant suppressive effect on serum alloantibody levels when compared with untreated preimmunized control animals. WAG rats were immunized by DA transfusions and serum antibody levels then allowed to decay over 16 weeks. The animals were then challenged with a further DA transfusion given on the second day of a 14-day course of rapamycin (3 mg/kg/day). Alloantibody responses to the challenge transfusion in this group were not, however, significantly suppressed when compared with a non-drug-treated control group. The results of this study indicate that rapamycin is a potent inhibitor of primary alloantibody synthesis in high-responder rat strains, but does not significantly suppress alloantibody synthesis in animals with established humoral reactivity. These results may be of relevance if rapamycin is to be used in clinical renal transplantation, because in man similar antibodies mediate hyperacute rejection, and when they develop after transplantation are associated with very high rates of rejection.
Control and stability analysis for the Vdd-hopping mechanism (2009)

In low-power electronics, achieving a high energy efficiency has great relevance. Nowadays, global asynchronous local synchronous systems enables to use a local dynamic voltage scaling architecture. This technique allows to reach a high energy efficiency. Moreover, local dynamic voltage scaling can be implemented using different approaches. One of them is the Vdd-hopping technique. In this paper, we propose an innovative control approach which aims for minimizing the energy dissipated during the Vdd-hopping transients. In addition, our control also includes the ability to limit the current peaks during such transients. Stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed. A discrete version of this controller is obtained, which coincides with energy-aware control (ENARC) that is patent pending. And a comparison of this last one with another published is done.
CloudCV: Deep Learning and Computer Vision on the Cloud (2016)

We are witnessing a proliferation of massive visual data. Visual content is arguably the fastest growing data on the web. Photo-sharing websites like Flickr and Facebook now host more than 6 and 90 billion photos, respectively. Unfortunately, scaling existing computer vision algorithms to large datasets leaves researchers repeatedly solving the same algorithmic and infrastructural problems. Designing and implementing efficient and provably correct computer vision algorithms is extremely challenging. Researchers must repeatedly solve the same low-level problems: building and maintaining a cluster of machines, formulating each component of the computer vision pipeline, designing new deep learning layers, writing custom hardware wrappers, etc. This thesis introduces CloudCV, an ambitious system that contain algorithms for end-to-end processing of visual content. The goal of the project is to democratize computer vision; one should not have to be a computer vision, big data and deep learning expert to have access to state-of-the-art distributed computer vision algorithms. We provide researchers, students and developers access to state-of-art distributed computer vision and deep learning algorithms as a cloud service through web interface and APIs.
Stochastic Assembly of Bacteria in Microwell Arrays Reveals the Importance of Confinement in Community Development (2016)

The structure and function of microbial communities is deeply influenced by the physical and chemical architecture of the local microenvironment and the abundance of its community members. The complexity of this natural parameter space has made characterization of the key drivers of community development difficult. In order to facilitate these characterizations, we have developed a microwell platform designed to screen microbial growth and interactions across a wide variety of physical and initial conditions. Assembly of microbial communities into microwells was achieved using a novel biofabrication method that exploits well feature sizes for control of innoculum levels. Wells with incrementally smaller size features created populations with increasingly larger variations in inoculum levels. This allowed for reproducible growth measurement in large (20 μm diameter) wells, and screening for favorable growth conditions in small (5, 10 μm diameter) wells. We demonstrate the utility of this approach for screening and discovery using 5 μm wells to assemble P. aeruginosa colonies across a broad distribution of innoculum levels, and identify those conditions that promote the highest probability of survivial and growth under spatial confinement. Multi-member community assembly was also characterized to demonstrate the broad potential of this platform for studying the role of member abundance on microbial competition, mutualism and community succession.
Essential role of Epac2/Rap1 signaling in regulation of insulin granule dynamics by cAMP (2007)

cAMP is well known to regulate exocytosis in various secretory cells, but the precise mechanism of its action remains unknown. Here, we examine the role of cAMP signaling in the exocytotic process of insulin granules in pancreatic beta cells. Although activation of cAMP signaling alone does not cause fusion of the granules to the plasma membrane, it clearly potentiates both the first phase (a prompt, marked, and transient increase) and the second phase (a moderate and sustained increase) of glucose-induced fusion events. Interestingly, all granules responsible for this potentiation are newly recruited and immediately fused to the plasma membrane without docking (restless newcomer). Importantly, cAMP-potentiated fusion events in the first phase of glucose-induced exocytosis are markedly reduced in mice lacking the cAMP-binding protein Epac2 (Epac2(ko/ko)). In addition, the small GTPase Rap1, which is activated by cAMP specifically through Epac2 in pancreatic beta cells, mediates cAMP-induced insulin secretion in a protein kinase A-independent manner. We also have developed a simulation model of insulin granule movement in which potentiation of the first phase is associated with an increase in the insulin granule density near the plasma membrane. Taken together, these data indicate that Epac2/Rap1 signaling is essential in regulation of insulin granule dynamics by cAMP, most likely by controlling granule density near the plasma membrane.
Realizing and Implementing Location-based Access Control Policies (2013)

I would like to thank my advisors Elli Androulaki, Claudio Marforio and Claudio Soriente for supervising me.I would not have chosen to work on this intriguing topic without Elli who proposed
Formation and prevention of bubbles when melt processing Ag-sheathed Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>CaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>x</sub>(2212) conductors (1995)

We observed that the extent of bubbling of Ag-sheathed Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox tape varied with the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the surrounding atmosphere during melt processing. Tape that did not bubble when processed in air or 50% O2 was severely bubbled when processed in 100% O2 (Ptotal=0.1 MPa). When a tape was held at the maximum melt processing temperature ( approximately 890 degrees C) and the atmosphere was changed from air or 50% O2 to 100% O2, bubbles formed in the previously unbubbled tape. These bubbles often grew to be tens of centimetres in length and are called tunnels. The formation of tunnels is thought to be driven by the PCo2 in the sheath from residual carbon in the powder. Increasing pO2 is thought to either increase PCO2 change the physical properties of the Ag allowing the sheath to deform in 100% O2.
Ultrastructural changes in the pars distalis of the maturing male rat (1972)

Abstract Anterior pituitary glands of male rats (2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 25, 36, 52, 56, and 62 days of age) were processed for electron microscopy. During early postnatal stages secretory cells are found in various stages of differentiation and comparatively few secretory granules are seen. Nuclei are mostly irregular, and the nucleo‐cytoplasmic ratio is large. Many free ribosomes are present; the endoplasmic reticulum is generally sparse and the Golgi complex small or invisible. Cells are of variable shape, and numerous cytoplasmic processes project into large intercellular spaces. Many electron‐dense cells which often contain myelinlike figures are seen. Lysosomes and lysosomal precursors are frequently found in secretory cells, predominantly in somatotrophs, of all immature glands. Mitotic figures are numerous in early stages after brith and decrease in number as the gland grows in size. A gradual increase in cytoplasmic volume with concomitant differentiation of cytoplasmic components as well as accumulation of secretory granules, accompanied by loss of myelin‐like figures and decrease in the number of electron‐dense cells, is observed as the animal reaches the prepuberal stage. Few lysosomes are seen in cells of mature glands. At 36 days of age all secretory cells seem to have differentiated, and morphological features as well as granule content show little change until puberty is reached. Gonadotrophs attain their characteristic morphology later than other cells. Cilia are observed in all developmental stages but are relatively infrequent in the mature gland. The described ultrastructural characteristics reflect the degree of maturation as well as the functional capacities of secretory cells at particular stages of development.
Hybrid Hydrogel with High Water Vapor Harvesting Capacity for Deployable Solar-Driven Atmospheric Water Generator (2018)

The Earth's atmosphere holds approximately 12 900 billion tons of fresh water distributed all over the world with fast replenishment. Atmospheric water harvesting is emerging as a promising strategy for clean water production in arid regions, land-locked areas, and remote communities. The water vapor sorbent is the key component for atmospheric water harvesting devices based on absorbing-releasing process. In this work, a flexible hybrid photothermal water sorbent composed of deliquescent salt and hydrogel was rationally fabricated. It possesses superior water sorption capacity even in low humidity air thanks to the deliquescent salt and maintains a solid form after it sorbs a large amount of water owing to the hydrogel platform. The harvested water could be easily released under regular sunlight via the photothermal effect, and it can be directly reused without noticeable capacity fading. An "easy-to-assemble-at-household" prototype device with 35 g of the dry hydrogel was tested outdoors under field conditions and delivered 20 g of fresh water within 2.5 h under natural sunlight. It is estimated that the material cost of making such a device to supply minimum daily water consumption for an adult (i.e., 3 kg) is only $3.20 (USD). This type of atmospheric water generator (AWG) is cheap and affordable, works perfectly with a broad range of humidity, does not need any electricity, and thus is especially suitable for clean water production in remote areas.
Synthesen mit α‐Amino‐alkyl‐phosphonsäureestern, I (1965)

Abstract Es wird eine einfache Synthese von aromatisch substituierten Enaminen und Amidinen beschrieben. Sie beruht auf der Umsetzung der tieffarbigen Anionen von α‐Amino‐alkyl‐phosphonsäureestern mit Aldehyden. Die Hydrolyse der Enamine führt zu den erwarteten Desoxybenzoinen. Die neue Methode zeichnet sich durch apparative Einfachheit aus. Sie ist besonders bemerkenswert dadurch, daß man, je nach der Reihenfolge in der die Reaktionspartner eingeführt werden, das eine oder das andere der isomeren Enamine bzw. Desoxybenzoine, d. h. entweder R  CO  CH 2  R′ oder R  CH 2  CO  R′, erhalten kann.
Micro thermoindicators and optical-electronic temperature control for microfluidic applications (2007)

The authors report the design and implementation of sensing and control of local temperature in polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic reaction chip, based on the fabrication of a microtemperature sensor with thermochromic color bars and the associated optical and electronic feedback controls. The thermochromic color bar demonstrates easy and accurate local temperature monitoring. In combination with a microheater, this contactless microchip temperature control approach may have wide application potentials in microchemical and microbiological analyses.
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA (1980)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea is a dangerous and potentially life threatening occurrence for which the otolaryngologist is often consulted. CSF otorrhea occurs on the basis of skull fracture, tumor, infections, congenital anomalies, and operative trauma. Forty-three patients with CSF otorrhea of varied etiology are reviewed in this paper. Eight cases are of congenital or labyrinthine origin confirming at surgery the probable connection between the subarachnoid and perilymphatic spaces. Eleven cases had spinal fluid otorrhea due to infection. All cases presented with symptoms of chronic infection: 4 cases had a history of previous surgery for chronic ear disease; 7 cases had temporal lobe abscess; 1 case had a cerebellar abscess; 8 had tegmen defects secondary to cholesteatoma; in 1 case the tegmen defect was due to previous surgery for chronic infection. Nine of 11 cases have serviceable hearing postoperatively. Fourteen cases of spinal fluid otorrhea resulted from trauma: 1 case was due to traumatic stapes footplate fracture in a congenitally malformed ear; 4 were due to transverse temporal bone fracture; and 9 were due to longitudinal temporal bone fractures. All transverse fractures resulted in nonhearing ears. Three cases were due to a combination of temporal bone fracture and infection. In 2 of these cases chronic infection preceded the fracture; in 1 case the fracture led to chronic ear disease with spinal fluid leakage. One patient required 1 surgical procedure for closure of the otorrhea, 1 patient 2 procedures, and 1 patient 3 procedures. Ten cases are due to translabyrinthine acoustic neuroma removal: 7 cases had resolution of the spinal fluid leakage after conservative nonsurgical treatment; and 3 required surgical intervention using muscle, fat and fascia obliteration of the spinal fluid pathway.
Quantum Dot-based Immunohistochemistry for Pathological Applications (2016)

Quantum dots (QDs) are novel light emitting semiconductor nanocrystals with diameter ranging from 2 to 20 nm. In comparison with traditional organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, QDs possess unique optical properties including extremely high fluorescence efficiency and minimal photobleaching which make them emerge as a new class of fluorescent labels for molecular imaging and biomedical analysis. Herein, recent advances in fundamental mechanisms and pathological applications of QD were reviewed.
Ultrafast Ultraviolet Photodissociation at 193 nm and its Applicability to Proteomic Workflows (2010)

Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) at 193 nm was implemented on a linear ion trap mass spectrometer for high-throughput proteomic workflows. Upon irradiation by a single 5 ns laser pulse, efficient photodissociation of tryptic peptides was achieved with production of a, b, c, x, y, and z sequence ions, in addition to immonium ions and v and w side-chain loss ions. The factors that influence the UVPD mass spectra and subsequent in silico database searching via SEQUEST were evaluated. Peptide sequence aromaticity and the precursor charge state were found to influence photodissociation efficiency more so than the number of amide chromophores, and the ion trap q-value and number of laser pulses significantly affected the number and abundances of diagnostic product ions (e.g., sequence and immonium ions). Also, photoionization background subtraction was shown to dramatically improve SEQUEST results, especially when peptide signals were low. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/UVPD strategy was implemented and yielded comparable or better results relative to LC-MS/collision induced dissociation (CID) for analysis of proteolyzed bovine serum albumin and lysed human HT-1080 cytosolic fibrosarcoma cells.
Comparative study of cytotoxicity of detonation nanodiamond particles with an osteosarcoma cell line and primary mesenchymal stem cells (2014)

Recently, nanodiamonds (NDs) have attracted great interest due to their unique physical and chemical properties that could be used in various biological applications. However, depending on the origin, NDs often contain different impurities which may affect cellular functions and viability. Therefore, before their biomedical application, the cytotoxicity of newly produced NDs should be assessed. In the present study, we have evaluated cytotoxicity of four types of ND particles with two cell models: a human osteosarcoma cell line, MG-63, and primary rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs). Detonation-generated nanodiamond (DND) particles were purified with different acid oxidizers and impurities' content was determined by elemental analysis. The particles size distribution was measured revealing that the DND particles have an average size in the range of 51-233 nm. Cytotoxicity was assessed by optical microscopy and proliferation assay after 72 hours exposure of the cells to nanoparticles. We observed cell-specific and material-specific toxicity for all tested particles. Primary stem cells demonstrated higher sensitivity to DND particles than osteosarcoma cells. The most toxic were the DND particles with the smallest grain size and slight content of non-diamond carbon, while DNDs with higher grain size and free from impurities had no significant influence on cell proliferation and morphology. In addition, the smaller DND particles were found to form large aggregates mainly during incubation with rMSCs. These results demonstrate the role of the purification method on the properties of DND particles and their cytotoxicity as well as the importance of cell types used for evaluation of the nanomaterials.
Method of measure of roughness of paper based in the analysis of the texture of speckle pattern (2010)

Roughness of paper surface is an important parameter in paper manufacturing. Surface roughness measurement is one of the central measurement problems in paper industry. Surfaces are often coated and the amount of coating and method of application used depends on the roughness of the base paper [1], [2]. At the moment, air leak methods are standardized and employed in paper industry as roughness rating methods. Air leak rate between measured paper surface and a specified flat land is recorded by using specialized pneumatic devices under laboratory conditions. Such a measurement closely corresponds to the roughness of a surface, the greater the air leak the rougher the surface. Air leak methods are rather easy to apply to paper and give stable results, although they measure roughness indirectly, need laboratory conditions, and thus unsuitable for on-line use. To measure real topography of paper surface, it is scanned with mechanical or optical profilometers. These methods provide accurate information on surface topography, but also demand laboratory conditions. In our work, present a method of measure based in the analysis of the texture of speckle pattern on the surface. The image formed by speckle in the paper surface is considered as a texture, and therefore texture analysis methods are suitable for the characterization of paper surface. The results are contrasted to air leak methods, optical profilometers (confocal microscopy), and fringe projection.
A 300MHz 25μA/Mb leakage on-chip SRAM module featuring process-variation immunity and low-leakage-active mode for mobile-phone application processor (2004)

An on-chip 1 Mb SRAM, that has three modes of operation, for application processors is developed to reduce power consumption. It operates at 300 MHz, with leakage of 25 /spl mu/A/Mb in the standby mode, and 50 /spl mu/A/Mb in the low-leakage-active mode.
The State of Multiple Sensor, Multiple Target Tracking in Ballistic Missile Defense (1991)

This report addresses the latest developments and some of the critical issues pertaining to tracking algorithm development for ballistic missile defense (BMD). For the last several years, tracking has been recognized as one of the most complex and challenging tasks in BMD. During this time tracking algorithm development has been pursued vigorously, with substantial results and continuing progress. Part I of this report has the character of a survey of the latest developments and describes the activities in different organizations and the results obtained in critical technical areas. It describes developments in two areas pertaining to algorithm development and two related to algorithm simulation and evaluation; Data Association; Cluster Tracking; Tracking Simulation; and the Surveillance Testbed (STB). Part II is essentially a technical analysis of issues, problems, and candidate approaches in selected key areas. Some remaining problems pertaining to the design, utilization, and evaluation of tracking algorithms are: Birth-to-Death Tracking; Booster Tracking and Template Matching; Midcourse Track Initiation, and Scoring Methods for Track Performance.