gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Embedding functional simulators in compilers for debugging and profiling (2011)

In embedded systems, achieving good performances for signal processing applications is crucial for power management. Good compilation is required to have maximal use of the available processing capabilities. Compiling for communication-exposed architectures such as ADRES, TRIPS and Wavescalar is however a complex task. Dataflow graphs are mapped on execution unit grids in order to increase the instruction-level parallelism while minimizing communication. Complex algorithms and the large number of code optimizations make debugging hard for the developer. Moreover, iterative approaches are used to optimize the compiled code quality. This paper proposes to embed functional simulators in compilers in order to enable debugging and profiling-driven iterative compilation. Debugging of optimization passes is achieved by means of functional simulators, running the original code and the transformed code. Intermediate and output values results comparison allows to verify the correctness of the optimization pass. Using embedded simulators also allows to extract code and execution characteristics convenient for iterative compilation. We present the mechanisms required to control those simulators. A case study based on the TRIPS processor demonstrates the usefulness of our approach.
The Circuitry Mediating Cocaine-Induced Reinstatement of Drug-Seeking Behavior (2001)

The role of limbic-striato-pallidal circuitry in cocaine-induced reinstatement was evaluated. The transient inhibition of brain nuclei associated with motor systems [including the ventral tegmental area (VTA), dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC), core of the nucleus accumbens (NAcore), and ventral pallidum (VP)] prevented cocaine-induced reinstatement. However, only the VP proved to be necessary for food reinstatement, suggesting that the identified circuit is specific to drug-related reinstatement. Supporting the possibility that the VTA-dPFC-NAcore-VP is a series circuit mediating reinstatement, simultaneous unilateral microinjection of GABA agonists into the dPFC in one hemisphere and into the VP in the contralateral hemisphere abolished cocaine reinstatement. Although dopamine projections from the VTA innervate all three forebrain nuclei, the blockade of dopamine receptors only in the dPFC antagonized cocaine-induced reinstatement. Furthermore, DA administration into the dPFC was sufficient to elicit a reinstatement in drug-related responding. These data demonstrate that dopamine release in the dPFC initiates a dPFC-NAcore-VP series circuit that mediates cocaine-induced drug-seeking behavior.
Metabolic Targets of Cardiac HormonesTherapeutic Anti-Cancer Effects (2010)

The heart is a sophisticated endocrine gland synthesizing a family of peptide hormones by three different genes. These cardiac hormones are stored as 3 prohormones, i.e. atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) prohormones. Within the ANP prohormones are 4 peptide hormones, i.e. atrial natriuretic peptide, vessel dilator, kaliuretic peptide and long-acting natriuretic peptide (LANP) which decrease up to 97% of human pancreatic, breast, colon, prostate, kidney and ovarian carcinomas as well as small-cell and squamous cell lung cancer cells within 24 hours in cell culture. In vivo these 4 cardiac hormones eliminate up to 80% of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 2/3rds of human breast cancers, and up to 86% of human small-cell lung cancers in athymic mice. Their anticancer mechanism(s) target the Ras-MEK 1/2-ERK 1/2 kinase cascade in cancer cells. These 4 cardiac hormones inhibit up to 95% of the basal activity of Ras, 98% of the phosphorylation of MEK 1/2 and 97% of the activation of basal activity of ERK 1/2. They also completely block the activity of mitogens such as epidermal growth factor's ability to stimulate ERK. They do not inhibit the activity of ERK in healthy cells such as human fibroblasts. The final step in their anticancer mechanism of action is that they enter the nucleus as demonstrated by immunfluorescence to inhibit DNA synthesis within cancer cells.
Automatic speed control device using self-tuning fuzzy logic (2003)

A fuzzy logic controller with a built-in function for self-tuning of control characteristics has been applied to an automatic speed control device (ASCD) to create a robust system for production vehicles. Fuzzy logic is used to predict drivers' individual preferences for control characteristics when the vehicle speed is controlled to a set level by the ASCD system. The results are then reflected in the control characteristics to provide the preferred speed control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Regulation of the length of the fertile period in the domestic fowl by numbers of oviducal spermatozoa, as reflected by those trapped in laid eggs (1987)

The numbers of spermatozoa trapped in the vitelline membrane of laid eggs were counted after staining with the fluorochrome 2,4-diamidino-2-phenylindole. In a group of 24 hens inseminated with different numbers of spermatozoa to produce different lengths of fertile periods, the numbers of spermatozoa in successive eggs from each hen decreased logarithmically with respect to days following insemination. A relationship could be described between the numbers of spermatozoa per unit area of membrane of an egg and the probability of that egg being fertile. After insemination the number of spermatozoa on successively-laid eggs appears to become reduced until a critical value is reached, after which the hen will lay infertile eggs. By estimating the day on which the critical value was achieved, the actual length of the fertile period could be predicted. It is suggested that the numbers of spermatozoa trapped in the vitelline membrane of laid eggs represent those which surround the ovum at the time of fertilization.
Multi-objectivizing software configuration tuning (2021)

Automatically tuning software configuration for optimizing a single performance attribute (e.g., minimizing latency) is not trivial, due to the nature of the configuration systems (e.g., complex landscape and expensive measurement). To deal with the problem, existing work has been focusing on developing various effective optimizers. However, a prominent issue that all these optimizers need to take care of is how to avoid the search being trapped in local optima — a hard nut to crack for software configuration tuning due to its rugged and sparse landscape, and neighboring configurations tending to behave very differently. Overcoming such in an expensive measurement setting is even more challenging. In this paper, we take a different perspective to tackle this issue. Instead of focusing on improving the optimizer, we work on the level of optimization model. We do this by proposing a meta multi-objectivization model (MMO) that considers an auxiliary performance objective (e.g., throughput in addition to latency). What makes this model unique is that we do not optimize the auxiliary performance objective, but rather use it to make similarly-performing while different configurations less comparable (i.e. Pareto nondominated to each other), thus preventing the search from being trapped in local optima.
When Depression Becomes Contagious (1998)

Dee Miller, RN, BS,a nurse and writer, has written three books and many journal articles on psychosocial/spiritual themes. For three years she has been a volunteer consultant in advocacy for victims of clergy sexual and domestic violence. A pastor's wife, Dee is church pianist and teaches Sunday school.
Kinetically selective inhibitors of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) as cognition enhancers (2014)

Aiming towards the development of novel nootropic therapeutics to address the cognitive impairment common to a range of brain disorders, we set out to develop highly selective small molecule inhibitors of HDAC2, a chromatin modifying histone deacetylase implicated in memory formation and synaptic plasticity. Novel <i>ortho</i>-aminoanilide inhibitors were designed and evaluated for their ability to selectively inhibit HDAC2 versus the other Class I HDACs. Kinetic and thermodynamic binding properties were essential elements of our design strategy and two novel classes of <i>ortho</i>-aminoanilides, that exhibit kinetic selectivity (biased residence time) for HDAC2 versus the highly homologous isoform HDAC1, were identified. These kinetically selective HDAC2 inhibitors (<b>BRD6688</b> and <b>BRD4884</b>) increased H4K12 and H3K9 histone acetylation in primary mouse neuronal cell culture assays, in the hippocampus of CK-p25 mice, a model of neurodegenerative disease, and rescued the associated memory deficits of these mice in a cognition behavioural model. These studies demonstrate for the first time that selective pharmacological inhibition of HDAC2 is feasible and that inhibition of the catalytic activity of this enzyme may serve as a therapeutic approach towards enhancing the learning and memory processes that are affected in many neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Effects of H/sub 2/S on molten carbonate fuel cells (1984)

This report summarizes the results of a literature survey conducted by the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) under Phase I of a multi-phase program to investigate and identify the mechanism(s) responsible for molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) performance losses when operating on sulfur-containing gases. The objective of this literature survey was twofold: (1) to review the reported data on the interaction of H/sub 2/S with nickel-containing materials; and (2) to review reported investigations on the specific effects of H/sub 2/S on the electrochemical oxidation of H/sub 2/ in MCFC. The ultimate goal of this literature review is to determine the poisoning mechanism. 21 references.
CD4 T cells: fates and functions (ML05) (2010)

Naïve CD4 T cells differentiate into distinct “effector” cell types including Th1/Th2/Th17/iTreg/Tfh cells. These cells mediate protective and regulatory effects of the immune system. Each cell type has a distinctive function. The differentiation process through which these distinctive fates are adopted is an intensively studied and extremely interesting process. Important aspects of this process emerged quite early. Our group demonstrated in 1991 that Th2 differentiation in vitro depended upon IL-4, the signature product of Th2 cells. It is now recognized that the differentiation of each cell type often involves endogenous cytokine signaling through a particular STAT protein and the induction of a master regulator transcription factor. Recently, the application of genome-wide analysis of the state of histone methylation to the various differentiated CD4 T cells and their precursors has revealed that the master regulator genes are often in a “poised” state in the “non-expressing” lineages providing a basis for the plasticity that is increasingly recognized as an important feature of these differentiated cells. Furthermore, a genome-wide analysis of binding of the master Th2 regulator GATA3 has provided important insights. GATA3 is bound to ∼4000 genes in Th2 cells and to a diminishing number of genes in each of the other differentiated cell types, in proportion to its level of expression. However, even in Th17 cells, GATA3 binds to unique genes and GATA3 mediates functions, including suppression of key Th17 genes, indicating that the master regulators not only promote differentiation in “expressor” lineages but actively inhibit functions of alternative lineages.
Studies in the Genus Elaphoglossum (1956)

Journal Article Studies in the Genus Elaphoglossum: IV. The Morphological Series in the Genus and their Phylogenetic Interpretation Get access P. R. BELL P. R. BELL Botany Department, University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Annals of Botany, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 1956, Pages 69–88, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083516 Published: 01 January 1956
[Changes of cardiac function during 21 d head-down tilt bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure in the last week]. (2001)

The reduction of cardiac pump function and cardiac systole function induced by 21 d HDT could not be prevented by LBNP training in the last week of 21 d HDT.
Application of Classification Tree and Neural Network Algorithms to the Identification of Serological Liver Marker Profiles for the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2001)

The neural network algorithm appeared to be more powerful than the classification tree algorithm in the identification of the distinctive serological liver marker profiles for the diagnosis of the HCC subgroup without significant elevation in serum AFP levels. By incorporating serological levels of other liver markers and including data from a large number of patients and control subjects, it should prove possible to develop a versatile neural network for early diagnosis of HCC.
Wrong (2016)

Other| November 01 2016 Wrong Robert J. Levy Robert J. Levy Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google the minnesota review (2016) 2016 (87): 2–3. https://doi.org/10.1215/00265667-3630508 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Robert J. Levy; Wrong. the minnesota review 1 November 2016; 2016 (87): 2–3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00265667-3630508 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll Journalsthe minnesota review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Robert J. Levy2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Creative You do not currently have access to this content.
An experimental evaluation on using TDMA over 802.11 MAC for Wireless Networked Control Systems (2008)

The recent interest for wireless networked control systems has boosted new research activities on real-time 802.11-based communications. In fact, due to their versatility, wireless LANs can be exploited as infrastructure in this kind of control systems, but changes to channel access techniques are required. To this aim, we propose a novel experimental implementation of a TDMA scheme over 802.11 MAC, based on the hard real-time networking framework RTnet and on the Xenomai real-time task scheduler. Preliminary results have shown that, using the proposed approach, transmission delays smaller than 10 ms and packet loss rates smaller than 0.5% can be achieved.
A Java applet-based virtual environment as a usable interface to distributed services and collaborative applications on the Internet (2003)

In this paper we tackle the problem of implementing a user graphical interface that plays the role of an Internet distributed applications container. A Java applet-based DVE (Distributed Virtual Environment), named VERSA (Virtual Environment for Remote Services Access) has been conceived as a common users' platform for acceding to services and applications by means of virtual reality and multimedia communication. The user, that inhabits the "palace" in the semblance of an avatar, may move across rooms and corridors, interact with other avatars, communicate with them and join collaborative sessions of Internet applications by the simple action of entering special rooms. An inter-server communication protocol has been introduced for locating and acceding to such distributed services on the Internet. A widely distributed multi-server structure is implemented to ensure multi-user access and differentiated kinds of services.
Joint unsupervised adaptation of n-gram and RNN language models via LDA-based hybrid mixture modeling (2017)

This paper reports an initial study of unsupervised adaptation that assumes simultaneous use of both n-gram and recurrent neural network (RNN) language models (LMs) in automatic speech recognition (ASR). It is known that a combination of n-grams and RNN LMs is a more effective approach to ASR than using each of them singly. However, unsupervised adaptation methods that simultaneously adapt both n-grams and RNN LMs have not been presented while various unsupervised adaptation methods specific to either n-gram LMs or RNN LMs have been examined. In order to handle different LMs in a unified unsupervised adaptation framework, our key idea is to introduce mixture modeling for both n-gram LMs and RNN LMs. The mixture modeling can simultaneously handle multiple LMs and unsupervised adaptation can be easily accomplished merely by adjusting their mixture weights using a recognition hypothesis of an input speech. This paper proposes joint unsupervised adaptation achieved by a hybrid mixture modeling using both n-gram mixture models and RNN mixture models. We present latent Dirichlet allocation based hybrid mixture modeling for effective topic adaptation. Our experiments in lecture ASR tasks show the effectiveness of joint unsupervised adaptation. We also reveal performance in which only one n-gram or RNN LM is adapted.
Structural determination of sphingomyelin by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (2000)

Alkaline metal adduct ions of sphingomyelin were formed by electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. Under low energy collisionally activated dissociation (CAD), the product ion spectra yield abundant fragment ions representative of both long chain base and fatty acid which permit unequivocal determination of the structure. Tandem spectra obtained by constant neutral loss scanning permit identification of sphingomyelin class and specific long chain base subclass in the mixture. The fragmentation pathways under CAD were proposed, and were further confirmed by source CAD tandem mass spectrometry. The total analysis of sphingomyelin mixtures from bovine brain, bovine erythrocytes, and chicken egg yolk is also presented.
Use of the Normalized Word Vector Approach in Document Classification for an LKMC (2008)

An international association advancing the multidisciplinary study of informing systems. Founded in 1998, the Informing Science Institute (ISI) is a global community of academics shaping the future of informing science.
Computational study on entanglement length and pore size of carbon nanotube buckypaper (2012)

In this letter, both entanglement length and pore size of carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper are studied numerically and found to scale with a characteristic length EI/γ, where EI and γ denote the bending stiffness and binding energy of a CNT, respectively. For EI/γ&lt;40 nm, the CNTs in buckypaper are “interwound” with a short entanglement length and a small pore size. However, when EI/γ&gt;40 nm, CNT “ring”/“racket” structures dominate the buckypaper, exhibiting longer entanglement length and larger pore size. The acquired understanding of microscopic structures allows us to propose that CNT buckypaper with different mechanical properties and pore size can be designed through the choice of EI/γ values.
Abstract 2019: Untrained Volunteers Perform High Quality CPR When using an Automatic External Defibrillator with a CPR Voice Prompting Algorithm (2007)

Background: Recent investigations have demonstrated that CPR performance among trained providers can be improved by audiovisual prompting and real-time feedback, and higher quality CPR before defibrillation can improve shock success and has the potential to improve patient outcomes. Objective: We hypothesized that simplified voice prompts incorporated into an automatic external defibrillator (AED) can lead to improvements in CPR performance by untrained lay rescuers. Methods: Adult volunteers with no prior CPR training were assessed in their use of an AED with chest compression voice instructions and metronome prompts on a CPR-recording manikin. Volunteers were given minimal instructions regarding use of the device and were given no instructions regarding CPR performance. The AED was designed to prompt five cycles of 30 chest compressions between defibrillatory attempts. Chest compression rates and depths were measured via review of videotape and manikin recording data, respectively. Results: A total of 60 adults were assessed in their use of the AED, with a mean age of 33.6±12.8; 36/63 (57%) were female. Mean chest compression rate was 103±12 and mean depth was 37±14 mm. Furthermore, minimal decay in chest compression rates occurred over 5 cycles of chest compressions, with mean rate of 101±19 during the first cycle and 104±10 during the 5 th cycle. No volunteers were unable to use the AED or complete 5 cycles of chest compressions. Conclusions: Our work demonstrates that with appropriate real-time prompts delivered even in the absence of training or human coaching, laypersons can perform CPR that has a quality often similar to trained providers. This finding has important implications for AED design especially in light of the renewed importance of both CPR and the interaction of quality chest compressions and defibrillatory success.
Seamless BGP migration with router grafting (2010)

Network operators are under tremendous pressure to make their networks highly reliable to avoid service disruptions. Yet, operators often need to change the network to upgrade faulty equipment, deploy new services, and install new routers. Unfortunately, changes cause disruptions, forcing a trade-off between the benefit of the change and the disruption it will cause. In this paper we present router grafting, where parts of a router are seamlessly removed from one router and merged into another. We focus on grafting a BGP session and the underlying link-from one router to another, or between blades in a cluster-based router. Router grafting allows an operator to rehome a customer with no disruption, compared to downtimes today measured in minutes. In addition, grafting a BGP session can help in balancing load between routers or blades, planned maintenance, and even traffic management. We show that grafting a BGP session is practical even with today's monolithic router software. Our prototype implementation uses and extends Click, the Linux kernel, and Quagga, and introduces a daemon that automates the migration process.
Design and optimization of an antenna with Thermo-Electric Generator (TEG) for autonomous wireless nodes (2014)

This paper describes the design and the optimization of a quarter-wave patch antenna with a Thermo-Electric Generator (TEG). The antenna operates in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency band 2.4-2.5 GHz. The TEG, mounted on the top of the antenna, is used to perform thermal Energy Harvesting (EH) in order to supply wireless nodes. This antenna topology is chosen in order to provide a good thermal transfer between the TEG and the ground plane of the antenna. The antenna design consists of the optimization of its radiation properties in presence of the TEG electromagnetic model. Finally, a prototype of the antenna was fabricated and the TEG was mounted on its top. The measurements show a reflection coefficient lower -10 dB in the overall frequency band and a gain of 2.3 dB at 2.45 GHz.