gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeted microinjection into cells and retina using optoporation (2011)

The laser microbeam has enabled highly precise noncontact delivery of exogenous materials into targeted cells without compromising cell viability, which has been a highly challenging task for traditional methods. Here, we report targeted delivery of impermeable substances into mammalian cells and goldfish retinal explants subsequent to ultrafast laser microbeam assisted injection. Introduction of impermeable dye into the cell through localized pore formation was confirmed by distinct fluorescence at the site of pore formation on the membrane and its spatiotemporal diffusion pattern through the nucleus. Indirect optoporation by bubble formation, external to cell, led to a similar spatial diffusion pattern but with a larger time constant for injection. Using optimized laser intensity, exposure, and a spatial irradiation pattern, desired spatial transfection patterns in goldfish retina explants were achieved as confirmed by the expression of injected plasmids encoded for light-activable channel rhodopsin-2 ion-channel, tagged with fluorescent protein. Laser assisted delivery of exogenous material into a specific area of three-dimensional neuronal tissue, such as the retina, will help to understand the functioning of neuronal circuitry of normal and degenerated retina.
Low-Power Highly Selective Channel Filtering Using a Transconductor–Capacitor Analog FIR (2020)

Analog finite-impulse-response (AFIR) filtering is proposed to realize low-power channel selection filters for the Internet-of-Things receivers. High selectivity is achieved using an architecture based on only a single-time-varying- transconductance and integration capacitor. The transconductance is implemented as a digital-to-analog converter and is programmable by an on-chip memory. The AFIR operating principle is shown step by step, including its complete transfer function with aliasing. The filter bandwidth and transfer function are highly programmable through the transconductance coefficients and clock frequency. Moreover, the transconductance programmability allows an almost ideal filter response to be realized by careful analysis and compensation of the parasitic circuit impairments. The filter, manufactured in 22-nm FDSOI, has an active area of 0.09 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Its bandwidth can be accurately tuned from 0.06 to 3.4 MHz. The filter consumes 92 μW from a 700-mV supply. This low power consumption is combined with a high selectivity: f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-60dB</sub> /f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sub> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dB</sub> = 3.8. The filter has 31.5-dB gain and 12-nV/√Hz input-referred noise for a 0.43-MHz bandwidth. The OIP3 is 28 dBm, independent of the frequency offset. The output-referred 1-dB-compression point is 3.7 dBm, and the in-band gain compresses by 1 dB for an -3.7-dBm out-of-band input signal while still providing >60 dB of filtering.
Predicting Reactions to Psychedelic Drugs: A Systematic Review of States and Traits Related to Acute Drug Effects (2021)

Psychedelic drugs are increasingly being incorporated into therapeutic contexts for the purposes of promoting mental health. However, they can also induce adverse reactions in some individuals, and it is difficult to predict before treatment who is likely to experience positive or adverse acute effects. Although consideration of setting and dosage as well as excluding individuals with psychotic predispositions has thus far led to a high degree of safety, it is imperative that researchers develop a more nuanced understanding of how to predict individual reactions. To this end, the current systematic review coalesced the results of 14 studies that included baseline states or traits predictive of the acute effects of psychedelics. Individuals high in the traits of absorption, openness, and acceptance as well as a state of surrender were more likely to have positive and mystical-type experiences, whereas those low in openness and surrender or in preoccupied, apprehensive, or confused psychological states were more likely to experience acute adverse reactions. Participant sex was not a robust predictor of drug effects, but 5-HT2AR binding potential, executive network node diversity, and rACC volume may be potential baseline biomarkers related to acute reactions. Finally, increased age and experience with psychedelics were individual differences related to generally less intense effects, indicating that users may become slightly less sensitive to the effects of the drugs after repeated usage. Although future well-powered, placebo-controlled trials directly comparing the relative importance of these predictors is needed, this review synthesizes the field's current understanding of how to predict acute reactions to psychedelic drugs.
논문 : 위성영상을 이용한 춘천지역의 3 차원 입체영상지도 생성에 관한 연구 (2000)

인공위성영상은 일반지도에 비해 많은 정보를 포함하고 있다. 위성에 탑재된 센서를 이용하여 수집하는 영상은 대부분 디지털 이미지로서 고가의 컴퓨터영상처리장비에 의하여 처리 분석해야만 한다. SPOT2-3호에서 수집한 강원도 춘천지역의 중복영상으로부터 자동으로 수치 표고모델을 작성함으로써 다양한 영상정보의 활용과 함께 입체영상지도제작 및 분석이 가능해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SPOT(60×60km)의 춘천지역을 대상으로 한눈에 영상을 재현할 수 있도록 고해상도의 인공위성 영상자료를 처리하여 영상지도를 제작하기 위한 DEM(digital elevation model)을 만들어 입체감을 가진 다 방향의 조감도를 작성하고자 하였다. 3차원 영상지도제작의 효율적인 방법을 모색하여 기존의 방법을 크게 개선하면서 경제적인 새로운 개념의 위성영상지도의 제작 및 활용가능성을 모색하였다.
Prevention and Reversal of Type 1 Diabetes—Past Challenges and Future Opportunities (2015)

Over the past three decades there have been a number of clinical trials directed at interdicting the type 1 diabetes (T1D) disease process in an attempt to prevent the development of the disease in those at increased risk or to stabilize-potentially even reverse-the disease in people with T1D, usually of recent onset. Unfortunately, to date there has been no prevention trial that has resulted in delay or prevention of T1D. And, trials in people with T1D have had mixed results with some showing promise with at least transient improvement in β-cell function compared with randomized control groups, while others have failed to slow the decline in β-cell function when compared with placebo. This Perspective will assess the past and present challenges in this effort and provide an outline for potential future opportunities.
Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 H6D Polymorphism, Prostate Cancer Risk, and Survival (2006)

Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is important in regulating inflammation. Inflammation of the prostate has been suggested to favor tumor development. A recent study (JNCI 2004, 96:1248-1254) found marginal evidence of an association between the presence of the mature MIC-1 protein nonsynonymous polymorphism H6D C-to-G (rs1058587) with reduced prostate cancer risk [odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.69-0.99]. We tested this in a population-based study of 819 cases and 731 controls from Australia and found a similar, yet not significant, odds ratio of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.7-1.04; P = 0.11). We also tested the potential association between the H6D variant and disease-specific survival in 640 cases followed-up for an average of 8.2 years. We found that cases carrying the H6D G allele had an increased risk of death from prostate cancer than cases carrying two copies of the C allele (hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.06-2.78; P = 0.03). Our data suggest that the H6D variant in MIC-1 might play a role in prostate cancer, but it is difficult to explain how a variant can be associated with lower risk of developing prostate cancer but more aggressive growth if cancer develops.
Self-assembled nanocomplexes comprising of green tea catechin derivatives and protein drugs for cancer therapy (2013)

The drug-to-carrier ratio has been a considerable issue in the design of a drug carrier, because the use of unreasonably high quantities of carrier can lead to problems associated with carrier toxicity, metabolism and elimination. However, if the carrier itself displays therapeutic effects, the drug-to-carrier ratio would no longer be a concern, and the delivery system should attain greater therapeutic effects from both the drug and the carrier. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major ingredient of green tea, has been recognized as an attractive functional compound due to its various potential therapeutic effects, including anticancer effects. Herein we design the core-shell micellar nanocomplex (MNC) spontaneously constructed by self-assembly from the EGCG derivatives and proteins. This system achieved a greater anticancer effect in vitro and in vivo when loaded with an anticancer protein, as compared to the native protein or the carrier alone. This unique green tea-based MNC is the first nanoparticle drug delivery system that takes advantage of the beneficial bioactivities of EGCG.
Adsorption of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> on Stepped Cu(410) Surface: A Combined TPD, FTIR, and DFT Study (2014)

Adsorption of ethylene (C2H4) on stepped Cu(410) surface was investigated with infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption, and density functional theory calculations. At 93 K, ethylene adsorbs molecularly on Cu(410) and forms three different π-bonded species, all of which desorb below 230 K. Even though this finding straightforwardly suggests that the three species correspond to ethylene adsorbed at the step-edge and at the two different terrace atoms, a more detailed analysis reveals this is not the case. Instead, the origin of the three species stems from the interplay between (i) strong preference of ethylene to adsorb at the step-edge, (ii) significant intermolecular repulsion between the ethylene adsorbed at the adjacent step-edge sites, and (iii) the random adsorption on the terrace sites. Recent experimental studies have suggested that ethylene is dehydrogenated on Cu(410) due to the open step-edges (Kravchuk et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 20881). The present data confirm the occurrence of dehydrogenation but not the formation of a di-σ-bonded ethylene.
The growth inhibitory effect of actein on human breast cancer cells is associated with activation of stress response pathways (2007)

Previous studies indicate that the triterpene glycoside actein from the herb black cohosh inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells. This study seeks to identify genes altered in human breast cancer cells by treatment with actein, using gene expression analysis. We treated MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cells with actein at 2 doses, 20 or 40 microg/mL, for 6 or 24 hr. We identified 5 genes that were activated after each of the treatments that are known to play a role in cellular responses to diverse stresses, including the DNA damage and unfolded protein responses. In addition, four genes that mediate the integrated stress response (ISR), including activating transcription factor 4, were induced under at least one of the 4 treatment conditions. We used hierarchical clustering to define clusters comprising patterns of gene expression. Two ISR genes, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and DNA damage- inducible transcript 3, and lipid biosynthetic genes were activated after exposure to actein at 40 microg/mL for 6 hr, whereas the cell cycle genes cyclin E2 and cell division cycle 25A were repressed. Our results suggest that actein induces 2 phases of the ISR, the survival phase and the apoptotic phase, depending on the dose and duration of treatment. We confirmed the results of gene expression analysis with real-time RT-PCR for 18 selected genes and Western blot analysis for ATF3. Since actein activated transcription factors that enhance apoptosis, and repressed cell cycle genes, it may be useful in the prevention and therapy of breast cancer.
Biometric template transformation: a security analysis (2010)

One of the critical steps in designing a secure biometric system is protecting the templates of the users that are stored either in a central database or on smart cards. If a biometric template is compromised, it leads to serious security and privacy threats because unlike passwords, it is not possible for a legitimate user to revoke his biometric identifiers and switch to another set of uncompromised identifiers. One methodology for biometric template protection is the template transformation approach, where the template, consisting of the features extracted from the biometric trait, is transformed using parameters derived from a user specific password or key. Only the transformed template is stored and matching is performed directly in the transformed domain. In this paper, we formally investigate the security strength of template transformation techniques and define six metrics that facilitate a holistic security evaluation. Furthermore, we analyze the security of two wellknown template transformation techniques, namely, Biohashing and cancelable fingerprint templates based on the proposed metrics. Our analysis indicates that both these schemes are vulnerable to intrusion and linkage attacks because it is relatively easy to obtain either a close approximation of the original template (Biohashing) or a pre-image of the transformed template (cancelable fingerprints). We argue that the security strength of template transformation techniques must consider also consider the computational complexity of obtaining a complete pre-image of the transformed template in addition to the complexity of recovering the original biometric template.
[Preparation of anti-human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase polyclonal antibody]. (2007)

The rabbit anti-human IDO polyclonal antibody could recognize IDO expression in tumor cells in vitro effectively, therefore, provides a tool to study the role of IDO in tumor immune tolerance.
How far 3D shapes can be understood from 2D silhouettes (1995)

Each 2D silhouette of a 3D unknown object O constrains O inside the volume obtained by back-projecting the silhouette from the corresponding viewpoint. A set of silhouettes specifies a boundary volume R obtained by intersecting the volumes due to each silhouette. R more or less closely approximates O, depending on the viewpoints and the object itself. This approach to the reconstruction of 3D objects is usually referred to as volume intersection. This correspondence addresses the problem of inferring the shape of the unknown object O from the reconstructed object R. For doing this, the author divides the points of the surface of R into hard points, which belong to the surface of any possible object originating R, and soft points, which may or may not belong to O. The author considers two cases: In the first case R is the closest approximation of O which can be obtained from its silhouettes, i.e., its visual hull; in the second case, R is a generic reconstructed object. In both cases the author supplies necessary and sufficient conditions for a point to be hard and gives rules for computing the hard surfaces.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimized redundancy selection based on failure-related yield model for 64-Mb DRAM and beyond (1991)

An optimized redundancy scheme for 64-Mb dynamic RAM (DRAM) and beyond that is based on a failure-related yield model is described. This model accounts for three-dimensional memory cell structures and individual design rules used in individual sections of the chip. Failure-mode parameters for the model are determined by performing a trial fuse-blowing test on 4-Mb DRAMs. The test employs a memory tester without requiring complicated visual inspections. The dependence of the yield on block division and the number of spare elements for a 64-Mb DRAM are investigated. In the estimation as a redundancy scheme for the 64-Mb DRAM, more than two spare rows and two spare columns in 1-Mb or less subblocks are shown to be necessary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Photoionization/flame-ionization detection of atmospheric hydrocarbons after capillary gas chromatography (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoionization/flame-ionization detection of atmospheric hydrocarbons after capillary gas chromatographyWinai. Nutmagul, Dagmar R. Cronn, and Herbert H. HillCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 13, 2160–2164Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00263a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00263a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of alpha-tocopherol on the cardiotoxicity of adriamycin in the rat. (1978)

Police Commissioner Roosevelt requests that his sister stay home while Roosevelt and Douglas Robinson visit the Pauls. Roosevelt asks Corinne Roosevelt Robinson to have Douglas write him regarding their plans and advises her to get rest to improve her health.
2-D Grating Graphoepitaxy of Silicon Films from Silicon-Gold Supersaturated Solution (1981)

Orientation controlled silicon crystalline films were prepared on fused quartz substrates. The crystallization was performed by precitipation from a Si-Au supersaturated solution. One dimensional (1-D) surface relief gratings with a period of 1 µm and two dimentional (2-D) gratings with a cross angle of 60° were used to control the crystal orientation. Silicon films were better aligned on the 2-D gratings than on the 1-D gratings. The (111) crystal plane was parallel to the substrate plane.
Split-phase control: Achieving complete soft-charging operation of a dickson switched-capacitor converter (2014)

Switched-capacitor (SC) converters are gaining popularity due to their high power density and suitability for on-chip integration. Soft-charging techniques can be used to eliminate the current transient during the phase switching instances, and improve the power density and efficiency of SC converters. In this paper, we propose a split-phase control scheme that enables the Dickson converter to achieve complete soft-charging operation, which is not possible using the conventional two-phase control. An analytical method is extended to understand and design split-phase controlled Dickson converters. The proposed technique and analysis are verified by both simulation and experimental results. An 8-to-1 step-down Dickson converter is built to demonstrate the reduction in output impedance and improvement in efficiency as a result of the split-phase controlled soft-charging operation.
Age-dependent elastin degradation is enhanced in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2016)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is primarily a lung condition characterised by the presence of persistent airflow limitation resulting from inflammation, remodelling of small airways, and emphysema. It is well-recognised that the impacts of COPD extend beyond the lung with many patients suffering systemic manifestations such as cardiovascular diseases that affect morbidity and mortality [1]. “Accelerated ageing” has been proposed as a mechanism that underlies many of the pulmonary and extrapulmonary consequences of COPD [2, 3]. It is thought that a decline in organ function is a feature of ageing in response to the accumulation of cell and molecular damage, and in the case of COPD, noxious inhalants such as tobacco smoke increase this damage, thus accelerating the ageing process, leading to the development of COPD. With the exception of lung function decline, however, evidence indicating that tobacco smoking or COPD accelerates age-associated deterioration remains scarce. Elastin turnover increases with chronological age and COPD accelerates this process beyond normal ageing <http://ow.ly/7OhE301B9z9> The authors would like to thank Karolina Wrobel in the Biomarker and Drug Analysis Core Facility at University of Dundee, Dundee, UK for technical support.
Maximizing the Therapeutic Potential of HSP90 Inhibitors (2015)

HSP90 is required for maintaining the stability and activity of a diverse group of client proteins, including protein kinases, transcription factors, and steroid hormone receptors involved in cell signaling, proliferation, survival, oncogenesis, and cancer progression. Inhibition of HSP90 alters the HSP90-client protein complex, leading to reduced activity, misfolding, ubiquitination, and, ultimately, proteasomal degradation of client proteins. HSP90 inhibitors have demonstrated significant antitumor activity in a wide variety of preclinical models, with evidence of selectivity for cancer versus normal cells. In the clinic, however, the efficacy of this class of therapeutic agents has been relatively limited to date, with promising responses mainly observed in breast and lung cancer, but no major activity seen in other tumor types. In addition, adverse events and some significant toxicities have been documented. Key to improving these clinical outcomes is a better understanding of the cellular consequences of inhibiting HSP90 that may underlie treatment response or resistance. This review considers the recent progress that has been made in the study of HSP90 and its inhibitors and highlights new opportunities to maximize their therapeutic potential.
Dynamic fault-tolerant clock synchronization (1995)

This paper gives two simple efficient distributed algorithms: one for keeping clocks in a network synchronized and one for allowing new processors to join the network with their clocks synchronized. Assuming a fault-tolerant authentication protocol, the algorithms tolerate both link and processor failures of any type. The algorithm for maintaining synchronization works for arbitrary networks (rather than just completely connected networks) and tolerates any number of processor or communication link faults as long as the correct processors remain connected by fault-free paths. It thus represents an improvement over other clock synchronization algorithms such as those of Lamport and Melliar Smith and Welch and Lynch, although, unlike them, it does require an authentication protocol to handle Byzantine faults. Our algorithm for allowing new processors to join requires that more than half the processors be correct, a requirement that is provably necessary.
A novel SOI Pirani sensor with triple heat sinks (2009)

In this paper, we will present a novel MEMS Pirani sensor with triple heat sinks. The sensors are made on SOI (Silicon On Insulator) wafers leading to a very simple process and good mechanical structures as compared to alternative surface micromachining processes. Moreover, the proposed Pirani has three heat sinks. The area of heat loss through the ambient gas is greatly enlarged as compared to Pirani sensors with one or dual heat sinks without increasing the dimension of the sensor. Consequently, the dynamic pressure range of the Pirani sensor will be enlarged.