gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Colloid Symposium Monograph. Vol. IV (Weiser, Harry Boyer, ed.) (1927)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTColloid Symposium Monograph. Vol. IV (Weiser, Harry Boyer, ed.)Joseph H. Matthews Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1927, 4, 2, 267Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1927Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1927Published inissue 1 February 1927https://doi.org/10.1021/ed004p267RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Filamentous Phage Active on the Gram-Positive Bacterium<i>Propionibacterium freudenreichii</i> (2002)

We present the first description of a single-stranded DNA filamentous phage able to replicate in a gram-positive bacterium. Phage B5 infects Propionibacterium freudenreichii and has a genome consisting of 5,806 bases coding for 10 putative open reading frames. The organization of the genome is very similar to the organization of the genomes of filamentous phages active on gram-negative bacteria. The putative coat protein exhibits homology with the coat proteins of phages PH75 and Pf3 active on Thermus thermophilus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. B5 is, therefore, evolutionarily related to the filamentous phages active on gram-negative bacteria.
Quick and easy measurement of particle size of Brownian particles and plankton in water using a self-mixing laser (2006)

We describe a method for quickly and easily measuring the size of small particles in suspensions. This method uses a self-mixing laser Doppler measurement with a laser-diode-pumped, thin-slice LiNdP(4)O(12) laser with extremely high optical sensitivity. The average size of the particles in Brownian motion is determined by a Lorentz fitting of the measured power spectrum of the modulated self-mixing laser light resulting from the motion. The dependence of the measured power spectra on particle size and concentration was quantitatively identified from the results of a systematic investigation of small polystyrene latex particles with different diameters and concentrations. The sizes and ratios of particles with different diameters mixed in water were accurately measured. An application of this self-mixing laser method for estimation of the average size of plankton in seawater showed that it is a practical method for characterizing biological species.
A Simplified Scheme for Scheduling Multivariable Controllers and its Application to a Turbofan Engine (1996)

A simplified scheme for scheduling multivariable controllers for robust performance over a wide range of plant operating points is presented. The approach consists of scheduling only the output matrix of a dynamic controller, thus significantly reducing the number of parameters to be scheduled. Given a robust controller at a nominal design point, designed such that it gives a stable closed-loop system at various off-design operating points, the parameters of the controller output matrix are optimized such that the closed-loop response at the off-design points closely matches the design point closed-loop response. The optimization problem formulation for the synthesis of controller scheduling gains is discussed. Results are presented for controller scheduling for a turbofan engine for a conceptual Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing aircraft. The simplified controller scheduling is shown to provide satisfactory response for engine models corresponding to significant gross thrust variations from the nominal design point.
Major histocompatibility complex control of immunity elicited by genetically engineered Eimeria tenella (Apicomplexa) antigen in chickens (1989)

The immunogenicity of a recombinant Eimeria tenella coccidial antigen was studied in 6(1).B congenic chickens derived from B2B2 and B5B5 parents segregating for haplotypes B2 and B5. Five-week-old chickens were immunized with 2.4 micrograms of recombinant protein (designated 5401) in Freund complete adjuvant and challenged with 75,000 oocysts at 28 days postimmunization (DPI) to determine the degree of elicited protective immunity. Serum samples were collected weekly for 5 weeks postimmunization for analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, and Western blotting. Lesion scores following oocyst challenge were significantly reduced in B5B5 chickens compared with those in B2B2 chickens. Immunization induced a sporozoite-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer in serum detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that peaked at 28 DPI, the day of challenge, in B5B5 chickens and at 42 DPI in B2B2 chickens. After challenge, this titer declined for each genotype. Anti-sporozoite IgG detected by the immunofluorescence assay attained a peak titer at 21 DPI in B2B2 chickens and 28 DPI in B5B5 chickens. Serum from immunized B5B5 chickens reacted strongly in Western blots with several high-molecular-weight (greater than 100,000), soluble proteins prepared from sporozoites. Serum from B2B2 chickens reacted with similar proteins as well as with a 51- to 53-kilodalton protein that was not labeled by serum from B5B5 chickens. These results demonstrate further the role of host genetics on anticoccidial immunity and suggest that a peak anti-sporozoite IgG titer in B5B5 chickens on the day of challenge may signal a state of immunocompetence to that challenge.
Hydrolysis of Epoxidized Soybean Oil in the Presence of Phosphoric Acid (2007)

Abstract Ring‐opening hydrolysis of epoxidized soybean oil in the presence of phosphoric acid was studied under varying experimental conditions. The influence of type and amount of solvents, phosphoric acid content and water content on the rate of ring‐opening reactions and the characteristics of the derived products were studied. The soy‐polyols prepared were characterized by determination of hydroxyl content, viscosity measurements, determination of average molecular weight and polydispersity index (GPC). The structural confirmation was done by FT‐IR and 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy. The study shows that under the reaction conditions employed, a substantial degree of oligomerization due to oxirane‐oxirane, and/or oxirane‐hydroxyl reaction takes place. It is possible to synthesize soy‐polyols having varying hydroxyl content and phosphate‐ester functionality by controlling the type and amount of polar solvent and phosphoric acid content.
EINet: a secure, open network for electronic commerce (2002)

Corporate users are by far the most rapidly growing segment of the Internet community, supplementing the existing base of government and academic users. Both corporate and government organizations want to use the Internet to "integrate" their enterprises, and foresee using the Internet to conduct electronic commerce as well. However, the lack of security services on the Internet deters its use for many such applications. The Enterprise Integration Network (EINet) provides security services to support enterprise integration and electronic commerce activities on the Internet. EINet incorporates an application based security system with the security management and operations necessary to protect these activities in an open network environment. The paper discusses the need for security on the Internet, describes the EINet Security System, then summarizes operational experiences and future work.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Meeting Report on Immunoreceptors 2014 (2015)

Contains fulltext : 153367.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
[Diagnosis of dyspnea]. (2011)

Dyspnea is an extremely common symptom in medicine and in cardio-pulmonary medicine in particular. In most of the cases dyspnea reflects an unbalance between the ventilatory demand and the possibility of the thoracic and lung mechanics. Through to a simple clinical case describing an early stage of lung fibrosis we review the main causes and the differential diagnoses of dyspnea, and provide means of grading it through validated assessment scales.
Hot Corrosion Mechanism of Composite Alumina/Yttria‐Stabilized Zirconia Coating in Molten Sulfate–Vanadate Salt (2005)

In order to improve the hot corrosion resistance of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ), an Al 2 O 3 overlay has been deposited on the surface of YSZ by electron‐beam physical vapor deposition. Hot corrosion tests have been performed on the YSZ coatings with and without an Al 2 O 3 overlay in the molten salt mixture (Na 2 SO 4 +0–15 wt% V 2 O 5 ) at 950°C. The presence of V 2 O 5 in the molten salt exacerbates degradation of both the monolithic YSZ coating and the composite YSZ/Al 2 O 3 system. The formation of a low‐melting Na 2 O–V 2 O 5 –Al 2 O 3 liquid phase is responsible for degradation of the Al 2 O 3 overlay. The Al 2 O 3 overlay acts as a barrier against the infiltration of the molten salt into the YSZ coating during exposure to the molten salt mixture with <5 wt% vanadate.
Prospective clinical study of zirconia posterior fixed partial dentures: 3-year follow-up. (2006)

Zirconia frameworks demonstrated sufficient stability for replacement of posterior teeth. However, the high rates of technical problems should be reduced by further developments of the prototype processing technology.
Toward object discovery and modeling via 3-D scene comparison (2011)

The performance of indoor robots that stay in a single environment can be enhanced by gathering detailed knowledge of objects that frequently occur in that environment. We use an inexpensive sensor providing dense color and depth, and fuse information from multiple sensing modalities to detect changes between two 3-D maps. We adapt a recent SLAM technique to align maps. A probabilistic model of sensor readings lets us reason about movement of surfaces. Our method handles arbitrary shapes and motions, and is robust to lack of texture. We demonstrate the ability to find whole objects in complex scenes by regularizing over surface patches.
An attention based deep learning model of clinical events in the intensive care unit (2019)

This study trained long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNNs) incorporating an attention mechanism to predict daily sepsis, myocardial infarction (MI), and vancomycin antibiotic administration over two week patient ICU courses in the MIMIC-III dataset. These models achieved next-day predictive AUC of 0.876 for sepsis, 0.823 for MI, and 0.833 for vancomycin administration. Attention maps built from these models highlighted those times when input variables most influenced predictions and could provide a degree of interpretability to clinicians. These models appeared to attend to variables that were proxies for clinician decision-making, demonstrating a challenge of using flexible deep learning approaches trained with EHR data to build clinical decision support. While continued development and refinement is needed, we believe that such models could one day prove useful in reducing information overload for ICU physicians by providing needed clinical decision support for a variety of clinically important tasks.
Determination of Volumetric Sweep Efficiency in Mature Waterfloods Using Production Data (1997)

Abstract Calculation of volumetric sweep efficiency in a mature water-flood is important. It provides an indication of the fraction of the reservoir which has been swept or not swept by the injected water. Additional oil recovery potential exists in the unswept portion of the reservoir. In most waterflood analyses, volumetric sweep calculations are computed using estimates of net injected water volumes. In many reservoirs, net injection volumes cannot be computed due to poor injection records or the loss of injection water out of zone. This paper describes a technique for computing volumetric sweep efficiency using only oil production data. The method can easily be adapted for analysis in a computer spreadsheet or using simple graphical procedures. The method is based upon volumetric material balance and standard waterflood principles. It can be applied to those oil reservoirs possessing a free gas saturation at the start of injection or when no free gas is present. The procedure, however, is only valid after free gas fillup, and has broad application in many mature waterfloods. The computed volumetric sweep can be coupled with routine production decline curve analysis to estimate ultimate volumetric sweep under current operations. The technique can be used to provide insight to the upside oil recovery potential under alternate injection schemes. Results of the analysis are dependent upon floodable pore volume, oil saturation at the start of the waterflood, connate water saturation, and average water saturation in the water swept portion of the reservoir. The procedure can be applied to both regular and irregular patterns.
Effectiveness of special nursery provision for children with autism spectrum disorders (2010)

The effectiveness of three local authority early teaching interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) was studied. Thirty-three children (2:6 to 4:0 years old) received one of three early teaching interventions: a 1:1 home-based programme, and two different forms of special nursery placement. Measures from the Psycho-Educational Profile, British Abilities Scale, and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales were taken over a 10 month period. The study showed moderate effect sizes for improvements in all scales for children attending a generalized special nursery placement, and for those attending a special nursery placement solely for children with ASDs. Children receiving a home-based 1:1 programme with similar intervention hours showed moderate effect sizes for the PEP and BAS but not for the VABS. These data show that special nursery placements can offer benefits to children with ASDs, especially in the area of adaptive behavioural functioning.
Flexible storage medium for write-once optical tape (1992)

A write-once data storage media has been developed which is suitable for optical tape applications. The media is manufactured using a continuous film process to deposit a ternary alloy of tin, bismuth, and copper. This laser sensitive layer is sputter deposited onto commercial plastic web as a single-layer thin film. A second layer is sequentially deposited on top of the alloy to enhance the media performance and act as an abrasion resistant hard overcoat. The media was observed to have laser write sensitivities of less than 2.0 njoules/bit, carrier-to-noise levels of greater than 50 dBs, modulation depths of approximately 100%, read-margins of greater than 35, uniform grain sizes of less than 200 angstroms, and a media lifetime that exceeds 10 years. Prototype tape media was produced for use in the CREO drive system. The active and overcoat materials are first sputter deposited onto three mil PET film in a single pass through the vacuum coating system, and then converted down into multiple reels of 35 mm X 880 m tape. One mil PET film was also coated in this manner and then slit and packaged into 3480 tape cartridges.
Directed Evolution of Polymerases To Accept Nucleotides with Nonstandard Hydrogen Bond Patterns (2013)

Artificial genetic systems have been developed by synthetic biologists over the past two decades to include additional nucleotides that form additional nucleobase pairs independent of the standard T:A and C:G pairs. Their use in various tools to detect and analyze DNA and RNA requires polymerases that synthesize duplex DNA containing unnatural base pairs. This is especially true for nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which has been shown to dramatically lower noise in multiplexed nested PCR if nonstandard nucleotides are used in their external primers. We report here the results of a directed evolution experiment seeking variants of Taq DNA polymerase that can support the nested PCR amplification with external primers containing two particular nonstandard nucleotides, 2-amino-8-(1'-β-d-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl)imidazo[1,2-a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)-one (trivially called P) that pairs with 6-amino-5-nitro-3-(1'-β-d-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridone (trivially called Z). Variants emerging from the directed evolution experiments were shown to pause less when challenged in vitro to incorporate dZTP opposite P in a template. Interestingly, several sites involved in the adaptation of Taq polymerases in the laboratory were also found to have displayed "heterotachy" (different rates of change) in their natural history, suggesting that these sites were involved in an adaptive change in natural polymerase evolution. Also remarkably, the polymerases evolved to be less able to incorporate dPTP opposite Z in the template, something that was not selected. In addition to being useful in certain assay architectures, this result underscores the general rule in directed evolution that "you get what you select for".
Computing rank-convolutions with a mask (2009)

Rank-convolutions have important applications in a variety of areas such as signal processing and computer vision. We define a mask as a function taking only values zero and infinity. Rank-convolutions with masks are of special interest to image processing. We show how to compute the rank- k convolution of a function over an interval of length n with an arbitrary mask of length m in O ( n √ m log m ) time. The result generalizes to the d -dimensional case. Previously no algorithm performing significantly better than the brute-force O ( nm ) bound was known. Our algorithm seems to perform well in practice. We describe an implementation, illustrating its application to a problem in image processing. Already on relatively small images, our experiments show a signficant speedup compared to brute force.
Antibody-Bridged Beacon for Homogeneous Detection of Small Molecules (2018)

In conventional competitive immunoassays for small molecules (SM), antibodies are either immobilized to solid phases or labeled with magnetic particles or probes. The former involves laborious blocking and washing steps, whereas the latter requires complicated labeling and purification steps. To circumvent these limitations, we describe here a new type of molecular beacon, termed antibody-bridged beacon (AbB), enabling homogeneous detection of SM without any immobilization or labeling of the antibody. The AbB is formed by the binding of an antibody to a pair of SM-labeled oligonucleotide probes that each comprise a stem sequence conjugated by either a fluorophore or a quencher. Competitive binding of the SM target to the antibody destructs the stem-loop structure of AbB, restoring the quenched fluorescence. A minimum binding energy of stem sequences is required for efficient formation of the desired stem-loop structure of AbB. A systematic study of the impact of stem sequences on the fluorescence background and quenching efficiency provided useful benchmarks, e.g., binding energy of -11 kcal/mol, for the construction of AbB. The optimized AbB showed fast signal responses, as demonstrated in the analyses of two small molecule targets, biotin and digoxin. Low nanomolar limits of detection were achieved. The novel AbB strategy, along with the guidelines established for the construction and application of AbB, offers a promising approach for homogeneous detection of small molecules, obviating immobilization or labeling of antibodies as required by other competitive immunoassays.
Effects of Tamoxifen on the Radiosensitivity of Hormonally Responsive and Unresponsive Breast Carcinoma Cells (1993)

Abstract The effect of tamoxifen on the radiosensitivity of an estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and an estrogen receptor negative (ER−) breast carcinoma cell line was studied in vitro. Tamoxifen concentrations of 1 and 5 μM inhibited the proliferation of ER+ MCF‐7 cells but had little effect on the growth of ER− MDA‐MB‐231. A 48 hr incubation in tamoxifen increased the proportion of G 0 /G 1 MCF‐7 cells, but minimally altered the cell cycle kinetics of MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Tamoxifen resulted in a small but significant increase in the mean inactivation dose of subconfluent cultures of the ER+ cells but had no effect on the ER− cells. The predominant change for MCF‐7 cells was a decrease in the linear damage coefficient, alpha. This was not associated with any enhanced capacity to recover from split radiation fractions. There was no difference in radiosensitivity comparing irradiated log‐phase to immediately plated plateau‐phase cells. However, 24 hr delayed plating of irradiated plateau‐phase cells resulted in decreased radiosensitivity of a magnitude comparable to that seen with tamoxifen. Quantitation of DNA strand fragmentation revealed no difference in the amount of single or double strand break induction nor the kinetics of strand break repair for cultures irradiated with or without tamoxifen. We conclude that tamoxifen results in a small decrease in the radiosensitivity of proliferating hormone responsive breast carcinoma cells and this effect appears to be most related to delay in cycle progression after release from tamoxifen inhibition. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influencia de la información financiera y no financiera en la rentabilidad bursátil de empresas del sector TIC europeo (2007)

El objetivo del presente trabajo es contrastar si las noticias publicadas en el apartado de notas de prensa de las paginas web de 101 companias del sector TIC europeo, influyen en el comportamiento de las cotizaciones de los titulos. Se han seleccionado 8.630 noticias publicadas durante el periodo 2003-2005, clasificandolas en 18 categorias, 13 de tipo no financiero y 5 de tipo financiero.
La evidencia obtenida indica que los mercados eaccionan ante la publicacion de las noticias de caracter no financiero, si bien se observan diferencias segun el tipo de informacion suministrada.

Asimismo, pese a las posturas que defienden una perdida de relevancia de la informacion financiera en los sectores intensivos en tecnologia, nuestros resultados evidencian la significatividad de dicha informacion.
Demonstration of motionless Knudsen pump based micro-gas chromatography featuring micro-fabricated columns and on-column detectors (2011)

This paper reports the investigation of a micro-gas chromatography (μGC) system that utilizes an array of miniaturized motionless Knudsen pumps (KPs) as well as microfabricated separation columns and optical detectors. A prototype system was built to achieve a flow rate of 1 mL min(-1) and 0.26 mL min(-1) for helium and dry air, respectively, when they were used as carrier gas. This system was then employed to evaluate GC performance compromises and demonstrate the ability to separate and detect gas mixtures containing analytes of different volatilities and polarities. Furthermore, the use of pressure programming of the KP array was demonstrated to significantly shorten the analysis time while maintaining a high detection resolution. Using this method, we obtained a high resolution detection of 5 alkanes of different volatilities within 5 min. Finally, we successfully detected gas mixtures of various polarities using a tandem-column μGC configuration by installing two on-column optical detectors to obtain complementary chromatograms.