gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ENDOCRINE ACTIVITY OF THE TESTIS IN OBESE-HYPERGLYCAEMIC MICE (1963)

ABSTRACT The endocrine activity of the testis in relation to hyperglycaemia and obesity was investigated by using hereditary obese-hyperglycaemic mice (AO-mice). The AO-mice had smaller testes and hypoplastic seminal vesicles. The occurrence of atrophic interstitial Leydig cells was a conspicuous feature in these animals. However, a positive reaction for steroid 3β-ol dehydrogenase was also obtained in these interstitial cells. The Leydig cells of the AO-mice represented an endocrine organ with a total volume of only half that in the normal litter mates (AN-mice). Although there was a slight decrease in the number of spermatozoa, all stages of a normal spermatogenesis were identified. The signs of reduced endocrine activity of the testis in the obese-hyperglycaemic syndrome are discussed in the light of previous data on reproduction anomalies in diabetes and obesity.
Erratum: Energy transfer in condensed media. I. Two-level systems [J. Chem. Phys. <b>8</b> <b>3</b>, 4118 (1985)] (1986)

First Page
On the Origin of Alchemy (1953)

Research Article| January 01 1953 On the Origin of Alchemy R. J. Forbes R. J. Forbes Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences (1974) 4: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.2307/27757160 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. J. Forbes; On the Origin of Alchemy. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 1 January 1974; 4 1–11. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/27757160 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentHistorical Studies in the Natural Sciences Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1953 University of Pennsylvania Press Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Hedgehog signaling protein expression and its association with prognostic parameters in prostate cancer: A retrospective study from the view point of new 2010 anatomic stage/prognostic groups (2011)

Hh signaling activity is significantly associated with worse prognostic parameters. Shh can be regarded as a poor prognostic factor for PSA recurrence.
Comprehensive comparison of a current-source and a voltage-source converter for three-phase EV fast battery chargers (2015)

This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of a current-source converter and a voltage-source converter for three-phase electric vehicle (EV) fast battery chargers. Taking into account that the current-source converter (CSC) is a natural buck-type converter, the output voltage can assume a wide range of values, which varies between zero and the maximum instantaneous value of the power grid phase-to-phase voltage. On the other hand, taking into account that the voltage-source converter (VSC) is a natural boost-type converter, the output voltage is always greater than the maximum instantaneous value of the power grid phase-to-phase voltage, and consequently, it is necessary to use a dc-dc buck-type converter for applications as EV fast battery chargers. Along the paper is described in detail the principle of operation of both the CSC and the VSC for EV fast chargers, as well as the main equations of the power theory and current control strategies. The comparison between both converters is mainly established in terms of the total harmonic distortion of the grid current and the estimated efficiency for a range of operation between 10 kW and 50 kW.
Growth Hormone, the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System, and the Kidney* (1996)

GH receptors, IGFs, and IGF-receptors are expressed in the kidney. Their location in the different parts of the nephron suggests autocrine or paracrine as well as endocrine modes of action. A lack of GH receptors and probably of IGF-I synthesis in glomeruli in vivo suggest that all glomerular GH and IGF-I effects are mediated by circulating IGF-I through endocrine modes. GH and IGF-I increase GFR in normal rats and humans, and increase phosphate and possibly sodium reabsorption in normal and diabetic subjects. During normal renal development GH, IGF-I, and IGF-II appear to play a role. GH and IGF-I cause kidney growth, and circulating and/or renal IGF-I appear to contribute to renal hypertrophy and compensatory renal growth in experimental animal models. GH may contribute also to glomerular sclerosis and progression of renal failure in experimental models. In patients with chronic renal failure such a role of endogenous or exogenous GH has not yet been convincingly proven. In chronic or acute renal failure and in the nephrotic syndrome there are complex abnormalities in the systemic and renal IGF/IGFBP-system. In chronic renal failure there is resistance to GH and IGF-I that can be overridden by pharmacological administration of each of the peptides. GH is used therapeutically in children with chronic renal failure to accelerate growth. GH and IGF-I may be useful agents to improve nitrogen balance and nutritional status in patients with chronic renal failure. In rats with ARF, administration of IGF-I accelerates the recovery of renal function. Whether this treatment is also successful in patients with ARF remains to be demonstrated by ongoing clinical trials.
Effects of intravenous calcitonin on water, electrolyte, and calcium movement across in vivo rabbit jejunum and ileum. (1977)

The influence of intravenously administered synthetic salmon calcitonin on water, electrolyte and calcium fluxes in in vivo rabbit jejunum and ileum was examined. Rabbits were divided into four groups: those receiving (1) saline intravenously while a glucose-free isotonic saline solution perfused the jejunum and ileum; (2) calcitonin intravenously while the same intestinal perfusate was used as in group 1; (3) intravenous saline while 10 mM glucose-isotonic saline solution perfused jejunum and ileum; and (4) intravenous calcitonin while the intestinal perfusate was of the same composition as in group 3. Calcitonin provoked a significant increase in jejunal and ileal water, sodium, and bicarbonate secretion in both the glucose-free and glucose-containing perfusate groups. No influence on calcium movement was noted. These results, similar to findings of Gray et al. (J Clin Invest 52:3084-3088, 1975) in human jejunum, suggest that calcitonin may play a role in the pathogenesis of the watery diarrhea noted in about one-third of patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. In addition, these studies demonstrate the usefulness of the rabbit as an animal model with which to investigate further the effects of calcitonin upon intestinal fluid and electrolyte transport.
Sterische und elektrostatische Effekte in der <i>Schmidt</i>‐Reaktion (1956)

Abstract Several basically substituted lactams have been synthesized from cyclic ketones by means of the Schmidt reaction.
Gear Lubrication in Inert Gas Atmospheres (1960)

An investigation was made of the effect of inert gas atmospheres on the gear load-carrying capacity of lubricants. The experiments were performed in two types of gear test machines, using case-hardened AMS-6260 steel test gears. It was found that two mineral oils (a solvent-extracted turbine oil base stock and a USP grade white mineral oil), as well as the same oils fortified with different extreme-pressure additives, all exhibited a decided increase in load-carrying capacity when the gears were operated in an atmosphere of nitrogen or argon instead of air. On the other hand, the response of synthetic lubricants was not found to be necessarily similar. In fact, only one of the six synthetic fluids tested showed any significant increase in load-carrying capacity when the gears were operated in a nitrogen atmosphere.
Aminoboronic acids and esters: from synthetic challenges to the discovery of unique classes of enzyme inhibitors (2011)

Although boronic acids have attracted considerable interest as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis, their contributions in chemical biology and drug discovery programs have long been underestimated. This situation is changing since the beginning of the 2000s, mainly due to significant advances in modern organoborane chemistry and the recent FDA approval of Velcade®, a boropeptide used for multiple myeloma treatment. There is now a significant renewed interest in the design and synthesis of new boron-containing compounds. Due to their close analogy to their carbon counterparts, aminoboronic acids, alone or incorporated at the C-terminal position of a peptide, represent one of the major classes of organoboranes evaluated as potential drug candidates. This critical review aims to provide an overview of the current state of the art in their synthesis and their most relevant biological properties (156 references).
Making a movement infrastructure (2015)

\n\t\t\t\t\tAn exhibition and performance within the icosahedron, a human scale structure made of 3D printed parts and PVC pipes. The "movement infrastructure" a system for fitness practices, integrating the human body with geometric configurations.\n\t\t\t\t
Semantic Networks (2005)

Abstract A semantic network is a graphic notation for representing knowledge in patterns of interconnected nodes and arcs.
Coordination of an N-Heterocyclic Phosphenium Containing Pincer Ligand to a Co(CO)<sub>2</sub> Fragment Allows Oxidation To Form an Unusual N-Heterocyclic Phosphinito Species (2011)

A tridentate pincer ligand featuring a central N-heterocyclic phosphenium (NHP+) donor has been coordinated to a Co(CO)2 fragment to generate the Co NHP complex [PPP]Co(CO)2 (2). The NHP unit adopts an unusual pyramidal geometry with a relatively long Co–P distance, suggesting a stereochemically active nonbonding phosphorus lone pair. Interestingly, treatment of 2 with trimethylamine N-oxide affords [P(P═O)P]Co(CO)2 (3), in which the Co-bound central phosphorus donor has been oxidized to an unprecedented N-heterocyclic phosphinito species. The bonding and electronic properties of these complexes are discussed in the context of DFT and NBO computational data.
Environmental Effects on the Development of Brown Stem Rot in Soybean (1992)

Brown stem rot of soybean (Glycine max), caused by Phialophora gregata, can cause significant yield reductions under favorable environmental conditions. Leaf symptoms may not always be present in the field; therefore, field evaluation must rely on stem symptoms. Eleven genotypes from maturity groups I, II, and III were planted in hill plots (three plants per hill) in two environments with different fertility and crop rotations for two years, 1988 and 1989, with and without inoculation with P. gregata. All genotypes showed greater development of brown stem rot stem symptoms under low fertility and in inoculated plots(.)
Detergent and Detergent-Free Methods to Define Lipid Rafts and Caveolae (2007)

Lipid rafts and their related membrane vesicular structures, caveolae, are cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich microdomains of the plasma membrane that have attracted considerable interest because of their ability to concentrate numerous signaling proteins. Efforts to define the proteins that reside in lipid rafts and caveolae as well as investigations into the functional role of these microdomains in signaling, endocytosis, and other cellular processes have led to the hypothesis that they compartmentalize or prearrange molecules involved in regulating these pathways. This chapter describes biochemical approaches for defining lipid rafts and caveolae. Included are detergent- and nondetergent-based fractionations on sucrose-density gradients that isolate buoyant lipid rafts and caveolae as well as caveolin antibody-based immunoisolation of detergent-insoluble membranes that selectively isolates caveolae and not lipid rafts. Also, a general method to disrupt lipid rafts and caveolae using beta-cyclodextrin that is useful for probing the role of these microdomains in cellular processes is described. The advantages and disadvantages of the respective approaches are discussed. Taken together, these methods are useful for defining the role of lipid rafts and caveolae in cell signaling.
Development of Amelogenin-chitosan Hydrogel for <em>In Vitro</em> Enamel Regrowth with a Dense Interface (2014)

Biomimetic enamel reconstruction is a significant topic in material science and dentistry as a novel approach for the treatment of dental caries or erosion. Amelogenin has been proven to be a critical protein for controlling the organized growth of apatite crystals. In this paper, we present a detailed protocol for superficial enamel reconstruction by using a novel amelogenin-chitosan hydrogel. Compared to other conventional treatments, such as topical fluoride and mouthwash, this method not only has the potential to prevent the development of dental caries but also promotes significant and durable enamel restoration. The organized enamel-like microstructure regulated by amelogenin assemblies can significantly improve the mechanical properties of etched enamel, while the dense enamel-restoration interface formed by an in situ regrowth of apatite crystals can improve the effectiveness and durability of restorations. Furthermore, chitosan hydrogel is easy to use and can suppress bacterial infection, which is the major risk factor for the occurrence of dental caries. Therefore, this biocompatible and biodegradable amelogenin-chitosan hydrogel shows promise as a biomaterial for the prevention, restoration, and treatment of defective enamel.
Detecting agency from the biological motion of veridical<i>vs</i>animated agents (2007)

The ability to detect agency is fundamental for understanding the social world. Underlying this capacity are neural circuits that respond to patterns of intentional biological motion in the superior temporal sulcus and temporoparietal junction. Here we show that the brain's blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) response to such motion is modulated by the representation of the actor. Dynamic social interactions were portrayed by either live-action agents or computer-animated agents, enacting the exact same patterns of biological motion. Using an event-related design, we found that the BOLD response associated with the perception and interpretation of agency was greater when identical physical movements were performed by real rather than animated agents. This finding has important implications for previous work on biological motion that has relied upon computer-animated stimuli and demonstrates that the neural substrates of social perception are finely tuned toward real-world agents. In addition, the response in lateral temporal areas was observed in the absence of instructions to make mental inferences, thus demonstrating the spontaneous implementation of the intentional stance.
A survey on actuators-driven surgical robots (2016)

Robot-assisted surgeries have been integrated and leading to a paradigm shift in surgical fields. With the emergence of Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), especially Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES), there are various benefits such as a minimization of side effects, enhancement of precise surgical procedures, and faster recovery after the surgery that patients can take from. However, in order to effectively employ and exploit surgical robots, numerous technical challenges need to be addressed. Among these, actuators play a vital role. To provide deeper understanding on current actuators-driven surgical robot, this study will comprehensively review on four main types of transmission systems namely cable-driven mechanism, flexible fluidic actuators, smart material actuators, and magnetic actuators, in terms of conceptual designs, modelling, and control as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Profound discussions and recommendations for the future of actuators-driven surgical robots will be also pointed out to give the roadmap in the surgical field.
Notch-1 and Notch-4 Biomarker Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2011)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) demonstrates lack of expression of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor. However, there is no targeted therapy for TNBC. The authors analyzed 29 TNBC cases for Notch-1 and Notch-4 biomarker expression and subcellular location, Ki67 proliferation rate, and relevant clinical/survival data. Results demonstrated an unfavorable Ki67 rate in 90% of cases, Notch-1 expression in tumor and endothelial cells in 100% of cases, and Notch-4 expression in tumor cells in 73% of cases and endothelial cells in 100% of cases. Additionally, subcellular localization of Notch-1 and Notch-4 was predominantly nuclear and cytoplasmic. In conclusion, (a) the majority of TNBCs are high-grade infiltrating ductal carcinomas with high Ki67 proliferation rate and (b) both Notch-1 and Notch-4 receptors are overexpressed in tumor and vascular endothelial cells with subcellular localization different from that of hormone-positive breast cancer. Targeting Notch signaling with gamma secretase inhibitors should to be explored to further improve the survival rate of TNBC patients.
An efficient timing synchronization technique for FFT based multi-carrier direct sequence spread spectrum transceiver (2002)

An efficient timing synchronization technique for a low complexity FFT based multi-carrier direct sequence spread spectrum IF/baseband transceiver is presented. The timing synchronization control loop consists of a robust acquisition loop and a tracking loop that eliminates the timing phase offset caused by the transmission delay, sampling error, and channel noise. The acquisition loop reduces the probability of false lock by continuous threshold checking and adjusting process. Both the acquisition and the tracking loop incorporate a simple feedback mechanism for a practical VLSI transceiver implementation. The effect of the sampling offset on the performance of the timing acquisition is discussed. The highest operating speed of the receiver is the Nyquist sampling rate, but the entire synchronization is performed using the low speed baseband signals. The performance of the synchronization under an additive white Gaussian noise channel is assumed.
Insulinoma-Released Exosomes or Microparticles Are Immunostimulatory and Can Activate Autoreactive T Cells Spontaneously Developed in Nonobese Diabetic Mice (2011)

Exosomes (EXO) are secreted intracellular microparticles that can trigger inflammation and induce Ag-specific immune responses. To test possible roles of EXO in autoimmunity, we isolated small microparticles, mainly EXO, from mouse insulinoma and examined their activities to stimulate the autoimmune responses in NOD mice, a model for human type 1 diabetes. We demonstrate that the EXO contains strong innate stimuli and expresses candidate diabetes autoantigens. They can induce secretion of inflammatory cytokines through a MyD88-dependent pathway, and activate purified APC and result in T cell proliferation. To address whether EXO or the secreted microparticles are possible autoimmune targets causing islet-specific inflammation, we monitored the T cell responses spontaneously developed in prediabetic NOD mice for their reactivity to the EXO, and compared this reactivity between diabetes-susceptible and -resistant congenic mouse strains. We found that older NOD females, which have advanced islet destruction, accumulated more EXO-reactive, IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes than younger females or age-matched males, and that pancreatic lymph nodes from the prediabetic NOD, but not from the resistant mice, were also enriched with EXO-reactive Th1 cells. In vivo, immunization with the EXO accelerates insulitis development in nonobese diabetes-resistant mice. Thus, EXO or small microparticles can be recognized by the diabetes-associated autoreactive T cells, supporting that EXO might be a possible autoimmune target and/or insulitis trigger in NOD or congenic mouse strains.
Chromatin structure of the ovalbumin gene family in the chicken oviduct (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromatin structure of the ovalbumin gene family in the chicken oviductJohn N. Anderson, Jeff N. Vanderbilt, George M. Lawson, Ming Jer Tsai, and Bert W. O'MalleyCite this: Biochemistry 1983, 22, 1, 21–30Publication Date (Print):January 4, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 4 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00270a004https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00270a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Disturbed Gastric Motor Activity in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (1997)

Our results suggest that HIV-associated visceral neuropathy may present already in relatively early stages of infection and may contribute to abdominal symptoms that occur frequently in these patients.
Covalent structure of collagen: amino acid sequence of .alpha.1(III)-CB9 from type III collagen of human liver (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCovalent structure of collagen: amino acid sequence of .alpha.1(III)-CB9 from type III collagen of human liverJerome M. Seyer and Andrew H. KangCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 9, 2621–2627Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00512a040https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00512a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts