gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FACES: Facial Animation, Construction and Editing System (1991)

The aim of the Facial Animation, Construction and Editing System (FACES) is to provide a software simulation of the human face. Attention has focused on the face as an important means of non-verbal communication. The interactive composition and modification of the human head and its subsequent animation, have been identified as being of particular interest. The novelty of FACES is that it integrates the modelling and animation of faces using a three-layer anatomical model. FACES consists of four sub-systems: CONSTRUCT, MODIFY, ANIMATE and RENDER. The CONSTRUCT and MODIFY sub-systems enable changes to be made to the structure of the head, at both global and local levels, enabling specific faces to be created. The ANIMATE sub-system caters for motion specification and control, so that real and exaggerated facial expressions can be animated. The RENDER part of the system facilitates the generation of realistic images and their real-time playback. In this paper we consider the system from the user's point of view, examining the facilities which are provided, their appropriateness and practicality.
Endpoint admission control (2000)

The traditional approach to implementing admission control, as exemplified by the Integrated Services proposal in the IETF, uses a signalling protocol to establish reservations at all routers along the path. While providing excellent quality-of-service, this approach has limited scalability because it requires routers to keep per-flow state and to process per-flow reservation messages. In an attempt to implement admission control without these scalability problems, several recent papers have proposed various forms of endpoint admission control . In these designs, the hosts (the endpoints) probe the network to detect the level of congestion; the host admits the flow only if the detected level of congestion is sufficiently low. This paper is devoted to the study of endpoint admission control. We first consider several architectural issues that guide (and constrain) the design of such systems. We then use simulations to evaluate the performance of endpoint admission control in various settings. The modest performance degradation between traditional router-based admission control and endpoint admission control suggests that a real-time service based on endpoint probing may be viable.
Rapid sex determination of chick embryos using the polymerase chain reaction<sup>1</sup> (1995)

Abstract The sex of early chicken embryos was determined by DNA dot‐blot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An oligonucleotide probe, specific to the XhoI family of repetitive DNA of the W chromosome, was hybridized to crude and purified preparations of DNA obtained from blood or cells from embryos and detected using chemiluminescence. Complete agreement was observed in sexing 100 embryos using the dot‐blot assay and visual inspection of embryonic gonadal tissue. Although the dot‐blot system was useful for determining the sex of embryos prior to and throughout incubation, the time required for hybridization and detection did not allow for the immediate manipulation of embryos. Therefore, a PCR assay was developed using primers specific to the XhoI repetitive element and rapid thermocycling with an air thermocycler. A female‐specific amplification product was observed using DNA from as few as two cells in the PCR. Furthermore, female DNA was detected in mixtures of male and female DNA at levels equivalent to one female cell in 5000 male cells. The high level of sensitivity permitted the sexing of unincubated embryos using a small biopsy of cells sampled in ovo. In general, the entire procedure, including sample preparation, the PCR, and electrophoresis could be completed within 2.5 hours thereby saving a considerable amount of time over techniques requiring hybridization. The ability to rapidly determine the sex of the unincubated chick embryo will facilitate studies on gonadal differentiation, the examination of sex differences during development, and assist current efforts to manipulate the avian genome using germline chimeras.
Isoprene Emission from Plants: Why and How (2007)

The capacity for isoprene emission evolved many times in plants, probably as a mechanism for coping with heat flecks. It also confers tolerance of reactive oxygen species. It is an example of isoprenoids enhancing membrane function, although the mechanism is likely to be different from that of sterols. Understanding the regulation of isoprene emission is advancing rapidly now that the pathway that provides the substrate is known.
Low-Leakage Repeaters for NoC Interconnects (2005)

Several low-leakage repeater circuits for network-on-chip (NoC) interconnects are presented and analyzed for various utilization rates. The recently proposed staggered-Vt (SVT) repeater is compared with the novel dual-Vt domino (DTD) repeaters and sleep repeaters (SR). These circuits are compared with standard low-Vt (LVT) repeaters in a 32-bit link. Up to 70% and 61% power reduction was obtained in SVT and DTD repeaters, respectively. DTD repeaters are the most area-efficient ones, showing 40% reduction in total area of repeaters. Sleep repeaters are most area-consuming and less effective in high and moderate utilization rates, but comparable to SVT in terms of power for utilization rates below 2%, showing 72% power reduction.
The efficiency of randomized parallel backtrack search (2002)

We present a refined analysis of the randomized parallel backtrack search algorithm (RPBS) of Karp and Zhang (1993). It is shown that the total number of messages occurred in the execution of RPBS is likely to be O(hp log d) where h and d are the height and degree of the backtrack search tree and p is the number of processors used. As a consequence, under the assumption of unit-time message delivery, the execution time of RPBS is likely to be n/p+O(h log d). Given its limited amount of communication, RPBS can be efficiently implemented in a message-passing or shared-memory multiprocessor systems. A general analysis of network implementation of RPBS is given. Some experimental data are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hedge Fund Performance and Manager Skill (2001)

Abstract Using data on the monthly returns of hedge funds during the period January 1990 to August 1998, we estimate six‐factor Jensen alphas for individual hedge funds, employing eight different investment styles. We find that about 25% of the hedge funds earn positive excess returns and that the frequency and magnitude of funds' excess returns differ markedly with investment style. Using six‐factor alphas as a measure of performance, we also analyze performance persistence over 1‐year and 2‐year horizons and find evidence of significant persistence among both winners and losers. These findings, together with our finding that hedge funds that pay managers higher incentive fees also have higher excess returns, are consistent with the view that fund manager skill may be a partial explanation for the positive excess returns earned by hedge funds. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:1003–1028, 2001
Biopolymers from Polysaccharides and Agroproteins (2001)

Industrial competitiveness will increasingly depend on our ability to rapidly adapt and incorporate new technological advances. Furthermore, technological advances to reduce cost will often be associated with needs to reduce environmental contaminants and wastes from processes. This has resulted in increased global emphasis on knowledge that will enable sustainable production of materials using technologies that are safe for the environment. Cradle-to-grave evaluation of new and existing products and processes is creating new criteria for the acceptability of products. The use of natural or renewable resources is critical for this development. A wide range of naturally occurring polymers derived from renewable resources is available for material applications. Some of these, such as cellulose and starch, are actively used in products today, while many others remain underutilized. Excellent basic and applied research in this field, and increased global regulatory pressure, has spawned the formation of fledgling industries. A well-publicized
A CELL WALL COMPONENT FROM PATHOGENIC AND NON-PATHOGENIC GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA (PEPTIDOGLYCAN) SYNERGISES WITH ENDOTOXIN TO CAUSE THE RELEASE OF TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR-α, NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION, SHOCK, AND MULTIPLE ORGAN INJURY/DYSFUNCTION IN THE RAT (2001)

The incidence of sepsis and septic shock due to gram-positive organisms has increased dramatically over the last two decades. Interestingly, many patients with sepsis/septic shock have both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria present in the bloodstream and these polymicrobial or "mixed" infections often have a higher mortality than infection due to a single organism. The reason for this observation is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cell wall fragments from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria could synergise to cause the release of cytokines, shock, and organ injury/ dysfunction in vivo. Male Wistar rats were anaesthetised and received an intravenous bolus of vehicle (saline), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli (0.1 mg/kg), peptidoglycan (Pep G) from Staphylococcus aureus (S10 mg/kg), co-administration of LPS (0.1 mg/kg) and PepG from S. aureus (10 mg/kg), LPS (10 mg/kg), PepG from Bacillus subtilis, or co-administration of LPS and PepG from B. subtilis. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored for 6 h before plasma samples were taken for the measurement of TNF-alpha, total nitrite, and biochemical indices of organ injury. Peptidoglycan from both pathogenic (S. aureus) and non-pathogenic (B. subtilis) gram-positive bacteria synergised with endotoxin to cause formation of TNF-alpha, nitrite, shock, and organ injury. Synergism between PepG and LPS may partly explain the high mortality associated with mixed bacterial infections, as well as the deleterious effects of translocation of bacteria, or their cell wall components from the gut lumen in patients with sepsis.
Three-dimensional routing for multilayer ceramic printed circuit boards (2002)

An efficient three-dimensional (3-D) routing technique is presented for multilayer ceramic printed circuit (PC) boards. The router can take account of via length as well as pattern length. In the first of the two steps involved, it searches in the direction of via depth from start and end points only. This is called two-and-a-half-dimension (2.5-D) routing. Step two combines 2-D and 3-D routing for wiring not covered in step one. This enables tens of thousands of wires to be routed at 99% effectiveness in less than four hours of CPU time, with all delay conditions satisfied.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A phase II trial of imatinib in patients with refractory/relapsed myeloma (2005)

Although imatinib was designed to specifically inhibit the bcr-abl gene product, it inhibits other receptor tyrosine kinases including c-kit. As pre-clinical data, 126 patients with plasma cell disorders and 19 controls were evaluated for c-kit expression. Patients were eligible for the treatment trial if they had relapsed/refractory myeloma. The primary end-point of the study was response. Of the 145 studied before the trial, c-kit expression was present on the bone marrow plasma cells of control (11%), AL amyloid (53%), MGUS (47%), SMM (67%) and MM (42%) patients. Twenty-three MM patients were enrolled on the therapeutic trial (imatinib 400 mg daily) and 52% had positive c-kit staining. There were no responses. The median duration of treatment was 48 days (range: 12-349). Patients ended treatment due to progressive disease (18 patients), death (3) and other (2). The data suggest that imatinib is not an active agent in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
The effect of an intervention combining self‐efficacy theory and pedometers on promoting physical activity among adolescents (2011)

It is important for health professionals, including school health nurses, involved in the care of adolescent health, to design and provide a physical activity intervention combining self-efficacy theory and provision of pedometer to promote physical activity.
Analytical design of reusable software components for evolvable, embedded applications (2003)

Transforming software requirements into a software design involves the iterative partition of a solution into software components. The partition process starts with the identification of basic high-level design components and concludes with the definition of low-level design elements such as modules, packages, and library specifications. The process is human-intensive and does not guarantee that design objectives such as reusability, evolvability, and adaptable performance are satisfied. This paper overviews our analytical approach for partitioning basic elements of a software solution into reusable and evolvable software components. We discuss the process of generating basic components for an embedded control application using a representative object-oriented design technique. Then we outline our analytical approach and demonstrate its application to a class of search techniques which can be embedded into applications requiring polynomial-time search of a solution-space. Lastly, we discuss future research directions.
Fabrication of Hollow Palladium Spheres and Their Successful Application to the Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Suzuki Coupling Reactions (2002)

Novel palladium hollow spheres were synthesized using silica spheres as a template, and they were successfully applied as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Suzuki cross coupling reactions.
Molecular biology of<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>cytochromes (1992)

Bacillus subtilis cells must have cytochromes for growth and can synthesize cytochromes of a-, b-, c-, d-, and o-types. After a long lag, our knowledge of the structure, genetics and specific role for these cytochromes is now growing exponentially as the result of recent research. This progress is reviewed here and includes, for example, the discovery of two different cytochrome a systems and genes required for their biogenesis.
SPICY ANTI-CANCER SPICES: A REVIEW (2015)

The uses of ethnomedicinal dietary antimutagens and anticarcinogens for human healthcare still remain the most promising approach to the protection of human health and medication system in developing and under developing nations. The plant sources of India provide effective anticancer agents. Spice Herbs have a vital role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Spices have been used for thousands of years and are known for their flavor, taste and color in the food. Moreover, ethnomedicinal spices used to treat cancer are considerably cheap. Herbal drug treatment can be given to poor people in the rural areas to treat different cancers effectively at an affordable cost. The article reveals the most recent studies on dietary ethnomedicinal spices and their families used to treat various types of cancer.
Apical obturation quality of Epiphany/Resilon root canal filling system (2010)

Aim: This study analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) the\nquality of the apical obturation of a methacrylate based\n(polycaprolactone) root-canal filling system (Epiphany/Resilon)\ncompared to that of an epoxy-resin based endodontic sealer (Sealer\n26/gutta-percha). Methods: Twenty roots of human maxillary canines\nwere debrided using ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments and\n2.5% NaOCl solution. The roots were divided into two groups (n=10):\ngroup I was sealed with Epiphany/Resilon and group II with Sealer\n26/gutta-percha points. After set, the apical region of the roots was\nabraded until filling exposure and was then sectioned to obtain\n2-mm–thick specimens. The specimens were analyzed by SEM and the\nimages obtained were recorded and evaluated using an integration grid\nthat permitted the quantification of the obturated area. Results: \nStatistical analysis (2-way ANOVA - Bonferroni test - p<0.05)\nrevealed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the root canal\nfilling systems. Conclusion: In conclusion, the two tested root canal\nfilling systems showed similar behavior regarding to the quality of the\napical obturation.
Effect of a new 5α‐reductase inhibitor on size, histologic characteristics, and androgen concentrations of the canine prostate (1982)

Mature male beagles were used in studies designed to determine the effect of the steroidal 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor 17 beta-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-aza-4-methyl-5 alpha-androstan-3-one (4-MA) on size, histology, and androgen concentration of the prostate. Subcutaneous administration of 3 or 15 mg/kg/day for 43 days caused a sharp decline in prostate volume. flattening of prostatic epithelial cells, vacuolization of the cytoplasm and pycnosis of the nuclei. Whereas serum testosterone levels remained normal in dogs injected with 3 mg/kg/day, they were lower in those that received 15 mg/kg/day. Concentration of both testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone were reduced in the prostates of dogs that had received either 3 or 15 mg/kg/day of 4-MA. The 15 mg/kg/day level also appeared to adversely affect spermatogenesis. In a 43-day study, 4-MA given orally once each day at levels of 0.1, 0.3, or 1 mg/kg failed to cause a significant decrease in prostate volume. However, daily divided oral doses totaling 1 or 3 mg/kg were given in a 42-day test and both treatment levels produced significant reductions in prostate size.
Expression of Sialyl Lewisa as a new prognostic factor for patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma (1995)

Sialyl Lewis(a) antigen expression in primary tumors and metastases to regional lymph nodes is a useful marker for evaluating tumor aggressiveness and prognosis in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Targeted disruption of the murine VCAM1 gene: essential role of VCAM-1 in chorioallantoic fusion and placentation. (1995)

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is expressed on vascular endothelium in a variety of inflammatory conditions and mediates leukocyte recruitment from blood into tissues. In this study we report a novel role for VCAM-1 in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta during development. The murine VCAM1 gene was disrupted by targeted homologous recombination, and a distinct phenotype was found in VCAM-1-deficient embryos. At 8.5 days of gestation, the allantois failed to fuse to the chorion, resulting in abnormal placental development and embryonic death within 1-3 days. In addition, a role for VCAM-1 in early placental formation after chorioallantoic fusion was observed. In a minority of VCAM-1-deficient embryos, the allantois was able to fuse with the chorion, but the allantoic mesoderm was abnormally distributed over the chorionic surface. A small number of VCAM-1-deficient embryos survived, presumably by circumventing the placentation defects. They became viable and fertile adult mice with lack of VCAM-1 expression, normal organs, and an elevated number of circulating blood mononuclear leukocytes.
TWO THEOREMS IN GRAPH THEORY (1957)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
RABBIT: a testbed for advanced control theory (2003)

Describes the design, construction and control of an experimental bipedal robot platform for the study of walking.
Pivotal role of the mineralocorticoid receptor in corticosteroid‐induced adipogenesis (2007)

In addition to their role in controlling water and salt homeostasis, recent work suggests that aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) may be involved in adipocyte biology. This is of particular relevance given the role of MR as a high-affinity receptor for both mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. We have thus examined the effect of aldosterone and MR on white adipose cell differentiation. When cells are cultured in a steroid-free medium, aldosterone promotes acquisition of the adipose phenotype of 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A cells in a time-, dose-, and MR-dependent manner. In contrast, late and long-term exposure to dexamethasone inhibits adipocyte terminal maturation. The aldosterone effect on adipose maturation was accompanied by induction of PPARgamma mRNA expression, which was blocked by the MR antagonist spironolactone. Under permissive culture conditions, specific MR down-regulation by siRNAs markedly inhibited 3T3-L1 differentiation by interfering with the transcriptional control of adipogenesis, an effect not mimicked by specific inactivation of the glucocorticoid receptor. These results demonstrate that MR represents an important proadipogenic transcription factor that may mediate both aldosterone and glucocorticoid effects on adipose tissue development. MR thus may be of pathophysiological relevance to the development of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
Renal function and renotropic effects of secretin in cystic fibrosis. (1997)

In ten cystic fibrosis patients and nine age-matched controls, renal function was determined before and after infusion of secretin. Under baseline conditions creatinine excretion and clearance were significantly elevated, exclusively due to those patients who were homozygous for the DF508 mutation (153 vs 132 ml/min*1.73m2), whereas the glomerular filtration rate, measured by inulin clearance showed no difference. Renal plasma flow and the fractional reabsorption rates of electrolytes were similar in patients and controls. During secretin infusion renal plasma flow increased and the fractional reabsorption rates of electrolytes decreased in both groups. The patients had a increased metabolic clearance (2900 vs 1660 ml/min*m2) and endogenous production rate (9,9 vs 2,5 pmol/min*m2) of of secretin. In conclusion global renal function and electrolyte handling, in particular chloride permeability, are unchanged in cystic fibrosis. Individuals expressing the DF508 genotype showed a selective elevation of creatinine excretion and clearance. The secretion and metabolic clearance of secretin are increased in cystic fibrosis.
Extraction of lanthanides from acidic solution using tributyl phosphate modified supercritical carbon dioxide (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExtraction of lanthanides from acidic solution using tributyl phosphate modified supercritical carbon dioxideK. E. Laintz and E. TachikawaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 13, 2190–2193Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00085a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00085a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views630Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts