gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Varicella-Zoster Virus ORF47 Protein Kinase, Which Is Required for Replication in Human T Cells, and ORF66 Protein Kinase, Which Is Expressed during Latency, Are Dispensable for Establishment of Latency (2003)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) results in a lifelong latent infection in human sensory and cranial nerve ganglia after primary infection. VZV open reading frame 47 (ORF47) and ORF66 encode protein kinases that phosphorylate several viral proteins, including VZV glycoprotein gE and ORF32, ORF62, and ORF63 proteins. Here we show that the ORF47 protein kinase also phosphorylates gI. While ORF47 is essential for virus replication in human T cells and skin, we found the gene to be dispensable for establishment of latent infection in dorsal root ganglia of rodents. ORF66 protein is expressed during latency. Rodents infected with VZV unable to express ORF66 developed latent infection at a rate similar to that for the parental virus. ORF63 transcripts, a hallmark of VZV latency, were also detected in similar numbers of animals infected with the ORF47 and ORF66 mutants and with the parental virus. VZV mutants unable to express four of the six genes that do not have herpes simplex virus (HSV) homologs (ORFs 1, 13, 32, 57) were also unimpaired for establishment of latency. While a truncated HSV VP16 mutant was previously reported to be unable to establish latency in a mouse model, we found that VZV with a deletion of ORF10, the homolog of HSV VP16, was dispensable for establishment of latency. Thus, seven genes, including one expressed during latency, are dispensable for establishing latent VZV infection.
Multi-resolution PR NMDFBs for programmable variable bandwidth filter in wideband digital transceivers (2014)

This paper describes a novel application of perfect reconstruction (PR) non-maximally decimated filter banks (NMDFBs). PR non-maximally decimated analysis/synthesis chains are used for performing resampling, channelization and filtering in very wideband software defined radios. Digital wideband filtering is currently limited by the hardware clock speed which constrains the maximum signal bandwidth that can be processed digitally. Polyphase channelizers decrease the sample rate of the input signals and parallelize the wideband filtering process at cost of a single filter. In this paper we show how to assemble multiple-tier PR analysis/synthesis channelizer chains for implementing, in a very efficient way, variable bandwidth digital filters and multi-resolution systems operating on very wideband signals. When an internal tier analysis channelizer is applied to a single output channel of a first external tier analysis channelizer it decomposes this channel in multiple narrower subchannels and, by applying appropriate complex processing elements to those sub-channels we can modify the designed filter bandwidth as desired.
LFB1 and LFB3 homeoproteins are sequentially expressed during kidney development (1992)

LFB1 (HNF-1/HNF-1 alpha/APF) and LFB3 (vHNF-1/HNF-1 beta) are two homeoproteins involved in the transcriptional regulation of several liver-specific genes. Both genes are expressed in the polarized epithelia of a wide range of tissues, including liver, the digestive tract and kidney. We have analyzed the expression pattern of LFB1 and LFB3 in the developing rat kidney by in situ hybridization. Our results show that LFB3 transcripts can be detected in mesoderm-derived cells as soon as they are induced to differentiate into a polarized epithelium, while LFB1 transcripts appear only at a later stage when the three different segments of the nephron become apparent. LFB1 transcripts are restricted to the proximal and distal tubules, whereas LFB3 is also detected in the collecting ducts. Neither LFB1 nor LFB3 are expressed in the glomeruli or in the transition epithelia of the ureters and of the urinary bladder, none of which are involved in active transport mechanisms. The sequential activation of these two genes is also observed in transfilter organ cultures of nephrogenic mesenchyme at different stages after induction. This expression pattern suggests that LFB3 and LFB1 play a role in two critical stages of the developmentally regulated conversion of the nephric mesenchyme into a polarized epithelium: the early inductory phase (LFB3) and the postinductory phase (LFB1+LFB3).
Dehydroepiandrosterone antiestrogenic action through androgen receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. (1994)

The possible mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on the estrogen-induced growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were explored. The impairment of metabolic pathways, via the inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity, was excluded: G6PD activity in MCF-7 homogenate was reduced by DHEA only at a very high concentration (50 microM), while no inhibitory action on the enzyme activity was detected when DHEA was added at the antimitotic concentrations (0.02-0.5 microM). A steroid receptor mediated effect was explored: DHEA might either activate androgen receptors (AR) or partially displace E2 from estrogen receptor (ER). The pure antiandrogens Flutamide and Hydroxyflutamide reversed the inhibitory effect of DHEA on MCF-7 cell growth, whereas both the nonsteroidal estrogen Diethylstilbestrol and the antiestrogen Tamoxifen were ineffective. Results demonstrate that the AR activation plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory action of DHEA on the E2-induced MCF-7 growth.
Highly tunable photonic crystal filter for the terahertz range (2005)

By use of an incipient ferroelectric, SrTiO3, as a defect material inserted into a periodic structure of alternating layers of quartz and high-permittivity ceramic, thermal tuning of a single defect mode over the entire lowest forbidden band was obtained. The tunability of this compact structure reached 60%.
Crystal structure of (π-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>Co)<sub>2</sub>(NBu<sup>t</sup>)<sub>2</sub>CO (1967)

Y. Matsu-ura, N. Yasuoka, T. Ueki, N. Kasai, M. Kakudo, T. Yoshida and S. Otsuka, Chem. Commun. (London), 1967, 1122 DOI: 10.1039/C19670001122
A novel, high gradient, laser modulated, pulsed electron gun (1998)

This paper describes a high current, fast pulsed, laser excited, electron gun to operate at energies between 1 and 5 MeV. The authors present the design of the high voltage pulse generator, and the laser system, the experimental results obtained with copper cathode in fields > 1 GV/m and diode geometry optimized for the highest brightness using computer simulations. This electron source will generate an electron beam of brightness approaching 10{sup 16} A/m{sup 2} rad{sup 2}, which is 2 orders of magnitude greater than the present level of 10{sup 14} A/m{sup 2} rad{sup 2}, a parameter highly sought after for future linear colliders and short wavelength FELs. It will also be used to study properties of materials in the presence of high fields such as dark current emission and high voltage breakdown characteristics that will provide information critical to the development of high frequency accelerating structures. In addition, Bremsstrahlung radiation from these ultra short relativistic electrons, is expected to be an efficient source of x-ray photons for imaging transient effects in biological samples, microlithography and micromachining. These excellent beam qualities will be augmented for the first time by the simplicity and compactness of the device resulting in an efficient, affordable product with superior performance and unique capabilities.
Argon Triple-Point Apparatus for SPRT Calibration (2003)

The argon triple point is a required reference point for calibration of standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs) on the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS‐90) for use in all four subranges extending below the triple point of mercury. Availability of affordable, commercially produced apparatus to realize the triple point of argon has been very limited. A portable apparatus, integrated with an interactive microprocessor control, liquid‐nitrogen cooling and a sealed argon cell containing approximately 1.8 mol of high purity argon is described. Operating procedures for use of the apparatus, developed with input from personnel at the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), are presented. Following these procedures, measurements of multiple plateaus realized by the apparatus (made using the NIST argon reference SPRT and measurement system) show agreement with the NIST apparatus realization within ±0.1 mK.
Area efficient parallel decoder architecture for long BCH codes (2004)

Long BCH codes achieve additional coding gain of around 0.6 dB compared to Reed-Solomon codes with similar code rate used for long-haul optical communication systems. For our considered parallel decoder architecture, a novel group matching scheme is proposed to reduce the overall hardware complexity of both Chien search and syndrome generator units by 46% for BCH(2047, 1926, 23) code as opposed to only 22% if directly applying the iterative matching algorithm. The proposed scheme exploits the substructure sharing within a finite field multiplier (FFM) and among groups of FFMs.
Saturated- and Unsaturated-Azamacrocyclic Complexes $(M = Co^{3+}, Fe^{3+}$ or $Mn^{3+})$ Catalyzed Oxidation of Hindered Phenols by Molecular Oxygen under Sodium Borohydride (1993)

were able to activate an molecular oxygen under sodium borohydride. 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol reacted with activated molecular oxygen to give 2,4-tert-butyl-1,6-benzoquinone(BQ) and 3,5,3',5'-tetra-tert-butyldiphenoquinone(DPQ). The saturated tetraazamacrocyclic complexes, , were more an effective catalyst than the unsaturated complexes in the formation of BQ and DPQ. The mole ratio of vs. catalyst for and was 1/1, while it was 1/2 for . The results suggested that Co(III)-macrocyclic complexes activated molecular oxygen as superoxolike and activated that as peroxolike .
In Situ Hybridization Analysis of Human Papillomavirus in Orofacial Lesions Using a Consensus Biotinylated Probe (1993)

The effectiveness of the Viratype Omniprobe in situ human papillomavirus tissue hybridization kit (Digene Diagnostics) was evaluated for the detection of HPV DNA in common orofacial lesions. Seventy mucocutaneous lesions were hybridized with a biotinylated Omniprobe that was specific for HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, and 56. Eighteen (25.7%) of the specimens analyzed had intranuclear positive signals for HPV. Probing with HPV 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33/35 to delimit the HPV genotype yielded HPV DNA 6/11 in 16 (88.9%) of the Omniprobe-positive specimens. Only squamous papilloma and condyloma acuminatum were found to harbor HPV DNA. Sites most frequently infected were the labial and buccal mucosa (21.7%) and the floor of the mouth (17.4%). These results suggest that hybridization with the Omniprobe provides appropriate sensitivity and specificity for detecting HPV in some benign proliferations of the oral cavity. However, the detection of HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma, lichen planus, and keratoacanthoma remains problematic until more sensitive and specific molecular techniques are used.
Optimal Microwave Source Distribution For Heating Off-center Tumors In Biological Spheres (2005)

A spherical surface distribution of electric dipoles can be used to represent a multi-element microwave applicator for heating an off-center target point within a sphere of muscle tissue for hyperthermia treatment of cancer. The location of the tumor target hot spot is constrained along the vertical axis and the basic design parameters are the polar varying amplitude and phase of the surface sources. This study suggests that these design parameters can be specified from the modal field oscillations which illuminate the sphere, and it presents the optimum power pattern which safely and efficiently delivers maximum power at this deep target point, without overheating healthy tissue.
Pharmacokinetics of Upadacitinib in Healthy Subjects and Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, or Atopic Dermatitis: Population Analyses of Phase 1 and 2 Clinical Trials (2019)

Upadacitinib (ABT-494) is a selective Janus kinase (JAK)1 inhibitor being developed for treatment of several inflammatory disorders. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed for upadacitinib using 11,658 plasma concentrations from 1145 subjects from 4 phase 1 and 5 phase 2 studies in healthy subjects and subjects with rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or atopic dermatitis. A 2-compartment model with first-order absorption and lag time for the immediate-release formulation and mixed zero- and first-order absorption with lag time for the extended-release formulation, and linear elimination adequately described upadacitinib plasma concentration-time profiles. The oral bioavailability of upadacitinib extended-release formulation was estimated to be approximately 80% relative to the immediate-release formulation. Covariates included in the final model were creatinine clearance, subject population (healthy subjects vs subjects with atopic dermatitis, ulcerative colitis, or Crohn's disease vs subjects with rheumatoid arthritis) and sex on apparent oral clearance and sex and body weight on apparent volume of distribution of the central compartment. Female subjects had 21% higher upadacitinib steady-state area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) compared to male subjects. Compared to healthy subjects, subjects with atopic dermatitis, ulcerative colitis, or Crohn's disease had 21% higher upadacitinib steady-state AUC, while subjects with rheumatoid arthritis had 35% higher steady-state AUC. Subjects with mild or moderate renal impairment were estimated to have 10% or 22% higher AUC, respectively, compared to subjects with normal renal function. Based on final model parameter estimates, effects of the tested covariates are not expected to result in clinically relevant changes in upadacitinib steady-state exposures.
Laboratory tests of the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the flag as a body with low stiffness (2009)

The shape and drag of bodies with small stiffness may change during the airflow. This problem refers to such bodies as flags, bands, banners, flapping sails as well as blades and cables which vibrate due to the flow. Laboratory tests carried out to point out the aerodynamic drag coefficient of a flag are discussed in this article. The laboratory tests were carried out in an aerodynamic tunnel at different airflow velocities for flags with different dimensions made of fabrics of different roughness and stiffness. The drag coefficient value decreases with the increasing airflow velocity. The drag coefficient is higher for materials with higher roughness. The drag coefficient value is also influenced by the fabric stiffness and kind of edge. Great engineering importance to the stability of a structure (e.g. a flag mast) and the safety of nearby persons and buildings are attached to the analysed problem.
Analysis of Inter Wi-Fi Access PointsSeamless Mobility (2010)

Wi-Fi (WLAN/IEEE 802.11) has become one of the most popular user access technologies for its high bandwidth and low cost. Wi-Fi provides ubiquitous networks to nomadic users any time and any location. Nowadays, Wi-Fi has been deployed in most of the shopping malls, railway stations, airports, public libraries, cafeterias, hotels and many other public places. It is also widely deployed at homes thanks to DSL modem that include Wi-Fi. These resources can be reutilized by customers who are visiting such places. They can have the Internet services while on the move. As the Wi-Fi technology has very limited coverage, therefore a fast and smooth handover is very important for seamless session mobility of delay sensitive applications like VoIP (Voice over IP), online gaming, conferencing and real time video streaming. In this article, we present our results computed from data which was collected at different sites in Paris city. The objective is to assess if a mobile service could be offered based on the existing coverage. We then focus on computing the average number of APs (Access Points) in each dataset, measure the signal strength of APs, number of candidate APs, channel utilization, status of APs deployed by operators and observe the possibilities for a fast and seamless handover. Finally based on our analysis, observations and results, we will investigate that fast handover and seamless mobility in such environments is possible or not.
Simultaneous in vivo imaging of melanin and lipofuscin in the retina with multimodal photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy (2012)

We combined photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy (PAOM) with autofluorescence imaging for simultaneous in vivo imaging of dual molecular contrasts in the retina using a single light source. The dual molecular contrasts come from melanin and lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Melanin and lipofuscin are two types of pigments and are believed to play opposite roles (protective vs. exacerbate) in the RPE in the aging process. We successfully imaged the retina of pigmented and albino rats at different ages. The experimental results showed that multimodal PAOM system can be a potentially powerful tool in the study of age-related degenerative retinal diseases.
Female pattern alopecia: current perspectives (2013)

Hair loss is a commonly encountered problem in clinical practice, with men presenting with a distinctive pattern involving hairline recession and vertex balding (Norwood-Hamilton classification) and women exhibiting diffuse hair thinning over the crown (increased part width) and sparing of the frontal hairline (Ludwig classification). Female pattern hair loss has a strikingly overwhelming psychological effect; thus, successful treatments are necessary. Difficulty lies in successful treatment interventions, as only two medications - minoxidil and finasteride - are approved for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia, and these medications offer mediocre results, lack of a permanent cure, and potential complications. Hair transplantation is the only current successful permanent option, and it requires surgical procedures. Several other medical options, such as antiandrogens (eg, spironolactone, oral contraceptives, cyproterone, flutamide, dutasteride), prostaglandin analogs (eg, bimatoprost, latanoprost), and ketoconazole are reported to be beneficial. Laser and light therapies have also become popular despite the lack of a profound benefit. Management of expectations is crucial, and the aim of therapy, given the current therapeutic options, is to slow or stop disease progression with contentment despite patient expectations of permanent hair regrowth. This article reviews current perspectives on therapeutic options for female pattern hair loss.
<sup>1</sup>H‐NMR studies and secondary structure of the RGD‐containing snake toxin, albolabrin (1993)

Albolabrin is a naturally occurring peptide from snake venom containing the sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). It inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the binding of fibrinogen to the glycoprotein Gp IIb-IIIa, on the surface of activated platelets. Albolabrin consists of 73 residues with six intramolecular disulphide bonds. The 1H-NMR spectrum of albolabrin has been assigned using homonuclear two-dimensional techniques and its secondary structure determined. Like kistrin and echistatin, two related peptides from snake venom, albolabrin appears to have little regular secondary structure in solution. Several bends and two short distorted beta sheets are observed. The RGD sequence, important for binding to the receptor, lies in a mobile loop joining two strands of one of these beta sheets. This loop undergoes a pH-dependent conformational change.
Increasing FTTH reliability between premise and indoor lines (2005)

An analysis of faults subsequent to service starting on premises and indoor FTTH lines, with countermeasures which were implemented. As a result, the reliability of FTTH is getting nearly the same as for metal lines.
Applications of amorphous magnetic-layers in surface-acoustic-wave devices (1979)

This paper reviews the theory and potential applications of magnetically variable delay lines and oscillators which employ a magnetostrictive film on a piezoelectric surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) substrate. Cases analyzed in detail indicate that the delay change arises mainly from a rotation of the magnetic moment from the films' easy axes toward the applied field direction; thus the interaction is essentially nondispersive. Use of amorphous metallic-glass overlays is particularly attractive because their high magnetostriction and low magnetic anisotropy makes a relatively large delay variation possible with a small change in bias field. Since the SAW velocity can be changed only by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\sim .1</tex> % or less with present film technology, applications are restricted to those where only a small frequency or delay adjustment is required. Two prototype examples are considered in detail--a variable delay line for steering an adaptive array antenna and a tunable resonator oscillator capable of tracking high speed Doppler targets. In both of these examples, the magnetic film/SAW substrate geometry is seen to be an attractive alternative to competitive approaches.
Calcium-Induced Activation of a Mutant G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Causes In Vitro Transformation of NIH/3T3 Cells (1999)

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is widely expressed, has tissue-specific functions, and regulates cell growth. Activating mutations of this receptor cause autosomal dominant hypocalcemia, a syndrome characterized by hypocalcemia and hypercalciuria. The identification of a family with an activating mutation of the CaR (Thr151Met) in which hypocalcemia cosegregates with several unusual neoplasms led us to examine the transforming effects of this mutant receptor. Transfection of NIH/3T3 cells with the mutant but not the normal receptor supported colony formation in soft agar at subphysiologic calcium concentrations. The mutant CaR causes a calcium-dependent activation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1/2 and Jun-N-terminal kinase/stress-activated (JNK/ SAPK) pathways, but not P38 MAP kinase. These findings contribute to a growing body of information suggesting that this receptor plays a role in the regulation of cellular proliferation, and that aberrant activation of the mutant receptor in this family may play a role in the unusual neoplastic manifestations.
Facial expression of a robot using a curved surface display (2005)

This paper proposes a method of robotic facial expressions using a curved surface display. A robot's face image is displayed on the curved surface screen. By using this method we can make a facial expression easily compared with other methods of mechanical facial expression. Also there is a three-dimensional effect caused by the curved surface, which is not in a plane image. We develop a face robot with a curved surface display, which is composed of a dome screen, a fish-eye lens and a projector. Also the face robot has a neck mechanism to move the head. This paper describes a composition of a dome display, a compensation of distorted image, a drawing method of shadow images with detecting a direction of a light source. The animation of facial expression and the motion using the neck mechanism are performed, and the effectiveness of the system is examined.