gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of Gi alpha 2 attenuates inhibitory adenylyl cyclase in neuroblastoma/glioma hybrid (NG-108-15) cells. (1994)

Cross-regulation from the stimulatory phospholipase C to the adenylyl cyclase pathways was explored in neuroblastoma-glioma NG-108-15 cells in culture. Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol myristic acid resulted in a markedly attenuated activation of the inhibitory adenylyl cyclase response to delta-opiate agonists and epinephrine but not to the muscarinic agonist carbachol. The ability of okadaic acid to mimic the effects of phorbol myristic acid on the inhibitory response suggested a role for protein phosphorylation. Adenylyl cyclase activity from cells in which protein kinase C had been activated demonstrated a loss in the inhibitory adenylyl cyclase response at the level of the G-protein. Activation of protein kinase C prompted a 2-4-fold increase in phosphorylation of G1 alpha 2 in cells metabolically labeled with [32P]orthophosphate. The phosphate content of Gi alpha 2 was determined to be approximately 0.5 mol/mol subunit in the unstimulated cells and approximately 1.5 mol/mol subunit for cells in which protein kinase C was activated. The effects of okadaic acid, 4-alpha-phorbol, and calphostin C on inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in cells treated with phorbol myristic acid correlate with the effects of these agents on phosphorylation of Gi alpha 2. The time courses for attenuation of inhibitory adenylyl cyclase and that for phosphorylation of Gi alpha 2 were similar in cells challenged with phorbol myristic acid. These data argue for cross-regulation from the stimulatory protein kinase C to inhibitory adenylyl cyclase pathways at the level of Gi alpha 2 via protein phosphorylation.
<title>Semi-integrated SOG/TEOS etchback process for multimetal submicron devices</title> (1993)

A semi-integrated SOG/TEOS planarization process for intermetal dielectric (ILD) has been developed in the CVD cluster system Precision 5000 (Applied Materials). The process consists of SOG etch back performed in one chamber immediately followed by plasma TEOS deposition in another chamber of the system, to reduce particle contamination and moisture adsorption in the SOG film. The main goal of the work was to develop an etchback process with very low SOG/TEOS selectivity (i.e., 0.7:1) and good etch uniformity, suitable for VLSI planarization requirements. The results of the parametric process characterization performed with the CHF<SUB>3</SUB>/CF<SUB>4</SUB>/Ar chemistry and the very satisfactory defectivity levels obtained for interconnections and intermetal oxide, for contacts leakage and capacitor breakdown are reported. Special emphasis has been devoted to the study of the oxide interface after the etchback to correlate the probable surface modification to the `peeling' effect evidenced on the TEOS film. The advantages of using Ar sputter to solve the adhesion problem are then discussed.
Multiple suppression based on the migration operator and a hyperbolic median filter (2003)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003Multiple suppression based on the migration operator and a hyperbolic median filterAuthors: Rongfeng ZhangTadeusz J. UlrychRongfeng ZhangUniversity of British Columbia, Canada and Tadeusz J. UlrychUniversity of British Columbia, Canadahttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817705 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817705FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByMultiple suppression based on polynomial fittingZou Zhen, Ling Yun, Wang Yong Jun, and Gao Jun25 October 2012Simultaneous sources separation via multidirectional vector-median filteringShoudong Huo, Yi Luo, and Panos G. Kelamis14 June 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 77, No. 4Simultaneous sources separation via multi‐directional vector‐median filterShoudong Huo, Yi Luo, and Panos Kelamis14 October 2009A 1D time-varying median filter for seismic random, spike-like noise eliminationGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 74, No. 1A 2D multistage median filter to reduce random seismic noiseGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 71, No. 5 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2003 Pages: 2452 publication data© 2003 Copyright © 2003 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Rongfeng Zhang and Tadeusz J. Ulrych, (2003), "Multiple suppression based on the migration operator and a hyperbolic median filter," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1949-1952. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1817705 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Localized algorithms for detection of critical nodes and links for connectivity in ad hoc networks (2004)

Abstract- Ad hoc network normally has critical connectivity properties before partitioning. The timely recognition is important in order to perform some data or service replication. Several existing centralized or globalized algorithms declare an edge or a node as critical if their removal will separate the network into several components. We introduce several localized definitions of critical nodes and critical links, using topological or positional information. A node is critical if the subgraph of k-hop neighbours of node (without the node itself) is disconnected. We propose three definitions of critical links, based on verifying common k-hop neighbours, loop length, and critical status of link endpoints, respectively. The experiments with random unit graph model of ad hoc networks show high correspondence of local and global decisions. For instance, in experiments with 500 nodes in connected random unit graphs (using a novel graph generation method from [6], first published here), over half of locally estimated critical nodes and links were indeed globally critical even for k=1 (the accuracy increases to over 70 % for k=2 and over 80% for k=3), for average number of neighbours ranging from 3 to 15. The errors mostly occur when alternative routes exist but are relatively long, and therefore may not provide satisfactory service in applications. Therefore our localized protocols provide faster and often more reliable partition warnings for possible timely replication decisions. I.
Mice lacking renal chloride channel, CLC-5, are a model for Dent's disease, a nephrolithiasis disorder associated with defective receptor-mediated endocytosis (2000)

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) affects 5-10% of adults and is most commonly associated with hypercalciuria, which may be due to monogenic renal tubular disorders. One such hypercalciuric disorder is Dent's disease, which is characterized by renal proximal tubular defects that include low molecular weight proteinuria, aminoaciduria and glycosuria, together with rickets in some patients. Dent's disease is due to inactivating mutations of the renal-specific voltage-gated chloride channel, CLC-5, which is expressed in the proximal tubule, thick ascending limb and collecting duct. The subcellular localization of CLC-5 to the proximal tubular endosomes has suggested a role in endocytosis, and to facilitate in vivo investigations of CLC-5 in Dent's disease we generated mice lacking CLC-5 by targeted gene disruption. CLC-5-deficient mice developed renal tubular defects which included low molecular weight (<70 kDa) proteinuria, generalized aminoaciduria that was more pronounced for neutral and polar amino acids, and glycosuria. They also developed hypercalciuria and renal calcium deposits and some had deformities of the spine. Furthermore, endocytosis as assessed by horseradish peroxidase uptake in the proximal tubule was severely impaired in CLC-5-deficient mice, thereby demonstrating a role for CLC-5 in endosomal uptake of low molecular weight proteins. Thus, CLC-5-deficient mice provide a model for Dent's disease and this will help in elucidating the function of this chloride channel in endocytosis and renal calcium homeostasis.
A method for magnetizing curve identification in vector controlled induction motor drives (2006)

In vector controlled induction motor drives, to optimally select the stator or rotor flux reference, in field weakening region, it is necessary to take into consideration also the machine magnetizing curve. The paper proposes a methodology for the identification of the magnetizing curve that can be applied at standstill. The approach consists on applying to the stator windings a suitable mono-phase current waveform and memorizing the stator voltage. A subsequent elaboration of the two waveforms allows the determination of the shape of the magnetizing inductance
Optimization of mechanically beam-steerable lens antenna profile for 60GHz wireless communications (2009)

A new mechanical beam-steering lens profile was presented. The designed solution shows adequate performance for the 60 GHz Wireless HD band. The fabricated lens has reduced size with 3 times 3 times 3 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and weights just 8 g. The fabricated lens assembly demonstrated -50deg to +50deg elevation scan capability over full azimuth, with 1.1 dB gain scan loss. Furthermore, the lens ensures considerable low cross polarization level for all tilt angles and the radiation efficiency is above 95%. The proposed concept is appropriate for low cost mass production, requiring no rotary joint while the lens can be molded. The described lens optimization procedure can be used for other lens materials and with other design goal like higher gain. A patent is pending .
Building Data Storage Systems And Data Networks To Support Digital Microscopy (1995)

Abstract As laboratories like the Materials Analysis User Center (MAUC) in the High Temperature Materials Laboratory, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory move from analog to digital imaging systems, the process for acquiring, processing, analyzing, and publishing research results is changing. In this case since original scientific data exist only in digital form, analog systems for gathering, staring, and transmitting data are being set aside in favor of digital systems. In order to adequately protect original scientific data and to ensure that digital laboratories have the same (or greater) functionality as analog laboratories, scientists must focus on building information systems that make data highly available, highly reliable, and quickly accessible. Meeting these three objectives imposes special requirements for both data storage systems and data networks.
RANSAC based three points algorithm for ellipse fitting of spherical object's projection (2015)

As the spherical object can be seen everywhere, we should extract the ellipse image accurately and fit it by implicit algebraic curve in order to finish the 3D reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a new ellipse fitting algorithm which only needs three points to fit the projection of spherical object and is different from the traditional algorithms that need at least five point. The fitting procedure is just similar as the estimation of Fundamental Matrix estimation by seven points, and the RANSAC algorithm has also been used to exclude the interference of noise and scattered points.
A facile protocol for the immobilisation of vesicles, virus particles, bacteria, and yeast cells (2012)

Immobilisation of liposomes and cells is often a prerequisite for long-term observations. The most common immobilisation approaches rely on surface modifications, encapsulation in porous materials or trapping in microfluidic channels by means of hurdle-like structures. While these approaches are useful for larger mammalian cells, the immobilisation of smaller organisms like bacteria and yeast or membrane model systems such as liposomes typically requires modification of their outer membrane to ensure that they are stably arrested at a defined position. Here, we present a protocol to immobilise biological objects, which can interact with hydrophobic cholesterol. A water-soluble molecule (cholesterol-PEG-biotin) is used as a linker, which can bind via avidin to biotinylated BSA (bBSA) previously absorbed on a glass surface. For better visualization, bBSA is arranged in a dot pattern by means of microcontact printing, and a microfluidic channel is used for sample supply. We show that our approach can be used to successfully immobilise artificial liposomes of different sizes, native (cell-derived) vesicles, vaccinia virions, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli, simply by flushing the objects through the channel. Under these conditions, small liposomes and biological objects are stably arrested at high flow rates, while larger cells and liposomes can be released again by application of high shear stress. This protocol can be applied for long-term studies where fluids must be changed repeatedly, for measuring fast kinetics where rapid fluid exchange is essential, and to study the effects of shear stress.
Betaine improves nonalcoholic fatty liver and associated hepatic insulin resistance: a potential mechanism for hepatoprotection by betaine (2010)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a common liver disease, associated with insulin resistance. Betaine has been tested as a treatment for NAFL in animal models and in small clinical trials, with mixed results. The present study aims to determine whether betaine treatment would prevent or treat NAFL in mice and to understand how betaine reverses hepatic insulin resistance. Male mice were fed a moderate high-fat diet (mHF) containing 20% of calories from fat for 7 (mHF) or 8 (mHF8) mo without betaine, with betaine (mHFB), or with betaine for the last 6 wk (mHF8B). Control mice were fed standard chow containing 9% of calories from fat for 7 mo (SF) or 8 mo (SF8). HepG2 cells were made insulin resistant and then studied with or without betaine. mHF mice had higher body weight, fasting glucose, insulin, and triglycerides and greater hepatic fat than SF mice. Betaine reduced fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and hepatic fat. In the mHF8B group, betaine treatment significantly improved insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Hepatic betaine content significantly decreased in mHF and increased significantly in mHFB. Betaine treatment reversed the inhibition of hepatic insulin signaling in mHF and in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, including normalization of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) phosphorylation and of downstream signaling pathways for gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis. Betaine treatment prevents and treats fatty liver in a moderate high-dietary-fat model of NAFL in mice. Betaine also reverses hepatic insulin resistance in part by increasing the activation of IRS1, with resultant improvement in downstream signaling pathways.
The Caenorhabditis elegans rol-6 gene, which interacts with the sqt-1 collagen gene to determine organismal morphology, encodes a collagen. (1990)

The rol-6 gene is one of the more than 40 loci in Caenorhabditis elegans that primarily affect organismal morphology. Certain mutations in the rol-6 gene produce animals that have the right roller phenotype, i.e., they are twisted into a right-handed helix. The rol-6 gene interacts with another gene that affects morphology, sqt-1; a left roller allele of sqt-1 acts as a dominant suppressor of a right roller allele of rol-6. The sqt-1 gene has previously been shown to encode a collagen. We isolated and sequenced the rol-6 gene and found that it also encodes a collagen. The rol-6 gene was identified by physical mapping of overlapping chromosomal deficiencies that cover the gene and by identification of an allele-specific restriction site alteration. The amino acid sequence of the collagen encoded by rol-6 is more similar to that of the sqt-1 collagen than to any of the other ten C. elegans cuticle collagen sequences compared. The locations of cysteine residues flanking the Gly-X-Y repeat regions of rol-6 and sqt-1 are identical, but differ from those in the other collagens. The sequence similarities between rol-6 and sqt-1 indicate that they represent a new collagen subfamily in C. elegans. These findings suggest that these two collagens physically interact, possibly explaining the genetic interaction seen between the rol-6 and sqt-1 genes.
Competing communities of users and developers of computer software: competition between open source software and commercial software (2000)

The open source movement is a group of volunteer programmers that has recently caused quite a stir in the software market. The volunteers of this group develop computer operating systems, programming languages, and other software. They work together in teams that communicate via the Internet. Their goal is to develop useful software that is available for free and that users can change at will. To enable users to change and improve the software, they distribute their software not only in compiled form (that a computer needs to actually run the software), but also in its source code (the lines of code that programmers write). This cooperation breaks through the usual barriers that separate corporate suppliers from their buyers. This may represent the first example where the Internet enables cooperation on a scale that changes market dynamics. This paper studies the interaction between the network dynamics of the open source movement and the dynamics of a commercial software supplier. It makes our first step in identifying conditions that support a successful development of open source software. We focus on one particular set of projects within the open source movement, namely the Linux computer operating system.
On nonblocking multicast three-stage Clos networks (2000)

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for strictly nonblocking three-stage Clos (1953) networks with two types of multicast traffic. Then, we extend the results to other models where the routing is under certain restrictions. Finally, we compare our results with existing literature to mark the differences and similarities.
A New Approach to the Synthesis of Racemic Analogues of 1,5‐Dimethyl‐branched Insect Pheromones from 4‐Methyltetrahydropyran. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Degradation of Gluten in Wheat Bran and Bread Drink by Means of a Proline-Specific Peptidase (2014)

Gluten-free wheat bran and bread drink were produced by degrading gluten with Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase (AN-PEP). For this purpose, bran from native and germinated wheat grains as well as bread drink were mixed with AN-PEP and incubated at 50°C under different conditions. The amount of enzyme activity (1.2 • 10-4 - 8.7 • 10-1 U), the incubation time (0-72 h), and the pH value (1.0-9.0) were systematically altered. The gluten content was monitored by a competitive ELISA using the R5 antibody. Gluten in two wheat bran samples produced in the laboratory was degraded below the threshold for gluten-free foods of 20 mg/kg. This was not possible in a commercial wheat bran sample that had potentially been heat-treated leading to strong crosslinking of gluten by incorporation of gliadins into the glutenin fraction, possible formation of isopeptide crosslinks and, thus, poor digestibility. In contrast, gluten in bread drink was easily degraded after a short incubation time of 30 min and low AN-PEP activity. No significant differences of the quality parameters between treated and untreated products were found. Remarkably, bran from germinated grains was strongly enriched in nutritionally positive compounds such as dietary fiber and folates compared to native grains. Thus, wheat bran from germinated grains rendered gluten-free by treatment with AN-PEP can contribute to increasing the nutritional value of the gluten-free diet.
Extraction and Visualization of Trend Information from Newspaper Articles and Blogs (2007)

Trend information is a summarization of temporal statistical data, such as changes in product prices and sales. We propose a method for extracting trend information from multiple newspaper articles and blogs, and visualizing the information as graphs. As target texts for extraction of trend information, the MuST (Multimodal Summarization for Trend Information) workshop focuses on newspaper articles. In addition to newspapers, we focus on blogs, because useful information for analysing trend information is often written in blogs, such as the reasons for increases/decreases of statistics and the impact of increases/decreases of statistics on society. To extract trend information, we extract temporal expressions and statistical values, and we devised methods for both operations. To investigate the effectiveness of our methods, we conducted some experiments. We obtained a recall of 6.3 % and precision of 31.3 % for newspaper articles, and a recall of 44.8 % and precision of 60.3 % for blogs. From the error analysis, we found that most errors in newspaper articles were caused by misconversion of temporal expressions such as “�� ” (the same year) or “�� ” (the previous month), into “YYYY-MM-DD ” form, although temporal expressions were detected correctly. In contrast to newspaper articles, there are few temporal expressions in blogs for which resolution is required, such as “�� ” (the same day) or “�� ” (the previous month). As a result, recall and precision for blogs are higher than those for newspaper articles.
A constitutively active dioxin/aryl hydrocarbon receptor induces stomach tumors (2002)

The dioxin/aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor regulating transcription of a battery of genes encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Known receptor ligands are environmental pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated dioxins. Loss-of-function (gene-disruption) studies in mice have demonstrated that the AhR is involved in toxic effects of dioxins but have not yielded unequivocal results concerning the physiological function of the receptor. Gain-of-function studies therefore were performed to unravel the biological functions of the AhR. A constitutively active AhR expressed in transgenic mice reduced the life span of the mice and induced tumors in the glandular part of the stomach, demonstrating the oncogenic potential of the AhR and implicating the receptor in regulation of cell proliferation.
Combining an Autologous Peripheral Nervous System “Bridge” and Matrix Modification by Chondroitinase Allows Robust, Functional Regeneration beyond a Hemisection Lesion of the Adult Rat Spinal Cord (2006)

Chondroitinase-ABC (ChABC) was applied to a cervical level 5 (C5) dorsal quadrant aspiration cavity of the adult rat spinal cord to degrade the local accumulation of inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. The intent was to enhance the extension of regenerated axons from the distal end of a peripheral nerve (PN) graft back into the C5 spinal cord, having bypassed a hemisection lesion at C3. ChABC-treated rats showed (1) gradual improvement in the range of forelimb swing during locomotion, with some animals progressing to the point of raising their forelimb above the nose, (2) an enhanced ability to use the forelimb in a cylinder test, and (3) improvements in balance and weight bearing on a horizontal rope. Transection of the PN graft, which cuts through regenerated axons, greatly diminished these functional improvements. Axonal regrowth from the PN graft correlated well with the behavioral assessments. Thus, many more axons extended for much longer distances into the cord after ChABC treatment and bridge insertion compared with the control groups, in which axons regenerated into the PN graft but growth back into the spinal cord was extremely limited. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that modulation of extracellular matrix components after spinal cord injury promotes significant axonal regeneration beyond the distal end of a PN bridge back into the spinal cord and that regenerating axons can mediate the return of useful function of the affected limb.