gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
C-C chemokine profile of cord blood mononuclear cells: selective defect in RANTES production (2000)

Three C-C chemokines inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry into macrophages: macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and regulated-upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). We studied the ability of placental cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) to secrete these C-C chemokines in comparison to adult blood mononuclear cells (ABMC). CBMC had diminished ability to secrete RANTES, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Secretion of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta were similar in CBMC and ABMC. Whereas MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta secretion were comparable in monocytes and lymphocytes, RANTES was secreted primarily by lymphocytes. Flow cytometric analysis of RANTES expression showed diminished intracellular RANTES expression in cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) compared to adult (peripheral) blood lymphocytes (ABL). A subset analysis of RANTES-producing CBL and ABL demonstrated that RANTES was produced predominantly by CD8+/CD45RO+ cells. CBL had a reduced proportion of CD8+/CD45RO+ cells compared with ABL, which may account for the diminished RANTES secretion by CBMC. These results may be relevant to the pathogenesis of perinatal HIV infection. (Blood. 2000;95:715-718)
Coverage and Capacity Optimization in E-UTRAN Based on Central Coordination and Distributed Gibbs Sampling (2010)

Coverage and capacity optimization is considered as one of the most important optimization items for cellular network. It is beneficial from energy consumption and interference deduction perspective if the downlink base station power can be regulated according to the UEs distribution and service requirements. A cellular base station downlink power regulation scheme is studied where the power regulation scheme makes use of UE (user equipment) measurements and an optimization method Annealed Gibbs Sampling. A central node (or function entity) is involved as for the purpose of performance monitoring and coordinating the optimization process. Simulation with a LTE network configuration shows that while the measurements and optimization computation are distributed across base stations, a network performance can be optimized with this scheme especially for the cell edge users. Further characteristics of this scheme are presented and discussed.
The 1989 earthquake swarm beneath Mammoth Mountain, California: An initial look at the 4 May through 30 September activity (1990)

Abstract Mammoth Mountain is a 50,000- to 200,000-year-old cumulovolcano standing on the southwestern rim of Long Valley in eastern California. On 4 May 1989, two M = 1 earthquakes beneath the south flank of the mountain marked the onset of a swarm that has continued for more than 6 months. In addition to its longevity, noteworthy aspects of this persistent swarm include (1) an exponential-like increase in the rate of activity through the first month; (2) a vertically oriented, planar distribution of hypocenters at depths between 6 and 9 km with a north-northeast strike (roughly perpendicular to the average T-axis orientation for the swarm earthquakes); (3) recurring spasmodic bursts (rapid-fire sequences of similar-sized earthquakes with overlapping coda) and occasional earthquakes with enhanced low-frequency energy; (4) a uniform temporal distribution of the four largest (M ≈ 3) events over the first 4 months of the swarm with a cumulative seismic moment for the entire sequence through 30 September corresponding to a single M ≈ 4 earthquake; (5) a b-value of 1.2; and (6) submicrostrain perturbations on the nearby borehole dilatometer, the first of which led the onset of swarm activity by more than 2 weeks. These aspects of the swarm, together with its location along the southern extension of the youthful Mono-Inyo volcanic chain, which last erupted 500 to 600 years ago, point to a magmatic source for the modest but persistent influx of strain energy into the crust beneath Mammoth Mountain.
TNT — Equivalent (1983)

Abstract For engineering purposes, the effects of blast waves on various target structures can be estimated quite easily with the aid of TNT‐equivalence. On the one hand, many experimental data are available on the blast damage done to structures, and on the other hand, the energy content of any source can be expressed in terms of an equivalent mass of TNT. The parameters involved in the propagation of a blast wave and in its interaction with target structures are discussed at some length in order to point out the inherent inaccuracies as well as the limits of applicability of the TNT‐equivalence method.
Application of Fuzzy Logic for Determining Production Allocation in Commingle Production Wells (2005)

Abstract For oil or gas fields with stratified reservoir layers, detailed production contribution for individual layer is always desired. Unfortunately, in some particular cases, production wells are completed following commingled scheme. This is worsened further if only very few production tests are run for the field. This is the case for the Central Sumatera field with its 95 commingled production wells, among which only a few had undergone production tests and none of them have ever undergone production logging. Problems rise when the occassion came in which detailed production contribution from individual reservoir layer is required for the field's reservoir simulation modeling and production evaluation/prediction. This paper presents an approach to solve the problem. The approach is basically based on the application of soft computing (Fuzzy Logic) to investigate pattern of relationships between production contribution of layers in commingle wells and rock petrophysical data as well as other relevant geological/engineering data. For the purpose, thirteen wells (key wells) that have production tests are assigned, among which three wells are assigned for checking the validity of the recognised pattern. Using the validated most valid pattern, individual layer's production allocation for other wells are determined with well-log analysis data as the major input. Result estimates for the candidate wells are better compared to results produced by the conventional method of productivity index (PI) analogy. The resulted variation in water cut and separate oil and water split factors appear to be more realistic from any point of view.
The chemistry of fungi. Part LXVII. Synthesis of di-O-methylcitromycinone and related pyrano[3,2-c][1]benzopyran-4,5-diones (1973)

S. A. Ali, J. W. Powell and W. B. Whalley, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1973, 173 DOI: 10.1039/P19730000173
MEDIPS: genome-wide differential coverage analysis of sequencing data derived from DNA enrichment experiments (2013)

The latest version of MEDIPS is available as version 1.12.0 and part of Bioconductor 2.13. The package comes with a manual containing detailed description of its functionality and is available at http://www.bioconductor.org.
The Role of MuSK in Synapse Formation and Neuromuscular Disease (2013)

Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) is essential for each step in neuromuscular synapse formation. Before innervation, MuSK initiates postsynaptic differentiation, priming the muscle for synapse formation. Approaching motor axons recognize the primed, or prepatterned, region of muscle, causing motor axons to stop growing and differentiate into specialized nerve terminals. MuSK controls presynaptic differentiation by causing the clustering of Lrp4, which functions as a direct retrograde signal for presynaptic differentiation. Developing synapses are stabilized by neuronal Agrin, which is released by motor nerve terminals and binds to Lrp4, a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family, stimulating further association between Lrp4 and MuSK and increasing MuSK kinase activity. In addition, MuSK phosphorylation is stimulated by an inside-out ligand, docking protein-7 (Dok-7), which is recruited to tyrosine-phosphorylated MuSK and increases MuSK kinase activity. Mutations in MuSK and in genes that function in the MuSK signaling pathway, including Dok-7, cause congenital myasthenia, and autoantibodies to MuSK, Lrp4, and acetylcholine receptors are responsible for myasthenia gravis.
A New Approach to Collaborative Filtering: Operator Estimation with Spectral Regularization (2008)

We present a general approach for collaborative filtering (CF) using spectral regularization to learn linear operators from "users" to the "objects" they rate. Recent low-rank type matrix completion approaches to CF are shown to be special cases. However, unlike existing regularization based CF methods, our approach can be used to also incorporate information such as attributes of the users or the objects -- a limitation of existing regularization based CF methods. We then provide novel representer theorems that we use to develop new estimation methods. We provide learning algorithms based on low-rank decompositions, and test them on a standard CF dataset. The experiments indicate the advantages of generalizing the existing regularization based CF methods to incorporate related information about users and objects. Finally, we show that certain multi-task learning methods can be also seen as special cases of our proposed approach.
SCF <sup>KMD</sup> controls cytokinin signaling by regulating the degradation of type-B response regulators (2013)

Cytokinins are plant hormones that play critical roles in growth and development. In Arabidopsis, the transcriptional response to cytokinin is regulated by action of type-B Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs). Although central elements in the cytokinin signal transduction pathway have been identified, mechanisms controlling output remain to be elucidated. Here we demonstrate that a family of F-box proteins, called the kiss me deadly (KMD) family, targets type-B ARR proteins for degradation. KMD proteins form an S-phase kinase-associated PROTEIN1 (SKP1)/Cullin/F-box protein (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and directly interact with type-B ARR proteins. Loss-of-function KMD mutants stabilize type-B ARRs and exhibit an enhanced cytokinin response. In contrast, plants with elevated KMD expression destabilize type-B ARR proteins leading to cytokinin insensitivity. Our results support a model in which an SCF(KMD) complex negatively regulates cytokinin responses by controlling levels of a key family of transcription factors.
Electron-lattice coupling parameters and oscillator strengths of cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (2000)

Optical absorption of single-crystal, cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate has been carefully measured in the temperature interval 10--300 K. Prominent Gaussian absorption peaks occur at $3.432\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.002\mathrm{eV}$ (peak a), $3.502\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.002\mathrm{eV}$ (peak b), $4.236\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0002\mathrm{eV}$ (peak c), and $4.746\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0002\mathrm{eV}$ (peak d), in excellent agreement with previously reported excitation spectra. The second moments are well described by the usual linear model, yielding the Huang-Rhys parameter (S) and vibrational quantum energies for the individual peaks. All absorption bands are characterized by $S>5$ indicating strong coupling between the ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ ion and lattice. Temperature dependence of the band centroids exhibits contrasting behavior that is dominated by higher-order coupling terms in the linear harmonic oscillator model or by crystal-field effects. Oscillator strengths of the $4\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{f}5d$ transitions are calculated from Smakula's formula and knowledge of the ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ distribution between the two crystallographically inequivalent sites. Values for peaks b, c, and d range from approximately 0.003 to 0.004, and peak a spans magnitude approximately 0.012 to 0.018. From the known correlation between average ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$-ion-ligand distance and oscillator strength, we tentatively conclude that peak a is correlated with the seven-oxygen-coordinated site, and peaks b, c, and d are associated with the six-oxygen-coordinated site. These results support the previously proposed two-activation-center model and identify the centers as the two crystallographically inequivalent substitutional sites.
Comparison between MAP and postprocessed ML for image reconstruction in emission tomography when anatomical knowledge is available (2005)

Previously, the noise characteristics obtained with penalized-likelihood reconstruction [or maximum a posteriori (MAP)] have been compared to those obtained with postsmoothed maximum-likelihood (ML) reconstruction, for emission tomography applications requiring uniform resolution. It was found that penalized-likelihood reconstruction was not superior to postsmoothed ML. In this paper, a similar comparison is made, but now for applications where the noise suppression is tuned with anatomical information. It is assumed that limited but exact anatomical information is available. Two methods were compared. In the first method, the anatomical information is incorporated in the prior of a MAP-algorithm and is, therefore, imposed during MAP-reconstruction. The second method starts from an unconstrained ML-reconstruction, and imposes the anatomical information in a postprocessing step. The theoretical analysis was verified with simulations: small lesions were inserted in two different objects, and noisy PET data were produced and reconstructed with both methods. The resulting images were analyzed with bias-noise curves, and by computing the detection performance of the nonprewhitening observer and a channelized Hotelling observer. Our analysis and simulations indicate that the postprocessing method is inferior, unless the noise correlations between neighboring pixels are taken into account. This can be done by applying a so-called prewhitening filter. However, because the prewhitening filter is shift variant and object dependent, it seems that MAP reconstruction is the more efficient method.
The CAS ONLINE search system. 1. General system design and selection, generation, and use of search screens (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe CAS ONLINE search system. 1. General system design and selection, generation, and use of search screensP. G. Dittmar, N. A. Farmer, W. Fisanick, R. C. Haines, and J. MockusCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1983, 23, 3, 93–102Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00039a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00039a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Spontaneous adhesion of silicone rubber (1982)

Abstract Lightly crosslinked silicone rubber has been found to bond spontaneouly to polar substrates and to itself. The strength of adhesion increases linearly with time, eventually reaching the fracture strength of the rubber. The process is accelerated by raising the temperature (activation energy ⋍ 60 kJ/g. mol), by the presence of moisture, and by ammonia vapor. It is tentatively attributed to hydrolytic decomposition of the polymer leading to the formation of reactive groups which interlink with surface groups, probably hydroxyls, on polar substrates, or with each other in the case of selfadhesion.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of MoS<sub>2</sub>and TiS<sub>2</sub>Films From the Metal−Organic Precursors Mo(S-<i>t</i>-Bu)<sub>4</sub>and Ti(S-<i>t</i>-Bu)<sub>4</sub> (1997)

The deposition of MoS2 and TiS2 thin films from the metal-organic precursors Mo(S-t-Bu)4 and Ti(S-t-Bu)4 has been investigated. Stoichiometric films with low levels of oxygen and carbon contaminants can be grown at temperatures between 110 and 350 °C and low pressure. The films are amorphous when grown at these low temperatures and have granular morphologies in which the grains are 30−90 nm in diameter, the larger grain sizes being observed at higher deposition temperatures. For the MoS2 deposits, the electrical conductivity was ∼1 Ω-1cm-1. For both precursors, the organic byproducts generated during deposition consist principally of isobutylene and tert-butylthiol; smaller amounts of hydrogen sulfide, isobutane, di-tert-butyl sulfide, and di-tert-butyl disulfide are also generated. A β-hydrogen abstraction/proton-transfer mechanism accounts for the distributions of the organic byproducts seen during the deposition of MoS2 and TiS2 films. Our results differ in some respects from those of a previous study of the deposition of thin films from the titanium thiolate precursor.
How many hidden layers and nodes? (2009)

The question of how many hidden layers and how many hidden nodes should there be always comes up in any classification task of remotely sensed data using neural networks. Until today there has been no exact solution. A method of shedding some light to this question is presented in this paper. A near‐optimal solution is discovered after searching with a genetic algorithm. A novel fitness function is introduced that concurrently seeks for the most accurate and compact solution. The proposed method is thoroughly compared to many other methods currently in use, including several heuristics and pruning algorithms. The results are encouraging, indicating that it is time to shift our focus from suboptimal practices to efficient search methods, to tune the parameters of neural networks.
Cellular immune responses to the murine nematode parasite Trichuris muris. I. Differential cytokine production during acute or chronic infection. (1991)

A variety of T-cell parameters have been analysed in two H-2 compatible strains of mice, B10.BR and BALB/K, which differ in an absolute fashion in their ability to resist infection with the parasitic nematode Trichuris muris: BALB/K mice expel T. muris relatively rapidly, whereas B10.BR mice are unable to expel the parasite before the infection reaches patency. Analysis of Th1- and Th2-specific cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-5, respectively) produced by in vitro Con A-stimulated mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) from infected and normal mice demonstrated that MLNC from resistant BALB/K mice produced high levels of IL-5 and low levels of IFN-gamma whilst B10.BR MLNC secreted large amounts of IFN-gamma in the relative absence of IL-5. As an in vivo correlate of in vitro IL-5 production, peripheral and tissue eosinophilia were quantified during the course of infection in the two strains of mice. No peripheral eosinophilia was observed in BALB/K or B10.BR individuals. However, a considerable intestinal eosinophilia was seen in the high IL-5-producing BALB/K mice compared to normal levels. Differences observed in cytokine profiles were not due to differential changes in the numbers of T cells within the MLN. Indeed, FACS analysis revealed a decrease in the relative percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in both strains of mice post-infection. Our results suggest that resistance to T. muris involves the preferential induction of Th cells which secrete IL-5, whilst cells of a different Th subset (IFN-gamma producing) predominate in chronically infected mice. As such, this represents the first description of a correlation between the reciprocal activation of Th cell subsets in relation to acute or chronic intestinal infection with the same parasite in the same host species.
Crystal engineering with urea and thiourea hydrogen-bonding groups (2007)

The utilization of N,N'-disubstituted ureas and thioureas as design elements in the synthesis of crystalline organic solids is reviewed. These hydrogen-bonding units are versatile yet predictable building blocks that can be rationally employed in both crystal assembly and functionalization.
Common Dietary Supplements for Cognitive Health (2012)

Advancing age is a major risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. Currently, there are no effective preventive strategies for cognitive decline. Since physicians have no drug therapies to offer, patients and families may turn to complementary and alternative medicine to preserve cognition. Dietary supplements are one of the most common forms of complementary and alternative medicine that patients use and although limited, evidence for their potential interactions with other treatments has been documented. Considering the insufficient evidence for their efficacy, potential for interaction with other therapies and costs to patients, physicians should be aware of the use of dietary supplements among their patients so that they can advise their patients on the potential benefits and harms.
Intrusion Detection with SNORT (Bruce Perens' Open Source Series): Advanced IDS Techniques Using Snort, Apache, MySQL, PHP, and ACID (2003)

From the Publisher:
Protect your network with Snort: the high-performance, open source IDS 
Snort gives network administrators an open source intrusion detection system that outperforms proprietary alternatives. Now, Rafeeq Ur Rehman explains and simplifies every aspect of deploying and managing Snort in your network. You'll discover how to monitor all your network traffic in real time; update Snort to reflect new security threats; automate and analyze Snort alerts; and more. Best of all, Rehman's custom scripts integrate Snort with Apache, MySQL, PHP, and ACID-so you can build and optimize a complete IDS solution more quickly than ever before. 
An expert introduction to intrusion detection and the role of Snort
Writing and updating Snort rules to reflect the latest attacks and exploits
Contains detailed coverage of Snort plug-ins, preprocessors, and output modules
Logging alerts to a MySQL database
Using ACID to search, process, and analyze security alerts
Using SnortSnarf to analyze Snort log files
XML support for Snort via the Simple Network Markup Language (SNML)

FTP Site
The accompanying ftp site contains all the software, scripts, and rules you need to get started with Snort. About the Open Source Series
Bruce Perens' Open Source Series is a definitive series of Linux and Open Source books by the world's leading Linux software developers. Bruce Perens is the primary author of The Open Source Definition, the formative document of the open source movement, and the former Debian GNU/Linux Project Leader. The text of this book is Open Source licensed
Pipelined hash-join on multithreaded architectures (2007)

Multi-core and multithreaded processors present both opportunities and challenges in the design of database query processing algorithms. Previous work has shown the potential for performance gains, but also that, in adverse circumstances, multithreading can actually reduce performance. This paper examines the performance of a pipeline of hash-join operations when executing on multithreaded and multicore processors. We examine the optimal number of threads to execute and the partitioning of the workload across those threads. We then describe a buffer-management scheme that minimizes cache conflicts among the threads. Additionally we compare the performance of full materialization of the output at each stage in the pipeline versus passing pointers between stages.