gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PLAB induction in fenretinide-induced apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells occurs via a ROS-dependent mechanism involving ER stress and JNK activation (2009)

Fenretinide [N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide (4HPR)] is a synthetic retinoid with antitumor activity that induces apoptosis in various types of cancer cell. We showed previously that 4HPR upregulates the proapoptotic gene placental bone morphogenetic protein (PLAB), which is a mediator of 4HPR-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Here, we investigated the signaling cascade involving PLAB that mediates the apoptotic effect. In 4HPR-sensitive ovarian cancer cells, 4HPR-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in PLAB upregulation and apoptosis, both events abrogated by the antioxidants vitamin C and butylated hydroxyanisole. We analyzed the expression and activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated molecules and show that 4HPR-induced ER stress is a consequence of ROS generation. Salubrinal, an ER stress inhibitor, abrogated 4HPR-induced PLAB upregulation and protected the cells from apoptosis. Downstream of ROS generation and ER stress, 4HPR activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which was inhibited by vitamin C and salubrinal. The JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced 4HPR-induced PLAB upregulation, by decreasing PLAB mRNA half-life, and protected the cells from apoptosis. These data indicate that 4HPR-induced PLAB upregulation occurs downstream of a signaling cascade involving ROS generation, ER stress induction and JNK activation and that these steps are mediators of 4HPR-induced apoptosis.
Development of high grade seamless pipes for deepwater application by metallurgical design (2005)

New solutions for the metallurgical design of high performance quenched and tempered (Q&T) seamless pipes of high grades from X65 up to X80 were found throughout a systematic work involving metallurgical modelling, laboratory tests, pilot and industrial trials.Both linepipes and risers for deepwater offshore fields such as Gulf of Mexico were considered.The target microstructure in the asquenched condition has been identified as refined low-C bainite/martensite matrix (> 70%).This is promoted through the control of austenite grain growth during the heating stage (austenitization before quenching), proper alloy additions and through a very effective quenching.Promising low-alloy steels and suitable quenching and tempering conditions identified by metallurgical modelling were verified by laboratory heats (80 kg ingots) that were processed at a pilot scale and submitted to microstructural examination and mechanical testing.The best solutions were used in preliminary industrial trials, also utilised for a fine tuning.The Ni-Cr-Mo-Nb-V alloy system showed very interesting combinations of strength-toughness and field weldability, suitable for the production of heavy wall X65 grade linepipes for sour service and X80 top tension risers.
Study on Inspiring Soft Power of Chinese Traditional Ethics (2016)

“Humanism”, “Using promotion and life improvement”, “Self-discipline”, “LiGong LiDe and LiYan” and other traditional ethics of Chinese traditional culture, are highly valuable for improving the moral construction of present China. But in terms of characters and limits of development of traditional ethics, there also be some drawbacks. Based on this, to renew traditional ethics, we must correctly grasp the inherent wisdom in our tradition, and aim at modern moral problems to realize the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional ethics.
On Context-Free Languages (1966)

In this report, certain properties of context-free (CF or type 2) grammars are investigated, like that of Chomsky. In particular, questions regarding structure, possible ambiguity and relationship to finite automata are considered. The following results are presented: The language generated by a context-free grammmar is linear in a sense that is defined precisely. The requirement of unambiguity—that every sentence has a unique phrase structure—weakens the grammar in the sense that there exists a CF language that cannot be generated unambiguously by a CF grammar. The result that not every CF language is a finite automaton (FA) language is improved in the following way. There exists a CF language L such that for any L′ ⊆ L , if L′ is FA, an L″ ⊆ L can be found such that L″ is also FA, L′ ⊆ L″ and L″ contains infinitely many sentences not in L′ . A type of grammar is defined that is intermediate between type 1 and type 2 grammars. It is shown that this type of grammar is essentially stronger than type 2 grammars and has the advantage over type 1 grammars that the phrase structure of a grammatical sentence is unique, once the derivation is given.
Reactions of Diborane with Alkali Metal Hydrides and Their Addition Compounds. New Syntheses of Borohydrides. Sodium and Potassium Borohydrides<sup>1</sup> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Diborane with Alkali Metal Hydrides and Their Addition Compounds. New Syntheses of Borohydrides. Sodium and Potassium Borohydrides1H. I. Schlesinger, Herbert C. Brown, Henry R. Hoekstra, and Louis R. RappCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 1, 199–204Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01097a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01097a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1577Altmetric-Citations170LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Resiting Molteno Implant Tubes (1996)

The authors describe a surgical technique for resiting Molteno implant tubes. The indications for this intervention are a blockage of the tube that cannot be resolved by other means; erosion of the scleral flap and conjunctiva by the tube; and pediatric cases in which enlargement of the eye causes retraction of the tube from the anterior chamber.
Design of crest factor reduction techniques based on clipping and filtering for wireless communications systems (2013)

Crest factor reduction (CFR) is a technique that is commonly used for the linearization of power amplifiers (PAs) for mobile communication systems. In published works containing the use of CFR, it is assumed a priori that the inclusion of CFR will be beneficial, and the main objective is to achieve improvements in the processes of parameter identification or technique implementation. The main contribution of this work is to consolidate a criterion to determine whether is positive or not to linearize a PA through the use of CFR based on a hard clipping limiter followed by a filter. The criterion is then validated through computational simulations performed on a PA modeled by a Wiener cascade and excited by a 3GPP WCDMA signal having a PAPR of 12 dB. It is verified that, in this example, the criterion indicates that the application of CFR is beneficial, which is confirmed by an increase of 1.8 dB in average output power.
Low-Energy, Adaptive, and Distributed MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor-Actuator Networks (2007)

Sensor-actuator networks are often limited in battery capacity and processing power. Therefore, it is exigent to develop solutions that are both energy and delay efficient. In this paper, we propose a low-energy and delay-sensitive TDMA based MAC for wireless sensor-actuator networks (SANETs). These networks are organized into clusters and each cluster is managed by a single actuator. To avoid inter- cluster downlink interference, we introduce an easy use of CDMA codes. The actuators schedule sensors to reduce the total network energy consumption per successful transmission. We identify the advantages of our proposal over existing TDMA-MAC schemes for cluster-based sensor networks. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MAC greatly improves the SANET lifetime and achieves a good trade-off between the packet delay and sensor energy consumption.
A Novel Method for Soil Organic Matter Determination by Using an Artificial Olfactory System (2019)

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a major indicator of soil fertility and nutrients. In this study, a soil organic matter measuring method based on an artificial olfactory system (AOS) was designed. An array composed of 10 identical gas sensors controlled at different temperatures was used to collect soil gases. From the response curve of each sensor, four features were extracted (maximum value, mean differential coefficient value, response area value, and the transient value at the 20th second). Then, soil organic matter regression prediction models were built based on back-propagation neural network (BPNN), support vector regression (SVR), and partial least squares regression (PLSR). The prediction performance of each model was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD). It was found that the R<sup>2</sup> values between prediction (from BPNN, SVR, and PLSR) and observation were 0.880, 0.895, and 0.808. RMSEs were 14.916, 14.094, and 18.890, and RPDs were 2.837, 3.003, and 2.240, respectively. SVR had higher prediction ability than BPNN and PLSR and can be used to accurately predict organic matter contents. Thus, our findings offer brand new methods for predicting SOM.
Object manipulation by a multifingered gripper: on the transition from precision to power grasp (2002)

Whereas the emphasis of precision grasping only using the fingertips is placed on dexterity and sensitivity, power grasps guarantee high security and stability. But even if the task requires a power grasp, in the initial configuration the complete enveloping by the fingers is often impossible due to the position of the object in the workspace and only a fingertip grasp can be applied. Then a transition from precision to power grasping has to be performed. Based on an experimental study this paper discusses several possibilities to realize this transition by using a three-fingered dextrous hand mounted on a 6DOF robot. In particular it is distinguished between strategies requiring a coordination of robot and hand and strategies performing the transition only by the fingers like humans do.
Heat-Transfer and Flow-Friction Characteristics of Crossed-Rod Matrices (1960)

The paper presents a continuation of the program on porous media heat-transfer and flow-friction behavior previously covered in References [2b] and [3b]. All the previous results of interest to the designer on woven-screen matrices and crossed-rod matrices of a random configuration are summarized here. In addition, new design results for the regular in-line and regular staggered crossed-rod-matrix configurations are reported. Matrices of the type considered here may find application as heat-transfer surface geometries for nuclear-reactor fuel elements, for electrical resistance heaters and for periodic-flow-type heat exchangers used for gas-turbine regenerators, and some air-conditioning applications.
Colorimetric method for rapid determination of bacteriuria (1981)

An inexpensive, rapid, and simple colorimetric test for detection of bacteriuria is described. This test does not require bacterial growth and has the marked advantage of being able to quantify bacteria, even when the organisms are present in the urine of bacteriuric patients who are being treated with antibiotics. The test is carried out with 1 ml of urine, which is processed through a 10-mm-diameter filter than entraps the bacteria on its surface. Safranine dye is passed through the filter to stain the bacteria and the filter fibers. A decolorizer, which removes the dye from the filter fibers but not from the bacteria, is then passed through the filter. If there are greater than or equal to 10(5) colony-forming units of bacteria per ml in the sample, the 10-mm filter disk manifests a pink to red color. If there are less than 10(5)colony-forming units of bacteria per ml, the filter disk remains white or becomes slightly yellow. The entire procedure has been adapted to a semiautomated instrument and the time required per test is less than 1 min. The results obtained on the test card are a permanent record to be filled with the patient's chart. The bacteria can be quickly classified as gram positive or gram negative by selective staining of a second milliliter of urine on the filter. Of 441 urine specimens tested, 430 (98%) were correctly classified as containing more or less than 10(5) colony-forming units per ml. A total of 62 urine specimens were positive by bacterial plating (greater than or equal to 10(5) colony-forming units per ml), and 59 were positive by the colorimetric test. Eight false-positives (colorimetric test positive, plate counts less than 10(5)) were encountered in patients (bacteriuric) being prescribed antibiotics. Removal of the antibiotics from these urine specimens, with subsequent replating of the samples, indicated the presence of greater than or equal to 10(5) colony-forming units of bacteria per ml in three representative cases tested, indicating that the results of the colorimetric tests were not false-positives but that the plate counts were low because of the inhibition of bacterial growth by the residual antibiotics present in the urine.
High speed sliding of axonemal microtubules produced by outer arm dynein (2004)

To study dynein arm activity at high temporal resolution, axonemal sliding was measured field by field for wild type and dynein arm mutants of Tetrahymena thermophila. For wt SB255 cells, when the rate of data acquisition was 60 fps, about 5x greater than previously published observations, sliding was observed to be discontinuous with very high velocity sliding (average 196 microm/sec) for a few msec (1 or 2 fields) followed by a pause of several fields. The sliding velocities measured were an order of magnitude greater than rates previously measured by video analysis. However, when the data were analyzed at 12 fps for the same axonemes, consistent with previous observations, sliding was linear as the axonemes extended several times their original length with an average velocity of approximately 10 microm/sec. The pauses or stops occurred at approximately 200 and 300% of the initial length, suggesting that dynein arms on one axonemal doublet were initially active to the limit of extension, and then the arms on the next doublet became activated. In contrast, in a mutant where OADs are missing, sliding observed at 60 fps was continuous and slow (5 microm/sec), as opposed to the discontinuous high-velocity sliding of SB255 and of the mutant at the permissive temperature where OADs are present. High-velocity step-wise sliding was also present in axonemes from an inner arm dynein mutant (KO6). These results indicate that the high-speed discontinuous pattern of sliding is produced by the mechanochemical activity of outer arm dynein. The rate of sliding is consistent with a low duty ratio of the outer arm dynein and with the operation of each arm along a doublet once per beat.
[[Virus-like particle-based immunoglobulin M capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of IgM antibodies against Chikungunya virus]. (2014)

To establish a MacELISA method for the detection of IgM antibodies against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), we prepared virus like particle (VLP) antigens of CHIKV using the whole structural protein C-E3-E2-6K-E1 encoding gene with a baculovirus expression system in Sf9 insect cells. The VLPs were purified and used to immunize Kunming mice. Then, polyclonal antibodies were purified from the samples of ascites with a protein G HiTrap SP column and labeled with horseradish peroxidase. A MacELISA method for the detection of IgM antibodies against CHIKV was assembled with goat anti-human IgM antibody, VLP antigens and an enzyme-labeled polyclonal antibody. The results were evaluated with a serum panel containing serum samples from laboratory-confirmed CHIK, HFRS patients, healthy donors, and commercially available CHIKV IgM as a quality control. It was shown that the MacELISA had a specificity of 99% (99/100), the coefficients of variation (CoV) within a plate were <10%, and the CoV of different ELISA plates in terms of the plate variation coefficient was <15%. A comparative analysis was performed to compare the current method against a commercial CHIKV IgM antibody detection kit for IIFA-IgM. The detection limit of MacELISA was significantly lower than that of the IIFA-IgM commercial kit (P< 0.0001). Here, we demonstrate that the VLP-based MacELISA is a promising tool for the early diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of CHIKV infection, with a high level of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of IgM antibodies against CHIKV.
Acceptance of water recycling in Australia: National baseline data (2006)

Water recycling is recognised by policy makers and the water supply industry as being an important strategy in the management of urban water supplies. Following prolonged drought conditions, combined with predicted water demand, sewer mining has been given the official go ahead in Sydney, indirect potable reuse is back on the planning agenda and various alternatives, including desalination, are either established, planned, or in the process of being implemented. With wide acknowledgement of the need for triple bottom line outcomes, the social aspect of water recycling needs to be considered along with the economic and environmental benefits. To what extent do Australians accept the introduction of water recycling as a water conservation strategy? Key results of a national survey (n=2504) are presented in this paper that confirm the historical preference for non potable (not for drinking) uses of reclaimed water. In addition, this research finds that householders are willing to use a range of alternative sources of water in the home and for purposes that will involve direct bodily contact.
Dioxygen-Initiated Oxidation of Heteroatomic Substrates Incorporated into Ancillary Pyridine Ligands of Carboxylate-Rich Diiron(II) Complexes (2005)

Progress toward the development of functional models of the carboxylate-bridged diiron active site in soluble methane monooxygenase is described in which potential substrates are introduced as substituents on bound pyridine ligands. Pyridine ligands incorporating a thiol, sulfide, sulfoxide, or phosphine moiety were allowed to react with the preassembled diiron(II) complex [Fe(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(R))(2)(O(2)CAr(R))(2)(THF)(2)], where (-)O(2)CAr(R) is a sterically hindered 2,6-di(p-tolyl)- or 2,6-di(p-fluorophenyl)benzoate (R = Tol or 4-FPh). The resulting diiron(II) complexes were characterized crystallographically. Triply and doubly bridged compounds [Fe(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(Tol))(3)(O(2)CAr(Tol))(2-MeSpy)] (4) and [Fe(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(Tol))(2)(O(2)CAr(Tol))(2)(2-MeS(O)py)(2)] (5) resulted when 2-methylthiopyridine (2-MeSpy) and 2-pyridylmethylsulfoxide (2-MeS(O)py), respectively, were employed. Another triply bridged diiron(II) complex, [Fe(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(4)(-)(FPh))(3)-(O(2)CAr(4)(-)(FPh))(2-Ph(2)Ppy)] (3), was obtained containing 2-diphenylphosphinopyridine (2-Ph(2)Ppy). The use of 2-mercaptopyridine (2-HSpy) produced the mononuclear complex [Fe(O(2)CAr(Tol))(2)(2-HSpy)(2)] (6a). Together with that of previously reported [Fe(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(Tol))(3)(O(2)CAr(Tol))(2-PhSpy)] (2) and [Fe(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(Tol))(3)(O(2)CAr(Tol))(2-Ph(2)Ppy)] (1), the dioxygen reactivity of these iron(II) complexes was investigated. A dioxygen-dependent intermediate (6b) formed upon exposure of 6a to O(2), the electronic structure of which was probed by various spectroscopic methods. Exposure of 4 and 5 to dioxygen revealed both sulfide and sulfoxide oxidation. Oxidation of 3 in CH(2)Cl(2) yields [Fe(2)(mu-OH)(2)(mu-O(2)CAr(4)(-)(FPh))(O(2)CAr(4)(-FPh))(3)(OH(2))(2-Ph(2)P(O)py)] (8), which contains the biologically relevant {Fe(2)(mu-OH)(2)(mu-O(2)CR)}(3+) core. This reaction is sensitive to the choice of carboxylate ligands, however, since the p-tolyl analogue 1 yielded a hexanuclear species, 7, upon oxidation.
High Efficiency 1.06μm Wavelength High Power Diode Array Module (2006)

1.06μm emitting broad-waveguide-type InGaAs/InGaAsP strained-compensated single-quantum well laser arrays is fabricated.Ohmic-contact technology is optimized for wall-plug efficiency.The module's wall-plug efficiency can reach to 56.9% at a CW output power of 50.2W.The threshold current is less than 10A and the central wavelength is 1054.5nm at 50A.
A novel ride-through system for adjustable-speed drives using common-mode voltage (2001)

This paper proposes a new ride-through system for adjustable-speed drives (ASDs) using common-mode voltage. In the proposed ride-through system, the common-mode voltage inherent in a pulsewidth-modulation boost rectifier-inverter system is used for charging the energy storage device at normal conditions of the source power. That is, controlling the common-mode voltage with a small reactor while driving motors can regulate charging current. Using simple additional circuits and the existing rectifier, at the whole range of voltage disturbances from balanced or unbalanced shallow voltage sag to full outage, ride-through is successively available with the proposed system. Various energy storage devices can be selected according to the applications and two kinds of charging topology-using inverter-side or rectifier-side common-mode voltage-are also available in the proposed system.
Person perception as a function of interpersonal relations: The role of the Relation-Pattern Model (RPM) (1981)

The "Relation Pattern Model" (RPM) maps information that configurations of interpersonal relations imply about individuals within the configuration. This "implied information" varies according as individuals are conceived of either in self-other terms or in terms of singular persons (e.g.: proper names). Illustrative examples as well as research data show that the RPM accounts for a good deal of the variability among impressions perceivers form of people on the basis of information about interpersonal relations between those people. The affinity of the RPM with graph theory is briefly discussed.