gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LPPS Thin Film Technology for the Application of TBC Systems (2005)

Abstract Low pressure plasma spraying (LPPS) is well established as coating process for the deposition of TBC systems for industrial gas turbines as well as aero applications under industrial standards. With the extension to LPPS Thin Film process, the operating conditions can vary in a wide range from only a few mbar up to typically 200 mbar which imposes different characteristics of the corresponding spray conditions and resulting coating properties. The flexibility of this process allows for subsequent coating of different layers for bond and top coat of a complex TBC system by using only a single TS technology. This simplifies the operational needs for industrial production and offers the potential of increased technological and economical benefits. Depending on the process conditions a broad variety of different TBC layers, multi-layer systems including bond coats & diffusion barriers, dense, porous or graded YSZ layers as well as EB-PVD like layers with columnar microstructure, can be realized using the LPPS-TF technology. Proper adjustment of spraying conditions and suited material selection allows controlling the grade of “columnarity” of the layer. Thermal cycling as well as GE erosion tests have been used to characterize and benchmark the coating quality. Transfer of such coatings onto real turbine blade has demonstrated that all substrate areas could be coated with a columnar TBC structure up to a thickness of about 250 microns. This offers the possibility either to develop coatings with optimized performance or of comparable quality at reduced production costs when compared to established vapour deposition techniques like EB-PVD. This paper presents an overview on the development of various TBC systems such as multi-layers or columnar structures by using the LPPS Thin Film technology.
Standards of Living, Residential Environment and Residential Lots (2001)

Several fundamental amendments concerning policies for housing and lots have been proposed in the recent report of the Council on Housing and Lots. Separation of living quality dependent upon the household size from housing performance is important to correctly understand the quality of housing stocks. Standard of housing stocks by looking at the number of housing units over 100 m2 and 50m2 has some rationale, for they are related to old standards. The report fails to consider substitutability of elements of residential environment. Moreover standard of living can be refined. These aspects should be pursued in the future.Concerning, standard of residential environment, a new notion, namely sustainability, is added. This implies a fundamental change in considering our residential environment, for sustainability is based on what-we-act rather than what-we-get, which old four notions are based on. Announcement of qualitative scales for residential environment is important to promote the accountable policies. The report can be improved by stressing on improvement of ordinary residential areas, and by considering concrete counter-measure for prevention of excessive subdivision of lots based on the public welfare of group of lots.
The Role of Lysine 529, a Conserved Residue of the Acyl-Adenylate-Forming Enzyme Superfamily, in Firefly Luciferase (2000)

Firefly luciferase catalyzes the highly efficient emission of yellow-green light from the substrates luciferin, Mg-ATP, and oxygen in a two-step process. The enzyme first catalyzes the adenylation of the carboxylate substrate luciferin with Mg-ATP followed by the oxidation of the acyl-adenylate to the light-emitting oxyluciferin product. The beetle luciferases are members of a large family of nonbioluminescent proteins that catalyze reactions of ATP with carboxylate substrates to form acyl-adenylates. Formation of the luciferase-luciferyl-AMP complex is a specific example of the chemistry common to this enzyme family. Site-directed mutants at positions Lys529, Thr343, and His245 were studied to determine the effects of the amino acid changes at these positions on the individual luciferase-catalyzed adenylation and oxidation reactions. The results suggest that Lys529 is a critical residue for effective substrate orientation and that it provides favorable polar interactions important for transition state stabilization leading to efficient adenylate production. These findings as well as those with the Thr343 and His245 mutants are interpreted in the context of the firefly luciferase X-ray structures and computational-based models of the active site.
Modelling production caused changes in conductivity for a siliciclastic reservoir: a differential effective medium approach (2008)

ABSTRACT Marine controlled‐source electromagnetic sounding is a rapidly growing exploration technique that complements the seismic method in case of pore fluid discrimination between water and oil. Further development of the method is foreseen to be within reservoir monitoring involving permanent instrumentation on both seafloor and within wells. Such advanced applications demand a good understanding and description of the electric Earth model to ensure accurate modelling of possible Earth responses as well as successful inversion of measurement data. Based on earlier works carried out within petrophysics and resistivity‐logging, an extended effective‐medium scheme is derived that can be applied to model reservoir production effects. This rock‐physics model has the potential of taking into account the effect of important parameters like grain‐shape distribution, grain alignment, shaliness, salinity, saturation, temperature and stress, based on a uniform formulation. It has been calibrated by employing various core sample measurements. The effective‐medium scheme can easily be interfaced with an existing standard electromagnetic modelling program and several such examples are presented.
A Comparative Study on Shen Congwen and Yasunari Kawabata (2003)

Shen Congwen and Yasunari Kawabata,the literary giants in the two Eastern countries,China and Japan,show a surprising similarity in their aesthetical pursuit in their respective literary world.Melancholy,sorrow,sadness and loneliness constitute the basic tint of their works.This article tries to disclose the deepest psychological motives of their creative writings and make a comparative analysis upon this conspicuous phenomenon.
Reduced Hepatic Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Level in Obesity (2017)

Impairment of insulin clearance is being increasingly recognized as a critical step in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic disease. The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) promotes insulin clearance. Null deletion or liver-specific inactivation of Ceacam1 in mice causes a defect in insulin clearance, insulin resistance, steatohepatitis, and visceral obesity. Immunohistological analysis revealed reduction of hepatic CEACAM1 in obese subjects with fatty liver disease. Thus, we aimed to determine whether this occurs at the hepatocyte level in response to systemic extrahepatic factors and whether this holds across species. Northern and Western blot analyses demonstrate that <i>CEACAM1</i> mRNA and protein levels are reduced in liver tissues of obese individuals compared to their lean age-matched counterparts. Furthermore, Western analysis reveals a comparable reduction of CEACAM1 protein in primary hepatocytes derived from the same obese subjects. Similar to humans, <i>Ceacam1</i> mRNA level, assessed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis, is significantly reduced in the livers of obese Zucker (<i>fa/fa</i>, ZDF) and Koletsky (<i>f/f</i>) rats relative to their age-matched lean counterparts. These studies demonstrate that the reduction of hepatic CEACAM1 in obesity occurs at the level of hepatocytes and identify the reduction of hepatic CEACAM1 as a common denominator of obesity across multiple species.
Characterization of human IgG Fc receptors. (1985)

A murine monoclonal antibody, KuFc79, has been developed that reacts with human IgG Fc receptors on monocytes, B lymphocytes, and granulocytes. The specificity of KuFc79 for Fc receptors was demonstrated by the ability of Fab fragments to block Fc-mediated phagocytosis by monocytes. This finding was further substantiated by the decrease of KuFc79 binding to monocytes and granulocytes (58 and 70%, respectively) after modulation of surface IgG receptors with aggregated IgG. In addition, Fab KuFc79-conjugated Sepharose was used to isolate functional IgG Fc-binding molecules from soluble extracts of the human monocyte-like cell line U937. By immunoprecipitation, it was further shown that KuFc79 immunoprecipitated molecules of 42,000 and 70,000 daltons from U937 and a human lymphoblastoid cell line, SB. A lower m.w. species of approximately 33,000 was also precipitable from granulocytes. Extensive microheterogeneity of these molecules was noted by isoelectric focusing, which appears to be due to differential sialation.
The Effect of Different Packaging on the Catfish Protein Concentrate Sagoo Noodle Fortified with Microalgae (Chlorella SP.) and Catfish Oil (Pangasius Hypopthalmus) Stored at Room Temperature (2016)

This research was intended to determine the effect of different packaging on the catfish proteinconcentrate sagoo noodle fortified with microalgae (Chlorella sp.) and catfish oil (Pangasiushypopthalmus) during room temperature storage. The method used in this study wasexperimental andcomposedas non factorial completely random design. Those were threetreatment, namely: A1 HDPE (high density polyethylene) packaging, A2 alumunium foilpackaging, and A3 is alumunium foil and HDPE combination packaging. Those were grouped for3 storage time, namely: B1 (day 0), B2 (days 15), dan B3 (days 30). The parameters used to assessthe quality of sagoo noodle were organoleptic value (consistence, flavor, aroma, and texture),water content, fat, peroxide value, and the total colony bacteria. The product packed by usingthe alumunium foil (A2) was showing the best quality, with characteristic of consistencewaswhite, catchy, whole and tidy. The flavor was specific sagoo noodle, the aroma was also specificsagoo noodle, and the texture was elastic, compact, whole and flexible.
Photoelectrochemical Investigations of Passive Films on Titanium Electrodes (1986)

Photoelectrochemical investigations were performed with passivated titanium electrodes. Passive films were formed in at constant potential, , with being varied between 4 and 105V. The results of photocurrent spectra and the potential dependence of the photocurrent suggest a distinction of four different types of film behavior depending on the thickness of the passive film. The most important changes in photoelectrochemical data occur below . An amorphous‐crystalline transition of the passive film can be assumed. This is inferred from the change of the optical transitions with thickness and the potential dependence of the photocurrent which seems to obey the Poole‐Frenkel effect for thinner films. The changes observed with thicker films can be related to an increasing long range order in the passive film. The results demonstrate that photoelectrochemistry is a suitable in situ technique for determining important properties of passive films including structurally related ones.
Difference in the Electronic Structure of SrBi<sub>2</sub>Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub> and SrBi<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub> (1998)

We calculated the electronic structures of SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT) and SrBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SBN) using the discrete variational X α method. We conclude that the difference in the remanent polarization between SBT and SBN is due to the difference in the displacement between tantalum ions and niobium ions rather than the difference in the displacement of the other ions and the difference in ionic charges.
Strained Hexagonal ScN: A Material with Unusual Structural and Optical Properties (2003)

Local-density approximation calculations are performed to predict properties of compressively strained hexagonal ScN. This material is found to exhibit a large electromechanical response, a structural phase transition from a nonpolar to a polar structure, and a variation of the band gap in the entire visible light range when continuously changing the compressive strain. Microscopic effects responsible for these anomalies are revealed and discussed. Suggestions on how to practically grow ScN-based materials having such unusual properties are also provided.
Effect of Heat, Acidification, and Chlorination on <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium Cells in a Biofilm Formed at the Air-Liquid Interface (2005)

Bacterial biofilms have great significance for public health, since biofilm-associated microorganisms exhibit dramatically decreased susceptibility to antimicrobial agents and treatments. To date most attention has focused on biofilms that arise from the colonization of solid-liquid or solid-air interfaces. It is of interest that colonization of the interface between air and liquid, which can be selectively advantageous for aerobic or facultative aerobic bacteria, has been rarely studied, although it may present a major problem in industrial aquatic systems. In this work we investigated the role of a biofilm at the interface between air and liquid (pellicle) in the susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to stress conditions. For a control we used a mutant that had lost its ability to synthesize cellulose and thin aggregative fimbriae and thus did not produce the pellicle. Resistance of bacteria from the pellicle to heat, acidification, and chlorination was compared to resistance of planktonic cells from the logarithmic and stationary phases of growth. Pellicle cells were significantly more resistant to chlorination, and thus the surrounding matrix conferred protection against the reactive sodium hypochlorite. However, the stress management of pellicle cells in response to heat and low pH was not enhanced compared to that of stationary-phase cells. A long-period of incubation resulted in endogenous hydrolysis of the pellicle matrix. This phenomenon provides a potential new approach to combat microbial cells in biofilms.
Don't thrash (2012)

This paper presents new alternatives to the well-known Bloom filter data structure. The Bloom filter, a compact data structure supporting set insertion and membership queries, has found wide application in databases, storage systems, and networks. Because the Bloom filter performs frequent random reads and writes, it is used almost exclusively in RAM, limiting the size of the sets it can represent. This paper first describes the quotient filter, which supports the basic operations of the Bloom filter, achieving roughly comparable performance in terms of space and time, but with better data locality. Operations on the quotient filter require only a small number of contiguous accesses. The quotient filter has other advantages over the Bloom filter: it supports deletions, it can be dynamically resized, and two quotient filters can be efficiently merged. The paper then gives two data structures, the buffered quotient filter and the cascade filter, which exploit the quotient filter advantages and thus serve as SSD-optimized alternatives to the Bloom filter. The cascade filter has better asymptotic I/O performance than the buffered quotient filter, but the buffered quotient filter outperforms the cascade filter on small to medium data sets. Both data structures significantly outperform recently-proposed SSD-optimized Bloom filter variants, such as the elevator Bloom filter, buffered Bloom filter, and forest-structured Bloom filter. In experiments, the cascade filter and buffered quotient filter performed insertions 8.6--11 times faster than the fastest Bloom filter variant and performed lookups 0.94--2.56 times faster.
[The treatment of coronary atherosclerosis: effect of the use of stents on immediate and long term results of coronary angioplasty]. (2004)

Immediate and long term results of 2 methods of coronary angioplasty (balloon dilatation and stenting) were analyzed retrospectively. During 10 years proportion of stent implantations increased 30-fold reaching 95-97% of coronary interventions. This was associated with improvement of immediate results of angioplasty: lowered rates of myocardial infarctions, urgent coronary artery bypass graftings and acute coronary artery occlusions (from 2.7% after balloon angioplasty to 0.6% after stenting). Improved long-term prognosis after stenting manifested in lower frequency of cardiovascular events. Five year survival was 98,8 and 92.7% after stenting and balloon angioplasty, respectively (p=0.004). However effect of stenting on rates of angiographic restenosis and repeat revascularizations was less pronounced (27.1 and 30.4%, respectively, after stenting vs. 30.1 and 34.5%, respectively, after balloon angioplasty).
A mitochondrion-targeting copper complex exhibits potent cytotoxicity against cisplatin-resistant tumor cells through multiple mechanisms of action (2014)

A cationic copper complex with triphenylphosphine as a targeting group preferentially accumulates in mitochondria of tumor cells and strongly inhibits their proliferation.
A 10-kW SiC inverter with a novel printed metal power module with integrated cooling using additive manufacturing (2014)

With efforts to reduce the cost, size, and thermal management systems for the power electronics drivetrain in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), wide band gap semiconductors including silicon carbide (SiC) have been identified as possibly being a partial solution. This paper focuses on the development of a 10-kW all SiC inverter using a high power density, integrated printed metal power module with integrated cooling using additive manufacturing techniques. This is the first ever heat sink printed for a power electronics application. About 50% of the inverter was built using additive manufacturing techniques.
Differentiated classes of service and flow management using an hybrid broker (2013)

Recently, mobile networks have been overloaded with a considerable amount of data traffic. The current paper proposes a management service for mobile environments, using policies and quality metrics, which ensure a better usage of network resources with a more fine-grained management based on flows with different classes of service and transmission rates. This management of flows is supported through a closed innovative control loop among a flexible brokerage service in the network, and agents at the mobile terminals. It also allows the terminals to make well-informed decisions about their connections to enhance the number of connected flows per technology and the individual service level offered to each flow. Our results indicate that the proposed solution optimizes the usage of available 4G network resources among a high number of differentiated flows in several scenarios where access technologies are extremely overloaded whilst protecting, through a low complexity scheme, the flows associated to users that have celebrated more expensive contracts with their network operators.
The Design and Realization of Visual Route in VRML Editors (2008)

The VRML use route mechanism to handle event, but the visual route editing is the difficulty of the VRML editors at all times. Based on this, this paper presents a research on editing visual route using VRML editors, making it possible for the visual editing of the invisible mechanisms like route, using the powerful class libraries of open Inventor and the VC++ development tools to carry out the VRML visual editors, bonding the node-tree-views, scene-views and the route-views, which make it possible for the users to edit the routes visually.
Adsorption of dyes to cotton and inhibition by polymers (2003)

This paper addresses some key factors that control the transfer of dyes between garments during detergency. It is shown that adsorption of a series of substituted arylazo‐2‐naphthol dyes to cotton under simulated detergency conditions is influenced by the log P fragment value of the dye substituent; this suggests that hydrophobic interactions make an important contribution to the binding free energy. The comparative effectiveness of nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic polymers in inhibiting adsorption of dye to cotton was also investigated. Increase in polymer concentration reduces dye adsorption to cotton; increase in polymer molecular weight at constant polymer concentration also inhibits dye adsorption up to a molecular weight of ca. 20000, above which there is no further change. Anionic surfactants reduce the efficacy of polymers by displacing dyes from polymers. Surprisingly, certain dyes become relocated in polymer/surfactant complexes; binding is much more effective than in corresponding surfactant micelles.
Reactivity of monoclonal anti‐type II collagen antibodies with cartilage and synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (1986)

Monoclonal antibodies to 3 different epitopes on native type II collagen were used for immunohistochemical analysis of antigenic determinants that are exposed in the cartilage and synovial tissue obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Two of the monoclonal antibodies reacted with cartilage from both OA and RA joints, but not with that from normal joints. The third monoclonal did not stain any of the cartilage sections. The 2 positive antibodies also reacted with cartilage fragments in the synovial tissue of both RA and OA joints, and in RA pannus tissue, the antibodies showed intracellular staining in many class II transplantation antigen-expressing synovial cells lying close to the damaged cartilage.
A Quantitative Measurement of Regret Theory (2009)

This paper introduces a method to measure regret theory, a popular theory of decision under uncertainty. Regret theory allows for violations of transitivity, and it may seem paradoxical to quantitatively measure an intransitive theory. We adopt the trade-off method and show that it is robust to violations of transitivity. Our method makes no assumptions about the shape of the functions reflecting utility and regret. It can be performed at the individual level, taking account of preference heterogeneity. Our data support the main assumption of regret theory, that people are disproportionately averse to large regrets, even when event-splitting effects are controlled for. The findings are robust: similar results were obtained in two measurements using different stimuli. The data support the reliability of the trade-off method: its measurements could be replicated using different stimuli and were not susceptible to strategic responding.
Nitric Oxide: Synthesis and Intracellular Actions (1999)

NO plays a wide variety of roles in the regulation of physiological function. It plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure, cardiac function, central nervous system function, renal function, and immune responses. NO is produced by three classes of enzymes (NOS I, II, and III), which have different physiological stimulators. NOS I and III are activated by Ca, whereas NOS II is not. NO stimulates several second messenger cascades. The precise effects of NO depend on the type of cell and the amount produced. The primary second messenger cascade activated by NO in the regulation of physiological processes is the cGMP cascade; however, cGMP-independent mechansims are important in some tissues and circumstances. Diminished or enhanced production of NO may lead to several pathological conditions.