gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Answering top-k queries using views (2006)

The problem of obtaining efficient answers to top-k queries has attracted a lot of research attention. Several algorithms and numerous variants of the top-k retrieval problem have been introduced in recent years. The general form of this problem requests the k highest ranked values from a relation, using monotone combining functions on (a subset of) its attributes.In this paper we explore space performance tradeoffs related to this problem. In particular we study the problem of answering top-k queries using views. A view in this context is a materialized version of a previously posed query, requesting a number of highest ranked values according to some monotone combining function defined on a subset of the attributes of a relation. Several problems of interest arise in the presence of such views. We start by presenting a new algorithm capable of combining the information from a number of views to answer ad hoc top-k queries. We then address the problem of identifying the most promising (in terms of performance) views to use for query answering in the presence of a collection of views. We formalize both problems and present efficient algorithms for their solution. We also discuss several extensions of the basic problems in this setting.We present the results of a thorough experimental study that deploys our techniques on real and synthetic data sets. Our results indicate that the techniques proposed herein comprise a robust solution to the problem of top-k query answering using views, gracefully exploring the space versus performance tradeoffs in the context of top-k query answering.
VBIC95, the vertical bipolar inter-company model (1996)

This paper details the VBIC95 bipolar junction transistor (BJT) model. The model was developed as an industry standard replacement for the SPICE Gummel-Poon (SGP) model, to improve deficiencies of the SGP model that have become apparent over time because of the advances in BJT process technology. VBIC95 is still based on the Gummel-Poon formulation, and thus can degenerate to be similar to the familiar SGP model. However, it includes improved modeling of the Early effect, quasi-saturation, substrate and oxide parasitics, avalanche multiplication, and temperature behavior that can be invoked selectively based on model parameter values.
TRPA1 channels: molecular sentinels of cellular stress and tissue damage (2016)

TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel expressed in mammalian peripheral pain receptors, with a major role in chemonociception. TRPA1 has also been implicated in noxious cold and mechanical pain sensation. TRPA1 has an ancient origin and plays important functions in lower organisms, including thermotaxis, mechanotransduction and modulation of lifespan. Here we highlight the role of TRPA1 as a multipurpose sensor of harmful signals, including toxic bacterial products and UV light, and as a sensor of stress and tissue damage. Sensing roles span beyond the peripheral nervous system to include major barrier tissues: gut, skin and lung. Tissue injury, environmental irritants and microbial pathogens are danger signals that can threaten the health of organisms. These signals lead to the coordinated activation of the nociceptive and the innate immune system to provide a homeostatic response trying to re-establish physiological conditions including tissue repair. Activation of TRPA1 participates in protective neuroimmune interactions at multiple levels, sensing ROS and bacterial products and triggering the release of neuropeptides. However, an exaggerated response to danger signals is maladaptive and can lead to the development of chronic inflammatory conditions.
A simple method for the preparation of paraffin-embedded cell blocks from fine needle aspirates, effusions and brushings. (1988)

A simple method for the preparation of paraffin-embedded cell blocks from cytologic specimens obtained by fine needle aspiration, by brushing or from effusions is described. The cells are fixed in suspension in 50% ethanol for one hour and pelleted by centrifugation in a 50-mL plastic tube. The fixative is removed, and the pellet is suspended in 3 mL of acetone for dehydration for ten minutes and thereafter repelleted. The acetone is then removed, and the cell pellet is dried at 60 degrees C for one hour. Melted paraffin is added onto the dry warmed cell mass and allowed to solidify at room temperature. A conical paraffin block with the cells in the top is obtained and can be handled as a routine tissue block.
LVI.—Formation of amides from aldehydes (1901)

R. H. Pickard and W. Carter, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1901, 79, 520 DOI: 10.1039/CT9017900520
CASS CTS software design (2002)

The task of the CASS CTS is to test complex guided munitions in the All-Up-Round and Guidance Section configurations requiring such capabilities as real-time operation and simulation of operational parameters. The CTS software design provides extremely fast instrument communication, establishment of multiple tasks, and extensive interrupt control within the environment of an operator-friendly test executive. The modular software architecture and the use of industry-standard interfaces result in a readily expandable and adaptable test system.
A General Approach Toward Bakkanes:  Short Synthesis of (±)-Bakkenolide-A (Fukinanolide) (2004)

[reaction: see text] An efficient, general, and fully stereocontrolled approach to the family of bakkanes is disclosed. This route highlights a highly diastereoselective Diels-Alder/aldol sequence to furnish the common hydrindane precursor for the synthesis of bakkanes. The projected common intermediate was transformed to the (+/-)-bakkenolide-A in a short sequence.
Purification and properties of β-glucuronidase from human placenta (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPurification and properties of β-glucuronidase from human placentaFrederick E. Brot, C. Elliott Bell, and William S. SlyCite this: Biochemistry 1978, 17, 3, 385–391Publication Date (Print):February 7, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 7 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00596a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00596a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views234Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Volumetric Determination of Mercury(II) with 1Phenylthiosemicarbazide (1961)

1一フェニルチオセミカルバジドの3N酢酸溶液を使用し,少量の水銀(II)がつぎの条件の容量法で定量可能である。(1):水銀溶液に銅(III)イオン8mgを加え,2N酢酸酸性溶液約100mlにする。これをカルバジドの3N酢酸溶液(濃度0.003mol)で滴定し銅錯塩の青色が発現するところを終点とする。(2):カルバジド溶液一定量をとり,銅(II)イオン0.5mgを加えてカルバジド錯塩を一部生成させ,2N酢酸酸性溶液約100mにする。これを濃度未知の水銀溶液で滴定し青色が消失するところを終点とする。滴定結果は水銀含量11mgまでの定盆ができる。鉄(III),少量のハロゲンは妨害しないが,金(III),銀(III),白金(IV),水銀(I)などは妨害する。また,水銀溶液にカルバジド溶液を滴下する光度滴定法も波長383mμ を使用して定墨可能である。この場合に,波長655mμ を使用して水銀と同時に銅含量1.5mg/50mlまでの銅の同時定量もできる。
Development and Scale-up of an Efficient Miyaura Borylation Process Using Tetrahydroxydiboron (2016)

A revised Miyaura borylation process has been developed using tetrahydroxydiboron that avoids the use of bis(pinacolato) diboron and hence the need to hydrolyze the resulting boronic ester to its corresponding acid. The process was greatly simplified and successfully scaled-up in the pilot plant on a 65 kg scale, reducing plant cycle time and resulting in a 47% overall cost reduction. Furthermore, methodology for the study of the oxygen sensitivity of the process is reported that allowed for optimization of the amount of tetrahydroxydiboron and catalyst used. These studies also demonstrated an oxygen-induced decomposition of tetrahydroxydiboron.
Buprenorphine: a (relatively) new treatment for opioid dependence. (2005)

Opioid dependence is a significant and growing problem in the United States. For nearly a century, federal regulations have made it illegal for psychiatrists and other physicians to pharmacologically manage this condition in an office-based setting using opioids. The passage of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 has made it possible for all physicians to prescribe buprenorphine to patients in such a setting. Buprenorphine, a partial mu-opoid receptor agonist, has unique pharmacologic properties that distinguish it from methadone and other medications used in the treatment of opioid dependence. It has been shown to be as effective as methadone and is generally safe and well-tolerated. It is available in two sublingual formulations: Subutex, which contains only buprenorphine, and Suboxone, which also contains naloxone. Physicians who wish to prescribe either must obtain a special waiver from the federal government and are currently limited to prescribing it for 30 patients at a time.
Declining Wild Salmon Populations in Relation to Parasites from Farm Salmon (2007)

Rather than benefiting wild fish, industrial aquaculture may contribute to declines in ocean fisheries and ecosystems. Farm salmon are commonly infected with salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis), which are native ectoparasitic copepods. We show that recurrent louse infestations of wild juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), all associated with salmon farms, have depressed wild pink salmon populations and placed them on a trajectory toward rapid local extinction. The louse-induced mortality of pink salmon is commonly over 80% and exceeds previous fishing mortality. If outbreaks continue, then local extinction is certain, and a 99% collapse in pink salmon population abundance is expected in four salmon generations. These results suggest that salmon farms can cause parasite outbreaks that erode the capacity of a coastal ecosystem to support wild salmon populations.
Frequency scanning microstrip antennas (1979)

The principles of using radiating microstrip resonators as elements in a frequency scanning antenna array are described. The resonators are cascade-coupled. This gives a scan of the main lobe due to the phase-shift in the resonator in addition to that created by the transmission line phase-shift. Experimental results in <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</tex> -band, in good agreement with the theory, show that it is possible to scan the main lobe an angle of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\pm30\deg</tex> by a variation of the frequency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\pm300</tex> MHz, and where the 3 dB beamwidth is less than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10\deg</tex> . The directivity was 14.7 dB, while the gain was 8.1 dB. The efficiency might be improved by a trade-off between the efficiency and the scanning angle, or by using a better amplitude distribution.
Performance analysis of different HSDPA equalizers under the measured outdoor channels (2007)

To restore the orthogonality of the spreading code, an equalizer is adopted at the receiving site for a HSDPA system. In this paper, BER performance and complexity of various equalizer methods are compared and analyzed under measured outdoor channels. Besides, a FFT-circulant with tapering equalization approach is proposed for the downlink HSDPA receiver. Results show that with tapering technique, the fast FFT-circulant equalizer can ease its high conditional number problem at a high SNR multipath channel. Simulations also show that the CG method has a satisfactory BER improvement. However, its performance depends notably on its iterative number and requires higher computational complexity than the FFT-circulant with tapering method.
Can Lasers Be Used To Break Chemical Bonds Selectively? (1980)

We discuss the possibility of selective bond breaking induced by the multiple photon absorption of infrared (IR) radiation. The rate at which a reactant molecule's internal vibrational energy distribution relaxes to a random distribution (intramolecular vibrational relaxation [IVR] rate) plays the central role in this discussion. It is pointed out that statistical theories of unimolecular decay, like the Rice Rampsburger Kassel (RRK) and Rice Rampsburger Kassel Marcus (RRKM) theories, preclude any possibility of selectivity because of their assumption of very rapid IVR rates. A new model of IVR and unimolecular decay which does not assume very rapid IVR rates, the restricted IVR model, is presented. Within the framework of this model the conditions necessary for selectivity are discussed quantitatively. A review of the available evidence concerning IVR rates suggests that selectivity is possible with sufficiently short and intense laser pulses. In the light of current knowledge about IVR rates we see no reason to doubt that Hall and Kaldor's experiment using separately two laser pulses of widely differing frequencies to induce the simultaneous isomerization and fragmentation of cyclopropane is a genuine example of selective bond breaking.
A calculus for network delay. II. Network analysis (1991)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.37, no.1, p.114-31 (1991). A method to analyze the flow of data in a network consisting of the interconnection of network elements is presented. Assuming the data that enters the network satisfies burstiness constraints, burstiness constraints are derived for traffic flowing between network elements. These derived constraints imply bounds on network delay and buffering requirements. By example, it is shown that the use of regulator elements within the network can reduce maximum network delay. It is also found that such a use of regulator elements can enlarge the throughput region where finite bounds for delay are found. Finally, it is shown how regulator elements connected in series can be used to enforce general burstiness constraints.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Complete parametrization of piecewise polynomial interpolators according to degree, support, regularity, and order (2000)

The most essential ingredient of interpolation is its basis function. We have shown in previous papers that this basis need not be necessarily interpolating to achieve good results. On the contrary, several studies have confirmed that non-interpolating bases, such as B-splines and O-moms, perform best. This opens up a much wider choice of basis functions. We give to the designer the tools that will allow him to characterize this enlarged space of functions. In particular, he will be able to specify up-front the four most important parameters for image processing: degree, support, regularity, and order. The theorems presented then allow him to refine his design by dealing with additional coefficients that can be selected freely, without interfering with the main design parameters.
3-D aluminum nanostructure with microhole array synthesized by femtosecond laser radiation for enhanced light extinction (2013)

This article presents 3-D aluminum micro-nanostructures for enhanced light absorption. Periodic microhole arrays were created by firing a train of femtosecond laser pulses at megahertz pulse frequency onto the surface of an aluminum target at ambient conditions. The laser trains ablated the target surface and created microholes leading to the generation of deposited nanostructures inside and around the microholes. These micro-nanostructures showed enhanced light absorption, which is attributed to surface plasmonics induced by the generation of both nano- and microstructures. These micro-nanostructures may be promising for solar cell applications.
Progress on the Investigation of Coal-Water-Slurry Fuel Combustion in a Medium-Speed Diesel Engine: Part 3—Accumulator Injector Performance (1989)

Coal-water-slurry (CWS) engine tests designed to evaluate a new accumulator-based injection system are described in this paper. The new injection system was found to improve CWS burnout considerably at both full and part engine loads. The peak cylinder firing pressure when operating with CWS was no higher than when operating with diesel oil. These data demonstrate the improved engine performance that can be achieved with the accumulator-based injection system.
Biochemical function of selenium and its relation to vitamin E. (1975)

Glutathione peroxidase (glutathione:H2O2 oxidoreductase, E.C. 1.11.1.9), isolated from ovine and bovine erythrocytes, has recently been shown to contain 4 selenium atoms per mole, an average of 1 Se per protein subunit of about 22,000 molecular weight. Selenium deficiency in the rat, chick and sheep causes dramatic decreases in the activity of this enzyme in the tissues, but certain sites such as liver are affected more than others. Decreases in glutathione peroxidase correlate with lesions caused by selenium deficiency and appear useful in diagnosing selenium deficiency. Glutathione peroxidase is an important enzyme in destroying H2O2 and organic hydroperoxides such as lipid hydroperoxides. It therefore guards against oxidative damage to the cell membranes and other oxidant-sensitive sites in the cell. While this selenium-dependent system destroys lipid hydroperoxides and other peroxides, vitamin E is believed to protect against oxidant damage to membranes by preventing the formation of lipid hydroperoxides. A scheme is proposed, based on oxidant damage and its prevention, which accounts for the interaction between selenium, vitamin E, unsaturated lipids, sulfur-containing amino acids, and cell damaging agents such as oxidant stressors and toxicants such as silver and tri-o-cresyl phosphate. The background for such a scheme is reviewed.
Functions and Procedures (1983)

In the Roulette program in the last chapter there is a set of eight lines that appear twice in the program. These are the lines that check that the character that is input from the keyboard is either 'Y' or 'N': Open image in new window
Storage and translocation of integumentary calcium during the moult cycle of the terrestrial isopod <i>Oniscus asellus</i> (L.) (1993)

The calcium content of pieces of integument of standardized size from various regions of the body was measured at all 15 stages of the intermoult cycle. Calcium resorbed from the posterior integument during premoult is stored mainly in the sternal calcium deposits of the anterior region, which contain 20% of total body calcium in late premoult. Earlier arguments that the deposits are not a store of calcium are refuted. These deposits are similar to gastroliths in both structure and function. After posterior ecdysis, calcium in the deposits is resorbed rapidly and employed in calcification of the new posterior exocuticle. Calcium is then resorbed from the general anterior integument within 24 h and may accumulate transiently in the haemolymph. During this period resorption of integumentary calcium and calcification proceed simultaneously in the anterior and posterior regions of the animal. Ecdysis of the anterior region then occurs, and calcium from the haemolymph is employed in calcification of the new anterior exocuticle. Forty-eight percent of intermoult calcium content is conserved. However, both exuviae are eaten and it is argued that further calcium is conserved by resorption from the exuviae within the gut. It is suggested that this calcium, together with dietary calcium, is employed in calcification of the endocuticle after ecdysis. It is proposed that comparable events occur in all crustaceans that conserve calcium, but are rendered especially dramatic in isopods, owing to the unusual biphasic pattern of cuticle secretion.
Twisted Si:N silicon-nitrogen double bonds: matrix isolation of bridgehead silanimines (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwisted Si:N silicon-nitrogen double bonds: matrix isolation of bridgehead silaniminesJuliusz G. Radziszewski, Piotr Kaszynski, Dieter Littmann, V. Balaji, B. A. Hess Jr., and Josef MichlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 18, 8401–8408Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00071a057Request reuse permissionsArticle Views516Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (994 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrating Parametric Hull Generation into Early Stage Design (2006)

Parametric hull surface generation is presented as an alternative to the traditional approach of scaling from parent hull forms or manually modifying the hull surface definition. The arrangement of these patterns constructs an intrinsic hull form topology. This topology simplifies the definition and modification of hull shapes. An interface provides tools which constrain surface definition to shapes in the topology. Geometrical curve definition allows changes to propagate, maintaining the correct hull form shape. Alternatively, numerical form parameters can transform the design by modifying the definition at the correct location in the topology. The IntelliHull concept is used as detailed example, demonstrating the capabilities of this commercial software when integrated into the Paramarine parametric ship design environment.