gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A depression of active tissue plasminogen activator in plasma characterizes patients with unstable angina pectoris who develop myocardial infarction (1990)

The balance between the coagulation system generating fibrin and its subsequent removal by the fibrinolytic system determines the fate of fibrin deposited in the vascular system. In a prospective study, selected haemostatic variables assessing this balance were determined in plasma samples from 20 consecutive patients admitted with unstable angina pectoris. Over a follow-up period of 6 years, eight patients developed myocardial infarction, whereas 12 patients did not. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the median plasma concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes reflecting the coagulant activity. The infarction group was characterized by a significantly lower median activity of tissue plasminogen activator in plasma euglobulins (P less than 0.05), a higher median concentration of tissue plasminogen activator antigen in plasma (P less than 0.05) and a tendency to higher plasma levels of antigenic and functional plasminogen activator inhibition. In all patients, the activities of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor and of tissue plasminogen activator were significantly associated (rs = -0.4811, P less than 0.05). We conclude that a depressed fibrinolytic capacity attributable to a low tissue plasminogen activator activity is of pathogenetic importance for the development of myocardial infarction in patients with unstable angina pectoris.
Siglec-G–CD24 axis controls the severity of graft-versus-host disease in mice (2014)

Activation of sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-G (Siglec-G) by noninfectious damage-associated molecular patterns controls innate immune responses. However, whether it also regulates T-cell-mediated adaptive immune responses is not known. Graft-versus-host reaction is a robust adaptive immune response caused by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation that have been activated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the context of damaged host tissues following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The role of infectious and noninfectious pattern recognition receptor-mediated activation in the induction and aggravation of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is being increasingly appreciated. But the role of pathways that control innate immune responses to noninfectious stimuli in modulating GVHD has heretofore not been recognized. We report that Siglec-G expression on host APCs, specifically on hematopoietic cells, negatively regulates GVHD in multiple clinically relevant murine models. Mechanistic studies with various relevant Siglec-G and CD24 knockout mice and chimeric animals, along with rescue experiments with novel CD24 fusion protein demonstrate that enhancing the interaction between Siglec-G on host APCs with CD24 on donor T cells attenuates GVHD. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Siglec-G-CD24 axis, controls the severity of GVHD and suggest that enhancing this interaction may represent a novel strategy for mitigating GVHD.
Evaluative criteria and user acceptance of internet-based financial transaction processing systems (2002)

The dissertation extended the Technology Acceptance Model2 (TAM2, Venkatesh and Davis, 2000) to include a measure of negative utility, perceived risk of service usage. It applied TAM2 to the e-payments research context for the first time. TAM2 is an evaluation model based on previous attitude-intentions literature, tuned for information systems research. It has been successfully utilized to measure the perceived positive gain in utility possible from adoption of an information system. 
Valence models (Lewin, 1944; Fishbein 1967, Peter and Tarpey, 1976) base evaluations on both desirable benefits (with positive valence) and undesirable costs (with negative valence). These models propose that if the benefits outweigh the costs resulting in a net positive valence the purchase will tend to be made. 
The dissertation provided initial evidence for the validity of including a measure of negative valence (a potential cost of system adoption) into TAM2. Several operationalizations of the construct product category inherent perceived risk were tested for construct validity within the TAM nomological net. 
Results indicated that perceived risk inhibited consumers' adoption intentions as well as perceptions of the usability, and usefulness of an e-billpay software service. Perceived usage risk also proved useful when used as a categorical variable to segment the sample. Different antecedents and inhibitors of perceived usefulness and adoption intention were found for low and high-risk perceivers. 
Linear regression, structural modeling, and ANOVA results were used to investigate the research questions and fit of perceived risk within the research model.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Derivatives of Xanthen-9-one-4-acetic Acid (2002)

Xanthen-9-one-4-acetic acid (XAA) analogues in which the substituents in positions 5 and 6 are included in cyclic structures are described. Direct in vitro toxicity of the synthesized compounds against four tumor cell lines was evaluated, and their ability to stimulate mouse peritoneal macrophages and human monocytes in culture to become tumoricidal (indirect toxicity) was also studied. Despite low direct toxicity, almost all the compounds proved to be able to significantly enhance the lytic properties of both murine macrophages and human monocytes as well as the parent compound XAA and its most active derivative DMXAA taken as reference. In particular, compounds 4a, 5a, 7a, 13a,b, and 16a,b showed higher activity than the lead compound on human monocytes, compound 7a being 2.5 times more active than DMXAA, which is the most potent compound synthesized so far. Moreover, compounds 4a, 5a, 7a, 13a, 16a, and 16b proved to be able to induce TNF production in human immune cells.
Synthesis of Ca(OH) <sub>2</sub> nanoparticles by wet chemical method (2010)

This Letter reports a process of preparation and characterisation of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles without using any surfactant. Ca(OH)2 is frequently used as precipitant, catalyst, paint, toxic-waste remediation agent, adsorbent and so on. To prepare stable Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles, a simple hydrolysis method was applied using Ca(NO3)2·4H2O as the precursor, aqueous NaOH as the precipitant and ethane-1,2-diol (ED) as the medium. The nanoparticles were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results showed that the nanoparticles are of about 47 nm in diameter and P3m1 hexagonal structure. The method is simple and effective so that nanoparticles are stable up to 45 days, confirmed by the XRD pattern.
Characterization of Polishing‐Related Surface Damage in (0001) Silicon Carbide Substrates (1995)

The nature and extent of surface damage in substrates prepared by mechanical polishing have been studied using backscattering of ultraviolet light and cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy. When the basal plane surface is prepared by lapping or polishing with large size diamond abrasives, the surface roughness is about one‐fifth the particle size, while the subsurface damage extends to a depth of about half the abrasive size. Under optimum conditions of particle size, vertical load, and relative rotation speed, the extent of subsurface damage can be minimized resulting in a nominally defect‐free specular surface exhibiting a uniform strained layer of less than 8 nm.
Beyond ‘NEET’ and ‘tidy’ pathways: considering the ‘missing middle’ of youth transition studies (2010)

Jones' (2002) discussion of polarised transitions and the ‘fast and slow lanes to adulthood’ espoused by Bynner et al. (2002) are good examples of how dualistic language often permeates youth transitions discourses. This often results in transitions research concentrating on a dichotomy of experience during the youth phase. The primary purpose of this article is to develop the argument for the inclusion of detailed documentation and analysis of the transitions of intermediate groups who fall between the lines of this dualism. These young people constitute a ‘missing middle’ in relation to youth studies and UK educational policy. To support this argument, the paper turns to the results of a qualitative study of 18–24-year-old, male, front-line, retail employees in the South-East of England to illustrate how some young people do not find themselves neatly situated on one side of such categorical cleavages. These young men are following neither a NEET (not in education, employment or training) pathway nor a ‘tidy’, government preferred, route through post-compulsory education. Thus, studying such seemingly ordinary young people can contribute towards developing a more holistic understanding of youth in the contemporary period.
Li<sub>7</sub>PS<sub>6</sub> and Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub><i>X</i> (<i>X</i>: Cl, Br, I): Possible Three‐dimensional Diffusion Pathways for Lithium Ions and Temperature Dependence of the Ionic Conductivity by Impedance Measurements (2011)

Abstract Possible three‐dimensional diffusion pathways of lithium ions in crystalline lithium argyrodites are discussed based on earlier studies of local dynamics and site preferences. The specific Li‐ionic conductivities of the lithium argyrodites Li 7 PS 6 and Li 6 PS 5 X ( X : Cl, Br, I) and their temperature dependences are measured by impedance spectroscopy using different electron‐blocking and ion‐blocking electrode systems. Measurements were carried out between 160 K and 550 K depending on the respective sample. Bulk and grain boundary contributions and the influence of sample preparation are discussed. Typical values for the ionic conductivities at room temperature are in the range 10 –7 to 10 –5 S · cm –1 and at 500 K between 10 –6 and 10 –3 S · cm –1 . Thermal activation energies are in the range 0.16 to 0.56 eV. The electronic conductivity at room temperature was measured by polarization measurements for the samples Li 6 PS 5 X ( X : Cl, Br) and was shown to be in the order of magnitude of 10 –8 S · cm –1 . Chemical diffusion coefficients of lithium were calculated based on the polarization measurements. For Li 6 PS 5 Br a high value of 3.5 × 10 –6 cm 2 · s –1 was found.
Maximum voltage variation in the power distribution network of VLSI circuits with RLC models (2002)

Article Share on Maximum voltage variation in the power distribution network of VLSI circuits with RLC models Authors: Sudhakar Bobba Sun Microsystems Inc., 901 San Antonio Road, M/S: USUN02-301, Palo Alto, CA Sun Microsystems Inc., 901 San Antonio Road, M/S: USUN02-301, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Ibrahim Hajj Department of ECE, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Department of ECE, American University of Beirut, Beirut, LebanonView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '01: Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 2001 Pages 376–381https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383186Published:06 August 2001Publication History 5citation268DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads268Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Structure-Activity Relationships of Different β-Lactam Antibiotics against a Soluble Form of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> PBP5, a Type II Bacterial Transpeptidase (2005)

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) catalyze the essential reactions in the biosynthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan from glycopeptide precursors. beta-Lactam antibiotics normally interfere with this process by reacting covalently with the active site serine to form a stable acyl-enzyme. The design of novel beta-lactams active against penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant organisms will require a better understanding of the molecular details of this reaction. To that end, we compared the affinities of different beta-lactam antibiotics to a modified soluble form of a resistant Enterococcus faecium PBP5 (Delta1-36 rPBP5). The soluble protein, Delta1-36 rPBP5, was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified, and the NH(2)-terminal protein sequence was verified by amino acid sequencing. Using beta-lactams with different R1 side chains, we show that azlocillin has greater affinity for Delta1-36 rPBP5 than piperacillin and ampicillin (apparent K(i) = 7 +/- 0.3 microM, compared to 36 +/- 3 and 51 +/- 10 microM, respectively). Azlocillin also exhibits the most rapid acylation rate (apparent k(2) = 15 +/- 4 M(-1) s(-1)). Meropenem demonstrates an affinity for Delta1-36 rPBP5 comparable to that of ampicillin (apparent K(i) = 51 +/- 15 microM) but is slower at acylating (apparent k(2) = 0.14 +/- 0.02 M(-1) s(-1)). This characterization defines important structure-activity relationships for this clinically relevant type II transpeptidase, shows that the rate of formation of the acyl-enzyme is an essential factor determining the efficacy of a beta-lactam, and suggests that the specific side chain interactions of beta-lactams could be modified to improve inactivation of resistant PBPs.
Modulation of cell migration and vessel formation by vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in cultured embryonic heart (1995)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimulate endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and vascular tube formation. We tested the hypotheses that these growth factors stimulate (1) cell migration and (2) assembly into cord-like structures in embryonic rat heart explants cultured on collagen gels. Atrial and ventricular explants from rat embryos at 12 (E12, avascular) and 14 (E14, early vascularization stage) days of gestation were cultured on a collagen substrate. Western blot analysis of the explants indicated that endogenous VEGF was present in both atria and ventricles during incubation. Addition of bFGF to E12 explants markedly increased cell migration, whereas VEGF had no significant effect. In E14 explants neither growth factor influenced cell migration. Cotreatment with VEGF and bFGF did not have a synergistic effect on the migration distance of cells from either E12 or E14 embryonic hearts. However, VEGF stimulated the appearance of cord-like structures in E14, but not E12, explants. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that these cord-like structures consist of elongated cells, some of which aggregate into clusters, or form tube-like structures, similar to capillaries. Serial sections of monolayers revealed that tube formation occurs beneath the surface of collagen gel. We conclude that in this model system VEGF and bFGF play distinct roles, at specific time points, in coronary vascular tube formation in the developing heart.
A two‐dimensional deformable phantom for quantitatively verifying deformation algorithms (2011)

The results presented here demonstrate the utility of the phantom for objectively verifying deformation algorithms and determining which is the most accurate. They also indicate that the phantom would benefit from more electron density heterogeneity. The reduction of the deformable anatomy to a two-dimensional system allows for the use of nonradiopaque markers, which do not influence deformation algorithms. This is the fundamental advantage of this verification technique.
A broad-band miniature dielectric-loaded personal telephone antenna - with low SAR (1999)

This paper describes a novel antenna type suitable for mobile telephone applications. It is a backfire fed, dielectric-loaded twisted loop antenna, that is designed to minimise the fields that are incident on the user's head. The dielectric loading of the antenna reduces the antenna size so that the electric dipoles are formed over a shorter distance, thereby further concentrating the fields into a region that is close to the antenna. The loop is twisted through 180 degrees to create a magnetic reversal half way up the vertical aspect of the antenna, thereby concentrating the magnetic fields into a small space. The region over which large eddy currents can be induced in the user's face is very significantly reduced. For these reasons and also due to the storage of electric field in the dielectric core rather than in the space around the antenna the proposed structure has a particularly low SAR characteristic. Finally methods of multi-banding and multi-moding the antennas are discussed. Ultimately it might be possible to make antennas, which operate over two non-contiguous cellular telephone bands with linear polarisation and also as GPS antennas with right hand circular polarisation.
Dynamic program updating in a distributed computer system (1988)

The authors present an approach to update a computer program dynamically (i.e., while it is executing). Such an approach is important in applications where the cost of stopping and restarting the program makes doing so impractical. The approach works with programs written in procedural languages such as Pascal, C, and Fortran, and it scales to a distributed computer system. The authors assume that computer programs are written in a top-down manner consistent with good software engineering practices. The also assume that the computer system logically provides a networkwide sparse virtual address space. The approach uses these assumptions to update computer programs in a distributed system with minimum interruption to the running program. An overview of the design and implementation of a prototype updating system is discussed, and future work is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nanomanipulation with 3D visual and force feedback using atomic force microscopes (2005)

Atomic force microscopes (AFM) have been widely used for nanomanipulation throughout the last decade. Due to the design of AFMs, forces exerted on the AFM-tip cannot be resolved in 3D and no visual feedback can be obtained during manipulation. In this paper, we present an augmented reality approach for nanomanipulation interfaces, in which nano-scale 3D topography and force information sensed by the AFM-probe are blended with real time simulations. The sample surface is modeled with a spline-based geometry model, upon which a collision detection algorithm determines, whether and how the spherical AFM-tip penetrates the surface. Based on these results, surface deformations can be simulated in real-time and - up to now impossible - decoupled 3D force sensing can be achieved.
Multiple sensor fusion for detecting location of curbs, walls, and barriers (2004)

Knowledge of the location of curbs, walls, or barriers is important for guidance of vehicles or for the understanding of their surroundings. We have developed a method to detect such continuous objects alongside and in front of a host vehicle. We employ a laser line stripper, a vehicle state estimator, a video camera, and a laser scanner to detect the object at one location, track it alongside the vehicle, search for it in front of the vehicle and eliminate erroneous readings caused by occlusion from other objects.
The Role of Gas‐Phase Reactions during Chemical Vapor Deposition of Copper from (hfac)Cu(tmvs) (1998)

The chemistry of copper chemical vapor deposition (Cu‐CVD) from the precursor (hfac)Cu(tmvs), where hfac = 1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoroacetylacetonate and tmvs = trimethylvinylsilane, on sputtered titanium nitride (TiN) films was investigated using a hot‐wall tube reactor. We found that gas‐phase reactions contribute to Cu deposition and there is negligible contribution of direct surface decomposition of source precursors. The weak Cu‐(tmvs) bond is cleaved by heating via gas‐phase reactions and the intermediate Cu(hfac) is the real film precursor. Film deposition in a macrocavity confirmed the presence of gas‐phase reactions, because film growth rates increased with increasing volume/surface ratio of the macrocavity. Above 180°C, gas‐phase reactions for producing the intermediate species is the rate‐limiting step and limits the growth rate. Below 145°C, the surface reaction of intermediates limits the growth rate. The rate constants of the gas‐phase and surface reactions are [1/s] and [m/s], respectively, where and T equals; temperature in kelvin. The growth rate profiles agree very well with those predicted using the reaction mechanism and rate constants obtained in this study. This reaction model and kinetic information can be used to optimize reactor design for uniform film growth.
Computer-aided King classification of scoliosis (2015)

Results indicate that the proposed computerized system can assist a surgeon with the King classification of scoliosis.
Understanding price volatility in electricity markets (2005)

The paper illustrates notions of volatility associated with power systems spot prices for electricity. The paper demonstrates a frequency-domain method useful to separate out periodic price variations from random variations. It then uses actual observed price data to estimate parameters such as volatility and the coefficient of mean reversion associated with the random variation of prices. It also examines spatial volatility of prices.
The influence of surface termination on the growth of copper clusters (2011)

Oxide-supported transition metal catalysts are widely used in a variety of heterogeneous catalytic processes. Knowledge of the interaction of metals with oxide surfaces provides an insight into the understanding of a broad variety of properties of the catalysts. However, relatively little is known about the interfaces due to lack of experimental evidence. In our work, the interaction between copper clusters and α-alumina (0001) surface was studied using the density functional theory. It is found that the outermost Al atoms are the energetically preferred adsorption sites for Cu n (n = 1–3) clusters. Little effort has been made to investigate the environmental effect of the adsorption of Cu clusters on the α-alumina (0001) surface. We examined adsorption of Cu clusters on fully hydroxylated α-alumina surface and compared the results with that of the clean surface. The surface hydroxylation greatly weakens the adhesion of Cu clusters to the substrate. On the other hand, a hydrogen spillover reaction takes place to strengthen the Cu surface binding. The Cu–alumina system may serve as a prototype interface to help us gain knowledge of the growth pathway of supported metal clusters.