gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amorphous Semiconductors For Microelectronics (1986)

It is now clear that amorphous materials will be the basis of the next great advance in microelectronics. In this paper, I intend to show why the field of microelectronics is presently in a state of crisis, and therefore historically ripe for a basic new approach. I will discuss how our approach using amorphous semiconductors will not only solve the crisis but also spur a new revolution, with the potential of the one of almost 40 years ago. The solid-state revolution, which began in 1947 with the invention of the transistor, was made possible by the ability to make crystalline materials (at that time, germanium) sufficiently free of defects that substitutional dopants could overcome the background noise of other defects and control the electronic transport properties of the semiconductor. Since the early 1930's Bloch, Wilson, and others had laid a sufficient theoretical groundwork in semiconductors so that transistor action could be predicted, demonstrated, and understood even though the point contact transistor had many mysteries associated with it. Figure 1 shows that historical lever that moved the world, the first transistor.
Loss-of-Function Analysis Suggests That<i>Omi/HtrA2</i>Is Not an Essential Component of the<i>pink1/parkin</i>Pathway<i>In Vivo</i> (2008)

Recently, a mutation in the mitochondrial protease Omi/HtrA2, G399S, was found in sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, leading to the designation of Omi/HtrA2 as PD locus 13 (PARK13). G399S reportedly results in reduced Omi protease activity. In vitro studies have suggested that Omi/HtrA2 acts downstream of PINK1, mutations in which mediate recessive forms of PD. We, as well as other, have previously shown that the Drosophila homologs of the familial PD genes, PINK1 (PARK6) and PARKIN (PARK2), function in a common genetic pathway to regulate mitochondrial integrity and dynamics. Whether Omi/HtrA2 regulates mitochondrial integrity and whether it acts downstream of PINK1 in vivo remain to be explored. Here, we show that Omi/HtrA2 null mutants in Drosophila, in contrast to pink1 or parkin null mutants, do not show mitochondrial morphological defects. Extensive genetic interaction studies do not provide support for models in which Omi/HtrA2 functions in the same genetic pathway as pink1, or carries out partially redundant functions with pink1, at least with respect to regulation of mitochondrial integrity and dynamics. Furthermore, Omi/HtrA2 G399S retains significant, if not full, function of Omi/HtrA2, compared with expression of protease-compromised versions of the protein. In light of recent findings showing that G399S can be found at comparable frequencies in PD patients and healthy controls, we do not favor a hypothesis in which Omi/HtrA2 plays an essential role in PD pathogenesis, at least with respect to regulation of mitochondrial integrity in the pink1/parkin pathway.
Proximity-Proof (2018)

Mobile two-factor authentication (2FA) has become commonplace along with the popularity of mobile devices. Current mobile 2FA solutions all require some form of user effort which may seriously affect the experience of mobile users, especially senior citizens or those with disability such as visually impaired users. In this paper, we propose Proximity-Proof, a secure and usable mobile 2FA system without involving user interactions. Proximity-Proof automatically transmits a user's 2FA response via inaudible OFDM-modulated acoustic signals to the login browser. We propose a novel technique to extract individual speaker and microphone fingerprints of a mobile device to defend against the powerful man-in-the-middle (MiM) attack. In addition, Proximity-Proof explores two-way acoustic ranging to thwart the co-located attack. To the best of our knowledge, Proximity-Proof is the first mobile 2FA scheme resilient to the MiM and co-located attacks. We empirically analyze that Proximity-Proof is at least as secure as existing mobile 2FA solutions while being highly usable. We also prototype Proximity-Proof and confirm its high security, usability, and efficiency through comprehensive user experiments.
Structure of Sputtered a-Si<SUB>1&minus;<I>X</I></SUB>C<I><SUB>X</SUB></I> Films (1987)

An a-Si1−XCX film is very interesting material from a viewpoint of an atomic structure, since the carbon atom has two kinds of coordination numbers (three-fold for the graphite structure and four-fold for the diamond structure). The purpose of this study is to investigate the atomic structure of a-Si1−XCX films.a-Si1−XCX films (0≤X≤0.5) were deposited onto (001) silicon wafers by rf planar magnetron sputtering with composite targets which consist of silicon and graphite. The structures of these films were investigated by IR absorption measurements, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron diffraction, and also the atomic arrengements of a few atomic layers at the surface by reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED).It is shown from IR measurements, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron diffraction that the carbon atoms are distributed uniformly in these films and that the coordination number of carbon atoms is four-fold in the carbon mole fraction range of 0≤X≤0.5. The positions of halo peaks observed in RHEED profiles differ from those observed in X-ray and transmission electron diffraction profiles. From a comparison of these data it can be considered that the distance between the nearest neighbor atoms at the surface is longer than that in the film, and also from the distorted micro-crystalline model it is suggested that the structure in the surface layer is more distorted than in the film.
[Establishment and characterization of a human cholangiocellular carcinoma cell line]. (1988)

A cell line, HuH-28 was established in vitro from a patient with cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC). This cell line has been in continuous culture over 10 month period with slow growth potential. HuH-28 was composed of spindle-shaped cells as major population besides a small percentage of polygonal-shaped cells. Chromosome number of the cells were distributed near the hypotriploid region on the 3rd passage. HuH-28 cells were not transplantable into nude mice, but secreted some tumor markers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), beta 2-microglobulin (BMG), ferritin, elastase-1 and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). This HuH-28 cell line will represent a good model for the investigation of carcinogenesis, histogenesis+ and diagnosis of CCC.
A wide pull range hybrid VCSO for optical transmission networks (2003)

The new optical network standard SONET (synchronous optical network) requires a high-performance, low-cost VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) at the line rate of 622.08 Mb/s. A voltage-controlled SAW (surface acoustic wave) oscillator (VCSO) was designed to meet these requirements. It contains a hybrid integrated circuit with a small number of readily available discrete components and a quartz SAW resonator. Traditionally, a SAW delay line has been used to obtain a wide tuning range with an associated penalty in noise performance. The VCSO circuit design makes a wide tuning range possible with good noise performance. An output power level of +10 dBm can be obtained with a +12-V supply at 60 mA. A total frequency pull range of 1.8 MHz (2800 ppm) and a phase-noise level of -110 dBc at 1 kHz away from the carrier have been obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Paradigm Shift in Therapeutic Modalities for Devastating Ocular Surface Disorders (2009)

This review summarizes four different kinds of therapeutic modalities for the treatment of devastating ocular surface disorders: the biologic approach, the immunologic approach, the microbiologic approach, and the combined and integrated approach. In the biologic approach, cultivated corneal epithelial stem cell transplantation, an advanced form of conventional limbal transplantation, is now considered the surgical modality of choice for limbal deficiency; autologous cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation is also widely recognized. For the immunologic approach, immunosuppressive treatment and/or keratoepithelioplasty are very effective for treating peripheral corneal ulcers, including Mooren's ulcer. For the microbiologic approach, the management of commensal bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes, and especially its elimination from the meibomian gland, is essential for the treatment of meibomitis-related keratoconjunctivitis. Finally, the combined approach is the only known means successfully to treat Stevens-Johnson syndrome because of the associated disordered innate immunity with corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency.
Risk genotypes in folate‐dependent enzymes and their association with methotrexate‐related side effects in rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

These data suggest that a composite index of the cumulative risk genotypes in folate-dependent enzymes may be an effective means of profiling RA patients who develop side effects to MTX.
Microarray analysis of trophoblast differentiation: gene expression reprogramming in key gene function categories (2001)

Placental development results from a highly dynamic differentiation program. We used DNA microarray analysis to characterize the process by which human cytotrophoblast cells differentiate into syncytiotrophoblast cells in a purified cell culture system. Of 6,918 genes analyzed, 141 genes were induced and 256 were downregulated by more than 2-fold. Dynamically regulated genes were divided by the K-means algorithm into 9 kinetic pattern groups, then by biologic classification into 6 overall functional categories: cell and tissue structural dynamics, cell cycle and apoptosis, intercellular communication, metabolism, regulation of gene expression, and expressed sequence tag (EST) and function unknown. Gene expression changes within key functional categories were tightly coupled to morphological changes. In several key gene function categories, such as cell and tissue structure, many gene members of the category were strongly activated while others were strongly repressed. These findings suggest that differentiation is augmented by "categorical reprogramming" in which the function of induced genes is enhanced by preventing the further synthesis of categorically related gene products.
Electronics for Extreme Environments (2001)

Most of the NASA missions involve extreme environments comprising radiation and low or high temperatures. Current practice of providing friendly ambient operating environment to electronics costs considerable power and mass (for shielding). Immediate missions such as the Europa orbiter and lander and Mars landers require the electronics to perform reliably in extreme conditions during the most critical part of the mission. Some other missions planned in the future also involve substantial surface activity in terms of measurements, sample collection, penetration through ice and crust and the analysis of samples. Thus it is extremely critical to develop electronics that could reliably operate under extreme space environments. Silicon On Insulator (SOI) technology is an extremely attractive candidate for NASA's future low power and high speed electronic systems because it offers increased transconductance, decreased sub-threshold slope, reduced short channel effects, elimination of kink effect, enhanced low field mobility, and immunity from radiation induced latch-up. A common belief that semiconductor devices function better at low temperatures is generally true for bulk devices but it does not hold true for deep sub-micron SOI CMOS devices with microscopic device features of 0.25 micrometers and smaller. Various temperature sensitive device parameters and device characteristics have recently been reported in the literature. Behavior of state of the art technology devices under such conditions needs to be evaluated in order to determine possible modifications in the device design for better performance and survivability under extreme environments. Here, we present a unique approach of developing electronics for extreme environments to benefit future NASA missions as described above. This will also benefit other long transit/life time missions such as the solar sail and planetary outposts in which electronics is out open in the unshielded space at the ambient space temperatures and always exposed to radiation. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.
Synthesis of 2-<u>ax</u>-Fluoro-2-<u>eq</u>-Hydroxymethyl-2-Deoxymyoinositol (1986)

Abstract An efficient synthesis of 2-ax-fluoro-2-eq-hydroxymethyl-2-deoxymyoinositol (6) is described.
Antireactive properties of glucosamine sulfate. (1991)

Glucosamine (CAS 3416-24-8) is an aminomonosaccharide naturally occurring in the human body. It was tested for antiinflammatory activities and it showed to protect against the edema provoked in the rat paw by carrageenin, dextran, formalin, but not against the edema provoked by specific inflammation mediators, such as bradykinin, serotonin, histamine. Glucosamine protected against pleurities provoked in the rat by carrageenin, but not against that provoked by bradykinin. Furthermore glucosamine protected against peritonitis provoked in the rat by formalin and in the mouse by acetic acid. Glucosamine did not show antinoceptive properties against writings provoked by i.p. phenylquinone in the mouse. Glucosamine did not show inhibiting activities on cyclooxygenase or on the proteolytic enzymes in the inflamed paw of the rat, but it was able to inhibit in vitro superoxide generation and lysosomial enzymes of the liver. The potency of glucosamine on the antiinflammatory tests was lower than that of acetylsalicylic acid and much lower than that of indomethacin. Its acute toxicity, however, and notably the toxicity on the gastrointestinal tract is very low, practically absent. The pharmacological therapeutic index of glucosamine with regard to the antiinflammatory activities seems therefore comparable or superior to that of the known non-steroidal anti-inflammatories.
유통 업태별 소비자 선택 - 대형할인점과 재래시장을 중심으로 - (2006)

우리나라의 유통산업은 1996년 유통시장 개방을 전후하여 다양한 신업태가 출현하기 시작하였다. 신유통업태는 가격과 쇼핑환경등의 변수로 소비자의 후생증대나 국내 유통산업의 효율성을 증진시키고 있다. 또한 최근 변화하고 있는 소비자의 쇼핑욕구를 충족시킴으로써 소비활성화를 가져오는 등의 긍정적 효과를 가져오고 있지만, 그러나 반대급부로서 기존 대표적 유통업체인...
Age‐dependent effects of <i>APOE</i> ε4 in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (2016)

Our findings indicate that in clinically normal individuals, APOE ε4 status significantly predicts progression to MCI or AD across older adulthood and that this risk varies with age. This information will be useful as therapeutic interventions become available and clinical decisions can be individually tailored based on age and genetic data.
Fast optical measurement of nonuniform electric field vector mapping in a dielectric liquid (2003)

We have been carried out the measurement of three-dimensional nonuniform electric field distributions using Kerr electrooptic measurement with a reconstruction technique. A conventional optical system was composed of a He-Ne laser, a polarizer, a quarter-wave plate, an experimental cell, an analyzer, and a photo-detector. For the measurement of a field vector by the system, it was necessary to measure light intensity twice with changing the optical axis of three optical wedges, i.e., the polarizer, the quarter-wave plate and the analyzer. Therefore it took considerable time to measure the electric field distribution. So, we improved the optical system. For the improvement, new expression of the relationship between measured light intensity and a phase shift due to Kerr effect was derived. The optical system improved made it possible that the electric field distribution was measured faster. The measured distributions were compared with the theoretical ones calculated by analytical method, and they corresponded well.
Liquid Silicone Rubber Vulcanizates: Network Structure - Property Relationship and Cure Kinetics (2010)

Liquid silicone rubber (LSR) vulcanizates have been prepared from vinyl-end capped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polymethylhydrogenosiloxane (PMHS) in presence of platinum catalyst using solution casting technique. The science involving synthesis of usable silicone rubber by curing with polymethylhydrogenosiloxane has been studied in details. The effects of vinyl content of PDMS and the ratio of hydride crosslinker to vinyl concentration on crosslink density, mechanical, dynamic-mechanical and thermal properties have been discussed. It has been found that at optimum level of crosslinker, the LSR vulcanizate shows a maximum crosslink density with highest improvement in mechanical and thermal properties. The amount of crosslinker required, depends upon the number of vinyl functionality per unit length of the polymer chain and the chemical composition of the hydride crosslinker. This study makes a novel attempt to determine cure kinetics of PDMS by using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Measurements have been done at three different temperatures and found to follow the first order reaction with respect to consumption of vinyl (C=C) and silyl hydride groups (Si-H). The activation energy and kinetic parameters have been determined as well.
W2W permanent stacking for 3D system integration (2014)

In this paper, we present advances in 300mm wafer-to-wafer (W2W) oxide-oxide bonding for high density 3D interconnect application. A CMOS compatible low temperature oxide-oxide bonding method has been developed which yields consistent void-free bonding. In addition, sub-micron W2W alignment accuracy has been demonstrated with standalone test materials using an integrated permanent bonding platform.
Frequency Domain Face Recognition (2007)

section will be detail conclusions about the current state of face recognition including further future work to pursue for solving the remaining challenges that currently exist.
Advances in short range radar (2006)

Short range UWB radar systems have significantly improved in capability over the last few years. Availability of high performance, low cost RF and processing components has delivered a number of improvements: multiple functions can be offered from a single system; size and power consumption has been reduced which in turn has led to lighter weight systems; and simplification of the RF front end. Ability to offer 3D location of scattering responses provides a significant advantage in fusion with video devices. Additional processing power has led to increased interest in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques for ground based radar systems.
Operation Brain Trauma Therapy: 2016 Update (2018)

Operation brain trauma therapy (OBTT) is a multi-center, pre-clinical drug and biomarker screening consortium for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Therapies are screened across three rat models (parasagittal fluid percussion injury, controlled cortical impact [CCI], and penetrating ballistic-like brain injury). Operation brain trauma therapy seeks to define therapies that show efficacy across models that should have the best chance in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and/or to define model-dependent therapeutic effects, including TBI protein biomarker responses, to guide precision medicine-based clinical trials in targeted pathologies. The results of the first five therapies tested by OBTT (nicotinamide, erythropoietin, cyclosporine [CsA], simvastatin, and levetiracetam) were published in the Journal of Neurotrauma. Operation brain trauma therapy now describes preliminary results on four additional therapies (glibenclamide, kollidon-VA64, AER-271, and amantadine). To date, levetiracetam was beneficial on cognitive outcome, histology, and/or biomarkers in two models. The second most successful drug, glibenclamide, improved motor function and histology in CCI. Other therapies showed model-dependent effects (amantadine and CsA). Critically, glial fibrillary acidic protein levels predicted treatment effects. Operation brain trauma therapy suggests that levetiracetam merits additional pre-clinical and clinical evaluation and that glibenclamide and amantadine merit testing in specific TBI phenotypes. Operation brain trauma therapy has established that rigorous, multi-center consortia could revolutionize TBI therapy and biomarker development.
Adaptive congestion control for hotspot management in structured peer-to-peer systems (2004)

Distributed hash tables (DHT) bring the promise of increased availability of data to wide-area systems, under the assumption of uniform request load. However, they do not intrinsically offer protection against the hotspot phenomenon, when an item suddenly becomes popular and the node hosting the item must handle a high surge in demand. Therefore, most DHT-based systems employ techniques such as path caching or caching on the client to alleviate this problem. In this paper, we analyze the efficiency of path caching for DHT that offer convergence of routing paths, and compare it to probabilistic forwarding and congestion control techniques, which help balance the load among the nodes holding caches, while also providing superior availability and reducing the number of denied requests. We show that probabilistic forwarding can simultaneously reduce the request drop rate and the number of caches. We compare four algorithms for probabilistic forwarding and conclude that geometric and adaptive mechanisms are superior to the other approaches.
The Red Badge of Research (And the Yellow, Blue, and Green Badges, Too) (2017)

Psi Chi is the International Honor So ci ety in Psychology, found ed in 1929.Its mission: "recognizing and promoting excellence in the science and application of psy chol ogy." (Note.Our new mission statement is available at http://www.psichi.org/?page=purpose)Mem ber ship is open to undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and alumni mak ing the study of psy chol ogy one of their major interests and who meet Psi Chi's min i mum qual i fi ca tions.Psi Chi is a member of the As so cia tion of Col lege Honor So ci et ies (ACHS), and is an affiliate of the Ameri can Psy cho logi cal As so cia tion (APA) and the Association for Psy cho log i cal Science (APS).Psi Chi's sister honor society is Psi Beta, the na tion al honor society in psychology for com mu nity and junior colleges.Psi Chi functions as a federation of chap ters located at over 1,100 senior col leg es and universities around the world.The Psi Chi Central Office is lo cat ed in Chatta nooga, Ten nessee.A Board of Directors, com posed of psy chol o gy faculty who are Psi Chi members and who are elect ed by the chapters, guides the affairs of the Or ga ni za tion and sets pol i cy with the ap prov al of the chap ters.Psi Chi membership provides two major opportunities.The first of these is ac a dem ic rec og ni tion to all in duc tees by the mere fact of mem ber ship.The sec ond is the opportunity of each of the Society's local chapters to nourish and stim u late the pro fes sion al growth of all members through fellowship and activities de signed to augment and en hance the reg u lar cur ric u lum.In addition, the Or ga ni za tion provides programs to help achieve these goals including con ven tions, research awards and grants competitions, and publication opportunities.
Ruthenium-Based Four-Coordinate Olefin Metathesis Catalysts (2000)

A series of four-coordinate RuII alkylidenes (see scheme for an example) has been prepared as analogues of the proposed olefin metathesis intermediate [(PCy3)Cl2Ru=CHPh]. These complexes exhibit unusual trigonal-pyramidal solid-state geometries, and are rendered highly active for ring-closing metathesis by the addition of HCl.