gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selectins: physiological and pathophysiological roles (1997)

Conference Article| November 01 1997 Selectins: physiological and pathophysiological roles M. I. Bird; M. I. Bird 1Glycobiology Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoWellcome R&D Ltd., Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, SG1 2NY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. R. Foster; M. R. Foster 1Glycobiology Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoWellcome R&D Ltd., Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, SG1 2NY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. Priest; R. Priest 1Glycobiology Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoWellcome R&D Ltd., Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, SG1 2NY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. Malhotra R. Malhotra 1Glycobiology Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoWellcome R&D Ltd., Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, SG1 2NY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: June 27 1997 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (4): 1199–1206. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0251199 Article history Received: June 27 1997 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. I. Bird, M. R. Foster, R. Priest, R. Malhotra; Selectins: physiological and pathophysiological roles. Biochem Soc Trans 1 November 1997; 25 (4): 1199–1206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0251199 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: CLA, cutaneous lymphocyte antigen, GlyCAM-1, glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule 1, HEV, high endothelial venule, LPS, lipopolysaccharide, PSGL-1, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1, sLex, sialyl Lewis X This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
GaAs-Ga1-<i>x</i>Al<i>x</i>As double-heterostructure injection lasers with distributed Bragg reflectors (1976)

Laser oscillation in injection-pumped GaAs-Ga1−xAlxAs double-heterostructure distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers is reported. Current threshold density as low as 890 A/cm2 in pulsed operation has been obtained at 183 °K. In this laser diode, the corrugations are placed outside the active part of the laser in the form of an end pair of parallel Bragg reflectors. The observed characteristics of the DBR lasers are found to agree well with the theory.
Direct repeat sequences are implicated in the regulation of two Streptomyces chitinase promoters that are subject to carbon catabolite control. (1992)

We report the identification and partial characterization of the promoters for two chitinase genes from Streptomyces plicatus. Chitinases are a family of enzymes made by Streptomyces and other soil microbes to digest chitin, an abundant source of carbon and nitrogen in the soil. The promoter regions of two chitinases were defined by using transcriptional fusions to the xylE reporter gene. Transcription was shown to be glucose-sensitive and chitin-dependent. Each promoter contains a putative RNA polymerase binding site with a recognition sequence very similar to that observed in many eubacterial vegetatively expressed genes. In both promoters, a pair of 12-base-pair direct repeat sequences overlap the putative RNA polymerase binding sites. Further analysis of one of the promoters revealed that a single-base change within the direct repeat sequences resulted in glucose-resistant, chitin-independent expression in vivo. In addition, the promoter region that includes the direct repeat sequences was shown to interact with a sequence-specific DNA binding factor in vitro. Similar direct repeat sequences are present in other chitinase genes recently characterized, and we suggest that these repeats may be involved in repression and induction for this entire class of catabolite-controlled genes.
Effect of Ischemia on the In Vivo Release of Striatal Dopamine, Glutamate, and γ‐Aminobutyric Acid Studied by Intracerebral Microdialysis (1988)

We have previously described a marked attenuation of postischemic striatal neuronal death by prior substantia nigra (SN) lesioning. The present study was carried out to evaluate whether the protective effect of the lesion involves changes in the degree of local cerebral blood flow (ICBF) reduction, energy metabolite depletion, or alterations in the extracellular release of striatal dopamine (DA), glutamate (Glu), or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Control and SN-lesioned rats were subjected to 20 min of forebrain ischemia by four-vessel occlusion combined with systemic hypotension. Levels of ICBF, as measured by the autoradiographic method, and energy metabolites were uniformly reduced in both the ipsi- and contralateral striata at the end of the ischemic period, a finding implying that the lesion did not affect the severity of the ischemic insult itself. Extracellular neurotransmitter levels were measured by microdialysis; the perfusate was collected before, during, and after ischemia. An approximately 500-fold increase in DA content, a 7-fold increase in Glu content, and a 5-fold increase in GABA content were observed during ischemia in nonlesioned animals. These levels gradually returned to baseline by 30 min of reperfusion. In SN-lesioned rats, the release of DA was completely prevented, the release of GABA was not affected, and the release of Glu was partially attenuated. However, excessive extracellular Glu concentrations were still attained, which are potentially toxic. This, taken together with the previous neuropathological findings, suggests that excessive release of DA is important for the development of ischemic cell damage in the striatum.
PERITROPHIC MATRIX STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION (1997)

Formed of proteins, glycoproteins, and chitin microfibrils in a proteoglycan matrix, the peritrophic matrix (PM) separates the food from the midgut epithelium in most but not all insects. A PM occurs in two forms. A type I PM is delaminated from the entire midgut epithelium and, in some cases, may only be formed in response to feeding and the type of meal ingested. A type II PM is produced by a specialized region of the anterior midgut called the cardia and forms a continuous sleeve (or sleeves) that is always present. As it is positioned between food and midgut epithelium, the PM plays key roles in the intestinal biology of the insect. The PM may protect the midgut epithelium from mechanical damage and insult from pathogens and toxins; it must act as a semipermeable membrane regulating passage of molecules between the different midgut compartments; and it may separate the midgut lumen into different, physiologically significant compartments.
An approach to the correlation of security events based on machine learning techniques (2013)

Organizations face the ever growing challenge of providing security within their IT infrastructures. Static approaches to security, such as perimetral defense, have proven less than effective — and, therefore, more vulnerable — in a new scenario characterized by increasingly complex systems and by the evolution and automation of cyber attacks. Moreover, dynamic detection of attacks through IDSs (Instrusion Detection Systems) presents too many false positives to be effective. This work presents an approach on how to collect and normalize, as well as how to fuse and classify, security alerts. This approach involves collecting alerts from different sources and normalizes them according to standardized structures — IDMEF (Intrusion Detection Message Exchange Format). The normalized alerts are grouped into meta-alerts (fusion, or clustering), which are later classified using machine learning techniques into attacks or false alarms. We validate and report an implementation of this approach against the DARPA Challenge and the Scan of the Month, using three different classifications — SVMs, Bayesian Networks and Decision Trees — having achieved high levels of attack detection with little false positives. Our results also indicate that our approach outperforms other works when it comes to detecting new kinds of attacks, making it more suitable to a world of evolving attacks.
Page grammars and page parsing. A syntactic approach to document layout recognition (2002)

Describes a syntactic approach to deducing the logical structure of printed documents from their physical layout. Page layout is described by a two-dimensional grammar, similar to a context-free string grammar, and a chart parser is used to parse segmented page images according to the grammar. This process is part of a system which reads scanned document images and produces computer-readable text in a logical mark-up format such as SGML. The system is briefly outlined, the grammar formalism and the parsing algorithm are described in detail, and some experimental results are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Performance of a general asymmetric unstable Nd: glass ring laser (1986)

Performance of a Nd:glass unstable ring laser is discussed in relation to the size of the mode suppressing aperture and the spacing between the focusing elements. It is shown that the discrimination ratio of the two counterpropagating beams can be considerably increased by using appropriate nonconfocal geometries.
THE MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE BREAKING CRACKS BY THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ACPD/ACFM (1994)

Abstract— The successful implementation of a fracture mechanics approach to the in‐service structural integrity assessment of welded and machined components requires an accurate and reliable NDT method for detecting and sizing surface breaking cracks. This paper discusses and compares the crack depth sizing abilities of two theoretically‐based NDT techniques: alternating current potential difference (ACPD) and alternating current field measurement (ACFM). Surface fatigue cracks of high and low aspect ratio are used in the investigation. It is demonstrated that ACPD is capable of accurately sizing long shallow cracks and that ACFM provides accurate crack depth predictions for small deep cracks.
The palladium(II) catalyzed olefin carbonylation reaction. Mechanisms and synthetic utility (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe palladium(II) catalyzed olefin carbonylation reaction. Mechanisms and synthetic utilityD. E. James and J. K. StilleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 7, 1810–1823Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00423a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00423a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1768Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cross-species colour segmenting: A novel tool in human karyotype analysis (1998)

We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes derived from bivariate fluorescence activated flow sorting of primate chromosomes. In cases where human and primate karyotypes differ by chromosome rearrangements, reverse painting of primate probes resulted in a subregional delineation of the human homologous chromosomes. Probes were used from two gibbon species (Hylobates concolor and H. syndactylus) which both showed highly rearranged karyotypes. Hybridization of human chromosomes with painting probes derived from both gibbons showed that, with the exception of human chromosomes 15, 18, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, each chromosome was differentiated in at least two and up to six segments. These probes have been used in the analysis of various cases of constitutional chromosomal rearrangements in human pathology including complex intrachromosomal rearrangements. They were also used in a multi colour format (colour segmenting) to differentiate the entire human karyotype into 81 homologous coloured segments with probes derived from H. concolor, and 74 segments with probes derived from H. syndactylus. The addition of colours not only simplifies chromosome identification compared to the analysis of classical banding based on grey values, but colour segmenting also provides simple coloured landmarks for further fine analysis by classical banding.
BOLA (BolA Family Member 3) Deficiency Controls Endothelial Metabolism and Glycine Homeostasis in Pulmonary Hypertension (2019)

BOLA3 acts as a crucial lynchpin connecting Fe-S-dependent oxidative respiration and glycine homeostasis with endothelial metabolic reprogramming critical to PH pathogenesis. These results provide a molecular explanation for the clinical associations linking PH with hyperglycinemic syndromes and mitochondrial disorders. These findings also identify novel metabolic targets, including those involved in epigenetics, Fe-S biogenesis, and glycine biology, for diagnostic and therapeutic development.
Linewidth-broadened Fabry–Perot cavities within future gravitational wave detectors (2004)

The bandwidth of LIGO-like terrestrial interferometric gravitational wave detectors is set by the pole of the Fabry–Perot cavities within the arms of the Michelson interferometer. This constraint arises because the gain of gravitational wave-induced signal sidebands is limited to frequencies within the linewidth of the cavities. The nature of standard Fabry–Perot cavities is such that one cannot independently adjust for increased gain without suffering a loss of bandwidth. If these quantities could be decoupled, the resulting improvement in bandwidth may lead to viable high frequency detectors. A pair of anti-parallel diffraction gratings within a Fabry–Perot cavity can increase the bandwidth of a LIGO-scale detector by a factor of ≈1000.
Electromigration in Al/Si contacts&#8212;Induced open-circuit failure (1986)

Open-circuit failures caused by electromigration in Al/Si contacts are studied. This failure mode is associated with Al depletion or vacancy condensation over the entire position contact area. The contacts exhibiting this failure are those closest to bonding pads. This location preference is attributed to vacancy supplies associated with the large bonding pad. The current acceleration factor for electromigration open failure is found to be 2.5 ± 0.5 and the activation energy is 0.5 ± 0.1 eV. Our empirical data suggests that, for operating temperatures below about 100°C, open-circuit failure will be dominant over junction leakage failure.
[Which way for the administration of alpha 2-adrenergic agents to obtain the best analgesia?]. (1994)

Mechanisms of the analgesic actions of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are likely related to various modulating systems of nociceptive neurotransmission, especially those dependent on opiate receptors. Analgesic action of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists implies alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, strategically located on the dorsal horn neurones of the spinal cord to inhibit the release of substance P in response to peripheral stimuli. However, these receptors are included in the control that supraspinal sites exert via the descending medullospinal noradrenergic pathway. Because of its high lipophilic structure, alpha 2-adrenergic agonist can easily penetrate into the central nervous system, reproducing the effects of activation of medullospinal noradrenergic pathway. Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists have been found to be efficient in human pain treatment after systemic, spinal or troncular administration, but there were few randomized clinical studies comparing analgesia potency and adverse effects of either systemic or regional administrations. Clonidine added to local anaesthetic agents increases the analgesic effects in a greater extent than systemic administration of similar dose, probably because this effect depends on the local clonidine concentration. Extradural administration of clonidine is also more efficient than systemic administration, at least when high doses are injected. This superiority is questionable when low-dose clonidine is used. Adverse effects are quite similar in both systemic and spinal routes. Invasiveness of extradural route may be considered in regard to the gain which may be expected in analgesia efficiency.
Diameter growth equations for fourteen tree species in Southwest Oregon (1991)

Equations are presented that predict individual-tree 5-year diameter growth,
outside bark, for 14 tree species in southwest Oregon. The data used to develop the
equations came from 19,245 trees sampled from 391 stands in the study area. These
equations express diameter growth as a function of diameter at breast height, crown
ratio, site index, total stand basal area, and stand basal area in trees with diameters
larger than the subject tree's diameter. The parameters of the equations were
estimated by using weighted, nonlinear regression.
Stacking SRAM banks for ultra low power standby mode operation (2010)

On-chip SRAM caches have come to dominate the total chip area and leakage power consumed in state-of-the-art microprocessor designs. Such large memories are necessary to attain high performance, however it is critical to minimize the idle currents drawn while these SRAM banks are inactive. This work proposes a novel voltage reduction technique to reduce SRAM leakage power during the standby mode. The design employs an implicit voltage reduction method that "stacks" SRAM banks in series while these blocks are inactive. No explicit DC/DC converters are required to achieve the reduced voltages, which leads to large area reductions over techniques requiring on-chip regulation circuits. This stacking technique reduces the voltage on each block close to the absolute data retention voltage (DRV) of each cell, and achieves a maximum leakage power reduction of 93% from the active power mode. Simulation results show the stability of the scheme around corners, process variations, and on-chip noise.
Post‐Synthetic Treatment and Modification of Zeolites (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Direct Synthesis of Zeolites Post-synthetic Treatment and Modification of Zeolites Summary and Outlook Acknowledgments References
GPS assisted adhoc routing using cellphones for poorly connected areas (2010)

We describe the design and implementation of an adhoc routing protocol that allows users to transmit their data in poorly-connected areas. This protocol is based on the following observation: while the wireless communication infrastructure (WiFi or cellular) is poor in developing countries, the number of WiFi-enabled mobile devices is rapidly increasing even in rural areas of these countries. Furthermore, most of these devices are GPS-enabled or have mechanisms to determine their current location (latitude and longitude). The protocol builds an adhoc wireless network using these mobile devices, and uses location information of these devices to route data packets to a close-by node that is connected to the Internet. This node can be an IP router, a cellphone that has Internet connection, or an Internet kiosk.
Parametric generation and amplification in micro-structured fibers (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Dogariu, J. Fan, and L. J. Wang, "Parametric generation and amplification in micro-structured fibers," in Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications, Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2004), paper WB3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Catalytic Diboration of Aldehydes via Insertion into the Copper−Boron Bond (2006)

Mesitaldehyde reacts cleanly with (IPr)CuB(pin) [IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene); pin = 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-butanediolate] to afford the product complex 1, the first well-defined product of carbonyl group insertion into a metal-boron bond. Analysis of 1 by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates the formation of a copper-carbon and a boron-oxygen bond. A copper(I) precatalyst supported by the less sterically demanding ligand ICy (1,3-dicyclohexylimidazol-2-ylidene) achieves the efficient 1,2-diboration of aryl-, heteroaryl-, and alkyl-substituted aldehydes at room temperature.
The Gaseous Carburisation of Austenitic Steels (1979)

Abstract The paper is concerned with the corrosion behaviour of materials in high temperature gaseous carburisation environments and initially reviews the current ‘state‐of‐the‐art’ in this field. Results of investigations carried out on three 25 Cr‐20 Ni steels exposed to carburising H 2 ‐CH 4 mixtures with a controlled carbon activity of 0.8 at 825°C and 1000°C are then presented. Kinetic data for exposure periods of up to 1100 hours are given and it is shown that gross carburisation of these alloys has occurred after only short exposures at 1000°C. The importance of alloy composition and surface condition, particularly during exposure at 825°C, is demonstrated. The results of surface and cross‐sectional examinations using a range of optical, electron and X‐ray techniques are reported. The use of a nuclear microprobe technique has enabled accurate carbon concentration profiles to be established and diffusion coefficients for the three alloys have been determined. In addition, the use of a magnetic technique for the non‐destructive monitoring of the extent of sub‐surface carburisation has been investigated.
Gram : A Graph Data Model and Query Language (1992)

We present a model for data organized as graphs. Regular expressions over the types of the node and edge labels are used to qualify connected subgraphs. An algebraic language based on these regular expressions and supporting a restricted form of recursion is introduced. A natural application of this model and its query language is hypertext querying. 1 Introduction Recent database [13, 5] research work shows a growing interest in the definition of graph models and languages to allow a natural way of handling data appearing in applications such as hypertext or geographic database systems. Standard data models are often inefficient as they do not capture the inherent structure of data representing hypertext documents [4, 7, 18] or networks (highways, rivers, : : : ) [12]. In this paper, we present a graph data model. Its application to hypertext querying is illustrated by an example of a travel agency that organizes journeys. We think of a hypertext as a directed labeled graph where t...