gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic properties of a recombinant phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase from Momordica charantia and its complementation function in yeast (2009)

The entire encoding region for Momordica charantia phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (McPHGPx) was cloned into pET-28a(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The purified recombinant McPHGPx displayed GSH-dependent peroxidase activity towards phospholipid hydroperoxide, H2O2, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide and had the highest affinity with and catalytic efficiency for phospholipid hydroperoxide. The optimum temperature of the enzyme activity ranged from 40 to 50 degrees C, thus it is a thermostable enzyme compared to other PHGPx enzymes. Furthermore, McPHGPx expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae PHGPx-deletion mutant rescued the susceptibilities to the oxidation-sensitive polyunsaturated fatty acid (linolenic acid), indicating its PHGPx complementation function in yeast. These results have well documented that McPHGPx functions as a PHGPx in vitro and in vivo and will be beneficial for further functional studies on plant PHGPx enzymes.
Laser Neck and Jowl Liposculpture Including Platysma Laser Resurfacing, Dermal Laser Resurfacing, and Vaporization of Subcutaneous Fat (1997)

Laser neck and jowl liposculpture produces superior results to standard submental tumescent liposculpture with no increase in recovery time and no complications to date.
Biologically inspired reactive climbing behavior of hexapod robots (2012)

Insects, e.g. cockroaches and stick insects, have found fascinating solutions for the problem of locomotion, especially climbing over a large variety of obstacles. Research on behavioral neurobiology has identified key behavioral patterns of these animals (i.e., body flexion, center of mass elevation, and local leg reflexes) necessary for climbing. Inspired by this finding, we develop a neural control mechanism for hexapod robots which generates basic walking behavior and especially enables them to effectively perform reactive climbing behavior. The mechanism is composed of three main neural circuits: locomotion control, reactive backbone joint control, and local leg reflex control. It was developed and tested using a physical simulation environment, and was then successfully transferred to a physical six-legged walking machine, called AMOS II. Experimental results show that the controller allows the robot to overcome obstacles of various heights (e.g., ~ 75% of its leg length, which are higher than those that other comparable legged robots have achieved so far). The generated climbing behavior is also comparable to the one observed in cockroaches.
Design of Temperature based Gain Scheduled Controller for Wide Temperature Variation (2013)

This paper focused on the design of an efficient temperature controller for a plant with a wide range of operating temperatures. The greater the temperature difference a plant has, the larger the nonlinearity it is exposed to in terms of heat transfer. For this reason, we divided the temperature range into five sections, and each was modeled using ARMAX(auto regressive moving average exogenous). The movement of the dominant poles of the sliced system was analyzed and, based on the variation in the system parameters with temperature, optimal control parameters were obtained through simulation and experiments. From the configurations for each section of the temperature range, a temperature-based gain-scheduled controller (TBGSC) was designed for parameter variation of the plant. Experiments showed that the TBGSC resulted in improved performance compared with an existing proportional integral derivative (PID) controller.
Promoter Activity of a Soybean Gene Encoding a Seed Maturation Protein, GmPM9 (2000)

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are synthesized during the late stages of seed development and have been widely reported in monocot and dicot plants. In order to understand the developmental regulation of the promoter of a soybean gene encoding LEA protein GmPM9, we fused a series of fragments of the promoter region to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene (uirA) and transformed the resulting constructs (pZP966, pZP572, pZP51O, pZP294 and pZPll4) into Arabidopsis thaliana. GUS enzyme activities were detected in mature seeds and cotyledons and hypocotyls of seedlings in transgenic plants containing any one of the five constructs; they were not detected in other tissues at different developmental stages. During seed development, GUS began to appear at 10 days after flowering (DAF) and increased rapidly to a maximum in the mature seeds at 14 DAF. The longest promoter construct (pZP966) enabled the transgenic plants to exhibit the highest GUS activity, whereas the shortest construct (pZP1 14) was sufficient to direct the expression of the GUS gene at a detectable level. The above findings indicate that the promoter of gGmPM9 can be used to express desirable genes in seeds during late seed maturation. The expression of the GUS gene could be induced in the leaves of the transgenic plants containing pZP966 by salt and desiccation, but not by ABA treatment.
Glass transition in amorphous water. Application of the measurements to problems arising in cryobiology (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlass transition in amorphous water. Application of the measurements to problems arising in cryobiologyDon H. Rasmussen and Alan P. MacKenzieCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 7, 967–973Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100677a022https://doi.org/10.1021/j100677a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views371Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Athletic footwear affects balance in men. (1994)

Stable equilibrium during locomotion is required for both superior performance of sports and prevention of injuries from falls. A recent report indicated that currently available athletic footwear impairs stability in older men. Since this discovery, if confirmed, seems important to both competitive athletes and the physically active general public, we performed an experiment using similar methods on a younger population. We tested the hypothesis that midsole thickness is negatively, and hardness positively related to dynamic equilibrium, in 17 healthy adult men (mean(s.d.) age 33(11.13) years) via a balance beam method. Subjects walked along a 9-m long beam at 0.5 m s-1 once barefoot and six times wearing identical pairs of experimental shoes which differed only in midsole hardness and thickness which spanned the respective ranges currently available in footwear. Falls from the beam (balance failures) were quantified. Balance failures varied significantly in relation to midsole hardness and thickness, and there was a strong trend toward interaction of these variables (P = 0.09). Midsole hardness was positively related to stability, and midsole thickness was negatively related, which confirms the previous report. Hence, shoes with thick-soft soles, similar to modern athletic footwear and 'walking shoes', destabilize men, and shoes with thin-hard soles provide superior stability. The pair with the poorest stability (A 15-thick; 12.34 balance failures per 100 m) produced 217% more balance failures than those associated with the best stability (A 50-thin; 3.89 balance failures per 100 m). Since most types of athletic footwear and many other shoes incorporate midsoles with hardness and thickness associated with poor stability, we conclude that both athletic performance and public safety could be enhanced through stability optimized footwear.
Asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions with .gamma.-functionalized .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated chiral N-acyloxazolidinones: synthesis of (+)-S-145 (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Diels-Alder reactions with .gamma.-functionalized .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated chiral N-acyloxazolidinones: synthesis of (+)-S-145Michael J. MartinelliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 17, 5065–5073Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00304a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00304a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views765Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Toward an optimization-driven framework for designing and generating realistic Internet topologies (2003)

We propose a novel approach to the study of Internet topology in which we use an optimization framework to model the mechanisms driving incremental growth. While previous methods of topology generation have focused on explicit replication of statistical properties, such as node hierarchies and node degree distributions, our approach addresses the economic tradeoffs, such as cost and performance, and the technical constraints faced by a single ISP in its network design. By investigating plausible objectives and constraints in the design of actual networks, observed network properties such as certain hierarchical structures and node degree distributions can be expected to be the natural by-product of an approximately optimal solution chosen by network designers and operators. In short, we advocate here essentially an approach to network topology design, modeling, and generation that is based on the concept of Highly Optimized Tolerance (HOT) . In contrast with purely descriptive topology modeling, this opens up new areas of research that focus on the causal forces at work in network design and aim at identifying the economic and technical drivers responsible for the observed large-scale network behavior. As a result, the proposed approach should have significantly more predictive power than currently pursued efforts and should provide a scientific foundation for the investigation of other important problems, such as pricing, peering, or the dynamics of routing protocols.
A New Model for Error Clustering in Telephone Circuits (1963)

This paper proposes a new mathematical model to describe the distribution of the occurrence of errors in data transmission on telephone lines. We suggest: a) that the statistics of telephone errors can be described in terms of an error probability depending solely on the time elapsed since the last occurrence of an error; b) that the distribution of inter-error intervals can be well approximated by a law of Pareto of exponent less than one; the relative number of errors and the equivocation tend, therefore, to zero as the length of the message is increased. The validity of those concepts is demonstrated with the aid of experimental data obtained from the German telephone network. Further consequences, refinements, and uses of the model are described in the body of the paper.
Rabbit as an animal model for experimental research (2012)

Animal experimentation is carried out in consultation with the veterinary wing but it is essential that be familiar with experimental protocols of animal model to be able to design an approriate study. This is more so in place where the veterinary facilities are not easily available.Span Rabbits are commonly used as subjects for screening implant material. They have gained favour for their numerous advantages even though they should be ideally used prior to testing in a larger animal model. Though experimentation on rabbits seems to be easy there are many pitfalls. Our endeavor in this article is to integrate all the data about maintaining rabbits as a model and to critically analyze it on the basis of our experimentation.
Relating Intercellular Variability in Nanoparticle Uptake with Biological Consequence: A Quantitative X-ray Fluorescence Study for Radiosensitization of Cells (2015)

Internalized gold nanoparticles were quantified in large numbers of individual prostate cancer cells using large area synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy. Cells were also irradiated with a 6 MV linear accelerator to assess the biological consequence of radiosensitization with gold nanoparticles. A large degree of heterogeneity in nanoparticle uptake between cells resulted in influenced biological effect.
Serum ferritin, transferrin and soluble transferrin receptor levels in multiple sclerosis patients (2005)

Over the last few years, increased evidence has supported the role of iron dysregulation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), as iron is essential for myelin formation and oxidative phosphorylation. We studied indices of iron metabolism, such as serum iron, ferritin, transferrin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTFR) levels in 27 MS patients. Seven patients had chronic progressive active disease (CP-A), six had chronic progressive stable (CP-S), ten had relapsing—remitting active (RR-A) and four had relapsing—remitting stable (RR-S) disease. sTFR levels were found to be significantly higher in CP-A (P=0.021) and RR-A (P= 0.004) patients than in controls. sTFR levels were also elevated in CP-S patients but did not reach significance (P=0.064). sTFR values in RR-S patients were comparable to those found in controls (P=0.31). Ferritin levels were significantly elevated only in CP-A patients (P= 0.002). Patients of the CP group had significantly higher ferritin values than the RR patients (P= 0.004). Haemoglobin values as well as iron and transferrin levels were within normal limits in all patients. In conclusion, the increased serum sTFR and ferritin levels in nonanaemic MS patients with active disease reflect the increased iron turnover. The mild elevation of sTFR levels in CP-S patients may indicate active inflammation with ongoing oxidative damage that is not detectable by history or examination.
Combining optical and electrical impedance techniques for quantitative measurement of confluence in MDCK-I cell cultures (2004)

A new method combining optical and electrical impedance measurements is described that enables submicroscopic cell movements to be monitored. The cells are grown on small gold electrodes that are transparent to light. This modified electrical cell-substrate impedance sensor (ECIS) allows simultaneous microscopic recording of both growth and motility, thus enabling cell confluence on the electrodes to be systematically correlated to the impedance in regular time intervals of seconds and for extended periods of time. Furthermore, the technique provides an independent measure of monolayer cell densities that we compare to calculated values from a theoretical model. We have followed the attachment and spreading behavior of epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney strain I (MDCK-I) cell cultures on microelectrodes for up to 40 h. The studies reveal a high degree of correlation between the measured resistance at 4 kHz and the corresponding cell confluence in 4- to 6-h intervals with typical linear cross-correlation factors of r equaling approximately 0.9. In summary, the impedance measured with the ECIS technique provides a good quantitative measure of cell confluence.
Coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry for a long single-mode optical fiber using a coherent lightwave source and an external phase modulator (1995)

Coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry (C-OFDR) is demonstrated for a long single-mode optical fiber at a wavelength of 1.55 μm by using a highly coherent lightwave source and an electrooptical (EO) external phase modulator. Rayleigh backscattering and Fresnel reflection from a 16.4-km optical fiber are observed when the modulation frequency is swept from 4 GHz to 8 GHz for 40 ms. The insertion of an optical fiber delay line in a probe lightwave path makes it possible to distinguish the Rayleigh backscattering profile due to the first-order modulation sideband in the phase-modulated lightwave from those due to the higher order sidebands. A spatial resolution of better than 100 m is achieved for two neighboring Fresnel reflectors located near the far end of the test fiber.
Asymmetric Allylboration of Acyl Imines Catalyzed by Chiral Diols (2007)

Chiral BINOL-derived diols catalyze the enantioselective asymmetric allylboration of acyl imines. The reaction requires 15 mol % (S)-3,3'-Ph2-BINOL as the catalyst and allyldiisopropoxyborane as the nucleophile. The reaction products are obtained in good yields (75-94%) and high enantiomeric ratios (95:5-99.5:0.5) for aromatic and aliphatic imines. High diastereoselectivities (diastereomeric ratio > 98:2) and enantioselectivities (enantiomeric ratio > 98:2) are obtained in the reactions of acyl imines with crotyldiisopropoxyboranes. This asymmetric transformation is directly applied to the synthesis of Maraviroc, the selective CCR5 antagonist with potent activity against HIV-1 infection. Mechanistic investigations of the allylboration reaction including IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry studies indicate that acyclic boronates are activated by chiral diols via exchange of one of the boronate alkoxy groups with activation of the acyl imine via hydrogen bonding.
Evaluation of a Self-Administered Sensory Testing Tool to Identify Patients at Risk of Diabetes-Related Foot Problems (1998)

Self-administered sensory tests provide patients an opportunity to share in the responsibility for preventing diabetes-related foot problems but should not replace routine foot evaluation by a provider.
Direct measurement of flat-band voltage in MOS by infrared excitation (1972)

A photoexcitation technique for the direct measurement of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) flat-band voltage is described. The principle consists of generating excess carriers in the semiconductor space-charge region by infrared pulses as a function of potential applied across the MOS capacitor and utilizing the fact that the current pulses induced in the external circuit become identically zero when the applied voltage is equal to the flat-band voltage. Experimental results are presented for MOS on silicon substrates.
Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study (2020)

Pre-diagnostic healthy lifestyle behaviours were strongly inversely associated with the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, and with the prognosis of these diseases by reducing risk of multimorbidity.
Serum antibodies to Helicobacter pylori and the CagA antigen do not explain differences in the prevalence of precancerous gastric lesions in two Chinese populations with contrasting gastric cancer rates. (2002)

Incidence and mortality rates for gastric cancer in rural People's Republic of China differ greatly over short distances. In Shandong Province, we studied asymptomatic adult subjects from Bei Duan village (n = 196) in Linqu County (a high-risk area for gastric cancer) and from Shi Huang village (n = 192) in Cangshan County (a low-risk area for gastric cancer). The prevalence of advanced precancerous gastric lesions (APGL) was assessed by microscopic examination of endoscopic stomach biopsies. ELISAs were used to detect serum IgG to Helicobacter pylori whole-cell antigen and to the CagA protein. A logistic regression model was used to quantify the role of the two H. pylori seromarkers in explaining the differences in prevalence of APGL between the two villages after adjusting for age and sex. The prevalence of APGL was much greater in Bei Duan than in Shi Huang. Although H. pylori seroprevalence by the whole-cell ELISA was similar in the two populations, seroprevalence of CagA was significantly greater in Bei Duan. Although age, sex, and both H. pylori seromarkers were associated with APGL in the logistic regression model, the effect of village of residence remained strong after adjustment for all four covariates. Only a relatively small proportion of the difference in prevalence of APGL between these two rural Chinese populations can be explained by differences in H. pylori or CagA seroprevalence.
Amygdalar volume and psychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: an MRI analysis (2005)

The atrophy of the amygdala does not have a direct association with the existence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. MRI volumetry of the amygdala may be relevant as a marker of dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease.
Recast and oxide formation in laser-drilled acute holes in CMSX-4 nickel single-crystal superalloy (2010)

The present study investigates the effects of four controllable variables on the metallurgy and geometry of acute (30° to surface) laser percussion drilled holes in 2 mm thick flat pieces of nickel superalloy: CMSX-4. Design of experiment (DOE) and statistical modelling were used in the experimental study to understand parameter interactions. Assist gas pressure, nozzle stand-off distance, focal plane position (FPP), and number of pulses were chosen as the independent process variables. A central composite design (CCD) was chosen as it offered the most economical number of experiments for the required information. The response surface method (RSM) was used to develop three models. The significant factors in each model were identified based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the models were checked by complete residual analysis. It was found that a high FPP and high nozzle stand off gave the minimum entrance oxide layer thickness whereas the recast layer was minimized for a zero FPP and high pulse number.