gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Synchronized electronic shutter system (SESS) for thermal nondestructive evaluation</title> (2001)

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new method for thermal nondestructive evaluation. This method uses a synchronized electronic shutter system (SESS) to remove the heat lamp's influence on the thermal data during and after flash heating. There are two main concerns when using flash heating. The first concern is during the flash when the photons are reflected back into the camera. This tends to saturate the detectors and potentially introduces unknown and uncorrectable errors when curve fitting the data to a model. To address this, an electronically controlled shutter was placed over the infrared camera lens. Before firing the flash lamps, the shutter is opened to acquire the necessary background data for offset calibration. During flash heating, the shutter is closed to prevent the photons from the high intensity flash from saturating the camera's detectors. The second concern is after the flash heating where the lamps radiate heat after firing. This residual cooling introduces an unwanted transient thermal response into the data. To remove this residual effect, a shutter was placed over the flash lamps to block the infrared heat radiating from the flash head after heating. This helped to remove the transient contribution of the flash. The flash lamp shutters were synchronized electronically with the camera shutter. Results are given comparing the use of the thermal inspection with and without the shutter system.
Thromboxane A2 analogues from 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ones (1987)

We describe approaches to thromboxane A2 analogues (3), (4), and (32) which contain 2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane and 2,6-dioxatricyclo[3.3.1.03,7]nonane ring systems. Both were derived from 2-substituted 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ones, which were in turn prepared by cycloadditions of suitable oxyallyls and furans.
Aging effect on leakage current flow in wooden poles (2009)

Insulation degradation leading to leakage current flow through high voltage insulators could result in catastrophic failures such as pole fires and damages to nearby equipment. This paper examines the leakage current distribution originating from the high voltage conductor to various locations through the wooden pole of various age profiles. The specimens that are investigated in this paper range from a new sample to an aged pole sample of more than 20 years in service. The main results show that the aging effect on the wooden pole has great effect on the wood resistance. The decaying of the wood reduces the wood resistance and thus increases the leakage current. Thermal images showing heating of the king bolt due to leakage currents are also presented.
An Analytical Method to Predict Efficiency of Aircraft Gearboxes (1986)

A spur gear efficiency prediction method previously developed by the authors was extended to include power loss of planetary gearsets. A friction coefficient model was developed for MIL-L-7808 oill based on disk machine data. This, combined with the recent capability of predicting losses in spur gears of nonstandard proportions, allows the calculation of power loss for complete aircraft gearboxes that utilize spur gears. The method was applied to the T56/501 turboprop gearbox and compared with measured test data. Bearing losses were calculated with large-scale computer programs. Breakdowns of the gearbox losses point out areas for possible improvement.
Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> encoding NADPH:cytochrome P‐450 reductase, an enzyme essential for reactions catalysed by cytochrome P‐450 mono‐oxygenases in plants (1993)

The membrane-bound flavoprotein NADPH:cytochrome P-450 (cytochrome c) reductase, that functions in electron transfer to cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases, was purified from a cell suspension culture of the higher plant Catharanthus roseus. Anti-serum raised against the purified protein was found to inhibit NADPH:cytochrome c reductase activity as well as the activities of the cytochrome P-450 enzymes geraniol 10-hydroxylase and trans-cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, which are involved in alkaloid biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, respectively. Immunoscreening of a C. roseus cDNA expression library resulted in the isolation of a partial NADPH: cytochrome P-450 reductase cDNA clone, which was identified on the basis of sequence homology with NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductases from yeast and animal species. The identify of the cDNA was confirmed by expression in Escherichia coli as a functional protein capable of NADPH-dependent reduction of cytochrome c and neotetrazolium, two in vitro substrates for the reductase. The N-terminal sequence of the reductase, which was not present in the cDNA clone, was determined from a genomic NADPH: cytochrome P-450 reductase clone. It was demonstrated that the reductase probably is encoded by a single copy gene. A sequence comparison of this plant NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase with the corresponding enzymes from yeast and animals species showed that functional domains involved in binding of the cofactors FMN, FAD and NADPH are highly conserved between all kingdoms. In C. roseus cell cultures a rapid increase of the reductase steady state mRNA level was observed after the addition of fungal elicitor preparations that are known to induce cytochrome P-450-dependent biosynthetic pathways.
Tranylcypromine Isomers and Parkinson's Disease: New Aspects of an Old Drug (1981)

The tranylcypromine stereoisomers have been investigated in a series of comparative trials in Parkinson's disease and the results indicate that doses below 3 mg/day, of the (+)-isomer in particular, are effective as adjuvant antiparkinsonian therapy. Biochemical results, monitoring platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and plasma concentrations of drugs and phenylethylamine, an MAO substrate, showed such low doses of the (+)-isomer to inhibit MAO without inducing the hypertensive reaction sometimes observed at higher dosage. These findings, along with the observation of substantial pharmacokinetic differences between the two isomers are discussed, particularly in relation to reports on their efficacy in depressive illness.
A visual analytics approach to model learning (2010)

The process of learning models from raw data typically requires a substantial amount of user input during the model initialization phase. We present an assistive visualization system which greatly reduces the load on the users and makes the process of model initialization and refinement more efficient, problem-driven, and engaging. Utilizing a sequence segmentation task with a Hidden Markov Model as an example, we assign each token in the sequence a feature vector based on its various properties within the sequence. These vectors are then clustered according to similarity, generating a layout of the individual tokens in form of a node link diagram where the length of the links is determined by the feature vector similarity. Users may then tune the weights of the feature vector components to improve the segmentation, which is visualized as a better separation of the clusters. Also, as individual clusters represent different classes, the user can now work at the cluster level to define token classes, instead of labelling one entry at time. Inconsistent entries visually identify themselves by locating at the periphery of clusters, and the user then helps refine the model by resolving these inconsistencies. Our system therefore makes efficient use of the knowledge of its users, only requesting user assistance for non-trivial data items. It so allows users to visually analyse data at a higher, more abstract level, improving scalability.
Chemical composition and formation of thermal and anodic oxide/III–V compound semiconductor interfaces (1981)

The literature on the chemical composition and growth of thermal and anodic oxides of the Ga and In III–V compounds is reviewed and discussed. Emphasis is placed on the questions ’’what is the chemical composition of the oxide/III–V interface’’ and ’’how and why did it get that way’’. It is apparent that much is known about these interfaces but knowledge of a number of important growth, thermodynamic, and structural parameters is lacking.
Frequency of arylsulphatase A pseudodeficiency associated mutations in a healthy population. (1994)

Arylsulphatase A (ASA, EC 3.1.6.1) is a lysosomal enzyme that catalyses cerebroside sulphate degradation. ASA deficiency is associated with metachromatic leucodystrophy (MLD), a rare autosomal recessive disorder, which is characterised by the storage of cerebroside sulphate. Low ASA activities can be also observed in clinically healthy persons, a condition termed ASA pseudodeficiency. Two mutations responsible for the majority of pseudodeficiency alleles have been defined in the ASA gene. These are both A-->G transitions. One causes an asparagine to serine substitution (N350S). The second changes the first polyadenylation signal downstream of the stop codon (1524 + 95A-->G), which causes a severe deficiency of one ASA mRNA species. The incidence of the pseudodeficiency allele is estimated to be high in the general population and can be found in families carrying MLD associated mutations. We report a reliable stratagem for detecting the two PD associated mutations separately, which we have applied to a healthy population. Two homozygotes for the N350S and 1524 + 95A-->G mutations were detected, which gives a population frequency of 2.6%. The overall frequencies of the ASA-PD mutations were shown to be 17.5% for the N350S change and 13.0% for the 1524 + 95A-->G change, estimating each mutation separately. In addition, the frequency of both PD associated mutations occurring together on the same chromosome was found to be 12.3% in our population. The study has also allowed us to establish a new control ASA activity range, which was based on assay of blood from persons who had been shown at the DNA level not to carry ASA PD associated mutations.
Controlled Nifedipine Release from Microcapsules of its Dispersions in PVP-MCC and HPC-MCC (1995)

AbstractNifedipine and its solid dispersions in polyvinyl-pyrrolidone-microcrystalline cellulose (PVP-MCC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose - microcrystalline cellulose (HPC-MCC) were microencapsulated with cellulose acetate by an emulsion solvent evaporation method. The microcapsules are spherical, discrete and free flowing. Nifedipine as such and its microcapsules gave very slow release because of its highly crystalline nature and poor solubility. Solid dispersion in PVP-MCC and HPC-MCC gave fast and rapid dissolution of nifedipine. When these solid dispersions were microencapsulated, a slow, controlled and complete release over a period of 12 hours was observed from the resulting microcapsules. Drug release depended on the proportion of PVP-MCC and HPC-MCC in the solid dispersions used as core, coat: core ratio and size of the microcapsules and the release was pH independent. Drug release was governed by diffusion rate and followed first-order kinetics.
Mild Cystic Fibrosis in a Consanguineous Family (1989)

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder linked to chromosome 7q in all families studied. Expression of the disease varies, but the genetic basis for clinical heterogeneity is unknown. We describe an extended consanguineous family with pulmonary disease and the sweat gland phenotype of cystic fibrosis. In the members of this family, clinical expression of the disease was mild, as manifested by the absence of severe childhood lung disease and increased longevity with better functional status than that expected for age. The degree of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency varied (4/10), but the older patients had normal pancreatic function. The pedigree suggested the likelihood of common ancestry, and eight of the ten affected persons were clearly related. At least three of the family members with the mildest clinical disease had consanguineous parents and may therefore have been homozygous for a variant cystic fibrosis gene. The mild expression of cystic fibrosis in this family provides evidence for a form of cystic fibrosis that is intrinsically less debilitating than the classic form.
Rendering high dynamic range images by using integrated global and local processing (2011)

We propose a new and effective tone reproduction technique that preserves the visibility, contrast, and natural impression of scenes when rendering high dynamic range images on conventional low dynamic range display devices. The method is simple and easy to implement. Our new approach uses a modified mapping function that takes into account the block-level log-average, as well as the log-average of the whole image. This allows for increased visibility in dark regions. For those images with sharp edges that may cause a halo effect, the halo effect can be reduced by using bilateral filtering when the block-level log-average is computed. Furthermore, the local details of the image can be enhanced by using a median filter. Experimental results show that the technique gives satisfactory results for a variety of images and avoids common artefacts, such as halos, gradient reversals, and the loss of local contrast. In particular, our method produces excellent results when an image has both dark and bright regions due to new block-level processing during tone mapping.
Randomized, Dose-Escalation Study of SD/01 Compared With Daily Filgrastim in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy (2000)

A single dose of SD/01 increases the serum concentration of SD/01 for several days in a dose-dependent fashion and is not associated with significant toxicity. The effects of SD/01 on ANC and CD34(+) cell mobilization are comparable or greater than those achieved with daily filgrastim. The self-regulation of this molecule provides a potential therapeutic advantage in a variety of clinical settings associated with neutropenia.
Electron Spin Resonance and Infrared Spectroscopy Study of the Polyvinylpyrrolidone-C<sub>60</sub>Composite (1999)

Abstract Recently we have found from ESR spectra that the electron charge transfer take place in the polyvinylpyrrolidone-C60 composite. In this paper the polystyrene-C60, polyvinylchloride-C60, poly(ethylene glycol)-C60, and poly(ethylene oxide)-C60 composites are prepared and probed by the ESR technique for comparison. They show no signal which might be referred to the electron transfer. Along with this, we continue ESR study of the polyvinylpyrrolidone-C60 composite and also present IR spectra, which indicate the involvement of the carbonyl group of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the electron charge transfer process.
Duckweed (Lemna minor) as a Model Plant System for the Study of Human Microbial Pathogenesis (2010)

Our results demonstrate that duckweed can be used as a fast, inexpensive and reproducible model plant system for the study of host-pathogen interactions, could serve as an alternative choice for the study of some virulence factors, and could also potentially be used in large-scale screening for the discovery of antimicrobial chemicals.
Ionizing Radiation and Professional Liability In Dermatology (1964)

Malpractice is the failure to use due care, average skill, and precaution. Personal injury cases (torts) make up 80% of Superior Court dockets. Professional liability cases against physicians comprise a very small proportion of these. Compare, for example, the effect of 70 million automobiles colliding with each other with the alleged negligent acts of only 280,000 physicians. However, in addition to the<i>size</i>of possible judgments ($100,000 is no longer uncommon), the physician may go through three or four years of soul-searching anguish as a malpractice defendant. Insurance comes high. For a California dermatologist, $500 to $700 per year is not unusual, depending on how provident he is or how insecure he feels. About half of this amount goes for radiation coverage. In actual fact, suits against the dermatologist for presumably careless use of radiation are rare, and judgments have not been astronomic. Despite hydrogen bombs, with subsequent worry
Simulated annealing based yield enhancement of layouts (2002)

This paper presents DEFT, a system for synthesizing defect-tolerant layouts, that in-grains tolerance to fabrication induced defects. This is accomplished by dispersing nets with large overlaps into nonadjacent tracks. DEFT also affords trade-offs between area (measured as the number of tracks) and yield of the resulting layout. The defect-tolerant layouts synthesized by DEFT have been consistently superior to those generated by other layout synthesis systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Physical and logical topology slicing through SDN (2016)

This paper demonstrates the physical and logical topological slicing in computer networks through Software Defined Networks (SDN) with the added benefit of data privacy. To deal with the complex requirements of the modern networks, a sudden re-configuration of a network is often required. Modern applications require the configuration of networks on a fly and according to dynamically changing requirements, but the conventional solutions need to configure each and every device locally. The real time requirements are dynamic and the conventional network configuration is static in nature. SDN provides a better option by enabling the programmable interfaces on network hardware and a centralized control. Based on an emulated topology, this paper presents the physical and logical topology slicing under a centralised control by using SDN with no need of the local configuration of network elements.
Post‐translational excision of the carboxyl‐terminal segment of CaM kinase phosphatase N and its cytosolic occurrence in the brain (2005)

Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) phosphatase, occurring in the cytoplasm of all tissues, dephosphorylates and thereby deactivates multifunctional CaM kinases, such as CaM kinases I, II and IV. In contrast, CaM kinase phosphatase N has been reported to occur almost exclusively in the brain and to be localized in the nucleus in the transfected COS-7 cells, as examined immunocytochemically with antibodies against the carboxyl-terminal segment of the enzyme, indicating its involvement in the deactivation of CaM kinase IV. Here, we show that the majority of the naturally occurring CaM kinase phosphatase N in the brain exists not in the intact form of the enzyme (83.4 kDa) but in a form (61.1 kDa) in which the carboxyl-terminal segment containing nuclear localization signals is deleted, and that it is present mostly in the cytoplasm but a little in the nucleus throughout the central nervous system, although occurring mostly in the nucleus in some large neurons. Strong immunostaining of the enzyme was also observed at postsynaptic density. These findings suggest that CaM kinase phosphatase N is involved in the regulation of not only CaM kinase IV but also CaM kinases II and I.
Cysteinyl leukotrienes and their receptors: Bridging inflammation and colorectal cancer (2014)

Long-standing inflammation has emerged as a hallmark of neoplastic transformation of epithelial cells and may be a limiting factor of successful conventional tumor therapies. A complex milieu composed of distinct stromal and immune cells, soluble factors and inflammatory mediators plays a crucial role in supporting and promoting various types of cancers. An augmented inflammatory response can predispose a patient to colorectal cancer (CRC). Common risk factors associated with CRC development include diet and lifestyle, altered intestinal microbiota and commensals, and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are potent inflammatory metabolites synthesized from arachidonic acid and have a broad range of functions involved in the etiology of various pathologies. This review discusses the important role of cysteinyl leukotriene signaling in linking inflammation and CRC.
APOYO AL CANAL 11 DEL IPN (1991)

LA UNAM Y EL IPN SIGNARON CONVENIO MEDIANTE EL CUAL LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL APOYARA DE MANERA GRATUITA AL CANAL 11 DE TELEVISION, MEDIANTE LA TRANSMISION DE MESAS REDONDAS SOBRE EL TEMA HACIA EL FIN DEL MILENIO, DONDE SE HARA UN ANALISIS PROSPECTIVO DE LA REALIDAD MEXICANA.
Waveband grooming and IP aggregation in optical networks (2003)

An automatically switched optical network (ASON) can be used as the transport layer of generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) networks. The design of an ASON involves determining the number of optical cross-connects (OXC) in the network, the required number of ports per OXC, and the interconnection topology of the OXCs. Given the number of ports per OXC, we present a linear algorithm to find the number of OXCs and to identify a cost-effective topology. We then develop a scheme that can be used to perform waveband grooming for several different topologies of an ASON that uses single-layer multigranular OXCs. We identify the bottlenecks and investigate the effect of traffic grooming schemes in the design of an ASON as a function of the peak access rate per customer. We evaluate the topologies and architectures for a national trunk network.
Identification and localization of allergenic determinants on grass group I antigens using monoclonal antibodies. (1989)

Epitopes recognized by five mAb which block the binding of human IgE antibodies to grass group I (GpI) Ag were characterized and partially mapped. Site specificity studies defined four apparently non-overlapping blocking antibody binding sites on the meadow fescue GpI molecule, Fes e I. One of these sites (site A) was localized to a 14,000 m.w. fragment designated P3 generated by CNBr cleavage of purified Fes e I. The P3 peptide possessed human IgE binding sites as well as other epitopes (non-site A) defined by 19 other anti-GpI mAb. All of the P3 reactive antibodies recognized cross-reactive determinants found on GpI Ag isolated from five different grasses suggesting that P3 is a conserved portion of grass GpI molecules. The P3 fragment from Fes e I was used to immunize mice and induced antibodies which reacted with intact GpI Ag from all 5 different grasses currently being studied in this laboratory.
Migration of Particles to a Hole Wall in a Drilling Well (1969)

Abstract The rate at which a particle will migrate from the rotating drill pipe to the hole wall was calculated as functions of the mud properties, pipe rotational speed, and hole size. The information can be used to estimate the relative carrying capacity of one mud compared to another Then the changes that need to be made when a hole. is not cleaning can be determined. An adaptive control process for field use is suggested Two major simplifying assumptions are that axial flow does not influence the liquid viscosity and that the viscous resistance to particle movement in the radial direction is proportional to the particle's velocity. The calculations assume a power model liquid, spherical cuttings, and concentric pipe in a round hole. A concept of "theoretical zones" where the calculations are valid interspersed with areas where the particles are uniformly redistributed, is used to relate the simplified theory to actual hole conditions. Introduction This theoretical study was conducted to improve the understanding of hole cleaning and how various drilling conditions and muds influence the ability to lift cuttings to the surface. The primary object of the study was to see how fast a particle might move from the drill pipe to the hole wall and how factors of drilling and liquid properties influence the rate of radial movement. The rate of movement may be important as the centrifugal force set up by the rotating drill pipe tends to force the particle toward the hole wall, an area of low vertical mud velocity and, therefore, poor lifting.