gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Mobility Group Box 1 Activates Integrin-Dependent Homing of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (2007)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited to ischemic regions and improve neovascularization. Integrins contribute to EPC homing. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that is released extracellularly on cell necrosis and tissue damage, eliciting a proinflammatory response and stimulating tissue repair. In the present study, we investigated the effects of HMGB1 on EPC homing. EPCs express the HMGB1 receptors RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) and TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2). EPC migration was stimulated by HMGB1 in a RAGE-dependent manner. In addition, the HMGB1-induced migration of EPCs on fibronectin and fibrinogen was significantly inhibited by antibodies against beta1 and beta2 integrins, respectively. Short-term prestimulation of EPCs with HMGB1 also increased EPC adhesion to endothelial cell monolayers, and this effect was blocked by antibodies to beta2 integrins or RAGE. HMGB1 increased EPC adhesion to the immobilized integrin ligands intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and fibronectin in a RAGE-dependent manner. Strikingly, HMGB1 rapidly increased integrin affinity and induced integrin polarization. Using intravital microscopy in a tumor model of neovascularization, prestimulation of EPCs with HMGB1 enhanced the initial in vivo adhesion of EPCs to microvessels and the recruitment of EPCs in the tumor tissue. In addition, prestimulation of EPCs with HMGB1 increased the homing of EPCs to ischemic muscles. In conclusion, these data represent a link between HMGB1 and integrin functions of EPCs and demonstrate that HMGB1 stimulates EPC homing to ischemic tissues. These results may provide a platform for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to improve EPC homing.
Polar body detection for ICSI cell manipulation (2016)

Polar body detection is an essential activity in the automation of micromanipulation systems in Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) application. Orienting the intracellular structure to the desire location is main challenge in the 3D cell manipulation. Polar body is classified as one of these intracellular structures. This paper presents the development and testing of a new oocytes and polar body detection method. The detection and location of oocyte and its polar body were completed using the gradient weighted Hough transform, which was the first documented implementation in this application. A new method for elliptical fitting within images based on image gradients was developed for the sizing of oocytes and polar bodies. The test results showed the robustness of the proposed methodology compared with the established methods to detect oocytes and polar bodies from different sources.
The Genome of Turkey Herpesvirus (2001)

Here we present the first complete genomic sequence of Marek's disease virus serotype 3 (MDV3), also known as turkey herpesvirus (HVT). The 159,160-bp genome encodes an estimated 99 putative proteins and resembles alphaherpesviruses in genomic organization and gene content. HVT is very similar to MDV1 and MDV2 within the unique long (UL) and unique short (US) genomic regions, where homologous genes share a high degree of colinearity and their proteins share a high level of amino acid identity. Within the UL region, HVT contains 57 genes with homologues found in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), six genes with homologues found only in MDV, and two genes (HVT068 and HVT070 genes) which are unique to HVT. The HVT US region is 2.2 kb shorter than that of MDV1 (Md5 strain) due to the absence of an MDV093 (SORF4) homologue and to differences at the UL/short repeat (RS) boundary. HVT lacks a homologue of MDV087, a protein encoded at the UL/RS boundary of MDV1 (Md5), and it contains two homologues of MDV096 (glycoprotein E) in the RS. HVT RS are 1,039 bp longer than those in MDV1, and with the exception of an ICP4 gene homologue, the gene content is different from that of MDV1. Six unique genes, including a homologue of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2, are found in the RS. This is the first reported Bcl-2 homologue in an alphaherpesvirus. HVT long repeats (RL) are 7,407 bp shorter than those in MDV1 and do not contain homologues of MDV1 genes with functions involving virulence, oncogenicity, and immune evasion. HVT lacks homologues of MDV1 oncoprotein MEQ, CxC chemokine, oncogenicity-associated phosphoprotein pp24, and conserved domains of phosphoprotein pp38. These significant genomic differences in and adjacent to RS and RL regions likely account for the differences in host range, virulence, and oncogenicity between nonpathogenic HVT and highly pathogenic MDV1.
High-voltage CdSe-Ge TFT driver circuits for passive AC-TFEL displays (1999)

Since an electroluminescent display (ELD) is a capacitive display driven at high voltage, it is necessary to fabricate high-voltage, large-current drivers. It is shown that a 20-/spl mu/m complementary CdSe-Ge thin-film transistor technology can be used to integrate the high-voltage section of the drive circuits on the substrate of an ELD. The realized column driver levels a 15 V CMOS signal up to a modulation voltage of 50 V. A novel tristate row driver circuit, which is based on the symmetric character of the thin-film transistor, handles row selecting voltages of about 200 V together with current pulses of approximately 100 mA. In this paper, the design, simulation, and measurement of these circuits are described. Technology problems due to high voltages were solved.
Estimating Optimal Parameters for MRF Stereo from a Single Image Pair (2007)

This paper presents a novel approach for estimating the parameters for MRF-based stereo algorithms. This approach is based on a new formulation of stereo as a maximum a posterior (MAP) problem in which both a disparity map and MRF parameters are estimated from the stereo pair itself. We present an iterative algorithm for the MAP estimation that alternates between estimating the parameters while fixing the disparity map and estimating the disparity map while fixing the parameters. The estimated parameters include robust truncation thresholds for both data and neighborhood terms, as well as a regularization weight. The regularization weight can be either a constant for the whole image or spatially-varying, depending on local intensity gradients. In the latter case, the weights for intensity gradients are also estimated. Our approach works as a wrapper for existing stereo algorithms based on graph cuts or belief propagation, automatically tuning their parameters to improve performance without requiring the stereo code to be modified. Experiments demonstrate that our approach moves a baseline belief propagation stereo algorithm up six slots in the Middlebury rankings.
Use of Fibrin Glue in Ocular Surgery (1988)

Cryoprecipitate and thrombin were used to prevent bleeding and induce permanent conjunctival attachment in ten cases of retinal detachment, 40 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction, and ten cases of strabismus. This method proved to be a good alternative to suturing the conjunctiva in each of the above-mentioned surgical procedures, and appears to result in a better and more comfortable postoperative course.
Parallel image component labelling with watershed transformation (1997)

The parallel watershed transformation used in gray scale image segmentation is reconsidered on the basis of the component labeling problem. The main idea is to break the sequentiality of the watershed transformation and to correctly delimit the extent of all connected components locally, on each processor, simultaneously. The internal fragmentation of the catchment basins, due to domain decomposition, into smaller subcomponents is finally solved by employing a global connected components operator. Therefore, in a pyramidal structure of master-slave processors, internal contours of adjacent subcomponents within the same component are hierarchically removed. Global final connected areas are efficiently obtained in log/sub 2/ N steps on a logical grid of N processors. Timings and segmentation results of the algorithm built on top of the message passing interface and tested on the Gray T3D are brought forward to justify the superiority of the novel design solution compared against previous implementations.
The design of active floating positive and negative inductors in MMIC technology (1995)

An original method for the determination of all possible inductive circuits as a function of the number of FET's used is described in this paper. The method is of general use in monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Circuits with large inductance, either positive or negative in value, can be obtained along with low loss or even negative resistance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rationale, of The Knee Society Clinical Rating System (1989)

A new total knee rating system has been developed by The Knee Society to provide an up-to-date more stringent evaluation form. The system is subdivided into a knee score that rates only the knee joint itself and a functional score that rates the patient's ability to walk and climb stairs. The dual rating system eliminates the problem of declining knee scores associated with patient infirmity.
Importance of mesenchymal stem cells in autologous fat grafting: A systematic review of existing studies (2012)

Autologous fat grafting (lipofilling) enables repair and augmentation of soft tissues and is increasingly used both in aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. Autologous fat has several advantages, including biocompatibility, versatility, natural appearance, and low donor site morbidity. The main limitation is unpredictable graft resorption, which ranges from 25%-80%, probably as a result of ischaemia and lack of neoangiogenesis. To obviate these disadvantages, several studies have searched for new ways of increasing the viability of the transplanted tissue. One promising approach has been to enrich the fat graft with adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) before transplantation. We have reviewed original studies published on fat transplantation enriched with ASC. We found four murine and three human studies that investigated the subject after a sensitive search of publications. In the human studies, so-called cell assisted lipotransfer (CAL) increased the ASC concentration 2-5 times compared with non-manipulated fat grafts, which caused a questionable improvement in survival of fat grafts, compared with that of traditional lipofilling. In contrast, in two of the murine studies ASC-concentrations were increased 1250 and 6250 times, respectively, by ASC ex vivo expansion, which resulted in considerably improved fat transplant survival as well as quality. This effect of high-level enrichment with ASC is thought to have been caused by paracrine signalling, cellular differentiation, or both. The surgical and tissue handling techniques used in lipofilling are well proved, but the added effect of high-level enrichment with ex vivo expanded ASC still needs to be investigated properly in human lipofilling studies, combined with a thorough follow up and matched control groups. In conclusion, ASC-enriched lipofilling theoretically has the potential for transforming lipofilling from a relatively unpredictable intervention into one in which the resorption rate, quality of tissue, and safety can be predicted, and possibly superior to prosthetic implantation.
Characterization and development of a peptide (p160) with affinity for neuroblastoma cells. (2006)

These data indicate that the p160 peptide is an attractive candidate for the development of a neuroblastoma-specific vector that can be used for drug targeting or radiopeptide-based diagnosis and therapy.
Interactions of Pulmonary Collectins with <i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i> and <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> Lipopolysaccharide Elucidate the Structural Basis of Their Antimicrobial Activities (2004)

Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) play an important role in the innate immune defenses of the respiratory tract. SP-A binds to the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and SP-D binds to the core oligosaccharide region. Both proteins induce aggregation, act as opsonins for neutrophils and macrophages, and have direct antimicrobial activity. Bordetella pertussis LPS has a branched core structure and a nonrepeating terminal trisaccharide. Bordetella bronchiseptica LPS has the same structure, but lipid A is palmitoylated and there is a repeating O-antigen polysaccharide. The ability of SP-A and SP-D to agglutinate and permeabilize wild-type and LPS mutants of B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica was examined. Previously, wild-type B. pertussis was shown to resist the effects of SP-A; however, LPS mutants lacking the terminal trisaccharide were susceptible to SP-A. In this study, SP-A was found to aggregate and permeabilize a B. bronchiseptica mutant lacking the terminal trisaccharide, while wild-type B. bronchiseptica and mutants lacking only the palmitoyl transferase or O antigen were resistant to SP-A. Wild-type B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica were both resistant to SP-D; however, LPS mutants of either strain lacking the terminal trisaccharide were aggregated and permeabilized by SP-D. We conclude that the terminal trisaccharide protects Bordetella species from the bactericidal functions of SP-A and SP-D. The O antigen and palmitoylated lipid A of B. bronchiseptica play no role in this resistance.
Synthesis and properties of anion conductive ionomers containing fluorenyl groups for alkaline fuel cell applications (2010)

A series of anion conductive aromatic ionomers, poly(arylene ether)s containing different polymer backbones and quaternized ammonio-substituted fluorenyl groups, were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution polycondensation, chloromethylation, quaternization, and the subsequent ion exchange reactions. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of the ionomers was controlled to be from 0.68 to 2.54 meq. g−1 by the chloromethylation reaction conditions. The designed chemical structures were well-characterized by the 1H NMR spectra. The ionomers provided ductile and transparent membranes. The ionomer membranes were thermally stable up to 180 °C under nitrogen and mechanically stable with 48 MPa of the maximum stress at 80 °C and 60% RH (relative humidity). High hydroxide ion conductivity up to 50 mS cm−1 was achieved at 30 °C in water for the ionomer membrane bearing sulfone/ketone structures and the highest IEC (2.54 meq. g−1). The membranes were durable in hot water (80 °C) for 1000 hours. These properties of the ionomer membranes seem promising as an anion exchange membrane for alkaline fuel cells.
GDCSim (2014)

Energy-efficient data center design and management has been a challenge of increasing importance in the past decade due to its potential to save billions of dollars in energy costs. However, the state of the art in design and evaluation of data centers require designers to be expertly familiar with a prohibitively large number of domain-specific design tools that necessitate user intervention in each step of the design process. This is due to the lack of a holistic data center design tool. To fill this gap, this article presents an iterative green data center design framework, the Green Data Center Simulator (GDCSim), for the design and development of energy-efficient data centers.
Sensory Characteristics of Milk Chocolate with Lactose from Spray‐Dried Milk Powder (1994)

ABSTRACT Dry whole‐milk powders with 0‐70% nominal lactose prepared by spray‐drying alone (containing amorphous lactose) or combined with post‐drying crystallization (containing crystalline lactose) were incorporated into milk chocolate to give 0‐50% substitution of lactose for sucrose. No significant differences occurred in sweet, bitter , and thickness of melt (P > 0.10) based on milk powder preparation method or lactose concentration. As lactose increased, hardness and onset of melt increased regardless of milk powder preparation method; but, chocolates containing crystalline lactose were softer than those containing amorphous lactose. Higher chocolate, milk and caramel flavors were perceived in milk chocolates containing crystalline lactose. Graininess of milk chocolate increased at the highest level of added lactose.
High-Performance Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Field-Effect Transistors Fabricated by a Slide-Coating Method (2008)

Highly oriented thin-films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) have been successfully fabricated by slide-coating method, in which the chloroform solution is sandwiched between a Si wafer and a slide glass, and followed by slow drawing of the Si wafer with respect to the slide glass. The performance of this organic field-effect transistor (OFET) based on the P3HT film exhibit high-performance of up to 0.056 cm2 V-1 s-1 in FET mobility. This simple solution process is an effective method to fabricate the well-ordered structure of the P3HT film and its OFETs.
Event-Specific Qualitative and Quantitative PCR Detection Methods for Transgenic Rapeseed Hybrids MS1×RF1 and MS1×RF2 (2007)

Except for the events RT73, MS8, RF3, and T45, event-specific detection methods for most commercialized genetically modified (GM) rapeseed varieties have not been established, and as a result, the enforcement of genetically modified organism labeling policies has been hindered. The genetically modified rapeseeds, MS1xRF1 and MS1xRF2, are 2 of 11 approved GM-rapeseed varieties for commercialization. In this study, the right border junction fragments between the gene construct and the rapeseed genome of events RF1, RF2, and MS1 were isolated using the commercially available GenomeWalker technology. Homology analysis indicated that the gene construct of RF1 integrated upstream of the nuclease gene, and that of the RF2 and MS1 inserted into the exon region of a gene encoding for an unknown protein. The event-specific primer pairs and corresponding probes were designed on the basis of the revealed right border junction fragments. Then, we successfully developed the identification and quantification methods for the gene-stacked hybrids MS1xRF1 and MS1xRF2 using those primers and probes. The relative limit of detection in the qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was 0.013% for the RF2 and MS1 assays using 100 ng of rapeseed DNA per reaction and 0.13% for the RF1 assay. The absolute limit of detection in the quantitative PCR was approximately one to two initial copies for each of the three event-specific assays. The evaluation of the real-time PCR assays revealed that the qualitative and quantitative methods developed by focusing on the gene-stacked hybrids MS1xRF1 and MS1xRF2 were highly specific, sensitive, and suitable for samples with a low quantity of DNA.
LONG‐RANGE PCR AMPLIFICATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY FOR CHARACTERIZING NOVEL HLA‐B ALLELES (1996)

We have developed a simple, rapid and reliable method for specifically amplifying and cloning full-length HLA-B genes from genomic DNA. Using this methodology we characterized three alleles of interest at the molecular level. Two of the alleles appeared in our routine class I PCR-SSOP typing system, a variant of B*5801 found in the Daudi cell line and RCE 56 and a variant of B*4101 found in a number of volunteer donors on our Bone Marrow Donor Registry. The third, a variant B35 allele found in RCE 80, was first identified as unusual by serology. Our sequencing analysis of exon 2 and exon 3 identified two of these alleles as the recently reported novel HLA-B*5802 and HLA-B*4102 alleles, while the third represents a new B35 allele officially designated B*3513.
Multidegenerate DNA recognition by the OxyR transcriptional regulator. (1992)

The Escherichia coli OxyR protein, a regulator of hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes, is a potent stimulator of transcription in its oxidized form but not in its reduced form. OxyR protein purified in its oxidized form was found to bind four of its non-homologous, functional DNA-binding sites with over 10(6)-fold higher affinity than random DNA sequences. A similarly high DNA binding specificity was observed for the reduced (transcriptionally inactive) form of OxyR, consistent with a model in which the OxyR protein is bound to its recognition sequences even in the absence of an oxidative stress. Alignment of five functional OxyR-binding sites revealed a marked lack of perfectly conserved positions, yet an unusually high number of degenerate homologies (positions at which only two of the four possible base pairs are represented). Methylation interference assays on two OxyR-binding sites showed that OxyR contacts its recognition sequences predominantly at positions of degenerate homology. These results suggest that the OxyR protein specifically recognizes seemingly dissimilar sequences through the use of a multidegenerate recognition code. The chemical basis for a plausible degenerate recognition system is discussed.
Tight linkage of the gene for spinocerebellar ataxia to D6S89 on the short arm of chromosome 6 in a kindred for which close linkage to both HLA and F13A1 is excluded. (1991)

A locus for an autosomal dominant form of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA1) has been assigned to the short arm of chromosome 6 on the basis of linkage to the major histocompatibility system (HLA). In this study of a five-generation American black family, close linkage between the disease locus and both HLA and the coagulation factor XIIIA (F13A1) locus was excluded, and lod scores for all locations of the disease locus between HLA and F13A1 were less than -1.4. These results suggest that the locus causing spinocerebellar ataxia in this family is not in this region. However, the disease locus was found to be closely linked to a microsatellite polymorphism, D6S89, which is between HLA and F13A1. The maximum lod score for SCA1 and D6S89 is 4.90 at a recombination fraction of 0, both in males and in females. These data show that exclusion of close linkage to the HLA complex and F13A1 in a kindred with spinocerebellar ataxia does not rule out the possibility that the disease locus in that family is on 6p. Accordingly, all families segregating a dominantly inherited ataxia should be evaluated for linkage to D6S89, to determine whether the locus causing the disease is SCA1.
The design and testing of integrally constructed waveguide assemblies (1959)

Problems associated with integrally constructed waveguide assemblies are discussed, the advantages of this form of construction are shown, and suitable components and methods of construction are described. Complex assemblies of this type present special testing problems which are solved by employing a plug-in reflectometer, together with a swept-frequency reflection display. These principles are applied to a typical microwave link repeater, and the alignment of the signal-input section is described in detail. An overall performance with less than 2% reflection is confirmed by independent measurement. A swept-frequency display receiver of high sensitivity is needed for display; the design is briefly described and used to illustrate another example of integral construction.