gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward enhanced activity of a graphitic carbon nitride-based electrocatalyst in oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions via atomic sulfur doping (2016)

Component matters: a sulfur-doping protocol is proven to be efficient in boosting the performances of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>as an electrocatalyst in ORR and HER.
Self-assembly of supermolecular species directed by hydrogen bonding and aromatic π–π stacking interactions (2008)

A new Cu(II) trimers, [Cu3(dcp)2(H2O)8]. 4DMF, with the ligand 3,5-pyrazoledicarboxylic acid monohydrate (H3dcp) has been prepared by solvent method. Its solid-state structure has been characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TGA and DSC), and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystallographic studies reveal that this complex has extended 1-D,2-D and 3-D supramolecular architectures directed by weak interactions (hydrogen bond and aromatic π-π stacking interaction) leading to a sandwich solid-state structure.
Increase in gloss of coated red peppers by different brushing procedures (2012)

Coating glossy surfaces may reduce their surface shine to undesirable levels. To minimize this effect, we studied pepper, a naturally highly glossy material, which had been coated with a hydrocolloid-wax preparation, reducing its gloss by ∼30%. We hypothesized that the reduced gloss could be increased by a simple brushing procedure. We examined various parameters related to brushing – type of brush, revolutions per minute (RPM) and brushing time – to determine what might best restore the fruit's initial, pre-coating gloss. Brushes with horse hair or nylon bristles, run at 100, 200 or 300 RPM for 1 or 10 min were tested. It was concluded that the horse hair brush gives better results for the coated and brushed commodity than the nylon brush, possibly due to the structure of the fibers and the nature of the formulation. A sensory evaluation panel concluded that coating and then brushing results in a product that is closer in appearance to the natural non-treated pepper, although still not as glossy as the non-coated product.
<i>N</i>-Phthaloyltranexamic acid ammonium salt derivatives as photocaged superbase for redox free radical photopolymerization (2013)

<italic>N</italic>-Phthaloyltranexamic acid ammonium salt derivatives integrating with peroxides can invoke redox photopolymerization and propagating polymerization.
Capacity of a Class of Cognitive Radio Channels: Interference Channels With Degraded Message Sets (2007)

This correspondence is motivated by two different scenarios. The first is a cognitive radio system where a cognitive radio knows a ldquodumbrdquo radio's message and the second is a sensor network in a correlated field where sensors possessing a nested message structure assist one another's information transmission. Both scenarios are modeled using the framework of discrete memoryless interference channels with degraded message sets (IFC-DMS), a setting where one of the two transmitters in an interference channel knows both the messages to be conveyed to the receivers. Both inner and outer bounds are provided for a class of IFC-DMS channels. The case of the Gaussian interference channels with degraded message sets is also investigated. In this case, achievability and converse arguments are presented for a class of ldquoweakrdquo interference channels, resulting in a characterization of this class' capacity region.
Embryonic chick heart expresses multiple muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Isolation and characterization of a gene encoding a novel m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor with high affinity for pirenzepine. (1991)

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) are G protein-coupled receptors which are highly conserved across mammalian species. Chick cardiac mAChR, however, have been shown to be pharmacologically, immunologically, and biochemically distinct from m2 mAChR expressed in mammalian heart. We previously reported the isolation and characterization of a novel chicken mAChR, cm4, which is expressed in chick heart and brain. We report here the isolation of an additional chicken mAChR gene whose deduced amino acid sequence is most homologous to the mammalian m2 receptor. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that this chicken m2 gene is also expressed in chick heart and brain. When stably transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and Y1 adrenal carcinoma cells, the chicken m2 gene expresses a receptor protein which exhibits high affinity binding for the muscarinic antagonist quinuclidinyl benzilate and atropine, as well as the M1-selective antagonist pirenzepine and the M2-selective antagonist AF-DX 116. Therefore, when expressed in two heterologous cell lines, the chick m2 receptor has pharmacological properties that are similar to the chick m4 receptor as well as those reported for endogenous mAChR in chick cardiac cells. Consistent with the properties of the chick m4, as well as mammalian m2 and m4 receptors, the chick m2 receptor was able to functionally couple to both the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and the stimulation of phosphoinositide metabolism when expressed in CHO cells, but only the inhibition of adenylate cyclase when expressed in Y1 cells. We conclude from this study that the embryonic chick heart expresses multiple subtypes of mAChR which are highly conserved with their mammalian counterparts. Furthermore, the high degree of conservation between the mammalian m2 and the chick m2 muscarinic receptors suggests that the pharmacological differences that exist between these receptors are due to a relatively small number of specific amino acid changes rather than larger changes in receptor sequence or structure.
Chemiluminescence from the reaction of singlet oxygen with 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridylidene. A reactive 1,2-dioxetane (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemiluminescence from the reaction of singlet oxygen with 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridylidene. A reactive 1,2-dioxetaneKyu-Wang Lee, Lawrence A. Singer, and Kenneth D. LeggCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 16, 2685–2688Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00878a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00878a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In vitro biocompatibility study of electrically conductive polypyrrole-coated polyester fabrics (2001)

This study investigated the basic biocompatibility aspects of two types of polypyrrole (PPy)-coated polyester fabrics for possible use as vascular prostheses. These PPy-coated fabrics, PPy-Phos and PPy-Plas, were sterilized with ethylene oxide (EO) and the following characterizations were performed: surface morphology by scanning electron microscope, EO residuals analysis by the headspace method, acute systemic toxicity in the mouse model, hemolysis, blood coagulation time, viability and proliferation of endothelial cells measured with the WST-1 method, and activation of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells indicated by the specific expression of interleukin 8 mRNA measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Virgin polyester fabrics, expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE), and medical-grade Bionate 80A poly(carbonate urethane) were used as references in the cell culture experiments. The PPy-coated fabrics revealed different surface morphologies by showing more PPy lamina and clusters on the PPy-Plas. Neither of the PPy-coated fabrics had an adverse effect on hemolysis and coagulation time, and they did not cause any acute systemic toxicity. The EO residual level was as low as 5 ppm or less, which is considered quite acceptable. Although exhibiting a relatively low initial cell adhesion at 24 h, the two PPy-coated samples showed no cytotoxicity at 72 and 168 h. Bionate 80A and ePTFE recorded cytotoxicity at 72 and 168 h, respectively. The virgin fabrics also demonstrated a decrease of viable cells at 72 h that was not significant. The activation of PMN cells induced by both PPy-coated fabrics, the ePTFE, and the negative control was significantly lower than that induced by their respective tumor necrosis factor-alpha controls. These results therefore highlighted the potential of PPy-coated fabrics for use as cardiovascular prostheses. It was suggested that cell adhesion moieties should be incorporated into the PPy/fabric composite to increase cell adhesion and subsequent cell proliferation.
Toll-Like Receptor 4 Agonistic Antibody Promotes Innate Immunity against Severe Pneumonia Induced by Coinfection with Influenza Virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae (2013)

Coinfection with bacteria is a major cause of mortality during influenza epidemics. Recently, Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists were shown to have immunomodulatory functions. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness and mechanisms of the new TLR4 agonistic monoclonal antibody UT12 against secondary pneumococcal pneumonia induced by coinfection with influenza virus in a mouse model. Mice were intranasally inoculated with Streptococcus pneumoniae 2 days after influenza virus inoculation. UT12 was intraperitoneally administered 2 h before each inoculation. Survival rates were significantly increased and body weight loss was significantly decreased by UT12 administration. Additionally, the production of inflammatory mediators was significantly suppressed by the administration of UT12. In a histopathological study, pneumonia in UT12-treated mice was very mild compared to that in control mice. UT12 increased antimicrobial defense through the acceleration of macrophage recruitment into the lower respiratory tract induced by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) pathway-dependent monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) production. Collectively, these findings indicate that UT12 promoted pulmonary innate immunity and may reduce the severity of severe pneumonia induced by coinfection with influenza virus and S. pneumoniae. This immunomodulatory effect of UT12 improves the prognosis of secondary pneumococcal pneumonia and makes UT12 an attractive candidate for treating severe infectious diseases.
Grain boundary structure and chemistry of Dy-diffusion processed Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets (2010)

We have investigated the microstructure of grain boundary diffusion processed Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets by high resolution scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and laser assisted atom probe to understand the mechanism of coercivity enhancement. After the vapor coating of Dy to the sintered magnets, the sample were annealed to let it diffuse in the sample through the grain boundary diffusion. The composition of the outer region of the Nd2Fe14B grains changed to (Nd,Dy)2Fe14B due to the substitution of Dy for Nd. Excess Nd ejected from the Nd2Fe14B grains led to the formation of continuous Nd-rich grain boundaries.
Transforming growth factor- <i>beta</i>  1 (TGF- <i>beta</i>  1) and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor- <i>alpha</i> reciprocally regulate the generation of lymphokine-activated killer cell activity. Comparison between natural porcine platelet-derived TGF- <i>beta</i>  1 and TGF- <i>beta</i>  2, and recombinant human TGF- <i>beta</i>  1. (1988)

We have investigated the ability of porcine-platelet-derived transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) to inhibit the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells by human rIL-2. The results demonstrate that TGF-beta 1, in a dose-related manner, significantly inhibits rIL-2-induced LAK cell activity against Daudi and COLO target cells and, to a lesser degree, against K-562 cells. Maximal inhibition was obtained by the addition of TGF-beta 1 at the time of culture initiation and, to a lesser degree, on day 1. Only minimal inhibition was obtained when TGF-beta 1 addition was delayed until day 2 of culture or when added directly into the LAK cell assay. Additional studies demonstrated that porcine platelet-derived TGF-beta 2 and human rTGF-beta 1 inhibited LAK cell generation similar to that obtained with TGF-beta 1. The inhibition of LAK cell activity by TGF-beta 1 was reversed by the addition of human rTNF-alpha at the initiation of culture. In addition, rTNF-alpha synergized with suboptimal levels of rIL-2 in the generation of LAK activity. After stimulation with rIL-2, LAK cells produced significant levels of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta. TGF-beta 1 inhibited the production of these cytokines in a dose-related manner. The results extend the previous known activities for human rTNF-alpha and TGF-beta 1 and further demonstrate the reciprocal relationship between these two molecules in the regulation of certain immune functions.
The structures of shellfish glycogens. I. The properties of oyster glycogen extracted by various methods. (1983)

Gel filtration profile and ultracentrifugation analysis showed that the molecular weight of the commercial glycogen or the glycogen extracted with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) from whole oyster tissue was smaller than that of the glycogen extracted with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The degradation extents of glycogens extracted with DMSO and TCA on pullulanase treatment were 6.3% and 10.8 and that of commercial glycogen was 24.8%. Gel filtration profile or paper chromatogram of the pullulanase digest of the glycogen extracted with DMSO (DMSO-glycogen) was similar to those of the glycogen extracted with TCA (TCA-glycogen) and commercial glycogen. These results suggested that TCA-glycogen or commercial glycogen was degraded to some extent during the extraction of glycogen and became more susceptible to pullulanase keeping fundamental structure of the glycogen naltered. Electron microscopic study showed that the particle size (diameter) of DMSO-glycogen ranged 20-180 nm while the particle size of TCA-glycogen or commercial glycogen ranged 10-130 or 10-40 nm, respectively.
An Update on Hepatic Stem Cells: Bench to Bedside (2011)

Liver failure results in impairment of many functions and dependent organs such as brain and kidneys begin to fail, reducing the chance of recovery even further. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) is the only treatment that improves the survival rate in patients with liver failure. Liver Transplantation (LT), including orthologous liver transplantation (OLT), cadaveric LT, split LT, living donor LT (LDLT) brings hopes to patients with these diseases. Globally, 1.4 million deaths occur annually as a result of chronic liver diseases. The reasons for this high death toll include unavailability of healthy liver donor and highly expensive liver transplantation treatment. Furthermore, some other factors such as operative risks and post-transplant rejection are major limitation of OLT. Isolated hepatocyte transplantation is emerging as alternative bridge support till the healthy donor is arranged. Mature hepatocytes have several drawbacks such as low proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, low viability after cryopreservation, and requirement of large number of cells for infusion. The studies on isolation of hepatic progenitors have shown promising results to overcome these limitations. These cells possess higher proliferative capacity, are less immunogenic and more resistant to cryopreservation, and ischemic injury; properties that could enhance their engraftment within the recipient liver. The hepatic progenitors have been isolated from the intra-hepatic sources and extra-hepatic sources. Fetal cells are one of the ideal sources of hepatic stem/progenitor cells. Autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation in patients with cirrhosis has shown promising result.
Are neutrophilic dermatoses autoinflammatory disorders? (2016)

Neutrophils constitute essential players in inflammatory responses and are the first line of defence against harmful stimuli. However, dysregulation of neutrophil homeostasis can result in excessive inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. Neutrophilic dermatoses are a spectrum of inflammatory disorders characterized by skin lesions resulting from a neutrophil-rich inflammatory infiltrate in the absence of infection. The exact molecular pathophysiology of neutrophilic dermatoses has long been poorly understood. Interestingly, neutrophil-rich cutaneous inflammation is also a cardinal feature of several autoinflammatory diseases with skin involvement, the latter being caused by aberrant innate immune responses. Overactivation of the innate immune system leading to increased production of interleukin-1 family members and 'sterile' neutrophil-rich cutaneous inflammation are features of both inherited autoinflammatory syndromes with skin involvement and an increasing number of neutrophilic dermatoses. Therefore, we propose that autoinflammation may be a cause of neutrophilic dermatoses.
Structure‐activity relationship study and NMR analysis of fluorobenzoyl pentapeptide GPR54 agonists (2008)

GPR54 is a Gq-protein coupled receptor involved in cancer metastasis and regulation of the endocrine system. GPR54 activation by endogenous ligands attenuates the mobility of carcinomas and stimulates the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. GPR54 agonists are, therefore, potential therapeutic candidates for cancer metastasis and hormonal diseases. Pentapeptide derivatives of kisspeptin C-terminus were identified as potent GPR54 agonists in our previous studies. In the present study, we investigated the structure-activity relationship of a variety of pentapeptides having various fluorine-substituted benzoyl groups at the N-terminus. Among these, a 4-fluorobenzoyl derivative was the most potent agonist. On the other hand, the derivatives having multiple fluoro-substituting groups showed less binding affinity. NMR analysis of these peptides and their N-terminal partial structures suggested that fluorine substituents affect the benzoyl conformation. o-Monofluorobenzoyl is likely to be in a coplanar conformation due to the intramolecular CF--HN hydrogen bonding between o-fluorine and amide hydrogen; the o,o-difluorobenzoyl moiety exists in a distorted conformation probably due to the steric hindrance and/or electrostatic repulsion between two o-fluorine atoms and carbonyl oxygen.
A 1GHz fault tolerant processor with dynamic lockstep and self-recovering cache for ADAS SoC complying with ISO26262 in automotive electronics (2017)

We present a processing platform that implements DMR with separate clock and power sources to prevent dependent failures working with a reconfigurable cache that includes BIST with self-recovering function to detect transient faults and error prediction to prevent permanent faults. The fault tolerant processor is analyzed to be complying with the ISO26262 SOTIF for ADAS SoC which is fabricated with 28nm CMOS Technology. The single point faults metric is 99.64% with a safety mechanism.
Detection of in situ hybridization to human chromosomes with the atomic force microscope (1993)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) permits one to generate a topographic representation of the sample under investigation with high spatial resolution. We assumed that cytochemical staining techniques, which yield reaction products which can be discriminated from the surrounding material on basis of their topographic properties, would be applicable in AFM. Here we show the validity of this assumption by employing an in situ hybridization technique in which the final label was the precipitated product of a peroxidase/diaminebenzidine reaction. After hybridization of the DNA probe pUC1.77 that recognizes the heterochromatic region of human chromosome 1 (1q12), the AFM clearly detects the sites of in situ hybridization. In situ hybridization with DNA probe p1-79 results in clear marking of the telomere region 1p36. The diameter of the probe p1-79 linked reaction product was 75-100 nm, indicating that resolution of 200 nm can readily be reached with this AFM approach of DNA mapping. This precision is directly linked with the amount of precipitated material.
Rev Up to Excel 2010: Upgraders Guide to Excel 2010 (2010)

This updated edition of Excel 2007 Miracles Made Easy features the amazing new upgrades offered in Excel 2010 and prepares users to transition to it. Covering only the revised components in Excel 2010, this manual shows how to navigate the ribbon interface and leverage the new business-intelligence tools within. With information on everything from using pivot tables tocalculating Texas Hold Em probabilities, this indispensable reference features instructions for utilizing all of thenew capabilities of Excel 2010.
Human face detection using skin color information (2010)

This paper implements a new method to detect a human skin and faces from colored images. The proposed system based on the detection of all pixels in colored images which are probably a human skin via a reference skin colors matrix. The image then goes through some modifications to enhance the face detection. The circularity feature was used to distinguish human faces from other objects with similar skin color. The proposed system was tested using MatLab using different real images and the simulation results show effectiveness of the proposed method.
Time-constrained clustering for segmentation of video into story units (1996)

Many video programs have story structures that can be recognized through the clustering of video contents based on low-level visual primitives, and the analysis of high level structures imposed by temporal arrangement of composing elements. In this paper time-constrained clustering of video shots is proposed to collapse visually similar and temporally local shots into a compact structure. We show that the proposed clustering formulations, when incorporated into the scene transition graph framework, allows the automatic segmentation of scenes and story units that cannot be achieved by existing shot boundary detection schemes. The proposed method is able to decompose video into meaningful hierarchies and provide compact representations that reflect the flow of story, thus offering efficient browsing and organization of video.