gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of the bone morphogenetic protein binding protein spp24 (secreted phosphoprotein 24 kD) on the growth of human lung cancer cells (2011)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) contribute to the growth of some skeletal metastases through autocrine stimulation. Secreted phosphoprotein 24 kDa (spp24) has been shown to bind to both BMP-2 and TGF-β and to markedly inhibit the osteogenic properties of rhBMP-2. We hypothesized that the addition of spp24 would sequester autocrine growth factors (especially BMP-2) and reduce tumor growth in a system (A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cell line) where autocrine stimulation by BMP-2 is known to be important. A549 cells were injected into two sites (subcutaneous and intraosseus) in SCID mice with and without the co-injection of BMP-2 and spp24. Tumor growth after 8 weeks was assessed through gross examination, radiological imaging, and histological analysis. Spp24 attenuated the tumor growth enhancing effects of rhBMP-2 and reduced the tumor growth when added to tumor cells that were not treated with BMP-2. We conclude that spp24 can reduce A549 cell tumor growth in both soft tissue and intraosseus environments. We hypothesize that the mechanism for this inhibition is interruption of autocrine stimulation through the sequestration of BMP-2. Spp24 can be developed into a therapeutic agent that can be employed in clinical situations where the inhibitions of BMPs and related proteins is advantageous.
Pleiotropic Enhancement of Bacterial Pathogenesis Resulting from the Constitutive Activation of the<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>Regulatory Factor PrfA (2005)

Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes serious disease in immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and neonates. Bacterial virulence is mediated by the expression of specific gene products that facilitate entry into host cells and enable bacterial replication; the majority of these gene products are regulated by a transcriptional activator known as PrfA. L. monocytogenes strains containing prfA E77K or prfA G155S mutations exhibit increased expression of virulence genes in broth culture and are hypervirulent in mice. To define the scope of the influences of the prfA E77K and prfA G155S mutations on L. monocytogenes pathogenesis, multiple aspects of bacterial invasion and intracellular growth were examined. Enhanced bacterial invasion of host epithelial cells was dependent on the expression of a number of surface proteins previously associated with invasion, including InlA, InlB, and ActA. In addition to these surface proteins, increased production of the hly-encoded secreted hemolysin listeriolysin O (LLO) was also found to significantly enhance bacterial invasion into epithelial cell lines for both prfA mutant strains. Although prfA E77K and prfA G155S strains were similar in their invasive phenotypes, the infection of epithelial cells with prfA E77K strains resulted in host cell plasma membrane damage, whereas prfA G155S strains did not alter plasma membrane integrity. Bacterial infection of human epithelial cells, in which the production of LLO is not required for bacterial entry into the cytosol, indicated that prfA E77K cytotoxic effects were mediated via LLO. Both prfA E77K and prfA G155S strains were more efficient than wild-type bacteria in gaining access to the host cell cytosol and in initiating the polymerization of host cell actin, and both were capable of mediating LLO-independent lysis of host cell vacuoles in cell lines for which L. monocytogenes vacuole disruption normally requires LLO activity. These experiments illuminate the diverse facets of L. monocytogenes pathogenesis that are significantly enhanced by the constitutive activation of PrfA via prfA mutations and underscore the critical role of this protein in promoting L. monocytogenes virulence.
Formal design techniques-theory and engineering reality (2002)

The explosion in the complexity of today's chips is rapidly pushing the traditional simulation based verification approach to its limits. This paper examines formal verification techniques as solutions to this problem. The term is used for mathematically rigorous design checking from formal proof processes to relatively computationally 'easy' structural equivalence checking. It is argued that there is a need for processes which have for a long time been the realm of mathematicians and theoretical computer scientists to migrate into the world of engineers and be adopted as part of standard design methodologies. This migration can already be seen in the form of sequential equivalence and model checking, although the adoption of formal proof engines is some way in the future.
X-Ray Microscopy : Instrumentation and Biological Applications (1987)

In 1979, a conference on x-ray microscopy was organized by the New York Academy of Sciences, and in 1983, the Second Interna tional Symposium on Imaging was organized by the Akademie der Wissenschaften in Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany. This volume contains the contributions to the symposium X-ray Microscopy '86, held in Taipei, Taiwan, the Republic of China in August 1986. This is the first volume which intends to provide up-to date information on x-ray imaging to biologists, therefore, emphasis was given to specimen preparation techniques and image interpreta tion. Specimen preparation represents a major part of every microscopy work, therefore, it should be strongly emphasized in this emerging field of x-ray microscopy. Theoretically, x-ray microscopy offers the potential for the study of unfixed, hydrated biological ma terials. Since very few biological system can be directly observed without specimen preparation, we would like to emphasize that new information on biological specimens can only be obtained if the speci men is properly prepared. In the past decade, many of the published x-ray images were obtained from poorly prepared biological speci mens, mainly air-dried materials. Therefore, one of the goals of this conference is to bring the importance of specimen preparation to the attention of x-ray microscopy community. microscopy can be subdivided into several major areas. They are the classic x-ray projection microscope, x-ray contact imag ing (microradiography) and the more recent x-ray scanning micro scope, x-ray photoelectron microscope and x-ray imaging microscope.
Design of pH Sensors in Long-Period Fiber Gratings Using Polymeric Nanocoatings (2007)

In this paper, two different pH sensors based on the deposition of nanometric scale polymeric films onto the surface of a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) have been studied and compared. An electrostatic self-assembled (ESA) method has been used to create sensitive films with an optimal overlay thickness. Two types of sensors have been designed: The first one is based on polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and the second one was done incorporating the pigment Prussian blue (PB) in the PAH/PAA matrix. A theoretical model of multilayer cylindrical waveguides based on coupled-mode theory has been used to predict the position of the attenuation bands as a function of the overlay thickness. Both sensors were tested and compared in terms of sensitivity and response time. A faster response was obtained with the introduction of PB particles in the polymeric matrix. Linear sensors in the pH range 4-7 were obtained, showing good repeatability and high sensitivity
Ambient RF Energy Harvesting Sensor Device With Capacitor-Leakage-Aware Duty Cycle Control (2013)

In this paper, we present a software control method that maximizes the sensing rate of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that are solely powered by ambient RF power. Unlike all other energy harvesting WSN systems, RF-powered systems present new challenges for energy management. A WSN node repeatedly charges and discharges at short intervals, depending on the energy intake. Typically in energy harvesting systems, a capacitor is used for energy storage because of its efficient charge and discharge performance and infinite recharge cycles. When the charging time is too short, a node is more likely to experience an energy shortage. On the contrary, if it is too long, more energy is lost because of leakage in the capacitor. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive duty cycle control scheme optimized for RF energy harvesting. This method maximizes the sensing rate by taking into account the leakage problem, a factor that has never been previously studied in this context. Our control scheme improves the efficiency by aggregate evaluation of operation reliability and leakage reduction.
Hydrothermal synthesis of high silica zeolite Y using tetraethylammonium hydroxide as a structure-directing agent (2016)

High silica zeolite Y with a SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ratio of 7.76 is successfully synthesized with tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as a structure-directing agent. The high silica zeolite Y shows outstanding high temperature thermal stability and hydrothermal stability.
Marimastat in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (1999)

Patients with solid tumors, including carcinoma of the pancreas, express high levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), and these enzymes are believed to be important for the growth, spread, and dissemination of most solid malignant tumors. Marimastat is the first orally available MMP inhibitor (MMPI) to be tested in humans and has been shown to inhibit the spread and growth of pancreatic cancer in animal models. The purpose of the present study was to define the toxicities, safety, and tolerance of various doses of marimastat and also to get an early indication of potential biologic activity in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. The authors prospectively studied 64 patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas in whom standard treatments had failed. Eligible patients had a progressive rise in CA 19/9 levels of >25% over the 4-week period preceding their entry into the study. Patients were studied in groups of 8 to 10, with each group receiving escalating dosages ranging from 5 mg twice daily to 75 mg twice daily and 10 to 25 mg daily. Patients were considered for long-term (beyond 4 weeks) continuation treatment if clinical benefit, in the view of the investigator, was derived. Study endpoints were safety, tolerance, and changes in the rate of rise of CA 19/9, which were used as surrogate markers for disease progression. Marimastat was well tolerated. Musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, and tenderness emerged as dose-limiting toxicity. No other dose-related toxicities were observed. A reduced rate of rise of CA 19/9 was observed at dose levels of 5, 10, and 25 mg twice daily. The overall median survival was 160 days, with a 1-year survival of 21%. Marimastat was associated with an acceptable toxicity profile, and these preliminary data suggest that long-term oral administration is feasible and safe. Doses of 5, 10, and 25 mg twice daily were identified as the optimal doses to be tested in larger randomized studies.
Trop2 enhances invasion of thyroid cancer by inducing MMP2 through ERK and JNK pathways (2017)

The current study suggests that elevated expression of Trop2 may represent an important molecular hallmark that is biologically and clinically relevant to the progression of thyroid cancer.
The heat loss from new-born pigs to the floor. (1967)

SUMMARY The rates of heat loss to the floor from each of 36 new-born Large White pigs, of weight range 1·04 to2·19 kg., and age range 1 hr. to 6 days, were measured by a multiple thermocouple gradient layer method. The floor materials used were concrete (2·5 cm. thick), wood (1·27 cm. thick), and expanded polystyrene (2·5 an. thick), covered in each case by a 4 mm. thick mat containing the gradient layer; the ambient temperature range was 18 to 30°C. Heat loss to the floor decreased markedly as the pig moved from a relaxed to a more tense posture in which it was supported on its limbs. An ambient temperature change from 30to20°C. nearly doubled heat loss to each type of floor. At 20° C, floor heat loss to wood was nearly as great as to concrete at 30°C.; substituting the wood for the concrete was equivalent to raising floor temperature by 12°C. A 2·5 cm. thickness oj wood shavings on concrete was equivalent to a rise of 9°C. on a floor oj bare concrete; 2·5 cm. of straw corresponded to a 15°C. rise, and 2·5 cm. of woodwool to19°C. About15% of the new-bom pig’s total heat loss is by way of the floor on bare concrete; on wood it is 6%, and on expanded polystyrene, 2%. Using earlier results as well, the total partition of heat loss from the 2 kg. pig is given for ambient temperatures 20 and 30°C.
Some(what) grand challenges for information retrieval (2008)

Although we see the positive results of information retrieval research embodied throughout the Internet, on our computer desktops, and in many other aspects of daily life, at the same time we notice that people still have a wide variety of difficulties in finding information that is useful in resolving their problematic situations. This suggests that there still remain substantial challenges for research in IR. Already in 1988, on the occasion of receiving the ACM SIGIR Gerard Salton Award, Karen Spärck Jones suggested that substantial progress in information retrieval was likely only to come through addressing issues associated with users (actual or potential) of IR systems, rather than continuing IR research's almost exclusive focus on document representation and matching and ranking techniques. In recent years it appears that her message has begun to be heard, yet we still have relatively few substantive results that respond to it. In this paper, I identify and discuss a few challenges for IR research which fall within the scope of association with users, and which I believe, if properly addressed, are likely to lead to substantial increases in the usefulness, usability and pleasurability of information retrieval.
Superconductivity at 95 K in the New Yb-Ba-Cu Oxide System (1987)

A reproducible superconducting transition between 83 and 95 K has been observed both resistively and magnetically in the new Yb-Ba-Cu oxide system at ambient pressure. The superconducting phase has been attributed to (Yb 1- x Ba x ) 3 Cu 2 O 7-δ which has a quite similar structure to that of Sr 3 Ti 2 O 7 but with a large oxygen deficiency.
A modified maximum likelihood method for SNR estimation in OFDM based systems (2014)

In this paper, a modified Maximum Likelihood (ML) method is proposed to estimate the noise variance as well as the corresponding signal to noise ratio (SNR) in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based receivers under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) as well as multipath fading channels without using any pilot symbols. The presented algorithm works directly in the time domain (pre-FFT method) by using the redundant information of the cyclic prefix and can be applied to any unitary or non-unitary constellation. Furthermore, all extracted parameters can be used to evaluate the signal quality within the receiver and build up applications such as Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation or adaptive synchronization algorithm design, especially for Software Defined Radio (SDR) applications. All simulations are applied to the Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB/DAB+) system and show better performance compared to the state of the art SNR estimation procedures.
Design of High-Rate QC-LDPC Encoder/Decoder for Microwave Radio Systems (2007)

A novel decoder architecture is presented for quasi- cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes. The architecture implements a min-sum algorithm and uses feedback shift-registers to store all the messages exchanged within the algorithm. This shift-register-based min-sum (SRMS) decoder does not require complex interconnections between processors and registers and is amenable to a simple, high throughput hardware implementation. A codec with the SRMS decoder for high-rate codes of length 4095 bits has been fabricated with a 0.15 mum, 1.5 V CMOS technology. The decoder has a gate count of 693 K gates and achieves a throughput of 155.52 Mbps (STM-1) using high-order QAM schemes. Measurement results show that a microwave radio system employing this LDPC codec exhibits good error performance.
Father-Daughter Incest in the Late Middle Ages: A Crime, a Sin of Lust, or a Consensual Act? (2016)

Since the 1980s, there has been an extensive bibliography on medieval incest, in an anthropological sense (i.e. an alliance prohibited by the church between two people bound by a degree of kinship regarded as too close). By contrast, few studies have been conducted on incest in the contemporary sense of the concept, that is to say, consensual or forced sexual relations committed within the immediate family, known as intra-familial incest. This article focuses on father-daughter incest, first observing the biblical and theological foundations, the literature, and the hagiography, then analyzing some trials from the criminal justice registers (libri maleficiorum) of Bologna in the fifteenth century. Father-daughter incest in the late Middle Ages was considered both a sin and a sexual crime, inviting us to question the recognition, or non-recognition, of the consent of the victim.
The Infrared and Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Two Isomers of Mesityl Oxide (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Infrared and Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Two Isomers of Mesityl OxideH. F. Gray Jr., R. S. Rasmussen, and D. D. TunnicliffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 7, 1630–1631Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01199a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01199a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Non-heme Iron(II) Complexes Containing Tripodal Tetradentate Nitrogen Ligands and Their Application in Alkane Oxidation Catalysis (2005)

A series of iron(II) bis(triflate) complexes containing tripodal tetradentate nitrogen ligands with pyridine and dimethylamine donors of the type [N(CH(2)Pyr)(3-n)()(CH(2)CH(2)NMe(2))(n)] [n = 0 (tpa, 1), n = 1 (iso-bpmen, 3), n = 2 (Me(4)-benpa, 4), n = 3 (Me(6)-tren, 5)] and the linear tetradentate ligand [(CH(2)Pyr)MeN(CH(2)CH(2))NMe(CH(2)Pyr), (bpmen, 2)] has been prepared. The preferred coordination geometry of these complexes in the solid state and in CH(2)Cl(2) solution changes from six- to five-coordinate in the order from 1 to 5. In acetonitrile, the triflate ligands of all complexes are readily displaced by acetonitrile ligands. The complex [Fe(1)(CH(3)CN)(2)](2+) is essentially low spin at room temperature, whereas ligands with fewer pyridine donors increase the preference for high-spin Fe(II). Both the number of pyridine donors and the spin state of the metal center strongly affect the intensity of a characteristic MLCT band around 400 nm. The catalytic properties of the complexes for the oxidation of alkanes have been evaluated, using cyclohexane as the substrate. Complexes containing ligands 1-3 are more active and selective catalysts, possibly operating via a metal-based oxidation mechanism, whereas complexes containing ligands 4 and 5 give rise to Fenton-type chemistry.
HPLC Separation of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Glycosides Using a Polystyrene/Divinylbenzene Column (1992)

Abstract A polystyrene-divinylbenzene column was investigated for the separation of four different classes of flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides. These analytes were separated using either methanol-water or acetonitrile-water gradients. Acetonitrile-water gradients were judged to be superior for the overall separation of the four classes of flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides. Correlations between chemical structure, and retention and separability are discussed for the various HPLC gradient systems.
Automated Measurement and Frequency Analysis of the Pneumocardiogram (1978)

The flow pneumocardiogram (PnCG), ie, measurement of cardiogenic gas movement in and out of the lung during apnea, was transduced by an in-line, high-gain pneumotachograph. A portion of the differentiated PnCG, the dPn/dt IJ wave, has been shown previously to correlate closely with left ventricular function. A simple analog device was designed and tested to measure the dPn/dt IJ amplitude on a practical beat-to-beat basis. Frequency-power spectral analysis showed the PnCG to be a low frequency phenomenon with the systolic component in the 9-to-10-Hz range. Appropriate band-pass filtering of the PnCG and its applicability as an intraoperative monitoring device are presented.
Productivity of Multiple Drainholes or Fractured Horizontal Wells (1993)

Summary This paper provides guidelines to assess the productivity of horizontal-well completions by drilling multiple drainholes or by stimulation with vertical fractures. The paper also offers reliable methods to compute productivity gains for realistic conditions.
Promoter selectivity of<i>Escherichia coli</i>RNA polymerase: alteration by fMet-tRNA<sub>f</sub><sup>Met</sup> (1986)

An in vitro mixed transcription system was employed to examine the possible alteration of the promoter selectivity of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by specific tRNAs. Transcription in vitro was inhibited by most of the tRNAs examined, although the extent of the inhibition differed with the tRNA species. The inhibition by tRNAs was due to competition with DNA for binding RNA polymerase. This inhibitory effect remained after charging of the tRNAs with amino acids. The charging of tRNAfMet with fMet, but not with Met, abolished its inhibitory effect, and instead gave a stimulatory effect on the transcription from some promoters. These observations suggest that fMet-tRNAfMet plays a specific regulatory role in the coupling of transcription to translation.
Is it possible to develop an animal model of fibromyalgia? (2009)

Graduate Program in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA *Tel.: +1 319 335 9791; fax: +1 319 335 9707. E-mail: [email protected]
Desulfurization Characteristics of CaO-SiO2-BaO-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO Refining Slag (2005)

The desulfurization characteristics of CaO-SiO2-BaO-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO refining slag were studied in laboratory with the methodology of orthogonal design. The influence of basicity, Al2 O3, MgO, BaO and CaF2 contents in slag on the desulfurization rate was analyzed and the optimum composition of refining slag was determined.