gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mainstream Methodology, Financial Markets and Global Political Economy (2008)

The experience of financial markets in the global economy is open to a variety of interpretations, based on different framings, with important consequences for economic policy. Knowledge about financial markets, and the methodology employed to build it, can be understood in terms of framing. The underlying argument of the paper is in favour of considering the framing of financial markets within an open-system approach, allowing input from other disciplines, as well as taking account of the real, often performative, implications of (closed-system) mainstream framing by policy-makers. The methodological underpinnings of, and interdependencies between, different framings among theorists, policy-makers, market players and users is explored.
Towards actor/actress identification in drama videos (1999)

This paper addresses to achieve an automated actor/actress annotation system for drama videos. As key technologies, face sequence extraction and matching methods applicable to actual drama videos are presented. The methods are then applied to realize a semi-automated actor/actress annotation system. After the system is trained using an episode of a drama series by given several tens of manual annotations to face sequences, it can automatically annotate face sequences not only of the trained episode, but of the other episodes of the drama series. Experimental results show that the system achieves around 70% accuracy in face sequence annotation using 40 manual annotations as the training set.
A New DC-Offset and I/Q-Mismatch Compensation Technique for a CMOS Direct-Conversion WLAN Transmitter (2007)

This paper presents a novel DC-offset and I/Q-mismatch compensation technique with short convergence time, high accuracy, and low-circuit-complexity. In this technique, all kinds of transmitter nonidealities, i.e. an offset and a mismatch, can be detected using adequate pair of DC test signals. The test signals are designed so that the envelope of the modulator RF outputs for each test signal fluctuates when the offset or mismatch exists. The fluctuations are converted to a baseband signal using an envelope detector which is designed as a signal dynamic range compressor to avoid saturation in following stages. The polarity of this fluctuation is detected by a comparator instead of a multi-bit analog to digital converter, and a binary-search-type algorithm optimizes parameters for the offset and mismatch compensation using the 1-bit comparator output. This technique was demonstrated in a 0.18-μm CMOS 5-GHz-band WLAN transmitter. The DC offset was suppressed to -43 dBc and the image tone was suppressed to -49 dBc.
<title>Biometric authentication for ID cards with hologram watermarks</title> (2002)

We present an analysis of a new technique for the authentication of ID cardholders, based on the integration of a biometrics-based authentication system with digital watermarks. The chosen biometric authentication method is the dynamic signature verification of the ID cardholder, while we use a specific integrity watermark technique we developed, called Hologram Watermark, to embed and retrieve the off-line data onto an ID card. We take advantage of the fact, that two static biometric features (images of the user's face and signature) are already integral part of ID cards for manual verification and extent the stored biometric information by embedding on-line handwriting features of the signature as holographic watermarks in the overall image information of an ID card. Manipulation of any of the image information can be detected and will further disallow biometric verification of the forger. The Hologram Watermark technique produces content-related data using computer-generated hologram coding techniques. These data are embedded with watermarking techniques into the personal data printed on an ID card. The content-related data in this specific application are the dynamic features of the cardholder's signature. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the suitability of dynamic signature verification in combination with the Hologram Watermark technique, to facilitate automated user authentication based on information transparently embedded in ID cards.
Estimating ocean coherence time using dual-baseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (1994)

A new technique for measuring the coherence time of the ocean surface at radar wavelengths has been developed and tested. This technique requires an interferometric synthetic aperture radar system with at least two unique baselines along the direction of platform motion. The coherence time of the surface may be presented as a high-resolution coherence time map. This technique was tested using the JPL AIRSAR along-track interferometer. Measurements of the ocean coherence at the L-band were made at high spatial resolution under a variety of conditions. A new operating technique that results in the required two baselines is described. Some parametric analysis is performed pertaining to the design of such a system. A representative interferometric data set acquired at the Strait of Messina in 1991 is presented to illustrate the technique. The interferometric phase data reveal and measure tidal currents flowing through the strait, while the coherence time image shows considerable structure not visible in the backscatter or phase image. Coherence times in and around the strait were measured to be of the order of 0.1 s at the L-band, which is in agreement with previous estimates and measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Crystallization studies on glasses (1996)

Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies have been carried out in an attempt to explain the composition dependence of the thermal crystallization behaviour of glasses. It is seen that these glasses exhibit a single glass transition and single-stage crystallization on heating. The glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature and the activation energy for crystallization are each found to exhibit an anomaly at around the composition x = 5. The anomalies observed in the thermal properties at x = 5 can be associated with rigidity percolation.
[Bone marrow histology in myelodysplastic syndromes]. (1987)

Bone biopsies of 300 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) were studied. The bone marrow findings fell into one of six categories: 1. MDS sideroblastic; 2. MDS megaloblastoid; 3. MDS proliferative; 4. MDS blastic; 5. MDS inflammatory; 6. MDS hypoplastic, which were then correlated with defined clinical entities. A comparison was made between the findings in bone marrow histology and the groups of the FAB classification based on aspirate cytology. No correspondence was found between the 5 groups of the FAB classification and the histological categories. The possible underlying bone marrow histologies for the FAB subgroups are given. Follow-up and sequential biopsies were used to establish the subsequent clinical course for each of the histological categories. The conclusion is drawn that aspirate cytology and bone marrow histology are complementary procedures and that both are required for the diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis in patients with MDS.
Understanding and improving computational science storage access through continuous characterization (2011)

Computational science applications are driving a demand for increasingly powerful storage systems. While many techniques are available for capturing the I/O behavior of individual application trial runs and specific components of the storage system, continuous characterization of a production system remains a daunting challenge for systems with hundreds of thousands of compute cores and multiple petabytes of storage. As a result, these storage systems are often designed without a clear understanding of the diverse computational science workloads they will support.In this study, we outline a methodology for scalable, con tinuous, systemwide I/O characterization that combines storage device instrumentation, static file system analysis, and a new mechanism for capturing detailed application-level behavior. This methodology allows us to quantify systemwide trends such as the way application behavior changes with job size, the "burstiness" of the storage system, and the evolution of file system contents over time. The data also can be examined by application domain to determine the most prolific storage users and also investigate how their I/O strategies correlate with I/O performance. At the most detailed level, our characterization methodology can also be used to focus on individual applications and guide tuning efforts for those applications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology by performing a multilevel, two-month study of Intrepid, a 557 teraflop IBM Blue Gene/P system. During that time, we captured application-level I/O characterizations from 6,481 unique jobs spanning 38 science and engineering projects with up to 163,840 processes per job. We also captured patterns of I/O activity in over 8 petabytes of block device traffic and summarized the con tents of file systems containing over 191 million flies. We then used the results of our study to tune example applications, highlight trends that impact the design of future storage systems, and identify opportunities for improvement in I/O characterization methodology.
A unified switched capacitor converter (2014)

Switched capacitor converter is a power conversion network without participation of magnetic components. In this paper, a Unified Switched Capacitor Converter (USCC) is proposed, which realizes step up, step down, or DC to AC conversion by altering the switch triggering patterns. Additionally, gain modulation based on topology reconfiguration can be achieved. The implementation strategy and features are explored. The efficiency characteristics of switched capacitor converter focusing on charging and discharging processes are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the topology reconfiguration of switched capacitor converter is expected to have high efficiency, for a wide modulation range. The modeling method of USCC is presented. Finally, simulation results of DC-AC conversion and MPPT control validate the wide application possibilities of proposed USCC.
Metabolite Signals Regulate Gene Expression and Source/Sink Relations in Cereal Seedlings (1994)

Our knowledge of the genetic structures and regulatory mechanisms active during cereal seedling development has increased dramatically in recent years. For this reason, a more integrated view of the molecular aspects of seedling development and physiology is needed. This review presents the Carbon Metabolite Signal Hypothesis, which attempts to explain how regulatory interactions between metabolite signals and hormonal signals participate in controlling gene expression, growth, and metabolism of the cereal seedling.
Energy, current, and success in defibrillation and cardioversion: clinical studies using an automated impedance-based method of energy adjustment. (1988)

The purposes of this study were two. First, we wanted to evaluate in patients a technique for automated adjustment of selected energy for defibrillation or cardioversion based on transthoracic impedance. Second, we wanted to define the relationship of peak current and shock success in various arrhythmias. Applying a previously validated method of predicting transthoracic impedance in advance of any shock, we modified defibrillators to automatically double the operator-selected energy if the predicted impedance exceeded 70 omega. Success rates of shocks given for ventricular and atrial arrhythmias from these modified energy-adjusting defibrillators were compared with success rates for shocks given from standard defibrillators. We prospectively collected data on 347 patients who received a total of 1009 shocks. Low-energy (100 J) shocks given to high-impedance (greater than or equal to 70 omega) patients had a poor success rate; in such high-impedance patients significant improvement in shock success rate was achieved by the energy-adjusting defibrillators. For example, when 100 J shocks were selected for high-impedance patients in ventricular fibrillation the energy-adjusting defibrillators achieved a shock success rate of 75%, whereas standard defibrillators achieved a shock success rate of only 36% (p less than .01). Similar improvements were seen for ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. Thus, automated energy adjustment based on transthoracic impedance is a beneficial approach to defibrillation and cardioversion. For ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter there was a clear relationship between peak current and shock success.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Attenuated liver fibrosis in the absence of B cells (2005)

Analysis of mononuclear cells in the adult mouse liver revealed that B cells represent as much as half of the intrahepatic lymphocyte population. Intrahepatic B cells (IHB cells) are phenotypically similar to splenic B2 cells but express lower levels of CD23 and CD21 and higher levels of CD5. IHB cells proliferate as well as splenic B cells in response to anti-IgM and LPS stimulation in vitro. VDJ gene rearrangements in IHB cells contain insertions of N,P region nucleotides characteristic of B cells maturing in the adult bone marrow rather than in the fetal liver. To evaluate whether B cells can have an impact on liver pathology, we compared CCl4-induced fibrosis development in B cell-deficient and wild-type mice. CCl4 caused similar acute liver injury in mutant and wild-type mice. However, following 6 weeks of CCl4 treatment, histochemical analyses showed markedly reduced collagen deposition in B cell-deficient as compared with wild-type mice. By analyzing mice that have normal numbers of B cells but lack either T cells or immunoglobulin in the serum, we established that B cells have an impact on fibrosis in an antibody- and T cell-independent manner.
The cAMP–Protein Kinase A Signal Transduction Pathway Modulates Ethanol Consumption and Sedative Effects of Ethanol (2001)

Ethanol and other drugs of abuse modulate cAMP-PKA signaling within the mesolimbic reward pathway. To understand the role of the cAMP-PKA signal transduction in mediating the effects of ethanol, we have studied ethanol consumption and the sedative effects of ethanol in three lines of genetically modified mice. We report that mice with the targeted disruption of one Gsalpha allele as well as mice with reduced neuronal PKA activity have decreased alcohol consumption compared with their wild-type littermates. Genetic reduction of cAMP-PKA signaling also makes mice more sensitive to the sedative effects of ethanol, although plasma ethanol concentrations are unaffected. In contrast, mice with increased adenylyl cyclase activity resulting from the transgenic expression of a constitutively active form of Gsalpha in neurons within the forebrain are less sensitive to the sedative effects of ethanol. Thus, the cAMP-PKA signal transduction pathway is critical in modulating sensitivity to the sedative effects of ethanol as well as influencing alcohol consumption.
Gas dynamics of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry interface (1988)

The documented properties of free jet expansions and molecular beam skimming have been applied to the sampling of an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) for mass spectrometry. It is shown that in the flow through the sampler and skimmer, the density and gas kinetic temperature of the plasma drop so rapidly that the degree of ionisation is frozen at that degree of ionisation of the source and little ion-molecule chemistry occurs. Provided the free jet is skimmed properly, a representative sample of ions from the ICP can be obtained.
Id: A Target of BMP Signaling (2002)

Cytokines of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily transduce their signals by activating receptor-regulated Smads (R-Smads). Distinct R-Smads or combinations of R-Smads are activated by TGF-beta, activin, or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). R-Smads activated by BMPs induce expression of Id proteins, which act as inhibitors of differentiation and stimulators of cell growth by inhibiting the function of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. In endothelial cells, TGF-beta binds to two distinct type I receptor serine-threonine kinases, ALK-5 and ALK-1; the latter activates the same R-Smads that are activated by BMP and induces synthesis of Id (inhibitor of differentiation or inhibitor of DNA binding) proteins. Growing evidence suggests that Id proteins may play crucial roles in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis and act as key molecules in regulating biological responses induced by BMPs and TGF-beta.
An ontology for automated negotiation (2002)

This paper proposes a novel approach to negotiation, in which the negotiation protocol to adopt is not coded within the agents but it is expressed in terms of a common shared ontology that is shared by the agents in order to participate to a negotiation session. The negotiation ontology is defined in a way general enough to support a wide variety of market mechanisms, thus being particularly suitable for exible applications such as electronic commerce. The paper describes the negotiation ontology and provides a walkthrough example describing how the proposed approach could be used to model protocols for auctions.
Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) (2020)

The Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) is a data format whose
design goals include the possibility of extremely small code size,
fairly small message size, and extensibility without the need for
version negotiation. These design goals make it different from earlier
binary serializations such as ASN.1 and MessagePack.
Exploratory Analysis of Time-Series with ChronoLenses (2011)

Visual representations of time-series are useful for tasks such as identifying trends, patterns and anomalies in the data. Many techniques have been devised to make these visual representations more scalable, enabling the simultaneous display of multiple variables, as well as the multi-scale display of time-series of very high resolution or that span long time periods. There has been comparatively little research on how to support the more elaborate tasks associated with the exploratory visual analysis of timeseries, e.g., visualizing derived values, identifying correlations, or discovering anomalies beyond obvious outliers. Such tasks typically require deriving new time-series from the original data, trying different functions and parameters in an iterative manner. We introduce a novel visualization technique called ChronoLenses, aimed at supporting users in such exploratory tasks. ChronoLenses perform on-the-fly transformation of the data points in their focus area, tightly integrating visual analysis with user actions, and enabling the progressive construction of advanced visual analysis pipelines.
The bioavailability of calcium in the form of pyruvate, carbonate, citrate–malate in healthy postmenopausal women (2015)

There is an ongoing controversy respecting calcium supplementation and its role in osteoporosis treatment and prevention. Ca can be present in different forms that are likely to vary in their chemical properties and bioavailability. This is the first study to investigate the bioavailability of calcium pyruvate (CaPyr) and to compare it with calcium citrate malate (CaCitrMalt) and calcium carbonate (CaCarb).We performed a double-blind, four-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (crossover design with 14-day washout) in which 1 g of Ca in each of these forms was administrated orally to 12 healthy postmenopausal women fasted prior to intervention. The greatest increase in serum Ca content was observed within the first 180 min although no statistically significant difference was found in the area under the plasma concentration curve between the studied supplement groups. The urinary Ca content in the 0- to 12-h interval increased after CaCitrMalt and CaPyr administration with the greatest values observed for the former. All the studied formulas decreased the intact parathyroid hormone level in serum although the greatest change was observed for CaPyr and CaCarb. The administration of CaPyr induced gastrointestinal side effects, dyspepsia and diarrhea in 16.6 % of the studied individuals. No serious adverse events were noted. CaPyr demonstrates both a promising source of Ca and a potential for use in osteoporosis prevention. Further investigations should focus on the long-term dietary effects of CaPyr supplementation to assess its safety and potential beneficial effect on human Ca turnover.
Cholesterol is converted to 7 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid in liver mitochondria. Evidence for a mitochondrial sterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. (1992)

The metabolism of cholesterol in isolated intact pig liver mitochondria has been investigated. Six major cholesterol metabolites were identified by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, the metabolic end product being 7 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid. Incubations with the synthesized intermediates suggested that the major pathway from cholesterol to this acid proceeds via the sequence of 26-hydroxylation, 7 alpha-hydroxylation, further oxidation of the side chain and oxidation/isomerization in the A-ring. The observed reactions prove that in addition to a sterol 26-hydroxylase, pig liver mitochondria contain significant amounts of a 7 alpha-hydroxylase active on side chain oxygenated 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-C27 steroids, an oxidoreductase active in the side chain of 26-hydroxylated steroids and a 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5 steroid oxidoreductase active on 7 alpha-hydroxylated C27 steroids. Since 7 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid is believed to be an important precursor of chenodeoxycholic acid, this study shows that the first reactions in the biosynthesis of bile acids can be exclusively mitochondrial and thereby bypass microsomal cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase as the rate-limiting enzyme.
Some substituted 9-phenylxanthen-9-yl protecting groups (1991)

Xanthen-9-one 8 was converted into 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, 9-(4-methylphenyl)- and 9-[3(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-xanthen-9-ol (10; R1= OMe, R2= H, 10; R1= Me, R2= H, and 10; R1= H, R2= CF3, respectively). The corresponding 5′-protected thymidine derivatives (13; R1= OMe, R2= H, 13; R1= Me, R2= H and 13; R1= H, R2= CF3) were obtained in satisfactory yields from thymidine 12 and the appropriate 9-chloro compounds (11; R1= OMe, R2= H, 11; R1= Me, R2= H and 11; R1= H, R2= CF3). In the same way, 2,7-dibromoxanthen-9-one 14 was converted into two 9-aryl-2,7-dibromoxanthen-9-ols (compounds 15a and 15b). Reaction between thymidine 12 and the corresponding 9-chlorocompounds gave the 5′-protected thymidine derivatives 16a and 16b, also in satisfactory yields. The rates of acid-catalysed cleavage of the above five 5′-protected thymidine derivatives (13; R1= OMe, R2= H, 13; R1= Me, R2= H and 13; R1= H, R2= CF3), 16a and 16b were compared with those of 5′-O-(9-phenylxanthen-9-yl)thymidine 13; R1= R2= H and 5′-O-(triphenylmethyl)thymidine 3a; B = thymin-1-yl under the same conditions.