gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous obstructed nearest neighbor queries in spatial databases (2009)

In this paper, we study a novel form of continuous nearest neighbor queries in the presence of obstacles, namely continuous obstructed nearest neighbor (CONN) search. It considers the impact of obstacles on the distance between objects, which is ignored by most of spatial queries. Given a data set P, an obstacle set O, and a query line segment q in a two-dimensional space, a CONN query retrieves the nearest neighbor of each point on q according to the obstructed distance, i.e., the shortest path between them without crossing any obstacle. We formulate CONN search, analyze its unique properties, and develop algorithms for exact CONN query processing, assuming that both P and O are indexed by conventional data-partitioning indices (e.g., R-trees). Our methods tackle the CONN retrieval by performing a single query for the entire query segment, and only process the data points and obstacles relevant to the final result, via a novel concept of control points and an efficient quadratic-based split point computation algorithm. In addition, we extend our solution to handle the continuous obstructed k-nearest neighbor (COkNN) search, which finds the k (≥1)nearest neighbors to every point along q based on obstructed distances. A comprehensive experimental evaluation using both real and synthetic datasets has been conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms.
A framework for cognitive monitoring using computer game interactions. (2007)

Many countries are faced with a rapidly increasing economic and social challenge of caring for their elderly population. Cognitive issues are at the forefront of the list of concerns. People over the age of 75 are at risk for medically related cognitive decline and confusion, and the early detection of cognitive problems would allow for more effective clinical intervention. However, standard cognitive assessments are not diagnostically sensitive and are performed infrequently. To address these issues, we have developed a set of adaptive computer games to monitor cognitive performance in a home environment. Assessment algorithms for various aspects of cognition are embedded in the games. The monitoring of these metrics allows us to detect within subject trends over time, providing a method for the early detection of cognitive decline. In addition, the real-time information on cognitive state is used to adapt the user interface to the needs of the individual user. In this paper we describe the software architecture and methodology for monitoring cognitive performance using data from natural computer interactions in a home setting.
Sharing Software with ROS [ROS Topics] (2010)

Robot operating system (ROS) is designed to promote code sharing and enable the development of open-source robotics commons. Sharing code will help the robotics community to progress faster by letting the researchers in the community replicate and extend the results of other research groups. ROS makes it easy to find the software and integrate it into robot systems. This article discusses about how sharing is facilitated by ros.org Web site. ROS contains the software stacks for everything, from building blocks such as controllers and filters to applications. ROS is making it possible for researchers around the world to work together to advance robotics.
Alterations in Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism after Traumatic Brain Injury in Children (2012)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of acquired disability in children. Metabolic defects, and in particular mitochondrial dysfunction, are important contributors to brain injury after TBI. Studies of metabolic dysfunction are limited, but magnetic resonance methods suitable for use in children are overcoming this limitation. We performed noninvasive measurements of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolic index (OMI) to assess metabolic dysfunction in children with severe TBI. Cerebral blood flow is variable after TBI but hypoperfusion and low OMI are predominant, supporting metabolic dysfunction. This finding is consistent with preclinical and adult clinical studies of brain metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction after TBI.
Numerical-Simulation Investigation of the Effect of Heavy-Oil Viscosity on the Performance of Hydrocarbon Additives in SAGD (2012)

Summary Heavy oil and bitumen are expected to become increasingly important sources of fuel in the coming decades. There are extensive deposits in Alberta that could be a principal source of fuel in the coming century. The Athabasca oil sands, the largest petroleum accumulation in the world; the Cold Lake oil deposit; and the Lloydminster reservoir are all major Canadian oil-sands deposits. Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), which has shown considerable promise in all three of these major deposits, remains an expensive technique and requires large energy input. The energy intensity of SAGD and the environmental concerns make it imperative to find new oil-extraction technologies. Coinjecting hydrocarbon additives with steam offers the potential of lower energy and water consumption and reduced green-house-gas emission by improving the oil rates and recoveries. In a previous paper by the same authors (Hosseininejad Mohebati et al. 2010), we showed that the selection of a suitable hydrocarbon additive and the effectiveness of this hybrid process are strongly dependent on the operating conditions, reservoir-fluid composition, the heavy-oil viscosity, and the petrophysical properties of the reservoir. Among these factors, the heavy-oil viscosity, which is the main difference between these three reservoirs, could be a very important parameter in the performance of this hybrid process. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the hydrocarbon additives to SAGD for these three oil-sand deposits separately. Extensive numerical studies in a 3D model by means of a fully implicit thermal simulator were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of each hydrocarbon additive with different heavy-oil viscosities (resembling those of Athabasca bitumen, Cold Lake heavy oil, and Lloydminster heavy oil). Varying mole percents of hexane, butane, and methane were coinjected with steam to each reservoir with different heavy-oil viscosity. The optimum amount of hydrocarbon injection was reported in each case. This culminated in a novel method for selecting the most advantageous hydrocarbon additive and its optimum concentration considering the heavy-oil viscosity.
Sol−Gel Transition Temperature of PLGA-<i>g</i>-PEG Aqueous Solutions (2002)

Aqueous solutions of poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers exhibited sol-to-gel transition with increasing temperature. Further increase in temperature makes the system flow and form a sol phase again. Subcutaneous injection of a copolymer aqueous solution (0.5 mL) resulted in a formation of a hydrogel depot by temperature-sensitive sol-to-gel transition in a rat model. The reliable determination and control of sol-to-gel transition temperatures are the most important issues for this kind of sol-gel reversible hydrogel. The sol-to-gel transition temperature determined by the test tube inverting method, falling ball method, and dynamic mechanical analysis coincided within 1-2 degrees C. Fine tuning of the sol-to-gel transition temperature was achieved by varying the ionic strength of the polymer solutions and by mixing two polymer aqueous solutions with different sol-to-gel transition temperatures. The sol-to-gel transition temperature of polymer mixture aqueous solutions was well described by an empirical equation of miscible blends, indicating miscibility of the two polymer systems in water on the molecular level.
Utilizing Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) for power oscillation damping (2009)

This paper studies the capability of the DPFC to damp low frequency power oscillation. The POD controller parameters are calculated by using the residue method. It is shown that the DPFC has the capability of damping multiple frequency oscillations at the same time. Since the DPFC has three degrees of freedoms, the potential for POD is larger than for other devices, like SVC, TCSC, and SSSC.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION OF SOME DIPHENYLACETHYDROXIMIC ACID CHLORIDES (1983)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (I ) reagieren unter basischen Bedingungen über dehydrohalogenierte, dipolare Zwischenverbindungen zu den entsprechenden Oxadiazoloxiden (II) u. mit KOC N (III) zu den Oxadiazolonderivaten ( IV).
Concept of hood design for possible reduction in pedestrian head injury (1995)

This paper presents the result of a research on rigidity characteristics of the body which might help reduce head injuries, and on the specific structures designed to meet these requirements. The possible force-deformation (F-S) characteristics of the hood which makes the severity of head injuries no more than Head Injury Criterion (HIC) 1000 was first investigated. Then, candidate structures that might realize such F-S characteristics were studied using laboratory impact tests and computer simulations. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 894848.
Novel phthalocyanines containing cardanol derivatives (2003)

The synthesis and characterization of metal-free and metallo derivatives ( Cu , Zn , Ni , Pd ) of tetra-substituted phthalocyanines are described. The new compounds contain as a peripheral substituent 3-n-pentadecylphenol, a component of cardanol, which is a renewable organic source.
Proton, deuteron, and helium implantation into GaAs and LiNbO3 for waveguide fabrication (1985)

Hydrogen and helium implantation into GaAs, LiNbO3, and other crystals has been shown to produce planar or channel waveguides via defects/damage and/or carrier removal or compensation. We have measured implanted depth distributions of 1H, 2H, and 4He in GaAs and LiNbO3 as functions of ion energy, ion fluence, substrate temperature, and annealing temperature using secondary ion mass spectrometry. We have studied the defect depth distribution for hydrogen-implanted GaAs by transmission electron microscopy. We have determined the lateral spread of 1H and 2H ions implanted into GaAs by varying the angle of implantation; this relates to the increase in width of closely spaced parallel channel waveguides made using patterned masks.
Transient photoresponse in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin films under stretched exponential analysis (2013)

We investigated transient photoresponse and Hall effect in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin films and observed a stretched exponential response which allows characterization of the activation energy spectrum with only three fit parameters. Measurements of as-grown films and 350 K annealed films were conducted at room temperature by recording conductivity, carrier density, and mobility over day-long time scales, both under illumination and in the dark. Hall measurements verify approximately constant mobility, even as the photoinduced carrier density changes by orders of magnitude. The transient photoconductivity data fit well to a stretched exponential during both illumination and dark relaxation, but with slower response in the dark. The inverse Laplace transforms of these stretched exponentials yield the density of activation energies responsible for transient photoconductivity. An empirical equation is introduced, which determines the linewidth of the activation energy band from the stretched exponential parameter β. Dry annealing at 350 K is observed to slow the transient photoresponse.
A β-1,3- <i>N</i> -acetylglucosaminyltransferase with poly- <i>N</i> -acetyllactosamine synthase activity is structurally related to β-1,3-galactosyltransferases (1999)

Human and mouse cDNAs encoding a new beta-1, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (beta3GnT) have been isolated from fetal and newborn brain libraries. The human and mouse cDNAs included ORFs coding for predicted type II transmembrane polypeptides of 329 and 325 aa, respectively. The human and mouse beta3GnT homologues shared 90% similarity. The beta3GnT gene was widely expressed in human and mouse tissues, although differences in the transcript levels were visible, thus indicating possible tissue-specific regulation mechanisms. The beta3GnT enzyme showed a marked preference for Gal(beta1-4)Glc(NAc)-based acceptors, whereas no activity was detected on type 1 Gal(beta1-3)GlcNAc and O-glycan core 1 Gal(beta1-3)GalNAc acceptors. The new beta3GnT enzyme was capable of both initiating and elongating poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains, which demonstrated its identity with the poly-N-acetyllactosamine synthase enzyme (E.C. 2.4.1.149), showed no similarity with the i antigen beta3GnT enzyme described recently, and, strikingly, included several amino acid motifs in its protein that have been recently identified in beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase enzymes. The comparison between the new UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta3GnT and the three UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta-1,3-galactosyltransferases-I, -II, and -III reveals glycosyltransferases that share conserved sequence motifs though exhibiting inverted donor and acceptor specificities. This suggests that the conserved amino acid motifs likely represent residues required for the catalysis of the glycosidic (beta1-3) linkage.
Chesapeake (2007)

Journal Article Chesapeake Get access Susan Schmidt Susan Schmidt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ISLE: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment, Volume 14, Issue 2, Summer 2007, Pages 243–245, https://doi.org/10.1093/isle/14.2.243 Published: 01 July 2007
Internet advertising: The medium is the difference (2000)

The underlying full‐duplex networked organization of the Internet transforms the traditional one‐way relationship between advertisers and consumers that is inherent in standard advertising. Internet content providers take on both the roles of conduits and interaction enablers in a two‐way interaction with prospective consumers.
Temperature Dependence of the Reduction of Phthalic Thioanhydrides by NaBH4: Competition between 3-Hydroxythiolactone and Phthalide Formation (2002)

The reduction of phthalic thioanhydrides with NaBH4 at between 0 and −20 °C leads to the selective formation of 3-hydroxy-2-thiophthalides, whereas higher temperatures favour the formation of the corresponding phthalide derivatives. A mechanism is proposed that can explain these observations. Kinetic control at low temperatures leads to an improved stability of the intermediate alkoxide, thus allowing isolation of the γ-hydroxythiolactone after subsequent acidification of the reaction mixture. In this way the formation of the thermodynamically favoured phthalide derivative is avoided. Further reduction of the γ-hydroxythiolactone with AcOH/57% aqueous HI yields 2-thiophthalides, useful precursors for conducting polymers. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
Prevalences and clinical signs of polysaccharide storage myopathy and shivers in Belgian Draft Horses (2005)

Results suggest that PSSM and shivers are common but unrelated disorders in BDHs.
Turbulent and conjugate heat transfer simulation for gas turbine application (2005)

Welcome to the WIT Press eLibrary - the home of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute collection, providing on-line access to papers presented at the Institute's prestigious international conferences and from its State-of-the-Art in Science & Engineering publications.
Efficient query refinement for image retrieval (2002)

Although powerful image representations have been proposed for content-based image retrieval, most of the current systems are "rigid", i.e. they retrieve a fixed set of images as response to a given query and an image feature. In this paper, our goal is to introduce tools for making image retrieval systems more flexible. More precisely, we use multiple image features, and present in details a new relevance feedback technique that integrates the positive and negative examples provided by the user. Experimental results on various large databases show that the proposed technique is more performant than the standard relevance feedback approach.
Development of the rat superior cervical ganglion: ganglion cell maturation (1985)

The development of superior cervical ganglion cells has been studied in the fetal rat. Sympathetic cells appear first in thoracic sites and, one day later, in cervical sites; localized proliferation among these cells gives rise to the superior cervical and stellate ganglia. The maturation of superior cervical ganglion cells was examined by staining these neurons with horseradish peroxidase in fetal preparations maintained in vitro. This method showed that cells begin to extend processes at widely different times, without regard to a given cell's position in the ganglion. Postganglionic axons appear as early as day 12 of gestation (E12), when only a small number of ganglion cells have emerged from the mitotic cycle. The axon generally originates from a point on the ganglion cell body that is oriented toward the route of subsequent axon extension. As the postganglionic axons grow, they do not branch within the superior cervical ganglion and branch only to a slight extent, if at all, within developing peripheral nerves. Axonal growth is rapid, and fibers reach relatively remote sympathetic targets as early as E15. Dendrites first appear on E14 and are elaborated by ganglion cells that have already extended their axons. By the end of gestation, the number of primary dendrites found on some cells already falls within the range found in maturity.
Synergistic Effects of Leucine and β‐Hydroxy‐β‐Methyl‐ Butyrate (HMB) with Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitors on Sirtuin Activation (2013)

We recently demonstrated leucine and HMB synergy with resveratrol and other polyphenols to activate sirtuin signaling and downstream pathways, including mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Since resveratrol also activates Sirt1 via PDE inhibition with AMPK activation, we determined synergy between leucine or HMB and low‐dose PDE inhibitors in stimulating aerobic metabolism in adipocytes and myotubes. PDE inhibitors were studied at concentrations that exerted no independent effects in the systems studied (0.1 – 10 nM); only PDE 5 inhibitors (sildenafil and icariin) exhibited synergy with leucine (0.5 mM) or HMB (5 μM) in stimulating fat oxidation in myotubes (~200%, p=0.003) and adipocytes (~100%, p<0.05). Both PDE inhibitors exhibited comparable synergy with leucine and HMB in increasing NO production (~50%: p<0.0003) and corresponding increases in mitochondrial biogenesis (~15–30%, p<0.01). Thus, leucine‐dependent Sirt1/AMPK signaling synergizes with PDE 5‐regulated cGMP signaling to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and aerobic metabolism, resulting in significant effects at concentrations that are ~1% of the therapeutically‐effective plasma concentrations of these drugs.
Is haematopoietic stem cell transplantation a treatment option for severe MS or not? (2007)

A number of treatments are now available to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) among them several beta interferons (IFN-β) and glatiramer acetate (GA) for relapsing–remitting MS (RR-MS), and mitoxantrone and natalizumab for aggressive forms of RR-MS and those patients who have failed the first line therapies IFN-β and GA. With mitoxantrone and natalizumab, higher efficacy comes at the price of more and more severe adverse events among them secondary leukaemias and compromise of cardiac function (mitoxantrone), and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)(natalizumab). Numerous other therapies that fall in the latter category are currently in development including alemtuzumab (Campath-1), fingolimode (FTY-720), cladribine and others. All these approaches share several characteristics. They all target the inflammatory phase of MS; with the exception of fingolimode, they all have to be injected; and their potential risks are higher than those of IFN-β and GA. Hence, their use needs to be weighed carefully, and patient involvement in treatment decisions is paramount.

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) appears to represent yet a further escalation. Autologous HSCT encompasses mobilization and preservation of autologous haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs); subsequently, in most cases, myeloablative immunosuppression by a combination of chemotherapeutic drugs and often total body irradiation (TBI); and later the reinfusion of HSCs (Tyndall …
Right Duct Lymph Flow in Experimental Heart Failure Following Acute Elevation of Left Atrial Pressure (1967)

We measured the pulmonary lymph flow in dogs with mild congestive failure before and after acute elevation of the left atrial pressure to 40 cm of water. The creation of an aorticocaval fistula and the administration of desoxycorti-costerone trimethylacetate and a salt enriched diet in 6 dogs produced mild pulmonary edema and partial expansion of the pulmonary lymphatics 10 to 12 days postoperatively. Elevation of the left atrial pressure to 40 cm of water under pentobarbital anesthesia led to an immediate increase in right duct flow in the "mild failure" dogs, in contrast to a delayed flow in normal dogs. The average peak flows in the 10- to 12-day dogs after increasing the left atrial pressure were higher than the peak flows observed in normal dogs. In addition, the mild failure dogs survived twice as long as normal dogs after acute elevation of the left atrial pressure. These results suggest that an animal with an expanded pulmonary lymph system is better able to withstand the stress of acute elevation of left atrial pressure than a normal animal. The pulmonary lymph system may serve as an important compensatory mechanism in the prevention of fulminating pulmonary edema.
Myo-inositol in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A novel method for ovulation induction (2007)

Myo-inositol is a simple and safe treatment that is capable of restoring spontaneous ovarian activity and consequently fertility in most patients with PCOS. This therapy did not cause multiple pregnancy.
Antioxidants and Coronary Artery Disease (1995)

An increasing body of evidence suggests that free radicals can contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in general and coronary artery disease (CAD) in particular and that antioxidant nutrients may be important in their prevention. The antioxidant vitamins A, E and C and β-carotene have been most studied, although selenium and other minerals also have recognized importance. The hypothesis has been explored using descriptive and cross-sectional studies, by case-control and prospective cohort studies and in randomized clinical trials. While not entirely consistent, overall the evidence already supports the use of antioxidants in CAD. Several large-scale randomized trials currently in progress will provide more powerful evidence of the usefulness of antioxidants in both the primary and secondary prevention of CAD. This paper reviews the state of the evidence to date.