gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repeating covalent structure and protective immunogenicity of native and synthetic polypeptide fragments of type 24 streptococcal M protein. Mapping of protective and nonprotective epitopes with monoclonal antibodies. (1983)

The complete amino acid sequences of three cyanogen bromide peptide fragments (CB3, CB4, and CB50 of type 24 M protein extracted from Streptococcus pyogenes by limited pepsin digestion were determined by automated Edman degradation of the uncleaved peptides and their tryptic peptides. CB3 and CB4 each contain 35 amino acid residues, whereas CB5 contains 37. The sequence of CB3 was found to be: (formula: see text) (where Hse represents homoserine). The sequence of CB4 was identical except for amino acid substitutions of arginine and glutamine at positions 23 and 24, respectively. The sequence of CB5 also was identical with that of CB3 except for substitutions of aspartic acids at positions 28 and 29; leucine, glutamic acid, and glycine at positions 33, 34, and 35, respectively; and an additional two amino acids, alanine and homoserine, at positions 36 and 37, respectively. A comparison of the structures of these three peptide fragments with those previously reported for CB6 and CB7 revealed as few as one to six amino acid substitutions among the five repeating peptides; CB4 and CB6 differed only by a single Asp/Glu substitution at position 26. When covalently linked to polylysine and injected as an emulsion in complete Freund's adjuvant, CB3, CB4, and CB5 each evoked high titers of type-specific opsonic and bactericidal antibodies in rabbits. A chemically synthesized peptide identical with native CB3 except that it contained methionine instead of homoserine at its COOH terminus was similarly immunogenic. None of the conjugated native or synthetic peptides raised antibodies at reacted in immunofluorescence tests with sarcolemmal membranes of human heart tissue. Mapping studies with monoclonal antibodies revealed a number of distinct protective and nonprotective epitopes. The single Asp/Glu substitution between CB4 and CB4 rendered the 35-residue peptide unrecognizable by protective monoclonal antibodies but recognizable by a nonprotective one. Our studies demonstrate that the repeating covalent structures of native and chemically synthesized polypeptide fragments of streptococcal M protein possess several unique as well as repeating epitopes that evoke opsonic and presumably protective, but not heart cross-reactive, antibodies against a rheumatogenic strain of S. pyogenes.
Design and implementation of an FPGA‐based timing pulse programmer for pulsed‐electron paramagnetic resonance applications (2013)

The design, construction and implementation of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) -based pulse programmer for pulsed-electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments is described. The FPGA pulse programmer offers advantages in design flexibility and cost over previous pulse programmers, that are based on commercial digital delay generators, logic pattern generators, and application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designs. The FPGA pulse progammer features a novel transition-based algorithm and command protocol, that is optimized for the timing structure required for most pulsed magnetic resonance experiments. The algorithm was implemented by using a Spartan-6 FPGA (Xilinx), which provides an easily accessible and cost effective solution for FPGA interfacing. An auxiliary board was designed for the FPGA-instrument interface, which buffers the FPGA outputs for increased power consumption and capacitive load requirements. Device specifications include: Nanosecond pulse formation (transition edge rise/fall times, ≤3 ns), low jitter (≤150 ps), large number of channels (16 implemented; 48 available), and long pulse duration (no limit). The hardware and software for the device were designed for facile reconfiguration to match user experimental requirements and constraints. Operation of the device is demonstrated and benchmarked by applications to 1-D electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) and 2-D hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) experiments. The FPGA approach is transferrable to applications in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR; magnetic resonance imaging, MRI), and to pulse perturbation and detection bandwidths in spectroscopies up through the optical range.
P-CLASSIC: a tractable probablistic description logic (1997)

Knowledge representation languages invariably reflect a trade-off between expressivity and tractability. Evidence suggests that the compromise chosen by description logics is a particularly successful one. However, description logiC (as for all vanants of first-order logic) is severely limited in its ability to express uncertainty. In this paper, we present P-CLASSIC, a probabilistic version of the description logiC CLASSIC. In addition to teoninological knowledge, the language utilizes Bayesian networks to express uncertainty about the basic properties of an individual, the number of fillers for its roles, and the properties of these fillers. We provide a semantics for P-CLASSIC and an effective inference procedure for probabilistic subsumption: computing the probability that a random individual in class C is also in class D. The effectiveness of the algorithm relies on independence assumptions and on our ability to execute lifted inference: reasoning about similar individuals as a group rather than as separate ground teons. We show that the complexity of the inference algorithm is the best that can be hoped for in a language that combines description logic with Bayesian networks. In particular, if we restrict to Bayesian networks that support polynomial time inference, the complexity of our inference procedure is also polynomial time.
Big Data Mobile Services for New York City Taxi Riders and Drivers (2016)

In recent years, taxis in New York City have been equipped with GPS sensors to record the start and end locations of every trip, in conjunction with fare collection equipment recording trip time, fare, and distance. This paper analyzes this vast dataset with big data technologies. We use MapReduce and Hive in order to understand traffic and travel patterns, discover relationships among the data, and make predictions on the taxi network. We also propose a service model combining the results of our data analysis with smartphone applications to offer users various taxi-related services based on results of our big data analysis.
Critical Evaluation of Shale Gas Reservoir Simulation Approaches: Single-Porosity and Dual-Porosity Modeling (2011)

Abstract Hydraulic fractures play a paramount role in the economical production of gas from shale gas formations. In the context of representing these formations as either single-porosity (SP) or dual-porosity (DP) media, different approaches have been used to represent the fractures in reservoir simulation models; for example, bi-wing planar planes, planar fracture networks, local grid refinements (LGR), discrete facture networks, hydraulic propped zones, and mircoseismic-based fracture networks. With their relatively short production histories, and because of the single-phase (gas) or two-phase (gas and water) nature of their production, most simulation models can reasonably history match the performance of any shale gas production well. This paper reviews the evolution of different reservoir simulation models (SP-planar fracture, SP-planar fracture network, DP, DP-LGR, and DP-microseismic-based fracture network). Differences in SP and DP models are discussed, and examples demonstrate a match of the actual production from a shale gas well with the long-term prediction of each model.
Distillation and Absorption in Packed Columns A Convenient Design and Correlation Method (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDistillation and Absorption in Packed Columns A Convenient Design and Correlation MethodT. H. Chilton and A. P. ColburnCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1935, 27, 3, 255–260Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50303a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50303a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2110Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Real Scan Evolution. (1982)

This report describes the development and evaluation of a computer graphics algorithm capable of rendering high detail imagery of real world visual environments modeled as a single valued elevation function of horizontal location. The objective of the development was to analyze the feasibility of a real time implementation. The results indicate that, although technically feasible, the real time implementation is too computationally expensive to consider. Recommendations for future work to reduce expenses are made. (Author)
Conserved Nodulation Genes in <i>Rhizobium meliloti</i> and <i>Rhizobium trifolii</i> (1985)

Plasmids which contained wild-type or mutated Rhizobium meliloti nodulation (nod) genes were introduced into NodR. trifolii mutants ANU453 and ANU851 and tested for their ability to nodulate clover. Cloned wild-type and mutated R. meliloti nod gene segments restored ANU851 to Nod, with the exception of nodD mutants. Similarly, wild-type and mutant R. meliloti nod genes complemented ANU453 to Nod, except for nodCII mutants. Thus, ANU851 identifies the equivalent of the R. meliloti nodD genes, and ANU453 specifies the equivalent of the R. meliloti nodCII genes. In addition, cloned wild-type R. trifolii nod genes were introduced into seven R. meliloti Nod mutants. All seven mutants were restored to Nod on alfalfa. Our results indicate that these genes represent common nodulation functions and argue for an allelic relationship between nod genes in R. meliloti and R. trifolii.
Effect of methacrylic acid:methyl methacrylate monomer ratios on polymerization rates and properties of polymethyl methacrylates (1997)

Five binary formulations were prepared from methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) monomers, and six ternary formulations were prepared from polysols of 30% wt polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/MMA and MAA. Using thermal analyses (DSC and TGA) the polymerization kinetics, condition of postcuring, relative amount of residual monomers, and glass transition temperature (Tg) were determined. From bar-shaped samples, 25 × 5 × 0.9 mm in dimensions, mechanical properties [flexural moduli (E) and maximum strengths (σ)] were measured in three-point bending. Polymerization kinetics of binary formulations improved over pure PMMA (from 15 to 4 min) as a result of over a 60-fold increase in propagation-to-termination constants (Kp/Kt) of MAA/MMA. The further addition of PMMA increased the viscosity, slowed down termination, and, consequently, improved the polymerization kinetics twofold. These enhancements occurred without a substantive change in the Tg of the ternary system (ca. 107°C) over pure PMMA (ca. 112°C). Moreover, the Es of the four ternary formulations averaged 2.94 GPa, which was comparable with many values reported in the literature. In contrast the σs of these same formulations averaged 97 MPa, which was about 25% better than earlier investigations of pure acrylic. When a thermoplastic material is required for pultruding profiles that cure fast and have good thermal-mechanical properties, ternaries of PMMA/MMA/MAA should be considered. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Glycoprotein I of Varicella-Zoster Virus Is Required for Viral Replication in Skin and T Cells (2002)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein I (gI) is dispensable in cell culture; the SCIDhu model of VZV pathogenesis was used to determine whether gI is necessary in vivo. The parental and repaired viruses grew in human skin and thymus/liver implants, but the gI deletion mutant was not infectious. Thus, gI is essential for VZV infectivity in skin and T cells.
Improving HSDPA link adaptation by considering the age of channel quality feedback information (2006)

In this paper, we present an enhanced link adapta- tion mechanism for the high speed downlink packet access (HS- DPA) in UMTS, which takes the age of channel quality feedback information into account. This way, the system performance can be significantly improved, especially for large channel quality feedback cycles (k-factors). In order to quantify the achievable performance improvement, we present results obtained from extensive system-level simulations. Inter alia, it is shown that using the proposed link adaptation mechanism can lead to an increase in the cell capacity of up to 45%. By applying the proposed method, the disadvantages of using large k-factors consequently can be considerably reduced while the advantages remain the same.
The Impact of Color Coding in Program Debugging (1992)

The potential of using color as a program debugging aid was investigated in this research. The study assessed program debugging performance of eighteen subjects in three different color coding conditions: black and white, color-grouping that arranged loops and nested structures in five shades of green, and color-flagging that highlighted potential error areas in orange. Completion time, accuracy, and types of error detected, subjective preferences, and rate of visual comfort for each condition was recorded. This research suggested that color coding substantially improved error detections in C programms.
Metal Work-Function Changes Induced by Organic Adsorbates: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study (2005)

The role of molecular dipole moment, charge transfer, and Pauli repulsion in determining the work-function change (Deltaphi) at organic-metal interfaces has been elucidated by a combined experimental and theoretical study of (CH(3)S)(2)/Au(111) and CH(3)S/Au(111). Comparison between experiment and theory allows us to determine the origin of the interface dipole layer for both phases. For CH(3)S/Au(111), Deltaphi can be ascribed almost entirely to the dipole moment of the CH(3)S layer. For (CH(3)S)(2)/Au(111), a Pauli repulsion mechanism occurs. The implications of these results on the interpretation of Deltaphi in the presence of strongly and weakly adsorbed molecules is discussed.
<title>Laser Card For Compact Optical Data Storage Systems</title> (1982)

The principal thrust of the optical data storage industry to date has been the 10 billion bit optical disc system. Mass memory has been the primary objective. Another objective that is beginning to demand recognition is compact memory of 1 million to 40 million bits--on a wallet-size, laser recordable card. Drexler Technology has addressed this opportunity and has succeeded in demonstrating laser writing and readback using a 16 mm by 85 mm recording stripe mounted on a card. The write/read apparatus was developed by SRI International. With this unit, 5 micron holes have been recorded using a 10 milliwatt, 830 nanometer semiconductor-diode laser. Data is entered on an Apple II keyboard using the ASCII code. The recorded reflective surface is scanned with the same laser at lower power to generate a reflected bit stream which is converted into alphanumerics and which appear on the monitor. We are pleased to report that the combination of the DREXONTM laser recordable card ("Laser Card"), the semiconductor-diode laser, arrays of large recorded holes, and human interactive data rates are all mutually compatible and point the way forward to economically feasible, compact, data-storage systems.
Biodistribution of iodine-125 labeled monoclonal antibody/Interleukin-2 immunoconjugate in athymic mice bearing human tumor xenografts (1997)

These studies indicate that the administration of radiolabeled MoAb/IL-2 double conjugate may enhance the therapeutic potential of radiolabeled MoAb without any pretreatment with IL-2 or repeated injection of MoAb.
Power scalable processing using distributed arithmetic (2003)

Article Free Access Share on Power scalable processing using distributed arithmetic Authors: Rajeevan Amirtharajah Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Thucydides Xanthopoulos Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Anantha Chandrakasan Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '99: Proceedings of the 1999 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 1999 Pages 170–175https://doi.org/10.1145/313817.313911Published:17 August 1999Publication History 14citation336DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations14Total Downloads336Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Targeting ASK1 in ER stress-related neurodegenerative diseases (2009)

The accumulation of malfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) induces ER stress, leading to the disturbance of ER function. To restore ER function and ER homeostasis, cells possess a highly specific ER quality control system termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), which increases the capacity of protein folding and reduces the amount of malfolded proteins. In case of prolonged ER stress or malfunction of the UPR, apoptosis signaling is activated. ER stress-induced apoptosis has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of various conformational diseases. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a member of the MAPK kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, is activated by ER stress and mediates apoptosis. Recent studies have shown that the ASK1 pathway is involved in ER stress-induced neuronal cell death and contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of the UPR and ER stress-induced apoptosis and the possible roles of ASK1 activation in neurodegenerative diseases.
Retinoids and differentiation treatment: a strategy for treatment in cancer. (1995)

The retinoids are a large group of compounds structurally related to vitamin A. Retinoids elicit specific biological responses by binding to and activating nuclear receptors. Information about the metabolism and storage of vitamin A and retinoids, their plasma transport and uptake and the retinoid dose efficient on target cell had to be established because retinoic acid (RA), the natural acidic derivative of vitamin A (retinol), is likely to be a key factor during specific phases of embryonic development and maintenance of normal differentiated phenotypes in adult, so vitamin A is involved in the normal morphological differentiation of the visual system. RA appears an important agent since it induces in vitro leukemic cells from acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) to differentiate into mature functional granulocytes which lose their self-renewal ability and die spontaneously. In vivo, APL patients treated with oral all-trans retinoic acid (all-trans RA) alone achieve complete remission in 80% of the cases. APL results from a malignant process that leads to the accumulation in the blood and in the bone marrow of myeloid precursor cells characterized by an abnormal behavior and a differentiation arrest. APL is characterized cytogenetically by a t(15;17) translocation which involves both the PML gene on chromosome 15 and the RARa gene on chromosome 17 and gives rise to the PML/RARa fusion protein. The high sensitivity of the promyelocytic blasts to all-trans RA should be related to the presence in APL blast of an abnormal protein, the PML/RAR alpha. The antineoplastic effects of retinoids suggest that these drugs could be used therapeutically for the chemoprevention of cancer.
Clock-tree power optimization based on RTL clock-gating (2004)

As power consumption of the clock tree in modern VLSI designs tends to dominate, measures must be taken to keep it under control. This paper introduces an approach for reducing clock power based on clock gating. We present a methodology that, starting from an RTL description, automatically generates a set of constraints for driving the construction of the clock tree by the clock synthesis tool. The methodology has been fully integrated into an industry-strength design flow, based on Synopsys DesignCompiler (front-end) and Cadence Silicon Ensemble (back end). The power savings achieved on some industrial examples show that, when the size of the circuits is significant, savings on the power consumption of the clock tree are up to 75% larger than those achieved by applying traditional clock gating at the clock inputs of the RTL modules of the designs.
The Wordsworth concise English dictionary (1994)

This work is an up-to-date lexicon of the world's most widely-used language. It reflects the usage not just of the British Isles and the USA, but also of Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. It contains over 121,000 references and over 156,000 definitions.
Design, fabrication and testing of a heater-trigged high-Tc superconducting power supply (2000)

This paper deals with the design and fabrication of a heater-trigged high-Tc superconducting (HTS) power supply. Its characteristics have been analyzed through experiments. A heater-trigged HTS power supply consists of two heaters, an electromagnet, and a YBCO bulk superconductor. The timing sequential control of two heaters and an electromagnet is an important factor to generate pumping-current in the bulk YBCO superconductor. The thermal analysis of switching parts of the YBCO superconductor according to the heater input was carried out. Based upon the analysis, the 0.6 T electromagnet and the 2.3 A dc heater current were optimally derived, and 190 sec and 380 sec for the pumping period were selected in this experiment. In the experiment, the maximum pumping current reached about 12 A.