gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solution Structure of the Ligand Binding Domain of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor:  Role of Heparin in the Activation of the Receptor<sup>,</sup> (2005)

The three-dimensional solution structure of the ligand binding D2 domain of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) is determined using multidimensional NMR techniques. The atomic root-mean-square distribution for the backbone atoms in the structured region is 0.64 A. Secondary structural elements in the D2 domain include 11 beta-strands arranged antiparallely into two layers of beta-sheets. The structure of the D2 domain is characterized by the presence of a short flexible helix that protrudes out of the layers of beta-sheets. Results of size exclusion chromatography and sedimentation velocity experiments show that the D2 domain exists in a monomeric state both in the presence and in the absence of bound sucrose octasulfate (SOS), a structural analogue of heparin. Comparison of the solution structure of the D2 domain with the crystal structure of the protein (D2 domain) in the FGF signaling complex reveals significant differences, suggesting that ligand (FGF) binding may induce significant conformational changes in the receptor. SOS binding sites in the D2 domain have been mapped on the basis of the 1H-15N chemical shift perturbation data. SOS binds to the positively charged residues located in beta-strand III and the flexible helix. Isothermal titration calorimetry data indicate that the ligand (hFGF-1) binds strongly (Kd approximately 10(-9) M) to the D2 domain even in the absence of SOS. Binding of SOS to either the D2 domain or hFGF-1 does not seem to be the driving force for the formation of the D2-hFGF-1 binary complex. The function of SOS binding appears to stabilize the preformed D2-FGF binary complex.
Sensitization of Escherichia coli cells to oxidative stress by deletion of the rpoH gene, which encodes the heat shock sigma factor (1992)

A deletion in the rpoH gene greatly increased the sensitivity of Escherichia coli sodA sodB mutants to oxidative stress. The effect of the rpoH deletion on sodA+ sodB+ cells was only marginal. Mutations in heat shock genes singly sensitized sodA sodB double mutant cells to plumbagin. sodA sodB double mutants were neither more sensitive nor more resistant to thermal stress than the wild type.
Facial Preparation of Sulfonic Acid‐Functionalized Magnetite‐Coated Maghemite as a Magnetically Separable Catalyst for Pyrrole Synthesis (2013)

Abstract The synthesis, characterization, and catalytic performance of the new sulfonic acid supported on the magnetic nanoparticles with maghemite coating were reported. The morphology, particle size, structure, magnetic properties, and the formation of nanoparticles with narrow size distribution were investigated. Chemical analysis was performed by using TEM, wide‐angle XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, and X‐ray fluorescence, and magnetic measurements were performed by using vibrating sample magnetometry. The catalyst was found to be active for the synthesis of pyrroles. The nanometer size range of these particles facilitates the catalytic process owing to the increased surface area available for the reaction. The easy separation of the catalyst by an external magnet from liquid‐phase reactions and its usability for at least nine consecutive trials without any decrease in activity are additional advantages.
Synthesen heterocyclischer Verbindungen aus Aminoguanidin (1963)

Abstract Infolge seiner eigenartigen Struktur kann Aminoguanidin als Hydrazin‐, Guanidin‐ oder Formamidin‐Derivat reagieren. Durch vielfältige Additions‐ und Kondensationsreaktionen entstehen Produkte, die sich zu heterocyclischen Verbindungen umsetzen lassen. In vielen Fällen erhält man die Heterocyclen in einer Stufe direkt aus Aminoguanidin.
Serial magnetic resonance study assessing the effects of impingement on the MR image of the patellar tendon graft (1992)

This study was designed to serially analyze the magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of patella tendon grafts during the first year of implantation, and to determine if the sagittal location of the tibial tunnel affects the MR appearance of the graft. An additional goal was to analyze the effect of the sagittal placement of the tibial tunnel placement on knee extension and stability. Two groups were defined by comparing the sagittal relationship of the tibial tunnel to the slope of the intercondylar roof from a lateral roentgenogram of the knee in full extension. The roof impinged group consisted of nine patients who had the tibial tunnel placed anterior to the tibial intersection of the slope of the intercondylar roof. The unimpinged group was composed of eleven patients who had the tibial tunnel placed posterior and parallel to the slope of the intercondylar roof. MR scans were obtained at 0-2, 12, 24, 36, and greater than 48 weeks postoperatively. The signal intensities of grafts in both groups were identical at 1 week, but increased in the impinged group by 3 months and remained increased at 12 months postoperatively (p less than 0.01). In contrast, the MR signal of grafts in the unimpinged group remained unchanged during the first year. Knees with impinged grafts had extension deficits but remained stable. Roof impingement was impossible to view directly with the knee in full extension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<i>RieCalc</i>: quantitative phase analysis of hydrating cement pastes (2013)

The MATLAB program RieCalc , developed for the quantitative phase analysis of hydrating cement pastes, is presented. Rietveld refined data obtained from in situ X-ray diffraction measurements are used as input and loaded by means of a simple graphical user interface. Time-resolved phase fractions are rescaled by a mass balance method, which calculates the amounts of amorphous phases (calcium silicate hydrate and capillary water) present in the system. Furthermore, RieCalc calculates theoretical curves that simulate those obtained from isothermal calorimetry measurements.
Decentralizing infrastructure : for good or ill? (1994)

The author examines the many faces of infrastructure decentralization: the costs and benefits, the government structure (constraint or variable?), the"polycentric"approach, and how to make decentralization work (for whom?). He proposes basic principles and guidelines for policy design, for both small projects and large. Broadly, these guidelines are summed up in a few propositions. In all countries, some critical infrastructure is provided through a decentralized political structure. Current trends make that likely to be more true in the future. Decentralization, however defined, in and of itself had no necessary implications for good or evil so far as infrastructure is concerned: its effects depend on the incentives various decisionmakers face. The key to ensuring that these incentives are conducive to"good"decisions (about design, siting, timing, finance, pricing, operation, maintenance, and use of infrastructure) is to ensure that those who made the decisions bear the financial (and political) consequences, as much as possible. Politically, this means that political leaders at all levels should be responsive and responsible to their constituents, and that those constituents are fully informed about the consequences of all decisions. Making politicians bear the consequences of their own mistakes is as close as one can get to a"hard"political budget constraint. Economically, it must be difficult for local residents to shift cost to nonresidents who do not receive benefits and to make local decisionmakers fully responsible to their citizens for the use they make of revenues collected from them (through local taxes), to users of infrastructure (local or otherwise) for the use made of the revenues they contribute (through user charges of various sorts), and to taxpayers in general for the use made of any transfers (or subsidized loans) they receive. Administratively, what such a system requires is a clear set of"framework"laws (on local budgeting, financial reporting, taxation, contracting, dispute settlement, rules to be followed in designing user charges and so on), as well as adequate institutional support for localities to operate in this environment. To the extent that these conditions are not met, the perverse incentives that too often exist because of the structure and finance of the public sector in many countries will probably be exacerbated by the current tendency to decentralize more and more decisions in the public sector.
DYING FROM TOO MUCH DUST (1994)

Calculations, based on unpublished government data, suggest that fine particles in exhaust emissions from vehicles are killing about 10,000 people per year in England and Wales. This fine particulate matter, called PM10 because each particle has size below 10 microns, comes mostly from the exhaust pipes of cars, lorries, and buses. Relatively little is known about its effects; until recently, it was difficult to measure particulate concentration in air accurately. Most evidence against PM10 has come from US cities, and a recent medical study found that concentrations of PM10 are closely linked to the probability of people dying from certain diseases. However, little research has yet been done on the effects of particulates on lungs. In late 1992, the UK Government's Warren Spring Laboratory set up a network of monitoring stations, to measure the PM10 concentration in the air above British cities. The article gives a table of some of these data in several cities, and of the resulting estimates of annual deaths from PM10. It is estimated that two thirds of PM10 emissions in the UK come from diesel engine emissions and that the other third comes from petrol engines. It will not be easy to reduce PM10 levels, and American research suggests that there are no safe levels of PM10 concentration.
Hybrid materials for optical limiting applications (2006)

Optical limiting materials are developed for applications in protection of optical sensors against laser aggressions. We have studied functionalised macrocycles (thiacalixarenes) and alkynylplatinum(II) derivatives for optical limiting applications. Glass materials based on alkynylplatinum(II) derivatives and macrocycles were prepared through the sol-gel process. The molecular species were grafted to the matrix in order to maximise the concentration and the stability of the final solid-state material. The glass materials were cut and polished to approximately 1.5 mm. The glass materials show broadband optical limiting in the visible wavelength region, for nanosecond laser pulses.
<i>In Vivo</i> Structure–Activity Relationships and Optimization of an Unnatural Base Pair for Replication in a Semi-Synthetic Organism (2017)

In an effort to expand the genetic alphabet and create semi-synthetic organisms (SSOs) that store and retrieve increased information, we have developed the unnatural base pairs (UBPs) dNaM and d5SICS or dTPT3 (dNaM-d5SICS and dNaM-dTPT3). The UBPs form based on hydrophobic and packing forces, as opposed to complementary hydrogen bonding, and while they are both retained within the in vivo environment of an Escherichia coli SSO, their development was based on structure-activity relationship (SAR) data generated in vitro. To address the likely possibility of different requirements of the in vivo environment, we screened 135 candidate UBPs for optimal performance in the SSO. Interestingly, we find that in vivo SARs differ from those collected in vitro, and most importantly, we identify four UBPs whose retention in the DNA of the SSO is higher than that of dNaM-dTPT3, which was previously the most promising UBP identified. The identification of these four UBPs further demonstrates that when optimized, hydrophobic and packing forces may be used to replace the complementary hydrogen bonding used by natural pairs and represents a significant advance in our continuing efforts to develop SSOs that store and retrieve more information than natural organisms.
<sup>13</sup>C magnetic resonance spectra of some isoquinoline alkaloids and related model compounds (1976)

The natural abundance 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of a number of isoquinoline alkaloids and related model compounds have been recorded. In almost all cases comparison of the spectra of the alkaloids with those of the model compounds has permitted unambiguous assignment of the alkaloid carbon resonances. The ability of 13 C nmr spectroscopy to distinguish between diastereomeric pairs of both protoberberine and phthalideisoquinoline alkaloids has been demonstrated.
Digital Mobile Communications and the Tetra System (2013)

Principles of Digital Mobile Radio. Public Digital Mobile Radio Systems and Environment. The Private Mobile Radio Environment. An Overview of the TETRA System. TETRA System Architecture, Components and Services. The Physical Layer. The Data Link Layer. TETRA Network Layer Protocols. Operational Aspects of the TETRA Network. Appendices. Index.
Hepatitis B and C Virus, <i>Clonorchis sinensis</i> for the Risk of Liver Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Pusan, Korea (1996)

Strong evidence indicated that both HBV and HCV infection were independent risk factors for HCC. In contrast, C. sinensis in stools and heavy drinking were associated with the risk of CLG in Korea.
High-Yield Synthesis of 1,3-Dimesityl-propane-1,3-dione: Isolation of Its Aluminum Complex as a Stable Intermediate (2008)

Abstract 1,3-Dimesityl-propane-1,3-dione was synthesized in high yield, via a stable intermediate (its aluminum complex) from malonyl dichloride and mesitylene by Friedel–Crafts reaction using anhydrous aluminum chloride as catalyst. The intermediate aluminum complex was isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, which decomposed upon reflux in concentrate hydrochloric acid to give the title compound.
Hydrophobic and self‐cleaning coatings (2007)

Abstract The effects of nano and micro roughness as well as the chemical composition of surface treatments on hydrophobicity and self‐cleaning properties of the coated surfaces were studied theoretically and experimentally. Accordingly, relationships were derived between the interfacial adhesion strength of the liquid drop to a polymer surface of a given composition, the mass of the drop, the measured contact angles, and the sliding angle. To verify the proposed model various hydrophobic coatings having different surface nano and micro roughness were prepared using polycarbonate (PC) as a substrate. The surface treatment was based on fluoroalkylsilane. Roughness was introduced by means of Silica (micro) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS; nano) using a double morphology topography mimicking the Lotus leaf. In the case of optimal compositions and processing conditions, transparent ultra‐hydrophobic characteristics were obtained. In these cases the contact angle was close to 180° and the sliding angle was below 5°. These novel ultra‐hydrophobic surface coatings and the associated model could be used to develop and design surfaces for a variety of applications such as self‐cleaning glazing, repellent surfaces for threats from biochemicals, and anti‐icing of surfaces. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cs[H<sub>2</sub>NB<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>6</sub>] Featuring an Unequivocal 16-Coordinate Cation (2016)

Cesium bis(perfluoro-triphenylborane)amide, Cs[H2NB2(C6F5)6] (1), has been prepared by the reaction of sodium salt and CsF in dichloromethane and water. The compound is exceptional for a [H2NB2(C6F5)6](-) salt in that it contains a monatomic solute-free cation. Determination of the molecular structure revealed a novel C2 symmetrical conformation of the weakly coordinating [H2NB2(C6F5)6](-) anion, which gives rise to an unprecedented 16-coordinate (CN 16) Cs(+) cation in a likewise unprecedented tetracosahedral arrangement of F atoms. The poor solubility of 1 allows nearly quantitative separation of Cs(+) from water, which suggests potential applications as an effective (134/137)Cs remover from nuclear waste solutions, administration as an antidote for (134/137)Cs poisoning, and use for (131/137)Cs radiotherapy (brachytherapy). Rb[H2NB2(C6F5)6]·CH2Cl2 (2) has also been characterized, featuring two inequivalent Rb(+) cations having CN 10, one of which involves Rb(+)(η(2)-Cl2CH2)2 coordination.
The Depletion Effect in Pulse Polarography with Stationary Electrodes. (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Depletion Effect in Pulse Polarography with Stationary Electrodes.K. B. Oldham and E. P. ParryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1966, 38, 7, 867–872Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60239a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (662 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A trinucleotide can promote metal ion-dependent specific cleavage of RNA. (1992)

Nucleotide sequence and metal ion requirements for Mn(2+)-dependent self-cleavage of an RNA 31 nucleotides long [Dange, V., Van Atta, R. B. & Hecht, S. M. (1990) Science 248, 585-588] were examined by analysis of the site-specific cleavage activity of substitution and deletion mutants as well as complexes assembled from fragments of this RNA. A complex of UUU and GAAACp allows specific cleavage between G and A at 37 degrees C and pH 7.5. Additional nucleotides flanking the oligonucleotides in the minimal complex are not necessary for the cleavage reaction to take place but can affect the rate of the reaction. The 2'-OH groups of uridine residues do not participate in catalysis since both poly(U) and poly(dU) can promote the specific cleavage reaction in trans. Cd2+ ions can also promote the specific cleavage reaction and Mg2+ ions (which are inactive alone), under certain conditions, can enhance the Mn(2+)-induced cleavage of RNA.
A Novel Carbon Nano Tube based Wick Structure for Heat Pipes/Vapor Chambers (2007)

The paper introduces the novel concept of using carbon nano tube (CNTs) based wick structures for high performance heat pipes and vapor chambers. This ongoing research aims to replace the copper wick structures with high conductive CNT wick structures. Individual carbon nanotubes possess extremely high thermal conductivities of the order of 2000-3000 W/m-K. With such a material as the wick in a heat pipe, the effective thermal conductivity of the fluid saturated wick will be significantly higher that a copper-based wick.
Carbon-13 NMR Investigation of the Oligomerization of Bismaleimidodiphenyl Methane with Diallyl Bisphenol A (1988)

The structure of a soluble prepolymer, resulting from the addition reaction of bismaleimidodiphenyl methane to diallyl bisphenol A at approximately 150 °C, is confirmed by a detailed high resolution 13C NMR investigation. The NMR results also provide the rate of reaction, which requires about 5 hrs for 30% of the reactants to be consumed. Curing of this system at 240 to 250 °C leads to the formation of a highly cross-linked polymeric material with a high glass transition temperature. Thermal mechanical analysis shows no significant softening of this material up to at least 320 °C. Solid state 13C NMR experiments indicate a high cross-linking density for the high temperature product.
Internet of Things: A Context-Awareness Perspective (2008)

This chapter describes the state-of-the-art in context-aware computing and discusses the goals, motivation, and requirements that define the actual need for context awareness in order to achieve a better understanding of the concepts involved. It reviews the trends for its use in converging service-oriented architectures. Interoperability at the scale of the Internet of Things should go beyond syntactical interfaces and requires the sharing of common semantics across all software architectures. The chapter illustrates how to integrate existing technologies and computational artifacts supporting context awareness as an enabling service amongst other building blocks in an overall service-oriented architecture for use in home appliances and online consumer services. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) represents the state-of-the-art in software architecture for the rapid deployment of new services. A service in SOA is essentially transaction-based and relies on an architecture that often builds upon the functionality of an enterprise service bus to provide message brokering, routing, data translation, and transformation.
Naturally Occurring and Related Synthetic Cannabinoids and their Potential Therapeutic Applications (2009)

Naturally occurring cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids) are biosynthetically related terpenophenolic compounds uniquely produced by the highly variable plant, Cannabis sativa L. Natural and synthetic cannabinoids have been extensively studied since the discovery that the psychotropic effects of cannabis are mainly due to Delta(9)-THC. However, cannabinoids exert pharmacological actions on other biological systems such as the cardiovascular, immune and endocrine systems. Most of these effects have been attributed to the ability of these compounds to interact with the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. The FDA approval of Marinol, a product containing synthetic Delta(9)-THC (dronabinol), in 1985 for the control of nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, and in 1992 as an appetite stimulant for AIDS patients, has further intensified the research interest in these compounds. This article reviews patents (2003-2007) that describe methods for isolation of cannabinoids from cannabis, chemical and chromatographic methods for their purification, synthesis, and potential therapeutic applications of these compounds.