gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Channel coding with quadrature-quadrature phase shift-keying (Q/sup 2/PSK) signals (1990)

Channel coding due to trellis modulation has been proved to be useful for bandlimited channels. However, these modulations, mostly designed with n-use of 2D signals, are primarily aimed at coding gain only. It is pointed out that utilization of all available signal dimensions, which is limited by the time-bandwidth product, may improve the bandwidth efficiency and simultaneously bring an additional coding gain. Trellis coding with a spectrally efficient 4D signal set based on Q/sup 2/PSK is addressed. Without any expansion of the Q/sup 2/PSK signal set, a simple hand-designed 16-state trellis code provides a coding gain of 6.02 dB. With the same number of states in G. Ungergoeck's (1982) 8-PSK trellis, the gain is 4.1 dB. In low intersymbol interference situations, the bandwidth efficiency of this coded Q/sup 2/PSK is twice that of coded 8-PSK; if both operate at 2 b/s Hz and P/sub b/(E)=10/sup -5/, the coded Q/sup 2/PSK provides a saving of about 4 dB over the coded 8-PSK. Some fully connected trellises with an expanded signal due to 2-use of Q/sup 2/PSK signals are also presented. Two such codes ar rate-7/8 achieve a gain of 5.45 dB with only eight states.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modeling and Control of Untethered Biomicrorobots in a Fluidic Environment Using Electromagnetic Fields (2006)

This paper investigates fundamental design, modeling, and control issues related to untethered biomedical microrobots guided inside the human body through external magnetic fields. Proposed areas of application for these microrobots include sensing, diagnosis, and surgical procedures in intraocular, cardiovascular, and inner-ear environments. A prototype microrobot and steering system are introduced. Fluid drag experiments performed on the prototype robot show that the 950 × 400 μ m elliptical shape has a spherical equivalent diameter of 477 μ m. Drag forces combined with saturation magnetization (5 × 10 5 A/m) of the prototype indicate that the required magnetic field gradients for application inside the vitreous humor and blood vessels are on the order of 0.7T/m.
Social Topic Models for Community Extraction (2008)

With social interaction playing an increasingly important role in the online world, the capability to extract latent communities based on such interactions is becoming vital for a wide variety of applications. However, existing literature on community extraction has largely focused on methods based on the link structure of a given social network. Such link-based methods ignore the content of social interactions, which may be crucial for accurate and meaningful community extraction. In this paper, we present a Bayesian generative model for community extraction which naturally incorporates both the link and content information present in the social network. The model assumes that actors in a community communicate on topics of mutual interest, and the topics of communication, in turn, determine the communities. Further, the model naturally allows actors to belong to multiple communities. The model is instantiated in the context of an email network, and a Gibbs sampling algorithm is presented to do inference. Through extensive experiments and visualization on the Enron email corpus, we demonstrate that the model is able to extract well-connected and topically meaningful communities. Additionally, the model extracts relevant topics that can be mapped back to corresponding real-life events involving Enron.
Zn<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>: Mn Phosphor Particles Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Process (2001)

Abstract Green-emitting Zn2SiO4: Mn phosphor particles having a spherical shape and high luminescence intensities under VUV were prepared by spray pyrolysis process under severe preparation conditions. The type of precursor solutions affected the morphology and luminescence characteristics of the prepared particles. The particles prepared from the clear solution by laboratory-scale process had spherical shape and dense morphology, while the particles prepared from the severe preparation conditions had rough surface and collapsed structure. However, the particles prepared from the colloidal solution utilizing fumed silica were spherical in shape and filled morphology at the severe preparation conditions of high flow rate of carrier gas, high concentration of solution, and large reactor size. The prepared Zn2SiO4: Mn phosphor particles with complete spherical shape had higher photoluminescence intensity than that of the commercial product prepared by solid state reaction.
A Synthesis of dl-α-Methylglutamic Acid and Some Derivatives (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of dl-α-Methylglutamic Acid and Some DerivativesAndrew E. Gal, Souren Avakian, and Gustav J. MartinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 16, 4181–4182Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01645a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01645a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thioredoxin-like 2 regulates human cancer cell growth and metastasis via redox homeostasis and NF-κB signaling (2010)

Cancer cells have an efficient antioxidant system to counteract their increased generation of ROS. However, whether this ability to survive high levels of ROS has an important role in the growth and metastasis of tumors is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the redox protein thioredoxin-like 2 (TXNL2) regulates the growth and metastasis of human breast cancer cells through a redox signaling mechanism. TXNL2 was found to be overexpressed in human cancers, including breast cancers. Knockdown of TXNL2 in human breast cancer cell lines increased ROS levels and reduced NF-κB activity, resulting in inhibition of in vitro proliferation, survival, and invasion. In addition, TXNL2 knockdown inhibited tumorigenesis and metastasis of these cells upon transplantation into immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, analysis of primary breast cancer samples demonstrated that enhanced TXNL2 expression correlated with metastasis to the lung and brain and with decreased overall patient survival. Our studies provided insight into redox-based mechanisms underlying tumor growth and metastasis and suggest that TXNL2 could be a target for treatment of breast cancer.
Hydrothermal Scheduling Using Benders Decomposition: Accelerating Techniques (2007)

A new decomposition method is presented that includes the network through ac modeling within the hydrothermal scheduling optimization process including the losses. In short-term hydrothermal scheduling, the transmission network is typically modeled with dc power flow techniques. Such modeling, however, can lead to impractical solutions when it is verified with ac power flow. Another proposal considers in thermal systems the ac network modeling but not the optimization of losses. The approach presented here addresses issues such as congestion management and control of service quality that often arise in large and weakly meshed networks - the typical pattern of power systems in Latin America. Generalized Benders decomposition and traditional, well-known optimization techniques are used to solve this problem. The master problem stage defines the generation levels by regarding the inter-temporal constraints, whereas the subproblem stage determines both the active and the reactive economical dispatches for each time interval of the load curve. It meets the electrical constraints through a modified ac optimal power flow (OPF). Another important contribution is the inclusion of accelerating techniques aimed at reducing the number of iterations and CPU time. The methodology was proven in a real system and test systems. Results are discussed in this paper.
Semantic database modeling: survey, applications, and research issues (1987)

Most common database management systems represent information in a simple record-based format. Semantic modeling provides richer data structuring capabilities for database applications. In particular, research in this area has articulated a number of constructs that provide mechanisms for representing structurally complex interrelations among data typically arising in commercial applications. In general terms, semantic modeling complements work on knowledge representation (in artificial intelligence) and on the new generation of database models based on the object-oriented paradigm of programming languages. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of semantic data modeling. It reviews the philosophical motivations of semantic models, including the need for high-level modeling abstractions and the reduction of semantic overloading of data type constructors. It then provides a tutorial introduction to the primary components of semantic models, which are the explicit representation of objects, attributes of and relationships among objects, type constructors for building complex types, ISA relationships, and derived schema components. Next, a survey of the prominent semantic models in the literature is presented. Further, since a broad area of research has developed around semantic modeling, a number of related topics based on these models are discussed, including data languages, graphical interfaces, theoretical investigations, and physical implementation strategies.
Design of a new nanostructure comprising mesoporous ZrO2 shell and magnetite core (Fe3O4@mZrO2) and study of its phosphate ion separation efficiency (2010)

In many developing countries, phosphate contamination from public and private wastewater disposal causes eutrophication of water bodies. The development and implementation of efficient, consistent and cost-effective techniques to remove phosphorus from wastewater is essential to restore and maintain ecological balance. In the present article, a new nanosized core/shell structure containing a magnetite (Fe3O4) core and mesoporous ZrO2 shell (Fe3O4@mZrO2) with a BET surface area of 107 m2 g−1 synthesized using an inexpensive synthesis protocol has been demonstrated as an efficient sorbent system for removal of phosphate. The mesoporous ZrO2 shell in the Fe3O4@mZrO2 imparts excellent adsorption capability for phosphate ions while the Fe3O4 core cooperates in easy and rapid magnetic separation. The developed system exhibits a phosphate adsorption capacity of up to ∼90% along with the dependency on the initial pH and initial P concentration of the experimental solution. Regeneration through the treatment with a KOH–KCl mixture allows Fe3O4@mZrO2 reuse.
The Generosity of an Urban Professoriate: Understanding Faculty as Donors and Academic Citizens (2012)

Although faculties are often portrayed as institutionally uninvolved, evidence exists that many of them are actually academic citizens who contribute beyond requirements and expectations. Using a phenomenological approach to examine major giving by faculty and their academic citizenship at an urban university, this study of limited sample size shows that faculty citizenship was grounded by philanthropic values such as those that inspired financial giving among the participants.
DiskANN: Fast Accurate Billion-point Nearest Neighbor Search on a Single Node (2019)

Current state-of-the-art approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms generate indices that must be stored in main memory for fast high-recall search. This makes them expensive and limits the size of the dataset. We present a new graph-based indexing and search system called DiskANN that can index, store, and search a billion point database on a single workstation with just 64GB RAM and an inexpensive solid-state drive (SSD). Contrary to current wisdom, we demonstrate that the SSD-based indices built by DiskANN can meet all three desiderata for large-scale ANNS: high-recall, low query latency and high density (points indexed per node). On the billion point SIFT1B bigann dataset, DiskANN serves > 5000 queries a second with < 3ms mean latency and 95%+ 1-recall@1 on a 16 core machine, where state-of-the-art billion-point ANNS algorithms with similar memory footprint like FAISS and IVFOADC+G+P plateau at around 50% 1-recall@1. Alternately, in the high recall regime, DiskANN can index and serve 5 − 10x more points per node compared to state-of-the-art graph- based methods such as HNSW and NSG. Finally, as part of our overall DiskANN system, we introduce Vamana, a new graph-based ANNS index that is more versatile than the graph indices even for in-memory indices.
Silica-based integrated optic components for telecommunications applications (1993)

Waveguide devices have been produced comprising germania-doped silica cores and silica claddings on silica substrates, using microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition and reactive-ion etching. This all-silica structure offers the maximum compatibility between fibers and waveguides in terms of both optical and physical properties. The all-silica philosophy is extended to the use of laser-cut silica V grooves in the construction of input/output fiber arrays. An important feature of this approach is that it enables fiber/waveguide interfacing by CO<sub>2</sub> laser welding of the respective silica blocks without the introduction of any significant additional loss. Both the waveguide fabrication and laser-welding processes are well suited to large-scale production of low-cost components.
A Quaternary Polybenzimidazole Membrane for Intermediate Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (2012)

Abstract A quaternary ammonium polybenzimidazole (QPBI) membrane was synthesized for applications in intermediate temperature (100–200 °C) hydrogen fuel cells. The QPBI membrane was imbibed with phosphoric acid to provide suitable proton conductivity. The proton conductivity of the membrane was 0.051 S cm –1 at 150 °C with the PA acid loading level of 3.5 PRU (amount of H 3 PO 4 per repeat unit of polymer QPBI). The QPBI membrane was characterized in terms of composition, structure and morphology by NMR, FTIR, SEM, and EDX. The fuel cell performance with the membrane gave peak power densities of 440 and 240 mW cm –2 using oxygen and air, respectively, at 175 °C.
Agitation-free multiphoton microscopy of oblique planes (2011)

The scanning two-photon fluorescence microscope produces optically sectioned images from the focal plane. It is sometimes desirable to acquire images from other planes of the specimen that are inclined with respect to the focal plane. In this Letter, we discuss the issues concerned with acquiring such images together with the effects of the inclination angle on image resolution and sectioning strength. To obtain images from oblique planes at high speed, a two-photon system was built wherein a novel optical system is used to provide aberration-free scanning.
Establecimiento del hongo entomopatógeno Beauveria bassiana como endófito en frutos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) (2010)

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana was re-isolated from surface sterilized pieces of the cocoa pod outer section and peduncle, two and three months after flowers of greenhouse cocoa plants were hand-pollinated and sprayed with a 1x107 mL-1 suspension of B. bassianaconidia. The colonization frequency of B. bassiana on cocoa pods was 0.8% and 1.3% two and three months post-spraying of conidial suspension, respectively. These results indicate that this entomopathogenic fungus can be established as an endophyte on cocoa pods if flowers are sprayed. Other naturally occurring endophytic fungi such as Acremoniumspp., Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp. and Penicilliumspp. as well as seven morphospecies of bacteria were also isolated from cocoa pods. These findings suggest that cocoa pods are conducive for endophytic fungal growth of both naturally occurring and inoculated B. bassiana, and could possibly lead to an innovative methodology to manage insect pests in biocontrol programs.
Multivariate Analysis of Electron Detachment Dissociation and Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation Mass Spectra of Heparan Sulfate Tetrasaccharides Differing Only in Hexuronic acid Stereochemistry (2011)

The structural characterization of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) carbohydrates by mass spectrometry has been a long-standing analytical challenge due to the inherent heterogeneity of these biomolecules, specifically polydispersity, variability in sulfation, and hexuronic acid stereochemistry. Recent advances in tandem mass spectrometry methods employing threshold and electron-based ion activation have resulted in the ability to determine the location of the labile sulfate modification as well as assign the stereochemistry of hexuronic acid residues. To facilitate the analysis of complex electron detachment dissociation (EDD) spectra, principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to differentiate the hexuronic acid stereochemistry of four synthetic GAG epimers whose EDD spectra are nearly identical upon visual inspection. For comparison, PCA is also applied to infrared multiphoton dissociation spectra (IRMPD) of the examined epimers. To assess the applicability of multivariate methods in GAG mixture analysis, PCA is utilized to identify the relative content of two epimers in a binary mixture.
Practical implementation of the barometric method for measurement of tidal volume (1980)

The barometric method is unique in permitting measurement of tidal volume in a totally noninvasive manner. Its application and accuracy have been limited by several complex problems. These include control of inspired gas composition, base-line stability, and asymmetry of processes occurring during inspiration and expiration. A new method is described that addresses these problems and facilitates long-term measurements. New calculations, which avoid previous errors that caused the method to systematically underestimate tidal volume, are illustrated.
A Study of Heart Sound and Lung Sound Separation by Independent Component Analysis Technique (2006)

In the hospital, using percussion and auscultation are the most common ways for physical examination. Recently, in order to develop tele-medicine and home care system and to assist physician getting better auscultation results; electric stethoscope and computer analysis have become an inevitable trend. However, two important physical signals heart sound and lung sound recorded from chest overlap on spectrum chart. Therefore, in order to reduce human factor (ex. misplace or untrained of using) and minimize correlated effect in computer analysis; it's necessary for separated heart sound and lung sound. Independent component analysis can divide these sounds efficiency. In this paper, we use two microphones to collect signals from left and right chest. We have successfully divide heart and lung sounds by fast ICA algorithm. Therefore, it can assist physician examine and also using on tele-medicine and home care by this way.
<title>Stereoscopic real-time and multiplexed video system</title> (1993)

New products are described for real-time viewing of flicker-free stereoscopic video and the multiplexing/demultiplexing of two channels of picture information within a standard video channel. The technique used in the new products is superior to prior commercially available stereoplexing approaches, eliminating the need for a line-doubling scan converter, and increasing vertical resolution while decreasing the stairstepping of diagonal lines.
Johannes Boye Petersen (1887–1961) (1963)

No abstract available.
TCP Performance in Coded Wireless Mesh Networks (2008)

This paper investigates the benefit of network coding for TCP traffic in a wireless mesh network. We implement network coding in a real 802.11a wireless mesh network and measure TCP throughput in such a network. Unlike previous implementations of network coding in mesh networks, we use off-the-shelf hardware and software and do not modify TCP or the underlying MAC protocol. Therefore, our implementation can be easily exported to any operational wireless mesh network with minimal modifications. Furthermore, the TCP throughput improvement reported in this paper is due solely to network coding and is orthogonal to other improvements that can be achieved by optimizing other system components such as the MAC protocol. We conduct extensive measurements to understand the relation between TCP throughput and network coding in different mesh topologies. We show that network coding not only reduces the number of transmissions by sending multiple packets via a single transmission but also results in a smaller loss probability due to reduced contention on the wireless medium. Unfortunately, due to asynchronous packet transmissions, there is often little opportunity to code resulting in small throughput gains. Coding opportunity can be increased by inducing small delays at intermediate nodes. However, this extra delay at intermediate nodes results in longer round-trip-times that adversely affect TCP throughput. Through experimentation, we find a delay in the range of 1 ms to 2 ms to maximize TCP throughput. For the topologies considered in this paper, network coding improves TCP throughput by 10% to 85%.
Fluoride catalyzed rearrangements of polysilsesquioxanes, mixed Me, vinyl T<sub>8</sub>, Me, vinyl T<sub>10</sub> and T<sub>12</sub> cages (2009)

Abstract Insoluble mixtures of polyvinylsilsesquioxane, ‐(vinylSiO 1.5 ) n ‐ PVS, and polymethylsilsesquioxanes, ‐(MeSiO 1.5 ) n ‐ PMS, in THF at ambient when treated with catalytic amounts (1–5 mol%) of fluoride ion introduced as t Bu 4 NF will depolymerize and dissolve. The resulting soluble species consist of [vinyl x Me 8− x (SiO 1.5 )] 8 , [vinyl x Me 8− x (SiO 1.5 )] 10 and [vinyl x Me 8− x (SiO 1.5 )] 12 . Ratios of 1:1 of PVS:PMS greatly favor formation of vinyl rich cages. Only at ratios of 1:5 are the proportions of vinyl:Me in the cages approximately equal. Of the T 8 , T 10 and T 12 species produced, all conditions tried, including changing the solvent to EtOH or toluene or at reflux (THF), favor the formation of the larger cages sometimes completely excluding formation of the T 8 materials. Efforts to isolate the cage compounds by removal of solvent regenerates polysilsesquioxanes, albeit those containing mixtures of Me and vinyl groups. Introduction of CaCl 2 sufficient to form CaF 2 prior to workup prevents repolymerization, allowing recovery of the mixed cage systems. The approach developed here provides a novel way to form mixed functional group silsesquioxane cages. The fact that T 10 and T 12 cage formation is favored appears to suggest that these cages are more stable than the traditionally produced T 8 cages. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.