gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Production of β-Glucosidase in <i>Schizophyllum commune</i> : Isolation of the Enzyme and Effect of the Culture Filtrate on Cellulose Hydrolysis (1981)

Optimization experiments with response surface statistical analysis were performed with Schizophyllum commune to obtain high beta-glucosidase yields. The factors in the optimization experiment were the concentrations of cellulose, peptone, and KH(2)PO(4). Their optimal values were 3.2, 3.0, and 0.2 g/100 ml, respectively. Enzyme assays revealed very high beta-glucosidase (22.2 U/ml) and cellobiase (68.9 U/ml) yields. The avicelase yield was low as compared with that from Trichoderma reesei. Mixtures of S. commune and T. reesei culture filtrates caused faster and more extensive saccharification of Avicel than could be achieved by either filtrate alone. A beta-glucosidase was isolated and purified from the optimized culture filtrate of S. commune. The electrophoretic mobility of the purified beta-glucosidase indicated a molecular weight of 97,000. The amino acid composition was similar to that of beta-glucosidase from T. reesei. The acidic (aspartate and glutamate) residues or their amides or both made up approximately 20% of the protein. The NH(2)-terminal amino acid of the enzyme was histidine.
Phospholipid Nanosomes (2005)

Phospholipid nanosomes are small, uniform liposomes manufactured utilizing supercritical fluid technologies. Supercritical fluids are first used to solvate phospholipid raw materials, and then decompressed to form phospholipid nanosomes that can encapsulate hydrophilic molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Hydrophobic therapeutics are co-solvated with phospholipid raw materials in supercritical fluids that, when decompressed, form phospholipid nanosomes encapsulating these drugs in their lipid bilayers. Mathematical modeling and semi-empirical experiments indicate that the size and character of phospholipid nanosomes depend on the several process parameters and material properties including the size and design of decompression nozzle, bubble size, pressure and the rate of decompression, interfacial forces, charge distribution and the nature of compound being encapsulated. Examples are presented for the encapsulation of a protein and hydrophobic drugs. In vitro and in vivo data on breast cancer cells and xenografts in nude mice indicate that paclitaxel nanosomes are less toxic and much more effective than paclitaxel in Cremophor EL (Taxol). Camptothecin nanosomes demonstrate that the normally very water-insoluble camptothecin can be formulated in a biocompatible aqueous medium while retaining in vivo efficacy against lymphoma xenografts in nude mice. In vitro data for betulinic acid nanosomes demonstrate enhanced efficacy against HIV-1 (EC50 of 1.01 microg/ml versus 6.72 microg/ml for neat betulinic acid). Phospholipid nanosomes may find utility in the enhanced delivery of hydrophilic drugs such as recombinant proteins and nucleic acid as well as hydrophobic anticancer and anti-HIV drugs.
New compound upper bound on MIMO channel capacity (2002)

MIMO channel capacity may be severely degraded due to correlation between individual sub-channels of the matrix channel. Several models, which are limited to some specific scenarios, have been developed to date to account for this effect. In this letter, we derive a new upper bound on the mean (ergodic) MIMO capacity, which is not limited to a particular scenario and accounts for both transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) end correlations in such a way that their impact can be estimated separately and compared. Thus, a conclusion can be made as to which end contributes more to capacity reduction. In general, the higher correlated end has a dominant effect on the capacity.
Functional evolution of the trace amine associated receptors in mammals and the loss of TAAR1 in dogs (2010)

The gene family has seen expansions among certain mammals, notably rodents, and reductions in others, including primates. By placing the trace amine associated receptors in an evolutionary context we can better understand their function and their potential associations with behavior and neurological disease.
A perfectly stable contention access scheme for wireless access networks (2002)

Existing TDM-based contention access schemes exhibit the unstable or load-susceptible problem in which throughput exponentially deteriorates as the traffic offered load increases or fluctuates. In this paper, we propose a persistently stable, efficient hexanary-feedback-based contention access (HFCA) scheme, aiming to provide QoS guarantee while retaining stable and maximal network throughput. Unlike existing schemes that consider all contending mobile terminals as a whole, HFCA incrementally resolves a small group of terminals each time via a two-phase selection/resolution process. The incremental resolution repeats until the minimum non-blocking probability (QoS for signaling traffic) is satisfied. To accelerate resolution within the process, the number of simultaneously transmitting terminals is estimated based on an envelope-pdf-based estimator (EPER), by matching the corresponding normalized envelope histogram of the receiving signal with the priori envelope-pdf library. Facilitated with incremental resolution and the EPER, HFCA achieves the highest maximum throughput (0.574) and saturated throughput (0.52) reported to date irrespective of traffic increase and variation.
Antibacterial Activity of Ordered Gold Nanorod Arrays (2014)

Well-packed two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) gold nanorod (AuNR) arrays were fabricated using confined convective arraying techniques. The array density could be controlled by changing the concentration of the gold nanorods solution, the velocity of the moving substrate, and the environment air-temperature. The hydrophilic behavior of glass substrates before and after surface modification was studied through contact angle measurements. The affinity and alignment of the AuNR arrays with varying nanorod concentrations and the resulting different array densities were studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Under stable laser intensity irradiation, the photothermal response of the prepared arrays was measured using a thermocouple and the results were analyzed quantitatively. Synthesized AuNR arrays were added to Escherichia coli (E. coli) suspensions and evaluated for photothermal bactericidal activity before and after laser irradiation. The results showed promising bactericidal effect. The severity of pathogen destruction was measured and quantified using fluorescence microscopy, bioatomic force microscopy (Bio-AFM) and flow cytometry techniques. These results indicated that the fabricated AuNR arrays at higher concentrations were highly capable of complete bacterial destruction by photothermal effect compared to the low concentration AuNR arrays. Subsequent laser irradiation of the AuNR arrays resulted in rapid photoheating with remarkable bactericidal activity, which could be used for water treatment to produce microbe-free water.
Reverse wave suppression in unstable ring resonator (1984)

The effectiveness of a reverse wave suppressor (RWS) mirror in an unstable ring resonator has been investigated theoretically and experimentally for the case of an inhomogeneously broadened gain medium. The theory indicates that the RWS mirror is effective when (δ/Δνh)2 ≪ 1, where Δνh is the characteristic homogeneous linewidth of the gain medium and δ = Δu(ν0/c) is a measure of the separation between competing forward and reverse waves. Unstable linear ring resonator experiments were conducted using a continuous wave HF laser. Successful suppression of the reverse wave was achieved. In these tests the ratio of forward to reverse power had an average value of 41. An unstable annular ring resonator was investigated using a pulsed CO2 laser. Reverse wave suppression was achieved when the resonator and RWS mirror were in good alignment. Suppression effectiveness and beam quality were degraded when the RWS mirror was tilted.
3D Measurement and modelling in cultural applications (1995)

Cet article traite de l'utilisation de la technologie en trois dimensions pour les applications culturelles, notamment dans le monde du modelage et de la dimension. Les problemes, les avantages, le besoins, dans l'utilisation de systemes en trois dimensions pour traiter les images visuelles de la culture et de l'histoire sont ananlyses, ceci avec l'aide de quelques exemples d'utilisation
Nitric-oxide Synthase Forms N-NO-pterin and S-NO-Cys (2010)

Inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) produces biologically stressful levels of nitric oxide (NO) as a potent mediator of cellular cytotoxicity or signaling. Yet, how this nitrosative stress affects iNOS function in vivo is poorly understood. Here we define two specific non-heme iNOS nitrosation sites discovered by combining UV-visible spectroscopy, chemiluminescence, mass spectrometry, and x-ray crystallography. We detected auto-S-nitrosylation during enzymatic turnover by using chemiluminescence. Selective S-nitrosylation of the ZnS 4 site, which bridges the dimer interface, promoted a dimer-destabilizing order-to-disorder transition. The nitrosated iNOS crystal structure revealed an unexpected N-NO modification on the pterin cofactor. Furthermore, the structurally defined N-NO moiety is solvent-exposed and available to transfer NO to a partner. We investigated glutathione (GSH) as a potential transnitrosation partner because the intracellular GSH concentration is high and NOS can form S-nitrosoglutathione. Our computational results predicted a GSH binding site adjacent to the N-NO-pterin. Moreover, we detected GSH binding to iNOS with saturation transfer difference NMR spectroscopy. Collectively, these observations resolve previous paradoxes regarding this uncommon pterin cofactor in NOS and suggest means for regulating iNOS activity via N-NO-pterin and S-NO-Cys modifications. The iNOS self-nitrosation characterized here appears appropriate to help control NO production in response to cellular conditions.
LAMBERT'S 'DESCRIPTION OF THE GENUS PINUS,' 1832 EDITION (1949)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Percutaneous autologous bone marrow grafting on the site of tibial delayed union. (1999)

Six months after injury, 150 mL of autogenous bone marrow was applied percutaneously at the site of delayed union to stimulate the healing of a tibial delayed union fracture in a 44 year-old man. Five months following the procedure, the fracture gaps and bone defects were completely filled with callus, the external fixator was removed, and the patient started using normal leg loading.
Color Tuning of a Light‐Emitting Polymer: Polyfluorene‐Containing Pendant Amino‐Substituted Distyrylarylene Units (2005)

Abstract We have synthesized a novel polyfluorene copolymer polyfluorene–bis[4‐(diphenylamino)styryl]fluorene (PF–DPAS) by orthogonally attaching an amino‐substituted distyrylarylene dye bis[4‐(diphenylamino)styryl]fluorene, onto the C9 position of a fluorene unit. We have investigated this polymer's thermal properties, electronic properties (viz., absorption and photoluminescence), and electrochemical behavior. Photoluminescence studies indicate that color tuning can be achieved through efficient Förster energy transfer from the higher‐energy polyfluorene backbone to the lower‐energy pendant DPAS units. We have fabricated light‐emitting diodes with the structure indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/emitting layer/1,3,5‐tris( N ‐phenylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)benzene (TPBI)/Mg:Ag. The devices, based on blends of PF–DPAS in polyfluorene–triphenylamine–oxadiazole (PF–TPA–OXD), exhibit significant improvements in device performance relative to that of the pure PF–TPA–OXD device; we attributed this improvement to both a red‐shift of the electroluminescence (EL) spectra and an enhancement in quantum efficiency. At a blend ratio of 1:20, the EL spectrum is voltage‐independent and stable, and exhibits the characteristic emission of a DPAS moiety: a peak at 461 nm and Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.15, 0.18). The maximum external quantum efficiency is 2.08 % (2.87 cd A –1 ) at a bias of 9 V (86.1 mA cm –2 ) with a brightness of 2467 cd m –2 ; the maximum brightness (6916 cd m –2 ) occurred at an applied voltage of 13 V and a current density of 361 mA cm –2 .
Benchmarks for Grid-Based Pathfinding (2012)

The study of algorithms on grids has been widespread in a number of research areas. Grids are easy to implement and offer fast memory access. Because of their simplicity, they are used even in commercial video games. But, the evaluation of work on grids has been inconsistent between different papers. Many research papers use different problem sets, making it difficult to compare results between papers. Furthermore, the performance characteristics of each test set are not necessarily obvious. This has motivated the creation of a standard test set of maps and problems on the maps that are open for all researchers to use. In addition to creating these sets, we use a variety of metrics to analyze the properties of the test sets. The goal is that these test sets will be useful to many researchers, making experimental results more comparable across papers, and improving the quality of research on grid-based domains.
Self-assembly of nanoparticles at interfaces (2007)

Developments in the assembly of nanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces are reviewed where the assemblies can be controlled by tuning the size of the nanoparticles and the chemical characteristics of the ligands. Both synthetic and biological nanoparticles are discussed. By controlling the type of ligands, uniform and Janus-type nanoparticles can be produced where, at liquid-liquid interfaces, subsequent reactions of the ligands can be used to generate crosslinked sheets of nanoparticles at the interface that have applications including novel encapsulants, filtration devices with well-defined porosities, and controlled release materials. By controlling the size and volume fraction of the nanoparticles and the chemical nature of the ligands, nanoparticle-polymer composites can be generated where either enthalpy or entropy can be used to control the spatial distribution of the nanoparticles, thereby, producing auto-responsive materials that self-heal, self-corral assemblies of nanoparticles, or self-direct morphologies. Such systems hold great promise for generating novel optical, acoustic, electronic and magnetic materials.
The Mystic Statistic (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survey of Energy-Efficient and Power-Proportional Storage Systems (2013)

Increasingly, large-scale computing systems are consuming more power each passing year. As power consumption is on the rise, concern has been raised over the growing implications on power bills, carbon emissions and power supply limitations for data centers. Computing systems use hardware components that are not power proportional and machines comprising large systems tend to be underutilized, resulting in great wastage of energy. Motivated by this fact, researchers aim to improve the energy efficiency of these systems by increasing resource utilization and exploiting system characteristics in order to achieve power proportionality. However, many challenges burden the task of producing a power-aware, energy-efficient large-scale system that provides the same performance as today's systems. Particularly, storage systems are of great concern since storage consumes a large amount of power in the data center. This paper outlines the main problems and challenges of delivering power-efficient storage solutions, and proposes a taxonomy of power-aware techniques. This work aims to provide a detailed exposition of current trends in power-aware storage systems in a comprehensive and organized manner, outlining and comparing current solutions and challenges.
Fast-acting, long-stroke solenoids with two springs (2003)

A device with two oscillating springs controlled electromagnetically is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The mathematical model, based on finite-element analysis, consists of a dynamic model of motion which includes all relevant physical phenomena with the exception of eddy currents, which are then evaluated separately. The tests verify the mathematical model, quantify the possible time-versus-energy-input characteristic for a given stroke and volume, and allow comparison of this concept with a previously studied approach where repulsion forces are exerted on a moving permanent magnet. The latter is superior when the actuator is required to provide mechanical work in addition to fast motion over a long stroke, while the two-spring actuator is faster and uses less energy when motion alone is desired.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Status and analysis of low temperature viscoelasticity of waxy crude oil (2004)

Waxy crude oil has the property of viscoelasticity at low temperature (near the gel point). The main research advances on low temperature viscoelasticity of waxy crude oil were summarized. Viscoelasticity of waxy crude oil originated from the structure of waxy crystal. The oscillation shear method is the most suitable for the viscoelasticity measurement of waxy crude oil. Viscoelasticity is related to some properties such as gel point, gel strength,yield stress and thixotropy. The main factors influencing the viscoelasticity are the thermal, shear history of waxy crude oil and wax precipitation characteristics. The existing problems were analyzed from two aspects of cogitation and research. The relations between viscoelsticity and yield stress, thixotropy need to be studied for the theoretical breakthrough. From the point of pipelining safety, the prediction model of gel status represented by viscoelastic parameters should be developed during the pipeline operation and shutdown.
Copolymerization of 2-Carboxyisopropylacrylamide with <i>N</i>-Isopropylacrylamide Accelerates Cell Detachment from Grafted Surfaces by Reducing Temperature (2003)

Acrylic acid (AAc) has been utilized to introduce reactive carboxyl groups to a temperature-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm). However, AAc introduction shifts the copolymer phase transition temperatures higher and dampens the steep homopolymer phase transition with increasing AAc content. We previously synthesized 2-carboxyisopropylacrylamide (CIPAAm) having both a similar side chain structure to IPAAm and a functional carboxylate group in order to overcome these shortcomings. In the present study, these copolymers, grafted onto cell culture plastic, were assessed for cell adhesion control using their phase transition. AAc introduction to PIPAAm-grafted surfaces resulted in excessive surface hydration and hindered cell spreading in culture at 37 degrees C. In contrast, CIPAAm-containing copolymer-grafted surfaces exhibited relatively weak hydrophobicity similar to both homopolymer PIPAAm-grafted surfaces as well as commercial ungrafted tissue culture polystyrene dish surfaces. Cells adhered and spread well on these surfaces at 37 degrees C in culture. As observed previously on PIPAAm-grafted surfaces, cells were spontaneously detached from the copolymer-grafted surfaces by reducing culture temperature. Cell detachment was accelerated on the CIPAAm copolymer-grafted surfaces compared to pure IPAAm surfaces, suggesting that hydrophilic carboxyl group microenvironment in the monomer and polymer is important to accelerate grafted surface hydration below the lower critical solution temperature, detaching cells.
Hypocupremia Induced by Zinc Therapy in Adults (1978)

Hypocupremia occurred in an adult with sickle cell anemia who received zinc as an antisickling agent for two years. The hypocupremia was associated with microcytosis and relative neutropenia. Administration of copper resulted in an increase in RBC size and leukocyte counts. We have since observed hypoceruloplasminemia of varying degrees in several other sickle cell anemia patients who were receiving oral zinc therapy. This complication was easily corrected by copper supplementation.
Aloperine executes antitumor effects against multiple myeloma through dual apoptotic mechanisms (2015)

Aloperine has multifaceted antitumor effects on MM cells. Our data support the clinical development of aloperine for MM therapy.
Synthesis of <sup>11</sup>C‐Labelled Amides by Palladium‐Mediated Carboxamination Using [<sup>11</sup>C]Carbon Monoxide, in situ Activated Amines and 1,2,2,6,6‐Pentamethylpiperidine (2003)

Abstract Twenty‐seven 11 C‐labelled amides were synthesised using [ 11 C]carbon monoxide in low concentrations, palladium(0), organohalides and amines in a small micro‐autoclave (200 μL). The focus of the study was to improve the radiochemical yields in this palladium‐mediated amide synthesis when employing less‐reactive amines, such as methylamine, [(2 R )‐1‐ethylpyrrolidin‐2‐yl]methylamine ( 40 ) and 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)ethanamine ( 41 ). The radiochemical yields were improved when utilizing 1,2,2,6,6‐pentamethylpiperidine (pempidine) in combination with the amine substrates. The 11 C‐labelled amides were obtained mostly in high radiochemical yields (in the range 16−94%) and the specific radioactivity varied between 650 and 1250 GBq/μmol. 1‐(1,3‐Benzodioxol‐5‐yl[ 13 C]carbonyl)piperidine (6a) was synthesised to verify the labelling position (δ = 169.8 ppm) using 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The radiochemical purity of the target compounds was determined by analytical HPLC and exceeded 95%. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;pulsed laser radiation tellurium detectors (1978)

Subnanosecond detectors and beam monitors for pulsed CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser radiation using the photon drag and optical rectification effects in tellurium are presented. Tellurium devices at 10.6 μ have a response of the order of 80 μV/kW . cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> with an NEP of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8 \times 10^{-4}</tex> W . Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D*</tex> of 500 cm . Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> /W which is superior to commercially available photon drag detectors and monitors. It is also expected and experimentally demonstrated that the responsivities of large area monitors can be multiplied by cutting the original area into multi-element strips and electrically connecting them in series.