gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction of 2‐dimethylaminomethylene‐1,3‐diones with dinucleophiles. I. Synthesis of 1,5‐disubstituted 4‐acylpyrazoles (1982)

Abstract Reaction of open‐chain and cyclic sym ‐1,3‐diones with N,N ‐dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal gave, generally in high yield, a series of sym ‐2‐dimethylaminomethylene‐1,3‐diones which reacted with phenylhydrazine and methylhydrazine to afford, generally in satisfactory yield, a number of 1,5‐disubstituted 4‐acylpyrazoles. The applications and limits of this new pyrazole synthesis are presented and discussed.
Effect of alpha-tocopherol on restenosis after angioplasty in a model of experimental atherosclerosis. (1995)

The ability of alpha-tocopherol to reduce restenosis after angioplasty was tested in a rabbit model in which angioplasty was performed on established atherosclerotic lesions. Lesions induced by 4 wk of cholesterol feeding after focal desiccation of femoral arteries were balloon dilated. 3 wk after angioplasty, angiographically determined minimum luminal diameters were less in the untreated group (0.80 +/- 0.51 mm) than in the group treated with oral alpha-tocopherol beginning 19 d before angioplasty (1.38 +/- 0.29 mm; P < 0.01). The cross-sectional area of the intima-media was greater in the untreated group (1.18 +/- 0.48 mm2) than in the alpha-tocopherol group (0.62 +/- 0.25 mm2, P < 0.0001). These differences were not due to vasoconstriction or altered plasma cholesterol. Alpha-tocopherol thus reduced restenosis after angioplasty in this model. In rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells, oxidized low density lipoprotein stimulated DNA synthesis. Alpha-tocopherol treatment inhibited DNA synthesis stimulated by oxidized low density lipoprotein, but not by serum. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that oxidized lipids can stimulate hyperplasia and that antioxidants may limit hyperplasia by inhibiting either the oxidation or the proliferative effects of oxidants on cells.
Topical cohesion of communities on Twitter (2017)

Nowadays, Online Social Networks (OSN) are commonly used by groups of users to communicate. Members of a family, colleagues, fans of a brand, political groups... There is an increasing demand for a precise identification of these groups, coming from brand monitoring, business intelligence and e-reputation management. However, a gap can be observed between the communities detected by many data analytics algorithms on OSN, and effective groups existing in real life: the detected communities often lack of meaning and internal semantic cohesion. Most of existing literature on OSN either focuses on the community detection problem in graphs without considering the topic of the messages exchanged, or concentrates exclusively on the messages without taking into account the social links. In this article, we support the hypothesis that communities extracted on OSN should be topically coherent. We therefore propose a model to represent the groups of interaction on Twitter, the reference on micro-blogging OSN, and two metrics to evaluate the topical cohesion of the detected communities. As an evaluation, we measure the topical cohesion of the groups of users detected by a baseline community detection algorithm.
The Family of Sunlight-Related Eye Diseases (1994)

Five ocular disorders, independent clinical entities affecting different parts of the eye with distinctive histopathological features, are part of the same family of eye diseases because they share the same causal factors, of which the most important is molecular damage produced by sunlight. This family of eye diseases includes the major sources of impaired vision and blindness in our society, age-related cataract and age-related macular degeneration. Pterygium, photokeratitis, and cancer of peri-ocular skin are also sunlight-related eye diseases. In each condition, solar radiation, oxygen, and heat, acting in combination, are the primary causal factors. Analysis of the action spectra indicates that only the high-energy radiation in the solar spectrum, particularly the ultraviolet (UV), is hazardous to the eye. The evidence in support of these conclusions is summarized. It indicates that the risk of all sunlight-related eye diseases can be diminished by use of eyewear that absorbs the high-energy constituents of solar radiation during exposure to sunlight.
Homocystine and lung cancer (2009)

Morbility of lung cancer is higher than that of other malignant tumors in the world.Homocystine has become a vital serum biomarker in recent bronchogenic carcinoma studies.This article reviews the relationship between lung cancer and homoeystine on synthesis,metabolism,genetics of the key enzymes(methylene tetrahydrofolate reduetase,methionine synthase and cystathionine β-synthase)and the concentration changes of important cofactors in vivo.It is expected to provide an important biomarker of better sensibility and specificity for clinic and research,and provide a part of underlying data for deep study on lung cancer.

Key words: 
Homocystine; Lung cancer; Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase; Folic acid
A more practical PRAM model (1989)

This paper introduces the Asynchronous PRAM model of computation, a variant of the PRAM in which the processors run asy ~chronously and there is an explicit charge for synchronization. A fanfily of Asynchrooous PRAM's are defined, varying in the types of synchronization steps permitted and the costs for accessing the shared memory. Algorithms, lower bounds, and simulation results are presented for an interesting member of the family. unit time in the model. Although an idealized model, the PRAM has proven to be a useful model for studying parallel computation (see [KRS8] for a survey of results). The model is simple and relatively easy to use: its shared memory abstraction hides the details of the interprocessor communication and synchronization.
The Treatment of Fibromyalgia with Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (2001)

In cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES), micro-current levels of electrical stimulation are passed across the head via electrodes clipped to the ear lobes. After successful clinical use of CES with fibromyalgia patients in our clinic, it was decided to test these results with a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which 60 randomly assigned patients were given 3 weeks of 1-hour-daily CES treatments, sham CES treatments, or were held as wait-in-line controls for any placebo effect in the sham-treated patients. Treated patients showed a 28% improvement in tender point scores, and a 27% improvement in self-rated scores of general pain level. The number of subjects rating their quality of sleep as poor dropped from 60% at the beginning of the study to 5%. In addition, there were significant gains in the self-rated feelings of well-being and quality of life, plus gains in six stress-related psychological test measures. No placebo effect was found among the sham-treated controls. A theoretical role of CES in affecting the brain's pain message mechanisms and/or neurohormonal control systems is discussed. It is concluded that CES is as effective as the drug therapies in several trials, with no negative side effects, and deserves further consideration as an additional agent for the treatment of fibromyalgia.
Simulating a Random Walk with Constant Error (2006)

We analyse Jim Propp's $P$-machine, a simple deterministic process that simulates a random walk on ${\mathbb Z}^d$ to within a constant. The proof of the error bound relies on several estimates in the theory of simple random walks and some careful summing. We mention three intriguing conjectures concerning sign-changes and unimodality of functions in the linear span of $\{p(\cdot,{\bf x}) : {\bf x} \in {\mathbb Z}^d\}$, where $p(n,{\bf x})$ is the probability that a walk beginning from the origin arrives at ${\bf x}$ at time $n$.
GIUDITTA TURINA AND BELLINI (1959)

GIUDITTA TURINA AND BELLINI Get access FRANK WALKER FRANK WALKER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Music and Letters, Volume XL, Issue 1, January 1959, Pages 19–34, https://doi.org/10.1093/ml/XL.1.19 Published: 01 January 1959
Structural Effects on the Physical Properties of Ionic Liquids (2003)

Ionic liquids are a class of salts consisting of cation/anion pair that has a very low melting point. Definition of an ionic liquid is open to some debate amongst researchers in the area, but most in the are use of two. 1) An ionic compound that melts below 100 degrees C (b.p. of H2O). 2)An ionic compound that has a melting point at or below ambient temperatures. These are often called RTILs (Room Temperature Ionic Liquids).
Enhanced Germination Rates and Growth of DCPTA-treated Guayule Seed (1990)

A 26-μ m DCPTA seed treatment for guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) was developed. We obtained a 23% increase in germination rate as measured by the coefficient of velocity (C.V.). Greenhouse seedlings grown from DCPTA-treated seeds exhibited a 22% increase in dry weight and a 95% increase in survival rate under water-limiting conditions. In field-grown guayule, multiple foliar applications of 8.2 m m DCPTA increased the total amount of rubber in roots as much as 58% without affecting the rubber content in the stems. Chemical name used: 2-Diethylaminoethyl-3,4-Dichlorophenylether (DCFTA).
Tacrolimus Updated Guidelines through popPK Modeling: How to Benefit More from CYP3A Pre-emptive Genotyping Prior to Kidney Transplantation (2017)

Tacrolimus (Tac) is a profoundly effective immunosuppressant that reduces the risk of rejection after solid organ transplantation. However, its use is hampered by its narrow therapeutic window along with its highly variable pharmacological (pharmacokinetic [PK] and pharmacodynamic [PD]) profile. Part of this variability is explained by genetic polymorphisms affecting the metabolic pathway. The integration of <i>CYP3A4</i> and <i>CY3A5</i> genotype in tacrolimus population-based PK (PopPK) modeling approaches has been proven to accurately predict the dose requirement to reach the therapeutic window. The objective of the present study was to develop an accurate PopPK model in a cohort of 59 kidney transplant patients to deliver this information to clinicians in a clear and actionable manner. We conducted a non-parametric non-linear effects PopPK modeling analysis in Pmetrics<sup>®</sup>. Patients were genotyped for the <i>CYP3A4<sup>∗</sup>22</i> and <i>CYP3A5<sup>∗</sup>3</i> alleles and were classified into 3 different categories [poor-metabolizers (PM), Intermediate-metabolizers (IM) or extensive-metabolizers (EM)]. A one-compartment model with double gamma absorption route described very accurately the tacrolimus PK. In covariate analysis, only <i>CYP3A</i> genotype was retained in the final model (Δ-2LL = -73). Our model estimated that tacrolimus concentrations were 33% IC<sub>95%</sub>[20-26%], 41% IC<sub>95%</sub>[36-45%] lower in <i>CYP3A</i> IM and EM when compared to PM, respectively. Virtually, we proved that defining different starting doses for PM, IM and EM would be beneficial by ensuring better probability of target concentrations attainment allowing us to define new dosage recommendations according to patient <i>CYP3A</i> genetic profile.
Half-duplex or full-duplex relaying: A capacity analysis under self-interference (2013)

In this paper multi-antenna half-duplex and full-duplex relaying are compared from the perspective of achievable rates. Full-duplexing operation requires additional resources at the relay such as antennas and RF chains for self-interference cancellation. Using a practical model for the residual self-interference, full-duplex achievable rates and degrees of freedom are computed for the cases for which the relay has the same number of antennas or the same number of RF chains as in the half-duplex case, and compared with their half-duplex counterparts. It is shown that power scaling at the relay is necessary to maximize the degrees of freedom in the full-duplex mode.
322. Some homologues of resorcinol (1934)

R. Robinson and R. C. Shah, J. Chem. Soc., 1934, 1491 DOI: 10.1039/JR9340001491
Robust skin detection using multi-spectral illumination (2011)

In computer vision, many applications could greatly benefit from multi-spectral image data. Our aim is to illustrate the effectiveness of multi-spectral analysis obtained from a simple and cost-effective system. While the proposed approach is broadly applicable, in this paper we focus on the specific case of skin detection. To obtain the multi-spectral data, we have assembled a system using multiple LEDs with different spectra to illuminate the scene and a conventional RGB camera to acquire images. A methodology is proposed to avoid strict requirements on the experimental environment, by adopting a simple training procedure which is tuned for the detection of human skin. Next a specific feature set is defined and a corresponding normalization method is designed to improve the robustness to changes in skin color and incident light, issues not addressed by available prior art. Finally, we use supervised learning to train our skin detector. We demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of our skin detector through extensive benchmarking. The proposed methodology enables a superior performance of skin detection compared to relevant alternative proposals.
Analysis and Design of Externally Pressurized Gas Bearings (1962)

Equations for flow rate, pressure, load, and stiffness of externally pressurized thrust and journal bearings are given for purely viscous, isothermal gas films with longitudinal or radial flow and no relative surface motion. Charts are presented by means of which the bearing characteristics can be evaluated in terms of the bearing parameter, the bearing configuration, and the ratio of supply to ambient pressure. Sample characteristics of thrust and journal bearings are established using the curves and experimental confirmation shown. A method of treating bearing films with two inlet-restricting orifices in series is described.
The deformation of metals under small stresses during phase transformations (1965)

Abstract Stresses are developed internally in metals when a change in density and strength arises from a phase transformation. It is shown that plastic flow, generally confined to the weaker phase, results from the accommodation of strain due to the transformation front. The form of the plastic flow is considered in terms of the extreme cases of yield and creep behaviour. It is deduced that, for a complete cycle both ways through the transformation temperature, the resultant deformation varies linearly with the applied stress (provided this is small), the fractional volume change on transformation and inversely as the flow stress of the weaker phase. The deformation is not zero in the absence of external stress except where the phase transformation front has random orientation and movement. The theoretically deduced relations are examined experimentally by observing the deformation of specimens with attached weights, giving small tensile stresses, while their temperature was cycled through a transformation point. Phase transformations were examined in a number of metals involving a variety of crystal structures: reasonable agreement between theory and experiment was obtained in all cases.
Organic Crystals with Tunable Emission Colors Based on a Single Organic Molecule and Different Molecular Packing Structures (2006)

3(5)-(9-Anthryl)pyrazole (ANP) can be used as a building block to construct different luminescent single crystals based on hydrogen bonding and π…π stacking interactions. Five types of single crystals—obtained by controlling the molecular assembly structures—that exhibit blue, blue-green, and green emission can be obtained, two of which are shown in the figure with their corresponding structures. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2006/c0704_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Masked Face Detection based on Micro-Texture and Frequency Analysis (2015)

Recognition with biometric system is a vulnerable approach in security area. But face recognition approach is popular tone of them to spoofing attacks which can be done by falsifying data using craft faces and thereby gaining illegitimate access. An easy way to spoof face recognition system is to use past taken photographs instead of live person. Thus, Liveness detection is needed to design a secure system against like such illegal activities. Inspired from the facts that the images taken from the 2-D pictures and real faces have differences in characteristics like size, shape and detailedness, face prints having printing quality defects that can detected easily via using micro-texture analysis. We are proposing a novel approach analyzing texture and frequency analysis by using Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and frequency descriptor respectively. This provides a unique feature space for coupling spoofing detection and face recognition. Experiments which we were done on publicly available database produced fabulous result and we can clearly illustrate live faces and 2-D photographs.
Footwear contact dermatitis in children (1996)

8 children aged 1 to 13 years, clinically suspected of having contact dermatitis due to footwear, have been studied in our Paediatric Dermatology Unit from January 1980 to September 1995. Patch tests have been performed with the European standard series and with constituents of the patients' own shoes. In our study, patients appeared to be predominantly sensitive to rubber chemicals. Avoiding shoes or materials that had been identified improved the symptoms in most cases.
Preparation and characterization of transparent conducting ZnO:W films by DC magnetron sputtering (2011)

Tungsten-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:W) films with low resistivity and high transmittance were successfully deposited on glass substrates by direct current magnetron sputtering at low temperature. The deposition pressure is varied from 12 to 21 Pa. The X-ray diffraction results show that all of the deposited films are polycrystalline and have a hexagonal structure with a preferred c-axis orientation. The crystallinity, morphologies and resistivity of ZnO:W films greatly depend on deposition pressure while the optical properties including optical transmittance, optical band gap as well as refractive index are not sensitive to deposition pressure. The deposited films with an electrical resistivity as low as 1.5 × 10−4 Ω·cm, sheet resistance of 6.8 Ω/□ and an average transmittance of 91.3% in the visible range were obtained at a deposition pressure of 21 Pa and sputtering power of 130 W.
Nanoscale functional interlayers formed through spontaneous vertical phase separation in polymer photovoltaic devices (2009)

A nanoscale interlayer formed through spontaneous vertical phase separation enhances the efficiency and stability of polymer solar cells. Poly(ethylene glycol) molecules blended into the photoactive layer spontaneously migrate to the surface of the polymer blend to form the interfacial buffer, thereby reducing the contact resistance after undergoing chemical reactions with the Al atoms of the cathode. The vertical phase separation of PEG molecules in the device were investigated by using depth profiling scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.
Room Temperature Color Center Laser With Solid State Raman Shifter For 0.84-1.6 μm Spectral Region (1989)

The development of wide range continuously tuhable lasers is an important problem of quantum electronics. A great achievement in this field has been made by color center lasers. This paper is devoted to the development of powerful widely tunable solid state laser systems. Our earlier results in obtaining tunable lasing in the near IR region, in LiF crystals with F; and F. color centers finally resulted in the development of the pulse-pe-riodic computer scanned tunable color center laser "MALSAN-201". The device has two independent optical channels working simultaneously (Fig 1).
A self-tuning page cleaner for DB2 (2003)

The buffer pool in a DBMS is used to cache the disk pages of the database. Because typical database workloads are I/O-bound, the effectiveness of the buffer pool management algorithm is a crucial factor in the performance of the DBMS. In IBM's DB2 buffer pool, the page cleaning algorithm is used to write changed pages to disks before they are selected for replacement. We conducted a detailed study of page cleaning in DB2 version 7.1.0 for Windows by both trace-driven simulation and measurements. Our results show that system throughput can be increased by 19% when the page cleaning algorithm is carefully tuned. In practice, however the manual tuning of this algorithm is difficult. A self-tuning algorithm for page cleaning is proposed posed in this paper to automate this tuning task. Simulation results show that the self-tuning algorithm can achieve performance comparable to the best manually tuned system.
Roles for HLA and KIR polymorphisms in natural killer cell repertoire selection and modulation of effector function (2006)

Interactions between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands regulate the development and response of human natural killer (NK) cells. Natural selection drove an allele-level group A KIR haplotype and the HLA-C1 ligand to unusually high frequency in the Japanese, who provide a particularly informative population for investigating the mechanisms by which KIR and HLA polymorphism influence NK cell repertoire and function. HLA class I ligands increase the frequencies of NK cells expressing cognate KIR, an effect modified by gene dose, KIR polymorphism, and the presence of other cognate ligand-receptor pairs. The five common Japanese KIR3DLI allotypes have distinguishable inhibitory capacity, frequency of cellular expression, and level of cell surface expression as measured by antibody binding. Although KIR haplotypes encoding 3DL1*001 or 3DL1*005, the strongest inhibitors, have no activating KIR, the dominant haplotype encodes a moderate inhibitor, 3DL1*01502, plus functional forms of the activating receptors 2DL4 and 2DS4. In the population, certain combinations of KIR and HLA class I ligand are overrepresented or underrepresented in women, but not men, and thus influence female fitness and survival. These findings show how KIR-HLA interactions shape the genetic and phenotypic KIR repertoires for both individual humans and the population.