gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Vision-based Landing and Terrain Mapping Using an MPC-controlled Unmanned Rotorcraft (2007)

In this paper, we present a vision-based terrain mapping and analysis system, and a model predictive control (MPC)-based flight control system, for autonomous landing of a helicopter-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in unknown terrain. The vision system is centered around Geyer et al.'s recursive multi-frame planar parallax algorithm (2006), which accurately estimates 3D structure using geo-referenced images from a single camera, as well as a modular and efficient mapping and terrain analysis module. The vision system determines the best trajectory to cover large areas of terrain or to perform closer inspection of potential landing sites, and the flight control system guides the vehicle through the requested flight pattern by tracking the reference trajectory as computed by a real-time MPC-based optimization. This trajectory layer, which uses a constrained system model, provides an abstraction between the vision system and the vehicle. Both vision and flight control results are given from flight tests with an electric UAV.
The Long-Term Stone Recurrence Rate and Renal Function Change in Unilateral Nephrectomy Urolithiasis Patients (1994)

We evaluated the stone recurrence rate and long-term renal function in 50 patients with a solitary kidney 60 to 84 months (mean 70.6) after unilateral nephrectomy for urinary tract stone disease. Followup evaluation included a detailed history, physical examination, blood and urine biochemistry studies, urinalysis, urine culture, excretory urography, ultrasonography of the kidney and 131iodine-ortho-iodohippurate renography. The overall stone recurrence rate in unilateral nephrectomy urolithiasis patients was 30% (15 of 50). The mean interval until stone recurrence was 31.1 months (range 6 to 74) and the mean episodes of recurrence were 2.1 times per patient (range 1 to 5). Function of the remnant kidney in most patients was unchanged during followup. However, 2 of the 15 patients with recurrent stones had anuria during the acute attack of renal colic and, thus, required percutaneous nephrostomy urinary diversion, while 1 had proteinuria (3 gm. per day) and progressive renal failure 47 months after nephrectomy. The metabolic stone patients seemed to experience recurrence more easily than metabolic stone patients seemed to experience recurrence more easily than infection stone patients (37% versus 13%) but no statistically significant difference was noted (p = 0.198).
Sulfation of Glycolipids by Human Gastric Mucosa in Disease (1987)

The activity levels of sulfotransferase enzymes involved in the transfer of sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to mucosal membrane and mucus gel glycolipids were studied in fundic and antral mucosal biopsies of patients with severe and chronic gastritis, gastric atrophy, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer. With sulfotransferase which catalyzes the sulfation of mucus triglucosyl glyceroglucolipid increase in enzyme activity over the control was observed in patients with chronic and severe gastritis, and gastric atrophy, while a decrease in activity was noted in patients with gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. The differences were significant at p less than 0.001 for severe gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. The increase in activity of sulfotransferase enzyme involved in the sulfation of membrane galactosylceramide over the control was observed in antral and fundic mucosa of all patients. Significant (p less than 0.001) differences were found in patients with severe gastritis, gastric atrophy and gastric ulcer. The results indicate that considerable changes in the activities of the mucosal sulfotransferase enzymes involved in the synthesis of membrane and secretory sulfolipids occur in gastric disease.
Inhibiting Effects of Spermidine Derivatives on<i>Trypanosoma Cruzz</i>Trypanothione Reductase (1996)

Trypanothione reductase is a vital component of the antioxidant defenses of trypanosomes. This enzyme reduces trypanothione, a spermidine-glutathione conjugate. The inhibitory effects of several spermidine derivatives on the reduction of trypanothione by Trypanosoma cruzi trypanothione reductase were assessed. Spermidine derivatives containing hydrophobic aromatic substituents were found to be competitive inhibitors of trypanothione reductase. N4-acylated spermidine derivatives were less effective inhibitors than the corresponding N4-alkylated derivatives. The most effective compounds studied were N1, N8-bis(2-naphthylmethyl)spermidine and N4-(2-naphthylmethyl)spermidine, with Ki values of 9.5 and 108 microM, respectively.
Genetic Evidence that Interhelical Packing Interactions in the gp41 Core Are Critical for Transition of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoprotein to the Fusion-Active State (2002)

The envelope glycoprotein complex (gp120-gp41) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) promotes the fusion of viral and cellular membranes through formation of the fusion-active six-helix bundle in the gp41 ectodomain. This gp41 core structure consists of three C-terminal helices packed in an antiparallel manner into hydrophobic grooves on the surface of the N-terminal trimeric coiled coil. Alanine mutations that destabilize the N- and C-terminal interhelical packing interactions also reduce viral infectivity. Here we show that viruses bearing these mutations exhibit a marked potentiation of inhibition by peptides that make up the gp41 core. By contrast, these viruses are unchanged in their sensitivities to soluble CD4, the CXCR4 coreceptor ligand SDF-1alpha, and human anti-HIV immunoglobulin, reagents that impact the initial, receptor-induced conformational changes in the envelope glycoprotein. Our results support the notion that these alanine mutations specifically affect the conformational transition to the fusion-active gp41 structure. The mutations also increase viral sensitivity to the gp41-directed monoclonal antibody 2F5, suggesting that this broadly neutralizing antibody may also interfere with this transition. The conformational activation of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein likely represents a viable target for vaccine and antiviral drug development.
Detecting Hg<sup>2+</sup> Ions with an ICT Fluorescent Sensor Molecule:  Remarkable Emission Spectra Shift and Unique Selectivity (2006)

A fluorescent ratiometric Hg2+ ion sensor RMS, based on a coumarin platform coupled with a tetraamide receptor, is presented. This sensor, employing the ICT mechanism, could be used to specifically detect Hg2+ ions in a neutral buffered water solution with an approximately 100-nm blue shift in emission spectra.
Micromachined Arch-type cantilever as high sensitivity uncooled infrared detector (2005)

In this article, we discuss an uncooled infrared (IR) detector based on an “arch-type” design realized with advanced microelectromechanical systems technology. Bimaterial microcantilevers undergo bending as their temperature changes due to the absorption of infrared photons. The bending is proportional to dissimilar thermal expansion of the two different materials composing the cantilever. We select the most optimal combination of materials used commonly in the micromachining technology resulting in highest bimaterial effect. Well known SU8 negative resist is one promising candidate having high thermal expansion coefficient (α=52×10−6∕K), and relatively low thermal conductivity (0.2W∕mK). Creating a micromechanical “arch” shaped cantilever a differential stress is induced due to different thermal expansion of middle beam formed from the SU8-film. Moreover, we fabricate a design microcantilever IR detector that consists two unique skills: (i) a Si/SU8 bimaterial system as material combination with beneficial bimaterial effect and (ii) tiny silicon “arch” shaped loop which includes two beams for piezoresistive detection of the bending.
Possible Uses of Micro-organisms in the Manufacture of Plastics and Synthetic Fibres (1986)

Roles differents des microorganismes dans la fabrication des plastiques et de fibres synthetiques. Biosynthese de polymeres: pullulane, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. Emploi de micro-organismes comme biocatalyseurs: production d'intermediaires importants pour la fabrication de polyphenylene, production d'acide acrylique, production de biphenyle-dihydroxy(4,4'), synthese d'epoxydes a partir d'alcenes gazeux. Production microbienne d'intermediaires pour la synthese de polyamides
Investigation of polarization bistability in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers subjected to optical feedback (2005)

Polarization bistability in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) subject to optical feedback has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Optical feedback is shown to reduce the width of the bistability hysteresis loop and, hence, suppress the bistability. It is also demonstrated experimentally that polarization-selective optical feedback can be utilized to eliminate VCSEL polarization switching without inducing instabilities in the device.
Post-training Iterative Hierarchical Data Augmentation for Deep Networks (2020)

In this paper, we propose a new iterative hierarchical data augmentation (IHDA) method to fine-tune trained deep neural networks to improve their generalization performance. The IHDA is motivated by three key insights: (1) Deep networks (DNs) are good at learning multi-level representations from data. (2) Performing data augmentation (DA) in the learned feature spaces of DNs can significantly improve their performance. (3) Implementing DA in hard-to-learn regions of a feature space can effectively augment the dataset to improve generalization. Accordingly, the IHDA performs DA in a deep feature space, at level l, by transforming it into a distribution space and synthesizing new samples using the learned distributions for data points that lie in hard-to-classify regions, which is estimated by analyzing the neighborhood characteristics of each data point. The synthesized samples are used to fine-tune the parameters of the subsequent layers. The same procedure is then repeated for the feature space at level l+1. To avoid overfitting, the concept of dropout probability is employed, which is gradually relaxed as the IHDA works towards high-level feature spaces. IHDA provided a state-of-the-art performance on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet for several DNs, and beat the performance of existing state-of-the-art DA approaches for the same networks on these datasets. Finally, to demonstrate its domain-agnostic properties, we show the significant improvements that IHDA provided for a deep neural network on a non-image wearable sensor-based activity recognition benchmark.
Position sensing using an optical potentiometer (1992)

A simple optical potentiometer design is proposed for position sensing in large-scale structures during dynamic excitation. It consists of a long thin section of photoluminescent (PL) material with a length appropriate to the maximum expected movement and terminated by two photodiode detectors. The PL material and photodiode assembly are attached to the moving structure, and the material is excited by a light source that is fixed with reference to the moving part of the structure. Some of the emitted light propagates towards the ends of the material, where is it detected by the photodiodes. The intensity of the light in the PL material decays exponentially with increasing distance from the source. The relative movement between the light source and material and therefore the two parts of the moving structure are then deduced from the intensity of the light detected by the photodiodes. Since the potentiometer can be constructed of hermetically sealed components, it is suitable for outside environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Triarylboron Anions. I. Magnetic and Cryoscopic Studies of Monovalent Trimesitylboron Anion Solutions<sup>1a,b</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriarylboron Anions. I. Magnetic and Cryoscopic Studies of Monovalent Trimesitylboron Anion Solutions1a,bTing Li Chu and Theodore J. WeismannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 1, 23–26Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01582a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01582a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Therapeutic Potential of Oligonucleotides Expressing Immunosuppressive TTAGGG Motifs (2005)

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) expressing immunosuppressive TTAGGG motifs downregulate the production of proinflammatory and Th1 cytokines. The ability of these "suppressive ODNs" to slow or prevent the development of diseases characterized by over-exuberant immune stimulation was examined. Suppressive ODNs significantly reduced disease severity in murine models of arthritis, lupus, and LPS-induced toxic shock. These beneficial effects were accompanied by a significant reduction in serum autoantibody and cytokine levels. Underlying these protective effects was the ability of suppressive ODNs to bind to and prevent the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT4, thereby blocking the signaling cascade central to the initiation and/or perpetuation of these disease states. These findings suggest that suppressive ODNs might find use in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases characterized by excessive immune stimulation.
Expression and modulation by cytokines of the intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) in human central nervous system tumor cell cultures (1990)

The intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) has been shown to be important in interactions involving cells of the immune system and to be upregulated in a number of cell culture systems by cytokines, including immune interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In the present study, we have determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis and the anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) CL203.4 the base-line expression of ICAM-1 and its modulation by recombinant IFN-beta, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in early passage (less than 15) human central nervous system (CNS) tumor-derived cell cultures. These cultures were established from various malignancies, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), astrocytoma (AST), ganglioglioma, medulloblastoma, meningioma and a pineal tumor. ICAM-1 expression was highest in the GBM- and AST-derived cell cultures and was lowest in the ganglioglioma and normal pineal cell cultures. Variable ICAM-1 expression was found, however, in tumors of the same histological group. In several cell cultures the variable expression observed by FACS was substantiated by the intensity of the molecular species immunoprecipitated by the anti-ICAM-1 MAb CL203.4 from these cells. All the cell cultures displayed variable but consistent increases in ICAM-1 expression following treatment with IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha. In general, the degree of increase in ICAM-1 expression was greatest in cultures exposed to TNF-alpha. Upregulation of ICAM-1 expression in an established glioblastoma multiforme cell line was of greater magnitude and more rapid following TNF-alpha treatment (within 2 to 3 hr) than exposure to IFN-gamma (by 24 hr). In several cultures, IFN-beta also increased ICAM-1 expression and enhanced the increase induced by TNF-alpha. The results of the present study indicate that variable expression of ICAM-1 is a common property of early passage cultures of CNS tumors and recombinant interferons and TNF-alpha can differentially upregulate ICAM-1 expression in these CNS tumor cell cultures.
Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/chitosan‐<i>graft</i>‐polyaniline composites with electromagnetic interference shielding properties: Synthesis, characterization, and curing kinetics (2018)

Conducting filler based on chitosan and grafted polyaniline (Ch‐ g ‐PANI) was prepared with different grafting ratios and used as fillers for polyester powder coating system. Differential scanning calorimetry is applied to study the effect of Ch‐ g ‐PANI on the curing of the polyester powder coating. The activation energy calculated by isoconversional Kissinger method was increased by either increasing the Ch‐ g ‐PANI content or the content of polyaniline in the filler, suggesting the contribution of the filler in the curing reactions. The cured samples were characterized using FTIR and TG analyses. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the total thermal stability was enhanced upon the filler addition as detected from the values of integral procedural decomposition temperature. Furthermore, a dielectric study showed that the dielectric constant and loss were increased upon increasing of the filler. Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation was well‐fitted when used to examine the dependence of α ‐relaxation on the temperature and the dielectrically calculated T g values were comparable to that measured by DSC. The shielding effectiveness toward microwaves was enhanced by increasing the filler content. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:372–381, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
Ranking item features by mining online user-item interactions (2014)

We assume a database of items in which each item is described by a set of attributes, some of which could be multi-valued. We refer to each of the distinct attribute values as a feature. We also assume that we have information about the interactions (such as visits or likes) between a set of users and those items. In our paper, we would like to rank the features of an item using user-item interactions. For instance, if the items are movies, features could be actors, directors or genres, and user-item interaction could be user liking the movie. These information could be used to identify the most important actors for each movie. While users are drawn to an item due to a subset of its features, a user-item interaction only provides an expression of user preference over the entire item, and not its component features. We design algorithms to rank the features of an item depending on whether interaction information is available at aggregated or individual level granularity and extend them to rank composite features (set of features). Our algorithms are based on constrained least squares, network flow and non-trivial adaptations to non-negative matrix factorization. We evaluate our algorithms using both real-world and synthetic datasets.
Photonic Structure Textile Design for Localized Thermal Cooling Based on a Fiber Blending Scheme (2016)

There is great potential for energy savings in buildings if temperature set points of cooling systems can be extended by 1–2 °C (2–4 °F) provided that the thermal comfort of building occupants is maintained. Since most body heat is dissipated through thermal radiation, the photonic properties of textiles can play an essential role in localized thermal cooling. Current textiles are very opaque at infrared wavelengths and prevent the efficient transmission of thermal radiation from the human body when temperature set points are increased. In this work, we show a design approach for photonic structure textiles based on fiber materials that are both comfortable to wear and allow localized thermal cooling at increased set points. Our design principle is based on the blending of fibers that are largely infrared transparent to achieve efficient cooling and natural, infrared-opaque fibers for comfort of wearing. We use a full-vector electromagnetic field method to calculate our designs’ spectral, directional properties and we apply a detailed radiative heat transfer model based on a full spectral, directional net radiation method that we developed. We demonstrate that our designs, containing up to one-third cotton and two-thirds nylon, allow net heat transfer at an extended set point of 26.1 °C (79 °F) that exceeds the cooling abilities of a cotton-only design at the current thermal comfort set point of 23.9 °C (75 °F), which can result in more than 30% energy savings. We also find that the combined (radiative, convective and conductive) heat transfer for our designs at 26.1 °C (79 °F) exceeds the metabolic power rate of 58.2 W/m2 for an adult in a sedentary state.
Literature Review on Changing Fatherhood in China (2017)

Introduction / History of Chinese Fatherhood Research / Overview of Research into Changing Attitudes Towards Chinese Fatherhood / Overview of Research into Changing Chinese Fatherhood Practices / Overview of Research into the Factors Underlying Changing Chinese Fatherhood / Conclusions and discussion
Cochannel interference measurement in mobile radio systems (1985)

A new cochannel interference measurement method for mobile communications, which uses the beat phenomena in the resultant envelope of signal and interference, is proposed. This method has been proven both theoretically and experimentally able to measure CIR up to 15 dB within a fading frequency of 80 Hz. The interference measurement circuit using a widely available 1-chip microprocessor is designed. The program and data memories is about 2k byte. Further, an interference reduction effect by intra-zone channel reassignment, in the case of increasing interference, is clarified by computer simulation. Intra-zone channel reassignment is achieved by using both the cochannel interference measurement and channel exchange techniques.
Presence of a Single Genotype of the Newly Described Species <i>Mycobacterium immunogenum</i> in Industrial Metalworking Fluids Associated with Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (2002)

Outbreaks of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) among industrial metal-grinding machinists working with water-based metalworking fluids (MWF) have frequently been associated with high levels of mycobacteria in the MWF, but little is known about these organisms. We collected 107 MWF isolates of mycobacteria from multiple industrial sites where HP had been diagnosed and identified them to the species level by a molecular method (PCR restriction enzyme analysis [PRA]). Their genomic DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns, as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were compared to those of 15 clinical (patient) isolates of the recently described rapidly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium immunogenum. A total of 102 of 107 (95%) MWF isolates (from 10 industrial sites within the United States and Canada) were identified as M. immunogenum and gave PRA patterns identical to those of the clinical isolates. Using genomic DNA, PFGE was performed on 80 of these isolates. According to RFLP analysis using the restriction enzymes DraI and XbaI, 78 of 80 (98%) of the MWF isolates represented a single clone. In contrast, none of the 15 clinical isolates had genetic patterns the same as or closely related to those of any of the others. Given the genomic heterogeneity of clinical isolates of M. immunogenum, the finding that a single genotype was present at all industrial sites is remarkable. This suggests that this genotype possesses unusual features that may relate to its virulence and its potential etiologic role in HP and/or to its resistance to biocides frequently used in MWF.