gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of microsomal lipid peroxidation by glutathione and glutathione transferases B and AA. Role of endogenous phospholipase A2 (1984)

Lipid peroxidation in vitro in rat liver microsomes (microsomal fractions) initiated by ADP-Fe3+ and NADPH was inhibited by the rat liver soluble supernatant fraction. When this fraction was subjected to frontal-elution chromatography, most, if not all, of its inhibitory activity could be accounted for by the combined effects of two fractions, one containing Se-dependent glutathione (GSH) peroxidase activity and the other the GSH transferases. In the latter fraction, GSH transferases B and AA, but not GSH transferases A and C, possessed inhibitory activity. GSH transferase B replaced the soluble supernatant fraction as an effective inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in vitro. If the microsomes were pretreated with the phospholipase A2 inhibitor p-bromophenacyl bromide, neither the soluble supernatant fraction nor GSH transferase B inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro. Similarly, if all microsomal enzymes were heat-inactivated and lipid peroxidation was initiated with FeCl3/sodium ascorbate neither the soluble supernatant fraction nor GSH transferase B caused inhibition, but in both cases inhibition could be restored by the addition of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 to the incubation. It is concluded that the inhibition of microsomal lipid peroxidation in vitro requires the consecutive action of phospholipase A2, which releases fatty acyl hydroperoxides from peroxidized phospholipids, and GSH peroxidases, which reduce them. The GSH peroxidases involved are the Se-dependent GSH peroxidase and the Se-independent GSH peroxidases GSH transferases B and AA.
Penetration and differentiation of cephalic neural crest‐derived cells in the developing mouse telencephalon (2012)

Neural crest (NC) cells originate from the neural folds and migrate into the various embryonic regions where they differentiate into multiple cell types. A population of cephalic neural crest-derived cells (NCDCs) penetrates back into the developing forebrain to differentiate into microvascular pericytes, but little is known about when and how cephalic NCDCs invade the telencephalon and differentiate into pericytes. Using a transgenic mouse line in which NCDCs are genetically labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), we observed that NCDCs started to invade the telencephalon together with endothelial cells from embryonic day (E) 9.5. A majority of NCDCs located in the telencephalon expressed pericyte markers, that is, PDGFRβ and NG2, and differentiated into pericytes around E11.5. Surprisingly, many of the NC-derived pericytes express p75, an undifferentiated NCDC marker at E11.5, as well as NCDCs in the mesenchyme. At the same time, a minor population of NCDCs that located separately from blood vessels in the telencephalon were NG2-negative and some of these NCDCs also expressed p75. Proliferation and differentiation of pericytes appeared to occur in a specific mesenchymal region where blood vessels penetrated into the telencephalon. These results indicate that (i) NCDCs penetrate back into the telencephalon in parallel with angiogenesis, (ii) many NC-derived pericytes may be still in pre-mature states even though after differentiation into pericytes in the early developing stages, (iii) a small minority of NCDCs may retain undifferentiated states in the developing telencephalon, and (iv) a majority of NCDCs proliferate and differentiate into pericytes in the mesenchyme around the telencephalon.
Polyvinyl chloride toxicity in fires. Hydrogen chloride toxicity in fire fighters (1976)

Polyvinyl chloride, of all the plastic polymers, has been implicated primarily in causing the most serious problem in fire fighting today because it releases hydrogen chloride gas when burning. One hundred seventy fire fighters who experienced symptoms from its toxicity have been studied from 1970 to 1975. One died. (<i>JAMA</i>235:393-397, 1976)
CD1d-Restricted Natural Killer T Cells: Roles in Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tolerance (2006)

Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a heterogeneous group of T cells that share properties characteristic of both T cells and NK cells and possess a variety of unusual properties with regard to antigen recognition and function. Many of these cells recognize the non-polymorphic CD1d molecule, an antigen-presenting molecule that binds self- and foreign lipids. The best known subset of CD1d-dependent NKT cells expresses an invariant T cell receptor a (TCR-a) chain. These are referred to as type I or invariant NKT cells (iNKT cells). These cells, which are the main focus of the current review, are conserved between humans and mice. Detailed work in mouse models has implicated iNKT cells in many immunological processes, and related studies in humans suggest important roles in health and disease. By virtue of their ability to produce a variety of immunoregulatory cytokines and to acquire a broad spectrum of effector activities, iNKT cells may both induce or suppress immune reactions in healthy and pathologic settings. We review the role of iNKT cells in the induction of tolerance to solid organ and hematologic transplants and malignancies, as well as their importance in maintaining normal self-tolerance and involvement in autoimmune diseases.
Highly Efficient Hydrogen Storage System Based on Ammonium Bicarbonate/Formate Redox Equilibrium over Palladium Nanocatalysts (2015)

A highly efficient, reversible hydrogen storage-evolution process has been developed based on the ammonium bicarbonate/formate redox equilibrium over the same carbon-supported palladium nanocatalyst. This heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogen storage system is comparable to the counterpart homogeneous systems and has shown fast reaction kinetics of both the hydrogenation of ammonium bicarbonate and the dehydrogenation of ammonium formate under mild operating conditions. By adjusting temperature and pressure, the extent of hydrogen storage and evolution can be well controlled in the same catalytic system. Moreover, the hydrogen storage system based on aqueous-phase ammonium formate is advantageous owing to its high volumetric energy density.
Effects of Pinealectomy on Photoperiodic Control of Hair Follicle Activity in the Limousine Ram: Possible Relationships With Plasma Prolactin Levels (1986)

Twelve adult Limousine rams (five pinealectomized, four sham operated, and three control) were housed under an artificial lighting regime of alternating periods of long (16L:8D) and short (8L:16D) days for 18 months, and long-term variations in kemp follicle growth were recorded along with measurements of the plasma prolactin concentrations. In control and sham-operated rams, both parameters varied in relation to imposed lighting regime. Moult and growth of the kemp follicles occurred during each short-day period at a time when the concentrations of prolactin were low and vice versa. Variations in the pinealectomized rams were different from those in the control or sham-operated ones. There was no synchronous periodic kemp activity: some follicles remained active at all times, and the seasonal pattern of plasma prolactin levels disappeared. The relationship between the kemp follicle cycle and the pattern of plasma prolactin concentrations and its control by the pineal gland are discussed.
Characteristics of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Isolates That Produce Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases: Global Distribution of the <i>H</i> 30-Rx Sublineage (2014)

We designed a study to describe the characteristics of sequence type 131 (ST131) lineages, including the H30-Rx sublineage, among a global collection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from 9 countries collected from 2000 to 2011. A total of 240 nonrepeat isolates from Canada, the United States, Brazil, the Netherlands, France, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), India, South Africa, and New Zealand were included. Established PCR, sequencing, and typing methods were used to define ST131 lineages, H30 and H30-Rx phylogenetic groups, gyrA and parC mutations, virotypes, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants. The majority of the isolates produced CTX-M-15 with aac(6')-lb-cr, belonged to phylogenetic group B2, and were positive for the H30 lineage with the gyrA1AB and parC1aAB mutations. ST131 showed 15 distinct pulsotypes; 43% of the isolates belonged to four pulsotypes, with a global distribution. Seventy-five percent of the ST131 isolates belonged to H30-Rx; this sublineage was present in all the countries and was associated with multidrug resistance, blaCTX-M-15, aac(6')-lb-cr, and virotypes A and C. The H41 lineage was negative for the ST131 pabB allele-specific PCR. The multidrug-resistant H30-Rx sublineage poses an important public health threat due to its global distribution, association with virotype C, and high prevalence among ST131 isolates that produce CTX-M-15.
BENIGN LESIONS IN CARDIAC PORTIONS OF ESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH (1930)

The cardiac segments of the esophagus and stomach constitute a rather unsatisfactory field for roentgenologic diagnosis. Lesions encountered in this area are relatively fewer and, with certain exceptions, more difficult to demonstrate than those which affect the distal portion of the stomach or the duodenum. Neither the esophagus nor the upper part of the stomach is accessible to the manipulation which is of such valuable aid in examining other parts of the alimentary canal, and the technic employed as a routine for examination of the digestive tract must often be supplemented by special procedures to elicit signs of disease. Technical minutiae are irksome to the examiner, but unless he employs them and exercises punctilious care small lesions are likely to escape discovery. Benign lesions in this field comprise chiefly cicatricial strictures, cardiospasm, diverticula, nonmalignant new growths, ulcers and diaphragmatic hernias. Cicatricial stricture is commonly a result of drinking caustic liquids,
Semantic Annotation of GPS Trajectories (2008)

The analysis of mobile behavior is elementary for applications such as city planning, optimization of public transport or mobile communications. However, many applications in the mobility domain require a semantic interpretation of movement information. While physical trajectories can readily be recorded using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, the semantic interpretation of the data is still a great research challenge. However, GPS trajectories can be utilized to facilitate the manual semantic annotation process, and thus render tedious interviews and manual mobility records unnecessary. In order to realize this schema in practice, two requirements are necessary. First, a conceptual annotation model, and second a graphical user interface which takes advantage of the rich information hidden in physical trajectory data. In this paper, we introduce an extensible trajectory annotation model, which is oriented on the notion of episodes and allows a clear separation of semantic and physical trajectory information. We implemented our model and developed a program to support trajectory annotation independent of the recorded location. We present our program architecture and various features that facilitate the annotation process.
Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate (2002)

Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate is the aluminum salt of the reaction product of octenylsuccinic anhydride with starch. It is used in cosmetics at concentrations as high as 30% as an anticaking agent and a nonaqueous viscosity increasing agent. No information was available on the presence of impurities in the cosmetic-grade ingredient. When used in foods, Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate is identified as a modified food starch, and is subject to limitations on heavy metal residues. Oral studies using Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate or its related sodium salt produced no adverse systemic, reproductive, or developmental effects. Dermal injections produced no abnormal skin or systemic reactions in guinea pigs. Ocular toxicity was assessed in rabbits and using an in vitro test (chorioallantoic membrane vascular assay). In both cases no toxicity was seen. An acute inhalation toxicity study in rats was negative. Clinical tests indicated little irritation potential and no sensitization. Absent data on impurities in cosmetic-grade material, it was determined that such material should meet the same impurities requirements established for modified food starches. Based on these available data the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate is safe as used in cosmetic formulations provided that established limitations imposed on heavy metal concentrations are not exceeded.
Synthesis and SAR of a Library of Cell-Permeable Biotin-R8ERY* Peptidomimetics Inhibiting a4ß7 Integrin Mediated Adhesion of TK-1 Cells to MAdCAM-1-Fc (2012)

The a4ß7 integrin is a well-known target for the development of drugs against various inflammatory disease states including inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. The ß7 subunit contains the cell adhesion regulatory domain (CARD) motif YDRREY within its cytoplasmic domain, which is an effective peptide agent for inhibiting T-cell adhesion. The synthesis of a library of cell-permeable ß7 integrin inhibitors based on the shortened biotin-R8ERY (R8 = (l-arginine)8) motif is reported, wherein the tyrosine residue has been modified. The synthesised peptidomimetics were evaluated in a cell adhesion assay and shown to inhibit Mn2+-activated adhesion of mouse TK-1 T-cells to mouse MAdCAM-1. Several analogues exhibited improved activity to that of the tyrosine-containing lead compound 1 (biotin-R8ERY). Specifically, analogues 4, 10, and 22 bearing a 4-chloro, a 4-nitro, and a 3,3-diphenyl substituent showed an increase in activity of approximately two-fold compared with that of the initial lead compound. The six most active compounds of the tested series had IC50’s between 25 and 50 µM.
Intermittent Burst-Firing Weak (1 microTesla) Magnetic Fields Reduce Psychometric Depression in Patients Who Sustained Closed Head Injuries: A Replication and Electroencephalographic Validation (2003)

14 patients who reported chronic depression more than one year after closed head injuries were exposed to weak (1 microTesla), burst-firing magnetic fields either across the temporal lobes or over the left frontal lobe. The treatment was for 30 min. once per week for 6 wk. The reduction in depression scores after 5 wk. of treatments and after 6 wk. of no treatment (follow-up) accommodated 54% of the variance for both groups. The changes in depression scores did not differ significantly between the two groups (temporal vs frontal). Following treatment, the frequency of complex partial epileptic-like experiences decreased significantly only for the 7 who received the bilateral stimulation over the temporal lobes. Quantitative bipolar electroencephalographic measurements over the occipital, prefrontal, and temporal regions showed increased power within the 16-Hz to 18-Hz range 6 wk. after termination of treatment for those 7 patients who received the burst-firing magnetic fields bilaterally over the temporal lobes but not over the left prefrontal region.
Analyzing driver-pedestrian interaction at crosswalks: A contribution to autonomous driving in urban environments (2016)

In urban environments traffic safety is primarily determined by the successful interaction between road users. In order to define behavioral requirements for future autonomous vehicles, an understanding of these interactions is needed. Therefore this paper analyzes the interaction between drivers and pedestrians at crosswalks from both the driver's and the pedestrian's perspective. A study with driving experiments in real-life traffic was conducted. The study not only investigates how drivers respond to pedestrians who intend to use the crosswalk, but also their response to pedestrians who waive their right-of-way. An analysis of recorded driving and video data identified typical behavior patterns of drivers approaching a crosswalk, as well as of pedestrians crossing on it. Supplemented by questionnaires filled in by drivers and pedestrians, we determined factors which have a relevant impact on successful driver-pedestrian interaction. We confirmed that with higher initial speeds, drivers tend to exhibit more anticipatory driving behavior. Contrary to previous studies, the presented results show a significant influence of the vehicle's speed on the pedestrian's decision process. The gained insights into the driver-pedestrian interaction process provide an opportunity to develop autonomous driving functions with a cooperative driving behavior that conforms to the expectations of both pedestrians and vehicle occupants.
Bacillus stearothermophilus contains a plasmid-borne gene for alpha-amylase. (1983)

The gene for thermostable alpha-amylase from the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Each alpha-amylase-producing colony contained at least a 9.7-kilobase-pair (kb) chimeric plasmid composed of the vector pBR322 and a common 5.4-kb HindIII fragment of DNA. B. stearothermophilus contains four plasmids with sizes from 12 kb to over 108 kb. Restriction endonuclease analysis of these naturally occurring plasmids showed they also contain a 5.4-kb HindIII fragment of DNA. Cloning experiments with the four plasmids yielded alpha-amylase-producing E. coli that contained the same 9.7-kb chimeric plasmid. Restriction endonuclease analysis and further recombinant DNA experiments identified a 26-kb plasmid that contains the gene for alpha-amylase. A spontaneous mutant of B. stearothermophilus unable to produce alpha-amylase was missing the 26-kb plasmid but contained a 20-kb plasmid. A 6-kb deletion within the region of the 5.4-kb HindIII fragment yielded the 20-kb plasmid unable to code for alpha-amylase. A nick-translated probe for the alpha-amylase coding region did not hybridize to either plasmid or total cellular DNA from this mutant strain of B. stearothermophilus. These results demonstrate the gene for alpha-amylase is located exclusively on a 26-kb plasmid in B. stearothermophilus with no genetic counterpart present on the chromosome.
Timolol in the treatment of open angle glaucoma (1979)

Timolol maleate is the first β-adrenergic—blocking drug available in the United States for topical therapy in open angle glaucoma. It may be used alone for initial therapy in selected patients or with other antiglaucoma drugs in patients requiring additional control. It should be tried, before resorting to surgery, when traditional maximal medical therapy has failed or is not tolerated. Timolol has few local side effects, but since it is absorbed, it may produce systemic reactions similar to those induced by orally administered propranolol hydrochloride. Timolol appears to be an important advance in antiglaucoma therapy, although further experience is needed to determine whether its long-term usefulness will be limited by the development of tolerance or the appearance of unexpected side effects. (<i>JAMA</i>241:2301-2303, 1979)
Partition of closely related proteins in aqueous two-polymer phase systems. Human hemoglobin variants and hemoglobins from different species (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPartition of closely related proteins in aqueous two-polymer phase systems. Human hemoglobin variants and hemoglobins from different speciesHarry Walter and Shigeru SasakawaCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 1, 108–113Publication Date (Print):January 5, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 5 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00777a017https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00777a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kinetics of A Transient Iodine Disinfecting System for Hydrophilic Contact Lenses (1977)

Journal Article Kinetics of A Transient Iodine Disinfecting System for Hydrophilic Contact Lenses Get access J K Andrews, J K Andrews Smith & Nephew Research Ltd., Gilston Park, Harlow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G C F Ruder, G C F Ruder Smith & Nephew Research Ltd., Gilston Park, Harlow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M F Turner M F Turner Smith & Nephew Research Ltd., Gilston Park, Harlow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 29, Issue Supplement_1, December 1977, Page 65P, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1977.tb11533.x Published: 12 April 2011
Use of copper(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate in .beta.-lactam synthesis (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of copper(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate in .beta.-lactam synthesisNobuhide Miyachi, Fuyuko Kanda, and Masakatsu ShibasakiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 15, 3511–3513Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00276a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00276a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views358Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts