gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
XR-tree: indexing XML data for efficient structural joins (2004)

XML documents are typically queried with a combination of value search and structure search. While querying by values can leverage traditional database technologies, evaluating structural relationship, specifically parent-child or ancestor-descendant relationship, between XML element sets has imposed a great challenge on efficient XML query processing. We propose XR-tree, namely, XML region tree, which is a dynamic external memory index structure specially designed for strictly nested XML data. The unique feature of XR-tree is that, for a given element, all its ancestors (or descendants) in an element set indexed by an XR-tree can be identified with optimal worst case I/O cost. We then propose a new structural join algorithm that can evaluate the structural relationship between two XR-tree indexed element sets by effectively skipping ancestors and descendants that do not participate in the join. Our extensive performance study shows that the XR-tree based join algorithm significantly outperforms previous algorithms.
Visual scanpath representation (2010)

Eye tracking scanpaths contain information about how people see, but traditional tangled, overlapping scanpath representations provide little insight about scanning strategies. The present work describes and extends several compact visual scanpath representations that can provide additional insight about individual and aggregate/multiple scanning strategies. Three categories of representations are introduced: (1) Scaled traces are small images of scanpaths as connected saccades, allowing the comparison of relative fixation densities and distributions of saccades. (2) Time expansions, substituting ordinal position for either the scanpath's x or y-coordinates, can uncover otherwise subtle horizontal or vertical reversals in visual scanning. (3) Radial plots represent scanpaths as a set of radial arms about an origin, with each arm representing saccade counts or lengths within a binned set of absolute or relative angles. Radial plots can convey useful shape characteristics of scanpaths, and can provide a basis for new metrics. Nine different prototype scanning strategies were represented by these plots, then heuristics were developed to classify the major strategies. The heuristics were subsequently applied to real scanpath data, to identify strategy trends. Future work will further automate the identification of scanning strategies to provide researchers with a tool to uncover and diagnose scanning-related challenges.
Surface evolution during crystalline silicon film growth by low-temperature hot-wire chemical vapor deposition on silicon substrates (2006)

We investigate the low-temperature growth of crystalline thin silicon films: epitaxial, twinned, and polycrystalline, by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD). Using Raman spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy, we find the relationship between surface roughness evolution and (i) the substrate temperature $(230--350\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C})$ and (ii) the hydrogen dilution ratio $({\mathrm{H}}_{2}∕\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{H}}_{4}=0--480)$. The absolute silicon film thickness for fully crystalline films is found to be the most important parameter in determining surface roughness, hydrogen being the second most important. Higher hydrogen dilution increases the surface roughness as expected. However, surface roughness increases with increasing substrate-temperature, in contrast to previous studies of crystalline Si growth. We suggest that the temperature-dependent roughness evolution is due to the role of hydrogen during the HWCVD process, which in this high hydrogen dilution regime allows for epitaxial growth on the rms roughest films through a kinetic growth regime of shadow-dominated etch and desorption and redeposition of growth species.
Induction Motors Dynamic Eccentricity Fault Diagnosis Based on the Combined Use of WPD and EMD-Simulation Study (2018)

The frequency-domain analysis using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) for diagnosis of eccentricity fault has been widely used in squirrel-cage induction motor (IM). However, with the restriction of sampling frequency and time acquisition, FFT analysis could not provide ideal results under low levels of dynamic eccentricity (DE). In this paper, a combined use of the wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method is presented to diagnose the IM fault under low degrees of purely DE. The proposed method is based on the decomposition of apparent power signal and extracts the characteristic component. The fault severity factor (FSF) has been defined to evaluate the eccentricity severity. Simulation results using the finite element method (FEM) are tested to verify the effectiveness of the presented method under different load conditions.
Global Atmospheric Circulation Statistics, 1000-1 mb (1992)

This atlas presents atmospheric general circulation statistics derived from twelve years (1979-1990) of daily National Meteorological Center (NMC) operational geopotential height analyses; it is an update of prior atlas using data over 1979-1986. It consists of a concise climatology of dynamical quantities throughout the troposphere and stratosphere, as a climatology of planetary wave statistics, and to alert potential users to the availability of these data.
<title>Comprehensive detection of defects on reduction reticles</title> (1994)

As understanding of the effects of defects on reduction reticles advances, the desire for automatic detection of all classes of defects is created. The comprehensive detection of defects on reduction reticles is the ability to detect and classify defects that have not previously been associated with the defect inspection task. Test reticles have been fabricated with defects of these types and used to characterize inspection systems. Inspection characterization results show that a modified inspection system using simultaneous transmitted and reflected light inspection allows the detection of contamination on chrome and glass surfaces. Using an unmodified inspection system with standard defect detection algorithms, critical dimension errors due to e-beam lithography system butting errors were detected for errors smaller than 0.20 micrometers . Using an enhanced defect detection algorithm, transmission errors greater than -10% on contact geometry were detected.
Super-resolution total-variation decoding of JPEG-compressed image data (2007)

In a digital camera, its output image is sometimes corrupted by additive noise heavily and its noisy image is often compressed with the JPEG encoder. When the coding rate of the JPEG encoder is not high enough, in a JPEG-decoded image there appear noticeable artifacts such as the blocking, the ringing, and the false color artifacts. In the high ISOsensitivity case, even if the coding rate is very high, camera's noise will produce noticeably annoying artifacts in a JPEG-decoded image. This paper presents a restoration-type decoding approach that recovers a quality-improved image from the JPEG-compressed data, while not only suppressing the occurrence of the coding artifacts particular to the JPEG compression but also removing the camera's noise to some extent. This decoding approach is a kind of superresolution image-restoration approach based on the TV (Total Variation) regularization; to reduce the ringing artifacts near sharp edges it selectively restores the DCT coefficients truncated by the JPEG compression, whereas in an originally smooth image region it flattens unnecessary signal variations to eliminate the blocking artifacts and the camera's noise. Extending the standard ROF (Rudin-Osher-Fetami) framework of the TV image restoration, in this paper we construct the super-resolution approach to the JPEG decoding. By introducing the JPEG-compressed data into the fidelity term of the energy functional and adopting a nonlinear cost function constrained by the JPEG-compressed data softly, we define a new energy functional whose minimization gives the super-resolution JPEG decoding.
Stimulation of capillary tube polymorph migration: an indirect glucocorticoid effect on microtubular function. (1978)

Polymorph migration stimulator (PMS) is a peptide factor produced by an in vitro reaction between glucocorticoids and human mononuclear phagocytes. This study was undertaken to determine the significance of the stimulatory effect of PMS on the capillary tube migration of human polymorphs. Colchicine, vinblastine and Nocodazole, all of which inhibit microtubular assembly, are shown to stimulate migration. Conversely, deuterium oxide which stabilizes microtubules inhibits migration. Increased intracellular cyclic AMP is associated with microtubular inhibition and isoprenaline, theophylline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP are also found to stimulate capillary tube migration. These results suggest that PMS acts by inhibiting the assembly of polymorph microtubules, an effect which may be mediated by cyclic AMP in the same manner as other peptide hormones.
Formulation and characterization of nanoemulsion of olanzapine for intranasal delivery. (2010)

The objective was to formulate an olanzapine nanoemulsion that could potentially deliver the drug directly to the brain following intranasal administration. The nanoemulsions were prepared using the water titration method. The mucoadhesive character was imparted by the addition of 0.5%w/w chitosan and 0.5%w/w polycarbophil and was characterized for drug content, pH, percentage transmittance, globule size, zeta potential, and PDI. The composition (%w/w) of the optimized olanzapine nanoemulsion was capmul MCM, tween 80, and a mixture of 1:1 ratio of polyethylene glycol 400 and ethanol, and aqueous phase in a ratio of 15:35:17.5:32.5. The optimized olanzapine nanoemulsion exhibited a high diffusion coefficient and no nasal cilio-toxicity. The drug release followed the Higuchi model. The optimized nanoemulsions were found to be stable for 3 months.
Flexible Bit: A New Antivibration PDC-Bit Concept (1998)

Summary This paper introduces the novel concept of a flexible polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit and demonstrates its capability to reduce detrimental vibration often associated with drag bits. The tilt flexibility, introduced at the bit, decouples the dynamic motion of the bottomhole assembly (BHA) from that of the bit, thus providing a dynamically more stable bit. The paper describes the details of a prototype 8½-in. flexible bit design, laboratory experiments, and field tests, which verify the concept.
Nonlinear Polynomial Graph Filter for Anomalous IoT Sensor Detection and Localization (2020)

Detecting the existence of anomaly and localizing the faulty sensors in the Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems are extremely critical, since the incorrect data could lead to catastrophic consequences in many vertical industry applications. The difficulties of such problems come from deriving an explicit error function for each sensor in IoT, and the data continuity in the temporal domain would also be seriously challenged. To overcome these difficulties, the irregular spatial information of the IoT sensors is utilized by constructing an adjacency matrix using the distances among different sensors, and the nonlinear polynomial graph filter (NPGF) is employed to characterize the relationships among the collected sensor data. The NPGF provides a more accurate model for reconstructing the sensor data by taking the data nonlinear relationships into account. The error functions at each sensor for newly detection data are theoretically derived, and it is demonstrated that the error at the anomalous sensor performs differently from that of the normal sensors if the adjacency matrix is designed appropriately. The proposed NPGF-based algorithm is illustrated and validated with a real-world data set for temperature monitoring. The simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of our scheme in both anomaly detection and faulty sensor localization when compared with existing algorithms, such as the graph frequency algorithm and oversampling PCA (OS-PCA) method, especially for the case of small sensor data deviations.
Investigation of scattered radiation in 3D whole-body positron emission tomography using Monte Carlo simulations (1999)

The correction of scattered radiation is one of the most challenging tasks in 3D positron emission tomography (PET) and knowledge about the amount of scatter and its distribution is a prerequisite for performing an accurate correction. One concern in 3D PET in contrast to 2D PET is the scatter contribution from activity outside the field-of-view (FOV) and multiple scatter. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we examined the scatter distribution for various phantoms. The simulations were performed for a whole-body PET system (ECAT EXACT HR+, Siemens/CTI) with an axial FOV of 15.5 cm and a ring diameter of 82.7 cm. With (without) interplane septa, up to one (two) out of three detected events are scattered (for a centred point source in a water-filled cylinder that nearly fills out the patient port), whereby the relative scatter fraction varies significantly with the axial position. Our results show that for an accurate scatter correction, activity as well as scattering media outside the FOV have to be taken into account. Furthermore it could be shown that there is a considerable amount of multiple scatter which has a different spatial distribution from single scatter. This means that multiple scatter cannot be corrected by simply rescaling the single scatter component.
A generic approach of static analysis for detecting runtime errors in Java programs (2003)

This paper presents a generic approach to statically analyze Java programs in order to detect potential errors (bugs). We discuss a framework that supports our approach and carries out the static analysis of Java code automatically. Our approach can detect potential bugs and report them before the program is executed. For a Java class, invariants related to the category of error under examination are automatically generated and used to assess the validity of variable usage in the implementation of this class. Our approach is distinctive in its emphasis to provide a practical generic mechanism for error detection that is capable of addressing error detection for a variety of error categories via a web of specialized components. A research prototype has been developed that demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach.
Thyroid carcinoma occurring in Graves' disease. (1966)

THYROID carcinoma occurring with Graves' disease has been rarely reported and is not commonly considered in persons with hyperthyroidism. However, on the basis of statistical studies, it has been suggested that there is a greater incidence of thyroid carcinoma in hyperthyroid than in euthyroid states. 1 Since 131 I and antithyroid drugs are common means of treating hyperthyroidism, it is possible that cases of carcinoma occurring in hyperthyroid persons are going undetected, and consequently, untreated. Report of a Case A 21-year-old male Negro was first seen because of exophthalmos of three to four months' duration. Symptoms of weight loss despite a good appetite, fatigue, and mild nervousness were elicited. There was no past history of radiation exposure to the neck area and no family history of thyroid disorder. Physical examination revealed a well-nourished man, 6 ft 1 in (185.5 cm) tall, weight 186 lb, pulse rate 100 per minute. The
The Rev. James Scott (1965)

The Rev. James Scott Get access S. Y. R. S. Y. R. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s3-VII, Issue 168, 18 March 1865, Pages 223, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-VII.168.223-c Published: 18 March 1965
The November Leonids, 1896 (1896)

Search Bar to Enter New Query quick field: Author First Author Abstract Year Fulltext Select a field or operator abstract abstract only acknowledgements affiliation arXiv category author count author bibcode bibliographic group bib abbrev, e.g. ApJ body of article data archive collection citation count doctype doi entdate first author fulltext identifier inst keyword object orcid page property publication full name date published title volume year citations() pos() references() reviews() similar() topn() trending() useful() single wildcard: ? wildcard: * exact match: = All Search Terms Your search returned 0 results Your search returned 0 results
Nucleotide sequence and gene-polypeptide relationships of the glpABC operon encoding the anaerobic sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli K-12 (1988)

The nucleotide sequence of a 4.8-kilobase SacII-PstI fragment encoding the anaerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase operon of Escherichia coli has been determined. The operon consists of three open reading frames, glpABC, encoding polypeptides of molecular weight 62,000, 43,000, and 44,000, respectively. The 62,000- and 43,000-dalton subunits corresponded to the catalytic GlpAB dimer. The larger GlpA subunit contained a putative flavin adenine dinucleotide-binding site, and the smaller GlpB subunit contained a possible flavin mononucleotide-binding domain. The GlpC subunit contained two cysteine clusters typical of iron-sulfur-binding domains. This subunit was tightly associated with the envelope fraction and may function as the membrane anchor for the GlpAB dimer. Analysis of the GlpC primary structure indicated that the protein lacked extended hydrophobic sequences with the potential to form alpha-helices but did contain several long segments capable of forming transmembrane amphipathic helices.
Transcriptional Regulation of the 5′ Proximal Promoter of the Human Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Gene (1998)

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a primary antioxidant enzyme critical for maintaining normal cell function and for survival. Previously, we cloned the entire MnSOD gene, including a 0.782-kb 5' DNA sequence, from a human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line. Sequence analysis indicates that the promoter of the human MnSOD gene is TATA-less and CAAT-less, and the DNA sequence immediately upstream from the transcription start site is GC rich. To study the function and regulation of the human MnSOD promoter, we cloned a 257-bp sequence (P7) containing the transcription start site and the 5' GC-rich region. Consensus analysis and DNase I footprinting assay indicated that P7 contains multiple Sp1- and AP-2-binding sites. Deletions of the P7 sequence diminished the promoter activity and decreased the response to Sp1 protein. The first three Sp1 consensus sites were required for high promoter activity in mammalian cells and enhanced promoter activity in Drosophila Schneider Line 2 (SL2) cells. In the SL2 cells, Sp1 activated the P7 activity in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, cotransfections with AP-2 expression vector marginally increased P7 activities in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. The results suggest that Sp1 is an important regulator for the transcriptional activities of P7, whereas AP-2 is a minor activator for P7 and competes with Sp1 for binding sites which may downregulate P7 function.
Über tert.‐Butylpyrrole (1970)

Abstract Mit tert.‐Butyl‐acetat und Mineralsäure können Pyrrole, die negative Substituenten tragen, butyliert werden.
Chapter 11. The CYP3 Family (2008)

The CYP3A enzymes are of major importance in human biology and clinical therapeutics.1,2 They are the most of abundant of the CYP enzymes in the liver,3 and are the only CYPs present in substantive amounts in the enteric mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Substrate specificity is broad; CYP3A med...
Enterovirus 71 from Fatal and Nonfatal Cases of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Epidemics in Malaysia, Japan and Taiwan in 1997-1998 (1999)

Enterovirus 71 (EV71), one of the major causative agents for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), is sometimes associated with severe central nervous system diseases. In 1997, in Malaysia and Japan, and in 1998 in Taiwan, there were HFMD epidemics involving sudden deaths among young children, and EV71 was isolated from the HFMD patients, including the fatal cases. The nucleotide sequences of each EV71 isolate were determined and compared by phylogenetical analysis. EV71 strains from previously reported epidemics belonged to genotype A-1, while those from recent epidemics could be divided into two genotypes, A-2 and B. In Malaysia, genotype A-2 was more prevalent, while in Japan and Taiwan, B genotype was more prevalent. Two isolates from fatal cases in Malaysia and one isolate from a fatal case in Japan were genotype A-2. However, all isolates from three fatal cases in Taiwan belonged to genotype B. The severity of the HFMD did not link directly to certain genotypes of EV71.
Maximum Entropy Acquisition Design and Optimal Interpolation (2013)

Acquisition design plays a very significant role in seismic data processing and imaging. An optimized seismic acquisition design requires less resources and therefore, it can reduce the total cost of seismic exploration. Non-linear optimization methods can be used to deduce the posi-tion of sources and receivers that can lead to an optimal grid. By optimal grid, we understand a feasible distribution of sources and receivers that is amenable of reconstruction via known wave-field restoration methods. For this purpose, we propose to maximize the entropy of the sampling function of the grid subject to acquisition constraints. Maximum entropy grids produce sampling functions that can be easily reconstructed by existing interpolators. The design of source-receiver patterns that lead to maximum entropy mid-point offset grids is a non-linear optimization problem that we would like to explore.
Three Phases of CD8 T Cell Response in the Lung Following H1N1 Influenza Infection and Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Agonist Therapy (2013)

Influenza-induced lung edema and inflammation are exacerbated by a positive feedback loop of cytokine and chemokine production termed a 'cytokine storm', a hallmark of increased influenza-related morbidity and mortality. Upon infection, an immune response is rapidly initiated in the lungs and draining lymph node, leading to expansion of virus-specific effector cells. Using two-photon microscopy, we imaged the dynamics of dendritic cells (DC) and virus-specific eGFP(+)CD8(+) T cells in the lungs and draining mediastinal lymph nodes during the first two weeks following influenza infection. Three distinct phases of T cell and CD11c(+) DC behavior were revealed: 1) Priming, facilitated by the arrival of lung DCs in the lymph node and characterized by antigen recognition and expansion of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells; asymmetric T cell division in contact with DCs was frequently observed. 2) Clearance, during which DCs re-populate the lung and T cells leave the draining lymph node and re-enter the lung tissue where enlarged, motile T cells come into contact with DCs and form long-lived interactions. 3) Maintenance, characterized by T-cell scanning of the lung tissue and dissociation from local antigen presenting cells; the T cells spend less time in association with DCs and migrate rapidly on collagen. A single dose of a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, AAL-R, sufficient to suppress influenza-induced cytokine-storm, altered T cell and DC behavior during influenza clearance, delaying T cell division, cellular infiltration in the lung, and suppressing T-DC interactions in the lung. Our results provide a detailed description of T cell and DC choreography and dynamics in the lymph node and the lung during influenza infection. In addition, we suggest that phase lags in T cell and DC dynamics induced by targeting S1P receptors in vivo may attenuate the intensity of the immune response and can be manipulated for therapeutic benefit.