gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 14-b 150 MS/s CMOS DAC with Digital Background Calibration (2006)

A 14-b 150MS/s current-steering DAC with background calibration technique is demonstrated. Digital background calibration loop trims the static performance less than plusmn 0.55 LSB. The DAC achieves the spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of 81dB at 1.6MHz and 67dB at 48.75MHz for sampling rate of 150MS/s. The DAC is implemented in a 0.35 mum CMOS process and active area is a 2.4times1.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>
Optimization of Forming Process Parameters for Transmission Belt Based on Response Surface Method (2017)

The elastic component transmission belt was taken as research object, and forming process parameters was optimized based on response surface method and DYNAFORM. The method of central composite design was used to select process parameters of numerical simulation, the response value of forming height for transmission belt was obtained by numerical simulation, and the second-order response surface model was established to reflect the relationship between process parameters and forming height by the least square method. Process parameters of die clearance, bending angle and stamping speed are taken as design variables, forming height was taken as optimization objective, and Design Expert v8.0.5 was applied to optimize the second-order response surface model. The best combination of process parameters is acquired that bending angle is 150°, die clearance is 1.02t, stamping speed is 3004 mm·s-1 and the response value of forming height is 5.69 mm. Progressive die is used to verify response value, the experimental value is 5.61 mm, and the relative error between experimental value and response value is 1.43%. The relative error proves the accuracy of the response surface method applied in the optimization of forming process parameters of transmission belt.
The efficacy and safety of low-dose diclofenac sodium 0.1% gel for the symptomatic relief of pain and erythema associated with superficial natural sunburn. (2004)

A randomised, double-blind, single-centre, vehicle-controlled clinical trial was conducted to assess the efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac-Na 0.1% gel in 172 subjects suffering from acute first-degree natural sunburn. Overall 172 subjects with skin phototypes II-IV were randomised in a ratio of 2:1 to receive two applications of either diclofenac-Na 0.1% Emulgel gel or its vehicle Emulgel gel, 6 and 10 hours after the end of sun exposure. Subjects were drawn from a target population of healthy volunteers and well outdoor sunbathers with normal tolerance to ultraviolet light and the sun. Previously untanned areas were exposed to carefully determined standardised doses of sun (2.8 individual minimal erythema doses) on 15% body surface area to induce first-degree sunburn. After administration of diclofenac-Na 0.1% gel, subjects reported a significant reduction in spontaneous pain intensity compared with those on vehicle. Pain relief was rapid with a reduction in erythema, which was apparent within the first few hours after the first application of the trial medication with a maximum effect observed up to 30 hours after sun exposure. A good', very good', or excellent' cooling effect was recorded by 85% of subjects after treatment. Reported treatment-emergent adverse effects were infrequent, generally mild and none were considered to be related to the trial medication. Only one severe treatment emergent adverse event (abdominal pain) was recorded in the active group, and another (burning sensation) with vehicle.
Magnetic Properties Hard-Soft SmCo&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;-FeNi and SmCo&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;-FeCo Composites Prepared by Electroless Coating Technique (2012)

Composites of SmCo5-FeNi and SmCo5-FeCo, hard-soft magnetic materials, have been synthesized via electroless plating of magnetically hard SmCo5 powder particles with magnetically soft FeNi and FeCo, respectively. The influence of coating thickness of soft magnetic layers on the structure and magnetic properties of the composite has been studied. Overall FeNi coating was found to be less dense compared to FeCo for the same plating duration. Structurally the coat ing was found to be nodular in morphology. These coating have dramatic effect on the overall magnetic property of the composite. As compared to FeNi coated SmCo5 composite, two-fold increase in the saturation magnetization has been observed upon coating SmCo5 (Ms~28 emu/g) with FeCo to a value 56 emu/g. The coercivity of composite powder was found to decrease with increasing the coating layer thickness. The absence of exchange spring behavior in the hard-soft composite is attributed to magnetically soft layer thickness exceeding the theoretical length limit for exchange-spring coupling.
A Distortion-Free Amplifier (1940)

Distortion in tube amplifiers may be eliminated by using an auxiliary amplifier in which a fraction of the main-amplifier input voltage combined with a fraction of the distorted main-amplifier output voltage produces a correcting component which, combined with the total output, restores this to the same shape as the input.
Catheter lock solutions: it's time for a change (2006)

In recent years, the number of patients on hemodialysis (HD) with central vascular catheters (CVCs) has grown. However, CVC use is often associated with an important risk for catheter related bloodstream infections (CR-BI) and inadequate dialysis due to flow problems. In this study, we reviewed alternative solutions to heparin for locking HD CVCs. Several experiences have demonstrated that trisodium citrate (TSC) (30-47%), citrate (4%) and taurolidine (1.35%) solutions are effective and safe for the prevention of CRBI, while heparin stimulates biofilm formation. High citrate (47%) concentrations can also provide significant advantages in reducing catheter clotting, but controlled studies with larger populations are necessary to confirm and to extend the use of such solutions in clinical practice. Side effects with high sodium citrate concentrations have been reported only immediately after locking, the symptoms are probably caused by a temporary drop in ionized calcium and magnesium, but it is evident that these solutions should only be used by skilled and authorized personnel, with a rigorous protocol.
Formation of ohmic contacts to n-GaAs via heterojunction by using indium and gold (2003)

Ohmic contacts with contact resistivity of the order of M Omega -cm/sup 2/, have been successfully fabricated by deposition of a thin film of gold and indium on a clean GaAs surface followed by annealing. An annealing temperature as low as 280 degrees C can be used to achieve this result. Increasing the annealing temperature to 350 degrees C reduces the required annealing time to only 12 seconds.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Valuation and design of pharmaceutical R&D licensing deals (2004)

Abstract In today's intensely competitive business environment, pharmaceutical companies are augmenting their product pipelines by both developing drugs on their own and in‐licensing proprietary compounds or drug discovery–related technologies from smaller biotechnology companies. In this work, the OptFolio model of pharmaceutical R&D portfolio management is extended to evaluate partnership opportunities as real options and determine the optimal timing and investment policy for proposed alliances in the face of technological and market uncertainties and budgetary restrictions. Licensing deals are modeled within a decision tree as a series of continuation/abandonment options for the pharmaceutical company, deciding at each stage of R&D whether to make a predetermined milestone payment to continue the alliance or terminate the alliance because of unfavorable market conditions and/or internal resource limitations. Results indicate that early stage alliances become more valuable as market uncertainty and the ability of pharmaceutical companies to enhance the value of the licensed drug increase because of the ability to control downside risk by the abandonment option. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 198–209, 2005
Residue arithmetic VLSI array architecture for manipulator pseudo-inverse Jacobian computation (1989)

The authors present the design of a two-level macro-pipelined VLSI array architecture for the real-time computation of the exact solution of the manipulator pseudo-inverse Jacobian using the Decell algorithm in the residue arithmetic system. The first-level arrays are asynchronous data-driven, wave-front-like arrays and perform matrix multiplication, matrix diagonal addition, and trace computations in the Decel algorithm. A pool of the first-level arrays is then configured into a second-level macro-pipeline with outputs of one array acting as inputs to another array in the pipe. The pipelined time of the proposed two-level pipelined array architecture has a computational order of 0(n+2p-1), which is the same computational complexity order as that of the evaluation of a matrix product in an ordinary wavefront array. For a 12 degree-of-freedom redundant robot, a pipelined time of 6.975 mu s is achievable with current VLSI custom design technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adsorption of Li, Na, K, and Mg Atoms on Amorphous and Crystalline Silica Bilayers on Ru(0001): A DFT Study (2014)

The interaction of Li, Na, K, and Mg atoms with crystalline and amorphous silica bilayers grown on Ru(0001) supports has been studied by performing DFT calculations. (Si4O6H4)n clusters have been chosen to represent different ring sizes (n = 4–8) of amorphous silica bilayers. We found that, on unsupported silica films, the alkali metal atoms adsorb as neutral entities with weak adsorption energies, whereas the diffusion into the cage is not thermodynamically favorable. Interaction of Na with Al-doped silica cages has also been investigated. The presence of this Al dopant enhances the strength of the metal–framework interaction, changing completely the bonding mechanism that is dominated by charge transfer contributions. Na and Mg interacting with a crystalline silica bilayer on a 3O(2 × 2)/Ru(0001) surface adsorb preferentially at the interface between the support and the silica film with high adsorption energies and transfer their valence electrons to the Ru metal.
Serverless Computing: A Survey of Opportunities, Challenges and Applications (2020)

The topic of serverless computing has proved to be a controversial subject both within academic and industrial communities. Many have praised the approach to be a platform for a new era of computing and some have argued that it is in fact a step backward. Though, both sides agree that there exist challenges that must be addressed in order to better utilize its potentials. This paper surveys existing challenges toward vast adoption of serverless services and also explores some of the challenges that have not been thoroughly discussed in the previous studies. Each challenge is discussed thoroughly and a number of possible directions for future studies is proposed. Moreover, the paper reviews some of the unique opportunities and potentials that the serverless computing presents.
Quinolizidines. XXII. An extension of the "3-acetylpyridine route" to the syntheses of 9-hydroxy-10-methoxy- and 10-hydroxy-9-methoxybenzo[a]quinolizidine-type Alangium alkaloids. (1987)

Alternative syntheses of the Alangium alkaloids bearing the 9-hydroxy-10-methoxy- and 10-hydroxy-9-methoxybenzo [a] quinolizidine skeletons (types 3 and 4) have now become feasible through generally applicable routes starting from 3-acetylpyridine. The routes include the mercuric acetate-edetic acid oxidation of the 3-acetylpyridine derivatives 8a, b or the alkaline ferricyanide oxidation of the quaternary salts (29a, b and 30a) of 3-acetylpyridine equivalents, Wolff-Kishner reduction of the acetyl group or reductive desulfurization of the thioketal group, sulfenylation dehydrosulfenylation of the lactams 15a, b, Michael reaction of the α, β-unsaturated lactams 18a, b, and hydrolysis, decarboxylation, and esterification of the Michael adducts to give 21a, b, as the main operations.
The kynurenine pathway and quinolinic acid: pivotal roles in HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (2012)

This brief review will first consider HIV associated neurocognitive disorder followed by the current understanding of its neuropathogenesis. Against this background the role of the kynurenine pathway will be detailed. Evidence both direct and indirect will be discussed for involvement of the kynurenine pathway at each step in the neuropathogenesis of HIV associated neurocognitive disorder.
On the hardness of approximating minimization problems (1993)

We prove results indicating that it is hard to compute efficiently good approximate solutions to the Graph Coloring, Set Covering and other related minimization problems. Specifically, there is an c >0 such that Graph Coloring cannot be approximated with ratio n' unless P=NP. Set Covering cannot be approximated with ratio clog n for any c < 1/4 unless NP is contained in DTIME[nPOIY log ~]. Similar results follow for related problems such as Clique Cover, Fractional Chromatic Number, Dominating Set and others. 1 '"g n ) = DTIME(nPOIY '"g').
The Effects of University TAEKWONDO Demonstration Team’s Self-Management on Exercise Commitment and Perceived Performance (2020)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-management of college taekwondo demonstration team members and their exercise commitment and perceived athletic performance. This study is highly anticipated to provide fundamental data to enable psychological understanding of the exercise commitment found among college Taekwondo demonstration team members in a competition and improving performance through the positive role of self-management. Method: The population of college Taekwondo demonstration team members nationwide was selected as the subject of the study. 600 copies were collected using the convenience sampling method and 555 of the collected copies, excluding those with inconsistent or unfaithful responses, were used for the analysis. Frequency analysis was performed to examine the general characteristics of the research subject, and exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach α coefficient, or an internal consistency test, were used to verify the validity and reliability of the research tool. In addition, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to investigate the relationship among the variables of self-management, exercise commitment, and perceived performance with a significance level set to .05. Results: As a result of verifying each of the factors of self-management, exercise commitment, and perceived performance of Taekwondo demonstration team members through the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that all variables have a statistically significant correlation. The lowest correlation was found in body management and perceived performance(r=.213), whereas the highest correlation was found in cognitive commitment and behavioral commitment(r=.730). Conclusion: First, interpersonal management, training management, and mental management among the self-management factors of college Taekwondo demonstration team members were found to have a statistically significant effect on exercise commitment, though body management showed no statistically significant effect. Second, training management and mental management among the self-management factors of college Taekwondo demonstration team members were found to have a statistically significant effect on perceived performance, whereas no statistically significant effect was found from body management and interpersonal management. Third, among the factors of exercise commitment of college Taekwondo Demonstration team members across the nation, cognitive commitment was observed to have a statistically significant effect on perceived performance, whereas behavioral commitment showed no statistically significant effect.
Molecular characterization of Br-cadherin, a developmentally regulated, brain-specific cadherin (1997)

Cadherins are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in cell adhesion and in morphogenesis. Several of the cadherins are expressed in the nervous system, but none is neuron-specific. We characterize a new member of the cadherin family, Br-cadherin, which is present exclusively in the central nervous system. Although the Br-cadherin protein is confined to the central nervous system, its mRNA is present in several additional tissues, suggesting that there is posttranscriptional control of this gene's expression. Within the central nervous system, Br-cadherin appears to be expressed specifically by neurons. In the mouse, its expression becomes detectable during the first postnatal week, which corresponds temporally to the onset of synaptogenesis and dendrite outgrowth in the brain. This pattern of expression is consistent with a role for Br-cadherin in neuronal development, perhaps specifically with synaptogenesis.
Acoustic vector-sensor processing in the presence of a reflecting boundary (2000)

We consider the passive direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem using arrays of acoustic vector sensors located in a fluid at or near a reflecting boundary. We formulate a general measurement model applicable to any planar surface, derive an expression for the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on the azimuth and elevation of a single source, and obtain a bound on the mean-square angular error (MSAE). We then examine two applications of great practical interest: hull-mounted and seabed arrays. For the former, we use three models for the hull: an ideal rigid surface for high frequency, an ideal pressure-release surface for low frequency, and a more complex, realistic layered model. For the seabed scenario, we model the ocean floor as an absorptive liquid layer. For each application, we use the CRB, MSAE bound, and beam patterns to quantify the advantages of using velocity and/or vector sensors instead of pressure sensors. For the hull-mounted application, we show that normal component velocity sensors overcome the well-known, low-frequency problem of small pressure signals without the need for an undesirable "stand-off" distance. For the seabed scenario, we also derive a fast wideband estimator of the source location using a single vector sensor.
The role of the gut microbiota on animal model reproducibility (2018)

The gut microbiota is composed of approximately 10<sup>10</sup>-10<sup>14</sup> cells, including fungi, bacteria, archaea, protozoa, viruses, and bacteriophages; their genes and their various metabolites were found throughout the gastrointestinal tract. It has co-evolved with each species to assist with day to day bodily functions, such as digestion, metabolism of xenobiotics, development of mucosal immunity and immunomodulation, and protection against invading pathogens. Because of the significant beneficial impact that gut microbiota may have, there is interest in learning more about it and translating these findings into clinical therapies. Results from recent studies characterizing the gut microbiota of various species have demonstrated the range of influences that may affect gut microbiota diversity, including animal strain, obesity, types of enrichment used, bedding and housing methods, treatment with antimicrobials, vendor source, specific animal housing, diet, and intercurrent disease. Relatively little is known about the functional consequences of alterations of the gut microbiota and exactly how changes in richness and diversity of the microbiota translate into changes in health and susceptibility to disease. Furthermore, questions have been raised as to whether germ-free or even ultraclean, barrier-raised mice are relevant models of human disease, given their significantly reduced gut microbiota diversity and complexity compared with conventionally housed mice. In addition, evidence suggests that the specific anatomical location selected for assessing the gut microbiota has a highly significant effect on study outcomes, in that bacterial phyla change significantly along the gastrointestinal tract. This paper will explore animal model reproducibility in light of this information about the gut microbiota.
Auditory Representations As Landmarks In The Sound Design Space (2009)

(Abstract to follow)
Fuzzy Logic Clustering of Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem for Self-Crossover Based Genetic Algorithm (2012)

In this effort, a heuristic method in the form of a fuzzy logic system (FLS) was implanted within the Self-CROssover GEnetic algorithm (SCROOGE) in order to improve performance for the multiple traveling salesman problem (MTSP). This FLS is part of the “UNburdening through CLustering Efficiently” (UNCLE) system. UNCLE SCROOGE takes a MTSP, breaks it down into individual different TSP problems with optimized clusters, and then produces accurate results within a much more reasonable timeframe.
Insulin receptors prepared with iodoacetamide show enhanced autophosphorylation and receptor kinase activity. (1991)

In this study, we found that adding iodoacetamide to the homogenization buffer used in the preparation of mouse or rat liver plasma membranes resulted in an increase of insulin receptor autophosphorylation by 4-5-fold and receptor kinase activity by about 2-fold. Similar effects were obtained with iodoacetate and p-chloromercuriphenyl sulfonate. The effect of iodoacetamide was minimal when it was added to membranes prepared without the thiol reagent. The enhancing effect of iodoacetamide on insulin receptor autophosphorylation was the result of a more than 2-fold decrease in the Km and a more than 3-fold increase in Vmax for ATP. The presence of iodoacetamide in the preparation of plasma membranes also greatly increased the solubilization of the insulin receptor from the plasma membrane by Triton X-100. We propose that iodoacetamide acts to alkylate some unknown thiols released during tissue homogenization and that in its absence these thiols formed mixed disulfides with the insulin receptor, thus adversely affecting the process of receptor activation by insulin.