gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neophyl-like rearrangement of alkoxy radicals: direct detection of a bridged intermediate by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeophyl-like rearrangement of alkoxy radicals: direct detection of a bridged intermediate by time-resolved absorption spectroscopyDaniel E. Falvey, Binaifer S. Khambatta, and Gary B. SchusterCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 3, 1056–1059Publication Date (Print):February 8, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 8 February 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/j100366a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (548 KB) Get e-Alerts
Biologic Activity of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Man<sup>1</sup> (1972)

The biologic activity of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) has been studied in 5 hypogonadal males, ages 15–35, and a 3-month-old female with 21 trisomy syndrome. DHAS, 100 mg daily, was administered orally for 27–48 days to the male subjects and 25 mg daily to the infant. Sebum production, measured before and on the final days of DHAS, was used as a measure of androgenic activity. It was low initially and increased significantly during therapy in all but one of the male subjects. Sebum production also increased in the female infant. Serial vaginal smears showed maturation of the vaginal epithelium typical of estrogen effect. Regression to an atrophic state occurred after cessation of therapy. Neither nitrogen retention nor an increase in urinary hydroxyproline excretion was documented in 2 patients maintained on metabolic balance. Plasma concentrations of DHAS and testosterone (T) were low in all hypogonadal males; unconjugated DHA was low in 2 patients. During therapy, DHA and T remained unchanged while DHAS increased 2- to 5-fold in 3 of the 5 patients. This study demonstrates that administration of DHAS may produce androgenic as well as estrogenic effects and is the first evidence for the steroid's biologic potential in man.
Transforming growth factor-beta induces growth inhibition and IGF-binding protein-3 production in prostatic stromal cells: abnormalities in cells cultured from benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues (2000)

The IGF axis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) via the paracrine action of IGFs and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). In this study, we examined the regulation of cell growth and IGFBP-3 secretion by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in prostatic stromal cell (PC-S) cultures from histologically normal tissues and tissues from BPH. PC-S cultures were treated with varying doses of TGF-beta1. Forty-eight hour conditioned media (CM) from these cultures were subjected to Western immunoblotting and ligand blotting for detection and quantification of IGFBPs. IGFBPs-2, -3 and -4 were detected in the CM from normal PC-S cultures. In CM from BPH PC-S, IGFBP-3 levels were 2-fold lower at baseline than in the normal PC-S CM, in addition to the differences in IGFBPs-2 and -5 which we have previously reported. In response to TGF-beta1, a 15-fold increase in the levels of IGFBP-3 was observed in normal PC-S CM, while a mere 2-fold increase was observed in BPH PC-S CM (P<0.001). These findings were confirmed by specific immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. IGFBP-3 mRNA levels detected by Northern blotting of total RNA extracted from similar cultures showed the induction of IGFBP-3 expression by TGF-beta1 in normal PC-S and its lack of induction in BPH PC-S. Cell growth inhibition in response to TGF-beta1 correlated with the IGFBP-3 concentrations found in CM. Normal PC-S showed a 60% decrease in cell number after 10 days in media with 1 ng/ml TGF-beta1, compared with the untreated control. The decrease in proliferation observed in comparably treated BPH cells was only 20% (P<0.001). In conclusion, BPH PC-S had a reduced IGFBP-3 response to TGF-beta1 and demonstrated decreased TGF-beta1-induced growth inhibition relative to normal PC-S. We hypothesize that in normal PC-S, TGF-beta exerts its anti-proliferative effects by stimulating the production of IGFBP-3, which acts as an inhibitory factor, either by inhibiting IGFs or directly by interacting with cells, and that this process is altered in BPH PC-S.
Antiferromagnetic thickness dependence of exchange biasing (2000)

A theory for a ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic (FM/AF) exchange coupled bilayer of finite thickness is presented. Calculations based on this theory describe the reversible and irreversible transitions of the magnetic moments in this FM/AF system. A description of the exchange bias effect is offered that explains the observed phenomena of enhanced coercivity and rotational hysteresis. The theory also explains the AF thickness dependence of the exchange field and the coercivity.
Measurement of Serum DNA-Binding Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (1969)

Antibodies to DNA were demonstrated in the serums of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by ammonium sulfate precipitation. DNA is soluble in 50 per cent saturated ammonium sulfate, whereas immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin-bound DNA are insoluble. When ammonium sulfate is added to a mixture of radioactive DNA and serum, the precipitate contains radioactivity if DNA is bound to immunoglobulins. Abnormal binding was found in serum of 75 per cent of unselected patients with SLE, 25 per cent with Sjögren's syndrome, 5 per cent with related disease and 2 per cent of normal subjects. All of 52 selected SLE serums with positive, as well as 21 of 32 SLE serums with negative, complement-fixation tests for anti-DNA antibodies had abnormal binding. Binding activity was associated with immunoglobulin G of serum. High binding values were seen chiefly in patients with active SLE renal disease; marked reductions accompanied clinical improvement. The test overcomes problems inherent in other methods to detect anti-DNA antibodies, is easy to perform and is useful in the diagnosis and assessment of the course of SLE.
Collecting address traces from parallel computers (2002)

Trace driven simulation is a well-established method of performance analysis for single processor computer systems. However, efficient and accurate memory address tracing for parallel computer systems is not well understood. The authors present a critical survey of recently implemented approaches to address tracing and highlight the issues specific to collection of traces for both shared and distributed memory parallel computers. These issues include potential distortion of the relative ordering of events by the address tracing activity, realistic interleaving of addresses generated by multiple processors, and I/O and storage problems associated with collecting traces for large parallel systems. The strengths and weaknesses of the parallel tracing approaches are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Gene Cluster Involved in Metal Homeostasis in the Cyanobacterium <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. Strain PCC 6803 (2000)

A gene cluster composed of nine open reading frames (ORFs) involved in Ni(2+), Co(2+), and Zn(2+) sensing and tolerance in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 has been identified. The cluster includes an Ni(2+) response operon and a Co(2+) response system, as well as a Zn(2+) response system previously described. Expression of the Ni(2+) response operon (nrs) was induced in the presence of Ni(2+) and Co(2+). Reduced Ni(2+) tolerance was observed following disruption of two ORFs of the operon (nrsA and nrsD). We also show that the nrsD gene encodes a putative Ni(2+) permease whose carboxy-terminal region is a metal binding domain. The Co(2+) response system is composed of two divergently transcribed genes, corR and corT, mutants of which showed decreased Co(2+) tolerance. Additionally, corR mutants showed an absence of Co(2+)-dependent induction of corT, indicating that CorR is a transcriptional activator of corT. To our knowledge, CorR is the first Co(2+)-sensing transcription factor described. Our data suggest that this region of the Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 genome is involved in sensing and homeostasis of Ni(2+), Co(2+), and Zn(2+).
A Central Role of RLIP76 in Regulation of Glycemic Control (2009)

The GS-E conjugate transport activity of RLIP76 mediates insulin resistance by enhancing the rate of clathrin-dependent endocytosis of insulin. Because RLIP76 is induced by oxidative stress, it could play a role in insulin resistance seen in pathological conditions characterized by increased oxidative stress.
DeepSIC: Deep Semantic Image Compression (2018)

Incorporating semantic information into the codecs during image compression can significantly reduce the repetitive computation of fundamental semantic analysis (such as object recognition) in client-side applications. The same practice also enable the compressed code to carry the image semantic information during storage and transmission. In this paper, we propose a concept called Deep Semantic Image Compression (DeepSIC) and put forward two novel architectures that aim to reconstruct the compressed image and generate corresponding semantic representations at the same time. The first architecture performs semantic analysis in the encoding process by reserving a portion of the bits from the compressed code to store the semantic representations. The second performs semantic analysis in the decoding step with the feature maps that are embedded in the compressed code. In both architectures, the feature maps are shared by the compression and the semantic analytics modules. To validate our approaches, we conduct experiments on the publicly available benchmarking datasets and achieve promising results. We also provide a thorough analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed technique.
Information Processing vs Pupil Diameter (1973)

The effects of information processing on pupil diameter were investigated. Results showed that pupil diameter was significantly greater than a baseline diameter when Ss were required to process information at 75 and 100% of their maximum capacity. However, when Ss were required to process information at a rate above their maximum capacity, the pupil constricted significantly below the baseline diameter. Pupil diameter may be a parameter which would identify points in time where mental overload occurs in a worker's job, and therefore identify areas of the job which should be redesigned if one wished to reduce mental overload.
Visualization of the three dimensional flow behind oscillating foils (2002)

The maximum efficiency of foil propulsors has been estimated to be more than 15% greater than the best screw propellers currently used on oceangoing vehicles. Because of this, naval designers have begun to look for ways to apply oscillating foil technology to conventional marine vessels and underwater robots. 1 Thus far, few studies have investigated the full flow around an oscillating foil. Most of the experimental work performed to date has been conducted on two-dimensional foil configurations. However, in practice the flow around both natural and man-made
Conformational Changes of Aliphatic Ionenes in Water-Salt Solutions as a Factor Controlling Stability of Their Complexes with Calf Thymus DNA (2003)

Fractions of symmetrical X,X-ionenes (X = 3, 6 and 10) with degrees of polymerization DP = 30−250 and nonsymmetrical 2,Y-ionenes (Y = 4, 6, 8, and 10), DP = 4−30, were used as positively charged partners of calf thymus DNA in polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC). The determined values of salt concentration, C*salt, corresponding to the complete dissociation of PEC increased with the lengthening of ionenes of both families. C*NaCl for PEC formed by relatively short 2,Y-ionenes of the same DP increased markedly with Y decrease. However the impact of this factor was substantially diminished upon lengthening of the 2,Y-ionenes. For the long-chained X,X-ionenes a more than 3-fold increase in X resulted only in moderate decrease in C*NaCl. These finding suggest that the effective charge density of different ionenes releasing from PEC at relatively high C*salt becomes comparable owing to their pronounced compaction. This assumption was supported by the results of treatment of the experimental data using the developed model of PEC dissociation in water−salt media, which established the conformations of the releasing chains as slightly more swollen than θ-coil for 3,3-ionenes, θ-coil for 6,6-ionenes, and close to globule for 10,10-ionenes. The findings appear to be of particular interest to gain a better insight into the mechanism of DNA interaction with positively charged counterpart in vivo and in vitro.
Microfluidic patterning of alginate hydrogels (2007)

In this article the authors present techniques which allow the microfluidic design of alginate microgels with layer composition on a chip. The hydrogel is created by combining two laminar flows of the gel precursor solutions-a calcium solution and an alginate solution-in a microchannel. The alginate solution is loaded with particles and by employing a certain fluid handling protocol involving several alginate solutions with different types of particles, a gel bar composed of many layers, each layer filled with a certain particle type, is formed. This method allows to produce defined lamellae of gel with extraordinarily small size and large aspect ratios. The minimal width attainable for a single layer by this technique is determined by the experimental conditions and for the conditions of the present article layer widths on the order of 10 microm have been realized at a gel thickness of 100 microm. Another method described is based on the finding that the degree of particle incorporation in the gel varies with the particle speed in the alginate flow. Altering the alginate flow rate thus allows to form a gel bar with an inner structure due to varying particle density. The authors believe that alginate gel patterning technology, which relies on easily available equipment and involves gentle particle immobilization conditions, could offer a novel approach toward the engineering of artificial tissues on the micrometer range or to cell micropatterning for analytical purposes.
Drop breakup in turbulent stirred‐tank contactors. Part II: Relative influence of viscosity and interfacial tension (1986)

Abstract The relative influence of dispersed‐phase viscosity and interfacial tension on equilibrium drop size and drop size distribution is studied for dilute suspensions by dispersing various silicone oils in water, methanol, and their solutions. Correlations for Sauter mean diameter, D 32 , are developed in terms of system variables using the mechanistic models of Part I. Drop sizes for low to moderate viscosity dispersed phases are normally distributed in volume and can be correlated by normalization with D 32 . Trends in the distributions are explained in terms of a parameter representing the relative resistance to breakage.
Non-Axial Crushing of E-Glass/Polyester Pultruded Tubes (1990)

Two types of non-axial crushing, off-axis crushing and angled crushing, have been identified and significant differences found between the E-glass/polyester pultruded tubes crushed in these different configurations. Energy absorption for the two types of crushing was found also to vary significantly with the angle of inclination, with the difference being largest at high angles of inclination. Reasons for energy absorption differences between the crushing configurations include the initiation of different crack patterns, different loading of individual fibers, and altered friction. For all angles, the load required for continued crushing was found to fluctuate more for off-axis crushing than for angled crushing.
Can We Gain More from Orthogonality Regularizations in Training Deep\n CNNs? (2018)

This paper seeks to answer the question: as the (near-) orthogonality of\nweights is found to be a favorable property for training deep convolutional\nneural networks, how can we enforce it in more effective and easy-to-use ways?\nWe develop novel orthogonality regularizations on training deep CNNs, utilizing\nvarious advanced analytical tools such as mutual coherence and restricted\nisometry property. These plug-and-play regularizations can be conveniently\nincorporated into training almost any CNN without extra hassle. We then\nbenchmark their effects on state-of-the-art models: ResNet, WideResNet, and\nResNeXt, on several most popular computer vision datasets: CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100,\nSVHN and ImageNet. We observe consistent performance gains after applying those\nproposed regularizations, in terms of both the final accuracies achieved, and\nfaster and more stable convergences. We have made our codes and pre-trained\nmodels publicly available:\nhttps://github.com/nbansal90/Can-we-Gain-More-from-Orthogonality.\n
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Sulfur and Coking Tolerance of a Mixed Ion Conductor for SOFCs: BaZr<sub>0.1</sub>Ce<sub>0.7</sub>Y<sub>0.2‐x</sub>Yb<sub>x </sub>O<sub>3‐δ</sub>. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pd<sup>2+</sup>/Pd<sup>0</sup> Redox Cycling in Hexagonal YMn<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3</sub>: Implications for Catalysis by PGM-Substituted Complex Oxides (2011)

Complex oxides--containing at least two different cations on crystallographically distinct sites--have recently been shown to display redox cycling of platinum group metals (PGMs), such as Pd; for example, Pd-substituted complex oxides can reversibly extrude metallic Pd under reducing conditions and then reincorporate Pd(2+) ions into the lattice under oxidizing conditions. The title compounds, YMn(0.5)Fe(0.5-x)Pd(x)O(3-δ) (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) crystallizing in the noncentrosymmetric YMnO(3) structure, were prepared using a sol-gel process at 800 °C, and the structures were refined from high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. Their redox cycling behavior was monitored using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and EXAFS studies. In contrast to the previously studied complex oxide host compounds, YMn(0.5)Fe(0.5-x)Pd(x)O(3-δ) is only modestly tolerant to cycling: repeated redox cycling leads to the formation of PdO, which, on the time-scale of the oxidation cycles, does not reincorporate in the complex oxide lattice. Both oxidized and reduced samples were tested for the oxidation of CO to CO(2) under CO-lean conditions. YMn(0.5)Fe(0.5-x)Pd(x)O(3-δ) performs essentially as well as previously studied YFe(1-x)Pd(x)O(3-δ). The CO oxidation light-off characteristics of the hexagonal hosts are very similar to finely dispersed PdO. Despite evidence that Pd is almost fully dispersed as divalent ions in the host lattice, which is presumably accompanied by the concurrent creation of oxygen vacancies (2 Pd(2+):1 V(O(2-))), the as-prepared hexagonal materials do not display any significant improvement in catalytic activity as a function of Pd substitution level. This suggests that the corner-connected trigonal bipyramids that characterize this structural family do not enable the transport of oxygen through the bulk of the lattice. The study casts light on factors in the solid-state chemistry of precious metal-substituted complex oxides that influence the efficacy of redox cycling of the precious metal, and catalytic performance.
HIGH-THROUGHPUT CELL SORTER WITH PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATION. (2008)

Currently, most of the integrated sorting modules in the microfabricated DEP-based and fluorescent-activated cell sorters (μFACS) still suffer from low-throughput operation and require complex fabrication process (e.g. embedded electrodes) and high power consumption (e.g. electrokinetically-driven sorters). In this paper, we demonstrate an easy-to-fabricate, low-powered and high-speed sorting module (at a single cell level) using an on-chip integrated piezoelectric (PZT) actuator. By controlling the bending motion of the PZT actuator, we have investigated and verified the high-speed flow-switching and sorting capabilities both theoretically (dynamic simulation) and experimentally using beads and biological agents.
Step coverage modeling of thin films in atomic layer deposition (2007)

A film growth model on microfeatures is proposed to evaluate step coverage depending on precursor injection time in atomic layer deposition. The proposed model is based on that the chemisorption rate of precursors at a certain position along the depth of a microfeature is determined by the total flux of precursors and the sticking probability. The total flux includes the flux coming from the entrance of a microfeature and the flux reflected from other positions inside a microfeature, and the sticking probability depends on the surface coverage of chemisorbed precursor, which is a function of precursor injection time. The proposed model was applied to the deposition of Al2O3 films on 0.3μm diameter holes with an aspect ratio of 10. It was confirmed that the experimental data for step coverage depending on precursor injection time follow the trend predicted by the proposed model.
Protein Structure and the Energetics of Protein Stability (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProtein Structure and the Energetics of Protein StabilityAndrew D. Robertson and Kenneth P. MurphyView Author Information Department of Biochemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 5, 1251–1268Publication Date (Web):August 5, 1997Publication History Received3 March 1997Revised14 May 1997Published online5 August 1997Published inissue 1 August 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr960383chttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr960383cresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7111Altmetric-Citations542LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biochemistry,Peptides and proteins,Protein structure,Stability,Thermodynamics Get e-Alerts