gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic variation and host interactions of <i>Xenorhabdus bovienii</i> SS‐2004, the entomopathogenic symbiont of <i>Steinernema jollieti</i> nematodes (2011)

Xenorhabdus bovienii (SS-2004) bacteria reside in the intestine of the infective-juvenile (IJ) stage of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema jollieti. The recent sequencing of the X. bovienii genome facilitates its use as a model to understand host - symbiont interactions. To provide a biological foundation for such studies, we characterized X. bovienii in vitro and host interaction phenotypes. Within the nematode host X. bovienii was contained within a membrane bound envelope that also enclosed the nematode-derived intravesicular structure. Steinernema jollieti nematodes cultivated on mixed lawns of X. bovienii expressing green or DsRed fluorescent proteins were predominantly colonized by one or the other strain, suggesting the colonizing population is founded by a few cells. Xenorhabdus bovienii exhibits phenotypic variation between orange-pigmented primary form and cream-pigmented secondary form. Each form can colonize IJ nematodes when cultured in vitro on agar. However, IJs did not develop or emerge from Galleria mellonella insects infected with secondary form. Unlike primary-form infected insects that were soft and flexible, secondary-form infected insects retained a rigid exoskeleton structure. Xenorhabdus bovienii primary and secondary form isolates are virulent towards Manduca sexta and several other insects. However, primary form stocks present attenuated virulence, suggesting that X. bovienii, like Xenorhabdus nematophila may undergo virulence modulation.
Two‐year results of a low‐dose drug‐coated balloon for revascularization of the femoropopliteal artery: Outcomes from the ILLUMENATE first‐in‐human study (2015)

The Stellarex DCB provides safe and durable clinical outcomes for treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease through 24 months.
Nanoparticle-based chemical treatment for preventing loss circulation (2018)

Abstract This paper provides development of a novel nanoparticle-based chemical treatment composition for its potential use a loss circulation material. The novel loss circulation material is based on a delayed activation chemistry to gel up an environmentally friendly nanomaterial based dispersion. The chemical treatment composition comprises of two major components viz. nanoparticle based dispersion and a chemical activator. A major advantage of the activator used to gel up nanoparticle-based dispersion is its ability to place the treatment composition in to the target zone before the nanoparticle based dispersion gels up thus avoiding premature setting of the treatment fluid. The newly developed system can be used effectively up to 300°F. The gelation times were evaluated at different temperatures up to 300°F. The effects of pH and different concentration of activators on gelation times of the new treatment fluid has also been studied. The effectiveness of the newly developed composition as a loss circulation treatment was also evaluated by performing permeability plugging tests to test the plugging capacity of this novel system. The novelty of the newly developed treatment composition is to have a controllable gelation time under a variety of downhole conditions to allow accurate placement of the treatment fluid inside the wellbore without premature setting of the fluid. It was shown that the gelation time of the treatment composition could be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the activator. The system gives a predictable and controllable pumping time, ranging from a few minutes to several hours at over a wide range of temperatures. This is an important advantage of as it allows the treatment composition to remain pumpable for sufficient time for placement and develops the network structure that leads to gelation, over a predictable period of time. The set gel, which appears as a crystalline solid, could remain homogenous and stay in place thereby preventing loss circulation.
An efficient block adaptive decision feedback equalizer implemented in the frequency domain (2002)

In this paper, a new block adaptive decision feedback equalizer (DFE) implemented in the frequency domain is derived. The new algorithm is suitable for applications requiring long adaptive equalizers, as is the case in several high-speed wireless communication systems. The inherent "causality" problem appearing in the block adaptive formulation of the DFE equations is overcome by using tentative decisions in place of the unknown ones within each block. These tentative decisions are subsequently improved by using an efficient iterative procedure, which finally converges to the optimum decisions in a few iterations. This procedure is properly initialized by applying a minimization criterion that utilizes all the available information. The whole algorithm, including the iterative procedure, is implemented in the frequency domain and exhibits a considerable reduction in computational complexity, as compared with the conventional DFE, offering, at the same time, a noticeable increase in convergence speed. Additionally, the level of the steady-state MSE, which is achieved by the new algorithm, is practically insensitive to the block length.
Continuous-Wave Mid-Infrared Frequency Conversion in Silicon Nanowaveguides (2011)

We report continuous-wave wavelength conversion from the telecom band to the mid-infrared via four-wave mixing in silicon nanowaveguides. We convert a 1636-nm signal to produce a 2384-nm idler, demonstrating a parametric bandwidth of 748 nm.
Improved PEDOT Conductivity via Suppression of Crystallite Formation in Fe(III) Tosylate During Vapor Phase Polymerization (2008)

Abstract Vapor phase polymerization was used to synthesize high conductivity poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxyphenylene) (PEDOT). The monomer is presented to an oxidant‐rich substrate in vapor form and even for short polymerization times, 10–30 min, Fe(III) tosylate has a propensity for water absorption leading to crystal formation. Poor oxidant treatment before polymerization or high humidity during polymerization can create holes in the PEDOT film decreasing its conductivity. The addition of an amphiphilic copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)‐ ran ‐poly(propylene glycol) suppresses crystal growth allowing better film formation. The humidity level during synthesis was optimized at 35% relative humidity (RH), producing a conductivity of 761 S · cm −1 . Additionally, the copolymer extends the RH range that is tolerable for polymer synthesis. magnified image
MicroRNA-181a-mediated downregulation of AC9 protein decreases intracellular cAMP level and inhibits ATRA-induced APL cell differentiation (2014)

AC9 is one of the adenylate cyclase (AC) isoforms, which catalyze the conversion of ATP to cAMP, an important second messenger. We previously found that the integration of cAMP/PKA pathway with nuclear receptor-mediated signaling was required during all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced maturation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells. Here we showed that AC9 could affect intracellular cAMP level and enhance the trans-activity of retinoic acid receptor. Knockdown of AC9 in APL cell line NB4 could obviously inhibit ATRA-induced differentiation. We also demonstrated that miR-181a could decrease AC9 expression by targeting 3'UTR of AC9 mRNA, finally controlling the production of intracellular cAMP. The expression of miR-181a itself could be inhibited by CEBPα, probably accounting for the differential expression of miR-181a in NB4 and ATRA-resistant NB4-R1 cells. Moreover, we found that AC9 expression was relatively lower in newly diagnosed or relapsed APL patients than in both complete remission and non-leukemia cases, closely correlating with the leukemogenesis of APL. Taken together, our studies revealed for the first time the importance of miR-181a-mediated AC9 downregulation in APL. We also suggested the potential value of AC9 as a biomarker in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of leukemia.
Lacrimal fluid and electrolyte secretion: A review (1989)

Lacrimal gland fluid is an important component of the precorneal tear film. The rate of lacrimal gland fluid secretion is controlled primarily by parasympathetic innervation, and it is, apparently, modulated by sympathetic innervation. Lacrimal gland fluid is produced in two stages, secretion of a primary fluid which resembles an isotonic ultrafiltrate of plasma in the acinus-early intercalated duct region, and secretion of a KCl-rich fluid in subsequent ductal elements. Little is known about the electrolyte transport mechanisms of the ductal epithelia. Recent work using a variety of techniques, including tracer flux measurements, intracellular electrical recording, intracellular ion activity measurements, patch clamping, and analytical subcellular fractionation, supports a model for transcellular Cl-secretion in the acinus which involves Cl--selective channels in the apical plasma membrane and an array of Na+/H+ antiporters, Cl-/HCO3-antiporters, K+ channels, and Na,K-ATPase in the basal-lateral plasma membrane.
Hydrogenolysis of β-Oxygenated Esters to Glycols (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogenolysis of β-Oxygenated Esters to GlycolsRalph Mozingo and Karl FolkersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 1, 227–229Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01181a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01181a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stable Formally Zerovalent and Diamagnetic Monovalent Niobium and Tantalum Complexes Based on Diazadiene Ligands (2002)

This paper describes the efficient synthesis and full characterization of rare formally zerovalent and diamagnetic monovalent pseudooctahedral niobium and tantalum complexes. The reaction of NbCl(4)(thf)(2) with 4 equiv of Na and 3.5 equiv of iPr(2)-dad (1,4-diisopropyl-1,4-diaza-1,3-diene) yields Nb(iPr(2)-dad)(3) in 52% yield. Ta(iPr(2)-dad)(3) is also obtained in 33% yield from 5 equiv of Na/naphthalene and 3.5 equiv of iPr(2)-dad. Oxidation of these complexes with AgBPh(4) yields the diamagnetic complexes [M(iPr(2)-dad)(3)][BPh(4)] (M = Nb, Ta). X-ray and spectroscopic data indicate that the unpaired electron density is localized on the ligands. DFT calculations reveal that, in the prevailing D(3) symmetry, a very strong splitting of t(2g) metal-based orbitals occurs, leading to the diamagnetism of the 16e M(iPr(2)-dad)(3)(+). This strong splitting allows a M-N nonbonding, ligand-based orbital to accommodate additional electrons, as a result of which the formally zerovalent complexes, M(iPr(2)-dad)(3), are in fact correctly formulated as M(+)iPr(2)-dad (-), that is, (16e + 1e).
Abstract P111: Applying the Principles of Functional Stimulation to Electrical CPR (2008)

Background: We have previously reported on a specialized electrical stimulus that produces coronary and carotid blood flow during VF. The values selected for the Current (C), Pulse Width (PW), Pulse Period (PP), Train Width (TW) and Train Rate (TR) are critical to obtaining effective blood flow. An initial experiment in which these parameters were systematically studied in order to identify the optimal parameters has been previously reported. In this study we utilized some of the principles established in the field of NeuroMuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) of the extremities to further optimize ECPR. A primary principle of interest is that the force produced is proportional to charge delivered (Coulombs or amp-seconds.) Consequently, higher C, longer PW, shorter PP and longer TW would be predicted to produce greater force. Hypothsis: We hypothesized that for ECPR as in NMES that: CPP over time would be proportional to the total charge delivered per constriction. Methods: We applied 118 episodes of ECPR in 7 porcine subjects as previously described. VF was electrically induced and untreated for 10 seconds. ECPR was then applied for 60 seconds or until CPP dropped below 15 mm Hg. The specific ECPR intervention applied was determined according to a factorial design of experiment in which two levels each of C, PW, PP and TW were evaluated. The CPP was recorded at 10-second intervals during ECPR until it was terminated. Results: PP and PW showed significant differences in their ability to maintain CPP > 15 mm Hg (T15) for prolonged periods of time (PP=25 ms: 49±15 s to T15 vs PP=50 ms: 41±17 s to T15, p=0.004) (PW=0.2 ms: 42±17 s to T15 vs PW=0.8 ms: 48±16 s to T15, p=0.05). Regression analysis further showed that an increase in PW and a decrease in PP worked independently and without interaction to increase T15 for CPP. These two parameters relate directly to total charge delivered with the result that, for each additional unit of total charge delivered, there was an almost 8 times increase in the T15 time period (coefficient = 7.7, 95% CI=(6.5,8.9)) Conclusions: The increases in charge provided by longer PP and shorter PW produced significantly longer time of CPP > 15 mm Hg within the limits of this test. Further study is required in order to further extend the duration of action ECPR.
Garment level power distribution for wearables using inductive power transfer (2016)

Wearable and smart devices are gaining in popularity, with many users now using multiple devices. Each of these devices requires individual charging and power maintenance. This paper proposes power sharing between multiple wearables to alleviate some of the burden of charging multiple devices. To achieve wearable and smart device power sharing, we propose using the garments we wear as a power distribution backbone. To allow non-contact power transfer between garments, bi-directional inductive power transfer is used. We demonstrate a novel coil topology called Feed Coils constructed from flexible materials to aid garment integration and user comfort. Our system complies with international guidelines on time-varying magnetic field exposure to human tissue, allowing the system to be operated in close proximity to the body. Three preliminary experiments are conducted to characterize the bi-directional inductive power sharing system and to investigate the feasibility and human factors impacting wearable and smart device power sharing.
INNERVATION OF THE HUMAN GLANS PENIS (1999)

The dorsal nerve of the penis innervates the glans, including the frenulum which is also innervated by a branch of the perineal nerve. Branches of the dorsal nerve of the penis extend through the glans ventrolaterally. Electrical representation of glanular innervation reveals the glans to be filled with nerve endings supporting its function as a sensory structure.
Concepciones epistemológicas para el abordaje de las relaciones temporales y espaciales en el nivel preuniversitario (2011)

Al analizar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la historia en el nivel preuniversitario, independientemente de los avances logrados, se registra entre sus principales insuficiencias el deficiente establecimiento de relaciones temporales y espaciales por parte de los estudiantes del Nivel Medio Superior cubano actual. El objetivo central de este trabajo es mostrar algunas de las potencialidades que tiene el programa de la asignatura Historia en el Preuniversitario para el establecimiento de relaciones temporales y espaciales entre personalidades, hechos, procesos y fenómenos históricos, lo que facilita su comprensión integral. El trabajo con la temporalidad y la espacialidad históricas son imposibles de circunscribir a ítenes específicos al constituir contenidos que se encuentran diseminados por todo el programa de Historia de la escuela cubana actual, que a su vez tributan a las concepciones de espacio y tiempo que deben formar y|o desarrollar los alumnos, contribuyendo este carácter omnipresente a brindarle una dinámica singular, muy rica en interconexiones, de aquí parte precisamente una de las motivaciones centrales de este trabajo, por la enorme repercusión que tiene en el sistema de conocimientos de nuestros estudiantes. Sin un correcto trabajo de la temporalidad y la espacialidad históricas, esta herramienta básica, se convierte en su contrario, facilitando la incurrencia en graves errores a la hora de razonar correctamente y responder las diversas situaciones de aprendizaje en las que son colocados, nuestros adolescentes y jóvenes del Preuniversitario. No le permite aplicar estos conocimientos para comprender adecuadamente la realidad del mundo de hoy a partir del conocimiento de la historia de la humanidad y proyectar su pensamiento y acción hacia la meta de que un mundo mejor es posible. Los métodos utilizados fueron el análisis y crítica de fuentes, el histórico-lógico, la observación participante y el análisis de los productos de la actividad, los resultados más importantes son la fundamentación de la propuesta desde la filosofía, la sociología, la pedagogía y la didáctica, un procedimiento para el diagnóstico integral de la problemática y la muestra de ítenes que posibilitan el trabajo de los profesores.
A Linear Programming Approach to Novelty Detection (2000)

Novelty detection involves modeling the normal behaviour of a sys-tem hence enabling detection of any divergence from normality. It has potential applications in many areas such as detection of ma-chine damage or highlighting abnormal features in medical data. One approach is to build a hypothesis estimating the support of the normal data i.e. constructing a function which is positive in the region where the data is located and negative elsewhere. Recently kernel methods have been proposed for estimating the support of a distribution and they have performed well in practice- training involves solution of a quadratic programming problem. In this pa-per we propose a simpler kernel method for estimating the support based on linear programming. The method is easy to implement and can learn large datasets rapidly. We demonstrate the method on medical and fault detection datasets.
Highly Conductive and Flexible Paper of 1D Silver-Nanowire-Doped Graphene (2013)

A novel architecture of graphene paper is proposed to consist of "1D metallic nanowires/defect-free graphene sheets". Highly conductive and flexible papers of 1D silver nanowires (Ag NWs) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene sheets as an example were fabricated by a simple filtration method. CVD graphene paper possesses much higher electrical conductivity of 1097 S/cm, compared with other reported carbon-related papers (graphene, carbon nanotube, etc.). With the addition of Ag NWs to form Ag NWs/graphene paper, the electrical conductivity is further improved up to 3189 S/cm, even higher than ∼2000 S/cm of bulk graphite. Ag NWs/graphene papers have very good flexibility with the only <5% loss of electrical conductivity over 500 times mechanical bending. Highly conductive composite papers have potential in high-performance, flexible energy conversion and storage devices.
Location-Related Privacy in Geo-Social Networks (2011)

Geo-social networks (GeoSNs) provide context-aware services that help associate location with users and content. The proliferation of GeoSNs indicates that they're rapidly attracting users. GeoSNs currently offer different types of services, including photo sharing, friend tracking, and "check-ins." However, this ability to reveal users' locations causes new privacy threats, which in turn call for new privacy-protection methods. The authors study four privacy aspects central to these social networks — location, absence, co-location, and identity privacy — and describe possible means of protecting privacy in these circumstances.
Vector modulation instability induced by vacuum fluctuations in highly birefringent fibers in the anomalous-dispersion regime (2005)

We report a detailed experimental study of vector modulation instability in highly birefringent optical fibers in the anomalous-dispersion regime. We prove that the observed instability is mainly induced by vacuum fluctuations. The detuning of the spectral peaks agrees with linear perturbation analysis. The exact shape of the spectrum is well reproduced by numerical integration of stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equations describing quantum propagation.
Knowing Machines: Essays on Technical Change (1996)

Marx and the machine economic and sociological explanations of technological change from the luminiferous ether to the Boeing nuclear weapons laboratories and the development of supercomputing the charismatic engineer (with Boelie Elzen) the fangs of the VIPER negotiating arithmetic, constructing proof computer-related accidental death tacit knowledge and the uninvention of nuclear weapons (with Graham Spinardi).
Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy: a pilot project. (1999)

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy for children with cerebral palsy (CP) is not new. Research documenting the effects in this population has been anecdotal. We evaluated the effects of HBO2 therapy for 25 children (X = 5.6 +/- 1.6 yr) with a functional diagnosis of spastic diplegic CP. Pre- and post-HBO2 evaluations consisted of the following measures: gross motor function measure (GMFM), fine motor function (Jebsen test for hand function), spasticity (modified Ashworth scale), video analysis, and parental questionnaire. The protocol for HBO2 therapy was 20 treatments of 95% oxygen at 1.75 atm abs for 60 min. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test for non-parametric measures was used to compare pre- and post-treatment data. Results showed improved gross motor function in three of the five items in the GMFM test, improved fine motor function in three of the six hand tests, reduced spasticity in three of four muscle groups when assessed by a physician specializing in CP, and improvements for four of nine questions posed to parents.
Bromeliáceas notables de Colombia. - 1 (1942)

Aechmea contracta / Aechmea nívea / Aechmea Schultesiana / Brocchinia serrata / Guzmania brasiliensis / Guzmania vittata / Pitcairnia caricifolia Mart. / Pitcairnia Cuatrecasana L. / Pitcairnia tolimensis / Pitcairnia turbinella / Vriesia chrysostachys E.
Applying formal specification and functional testing to graphical user interfaces (2002)

A validation approach is presented for testing the functionalities of graphical user interfaces (GUIs). This validation approach attempts to derive tests from formal functional specifications of a GUI. In order to identify and test all display objects and functions systematically, an algebraic notation for enumeration is developed. This algebraic notation is used with path algebras, function decomposition and concepts of functionally equivalent sequences (FESs) and functionally independent sequences (FISs) to reduce the number of test cases. Test cases can be written precisely and concisely in this notation. Criteria for test case selection are developed, and some preliminary results in error detection are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>