gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties of Blue Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes (2007)

A series of 2-difluorophenyl-4-methoxypyridine ligands were synthesized and successfully used to prepare iridium complexes including bis[2-(2‘,3‘-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxypyridinato-N,C2‘]iridium(III) [5-(2‘-pyridyl)tetrazolate] (5a1), bis[2-(2‘,4‘-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxypyridinato-N,C2‘]iridium(III) [5-(2‘-pyridyl)tetrazolate] (5a2), bis[2-(2‘,5‘-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxypyridinato-N,C2‘]iridium(III) [5-(2‘-pyridyl)tetrazolate] (5a3), bis[2-(3‘,4‘-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxypyridinato-N,C2‘]iridium(III) [5-(2‘-pyridyl)tetrazolate] (5a4), and bis[2-(3‘,5‘-difluorophenyl)-4-methoxypyridinato-N,C2‘]iridium(III) [5-(2‘-pyridyl)tetrazolate] (5a5). Interestingly, 5a4 exhibits 2‘-coordinated and 6‘-coordinated isomers. The coordination behavior of this ligand with iridium metal differed depending on the repulsion energy and the delocalization energy effects of the iridium complexes. X-ray structural analysis technique was successfully applied to interpret the different coordination behavior of 5a4. In addition, introducing the methoxy group to the well-known ligand (2-difluorophenylpyridine) successfully expanded the band gap of iridium complexes and made 5a2 exhibit the bluest emission at 452 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the bluest OLEDs based on a 2-difluorophenylpyridine-iridium coordination emitter.
Nitric Oxide Releasing Nanoparticles for Treatment of Candida Albicans Burn Infections (2012)

Candida albicans is a leading fungal cause of burn infections in hospital settings, and sepsis is one of the principle causes of death after a severe burn. The prevalence of invasive candidiasis in burn cases varies widely, but it accounts for 3-23% of severe infection with a mortality rate ranging from 14 to 70%. Therefore, it is imperative that we develop innovative therapeutics to which this fungus is unlikely to evolve resistance, thus curtailing the associated morbidity and mortality and ultimately improving our capacity to treat these infections. An inexpensive and stable nitric oxide (NO)-releasing nanoparticle (NO-np) platform has been recently developed. NO is known to have direct antifungal activity, modulate host immune responses and significantly regulate wound healing. In this study, we hypothesized that NO-np would be an effective therapy in the treatment of C. albicans burn infections. Using a murine burn model, NO-np demonstrated antifungal activity against C. albicans in vivo, most likely by arresting its growth and morphogenesis as demonstrated in vitro. NO-np demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity against yeast and filamentous forms of the fungus. Moreover, we showed that NO-np significantly accelerated the rate of wound healing in cutaneous burn infections when compared to controls. The histological evaluation of the affected tissue revealed that NO-np treatment modified leukocyte infiltration, minimized the fungal burden, and reduced collagen degradation, thus providing potential mechanisms for the therapeutics' biological activity. Together, these data suggest that NO-np have the potential to serve as a novel topical antifungal which can be used for the treatment of cutaneous burn infections and wounds.
Accomplishing the Goals of Affirmative Action—with or without Affirmative Action (2005)

(2005). Accomplishing the Goals of Affirmative Action—with or without Affirmative Action. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning: Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 6-13.
Depositions of Co-Cr Films by EP magnetron Sputtering Technique (1985)

Fast Co-Cr film deposition speed was obtained using the exposed pole (EP) magnetron sputtering technique. At an Ar gas pressure of 0.2 Pa and an applied power density of 7.6 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , a maximum film deposition speed of 0.18 μm/min was obtained. It was found that the film thickness and Co content both decrease monotonically from the center of the substrate outwards. Film thickness and Co content were found to be optimal under low Ar gas pressure and low magnetic field induced by the solenoid coil (B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> ).
Microscope mode secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging with a Timepix detector (2013)

In-vacuum active pixel detectors enable high sensitivity, highly parallel time- and space-resolved detection of ions from complex surfaces. For the first time, a Timepix detector assembly was combined with a secondary ion mass spectrometer for microscope mode secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging. Time resolved images from various benchmark samples demonstrate the imaging capabilities of the detector system. The main advantages of the active pixel detector are the higher signal-to-noise ratio and parallel acquisition of arrival time and position. Microscope mode SIMS imaging of biomolecules is demonstrated from tissue sections with the Timepix detector.
Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Patients Display Different Levels of Redox-Active CSF Iron (2008)

Oxidative stress constitutes a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies also point to redox active metals such as iron, copper and zinc in mediating oxidative stress in AD pathogenesis. However, the reactivity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) iron and its possible correlation with the severity of cognitive decline in both Alzheimer's patients and subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is still unknown. Here we show that different stages of cognitive and functional impairment are associated with changes in CSF reactive iron. In this work, we compared CSF samples from 56 elders, classified into 4 groups according to their scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR). Total CSF iron was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Redox-active iron was analyzed by a novel fluorimetric assay. One-way ANOVA was used to test differences in mean values, and Newman-Keuls Multiple Comparison Test was used for multi group comparisons. No difference in total CSF iron was found between different groups. Significant amounts of redox-active iron were found in CSF and their levels correlated with the extent of cognitive impairment. Redox-active CSF iron levels increased with the degree of cognitive impairment from normal to MCI subjects, while AD patients showed an abrupt decrease to levels close to zero. Given the relevance of oxidative damage in neurodegeneration, it might be possible to associate the development of cognitive and functional decline with the presence of redox-active iron in the CSF. The decrease in redox-active iron found in AD patients may represent a terminal situation, whereby the central nervous system attempts to minimize iron-associated toxicity.
A Framework for Distributed Monitoring and Root Cause Analysis for Large IP Networks (2009)

As the size of a centrally managed IP network increases, the cost of monitoring network devices and the number of reported events increase super-linearly. This in turn degrades the performance of the event correlation engine that is responsible for suppressing dependent events and escalating root cause events to a network administrator. To solve this scalability problem, we propose a distributed framework that partitions the network into smaller management domains and enables concurrent monitoring and event correlation in those domains. The gain in performance, however, comes with the challenge of correlating cross-domain events which occurs when failure in one domain induces events in other domain(s). In this paper, we investigate such situations and show in the worst case it would be impossible to determine the root cause. We propose a two step approach to solve this problem. First, we define a property called route-closure, which if satisfied by every partition not only minimizes the number of cross-domain events but also eliminates cases wherein root cause analysis may be inconclusive. We also describe a technology-centric partitioning mechanism that constructs partitions satisfying the route-closure property. Next, we propose a distributed architecture to efficiently identify and correlate cross-domain events. We use a commercial network management system to implement our distributed framework and run experiments by injecting synthetic events on large, real network topologies. Our experimental results show that our approach can manage over 200,000 managed entities and handle event bursts of size 15,000 in under five minutes without compromising the efficacy of event correlation.
Learning probabilistic representation of shape recognition from volumetric grid (2017)

Since a camera only gets an observation of partial surface of an object, the recognition of the whole object from this single-view observation is imcomplete. To address this problem, we establish probability representation of surface shape recognition based on 3D data. For a number of objects, multiple Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) stuctures are used to extract local shape features and to fit probility representation. In experiments, computation effect of different network structures are compared and the feasibility of fitting probability representation using convolution neural network is verified. In most cases, recognition probability is very accurate.
Central regulation of ejaculation and the therapeutic role of serotonergic agents in premature ejaculation. (2009)

Premature ejaculation (PE) is characterized by a short ejaculatory latency time, poor control over ejaculation and a negative impact on quality of life. The process of ejaculation is under central control, and serotonin (5-HT) is a key mediator; therefore, SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants, including paroxetine, sertraline and clomipramine, are commonly used with chronic daily dosing in the treatment of PE. Dapoxetine, a short-acting SSRI that acts supraspinally to inhibit ejaculation, has been approved in several European countries for on-demand treatment of PE. With a range of centrally acting treatment options, treatment should be tailored to meet the needs and preferences of individual patients.
Selective inhibition of ADAM metalloproteases blocks HER-2 extracellular domain (ECD) cleavage and potentiates the anti-tumor effects of trastuzumab (2006)

13021 Background: HER-2, a member of ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is an important regulator of cell proliferation and survival, and is a clinically validated target of therapeutic intervention in HER-2 positive metastatic breast cancer patients. In HER-2 overexpressing cells, the extracellular domain (ECD) is frequently cleaved, rendering the remaining transmembrane portion of HER-2 (p95) constitutively active. The presence of both serum ECD and cellular p95 protein have been linked to poor clinical outcome as well as reduced effectiveness of some therapeutic treatments, suggesting that signaling via p95 is clinically relevant and may represent an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Methods: Through medicinal chemistry efforts, we have identified a series of potent, selective small molecule inhibitors of ADAM metalloproteases, exemplified here by INCB7839. These compounds were tested both in vitro and in vivo for inhibition of HER-2 ECD cleavage and anti-tumor activity in the HER-2 overexpressing BT-474 cell line. Inhibition of circulating HER-2 ECD levels was monitored in a phase I multiple dose escalation study in healthy volunteers. Results: We demonstrate that these inhibitors effectively blocked HER-2 cleavage in HER-2 overexpressing human breast cancer cell lines. When used in combination, INCB7839 dramatically enhanced the antiproliferative activity of suboptimal doses of the anti-HER-2 antibody, trastuzumab, in HER-2 overexpressing/shedding breast cancer cell lines, accompanied by reduced ERK and AKT phosphorylation. Consistent with these in vitro data, INCB7839 reduced serum ECD levels in tumor-bearing mice and enhanced the antitumor effect of trastuzumab in a xenograft tumor model derived from the HER-2 overexpressing BT-474 breast cancer cell line. In a phase I clinical trial, INCB7839 demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in the circulating levels of HER-2 ECD present in healthy volunteers. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings suggest that blocking HER-2 cleavage with selective ADAM inhibitors, especially in combination with anti-HER-2 antibody therapy, may represent a novel approach for treating HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer patients. [Table: see text]
HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH FABRICS (1970)

Heat is transferred through fabrics by convection, conduction and radiation and under certain circumstances by vaporization. Each mode is subject to different physical principles but the effect of the total heat absorbed by underlying skin is the same: if the resultant skin temperature rise is sufficiently high and maintained sufficiently long, injury results. The extent of injury is predicted under certain controlled conditions and these conditions may be used to disclose protection principles appropriate to each mode of transfer.
Young People's Burden: Requirement of Negative CO <sub>2</sub> Emissions (2016)

Abstract. The rapid rise of global temperature that began about 1975 continues at a mean rate of about 0.18 °C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding &amp;plus;1.25 °C relative to 1880–1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slow amplifying feedbacks will lead to greater climate change and consequences. The growth rate of climate forcing due to human-caused greenhouse gases (GHGs) increased over 20 % in the past decade mainly due to resurging growth of atmospheric CH4, thus making it increasingly difficult to achieve targets such as limiting global warming to 1.5 °C or reducing atmospheric CO2 below 350 ppm. Such targets now require "negative emissions", i.e., extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere. If rapid phasedown of fossil fuel emissions begins soon, most of the necessary CO2 extraction can take place via improved agricultural and forestry practices, including reforestation and steps to improve soil fertility and increase its carbon content. In this case, the magnitude and duration of global temperature excursion above the natural range of the current interglacial (Holocene) could be limited and irreversible climate impacts could be minimized. In contrast, continued high fossil fuel emissions by the current generation would place a burden on young people to undertake massive technological CO2 extraction, if they are to limit climate change. Proposed methods of extraction such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) or air capture of CO2 imply minimal estimated costs of 104–570 trillion dollars this century, with large risks and uncertain feasibility. Continued high fossil fuel emissions unarguably sentences young people to either a massive, possibly implausible cleanup or growing deleterious climate impacts or both, scenarios that should provide both incentive and obligation for governments to alter energy policies without further delay.
Advances in targeting strategies for nanoparticles in cancer imaging and therapy (2014)

In the last decade, nanoparticles have offered great advances in diagnostic imaging and targeted drug delivery. In particular, nanoparticles have provided remarkable progress in cancer imaging and therapy based on materials science and biochemical engineering technology. Researchers constantly attempted to develop the nanoparticles which can deliver drugs more specifically to cancer cells, and these efforts brought the advances in the targeting strategy of nanoparticles. This minireview will discuss the progress in targeting strategies for nanoparticles focused on the recent innovative work for nanomedicine.
Dynamic slicing in the presence of unconstrained pointers (1991)

Article Free Access Share on Dynamic slicing in the presence of unconstrained pointers Authors: Hiralal Agrawal Bellcore, 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ Bellcore, 445 South Street, Morristown, NJView Profile , Richard A. DeMillo Software Engineering Research Center, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN Software Engineering Research Center, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, INView Profile , Eugene H. Spafford Software Engineering Research Center, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN Software Engineering Research Center, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, INView Profile Authors Info & Claims TAV4: Proceedings of the symposium on Testing, analysis, and verificationOctober 1991 Pages 60–73https://doi.org/10.1145/120807.120813Published:01 October 1991Publication History 61citation403DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations61Total Downloads403Last 12 Months16Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The oversupply of physicians: implications for hospital planning. (1981)

In the next ten years, hospitals will have to contend with the impact of group practice, which often competes with hospital-based services. How will a new interdependence between hospitals and group practices affect hospitals' strategic planning?
Driving Force and Mechanism for Spontaneous Metal Whisker Formation (2004)

The room temperature spontaneous growth of low melting point metal whiskers, such as Sn, poses a serious reliability problem in the semiconducting industry; a problem that has become acute with the introduction of Pb-free technology. To date, this 50+ year old problem has resisted interpretation. Herein we show that the driving force is essentially a reaction between oxygen and the sprouting metal. The resulting volume expansion creates a compressive stress that pushes the whiskers up. The model proposed explains our observations on In and Sn whiskers and many past observations. The solution is in principle simple: diffusion of oxygen into the metal must be prevented or slowed down. This was demonstrated by coating the active surfaces with a polymer coating.
The Many Myths of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C-Reactive Protein (2009)

In 2004 Ward analyzed 63 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trial studies with 90 active disease modifying antirheumatic drug treatment arms and demonstrated that erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was more sensitive to change than C-reactive protein (CRP) at 12 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment, with mean effect size differences of 0.09 to 0.11 units1. It is puzzling that Crowson, et al, authors from the Mayo Clinic and Centocor, address the issues of ESR versus CRP again, and with correlation analyses2. If we get their point, it is that it doesn’t matter which test is used in a clinical trial as they are both about as effective (or ineffective). This conclusion comes primarily from finding similar levels of correlation between swollen joint count and ESR and CRP, and through analysis … Address correspondence to Dr. Wolfe. E-mail: fwolfe{at}arthritis-research.org
Dual Aperture Photography: Image and Depth from a Mobile Camera (2015)

Conventional cameras capture images with limited depth of field and no depth information. Camera systems have been proposed that enable additional depth information to be captured with the image. These systems reduce the resolution of the captured image or result in reduced sensitivity of the lens. We demonstrate a camera that is able to capture extended depth of field images together with depth information at each single frame while requiring minimal impact on the physical design of the camera or its performance. In this paper we show results with a camera for mobile devices, but this technology (named dual aperture to recall the major change in the camera model) can be applied with even greater effect in larger form factor cameras.
The Traveling-Wave Tube as Amplifier at Microwaves (1947)

A tube is described which is based on the principle of interaction between a traveling electric field and an electron beam traveling at about the same velocity. Experiments on the interaction and the construction of a tube run as a sensitive amplifier at a wavelength of 9.1 centimeters are given. A noise factor of 11 decibels with a power amplification of 14 were obtained with one particular tube. An investigation of the field obtaining in a helix-the structure used for slowing down the wave-is briefly described, and the main results of an approximate theory of the tube are given.
Properties of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films and the effects of doping (1982)

Abstract Amorphous carbon films have been prepared in a r.f. glow discharge from various hydrocarbon gases. Electrical conductivity and optical absorption measurements show a strong dependence on the preparation gas and on the substrate temperature T d. Particularly for specimens prepared from ethylene, varying T d from 230 to 300°C increased the conductivity by ten orders of magnitude and decreased the optical gap from 2·0 to 0·8 eV. The hydrogen content of the specimens, measured by the thermal evolution technique, lies between 30% and 45% and shows no systematic dependence on T d or the preparation gas. Results are also presented for films which have been prepared from gas mixtures containing small predetermined amounts of phosphine, diborane or nitrogen. The addition of each dopant gas increases the specimen conductivity by between one and three orders of magnitude, depending on T d. It is concluded that for both undoped and doped specimens, conduction is predominantly by hopping in a region of fairly high density of localized states. Increasing T d or doping modifies the density of localized states in a way that moves the conduction path closer to the Fermi level, which remains fixed with respect to the valence states.
Dasatinib synergizes with doxorubicin to block growth, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells (2009)

The observed synergy between dasatinib and doxorubicin warrants the re-evaluation of dasatinib as an effective agent in multi-drug regimens for the treatment of invasive breast cancers.
Semi-Supervised Classification Using Linear Neighborhood Propagation (2006)

In this paper, we address the general problem of learning from both labeled and unlabeled data. Based on the reasonable assumption that the label of each data can be linearly reconstructed from its neighbors’ labels, we develop a novel approach, called Linear Neighborhood Propagation (LNP), to learn the linear construction weights and predict the labels of the unlabeled data from the labeled data. The main procedure is composed of two steps: (1) it computes the local neighborhood geometry according to the image information by solving a constrained least squares problem, (2) the obtained geometry will be used to predict the labels of unlabeled data by solving a linearly constrained quadratic optimization problem. LNP has at least three characteristics. Firstly, it is much practical in that only one free parameter, the size of neighborhood, requires user-tuning. Secondly it can be easily extended to out-of-sample examples. Finally the labels achieved from LNP can be sufficiently smooth with respect to the intrinsic structure collectively revealed by the labeled and unlabeled points. Many promising experimental results, such as object recognition, data ranking and interactive image segmentation, demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.