gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards autonomous mobile agents with emergent migration behaviour (2006)

Along with manifold advantages of distributed multi-agent systems, increased network traffic produced by highly communicative agents in large distributed systems has to be considered as their practical downside. We suggest to apply the programming paradigm of mobile agents to reduce this network overhead by allowing agents to meet at the same network node before commencing communication. A remote communication between two agents could then be replaced by one or two agent migrations, followed by local communication. Since only in trivial cases it is possible to decide at design time whether remote communication or agent migration with subsequent local communication would perform better, this decision has to be made at run-time based on environmental parameters and agents' past experience. We present an adaptive approach, which is inspired by a solution of the El Farol problem. Every agent forecasts the network load of the next communication step and applies a simple mathematical model to decide between the two alternatives at run-time. In addition, our approach does not only consider network load but also server load by enabling agents to dynamically forecast the number of agents migrating to a specific agent server. The approach is evaluated with simulation experiments in static and dynamic server load environments.
Characterization and Understanding of Thermoresponsive Polymer Composites Based on Spiky Nanostructured Fillers (2016)

Conductive polymer composites based on nanostructured particular fillers have many important applications, such as temperature and pressure sensors. Among many factors, the microstructure of conductive particle network determines the electron conduction properties. It has been found that nanospiky Ni particles filled in a polymer matrix can enable a reversible and rapid response and a large change of conductivity upon temperature change. While it has been previously hypothesized that quantum tunneling plays an important role, no direct experimental evidence with systematic characterization and understanding is available. Herein, impedance spectroscopy and low‐temperature electrical measurements are used to reveal the charge transport mechanisms of nanospiky Ni‐based nanocomposites upon temperature change. The results show that quantum tunneling effects indeed play a major role, which enables significant interparticle resistance change upon slight change (expansion and contraction) of the microstructured particle network.
Barankin Bounds for Target Localization by MIMO Radars (2006)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar/sonar systems transmit signals coded in time and space domains and have several advantages upon conventional systems. In this paper, the Barankin bound on target localization errors is used for analysis of the threshold signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of MIMO radar/sonar systems. It is shown that the threshold SNR of MIMO systems with spatially orthogonal transmit signals, is significantly lower than with coherent transmit signals. Orthogonal signal transmission results in lower threshold SNR, because of the lower sidelobes in the likelihood function. The lower sidelobes are achieved, since MIMO configuration allows to process the signal in both transmit and receive modes. Simulation results show that the threshold SNR obtained by orthogonal signal transmission is lower by more than 10 dB compared to coherent signal transmission
IMAGING AND STORAGE WITH A UNIFORM MOS STRUCTURE (1967)

Radiation sensitive characteristics of a uniform InSb—metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure have been used to detect images. By rapid optical scanning this structure with visible light of 0.63 μ we have detected infrared images due to 5-μ radiation. In addition information can be read-in and stored (or ``photographed'') by using 1-μ radiation, nondestructively read-out with 5-μ radiation, and erased with 0.25-μ radiation.
Evaluation of Immunomodulators, Interferons and Known <i>in Vitro</i> SARS-CoV Inhibitors for Inhibition of SARS-Cov Replication in BALB/c Mice (2006)

Compounds approved for therapeutic use and in vitro inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) were evaluated for inhibition in the mouse SARS-CoV replication model. A hybrid interferon, interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) B/D, and a mismatched double-stranded (ds) RNA interferon (IFN) inducer, Ampligen (poly I:poly C124), were the only compounds that potently inhibited virus titres in the lungs of infected mice as assessed by CPE titration assays. When mice were dosed intraperitoneally (i.p.) with IFN-alpha B/D once daily for 3 days beginning 4 h after virus exposure, SARS-CoV replication in the lungs of infected mice was reduced by 1 log10 at 10,000 and 32,000 IU; at the highest dose of 100,000 IU, virus lung titres were below detectable limits. Ampligen used i.p. at 10 mg/kg 4 h prior to virus exposure also reduced virus lung titres to below detectable limits. Nelfinavir, beta-D-N4-hydroxycytidine, calpain inhibitor VI, 3-deazaneplanocin A and Alferon (human leukocyte IFN-alpha-n3) did not significantly reduce lung virus titres in mice. Anti-inflammatory agents, chloroquine, amodiaquin and pentoxifylline, were also inactive in vivo, suggesting that although they may be useful in ameliorating the hyperinflammatory response induced by the virus infection, they will not significantly reduce the replication of the virus, the inducer of inflammatory response. Thus, anti-inflammatory agents may only be useful in treating virus lung infections if used in combination with agents that inhibit virus replication. In summary, the data suggest that induction of IFN by mismatched dsRNA or actual treatment with exogenous IFN-alpha can inhibit SARS-CoV replication in the lungs of mice.
Molecular Cloning and Photoperiod-Regulated Expression of Gibberellin 20-Oxidase from the Long-Day Plant Spinach (1996)

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a long-day (LD) rosette plant in which stem growth under LD conditions is mediated by gibberellins (GAs). Major control points in spinach are the later steps of sequential oxidation and elimination of C-20 of C20-GAs. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers were used to obtain a polymerase chain reaction product from spinach genomic DNA that has a high homology with GA 20-oxidase cDNAs from Cucurbita maxima L. and Arabidopsis thaliana Heynh. This polymerase chain reaction product was used as a probe to isolate a full-length cDNA clone with an open reading frame encoding a putative 43-kD protein of 374 amino acid residues. When this cDNA clone was expressed in Escherichia coli, the fusion protein catalyzed the biosynthetic sequence GA53-->GA44-->GA19-->GA20 and GA19-->GA17. This establishes that in spinach a single protein catalyzes the oxidation and elimination of C-20. Transfer of spinach plants from short day (SD) to LD conditions caused an increase in the level of all GAs of the early-13-hydroxylation pathway, except GA53, with GA20, GA1, and GA8 showing the largest increases. Northern blot analysis indicated that the level of GA 20-oxidase mRNA was higher in plants in LD than in SD conditions, with highest level of expression in the shoot tips and elongating stems. This expression pattern of GA 20-oxidase is consistent with the different levels of GA20, GA1, and GA8 found in spinach plants grown in SD and LD conditions.
Solid-Supported Reagents and Catch-and-Release Techniques in Organic Synthesis (2007)

The use of polymer-supported reagents, catalysts and scavengers (and their appropriate combinations) represents a powerful approach for the synthesis of organic compounds, using both traditional and parallel solution-phase methodologies, and it has been of great interest in recent years, especially in the field of pharmaceutical research. Polymer-supported synthesis circumvents the need to bind the substrate to a solid support, and thereby allows for the reactions to be monitored with familiar analytical techniques. The purpose of this publication is to review the recent synthetic transformations (from 2001) carried out with solid-supported reagents, including the catch-and-release techniques, which represent a hybrid approach in between scavenging and solid-phase synthesis. 1 Introduction 2 Oxidation 3 Reduction 4 Protection and Deprotection 5 Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation 5.1 Catch-and-Release Strategies 5.2 Reagents for Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation 6 Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formation 6.1 Catch-and-Release Strategies 6.2 Reagents for Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formation 7 Multistep Procedures 8 Conclusions 9 Notes Added in Proof. © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Gas plume quantification in downlooking hyperspectral longwave infrared images (2010)

Algorithms have been developed to support quantitative analysis of a gas plume using down-looking airborne hyperspectral long-wave infrared (LWIR) imagery. The resulting gas quantification "GQ" tool estimates the quantity of one or more gases at each pixel, and estimates uncertainty based on factors such as atmospheric transmittance, background clutter, and plume temperature contrast. GQ uses gas-insensitive segmentation algorithms to classify the background very precisely so that it can infer gas quantities from the differences between plume-bearing pixels and similar non-plume pixels. It also includes MODTRAN-based algorithms to iteratively assess various profiles of air temperature, water vapour, and ozone, and select the one that implies smooth emissivity curves for the (unknown) materials on the ground. GQ then uses a generalized least-squares (GLS) algorithm to simultaneously estimate the most likely mixture of background (terrain) material and foreground plume gases. Cross-linking of plume temperature to the estimated gas quantity is very non-linear, so the GLS solution was iteratively assessed over a range of plume temperatures to find the best fit to the observed spectrum. Quantification errors due to local variations in the camera-topixel distance were suppressed using a subspace projection operator. Lacking detailed depth-maps for real plumes, the GQ algorithm was tested on synthetic scenes generated by the Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generation (DIRSIG) software. Initial results showed pixel-by-pixel gas quantification errors of less than 15% for a Freon 134a plume.
Organic Light-emitting Diodes Based on Donor-substituted Phthalimide and Maleimide Fluorophores (2015)

Abstract Highly luminescent phthalimide- and maleimide-based molecules having donor–acceptor–donor electronic configurations have been developed. A phthalimide-based material exhibited highly efficient green delayed fluorescence owing to its small singlet–triplet energy gap. An organic light-emitting diode using the molecules as an emitter exhibited a high maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiency of 11.5%, which exceeds those obtained with common fluorescent emitters.
A fast histogram-based similarity measure for detecting loop closures in 3-D LIDAR data (2015)

We present a fast method of detecting loop closure opportunities through the use of similarity measures on histograms extracted from 3-D LIDAR data. We avoid computationally expensive features and compute histograms over simple global statistics of the LIDAR scans. The resulting histograms encode sufficient information to detect spatially close scans with high precision and recall and can be computed at rates faster than data acquisition on modest consumer-grade hardware. Our approach is able to match previously established results in LIDAR loop closure detection with less computational overhead.
Listeria monocytogenes Strain-Specific Impairment of the TetR Regulator Underlies the Drastic Increase in Cyclic di-AMP Secretion and Beta Interferon-Inducing Ability (2012)

Among a number of laboratory strains of Listeria monocytogenes used in experimental infection, strain LO28 is highly capable of inducing robust beta interferon (IFN-β) production in infected macrophages. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the IFN-β-inducing ability of LO28 by comparing it with that of strain EGD, a low-IFN-β-inducing strain. It was found that LO28 secretes a large amount of IFN-β-inducing factor, which turned out to be cyclic di-AMP. The secretion of cyclic di-AMP was dependent on MdrT, a multidrug resistance transporter, and LO28 exhibited a very high level of mdrT expression. The introduction of a null mutation into mdrT abolished the ability of LO28 to induce IFN-β production. Examination of genes responsible for the regulation of mdrT expression revealed a spontaneous 188-bp deletion in tetR of LO28. By constructing recombinant strains of LO28 and EGD in which tetR from each strain was replaced, it was confirmed that the distinct ability of LO28 is attributable mostly to tetR mutation. We concluded that the strong IFN-β-inducing ability of LO28 is due to a genetic defect in tetR resulting in the overexpression of mdrT and a concomitant increase in the secretion of cyclic di-AMP through MdrT.
Bacillus thuringiensis: generalidades.Un acercamiento a su empleo en el biocontrol de insectos lepidópteros que son plagas agrícolas (2008)

Resumen es: Bacillus thuringiensis es el insecticida biologico mas aplicado en el mundo y se utiliza para controlar diversos insectos que afectan la agricultura, la ...
Vol 5, No 2 November (2015) (2016)

Table of Contents From the EditorsProf. Dr. Ayse Cakir Ilhan A study for the impact of impressionism period’s coloring, style and mode on fashion designersFatma Ozturk, Ozlem Berksan40-45 “Beauty” and “Art” Concepts in the Books on Philosophy for ChildrenNihan Akkocaoğlu Cayır46-53 Intersection of design and art in the eyes of interior architecture studentsFunda Kurak Açici, Firdevs Kulak54-60 Tactile communication design for visually impaired people: Tactile magazine pageArzu Gurdal Dursin, Aysegul Gurdal Pamuklu 61-66 New approaches in art education:Moodle learning and content management system based art educationCansu Çelebi Erol67-71
Nature of polarization in wide-bandgap semiconductor detectors under high-flux irradiation: Application to semi-insulating<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cd</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Zn</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Te</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2008)

In this paper, we theoretically investigate the mechanism of polarization in wide-bandgap semiconductor radiation detectors under high-flux x-ray irradiation. Our general mathematical model of the defect structure within the bandgap is a system of balance laws based on carrier transport and defect transition rates, coupled together with the Poisson equation for the electric potential. The dynamical system is self-consistently evolved in time using a high-resolution wave propagation numerical algorithm. Through simulation, we identify and present a sequence of dynamics that determines a critical flux of photons above which polarization effects dominate. Using the experience gained through numerical simulation of the full set of equations, we derive a reduced system of conservation laws that describe the dominant dynamics. A multiple scale perturbation analysis of the reduced system is shown to yield an analytical dependence of the maximum sustainable flux on key material, detector, and operating parameters. The predicted dependencies are validated for $16\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}16\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{pixel}$ CdZnTe monolithic detector arrays subjected to a high-flux $120\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kVp}$ x-ray source.
Continuous-wave self-focusing and self-trapping of light in artificial Kerr media (1982)

Artificial Kerr media made from liquid suspensions of submicrometer particles were used as a new type of nonlinear medium for observing cw self-focusing and self-trapping of laser beams. Self-trapping of TEM(00)-mode beams and higher-order TEM(01)- and TEM(01)* -mode beams were investigated. Saturation-free operation down to filament diameters of ~2 microm was observed. The independence of the critical power for self-trapping on the beam diameter in the unsaturated regime was confirmed for the first time to our knowledge. Values of the nonlinear coefficient were determined for a range of particle diameters from 0.038 to 0.234 microm.
Finding Cohesive Subgroups and Relevant Members in the Nokia Friend View Mobile Social Network (2009)

The mobile phone can be used as a ubiquitous Internet device to help users connect with the relevant people instantaneously to grow their social networks and provide quality friendship. In this paper, we present usage statistics from Nokia friend view and identify its relevant users, by describing and applying our SCAN method adapted from for finding cohesive subgroups to the friend and interaction networks. Our results show that the connection patterns of the top 10 relevant users in the interaction network reflect the friend relationships of those users, and that members of cohesive subgroups send more messages and have more friends than others in the interaction network. These results can be used to improve friend recommendations, search, and user interaction.
Optical-damage-resistant LiNbO_3:Zn crystal (1990)

Zinc doping is shown to reduce the photorefraction in LiNbO(3):Zn. The damage-resistant crystal LiNbO(3):Zn has demonstrated a conversion efficiency of approximately 50% for frequency doubling of 1.06-microm radiation. The dependence of optical characteristics on the ZnO concentration in the melt reveals a sharp change of the optical properties at the threshold concentration of 4-6 mol % Zn. The optical and nonlinear-optical data of LiNbO(3):Zn are similar to those of LiNbO(3):Mg, but the former shows better optical performance.
An efficient noise rernoval and edge preserving convolution filter (2004)

A computationally efficient method for image enhancement based upon convolution kernels is introduced. The proposed convolution kernel is a linear combination of a uniform and Sobel kernel and combines the desired properties of both. Simulation results on a benchmark image support the analysis.
Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of<i>Olea europaea</i>(Olive) (2015)

Aim of the Review. To grasp the fragmented information available on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Olea europaea to explore its therapeutic potential and future research opportunities. Material and Methods. All the available information on O. europaea was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, Scirus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) and a library search. Results. Ethnomedical uses of O. europaea are recorded throughout the world where it has been used to treat various ailments. Phytochemical research had led to the isolation of flavonoids, secoiridoids, iridoids, flavanones, biophenols, triterpenes, benzoic acid derivatives, isochromans, and other classes of secondary metabolites from O. europaea. The plant materials and isolated components have shown a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities like antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihypertensive, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antinociceptive, gastroprotective, and wound healing activities. Conclusions. O. europaea emerged as a good source of traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The outcomes of phytochemical and pharmacological studies reported in this review will further expand its existing therapeutic potential and provide a convincing support to its future clinical use in modern medicine.
System call interception for serverless isolation (2020)

Serverless functions [6, 9, 13, 14], like AWS Lambda [3] or Google Cloud Functions [7], are new techniques for running short-lived workloads over a cloud, which are particularly preferred by users for their easy deployment, fine-grained billing and automatic scaling. Unlike traditional cloud offerings such as VMs and containers, these functions are stateless, where each function execution starts with a fresh state of memory, disk, and other resources. A multi-tenant serverless cloud platform has two primary components, a gateway controlled by the cloud service provider (CSP) and the user functions which are users' programs. A typical serverless function execution is stateless and involves broadly the following steps: (1) User request is received by the gateway, (2) Gateway executes the function and passes the request arguments, (3) The function performs necessary computation, (4) Optionally, it can call other functions through the gateway or access external Database, and (5) It returns the result to the user.
Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms. 90. Alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether, metabolic products of <i>Alternaria tenuis</i> (1953)

A colour reaction for formaldehyde is described which depends on the synthesis of diacetyldihydrolutidine from acetylacetone and formaldehyde in the presence ofexcess of ammonium salt. The conditions are mild enough to allow of its use with living material, and its sensitivity and degree of specificity are comparable to those of other reactions requiring more severe conditions.
Tracking objects using 3D object proposals (2017)

3D object proposals, quickly detected regions in a 3D scene that likely contain an object of interest, are an effective approach to improve the computational efficiency and accuracy of the object detection framework. In this work, we propose a novel online method that uses our previously developed 3D object proposals, in a RGB-D video sequence, to match and track static objects in the scene using shape matching. Our main observation is that depth images provide important information about the geometry of the scene that is often ignored in object matching techniques. Our method takes less than a second in MATLAB on the UW-RGBD scene dataset on a single thread CPU and thus, has potential to be used in low-power chips in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), quadcopters, and drones.
Toward accelerating deep learning at scale using specialized hardware in the datacenter (2015)

Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: FPGA; data center; deep learning; cloud specialization tradeoff; and deep convolutional neural network.
Physical Gels Based on Charge-Driven Bridging of Nanoparticles by Triblock Copolymers (2012)

We have prepared an aqueous physical gel consisting of negatively charged silica nanoparticles bridged by ABA triblock copolymers, in which the A blocks are positively charged and the B block is neutral and water-soluble. Irreversible aggregation of the silica nanoparticles was prevented by precoating them with a neutral hydrophilic polymer. Both the elastic plateau modulus and the relaxation time increase slowly as the gel ages, indicating an increase both in the number of active bridges and in the strength with which the end blocks are adsorbed. The rate of this aging process can be increased significantly by applying a small shear stress to the sample. Our results indicate that charge-driven bridging of nanoparticles by triblock copolymers is a promising strategy for thickening of aqueous particle containing materials, such as water-based coatings.