gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic inactivation of ITIH5 promotes bladder cancer progression and predicts early relapse of pT1 high-grade urothelial tumours (2013)

Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 5 (ITIH5) has been associated with tumour suppression in various cancers. However, its putative role in bladder cancer is completely unknown. Therefore, we initiated a study analysing ITIH5 expression as well as its prognostic and functional impact on human urothelial cancers (UCs). Expression analysis showed a clear down-regulation of ITIH5 mRNA in 61% (n = 45) of UCs, especially in muscle-invasive tumours (P < 0.001). ITIH5 loss in UCs was further evident on protein level (65.5%, n = 55) as detected by immunohistochemistry. DNA methylation analysis demonstrated tumour-specific ITIH5 promoter methylation in 50% of papillary none-invasive pTa (n = 30) and 68% of invasive (n = 28) UCs. Aberrant ITIH5 promoter methylation in bladder tumours was tightly linked (P < 0.001) with loss of ITIH5 mRNA expression, which was furthermore functionally confirmed by demethylation analysis in cell lines. Pyrosequencing analysis revealed that ITIH5 promoter hypermethylation was closely associated with progressive bladder cancers. Subsequently, a large cohort (n = 120) of clinically challenging pT1 high-grade UC was analysed for ITIH5 expression. Of clinical significance, we found an association between loss of ITIH5 expression and unfavourable prognosis of UC patients without distant metastasis at first diagnosis (recurrence-free survival; hazard ratio: 4.35, P = 0.048). Functionally, ITIH5 re-expression in human RT112 bladder cancer cells led to both suppression of cell migration and inhibition of colony spreading. Hence, we provide evidence that down-regulation of ITIH5 by aberrant DNA hypermethylation may provoke invasive phenotypes in human bladder cancer. Moreover, ITIH5 protein might become a prognostic biomarker for relapse risk stratification in high-grade UC patients.
Anthracycline toxicity is potentiated by iron and inhibited by deferoxamine: studies in rat heart cells in culture. (1993)

The interrelation between iron, iron chelation, and anthracycline toxicity was investigated in a heart cell culture system. Two indicators of cellular damage have been used, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and cell contractility. Both of these indicators have shown a marked increase in doxorubicin toxicity by prior iron loading. This was not a simple additive effect, because at the concentrations used, iron had only a minimal effect on LDH release and no effect at all on contractility, whereas doxorubicin had only a minor effect on contractility. Deferoxamine (DF) treatment of iron-loaded heart cells resulted in a marked decrease in anthracycline toxicity as judged both by LDH leakage and cell contractility. However, DF treatment of normal heart cells had no measurable protective effect against doxorubicin toxicity, whether DF was administered before or simultaneously with doxorubicin. Doxorubicin treatment did not alter cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in either normal or iron-loaded cells. Conversely, the protective effect of DF in iron-loaded cells and its failure to prevent anthracycline toxicity in normal cells were both associated with a significant decrease in MDA measurements. Our data indicate that iron overload aggravates anthracycline toxicity and that this interaction may be prevented by effective iron chelating therapy. Because patients requiring anthracycline therapy often have increased tissue iron stores caused by multiple blood transfusions and bone marrow suppression, our observations may have important implications for the prevention of anthracycline toxicity.
Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol. (1996)

Data from rodent studies indicate that cumulative stress exposure may accelerate senescence and offer a theory to explain differences in the rate of aging. Cumulative exposure to glucocorticoids causes hippocampal defects, resulting in an impairment of the ability to terminate glucocorticoid secretion at the end of stress and, therefore, in increased exposure to glucocorticoids which, in turn, further decreases the ability of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis to recover from a challenge. However, the consensus emerging from reviews of human studies is that basal corticotropic function is unaffected by aging, suggesting that the negative interaction of stress and aging does not occur in man. In the present study, a total of 177 temporal profiles of plasma cortisol from 90 normal men and 87 women, aged 18-83 yr, were collected from 7 laboratories and reanalyzed. Twelve parameters quantifying mean levels, value and timing of morning maximum and nocturnal nadir, circadian rhythm amplitude, and start and end of quiescent period were calculated for each individual profile. In both men and women, mean cortisol levels increased by 20-50% between 20-80 yr of age. Premenopausal women had slightly lower mean levels than men in the same age range, primarily because of lower morning maxima. The level of the nocturnal nadir increased progressively with aging in both sexes. An age-related elevation in the morning acrophase occurred in women, but not in men. The diurnal rhythmicity of cortisol secretion was preserved in old age, but the relative amplitude was dampened, and the timing of the circadian elevation was advanced. We conclude that there are marked gender-specific effects of aging on the levels and diurnal variation of human adrenocorticotropic activity, consistent with the hypothesis of the "wear and tear" of lifelong exposure to stress. The alterations in circadian amplitude and phase could be involved in the etiology of sleep disorders in the elderly.
Copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions: synthesis of substituted pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazolines with N-iminoquinazolinium ylides and olefins as starting materials (2016)

Pyrazolo[1,5-<italic>c</italic>]quinazoline derivatives were efficiently synthesized <italic>via</italic> cycloaddition reaction between <italic>N</italic>-iminoquinazolinium ylides and olefins in moderate to good yield.
Family planning -- a priority social and health action programme for Africa and the role of the physician. (1993)

The issues of contraception and family planning have been particularly sensitive and complex in sub-Saharan Africa. Family planning programs which promote the use of safe and effective modern methods of contraception have generally not been well received on the continent. The reality, however, is that sub-Saharan Africa has a rapidly growing population in the context of the world's least developed region. 25 of the world's 35 least developed countries are in sub-Saharan Africa. It is difficult enough to maintain existing services for populations in the region let alone expand them to meet the needs of even more people. Family planning should be seen as one of several strategies or interventions in an overall and integrated socioeconomic development plan. Unless population growth slows sharply and rapidly, living standards will continue to fall, unemployment and poverty will increase, and famine and hunger will lead to accelerated rural-urban migration, threatening national security and peace. The provision of family planning and high-quality reproductive health care can also help reduce the currently high levels of maternal mortality and morbidity. Physicians need to become more actively involved in advocating and providing family planning services.
One Small State (2008)

Gastroenterology Nursing: March 2008 - Volume 31 - Issue 2 - p 167 doi: 10.1097/01.SGA.0000316594.04856.02
The Wrong Stuff: America's Aerospace Export Control Crisis (2008)

In Science Fiction, Earth is often threatened by a variety of space-based enemies from evil robots to malevolent Martians. However, in reality, the greatest barrier to America revitalizing its moribund commercial space launch and manufacturing industries is none other than the United States Government itself, a force that would leave even Klingons weak with fear and dread. Specifically, the obsolete and poorly enforced International Traffic in Arms Regulations ("ITAR") have become an albatross around U.S. companies' necks, stifling innovation and stunting development. The great irony is that, in stark contrast to U.S. export control's twin policy goals of maintaining domestic preeminence in the aerospace field and supporting national security, the ITAR is having exactly the opposite effect. Since 1999, when all space-related systems were returned to the United States Munitions List ("USML"), America's leadership in commercial space capabilities has eroded, while Russian, European, and Asian entities have expanded and deepened their growing dominance.
Medical Image Retrieval Based on Second-generation Wavelet Transform (2009)

Texture feature extraction is an important part in content-based image retrieval.This paper proposes a simple and effective texture feature extraction algorithm.It uses the luminance property of the original image and the variance informantion of different subbands of the second-generation wavelet transform to form the descriptor.Compared with the previous retrieval algorithm using traditional wavelet transform,this algorithm has low-dimensional feature indexing and little computation.Experimental results on the medical database show that the proposed algorithm is greatly effective in image's retrieval.Furthermore,it is almost invariant to translation,rotation,scale and mirror.
Neural Networks for Beginners. A fast implementation in Matlab, Torch, TensorFlow (2017)

This report provides an introduction to some Machine Learning tools within the most common development environments. It mainly focuses on practical problems, skipping any theoretical introduction. It is oriented to both students trying to approach Machine Learning and experts looking for new frameworks.
Towards Scalable Representations of Object Categories: Learning a Hierarchy of Parts (2007)

This paper proposes a novel approach to constructing a hierarchical representation of visual input that aims to enable recognition and detection of a large number of object categories. Inspired by the principles of efficient indexing (bottom-up), robust matching (top-down), and ideas of compositionality, our approach learns a hierarchy of spatially flexible compositions, i.e. parts, in an unsupervised, statistics-driven manner. Starting with simple, frequent features, we learn the statistically most significant compositions (parts composed of parts), which consequently define the next layer. Parts are learned sequentially, layer after layer, optimally adjusting to the visual data. Lower layers are learned in a category-independent way to obtain complex, yet sharable visual building blocks, which is a crucial step towards a scalable representation. Higher layers of the hierarchy, on the other hand, are constructed by using specific categories, achieving a category representation with a small number of highly generalizable parts that gained their structural flexibility through composition within the hierarchy. Built in this way, new categories can be efficiently and continuously added to the system by adding a small number of parts only in the higher layers. The approach is demonstrated on a large collection of images and a variety of object categories. Detection results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the learned parts.
Drop Breakup in Simple Shear Fields of Viscoleastic Fluids (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDrop Breakup in Simple Shear Fields of Viscoleastic FluidsRaymond W. FlumerfeltCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1972, 11, 3, 312–318Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160043a005https://doi.org/10.1021/i160043a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Operation of a Medium-Voltage Drive Under Faulty Conditions (2005)

This paper presents a method for operating cascaded multilevel inverters when one or more power cells are damaged. The method is based on the use of additional switches in the power circuit to bypass the faulty cell. To control the cells, the angle of phase shifting in the carrier signals is modified according to the number of operating cells, to minimize the load voltage distortion, when the inverter operates in failure mode. The reference signals of the pulsewidth-modulation modulators are also modified to increase the output voltage. Simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of this method, which significantly increases the reliability of the drive.
Purification and Properties of Lipoprotein Lipase from<i>Rhizopus japonicus</i> (1980)

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and lipase activities from Rhizopus japonicus KY 521 were separated into two peaks by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Peak I (LPL) with higher LPL activity than lipase activity was further purified by chromatography on hydroxylapatite, gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 and isoelectric focusing. The purified enzyme had LPL activity and lipase activity in a ratio of 1.5:1. The two activities showed similar catalytic properties; they could hydrolyzed tricaprin most rapidly among triglycerides tested, had an optimum pH around 8.3 and were stable in the pH range of 5 to 7 and up to 50°C with treatment for 15 min. However, the LPL activity of the purified enzyme was strongly inhibited by NaCl and protamine, whereas lipase activity was enhanced by them.
Endothelial Dysfunction (2003)

Endothelial dysfunction is a systemic disorder and a key variable in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications. Current evidence suggests that endothelial status is not determined solely by the individual risk factor burden but rather, may be regarded as an integrated index of all atherogenic and atheroprotective factors present in an individual, including known as well as yet-unknown variables and genetic predisposition. Endothelial dysfunction reflects a vascular phenotype prone to atherogenesis and may therefore serve as a marker of the inherent atherosclerotic risk in an individual. In line with this hypothesis, dysfunction of either the coronary or peripheral vascular endothelium was shown to constitute an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, providing valuable prognostic information additional to that derived from conventional risk factor assessment. Interventions like risk factor modification and treatment with various drugs, including statins and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, may improve endothelial function and thereby, potentially prognosis. Hence, given its reversibility and granted the availability of a diagnostic tool to identify patients at risk and to control the efficacy of therapy in clinical practice, endothelial dysfunction may be an attractive primary target in the effort to optimize individualized therapeutic strategies to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Quality-driven Integration of Heterogeneous Information Systems (2005)

t p ' dx x t p ye fx h dr g lu c dx mh y g z c{ C| Sa cg eg } ~| eu tU Vs { C e| Q Su tR m a c q 'r ts vu cw x y p ' t p r $ dx i X d 4 e fy gu t h gi Xw ds d j Ch k r g lu c dx mh y g e t 4 d d ty x x y t d dw 2 gi Xw ds d w dk p t d y w vs vr tx d tx y g d d u tr g d ty y 7k t y p dw t w r pw r t x y t 0 s cw p 4 I t dw u tx s $s A dx y 4 d cx y $x yw s s x y x my gw s h v t x x x 1 dk t d d s v g w dw 1w u g p w dw f x w u x t 4r t d r p y i X dw s y g C p 4 pw r t x y t w ~y g C d 4 x yw s vu t d w u tr g S t x V S t dw k t u t d x 1 y g c p dw fw u g x x p h w k t x fs vr x k o w dj ~k u c Ay gw t Iw A 4r t d t dw gx y t d p v y x k tw w 4 p tx r t g y g 1x yw 4 1x y d d d C d 0x p dx fj tw u cw r g f dk t s cw p 4 ( t dw u tx s w i x yw d cw d dk t gi Xw ds d w 0 4r x p c tx ' 4 dw 4r t d tx t t h dk t f c f y g t dx y d u c i X s w dj i Xw (s vr tx d y u p ~ 4r t d 0 t dw gx y t d p dk fi Xr tx x x yx r y g t e dk t I 4r x vw i C gi Xw ds d w ~ s i x y y 4 pr x k x yw s tx y d t t d d s x t t d x x yr g x y y x h e I p s x t d px 1 x yx r y g ' gi Xw ds d w 4r x 4 dw s vr tx d y u p 4r t d v t dw gx y t d pw u p ty "w l d d d s tx k t ps 0h 7 $s w gy g x gi Xw ds d w 4r x y g C d 4 x 4 x ( t ~ c pi Xw ds 4r x 4 y g d pw r t x y p x tx d w y 2x yw 4 d r t ~w tx $ dk 2 dk t ~u c t pw r t x y t h S tx yw y 4 Ix yw s tr g d f 4r t d 4 y g c y g 4 gi Xw ds d w 4r x ~w i dk t I `y g y t d w dk y g t dx y d u c A dk t $x yw 4 d 4 w i f pw r t x y t h " x x 7 0y g y d ds t A dk t 0w x x 4r x w i f tx x d d d t 'u d 4 d dk t t p v gi Xw ds d w 4r x $ dx yw d t dw y p y fw i k t k g 4r x 4r t d 4 p d tx h m y g w 9 X g y y m X y w X X g ~ X m y g m w y y X X 1 g $ t m X
Distribution of Telomere-Associated Sequences on Natural Chromosomes in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1988)

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to examine the distribution of telomere-associated sequences on individual chromosomes in four strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The pattern of X and Y' distribution was different for each strain. At least one chromosome in each strain lacked Y', and in some strains, chromosome I, the smallest yeast chromosome, lacked detectable amounts of both X and Y'.
Learning discriminative representations from RGB-D video data (2013)

Recently, the low-cost Microsoft Kinect sensor, which can capture real-time high-resolution RGB and depth visual information, has attracted increasing attentions for a wide range of applications in computer vision. Existing techniques extract hand-tuned features from the RGB and the depth data separately and heuristically fuse them, which would not fully exploit the complementarity of both data sources. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive learning methodology to automatically extract (holistic) spatio-temporal features, simultaneously fusing the RGB and depth information, from RGB-D video data for visual recognition tasks. We address this as an optimization problem using our proposed restricted graph-based genetic programming (RGGP) approach, in which a group of primitive 3D operators are first randomly assembled as graph-based combinations and then evolved generation by generation by evaluating on a set of RGB-D video samples. Finally the best-performed combination is selected as the (near-)optimal representation for a pre-defined task.\n\nThe proposed method is systematically evaluated on a new hand gesture dataset, SKIG, that we collected ourselves and the public MSR Daily Activity 3D dataset, respectively. Extensive experimental results show that our approach leads to significant advantages compared with state-of-the-art hand-crafted and machine-learned features.
Characteristics of murine protoporphyrinogen oxidase (1992)

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) (PPO) is the penultimate enzyme of the heme biosynthetic pathway. Mouse PPO has been purified in low yield and kinetically characterized by this laboratory previously. A new more rapid purification procedure is described herein, and with this protein we detect a noncovalently bound flavin moiety. This flavin is present at approximately stoichiometric amounts in the purified enzyme and has been identified by its fluorescence spectrum and high performance liquid chromatography as flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Fluorescence quenching studies on the flavin yielded a Stern-Volmer quenching constant of 12.08 M-1 for iodide and 1.1 M-1 for acrylamide. Quenching of enzyme tryptophan fluorescence resulted in quenching constants of 6 M-1 and 10 M-1 for iodide and acrylamide, respectively. Plasma scans performed on purified enzyme preparations did not reveal the presence of stoichiometric amounts of protein-bound metal ions, and we were unable to detect any protein-associated pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). Data from circular dichroism studies predict a secondary structure of the native protein consisting of 30.5% alpha helix, 40.5% beta sheet, 13.7% turn, and 15.3% random coil. Denaturation of PPO with urea resulted in a biphasic curve when ellipticity is plotted against urea concentration, typical of amphipathic proteins.
Using handhelds for wireless remote control of PCs and appliances (2004)

This article provides an overview of the capabilities that we are developing as part of the Pebbles research project for wireless handheld devices such as mobile phones and palm-size computers like Palm Organizers and PocketPCs. Instead of just being used as a phone or organizer, handheld devices can also be used as remote controls for computers and household and office appliances.
Potentiometric Detector for Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (1991)

The use of a potentiometric microelectrode as an end-column detector in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is described. Uncoated fused silica capillaries with an internal diameter (I. D.) of 25 μm are used. The microelectrode is placed a few micrometers behind the capillary end. Due to its high internal resistance (108–1011 Ω), special devices to decouple the potentiometric detector from the electrophoretic current are not necessary. The composition of the liquid membrane of the microelectrode was especially designed to show a good response for most cations except magnesium, which was used as a background electrolyte. Separations are carried out at potentials ranging from 15 to 20 kV. With this method, alkali and alkali earth metals are successfully separated and directly detected down to concentrations of ca. 10-7–10-8 mol/l.
<i>syn</i>‐ and <i>anti</i>‐Isomers of a <i>O</i>‐Methyloxime‐Substituted Tricyclic Ozonide (2006)

Abstract The ozonolysis of bicyclo[9.4.0]pentadec‐1(11)‐en‐12‐one ( 4 ) in pentane, followed by the treatment of the ozonolysisproduct with O ‐methylhydroxylamine afforded the stable ozonides anti ‐( 8 ) and syn ‐2‐ O ‐methyloxime‐16,17,18‐trioxatricyclo[10.3.2.1]octadecane ( 9 ). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)