gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of ionomycin - a novel diacidic polyether antibiotic having high affinity for calcium ions (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of ionomycin - a novel diacidic polyether antibiotic having high affinity for calcium ionsBarbara K. Toeplitz, Allen I. Cohen, Phillip T. Funke, William L. Parker, and Jack Z. GougoutasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 12, 3344–3353Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00506a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00506a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views365Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Proliferative Somatic Embryogenesis from Zygotic Embryos of Grapevine (1988)

Abstract Zygotic embryos isolated from mature berries of Vitis longii Prince and V. vinifera L. cvs. Chardonnay, French Colombard, Grenache, and White Riesling produced somatic embryos when cultured on solid Nitsch and Nitsch medium. Explants of V. vinifera cv. Pinot noir did not produce somatic embryos. The highest incidence of somatic embryogenesis occurred on medium containing (all in mg·liter −1 ) 1.0 NOA plus 0.2 BAP, except in ‘White Riesling’, where 1.0 NOA plus 1.0 BAP was optimal. Somatic embryos developed asynchronously from a mass of white proembryos and passed through globular, heart, and torpedo-shaped stages. Embryos proliferated by budding at the surface of globular embryos. With regular transfers, embryogenic tissues remained morphogenically competent for up to 1 year. Zygotic embryo explants cultured on medium without growth regulators usually germinated within 10 days and produced healthy seedlings. About 40% of somatic embryos germinated after isolation from their parental cultures and transfer to fresh medium. At the concentrations tested, NAA, BAP, and GA 3 did not improve germination frequency over that obtained with basal medium and, in some cases, severely reduced germination. Plants were established in the greenhouse and no morphological abnormalities were observed. Chemical names used: 6-benzylam-inopurine (BAP); gibberellic acid (GA 3 ); 2-(l-naphthyl)acetic acid (NAA); 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (NOA).
Low-dark current structures for long-wavelength Type-II strained layer superlattice photodiodes (2013)

This paper describes our efforts on the development of low dark current long-wave infrared (LWIR) photodetectors based on type-II InAs/GaSb strained superlattices. By adopting a so-called pBiBn structure, a hybrid between the conventional PIN structure and unipolar barrier concepts, suppressed dark current and near-zero-bias operation are obtained, respectively. The LWIR photodetector has a dark current density as low as 1.42×10<sup>-5</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup> at -60 mV, and<i> R<sub>0</sub>A</i> of 5365 Ωcm<sup>2</sup> at 76 K. The measured peak detectivity at 10.2 µm of 8.7×10<sup>10</sup> cmHz<sup>1/2</sup>W<sup>-1</sup> is obtained at -60 mV at 76 K. To further improve the device performances, a newer design with longer cut-off wavelength targeted for near zero-bias was also realized. This 2-µm-thick device exhibits a quantum efficiency of 20% at 10 µm under zero-bias.
Vinculin-deficient PC12 cell lines extend unstable lamellipodia and filopodia and have a reduced rate of neurite outgrowth. (1994)

We have studied the role of vinculin in regulating integrin-dependent neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells, a neuronal cell line. Vinculin is a cytoskeletal protein believed to mediate interactions between integrins and the actin cytoskeleton. In differentiated PC12 cells, the cell body, the neurite, and the growth cone contain vinculin. Within the growth cone, both the proximal region of "consolidation" and the more distal region consisting of lamellipodia and filopodia contain vinculin. To study the role of vinculin in neurite outgrowth, we generated vinculin-deficient isolates of PC12 cell lines by transfection with vectors expressing antisense vinculin RNA. In some of these cell lines, vinculin levels were reduced to 18-23% of normal levels. In the vinculin-deficient cell lines, neurite outgrowth on laminin was significantly reduced. In time-lapse analysis, growth cones advanced much more slowly than normal. Further analysis indicated that this deficit could be explained in large part by changes in the behaviors of filopodia and lamellipodia. Filopodia were formed in normal numbers, extended at normal rates, and extended to approximately normal lengths, but were much less stable in the vinculin deficient compared to control PC12 cells. Similarly, lamellipodia formed and grew nearly normally, but were dramatically less stable in the vinculin-deficient cells. This can account for the reduction in rate of growth cone advance. These results indicate that interactions between integrins and the actin-based cytoskeleton are necessary for stability of both filopodia and lamellipodia.
Metal catalysed addition of B–H and N–H bonds to aminopropyl vinyl ethers (2000)

The rhodium catalysed addition of pinacolborane to aminopropyl vinyl ethers gave selective formation of the corresponding alkenylboronate esters while palladium or platinum complexes catalysed the hydroamination of aminopropyl vinyl ether to give tetrahydro-2-methyl-1,3-oxazine.
Gait and gait-related activities and fatigue in Parkinson's disease: What is the relationship? (2006)

Evidence of increased fatigue is not supported by evidence of significantly decreased levels of activity in PD subjects. The relationship between activity and fatigue therefore remains unclear, highlighting the complex nature of the relationship between these factors. Further work is required to increase our understanding of the impact of fatigue on gait and gait-related activity so that improved management can be explored.
Computer detection of atrioventricular dissociation from surface electrocardiograms during wide QRS complex tachycardias. (1985)

Differentiation of wide QRS complex tachycardias on surface electrocardiograms is difficult for physicians and computers due in part to their inability to identify atrial activity, specifically atrioventricular (AV) dissociation. We studied 20 examples of AV associated rhythms and 17 examples of AV dissociated ventricular tachycardia. We applied an algorithm consisting of subtraction of a mean beat from each individual beat in leads II and V1 to generate remainder electrocardiograms. The remainder electrocardiograms were visually inspected for the presence of P wave candidates and then autocorrelated. AV dissociated P wave candidates were evident on visual inspection of remainder electrocardiograms in none of 20 AV associated and 15 of 17 AV dissociated rhythms. Atrial cycle length and the presence of AV dissociation were automatically detected by applying a peak selection algorithm to the autocorrelation function. AV association was detected in all 20 AV associated rhythms and AV dissociation was detected for 11 of 17 AV dissociated rhythms (sensitivity 65%, specificity 100%, positive and negative predictive accuracy 100%, 77%). The correlation coefficient of detected vs true atrial cycle length for the 11 correctly detected AV dissociated rhythms was r = .98. Visual inspection of the remainder electrocardiograms along with the original electrocardiogram may increase the ease with which human readers can identify the presence of AV dissociation and thus diagnose ventricular tachycardia. Computer diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardias should be significantly improved by use of this algorithm.
Establishment of a CYP2C19 Genotyping Assay for Clinical Use (2013)

Conversion of clopidogrel (Plavix) to its active metabolite is catalyzed largely by the P450 enzyme 2C19 (CYP2C19). Numerous allelic variants of CYP2C19 exist. The *1 allele is considered wild type, whereas the *2 and *3 alleles have no in vivo enzymatic activity. Conversely, the *17 allele has increased expression, resulting in increased clopidogrel activation. Poor metabolizers (*2/*2 and *2/*3 genotypes) experience higher rates of therapeutic failure. For this reason, we have validated a CYP2C19 genotyping assay for the *1, *2, *3, and *17 alleles. Genomic DNA extracted from 30 deidentified EDTA whole-blood samples from patients was analyzed at 2 independent facilities using specific TaqMan realtime polymerase chain reaction primers and probes. Concordant genotypes were generated on all samples tested. Of the 30 samples, 15 were CYP2C19*1/*1, 8 were CYP2C19*1/*17, 5 were CYP2C19*1/*2, and 2 were CYP2C19*2/*17. There were no CYP2C19*3 alleles or *2/*2 homozygous genotypes detected. This CYP2C19 genotyping assay is appropriate for clinical testing, demonstrating excellent interlaboratory concordance, enabling the selection of the most effective clopidogrel treatment regimen for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
PHAST and RPHAST: phylogenetic analysis with space/time models (2010)

The PHylogenetic Analysis with Space/Time models (PHAST) software package consists of a collection of command-line programs and supporting libraries for comparative genomics. PHAST is best known as the engine behind the Conservation tracks in the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) Genome Browser. However, it also includes several other tools for phylogenetic modeling and functional element identification, as well as utilities for manipulating alignments, trees and genomic annotations. PHAST has been in development since 2002 and has now been downloaded more than 1000 times, but so far it has been released only as provisional ('beta') software. Here, we describe the first official release (v1.0) of PHAST, with improved stability, portability and documentation and several new features. We outline the components of the package and detail recent improvements. In addition, we introduce a new interface to the PHAST libraries from the R statistical computing environment, called RPHAST, and illustrate its use in a series of vignettes. We demonstrate that RPHAST can be particularly useful in applications involving both large-scale phylogenomics and complex statistical analyses. The R interface also makes the PHAST libraries acccessible to non-C programmers, and is useful for rapid prototyping. PHAST v1.0 and RPHAST v1.0 are available for download at http://compgen.bscb.cornell.edu/phast, under the terms of an unrestrictive BSD-style license. RPHAST can also be obtained from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN; http://cran.r-project.org).
Effects of concentration and degree of polymerization on the rheological properties of methylcellulose aqueous solution. (1987)

Rheological studies were carried out on aqueous solutions of five methylcellulose (MC) preparations, with degrees of polymerization (DP) between 330 and 1020. Comparison of the intrinsic viscosity of MC with that of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) of similar DP indicated that MC molecules were relatively compact coils when they were present as isolated coils in dilute solution. However, the Huggins constants (k'1) of MC samples were higher than those of CMC samples, suggesting that intermolecular interaction of MC was larger than that of CMC at low concentration. The second virial coefficients of MC samples in dilute solution, determined by ultracentrifugation analysis, were divided at about DP 500 int two groups, low and high DP samples. A similar tendency was observed in the rheological properties of concentrated MC solution. It is suggested that the increase in DP was accompanied with an increase not only in molecular size but also in intermolecular interaction of MCs in solution. Interesting rheological characteristics were observed in high DP samples, particularly at concentrations higher than a critical concentration. The dynamic viscoelastic behavior of these samples depended significantly on both DP and concentration.
Exploiting signal sparseness for reduced-rate sampling (2009)

The rate at which signals are sampled in their native form (e.g. the ldquotime domainrdquo for many signals of interest) in order to capture all of the information of a signal - the so-called Nyquist rate in traditional sampling - equals one over twice the Fourier bandwidth of the signal. This process exploits knowledge of the finite bandwidth of the signal. Alternatively, if the signal's Fourier spectrum were available, the signal could be sampled in the Fourier domain, and if it were known that some of the Fourier coefficients were negligible, the number of samples required to capture all of the signal's information could be reduced. If it were known that the signal had such a property - called sparseness - in the Fourier domain, would it be possible instead to sample the signal at a reduced rate in its native form while still capturing the signal's information? Moreover, would it be possible to do so without knowing exactly which Fourier coefficients were negligible? In this paper we examine a recently introduced approach called compressive sampling (CS) which attempts to go beyond the exploitation of a signal's finite bandwidth, and exploit signal sparseness to allow signals to be ldquounder sampledrdquo without losing information. We will develop the concept of CS based on signal sparseness and provide a justification for the compressive-sampling process, including an explanation for the need for randomness in the process, and subsequent signal reconstruction from the CS samples. In addition, examples of applications of CS will be provided, along with simulation results.
Thymidine kinase and uridine-cytidine kinase from <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: cloning, characterization, and search for specific inhibitors (2009)

Entamoeba histolytica is an intestinal parasite and the causative agent of amoebiasis, which is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Although anti-amoebic drugs such as metronidazole, emetine, chloroquine and nitazoxanide are generally effective, there is always potential for development of drug resistance. In order to find novel targets to control E. histolytica proliferation we cloned, expressed and purified thymidine kinase (Eh-TK) and uridine-cytidine kinase (Eh-UCK) from E. histolytica. Eh-TK phosphorylates thymidine with a Km of 0.27 microm, whereas Eh-UCK phosphorylates uridine and cytidine with Km of 0.74 and 0.22 mM, respectively. For both enzymes, ATP acts as specific phosphate donor. In order to find alternative treatments of E. histolytica infection we tested numerous nucleoside analogues and related compounds as inhibitors and/or substrates of Eh-TK and Eh-UCK, and active compounds against E. histolytica in cell culture. Our results indicate that inhibitors or alternative substrates of the enzymes, although partially reducing protozoan proliferation, are reversible and not likely to become drugs against E. histolytica infections.
Adobe After Effects CS4 Classroom in a Book (2003)

Creative professionals seeking the fastest, easiest, most comprehensive way to learn Adobe After Effects CS6 choose Adobe After Effects CS6 Classroom in a Book from the Adobe Creative Team at Adobe Press. The 15 project-based lessons in this book show readers step-by-step the key techniques for working in After Effects CS6 and how to work efficiently and deliver in the widest possible range of media types. In addition to learning the key elements of the After Effects interface, this completely revised CS6 edition covers new features, including the Global Performance Cache, 3D Camera Tracker, Ray-traced 3D rendering, variable mask feathering, tight integration with Adobe Illustrator, rolling shutter repair, Pro Import files from Avid Media Composer and Final Cut Pro 7, improved mocha AE workflow, and more. The Classroom in a Book series is by far the best training material on the market. Everything you need to master the software is included: clear explanations of each lesson, step-by-step instructions, and the project files for the students. Barbara Binder, Adobe Certified Instructor, Rocky Mountain Training Classroom in a Book, the best-selling series of hands-on software training workbooks, helps you learn the features of Adobe software quickly and easily. Classroom in a Book offers what no other book or training program doesan official training series from Adobe Systems Incorporated, developed with the support of Adobe product experts.
High quality crystalline ZnO buffer layers on sapphire (001) by pulsed laser deposition for III–V nitrides (1997)

ZnO thin films with near perfect crystallinity have been grown epitaxially on sapphire (001) by pulsed laser deposition technique. The ω-rocking curve full width at half-maximum of the ZnO(002) peak for the films grown at 750 °C, oxygen pressure 10−5 Torr was 0.17°. The high degree of crystallinity was confirmed by ion channeling technique providing a minimum Rutherford backscattering yield of 2%–3% in the near-surface region (∼2000 Å). The atomic force microscopy revealed smooth hexagonal faceting of the ZnO films. It has been possible to deposit epitaxial AlN films of thickness 1000 Å on epi-ZnO/sapphire. Excellent crystalline properties of these epi-ZnO/sapphire heterostructures are, thus, promising for lattice-matched substrates for III–V nitride heteroepitaxy and optoelectronics devices.
Evolution of the microstructure and properties of laser-clad FeCrNiCoB<i><sub>x</sub></i> high-entropy alloy coatings (2016)

FeCrNiCoB x high-entropy alloy coatings were prepared by laser cladding, and the effects of boron addition on the microstructure, hardness and corrosion resistance of the coatings were studied. Results showed that the coatings comprised a simple FCC solid solution with boride precipitation. When 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.0, (Cr, Fe) 2 B with an orthorhombic structure was found in the coatings, and the hardness and corrosion resistance of the coatings were enhanced by increasing boron content. As x approached 1.25, the borides changed from orthorhombic (Cr, Fe) 2 B to tetragonal (Fe, Cr) 2 B, which deteriorated the corrosion resistance of the coatings. Stacking faults found in (Cr, Fe) 2 B may be caused by the phase transformation of borides.
Efficient and Scalable IoT Service Delivery on Cloud (2013)

Nowadays, IoT services are typically delivered as physically isolated vertical solutions, in which all system components ranging from sensory devices to applications are customized and tightly coupled for the requirements of each specific project. The efficiency and scalability of such service delivery model are intrinsically limited, posing significant challenges to IoT solution providers. Therefore, we propose a novel PaaS framework that provides essential platform services for IoT solution providers to efficiently deliver and continuously extend their services. This paper first introduces the IoT PaaS architecture, on which IoT solutions can be delivered as virtual verticals by leveraging computing resources and middleware services on cloud. Then we present the detailed mechanism and implementation of domain mediation, which helps solution providers to efficiently provide domain-specific control applications. The proposed approaches are demonstrated through the implementation of a domain mediator for building management and two use cases using the mediator.
The chemistry of benzotriazole. A novel method for the synthesis of symmetrical vicinal tertiary and secondary diamines (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe chemistry of benzotriazole. A novel method for the synthesis of symmetrical vicinal tertiary and secondary diaminesAlan R. Katritzky, Weiqiang Fan, and Cong FuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 10, 3209–3213Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00297a042Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1292Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (617 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Tanreqing Injection for Pulmonary Infection in Patients with Tuberculosis: A Meta-Analysis (2018)

TRQ may have the same overall efficacy as antibiotics in pulmonary infection in patients with TB. TRQ plus antibiotics may improve the clinical efficacy. TRQ may have synergistic effect to antibiotics through bacteriostatic activity and eliminating inflammatory mediators. Its antibacterial activity may be better than some antibiotics and does not increase adverse drug reaction. But all these need new evidences for further investigation.
Intravenous Immunoglobulins: Pharmacological Aspects and Therapeutic Use (1986)

The requirements for a present-day IVIG preparation are outlined. These are mainly: fully preserved activities of the recognition and effector functions of the IgG molecule, a normal subclass distribution, and a normal half-life after infusion. The therapeutic uses of IVIG preparations are discussed as follows: Antibody substitution in cases of generalized or partial antibody deficiency in immune-compromised patients. These include the following diseases: hypogammaglobulinemia (congenital and acquired, including the neonates); drug-induced and viral immunosuppression. Antibody substitution in cases of selective antibody deficiency in otherwise immune-competent patients. These include acute cases of consumptive antibody deficiencies of the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction type; in particular, chronic inflammations which apparently involve ineffective immune responses in which the organism is unable to build up sufficient amounts of antibodies with the required partial specificity, which is indispensable for overcoming the disease. Modulation of the immune system by Ig-Ig interactions (mainly idiotype-anti-idiotype interactions) and Ig-Fc-receptor interactions, as it is known from the RES blockade during IVIG treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.