gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF INSULIN AND SOMATOTROPHIN ON THE GROWTH OF HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS (1957)

Growth induced by exogenous insulin in hypophysectomized rats on an unrestricted diet is similar to that stimulated by somatotrophin. Both hormones promote skeletal growth and produce an increase in weight that is due to an increase in total body protein, fat, and water. However, insulin-treated animals consume more food, produce more fat, retain less water, and exhibit less skeletal growth than comparable rats treated with somatotrophin. Insulin and somatotrophin promote the synthesis of similar amounts of protein under our experimental conditions. Insulin-induced growth is enhanced and the disproportionate increase in fat is prevented by the simultaneous administration of somatotrophin. Insulin cannot stimulate protein anabolism in hypophysectomized rats restricted to the amount of food consumed prior to treatment. When the insulin-treated animals are allowed to consume glucose in addition to their basal ration there is a marked increase in the amount of ingested nitrogen retained. A comparable reduction in nitrogen excretion cannot be achieved when the carbohydrate supplement is replaced by fat. The results also indicate that under the experimental conditions described, the protein sparing action of glucose is dependent upon an adequate supply of insulin.
Osteopontin is Increased in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Its Levels Correlate with Cognitive Decline (2010)

Inflammation is believed to play a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Osteopontin (OPN) is a molecule involved in macrophage recruitment and activation and implicated in neurodegeneration. In order to elucidate the role of OPN in AD, we evaluated its levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 67 AD patients, 46 frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients, and 69 controls. We found that OPN levels: i) are significantly increased in the CSF of AD patients; ii) correlate with MMSE score; and iii) are higher in the early disease phases ( 2 years). These findings support a role of OPN in AD pathogenesis.
Quantification of regional cerebral blood flow and volume with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imaging. (1994)

Preliminary data demonstrate that the proposed technique allows the quantification of rCBF and rCBV. Although the results are in good agreement with data from positron emission tomography studies, further evaluation is needed to establish the validity of method.
Experimental Joint Weak Measurement on a Photon Pair as a Probe of Hardy’s Paradox (2009)

It has been proposed that the ability to perform joint weak measurements on postselected systems would allow us to study quantum paradoxes. These measurements can investigate the history of those particles that contribute to the paradoxical outcome. Here we experimentally perform weak measurements of joint (i.e., nonlocal) observables. In an implementation of Hardy's paradox, we weakly measure the locations of two photons, the subject of the conflicting statements behind the paradox. Remarkably, the resulting weak probabilities verify all of these statements but, at the same time, resolve the paradox.
SAFE HANDLING OF SOLVENTS IN CENTRIFUGE OPERATIONS (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSAFE HANDLING OF SOLVENTS IN CENTRIFUGE OPERATIONSEugene B. PriceCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1970, 62, 1, 48–52Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50721a008Request reuse permissionsArticle Views901Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts
Order batching and sequencing problem under the pick-and-sort strategy in online supermarkets (2018)

The order picking and sorting-packing processes are important warehouses operations in online supermarkets under the pick-and-sort batch picking strategy. The buffer areas in the middle of these two processes play a buffering role, but the buffer size is limited because of storage facilities and finite room. Due to the differences between different batches, there may be too many batches blocking in the limited buffer areas which causes the stagnation of the picking process, or no batch in the buffer areas which causes the idleness of the sorting-packing process. This paper studies the order batching and sequencing problem with limited buffers with the objective of minimizing the total time of two processes for a given set of orders. We solve the problem with a modified seed algorithm.
A yeast heat shock transcription factor (Hsf1) mutant is defective in both Hsc82/Hsp82 synthesis and spindle pole body duplication (1997)

Cdc28 is a cyclin-dependent protein kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is required for the G1/S and G2/M transitions of the cell division cycle. All previously described cdc28 mutants aside from cdc28-1N arrest division specifically in the G1 phase. cdc28-1N arrests division in G2/mitosis. We show here that the cdc28-109 mutant exhibits a mixed cell division arrest at 37 degrees C with cells in both the G1 and G2 phases. In order to identify proteins that functionally interact with Cdc28, we isolated mutants that are colethal with cdc28-109 at its permissive temperature. We describe here our phenotypic analysis of two such mutants, hsf1-82 and ydj1-10, that affect the heat shock transcription factor and a yeast dnaj-like protein chaperone, respectively. hsf1-82 and ydj1-10 temperature-sensitive mutants arrest the cell division cycle at several stages. However, one predominant class of cells in both mutants was arrested with a large bud and a single vertex of microtubules. Electron microscopic analysis of such hsf1-82 cells showed that they contained an unduplicated spindle pole body with an enlarged half-bridge. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of total cell proteins revealed that the hsf1-82 cells were specifically defective in the expression of the Hsc82 and Hsp82 proteins. Furthermore, the hsf1-82 mutation was suppressed by the HSC82 gene on a multicopy plasmid that restored Hsc82 protein to high levels in these cells. These results show that Hsf1 is required for spindle pole body duplication at 37 degrees C.
Rapid detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (2011)

The usefulness of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for the rapid diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA was evaluated. This assay showed higher sensitivities than that of nested RT-PCR, with a detection limit of 600 IU mL(-1) , and no cross-reactivity was observed with hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis E virus. Furthermore, 106 stored sera from recently diagnosed cases were retrospectively investigated with real-time RT-PCR, the nested RT-PCR, in parallel with this new assay. The general detection rates of HCV RT-LAMP, real-time PCR and the nested RT-PCR for 106 stored sera samples were 95%, 96% and 88%, respectively. This study provides the first data on the usefulness of HCV RT-LAMP in the diagnosis of HCV RNA, especially in the early clinical diagnosis of acute HCV infection.
Multibeam Pillbox Antenna With Low Sidelobe Level and High-Beam Crossover in SIW Technology Using the Split Aperture Decoupling Method (2015)

A novel dual-layer multibeam pillbox antenna with a slotted waveguide radiating part in substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is proposed. In contrast to previous works, the design goal is to have a multibeam antenna with arbitrary low sidelobes and at the same time a high crossing level between adjacent radiated beams. These two constraints cannot be satisfied simultaneously for any passive and lossless multibeam antenna systems with a single radiating aperture due to beam orthogonality. Here, this limitation is overcome using the “split aperture decoupling” method which consists in using two radiating apertures. Each aperture is associated with a pillbox quasi-optical system with several integrated feed horns in its focal plane so as to steer the main beam in the azimuthal plane. The antenna operates at 24.15 GHz and presents very good scanning performance over an angular sector of ±40°, with a good agreement between full-wave simulations and measurements. The crossover level between adjacent beams is about -3 dB with a sidelobe level lower than -24 dB for the central beam and better than -11 dB for the extreme beam positions. The isolation between feed horns in the same pillbox system is better than 20 dB.
Lipopolysaccharide Stimulates the MyD88-Independent Pathway and Results in Activation of IFN-Regulatory Factor 3 and the Expression of a Subset of Lipopolysaccharide-Inducible Genes (2001)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers innate immune responses through Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, a member of the TLR family that participates in pathogen recognition. TLRs recruit a cytoplasmic protein, MyD88, upon pathogen recognition, mediating its function for immune responses. Two major pathways for LPS have been suggested in recent studies, which are referred to as MyD88-dependent and -independent pathways. We report in this study the characterization of the MyD88-independent pathway via TLR4. MyD88-deficient cells failed to produce inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS, whereas they responded to LPS by activating IFN-regulatory factor 3 as well as inducing the genes containing IFN-stimulated regulatory elements such as IP-10. In contrast, a lipopeptide that activates TLR2 had no ability to activate IFN-regulatory factor 3. The MyD88-independent pathway was also activated in cells lacking both MyD88 and TNFR-associated factor 6. Thus, TLR4 signaling is composed of at least two distinct pathways, a MyD88-dependent pathway that is critical to the induction of inflammatory cytokines and a MyD88/TNFR-associated factor 6-independent pathway that regulates induction of IP-10.
Hydrogen Sulfide Measurement by Headspace-gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (HS-GC-MS): Application to Gaseous Samples and Gas Dissolved in Muscle (2014)

The aim of our study was to present a new headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) method applicable to the routine determination of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) concentrations in biological and gaseous samples. The primary analytical drawback of the GC/MS methods for H(2)S measurement discussed in the literature was the absence of a specific H(2)S internal standard required to perform quantification. Although a deuterated hydrogen sulfide (D(2)S) standard is currently available, this standard is not often used because this standard is expensive and is only available in the gas phase. As an alternative approach, D(2)S can be generated in situ by reacting deuterated chloride with sodium sulfide; however, this technique can lead to low recovery yield and potential isotopic fractionation. Therefore, N(2)O was chosen for use as an internal standard. This method allows precise measurements of H(2)S concentrations in biological and gaseous samples. Therefore, a full validation using accuracy profile based on the β-expectation tolerance interval is presented. Finally, this method was applied to quantify H(2)S in an actual case of H(2)S fatal intoxication.
Cardiogenic oscillation phase relationships during single-breath tests performed in microgravity (1998)

We studied the phase relationships of the cardiogenic oscillations in the phase III portion of single-breath washouts (SBW) in normal gravity (1 G) and in sustained microgravity (microG). The SBW consisted of a vital capacity inspiration of 5% He-1.25% sulfurhexafluoride-balance O2, preceded at residual volume by a 150-ml Ar bolus. Pairs of gas signals, all of which still showed cardiogenic oscillations, were cross-correlated, and their phase difference was expressed as an angle. Phase relationships between inspired gases (e.g., He) and resident gas (n2) showed no change from 1 G (211 +/- 9 degrees) to microG (163 +/- 7 degrees). Ar bolus and He were unaltered between 1 G (173 +/- 15 degrees) and microG (211 +/- 25 degrees), showing that airway closure in microG remains in regions of high specific ventilation and suggesting that airway closure results from lung regions reaching low regional volume near residual volume. In contrast, CO2 reversed phase with He between 1 G (332 +/- 6 degrees) and microG (263 +/- 27 degrees), strongly suggesting that, in microG, areas of high ventilation are associated with high ventilation-perfusion ratio (VA/Q). This widening of the range of VA/Q in microG may explain previous measurements (G.K. Prisk, A.R. Elliott, H.J.B. Guy, J.M. Kosonen, and J.B. West J. Appl. Physiol. 79: 1290-1298, 1995) of an overall unaltered range of VA/Q in microG, despite more homogeneous distributions of both ventilation and perfusion.
Are globoseries glycosphingolipids SSEA-3 and -4 markers for stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood? (2010)

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an efficient and valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for transplantation. In addition to HSCs it harbours low amounts of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). No single marker to identify cord blood-derived stem cells, or to indicate their multipotent phenotype, has been characterized so far. SSEA-3 and -4 are cell surface globoseries glycosphingolipid epitopes that are commonly used as markers for human embryonic stem cells, where SSEA-3 rapidly disappears when the cells start to differentiate. Lately SSEA-3 and -4 have also been observed in MSCs. As there is an ongoing discussion and variation of stem-cell markers between laboratories, we have now comprehensively characterized the expression of these epitopes in both the multipotent stem-cell types derived from UCB. We have performed complementary analysis using gene expression analysis, mass spectrometry and immunochemical methods, including both flow cytometry and immunofluoresence microscopy. SSEA-4, but not SSEA-3, was expressed on MSCs but absent from HSCs. Our findings indicate that SSEA-3 and/or -4 may not be optimal markers for multipotency in the case of stem cells derived from cord blood, as their expression may be altered by cell-culture conditions.
Packet suppression protocol for a regional protection system using a wireless ad-hoc network (2009)

We are currently developing a regional protection system in which children have terminals, and transponders installed at various locations receive packets sent from these terminals via a specified low-power radio system. The packets are then transmitted to a server so the positions of the children can be inferred from that information. With the ARIB STD-T67 access protocol used in this system, collisions frequently occur at locations where there are many terminals. Therefore, the authors improved a protocol in which frequent collisions do not occur, even when as many as 150 terminals gather in the same place. However, it was impossible to prevent frequent collisions when many terminals are concentrated in one place, such as in a school. A new access protocol was developed in this research to deal with this problem. In this protocol, transmission by terminals is suppressed at specific locations, and then resumed after the terminal moves away from those locations. However, the position of a terminal must not be lost when its transmission is being restricted. In this presentation, we propose this new access protocol, and evaluate its effectiveness.
Rapid detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in clinical samples by the polymerase chain reaction (1993)

A DNA amplification method was used to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae in clinical samples. M. pneumoniae 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences were selected as the amplification target region. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with purified DNA fragments as templates yielded an expected 88-bp fragment from M. pneumoniae but not from other Mycoplasma spp. nor from any of the other bacteria assayed. With this method, the 88-bp product specific for M. pneumoniae could be obtained from a minimum of 0.05 pg of M. pneumoniae DNA. Subsequently this PCR technique was used for the detection of M. pneumoniae in throat-swab samples. Twenty-two of 30 culture-positive clinical samples gave positive results in the PCR test. Thirty-two culture-negative clinical samples and 33 samples from healthy volunteers, of which only one was culture-positive, gave negative results in the same PCR test. This PCR method is useful for the direct detection of M. pneumoniae in clinical samples.
Ferro- and antiferromagnetic exchange coupling in magnetooptical bilayers with planar and perpendicular anisotropy (1995)

Macroscopic ferro- (F) and antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange couplings -A/sub 12/M/sub 1/.M/sub 2/ between a planar GdFeCo film 1 and a perpendicular anisotropy DyFeCo film 2 have been investigated from the magnetization processes of the bilayer as observed from Faraday rotation measurements. Whatever the F or AF coupling, the microscopic exchange interaction between the rare-earths and the transition metals at the interface induces mutual effects with a reduction of the coercivity H/sub C2/ and the squareness M/sub r2//M/sub s2/ of the "perpendicular" layer and a reduction of the saturation field H/sub s1/, but an increase of the coercivity H/sub C1/ of the planar layer. Experiments performed in single planar and perpendicular layers and in both pseudo F and AF bilayers are in agreement with our theoretical model which enables deduction of the macroscopic exchange constant A/sub 12/.
A novel approach to real time multimedia forwarding over heterogeneous networks (2004)

The Internet today is a heterogeneous network, and its bi-directional connectivity property is impaired by various network agents, such as Network Address Translators (NAT) and HTTP proxy servers. With the rapid growth of the Internet, users are increasingly seeking real-time video communication services which mostly require bi-directional connections. To meet this requirement, we propose a novel approach for transmitting real-time multimedia data over heterogeneous networks. The key idea is to design a multimedia gateway to forward audio/video streams between clients in different types of networks. This paper describes the methods for bi-directional communications between various network hosts, and introduces a multimedia gateway prototype. Experiments show that real-time video communication can work well with the proposed gateway in heterogeneous environments. The proposed approach is very suitable for corporate intranet users and Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) users.
Vinculin knockout results in heart and brain defects during embryonic development (1998)

The vinculin gene codes for a cytoskeletal protein, found in focal adhesion plaques and in cell-cell adherens junctions. Vinculin was inactivated by homologous recombination using a targeting vector in embryonic stem (ES) cells. The heterozygous ES cells were introduced into mice by established procedures to produce heterozygous animals that were normal and fertile. No homozygous vinculin-/- embryos were born and analyses during the gestational period showed that the vinculin null embryos were small and abnormal from day E8 but some survived until E10. The most prominent defect was lack of midline fusion of the rostral neural tube, producing a cranial bilobular appearance and attenuation of cranial and spinal nerve development. Heart development was curtailed at E9.5, with severely reduced and akinetic myocardial and endocardial structures. Mutant embryos were 30-40% smaller, somites and limbs were retarded and ectodermal tissues were sparse and fragile. Fibroblasts (MEF) isolated from mutant embryos were shown to have reduced adhesion to fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin and collagen compared to wild-type levels. In addition, migration rates over these substrata were two-fold higher and the level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity was three-fold higher. We conclude that vinculin is necessary for normal embryonic development, probably because of its role in the regulation of cell adhesion and locomotion, cell behaviors essential for normal embryonic morphogenesis, although specific roles in neural and cardiac development cannot be ruled out.
N‐Terminal Sequence and Main Characteristics of Atlantic Salmon ( <i>Salmo salar</i> ) Albumin (2005)

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) serum albumin was purified from plasma and its N-terminal sequence determined. Atlantic salmon albumin is the predominant plasma protein, negatively charged, at pH 8.6. Albumin was purified to >95% purity which yielded a single band on SDS-PAGE and agarose gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the purified albumin was approximately 6,5 kDa. The N-terminal sequence of Atlantic chinook salmon albumin was consistent with that predicted from its previously determined cDNA sequence and was identical to that of salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) albumin through the first 15 residues. However, the fact that the actual N-terminus was different from that predicted from cDNA sequence indicates that Atlantic salmon albumin, like chinook salmon albumin, lacks a propeptide.
Antibodies against Venom of the Snake Deinagkistrodon acutus (2015)

Snake venom protein from Deinagkistrodon acutus (DA protein), one of the major venomous species in Taiwan, causes hemorrhagic symptoms that can lead to death. Although horse-derived antivenin is a major treatment, relatively strong and detrimental side effects are seen occasionally. In our study, yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) was purified from eggs, and DA protein was recognized using Western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), similar to therapeutic horse antivenin. The ELISA also indicated that specific IgY antibodies were elicited after the fifth booster, plateaued, and lasted for at least 3 months. To generate monoclonal single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies, we used phage display technology to construct two libraries with short or long linkers, containing 6.24 × 10(8) and 5.28 × 10(8) transformants, respectively. After four rounds of biopanning, the eluted phage titer increased, and the phage-based ELISA indicated that the specific clones were enriched. Nucleotide sequences of 30 individual clones expressing scFv were analyzed and classified into four groups that all specifically recognized the DA venom protein. Furthermore, based on mass spectrometry, the scFv-bound protein was deduced to be snake venom metalloproteinase proteins. Most importantly, both IgY and mixed scFv inhibited the lethal effect in mice injected with the minimum lethal dosage of the DA protein. We suggest that together, these antibodies could be applied to the development of diagnostic agents or treatments for snakebite envenomation in the future.