gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrate Conjugates for Molecular Imaging and Radiotherapy:  <sup>99m</sup>Tc(I) and <sup>186</sup>Re(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes of <i>N</i>-(2‘-Hydroxybenzyl)-2-amino-2-deoxy-<scp>d</scp>-glucose (2004)

An approach to a new class of potential radiopharmaceuticals is demonstrated by the labeling of a glucosamine derivative with the tricarbonyls of 99mTc and 186Re. The proligand HL2 (N-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) was produced by hydrogenation of the corresponding Schiff base and reacted with [NEt4]2[Re(CO)3Br3] to form the neutral complex [(L2)Re(CO)3] in 40% yield. 1H and 13C NMR spectra indicate that the [Re(CO)3] core is bound in a tridentate fashion via the amino N, phenolato O, and C-3 hydroxyl O atoms of the ligand. At the tracer-level, labeling of HL2 with [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ and [186Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ was achieved in aqueous conditions in 95 +/- 2% and 94 +/- 3% average radiochemical yields, respectively.
Replacing hardware that thinks (especially about parallelism) with a very smart compiler (1988)

There is a tradeoff that touches many areas of computing: doing work at run time, usually in the hardware, vs. doing work in software at compile time. This tradeoff exists in some very visible and other not as visible places in any computer system. One surprising place in which it has a large effect is in the specification of fine-grained parallelism. The author examines that tradeoff, particularly in the light of VLIW architectures. VLIWs are very parallel new machines that take the software alternative to the extreme. They are the flip side of dataflow architectures, finding the same individual operation level of parallelism, but dataflow's opposite along the axis represented by the above tradeoff. In the past year, surprisingly successful general-purpose computers have been built from VLIW technology. >
Particle size determination by quasielastic light scattering (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTParticle Size Determination by Quasielastic Light ScatteringMichael L. McConnellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 8, 1007A–1018APublication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online25 May 2012Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00231a799https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00231a799research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In-Depth Mechanistic Study on the Formation of Acrylamide and Other Vinylogous Compounds by the Maillard Reaction (2004)

The formation of acrylamide was studied in low-moisture Maillard model systems (180 degrees C, 5 min) based on asparagine, reducing sugars, Maillard intermediates, and sugar degradation products. We show evidence that certain glycoconjugates play a major role in acrylamide formation. The N-glycosyl of asparagine generated about 2.4 mmol/mol acrylamide, compared to 0.1-0.2 mmol/mol obtained with alpha-dicarbonyls and the Amadori compound of asparagine. 3-Hydroxypropanamide, the Strecker alcohol of asparagine, generated only low amounts of acrylamide ( approximately 0.23 mmol/mol), while hydroxyacetone increased the acrylamide yields to more than 4 mmol/mol, indicating that alpha-hydroxy carbonyls are much more efficient than alpha-dicarbonyls in converting asparagine into acrylamide. The experimental results are consistent with the reaction mechanism based on (i) a Strecker type degradation of the Schiff base leading to azomethine ylides, followed by (ii) a beta-elimination reaction of the decarboxylated Amadori compound to afford acrylamide. The beta-position on both sides of the nitrogen atom is crucial. Rearrangement of the azomethine ylide to the decarboxylated Amadori compound is the key step, which is favored if the carbonyl moiety contains a hydroxyl group in beta-position to the nitrogen atom. The beta-elimination step in the amino acid moiety was demonstrated by reacting under low moisture conditions decarboxylated model Amadori compounds obtained by synthesis. The corresponding vinylogous compounds were only generated if a beta-proton was available, for example, styrene from the decarboxylated Amadori compound of phenylalanine. Therefore, it is suggested that this thermal pathway may be common to other amino acids, resulting under certain conditions in their respective vinylogous reaction products.
Silver(I) Phenoxyalkanoates: The Crystal and Molecular-Structures of <i>catena</i> -[Bis-μ-(phenoxyacetato-O,O')-disilver(I)] and Bis[bis-μ-(4-fluoro-phenoxyacetato-O,O')-bis{aquasilver(I)}] (1990)

The crystal structures of the silver(I) complexes with phenoxyacetic acid and 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid, catena-[ bis-µ-(phenoxyacetato-O,O')- disiver (I)] (1) and bis [ bis-µ(4-fluorophenoxyacetato-O,O')-{ aquasilver (I)}] (2) have been determined and refined to residuals R 0.068 and 0.036 respectively for 1783 and 2549 observed reflections. Both structures are based on similar bis ( carboxylato -O,O') bridged dimers with Ag-Ag 2.866(2)? (1) and 2.836(2)? (2). However, (1) forms a step polymer through terminal oxygens [Ag-O 2.417, 2.443(9)?], while (2) is a discrete centrosymmetric tetramer with a water molecule on each of the four silver atoms [Ag- Ow 2.499(4)?], and an Ag-O bridge distance of 2.498(4)?. This results in triangular coordination about one silver and tetrahedral about the second. Experimental data indicate that anhydrous silver(I) 4-chlorophenoxyacetate (3) is similar to complex (1).
Surface-Modified Nanotube Anodes for High Performance Organic Light-Emitting Diode (2009)

In this work, we reported high performance OLED devices with transparent and conductive carbon nanotube anodes after modification. The modifications include IMRE proprietary PEDOT:PSS composite top coating (PS(C)), concentrated HNO(3) acid soaking, and polymer encapsulation. For PS(C)-modified nanotube thin film anode, we achieved maximum luminescence of approximately 9000 cd/m(2), close to ITO-based OLED device performance, and high efficiency of approximately 10 cd/A, similar with ITO-based OLED device. The performance is approximately 30 to 450 times better than that achieved for OLED devices using CNT anodes by others. In addition, we also investigate the mechanical property, work function, sheet resistance, and surface morphology of modified carbon nanotube thin-film anodes.
Alternative Copper(II) catalysts for gold leaching: Use of multidentate ligands to control thiosulfate oxidation (2003)

In the thiosulfate gold leaching process, thiosulfate is used to complex gold following electrocatalytic oxidation of the native metal by Cu(II)-ammines. Unfortunately, Cu(II) complexes also catalyse the undesirable conversion of thiosulfate to polythionates. We have been seeking alternatives to ammonia, which fulfil the role of ammonia but minimize thiosulfate decomposition. One aspect of these studies has involved the determination of the rate of thiosulfate oxidation by the Cu(II) complexes from UV-Visible spectral changes. Various ligand classes, including pyridyls, polyamines, aminocarboxylates and picolinates, have been tested and the majority found to inhibit thiosulfate decomposition. Interesting variations in reactivity with the nature and denticity of the ligand and L/M ratio have been observed. In the case of open chain polyamine ligands with 2 to 5 nitrogen donors, the rate of thiosulfate oxidation was generally found to decrease with the denticity and the concentration of each ligand. Saturation of the Cu(II) coordination sphere appears to inhibit the oxidation of thiosulfate when excess thiosulfate is present. The Cu(II) complex of the branched polyamine ligand, tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren) exhibits this behaviour in excess thiosulfate. Interestingly, when the [Cu(tren)(OH2)]2+ complex is in excess oxidation of thiosulfate was observed. This unexpected finding prompted a spectrophotometric study of this reaction which has revealed that the oxidation of thiosulfate involves several processes, two of which involve the formation and decay of a tetrathionate radical.
p38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Controls Two Successive-Steps During the Early Mesodermal Commitment of Embryonic Stem Cells (2010)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiate in vitro into all cell lineages. We previously found that the p38 mitogen activated kinase (p38MAPK) pathway controls the commitment of ES cells toward either cardiomyogenesis (p38 on) or neurogenesis (p38 off ). In this study, we show that p38α knock-out ES cells do not differentiate into cardiac, endothelial, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle lineages. Reexpression of p38MAPK in these cells partially rescues their mesodermal differentiation defects and corrects the high level of spontaneous neurogenesis of knock-out cells. Wild-type ES cells were treated with a p38MAPK-specific inhibitor during the differentiation process. These experiments allowed us to identify 2 early independent successive p38MAPK functions in the formation of mesodermal lineages. Further, the first one correlates with the regulation of the expression of Brachyury, an essential mesodermal-specific transcription factor, by p38MAPK. In conclusion, by genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that p38MAPK activity is essential for the commitment of ES cell into cardiac, endothelial, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle mesodermal lineages.
Attomolar Detection of Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinin Human H1 and Avian H5 Using Glycan-Blotted Field Effect Transistor Biosensor (2013)

Influenza virus, through cell invasion and propagation with the interaction between hemagglutinin (HA) present on its surface and glycans on the host cell, causes a rapidly spreading infection throughout the world. In the present investigation, we succeeded for the first time in the attomolar-level sensing and discrimination of influenza A viral HA molecules H1 and H5 by using a glycan-immobilized field effect transistor (FET) biosensor. The small ligand glycans immobilized on the FET device, which make effective use of the charge-detectable region for FET-based detection in terms of Debye length, gave an advantage in the highly sensitive detection of the proteins. Two kinds of trisaccharides receptors terminating in sialic acid-α2,6-galactose (6'-sialyllactose) and in sialic acid-α2,3-galactose (3'-sialyllactose) were conjugated directly with the SiO2 surface of FET devices by a simple glycoblotting method using the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of aminooxy terminated silane-coupling reagent, 3-aminooxypropyltriethoxysilane. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the FETs with densely immobilized glycans, which possess the high capture ability by achieving the glycoside cluster effect, clearly distinguish HA molecules between their subtypes H1 (human) and H5 (avian) at the attomolar level, while the conventional method based on HA antibodies achieves only picomolar-level detection. Our findings indicate that the glycan-immobilized FET is a promising device to detect various pathogenic bacteria and viruses through glycan-protein interaction found ubiquitously in many infectious diseases.
IEEE 802.11ad-Based Radar: An Approach to Joint Vehicular Communication-Radar System (2017)

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar is widely used in vehicles for applications such as adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance. In this paper, we propose an IEEE 802.11ad-based radar for long-range radar (LRR) applications at the 60 GHz unlicensed band. We exploit the preamble of a single-carrier physical layer frame, which consists of Golay complementary sequences with good correlation properties that make it suitable for radar. This system enables a joint waveform for automotive radar and a potential mmWave vehicular communication system based on the mmWave consumer wireless local area network standard, allowing hardware reuse. To formulate an integrated framework of vehicle-to-vehicle communication and LRR, we make typical assumptions for LRR applications, incorporating the full duplex radar operation. This new feature is motivated by the recent development of systems with sufficient isolation and self-interference cancellation. We develop single- and multi-frame radar receiver algorithms for target detection as well as range and velocity estimation for both single- and multi-target scenarios. Our proposed radar processing algorithms leverage channel estimation and time-frequency synchronization techniques used in a conventional IEEE 802.11ad receiver with minimal modifications. Analysis and simulations show that in a single-target scenario, a gigabits-per-second data rate is achieved simultaneously with cm-level range accuracy and cm/s-level velocity accuracy. The target vehicle is detected with a high probability (above 99.99$\%$) at a low false alarm rate of 10$^{-6}$ for an equivalent isotropically radiated power of 40 dBm up to a vehicle separation distance of about 200 m. The proposed IEEE 802.11ad-based radar meets the minimum accuracy/resolution requirement of range and velocity estimates for LRR applications.
Characteristics of Denitrifying Phosphate Accumulating Organisms in an Anaerobic-Intermittently Aerobic Process (2006)

The anaerobic-intermittently aerobic (AIA) process was operated for the enhanced biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal over 2 years. A bench-scale AIA reactor operated in a continuous-flow anaerobic and alternating anoxic–aerobic mode was demonstrated to accomplish nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. Under the anaerobic zone, carbon source was taken up, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) were formed, and accomplished phosphorus release. The simultaneous phosphate uptake and denitrification by the denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms (DePAOs) was observed even though the PHAs in cells were oxidized in the aerobic phase before the anoxic phase. Ammonium was oxidized to nitrate under the aerobic phase, and nitrate was reduced to nitrogen gas under the anoxic phase. As the nitrate concentration increased, phosphate uptake rate and denitrification rate decreased, whereas the release of phosphate was accelerated with the addition of the external carbon source. The secondary phosphate release was not associated with the nitrate concentration, but was significantly related to the remained PHA concentration. The fraction of DePAOs among the entire phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) population was about 60% in the AIA reactor. Results from the fluorescent in situ hybridization confirmed that Rhodocyclus sp. was abundant in the AIA process, and Rhodocyclus-like organisms played major roles in the simultaneous phosphate uptake and denitrification under the anoxic condition, indicating the phosphate uptake under the anoxic phase was relatively slower than that under the aerobic phase.
Microdischarge devices fabricated in silicon (1997)

Cylindrical microdischarge cavities 200–400 μm in diameter and 0.5–5 mm in depth have been fabricated in silicon and operated at room temperature with neon or nitrogen at specific power loadings beyond 10 kW/cm3. The discharges are azimuthally uniform and stable operation at N2 and Ne pressures exceeding 1 atm and ∼600 Torr, respectively, has been realized for 400 μm diameter devices. Spectroscopic measurements on neon discharges demonstrate that the device behaves as a hollow cathode discharge for pressures &gt;50 Torr. As evidenced by emission from Ne and Ne+ (2P,2F) states as well as N2 (C→B) fluorescence (316–492 nm), these discharge devices are intense sources of ultraviolet and visible radiation and are suitable for fabrication as arrays.
Amperometric Biosensor for Hydrogen Peroxide, Using Supramolecularly Immobilized Horseradish Peroxidase on the β‐Cyclodextrin‐Coated Gold Electrode (2007)

Abstract Horseradish peroxidase, previously modified with 1‐adamantane moieties, was supramolecularly immobilized on gold electrodes coated with perthiolated β‐cyclodextrin. The functionalized electrode was employed for the construction of an amperometric biosensor device for hydrogen peroxide using 1 mM hydroquinone as electrochemical mediator. The biosensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (6 s) and a good linear response toward H 2 O 2 concentration between 12 μM and 450 μM. The biosensor showed a sensitivity of 1.02 mA/M cm 2 , and a very low detection limit of 5 μM. The electrode retained 97% of its initial electrocatalytic activity after 30 days of storage at 4 0 C in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0.
Increased Concentrations of Synovial-Type Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> in Serum and Pulmonary and Renal Complications in Acute Pancreatitis (1992)

The most important fatal complications of acute pancreatitis are respiratory dysfunction and anuria. Phospholipase A2 has been postulated to be associated with pathologies of various diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, septic shock and multiple injuries. We have recently developed immunoassays for the measurement of pancreatic and nonpancreatic synovial-type phospholipase A2. The present prospective study on 35 consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis indicated that the concentration of synovial-type phospholipase A2, the catalytic activity of phospholipase A2 and the concentration of C-reactive protein in serum were significantly higher in those patients suffering from acute pancreatitis who needed respirator treatment than in those who managed with spontaneous breathing, while there was no difference between these groups in the concentration of pancreatic phospholipase A2. The only significant difference between patients whose highest creatinine concentration rose up to 140 mumol/l and those whose highest creatinine concentration remained below this cutoff value was in their synovial-type phospholipase A2 values. The increased concentration of nonpancreatic synovial-type phospholipase A2 in serum was associated with pulmonary and renal complications. These results emphasize the role of synovial-type phospholipase A2 in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis.
Tenascin‐C regulates angiogenesis in tumor through the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression (2003)

In order to verify whether tenascin-C (TN-C) is involved in angiogenesis as an extracellular signal molecule during tumorigenesis, cancerous cell transplantation experiments and coculture experiments were carried out, focusing on the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The A375 human melanoma cells introduced the GFP gene (A375-GFP), implanted subcutaneously into BALB/cA nude (WT) and TN-C knockout BALB/cA nude (TNKO) congenic mice. Furthermore, coculture experiments between A375-GFP and embryonic mesenchyme, which was prepared from both genotypes, were carried out to investigate the molecular mechanism in the cell-cell interactions. Both the content of TN-C and that of VEGF in the tumor and the conditioned medium were analyzed by the sandwich ELISA method. Seven days after transplantation of the A375-GFP, capillary nets became far more abundant in the tumors grown in WT mice than those in TNKO mice. Interestingly, VEGF and TN-C expressions showed antithetical expression patterns between the tumors in WT mice and those in TNKO mice. This peculiar phenomenon seems to be caused by a time lag prior to the onset of the mesenchymal regulation for the TN-C expression of A375-GFP. The coculture experiments revealed that WT mesenchyme had a much stronger effect than TNKO mesenchyme on both TN-C and VEGF expression. However, the defects of TNKO mesenchyme were restored in all cases by additional TN-C. These results clearly indicated that the expressions of both TN-C and VEGF depend on the surrounding mesenchyme, and that the function of mesenchyme is regulated by its own mesenchymal TN-C. In conclusion, the present data suggest that the matrix microenvironment organized by the host mesenchyme is very important for angiogenesis in tumor development.
THE USE OF ADRENALIN IN ACUTE ASTHMA (1910)

had for two years. Both told me the pards felt quite numb when I last saw them.
[Tumor cell antigenicity: cancers and vaccines]. (1995)

Tumor-specific immunity is partly linked to the observation that cancerous cells express some proteins that are not present in normal cells. In the past, one of the major problems for the development of immunotherapy approaches has been linked to the difficulty to identify the antigens which are the targets of the tumor-specific T cells. Recent progress in fundamental immunology, particularly concerning the understanding of the molecular basis of cellular immunity, has facilitated the identification of tumor-specific antigens. These results allow to study new therapeutic approaches today.
Relative Attractiveness of Paired BL and BLB Fluorescent Bulbs for House and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) (1989)

Blacklight (BL) and blacklight blue (BLB) fluorescent bulbs were combined in an electrocuting fly trap and compared with BL or BLB bulbs alone for fly attraction. Combinations of BL and BLB bulbs did not attract more house flies, Musca domestica, or stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans than were attracted by BL bulbs used alone.
Dual gate GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t. phase shifter with gain at 12 GHz (1980)

A dual gate m.e.s.f.e.t. phase shifter is described with 4 dB insertion gain at 12 GHz and more than 100° linear continuous phase shift as a function of the d.c. voltage applied to the controlling gate electrode.
Methuen Handbook of Colour (1967)

Color codes in the macroscopic descriptions are from Kornerup and Wanscher (1978). Anatomical features Methuen handbook of colour. 3rd ed. London. Methuen handbook of colour 1978 Vol 0. A Kornerup, J H Wanscher. All the culture color names and codes were based on the 'Methuen Handbook of Colour'. 30, Soil Color Charts Munsell 1954. 25, Index 11, Color standards and color nomenclature. Published by the 4, Methuen handbook of colour. 2nd edn.
"Ser un santo simple": Bonifacio Reyes y la tradición francesa (2004)

Recull els continguts presentats: Congreso Internacional Leopoldo Alas Clarin en su centenario (1901-2001): Espejo de una Epoca (1. 2001. Madrid).
Low-power spectral phase correlator using periodically poled LiNbO<sub>3</sub> waveguides (2001)

We report a novel optical spectral phase correlation scheme for coded ultrashort pulses based on the use of long periodically poled lithium niobate second harmonic generation waveguides. Second harmonic efficiency as high as 50%/pJ was obtained, which allowed us to demonstrate nonlinear detection of individual pulses at 0.25 pJ input energies over a 500-MHz detection bandwidth with >50:1 signal-to-noise ratio. These results offer the possibility of sub-pJ real-time operation of such devices as nonlinear receivers in ultrashort-pulse optical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) networks.