gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the Use of Gradient Measurements in Wavefield Reconstruction - A Bayesian Noise Tracking Approach (2015)

Summary The second order statistics of the noise seen in the recent continuous line acquisition data from multimeasurement streamers vary in frequency, time and space domains. Incorrect estimation of such noise statistics can lead to poor reconstruction of the wavefield by the generalized matching pursuit (GMP). A new noise power estimation technique based on a Bayesian recursive framework is proposed. This algorithm can not only update the noise power estimation when the signal absence is presumed, but also track dynamically to the realistic levels of non-stationary noise. Results using a 3D testdata shows improved noise estimation performance over the original method that assumes the noise statistics is stationary within any shot gather. This improvement is achieved by reducing the leaked turn noise into the GMP output.
Synthesis of 2-Nitroalcohols by Regioselective Ring Opening of Epoxides with MgSO4/MeOH/NaNO2 System: A Short Synthesis of Immunosuppressive Agent FTY-720 (2001)

It has been demonstrated that a variety of epoxides can easily be opened with a system consisting of MgSO4/MeOH/NaNO2 giving the corresponding 2-nitroalcohols in excellent yields. This strategy has been applied to achieve a short synthesis of Immunosuppressive Agent FTY-720.
[Dynamical analysis of the nonlinearity in the model of acute myocardial ischemia]. (2004)

By analyzing the electrocardiosignals, many scholars have found remarkable and outstanding dynamic characteristics in both normal hearts and sick hearts. Based on those findings, a model of acute myocardial ischemia of six rabbits is designed by us and is presented here. The electrocardiogram (ECG) signals of different time series are calculated, and the figures of correlation dimensions-time and the maximum Lyapunov exponents-time are given. The results show that the existence of myocardial ischemia will bring the decline of the value of maximum Lyapunov exponents and correlation dimensions, after the figures being analyzed with electrophysiological and anatomical knowledge. The maximum Lyapunov exponents of ECG demonstrate the chaotic quality of the system and the correlation dimension of ECG demonstrates the complexity of the system, and there is no explicit relation between them. Correlation dimensions of ECG signals might be more influenced by partial heart system, compared with the maximum Lyapunov exponents of ECG signals.
Long time scale molecular dynamics subspace integration method applied to anharmonic crystals and glasses (1993)

A subspace dynamics method is presented to model long time dynamical events. The method involves determining a set of vectors that span the subspace of the long time dynamics. Specifically, the vectors correspond to real and imaginary low frequency normal modes of the condensed phase system. Most importantly, the normal mode derived vectors are only used to define the subspace of low frequency motions, and the actual time dependent dynamics is fully anharmonic. The resultant projected set of Newton’s equations is numerically solved for the subspace motions. Displacements along the coordinates outside the subspace are then constrained during the integration of the equations of motion in the reduced dimensional space. The method is different from traditional constraint methods in that it can systematically deduce and remove both local and collective high frequency motions of the condensed phase system with no a priori assumptions. The technique is well suited to removing large numbers of degrees of freedom, while only keeping the very low frequency global motions. The method is applied to highly anharmonic Lennard-Jones crystal and glass systems. Even in these systems with no intramolecular degrees of freedom or obvious separation of time scales, the subspace dynamics provides a speed up of approximately a factor of 5 over traditional molecular dynamics through use of a larger integration time step. In the cases illustrated here a single set of subspace vectors was adequate over the full time interval, although this is not expected to be true for all systems.
CALCULATION OF TRANSOM STERN FLOWS (1994)

This paper presents a method of calculating the slow near a transom stern ship moving forward at a moderate to high steady speed into otherwise undisturbed water. The speed is assumed to be sufficient to guarantee smooth flow separation at the stern and a dry transom. In addition, conditions necessary to justify the assumption of potential flow are assumed. Modified free-stream linearization is used to obtain a Neumann-Kelvin boundary value problem in which the usual linearization about the mean free-surface level is replaced in the area behind the transom stern by linearization about a surface originating at the hull-transom intersection. A rankine singularity integral equation is presented for obtaining the solution of the resulting mathematical boundary-value problem. The integral equation involves line integrals around the hull and has been designed so that it greatly reduces the requirements of using forward finite differences to enforce the radiation boundary condition. The approach permits the presence of free-surface dipoles and provides a mechanism for carrying lift downstream from a transom stern in accordance with the work of various researchers who, in recent years, had suggested that lift effects are an important component of wave resistance under certain conditions. Computation results are presented for two transom-stern ships.
The BigDAWG Polystore System (2015)

This paper presents a new view of federated databases to address the growing need for managing information that spans multiple data models. This trend is fueled by the proliferation of storage engines and query languages based on the observation that 'no one size fits all'. To address this shift, we propose a polystore architecture; it is designed to unify querying over multiple data models. We consider the challenges and opportunities associated with polystores. Open questions in this space revolve around query optimization and the assignment of objects to storage engines. We introduce our approach to these topics and discuss our prototype in the context of the Intel Science and Technology Center for Big Data
Ku-band low noise MMIC amplifier with bias circuit for compensation of temperature dependence and process variation (2003)

In this paper, a Ku-band low-noise MMIC amplifier is presented, which is equipped with a bias circuit that compensates not only temperature dependence of the FETs' gain but also gain variation between chips due to process variations. The Ku-band low noise MMIC amplifier with proposed gate-bias circuit was designed and manufactured. It was proved that the proposed bias circuit reduced the temperature dependence of the two-stage MMIC amplifier's gain from 1.4 dB/100 K to 1.0 dB/100 K. The chip area consumed for the bias circuit is less than 10% of the total chip size of 1.17 mm/sup 2/. The gain variation between chips was reduced to 0.25 dB in RMS. This amplifier is suitable for active phased array applications.
Image aesthetics assessment using Deep Chatterjee's machine (2017)

Image aesthetics assessment has been challenging due to its subjective nature. Inspired by the Chatterjee's visual neuroscience model, we design Deep Chatterjee's Machine (DCM) tailored for this task. DCM first learns attributes through the parallel supervised pathways, on a variety of selected feature dimensions. A high-level synthesis network is trained to associate and transform those attributes into the overall aesthetics rating. We then extend DCM to predicting the distribution of human ratings, since aesthetics ratings are often subjective. We also highlight our first-of-its-kind study of label-preserving transformations in the context of aesthetics assessment, which leads to an effective data augmentation approach. Experimental results on the AVA dataset show that DCM gains significant performance improvement, compared to other state-of-the-art models.
Biotin-Ligand Complexes With Streptavidin Quantum Dots for In Vivo Cell Labeling of Membrane Receptors (2007)

The unique fluorescence properties of quantum dots (QDs), particularly their large extinction coefficients and photostability, make them ideal probes for tracking proteins in live cells using real-time visualization. We have shown that QDs conjugated to epidermal growth factor act as functional ligands for their receptor, erbB1. Here, we describe protocols for (1) conjugation of streptavidin-QDs to biotinylated ligand, (2) formation of ligand-QD-receptor complexes, and (3) quantification of binding and internalization of receptor complex using both high-resolution fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
Analytical studies on nuclear ribonucleic acid using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalytical studies on nuclear ribonucleic acid using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisC. Wesley. Dingman and Andrew C. PeacockCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 2, 659–668Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00842a022https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00842a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations186LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimization of geographic area to a web page for two-dimensional range query processing (2004)

We have been developing a geographic Web search system to retrieve proper Web pages for a user-specified geographic area. One of location specification methods possible in the system is a two-dimensional range query, which is specified by a rectangle region corresponding to a geographic area. In order to handle such a geographic query, we propose: i) a geographic Web index method which is possible to manage each Web pages by optimized geographic scope; and ii) geometric operations such as 'Contain' as a function to retrieve geographic Web pages. However, recall and precision of search results by raw geometric search operations become very low, if we do not optimize a geographic area to a Web page. By considering of geowords' characterics, we can improve the result by geometric operations in range query processing.
Effect of the Interparticle Pair Potential on the Rheological Behavior of Zirconia Powders: II, The Influence of Chem‐Adsorbed Silanes (2001)

The influence of two bifunctional aminosilanes, N ‐(triethoxysilylpropyl)‐ O ‐polyethylen oxid urehtan (PEG‐silane) and N ‐(3‐triethyoxsilylpropyl) gluconamid (Glucol‐silane), on the rheological behavior of aqueous zirconia (solid solution with 3 mol% Y 2 O 3 ) powder slurries and consolidated bodies was investigated. Adsorption of the silanes was determined with viscosity measurements. The influence of tetramethylammonium (TMA) chloride added to dispersed slurries to produce weakly attractive particle networks, formulated with the aminosilane reacted powders was investigated. Bodies were consolidated by filtration at different applied pressures. Viscosity vs shear rate behavior, and consolidated body rheology, were determined for slurries formulated at different pH values and different salt contents. The Glucol‐silane coated powder had a different isoelectric point (pH ∼8.5) relative to the unreacted (pH ∼7.5) and PEG‐silane coated powders (pH ∼7). Dispersed slurries with Newtonian behavior could be formulated for the following conditions: unreacted powder = pH 11, PEG‐silane coated powder = pH 10, and Glucol‐silane coated powder = pH 6. Bodies with the highest relative density (∼51%) were produced from dispersed slurries (uncoated and coated); their relative density was nearly pressure insensitive. The relative density of consolidated bodies produced from slurries with an attractive particle network (formulated either at the isoelectric point or dispersed with added salt) was pressure sensitive. Bodies consolidated with the weakly attractive particle networks exhibited a critical relative density that separated the body's plastic and brittle behavior. The highest critical relative density (47%) was achieved for bodies consolidated with salt‐added, dispersed slurries formulated with the longest aminosilane molecule, which produced the weakest attractive particle network. Bodies that exhibited a claylike flow stress (∼0.1 MPa) could be formulated with the shorter aminosilane molecule, whereas the longer aminosilane molecule produced a fluidlike body without a significant yield stress.
Nearest feature line classifier based on collaborative representation with nearest neighbour search algorithm (2020)

Abstract Nearest feature line is an effective classification algorithm. However, if a test sample cannot be linear represented by the training samples, the algorithm may not work very well. Moreover, another problem is that it will have a large computation complexity. Therefore, the authors propose a novel algorithm. To begin with, the test sample is linear represented by all the training samples, and the errors between the test sample and every training sample are calculated. The authors only keep the training samples with small errors. In this way, on the one hand, training samples are not suitable for the test sample will be ignored, on the other hand, running time can be reduced. To further reduce the computing time of the algorithm, nearest neighbour search technique is applied to the algorithm. Experiments on numerical and image database show the algorithm cannot only improve the classification accuracy, but also reduce runtime.
Emerging Foodborne Diseases: An Evolving Public Health Challenge (1997)

The epidemiology of foodborne disease is changing. New pathogens have emerged, and some have spread worldwide. Many, including Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, and Yersinia enterocolitica, have reservoirs in healthy food animals, from which they spread to an increasing variety of foods. These pathogens cause millions of cases of sporadic illness and chronic complications, as well as large and challenging outbreaks over many states and nations. Improved surveillance that combines rapid subtyping methods, cluster identification, and collaborative epidemiologic investigation can identify and halt large, dispersed outbreaks. Outbreak investigations and case-control studies of sporadic cases can identify sources of infection and guide the development of specific prevention strategies. Better understanding of how pathogens persist in animal reservoirs is also critical to successful long-term prevention. In the past, the central challenge of foodborne disease lay in preventing the contamination of human food with sewage or animal manure. In the future, prevention of foodborne disease will increasingly depend on controlling contamination of feed and water consumed by the animals themselves.
Resonators for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wavelengths (1961)

Further considerations on the mm-wave Fabry-Perot interferometer are presented. Computed Q values for parallel metal plate resonators indicate that at spacings around 2.5 cm, values ranging from 60,000 at 3 mm, to 300,000 at 0.1 mm wavelengths are possible. The plates must, however, be quite flat. These results are important for many investigations, and in particular for mm and sub-mm wave maser research. For the aperture per wavelength ratios possible here, diffraction effects should be small. Consideration is given to using curved reflectors or focused radiation in applications where the fields must be concentrated. For this purpose, re-entrant conical spherical resonators are treated in detail, as regards operation in the TEM mode at high orders of interference. Expressions for the Q and shunt impedance are given, and high values are possible at mm and sub-mm wavelengths. Quasi-optical methods of coupling into and out of such a resonator are proposed, and the higher modes possible in such a resonator are considered. Results indicate that it could have application to the mm-wave generation problem, and that it represents a good resonant cavity for solid state research at mm and sub-mm wavelengths, and for maser applications in particular.
An integrated petrophysical and rock physics analysis to improve reservoir characterization of Cretaceous sand intervals in Middle Indus Basin, Pakistan (2017)

The sand intervals of the Lower Goru Formation of the Cretaceous age, widely distributed in the Middle and Lower Indus Basin of Pakistan, are proven reservoirs. However, in the Sawan gas field of the Middle Indus Basin, these sandstone intervals are very deep and extremely heterogeneous in character, which makes it difficult to discriminate lithologies and fluid saturation. Based on petrophysical analysis and rock physics modeling, an integrated approach is adopted to discriminate between lithologies and fluid saturation in the above-mentioned sand intervals. The seismic velocities are modeled using the Xu–White clay–sand mixing rock physics model. The calibrated rock physics model shows good consistency between measured and modeled velocities. The correlation between measured and modeled P and S wave velocities is 92.76% and 84.99%, respectively. This calibrated model has been successfully used to estimate other elastic parameters, even in those wells where both shear and sonic logs were missing. These estimated elastic parameters were cross-plotted to discriminate between the lithology and fluid content in the target zone. Cross plots clearly separate the shale, shaly sand, and gas-bearing sand clusters, which was not possible through conventional petrophysical analysis. These data clusters have been exported to the corresponding well for the purpose of interpolation between wells and to analyze the lateral and vertical variations in lithology and fluid content in the reservoir zone.
Barankin Bound for Bearing Estimation with Bias Correction (2008)

Array-based bearing estimation is commonly used in many sonar/radar applications. Typical performance of a practical implementation displays a threshold behavior, that is, below certain signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) the estimation mean- square error increases dramatically. The error increase is known to be largely attributed to sidelobe ambiguities in signal field correlation along with estimation bias at low SNR, and some performance bounds are exploited to capture the ambiguities and predict the threshold SNR. Research in the past often ignores the bias-related contribution due to evaluation difficulty. Recently a complete Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) has been derived to include both the Fisher information and the bias contribution using a first-order approximation of the MLE bias. The revised CRB has shown some threshold behavior, however it is still far less tight compared to the simulations, first because it cannot capture the sidelobe ambiguities; second because the expression of the first-order bias given in a referred paper was later found incorrect in terms of the sample size order. This paper further develops the concept of local performance bounds with bias correction in two aspects. First a closed-form expression of the MLE first-order bias is derived for a complex multivariate Gaussian data model. Second, the Barankin bound is derived and evaluated for the bearing estimation problem, which is optimized through a set of test points in the parameter space to capture the sidelobe ambiguities. The simulations show that the resulted bound is much tighter than the CRB. Together with the bias correction, the bound is also able to close the gap from the large-error global bounds yet with much less computations.
Identification of <i>C</i>-2 Hydroxyethyl Imidazopyrrolopyridines as Potent JAK1 Inhibitors with Favorable Physicochemical Properties and High Selectivity over JAK2 (2013)

Herein we report on the structure-based discovery of a C-2 hydroxyethyl moiety which provided consistently high levels of selectivity for JAK1 over JAK2 to the imidazopyrrolopyridine series of JAK1 inhibitors. X-ray structures of a C-2 hydroxyethyl analogue in complex with both JAK1 and JAK2 revealed differential ligand/protein interactions between the two isoforms and offered an explanation for the observed selectivity. Analysis of historical data from related molecules was used to develop a set of physicochemical compound design parameters to impart desirable properties such as acceptable membrane permeability, potent whole blood activity, and a high degree of metabolic stability. This work culminated in the identification of a highly JAK1 selective compound (31) exhibiting favorable oral bioavailability across a range of preclinical species and robust efficacy in a rat CIA model.
Flow cytometric analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 susceptibility to acyclovir, ganciclovir, and foscarnet (1997)

We established a quantitative flow cytometric method for determination of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) susceptibility to acyclovir (ACV), ganciclovir, and foscarnet in vitro. Susceptibility was defined in terms of the drug concentration which reduced the number of cells expressing HSV-1 glycoprotein C (gpC) with a fluorescence intensity of > or =10(2) by 50% (IC50). Flow cytometry allowed us to use a high (1.0) as well as a low (0.005) multiplicity of infection, and determination of the IC50 was possible after one or more viral replicative cycles. IC50s were dependent on virus input and on time postinfection. In mixture experiments, 1 to 2% resistant viruses added to a sensitive strain could be detected. The results obtained by flow cytometry showed a good qualitative correlation with those achieved by cytopathic effect inhibitory assay. However, flow cytometry might detect more quantitative differences in drug susceptibility, especially among resistant strains, as confirmed also by determination of intracellular drug phosphorylation. The mean IC50s for ACV-sensitive strains were 0.45 to 1.47 microM, and those for ACV-resistant strains were between 140 and 3,134 microM. Flow cytometric analysis was fast and accurate, automatizable, and highly reproducible. Flow cytometry may be a more powerful tool than standard cytopathic effect-based assays and could have advantages for the detection of low levels of drug resistance or mixtures of sensitive and resistant virus strains.