gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Foot Tapping for Mobile Interaction (2010)

In this paper we present an initial investigation of foot tapping as a mechanism for interacting with a mobile device without removing it from a pocket. We compare a foot tapping technique for menu interaction with two more traditional situations: one where the user has the phone in hand, and one where the user must remove it from an inside pocket before interacting. Results show that over the course of the full study, all conditions allowed a high level of accuracy in selections. The visual and in pocket conditions were overall faster and more accurate. However, for short selections requiring four or less foot taps or button presses the foot tap condition was faster than the in pocket condition.
Design of Dielectric Grating Antennas for Millimeter-Wave Applications (1983)

At theoretical procedure well suited for generating design data on dielectric grating antennas for the millimeter-wave region is presented. The procedure utilizes the effective dielectric constant (EDC) method to determine the phase constant of the leaky modes supported by the antenna structure of finite lateral width. The radiation or leakage constant of these modes is obtained from the relatively simple boundary value problem of dielectric grating antennas of infinite width. For single-beam radiation, the practicably interesting case, the phase and leakage constants completely determine the field distribution in the antenna aperture, from which the directivity gain and radiation pattern are then calculated. The dependence of the antenna characteristics on the dimensions of the radiating structure is presented and discussed for epsilon = 12, the dielectric constant of typical millimeter-wave materials, such as silicon and GaAs.
Estrogen-induced destabilization of yolk precursor protein mRNAs in avian liver. (1988)

In addition to regulating gene expression at the level of transcription, estrogen is generally considered to selectively stabilize induced mRNAs against degradation. As a result of mRNA stabilization, estrogen-induced mRNAs accumulate to much higher levels in target cells, and the encoded proteins are made at much greater rates than would occur on the basis of transcriptional activation alone. The present study examined the effect of estrogen on the stabilities of avian liver mRNAs that code for the yolk precursor proteins apolipoprotein (apo) II and vitellogenin (VTG) II. The results show that the degradation rates of apoII and VTG II mRNAs during hormone withdrawal are dramatically altered by the duration of prior estrogen treatment. During the 2 days required for the hormonal inductions of these mRNAs to new steady states, the turnover rates of both mRNAs were the same in the presence and absence of estrogen (t1/2 = 13 h). This result indicates that mRNA stabilization does not contribute to the extensive accumulation of apoII and VTG II mRNAs. When the duration of estrogen treatment was extended beyond 3 days, however, hormone withdrawal led to the rapid (t1/2 = 1.5 h) and selective destabilization of these mRNAs. This result suggests that estrogen induced a destabilization activity that was only functional following hormone withdrawal. Thus, the point at which estrogen alters mRNA stability is at the level of mRNA degradation. An absence of detectable apoII mRNA degradation intermediates during either the slow or rapid mode of mRNA decay suggests that the rate-limiting step for apoII mRNA turnover is an estrogen-sensitive targeting event that marks the mRNA for rapid degradation.
Does plateletrich plasma enhance microfracture treatment for chronic focal chondral defects An invivo study performed in a rat model (2013)

The addition of PRP application to microfracture treatment appears to enhance cartilage healing in chronic focal chondral defects.
Tetrahedrane and Cyclobutadiene (1988)

Abstract Tetra‐ tert ‐butyltetrahedrane—a useless molecule? In the first part of this progress report an attempt is made to answer this provoking question in order that the reader can evaluate why it is worthwhile to track such an esoteric molecule. An account of the unusual properties of tetra‐ tert ‐butyltetrahedrane, the only tetrahedrane unequivocally identified so far, and the most highly strained saturated hydrocarbon of all, is followed by a summary of attempts to synthesize the parent compound. The emphasis in these two sections is on our own research achievements. Since any discussion of the tetrahedranes must necessarily include the corresponding cyclobutadienes, it was found appropriate to organize the article at the same time as a final account of the cyclobutadiene problem. Masamune [8c] characterized his excellent report in 1980 in the journal Tetrahedron as a comma in the history of cyclobutadiene. Meanwhile, the significant questions have been answered. The time is now ripe to replace the comma by a full stop .
Elevated plasma semicarbazide‐sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in Type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by retinopathy (1999)

SSAO activity, earlier found to be elevated in Type 1 DM, is also elevated in Type 2 DM. The SSAO family of enzymes may be involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy, possibly by catalysing the formation of toxic metabolites. A potent and specific inhibitor of human SSAO might help prevent retinopathy in Type 1 and Type 2 DM.
THE EFFECTS OF DIAZEPAM ON RAT ISOLATED HEART MUSCLE (1978)

SUMMARY 1. The effects of diazepam on spontaneously beating right atrium, left atrium and papillary muscle isolated from a rat heart were compared to those of chlorpro‐mazine and phenytoin. 2. Arrhythmic contractions induced by threshold electrical stimulation in the rhythmic spontaneous contractions of the right atrium were prevented by diazepam (10 μg/ml). These arrhythmic contractions were not prevented by chlorpromazine (0.01–10 μg/ml), or by phenytoin (0.1–10μg/ml). 3. The refractory periods of the heart muscle, estimated by use of Govier's method, was increased by diazepam (10 μg/ml) by 90.5% in the left atrium and 54.4% in the papillary muscles. Chlorpromazine (1.0 μg/ml) and phenytoin (10 μg/ ml) increased the refractory period of papillary muscle by 42.8 and 54.1%, respectively, but had little effect on the refractory period of the left atrium. 4. The maximum driving frequency of the left atrium was decreased by diazepam (10 μg/ml) by 25.1% and by chlorpromazine (1.0 μg/ml) by 33.3%, while that of papillary muscle was little influenced by the drugs at these concentrations. Phenytoin (0.1–10 μg/ml) had little effect on the maximum driving frequency of the left atrium or of papillary muscle. 5. The rate and force of spontaneous contractions of the right atrium were decreased by phenytoin (10 μg/ml) by 36.7% and 97.0%, respectively. Diazepam (0.1–10 μg/ml) had little effect on rate and produced a concentration‐dependent increase in force up to 151.5%. Chlorpromazine (0.01–1.0 μg/ml) had little effect on either the rate or force of spontaneous contraction of the right atrium. 6. The contractile force of the left atrium and of papillary muscle driven by electrical stimulation was depressed by diazepam (20 μg/ml), chlorpromazine (2.0 μg/ml) and phenytoin (20 μg/ml)‐ Diazepam (0.5–10 μg/ml) produced a concentration‐dependent increase in force of up to 204.7% in the left atrium and 163.1% in papillary muscle. Chlorpromazine (0.01–1.0 μ/ml) had little effect on the force of the driven left atrium, but produced a concentration‐dependent decrease in force of papillary muscle down to 40.1%. Phenytoin (10 μg/ml) reduced the force of contraction by 84.6 and 92.7%, respectively, in the left atrium and papillary muscle.
LONG-WAVELENGTH PHOTOEMISSION FROM Ga1 − <i>x</i>In<i>x</i>As ALLOYS (1971)

We have activated epitaxial layers of vapor-deposited Ga1−xInxAs alloys in the bandgap range 0.96–1.18 eV with Cs and O2. The Cs–O was determined to be ∼1 monolayer thick. For each sample the photothreshold energy was approximately equal to the bandgap energy. A long-wavelength limit of approximately 1.3 μm was determined for valence-band emission. There was no evidence of an internal barrier which might have decreased this limit. Spectral yield data were analyzed to give a surface escape probability versus bandgap plot.
Potassium channels from NG108‐15 neuroblastoma‐glioma hybrid cells (1989)

The complete amino acid sequences of two potassium channel proteins from NG108-15 neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid cells have been deduced by cloning and sequencing the cDNAs. One of these proteins (NGK2) is structurally more closely related to the Drosophila Shaw gene product than to the Shaker and Shab gene products, whereas the other (NGK1) is identical with a rat brain potassium channel protein (BK2) which is more closely related to the Drosophila Shaker gene product. mRNAs derived from both the cloned cDNAs, when injected into Xenopus oocytes, direct the formation of functional potassium channels with properties of delayed rectifiers.
Differing roles for short chain fatty acids and GPR43 agonism in the regulation of intestinal barrier function and immune responses (2017)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a loss of intestinal barrier function and dysregulated immune responses. It has been shown that short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are protective in IBD and that GPR43 mediates the protective effects of SCFAs. In this study, we investigated the effects of SCFAs in comparison to highly specific GPR43 agonists on human intestinal epithelial and immune cells. Our results confirm that SCFAs are enhancers of barrier function in intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, SCFAs also displayed potent immunoregulatory properties based upon the ability to inhibit LPS-induced cytokine production in PBMC, and human T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Unexpectedly, and in contrast to the current belief, specific GPR43 agonists failed to exhibit similar barrier enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties. These findings demonstrate that SCFA possess broad protective functions in IBD and agonizing GPR43 alone is unlikely to be beneficial in patients.
Clinical manifestations of peripheral nervous system involvement in human chronic chagas disease (1996)

We conducted a clinical and electromyographical study in patients with Chagas' disease in the indeterminate or chronic stages of the illness. Altogether 841 patients were examined. Only 511 were admitted within the protocol; the remainder patients were rejected because they showed other causes able to damage the nervous system. Fifty two (10.17%) out of the 511 patients showed signs and symptoms of peripheral nervous system involvement in the form of sensory impairment and diminished tendon jerks suggesting the presence of neuropathy. Forty five of them were submitted to a conventional electromyographical examination. Fifteen of them showed normal results, while the remainder 30 disclosed a reduced interference pattern, being most of the remaining motor unit potentials fragmented or poliphasic, reduced sensory and motor conduction velocities and diminished amplitude of the sensory action potential. The findings suggest that some chagasic patients in the indeterminate or chronic stages of the disease may develop a clinical mild sensory-motor peripheral neuropathy.
Canada and U.S. Differences in Similar TV Story Content (1978)

The content of popular television shows reflect the cultural myths and values which support the popular culture of a country. Harold Schechter has shown how the ancient gods of Olympus appear nightly on United States television. 1 Horace Newcomb has pointed out that television is a "crucially important object of study not only because it is a new 'form,' a different 'medium,' but because it brings its massive audience into a direct relationship with particular sets of values and attitudes." 2
A variable-pathlength optical cell with no moving parts (1988)

The authors describe a variable-pathlength cell for measuring the optical absorbance, turbidity and diffuse scattering of fluids. The cell is easily filled, demounted and cleaned. It requires a few microlites of fluid, has no moving parts and requires no delicate adjustments. Reproducible results can be obtained at pathlengths of a few micrometers. Results using the cell are given for absorbent and turbid fluids, and for diffuse scattering, large particle dispersions where the particle diameter can be larger than the smallest pathlength of the cell.
Bacterial DNA Methylation: a Cell Cycle Regulator? (1999)

Although bacterial DNA methyltransferases are generally associated with restriction-modification systems, DNA methylation also regulates chromosome replication, transcription, repair, and most likely other fundamental processes. The two best-studied DNA methyltransferases without apparent cognate
Sodium arsenite induces heat shock protein-72 kilodalton expression in the lungs and protects rats against sepsis (1994)

We conclude that in vivo injection of sodium arsenite induces expression of HSP-72 in the lungs, and confers transient protection against experimental sepsis during the period that heat shock proteins are also expressed.
Ozonolysis of 1-methylindenes. Solvent, temperature, and substituent electronic effects on the ozonide exo/endo ratio (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOzonolysis of 1-methylindenes. Solvent, temperature, and substituent electronic effects on the ozonide exo/endo ratioMasahiro Miura, Tomohiro Fujisaka, Masatomo Nojima, Shigekazu Kusabayashi, and Kevin J. McCulloughCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 9, 1504–1509Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00209a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00209a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Significant In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pytren4Q-Mn a Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2) Mimetic Scorpiand-Like Mn (II) Complex (2015)

The effective anti-inflammatory activity of the Mn(II) complex of Pytren4Q in addition to its low toxicity, water solubility and ease of production would suggest it is worth taking into consideration for future pharmacological studies.
Mice Lacking D<sub>5</sub>Dopamine Receptors Have Increased Sympathetic Tone and Are Hypertensive (2002)

Dopamine is an important transmitter in the CNS and PNS, critically regulating numerous neuropsychiatric and physiological functions. These actions of dopamine are mediated by five distinct receptor subtypes. Of these receptors, probably the least understood in terms of physiological functions is the D5 receptor subtype. To better understand the role of the D5 dopamine receptor (DAR) in normal physiology and behavior, we have now used gene-targeting technology to create mice that lack this receptor subtype. We find that the D5 receptor-deficient mice are viable and fertile and appear to develop normally. No compensatory alterations in other dopamine receptor subtypes were observed. We find, however, that the mutant mice develop hypertension and exhibit significantly elevated blood pressure (BP) by 3 months of age. This hypertension appears to be caused by increased sympathetic tone, primarily attributable to a CNS defect. Our data further suggest that this defect involves an oxytocin-dependent sensitization of V1 vasopressin and non-NMDA glutamatergic receptor-mediated pathways, potentially within the medulla, leading to increased sympathetic outflow. These results indicate that D5 dopamine receptors modulate neuronal pathways regulating blood pressure responses and may provide new insights into mechanisms for some forms of essential hypertension in humans, a disease that afflicts up to 25% of the aged adult population in industrialized societies.
Seizure identification in the ICU using quantitative EEG displays (2010)

Both CDSA and aEEG demonstrate acceptable sensitivity and false-positive rates for seizure identification among critically ill children. Accuracy of these tools would likely improve during clinical use, when findings can be correlated in real-time with the underlying raw EEG. In the hands of neurophysiologists, CDSA and aEEG displays represent useful screening tools for seizures during continuous EEG monitoring in the ICU. The suitability of these tools for bedside use by ICU nurses and physicians requires further study.
Modeling the slowdown of data-parallel applications in homogeneous and heterogeneous clusters of workstations (2002)

Data-parallel applications executing in multi-user clustered environments share resources with other applications. Since this sharing of resources dramatically affects the performance of individual applications, it is critical to estimate its effect, i.e., the application slowdown, in order to predict application behavior. The authors develop a new approach for predicting the slowdown imposed on data-parallel applications executing on homogeneous and heterogeneous clusters of workstations. The model synthesizes the slowdown on each machine used by an application into a contention measure-the aggregate slowdown factor-used to adjust the execution time of the application to account for the aggregate load. The model is parameterized by the work (or data) partitioning policy employed by the targeted application, the local slowdown (due to contention from other users) present in each node of the cluster and the relative weight (capacity) associated with each node in the cluster. This model provides a basis for predicting realistic execution times for distributed data-parallel applications in production clustered environments.
Playing 20 Question Game with Policy-Based Reinforcement Learning (2018)

The 20 Questions (Q20) game is a well known game which encourages deductive reasoning and creativity. In the game, the answerer first thinks of an object such as a famous person or a kind of animal. Then the questioner tries to guess the object by asking 20 questions. In a Q20 game system, the user is considered as the answerer while the system itself acts as the questioner which requires a good strategy of question selection to figure out the correct object and win the game. However, the optimal policy of question selection is hard to be derived due to the complexity and volatility of the game environment. In this paper, we propose a novel policy-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) method, which enables the questioner agent to learn the optimal policy of question selection through continuous interactions with users. To facilitate training, we also propose to use a reward network to estimate the more informative reward. Compared to previous methods, our RL method is robust to noisy answers and does not rely on the Knowledge Base of objects. Experimental results show that our RL method clearly outperforms an entropy-based engineering system and has competitive performance in a noisyfree simulation environment.
Design and Verification of the Risø-B1 Airfoil Family for Wind Turbines (2004)

This paper presents the design and experimental verification of the Risø-B1 airfoil family for MW-size wind turbines with variable speed and pitch control. Seven airfoils were designed with thickness-to-chord ratios between 15% and 53% to cover the entire span of a wind turbine blade. The airfoils were designed to have high maximum lift and high design lift to allow a slender flexible blade while maintaining high aerodynamic efficiency. The design was carried out with a Risø in-house multi disciplinary optimization tool. Wind tunnel testing was done for Risø-B1-18 and Risø-B1-24 in the VELUX wind tunnel, Denmark, at a Reynolds number of 1.6×106. For both airfoils the predicted target characteristics were met. Results for Risø-B1-18 showed a maximum lift coefficient of 1.64. A standard case of zigzag tape leading edge roughness caused a drop in maximum lift of only 3.7%. Cases of more severe roughness caused reductions in maximum lift between 12% and 27%. Results for the Risø-B1-24 airfoil showed a maximum lift coefficient of 1.62. The standard case leading edge roughness caused a drop in maximum lift of 7.4%. Vortex generators and Gurney flaps in combination could increase maximum lift up to 2.2 (32%).
Treatment of depression with L-5-hydroxytryptophan combined with chlorimipramine, a double-blind study. (1983)

A double-blind clinical trial was carried out involving 26 hospitalized, depressed patients who were randomized into two groups. Patients in each group received chlorimipramine (50 mg/day), combined with L-5-HTP (300 mg/day) in Group A, and with placebo in Group B. The trial lasted 28 days. Two Group B patients dropped out. All the patients were evaluated by HRSD each week, and by ZDSI and CGI at the beginning and end of treatment. Several statistical analyses of the mean HRSD scores of each item presenting initial positive response and of ZDSI scores for both reactive and endogenous depression were performed, using Student's t-test. To evaluate the efficacy of the chlorimipramine +L-5-HTP combination versus control therapy the Mann-Whitney test was applied to the reduction in HRSD scores, showing 0.05 significance. The results for both types of pathology were quantitatively and qualitatively more positive for Group A than for Group B. Cluster analysis of HRSD item scores alone and between this scale and ZDSI, according to Carrol's correlation method for the symptoms of the cluster (mood, anxiety and somatic symptoms), was carried out to confirm the above results.
Neuropsychological assessment and malingering: A critical review of past and present strategies (1994)

In recent years, neuropsychologists and clinical psychologists have shown a greatly increased interest in methods of discriminating malingerers from legitimate psychiatric and neurological patients. In part, this increased interest has resulted from increased demand from the legal system (i.e., pertaining to disposition of personal injury, worker's compensation, medical malpractice, and criminal cases) for expert psychological testimony which can distinguish malingering from genuine neuropsychological deficits. Additional interest, and some controversy, has been generated by recent research studies that have reported no success in diagnosing malingering, although others have reported more positive evidence. The present literature review describes the historical and current methods of detecting malingerers, along with the empirical evidence supporting, or condemning, their use. The majority of empirical studies suggest that although malingering of brain dysfunction is not easy to detect, it is possible to detect, if looked for deliberately. Review and critique of the available strategies indicates that a multidimensional, multimethod approach is needed. Continued research effort is needed on this important clinical issue.