gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of connective tissue growth factor+ cells during the early phase of rat traumatic brain injury (2014)

The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/3963462091241165.
Learning Causal Relations in Multivariate Time Series Data (2012)

Many applications naturally involve time series data and the vector autoregression (VAR), and the structural VAR (SVAR) are dominant tools to investigate relations between variables in time series. In the first part of this work, we show that the SVAR method is incapable of identifying contemporaneous causal relations for Gaussian process. In addition, least squares estimators become unreliable when the scales of the problems are large and observations are limited. In the remaining part, we propose an approach to apply Bayesian network learning algorithms to identify SVARs from time series data in order to capture both temporal and contemporaneous causal relations, and avoid high-order statistical tests. The difficulty of applying Bayesian network learning algorithms to time series is that the sizes of the networks corresponding to time series tend to be large, and high-order statistical tests are required by Bayesian network learning algorithms in this case. To overcome the difficulty, we show that the search space of conditioning sets d-separating two vertices should be a subset of the Markov blankets. Based on this fact, we propose an algorithm enabling us to learn Bayesian networks locally, and make the largest order of statistical tests independent of the scales of the problems. Empirical results show that our algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of both efficiency and accuracy.
Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Signaling Pathway through 67-kDa Laminin Receptor (2007)

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the principal polyphenol in green tea, has been shown to be a potent chemopreventive agent. Recently, 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR) has been identified as a cell surface receptor for EGCG that mediates the anticancer activity of EGCG. Indeed, expression of 67LR confers EGCG responsiveness to tumor cells; however, the molecular basis for the anticancer activity of EGCG in vivo is not entirely understood. Here we show that (i) using a direct genetic screen, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is identified as a component responsible for the anticancer activity of EGCG; (ii) through both eEF1A and 67LR, EGCG induces the dephosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) at Thr-696 and activates myosin phosphatase; and (iii) silencing of 67LR, eEF1A, or MYPT1 in tumor cells results in abrogation of EGCG-induced tumor growth inhibition in vivo. Additionally, we found that eEF1A is up-regulated by EGCG through 67LR. Overall, these findings implicate both eEF1A and MYPT1 in EGCG signaling for cancer prevention through 67LR.
Knee extensor strength, activation, and size in very elderly people following strength training (1999)

Muscle strength, activation, and size were studied in 11 very elderly subjects (8 women and 3 men; age range, 85-97 years) who completed 12 weeks of strength training of the knee extensor muscles. Training increased the maximum amount of weight that could be lifted once (134%; P < 0.05) and maximum voluntary isometric strength, measured as both force recorded at the ankle with the knee flexed 90 degrees (17%, ns) and as torque with the knee flexed 60 degrees (37%; P < 0.05). Anatomical lean quadriceps cross-sectional area (LCSA) measured at midthigh using magnetic resonance imaging increased from 27.5 +/- 9.6 cm2 to 30.2 +/- 10.0 cm2 (9.8%; P < 0. 05) after training. Both before and after training, isometric strength was closely related to LCSA, but training resulted in no significant change in muscle force per unit area of quadriceps muscle. Using the twitch interpolation technique, muscle activation during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction was shown to be incomplete in all subjects before training (ranging from 69% to 93%) and was not significantly increased after training. An increase in skeletal muscle mass may have important functional and metabolic benefits for very elderly people.
Comprehensive Study on Performance of PID Controller and its Applications (2018)

The most important and powerful idea in control system is the Feedback, particularly the proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) Feedback, accurate and useful in all types of control systems. We will analysis the role of PID feedback which is considered as the leading controller of all control loops. More than 90% control systems use PID as a controller feedback and the proper use of PID needs skills, better knowledge and controlling techniques. Therefore, in this study we will qualitatively analysis PID for applications, i.e. speed controlling of DC motor, power system stability., improvement performance of AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) system., time delay process., load frequency problem, controlling of DC drives, stability of systematic process and PID advances in industrial control etc.
Mycobacterium marinum persists in cultured mammalian cells in a temperature-restricted fashion (1994)

We have explored the relatively rapidly growing animal and human pathogen Mycobacterium marinum as an experimental model for mycobacterial pathogenesis. M. marinum, which has a lower temperature for optimal growth than does Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has a much shorter generation time and can be safely studied in ordinary laboratory facilities and examined in multiple animal infection models. We have established an in vitro assay for its interaction with eukaryotic cells and shown that it persists in these cells in a temperature-specific fashion that correlates with its ability to cause disease in vivo at lower temperatures. Additionally, preliminary evidence that M. marinum causes a chronic disease with some features resembling tuberculosis in frogs of the species Rana pipiens is presented.
Transmission of Flow Labelled IPv4 on ATM Data Links Ipsilon Version 1.0 (1996)

Transmission of Flow Labelled IPv4 on
Crosstalk analysis of multisection multiconductor lines (1992)

An effective method for crosstalk characterization and modeling of multisection multiconductor transmission lines, as in the case of tape automated bonding (TAB) packages, is introduced. The method uses two-dimensional field analysis software packages to calculate the electrical parameters of the transmission lines' sections. These parameters are then used to establish a preliminary model for the multisection multiconductor structure. Time-domain measurement and simulation techniques are then used to refine the model parameters. Using this model, the lines' coupling behavior (crosstalk) can be predicted. Time-domain measurement applied to a section of a TAB structure is provided to demonstrate the modeling concept, and the corresponding crosstalk waveforms are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of benzodiazepines and neurosteroids on ammonia-induced swelling in cultured astrocytes (1998)

Astroglial swelling occurs in acute hyperammonemic states, including acute hepatic encephalopathy. In these conditions, the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), a receptor associated with neurosteroidogenesis, is up-regulated. This study examined the potential involvement of PBRs and neurosteroids in ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling in culture. At low micromolar concentrations, the PBR antagonist PK 11195, atrial natriuretic peptide, and protoporhyrin IX, which are known to interact with the PBR, attenuated (16-100%) the effects of ammonia, whereas the PBR agonists Ro5-4864, diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI51-70), and octadecaneuropeptide exacerbated (10-15%) the effects of ammonia. At micromolar concentrations, diazepam, which interacts with both the PBR and the central-type benzodiazepine receptor (CBR), increased swelling by 11%, whereas flumazenil, a CBR antagonist, had no effect. However, at 100 nM diazepam and flumazenil abrogated ammonia-induced swelling. The neurosteroids dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, tetrahydroprogesterone, pregnenolone sulfate, and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), products of PBR stimulation, at micromolar concentrations significantly enhanced (70%) ammonia-induced swelling. However, at nanomolar concentrations, these neurosteroids, with exception of THDOC, blocked ammonia-induced swelling. We conclude that neurosteroids and agents that interact with the PBR influence ammonia-induced swelling. These agents may represent novel therapies for acute hyperammonemic syndromes and other conditions associated with brain edema and astrocyte swelling.
New Dhug Delivery Systems: Scientific and Corporate Implications (1983)

AbstractNew drug delivery systems are designed to improve therapy by controlling drug absorption, maintaining proper effective blood levels, reducing toxicity, and enhancing compliance. Pharmaceutical benefits such as a shorter drug development, and fulfilling needs for corporate growth are mentioned. Examples of these systems are given and opportunities for these systems in the future noted.
Viscous air damping in laterally driven microresonators (2002)

A systematic experimental study of viscous air damping in laterally moving planar microstructures is reported. Previous studies indicated that Couette and Stokes flow models underestimated microstructural damping. To investigate this discrepancy, a series of lateral resonant microstructures with different damp plates and combs was fabricated with polysilicon surface micromachining. The resonant frequencies and quality factors of the structures were measured electrically. By examining these data, the damping due to different geometries were isolated and compared to theory. The results indicated that if edge and finite-size effects are included in the model, reasonably accurate prediction on the quality factors can be obtained even for small geometries and comb drives. An empirical formula was developed that predicts quality factor for a range of plate size and comb designs. The damping effects as a function of structural thickness and structure-to-substrate separation are also reported.
Wideband planar inverted-F antenna with meandering shorting strip (2008)

A new wideband planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is introduced. The proposed antenna is based on a simple PIFA, where the shorting strip is modified into a meandering shape such that the antenna can have wideband characteristics. The antenna finds an impedance bandwidth of 45.2% for S11<−10 dB from 1.565 to 2.48 GHz which can cover the GPS, DCS, IMT-2000, 2.4 GHz WLAN applications. The maximum antenna gains are 1.68, 1.83, 1.90 and 1.78 dBi correspondingly.
Penicillin Sulfoxides (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPenicillin SulfoxidesJ. M. Essery, Kathleen Dadabo, W. J. Gottstein, Ann Hallstrand, and L. C. CheneyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 12, 4388–4389Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01023a548https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01023a548research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reactions of Diaryldibromodisilenes with N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes: Formation of Formal Bis‐NHC Adducts of Silyliumylidene Cations (2014)

Reactions of stable 1,2-dibromodisilenes ((E)-Ar(Br)Si=Si(Br)Ar) with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) afforded NHC-arylbromosilylene adducts or bromide salts of the corresponding bis-NHC adducts of the formal arylsilyliumylidene cations ([ArSi:](+)). In some cases, an NHC was able to replace a bromide anion in the coordination sphere of the arylbromosilylene-NHC adduct.
Provenance-based object storage prediction scheme for scientific big data applications (2014)

Object storage has been increasingly adopted in high-performance computing for scientific, big data applications. With object storage, applications usually use object IDs, queries, or collections to identify the data instead of using files. Since the object store changes the way data is accessed in applications, it introduces new challenges for I/O prediction, which used to work based on interfile or intrafile pattern detection. The key challenge is that the inputs of object-based applications are no longer expressed as static file names: they become much more dynamic and unstable, hidden inside application logic. Traditional prediction strategies do not work well in such conditions. In this paper, we introduce the use of provenance information, which was collected for data management in high-performance computing systems, in order to build an accurate coarse-grained (object-level) input prediction. The prediction results can be preloaded into a burst buffer to accelerate future reads. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to use provenance information in object stores to predict application inputs. Evaluation results confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of our provenance-based prediction and show that the proposed prediction system is feasible for real-work deployment.
Deconstructing the Blockchain to Approach Physical Limits (2018)

Transaction throughput, confirmation latency and confirmation reliability are fundamental performance measures of any blockchain system in addition to its security. In a decentralized setting, these measures are limited by two underlying physical network attributes: communication capacity and speed-of-light propagation delay. Existing systems operate far away from these physical limits. In this work we introduce Prism, a new proof-of-work blockchain protocol, which can achieve 1) security against up to 50% adversarial hashing power; 2) optimal throughput up to the capacity C of the network; 3) confirmation latency for honest transactions proportional to the propagation delay D, with confirmation error probability exponentially small in CD ; 4) eventual total ordering of all transactions. Our approach to the design of this protocol is based on deconstructing the blockchain into its basic functionalities and systematically scaling up these functionalities to approach their physical limits.
亚洲发展中国家的能源效率与节能--过去的经验,未来趋势及投资需求 (1997)

本文分析了几个亚洲发展中国家或地区(中国、印度、印度尼西亚、韩国、菲律宾、中国台湾省以及泰国)1980～1994年期间能源效率与节能情况的变化,重点分析了它们所取得的成就和未来的节能潜力。中国是终端能源密度下降最为迅速的国家,但仍是终端能源密度最高的国家。台湾省的终端能源密度也呈持续的下降趋势,这归因于其采取了适当的能源定价政策,即在稳步转变经济结构的同时,取消了对所有能源的价格补贴。亚洲发展中国家未来节能战略总体上是要继续实行和强化现行的节能措施,并进一步寻求实施需求端管理。需求端管理计划的制度化和节能辅助基金的建立是亚洲发展中国家节能潜力在未来得以实现的强有力的推动力。
Prevalence of ocular demodicosis among patients at Tertiary Care Center, Bangkok, Thailand (2017)

This is the first report on the prevalence of ocular demodicosis in Thailand. Patients with CD also had <i>Demodex</i> mites present. Semi-nested PCR is better than microscopy for <i>Demodex</i> infestation detection. An extensive survey with more representative samples is required to determine the prevalence in the country.
Barycentric Representation and Metric Learning for Facial Expression Recognition (2018)

In this paper, we tackle the problem of dynamic facial expression recognition. An affine-invariant facial shape representation based on barycentric coordinates is proposed and related to the Grassmannian representation. Unlike the latter, the barycentric representation allows us to work directly on Euclidean space and apply a metric learning algorithm to find a suitable metric that is discriminative enough to compare facial shapes under different expressions. Finally, we exploit the learned metric in a machinery combining a Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) phase and a pairwise proximity function SVM classifier for a rate-invariant classification of the facial sequences. Experiments on the AFEW dataset show the effectiveness of our approach while exploiting only geometric features.
Three-color immunofluorescence imaging of Drosophila embryos by laser scanning confocal microscopy. (1993)

We present a simple means for triple-labeling biological specimens by immunofluorescence using a laser scanning confocal microscope for imaging with a krypton/argon laser as a light source. Three separate images of fluorescein-, lissamine rhodamine- and cyanine-5-labeled antibodies are collected and subsequently merged to form the triple-labeled image, which is displayed at full-image resolution (24 bit) on a second image processing system. The technique is illustrated using immunofluorescence localization of three segmentation proteins in Drosophila embryos.
The Role of Tax Treaties in the Use of the Common Law Trust (1998)

The Role of Tax Treaties in the Use of the Common Law Trust Get access Miles Q Dean Miles Q Dean International Fiscal Services Ltd201 Haverstock Hill, London NW3 4QG Tel: +44 171 431 2828 Fax: +44 171 794 1900 Website: http://www.interfis.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Trusts & Trustees, Volume 4, Issue 10, October 1998, Pages 11–19, https://doi.org/10.1093/tandt/4.10.11 Published: 01 October 1998
Analysis on the Navigational Dangerous Elements in Southwestern Coastal Area of Korea (2008)

Since July 2006, marine traffic safety management system have been enforced to support the vessels transiting across the coastal area and the vessels coming in and out of ports in southwestern coastal area where heavy traffic density and marine casualties occurred frequently. The marine traffic volume for the marine traffic environmental assessment was measured by the information from RADAR and AIS system in the area. The distributions of marine casualties were analyzed in the main routes and traffic separation schemes during the last five years and the navigational dangerous elements were investigated with the influence of natural environment, the distribution of fisheries and survey questionnaire. Marine accidents of merchant ships have a tendency to decrease gradually but in case of fishing boats, the rate of marine accidents have a contrary results in this area during the last five years. The dangerous elements on navigation appeared to be the dense force from June to August, fisheries activities and the vessels which not follow the compulsory watch on VHF-band radio communication equipments.
Introduction to RNA Viruses (2017)

RNA viruses replicate their genomes using virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The RNA genome is the template for synthesis of additional RNA strands. During replication of RNA viruses, there are at least three types of RNA that must be synthesized: the genome, a copy of the genome (copy genome), and mRNAs. Some RNA viruses also synthesize copies of subgenomic mRNAs. RdRp is the key player for all of these processes. RdRps of all RNA viruses probably arose from a common ancestor. The RdRp and other proteins required for viral genome synthesis are often called the replicase complex. The replicase complex consists of the set of proteins required to produce infectious genomes. In addition to the RdRp, the replicase complex may contain RNA-helicases (to unwind highly base-paired regions of the RNA genome) and NTPases (to supply energy for the polymerization process). The number of proteins in the replicase complex differs among virus families. There may also be a requirement for host cell proteins. The RNA virus group can be subdivided based on the type of RNA that serves as the genome. Positive or plus (+)-strand RNA viruses have genomes that are functional mRNAs. Their genomes are translated shortly after penetration into the host cell to produce the RdRp (and other viral proteins) required for synthesis of additional viral RNAs. Positive-strand RNA viruses often use large complexes of cellular membranes for genome replication. They actively modify host cell membranes to construct viral replication scaffolds. There are three groups of RNA viruses whose genomes are not mRNAs. They are the negative- or minus-strand RNA viruses, the closely related ambisense RNA viruses, and double-stranded RNA viruses. For each of these groups of viruses, the first synthetic event after genome penetration is transcription. This is accomplished by viral proteins (including the RdRp) that enter cell with the genome.
Dual-Feature Warping-Based Motion Model Estimation (2015)

To break down the geometry assumptions of traditional motion models (e.g., homography, affine), warping-based motion model recently becomes very popular and is adopted in many latest applications (e.g., image stitching, video stabilization). With high degrees of freedom, the accuracy of model heavily relies on data-terms (keypoint correspondences). In some low-texture environments (e.g., indoor) where keypoint feature is insufficient or unreliable, the warping model is often erroneously estimated. In this paper we propose a simple and effective approach by considering both keypoint and line segment correspondences as data-term. Line segment is a prominent feature in artificial environments and it can supply sufficient geometrical and structural information of scenes, which not only helps guild to a correct warp in low-texture condition, but also prevents the undesired distortion induced by warping. The combination aims to complement each other and benefit for a wider range of scenes. Our method is general and can be ported to many existing applications. Experiments demonstrate that using dual-feature yields more robust and accurate result especially for those low-texture images.
Design of a Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (μDMFC) (2001)

Abstract Recently, there has been increased interest in the development of a small-sized direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) for low-power applications. In this paper, the design of a self-activated DMFC stack is presented. Gravitational and capillary forces feed the anode side liquid methanol solution. On the cathode side, air is supplied by thermal and solutal buoyancy forces. Based upon experimental results for a larger test cell, and calculated flow velocities for the small-cell design, the fuel and oxidizer supply rates should be adequate for acceptable performance. The entire DMFC is therefore a pump-less operation and self-activated by electrochemical reactions. At 1 cm3 total volume, the DMFC is expected to provide a power density around 1 W/cm3, with a range of output of 10V, 0.1A to 1 V, 1A depending on the arrangement of individual cell connections.