gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-voltage three-axis electromagnetically actuated micromirror for fine alignment among optical devices (2009)

In this paper, a new three-axis electromagnetically actuated micromirror structure has been proposed and fabricated. It is electromagnetically actuated at low voltage using an external magnetic field. The main purpose of this work was to obtain a three-axis actuated micromirror in a mechanically robust structure with large static angular and vertical displacement at low actuation voltage for fine alignment among optical components in an active alignment module as well as conventional optical systems. The mirror plate and torsion bars are made of bulk silicon using a SOI wafer, and the actuation coils are made of electroplated Au. The maximum static deflection angles were measured as ±4.2° for x-axis actuation and ±9.2° for y-axis actuation, respectively. The maximum static vertical displacement was measured as ±42 µm for z-axis actuation. The actuation voltages were below 3 V for all actuation. The simulated resonant frequencies are several kHz, and these imply that the fabricated micromirror can be operated in sub-millisecond order. The measured radius of curvature (ROC) of the fabricated micromirror is 7.72 cm, and the surface roughness of the reflector is below 1.29 nm which ensure high optical performance such as high directionality and reflectivity. The fabricated micromirror has demonstrated large actuated displacement at low actuation voltage, and it enables us to compensate a larger misalignment value when it is used in an active alignment module. The robust torsion bar and lifting bar structure formed by bulk silicon allowed the proposed micromirror to have greater operating stability. The additional degree of freedom with z-axis actuation can decrease the difficulty in the assembly of optical components and increase the coupling efficiency between optical components.
The effect of tumor CEA content and tumor size on tissue uptake of indium 111-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (1986)

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of tumor size and tumor carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) content on the uptake of indium 111 (111In)-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody in nude mice bearing xenografts. The tumor cell lines were WiDr, SW403, and LS174T, human colon cancer derivatives. The murine breast carcinoma cell line EMT-6 was used as a control. Tumor CEA levels (ng/g of tumor +/- standard error of the mean [SEM], measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were: EMT-6, 0; WiDr, 105 +/- 5.7; LS174T, 2052 +/- 198; SW403, 17,575 +/- 1,785. The 111In-labeled monoclonal antibody was injected intravenously into mice bearing a single tumor. At 48 hours postinjection, scintiscan was performed, and the mice were killed so that biodistribution studies could be performed. The uptake of the monoclonal antibody was expressed as percent injected counts per minute per gram of tissue +/- SEM. The non-CEA-producing tumor, EMT-6, showed the lowest tumor uptake (1.4 +/- 0.3). WiDr, an intermediate CEA-producing tumor, showed some tumor uptake (16.4 +/- 1.5). The high CEA-producing tumors, SW403 and LS174T, had high tumor uptake (29.5 +/- 5.0 and 51.1 +/- 6.1, respectively). Biodistribution and scintiscan quality were closely related. Although LS174T had the best tumor uptake, SW403 had the highest CEA tumor content, indicating tumor CEA content cannot entirely predict scintiscan and biodistribution results. Tumor-to-blood (T/B), tumor-to-liver (T/L), and liver-to-blood (L/B) ratios were calculated for each animal and compared with tumor size. It was found that T/L had a negative correlation with tumor size (r = -0.72) and L/B had a positive correlation with tumor size (r = 0.94). These ratios may be useful clinically to follow response to therapy.
Fast seam carving using partial update and divide and conquer method (2009)

A variety of display devices with different resolutions and aspect ratios require image resizing while preserving the image's important information. Among the many available techniques, the seam carving method is the most promising due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, the optimal seam carving method takes a long computation time due to its nature of sequential processing. This paper proposes two approaches to accelerate the original seam carving method. One is to update the cumulative minimum energy map (CMEM) partially around the seam and another is to process several seams using the divide and conquer (DNC) method. The proposed methods are about 2 ∼ 5 times faster than the original seam carving method, while preserving the image's information as effectively as the original seam carving method.
Disruption of the Acyl-CoA-binding Protein Gene Delays Hepatic Adaptation to Metabolic Changes at Weaning (2010)

The acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam binding inhibitor is an intracellular protein that binds C(14)-C(22) acyl-CoA esters and is thought to act as an acyl-CoA transporter. In vitro analyses have indicated that ACBP can transport acyl-CoA esters between different enzymatic systems; however, little is known about the in vivo function in mammalian cells. We have generated mice with targeted disruption of ACBP (ACBP(-/-)). These mice are viable and fertile and develop normally. However, around weaning, the ACBP(-/-) mice go through a crisis with overall weakness and a slightly decreased growth rate. Using microarray analysis, we show that the liver of ACBP(-/-) mice displays a significantly delayed adaptation to weaning with late induction of target genes of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) family. As a result, hepatic de novo cholesterogenesis is decreased at weaning. The delayed induction of SREBP target genes around weaning is caused by a compromised processing and decreased expression of SREBP precursors, leading to reduced binding of SREBP to target sites in chromatin. In conclusion, lack of ACBP interferes with the normal metabolic adaptation to weaning and leads to delayed induction of the lipogenic gene program in the liver.
ChemInform Abstract: Diazoaldehyde Chemistry. Part 1. Transdiazotization of Acylacetaldehydes in Neutral‐to‐Acidic Medium. A Direct Approach to the Synthesis of α‐Diazo‐β‐oxoaldehydes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An air interface for high bandwidth cellular digital communications on microwave frequencies (2002)

An air interface for use in high throughput digital cellular networks is presented. The design of the interface is one of the contributions to the multidisciplinary Mobile Multimedia Communications (MMC) project at Delft University of Technology. The targets include 155 Megabit per second sustained throughput for high-level users, support for inexpensive mobile stations and support for the Internet protocol (IP), as well as an option for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). The design consists of an hierarchical frame structure that employs a combination of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and time division multiplexing (TDM). A comparison is made with the published results of two other research projects, namely MBS (Mobile Broadband Systems) and Median. A protocol is presented that allows transport of control information and data over this link. This protocol features automatic repeat request (ARQ), support for multiple qualities of service (QoS) and graceful degradation of service quality when the load becomes higher than the capacity. A detailed description of the implementation is given.
The impact of satisfaction, trust, and relationship value on commitment: theoretical considerations and empirical results (2000)

Commitment is as an essential ingredient for successful long-term relationships. Developing a customer&apos;s commitment in business relationships does pay off in increased profits, customer retention, willingness to refer and recommend. Relationship marketing literature suggests customer satisfaction and trust as major determinants of commitment. Recently, practitioners and scholars have identified customer value as a pivotal issue in the management of business relationships. In this article the authors theorize (1) customer satisfaction, (2) customer trust, (3) customer relationship value, and (4) customer commitment as key variables for successful business relationship management. A framework for the interrelationships of these key variables is provided. Drawing upon a database of 230 customer-supplier relationships, this study shows that trust and relationship value are powerful predictors of commitment. The influence of customer satisfaction on commitment is mediated by trust and relationship value. Some theoretical and managerial implications are given. At present researchers as well as practitioners report changes in the nature of industrial customer-supplier relationships. Customers and their suppliers tend to believe that long-term
A RECORDING MAGNETIC VARIOMETER (1955)

The circuit and detecting head of an electronic recording magnetic variometer are described. The apparatus will give continuous and immediately observable values of variations of magnetic field as small as 10 −5 oersted, if necessary.
OKAPI: Evaluating and Enhancing an Experimental Online Catalog (1987)

ORIGINATES from work carried out on the design and evaluation of experimental online catalogs at the Polytechnic of
X-Ray Spectra of Discrete Sources in Cygnus (1972)

X-ray spectral data from a rocket-borne proportional counter exposure to discrete sources in Cygnus are presented. The data from Cyg x-1, Cyg X-2, and Cyg X-S have sufficient statistical significance to clearly indicate mutually exclusive spectral forms for the three. Upper limits are presented for X-ray intensities above 2 keV for Cyg X-4 and Cyg X-5 (Cygnus Loop).
Non-Aqueous Approach to Synthesize Amorphous/Crystalline Metal Oxide-Graphene Nanosheet Hybrid Composites (2010)

Presently, there is a dramatically increasing interest in developing graphene-supported nanocomposites, due to their unprecedented properties. Apart from the methods exposed in previous studies, this work presents a nonaqueous approach of using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to constitute novel metal oxide-graphene hybrid nanocomposites based on graphene nanosheet (GNS) powders. It is demonstrated that this gas−solid strategy exhibits many unique benefits. It reports for the first time that the as-prepared SnO2-GNS nanocomposites are featured with not only tunable morphologies but controllable amorphous and crystalline phases of SnO2 component as well, using SnCl4 and H2O as the ALD precursors. Furthermore, the determinant factors and underlying mechanisms were outlined and discussed in this work. As a consequence, besides the demonstration of ALD as an important approach for nanoarchitecturing novel metal oxide-GNS composites, the as-synthesized SnO2-GNS hybrid nanocomposites provide more choices for many important applications, such as lithium-ion batteries, solar cells, and gas sensing.
T-3-3-2 Development of an In-pipe Inspection Robot Movable for a Long Distance (2002)

This paper presents a prototype of a new in-pipe inspection robot which can move for a long distance. The In-pipe inspection robot system consists of a driving mechanism, a CCD camera and light emitting diodes. The driving mechanism is structured by a rubber bellows, many friction rings and an electromagnetic valve. It is driven by pneumatic pressure and vacuum pressure. These two pressures are switched by the electromagnetic valve. The pneumatic pressure (0.3 MPa [gage]) is used to stretch and the vacuum pressure (-0.08 MPa [gage]) is used to shrink the rubber bellows. The rubber bellows is 33 mm in outer diameter, 23 mm in inner diameter and 150 mm long. The friction rings convert the stretching and shrinking motion of the bellows into the moving force. The CCD camera and the light emitting diodes are able to find for a crack in the pipe. Consequently, The in-pipe inspection robot moves freely in the pipe, and can find the crack. It was possible to move the distance of 20 m with the speed of 24 mm/s.
Changes in transepidermal water loss and the composition of epidermal lecithin after applications of pure fatty acid triglycerides to the skin of essential fatty acid-deficient rats (1976)

The importance of various unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides to the repair of faulty skin barrier function was studied in essential fatty acid-deficient rats. Following cutaneous application of the pure triglycerides for up to 5 days, the hitherto high rate of transepidermal water loss, characteristic of essential fatty acid deficiency in rats, was reduced by the triglycerides of linoleic and gamma-linolenic acids. Incorporation of the applied fatty acids into the lecithin of the epidermis accompanied these changes in water loss, indicating that cutaneously applied triglycerides may be metabolized by the skin and incorporated into complex lipids. Other fatty acid triglycerides, including alpha-linolenic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, arachidonic and omega-7-heneicosatrienoic acid, did not lower the rate of transepidermal water loss, although all were incorporated into epidermal structural lipids. The non-essential oleic acid also had no effect upon the rate of transepidermal water loss. These data suggest that of the two main essential fatty acids that occur in skin, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, the former specifically plays an important role in regulating barrier function whereas the later may have a separate function, such as serving as a precursor of prostaglandins.
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease: A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association (2017)

These recommendations provide updated and best evidence-based guidance to healthcare providers who diagnose and manage Kawasaki disease, but clinical decision making should be individualized to specific patient circumstances.
Ground-Fault Protection of Electrical Systems with Emergency or Standby Power (1977)

Providing reliable ground-fault protection in electrical systems having alternate emergency or standby power can present serious problems unless adequate equipment is selected and properly coordinated. Multiple neutral-to-ground connections may prevent adequate sensing of ground-fault currents and may also cause nuisance tripping of circuit breakers. This paper discusses various approaches that have been proposed to solve these problems. Particular emphasis is placed on code requirements and overall reliability of the electrical systems.
Effects of carnosine on contractile apparatus Ca<sup>2+</sup>sensitivity and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca<sup>2+</sup>release in human skeletal muscle fibers (2011)

There is considerable interest in potential ergogenic and therapeutic effects of increasing skeletal muscle carnosine content, although its effects on excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in human muscle have not been defined. Consequently, we sought to characterize what effects carnosine, at levels attained by supplementation, has on human muscle fiber function, using a preparation with all key EC coupling proteins in their in situ positions. Fiber segments, obtained from vastus lateralis muscle of human subjects by needle biopsy, were mechanically skinned, and their Ca(2+) release and contractile apparatus properties were characterized. Ca(2+) sensitivity of the contractile apparatus was significantly increased by 8 and 16 mM carnosine (increase in pCa(50) of 0.073 ± 0.007 and 0.116 ± 0.006 pCa units, respectively, in six type I fibers, and 0.063 ± 0.018 and 0.103 ± 0.013 pCa units, respectively, in five type II fibers). Caffeine-induced force responses were potentiated by 8 mM carnosine in both type I and II fibers, with the potentiation in type II fibers being entirely explicable by the increase in Ca(2+) sensitivity of the contractile apparatus caused by carnosine. However, the potentiation of caffeine-induced responses caused by carnosine in type I fibers was beyond that expected from the associated increase in Ca(2+) sensitivity of the contractile apparatus and suggestive of increased Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release. Thus increasing muscle carnosine content likely confers benefits to muscle performance in both fiber types by increasing the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the contractile apparatus and possibly also by aiding Ca(2+) release in type I fibers, helping to lessen or slow the decline in muscle performance during fatiguing stimulation.
Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1999)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is pathogenetically involved in many cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. HCV-related HCC is on the rise in many developed countries as a consequence of past infections with HCV. The time lag between HCV infection and cancer development is several decades. HCV-related tumors arise in older patients, are almost invariably associated with cirrhosis, and often have a less aggressive course than HCC related to other etiologic factors. In most patients, HCC grows as a single hepatic node for years before generating satellite or distant tumor nodes. However, there are tumors that originate as multifocal disease. Tumor progression and hepatic failure are the leading causes of death in most patients. HCV has been almost invariably detected in tumor tissue of anti-HCV patients with HCV, but it is not clear whether the virus promotes cancer through chronic hepatocellular inflammation, which is per se an important risk factor for HCC, or has a direct role in liver carcinogenesis. No reverse transcriptase activity has been found in infected livers, but there are data suggesting that HCV has oncogenic properties, because its interacts with cellular genes regulating cell growth and differentiation.
Molecular Cloning and Expression in Escherichia coli of a cDNA . Encoding Human Pancreatic Elastase 2 (1987)

We have cloned a DNA that is complementary to the messenger RNA that encodes human pancreatic elastase 2 from a human pancreatic cDNA library using a cloned cDNA for rat pancreatic elastase 2 messenger RNA. This complementary DNA contains the entire protein coding region of 807 nucleotides which encodes preproelastase of 269 amino acids, and 4 and 82 nucleotides of the 5'- and 3'-untranslated sequences, respectively. When this deduced amino acid sequence was compared with known amino acid sequences it showed 82% homology with rat pancreatic elastase 2. This deduced sequence also contains a 16-amino-acid peptide identical with the N-terminal sequence determined for native human pancreatic proelastase 2. Taking the above findings together, we conclude that the cloned cDNA encodes a mature enzyme of 241 amino acids including 16 and 12 amino acids for a signal peptide and an activation peptide, respectively. Moreover, the predicted key amino acid residues involved in determining the substrate specificity of mammalian pancreatic elastase 2 are retained in the human enzyme. Cloned human pancreatic elastase 2 cDNA was expressed in E. coli as a mature and pro-form protein. Both resulting proteins showed immunoreactivity toward anti-elastase serum and enzymatic activity. We have also cloned and sequenced a porcine pancreatic elastase 2 cDNA.
Evidence That DNA (Cytosine-5) Methyltransferase Regulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus (2006)

DNA (cytosine-5) methylation represents one of the most widely used mechanisms of enduring cellular memory. Stable patterns of DNA methylation are established during development, resulting in creation of persisting cellular phenotypes. There is growing evidence that the nervous system has co-opted a number of cellular mechanisms used during development to subserve the formation of long term memory. In this study, we examined the role DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferase (DNMT) activity might play in regulating the induction of synaptic plasticity. We found that the DNA within promoters for reelin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, genes implicated in the induction of synaptic plasticity in the adult hippocampus, exhibited rapid and dramatic changes in cytosine methylation when DNMT activity was inhibited. Moreover, zebularine and 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine, inhibitors of DNMT activity, blocked the induction of long term potentiation at Schaffer collateral synapses. Activation of protein kinase C in the hippocampus decreased reelin promoter methylation and increased DNMT3A gene expression. Interestingly, DNMT activity is required for protein kinase C-induced increases in histone H3 acetylation. Considered together, these results suggest that DNMT activity is dynamically regulated in the adult nervous system and that DNMT may play a role in regulating the induction of synaptic plasticity in the mature CNS.
Fuzzy control of software systems: A case study (2011)

The increasingly dynamic environments and more complicated software systems are posing high requirements for adaptability. Control theory has been an effective tool to control and manage software systems and then achieves software self-adaptation. Aiming at addressing some challenging problems such as difficult mathematically modeling software in the current control theoretical methods, we propose a fuzzy-control-based approach to achieve software self-adaptation. The general architecture of fuzzy control-based self-adaptation is put forward and discussed. The fuzzy-control-based approach is evaluated with a news-website case study.
Experimental use of a slow release device employing chlorhexidine gluconate in areas of acute periodontal inflammation (1982)

Abstract Eleven patients suffering acute exacerbations of chronic periodontitis were treated by the insertion into affected periodontal pockets of dialysis tubing containing 20% chlorhexidine gluconate. After 7 days, 9 of the 11 patients exhibited greatly reduced crevicular fluid flow, relief of discomfort and the cessation of bleeding on probing.
Downregulation of HLA Class I Antigens in HIV-1-Infected Cells (1989)

By means of indirect immunofluorescence analysis we investigated the effect of HIV-1 infection on HLA class I surface antigens. We report here that in CD4+ HeLa cells, in H9 cells, and in peripheral T lymphocytes HLA class I antigens are downregulated following infection with HIV-1. The downregulation is effected at a posttranscriptional level since the amounts of HLA class I specific mRNA are similar in infected and uninfected cells. This phenomenon is not only correlated with the state of infection, that is, the presence of P24 of HIV-1 in the cells, but also depends on the time of infection. Upon HLA class I downregulation by HIV infection, the specific lysis of peripheral blood cells by allogeneic CTL is reduced.
NOSOLOGICAL ENTITIES?: Chronic facial pain: a multidisciplinary problem (2001)

Atypical facial pain is an unrecognised and unhelpful diagnosis but one which describes chronic pains that do not fit the present classification system. Due to the site of the pain, patients may seek and, indeed, receive treatment from dental practitioners and specialists, but the pain is often unresponsive and may have more in common with unexplained medical symptoms affecting other areas of the body, than with other dental symptoms. This review suggests a need for a diagnostic category of "chronic facial pain", which demands a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management.