gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toughening of Polylactide with Polymerized Soybean Oil (2010)

Polymerized soybean oil (polySOY) and isotactic poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) were melt blended to increase the toughness of PLLA in an all renewable blend. The polySOY samples were prepared by crosslinking soybean oil by the addition of a free radical crosslinking agent or by heating the oil in the presence of oxygen. Soybean oil is relatively nonreactive compared to other vegetable oils, and conjugation of the double bonds within the fatty acid chains of the soybean oil triglyceride prior to crosslinking led to significantly increased reactivity. Poly(isoprene-b-L-lactide) block copolymers were used to compatibilize the blends due to the high degree of immiscibility between PLLA and polySOY. The blending of polySOY and PLLA resulted in significant improvements in the tensile toughness of the blend compared to neat PLLA. The blend morphology was dependent on the polySOY gel fraction or weight-average molar mass; the polySOY characteristics were key indicators of the tensile toughness.
The protein tyrosine phosphatases PTPRZ and PTPRG bind to distinct members of the contactin family of neural recognition molecules (2010)

The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases gamma (PTPRG) and zeta (PTPRZ) are expressed primarily in the nervous system and mediate cell adhesion and signaling events during development. We report here the crystal structures of the carbonic anhydrase-like domains of PTPRZ and PTPRG and show that these domains interact directly with the second and third immunoglobulin repeats of the members of the contactin (CNTN) family of neural recognition molecules. Interestingly, these receptors exhibit distinct specificities: PTPRZ binds only to CNTN1, whereas PTPRG interacts with CNTN3, 4, 5, and 6. Furthermore, we present crystal structures of the four N-terminal immunoglobulin repeats of mouse CNTN4 both alone and in complex with the carbonic anhydrase-like domain of mouse PTPRG. In these structures, the N-terminal region of CNTN4 adopts a horseshoe-like conformation found also in CNTN2 and most likely in all CNTNs. This restrained conformation of the second and third immunoglobulin domains creates a binding site that is conserved among CNTN3, 4, 5, and 6. This site contacts a discrete region of PTPRG composed primarily of an extended beta-hairpin loop found in both PTPRG and PTPRZ. Overall, these findings implicate PTPRG, PTPRZ and CNTNs as a group of receptors and ligands involved in the manifold recognition events that underlie the construction of neural networks.
Sequential Communication Bounds for Fast Linear Algebra (2012)

In this note we obtain communication cost lower and upper bounds on the algorithms for LU and QR given in (Demmel, Dumitriu, and Holtz 2007). The algorithms there use fast, stable matrix multiplication as a subroutine and are shown to be as stable and as computationally efficient as the matrix multiplication subroutine. We show here that they are also as communication-efficient (in the sequential, two-level memory model) as the matrix multiplication algorithm. The analysis for LU and QR extends to all the algorithms in (Demmel, Dumitriu, and Holtz 2007). Further, we prove that in the case of using Strassen-like matrix multiplication, these algorithms are communication optimal.
Rotor time constant determination of induction motor drives via steady-state torque analysis (2002)

The paper presents a simple and straightforward way to calculate the rotor time constant of an induction motor by analysing the steady-state electromagnetic torque. The main advantage of the proposed approach is its simple implementation. Moreover, it can be performed either off-line, as a tool to calculate the rotor time constant of an asynchronous motor, or on-line, to tune a field oriented control (FOC) drive. The only constraint is that a constant load is required during the calculation procedure that a takes few seconds. This is not a problem in laboratory measurements, in a large number of applications in which the load is strictly related to the speed, nor in servo-drives where constant load operation are usually scheduled during the working cycles. A theoretical development of the new rotor time constant calculation procedure is given, followed by a validation of the procedure by means of simulation and experimental tests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Cyanoethylation of Phosphine and Phenylphosphine (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Cyanoethylation of Phosphine and PhenylphosphineM. M. Rauhut, I. Hechenbleikner, Helen A. Currier, F. C. Schaefer, and V. P. WystrachCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 5, 1103–1107Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01514a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01514a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views859Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance of group communication over ad-hoc networks (2003)

We study the performance of reliable and unreliable all-node broadcast over ad-hoc networks that use contention-based channel access. To obtain analytical results while preserving hidden-terminal and node clustering characteristics of ad-hoc networks, we introduce a novel differential-equation fluid model for information flow through a network of cluster trees, where a spanning tree joins groups of fully connected nodes. Through numerical analysis and simulations in GloMoSim, we show throughput, goodput, and loss rates for reliable and unreliable networks. For reliable broadcast, we also find NAK rates, NAK loss rates, and retransmission rates. We show that using end-to-end sequence numbers, which are common in reliable multicast, for NAK generation in ad-hoc networks creates substantial unnecessary traffic.
The rice bran constituent tricin potently inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes and interferes with intestinal carcinogenesis in <i>ApcMin</i> mice (2005)

While brown rice is a staple dietary constituent in Asia, rice consumed in the Western world is generally white, obtained from brown rice by removal of the bran. Rice bran contains the flavone tricin, which has been shown to inhibit colon cancer cell growth. We tested the hypothesis that tricin interferes with adenoma formation in the Apc(Min) mouse. Mice received tricin (0.2%) in their American Institute of Nutrition 93G diet throughout their postweaning life span (4-18 weeks). Consumption of tricin reduced numbers of intestinal adenomas by 33% (P < 0.05) compared with mice on control diet. We explored whether tricin may exert its effect via inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Its effect on COX activity was assessed in purified enzyme preparations in vitro and its ability to reduce prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) levels in human colon-derived human colon epithelial cell (HCEC) and HCA-7 cells in vitro and in Apc(Min) mice in vivo. Tricin inhibited activity of purified COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme preparations with IC(50) values of approximately 1 micromol/L. At 5 micromol/L, it reduced PGE(2) production in HCEC or HCA-7 cells by 36% (P < 0.01) and 35% (P < 0.05), respectively. COX-2 expression was reduced by tricin weakly in HCEC and unaffected in HCA-7 cells. PGE(2) levels in the small intestinal mucosa and blood of Apc(Min) mice that had received tricin were reduced by 34% (P < 0.01) and 40% (P < 0.05), respectively, compared with control mice. The results suggest that tricin should be further evaluated as a putative colorectal cancer chemopreventive agent.
American Society of Clinical Oncology Guideline: Recommendations for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment in Patients With Cancer (2007)

Recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology VTE Guideline Panel include (1) all hospitalized cancer patients should be considered for VTE prophylaxis with anticoagulants in the absence of bleeding or other contraindications; (2) routine prophylaxis of ambulatory cancer patients with anticoagulation is not recommended, with the exception of patients receiving thalidomide or lenalidomide; (3) patients undergoing major surgery for malignant disease should be considered for pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis; (4) low molecular weight heparin represents the preferred agent for both the initial and continuing treatment of cancer patients with established VTE; and (5) the impact of anticoagulants on cancer patient survival requires additional study and cannot be recommended at present.
Nutritional factors controlling exocellular protease production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1980)

A defined medium capable of supporting growth and exocellular protease production by clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been developed. Control of protease production is effected by a mixture of three amino acids and glucose.
Using Hydrosilylation To Assemble Organometallic Polymers Containing Combinations of Silicon-Based Functional Groups (1997)

A set of silicon-based monomers has been prepared by a series of hydrosilylation reactions. These compounds serve as a molecular set of organosilicon compounds from which well-defined oligomers can be assembled. The organic functional groups contained in the monomers include alkynes, diynes, and arylsilanes for use as ligands for transition metals, and also disiloxanes. Depending upon the catalyst and temperature used, it was possible to prepare symmetric or asymmetric molecules from Ph2SiH2, 2. The direct polymerization of these small molecules was limited by the degree to which the concentration of functional groups could be matched; decamers were the highest molecular weight materials prepared. These fragments were also oligomerized with a HSi-terminated silicone to give a functional organosilicone polymer of molecular weight M̄w = 140 000.
[Presence of antibodies against rifampicin in patients under tuberculostatic treatment]. (1981)

The study was carried out in 105 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis undergoing treatment with 900 mg of rifampicin in association with 1 or 2 tuberculostatics. The drugs were given twice weekly. Between 1 and 3 investigations were performed in each patient, using the method introduced by Poole for the detection of anti-RMP antibodies. The tests were performed indifferent of the presence, or absence of clinical signs, or of biologic signs that could have suggested the development of an adverse reaction. In 34 patients (32,3%) anti-RMP antibodies were evidenced, but in only 25 of them, presenting clinical or biologicaly signs that suggested adverse reactions to rifampicin the treatment was interrupted (temporarily in 9 cases and definitively in the remaining 16). In 9 patients (8,5%) the presence of anti-RMP antibodies was demonstrated but since there were no signs of intolerance to the drug the treatment was continued. After 3--6 weeks adverse manifestations occurred also in these patients, making mandatory the definitive interruption of the treatment in 4 of them. The presence of adverse reactions without an accompanying increase in the titer of anti-RMP antibodies determined the suppression of the treatment in 3 cases. Investigation of anti-RMP antibodies has proved to be an useful method of immunological investigation, providing important data for the! interpretation of immunological mechanisms, and for the prophylaxis of adverse reactions of the immunologic type.
Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties of Energetic Compounds Derived from 3‐Amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (2011)

Abstract Five energetic compounds, 3,3‐bis(tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐4,4‐azofurazan (DTZAF), 3‐nitro‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (NTZF), hydrazinium 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (HATZF), triaminoguanidinium 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐ 5‐yl)furazan (TAGATZF) and guanylureaium 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (MATZF), were prepared using 3‐amino‐4‐(tetrazol‐5‐yl)furazan (ATZF) as starting material and their structures were characterized by FT‐IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and elemental analysis. The properties of NTZF were estimated:density is 1.67 g/cm 3 , enthalpy of formation +415.41 kJ/mol and detonation velocity 8257.83 m/s. The main thermal properties of four compounds, DTZAF, HATZF, TAGATZF and MATZF, were analyzed by TG and DSC techniques and the results showed that their melting points are 251.9, 159.7, 205.4 and 211.4°C, respectively, and their first decomposition temperatures are 256.7, 258.6, 231.7 and 268.6°C, respectively. The fact that their decomposition temperatures were over 230°C showed that they exhibit better thermal stability.
Sequence duplication and internal deletion in the integrated human papillomavirus type 16 genome cloned from a cervical carcinoma (1988)

Integrated human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) sequences were cloned from a cervical carcinoma and analyzed by restriction mapping and nucleotide sequencing. The viral integration sites were mapped within the E1 and E2 open reading frames (ORFs). The E4 and E5 ORFs were entirely deleted. An internal deletion of 376 base pairs (bp) was found disrupting the L1 and L2 ORFs. Sequencing analysis showed that an AGATGT/ACATCT inverted repeat marked the deletion junction with two flanking direct repeats 14 and 8 bp in length. A 1,330-bp sequence duplication containing the long control region (LCR) and the E6 and E7 ORFs was also found. The duplication junction was formed by two 24-bp direct repeats with 79% (19 of 24) homology located within the LCR and the E2 ORF of the prototype viral genome, respectively. This observation leads us to propose that the initial viral integration involved an HPV16 dimer in which the direct repeats in tandem units recombined, resulting in reiteration of only a portion of the original duplication. A guanosine insertion between nucleotides 1137 and 1138 created a continuous E1 ORF which was previously shown to be disrupted. Results from this study indicate that sequence reiteration and internal deletion in the integrated, and possibly in the episomal, HPV16 genome are influenced by specific nucleotide sequences in the viral genome. Moreover, reiteration of the LCR/E6/E7 sequences further supports the hypothesis that the E6/E7 ORFs may code for oncogenic proteins and that regulatory signals in the LCR may play a role in cellular transformation.
Density-based clustering and radial basis function modeling to generate credit card fraud scores (2002)

Historical information on credit card transactions can be used to generate a fraud score which can then be used to reduce credit card fraud. The report describes a fraud-nonfraud classification methodology using a radial basis function network (RBFN) with a density based clustering approach. The input data is transformed into the cardinal component space and clustering as well as RBFN modeling is done using a few cardinal components. The methodology has been tested on a fraud detection problem and the preliminary results obtained are satisfactory.
Distribution and Valence State of Ru Species on CeO<sub>2</sub> Supports: Support Shape Effect and Its Influence on CO Oxidation (2019)

In this work, ruthenium (Ru) catalysts supported on CeO2 nanorods (NR), nanocubes (NC), and nanoctahedra (NO) were comparatively investigated to correlate the shape and exposed surface planes ({100}, {110}, and {111}) of nanoscale CeO2 supports with their low-temperature CO oxidation activity. Within the 5Ru/CeO2-r catalysts with three morphologies after reduction treatment, the Ru supported on CeO2 NR exhibited enhanced low-temperature (<100 °C) hydrogen consumption and superior room-temperature CO oxidation activity (∼9% CO conversion). Both X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements revealed that Run+ homogeneously predominates the 5Ru/CeO2NR-r, which is very different from partial metallic Ru0 supported on CeO2 NC and NO, indicating the strong metal–support interaction formation between Ru and CeO2 NR by Ru ions diffusing into CeO2 surface lattice or forming Ru–O–Ce bonds at the interface. The enriched surface defects on the exposed {111} planes of CeO2 NR support are believed to be the key to the formation of cationic Ru species, which is of vital importance for the superior room-temperature CO oxidation activity of the 5Ru/CeO2NR-r catalyst. The higher surface oxygen vacancy concentration on 5Ru/CeO2NR-r than those on the CeO2 NC and NO is also crucial for adsorption/dissociation of oxygen in achieving low-temperature CO oxidation activity.
The SuperSPARCTM Microprocessor (1992)

The Texas Instruments SuperSPARCTM microprocessor is a highly integrated, high performance superscalar SPARCTM version 8 compatible microprocessor. This paper provides an overview of its internal operation and capabilities. The processor contains an integer unit, double precision floating point unit, fully consistent instruction and data caches, a SPARC reference memory management unit, and a dual mode bus interface supporting either the SPARC standard MBUS, or an interface optimized for connection to a companion second level cache controller chip.’[ 13 The chip is constructed using Texas Instruments 0.8~ triple layer metal BiCMOS technology[2].
Hydrogel-microsphere-enhanced surface plasmon resonance for the detection of a K-ras point mutation employing peptide nucleic acid (2003)

Highly-sensitive detection of a K-ras point mutation in codon 12, frequently found in pancreatic cancer, based on DNA-carrying hydrogel microspheres as a response enhancer for surface plasmon resonance (SPR), is described. Acrylamide-based microspheres with carboxyl groups were conjugated with DNA probes. Use of the DNA-carrying microsphere in the sandwich method, that is, binding of the microspheres with target DNAs at the sensor surface, enhanced the SPR response as a combined result of increased dielectric constant by the DNA-carrying microspheres. Microspheres lead to response enhancement, as shown by a 100-fold increase in sensitivity compared to that of non-amplified DNA target hybridization. In addition, the advantage of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in the detection of a K-ras point mutation at the sensor surface by increasing temperature and flow rate is discussed. Results illustrate that the sandwich method through DNA-carrying microspheres for a SPR sensor is a promising approach for ultrasensitive DNA detection.
Observations on the distribution and conservation status of the Neotropical river otter (Lontra longicaudis) in the coastal lagoons of the Uruguayan Atlantic basin and their main tributaries (2001)

There are very few studies on Neotropical river otters (Lontra longicaudis) in Uruguay. However, the species is nowadays considered to be fairly common in the country. This paper reports on its distribution and current conservation status in the Uruguayan Atlantic basin. It provides some information on activity patterns, diet, and interactions with fishermen. The presence of otters was evaluated through interviews with fishermen and local people, and through field surveys in 1999 and 2000. Otter presence was recorded in every lagoon and tributary surveyed. Local people consider that Neotropical river otters are currently more abundant than they were 10 years ago. This recovery is probably the consequence of the ceasing of commercial hunting. Otters are both day and night active, though foraging takes place more during the night. All year round, otters are frequently seen in small groups, which may indicate that they are more social than generally thought. Most of the dietary items recorded were fish and crustaceans, but preying on mammals, birds, and reptiles were also recorded. Interactions of otters with fishermen go far beyond preying on fish trapped in nets. Local fishermen do not perceive these animals as competitors, but as sympathetic companions.
Search for Documents Concerning Socialist Thought and Policy in Tropical Africa: Progress Report (1983)

The idea to undertake this project began when Zed Press commissioned Ben Turok as editor for a collection of documents on the above subject as part of a series called ‘The African Liberation Reader’. The scope of the collection of documents was to be determined by its editor, Ben Turok, who had been briefed to collect documents for publication in two volumes. Such a task required collaborative effort, both in terms of identifying sources/institutions to write to at home and abroad as well as ascertaining if any relevant material already existed locally. In effect, a strategy had to be worked out in order to undertake the project with some measure of success, especially since any cost involved in collecting the documents would not be met by the publisher.
Backward Step: the Right Direction for Production Workflow Systems. (1999)

This paper describes experiences from the implementation of backward recovery for a commercial production workflow system. As a result of our research we found that compensation based backwards recovery is the most suitable approach for an external solution. Most importantly, the work has demonstrated that providing business level backward recovery is possible in the workflow domain, and that external, design-level work is relevant for product enhancement. The production workflow system used for the implementation of our work is IBM MQ Workflow. The advanced prototype is named FlowBack.
Routing and wavelength assignment for advance reservation in wavelength-routed WDM optical networks (2003)

Advance reservation is a useful network service that can not only provide guaranteed services for real-time applications but also allow networks to better plan their resource allocations. In this paper, we explore advance reservation in optical networks and focus on the design of effective routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithms to support advance reservation service in wavelength-routed WDM networks. We first introduce the advance reservation concept and present an advance reservation model. Based on this reservation model, we study the design of effective RWA algorithms for different types of advance reservation and give some example algorithms. We also discuss related issues involved in supporting the coexistence of advance and immediate reservations. In addition, we briefly review some related work on advance reservation and the underlying RWA problem in wavelength-routed WDM networks.
Machine learning and pattern classification in identification of indigenous retinal pathology (2011)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes, which if untreated leads to blindness. DR early diagnosis and treatment improve outcomes. Automated assessment of single lesions associated with DR has been investigated for sometime. To improve on classification, especially across different ethnic groups, we present an approach using points-of-interest and visual dictionary that contains important features required to identify retinal pathology. Variation in images of the human retina with respect to differences in pigmentation and presence of diverse lesions can be analyzed without the necessity of preprocessing and utilizing different training sets to account for ethnic differences for instance.