gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strain and Sex Differences in Anxiety-Like and Social Behaviors in C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ Mice (2011)

Mood disorders are more frequent in women than men, however, the majority of research has focused on male rodents as animal models. We used a variety of common behavioral tests to look for differences in anxiety-like and social behaviors between and within C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice. Our results show that female C57BL/6J mice exhibited lower levels of anxiety-like behavior and higher levels of activity than female BALB/cJ during the open field and elevated plus maze tests. Principal component analysis generated more factors in the behavioral variables of males than females. In the open field, a sex difference was also found and factor 1 emerged as anxiety in males, and motor activity in females. While C57BL/6J mice were found to have higher levels of social exploration and social contacts, differences were found between the sexes (females were more social) in both strains for this measure and also for anxiety-like behaviors. When interacting with animals of the same sex, levels of sniffing body and huddling in both male and female C57BL/6J mice were higher than those in male and female BALB/cJ mice. However, in the between-sex interactions, male C57BL/6J mice sniffed the stimulus mouse less, and female C57BL/6J mice sniffed the stimulus more compared to BALB/cJ mice. This study provides important behavioral phenotypes and confirms the multidimensional behavioral structure of two widely used mice strains.
Combining a Volatile and Nonvolatile Memristor in Artificial Synapse to Improve Learning in Spiking Neural Networks (2016)

International audience
Prevention of recurrence after surgery for Crohn’s disease: Efficacy of infliximab (2010)

After surgery for Crohn's disease (CD), early endoscopic lesions are frequently observed despite no symptomatic recurrence. The severity of lesions found at postoperative endoscopy is reported to be a strong predictive factor for future clinical recurrence. If endoscopic lesions in the early postoperative period can be reduced with medications, symptomatic recurrence will likely be delayed and decreased. Before the introduction of biologic therapies, various medications were used for the maintenance of clinical remission after surgery; however, few demonstrated consistent efficacy. Infliximab is a recombinant anti-tumor necrosis factor-α antibody. Although infliximab is one of the most effective medications in the management of CD, its efficacy for early endoscopic lesions after surgery has not yet been assessed. The author and colleagues recently conducted a prospective study in order to investigate the impact of infliximab on early endoscopic lesions after resection for CD. We found that infliximab therapy showed clear suppressive effects on clinical and endoscopic disease activity in patients with early endoscopic lesions after resection.
Cellular immunosuppressive protein in the plasma of parasitized insect larvae. (1994)

Evidence that endoparsitoid wasps may suppress the host cellular defense reaction in order to survive within the hemocoel of their host insects was obtained by isolating a cellular immunosuppressive factor from the larval plasma (hemolymph without cells) of the armyworm Pseudaletia separata parasitized with the wasp Cotesia kariyai. The purified proteinaceous factor suppresses hemocyte degranulation and subsequent immune reactions such as nodule formation and encapsulation in the armyworm larvae. The immunosuppressive protein exists not only in the plasma of parasitized larvae but also in the plasma of unparasitized larvae. However, its concentration is much less in unparasitized than in parasitized larvae. Purification procedures involved gel exclusion, ion exchange, and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Gel exclusion HPLC and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggest an approximately 470-kDa hexamer composed of identical subunits of 82 kDa. Aryl amino acids such as tyrosine and phenylalanine comprise about 20% of the total protein amino acid. The sequence of 28 amino acid residues at the amino terminus of the factor was determined to be as follows: Ser-Val-Val-Pro-Thr-Lys-His-Glu-Ile-Lys-Val-Lys-Ala-Val-Glu- Pro-Gln-Tyr-Ile-Xaa-Tyr-Gln-Arg-Lys-Ile-Leu-Ala-Leu-Phe.
High Density n-Si/n-TiO<sub>2</sub>Core/Shell Nanowire Arrays with Enhanced Photoactivity (2008)

There are currently great needs to develop low-cost inorganic materials that can efficiently perform solar water splitting as photoelectrolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen has significant potential to provide clean energy. We investigate the Si/TiO(2) nanowire heterostructures to determine their potential for the photooxidation of water. We observed that highly dense Si/TiO(2) core/shell nanowire arrays enhanced the photocurrent by 2.5 times compared to planar Si/TiO(2) structure due to their low reflectance and high surface area. We also showed that n-Si/n-TiO(2) nanowire arrays exhibited a larger photocurrent and open circuit voltage than p-Si/n-TiO(2) nanowires due to a barrier at the heterojunction.
A likelihood ratio-based method to predict exact pedigrees for complex families from next-generation sequencing data (2016)

A java standalone application that computes the relationships between multiple samples as well as a Rscript that visualizes the pedigree information is available for download as well as a web service at www.gene-talk.de CONTACT: heinrich@molgen.mpg.deSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Extended Endocardial Repair of Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: New Operative Technique?Modification of the Komeda-David Operation (1994)

Between January 1992 and November 1992, four consecutive patients (ages 53 to 81 years) underwent early surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal ruptures using a new simple operative technique. The principles of the technique are longitudinal incision of the infarcted left anterior ventricular wall, placement of a saccular patch of single equine pericardium that covers the infarcted left ventricular wall, and large buttressed suture closure of the left ventriculotomy. The infarcted septum and infarcted left ventricular wall are completely separated from the left ventricular cavity. In this procedure, the infarcted myocardium is not resected, and left and right ventricular muscles are preserved. This technique is simple and safe for use in the acute phase of myocardial infarction, and it preserves ventricular function after surgery.
MHD Phenomena at ASDEX Upgrade (1999)

The onset of neoclassical tearing modes leads to the most serious limit at ASDEX Upgrade.The p value for the onset of neoclassical tearing modes is found to be proportional to the ion gyro-radius for collisionless plasmas as proposed by the ion polarisation current model.Larger collisionalities have a stabilizing e ect.Sawtooth crashes or shbones can trigger the mode, and in a few cases it appears spontaneously.Fishbones are shown to be able to cause magnetic reconnection.The fractional energy loss due to a 3,2 mode saturates for large pressures at around 25 .In discharges with large impurity accumulation unusual MHD phenomena suc h as cascades of high-n tearing modes and modes driven by positive pressure gradients have been found. EX8/2
Comparing Growth Rates of Dam- and Hand-Raised Bighorn Sheep, Pronghorn, and Elk Neonates (1994)

Margaret A. Wild, Michael W. Miller, Dan L. Baker, N. Thompson Hobbs, R. Bruce Gill, Barbara J. Maynard, Comparing Growth Rates of Dam- and Hand-Raised Bighorn Sheep, Pronghorn, and Elk Neonates, The Journal of Wildlife Management, Vol. 58, No. 2 (Apr., 1994), pp. 340-347
Catalytic coupling of aromatics and olefins by homogeneous palladium(II) compounds under oxygen (1971)

The use of mild oxygen pressure in conjunction with homogeneous palladium(II) compounds in appropriate solvents allows coupling of aromatics and olefins to proceed catalytically with respect to the metal.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of a Dithiolate/Phosphine-Protected Au<sub>28</sub> Nanocluster (2016)

While monothiols and simple phosphines are commonly exploited for size-controlled synthesis of atomically precise gold nanoclusters (NCs), dithiols or dithiol-phosphine combinations are seldom applied. Herein, we used a dithiol (benzene-1,3-dithiol, BDT) and a phosphine (triphenylphosphine, TPP) together as ligands and synthesized an atomically precise gold NC with the formula [Au28(BDT)4(TPP)9]2+. This NC exhibited multiple absorption features and a charge of +2, which are distinctly different from the reported all-thiolated [Au28(SR)20]0 NC (SR: monothiolate). The composition of [Au28(BDT)4(TPP)9]2+ NC was deduced from high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS) and it was further corroborated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) revealed a HOMO–LUMO gap of 1.27 eV, which is in good agreement with the energy gap of 1.3 eV obtained from its UV–vis spectrum. The successful synthesis of atomically precise, dithiol-protected Au28 NC would stimulate theoretical and experimental research into bidentate ligands as a new path for expanding the library of different metal NCs, which have so far been dominated by monodentate thiols.
Combustion Assisted Gravity Drainage (CAGD) Appears Promising (2010)

Abstract In-situ combustion (ISC) is an effective thermal recovery process that provides an important alternative to steam injection. However, the conventional ISC process has many apparent failures, which are mainly related to inappropriate reservoir application and instability of the process. Operational difficulties like gravity segregation, air channeling, unfavorable air to oil ratio and low sweep efficiency affect the performance of ISC. Horizontal well air injection is an interesting concept, which through positioning of horizontal wells attempts to overcome the problems that make ISC challenging. Combustion Assisted Gravity Drainage (CAGD) is a new EOR process that use dual horizontal wells for injection of air and production of heavy oil. One important feature of this technique is that the properly oriented dual horizontal wells aid the development of combustion chamber and stabilized growth of the combustion front. In this research, detailed reservoir simulations are conducted to examine the performance of the CAGD process in comparison to other practiced thermal recovery methods like Steam Assistance Gravity Drainage (SAGD) and Toe to Heel air injection (THAI). The results reveal that CAGD process has the lower cumulative energy to oil ratio in comparison to other two methods and its oil production rate is comparable to SAGD. The research identifies CAGD as a potential alternative to ISC method.
No Discrepancy between in Vivo Gene Marking Efficiency Assessed in Peripheral Blood Populations Compared with Bone Marrow Progenitors or CD34+ Cells (1999)

Reports of 1- to 2-log higher gene transfer levels in purified CD34+ cells or marrow CFU compared with levels in mature circulating blood cells after transplantation of retrovirally transduced primitive human hematopoietic cells have resulted in concern that transduced progenitors do not contribute proportionally to ongoing hematopoiesis (Kohn et al., 1995; Brenner, 1996). To study the issue in a relevant large animal, we analyzed samples of mature blood cells, marrow CD34-enriched cells and marrow CD34-depleted cells, and marrow CFU from a cohort of 11 rhesus transplanted with retrovirally transduced cells and followed for up to 5.5 years. They were transplanted with CD34-enriched bone marrow (BM) or G-CSF/SCF-mobilized peripheral blood (PB) cells transduced with vectors containing either neo, human glucocerebrosidase, or murine adenosine deaminase genes. There were no significant differences between the levels of vector sequences found in BM CD34+ cells, BM CD34- cells, PB granulocytes, or PB mononuclear cells (MNCs) in any animal. In four animals transplanted with SCF/G-CSF-primed BM cells and analyzed 3-6 months posttransplantation, the percentage of CFU containing the neo vector appeared to be 1 log higher than the representation of marked cells in the PB of these animals, but this discrepancy did not persist at time points greater than 6 months posttransplantation. The level of CFU marking was no higher than PB granulocyte or MNC marking at any time points in the other animals. Low levels of mature gene-modified cells probably reflect poor transduction of repopulating stem cells, not a block in differentiation or specific immune rejection of mature cells. This study represents the longest follow-up of primates transplanted with transduced hematopoietic cells, and it is encouraging that the levels of vector-containing cells appear stable for up to 5 years.
Reconfigurable Silicon-Photonic Network with Improved Channel Sharing for Multicore Architectures (2015)

On-chip communication is widely considered to be one of the major performance bottlenecks in contemporary chip multiprocessors (CMPs). With recent advances in silicon nanophotonics, photonic-based networks-on-chip (NoCs) are being considered as a viable option for communication in emerging CMPs as they can enable higher bandwidth and lower power dissipation compared to traditional electrical NoCs. In this paper, we present UltraNoC, a novel reconfigurable silicon-photonic NoC architecture that features improved channel sharing and supports dynamic re-prioritization and exchange of bandwidth between clusters of cores running multiple applications, to increase channel utilization and performance. Experimental results show that UltraNoC improves throughput by up to 9.8× while reducing latency by up to 55% and energy-delay product by up to 90% over state-of-the-art solutions.
GReM: Dynamic SSD resource allocation in virtualized storage systems with heterogeneous IO workloads (2016)

In a shared virtualized storage system that runs VMs with heterogeneous IO demands, it becomes a problem for the hypervisor to cost-effectively partition and allocate SSD resources among multiple VMs. There are two straightforward approaches to solving this problem: equally assigning SSDs to each VM or managing SSD resources in a fair competition mode. Unfortunately, neither of these approaches can fully utilize the benefits of SSD resources, particularly when the workloads frequently change and bursty IOs occur from time to time. In this paper, we design a Global SSD Resource Management solution - GReM, which aims to fully utilize SSD resources as a second-level cache under the consideration of performance isolation. In particular, GReM takes dynamic IO demands of all VMs into consideration to split the entire SSD space into a long-term zone and a short-term zone, and cost-effectively updates the content of SSDs in these two zones. GReM is able to adaptively adjust the reservation for each VM inside the long-term zone based on their IO changes. GReM can further dynamically partition SSDs between the long- and short-term zones during runtime by leveraging the feedbacks from both cache performance and bursty workloads. Experimental results show that GReM can capture the cross-VM IO changes to make correct decisions on resource allocation, and thus obtain high IO hit ratio and low IO management costs, compared with both traditional and state-of-the-art caching algorithms.
Cross-platform model-driven development of mobile applications with md <sup>2</sup> (2013)

Mobile applications usually need to be provided for more than one operating system. Developing native apps separately for each platform is a laborious and expensive undertaking. Hence, cross-platform approaches have emerged, most of them based on Web technologies. While these enable developers to use a single code base for all platforms, resulting apps lack a native look & feel. This, however, is often desired by users and businesses. Furthermore, they have a low abstraction level. We propose MD2, an approach for model-driven cross-platform development of apps. With MD2, developers specify an app in a high-level (domain-specific) language designed for describing business apps succinctly. From this model, purely native apps for Android and iOS are automatically generated. MD2 was developed in close cooperation with industry partners and provides means to develop data-driven apps with a native look and feel. Apps can access the device hardware and interact with remote servers.
Accent, Dialect, and Vocabulary in the Reflective Process: A Question of Ethics (2008)

In this article the authors reflect on the impact of differences in accent, dialect, and vocabulary in a family meeting that occurred in a family therapy training clinic. Some ways in which these linguistic factors may provoke social distancing between participants and impede the development of meaning between therapist, family, and reflecting team are examined. Because language is constructive of our personal and social worlds, dilemmas associated with these aspects of communication are framed as ethical in nature. Some tentative implications for a relationally responsive ethical practice are discussed.
Localized epidermolysis bullosa. Report of two cases and evaluation of therapy with glutaraldehyde (1974)

In two patients with localized epidermolysis bullosa (recurrent bullous eruption of the hands and feet or Weber-Cockayne syndrome), experimentally induced blisters were studied histopathologically. The blisters showed cleft formation in the suprabasal layer of the epidermis. Therapy with topically applied 10% glutaraldehyde was found to be beneficial, but the irritant and skin-sensitizing side-effects of this chemical proved to be a limiting factor in its use.
Numerical study of a particle method for gradient flows (2016)

We study the numerical behaviour of a particle method for gradient flows involving linear and nonlinear diffusion. This method relies on the discretisation of the energy via non-overlapping balls centred at the particles. The resulting scheme preserves the gradient flow structure at the particle level and enables us to obtain a gradient descent formulation after time discretisation. We give several simulations to illustrate the validity of this method, as well as a detailed study of one-dimensional aggregation-diffusion equations.
Novel Nanolaminates for Aerospace Applications (2006)

Nanolaminate manufacturing (NLM) is a new way of developing materials whose properties can far exceed those of homogeneous materials. Traditional alloys, composites and bulk laminates tend to average the properties of the materials from which they were made. With nanostructured materials, the high density of interfaces between dissimilar materials results in novel material properties. For example, materials made -from alternating nanoscale layers of metals and oxides have exhibited thermal conductivities far below those of the oxides themselves. Also, metallic nanolaminates can have peak strengths 100 times lager than the bulk constituent metals. Recent work at MSFC has focused on the development of nickel/aluminum oxide (Ni/Al2O3)) nanolaminates. Ni/Al2O3 nanolaminates are expected to have better strength, creep and fatigue resistance, oxygen compatibility, and corrosion resistance than the traditional metal-matrix composites of this material, which has been used in a variety of aerospace applications. A chemical vapor deposition (CW) system has been developed and optimized for the deposition of nanolaminates. Nanolaminates with layer thicknesses between 10 and 300 nm have been successfully grown and characterization has included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) Nanolaminates have a large variety of potential applications. They can be tailored to have both very small and anisotropic thermal conductivities and are promising as thermal coatings for both rock$ engine components and aerobraking structures. They also have the potential to be used in aerospace applications where strength at high temperatures, corrosion resistance or resistance to hydrogen embrittlement is important. Both CVD and magnetron sputtering facilities are available for the deposition of nanolayered materials. Characterization equipment includes SEM, AFM, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, optical profilometry, and mechanical tensile pull testing.
Resistance, rights and rituals: denominational schools and multicultural education (1987)

Abstract In recent years a substantial number of LEAS have introduced policies concerned with the promotion of cultural diversity and/or the eradication of racial inequality in education. In this article we consider the impact of this trend on the voluntary aided sector of education. Our analysis draws on the findings of our research into the relationship between LEA policy and school practices in ‘Milltown’. Our two surveys revealed a significant disparity between the country and voluntary sectors in an interest in and institutional response to multicultural education. We suggest denominational schools have failed to embrace this new conception of educational reform. We then consider the cognate debates of separate schooling for some minority groups and the way this issue was dealt with in the Swann Report (1985). We conclude that in the long term the place of the dual system of schooling must be reconsidered if processes of racial inequality in education are to be mitigated.
Dietary conjugated linoleic acids promote fatty streak formation in the C57BL/6 mouse atherosclerosis model (1999)

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are positional isomers of linoleic acid which have been suggested by some to possess antiatherosclerotic properties. To test this hypothesis, three groups of twenty C57BL/6 mice were fed on atherogenic diets containing: 5 g CLA/kg, 2.5 g CLA + 2.5 g linoleic acid/kg or 5 g linoleic acid/kg. All diets were fed for 15 weeks and contained (g/kg): triacylglycerol 145, free fatty acids 5, cholesterol 10 and cholic acid 5. At the completion of the experimental period, when data from both groups fed on CLA were combined, dietary CLA did not produce significant differences in body weight, serum total cholesterol concentration or serum HDL-cholesterol concentration. However, mice receiving CLA developed a significantly higher serum HDL-cholesterol: total cholesterol ratio and a significantly lower serum triacylglycerol concentration than controls. Despite causing a serum lipoprotein profile considered to be less atherogenic, the addition of CLA to the atherogenic diet increased the development of aortic fatty streaks. Considering the increased atherogenesis associated with dietary CLA in the present study, and the failure to demonstrate a significant beneficial effect of CLA in other animal studies, there is currently no conclusive evidence to support the hypothesis that CLA protect against atherogenesis.
Profile of laser-produced acoustic pulse in a liquid (1984)

Recently, Lai and Young [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72, 2000 (1982)] and Heritier [Opt. Commun. 44, 267 (1983)] have independently calculated the profile of a thermo-elastically generated opto-acoustic pulse due to the passage of an excitation laser pulse of certain spatial and temporal intensity distributions in a weakly absorbing medium. We have found that their results are essentially equivalent for Gaussian intensity distribution of the excitation laser. We report the first experimental verification of such theoretical opto-acoustic profiles excited by laser pulses of various pulse widths τFWHM (8 ns and 1.3 μs) focused to different beam waists w0. Our observation of the profile is performed with a probe beam deflection technique instead of using conventional acoustic transducers which have limited rise times and nonflat frequency response. Our results are in reasonable agreement with theory, and clearly indicate that sharp opto-acoustic pulses can be generated by laser pulses of short τFWHM and small w0.