gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Replication of DNA templates containing 5-formyluracil, a major oxidative lesion of thymine in DNA (1997)

5-Formyluracil (5-foU) is a major lesion of thymine produced in DNA by ionizing radiation and various chemical oxidants. To assess its biochemical effects on DNA replication, 22mer oligonucleotide templates containing an internal 5-foU at defined sites were synthesized by the phosphoramidite method and examined for ability to serve as a template for various DNA polymerases in vitro . Klenow fragments with and without 3'-->5'exonuclease of DNA polymerase I, Thermus thermophilus DNA polymerase (exonuclease-deficient) and Pyrococcus furiosus DNA polymerase (exonuclease-proficient) read through the site of 5-foU in the template. Primer extension assays revealed that the 5-foU directed not only incorporation of dAMP but also dCMP opposite the lesion during DNA synthesis. Misincorporation opposite 5-foU was unaffected by 3'-->5' exonuclease activity. DNA polymerases had different dissociation rates from a dCMP/T mispair and from a dCMP/5-foU mispair. The incorporation of an 'incorrect' nucleotide was dependent on the sequence context and DNA polymerase used. These results suggest that 5-foU produced in DNA has mutagenic potential leading to T-->G transversions during DNA synthesis.
Flyash alkali technology - low cost flue gas desulfurization (1980)

In December 1976, Minnesota Power and Light, Duluth, Minnesota, awarded a contract to Peabody Process Systems for an Air Quality Control System for the 500MW Clay Boswell Unit number4, Cohasset, Minnesota. This system is designed for integral particulate and SO/sub 2/ removal using a Venturi and spray tower absorber. Prior to commissioning of the 500MW unit, Minnesota Power and Light instituted a pilot plant test program of 18 months duration in which the design of the full scale system was duplicated. Based upon new technology developed in the pilot plant, it was demonstrated that all of the alkali required for SO/sub 2/ removal could be obtained from the flyash. Further evaluation of flyash technology also indicated economic benefits in power savings and waste solids handling.
Multiage a Model of Educational Reform - or Invention? (2010)

This article reveals the origin and nature of the graded system invented in the 1800s, which paralleled the Industrial Revolution. Examples of ways educators have tried to reform the graded system are illustrated. However, the article presents a case for abandoning reform initiatives in favour of inventing a new system based on multiage education. Descriptors of the new system and how it operates are explained. The new system could lead to greater societal good and where ALL children can flourish.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Benzimidazole Derivatives (2000)

Reaction of 3-(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propanoic acid hydrazide (1) with CS2/KOH gave oxadiazole 2 which underwent Mannich reaction to give 3. Compound 2 was treated with hydrazine hydrate to give triazole 4 which was treated with both aldehydes and acetic anhydride to give 5 and 6, respectively. Carbohydrazide 1 was reacted with ethyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone and aldehydes to give 7, 8 and 9, respectively. Cyclocondensation of 9 with thioglycolic and thiolactic acids gave 10 and 11, respectively. Some of these compounds showed potential antimicrobial activities.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Cladophora sp. Algae (2021)

Nanomaterial is one of the recent technological advancements that attracts the attention of many scientists. Many advanced properties could emerge from the utilization of materials on this scale. Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is a cellulose-based nanomaterial currently gaining attention because of its remarkable properties. NCC was prepared by removing the amorphous part of cellulose through acid hydrolysis. Cladophora is a type of algae with a fiber-like body, that could grow rapidly and widely available in the Indonesian coastal area, which is considered a nuisance and has no known high economic value. Cladophora can be used as an alternative source of cellulose because it has a high amount of cellulose. Cellulose could be extracted from Cladophora using 17.5% of NaOH at 100°C, 1 M sulfuric acid hydrolysis at 100°C, and bleaching with 5% hydrogen peroxide at 100°C. Nanocrystalline cellulose could be extracted by sulfuric acid hydrolysis at 100°C, with a concentration of 2 M, 3 M, and 5 M. The duration of the process for each concentration, varied for 5, 10, and 15 hours. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the resulting hydrolyzed product. The result showed that the increase in acid concentration and processing duration increased the crystallinity while decreased particle length and cellulose diameter. The highest crystallinity and smallest particle size were 96.36% and 189.2 nm, obtained by acid hydrolysis in 5 M sulfuric acid for 15 hours.
Maintenance of Mouse Male Germ Line Stem Cells In Vitro1 (2003)

The proliferation and differentiation of a stem cell are regulated intrinsically by the stem cell and extrinsically by the stem cell niche. Elucidation of regulatory mechanisms of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), the stem cell of the postnatal male germ line, would be facilitated by in vitro studies that provide a defined microenvironment reconstituted ex vivo. We analyzed the effect of in vitro environment on the maintenance of adult and immature SSCs in a 7-day culture system. Although the number of adult and immature SSCs decreased in a time-dependent manner, nearly one in four stem cells (24%) could be maintained in vitro for 7 days. Stem cell maintenance was enhanced by coculture with OP9 bone marrow stroma or L fibroblast cell lines, addition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, or utilization of specific culture medium. In contrast, coculture with TM4 or SF7 Sertoli cell lines and addition of activin A or bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) reduced stem cell maintenance in vitro. Only 4% of the stem cells remained when cultured with TM4 cells or activin A, and 6% remained when cultured with SF7 cells or BMP4. These results lead to the hypothesis that suppression of germ cell differentiation improves in vitro maintenance of SSCs by interrupting the unidirectional cascade of spermatogenesis and blocking stem cell differentiation.
Heart rate dependency of pulse pressure amplification and arterial stiffness (2002)

These data suggest that peripheral pulse pressure does not provide an accurate assessment of changes in central hemodynamics in relation to changes in heart rate, and that aortic stiffness is not affected by acute changes in heart rate.
Growth inhibition of estrogen receptor positive human breast cancer cells by Taheebo from the inner bark of Tabebuia avellandae tree (2009)

Selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators are used as a therapy for ER+ clinical breast cancer, but they exhibit adverse effects. Herbal medicines may provide an alternative or complementary approach. Taheebo, extracted from the inner bark of the Tabebuia avellandae tree found in the Brazilian Amazon, exhibits selective anti-proliferative effects in carcinoma cell lines. The present study identifies the mechanistic leads for the inhibitory effects of Taheebo. Human breast carcinoma derived ER+MCF-7 cells were used as the model. Aqueous extract of Taheebo was the test compound. Cell cycle analysis, clonogenic assay, and global gene expression profiles were the quantitative parameters. Taheebo treatment resulted in a dose/time-dependent growth inhibition (S phase arrest, reduced clonogeneticity) and initiation of apoptosis (chromatin condensation). A 6-h treatment with 1.5 mg/ml Taheebo modulated the gene expression of G2 specific cyclin B1 (-2.0-fold); S phase specific PCNA (-2.0-fold) and OKL38 (+11.0-fold); apoptosis specific GADD-45 family (+1.9-5.4-fold), Caspases (+1.6-1.7-fold), BCL-2 family (-1.5-2.5-fold), estrogen responsive ESR1 (-1.5-fold), and xeno-biotic metabolism specific CYP 1A1 (+19.8 fold) and CYP 1B1 (+7.9-fold). The anti-proliferative effects of Taheebo correlate with down-regulated cell cycle regulatory and estrogen responsive genes, and up-regulated apoptosis specific and xeno-biotic metabolism specific genes. These data validate a rapid mechanistic approach to prioritize efficacious herbal medicines, thereby complementing the existing endocrine therapy for breast cancer.
Cytokeratin and CDX-2 expression in Barrett's esophagus (2008)

CDX-2 in combination with a set of CKs can be used as biomarkers to distinguish between BE and normal squamous esophagus. In order to distinguish BE from cardia tissue, a combination of CDX-2 and CK7 is most informative.
Free-Standing Nanocomposite Multilayers with Various Length Scales, Adjustable Internal Structures, and Functionalities (2009)

We introduce an innovative and robust method for the preparation of nanocomposite multilayers, which allows accurate control over the placement of functional groups as well as the composition and dimensions of individual layers/internal structure. By employing the photocross-linkable polystyrene (PS-N(3), M(n) = 28.0 kg/mol) with 10 wt % azide groups (-N(3)) for host polymer and/or the PS-N(3)-SH (M(n) = 6.5 kg/mol) with azide and thiol (-SH) groups for capping ligands of inorganic nanoparticles, nanocomposite multilayers were prepared by an efficient photocross-linking layer-by-layer process, without perturbing underlying layers and nanostructures. The thickness of individual layers could be controlled from a few to hundreds of nanometers producing highly ordered internal structure, and the resulting nanocomposite multilayers, consisting of polymer and inorganic nanoparticles (CdSe@ZnS, Au, and Pt), exhibit a variety of interesting physical properties. These include prolonged photoluminescent durability, facile color tuning, and the ability to prepare functional free-standing films that can have the one-dimensional photonic band gap and furthermore be patterned by photolithography. This robust and tailored method opens a new route for the design of functional film devices based on nanocomposite multilayers.
Broadly expressed SNT-like proteins link FGF receptor stimulation to activators of Ras. (1996)

SNT was originally described as a approximately 90 kilodalton protein in neuronal precursor cells which bears affinity for the yeast cell cycle protein p13sucl and which undergoes rapid tyrosine phosphorylation following stimulation with growth factors which trigger terminal differentiation, but not by other growth factors which promote proliferation (Rabin et al., 1993). We show here that similarly sized SNT-like proteins (SLPs) are expressed in fibroblast, myoblast, and lymphoid cell lines, and undergo robust tyrosine phosphorylation in response to several mitogenic ligands, including fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). SLPs are tyrosine phosphorylated within 15 s of FGF stimulation, are predominantly membrane-associated, and are weakly associated with activated FGF receptor-1, suggesting that these proteins may be direct targets of the receptor kinase. Kinetic analysis of SLP phosphorylation and studies with serine/threonine kinase and phosphatase inhibitors suggest that SLPs are no larger than 70 000 kilodaltons, and that serine/threonine phosphorylation follows tyrosine phosphorylation to substantially retard gel electrophoretic mobility. SLPs are associated with the Grb-2 adaptor and are the major tyrosine phosphorylated proteins associated with the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos in FGF-stimulated fibroblasts, suggesting that SLP-Grb2-Sos complexes modulate the activity of Ras proteins.
Structural Requirement of Carboxyl-terminal Globular Domains of Laminin α3 Chain for Promotion of Rapid Cell Adhesion and Migration by Laminin-5 (2000)

The basement membrane protein laminin-5, a heterotrimer of laminin alpha3, beta3, and gamma2 chains, potently promotes cellular adhesion and motility. It has been supposed that the carboxyl-terminal globular region of the alpha3 chain consisting of five distinct domains (G1 to G5) is important for its interaction with integrins. To clarify the function of each G domain, we transfected cDNAs for the full-length (wild type (WT)) and five deletion derivatives (DeltaGs) of the alpha3 chain into human fibrosarcoma cell line HT1080, which expressed and secreted the laminin beta3 and gamma2 chains but not the alpha3 chain. The transfectants with the alpha3 chain cDNAs lacking G5 (DeltaG(5)), G4-5 (DeltaG(4-5)), G3-5 (DeltaG(3-5)), and G2-5 (DeltaG(2-5)) secreted laminin-5 variants at levels comparable to that with WT cDNA. However, the transfectant with the cDNA without any G domains (DeltaG(1-5)) secreted little laminin-5, suggesting that the G domains are essential for the efficient assembly and secretion of the heterotrimer alpha3beta3gamma2. The transfectants with WT, DeltaG(5), and DeltaG(4-5) cDNAs survived in serum-free medium longer than those with DeltaG(3-5), DeltaG(2-5), and DeltaG(1-5) cDNAs. The transfectants with WT, DeltaG(5), and DeltaG(4-5) cDNAs secreted apparently the same size of laminin-5, which lacked G4 and G5 due to proteolytic cleavage between G3 and G4, and these laminin-5 forms potently promoted integrin alpha(3)beta(1)-dependent cell adhesion and migration. However, the laminin-5 forms of DeltaG(3-5) and DeltaG(2-5) hardly promoted the cell adhesion and motility. These findings demonstrate that the G3 domain, but not the G4 and G5 domains, of the alpha3 chain is essential for the potent promotion of cell adhesion and motility by laminin-5.
The Influence of G&H on Nonlinear Dynamics (2006)

Abstract This paper describes the place of the book by Guckenheimer and Holmes (Nonlinear Oscillations, Dynamical Systems and Bifurcations of Vector Fields, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983) in the research and literature on nonlinear dynamics.
Corneal topography with high-speed swept source OCT in clinical examination (2011)

We present the applicability of high-speed swept source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) for quantitative evaluation of the corneal topography. A high-speed OCT device of 108,000 lines/s permits dense 3D imaging of the anterior segment within a time period of less than one fourth of second, minimizing the influence of motion artifacts on final images and topographic analysis. The swept laser performance was specially adapted to meet imaging depth requirements. For the first time to our knowledge the results of a quantitative corneal analysis based on SS OCT for clinical pathologies such as keratoconus, a cornea with superficial postinfectious scar, and a cornea 5 months after penetrating keratoplasty are presented. Additionally, a comparison with widely used commercial systems, a Placido-based topographer and a Scheimpflug imaging-based topographer, is demonstrated.
INTRODUCTION: TALENT AND OPPORTUNITY (2008)

This chapter begins by discussing the development of astrophysics. It then mentions several well-known scientists who made their mark in this area of study and how their discoveries shed light to old theories and gave birth to new ones. It also examines the talents and traits of the scientists mentioned in this study. It states that an important motivation for many scientists seems to e, and in the past to have been, the acquisition of a kind of immortality through their achievements. It narrates the different ways in which these scientists to gained financial support. It explains that most of the scientists discussed in this study tended to remain productive even when old.
Adaptive interference mitigation techniques for femtocells (2012)

Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) comprising of Macro and Femto stations are very promising to increase indoor coverage and throughput of the future cellular networks. In this paper, we characterize the interference environment of the Femto HetNets based on the Femto dual strip deployment model. We show that the Macro Indoor subscribers or User Equipments (UEs), who are not associated with Femto stations (FSs), are the victim UEs. Motivated by this performance degradation, we propose three interference mitigation (IM) techniques. The first technique turns off the interfering FSs in some of the available time-frequency resource blocks (RBs) to free these RBs to be utilized by the Macro UEs. The second technique applies adaptive multi-user zero-forcing (A-MUZF) scheme causing zero interference to the Macro Indoor UEs. The third scheme applies power control in addition to either A-ICIC or A-MUZF. Via Extensive system level simulations (SLS), we show that the proposed schemes significantly improve the performance of the Macro Indoor UEs, while maintaining the high throughput achieved by the FSs.
Cytochrome P-450scc-adrenodoxin complex. Reduction properties of the substrate-associated cytochrome and relation of the reduction states of heme and iron-sulfur centers to association of the proteins. (1983)

Reduction of the substrate complex of cytochrome P-450.,, with the reductants NADPH (plus a catalytic amount of adrenodoxin plus adrenodoxin reductase) versus sodium dithionite reveals differences in the titration behavior.When dithionite was used, a twophase titration was seen, with only the second phase corresponding to the one-electron reduction of heme.With the physiologic reductant, a single phase oneelectron reduction was observed.When oxidation-reduction indicator dyes were included and used to measure the system potential, NADPH-reductive titrations and ferricyanide reoxidative titrations revealed a single electron, pH-independent heme midpoint potential of -282 mV.Upon complex formation of the cytochrome with the iron sulfur protein adrenodoxin, the heme midpoint potential shifted to -315 mV, whereas that of the adrenodoxin (pH 7.0) shifted from -273 to -291 mV.Calculations reveal that reduced adrenodoxin binds preferentially to oxidized rather than reduced cytochrome P-45O.,,-substratecomplex.Data are interpreted in the context of a proposed "adrenodoxin electron shuttle'' mechanism (Lambeth, J.
Ultramicrospectrochemical analysis and trace determination of compounds adsorbed on a single microparticulate sample by the optical beam deflection method (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltramicrospectrochemical analysis and trace determination of compounds adsorbed on a single microparticulate sample by the optical beam deflection methodJiaqi. Wu, Takehiko. Kitamori, and Tsuguo. SawadaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 3, 217–219Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00003a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (402 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Analysis of neuropeptides by perfusion liquid chromatography/electrospray ion‐trap mass spectrometry (1994)

Perfusion high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS) was evaluated for the determination of neuropeptides in plasma. Perfusion HPLC offers the capability of resolving neuropeptides spiked into plasma in 5 min compared to the 30-60 min separations performed on packed capillary C18 columns. Electrospray combined with the ITMS provides the ability to ionize these neuropeptides and mass analyze them with high sensitivity and specificity. Sub-picomole quantities of neuropeptides injected on-column could be specifically detected in a plasma matrix. The electrospray-ITMS mass spectrum of each neuropeptide showed multiply charged ions which could be used to determine or confirm their molecular weights.
Müller, Joseph, Das Friedenswerk der Kirche I (1930)

Article Müller, Joseph, Das Friedenswerk der Kirche I was published on August 1, 1930 in the journal Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung (volume 19, issue 1).
On the kinematic design of exoskeletons and their fixations with a human member (2010)

A crucial problem in developing robotic exoskeletons lies in the design of physical connexions between the device and the human limb it is connected to. Indeed, because in general the human limb kinematics and the exoskeleton kinematics differ, using an embedment at each connection point leads to hyperstaticity. Therefore, uncontrollable forces can appear at the interaction port. To cope with this problem, literature suggests to add passive mechanisms at the fixation points. However, empirical solutions proposed so far suffer from a lack of proper analysis and generality. In this paper, we study the general problem of connecting two similar kinematic chains through multiple passive mechanisms. We derive a constructive method that allows to determine all the possible repartitions of freed DoFs across the different fixation mechanisms. It also provides formal proofs of global isostaticity. Practical usefulness is illustrated through an example with conclusive experimental results.
Gaze and eye contact: A research review. (1986)

Research on gaze and eye contact was organized within the framework of Patterson's (1982) sequential functional model of nonverbal exchange. Studies were reviewed showing how gaze functions to (a) provide information, (b) regulate interaction, (c) express intimacy, (d) exercise social control, and (
A fast incremental algorithm for maintaining dispatchability of partially controllable plans (2007)

Autonomous systems operating in real-world environments must be able to plan, schedule, and execute missions while robustly adapting to uncertainty and disturbances. Previous work on dispatchable execution increases the efficiency of plan execution under uncertainty by introducing a temporal plan dispatcher that schedules events dynamically in response to disturbances, and a compiler that reduces a plan to a dispatchable form that enables real-time scheduling. However, this work does not address the situation where response requires modifying the plan in real-time. In these situations, after the autonomous system replans, compilation to dispatchable form must occur in near real-time. The key contribution of this paper is a fast Incremental Dynamic Control algorithm (IDC) for maintaining the dispatchability of a partially controllable plan, in response to incremental plan modifications by an online planner. IDC is developed as a set of incremental update rules that exploit the structure of the plan in order to efficiently propagate the effects of constraint loosening and tightening throughout the plan. IDC exhibits an order of magnitude improvement in compile time over the state of the art nonincremental algorithm applied to randomly generated problems. Its practicality is demonstrated on plans for coordinating rovers within the authors ’ hardware test-bed.