gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beamspace Channel Estimation for Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems with Lens Antenna Array (2016)

By employing the lens antenna array, beamspace MIMO can utilize beam selection to reduce the number of required RF chains in mmWave massive MIMO systems without obvious performance loss. However, to achieve the capacityapproaching performance, beam selection requires the accurate information of beamspace channel of large size, which is challenging, especially when the number of RF chains is limited. To solve this problem, in this paper we propose a reliable support detection (SD)-based channel estimation scheme. Specifically, we propose to decompose the total beamspace channel estimation problem into a series of sub-problems, each of which only considers one sparse channel component. For each channel component, we first reliably detect its support by utilizing the structural characteristics of mmWave beamspace channel. Then, the influence of this channel component is removed from the total beamspace channel estimation problem. After the supports of all channel components have been detected, the nonzero elements of the sparse beamspace channel can be estimated with low pilot overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed SD-based channel estimation outperforms conventional schemes and enjoys satisfying accuracy, even in the low SNR region.
Low temperature‐induced insecticidal activity of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> (2005)

The insecticidal toxin complexes (Tcs) are produced by several Enterobacteriaceae associated with insects, such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Serratia entomophila and Xenorhabdus nematophilus. Genome sequences revealed tc-like genes in Yersinia spp., but insecticidal activity of this genus associated with the toxins has not been described. Through the search for genes upregulated at low growth temperatures in Yersinia enterocolitica strain W22703, a genomic island of 19 kb termed tc-PAI(Ye) with homologues of the toxin genes tcaA, tcaB, tcaC and tccC was identified. Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of 34 strains demonstrated that the tc-PAI(Ye) is present in biovars 2, 3 and 4, but neither in biovars 1A and 1B, nor in five Yersinia species apathogenic in humans. Using the luxCDABE operon as reporter, the expression of the toxin genes was shown to be completely repressed in cells cultured at 37 degrees C, and to increase by 4.6 orders of magnitude when the growth temperature was decreased gradually to 10 degrees C. These data provide the first indication that temperature is a critical parameter for induction or repression of tc gene transcription. Whole-cell extracts of Y. enterocolitica strain W22703 cultivated at 10 degrees C, but not at 30 degrees C, led to insect mortality when fed to Manduca sexta larvae, in contrast to an insertional tcaA mutant. Overall the results suggest that the tc-PAI(Ye) could play an important role in the transmission and survival of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains outside mammalian hosts.
Highly auditable distributed systems (2015)

Auditability is a key requirement for providing scalability and availability to distributed systems. Auditability allows us to identify latent concurrency bugs, dependencies among events, and performance bottlenecks. Our work focuses on providing auditability by combining two key concepts: time and causality. In particular, we prescribe hybrid logical clocks (HLC) which offer the functionality of logical clocks while keeping them close to physical clocks. We propose that HLC can enable effective detection of invariant predicate violations and latent concurrency bugs, and provide efficient means to correct the state of the distributed system back to good states.
Introduction (1986)

On 29 February 1960 an editorial in the Times Literary Supplement commented — 'it is rather ironical that, at a time when the British working-classes seem to be growing conservative in their political views and growing middle-class in their tastes and habits, we should be enjoying for the first time in many years something like a renaissance of working-class literature'. This apparent paradox has since been noted with regard to a wide range of forms of representation, from sociological writing to commercial cinema and this book's starting-point lies in the attempt to recognise and interrelate the variety of cultural practices and products which were concerned to provide representations of contemporary working-class life in the period 1957–64.
Estrogen Antagonisms: Inhibition of Estrone-Induced Uterine Growth by Testosterone Propionate, Progesterone and 17-ethyl-19-nortestosterone (1957)

Testosterone propionate, progesterone and 17-ethyl-19-nortestosterone are all antagonists of estrone-induced uterine growth in intact immature mice. Progesterone has about 1.4 times and 17-ethyl-19-nortestosterone has about 70 times the potency of testosterone propionate. This high activity of 17-ethyl-19-nortestosterone did not appear to correlate with the androgenic, anabolic, progestational or metrotropic properties.
Combined therapy with ascorbic acid and calcitonin for the relief of bone pain in Paget's disease. (1981)

In a short trial, 24 patients with Paget's disease of the bone were treated for 2 weeks with either ascorbic acid and calcitonin in combination, or with calcitonin alone. Pain relief was then assessed subjectively by the patients and classified as nil, some, or a marked reduction in pain. There were 11 patients in the group on combined therapy and 73% of them experienced pain relief, compared with 85% of the 13 patients in the group on calcitonin alone. In the patients who experienced pain relief, however, 62% of those on the ascorbic acid and calcitonin combination claimed a marked relief of pain compared with only 36% of the patients who responded to calcitonin alone. These results indicate that when calcitonin and ascorbic acid are used in combination they may provide an increase in the extent of pain relief, but do not increase the total proportion of patients actually obtaining relief. Urinary hydroxyproline excretion was reduced in the calcitonin treated group, but there was little change in the patients on the combined therapy.
Control of regional blood flow by endothelium-derived nitric oxide. (1990)

The regional hemodynamic consequences of inhibiting vascular endothelial nitric oxide generation with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) were studied in conscious Long-Evans rats. Experiments were carried out in groups of chronically instrumented rats with intravascular catheters and pulsed Doppler probes to monitor regional blood flow. L-NMMA (0.3-300 mg/kg) caused a dose-dependent, long-lasting (5-90 minutes), and enantiomerically specific increase in mean blood pressure and also caused bradycardia. The increase in blood pressure was accompanied by a dose-dependent and long-lasting vasoconstriction in the internal carotid, mesenteric, renal, and hindquarters vascular beds that could be attenuated, in a concentration-dependent manner, by L-arginine but not by D-arginine. In contrast, L-arginine did not affect the pressor or vasoconstrictor effects of vasopressin. These results indicate that nitric oxide production by vascular endothelial cells contributes to the maintenance of blood pressure and to the control of the resting tone of different vascular beds in the conscious rat.
Translocatable Plant Growth Inhibitors Produced by Penicillium Thomii and Arachniotus trisporus. (1957)

The fungus cultures used in these studies were maintained as soil stocks. Conidial suspensions from seven-day-old potato-dextrose-agar slant cultures prepared from soil stocks were used to inoculate 500-ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 ml of corn steepcerelose medium (Staley's corn steep liquor, 40.0 gm; cerelose, 40.0 gm; CaC03, 3.5 gm; NaN03, 3.0 gm; K2HP04, 0.5 gm; MgS04, 0.25 gm; de-ionized H20, 1000 ml). Two drops of Dow Corning Antifoam AF were added to each flask prior to autoclaving. After inoculation the flasks were placed on a reciprocating shaker (99 to 100 cpm with 3-inch strokes) at 27 to 28? C for 7 days. At the end of this time the mycelial growth in each flask was removed by filtering through Whatman No. 1 filter paper and discarded. The culture filtrates were adjusted to pH 5.0 and one drop of ? ween 80 per 100 ml (approx.) of filtrate was added. The undiluted filtrates were frozen until needed. Filtrates from approximately 700 fungi were collected in this manner. Approximately 350 of these were unidentified soil isolates obtained by routine plating-out procedures and 350 were identified as to genus and/or species. In addition, 500 aetinomycete culture filtrates obtained from cultures routinely isolated from soil were obtained from the Eli Lilly Company of Indianapolis, Indiana. With two exceptions these filtrates showed no antibiotic activity toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms. The methods used in obtaining these culture filtrates were similar to those described above for the fungus cultures. The shake-flask medium, adjusted to pH 7.0, was as follows: Bacto-peptone, 5.0 gm; glucose, 10.0 gm; molasses (Brer Rabbit Green Label) 20 ml; FeS04 ? 7 H20, 0.01 gm; and distilled water, 1000 ml. The inoculated flasks were placed on a reciprocating shaker (114 cpm with 2-inch strokes) for 5 days at 30? C. As with the fungus cultures the growth in each flask was removed by filtration and discarded. The culture filtrates were treated as described above and frozen until needed.
Effect of Dietary Corn Oil Supplementation on Equine Gastric Fluid Acid, Sodium, and Prostaglandin E2 Content before and during Pentagastrin Infusion (2004)

Abstract The effect of corn oil (approximately 60% [wt/vol] linoleic acid) dietary supplementation on various components of equine gastric secretion was studied by use of a repeated-measures experimental design. Four healthy adult ponies were surgically fitted with gastric cannulas. The ponies were then fed a free-choice hay diet for 5 weeks, which was followed by 5 weeks of the same diet supplemented with 45 mL of corn oil daily. Gastric contents were analyzed under basal and pentagastrin-stimulated conditions once weekly during the latter 2 weeks on each diet. Gastric contents were collected at 30-minute intervals, and volume, hydrogen ion concentration, sodium content, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content were measured. Data were analyzed by a linear fixed-effect modeling procedure. During the diet supplemented with corn oil, the ponies had, under basal and pentagastrin-stimulated conditions, significantly decreased acid output and significantly increased PGE2 and sodium outputs compared to those measured before corn oil supplementation. We conclude that corn oil supplementation may be an effective and inexpensive way to increase the protective properties of equine glandular gastric mucosa. This could be particularly helpful in reducing the chances of ulceration associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) administration.
Energy-efficient Data-intensive Computing with a Fast Array of Wimpy Nodes (2011)

Abstract : Large-scale data-intensive computing systems have become a critical foundation for Internet-scale services. Their widespread growth during the past decade has raised datacenter energy demand and created an increasingly large financial burden and scaling challenge: Peak energy requirements today are a significant cost of provisioning and operating datacenters. In this thesis we propose to reduce the peak energy consumption of datacenters by using a FAWN: A Fast Array of Wimpy Nodes. FAWN is an approach to building datacenter server clusters using low-cost, low-power servers that are individually optimized for energy efficiency rather than raw performance alone. FAWN systems, however, have a different set of resource constraints than traditional systems that can prevent existing software from reaping the improved energy efficiency benefits FAWN systems can provide. This dissertation describes the principles behind FAWN and the software techniques necessary to unlock its energy efficiency potential. First, we present a deep study into building FAWN-KV, a distributed, log-structured key-value storage system designed for an early FAWN prototype. Second, we present a broader classification and workload analysis showing when FAWN can be more energy-efficient and under what workload conditions a FAWN cluster would perform poorly in comparison to a smaller number of high-speed systems. Last, we describe modern trends that portend a narrowing gap between CPU and I/O capability and highlight the challenges endemic to all future balanced systems. Using FAWN as an early example, we demonstrate that pervasive use of vector interfaces throughout distributed storage systems can improve throughput by an order of magnitude and eliminate the redundant work found in many data-intensive workloads.
Polymers : biomaterials and medical applications (1989)

Antibodies and antigens polymer-bound biodegradable polymers biological activity biomaterials collagen contact lenses dental applications drug applications enzymes hydrolgels medical applications - membranes microencapsulation medical supplies packaging materials proteins biosynthesis radioplaque polymers skin regeneration templates skin synthetic sutures.
Discrete-time queues with general service times and general server interruptions (2000)

In this contribution, we investigate a discrete-time single- server queue subjected to server interruptions. Server interruptions are modeled as an on/off process with geometrically distributed on-periods and generally distributed off-periods. As message lengths can exceed one time-slot, different operation modes are considered depending on whether service of an interrupted message continues, partially restarts or completely restarts after an interruption. For all alternatives, we establish expressions for the steady-state probability generating functions of the buffer contents at message departure time and at random slot boundaries. From these results, closed- form expressions for various performance measures, such as mean and variance of the buffer occupancy, can be established. As an application, we show that this model is able to assess performance of low-priority traffic in a two- priority HOL scheduling discipline. We then illustrate our approach with some numerical examples.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Mapping of the genes coding for the two major vaccinia virus core polypeptides (1984)

We have mapped the genes coding for two major structural polypeptides of the vaccinia virus core by hybrid selection and transcriptional mapping. First, RNA was selected by hybridization to restriction fragments of the vaccinia virus genome, translated in vitro and the products were immunoprecipitated with antibodies against the two polypeptides. This approach allowed us to map the genes to the left hand end of the largest Hind III restriction fragment of 50 kilobase pairs. Second, transcriptional mapping of this region of the genome revealed the presence of the two expected RNAs. Both RNAs are transcribed from the leftward reading strand and the 5'-ends of the genes are separated by about 7.5 kilobase pairs of DNA. Thus, two genes encoding structural polypeptides with a similar location in the vaccinia virus particle are clustered at approximately 105 kilobase pairs from the left hand end of the 180 kilobase pair vaccinia virus genome.
Simultaneous Control of Surface Potential and Wetting of Solids with Chemisorbed Multifunctional Ligands (1997)

Homogeneously mixed molecular assemblies of defined stoichiometry were created by adsorption of asymmetric, trifunctional ligands on gold and CuInSe2 (CISe). The ligands rely on cyclic disulfide groups for binding to the substrate and can in addition possess two different substituents, one polar substituent (p-cyanobenzoyl or anisoyl) and one long-chain, aliphatic residue (palmitoyl). Because the substituents are covalently connected, no phase segregation will occur upon surface binding. Adsorption of these ligands on conducting surfaces changed both the surface potential (because of the polar substituent) and hydrophobicity (because of the aliphatic residue). Larger changes of surface potential were obtained by adsorption of the symmetric, dipolar ligands than by adsorption of the asymmetric ligands, and larger changes occurred on gold than on CuInSe2 (up to 1.2 V between extreme modifications on Au and 0.3 V on CISe). The magnitude and direction of the observed contact potential difference changes were found to depend on the extent of coverage (as derived from electrochemical and contact angle measurements) and on the orientation of the ligands (estimated from ellipsometry and FTIR data) and could also be reconstructed using a simple, electrostatic model. These findings demonstrate that the present methodology enables simultaneous grafting of two desired properties onto solid surfaces and illustrate the predictive power of a simple, electrostatic model for molecule-controlled surface engineering.
Translational augmentation of pro‐matrix metalloproteinase 3 (prostromelysin 1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)‐1 mRNAs induced by epidermal growth factor in human uterine cervical fibroblasts (1996)

The mechanisms by which epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhances the production of pro-matrix metalloproteinase 3 (proMMP-3/prostromelysin 1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 were investigated using human uterine cervical fibroblasts. The treatment of the cells with EGF for 24 h resulted in about 5-6-fold increase in the production of proMMP-3 and TIMP-1 compared with the untreated control cells. This increase was accompanied by an increase of proMMP-3 and TIMP-1 mRNAs. However, an about 3- and 2-fold increase in the production of proMMP-3 and TIMP-1, respectively, was observed as early as 1 h after the treatment of the cells with EGF, and it was not accompanied by any apparent increase in proMMP-3 and TIMP-1 mRNAs. This early effect of EGF on the enhanced production of proMMP-3 and TIMP-1 was not inhibited by actinomycin D, even though actinomycin D inhibited the synthesis of the total RNA in both the EGF-treated and untreated cells. These results indicate that EGF enhances the apparent production of proMMP-3 and TIMP-1 by two mechanisms: one by the accelerated translation of their mRNAs; and the other by the enhanced transcription of their genes. The former event takes place much earlier than the latter.
Perspectives on holoprosencephaly: Part III. Spectra, distinctions, continuities, and discontinuities (1989)

This paper attempts to balance our knowledge of holoprosencephalic spectra and continuities with important distinctions and discontinuities. Prevalence studies and syndrome delineation are briefly reviewed. The following topics receive detailed coverage: human teratogens, special aspects of forebrain and hindbrain malformations, aprosencephaly/atelencephaly, association with neural tube defects, current assessment of "facial principles," and endocrine abnormalities.
Motion estimation with quadtree splines (1996)

This paper presents a motion estimation algorithm based on a new multiresolution representation, the quadtree spline. This representation describes the motion field as a collection of smoothly connected patches of varying size, where the patch size is automatically adapted to the complexity of the underlying motion. The topology of the patches is determined by a quadtree data structure, and both split and merge techniques are developed for estimating this spatial subdivision. The quadtree spline is implemented using another novel representation, the adaptive hierarchical basis spline, and combines the advantages of adaptively-sized correlation windows with the speedups obtained with hierarchical basis preconditioners. Results are presented on some standard motion sequences.
Antiviral T‐cell therapy (2014)

Serious viral infections are a common cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. They occur in the majority of allograft recipients and are fatal in 17-20%. These severe infections may be prolonged or recurrent and add substantially to the cost, both human and financial, of the procedure. Many features of allogeneic stem cell transplantation contribute to this high rate of viral disease. The cytotoxic and immunosuppressive drugs administered pretransplant to eliminate the host hematopoietic/immune system and any associated malignancy, the delay in recapitulating immune ontogeny post-transplant, the immunosuppressive drugs given to prevent graft versus host disease (GvHD), and the effects of GvHD itself, all serve to make stem cell transplant recipients vulnerable to disease from endogenous (latent) and exogenous (community) viruses, and to be incapable of controlling them as quickly and effectively as most normal individuals.
Multi-layered ultrasonic transducers employing air-gap structure (1995)

Aiming at developing miniaturized ultrasonic image sensors with high spatial resolution, this paper proposes multi-layered ultrasonic transducers employing air-gap structure. Theoretical analysis suggests that if the device is optimally designed, its performance is little affected by the layer supporting the air-gap structure, and that low-loss, wide-bandwidth transducers having practical mechanical strength could be developed. The transducer consisting of polymer/Pyrex-glass/ZnO/Pyrex-glass layers was fabricated, and a conversion loss of 11.6 dB and -3 dB relative bandwidth of 7.8% were obtained. The transducer was also applied to nondestructive testing, and its basic performance was shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Automated Fiber Alignment, Fixing, And Hermetic Sealing System (1989)

An automated fiber alignment, fixing, and sealing process was developed for optoelectronic devices produced by BT&D Technologies. The products -- transmitters, receivers, etc. -- were developed simultaneously with the process, allowing development of common technologies and submodule "building blocks." This approach has many advantages: sufficient manufacturing volume to justify automation, quick response to new product variations, and uniform quality. This paper describes the development of a patented laser-based manufacturing system for pigtailing optoelectronic devices.
Periodontal Repair in Dogs: Supraalveolar Defect Models for Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Periodontal Reconstructive Therapy (1994)

It is increasingly evident that controlled preclinical models with reproducible defect characteristics and biologic reaction are critical for evaluation of safety and efficacy of periodontal reconstructive protocols. Our investigations have characterized a supraalveolar periodontal defect in the mandibular premolar region in the beagle dog. This surgically-created critical size defect heals with almost complete connective tissue attachment following immediate reconstructive surgery. When the defect is exposed to periodontitis-simulating conditions prior to surgery the new connective tissue attachment is reduced. Bone and cementum regeneration is limited for both defect variations. Critical aspects relative to animal selection and management, surgical protocol, histologic and statistical analysis are discussed. This preclinical model has proven effective for evaluation of safety and efficacy of devices and biologics used adjunctive to periodontal reconstructive therapy.
Principal's Perceptions of Site-Based Management and Teacher Empowerment (1991)

Presented here are the results of a survey designed to assess principals' attitudes about teacher autonomy.