gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Knowledge-Driven Encode, Retrieve, Paraphrase for Medical Image Report Generation (2019)

Generating long and semantic-coherent reports to describe medical images poses great challenges towards bridging visual and linguistic modalities, incorporating medical domain knowledge, and generating realistic and accurate descriptions. We propose a novel Knowledge-driven Encode, Retrieve, Paraphrase (KERP) approach which reconciles traditional knowledge- and retrieval-based methods with modern learning-based methods for accurate and robust medical report generation. Specifically, KERP decomposes medical report generation into explicit medical abnormality graph learning and subsequent natural language modeling. KERP first employs an Encode module that transforms visual features into a structured abnormality graph by incorporating prior medical knowledge; then a Retrieve module that retrieves text templates based on the detected abnormalities; and lastly, a Paraphrase module that rewrites the templates according to specific cases. The core of KERP is a proposed generic implementation unit—Graph Transformer (GTR) that dynamically transforms high-level semantics between graph-structured data of multiple domains such as knowledge graphs, images and sequences. Experiments show that the proposed approach generates structured and robust reports supported with accurate abnormality description and explainable attentive regions, achieving the state-of-the-art results on two medical report benchmarks, with the best medical abnormality and disease classification accuracy and improved human evaluation performance.
Laboratory experiments on phase-transfer-catalyzed reactions of neutral molecules (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaboratory experiments on phase-transfer-catalyzed reactions of neutral moleculesNawal K. Mathur and Chander K. Narang Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 3, 273Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1990Published inissue 1 March 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ed067p273RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (801 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Facial Recognition in Uncontrolled Conditions for Information Security (2010)

With the increasing use of computers nowadays, information security is becoming an important issue for private companies and government organizations. Various security technologies have been developed, such as authentication, authorization, and auditing. However, once a user logs on, it is assumed that the system would be controlled by the same person. To address this flaw, we developed a demonstration system that uses facial recognition technology to periodically verify the identity of the user. If the authenticated user's face disappears, the system automatically performs a log-off or screen-lock operation. This paper presents our further efforts in developing image preprocessing algorithms and dealing with angled facial images. The objective is to improve the accuracy of facial recognition under uncontrolled conditions. To compare the results with others, the frontal pose subset of the Face Recognition Technology (FERET) database was used for the test. The experiments showed that the proposed algorithms provided promising results.
Conditions for the observation of the Autler-Townes effect in a two step resonance experiment (1975)

The object of this paper is to derive theoretically the conditions for the observation of the Autler-Townes splitting in a two step resonance experiment involving the simultaneous effects of two visible monochromatic radiations in a three-level system. First, the three-level system is considered at rest and optical pumping to other levels is ignored; in this case, the problem is solved analytically. Following this case, optical pumping effects are taken into account. Finally, one considers a collection of identical three-level systems in a cell, the two light beams traveling either in the same direction or in two opposite directions. In this latter case, the problem is practically identical to the one for a three-level system at rest.
<b>The Migration Aptitude of Benzyl <b><i>vs.</i></b> Methyl in Carbonium Ion Reactions of the 2,2-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-1-propyl System</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Migration Aptitude of Benzyl vs. Methyl in Carbonium Ion Reactions of the 2,2-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-1-propyl SystemPercy. Warrick and William H. SaundersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 21, 4095–4100Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00880a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00880a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dose-escalation of human anti-interferon-α receptor monoclonal antibody MEDI-546 in subjects with systemic sclerosis: a phase 1, multicenter, open label study (2014)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00930683.
Liquid Crystal Based Optical Phased Array for Steering Lasers (2009)

Abstract : Beam steering technologies are attracting more and more research interests and attention because of the benefits of fast tuning, light weight, and synergy with adaptive optics. The liquid crystal OPA technology has been considered for small angle beam steering because of the small pitch, low driving voltages, large birefringence, flexibility, and electrical control. However, the large area resets of the phase profile caused by the fringe fields degrade the achievable device efficiency. Decentered micro-Lens Arrays (DLAs) are excellent as a candidate for moderate angle beam steering, but have mechanical deficiencies. When the micro-lens arrays are transformed and encoded into liquid crystal devices, we can replace the mechanical motion of lenslet with electrical control of the voltage profile precisely. In this work, we develop a liquid crystal tunable polarization grating device characterized with continuous angular tuning capability and high efficiency.
A Survey of the Cr-Rich Area of the Cr-Si-C Phase Diagram (1972)

An investigation of the ternary phase diagram Cr‐Si‐C has been completed in the region . Phase boundaries have been established to an accuracy of ±2 a/o (atomic per cent). The extent of a ternary single‐phase region of approximate stoichiometry is established. Lattice parameter measurements of this phase show that all or nearly all C enters the structure at interstitial sites, rather than substitutionally as previously reported. Finally, the possibility of crystal growth from solutions of transition metal silicides is discussed.
Surface-micromachined piezoelectric pressure sensors (1990)

Surface-micromachined piezoelectric pressure sensors fabricated on deformable polysilicon membranes are described. The process is completely compatible with CMOS technology because it uses conventional fabrication techniques, materials, and chemicals. Integrating microsensors and circuitry on a single chip reduces power consumption and allows localization of information processing operations to be carried out over a small area. Previously reported pressure/acoustic microsensors have been fabricated using bulk-machining techniques and/or hybrid sealing techniques. Bulk machining severely limits device density and weakens the mechanical integrity of the wafer. Front-to-backside alignment unnecessarily complicates the process while silicon etchants such as KOH and EDP (or EPW) can potentially lower the yield of working circuits on the wafer. Hybrid bonding and sealing techniques often require prolonged high-temperature processing steps after the formation of circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enantioselective Environmental Behavior of the Chiral Herbicide Fenoxaprop-ethyl and Its Chiral Metabolite Fenoxaprop in Soil (2010)

The enantioselective degradation behavior of fenoxaprop-ethyl (FE) and its chiral metabolite fenoxaprop (FA) in three soils under native conditions was investigated. Two pairs of enantiomers were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an amylose tri-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (ADMPC) chiral column. The degradation of racemic FE in three soils showed the herbicidally inactive S-(-)-enantiomer degraded faster than the active R-(+)-enantiomer. FE was configurationally stable in soils because no interconversion to the respective antipodes was observed during incubation of the enantiopure S-(-)- or R-(+)-FE. The main metabolites of FE were confirmed as FA and 6-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzoxazol-2-one (CDHB), and the formation of the chiral metabolite FA showed enantioselectivity in soils. The degradation of rac-FA was also enantioselective with the S-(-)-FA preferentially degraded: the half-life (t(1/2)) of the S-form in the three soils ranged from 2.03 to 5.17 days, and that of R-form ranged from 2.42 to 20.39 days. The inversion of the S-(-)-enantiomer into the R-(+)-enantiomer occurred in two of the three soils when the enantiopure S-(-)- and R-(+)-FA were incubated. The data from sterilized control experiments indicated that the enantioselectivity of FE and FA was attributed to microbially mediated processes.
Notice of Retraction: Exploratory Development of Virtual Technique in Multimedia Education Domain (2009)

This article has been retracted by the publisher.
Estimation of Steady-State Power System Model Parameters (1974)

The problem of estimating the network and other parameters of a power system using on-line telemetry data is considered. It is demonstrated that parameter inaccuracies can cause important limitations on on-line state estimation. This can be corrected by processing collected on-line data in an off-line mode to estimate inaccurate parameters. A recursive filtering-type algorithm is derived for this purpose. Simulation results indicate the feasibility of parameter estimation and the effectiveness of the derived algorithm.
ADAM12 as a marker of trisomy 18 in the first and second trimester of pregnancy (2007)

ADAM12 may be a useful addition to early screening for trisomy 18 alongside other chromosomal anomalies, particularly if biochemical screening can occur before 10 weeks.
The NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of bovine skin proteodermatan sulfate. (1983)

Deglycosylation of bovine skin proteodermatan sulfate with chondroitinase ABC yielded a protein core with an apparent molecular weight of about 45,000. The amino acid sequence of this preparation was determined up to position 24. This region was enriched in acidic amino acids and proline compared with the whole protein core and it was predicted to be highly folded. The amino acid sequence determined in these experiments has a gap at position 4. Results obtained after beta-elimination-sulfite addition showed that residue 4 was an O-substituted hydroxyamino acid. The latter was identified as serine by sequencing the NH2-terminal region of the protein core (Mr approximately 43,000) isolated after a more complete deglycosylation of the proteoglycan with anhydrous HF. Serine 4 may be an attachment site for one of the few dermatan sulfate chains present in the proteoglycan.
Reconfigurable Dense Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing Millimeter-Waveband Radio-Over-Fiber Access System Technologies (2010)

A reconfigurable dense wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) access system for millimeter-waveband radio-over-fiber (RoF) is described. Focuses are on the enabling techniques such as optical-frequency-interleaved DWDM grid assignment, supercontinuum multi-wavelength light source, photonic upconversion for RoF signals, and optical path switching for dynamic channel allocation for wireless services.
Food allergy and atopic eczema (2010)

Atopic dermatitis and food allergy are frequently herald conditions for other manifestations of 'the allergic march'. They commonly co-exist, particularly in those with early onset, severe and persistent atopic eczema. Filaggrin gene defects substantially increase the risk of atopic eczema. The increased skin permeability may increase the risk of sensitization to food and other allergens, this pointing to the possible role of cutaneous allergen avoidance in early life to prevent the onset of atopic eczema and food allergy. Emerging evidence also indicates that oral exposure to potentially allergenic foods may be important for inducing immunological tolerance.
FoIP gateways-architectures, implementation and QoS issues (2002)

Real-time facsimile communication over the Internet is a challenging task. Facsimile devices and protocols have been optimised for facsimile communication over PSTN (public switched telephone network) links. To allow these devices to communicate over the Internet, FoIP (Facsimile over Internet Protocol) gateways are required. Source and destination facsimile machines connect to these gateways over PSTN links. Peer gateways are connected to each other over the Internet. The inherent best-effort nature of the Internet poses serious QoS (quality of service) issues for facsimile transmission. Packet losses, delays and delay variations may disrupt a facsimile session. FoIP gateways providing real-time FoIP communication need to incorporate measures that attempt to provide efficient and reliable transport service over the Internet. This paper describes typical architectural components of FoIP gateways. QoS issues related to real-time FoIP transfer are highlighted and measures are discussed that assist in resolving these issues.
Glutamine Nutrition in the Management of Radiation Enteritis (1990)

Although glutamine-supplemented diets appear to be beneficial in the model described here, carefully designed clinical trials must be done before such therapy is recommended in patients receiving XRT. Such studies should examine the efficacy of glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrition as well as enteral feedings. They must address the issue of potential stimulation of tumor growth by glutamine supplementation. In addition, the question has been raised as to whether glutamine will result in the tumor being more refractory to radiation therapy.
Comparison of Localized Corrosion of Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo Alloys in Chloride Solutions Using a Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor (2002)

Abstract A multielectrode localized corrosion sensor was developed and used for comparing localized corrosion of Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo alloys in chloride solutions. Experimental results indicated that the coupled multielectrode sensor provides a rapid real-time response to changes in temperature and salt concentration. It was demonstrated that the sensor has a lower detection limit of 5×10-11 A with respect to corrosion current and 2o10-8 A/cm2 with respect to the corrosion current density for the miniature electrodes used in the sensors.
A 200 mA low-area, low-noise, low-dropout linear regulator for monolithic active pixel sensors (2011)

To meet the low-material and low-noise requirements, the power supply of the monolithic active pixel sensors must be improved. This paper presents a built-in low-dropout (LDO) linear regulator to internally supply the analog power. A novel compensation strategy is proposed. Since a series RC network and an adaptively biased buffer are utilized, the location of the poles and zeros vary with that of the output pole. Employing one relative small compensation capacitor, the regulator is stable in the full range of load current. The regulator is designed and simulated in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process. The chip area is 239 μm × 168 μm. The maximum load current of 200 mA can be obtained. The output spectral noise densities are 320 nV/ V Hz and 110 nV/ V Hz at 100 Hz and 1 kHz, respectively.
Vertical coupling between short range surface plasmon polariton mode and dielectric waveguide mode (2009)

Coupling performance between a short range surface plasmon polariton (SRSPP) mode and a conventional dielectric waveguide mode is demonstrated numerically. Simulation results show that the coupling length, as short as tens of microns, can be realized because the field of SRSPP extremely concentrates to the metal surface. SRSPP-based hybrid coupler provides not only an approach to realize highly compact functional devices, such as the TE-pass polarizer with high performance, but also an integratable route for efficiently exciting SRSPP mode, which is very useful in the SRSPP-based biosensor or SRSPP-assisted emission enhancement devices.
Adaptive optics SLO/OCT for 3D imaging of human photoreceptors in vivo (2014)

We present a new instrument that is capable of imaging human photoreceptors in three dimensions. To achieve high lateral resolution, the system incorporates an adaptive optics system. The high axial resolution is achieved through the implementation of optical coherence tomography (OCT). The instrument records simultaneously both, scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) and OCT en-face images, with a pixel to pixel correspondence. The information provided by the SLO is used to correct for transverse eye motion in post-processing. In order to correct for axial eye motion, the instrument is equipped with a high speed axial eye tracker. In vivo images of foveal cones as well as images recorded at an eccentricity from the fovea showing cones and rods are presented.
Effects of growth factors and cytokines on proteoglycan turnover in articular cartilage. (1992)

Proteoglycan biosynthesis was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the cytokines, interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), in porcine articular cartilage in explant culture. These cytokines also increased the rate of degradation of proteoglycans. By contrast, the growth factors, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) had the opposite effect to the cytokines. When IL-1 and IGF-1 were added simultaneously, IGF-1 prevented the increase in matrix degradation caused by IL-1. Following IL-1 treatment of cartilage explants, recovery of proteoglycan synthesis was extremely slow, but could be greatly improved by addition of IGF-1 or TGF beta. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) had little effect on the recovery, but nor did they interfere with the action of IGF-1 and TGF beta. The local inflammatory effects of intra-articular injection of IL-1 into rabbit knee joints were blocked by intravenous administration of a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, but similar treatment in antigen-induced arthritis did not prevent joint swelling, leucocyte infiltration or cartilage proteoglycan loss. The modulation of cytokine or growth factor actions may offer new strategies for limiting cartilage damage in joint diseases.
Modulation of Atrioventricular Nodal Function by Metabolic and Allosteric Regulators of Endogenous Adenosine in Guinea Pig Heart (1996)

Adenosine-regulating agents that act in an event- and site-specific manner represent a novel drug design strategy that may potentially be valuable for the long-term treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias and control of ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation or flutter.
Toward Optimization of Postremission Therapy for Residual Disease–Positive Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2008)

A threshold of 3.5 x 10(-4) RLCs postconsolidation is critical for predicting disease outcome. MRD-negative patients have a good outcome regardless of the type of transplant they receive. In the MRD-positive group, AuSCT does not improve prognosis and SCT represents the primary option.
<b>A Crystalline Hexamer from Acrylonitrile</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Crystalline Hexamer from AcrylonitrileNaomitsu. Takashina and Charles C. PriceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 3, 489–491Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00862a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00862a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views424Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) minimizes interference from cellular pathology in R2* estimation of liver iron concentration (2018)

1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1069-1079.