gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MDCT-Based Perceptual Hashing for Compressed Audio Content Identification (2007)

In this paper, a perceptual audio hashing method in compressed domain is proposed for content identification, in which MDCT coefficients as the intermediate decoding result are selected for perceptual feature extraction and hash generation. The perceptual feature extraction is based on psychoacoustic model and exhibits good discrimination ability for different audio contents but robustness against common audio signal processing operations. Via feature extraction in the compressed domain, the MDCT-based compressed audios, such as MP3, AAC, etc., could be efficiently identified without complete decoding which facilitates those practical applications with strict requirements of memory and computational complexity, such as online audio retrieval, indexing of massive compressed audio data, audio identification by mobile phone, etc. The algorithm is highly robust against MDCT compression which is widely used in audio coding. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Chromone studies. Part 5. Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of 4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxamides with dimethylamine (1991)

The dimethylamine-mediated ring-opening of a series of N,N-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxamides to the corresponding (E)-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-3-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)acrylamides has been monitored by UV spectroscopy, and a mechanistic sequence which accommodates the observed third-order kinetics is presented.
A 40Kw roof mounted PV thermal concentrator system (2006)

In this population based cohort study, use of GLP-1 analogues was not associated with an overall increased risk of breast cancer. Although it is not possible to rule out a tumour promoter effect, the observed duration-response associations are likely the result of a transient increase in detection of breast cancers in GLP-1 analogue users.
Effect of Tinnitus on Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions Varies With Hearing Loss (2013)

DPOAE levels in the group of adults with hearing loss and tinnitus were diminished, but those in the group with normal hearing and tinnitus were enhanced, relative to DPOAE levels in the controls. Outer hair cell function, as indexed by DPOAEs, exhibits a complex association with tinnitus, and this has implications in the use of DPOAEs as a tool both for testing for tinnitus presence and for creating a model of neural mechanisms underlying tinnitus.
Epidermal anti-Inflammatory properties of 5,11,14 20:3: effects on mouse ear edema, PGE2 levels in cultured keratinocytes, and PPAR activation. (2002)

Topical application of 5,11,14 20:3 to skin surfaces can thus reduce inflammatory processes, most likely by displacing 20:4n-6 from phospholipid pools and reducing downstream inflammatory products derived from 20:4n-6 such as PGE2 and leukotrienes. It could have potential use in treating clinical skin disorders resulting from overproduction of 20:4n-6-derived eicosanoid products.
Study of the river-lake assessment system based on GIS in Pearl River basin (2015)

According to the actual situation of Pearl River basin and the existing evaluation index systems of river-lake health, a new evaluation index system of river-lake health in Pearl River basin was built. The river-lake health assessment system was built using ArcGIS as a development platform. The data was obtained based on remote sensing and GIS. The rapidness and visualization of river-lake health assessment were realized by this system, which could support the protection services in Pearl River basin.
Multiplexed p53 Mutation Detection by Free-Solution Conjugate Microchannel Electrophoresis with Polyamide Drag-Tags (2007)

We report a new, bioconjugate approach to performing highly multiplexed single-base extension (SBE) assays, which we demonstrate by genotyping a large panel of point mutants in exons 5-9 of the p53 gene. A series of monodisperse polyamide "drag-tags" was created using both chemical and biological synthesis and used to achieve the high-resolution separation of genotyping reaction products by microchannel electrophoresis without a polymeric sieving matrix. A highly multiplexed SBE reaction was performed in which 16 unique drag-tagged primers simultaneously probe 16 p53 gene loci, with an abbreviated thermal cycling protocol of only 9 min. The drag-tagged SBE products were rapidly separated by free-solution conjugate electrophoresis (FSCE) in both capillaries and microfluidic chips with genotyping accuracy in excess of 96%. The separation requires less than 70 s in a glass microfluidic chip, or about 20 min in a commercial capillary array sequencing instrument. Compared to gel electrophoresis, FSCE offers greater freedom in the design of SBE primers by essentially decoupling the length of the primer and the electrophoretic mobility of the genotyping products. FSCE also presents new possibilities for the facile implementation of SBE on integrated microfluidic electrophoresis devices for rapid, high-throughput genetic mutation detection or SNP scoring.
Network Resources and the Innovation Performance: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms (2012)

The purpose of this paper is to understand the effects of network resources on firm innovation and performance in alliances and networks. To fulfill this aim, the authors put forward an integrate framework linking network resources with innovation performance through the mediation of capability accumulation and relative bargaining power. Drawing on a survey of 208 Chinese domestic firms engaging in global production networks, this paper takes out four sets of hierarchical regressions to test the mechanism of network resources on innovation performance. Results show that network resources are important sources of competitive advantage and the distinction of accessed resources and embedded resources is critical. Besides direct influences, the effect on innovation performance was partly achieved through the mediating role of technological capabilities and relative bargaining power. Future studies may examine the effects of network resources under different contexts and the interaction of external resources and internal resources.
Linear mass scans in quadrupole ion traps using the inverse Mathieu q scan (2016)

A method of secular frequency scanning which provides a linear mass scale has been demonstrated. The inverse Mathieu q scan offers a significant increase in mass range and power savings while maintaining access to linearity, paving the way for a mass spectrometer based completely on ac waveforms for ion isolation, ion activation, and ion ejection. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
<i>t</i>-Statistic Based Correlation and Heterogeneity Robust Inference (2009)

We develop a general approach to robust inference about a scalar parameter of interest when the data is potentially heterogeneous and correlated in a largely unknown way. The key ingredient is the following result of Bakirov and Székely (2005) concerning the small sample properties of the standard t-test: For a significance level of 5% or lower, the t-test remains conservative for underlying observations that are independent and Gaussian with heterogenous variances. One might thus conduct robust large sample inference as follows: partition the data into q≥2 groups, estimate the model for each group, and conduct a standard t-test with the resulting q parameter estimators of interest. This results in valid and in some sense efficient inference when the groups are chosen in a way that ensures the parameter estimators to be asymptotically independent, unbiased and Gaussian of possibly different variances. We provide examples of how to apply this approach to time series, panel, clustered and spatially correlated data.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Progressive Experimental Renal Failure but Maldifferentiate into Glomerular Adipocytes (2007)

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a major cause of renal failure. This study sought to determine whether intrarenal injection of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can preserve renal function in a progressive rat model of GN. Early in GN (day 10), fluorescently labeled rat MSC localized to more than 70% of glomeruli, ameliorated acute renal failure, and reduced glomerular adhesions. Fifty days later, proteinuria had progressed in controls to 40 +/- 25 mg/d but stayed low in MSC-treated rats (13 +/- 4 mg/d; P < 0.01). Renal function on day 60 in the MSC group was better than in medium controls. Kidneys of the MSC group as compared with controls on day 60 contained 11% more glomeruli per 1-mm(2) section of cortex but also significantly more collagen types I, III, and IV and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Approximately 20% of the glomeruli of MSC-treated rats contained single or clusters of large adipocytes with pronounced surrounding fibrosis. Adipocytes exhibited fluorescence in their cytoplasm and/or intracellular lipid droplets. Lipid composition in these adipocytes in vivo mirrored that of MSC that underwent adipogenic differentiation in vitro. Thus, in this GN model, the early beneficial effect of MSC of preserving damaged glomeruli and maintaining renal function was offset by a long-term partial maldifferentiation of intraglomerular MSC into adipocytes accompanied by glomerular sclerosis. These data suggest that MSC treatment can be a valuable therapeutic approach only if adipogenic maldifferentiation is prevented.
[Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry assessment of the bone mineral content and body composition during growth]. (2002)

The reference values obtained by DXA for the bone mineral content, lean and fat masses of the entire body and limbs are of interest, in our experience, to follow-up the growth in patients with long-term treatments, and to quantify orthopedic disorders and treatments.
A new, comprehensive normative database of lumbar spine ranges of motion (2001)

Data have been generated that provide comprehensive, gender-specific, broadly based and age-related indices for normative lumbar ranges of motion in all planes of movement. These are applicable to individuals throughout adult life, from adolescence through to old age.
Similarities between β Amyloid Peptides 1-40 and 40-1: Effects on Aggregation, Toxicity in Vitro, and Injection in Young and Aged Rats (1994)

Peptides corresponding to the first 40 amino acids of beta amyloid peptide (beta 1-40) and the reverse sequence (beta 40-1) were synthesized, purified, and compared for their ability to aggregate and cause toxicity in vitro to human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y), as well as for effects following injection into young or aged rats. Aggregation of both peptides produced similar sedimentation velocity profiles and resulted in significant toxicity in vitro with no observable differences between beta 1-40 and beta 40-1. In addition, when injected into the cortex of young rats, beta 1-40 was more toxic than beta 40-1 although both resulted in significant lesions. However, in aged rats the two peptides resulted in lesions of similar size. Alz 50 staining and abnormal neurites were associated with both beta 1-40 and beta 40-1 lesions; however, no evidence of plaques or tangles was found in either age group. While both peptides were toxic in vitro, only beta 1-40 elicited Alz 50 staining of SH-SY5Y cells. Electron microscopic examination of beta 1-40 and beta 40-1 aggregates showed that beta 1-40 formed fibrillar structures whereas beta 40-1 resulted in amorphous particles. Thus, although both peptides were toxic to cultured cells and aged rats, the toxicities may have resulted from different mechanisms.
Enteral feeding. Nasogastric, nasojejunal, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or jejunostomy: its indications and limitations (2002)

The following article is intended to provide a review of the current state of enteral feeding; a rapidly changing and developing field. It covers the type of feed, the routes of access, and the problems that can occur with enteral feeding.
Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Industrial Solvent-Producing Clostridia (1995)

We performed a systematic study of 55 solvent-producing clostridial strains, the majority of which are currently classified as Clostridium acetobutylicum strains, by using a combination of biotyping and DNA fingerprint analysis. The biotyping procedures used included rifampin susceptibility testing, bacteriocin typing, and bacteriophage typing. The 55 strains examined exhibited a good correlation between their biotypes and DNA fingerprints, which allowed us to divide them into nine groups. The DNA fingerprints of the nine groups differed markedly, but within each group the DNA fingerprints exhibited a high level of similarity. To determine the phylogenetic relationships of the nine groups, we performed a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The results of a comparative analysis of the partial sequence corresponding to positions 830 to 1383 (Escherichia coli numbering) of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the nine biotype groups could be assembled into four taxonomic groups. The complete 16S rRNA sequences of strains representing these groups were determined. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that the amylolytic type strain C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 (taxonomic group I) was only distantly related to the saccharolytic strains belonging to taxonomic groups II, III, and IV (levels of sequence similarity, 90 to 90.5%). The strains belonging to taxonomic groups II, III, and IV, represented by C. acetobutylicum NCP 262, "Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum" N1-4, and C. acetobutylicum NCIMB 8052T (T = type strain), respectively, were closely related (levels of sequence similarity, 98.2 to 98.9%). C. acetobutylicum NCIMB 8052T exhibited a level of similarity of 100% with the type strain of Clostridium beijerinckii. Reclassification of the saccharolytic solvent-producing strains is necessary, and possible names for the four taxonomic groups are discussed.
Project performance and the liability of group harmony (1990)

There have been numerous debates about the proper makeup and behavior of effective project teams, and the literature is contradictory with regard to this issue. In the present study, 44 members of 14 project teams who worked on the same complex computer-simulated project were observed. A survey administered four times during the life of the project revealed that initial ratings of group attributes were good predictors of later success. Teams which ultimately performed well began the project with lower opinions of their respective groups than did teams which ultimately did not perform well. Peer ratings of individual members' contributions were generally lowest in the high-performing teams. Additionally, technical expertise appears to have been valued more highly in the high-performing groups than in low-performing groups. These results suggest that project teams which begin with harmonious interpersonal relations may not perform as well as those which experience early disharmonics. The managerial implications of these results are discussed in relation to the literature on groups, with special attention to 'groupthink' theories.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The VCDIFF Generic Differencing and Compression Data Format (2002)

community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
Highly Sensitive Ball Surface Acoustic Wave Hydrogen Sensor with Porous Pd-Alloy Film (2014)

In order to commonly use explosive H2 gas as an energy source, fast, sensitive, and low-power consumption sensor is required. We developed a ball surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor with porous Pd–Pt alloy film to realize such a sensor. The sensor with 20% Pt alloying film was useful for the suppression of a phase transition of Pd and the detection of ppm order concentration at 35°C. The amplitude response was proportional to the square root of the concentration, which was demonstrated for the first time in the field of SAW sensor, resulting in the detection limit of 3.7 ppm at signal to noise ratio of 3. The response time decreased to 1/5, compared with those of pioneering H2 sensors working at room temperature. From these results, it was shown that the fastest and most sensitive hydrogen sensor working at room temperature could be realized using the ball SAW sensor with porous Pd alloy film.
Thermal contact conductance of selected polymeric materials (1996)

The thermal conductivity and thermal contact conductance of several thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers have been studied over a range of interface pressures and temperatures. The temperature range for the thermal conductivity study varied from 10 to 100°C (50 to 212°F). The study showed that ultra high molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene had the highest thermal conductivity through the range of temperatures and also had the highest thermal conductance values at an interface temperature of 20°C (68°F). The thermal contact conductance study was conducted over a pressure range of 510-2760 kPa (75-400 psi) and a temperature range of 20-40°C (68-104°F). The conductance values for UHMW polyethylene ranged from 1095.3 to 1659.4 W/m2 K (192.9 to 292.2 Btu/h ft2 °F), whereas the thermal conductivity remained constant at 0.45 W/m K (0.26 Btu/h ft °F) throughout the range of temperatures. Polycarbonate and Teflon® had the next highest thermal conductance values at the same interface temperature. The thermal contact conductance values for polyethylene, Teflon, and phenolic polymers were measured at an elevated temperature of 40°C (104°F). The thermal contact conductance values for both Teflon and phenolic increased with increasing temperature, whereas the values for UHMW polyethylene decreased due to their unique chain structure at the higher temperature. The polymers were chosen because of their widespread engineering interest applications.
Characterization of New Excimer Pumped UV Laser Dyes I. <i>p</i>‐Terphenyls (1990)

The performance characteristics of a series of new excimer pumped ultraviolet dyes are presented. Chemical structure modifications which influence dye performance are discussed. An evaluation of several alternative solvents shows that p ‐dioxane remains the solvent of choice based on dye performance. The influence of the cover gas in the dye circulator was examined and results are presented to show how dye performance can greatly depend on this factor.
A real time vehicle's license plate recognition system (2003)

A smart and simple algorithm is presented for a vehicle license plate recognition system. Based on pattern matching, this algorithm can be applied for real time detection of license plates for collecting data for surveying or for some application specific purposes. The proposed system has been prototyped using C++ and the experimental results have been shown for recognition of Alberta license plates.
Glucose-stimulated Phosphorylation of Yeast Isocitrate Lyase in vivo (1988)

Incorporation of 32P into Saccharomyces cerevisiae isocitrate lyase was observed after addition of glucose to a culture incubated with [32P]orthophosphoric acid. A band of 32P-labelled protein was coincident with the enzyme band when immunoprecipitates were subjected to SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. No label was found in the band corresponding to the isocitrate lyase when immunoprecipitation was done with a control pre-immune serum or in the presence of excess pure unlabelled enzyme. The incorporation of phosphate was associated with a decrease in enzyme activity. Phosphorylated isocitrate lyase was not proteolytically degraded when cells were cultured in mineral medium. The loss of protein antigenicity only took place when the yeast was grown in a complex medium containing glucose.
Magnesium Nanowires:  Enhanced Kinetics for Hydrogen Absorption and Desorption (2007)

Mg nanowires with the diameters of 30−50 nm, 80−100 nm, and 150−170 nm, which were prepared via a vapor-transport method, exhibited enhanced kinetics for hydrogen absorption/desorption. The present results clearly show that thinner Mg/MgH2 nanowires have a much lower desorption energy than that of thicker nanowires or bulk Mg/MgH2, indicating that changes in kinetics and thermodynamics are expected if the diameters of the nanowires are thinner than 30 nm.
Virtual storage architecture guide (VSAG) (2002)

The VSAG expands on the virtual storage concepts of the IEEE Mass Storage Systems Reference Model (MSSRM), version 5. The intended outcome of the VSAG is to provide a framework for the VSS standard that will enable software vendors to develop and deploy interoperable virtual storage management products. The VSAG provides a model for: a single storage image of diverse technologies in a multivendor network of storage devices; interoperability with other OSSI components and relevant IEEE, ISO, and ANSI standards; adapting to various existing and anticipated data management clientele. The VSAG envisions a single storage image of diverse device technologies in a multivendor network. The VSAG also promotes the automation of routine storage management tasks, permits reconfiguration of network storage as needs change, and supports common points of administration for accounting, availability, configuration, performance, recovery, and security. The scope of the VSAG includes: definition of virtual objects that reside in persistent storage; framework for software interfaces and protocols; model for servers of various types interacting within a single network. The scope of the VSAG excludes: detail specification of interfaces; specification of specific functional requirements and dependencies; discussion of algorithms, protocols, and physical media formats.
ABCG2 Transports Sulfated Conjugates of Steroids and Xenobiotics (2003)

The mechanism for the cellular extrusion of sulfated conjugates is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated whether human wild type ABCG2 transports estrone 3-sulfate (E1S) using membrane vesicles from cDNA-transfected mouse lymphoma cell line (P388 cells). The uptake of [3H]E1S into ABCG2-expressing membrane vesicles was stimulated by ATP, and the Km value for [3H]E1S was determined to be 16.6 microm. The ABCG2-mediated transport of [3H]E1S was potently inhibited by SN-38 and many sulfate conjugates but not by glucuronide and glutathione conjugates or other anionic compounds. Other sulfate conjugates such as [3H]dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and [35S]4-methylumbelliferone sulfate (Km = 12.9 microm) and [35S]6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl)benzothiazole (E3040) sulfate (Km = 26.9 microm) were also transported by ABCG2. Although [3H]methotrexate, [3H]17beta-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide, [3H]2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione, and [14C]4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide were transported by ABCG2, this took place to a much lesser extent compared with [3H]E1S. It was suggested that ABCG2 preferentially transports sulfate conjugates and that E1S and DHEAS are the potential physiological substrates for this transporter.