gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Therapy and Gene Transfer Approaches for Acute Lung Injury (2002)

Efforts toward gene therapy of lung diseases have primarily focused on genetic lung diseases, such as cystic ﬁbrosis (CF) and α1-antitrypsin deﬁciency. For these diseases, the therapeutic goal is amelioration of a genetic defect and its physiological consequences by addition of the normal gene to affected cells. However, using gene transfer both to study and treat acute and acquired lung diseases and acute lung injury remains a potentially powerful and less well-explored approach.
Electrospray ionization mass spectra of amino acid phosphoramidates of adenosine (2000)

Amino acid phosphoramidates of adenosine were synthesized and determined by positive and negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The fragmentation pathways were investigated. In the positive ion mass spectra abundant characteristic fragment ions appeared, and many complementary ions were found. In the negative ion mass spectra only a few fragment ions were observed, and most of them contained phosphoryl groups. The results show that ESI-MS is a useful tool for structural determination of amino acid phosphoramidates of nucleosides.
Compact Combustion Systems Using a Combination of Trapped Vortex and High-G Combustor Technologies (2008)

Major advances in combustor technology are required to meet the conflicting challenges of improving performance, increasing durability and maintaining cost. Ultra-short combustors to minimize residence time, with special flame-holding mechanisms to cope with increased through-velocities are likely in the future. This paper focuses on vortex-stabilized combustor technologies that can enable the design of compact, high-performance combustion systems. Compact combustors weigh less and take up less volume in space-limited turbine engine for aero applications. This paper presents the UCC, a novel design based on TVC work that uses high swirl in a circumferential cavity to enhance mixing rates via high cavity g-loading on the order of 3000 g’s. The UCC design integrates compressor and turbine features which will enable a shorter and potentially less complex gas turbine engine. Ultimately, it is envisioned that this type of combustion system can be used as the main combustor and/or as a secondary combustor between the high pressure and low pressure turbine to operate as a reheat cycle engine. The focus on this paper includes experimental results of the UCC for a variety of conditions: (1) the addition of turbine vanes in the combustor flowpath, (2) a comparison of JP-8 and FT fuel performance in the combustor, (3) the use of trapped-vortex-like air addition to increase combustor flammability limits, and (4) combustor performance related to two different fuel injector designs. Lean blowout fuel-air ratio limits at 20% the value of current systems were demonstrated. Combustion efficiency was measured over a wide range of UCC operating conditions. This data begins to build the design space required for future engine designs that may use these novel, compact, high-g combustion systems.
Performance testing of a solid propellant pulsed plasma microthruster (1972)

Extensive performance testing has been carried out on a solid propellant, pulsed plasma microthruster essentially identical to the four units aboard the DOD, Lincoln Experimental Satellite (LES)-6. Tests include measurements of thrust, specific impulse, thrust vector, impulse bit repeatability, intermittency and endurance. The results show good impulse bit repeatability and a well defined thrust vector. The impulse bit, with a 1.85-joule input, was found to be approximately 26 micronewton-seconds at 190 seconds specific impulse. Based upon the results of the intermittency tests, a better understanding of the intermittency mechanism has been achieved.
Cell-free synthesis of 15 N-labeled proteins for NMR studies (2005)

Modern cell-free in vitro protein synthesis systems present powerful tools for the synthesis of isotope-labeled proteins in high yields. The production of selectively 15 N-labeled proteins from 15 N-labeled amino acids is particularly economic and yields are often sufficient to analyze the proteins very quickly by two-dimensional NMR spectra recorded of the crude reaction mixture without concentration or chromatographic purification of the protein. We review methodological aspects of cell-free in vitro protein synthesis based on an Escherichia coli cell extract, in particular with regard to the production of 15 N-labeled proteins for analysis by NMR spectroscopy.
Clinical findings in a patient withFGFR1 P252R mutation and comparison with the literature (2000)

We report on a patient with the skeletal findings of Jackson-Weiss syndrome, who manifests only mild craniofacial anomalies. Molecular analysis of her fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene (FGFR1) identified a heterozygous P252R missense mutation, previously only reported with FGFR1-Pfeiffer syndrome like manifestations. Mutations in the immunoglobulin-like, II-III (IgII-III) linker region of FGFR1 and FGFR3 molecules may present as a skeletal dysplasia affecting the appendicular skeleton including, brachydactyly, short broad middle phalanges, phalangeal epiphyseal coning and broad halluces. This communication is a further example of the phenomenon of an activated FGFR molecule resulting in overlapping manifestations in FGFR syndromes.
Compression Stress Relaxation Testing - Comparisons, Methods, and Correlations (2001)

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[Functional evaluation of the internal urethral sphincter in transrectal USG]. (1998)

One of urodynamic diagnostic methods is visualisation of the bladder neck opening which enables seeing the difference between internal and external urethral sphincter disfunction. Micturition video cysto-urethrography with X-rays makes possible to carry on such examinations, but it requires catheterisation which makes the method invasive. My purpose is to replace this examination by dynamic functional evaluation of the internal urethral sphincter during transrectal ultrasonography. During 10 routine transrectal ultrasound examinations of the prostate, patients were asked to urinate. During examination changes in configuration of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra were observed. Two patients could not urinate in horizontal position. In the rest of the patients very clear pictures showing changes in the shape and dimensions of the urethra during urination, were achieved. They were much more clear in comparison with X-ray video cystourethrography. Transrectal sonography is a perfect technique of the visualisation of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra during urination. The suggested method should be included into the urodynamic examinations.
Analog design procedures for channel lengths down to 20 nm (2013)

A new design procedure is derived for analog design with MOSTs in all three regions of operation i.e. strong and weak inversion and velocity saturation. BSIM6/EKV model parameters are used. Optimum biasing points are derived for single- and two-stage amplifiers. It is shown that for channel lengths around 20 nm, a unique optimum is achieved for the f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> × g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DS</sub> Figure of merit. At such low channel lengths noise and distortion establish severe limitations in dynamic range. They can be mitigated by the use of negative resistors, as used in an increasing number of amplifier and filter configurations. An overview is given of such circuit configurations.
Distribution and Cross-Sectional Age-Related Increases of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Young Adults (2004)

Background and Purpose— Reference values and age-related changes of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) have not been described in a community-based sample of young asymptomatic adults. CIMT measurements from the Bogalusa Heart Study, a study of the natural history of atherosclerosis in young adults and children, were used to characterize age-, race-, and sex-specific CIMT distributions and yearly rates of change. Methods— Age-, sex-, and race-specific CIMT percentile values and cross-sectional changes with age were estimated using B-mode carotid ultrasound images from 519 young adults (mean age 32 years, 61% female, 29% black). Nomograms of CIMT percentiles between the ages of 25 and 40 years are provided in 5-year increments. Results— CIMT was thickest in the carotid bulb and increased linearly with age, most rapidly in the bulb. With age, composite CIMT increased most slowly in white females and most rapidly in white males. Sample size estimates projected that 268 to 462 subjects are needed to detect CIMT changes ≥0.010 mm/year. Conclusions— These estimated CIMT distributions and percentiles can serve as reference values for assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults. The observed age-related differences in CIMT can be used to plan epidemiological and clinical trials investigating atherosclerosis and anti-atherosclerotic interventions.
On Understanding Environment-Enhanced Fatigue Crack Growth — A Fundamental Approach (1979)

Corrosion fatigue is a generic term that is used to describe the phenomenon of cracking (including environment-enhanced fatigue crack growth) in materials under the combined actions of an applied cyclic stress and a corrosive (aggressive) environment. Quantitative characterization and understanding have been hampered by the complexity of the problem, difficulties in separating the effects associated with crack initiation and crack growth, and by the absence of a truly interdisciplinary attack of the problem. With the development of fracture mechanics technology and sophisticated techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction analysis, quantification of environment-enhanced fatigue crack growth has now been placed on a reasonably firm basis in terms of both steady-state and transient responses. Understanding of the chemical processes that control environment-enhanced fatigue crack growth is beginning to emerge from coordinated mechanical, metallurgical, and chemical studies. A fundamental approach that underlies these studies and recent progress using this approach are described. Areas and directions for future research are discussed.
Processing of coal, oil sand and heavy oil in situ by electric and magnetic fields (1979)

A study has been made to determine the feasibility of extracting the energy commodities-electricity, gas, petroleum, coke, and chemical feedstocks-from coal, oil sand, and heavy oil, heating the deposits by electric and magnetic fields. Available electrical and chemical data indicate that this process may be technically and economically feasible. Some basic data are missing, and it has been necessary to indicate possible ranges of values for some parameters. The tentative conclusions drawn are: all these solid fossil fuels can successfully be processed underground. All five energy commodities can be produced economically in adequate quantities for a period of a century or more, without recourse to any other major energy source. The development and construction time required is short enough to permit an uninterrupted supply of energy commodities as present sources decline.
Limits to clock synchronization induced by completely dephasing communication channels (2002)

Clock synchronization procedures are analyzed in the presence of imperfect communications. In this context we show that there are physical limitations, which prevent one from synchronizing distant clocks when the intervening medium is completely dephasing, as in the case of a rapidly varying dispersive medium.
Charge current control for LLC resonant converter (2015)

This paper proposes a charge current control method for LLC resonant converter where the total charge of the switch current is compared with the control voltage to modulate the switching frequency. Since the proposed control method uses resonant current for only a half switching cycle together with duty cycle balancing circuit, the circuit can be implemented easily with analog circuit. The charge control makes the system single pole system allowing easy compensation design. Since the charge of the switch current is proportional to the average input current over each switching cycle, it also allows constant power limit. The proposed method has been implemented and tested on a 225W LLC resonant converter.
Iterative detection and decoding with an improved V-BLAST for MIMO-OFDM systems (2006)

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems provide a very promising means to increase the spectral efficiency for wireless systems. By using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), wideband transmission can be achieved over frequency-selective fading radio channels. First, in this paper, we introduce an improved vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) receiver which takes the decision errors into account. Second, we propose an iterative detection and decoding (IDD) scheme for coded layered space-time architectures in MIMO-OFDM systems. For the iterative process, a low-complexity demapper is developed by making use of both nonlinear interference cancellation and linear minimum mean-square error filtering. Also, a simple cancellation method based on hard decision is presented to reduce the overall complexity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IDD scheme combined with the improved V-BLAST performs almost as well as the optimal turbo-MIMO approach, while providing tremendous savings in computational complexity.
Dipetalonema viteae (Filarioidea): development of the infective larvae in vitro. (1981)

The development of Dipetalonema viteae third stage larvae was attempted in vitro. A monophasic culture system consisting of BHK-21 medium supplemented with 10% tryptose-phosphate broth and 15% fresh jird serum allowed the growth of previously in vivo triggered larvae, but not of those isolated from ticks. The larvae could complete their third moult and grew on a fourth stage larvae up to 5 mm. This development was comparable to that observed in vivo. The presence of an irradiated hamster kidney cell feeder layer could replace an in vivo trigger. The development of the infective larvae took place up to the third moult. Some larvae completed the moult to the fourth stage and reached a maximum length of 3 mm after 14 days. These culture systems offer the possibility to study in vitro the complete development of the infective larvae to fourth stage larvae.
Fingertip friction modulation due to electrostatic attraction (2013)

The human fingertip is extremely sensitive to lateral (shear) forces that arise in surface exploration. We and others have developed haptic displays that work by modulating surface friction via electrostatic attraction. Despite the demonstrated ability of these displays to render haptic environments, an understanding of the fingertip-surface interface is lacking. We have developed a tribometer for measuring the lateral frictional forces on a fingertip under well-controlled conditions. We show an expected square law dependence of frictional force (and inferred electrostatic normal force) on actuation voltage, although we observe a large person to person variability. We model an expected dependence of the frictional force on the frequency of the actuation voltage, predicting a first order cut off below about 500Hz. However, our measurements are unambiguously at odds with the model's predictions.
Homework Compliance and Behavior Therapy Outcome for Panic with Agoraphobia and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (2002)

Relationships between outcome of in vivo exposure and the quality and quantity of homework assignments were examined for 82 outpatients with anxiety disorders (35 with panic disorder with agoraphobia; 47 with obsessive-compulsive disorder). Consistent with prior research, treatment outcome was largely unrelated to both quality and quantity of homework. The one exception was a significant correlation between worse outcome and larger subjective-units-of-distress scores during exposure. This effect was small and in the direction opposite to that predicted. A secondary goal was to explore client characteristics related to homework compliance. Although trends emerged for homework quantity to relate to race, diagnostic group and pre-treatment functioning, these relationships were no longer significant following f -correction for the number of tests. Methodological weaknesses in the area of homework compliance and outcome are discussed. Keywords: CognitiveBehavioralTreatmentAnxietyHomeworkTherapyClientCharacteristicsHomePractice
Linking Peptide and Polyketide Biosynthesis. (1995)

The biosynthesis of natural products involves many similar reactions
Assessing the Costs and Benefits of an Oral Vaccine for Raccoon Rabies: A Possible Model (1996)

Any cost-benefit analysis of the use of an oral vaccine to control raccoon rabies should include calculating both costs and benefits in terms of $/unit area. Further, cost savings must be adjusted to match the stages of an epizootic: pre-epizootic, epizootic, and post-epizootic. A generic model, which can be adapted to different sites, illustrates the use of threshold analysis to link distribution costs, cost savings, bait density, and vaccine price. Initial results indicate the need to lower the cost of the vaccine, continue research to determine optimal bait densities, and examine distribution plans that do not require continued protection of areas in which raccoon rabies was eliminated through previous vaccination programs.
Proteomic study of human bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by combining surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry profiling with mass spectrometric protein identification (2005)

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is an important diagnostic source to investigate cellular and molecular changes in the course of lung disorders. The pattern of soluble proteins in BALF obtained from patients at different stages of respiratory disorders may provide deeper insights in the molecular mechanisms of the disease. We used surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MS) for differential protein display combined with reversed-phase chromatography and subsequent matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS or nanoliquid chromatography MS/MS analysis for protein identification to compare the protein pattern of BALF samples obtained from ten smokers suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), eight clinically asymptomatic smokers, and eight nonsmokers without pulmonary disease. In this context, we were able to identify small proteins and peptides, either differentially expressed or secreted in the course of COPD or in a direct response to cigarette smoke. The concentrations of neutrophil defensins 1 and 2, S100A8 (calgranulin A), and S100A9 (calgranulin B) were elevated in BALFs of smokers with COPD when compared to asymptomatic smokers. Increased concentrations in S100A8 (Calgranulin A), salivary proline-rich peptide P-C, and lysozyme C were detected in BALFs of asymptomatic smokers when compared to nonsmokers, whereas salivary proline-rich peptide P-D and Clara cell phospholipid-binding protein (CC10) were reduced in their concentration. The identified proteins and peptides might be useful in the future as diagnostic markers for smoke-induced lung irritations and COPD.
Approche rétrospective de la phénoménologie husserlienne (1972)

Approche rétrospective de la phénoménologie husserlienne : rappel de quelques éléments de sa genèse et de son évolution ; ses « chances » d'avenir. Un article de la revue Laval théologique et philosophique (Volume 28, numéro 1, 1972, p. 3-108) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
Altered adherence in strains of Candida albicans harbouring null mutations in secreted aspartic proteinase genes (1998)

The aspartate proteinase inhibitor pepstatin A has been shown previously to reduce the adherence of Candida albicans yeast cells to human surfaces. This suggests that in addition to their presumed function facilitating tissue penetration, the secreted aspartate proteinases (Saps) of this fungal pathogen may have auxiliary roles as cellular adhesins. We therefore examined the relative adherence of yeast cells of a parental wild-type strain of C. albicans in relation to yeast cells of strains harbouring specific disruptions in various members of the SAP gene family in an otherwise isogenic background. The adhesiveness of Δsap1, Δsap2 and Δsap3 null mutants and a triple Δsap 4–6 disruptant was examined on three surfaces – glass coated with poly-l-lysine or a commercial cell-free basement membrane preparation (Matrigel) and on human buccal epithelial cells. Pepstatin A reduced adherence to all surfaces. Adherence of the each of the single SAP null mutants to these three substrates was either reduced or not affected significantly compared to that of the parental strain. The adherence of the Δsap4–6 mutant was reduced on poly-l-lysine and Matrigel, but increased on buccal cells. The results suggest that in addition to a primary enzymatic role, various SAPs may also act singly or synergistically to enhance the adhesiveness to C. albicans cells to certain human tissues.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthases from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2001)

Two Arabidopsis thaliana genes were shown to encode phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthases (PGPS) of 25.4 and 32.2 kDa, respectively. Apart from their N‐terminal regions, the two proteins exhibit high sequence similarity. Functional expression studies in yeast provided evidence that the 25.4 kDa protein is a microsomal PGPS while the 32.2 kDa protein represents a preprotein which can be imported into yeast mitochondria and processed to a mature PGPS. The two isozymes were solubilized and purified as fusion proteins carrying a His tag at their C‐terminus. Enzyme assays with both membrane fractions and purified enzyme fractions revealed that the two A. thaliana isozymes have similar properties but differ in their CDP‐diacylglycerol species specificity.
Galectin-3, a Novel Binding Partner of β-Catenin (2004)

Galectin-3 (gal-3), a pleiotrophic protein, is an important regulator of tumor metastasis, which like beta-catenin shuttles between the nucleus and the cytosol in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. We report herein that beta-catenin stimulation of cyclin D1 and c-myc expression is gal-3 dependent. Gal-3 binds to beta-catenin/Tcf complex, colocalizes with beta-catenin in the nucleus, and induces the transcriptional activity of Tcf-4 as determined by the TOP/FOPFLASH reporter system. We have identified the beta-catenin-gal-3-binding sequences, which are in the NH2 and COOH termini of the proteins encompassing amino acid residues 1 to 131 and 143 to 250, respectively. These data indicate that gal-3 is a novel binding partner for beta-catenin involved in the regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.