gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring thrombin generation: Is addition of corn trypsin inhibitor needed? (2009)

Thrombin generation monitoring has the potential to be used as a clinical diagnostic tool in the near future. However, robust preanalytical conditions may be required, and one factor that has been reported is in-vitro contact activation that might influence in-vitro measurements of thrombin generation and thereby act as an unpredictable pre-analytical variable. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of contact activation and the necessity of corn trypsin inhibitor (CTI) to abolish contact activation in thrombin generation measurements at low tissue factor (TF) concentrations. Thrombin generation was performed using the calibrated automated thrombinoscopy (CAT), thereby determining the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), peak height, and the lag time, in plasma obtained from healthy volunteers. Addition of CTI after plasma preparation had no significant influence on thrombin generation triggered with 0.5 pM TF or higher, as demonstrated by unaltered ETP and lag time values between analyses with and without CTI. Addition of CTI before blood collection reduced thrombin generation triggered with 0.5 pM TF: both the ETP and peak height were significantly reduced compared to no CTI addition. In contrast, thrombin generation remained unaltered at a 1 pM TF trigger or above. This study demonstrates that addition of CTI after plasma separation is not necessary when triggering with TF concentrations of 0.5 pM and higher. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that it is not needed to pre-fill blood collecting tubes with CTI when measuring thrombin generation at TF concentrations of >/=1 pM.
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial flutter circuits. (1996)

Common atrial flutter is due to reentrant activation of the right atrium, rotating around anatomic structures and areas of functional block, in counterclockwise direction in the frontal plane. The myocardium between the inferior vena cava and the tricuspid valve is critical to close the activation circuit, and ablation of this isthmus by catheter-delivered radiofrequency can interrupt flutter, and eventually destroy the circuit, preventing recurrence of the arrhythmia. Flutter interruption does not mean complete isthmus ablation, and the procedure endpoint is to attain flutter non-inducibility, and isthmus block. Despite non-inducibility, flutter may recur, and new procedures may be needed for complete ablation. Atrial fibrillation can occur in up to 35% of the cases during follow-up but is generally well controlled with drugs that were ineffective against flutter before ablation. Some atypical atrial flutters show circular right atrial activation, using the same circuit in a clockwise direction, and these can also be interrupted by ablation of the inferior vena cava-tricuspid valve isthmus. Other atypical flutters can have different anatomic substrates in the right or left atrium, and mapping has to define specific isthmuses as ablation targets in each case. Left atrial flutter remains inaccessible to ablation.
Use of Out-Dated Frames in Large Scale Sample Surveys (1962)

Summary In planning a large scale sample survey it is often found that the available frame from which the sample could be drawn is not up-to-date. In a dynamic population the sample thus drawn does not usually provid~ unbiased estimates of the population characteristics existing during the period of the survey. Unless some adjustments are made on the data collected during the survey, estimate of any population characteristic would be somewhat biased. In this paper some simple methods have been suggested on the basis of a reasonable birth and death process (for taking into account the changing population) which could be easily worked out in most of the practical situations. Some illustrations explaining the suggested methods have also been given.
Association between Obesity and Patient Satisfaction (2006)

In this nationally representative sample of individuals, obese persons were more satisfied than their normal-weight counterparts. This finding counters those of previous studies. Incomplete adjustments for health care use and insurance status may have led to those conclusions.
金刚石的年龄,成因和置位：对过去十年科学进展的评述 (1994)

进去十年中的科学进展大大增进了我们对金刚石的年龄和成因等方面的了解。现代分析技术使各＜２００μｍ的微细粒子的准确化学析成为可能。因此有可能进行金刚石中的矿物包裹体的地球化学研究，这就是过去十年科学进展的主要原因。概括来说，包体研究结果表明，大多数金刚石均产于两种类型岩石中：橄榄岩和榴辉岩。橄榄岩型金刚石的年龄为３３００Ｍａ，而榴辉岩型金钢石的年龄要轻一些，约为１０００－１５００Ｍａ。通常与金刚石伴
Beta 2-microglobulin-dependent T cells are dispensable for allergen-induced T helper 2 responses. (1996)

CD4+ and CD8+ alpha/beta+ T cells of the T helper cell (Th)2 phenotype produce the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 that promote IgE production and eosinophilic inflammation. IL-4 may play an important role in mediating the differentiation of antigenically naive alpha/beta+ T cells into Th2 cells. Murine NK1.1+ (CD4+ or CD4-CD8-) alpha/beta+ T cells comprise a beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m)-dependent cell population that rapidly produces IL-4 after cell activation in vitro and in vivo and has been proposed as a source of IL-4 for Th2 cell differentiation. alpha/beta+ CD8+ T cells, most of which require beta 2m for their development, have also been proposed as positive regulators of allergen-induced Th2 responses. We tested whether beta 2m-dependent T cells were essential for Th2 cell-mediated allergic reactions by treating wild-type, beta 2m-deficient (beta 2m -/-), and IL-4-deficient (IL-4 -/-) mice of the C57BL/6 genetic background with ovalbumin (OVA), using a protocol that induces robust allergic pulmonary disease in wild-type mice. OVA-treated beta 2m -/- mice had circulating levels of total and OVA-specific IgE, pulmonary eosinophilia, and expression of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 mRNA in bronchial lymph node tissue similar to that of OVA-treated wild-type mice. In contrast, these responses in OVA-treated IL-4 -/- mice were all either undetectable or markedly reduced compared with wild-type mice, confirming that IL-4 was required in this allergic model. These results indicate that the NK1.1+ alpha/beta+ T cell population, as well as other beta 2m-dependent populations, such as most peripheral alpha/beta+ CD8+ T cells, are dispensable for the Th2 pulmonary response to protein allergens.
Mammalian aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (1996)

This chapter discusses the recent developments of the studies on the structure-function relationship of mammalian synthetases, with emphasis on those features that are unique in mammalian synthetases and are for the most part absent in bacterial and yeast enzymes. Translation and transcription constitute the two major steps of gene expression in all organisms. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (RSs) carry out the key role of the interpretation of the genetic code by the covalent attachment of specific amino acids to cognate tRNAs. The chapter discusses various classifications of mammalian aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases with several examples. The chapter also discusses the general structure of the RS complex dissociation and organization of the synthetases complex primary structures of mammalian synthetases. The chapter describes several distinct characteristics of N-terminal extensions in mammalian aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Mammalian RSs are obviously more complex than their bacterial or yeast counterparts. The structure and function of mammalian RSs are not well understood despite the tremendous progress that has been made at an increasingly rapid pace. The occurrence of synthetases complexes provides excellent models for the elucidation of basic principles in molecular interactions for highly complex machinery that requires efficiency, fidelity, and versatility. Synthetases are critically important in the interpretation of the genetic code and are responsible for the biosynthesis of all proteins in all cells and tissues. In view of the physiological roles of amino acids, elucidation of such relation is obviously important. The chapter concludes with the organization of synthetases and protein biosynthetic machinery.
A hyperellipsoid neural network for pattern classification (1991)

Proposes a distance based neural network for pattern classification. In the beginning of network training, a hyperellipsoid is constructed for each training pattern. The authors try to merge the hyperellipsoids of the same classes without interfering with the hyperellipsoids of other classes. Because each class is represented by several hyperellipsoids, any pattern which is located in or nearest to one of these hyperellipsoids is classified to this class. This distance based neural network does not need any hidden layer. An example is given to compare the performances of this network and the multilayer perceptron. It shows that better performance may be obtained by using this network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
User, carer and professional experiences of care in motor neurone disease (2003)

Motor neurone disease (MND) is a devastating neurological terminal condition with no cure. Care is the only option, which sharpens the need for its examination and clarification. This paper reports on a hermeneutic study which addressed the question, ‘What are the lay and professional values of care in the context of motor neurone disease and is there a difference between them which affects care delivery and receipt?’ The study discovered three ways of caring, with most alignment between the two lay groups. The professional carer stance is predominantly functional and illustrates detachment from the experience of living with illness whereas the recipients' needs are holistic. These two value structures, the mechanistic and the hermeneutic, are in tension. To redress this imbalance, support for a dispositional shift in professional values to be more client focused is advocated.
Micromechanics Fatigue Damage Analysis Modeling for Fabric Reinforced Ceramic (2013)

Abstract A micromechanics analysis modeling method was developed to analyze the damage progression and fatigue failure of fabric reinforced composite structures, especially for the brittle ceramic matrix material composites. A repeating unit cell concept of fabric reinforced composites was used to represent the global composite structure. The thermal and mechanical properties of the repeating unit cell were considered as the same as those of the global composite structure. The three-phase micromechanics, the shear -lag, and the continuum fracture mechanics models were integrated with a statistical model in the repeating unit cell to predict the progressive damages and fatigue life of the composite structures. The global structure failure was defined as the loss of loading capability of the repeating unit cell, which depends on the stiffness reduction due to material slice failures and nonlinear material properties in the repeating unit cell. The present methodology is demonstrated with the analysis results evaluated through the experimental test performed with carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix plain weave composite specimens.
Image/patient registration from (partial) projection data by the Fourier phase matching method (1999)

A technique for 2D or 3D image/patient registration, PFPM (projection based Fourier phase matching method), is proposed. This technique provides image/patient registration directly from sequential tomographic projection data. The method can also deal with image files by generating 2D Radon transforms slice by slice. The registration in projection space is done by calculating a Fourier invariant (FI) descriptor for each one-dimensional projection datum, and then registering the FI descriptor by the Fourier phase matching (FPM) method. The algorithm has been tested on both synthetic and experimental data. When dealing with translated, rotated and uniformly scaled 2D image registration, the performance of the PFPM method is comparable to that of the IFPM (image based Fourier phase matching) method in robustness, efficiency, insensitivity to the offset between images, and registration time. The advantages of the former are that subpixel resolution is feasible, and it is more insensitive to image noise due to the averaging effect of the projection acquisition. Furthermore, the PFPM method offers the ability to generalize to 3D image/patient registration and to register partial projection data. By applying patient registration directly from tomographic projection data, image reconstruction is not needed in the therapy set-up verification, thus reducing computational time and artefacts. In addition, real time registration is feasible. Registration from partial projection data meets the geometry and dose requirements in many application cases and makes dynamic set-up verification possible in tomotherapy.
Measurement of excessive appetite and metabolic changes in Prader-Willi syndrome. (1993)

The behavioural, cognitive and metabolic response to food intake was studied in 13 adults with the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and compared to ten age-matched controls. Rates of eating were observed during one hour's access to food and feelings of hunger were assessed using a visual analogue scale. Blood was taken for estimation of glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK), prolactin, growth hormone (GH) and cortisol every 20 min for a total period of 100 min. Ten (76%) of the subjects with PWS ate steadily for the whole hour that food was available and on average consumed three times more calories than the control group. The median ratings for feelings of hunger in the PWS group changed in the expected direction but these changes were delayed compared to the control group and only reached the same level as the controls after the PWS subjects had eaten a significantly greater amount of food. In the PWS group, in contrast to the control group, feelings of hunger started to re-emerge shortly after food was removed. There were marked differences between individuals with PWS in the extent of the changes in serum prolactin levels. Increases in plasma glucose levels were inversely correlated with changes in hunger ratings in the PWS group, but not the control group. There was a significantly greater increase in serum CCK levels during the meal in the PWS group than in the control group indicating that in PWS failure of peripheral release of CCK in response to food intake was not the explanation for the impaired satiety response.
Joint Carrier Frequency Offset and Channel Estimation for Uplink MIMO-OFDMA Systems Using Parallel Schmidt Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filters (2010)

Joint carrier frequency offset (CFO) and channel estimation for uplink MIMO-OFDMA systems over time-varying channels is investigated. To cope with the prohibitive computational complexity involved in estimating multiple CFOs and channels, pilot-assisted and semi-blind schemes comprised of parallel Schmidt Extended Kalman filters (SEKFs) and Schmidt-Kalman Approximate Particle Filters (SK-APF) are proposed. In the SK-APF, a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) is developed to first estimate the nonlinear state variable, i.e. the desired user's CFO, through the sampling-importance-resampling (SIRS) technique. The individual user channel responses are then updated via a bank of Kalman filters conditioned on the CFO sample trajectories. Simulation results indicate that the proposed schemes can achieve highly accurate CFO/channel estimates, and that the particle filtering approach in the SK-APF outperforms the more conventional Schmidt Extended Kalman Filter.
Ah Receptor Antagonism Represses Head and Neck Tumor Cell Aggressive Phenotype (2012)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been shown to play a role in an increasing number of cellular processes. Recent reports have linked the AhR to cell proliferation, cytoskeletal arrangement, and tumor invasiveness in various tumor cell types. The AhR plays a role in the de-repression of the interleukin (IL)6 promoter in certain tumor cell lines, allowing for increased transcriptional activation by cytokines. Here, we show that there is a significant level of constitutive activation of the AhR in cells isolated from patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Constitutive activation of the AhR in HNSCCs was blocked by antagonist treatment, leading to a reduction in IL6 expression. In addition, the AhR exhibits a high level of expression in HNSCCs than in normal keratinocytes. These findings led to the hypothesis that the basal AhR activity in HNSCCs plays a role in the aggressive phenotype of these tumors and that antagonist treatment could mitigate this phenotype. This study provides evidence that antagonism of the AhR in HNSCC tumor cells, in the absence of exogenous receptor ligands, has a significant effect on tumor cell phenotype. Treatment of these cell lines with the AhR antagonists 6, 2', 4'-trimethoxyflavone, or the more potent GNF351, decreased migration and invasion of HNSCC cells and prevented benzo[a]pyrene-mediated induction of the chemotherapy efflux protein ABCG2. Thus, an AhR antagonist treatment has been shown to have therapeutic potential in HNSCCs through a reduction in aggressive cell phenotype.
Protodestannylation of carbomethoxy-substituted vinylstannanes: Kinetics, stereochemistry and mechanisms (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProtodestannylation of carbomethoxy-substituted vinylstannanes: Kinetics, stereochemistry and mechanismsJohn C. Cochran, Lois E. Williams, Brian S. Bronk, Julie A. Calhoun, Julianne Fassberg, and Kimber G. ClarkCite this: Organometallics 1989, 8, 3, 804–812Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/om00105a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views498Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Study of olive oil-in-water emulsions with protein emulsifiers (2012)

The rheological properties and oxidative stability of oil-in-water emulsions (O/W) with olive oil stabilized by soy protein isolate (SI) and whey protein isolate (WPI) were investigated. The emulsions were prepared at oil phase volume concentrations ranging from 30 to 70% v/v and emulsifier concentrations ranging from 4 to 8 wt%. The emulsions exhibited Newtonian or pseudoplastic behaviour at lower oil and emulsifier concentrations and plastic behaviour at higher concentrations. In addition, the emulsion stability against creaming over storage period was determined. It was established that the emulsions at lower oil concentration were less stable. The creaming stability correlated well with the viscosity of dispersive systems. The differences in the oxidation processes were evaluated by measuring the formation of primary and secondary oxidation products. It was shown that the emulsions with lower olive oil volume concentration were less stable than the emulsions with higher one. The bulk olive oil was more stable than the O/W emulsions both with SI and WPI.
Autologous and Allogenous Antibodies in Lung and Islet Cell Transplantation (2016)

The field of organ transplantation has undoubtedly made great strides in recent years. Despite the advances in donor-recipient histocompatibility testing, improvement in transplantation procedures, and development of aggressive immunosuppressive regimens, graft-directed immune responses still pose a major problem to the long-term success of organ transplantation. Elicitation of immune responses detected as antibodies to mismatched donor antigens (alloantibodies) and tissue-restricted self-antigens (autoantibodies) are two major risk factors for the development of graft rejection that ultimately lead to graft failure. In this review, we describe current understanding on genesis and pathogenesis of antibodies in two important clinical scenarios: lung transplantation and transplantation of islet of Langerhans. It is evident that when compared to any other clinical solid organ or cellular transplant, lung and islet transplants are more susceptible to rejection by combination of allo- and autoimmune responses.
Asymmetrical magneto-impedance effect in twisted amorphous wires for sensitive magnetic sensors (1995)

An asymmetrical and sensitive magneto-impedance effect was realized in twisted FeCoSiB and CoSiB amorphous wires magnetized with a dc-biased ac current, in impedance up to about 120%/Oe. The asymmetrical magneto-impedance (AMI) is useful to construct linear field sensors without any dc bias field. Mechanisms of the AMI are also discussed.
Calcium Antagonists and Intrarenal Regulation of Glomerular Filtration Rate (1987)

The intrarenal tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism operates at the site of contact between the thick ascending limb and glomerulus where specialized macula densa cells detect changes in tubular fluid composition and transmit information to the smooth muscle cells of the afferent arteriole. Increases in tubular fluid osmolality result in the transmission of vasoconstrictor signals and decreases in the rate of filtrate formation. Recent studies have identified two sites at which cytosolic calcium may play important roles. First, studies indicate that tubuloglomerular mediated vasoconstriction involves calcium mediated excitation contraction coupling of smooth muscle cells of the afferent arteriole. This calcium mediated event is sensitive to calcium channel blockade. Second, recent studies suggest that the macula densa cells may detect changes in tubular fluid osmolality through a cytosolic calcium system. The use of intracellular calcium antagonists further suggests that intracellular calcium mobilization is the primary mechanism responsible for increases in macula densa cytosolic calcium with increases in tubular fluid osmolality. Calmodulin and cyclic AMP may serve as modulators of this cytosolic calcium system. These studies suggest that calcium plays important roles in the regulation of renal hemodynamics.