gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Speed Protective Relays (1930)

During the past year or so, studies of stability have been made, to determine methods of preventing loss of synchronism upon the occurrence of faults. Of the several methods found, the most obvious and effective is the high speed isolation of the faulty section of the line; and this, of course, means high speed relays and high speed breakers. Investigation so far has indicated that the time required depends upon the type of fault. Since a three-phase short circutit prevents the flow of synchronizing power, it is the most serious type, and must be cleared in from 6 to 10 cycles. This demands the use of relays which will operate instantaneously. Recent suggestions have been numerous and these are discussed. This paper covers relays operating at normal frequency and those which have been operated or suggested for operation at higher superimposed frequencies. While there is a number of difficulties attendant on the design of high-speed relays, (these troubles depending on the type and construction of the relay), high speed relays may still be made to operate on any of the present well known principles such as, impedance principle, current balance principle, etc. They may employ either a mechanical structure or they may make use of thermionic or gas-filled tubes. Attention is given to a mechanical relay of the impedance type operating with a speed of one cycle or less.
Long-Term Outcomes After ARDS (2001)

Early reports of late outcomes among survivors of ARDS indicated that most patients improved dramatically after their intensive care unit stay, and few lived with residua of their once-severe pulmonary injury. Over the last decade, a collection of new studies with improved methodology and novel questions has improved our understanding of life after ARDS. After reviewing these newer investigations in the context of previously published literature, we have drawn several preliminary conclusions: (1) Long-term survival after hospital discharge is unaffected by ARDS, but is strongly affected by ARDS risk factor and comorbidities. (2) Respiratory symptoms after ARDS are more prevalent than previously indicated, but improve over the first 12 months of recovery. (3) Pulmonary function testing reveals marked impairment soon after ARDS. There is improvement over the first 6 months, with lingering mild decreases in lung volume and diffusing capacity in most patients. A small group of patients have severe impairment without improvement. (4) Quality of life, functional independence, and cognitive function are severely affected by ARDS, with dramatic improvement over the first year. Quality of life is lower than in matched critically ill controls. (5) Significant numbers of ARDS survivors suffer from posttraumatic stress syndrome. This is an exciting time for research in long-term outcomes of ARDS, with potential for future studies that validate these single-center hypotheses, explore their ramifications, and investigate the impacts of changing practices in the intensive care unit in the acute phase of ARDS.
인사부서의 전략적 역할과 참여적 작업시스템, 직무만족: 노사관계 분위기의 매개효과 (2010)

The main purpose of this study investigates empirically the HR department`s strategic roles that has determined the adoption of participative work system in hotel industry. And this study examines impact of participative work organization on job satisfaction and tests the mediation effect of cooperative industrial relations within the participative work system with Job satisfaction. The results, based on a sample of 417 employees across 109 hotel firms, indicate that participative work system is strongly related to job satisfaction. Research finding are summarized as follows. First, HR department`s strategic role has positive relationship on the participative work system in hotel industry. Second, the participative work organization has positive effect on the cooperative industrial relations. Third, the participative work organization has a meaningful positive effect on job satisfaction. Fourth, the cooperative industrial relations has a partial mediating effect in the relationships between participative work organization and job satisfaction. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications, limitations of this study are discussed in conclusion session.
Substructure searching on very large files by using multiple storage techniques (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstructure searching on very large files by using multiple storage techniquesAlexander Bartmann, Helmut Maier, Dirk Walkowiak, Bernard Roth, and Martin G. HicksCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1993, 33, 4, 539–541Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci00014a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00014a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Sour Taste Stimuli Evoke Ca <sup>2+</sup> and pH Responses in Mouse Taste Cells (2003)

Sour taste is elicited by acids. How taste cells transduce sour taste is controversial because acids (specifically protons) have diverse effects on cell membranes. Consequently, it is difficult to differentiate between events related to sour taste transduction per se and unrelated effects of protons. We have studied acid taste transduction in mouse taste buds using a lingual slice preparation where it is possible to measure changes in pH and [Ca2+]i simultaneously in taste cells. Focal application of citric acid or HCl to the apical tips of taste buds produced widespread acidification of the entire taste bud. Citric acid was effective at a pH of approximately 4, but HCl only at a pH of approximately 1.5. Despite acidification of the whole taste bud, only a select few taste cells exhibited Ca2+ responses. Acid-evoked Ca2+ responses were dose dependent in a range consistent with them being sour-taste responses. Cells exhibiting acid-evoked Ca2+ responses also responded to KCl depolarization. Acid-evoked Ca2+ responses were blocked by Ba2+ (2 mM) and Cd2+ (500 microM), suggesting that acid responses are generated by Ca2+ influx through depolarization-gated Ca2+ channels. Removing extracellular Ca2+ reduced acid-evoked Ca2+ responses, but depleting intracellular Ca2+ stores with thapsigargin had no effect, suggesting that acid taste responses are generated by an influx of extracellular Ca2+. Neither Cs+ (500 microM) nor amiloride (100 microM) affected acid-evoked Ca2+ responses, suggesting that neither hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (pacemaker) channels nor epithelial Na+ channels, respectively, transduce sour taste. Collectively, the results indicate that acids, especially weak acids, acidify the taste bud and evoke depolarization-induced Ca2+ entry into a select subset of taste cells. The primary transducer protein(s) for sour taste remain undiscovered.
AutoAnnotate: A Cytoscape app for summarizing networks with semantic annotations (2016)

Networks often contain regions of tightly connected nodes, or clusters, that highlight their shared relationships. An effective way to create a visual summary of a network is to identify clusters and annotate them with an enclosing shape and a summarizing label. Cytoscape provides the ability to annotate a network with shapes and labels, however these annotations must be created manually one at a time, which can be a laborious process. AutoAnnotate is a Cytoscape 3 App that automates the process of identifying clusters and visually annotating them. It greatly reduces the time and effort required to fully annotate clusters in a network, and provides freedom to experiment with different strategies for identifying and labelling clusters. Many customization options are available that enable the user to refine the generated annotations as required. Annotated clusters may be collapsed into single nodes using the Cytoscape groups feature, which helps simplify a network by making its overall structure more visible. AutoAnnotate is applicable to any type of network, including enrichment maps, protein-protein interactions, pathways, or social networks.
A Study on Human Resource Scheduling Scheme for Multimedia Service Provisioning in Ubiquitous Environment (2009)

At a Internet service provider(ISP), field human resources visit many customers sites to provide multimedia services to customers in ubiquitous environment. Scheduling the resources is a hard problem because there are many tasks which have to be done by the resources and the number of the resources is not sufficient. To tackle this problem, ISPs had used team-based scheduling system. However, this aporoach was not sufficient to reduce the number of frequent changes of arrival time and could not increase operational efficiency. We also developed an optimal resource selection algorithm based on statistical information when an operator assigns a task to the resource. After we adopted this algorithm to the real world, the resources can do more tasks in a day.
The <i>C. elegans</i> microRNA <i>let-7</i> binds to imperfect <i>let-7</i> complementary sites from the <i>lin-41</i> 3′UTR (2004)

Caenorhabditis elegans let-7, a founding member of the microRNA family, is predicted to bind to six sites in the 3'UTR of the mRNA of its target gene, lin-41, to down-regulate LIN-41. Here, we demonstrate that wild-type let-7 microRNA binds in vitro to RNA from the lin-41 3'UTR. This interaction is dependent on two conserved let-7 complementary sites (LCSs). A 27-nucleotide sequence between the LCSs is also necessary for down-regulation in vivo. LCS mutations compensatory to the lesion in let-7(n2853) can partially restore lin-41 3'UTR function in a let-7(n2853) background, providing the first experimental evidence for an animal miRNA binding directly to its validated target in vivo.
Automatic Supported Liquid Extraction (SLE) Coupled with HILIC-MS/MS: An Application to Method Development and Validation of Erlotinib in Human Plasma (2010)

A novel bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of erlotinib in human plasma by using the supported liquid extraction (SLE) sample cleanup coupled with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometric detection (HILIC-MS/MS). The SLE extract could be directly injected into the HILIC-MS/MS system for analysis without the solvent evaporation and reconstitution steps. Therefore, the method is simple and rapid. In the present method, erlotinib-<i>d₆</i> was used as the internal standard. The SLE extraction recovery was 101.3%. The validated linear curve range was 2 to 2,000 ng/mL based on a sample volume of 0.100-mL, with a linear correlation coefficient of > 0.999. The validation results demonstrated that the present method gave a satisfactory precision and accuracy: intra-day CV < 5.9% (.
Intravenous Urea Treatment of the Painful Crisis of Sickle-Cell Disease (1971)

Because it may break the hydrophobic bonds responsible for the sickling phenomenon, urea (40–320 g in 10 per cent invert sugar) was given 24 times to 14 patients for treatment of painful sickle-cell crisis. Seventeen crises were terminated, and the patients became free of pain. The major side effect was massive diuresis. Eight patients responded to 40 g of urea with a plasma urea nitrogen of 40 to 80 mg per 100 ml. Nine required more and attained plasma levels of 60 to 120 mg per 100 ml. The levels were similar in the patients who responded and those who did not. These results suggest that urea therapy has a beneficial effect on the painful crises of sickle-cell disease, but the method is still experimental.
A new anisotropic flow simulation for compression molding of glass-mat thermoplastics (2019)

For the practical compression molded glass-mat thermoplastics (GMTs), it is important that the flow pattern in squeezing of circular disks with initial alignment, from manufacturing or prior flow, usually develops into an elliptical shape due to fiber-orientation-induced anisotropic flow. However, prior predictive engineering tools have always provided unsatisfactory isotropic flow results. This challenging anisotropic flow prediction problem has been addressed in this work. Based on the orientation averaged fourth-order viscosity tensor, the Favaloro-Pipes model for an orientation informed isotropic viscosity is proposed and implemented to simulate the natural anisotropic flow behavior in GMT compression molding simulation.
An Organometallic Synthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles (2005)

We report the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles that uses the low-temperature reaction of low-valent organometallic precursors. Bis(cyclooctatetraene)titanium reacts with dimethyl sulfoxide in organic solution at temperatures as low as room temperature to produce TiO2. In the absence of any supporting ligand, the reaction gives precipitation of amorphous TiO2 powder; however, in the presence of basic ligands such as tributylphosphine, tributylphosphine oxide and trioctylphosphine oxide, the precipitation is arrested, and chemically distinct, isolated, internally crystalline TiO2 nanoparticles are formed.
Wellenlängenstabilisierung der grünen Ar II-Laserlinie mit Hilfe gesättigter Absorption in einer internen<sup>129</sup>J<sub>2</sub>-Zelle (1976)

A commercial laser with an intracavity etalon was fitted with an internal 129I2 absorption cell. A rather isolated 129I2 hyperfine component near the ArII line center is used as a reference for laser wavelength stabilization having been achieved by the third harmonic locking technique. The half-width (HWHM) of the hyperfine component is approximately 5 MHz. Therefore, the laser wavelength stability should be Δλ/λ = ± 10-10. The stabilized laser wavelength was measured in comparison with the primary standard of length, yielding the value λvac = (514.67465 ± 0.00001) nm.
FogNetSim++: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Distributed Fog Environment (2018)

Fog computing is a technology that brings computing and storage resources near to the end user. Being in its infancy, fog computing lacks standardization in terms of architectures and simulation platforms. There are a number of fog simulators available today, among which a few are open-source, whereas rest are commercially available. The existing fog simulators mainly focus on a number of devices that can be simulated. Generally, the existing simulators are more inclined toward sensors' configurations, where sensors generate raw data and fog nodes are used to intelligently process the data before sending to back-end cloud or other nodes. Therefore, these simulators lack network properties and assume reliable and error-free delivery on every service request. Moreover, no simulator allows researchers to incorporate their own fog nodes management algorithms, such as scheduling. In existing work, device handover is also not supported. In this paper, we propose a new fog simulator called FogNetSim++ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> that provides users with detailed configuration options to simulate a large fog network. It enables researchers to incorporate customized mobility models and fog node scheduling algorithms, and manage handover mechanisms. In our evaluation setup, a traffic management system is evaluated to demonstrate the scalability and effectiveness of proposed simulator in terms of CPU and memory usage. We have also benchmarked the network parameters, such as execution delay, packet error rate, handovers, and latency.
Coarse View-Dependent Levels of Detail for Hierarchical and Deformable Models (1999)

While a large amount of work is geared towards multi-resolution modeling and rendering, the presented methods work almost exclusively with static models and scenes. The ASLOD (Animated Smooth Level Of Detail) approach presented in this paper is capable of rendering animated scenes consisting of mixtures of conventional and multiresolution models. It features coarse view-dependent multi-resolution rendering by a consistent decomposition of large models into arbitrary regions together with an analytic solution to optimize polygon allocation to such assemblies of multi-resolution models. The multi-resolution model can be used together with animated hierarchical scene graphs. Finally, the multi-resolution model can be combined with a hierarchical skeleton and a realtime deformation algorithm for animating organic shapes rendered at any desired level of detail.
Simulation on A Novel Ga-doped Phase Change Memory for Next Generation Embedded Non-Volatile Memory Application (2008)

Phase change memory (PCM) becomes very hot in Non volatile memory (NVM) with 65 nm below technologies due to its special storage mode. However, several bottlenecks like power, thermal stability and cycling ability limit the development of PCM. Thus, in this paper, a novel phase change memory based on alloy Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> is designed, then FEA transient thermal, crystalline kinetics analysis and SPICE macro model of embedded PCM based on this material are established. The results of FEA transient thermal simulation and crystalline kinetics analysis show that comparing with conventional GeSbTe-base material the new phase change alloy Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> has lower reset power, higher thermal stability and cycling ability as well as faster set frequency.
Giving State to the Stateless: Augmenting Trustworthy Computation with Ledgers (2019)

In this work we investigate new computational properties that can be achieved by combining stateless trusted devices with public ledgers. We consider a hybrid paradigm in which a client-side device (such as a co-processor or trusted enclave) performs secure computation, while interacting with a public ledger via a possibly malicious host computer. We explore both the constructive and potentially destructive implications of such systems. We first show that this combination allows for the construction of stateful interactive functionalities (including general computation) even when the device has no persistent storage; this allows us to build sophisticated applications using inexpensive trusted hardware or even pure cryptographic obfuscation techniques. We further show how to use this paradigm to achieve censorship-resistant communication with a network, even when network communications are mediated by a potentially malicious host. Finally we describe a number of practical applications that can be achieved today. These include the synchronization of private smart contracts; rate limited mandatory logging; strong encrypted backups from weak passwords; enforcing fairness in multi-party computation; and destructive applications such as autonomous ransomware, which allows for payments without an online party.
Using IT to create business value in China: what can be learned from IT research and practices in the developed countries (2006)

As China embarks on the journey of transforming itself from an isolated state-controlled central planning economy into a market-oriented world economic power house, information technology (IT) will increasingly play an important role. The knowledge and experiences accumulated in academic research on and managerial practices in IT in the developed countries over the last three decades can benefit tremendously such a transformation. How can IT be used to create business value in Chinese enterprises as IT begins to permeate all aspects of business operations? Is the 'IT doesn't matter' debate in the USA and developed countries relevant in China? How can China benefit from the successes of IT practices experienced in the developed economies while avoiding the pitfalls? What are the challenges? In this study, we examine different views of IT business value and provide recommendations regarding IT applications in China based on its unique set of cultural, economic and political characteristics. We discuss some lessons and implications for Chinese companies about how to best use the power of IT to create business value.
Three-dimensional Inkjet Printed Solid Oxide Electrochemical Reactors. I. Yttria-stabilized Zirconia Electrolyte (2016)

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and electrolyser (SOE) performances can be enhanced significantly by increasing the densities of (electrode | electrolyte | pore) triple phase boundaries and improving geometric reproducibility and control over composite electrode | electrolyte microstructures, thereby also aiding predictive performance modelling. We developed stable aqueous colloidal dispersions of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), a common SOFC electrolyte material, and used them to fabricate 2D planar and highly-customisable 3D microstructures by inkjet printing. The effects of solids fraction, particle size, and binder concentration on structures were investigated, and crack-free, non-porous electrolyte planes were obtained by tailoring particle size and minimising binder concentration. Micro-pillar arrays and square lattices were printed with the optimised ink composition, and a minimum feature size of 35 μm was achieved in sintered structures, the smallest published to-date. YSZ particles were printed and sintered to a 23 μm thick planar electrolyte in a Ni-YSZ|YSZ|YSZ-LSM|LSM electrolyser for CO2 splitting; a feed of 9:1 CO2:CO mixture at 1.5 V and 809 °C produced a current density of −0.78 A cm−2 even without more complex 3D electrode | electrolyte geometries.
Self-assembled Structure of Polyrotaxane Consisting of β-Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene oxide)-<i>block</i>-poly(propylene oxide)-<i>block</i>-poly(ethylene oxide) Triblock Copolymer in Bulk System (2016)

Abstract Polyrotaxanes consisting of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymer end-capped with bulky trityl groups were synthesized for the first time. Self-assembled structures of the bulk sample cast from water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) based on the crystal structure of β-CD molecules and triblock copolymer microphase separation were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). It was found that microphase-separated structures of a different periodic distance were formed depending on the casting solvent.