gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MiTAP for SARS detection (2004)

The MiTAP prototype for SARS detection uses human language technology for detecting, monitoring, and analyzing potential indicators of infectious disease outbreaks and reasoning for issuing warnings and alerts. MiTAP focuses on providing timely, multilingual information access to analysts, domain experts, and decision-makers worldwide. Data sources are captured, filtered, translated, summarized, and categorized by content. Critical information is automatically extracted and tagged to facilitate browsing, searching, and scanning, and to provide key terms at a glance. The processed articles are made available through an easy-to-use news server and cross-language information retrieval system for access and analysis anywhere, any time. Specialized newsgroups and customizable filters or searches on incoming stories allow users to create their own view into the data while a variety of tools summarize, indicate trends, and provide alerts to potentially relevant spikes of activity.
From Large Furan-Based Calixarenes to Calixpyrroles and Calix[n]furan[m]pyrroles: Syntheses and Structures (2000)

The cyclic hexamer obtained by the condensation of furan and acetone can be used as a convenient starting material for the syntheses of calix[6]pyrrole 1 and of several “hybrid systems” containing both furan and pyrrole units. The solid-state structure of 1 shows a water molecule held inside the cavity by six hydrogen-bonding interactions, while that of the “alternating” calix[3]furan[3]pyrrole 2 contains no water molecules, despite the macrocycles having a similar structure.
Ataxin-3, The Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Neurodegenerative Disorder Protein, Affects Mast Cell Functions (2022)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph Disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of neuronal matter due to the expansion of the CAG repeat in the <i>ATXN3/MJD1</i> gene and subsequent ataxin-3 protein. Although the underlying pathogenic protein expansion has been known for more than 20 years, the complexity of its effects is still under exploration. The ataxin-3 protein in its expanded form is known to aggregate and disrupt cellular processes in neuronal tissue but the role of the protein on populations of immune cells is unknown. Recently, mast cells have emerged as potential key players in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Here, we examined the mast cell-related effects of ataxin-3 expansion in the brain tissues of 304Q ataxin-3 knock-in mice and SCA3 patients. We also established cultures of mast cells from the 304Q knock-in mice and examined the effects of 304Q ataxin-3 knock-in on the immune responses of these cells and on markers involved in mast cell growth, development and function. Specifically, our results point to a role for expanded ataxin-3 in suppression of mast cell marker CD117/c-Kit, pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and NF-κB inhibitor IκBα along with an increased expression of the granulocyte-attracting chemokine CXCL1. These results are the beginning of a more holistic understanding of ataxin-3 and could point to the development of novel therapeutic targets which act on inflammation to mitigate symptoms of SCA3.
Understanding Long-Term Cycling Performance of Li<sub>1.2</sub>Ni<sub>0.15</sub>Mn<sub>0.55</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub>–Graphite Lithium-Ion Cells (2013)

Lithium-ion cells containing lithium– and manganese– rich layered-oxides (LMR-NMC) have gained significant attention in recent years because of their ability to deliver high energy densities. In this article we report on a comprehensive performance and degradation study of cells, containing Li1.2Ni0.15Mn0.55Co0.1O2–based positive electrodes and graphite–based negative electrodes, on extended cycling. In addition to electrochemical measurements on full cells, characterization data on harvested electrodes by techniques that include scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), Raman spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) are discussed. Our data show that cell capacity fade mainly results from lithium trapping in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) of the negative electrode. In addition, cell impedance rise and voltage fade mainly arise at the positive electrode and result from degradation processes in its oxide and carbon constituents. Processes that include the accumulation of transition metal elements at the negative electrode, and increasing misalignment of electrode capacity windows on extended cycling, also have a deleterious effect on cell performance. Identifying sources of performance degradation has enabled strategies to extend cell life, which include improved cell fabrication protocols, positive electrode coatings, and bifunctional electrolyte additives.
A (in) constitucional pena alternativa da perda de bens e valores (2002)

The object of the present work is about the polemic penalty on the loss of valuables, inseerted by the law 9.714/98 in the penal code, art. 43, II the came to regulate art. 5o XLVI, b of the Federal Constitution. It is polemic bacause, according to some teachers, it is the hateful confiscation penalty that should be extinct from all legislations in the righful democratic countries, wereas, to others - and it is in this line that the group is member - such penalty is perfectly legal and applicable. Thus, in this rearch we tried a point to show the bankruptcy of the prision penalty, as well as the bad sides that it brings to the indicted, proposing were possible its substituition. after briefly dealing with alterntive penalties in general, we talk about the alternative panalty on avaluable loss, showing the difference with the confiscation loss, defending its constitutionaly, as well as bring other interesting matter - and trerefore pertinent - to the scientific community. However, as we can see in this work, although this penality is present in our legislations for its improved applicability, since it is great instrument that, once adequate to the social reality, it can help the magistrate in the fight for more dignified and just society.
Treatment of adenomyosis with long-term GnRH analogues: a case report. (1991)

Presented here is the first reported case of biopsy-proved adenomyosis treated medically with long-term GnRH analogue. Uterine volume, as calculated by serial ultrasound measurements, was reduced by 65% after 4 months and remained small several months after discontinuation of therapy. Size reduction was accompanied by amenorrhea and relief of severe dysmenorrhea. Though not proposed as a substitute for surgery, GnRH analogue may be useful as a surgical adjuvant or for temporary reduction of symptoms.
Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (2011)

Abstract The diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) has been part of diesel exhaust systems since regulations were introduced to limit the amount of harmful emissions released to the environment from diesel engines. The DOC primary functions are oxidation of CO, unburned hydrocarbons, and NO, while active hydrocarbon oxidation can also be used to generate exotherms required for downstream components. This review will describe work that has attempted to understand the reactions, both desired and undesired, that occur over the catalyst. First, the history, configuration, and components of the DOC will be discussed, followed by in-depth coverage of the fundamental reactions that occur over a DOC, including reaction mechanisms, reaction inhibition, and other reactivity effects. Finally, DOC deactivation mechanisms and their effects on the DOC are described. While there is a lot of research literature regarding Pt- and Pd-based catalysts for many different reaction schemes, this review tries to highlight work most relevant to DOC applications. Keywords: Diesel oxidation catalystEngine emissionsNO oxidationCO oxidationHydrocarbon oxidation ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors gratefully acknowledge the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and AUTO21 for funding.
ChemInform Abstract: PRODUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE IN THE PYROLYSIS OF AROMATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS (1977)

Abstract Die Pyrolyse von Nitrobenzol und von Nitrosobenzol wird untersucht.
A study on look-ahead control and energy management strategies in hybrid electric vehicles (2010)

Fuel efficiency in a hybrid electric vehicle requires a fine balance between usage of combustion engine and battery power. Information about the geometry of the road and traffic ahead can have a great impact on optimized control and the power split between the main parts of a hybrid electric vehicle. This paper provides a survey on the existing methods of control and energy management emphasizing on those that consider the look-ahead road situation and trajectory information. Then it presents the future trends in the control and energy management of hybrid electric vehicles.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of Enaminones. 3. Investigations on 4'-, 3'-, and 2'-Substituted and Polysubstituted Anilino Compounds, Sodium Channel Binding Studies, and Toxicity Evaluations1,2 (1995)

In a continuing evaluation of the aniline-substituted enaminones, the synthesis of additional para-substituted analogs has been made in an attempt to further quantify the electronic (sigma) and lipophilic (pi) requirements for anticonvulsant activity in this series. In addition, meta- and ortho-substituted and polysubstituted compounds have been synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. In the para-substituted series, 4-cyano analogs (32 and 33) (+ sigma, - pi), which were highly active via intraperitoneal (ip) injection in mice, were inactive on oral (po) administration in rats. The para-substituted trifluoromethoxy (+ sigma, + pi) analog (8) had significant potency by both routes. Meta substitution limited the activity due to steric factors. Bromo and iodo substituents produced active para-substituted analogs (5 and 17) but were inactive when substituted in the meta position (37 and 41, respectively). Ortho substitution provided no clear relationship due to nonparametric deviations. Neither 1, the prototype enaminone, nor 2, the putative metabolite, produced significant nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity. Sodium channel binding of 1 and 8 indicated that 8 displayed relatively potent sodium channel binding but 1 showed weaker effects with IC50 values of 489 and 170 microM respectively against [3H]batrachotoxinin A 20 alpha-benzoate ([3H]BTX-B).
Anti-adhesive properties of fish tropomyosins (2008)

Fish tropomyosin-coatings could potentially offer a nontoxic and relatively inexpensive measure of reducing bacterial colonization of inert surfaces.
Insulin stimulation of intracellular free Ca2+ recovery and Ca2+-ATPase gene expression in cultured vascular smooth-muscle cells: role of glucose 6-phosphate (1995)

Wa have previously reported that insulin accelerates recovery of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) from pressor agonist-induced Ca2+ loads and stimulates both plasmalemmal and sarcoplasmic-reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase gene expression in cultured and freshly isolated vascular smooth-muscle cells (VSMCs), suggesting that insulin attenuation of vascular tone may result from modulation of [Ca2+]i. Accordingly, we have now evaluated the linkage between this insulin-regulation of VSMC[Ca2+]i and classical actions of insulin (i.e. glucose transport and metabolism). Cultured VSMCs were incubated in the presence or absence of insulin in a medium containing either pyruvate, glucose, 3-O-methylglucose or 2-deoxyglycose. Insulin caused an 87% increase in [Ca2+]i recovery rate after stimulation with arginine-vasopressin (P < 0.01) and caused a marked increase in Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNA and protein levels in the presence of glucose. Comparable increases in both [Ca2+]i recovery and Ca2(+)-ATPase expression were found when glucose was replaced by 2-deoxyglucose. In contrast, no stimulation was found in either the glucose-free or 3-O-methylglucose-containing medium. As both glucose analogues are transported, but only 2-deoxyglucose is phosphorylated, this indicates that glucose transport and metabolism to glucose 6-phosphate is essential for insulin regulation of VSMC [Ca2+]i, possibly via a glucose-6-phosphate-dependent carbohydrate-response element in the Ca2(+)-ATPase gene.
Novel Ru−Mg−Al−O Catalyst Derived from Hydrotalcite-like Compound for NO Storage/Decomposition/Reduction (2007)

Ru−Mg−Al hydrotalcite-like anionic clay (Mg/Al/Ru = 90:29:1) was successfully prepared with a constant-pH coprecipitation method. Calcination of a hydrotalcite-like precursor at 600 °C in the air gave rise to the well-mixed oxide Ru−Mg−Al−O that possesses a good dispersion of Ru species. Ru−Mg−Al−O catalyst after suitable pretreatment exhibits quite high NOx storage capability in the temperature range of 250−400 °C, and the highest NOx storage capability of about 220 μmol g-1 is obtained at 350 °C with flowing 790 ppm NO and 8% O2 in N2 stream. Meanwhile, the decomposition of 25−60% NO to N2 as well as N2O is clearly observed on the catalyst at 300−400 °C. In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra indicate that NOx is adsorbed and stored on a catalyst mainly in the form of various coordinated nitrites/nitrates. On the basis of the NOx adsorption−desorption profiles as well as the in situ DRIFTS spectra, we have proposed a schematic outline for NOx storage and NO decomposition. Finally, the reduction of stored NOx species on the catalyst by H2 was carried out at 350 °C, indicating that all adsorbed NOx species can be readily reduced by hydrogen.
Secondary deposition of beta amyloid within extracellular neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer-type dementia. (1991)

The hippocampal areas of 34 autopsy specimen brains from aged demented and nondemented subjects were examined using double staining of Bodian and beta protein. In 18 cases (75.5 +/- 7.4 years old), none of the extracellular neurofibrillary tangles (E-NFTs) were immunoreactive with beta protein. In 16 cases (82.9 +/- 5.4 years old), the minority of E-NFTs were immunoreactive with beta-protein antiserum. These beta-immunoreactive E-NFTs frequently appeared in the areas having senile plaques, while they were not observed in the area lacking beta-immunoreactive senile plaques. The ultrastructure of beta-immunoreactive E-NFTs revealed that they consisted of extracellular amyloid fibrils, extracellularly located bundles of paired helical filaments, astroglial processes and degenerating neurites. These findings suggest that the beta immunoreactivity of E-NFTs comes from secondary deposition of amyloid fibrils.
Relationship between growth and standard metabolic rate: measurement artefacts and implications for habitat use and life‐history adaptation in salmonids (2014)

Mass-specific standard metabolic rate (SMR, or maintenance metabolism) varies greatly among individuals. Metabolism is particularly sensitive to variation in food consumption and growth creating the potential for significant bias in measured SMR for animals that are growing (e.g. juveniles) or of uncertain nutritional status. Consequently, interpreting individual variation in metabolism requires a sound understanding of the potentially confounding role of growth and the relative importance of fixed (genetic) vs. environmental drivers of SMR variation. We review the role of growth in measured SMR variation in juvenile salmonids, with the goals of (i) understanding the contribution of growth (and food consumption) to SMR variation through ontogeny, (ii) understanding the relative contributions of tissue maintenance and biosynthesis (overhead costs of growth) to apparent SMR variation, and (iii) using intrinsic growth effects on SMR to model how alternate life-history strategies may influence growth and measured SMR in juvenile salmonids. SMR measures on juveniles, even when post-absorptive, may be inflated by delayed growth-associated overhead costs, unless juveniles are on a maintenance ration (i.e. not growing). Empirical measurements of apparent SMR in food restricted vs. satiated 2-5 g juvenile salmon demonstrate that estimates may be inflated by as much as 67% due to delayed overhead costs of growth, even when SMR measurements are taken 35 h post-feeding. These results indicate that a substantial component of variation in apparent SMR among juvenile salmonids may be associated with (i) environmentally driven variation in ration (where elevated SMR measurements are an artefact of delayed growth overhead costs), (ii) intrinsic (genetic) or plastic organ-system trade-offs related to increasing investment in metabolically expensive digestive tissue responsible for processing food and (iii) intrinsic (genetic) variation in maximum body size and growth among individuals or life-history types. We suggest that selection for differences in adult body size among resident and anadromous forms leading to differences in juvenile growth trajectories may contribute to both SMR variation and habitat segregation in freshwater, where juveniles with higher growth are constrained to foraging in high velocity habitats to meet their greater consumption needs.
The Amyloid Precursor Protein Interacts with G<sub>o</sub>Heterotrimeric Protein within a Cell Compartment Specialized in Signal Transduction (1999)

The function of the beta-amyloid protein precursor (betaAPP), a transmembrane molecule involved in Alzheimer pathologies, is poorly understood. We recently reported the presence of a fraction of betaAPP in cholesterol and sphingoglycolipid-enriched microdomains (CSEM), a caveolae-like compartment specialized in signal transduction. To investigate whether betaAPP actually interferes with cell signaling, we reexamined the interaction between betaAPP and Go GTPase. In strong contrast with results obtained with reconstituted phospholipid vesicles (Okamoto et al., 1995), we find that incubating total neuronal membranes with 22C11, an antibody that recognizes an N-terminal betaAPP epitope, reduces high-affinity Go GTPase activity. This inhibition is specific of Galphao and is reproduced, in the absence of 22C11, by the addition of the betaAPP C-terminal domain but not by two distinct mutated betaAPP C-terminal domains that do not bind Galphao. This inhibition of Galphao GTPase activity by either 22C11 or wild-type betaAPP cytoplasmic domain suggests that intracellular interactions between betaAPP and Galphao could be regulated by extracellular signals. To verify whether this interaction is preserved in CSEM, we first used biochemical, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural techniques to unambiguously confirm the colocalization of Galphao and betaAPP in CSEM. We show that inhibition of basal Galphao GTPase activity also occurs within CSEM and correlates with the coimmunoprecipitation of Galphao and betaAPP. The regulation of Galphao GTPase activity by betaAPP in a compartment specialized in signaling may have important consequences for our understanding of the physiopathological functions of betaAPP.
EmoNet: Fine-Grained Emotion Detection with Gated Recurrent Neural Networks (2017)

Accurate detection of emotion from natural language has applications ranging from building emotional chatbots to better understanding individuals and their lives. However, progress on emotion detection has been hampered by the absence of large labeled datasets. In this work, we build a very large dataset for fine-grained emotions and develop deep learning models on it. We achieve a new state-of-the-art on 24 fine-grained types of emotions (with an average accuracy of 87.58%). We also extend the task beyond emotion types to model Robert Plutchik's 8 primary emotion dimensions, acquiring a superior accuracy of 95.68%.
Near Real-Time Estimation of Super-Resolved Depth and All-In-Focus Images from a Plenoptic Camera Using Graphics Processing Units (2009)

Depth range cameras are a promising solution for the 3DTV production chain. The generation of color images with their accompanying depth value simplifies the transmission bandwidth problem in 3DTV and yields a direct input for autostereoscopic displays. Recent developments in plenoptic video-cameras make it possible to introduce 3D cameras that operate similarly to traditional cameras. The use of plenoptic cameras for 3DTV has some benefits with respect to 3D capture systems based on dual stereo cameras since there is no need for geometric and color calibration or frame synchronization. This paper presents a method for simultaneously recovering depth and all-in-focus images from a plenoptic camera in near real time using graphics processing units (GPUs). Previous methods for 3D reconstruction using plenoptic images suffered from the drawback of low spatial resolution. A method that overcomes this deficiency is developed on parallel hardware to obtain near real-time 3D reconstruction with a final spatial resolution of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>800</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>600</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>pixels. This resolution is suitable as an input to some autostereoscopic displays currently on the market and shows that real-time 3DTV based on plenoptic video-cameras is technologically feasible.
Aging and baking effects on the radiation hardness of MOS capacitors (2001)

A decrease in the oxide-charge trapping efficiency of Al- and TaSi-Al-gate MOS capacitors with oxide thicknesses ranging from 33 to 100 nm was observed after more than 14 years of room-temperature storage. The decrease in trapping efficiency can be reduced or even eliminated in Al-gate (and to a lesser degree TaSi-Al) devices by baking them at temperatures up to /spl sim/200 /spl deg/C. This change in aged-device radiation response after baking is largely independent of baking time, at least for 1-18 h bakes. Poly-Si gate capacitors processed and stored under similar conditions show no significant change in radiation hardness due to aging or baking. Mechanisms responsible for this behavior and implications of the results for hardness assurance are discussed.
Image Coding Using Depth Blurring for Aesthetically Acceptable Distortion (2011)

We introduce the concept of depth-based blurring to achieve an aesthetically acceptable distortion when reducing the bitrate in image coding. The proposed depth-based blurring is a prefiltering that reduces high-frequency components by mimicking the limited depth of field effect that occurs in cameras. To cope with the challenge of avoiding intensity leakage at the boundaries of objects when blurring at different depth levels, we introduce a selective blurring algorithm that simulates occlusion effects as occur in natural blurring. The proposed algorithm can handle any number of blurring and occlusion levels. Subjective experiments show that the proposed algorithm outperforms foveation filtering, which is the dominant approach for bitrate reduction by space-variant prefiltering.