gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Druma-kinnara-ra ja-pariprccha-sutra: A critical edition of the Tibetan text (Recension A) based on eight editions of the Kanjur and the Dunhuang Manuscript Fragment. Paul Harrison. (1994)

Druma-kinnara-ra ja-pariprccha-sutra: A critical edition of the Tibetan text (Recension A) based on eight editions of the Kanjur and the Dunhuang Manuscript Fragment. Paul Harrison. (Studia Philologica Buddhica Monograph Series VII), The International Institute for Buddhist Studies, 5-3-23 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, 1992. lvii, 360 pp.
Synthesis of poly[bis(phosphazo)phosphazenes] bearing aryloxy and alkoxy side groups (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of poly[bis(phosphazo)phosphazenes] bearing aryloxy and alkoxy side groupsHarry R. Allcock and Dennis C. NgoCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 11, 2802–2810Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00037a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00037a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Staggered or adapted grids for seismic tomography? (2000)

Often a prisoner can see the sky from jail only through a grid. Thus, the grid may hide the moon or some landscape detail. In this case, he can solve the problem by moving his head just a bit. He will lose some other detail but will see the desired one. Because he remembers details seen before, his mind can reconstruct the image he would get out of the jail—without the grid. Actually, there is another way for reducing the grid annoyance; he could stretch the grid so that it does not hide any interesting view. However, this is more difficult (and less legal) and is usually adopted for other goals (e.g., escapes).
Beyond stack smashing: recent advances in exploiting buffer overruns (2004)

Security vulnerabilities related to buffer overruns account for the largest share of CERT advisories, as well as high-profile worms - from the original Internet Worm in 1987 through Blaster's appearance in 2003. When malicious crackers discover a vulnerability, they devise exploits that take advantage of the vulnerability to attack a system. The article describes three powerful general-purpose families of exploits for buffer overruns: arc injection, pointer subterfuge, and heap smashing. These new techniques go beyond the traditional "stack smashing" attack and invalidate traditional assumptions about buffer overruns.
New tryptamine derivatives isolated from wax of green coffee beans (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew tryptamine derivatives isolated from wax of green coffee beansPeter Folstar, Henk A. Schols, Henk C. Van der Plas, Walter Pilnik, Cornelis A. Landheer, and Albertus Van VeldhuizenCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1980, 28, 4, 872–874Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60230a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60230a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantum Mechanical Design of Enzyme Active Sites (2008)

The design of active sites has been carried out using quantum mechanical calculations to predict the rate-determining transition state of a desired reaction in presence of the optimal arrangement of catalytic functional groups (theozyme). Eleven versatile reaction targets were chosen, including hydrolysis, dehydration, isomerization, aldol, and Diels-Alder reactions. For each of the targets, the predicted mechanism and the rate-determining transition state (TS) of the uncatalyzed reaction in water is presented. For the rate-determining TS, a catalytic site was designed using naturalistic catalytic units followed by an estimation of the rate acceleration provided by a reoptimization of the catalytic site. Finally, the geometries of the sites were compared to the X-ray structures of related natural enzymes. Recent advances in computational algorithms and power, coupled with successes in computational protein design, have provided a powerful context for undertaking such an endeavor. We propose that theozymes are excellent candidates to serve as the active site models for design processes.
Fast modal method for subwavelength gratings based on B-spline formulation (2010)

We present a B-spline modal method for analyzing a stack of complex structured layers. Thanks to a B-spline approximation of the field, we solve the Maxwell equations. Diffraction calculation is based on the scattering matrices algorithm. We prove a good convergence of this method. Moreover, B-spline approximation results in very sparse matrices, which are used to hasten the computation of eigenmodes. A method for cleaning the inverted sparse matrix is also presented.
The field solutions for multipole electrostatic deflectors (1987)

A unified and simple solution method for the field distribution is described for two kinds of multipole electrostatic deflectors. First of all, having given the conditions how to obtain the uniform field distribution for the deflectors, six forms of the deflectors are calculated for the uniform field adjusting parameters, the uniform field degrees, etc. Secondly, using the uniform field conditions, the field distribution of the deflectors near the optical axis can be greatly simplified, with the result that the distribution can be simply determined by only the electric field E(z), F(z) on optical axis and their second order derivatives. Thirdly, the field parameters of the deflectors are computed by the finite difference method and other numerical methods for Fourier function coefficients, electric field on the optical axis, etc. Finally, an approximate formula for the electric field distribution on optical axis for the deflectors is put forward. The values of the formula are close to those of the numerical calculation in various geometric dimensions of the deflectors.
Contouring and Hidden-Line Algorithms for Vector Graphic Displays. (1977)

This report describes several computer graphics techniques developed by the authors to display the results of turbomachinery design and performance calculations. It begins with basic contour plotting, then shows the procedures for drawing three-dimensional figures with or without perspective and concludes with descriptions of two methods of removing hidden lines from three-dimensional scenes. Numerous examples and program listings are included. (Author)
Einleitung (1984)

Obwohl die kulturelle und ökonomische Bedeutung von Wissenschaft, die zu einem der größten institutionellen Komplexe moderner Gesellschaften geworden ist, außer Frage steht, konstatierte Barnes noch 1972, daß eine systematische Untersuchung der Beziehungen zwischen Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft nicht vorliegt.1) Daran hat sich bis heute im Grunde nichts geändert.
Los costes de la política de cambio climático (2009)

There are different perspectives nowadays towards the climate change debate. In one
hand, we can find some ones who affirm that the knowledge about global warming is still
quite low and there exist so many uncertainties that, the cost of a mitigating policy should
be the only fact that determine the decision making. In the other hand there are others
who assure that the cost of the emission reduction policies is not the goal we have to take
into account. These ones believe that global warming risks are so severe that emissions
should be cut whatever the cost. In this document we adopt an intermediate perspective.
We believe in the necessity of applying gradual mitigating policies and we know that the
performance of climate change policies and the evolution of certain economic and social
variables give way tome some economic cost. Particularly important is the cost of reducing
carbon emissions which could materialize in a lost of production and welfare. The effective
performance of economic climate change policies -that have the goal of reducing
greenhouse gases- and the control of the most influent variables in the expulsion of the
emissions cause a minimum cost and a very strict coordination between the different
policies so that the evolution from the initial state to the final required would be most
efficient. The model we present in this paper optimizes the trajectory these variables
should take from the initial point to the final required, minimizing the cost of this change.
The effect of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement on brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in cortical and hippocampal brain regions of female Sprague-Dawley rats. (1995)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder whose etiology is presently unknown. Probably the most consistent and widespread deficit seen in this syndrome is that of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. We have previously demonstrated that estradiol (E2) modulates the function of these neurons and plays a role in their maintenance by preventing the ovariectomy-induced decrease in choline acetyltransferase activity. It has been postulated that the lack of neurotrophic support may contribute at least in part to degeneration of cholinergic neurons in AD. As such, it is hypothesized that E2 may affect cholinergic function by modulating the levels of certain neurotrophic factors. We have shown that 3 months after ovariectomy (OVX) there was a significant reduction in NGF messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. In the present study, we extended the hypothesis that E2 may serve a neurotrophomodulatory role by assessing the effect of OVX and E2 replacement on brain-derived nerve factor (BDNF) mRNA levels using in situ hybridization. BDNF mRNA levels were quantified in three groups of animals: ovary-intact animals, 28-week ovariectomized (OVX) animals, and E2-replaced OVX animals. Twenty-eight weeks after OVX, there were significant reductions in two of the three cerebral cortical regions analyzed [frontal (35%) and temporal (39%) cortexes], but E2 replacement was without effect. Twenty-eight weeks after OVX, there were also reductions in BDNF mRNA in all subregions of the hippocampus except CA1 (CA2 by 38%, CA3 by 44%, CA4 by 39%, and dentate gyrus by 37%), whereas E2 replacement was effective in elevating BDNF mRNA levels in the CA3, CA4, and dentate gyrus subregions. Collectively, the data demonstrate that E2 deprivation leads to a reduction in BDNF mRNA. Further, at the time point studied, E2 replacement is more effective in maintaining BDNF mRNA in the hippocampus than in the cortex, suggesting a regional difference in the ovarian steroid requirement for expression of BDNF.
The Association between Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability, Endocrine and Behavioural Pain Measures in Horses Suffering from Laminitis* (2004)

The objective of this study was to compare the stress response of horses suffering from laminitis after short- and long-term treatment with the intent to evaluate power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) for pain monitoring. Data were collected from 19 horses with acute or chronic exacerbating laminitis without known primary disease before and after treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Recordings were carried out the day after admission to the equine hospital. Measurements were repeated on day 7 of the treatment. The recorded parameters included a clinical orthopaedic index (OLPI: Obel-grade plus hoof tester score), frequency of weight-shifting between contralateral limbs, mean beat-to-beat interval (R-R) duration, standard deviation of continuous R-R intervals, low- (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components of HRV, sympatho-vagal balance (LF/HF), and plasma concentration of cortisol, adrenalin and noradrenalin. The LF represents mainly sympathetic influences on the heart whereas HF is mediated by the parasympathetic tone. Weight-shifting and OLPI decreased significantly with treatment. The LF normalized units (n.u.) decreased after NSAID from 60.41 +/- 21.42 to 51.12 +/- 19.81 and was 49.33 +/- 22.64 on day 7, whereas HF n.u. increased from 35.07 +/- 20.02 to 43.14 +/- 18.30 and was 45.98 +/- 23.00 on day 7. Hormone levels showed no tendency to change with treatment. The OLPI was only correlated with LF/HF, LF and HF (R = 0.57, 0.55 and -0.54 respectively). Significant negative correlations existed between HFn.u. and weight-shifting frequency (R = -0.37), HFn.u. and adrenalin (R = -0.47), and HFn.u. and noradrenalin (R = 0.33). The LFn.u. only correlated positively with adrenalin. Cortisol levels were poorly associated with the other parameters. Determination of the sympatho-vagal influences on cardiac function may offer complementary information for reliable assessment of pain and may represent a valuable alternative method to catecholamine measurements.
Fouling of heat transfer surfaces (1987)

Abstract Fouling and/or scaling of heat transfer surfaces causes serious problems in industry. Prevention of fouling is therefore essential for technical (considerable deterioration of heat transfer) and also economic reasons (increased costs). In order to provide successful countermeasures, it is, however, necessary to obtain more detailed information on the physical, chemical and biological processes which produce fouling. Based on the already known fouling mechanisms, it is shown that a satisfactory prediction of fouling behaviour of heat exchangers is not yet possible. This contribution presents a physical model for the description of fouling, caused by sedimentation and crystallization. It is assumed that, during fouling, deposition and removal processes overlap. In order to verify the theoretical considerations, experiments were carried out on a test rig, which could also be used for field experiments. Aqueous CaSO 4 solutions served as experimental liquids. A comparison of experimental and calculated fouling factors shows a satisfactory agreement.
On-chip aging sensor to monitor NBTI effect in nano-scale SRAM (2012)

Today, the increasing need to store more and more information has resulted in the fact that Static Random Access Memories (SRAMs) occupy the greatest part of a System-on-Chip (SoC). Therefore, SRAM's robustness is considered crucial in order to guarantee the reliability of such SoCs over lifetime. In this context, one of the most important phenomena that degrades Nano-scale SRAMs reliability is related to Negative-Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI), which accelerates memory cells aging. This paper proposes a new approach to detect SRAM aging during system lifetime based on an On-Chip Aging Sensor (OCAS). The OCAS is able to detect any specific aging state of a cell in the SRAM array. The strategy is based on the connection of one OCAS every SRAM column, each periodically performing off-line tests by monitoring the write operations on the SRAM cells in order to detect aging. To prevent the OCAS from aging and from dissipating leakage power, the OCAS circuitry is powered-off during its idle periods. Experimental results demonstrate the sensor's high sensitivity to detect early aging states and therefore, guaranteeing high memory reliability. Finally, the area overhead related to the sensors' insertion is almost negligible.
Evaluation of a Weight-Adjusted Single-Bolus Plasminogen Activator in Patients With Myocardial Infarction (1998)

Lanoteplase, a single-bolus, weight-adjusted agent, increased coronary patency at 60 and 90 minutes in a dose-dependent fashion. Coronary patency at 90 minutes was achieved more frequently with 120 kU/kg lanoteplase than alteplase. In this study, safety with lanoteplase and alteplase was comparable. InTIME-II, a worldwide mortality trial, will evaluate efficacy and safety with this promising new agent.
EBG structure for low frequency applications (2012)

Abstract—In this paper a multilayer electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure is proposed as a size-reduced solution for application in Magnetic Resonance systems operating at around 300MHz. The reflection phase coefficient at normal and oblique incidence is studied, and the dispersion diagram is used to determine the TE and TM surface wave suppression band gap. The proposed EBG structure is designed to exhibit very small deviation in the resonant frequency versus angle of incidence and to exhibit a stop band gap related to the quadrature reflection phase criterion. Index Terms—Electromagnetic band gap structures, in-phase reflection band, surface wave suppression band gap. I.
The Psychotropic Effect of Ketamine (1988)

(1988). The Psychotropic Effect of Ketamine. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 419-425.
Acute effects of iron therapy on zinc status during pregnancy. (1987)

The acute effects of iron therapy on zinc status during pregnancy were investigated. The 20 subjects studied were healthy and had unremarkable obstetric histories. The mean stage of gestation was 27 weeks (range 21-33 weeks). Initial hematologic indices (mean +/- SEM) were: hematocrit 36.5 +/- 0.4%, serum ferritin 32.6 +/- 6.1 ng/mL, and serum iron 117 +/- 13 micrograms/dL. Iron therapy, prescribed by the obstetric caregivers, provided a total average daily elemental iron intake of 261 mg (range 164-395 mg) from therapy and routine supplements. Laboratory studies of zinc status were obtained immediately before iron therapy and at one and four weeks thereafter. Initial plasma zinc was 62.9 +/- 2.1 micrograms/dL. A mean decline in plasma zinc of 4.0 +/- 1.8 micrograms/dL (P less than .05) was observed from baseline to one week. The decline remained statistically significant after adjustment for the expected physiologic decline over the same interval of gestation. No further decline occurred from one to four weeks. No significant treatment-related effects were observed for neutrophil zinc, mononuclear leukocyte zinc, or serum alkaline phosphatase activity. These results indicate that iron therapy in doses typically prescribed by obstetric caregivers in this country has an acute, measurable effect on maternal zinc status.
SYNCHRONIZATION OF CLOCKS (1989)

Time metrology has moved from milliseconds to picoseconds in the last four decades, and frequency metrology from nine significant digits to sixteen. The ability to synchronize remote clocks has improved dramatically as well. With implementation of GPS (Global Positioning System,) the full long-term frequency stability as well as the frequency accuracy of the best atomic clocks can now be transferred to remote sites. GPS's selective availability, an intentional degradation of system performance, will adversely affect the accuracy and stability of GPS time and frequency for the average civilian user. In this paper we define terms of reference, discuss various alternatives for clock synchronization and syntonization, and make some comparisons between various techniques used in synchronizing and syntonizing clocks. In the process we review the concepts of time stability and accuracy, frequency stability and accuracy.
Comparison of respiratory syncytial virus humoral immunity and response to infection in young and elderly adults (1999)

Little information about immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and disease pathogenesis in elderly persons exists. Humoral immunity to RSV was assessed in 41 young, 56 healthy elderly, and 49 frail elderly adults by measuring baseline RSV specific IgG by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and microneutralization assay (MNA) in serum. A comparison of the immune response of 11 young and 28 elderly persons with natural RSV infection was also performed. Despite significant differences in age and functional status, no decreases in RSV antibody levels by either EIA or MNA were noted in the elderly compared with the young. Mean baseline MNA titers expressed as log2 were 10.5 +/- 1.1 for the young, 10.5 +/- 1.5 for the healthy elderly, and 10.9 +/- 1.6 for the frail elderly. The frail elderly who attend a daycare had the highest RSV titers to F by EIA at 16.6 +/- 2.0, compared with 15.4 +/- 1.4 and 15.1 +/- 1.4 in the healthy elderly and young, respectively. This finding may reflect recent infection due to their communal setting or increased production of non-neutralizing antibody. The immune response of older persons to RSV infection was as vigorous as the younger subjects, with 79% having a >/=fourfold rise in MNA titers compared to 64% in the young. These data suggest that the severe clinical manifestations of RSV in the elderly are not due to a significant defect in humoral immunity.
Cadmium is more toxic to LLC-PK<sub>1</sub>cells than to MDCK cells acting on the cadherin-catenin complex (1998)

Cadmium toxicity to renal cells was investigated in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and LLC-PK1 cells as models of the distal tubule/collecting duct and proximal tubule, respectively. Cells were grown on two-compartment filters and exposed to 0.1-50 microM Cd2+. In MDCK cells, Cd2+ was more toxic from the basolateral than from the apical side and dependent on the extracellular Ca2+ concentration. Toxicity was evident within 24 h, as shown by a decrease in transepithelial resistance (TER), reduced proliferation (bromodeoxyuridine incorporation), reduction in ATP concentration, and morphological changes. On confocal microscopy, E-cadherin and alpha-catenin staining patterns indicated interference with the cadherin-catenin complex. LLC-PK1 cells showed a similar toxicity pattern, which was evident at lower Cd2+ concentrations. An increase of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin molecules in the Triton X-100-insoluble fraction was detectable at high Cd2+ concentrations in LLC-PK1 cells but not in MDCK cells. Lactate dehydrogenase release indicated membrane leakage in LLC-PK1 cells. Rhodamine-phalloidin staining, a probe for F-actin filaments, demonstrated alterations of the actin cytoskeleton in both cell lines. In conclusion, cadmium caused ATP depletion and interfered with the cadherin-catenin complex and probably the tight junctions changing renal cell morphology and function.