gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Torus Quorum System and Difference Set-based Rendezvous in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (2012)

In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRANs) a frequently changing environment and Primary Users channel occupancy result in a need of the searching for a common control channel by Secondary Users in order to be able to initiate a communication. A rendezvous (RDV) is therefore a new challenge, not enc
The Neuropeptide Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone: A Key Component Neuroimmunomodulation (1994)

Recent research indicates that the proopiomelanocortin derivative alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is a significant modulator of host reactions including fever and inflammation. Although the precise mechanism of action is still unknown, cytokine antagonism is believed to be responsible for at least a part of its anti-inflammatory/antipyretic influence: alpha-MSH antagonizes pyrogenic and proinflammatory effects of cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon gamma (IFN gamma). Although it is clear that the peptide can act within the brain to inhibit fever and peripheral inflammation, an anti-inflammatory effect on a peripheral target was evidenced in animals with transection of the spinal cord. Recent data show that alpha-MSH is significant also in human disorders such as AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis, and myocardial infarction. This molecule is believed to be a key factor in neuroimmunomodulation and it may be useful as a therapeutic agent in control of inflammatory reactions.
CXLII.—The sulphonation of toluene with chlorosulphonic acid (1921)

25273), the toluenesulphonyl chlorides have been prepared directly by the use of chlorosulphonic acid. Although the preparation is of technical importance, very little information is to be found on the relative proportions of the orthoand para-isomerides obtained under varying conditions of temperature, etc. Holleman (Ber., 1911, 44, 2504) gives such details for varying conditions, using sulphwic acid, and records one result obtained with chlorosulphonic acid.
Reactions of a Stable Monomeric Gold(I) Hydride Complex (2008)

Golden opportunity: A terminal mononuclear gold(I) hydride complex has been stabilized by an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand (see picture: Au orange, N blue, C gray). The complex is stable to a wider range of conditions than other transition metal hydride compounds and reacts to form a number of different gold(I) species. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Rapid Detection of Emerging Pathogens and Loss of Microbial Diversity Associated with Severe Lung Disease in Cystic Fibrosis (2015)

Respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) is polymicrobial, but standard sputum microbiology does not account for the lung microbiome or detect changes in microbial diversity associated with disease. As a clinically applicable CF microbiome surveillance scheme, total sputum nucleic acids isolated by a standard high-throughput robotic method for accredited viral diagnosis were profiled for bacterial diversity using ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) PCR. Conventional culture and RISA were performed on 200 paired sputum samples from 93 CF adults; pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was applied to 59 patients to systematically determine bacterial diversity. Compared to the microbiology data, RISA profiles clustered into two groups: the emerging nonfermenting Gram-negative organisms (eNFGN) and Pseudomonas groups. Patients who were culture positive for Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Ralstonia clustered within the eNFGN group. Pseudomonas group RISA profiles were associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture-positive patients. Sequence analysis confirmed the abundance of eNFGN genera and Pseudomonas within these respective groups. Low bacterial diversity was associated with severe lung disease (P < 0.001) and the presence of Burkholderia (P < 0.001). An absence of Streptococcus (P < 0.05) occurred in individuals with lung function in the lowest quartile. In summary, nucleic acids isolated from CF sputum can serve as a single template for both molecular virology and bacteriology, with a RISA PCR rapidly detecting the presence of dominant eNFGN pathogens or P. aeruginosa missed by culture (11% of cases). We provide guidance for how this straightforward CF microbiota profiling scheme may be adopted by clinical laboratories.
Fluorination of (E)-.beta.-(Fluoromethylene)-m-Tyrosine: Regioselective Synthesis of 4-Fluoro-(E)-.beta.-(Fluoromethylene)-m-Tyrosine (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorination of (E)-.beta.-(Fluoromethylene)-m-Tyrosine: Regioselective Synthesis of 4-Fluoro-(E)-.beta.-(Fluoromethylene)-m-TyrosineGoran Lacan, N. Satyamurthy, and Jorge R. BarrioCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1, 227–234Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00106a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00106a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression of TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 in gastric cancer (2002)

Expression of some members of the trefoil factor (TFF) and the WNT gene families is regulated together by estrogen. We have cloned and characterized human WNT signaling molecules using bioinformatics, cDNA-library screening and cDNA-PCR to investigate expression profile of WNT signaling molecules in human gastric cancer. Here, we investigated expression profile of TFF1/pS2, TFF2/SP and TFF3/ITF in human gastric cancer. Among 7 gastric cancer cell lines, TFF1 was expressed in OKAJIMA, TMK1, MKN45, and KATO-III, TFF2 in KATO-III, and TFF3 in MKN45 and KATO-III. TFFs were preferentially expressed in diffuse-type gastric cancer cell lines. Expression of TFFs in primary gastric cancer was next investigated. TFF1 was down-regulated in 7 cases out of 12 cases (58.3%) of primary gastric cancer. TFF2 was down-regulated in 10 out of 12 cases (83.3%) of primary gastric cancer. TFF3 was down-regulated in 2 out of 12 cases (16.7%) of primary gastric cancer, and was up-regulated in 5 out of 12 cases (41.7%). TFF1 and TFF2 were frequently down-regulated in primary gastric cancer, while TFF3 was up-regulated in some cases of primary gastric cancer. This is the first report on comprehensive expression analyses on TFFs in gastric cancer.
Differential Regulation of Dopamine D1A Receptor Responsiveness by Various G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinases (1996)

The role of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) in the regulation of dopamine D1A receptor responsiveness is poorly understood. To explore the potential role played by the GRKs in the regulation of the rat dopamine D1A receptor, we performed whole cell phosphorylation experiments and cAMP assays in 293 cells cotransfected with the receptor alone or with various GRKs (GRK2, GRK3, and GRK5). The agonist-dependent phosphorylation of the rat D1A receptor was substantially increased in cells overexpressing GRK2, GRK3, or GRK5. Moreover, we report that cAMP formation upon receptor activation was differentially regulated in cells overexpressing either GRK2, GRK3, and GRK5 under conditions that elicited similar levels of GRK-mediated receptor phosphorylation. Cells expressing the rat D1A receptor with GRK2 and GRK3 displayed a rightward shift of the dopamine dose-response curve with little effect on the maximal activation when compared with cells expressing the receptor alone. In contrast, cells expressing GRK5 displayed a rightward shift in the EC50 value with an additional 40% reduction in the maximal activation when compared with cells expressing the receptor alone. Thus, we show that the dopamine D1A receptor can serve as a substrate for various GRKs and that GRK-phosphorylated D1A receptors display a differential reduction of functional coupling to adenylyl cyclase. These results suggest that the cellular complement of G protein-coupled receptor kinases may determine the properties and extent of agonist-mediated responsiveness and desensitization.
Finding the edge on steel with stereoscopic vision (1981)

A British company has developed a two‐camera system which can be used on‐line to find the precise width of steel strip. The system can be calibrated away from the hostile environment associated with steel works in which the unit will operate without special protection, apart from watercooling.
Water, Silt and Dams: Prehispanic Geological Storage in the Cordillera Negra, North-Central Andes, Peru (2017)

En las últimas décadas, hubo un importante incremento en la construcción de microrepresas a lo largo de la Cordillera Negra, Andes Norcentrales del Perú. Debido a las dificultades en mantener un flujo regular de agua, especialmente durante la estación seca, esto constituye una respuesta lógica a una necesidad urgente. Sin embargo, la falta de agua no es un fenómeno moderno, es un problema de larga data que se abordó de forma similar en el pasado. Por lo tanto, el conocimiento del paisaje y las habilidades indígenas llevaron a la selección de sitios para hacer represas. Los ingenieros modernos han seguido su ejemplo, de modo que las microrepresas usualmente ocupan los mismos espacios que las que fueron realizadas en contextos prehispánicos. Además de la obvia destrucción del patrimonio cultural – generalmente sin un estudio arqueológico apropiado – existe otro problema con esta política: no todas las antiguas represas reconstruidas en la actualidad fueron originalmente hechas para retener solamente agua. A partir de un profundo conocimiento del ambiente andino, las poblaciones humanas adaptaron y alteraron la tierra que los rodeaba. Con este objetivo, además de las represas para contener el agua, se construyeron otras estructuras como las represas para retener limo. Si bien son exteriormente similares a las represas hidráulicas, las estructuras para contener limo tuvieron un propósito muy distinto. Estas represas permitieron controlar y acumular flujos de limo y otros sedimentos, lo cual fomentó un microclima de tipo bofedal, al mismo tiempo que retenían y purificaban el agua contenida en el limo. Actualmente, estas estructuras únicas se encuentran amenazadas por ingenieros con escasa comprensión del verdadero propósito de estos monumentos hidráulicos. Este artículo describe estas represas para controlar y acumular limo, usando un caso de estudio del valle alto de Nepeña, principalmente su forma y función.
Superresolving scanning optical microscopy using holographic optical processing (1993)

Two novel superrresolving scanning microscopes, one of which uses coherent imaging and the other incoherent imaging, are described. The optical arrangement used in the coherent microscope is similar to that in a scanning confocal microscope with the detector pinhole replaced by a special holographic mask, a Fourier lens, and a pinhole. The incoherent design uses two intensity-transmittance masks, two integrating detectors, and an electronic subtractor. The design of the microscopes is based on the results of singular-system theory, and the mask forms are calculated by means of this analysis. These arrangements obviate the need for an array of detectors to implement singular-system processing, and in the coherent case direct phase measurement is no longer required. Experimental results are presented that demonstrate a significant resolution improvement for a one-dimensional low-numerical-aperture coherent microscope.
Synthesis of 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11‐octahydro‐[1,4] diazepino[6,5,4‐<i>jk</i> ]earbazole and related compounds (1976)

Abstract 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11‐Octahydro[1,4]diazepino[6,5,4‐ jk ]earbazole (VIa) was synthesized from 2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1 H ‐benzodiazepine (la) via the route shown in Scheme 1. Other compounds which were prepared similarly are 3‐acetyl‐6‐chloro‐1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11‐octahydro[1,4]diazepino‐[6,5,4‐ jk ]carbazole(Vb) and 3‐methyl‐1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11‐octahydro[1,4]diazepino[6,5,4‐ jk ]carb‐azole (VIII). Chemical transformations which were carried out with VI and 3‐acetyl‐1,2,3,4,8,9, 10,11‐octahydro[1,4]diazepino[6,5,4‐ jk ]carbazole (Va) are also described.
Robot Motion Realisation Using LabVIEW (2000)

Any kind of robot motion can be defined by the path and the
velocity along it. Usually the velocity is given in the form: $\dot\lambda
 =f(\lambda )$ where the parameter $\lambda $ is the length of the path,
$\dot\lambda $ is the velocity along the path. The determination of
the velocities along the path is named trajectory planning.
Various kinds of motion (time optimal,
motion with constant kinetic energy, process optimal, etc.) are given by
different approaches.
Therefore, there is a reason to implement robot control device which can
realise the motion along a given path with arbitrary velocity profile.
Generally speaking, it is rather difficult to solve this task using the
existing control units of industrial robots.
The LabVIEW Virtual Instrument technology gives an opportunity to build
different sophisticated control systems. Such an approach makes the system
rather flexible than the existing ones and allows to get information, using
the LabVIEW interface, about the inner processes in convenient form. All
these advantages are very important for experimental investigations of
different control methods.
Using this control device time optimal robot motion was realised. It is
also possible to realise robot motion along the given path with arbitrary
velocity profile.
The results obtained by the LabVIEW based control system can be applied to
the investigations of the robot motion and to evaluate the goodness of
different control principles.
Rational Design of Polyion Complex Nanoparticles to Overcome Cisplatin Resistance in Cancer Therapy (2013)

Rationally designed PIC nanoparticles as next-generation delivery system: we have developed a core-shell-corona PIC nanoparticle (⊕) NP/Pt@PPC-DA as a next-generation delivery system. (⊕) NP/Pt@PPC-DA exhibits prolonged circulation and enhanced drug accumulation in tumors. Subsequently, tumor pH leads to the release of (⊕) NP/Pt, which facilitates cellular uptake followed by rapid intracellular cisplatin release. Using this delivery strategy cisplatin-resistant tumor growth in a murine xenograft model has been successfully suppressed.
Technique optimization of orbital atherectomy in calcified peripheral lesions of the lower extremities (2013)

The OA technique optimization, which resulted in a change of device usage across the CONFIRM registry series, corresponded to a lower incidence of adverse events irrespective of calcium burden or co-morbidities.
Strain-tunable photonic band gap crystals (2001)

We have designed a two-dimensional strain-tunable photonic band gap crystal by distorting the symmetry of the crystal from a regular hexagonal to a quasihexagonal lattice by means of field driven strain using a piezoelectric material. Calculations predict that the original high symmetry energy bands split up into several strained energy bands depending on the magnitude and direction of the strain. In the proposed structures, we show that 2% (3%) shear strain can be used to tune ∼52% (73%) of the original undistorted absolute band gap of a two-dimensional photonic band gap crystal. These device structures can be used for optical switching and modulation.
A Simple Low Cost Monolithic Transformer for High-Voltage Gate Driver Applications (2014)

A simple low cost monolithic 3D through-silicon-via coreless transformer is designed and fabricated for high-voltage gate driver applications. The transformer comprises the primary coil embedded in the bottom layer of a Si substrate and the secondary coil built on the front-side of the substrate. Compared with conventional transformers with both coils built on the front-side or at the backside, the proposed structure has the advantages of area-saving and cost-effectiveness. A coreless transformer with primary, secondary, and mutual inductances of 260, 280, and 112 nH, respectively, is fabricated in a small area of 2 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm mm}^{2}$</tex></formula> . It achieves both high galvanic isolation <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$({>}{\rm 4}~{\rm kV})$</tex></formula> and satisfactory voltage gain (0.41 from 4 to 45 MHz).
Control of A Robot Hand Based on Reinforcement Learning with Teach Information Availability (2003)

人間の手とロボットハンドの間には, 構造的にさまざまな違いがある。我々は, これらの違いを考慮に入れ教示を行う枠組として装着教示可能なロボットハンドを提案した。本研究では, 情報処理に強化学習を用いることで, 教示情報の取捨選択や不足部分の自律的な学習ができることを確認する。
Structured linux kernel projects for teaching operating systems concepts (2011)

Linux has emerged as a widely-used platform for enabling hands-on kernel programming experience to learn about operating system concepts. However, developing pedagogically-effective programming projects in the context of a complex, production operating system can be a challenge. We present a structured series of five Linux kernel programming projects suitable for a one semester introductory operating systems course to address this issue. Each assignment introduces students to a core topic and major component of an operating system while implicitly teaching them about various aspects of a real-world operating system. Projects are of modest coding complexity, but require students to understand and leverage core components of the Linux operating system. The learning benefits for students from this approach include learning from real-world operating system code examples by expert kernel designers and gaining software engineering experience managing production code complexity. We have successfully used these structured Linux kernel projects to teach over a thousand students in the introductory operating systems course at Columbia University.
A novel subfamily of mouse cytosolic carboxypeptidases (2007)

Nna1 is a recently described gene product that has sequence similarity with metallocarboxypeptidases. In the present study, five additional Nna1-like genes were identified in the mouse genome and named cytosolic carboxypeptidase (CCP) 2 through 6. Modeling suggests that the carboxypeptidase domain folds into a structure that resembles metallocarboxypeptidases of the M14 family, with all necessary residues for catalytic activity and broad substrate specificity. All CCPs are abundant in testis and also expressed in brain, pituitary, eye, and other mouse tissues. In brain, Nna1/CCP1, CCP5, and CCP6 are broadly distributed, whereas CCP2 and 3 exhibit restricted patterns of expression. Nna1/CCP1, CCP2, CCP5, and CCP6 were found to exhibit a cytosolic distribution, with a slight accumulation of CCP5 in the nucleus. Based on the above results, we hypothesized that Nna1/CCP1 and CCP2-6 function in the processing of cytosolic proteins such as alpha-tubulin, which is known to be modified by the removal of a C-terminal tyrosine. Analysis of the forms of alpha tubulin in the olfactory bulb of mice lacking Nna1/CCP1 showed the absence of the detyrosinylated form in the mitral cells. Taken together, these results are consistent with a role for Nna1/CCP1 and the related CCPs in the processing of tubulin.
ARES-architecture reinforcing superscalar (2002)

In the ARES, there are four major features. First of all, the ARES utilizes both static and dynamic scheduling methods. The instruction identifier bits (IDBs) are attached to each instruction, except jump and branch, to indicate which basic block (BB) the instruction originally belongs to. Thus, the compiler can move instructions across the boundaries of BBs to get more instruction level parallelism. Secondly, the separate architectures memory address calculation from memory access for store instruction. This divides the original two memory cycles of Store instruction for write-back cache into two separate cycles. Thirdly, the system divides the instruction of compare-and-branch into two steps: compare and test-then-branch. With this scheme and branch registers, one can combine the current BB with the following BBs (taken/untaken or both) into one BB to increase the schedulable instructions. Finally, the system follows the same way as the IFU of the MARS system to peep and absorb jump, so there is no delayed slot for jump in the ARES. The architecture can have a 1.62 speedup, compared with the MIPS-X, with a simple extra hardware support.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Achieving eye contact in a one-to-many 3D video teleconferencing system (2009)

We present a set of algorithms and an associated display system capable of producing correctly rendered eye contact between a three-dimensionally transmitted remote participant and a group of observers in a 3D teleconferencing system. The participant's face is scanned in 3D at 30Hz and transmitted in real time to an autostereoscopic horizontal-parallax 3D display, displaying him or her over more than a 180° field of view observable to multiple observers. To render the geometry with correct perspective, we create a fast vertex shader based on a 6D lookup table for projecting 3D scene vertices to a range of subject angles, heights, and distances. We generalize the projection mathematics to arbitrarily shaped display surfaces, which allows us to employ a curved concave display surface to focus the high speed imagery to individual observers. To achieve two-way eye contact, we capture 2D video from a cross-polarized camera reflected to the position of the virtual participant's eyes, and display this 2D video feed on a large screen in front of the real participant, replicating the viewpoint of their virtual self. To achieve correct vertical perspective, we further leverage this image to track the position of each audience member's eyes, allowing the 3D display to render correct vertical perspective for each of the viewers around the device. The result is a one-to-many 3D teleconferencing system able to reproduce the effects of gaze, attention, and eye contact generally missing in traditional teleconferencing systems.
[Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ agonist tesaglitazar stabilizes atherosclerotic plaque in diabetic low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice]. (2013)

Tesaglitazar has anti-inflammatory effects in the diabetic LDLr-/- mice. Tesaglitazar could reduce lipid deposition, increase collagen and α-SMA content in the brachiocephalic atherosclerotic lesions, thus, stabilize atherosclerotic plaque in this model.