gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Biological Actions of Dehydroepiandrosterone Involves Multiple Receptors (2006)

Dehydroepiandrosterone has been thought to have physiological functions other than as an androgen precursor. The previous studies performed have demonstrated a number of biological effects in rodents, such as amelioration of disease in diabetic, chemical carcinogenesis, and obesity models. To date, activation of the peroxisome proliferators activated receptor alpha, pregnane X receptor, and estrogen receptor by DHEA and its metabolites have been demonstrated. Several membrane-associated receptors have also been elucidated leading to additional mechanisms by which DHEA may exert its biological effects. This review will provide an overview of the receptor multiplicity involved in the biological activity of this sterol.
Changes in mood, depression and suicidal ideation after commencing pregabalin for neuropathic pain. (2014)

Although these patients had a history of depression, their mood had been stable before commencing pregabalin. Soon after commencement they reported changes in mood, and development of depression and/or suicidal ideation, which improved with dose reduction or cessation of pregabalin. Ultimately, all five patients ceased pregabalin treatment. Suicidal ideation is a recognised adverse effect of pregabalin. Patients should be warned of and monitored for deterioration in mood.
Potential Microencapsulation of Pyrite by Artificial Inducement of Ferric Phosphate Coatings (1995)

Abstract Pyrite in mining waste is initially oxidized by the atmospheric O 2 , releasing acidity and Fe 2+ . At a pH below 3.5, Fe 2+ is rapidly reoxidixed by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans to Fe 3+ , which oxidizes pyrite at a much faster rate than O 2 . Commonly, the approach used in preventing pyrite oxidation in the field involves the use of limestone. This approach, however, has a short span of effectiveness because the surfaces of pyrite particles in mining waste are still exposed to the atmospheric O 2 after treatment. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility in controlling pyrite oxidation by creating an FePO 4 coating on pyrite surfaces to block access of the atmospheric O 2 to pyritic surfaces. The coating methodology involved leaching pyrite using a chromatographic column with a 1 cm i.d. and a flow rate of 0.5 mL min −1 at 40°C with a PO 4 solution containing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ); when this solution reached pyrite surfaces, H 2 O 2 oxidized the surface portion of pyrite and released Fe 3+ so that Fe phosphate precipitated and formed a passive coating on pyritic surfaces. This laboratory‐scale study demonstrated that Fe phosphate coatings on pyritic surfaces could be established with a solution containing as low as 10 −4 tool L −1 phosphate and 0.03 mol L −1 H 2 O 2 and that the FePO 4 phosphate coating could effectively protect pyrite from oxidizing further.
[Effect of fuzheng huayu recipe in treating posthepatitic cirrhosis]. (1996)

This article deals with the effect of Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHYR), composed of Semen Persicae, Cordyceps, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Pollen pini, etc. in treating posthepatitic cirrhosis. 40 patients treated with FZHYR were observed, and another 40 patients in simila condition treated with symptomatic therapy were taken as control. Results showed that the FZHYR could (1) Increase the serum level of albumin and decrease the gamma-globulin; (2) Elevate the lowered plasma branched-chain amino acid/aromatic amino acid ratio; (3) Reduce the raised level of laminin and hyaluronic acid in serum; (4) Escalate the level of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, NK cells activity and complement C3, lowered the raised level of IgG and IgM in serum. In addition, it could also adjust the anormal change of hormonal secretion. These results suggested that FZHYR has beneficial effect in treating posthepatitic cirrhosis, it acts multifariously and plays important role either in controlling the development of disease or in preventing the complications.
TeleMed: A Working Distributed Virtual Patient Record System. (1996)

TeleMed' is a distributed diagnosis and analysis system, which permits physicians who are not collocated to consult on the status of a patient. The patient's record is dynamically constructed from data that may reside at several sites but which can be quickly assembled for viewing by pointing to the patient's name. Then, a graphical patient record appears, through which consulting physicians can retrieve textual and radiographic data with a single mouse click.
Resolution extensions in the Sigma 7000 imaging pattern generator (2002)

The first pattern generator, Sigma 7100, using the novel optical SLM (Spatial Light Modulator) technology is now shipping. This paper analyses the writing strategy, how the quality differs from that of a stepper/scanner, and some improvements in development for the next product, here called the SIGMA 7X. The improvements include higher NA, smaller grid size, optimized illumination for reduced proximity effects, and weak phase shifting. The use of embedded addition of corner enhancements is discussed. Finally there is a brief discussion of chrome as the absorber film in binary masks.
Clipping Noise Compensation for OFDMA Systems (2009)

This paper presents an efficient low-complexity clipping noise compensation scheme for PAR reduced orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. Conventional clipping noise compensation schemes proposed for OFDM systems are decision directed schemes which use demodulated data symbols. Thus these schemes fail to deliver expected performance in OFDMA systems where multiple users share a single OFDM symbol and a specific user may only know his/her own modulation scheme. The proposed clipping noise estimation and compensation scheme does not require the knowledge of the demodulated symbols of the other users, making it very promising for OFDMA systems. It uses the equalized output and the reserved tones to reconstruct the signal by compensating the clipping noise. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the system performance.
Morphology of the Haversian canal. An electron microscopic study. (1994)

Electron microscopic study of the Haversian canal and its content was performed. Four types of wall lining cells were identified: undifferentiated lining cells, resting mature osteoblasts, active osteoblasts, osteoblast-osteocytes which represented different stages in the differentiation process of the fibrilogenetic cell population. The narrow space between the lining cells and the mineralized bone tissue contained randomly oriented collagen fibrils arranged in layers. Such arrangement of the fibrils determined the lamellar model of the osteons prior to their mineralization. The perivascular space contained both poorly differentiated and mature fibrilogenetic cells with numerous cytoplasmic processes as well as collagen fibrils with different orientation. The cells and the fibrils formed networks which were the sites of the metabolic exchange between the blood vessels and the bone tissue. This process was realised in the medium of the interstitial fluid which filled the perivascular space. All these make the perivascular space an important link of the osteon microcirculation.
The Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Domain (BET) Family: Functional Anatomy of BET Paralogous Proteins (2016)

The BET family of proteins is characterized by the presence of two tandem bromodomains and an extra-terminal domain. The mammalian BET family of proteins comprises Brd2, Brd3, Brd4, and Brdt, which are encoded by paralogous genes that may have been generated by repeated duplication of an ancestral gene during evolution. Bromodomains that can specifically bind acetylated lysine residues in histones serve as chromatin-targeting modules that decipher the histone acetylation code. BET proteins play a crucial role in regulating gene transcription through epigenetic interactions between bromodomains and acetylated histones during cellular proliferation and differentiation processes. On the other hand, BET proteins have been reported to mediate latent viral infection in host cells and be involved in oncogenesis. Human BRD4 is involved in multiple processes of the DNA virus life cycle, including viral replication, genome maintenance, and gene transcription through interaction with viral proteins. Aberrant BRD4 expression contributes to carcinogenesis by mediating hyperacetylation of the chromatin containing the cell proliferation-promoting genes. BET bromodomain blockade using small-molecule inhibitors gives rise to selective repression of the transcriptional network driven by c-Myc. These inhibitors are expected to be potential therapeutic drugs for a wide range of cancers. This review presents an overview of the basic roles of BET proteins and highlights the pathological functions of BET and the recent developments in cancer therapy targeting BET proteins in animal models.
Hamiltonian simulation using linear combinations of unitary operations (2012)

We present a new approach to simulating Hamiltonian dynamics based on implementing linear combinations of unitary operations rather than products of unitary operations. The resulting algorithm has superior performance to existing simulation algorithms based on product formulas and, most notably, scales better with the simulation error than any known Hamiltonian simulation technique. Our main tool is a general method to nearly deterministically implement linear combinations of nearby unitary operations, which we show is optimal among a large class of methods.
Simultaneous measurement of progesterone receptors and DNA indices by flow cytometry: characterization of an assay in breast cancer cell lines. (1989)

Progesterone receptors (PR) are the strongest predictors of response to hormone therapy in metastatic breast cancer, while PR and the DNA indices of cell ploidy and percentage of S phase are useful prognostic indicators in early stage breast cancer. We have developed a flow cytometry method to measure PR and DNA indices simultaneously using two aneuploid breast cancer cell lines--PR-positive T47D cells and PR-negative MDA-231 cells. Cells were pretreated with the progestin 17,21-dimethyl-19-nor-4,9-pregnadiene-3,20-dione, harvested, counted, fixed with paraformaldehyde, and permeabilized with Triton X-100. To measure total PR, cells were first exposed to a mixture of the mouse anti-PR monoclonal antibody AB-52, which binds both Protein A and Protein B of human PR, and to monoclonal antibody B-30 or B-64, which bind only Protein B. Then the cells were treated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated goat anti-mouse second antibody to produce a green fluorescence signal corresponding to PR. To measure nonspecific binding, cells were treated with mouse IgG1 as the first antibody in a parallel incubation. Specific immunoassayable PR is the difference between total and nonspecific binding. Following the antibodies, the cells were treated with RNase A and propidium iodide to give a red fluorescence signal corresponding to DNA content. Red and green fluorescence per cell was then quantified by flow cytometry. This method gives a strong specific signal for PR in several T47D cell sublines but no specific binding in MDA-231 cells. Progestin treatment led to apparent increases in PR. The proportion of cells in the G0-G1, S, and G2-M phases of the cell cycle was determined from DNA histograms and showed that both cell lines were hyperdiploid. The simultaneous flow cytometry method allowed assignment of relative PR levels in subsets of cells segregated by their DNA content. In T47D cells, PR were present throughout the cell cycle, and levels doubled in G2 and mitosis.
The Standard Clotting Time (1963)

Journal Article The Standard Clotting Time: A Method Based on the Use of Whole Venous Blood in Capillary Tubes Get access George F. Meissner, M.D., George F. Meissner, M.D. 1Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Constance M. Moehring, B.S. Constance M. Moehring, B.S. 1Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 39, Issue 3_ts, March 1963, Pages 321–323, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/39.3_ts.321 Published: 01 March 1963 Article history Received: 02 July 1962 Revision received: 14 September 1962 Accepted: 14 November 1962 Published: 01 March 1963
Influence of Metal/Metal Ion Concentration on the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO<sub>2</sub>−Au Composite Nanoparticles (2002)

Gold-capped TiO2 nanocomposite particles have been synthesized by reducing [AuCl4]- on the surface of preformed TiO2 colloids in acetonitrile. Such semiconductor−metal nanocomposites are considered to be beneficial toward improving the efficiency of the photocatalytic oxidation process. Whereas photogenerated electrons of TiO2 colloids readily reduce Au(III) ions in deaerated solution, the photogenerated holes are capable of oxidizing the preexisting gold layer on TiO2 particles in aerated solutions. The experimental conditions under which photocatalysis experiments are carried out dictate the net concentration of metal and metal ion species at the semiconductor/metal interface and hence the overall catalytic activity. Using photocatalytic oxidation of SCN- as a probe, we have investigated the influence of Au0 and Au(III) on interfacial hole transfer. The ratio of metal/metal ion concentration (viz., [Au0]/[Au(III)]) at the TiO2 interface was found to dictate the overall photocatalytic process in the semiconductor/metal nanocomposite.
Development of original metabolically stable apelin‐17 analogs with diuretic and cardiovascular effects (2016)

Apelin, a (neuro)vasoactive peptide, plays a prominent role in controlling cardiovascular functions and water balance. Because the in vivo apelin half-life is in the minute range, we aimed to identify metabolically stable apelin-17 (K17F) analogs. We generated P92 by classic chemical substitutions and LIT01-196 by original addition of a fluorocarbon chain to the N terminus of K17F. Both analogs were much more stable in plasma (half-life >24 h for LIT01-196) than K17F (4.6 min). Analogs displayed a subnanomolar affinity for the apelin receptor and behaved as full agonists with regard to cAMP production, ERK phosphorylation, and apelin receptor internalization. Ex vivo, these compounds induced vasorelaxation of rat aortas and glomerular arterioles, respectively, precontracted with norepinephrine and angiotensin II, and increased cardiac contractility. In vivo, after intracerebroventricular administration in water-deprived mice, P92 and LIT01-196 were 6 and 160 times, respectively, more efficient at inhibiting systemic vasopressin release than K17F. Administered intravenously (nmol/kg range) in normotensive rats, these analogs potently increased urine output and induced a profound and sustained decrease in arterial blood pressure. In summary, these new compounds, which favor diuresis and improve cardiac contractility while reducing vascular resistances, represent promising candidates for the treatment of heart failure and water retention/hyponatremic disorders.-Gerbier, R., Alvear-Perez, R., Margathe, J.-F., Flahault, A., Couvineau, P., Gao, J., De Mota, N., Dabire, H., Li, B., Ceraudo, E., Hus-Citharel, A., Esteoulle, L., Bisoo, C., Hibert, M., Berdeaux, A., Iturrioz, X., Bonnet, D., Llorens-Cortes, C. Development of original metabolically stable apelin-17 analogs with diuretic and cardiovascular effects.
Water vapor retrievals using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) near‐infrared channels (2003)

At present, two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments on board the NASA Terra and Aqua Spacecraft platforms are operational for global remote sensing of the land, ocean, and atmosphere. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for water vapor derivations using several MODIS near‐IR channels. The derivations are made over areas that have reflective surfaces in the near‐IR, such as clear land areas, clouds, and oceanic areas with Sun glint. The algorithm relies on observations of water vapor attenuation of near‐IR solar radiation reflected by surfaces and clouds. Techniques employing ratios of water vapor absorbing channels centered near 0.905, 0.936, and 0.940 μm with atmospheric window channels at 0.865 and 1.24 μm are used. The ratios partially remove the effects of variation of surface reflectance with wavelengths and result in the atmospheric water vapor transmittances. The column water vapor amounts are derived from the transmittances based on theoretical calculations and using lookup table procedures. Typical errors in the derived water vapor values are in the range between 5% and 10%. The daily “pixel‐based” near‐IR water vapor product, which is a standard MODIS level 2 data product, at the 1‐km spatial resolution of the MODIS instrument, and the daily, 8‐day, and monthly near‐IR water vapor products, which are standard MODIS level 3 products, at a 1° by 1° latitude‐longitude grid globally are now routinely produced at a NASA computing facility. We present samples of water vapor images and comparisons to ground‐based measurements by microwave radiometers.
Purification and partial characterization of a bacteriocin isolated from <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> H47 (1993)

A new intracellular bacteriocin isolated from a human fecal strain of Bacteroides ovatus was partially purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The bacteriocin is stable at a pH range of 3-10, at 60 degrees C for 24 h, and at -70 degrees C for 6 months. It is inactivated by proteolytic enzymes. The molecular weight, estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate--PAGE, is 78 kDa. Fifty strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group were isolated from fecal samples, and 41 of the isolates were shown to produce an antagonistic substance against at least 1 indicator strain. Iso-, auto-, and hetero-antagonisms were observed.
<title>Effect of the coating thickness error on the performance of an optical component</title> (1996)

We analyze the effects of systematic coating thickness errors on the performance of an optical component. The coating thickness error results in a phase shift that differs from the design values for both the s- and p-polarized light and changes the apparent surface figure of the optical component.
An Investigation of the Complexity of Maillard Reaction Product Profiles from the Thermal Reaction of Amino Acids with Sucrose Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (2014)

Thermal treatment of food changes its chemical composition drastically with the formation of "so-called" Maillard reaction products, being responsible for the sensory properties of food, along with detrimental and beneficial health effects. In this contribution, we will describe the reactivity of several amino acids, including arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, tyrosine, serine and cysteine, with carbohydrates. The analytical strategy employed involves high and ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry followed by chemometric-type data analysis. The different reactivity of amino acids towards carbohydrates has been observed with cysteine and serine, resulting in complex MS spectra with thousands of detectable reaction products. Several compounds have been tentatively identified, including caramelization reaction products, adducts of amino acids with carbohydrates, their dehydration and hydration products, disproportionation products and aromatic compounds based on molecular formula considerations.
Studies with tetrazole derivatives; some pharmacologic properties of amino tetrazoles. (1946)

The action of a group of aminophenyltetrazole derivatives on the central nervous system has been studied. The presence of a m-aminophenyl, but not the p-aminophenyl group, in either the 1 or 5 position of the tetrazole nucleus produced compounds having primarily depressant actions, depending upon the size of the aliphatic side chain. A schematic diagram of the relation of structure to pharmacologic activity in the 130 compounds of the complete series (1-4 and Group 5) is presented and discussed.
First-passage percolation on the square lattice, II (1977)

Several problems are considered in the theory of first-passage percolation on the two-dimensional integer lattice. The results include: (i) necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of moments of first-passage times; (ii) determination of an upper bound for the time constant; (iii) an initial result concerning the maximum height of routes for first-passage times; (iv) ergodic theorems for a class of reach processes.
Optimal Number of States in Hidden Markov Models and its Application to the Detection of Human Movement (2015)

In this paper, Hidden Markov Model is applied to model human movements as to facilitate an automatic  detection of the same. A number of activities were simulated with the help of two persons. The four  movements considered are walking, sitting down-getting up, fall while walking and fall while standing. The data is acquired using a biaxial accelerometer attached to the person’s body. Data of the four body gestures were then trained to construct several Hidden Markov models for the two people. The problem is to get a good  representation of the data in terms of the number of states of the HMM. Standard general methods used for training pose some drawbacks i.e. the computational burden and initialisation process for the model estimate.  For this reason, a sequential pruning strategy is implemented to address the problems mentioned. Keywords : Hidden Markov Models, sequential pruning strategy, Bayesian Inference Criterion
COCA: A Secure Distributed On-line Certification Authority (2002)

COCA is a fault-tolerant and secure on-line certification authority that has been built and deployed both in a local area network and in the Internet. Replication is used to achieve availability; proactive recovery with threshold cryptography is used for digitally signing certificates in a way that defends against mobile adversaries which attack, compromise, and control one replica for a limited period of time before moving on to another. Relatively weak assumptions characterize environments in which COCA&apos;s protocols will execute correctly. No assumption is made about execution speed and message delivery delays; channels are expected to exhibit only intermittent reliability; and with 3t + 1 COCA servers up to t may be faulty or compromised. The result is a system with inherent defenses to certain denial of service attacks because, by their very nature, weak assumptions are difficult for attackers to invalidate. In addition, traditional techniques, including request authorization, resource management based on segregation and scheduling different classes of requests, as well as caching results of expensive cryptographic operations further reduce COCA&apos;s vulnerability to denial of service attacks. Results from experiments in a local area network and the Internet allow a quantitative evaluation of the various means COCA employs to resist denial of service attacks.