gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of an optical instrument transformer for DC voltage measurement (1993)

This paper deals with the principles, design, assembly, testing results and practical application of a new type of optical voltage instrument transformer based on the Pockels effect, developed for the measurement of DC voltage, with a view to the protection and control of DC power transmission systems including frequency changer power equipment. In order to develop more accurate devices, the authors conceived a new scheme capable of overcoming the particular problems of DC voltage measurement which cause measurement errors. In this scheme, the DC voltage to be measured is chopped and applied to the Pockels crystal. An optical DC voltage instrument transformer was developed and tested using this scheme. The results of the factory tests showed that the characteristics of the new device conform with the required specifications of DC voltage instrument transformers for the protection and control of frequency changer power equipment. The results of field tests conducted for 1 year at an operating frequency conversion substation confirmed that the device is of adequate reliability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Increased expression of pyruvate carboxylase and biotin protein ligase increases lysine production in a biotin prototrophic <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> strain (2014)

Corynebacterium glutamicum , a Gram‐positive bacterium used for the production of various biochemicals, is naturally a biotin auxotroph. We introduced the biotin genes from Bacillus subtilis on a plasmid, pBIO, into a lysine‐producing derivative (termed AHP‐3) that has been described previously, and achieved biotin prototrophy. We found that AHP‐3, containing pBIO, was able to produce lysine in a medium lacking biotin and that the lysine yield on glucose was similar to what is obtained when using a medium containing biotin. However, there was a decrease in specific growth rate of 20% when the strain was cultivated without biotin, indicating a suboptimal intracellular concentration of biotin. In an attempt to locate the potential bottleneck, we added pimelic acid, an early biotin precursor, and found that growth rate could be restored fully, which demonstrates that the bottleneck is in pimeloyl‐CoA (or pimeloyl‐Acyl Carrier Protein [ACP]) formation. Pyruvate carboxylase ( pycA ), a biotin‐dependent enzyme needed for lysine biosynthesis and biotin ligase ( birA ), which is responsible for attaching biotin to pyruvate carboxylase, were overexpressed by replacing the native promoters with the strong superoxide dismutase ( sod ) promoter, to see whether growth could be restored. Neither pycA nor birA overexpression, whether alone or in combination, had an effect on specific growth rate, but they did have a positive effect on lysine yield, which increased by 55% in the strain overexpressing both enzymes.
Scalable sub-10ps skew global clock distribution for a 90nm multi-GHz IA microprocessor (2003)

A three-level clock distribution design for a next generation IA microprocessor is implemented in a 1.2V, 90nm process that scales to a 5GHz range. It achieves sub-10ps global clock uncertainty and addresses in-die variation, RLC delay matching, and scalability with die size and process issues without additional clock jitter or layout area. Risk management of practical constraints due to schedule, changing floor plan, loading and process are discussed.
Reliably picking first breaks with neural networks (1996)

The human effort required to pick first breaks for refraction-statics computations has impeded our efforts to make seismic data processing more efficient. The recent increase in the amount of 3-D data has only exacerbated this productivity bottleneck. Previous efforts to automate first-break picking have relied on signal processing techniques and geophysical models of the refraction process (Coppens, 1985 ; Spagnolini, 1991). Recently, neural networks have been brought to bear on the first-break picking problem (Murat and Rudman, 1992). To reliably pick first breaks with a neural network requires an understanding of how picking errors occur. Picking errors may arise through ambiguities in the input data or in the neural network approximation to the rule that classifies the data.
The Dynamics of Noble Metal Atom Penetration through Methoxy-Terminated Alkanethiolate Monolayers (2004)

We have studied the interaction of vapor-deposited Al, Cu, Ag, and Au atoms on a methoxy-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of HS(CH(2))(16)OCH(3) on polycrystalline Au[111]. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, infrared reflection spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements at increasing coverages of metal show that for Cu and Ag deposition at all coverages the metal atoms continuously partition into competitive pathways: penetration through the SAM to the S/substrate interface and solvation-like interaction with the -OCH(3) terminal groups. Deposited Au atoms, however, undergo only continuous penetration, even at high coverages, leaving the SAM "floating" on the Au surface. These results contrast with earlier investigations of Al deposition on a methyl-terminated SAM where metal atom penetration to the Au/S interface ceases abruptly after a approximately 1:1 Al/Au layer has been attained. These observations are interpreted in terms of a thermally activated penetration mechanism involving dynamic formation of diffusion channels in the SAM via hopping of alkanethiolate-metal (RSM-) moieties across the surface. Using supporting quantum chemical calculations, we rationalized the results in terms of the relative heights of the hopping barriers, RSAl > RSAg, RSCu > RSAu, and the magnitudes of the metal-OCH(3) solvation energies.
Pyripyropenes, novel inhibitors of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. II. Structure elucidation of pyripyropenes A, B, C and D. (1994)

The structures of pyripyropenes A, B, C and D, novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, were determined mainly by spectroscopic studies including various NMR measurements. Pyripyropenes have a common structure which consists of pyridine, alpha-pyrone and sesquiterpene moieties. One of the three O-acetyl residues in the sesquiterpene moiety of pyripyropene A is replaced with an O-propionyl residue in pyripyropenes B, C and D.
PRAeCORDIAL BALLISTOCARDIOGRAPHY (1957)

More recently electronic methods have been used to record this movement (Johnston and Overy
Evaluation of a Configural Vital Signs Display for Intensive Care Unit Nurses (2013)

Although many studies, including this one, support the use of configural displays, the vast majority of ICU monitoring displays still present clinical data in numerical format. The introduction of configural displays in clinical monitoring has potential to improve patient safety.
Determination of Protein-Protein Interactions and the Motifs That Mediate Them (2006)

Determining whether or not a specific protein interacts with another can be accomplished in a number of ways, which can be divided into in vivo or in vitro approaches. The in vivo approaches include yeast two-hybrid, yeast threehybrid, mammalian two-hybrid, one-hybrid, and FRET analyses. While the most common in vitro approaches are glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pulldown assays, co-immunoprecipitation, immune depletion, gel-filtration or sucrose (or glycerol)-density gradient analysis, far-Western blot analysis, and chemical crosslinking. Each one of these assays has strengths and weaknesses and usually a combination of methods can lead a compelling case that a given interaction actually can occur within the cell. Many of these approaches utilize what can be considered transient overexpression of the proteins being studied and this can lead to interactions occurring that do not normally occur under physiologic conditions. Also, upon overexpression a protein may be found in subcellular compartments where they do not normally exist. For example, upon overexpression, a normally cytosolic protein may be found in significant concentrations in the nucleus. Nevertheless, the use of cellular overexpression systems usually yields information that is physiologically relevant. The following section outlines the various approaches that can be taken to document that one protein is capable of interacting with another.
Predictive Registration of Cardiac MR Perfusion Images using Geometric Invariants (2000)

Periodontal disease is a major cause of tooth loss and characterized by inflammation of tooth-supporting structures. Recently, the association between periodontal disease and other health problems has been reported, the importance of treating periodontal disease for general health is more emphasized. The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues. The development of adult stem cell research enables to improve the cell-based tissue engineering for periodontal regeneration. In this review, we present the results of experimental pre-clinical studies and a brief overview of the current state of stem cells therapy for periodontal diseases.
Collaborative Well Planning and Optimization of Well Placement: A Case Study From Mangala Field Development, Rajasthan India (2010)

Abstract This paper discusses the approach of Cairn Energy India Ltd. (CEIL) in the use of a state of the art technology that integrates all relevant data scenarios for designing and planning development wells in the Mangala field of Western Rajasthan, India. To improve the quality of the well planning process, CEIL has realized the importance of a collaborative well planning environment, which was implemented by means of its world-class 3D visualization center that enables multidisciplinary well planning workflows to take place in the subsurface environment. The environment includes physical infrastructure, new technology, and data. A fully functioning collaborative well planning environment enables the drilling team to plan wells using engineering tools, including drilling target definition and refinement, well pad positioning, and wellbore position uncertainty, based on company anti-collision policies, with geosciences team capacity to validate those designs against their subsurface data. The Mangala field development process has established the success of CEIL with rapid, multisolution iterations well planning to the entire asset team and improved wellbore positioning based on potential engineering constraints. This process takes the optimum reservoir drainage into account with possible geological hazards and reduces the operational cost by complementing technical expertise across the broad disciplines. The workflow aids wellbore and drilling optimization and improves decision making and collaboration throughout the field development sequence. The paper explains the detailed aspects of collaborative well planning and optimization of well placement methodology used for Mangala field, which includes 11 horizontal wells that were largely designed as shallow extended reach drilling (ERD) wells. It demonstrates how this method significantly improved the mutual workflow between departments and increased efficiency. This paper also describes the interactive design that dramatically decreased the cycle time in planning more than 160 wells in the field, which contributed to effective development plans and well placement based on geological, drilling, and completion requirements.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Pentaphyrin Macrocycles for Photodynamic Therapy (2005)

This paper describes the synthesis and in-depth characterization of two new porphyrogenic macrocycles 1 and 2, and provides an evaluation of these molecules as photosensitizer agents. By tuning the reaction conditions and starting from readily available 1,9-diformyl-5-phenyldipyrromethane (4) and tripyrrane dicarboxylic acid (3), both the nonaromatic isopentaphyrin 1, composed of a 24 pi-electron macrocycle, and the aromatic pentaphyrin 2, composed of a 22 pi-electron macrocycle, were obtained in good yield and purity. Confocal laser microscopy and cytofluorimetry studies showed that the newly synthesized pentaphyrins penetrate the cell membranes and localize mainly in the cytoplasm. In the absence of light, 1 and 2 exhibit a nonsignificant cytotoxic effect at concentrations up to 3 mug/mL. In contrast, the synthesized pentaphyrins, when delivered to cells at 1.5 or 3 microg/mL and irradiated with white light (8 mW/cm(2)), promoted a strong and dose-dependent phototoxic effect in four different cell lines. FACS and caspase-3/7 activation assays demonstrated that the pentaphyrins cause cell death by apoptosis.
Circuit-Model-Based Analysis of a Wireless Energy-Transfer System via Coupled Magnetic Resonances (2010)

A simple equivalent-circuit model is developed for a wireless energy-transfer system via coupled magnetic resonances, and a practical design method is also provided. Node equations for the resonance system are built with the method, expanding on the equations for a transformer, and the optimum distances of the coils in the system are derived analytically for optimum coupling coefficients for high transfer efficiency. In order to calculate the frequency characteristics for a lossy system, the equivalent model is established at an electric-design automation tool. The model parameters of the actual system are extracted, and the modeling results are compared with measurements. Through the developed model, it is seen that the system can transfer power over a midrange of a few meters and that impedance matching is important to achieve high efficiency.
Determination of Sodium and Water Mobility in the Wheat Noodles during Drying Process Using 23Na and 1H NMR. (1996)

NMRによるめんの23Naと1Hの緩和時間測定を試み,乾燥状態や食塩添加量の影響を検討し,次の結果を得た.(1) 23NaのT1, T2はめんの中の水の量と高い相関があった.(2) 1HのT1は,Short成分とLong成分とに分けられ,乾燥工程中のT1値の変化に違いが認められた.(3) 1Hの各成分のT1値の変化は,食塩添加量2～6%と8%で異なった.この食塩添加量についてレオログラフマイクロによる物性の測定結果との対応が見られた.
In-Depth Permeability Control by Adsorption of Soft Size-Controlled Microgels (2003)

Abstract Injecting stable, preformed microgels as relative permeability modifiers to reduce water production minimizes the risk of well plugging or the absence of efficiency inherent to a technology based on in-situ gelling. Recent investigations showed that microgels formed by crosslinking a polymer solution under shear are soft, size-controlled, quasi-insensitive to reservoir conditions, stable over long periods of time and can control in-depth permeability by adsorbing onto all types of rock surface. The new laboratory studies reported in this paper aimed at knowing how to control the kinetics of crosslink formation by ionic strength and at determining the role the interactions between microgels on their propagation in porous media. The reported experiments include: 1) gelling tests at different ionic strengths, 2) measurements of viscoelastic properties of solutions, 3) determination of both microgel density and microgel-microgel interaction parameter for different conditions of stabilization, 4) the relation between the interaction parameter and the mode of adsorption of microgels. Partly attractive microgels were found to adsorb by forming multilayers and thus to induce drastic permeability barriers. Fully repulsive microgels adsorb as a monolayer and propagate easily in porous media at long distances depending only on the quantity of microgel injected. Thus, by controlling both gelling and stabilization processes, microgels can be produced to be either diversion agents or disproportionate permeability reducers to control water permeability at long distances from the wells.
Chromosome painting with human chromosome-specific DNA libraries reveals the extent and distribution of conserved segments in bovine chromosomes (1995)

Commercially available human chromosome-specific DNA libraries covering the whole karyotype were hybridized to normal bovine metaphase spreads to characterize the conserved chromosomal segments between man and cattle. All chromosome libraries except the Y chromosome library displayed a signal on at least part of one or more bovine chromosomes. The labeling was clearly visualized and permitted precise delineation of the hybridized bovine chromosomal segments. This study indicates that the reorganization of the genetic material between human and bovine genomes is not as great as expected from classical comparative cytogenetics based on banding patterns. However, apart from interchromosomal rearrangements between ancestral forms of human and bovine chromosomes, a majority of intrachromosomal rearrangements must have occurred in these species during evolution to explain the differences in the banding patterns of their chromosomes. These results show that chromosome painting with heterologous chromosome-specific DNA libraries can provide useful information in comparative studies on karyotypes and gene maps of distantly related mammalian species. The observations are discussed in relation to published data on gene mapping in man and cattle.
Modification of dislocation behavior in GaN overgrown on engineered AlN film-on-bulk Si substrate (2013)

The changes that the AlN buffer and Si substrate undergo at each stage of our substrate engineering process, previously shown to lead to a simultaneous and substantial reduction in film crack density and dislocation density in overgrown GaN, are presented. Evidence of ion-implantation assisted grain reorientation for AlN islands coupled with physical isolation from the bulk Si substrate prove to be the dominating driving forces. This is further emphasized with x-ray diffraction analysis that demonstrates a reduction in the in-plane lattice constant of AlN from 3.148 Å to 3.113 Å and a relative change in rotation of AlN islands by 0.135° with regard to the Si substrate after substrate engineering. Misfit dislocations at the AlN-Si interface and disorder that is normally associated with formation of amorphous SiNx at this interface are considered to be two of the major contributors to dislocation nucleation within overgrown GaN. Following our technique, the disappearance of disorder at the AlN-Si interface is observed. Extensive ellipsometry and transmission electron microscopy suggests that larger AlN islands with a smoother surface morphology could further reduce the dislocation density below that previously reported. A 1.2 μm GaN layer deposited on an AlN buffer with larger islands and smoother morphology exhibits a 14× reduction in surface pit density after undergoing the ion-implantation assisted substrate modification technique.
Ethanol preference in <i>C. elegans</i> (2009)

Caenorhabditis elegans senses multiple environmental stimuli through sensory systems and rapidly changes its behaviors for survival. With a simple and well-characterized nervous system, C. elegans is a suitable animal model for studying behavioral plasticity. Previous studies have shown acute neurodepressive effects of ethanol on multiple behaviors of C. elegans similar to the effect of ethanol on other organisms. Caenorhabditis elegans also develops ethanol tolerance during continuous exposure to ethanol. In mammals, chronic ethanol exposure leads to ethanol tolerance as well as increased ethanol consumption. Ethanol preference is associated with the development of tolerance and may lead to the development of ethanol dependence. In this study, we show that C. elegans is a useful model organism for studying chronic effects of ethanol, including the development of ethanol preference. We designed a behavioral assay for testing ethanol preference after prolonged ethanol exposure. Despite baseline aversive responses to ethanol, animals show ethanol preference after 4 h of pre-exposure to ethanol and exhibit significantly enhanced preference for ethanol after a lifetime of ethanol exposure. The cat-2 and tph-1 mutant animals have defects in the synthetic enzymes for dopamine and serotonin, respectively. These mutants are deficient in the development of ethanol preference, indicating that dopamine and serotonin are required for this form of behavioral plasticity.
Nanoencapsulation of Organophosphorus Acid Anhydrolase with Mesoporous Materials for Chemical Agent Decontamination in Organic Solvents (2007)

Organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (OPAA) was successfully nanoencapsulated, in-situ, into both silica and organicmodified silica following the low volume shrinkage, non-surfactant templated sol-gel process with D-fructose and poly(ethylene glycol) as the pore-forming agents. By varying the concentration of the template or the concentration of the starting materials, the pore parameters were tuned to have high surface area of 500-800 m2/g, large pore volume from 0.2-0.8 cm3/g, and pore diameters ranging from 2-6 nm. As a result, the enzyme remained active in the nanoencapsulated form in both aqueous and mixed aqueous-organic solvents and was reusable by employing a simple regeneration procedure of buffer wash. The immobilization of OPAA in mesoporous materials significantly increased the stability of OPAA against the denaturation in the presence of organic solvents. For a remarkable example, the organically-modified gel sample in 20% acetone significantly retained enzyme activity up to ~90% in comparison with aqueous solution.
Flurocompounds Related to the Reversed Esters of Pethidine (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlurocompounds Related to the Reversed Esters of PethidineN. J. Harper and A. B. SimmondsCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1958, 1, 2, 181–185Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1959https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50003a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (290 KB) Get e-Alerts
Magneto-inductive waveguide devices (2006)

Devices formed from magneto-inductive waveguides based on coupled loop resonators are considered using simple analytic theory, initially assuming lossless propagation and nearest-neighbour coupling. Two-port devices that were considered include mirrors, Fabry–Perot resonators, Bragg gratings and tapers, while more general N-port devices include power splitters and directional couplers. Conditions for multiple-beam resonance and Bragg reflection in two-port devices are identified, and it is shown that quasi-optical filters may be constructed by simple layout variations. Conditions for low reflection are identified in splitters, and it is shown that matched three-port splitters with arbitrary power division ratios may be achieved for a particular input port. However, matching is not possible for all ports simultaneously. Directional couplers are shown to operate well only at mid-band and with weak coupling. The effect of loss is then examined and it is shown that idealised performance is obtained using resonators with sufficiently high Q-factors.