gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Downstream signal transduction defects that suppress transformation in two revertant cell lines expressing activated rat neu oncogene. (1993)

The neu gene encodes the transmembrane tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor, p185. To study neu-induced cellular transformation, we developed revertant cells from the neu-transformed NIH 3T3 cell line, B104-1-1, by treating the cells with the chemical mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate. The morphologically normal revertant cells were first selected by their ability either to attach to culture plates or to survive in the presence of the cytotoxic reagents colchicine or 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine. Two of the 21 candidate revertant cell lines isolated were further characterized and were found to lose their anchorage independence and ability to grow in 1% calf serum, indicating that they were nontransformed even though they still expressed p185 oncoprotein. The tyrosine residues of p185 in these two revertants were underphosphorylated, which may have contributed to their nontransformed status. In addition, these revertants also resisted transformation by neu and several additional oncogenes (H-ras, N-ras, v-mos, v-abl, and v-fos) as determined by focus forming assays. These results indicated that we had successfully developed, from neu-transformed cells, revertants exhibiting defective tyrosine phosphorylation of the neu oncoprotein. The results also suggested that neu and several other oncogenes may share common elements in their pathways for the induction of cellular transformation.
Going deeper with Image Transformers (2021)

Transformers have been recently adapted for large scale image classification, achieving high scores shaking up the long supremacy of convolutional neural networks. However the optimization of vision transformers has been little studied so far. In this work, we build and optimize deeper transformer networks for image classification. In particular, we investigate the interplay of architecture and optimization of such dedicated transformers. We make two architecture changes that significantly improve the accuracy of deep transformers. This leads us to produce models whose performance does not saturate early with more depth, for in-stance we obtain 86.5% top-1 accuracy on Imagenet when training with no external data, we thus attain the current sate of the art with less floating-point operations and parameters. Our best model establishes the new state of the art on Imagenet with Reassessed labels and Imagenet-V2 / match frequency, in the setting with no additional training data. We share our code and models <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
Unsupervised features extraction from asynchronous silicon retina through Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (2011)

In this paper, we present a novel approach to extract complex and overlapping temporally correlated features directly from spike-based dynamic vision sensors. A spiking neural network capable of performing multilayer unsupervised learning through Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity is introduced. It shows exceptional performances at detecting cars passing on a freeway recorded with a dynamic vision sensor, after only 10 minutes of fully unsupervised learning. Our methodology is thoroughly explained and first applied to a simpler example of ball trajectory learning. Two unsupervised learning strategies are investigated for advanced features learning. Robustness of our network to synaptic and neuron variability is assessed and virtual immunity to noise and jitter is demonstrated.
Efficient Mitigation of Fiber Impairments in an Ultra-Long Haul Transmission of 40Gbit/s Polarization-Multiplexed Data, by Digital Processing in a Coherent Receiver (2007)

In a 4080km-long link, where large PMD is emulated, we demonstrate that distortions from PMD/PDL and dispersion can be contained when sending 40Gbit/s Polarization-Multiplexed QPSK data and recovering them with coherent detection and digital processing.
Optimization of geometrical calibration in pinhole SPECT (2005)

Previously, we developed a method to determine the acquisition geometry of a pinhole camera. This information is needed for the correct reconstruction of pinhole single photon emission computed tomography images. The method uses a calibration phantom consisting of three point sources and their positions in the field of view (FOV) influence the accuracy of the geometry estimate. This work proposes two particular configurations of point sources with specific positions and orientations in the FOV for optimal image reconstruction accuracy. For the proposed calibration setups, inaccuracies of the geometry estimate due to noise in the calibration data, only cause subresolution inaccuracies in reconstructed images. The calibration method also uses a model of the point source configuration, which is only known with limited accuracy. The study demonstrates, however, that, with the proposed calibration setups, the error in reconstructed images is comparable to the error in the phantom model.
Compress compound images in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC by fully exploiting spatial correlation (2009)

Compound images consist of text, graphics and natural images, which present strong anisotropic features. It makes existing image coding standards inefficient on compressing them. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a novel coding scheme based on the H.264 intra-frame coding. Two new intra modes are proposed to better exploit spatial correlations in compound images. The first is residual scalar quantization (RSQ) mode, where intra-predicted residues are directly quantized and entropy coded. The second is base colors and index map (BCIM) mode that can be viewed as an adaptive vector quantization. In this mode, an image block is represented by several representative colors, called as base colors, and an index map to compress. Two new modes as well as previous intra modes in H.264 are selected by the rate-distortion optimization (RDO) method in each block. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme not only improves the coding efficiency even more than 10 dB for compound images but also keeps the similar performance as H.264 for natural images.
Recent results on hydrogen passivation of silicon sheet solar cells (1985)

Recent experiments have shown that the fill factor degradation of some hydrogen-passivated dendritic web solar cells we reported earlier [Y. S. Tsuo and J. B. Milstein, Appl. Phys. Lett. 45, 971 (1984)] is caused mainly by thin (less than 7 μm), damaged, front metal grids. A comparison of spectral response data for unpassivated and passivated cells shows that improvements occur mainly in the longer wavelength region, which indicates that bulk properties are enhanced by hydrogen passivation. We have also examined the stability of hydrogen-passivated dendritic web solar cells over a three month period under outdoor test conditions and have not found any degradation. Electron-beam-induced current data have been obtained that show the hydrogen passivation of dislocations as well as grain boundaries in edge-supported-pulling silicon sheet solar cells.
A generic ground collision avoidance system for tactical aircraft (2003)

A novel approach was developed and tested to solve the controlled-flight-into-terrrain (CFIT) accidents problem. This approach yielded a sensor flexible and highly dynamic system. A basic overview of Ground Collision Avoidance System (GCAS) is presented with a discussion of possible error sources and their effect on the system. A description of the methods used to validate the GCAS is given. The generic GCAS was tested using the Tactical Aircrew Combat Training System (TACTS)/Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation (ACMI) system. Utilization of the TACTS/ACMI system avoided the need for costly aircraft modifications during the development while proving a test bed diverse in tactical aircraft types.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mangan und seine anorganischen Verbindungen, Addendum [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2011] (2013)

Abstract Veröffentlicht in der Reihe Biologische Arbeitsstoff‐Toleranz‐Werte (BAT‐Werte), Expositionsäquivalente für krebserzeugende Arbeitsstoffe (EKA), Biologische Leitwerte (BLW) und Biologische Arbeitsstoff‐Referenzwerte (BAR) , 18. Lieferung, Ausgabe 2011 Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel: Reevaluierung Kritische Toxizität Belastung und Beanspruchung Untersuchungsmethoden Hintergrundbelastung Evaluierung Interpretation
Investigation of oil and emulsion stability of locally prepared metalworking fluids (2012)

Purpose No one particular fluid has cooling and lubrication properties suitable for every metalworking application. The purpose of this paper is first, to investigate the effect of anionic and nonionic mixed emulsifier system in stabilization of cutting fluid formulations and second, to study the interaction synergism of the fulfill additives of metalworking fluids to achieve low scar diameters, high stability, anti rusting and corrosion properties. Design/methodology/approach A lot of set mixtures in this work were formulated to get the demand needed for soluble oil metalworking fluids. It was based on a blend of emulsifier package (anionic‐non ionic), and in order to reach acceptable manufacturing conditions, coupling agent, stabilizer, biocide, base oil and anti‐rust additives were added to the formulation. Different percentages of these components were incorporated to optimize the stability of the emulsifier system. Standard tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsions as lubricating and cooling fluids in machining operations. The evaluation was drawn in five factors; oil stability, emulsion stability, pH, anti‐rust (corrosion inhibition), biological activity and extreme pressure performance tests. Findings All tests achieved excellent results according to the ASTM. From the obtained results, the formula (named EPRI 950) exhibited a good performance compared with the commercial cutting fluid. Originality/value This work investigates the effect of anionic and nonionic mixed emulsifier system in stabilization of cutting fluid formulations; and the interaction synergism of the fulfill additives of metalworking fluids to achieve low scar diameters, high stability, anti‐rusting and corrosion properties.
Automatic General-Purpose Sanitization of Textual Documents (2013)

The advent of new information sharing technologies has led society to a scenario where thousands of textual documents are publicly published every day. The existence of confidential information in many of these documents motivates the use of measures to hide sensitive data before being published, which is precisely the goal of document sanitization. Even though methods to assist the sanitization process have been proposed, most of them are focused on the detection of specific types of sensitive entities for concrete domains, lacking generality and and requiring user supervision. Moreover, to hide sensitive terms, most approaches opt to remove them, a measure that hampers the utility of the sanitized document. This paper presents a general-purpose sanitization method that, based on information theory and exploiting knowledge bases, detects and hides sensitive textual information while preserving its meaning. Our proposal works in an automatic and unsupervised way and it can be applied to heterogeneous documents, which make it specially suitable for environments with massive and heterogeneous information-sharing needs. Evaluation results show that our method outperforms strategies based on trained classifiers regarding the detection recall, whereas it better retains the document's utility compared to term-suppression methods.
Reversible Topotactic Hydration and Dehydration of an Europium Complex [1] (1998)

Solid samples of the salt [Eu〈LOEt〉2(H2O)2]BF4, (〈LOEt〉 = [CoCp{P(OEt)2O}3]) may be reversibly dehydrated under very mild conditions to give the corresponding mono aqua complex [Eu〈LOEt〉2(H2O)]BF4. The conversion can be monitored by single crystal x-ray diffraction. In the course of the reaction the crystallinity of the substance is retained: both compounds crystallize in space group P21/c with similar lattice constants and essentially the same packing arrangement. The cations show the expected change in the Eu coordination geometry with longer metal-ligand distances for the higher coordinated Eu atoms in the diaqua complex. The crystalline-state reaction is facilitated by a suitable morphology. Reversible topotaktische Anlagerung und Eliminierung eines Aqua-Liganden an einem Europium-Komplex Die ionische Verbindung [Eu〈LOEt〉2(H2O)2]BF4, (〈LOEt〉 = [CoCp{P(OEt)2O}3]) läßt sich in festem Zustand unter sehr milden Bedingungen zum entsprechenden Mono-Aqua-Komplex [Eu〈LOEt〉2(H2O)]BF4 dehydratisieren. Die Umsetzung kann mit Hilfe der Röntgenbeugung an Einkristallen verfolgt werden. Im Zuge der Reaktion bleibt der einkristalline Charakter der Substanz erhalten: Beide Verbindungen kristallisieren in der Raumgruppe P21/c mit ähnlichen Gitterkonstanten und in den Grundzügen gleicher Packung. Die Kationen zeigen die erwarteten Unterschiede in der Koordinationsgeometrie des Eu mit größeren Metall–Ligand-Abständen für das höher koordinierte Eu Zentralatom im Di-Aqua-Komplex. Eine geeignete Morphologie erleichtert die Reaktion im Einkristall.
Progress of Polymers from Renewable Resources: Furans, Vegetable Oils, and Polysaccharides (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTProgress of Polymers from Renewable Resources: Furans, Vegetable Oils, and PolysaccharidesAlessandro Gandini*†‡, Talita M. Lacerda†‡, Antonio J. F. Carvalho‡, and Eliane Trovatti†‡View Author Information† São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense 400, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil‡ Department of Materials Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, CEP 13563-120, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2016, 116, 3, 1637–1669Publication Date (Web):August 20, 2015Publication History Received30 April 2015Published online20 August 2015Published inissue 10 February 2016https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00264https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00264review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views13744Altmetric-Citations618LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Lipids,Materials,Organic polymers,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Characterization of Particulate Mixtures by In‐Line Measurments (1994)

Abstract The quality of particulate mixtures influences strongly the efficiency of downstream process steps. The design or optimization of mixing processes requires fast and accurate methods for determining mixture quality. This paper describes an optical method for the in‐line concentration measurement of the key (tracer) component in particulate mixtures with fiber optical probes. Small fluctuations of tracer concentration equivalent to a low concentration variance represent a high degree of mixing. Monochromatic light penetrates via fiber optical probes into a powder sample. A photometer measures the intensity of the diffuse reflected light. If the tracer differs in colour from the other components of the mixture its concentration can be determined. Three types of fiber optical probes were tested. For calibration two series of mixed samples covering a broad concentration range were prepared, one consisting of white Al(OH) 3 and dark SiC and the other of Al(OH) 3 and a much finer green pigment. The calibration graphs are described by the Kubelka‐Munk theory. The influence of changes in particle size on the signals is reduced by choosing a probe with an angled arrangement of the fibers. The sample mass of the probes is estimated to ca. 0.01 g, based on comparison with random mixtures at different tracer concentrations. In‐line measurements provide extensive data sets which allow advanced statistical intepretations of mixing processes.
Decay of Two-Dimensional Ag Islands on Ag(111) (1996)

We have studied the decay of two-dimensional Ag islands on Ag(111) at room temperature by scanning tunneling microscopy. The results are in accordance with the classical continuum theory used to describe the time evolution of cluster sizes in an ensemble of clusters (Ostwald ripening), but they do not follow the simple power laws commonly used as limiting expressions of the classical theory. We show that deviations from the simple behavior are, in fact, expected for the island sizes studied ( $<5000$ atoms) and for reasonable values of line tensions on metal surfaces.
Dynamic Response Optimization of Asymmetrically Configured Piezoelectric Fans (2003)

Piezoelectric fans typically consist of one piezoelectric patch bonded on one side of a thin, flexible elastic beam. The fan is excited at resonance and used to drive unsteady flows to cool microelectronics components. Field equations of the coupled structure governing the coupled longitudinal and bending motions of the fan are derived using linear constitutive equations, slender beam approximations, and Hamilton’s principle. Analytical solutions are found to the coupled eigenvalue problem. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for closed and open circuited configurations are predicted analytically and are found to be in excellent agreement with three-dimensional finite element results. Electromechanical Coupling Factors (EMCF) are computed using the analytical and finite element models and optimal fan geometries are identified for maximal EMCF. The analytical solution provides a convenient tool for the optimal design of such fans.
Endotoxin-induced enhancement of glucose influx into murine peritoneal macrophages via GLUT1 (1996)

Hypoglycemia is among the most injurious metabolic disorders caused by endotoxemia. In experimental endotoxemia with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in animals, a marked glucose consumption is observed in macrophage-rich organs. However, the direct effect of LPS on the uptake of glucose by macrophages has not been fully understood, and the present study was undertaken to shed light on this point. The consumption and uptake of glucose, as measured with 2-deoxy-D-[3H]glucose, by murine peritoneal exudate macrophages in culture were accelerated two- to threefold by stimulation with 3 ng of LPS per ml. The rate of glucose uptake reached a plateau after 20 min of stimulation and remained at the maximum as long as LPS was present. Northern (RNA) blot analysis with cDNA probes for five known isoforms of glucose transporter (GLUT) revealed that the expression of GLUT by macrophages was restricted to the GLUT1 isoform during LPS stimulation and the amount of GLUT1 mRNA was increased by the stimulation. These results suggest that macrophage responses to LPS are supported by a rapid and sustained glucose influx via GLUT1 and that this is a participating factor in the development of systemic hypoglycemia when endotoxemia is prolonged.
Silicon/silicon oxide and silicon/silicon nitride multilayers for extreme ultraviolet (1991)

Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> and Si/Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> multilayers have been fabricated using a locally made reactive diode ri-sputtering system. The layer alternation is obtained by modulating a partial pressure of oxygen or nitrogen near the sample using a silicon target with argon as sputtering gas. O<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> partial pressure conditions were optimized to deposit stoichiometric SiO<sub>2</sub> and Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> films without significant reaction with the silicon target. In situ kinetic ellipsometry was used to monitor both thick film and multilayer deposition. The different interfaces appear very sharp with a little contamination of the silicon layers especially using oxygen. The multilayers were characterized by grazing x-ray reflection (Cu-K α line), and the reflectivity was measured in the soft x-ray range (120-350 Å) by synchrotron radiation. Both Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> and Si/Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> multilayers exhibit well-defined Bragg peaks with very narrow bandpasses (two to three times lower than the conventional Mo/Si multilayer), and high absolute reflectivities (up to ≅22% at 130 Å). Finally, thermal stability of Si/Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> multilayers was evaluated. We did not find any degradation after annealing up to 800°C, which is extremely high compared to conventional Mo/Si multilayers, which are generally destroyed above 500°C.
The Effects of Biological and Chemical Treatment on Gray Mold Disease in Tomatoes Grown under Greenhouse Conditions (2007)

A total of 163 bacterial strains isolated from tomato leaves were evaluated for their ability to suppress gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.) on tomatoes, and 4 strains consistently reduced the incidence of B. cinerea. These antagonist strains were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens. The bacterial strains with in vitro resistance to fungicides were combined with low-dose fenhexamid in vivo. One strain of P. fluorescens (Pf163) reduced the disease incidence by an average of 78% on tomato plants inoculated with B. cinerea in greenhouse trials. In comparison to the control treatment, other P. fluorescens strains applied with low-dose fenhexamid reduced the incidence of decay by 74.17%, 70.52%, and 65.74%, respectively. The antagonists significantly reduced gray mold decay when combined with low-dose (12.5 ml a.i. hl-1) fenhexamid more than the control did. It was shown that antagonistic bacterial strains inhibited B. cinerea and that they have a potential use in combination with the fungicide in greenhouse experiments.
Vibration Fiber Sensors Based on SM-NC-SM Fiber Structure (2015)

A novel vibration sensor based on the single mode (SM)-no core (NC)-SM fiber structure is proposed and experimentally sensing results demonstrated. By numerical simulation, we use an NC fiber (NCF) as the multimode waveguide structure for the multimode interference (MMI) sensing. Through intensity demodulation, the vibration sensing structure can detect continuous vibration disturbances with the frequencies of ranging from 100 Hz to 29 kHz and the inherent frequency of cantilever slab of 700 Hz. The frequency sensing resolution is 1 Hz in real-time monitoring. The proposed compact structure is easy to fabricate and has low cost.