gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engaging Immersive Video Consumers: Challenges Regarding 360-Degree Gamified Video Applications (2016)

360-degree videos is a new medium that has gained the attention of the research community imposing challenges for creating more interactive and engaging immersive experiences. The purpose of this study is to introduce a set of technical and design challenges for interactive, gamified 360-degree mixed reality applications that immerse and engage users. The development of gamified applications refers to the merely incorporation of game elements in the interaction design process to attract and engage the user through playful interaction with the virtual world. The study presents experiments with the incorporation of series of game elements such as time pressure challenges, badges and user levels, storytelling narrative and immediate visual feedback to the interaction design logic of a mixed reality mobile gaming application that runs in an environment composed of 360-degree video and 3D computer generated objects. In the present study, the architecture and overall process for creating such an application is being presented along with a list of design implications and constraints. The paper concludes with future directions and conclusions on improving the level of immersion and engagement of 360-degree video consumers.
Cloning and characterization of the gene coding for cytoplasmic seryl-tRNA synthetase from<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1987)

We have screened a Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression library with antibodies against seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS) from baker's yeast. In this way we obtained clones which contain serS, the structural gene for seryl-tRNA synthetase. Genomic Southern blots show that the serS gene resides on a 5.0 kb SalI fragment. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the genes revealed a single open reading frame from which we deduced the amino acid sequence of the enzyme consistent with that of two peptides isolated from SerRS. The enzyme is comprised of 462 amino acids consistent with earlier determinations of its molecular weight. The codon usage of serS is typical of abundant yeast proteins. Nuclease S1 analysis of serS mRNA defined the RNA initiation site 20-40 bases downstream from an AT rich sequence containing the TATA box and 21-39 nucleotides upstream of the translation initiation codon. Yeast strains transformed with the cloned gene overproduce seryl-tRNA synthetase in vivo.
Compact four bit carry look-ahead CMOS adder inmulti-output DCVS logic (1996)

A four-bit carry look-ahead (CLA) CMOS adder based on transistor sharing in a multi-output differential cascode voltage switch (MODCVS) logic is presented. This adder uses a new enhanced CLA unit, which enables the generation of all output carries in one single compact gate structure. Simulation results using HSPICE with CMOS 1.0 µm technology designs show that the four-bit adder proposed has 15.7% less transistors, 27.2% less silicon area, ~14% speed improvement, and a 29.1% reduction in average power consumption compared to a standard DCVS implementation.
Spontaneous CNS remyelination in beta 2 microglobulin-deficient mice following virus-induced demyelination (1995)

Animal models with selective genetic immunodeficiencies are useful tools to identify pathogenic mechanisms of disease. Resistant (C57BL/6F 129/J) (H-2b) mice are rendered susceptible to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelination by genetic disruption of the beta 2 microglobulin gene [beta 2 m(-l-)]. The absence of beta 2 m prevents the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and normal levels of functional CD8+ T cells. We tested whether genetic depletion of beta 2 m would permit CNS remyelination after chronic demyelination induced by the Daniel's strain of Theiler's virus. In contrast to the minimal spontaneous remyelination observed in SJL/J mice after infection with the Daniel's strain of Theiler's virus, chronically infected beta 2 m(-I-) mice showed extensive and progressive spontaneous CNS remyelination at 6, 12, and 18 months after infection. Spontaneous remyelination by both oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells occurred despite the presence of persistent virus antigen and RNA, but was associated with diminished virus-specific humoral and delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. These experiments support the hypothesis that the immune response inhibits myelin regeneration after virus-induced CNS demyelination.
Extreme scaling with ultra-thin Si channel MOSFETs (2003)

We examine the scaling limits for planar single gate technology using the ultra-thin Si channel MOSFET. Characteristics for extreme scaled devices with physical gate lengths down to 6 nm and SOI channels as thin as 4 nm are presented. For the first time, we report ring oscillators with 26 nm gate lengths and ultra-thin Si channels.
Titelbild: Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Intact Biological Tissue by Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization (Angew. Chem. 43/2005) (2005)

Die Desorptions‐Elektrospray‐Ionisierung wird für die massenspektrometrische Analyse von Phospholipiden genutzt. In ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 7256 ff. beschreiben R. G. Cooks, R. M. Caprioli et al. die schnelle Analyse von unbehandelten biologischen Geweben, darunter der Tumorregion von Lebergewebe. Im Titelbild sind das Auftreffen geladener Liquidmikrotröpfchen auf Lebergewebe an Luft und die Freisetzung von Lipiden und anderen Molekülen als Ionen für die Analyse dargestellt. (Das Bild stammt von Z. Ouyang, J. Wiseman und R. Shreve.)
Thermal Stability of Liquid Crystal Alignment Layers Prepared by In-Situ Ultra-Violet Exposure during Imidization of Polyimide (2001)

A novel method for liquid crystal alignment using in-situ exposure to linearly polarized ultra-violet (LPUV) light during imidization of polyimide has been devised. The alignment layers prepared by this method exhibit higher thermal stability than the conventional method that employs LPUV exposure after imidization. Multi-domain cells can be easily fabricated with the use of a photo mask and multi-step in-situ LPUV exposure during hard bake. With this method, it is also possible to generate pretilt angle using two-step LPUV exposure during imidization.
Differences in enzyme activities of <i>Lipomyces starkeyi</i> between cells accumulating lipid and proliferating cells (1987)

Abstract Differences in intracellular enzyme activities between cells accumulating lipid and proliferating cells were studied with Lipomyces starkeyi , a fat‐producing yeast. When the cells were removed from a medium for lipid accumulation to a medium for cell proliferation, activities of several enzymes on the glycolytic pathway, pentosephosphate cycle, glycerol 3‐phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty‐acid biosynthesis pathway changed. In the proliferating cells, activities of glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GDH) and ATP citrate lyase were very low, as compared to those in the cells accumulating lipids. Activities of these two enzymes and 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, particularly GDH, decreased with the addition of zinc ion to the cell‐free extract of the cells accumulating lipid.
Role of customer attributes on absolute price thresholds (2019)

Purpose This paper aims to examine how customer heterogeneity influences absolute price thresholds in a service industry. Design/methodology/approach Customer purchase behavior is studied in the context of a firm’s and competitor’s price changes. Customer purchase behavior is further examined in the context of specific customer attributes such as loyalty, motivation, online purchase channel, gender and frequency of purchase. The study uses a longitudinal data set spanning over 44 months and tracks over 13,000 of a firm’s customers, totaling over 200,000 transactions from a parking services provider. Findings Results show that absolute price thresholds affect purchasing decisions. Customers are willing to pay a range of prices for a considered purchase, and when a price is within customers’ acceptable price range, it does not induce a change in their purchase behavior. However, specific identifiable customer attributes influence the propensity to continue buying and influence the acceptable price range. Practical implications Knowledge from this study can be applied to developing a deeper understanding of customers and their price thresholds to improve customer retention and firm performance after a price change. Originality/value For a better understanding of the consumer choice process, it is essential to understand what factors affect price thresholds. Additionally, very few studies are using transaction-level data to empirically validate concepts from behavioral price research in the service industry, and none that do it at an individual customer level over three years.
SwimMaster (2009)

In this paper we introduce the concept of a wearable assistant for swimmer, called SwimMaster. The SwimMaster consists of acceleration sensors with micro-controllers and feedback interface modules that swimmer wear while swimming. With four different evaluation studies and a total of 22 subjects we demonstrate the functionality and power of the SwimMaster system. We show how a wide range of swim parameters can be monitored and used for a continuous swim performance evaluation. These parameters include the time per lane, the swimming velocity and the number of strokes per lane. Also swim style specific factors like the body balance and the body rotation are extracted. Finally three feedback modalities are tested and evaluated. With these means we show the ability of the SwimMaster to assist a swimmer in achieving the desired exercise goals by constantly monitoring his/her swim performance and providing the necessary feedback to achieve the desired workout goals.
An Experimental Study of Fe–Al Solubility in the System Corundum–Hematite up to 40 kbar and 1300°C (2005)

The mutual solubility in the system corundum–hematite [α-(Al, Fe3+)2O3] was investigated experimentally using both synthetic and natural materials. Mixtures of γ-Al2O3 and α-Fe2O3 (weight ratios of 8:2 and 10:1) were used as starting materials for synthesis experiments in air at 800–1300°C with run times of 7–34 days. Experiments at 8–40 kbar and 490–1100°C were performed in a piston-cylinder apparatus (run times of 0·8–7·4 days) using a natural diasporite consisting of 60–70 vol. % diaspore and 20–30 vol. % Ti-hematite. During the diasporite–corundite transformation, the FeTiO3 component (12–18 mol %) of Ti-hematite only slightly increased, implying that oxygen fugacity was maintained at high values. Run products were studied by electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction (Rietveld) techniques. An essentially linear volume of mixing exists in the solid solution with a slight positive deviation at the hematite side. Up to 1000°C, corundum contains <4 mol % Fe2O3 and hematite <10 mol % Al2O3; at 1200°C these amounts increase to 9·3 and 17·0 mol %, respectively. At 1300°C hematite was no longer stable and \({\alpha}-\left(Al_{0{\cdot}88}Fe_{0{\cdot}12}^{3+}O_{3}\right)\) coexists with the orthorhombic phase \(\mathrm{Fe}_{0{\cdot}53}^{3{+}}\mathrm{Al}_{0{\cdot}47}\mathrm{O}_{3}\) ⁠. The present results agree with corundum (solvus) compositions obtained in previous studies but indicate a larger solubility of Al in hematite. The miscibility gap in the solution can be modelled with an asymmetric Margules equation with interaction parameters (2σ uncertainties): \(\mathrm{W}^{\mathrm{H}}_{Cor}\ =\ 89\ {\pm}\ 10{\,}kJ/mol\) ⁠; \(\mathrm{W}^{\mathrm{S}}_{Cor}\ =\ 23\ {\pm}\ 8{\,}J/\left(Kmol\right)\) ⁠; \(\mathrm{W}^{\mathrm{H}}_{Hem}\ =\ 91\ {\pm}\ 14{\,}kJ/mol\) ⁠; \(\mathrm{W}^{\mathrm{S}}_{Hem}\ =\ 14\ {\pm}\ 10{\,}J/\left(Kmol\right)\) ⁠. Application of the corundum–hematite solution as a solvus geothermometer is limited because of the scarcity of suitable rock compositions.
Discovery of associated topics for the intelligent browsing (2008)

Intelligent browsing of topics is one of the key issues of the Web and the Knowledge Grid, which provides on-demand services to support knowledge discovery and innovation. In this paper, Background of topics composed by Associated Relations (BAR) between keywords belonging to one domain is developed to extend the topics’ associated relations based on the Element Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (E-FCMs), which helps us discover the associated topics that do not have direct associated relation at the keyword level. The Matrix of element Concepts (MC) is presented to store element concepts of topics. Through MC we can obtain the causal concepts of each topic in one domain; logic operation “AND” is given to get associated topics. Semantic Link Network (SLN) is automatically generated by the associated topics, which can realize the intelligent browsing of topics in Web or Knowledge Grid. Experimental results show that the browsing path of topics is easier to be built by the proposed algorithm and the associated topic can be recommended automatically. Meanwhile, an application of the associated topics in multimedia provides a good prospect on the cross media intelligent browsing.
Electron Microscopy of a Non-pellicle-forming Strain of Acetobacter xylinum (1977)

A non-pellicle-forming culture of Acetobacter xylinum, isolated from a pellicle-forming culture by repeated transfer of the latter through agitated medium, has been examined. The cells of the non-pellicle-producing culture are often greatly elongated and possess a profusion of intra-cytoplasmic membranes. Freeze-fractured cells reveal extensive face views of both the outer and cytoplasmic membranes and show a cell coat composed of a large number of short fibrils arising from the outer membrane. X-ray diffraction of the cells in some cases shows the cellulose-I pattern but shadow-contrasted preparations do not show long microfibrils. It is suggested that the non-pellicle formers produce cellulose as only very short microfibrils which are synthesised all over the cell surface and that there are changes in the outer membrane compared to pellicle-producing cells. The possible significance of these differences between pellicle-forming and non-pellicle-forming A. xylinum strains is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES (1976)

Abstract Kondensation der Säurechloride (I) mit NH 4 OH bzw. Isopropylamin (II) liefert die Amide (IIIa)‐(IIId); Nitrierung der unsubstituierten Amide (IIIa) gibt ein Gemisch der Nitroderivate (IIIb) und (IIId).
Male Gender Role Conflict, Depression, and Help Seeking: Do College Men Face Double Jeopardy? (1995)

To investigate the previously untested hypothesis that college men with higher levels of male gender role conflict (MGRC) experience both increased risk of depression and more negative attitudes toward seeking counseling services, this study used latent variable modeling to examine these relations. Two components of MGRC were identified: restriction‐related MGRC, which predicted 25% of the variance in help‐seeking attitudes, and achievement‐relatedMGRC, which predicted 21% of the variance in depression. It is suggested that outreach programs designed to increase college men's willingness to use counseling services attempt to counter the option‐limiting aspects of male gender roles, whereas counseling with depressed college men incorporate an examination of their perceptions of success and achievement.
Aclar discs: a versatile substrate for routine high‐pressure freezing of mammalian cell monolayers (2006)

High-pressure freezing avoids the artefacts induced by conventional chemical fixation, and, in combination with freeze-substitution and plastic embedding, is a reliable method for the ultrastructural analysis of mammalian cell monolayers. In order to high-pressure freeze mammalian cell monolayers, cells have to be seeded on a suitable substrate. Unfortunately, electron microscopy analysis is often hampered by poor cell growth, changes in cell morphology induced by the cell substrate or cell loss during processing. We report a method to culture, high-pressure freeze, freeze-substitute and plastic embed mammalian cell monolayers. The method is based on the use of Aclar, a copolymer film with properties very similar to those of tissue culture plastic. We show that Aclar discs support the normal growth and morphology of a wide variety of mammalian cell types, and form an ideal starting point for high-pressure freezing, freeze-substitution and plastic embedding. We present a complete protocol, which, because of its simplicity and reproducibility, provides a method suitable for the routine analysis of mammalian cell monolayers by electron microscopy and tomography.
Equivalent circuit parameter extraction of SAW resonators (2002)

It is demonstrated that a useful and accurate model for high-frequency SAW (surface acoustic wave) resonators can be extracted by successive applications of the EIA-512 method. This extraction technique is an adaptation of the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard for measurement of the equivalent electrical parameters of quartz crystal units. This method is based on separating the complicated circuits into subcircuits of a form that the EIA-512 procedure can reduce. Bond wire inductance and resistance and package capacitance have been included in this fashion. Once these elements have been extracted from the high-frequency, package parasitic resonance data, their effects are subtracted from the main resonance data by Z- and Y-parameter manipulations. Longitudinal modes can also be extracted in this manner. Two resonators that support the validity of the theory and assumptions are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rapid devolatilization and hydrogasification of pulverized coal (1974)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1974.
Mass Spectrometric Sequencing of Individual Peptides from Combinatorial Libraries via Specific Generation of Chain-Terminated Sequences (2001)

Combinatorial peptide libraries are a versatile tool for drug discovery. On-bead assays identify reactive peptides by enzyme-catalyzed staining and, usually, sequencing by Edman degradation. Unfortunately, the latter method is expensive and time-consuming and requires free N termini of the peptides. A method of rapid and unambiguous peptide sequencing by utilizing synthesis-implemented generation of termination sequences with subsequent matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometric analysis is introduced here. The required capped sequences are determined and optimized for a specific peptide library by a computer algorithm implemented in the program Biblio. A total of 99.7% of the sequences of a heptapeptide library sample could be decoded utilizing a single bead for each spectrum. To synthesize these libraries, an optimized capping approach has been introduced.
Characterization of a Genetic Element Carrying the Macrolide Efflux Gene <i>mef</i> (A) in <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2000)

The mef(A) gene from a clinical isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibiting the M-type resistance to macrolides was found to be part of the 7,244-bp chromosomal element Tn1207.1, which contained 8 open reading frames. orf2 encodes a resolvase/invertase, and orf5 is a homolog of the macrolide-streptogramin B resistance gene msr(SA).
Direct somatosensory projections from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus and telencephalon (1987)

Somatosensory input to the hypothalamus has been thought to ascend via an indirect, multisynaptic pathway. However, we have antidromically identified nociceptive spinal cord neurons that project directly to the lateral hypothalamus in rats. Retrograde tracers injected into the lateral hypothalamus labeled many spinal neurons bilaterally within the marginal zone, the lateral reticulated area, the lateral spinal nucleus, and the area surrounding the central canal. An anterograde tracer injected into these areas of the spinal cord labeled fibers and terminals in the lateral hypothalamus and, surprisingly, in a number of telencephalic areas. These findings demonstrate a direct somatosensory projection from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus and several telencephalic regions.
Fighting the Flu (1999)

How cost-effective is an across-the-board influenza vaccination? While it may seem like a wise option, Lisa Henderson questions the value of such a scheme in light of the contradictory information available
Filipin vs enzymatic localization of cholesterol in guinea pig, mink, and mallard duck testicular cells. (1994)

To test the validity of filipin cytochemistry for localization of cholesterol in testicular cells, we compared the results obtained by this technique with those obtained by a two-step enzymatic method involving cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase. In all the animals models tested (guinea pig, mink, and mallard duck) the disappearance of subsurface filaments along Sertoli cell junctional membranes was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of filipin-cholesterol complexes/microns 2 in these membranes. Enzyme histochemistry allowed localization of free cholesterol in the limiting membrane of multivesicular bodies, in membranes within lysosomes, in mitochondrial membranes, and in junctional membranes, with or without subsurface filaments. The method also permitted selective visualization of cholesterol esters in lipid droplets. We conclude that filipin mapping of cholesterol induces false-negative cytochemical results. The enzymatic method is superior to filipin because it allows localization of free cholesterol in junctional membranes and of cholesterol esters in lipid droplets. This compartmentalization of the compounds may represent the basis of a system that helps to maintain constant free cholesterol levels in the testis.
Apelin Increases Cardiac Contractility via Protein Kinase Cε- and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Mechanisms (2014)

Apelin increases cardiac contractility through parallel and independent activation of PKCε and ERK1/2 signaling in the adult rat heart. Additionally MLCK activation represents a downstream mechanism in apelin signaling. Our data suggest that, in addition to their role in cytoprotection, modest activation of PKCε and ERK1/2 signaling improve contractile function, therefore these pathways represent attractive possible targets in the treatment of heart failure.
Lack of Mutations in P450scc Gene (CYP11A) in Six Japanese Patients with Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia (1995)

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAN) results from deficient cholesterol side chain cleavage activity in both adrenal and gonadal mitochondria. Previous studies, however, have failed to disclose a defect in the P450scc gene in six patients studied to date.To investigate further a cause-and-effect relationship between a mutation in the P450scc gene and congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia phenotype, we studied the P450scc genes from five Japanese families, in which at least one member had the entity (six patients and 10 unaffected members), by direct sequencing of all the nine exons and by linkage analysis using restriction fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite polymorphism.No major rearrangement or minor mutation was found in the entire exonic sequences of the gene in the six patients. The particular copy of the P450scc gene as defined by the microsatellite polymorphism did not cosegregate with the disease in one informative family.We conclude that the primary lesion in congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia does not reside in the P450scc gene in most, if not all, of the patients.