gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arylpiperazinylalkylpyridazinones and Analogues as Potent and Orally Active Antinociceptive Agents:  Synthesis and Studies on Mechanism of Action (2006)

A number of arylpiperazinylalkylpyridazinones structurally related to the previously described lead A (5-{[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-propyl}-3-methyl-7-phenylisossazolo[4,5-d]pyridazin-4-(5H)-one) were synthesized and tested for their analgesic activity. Many of the tested molecules, at the dose of 20 mg kg-1 p.o., showed high antinociceptive activity, in particular, compounds 5a, 11c, 15a, 21 and 22, which were able to reduce the number of abdominal constrictions by more than 50% in writhing test. The pharmacological investigation of lead A led us to clarify the mechanism of action of this compound, showing that it carries out its analgesic action through the inhibition of reuptake of noradrenaline. The antinociception of some of the most interesting new molecules was completely prevented by pretreatment with alpha2-antagonist yohimbine, suggesting the involvement of alpha2-adrenoceptors, as with prototype A.
Pulsed anodic etching: An effective method of preparing light-emitting porous silicon (1996)

A pulsed anodic etching method is developed to prepare light-emitting porous silicon. Under the same equivalent etching condition, pulsed etching can yield a more uniform porous silicon film with stronger photoluminescence intensity than the film prepared by ordinary dc etching. The atomic force microscopic observation shows that the porous silicon surface prepared by pulsed etching contains more widely separated Si columns but with steeper sidewalls, which are believed to result in the improvement of quantum confinement. The thickness of pulse etched porous silicon film is found to be much larger than that of a dc etched sample.
A vivid model illustrating chiral recognition induced by achiral structures (1990)

If diastereomeric complexes are adsorbed on a surface or if they include a molecule of solvent, two points of attractive interaction between the chiral species of the complex can be sufficient for mutual chiral recognition of these species. In special cases even one single point of interaction is sufficient. This extension of the three-point contact rule of Dalgliesh, first observed in chiral ligand-exchange chromatography, can be demonstrated by using hands.
The electrostatic charging damage on the characteristics and reliability of polysilicon thin-film transistors during plasma hydrogenation (1997)

In this letter, the impacts of electrostatic charging damage on the characteristics and gate oxide integrity of polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFT's) during plasma hydrogenation were investigated. Hydrogen atoms can passivate trap states in the polysilicon channel, however, plasma processing induced the effect of electrostatic charging damages the gate oxide and the oxide/channel interface. The passivating effect of hydrogen atoms is hence antagonized by the generated interface states. TFT's with different area of antennas were used to study the damages caused by electrostatic field.
Signaling in Leukocyte Transendothelial Migration (2004)

The migration of leukocytes across the vascular endothelium is crucial for immunosurveillance as well as for inflammatory responses. Uncontrolled leukocyte transendothelial migration results in pathologies such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. The molecular mechanisms that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration involve signaling downstream of intracellular messengers such as cAMP, calcium, phosphoinositol lipids, or reactive oxygen species. Among these, cAMP is particularly intriguing because it is generated in both leukocytes and endothelial cells and regulates leukocyte chemotaxis as well as endothelial barrier function. In addition, physiological stimuli that induce cAMP production generate both pro- and antiinflammatory signals, underscoring the complexity of cAMP-driven signaling. This review discusses our current knowledge of the control of leukocyte transendothelial migration by two main cAMP effectors: protein kinase A and the Rap exchange factor Epac (Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP).
Comparison of accumulated allele loss between primary tumor and lymph node metastasis in stage II non-small cell lung carcinoma: implications for the timing of lymph node metastasis and prognostic value. (2002)

Although the Tumor-Node-Metastasis staging of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most effective predictor of survival, the clinical outcome of patients at each stage is variable on an individual case basis. We tested the value of incorporating information about the tumor heterogeneity of NSCLC into microsatellite allelotyping in a cohort of 48 node-positive stage II patients (T1N1M0 and T2N1M0). Microsatellite allelotyping involved microdissection of the invasive component of primary tumor and lymph node metastasis at multiple target sites followed by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis at specific regions on chromosomes 1p, 3p, 5q, 7q, 8q, 9p, 10q, 17p, and 18q using 16 markers. All microsatellites manifested LOH ranging from 44 to 76% in primary tumor and showed various degree of heterogeneity between primary tumor and lymph node metastasis. LOH on 3p and 5q in the lymph node metastases was associated significantly with shortened survival of the patients (P = 0.033 and 0.004, respectively), whereas no single LOH in the primary tumors showed association with prognosis. For the analysis of the accumulated load of allele loss, fractional allele loss (FAL) was calculated for each sample. The maximal FAL of lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that of primary tumor (P = 0.0015), possibly reflecting the early lymphatic spread. High maximal FAL of lymph node metastasis was significantly correlated with an adverse outcome (P = 0.012), whereas maximal FAL of primary tumor did not show any prognostic significance (P = 0.552). A composite mutational profile for each patient based on the allelotyping of the primary tumor and lymph node deposits may make a significant contribution to a more accurate prognosis of stage II NSCLC.
Modeling Automatic Link Establishment in HF networks (2015)

Most High Frequency (HF) communications systems deployed on the field today implement ALE (Automatic Link Establishment) techniques in order to help the end-user automatically set up a link with good properties. Two generations (so called 2G and 3G ALE) have been standardized since the 90s, and are today being revisited due to the emergence of wideband HF waveforms. In this paper, we model ALE protocols using an abstraction model based on Markov chains. Our model captures faster and more easily than simulations the main characteristics of the ALE processes and the interactions between their numerous parameters. In that sense, this model constitutes a useful tool to help design and benchmark future ALE strategies. In order to validate the model, classical ALE simulations have also been carried out, that show the high similarity obtained with the model. We also show how to exploit the model to give insights on the limitations of current 2G ALE, for instance on the handshake method and on the impact of frequency selection strategy on the ALE duration.
Nucleotide and dervied amino-acid sequence of a cDNA encoding a new mouse carbonic anhydrase (1990)

Journal Article Nucleotide and dervied amino-acid sequence of a cDNA encoding a new mouse carbonic anhydrase Get access Mounira Amor-Gueret, Mounira Amor-Gueret * Unité d'Immunogénétique and INSERM U.276, Institut Pasteur75724 Paris Cedex 15, France *To whom correspondence should be addressed at Bioprobe Systems. 26 bis. rue Kléber, 93100 Montreuil sous bois. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Matthieu Levi-Strauss Matthieu Levi-Strauss Unité d'Immunogénétique and INSERM U.276, Institut Pasteur75724 Paris Cedex 15, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 6, 25 March 1990, Page 1646, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.6.1646 Published: 25 March 1990 Article history Received: 31 January 1990 Published: 25 March 1990
Studies of the vitamin A transporting protein complex retinol-binding protein-transthyretin (1990)

Studies of the vitamin A transporting protein complex retinol-binding protein-transthyretin
Querying multiple document collections across the Internet (1998)

Information sources are available everywhere, both within the internal networks of organizations and on the Internet. The source contents are often hidden behind search interfaces and models that vary from source to source. Furthermore, these sources are usually numerous, and users cannot evaluate their queries over all of them. Consequently, it is crucial for users to have metasearchers, which are services that provide unified query interfaces to multiple information sources. Given a user query, the metasearcher first chooses the best sources to evaluate the query. Second, the metasearcher submits the query to these sources. Finally, the metasearcher merges the query results from the sources. To address the first task, we designed GlOSS, a scalable system that chooses the best document sources for a query. The GlOSS information about each source is orders of magnitude smaller than the source contents. To address the other two tasks above and to facilitate the extraction of the GlOSS i...
Neural preservation underlies speech improvement from auditory deprivation in young cochlear implant recipients (2018)

Although cochlear implantation enables some children to attain age-appropriate speech and language development, communicative delays persist in others, and outcomes are quite variable and difficult to predict, even for children implanted early in life. To understand the neurobiological basis of this variability, we used presurgical neural morphological data obtained from MRI of individual pediatric cochlear implant (CI) candidates implanted younger than 3.5 years to predict variability of their speech-perception improvement after surgery. We first compared neuroanatomical density and spatial pattern similarity of CI candidates to that of age-matched children with normal hearing, which allowed us to detail neuroanatomical networks that were either affected or unaffected by auditory deprivation. This information enables us to build machine-learning models to predict the individual children's speech development following CI. We found that regions of the brain that were unaffected by auditory deprivation, in particular the auditory association and cognitive brain regions, produced the highest accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity in patient classification and the most precise prediction results. These findings suggest that brain areas unaffected by auditory deprivation are critical to developing closer to typical speech outcomes. Moreover, the findings suggest that determination of the type of neural reorganization caused by auditory deprivation before implantation is valuable for predicting post-CI language outcomes for young children.
High speed (>13 GHz) modulation of 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) with tapered oxide confined layer (2005)

Improved oxide-implanted VCSELs utilising the tapered oxide layer are presented. The VCSELs exhibited similar static performance, but superior modulation bandwidth up to 13.2 GHz, compared with conventional blunt oxide VCSELs. The damping rate was reduced two times in the tapered oxide VCSEL and therefore enhanced the maximal modulation bandwidth. A very clean eye was demonstrated from the improved VCSEL with a rising time of 26 ps, falling time of 40 ps and jitter of less than 20 ps, operating at 10 Gbit/s with 6 mA bias and 6 dB extinction ratio. A comprehensive small signal measurement and analysis was conducted. Based on the equivalent circuit model, the extrinsic bandwidth limitation of the tapered oxide VCSELs was determined.
Maximum-Likelihood Methods for Processing Signals From Gamma-Ray Detectors (2009)

In any gamma-ray detector, each event produces electrical signals on one or more circuit elements. From these signals, we may wish to determine the presence of an interaction; whether multiple interactions occurred; the spatial coordinates in two or three dimensions of at least the primary interaction; or the total energy deposited in that interaction. We may also want to compute listmode probabilities for tomographic reconstruction. Maximum-likelihood methods provide a rigorous and in some senses optimal approach to extracting this information, and the associated Fisher information matrix provides a way of quantifying and optimizing the information conveyed by the detector. This paper will review the principles of likelihood methods as applied to gamma-ray detectors and illustrate their power with recent results from the Center for Gamma-ray Imaging.
The Epidemiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Disasters (2005)

Traumatic experiences are relatively common. More than two thirds of persons in the general population may experience a significant traumatic event at some point in their lives, and up to one fifth of people in the United States may experience such an event in any given year (1–5). Although comparable international data are limited, large proportions of populations in many countries have been exposed to terrorism, forced relocation, and violence, which suggests that the overall prevalence of exposure to traumatic events worldwide may be even higher than that in the United States (6, 7).

Disasters (e.g., floods, transportation accidents) are traumatic events that are experienced by many people and may result in a wide range of mental and physical health consequences (8). In one survey of US residents, 13 percent of the sample reported a lifetime exposure to natural or human-generated disaster (9). In the National Comorbidity Survey, 18.9 percent of men and 15.2 percent of women reported a lifetime experience of a natural disaster (4). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most commonly studied and probably the most frequent and debilitating psychological disorder that occurs after traumatic events and disasters (8, 10).

The growing threat of terrorism worldwide has heightened our awareness of disasters as a potentially important determinant of population health and suggests a pressing need both to identify key areas of consensus in postdisaster research and to highlight areas that require additional study (11). It is our purpose in this review to contribute to this overall goal by comprehensively and systematically assessing the epidemiologic evidence about PTSD after disasters.
The drag force on an American football (2003)

We have measured the drag coefficient on an American football oriented so that its major axis is pointed directly into the wind. The football was suspended from the top of a wind tunnel by bicycle spokes attached to small bearings. The results are similar to the drag coefficients reported by Rouse (1946) for the case of an ellipsoid with major diameter/minor diameter similar to the length/diameter for the football. The drag coefficient for a spinning football is slightly lower than that for a nonspinning football. Both are in the range of 0.05–0.06, about half the value assumed by Brancazio (1985), about one-third that reported by Rae and Streit (2002) and far smaller than that reported by Cunningham and Dowell (1976).
Nocodazole Inhibits Insulin-stimulated Glucose Transport in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via a Microtubule-independent Mechanism (2001)

Insulin stimulates glucose transport in adipocytes and muscle cells by triggering redistribution of the GLUT4 glucose transporter from an intracellular perinuclear location to the cell surface. Recent reports have shown that the microtubule-depolymerizing agent nocodazole inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose transport, implicating an important role for microtubules in this process. In the present study we show that 2 microm nocodazole completely depolymerized microtubules in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, as determined morphologically and biochemically, resulting in dispersal of the perinuclear GLUT4 compartment and the Golgi apparatus. However, 2 microm nocodazole did not significantly effect either the kinetics or magnitude of insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Consistent with previous studies, higher concentrations of nocodazole (10-33 microm) significantly inhibited basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. This effect was not likely the result of microtubule depolymerization because in the presence of taxol, which blocked nocodazole-induced depolymerization of microtubules as well as the dispersal of the perinuclear GLUT4 compartment, the inhibitory effect of 10-33 microm nocodazole on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake prevailed. Despite the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose transport with 33 microm nocodazole we did not observe inhibition of insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the cell surface under these conditions. Consistent with a direct effect of nocodazole on glucose transporter function we observed a rapid inhibitory effect of nocodazole on glucose transport activity when added to either 3T3-L1 adipocytes or to Chinese hamster ovary cells at 4 degrees C. These studies reveal a new and unexpected effect of nocodazole in mammalian cells which appears to occur independently of its microtubule-depolymerizing effects.
Type-Safe Dynamic Update Transaction (2007)

Dynamic software updating is critical for many systems that must provide continuous service. And Java language is gaining increasing popularity in developing distributed system. Most of previous works on updating concerns on safely update one class every time. It occur many limitations on updating classes, such as not allowing deleting method which is invoked in other class. In this paper, update transaction is purposed to dynamically update class set, and we also discuss some properties about it, such as ACID. Then the type-safety property is proven formally. This paper also proposes an implementation method to updating classes without changing JVM and Java program language. The method makes use of Java class loading mechanism and reflection mechanism. At the end of the paper, an experiment is made for analyzing.
Development and Evaluation of Controlled-Release Diclofenac Microspheres and Tabletted Microspheres (1994)

AbstractDiclofenac wax microspheres were prepared using the congealable dispersephase encapsulation method. Emulsifiers, glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and stearic acid, were added to improve the efficiency of emulsification. Microspheres containing either of the emulsifiers or both showed a high drug content (80–90%) and the particle size distribution was log-normal compared with microspheres without the emulsifiers. Increase in GMS concentration decreased the drug release and, in contrast, stearic acid appeared to channel the drug from the wax matrix. The addition of both emulsifiers at different concentrations modified drug release. Increase in dispersant (PVP) concentration, and decrease in microsphere size accelerated the rate of drug release. Higuchi/Baker Londsdale spherical matrix dissolution kinetics was followed. Disintegrating tableted microspheres were prepared with Avicel® and Explotab®. With the increase in compression pressure the crushing force and disintegrating time increased, but the thickness decreased, and the dissolution profile did not appear to be affected. Slightly faster release was noticed with tableted microspheres compared with that of uncompressed microspheres. Tablets containing 40 and 60% microsphere loadings had disintegration times of 5.12 ± 0.63 and 57.73 ± 3.53 min, respectively. In contrast, tablet formulation containing 80% microsphere load had a significant increase in disintegration time (130.83 ± 4.26 min). The dissolution from this formulation also showed a lag time of 30 min in contrast with the other two formulations, which showed no lag time. Increased microsphere size from 215 to 630 μm had no effect on tableting properties (such as hardness and thickness); and only very little effect on dissolution. The microspheres appeared deformed but intact irrespective of compression pressures on scanning electron micrographs.
Human leukemia K562 cells: induction to erythroid differentiation by guanine, guanosine and guanine nucleotides. (1997)

These findings suggest that guanine, guanosine and guanine ribonucleotides are inducers of erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. This is of some relevance since differentiating compounds have been proposed as antitumor agents. In addition, inducers of erythroid differentiation that stimulate gamma-globin synthesis might be considered in the experimental therapy of hematological diseases associated with a failure in the expression of adult beta-globin genes.
Weed Control and Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Response to Postemergence Applications of Atrazine, Pendimethalin, and Trifluralin<sup>1</sup> (2005)

Field studies were conducted from 2000 through 2002 to evaluate the effects of atrazine, pendimethalin, and trifluralin applied alone or in combination followed by cultivation when weeds and grain sorghum were less than 7 cm tall (early postemergence [EPOST]) or when weeds and grain sorghum were 10 to 15 cm tall (late postemergence [LPOST]). Atrazine plus pendimethalin applied EPOST caused 9 to 14% sorghum stunting all 3 yr while atrazine plus trifluralin applied EPOST caused 1 to 4% grain sorghum stunting. When applied LPOST, atrazine plus pendimethalin or trifluralin resulted in no greater than 3% stunting. Tumble pigweed was controlled at least 99% with atrazine plus pendimethalin or trifluralin applied EPOST or LPOST, whereas Texas panicum was controlled at least 97% with atrazine plus pendimethalin or trifluralin applied EPOST, and 76 to 100% with LPOST application. Sorghum yields were reduced with atrazine plus pendimethalin applied EPOST when compared with all herbicide combinations in one of 3 yr.Nomenclature: Atrazine; pendimethalin; trifluralin; tumble pigweed, Amaranthus albus L. #3 AMAAL; Texas panicum, Panicum texanum Buckl. # PANTE; grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. ‘DKS 54-00’, ‘Pioneer 8313’.Additional index words: Cultivation, crop tolerance, stunting, yield reduction.Abbreviations: EPOST, early postemergence; LPOST, late postemergence; WAP, weeks after planting.
Optimal illumination for three-image photometric stereo using sensitivity analysis (2006)

The optimal placement of the illumination for three-image photometric stereo acquisition of smooth and rough surface textures with respect to camera noise is derived and verified experimentally. The sensitivities of the scaled surface normal elements are derived and used to provide expressions for the noise variances. An overall figure of merit is developed by considering the image-based rendering (i.e. relighting) of Lambertian surfaces. This metric is optimised numerically with respect to the illumination angles. An orthogonal configuration was found to be optimal. With regard to constant slant, the optimal separation between the tilt angles of successive illumination vectors was found to be 120°. The optimal slant angle was found to be 90° for smooth surface textures and 55° for rough surface textures.
A model for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis that involves genome imprinting. (1989)

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (malignant pediatric tumors of striated muscle origin) have been shown to arise from cells that are clonally isodisomic for loci on chromosome 11p. We determined the parental origin of alleles in this genomic region in familial and sporadic cases of this disease and found that isodisomic chromosome 11p alleles in each tumor were of paternal origin. We have developed a modification of Knudson's two-hit model from these data that is capable of explaining the preferential allele retention and of resolving the apparent contradiction between such specific and early events in several embryonal tumors and discrepancies in the inheritance of predisposition in some of these diseases.