gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Affective Video Summarization and Story Board Generation Using Pupillary Dilation and Eye Gaze (2011)

We propose a semi-automated, eye-gaze based method for affective analysis of videos. Pupillary Dilation (PD) is introduced as a valuable behavioural signal for assessment of subject arousal and engagement. We use PD information for computationally inexpensive, arousal based composition of video summaries and descriptive story-boards. Video summarization and story-board generation is done offline, subsequent to a subject viewing the video. The method also includes novel eye-gaze analysis and fusion with content based features to discover affective segments of videos and Regions of interest (ROIs) contained therein. Effectiveness of the framework is evaluated using experiments over a diverse set of clips, significant pool of subjects and comparison with a fully automated state-of-art affective video summarization algorithm. Acquisition and analysis of PD information is demonstrated and used as a proxy for human visual attention and arousal based video summarization and story-board generation. An important contribution is to demonstrate usefulness of PD information in identifying affective video segments with abstract semantics or affective elements of discourse and story-telling, that are likely to be missed by automated methods. Another contribution is the use of eye-fixations in the close temporal proximity of PD based events for key frame extraction and subsequent story board generation. We also show how PD based video summarization can to generate either a personalized video summary or to represent a consensus over affective preferences of a larger group or community.
Suppression effects of multiple access interference in direct sequence/spread spectrum multiple access system by using partial correlation weight coefficient control techniques (1996)

Abstract This paper introduces a method for suppression of multiple access interference in the direct sequence/spread spectrum multiple access system (DS/SSMA). It is especially effective for the near‐far problem. When an integration period of cross correlation is divided into subintervals in the DS/SSMA system, the partial cross correlation values in the presence of noise and interference vary considerably from subinterval to subinterval. In the proposed system, allocating small weight coefficients to subintervals with large cross‐correlation values and large weight coefficients to subintervals with small cross‐correlation values results in considerable improvement in signal‐to‐noise ratio. Using this method, multiple access interference can be suppressed without knowing the PN sequences of other users. the principle of this system, a novel algorithm using partial correlation weight coefficient control techniques, will be illustrated with the help of computer simulations.
On-line fluorescent monitoring of the degradation of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering (2005)

Tissue engineering involves culturing, growing and assembling cells and newly generated matrix in polymeric scaffolds. To achieve a functional tissue in vitro, the cell-scaffold constructs are subjected to various stimulations during an incubation phase, which mimics the in vivo environment. In order to monitor the progression of tissue formation, there is a need for on-line and non-destructive methods of monitoring at the cellular and biomolecular level, for example, the assessment of scaffold degradation alongside the measure of matrix production. This study presents a proof of concept for monitoring scaffold degradation on-line within a culture environment. Using a mesoporous silica based approach, a pH sensitive fluorescent probe, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), was incorporated into degradable polymeric scaffolds made from poly(L-lactic acid) which has a slow degradation rate, and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) which has a rapid degradation rate. The fluorescent probe was incorporated into thin films and three dimensional porous scaffolds demonstrating the capabilities of monitoring on-line. Following incubation, the intensity of fluorescence in the rapidly degrading scaffolds reduced with culture time in comparison to slow degrading polymeric scaffolds when observed qualitatively using fluorescent microscopy. The relationship between pH and fluorescent intensity was assessed, and the use of this technique for monitoring by-products via the solid scaffold by microscopy or through culture medium by a luminescence spectrometer is discussed. This study demonstrates that endowing scaffolds with a sensing element could provide an on-line and non-destructive monitoring method for tissue engineering.
The adaptive lane-departure warning system (2003)

A vision-based lane-departure warning system which adapts the variation of brightness is developed in this paper. By sequentially applying the proposed processing techniques as lane strengthening, dichotomy, and smoothing filtering, an efficient decision rule is then applied to the processed image to realize the lane-departure warning system. Moreover, according to the variation of the brightness by reading the output of a photo-resistance sensor, the adaptive threshold for dichotomy is achieved. The present system effectively achieves real-time lane-departure warning with 10 decisions per second and 97.4% correct detection rate as driving angles varied larger than /spl plusmn/5/spl deg/ in the experiments.
Development of a decentralized and compact comfort ventilation system with highly efficient heat recovery for minimal invasive refurbishment of buildings (2014)

To ensure adequate indoor air quality, ventilation is necessary in new constructions as well as in modernized existing buildings. In order to minimize energy losses, ventilation systems with integrated heat recovery should be used. Particularly in building refurbishment, ventilation systems need to be designed as compact as possible, to allow a subsequent integration in the existing building stock. Ventilation systems in which one component is responsible for ventilation and simultaneously for heat recovery are well suited for this application area. Already existing systems like the Heat Recovery Centrifugal Fan (HRCF) have a systemic performance limitation regarding ventilation and heat recovery efficiency. These disadvantages still prevent the wide usage in building renovation.
Adipose differentiation-related protein and regulators of lipid homeostasis identified by gene expression profiling in the murine<i>db/db</i>diabetic kidney (2004)

We investigated the molecular basis of progressive diabetic renal injury in db/db mice by profiling kidney gene expression. Using high-density microarrays, we identified 482 RNA transcripts differentially expressed in 8-wk db/db vs. nondiabetic db/m kidneys, a time characterized by hyperglycemia but by little renal histopathology. By 16 wk significant mesangial expansion had developed. Sixteen-week db/db kidneys differentially expressed 639 RNA transcripts. Diabetic kidneys specifically expressed several genes normally found in adipocytes, including adipocyte differentiation-regulated protein (ADRP; or adipophilin in humans). ADRP mRNA was specifically upregulated 5.4-fold in 16-wk db/db kidneys. This finding was confirmed at the protein level by Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry localized ADRP diffusely to tubular epithelium throughout the cortex. ADRP is a perilipin family protein that forms lipid storage vesicles and controls triglyceride utilization; we showed that accumulation of lipid storage droplets correlated with the magnitude and localization of ADRP in db/db kidneys. Other genes involved in lipid transport, oxidation, and storage were differentially regulated in db/db kidneys, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha) has been shown to regulate their expression in adipocytes. In our experiments, PPAR alpha mRNA was elevated in db/db diabetic kidneys, and PPAR alpha protein was upregulated in glomeruli, cortical tubules, and renal arterial vessels of db/db mice. In conclusion, these studies furnish new RNA-based data for mechanistic investigation into renal injury in the diabetic kidney and identify a switch of kidney phenotype in favor of lipid accumulation in diabetic kidney.
A theoretical characterization of the multihop wireless communications channel with diversity (2002)

This paper provides a theoretical characterization of the multihop wireless communications channel with diversity, wherein intermediate terminals relay information employing spatial diversity techniques. Two channel models are proposed and developed: one where each intermediate terminal combines, digitally decodes, and re-encodes the received signals from all preceding terminals and the other where each intermediate terminal simply combines and amplifies the received signals from all preceding terminals. These models are compared, through analysis and simulations, with the single-hop reference channel on the basis of probability of outage and probability of error. Both models achieve significant gains over the single-hop reference channel, with the amplified relaying model outperforming the decoded relaying model despite noise propagation.
Polybutadiene Modified by Addition of Thiols Containing Polar Groups (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolybutadiene Modified by Addition of Thiols Containing Polar GroupsC. S. Marvel, K. G. Clarke, H. K. Inskip, W. K. Taft, and B. G. LabbeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 9, 2090–2093Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50525a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50525a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Hydrate Inhibition of Subsea Jumpers During Shut-in (2006)

Abstract Flow assurance plans typically call for flushing subsea well/manifold jumpers with methanol to displace and inhibit any water accumulated in the jumper and to prevent the formation of hydrate blockages during shutdown. This paper presents the results of experiments that were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of methanol injection and gas purging on removing and inhibiting water in a jumper. Variables in the test program included different water cuts and gas volume fractions in the jumper, the methanol injection rate, gas purge flow rates, oil properties, and the jumper inclination angle. The tests showed that methanol injection rates, over 88 gpm (20 m3/hr), were required to sweep all of the water out of the 6.0" (15.24 cm) diameter horizontal jumper, but even at lower rates, 22 gpm to 44 gpm (5 m3/hr to 10 m3/hr), large amounts of water were removed. Inclining the jumper at angles from horizontal (up to ±5°) reduced the amount of water remaining in the jumper at the end of a methanol flush. Even at relatively low methanol injection rates, most of the water could be removed from an inclined jumper. Gas purge rates with superficial velocities in excess of 30 ft/sec (9.1 m/sec) were required to sweep all of the water from a horizontal jumper. Inclining the jumper to −5° from horizontal (fluid flowing downhill) significantly increased the amount of liquid removed from the jumper compared to the horizontal orientation. The test results will be used to determine the design parameters required to prevent hydrate formation in deepwater jumpers. They will help define field requirements for methanol pump size, pump power, umbilical size, methanol storage requirements, and aid in the development of effective hydrate prevention strategies while minimizing platform requirements for space, weight, and power.
A new crystalline form of 30 S ribosomal subunits from <i>Thermus thermophilus</i> (1988)

A new crystalline form of 30 S ribosomal subunits from an extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus has been obtained. Positively stained ultrathin sections of the crystals have been analysed by electron microscopy. The crystals show X‐ray diffraction to about 12 Å resolution in a synchroton beam at 0°C.
Suppression of side lobes in the far field of AlGaAs DH stripe lasers by a Te facet coating (1979)

Side lobes observed in the far-field distribution parallel to the junction plane of DH AlGaAs stripe-geometry lasers can be suppressed by a self-aligned facet masking process. A hole, burnt into a Te coating by the laser emission, allows only the main lobe emission to pass. The result supports the attribution of side lobes to refraction tails in the near field typical of a negative refractive index step wave guide as discussed in a previous paper [see R. W. Engelmann, D. Kerps, and F. Nunes, IEEE Quantum Electron. (to be published)].
Stretching of PET films under constant load. II. Structural analysis (1990)

Abstract The structure development of a PET film is studied during drawings under constant load. The evolution of crystallinity, amorphous orientation, and axial and planar birefringences is described along a deformation path. The influence of the stretching force and stretching temperature is also analysed.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF BOVINE CYTOKINE mRNA LEVELS IN RESPONSE TO TICK INFESTATION (2006)

Ticks cause economic losses to animal production in the order of billions of dollars annually (Horn, 1983). Alternatives for the control of these disease vectors are urgently needed due to the lack of efficacy and safety of the current methods that rely on chemicals (Pruett, 1999). Infestations with this parasite affect host immune responses, including several cytokines produced by T cells. The T cells, can be divided in T
Propositional Dynamic Logic of looping and converse (1981)

Propositional Dynamic Logic can be extended to include both an infinitary iteration construct delta and a backtracking construct converse. The resulting logic does not satisfy the finite model property, but is nevertheless elementarily decidable. In order to establish this decidability result, deterministic two-way automata on infinite trees are defined and shown to be reducible to nondeterministic one-way automata on infinite trees. The decision procedure suggests a nonstandard semantics for the extended logic for which the finite model property does hold.
The blood–brain barrier and perivascular cells (1997)

Abstract This chapter discusses the blood-brain (BBB) barrier and perivascular cells. The BBB is a dynamic and complex interface between blood and brain enabling an optimal internal environment for neurons and glial cells. It is uncertain if cytokines enter the brain from the blood. Whatever the signaling mechanisms, it is clear that peripheral cytokines can influence the brain and that cytokines can be released by microglia and other cells, including brain endothelial cells, thereby enhancing passage of leukocytes and macrophages into the brain. The role of neutrophils and macrophages in the pathomechanism of the BBB alteration, edema formation, and cell damage in meningitis, trauma, and vascular lesions needs further evaluation.
Circulating RANKL is inversely related to RANKL mRNA levels in bone in osteoarthritic males (2008)

This is the first report to show a relationship between serum RANKL and the expression of RANKL mRNA in bone.
<i>The Elements of Nuclear Reactor Theory</i> (1954)

Keywords: REACTEUR NUCLEAIRE ; REACTEUR HOMOGENE ; ENERGIE NUCLEAIRE ; FISSION NUCLEAIRE ; NEUTRONS Note: Index Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
Speeding up model checking by exploiting explicit and hidden verification constraints (2009)

Constraints represent a key component of state-of-the-art verification tools based on compositional approaches and assume-guarantee reasoning. In recent years, most of the research efforts on verification constraints have focused on defining formats and techniques to encode, or to synthesize, constraints starting from the specification of the design. In this paper, we analyze the impact of constraints on the performance of model checking tools, and we discuss how to effectively exploit them. We also introduce an approach to explicitly derive verification constraints hidden in the design and/or in the property under verification. Such constraints may simply come from true design constraints, embedded within the properties, or may be generated in the general effort to reduce or partition the state space. Experimental results show that, in both cases, we can reap benefits for the overall verification process in several hard-to-solve designs, where we obtain speed-ups of more than one order of magnitude.
Effects of Synthesis Conditions on Self‐Organized Growth of Aligned Arrays of Silicon Nanowires (2006)

The effects of CVD synthesis conditions, including nanochannel alumina (NCA) properties, catalyst distribution, and growth parameters on aligned arrays of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are investigated. Array‐ordered SiNWs are achieved by optimizing the above factors according to the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) and nanochannel physical limitation mechanism. The study of arrays of SiNWs will permit better understanding of the growth mechanism and develop potential applications in nanoelectronics technology.
Regulating type 1 IFN effects in CD8 T cells during viral infections: changing STAT4 and STAT1 expression for function (2012)

Type 1 IFNs can conditionally activate all of the signal transducers and activators of transcription molecules (STATs), including STAT4. The best-characterized signaling pathways use STAT1, however, and type 1 IFN inhibition of cell proliferation is STAT1 dependent. We report that type 1 IFNs can basally stimulate STAT1- and STAT4-dependent effects in CD8 T cells, but that CD8 T cells responding to infections of mice with lymphocytic choriomenigitis virus have elevated STAT4 and lower STAT1 expression with significant consequences for modifying the effects of type 1 IFN exposure. The phenotype was associated with preferential type 1 IFN activation of STAT4 compared with STAT1. Stimulation through the TCR induced elevated STAT4 expression, and STAT4 was required for peak expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells, low STAT1 levels, and resistance to type 1 IFN-mediated inhibition of proliferation. Thus, a mechanism is discovered for regulating the consequences of type 1 IFN exposure in CD8 T cells, with STAT4 acting as a key molecule in driving optimal antigen-specific responses and overcoming STAT1-dependent inhibition of proliferation.
High Power Density Electrochemical Thermocells for Inexpensively Harvesting Low‐Grade Thermal Energy (2017)

Continuously operating thermo-electrochemical cells (thermocells) are of interest for harvesting low-grade waste thermal energy because of their potentially low cost compared with conventional thermoelectrics. Pt-free thermocells devised here provide an output power of 12 W m<sup>-2</sup> for an interelectrode temperature difference (ΔT) of 81 °C, which is sixfold higher power than previously reported for planar thermocells operating at ambient pressure.
Copolymers as Flow Improvers for Mexican Crude Oils (2008)

A series of copolymers derived from styrene (S), n-butyl acrylate (BuA), and vinyl acetate (VA) monomers were prepared by emulsion polymerization to improve some physical properties of Mexican crude oils (MCOs). Once obtained, the copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Later, they were dissolved in toluene and were added to both light and heavy MCOs; the pour point temperature and apparent viscosity of these mixtures were carefully evaluated. Results indicate that styrene and vinyl acetate (SVA) copolymers show a good pour point depressant performance for both types of crude oils. The apparent viscosity dependence on temperature for light and heavy crude oils, mixed with copolymers, was also established. It was observed that, in general, the addition of copolymers decreases the apparent viscosity of both light and heavy crude oils above 35 °C.
Farnesoid X Receptor Ligands Inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation and Migration (2007)

Our observations suggest that a FXR-SHP pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for vascular inflammation, remodeling, and atherosclerotic plaque stability.
Power smoothing of doubly fed induction generator wind turbines (2008)

The output power of wind turbines fluctuates due to wind speed variations. These power fluctuations make the wind power undispatchable, causing frequency deviations and power outage when wind power penetration is significant. Energy storage devices such as batteries, ultracapacitors, super inductors and flywheels can be utilized in a hybrid system to solve this problem. Although these methods are effective but adding a significant additional cost to the system. This paper presents a selective control method to mitigate the power fluctuations using rotor inertia as an energy storage component. Therefore, the additional energy storage system is not required. Simulation results are performed on doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) using PSCAD software.
Polyolefin Wax Modification Improved Characteristics of Nutrient Release from Biopolymer-Coated Phosphorus Fertilizers (2019)

Coating fertilizer is an effective approach to increase the fertilizer use efficiency and reduce fertilizer application rate. However, only a few studies have focused on coating phosphorus (P) fertilizer, especially diammonium phosphate (DAP) due to its irregular shape and high specific surface area. A novel and low-cost strategy centered on wax-based surface modification and bio-based polymer coating was applied to improve the nutrient characteristics of coated DAP (CDAP). Regular DAP was modified with polyolefin wax and then coated with polyurethanes prepared from castor oil. Experimental results indicated that wax modification significantly decreased the specific surface area, angle of repose of DAP particles, increased the particle hardness, and then facilitated the formation of biopolymer-based coating. The CDAP from wax-modified DAP had better controlled-release performance compared with that from normal DAP. Findings from this study indicate that wax modification can be used as an effective technology to prepare highly efficient controlled-release P fertilizers.