gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anionic ring-opening polymerization of thiolactones (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnionic ring-opening polymerization of thiolactonesCharles G. Overberger and Jurgen K. WeiseCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 13, 3533–3537Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01015a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01015a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1230Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Perceptual vowel space for Australian English lax vowels: 1988 and 2004 (2004)

This paper examines changes in the perception of Australian English lax vowels between 1988 and 2004. In each of the years 1988 and 2004, 20 phonetically-trained native speakers of Australian English were presented with 224 different randomised, synthesised hVd tokens. The vowels differed according to their F1 and F2 values (all possible multiples of 100 Hz within a designated male vowel space). Half the vowels were long vowels (300 ms) and the other half were short vowels (150 ms). Subjects were given a forced-choice closed set task. They were told to concentrate on the vowel in each token and to label it with the symbol for the closest Australian English vowel phoneme. The responses for the short vowel plane were then plotted on a vowel perceptual contour map in F1/F2 formant space. Visual examination of the two resulting maps revealed apparent changes in the perceptual boundaries between all adjacent pairs of lax vowels. χ analysis of 1988 versus 2004 responses for each vowel at each data point on the vowel space revealed significant changes in perceptual patterns at the perceptual boundaries between four pairs of adjacent vowels (/I/ and /e/, /e/ and /{/, /{/ and /V/, /Q/ and /U/). Both an independent samples t-test and a MANOVA test examined the pattern of subject response means for each vowel and showed a significant change in the mean response between 1988 and 2004 for /{/, /V/ and /Q/.
Scale Effects in the Dynamic Transfer Functions for Cavitating Inducers (1982)

Dynamic transfer functions for two cavitating inducers of the same geometry but different size are presented, compared, and discussed. The transfer functions for each inducer indicate similar trends as the cavitation number is decreased. The nondimensional results for the two sizes are compared with themselves and with theoretical calculations based on the Bubbly Flow Model (reference [2]). All three sets of results compare well and lend further credance to the theoretical model. The best values of the two parameters in the model (K and M) are evaluated and recommended for use in applications.
Adaptive threshold-based scheduling for real-time and non-real-time traffic (2003)

A study on scheduling mixed real-time and nonreal-time traffic is presented. The work is motivated by the need to provide satisfactory performance tradeoffs in a dynamic load condition where the arrival rates and proportions of the real-time and nonreal-time packets vary with time. The authors first examine two threshold-based schemes, queue length threshold and minimum early threshold, and propose the corresponding adaptive schemes based on results from approximate analysis and simulation. The idea is to improve performance by adjusting tradeoff points adaptively as the arrival rates change. The authors further discuss the idea of integrating the two thresholds. The new algorithm ADP, is evaluated by simulation under various load conditions and compared with other common scheduling disciplines as well as an optimal offline algorithm. It is concluded that, by setting appropriate threshold functions in accordance with the requirements of applications, one can achieve satisfactory bounded loss ratio for real-time packets and acceptably low average delay for nonreal-time packets in a wide range of workload conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of glycine on isolated, perfused rabbit livers following 48-hour preservation in University of Wisconsin solution without glutathione (1994)

Abstract Glycine has been shown to decrease membrane injury in isolated cells due to hypoxia or cold ischemia. The mechanisms of action of glycine are not known, but glycine may be useful in organ preservation solutions or in treating recipients of liver transplantation. In this study the isolated, perfused rabbit liver was used to measure how glycine affected liver performance after 48-h preservation in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution without added glutathione. UW solution is less effective for 48-h liver preservation when glutathione is omitted. Rabbit livers stored for 48 h without glutathione show a large increase in enzyme release (LDH and AST) from the liver and a reduction in bile production. The addition of 15 mM glycine to UW solution, in place of glutathione, did not improve bile production or reduce enzyme release. However, infusion of 10 mM glycine into the reperfused liver lowered LDH release significantly (from 2383 ± 562 units/100 g to 1426 ± 286 units/100 g) during the initial reperfusion of the 48-h preserved liver. Hepatamine, a parenteral nutrition solution containing glycine, as well as other amino acids, was also effective in lowering LDH release from the preserved liver. Although glycine reduced LDH release, it did not decrease the amount of AST released from the liver, nor did it improve bile production. Thus, we conclude that glycine, either in UW solution or given to the liver upon reperfusion, has no significantly beneficial effect as tested in this model. Further testing of glycine, however, should be conducted in an orthotopic transplant model in the rat or dog.
Microgating carbon nanotube field emitters by <i>in situ</i> growth inside open aperture arrays (2002)

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were grown using chemical vapor deposition inside small apertures having a horizontal gate and a sidewall insulator spacer. Emission currents up to 140 nA per cell at 63 V have been obtained. These arrays have exhibited a gate current as low as 2.5% of the anode current throughout the entire gate voltage range, representing the lowest gate to anode current ratio of gated nanotube emitters reported to date. We attribute this feature to the emitter geometry and method of fabrication. The overall fabrication method required only a few and simple processing steps.
Potential Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Pronuclear Envelope Assembly and Disassembly Following Fertilization of Mouse Eggs1 (1995)

Changes in the activities of the p34cdc2/cyclin B complex and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase were analyzed after insemination of mouse eggs in vitro. Whereas histone H1 kinase activity (p34cdc2/cyclin B) fell to negligible levels by 90 min postinsemination, a decrease to negligible levels of myelin basic protein kinase activity (i.e., MAP kinase) was not observed until about 7 h postinsemination. The decrease in MAP kinase activity appeared to be linked to the prior decline in p34cdc2/cyclin B kinase activity, since inhibiting the fertilization-induced destruction of cyclin B by treating eggs with the microtubule inhibitor nocodazole prevented the decrease in each of these protein kinases; an intact spindle is required for cyclin destruction. Moreover, experimental elevation of MAP kinase activity by okadaic acid treatment under conditions that maintain negligible levels of p34cdc2/cyclin B kinase activity suggested that MAP kinase could be involved in pronuclear envelope dynamics. Specifically, preventing the fertilization-induced decrease in MAP kinase activity was correlated with inhibiting pronucleus formation, and elevating MAP kinase activity subsequent to pronucleus formation resulted in precocious pronuclear envelope breakdown prior to entry into M phase.
Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases: Target for drug development (1988)

Abstract Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases catalyze the hydrolysis of 3′,5′ cyclic nucleotides to the corresponding nucleoside 5′ monophosphates. Multiple forms of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase have been identified in both the cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle from various species. These isozymes differ in apparent molecular mass, chromatographic properties, substrate specificity, immunologic reactivity, sensitivity to inhibitors, and mode of regulation. The phosphodiesterases play important roles in the regulation of cyclic nucleotide concentrations, which in turn mediate cellular responses to a variety of biological stimuli. The development of phosphodiesterase inhibitors to increase intracellular cyclic nucleotide levels represents an important pharmacological approach to the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases.
Carbon electrodeposition in molten salts: electrode reactions and applications (2014)

Carbon dioxide can be electrochemically reduced to carbon in molten carbonate salts, promising affordable energy, materials and environmental explorations.
SmellSheet detective: A tool for detecting bad smells in spreadsheets (2012)

This tool demo paper presents SmellSheet Detective: a tool for automatically detecting bad smells in spreadsheets. We have defined a catalog of bad smells in spreadsheet data which was fully implemented in a reusable library for the manipulation of spreadsheets. This library is the building block of the SmellSheet Detective tool, that has been used to detect smells in large, real-world spreadsheets within the EUSES corpus, in order to validate and evolve our bad smells catalog.
BEHAVIORAL MUTANTS OF <i>DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER</i>. I. ISOLATION AND MAPPING OF MUTATIONS WHICH DECREASE FLIGHT ABILITY (1977)

A flight test box was developed and used in the isolation and initial characterization of Drosophila melanogaster mutants defective in flight behavior. Forty-eight mutants were isolated from F(1) progeny of ethyl methanesulfonate-treated males. Genetic mapping and complementation tests show that the mutations reside at thirty-four different sites on the X chromosome. Different mutants show different degrees of flight ability compared to controls. Forty-six mutations are recessive, while two appear to be semi-dominant with respect to flight behavior. In addition to flight defects, five mutants have visible defects, five behave as temperature-sensitive lethals and three exhibit abnormal electro-retinograms. Alleles of each of the previously known behavioral mutations, Hyperkinetic, ether à go-go and Shaker were found. Preliminary studies also suggest that the flight behavioral phenotype of mutations at seven sites is affected by the temperature at which the flies develop.
[Village resident nourishment of Hebei investigates with health condition]. (2006)

The prevalence of overweight, obese, hypertension and abnormal blood lipids in adult population of rural Hebei Province were higher than the average levels in whole country. Sufficient attention should be paid to nutrition diet, heath and some chronic diseases related to nutrition in rural residents, the dietary guidance and nutrition interference need to strengthen and ensure people health.
Orthotics : clinical pratice and rehabilitation technology (1995)

Basic Principles of Orthotics and Rehabilitation. Lower Limb Orthotics. Foot Orthoses and Prescription Shoes. Spinal Orthoses. Upper Limb Orthoses. Orthotic Management of Children. Wheelchairs. Adaptive Driving Modifications. Adaptations in and to the Home Environment. Environmental Control for Persons with Disabilities. Eponymic Orthoses and Orthotic Terminology.
The prevalence of psychological disturbance in neurootology outpatients (1991)

This study assesses the prevalence of psychological disturbance among a consecutive series of 120 neuro-otology outpatients, using a structured interview conducted by a clinical psychologist. 42% of all patients were found to be in need of, and were offered, psychological help (27% of those with hearing loss, 45% of those with tinnitus and 64% of those with dizziness). 86% of those offered psychological help accepted it. Current psychological distress was associated with the number of symptoms complained of and past psychiatric history. Patients completed the General Health Questionnaire which was found to have a sensitivity rate of 82% and a specificity rate of 87% in this setting. Physicians were also asked to rate patients' psychological state; close agreement was found between these ratings and those of a psychologist. The contribution of psychological assessment of neuro-otology patients is discussed.
The Forefoot-to-Rearfoot Plantar Pressure Ratio Is Increased in Severe Diabetic Neuropathy and Can Predict Foot Ulceration (2002)

Both the rearfoot and forefoot pressures are increased in the diabetic neuropathic foot, whereas the F/R ratio is increased only in severe diabetic neuropathy, indicating an imbalance in pressure distribution with increasing degrees of neuropathy. This may lend further evidence toward the concept that equinus develops in the latest stages of peripheral neuropathy and may play an important role in the etiology of diabetic foot ulceration.
A Linkage Study of Bipolar Illness (1997)

Our results imply that a BP susceptibility gene exists near the centromere of chromosome 18. Confirmation of this finding (by independent investigators studying different pedigrees) has been published, suggesting that a valid BP disease linkage may have been discovered.
Combining Focus Measure Operators to Predict OCR Accuracy in Mobile-Captured Document Images (2014)

Mobile document image acquisition is a new trend raising serious issues in business document processing workflows. Such digitization procedure is unreliable, and integrates many distortions which must be detected as soon as possible, on the mobile, to avoid paying data transmission fees, and losing information due to the inability to re-capture later a document with temporary availability. In this context, out-of-focus blur is major issue: users have no direct control over it, and it seriously degrades OCR recognition. In this paper, we concentrate on the estimation of focus quality, to ensure a sufficient legibility of a document image for OCR processing. We propose two contributions to improve OCR accuracy prediction for mobile-captured document images. First, we present 24 focus measures, never tested on document images, which are fast to compute and require no training. Second, we show that a combination of those measures enables state-of-the art performance regarding the correlation with OCR accuracy. The resulting approach is fast, robust, and easy to implement in a mobile device. Experiments are performed on a public dataset, and precise details about image processing are given.
Dietary Pigmentation and Deposition of α‐Tocopherol and Carotenoids in Rainbow Trout Muscle and Liver Tissue (1999)

ABSTRACT Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed diets supplemented with canthaxanthin, oleoresin paprika and α‐tocopherol. Canthaxanthin was more efficiently absorbed (3.8–7.9 mg/kg) in the flesh of rainbow trout than the paprika carotenoids (2.4–3.1 mg/kg). With increased pigmentation, decrease in lightness (L*) and hue angle, and increase in redness (a*) of the muscle were observed. Canthaxanthin produced more desirable reddish‐pink color. Deposition of α‐tocopherol in liver and muscle tissue increased with increase in dietary α‐tocopheryl acetate. Fish receiving lower α‐tocopheryl acetate reached maximum deposition levels earlier than those fed higher levels. There was no effect of α‐tocopherol and carotenoid levels on muscle fatty acid composition.
Characterization of the thyroid hormone transport system of isolated hepatocytes. (1988)

Transport of 3,5-[3'-125I]triiodo-L-thyronine ([125I]T3) was studied in isolated rat liver hepatocytes. T3 transport was temperature-sensitive, the initial velocity of uptake, at low substrate concentration, was 60 times higher at 25 degrees C than at 0 degrees C. The activation energy of cellular uptake (26 kcal/mol) was different from that of binding to cytosolic proteins (6 kcal/mol), indicating that the latter was not the rate-limiting step. Uptake obeyed simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with an apparent Km of 0.34 microM and a Vmax of 0.15 fmol/min/cell at 25 degrees C. No simple diffusion occurred. Unlabeled T3, L-thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodo-D-thyronine, and triiodothyroacetic acid inhibited T3 uptake with Kl values of 0.32, 1.4, 4.1, and 5.4 microM, respectively, indicating specificity of uptake which was different from specificity of intracellular binding sites. [125I]T4 was also taken up by a saturable process (Km = 0.65 microM and Vmax = 0.16 fmol/min/cell at 25 degrees C). T3 was a better competitor than T4 for the uptake of [125I]T4, indicating that both hormones were taken up by the same carrier system. Metabolic inhibitors had either no effect on T3 uptake or inhibitory effects unrelated to cellular ATP depletion. Uptake was not affected by modification of the membrane potential or the sodium ion gradient. T3 and T4 uptake was pH-dependent. It is suggested that the un-ionized 4'-OH form of the hormones was preferentially taken up. Inhibition of uptake by various compounds was compared to inhibition of thyroid hormone binding to transthyretin, nuclear receptor, and cytosolic-binding proteins. We conclude that, in freshly isolated hepatocytes, thyroid hormones are taken up by a saturable, stereospecific, Na+-independent carrier system.
Patient-oriented outcome assessment after temporal lobectomy for refractory epilepsy (1999)

Our findings support a positive affect of ATL on patient concerns and HRQOL in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, although longitudinal studies are needed to corroborate these results. Mood, employment, driving ability, and AED use are important postoperative predictors of HRQOL.
Expression patterns of neuroendocrine cells in the duck thymus (2008)

The expression patterns of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),gastrin(Gas),β-endorphin(End),somatostatin(SS),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP),glucagon(Glu) and neuropeptide Y(NPY)-positive cells in the duck thymus were studied by the immunohistochemical method associated with image analysis.The result shows that these 7 kinds of neuroendocrine cells with strong intensity were differentially detected in the duck thymus.The End-positive cells were abundantly expressed in the thymic cortex,whereas the Gas,5-HT,SS,VIP,Glu and NPY ones were more frequent in the medullary and around the corticomedullary junction.Except Glu,the other 6 kinds of neuroendocrine substances with various intensity were expressed in the cells of thymic corpuscles.The observation demonstrated that the duck thymus is not only a primary lymphatic organ,but also has important neuroendocrine functions.The End-positive cells in the thymus may play crucial roles in the development of immature T-lymphocytes.The neuroendocrine cells with a predominant distribution in the medulla and around the corticomedullary junction might facilitate exerting their influence via an endocrine,autocrine or paracrine pathways on the function of mature T-cells.The possible roles of thymic corpuscles are also discussed.
Expression of recombinant <i>Renilla</i> luciferase in transgenic plants results in high levels of light emission (1995)

A 970 bp DNA fragment which encodes the luciferase enzyme of the marine soft coral Renilla reniformis was fused to the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) promoter. The construct pPCV702‐ruc was transferred into alfalfa protoplasts by Ca‐PEG‐mediated transformation and into tobacco, tomato and potato plants by Agrobacterium ‐mediated transformation. The light emission from homogenates of alfalfa protoplasts transformed with pPCV702‐ruc was 16‐fold higher than that of protoplasts transformed with the same vector carrying the bacterial luxF gene. Application of a 3 µM aequous solution of 2‐benzyl luciferin (luciferin) on to calli, leaves, roots and slices of tomato fruits and potato tubers of transformed plants resulted in strong light emission within seconds which could be easily visualized by a photon counting camera. Light emissions obtained from tissue homogenates of tobacco plants containing a single copy of the pPCV702‐ruc construct were around 20‐fold higher than those from plants carrying multiple copies of the firefly luciferase gene and around 360‐fold higher than those from plants transformed with the bacterial luciferase gene. Owing to its high efficiency the Renilla luciferase may become a useful and novel tool for gene expression studies in plants and other systems.
<i>L</i>-Tryptophan Administration in <i>L</i>-Dopa-Induced Hallucinations in Elderly Parkinsonian Patients (1977)

L-tryptophan (L-T) was added at a dose of 150–450 mg daily to eight Parkinsonian patients who developed visual hallucinations with paranoidal features under L-dopa (L-D) treatment (112.5–75 mg daily) in combination with α-methyldopa hydrazine (12.5–75 mg daily). In six patients L-T ameliorated the symptomatology by arresting the visual paranoidal hallucinations or diminishing their frequency and relieving the psychomotor agitation. As a ‘side effect’, L-T produced new ‘pleasurable’, ‘LSD-like’ visual images in three patients. In two patients, in whom L-T did not affect the mental disturbances, amelioration was obtained only by phenothiazines. Theoretical considerations on the role of dopamine in the genesis of visual hallucinations and mental disturbances emphasizes the benefit of L-T administration in this ‘organo-mental’ syndrome.