gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced Frame Rate Conversion and Performance Evaluation (2006)

A growing need for high-quality video frame rate conversion methods exists, such as those offered by motion-compensated frame interpolation (MCFI). However, with MCFI inaccurate motion trajectories may cause visible artifacts. An advanced MCFI-based frame rate converter has been developed that uses image segmentation, object-based motion field processing, and a method for measuring motion reliability. It is able to accurately estimate true motion trajectories and process motion occlusion well, producing high-quality frames with smooth motion. In this paper, the methods, algorithms, and techniques used in this advanced frame rate converter are first described. Then, objective and subjective performance comparisons are conducted between the proposed frame rate converter and four other frame rate converters.
Facile Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene Foam/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Composites and Their Potential Application as Strain Sensor (2014)

A three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam (GF)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) composite was fabricated by infiltrating PDMS into 3D GF, which was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with nickel foam as template. The electrical properties of the GF/PDMS composite under bending stress were investigated, indicating the resistance of the GF/PDMS composite was increased with the bending curvature. To improve the bending sensitivity of the GF/PDMS composite, a thin layer of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was introduced as substrate to form double-layer GF/PDMS-PET composite, whose measurements showed that the resistance of the GF/PDMS-PET composite was still increased when bended to the side of PET, whereas its resistance would be decreased when bended to the side of GF. For both cases, the absolute value of the relative variation of electrical resistance was increased with the bending curvature. More importantly, the relative variation of electrical resistance for double-layer GF/PDMS-PET composite can be up to six times higher than single-layer GF/PDMS composite for the same bending curvature. These observations were further supported by the principle of mechanics of material. The 3D GF/PDMS-PET composite also has higher flexibility and environment stability and can be utilized as a strain sensor with high sensitivity, which can find important applications in real-time monitoring of buildings, such as a bridge, dam, and high-speed railway.
Dimethyl phosphorothioate and phosphoroselenoate ionic liquids as solvent media for cellulosic materials (2011)

A series of novel ionic liquids comprising two asymmetric phosphate-derived anions, namely dimethyl phosphorothioate and dimethyl phosphoroselenoate, and several imidazolium and non-imidazolium-based cations was prepared via a facile synthetic route. Thermal degradation was studied by dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealing a slightly higher stability of the imidazolium ionic liquids and an overall low thermal stability for the phosphoroselenoate salts. Long-term moisture sorption analysis showed correlation with the polarity of the cation and differences in absorption and desorption kinetics. Finally, a Eucalyptus globulus kraft paper grade pulp was dissolved and subsequently regenerated to assess the degradation of the various molecular weight fractions by size exclusion chromatography. In addition, pre-extracted xylan was subjected to the same dissolution procedure to examine the degradation of low-molecular weight components in more detail.
Model Predictive Direct Power Control for a grid-connected converter with an LCL-filter (2013)

This paper presents a Model Predictive Direct Power Control (MPDPC) scheme for the control of a three-phase grid-connected Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) converter with an LCL-filter. MPDPC is a variant of Model Predictive Control (MPC) which regulates the output power of the converter within a set of hysteresis bounds, whilst minimising switching frequency and/or losses. By incorporating an Active Damping (AD) strategy which suppresses spectral content around the main resonant frequency of the LCL-filter, MPDPC achieves low levels of grid current distortion at low switching frequencies. Through simulation, it is shown that the proposed MPDPC strategy is capable of offering a significant improvement over the performance of Carrier-Based Pulse Width Modulation (CB-PWM) at the chosen steady-state operating points.
Theoretical Understanding of an Absorption-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Kretchmann's Theory (2002)

An optical-absorption-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed, and its theoretical aspects are discussed in terms of mathematical descriptions and numerical simulations of the SPR curve. The response theory of the absorption-based SPR sensing is based on the expansion of Kretchmann's SPR theory into the case in which optical absorption in the sensing layer is expressed by the Lorentz model. The numerical simulations were performed using a three-layer Fresnel equation of p-polarization. It was found that SPR curve behavior of the absorption-based SPR sensor depends on the frequency relation between the light source and the optical absorption and the thickness of the metal layer. The SPR curve behavior is divided into three types according to the large, small, and equal relations between excitation and absorption frequencies. Each type of behavior is further divided into two types that are due to thin and thick metal layers. The theory of this new type of sensor based on optical absorption was explained and demonstrated by the simulation of the SPR curves using optical parameters relating to a silver-metal-based SPR sensor.
<i>ERCC5</i> Is a Novel Biomarker of Ovarian Cancer Prognosis (2008)

ERCC5 is a novel biomarker of ovarian cancer prognosis and a potential therapeutic target of ovarian cancer response to platinum chemotherapy.
ADIPONECTIN PLASMA CONCENTRATION IN OBESE PATIENTS WITH MILD TO MODERATE ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION (2004)

Pucilowska, B.; Purtak, K.; Janas, J.; Makowiecka-Ciesla, M.; Prejbisz, A.; Hoffman, P.; Januszewicz, A. Author Information
Application of honeymoon cold-set adhesive systems for structural end joints in North America (1993)

High quality, structural end joints can be cold-set at mill speed using a two-component honeymoon adhesive system composed of southern pine bark or pecan shell membrane tannin and a modified, commercially available, phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde resin. Adhesive costs of a fully waterproof glueline are approximately $0.60/lb. of applied adhesive mix compared to $0.80/lb. for current melamine-formaldehyde adhesives. Capital and processing costs are reduced by eliminating the radio-frequency generator used in most laminating plants
Touched by robots: effects of physical contact and proactiveness (2009)

Even though robots' physical embodiment makes it likely humans will come into physical contact with robots, the effects of touch on attitudes in human-robot interaction are still relatively unknown. This survey and video-based, experiment (N=199) investigates the effects of touch and robots interactions. Results show that physical contact and autonomous behavior interact in their effects on perceived machine-likeness and dependability. Attitudes towards robots in general also affected the influence of touch on perceptions of a robot.
Resurfacing arthroplasty of the hip for avascular necrosis of the femoral head (2010)

We performed 96 Birmingham resurfacing arthroplasties of the hip in 71 consecutive patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head. A modified neck-capsule-preserving approach was used which is described in detail. The University of California, Los Angeles outcome score, the radiological parameters and survival rates were assessed. The mean follow-up was for 5.4 years (4.0 to 8.1). All the patients remained active with a mean University of California, Los Angeles activity score of 6.86 (6 to 9). Three hips failed, giving a cumulative survival rate of 95.4%. With failure of the femoral component as the endpoint, the cumulative survival rate was 98.0%. We also describe the combined abduction-valgus angle of the bearing couple, which is the sum of the inclination angle of the acetabular component and the stem-shaft angle, as an index of the optimum positioning of the components in the coronal plane. Using a modified surgical technique, it is possible to preserve the femoral head in avascular necrosis by performing hip resurfacing in patients with good results.
Ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal: CsBe_2BO_3F_2 (2011)

A new ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal CsBe2BO3F2 has been grown by the flux method with relatively greater size and thickness along the z axis. The crystal structure was determined by single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis and the space group of it was defined as R32, belonging to the uniaxial class. Optical properties including the ultraviolet absorption edges, refractive indices, phase-matching angles, and effective nonlinear optical coefficients have been systematically determined for the first time. Based on the measured refractive indices, the Sellmeier equations were also fitted.
Integration of breast cancer gene signatures based on graph centrality (2011)

In summary, graph centralities provide a novel way to connect different cancer signatures and to understand the mechanism of relationship between gene expression and clinical outcome of breast cancer. Moreover, this method is not only can be used on breast cancer, but also can be used on other gene expression related diseases and drug studies.
Combination Drug Scheduling Defines a “Window of Opportunity” for Chemopotentiation of Gemcitabine by an Orally Bioavailable, Selective ChK1 Inhibitor, GNE-900 (2013)

Checkpoint kinase 1 (ChK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as a central mediator of the intra-S and G2-M cell-cycle checkpoints. Following DNA damage or replication stress, ChK1-mediated phosphorylation of downstream effectors delays cell-cycle progression so that the damaged genome can be repaired. As a therapeutic strategy, inhibition of ChK1 should potentiate the antitumor effect of chemotherapeutic agents by inactivating the postreplication checkpoint, causing premature entry into mitosis with damaged DNA resulting in mitotic catastrophe. Here, we describe the characterization of GNE-900, an ATP-competitive, selective, and orally bioavailable ChK1 inhibitor. In combination with chemotherapeutic agents, GNE-900 sustains ATR/ATM signaling, enhances DNA damage, and induces apoptotic cell death. The kinetics of checkpoint abrogation seems to be more rapid in p53-mutant cells, resulting in premature mitotic entry and/or accelerated cell death. Importantly, we show that GNE-900 has little single-agent activity in the absence of chemotherapy and does not grossly potentiate the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine in normal bone marrow cells. In vivo scheduling studies show that optimal administration of the ChK1 inhibitor requires a defined lag between gemcitabine and GNE-900 administration. On the refined combination treatment schedule, gemcitabine's antitumor activity against chemotolerant xenografts is significantly enhanced and dose-dependent exacerbation of DNA damage correlates with extent of tumor growth inhibition. In summary, we show that in vivo potentiation of gemcitabine activity is mechanism based, with optimal efficacy observed when S-phase arrest and release is followed by checkpoint abrogation with a ChK1 inhibitor.
Atom-probe field-ion microscopy of a high intensity gallium ion source (1980)

The emission characteristics of a liquid-metal ion source have been investigated with a magnetic-sector atom-probe field-ion microscope. The emission is classified into low, intermediate, and high intensity emission regimes. In the high intensity emission regime the emission is approximately 99% Ga+, but Ga++ and molecular gallium ions are also present. The relative intensities of Ga+, Ga++, Ga2+, and Ga3+ were measured as a function of total current in the high intensity emission regime. Energy distributions of these four species were also measured at various total currents. Spectral analysis of the optical emission from the ion source indicate that the light is due to radiation from neutral atomic gallium. It is concluded that a considerable amount of gas phase neutral gallium is in the vicinity of the emitter. Also, the ionization of atomic gallium takes place at the emitter surface, while the molecular ions are formed far from the surface.
Combination celecoxib and temozolomide in C6 rat glioma orthotopic model (2006)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination treatment of temozolomide with celecoxib is effective in the rat orthotopic glioma model. After stereotactic injection of C6/LacZ rat glioma cells into the Sprague Dawley rat brain, the rats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups [group 1, control treatment; group 2, celecoxib (25 mg/kg p.o. everyday) alone; group 3, temozolomide (7.5 mg/kg i.p. for 5 days at 2nd week) alone; group 4, a combination of celecoxib and temozolomide]. Rats were sacrificed 18 days after treatment, and the body weight, tumor volume, tumor cell proliferation, microvessel densities, and apoptosis were evaluated. There was a significant reduction of tumor volume in combination group compared to control or single-agent therapy. The median tumor volume was estimated to be 111.5 mm(3) (control), 65.0 mm(3) (celecoxib), 71.8 mm(3) (temozolomide) and 18.7 mm(3) (combination). In the combination group, there was increased tumor cell apoptosis as well as decreased microvessel density and tumor cell proliferation relative to the control and single-agent therapy (P<0.05). Collectively, the data suggest that the combination celecoxib and temozolomide may provide a novel and effective approach to the treatment of glioblastoma.
Exploiting virtual reality as a conceptual model for CSCW (1992)

This paper describes some computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) research which has focused on the development of a global CSCW Environment a kind of CSCW Operating System which allows people to access a variety of existing cooperative tools within a common organisational context and also against a background of more social interaction. This Environment is based on a virtual world of interconnected rooms through which people navigate, forming groups and carrying out tasks. Each room provides access to a number of tools, awareness of on-going events and also encourages open communication with other occupants.<
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Myocardial contrast echocardiography in acute myocardial infarction: Pathophysiological background and clinical applications (1996)

Myocardial contrast echocardiography is a technique used in experimental and clinical settings in order to visualize the pattern of intramyocardial perfusion. In the acute phase of myocardial infarction, regional absence of flow during myocardial contrast echocardiography delineates the area at risk of necrosis, while the definitive non-perfused area expresses infarct size. Reopening the infarct-related artery, which may be achieved spontaneously by thrombolysis or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, is not a reliable indicator of intramyocardial reperfusion. If myocardial ischaemia due to coronary occlusion has been sufficiently prolonged and severe, not only myocyte viability, but also microvascular integrity is lost. Myocardial contrast echocardiography, using intracoronary injection of sonicated contrast medium, gives information about microvascular integrity and the effective presence of intramyocardial reflow. Anatomical integrity of microvasculature does not necessarily imply preserved function, and thus the microvessel vasodilating reserve may also be impaired. Myocardial contrast echocardiography has the potential to assess alterations in microvascular function, showing, in the myocardial area with reduced coronary reserve, a relatively reduced increase in echocontrast signal intensity when an intravenous vasodilator agent is administered.
DC Ring-Bus Microgrid Fault Protection and Identification of Fault Location (2013)

A fault protection and location method for a dc bus microgrid system is presented in this paper. Unlike traditional ac systems, dc bus systems cannot survive or sustain high-magnitude fault currents. And if a fault causes the dc bus to de-energize completely, it makes locating faults very difficult. The main goal of the proposed scheme is to detect and isolate faults in the dc bus without de-energizing the entire system and identifying the fault location. In order to achieve this, a ring-type bus was used in this paper. The bus was segmented into overlapping nodes and links with circuit breakers (CBs) to isolate the segment in the event of a fault. Backup protection is implemented for circuit breaker failures to improve system reliability. A noniterative fault-location technique using a probe power is also presented in this paper. This probe power can also be used for a pilot test before main CB reclosing to avoid system issues that can be expected when the reclosing fails due to a permanent fault. The proposed algorithm can be implemented and executed by an intelligent electrical device for individual node. The proposed concepts have been verified with computer simulations and hardware experiments.
Porous One-Dimensional Nanostructures through Confined Cooperative Self-Assembly (2011)

We report a simple confined self-assembly process to synthesize nanoporous one-dimensional photoactive nanostructures. Through surfactant-assisted cooperative interactions (e.g., π-π stacking, ligand coordination, and so forth) of the macrocyclic building block, zinc meso-tetra (4-pyridyl) porphyrin (ZnTPyP), self-assembled ZnTPyP nanowires and nanorods with controlled diameters and aspect ratios are prepared. Electron microscopy characterization in combination with X-ray diffraction and gas sorption experiments indicate that these materials exhibit stable single-crystalline and high surface area nanoporous frameworks with well-defined external morphology. Optical characterizations using UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy show enhanced collective optical properties over the individual chromophores (ZnTPyP), favorable for exciton formation and transport.
Perceptual Quality Metric Design for Wireless Image and Video Communication (2008)

The evolution of advanced radio transmission technologies for third generation mobile radio systems has paved the way for the delivery of mobile multimedia services. In particular, wireless image and video applications are among the most popular services offered on modern mobile devices to support communication beyond the traditional voice services. The large amount of data necessary to represent the visual content and the scarce bandwidth of the wireless channel impose new challenges for the network operator to deliver high quality image and video services. Link layer metrics have conventionally been used to monitor the received signal quality but were found to not accurately reflect the visual quality as it is perceived by the end-user. These metrics thus need to be replaced by suitable metrics that measure the overall impairments induced during image or video communication and accurately relate them to subjectively perceived quality. In this thesis, we focus on objective metrics that are able to quantify the end-to-end visual quality in wireless image and video communication. Such metrics may then be utilised to support the efficient use of link adaptation and resource management techniques and thus guarantee a certain quality of service to the user. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part contributes an extensive survey and classification of contemporary image and video quality metrics that may be applicable in a communication context. The second part then discusses the development of the Normalised Hybrid Image Quality Metric (NHIQM) that we propose for prediction of visual quality degradations induced during wireless communication. The metric is based on a set of structural features, which are deployed to quantify artifacts that may occur in a wireless communication system and also are well aligned to characteristics of the human visual system (HVS). In the third part, three metric designs are discussed that utilise the same structural feature set as a basis for quality prediction. Incorporation of further HVS characteristics into the metric design will then improve even more the visual quality prediction performance. The design and validation of all proposed metrics is supported by subjective quality experiments that we conducted in two independent laboratories. Comparison to other state of the art visual quality metrics reveals the ability of the proposed metrics to accurately predict visual quality in a wireless communication system. The last part contributes an application of NHIQM for filter design. In particular, the filtering performance of a de-blocking de-ringing post filter for H.263 video sequences is analysed with regards to visual quality of the filtered sequence when applying appropriate filter parameter combinations.
Novel method for rapid in-situ hybridization of HER2 using non-contact alternating-current electric-field mixing (2016)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted agents are an effective approach to treating HER2-positive breast cancer patients. However, the lack of survival benefit in HER2-negative patients as well as the toxic effects and high cost of the drugs highlight the need for accurate and prompt assessment of HER2 status. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of a novel rapid dual in-situ hybridization (RISH) method developed to facilitate hybridization. The method takes advantage of the non-contact mixing effect of an alternating current (AC) electric field. One hundred sixty-three specimens were used from patients diagnosed with primary breast cancers identified immunohistochemically as HER2 0/1(+), (2+) or (3+). The specimens were all tested using conventional dual in-situ hybridization (DISH), DISH with an automated slide stainer, and RISH. With RISH the HER2 test was completed within 6 h, as compared to 20-22 h needed for the standard protocol. Although RISH produced results more promptly using smaller amounts of labeled antibody, the staining and accuracy of HER2 status evaluation with RISH was equal to or greater than with DISH. These results suggest RISH could be used as a clinical tool to promptly determine HER2 status.
Expression of transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 in mouse and human tissues (2001)

The purpose of this study was to clarify the expression of TMPRSS2 in mice during development and to compare the tissue distribution of the transcripts in adult mouse and human tissues. Mouse TMPRSS2 cDNA was cloned; the predicted amino acid sequence contains 490 residues sharing 81.4% similarity with human TMPRSS2. According to northern blots, mouse TMPRSS2 is expressed mainly in the prostate and kidney, while human TMPRSS2 is expressed in the prostate, colon, stomach, and salivary gland. In situ hybridization analyses of mouse embryos and adult tissues revealed that TMPRSS2 was expressed in the epithelia of the gastrointestinal, urogenital, and respiratory tracts. Expression was very selective and constant after the gene was turned on during development. Expression of TMPRSS2 was localized in the luminal epithelial cells of the mouse and human prostate. The information presented here will be useful in further studies regarding the function and physiological significance of TMPRSS2.