gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SPUTTERED NdFe FILMS WITH PERPENDICULAR ANISOTROPY (1985)

Thin films of NdFe with composition in the region of 60 at.% Nd have been prepared by r.f.sputtering on to glass substrates at room temperature and investigated using the polar Kerr effect . All films exhibit relatively square hysteresis loops when the field is reversed along the film normal, many with squareness ratios close to 1.0, and saturation polar Kerr rotations about 0.4°. Some films prepared at very high deposition rates exhibit unusually large coercivities, 1-4kOe, and show a marked reduction in surface reflectivity which a Scanning Electron Microscope investigation showed to be associated with the onset of fine particle formation at the surface.
Photoswitching microscopy with standard fluorophores (2008)

We introduce far-field subdiffraction-resolution fluorescence imaging based on photoswitching of individual standard fluorophores in air-saturated solution. Here, photoswitching microscopy relies on the light-induced switching of organic fluorophores (ATTO 655 and ATTO 680) into long-lived metastable dark states and spontaneous repopulation of the fluorescent state. In the presence of low concentrations (2–10 mM) of reducing, thiol-containing compounds such as ß-mercaptoethylamine or glutathione, the density of fluorescent molecules can be adjusted to enable multiple localizations of individual fluorophores with an experimental accuracy of ∼20 nm. The method requires wide-field illumination with only a single laser beam for readout and photoswitching and provides superresolution fluorescence images of intracellular structures under live cell compatible conditions.
Control of energy homeostasis and insulin action by adipocyte hormones: leptin, acylation stimulating protein, and adiponectin (2002)

Adipose tissue performs complex metabolic and endocrine functions. This review will focus on the recent literature on the biology and actions of three adipocyte hormones involved in the control of energy homeostasis and insulin action, leptin, acylation-stimulating protein, and adiponectin, and mechanisms regulating their production. Results from studies of individuals with absolute leptin deficiency (or receptor defects), and more recently partial leptin deficiency, reveal leptin's critical role in the normal regulation of appetite and body adiposity in humans. The primary biological role of leptin appears to be adaptation to low energy intake rather than a brake on overconsumption and obesity. Leptin production is mainly regulated by insulin-induced changes of adipocyte metabolism. Consumption of fat and fructose, which do not initiate insulin secretion, results in lower circulating leptin levels, a consequence which may lead to overeating and weight gain in individuals or populations consuming diets high in energy derived from these macronutrients. Acylation-stimulating protein acts as a paracrine signal to increase the efficiency of triacylglycerol synthesis in adipocytes, an action that results in more rapid postprandial lipid clearance. Genetic knockout of acylation-stimulating protein leads to reduced body fat, obesity resistance and improved insulin sensitivity in mice. The primary regulator of acylation-stimulating protein production appears to be circulating dietary lipid packaged as chylomicrons. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity, perhaps by increasing tissue fat oxidation resulting in reduced circulating fatty acid levels and reduced intramyocellular or liver triglyceride content. Adiponectin and leptin together normalize insulin action in severely insulin-resistant animals that have very low levels of adiponectin and leptin due to lipoatrophy. Leptin also improves insulin resistance and reduces hyperlipidemia in lipoatrophic humans. Adiponectin production is stimulated by agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma; an action may contribute to the insulin-sensitizing effects of this class of compounds. The production of all three hormones is influenced by nutritional status. These adipocyte hormones, the pathways controlling their production, and their receptors represent promising targets for managing obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance.
Metalloporphyrin magnetic resonance contrast agents. Feasibility of tumor-specific magnetic resonance imaging. (1990)

The criteria for tumor-specific MRI contrast agents are considered. The metalloporphyrins have been shown to be potential tumor-specific contrast agents due to their selective retention by cancer cells. The Mn(III) water-soluble porphyrin complexes are preferred on the basis of relaxivity and stability. Protein binding in human plasma enhances the relaxivity of Mn(III)-tetraphenylsulfonato-porphyrin (MnTTPS). In preliminary work this agent was shown to enhance MRI contrast at 0.5 T in subcutaneous human colon carcinomas grown in nude mice. Here we report further evidence of enhanced contrast in the same system, and extend this work to human breast tumors in nude mice using a 2 T animal imager. Questions of metalloporphyrin stability, toxicity and dose-contrast relationship are discussed.
Fast transimination in organic solvents in the absence of proton and metal catalysts. A key to imine metathesis catalyzed by primary amines under mild conditions (2013)

Amine–imine exchange reactions of sterically unhindered reactants were found to be surprisingly fast at room temperature in a variety of nonaqueous solvents in the absence of proton and metal catalysts. The reaction mechanism suggested by ab initio calculations in the gas phase involves nucleophilic addition to the CN bond in concert with proton transfer from the amine NH bond to the imine nitrogen via a highly imbalanced transition state. These very fast transimination reactions were utilized in the catalysis of imine metathesis. Imine metathesis, usually carried out in organic solvents at high temperature in the presence of metal catalysts, occurs smoothly at room temperature in the presence of primary amines under nonacidic conditions as a result of coupled transimination processes. Kinetic data fully consistent with the proposed reaction mechanism were obtained.
Conserved regions in the cytoplasmic domains of the leukocyte integrin α L β 2 are involved in endoplasmic reticulum retention, dimerization, and cytoskeletal association (1995)

Selected functions of integrins, including regulated cytoskeletal association and transmembrane signaling, depend on a poorly defined bidirectional communication between the extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of the alpha and beta subunits. To investigate this problem in the leukocyte integrin alpha L beta 2 (LFA-1), we generated a series of cytoplasmic truncation or internal substitution mutants of the alpha L and beta 2 cytoplasmic domains, and assessed their biochemical and functional properties upon ectopic expression in constitutively adherent cells. Expression of the alpha L beta 2 heterodimer in stably adherent cells is sufficient to promote its constitutive cytoskeletal association. Structural determinants for such association are located in selected regions of the beta 2 cytoplasmic domain, which display functional interdependence. In addition, a conserved region (Arg733-Lys742) in the beta 2 cytoplasmic domain seems to be critical not only for its cytoskeletal association, but also for endoplasmic reticulum retention, assembly, and transport to the plasma membrane of the mature alpha L beta 2 heterodimer. Analysis of deletion mutants of the alpha L subunit demonstrates a role of the conserved, membrane-proximal GFFKR motif in conferring stability to the alpha beta complex, possibly because of its direct involvement in heterodimer formation. We propose that a previously uncharacterized association of defined subregions of the cytoplasmic domains of integrin alpha and beta subunits affects the dimerization and regulated function of the adhesion receptor.
Design of Out-of-Band Protocols to Transmit UHDTV Contents in the CATV Network (2012)

The goal of an UHDTV is to broadcast digital video contents which is 16 times the pixel resolution of HDTV. As the resolution is increased, the UHDTV requires a transmission technology to support very high data transfer rate. In this paper, we propose two out-of-band protocols to transmit UHDTV contents in a CATV network: an OOB-based protocol and a DSG-based protocol. The former may be a short term solution which is well suitable for a traditional CATV network and the letter may be a long term solution which is adoptable for a CATV network equipped with DOCSIS functionalities. In order to transfer 200 Mbps UHDTV contents, proposed protocols use a channel bonding mechanism which combines several QAM channels. We propose CATV network architectures to support an UHDTV service with a channel bonding mechanism, and design the format of messages to share the information of bonded channels between a headend and a STB. We develop an OPNET simulator and ascertain successful transmission of UHDTV contents.
Genomic survey of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, a major pest of the honey bee Apis mellifera (2010)

This survey has provided general tools for the research community and novel directions for investigating the biology and control of Varroa mites. Ongoing development of Varroa genomic resources will be a boon for comparative genomics of under-represented arthropods, and will further enhance the honey bee and its associated pathogens as a model system for studying host-pathogen interactions.
Feasbility of Battery Switch Stations for Local Emission Free Public Transport (2012)

Electric Mobility is one key technology for increased energy efficiency and local zero emissions for vehicles - especially in cities. Urban bus public transportation is in many cities still one main contributor of urban particulate emissions and has not – only in developing countries –significant shares on urban traffic and is therefore a relevant research issue. Different technologies that seem suitable to meet these two targets (energy efficiency and local zero emissions) have been introduced to several field tests. However, little attention has been given to battery electric busses (BEB) in combination with battery switch stations – although both existing hurdles for BEB, range limitation and long charging times, could be solved. Furthermore, power load peaks in the evening hours through the charging process of busses could be prevented. In this paper we first give an overview of different systems for urban bus transport with respect to characteristics such as emission reductions and technological challenges. In the following, we introduce several battery switch systems and analyze one example battery switch station for BEB and its economic feasibility. The business case is based on empiric data for the Karlsruhe public transportation system and includes a calculation based on the net present value, sensitivity analyses and a possible system extension step. Even though there are various influencing factors, we show that both, a cost-efficient operation of a battery switch station in a current public bus fleet operation and a reduction of local air pollution are possible.
Direct and Mediating Effects of Auditor Quality on Auditor Size and Performance (2013)

In defining audit quality, DeAngelo (1981) assumes no variation in auditor’s technical competency in discovering a breach. Instead, we relax this assumption and utilize principal components analysis technique to extract auditor quality from human capital factors of an audit firm. With the auditor quality, this study examines the association between auditor size and performance. In terms of market segment, audit firms are divided into public company audit market firms (PCAMFs) and non-public company audit market firms (NCAMFs). Based on path analysis, we find that auditor size has direct effect on performance and indirect effect through auditor quality. Auditor quality associates with both auditor size and performance positively. In further, auditor size has more contribution to performance of PCAMFs than that of NCAMFs. Auditor quality of PCAMFs explains more variation of financial performance than do NCAMFs. The results indicate that PCAMFs earn more financial performance through the upgrade of auditor quality.
Tunable sparse network coding for multicast networks (2014)

This paper shows the potential and key enabling mechanisms for tunable sparse network coding, a scheme in which the density of network coded packets varies during a transmission session. At the beginning of a transmission session, sparsely coded packets are transmitted, which benefits decoding complexity. As the transmission continues and the receivers have accumulated coded packets, the coding density is increased. We propose a family of tunable sparse network codes (TSNCs) for multicast erasure networks with a controllable trade-off between completion time performance to decoding complexity. Coding density tuning can be performed by designing time-dependent coding matrices. In multicast networks, this tuning can be performed within the network by designing time-dependent pre-coding and network coding matrices with mild conditions on the network structure for specific densities. We present a mechanism to perform efficient Gaussian elimination over sparse matrices going beyond belief propagation but maintaining low decoding complexity. Supporting implementation results are provided showing the trade-off between decoding complexity and completion time.
Paperbacks (1959)

Paperbacks Get access JAMES M. WARD JAMES M. WARD Syracuse University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume XXVII, Issue 2, April 1959, Pages 178–179, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/XXVII.2.178 Published: 01 April 1959
Pre-clinical and behavioural toxicity profile of PAMAM dendrimers in mice (2009)

A toxicity study of different polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers in Swiss albino mice was performed with a clinical overview. In the current study, mice were treated with various G4 dendrimers (NH 2 and OH surface groups) at different dosage levels (low, medium and high) via the intraperitoneal route for 15 consecutive days, followed by a 15 day recovery period. The toxicity profile was investigated in mice for their general behaviour, feed intake, body weight, carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, haematological parameters, histopathology and cell viability. No significant differences were observed in feed intake, body weight and organ weight among the various dendrimer-fed groups and control. In general, dendrimers have no significant effect on the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. However, declined glucose levels in the high-NH 2 dose group indicates the interference of this dosage level with glucose metabolism. Although all the test groups showed activity in the normal range, the high-NH 2 group showed comparatively higher alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity. Minor, but insignificant ( p > 0.05), differences were observed in the red blood cells, haematocrit value and haemoglobin of the treated group when compared to the control group in a dose-dependent manner, but these recovered during the recovery period. There was no effect on other haematological parameters. Histopathological evaluation of dendrimer-treated groups did not reveal any abnormalities in the low- and medium-dose groups, but at a high dose level, toxicity was observed in the liver and kidney. However, after the recovery period, toxicity in the high dose level was not found. A cell viability study of cationic dendrimers has shown reduced cytotoxicity after the complexation with a guest molecule such as indomethacin. This study showed that dendrimers are not toxic, in general. The high dose of G4-NH 2 displayed some toxicity; however, that too was recovered after some time.
Effect of pH on Protein Distribution in Electrospun PVA/BSA Composite Nanofibers (2012)

We examine the protein distribution within an electrospun polymer nanofiber using polyvinyl alcohol and bovine serum albumin as a model system. We hypothesize that the location of the protein within the nanofiber can be controlled by carefully selecting the pH and the applied polarity of the electric field as the pH affects the net charge on the proteins. Using fluorescently labeled BSA and surface analysis, we observe that the distribution of BSA is affected by the pH of the electrospinning solution. Therefore, we further probe the relevant forces on the protein in solution during electrospinning. The role of hydrodynamic friction was assessed using glutaraldehyde and HCl as a tool to modify the viscosity of the solution during electrospinning. By varying the pH and the polarity of the applied electric field, we evaluated the effects of electrostatic forces and dielectrophoresis on the protein during fiber formation. We surmise that electrostatic forces and hydrodynamic friction are insignificant relative to dielectrophoretic forces; therefore, it is possible to separate species in a blend using polarizability contrast. A coaxial distribution of protein in the core can be obtained by electrospinning at the isoelectric point of the protein, whereas surface enrichment can be obtained when the protein carries a net charge.
Intra-Arterial Drug and Light Delivery for Photodynamic Therapy Using Visudyne®: Implication for Atherosclerotic Plaque Treatment (2016)

We demonstrated that sufficient accumulation of Visudyne® within plaque could be achieved in short-time and therefore validated the feasibility of local intravascular administration of photosensitizer. Intra-arterial Visudyne®-PDT preferentially affected plaque macrophages and may therefore alter the dynamic progression of plaque development.
Structure and function of the human genome (2005)

The human genome project has had an impact on both biological research and its political organization; this review focuses primarily on the scientific novelty that has emerged from the project but also touches on its political dimensions. The project has generated both anticipated and novel information; in the later category are the description of the unusual distribution of genes, the prevalence of non-protein-coding genes, and the extraordinary evolutionary conservation of some regions of the genome. The applications of the sequence data are just starting to be felt in basic, rather than therapeutic, biomedical research and in the vibrant human origins and variation debates. The political impact of the project is in the unprecedented extent to which directed funding programs have emerged as drivers of basic research and the organization of the multidisciplinary groups that are needed to utilize the human DNA sequence.
Team Performance Prediction in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) (2010)

In this study, we propose a comprehensive performance management tool for measuring and reporting operational activities of teams. This study uses performance data of game players and teams in EverQuest II, a popular MMORPG developed by Sony Online Entertainment, to build performance prediction models for task performing teams. The prediction models provide a projection of task performing team's future performance based on the past performance patterns of participating players on the team as well as team characteristics. While the existing game system lacks the ability to predict team-level performance, the prediction models proposed in this study are expected to be a useful addition with potential applications in player and team recommendations. First, we present player and team performance metrics that can be generalized to all types of games with the concept of point gain, leveling up, and session or completion time. Second, we show that larger or more advanced teams do not necessarily achieve higher team performance than smaller or less advanced teams. Third, we present novel team performance prediction methods based on the past performance patterns of participating players and team characteristics.
Silica-Coated Single-Walled Nanotubes:  Nanostructure Formation (2004)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were coated with silica by treating a mixture of a basic sodium silicate solution and a surfactant-stabilized suspension of SWNTs with EtOH. The SiO2−SWNTs were cast on solid substrates to form woven mats comprising a variety of unique nanostructures including loops, curls, interconnects, and bridging tubes. The coatings trapped the nanotubes in distinct conformations and glued shorter tubes together into longer multi-strand coated filaments.
Radical polymerization of methyl acrylate by use of benzyl <i>N, N</i>‐diethyldithiocarbamate in combination with tetraethylthiuram disulfide as a two‐component iniferter (1994)

Abstract Polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) with benzyl N, N ‐diethyldithiocarbamate (BDC) was carried out in bulk or in benzene under UV irradiation. The polymerization proceeded to give a high yield of polymer, however it was found that BDC did not function as an iniferter in the MA polymerization. Bimolecular termination leading to deactivation of the iniferter site was observed during the polymerization in preference to chain transfer and primary radical termination which reproduce the iniferter site. The deactivation was successfully prevented by combining BDC and tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TD) as a two‐component iniferter. This two‐component iniferter system was also applied to synthesis of a star polymer with 1,2,4,5‐tetrakis ( N,N ‐diethyldithocarbamylmethyl) benzene (DDC) as a tetrafunctional photoiniferter. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Kinematic GNSS Shadow Matching Using a Particle Filter (2014)

Student Paper Award Winner. The poor performance of GNSS user equipment in urban canyons is a well-known problem and is particularly inaccurate in the cross-street direction. However, the accuracy in this direction greatly affects many applications, including vehicle lane identification and high-accuracy pedestrian navigation. Shadow matching was proposed to help solve this problem by using information derived from 3D models of buildings. Though users of GNSS positioning typically move, previous research has focused on static shadow-matching positioning. In this paper, for the first time, kinematic shadow-matching positioning is tackled. Kalman filter based shadow matching is proposed and also, in order to overcome some of its predicted limitations, a particle filter is proposed to better solve the problem.
External Ionospheric Constraints for Improved PPP-AR Initialisation and a Generalised Local Augmentation Concept (2012)

Constraining the ionosphere delay is the key step in rapid ambiguity resolution. Previous work has shown how PPP-AR re-convergence can be achieved by constraining internal ionosphere estimates. That method is extended here to permit rapid convergence using external ionospheric estimates from other PPP-AR solutions. Subject to the use of good orbits and correctly weighted observations, cm-precise (slant, integer biased) ionospheric delays can be used to initialise PPP-AR solutions within several seconds. Kinematic solutions have 1cm RMS error with respect to RTK for latitude and longitude and 4-5cm RMS error for height. In principle a local reference network of static stations could be replaced with local PPP-AR users.