gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction (2005)

Milton Brackbill, at the age of ninety-one, sat with his wife Ruth in the relative safety of their Florida retirement home and described how he once stood up to threats from a "gang" of local men during World War I. The United States had entered the European War in the spring of 1917, and began drafting men in September. In the fall of 1917, Brackbill was a young husband and the father of a newborn baby girl. He and Ruth, both raised in the pacifist traditions of the Mennonite Church, now managed a farm near the Philadelphia "Mainline" town of Paoli. In the midst of a gathering war fever, their German ethnicity and pacifist beliefs made the young couple and their daughter Emily, vulnerable to community disapproval. Had he been called in the draft, Milton probably would have been inducted as a conscientious objector and sent to an army training camp where officers and other soldiers would have tried to intimidate him into accepting combat training. But because he was a father and the manager of a significant agricultural enterprise, local officials of the Selective Service System gave Milton an exemption. This, however, created community pressure on him to support the war in other ways. With few other Mennonites nearby, the Brackbill family stood relatively alone in its refusal to support the war. Paoli was two or three hours away from the large Mennonite communities of Lancaster and Bucks Counties in southern Pennsylvania.2 KeywordsConscientious ObjectorDraft RegistrantLocal BoardInduction OrderGerman EthnicityThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Clearance of<i>Bordetella parapertussis</i>from the Lower Respiratory Tract Requires Humoral and Cellular Immunity (2005)

Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella pertussis are closely related species that cause whooping cough, an acute, immunizing disease. Their coexistence in the same host populations at the same time and vaccine studies showing that B. pertussis vaccines have little effect on B. parapertussis infection or disease suggest that the protective immunity induced by each does not efficiently cross protect against the other. Although the mechanisms of protective immunity to B. pertussis have been well studied, those of B. parapertussis have not. The present study explores the mechanism by which B. parapertussis is cleared from the lower respiratory tract by anamnestic immunity. Serum antibodies are necessary and sufficient for elimination of this bacterium, and CD4(+) T cells, complement, and neutrophils are required for serum antibody-mediated clearance. Mice lacking immunoglobulin A had no defect in their ability to control or clear infection. Interestingly, serum antibody-mediated clearance of B. parapertussis did not require Fc receptors that are required for antibody-mediated clearance of B. pertussis. Together these data support a model for the mechanism of protective immunity to B. parapertussis that is similar but distinct from that of B. pertussis.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyurethane elastomer based on CO<sub>2</sub> copolymer (2007)

Abstract Novel poly(ethylene ether carbonate) polyurethane elastomers (PEC‐PUE) based on methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and poly(ethylene ether carbonate) diol (PEC) were prepared and characterized. The diol PEC was a new material obtained by copolymerization of ethylene oxide and CO 2 in the presence of polymer supported bimetallic catalyst (PBM). When the diol PEC reacted with MDI and with 1,4‐butanediol as the chain extender, a novel polyurethane elastomer can be formed. The elastomer was characterized by FTIR and 1 H NMR. The mechanical properties were studied by tensile set and the thermal properties were studied by TGA. Results of the tests indicated that mechanical strength of the elastomer can be improved by adjusting the ratio of NCO/OH. The thermal stability as well as tensile strength (TS) decreased sharply after being exposed to moisture and with bonded water in the polymer structure. It was also discovered that as the bonded water evaporated, both the thermal stability and TS would recover. Moreover, shape memory behaviors of the elastomer were also studied, and it was found that all the samples tested returns to its original shape in 100 s. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3818–3826, 2007
When the Web is your Data Lake: Creating a Search Engine for Datasets on the Web (2020)

There are thousands of data repositories on the Web, providing access to millions of datasets. National and regional governments, scientific publishers and consortia, commercial data providers, and others publish data for fields ranging from social science to life science to high-energy physics to climate science and more. Access to this data is critical to facilitating reproducibility of research results, enabling scientists to build on others' work, and providing data journalists easier access to information and its provenance. In this talk, I will discuss our work on Dataset Search, which provides search capabilities over potentially all dataset repositories on the Web. I will talk about the open ecosystem for describing and citing datasets that we hope to encourage and the technical details on how we went about building Dataset Search. Finally, I will highlight research challenges in building a vibrant, heterogeneous, and open ecosystem where data becomes a first-class citizen.
Open-string Gromov-Witten invariants: calculations and a mirror “theorem” (2002)

AbstractWe propose localization techniques for computing Gromov-WitteninvariantsofmapsfromRiemannsurfaceswith boundariesintoaCalabi-Yau, with the boundaries mapped to a Lagrangian submanifold. Thecomputations can be expressed in terms of Gromov-Witten invariantsof one-pointed maps. In genus zero, an equivariant version of the mir-ror theorem allows us to write down a hypergeometric series, whichtogether with a mirror map allows one to compute the invariants to allorders, similar to the closed string model or the physics approach viamirror symmetry. In the noncompact example where the Calabi-Yau isK P 2 ,our results agree with physics predictions at genus zero obtainedusing mirror symmetry for open strings. At higher genera, our resultssatisfy strong integrality checks conjectured from physics. 1 Introduction 1.1 The Physics Mirror symmetry is famous for being able to predict Gromov-Witten invari-ants of Calabi-Yau manifolds. The basic conjecture is that there is a dualitybetween string theories on mirror Calabi-Yau manifolds. As a consequence,the topological ﬁeld theory deﬁned from the A-twist of one Calabi-Yau man-ifold is equal to the topological B-twist of the mirror. Both twists can beperformed on Calabi-Yau target manifolds. From a practical point of view,in order to obtain enumerative predictions, one needs to know the theoryon the B-model (in this case, deﬁned through classical period integrals) aswell as an identiﬁcation of the parameter spaces for both theories – the“mirror map.” To extract integer-valued invariants, one needs an all-genus“multiple-cover” formula. The technology for ﬁnding mirror manifolds [3]1
Seismic Attributes, Their Classification And Projected Utilization (1999)

We define the “Seismic Attributes” as all of the measured, computed or implied quantities obtained from the<br>seismic data. Therefore, Attributes include complex trace attributes, seismic event geometrical configurations,<br>and their spatial and pre-stack variations. We have been able to classify these seismic attributes in a manner<br>that makes their utility more clearly identifiable. We review a classification scheme, the utilization of attributes<br>within each class, and the combined use of attributes to improve our ability to identify reservoir characteristics.<br>Examples are provided of attributes role in estimating the rock properties, depositional environment and<br>interpreting seismic facies.
Visual Analysis of Network Traffic for Resource Planning, Interactive Monitoring, and Interpretation of Security Threats (2007)

The Internet has become a wild place: malicious code is spread on personal computers across the world, deploying botnets ready to attack the network infrastructure. The vast number of security incidents and other anomalies overwhelms attempts at manual analysis, especially when monitoring service provider backbone links. We present an approach to interactive visualization with a case study indicating that interactive visualization can be applied to gain more insight into these large data sets. We superimpose a hierarchy on IP address space, and study the suitability of Treemap variants for each hierarchy level. Because viewing the whole IP hierarchy at once is not practical for most tasks, we evaluate layout stability when eliding large parts of the hierarchy, while maintaining the visibility and ordering of the data of interest.
Synthesis and plant-growth regulatory activities of novel imine derivatives containing 1H-1,2,4-triazole and thiazole rings (2010)

Eleven new imine derivatives 6 containing 1H-1,2,4-triazole and thiazole rings were synthesized by the condensation of 5-((1H- 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-tert-butylthiazol-2-amine with various substituted benzaldehydes.The structures of the title compounds were characterized by ~1H NMR,MS and elemental analysis.The plant-growth regulatory activities of these compounds were evaluated.The primary bioassay results indicated that these target compounds exhibited promising plant-growth regulatory activities...
OCCURRENCE OF 5α-ANDROST-16-EN-3-ONE, A BOAR PHEROMONE, IN MAN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO TESTOSTERONE (1976)

Institut für Physiologie, Technische Universität, München-Weihenstephan, 805 Freising, West Germany (Received 5 September 1975) It is known that 16-unsaturated C-19 steroids possess a smell varying between musk and urine. They are commonly defined as boar pheromones stimulating the immobilization reflex of sows before mating (Signoret & du Mesnil du Buisson, 1961; Reed, Melrose & Patterson, 1974). One of these steroids, 5α-androst-16-en-3-one, which possesses a urine-like smell, was used to study pheromone physiology in boars. This compound is synthesized in the testes, distributed by the blood, stored in fatty tissue and salivary glands and transferred by a saliva foam to the female animal (Claus, Hoffmann & Karg, 1971; Claus, 1975 a). So far there is no information concerning the presence of 16-unsaturated steroids in other mammals, but our own measurements (R. Claus & W. Alsing, unpublished) have revealed negative results in the fatty tissue of billy-goats, rams, stallions, bulls and roebucks.
The effect of reconfigurable units in superscalar processors (2001)

This paper describes OneChip, a third generation reconfigurable processor architecture that integrates a Reconfigurable Functional Unit (RFU) into a superscalar Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) processor's pipeline. The architecture allows dynamic scheduling and dynamic reconfiguration. It also provides support for pre-loading configurations and for Least Recently Used (LRU) configuration management.
Pharmacology of <scp>AMG</scp> 181, a human anti‐α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub> antibody that specifically alters trafficking of gut‐homing <scp>T</scp> cells (2013)

AMG 181 has in vitro pharmacology, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and safety characteristics in cynomolgus monkeys that are suitable for further investigation in humans.
Nitric Oxide Inhibits Caspase Activation and Apoptotic Morphology but Does Not Rescue Neuronal Death (2005)

Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to inhibit apoptotic cell death by S-nitrosylation of the catalytic-site cysteine residue of caspases. However, it is not clear whether in neurons NO-mediated caspase inactivation leads to improved cell survival. To address this issue, we studied the effect of NO donors on caspase activity and cell survival in cortical neuronal culture treated with the apoptosis inducer staurosporine (STS) and camptothecin. In parallel, cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay and MAP2 staining. We found that NO donors ((+/-)-S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, S-nitrosoglutathione, and NONOates) dose-dependently inhibited caspase-3 and -9 activity induced by STS and camptothecin. The reduction in caspase-3 activity was, in large part, because of the blockage of the proteolytic conversion of pro-caspase-3 to active caspase-3. NO donors also inhibited the appearance of the classical apoptotic nuclear morphology. However, inhibition of both caspase activity and apoptotic morphology was not associated with enhancement of cell viability. Thus, inhibition of caspase and apoptotic morphology by NO donors does not improve neuronal survival. The data suggest that inhibition of caspase by NO unmasks a caspase-independent form of cell death. A better understanding of this form of cell death may provide new strategies for neuroprotection in neuropathologies, such as ischemic brain injury, associated with apoptosis.
Airbreathing Rotating Detonation Wave Engine Cycle Analysis (2010)

Abstract A cycle analysis model for an airbreathing, rotating detonation wave engine (RDE) is presented. The engine consists of a steady inlet system with an isolator which delivers air into an annular combustor. A detonation wave continuously rotates around the combustor with side relief as the flow expands towards the nozzle. A model for the side relief is used to find the pressure distribution around the combustor. Air and fuel enter the combustor when the rarefaction wave pressure behind the detonation front drops to the inlet supply pressure. To create a stable RDE, the inlet pressure is matched in a convergence process with the average combustor pressure by increasing the annulus channel radial width with respect to the isolator channel. Performance of this engine is considered using several parametric studies and compared with rocket-mode computational results. A hydrogen–air RDE reaches a specific impulse of 3800 s and can reach a flight speed of Mach 5.
LibGuides: Travel: Travel Information (2008)

Whether you are getting ready to take a trip or just dreaming about one, here is some information that might make planning your vacation a whole lot easier.
Fate of benefin in soils, plants, artificial rumen fluid, and the ruminant animal (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFate of benefin in soils, plants, artificial rumen fluid, and the ruminant animalTomasz. Golab, Richard J. Herberg, James V. Gramlich, Arthur P. Raun, and Gerald W. ProbstCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1970, 18, 5, 838–844Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60171a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60171a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Liquid Ventilation in Immature Newborn Rabbits (1976)

Rabbit fetuses delivered 3 days before term were artificially ventilated with air, oxygen, or oxygenated liquid fluorocarbon for 1.5-3 h. Oxygenation, as revealed by skin colour and ECG was superior in liquid-ventilated animals. Also, liquid ventilation was less harmful to the bronchiolar epithelium and, in contrast to ventilation with gas or oxygen, did not cause the formation of hyaline membranes.
Nonaligned Carbon Nanotubes Anchored on Porous Alumina: Formation, Process Modeling, Gas‐Phase Analysis, and Field‐Emission Properties (2007)

We have developed a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), anchored in a comose-type structure on top of porous alumina substrates. The mass-flow conditions of precursor and carrier gases and temperature distributions in the CVD reactor were studied by transient computational fluid dynamic simulation. Molecular-beam quadrupole mass spectroscopy (MB-QMS) has been used to analyze the gas phase during ferrocene CVD under reaction conditions (1073 K) in the boundary layer near the substrate. Field-emission (FE) properties of the nonaligned CNTs were measured for various coverages and pore diameters of the alumina. Samples with more dense CNT populations provided emitter-number densities up to 48,000 cm(-2) at an electric field of 6 V microm(-1). Samples with fewer but well-anchored CNTs in 22-nm pores yielded the highest current densities. Up to 83 mA cm(-2) at 7 V microm(-1) in dc mode and more than 200 mA cm(-2) at 11 V microm(-1) in pulsed diode operation have been achieved from a cathode size of 24 mm2.
The effect of the invaded zone on full wavetrain acoustic logging (1984)

Abstract The body of this report is devoted to studying the effect of the invaded zone, mudcake, or steel casing on the components of the full wavetrain (P-wave, S-wave, reflected modes, and Stoneley mode). I conclude that a sonic logging tool has a very shallow depth of investigation. This depth, for P- and S-waves, depends upon the spacing between the source and receiver. An approximate rule of thumb is that if the source-to-receiver separation is n feet, the logging tool sees n inches into the formation. Thus, a conventional logging tool sees less than 6 inches into the surrounding formation. Since attenuation of the P- and S-wave arrivals places a practical contraint on realistic source-to-receiver separations, the depth of investigation is limited to a maximum of about 2 ft. Therefore, an acoustic logging tool is usually capable of measuring properties of the invaded zone only.--Modified journal abstract.
The unusually robust phosphorus-hydrogen bond in the novel cation [cyclic] HP(NMeCH2CH2)3N+ (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe unusually robust phosphorus-hydrogen bond in the novel cation [cyclic] HP(NMeCH2CH2)3N+C. Lensink, S. K. Xi, L. M. Daniels, and John G. VerkadeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 9, 3478–3479Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00191a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00191a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views928Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY REACTOR CONTROLS COMPUTER (1954)

Reactor control implies the safe regulation of a system under all conditions.This involves all the aspects of a system from the basic design to the operating technique, for example, corrosion, radiation damage, kinetic response, etc. Proper control includes the accident as well as the normal routine, for the accident must be prevented from endangering the operating personnel or from causing excessive damage to the system.Many control problems may be detected and solved by prior testing and experimentation with test samples of the materials to be employed and by the determination of their behavior in a radiation field of appropriate strength.Other problems may be anticipated and an operating technique employed to prevent serious consequences.other than nuclear reactors.Problems of radio active decays, furnace control, fluid flow, mechani cal oscillations, and others lend themselves to simulator study.For some purposes an artificial time base may prove to be desirable, but this is obtained through the plug-in impedance networks.Any system which may be linearized, or which involves only such nonlinearities as may be handled by the multiplier, may be simulated by the ORNL Reactor Controls Computer.
Effect of Age on Effectiveness of Vonoprazan in Triple Therapy for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Eradication (2019)

Objective We evaluated the efficacy of vonoprazan-based eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), including the effects of age, gender, and grade of atrophy in comparison to proton pump inhibitor-based therapy. Method We retrospectively reviewed the records of 1,172 patients who received first-line triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and vonoprazan or a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for H. pylori eradication, as well as 157 patients treated with second-line therapy consisting of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and vonoprazan or a PPI. Results The eradication rate of all cases treated with first-line triple therapy was 86.9% (1,019/1,172), while that in those treated with vonoprazan-based therapy was 92.5% (384/415). Our analysis showed that the use of vonoprazan resulted in a significantly improved success rate of first-line eradication therapy in comparison to proton pump inhibitor-based therapy [odds ratio (OR), 2.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55 to 3.56]. The superiority of vonoprazan was remarkable in non-elderly patients, while its effect was unclear in elderly patients. When used as second-line eradication therapy, the advantage of vonoprazan over PPI administration was not clear. Conclusion The inclusion of vonoprazan increased the success rate of first-line eradication therapy; however, the advantage was reduced with aging and remained unclear in elderly patients.