gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dix ans de recherche par les résidentsen anesthésiologie à l’Université de Montréal : un bilan (2001)

Contexte : En 1989, la décision que tous les résidents en anesthésiologie de l’Université de Montréal devraient faire de la recherche fut prise. Des mesures pour encadrer cette activité dans un environnement porteur furent mises en place. Buts : Le but premier de ce travail est de dresser un bilan des activités de recherche auxquelles ont participé ces résidents depuis 1990. Méthode : Afin d’évaluer l’impact de tels stages, certains indices témoignant de la vitalité académique du département (publications, présentations, distinctions, pour les décennies allant de 1980 à 1989 et de 1990 à 1999) sont répertoriés et comparés, lorsque possible, aux résultats obtenus lors de la décennie précédente. Résultats : De 1980 à 1989, 85 résidents auraient été susceptibles de faire un stage de recherche s’il avait existé. De 1990 à 1999, 51 résidents ont fait ce stage. Seuls les articles publiés dans des journaux avec comité de révision par des pairs peuvent être comparés. Le ratio « nombre de publications/nombre de résidents » est plus bas pour la période 80-89 (0,13, intervalle de confiance 95 % : 0,07- 0,22) comparé à l’époque 90-99 (0,45, intervalle de confiance 95 % : 0,31-0,60). Le bilan des autres activités académiques, qui n’ont pu être comparées, est présenté. Conclusion : La littérature indique que les programmes qui connaissent du succès dans ce type de projet ont certaines caractéristiques en commun. Les mesures mises en place lors de l’initiation du projet étaient conformes à ce que suggère la littérature.
Composite IS1 elements encoding hydroxamate-mediated iron uptake in FIme plasmids from epidemic Salmonella spp (1985)

Eleven FIme plasmids representative of those identified in epidemic strains of Salmonella wien and Salmonella typhimurium isolated in North Africa, Europe, and the Middle East have been examined for the presence of determinants of toxigenicity, adherence, and iron-sequestering mechanisms. Chemical and genetic data indicated that all plasmids code for a hydroxamate-mediated iron assimilation system. Detailed analysis of derivative plasmids and cloned fragments of FIme plasmid pZM61 demonstrated that the general genetic and structural organization of the DNA region containing the genes for hydroxamate biosynthesis and cloacin DF13 receptor was virtually identical to that described for the aerobactin-mediated iron uptake system of pColV-K30. This DNA region is part of a composite element that is 16.7 kilobases long and carries its IS1 modules as inverted repeats. A very similar element is present in either orientation in all nine FIme plasmids analyzed.
Note sur la convergence de méthodes de directions conjuguées (1969)

utilisation (http://
Multi-kW-SOFC Development at Siemens (1995)

The Siemens SOFC development program reached an important milestone early in 1994. A stack operating with hydrogen and oxygen and producing a max. power of 1.8 kW at a current density of 0.8 A/cm2 was tested for more than 300h. The SOFC configuration is based on a flat metal separator plate using the multiple cell array design. Improved PENs, functional layer and joining technique were implemented. Based on this concept, the layout of a 100 kW plant was elaborated.
History of Lysimeter Design and Use for Evapotranspiration Measurements (1991)

Lysimeters are devices for measuring percolation of water through soils and sampling soil water for chemical analyses. Lysimeters have been used for over 300 years to determine water use by vegetation. Precision lysimetry for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) has developed mainly within the past 50 years. Weighing lysimeter designs are quite varied to suite individual research requirements. Surface areas from 1.0 m 2 to over 29 m 2 have been used. ET accuracy depends directly on the lysimeter area, mass, and the type of scale, but many lysimeters have accuracies better than 0.05 mm. Few weighing lysimeters exceed 2.5-m profile depth. Mechanical, floating, hydraulic, and electronic scales have been used in weighing lysimeters with varying types of data recording methods. Lysimeter wall construction can affect heat transfer to the lysimeter and water flow along the walls. ET accuracy of weighing lysimeters can be affected by many additional factors (personnel traffic, cultural operations, crop height, etc.).
[Recent advances in development of antitumor tyrosine kinase inhibitors]. (1997)

Protein tyrosine kinases are critical enzymes in regulating cellular growth and differentiation and are also deeply involved in oncogenesis since they are frequently activated in a variety of human cancers. Novel compounds that inhibit epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) with high specificity and potency were developed, and their antitumor effects on EGF-R overexpressing cells and in vivo tumor models were demonstrated. Novel compounds that preferentially inhibit human glioma cells expressing truncated rather than wild-type EGF-R were also developed. Tyrphostin analogs which inhibit angiogenesis and thereby suppress tumor cell growth were also identified by screening inhibitors of Flk-1 tyrosine kinase.
A New Species of New England Coleoptera (1922)

This article has no abstract.
Additive effects of steel factor and antisense TGF-beta 1 oligodeoxynucleotide on CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. (1994)

We previously demonstrated that TGF-beta 1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides can release early CD34+ bone marrow progenitors from quiescence, and increase the numbers of mixed and large erythroid colonies. As Steel Factor (SF) has a similar effect on colony formation by CD34+ cells, we tested whether this factor acts by blocking the inhibitory effects of TGF-beta. That this is not generally the case was demonstrated by the finding that the combination of TGF-beta 1 antisense with SF in cultures of CD34+ bone marrow cells yielded enhanced colony formation that was more than additive when compared to cultures containing the single agents. This combination also yielded enhanced colony formation by CD34+ umbilical cord blood cells, but in this case, the effect was slightly less than additive. Thus in cord blood, some, but not all, of the progenitors that are maintained in quiescence by TGF-beta can be triggered into cycle by SF. However, the absolute number of CFU-GEMMs found in the antisense TGF-beta plus SF cultures of cord blood was 4-fold higher than that found in comparable bone marrow cultures. These data correlate well with our previous observations that umbilical cord blood contains 4-fold more CD34+ CD38- cells, the population found to respond to TGF-beta 1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides.
A Continuously Variable Poppet Valve Actuator for Internal Combustion Engines (1986)

The paper describes a continuously variable poppet valve actuation system which may be applied to internal combustion engines to render the valve motion controllable while the engine is running. The first phase of a programme to develop the device is described. The results of a rigid-body dynamic analysis are presented followed by a dynamic simulation of the mechanism using a proprietary finite element program. These give an insight into its operation and clarify some of the problems to be solved if the device is to be successfully applied.
Oil reservoir production optimization using optimal control (2011)

Practical oil reservoir management involves solution of large-scale constrained optimal control problems. In this paper we present a numerical method for solution of large-scale constrained optimal control problems. The method is a single-shooting method that computes the gradients using the adjoint method. We use an Explicit Singly Diagonally Implicit Runge-Kutta (ESDIRK) method for the integration and a quasi-Newton Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) algorithm for the constrained optimization. We use this algorithm in a numerical case study to optimize the production of oil from an oil reservoir using water flooding and smart well technology. Compared to the uncontrolled case, the optimal operation increases the Net Present Value of the oil field by 10%.
Microstructure fabrication with a CO2 laser system: characterization and fabrication of cavities produced by raster scanning of the laser beam (2003)

In this paper we describe the use of a CO(2) laser for production of cavities and microstructures in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by moving the laser beam over the PMMA surface in a raster pattern. The topography of the cavities thus produced is studied using stylus and optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microstructures display artifacts from the laser ablation process and we describe how the laser ablation parameters can be optimized in order to minimize these artifacts. Using this technique it is possible to generate structures with a depth from 50 microm and a minimum width of approximately 200 microm up to depth and widths of several mm, governed by the beam size and the laser settings.
The Packaging of Electronic Equipment (1957)

Summary The problems involved in the packaging of Service radar equipment are reviewed. Information on shock testing techniques, instrumentation and a design procedure for cushioning are given, together with some examples of current packaging methods used by the Ministry of Supply's Radar Research Establishment, Malvern, Worcs. The paper is based on a lecture given to the Royal Aeronautical Society, Gloucester and Cheltenham Branch in December 1954. Received October 1956.
Electrically Tunable Ophthalmic Lenses for Myopia and Presbyopia Using Liquid Crystals (2014)

In this paper, an electrically tunable-focusing and polarizer-free liquid crystal (LC) lens for ophthalmic lenses is demonstrated. The optical operating principles of the LC lens in a human eye system are introduced and the optical principle of the polarization independent of the double-layered LC lens is investigated. The polarization dependency, image quality and the response time of the double-layered LC lens are measured. The continuously tunable-focusing properties of the LC lenses are more practical in applications for different visional conditions of people. The concept in this paper can also be extensively applied to imaging systems, and projection systems, such as cameras in cell phones, pico projectors, and endoscopes.
The Active Site of the Thrombin-Thrombomodulin Complex (1989)

The location of the active site of the membrane-bound anticoagulant complex of thrombin and thrombomodulin has been determined relative to the membrane surface using fluorescence energy transfer. Thrombin was reacted with 5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonylglutamylglycylarginyl chloromethyl ketone (DEGR-CK) to yield DEGR-thrombin, an analogue of thrombin with a fluorescent dye covalently attached to its active site. When DEGR-thrombin was titrated with thrombomodulin that had been reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles containing octadecylrhodamine, singlet-singlet energy transfer was observed between the donor dyes, each in an active site of a DEGR-thrombin bound to thrombomodulin, and the acceptor dyes at the outer surface of the phospholipid bilayer. The extent of energy transfer reached a maximum when DEGR-thrombin and thrombomodulin were equimolar in the sample, as expected for the formation of a 1:1 complex between thrombin and thrombomodulin. This energy transfer was dependent upon the binding of DEGR-thrombin to thrombomodulin because no energy transfer was observed with vesicles that lacked thrombomodulin, and the extent of energy transfer was reduced greatly by the addition of excess unmodified nonfluorescent thrombin to compete with DEGR-thrombin for binding to the thrombomodulin. From the dependence of the energy transfer upon the acceptor density and assuming kappa 2 = 2/3, the distance of closest approach between a dye in the active site of the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex and a dye at the membrane surface was determined to average 66 A (65 +/- 3 A for phosphatidylcholine vesicles without and 67 +/- 5 A for those with 20% phosphatidylserine). This distance was also insensitive to the presence or absence of Ca2+. These direct measurements indicate that the active site of the membrane-bound thrombin-thrombomodulin complex is located far above the phospholipid surface, that the peptide bond cleaved during the activation of protein C is situated about 66 A above the membrane, that the thrombin binding site on thrombomodulin is positioned more than 45 A above the membrane, ant that thrombin, with a diameter near 40 A, is not positioned alongside thrombomodulin near the membrane to form the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex but is instead bound "on top" of thrombomodulin.
EDTA: preservative dermatitis (1969)

Ethylenediamine tetraacetate is a widely used preservative, especially in ophthalmic solutions. It was found to be the cause of an acute allergic conjunctivitis and periorbital dermatitis. Subsequent testing revealed two additional cases of delayed hypersensitivity to this compound. Two of the three cases cross-reacted to ethylenediamine, a structurally related compound. Recommendation for patch testing with 1% concentration in water or petrolatum is made. The increasing problem of reactions to preservatives is discussed.
<title>Color segmentation in the HSI color space using the K-means algorithm</title> (1997)

Segmentation of images is an important aspect of image recognition. While grayscale image segmentation has become quite a mature field, much less work has been done with regard to color image segmentation. Until recently, this was predominantly due to the lack of available computing power and color display hardware that is required to manipulate true color images (24-bit). TOday, it is not uncommon to find a standard desktop computer system with a true-color 24-bit display, at least 8 million bytes of memory, and 2 gigabytes of hard disk storage. Segmentation of color images is not as simple as segmenting each of the three RGB color components separately. The difficulty of using the RGB color space is that it doesn't closely model the psychological understanding of color. A better color model, which closely follows that of human visual perception is the hue, saturation, intensity model. This color model separates the color components in terms of chromatic and achromatic information. Strickland et al. was able to show the importance of color in the extraction of edge features form an image. His method enhances the edges that are detectable in the luminance image with information from the saturation image. Segmentation of both the saturation and intensity components is easily accomplished with any gray scale segmentation algorithm, since these spaces are linear. The modulus 2(pi) nature of the hue color component makes its segmentation difficult. For example, a hue of 0 and 2(pi) yields the same color tint. Instead of applying separate image segmentation to each of the hue, saturation, and intensity components, a better method is to segment the chromatic component separately from the intensity component because of the importance that the chromatic information plays in the segmentation of color images. This paper presents a method of using the gray scale K-means algorithm to segment 24-bit color images. Additionally, this paper will show the importance the hue component plays in the segmentation of color images.
YAGI Antenna Design for Signal Phone Jammer (2012)

Mobile phone is one of the most widely used today in mobile communications. This technology is very useful for communication but this raises several problems in a situation where silence is required such as in libraries, places of worship, classrooms and others. Mobile phone jammer is a device that used to block the incoming signal to a mobile phone from the base station. If the mobile phone jammer is turned on then it can not form the incoming or outgoing calls even sms. In this research, we designed a Yagi antenna (900MHz) to expand the range of jamming because Yagi has a great gain. Results of impedance by gamma match are 50.16 Om. Obtained the value of VSWR Yagi is 1.46:1 and jamming distance that can be taken approximately 16 meters, It is different from the jamming distance of helical antenna on a mobile phone jammer itself is about 4 meters.
Musculature Associated with the Water Canals in Freshwater Mussels and Response to Monoamines <i>In Vitro</i> (1991)

The gills of freshwater mussels perform many functions that depend on water flow through the water canals and channels. Regulation of water flow depends in part on ciliary activity and in part on the contraction of musculature underlying the gill filament and water channel epithelium. Obliquely striated muscles control water canal openings (ostia) at the base of the filaments and also at the entry into the water channel (internal ostia, IO). The muscles adjacent to the ostia are oriented in an anterior-posterior direction (perpendicular to gill filaments), and those controlling the internal ostia are oriented in a dorso-ventral direction (parallel to gill filaments). Small bundles of fibers radiate from the major dorso-ventral IO muscle bands and appear to insert at the base of the water canal epithelial cells at the canal-channel junction. Both muscular bands are closely associated with the branchial nerves in the gill. When gills are exposed to 10-5 M serotonin in vitro, both ostial openings dilate and gill ciliary activity increases. The net result of serotonin treatment is an increase in ciliary activity, a maximal opening of the water canal ostia, and, presumably, an increase in water flow through the gill.
Self‐refocused adiabatic pulse for spin echo imaging at 7 T (2011)

Spin echo pulse sequences are used to produce clinically important T(2) contrast. However, conventional 180° radiofrequency pulses required to generate a spin echo are highly susceptible to the B(1) inhomogeneity at high magnetic fields such as 7 Tesla (7 T), resulting in varying signal and contrast over the region of interest. Adiabatic 180° pulses may be used to replace conventional 180° pulses in spin echo sequences to provide greater immunity to the inhomogeneous B(1) field at 7 T. However, because the spectral profile of an adiabatic 180° pulse has nonlinear phase, pairs of these pulses are needed for proper refocusing, resulting in increased radiofrequency power deposition and long minimum echo times. We used the adiabatic Shinnar Le-Roux method to generate a matched-phase adiabatic 90°-180° pulse pair to obviate the need for a second adiabatic 180° pulse for phase refocusing. The pulse pair was then reformulated into a single self-refocused pulse to minimize the echo time, and phantom and in vivo experiments were performed to validate pulse performance. The self-refocused adiabatic pulse produced transmit profiles that were substantially more uniform than those achieved using a conventional spin echo sequence.
Loss or mismatch of MHC class I is sufficient to trigger NK cell‐mediated rejection of resting lymphocytes <i>in vivo</i> – role of KARAP/DAP12‐dependent and ‐independent pathways (2004)

A prediction from the "missing self" hypothesis is that down-regulation of MHC class I on resting hematopoietic cells should be sufficient to make them susceptible to NK cell killing. Using a method enabling kinetic and quantitative assessments of NK cell-mediated rejection responses in vivo, we here show that resting hematopoietic cells from beta(2)-microglobulin-deficient (beta(2)m(-/-)) mice were rapidly rejected in unmanipulated C57BL/6 (B6) mice. In situations of allelic MHC class I mismatches rejection occurred but required longer time. beta(2)m(-/-) donor cells pre-activated with concanavalin A were more efficiently eliminated compared to resting cells, as were MHC(-) tumor cells. When recipient mice were pretreated with an IFN inducer to activate NK cells, rejection was also enhanced. The signaling adaptor KARAP/DAP12 was dispensable for rejection of beta(2)m(-/-) cells (lacking MHC) but critical for rejection of BALB/c cells (mismatched MHC) in unmanipulated B6 recipients. In contrast, B6 recipients with pre-activated NK cells rejected BALB/c cells in a KARAP/DAP12-independent fashion. Loss or mismatch of MHC class I in resting cells was thus sufficient to convey susceptibility to NK cell rejection. However, activation of the effector or the target enhanced rejection and shifted the balance between different signaling pathways involved.
CHICAGO NEUROLOGICAL SOCIETY (1926)

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Biometrics: A Tool for Information Security (2006)

Establishing identity is becoming critical in our vastly interconnected society. Questions such as "Is she really who she claims to be?," "Is this person authorized to use this facility?," or "Is he in the watchlist posted by the government?" are routinely being posed in a variety of scenarios ranging from issuing a driver's license to gaining entry into a country. The need for reliable user authentication techniques has increased in the wake of heightened concerns about security and rapid advancements in networking, communication, and mobility. Biometrics, described as the science of recognizing an individual based on his or her physical or behavioral traits, is beginning to gain acceptance as a legitimate method for determining an individual's identity. Biometric systems have now been deployed in various commercial, civilian, and forensic applications as a means of establishing identity. In this paper, we provide an overview of biometrics and discuss some of the salient research issues that need to be addressed for making biometric technology an effective tool for providing information security. The primary contribution of this overview includes: 1) examining applications where biometric scan solve issues pertaining to information security; 2) enumerating the fundamental challenges encountered by biometric systems in real-world applications; and 3) discussing solutions to address the problems of scalability and security in large-scale authentication systems.
Comparison of intraurethral liposomal and intracavernosal prostaglandin‐E1 in the management of erectile dysfunction (1998)

The intraurethral application of liposomal PGE1 did not produce sufficient rigidity and was not effective in patients with organic ED. However, it did produce sufficient rigidity in six of 10 patients with psychogenic ED and may thus provide a therapeutic alternative in selected patients.