gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using RTL statespace information and state encoding for induction based property checking (2003)

This paper focuses on checking safety properties of sequential circuits specified on the RT-level. We study how different state encodings can be used to create a gate-level representation of the circuit that facilitates the computation of effective invariants for induction-based property checking. Our experiments show the strong impact of state encoding on the efficiency of the induction process.
ChemInform Abstract: Bridgehead Carbocations: A Solvolytic Study of 1‐Bromobicyclo(1.1.1) pentane (Ia) and Its Bridgehead‐Substituted Derivatives (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gastrointestinal adaptation to enhanced small intestinal lipid exposure. (1994)

Studies were performed on 20 male adult rats to investigate the effects of chronic intermittent infusion of lipid and physiological emulsifier into the distal small intestine on stomach to caecum transit time (SCTT) of the head of a test meal. SCTT was measured using environmental hydrogen analysis. Ileal lipid infusion normally delays gastric emptying and small intestinal transit (p < 0.001), but chronic intermittent infusion of lipid, given three times a week gradually reduced the delay in transit time until by four weeks it was no longer than control values. The lipid induced delay did not return during the four weeks after the chronic infusion had finished. Intermittent infusion of physiological emulsifier into the distal small intestine for four weeks did not change the control SCTT or the acute response to an ileal lipid infusion. SCTT of the head of the meal did not change in the four weeks after the physiological emulsifier infusion had stopped. In conclusion these results show that infusing rats intermittently with lipid for four weeks results in desensitisation of the mechanisms by which distal small intestinal lipid regulate SCTT of the head of a meal. This adaptation is not reversed within four weeks of withdrawal of the lipid infusion. These results emphasise the importance of assessing recent dietary history when assessing gastric emptying and small bowel transit times.
A yeast manganese transporter related to the macrophage protein involved in conferring resistance to mycobacteria. (1996)

A novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant, unable to grow in the presence of 12.5 mM EGTA, was isolated by replica plating. The phenotype of the mutant is caused by a single amino acid change (Gly149 to Arg) in the essential yeast gene CDC1. The mutant could be suppressed by overexpression of the SMF1 gene, which was isolated as an extragenic high-copy suppressor. The SMF1 gene codes for a highly hydrophobic protein and its deletion renders the yeast cells sensitive to low manganese concentration. In accordance with this observation, the smf1 null mutant exhibits reduced Mn2+ uptake at micromolar concentrations. Using a specific antibody, we demonstrated that Smf1p is located in the yeast plasma membrane. These results suggest that Smf1p is involved in high-affinity Mn2+ uptake. This assumption was also tested by overexpressing the SMF1 gene in the temperature-sensitive mutant of the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MAS1). SMF1 overexpression as well as addition of 1 mM Mn2+ to the growth medium complemented this mutation. This also suggests that in vivo Mas1p is a manganese-dependent peptidase. The yeast Smf1p resembles a protein from Drosophila and mammalian macrophages. The latter was implicated in conferring resistance to mycobacteria. A connection between Mn2+ transport and resistance or sensitivity to mycobacteria is discussed.
A New Stress Sensor Based on Amorphous Alloy for Dynamic Weigh Rail (2011)

In order to solve some problem of stress sensor in dynamic weigh rail, a new kind of inductive stress sensor based on magnetostriction effect of amorphous alloy was developed. First, the principle of sensor, and inferred its output equation were discussed. Second, the static characteristic experiment and the actual experiment on the material testing machine and the mine haulage rail were separately made. The results of the test have showed that this stress sensor has some characteristics as high measurement sensitiveness and accuracy. Also being simple, convenient and solid to install and use, so it is feasible to apply the sensor for the dynamic weigh rail.
Phosphorus redistribution in a WSi2/polycrystalline-silicon gate structure during furnace annealing (1988)

The phosphorus redistribution in a WSi2/polycrystalline-silicon structure after furnace annealing between 600 and 1000 °C was studied. When P is initially introduced into the polycrystalline-silicon, a secondary ion mass spectroscopy analysis shows a nearly equidistribution of the dopant within the sandwich. When the silicide layer is phosphorus implanted, it has been clearly shown that with the refractory metal the dopant forms a tungsten phosphide compound more stable than WSi2 up to a critical temperature Tc. The stability of the phosphide increases with the implanted dose. A complete characterization of the additional phase was obtained by thermal annealing of W-Si-P powders. Several other interesting features on the redistribution of the dopant in the polycrystalline-silicon/silicide structure have been established and discussed.
Sample Preparation for Microscopic and Spectroscopic Characterization of Solid Surfaces and Films (2003)

Various sample preparation approaches employed in microscopy and surface spectroscopy are presented. Methods for microscopy include sectioning, polishing, chemical/thermal etching, and sample coating. Specimen thinning methods with applicability in TEM analysis are also discussed, these include ion milling, reactive ion techniques, tripod polishing, ultramicrotomy. Ion bombardment, in-situ abrasion and scraping, in-situ cleavage and fracture are presented as sample preparation methods for surface spectroscopy.
In Vivo Expression of Human Growth Hormone by Genetically Modified Murine Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and its Effect on the Cells in Vitro (2000)

Human growth hormone (hGH) is frequently used clinically for growth abnormalities in children and also in adults with growth hormone deficiency. The hormone is usually administered to the individuals by frequent injections. In the present study we investigated the potential of bone marrow stromal cells as vehicles to deliver the GH in vivo by infusion of cells transduced with hGH cDNA into mice femurs. The effect of the hormone on the transduced cells in vitro was also assessed. Bone marrow stromal cells established from a mouse model of human osteogenesis imperfecta mice (oim) were transduced with a retrovirus containing hGH and neomycin resistance genes. The hGH-expressing cells were selected in a medium containing G418 and were then assessed for the hGH expression in vitro. The selected cells synthesized 15 ng/10(6) cells of hGH per 24 h in vitro and exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity when they were treated with the human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2). The transduced cells also proliferated faster than the LacZ transduced cells but they did not exhibit a higher rate of matrix synthesis. When 2 x 10(6) hGH+ cells were injected into the femurs of mice, hGH was detected in the serum of the recipient mice up to 10 days after injection. The highest level of growth hormone expression, 750 pg/ml, was detected in the serum of the recipient mice I day after injection of the transduced cells. hGH was also detected in the medium conditioned by cells that were flushed from the femurs of the recipient mice at 1, 3, and 6 days after cell injection. These data indicate that bone marrow stromal cells could potentially be used therapeutically for the delivery of GH or any other therapeutic proteins targeted for bone. The data also suggest that GH may exert its effects on bone marrow stromal cells by increasing their rate of proliferation.
Determination of sub-part-per-trillion amounts of cobalt by extraction and photoacoustic spectroscopy (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of sub-part-per-trillion amounts of cobalt by extraction and photoacoustic spectroscopyTakehiko. Kitamori, Kazumichi. Suzuki, Tsuguo. Sawada, Yohichi. Gohshi, and Kenji. MotojimaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 11, 2275–2278Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00124a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00124a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Relationships between motor patterns and intraluminal pressure in the 3-taeniated proximal colon of the rabbit (2017)

Manometry is used worldwide to assess motor function of the gastrointestinal tract, and the measured intraluminal pressure patterns are usually equated with contraction patterns. In the colon, simultaneous pressure increases throughout the entire colon are most often called simultaneous contractions, although this inference has never been verified. To evaluate the relationship between pressure and contraction in the colon we performed high-resolution manometry and measured diameter changes reflecting circular muscle contractions in the rabbit colon. We show that within a certain range of contraction amplitudes and frequencies, the intraluminal pressure pattern faithfully resembles the contraction pattern. However, when the frequency is very high (as in fast propagating contractions in a cluster) the consequent intraluminal pressures merge. When the contraction speed of propagation is very fast (above ~5 cm/s), the resulting pressure occurs simultaneous throughout the colon; hence simultaneous pressure is measured as are caused by fast propagating contractions. The very slow propagating, low amplitude haustral boundary contractions show a very characteristic pattern in spatiotemporal contraction maps that is not faithfully reproduced in the pressure maps. Correct interpretation of pressure events in high-resolution manometry is essential to make it a reliable tool for diagnosis and management of patients with colon motor dysfunction.
A Comparative Study and New Model for Smart Mirror (2017)

The International Scientific Research Organization for Science, Engineering and Technology (ISROSET) is a Non-Profit Organization; The ISROSET is dedicated to improvement in academic sectors of Science (Chemistry, Bio-chemistry, Zoology, Botany, Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Science, Bioscience, Bioinformatics, Biometrics, Biostatistics, Microbiology, Environmental Management, Medical Science, Forensic Science, Home Science, Library Science, Material Science Military Science, Physical Science, Physical Education Science, Educational Science, Fisheries, seed technology, Agriculture, Forestry Science, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics and Geology/Earth Science), Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Commerce, Management, Economics Sociology and Social Science.
LACK OF ADVERSE INFLUENCE OF BLACK PEPPER, ITS OLEORESIN AND PIPERINE IN THE WEANLING RAT (1986)

ABSTRACT Black pepper, its oleoresin or its active principle piperine fed to rats at doses 5 to 20 times normal human intake did not cause any adverse effect on: (1) growth, food efficiency ratio and organ weights; (2) RBC, WBC and differential counts; (3) the levels of blood constituents like hemoglobin, total serum proteins, albumin, globulin, sugar and cholesterol; (4) the levels of serum aminotransferases and phosphatases and (5) fat and nitrogen balance.
Model Predictive Control Applied to an Improved Five-Level Bidirectional Converter (2016)

This paper presents an improved five-level bidirectional converter (iFBC) controlled by finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). This control strategy consists in using the discrete time nature of the iFBC to define its state in each sampling interval. Using FCS-MPC the switching frequency is not constant; however, it is suitable to follow the current reference with low total harmonic distortion (THD). The iFBC prototype that was specially developed for obtaining experimental results is described in detail along the paper, as well as its principle of operation, power theory, and current control strategy. The iFBC was experimentally validated connected to the power grid through a second-order L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</sub> C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</sub> passive filter operating as an active rectifier and as a grid tie inverter. For both operation modes, the experimental results confirm the good performance (in terms of efficiency, low current THD, and controlled output voltage) of the iFBC controlled by FCS-MPC.
Efficient Hashing using the AES Instruction Set. (2010)

In this work, we provide a software benchmark for a large range of 256-bit blockcipher-based hash functions. We instantiate the underlying blockcipher with AES, which allows us to exploit the recent AES instruction set (AES-NI). Since AES itself only outputs 128 bits, we consider double-block-length constructions, as well as (single-block-length) constructions based on RIJNDAEL-256. Although we primarily target architectures supporting AES-NI, our framework has much broader applications by estimating the performance of these hash functions on any (micro-)architecture given AES-benchmark results. As far as we are aware, this is the first comprehensive performance comparison of multi-block-length hash functions in software.
Genetic analysis of pod dehiscence in soybean. (2005)

Pod dehiscence (PD), defined as the opening of pods along both the dorsal and ventral sutures, causes the seed to shatter in the field before harvesting and results in loss of seed yields. However, breeding for resistance to PD is difficult due to the complicated genetic behavior and environmental interaction. The objective of the present research was to analyze the genetic behavior of PD for improving the breeding efficiency of resistance to PD in soybean. PD after oven-drying the sampled pod at 40℃ for 24 hours was the most reliable to predict the degree of PD tested in the field. Keunolkong, a dehiscent parent, was crossed with non-dehiscent parents, Sinpaldalkong and Iksan10. Using their F₁ and F₂seeds, PD was measured after oven drying the pod at 40℃ for 24 hours. The gene conferring PD behaved in different manners depending on the genetic populations. In the Keunolkong × Sinpaldalkong population, PD seemed to be governed by single major recessive gene and minor genes, while several genes were probably involved in the resistance to pod dehiscence in the Keunolkong × Iksan10 population. Heritability for PD estimated in F2 population showed over 90% in the two populations. High heritability of PD indicated that selection for resistance to PD should be effective in a breeding program. In addition, genetic mapping of quantitative locus (QTL) for PD in both populations may reveal that genes conferring PO are population-specific.
Establishment of Current in Conductors (2003)

Currents are established on the surface of conductors by the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the insulating material between them. If the load is less than the characteristic impedance of the line, multiple reflections and retransmissions eventually build up the line current to that required by the load. The currents are initially established on the surface of the conductors before diffusing relatively slowly into the interior. These transmission and diffusion processes are fundamental to basic electrical engineering science, and their effects can be observed by applying a step input to a loaded line, and observing the load and mid-line voltages. The mid-line voltage clearly shows how the diffusion affects the propagation and reveals that the initial build up of surface current causes cables to enter a diffusion limited mode where currents have to diffuse into the interior before further propagation can take place to replenish surface currents.
A Novel Hybrid Common-Mode EMI Filter With Active Impedance Multiplication (2010)

This paper presents a novel hybrid common-mode (CM) electromagnetic interference filter for a military power supply. The proposed filter is composed of an active impedance multiplication circuit cascaded with a benchmark CM inductor. The active impedance multiplication circuit is very effective in boosting the impedances of both the benchmark CM inductor and the noise source. Thus, the total equivalent impedance of the filter is enlarged by the active booster to a great extent. An important advantage of the approach is that only a small-size CM choke is used as the passive filter instead of a traditional CLC filter. Furthermore, the noise source is turned to be an inevitable part of the hybrid filter by the impedance multiplication effect. Experimental results were carried out according to MIL-STD-461. It is shown that the proposed approach can acquire good noise attenuation performance within a wide frequency range.
The Acute Treatment of Migraine in Adults: The <scp>A</scp> merican <scp>H</scp> eadache <scp>S</scp> ociety Evidence Assessment of Migraine Pharmacotherapies (2015)

The study aims to provide an updated assessment of the evidence for individual pharmacological therapies for acute migraine treatment. Pharmacological therapy is frequently required for acutely treating migraine attacks. The American Academy of Neurology Guidelines published in 2000 summarized the available evidence relating to the efficacy of acute migraine medications. This review, conducted by the members of the Guidelines Section of the American Headache Society, is an updated assessment of evidence for the migraine acute medications. A standardized literature search was performed to identify articles related to acute migraine treatment that were published between 1998 and 2013. The American Academy of Neurology Guidelines Development procedures were followed. Two authors reviewed each abstract resulting from the search and determined whether the full manuscript qualified for review. Two reviewers studied each qualifying full manuscript for its level of evidence. Level A evidence requires at least 2 Class I studies, and Level B evidence requires 1 Class I or 2 Class II studies. The specific medications - triptans (almotriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan [oral, nasal spray, injectable, transcutaneous patch], zolmitriptan [oral and nasal spray]) and dihydroergotamine (nasal spray, inhaler) are effective (Level A). Ergotamine and other forms of dihydroergotamine are probably effective (Level B). Effective nonspecific medications include acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen), opioids (butorphanol nasal spray), sumatriptan/naproxen, and the combination of acetaminophen/aspirin/caffeine (Level A). Ketoprofen, intravenous and intramuscular ketorolac, flurbiprofen, intravenous magnesium (in migraine with aura), and the combination of isometheptene compounds, codeine/acetaminophen and tramadol/acetaminophen are probably effective (Level B). The antiemetics prochlorperazine, droperidol, chlorpromazine, and metoclopramide are probably effective (Level B). There is inadequate evidence for butalbital and butalbital combinations, phenazone, intravenous tramadol, methadone, butorphanol or meperidine injections, intranasal lidocaine, and corticosteroids, including dexamethasone (Level C). Octreotide is probably not effective (Level B). There is inadequate evidence to refute the efficacy of ketorolac nasal spray, intravenous acetaminophen, chlorpromazine injection, and intravenous granisetron (Level C). There are many acute migraine treatments for which evidence supports efficacy. Clinicians must consider medication efficacy, potential side effects, and potential medication-related adverse events when prescribing acute medications for migraine. Although opioids, such as butorphanol, codeine/acetaminophen, and tramadol/acetaminophen, are probably effective, they are not recommended for regular use.
Reaction of Oncomelania Hupensis to the Allelopathic Triterpene Sapogenin from Nerium Indicum (2010)

This paper has analyzed allelopathic effects of Nerium indicum on Oncomelania hupensis through triterpene sapogenins, a potential molluscicide. The snails were treated under six various concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100mg/L) of triterpene sapogenins and five periods (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days). The mortality of snails was positively correlated with the concentration of triterpene sapogenins and exposure time. The results of probit analysis showed that the LD50 (Lethal Dose, 50%) of triterpenoid saponins from N. indicum by immersion for 2, 3, 4, 5 days were 78.31, 30.26, 20.50, 14.19mg/L, respectively. And the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were 63.60-108.19, 9.49-44.42, 2.86-30.90, 0.23-22.79mg/L, respectively. The observations of both scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope proved that 40mg/L triterpene sapogenins could cause apparent damage to the structure of soft tissue, liver and intestine of O. hupensis. The esterase (EST) is ozyme electrophoresis in liver of O. hupensis treated by 40mg/L of the concentrations lixivium of the triterpene sapogenins from N. indicum was analyzed for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120h, respectively. The activity of enzyme was higher than control water group after been treated up to 24-48h, and then lowered and disappeared after 72h. It was implicated that the extracted triterpene sapogenin from N. indicum were promising for controlling the snail, which were also providing the foundation for constructing plant community of oleander to control O. hupensis.
Low power global shutter CMOS active pixel image sensor with ultra-high dynamic range (2005)

A novel low power global shutter CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) with ultra-high dynamic range is presented. Incorporating a sample-and-hold element in each pixel, the sensor enables imaging of fast moving objects in the field of view. An adaptive exposure time is automatically applied to each pixel, according to the local illumination intensity level, significantly increasing the dynamic range of the sensor. Driven by low-power dissipation requirements, the proposed pixel is operated by low voltage supply (1.8V). System architecture and operation are discussed and simulation results in a standard 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology are presented.