gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LIPOPROTEIN PHYSIOLOGY (1998)

Lipoproteins are spherical macromolecular complexes in which hydrophobic molecules of triglyceride and cholesteryl ester are enveloped within a monolayer of amphipathic molecules of phospholipids, free cholesterol, and apoproteins. The major lipoprotein classes include intestinally derived chylomicrons that transport dietary fats and cholesterol, hepatic-derived VLDL, IDL, and LDL that can be atherogenic, and hepatic- and intestinally derived HDL that are anti-atherogenic. Apoprotein B is necessary for the secretion of chylomicrons (apo B48) and VLDL, IDL, and LDL (apo B100). Post-translational regulation of the assembly of apo B-containing lipoproteins by core lipid availability seems to be the major mechanism for variations in secretion. Plasma levels of VLDL triglycerides are determined mainly by rates of secretion and LPL lipolytic activity; plasma levels of LDL cholesterol are determined mainly by the secretion of apo B100 into plasma, the efficacy with which VLDL are converted to LDL and by LDL receptor-mediated clearance. Regulation of HDL cholesterol levels is complex and is affected by rates of synthesis of its apoproteins, rates of esterification of free cholesterol to cholesteryl ester by LCAT, levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and CETP-mediated transfer of cholesteryl esters from HDL, and clearance from plasma of HDL lipids and apoproteins. Normal lipoprotein transport is associated with low levels of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol and high levels of HDL cholesterol. When lipoprotein transport is abnormal, lipoproteins levels can change in ways that predispose individuals to atherosclerosis.
Filtering variational quantum algorithms for combinatorial optimization (2021)

Abstract Current gate-based quantum computers have the potential to provide a computational advantage if algorithms use quantum hardware efficiently. To make combinatorial optimization more efficient, we introduce the filtering variational quantum eigensolver which utilizes filtering operators to achieve faster and more reliable convergence to the optimal solution. Additionally we explore the use of causal cones to reduce the number of qubits required on a quantum computer. Using random weighted MaxCut problems, we numerically analyze our methods and show that they perform better than the original VQE algorithm and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm. We also demonstrate the experimental feasibility of our algorithms on a Quantinuum trapped-ion quantum processor powered by Honeywell.
A 28GHz Voltage-Combined Doherty Power Amplifier with a Compact Transformer-based Output Combiner in 22nm FD-SOI (2020)

This paper presents a Doherty power amplifier (PA) in 22nm FD-SOI for achieving high output power and high backoff efficiency for 28GHz 5G communications. The output stage of the main PA and the auxiliary PA both use a stacked-FET topology for high output power without posing a reliability issue. A dedicated transformer-based output matching network is proposed to achieve a true Doherty load modulation while maintaining a compact layout. The PA is fabricated in a 22nm FD-SOI technology with a core area of 0.2mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . At 28GHz, the measured saturated output power (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sat</sub> ), 1dB output compression point (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> ), and peak power-added efficiency (PAE) are 22.5dBm, 21.1dBm, and 28.5%, respectively. State-of-the-art ITRS figure-of-merit (FOM) and power density are achieved. The measured 6dB power back-off (PBO) PAE is 22.1%, which results in a PBO enhancement ratio of 1.56/3.12 with respect to a class-B/class-A PA. The proposed PA can support 2.4Gb/s 64-QAM and 0.8Gb/s 256-QAM signal with a competitive average PAE.
Altered muropeptide composition in Staphylococcus aureus strains with an inactivated femA locus (1993)

Tn551 inactivation of femA, a factor involved in methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, caused the production of peptidoglycan in which the fraction of monoglycyl- and serine-containing muropeptides was increased at the expense of pentaglycyl muropeptides. femA mutants have a specific block in the biosynthesis of pentaglycine cross bridges after the addition of the first glycine residue.
Demethylchlortetracycline and griseofulvin as examples of specific treatment for mycosis fungoides (1981)

Long-term control of mycosis fungoides in the tumour stage was achieved in one patient by daily demethylchlortetracycline therapy. On two occasions widespread nodules and tumours completely involuted within 1 month of initiating this therapy. A second patient showed complete resolution of his plaque stage mycosis fungoides after the institution of oral griseofulvin therapy for a chronic fungus infection. The disease reappeared upon stopping the griseofulvin and involuted upon its resumption. The observations are interpreted as evidence that reduction or eradication of a persistent bacterial or fungal antigen may have a remarkable ameliorative effect in selected mycosis fungoides patients.
DIDS Reduces Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Myocardial Injury in Rats (2015)

Taken together, our data revealed that DIDS may protect cardiomyocytes against I/R injury as evidenced by improved cardiac function, Bcl-2, Akt phosphorylation, and reduced myocardial apoptosis, Bax expression, ROS production and myocardial infarct size.
Voice identification using nearest-neighbor distance measure (1993)

An algorithm for attributing a sample of unconstrained speech to one of several known speakers is described. The algorithm is based on measurement of the similarity of distributions of features extracted from reference speech samples and from the sample to be attributed. The measure of feature distribution similarity employed is not based on any assumed form of the distributions involved. The theoretical basis of the algorithm is examined, and a plausible connection is shown to the divergence statistic of Kullback (1972). Experimental results are presented for the King telephone database and the Switchboard database. The performance of the algorithm is better than that reported for algorithms based on Gaussian modeling and robust discrimination.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Developing a model - the myer music bowl (1987)

In the mid-1950s Dame Merlyn Myer asked John Freeman, and Ken Myer asked Robin Boyd, if their architectural firms would collaborate in designing a permanent home for 'Music for the People.'
Cardiac repair with thymosin β4 and cardiac reprogramming factors (2012)

Heart disease is a leading cause of death in newborns and in adults. We previously reported that the G-actin-sequestering peptide thymosin β4 promotes myocardial survival in hypoxia and promotes neoangiogenesis, resulting in cardiac repair after injury. More recently, we showed that reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts to cardiomyocyte-like cells in vivo after coronary artery ligation using three cardiac transcription factors (Gata4/Mef2c/Tbx5) offers an alternative approach to regenerate heart muscle. We have combined the delivery of thymosin β4 and the cardiac reprogramming factors to further enhance the degree of cardiac repair and improvement in cardiac function after myocardial infarction. These findings suggest that thymosin β4 and cardiac reprogramming technology may synergistically limit damage to the heart and promote cardiac regeneration through the stimulation of endogenous cells within the heart.
The Integrity of Eliot (1991)

The Integrity of Eliot Get access A. V. C. SCHMIDT A. V. C. SCHMIDT Balliol CollegeOxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Essays in Criticism, Volume XLI, Issue 3, July 1991, Pages 222–239, https://doi.org/10.1093/eic/XLI.3.222 Published: 01 July 1991
Characterization of a method for quantitating food consumption for mutation assays in <i>Drosophila</i> (1991)

Quantitation of food consumption is necessary when determining mutation responses to multiple chemical exposures in the sex-linked recessive lethal assay in Drosophila. One method proposed for quantitating food consumption by Drosophila is to measure the incorporation of 14C-leucine into the flies during the feeding period (Thompson and Reeder: Environmental Mutagenesis 10:357-365, 1987). Three sources of variation in the technique of Thompson and Reeder have been identified and characterized. First, the amount of food consumed by individual flies differed by almost 30% in a 24 hr feeding period. Second, the variability from vial to vial (each containing multiple flies) was around 15%. Finally, the amount of food consumed in identical feeding experiments performed over the course of 1 year varied nearly 2-fold. The use of chemical consumption values in place of exposure levels provided a better means of expressing the combined mutagenic response. In addition, the kinetics of food consumption over a 3 day feeding period for exposures to cyclophosphamide which produce lethality were compared to non-lethal exposures. Extensive characterization of lethality induced by exposures to cyclophosphamide demonstrate that the lethality is most likely due to starvation, not chemical toxicity.
Programming the data path in network processor-based routers (2005)

There is growing interest in network processor technologies capable of processing packets at line rates. Network processors are likely to be an integral part of next generation high-speed router and switch architectures, replacing the application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) that are used in routers today. In this paper, we present the design, implementation and evaluation of NetBind, a high-performance, flexible and scalable binding tool for dynamically constructing data paths in network processor-based routers. The methodology that underpins NetBind balances the flexibility of network programmability against the need to process and forward packets at line speeds. To support the dynamic binding of components with the minimum addition of instructions in the critical path, NetBind modifies the machine language code of components at run time. To support fast data path composition, NetBind reduces the number of binding operations required for constructing data paths to a minimum set so that binding latencies are comparable with packet forwarding times. Data paths constructed using NetBind seamlessly share the resources of the same network processor. Resources are assigned during the binding process. We compare the performance of NetBind to the MicroACE system developed by Intel and show that NetBind provides better performance in comparison to MicroACE with smaller binding overhead. The NetBind source code described and evaluated in this paper is freely available on the Web (http://www.comet.columbia.edu/genesis/netbind) for experimentation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonassociative learning as gated neural integrator and differentiator in stimulus-response pathways (2006)

Nonassociative learning is a basic neuroadaptive behavior exhibited across animal phyla and sensory modalities but its role in brain intelligence is unclear. Current literature on habituation and sensitization, the classic "dual process" of nonassociative learning, gives highly incongruous accounts between varying experimental paradigms. Here we propose a general theory of nonassociative learning featuring four base modes: habituation/primary sensitization in primary stimulus-response pathways, and desensitization/secondary sensitization in secondary stimulus-response pathways. Primary and secondary modes of nonassociative learning are distinguished by corresponding activity-dependent recall, or nonassociative gating, of neurotransmission memory. From the perspective of brain computation, nonassociative learning is a form of integral-differential calculus whereas nonassociative gating is a form of Boolean logic operator--both dynamically transforming the stimulus-response relationship. From the perspective of sensory integration, nonassociative gating provides temporal filtering whereas nonassociative learning affords low-pass, high-pass or band-pass/band-stop frequency filtering--effectively creating an intelligent sensory firewall that screens all stimuli for attention and resultant internal model adaptation and reaction. This unified framework ties together many salient characteristics of nonassociative learning and nonassociative gating and suggests a common kernel that correlates with a wide variety of sensorimotor integration behaviors such as central resetting and self-organization of sensory inputs, fail-safe sensorimotor compensation, integral-differential and gated modulation of sensorimotor feedbacks, alarm reaction, novelty detection and selective attention, as well as a variety of mental and neurological disorders such as sensorimotor instability, attention deficit hyperactivity, sensory defensiveness, autism, nonassociative fear and anxiety, schizophrenia, addiction and craving, pain sensitization and phantom sensations, etc.
An Electrochemically Regenerative Hydrogen‐Chlorine Energy Storage System: A Study of Mass and Heat Balances (1979)

A study has been made to characterize the operating conditions of an electrochemically regenerative hydrogen‐chlorine energy storage system. A nonsteady‐state mass and heat balance was used to determine the changes in the electrolyte concentration, temperature, cell voltage, and flow rate requirements during charge and discharge. The over‐all electric‐to‐electric efficiency was calculated for various operating overvoltages. A simple thermal analysis is also presented for estimating temperature excursions and system performances.
A novel seven transmembrane receptor induced during the early steps of astrocyte differentiation identified by differential expression (2002)

The rat glial progenitor cell line CG-4 can be induced to differentiate into either oligodendrocytes or type-2 astrocytes. In order to identify genes whose expression varies coincident with such phenotypic differentiation, we employed representational difference analysis (RDA) of mRNA. Here, we report 38 cDNAs induced in type-2 astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or both differentiated states. Among these were known transcription factors, membrane receptors, extracellular matrix proteins, secreted signaling modulators, chromatin regulators and myelin sheath components. In addition several novel genes were identified; among these was a gene induced during the very early stages of astrocyte differentiation that we have named Ieda (induced early in differentiating astrocytes). Several Ieda transcripts were detected by RT-PCR, and appeared to be produced by alternative splicing and promoter usage. The protein deduced from the longest Ieda mRNA exhibited sequence features characteristic of G-protein coupled receptors, including seven putative transmembrane domains, while the shorter Ieda transcripts encoded proteins that lacked several transmembrane segments. In the adult rat, Ieda transcripts were found exclusively in brain and testis. In the developing rat brain, Ieda expression was first detected at embryonic day 16, that is two days before the first appearance of mature astrocytes. Thus, this approach has yielded a potential source of markers for differentiation states of these two cellular types as well as genes predicted to be functionally involved in the differentiation process itself.
eF-site and PDBjViewer: database and viewer for protein functional sites (2004)

The eF-site database and PDBjViewer are freely available from http://www.pdbj.org/eF-site/
Cell-mediated infection of cervix derived epithelial cells with primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus (1996)

We have previously demonstrated that HIV-infected transformed T-cells or monocytes adhere to monolayers of CD4-negative epithelial cells. Adhesion is soon followed by budding of HIV from infected mononuclear cells onto the surface of epithelial cells. Epithelial cells subsequently take up virus and become productively infected. Based on these findings, we proposed that sexual transmission of HIV may involve cell-mediated infection of intact mucosal epithelia of the urogenital tract. However, it has become increasingly clear that primary cells and HIV strains isolated from patients are more appropriate models for HIV infection than established cell lines and lab strains of virus. In the studies described here, we infected cervix-derived epithelial monolayers with primary monocytes infected with patient isolates of non-syncytial inducing (NSI) macrophage-tropic strains of HIV. Under the culture conditions employed, HIV-infected primary monocytes do not remain adherent to the apical surface of the epithelium, as did HIV-infected transformed cells. Instead, following adherence, the primary cells migrate between epithelial cells. Virus is secreted from a pseudopod as HIV-infected primary monocytes pass between cells of the epithelium. Productive infection of the epithelium was detected by p24 ELISA and PCR Southern blot analysis. Infection can be blocked by sera from HIV-seropositive individuals or by certain sulfated polysaccharides. These findings support the supposition that transmission of HIV may occur via cell-mediated infection of intact epithelia. The observations also hint at the possibility that-HIV-infected monocyte/macrophages in semen or cervical-vaginal secretions could cross intact epithelia by passing between epithelial cells. Blocking studies suggest that it may be possible to inhibit sexual transmission of HIV either by antibodies in genital tract secretions or by a topical formulation containing certain sulfated polysaccharides.
Semi-Partitioned Hard-Real-Time Scheduling under Locked Cache Migration in Multicore Systems (2012)

As real-time embedded systems integrate more and more functionality, they are demanding increasing amounts of computational power that can only be met by deploying multicore architectures. The use of multicore architectures with on-chip memory hierarchies and shared communication infrastructure in the context of real-time systems poses several challenges for task scheduling. In this paper, we present a predictable semi-partitioned strategy for scheduling a set of independent hard-real-time tasks on homogeneous multicore platforms using cache locking and locked cache migration. Semipartitioned scheduling strategies form a middle ground between the two extreme approaches, namely global and partitioned scheduling. By making most tasks non-migrating (partitioned), runtime migration overhead is minimized. On the other hand, by allowing some tasks to migrate among cores, schedulability of task sets may be improved. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in improving task set schedulability over purely partitioned approaches while maintaining real-time predictability of migrating tasks. In our simulations, we achieve an average increase in utilization of 37.31% and an average increase in density of 81.36% compared to purely partitioned task allocation.
Atherosclerosis in rabbit vein grafts. (1989)

Human coronary saphenous vein bypass grafts develop atherosclerosis more readily than do grafts made of internal mammary artery. The reasons for this increased susceptibility, particularly in the presence of hyperlipidemia, are not known. In this study in rabbits, we investigated the possibility that the increased susceptibility might be attributed to increased smooth muscle proliferation and foam cell accumulation in vein grafts compared to native artery. Hypercholesterolemic and control rabbits underwent placement of jugular vein grafts in the carotid artery. Dietary cholesterol content was adjusted to maintain serum cholesterol levels of 200 to 600 mg/dl in the fat-fed rabbits. The vein graft intimal thickness in hypercholesterolemic rabbits was greater than in normolipemic rabbits at 3 and 6 months after implant. The increased thickness in the hypercholesterolemic group was largely accounted for by an accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages. Medial thicknesses increased during the first month, remained constant at later times, and were similar in control and hypercholesterolemic animals. In both groups, endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation (thymidine labeling) increased immediately after graft implantation and declined at 3 and 6 months. No incremental mitogenic stimulus could be attributed to the hypercholesterolemia. In immunohistochemical preparations, the large foam cells were noted to be macrophages, and the intimal proliferating cells, to be smooth muscle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Henoch-Schönlein purpura and Hodgkin’s disease (1988)

A 39 year old man who presented with classical Henoch-Schönlein purpura was shown to have mediastinal nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's lymphoma. The Henoch-Schönlein purpura resolved after treatment of the lymphoma.
Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT): from principal photophysics to the development of new chromophores and applications in fluorescent molecular probes and luminescent materials (2011)

In this perspective we introduce the basic photophysics of the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) chromophores, then the state-of-the-art development of the ESIPT chromophores and their applications in chemosensors, biological imaging and white-light emitting materials are summarized. Most of the applications of the ESIPT chromophores are based on the photophysics properties, such as design of fluorescent chemosensors by perturbation of the ESIPT process upon interaction with the analytes, their use as biological fluorescent tags to study DNA-protein interaction by probing the variation of the hydration, or design of white-light emitting materials by employing the large Stokes shift of the ESIPT chromophores (to inhibit the Föster energy transfer of the components). The photophysical mechanism of these applications is discussed. Furthermore, a new research topic concerning the ESIPT chromophores is proposed based on our group's results, that is, to develop organic triplet sensitizers with ESIPT chromophores.
Regulatory Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2, and Protein-4 on Gene Expression of Extracellular Matrix Proteins and Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells (1994)

The expression of developmental stage-specific genes during pulp cell differentiation into preodontoblasts was examined in bovine adult pulp cell culture. When proliferation was down-regulated after 14 days of primary culture, expression of fibronectin and type I and type III collagen mRNAs was increased. Expression of alkaline phosphatase was gradually increased, and mRNA for osteocalcin, a marker of preodontoblast, appeared just before the onset of mineralization. Contrarily, in expanded culture, the expression of mRNA for the extracellular matrix proteins was gradually increased from the beginning of culture up to Day 28. Similarly, mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were also increased gradually. Expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA disappeared on Day 21 in the primary culture when expression of alkaline phosphatase mRNA was increased. BMP-4 mRNA was expressed on Day 14 when the expression of the extracellular matrix proteins was increased. BMP-2 mRNA was expressed on Day 28 when osteocalcin appeared. Recombinant TGF-beta 1 inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity, while BMP-2 and BMP-4 stimulated it. BMP-4 increased expression of alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA, and BMP-2 increased osteocalcin synthesis. These results demonstrate the regulatory role of these TGF-beta superfamily members on the gene expression of extracellular matrix proteins and the differentiation of pulp cells into preodontoblasts.