gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Reduction of Terminal Alkynes to Alkenes by Indium Metal (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSelective Reduction of Terminal Alkynes to Alkenes by Indium MetalBrindaban C. Ranu, Jyotirmoy Dutta, and Sankar K. GuchhaitView Author Information Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Calcutta - 700 032, India [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 16, 5624–5626Publication Date (Web):July 4, 2001Publication History Received9 March 2001Published online4 July 2001Published inissue 1 August 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo010262zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo010262zbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1023Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Ethers,Hydrocarbons,Indium,Metals,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Lasers and Electro-optics (1996)

1. Electromagnetic waves, light, and lasers 2. Optical frequency amplifiers 3. Introduction to two practical laser systems 4. Optical resonators containing amplifying media 5. Laser radiation 6. Control of laser oscillators 7. Optically pumped solid-state lasers 8. Gas lasers 9. Molecular gas lasers I 10. Molecular gas lasers II 11. Tunable lasers 12. Semiconductor lasers 13. Passive optical systems 14. Periodic optical systems, resonators and inhomogenous media 15. Optics of Gaussian beams 16. Optical fibers and waveguides 17. Optics of anisotropic media 18. The electro-optic and acousto-optic effects and modulation of light beams 19. Introduction to nonlinear processes 20. Wave propagation in nonlinear media 21. Detection of optical radiation 22. Coherence theory 23. Laser applications Index.
A Review of Cardioid Type Unidirectional Microphones (1940)

First Page
East Meets West in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer (2007)

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of illness and death from cancer worldwide, with nearly a million new cases diagnosed each year and a 5-year survival rate of less than 20% among patients in most parts of the world other than Japan, where the rate is closer to 60%.1 Early dissemination of the disease through the lymphatic system, blood, and peritoneum has limited the ability of optimal surgery to cure, except in patients with relatively early tumors. The detection of early disease has remained elusive in Europe and North America, but there has been some success in the East, particularly . . .
Stable and scalable metallic phase on MoS2 using forming-gas microwave plasma (2018)

Monolithic realization of metallic 1T and semiconducting 2H polymorphic phases makes MoS2 a potential candidate for future microelectronic circuits. Though co-existence of these phases has been reported, a method for engineering a stable 1T phase in a scalable manner, compatible with the standard device fabrication schemes is yet to emerge. In addition, there are no comprehensive studies on the electrical properties of the 1T phase. In this manuscript, we demonstrate a controllable and scalable 2H to 1T phase engineering technique for MoS2 using Ar + H2 microwave plasma. The technique enables us to realize 1T MoS2 starting from the 2H phase of arbitrary thickness and area. Our method allows lithographically defining continuous 1T regions in a 2H sample. The 1T samples withstand aging in excess of a few weeks in ambience and show a thermal stability up to 300 C, making it suitable for standard device fabrication techniques. We conduct both two-probe and four-probe electrical transport measurements on devices with back-gated field effect transistor geometry in a temperature range of 4 K to 300 K. The 1T samples exhibit Ohmic current-voltage characteristics in all temperature ranges without any dependence to the gate voltage, a signature indicative of metallic state. The sheet resistance of our 1T MoS2 sample is considerably lower than that of 2H samples while the carrier concentration of the 1T sample is few orders of magnitude higher than that of the 2H samples. In addition, our samples show negligible temperature dependence of resistance from 4 K to 300 K ruling out any hoping mediated or activated electrical transport.
Use of Allele‐Specific Glycophorin A Antibodies to Enumerate Fetal Erythroid Cells in Maternal Circulation (1994)

Glycophorin A (GPA) is the most abundant glycosylated protein on the erythrocyte cell surface. It is expressed in an erythroid lineage-specific manner, beginning late in terminal erythrocyte differentiation and is restricted to mature erthrocytes, reticulocytes and bone marrow and circulating erythroblasts. It is commonly used as a definitive marker of erythroid cell-types. The GPA gene is also the genetic determinant of the MN blood group. There are two common alleles at the GPA locus, GPA-M and GPA-N, that segregate in the human population at approximately equal frequencies. These alleles are codominant, with heterozygotes expressing approximately equal amounts of each form of the protein on their cell surface. We have used this polymorphism at the GPA locus as the basis for an in vivo human somatic mutation assay, determining the frequency of variant erythrocytes with allele-loss phenotypes. This has necessitated the development of sensitive immunocytochemical and flow cytometric techniques for detection of these rare mutational events. We have found that these techniques are easily adapted to the task of enumerating and isolating fetal nucleated erythrocytes. In the present study, a total of 220 sets of cord blood and maternal samples were obtained with informed consent for analysis with the GPA flow cytometric assay. Comparison of the frequency of allele loss and duplication variants (N/N) shows a clear and significant elevation in the mothers known to be carrying N/N babies versus either of the other two genetically defined populations. We would therefore estimate the number of fetal cells in the maternal circulation at term to be approximately the difference between our quantitative measurements of N/N cells in mothers of N/N babies and mothers of either M/M or M/N babies, or ~5 x 10-6 cells labeling distinctively with our allele-specific GPA antibodies.
Curvelets‐based ECG steganography for data security (2016)

Biomedical signals transmitted over the internet are usually tagged with patient information. Data hiding techniques such as steganography ensures the security of such data by hiding the data into signals. However, data hiding results in signal deterioration that might affect diagnosability. A novel technique which uses curvelet transforms to hide patient information into their ECG signal is presented. Curvelet transform decomposes the ECG signal into frequency sub‐bands. A quantisation approach is used to embed patient data into coefficients whose values are around zero, in the high‐frequency sub‐band. Performance metrics provide the measure of watermark imperceptibility of the proposed approach. BER is used to measure the ability to extract patient data. The proposed approach is demonstrated on the MIT‐BIH database and the observations validate that its performance is superior compared with the random locations approach. Although the performance of the proposed approach decreases as patient information size increases, the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio values are high. Therefore, the proposed approach can be used for the safe transfer of patient data.
AMPK-induced activation of Akt by AICAR is mediated by IGF-1R dependent and independent mechanisms in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2010)

Our study demonstrates that AMPK activates Akt through IGF-1R dependent and independent mechanisms. Co-targeting IGF-1R and related downstream metabolic and oncogenic signaling pathways represent a potential strategy for future translation into novel ALL therapies.
Combination of amisulpride and olanzapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenic psychoses (2004)

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia often leads to combined application of antipsychotic drugs. We report first experience with the combination of olanzapine and amisulpride. Improvement of psychopathological state and side effects could be achieved, and drug doses were lower than under monotherapy. We thus conclude that this approach represents a useful therapeutic option.
Syntheses of Acetogenins of Annonaceae: A New Class of Bioactive Polyketides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of Acetogenins of Annonaceae: A New Class of Bioactive PolyketidesBruno FigadereCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1995, 28, 9, 359–365Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00057a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00057a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views501Altmetric-Citations120LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Production of kinoforms by single point diamond machining (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text , "Production of kinoforms by single point diamond machining," Optics News 15(12), 39-40 (1989) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Spetrophotometric measurement of the conformations of Glu-and Lys-plasminogen. (1985)

Glu-and Lys-plasminogen (plg) were subjected to low pH (pH 2.0). Their conformation and activation rates were measured. The activtaion rates of Glu-plg enhanced after acidified. The increase was irreversible even after a short interval of acidification. The activation rate of acidified Glu-plg did not increase in the presence of fibrin or fibrinogen. The activation rate of acidified Lys-plg rather decreased and was not influenced in the presence of fibrin or fibrinogen. The fluorescence intensity at 340nm of plasminogen decreased after acidification. The negative molar ellipticity, [Θ], of Glu-plg decreased after acidification but that of Lys-plg did not change.These results indicate that the conformational change corresponded to the increased activation rate of Glu-plg after the acidification. Although the tertiary conformation of Lys-plg changed after the acidification, its activation rate did not change.
Immune modulation of Prevotella intermedia colonization in squirrel monkeys (1991)

Colonization of the gingival crevice by black-pigmented Porphyromonas or Prevotella spp. (BP/P), including Porphyromonas gingivalis (formerly Bacteroides gingivalis) and Prevotella intermedia (formerly Bacteroides intermedius), is thought to be an important ecological event which may result in the destruction of connective tissues supporting the teeth. Theoretically, periodontal diseases could be prevented if these or other periodontal pathogenic microorganisms did not colonize the subgingival area. The humoral immune response is one mechanism which may modulate bacterial colonization in the gingival crevice. In the present study, we tested the effect of systemic humoral immunity on subgingival colonization by indigenous P. intermedia in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Animals rendered essentially free of detectable BP/P by a single scaling, 10 days of tetracycline therapy, and toothbrushing three times per week were immunized with P. intermedia 1447 or were sham immunized with phosphate-buffered saline. Subsequently, all oral hygiene procedures were discontinued and five teeth in one quadrant were ligated with bacterium-soaked suture material to facilitate BP/P colonization. Immunization resulted in a significant increase in the level of immunoglobulin G anti-P. intermedia antibody in serum. Two weeks after ligation was initiated, P. intermedia could be detected in five of six sham-immunized and three of six immunized animals. Immunization was associated with a reduction in the emergence of indigenous P. intermedia in the gingival crevice.
Primary and metastatic breast carcinoma: initial clinical evaluation with PET with the radiolabeled glucose analogue 2-[F-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. (1991)

The authors assessed whether breast cancers can be detected by means of positron emission tomography (PET) with the positron-emitter-labeled glucose analogue 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). In 12 patients with primary and/or metastatic breast cancer, PET images of F-18 distribution in vivo were obtained approximately 1 hour after intravenous injection of 10 mCi of FDG. Scan findings were correlated with other imaging data and physical examination and biopsy results. Ten of 10 primary breast cancers were imaged by means of FDG PET with a tumor:background FDG uptake ratio of 8.1 (median). Ten of 10 bone metastases were imaged with a tumor:normal bone uptake ratio of 6.05 (median). Five of five known soft-tissue metastases and four previously unsuspected nodal lesions were found with PET. No false-positive foci of FDG uptake were demonstrated. In two cases with negative mammograms due to dense breast parenchyma, FDG PET clearly delineated the primary tumors. These preliminary data demonstrate the feasibility and substantial potential of PET scanning with FDG to detect and localize both primary and metastatic breast cancers.
HIV and Community Mental Healthcare (1997)

HIV/AIDS affects people psychologically like no other disease. HIV-infected persons can experience a wide range of psychological and neuropsychological problems that require mental health treatment. At times, their family, friends, and healthcare workers may need mental health services. People at risk of infection may also benefit from mental health intervention. In HIV and Community Mental Healthcare, Michael D. Knox and Caroline H. Sparks bring together a distinguished group of contributors in the first book on the unique contributions to prevention and treatment that community mental healthcare workers may make to persons affected by HIV. The authors begin by discussing basic aspects of HIV disease with which mental health clinicians need to be familiar, such as epidemiology, law, ethics, detection, and transmission. They then address mental health interventions for stress, depression, and suicide. Special topics include women and HIV, multicultural issues, mental illness, and drug abuse. HIV and Community Mental Healthcare is an interdisciplinary handbook for practitioners as well as a course textbook for students. The book will be of interest to mental healthcare professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nurses, and counselors. It is intended to help this audience improve their ability to care for persons affected by HIV and AIDS.
Influence of Tigecycline on Expression of Virulence Factors in Biofilm-Associated Cells of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2009)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are complicated by the ability of the organism to grow in surface-adhered biofilms on a multitude of abiotic and biological surfaces. These multicellular communities are notoriously difficult to eradicate with antimicrobial therapy. Cells within the biofilm may be exposed to a sublethal concentration of the antimicrobial due to the metabolic and phenotypic diversity of the biofilm-associated cells or the protection offered by the biofilm structure. In the present study, the influence of a sublethal concentration of tigecycline on biofilms formed by an epidemic MRSA-16 isolate was investigated by transcriptome analysis. In the presence of the drug, 309 genes were upregulated and 213 genes were downregulated by more than twofold in comparison to the levels of gene regulation detected for the controls not grown in the presence of the drug. Microarray data were validated by real-time reverse transcription-PCR and phenotypic assays. Tigecycline altered the expression of a number of genes encoding proteins considered to be crucial for the virulence of S. aureus. These included the reduced expression of icaC, which is involved in polysaccharide intercellular adhesin production and biofilm development; the upregulation of fnbA, clfB, and cna, which encode adhesins which attach to human proteins; and the downregulation of the cap genes, which mediate the synthesis of the capsule polysaccharide. The expression of tst, which encodes toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), was also significantly reduced; and an assay performed to quantify TSST-1 showed that the level of toxin production by cells treated with tigecycline decreased by 10-fold (P < 0.001) compared to the level of production by untreated control cells. This study suggests that tigecycline may reduce the expression of important virulence factors in S. aureus and supports further investigation to determine whether it could be a useful adjunct to therapy for the treatment of biofilm-mediated infections.
From transistors to MEMS: throughput-aware power gating in CMOS circuits (2010)

In this paper we study the effectiveness of two power gating methods -- transistor switches and MEMS switches -- in reducing the power consumption of a design with a certain target throughput. Transistor switches are simple, but have fundamental limitations in their effectiveness. MEMS switches, with zero leakage in the off state, have achieved much focus over the past decade in the RF field, but have only very recently been explored in the context of power gating. In this paper we study both methods in conjunction with voltage scaling and show that MEMS switches are the superior choice over a wide range of target throughputs, especially low-throughput applications such as wireless sensor networks and biomedical implants. We also show that the architectural choices and operating conditions in a throughput-aware design can be profoundly different when using MEMS switches as opposed to transistor switches. For instance, while transistor switches favor smaller and slower architectures, the MEMS switches favor larger and faster designs when the target throughput is low. Moreover, while the optimal operating voltage of a transistor-switched design resides in the subthreshold region, that of a MEMS-switched design can be above or near the threshold voltage. To prove this, we provide both a mathematical analysis and experimental results from four different FFT architectures.
Composite Materials Containing Solid Lubricants as the New Sliding Contact Materials (1999)

The applicability of composite materials containing laminar solid lubricants to sliding contacts was studied. Performances of several composite materials prepared by incorporating solid lubricants with the basic alloys of the Cu-Nb system and Cu-Sn system were investigated to test the suitability of the composite materials as sliding contacts. As a result, it was clarified that the composite materials based on Cu-Sn alloy were superior to those based on Cu-Nb alloy and those containing only WS2 and not MoS2 were more effective in reducing both the contact resistance and the coefficient of friction. Based on the relationship between the contact resistance and the coefficient of friction obtained in this experimental study, the author proposed a new model for electric contact of composite materials. key words: laminar solid lubricants, sliding contacts, contact
Anabolic Effect of .BETA.-Cryptoxanthin on Bone Components in the Femoral Tissues of Aged Rats in Vivo and in Vitro (2004)

The effect of β-cryptoxanthin on bone components in the femoral tissues of aged rats was investigated. β-Cryptoxanthin was isolated from Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu MARC.). β-Cryptoxanthin (5, 10, or 20 μg/100 g body weight) was orally administered once daily for 7 days to aged (50 week old) female rats. The administration of β-cryptoxanthin (10 or 20 μg/100 g body weight) caused a significant increase in calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues. Femoral-diaphyseal calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity were significantly increased by the dose of 5 μg/100 g body weight. A significant increase in metaphyseal alkaline phosphatase activity was also seen with the dose of 5 μg β-cryptoxanthin/100 g body weight. Moreover, bone tissues were cultured for 48 hr in serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing either vehicle or β-cryptoxanthin (10-7 or 10-6 M). The presence of β-cryptoxanthin (10-7 or 10-6 M) caused a significant increase in calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues obtained from aged (50 week old) female rats. These increases were completely abolished in the presence of cycloheximide (10-6 M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis. This study demonstrated that β-cryptoxanthin has an anabolic effect on bone components in aged female rats in vivo and in vitro.
Optimization of Gamma Knife treatment planning via guided evolutionary simulated annealing (2001)

We present a method for generating optimized Gamma Knife (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden) radiosurgery treatment plans. This semiautomatic method produces a highly conformal shot packing plan for the irradiation of an intracranial tumor. We simulate optimal treatment planning criteria with a probability function that is linked to every voxel in a volumetric (MR or CT) region of interest. This sigmoidal P+ parameter models the requirement of conformality (i.e., tumor ablation and normal tissue sparing). After determination of initial radiosurgery treatment parameters, a guided evolutionary simulated annealing (GESA) algorithm is used to find the optimal size, position, and weight for each shot. The three-dimensional GESA algorithm searches the shot parameter space more thoroughly than is possible during manual shot packing and provides one plan that is suitable to the treatment criteria of the attending neurosurgeon and radiation oncologist. The result is a more conformal plan, which also reduces redundancy, and saves treatment administration time.