gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic characteristics of a magnetic head slider (1985)

The estimation of the dynamic characteristics of magnetic head sliders is essential for the design of the recent disk file systems with reduced head-to-disk spacing. This paper presents a method for measuring the head slider flying height fluctuation caused by disturbances on the disk and head arm vibration. A numerical analysis of the head assembly including suspension spring and gas-bearing slider is presented. The experimental and analytical results are compared and it is clarified that the many resonant peaks of head slider's spacing fluctuation in the low frequency region are caused by the resonance of the suspension spring.
Nonadherence With Mood Stabilizers (2002)

Rates of mood stabilizer nonadherence are high. Attitudes and behaviors are better predictors of nonadherence than side effects from medication. Clinicians need to inquire routinely about problems with adherence.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of Novel 4‐Phenyl‐2‐[3‐(alkynyl/alkenyl/aryl)phenyl]pyrimidine Libraries via Michael Addition, Cyclization, and C—C Coupling Reactions: A New MCR Strategy. (2013)

Abstract Phenyl‐substituted pyrimidines, prepared in situ via Michael addition, cyclization, isomerization, and dehydration, undergo Pd‐catalyzed couplings to give the required medicinal scaffolds.
Verifiable functional purity in java (2008)

Proving that particular methods within a code base are functionally pure--deterministic and side-effect free--would aid verification of security properties including function invertibility, reproducibility of computation, and safety of untrusted code execution. Until now it has not been possible to automatically prove a method is functionally pure within a high-level imperative language in wide use, such as Java. We discuss a technique to prove that methods are functionally pure by writing programs in a subset of Java called Joe-E; a static verifier ensures that programs fall within the subset. In Joe-E, pure methods can be trivially recognized from their method signature. To demonstrate the practicality of our approach, we refactor an AES library, an experimental voting machine implementation, and an HTML parser to use our techniques. We prove that their top-level methods are verifiably pure and show how this provides high-level security guarantees about these routines. Our approach to verifiable purity is an attractive way to permit functional-style reasoning about security properties while leveraging the familiarity, convenience, and legacy code of imperative languages.
Biological and antigenic similarities of murine interferon-gamma and macrophage-activating factor. (1984)

Murine peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) treated with murine recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (greater than 99% estimated purity), or concanavalin A-stimulated spleen cell supernatants developed tumoricidal properties (macrophage activation factor [MAF] activity). MAF activity was found to occur with treatments of 10 U/ml IFN-gamma, and at levels as low as 1 U/ml IFN-gamma if a second signal (5 ng/ml endotoxin) was present in the MAF assay. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) alone at these levels failed to induce MAF; induction of MAF was observed at 1,000-fold greater levels. The ability of IFN-gamma to stimulate murine PEC was species specific. Various sources of materials that displayed MAF activity, including supernatants from interleukin 2-dependent cloned cytotoxic murine T lymphocyte lines that did not display detectable antiviral activity, were neutralized by antibody raised and affinity purified against recombinant IFN-gamma. Thus, IFN-gamma, although never detectable by antiviral assays, appears to be present in many lymphokine preparations and has potent macrophage activation capability.
Microbumping technology for hybrid IR detectors, 10&#x03BC;m pitch and beyond (2014)

In order to assess the feasibility of a more mass-manufacturable process, IMEC has developed microbump technologies down to 10μm pitch. The micro bumps are based on Cu/Ni/Sn semi additive plating and built at wafer level using a process fully compatible with standard packaging infrastructures. Different test materials with 15, 10 and even 5μm pitch Sn microbumps were processed for a total amount of 640 × 512 (VGA), 1024 × 768 (XGA) and 3072 × 3072 pixels respectively. The microbumped Si chips were assembled with glass chips, InGaAs and HgCdTe compounds and subjected to thermocycling reliability evaluation.
Lipoxygenase-derived hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids—novel perioperative markers of early post-transplant allograft function? (2010)

We hereby report that human kidney transplantations are accompanied by significant changes in LOX AA metabolism, which strongly influences and predicts early (1 year) post-transplant graft function.
Minimum padding to satisfy short path constraints (1993)

Combinational circuits are often embedded in synchronous designs with memory elements at the input and output ports. A performance metric for a circuit is the cycle time of the clock signal. Correct circuit operation requires that all paths have a delay that lies between an upper bound and a lower bound. Traditional approaches in delay optimization for combinational circuits have dealt with methods to decrease the delay of the longest path. We address the issue of satisfying the lower bound constraints. Such a problem also arises in wave pipelining of circuits. We propose to handle short path constraints as a post processing step after traditional delay optimization techniques. There are two issues presented in this paper. We first discuss necessary and sufficient conditions for successful delay insertion without increasing delays of any long paths. In the second part, we present a naive approach to padding delays (greedy heuristic) and an algorithm based on linear programming. We describe an application of the theory to wave pipelining of circuits. Results are presented on a set of benchmark circuits, using two delay models.
Feasibility and Cardiac Safety of Inhaled Xenon in Combination With Therapeutic Hypothermia Following Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* (2013)

Xenon treatment in combination with hypothermia is feasible and has favorable cardiac features in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Phase I trial of an infrared pulsed laser device in patients with advanced neoplasias. (2002)

The IPLD treatment studied is safe for clinical use and may have potential effects on KPS, QLI, and antitumor activity in patients with advanced neoplasias.
What is meant by local literacies? (1994)

Abstract This paper addresses some of the problems that arise when literacy education is brought from national and international centres to groups of people whose primary identity is with local languages and literacies. There is often a tension between these two dimensions of literacy practice—the local and the national/international. The paper aims to put these issues on the agenda and to consider some of the key questions under a number of headings. Noticing Local Literacies raises the question how far do national and international literacy campaigns fail even to notice that the people to whom they are bringing literacy do already practice some form of reading and writing? Recently researchers and practitioners have begun to take a less ethnocentric and less top‐down approach and some of that literature is reviewed here. Researchers as well as practitioners now refer to ’multiple literacies’ and ask ‘which literacies’ it is intended to bring to the recipients. The policy and practical questions this raises are reviewed. The concept of ’local literacies’ is developed, with reference to three areas: (1) Different Languages and Writing Systems, (2) Invented Local Literacies and (3) Vernacular Literacies. Finally the implications for Literacy Policy of the theoretical debates and practical knowledge are considered.
Geospatial Metadata Querying and Visualization on the WWW Using (1996)

This paper presents the query and visualization interfaces of the Master Environmental Library (MEL) system. MEL uses the World Wide Web (WWW) to make accessible distributed data whose metadata conform to the Federal Geographic Data Committee’s (FGDC) content standards for digital geospatial metadata. The inte$aces are implemented as JavP applets and are more intuitive, interactive and possess greater functionality than their Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) counterparts. As well as que ying, the interface allows users to visualize and manage the list of query results so that users can more quickly discover the datasets of real interest. Several new tools used to visualize attributes of the metadata are presented.
Production of High-Q Ions by Laser Bombardment Method (1981)

The expanding plasma produced when an intense pulse of laser radiation is focused in vacuum onto a solid target has been used as a source of highly stripped ions for collision cross-section measurements. Usable fluxes of carbon nuclei at energies of a few hundred eV/charge have been obtained by irradiation of graphite with pulses of CO2 laser radiation at a focused power density of 3 × 1010 W/cm2. Bombardment of aluminum and iron targets at comparable power levels have yielded ions of maximum charges of 9 and 16 respectively. A time-of-flight apparatus has been constructed to utilize the laser source for measurement of electron capture cross sections for highly stripped ions in gases at energies in the few hundred eV/charge range. Apertures collimate an ion beam from the plasma blowoff, and an electrostatic analyzer selects ions from the expanding plasma which have the same energy per charge. The beam is directed through a gas target cell, charge analyzed once more by deceleration, and detected by a channel plate electron multiplier used in a current amplification mode. Electron capture cross sections have been measured for C+q ions, q = 3, 4, 5 in H2 at energies ranging from 150-1160 eV/charge. Preliminary data have been obtained for carbon ions in atomic hydrogen, and similar measurements are planned for O+q and Fe+q ions.
Real time analysis for the synthesis of high quality male, female and child speech (2002)

The analysis and synthesis of speech are two problems that have long been investigated. In order that the successful machine production of high quality speech can be realised, these problems have to be addressed jointly if a satisfactory conclusion is to reached. This paper presents an integrated analysis and synthesis system, developed to complement each other, resulting in high quality, multi lingual and dialectal speech synthesis and analysis in real time.
Straightforward Access to Hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐<i>b</i>]indole Core by a Regioselective C3‐Azo Coupling Reaction of Arenediazonium Compounds with Tryptamines (2014)

A base-mediated regioselective electrophilic addition of arenediazonium salts at the C3-position of tryptamines followed by cyclization provides an efficient entry to C3-nitrogenated hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-<i>b</i>]indoles (HPIs) that can subsequently be transformed into 3-arylhexahydropyrrolo[2,3-<i>b</i>]indoles and other HPI derivatives. The reaction is the first example of a 1,2-diamination that utilizes easily accessible arenediazonium salts as nitrogenous electrophiles.
Calibration of carrier phase GPS receivers (2003)

With the development of better standards we are investigating the use of GPS carrier phase for time transfer. Currently Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer (TWSTT) can be used as a means to compare two remote clods at an uncertainty of one part in 10/sup 14/. Using TWSTT as a baseline, we can show some of the promising results obtained with the GPS carrier phase method of time transfer. We also discuss receiver reset calibration using 1 pps data and differences in our results when using predicted versus precise ephemerides.
Synthesis and characterization of rhodium oxide nanoparticles in mesoporous MCM-41 (1999)

Rhodium-containing MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves (Rh-MCM-41) were synthesized by adding RhCl3·3H2O to a mixed silicate–surfactant gel prior to hydrothermal synthesis. The obtained Rh-MCM-41 samples were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, TEM, 29Si solid-state NMR and XPS. It was found that rhodium oxide nanoparticles <3 nm were located in the MCM-41 mesopore channels or 6 nm rhodium oxide particles were dispersed in the MCM-41 matrices, depending on the hydrothermal synthesis temperature and the aging conditions. The unit cell and pore wall thickness of Rh-MCM-41 synthesized at 423 K were 5.71 and 2.31 nm, respectively, which were larger than those of the corresponding pure Si-MCM-41. The increase in the pore wall thickness may be due to enhancement of cross-linking of â–·Si–OH in the silicate gel by the presence of Rh ions.
Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals: Thermodynamic versus Kinetic Products (2015)

This Perspective provides a contemporary understanding of the shape evolution of colloidal metal nanocrystals under thermodynamically and kinetically controlled conditions. It has been extremely challenging to investigate this subject in the setting of one-pot synthesis because both the type and number of seeds involved would be changed whenever the experimental conditions are altered, making it essentially impossible to draw conclusions when comparing the outcomes of two syntheses conducted under different conditions. Because of the uncertainty about seeds, most of the mechanistic insights reported in literature for one-pot syntheses of metal nanocrystals with different shapes are either incomplete or ambiguous, and some of them might be misleading or even wrong. Recently, with the use of well-defined seeds for such syntheses, it became possible to separate growth from nucleation and therefore investigate the explicit role(s) played by a specific thermodynamic or kinetic parameter in directing the evolution of colloidal metal nanocrystals into a specific shape. Starting from single-crystal seeds enclosed by a mix of {100}, {111}, and {110} facets, for example, one can obtain colloidal nanocrystals with diversified shapes by adjusting various thermodynamic or kinetic parameters. The mechanistic insights learnt from these studies can also be extended to account for the products of conventional one-pot syntheses that involve self-nucleation only. The knowledge can be further applied to many other types of seeds with twin defects or stacking faults, making it an exciting time to design and synthesize colloidal metal nanocrystals with the shapes sought for a variety of fundamental studies and technologically important applications.
OPTIMUM LOADING ON NONPLANAR WINGS AT MINIMUM INDUCED DRAG (1969)

Abstract : A numerical technique was developed for computing the optimum spanwise load distribution on nonplanar wings of arbitrary shape. Munk's criterion for minimum induced drag was used. The problem is solved in the two- dimensional Trefftz plane. The two-dimensional shed vortex sheet is assumed to have the same shape as the nonplanar wing from which it was shed. The vortex sheet in the Trefftz plane is subdivided into 2N segments. Each vortex sheet segment is assumed to have a linear vorticity distribution. The velocity induced at N-Q stations is determined with the Biot-Savart law. The problem is then reduced to solving a set of linear algebraic equations. The technique was applied to nonplanar wings with various dihedral angles and locations of the nonplanar wing sections. It was concluded that if the span is the limiting factor then it may be advantageous to use nonplanar wings. On the other hand, if the wing total peripheral length is limited, then the planar wing is always the most desirable configuration, with the highest lift over drag ratio.
Leucine incorporation into mixed skeletal muscle protein in humans (1988)

Fractional mixed skeletal muscle protein synthesis (FMPS) was estimated in 10 postabsorptive healthy men by determining the increment in the abundance of [13C]-leucine in quadriceps muscle protein during an intravenous infusion of L-[1-13C]leucine. FMPS in our subjects was 0.046 +/- 0.003%/h. Whole-body muscle protein synthesis (MPS) was calculated based on the estimation of muscle mass from creatinine excretion and compared with whole-body protein synthesis (WBPS) calculated from the nonoxidative portion of leucine flux. A significant correlation (r2 = 0.73, P less than 0.05) was found between MPS (44.7 +/- 3.4 mg.kg-1.h-1) and WBPS (167.8 +/- 8.5 mg.kg-1.h-1). The contribution of MPS to WBPS was 27 +/- 1%, which is comparable to the reports in other species. Morphometric analyses of adjacent muscle samples in eight subjects demonstrated that the biopsy specimens consisted of 86.5 +/- 2% muscular as opposed to other tissues. Because fiber type composition varies between biopsies, we examined the relationship between proportions of each fiber type and FMPS. Variation in the composition of biopsies and in fiber-type proportion did not affect the estimation of muscle protein synthesis rate. We conclude that stable isotope techniques using serial needle biopsies permit the direct measurement of FMPS in humans and that this estimation is correlated with an indirect estimation of WBPS.
Biological Activity of Some 2-Arylamino-4-aryloxyacetyl-Δ<sup>2</sup>-1, 3, 4-thiadiazolidine Derivatives (1994)

殺虫, 殺菌, 除草など幅広い生物活性を有するチアジアゾリジンを母核とした2-アリールアミノ-4-アリールオキシアセチル-5-フェニル-Δ2-1,3,4-チアジアゾリジン (1) および2-アリールアミノ-4-アリールオキシアセチル-5,5-ジメチル-Δ2-1,3,4-チアジアゾリジン (2) のそれぞれ8種類の誘導体を合成した. これら誘導体の殺草活性および殺菌活性について検討した結果, 除草活性には (1), (2) 化合物ともにチアジアゾリジン環に対する2-クロロあるいは3-メチルフェノキシアセチル部分と4-メトキシフェニルアミノ部分の存在が重要であることが認められた. また, 殺菌活性では2-クロロフェノキシアセチル部分を有する (1) 化合物が高い活性を示した.
The Prediction of Diabetic Neuropathic Plantar Foot Ulceration by Liquid-Crystal Contact Thermography (1994)

LCT is a simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive method of identifying the neuropathic foot at increased risk of ulceration. Patients with high plantar foot temperatures are at increased risk of neuropathic foot ulceration. A normal or low MFT in the neuropathic foot is a marker of PVD, which confers an increased risk of ischemic foot disease.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Systematic Analysis of Transverse Sinus Stenting (2013)

Although all published case reports and case series are nonrandomized, the low complication and high symptom improvement rate make dural sinus stenting for IIH a potential alternative surgical treatment. Standardized patient selection and randomization trials or registry are warranted.
Gating and protection of IGBT in an inverter (2002)

The authors present the development of a novel gate drive for the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). Apart from the essential functions of the pulse voltage level control and isolation, the gate drive generates the galvanically isolated status signal, detects overcurrent through the device, and withdraws gate pulse in the event of overcurrent. The status signal generated by the gate drive is used to interlock two IGBTs in a phase of an inverter so that simultaneous conduction of the two IGBTs is avoided. The gate drive detects the overcurrent indirectly by monitoring the collector-emitter voltage. The authors also discuss the results of mathematical analysis of the short-circuit current in a chopper using IGBTs, BJTs, and GTOs (gate turn-off thyristors), with a view to explaining the concept of protection of IGBTs using collector-emitter voltage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intense Sweetener Mixture Resolution by Flow Injection Method with On-Line Monolithic Element (2009)

Abstract A multi-analyte flow through method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of aspartame (AS), acesulfame-K (AK), and saccharin (SA) in several food and soft drink samples. The procedure is based on the transient retention of the three sweeteners in a commercial quaternary amine ion exchanger monolithic column, placed in its specific holder, and allocated in a monochannel FIA setup using pH 9.0 Tris buffer 0.03 M, NaCl 0,4 M, and NaClO4 0,005 M as carrier. In these conditions AS is very weakly retained, while AK and SA are more strongly retained, making it possible to measure the intrinsic UV absorbance of, first, AS and then AK and SA after desorption by the carrier itself. The applicable concentration range, the detection limit, and the relative standard deviation were the following: for AS, from 9.5 to 130.0 µg·mL−1; 2.87 µg·mL−1; 1.46% (at 65 µg·mL−1); for AK, between 2.2 and 600.0 µg·mL−1; 1.0 µg·mL−1, and 0.08% (at 300 µg·mL−1); and for SA, between 3.0 and 600.0 µg·mL−1; 0.9 µg·mL−1, and 0.09% (at 300 µg·mL−1). The method was applied and validated satisfactorily for the determination of AS, AK, and SA in foods and soft drink samples, comparing the results against an HPLC reference method.
Cell Adhesion Properties on Photochemically Functionalized Diamond (2007)

The biocompatibility of diamond was investigated with a view toward correlating surface chemistry and topography with cellular adhesion and growth. The adhesion properties of normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells on microcrystalline and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) surfaces were measured using atomic force microscopy. Cell adhesion forces increased by several times on the hydrogenated diamond surfaces after UV irradiation of the surfaces in air or after functionalization with undecylenic acid. A direct correlation between initial cell adhesion forces and the subsequent cell growth was observed. Cell adhesion forces were observed to be strongest on UV-treated UNCD, and cell growth experiments showed that UNCD was intrinsically more biocompatible than microcrystalline diamond surfaces. The surface carboxylic acid groups on the functionalized diamond surface provide tethering sites for laminin to support the growth of neuron cells. Finally, using capillary injection, a surface gradient of polyethylene glycol could be assembled on top of the diamond surface for the construction of a cell gradient.
Precision vector control of a superconducting RF cavity driven by an injection locked magnetron (2015)

The technique presented in this paper enables the regulation of both radio frequency amplitude and phase in narrow band devices such as a Superconducting RF (SRF) cavity driven by constant power output devices i.e. magnetrons. The ability to use low cost high efficiency magnetrons for accelerator RF power systems, with tight vector regulation, presents a substantial cost savings in both construction and operating costs compared to current RF power system technology. An operating CW system at 2.45 GHz has been experimentally developed. Vector control of an injection locked magnetron has been extensively tested and characterized with a SRF cavity as the load. Amplitude dynamic range of 30 dB, amplitude stability of 0.3% r.m.s, and phase stability of 0.26 degrees r.m.s. has been demonstrated.