gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study on video browsing strategies (1997)

Abstract: Due to the unique characteristics of video, traditional surrogates and control/browsing mechanisms that facilitate text-based information retrieval may not work sufficiently for video. In this paper, a video browsing interface prototype with key frames and fast play-back mechanisms was built and tested. Subjects performed two kinds of browsing-related tasks: object identification and video comprehension under different display speeds (1 fps, 4 fps, 8 fps, 12 fps and 16 fps). It was found that browsing the key frames between 8 to 12 fps could potentially define a functional limit in object identificationaccuracy. There was no significant performance difference found across display speeds tested. The results also showed that lower speeds were required for object identification than for video comprehension. How user performance was affected by individual characteristics such as age, gender, academic background and TV- or movie-watching habits, was investigated, but no significant difference was found due to the limit of sample size and other constraints. 1.
Neuronal Hyperexcitability and Reduction of GABA<sub>A</sub>-Receptor Expression in the Surround of Cerebral Photothrombosis (1996)

Changes of neuronal excitability and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA)-receptor expression were studied in the surround of photothrombotic infarcts, which were produced in the sensorimotor cortex of the rat by using the rose bengal technique. In a first series of experiments, multiunit recordings were performed on anesthetized animals 2-3 mm lateral from the lesion. Mean discharge frequency was considerably higher in recordings from lesioned animals (> 100 Hz in the first postlesional week) compared with control animals (mean, 15 Hz). These alterations were already present after 1 day but were most pronounced 3 to 7 days after lesion induction. Thereafter the hyperexcitability declined again, although it remained visible up to 4 months. In a second series of experiments, the GABAA-receptor expression was studied autoradiographically. This revealed a reduction of GABAA receptors in widespread brain areas ipsilateral to the lesion. The reduction was most pronounced in the first days after lesion induction and declined with longer intervals. It is concluded that cortical infarction due to photothrombosis leads to a long-lasting and widespread reduction of GABAA-receptor expression in the surround of the lesion, which is associated with an increased neuronal excitability. Such alterations may be responsible for epileptic seizures that can be observed in some patients after stroke and may contribute to neurologic deficits after stroke.
U.S., EUROPE SELECT HSCT ENGINE CONCEPTS. (1993)

8 ASUBTITLE: THE EUROPEANS' NEXT STEP WILL BE TO LAUNCH A TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT EFFORT: THE U.S. HAS HAD A SIMILAR PROGRAM UNDERWAY FOR SEVERAL YEARS.
Metallurgy of additive manufacturing: Examples from electron beam melting (2014)

The metallurgy of selected metal and alloy components fabricated by additive metallurgy using electron beam melting (EBM) is presented for a range of examples including Ti-6Al-4V, Co-Cr-Mo super alloy, Ni-base super alloy systems (Inconel 625, 718 and Rene 142), Nb and Fe. Precursor and pre-alloyed powders are preheated and selectively melted using a range of EBM process parameters including beam scan strategies, beam current variations, and cooling rate features. Microstructures and residual mechanical properties are discussed for selected systems in contrast to more conventional wrought and cast products. Novel features of EBM fabrication include columnar microstructural architectures which result by layer-by-layer melt-solidification phenomena.
A universal repository architecture using the OMG UML and MOF (2002)

This paper proposes an architecture for a universal object repository for enterprise metadata management that conforms to two key principles: Integration with distributed object/component architectures such as Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) and Component Object Model (COM). Integration with metamodeling architectures and modeling standards defined in the object management group (OMG) meta object facility (MOF) and unified modeling language (UML) specifications. A summary of industry experience in integrating distributed objects and modeling technologies is also provided.
White Clover Seed Germination in Agar Containing Tall Fescue Leaf Extracts<sup>1</sup> (1986)

Studies of allelopathic effects on germination have commonly used filter paper moistened with plant extracts as a germination medium. In our laboratory, this method gave inconsistent results due to nonuniform wetting or localized swelling of the paper. The objective of this study was to develop a method using agar as the germination medium to test ‘Star’ and ‘Tillman’ white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) for germination and growth in tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) leaf extracts containing 0, 100, 200, and 300 g leaves L −1 water. White clover root length score decreased from 3.55 to 2.01 (on a 1 to 5 scale) with increasing rates of tall fescue leaf extract in agar. No consistent relationship between extract rate and root length was observed using germination paper. Coefficients of variation for root length of Star and Tillman were 6.8 and 5.6 on agar and 21.9 and 15.8 on germination paper. The extract agar method should be useful in studies of allelopathic effects on germination and initial growth of other plant species.
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 gene at 7q31: partial duplication and possible association with autism (2003)

Family and twin studies have shown a high monozygotic to dizygotic twin risk ratio in autistic disorder and a sib relative risk between 50 to 100, suggesting that the predisposition to develop autism is largely genetically determined.1,2 The family, twin, and linkage data suggest that inheritance of autism is complex, and multiple genes interacting in variable combinations in additive, multiplicative, epistatic, or as yet unknown fashions are involved.

There is strong support for a role of the chromosome 7q21–34 region in the aetiology of both autism and language disorders.3 Several whole genome screens have found some evidence of excess allele sharing in an overlapping 60 cM region of 7q21–34 in autism.4–9 FOXP2 , a gene on 7q31, is mutated in a severe form of speech and language impairment segregating within a single large pedigree, but a recent study found no association with autism.10 A recent report has found nominally significant association of the WNT2 gene at 7q31 with autism but a subsequent study has reported no association.11,12 A recent study has suggested that the reelin gene at 7q22 may be one of the loci contributing to positive linkage between chromosome 7 and autistic disorder, but most likely not the major one.13

The 7q31 region contains the GRM8 gene, a good positional and functional candidate for susceptibility to autism. Based upon animal model, neurochemical, and neuropharmacological studies, autism has been proposed to be a hypoglutamatergic disorder.14 There is a report of alterations in the glutamate neurotransmitter system in postmortem brains of autistic subjects.15 A form of protein synthesis dependent synaptic plasticity, long term depression, which is triggered by activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors, is selectively enhanced in the hippocampus of mutant mice lacking FMRP .12 Given that many fragile …
Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2 Thr-160 phosphorylation and activity by mitogen-activated protein kinase in late G1 phase (2000)

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, p42(MAPK) and p44(MAPK), are central components of growth-promoting signalling pathways. However, how stimulation of MAP kinases culminates in cell-cycle progression is still poorly understood. Here we show that mitogenic stimulation of NIH 3T3 cells causes a sustained activation of MAP kinases, which lasts until cells begin progressing through the G(1)/S boundary. Furthermore, we observed that disruption of the MAP-kinase pathway with a selective MEK (MAP kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated protein kinase kinase) inhibitor, PD98059, prevents the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2 and DNA synthesis, even when added during late G(1) phase, once the known mechanisms by which MAP kinase controls G(1) progression, accumulation of G(1) cyclins and degradation of Cdk inhibitors have already taken place. Moreover, we provide evidence indicating that MAP kinases control Cdk2 Thr-160 activating phosphorylation and function, possibly by regulating the activity of a Cdk-activating kinase, thus promoting the re-initiation of DNA synthesis. These findings suggest the existence of a novel mechanism whereby signal-transducing pathways converging on MAP kinases can affect the cell-cycle machinery and, ultimately, participate in cell-growth control.
Search Engine Marketing in Chinese for E-commerce with Russia (2013)

As Russia access to the WTO,the relationship of Sino-Russian trade become more and more deeper.Additionally,the wide application and development of e-commerce further promote the development of Sino-Russian trade.That will have a further opportunity to develop the e-commerce as a basic economic morphology in 21st Century.Currently,China has some e-commerce trade platforms in Sino-Russian trade(hereinafter referred to as 'trading platform'),such as the website of China Enterprise Information Network Russian trade,Most Sino-Russian trade,Sino-Russian business trade,Sino-Russian trade and so on.We should take some corresponding promotion and marketing measures to enhance the reputation of the trading platforms.In this article,we analyze the current situation about the trading platform search engine marketing and search on how to construct and manage the trading platform from the perspective of the search engine marketing.Mainly includes: keyword strategy,linking strategy and search engine promotion.Successful search engine marketing is of great significance to the construction and promotion of the trading platform.It was Sino-Russian trade e-commerce that has many Chinese search engine marketing methods.Furthermore,the Chinese search engine marketing is by far the most mature method about e-marketing.It is also one of the best ways to ascend trading platform and obtain customer resources.Chinese search engine marketing will do well to the constructing and development of trading platform.
Demystifying Transceiver and Line Characterization Metrics (2019)

Introduction OSNR Definition and problems with multibaud rate signals OSNR vs SNR Definition OSNR Scaling for Different Baud Rates How do we determine the SNR of a system Link SNR and GOSNR Adding the noise contributions BER and Q GOSNR Measurement – One Technique Back to Back Noise Loading GOSNR Measurement – One Technique Power Hunt RSNR Spectral Efficiency The Relationship between RSNR and Spectral Efficiency Shannon Capacity and the Relationship between SNR and SE The Problem with Q What we want is SNR reported at the receiver MER and EVM Probability Primer Mutual Information Discrete Variables Mutual Information of Discrete Variables and Entropy Mutual Information of Discrete Variables and Entropy An Example: Binary Symmetric Channel Mutual Information of Discrete Variables and Entropy An Example: Binary Symmetric Channel Mutual Information Continuous and Hybrid Variables. GMI: A Graphical Representation GMI and NGMI Conclusion
The reconciliation with nature in Herbert Marcuse and its critique by Martin Seel (2013)

<p>Η προϊούσα περιβαλλοντική καταστροφή του πλανήτη μας και η εν γένει κυριαρχική στάση του ανθρώπου απέναντι στη φύση, εξωτερική και εσωτερική, επανέφερε επιτακτικά στο επίκεντρο της φιλοσοφικής κριτικής τη σχέση τους, στην οποία αναφέρθηκε εκτενώς ο Herbert Marcuse στο έργο του Konterrevolution und Revolte (Αντεπανάσταση και εξέγερση) (1972). Εκεί ανέπτυξε την ιδέα συμφιλίωσης ανθρώπου και φύσεως, αποδεχόμενος αφενός την ετερότητα της φύσεως ως το όριο του πνεύματος και αναγνωρίζοντάς την αφετέρου ως υποκείμενο χωρίς τελεολογία. Ο Martin Seel αφορμώμενος από μια αισθητική θεώρηση της φύσεως χαρακτηρίζει αυτήν<br />την ιδέα του Marcuse περί συμφιλίωσης ανθρώπου και φύσεως ως ένα παλινδρομικό ιδεώδες συμφιλίωσης, η οποία παραγνωρίζει τη συστατική διαφορά τους. Στη θέση της διαλεκτικής Λόγου και φύσεως, η οποία στοχεύει στη συμφιλίωση κοινωνίας και φύσεως (Marcuse), εμφανίζεται μια αισθητική ορθολογικότητα που αναγνωρίζει και διατηρεί την αντίθεση κουλτούρας και φύσεως (Seel).</p>
Extemporalia: music, philology, and Nietzsche's misology (2012)

Nietzsche‘s biographers have generally based his turn to philosophy on an abandonment of academic philology. The philosopher‘s frequent declarations of suspicion toward verbal language—Nietzsche‘s misology—appear, then, to confirm this decisive turn. However, if one instead regards the philosophical work as more continuous with the previous philological studies, one could consider Nietzsche‘s untiring concern with writing, both with philology and philosophy, first as a renunciation and then as a rediscovery of his musical aspirations. After exploring Nietzsche‘s early involvement with music, the following paper focuses on the young professor‘s reflections on rhythm and meter, which seem to address his desire for a more musical philology and subsequently a more musically astute philosophy. Yet, what precisely might a musical philology entail? What precisely does it mean to lend "a subtle and patient ear" to philosophy?
The solvent exchange method: A novel microencapsulation technique (2003)

The purpose of the present study was to develop a new microencapsulation technique that could address traditional difficulties that have been encountered during the microencapsulation of protein drugs. Reservoir-type microcapsules were produced using a dual microdispenser system or a coaxial ultrasonic atomizer, based on midair collision between component materials followed by interfacial phase separation of a polymeric membrane. It was found that the reported process had no negative effect on functional integrity of the encapsulated model protein, lysozyme. Furthermore, the microcapsules released the encapsulated lysozyme at near zero-order for an extended period when tested without drying. The reported example demonstrated a complete release of intact lysozyme over 50 days. It is believed that these results are additive effects of following features of the new microencapsulation method. First, the method minimizes the exposure of encapsulated proteins to a large water/organic solvent interfacial area, in which the proteins can easily accumulate and be denatured. Second, the method utilizes only a minimal energy for producing microdrops and does not generate damagingly strong mechanical stresses. Third, the contact between the encapsulated drugs and the hydrophobic polymer and their degradation products is minimal in the reservoir-type microcapsules, which could otherwise cause extensive denaturation of the encapsulated proteins. The new method provides a simple and efficient way of making protein-loaded microcapsules, which will lead to commercially viable products in the near future. To this end, post-encapsulation processes such as collection and drying of microcapsules are yet to be improved.
Continuous turbine blade creep measurement based on Moiré (2012)

Moiré imaging has been used to measure creep in the airfoil section of gas turbine blades. The ability to accurately assess creep and other failure modes has become an important engineering challenge, because gas turbine manufacturers are putting in place condition-based maintenance programs. In such maintenance programs, the condition of individual components is assessed to determine their remaining lives. Using pad-print technology, a grating pattern was printed directly on a turbine blade for localized creep detection using the spacing change of moiré pattern fringes. A creep measurement prototype was assembled for this application which contained a lens, reference grating, camera and lighting module. This prototype comprised a bench-top camera system that can read moiré patterns from the turbine blade sensor at shutdown to determine creep level in individual parts by analyzing the moiré fringes. Sensitivity analyses and noise factor studies were performed to evaluate the system. Analysis software was also developed. A correlation study with strain gages was performed and the measurement results from the moiré system align well with the strain gage readings. A mechanical specimen subjected to a one cycle tensile test at high temperature to induce plastic deformation in the gage was used to evaluate the system and the result of this test exhibited good correlation to extensometer readings.
Practical Aspects of Scaleup of Simulation Models (2005)

Distinguished Author Series articles are general, descriptive representations that summarize the state of the art in an area of technology by describing recent developments for readers who are not specialists in the topics discussed. Written by individuals recognized to be experts in the area, these articles provide key references to more definitive work and present specific details only to illustrate the technology. Purpose: to inform the general readership of recent advances in various areas of petroleum engineering. Abstract With the advent in the early 1990s of stochastic geologic models with increased structural and stratigraphic complexity, a need arose for improved technology to create dynamic simulation models that preserve the displacement behavior of the more finely gridded static geologic model. This process of constructing relatively coarsely gridded simulation models from fine-scale geologic models is referred to as scaleup. Introduction Scaleup technology was developed for two reasons.• With model sizes ranging from 1 million to 50 million cells, geologic models are too large to simulate directly.• Because the new techniques for geologic modeling produced complex spatial variations in permeability and porosity for complex structures, simple methods used in the past for averaging properties across the model were no longer accurate. This paper describes technology currently used to develop a simulation-model grid and scaleup grid properties, the underlying basis for the technology, and the practical process used to ensure that the simulation model preserves the behavior of the geologic model used as input. Most, if not all, of the individual components of this procedure have been implemented in commercial software. However, the process used to ensure creation of a useful model is as important as any of the individual algorithms. This paper describes such a scaleup process, which has been applied extensively at ExxonMobil over the last 10 years. It consists of six steps, as follows.Interrogate the geologic model.Construct the simulation grid.Generate static properties.Use flow-based scale averaging to determine permeability.Connect the wells.Verify quality of the model. An example application of this process will be described briefly at the end of the paper. The goal of this process is to create the simplest, coarsest simulation model that adequately preserves displacement-process physics and reservoir description.
Rigorous Model for Predicting the Behavior of CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption into AMP in Packed-Bed Absorption Columns (2005)

A rigorous computer model was developed for the simulation of the absorption of CO2 in aqueous 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solutions in a packed absorption column that takes into account the heat effects. This model predicts the concentration and the temperature profiles along the packed column for the CO2−AMP system. These profiles were compared with the experimental data that were obtained from two pilot-plant studies. The first study was with a column packed with 12.7-mm Berl Saddles, and the second study was with a high-efficiency structured packed absorber. The predicted results were found to be in close agreement with the measured values. For the experimental data from University of British Columbia, the average absolute deviations between the predicted and measured data in terms of concentration and temperature profiles are 9.7% and 2.3%, respectively. For the experimental data from University of Regina, the average absolute deviation between the predicted and measured concentration profiles is 13.8%. The model predictions could be improved by using more accurate physicochemical properties, when available.
A Review of Non-Linear Approaches for WaveEnergy Converter Modelling (2015)

The wave energy industry has grown considerably
over the past two decades, developing many different technologies,
but still has not achieved economic viability. Economic performance
can be significantly assisted through the optimisation
of the device intelligence, implemented as a control algorithm,
including precise hydrodynamic models able to reproduce accurately
real device motions. Wave energy converters (WECs) are
designed to maximize power absorption with large motions, suggesting
significant non-linear behaviour, and so precise non-linear
models are imperative. Although similar modelling philosophies
could be applied to the wide variety of WECs, the dominant
physical phenomena vary from one device to another. As a
consequence, different non-linear effects should be considered
in each system, but only those being relevant should be chosen
to avoid extra computational costs and potential numerical
problems. This paper studies different nonlinear hydrodynamic
effects and their influence on the various types of WECs, and
suggests a critical classification of different methods to articulate
nonlinear effects.
Indium oxide—a transparent, wide-band gap semiconductor for (opto)electronic applications (2015)

The present review takes a semiconductor physics perspective to summarize the state-of-the art of In2O3 in relation to applications. After discussing conventional and novel applications, the crystal structure, synthesis of single-crystalline material, band-structure and optical transparency are briefly introduced before focussing on the charge carrier transport properties. The issues of unintentional n-type conductivity and its likely causes, the surface electron accumulation, and the lack of p-type conductivity will be presented. Intentional doping will be demonstrated to control the electron concentration and resistivity over a wide range, but is also subject to compensation. The control of the surface accumulation in relation to Schottky and ohmic contacts will be demonstrated. In the context of scattering mechanisms, the electron mobility and its limits will be discussed. Finally, the Seebeck coefficient and its significance will be shown, and ferromagnetic doping of In2O3 will be critically discussed. With this overview most if not all ingredients for the use of In2O3 as semiconductor material in novel or improved conventional devices will be given.
Structure and properties of silicon oxide films deposited in a dual microwave-rf plasma reactor (2001)

The characterisation of SiOx thin films deposited from hexamethyldisiloxane in a microwave plasma reactor showed they were carbon containing and porous. With the aim of improving the film quality, the substrate holder was biased with the use of a 13.56-MHz radio-frequency power supply. Results on chemical structure, deposition rate and optical emission spectroscopy are reported. The rf-induced negative bias voltage affected both gas phase reactions and film composition. Moreover, it induced change in the deposition rate.