gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple shape-memory behavior and thermal-mechanical properties of peroxide cross-linked blends of linear and short-chain branched polyethylenes (2008)

Thermally induced shape-memory effect (SME) in tensile mode was investigated in binary and ternary blends of two ethylene-1-octene copolymers with a degree of branching of 30 and 60 CH3/1000C and/or nearly linear polyethylene cross-linked after melt mixing with 2 wt% of liquid peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert.butylperoxy)-hexane at 190C. The average cross-link density estimated by means of the Mooney-Rivlin equation on the basis of tensile test data was characterized between 130 and 170 molm -3 depending on the blend composition. Thermal analysis points out multiple crystallization and melting behavior of blends caused by the existence of several polyethylene crystal populations with different perfection, size and correspondingly different melting temperature of crystallites. That agrees well with the diversity of blends phase morphology characterized by atomic force microscopy. However, triple-and quadruple-SME could be observed only after two-and accordingly three-step programming of binary and tertiary blends, respectively, at suitable temperatures and strains. Compared to performances obtained for the same blend after single-step programming above the maximal melting temperature the significantly poorer characteristics of SME like strain fixity and strain recovery ratio as well as recovery strain rate occurred after multi-step programming.
Chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: potent inducers of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. II. A study of the structure-activity relationship. (1973)

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, an extremely potent toxin and teratogen formed during the commercial synthesis of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, is a potent inducer of δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in chick embryo liver. The induction of hydroxylase activity is more sensitive to low doses of the toxin than is the induction of δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase; 2-fold induction is produced by 1.55 pmoles/egg (0.5 ng), and maximal induction by 155 pmoles/egg. Coordinate expression of the two enzymes is also dissociable by the administration of cycloheximide, which selectively inhibits induction of the synthetase. Fifteen halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins were screened for their ability to induce the two enzymes, and a well-defined structure-activity relationship emerged; all the congeners that induced both enzymes had halogen atoms at a minimum of three of the four lateral ring positions and contained at least one nonhalogenated ring position. There is a perfect correspondence between the whole animal toxicity data on the dibenzo-p-dioxin congeners and their ability to induce both enzymes.
Centralized control method for fiber-optic microcell radio system (2002)

This paper presents a new centralized control concept for a fiber-optic centralized-control microcell radio system. This system consists of a central station(CS) that hosts modulators, demodulators, and a control circuit, and base stations (BSs) that host power amplifiers. Circuit operation of the BSs and call connection are controlled by the CS, so advanced network control services that include automatic transmission power control (ATPC) and outage free handover can be realized. This study considers the functional architecture of a base station for a microcell radio system with the centralized control scheme. This paper estimates the effect of ATPC, and introduces an experiment made on outage free handover protocols. Based on the results, guidelines for the design of the BS's power amplifier with ATPC are developed. The possibility of outage free handover on the proposed system is confirmed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Specific substitution into the anticodon loop of yeast tyrosine transfer RNA (1986)

The aminoacylation kinetics of 19 different variants of yeast tRNATyr with nucleotide substitutions in positions 33-35 were determined. Substitution of the conserved uridine-33 does not alter the rate of aminoacylation. However, substitution of the anticodon position 34 or position 35 reduces Km from 2- to 10-fold and Vmax as much as 2-fold, depending on the nucleotide inserted. The ochre and amber suppressor tRNAsTyr both showed about a 7-fold reduction in Vmax/Km. Data from tRNATyr with different modified nucleotides at position 35 suggest that specific hydrogen bonds form between the synthetase and both the N1 and N3 hydrogens of psi-35. The effect of simultaneous substitutions at positions 34 and 35 can be predicted reasonably well by combining the effects of single substitutions. These data suggest that yeast tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase interacts with positions 34 and 35 of the anticodon of tRNATyr and opens the possibility that nonsense suppressor efficiency may be mediated by the level of aminoacylation.
Reducing Energy Consumed by Repositioning of Flying Base Stations Serving Mobile Users (2020)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), acting as flying base stations (FlyBSs), are seen as a promising solution for future mobile networks, as the FlyBSs can serve space and time varying heterogeneous traffic in areas where deployment of conventional static base stations is uneconomical or infeasible. However, an energy consumption of the FlyBSs is a critical issue. In this paper, we target a scenario where the FlyBSs serve slowly moving users, e.g., visitors of an outdoor music festival or a performance. In such scenario, rotary-wing FlyBSs are not efficient due to a high energy consumption while not moving (given by an effect of a “helicopter” dynamics). Hence, we consider small airships or balloons. We develop a closed-form solution that determines new positions of the FlyBSs so that the energy consumption for a movement of the FlyBSs is reduced significantly (by 45-94% depending on the number of deployed FlyBSs) while sum capacity of the users is decreased only marginally (less than 1% for before-mentioned energy savings). Moreover, the proposed solution does not require any prediction of users' movement, thus, it is not affected by the prediction error or uncertainty of the users' behavior.
Phenotypic and functional changes of human melanoma xenografts induced by DNA hypomethylation: Immunotherapeutic implications (2005)

Emerging in vitro evidence points to an immunomodulatory activity of DNA hypomethylating drugs in human malignancies. We investigated the potential of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR) to modulate the expression of cancer testis antigens (CTA) and of HLA class I antigens by melanoma xenografts, and the resulting modifications in immunogenicity of neoplastic cells. Three primary cultures of melanoma cells, selected for immune phenotype and growth rate, were grafted into BALB/c nu/nu mice that were injected intraperitoneally with different dose- and time-schedules of 5-AZA-CdR. Molecular analyses demonstrated a de novo long-lasting expression of the CTA MAGE-1, -2, -3, -4, -10, GAGE 1-6, NY-ESO-1, and the upregulation of MAGE-1, MAGE-3, and NY-ESO-1 levels in melanoma xenografts from 5-AZA-CdR-treated mice. Serological and biochemical analyses identified a de novo expression of NY-ESO-1 protein and a concomitant and persistent upregulation of HLA class I antigens and of HLA-A1 and -A2 alleles. Immunization of BALB/c mice with 5-AZA-CdR-treated melanoma cells generated high titer circulating anti-NY-ESO-1 antibodies. Altogether, the data obtained identify an immunomodulatory activity of 5-AZA-CdR in vivo and strongly suggest for its clinical use to design novel strategies of CTA-based chemo-immunotherapy for melanoma patients.
A probabilistic extension to ontology language OWL (2004)

To support uncertain ontology representation and ontology reasoning and mapping, we propose to incorporate Bayesian networks (BN), a widely used graphic model for knowledge representation under uncertainty and OWL, the de facto industry standard ontology language recommended by W3C. First, OWL is augmented to allow additional probabilistic markups, so probabilities can be attached with individual concepts and properties in an OWL ontology. Secondly, a set of translation rules is defined to convert this probabilistically annotated OWL ontology into the directed acyclic graph (DAG) of a BN. Finally, the BN is completed by constructing conditional probability tables (CPT) for each node in the DAG. Our probabilistic extension to OWL is consistent with OWL semantics, and the translated BN is associated with a joint probability distribution over the application domain. General Bayesian network inference procedures (e.g., belief propagation or junction tree) can be used to compute P(C/spl bsol/e): the degree of the overlap or inclusion between a concept C and a concept represented by a description e. We also provide a similarity measure that can be used to find the most similar concept that a given description belongs to.
Sacrificial coatings for improved detection of overheating in generators (1977)

Ion chamber monitors are now routinely used as on-line detectors for the presence of thermally produced particulates. In order for the particulates to appear, the surface temperature of the polymeric materials that are most commonly used in generators must exceed 200°C. The higher voltage ratings of the large generator units being built for central station application means that the organic polymeric materials used as insulation are thicker and a larger temperature difference can exist between the inner and outer surfaces. Sacrificial coating systems capable of thermal particulation at a lower temperature than these common generator materials would provide an earlier indication of overheating, thereby enhancing the importance of the ion chamber monitors. The requirements for such a sacrificial coating and several families of compounds that have been investigated for use as sacrificial coatings will be described.
Dual‐band balun with flexible frequency ratios (2014)

A novel dual‐band balun is presented. The designed 3‐port balun is based on a 4‐port structure with the fourth port terminated as an open end. Being a 4‐port symmetrical network, even–odd‐mode analysis is used to analyse the balun's performance. Based on the derived explicit design equations, a balun is designed to operate at 1.1 and 2 GHz. Numerical simulations show a low reflection coefficient S 11 , equal magnitude of −3 dB as well as 180° phase difference at the output ports. To validate the theoretical and numerical simulations, the proposed balun is fabricated on the FR4 Isola printed circuit board and measurement results match well with the design theory.
Photovoltaic properties of CdTe <i>p</i>-<i>n</i> junctions produced by ion implantation (1978)

A surface region about 0.22 μm thick of cadmium-annealed undoped n-type CdTe single crystal was converted to p type by implantation of 60-keV As+ ions followed by a cadmium annealing. The electrical properties of the p-type layer were measured as well as the photovoltaic properties of the p-n junction formed in this way. For illumination by sunlight an open-circuit voltage of 0.84 V was found in a cell with a solar efficiency of 3.0%. The parameters of the junction were determined using a model designed to describe the spectral response of the cell.
Structure and expression of a cDNA encoding zeaxanthin epoxidase, isolated from a wilt-related tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i>Mill.) library (1997)

Zeaxanthin epoxldase (ZE) catalyses two early steps in the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic pathway. The sequence of a cDNA clone encoding ZE from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia was reported In 1996 and represented the first DNA sequence data on an ABA biosynthetic enzyme. The N. plumbaginifolia cDNA has been used to provide a heterologous probe to isolate a ZE cDNA from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). DNA and amino acid sequence differences are considered in relation to putative functional domans within the enzyme. The results of northern analysis in tomato are discussed in relation to the effects of water stress on ZE mRNA levels.
The Effect of Mouthrinse Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate on the Chemical Composition and Development of Plaque in Humans (1980)

Children rinsed twice daily with one of two concentrations of calcium glycerophosphate or a placebo. Plaque was collected at two-week intervals for eight weeks, and Löe and Silness Indices determined. Results indicate a lower index rating and a higher phosphorus content for experimental groups than for the control at the four-week examination.
A Comparison of Attribute Based Access Control (ABAC) Standards for Data Service Applications (2016)

The Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes the U.S. economy and public welfare by providing technical leadership for the Nation's measurement and standards infrastructure. ITL develops tests, test methods, reference data, proof of concept implementations, and technical analyses to advance the development
Targeted Methylation of the Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) Promoter to Silence Its Expression in Ovarian Cancer Cells (2014)

The Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in many cancers including ovarian cancer and EpCAM overexpression correlates with decreased survival of patients. It was the aim of this study to achieve a targeted methylation of the EpCAM promoter and silence EpCAM gene expression using an engineered zinc finger protein that specifically binds the EpCAM promoter fused to the catalytic domain of the Dnmt3a DNA methyltransferase. We show that transient transfection of this construct increased the methylation of the EpCAM promoter in SKOV3 cells from 4-8% in untreated cells to 30%. Up to 48% methylation was observed in stable cell lines which express the chimeric methyltransferase. Control experiments confirmed that the methylation was dependent on the fusion of the Zinc finger and the methyltransferase domains and specific for the target region. The stable cell lines with methylated EpCAM promoter showed a 60-80% reduction of EpCAM expression as determined at mRNA and protein level and exhibited a significantly reduced cell proliferation. Our data indicate that targeted methylation of the EpCAM promoter could be an approach in the therapy of EpCAM overexpressing cancers.
Evolution of fungicide resistance in the cereal eyespot fungi<i>Tapesia yallundae</i>and<i>Tapesia acuformis</i>in France (1997)

Field isolates of the cereal eyespot pathogen can be divided into two groups which are now considered as two species: Tapesia yallundae and Tapesia acuformis. In both species the first case of acquired resistance was observed with benzimidazole fungicides in the early 1980s. At the same time, a number of sterol C-14 demethylation inhibitors (DMIs), such as the imidazole prochloraz and several triazoles, including flusilazole, were introduced. Surprisingly T. acuformis appeared intrinsically resistant to the triazole derivatives in comparison to T. yallundae, but both species were sensitive to prochloraz. The intensive use of these DMIs led to the development of acquired resistance towards triazoles in T. yallundae and towards prochloraz in T. acuformis. Today all the strains in both species appear equally sensitive to the anilinopyrimidine cyprodinil. ©1997 SCI
Study of influential factors in synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (2013)

This study has investigated the different factors in obtaining cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The factors that have been studied are the effect of pH, synthesis temperature, capping agent, annealing temperature, and different usage of cobalt salts. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X- ray spectroscopy, UV, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. In order to find the effects of various factors, the optimum pH was achieved in the first experiment by the precipitation method; after finding out that in experiments with pH 8 to 9, the particles are homogeneous in shape and regular. The other experiments were repeated with the same pH but changing the factors. In the second experiment, the effect of synthesis temperature at 40?C, 60?C, 80?C, and 100?C was investigated. To find out the effect of capping agent, two experiments were done, one using the oleic acid and the other using 2-(dodecyloxy) acetic acid. In the case of investigating the annealing temperature, the black cobalt oxides were annealed at 400?C, 500?C, and 600?C. The last one was done using two different cobalt salts, cobalt nitrate and cobalt sulfate. Finally, cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized.
The effect of the central donor in bis(benzimidazole)-based cobalt catalysts for the selective cis-1,4-polymerisation of butadiene (2010)

A series of bis(benzimidazole)-based cobalt(II) dichloride complexes containing a range of different central donors has been synthesized and characterized. The nature of the central donor affects the binding of the ligand to the cobalt centre and determines the coordination geometry of the metal complexes. All complexes have been shown to catalyse the polymerization of butadiene, in combination with MAO as the co-catalyst, to give cis-1,4-polybutadiene with high selectivity. The nature of the central donor has a marked influence on the polymerization activity of the catalysts, but does not affect the polymer microstructure. The addition of PPh(3) generally increases the polymerization activity of these cobalt catalysts and results in predominantly (60-70%) 1,2-vinyl-polybutadiene.
Interactions of intercalating fluorochromes with DNA analyzed by conventional and fluorescence lifetime flow cytometry utilizing deuterium oxide (1996)

Deuterium oxide (D2O) has been shown in previous studies to increase both the fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence intensity of propidium iodide (PI) and ethidium bromide (EB) when bound to nucleic acid structures. We have used spectroscopic analysis and conventional and phase-sensitive flow cytometry to compare changes in PI and EB fluorescence intensity and lifetime bound to DNA and fixed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in the presence of D2O vs. phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spectroscopic and flow cytometric studies showed a twofold enhancement of fluorescence intensity of PI and EB bound to fixed CHO cells in D2O and a 5 ns increase in PI and EB fluorescence lifetimes in D2O. The fluorescence lifetime of HL-60 cells stained with PI or EB was found to be 1-2 ns different from that of CHO cells, indicating that the lifetime of these fluorochromes is sensitive to chromatin configuration in different cells types. Apoptotic subpopulations of HL-60 cells had a significantly reduced fluorescence lifetime compared to nonapoptotic subpopulations. Results indicate that different chromatin states, or differences in the structures of PI and EB, lead to alterations in the fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime of these intercalating probes.
An 11 b 7 ps Resolution Two-Step Time-to-Digital Converter With 3-D Vernier Space (2014)

This paper presents a fine-resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a large dynamic range using a 3-D Vernier space. Despite the wide dynamic range, the required delay cells in the delay-lines are minimized, leading to better power efficiency. The proposed TDC also exploits the redundancy and error-correction technique to solve the offset error of coarse conversion in the 3-D Vernier space architecture. The TDC is implemented using a 0.13- <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu\hbox {m}$</tex></formula> CMOS process. The measurement result shows a dynamic range with an 11-bit 6.98-ps resolution, an integrated nonlinearity of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\pm$</tex></formula> 1.5 LSB, a power consumption of 328.8 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu\hbox {W}$</tex></formula> , and a die area of 0.28 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox {mm}^{2}$</tex></formula> .
Regulation of Cross-linking of Actin Filament by IQGAP1, a Target for Cdc42 (1997)

We have previously shown that IQGAP1, a recently identified target for Cdc42 and Rac1 small GTPases, showed a distribution similar to that of cortical actin cytoskeleton at the membrane ruffling area induced by insulin and Rac1(val12) (Kuroda, S., Fukata, M., Kobayashi, K., Nakafuku, M., Nomura, N., Iwamatsu, A., and Kaibuchi, K. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23363-23367). Here we identified an IQGAP1-interacting molecule with molecular mass of 43 kDa (p43) from bovine brain cytosol, using glutathione S-transferase (GST)-IQGAP1 affinity column chromatography. The amino acid sequencing of the protein revealed that p43 was identical to beta- and gamma-actin. IQGAP1 was cosedimentated with filamentous actin (F-actin). The amino-terminal domain (amino acids 1-216) of IQGAP1 was responsible for the interaction with F-actin. Falling ball viscometry assay revealed that IQGAP1 cross-linked the F-actin. This IQGAP1 activity was further enhanced by guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS).GST-Cdc42 but not by GDP.GST-Cdc42. The gel filtration analysis of IQGAP1 revealed that IQGAP1 appeared as oligomers and that GTPgammaS.GST-Cdc42 but not GDP.GST-Cdc42 enhanced the oligomerization of IQGAP1. These results strongly suggest that IQGAP1, acting downstream of Cdc42, can cross-link the actin filament through its oligomerization.
Pancreas, Artificial (2006)

Abstract In the last two decades, the advancements in the field of continuous glucose sensors have stimulated the development of prototypes of a closed‐loop system based on combination of a continuous monitor, a control algorithm, and an insulin pump. This is denoted as an artificial electromechanical endocrine pancreas. The existing prototypes can be divided according the way they handle meal delivery into “fully closed‐loop” or “closed‐loop with meal announcement” systems. Depending on body interface, three major types of artificial pancreas are recognized, (i) the subcutaneous (sc) sensing and sc delivery (sc–sc) system, (ii) the iv sensing and intraperitoneal (ip) delivery (iv–ip) system, and (iii) the iv glucose sensing and iv insulin delivery (iv–iv) system. The description of the following prototypes and the work of the following research groups is reviewed: the Biostator, Shichiri’s group, Minimed–Medtronic, Roche Diagnostics, Adicol project, Institute for Diabetes Technology, and EVADIAC group. Human clinical studies are summarized. It is concluded that the lack of availability of a glucose monitor with adequate properties appears to hinder further progress and the development of a commercially viable system. The existing control algorithms need to be improved and subjected to rigorous clinical testing. The artificial pancreas is most likely to find its wider use in the supervised hospital environment, such as at the intensive care units. The application in home settings will most likely be gradual starting with a supervised system (by the treated subjects) and increasing its autonomous function following on from wider experience.