gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Medium and long chain fat absorption in patients with cirrhosis. (1966)

Medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) are known to differ from long chain fatty acids (LCFA) in their absorption, transportation, and metabolism. In malabsorption states, medium chain triglycer- ides (MCT) are better absorbed than long chain triglycerides (LCT) (1-3) and have been used in the treatment of such conditions. MCFA are trans- ported from the gut mainly by the portal vein as fatty acids, whereas LCFA are transported pri- marily by the lymphatics in chylomicrons (4-6). Absorbed MCFA are immediately oxidized in the liver, as demonstrated by 14CO2 recovery in the expired air of normal volunteers who have received orally administered 14C-labeled MCFA (7-9).
Region-of-interest volumetric visual hull refinement (2010)

This paper introduces a region-of-interest visual hull refinement technique, based on flexible voxel grids for volumetric visual hull reconstructions. Region-of-interest refinement is based on a multi-pass process, beginning with a focussed visual hull reconstruction, resulting in a first 3D approximation of the target, followed by a region-of-interest estimation, tasked with identifying features of interest, which in turn are used to locally refine the voxel grid and extract a higher-resolution surface representation for those regions. This approach is illustrated for the reconstruction of avatars for use in tele-immersion environments, where head and hand regions are of higher interest. To allow reproducability and direct comparison a publicly available data set for human visual hull reconstruction is used. This paper shows that region-of-interest reconstruction of the target is faster and visually comparable to higher resolution focused visual nhull reconstructions. This approach reduces the amount of data generated through the reconstruction, allowing faster post processing, as rendering or networking of the surface voxels. Reconstruction speeds support smooth interactions between the avatar and the virtual environment, while the improved resolution of its facial region and hands creates a higher-degree of immersion and potentially impacts the perception of body language, facial expressions and eye-to-eye contact.
MEMS raster correction scanner for SXGA resolution retinal scanning display (2003)

A high-frequency resonant horizontal scanner and a linearly driven vertical scanner at display frame rates can create a 2-D raster for video display. The combined motion of the two scanners forms a sinusoidal raster in the vertical direction where the raster line spacing is uniform only at the center and becomes progressively nonuniform towards the left and right edges of the display screen. Nonuniformities degrade the image quality and can be corrected by the addition of a third scanner to the system. Last year we reported the requirements and some of the early results in our MEMS-based raster correction scanner development effort. Since then, a lot of progress was made and the scanner was successfully incorporated into an SXGA resolution helmet-mounted display system. In this paper we report the results of thick copper coil development, new coil and magnet design for electromagnetic actuator, thermal flatness testing, new mounting design, and finally the performance measurements for the HMD system with a raster correction scanner.
Location aware queries for sensor network (2011)

Wireless sensor networking is a rapidly merging research area. There are many areas where Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications are very important such as military, healthcare, agricultural and transportation. In WSN applications, power consumption is foremost crucial. Therefore reducing power consumption is a focal concern when developing WSN applications. Majority of power in WSN environment is used for communication purpose. As such the facility to acquire data based on location only from sensor node at required location would save power consumption. However this type of data acquisition has not been possible due to the unavailability of spatial queries. The acquisitional queries should be enhanced with the location aspect and moreover each sensor node should also be made aware of its location. This will enable user to specify queries based on the location and only the corresponding nodes respond by acquiring data. Thus main objective of this research is to come up with this enhancement. We have purposed spatial query syntaxes which have similar features as in Relational database spatial queries and main target of that approach is to increase the user friendliness. Other than that sensor nodes in the sensor network are capable to identify its location based on the GPS value. We evaluate these issues in the context of TikiriDB, a distributed, shared WSN, query processor for smart sensor devices, and show how acquisitional data based on location can provide significant reductions in power consumption on our sensor devices.
Transepithelial transport of HIV-1 by M cells is receptor-mediated (2002)

Human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell monolayers undergo conversion into cells that share morphological and functional features of M cells when allowed to interact with B lymphocytes. A lymphotropic (X4) HIV-1 strain crosses M cell monolayers and infects underlying CD4(+) target cells. Transport requires both lactosyl cerebroside and CXCR4 receptors, which are expressed on the apical surface of Caco-2 and M cells. Antibodies specific for each receptor block transport. In contrast, a monotropic (R5) HIV-1 strain is unable to cross M cell monolayers and infect underlying monocytes, despite efficient transport of latex beads. Caco-2 and M cells do not express CCR5, but transfection of these cells with CCR5 cDNA restores transport of R5 virus, which demonstrates that HIV-1 transport across M cells is receptor-mediated. The follicle-associated epithelium covering human gut lymphoid follicles expresses CCR5, but not CXCR4, and lactosyl cerebroside, suggesting that HIV-1 infection may occur through M cells and enterocytes at these sites.
The Etching of Germanium with Water Vapor and Hydrogen Sulfide (1969)

The reaction of single crystal germanium with water vapor and hydrogen sulfide at low partial pressures in hydrogen was studied in a gas flow system in the temperature range 650°–900°C. At linear gas velocities of 30 cm/sec or higher and water partial pressures of 26 Torr or lower, the reaction of germanium with water vapor is surface limited with an activation energy of . Clean and structureless surfaces were produced, independent of the dislocation density in germanium, at 900°C and a water partial pressure of 26 Torr. At low partial pressures of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen, the etching of germanium is diffusion limited at temperatures above 800°C and is surface limited at lower temperatures with an activation energy of . The hydrogen‐hydrogen sulfide mixture is a less effective nonpreferential etchant than the hydrogen‐water vapor mixture.
Dissection of a Novel Nuclear Localization Signal in Open Reading Frame 29 of Varicella-Zoster Virus (2005)

Open reading frame 29 (ORF29) of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encodes a 120-kDa single-stranded DNA binding protein (ORF29p) that is not packaged in the virion and is expressed during latency. During lytic infection, ORF29p is localized primarily to infected cell nuclei. In contrast, ORF29p is found exclusively in the cytoplasm in neurons of the dorsal root ganglia obtained at autopsy from seropositive latently infected patients. ORF29p accumulates in the nuclei of neurons in dorsal root ganglia obtained at autopsy from patients with active zoster. The localization of this protein is, therefore, tightly correlated with the proposed VZV lytic/latent switch. In this report, we have investigated the nuclear import mechanism of ORF29p. We identified a novel nuclear targeting domain bounded by amino acids 9 to 154 of ORF29p that functions independent of other VZV-encoded factors. In vitro import assays in digitonin-permeabilized HeLa cells reveal that ORF29p is transported into the nucleus by a Ran-, karyopherin alpha- and beta-dependent mechanism. These data are further supported by the demonstration that a glutathione S-transferase-karyopherin alpha fusion interacts with ORF29p, but not with a protein containing a point mutation in its nuclear localization signal (NLS). Therefore, the region of ORF29p responsible for its nuclear targeting is also involved in the association with karyopherin alpha. As a result of this interaction, this noncanonical NLS appears to hijack the classical cellular nuclear import machinery. Elucidation of the mechanisms governing ORF29p nuclear targeting could shed light on the VZV reactivation process.
Ankle Arthroplasty (1990)

From 1975 to 1980, total ankle arthroplasty was performed using a metal and polyethylene prosthesis on 30 ankles in 28 patients with painful arthritis. However, because loosening and sinking of the prosthesis were significant, a ceramic total prosthesis was designed in 1980 to be used without cement. Between 1980 and 1987, 39 ankles in 35 patients with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hemophilic arthritis were replaced using the ceramic prosthesis. Out of 39 ankles, nine were replaced with cement and 30 without cement. The follow-up period for the cemented metal and ceramic cases ranged from 13.4 to 6.2 years, with an average of 8.1 years, and for uncemented ceramic cases from 1.2 to 6.4 years, with an average of 4.1 years. Based on a rating scale for ankle evaluation, 27% of the cemented cases and 67% of the uncemented cases are satisfactory. Five metal ankles and one ceramic ankle were reoperated upon, with one revision and five arthrodeses performed. Ceramic total ankle arthroplasty, performed without cement, has to date provided mostly excellent stable results.
Planar ion microtraps (1992)

Planar quadrupole ion traps have been analyzed through numerical and analytic solutions of Laplace's equation. These involve either one or more conducting rings or their analogs, a hole in one or more conducting sheets. The leading terms in the potential are harmonic, corresponding to the Paul trap, but with coefficients that reduce their efficiency and for some traps, the anharmonic terms can be suppressed to eighth-order. Stable ion trapping is predicted for all electrode configurations possessing radial and axial symmetry. A three-hole microtrap with an inner hole radius of 80 \ensuremath{\mu}m trapped from one to many (dense clouds) laser-cooled ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions where the two-ion distance is compressed to 1 \ensuremath{\mu}m, allowing new experiments in quantum optics. Also, arrays of traps for optical clocks are contemplated using photolithographic fabrication.
<title>Recent advances in magnetostrictive particulate composite technology</title> (2002)

Recently, there have been significant advances in using magnetostrictive particles in a polymer matrix; finding uses in many applications, both as an active transducer and a passive damper. Termed magnetostrictive particulate composites (MPC), the material provides capabilities identical or superior to the monolithic material. Fortis Technologies has been pursuing improvements in the application and fabrication of this innovative material. The MPC technology provides a passive, broadband, large temperature range, high stiffness, dampling material to be used where current technologies fall short. Damping applications of this technology include sporting goods, power/hand tools, space launch and satellite design, noise abatement and vibration isolation. Energy absorption of the composites has been measured and is approaching that of the monolithic material. The material can also be actively controlled by a magnetic field, producing a transducer that can be used for sonar applications. The advantage of this technology over those currently in use is the large power density at relatively low frequencies and the ease of fabrication, allowing less expensive and more effective conformal arrays. Effective strain output and piezomagnetic coefficients have been measured, as have its dynamic properties. The results show significant improvement of the strain output and piezomagnetic coefficients, approaching the monolithic material.
Metallic Artifacts in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients With Spinal Fusion (1998)

By choosing appropriate spinal fusion devices as well as pulse sequences, postoperative magnetic resonance imaging examinations can give acceptable results, in spite of the presence of metallic implants.
Polymer coating on the surface of zirconia nanoparticles by inductively coupled plasma polymerization (2004)

Polymer coating on the surface of inorganic ceramic nanoparticles is beneficial to decrease agglomeration and improve dispersion in organic solvent in ceramic injection moulding technology. A layer of thin polymer film on zirconia nanoparticles is deposited by inductively coupled ethylene/nitrogen plasma. Transmission electron microscopy photographs indicate the presence of uniform polymer coatings and the thickness of the polymer layer is estimated as several nanometers. The chemical structure of the film is revealed as quasi-polyethylene long hydrocarbon chain by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy examination.
General synthesis of 2H-benzo[b]pyrans (chrom-3-enes) from metal phenoxides and .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral synthesis of 2H-benzo[b]pyrans (chrom-3-enes) from metal phenoxides and .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compoundsGiovanni Sartori, Giovanni Casiraghi, Luciana Bolzoni, and Giuseppe CasnatiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 5, 803–805Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01319a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01319a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views806Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
YOR: a yield-optimizing routing algorithm by minimizing critical areas and vias (1993)

The author points out that the goal of a channel routing algorithm is to route all the nets with as few tracks as possible to minimize chip areas and achieve 100% connection. However, the manufacturing yield may not reach a satisfactory level if care is not taken to reduce critical areas which are susceptible to defects. These critical areas are caused by the highly compacted adjacent wires and vias in the routing region. A channel routing algorithm, the yield optimizing routing (YOR) algorithm, is presented to deal with this problem. It systematically eliminates critical areas by floating, burying, and bumping net segments as well as shifting vias. The YOR algorithm also minimizes the number of vias since vias in a chip will increase manufacturing complexity and hence degrade the yield. YOR has been implemented and applied to benchmark routing layouts in the literature. Experimental results show that large reduction in the number of critical areas and significant improvement in yield are achieved, particularly for practical size channels such as Deutsch's difficult problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Certification of secure RSA keys (2000)

A method of joint RSA key generation by a user and a certification authority (CA) is proposed. The CA is convinced that a user's key has been well generated, but does not obtain significant information about the user's secret RSA decryption key.
Retrospective Review of Oral Probiotic Therapy (2019)

<b>Purpose:</b> There have been many in vitro studies reporting on the efficacy of probiotic bacteria in inhibiting pathogens, and there have been published studies reporting on the inhibitor effects of probiotic bacteria on the salivary levels of bacterial pathogens. However, there have not been but a few studies on the clinical benefits of oral probiotic therapy. <b>Study design:</b> Dental records of 60 patients that were enrolled in an Institutional Review Board approved study were reviewed as to current caries activity status with measurement of the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth index and by Caries Management By Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) determination. The current oral health status was compared to the prior-to-study enrollment status and then analyzed in respect to published national norms. The data (without any identifiers) had a statistical analysis by a blinded biostatistician. The data was subjected to statistical analysis (Statsgraphic) before and after the probiotic therapy. <b>Results:</b> Of the 53 subjects available for follow up, only 4 had remained caries active with a grand total of 27 carious lesions being detected and subsequently restored in this group. Of the original total of 60 patients with 292 initial carious lesions, after probiotic therapy and dental restoration, 78 total restorations were placed in the subject group over the following three years. Approximately half of these restorations were required in teeth that had initially presented with smaller lesions and had been placed in a "watch" category. Two of the patients that developed further carious lesions had been randomly assigned to the probiotic PerioBalance, while the other two caries active patients were assigned EvoraKids probiotic. Of the original group of caries active patients, 24 did not present with any further carious involvement. Another 25 could be categorized as caries static, as the restorations required were substantially less than before probiotic therapy had been begun. The F-ratio, which in this case equals 51.3313, is a ratio of the between-group estimate to the within-group estimate. Since the P-value of the F-test is less than 0.05, there is a statistically significant difference between the means of the 4 variables at the 95.0% confidence level. <b>Conclusion:</b> The tested probiotic supplements had a statistically significant effect on the caries experience of the enrolled subjects.
Relationships Between Effects of Smoking, Gender, and Alcohol Dependence on Platelet Monoamine Oxidase-B: Activity, Affinity Labeling, and Protein Measurements (2002)

Background Many studies have reported apparent associations between platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and susceptibility to alcoholism and other psychiatric conditions. Alcohol-dependent individuals generally exhibit lower platelet MAO activity compared with controls, and on this basis, platelet MAO has been proposed as a potential genetic marker for predisposition to alcoholism. However, several lines of evidence also suggest that MAO activity is reduced in both the brain and platelets of smokers. Many alcohol-dependent individuals are also tobacco users, and few studies have attempted to dissociate the effect of alcohol and tobacco use on MAO activity. Methods Platelet MAO-B activity in 629 subjects recruited as part of the WHO/ISBRA Study of State and Trait Markers of Alcohol Use and Dependence was assayed by using a high throughput fluorescence assay. Platelet MAO-B protein concentrations were measured by analysis of immunoblots probed with a polyclonal antibody selective for MAO. Quantitative measurements of affinity labeling of platelet MAO were made by using the selective MAO-B catalytic site antagonist [3H]Ro 19–6327. Results Multiple regression analysis revealed that subjects’ gender, cigarette smoking, lifetime alcohol dependence, and recruitment site each contributed independently to the variance in platelet MAO activity levels. Female subjects had significantly higher MAO activity levels than males, whereas heavy smokers had significantly lower MAO activity levels than nonsmokers. Immunoblot measurement of platelet MAO-B protein demonstrated that females had significantly higher MAO-B protein concentrations. Platelet MAO-B protein concentrations did not differ significantly between smokers and nonsmokers but were lower in subjects with a diagnosis of lifetime alcohol dependence (DSM-IV) compared with subjects who were never alcohol dependent. Measurements of affinity labeling by [3H]Ro 19–6327 of platelet MAO correlated significantly with MAO activity levels (i.e., the lower MAO-B activity in smokers was mirrored by lower levels of [3H]Ro 19–6327 binding). Conclusions In this international population, gender, cigarette smoking, lifetime history of alcohol dependence, and recruitment site were associated with lower platelet MAO activity levels. Differences in MAO activity associated with gender and lifetime alcohol dependence can be attributed largely to differences in MAO-B protein concentration, whereas those associated with smoking behavior may be the result of binding of an inhibitor contained in cigarette smoke to platelet MAO-B at catalytic site of MAO.
Effects of Glicentine on Insulin Secretion (1980)

The glucagon-like immunoreactivity of the gastrointestinal tract is heterogeneous, probably including several different peptides. One of these peptides, glicentine, has recently been extracted and highly purified. Furthermore, by immunocytochemistry a glicentine-like peptide has been reported to occur in the glucagon cell of the pancreatic islets. In the present study we investigated the effects of pure glicentine on insulin release in vivo in mice. The effects were compared with effects of two other peptides, glucagon and GIP. It was found that glicentine had no influence on basal insulin secretion. This was in contrast to equimolar doses of glucagon and GIP, which both stimulated the secretion of insulin. Glucose-induced insulin release was partially inhibited by glicentine. D-glucose, in a dose selected to give a response of 25% of its maximal, raised the plasma insulin concentrations by 44.0 +/- 5.9 microU/ml. The corresponding rise for glicentine plus D-glucose was 22.3 +/- 3.7 microU/ml, i.e. glicentine inhibited glucose-induced insulin released by about 50% (p < 0.01). GIP, on the other hand, enhanced glucose-induced insulin release. This enhancement was diminished by glicentine, a reflection of the inhibition by glicentine of the glucose-induced insulin release. Neither glicentine nor GIP in the doses tested had any effect on insulin secretion induced by cholinergic stimulation. In conclusion, glicentine seems to have no effect on basal insulin release in the mouse, but it partially inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion. Thus, if the recently demonstrated glicentine-like peptide in the glucagon cell is authentic glicentine, the glucagon cell of the pancreatic islets may contain peptides with stimulatory (glucagon) as well as inhibitory (glicentine) effects on insulin secretion induced by glucose.