gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receptor recognition by gp130 cytokines (2000)

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 Receptor recognition by gp130 cytokines J. K. Heath; J. K. Heath 1School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K. R. Hudson; K. R. Hudson 1School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Bravo; J. Bravo 3MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. Y. Jones E. Y. Jones 2Wellcome Trust centre for human genetics, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A109. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a109 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. K. Heath, K. R. Hudson, J. Bravo, E. Y. Jones; Receptor recognition by gp130 cytokines. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a109 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Internalization of Red Blood Cell-Mimicking Hydrogel Capsules with pH-Triggered Shape Responses (2014)

We report on naturally inspired hydrogel capsules with pH-induced transitions from discoids to oblate ellipsoids and their interactions with cells. We integrate characteristics of erythrocytes such as discoidal shape, hollow structure, and elasticity with reversible pH-responsiveness of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) to design a new type of drug delivery carrier to be potentially triggered by chemical stimuli in the tumor lesion. The capsules are fabricated from cross-linked PMAA multilayers using sacrificial discoid silicon templates. The degree of capsule shape transition is controlled by the pH-tuned volume change, which in turn is regulated by the capsule wall composition. The (PMAA)15 capsules undergo a dramatic 24-fold volume change, while a moderate 2.3-fold volume variation is observed for more rigid PMAA-(poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PMAA-PVPON)5 capsules when solution pH is varied between 7.4 and 4. Despite that both types of capsules exhibit discoid-to-oblate ellipsoid transitions, a 3-fold greater swelling in radial dimensions is found for one-component systems due to a greater degree of the circular face bulging. We also show that (PMAA-PVPON)5 discoidal capsules interact differently with J774A.1 macrophages, HMVEC endothelial cells, and 4T1 breast cancer cells. The discoidal capsules show 60% lower internalization as compared to spherical capsules. Finally, hydrogel capsules demonstrate a 2-fold decrease in size upon internalization. These capsules represent a unique example of elastic hydrogel discoids capable of pH-induced drastic and reversible variations in aspect ratios. Considering the RBC-mimicking shape, their dimensions, and their capability to undergo pH-triggered intracellular responses, the hydrogel capsules demonstrate considerable potential as novel carriers in shape-regulated transport and cellular uptake.
Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characterization of the strains of species in the Flavobacterium-cytophaga complex. (1981)

Quinone systems, DNA base composition, cellular fatty acid composition, and phenotypic characteristics of 41 strains of named Flavobacterium species, 10 strains of named Cytophaga species, and 16 isolates belonging to the Flavobacterium-Cytophaga complex were investigated. These strains were divided into two major groups on the basis of the quinone systems and DNA base composition: The ubiquinone system (Q-8 or Q-10) and high values in DNA base composition (64.1 to 69.2%) were found in one group. The strains in this group were divided into three clusters based on the cellular fatty acid composition and phenotypic characteristics. In this respect they were related to Pseudomonas or Alcaligenes species. The other group was characterized by the presence of the menaquinone system (MK-6 or MK-7), low values in DNA base composition (30.6 to 44.8%), and the presence of iso- and anteiso-acids in the cellular fatty acids. The strains of this group were separated into four clusters based on cellular fatty acid composition. All the named strains of Cytophaga species were included in this group. Cytophaga species were recognized by chemotaxonomic characteristics, and the accommodation of Flavobacterium aquatile strain Taylor F36 (=ATCC 11947=NCIB 8694), the type strain of the type species of the genus Flavobacterium, was discussed.
A code division switch for terrestrial and satellite networks (2002)

In this paper we introduce the code division methodology into switching applications. The proposed method is applied in both satellite and terrestrial networks which is called switched code division multiple access (SW/CDMA). The SW/CDMA networks include the following: the satellite switched code division multiple access (SS/CDMA), for on-board routing in multibeam satellites; the base station-switched CDMA (BS/CDMA), for routing CDMA user-channels in terrestrial wireless networks; and the cable-switched CDMA (CS/CDMA), for routing CDMA user-channels in coax-cable networks. Code division switching can also be used to route circuit switched or ATM traffic accessed by time division or time multiplexed methods. The proposed switching mechanism provides direct connectivity between the end users with minimum signal processing at the switching node.
Synthesis and deorganization of an aluminium–based dodecyl sulfate mesophase with a hexagonal structure (1996)

An aluminium-based dodecyl sulfate mesophase with a hexagonal structure is synthesized by the homogeneous precipitation method using urea and is thermally deorganized into a hexagonal but less ordered framework structure with a d spacing of 3.4 nm.
Electrophysiology of Cognitive Processing (1983)

INTRODUCTION 33 SELECTIVE ATTENTION 36 Subcortical Gating 36 Early Auditory Selection 37 Ear~ Somatosensory Selection 40 Ear~ Visual Selection 41 Multidimensional Stimulus Selection 41
Critical surface tension for spreading on a liquid substrate (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCritical surface tension for spreading on a liquid substrateElaine G. Shafrin and William A. ZismanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 5, 1309–1316Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100864a020https://doi.org/10.1021/j100864a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views841Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus: a meta-analysis (2011)

The incidence of OAC in non-dysplastic BO is around 1 per 300 patients per year. The incidence of OAC in short-segment BO is under 1 per 500 patients per year.
Progressive Mixing Technique to Widen the Locking Range of High Division-Ratio Injection-Locked Frequency Dividers (2013)

This paper proposes progressive mixing as a technique to widen the locking range of injection locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) with higher division ratios. The ILFD locking range for a certain division ratio depends on the harmonics that are used to generate the injection signal. Compared to the conventional ILFD, the proposed technique uses much stronger harmonics in the mixing process to generate the injection signal more efficiently for higher division ratios. This is achieved through the reuse of higher harmonics of the ILFD fundamental oscillation frequency to perform progressive or multisteps divide-by-2 mixing of the injection signal. This results in that the injection signal is mixed with much stronger harmonics compared to the conventional single-step mixing and a stronger injection is produced. Since each divide-by-2 step uses higher harmonics of the fundamental, there is no increase in power consumption while the locking range is significantly enhanced. Two progressive mixing ILFDs are designed using a 65-nm CMOS to divide-by-4 and divide-by-8. The former has an operation range from 7.3 to 21.3 GHz while maintaining a locking range greater than 31% and consuming 3.9 mW from a 1.2-V supply. The latter has an operation range from 12.6 to 24.7 GHz while maintaining a locking range greater than 15% and consuming 7.1 mW from a 1.2-V supply.
Olefin Disproportionation. A New Catalytic Process (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOlefin Disproportionation. A New Catalytic ProcessR. L. Banks and G. C. BaileyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1964, 3, 3, 170–173Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360011a002https://doi.org/10.1021/i360011a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2267Altmetric-Citations340LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Principal architectural changes in polar transmitter in DRP design for WLAN (2013)

In Digital Radio Processor(DRP) an All-digital Phase Locked Loop(ADPLL) forms the core of the architecture with a digitally controlled oscillator(DCO) being the counterpart of Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) in a conventional PLL design. In addition to this, the RF modulation is also performed digitally by feeding Frequency Control Word(FCW) into the ADPLL. This implies that the DCO should be able to support the frequency range requirements for the modulation technique. DCO modulation range for GSM and Bluetooth systems is few hundreds of KHz. However, in order to support WLAN in both 2.4 GHz (ISM band) and 5–5.9 GHz(UNII) bands the DCO needs to have 1.2 GHz modulation range at 12 GHz frequency. Such a DCO becomes extremely sensitive to supply voltage fluctuations. We propose an algorithm which reduces the modulation range requirement of the DCO and hence its sensitivity to supply voltage. In DRP, the modulated clock output of the ADPLL is used as the sampling clock for the digital logic. For GSM and Bluetooth systems the drift introduced in phase samples by using the modulated clock is negligible. However, for WLAN, merely using the modulated clock for sampling is disastrous as it will introduce intolerable drift in the phase samples when compared to phase samples generated by using a constant uniform clock. We propose a predistortion scheme for frequency control words(FCW) to correct this effect of modulated clock.
Growth and collapse of a vapour bubble in a microtube: the role of thermal effects (2009)

The growth and collapse of a vapour bubble inside a microtube is studied both experimentally and theoretically. The length of the bubble, and the velocity and acceleration of its interface, are obtained from a high-speed image recording (typically 1.25 × 10 5 fps) for various energy inputs and two tube diameters. To understand the underlying dynamics of the system, two theoretical models are compared with experiment. A model based on a discontinuous time dependence of the vapour pressure inside the bubble is at variance with the data. It proves necessary to account in greater detail for the time dependence of the vapour pressure. A new model is proposed for this purpose which includes heat transfer in addition to inertia and viscous friction. Both the data and the model show that the vapour pressure decreases with time continuously instead of abruptly. The length, velocity and acceleration from the numerical simulations are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. Both the experiments and simulations clearly indicate that thermal effects play an important role throughout the whole growth and collapse process.
Two Types of Dielectric Polarization (1934)

The real part of the dielectric constant, ε′, of a material having a polarizability due either to dipoles or to heterogeneity should be a decreasing function of frequency while the imaginary part, ε″, should have a maximum, a type of behavior usually designated as anomalous dispersion. The frequency at which anomalous dispersion occurs is determined by the time of relaxation, τ, of the polarization. For dipole polarizations changes of τ with temperature are due largely to changes in viscosity while for Maxwell‐Wagner polarizations the value of τ depends upon the dielectric constant and conductivity of the components of the dielectric. It is shown that for glycerine anomalous dispersion is observed at 30 cycles as well as at 98 × 10 6 cycles with no apparent discontinuity at intermediate frequencies. The value of ε″ max . increases with decreasing temperature as predicted for dipole polarizations. For halo‐wax and paper anomalous dispersion is also observed, but with the distinct difference from glycerine that the values of ε″ max . decrease with decreasing temperature. This behavior is predicted for Maxwell‐Wagner polarizations in a heterogeneous dielectric, one component of which has a considerably greater conductance than the other. It is indicated that the anomalous dispersion in halowax and paper is due to Maxwell‐Wagner polarizations while that in glycerine is due to dipoles.
Current Status of Reduced Temperature Silicon Epitaxy by Chemical Vapor Deposition (1987)

Current temperatures for the growth of epitaxial silicon films for device applications are in the range of 1050°–1200°C using commercially available CVD reactors. However, the demand for submicron epitaxial layers with abrupt dopant profiles for high performance integrated circuit applications as well as the evolution of mixed technologies and three‐dimensional device structures have generated a strong need for reduced temperature epitaxy in the temperature region at or below 800°C. Several approaches to achieve this are currently under investigation, and these include thermal prebake, plasma‐enhanced epitaxy, chemically enhanced epitaxy, and ultrahigh vacuum processing. In this paper, we review these techniques and consider the limits to low temperature CVD silicon epitaxy.
Coordination of hardware manufacturing and software development lifecycles for integrated systems development (2002)

With the introduction of the Industrial/sup IT/ vision at ABB, the coordination of hardware and software development is a crucial aspect that the organization needs to address. Software development and hardware production processes need to be coordinated into one coherent lifecycle model to optimize development. This paper presents some basic concepts in software and hardware development lifecycles and paves the road for a more comprehensive approach for a system development lifecycle.
A Novel Synonymous Mutation of SARS-CoV-2: Is This Possible to Affect Their Antigenicity and Immunogenicity? (2020)

The S glycoprotein of coronaviruses is important for viral entry and pathogenesis with most variable sequences. Therefore, we analyzed the S gene sequences of SARS-CoV-2 to better understand the antigenicity and immunogenicity of this virus in this study. In phylogenetic analysis, two subtypes (SARS-CoV-2a and -b) were confirmed within SARS-CoV-2 strains. These two subtypes were divided by a novel synonymous mutation of D614G. This may play a crucial role in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 to evade the host immune system. The region containing this mutation point was confirmed as a B-cell epitope located in the S1 domain, and SARS-CoV-2b strains exhibited severe reduced antigenic indexes compared to SARS-CoV-2a in this area. This may allow these two subtypes to have different antigenicity. If the two subtypes have different serological characteristics, a vaccine for both subtypes will be more effective to prevent COVID-19. Thus, further study is urgently required to confirm the antigenicity of these two subtypes.
Implantable medical drug delivery systems using microelectromechanical systems technology (2002)

A unique design of an implantable micropump for medical drug delivery systems was proposed. Three pump chambers (/spl phi/12 mm in diameter) are individually actuated by each bulk PZT (lead zirconate titanate) disk in a peristaltic motion. This peristaltic motion drives the fluid forward. A 70 mm/spl times/35 mm/spl times/1.63 mm micropump was fabricated using MEMS fabrication technology. Three 90 /spl mu/m deep and 12 mm in diameter micropump chambers were connected by a 2 mm long and 10 mm wide flow passage. To pump drug at a target rate of 10 /spl mu/L/min, a 12 mm in diameter and 80 /spl mu/m thick silicon membrane of each pump chamber was actuated at 0.5 Hz in a peristaltic mode. The state-of-the-art fabrication technology was applied to the proposed micropump. The deep trench reactive ion etching, anodic bonding, radio frequency (RF) sputtering, STS etching and oxidation deposition were employed. A micropump was successfully fabricated to prove the concept.
Fine mapping and single nucleotide polymorphism association results of candidate genes for asthma and related phenotypes (2001)

Several genome-wide screens for asthma and related phenotypes have been published to date but data on fine-mapping are scarce. For higher resolution we performed a fine-mapping study with 2 cM average spacing in often discussed asthma candidate regions (2p, 5q, 6p, 7p, 9q, 11p, and 12q) to narrow down the regions of interest. All participants of a Caucasian family study (97 families with at least two affected sib pairs) were genotyped for 49 supplementary polymorphic dinucleotide markers. Our results indicate increased evidence for linkage on chromosome 6p, 9q, and 12q. These candidate regions were further analyzed with SNP polymorphisms in the endothelin 1 (EDN1), lymphotoxin alpha (LTA), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) genes. In addition, IL4 -590C>T and IL10 -592C>A, localized on chromosomes 5q and 1q, respectively, have been analyzed for SNP association. Of the six SNPs tested, four revealed weak association with the examined phenotypes. These are the IL10 -592C>A SNP in the interleukin 10 gene (p=0.036 for eosinophil cell counts), the 4124T>C SNP in EDN1 (p=0.044 for asthma), the 3391C>T SNP in NOS1 with eosinophil cell counts (p=0.0086), and the 5266C>T polymorphism, also in the NOS1 gene, for high IgE levels (p=0.022). In summary, fine mapping data enable us to confine asthma candidate regions, while variants of EDN1 and NOS1, or nearby genes, may play an important role in this context.
Film properties and integration performance of a nano-porous carbon doped oxide (2004)

A porous carbon doped oxide has been developed using a conventional PECVD reactor. Sequential electron beam treatment using a flood beam provides a means for removal of the thermally labile organic species and results in a porous material with high thermal stability. Film properties and integration results presented show the viability of integrating this film into a conventional dual damascene interconnect flow.
Vasodilatation in human skin induced by low‐amplitude high‐frequency vibration (1989)

Vasomotor effects in human skin induced by vibration of low amplitude (10-25 microns) and high frequency (150-250 Hz) have been studied by using skin temperature changes as an approximative measure of variations in skin blood flow. In all tested areas of the body surface, including the face, low-amplitude high-frequency vibration regularly induces vasodilatation. The spatial distribution of the temperature changes induced from different sites of stimulation was studied by infrared thermography. The latencies of the temperature changes, determined by thermistor recordings, were found to vary with site of stimulation and stimulus parameters. The increase in temperature to a given stimulus is greater the lower the prevalent skin temperature, i.e. the increase in blood flow is larger the greater the initial vasomotor tone. The results are in accordance with the view that the vasodilatation is due to a reflex inhibition of pre-existent vasomotor tone in the skin by the afferent inflow from vibration-sensitive mechanoreceptors. High-amplitude vibration (100-200 microns), performed in a few comparative experiments, caused vasoconstriction.
Lipophilicity Investigations of Ibuprofen (2009)

Abstract Ibuprofen was investigated with the use of reversed phase thin layer chromatography on RP2F254, RP8F254s, and RP18F254s (E. Merck), using methanol-water in different volume compositions as a mobile phase. The chromatographic parameters of lipophilicity (RMW(RP2), RMW(RP8), and RMW(RP18)) of the studied ibuprofen were determined. The experimental n-octanol-water partition coefficient (logPexp) by means of the so called shake flash method was determined for ibuprofen. Lipophilic parameters (RMW(RP2), RMW(RP8), and RMW(RP18)) were compared, both with measured (logPexp) and calculated partition coefficients (AlogPs, AClogP, AB/logP, COSMOFrag logP, miLogP, AlogP, mlogP, logPKowwin, xlogP2, xlogP3, and logPRekker). Comparing all calculation procedures, generally logPKowwin and logPRekker are more appropriate for the chromatographic parameter of lipophilicity RMW(RP18) and experimental n-octanol-water partition coefficient of the studied ibuprofen. The results indicate that the chromatographic parameter of lipophilicity determined on a RP18F254s plate may be used as a measure of lipophilicity of the investigated ibuprofen.
Novel synthesis of pseudopeptides bearing a difluoromethyl group by Ugi reaction and desulfanylation (2011)

Thirteen difluoromethyl-containing pseudopeptides were synthesized by Ugi reaction using the novel building block 2,2-difluoro-2-(phenylthio)acetic acid (2) as one component, followed by removal of the phenylsulfanyl protecting group in the presence of tributyltin hydride and azobisisobutyronitrile.