gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory effects of angiotensin II AT<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonism prevent stress-induced gastric injury (2003)

Stress reduces gastric blood flow and produces acute gastric mucosal lesions. We studied the role of angiotensin II in gastric blood flow and gastric ulceration during stress. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were pretreated for 14 days with the AT1 receptor antagonist candesartan before cold-restraint stress. AT1 receptors were localized in the endothelium of arteries in the gastric mucosa and in all gastric layers. AT1 blockade increased gastric blood flow by 40-50%, prevented gastric ulcer formation by 70-80% after cold-restraint stress, reduced the increase in adrenomedullary epinephrine and tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA without preventing the stress-induced increase in adrenal corticosterone, decreased the stress-induced expression of TNF-alpha and that of the adhesion protein ICAM-1 in arterial endothelium, decreased the neutrophil infiltration in the gastric mucosa, and decreased the gastric content of PGE2. AT1 receptor blockers prevent stress-induced ulcerations by a combination of gastric blood flow protection, decreased sympathoadrenal activation, and anti-inflammatory effects (with reduction in TNF-alpha and ICAM-1 expression leading to reduced neutrophil infiltration) while maintaining the protective glucocorticoid effects and PGE2 release. Angiotensin II has a crucial role, through stimulation of AT1 receptors, in the production and progression of stress-induced gastric injury, and AT1 receptor antagonists could be of therapeutic benefit.
Concept Design of a Flexible-Hull Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (1997)

In recent years, research in the propulsion and maneuvering mechanisms used by fish has demonstrated the utility of biopropulsion for use on undersea vehicles. Despite recent advances in unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV) technology, little progress has been made in improving propulsive efficiency and maneuverability. Most underwater vehicle designs employ a conventional propeller as the main propulsor and shrouded thrusters and/or control fins for maneuvering. Two types of vehicle designs are prevalent: torpedo shaped bodies streamlined for speed and range, or box-shaped bodies designed for maneuvering and station keeping. Unfortunately, most future UUV missions require all of these capabilities: high transit speed, long range/duration, maneuverability and station keeping ability. Thus we look to fish as a potentially optimal UUV design in that they are able to cruise great distances at significant speed, maneuver in tight spaces and accelerate and decelerate quickly. This paper summarizes the relevant design issues and current work in the development of a flexible-hull UUV which propels and maneuvers like a fish. Following the morphology and kinematics of a yellowfin tuna, the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Vorticity Control UUV (VCUUV) will be the first demonstration of a freely swimming Thunniform (tuna-like motion) robotic vehicle. Simulation of the required kinematics and loads indicate that Thunniform motion can be actuated with a r ind forebody comprising 60% of the total vehicle len~h and four rind links actuating the tail section and caudal fin. Three different actuation concepts were compared by analyzing possible components and arrangements to attain the required loads and mission duration. A recirculating hydraulics concept was chosen for prototyping due to the versatility of the design for study of a variety of swimming speeds and maneuvers. 82 Fish swimming, vorticity control, tuna, unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV). ROV INTRODUCTION Improvements in propulsive efficiency and maneuverability of unmanned undersea vehicles (UUV's) are necessary to achieve the challenging new missions in littoral zone warfare, mine reconnaissance and scientific missions in cluttered environments. Increasingly sophisticated (and power intensive) mission payloads, and the need for greater range and endurance compete for finite energy supplies on board UUV's. Improved propulsive efficiency and energy capacity will directly increase mission time and reduce the launch and recovery overhead. More work may be done in a vehicle deployment: a larger area may be surveyed, or perhaps more time may be spent in one location studying a site of interest. Even modest increases in mission duration will directly improve mission performance. Maneuverability has been a particularly vexing problem for underwater vehicle desig'ners. There are two common actuators for
New Downhole Tool for Coiled Tubing Extended Reach (2000)

Abstract Extending the reach is one of the main challenges for coiled tubing operators, as illustrated by the multiple efforts to develop downhole traction devices for coiled tubing (CT). This paper presents a simple, yet reliable and efficient tool for extending the reach of CT. The tool, called CT Friction Drag Reducer (FDR), is based on a unique patented concept, and uses fluid flow to generate axial oscillation in the CT and bottom hole assembly. As a result, time-averaged friction forces can be reduced significantly. Calculations based on a simple physics-based model predict that the reach can be extended by over 3000 meter in a horizontal well with a measured depth to true vertical depth ratio (MD/TVD) greater than 2.0. Model results match well with full-scale tests. The tool will normally be integrated as a part of the bottom hole assembly (see Figure 1). The FDR tool has been developed and tested at RF-Rogaland Research (RF) as part of a joint industry project (JIP) with Saga Petroleum ANS and Shell International Exploration & Production B.V. as main industrial sponsors and with co-funding from commercial investors. The FDR tool has an outer diameter of 3.5 inch, is 1.2 meters long and is designed for flow rates in the region of 100 to 900 liters per minutes. Laboratory tests at RF demonstrate the feasibility and functional efficiency of the concept. Full-scale tests using a 7-inch internal diameter horizontal surface loop at RF have proven the friction reducing efficiency of the concept. In several tests with 600 meter of 1.75 inch coiled tubing and a bottom hole assembly weighing 600 kg, the friction force during run-in and pullout from the 7-inch test well was reduced by up to 90 %. In one case of run-in, the measured friction reduction was 94%. An acceptance test with 2-inch CT has been conducted at RF using the CT unit at the Well Intervention Test Center to demonstrate and document the endurance of the FDR tool. The technology will aid in CT intervention and drilling operations, but can also be used in conventional operations such as placing liners in extended reach wells and pipeline operations.
Cascading statistical and structural classifiers for iris recognition (2005)

Reliable human identification using iris pattern has recently gained growing interests from pattern recognition researchers. In literature of iris recognition, almost all algorithms are based on statistical information. In this paper, a structural iris image analysis method is proposed, which provides complementary information to statistical classifier. In order to save computational cost, the structural matcher is not consulted unless the statistical classifier is uncertain of its decision. At the second stage, the structural classifier may be combined with statistical classifier with different fusion strategies. The experimental results of decision-level classifiers combination are reported, which demonstrate that the cascaded classification system significantly outperforms single classifier.
Electrospray Mass Spectrometry of Iron Bleomycin II: Investigation of the Reaction of Fe(III)-Bleomycin with Iodosylbenzene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrospray Mass Spectrometry of Iron Bleomycin II: Investigation of the Reaction of Fe(III)-Bleomycin with IodosylbenzeneJoseph W. Sam, Xue-Jun Tang, Richard S. Magliozzo, and Jack PeisachCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 3, 1012–1018Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00108a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00108a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel photochemical behavior of anthracene in a room temperature molten salt (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel photochemical behavior of anthracene in a room temperature molten saltGeorge Hondrogiannis, Carlos W. Lee, Richard M. Pagni, and Gleb MamantovCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 21, 9828–9829Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00074a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00074a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Reduced Risk of Disease During Postsecondary Dengue Virus Infections (2013)

Preexisting heterotypic antibodies markedly reduced but did not eliminate the risk of disease in this study population. These results improve understanding of how preinfection history can be associated with dengue outcomes and DENV transmission dynamics.
Solubilization of High Affinity Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptors from Rat Brain: Characterization of an Active Digitonin-Solubilized Receptor Complex (1989)

The binding characteristics of CRF receptors in rat frontal cerebral cortex membranes solubilized in 1% digitonin were determined. The binding of [125I]Tyro-ovine CRF ([125I]oCRF) to solubilized membrane proteins was dependent on incubation time, temperature, and protein concentration, was saturable and of high affinity, and was absent in boiled tissue. The solubilized receptors retained their high affinity for [125I] oCRF in the solubilized state, exhibiting a dissociation constant (KD) of approximately 200 pM, as determined by direct binding saturation isotherms. Solubilized CRF receptors maintained the rank order of potencies for various related and unrelated CRF peptides characteristic of the membrane CRF receptor: rat/human CRF congruent to ovine CRF congruent to Nle21,38-rat CRF greater than alpha-helical oCRF-(9-41) greater than oCRF-(7-41) much greater than vasoactive intestinal peptide, arginine vasopressin, or the substance-P antagonist. Furthermore, the absolute potencies (Ki values) for the various CRF-related peptides in solubilized receptors were almost identical to those observed in the membrane preparations, indicating that the CRF receptor retained its high affinity binding capacity in the digitonin-solubilized state. Chemical affinity cross-linking of digitonin-solubilized rat cortical membrane proteins revealed a specifically labeled protein with an apparent mol wt of 58,000 which was similar to the labeled protein in native membrane homogenates. Although solubilized CRF receptors retained their high affinity for agonists, their sensitivity for guanine nucleotide was lost. Size exclusion chromatography substantiated these results, demonstrating that in the presence or absence of guanine nucleotides, [125I]oCRF labeled the same size receptor complex. These data suggest that either the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Ns) is tightly associated with the CRF receptor after solubilization and is insensitive to guanine nucleotides, or that high affinity binding for soluble CRF receptors is not dependent on the coupling of a guanine nucleotide-binding protein. The solubilization of CRF receptors from membranes in digitonin should allow for the more complete molecular and functional characterization of CRF-mediated events and purification of the receptor.
Correlation and Reproducibility Data on a Replacement Agent for Carbon Tetrachloride Testing of Organic Vapor Cartridges (1997)

Abstract Carbon tetrachloride has been used for years as the standard compound for evaluating the adsorption capacity of charcoal. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is mandated under 42 CFR 84 to test organic vapor/gas cartridge and canister breakthrough characteristics against carbon tetrachloride. However, due to carbon tetrachloride's toxicity and potential lack of commercial availability, a substitute test agent is desirable. Screening tests employing ethyl acetate, pentane, n-hexane, and heptane have been completed and published on negative-pressure organic vapor respirator cartridges. Two test conditions (550 ppm pentane and 1000 ppm n-hexane) were selected for limited side-by-side testing with the 42 CFR 84 test criterion of 1000 ppm carbon tetrachloride. This article presents previously unpublished cartridge breakthrough time data on negative-pressure and powered air-purifying respirator organic vapor cartridges. The data were generated to establish a correlation between possible substitute test agents and carbon tetrachloride. Reproducibility data not previously reported are also presented. The results show that both pentane and n-hexane are potential replacement compounds for carbon tetrachloride. Additional work with less-adsorbent charcoals still needs to be performed.
Nanorod-Depolarized Dynamic Light Scattering in a Gelling Liquid (2012)

We exploit the strong optical anisotropy of metal nanorods to measure their mobility in a complex fluid. Gold rods in hot agarose solutions cause dynamic, depolarized scattering with an exponentially decaying autocorrelation. As the solution cools down, its decay constant increases. At a certain temperature, the autocorrelation drastically changes its shape and the dynamic contrast drops. We show that, at this temperature, the gelling liquid confines the rods and dampens their motion almost entirely. Depolarized scattering proves to be extraordinarily sensitive to the transition from Brownian to confined motion. We calculate true mobilities for the particles using Pusey and van Megen’s correction of the Siegert relation for nonergodic systems. Multipoint measurements show that the rods are immobilized throughout the gel.
Understanding self-healing in service-discovery systems (2002)

Service-discovery systems aim to provide consistent views of distributed components under varying network conditions. To achieve this aim, designers rely upon a variety of self-healing strategies, including: architecture and topology, failure-detection and recovery techniques, and consistency maintenance mechanisms. In previous work, we showed that various combinations of self-healing strategies lead to significant differences in the ability of service-discovery systems to maintain consistency during increasing network failure. Here, we ask whether the contribution of individual self-healing strategies can be quantified. We give results that quantify the effectiveness of selected combinations of architecture-topology and recovery techniques. Our results suggest that it should prove feasible to quantify the ability of individual self-healing strategies to overcome various failures. A full understanding of the interactions among self-healing strategies would provide designers of distributed systems with the knowledge necessary to build the most effective self-healing systems with minimum overhead.
Viral Gene Sequences Reveal the Variable History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Countries (2004)

The estimated histories of migration and population growth indicated that patterns of HCV transmission differ among countries and viral subtypes.
Accounting control of data processing (1972)

The measurement of the use of data processing resources is necessary to allocate the cost of these resources to users. This is becoming more important because the cost of data processing is making up an increasingly larger percentage of each user's budget. Traditional measurements of the cost of data processing resources, such as the full absorption method, are unsuitable because users are not charged according to their actual resource utilization, and because data processing departments are not held accountable for fluctuations caused by efficiencies and inefficiencies of their operations.
Mathematical morphology applied to spot segmentation and quantification of gene microarray images (2003)

DNA microarray technology is a very powerful technique used in modern biology, which is extensively used for identification of sequence (gene/gene mutation) and determination of gene expression. A typical gene microarray image consists of a few hundred to several thousand spots and the extent of hybridization of these spots determines the level of gene expression in the sample. The massive scale and variability of gene microarray data creates new challenging problems of gene clustering, feature extraction and data mining. A major issue in gene microarray data analysis is to accurately quantify spot shapes and intensities of microarray image. In this paper, we propose a method for performing accurate spot segmentation of a microarray image, using morphological image analysis techniques, followed by quantification of the shapes of the segmented spots using B-splines.
MEASURING RATE OF CORROSION OF STEEL IN FIELD CONCRETE STRUCTURES (1989)

Three-electrode linear polarization testing has become a valuable tool for measuring the corrosion rate of reinforcing steel in concrete. Discussion covers the test technique, procedures, and specially constructed portable equipment used to collect valid and useful data to help project future distress and its rate, and in defining the effectiveness of rehabilitations. Guidelines are presented for use in data interpretation.
Electrochemical Analysis of Antichemotherapeutic Drug Zanosar in Pharmaceutical and Biological Samples by Differential Pulse Polarography (2013)

The electrochemical reduction of zanosar was investigated systematically by direct current polarography, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse polarography (DPP). A simple DPP technique was proposed for the direct quantitative determination of anticancer drug zanosar in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human urine samples for the first time. The reduction potential was -0.28 V versus Ag/AgCl with a hanging mercury drop electrode in Britton-Robinson buffer as supporting electrolyte. The dependence of the intensities of currents and potentials on pH, concentration, scan rate, deposition time, and nature of the supporting electrolyte was investigated. The calibration curve was found to be linear with the following equation: y = 0.4041x + 0.012, with a correlation coefficient of 0.992 (R (2)) over a concentration range from 1.0 × 10(-7) M to 1.0 × 10(-3) M. In the present investigation, the achieved limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantization (LQD) were 7.42 × 10(-8) M and 2.47 × 10(-8) M; respectively. Excipients did not interfere with the determination of zanosar in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked urine samples. Precision and accuracy of the developed method were checked by recovery studies in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human urine samples.
Synthesis and Tunability of Highly Electron-Accepting, N-Benzylated “Phosphaviologens” (2015)

We report a structure-property study on phosphoryl-bridged viologen analogues with a remarkably low reduction threshold. Utilizing different benzyl groups for N-quaternization, we were able to confirm the p-benzyl substituent effect on the electronic tunability of the system while maintaining the characteristic chromic response of viologens with two fully reversible one-electron reductions. Due to the considerably increased electron-acceptor properties of the phosphoryl-bridged bipyridine precursor, N-benzylation was found to be very challenging and required the development of new synthetic strategies toward the target viologen species. This study also introduces a new and convenient way for the anion exchange of viologen systems by utilizing methyl triflate. Finally, the practical utility of the new species was verified in simplified proof-of-concept electrochromic devices.
Results of a Survey of 5,700 Patient Monopolar Radiofrequency Facial Skin Tightening Treatments: Assessment of a Low-Energy Multiple-Pass Technique Leading to a Clinical End Point Algorithm (2007)

Patient feedback on heat sensation is a valid, preferable method for optimal energy selection in monopolar radiofrequency skin-tightening treatments.
Acceptability and patterns of uterine bleeding in sequential trimegestone-based hormone replacement therapy: a dose-ranging study (1999)

Trimegestone is a norpregnane progestogen which is being developed in combination with oral oestradiol as postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT). In this multicentre dose-ranging study using randomized parallel groups, four doses of trimegestone were used to compare data on the patterns of uterine bleeding, the endometrial histology, and the control of menopausal symptoms in 203 women who completed treatment for 6 months. The treatment consisted of micronized oestradiol (2 mg/day) and one of four doses of trimegestone, which was administered sequentially for days 15-28 of the treatment cycle. Higher doses of trimegestone were associated with later onset of bleeding, which was lighter and of shorter duration than that observed with lower doses. The variability of the day of onset of bleeding in individual women was greater when bleeding occurred before the end of the progestogen phase (early bleeders) than when it occurred afterwards (late bleeders). All women enrolled in the study experienced good control of menopausal symptoms, with minimal progestogenic adverse effects, there being no statistically significant difference between the four dose groups.