gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NEW CLINICAL TEST OF RETINAL FUNCTION BASED UPON THE STANDING POTENTIAL OF THE EYE (1962)

THE diagnosis of disturbances of retinal function is often accurate and simple. The affected structure can be inspected by the ophthalmologist, and the patient can give detailed accounts of the changes in his sensation. However, there are very few methods available for the objective investigation of retinal function. The only test which is not directly related to percep- tion is the electroretinogram, ERG, which, in spite of its value in a few conditions, has not so far proved of very general use. The reason for this seems to be that the ERG is basically an index of the function of the retinal neurones, a less sensitive one than the patient's sensation.
The monitoring of weather and atmospheric condition of LHAASO site (2011)

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) project is proposed to study high energy gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics. As a component of the project, the wide field of view Cherenkov telescope array is designed to study the spectrum and compositions of cosmic rays. Two prototype telescopes have been operated since 2008. The weather condition and the air quality are very crucial to the energy reconstruction and spectrum calculation. So in order to calibrate the weather and air condition, the UV bright stars are used, as a cross check, and the infrared data are also analyzed.
The Syk inhibitor fostamatinib disodium (R788) inhibits tumor growth in the Eμ- TCL1 transgenic mouse model of CLL by blocking antigen-dependent B-cell receptor signaling (2010)

Inhibition of antigen-dependent B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is considered a promising therapeutic approach in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but experimental in vivo evidence to support this view is still lacking. We have now investigated whether inhibition of BCR signaling with the selective Syk inhibitor fostamatinib disodium (R788) will affect the growth of the leukemias that develop in the Eμ-TCL1 transgenic mouse model of CLL. Similarly to human CLL, these leukemias express stereotyped BCRs that react with autoantigens exposed on the surface of senescent or apoptotic cells, suggesting that they are antigen driven. We show that R788 effectively inhibits BCR signaling in vivo, resulting in reduced proliferation and survival of the malignant B cells and significantly prolonged survival of the treated animals. The growth-inhibitory effect of R788 occurs despite the relatively modest cytotoxic effect in vitro and is independent of basal Syk activity, suggesting that R788 functions primarily by inhibiting antigen-dependent BCR signals. Importantly, the effect of R788 was found to be selective for the malignant clones, as no disturbance in the production of normal B lymphocytes was observed. Collectively, these data provide further rationale for clinical trials with R788 in CLL and establish the BCR-signaling pathway as an important therapeutic target in this disease.
Australia Shamed as Climate Reaches Turning Point (2008)

Environment delegates met for two weeks (1-12 December 2008) at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Poznan, Poland. During the conference, South Africa shamed Australia, Russia, Canada and Japan for not declaring 2020 targets.
An efficient and simple VLSI tree architecture for motion estimation algorithms (1993)

A low-latency, high-throughput tree architecture is proposed. This architecture implements both the full-search block-matching algorithm and the three-step hierarchical search algorithm in motion estimation. Owing to the simple and modular properties, the proposed architecture is suitable for VLSI implementation. Furthermore, it can be decomposed into subtrees to reduce hardware cost and pin count. The memory interleaving and the pipeline interleaving are also employed to enhance memory bandwidth and to use the pipeline 100%. Theoretical calculations and simulation results are presented to show the attractive performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
hTERT Overexpression Alleviates Intracellular ROS Production, Improves Mitochondrial Function, and Inhibits ROS-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer Cells (2010)

The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is the catalytic subunit of the telomerase holoenzyme. Evidence is accumulating to link hTERT to activities other than telomere maintenance and immortalization. Here, we show that hTERT overexpression not only reduces the basal cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels but also inhibits endogenous ROS production in response to stimuli that induce intracellular ROS generation. Conversely, siRNA-mediated gene silencing of hTERT potentiated the increase in cellular ROS levels following exposure to oxidative stress. This antioxidant effect of hTERT is mediated via a significant increase in the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG) as well as efficient recovery of the oxidized peroxiredoxin to its nonoxidized form. Our data also provide evidence for mitochondrial localization of hTERT, and a significantly higher activity of cytochrome C oxidase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, in hTERT overexpressing cells. To ascertain whether the improved mitochondrial function and antioxidant effect of hTERT could provide cancer cells with a survival advantage, the effect of oxidative stress on mitochondrial apoptosis was evaluated. Indeed, hTERT overexpressing cells inhibited cytosolic acidification, translocation of Bax, the drop in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the release of cytochrome C to the cytosol, and cell death. Taken together, these data demonstrate a hitherto undefined role of hTERT in alleviating cellular ROS levels by way of potentiating the cellular antioxidant defense systems, and in doing so endowing cancer cells with the ability to evade death stimuli.
The role of the carboxyl terminal α‐helical coiled‐coil domain in osmosensing by transporter ProP of Escherichia coli (2000)

Concentrative uptake of osmoprotectants via transporter ProP contributes to the rehydration of Escherichia coli cells that encounter high osmolality media. A member of the major facilitator superfamily, ProP is activated by osmotic upshifts in whole bacteria, in cytoplasmic membrane vesicles and in proteoliposomes prepared with the purified protein. Soluble protein ProQ is also required for full osmotic activation of ProP in vivo. ProP is differentiated from structural and functional homologues by its osmotic activation and its C-terminal extension, which is predicted to form an α-helical coiled-coil. A synthetic polypeptide corresponding to the C-terminus of ProP (ProP-p) formed a dimeric α-helical coiled-coil. A derivative of transporter ProP lacking 26 C-terminal amino acids was expressed but inactive. A derivative harbouring amino acid changes K460I, Y467I and H495I (each at the core, coiled-coil ‘a’ position) required a larger osmotic upshift for activation than did the wild type transporter. The same changes extended, stabilized and altered the oligomeric state of the coiled-coil formed by ProP-p. Amino acid change R488I (also at the ‘a’ position) further increased the magnitude of the osmotic upshift required to activate ProP, reduced the activity attained and rendered ProP activation transient. Unexpectedly, replacement R488I destabilized the coiled-coil formed by ProP-p. The activity and osmotic activation of ProP were even more strongly attenuated by helix-destabilizing change I474P. These data demonstrate that the carboxyl terminal domain of ProP can form a homodimeric α-helical coiled-coil with unusual properties. They implicate the C-terminal domain in the osmotic activation of ProP. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single source coherent anti-Stokes Raman microspectroscopy using spectral focusing (2009)

We demonstrate coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy using a single Ti:sapphire laser oscillator and simple passive optical elements. Spectral selection by dichroic mirrors and linear chirping by glass elements creates a vibrational excitation tuneable over a large spectral range (∼800–2200 cm−1) with adjustable spectral resolution (∼10–100 cm−1). We furthermore demonstrate the applicability of differential CARS, enhancing the chemical selectivity, with the proposed single-laser configuration.
Optimal Home Energy Management Under Dynamic Electrical and Thermal Constraints (2012)

The optimization of energy consumption, with consequent costs reduction, is one of the main challenges in present and future smart grids. Of course, this has to occur keeping the living comfort for the end-user unchanged. In this work, an approach based on the mixed-integer linear programming paradigm, which is able to provide an optimal solution in terms of tasks power consumption and management of renewable resources, is developed. The proposed algorithm yields an optimal task scheduling under dynamic electrical constraints, while simultaneously ensuring the thermal comfort according to the user needs. On purpose, a suitable thermal model based on heat-pump usage has been considered in the framework. Some computer simulations using real data have been performed, and obtained results confirm the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm, also in terms of achievable cost savings.
Differential display of intestinal mRNAs regulated by dietary zinc. (1996)

Regulation of gene expression by zinc is well established, especially through the metal response elements of the metallothionein genes; however, most other aspects of the functions of zinc in gene expression remain unknown. We have looked for intestinal mRNAs that are regulated by dietary zinc status. Using the reverse transcriptase-PCR method of mRNA differential display, we compared intestinal mRNA from rats that were maintained for 18 days in one of three dietary groups: zinc-deficient, zinc-adequate, and pair-fed zinc-adequate. At the end of this period, total RNA was prepared from the intestine and analyzed by mRNA differential display. Under these conditions, only differentially displayed cDNA bands that varied in the zinc-deficient group, relative to the zinc-adequate groups, were selected. Utilizing two anchored oligo-dT3' PCR primers and a total of 27 arbitrary decamers as 5' PCR primers, our results yielded 47 differentially displayed cDNA bands from intestinal RNA. Thirty were increased in zinc deficiency, and 17 were decreased. Nineteen bands were subcloned and sequenced. Eleven of these were detectable on Northern blots, of which four were confirmed as regulated. Three of these have homology to known genes: cholecystokinin, uroguanylin, and ubiquinone oxidoreductase. The fourth is a novel sequence as it has no significant homology in GenBank. The remainder of those cloned included novel sequences, as well as matches to reported expressed sequence tags, and functionally identified genes. Further characterization of the regulated sequences identified here will show whether they are primary or secondary effects of zinc deficiency.
First-principles study of misfit strain-stabilized ferroelectric SnTiO<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2011)

Toxicity of lead and bismuth has motivated an active search for isovalent ferroelectric oxides free of these elements. Using first-principles density-functional calculations, we survey Sn(ii) titanates with SnTiO${}_{3}$ stoichiometry to evaluate the phase stability of polar and nonpolar polymorphs: we predict a tetragonal perovskite $P4mm$ phase with a large axial ratio ($c/a=1.134$) and ferroelectric polarization (1.28 C/m${}^{2}$) to be the ground-state equilibrium structure. We also show that heteroepitaxial thin films of perovskite SnTiO${}_{3}$ promote the stereochemical lone-pair activity and simultaneously enable control over the direction of the net electric polarization and magnitude of the electronic band gap. Finally, we examine the consequence of antisite defects on the polar cation displacements by studying the substitution of Sn on Ti sites. We demonstrate that local metallic screening resulting from site substitution diminishes the magnitude of the polar distortions but does not completely quench it. Based on these calculations, we suggest that polar perovskite SnTiO${}_{3}$ ferroelectrics are viable thin-film alternatives to Pb- and Bi-containing oxides.
Disinfection and Clarification of Treated Sewage by Advanced Microfiltration (1991)

A study was conducted to investigate the use of an advanced membrane microfiltration system to disinfect and clarify secondary and primary treated sewage. The membrane microfiltration system tested incorporated a patented gas backwashing technique which significantly reduces fouling. A comprehensive microbiological testing program established that all indicator bacteria and viruses were removed by this system. Testing for chemical quality showed significant reductions in BOD, suspended solids, turbidity, phosphorus, oil/grease and heavy metals. Consistent filtration rates over several months were achieved without significant biological fouling. The study conclusively showed the capability of the microfiltration system to disinfect and clarify treated sewage.
4D Seismic Interpretive Processing: Optimizing Differential Imaging For Reservoir Monitoring (1998)

Abstract Data from four repeated 3D seismic surveys over the Oseberg Field will be used to demonstrate the concept of 4D interpretive processing: To optimize 4D processing parameters & methodology and to gauge their cost effectiveness & sensitivity to mapping changes in reservoir properties, it is critical to incorporate analysis of reservoir dynamics & rock physics. Comparative analysis begins by building a reference of the seismic response-seismic attribute maps & 4D model-based classification-related to estimated changes in reservoir properties due to production. Subsequent cross-equalization, position error analysis, and optimization of amplitude transforms can then be efficiently performed with the objective of improving reservoir differential imagery. Results from the 4D seismic analysis on the Oseberg data indicate that there is general agreement between differential seismic images and reservoir simulation estimates of volume displacement of oil by gas. P. 329
Runtime support for automatic wide area implementation management in legion (2005)

Computational grids have the potential to give programmersaccess to a much larger set and wider range of underlyingcomputing resources than currently possible. To be useful in this capacity, however, grids must address the problems of heterogeneity, multiple disjoint administrative domains, and scale. This paper describes the Legion implementationmodel, which prescribes how active objects are created and managed in the face of these problems. The Legion wide area metasystem maintains object executablesin architecture-specific binary format, and automaticallydownloads and executes the appropriate binary for theplatform on which the object is to run. The implementationmodel relieves the programmer from requiring an individualaccount on all the machines or domains on which herobjects may run, and from explicitly installing programsthroughout the metasystem. Instead, programmers have asingle account, register executables once, with Legion, andcan then potentially utilize all the machines in the system.
Synergism of imatinib, vatalanib and everolimus in the prevention of chronic lung allograft rejection after lung transplantation (LTx) in rats. (2019)

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) still remains a major drawback in the outcome following lung transplantation (LTx). New therapeutic strategies are warranted. Growth factors and their receptors like platelet-derived growth factor-receptor (PDGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor (VEGFR), may play a crucial role in the development of CLAD, especially bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) and vasculopathy. In this study, we used an orthotopic left lung transplantation model from Fischer (F344) to Wystar Kyoto (WKY) rats to investigate the effect of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (RTKI) vatalanib alone, the dual combination of vatalanib and imatinib and a triple therapy consisting of vatalanib, imatinib and the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTORI) everolimus on the development of CLAD after LTx in rats. With this trial we demonstrated that monotherapy with vatalanib attenuated mild and severe chronic vascular rejection, whereas dual therapy (vatalanib and imatinib) after LTx also showed a significant reduction of chronic bronchiolar rejection and interstitial fibrosis. By adding everolimus, the effect of vatalanib and imatinib could additionally be increased. In conclusion, the combination of mTORI and RTKIs might be a possible strategy in the prevention of CLAD and BO.
Performance of power detector sensors of DTV signals in IEEE 802.22 WRANs (2006)

Sensing is the most important component in any cognitive radio system. The IEEE 802.22 Working Group (WG) is formulating the first worldwide standard for cognitive radios to operate in the television (TV) bands. In order for this standard to succeed, it is imperative that IEEE 802.22 systems employ an effective sensing mechanism to detect the presence of television signals so that it can opportunistically access those bands that are not currently used by TV transmitters. In this paper we highlight the simulation methodology used in the IEEE 802.22 WG and study the performance of the power detector.
The Structures of Thiolutin and Aureothricin, Antibiotics Containing a Unique Pyrrolinonodithiole Nucleus (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Structures of Thiolutin and Aureothricin, Antibiotics Containing a Unique Pyrrolinonodithiole NucleusWalter D. Celmer and I. A. SolomonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 10, 2861–2865Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01615a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01615a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views402Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Some Amine Derivatives of Acrylonitrile (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Amine Derivatives of AcrylonitrileO. F. Wiedeman and W. H. MontgomeryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 11, 1994–1996Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01227a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01227a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemotaxis of aortic endothelial cells in response to fibronectin. (1982)

We have determined the chemotactic response of bovine aortic endothelial cells to fibronectin and to endothelial cell mitogens (endothelial cell growth supplement, tumor extract), using blind-well chemotaxis chambers. Fibronectin induced a chemotactic response in bovine aortic endothelial cells; at 100 micrograms/ml, chemotaxis increased by 440% above that observed in negative controls (p less than 0.001). The chemotactic response plateaued with time, paralleling the disappearance of the fibronectin concentration gradient in the chambers. As further evidence that chemotaxis was measured, we observed that cell migration did not occur when cells were incubated with fibronectin in the absence of a concentration gradient. Endothelial cell mitogens increased bovine aortic endothelial cell proliferation in our experiments but did not stimulate chemotaxis above background levels. In contrast, fibronectin inhibited cell proliferation by 23%. We present a hypothetical model of the role of fibronectin in evoking endothelial cell chemotaxis during tumor neovascularization.
3D Hallway Modeling Using a Single Image (2014)

Real-time, low-resource corridor reconstruction using a single consumer grade RGB camera is a powerful tool for allowing a fast, inexpensive solution to indoor mobility of a visually impaired person or a robot. The perspective and known geometry of a corridor is used to extract the important features of the image and create a 3D model from a single image. Multiple 3D models can be combined to increase confidence and provide a global 3D model. This paper presents our results on 3D corridor modeling using single images. First a simple but effective 3D corridor modeling approach is introduced which makes very few assumptions of the camera information. Second, a perspective based Hough transform algorithm is proposed to detect vertical lines in order to determine the edges of the corridor. Finally, issues in real-time implementation on a smartphone are discussed. Experimental results are provided to validate the proposed approach. This work has the potential to also function in environments with properties analogous to corridors such as highways, sidewalks, city blocks, etc.