gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>AKT1</i> Amplification Regulates Cisplatin Resistance in Human Lung Cancer Cells through the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin/p70S6K1 Pathway (2007)

Cisplatin [cis-diaminodichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP)] is one of the most widely used and effective therapeutic agents for many kinds of cancers. However, its efficiency is limited due to development of drug resistance. In this study, we showed that CDDP resistance was associated with AKT1 overexpression and gene amplification in human lung cancer cells that acquired the drug resistance. We showed that AKT1 forced expression in the cells was sufficient to render the cells CDDP resistant, and that AKT1 inhibition by its dominant negative mutant reversed the CDDP-resistant cells to be CDDP sensitive. These results show that AKT1 activity is essential for regulating CDDP resistance in cultured lung cancer cells. To study whether these results were correlated with human lung cancer tumors, we randomly selected tumor samples from human lung cancer patients to study the correlation of AKT activation and CDDP resistance in clinical tumor samples. We showed that AKT activation was highly related to CDDP chemosensitivity in human tumor tissues. Our results further showed that AKT1 induced lung cancer cells to become resistant to CDDP through the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. These studies conclude that AKT amplification and the mTOR pathway play an important role in human lung cancer cells acquiring CDDP resistance, which represents a new mechanism for acquiring CDDP resistance and a potential novel therapeutic target for overcoming CDDP resistance in human cancer in the future.
The Hansenula polymorpha PER8 gene encodes a novel peroxisomal integral membrane protein involved in proliferation. (1995)

We previously described the isolation of mutants of the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha that are defective in peroxisome biogenesis. Here, we describe the characterization of one of these mutants, per8, and the cloning of the PER8 gene. In either methanol or methylamine medium, conditions that normally induce the organelles, per8 cells contain no peroxisome-like structures and peroxisomal enzymes are located in the cytosol. The sequence of PER8 predicts that its product (Per8p) is a novel polypeptide of 34 kD, and antibodies against Per8p recognize a protein of 31 kD. Analysis of the primary sequence of Per8p revealed a 39-amino-acid cysteine-rich segment with similarity to the C3HC4 family of zinc-finger motifs. Overexpression of PER8 results in a markedly enhanced increase in peroxisome numbers. We show that Per8p is an integral membrane protein of the peroxisome and that it is concentrated in the membranes of newly formed organelles. We propose that Per8p is a component of the molecular machinery that controls the proliferation of this organelle.
<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>Infections in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit: Predictors of Multi‐drug Resistance (2008)

Acinetobacter baumannii infections are frequent and associated with high morbidity, mortality, and multi-resistance. Avoidance of unnecessary antibiotics is a high priority, and specific attention should be paid to patients with previous ARDS and, particularly, previous septic shock and reoperation. When such risk factors are identified, colistin may be the only appropriate treatment.
Inside the machine: an illustrated introduction to microprocessors and computer architecture (2007)

Chapter 1: Basic Computing Concepts Chapter 2: The Mechanics of Program Execution Chapter 3: Pipelined Execution Chapter 4: Superscalar Execution Chapter 5: The Intel Pentium and Pentium Pro Chapter 6: PowerPC Processors: 600 Series, 700 Series, and 7400 Chapter 7: Intel's Pentium 4 vs. Motorola's G4e: Approaches and Design Philosophies Chapter 8: Intel's Pentium 4 vs. Motorola's G4e: The Back End Chapter 9: 64-Bit Computing and x86-64 Chapter 10: The G5: IBM's PowerPC 970 Chapter 11: Understanding Caching and Performance Chapter 12: Intel's Pentium M, Core Duo, and Core 2 Duo
Improving the clinical assessment of consciousness with advances in electrophysiological and neuroimaging techniques (2010)

In clinical neurology, a comprehensive understanding of consciousness has been regarded as an abstract concept--best left to philosophers. However, times are changing and the need to clinically assess consciousness is increasingly becoming a real-world, practical challenge. Current methods for evaluating altered levels of consciousness are highly reliant on either behavioural measures or anatomical imaging. While these methods have some utility, estimates of misdiagnosis are worrisome (as high as 43%)--clearly this is a major clinical problem. The solution must involve objective, physiologically based measures that do not rely on behaviour. This paper reviews recent advances in physiologically based measures that enable better evaluation of consciousness states (coma, vegetative state, minimally conscious state, and locked in syndrome). Based on the evidence to-date, electroencephalographic and neuroimaging based assessments of consciousness provide valuable information for evaluation of residual function, formation of differential diagnoses, and estimation of prognosis.
Linograms in image reconstruction from projections. 1. Back projecting using the Radon transform (2003)

The notion of linogram is introduced. It corresponds to the notion of a sinogram in the conventional representation of projection data in image reconstruction. In the sinogram the points corresponding to rays that go through a fixed point in the cross section to be reconstructed all fall on a sinusoidal curve. In the linogram, however, these points fall on a straight line, so back projection corresponds to integration along straight lines in the linogram. A theorem is described which expresses the back projection operator in terms of the Radon transform and simple changes of variables. A novel image reconstruction method based on the theorem is introduced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fourth-generation mobile initiatives and technologies [Guest Editorial] (2002)

Presents the guest editorial for this issue of the publication.
An adaptive coverage adjustment mechanism for LTE femtocells (2010)

Femtocells are tiny base stations designed for the improvement of coverage and capacity of the cellular networks. Subscribers can get and install femtocells in their premises to improve the indoor signal or to increase the bandwidth when needed. However, spontaneously and arbitrarily deploying femtocells incurs difficulties of channel allocation and raises the possibility of coverage overlapping for femtocell using same channels. As a result, there will be a larger probability of co-channel interferences in the network. To mitigate the interferences among unplanned femtocells, the paper proposed an LTE femtocell coverage adjustment mechanism. Through collecting the information of user equipments (UE) and femtocells, the mechanism can determine and adaptively adjust appropriate coverage of femtocells when interferences occurred, based on signal quality, interferences and the user preference. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively mitigate the co-channel interference. The interference rate can be reduced for 29.5% in average, and the average SINR of UEs can be increased for 212%.
Selection of process control structure based on linear dynamic economics (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelection of process control structure based on linear dynamic economicsLawrence T. Narraway and John D. PerkinsCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 11, 2681–2692Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00023a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00023a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views286Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
P‐19: Dual Active Layer Structure of Nitrogen Doped Amorphous InSnZnO Thin‐Film Transistors for Negative Gate Bias Stability Improvement (2016)

IZTO‐TFT was inherently having high mobility; however, the stability is a concern hindering it from practical application. In this paper, we used nitrogen doping to improve the NGBS stability by a factor of 80%. Furthermore, we also adopted IZTO (high‐conductive)/IZTO:N double active layer structure to avoid mobility degradation.
Biodegradability of Azo and Triphenylmethane dyes by <i>Pseudomonas pseudomallei</i> 13NA (1981)

Biodegradability of dyes by Pseudomonas pseudomallei 13NA was examined by spectrophotometric and thin layer chromatographic methods. The results are summarized as follows: Pseudomonas pseudomallei 13NA intact cells were responsible for the decolorization of p–aminoazobenzene, C. I. Acid Orange 7, C. I. Acid Orange 12, C. I. Acid Orange 20, C. I. Acid Red 88, C. I. Direct Red 28, C. I. Direct Yellow 4, C. I. Basic Violet 1, C. I. Basic Violet 3 and C. I. Basic Orange 21. The half–decolorization time of the azo dyes used in this experiment showed good correlation with their molecular weights. The detection of the reaction products of p–aminoazobenzene and C. I. Basic Violet 3 was examined by spectrophotometric and thin layer chromatographic methods. The results indicate the possibility of biodegradation of these dyes by Pseudomonas pseudomallei 13NA.
Differences in Results for Aneurysm vs Occlusive Disease After Bifurcation Grafts (1980)

To compare abdomonal aortic surgery for aneurysmal (AAA) vs occlusive (OCC) disease, 50 consecutive cases of elective bifurcation grafts for AAA and 50 consecutive cases for OCC disease were analyzed. The mean age of the AAA patients was a decade greater than the OCC patients, and they had more associated diseases. Only six AAA patients were women, while women predominated in the OCC group. Only three AAA patients were claudicants and none had rest pain. About one third of the OCC group had distal disease, and 14 had rest pain. Operative mortality was 4% (two deaths in each group). The survival of the grafted AAA patients was almost equal to normal expectancy. There were no late thromboses of grafts in the AAA group, while there were five late failures in the OCC group. The OCC group underwent significantly more frequent reoperative surgery during the follow-up period. The numerous differences in the two population groups apparent in this study provide a basis for questioning the concept that aneurysms are caused by atherosclerosis.
Bismaleimide/carbon nanotube hybrids for potential aerospace application: I. Static and dynamic mechanical properties (2007)

Abstract Two kinds of hybrids based on diallyl bisphenol A modified bismaleimide (BMI‐BA) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or aminated carbon nanotubes (A‐CNTs) were prepared, their static and dynamic mechanical properties were investigated in detail by using impact and flexural measurements as well as dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Results show that these mechanical properties of hybrids greatly depended on the nature (or the functional groups on CNTs) and loading in BMI‐BA matrix of hybrids. For example, the BMI‐BA/A‐CNT hybrid with a desirable amount of A‐CNTs has a higher impact strength than the original BMI‐BA resin, while all BMI‐BA/CNT hybrids have lower impact strength than the original BMI‐BA resin. DMA test shows that all hybrids have somewhat lower storage modulus and glass transition temperature than a pure polymer, which maybe attributed to the fact that both CNTs and A‐CNTs shift the curing peak to a higher temperature range and thus decrease the crosslinking density of networks. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Confidence Intervals for Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha Values (2003)

Coefficient Alpha, which is widely used in empirical research, estimates the reliability of a test consisting of parallel items. In practice it is difficult to compare values of alpha across studies as it depends on the number of items used. In this paper we provide a simple solution, which amounts to computing the confidence intervals of an alpha, as these intervals automatically account for differences across the numbers of items. We also give appropriate statistics to test for significant differences of alpha values across studies.
Combined Action of PHD and Chromo Domains Directs the Rpd3S HDAC to Transcribed Chromatin (2007)

Nucleosomes must be deacetylated behind elongating RNA polymerase II to prevent cryptic initiation of transcription within the coding region. RNA polymerase II signals for deacetylation through the methylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36), which provides the recruitment signal for the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex (HDAC). The recognition of methyl H3K36 by Rpd3S requires the chromodomain of its Eaf3 subunit. Paradoxically, Eaf3 is also a subunit of the NuA4 acetyltransferase complex, yet NuA4 does not recognize methyl H3K36 nucleosomes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we found that methyl H3K36 nucleosome recognition by Rpd3S also requires the plant homeobox domain (PHD) of its Rco1 subunit. Thus, the coupled chromo and PHD domains of Rpd3S specify recognition of the methyl H3K36 mark, demonstrating the first combinatorial domain requirement within a protein complex to read a specific histone code.
Synthesis and gastrointestinal pharmacology of a 3E,5Z diene analog of misoprostol (1987)

A stereospecific synthesis and the gastric antisecretory and diarrheal activity of a 3E,5Z diene analogue of misoprostol are described. The key intermediate in the synthesis was an alpha chain truncated acetylene that was obtained by a cuprate/enolate capture procedure on the corresponding cyclopentenone. Palladium-catalyzed coupling of the acetylene with methyl 4-iodo-3(E)-butenoate provided the conjugated enyne. Although selective hydrogenation of the enyne with Lindlar catalyst failed, the desired 3E,5Z diene was obtained with P-2 nickel as catalyst. The diene was about 3 times more potent than misoprostol in inhibiting gastric acid secretion in dogs and also in producing diarrhea in rats.
Spasmodic torticollis due to neurovascular compression of the 11th nerve (1985)

An unusual case of spasmodic torticollis caused by posteroinferior cerebellar artery compression of the spinal accessory nerve is reported. The spasmodic torticollis was cured by abolishing the neurovascular compression.
Comparative Activity of β-Lactam Antibiotics against ‘Intrinsically’ Ticarcillin-Resistant Strains of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (1994)

The in vitro activity of piperacillin, cefoperazone, cefsulodin, ceftazidime, aztreonam and imipenem was studied against 44 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 'intrinsic' resistance to ticarcillin in comparison with 20 ticarcillin-susceptible strains, by MIC determination and the disk diffusion test. The activity of the antibiotics, imipenem excepted, against the resistant strains was reduced when compared to the susceptible strains. The most significant reduction was found for aztreonam and the least significant for ceftazidime. When considering the breakpoints, all strains were intermediate with aztreonam and cefoperazone, but most of them remained susceptible to ceftazidime, piperacillin and cefsulodin.
DRAINAGE OF SUBRETINAL FLUID IN RETINAL DETACHMENT SURGERY WITH THE EL-MOFTY INSULATED DIATHERMY ELECTRODE (1994)

This method provides a simple and safe technique for the drainage of subretinal fluid that obviates the need to directly perforate the choroid.
Computational approach to discriminate human and mouse sequences in patient-derived tumour xenografts (2018)

The computational pipeline we describe here is a valuable tool for the molecular analysis of PDTXs as well as any other mixture of DNA or RNA species.
Solvent extraction employing a static micromixer: A simple, robust and versatile technology for the microencapsulation of proteins (2003)

AbstractThe potential of a static micromixer for the production of protein-loaded biodegradable polymeric microspheres by a modified solvent extraction process was examined. The mixer consists of an array of microchannels and features a simple set-up, consumes only very small space, lacks moving parts and offers simple control of the microsphere size. Scale-up from lab bench to industrial production is easily feasible through parallel installation of a sufficient number of micromixers ('number-up'). Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres loaded with a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), were prepared. The influence of various process and formulation parameters on the characteristics of the microspheres was examined with special focus on particle size distribution. Microspheres with monomodal size distributions having mean diameters of 5–30 μm were produced with excellent reproducibility. Particle size distributions were largely unaffected by polymer solution concentration, polymer type and nominal BSA load, but depended on the polymer solvent. Moreover, particle mean diameters could be varied in a considerable range by modulating the flow rates of the mixed fluids. BSA encapsulation efficiencies were mostly in the region of 75–85% and product yields ranged from 90–100%. Because of its simple set-up and its suitability for continuous production, static micromixing is suggested for the automated and aseptic production of proteinloaded microspheres.Key Words: Static micromixersolvent extractionmicrospheresprotein micro-encapsulationpoly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
Keratin 16 regulates innate immunity in response to epidermal barrier breach (2013)

Mutations in the type I keratin 16 (Krt16) and its partner type II keratin 6 (Krt6a, Krt6b) cause pachyonychia congenita (PC), a disorder typified by dystrophic nails, painful hyperkeratotic calluses in glabrous skin, and lesions involving other epithelial appendages. The pathophysiology of these symptoms and its relationship to settings in which Krt16 and Krt6 are induced in response to epidermal barrier stress are poorly understood. We report that hyperkeratotic calluses arising in the glabrous skin of individuals with PC and Krt16 null mice share a gene expression signature enriched in genes involved in inflammation and innate immunity, in particular damage-associated molecular patterns. Transcriptional hyper-activation of damage-associated molecular pattern genes occurs following de novo chemical or mechanical irritation to ear skin and in spontaneously arising skin lesions in Krt16 null mice. Genome-wide expression analysis of normal mouse tail skin and benign proliferative lesions reveals a tight, context-dependent coregulation of Krt16 and Krt6 with genes involved in skin barrier maintenance and innate immunity. Our results uncover a role for Krt16 in regulating epithelial inflammation that is relevant to genodermatoses, psoriasis, and cancer and suggest a avenue for the therapeutic management of PC and related disorders.
Carboxyl Ester Lipase (Bile Salt-Stimulated Lipase), Colipase, Lipase, and Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>Levels in Pancreatic Enzyme Supplements (1997)

PES differ considerably in their content of lipolytic enzymes. CEL activities were relatively low and COL and PLA2 activities high compared with normal duodenal content. The manufacturing procedure can be improved to increase the lipolytic activity in PES in a broader meaning. It seems to be most important to increase the amount of CEL. From these in vitro data we advocate a more careful decision in the choice of PES for each patient, depending on the total clinical picture. Money can be saved without disadvantage to the patient.
Comparing Approaches to Virtualized Page Translation in Modern VMMs (2010)

Virtual machine monitors for modern x86 processors can use a variety of approaches to virtualize address translation. These include the widely-used software approach of shadow paging, with and without caching or prefetching, as well as the widely used hardware approach of nested paging. We compare and analyze the measured performance of these approaches on two different VMMs, KVM and Palacios, under a variety of different workloads on physical hardware (AMD Barcelona). We find that which approach is best is very dependent on the workload, and the differences can be quite significant. The difference between the worst and best approach can be as much as a factor of 53, with typical differences being a factor of 2. The difference between best software approach and nested paging can be as much as a factor of 3, with typical differences being small. These variations suggest that an adaptive approach to virtualizing address translation is likely to be beneficial.
Tissue-specific expression of the RI and RII sodium channel subtypes. (1987)

Anti-peptide antibodies that distinguish between the rat brain sodium channel subtypes referred to as RI and RII were prepared and used to determine their relative expression in nerve and muscle tissues. Sodium channels purified from rat brain are approximately 18% RI and 80% RII. In brain, the RII subtype is preferentially expressed with RI/RII ratios ranging from 0.07 in the hippocampus to 0.17 in the cerebral cortex. The RI subtype is preferentially expressed in more caudal areas of the central nervous system with values of RI/RII of 0.98 for medulla oblongata and 2.2 for spinal cord. Expression of additional unidentified sodium channel subtype(s) is detected in midbrain, medulla, and spinal cord, and expression of unidentified sodium channel subtypes predominates over expression of RI and RII in retina and optic nerve. The RI and RII subtypes are primarily expressed in the central nervous system and are not detected in significant numbers in skeletal or cardiac muscle, sympathetic ganglia, adrenal medulla, sciatic nerve, or cauda equina. The RII subtype appears first in development of both brain and spinal cord but declines in adult spinal cord as the RI subtype increases. The strict regional expression of these two sodium channel subtypes suggests that they may have distinct functional properties or physiological roles.
A directly coupled dual emitting core based molecular design of thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters (2017)

New green thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials built on a directly coupled dual emitting core based backbone structure were designed, synthesized, and applied as green dopants in TADF devices.