gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utilization of observations of well bore failure to constrain the orientation and magnitude of crustal stresses: Application to continental, Deep Sea Drilling Project, and Ocean Drilling Program boreholes (1990)

The conditions necessary for compressive and tensile failure of well bores drilled into crystalline rock can be adequately represented by simple elastic failure criteria, and analysis of well bore failure can provide constraints on the magnitudes of in situ stresses if the strength of the rock is known. When applied to several boreholes drilled into continental crust where there is relatively complete knowledge of stress magnitudes, these criteria enable us to predict the depth at which compressive failure of the well bores is observed. In oceanic crust, breakouts have been observed at depths below 700 m below sea floor in Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) hole 504B, drilled into 5.9 Ma crust south of the Costa Rica Rift, and near the bottom of DSDP hole 395A, drilled into 7.3 Ma crust west of the Mid–Atlantic Ridge. In both cases the azimuth of maximum horizontal compressive stress is roughly perpendicular to the ridge axis. As the unconfined compressive strengths of basalt samples from DSDP hole 504B are generally above 200 MPa (Bauer and Handin, 1985), the existence of breakouts in DSDP holes 395A and 504B requires a highly compressional stress state, where S hmin ∼ S v and S Hmax ≥ 100 Mpa at about 500 m subbasement. These results are consistent with the state of stress inferred from compressional (strike‐slip and reverse faulting) earthquake focal mechanisms in young oceanic crust. As ridge push forces are relatively small in young oceanic crust, we concur with previous suggestions that the high horizontal compressive stresses result from the thermoelastic effects of a convectively cooled upper crustal layer overlying a conductively cooling lithosphere.
A compendium of methods useful for characterizing <i>Arabidopsis</i> pollen mutants and gametophytically‐ expressed genes (2004)

This article provides detailed protocols for collecting pollen and outlines genetic crosses and phenotypic assays that are useful for characterizing mutants that affect pollen development.
Aluminum oxide hard mask fabrication by focused ion beam implantation and wet etching (2012)

A novel aluminum oxide (Al2O3) hard mask fabrication process with nanoscale resolution is introduced in this work. The Al2O3 mask can be used for various purposes, and in this thesis it was utilized for silicon patterning using cryogenic deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). Patterning of Al2O3 is a two-step process utilizing focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation combined with wet etching. Ga+ FIB maskless patterning renders wet etch selectivity between the irradiated region and the non-irradiated region on the Al2O3 layer, and mask patterns can be easily revealed by wet etching. This method is a modification of direct Ga+ FIB implantation for silicon etch stop. Introducing an Al2O3 layer eliminates the lattice damage and doping to silicon substrate in critical devices, as an extra film protects the underlying silicon from Ga+ ions. Masking capacity is evaluated in terms of equal width line and space pairs amount per 1 µm in a nano-line array. 7 pairs per 1 µm is achieved in this work.
Decorin Interacts with Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF)/CCN2 by LRR12 Inhibiting Its Biological Activity (2011)

Fibrotic disorders are the end point of many chronic diseases in different tissues, where an accumulation of the extracellular matrix occurs, mainly because of the action of the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2). Little is known about how this growth factor activity is regulated. We found that decorin null myoblasts are more sensitive to CTGF than wild type myoblasts, as evaluated by the accumulation of fibronectin or collagen III. Decorin added exogenously negatively regulated CTGF pro-fibrotic activity and the induction of actin stress fibers. Using co-immunoprecipitation and in vitro interaction assays, decorin and CTGF were shown to interact in a saturable manner with a K(d) of 4.4 nM. This interaction requires the core protein of decorin. Experiments using the deletion mutant decorin indicated that the leucine-rich repeats (LRR) 10-12 are important for the interaction with CTGF and the negative regulation of the cytokine activity, moreover, a peptide derived from the LRR12 was able to inhibit CTGF-decorin complex formation and CTGF activity. Finally, we showed that CTGF specifically induced the synthesis of decorin, suggesting a mechanism of autoregulation. These results suggest that decorin interacts with CTGF and regulates its biological activity.
Study of the adriamycin-cardiolipin complex structure using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (1987)

Adriamycin plays a prominent role in the treatment of leukemia and solid tumors in man. The mode of interaction of adriamycin with its nuclear target, responsible for its therapeutic effect, is known [Berman, H. M., & Young, P.R. (1981) Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. 10, 87-114]. The planar anthracycline moiety of adriamycin intercalates between the base pairs whereas the sugar moiety fits into the DNA large groove. However, the cardiotoxicity of adriamycin places a limit on the total dose that may be given [Minow, R. A., Banjamin, R.S., & Gottlieb, J. A. (1975) Cancer Chemother. Rep. 6, 195-202]. Much evidence suggests that the mitochondrial membrane could be the target responsible for adriamycin cardiotoxicity. The formation of a very stable complex between adriamycin and cardiolipin, a phospholipid specific to the inner mitochondrial membrane, has been shown to inhibit several mitochondrial membrane enzymes whose activities depend on the presence of cardiolipin. Using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, we demonstrate here that, in the adriamycin-cardiolipin complex, both cardiolipin and adriamycin structures are modified as compared with the pure substances. Dichroism values indicate a slight reorientation of the cardiolipin molecule toward a normal to the plane of the bilayer whereas adriamycin, which shows no ordering in a pure phase, is highly ordered in the complex, the anthracycline moiety titled at about 40 degrees with respect to the normal to the plane of the bilayer. The partial disappearance of NH3+ characteristic bands indicates the involvement of the positively charged amino group of adriamycin in the complex formation.
Stereoscopic output and novel interaction concepts for the IAVAS I3D Player (2008)

The IAVAS I3D Player is a terminal for object-based interactive audiovisual scenes. It features an advanced audio rendering engine allowing for a realistic reproduction of the aural parts of a scene. At the same time, a graphics engine is able to render two-dimensional and three-dimensional scene objects. In this paper we present the addition of stereoscopic and autostereoscopic graphics output capabilities to the player as well as support for contemporary interaction devices. Combined with the audio rendering engine, these new features greatly enhance the realism and the level of immersion achievable.
Dielectric Properties and a.c. Conductivity of Epoxy/Alumina Silicate NGK Composites (2015)

Alumina silicate powder which is extracted from the obsolete spark plug NGK (insulator part as a filler) has been used to produce epoxy/alumina silicate composite. The dielectric behavior of the composite materials (epoxy resin-alumina silicate NGK) is analyzed as a function of the filler content, temperature and frequency. AC conductivity and impedance are also studied. The results show that the permittivity, dielectric loss and loss tangent for all composites increase with increasing alumina silicate NGK filler content.
Corrosion in condensers (1921)

The paper refers to the progress which has been made in recent years towards a clear understanding of the causes of the corrosion of brass tubes in condensers. It details experiments in which the problem is attacked by studying both the metal of the tubes, its grain structure, and composition, and also the operating conditions in the condenser. The influence of both on the performance of the tubes is observed. The results recorded are strictly of a practical nature, and represent the data which the author has been able to collect from experience with the 33,000 tubes in use at the Ultimo and White Bay Power Houses, Sydney. In general it is concluded that, while tubes of unsatisfactory mixture and structure have been found, the operating conditions introduce many serious factors, and some experiments are detailed dealing with the influence of temperature, water velocity, and the factor of organic decomposition. The last factor is introduced in this paper, but the account of its further study is reserved for a later joint communication.
Neovascularization and tumor growth in the rabbit brain. A model for experimental studies of angiogenesis and the blood-brain barrier. (1988)

A model for the study of tumor angiogenesis within the rabbit brain is presented. Implantation of the VX2 carcinoma provides a reproducible tumor accompanied by angiogenesis. The authors report the sequential growth, histology, tumor neovascularization, and vascular permeability of this tumor following its intracerebral implantation. Tumor angiogenesis correlates with the rapid and logarithmic intracerebral tumor growth. The proliferation of blood vessels in the tumor and the organization of tumor cells around tumor vessels are described. Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (detected by Evans blue leakage) starts in the early stages of tumor development and becomes prominent as the tumor vasculature and size increase. This model is useful for experimental studies of angiogenesis.
Non-Gaussian effects in 1/<i>f</i>noise in small silicon-on-sapphire resistors (1985)

Several models for 1/f noise in silicon which give identical predictions for noise spectra were found to give distinct predictions for non-Gaussian effects as shown by Monte Carlo simulations. Measurements on silicon-on-sapphire resistors ranging in area to less than 1 (\ensuremath{\mu}m${)}^{2}$ revealed both non-Gaussian effects and sample-to-sample spectral variations. The results were qualitatively similar to those expected for a simple superposition of two-level trapping systems and dissimilar to those for a random walk in a random potential. However, some random modulation of some of the two-level systems was found.
RTL test pattern generation for high quality loosely deterministic BIST (2003)

High quality Built-In Self Test (BIST) needs to efficiently tackle the coverage of random-pattern-resistant (r.p.r) defects. Several techniques have been proposed to cover r.p.r faults at logic level, namely, weighted pseudo-random and mixed-mode. In mixed-mode test pattern generation (TPG) techniques, deterministic tests are added to pseudorandom vectors to detect r.p.r. faults. Recently, a RTL mixed-mode TPG technique has been proposed to cover r.p.r defects, the mask-based BIST technique. The purpose of this paper is to present mask-based BIST TPG improvements, namely in two areas: RTL estimation of the test length to be used for each mask in order to reach high Defects Coverage (DC), and the identification of an optimum mask for each set of nested RTL conditions. Results are used to predict the number of customized vectors for each mask of one ITC'99 benchmark module.
Sensorless control strategies for PWM rectifier (2002)

In this paper two different control strategies for a PWM rectifier without line voltage sensors are compared. The direct power control (DPC) which has no need for line voltage measurements is compared to the conventional voltage oriented control (VOC) strategy in rotating coordinates with a novel line voltage estimator. The steady-state performance of both strategies is compared with regards to voltage unbalance and pre-distorted grid. Furthermore, the use of discontinuous modulation is motivated in the classical control strategy and is analyzed along with the novel line voltage estimator. It is shown that the VOC strategy with line voltage estimator exhibits several advantages compared to DPC. Some simulations and experimental results verifying the comparison are presented.
Metabolic dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension: the expanding relevance of the <scp>W</scp> arburg effect (2013)

Studies of metabolic dysregulation in PH are just emerging but may offer powerful therapeutic means to prevent or even reverse disease progression at the molecular level.
Mesoporous ethanesilica materials with bimodal and trimodal pore-size distributions synthesised in the presence of cobalt ions (2010)

Mesoporous organosilica materials containing ethane groups in their framework were formed with two and three pore sizes (i.e. bimodal and trimodal pores) when synthesised by the sol-gel method in the presence of cobalt ions. The compounds 1,2-bistrimethoxysilylethane and tetraethylorthosilicate were used as silicon sources and the reactions were done in the presence of a surfactant, which served as a template. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy revealed that organic functional groups were incorporated into the ethanesilica. Powder X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption data indicated that the mesophase and textural properties (surface area, pore volume, pore diameter) of the materials were dependent on the ageing temperature, the amount/ratio of silica precursors and cobalt ion incorporation. Secondary mesopores were drastically reduced by changing the ratio of silicon precursors.
Polymeric microcapsules of the herbicides atrazine and metribuzin: Preparation and evaluation of controlled-release properties (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymeric microcapsules of the herbicides atrazine and metribuzin: Preparation and evaluation of controlled-release propertiesOliver D. Dailey, Clyde C. Dowler, and Ben G. MullinixCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 9, 1517–1522Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00033a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00033a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence for genomic instability in human colonic aberrant crypt foci. (1996)

Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are morphologically abnormal structures that can be identified in whole amounts of colonic tissue from rodents treated with colon carcinogens and from patients at risk for development of colon tumors. ACF are heterogeneous and exhibit properties, such as altered patterns of cell proliferation, the presence of dysplasia, and mutations in protooncogenes and tumor formation. In this study, we have investigated the presence of genomic instability in DNA isolated from human ACF from patients with colon cancer. Altered allele length detected by electrophoretic separation of PCR amplified oligo A or microsatellite loci was used to identify candidate samples which were then more rigorously investigated by sequence analysis for instability. Of 20 patients examined, two exhibited alterations at two loci, and this instability could be confirmed by sequence analysis. An additional seven of the 20 patients had evidence for instability at a single locus. Quantitative sequence analysis of the DNA from an ACF of one of these seven patients was consistent with alteration of allele length in this patient, but the alteration was not sufficiently different from normal to reach statistical significance. Thus, genomic instability, manifest as altered length of microsatellite and oligo A sequences, in present in some ACF, and therefore can be a very early event in the development of some human colon cancers.
Nitroaenen and orange production: Results of preliminary experiments indicate some groves need less nitrogen to maintain production (1954)

Annual applications of two to three pounds of actual nitrogen per tree are commonly made in California orange orchards.
Conducted EMI reduction of a soft-single-switched boost converter using heat-sink capacitance cancellation (2015)

Conventional power supplies are considered as sources of electromagnetic interference. Increasing use of power converters leads to the need of electromagnetic emissions. Although soft switching methods are addressed to reduce electromagnetic emissions, the amount of EMI reduction may not be enough which leads to employ another EMI reduction methods. In this paper, a pulse width modulation soft-single-switched boost converter is modeled from conducted EMI viewpoint and its conducted EMI is predicted. To reduce EMI, a EMI reduction technique based on cancellation of the switch parasitic capacitor is investigated. This technique is applied to the converter and conducted EMI is simulated. The comparison between simulation results shows a considerable reduction in conducted EMI levels after applying this technique.
60GHz quadrature doppler radar transceiver in a 0.25μm SiGe BiCMOS technology (2008)

A 60GHz Doppler radar for short-range presence detection applications in the unlicensed 60GHz band is described. The 1.1times2.1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> SiGe:C BiCMOS IC includes a 60GHz VCO, a polyphase filter for quadrature signal generation, a low-noise amplifier with current reuse quadrature down-conversion mixer and a power amplifier. The VCO can be tuned from 59.5-61.5GHz. The receiver quadrature accuracy is better than 27dB across a plusmn10MHz IF bandwidth. With a single-ended input drive of the differential input, the receiver achieves a conversion gain of 55dB and a DSB noise figure of 22.9dB. Assuming 4dBi antenna gains, the radar IC supports up to 5m range.
Radiative lifetimes of NO A Σ2+(v′=,1,2) and the electronic transition moment of the A Σ2+−X Π2 system (2009)

Improved measurements of the radiative lifetimes of NO A Σ2+(v′=0,1,2) are presented and used to update the absolute electronic transition moment for the NO γ bands. The pressure-dependent fluorescence decay rate was measured in a low-pressure, room-temperature, flow cell containing dilute mixtures of NO in N2 using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence excited with a picosecond laser and detected with a microchannel-plate photomultiplier tube. Fluorescence decay rates were determined using an analysis procedure that accounted for the electronic response of the detection system and measurement noise. Radiative lifetimes were determined from an extrapolation of the measured decay rates to zero pressure. In comparison with prior measurements of these radiative lifetimes, the improved experimental approach and analysis procedure result in a significant improvement in the measurement precision. The accuracy of the fluorescence decay-rate measurements was confirmed by independent measurements using time-correlated single-photon counting and time-resolved probing of laser-excited population in A Σ2+ using 266 nm photoionization and charge detection. The measured radiative lifetimes are 192.6±0.2 ns for v′=0, 186.2±0.4 ns for v′=1, and 179.4±0.7 ns for v′=2. The measured lifetimes are shown to be in outstanding agreement with those predicted by an electronic transition moment that is identical in form to the function recommended by Luque and Crosley [J. Chem. Phys. 111, 7405 (1999)] after appropriate rescaling. This rescaling does not affect the agreement of the transition moment function with the previously reported vibrational branching ratios and improves agreement with previously reported absolute oscillator strength measurements. Based on the rescaled transition moment, updated values of absolute transition probabilities in the NO A Σ2+−X Π2 system are presented.
Localization of Anionic Phospholipids in Escherichia coli Cells (2014)

Cardiolipin (CL) is an anionic phospholipid with a characteristically large curvature and is of growing interest for two primary reasons: (i) it binds to and regulates many peripheral membrane proteins in bacteria and mitochondria, and (ii) it is distributed asymmetrically in rod-shaped cells and is concentrated at the poles and division septum. Despite the growing number of studies of CL, its function in bacteria remains unknown. 10-N-Nonyl acridine orange (NAO) is widely used to image CL in bacteria and mitochondria, as its interaction with CL is reported to produce a characteristic red-shifted fluorescence emission. Using a suite of biophysical techniques, we quantitatively studied the interaction of NAO with anionic phospholipids under physiologically relevant conditions. We found that NAO is promiscuous in its binding and has photophysical properties that are largely insensitive to the structure of diverse anionic phospholipids to which it binds. Being unable to rely solely on NAO to characterize the localization of CL in Escherichia coli cells, we instead used quantitative fluorescence microscopy, mass spectrometry, and mutants deficient in specific classes of anionic phospholipids. We found CL and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) concentrated in the polar regions of E. coli cell membranes; depletion of CL by genetic approaches increased the concentration of PG at the poles. Previous studies suggested that some CL-binding proteins also have a high affinity for PG and display a pattern of cellular localization that is not influenced by depletion of CL. Framed within the context of these previous experiments, our results suggest that PG may play an essential role in bacterial physiology by maintaining the anionic character of polar membranes.
Complex filter based spectrum sensor for narrowband detection over a wide sensing bandwidth (2015)

This work introduces a complex filter based wideband spectrum sensor capable of narrowband detection. This work makes use of the band pass nature of the complex filter to achieve two objectives : i) Separation of upper sideband (USB) and lower sideband (LSB) around the local oscillator (LO) signal and ii) Resolution of smaller bands within a large detection bandwidth. The design is implemented in 130 nm mixed-mode CMOS RF process. The simulation results show a sensitivity of close to -50 dBm with image rejection ratio (IRR) close to 30 dB. The overall wideband detection bandwidth is 250 MHz which is partitioned into 40 MHz narrowband chunks with 6 such overlapping chunks.
MEDICAL SCIENCES & RESEARCH (1951)

MEDICAL SCIENCES & RESEARCH Get access The Mode of Action of Anaesthetics T.A.B. Harris. Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone Ltd., 1951. xii + 768pages; 22 figures. 22×14cm. £2.2s. T.C. Gray T.C. Gray Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 8, Issue 2-3, 1951, Pages 277–278, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a074143 Published: 01 January 1951