gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature-Viscosity Relationships for Water-Soluble Cellulose Ethers (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTemperature-Viscosity Relationships for Water-Soluble Cellulose EthersA. B. SavageCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1957, 49, 1, 99–103Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50565a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views478Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (673 KB) Get e-Alerts
Electronics and Magnetism of Patterned Graphene Nanoroads (2009)

Individual ribbons of graphene show orientation-dependent electronic properties of great interest, yet to ensure their perfect geometry and integrity or to assemble free ribbons into a device remains a daunting task. Here we explore, using density functional theory, an alternative possibility of "nanoroads" of pristine graphene being carved in the electrically insulating matrix of fully hydrogenated carbon sheet (graphane). Such one-dimensional entities show individual characteristics and, depending upon zigzag (and their magnetic state) or armchair orientation, can be metallic or semiconducting. Furthermore, the wide enough zigzag roads become magnetic with energetically similar ferro- and antiferromagnetic states. Designing magnetic, metallic, and semiconducting elements within the same mechanically intact sheet of graphene presents a new opportunity for applications.
Design of Peptide-Based Prodrug Chemistry and Its Application to Glucagon-like Peptide I (2007)

Peptide-based drugs are highly effective medicines with relatively short duration of action and of variable therapeutic index. Glucagon-like peptide 1 is a hormone that offers promise in the treatment of Type II diabetes. However, the biggest problem in the therapeutic use of GLP-1 is its extremely short half-life in plasma (~2\nmin). A prodrug of GLP-1 should extend and improve the pharmacodynamics of this\npeptide hormone. We have designed prodrugs that slowly convert to the parent drug at\nphysiological conditions of 37C and pH 7.2 driven by their inherent chemical instability\nwithout the need of any enzymatic cleavage. We observed that amide prodrugs could not\nconvert to the active peptides under physiological conditions. Consequently, we decided to synthesize peptide drugs which had a hydroxy-terminal extension instead of a Nterminal amine. Ester prodrugs were prepared using these hydroxy-peptides as the\nscaffold. We explored the diketopiperazine and diketomorpholine (DKP and DMP) strategy for the chemical flexibility that it offers to develop prodrugs with variable time\nactions. The esters proved to be more labile than the corresponding amides and the\ndynamic range in rate of cleavage ranged from an hour to almost half a week. We found\nthat the rate of cleavage depends on the structure and stereochemistry of the dipeptide pro-moiety and also on the strength of the nucleophile. The careful selection of appropriate functionality that balances chemical, biological and immunological features under physiological conditions has also been reported.
Apolipoprotein E ε4 and Age at Onset of Sporadic and Familial Alzheimer Disease in Caribbean Hispanics (2006)

Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 had a consistent lowering effect on age at onset of FAD, but this was attenuated in SAD. This suggests that among individuals with a family history of AD and the APOE epsilon4 allele, additional genetic or environmental factors may accelerate the onset of dementia.
Factors Influencing the Luminescent Emission States of the Rare Earths (1960)

The number of electronic states from which luminescent emission by rare earth ions can be observed is dependent on the extent to which the host lattice perturbs their f‐orbital electrons. Among others, perturbing influences may stem from the following sources: (a) coulombic affinities of the ions or molecules surrounding the rare earth ions for the electrons they share with the latter; (b) concentration effects, i.e., exchange coupling; (c) thermal effects, i.e., vibronic interactions.
<title>Speckle noise reduction in laser vibrometry: experimental and numerical optimisation</title> (1996)

The range of potential applications of the Laser Doppler Vibrometer is significantly influenced by the behavior of the speckle pattern that is incident on the instrument's photodetector. A speckle pattern is formed when coherent laser light is scattered from an optically rough target. This paper investigates experimentally how photodetector size and position relative to the target can lead to noise floor reduction in the instrument's output. An optimum detector position is specified for the rotating target condition considered. The experimental results are compared with theoretical results in order for the predictive of further noise reduction to be made. For reliable operation and increased reduction it is essential to minimize the speckle noise contribution to the Laser Vibrometer output.
A Selective Neutrophil Dysfunction Syndrome: Impaired Killing of Staphylococci (1968)

In vitro studies of neutrophils from a young man with the clinical manifestations of chronic granulomatous disease of childhood revealed a selective inability to kill opsonized staphylococci. The defect appeared to be nonfamilial, since neutrophils from his parents demonstrated normal bactericidal capacity in vitro. The patient had no detectable immunoglobulin deficiencies; his serum, however, lacked specific antibodies to staphylococcal products (F and S antigens of leukocidin). After immunization with staphylococcal toxoids he showed a rise in serum antileukocidin titers and clinical improvement.
Cellular hypersensitivity to neocarzinostatin in ataxia-telangiectasia skin fibroblasts. (1982)

Cellular sensitivity of human skin fibroblast strains from three healthy donors, eight ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) patients belonging to six sibships, and two A-T heterozygotes to the lethal action of the antitumor antibiotic neocarzinostatin was tested, using colony-forming ability as the criterion for survival. All the A-T strains were significantly more sensitive to killing by neocarzinostatin than were the control strains. The average D0 for the A-T strains following neocarzinostatin treatment was 14.6 ng/ml, as compared to 37.9 ng/ml for the normal strains. The two A-T heterozygous strains showed intermediate sensitivity with an average D0 of 26.9 ng/ml. Neocarzinostatin sensitivity of A-T cells could therefore serve as a convenient aid for the laboratory diagnosis of A-T. Since A-T cells are also known to be hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and bleomycin, it would appear that they are primarily hypersensitive to DNA-breaking agents.
Role of Toll-like receptors in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and immunity (2014)

The gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects the stomachs of approximately half of the world's population. Although infection induces an immune response that contributes to chronic gastric inflammation, the response is not sufficient to eliminate the bacterium. H. pylori infection causes peptic ulcers, gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Disease outcome is linked to the severity of the host inflammatory response. Gastric epithelial cells represent the first line of innate immune defence against H. pylori, and respond to infection by initiating numerous cell signalling cascades, resulting in cytokine induction and the subsequent recruitment of inflammatory cells to the gastric mucosa. Pathogen recognition receptors of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family mediate many of these cell signalling events. This review discusses recent findings on the role of various TLRs in the recognition of H. pylori in distinct cell types, describes the TLRs responsible for the recognition of individual H. pylori components and outlines the influence of innate immune activation on the subsequent development of the adaptive immune response. The mechanistic identification of host mediators of H. pylori-induced pathogenesis has the potential to reveal drug targets and opportunities for therapeutic intervention or prevention of H. pylori-associated disease by means of vaccines or immunomodulatory therapy.
Indoor Geolocation Using FCDMA Pseudolites: Signal Structure and Performance Analysis (2007)

ABSTRACT: The signal structure performance of a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) code division multiple access (CDMA) frequency division multiple access (FDMA) pseudolite indoor communication and localization (geolocation) system is presented and discussed in this paper. The signal structure of a DSSS-FCDMA (or C-CDMA) pseudolite indoor geolocation system appears to elegantly solve the near-far problem when subject to a slowly varying frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel with additive white Gaussian noise and Doppler shift, which is the main obstacle of a DSSS-CDMA pseudolite indoor geolocation system at roughly equal transmitter and post radio frequency (RF) receiver complexity. Based on our theoretical analysis and simulation results, it appears that FCDMA (or C-CDMA) signal structure may be a suitable candidate for indoor geolocation to achieve 3D centimeter level position accuracy and 3D centimeter-per-second level velocity accuracy 99.9% of the time.
Protein delivery with cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s (2015)

The combination of cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s with biotin-streptavidin biotechnology provides a simple, general, non-toxic method that avoids significant endosomal capture and delivers proteins directly, even to the nucleoli.
Microbial conversion of compactin (ML-236B) to ML-236A. (1986)

Approximately 1,600 fungal strains were tested for ability to convert compactin (ML-236B) to ML-236A and Emericella unguis IFO 8087 was found to be the most active. E. unguis converted ML-236B to ML-236A with a yield of over 90%.
Correa, Indigenous Movements, and the Writing of a New Constitution in Ecuador (2010)

In 2008, voters in Ecuador approved a new and progressive constitution. Indigenous leaders questioned whether the new document would benefit social movements or strengthen the hand of President Rafael Correa, who appeared to be occupying political spaces that they had previously held. Correa’s relations with indigenous movements point to the complications, limitations, and deep tensions inherent in pursuing revolutionary changes within a constitutional framework. Although the indigenous movements, as well as most social movements, shared Correa’s stated desire to curtail neoliberal policies and implement social and economic strategies that would benefit the majority of the country’s people, they increasingly clashed over how to realize those objectives. The political outcome of the new constitution depended not on the actions of the constituent assembly but on whether organized civil society could force the government to implement the ideals that the assembly had drafted.
Termite Trail-Following Substance, Isolation and Purification from Reticttlitermes virginicus and Fungus-Infected Wood12 (1969)

Journal Article Termite Trail-Following Substance, Isolation and Purification from Reticttlitermes virginicus and Fungus-Infected Wood Get access F. Matsumura, F. Matsumura Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Akira Tai, Akira Tai Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. C. Coppel H. C. Coppel Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 62, Issue 3, 1 June 1969, Pages 599–603, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/62.3.599 Published: 01 June 1969 Article history Accepted: 23 December 1968 Published: 01 June 1969
Characterization of two glycosylated boar spermadhesins (1993)

Boar spermadhesins AQN-1, AQN-3 and AWN form a recently described protein family, synthesized by the sexual accessory glands, and become associated with the sperm head upon ejaculation. They contain 109-133 amino acid residues, two conserved disulphide bridges, are not glycosylated, and have 40-60% primary structure identity. These boar polypeptides are multifunctional proteins, which possess heparin-, serine-protease-inhibitor- and/or zona-pellucida-glycoprotein-binding capability and have, therefore, been implicated in sperm capacitation and sperm-oocyte attachment. AQN-2 (18-20 kDa), however, is unique among boar spermadhesins in that it is the only member of the family which is known to be glycosylated and which possesses weak zona-pellucida-binding but not seminal-plasma-inhibitor-binding ability. In this study we report the structural and functional characterization of the two glycoproteins contained in the AQN-2 fraction. One component is identical with PSP-I, a major porcine seminal plasma protein whose function has not yet been identified, while the second protein is a glycosylated isoform of AQN-3. Here we show that the inability of the glycosylated boar spermadhesins to bind seminal-plasma protease inhibitors as well as the weak binding of glycosylated AQN-3 to zona pellucida glycoproteins is due to the presence of the oligosacharide chain on a conserved asparagine residue. This indicates that modification of a spermadhesin polypeptide framework may serve to modulate its ligand-binding capabilities.
Polymorphism in exon M7 of the PTHR gene (1994)

Journal Article Polymorphism in exon M7 of the PTHR gene Get access E. Schipani, E. Schipani Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F.G. Hustmyer, F.G. Hustmyer 1Department of Medicine, Indiana Universityindianapolis, IN 46202, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Bergwitz, C. Bergwitz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Jūppner H. Jūppner * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 1994, Page 1210, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/3.7.1210-a Published: 01 July 1994
Aicardi-Goutieres Syndrome A Case Report (2014)

A 4 month old male baby, who had episodes of generalized convulsion for 11/2 months and microcephaly, was referred to Radiology & Imaging dept. of BIRDEM for CT scan of brain. CT scan of brain showed extensive calcifications in both cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres The probable diagnosis was TORCH infection with mild generalized cerebral atrophy. TORCH screening was done and found negative. Patients RBS, SGPT, S.Calcium, Parathyroid hormone, TSH , thyroxine were within normal limits. MRI of brain showed extensive T1W hypointense and T2W hyperintense areas in peri- ventricular locations represent leukodystrophy and mild cortical atrophy of brain. CSF examination revealed WBC count 10 cells /mm3 and all the cells were lymphocytes. Aicardi Goutieres Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease in which there is extensive paraventricular cerebral and cerebellar calcifications with leukodystrophy and CSF lymphocytosis. Considering history, biochemical and imaging findings the final diagnosis was Aicardi Goutieres Syndrome . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v4i1.18553 Birdem Med J 2014; 4(1): 43-46
Twenty-Four-Hour Plasma Growth Hormone (GH) Profiles, Urinary GH Excretion, and Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and -II Levels in Prepubertal Children with Chronic Renal Insufficiency and Severe Growth Retardation* (1990)

We studied 24-h plasma GH profiles, maximal GH responses to arginine provocation and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-II levels in plasma in 22 euthyroid prepubertal children (mean age, 9.5 yr) with chronic renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate, less than 20 mL/min.1.73 m2) and severe growth retardation [mean (+/- SD) height SD score (SDS), -2.8 (1.1)]. The 24-h GH profiles were analyzed using the Pulsar program. Girls had significantly higher 24-h GH secretion than boys (P less than 0.004). Children with end-stage nephrotic syndrome had higher baseline GH levels and total area under the curve (AUCo) than patients with dysplastic kidneys (P less than 0.05), while the area under the curve above baseline (AUCb) was similar in all types of renal diseases. The type of treatment (conservative, peritoneal, hemodialysis) did not significantly influence the 24-h GH secretion. No correlation was found between 24-h GH profiles and age, height SDS for chronological age, height velocity SDS for bone age, and weight for height. Fourteen children showed a normal 24-h GH profile, defined as a GH profile with well defined, regular GH peaks returning to baseline GH levels and a distinct day and night pattern (AUCb, 90-300 micrograms/L.24 h). Four children had low profiles, with GH peaks below 10 micrograms/L, returning to baseline GH levels and occurring almost exclusively during the night (AUCb, less than 90 micrograms/L.24 h). The remaining four children had elevated 24-h GH profiles, with GH peaks on top of elevated baseline GH levels of more than 3 micrograms/L (AUCb, 35-205 micrograms/L.24 h; AUCo greater than 300 micrograms/L.24 h). In all patients 24-h urinary GH and beta 2-globulin excretion was 100-1000 times higher than that in controls. The urinary GH excretion correlated significantly with all characteristics of the 24-h GH profiles (r = 0.57-0.59; P less than 0.05). The maximal GH response during the arginine tolerance test was normal in 66% of the children. The mean (+/- SD) SDS for bone age for the IGF-I plasma levels was +1.1 (1.9), and that for IGF-II was +3.6 (3.4). IGF-I levels correlated significantly with the AUCb, maximum GH, and GH peak characteristics of the 24-h GH profiles (r = 0.05-0.73; P less than 0.02-0.001). IGF-II levels did not show any correlation with the characteristics of the endogenous GH secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Open LED Illuminator: A Simple and Inexpensive LED Illuminator for Fast Multicolor Particle Tracking in Neurons (2015)

Dual-color live cell fluorescence microscopy of fast intracellular trafficking processes, such as axonal transport, requires rapid switching of illumination channels. Typical broad-spectrum sources necessitate the use of mechanical filter switching, which introduces delays between acquisition of different fluorescence channels, impeding the interpretation and quantification of highly dynamic processes. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), however, allow modulation of excitation light in microseconds. Here we provide a step-by-step protocol to enable any scientist to build a research-grade LED illuminator for live cell microscopy, even without prior experience with electronics or optics. We quantify and compare components, discuss our design considerations, and demonstrate the performance of our LED illuminator by imaging axonal transport of herpes virus particles with high temporal resolution.
Incorporating the Fresnel Zone Theory in Ray Tracing for Propagation Modelling of Fixed Wireless Access Channels (2007)

A propagation model which combines the Fresnel zone theory and the ray tracing techniques is presented in this paper. The aim of this novel approach is a more accurate representation of the fixed wireless access channel. Deterministic models do not consider power loss when the radio waves propagate close to roof tops. However, according to the theory of the Fresnel zones, even when there is line-of-sight (LOS), the loss can be as much as 6 dB due to a single obstacle just below the LOS. In the model presented here, the path of each ray is found by a three-dimensional (3D) ray tracing algorithm and the electromagnetic field of each ray is calculated according to geometric optics (GO) and the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD). The first Fresnel zone of each ray is also found and examined and the losses due to its partial blockage are taken into account. Simulation results show significant differences in the power predictions when the blockage of the Fresnel zones is considered.
Erratum: High-Gain Thompson-Scattering X-Ray Free-Electron Laser by Time-Synchronic Laterally Tilted Optical Wave [Phys. Rev. Lett.<b>110</b>, 064802 (2013)] (2013)

Based on unsuccessful searches of related topics on the Web, in the library, and by contacting colleagues, the authors overlooked to acknowledge in the Letter the related preceding pioneering work from Dr. Debus and his coauthors as in Refs. [1,2
CS616 Calibration: Field versus Laboratory (2009)

Recently developed permittivity probes operate at lower frequencies (MHz range). Soils with large amounts of high‐charge clays (superactive) often have higher measured permittivity values for a given water content than do factory calibrations of the newer probes. The purpose of this study was to determine site‐specific field and laboratory calibrations of CS616's (water content reflectometers) for soils with “superactive” mineralogy. Field calibration of CS616 (readings converted to square root of apparent permittivity or ε a 1/2 ) was determined as a function of neutron‐probe water content data, θ. Laboratory calibrations used undisturbed columns taken from the same depths where the CS616 probes had been in the field. Another laboratory study compared data for two packed columns, one with wet and dry soil zones and the other with homogeneous water content. The laboratory calibration was linear with ε a 1/2 The field calibration was nonlinear, and the ε a 1/2 values were even higher than the laboratory values, emphasized more in the intermediate θ range. The column with wet and dry soil had higher ε a 1/2 than the homogeneous column, probably due to the electromagnetic field (EMF) preferentially responding to the wet zones. Heterogeneous field soil water content could have contributed to the higher ε a 1/2 than for laboratory calibration, and the nonlinear ε a 1/2 (θ) relation for field data.
High Yield Preparation Method of Thermally Stable Cellulose Nanofibers (2014)

The preparation of nanocellulose fibers (NFs) is achieved through pretreating cellulose in a NaOH/urea/thiourea solution, and then defibrillating the fibers through ultrasonication, resulting in a high yield of 85.4%. Extensive work has been done to optimize the preparation parameters. The obtained NFs are about 30 nm in diameter with cellulose II crystal structure. They possess high thermal stability with an onset of thermal degradation at 270 °C and a maximum degradation temperature of 370 °C. Such NFs have potential applications in transistors and batteries with high thermal stability. NFs-H were obtained by homogenizing undefibrillated fibers separated from the preparation of NFs. NFs-H were also in cellulose II crystal form but with lower thermal stability due to low crystallinity. They can be applied to make highly transparent paper.