gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Using Prose-Model Approach in Improving ESL Learners’ Writing Skill in Development and Arrangement Their Ideas (2019)

This research investigates the effectiveness of the prose-model approach in improving ESL students’ writing performance in development and arranging their ideas in writing. A total of twenty-eight students in Form Two are randomly selected as subjects for collecting the data. Experimental design is used in this study to suit the need of the research done. For the first step, the pre-writing test is used to identify the primary writing skill. Then, after the ‘treatment’ is given, the post-writing test is used to show the effectiveness of using the prose-model approach to improve the students’ writing skills. The experiment of the prose-model approach assessment will then be conducted (with the help of the English teacher) within allocation time. Their pre-writing test and the post-writing test were observed and marked. This process was done for at least three months. The students’ achievement (in grade) was analysed and presented in reports, figures, and percentages. The data collected was based on using the prose-model approach, before and after by comparing the grades they get from the pre-writing test and post-writing test. For teachers, it is crucial to find a way to improve students’ writing performance. Writing is a complex and creative process. What they present in their writing gives us a picture of their level of growth in thinking. Therefore, a new technique is needed to help students to write better in the English language.
Localization of the fertilized germinal disc in the chicken egg before incubation (2002)

At the time of oviposition, the embryo in the fertilized chicken egg has developed the germinal disc on top of the yolk and contains thousands of blastodermal cells. The germinal disc escapes exact localization because it is surrounded by albumen and shell membranes under a calcified shell. This study investigated whether or not ultrasonography or nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are suited to localize the germinal disc and, if so, to estimate the accuracy of localization. Hatchability of treated eggs was also recorded. The ultrasound waves were reflected by the shell. The germinal disc could be seen only after removal of the eggshell and the outer shell membrane. In all, 39 intact eggs, MRI localized the germinal disc within 2 mm thick image slices. The mean position of the germinal disc deviated 3.0+/-2.1 mm from the maximum vertical plane of the egg with a mean distance to the inner surface of the shell of 2.7+/-1.1 mm. Incubation resulted in 84.2 and 77.5% hatched chicks for imaged eggs and controls, respectively. The localization results of MRI were verified manually in 38 open shell cultures. Correlation coefficients for the position of the germinal disc were r = 0.86 to 0.99 for the x-axis, r = 0.75 to 0.89 for the y-axis, and r = 0.63 to 0.76 for the z-axis. The study thus shows that MRI is a reliable tool to localize the germinal disc within the intact freshly laid egg.
Five-port silicon optical router based on Mach—Zehnder optical switches for photonic networks-on-chip (2016)

With the continuous development of integrated circuits, the performance of the processor has been improved steadily. To integrate more cores in one processor is an effective way to improve the performance of the processor, while it is impossible to further improve the property of the processor by only increasing the clock frequency. For a processor with integrated multiple cores, its performance is determined not only by the number of cores, but also by communication efficiency between them. With more processor cores integrated on a chip, larger bandwidths are required to establish the communication among them. The traditional electrical interconnect has gradually become a bottleneck for improving the performance of multiple-core processors due to its limited bandwidth, high power consumption, and long latency. The optical interconnect is considered as a potential way to solve this issue. The optical router is the key device for realizing the optical interconnect. Its basic function is to achieve the data routing and switching between the local node and the multi-node. In this paper we present a five-port optical router for Mesh photonics network-on-chip. A five-port optical router composed of eight thermally tuned silicon Mach—Zehnder optical switches is demonstrated. The experimental spectral responses indicate that the optical signal-to-noise ratios of the optical router are over 13 dB in the wavelength range of 1525–1565 nm for all of its 20 optical links. Each optical link can manipulate 50 wavelength channels with the channel spacing of 100 GHz and the data rate of 32 Gbps for each wavelength channel in the same wavelength range. The lowest energy efficiency of the optical router is 43.4 fJ/bit.
Hydrophilic Prodrug Approach for Reduced Pigment Binding and Enhanced Transscleral Retinal Delivery of Celecoxib (2012)

Transscleral retinal delivery of celecoxib, an anti-inflammatory and anti-VEGF agent, is restricted by its poor solubility and binding to the melanin pigment in choroid-RPE. The purpose of this study was to develop soluble prodrugs of celecoxib with reduced pigment binding and enhanced retinal delivery. Three hydrophilic amide prodrugs of celecoxib, celecoxib succinamidic acid (CSA), celecoxib maleamidic acid (CMA), and celecoxib acetamide (CAA) were synthesized and characterized for solubility and lipophilicity. In vitro melanin binding to natural melanin (Sepia officinalis) was estimated for all three prodrugs. In vitro transport studies across isolated bovine sclera and sclera-choroid-RPE (SCRPE) were performed. Prodrug with the highest permeability across SCRPE was characterized for metabolism and cytotoxicity and its in vivo transscleral delivery in pigmented rats. Aqueous solubilities of CSA, CMA, and CAA were 300-, 182-, and 76-fold higher, respectively, than celecoxib. Melanin binding affinity and capacity were significantly lower than for celecoxib for all three prodrugs. Rank order for the % in vitro transport across bovine sclera and SCRPE was CSA > CMA ~ CAA ~ celecoxib, with the transport being 8-fold higher for CSA than celecoxib. CSA was further assessed for its metabolic stability and in vivo delivery. CSA showed optimum metabolic stability in all eye tissues with only 10-20% conversion to parent celecoxib in 30 min. Metabolic enzymes responsible for bioconversion included amidases, esterase, and cytochrome P-450. In vivo delivery in pigmented BN rats showed that CSA had 4.7-, 1.4-, 3.3-, 6.0-, and 4.5-fold higher delivery to sclera, choroid-RPE, retina, vitreous, and lens than celecoxib. CSA has no cytotoxicity in ARPE-19 cells in the concentration range of 0.1 to 1000 μM. Celecoxib succinamidic acid, a soluble prodrug of celecoxib with reduced melanin binding, enhances transscleral retinal delivery of celecoxib.
Research on Database Watermarking Algorithm Based on Genetic Algorithm (2014)

With the rapid development of network information technology, much attention has been paid to the database content security problems,such as how to prevent data theft, illegal copying, certification of copyright, etc. In order to protect the database copyright, digital watermarking technology is becoming a new research hotspot. In this paper, first of all, on the basis of summary current development of data and database watermarking technology, and then introduces genetic algorithm in data watermark technology, finally validates the effectiveness of the model with an example.
Light Emitting Diodes as an alternative ambient illumination source in photolithography environment (2009)

We explored an alternative light emitting diode (LED) - based solution to replace the existing yellow fluorescent light tubes (YFT) used in photolithography rooms. A no-blue LED lamp was designed and a prototype was fabricated. For both solutions, the spectral power distribution (SPD) was measured, the colorimetric values were calculated, and a visual comparison using Gretagmacbeth colorcharts was performed. The visual comparison showed that the LED bulb was better to render colors despite a low color rendering index (CRI). Furthermore, the LED bulb was tested in a photolithography room and there was no exposure to the photoresist even after 168 hours illumination.
Amyloid Ion Channels: A Porous Argument or a Thin Excuse? (2006)

Over the past decade, a number of groups have reported that oligomeric intermediates populated during the conversion of proteins from a monomeric disaggregated state into amyloid fibrils can permeabilize lipid bilayers and cell membranes. Some of these studies have presented electrical current
Localization in wireless sensor networks using a mobile anchor node (2008)

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), sensor location plays a critical role in many applications. Having a GPS receiver on every sensor node is costly. In the past, several approaches, including range-based and range-free, have been proposed to calculate positions for randomly deployed sensor nodes. Most of them use some special nodes, called anchor nodes, which are assumed to know their own locations. Other sensors compute their locations based on the information provided by these anchor nodes. This paper describes MACL, a mobile anchor centroid localization method, which uses a single mobile anchor node to move in the sensing field and broadcast its current position periodically. The proposed method is radio-frequency based, so no extra hardware or data communication is needed between the sensor nodes. We use simulations and tests from an indoor deployment using the Cricket location system to investigate the localization accuracy of MACL, and find that the localization method is principle simple, less computing and communication overhead, low costly, and flexible accuracy.
Chiral probe for A-form helixes of DNA and RNA: tris(tetramethylphenanthroline)ruthenium(II) (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral probe for A-form helixes of DNA and RNA: tris(tetramethylphenanthroline)ruthenium(II)Houng Yau. Mei and Jacqueline K. BartonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 23, 7414–7416Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00283a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00283a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views485Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MIMO OFDM Frequency Offset Estimator with Low Computational Complexity (2007)

This paper addresses a low complexity frequency offset estimator for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems over frequency selective fading channels. By exploiting the good correlation property of the training sequences, which are constructed from the Chu sequence, carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation is obtained with great complexity reduction through factor decomposition for the derivative of the cost function. The CFO estimate's variance and Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) are developed to optimize the parameter of the simplified estimator and also to evaluate the estimation performance. Simulation results verify the good performance of the training-assisted CFO estimator.
Syntheses and Pharmacological Activities of 2-Heterocyclic Substituted 4(3H)-Quinazolinone Derivatives (1972)

The preparation of series of 2-pyridyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones is described. Some of them showed a hypnotic action in mice when given orally. Studies on the structure-activity relationship demonstrated that 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, and 4-pyridyl substitution at 2 position of quinazolinone ring, and o-, m-, and p-substitution of the aromatic ring at 3 position are suitable for manifestation of hypnotic activity. The order of potency of activities produced by the difference in the position of substitution of substituents at 2 and 3 position decreased in the order of 4-pyridyl, o-tolyl>3-pyridyl, o-tolyl>2-pyridyl, o-tolyl. The anthranilates of these 4(3H)-quinazolinones were inactive. A maximum hypnotic effect accompanied with other potent pharmacological properties was observed in 2-(4-pyridyl)-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (14), the potency of which was equal to or stronger than Methaqualone in mice.
Renal Oncocytoma in Taiwan (2006)

The experience in Taiwan is generally that renal oncocytoma behaves benignly, as reported in other areas. The excellent prognosis associated with this tumor appears to indicate that partial nephrectomy may suffice for removing the tumor, while sparing other unaffected renal parenchyma.
Tandem mass spectrometric approach for determining structure of molecular species of aminophospholipids (1997)

Aminophospholipids, including glycerophosphatidylethanolamine, glycerophosphatidylserine and their Lyso analogous, have been analyzed by positive and negative ion liquid secondary ion ionization coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The mass spectra of aminophospholipids obtained by tandem mass spectrometers with different configuration (liquid secondary ion-electric-magnetic sector coupled to quadrupole mass analyzer (low-energy collision) or electric-magnetic sector (high-energy collision), as well as electrospray ionization-quadrupole mass analyzer combined with quadrupole mass analyzer (low-energy collision), are compared. The mass spectra produced by low-energy collisionally induced dissociation of the deprotonated molecules from aminophospholipids contain fragment ions for characterizing polar head moieties as well as fatty acid composition and position. The mass spectra generated by high-energy collisionally induced dissociation of both protonated and deprotonated molecules from aminophospholipids show numerous product ions for identifying polar heads, composition, and location of fatty acid chains in molecular species. Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization exhibits remarkable superiority in detection sensitivity. Liquid secondary ion with electric-magnetic sector coupled to quadrupole mass analyzer or electric-magnetic sector instrument has the advantage of the capability of properly determining location of fatty acid chains in molecular species. This paper also describes an approach for structurally analyzing aminophospholipid species as 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl derivatives by positive and negative ion liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and high-energy collisionally induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. It has been found that the derivatives of glycerophosphatidylethanolamine and glycerophosphatidylserine can readily be analyzed by the negative ion liquid secondary ion and tandem mass spectrometric methods.
Effect of heavy metals on fish--a review. (1985)

Heavy metals are being utilized in a variety of ways in industries, agriculture, food processing and household in many forms. Metals are unique environmental and industrial pollutants in the sense that they are neither created nor destroyed by human beings but are only transported and transformed into various products. The present communication deals with the findings of various investigators on the effect of heavy metals on fresh water fish.
Single cell oils of the cold-adapted oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glacialis DBVPG 4785 (2010)

This study is the first proposed biotechnological application for Rhodotorula glacialis species, whose oleaginous biomass accumulates high amounts of lipids within a wide range of temperatures through appropriate cultivation C:N ratio. Although R. glacialis DBVPG 4785 is a cold adapted yeast, lipid production occurs over a broad range of temperatures and it can be considered an interesting microorganism for the production of single cell oils.
Dietary micronutrients are associated with higher cognitive function gains among primary school children in rural Kenya (2008)

With the exception of iodine and Fe, there is still very limited information on the effect of micronutrients on cognitive function, especially among school-age children. The present analysis evaluates the relationship between dietary Fe, Zn and B vitamins (B12, B6, folate and riboflavin) and gains in cognitive test scores among school children in rural Kenya. Data for the present study were obtained from The Child Nutrition Kenya Project, a 2-year longitudinal, randomised controlled feeding intervention study using animal source foods. Dietary nutrient values were based on monthly and bimonthly 24 h recall data collected during the study period. In longitudinal regression analyses, available Fe, available Zn, vitamin B12 and riboflavin showed significant relationships with improved cognitive test scores, after controlling for confounders such as energy intake, school, socio-economic status and morbidity. Available Fe intake was associated with significantly higher gains in Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices test scores over time. Available Zn intake was associated with significantly higher gains in digit span-total test scores over time, while vitamin B12 and riboflavin intakes were each associated with significantly higher gains in digit span-forward test scores over time. This analysis demonstrates the influence of improved dietary micronutrient status on school children's cognitive function.
The Influence of Display Characteristics on Visual Exploratory Search Behavior (1998)

Visual information search is a combination of two distinct types of behavior. Goal-directed search behavior occurs when consumers use stored search routines to collect information in a deliberate manner. In contrast, exploratory search behavior occurs when consumers are confronted with multiple pieces of information but have little stored knowledge about how to proceed with the information gathering. This article reports on an investigation into exploratory search behavior and attempts to establish a connection between the layout of objects in a display and the amount of attention devoted to each of these objects. The research has implications for catalog page layout and visual merchandising. Copyright 1998 by the University of Chicago.
Pharmacologic evaluation of factor XIIIa*-like enzyme activity in equine plasma as a potential therapeutic avenue for the inhibition of fibrinous tissue. (1992)

Several pharmaceutical compounds were evaluated for their ability to selectively inhibit activated coagulation factor-XIII-like enzyme activity (eg, XIIIa*) in pooled equine plasma. Presence of coagulation factor-XIIIa*-like enzyme activity in plasma was established by assay procedures involving incorporation of the fluorescent amine compound, monodansylcadaverine, into purified casein, which served as a protein substrate. Pharmaceuticals inhibitory to coagulation factor-XIIIa*-like enzyme activity were recognized by plasma gel formation of high spectrophotometric transmittance (transparency), solubility of transparent fibrin gels in concentrated urea solution, in conjunction with simultaneous depletion of native fibrinogen fractions, and production of fibrin monomer. Compounds acting primarily as anticoagulants were recognized by lack of plasma gel formation, but retaining high spectrophotometric transmittance and no detectable depletion of native fibrinogen fractions. Compounds failing to inhibit either thrombin-mediated fibrinogen-fibrin transformation (ie, coagulation) or coagulation factor-XIIIa*-like enzyme activity were recognized by opaque plasma gels caused by fibrin polymerization, low spectrophotometric transmittance values, and coinciding with depletion of native fibrinogen fractions. Pharmaceuticals capable of exerting selective inhibition of coagulation factor-XIIIa*-like enzyme activity were further classified as competitive inhibitors of phase 1 (carbamide) or phase 2 (terminal amine) of the transglutamination process.
A Pulsed NMR Study on the Flow of Fluid (1979)

Pulsed NMR experiments of Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill type have been performed on water flowing through a circular pipe. Spin echo signals were detected rf phase-sensitively in a highly stabilized electromagnet with a linear field gradient. The flow patterns studied were Poiseuille flows and turbulent flows. From measurements of the first spin echo signal amplitudes, information on velocity profile for various flow patterns were obtained, while from those of the second echo information on the velocity fluctuations were obtained. In turbulent states, measurements were performed both on the velocity component parallel to the axis of the pipe and on that perpendicular to it. The obtained data on turbulent flows seem to be explained satisfactorily by a modified stochastic theory of spin echo amplitudes.
Genetic and physical map of the von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF1) region on chromosome 17. (1990)

The von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) locus has been previously assigned to the proximal long arm of chromosome 17, and two NF1 patients have been identified who have constitutional balanced translocations involving 17q11.2. We have constructed a cosmid library from a chromosome-mediated gene transfectant, KLT8, that contains approximately 10% of chromosome 17, including 17q11.2. Cosmids isolated from this library have been mapped across a panel of somatic cell hybrids, including the hybrids from the two patients, and have been localized to seven small regions of proximal 17q. We have 5 cosmids that map directly above the two NF1 translocations, and 11 cosmids that map directly below. Of these, 2 cosmids in each region are linked to the disease locus and 3 of these cosmids show no recombination. One distal cosmid, 2B/B35, detects the two NF1 translocations by pulsed-field gel analysis and has been used to produce a long-range restriction map that covers the translocations.
Factors in the <i>In Vitro</i> Maintenance of the Nucleotide Pattern of Whole Human Blood (1961)

The effects of various glycolytic inhibitors on the relatively stable nucleotide pattern of freshly drawn heparinized human blood, incubated for two hours at 37 C. was observed. Fluoride, iodoacetate, arsenate, or 2‐deoxyglucose caused a similar high‐energy nucleotide breakdown as observed on hemolysis, viz., rapid disappearance of ATP, GTP, ADP, with simultaneous increase in AMP and IMP. The maintenance of a normal blood nucleotide pattern in vitro thus depended on cellular integrity and a source of energy. The addition of compounds believed to enhance or inhibit the pentose shunt pathway had no effect on the blood nucleotide pattern. This is interpreted to mean that under essentially in vivo conditions, the major source of energy for the red cell is derived from the Embden‐Meyerhof cycle.
Isolation and 13C NMR study of cyclopyazonic acid,a toxic alkaloid produced by muscardine fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. oryzae. (1981)

A toxin to the silkworm produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. oryzae was identified as cyclopyazonic acid. Detailed analysis of 13C NMR data of this compound is described.