gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Techniques to improve the direct ex vivo detection of low frequency antigen‐specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells with peptide‐major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers (2008)

The ability to quantify and characterize antigen-specific CD8+ T cells irrespective of functional readouts using fluorochrome-conjugated peptide-major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHCI) tetramers in conjunction with flow cytometry has transformed our understanding of cellular immune responses over the past decade. In the case of prevalent CD8+ T cell populations that engage cognate pMHCI tetramers with high avidities, direct ex vivo identification and subsequent data interpretation is relatively straightforward. However, the accurate identification of low frequency antigen-specific CD8+ T cell populations can be complicated, especially in situations where T cell receptor-mediated tetramer binding occurs at low avidities. Here, we highlight a few simple techniques that can be employed to improve the visual resolution, and hence the accurate quantification, of tetramer binding CD8+ T cell populations by flow cytometry. These methodological modifications enhance signal intensity, especially in the case of specific CD8+ T cell populations that bind cognate antigen with low avidities, minimize background noise, and enable improved discrimination of true pMHCI tetramer binding events from nonspecific uptake.
Intelligent laser welding control (1991)

The development and testing of a laser weld penetration monitoring/control system is described. The system uses an artificial neural network to analyze the air borne acoustic emission from the weld and thus determine weld penetration. This penetration prediction is displayed in real time on a computer screen for operator monitoring and is also used to implement a penetration control. The penetration control uses a fuzzy logic algorithm to calculate welding travel speed changes necessary to maintain penetration at a desired level. The reliability of the system in predicting lap weld penetration was tested and was found to be on the order of 90-95%. Some preliminary results from penetration control tests are shown. They demonstrate that the system remains stable while controlling the weld penetration, but that further work is needed to increase the control accuracy.
Bench-Stable, Substrate-Activated Cobalt Carboxylate Pre-Catalysts for Alkene Hydrosilylation with Tertiary Silanes (2016)

High-spin pyridine diimine cobalt(II) bis(carboxylate) complexes have been synthesized and exhibit high activity for the hydrosilylation of a range of commercially relevant alkenes and tertiary silanes. Previously observed dehydrogenative silylation is suppressed with the use of sterically unencumbered ligands, affording exclusive hydrosilylation with up to 4000 TON. The cobalt precatalysts were readily prepared and handled on the benchtop and underwent substrate activation, obviating the need for external reductants. The cobalt catalysts are tolerant of epoxide, amino, carbonyl, and alkyl halide functional groups, broadening the scope of alkene hydrosilylation with earth-abundant metal catalysts.
Comparison of 9 intraocular lens power calculation formulas (2016)

Neither author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Probabilistic approach to predicting far field horizontal movements during mining (2007)

The effects of horizontal movements at significant distances away from mined longwalls has been observed and reported on in many instances. These far field or remote horizontal movements can be at distances well beyond what is typically considered to be the limit of vertical subsidence. While absolute far field horizontal movements can be substantial, differential far field horizontal movements are generally very small and do not adversely affect most surface features. However, they can and have previously affected some sensitive structures. This paper aims to quantify the total and differential far field horizontal movements and present a probabilistic approach to predicting far field horizontal absolute and differential movements, which can be used as input for qualitative or quantitative risk assessments.
Ultrasonic Assessment of Cervix in Normal Pregnancy (1986)

We studied 30 normal pregnant women from the first trimester to 36 weeks. This group of women had had no previous miscarriage, termination of pregnancy, operations on the cervix, or premature labor. Fifteen were primigravidae and the remainder were multigravidae. There was no significant difference in the length of the cervix from 10 to 36 weeks of gestation (p greater than 0.05). The mean width of the cervix gradually increased from 10 to 36 weeks of gestation (p less than 0.01). The mean width of the cervical canal showed no significant change from 10 to 36 weeks of gestation (p greater than 0.05).
Drug resistance mutations can affect dimer stability of HIV‐1 protease at neutral pH (1999)

The monomer-dimer equilibrium for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease has been investigated under physiological conditions. Dimer dissociation at pH 7.0 was correlated with a loss in beta-sheet structure and a lower degree of ANS binding. An autolysis-resistant mutant, Q7K/L33I/L63I, was used to facilitate sedimentation equilibrium studies at neutral pH where the wild-type enzyme is typically unstable in the absence of bound inhibitor. The dimer dissociation constant (KD) of the triple mutant was 5.8 microM at pH 7.0 and was below the limit of measurement (approximately 100 nM) at pH 4.5. Similar studies using the catalytically inactive D25N mutant yielded a KD value of 1.0 microM at pH 7.0. These values differ significantly from a previously reported value of 23 nM obtained indirectly from inhibitor binding measurements (Darke et al., 1994). We show that the discrepancy may result from the thermodynamic linkage between the monomer-dimer and inhibitor binding equilibria. Under conditions where a significant degree of monomer is present, both substrates and competitive inhibitors will shift the equilibrium toward the dimer, resulting in apparent increases in dimer stability and decreases in ligand binding affinity. Sedimentation equilibrium studies were also carried out on several drug-resistant HIV-1 protease mutants: V82F, V82F/I84V, V82T/I84V, and L90M. All four mutants exhibited reduced dimer stability relative to the autolysis-resistant mutant at pH 7.0. Our results indicate that reductions in drug affinity may be due to the combined effects of mutations on both dimer stability and inhibitor binding.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt protein kinase mediate IGF-I- and prosaptide-induced survival in schwann cells (1999)

Withdrawal of trophic factors necessary for Schwann cell survival regulates Schwann cell number during development and after nerve injury. In the present study, we identified signaling pathways involved in Schwann cell survival by prosaposin, prosaptides (peptides incorporating the neurotrophic sequence of prosaposin), and insulinlike growth factor-I (IGF-I). When postnatal Schwann cells were placed in low serum medium, cells underwent abrupt shrinkage, condensation of nuclei occurred, and smooth rounded apoptotic bodies appeared. Dose-response studies of cell death, measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, demonstrated that both prosaptide TX14(A) and IGF-I dose dependently reduced cell death in primary Schwann cells. Histone-associated DNA fragmentation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, showed a 10- and 14-fold increase in apoptosis after 4 and 24 hr in low serum medium, respectively, that was reduced by prosaposin, TX14(A), or IGF-I. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, wortmannin or LY294002, blocked the survival effects of both TX14(A) and IGF-I. In contrast, only TX14(A) anti-apoptotic activity was blocked by the MEK inhbitor, PD98059, although TX14(A) and IGF-I are potent activators of extracellular regulated kinases in Schwann cells. Phosphorylation of the PI3K signaling target, Akt, was measured; TX14(A) and IGF-I increased Akt activity by 12-fold and 22-fold, respectively, that was inhibited by LY294002. These findings indicate that prosaposin and IGF-I use the PI3K/Akt pathway to induce survival of Schwann cells.
Arrayed‐Waveguide Gratings (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Arrays of Isotropic Radiators Two Examples 1 × 2 Arrayed-Waveguide Grating Multiplexers and Demultiplexers N × N Arrayed-Waveguide Grating Multiplexers and Demultiplexers Applications in WDM Communications References
The electro-deposition of iron-nickel alloys. Part I (1927)

S. Glasstone and T. E. Symes, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1927, 23, 213 DOI: 10.1039/TF9272300213
Ultrasmall Line Scan Nonlinear Optical Microscope Using 1d Dichroic Mems Scanner and Siob Assembly (2019)

This paper reports an ultrasmall line scan nonlinear optical (ULSNLO) microscope with a twelve-fold reduction in overall volume compared with state-of-the-art designs, which benefits from the integration of, for the first time, a 1D dichroic MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) scanner with a SiOB (Silicon optical bench) assembly. The ULSNLO microscope features its dimensions of ~7mm×6.5mm×3mm due to the novel dichroic scanning architecture and also highlights an ultrafast imaging speed up to thousands frames per second (fps) limited by the external CMOS camera. This design will enable the head-mounted fast functional neuronal soma imaging of freely behaving animals for neuroscience study.
Lung Parenchymal Mechanics (2011)

The lung parenchyma comprises a large number of thin-walled alveoli, forming an enormous surface area, which serves to maintain proper gas exchange. The alveoli are held open by the transpulmonary pressure, or prestress, which is balanced by tissues forces and alveolar surface film forces. Gas exchange efficiency is thus inextricably linked to three fundamental features of the lung: parenchymal architecture, prestress, and the mechanical properties of the parenchyma. The prestress is a key determinant of lung deformability that influences many phenomena including local ventilation, regional blood flow, tissue stiffness, smooth muscle contractility, and alveolar stability. The main pathway for stress transmission is through the extracellular matrix. Thus, the mechanical properties of the matrix play a key role both in lung function and biology. These mechanical properties in turn are determined by the constituents of the tissue, including elastin, collagen, and proteoglycans. In addition, the macroscopic mechanical properties are also influenced by the surface tension and, to some extent, the contractile state of the adherent cells. This chapter focuses on the biomechanical properties of the main constituents of the parenchyma in the presence of prestress and how these properties define normal function or change in disease. An integrated view of lung mechanics is presented and the utility of parenchymal mechanics at the bedside as well as its possible future role in lung physiology and medicine are discussed.
From AESA radar to digital radar for surface applications (2008)

This paper describes how Thales surface radar product policy is evolving from active electronically steered antenna (AESA) radar to digital radar in order to improve its capabilities when operating in challenging electromagnetic environments. It shows how digital receiver technology (with an analogue-to-digital converter behind every antenna element) tailored for the digital beam forming array application is a key enabling technology for enhancing the detection of radiofrequency signals of interest mixed with strong interference. After a description of the architecture and packaging design choices, some recent developments of digital tile receivers in S and X bands are presented. Examples using digital technology are given including M3R, GM400 and SM400. The conclusion focuses on future perspectives in digital radar technology. (16 pages)
Development of a pattern to measure multiscale deformation and strain distribution via<i>in situ</i>FE-SEM observations (2011)

We investigated a method for measuring deformation and strain distribution in a multiscale range from nanometers to millimeters via in situ FE-SEM observations. A multiscale pattern composed of a grid as well as random and nanocluster patterns was developed to measure the localized deformation at the specimen surface. Our in situ observations of a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite with a hierarchical microstructure subjected to loading were conducted to identify local deformation behaviors at various boundaries. We measured and analyzed the multiscale deformation and strain localizations during various stages of loading.
Charge Determination for Specified Shape Coulomb Force Virtual Structures (2006)

The focus of this paper is the generation of high Earth orbit (HEO) Coulomb force structures. These structures are characterized by a set of charge carrying nodes, but no interconnecting struts. By correctly setting the node charges, the inter-node Coulomb forces create a static, crystal-like structure. The uniqueness of the work is the examination of how to form specified shape structures using a subset of all available nodes. In addition, the plasma shielding effect is considered explicitly. An equilateral triangle structure example is given to illustrate the approach where 5 nodes are used in the structure, 3 of which are used to satisfy an equilateral triangle shape goal. The example also illustrates that practical Coulomb structures should have inter-node separation distances in the 10s of meters range or less. Copyright © 2006 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.
Identifying Relevant Data Center Telemetry Using Change Point Detection (2020)

In this paper, we focus on the problem of data center performance monitoring, more specifically, how to manage the large volume of data generated by data center telemetry tools. We propose a framework that uses Change Point Detection (CPD) to identify sources of useful telemetry and based on that information, filters incoming telemetry data in real-time as the data center operates. To evaluate our proposed CPD-based telemetry triage framework, we conducted experiments using a small emulated data center driven by different workloads. We also report results from experiments with telemetry data collected from a privately-owned, commercial, multi-tenant data center. Preliminary experimental results show that our CPD-based tool can filter out significant amounts of irrelevant telemetry while preserving most relevant telemetry sources.
Marketing Academic Support Services (2004)

Academic Support Centers, Learning Centers, Learning Labs - a precious child has many names, according to a Danish proverb. And many functions, too. On some college campuses, there is one central support facility - on others there are several, all with their own specialty: a writing center, a math center, etc. Common to all these institutions, though, are a set of core issues: how do we get students to come, how do we get them to come again after they've come once, how do we deal effectively and fairly with - for lack of a better word - issues, and how do we evaluate what we have done. Over the course of the next few issues, Patricia McCurdy, Learning Skills Specialist at Cayuga Community College, and I will put in our two cents on the burning questions listed above. The question for this issue is one of marketing. How do we let the students know that help is at hand - that academic support services are available, and helpful, to boot? We can inform students of our services even before they arrive on campus, by making sure we are a visible part of the college website, and by getting permission to enclose brochures or fact sheets in the mass mailings that go out to new students. We can also be a part of orientation - both for student orientation and new faculty orientation. Faculty are a major focus of marketing academic support. We can present information at new staff orientation and follow it up with a more personal approach - either meeting one-on-one with as many faculty members as possible or hosting a free lunch in the Academic Support Center. Instructors can also be encouraged to give bonus points for assignments that have been reviewed by the staff at one of the support services offices. One of my bright ideas (which 1 haven't implemented yet) is to give each faculty member a pad of Post Its, which say Take this assignment to the _____ (Academic Support Center, Writing Lab, whatever service is appropriate). Instructors can simply place the sticky (with the location and hours the service is available) on the students' papers. That brings us to another important marking component: location, location, location. If academic support services are placed far from where the students congregate, then it will be very difficult to get them to come in. Some residential colleges have outreach in student dorms, bringing support to the needy. We need to be in the center of student activity, not on the fringes. A combination of instructor and student advertising is particularly helpful. The extension center where I work is very small indeed, so I hand out overhead transparencies with all the pertinent facts about the ASC on it to all the instructors, encouraging them to put it on the overhead projector during the first class. I also do an introduction to ASC services in most classes (except yoga and aerobics! …
Rheumatoid arthritis associated autoantibodies in patients with synovitis of recent onset (2000)

STATEMENT OF FINDINGS: An inception cohort of 238 patients having peripheral joint synovitis of less than 12 months duration was evaluated clinically and followed prospectively for 1 year to determine the clinical significance of a number of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated autoantibodies. Serum samples collected at the time of the initial evaluation were tested for rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies to Sa (anti-Sa), RA-33, (pro)filaggrin [antifilaggrin antibody (AFA)], cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), calpastatin, and keratin [antikeratin antibody (AKA)]. RF had a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 87% for RA. Anti-Sa, AFA, and anti-CCP all had a specificity of more than 90%, but a sensitivity of less than 50% for this diagnosis. Overall, there was a high degree of correlation between AFA, AKA, anti-Sa or anti-CCP, this being highest between anti-Sa and anti-CCP (odds ratio, 13.3; P < 0.001). Of the 101 patients who were positive for at least one of these four autoantibodies, 57% were positive for only one. Finally, anti-SA identified a subset of predominantly male RA patients with severe, erosive disease. Anti-SA, AFA and anti-CCP are all specific for early RA but, overall, have little additional diagnostic value over RF alone. Although these antibodies may preferentially recognize citrullinated antigens, the modest degree of concordance between them in individual patient sera suggests that it is unlikely a single antigen is involved in generating these responses.
Occluding textile-hydrogel membrane as a stent graft component for spinal cord ishaemia prophylaxis (2017)

Löwen, Alexander Daniel; Gombert, Alexander; Hussmann, Larissa; Kotelis, Drosos; Töpel, Alexander; Thies, Sabrina; Gesché, Valentine; Pich, Andrij; Jacobs, Michael J.; Gries, Thomas; Jockenhövel, Stefan
VINYLENE CARBONATE (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVINYLENE CARBONATEMelvin S. Newman and Roger W. AddorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 5, 1263–1264Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01101a526https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01101a526research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1026Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Weak Calcium Binding Site in Subtilisin BPN‘ Has a Dramatic Effect on Protein Stability (1996)

The crystal structures of both subtilisin 8397 and a thermostable variant (Lys 256 Tyr) have been determined to 2.2 and 1.8 Å resolution. The thermostable variant (8397+1) was previously shown to exhibit enhanced thermostability over 8397 in both aqueous solutions and the polar organic solvent dimethylformamide (Sears, P.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6521−6530). The single substitution did not induce major changes in the protein structure (total rms deviation is 0.41 Å); however, changes in calcium binding were detected. The strong calcium binding site was occupied in both structures as has been seen in other subtilisins (Pantoliano, M.; et al. Biochemistry 1988, 27, 8311−8317). Unexpectedly, the weak calcium binding site was occupied in the 8397+1 structure but not in the 8397 structure. The goal of the Lys 256 Tyr mutation was to improve the stability of subtilisin in DMF by removing a surface charge. However, changing this residue altered calcium binding at a site 12 Å away, illustrating the importance of structure determination in understanding stability changes.
Lentivirus-Mediated Knockdown of Cyclin Y (CCNY) Inhibits Glioma Cell Proliferation (2009)

Cyclin Y (CCNY) is a novel cyclin and almost nothing is known about its expression level and role in human cancers. In the present study, we found that lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) of CCNY significantly downregulated its expression level. More importantly, knockdown of CCNY inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle progression in glioma cells. These data suggest that CCNY might play an important role in glioma tumorigenisis.
Clinical epidemiology of heart failure (2007)

The aim of this paper is to review the clinical epidemiology of heart failure. The last paper comprehensively addressing the epidemiology of heart failure in Heart appeared in 2000. Despite an increase in manuscripts describing epidemiological aspects of heart failure since the 1990s, additional information is still needed, as indicated by various editorials.
Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Porous, Transparent SiO2 Films With Time Domain Thermoreflectance (2011)

Nanocomposites offer unique capabilities of controlling thermal transport through the manipulation of various structural aspects of the material. However, measurements of the thermal properties of these composites are often difficult, especially porous nanomaterials. Optical measurements of these properties, although ideal due to the noncontact nature, are challenging due to the large surface variability of nanoporous structures. In this work, we use a vector-based thermal algorithm to solve for the temperature change and heat transfer in which a thin film subjected to a modulated heat source is sandwiched between two thermally conductive pathways. We validate our solution with time domain thermoreflectance measurements on glass slides and extend the thermal conductivity measurements to SiO2-based nanostructured films.