gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-consistent model of minority-carrier lifetime, diffusion length, and mobility (1991)

A self-consistent approach is proposed for extracting the minority-carrier mobility from fits to experimental data for lifetime and diffusion length and then comparing the extracted mobility to experimental mobility data. A value for electron and hole lifetime is extracted using a doping-dependent Shockley-Read-Hall mechanism with an Auger process. The hole lifetime is used to extract a minority carrier hole mobility that is consistent with the reported measurements of the hole diffusion length. The good agreement between extracted and experimental mobilities justifies incorporating the results into numerical device and circuit CAD tools.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modelling and optimization of a GMA welding process by genetic algorithm and response surface methodology (2002)

The welding process, due to its complexity, has relied on empirical and experimental data to determine its welding conditions. However, trial-and-error methods to determine optimal conditions incur considerable time and cost. In order to overcome these problems, a genetic algorithm and response surface methodology have been suggested for determining optimal welding conditions. First, in a relatively broad region, near-optimal conditions were determined through a genetic algorithm. Then, the optimal conditions for welding were determined over a relatively small region around these near-optimal conditions by using response surface methodology. In order to give different objective function values according to the positive or negative response from the set target value in the optimization problem, a desirability function approach was used. Application of the method proposed in this paper revealed a good result for finding the optimal welding conditions in the gas metal arc (GMA) welding process.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF OCCIPITOCERVICAL INSTABILITY (2008)

Surgical techniques for occipitocervical instrumentation and fusion are technically challenging and require meticulous preoperative planning and a thorough understanding of the regional anatomy, instrumentation, and constructs. Modern screw-based techniques for occipitocervical fusion have established clinical success and demonstrated biomechanical stability, with fusion rates approaching 100%.
A Multi-camera Wireless Capsule Endoscopic System (2013)

The aim of this project is to build an efficient multi camera wireless capsule endoscopic system, thereby trying to make the capsule have 360° angle of view. The primary idea is to address the problem of limited diagnosis caused due to the formation of blind areas while using a single camera. A multi camera approach helps to reduce the blind area. However increased image sensors cause increase in power consumption. In this work, a 4 camera wireless capsule system prototype was built which uses JPEG image compression to reduce the data size needed to be transmitted by the RF transmitter. Stellar is LM4F120 (ARM Cortex M4) micro controller performs the main task of image compression, EZ430-RF2500 to establish the wireless link and the cameras used are Omni vision's OV7760.
INE: a rice genome database with an integrated map view (2000)

The Rice Genome Research Program (RGP) launched a large-scale rice genome sequencing in 1998 aimed at decoding all genetic information in rice. A new genome database called INE (INtegrated rice genome Explorer) has been developed in order to integrate all the genomic information that has been accumulated so far and to correlate these data with the genome sequence. A web interface based on Java applet provides a rapid viewing capability in the database. The first operational version of the database has been completed which includes a genetic map, a physical map using YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome) clones and PAC (P1-derived Artificial Chromosome) contigs. These maps are displayed graphically so that the positional relationships among the mapped markers on each chromosome can be easily resolved. INE incorporates the sequences and annotations of the PAC contig. A site on low quality information ensures that all submitted sequence data comply with the standard for accuracy. As a repository of rice genome sequence, INE will also serve as a common database of all sequence data obtained by collaborating members of the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP). The database can be accessed at http://www. dna.affrc.go.jp:82/giot/INE. html or its mirror site at http://www.staff.or.jp/giot/INE.html
Fli-1 Inhibits Collagen Type I Production in Dermal Fibroblasts via an Sp1-dependent Pathway (2001)

Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), especially collagen. Because Ets factors are implicated in physiological and pathological ECM remodeling, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of Ets factors in collagen production. We demonstrate that the expression of collagenous proteins and collagen alpha2(I) (COL1A2) mRNA was inhibited following stable transfection of Fli-1 in dermal fibroblasts. Subsequent analysis of the COL1A2 promoter identified a critical Ets binding site that mediates Fli-1 inhibition. In contrast, Ets-1 stimulates COL1A2 promoter activity. In vitro binding assays demonstrate that both Fli-1 and Ets-1 form DNA-protein complexes with sequences present in COL1A2 promoter. Furthermore, Fli-1 binding to the COL1A2 is enhanced via Sp1-dependent interaction. Studies using Fli-1 dominant interference and DNA binding mutants indicate that Fli-1 inhibition is mediated by both direct (DNA binding) and indirect (via protein-protein interaction) mechanisms and that Sp1 is an important mediator of the Fli-1 function. Furthermore, experiments using the Gal4 system in the context of different cell types as well as experiments with the COL1A2 promoter in different cell lines demonstrate that the direction and magnitude of the effect of Fli-1 is promoter- and cell context-specific. We propose that Fli-1 inhibits COL1A2 promoter activity by competition with Ets-1. In addition, we postulate that another factor (co-repressor) may be required for maximal inhibition after recruitment to the Fli-1-Sp1 complex. We conclude that the ratio of Fli-1 to Ets-1 and the presence of co-regulatory proteins ultimately control ECM production in fibroblasts.
Effect of capacitive coupled electrical stimulation on regenerate bone (1996)

An in vivo study was carried out to determine if capacitive coupled electrical stimulation increased the rate of recovery of strength of regenerate bone produced as a result of lengthening by the Ilizarov technique. Thirty-four adult male beagles underwent a right tibial mid-diaphyseal corticotomy, followed by a 5-day delay, and then 21 days of lengthening (1 mm/day). At the start of the post-distraction period (day 27), stimulation (3-6.3 V peak to peak, 5-10 mA root-mean-square at 60 kHz) was applied for 28 days to one group. The nonstimulated group (n = 17) underwent a 28-day period with no stimulation. From each group, four tibiae were prepared for histology; both ends of the remaining bones were embedded in polymethylmethacrylate and tested in torsion (internal rotation at 4.7 degrees/sec) until failure. Statistically significant changes included a 37% lower maximum torque capacity and a 40% decrease in strain energy to failure in the stimulated group compared with the nonstimulated group. The findings are supported by measured trends to a lower modulus of rigidity (37% decrease) and a smaller percentage of active osteoid perimeter (20% decrease) for the stimulated group. The experimental data suggest that when this dose of capacitive coupled electrical stimulation is applied to the regenerating bone created during distraction osteogenesis, it delays the recovery of bone strength compared with an untreated control.
Prognostic impact of urokinase-type plasminogen activator system components in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients without distant metastasis (2014)

High levels of uPA and uPAR in tumour tissue extracts are associated with a significantly shorter DSS of ccRCC patients without distant metastases.
Process for the Separation of Gas Products from Waste Tire Pyrolysis (2006)

In recent years, pyrolysis has proven to be an effective thermochemical process for the recycling of waste tires. After pyrolysis, three fractions are obtained: carbonaceous solids, liquid hydrocarbons, and the so-called noncondensable gases. In this paper, the starting point is the pyrolysis reactor outlet that provides a gas stream with a temperature of 600 °C and a pressure of 2 bar, comprising both the condensable and the noncondensable fractions. Although the pyrolysis process is technically and environmentally feasible, its economic viability will clearly depend on the possible salability or use of the three main derived products. Focusing on liquid hydrocarbons, usually the most abundant and valuable fraction, they are a mixture of aliphatic, aromatic, and polar compounds with a boiling point ranging between approximately 70 and 400 °C. Therefore, it is difficult to find possible applications different from their direct combustion without a purification or separation step for their commercialization. In this paper, a complete process for the separation of valuable gas and liquid fractions is described by using commercial process simulation software. After a condensation step, the liquid stream is derived to a conventional crude distillation column where it is fractionated and the gas stream is conducted to an absorption column where H2S and CO2 are removed to obtain a clean gas. In addition to the complete flow sheet description, an energy balance is provided and the liquid fractions are compared to those obtained in crude distillation.
The Separation of Dansyl Amino Acids by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (1978)

The dansyl amino acids have been separated by reversed phase HPLC on a single column in about 30 min, using a linear gradient formed from acetonitrile and sodium phosphate buffers of approximately neutral pH. The effect on retention times of the pH and ionic strength of the eluting buffer has been investigated and, by an appropriate choice of these variables, a separation of most of the derivatives of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins may be made on a column of either μBondapak® C18 or Spherisorb 5ODS. The greatest difference between the two columns was found to be in the retention of the basic dansyl derivatives, particularly α-Dns-His and Dns-Arg. Owing to the quenching of the fluorescence of the dansyl amino acids in aqueous solutions, the UV absorbance at 250 nm has been used for detection giving a sensitivity of about 100 pmol for a single component. It is suggested that this system may be useful for the analysis of peptides at high sensitivity and for the quantitation of N- and C-terminal amino acids.
Parameter Estimation of Multiterminal Transmission Lines Using Joint PMU and SCADA Data (2014)

This paper focuses on the parameter estimation of transmission lines which is an essential prerequisite for system studies and relay settings. Synchrophasor measurements have shown promising potentials for the transmission line parameter estimation. Majority of existing techniques entail existence of phasor measurement units (PMUs) at both ends of a given transmission line; however, this assumption rarely holds true in nowadays power networks with few installed PMUs. In this paper, a practical technique is proposed for the estimation of transmission line parameters while the required data are phasor measurements at one end of a given line and conventional magnitude measurements at the other end. The proposed method is thus on the basis of joint PMU and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) measurements. A non-linear weighted least-square error (NWLSE) algorithm is employed for the maximum-likelihood estimation of parameters. The approach is initially devised for simple transmission lines with two terminals; then, it is extended for three-terminal lines. Numerical studies encompassing two- and three-terminal lines are conducted through software and hardware simulations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of new technique and verify its applicability in present power networks.
Operator-oriented CRS interpolation (2009)

In common-reflection-surface (CRS) imaging the reflection arrival time field is parameterized by a kinematic description of the recorded wavefield. Using the CRS approach locally in the unmigrated prestack data domain opens a potential for trace regularization and interpolation. The presented CRS interpolation operates in the original prestack data domain and accounts for irregular geometries. A distinction to existing methods is the use of local operators of the second order which are less sensitive to aliasing but imply a considerable increase of the computational expense.
Woven of War-Time Fabrics: The globalization of public health surveillance (2009)

This article considers the imbrication of war-time logics with the ideational and institutional development of public health surveillance. It suggests that, as the Cold-War–era gave way to the ‘age of globalization’, public health discourse became less concerned with ideological enemies, and more concerned with ontological enemies. The discourse of emerging infectious disease exemplifies this preoccupation and illustrates how public health surveillance, dominated by war-time logics, is both globalized and predisposed to marginalized local orders of concern. However, at the same time that militarized configurations of public health surveillance set certain tendencies in motion, local orders of concern deconstruct, contest, resist, and negotiate these tendencies. Hence, this article concludes with a call for further empirical attention by Surveillance Studies scholars to the multiplicity of local sites that enact public health surveillance.
Zernike phase contrast microscope for EUV mask inspection (2014)

In this paper, we address a new inspection method which provides in-focus inspection capability and higher defect sensitivity compared with conventional mask inspection methods. In the Zernike phase contrast microscope, an added phase shift to background wave combines with the phase of bump and pit defects to achieve higher contrast at focus. If we use a centralized apodization to half the lens radius to further reduce the intensity of the phase-shifted background wave, the signal strength can be improved up to 6-fold of its original value. Simulation results further show that this apodization for a typical EUV mask power spectral density results in the noise decreasing in absolute level similar to the clear field reference signal. Thus large improvements in signal to noise ratios are possible with the Zernike phase contrast microscope type systems for EUV mask inspection applications.
A wavelet-based approach to the estimation of the Hurst parameter for self-similar data (2002)

In this paper we analyse a wavelet based method for the estimation of the Hurst parameter of synthetically-generated self-similar traces, widely used in a great variety of applications, ranging from computer graphics to parsimonious traffic modelling in broadband networks. The aim of this work is to point out the efficiency of multiresolution schemes in the analysis of fractal processes, characterized by similar statistical features over different time scales. To this end we generated a huge amount of data using the random midpoint displacement (RMD) algorithm, a well-known fast technique for the generation of fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) traces. We then evaluated the Hurst parameter of such sequences in the wavelet domain and compared the results with those obtained with more traditional methods, based on the estimation of the fractal dimensional (Higuchi method) and the moments of the aggregated series.
Star couplers using fused biconically tapered multimode fibres (1978)

We report the fabrication and testing of 4-, 7-and 19-fibre fused biconical taper transmissive star couplers for use with single multimode fibres. Overall insertion losses on six couplers range from −1.3 dB to −2.6 dB. Losses are nearly independent of N, the number of fibres, but dispersion of the powers in the output fibres increases significantly with N.
A frequency shifting liquid metal antenna with pressure responsiveness (2011)

This letter describes the fabrication and characterization of a shape shifting antenna that changes electrical length and therefore, frequency, in a controlled and rapid response to pressure. The antenna is composed of a liquid metal alloy (eutectic gallium indium) injected into microfluidic channels that feature rows of posts that separate adjacent segments of the metal. The initial shape of the antenna is stabilized mechanically by a thin oxide skin that forms on the liquid metal. Rupturing the skin merges distinct segments of the metal, which rapidly changes the length, and therefore frequency, of the antenna. A high speed camera elucidates the mechanism of merging and simulations model accurately the spectral properties of the antennas.
MEMS sensor material based on polypyrrole–carbon nanotube nanocomposite: film deposition and characterization (2005)

Conductive polymer-based nanocomposite has been utilized as a MEMS sensing material via a one-step, selective on-chip deposition process at room temperature. A doped polypyrrole (PPy) variant synthesized by incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) into electropolymerized PPy has been shown to improve the sensing performance utilizing a two-terminal, micro-gap chemiresistor architecture. The dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS)-doped PPy–MWCNT nanocomposites are found to be responsive to oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and this effect can be extended to glucose detection using H2O2 as a proxy material. The oxidant sensing effect is demonstrated by subjecting a glucose oxidase (GOx)-laden PPy–MWCNT nanocomposite film to various concentrations of glucose solution. Such PPy–MWCNT nanocomposite, when applied in a chemiresistor configuration, obviates the need for reference electrode and electron mediators, by measuring the direct and reversible, oxidation–reduction induced conductivity change. Experimentally, GOx-laden, doped PPy–MWCNT is tested to be sensitive to glucose concentration up to 20 mM, which covers the physiologically important range for diabetics of 0–20 mM.
Quantum-chemical insights from deep tensor neural networks (2017)

Learning from data has led to paradigm shifts in a multitude of disciplines, including web, text and image search, speech recognition, as well as bioinformatics. Can machine learning enable similar breakthroughs in understanding quantum many-body systems? Here we develop an efficient deep learning approach that enables spatially and chemically resolved insights into quantum-mechanical observables of molecular systems. We unify concepts from many-body Hamiltonians with purpose-designed deep tensor neural networks, which leads to size-extensive and uniformly accurate (1 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>) predictions in compositional and configurational chemical space for molecules of intermediate size. As an example of chemical relevance, the model reveals a classification of aromatic rings with respect to their stability. Further applications of our model for predicting atomic energies and local chemical potentials in molecules, reliable isomer energies, and molecules with peculiar electronic structure demonstrate the potential of machine learning for revealing insights into complex quantum-chemical systems.
Simulating Coastal Systems Tracts Using the Shoreface Translation Model (1999)

Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy: Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations - This volume presents the results derived from a three-day workshop held at the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, from May 15 through May 17, 1996. The objectives of the workshop were to document, characterize, demonstrate, and compare different computing procedures that have been utilized in simulating stratigraphic sequences. Both inverse and forward simulation modeling procedures are represented. The results of the workshop and the papers assembled here include: (1) an enhanced understanding of similarities and differences between models and modeling philosophies, (2) increased communication among modeling groups and geoscientists, (3) critical evaluation of applications and assessment of how models have been utilized, and (4) improvements and refinements in techniques for generating and describing model input and output.
Discovering statistics using SPSS: (and sex and drugs and rock 'n' roll) (2009)

Andy Field draws on his experience of teaching advanced statistics to extend existing SPSS Windows texts to a higher level. He covers ANOVA, MANOVA, logistic regression, comparing means tests and factor analysis.
Edge-position modulation for high-speed wireless infrared communications (2003)

Driven by the Infrared Data Association (IrDA), wireless infrared communication has become a very popular and widely used method for short-range data transmission between mobile devices such as laptops, PDAs and mobile phones. The quality and speed of infrared communications are mainly limited by the bandwidth of the infrared transceivers. Therefore, it is important to use a modulation technique with a high bandwidth efficiency, while simultaneously maintaining a low bit-error rate and high power efficiency. Consequently, the IrDA has continuously improved the modulation techniques of its standards by introducing return to zero (inverted), RZ(I), for the serial infrared (SIR) mode, 4-pulse position modulation (4-PPM) for the fast infrared (FIR) mode and HHH(1,13) for the latest very fast infrared (VFIR) mode (serial infrared physical layer specification, version 1.4, May 2001). This article presents a new modulation scheme called edge position modulation (EPM) with run-length-limited (RLL) coding, which offers an increased bandwidth efficiency over the previous methods and an attractive power efficiency. Since the novel modulation technique can be optimised to the characteristics of the wireless infrared channel, it also maintains low bit-error rates.
Simulation of power electronic and motion control systems-an overview (1994)

This paper presents a users' perspective of simulation in power electronic and motion control systems. The rationale for simulation in research, education and in the design process, and the details of how simulation is carried out are discussed. Characteristics of a reliable simulation program are outlined and the hierarchical approach to simulation is stressed. Numerical solution issues in the simulation of "stiff" systems such as power electronics and motion control are discussed in general terms. A brief overview of the widely used simulation programs is provided along with the challenges in modeling the semiconductor devices. In conclusion, observations are made with respect to the future role and nature of computer simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>