gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
La endogamia laboral en los nuevos matrimonios de las viudas barcelonesas a principios del siglo XVII (2013)

A partir de los documentos del obispado de Barcelona con los impuestos sobre las bodas alli celebradas a principios del siglo XVII (entre el 1 de mayo de 1605 y el 30 de abril de 1607, y entre el 1 de mayo de 1625 y el 30 de abril de 1627), este trabajo, focalizado en las viudas que contraian nuevo matrimonio, ha analizado los oficios de sus nuevos y anteriores maridos, confirmandose la endogamia de las profesiones del conyuge, actual o anterior, especialmente en las actividades laborales del sector primario, entre las que destacaba a agricultura.

From the documents of the bishopric of Barcelona with the taxes on the weddings there celebrated at the beginning of the 17th century (between May 1, 1605 and April 30, 1607, and between May 1, 1625 and April 30, 1627), this work focused in the widows who were contracting new marriage, has analyzed the trades of his new and previous husbands, being confirmed the labor imbreeding, with predominance of the professions of the spouse, current or previous, in activities of the primary sector, specially in the agriculture, inside a labor imbreeding.
Einleitung (2011)

In Unternehmen entstehen derzeit starke heterogene IT-Systemlandschaften. Dabei sind die einzelnen Informationssysteme oftmals nicht integriert, verursacht durch eine einseitige Orientierung an Funktionsbereichen wie Einkauf, Produktion, Verkauf, Finanzbuchhaltung oder durch Verwendung von Legacy-Systemen, d.h. veraltete und proprietäre Informationssysteme. Auch durch Dezentralisierung der Logistik, durch Internationale Ausrichtung des Unternehmens, durch Fusionen, durch Akquisitionen oder durch starke Landesgesellschaften wird diese Heterogenität verstärkt. Probleme entstehen dann bei der Ausführung systemübergreifender Geschäftsprozesse durch sogenannte Medienbrüche. Sollen jedoch Geschäftsprozesse über mehrere Systeme durchgängig ausgeführt werden, dann müssen Konzepte und Systeme zur integrierten Ausführung dieser Geschäftsprozesse vorhanden sein. Wie kann ein Unternehmen diesen elektronischen Austausch von Dokumenten und Nachrichten über eine große Anzahl von Schnittstellen zwischen (heterogenen) Komponenten managen? Unterschiedliche Formen von Middleware wurden entwickelt, um Daten und Nachrichten zwischen verschiedenen Systemen austauschen zu können.
Preparation of Ammonia Borane in High Yield and Purity, Methanolysis, and Regeneration (2007)

Ammonia borane (AB) is emerging as a promising solid hydrogen carrier, particularly for power generation in portable devices that employ proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. A preparative-scale synthesis of AB from sodium borohydride and ammonium salts in high yields (> or =95%) and very high purity (> or =98%) has been described. The first systematic study of a transitional metal-catalyzed alcoholysis of AB, comparison of the methanolysis to the hydrolysis of AB, and regeneration of AB from ammonium tetramethoxyborate also has been described.
FasR, a novel class of transcriptional regulator, governs the activation of fatty acid biosynthesis genes in <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i> (2010)

Membrane lipid homeostasis is essential for bacterial survival and adaptation to different environments. The regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis is therefore crucial for maintaining the correct composition and biophysical properties of cell membranes. This regulation implicates a biochemical control of key enzymes and a transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism. In Streptomyces coelicolor we found that control of lipid homeostasis is accomplished, at least in part, through the transcriptional regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic genes. A novel transcription factor, FasR (SCO2386), controls expression of fabDHPF operon and lies immediately upstream of fabD, in a cluster of genes that is highly conserved within actinomycetes. Disruption of fasR resulted in a mutant strain, with severe growth defects and a delay in the timing of morphological and physiological differentiation. Expression of fab genes was downregulated in the fasR mutant, indicating a role for this transcription factor as an activator. Consequently, the mutant showed a significant drop in fatty acid synthase activity and triacylglyceride accumulation. FasR binds specifically to a DNA sequence containing fabDHPF promoter region, both in vivo and in vitro. These data provide the first example of positive regulation of genes encoding core proteins of saturated fatty acid synthase complex.
Talking With Readers: Metadiscourse As Rhetorical Act (1989)

The CLAS-Sim demonstrates preliminary validity evidence for distinguishing 3 CL types but requires further study to evaluate the impact of simulation-design elements on CL and learning.
Suspension Processing of Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> /SiC Whisker Composites (1988)

Homogeneous Al 2 O 3 powder/SiC whisker compacts were prepared by suspension processing. By optimizing the conditions for particle/whisker codispersion, castable suspensions could be prepared at total‐solids concentrations 50 vol%. Green bodies with high relative density (∼66% to 70%) were obtained with SiC whisker contents in the range of 5 to 30 vol%. Although densification was severely inhibited by the SiC whiskers, significantly higher sintered densities were obtained by suspension processing compared to dry processing.
Protein Binding-Induced Surfactant Aggregation Variation: A New Strategy of Developing Fluorescent Aqueous Sensor for Proteins (2015)

Novel strategies of developing fluorescent sensors for proteins are highly demanded. In this work, we particularly synthesized a cholesterol-derivatized pyrene probe. Its fluorescence emission is effectively tuned by the aggregation state of a cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB). The used probe/DTAB assemblies exhibit highly sensitive ratiometric responses to pepsin and ovalbumin egg (o-egg) with detection limits of 4.8 and 18.9 nM, respectively. The fluorescence changes indicate the protein-surfactant interaction leads to further aggregation of DTAB assemblies. The results from Tyndall effect and dynamic light scattering verify this assumption. The responses to pepsin and o-egg are due to their strong electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction with DTAB assemblies at pH 7.4. The present noncovalent supramolecular sensor represents a novel and simple strategy for sensing proteins, which is based on the encapsulated fluorophore probing the aggregation variation of the surfactant assemblies.
Reliable disease biomarkers characterizing and identifying electrohypersensitivity and multiple chemical sensitivity as two etiopathogenic aspects of a unique pathological disorder (2015)

Abstract Much of the controversy over the causes of electro-hypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) lies in the absence of both recognized clinical criteria and objective biomarkers for widely accepted diagnosis. Since 2009, we have prospectively investigated, clinically and biologically, 1216 consecutive EHS and/or MCS-self reporting cases, in an attempt to answer both questions. We report here our preliminary data, based on 727 evaluable of 839 enrolled cases: 521 (71.6%) were diagnosed with EHS, 52 (7.2%) with MCS, and 154 (21.2%) with both EHS and MCS. Two out of three patients with EHS and/or MCS were female; mean age (years) was 47. As inflammation appears to be a key process resulting from electromagnetic field (EMF) and/or chemical effects on tissues, and histamine release is potentially a major mediator of inflammation, we systematically measured histamine in the blood of patients. Near 40% had a increase in histaminemia (especially when both conditions were present), indicating a chronic inflammatory response can be detected in these patients. Oxidative stress is part of inflammation and is a key contributor to damage and response. Nitrotyrosin, a marker of both peroxynitrite (ONOO°-) production and opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), was increased in 28% the cases. Protein S100B, another marker of BBB opening was increased in 15%. Circulating autoantibodies against O-myelin were detected in 23%, indicating EHS and MCS may be associated with autoimmune response. Confirming animal experiments showing the increase of Hsp27 and/or Hsp70 chaperone proteins under the influence of EMF, we found increased Hsp27 and/or Hsp70 in 33% of the patients. As most patients reported chronic insomnia and fatigue, we determined the 24 h urine 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate (6-OHMS)/creatinin ratio and found it was decreased (<0.8) in all investigated cases. Finally, considering the self-reported symptoms of EHS and MCS, we serially measured the brain blood flow (BBF) in the temporal lobes of each case with pulsed cerebral ultrasound computed tomosphygmography. Both disorders were associated with hypoperfusion in the capsulothalamic area, suggesting that the inflammatory process involve the limbic system and the thalamus. Our data strongly suggest that EHS and MCS can be objectively characterized and routinely diagnosed by commercially available simple tests. Both disorders appear to involve inflammation-related hyper-histaminemia, oxidative stress, autoimmune response, capsulothalamic hypoperfusion and BBB opening, and a deficit in melatonin metabolic availability; suggesting a risk of chronic neurodegenerative disease. Finally the common co-occurrence of EHS and MCS strongly suggests a common pathological mechanism.
Molecular Recognition via Triplex Formation of Mixed Purine/Pyrimidine DNA Sequences Using OligoTRIPs (2005)

Stable DNA triple-helical structures are normally restricted to homopurine sequences. We have described a system of four heterocyclic bases (TRIPsides) that, when incorporated into oligomers (oligoTRIPs), can recognize and bind in the major groove to any native sequence of DNA [Li et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 2084]. To date, we have reported on triplex-forming oligomers composed of two of these TRIPsides, i.e., antiTA and antiGC, and their ability to form intramolecular triplexes at mixed purine/pyrimidine sequences. In the present study, we describe the synthesis and characterization of the antiCG TRIPside and its use in conjunction with antiTA and antiGC to form sequence-specific intra- and/or intermolecular triplex structures at mixed purine/pyrimidine sequences that require as many as four major groove crossovers.
Development of Building Automation and Control Systems (2012)

In this paper, we proposed a design flow for BAC systems that enables integrating heterogeneous input models, conducts automatic design space exploration, and performs software synthesis on distributed platforms while guaranteeing correctness and reducing communication load. We believe these capabilities can enable the building designers to better adopt model-based design methodologies, and facilitate them to improve design productivity, optimize system performance, and reduce cost.
Transmission with 1.37-Tbit km/sec capacity using ten wavelength division multiplexed lasers at 1.5 μm (1985)

Although recent fiber-optic transmission experiments have shown impressive results in unrepeatered transmission distance at high data rates,1,2 only a small fraction of the information carrying capacity of the optical fiber has been utilized. To utilize fully the fiber bandwidth, it is desirable to use many closely spaced wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) channels in the minimum loss region ~1.5 μm. We report here the results of a ten-channel WDM system operating at 1.5-μm wavelength. The system was tested with 68.3 km of fiber and with a channel spacing and data rate of 1.35 nm and 2 Gbit/sec, respectively. The experimental setup is shown in Fig. 1. The lasers employed in this experiment were HRO distributed feedback (DFB) lasers.3 The pure single-longitudinal-mode operation, even under high-speed modulation, of these lasers was essential for achieving the narrow channel spacing, low cross talk, and error-free (<10−9-BER) operation. The laser wavelengths were between 1.529 and 1.561 μm and selected from several wafers with different design wavelengths.
Selective coupling of the human anaphylatoxin C5a receptor and α<sub>16</sub> in human kidney 293 cells (1993)

The peptide C5a which is generated during the complement cascade is an important chemotactic factor involved in the inflammatory response. The C5a receptor (C5aR) primary sequence suggests that it has a serpentine structure of seven transmembrane domains which is typical of classical G-protein-coupled receptors. To investigate the signal transduction mechanism of C5a we transiently expressed the C5aR in combination with different G-protein alpha subunits in human kidney 293 cells and measured the PLC activity induced upon C5a stimulation. Cotransfection of C5aR and alpha 16 stimulated PLC while cotransfection of C5aR with either alpha q or alpha i2 did not.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-10 induces cardiomyocyte proliferation and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction (2014)

Heart disease is among the leading causes of death worldwide, and the limited proliferation of mammalian cardiomyocytes prevents heart regeneration in response to injury. Bone morphogenetic protein-10 (BMP10) exerts multiple roles in various developmental events; however, the effect of BMP10 and the underlying mechanism involved in cardiac repair remains unclear. After stimulation with the recombinant BMP10, an obvious dose-dependent cardiomyocyte proliferation and reentry of differentiated mammalian cardiomyocytes into the cell cycle was observed. Furthermore, BMP10 stimulation strikingly enhanced Tbx20 expression. Further analysis demonstrated that T-box 20 (Tbx20) was involved in BMP10-induced proliferation of differentiated cardiomyocytes as preconditioning with Tbx20 siRNA significantly attenuated BMP10-induced DNA synthesis. In vivo, BMP10 induced rat cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis and cytokinesis. After myocardial infarction (MI), BMP10 stimulated cardiomyocyte cell-cycle reentry and mitosis, resulting in the decrease of infarct size and improvement of cardiac repair. Taken together, these data indicated that BMP10 stimulated cardiomyocyte proliferation and repaired cardiac function after heart injury. Consequently, BMP10 may be a potential target for innovative strategies against heart failure.
Use of immunoglobulin heavy-chain and light-chain measurements in a multicenter trial to investigate monoclonal components: II. Classification by use of computer-based algorithms. (1991)

We describe a computer algorithm for classifying serum monoclonal proteins (MC) based on serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and the automated measurement of kappa and lambda light chains and IgG, IgA, and IgM. We developed the algorithm by using a large database of unselected samples containing MC collected in a multicenter study. The performance of the algorithm was optimized by using iterative computational procedures and was tested on both the development database and on an independent set of MC-containing samples. With the development database, the algorithm correctly classified 50% and misassigned 2.5% of the MC. Where the MC were present in concentrations greater than 10 g/L, the rate of successful classification increased to 72% with 3% misclassification. When the algorithm was tested on a group of 101 MC-containing samples from an independent source, 67% were correctly classified and 8% misclassified, half of the latter being unusual IgD myelomas. We discuss the scope for the application of the algorithm in routine laboratory practice involving personal computer software.
Upper body and centralized adiposity in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites: relationship to body mass index and other behavioral and demographic variables. (1986)

Mexican Americans have a higher prevalence of NIDDM, more overall obesity and more centralized adiposity than non-Hispanic whites, but have thus far not been characterized as to whether they have greater upper body adiposity. Waist-to-hip circumferences (WHR, a measure of upper body adiposity) and subscapular-to-triceps skinfold ratios (centrality index, a measure of centralized adiposity) were determined in 725 Mexican Americans and 226 non-Hispanic whites as part of the San Antonio Heart Study, a population-based study of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. Mexican American females had higher centrality indices and WHRs than non-Hispanic white females, even after adjustment for demographic (age, menopausal status) and behavioral variables (body mass index, parity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and oral contraceptive and estrogen use). Mexican American males had higher centrality indices than non-Hispanic white males, but differences in WHR disappeared after adjustment for overall adiposity (body mass index). Of the demographic and behavioral variables, only age and body mass index were consistently related to regional body fat distribution. The lack of an association between body fat distribution and behavioral variables suggests that genetic factors may play the principal role in determining body fat distribution. Surprisingly, the distributions of centrality index and WHR were relatively independent of one another suggesting that they may be used as distinct, independent predictors of metabolic diseases.
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Glucokinase Is an Important Mediator of the Counterregulatory Response to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia (2008)

These studies suggest that VMH GK activity is an important regulator of the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and that a drug that specifically inhibited the rise in hypothalamic GK activity after insulin-induced hypoglycemia might improve the dampened counterregulatory response seen in tightly controlled diabetic subjects.
ICIQ: A brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence (2004)

The final ICIQ comprises three scored items and an unscored self-diagnostic item. It allows the assessment of the prevalence, frequency, and perceived cause of urinary incontinence, and its impact on everyday life. The ICIQ is a brief and robust questionnaire that will be of use in outcomes and epidemiological research as well as routine clinical practice.
Complement and antibody mediate enhancement of HIV infection by increasing virus binding and provirus formation (1991)

Previous studies have shown that infection of complement receptor (CR2)-bearing cells with HIV pretreated with antibody (Ab) plus complement (C) resulted in increased virus expression. The current study was designed to determine whether C-mediated 'enhancement' of HIV-1 production was the result of increased virus infection of cells as assessed by provirus formation and virus binding. Virus was incubated with anti-HIV Ab and/or C and added to CR2-positive MT-2 cells. Increased virus expression by MT-2 cells correlated with increased numbers of HIV-immunofluorescent-positive cells at 24 and 48 h and higher levels of provirus detected 8-28 h after infection. MT-2 cells also bound threefold more Ab-plus-C-treated virus than untreated virus. Serial dilutions of C showed that high levels of C with Ab did not enhance but rather suppressed virus expression. Studies were also performed which showed that terminal C components C5 and C8 were not necessary for the enhancing effect. The increased binding of C-coated HIV to CR-positive cells has important implications for the fate of virus in vivo.
Sensing Odorants and Pheromones with Chemosensory Receptors (2009)

Olfaction is a critical sensory modality that allows living things to acquire chemical information from the external world. The olfactory system processes two major classes of stimuli: (a) general odorants, small molecules derived from food or the environment that signal the presence of food, fire, or predators, and (b) pheromones, molecules released from individuals of the same species that convey social or sexual cues. Chemosensory receptors are broadly classified, by the ligands that activate them, into odorant or pheromone receptors. Peripheral sensory neurons expressing either odorant or pheromone receptors send signals to separate odor- and pheromone-processing centers in the brain to elicit distinct behavioral and neuroendocrinological outputs. General odorants activate receptors in a combinatorial fashion, whereas pheromones activate narrowly tuned receptors that activate sexually dimorphic neural circuits in the brain. We review recent progress on chemosensory receptor structure, function, and circuitry in vertebrates and invertebrates from the point of view of the molecular biology and physiology of these sensory systems.
Analog network coding mappings for the Gaussian multiple-access relay channel (2009)

We consider the multiple-access relay channel with two source nodes, one relay node and one destination node. For practical simplicity, we consider orthogonal transmission of the source messages and half-duplex relaying. Further, we assume that the relay is memoryless and is implemented based on a two-to-one deterministic mapping. Essentially the proposed mappings combine the two incoming analog signals and forward them to the destination, thus we term them analog network coding mappings. We investigate both linear and non-linear mappings. In particular, we propose to use mappings based on the Archimedean spiral for analog non-linear combining. In addition, we also propose to couple spiral mappings with sawtooth-like mappings to exploit the potential side information provided by the direct links. We investigate the resulting achievable rate regions and sum rates, and demonstrate significant gains.
Preparation and acid-catalysed rearrangements of a steroidal 1,4-quinol (1980)

Thallium perchlorate oxidation of 17β-acetoxy-1-hydroxy-4-methylestra-1,3,5(10)-triene (1) was used to prepare the steroidal quinol, 17β-acetoxy-4ξ-hydroxy-4-methylestra-2,5(10)-dien-1 -one (2), which could be isolated as a pair of diastereoisomers. Thallium nitrate in methanol yielded the corresponding 4-methoxy-quinol (3). Treatment of the quinol with HBr or HCl rearranged it to the 1,17β-diacetoxy-3-halogeno-4-methylestra-1,3,5(10)-trienes (4) and (5)(after acetylation) while HI expelled the 4-hydroxy-moiety and reduced it to 1,17βdiacetoxy-4-methylestra-1,3,5(10)-triene (6). Hydrogen fluoride failed to effect any reaction. Dienone-phenol type rearrangement, whereby the 4-methyl group migrated to C-3 affording 1,4,17β-tiacetoxy-3-methylestra-1,3,5(10)-triene (15), was accomplished with BF3–ether and subsequent acetylation. Use of ZnCl2–acetic anhydride was found, on the other hand, to bring about migration of the oxygen moiety and give 1,3,17β-triacetoxy-4-methylestra-1,3,5(10)-triene (12). Attempts to rearrange the 4-methoxy-quinol ether (3) by the above methods failed.
A dual GTO current-source converter topology with sinusoidal inputs for high-power applications (1998)

A dual gate-turn-off thyristor current-source converter topology with sinusoidal inputs is proposed for high-power applications. The sinusoidal input current is realized by using pulsewidth modulation techniques to eliminate 11th and 13th harmonics and a transformer to cancel 5th, 7th, 17th, and 19th harmonics. Three switching patterns are proposed with a switching frequency of 360 or 420 Hz. The combination of these switching patterns provides a full-range control over the DC output current. Resonant modes of the proposed system are identified, and the criterion for the line capacitor design is provided. Simulation and experimental results are given to verify the theoretical analysis.