gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3,4,9,9a-Tetrahydro-1,4-ethano-3,4a-(iminoethano)-4aH-carbazol-2(1H)-one derivatives. 2. Unusual results from Eschweiler-Clarke methylation (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3,4,9,9a-Tetrahydro-1,4-ethano-3,4a-(iminoethano)-4aH-carbazol-2(1H)-one derivatives. 2. Unusual results from Eschweiler-Clarke methylationGeorge BobowskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 7, 929–931Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00207a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00207a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views451Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Combining thread level speculation helper threads and runahead execution (2009)

With the current trend toward multicore architectures, improved execution performance can no longer be obtained via traditional single-thread instruction level parallelism (ILP), but, instead, via multithreaded execution.Generating thread-parallel programs is hard and thread-level speculation (TLS) has been suggested as an execution model that can speculatively exploit thread-level parallelism (TLP) even when thread independence cannot be guaranteed by the programmer/compiler. Alternatively, the helper threads (HT) execution model has been proposed where subordinate threads are executed in parallel with a main thread in order to improve the execution efficiency (i.e., ILP) of the latter. Yet another execution model, runahead execution (RA), has also been proposed where subordinate versions of the main thread are dynamically created especially to cope with long-latency operations, again with the aim of improving the execution efficiency of the main thread.
3. Maximum Likelihood Density Estimation (1990)

3.1. Maximum Likelihood Estimators In this chapter we return to the classical maximum likelihood estimation procedure discussed in Chapter 2. We establish general existence and uniqueness results for the finite dimensional case, show that several popular estimators are maximum likelihood estimators, and, finally, show that the infinite dimensional case is essentially meaningless. This latter fact serves to motivate the maximum penalized likelihood density estimation procedures that will be presented in Chapter 4.
System-Level Power Management Using Online Learning (2009)

In this paper, we propose a novel online-learning algorithm for system-level power management. We formulate both dynamic power management (DPM) and dynamic voltage-frequency scaling problems as one of workload characterization and selection and solve them using our algorithm. The selection is done among a set of experts, which refers to a set of DPM policies and voltage-frequency settings, leveraging the fact that different experts outperform each other under different workloads and device leakage characteristics. The online-learning algorithm adapts to changes in the characteristics and guarantees fast convergence to the best-performing expert. In our evaluation, we perform experiments on a hard disk drive (HDD) and Intel PXA27x core (CPU) with real-life workloads. Our results show that our algorithm adapts really well and achieves an overall performance comparable to the best-performing expert at any point in time, with energy savings as high as 61% and 49% for HDD and CPU, respectively. Moreover, it is extremely lightweight and has negligible overhead.
Synthetic Studies on Indoles and Related Compounds. XXXIX. New Strategy for Indole Synthesis from Ethyl Pyrrole-2-carboxylate. (1996)

As a synthetic application of the previously reported C4-acylation of ethyl pyrrole-2-carboxylate (1), a new strategy for indole synthesis was developed. Ethyl pyrrole-2-carboxylate (1) was allowed to react with succinic anhydride or 3-methoxycarbonylpropionyl chloride to give, in good yield, a C4-succinyl derivative of 1, which was converted into ethyl 7-oxo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydroindole-2-carboxylate (6) as a key intermediate for indole synthesis. Starting from 6, several indoles functionalized on the benzene moiety were synthesized.
Phase-shifting digital holography with a low-coherence light source for reconstruction of a digital relief object hidden behind a light-scattering medium (2006)

Hiding image data with a light-scattering medium is effective as a basic data protection technique. The hidden image data can be observed only by using a low-coherence interference technique and is thus protected from unauthorized access. Unlike an intensity-distributed object, a digital relief object has no intensity distribution, making it possible to hide its existence by using a dilute light-scattering medium. To reconstruct the digital relief object through the light-scattering medium, we developed phase-shifting digital holography with a low-coherence light source. The experimental performance, including the spatial resolution and phase error of the reconstructed image, is estimated.
Geometry constrained sparse coding for single image super-resolution (2012)

The choice of the over-complete dictionary that sparsely represents data is of prime importance for sparse coding-based image super-resolution. Sparse coding is a typical unsupervised learning method to generate an over-complete dictionary. However, most of the sparse coding methods for image super-resolution fail to simultaneously consider the geometrical structure of the dictionary and corresponding coefficients, which may result in noticeable super-resolution reconstruction artifacts. In this paper, a novel sparse coding method is proposed to preserve the geometrical structure of the dictionary and the sparse coefficients of the data. Moreover, the proposed method can preserve the incoherence of dictionary entries, which is critical for sparse representation. Inspired by the development on non-local self-similarity and manifold learning, the proposed sparse coding method can provide the sparse coefficients and learned dictionary from a new perspective, which have both reconstruction and discrimination properties to enhance the learning performance. Extensive experimental results on image super-resolution have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel Carbapenem ‐ Potassium (5R,6R)‐1,1‐Difluoro‐2‐phenyl‐6‐(1R‐hydroxyethyl)‐carbapen‐2‐em‐3‐carboxylate (I). The Use of a New N‐Protecting Group in β‐Lactam Synthesis. (1987)

Abstract Potassium (5R,6R)‐1,1‐Difluoro‐2‐phenyl‐6‐(1R‐ hydroxyethyl)‐carbapen‐2‐em‐3‐carboxylate (I).
Ethyl (N-phenylcarbamoyl)azoformate (1990)

C 10 H 11 N 3 O 3 cristallise dans P2 1 /c avec a=10,032, b=11,352, c=9,685 A, β=93,81 o , Z=4; affinement jusqu'a R=0,044. Le groupe azoformamide est plan a 0,03 A pres. Il n'y a pas de liaison hydrogene interne; les molecules, apparentees par l'axe de glissement c, sont liees par des liaisons hydrogene N−H...O et N...O=2,883 A
Performance Comparison of Low-Complexity Detection Schemes for V-BLAST Coded MIMO-OFDM (2006)

The combination of vertical Bell Laboratories layered space-time (V-BLAST) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a promising solution for realizing spectral efficient transmission in scattered environments and overcoming the frequency-selective fading in broadband radio channels. The Exhaustive Detection of V-BLAST OFDM, which applies the same detection on individual subcarriers, can lead to satisfying performance at the cost of complexity. In addressing the complexity issue, two low-complexity detection schemes [8][9] are proposed. Both of them are based on the subcarrier grouping and apply the same detection order to the whole group. The nulling vectors are calculated by Gram-Schmidt Orthonormalization (GSO) of the channel matrix at individual subcarriers. We compare the performance of these two detection schemes for 4x4 and 6x6 system. Compared with Exhaustive Detection, both low-complexity detection schemes can significantly reduce the complexity with marginal performance penalty. The scheme [8] has even lower complexity than the scheme [9]. For a 6x6 system, the scheme [8] can reduce 91.3% complexity with only l.OdB performance loss.
Adaptive coherent optical receiver array (1990)

A linear four element adaptive heterodyne optical receiver array employing semiconductor lasers is described. The array adaptively adjusts the phase of each subaperture IF signal to correct for wavefront tilt and distortion and non-uniform optical and RF path delays across the array by phase-locking each channel to a reference channel.
Case 21-1989 (1989)

Presentation of CaseA newborn girl was admitted to the hospital because of respiratory distress, muscular hypotonia, and cutaneous vesicles.The child was born at full term by a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery and was the second child of a 29-year-old mother. The pregnancy was complicated by hyperemesis during the first trimester, which required hospital admission for rehydration; at four months of pregnancy a herpetic lesion on the mother's buttock yielded herpes simplex virus, Type II, on culture; no genital lesions were detected. Delivery occurred 1 1/2 hours after artificial rupture of membranes. The birth weight was 3.94 kg. At . . .
Angioscopy-Assisted In-Situ Saphenous Vein Bypass (1992)

In recent years considerable interest has been directed toward in-situ saphe nous vein arterial bypass as the best method of revascularization. But this pro cedure requires adequate exposure of the saphenous vein to allow valve incision and venous branch ligation. The authors used a LeMaitre valvulotome to find the superficial venous branches under direct angioscopy assistance. They found this procedure ideal for performing in-situ venous bypass surgery, for the following reasons: (1) It is a simple, time-saving technical procedure. (2) Small skin incisions have caused no problems with postoperative healing. (3) It is easy to locate competent or nondisrupted valves, perforators, and branches. (4) There is a decreased rate of arteriovenous fistulas after in-situ vein bypass graft.
Microwave Sintering of Ceramics, Composites and Metallic Materials, and Melting of Glasses (2006)

Though microwaves have been in use for many applications for over 60 years, their application in ceramic processing involving synthesis, sintering, melting, joining, surface modifications, etc, has developed only in the last twenty years. Microwave materials processing is recognized for many advantages, namely, substantial reduction in cycle time resulting in large energy savings, selective and volumetric heating, providing fine microstructures, improved mechanical properties, and eco-friendliness. In the last two decades, various researchers have worked with a variety of traditional and advanced ceramics such as alumina, zirconia. hydroxyapatites, transparent ceramics, electroceramics, ceramic superconductors, glass-ceramics, non-oxide ceramics including Si3N4, AIN, SiC and WC/Co, etc. In all of these materials, substantial improvements in their properties over conventional products, as well as enhancements in the diffusion and reaction kinetics, were reported. Recently, microwave melting of glasses has also been achieved with many advantages over conventional melting.It was generally believed that metals reflect microwaves, and hence cannot be processed in a microwave field like ceramics. However, recently it has been discovered that if the metals are in powder form, they will also absorb microwaves and will get heated very effectively. Almost all metals, including refractory metals (W, Re, Mo, etc), alloys, steels, have now been sintered successfully in 5-15 min. The selective heating feature of microwaves has led to effective brazing and joining of metal parts. Even bulk metals can be heated and melted in a microwave field and the melt can be cast into useful products.
Specifying and Evaluating Quality Metrics for Vision-based Perception Systems (2019)

Robust perception algorithms are a vital ingredient for autonomous systems such as self-driving vehicles. Checking the correctness of perception algorithms such as those based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) is a formidable challenge problem. In this paper, we suggest the use of Timed Quality Temporal Logic (TQTL) as a formal language to express desirable spatio-temporal properties of a perception algorithm processing a video. While perception algorithms are traditionally tested by comparing their performance to ground truth labels, we show how TQTL can be a useful tool to determine quality of perception, and offers an alternative metric that can give useful information, even in the absence of ground truth labels. We demonstrate TQTL monitoring on two popular CNNs: YOLO and SqueezeDet, and give a comparative study of the results obtained for each architecture.
Evaluation of phytic acid utilization by <i>S. cerevisiae</i> strains used in fermentation processes and biomass production (2016)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-studied yeast species used mainly in fermentation processes, bakery, and for SCP (Single Cell Protein) acquisition. The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of phytic acid utilization as one of the hydrolysis processes carried out by yeast. The analysis of 30 yeast strains used in fermentation and for biomass production, that were grown in media containing phytic acid, revealed a high variability in the biomass production rate and the capability to hydrolyze phytates. No correlation between a high biomass concentration and a high level of phytate hydrolysis was found. Only four analyzed strains (Bayanus IOC Efficience, Sano, PINK EXCEL, FINAROME) were able to reduce the phytic acid concentration by more than 33.5%, from the initial concentration 103.0 ± 2.1 μg/ml to the level below 70 μg/ml. The presented results suggest that the selected wine and fodder yeast can be used as in situ source of phosphohydrolases in fermentation processes, and especially in the production of fodder proteins. However, further studies aimed at the optimization of growing parameters, such as the maximization of phytase secretion, and a comprehensive analysis of the catalytic activity of the isolated phosphohydrolases, are necessary.
Extending the Applicability of Chemical EOR in High Salinity, High Temperature & Fractured Carbonate Reservoir Through Viscoelastic Surfactants (2014)

Abstract Carbonate reservoirs possess the greatest challenge for chemical EOR methods. The challenges limiting the applicability of chemical EOR in carbonate reservoirs are the harsh reservoir conditions and the presence of fractures. Harsh conditions include high salinity, hardness and temperature. These conditions make most of the conventional surfactants and polymers ineffective. Fractures in carbonate reservoir provide the easy conduit for injected slugs to break through the production wells, thereby reducing the sweep efficiency drastically. Thus the carbonate reservoirs are not the best candidate for chemical EOR methods. Viscoelastic surfactant (VES) is the self-assembling surfactant that contributes to displacement and sweep efficiency through the formation of wormlike micelles (WLM). WLM can generate higher viscosity especially at the harsh conditions. The positive impact of VES towards salinity, hardness and temperature could favor its applicability as an EOR fluid. Elastic nature of VES could block the fractures. Three different Viscoelastic surfactants (Ethomin, Armovis and Aquadat) are screened based on WLM growth and IFT. The optimum VES is chosen then. The optimum VES is studied at various concentrations. Surfactants and polymers are added to VES forming S/VES and VES/P system. High Viscosity meant for mobility control and low IFT meant for oil mobilization are the two important parameters which any formulation in chemical EOR is desired for. Hence, ViscosistyIFT ratio of VES, S/VES and VES/P systems are studied individually with sea water of 57000 ppm at the temperature of 70°C. The potential formulation is reported. The potential of VES as the diversion fluid is also studied. Results indicated that Armovis could endure the harsh conditions among the three VES studied. VES system performs better followed by VES/P. VES can be a potential diversion agent.
Human placental stem cells: biomedical potential and clinical relevance. (2011)

Emerging evidence shows that different adult tissues of the human body harbour small amounts of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which have the potential to give a rise to all cell types of the specific tissue in which they reside. These cells were found in human adult bone marrow, muscle, fat, brain, cartilage, dental pulp, etc. Depending on the type of host tissue as well as age and state of the donor's health, the plasticity of MSCs can vary considerably. Previously accomplished research efforts have shown that adult MSCs have a broad therapeutic potential due to their ability to differentiate towards multiple adult cell types under appropriate conditions. This unique property characterizes adult MSCs as potential candidates for biomedical and clinical applications. In the last decade human extra-embryonic tissues (placenta, amniotic membranes, and umbilical cord) as well as human placental fluids (amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood), were also defined as sources of MSCs, which represents a great interest for the biomedical applications. Human placenta is a feto-maternal organ which works as a natural barrier between mother and foetus and playing a crucial role for the nutrition and immune-tolerance during the whole period of the fetal development. Anatomically, the placenta can be divided in four regions: amniotic epithelial, amniotic mesenchymal, chorionic mesenchymal and chorionic trophoblastic. Immunomodulatory properties of human placenta as well as the clinical applicability of such placental parts as amniotic membranes for wound healing, treatment of burns, and reconstruction of the oral cavity, will be described. Due to the specific structure and functions of placenta, human extra-embryonic MSCs represent stem cell types which combine some properties of pluripotent embryonic stem cells with other properties of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Due to the close ontogenic relationship to embryonic stem cells, MSCs derived from different placental regions as well as from amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood have immunoprivileged characteristics, posses a broader plasticity, and proliferate faster than adult MSCs. Moreover, the human placenta is normally discarded after birth, and cells can be isolated avoiding any ethical concerns. In this review we summarize and discuss different aspects of development, ontogenetic properties, plasticity, and immunomodulatory characteristics of MSCs from different placental regions as well as from amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood. In addition the potential of placental MSCs for biomedical and clinical applications are discussed.
Blockchain for Security of Cloud-Based Online Auction (2019)

Online auction is one of the most successful internet business models. However, auction fraud has become the highest threat and hazard to the future of this business model. The blockchain provides a new perspective to resolve this problem. It can be used for current financial services, certificates, remittances, and online payments; meanwhile it also provides several crucial services such as smart contract, smart property, trust system, and security services. This chapter discusses how to apply blockchain to a cloud-based online auction and the principle of operation. The purpose is to fundamentally solve the problem of online fraud caused by information asymmetry of electronic transactions. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that the blockchain has been applied to authentication of online auction. The preliminary contribution is for preventing auction fraud from the aspects of smart properties and smart contract.
Automatic Ranking of Iconic Images (2007)

We define an iconic image for an object category (e.g. eiffel tower) as an image with a large clearly delineated instance of the object in a characteristic aspect. We show that for a variety of objects such iconic images exist and argue that these are the images most relevant to that category. Given a large set of images noisily labeled with a common theme, say a Flickr tag, we show how to rank these images according to how well they represent a visual category. We also generate a binary segmentation for each image indicating roughly where the subject is located. The segmentation procedure is learned from data on a small set of iconic images from a few training categories and then applied to several other test categories. We rank the segmented test images according to shape and appearance similarity against a set of 5 hand-labeled images per category. We compute three rankings of the data: a random ranking of the images
Prognostic Significance of Brachial Flow-Mediated Vasodilation (2007)

here is currently much research devoted to the study of vascular biology in intact humans. These efforts aim to translate findings from the basic science arena to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and its complications. Markers of vascular risk have been used as surrogate end points in treatment studies. More recently, long-term studies have emerged that speak to the prognostic significance of these novel markers with a goal of refining risk stratification approaches. C-reactive protein is an excellent example of such a marker, with many others being evaluated.
Dialkylierung in Gegenwart von 1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐en (1976)

Abstract CH‐aktive Verbindungen 2 lassen sich in Gegenwart von 1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.O]undec‐7‐en (1) mit den aliphatischen Bromiden 3 glatt dialkylieren. Die Reaktion ist auf Dihalogenverbindungen übertragbar und führt zu den Cycloalkylverbindungen 5 und 6 sowie zu den Cyclopentenylverbindungen 7. Äthylentetracarbonsäure‐tetraathylester entsteht analog aus Malonsäurediathylester und Dibrommalonsäurediathylester.
Therapeutic Modulation of Prostate Cancer Metastasis (2014)

Targeting prostate cancer metastasis has very high therapeutic potential. Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death among men in the USA, and death results from the development of metastatic disease. In order to metastasize, cancer cells must complete a series of steps that together constitute the metastatic cascade. Each step therefore offers the opportunity for therapeutic targeting. However, practical limitations have served as limiting roadblocks to successfully targeting the metastatic cascade. They include our still-emerging understanding of the underlying biology, as well as the fact that many of the dysregulated processes have critical functionality in otherwise normal cells. We provide a discussion of the underlying biology, as it relates to therapeutic targeting. Therapeutic inroads are rapidly being made, and we present a series of case studies to highlight key points. Finally, future perspectives related to drug discovery for antimetastatic agents are discussed.