gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deletion of Tet2 in mice leads to dysregulated hematopoietic stem cells and subsequent development of myeloid malignancies (2011)

TET2 is mutated/deleted with high frequencies in multiple forms of myeloid malignancies including MDS, CMML, MPN, and AML. However, little is known regarding the biological function of TET2 and its role in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies. To study the function of TET2 in vivo, we generated a Tet2 knock out mouse model. Deletion of Tet2 in mice led to dramatic reduction in the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels and concomitant increase in the 5-methylcytosine levels in the genomic DNA of BM cells. The Tet2(-/-) mice contained an increased Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+) (LSK) cell pool before the development of myeloid malignancies. A competitive reconstitution assay revealed that Tet2(-/-) LSK cells had an increased hematopoietic repopulating capacity with an altered cell differentiation skewing toward monocytic/granulocytic lineages. Approximately 1/3 of Tet2(-/-) and 8% of Tet2(+/-) mice died within 1 year of age because of the development of myeloid malignancies resembling characteristics of CMML, MPD-like myeloid leukemia, and MDS. Furthermore, transplantation of Tet2(-/-), but not wild-type (WT) or Tet2(+/-) BM cells, led to increased WBC counts, monocytosis, and splenomegaly in WT recipient mice. These data indicate that Tet2-deficient mice recapitulate patients with myeloid malignancies, implying that Tet2 functions as a tumor suppressor to maintain hematopoietic cell homeostasis.
Solvent Evaporation, Crystallization (1995)

This chapter contains sections titled: Basic Concept and Processing Modes of Crystallization Crystallization from a Solution Crystallization from a Melt Crystallization from a Vapor Phase, Sublimation and Desublimation
Status of SOFC Development in Japan (1993)

Many companies in several industries are interested in developing solid oxide fuel cells. Over ten companies have performed the development under the financial support of New Energy Development Organization, Petroleum Energy Center, or some utility companies of electric power and gas, and other companies by themselves. In the Moonlight Project conducted by NEDO, the first phase was carried out in 1989–1991 and the second phase of a 6 year program started in 1992fy. PEC has conducted a 5 year program since 1990. Basic research on component materials, reactivity of the materials and kinetics and mechanism on the electrodes has been performed at several universities and national laboratories.
Reversibly Cross-Linking Amino-Polysiloxanes by Simple Triatomic Molecules. Facile Methods for Tuning Thermal, Rheological, and Adhesive Properties (2009)

The physical properties of five siloxane polymers with different types and frequencies of amino functional groups along the polymer side chains have been manipulated from flowing liquids to gels and to rubber-like materials by the simple addition or subtraction of a neutral triatomic molecule, CO2 or CS2, at room temperature. The chemical changes, formation of ammonium carbamates and ammonium dithiocarbamates, create materials whose properties are totally different from those of the parent polymers as a result of the introduction of ionic cross-links. These materials can be returned to their original forms by heating (in the case of the CO2 adducts) or to their protonated original forms by treatment with an acid (in the case of the CO2 and CS2 adducts). Heating the ammonium dithiocarbamates leads to loss of H2S and permanent (covalent) thiourea cross-links between the polymer chains. The new materials adhere strongly to other surfaces and can be swelled to several times their original volumes by different liquids. The rheological, swelling, and physical properties of the new materials have been correlated with the structures of the original polymers to provide a comprehensive picture of how changes at the nanometric length scale are translated to macroscopic changes. At least for the polysiloxanes examined here, the properties of the adducts do not correlate with the molecular weights of the original polymers, but do with the frequency of amino groups. The results demonstrate a simple, new method to cross-link polysiloxanes (and, in principle, a wide range of other polymers), transforming them into materials with totally different and potentially commercially useful properties.
Large-scale experimental studies show unexpected amino acid effects on protein expression and solubility in vivo in E. coli (2011)

The biochemical and physical factors controlling protein expression level and solubility in vivo remain incompletely characterized. To gain insight into the primary sequence features influencing these outcomes, we performed statistical analyses of results from the high-throughput protein-production pipeline of the Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium. Proteins expressed in E. coli and consistently purified were scored independently for expression and solubility levels. These parameters nonetheless show a very strong positive correlation. We used logistic regressions to determine whether they are systematically influenced by fractional amino acid composition or several bulk sequence parameters including hydrophobicity, sidechain entropy, electrostatic charge, and predicted backbone disorder. Decreasing hydrophobicity correlates with higher expression and solubility levels, but this correlation apparently derives solely from the beneficial effect of three charged amino acids, at least for bacterial proteins. In fact, the three most hydrophobic residues showed very different correlations with solubility level. Leu showed the strongest negative correlation among amino acids, while Ile showed a slightly positive correlation in most data segments. Several other amino acids also had unexpected effects. Notably, Arg correlated with decreased expression and, most surprisingly, solubility of bacterial proteins, an effect only partially attributable to rare codons. However, rare codons did significantly reduce expression despite use of a codon-enhanced strain. Additional analyses suggest that positively but not negatively charged amino acids may reduce translation efficiency in E. coli irrespective of codon usage. While some observed effects may reflect indirect evolutionary correlations, others may reflect basic physicochemical phenomena. We used these results to construct and validate predictors of expression and solubility levels and overall protein usability, and we propose new strategies to be explored for engineering improved protein expression and solubility.
A high performance copy network for B-ISDN (1991)

A high-performance copy network, which supports multicast fast packet switching in the broadband integrated services digital network (B-ISDN), is proposed. The network uses a banyan multistage interconnection network (MIN) with speedup and requires no intermediate buffering. It has been recognized that the copying process is, in general, a difficult one. Two important design issues, namely, obtaining multiple copies of packets and assigning destination addresses of the copies, are pursued. A solution to these issues by developing a novel two-phase copying process is presented. An analytical performance model with a special structure of Markov chains, called a branching process, is formulated. Numerical results using this model for a constant number of copies as well as for a geometrically distributed number of copies show that the proposed copy network achieves very low packet blocking probability. Simulation results are provided to confirm the analytical model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Peptide enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA) as a possible alternative to the neutralization test for evaluating the immune response to IBV vaccine (2021)

Abstract Background Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, is one of the most important poultry pathogens worldwide due to its multiple serotypes and poor cross-protection. Vaccination plays a vital role in controlling the disease. The efficacy of vaccination in chicken flocks can be evaluated by detecting neutralizing antibodies with the neutralization test. However there are no simple and rapid methods for detecting the neutralizing antibodies. Results In this study, a peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA) as a possible alternative to the neutralization test for evaluating the immune response to IBV vaccine was developed. The pELISA could indirect evaluate neutralizing antibody titers against different types of IBV in all tested sera. The titers measured with the pELISA had a coefficient of 0.83 for neutralizing antibody titers. Conclusions The pELISA could detect antibodies against different types of IBV in all tested sera. The pELISA has the potential to evaluate samples for IBV-specific neutralizing antibodies and surveillance the infection of IBV.
Visualizing topology in self-organizing management overlays (2004)

With the desire towards ad-hoc collaboration across organizations, specifically fostered by grids, static, well-known and preconfigured management topologies are becoming hard to maintain. Dynamic topology creation and exploration is needed when new collaborations are established. Topology across organizational domain is also called management overlay. Algorithms are needed that can self-organize topology, as well as algorithms that can render and update the layout for visualizing topology information presenting management information on operator consoles. Changes constantly occurring in an ad-hoc topology need to be updated and presented accordingly. We discuss ad-hoc topologies and impact on management systems. Our work is based on experiments with various algorithms with self-organizing capabilities and hyperbolic visualization techniques for visualizing ad-hoc topologies for management overlays.
Intravesical Immunotherapy of Superficial Bladder Cancer with Chitosan/Interleukin-12 (2009)

Intravesical BCG has been used successfully to treat superficial bladder cancer for three decades. However, 20% to 30% of patients will fail initial BCG therapy and 30% to 50% of patients will develop recurrent tumors within 5 years. Alternative or complementary strategies for the management of superficial bladder cancer are needed. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent T(H)1 cytokine with robust antitumor activity and the ability to potentiate immunologic memory. Unfortunately, intravesical IL-12 did not show antitumor efficacy in a recent clinical study of patients with recurrent superficial bladder cancer. We hypothesized that coformulation of IL-12 with chitosan, a biocompatible, mucoadhesive polysaccharide, could improve intravesical IL-12 delivery and provide an effective and durable alternative for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. In antitumor studies, 88% to 100% of mice bearing orthotopic bladder tumors were cured after four intravesical treatments with chitosan/IL-12. In contrast, only 38% to 60% of mice treated with IL-12 alone and 0% treated with BCG were cured. Antitumor responses following chitosan/IL-12 treatments were durable and provided complete protection from intravesical tumor rechallenge. Urinary cytokine analysis showed that chitosan/IL-12 induced multiple T(H)1 cytokines at levels significantly higher than either IL-12 alone or BCG. Immunohistochemistry revealed moderate to intense tumor infiltration by T cells and macrophages following chitosan/IL-12 treatments. Bladder submucosa from cured mice contained residual populations of immune cells that returned to baseline levels after several months. Intravesical chitosan/IL-12 is a well-tolerated, effective immunotherapy that deserves further consideration for testing in humans for the management of superficial bladder cancer.
Risks of the Minimal Access Approach for Laparoscopic Surgery: Multivariate Analysis of Morbidity Related to Umbilical Trocar Insertion (1997)

The objective of this study was to determine the morbidity associated with trocar and needle insertion for laparoscopic surgery and to identify risk factors for complications. Data from a prospectively collected database of all laparoscopic operations performed at a major teaching hospital over a 4-year period were analyzed. In 203 patients closed laparoscopy (Veress needle plus blind trocar insertion) was used to establish the pneumoperitoneum. Open laparoscopy with a Hasson's trocar was performed in 200 patients. A total of 1206 operative trocars were inserted (mean +/- SD 2.99 +/- 0.4). Sixty-nine percutaneous punctures for cholangiography or liver biopsy were carried out. Of the 403 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, 20 (3%) had developed complications specifically related to the access to the abdominal cavity after a minimum follow-up of 3 months, abdominal wall hematoma being the most frequent (n = 8, 2.0%), followed by umbilical hernias (n = 6, 1.5%) and umbilical wound infection (n = 5; 1.2%). The rate of penetrating injuries was 0.2% (n = 1). Of 20 complications, 15 (75%) were related to the umbilical insertion site. Female sex and closed laparoscopy were associated with umbilical morbidity by univariate analysis. In a multivariate analysis, closed laparoscopy was the only factor associated with these complications (odds ratio = 6.0; p = 0.04). Age, gender, obesity, diabetes mellitus, previous abdominal surgery, and the specific procedure had no influence. In conclusion, gaining access to the peritoneal cavity for laparoscopic surgery may cause severe complications, most of which are related to the umbilical trocar. Although closed laparoscopy can be safely used, open laparoscopy is associated with a lower morbidity rate; therefore its utilization is recommended.
New chiral bicyclic phosphoramides derived from (L)-glutamic acid (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew chiral bicyclic phosphoramides derived from (L)-glutamic acidJean Francois Peyronel, Odile Samuel, and Jean Claude FiaudCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 24, 5320–5325Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00233a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00233a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views780Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Using a New LaGaO3 Based Oxide Ion Conductor: I. Doped as a New Cathode Material (1998)

‐based perovskite oxides doped with Sr and Mg exhibit high ionic conductivity over a wide range of oxygen partial pressure. In this study, the stability of ‐based oxide was investigated. The ‐based oxide was found to be very stable in reducing, oxidizing, and atmospheres. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) using ‐based perovskite‐type oxide as the electrolyte were studied for use in intermediate‐temperature SOFCs. The power‐generation characteristics of cells were strongly affected by the electrodes. Both Ni and (Ln:rare earth) were suitable for use as anode and cathode, respectively. Rare‐earth cations in the Ln site of the Co‐based perovskite cathode also had a significant effect on the power‐generation characteristics. In particular, a high power density could be attained in the temperature range 973–1273 K by using a doped for the cathode. Among the examined alkaline earth cations, Sr‐doped exhibits the smallest cathodic overpotential resulting in the highest power density. The electrical conductivity of increased with increasing Sr doped into the Sm site and attained a maximum at . The cathodic overpotential and internal resistance of the cell exhibited almost the opposite dependence on the amount of doped Sr. Consequently, the power density of the cell was a maximum when was used as the cathode. For this cell, the maximum power density was as high as 0.58 W/cm2 at 1073 K, even though a 0.5 mm thick electrolyte was used. This study revealed that a ‐based oxide for electrolyte and a ‐based oxide for the cathode are promising components for SOFCs operating at intermediate temperature.
Application of a Two-Dimensional Hadamard Encoding Mask for the Imaging of Thin-Layer Chromatography Plates by Laser-Induced Fluorescence or Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and for Use with a Photoacoustic Detector to Generate Three-Dimensional Photoacoustic Images (1993)

Spatial imaging of thin-layer chromatography plates using laser-induced fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering has been accomplished with a stationary two-dimensional Hadamard encoding mask. Detection of three nanograms of pararosaniline hydrochloride on a thin-layer chromatography plate was made possible by means of the surface-enhanced Raman phenomenon. The imaging capabilities of the stationary two-dimensional Hadamard encoding mask coupled with the depth profiling ability of photoacoustic detection allows for the three-dimensional photoacoustic imaging of a multiple analyte sample.
Etudes indochinoises (1911)

Huber Edouard. Etudes indochinoises. In: Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient. Tome 11, 1911. pp. 1-24.
Brain lithium, <i>N</i>‐acetyl aspartate and <i>myo</i>‐inositol levels in older adults with bipolar disorder treated with lithium: a lithium‐7 and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study (2008)

Our findings of a relationship between higher brain lithium levels and elevated NAA levels in older adult subjects with BD may support previous evidence of lithium's neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and mitochondrial function-enhancing effects. Elevated myo-Ino related to elevated brain lithium levels may reflect increased inositol monophosphatase (IMPase) activity, which would lead to an increase in myo-Ino levels. This is the first study to demonstrate alterations in NAA and myo-Ino in a sample of older adults with BD treated with lithium.
KinectFaceDB: A Kinect Database for Face Recognition (2014)

The recent success of emerging RGB-D cameras such as the Kinect sensor depicts a broad prospect of 3-D data-based computer applications. However, due to the lack of a standard testing database, it is difficult to evaluate how the face recognition technology can benefit from this up-to-date imaging sensor. In order to establish the connection between the Kinect and face recognition research, in this paper, we present the first publicly available face database (i.e., KinectFaceDB <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> ) based on the Kinect sensor. The database consists of different data modalities (well-aligned and processed 2-D, 2.5-D, 3-D, and video-based face data) and multiple facial variations. We conducted benchmark evaluations on the proposed database using standard face recognition methods, and demonstrated the gain in performance when integrating the depth data with the RGB data via score-level fusion. We also compared the 3-D images of Kinect (from the KinectFaceDB) with the traditional high-quality 3-D scans (from the FRGC database) in the context of face biometrics, which reveals the imperative needs of the proposed database for face recognition research.
Understanding code containing preprocessor constructs (2002)

Understanding, debugging, and maintaining software is a costly and difficult task. The difficulties are exacerbated in programs written to take advantage of preprocessing facilities. This paper examines problems associated with source code containing preprocessor constructs-i.e. included files, conditional compilation and macros. We define the useful mappings from tokens in the preprocessor's output to the source file(s), and propose that by capturing these correspondences, an internal program representation can be built which allows for the use of maintenance techniques including program slicing, ripple analysis and dicing. The method presented is generic; to illustrate that the technique is feasible, we discuss ANSI C preprocessor constructs-in particular, macro substitution-and explain the modus developed to handle them in GHINSU-an integrated maintenance environment for ANSI C programs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design and analysis of multi-coset arrays (2013)

An efficient sparse antenna array architecture is developed for coherent imaging of sparse but otherwise unknown scenes. In this architecture, the array elements form a periodic nonuniform pattern. Using analysis that explicitly takes into account the presence of noise, we develop an efficient pattern design procedure based on co-arrays, describe an efficient scene support recovery algorithm as part of image reconstruction in the form of a modification to the MUSIC algorithm, and discuss a failure detection technique based on evaluating “back-projection” error. Since our development exploits a close connection to multi-coset sampling of bandlimited waveforms, our results may in turn may also be useful in the design of those systems.
Channel selective diversity for DTV mobile reception with adaptive beamforming (2005)

A channel selective diversity technique with adaptive beamforming is proposed for the efficient reception of 8-vestigial sideband (VSB) digital television (DTV) broadcasting in mobile environments. Although severe fading can be overcome with array antenna systems, a sufficient number of antenna elements are required, which has physical limitations. In addition, a multipath spatially adjacent to the mainpath can significantly degrade the performance of array systems. Accordingly, to overcome these problems, this paper proposes channel selective diversity for choosing the optimum path a long with a cascaded equalizer. To increase the confidence of channel estimation, a channel estimation method is also presented that combines the auto-correlation, cross-correlation, and spatial spectrum techniques. Computer simulations confirm the advantage of the proposed algorithm for 8-VSB DTV in mobile channels.