gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Yeast 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent Protein Kinase-1 (PDK1) Orthologs Pkh1–3 Differentially Regulate Phosphorylation of Protein Kinase A (PKA) and the Protein Kinase B (PKB)/S6K Ortholog Sch9 (2011)

Pkh1, -2, and -3 are the yeast orthologs of mammalian 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1). Although essential for viability, their functioning remains poorly understood. Sch9, the yeast protein kinase B and/or S6K ortholog, has been identified as one of their targets. We now have shown that in vitro interaction of Pkh1 and Sch9 depends on the hydrophobic PDK1-interacting fragment pocket in Pkh1 and requires the complementary hydrophobic motif in Sch9. We demonstrated that Pkh1 phosphorylates Sch9 both in vitro and in vivo on its PDK1 site and that this phosphorylation is essential for a wild type cell size. In vivo phosphorylation on this site disappeared during nitrogen deprivation and rapidly increased again upon nitrogen resupplementation. In addition, we have shown here for the first time that the PDK1 site in protein kinase A is phosphorylated by Pkh1 in vitro, that this phosphorylation is Pkh-dependent in vivo and occurs during or shortly after synthesis of the protein kinase A catalytic subunits. Mutagenesis of the PDK1 site in Tpk1 abolished binding of the regulatory subunit and cAMP dependence. As opposed to PDK1 site phosphorylation of Sch9, phosphorylation of the PDK1 site in Tpk1 was not regulated by nitrogen availability. These results bring new insight into the control and prevalence of PDK1 site phosphorylation in yeast by Pkh protein kinases.
Pergolide Is an Inhibitor of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels, Including Kv1.5, and Causes Pulmonary Vasoconstriction (2005)

Pergolide causes Kv channel inhibition and, despite being from a different class of drugs, has pulmonary vascular effects reminiscent of dexfenfluramine. Coupled with their shared proclivity to induce CLHVD, these findings suggest that clinical monitoring for pergolide-induced PAH should be considered.
Biochemical and Phylogenetic Analyses of a Cold-Active β-Galactosidase from the Lactic Acid Bacterium <i>Carnobacterium piscicola</i> BA (1999)

We are investigating glycosyl hydrolases from new psychrophilic isolates to examine the adaptations of enzymes to low temperatures. A beta-galactosidase from isolate BA, which we have classified as a strain of the lactic acid bacterium Carnobacterium piscicola, was capable of hydrolyzing the chromogen 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) at 4 degrees C and possessed higher activity in crude cell lysates at 25 than at 37 degrees C. Sequence analysis of a cloned DNA fragment encoding this activity revealed a gene cluster containing three glycosyl hydrolases with homology to an alpha-galactosidase and two beta-galactosidases. The larger of the two beta-galactosidase genes, bgaB, encoded the 76.8-kDa cold-active enzyme. This gene was homologous to family 42 glycosyl hydrolases, a group which contains several thermophilic enzymes but none from lactic acid bacteria. The bgaB gene from isolate BA was subcloned in Escherichia coli, and its enzyme, BgaB, was purified. The purified enzyme was highly unstable and required 10% glycerol to maintain activity. Its optimal temperature for activity was 30 degrees C, and it was inactivated at 40 degrees C in 10 min. The K(m) of freshly purified enzyme at 30 degrees C was 1.7 mM, and the V(max) was 450 micromol. min(-1). mg(-1) with o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside. This cold-active enzyme is interesting because it is homologous to a thermophilic enzyme from Bacillus stearothermophilus, and comparisons could provide information about structural features important for activity at low temperatures.
Who Is That Guy on the $10 Bill? (2000)

Alexander Hamilton is the least known and most misunderstood of our nation's founders. His contributions include creating a monetary standard, establishing our banking system, and ensuring the young nation's creditworthiness. This Economic Commentary explains how much of our financial strength we owe to Hamilton.
갈등에 대한 개념 분석 (2000)

Communicating with others others forms one of fundamental factors in human life. We experience conflicts while the communication occurs. Conflicts may have influences on human life in two different ways. One may be a negative one while the other is positive one. If conflicts is solved in a positive way, it would help each individual grow or get developed further. It is inevitable for human beings, as members of society, to avoid conflicts in their normal life. People cannot upgrade their relationship without solving conflicts. This research is to provide people and society with better understanding about the concept of conflict by analysing its nature and causes. The attributes of conflict can be described as follows : 1. Conflict works as an obstacle in relationship, which destroys communication or trust in human life. Thus it must be solved. 2. Conflict is an essential factor in relationship and performs an important role in human behavior. Thus it must be promoted. 3. Conflict motivates people to explore their ego. Thus it must be encouraged.
Chromatic dispersion monitoring using coherent detection and tone power measurement (2009)

We propose a CD monitoring technique in coherent systems by measuring the power of an RF tone from the mixing of RZ-OOK signal with a sinusoidally modulated LO laser. Positive and negative dispersion distinction with variable ranges and sensitivity can be obtained by changing the LO modulation frequency.
Translating the Chronic Care Model Into the Community (2006)

These results suggest that implementing the CCM in the community is effective in improving clinical and behavioral outcomes in patients with diabetes.
Comparison of Radial Force at Modulating Pieces in Coaxial Magnetic Gear and Magnetic Geared Machine (2018)

Unlike the coaxial magnetic gear (CMG), the magnetic geared machine (MGM) has the ac armature winding on the inner part or the outer part. Besides, the PM excitation field of the CMG and the ac armature field of the MGM have different space harmonic components of magnetic field from one other. Hence, the flux modulation characteristics in the CMG and the MGM are different, and the resultant magnetic radial forces at the modulating pieces are also occurred differently from one another. Thus, in this paper, first, the flux modulation characteristics of the PM excitation field in the CMG and the ac armature field in the MGM are presented. Second, the characteristics of the magnetic radial forces at the modulating pieces are analyzed, and the causes of the radial force according to the space harmonic components of the magnetic field are compared in the CMG and the MGM.
Residue arithmetic techniques for optical processing of adaptive phased array radars (1986)

Residue arithmetic techniques which can be implemented optically are investigated for applicability to adaptive phased array radar processors. It is shown that neither the bit-serial nor the bit-parallel convolutional methods can compete favorably with emerging digital electronic techniques but that specialized forms of residue arithmetic processors may hold great potential in this area. We present a brief review of the salient features of residue arithmetic and illustrate Gauss reduction of linear systems by a procedure that is amenable to optical implementation. We discuss the details of a direct algorithm based on Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization which allows solution of large linear systems in residue arithmetic without the excessive growth of the principal modulus that is usually encountered in this approach. A pipelined architecture for performing this algorithm is also described.
<i>Ex‐vivo</i> comparison of the haemostatic properties of standard transurethral resection and transurethral vaporization resection of the prostate (2003)

TUVRP ex-vivo was associated with significantly better haemostasis than TURP. The haemostatic properties of different active electrodes for TUVRP seem to be equivalent.
Metal accumulation by bacteria with particular reference to dissimilatory sulphate-reducing bacteria (1976)

Dissimilatory sulphate-reducing bacteria, genera Desulfovibrio and Desulfotomaculum, exhibit a superior ability, over assimilatory organisms, to extract three amounts of metals from culture media. This property does not appear to be solely a function of the presence of H2S. In media containing elevated amounts of Fe, electron dense particles, provisionally identified as FeS, are deposited within the cells of dissimilatory bacteria.
The utilization of bicarbonate ions by the marine microalga <i>Nannochloropsis oculata</i> (Droop) Hibberd (1996)

ABSTRACT HCO 3 − utilization by the marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata was investigated using a pH drift technique in a closed system. Light‐dependent alkalization of the medium resulted in a final pH of 10.5, confirming substantial HCO 3 − use by this alga. Alkalinity remained constant throughout the pH drift. Measurement of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) or the uptake of H 14 CO 3 − showed that nearly 50% of the total DIC remained external to the plasma membrane on completion of a pH drift. The rate of light‐driven alkalization was inhibited by 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylurea (DCMU) and thus was dependent on photosynthesis. Light‐driven alkalization was not inhibited by a membrane‐impermeable inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA), dcxtran‐bound sulphonamide (DBS), indicating that external CA was not involved in HCO 3 − utilization. The anion‐cxchangc inhibitor 4′,4′‐diisothiocyanostilbene‐2,2‐disulphonic acid (DIDS) completely inhibited light‐driven alkalization of the medium and H 14 CO 3 − uptake, providing unequivocal support for a direct uptake of H 14 CO 3 − . Chloride ions were essential for DIC‐dependent photosynthetic oxygen evolution, suggesting that bicarbonate transport occurs by HCO 3 − /CI − exchange.
A Comparative Analysis of the Protein Components of Plasma Membranes Isolated from Differentiated and Undifferentiated Mouse Neuroblastoma Cells in Tissue Culture (1977)

The plasma membranes of the cells of mouse neuroblastoma clone NB41A, were isolated without fixation by hardening procedures and were characterised by their enzyme activities and by their morphology in the light and electron microscopes. The membranes were prepared from two kinds of differentiated monolayer cultures; one in which the cells were induced to form long axon-like processes by the addition of N6,O2'-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-monophosphate to the culture medium, and the other in which the cells were induced to form processes by the addition of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. The proteins from the solubilised membranes were compared with similar preparation from the membranes of undifferentiated cells, grown in suspension, by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, using the incorporation of radioactive amino acids and L-fucose into proteins in the cultures to follow the differences in the patterns of polypeptide synthesis and glycosylation of the membrane proteins. The differentiated cells induced with either inducer show an increased incorporation of L-fucose into two distinct components with molecular weights of 60 000 and 70 000. The two types of induced cells differ from each other in that N6,O2'-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-monophosphate stimulates both glycosylation and protein synthesis, with a relative increase in the low molecular weight proteins, but 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine stimulates mostly increased glycosylation of the membrane proteins.
An in vitro assay to measure antibody-mediated inhibition ofmalaria sporozoite infection. (2016)

A large research effort is currently underway to find an effective and affordable malaria vaccine. Tools that allow the evaluation of the host immune response are essential to vaccine development. This thesis focuses on an assay to evaluate antibody-mediated inhibition of sporozoite infection: the Inhibition of Sporozoite Invasion assay (ISI). ISI measures antibody capacity to prevent sporozoite infection in an in vitro system that reflects the actual infection context. This assay was first described in 1982 by Hollingdale et al., but the assay has been affected by many limitations, particularly time-consuming and subjective microscopy readouts. The recent development of transgenic parasites detectable by flow cytometry (due to the expression of reporter proteins such as GFP) provides a readout which highly increases the throughput of the technique. The objective of this thesis is to further develop the ISI assay and adapt it to evaluate humoral responses in candidate screening and clinical studies. Chapter 1 describes the process to optimise a protocol for a flow cytometry based ISI assay. In Chapter 2, mouse, macaque, and human serum samples (obtained after vaccination with a viral vector vaccine expressing a P. falciparum antigen) were tested using P. berghei transgenic parasites expressing P. falciparum antigens. In studies with mouse samples, the assay proved to be useful comparing the functional capacity of antibodies generated against different antigens and with different vaccination strategies, such as the adjuvant or vaccination dose. A positive increase of antibody functionality after vaccination was shown for some mouse, macaque, and human volunteer samples, and interesting correlations were found for ISI assay data and other antibody assays and clinical data.
Cyclodextrin Ameliorates the Progression of Atherosclerosis via Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Plasma Levels and Anti-inflammatory Effects in Rabbits (2019)

To investigate the therapeutic effects of cyclodextrin on the development of atherosclerosis in rabbits, we evaluated the effects of (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) therapy on the organ coefficient, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits fed a high-fat diet. Our results demonstrated that HPβCD therapy reduced plasma triglyceride levels and inflammatory cytokine levels but increased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. HPβCD therapy produced a significant decrease in the atherosclerotic lesion area and reduced macrophage and collagen content in the lesions. The expression levels of inflammatory genes in aortic plaques were significantly reduced by HPβCD treatment, but the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) in aortic plaques and livers increased significantly. HPβCD therapy may produce additional antiatherosclerotic benefits likely via increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Distribution-Free Distribution Regression (2013)

Distribution regression refers to the situation where a response Y depends on a covariate P where P is a probability distribution. The model is Y=f(P)+e where f is an unknown regression function and e is a random error. Typically, we do not observe P directly, but rather, we observe a sample from P. In this paper we develop theory and methods for distribution-free versions of distribution regression. This means that we do not make strong distributional assumptions about the error term e and covariate P. We prove that when the effective dimension is small enough (as measured by the doubling dimension), then the excess prediction risk converges to zero with a polynomial rate.
The interaction between floating particles (1949)

A quantitative study of the law of force between bubbles floating on a fluid has been made and the results exhibited in the form of a potential energy-distance curve. The main approximations made are that the inclination of the surface of the fluid is small (so that the equations for the surface become linear), and that the submerged portion of the bubble remains spherical. The latter assumption restricts the validity of the results to small bubbles of about 3·0 mm. diameter and less. One object of the work was to determine the size of bubble which simulated most nearly a typical atomic interaction curve. This application arises in connexion with Prof. Bragg's ‘bubble’ model of crystal lattices. Exact simulation cannot be expected, for the bubble model is two-dimensional, and also does not exert forces analogous either to Coulomb repulsion or to the metallic bond. It can be shown, however, that the law of force between bubbles of a particular size is a remarkably close fit to the law of force between inert gas atoms, that is, to an interaction consisting of a van der Waals attraction and a short-range or ‘overlap’ repulsion. Fig. 4 illustrates this point. The two full curves are the energy-distance curves for krypton and argon atoms (plotted from Fowler, Statistical Mechanics , 2nd ed., Chapter x, Table 29). The circles mark the corresponding curve for bubbles with α = 1·0 (i.e. of diameter 3 mm. in soap solution). The units of energy and distance are chosen so as to bring the minimum of each curve to the point (1, − 50). It will be seen that the curves are remarkably similar over the range shown.
Lithium silicate pellets for CO2 capture at high temperature (2013)

In this study, lithium orthosilicate-based pellets were developed and characterized as potential regenarable high-temperature CO2 sorbents. A mechanical method was used for pelletization of the powdered materials, namely K2CO3-doped lithium silicate (Li4SiO4) with cellulose fibres. Different amounts of cellulose fibres (20, 30 and 40 wt%) were added to powered doped-sorbent in order to identify the optimal amount to ensure an adequate porosity to the produced pellets. The CO2 sorption properties of the produced pellets were investigated at high temperature (500 - 600 °C) by using a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) at low CO2 partial pressure with repeated calcination/carbonation cycles. \nCompared to the pure K2CO3-doped lithium silicate pellets, the sorbents prepared using cellulose fibres showed greater CO2 capture capabilities, which were ascribed to the higher porosity developed as a result of thermal degradation of cellulose. At 580 °C and a CO2 partial pressure of 0.04 atm, the uptake of CO2 in pellets prepared with 20 % of cellulose fibres reached about 20 wt% within 120 min corresponding to a Li4SiO4-conversion of 57 %. During multiple sorption/desorption cycles, a decay of the sorption capacity of the pellets was observed due to a partial sintering of the materials. This suggested that an appropriate binder should be added in order to improve the cyclic stability and the strength of the produced pellets.
Optimization of voiced/Unvoiced decisions in nonstationary noise environments (1987)

This paper describes a way of optimizing the autocorrelation method of voiced/unvoiced decision for speech which is heavily degraded by nonstationary ambient noise. Usually a constant threshold is adopted to which the correlation peak value is compared for voiced/ unvoiced decision. The optimal threshold is, however, a function of noise characteristics and the signal-to-noise ratio. This paper presents a method of estimating the probability density function of correlation peak values from noisy speech and also of estimating the optimal threshold based on the expected error rate of the voiced/unvoiced decision. The performance of the proposed method has been tested under various noise characteristics and signal-to-noise ratios. These tests show that the estimated threshold is very close to the true optimal threshold in almost all cases. The proposed method also retains the optimality under slowly time-varying noise conditions, even if no a priori information is given about noise characteristics or noise level.
Microarray-Based Identification of a Novel <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Regulon Controlled by an Autoinduced Peptide (2000)

We have identified in the Streptococcus pneumoniae genome sequence a two-component system (TCS13, Blp [bacteriocin-like peptide]) which is closely related to quorum-sensing systems regulating cell density-dependent phenotypes such as the development of genetic competence or the production of antimicrobial peptides in lactic acid bacteria. In this study we present evidence that TCS13 is a peptide-sensing system that controls a regulon including genes encoding Blps. Downstream of the Blp TCS (BlpH R) we identified open reading frames (blpAB) that have the potential to encode an ABC transporter that is homologous to the ComA/B export system for the competence-stimulating peptide ComC. The putative translation product of blpC, a small gene located downstream of blpAB, has a leader peptide with a Gly-Gly motif. This leader peptide is typical of precursors processed by this family of transporters. Microarray-based expression profiling showed that a synthetic oligopeptide corresponding to the processed form of BlpC (BlpC*) induces a distinct set of 16 genes. The changes in the expression profile elicited by synthetic BlpC* depend on BlpH since insertional inactivation of its corresponding gene abolishes differential gene induction. Comparison of the promoter regions of the blp genes disclosed a conserved sequence element formed by two imperfect direct repeats upstream of extended -10 promoter elements. We propose that BlpH is the sensor for BlpC* and the conserved sequence element is a recognition sequence for the BlpR response regulator.
Toward hierarchical identity-based cryptography for tactical networks (2005)

The nature of the tactical network environment requires using secure, reliable, highly efficient, low delay communication protocols. This is particularly true of cryptographic key management protocols that must be successfully completed prior to the start of sensor and C4ISR communications. One class of cryptographic techniques, noninteractive (i.e., identity-based) cryptosystems, is particularly attractive in this environment since these systems can share a key between tactical network nodes who know the identity of their peer and without exchanging cryptographic information. However, while a number of such systems exist no non-interactive hierarchical system providing complete resistance to user compromise, exists. In this paper we present such a new key-sharing scheme that minimizes the computational burden on network nodes in the most common key establishment situations. The scheme supports a hierarchy of authorities which provide keys to users and may reconfigure themselves (e.g., changing their parent in the hierarchy when needed to reflect force movements or other system reconfigurations), and cryptographically strong protection against user compromise. We also present an alternative form of our hierarchical system that has better computational costs in the common case, and provides unconditionally strong protection against a configurable threshold number of user compromises.
Proactive behavior of an autonomous mobile robot for human-assisted learning (2013)

During the last decade, there has been a growing interest in making autonomous social robots able to interact with people. However, there are still many open issues regarding the social capabilities that robots should have in order to perform these interactions more naturally. In this paper we present the results of several experiments conducted at the Barcelona Robot Lab in the campus of the “Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya” in which we have analyzed different important aspects of the interaction between a mobile robot and nontrained human volunteers. First, we have proposed different robot behaviors to approach a person and create an engagement with him/her. In order to perform this task we have provided the robot with several perception and action capabilities, such as that of detecting people, planning an approach and verbally communicating its intention to initiate a conversation. Once the initial engagement has been created, we have developed further communication skills in order to let people assist the robot and improve its face recognition system. After this assisted and online learning stage, the robot becomes able to detect people under severe changing conditions, which, in turn enhances the number and the manner that subsequent human-robot interactions are performed.