gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of a super base in tetrahydrofuran solution studied by 6Li,1H HOESY, 133Cs,1H HOESY, and MNDO. Evidence for discrete species rather than a mixed aggregate (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of a super base in tetrahydrofuran solution studied by 6Li,1H HOESY, 133Cs,1H HOESY, and MNDO. Evidence for discrete species rather than a mixed aggregateWalter Bauer and Lubomir LochmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 19, 7482–7489Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00045a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00045a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views649Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Scanning electron microscopic assessment of the biodegradable coating on expanded biolimus-eluting stents (2009)

SEM assessment suggests a relatively low elasticity of the biodegradable coating on BioMatrix stents. At nominal pressure, stents showed predominantly mild cracks of the coating, while cracks increased after slight overstretch. Aggressive overexpansion of the stent, such as sometimes required in left main bifurcation stenting, worsened cracks and led to some detachment of fragments of the coating in vitro.
Separation of independent sources from correlated inputs (1992)

The characterization of independent stationary stochastic components (sources), is generally achieved by using the spectral matrix of partially correlated measurements, which are linearly related to the components of interest. In the general case where no assumptions are made concerning the way the sources are mixed on the measurements, the spectral matrix is not able to extract the true sources. While spectral analysis only uses second-order properties of independent stochastic sources, a procedure based on higher-order analysis (fourth-order cross cumulants) is developed. This approach leads to a complete identification of the sources.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inactivation of a 25.5 µm Enterococcus faecalis biofilm by a room-temperature, battery-operated, handheld air plasma jet (2012)

Abstract Effective biofilm inactivation using a handheld, mobile plasma jet powered by a 12 V dc battery and operated in open air without any external gas supply is reported. This cold, room-temperature plasma is produced in self-repetitive nanosecond discharges with current pulses of ∼100 ns duration, current peak amplitude of ∼6 mA and repetition rate of ∼20 kHz. It is shown that the reactive plasma species penetrate to the bottom layer of a 25.5 µm-thick Enterococcus faecalis biofilm and produce a strong bactericidal effect. This is the thickest reported biofilm inactivated using room-temperature air plasmas.
1-Dimensional structures of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT): a chemical route to tubes, rods, thimbles, and belts (2005)

The chemical synthesis of 1-dimensional (1-D) PEDOT nanostructures in the form of tubes, rods, thimbles, and belts has been successfully accomplished through the use of a "hard template".
Congruential sieves on reconfigurable computer (2003)

Congruential sieves have been constructed as software programs or as physical devices for nearly a century. Factor stencils were used by D.N. Lehmer in his table of prime numbers constructed early in the 20th century, and a sequence of special purpose electrical, electro-mechanical, and electronic devices were built by D.H. Lehmer through the middle part of the century. More recently, special purpose sieves using FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) have been built and programs on more generic reconfigurable computing machines have been written to implement sieves. We describe here a new implementation of a sieve on the Star Bridge Systems HC 36m reconfigurable computer.
Diethyl N-Arylsulfonylphosphoramidates (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiethyl N-ArylsulfonylphosphoramidatesRUDI RÄTZCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 4, 372–374Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01355a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01355a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The UMLS Metathesaurus: representing different views of biomedical concepts. (1993)

The UMLS Metathesaurus is a compilation of names, relationships, and associated information from a variety of biomedical naming systems representing different views of biomedical practice or research. The Metathesaurus is organized by meaning, and the fundamental unit in the Metathesaurus is the concept. Differing names for a biomedical meaning are linked in a single Metathesaurus concept. Extensive additional information describing semantic characteristics, occurrence in machine-readable information sources, and how concepts co-occur in these sources is also provided, enabling a greater comprehension of the concept in its various contexts. The Metathesaurus is not a standardized vocabulary; it is a tool for maximizing the usefulness of existing vocabularies. It serves as a knowledge source for developers of biomedical information applications and as a powerful resource for biomedical information specialists.
Bone cell function, regulation, and communication: A role for nitric oxide (1995)

A large array of factors serve as vital communication links between cells and the characterization, regulation, and mechanisms of action of such factors are topics of intense research efforts. Most intercellular messenger molecules which have been described over the years are represented by proteins, small peptides, amino acids or their derivatives, ions, lipid metabolites, or steroids. However, a small uncharged free radical, nitric oxide, has recently garnered much attention as a potent multifunctional signal molecule with widespread actions within and between diverse tissues. Biochemical, molecular, and regulatory studies of the family of enzymes responsible for nitric oxide synthesis, nitric oxide synthases, have established that there are at least three distinct isoforms of this enzyme which are differentially expressed and regulated in various cells or tissues. Modulation of these isoenzyme levels or activities by diverse signals is mediated via transcriptional, translational, and/or post-translational mechanisms, and consequently, alterations in such control may influence normal or pathological processes. Nitric oxide appears to exert pronounced effects on skeletal physiology and its production by various bone cells, elicited target cell responses, modulation by other signalling molecules (e.g., cytokines, hormones, fatty acid derivatives), and chemical interactions with other free radicals (e.g., superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals) may form one important facet of the many complicated communication pathways controlling bone cell physiology and remodeling. Further cell and molecular studies are needed to address the precise roles that nitric oxide plays in bone development and in the formation and degradation of bone during ordinary bone metabolism. In addition, alterations in the regulation and action of the bone nitric oxide system as a function of certain bone disorders may be manifested by perturbations in bone integrity or mineral homeostasis. In this article, we review the current evidence implicating nitric oxide as an important messenger molecule in bone intercellular communication, speculate on potential roles for this radical in bone biology, and discuss possible future directions for advanced research into the function of nitric oxide in skeletal physiology.
Compact SPR Gas Sensor for Mobile Robot Olfaction Using Metal Nanostructure and LED Light Source (2007)

This paper reports on the development of compact surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors to be used for mobile robot olfaction. The proposed sensor uses a periodic metal structure formed on top of the self-assembled layer of polystyrene particles of 200 nm in diameter. With the grating of this size, SPR can be excited even with an LED light source. The change in the absorbance is simply measured using a photodiode. The experimental results are presented on a silver nanostructure sensor and a gold nanostructure sensor to show the potential of these sensors.
Unlocking the Sugar “Steric Gate” of DNA Polymerases (2011)

To maintain genomic stability, ribonucleotide incorporation during DNA synthesis is controlled predominantly at the DNA polymerase level. A steric clash between the 2'-hydroxyl of an incoming ribonucleotide and a bulky active site residue, known as the "steric gate", establishes an effective mechanism for most DNA polymerases to selectively insert deoxyribonucleotides. Recent kinetic, structural, and in vivo studies have illuminated novel features about ribonucleotide exclusion and the mechanistic consequences of ribonucleotide misincorporation on downstream events, such as the bypass of a ribonucleotide in a DNA template and the subsequent extension of the DNA lesion bypass product. These important findings are summarized in this review.
Biocompatible polymeric materials with switchable adhesion properties (2010)

We report on the design, investigation and comparison of the adhesive properties of poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) and biocompatible polyethylene glycol-based thermoresponsive brushes. Specifically, a poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM, poly-(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate), P(OEGMA-MEO2MA), and poly-(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-oligo(propylene glycol) methacrylate), P(OEGMA-OPGMA) brushes were synthesised on planar silicon wafers and silica particles via the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerisation. Switching of swelling and surface charge were investigated using spectroscopic ellipsometric and zeta-potential measurements, respectively. Adhesion properties were studied in situ in aqueous solutions at different temperatures using three kinds of AFM probes with well defined tips geometries and radii. We found that: (1) adhesion properties of all polymer brushes reversibly switch with temperature—polymer brushes are completely non-adhesive below the Low Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) and become sticky above the LCST; (2) adhesive force scales nonlinearly with the probe radius; (3) adhesion energy, obtained using Derjaguin/Muller/Toporov approaches, decreases with the increase of the tip radius that is attributed to different depth of penetration of the probes in the polymer layer; (4) adhesion decreases in the sequence PNIPAM – P(OEGMA-MEO2MA) – P(OEGMA-OPGMA). Based on dynamic light scattering and cryo-TEM experiments, the latter effect is attributed to the formation of a thin oligoethylene glycol shell around the hydrophobic polymer core in the case of P(OEGMA-OPGMA). We expect that the P(OEGMA-OPGMA) system, which demonstrates less sticky adhesion properties, could be particularly promising for cell adhesion experiments and tissue engineering.
<title>Fiber optical liquid level sensor under cryogenic environment</title> (2001)

This paper reports a preliminary experimental investigation and characterization of an optical fiber based liquid level detection system for applications in aerospace industry. The sensor system is composed of a multiplexed array of point liquid probes. Two different designs of the probe were fabricated and tested. Probe tests were conducted in water/air and liquidlgas nitrogen environments. Response speed of the liquid probe was measured and compared experimentally with a Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT). In addition, the multiplexing of multiple liquid probes using an OTDR device was successfully demonstrated. Finally, a novel liquid probe made by direct polishing the fiber tip is proposed, which may provide further miniaturization and performance improvements.
Dose- and Time-Dependent Response of Human Leukemia (HL-60) Cells to Arsenic Trioxide Treatment (2006)

The treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been based on the administration of all-trans retinoic acid plus anthracycline chemotherapy, which is very effective as first line therapy; however 25 to 30% of patients will relapse with their disease becoming refractory to conventional therapy. Recently, studies have shown arsenic trioxide to be effective in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. In this study, we used the human leukemia (HL-60) cell line as a model to evaluate the cytoxicity of arsenic trioxide based on the MTT assay. Data obtained from this assay indicated that arsenic trioxide significantly reduced the viability of HL-60 cells, showing LD50 values of 14.26 + 0.5microg/mL, 12.54 + 0.3microg/mL, and 6.4 + 0.6microg/mL upon 6, 12, and 24 hours of exposure, respectively; indicating a dose- and time-dependent response relationship. Findings from the present study indicate that arsenic trioxide is highly cytotoxic to human leukemia (HL-60) cells, supporting its use as an effective therapeutic agent in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Theoretical study on the electronic structure of silicon-germanium copolymers (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical study on the electronic structure of silicon-germanium copolymersKyozaburo Takeda, Kenji Shiraishi, and Nobuo MatsumotoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 13, 5043–5052Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00169a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Predictions of particle size and lattice diffusion pathway requirements for sodium-ion anodes using η-Cu6Sn5 thin films as a model system (2013)

Geometrically well-defined Cu6Sn5 thin films were used as a model system to estimate the diffusion depth and diffusion pathway requirements of Na ions in alloy anodes. Cu6Sn5 anodes have an initial reversible capacity towards Li of 545 mA h g(-1) (Li3.96Sn or 19.8 Li/Cu6Sn5), close to the theoretical 586 mA h g(-1) (Li4.26Sn), and a very low initial irreversible capacity of 1.6 Li/Cu6Sn5 (Li0.32Sn). In contrast, the reaction with Na is limited with a reversible capacity of 160 mA h g(-1) compared to the expected 516 mA h g(-1) (Na3.75Sn). X-ray diffraction and (119)Sn-Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements show that this limited capacity likely results from the restricted diffusion of Na into the anode nanoparticles and not the formation of a low Na-content phase. Moreover, our results suggest that the η-Cu6Sn5 alloy should have optimized particle sizes of nearly 10 nm diameter to increase the Na capacity significantly. An alternative system consisting of a two-phase mixture of Cu6Sn5 and Sn of nominal composition 'Cu6Sn10' has been studied and is able to deliver a larger initial reversible storage capacity of up to 400 mA h g(-1). Finally, we have demonstrated that the presence of Cu in Cu6Sn5 and 'Cu6Sn10' suppresses the anomalous electrolyte decomposition normally observed for pure Sn.
Use of a microcomputer as an aid to identifying objects passing through a resistivity fish counter (1986)

Abstract. The Freshwater Biological Association has operated a salmon counter on the River From, Dorset. England since 1970. In this calcareous river, false upstream counts generated by mats of aquatic macrophytes floating downstream have proved the main constraint to the accuracy of the installation. In addition, time-delays in the counter logic circuitry prevent the use of still photography to check the identity of downstream records. This paper gives a full description of the technical details and basic program listings for an inexpensive microcomputer-based system to record the out-of-balance voltage signals from the resistivity counter. Comparison with still photographs indicates that the totals recorded can be corrected on the basis of differences in the form of signals generated by salmon and by other objects, including weed-mats. The fast response time of the microcomputer-system made it passible to confirm that most objects which generated downstream counts on Ihe River Frome resistivity counter were either salmonids or eels.
Training Beam Sequence Design for Millimeter-Wave MIMO Systems: A POMDP Framework (2015)

In this paper, adaptive training beam sequence design for efficient channel estimation in large millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels is considered. By exploiting the sparsity in large mmWave MIMO channels and imposing a Markovian random walk assumption on the movement of the receiver and reflection clusters, the adaptive training beam sequence design and channel estimation problem is formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) problem that finds non-zero bins in a two-dimensional grid. Under the proposed POMDP framework, optimal and suboptimal adaptive training beam sequence design policies are derived. Furthermore, a very fast suboptimal greedy algorithm is developed based on a newly proposed reduced sufficient statistic to make the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm low to a level for practical implementation. Numerical results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed training beam design method. Numerical results show that the proposed training beam sequence design algorithms yield good performance.
Liquid fluidized bed adsorption of protein in the presence of cells. (1991)

The adsorption, in a liquid fluidized bed, of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), onto an ion-exchange absorbent, Q-Sepharose Fast Flow, in the presence of Alcaligenes eutrophus cells, has been studied. The expansion of the fluidized bed is greater in the presence than in the absence of cells and obeys the laws of Richardson and Zaki. The effect of cell concentration on the equilibrium adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent has been assessed. The rate of adsorption of BSA onto the adsorbent has been studied in a batch stirred tank, and a fluidized bed system both in the presence and absence of cells. Comparisons have been made with the adsorption of human immunoglobulin G (human IgG), onto an affinity adsorbent, Protein A Sepharose CL-4B. The data from the fluidized bed breakthrough tests have been used to assess the validity of a theoretical model adapted from one that predicts the performance of the adsorption phase in the absence of cells in fixed bed systems. Tests have been done on the washing phase in the fluidized bed adsorption system to establish the most efficient method of washing cells and unadsorbed protein out of the bed.
Absorption and Glucuronylation of Diethylstilbestrol by the Rat Small Intestine (1978)

1. The absorption and glucuronylation of [14C]diethylstilbestrol (DES) were studied in situ in segments of rat small intestine. 2. DES glucuronide accounted for nearly 50% of the methanol-soluble radioactive material appearing in the intestinal venous blood. 3. There was no difference between DES glucuronide formation in intestinal segments near the pyloric sphincter and in segments located near the ileo-caecal junction. 4. The appearance of DES and its glucuronide in the venous blood of aborally-located segments was dose-dependent from 0.1 to 5 mM, but in orally-located segments, an increase in DES concn. from 2 to 5 mM produced no increase in DES or its glucuronide in the venous blood. In neither of these intestinal regions was the rate of appearance of DES or DES glucuronide dependent upon intestinal blood flow. 5. The results indicate that intestinal glucuronylation of certain compounds during absorption may be significant over a wide range of concn. in all regions of the intestine.
<i>Aquadvantage</i>salmon: A case study in transgenic food (1998)

(1998). Aquadvantage salmon: A case study in transgenic food. Animal Biotechnology: Vol. 9, Proceedings of the Food Animal Biotechnology (FAB) Center Symposium on Transgenic Animals and Food Production, pp. 165-170.
Recent progress of research on medicinal mushrooms, foods, and other herbal products used in traditional Chinese medicine (2012)

This article will review selected herbal products used in traditional Chinese medicine, including medicinal mushrooms ( bā xī mó gū; Agaricus blazei, yún zhī; Coriolus versicolor, líng zhī; Ganoderma lucidum, xiāng xùn; shiitake, Lentinus edodes, niú zhāng zhī; Taiwanofungus camphoratus), Cordyceps ( dōng chóng xià cǎo), pomegranate ( shí liú; Granati Fructus), green tea ( lǜ chá; Theae Folium Non Fermentatum), garlic ( dà suàn; Allii Sativi Bulbus), turmeric ( jiāng huáng; Curcumae Longae Rhizoma), and Artemisiae Annuae Herba ( qīng hāo; sweet wormwood). Many of the discussed herbal products have gained popularity in their uses as dietary supplements for health benefits. The review will focus on the active constituents of the herbs and their bioactivities, with emphasis on the most recent progress in research for the period of 2003 to 2011.