gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
dlk Inhibits Stem Cell Factor‐Induced Colony Formation of Murine Hematopoietic Progenitors: Hes‐1‐Independent Effect (2001)

Delta-like (dlk) is a family of transmembrane proteins containing epidermal growth factor-like repeat motifs homologous to the notch/delta/serrate family. Recent studies suggest that dlk is a negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation, a promoting factor of cobblestone area colony formation, and a molecule which influences stromal cell-pre-B cell interactions and augments cellularity of developing thymocytes. However, the role of dlk in regulating the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the effect of dlk on the proliferation of murine hematopoietic progenitors by hematopoietic growth factors. Soluble dlk-IgG Fc chimeric protein completely inhibited the colony formation of lineage-marker negative (Lin-) bone marrow cells by GM-CSF, G-CSF, or macrophage-CSF (M-CSF) in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF). However, dlk failed to inhibit the colony formation of Lin- bone marrow cells by CSF, as described above, or M-CSF plus interleukin 3. Furthermore, dlk failed to inhibit the colony formation of Hes-1-null fetal liver cells by M-CSF in the presence of SCF. These findings suggest that dlk is an important regulator of hematopoietic progenitor proliferation. Depending on the presence of SCF, dlk may act as a growth inhibitor, although dlk signaling does not mediate Hes-1 transcription factor.
Multitransmitter digital signal transmission by using offset frequency strategy in a land-mobile telephone system (1978)

In a high-capacity land-mobile telephone system which employs a small zone technique, it is advantageous to provide control channels separate from voice channels. We first review two control channel allocation methods: the individual control zone system and the multiple control zone system. From the viewpoints of efficient frequency utilization and reliable call processing, the multiple control zone system is shown to be preferable. It is experimently verified that an offset carrier frequency strategy is well suited to the realization of this system. Simulation test results are presented which determine the design parameters. Offset carrier frequency allocation methods concerning three types of fundamental zone configuration are derived. The carrier frequency synchronization and the phase adjustment of the modulation signals are investigated for the actual system construction.
Hyperglycaemia suppresses the secretion of ghrelin, a novel growth-hormone-releasing peptide: responses to the intravenous and oral administration of glucose (2002)

Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide, isolated from the stomach, which may also cause a positive energy balance by stimulating food intake and reducing fat utilization. However, whether glucose influences the release of ghrelin remains unknown. Accordingly, we examined circulating levels of ghrelin and GH in response to the intravenous or oral administration of 50 g of glucose in eight healthy humans. After the administration of intravenous glucose (50 g), the plasma ghrelin level decreased significantly from 127+/-9 to 98+/-9 fmol/ml (P<0.01), associated with an increase in plasma glucose from 85+/-3 to 357+/-19 mg/dl (P<0.01). Ingestion of 50 g of glucose decreased the plasma ghrelin level significantly from 134+/-12 to 97+/-15 fmol/ml (P<0.01), associated with an increase in plasma glucose from 93+/-3 to 166+/-10 mg/dl (P<0.01). The decrease in the plasma ghrelin level lasted for more than 30 min after recovery of the plasma glucose level. In conclusion, ghrelin secretion may be suppressed, at least in part, by an increased plasma glucose level in healthy humans.
Vertical channel all-organic thin-film transistors (2003)

Technologically simple and cost-effective processes are essential for the fabrication of organic electronic devices. In this letter, we present a concept for making vertical channel all-organic thin-film transistors on glass substrate. This concept avoids the need for patterning processes with high lateral resolution by defining the channel length through the thickness of an insulating layer. Our devices are based on commercially available poly(ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) dispersion for source, drain, and gate electrodes, photoresist as the insulating layer and photosensitized poly(vinyl alcohol) as the gate insulator. Pentacene was used as the organic semiconductor. Functional devices with channel length of 2.4 μm and width of 1 mm have been realized, and we report electrical characteristics of these devices.
Sistemas de liberación Bioadhesivos (2000)

Los mucoadhesivos y el fenomeno de mucoadhesividad se han desarrollado en las ultimas decadas, particularmenteen Tecnologia Farmaceutica, pues al incorporarse a diversas formas farmaceuticas ocasionan incremento en eltiempo de permanencia del medicamento en el lugar de absorcion, prolongando la de efectividad del farmaco.Tambien puede formularse como sistemas de liberacion controlada.En el trabajo se presenta una vision general de los aspectos mas significativos de la mucoadhesion: composicion delmucus, interacciones, polimeros y factores influyentes en el fenomeno de muchoadhesion, y se hace referencia a lasvias de administracion mas relevantes para la aplicacion de preparados mucoadhesivos.
Plant cell line selection : procedures and applications (1990)

Culture systems and selection procedures in vitro mutagenesis flow cytometry for selection of plant cells in vitro micromanipulation of higher plant cells in vitro selection for disease resistance herbicide resistance environmental stress resistance screening and selection of cultured plant cells for increased yields of secondary metabolites selection and choice of genetic markers auxotrophic temperature-sensitive and hormone mutants isolated in vitro selection of somatic hybrids selection and analysis of cytoplasmic hybrids selection of transformed cells.
Efficacy of Probiotic Treatment as Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Randomized Trial (2022)

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose unprecedented challenges to worldwide health. While vaccines are effective, additional strategies to mitigate the spread/severity of COVID-19 are urgently needed. Emerging evidence suggests susceptibility to respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects can be reduced by probiotic interventions; therefore, probiotics may be a low-risk, easily implementable modality to reduce risk of COVID-19, particularly in areas with low vaccine availability/uptake. In this study, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial across the United States testing probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as postexposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 in 182 participants who had household exposure to someone with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed within ≤ 7 days. Participants were randomized to receive oral LGG or placebo for 28 days. The primary outcome was development of illness symptoms within 28 days of COVID-19 exposure. Stool was collected to evaluate microbiome changes. Intention-to-treat analysis showed LGG treatment led to a lower likelihood of developing illness symptoms versus placebo (26.4% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.02). Further, LGG was associated with a statistically significant reduction in COVID-19 diagnosis (log rank, p = 0.049) via time-to-event analysis. Overall incidence of COVID-19 diagnosis did not significantly differ between LGG and placebo groups (8.8% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.17). This data suggests LGG is associated with prolonged time to COVID-19 infection, reduced incidence of illness symptoms, and gut microbiome changes when used as prophylaxis ≤ 7 days post-COVID-19 exposure. This initial work may inform future COVID-19 prevention studies worldwide, particularly in underdeveloped nations where Lactobacillus probiotics have previously been utilized to reduce non-COVID infectious-morbidity. Trial registration : ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04399252, Date: 22/05/2020 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04399252
Introducing EzBioCloud: a taxonomically united database of 16S rRNA gene sequences and whole-genome assemblies (2016)

The recent advent of DNA sequencing technologies facilitates the use of genome sequencing data that provide means for more informative and precise classification and identification of members of the Bacteria and Archaea. Because the current species definition is based on the comparison of genome sequences between type and other strains in a given species, building a genome database with correct taxonomic information is of paramount need to enhance our efforts in exploring prokaryotic diversity and discovering novel species as well as for routine identifications. Here we introduce an integrated database, called EzBioCloud, that holds the taxonomic hierarchy of the Bacteria and Archaea, which is represented by quality-controlled 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences. Whole-genome assemblies in the NCBI Assembly Database were screened for low quality and subjected to a composite identification bioinformatics pipeline that employs gene-based searches followed by the calculation of average nucleotide identity. As a result, the database is made of 61 700 species/phylotypes, including 13 132 with validly published names, and 62 362 whole-genome assemblies that were identified taxonomically at the genus, species and subspecies levels. Genomic properties, such as genome size and DNA G+C content, and the occurrence in human microbiome data were calculated for each genus or higher taxa. This united database of taxonomy, 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences, with accompanying bioinformatics tools, should accelerate genome-based classification and identification of members of the Bacteria and Archaea. The database and related search tools are available at www.ezbiocloud.net/.
Legacy applications model integration to support scientific experiment (2018)

The article describes the implementation of the integration model of legacy applications to support a scientific computer experiment. The model is based on the microservices architecture using the Docker containerization technology. The information system was developed on the basis of the proposed integration model. It integrates legacy applications through a unified interface that works on HTTP protocol and allows you to remotely manage complex, time-consuming and resource-based computer experiments remotely using a mobile application. The article also describes infrastructure services, in particular, a load forecasting service that automatically adds processing power in the case of a large number of requests from users, which makes the developed system stable and increases its fault tolerance.
Process Studies on Laser Welding of Copper with Brilliant Green and Infrared Lasers (2011)

Copper materials are classified as difficult to weld with state-of-the-art lasers. High thermal conductivity in combination with low absorption at room temperature require high intensities for reaching a deep penetration welding process. The low absorption also causes high sensitivity to variations in surface conditions. Green laser radiation shows a considerable higher absorption at room temperature. This reduces the threshold intensity for deep penetration welding significantly. The influence of the green wavelength on energy coupling during heat conduction welding and deep penetration welding as well as the influence on the weld shape has been investigated.
Portal hypertension: from pathophysiology to clinical practice (2005)

Portal hypertension (PHT) is responsible for the more severe and often lethal complications of cirrhosis such as bleeding oesophageal varices, ascites, renal dysfunction and hepatic encephalopathy. Because of the combined impact of these complications, PHT remains the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Over the years, it has become clear that a decrease in portal pressure is not only protective against the risk of variceal (re)bleeding but is also associated with a lower long-term risk of developing complications and an improved long-term survival. A milestone in therapy was the introduction of non-selective beta-blockers for the prevention of bleeding and rebleeding of gastro-esophageal varices. However, in practice, less than half the patients under beta-blockade are protected from these risks, supporting the overall demand for innovation and expansion of our therapeutic armamentarium. Recent advances in the knowledge of the pathophysiology of cirrhotic PHT have directed future therapy towards the increased intrahepatic vascular resistance, which, in part, is determined by an increased hepatic vascular tone. This increased vasculogenic component provides the rationale for the potential use of therapies aimed at increasing intrahepatic vasorelaxing capacity via gene therapy, liver-selective nitric oxide donors and statines on the one hand, and at antagonizing excessive intrahepatic vasoconstrictor force through the use of endothelin antagonists, angiotensin blockers, alpha(1) adrenergic antagonists or combined alpha(1)- and non-selective beta-blockers or somatostatin analogues on the other. The focus of this review is to give an update on the pathophysiology of PHT in order to elucidate these potential novel strategies subsequently.
Ventilator Circuits, Humidification and Ventilator‐Associated Pneumonia (1996)

Technical issues in the care of mechanically ventilated patients include those related to the ventilator circuit, humidification and ventilator‐associated pneumonia. Principal issues related to ventilator circuits include leaks and compression volume. Circuit compression volume affects delivered tidal volume as well as measurements of auto‐positive end‐expiratory pressure and mixed expired P CO 2 . Resistance through the ventilator circuit contributes to patient‐ventilator dyssynchrony during assisted modes of mechanical ventilation. Adequate humidification of inspired gas is necessary to prevent heat and moisture loss. Common methods of humidification of inspired gas during mechanical ventilation include use of active heated humidifiers and passive artificial noses. Artificial noses are less effective than active humidifiers and are best suited to short term use. With active humidifiers, the circuit can be heated to avoid condensate formation. However, care must be exercised when heated circuits are used to avoid delivery of a low relative humidity and subsequent drying of secretions in the artificial airway. Although pneumonia is a complication of mechanical ventilation, these pneumonias are usually the result of aspiration of pharyngeal secretions and are seldom related to the ventilator circuit. Ventilator circuits do not need to be changed more frequently than weekly for infection control purposes, and the incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia may be greater with more frequent circuit changes.
Quantification of venous reflux by means of duplex scanning. (1989)

Venous reflux in milliliters per second has been measured in individual veins with duplex scanning. Forty-six patients (47 legs) with symptomatic varicose veins have been studied while they were in the erect position. Nineteen legs had skin changes whereas the rest (28 legs) had only varicose veins with no skin changes. In 45 limbs, reflux was confined to one vein only: long saphenous vein in 28, short saphenous vein in nine, and femoropopliteal vein in eight. In one limb, reflux was found in the long saphenous, short saphenous, and femoropopliteal veins, and in another it was found in the long and short saphenous veins. In the latter two limbs the amount of reflux found in each vein was added to obtain the total reflux in the limb. In the limbs with skin changes, reflux (median +/- 90% tolerance levels) was 30 (10 to 53) ml/sec; whereas in limbs with no skin changes it was 10 (3 to 44) ml/sec. Reflux greater than 10 ml/sec was associated with a high incidence of skin changes (66%) irrespective of whether this was in the superficial or deep veins; reflux less than 10 ml/sec was not associated with skin changes.
Carbon metabolism in the Calvin cycle (2005)

In order to study the regulation of photosynthetic carbon flow in higher plants, many researchers have created and analyzed transgenic plants that had reduced or increased respective enzyme activity involved in the Calvin cycle, sucrose synthesis and starch metabolism. We have succeeded in enhancing the photosynthetic carbon fixation capacity by introducing certain enzymes, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and/or sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase, involved in the Calvin cycle. In this review, we discuss that the contribution of some enzymes and processes to controlling the metabolic flux and storage of carbohydrates and plant growth using transgenic plants. These results lead to a reassessment of ideas about the regulation of carbon metabolism and have consequences for design of bioengineering strategies to increase crop productivity in plants.
Transplantation of corneal stem cells cultured on amniotic membrane for corneal burn: experimental and clinical study. (2002)

Ocular surface conditions could be improved by allograft of corneal stem cells cultured on amniotic membranes.
Cyclooxygenase‐2 and its regulation in inflammation (1996)

530 in COX-1 or Ser 516 in (The different numbers for similarly placed residues in the two isoforms is due to the longer N terminal sequence in COX-l; the numbering for COX-1 is thus about 14 in advance of that for COX-2.) Mutation of serine to alanine in either isoform altered neither Km nor PG production but did confer protection against the irreversi- ble inhibition caused by aspirin, since alanine cannot be acetylated. 29 However, mutation of serine to asparagine (isosteric with acetylated serine) has a strikingly differential effect; the COX-1 mutant lost cyclo-oxygenase activity whereas the COX-2 mutant retained full activity Cyclooxygenase-2 and its regulation in inflammation and an unchanged Km. Substitution with a larger not important in binding of substrate as marked amino acid, glutamine, abolished cyclo-oxygemutations at this site (Val to Lys or Glu) did not nase activity in both isoforms. 28'29 materially alter Km for AA of the COX-2 Another indication of the larger active site in protein. This compound irreversibly gested by the larger substrate binding site in inhibits the production of PGs by COX-1 or COX-2 had an unexpected outcome. It was COX-2 through the acetylation of Ser 530 or Ser argued that, as the acetylation of
Are There Different Kinds of Rogue Waves? (2008)

There is clearly no immediate answer to the question posted by the title of this paper. Inasmuch as that there are not much definitively known about rogue waves and that there is still no universally accepted definition for rogue waves in the ocean, we think there might just be even more than one kind of rogue waves to contend with. While the conventional approach has generally designated waves with Hmax∕Hs greater than 2.2 as possible rogue waves, based on Rayleigh distribution considerations, there is conspicuously no provision as to how high the ratio of Hmax∕Hs can be and thus not known how high can a rogue wave be. In our analysis of wave measurements made from a gas-drilling platform in South Indian Ocean, offshore from Mossel Bay, South Africa, we found a number of cases that indicated Hmax∕Hs could be valued in the range between 4 and 10. If this were to be the case, then these records could be considered to be “uncommon” rogue waves, whereas a record of Hmax∕Hs in the range between 2 and 4 could be considered to comprise “typical” rogue waves. On the other hand, the spikes in the Hmax data could have been caused by equipment malfunction or some other phenomenon. Clearly, the question of whether or not there are different kinds of rogue waves cannot be readily answered by theoretical considerations alone and there is a crucial need for long-term wave time-series measurements for studying rogue waves.
Computing and Climate (2015)

This guest editors' introduction to the special issue on computing and climate can be viewed as a call to action for the broader computer science community to get involved in this very exciting area of societal importance. Although the issue focuses primarily on data-driven opportunities for computer science contributions, the guest editors hope that future research will broaden this scope.
Expedient synthesis and structure–activity relationships of phenanthroindolizidine and phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids (2006)

The total synthesis of alkaloids phenanthroindolizidine 1a, tylophorine 1b, and phenanthroquinolizidine 1c, has been achieved in 46%, 49%, and 42% overall yield, respectively, starting from the corresponding phenanthrene-9-carboxaldehyde. Compound exhibited potent inhibition activity in three human cancer cell lines, with IC(50) values ranging from 104 to 130 nM. The structure-activity relations of these alkaloids and some of their synthetic intermediates against the three cell lines were also described.
Quality metrics for optical signals: Eye diagram, Q-factor, OSNR, EVM and BER (2012)

Measuring the quality of optical signals is one of the most important tasks in optical communications. A variety of metrics are available, namely the general shape of the eye diagram, the optical signal-to-noise power ratio (OSNR), the Q-factor as a measure of the eye opening, the error vector magnitude (EVM) that is especially suited for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats, and the bit error ratio (BER). While the BER is the most conclusive quality determinant, it is sometimes difficult to quantify, especially for simulations and off-line processing. We compare various metrics analytically, by simulation, and through experiments. We further discuss BER estimates derived from OSNR, Q-factor and EVM data and compare them to measurements employing six modulation formats at symbol rates of 20 GBd and 25 GBd, which were generated by a software-defined transmitter. We conclude that for optical channels with additive Gaussian noise the EVM metric is a reliable quality measure. For nondata-aided reception, BER below 0.01 can be estimated from measured EVM.
Ru/TaSiN with different Ta/Si atomic ratio as barrier for Cu contact on NiSi substrate (2010)

The thermal stability and electrical properties of Cu contact on the NiSi substrate with a Ru/TaSiN barrier stack were investigated. The Ta/Si atomic ratio of the TaSiN is varied to optimize the barrier property. The results show that by introducing certain amount of Si into the TaN film, the Ru/TaSiN structure can be both thermally and electrically stable up to 500°C annealing for 30 minutes. The Ru/TaSiN stack will have potential application as diffusion barrier for Cu contact on NiSi.