gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Designing in scaled technologies: 32 nm and beyond (2012)

VLSI technology scaling in the 32-nm node and beyond has presented designers with increasing challenges to obtain performance gains, power and area reductions each successive generation. Maximum voltage limits, decreasing interconnect performance, and device changes have forced designers to rethink system and circuit design for enhanced system performance and improved user experience.
Face analysis and synthesis (2001)

The author's goal is to generate a virtual space close to the real communication environment between network users or between humans and machines. There should be an avatar in cyberspace that projects the features of each user with a realistic texture-mapped face to generate facial expression and action controlled by a multimodal input signal. Users can also get a view in cyberspace through the avatar's eyes, so they can communicate with each other by gaze crossing. The face fitting tool from multi-view camera images is introduced to make a realistic three-dimensional (3-D) face model with texture and geometry very close to the original. This fitting tool is a GUI-based system using easy mouse operation to pick up each feature point on a face contour and the face parts, which can enable easy construction of a 3-D personal face model. When an avatar is speaking, the voice signal is essential in determining the mouth shape feature. Therefore, a real-time mouth shape control mechanism is proposed by using a neural network to convert speech parameters to lip shape parameters. This neural network can realize an interpolation between specific mouth shapes given as learning data. The emotional factor can sometimes be captured by speech parameters. This media conversion mechanism is described. For dynamic modeling of facial expression, a muscle structure constraint is introduced for making a facial expression naturally with few parameters. We also tried to obtain muscle parameters automatically from a local motion vector on the face calculated by the optical flow in a video sequence.
Differences in Cell Surface Antigens of Tumor Metastases and Those of the Local Tumor2 (1979)

Tests were made to determine whether cell surface tumor antigens of metastases differed from the tumor antigens of the cell population of the local tumor growth. C57BL/6 mouse spleen lymphocytes sensitized against monolayers of the local growth of the 3LL Lewis lung carcinoma (L-3LL) in the presence of syngeneic serum generated lymphocytes that were cytotoxic to L-3LL but significantly less cytotoxic to target cells derived from lung metastases (M-3LL). Lymphocytes sensitized against M-3LL were significantly more cytotoxic against M-3LL than against L-3LL cells. Anti-M-3LL cytotoxic lymphocytes but not anti-L-3LL, admixed with either L-3LL cells or M-3LL tumor cells, when injected into syngeneic recipients reduced lung metastasis significantly. Results indicated that cells with high metastatic capacity and distinct antigenic properties exist within the tumor cell population and that immunoselection might be involved in the production of lung metastases.
Nacelle LiDAR online wind field reconstruction applied to feedforward pitch control (2016)

This paper presents innovative filtering and reconstruction techniques of nacelle LiDAR data, and exploitation of obtained wind anticipation capabilities for wind turbine control strategy. The implemented algorithms are applied under industrial constraints, on a MAIA EOLIS wind turbine, equipped with a LEOSPHERE 5-beams pulsed LiDAR, during experimental campaigns of SMARTEOLE collaborative project.
Finite Element Modelling of Structural Clay Brick Masonry Subjected to Axial Compression (2012)

Kertas kerja ini membentangkan pembuktian berangka hasil dari ujikaji kesan ketebalan sambungan lepa ke atas sifat kekuatan mampatan bagi prisma bata–lepa yang berbeban paksi. Pemodelan mikro tiga dimensi bagi prisma tersebut dibuat dengan dua kaedah: yang pertama, model tersebut dianggap telah dibina dengan bahan sejenis; yang kedua, model dilihat sebagai bahan komposit yang dibina dari lepa dan bata. Kaedah yang kedua membuat anggapan bahawa prisma terdiri daripada bahan komposit dan memberikan ramalan yang lebih tepat bagi pengagihan tegasan dalam prisma dan ramalan kegagalan bahan juga menunjukkan kesesuaian yang baik dengan keputusan ujikaji. Ini menunjukkan bahawa anggapan kaedah pemodelan bahan komposit lebih baik daripada anggapan bahan sejenis. Dalam kajian ini, suatu faktor penggandaan kekuatan telah dicadangkan untuk tujuan reka bentuk yang boleh digunakan untuk menilai keputusan ujikaji kekuatan mampatan batu bata dari keputusan analisis unsur terhingga. Kata kunci: Pertukangan bata, kesejenisan, komposit, tegasan, keterikan This paper presents the numerical verifications of the experimental investigation on the effect of mortar joint thickness on compressive strength characteristics of axially loaded brick–mortar prisms. The three dimensional micro modeling of the prisms was based on two approaches: firstly, models were assumed to be made of homogeneous material; the second approach envisaged the models as composite material made of brick and mortar. The later modeling approach, which assumed the prism to be made of composite material, gave more accurate prediction of the stress distribution in the prisms, and also the failure loads predictions were in good agreement with the experimental results, suggesting that this modeling approach with composite material assumption is more appropriate than the homogenous material assumption. In the present work, a strength magnification factor has also been proposed for the design purposes, which can be used to assess the experimental compressive strength of the brick masonry from its finite element analysis results. Key words: Masonry, homogenization, composite, stress, strain
miR-34a as a prognostic marker of relapse in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (2009)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as promising prognostic markers in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) since they play an important role in oncogenesis. The miR-34 family is composed of three miRNAs (miR-34a, miR-34b and miR-34c) that are part of the p53 network and whose expression is directly induced by p53 in response to DNA damage or oncogenic stress. We have analyzed the impact of miR-34 expression on relapse and overall survival in surgically resected NSCLC patients. For this purpose, we used stem-loop reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to analyze the expression of the miR-34 family in paired tumor and normal tissue from 70 surgically resected NSCLC patients who received no postsurgical treatment until relapse. In addition, in patients with sufficient tumor tissue, we assessed p53 mutations and the methylation status of the MIRN34A gene promoter region and correlated these findings with miR-34a expression. Molecular findings were correlated with relapse and overall survival. The miR-34 family was downregulated in tumor compared with normal tissue, and low levels of miR-34a expression were correlated with a high probability of relapse (P = 0.04). A relation was also found between MIRN34A methylation and miR-34a expression (P = 0.008). Patients with both p53 mutations and low miR-34a levels had the highest probability of relapse (P = 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, miR-34a expression emerged as an independent prognostic marker for relapse. In summary, we have identified miR-34a as a novel prognostic marker in NSCLC patients, providing a potential mechanism for estimating a patient's risk of disease recurrence and a useful tool to help guide treatment decisions.
hIL-13-PE38QQR. NeoPharm. (2001)

NeoPharm, under license from the NIH and the FDA, is developing a chimeric human IL-13 fused in frame to a genetically engineered truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38QQR) molecule, for its potential as an antitumor agent [266296], [281418], [290480]. NeoPharm filed an IND in 1999 for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and glioma [319690], [325001]; an additional IND was filed in March 2000 for the treatment of glioblastoma. In December 2000, NeoPharm initiated phase I/II trials of IL-13-PE38QQR involving patients with refractory glioblastoma multiforme. This trial was being conducted by the New Approaches to Brain Tumor Therapy, a research consortium sponsored by the NCI. At that time, the first patient with brain cancer had completed treatment with IL-13-PE38QQR [393197]. In October 1999, NeoPharm initiated phase I trials of hIL-13-PE38QQR for the treatment of patients with RCC [343878]. In February 2000, Dirks & Co estimated the potential US market for hIL-13-PE38QQR to be $5.8 billion [414515].
Multiple feedback loop control strategy for UPS system having active filter ability (2002)

A simple uninterruptible power supply (UPS) configuration having active power filter ability (APF) is proposed in this paper. The proposed device can be operated in two modes, APF in normal operation and backup power modes in case of failure of the utility source. The proposed device has the advantages of only one power stage, compactness, high power factor and the total harmonic distortion performance is improved. Computer simulations and experimental results obtained from a low power model (50 VA) are carried out to verify the control strategy of system. Finally, the authors present the transient performance at the moment of the change of operation mode.
Evidence for the existence of an ordered state in Ga0.5In0.5P grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and its relation to band-gap energy (1987)

The band-gap energy (Eg) of metalorganic vapor phase epitaxially (MOVPE) grown Ga0.5In0.5P lattice matched to (001) GaAs is presented as a function of a wide range of V/III ratios and growth temperatures. Photoluminescence, Raman scattering spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and impurity diffusion were used to investigate this functional relationship. Two pieces of evidence are shown which demonstrate that MOVPE Ga0.5In0.5P epitaxial layers with ‘‘abnormal’’ Eg∼1.85 eV and ‘‘normal’’ Eg∼1.9 eV correspond to an ordered and a random (Ga,In) distribution on column III sublattices, respectively. In an ordered state, a sequence of (110) planes...GaGaInInGaGaInIn...in the [110] direction is the most probable distribution.
Nanostructured Materials for Room‐Temperature Gas Sensors (2015)

Sensor technology has an important effect on many aspects in our society, and has gained much progress, propelled by the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Current research efforts are directed toward developing high-performance gas sensors with low operating temperature at low fabrication costs. A gas sensor working at room temperature is very appealing as it provides very low power consumption and does not require a heater for high-temperature operation, and hence simplifies the fabrication of sensor devices and reduces the operating cost. Nanostructured materials are at the core of the development of any room-temperature sensing platform. The most important advances with regard to fundamental research, sensing mechanisms, and application of nanostructured materials for room-temperature conductometric sensor devices are reviewed here. Particular emphasis is given to the relation between the nanostructure and sensor properties in an attempt to address structure-property correlations. Finally, some future research perspectives and new challenges that the field of room-temperature sensors will have to address are also discussed.
KRAS mutation testing in colorectal cancer as an example of the pathologist’s role in personalized targeted therapy: a practical approach (2012)

Identifying targets for personalized targeted therapy is the pathologist's domain and a treasure. For decades, pathologists have had to learn, understand, adopt and implement many new laboratory techniques as they arrived on the scene. Pathologists successfully integrate the results of those tests into final pathology reports that were, and still are, the basis of clinical therapeutic decisions. The molecular methods are different but no more difficult to comprehend in the era of "kit procedures". In recent years, the development of targeted therapies has influenced routine practices in pathology laboratories because the use of molecular techniques is required to include clinically useful predictive information in the pathology report. Pathologists have the knowledge and expertise to identify particular gene mutations using the appropriate molecular tests currently available. This review focuses on the most important recent developments in KRAS mutation testing in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), and shows that a pathologist is involved in 10 stages of this procedure. Recent studies have shown that highly sensitive, simple, reliable and rapid assays may significantly improve the identification of CRC patients resistant to anti-EGFR therapy. Thus, direct sequencing does not seem to be an optimal procedure of KRAS testing for clinical purposes. Twelve currently available high-sensitivity diagnostic assays (with the CE-IVD mark) for KRAS mutation testing are briefly described and compared. The suggested pathology report content for somatic mutation tests is described. In conclusion, evidence is presented that sending away paraffin blocks with tumor tissue for KRAS mutation testing may not be in the best interest of patients. Instead, an evidence-based approach indicates that KRAS mutation testing should be performed in pathology departments, only with the use of CE-IVD/FDA-approved KRAS tests, and with the obligatory, periodic participation in the KRAS EQA scheme organized by the European Society of Pathology as an independent international body.
Emissions of volatile organic compounds from polymer‐based consumer products: Comparison of three emission chamber sizes (2019)

The ISO 16000 standard series provide guidelines for emission measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from building materials. However, polymer-based consumer products such as toys may also release harmful substances into indoor air. In such cases, the existing standard procedures are unsuitable for official control laboratories due to high costs for large emission testing chambers. This paper aims at developing and comparing alternative and more competitive methods for the emission testing of consumer products. The influence of the emission chamber size was investigated as smaller chambers are more suited to the common size of consumer products and may help to reduce the costs of testing. Comparison of the performance of a 203 L emission test chamber with two smaller chambers with the capacity of 24 L and 44 mL, respectively, was carried out by using a polyurethane reference material spiked with 14 VOCs during the course of 28 days. The area-specific emission rates obtained in the small chambers were always similar to those of the 203 L reference chamber after a few hours. This implies that smaller chambers can provide at least useful numbers on the extent of polymer-based consumer product emissions into indoor air, thereby supporting meaningful exposure assessments.
MOS table models for circuit simulation (2005)

Compact MOSFET models for circuit simulation face several competing requirements, such as fast execution times, good accuracy and small memory requirements. This paper describes novel interpolation methods for accurate evaluation of MOSFET characteristics in weak, moderate, and strong inversion regions. These methods form the basis of a new table look-up model implemented in SPICE3F5. The table model provides great flexibility in adjustment of the simulation accuracy, speed, and memory consumption by providing a choice of interpolations and data tables. Application of the model to circuit simulation gives very accurate results in dc, transient, and ac analyses.
Frequency of Fetal Cells in Sorted Subpopulations of Nucleated Erythroid and CD34+ Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells From Maternal Peripheral Blood (1997)

Fetal cells that circulate in maternal peripheral blood (PB) during pregnancy offer a potential source of nucleated fetal material for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to target two populations of fetal cells: nucleated erythroid cells (NECs; CD71/glycophorin-A+ CD45(lo-int) CD34-) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+ cells; CD34++ CD71/glycophorin-A- CD45(int)). Fetal cells were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using directly conjugated chromosome X and Y probes in 65% (13 of 20) of the maternal PBs (fetal karyotype 46,XY). The frequency of fetal cells isolated from the NEC and CD34+ fractions was, respectively, 0 to 14 and 0 to 7 cells per 2 x 10(7) previously frozen maternal cells (approximately 20 mL of blood). In nonfrozen samples, the yield and recovery of fetal cells was moderately improved. Culturing the CD34+ sorted fractions in serum-free media with cytokines improved the quality of the FISH preparations and resulted in a slight expansion in detectable fetal cells. The frequency of fetal cells isolated from cultured CD34+ fractions was 0 to 35 and 0 to 93 cells per 2 x 10(7) previously frozen and nonfrozen maternal PB cells, respectively. These results document the isolation, characterization, and enumeration of fetal cells from the maternal periphery that appear to be present in most, but not all, samples analyzed.
The effects of intrathecal midazolam on sympathetic nervous system reflexes in man‐a pilot study. (1987)

Nine patients were given intrathecal injections of midazolam (dose 0.3-2 mg dissolved in 3 ml 5% dextrose). No changes in motor power or general sensation were produced. Resting heart rate and blood pressure were unchanged and normal valsalva manoeuvres were elicited 30 min post-injection. Cardiovascular responses were provoked at a light plane of anaesthesia by intubation of the trachea and manipulation of peritoneum and bowel but not by surgical incision of the skin. Intrathecal administration of midazolam relieved post-operative pain of somatic origin but not of visceral origin. It is concluded that intrathecal midazolam in the dosage used interrupts somatic nociceptive afferent pathways but not abdominal visceral nociceptive afferent pathways.
The Interconnection between Sympathetics, Microcirculation, and Insulin Resistance in Hypertension (1992)

The pathophysiology of the frequent association of insulin resistance and hypertension has not been elucidated. The skeletal muscle is the major site of insulin resistance; when stimulated with insulin, the hypertensive skeletal muscles extract less glucose than the normotensive. We postulate that hypertension-related changes in the skeletal muscle microcirculation contribute to the impaired glucose uptake in hypertension. Vascular rarefaction in hypertension impairs the delivery of insulin and glucose to muscle cells. Insulin resistance has been described both in human and experimental hypertension and both conditions are associated with vascular rarefaction. Functional studies (response to whole body or forearm exercise) and anatomic investigations (conjunctival photography, mesenteric and muscle biopsies) show vascular rarefaction in human hypertension. In addition, patients with hypertension are known to have a larger proportion of insulin resistant, poorly vascularized fast twitch muscle fibers. A few interventions can increase or decrease insulin resistance and these effects can be explained on hemodynamic grounds. Beta adrenergic blocking agents aggravate insulin resistance, and their main hemodynamic effect is a decrease of cardiac output. Converting enzyme inhibitors, alpha adrenergic blocking agents and possibly calcium antagonists decrease the insulin resistance, and their major hemodynamic effect is vasodilation. Physical training decreases insulin resistance; a higher capillary density in skeletal muscles is the hallmark of physical training. A hypothesis ought to rest on sufficient supporting data and its validity ought to lend itself to experimental verification. We believe our hypothesis meets both criteria. After outlining the supporting evidence we propose a number of tests to prove or disprove the hypothesis. In addition to the testable hypothesis we also speculate on the possible cause of the frequent association between hypertension and insulin resistance. We propose that both insulin resistance and blood pressure elevation represent a facet of the "defense reaction" which might have offered an early survival advantage and may, over evolutionary times, have fostered natural selection of subjects with both conditions.
Endophyte-Host Associations in Grasses. XVI. Patterns of Endophyte Distribution in Species of the Tribe Agrostideae (1992)

Distribution of Acremonium endophytes in several species of Agrostideae is determined through surveys conducted in the field and in grass herbaria. Widespread geographic distribution of Acremonium in a particular grass species may indicate early colonization of the grass as a host, while a narrow pattern of geographic distribution suggests more recent colonization of the grass. Two grasses that appear to show a narrow endophyte distribution include Agrostis alba and Ammophila breviligulata. Cultural features of endophytes from several grasses are compared. A new variety of Acremonium typhinum is proposed to accommodate the endophyte from A. breviligulata. An endophyte in Agrostis alba is identified as Acremonium starrii. It is also suggested that Acremonium endophytes are spreading in grasses and may be progressively colonizing new hosts.
Effect of metallic additives (M) on the exchange coupling of antiferromagnetic CrMnMx films to a ferromagnetic Ni81Fe19 film (1997)

Among metal additives M(M:Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, and Cu) of antiferromagnetic CrMnMx films, Pd was the most suitable M for obtaining large exchange coupling. For the 50 nm CrMnPd5/40 nm Ni81Fe19 films, the exchange coupling field of ∼28 Oe and the blocking temperature of ∼380 °C could be obtained. The CrMn(Pt, Pd, or Rh)x films having the optimum content of ∼8, ∼5, or ∼11 at.% exhibited the same high blocking temperature. The high blocking temperature of the CrMnPt8, CrMnPd5, and CrMnRh11 films was attributed to the nearest neighbor Mn–Mn within the respective films being at the same distance as that at which the Mn–Mn exchange integral showed the maximum negative value.
FATTY ACID ESTERS AND CARBONATES IN GRAPE DRYING (1980)

ABSTRACT Tests were conducted to determine the effect of different treatment variables on grape drying rate: changes in fatty acid ester and carbonate levels, and the effectiveness of potassium carbonate as compared to sodium carbonate. Methyl oleate‐potassium carbonate (1:l) increased drying rates during the first 8 days; an excess of carbonate further accelerated drying. A 10%:2% potassium carbonate: methyl oleate dip doubled the drying rate compared to a 2%:2% dip. Sodium carbonate was less effective than potassium. Treatment with increasing carbonate levels increases drying rates.
Public Key Watermarking By Eigenvectors Of Linear Transforms (2000)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000