gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stage-specific expression of c-kit protein by murine hematopoietic progenitors (1993)

We have analyzed c-kit expression by hematopoietic progenitors from normal and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice by staining with monoclonal anti-c-kit antibody ACK-4. Marrow cells that were enriched for progenitors by a combination of metrizamide density separation and negative immunomagnetic selection with lineage-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) were separated into three populations based on the level of c-kit expression, c-kit(high), c-kit(low), and c-kit-. The majority of colony-forming cells from normal mice were in c-kit(high) population, whereas most of the progenitors from 5-FU-treated mice were in the c-kit(low) population. Optimal colony formation from c-kit(low) cells from 5-FU-treated mice required the interactions of at least two factors among interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-11 and steel factor (SF) whereas colony formation from c-kit(high) cells of normal mice was supported well by IL-3 alone. Blast cells that were derived from 5-day culture of c-kit(low) post 5-FU cells were c-kit(high). These observations suggest that the primitive hematopoietic progenitors in cell cycle dormancy are c-kit(low) whereas actively cell cycling maturer progenitors are c-kit(high). Mature cells, with the exception of mast cells, derived from secondary culture of the c-kit(high) blast cells expressed little, if any, c-kit. These results are consistent with a model in which c-kit expression progresses from low levels on primitive, dormant multipotent progenitors to high levels on later, actively cycling progenitors, and finally, decreases to very low or undetectable levels on most mature blood cells, with the exception of mast cells.
Two-photon-absorption photodiodes in Si photonic-crystal slow-light waveguides (2013)

We demonstrate two-photon-absorption photodiodes in Si photonic-crystal waveguides, which shows wideband low-dispersion slow light. The device was fabricated on SOI substrate by CMOS-compatible process. The responsivity was improved by higher group indexes of slow light up to 0.052 A/W for pulses at wavelengths around 1550 nm with a 2.7 ps width and sub-watt peak powers. We applied this device to an optical correlator and dispersion detector. In the former, the correlation waveforms of 0.7−10 ps pulses were observed with small errors. In the latter, photocurrents inversely proportional to the pulse width were detected.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Heterogeneous Palladium‐Catalysed Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction (2012)

Abstract Review: 146 refs.
A 530mV 10-lane SIMD processor with variation resiliency in 45nm SOI (2012)

Near-threshold computing exhibits improved energy efficiency compared to nominal super-threshold operation [1, 2]. Two critical bottlenecks prevent mainstream adoption of low-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> operation: degraded logic delay resulting in significantly lower throughput than at super-threshold, and excessive, unpredictable delay variation caused by increased sensitivity to process and dynamic variations.
Symmetric capacity of optimal sequences in quasi-scalable CDMA systems (2005)

We evaluate the symmetric capacity of the OCDMA/OCDMA (O/O) signature sets that maximize the sum capacity in quasi-scalable CDMA systems. It is found that the symmetric capacity is equal to the sum capacity for randomly scrambled O/O
A Plasmodium sporozoite protein with a membrane attack complex domain is required for breaching the liver sinusoidal cell layer prior to hepatocyte infection† (2004)

Plasmodium sporozoites are injected into the mammalian host during mosquito blood feeding and carried by the blood stream to the liver, where they infect hepatocytes and develop into erythrocyte-invasive forms. To reach the hepatocytes, sporozoites must cross the liver sinusoidal cell layer, which separates the hepatocytes from the circulatory system. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which sporozoites breach this cellular barrier. Here we report that a protein with a membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF)-related domain is involved in this step. This molecule is specifically expressed in liver-infective sporozoites and localized in micronemes, organelles engaged in host cell invasion. Gene disruption experiments revealed that this protein is essential for the membrane-wounding activity of the sporozoite and is involved in its traversal of the sinusoidal cell layer prior to hepatocyte-infection. Disruptants failed to leave the circulation, and most of them were eliminated from the blood by liver perfusion. Our results suggest that rupture of the host plasma membrane by the pore-forming activity of this molecule is essential for cell passage of the sporozoite. This report is the first to demonstrate an important role of a MACPF-related protein in host cell invasion by a pathogenic microorganism.
Asymmetric, Protecting‐Group‐Free Total Synthesis of (−)‐Englerin A (2010)

The golden touch: Total synthesis of natural (−)-englerin A from (R)-citronellal has been achieved using a gold-catalyzed cyclization as the key step (see scheme). No protecting-group manipulations were required in the synthetic sequence. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Dendritic Supramolecular Assembly with Multiple Ru(II) Tris(bipyridine) Units at the Periphery:  Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Electrochemical Study (2000)

A supramolecular assembly with eight peripheral ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridine), [Ru(bpy)3]2+, units covalently linked to a carbosilane dendrimer platform has been synthesized. 1H NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry confirm the target structure. Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies disclose that the identical [Ru(bpy)3]2+ units in this system interact neither in the ground state nor in the excited state. In acetonitrile solutions of identical molar concentration of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ units, both the dendrimer and reference monomeric [Ru(bpy)2(4-octoxy-2,2‘-bipyridine)]2+ exhibit identical absorption and emission spectra. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that the dendrimer and monomer possess the same redox potentials of the metal-centered oxidation process [Ru(bpy)3]2+/3+ and the first ligand-centered reduction process [Ru(bpy)3]1+/2+. The abnormal redox peaks of the [Ru(bpy)3]0/1+ and [Ru(bpy)3]1-/0 transitions of the dendrimer are attributed to the accumulation of neutral dendrimer on the electrode. A preliminary study of the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in tripropylamine−acetonitrile solution indicates that the ECL intensity of the dendrimer with eight [Ru(bpy)3]2+ units is 5 times higher than that of the reference monomeric species. Therefore, the molar emission, generated either by photoexcitation or by electrochemical excitation, can be amplified by incorporating multiple luminophores into a multibranch platform without significantly changing the redox and photophysical properties. The possible use of supramolecular assemblies as labels for biodiagnostics is discussed.
Positive and Negative Regulation of Angiogenesis by Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 (2018)

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1 exists in different forms, derived from alternative splicing of the same gene. In addition to the transmembrane form, endothelial cells produce a soluble VEGFR-1 (sVEGFR-1) isoform, whereas non-endothelial cells produce both sVEGFR-1 and a different soluble molecule, known as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt)1-14. By binding members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, the soluble forms reduce the amounts of VEGFs available for the interaction with their transmembrane receptors, thereby negatively regulating VEGFR-mediated signaling. In agreement with this activity, high levels of circulating sVEGFR-1 or sFlt1-14 are associated with different pathological conditions involving vascular dysfunction. Moreover, sVEGFR-1 and sFlt1-14 have an additional role in angiogenesis: they are deposited in the endothelial cell and pericyte extracellular matrix, and interact with cell membrane components. Interaction of sVEGFR-1 with α5β1 integrin on endothelial cell membranes regulates vessel growth, triggering a dynamic, pro-angiogenic phenotype. Interaction of sVEGFR-1/sFlt1-14 with cell membrane glycosphingolipids in lipid rafts controls kidney cell morphology and glomerular barrier functions. These cell⁻matrix contacts represent attractive novel targets for pharmacological intervention in addition to those addressing interactions between VEGFs and their receptors.
Interaction between water soluble polymers and surfactants (2001)

Based on literature data and some own results a short review of regularities, driving forces and mechanisms of interaction for different classes of polymers and surfactants is given. The main investigation methods of polymer-surfactant systems are described.
An 80mW 40Gb/s 7-Tap T/2-Spaced FFE in 65nm CMOS (2009)

The ever-increasing demand for higher communication bandwidth is pressuring the industry to produce links with 40 Gb/s data rate. At this data rate, channel dispersion greatly limits the transmission length, making deployment of dispersion compensators a necessity. Due to its fast adaptation speed and ease of integration within the transceiver, electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) is receiving a great deal of attention. An FFE is currently the most practical implementation of EDC for 40 Gb/s data rates, reflecting its advantages as a simple structure with moderate design complexity. Based on system-level simulations of a 40Gb/s SMF link and a T/2-spaced FFE, a 7-tap T/2-spaced FFE is implemented in this work.
Design of campus information platform client based on Android (2014)

For the widespread use of information management and educational process in the university and growing popularity of the intelligent mobile terminal,campus information platform of mobile network was designed for college students with the rapid development of the intelligent mobile development technology. This platform was developed on Android technology and MVC framework. In this title the architecture and function of this platform were analyzed detailly,the key technology in the project was introduced. This platform was tested and the result showed that it could run stably. The regulation function of design goal was realized.
Estimation of energy expenditure by a portable accelerometer (1983)

A small portable accelerometer was developed to estimate the energy expenditure of daily activities. The accelerometer is reported to be an improvement over movement counters currently on the market. The oxygen requirement of 14 different activities was measured in 21 subjects while each wore the accelerometer on the waist. A movement counter (mercury switch), which is available commercially, was also worn on the waist and another was worn on the left wrist. The reproducibility of the accelerometer readings was high (4 subjects, 14 activities; r = 0.94) and was superior to either the waist movement counter (r = 0.63) or the wrist movement counter (r = 0.74). In estimating oxygen requirement (VO2) the standard error of estimate, based on 21 subjects and 14 activities, was 6.6 ml X min-1 X kg-1 for the accelerometer. This was also better (smaller) than for the waist movement counter (9.2 ml X min-1 X kg-1) or for the wrist movement counter (7.9 ml X min-1 X kg-1).
Probing Cellular Dynamics with a Chemical Signal Generator (2009)

Observations of material and cellular systems in response to time-varying chemical stimuli can aid the analysis of dynamic processes. We describe a microfluidic "chemical signal generator," a technique to apply continuously varying chemical concentration waveforms to arbitrary locations in a microfluidic channel through feedback control of the interface between parallel laminar (co-flowing) streams. As the flow rates of the streams are adjusted, the channel walls are exposed to a chemical environment that shifts between the individual streams. This approach can be used to probe the dynamic behavior of objects or substances adherent to the interior of the channel. To demonstrate the technique, we exposed live fibroblast cells to ionomycin, a membrane-permeable calcium ionophore, while assaying cytosolic calcium concentration. Through the manipulation of the laminar flow interface, we exposed the cells' endogenous calcium handling machinery to spatially-contained discrete and oscillatory intracellular disturbances, which were observed to elicit a regulatory response. The spatiotemporal precision of the generated signals opens avenues to previously unapproachable areas for potential investigation of cell signaling and material behavior.
THE RELATIVE RATES OF BROMINATION OF THE OLEFINS<sup>1</sup> (1928)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE RELATIVE RATES OF BROMINATION OF THE OLEFINS1Harold S. DavisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1928, 50, 10, 2769–2780Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1928Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1928https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01397a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01397a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Real-Time Statistical Clustering for Event Trace Reduction (1997)

Event tracing provides the detailed data needed to under stand the dynamics of interactions among application resource demands and system responses. However, cap turing the large volume of dynamic performance data inherent in detailed tracing can perturb program execution and stress secondary storage systems. Moreover, it can overwhelm a user or performance analyst with potentially irrelevant data. Using the Pablo performance environ ment's support for real-time data analysis, we show that dynamic statistical data clustering can dramatically reduce the volume of captured performance data by identifying and recording event traces only from representative proc essors. In turn, this makes possible low overhead, interac tive visualization, and performance tuning.
1.5 μm diode laser-based nonlinear frequency conversions by using potassium titanyl phosphate (1992)

Both second harmonic and sum-frequency generations by using 1.5 μm diode lasers in a type II phase matched potassium titanyl phosphate are demonstrated for the first time. A maximum second harmonic output power of 1.0 μW is obtained with the use of an external builtup cavity, and a 0.23 μW sum-frequency output power at 0.54 μm is obtained by using 1.5 and 0.82 μm diode lasers.
Photoacoustic imaging: high-resolution optical imaging beyond the quasi-ballistic regime (2007)

Photoacoustic imaging can penetrate beyond ~1 mm into scattering biological tissues It is a hybrid functional imaging technology that combines high ultrasonic resolution and strong optical contrast in a single modality.
Purification d'une polygalacturonase de Rhizopus stolonifer (1987)

National audience
Case 6 (2014)

Abstract This is a case from the Venous Access section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Experiments in autonomous underground guidance (2002)

This paper presents the results of an experimental program for evaluating sensors and sensing technologies in an underground mining applications. The objective of the experiments is to infer what combinations of sensors will provide reliable navigation systems for autonomous vehicles operating in a harsh underground environment. Results from a wide range of sensors are presented and analysed. A conclusion as to the best combination of sensors is drawn.
Cigarettes and addiction (1995)

of the Royal College of Psychiatrists has written that the bill represents "the worst of both worlds.The mentally ill will be subject to the power of 'arrest' and to no apparent purpose.Psychiatrists remain deeply sceptical and believe that the bill will not provide the extra public safety which the Government is hoping for.""At a recent meeting of the Parliamentary All Party Mental Health Group all professional, user, and other relevant bodies (except the National Schizophrenia Fellowship, representing carers) heavily criticised the bill.It is therefore opposed by nearly all the groups that will implement or be affected by aftercare under supervision.The bill legally tinkers when what is needed is radical revision of the Mental Health Act 1983 designed to take account of the massive change in the provision of psychiatric services towards the community."2It will fail in its stated purpose because it attempts to substitute legal rules for resources.It should be resisted and, if enacted, ignored.It removes civil rights without offering any appreciable clinical benefit and thus eschews any principle of reciprocity.12
On-chip three-dimensional tumor spheroid formation and pump-less perfusion culture using gravity-driven cell aggregation and balanced droplet dispensing (2012)

This paper presents a spheroid chip in which three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroids are not only formed by gravity-driven cell aggregation but also cultured at the perfusion rates controlled by balanced droplet dispensing without fluidic pumps. The previous spheroid chips require additional off-chip processes of spheroid formation and extraction as well as bulky components of fluidic pumps. However, the present spheroid chip, where autonomous medium droplet dispensers are integrated on a well array, achieves the on-chip 3D tumor spheroid formation and perfusion culture using simple structure without bulky fluidic pumps. In the experimental study, we demonstrated that the spheroid chip successfully forms 3D tumor spheroids in the wide diameter range of 220 μm-3.2 mm (uniformity > 90%) using H358, H23, and A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. At the pump-less perfusion culture (Q = 0.1-0.3 μl/min) of spheroids, the number of H358 cells in the spheroid increased up to 50% from the static culture (Q = 0 μl/min) and the viability of the cultured cells also increased about 10%. Therefore, we experimentally verified that the perfusion environment created by the spheroid chip offers a favourable condition to the spheroids with high increase rate and viability. The present chip achieves on-chip 3D tumor spheroid formation and pump-less perfusion culture with simple structure, thereby exhibiting potential for use in integrated in-vivo-like cell culture systems.
Proton NMR of aequorin. Structural changes concomitant with calcium-independent light emission (1985)

Aequorin, a Ca(II)-sensitive bioluminescent protein from jellyfish, emits light at 469 nm from an excited state of a substituted pyrazine (oxyluciferin) which results from the oxidation of a chromophore molecule that is noncovalently bound to the protein. The chromophore is oxidized when Ca(II) or other activating metal ions are bound by aequorin. In the absence of Ca(II), spontaneous emission of light, referred to as Ca(II)-independent light emission, occurs at a rate less than 10(-6) of that for Ca(II)-induced emission. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence were used to study structural changes of aequorin accompanying Ca(II)-independent light emission. Time course studies by 1H NMR and CD demonstrate that as a result of Ca(II)-independent light emission, aequorin progressively changes from a rigid, fully active form showing little segmental mobility to a practically unfolded, discharged (i.e., inactive) form in which a number of amino acid residues are significantly mobile. This slow discharged protein (SDP) is distinct in nature and conformation from aequorin which has been discharged by Ca(II), i.e., the blue fluorescent protein. The rate of Ca(II)-independent discharge of aequorin is substantially reduced in the presence of excess Mg(II); the time constant for inactivation at 5 degrees C is 30 days with no Mg(II) present and 70 days with Mg(II) present. The NMR spectra are nearly identical at a given stage of inactivation whether or not Mg(II) is present. Oxyluciferin remains bound to SDP. If it is removed, however, by column chromatography, the resulting apo-SDP partially refolds, and the segmental mobility acquired in the formation of SDP is significantly attenuated particularly for some of the aromatic amino acid residues.
Collagen Orientation and Molecular Spacing During Creep and Stress-Relaxation in Soft Connective Tissues (1998)

Collagen fibres form cross-helical, cross-ply or quasi-random feltworks in extensible connective tissues; strain-induced reorientation of these networks gives rise to the non-linear mechanical properties of connective tissue at finite strains. Such tissues are also generally viscoelastic (i.e. display time-dependent properties). The hypothesis that time-dependent reorientation of collagen fibres is responsible for the viscoelasticity of such tissues is examined here using time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements during stress-relaxation and creep transients applied to rat skin and bovine intramuscular connective tissue. Differences in the intensity and angular orientation of the third and fifth orders of the 67 nm meridional D-spacing of collagen molecules were shown before and after the application of loads or displacements. However, no changes in the D-spacing or angular orientation of collagen occurred during the time course of either stress-relaxation or creep in both tissues. This indicates that collagen fibre reorientation is not a primary source of their viscoelastic properties. The non-linear (strain-dependent) nature of the stress-relaxation response in these tissues suggests that relaxation processes within the collagen fibres or at the fibre-matrix interface may be responsible for their viscoelastic nature.