gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supervised Learning Using Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity of Memristive Synapses (2015)

We propose a supervised learning model that enables error backpropagation for spiking neural network hardware. The method is modeled by modifying an existing model to suit the hardware implementation. An example of a network circuit for the model is also presented. In this circuit, a three-terminal ferroelectric memristor (3T-FeMEM), which is a field-effect transistor with a gate insulator composed of ferroelectric materials, is used as an electric synapse device to store the analog synaptic weight. Our model can be implemented by reflecting the network error to the write voltage of the 3T-FeMEMs and introducing a spike-timing-dependent learning function to the device. An XOR problem was successfully demonstrated as a benchmark learning by numerical simulations using the circuit properties to estimate the learning performance. In principle, the learning time per step of this supervised learning model and the circuit is independent of the number of neurons in each layer, promising a high-speed and low-power calculation in large-scale neural networks.
Cobalt-Free Nickel Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2013)

We propose a feasibility of Co-free Ni-rich Li(Ni(1-x)Mn(x))O2 layer compound. Li(Ni(1-x)Mn(x))O2 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) have been synthesized by a coprecipitation method. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction and microscopic studies reveal dense and spherical secondary particles of highly crystalline phase with low cation mixing over the whole compositions, implying successful optimization of synthetic conditions. Electrochemical test results indicated that the Co-free materials delivered high capacity with excellent capacity retention and reasonable rate capability. In particular, Li(Ni0.9Mn0.1)O2, which possesses the lowest cation mixing in the Li layers among samples, exhibited exceptionally high rate capacity (approximately 149 mAh g(-1) at 10 C rate) at 25 °C and high discharge capacity upon cycling under a severe condition, in the voltage range of 2.7-4.5 V at 55 °C. The cation mixing in Li(Ni0.9Mn0.1)O2 increased slightly even after the extensive cycling at the elevated temperature, which is ascribed to the structural integrity induced from the optimized synthetic condition using the coprecipitation.
The analysis of the acceleration of the vehicle for assessing the condition of the driver (2012)

The article describes the analysis of the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle when driving, which indirectly reflects the behaviour of the driver. Our aim is to verify the options for assessing the condition of the driver that are provided by analysis of lateral and longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle. The steps taken, the types of metrics and their relevance for reliable acquisition of information about the medium-and short-term factors of the condition of the driver are described.
First Unaffected Pregnancy Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Sickle Cell Anemia (1999)

This first unaffected pregnancy resulting from PGD for sickle cell anemia demonstrates that the technique can be a powerful diagnostic tool for carrier couples who desire a healthy child but wish to avoid the difficult decision of whether to abort an affected fetus.
Distribution of the gut hormones in the primate intestinal tract. (1979)

Reliable and specific radioimmunoassays have been developed for the gut hormones secretin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, pancreatic glucagon, VIP, GIP, motilin, and enteroglucagon. Using these assays, the relative pattern of distribution of the gut hormones has been determined using the same bowel extracts for all measurements. VIP occurred in high concentration in all regions of the bowel, whereas secretin, GIP, motilin, and CCK were predominantly localised in the proximal small intestine. Pancreatic glucagon was almost exclusively confined to the pancreas. Like VIP, enteroglucagon also exhibited a wide pattern of distribution but was maximal in the ileum. The acid ethanol extraction method that was used was found to be unsuitable for gastrin. On gel chromatography of the extracts, motilin and VIP eluted as single molecular species in identical position to the pure porcine peptides. CCK, pancreatic glucagon, enteroglucagon and GIP were all multiform.
Design and Synthesis of Potent and Selective α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub>Integrin Antagonists (2001)

Interactions of the integrins alpha(4)beta(7) with its cognate ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) play a crucial role in the development of mucosa-associated lymphoid organs, in the generation of mucosal immune responses, and in diverse pathological processes such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease and type I diabetes. Using a previously developed spatial screening technique we describe the development of potent and selective alpha(4)beta(7) integrin antagonists based on the domain 1 Leu-Asp-Thr (LDT) sequence of MAdCAM-1 that is essential for alpha(4)beta(7) integrin binding. A library of homodetic cyclic penta- and hexapeptides was synthesized presenting the pharmacophoric LDT-sequence in different conformations. The cyclic hexapeptide P10 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Ala-D-Pro-Ala) inhibits alpha(4)beta(7) integrin mediated cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1 effectively. Further optimization of the lead structure P10 resulted in cyclic hexapeptides with enhanced activity. The compounds P25 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Ala-D-Pro-Phe), P28 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Asp-D-Pro-Phe), P29 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Asp-D-Pro-His), and P30 cyclo(Leu-Asp-Thr-Asp-D-Pro-Tyr) strongly inhibited alpha(4)beta(7) integrin mediated cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1, but they did not affect binding of the closely related alpha(4)beta(1) integrin to VCAM-1.
Dynamic range prediction for an electric vehicle (2013)

Electric Vehicles (EVs) have limited energy storage capacity and the maximum autonomy range is strongly dependent of the driver's behaviour. Due to the fact of that batteries cannot be recharged quickly during a journey, it is essential that a precise range prediction is available to the driver of the EV. With this information, it is possible to check if the desirable destination is achievable without a stop to charge the batteries, or even, if to reach the destination it is necessary to perform an optimized driving (e.g., cutting the air-conditioning, among others EV parameters). The outcome of this research work is the development of an Electric Vehicle Assistant (EVA). This is an application for mobile devices that will help users to take efficient decisions about route planning, charging management and energy efficiency. Therefore, it will contribute to foster EVs adoption as a new paradigm in the transportation sector.
Pseudolite applications in positioning and navigation: Modelling and geometric analysis (2001)

The author expounds the idea that soil protozoa, whose vegetative forms and cysts can harbor the plague agent for fairly prolonged periods of time, can be a major player in the epizootiology of plague. It is also postulated that the symbiotic protozoa of the digestive tract of rodents and lagomorpha can also be a reservoir of the plague agent. If this is so, among apparent epizootic cycles in mammalians in wild plague foci one should look for Yersinia pestis in the protozoa from the burrows of their primary and secondary carriers. Because parasitism of bacteria in one-celled animals is essentially epizootic, plague epizootics are presumed to be a permanent process.
Community acquired Clostridium difficile infection due to a moxifloxacin susceptible ribotype 027 strain (2008)

Sir,Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased in frequency and severity in North America and Europe over the last 5 y, largely due to emergence of the epidemic ribotype 027 strain. In con...
Fatigue Crack Growth Modeling in Stiffened Panels Considering Residual Stress Effects (2010)

A model to determine Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) and simulate the fatigue crack growth in stiffened structures taking into consideration residual stresses is presented in this paper. The stress field required to estimate the SIF was calculated using the Finite Element Method (FEM) considering the residual stress as an initial condition. The residual stress field redistribution as a function of crack growth is taken into account using the Abaqus software. Specimens without and with residual stresses, resulting from different welding techniques, were considered for the present study. The residual stress fields can significantly deteriorate or improve the fatigue life of the structure, depending upon the location of the initial crack; consequently these effects should be analyzed and modelled in order to better understand the consequences of the application of the considered manufacturing processes.
Elimination of False-Locking in Long Loop Phase-Locked Receivers (1982)

Although long-loop phase-locked techniques are finding increasing application in the fields of mobile radio and satellite communications, their use has several drawbacks. Time delay associated with filtering processes within the loop gives rise to a degradation in acquisition capability, and information components entering the control loop cause a reduction in adjacent channel performance. In this paper, a split-loop technique is described, which eliminates false-locking, substantially improves the acquisition characteristics to that associated with a loop with zero time delay, and "cleans up" the first local oscillator spectrum. Furthermore, the technique is simple to implement.
Rescriptos para reserva de pensión (siglos XVI-XVIII) en el Bulario de la Catedral de Jaén (2002)

Se conservan en el Archivo catedralicio de Jaen seis rescriptos de gracia pontificios y directos para concesion de pension, una de las formas de desmembracion de beneficios eclesiasticos, sin contar con los numerosos diplomas, pontificios tambien, para detraer y asignar a favor de la catedral giennense y de su capilla aneja, el Sagrario, cantidades ingentes, gracias a las que se pudo acometer y concluir tan magna obra. Responden aquellos -pero no estos- a identica estructura, por lo que, ademas de algunas notas sobre la indole juridica de la pension, se presentan en este trabajo los estereotipos que constituyen el entramado de la tipologia documental de esos seis pergaminos, de modelo muy estable en la Cancilleria Pontificia, oficina encargada de su expedicion, a pesar de los casi doscientos cincuenta anos transcurridos entre el mas antiguo, 1538, y el reciente, 1779.
Editorial - A resposta da ciência à pandemia (2020)

mulheres (65.9 ± 4.9 anos) foram avaliadas e subdivididas em dois grupos: grupo normal (GN) e grupo osteopênico (GO).Massa óssea de colo de fêmur (MOCF) e composição corporal (gordura corporal total, massa magra de membros inferiores (MMMI) e massa óssea de membros inferiores (MOMI)) foram avaliadas por meio da DXA.
Rapid Assays for Evaluating the Drug Sensitivity of Tumor Cells2 (1977)

This paper presents the analysis and design of a three-phase high power factor rectifier, based on the dc-dc single-ended primary-inductance converter (SEPIC) operating in discontinuous conduction mode, with output voltage regulation and high frequency isolation. The input high power factor is naturally attained through the operational mode without the use of current sensors and a current control loop. To validate the theoretical analysis, a design example and experimental results for a 4-kW, 380-V line-to-line input voltage, 400-V output voltage, 0.998 power factor, 40-kHz switching frequency, and 4% input current total harmonic distortion laboratory prototype are presented, considering two distinct modulators. In addition, experimental results for the output voltage closed-loop control are presented.
Coaggregation, Cointernalization, and Codesensitization of Adenosine A2A Receptors and Dopamine D2Receptors (2002)

Antagonistic and reciprocal interactions are known to exist between adenosine and dopamine receptors in the striatum. In the present study, double immunofluorescence experiments with confocal laser microscopy showed a high degree of colocalization of adenosine A(2A) receptors (A(2A)R) and dopamine D(2) receptors (D(2)R) in cell membranes of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with human D(2)R and in cultured striatal cells. A(2A)R/D(2)R heteromeric complexes were demonstrated in coimmunoprecipitation experiments in membrane preparations from D(2)R-transfected SH-SY5Y cells and from mouse fibroblast Ltk(-) cells stably transfected with human D(2)R (long form) and transiently cotransfected with the A(2A)R double-tagged with hemagglutinin. Long term exposure to A(2A)R and D(2)R agonists in D(2)R-cotransfected SH-SY5Y cells resulted in coaggregation, cointernalization and codesensitization of A(2A)R and D(2)R. These results give a molecular basis for adenosine-dopamine antagonism at the membrane level and have implications for treatment of Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, in which D(2)R are involved.
The Ring-Loaded Corrugated Waveguide (1971)

The ring-loaded corrugated waveguide is shown to be very effective to the frequency broadbanding of the corrugated waveguide and the improvement of the transformer between the corrugated and uncorrugated waveguides.
Anonymous Group Implicit Certificate Scheme (2010)

We propose an anonymous identity-based public key group implicit certificate scheme to preserve the anonymity of mobile users in a communication network. The use of a standard public key certificate in a wireless communication network will allow unauthorized entities, who are listening to the communication channel, to identify and trace movements and locations of a mobile user using the user's unique public key in the certificate. The disclosure of such information may raise privacy concerns. In our proposed anonymous identity-based public key group implicit certificate scheme, recipients of a broadcasted message can authenticate the transmitter and validate the integrity of the message without identifying the transmitter. In case of a dispute and malicious activities, the identity of the mobile user who broadcasted the disputed message can be revealed only by a trusted authority.
An Overview of Electron Acceptors in Microbial Fuel Cells (2017)

Microbial fuel cells (MFC) have recently received increasing attention due to their promising potential in sustainable wastewater treatment and contaminant removal. In general, contaminants can be removed either as an electron donor via microbial catalyzed oxidization at the anode or removed at the cathode as electron acceptors through reduction. Some contaminants can also function as electron mediators at the anode or cathode. While previous studies have done a thorough assessment of electron donors, cathodic electron acceptors and mediators have not been as well described. Oxygen is widely used as an electron acceptor due to its high oxidation potential and ready availability. Recent studies, however, have begun to assess the use of different electron acceptors because of the (1) diversity of redox potential, (2) needs of alternative and more efficient cathode reaction, and (3) expanding of MFC based technologies in different areas. The aim of this review was to evaluate the performance and applicability of various electron acceptors and mediators used in MFCs. This review also evaluated the corresponding performance, advantages and disadvantages, and future potential applications of select electron acceptors (e.g., nitrate, iron, copper, perchlorate) and mediators.
Robust gene expression and mutation analyses of RNA-sequencing of formalin-fixed diagnostic tumor samples (2015)

Current genomic studies are limited by the availability of fresh tissue samples. Here, we show that Illumina RNA sequencing of formalin-fixed diagnostic tumor samples produces gene expression that is strongly correlated with matched frozen tumor samples (r > 0.89). In addition, sequence variations identified from FFPE RNA show 99.67% concordance with that from exome sequencing of matched frozen tumor samples. Because FFPE is a routine diagnostic sample preparation, the feasibility results reported here will facilitate the setup of large-scale research and clinical studies in medical genomics that are currently limited by the availability of fresh frozen samples.
Phase II Study on the Addition of ASA404 (Vadimezan; 5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-Acetic Acid) to Docetaxel in CRMPC (2010)

The study met some endpoints (prostate-specific antigen response, tumor response) but not others (i.e., time to tumor progression). The results indicate that the combination of ASA404 with docetaxel has acceptable toxicity, lacks adverse pharmacokinetic interaction, and, overall, has activity in CRMPC.
An optical actuation system and curvature sensor for a MR-compatible active needle (2012)

A side optical actuation method is presented for a slender MR-compatible active needle. The needle includes an active region with a shape memory alloy (SMA) wire actuator, where the wire generates a contraction force when optically heated by a laser delivered though optical fibers, producing needle tip bending. A prototype, with multiple side heating spots, demonstrates twice as fast an initial response compared to fiber tip heating when 0.8 W of optical power is applied. A single-ended optical sensor with a gold reflector is also presented to measure the curvature as a function of optical transmission loss. Preliminary tests with the sensor prototype demonstrate approximately linear response and a repeatable signal, independent of the bending history.
Television to Small Earth Stations (1976)

Television transmission to small inexpensive earth stations is now being explored using conventional domestic satellites. A number of alternatives exist for the technical formatting of the television signal. Some of the tradeoffs in video deviation, bandwidth, and location of the television sound for frequency modulated television are discussed in this paper. The paper is concluded with an example of a system design for the Alaskan Bush communities.
Integrating Segmentation and Similarity in Melodic Analysis (2002)

The recognition of melodic structure depends on both the segmen-tation into structural units, the melodic motifs, and relations of motifs which are mainly determined by similarity. Existing mod-els and studies of segmentation and motivic similarity cover only certain aspects and do not provide a comprehensive or coherent theory. In this paper an Integrated Segmentation and Similarity Model (ISSM) for melodic analysis is introduced. The ISSM yields an interpretation similar to a paradigmatic analysis for a given melody. An interpretation comprises a segmentation, assignments of related motifs and notes, and detailed information on the differ-ences of assigned motifs and notes. The ISSM is based on gener-ating and rating interpretations to find the most adequate one. For this rating a neuro-fuzzy-system is used, which combines knowl-edge with learning from data. The ISSM is an extension of a system for rhythm analysis. This paper covers the model structure and the features relevant for melodic and motivic analysis. Melodic segmentation and sim-ilarity ratings are described and results of a small experiment which show that the ISSM can learn structural interpretations from data and that integrating similarity improves segmentation performance of the model. 1.
Newer Aspects of Adenovirus Infections (1959)

Newer Aspects of Adenovirus Infections Harold S. Ginsberg CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.49.11.1480 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Enhancement of oral bioavailability of insulin in humans (2010)

Dimensional analysis results showed the superiority of formula 4:2 U/kg oral dose with 57 nm particle size over other oral formulations when compared with subcutaneous route. Optimized intestinal permeability coefficients (x10(-4)) of insulin best test and reference formulations were 0.084 and 0.179 cm/sec respectively. Total fraction of insulin dose absorbed (Fa) for the test and reference products were 3.0% and 19% respectively. Subcutaneous product exhibited higher absorption rate and extent than oral insulin. Yet that was compensated by the increase in other factors such as Fa*, Peff* and oral dose, leading to similar insulin plasma levels and similar effect on glucose infusion rates. Oral insulin bioavailability was shown promising for the development of oral insulin product.
Growth Characteristics of a Neurotoxin‐Producing Chloromonad <i>Fibrocapsa japonica</i> (Raphidophyceae) (1996)

Abstract The effects of temperature, salinity, irradiance and pH on the growth of Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae) were examined to determine how environmental factors affect the distribution of this species. Optimal growth was observed at temperatures of 15–25 C, salinities of 25–35 parts per thousand (ppt), irradiances of 60–140 μmol quanta/m 2 per s and pH between 7.5–8.5. Growth did not occur at temperatures below 10 C or above 30 C nor at salinities below 15 ppt. Fibrocapsa japonica grew when subjected to irradiances of 20–180 μmol quanta/m 2 per s, and could tolerate a pH range of 6.5–8.5.
What do Music Training and Musical Experience Teach Us About Brain Plasticity? (2009)

THIS ARTICLE SUMMARIZES THE MAIN EVIDENCE TO date regarding links between the brain and music. Musical expertise, often linked to early and intensive learning, is associated with neuroanatomical distinctive features that have been demonstrated through modern neuroimaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These distinctive features are present in several brain regions, all more or less involved either in gestural motor skill (therefore probably related to the use of an instrument) or auditory perception. There also is growing evidence that learning music has more general effects on brain plasticity. One important notion, related to this topic, is that of a probable "sensitive period," around 7 years of age, beyond which music-induced structural changes and learning effects are less pronounced. These data are discussed in the perspective of using music training for remediation in children with specific language and reading disorders.
Cytochromes c biogenesis in a photosynthetic bacterium requires a periplasmic thioredoxin-like protein. (1993)

Rhodobacter capsulatus is a Gram-negative photosynthetic bacterium that requires c-type cytochromes for photosynthetic electron transport. Our studies demonstrate that the gene helX is required for the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes in R. capsulatus. A helX chromosomal deletion mutant cannot grow photosynthetically, due to a deficiency of all c-type cytochromes. The predicted amino acid sequence of the helX gene product (176 residues) is related to that of thioredoxin and shares active-site homology with protein disulfide isomerase. Cytochrome c2-alkaline phosphatase gene fusions are used to show that HelX is not required for the transcription, translation, or secretion of apocytochrome c2. HelX-alkaline phosphatase and HelX-beta-galactosidase gene fusions are used to demonstrate that HelX is a periplasmic protein, which is consistent with the presence of a typical signal sequence in HelX. Based on these results, we propose HelX functions as a periplasmic disulfide oxidoreductase that is essential for cytochromes c biogenesis. This role is in accordance with the observation that both heme and the cysteines of apocytochromes c (Cys-Xaa-Yaa-Cys-His) must be in the reduced state for covalent linkage between the two moieties to occur.