gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of nitric oxide and nitric oxide‐derived species on prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and prostaglandin biosynthesis (1999)

Prostaglandins and NO. are important mediators of inflammation and other physiological and pathophysiological processes. Continuous production of these molecules in chronic inflammatory conditions has been linked to development of autoimmune disorders, coronary artery disease, and cancer. There is mounting evidence for a biological relationship between prostanoid biosynthesis and NO. biosynthesis. Upon stimulation, many cells express high levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS). There are reports of stimulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis in these cells by direct interaction between NO. and PGHS, but this is not universally observed. Clarification of the role of NO. in PGHS catalysis has been attempted by examining NO. interactions with purified PGHS, including binding to its heme prosthetic group, cysteines, and tyrosyl radicals. However, a clear picture of the mechanism of PGHS stimulation by NO. has not yet emerged. Available studies suggest that NO. may only be a precursor to the molecule that interacts with PGHS. Peroxynitrite (from O2.-+NO.) reacts directly with PGHS to activate prostaglandin synthesis. Furthermore, removal of O2.- from RAW 267.4 cells that produce NO. and PGHS inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis to the same extent as NOS inhibitors. This interaction between reactive nitrogen species and PGHS may provide new approaches to the control of inflammation in acute and chronic settings.
The DNA Repair Inhibitor DT01 as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Chemosensitization of Colorectal Liver Metastasis (2015)

Metastatic liver disease from colorectal cancer is a significant clinical problem. This is mainly attributed to nonresectable metastases that frequently display low sensitivities to available chemotherapies and develop drug resistance partly via hyperactivation of some DNA repair functions. Combined therapies have shown some disease control; however, there is still a need for more efficient chemotherapies to achieve eradication of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. We investigated the tolerance and efficacy of a novel class of DNA repair inhibitors, Dbait, in association with conventional chemotherapy. Dbait mimics double-strand breaks and activates damage signaling, consequently inhibiting single- and double-stranded DNA repair enzyme recruitment. In vitro, Dbait treatment increases sensitivity of HT29 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines. In vivo, the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and the efficacy of the cholesterol-conjugated clinical form of Dbait, DT01, were assessed. The chemosensitizing abilities of DT01 were evaluated in association with oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil in intrahepatic HT29 xenografted mice used as a model for colorectal cancer liver metastasis. The high uptake of DT01 indicates that the liver is a specific target. We demonstrate significant antitumor efficacy in a liver metastasis model with DT01 treatment in combination with oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (mean: 501 vs. 872 mm(2), P = 0.02) compared to chemotherapy alone. The decrease in tumor volume is further associated with significant histologic changes in necrosis, proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Repeated cycles of DT01 do not increase chemotherapy toxicity. Combining DT01 with conventional chemotherapy may prove to be a safe and effective therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metastatic liver cancer.
Microwave-assisted continuous flow synthesis on industrial scale (2012)

Abstract A continuous flow microwave system based on a transmission line short-circuited waveguide reactor concept is described. The continuous flow reactor is capable of operating in a genuine high-temperature/high-pressure process window (310°C/60 bar), applying a microwave transparent and chemical resistant cylindrical γ-Al 2 O 3 tube as reaction zone. The system can be operated in an extremely energy efficient manner, utilizing 0.6–6 kW microwave power (2.45 GHz). The application of the reactor for processing four chemical transformations in a high-temperature/high-pressure regime with a throughout of 3.5–6.0 l/h is demonstrated.
Potent modulation of P‐glycoprotein activity by naturally occurring phenylbutenoids from<i>Zingiber cassumunar</i> (2008)

Five phenylbutenoid derivatives from the rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) were evaluated for their P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitory effects in a P-gp over-expressing multidrug resistant (MDR) human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7/ADR. As a result, a phenylbutenoid dimer, (+/-)-trans-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene (1), exhibited highly potent P-gp inhibitory activity, decreasing the IC(50) value of daunomycin (DNM) to 4.31 +/- 0.40 microm in the cells (DNM IC(50) = 37.1 +/- 0.59 microm). The positive control, verapamil decreased the IC(50) value of DNM to 6.94 +/- 0.40 microm. Three phenylbutenoid monomers, 2-4 from this plant, also resulted in a significant decrease in the IC(50) values of DNM compared with the control. In particular, compound 1 markedly enhanced [(3)H]-DNM accumulation and significantly reduced [(3)H]-DNM efflux compared with the control, and this effect was more potent than that of verapamil, a well-known P-gp inhibitor. These results suggest that compound 1 of Z. cassumunar can be developed as a potent chemo-sensitizing agent that reverses P-gp-mediated MDR in human cancer chemotherapy.
The Friedel-Crafts Condensation of trans-2-Hydroxycyclohexaneacetic Acid Lactone with Aromatic Hydrocarbons. I. Benzene and Naphthalene (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Friedel-Crafts Condensation of trans-2-Hydroxycyclohexaneacetic Acid Lactone with Aromatic Hydrocarbons. I. Benzene and NaphthaleneDonald D. Phillips and D. N. ChatterjeeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 6, 1360–1366Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01539a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01539a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genome sequence and analysis of Escherichia coli production strain LS5218 (2017)

<i>Escherichia coli</i> strain LS5218 is a useful host for the production of fatty acid derived products, but the genetics underlying this utility have not been fully investigated. Here, we report the genome sequence of LS5218 and a list of large mutations and single nucleotide permutations (SNPs) relative to <i>E. coli</i> K-12 strain MG1655. We discuss how genetic differences may affect the physiological differences between LS5218 and MG1655. We find that LS5218 is more closely related to <i>E. coli</i> strain NCM3722 and suspect that small genetic differences between K-12 derived strains may have a significant impact on metabolic engineering efforts.
Oxidation, photosensitized by certain diketones, of enzymes and protection against such oxidation by histidine derivatives (1982)

Bovine milk lactoperoxidase, eel acetylcholinesterase, and Aeromonas aminopeptidase were photooxidized and inactivated in broad-spectrum visible light in the presence of 2,3-butanedione and 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. Methylglyoxal caused similar effects at 254 nm. 2-Thiol-L-histidine and 3-methyl-L-histidine protected the enzymes against photoinactivation more effectively then N3-, even at a molar ratio of 2:1 (protector to enzyme). These compounds also delayed the photoinactivation of acetylcholinesterase, induced by ultraviolet light.
Data forwarding in scalable shared-memory multiprocessors (1995)

Article Free Access Share on Data forwarding in scalable shared-memory multiprocessors Authors: D. A. Koufaty Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, ILView Profile , X. Chen Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, ILView Profile , D. K. Poulsen Kuck and Associates, Inc., Champaign, IL and Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL Kuck and Associates, Inc., Champaign, IL and Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, ILView Profile , J. Torrellas Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL Center for Supercomputing Research and Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, ILView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICS '95: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on SupercomputingJuly 1995 Pages 255–264https://doi.org/10.1145/224538.224569Published:03 July 1995Publication History 50citation272DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations50Total Downloads272Last 12 Months23Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Database buffer paging in virtual storage systems (1977)

Three models, corresponding to different sets of assumptions, are analyzed to study the behavior of a database buffer in a paging environment. The models correspond to practical situations and vary in their search strategies and replacement algorithms. The variation of I/O cost with respect to buffer size is determined for the three models. The analysis is valid for arbitrary database and buffer sizes, and the I/O cost is obtained in terms of the miss ratio, the buffer size, the number of main memory pages available for the buffer, and the relative buffer and database access costs.
The Biofix absorbable rod. A preliminary report (1991)

An introduction to the biodegradable Biofix rod for use in podiatric surgery is presented. Its application for Austin-type bunionectomies is described. The advantages and shortcomings are compared to traditional internal fixation. For procedures necessitating osteotomy stability, the Biofix rod is another option for the podiatric surgeon.
The Ocean Weather Service (1949)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Repair of the Escherichia coli chromosome after in vivo scission by the EcoRI endonuclease. (1989)

We prepared a set of temperature-sensitive mutants of the EcoRI endonuclease. Under semipermissive conditions, Escherichia coli strains bearing these alleles form poorly growing colonies in which intracellular substrates are cleaved at EcoRI sites and the SOS DNA repair response is induced. Strains defective in SOS induction (lexA3 mutant) or SOS induction and recombination (recA56 and recB21 mutants) are not more sensitive to this in vivo DNA scission, whereas strains deficient in DNA ligase (lig4 and lig ts7 mutants) are extremely sensitive. We conclude that although DNA scission induces the SOS response, neither this induction nor recombination are required for repair. DNA ligase is necessary and may be sufficient to repair EcoRI-mediated DNA breaks in the E. coli chromosome.
Practical scheme for entanglement concentration (2001)

We present a realistic purification scheme for pure nonmaximally entangled states. In the scheme, two distant parties Alice and Bob first start with two shared but less entangled photon pairs to produce a conditional four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, and then perform a $45\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ polarization measurement onto one of the two photons at each location such that the remaining two photons are projected onto a maximally entangled state.
Noninvasive Imaging of Human Foveal Capillary Network Using Dual-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (2011)

The authors have demonstrated a technique for noninvasive imaging and semiautomated detection and analysis of foveal capillaries. In comparison with other studies, their method yielded lower capillary densities than histology but similar results to the current clinical gold standard, fluorescein angiography. The increased field of view of the DCAO instrument opens up new possibilities for high-resolution noninvasive clinical imaging of foveal capillaries.
Processes prevent detrimental effects from As and Hg in feedstocks (1993)

Calabash chalk (CaC) is an aluminium silicate hydroxide compound with heavy metal constituents, making it a potential neurotoxicant. Pregnant women often consume CaC as an antiemetic, which may interfere with the normal development of the foetal brain. Here, we evaluated the effects of CaC administration in pregnant rats on the brain of the offspring. Wistar rat dams were assigned to one of three groups: control, 200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg of a CaC suspension. Administrations lasted 14 days (gestation days 7-20). On day 14, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered and dams were allowed to term. Behavioural tests were performed on different days as the pups matured, and they were sacrificed on post-natal days 30 and 60. Brains were processed for histology and Western blotting. Results showed no significant differences in surface righting reflex, cliff avoidance, negative geotaxis and open-field activity. No hippocampal and somatosensory cortical cytoarchitectonic alterations and no significant signs of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) activation were observed. Neuronal nuclei counts showed variability in the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus of the CaC group. BrdU-positive cells were significantly lower in the 200 mg/kg group and higher in the 800 mg/kg group. Doublecortin-X-positive cells were not different in all the CaC groups. Astrocytes and microglia Western blotting quantification confirmed no significant increase in pup glial cells in adulthood. Prenatal consumption of CaC at indicated dosages may not be deleterious to the developing brain, especially after cessation of exposure and during maturation of the animal. However, the differences in neuronal and glial populations may be due to their ability to cope with CaC.
SN<sup>2</sup>Displacement of Carbohydrate Triflates by 9-Oximes of Erythromycin A and Of a Tylosin Derivative (1996)

ABSTRACT The preparation of 9-O-glycosyloxime derivatives of erythromycin A (1) and tylosin (2) is reported. Access to this new class of macrolides was achieved from (E)-9-oxime of erythromycin A (3) and 9-oxime of tylosin 20-(1,3-dithiane) (4), by successful displacement of triflates of suitably protected carbohydrates.
Noninvasive assessment of cardiac transplant rejection. A critical look at the approach to acute rejection. (1991)

The diagnosis of acute rejection remains a key issue in the management of the heart transplant recipient. Myocardial biopsy for tissue examination is the basic step for screening and diagnosis of acute rejection. Although endomyocardial biopsy is reliable, it is an inefficient approach to screening after transplantation and yielded only a 14% rate of positive results in the author's experience, from 1983 to 1990, of 568 biopsies. A reliable noninvasive method for screening acute rejection is therefore needed. Numerous noninvasive methods have been studied to monitor the systemic immune process against the allograft or to evaluate the effect of rejection on graft function and status. For 13 methods of evaluating immune process against the allograft the sensitivity and specificity ranged from 13% to 95% and 19% to 94% respectively. For nine methods of evaluating allograft function, sensitivity and specificity ranged from 60% to 93% and 65% to 97% respectively. Overall, methods monitoring allograft function and status have better results in predicting acute rejection. Nevertheless, the author estimated that 15 episodes of acute rejection would have been missed by these monitoring methods in his group of patients.
The binding and phosphorylation of Thr231 is critical for Tau’s hyperphosphorylation and functional regulation by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (2007)

Neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary lesions. The neurofibrillary lesions mainly consist of the hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein Tau predominantly expressed in the axon of CNS neurons. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau negatively affects its binding to tubulin and decreases the capacity to promote microtubule assembly. Among a number of proline-directed kinases capable of phosphorylating paired helical filament-Tau, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) was first identified as a Tau protein kinase I and has been demonstrated to phosphorylate Tau both in vivo and in vitro. However, the phosphorylation mechanism of Tau by GSK3beta remained unclear. In this study, we show that the T231 is the primary phosphorylation site for GSK3beta and the Tau227-237 (AVVRTPPKSPS) derived from Tau containing T231P232 motif is identified as the GSK3beta binding site with high affinity of a Kd value 0.82 +/- 0.16 mumol/L. Our results suggest that direct binding and phosphorylation of T231P232 motif by GSK3beta induces conformational change of Tau and consequentially alters the inhibitory activity of its N-terminus that allows the phosphorylation of C-terminus of Tau by GSK3beta. Furthermore, hyperphosphorylation reduces Tau's ability to promote tubulin assembly and to form bundles in N18 cells. T231A mutant completely abolishes Tau phosphorylation by GSK3beta and retains the ability to promote tubulin polymerization and bundle formation. Taken together, these results suggest that phosphorylation of T231 by GSK3beta may play an important role in Tau's hyperphosphorylation and functional regulation.
Fathers' and Mothers' Book Selection Preferences for Their Four Year Old Children Abstract (2001)

Twelve fathers and 12 mothers of four year olds were presented with 14 children's books representing various genres and were asked to select the five books they would read to their children in the coming week and to give reasons for their selections. They were then asked to identify those books they would not select and to provide reasons. There were some differences between mothers'/fathers' book selection and some differences between selecting for sons/daughters. Similar differences were noted in terms of those books which parents would not select.
Compositional and Functional Properties of Buttermilk: A Comparison Between Sweet, Sour, and Whey Buttermilk (2006)

Buttermilk is a dairy ingredient widely used in the food industry because of its emulsifying capacity and its positive impact on flavor. Commercial buttermilk is sweet buttermilk, a by-product from churning sweet cream into butter. However, other sources of buttermilk exist, including cultured and whey buttermilk obtained from churning of cultured cream and whey cream, respectively. The compositional and functional properties (protein solubility, viscosity, emulsifying and foaming properties) of sweet, sour, and whey buttermilk were determined at different pH levels and compared with those of skim milk and whey. Composition of sweet and cultured buttermilk was similar to skim milk, and composition of whey buttermilk was similar to whey, with the exception of fat content, which was higher in buttermilk than in skim milk or whey (6 to 20% vs. 0.3 to 0.4%). Functional properties of whey buttermilk were independent of pH, whereas sweet and cultured buttermilk exhibited lower protein solubility and emulsifying properties as well as a higher viscosity at low pH (pH <or= 5). Sweet, sour, and whey buttermilks showed higher emulsifying properties and lower foaming capacity than milk and whey because of the presence of milk fat globule membrane components. Furthermore, among the various buttermilks, whey buttermilk was the one showing the highest emulsifying properties and the lowest foaming capacity. This could be due to a higher ratio of phospholipids to protein in whey buttermilk compared with cultured or sweet buttermilk. Whey buttermilk appears to be a promising and unique ingredient in the formulation of low pH foods.
Effect of 1,25‐dihydroxy ‐ vitamin D<sub>3</sub> in itself or combined with hormone treatment in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis (1981)

Eighty-four normal women, 2.5--5 years after their natural menopause, participated in a controlled double-blind trial. The effect of various therapeutic regimens on postmenopausal bone mineral loss was measured by photonabsorptiometric determination of the bone mineral content of both forearms. The women were randomized into four treatment groups: 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) alone in a daily dose of 0.25 micrograms, oestrogens/gestagen alone or combined with 1,25(OH)2D3, and placebo. The groups treated with oestrogens/gestagen (without and with 1,25(OH)2D3) showed a similar increase in bone mineral content of about 1% during one year of treatment. In contrast, both the placebo group and the 1,25(OH)2D3 group demonstrated a decrease of 1.9% and 2.1%, respectively, within the same period of time. While 1,25(OH)2D3 did not alter the rate of bone loss, it caused the characteristic and pronounced increase in urinary calcium excretion (15%). It is concluded that 1,25 (OH)2D3 neither serves as an alternative nor as an additive to gonadal hormones in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Role Characteristics of Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies (1994)

Recent reports have demonstrated that humoral factors, especially antibodies elicited by xenoantigens, play an important role in the rejection of concordant cardiac xenografts. These induced antibodies, however, have not been well characterized. Therefore, we investigated the rejection mechanism, especially the role of humoral immunological responses in the concordant rat to mouse cardiac xenograft model. Lewis rat hearts transplanted into C3H/HeN mice were rejected in 5-6 days. The essential role of humoral factors in the rejection was demonstrated by histological analysis of the rejected hearts showing interstitial hemorrhage, scant cellular infiltration, and the dense deposition of mouse IgG, IgM, and C3 on the graft endothelial cells. In addition, mice that received hyperimmune serum (serum at the 10th day after transplantation) rejected rat hearts hyperacutely. Flow cytometrical analysis using cultured donor rat coronary endothelial cells demonstrated the xenoreactive antibodies of all subclasses, but especially strong reactivity of IgM and IgG2a in the serum at rejection. These xenoreactive antibodies were produced against not only MHC, but also non-MHC antigens on graft endothelial cells. In vivo depletion of L3T4+ T cells led to the suppression of xenoreactive antibody production and the prolongation of graft survival, indicating that antibody production in this model needs L3T4+ T cell help.