gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of coding to combat impulse noise on digital subscriber loops (1988)

The authors describe an approach to combatting impulse noise (IN) on digital subscriber loops using short-constraint length convolutional codes and Viterbi decoding operating in hard-decision-and-erasure mode. Attention is restricted to time-compression-multiplexing transmission schemes using bipolar, or alternate-mark inversion (AMI), line coding, and a rather idealized IN model, although the approach and general conclusions are more broadly applicable. They discuss the tradeoffs in choosing the channel encoding rate to yield an optimum compromise between error-control protection and the combined effects of intersymbol interference and crosstalk. Numerical results are demonstrated for selected typical line configurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (2014)

Measles vaccination: Targeted and non-targeted benefitsCDC reports: 2-dose regimen of chickenpox vaccine is a successPositive preliminary results from the CAPiTA studySeasonal flu vaccine associate with reduced stroke riskHPV vaccine shown to halve cervical abnormalitiesGlobal prize for mobile mast vaccine storage projectDevelopmental pathway of potent HIV-neutralizing antibodiesBurkholderia vaccine: US Dep of Defense collaborates with Bavarian Nordic
Passive T-bus with asymmetrical 4-port couplers (1980)

Abstract A newly designed 4-port coupler in planar technology is described. The axes of the coupling fibers are mutually offset as before, but the input fiber is thinner than the other three, and its diameter is matched to the emitting surface area of the light source serving as a transmitter. Low insertion loss and high coupling efficiency are realized through the choice of favorable dimensions. Graphs show the output coupling efficiency, input coupling loss, and insertion loss with step-index fibers as a function of the axial offset. The maximum number of terminals that can be connected to the T-bus is calculated for various conditions. The number of terminals is found to be about 40% higher than is possible with the coupler with four identical fibers.
An Interactive Video Information Terminal (1983)

The development of computer-controlled laser video disc players provides computer systems with access to thousands of highresolution video images. Roughly 50 000 individual pictures or nearly 30 minutes of full motion video can be randomly retrieved in a matter of seconds. Coupled with a touch sensitive display, a very exciting information retrieval system results. This paper documents a prototype video information terminal built using a laser video disc, an infrared touch sensing device, and a speaker phone, all controlled by a minicomputer. Our initial experience with this sytem is described.
RATCHET: real-time address trace compression hardware for extended traces (1994)

The address traces used in computer architecture research are commonly generated using software techniques that introduce time dilations of an order of magnitude or more. Such techniques may also omit classes of memory references that are important for accurate models of computer systems, such as instruction prefetches, operating system references, and interrupt activity.We describe a technique for capturing all classes of references in real time. RATCHET employs trace filtering hardware to reduce the bandwidth and storage requirements that have previously limited the usefulness of hardware-based tracing. In evaluating this technique using the ten SPEC89 benchmark programs running on a Sun-3/60 workstation, we found that a small filter cache achieves compression ratios in the 10-30 range during the startup section of the programs. Traces from the middle sections of the C programs achieved compression ratios of 20-30, while the FORTRAN codes produced ratios of 45-84. Traces from a smaller ionospheric simulator program were compressed by factors of 100.These filtered traces typically represent 36 million contiguous references.
Optimization of the&lt;tex&gt;$hbox SiO_2$&lt;/tex&gt;Content in CoPtCr-&lt;tex&gt;$hbox SiO_2$&lt;/tex&gt;Perpendicular Recording Media for High-Density Recording (2004)

Optimization of the SiO/sub 2/ content for high-density recording was discussed for {(Co/sub 90/Cr/sub 10/)/sub 80/Pt/sub 20/}/sub 100-Z/-{SiO/sub 2/}/sub Z/ perpendicular recording media. The grain size D/sub grain/ decreases significantly from 8.8 to 5.4 nm as the SiO/sub 2/ content Z increases from 0 to 14.4; however, no significant difference in c-axis orientation was observed. Magnetocrystalline anisotropy of grains maintains a large value of nearly 8/spl times/10/sup 6/ erg/cm/sup 3/, even at 10 at % SiO/sub 2/ addition, indicating a high potential of perpendicular anisotropy K/sub u/ to resist thermal agitation of magnetization. The coercivity H/sub c/ increases significantly as the SiO/sub 2/ increases, which is coincident with the reduction of the slope of magnetization curve /spl alpha/=4/spl pi/(dM/dH) due to the enhancement of grain isolation. The H/sub c/ shows a maximum at around 11 at % SiO/sub 2/ (nearly 30 vol % SiO/sub 2/). A further increase of SiO/sub 2/ reduces the value of H/sub c/ significantly, although the /spl alpha/ maintains a constant value of nearly 2, due to thermal agitation of magnetization. The media noise reduces significantly as the SiO/sub 2/ increases; however, the addition of SiO/sub 2/ beyond about 13 at % leads to a slight increases in media noise probably due to a significant increase of thermal agitation. The recording resolution D/sub 50/ shows a broad maximum of /spl sim/420 kFCI at around 11 at % SiO/sub 2/, suggesting that the D/sub 50/ is related to the media noise performance. Experimental results indicate that there is a tradeoff to be made between the thermal stability and media noise performance as a function of SiO/sub 2/ composition.
A bit-parallel, word-parallel, massively parallel associative processor for scientific computing (2002)

A simple but powerful parallel architecture based on the classical associative processor model, which allows bit-parallel computation and communication, is proposed. Complex operations such as multiplication execute in O(m) cycles, as opposed to O(m/sup 2/) for bit-serial machines. This permits very fast processing of floating-point data. A bit-parallel communication network that exploits associative data location independence is presented. It provides the system with a reconfiguration capability, which improves chip yield, as well as fault tolerance. The simplicity of the architecture lends itself to VLSI implementation and hence allows the construction of a bit-parallel, word-parallel, and massively parallel (P/sup 3/) computing system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A novel methodology for synthesis of dihydropyrazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents (2014)

A novel, simple, and efficient method for the synthesis of 4,5-dihydropyrazole derivatives has been developed. The reaction proceeded through the base-induced isomerization of easily accessible propargyl alcohols followed by cyclization of α,β-unsaturated hydrazones. Furthermore, selected compounds 3ab and 3ac exhibited good activities against Bel-7404 (human hepatoma cancer), HepG2 (human liver cancer), NCI-H460 (human lung cancer) and SKOV3 (human ovarian cancer) cell lines with IC50 in the range of 22-46 μmol L(-1).
The Relation Between Memory Improvement and QEEG Changes in Three Clinical Groups as a Result of EEG Biofeedback Treatment (2013)

It is important to understand the relation between changes in the quantitative EEG (QEEG) variables and memory changes as a result of the EEG biofeedback treatment. With this goal in mind, the senior author reviewed his clinical files from the last 5 years and examined the QEEG data addressing relative power and coherence changes and memory (auditory and reading) improvements. The groups involved included (a) normal individuals wanting to improve their cognitive functioning, (b) traumatic brain injured (TBI) subjects, and (c) (d) subjects who can best be classified as having a specific learning disability (SLD). The SLD group was divided between those who are (c) older than 14 (adults) and those who are (d) younger than 14 (children) in order to reference the appropriate age-related normative group values. The analysis revealed significant improvements in auditory and reading memory across all groups as well as changes on the QEEG variables. All of the groups were performing above the normative reference group on measures of auditory and reading memory in terms of percentage differences (24-97%) and standard deviations (1.28-1.85). The average auditory memory SD improvement was 1.52, whereas the average percentage change was 82%. For the reading task the average memory standard deviation improvement was 1.38, whereas the percentage improvement was 154%. The experimental group was performing 1.66 SD (68%) above the control group on auditory memory and .90 SD (52%) above the control group on reading memory measures. For the QEEG variables, the average raw value of the Spectral Correlation Coefficient (SCC) change for alpha was 6.1 points (2.09 SD), for SCC beta1 (13-32 Hz) 6.53 points (1.81 SD), and for beta2 (32-64 Hz) 7.5 points (1.77 SD). The changes on the relative power measures were less dramatic, albeit significant. These results underlie the importance of addressing the SCC values in EEG biofeedback treatment protocols.
A fitting machine learning prediction model for short-term mortality following percutaneous catheterization intervention: a nationwide population-based study (2019)

The DT model constructed using data from the NHIRD exhibited effective 30-day mortality prediction for patients with AMI following PCI.
Synthesis of Metal Complex Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage (2007)

A new procedure for the direct synthesis of metal complex hydrides, NaAlH4 and LiAlH4, has been developed through hydrogenation of their respective metal hydrides, NaH and LiH, with Al, both in the presence of a catalyst and in the presence of a liquid complexing agent. This procedure involves three steps: blending the TiCl3 catalyst precursor with reactants using dry high-pressure ball milling (HPBM) in hydrogen, hydrogenation using HPBM in hydrogen and tetrahydrofuran (THF), and vacuum filtration and drying. Essentially, pure NaAlH4 and LiAlH4 products were produced in high yield at ambient temperature and near ambient pressure. For the Na and Li systems, the Ti nanoparticles, stabilized in THF, together with the formation of a MAlH4·xTHF adduct (M = Na or Li), both facilitated the hydrogenation of MH at such mild conditions. For the Na system, x was equal to 4 or 8, but the interaction was very weak, and for the Li system, x was equal to 4, but the interaction was very strong. In general, THF, the Ti catalyst, and wet HPBM all played essential roles in promoting the hydrogenation reactions, which proceeded through either a direct pathway (2MH + 2Al + 3H2 → 2MAlH4), or a sequential pathway (6MH + 2Al + 3H2 → 2M3AlH6 followed by M3AlH6 + 2Al + 3H2 → 3MAlH4), with the formation of sodium hexahydridoaluminate limiting in the latter case. The same procedure was tried unsuccessfully for the direct synthesis of Mg(AlH4)2 from MgH2 and for AlH3 from Al.
Innovative Call Routing: Concept and Experimental Observations (2008)

In this paper we explore the service creation process for IMS based applications and investigate how IMS service capabilities such as presence and profile can beused to create application that gives user control and enrich the user experience. The use cases we have selected focus on an application we call Personal Inbound Call Routing (PICR), an inbound call routing service that allows incoming calls to be routed dynamically to the right person, based on individual profiles, presence information and real-time selection by the called party. We present a discussion of our findings and the issues we encountered in implementing this service prototype.
Wide dynamic range HDTV image sensor with aliasing suppression (1988)

A 2-megapixel CCD image sensor for a high-definition TV (HDTV) camera is proposed, in which signal processing in vertical CCD (charge-coupled device) registers and sub-Nyquist sampling are used. This sensor produces high-resolution (37-MHz horizontal scan frequency), suppresses aliasing, and also use a lower drive-clock frequency (18.5 MHz). Several imaging techniques are proposed for producing high-quality high-definition TV (HDTV) cameras. These are: temporally and specially offset imaging and at 3-CCD color imaging system using the proposed CCDs. The computer-simulated system is presented. The overall performance of the proposed CCD sensor and 3-CCD color imaging system are summarized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tissue-Specific and Developmentally Regulated Transcription of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Gene (1987)

Transcription of the rat and human IGF-2 gene loci is unusually complex. The pattern of expression of these genes varies both between tissues and within a given tissue during different stages of development. Alternative splicing or possibly transcriptional initiation events generate variant IGF-2 mRNAs that contain different 5'-untranslated leader sequences. These leader exon sequences are shared with non-IGF-2 mRNAs. Certain noncoding IGF-2 gene sequence elements are transcribed extensively and are found in multiple copies elsewhere in the human genome. Furthermore, IGF-2 mRNA levels are particularly high in a variety of human malignancies.
Soy-Based Chemicals and Materials (2014)

Biobased sources are becoming increasingly established in the chemicals and materials industry. This review is focused on vegetable based sources and soybeans in particular. With a long history of use and a variety of active development programs, soy products are being utilized in many established commercial products as well as appearing in new applications using emerging technology. Soy products are used in making methyl soyate solvents, oleochemicals and surfactants, paints and coatings, printing inks, polyols, thermoset plastics, elastomers and rubber compounds, plasticizers, adhesives, lubricants, paper, fibers, hydrogels, and other products. It is notable that soy-based products in adhesive, printing toner, alkyd paint, and dielectric fluid applications were recognized with the Presidents Green Chemistry Award. These initiatives are helping to achieve sustainable economic and societal progress within the constraints of environmental limits. The technologies discussed in this book illustrate the significant progress that is being made with soy-based chemicals and materials which can serve as examples for other biobased sources.
Discrete-event simulation for the design and evaluation of physical protection systems (2002)

Explores the use of discrete-event simulation for the design and control of physical protection systems for fixed-site facilities housing items of significant value. The paper begins by discussing several modeling and simulation activities currently being performed in designing and analyzing these protection systems and then discusses the capabilities that design/analysis tools should have. The authors then discuss in detail how some of these new capabilities have been implemented in software to achieve a prototype design and analysis tool. The simulation software technology provides a communications mechanism between a running simulation and one or more external programs. In the prototype security analysis tool, these capabilities are used to facilitate human-in-the-loop interaction and to support a real-time connection to a virtual reality model of the facility being analyzed. This simulation tool can be used for both training (in real-time mode) and facility analysis and design (in fast mode).
Antibodies against gamma-aminobutyric acid: specificity studies and immunocytochemical results. (1984)

Antibodies against gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutaraldehyde-lysine were obtained by using a procedure based upon (i) a high yield of coupling of GABA to protein carriers, (ii) the reduction of the resulting immunoreactive double bonds, and (iii) a protocol of alternative immunizations using different immunogens having in common only the GABA-glutaraldehyde-lysine segment. This strategy led to the use of the resulting GABA antiserum without further purification. Specificity controls have been carried out with a radiolabeled ligand, [3H]GABA-glutaraldehyde- prolylphenylalanyl -lysine , which mimicked the structure of the immunogen and the fixed hapten in the tissue. Displacement curves showed that the nearest coupled analogs, beta-alanine and glycine, cross-react poorly with GABA, requiring 175-fold or 795-fold higher concentrations, respectively. Immunocytochemical results indicated that the localization obtained with this GABA antiserum largely corresponds with that reported after glutamate decarboxylase immunocytochemistry. The approach may have general applicability to other small molecules such as amino acids.
Anti-cancer Effects of JKA97 Are Associated with Its Induction of Cell Apoptosis via a Bax-dependent and p53-independent Pathway (2008)

p53, one of the most commonly mutated genes in human cancers, is thought to be associated with cancer development. Hence, screening and identifying natural or synthetic compounds with anti-cancer activity via p53-independent pathway is one of the most challenging tasks for scientists in this field. Compound JKA97 (methoxy-1-styryl-9H-pyrid-[3,4-b]-indole) is a small molecule synthetic anti-cancer agent, with unknown mechanism(s). In this study we have demonstrated that the anti-cancer activity of JKA97 is associated with apoptotic induction via p53-independent mechanisms. We found that co-incubation of human colon cancer HCT116 cells with JKA97 inhibited HCT116 cell anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in nude mice and also induced a cell apoptotic response, both in the cell culture model and in a tumorigenesis nude mouse model. Further studies showed that JKA97-induced apoptosis was dramatically impaired in Bax knock-out (Bax(-/-)) HCT116 cells, whereas the knock-out of p53 or PUMA did not show any inhibitory effects. The p53-independent apoptotic induction by JKA97 was confirmed in other colon cancer and hepatocarcinoma cell lines. In addition, our results showed an induction of Bax translocation and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytosol in HCT116 cells, demonstrating that the compound induces apoptosis through a Bax-initiated mitochondria-dependent pathway. These studies provide a molecular basis for the therapeutic application of JKA97 against human cancers with p53 mutations.
Stain‐free 3D Nanoscopy of Living Cells (2016)

Abstract The cell is the basis of all life on earth. Therefore, being capable of directly observing and measuring the internal parts of a living cell would open a wealth of possibilities. However, due to the limitation of light used as a biological probe, revealing this internal structure is either strongly limited or requires strong and tedious modifications of observed cells. State‐of‐the art microscopy techniques rely on complicated procedures (risk of errors), which require difficult and time‐consuming preparations, are invasive to the cells (risk of damaging and results falsification), and still give rather limited results. This article presents a novel non‐invasive and tomographic imaging approach for quantitative analysis and differentiation of cell components. Changes in refractive index within the cell itself provide the contrast for labeling various organelles with high precision and at a high resolution. The method can be applied to the 3D examination of living cells and biological samples under various external stimuli or drugs.
A Role for 14-3-3τ in E2F1 Stabilization and DNA Damage-induced Apoptosis (2004)

Genotoxic stress triggers apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways. Recent studies have demonstrated a specific induction of E2F1 accumulation and a role for E2F1 in apoptosis upon DNA damage. Induction of E2F1 is mediated by phosphorylation events that are dependent on DNA damage-responsive protein kinases, such as ATM. How ATM phosphorylation leads to E2F1 stabilization is unknown. We now show that 14-3-3Ï, a phosphoserine-binding protein, mediates E2F1 stabilization. 14-3-3Ï interacts with ATM-phosphorylated E2F1 during DNA damage and inhibits E2F1 ubiquitination. Depletion of 14-3-3Ï or E2F1, but not E2F2 or E2F3, blocks adriamycin-induced apoptosis. 14-3-3Ï is also required for expression and induction of E2F1 apoptotic targets, such as p73, Apaf-1, and caspases, during DNA damage. Together, these data demonstrate a novel function for 14-3-3Ï in the regulation of E2F1 protein stability and apoptosis during DNA damage.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE STRUCTURE OF BENZIDINE (1923)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCONTRIBUTION TO THE STRUCTURE OF BENZIDINERoger Adams, J. E. Bullock, and W. C. WilsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1923, 45, 2, 521–527Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1923Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1923https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01655a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01655a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficient field emission from triode-type 1D arrays of carbon nanotubes (2009)

Carbon nanotube (CNT) emitters were formed on line-patterned cathodes in microtrenches through a thermal CVD process. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) self-organized along the trench lines with a submicron inter-CNT spacing. Excellent field emission (FE) properties were obtained: current densities at the anode (J(a)) of 1 microA cm(-2), 10 mA cm(-2) and 100 mA cm(-2) were recorded at gate voltages (V(g)) of 16, 25 and 36 V, respectively. The required voltage difference to gain a 1:10 000 contrast of the anode current was as low as 9 V, indicating that a very low operating voltage is possible for these devices. Not only a large number of emission sites but also the optimal combination of trench structure and emitter morphology are crucial to achieve the full FE potential of thin CNTs with a practical lifetime. The FE properties of 1D arrays of CNT emitters and their optimal design are discussed. Self-organization of thin CNTs is an attractive prospect to tailor preferable emitter designs in FE devices.