gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The regulation of dna synthesis and mitosis in multinucleate frog eggs (1966)

Abstract The timing of DNA synthesis and mitosis in normal eggs, in activated eggs, and in eggs containing several accessory nuclei has been studied in Xenopus. DNA synthesis was followed by injecting [3H] thymidine into the egg and detecting its subsequent incorporation into DNA by autoradiography. It was found that the accessory nuclei which were introduced into the egg during different phases of the cell cycle incorporated label and entered mitosis in synchrony with the resident egg and sperm nuclei if the introduced nuclei were released from the intact sperm. In eggs activated by pricking, the egg nucleus had synthesized DNA at a time when it would have done so during normal fertilization.
CT-1501R SELECTIVELY INHIBITS INDUCED INFLAMMATORY MONOKINES IN HUMAN WHOLE BLOOD EX VIVO (1994)

The effect of (R)-1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (CT-1501R; the nonproprietary name for CT-1501R approved by the United States Name Council is lisofylline), an inhibitor of second messenger signaling through phosphatidic acid, on release of endogenous mediators important in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was studied using the human whole blood ex vivo assay system. Human blood was stimulated with various endotoxin preparations, zymosan, or protein A, and the levels of secreted monokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CT-1501R inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), and IL-6 release in a dose-dependent manner and was active with all stimuli tested including Salmonella and Escherichia coli-derived endotoxin, endotoxin from both rough and smooth E. coli strains, as well as zymosan and protein A. CT-1501R inhibited monokine release by approximately 50% at 200 microM and 30% at 50 microM and was independent of the relative potency of stimulus. CT-1501R also inhibited IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta induction of either TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta and inhibited the synergistic effects of stimulation with both human IL-1 beta and murine TNF-alpha on release of human TNF-alpha. Inhibition of monokine release following stimulation with monokine(s) was, in general, greater than that achieved with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Northern blot analysis showed decreased mRNA accumulation of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta in CT-1501R-treated samples following LPS stimulation suggesting that CT-1501R acts at least in part, at the pretranslational level. In contrast, CT-1501R does not inhibit LPS-stimulated IL-8 or IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) release in human whole blood or IL-1 alpha-induced release of PGE2 in human foreskin fibroblast cells. These data suggest that CT-1501R may be of use for clinical intervention in SIRS.
On Wafer Burn-in Strategies for MCM Die (2005)

The high cost associated with replacing faulty die in many MCM technologies suggests that die used in their manufacture be known to be good with high confidence. This requires some burn-in of the die since significant "infant mortality" failures are observed for semiconductor parts. Burn-in generally involves mounting the die on temporary die carriers so that signals can be applied to activate the circuits. In this paper we present a more efficient strategy that allows the burn-in of the die on the wafer before they are diced. Our proposed approach requires that power, ground and clock connections to each die be fabricated on the wafer so that all the circuits can be powered up and clocked using only a few probe connects to the wafer. These extra connections use the space between die, and are lost once the wafer is diced into individual circuits. During burn-in, the circuits are activated in the built-in self test (BIST) mode. Here inputs to subcircuits within each die is provided by linear feedback shift registers. Power dissipation and thermal stress during burn-in is managed by controlling the air flow over the wafer surface and by appropriate selection of the thermal conduction properties of the temporary wafer carrier system employed. It is also possible to selectively power up subsets of the die to manage power dissipation. Wafer level burn-in promises to be a cost effective approach for delivering known good die.
Multi-Space Probability Distribution HMM (2002)

This paper proposes a new kind of hidden Markov model (HMM) based on multi-space probability distribution, and derives a parameter estimation algorithm for the extended HMM. HMMs are widely used statistical models for characterizing sequences of speech spectra, and have been successfully applied to speech recognition systems. HMMs are categorized into discrete HMMs and continuous HMMs, which can model sequences of discrete symbols and continuous vectors, respectively. However, we cannot apply both the conventional discrete and continuous HMMs to observation sequences which consist of continuous values and discrete symbols: F0 pattern modeling of speech is a good illustration. The proposed HMM includes discrete HMM and continuous HMM as special cases, and furthermore, can model sequences which consist of observation vectors with variable dimensionality and discrete symbols. key words: hidden Markov model, text-to-speech, F0, multispace probability distribution
20W of continuous-wave sodium D_2 resonance radiation from sum-frequency generation with injection-locked lasers (2003)

A 20-W all-solid-state continuous-wave single-frequency source tuned to the sodium D2a line at 589.159 nm has been developed for adaptive optical systems. This source is based on sum-frequency mixing two injection-locked Nd:YAG lasers in lithium triborate in a doubly resonant external cavity. Injection locking the Nd:YAG lasers not only ensures single-frequency operation but also allows the use of a single rf local oscillator for Pound-Drever-Hall locking both the injection-slave and the sum-frequency cavities. We observe power-conversion efficiencies in excess of 55% and a linearly polarized diffraction-limited output tunable across the sodium D2 line (589.156 to 589.160 nm) with no change in output power and with high amplitude and pointing stability.
Lanthanum carbonate (Fosrenol®) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease (2005)

Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD. This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies, which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels.
Care and Empathy: On Michael Slote's Sentimentalist Ethics (2021)

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Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines Using the Dianion Addition of <i>N</i>-Boc-anilines and α-Tolylsulfonyl-α,β-unsaturated Ketones (2002)

A short and versatile synthesis of substituted quinolines is provided. Alkylation of sodium tolylsulfinate with bromomethyl- or chloromethyl ketones generates beta-keto sulfones. Knoevenagel condensation of the beta-keto sulfones with an aldehyde provides alpha-tolylsulfonyl-alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones. Michael addition of the dianion of N-Boc-anilines in the presence of CuCN and LiCl with the unsaturated ketone generates a 1,4-adduct, which after deprotection of the Boc group and thermal elimination of the tolyl sulfone provides the quinoline.
Neurological disease: listening to gene silencers. (2001)

Neurons regulate the expression of genes essential to individual neuron function through elegant combinatorial interactions among a limited number of transcription factors. In addition, an economy of regulatory control is practiced within the nucleus that belies conceptual divisions of transcription factors into "repressors" and "activators." Studies of the neural restrictive silencer element (NRSE, also known as RE1) and its repressor protein have revealed a multitude of mechanisms by which transcriptional regulation is not only elaborated in normal neuronal development, but perverted in disease states.
An ultra-low power CMOS subthreshold voltage reference without requiring resistors or BJTs (2016)

This paper presents a novel ultra-low power voltage reference operational from supply voltage down to less than 0.9V. In the proposed reference circuit, the PTAT voltage is generated by feeding the leakage current of a zero-Vgs NMOS transistor to two diode-connected NMOS transistors, both of which are in subthreshold region; while the CTAT voltage is created by using the body-diodes of another NMOS transistor. Consequently, low-voltage, low-power operation can be achieved without requiring resistors or BJTs, hence with small chip area consumption. The proposed circuit is designed in a 0.18-μm process. Simulation results show that it is capable of providing an 808mV reference voltage with 10ppm/°C from -30°C-125°C even with only 900mV supply voltage. Moreover, the typical power consumption is only 10nW.
Segmentation of anatomical structures in cardiac CTA using multi-label V-Net (2018)

Segmenting anatomical structures in the chest is a crucial step in many automatic disease detection applications. Multi-atlas based methods are developed for this task, however, due to the required deformable registration step, they are often computationally expensive and create a bottle neck in terms of processing time. In contrast, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with 2D or 3D kernels, although slow to train, are very fast in the deployment stage and have been employed to solve segmentation tasks in medical imaging. A recent improvement in performance of neural networks in medical image segmentation was recently reported when dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to optimize the weights in a fully convolutional architecture called V-Net. However, in the previous work, only the DSC calculated for one foreground object is optimized, as a result the DSC based segmentation CNNs are only able to perform a binary segmentation. In this paper, we extend the V-Net binary architecture to a multi-label segmentation network and use it for segmenting multiple anatomical structures in cardiac CTA. The method uses multi-label V-Net optimized by the sum over DSC for all the anatomies, followed by a post-processing method to refine the segmented surface. Our method takes averagely less than 3 sec to segment a full CTA volume. In contrast, the fastest multi-atlas based methods published so far take around 10 mins. Our method achieves an average DSC of 76% for 16 segmented anatomies using four-fold cross validation, which is close to the state-of-the-art.
Framework alkali metal zinc orthoborates: AZn4(BO3)3 (A = K, Rb, Cs) (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFramework alkali metal zinc orthoborates: AZn4(BO3)3 (A = K, Rb, Cs)Robert W. Smith, Jeanne L. Luce, and Douglas A. KeszlerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 22, 4679–4682Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00048a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00048a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Two Novel Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Frameworks Based on In<sup>III</sup>‐BTC and In<sup>III</sup>‐BTEC (2004)

Abstract Hydrothermal reactions of InCl 3 with 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid (H 3 BTC) or pyromellitic dianhydride produced [In 2 (BTC) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n ·2 n H 2 O ( 1 ) and [In 2 (H 2 BTEC) 2 (OH) 2 ] n ·2 n H 2 O ( 2 ), respectively (H 4 BTEC = 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic acid). The structure of 1 is a 2D double‐layer network, while that of 2 is a 3D framework constructed from chains of corner‐linked octahedra. Intense greenish‐blue emissions at 494 nm (λ ex = 325 nm) for 1 and 489 nm (λ ex = 337 nm) for 2 were observed in the solid state. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Three‐Dimensional Wavelet‐Based Compression of Hyperspectral Imagery (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Embedded Wavelet-Based Compression of 3D Imagery Performance Measures for Hyperspectral Compression Prominent Techniques for Significance-Map Coding JPEG2000 Encoding Strategies Compression Performance Summary References
Human gastric lipase. The effect of amphiphiles (1986)

Human gastric lipase (HGL) activity on tributyrin emulsion was detected only in the presence of amphiphiles such as bile salts, proteins (serum albumin, beta-lactoglobulin or ovalbumin) or phosphatidylcholine. These findings are contrary to the strong inhibitory effect of amphiphiles observed on pure pancreatic lipase. To reveal HGL activity, amphiphiles should be added prior to HGL. This may prevent irreversible interfacial denaturation. HGL activity was found to be restricted to a triacylglycerol/water surface tension ranging from 8 dyn/cm to 13 dyn/cm. All amphiphiles, which decrease the interfacial tension below 8 dyn/cm, act as irreversible inhibitors of HGL in the absence and in the presence of bile salts. Our results confirm that HGL is capable of hydrolysing triacylglycerol in the presence of the physiological concentration of bile salts prevailing in the upper small intestine and in the presence of alimentary proteins. These observations could explain the high dietary lipid absorption observed under pancreatic lipase deficiency.
Charge storage in SiO2 under low-energy electron bombardment (1974)

Low-energy (≃ 10 eV) electron bombardment on an SiO2 layer gives rise to strong trapping at the surface and to a positive space-charge build-up near the Si–SiO2 interface. The density, the capture cross section, and the energy level of the traps have been evaluated using, respectively, the constant current charging process and the quantum yield of vacuum photoemission versus wavelength.
Immunohistochemical Assay for Lymph-Node Micrometastasis in Gastric Cancer and Correlation with Survival Rate (2002)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify immunohistochemical evidence of lymph-node micrometastasis in histologic node-negative gastric cancer patients and to evaluate the prognostic significance of lymph-node micrometastasis.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 50 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative resections from October 1990 to November 1994 was performed. Two consecutive sections were prepared: one for ordinary hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the other for immunohistochemical staining with Pan cytokeratin antibody (Novocastra, UK). In the univariate analysis, the survival rate was calculated using the Life Table Method, and the multivariate analysis was determined using a Cox Proportional HazardsModel. The statistical analyses of the relationships between the clinicopathologic factors and micrometastases were performed by using a Chi-square test. Results: Of 2522 harvested lymph nodes, 81 () nodes and 19 () of 50 patients were identified as having lymphnode micrometastases by using immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin. The incidence of lymph-node micrometastases was significantly higher in diffuse type carcinomas (, P=0.024) and in patients with serosal invasion (, P=0.05). For patients with lymph-node micrometastases (n=19), the 5-year survival rate was significantly decreased (, P=0.015). The Lauren's classirication (P=0.021) and the depth of invasion (P=0.035) were shown by multivariate analysis to have a significant relationship with the presence of micrometastases. Multivariate analysis revealed that lymph-node micrometastasis was independently correlated with survival in histologic node-negative gastic cancer patients. Conclusion: The presence of cytokeratin detected lymphnode micrometastases correlates with the worse prognosis for patients with histologic node-negative gastric cancer.
Towards Trajectory Anonymization: a Generalization-Based Approach (2009)

Abstract. Trajectory datasets are becoming popular due to the massive usage of GPS and locationbased services. In this paper, we address privacy issues regarding the identification of individuals in static trajectory datasets. We first adopt the notion of k-anonymity to trajectories and propose a novel generalization-based approach for anonymization of trajectories. We further show that releasing anonymized trajectories may still have some privacy leaks. Therefore we propose a randomization based reconstruction algorithm for releasing anonymized trajectory data and also present how the underlying techniques can be adapted to other anonymity standards. The experimental results on real and synthetic trajectory datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
[The pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of glycerol-2-nitrate]. (1987)

Glyceryl 2-nitrate (G-2-N), which is the major metabolite of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, Nitro Mack, glyceryl 1-nitrate (G-1-N) and isosorbide-5-nitrate (IS-5-N, Mono Mack) were examined in a comparative study. The haemodynamic and antianginal properties and the spasmolytic activity on blood vessels were investigated in the rat and dog. Also examined were the pharmacokinetics of G-2-N in the rat and of oral GTN in the dog. Strips of rat aorta contracted with potassium chloride or with norepinephrine were relaxed by G-2-N, but somewhat more weakly than with IS-5-N or G-1-N. After oral administration to the anaesthetized rat or to the conscious dog G-2-N exhibited antianginal and hypotensive activity for 6 h. The duration of action of orally administered GTN in the dog depended on the concentration used and was between 15 and 360 min. The half-life of elimination of G-2-N in the rat came to 2 h, and the substance was 100% bioavailable. The concentrations of G-2-N found in the walls of rat vena cava caudalis and rat aorta abdominalis were twice as high as those in blood or plasma. After oral administration of GTN to the conscious dog, G-2-N is the main metabolite, followed by G-1-N, glyceryl 1,2-dinitrate (1,2-GDN), and glyceryl 1,3-dinitrate (1,3-GDN). After a large oral dose of GTN (30 mg/kg), G-2-N contributes to the pharmacodynamic effect from the 3rd h or earlier.
Ruthenium Catalyzed Selective α- and α,β-Deuteration of Alcohols Using D<sub>2</sub>O (2015)

Highly selective ruthenium catalyzed α-deuteration of primary alcohols and α,β-deuteration of secondary alcohols are achieved using deuterium oxide (D2O) as a source of deuterium and reaction solvent. Minimal loading of catalyst (Ru-macho), base (KO(t)Bu), and low temperature heating provided efficient selective deuteration of alcohols making the process practically attractive and environmentally benign. Mechanistic studies indicate the D-O(D/R) bond activations by metal-ligand cooperation and intermediacy of carbonyl compounds resulting from dehydrogenation of alcohols.
Battery storage systems in electric power systems (2006)

Energy storage has been the most challenging and complex issue of the industry whether it is the electric utilities or for industrial applications. The constant need for efficient energy storage has seen the emerging new technologies which promise reliability, productivity and the use of renewables. Energy storage can balance the fluctuations in supply and meet the ever growing demand of electricity. For short duration requirements battery storage can bring about frequency control and stability and for longer duration requirements they can bring about energy management or reserves. Storage can also be used to complement primary generation as they can be used to produce energy during off peak periods and this energy produced can be stored as reserve power as presented in the paper. Storage can play a multi-function role in the electric supply network to manage the resources effectively
Balloon dilation angioplasty of hypoplastic and stenotic pulmonary arteries. (1983)

Balloon dilation angioplasty (BDA) was attempted in seven children with either stenosis or hypoplasia (a narrowing greater than 1 cm long extending past the lung hilum) of both right and left pulmonary arteries (PAs). In two of these seven, the procedure could not be performed because of technical difficulties. In each of the remaining five children (1 1/2-16 years old), the right ventricular (RV) pressure was greater than 2/3 left ventricular pressure, main PA pressure was greater than 60 mm Hg, and previous operative attempts to relieve RV outflow obstruction, including the branch PA obstruction, were unsuccessful. BDA was performed in only one PA in each patient, and was considered successful if the pressure gradient decreased, angiographic diameter increased and the percentage of blood flow directed to the dilated lung increased. BDA was successful in all five children: RV pressure fell from 104 +/- 42 to 80 +/- 30 mm Hg (p less than 0.05), the gradient across the obstruction fell from 61 +/- 51 to 32 +/- 22 mm Hg (p less than 0.05), the diameter of the narrowed segment increased from 3.7 +/- 1.2 to 6.8 +/- 1.1 mm, p = 0.02), and the percentage of blood flow (as determined by quantitative lung scan) to the dilated lung increased from 41 +/- 16% to 52 +/- 22% (p less than 0.05). No morbidity was observed in any patient. Follow-up angiograms (2-12 months) in three of five patients indicate persistence of the anatomic improvement. While BDA did not restore right-heart pressures and anatomy to normal, it provided significant hemodynamic relief to a group of patients in whom traditional operative management has usually been unsuccessful. Final determination of the role of BDA in such patients must await the results of further studies.
Transaction Internet Protocol - Requirements and Supplemental Information (1998)

This document describes the purpose (usage scenarios), and requirements for the Transaction Internet Protocol [1]. It is intended to help qualify the necessary features and functions of the protocol. It also provides supplemental information to aid understanding and facilitate implementation of the TIP protocol.