gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel method to reduce data acquisition time in differential phase contrast: computed tomography using compressed sensing (2009)

Recently, differential phase contrast computed tomography (DPC-CT) imaging methods have been successfully implemented using either synchrotron or x-ray tube generated x-rays. As far as image reconstruction is concerned, FBPtype reconstruction algorithms have been proposed. However, due to the intrinsic low photon efficiency of the system and the sampling requirement of the FBP reconstruction algorithms, the x-ray exposure time is unacceptably long, on the order of hours. In order to significantly shorten the data acquisition time, we proposed to acquire projection data at significantly fewer view angles. This poses a challenge in image reconstruction. In this work, we aimed at using the newly developed compressed sensing (CS) image reconstruction method to accurately reconstruct phase contrast CT images from vastly under-sampled data. Experimental data were utilized to validate our new reconstruction method. Our results demonstrate that the CS method enables acceptable image reconstruction in DPC-CT using significantly fewer view angles when compared with the FBP image reconstruction method.
System Ammonia-Pyrophosphoric Acid-Water at 0° and 25° C. (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSystem Ammonia-Pyrophosphoric Acid-Water at 0° and 25° C.T. D. Farr and J. D. FlemingCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1965, 10, 1, 20–21Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/je60024a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (208 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mechanism of Intake-Valve Deposit Formation Part 2: Simulation Tests (1990)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A laboratory test simulator has been developed to analyze the intake-valve deposit formation mechanism. The characteristics of the deposits formed with the simulator were compared with those of the real engine deposits. This comparison verified that the simulator deposits ILLEGIBLE nearly equal to those of engines. The influence of each parameter such as valve temperature, oil or gasoline quality was tested individually using this simulator. The intake valve temperature influenced the location and quantity of the deposits. The deposit formation significant in the temperature range of about 0-350 °C. The high-boiling components of oil ILLEGIBLE increased the deposits. The increase oxidation products and the decrease of antioxidants in used oil caused a significant increase of deposits. The commercial premium gasoline in Japan containing practical detergents ILLEGIBLE down and decreased the deposits. Another premium gasoline affected the oil quality, in increasing the deposits.</div>
Data processing of backfill grouting detected by GPR in shield tunnel and research on equipment of GPR antenna (2016)

In recent years, the shield tunneling method has been widely used in the construction of urban underground space. Through using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for nondestructive testing of the distribution of grouting behind segments of shield tunnel, secondary compensatory grouting can be carried out, which is aimed at controlling the final longitudinal settlement of the tunnel. In this paper, the main point is to develop a set of machinery to detect grouting in real time during the construction period. First, a 500MHz bowtie antenna and 500MHz Vivaldi antenna produced good effects by simulation and tests. Second, a set of machinery consisting of arc-tracks was designed. This machinery is connected to the shield tunneling machine. The antenna, which moves along the tracks, can detect the grouting in the assembled segments. The detection data is automatically stored in the upper computer. The secondary compensatory grouting can then be carried out in time if the grouting quality does not conform to the specification.
Therapeutic Administration of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Prevents Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Newborns (2009)

Disruption of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important mechanism of cerebrovascular diseases, including neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Although both tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) can produce BBB damage, their relationship in neonatal cerebral HI is unclear. Here we use a rodent model to test whether the plasminogen activator (PA) system is critical for MMP-9 activation and HI-induced brain injury in newborns. To test this hypothesis, we examined the therapeutic effect of intracerebroventricular injection of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in rat pups subjected to unilateral carotid artery occlusion and systemic hypoxia. We found that the injection of PAI-1 greatly reduced the activity of both tPA and urokinase-type plasminogen activator after HI. It also blocked HI-induced MMP-9 activation and BBB permeability at 24 h of recovery. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging and histological analysis showed the PAI-1 treatment reduced brain edema, axonal degeneration, and cortical cell death at 24-48 h of recovery. Finally, the PAI-1 therapy provided a dose-dependent decrease of brain tissue loss at 7 d of recovery, with the therapeutic window at 4 h after the HI insult. Together, these results suggest that the brain PA system plays a pivotal role in neonatal cerebral HI and may be a promising therapeutic target in infants suffering hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Modified Sol‐Gel Process for the Production of Lead Titanate Films (1991)

A modified sol‐gel process has been developed for the production of thin films of PbTiO 3 . The new route uses the mixed ligand complex titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate), Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 2 (CH 3 COCHCOCH 3 ) 2 , in place of titanium tetraisopropoxide, Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 . For base‐catalyzed conditions, the maximum thickness of crack‐free PbTiO 3 films after one high‐temperature firing cycle is 1 μm. This value represents a twofold increase in thickness over that obtained using existing sol‐gel routes based on Ti(OC 3 H 7 ) 4 .
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF YERSINIA PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS TOXINS (2016)

Both of Y pseudotuberculosis protein toxins affect the development of sea urchin embryos, however, mechanisms of action of HLT and HST on embryos and processes occurring in them differ.
A persuasive toothbrush to enhance oral hygiene adherence. (2008)

In this research we propose that a real-time wireless monitoring and reminder system can assist patients in maintaining optimal oral health. We provide a conceptual framework that incorporates both the behavioral and technical aspects of the proposed system. Further we present preliminary results of a feasibility experiment of modifying an inexpensive electric toothbrush by attaching an accelerometer and determining the ability to track motion and time by wirelessly transmitting data via Bluetooth technology.
Cortical Excitatory Neurons and Glia, But Not GABAergic Neurons, Are Produced in the Emx1-Expressing Lineage (2002)

By homologous recombination of an internal ribosome entry site and Cre recombinase coding region into the 3'-untranslated region of the mouse Emx1 gene, we have generated a strain of mice, Emx1(IRES)cre, that expresses the Cre recombinase in a spatial and temporal pattern like that observed for Emx1. When mated to reporter strains, these mice are a sensitive means to fate-map the Emx1-expressing cells of the developing forebrain. Our results demonstrate that radial glia, Cajal-Retzius cells, glutamatergic neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes of most pallial structures originate from an Emx1-expressing lineage. On the other hand, most of the pallial GABAergic neurons arise outside the Emx1-expressing lineage. Structures that are located near the basal ganglia (e.g., the amygdala and endopiriform nuclei) are not uniformly derived from Emx1-expressing cells.
Maximum directivity beamformer for spherical-aperture microphones (2009)

Spherical microphone arrays have been recently studied for sound analysis and beamforming. These arrays have the advantage of spherical symmetry facilitating three-dimensional analysis. Performance of microphone arrays at the high-frequency range is typically limited by aliasing, which is a result of the spatial sampling process. A potential approach to avoid spatial aliasing is by using continuous sensors, in which spatial sampling is not required. This paper presents an optimal beamforming technique for the spherical-aperture microphone, which is based on a continuous sensor. The proposed beamforming technique is used to compute the optimal real-valued aperture weighting function. Real-valued aperture weighting functions are required to ensure the realizability of the sensor.
OA05.04. Inpatient acupuncture care: establishing hospital-wide policy and service at Beth Israel Medical Center (NYC) (2012)

Our goal was to establish inpatient acupuncture care at Beth Israel Medical Center (BIMC), a US teaching hospital that required inpatient specific policy and procedures, credentialing, supervision and a standard of safety for acupuncture therapy. Stages and logistics of 'integrating' modalities are identified.
Isolation from Human Sera in Egypt of a Virus Apparently Identical to West Nile Virus. (1951)

Summary1. Three strains of a filterable virus closely related to West Nile have been isolated from the blood of children living on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt. 2. The 3 strains of virus appear to be immunologically identical. 3. In addition to a strong relationship and apparent identity with West Nile virus, the Egyptian virus crosses, although to a lesser degree, with both Japanese B and St. Louis encephalitis viruses. This was found by both neutralization and complement fixation tests. 4. The virus produces a marked encephalomyelitis in monkeys inoculated intracerebrally. Lesions are found throughout the spinal cord and brain including the cerebellum. 5. Chimpanzees develop a silent infection following intracutaneous infection of the virus. This is characterized by a viremia lasting 3 days followed by the appearance of both neutralizing and complement fixing antibodies. 6. The Egyptian virus was not neutralized by human gamma globulin collected in the United States, nor by 24 different hyperimmune sera, each containing antibodies to an antigenically distinct virus type. 7. Infection with this virus has been widespread in the local Egyptian population in 1950, with more than 70% of the inhabitants aged 4 years and over having both neutralizing and complement fixing antibodies.
Topical retinoic acid for treatment of solar damage (1990)

Twenty patients with chronic solar damage of the skin were entered in a double-blind, within-patient trial to compare the effect of 0.05% tretinoin cream with a placebo applied once daily for 12 weeks. Sixteen completed the study. Clinical assessment of the individual signs of solar damage were recorded on separate visual analogue scales. After 12 weeks, there were significant improvements in fine wrinkling around the eyes, crease lines around the mouth and cheeks, wrinkling on the dorsum of the hands and yellow discoloration. Overall, 14 of the tretinoin-treated sides were judged to have improved compared to only two of the placebo-treated sides (P = 0.011). Measurement of skin thickness by pulsed A-scan ultrasound revealed that the sides treated with tretinoin were significantly thicker than the placebo-treated sides (P = 0.019). Skin biopsies taken before and after treatment showed an increase in mean epidermal thickness with tretinoin treatment (P = 0.019). The clinical signs of improvement persisted at the follow-up assessment performed 4 weeks after cessation of therapy.
Homogeneous Chip to Wafer Bonding of InP-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Si Using UV/O<sub>3</sub>Activation (2014)

A direct chip to wafer bonding of indium phosphide (InP) onto silicon using Al2O3 as the intermediate homogenous bonding layer is reported. Intermediate film thickness is varied from 5 to 20 nm and the UV/O3 activation time is optimized to result in minimal surface roughness and contact angle required for effective direct wafer bonding. TEM characterization of the interface reveals a homogeneously fused Al2O3 layer. In addition Al2O3 is shown to best emulate the thermal characteristics of direct InP/Si bonding as compared to using SiO2 as the interfacial bonding layer. Therefore Al2O3 is recognized be a highly competent interfacial layer for chip to wafer bonding for integrated photonic application.
Weather Forecasting Radar Antenna: An Application of Active Microstrip Antennas (1992)

In this paper we propose an original antenna structure which may be used in weather forecasting radars. It is composed of microstrip radiating elements, active circuits and microstrip power splitters. This antenna may take place of the heavy and expensive existing parabolic structures which are used in satellite communications or radar applications. We'll discuss the utility of its different components and the problems one may meet on the way of their realization. At the end we'll give some experimental results obtained only from certain components realized in our lab, the whole structure isn't yet realized. This work is supported and financed by Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (I.N.S.U.).
Contrast sensitivity of the visual system in speckle imagery (1994)

The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) of the whole visual system is determined with the use of coherent diffuse illumination. This function provides supplementary data about the effect of speckle on the ability of the visual system to perceive the spatial information contained in an image. The results show that speckle not only prevents perception of the finest details (highest frequencies) but also reduces the visibility of lower frequencies (especially where contrast is low). The difference between the CSF's determined with and without speckle is quantitatively very important. And the ratio between the two CSF's is a measure of the retinal ability to perceive contrast in the presence of speckle noise. The influence of the pupil size and luminance level on the CSF with speckle is studied and compared with the influence of the same parameters on the classical CSF.
Presbyopia in Light of Accommodation (1988)

The "dual, indirect, active" mechanisms of accommodation proposed by Helmholtz is reviewed. New supporting evidence shows that the insertion of the ciliary muscle is onto the span fibrils of the zonule in the interciliary process regions of the ciliary body. Thus, the peripheral zonule is the elastic antagonist of a unified ciliary muscle. A biomechanical model illustrating accommodation is put forward that makes consistent and explicit the force and length changes that the six mechanical component elements undergo. The Hess-Gullstrand lenticular theory of presbyopia is compatible with this model.
Reaction of Guanidine with 3·formyl Chromones (1984)

Department of Chemistry, Marathawaela University, Aurangabed-431 001 Shrigonda College, Shrigonda, Dist. Ahrnednagar-413 701 <em>Manuscript received 13 January 1983, revised 5 July 1983, </em><em>accepted 27 October 1983</em>
Considerations in the Design of a Nuclear Rocket (1960)

The over-all design of a prototype nuclear rocket is described. For practical systems using uranium-loaded graphite for fuel elements within a graphitic core structure, and hydrogen as core coolant and propellant, it is possible to achieve specific impulses of at least 800 sec. The design of the reactor core, reflector, and nuclear controls are presented for a prototype design. The nuclear, heat transfer, and fluid flow considerations for a typical design are discussed. Reactor perturbations caused by fuel element ejection, corrosion-erosion, and hydrogen density changes are discussed. Some radiation hazards are considered. Nonreactor aspects of the rocket such as hydrogen handling and the coupling of the reactor to the rocket system are indicated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Activated Mixed Carbonate Reagents for the Introduction of the 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbonyl(Teoc)‐Protecting Group. (1987)

Abstract 2‐Trimethylsilylethanol (I) is converted to the chloroformate (II) and then coupled with the N‐hydroxy derivatives (III) to produce the carbonates (IV).
Fluorescence of poly(phenyl isocyanate) and the behavior of some of its analogs (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorescence of poly(phenyl isocyanate) and the behavior of some of its analogsL. Gargallo and H. MorawetzCite this: Macromolecules 1981, 14, 6, 1838–1839Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma50007a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ma50007a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MICA-129 genotype, soluble MICA, and anti-MICA antibodies as biomarkers of chronic graft-versus-host disease (2009)

The MHC class I-related chain A (MICA) molecules exist as membrane-bound and soluble isoforms and are encoded by a polymorphic gene. Their genetic and phenotype characteristics have been studied in various pathologic settings but not in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Here, we evaluated whether MICA-related features namely MICA-129 gene polymorphism, serum levels of soluble MICA (sMICA) and anti-MICA antibodies (MICA Abs) before and after HSCT could influence the incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and relapse of their disease in 211 HLA-identical sibling pairs and in a subset of 116 recipients, respectively. Although the MICA-129 val/val genotype and elevated sMICA serum levels after HSCT are independently associated with the incidence of cGVHD (P = .002 and .001) regardless of history of acute GVHD, the presence of MICA Abs before transplantation confers protection against cGVHD (P = .04). There is an inverse relationship between MICA Abs and sMICA, suggesting an antibody-based neutralization of deleterious effects of sMICA. Similarly, these genetic and phenotype characteristics of MICA influence the incidence of relapse. Altogether, these data suggest that the studied MICA genotype and phenotype specificities could be used as relevant biomarkers for cGVHD monitoring.
SOA-Based Integration of the Internet of Things in Enterprise Services (2009)

Advances in the areas of embedded systems, computing, and networking are leading to an infrastructure composed of millions of heterogeneous devices. These devices will not simply convey information but process it in transit, connect peer to peer, and form advanced collaborations. This ``Internet of Things'' infrastructure will be strongly integrated with the environment, and its integration with the enterprise systems will not only further blur the line between business IT systems and the real world, but will change the way we design, deploy, and use services. New opportunities can emerge for businesses, which can now closely collaborate with the real world. The work presented here proposes an architecture for an effective integration of the Internet of Things in enterprise services.
Growth of InN by Chloride-Transport Vapor Phase Epitaxy (1996)

Hexagonal single crystalline InN film are grown on a hexagonal-GaN epitaxial layer in a GaAs(100) substrates by chloride-transport vapor phase epitaxy. It is found that lower temperatures for the upstream region of the reator, where indium chloride is generated, are crucial for InN growth. In addition, the use of inert gas such as nitrogen, is necessary for growth. Based on these results, the necessity of InCl 3 as a source material is emphasized for InN growth. The grown film reveals a hexagonal structure whose c -axis orients to the GaAs<111>B direction.
Magnetic resonance imaging. Part I--physical principles. (1984)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the most complex imaging technology available to clinicians. Whereas most imaging technologies depict differences in one, or occasionally two, tissue characteristics, MR imaging has five tissue variables-spin density, T(1) and T(2) relaxation times and flow and spectral shifts-from which to construct its images. These variables can be combined in various ways by selecting pulse sequences and pulse times to emphasize any desired combination of tissue characteristics in the image. This selection is determined by the user of the MR system before imaging data are collected. If the selection is not optimal, the imaging process must be repeated at a cost of time and resources. The optimal selection of MR imaging procedures and the proper interpretation of the resultant images require a thorough understanding of the basic principles of MR imaging. Included in this understanding should be at least the rudiments of how an MR imaging signal is produced and why it decays with time; the significance of relaxation constants; the principles of scanning methods such as saturation recovery, inversion recovery and spin echo; how data obtained by these methods are used to form an image, and how the imaging data are complied by multi-slice and volumetric processes. In selecting an MR imaging unit, information about different magnet designs (resistive, superconductive and permanent) is useful. Although no bioeffects are thought to be associated with an MR imaging examination, some knowledge of the attempts to identify bioeffects is helpful in alleviating concern in patients.