gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multi-channel tunable source for atomic sensors (2015)

We have designed and completed initial testing on a laser source suitable for atomic interferometry from compact, robust, integrated components. Our design is enabled by capitalizing on robust, well-commercialized, low-noise telecom components with high reliability and declining costs which will help to drive the widespread deployment of this system. The key innovation is the combination of current telecom-based fiber laser and modulator technology with periodicallypoled waveguide technology to produce tunable laser light at rubidium D1 and D2 wavelengths (and expandable to other alkalis) using second harmonic generation (SHG). Unlike direct-diode sources, this source is immune to feedback at the Rb line eliminating the need for bulky high-power isolators in the system. In addition, the source has GHz-level frequency agility and in our experiments was found to only be limited by the agility of our RF generator. As a proof-of principle, the source was scanned through the Doppler-broadened Rb D2 absorption line. With this technology, multiple channels can be independently tuned to produce the fields needed for addressing atomic states in atom interferometers and clocks. Thus, this technology could be useful in the development cold-atom inertial sensors and gyroscopes.
Phenotypic variation in the response to the human immunodeficiency virus among derivatives of the CEM T and WIL-2 B cell lines. (1988)

Derivatives of the CEM T and WIL-2 B cell lines showed striking diversity in their responses to the HTLV-IIIB strain of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Several stable phenotypic patterns could be defined, based on whether cells were permissive (P+, P-) for virus production, were sensitive or insensitive to cytopathic effects after infection by free virus (C+, C-), and whether they underwent fusion on contact with virus-infected cells (F+, F-). Although expression of CD4 was essential for infection by HTLV-IIIB, very low levels were sufficient for productive infection of WIL-2 derivatives. Conversely, some CEM T cell lines that expressed ample CD4, and which were able to bind virus gp120 and undergo fusion, did not support productive infection by free virus. One nonpermissive, CD4+ derivative of CEM could bind gp120 but failed to undergo fusion, suggesting an alteration in some membrane protein other than CD4 that is essential for virus entry and HIV-induced cell fusion. The AA2 derivative of the WIL-2 cell line is also described, which is remarkably permissive for HIV replication and exquisitely sensitive to virus cytopathic effect. The panel of related cell lines with different host-virus phenotypes could be useful for more precisely defining steps in the infectious cycle of HIV, and for identifying host cell genes and gene products that determine the outcome of HIV infection.
Flushing Profile of Extended-Release Niacin/Laropiprant at Initiation of Therapy in Asian Lipid Clinic Patients (2009)

ERN/LRPT produced significantly less flushing than N-ER during the initiation of therapy and was generally well tolerated in Asian patients with dyslipidemia.
Water Supply for the Eburru Geothermal Prospect, Kenya (1991)

The scheme delivers water from Lake Naivasha to the Eburru Geothermal Field, approximately 11 kilometres distant and 700 metres higher. Both the preliminary investigations and the detailed design of the single-lift pumped scheme are described, including a number of interesting feasibility questions and design requirements that were dictated by the location.
Real-time estimation of magnitude-square coherence for use in implantable devices (2003)

Magnitude square coherence (MSC) has been shown to be a useful technique in discriminating fibrillatory rhythms (FIB) from nonfibrillatory rhythms (NON-FIB). The authors present a method for estimating MSC in real-time for intracardiac electrograms using an overlapped moving discrete Fourier transform approach. Real-time discrimination of FIB and NONFIB is performed by using 32-point data segments and a Hanning window. Fibrillation is detected by using a simple threshold technique for mean MSC in the 0-60-Hz band. This method of real-time mean MSC estimation reliably discriminates FIB from NONFIB rhythms in a time period appropriate for use in implantable devices. A moving mean MSC offers a new perspective on cardiac dynamics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Uncladded InGaAsP/InP rib waveguides with integratedthickness tapers forefficient fibre-chip butt coupling (1996)

The thickness of the waveguide core of uncladded InGaAsP/InP rib waveguides is tapered to fabricate new spot-size transformers without epitaxial regrowth or etching of deep grooves. The coupling loss for flat-end fibres is reduced by 7 dB at alignment tolerances of > ±2 µm for 1 dB excess loss.
MOOCs: So Many Learners, So Much Potential ... (2013)

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have exploded onto the scene, promising to satisfy a worldwide thirst for a high-quality, personalized, and free education. This article explores where MOOCs fit within the e-learning and Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) landscape.
Secondary Steelmaking (2000)

The steelmaking industry and its customers have benefited enormously from the many significant technological advances of the last thirty years. As their customers become ever more quality conscious, however, steelmakers must continue their efforts to minimize harmful impurities, minimize as well as modify harmful nonmetallic inclusions and achieve
Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscopy (1991)

The emission of light by molecules excited to upper electronic states has proved to be an extremely useful probe for obtaining information about molecules and their environment. The application of time-resolved techniques to a study of fluorescence produces information on the dynamics of probes and how such are influenced by environments; the application of microscopic methods yields spatial and positional information which, in biological milieux, can designate the type of environment of the probe. The coupling of temporal and spatial technology offers an interesting new way of studying spatially inhomogeneous situations, the biological cell being archetypal in this characteristic.
Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a novel species that actively solubilizes phosphate in vitro (2003)

A bacterial strain (designated IH5(T)), isolated from rhizospheric soil of grasses growing spontaneously in Spanish soil, actively solubilized phosphates in vitro when bicalcium phosphate was used as a phosphorus source. This strain was Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and motile. The strain produced catalase, but not oxidase. Cellulose, casein, starch, gelatin, aesculin and urea were not hydrolysed. Growth was observed with many carbohydrates as the carbon source. The main non-polar fatty acids detected were hexadecenoic acid (C(16 : 1)), hexadecanoic acid (C(16 : 0)) and octadecenoic acid (C(18 : 1)). The hydroxy fatty acids detected were 3-hydroxydecanoic acid (C(10 : 0) 3-OH), 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid (C(12 : 0) 3-OH) and 2-hydroxydodecanoic acid (C(12 : 0) 2-OH). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA indicated that this bacterium belongs to the genus Pseudomonas in the gamma-subclass of the Proteobacteria and that the closest related species is Pseudomonas graminis. The DNA G+C content was 61 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization showed 23 % relatedness between strain IH5(T) and P. graminis DSM 11363(T). Therefore, strain IH5(T) belongs to a novel species from the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed (type strain, IH5(T)=LMG 21640(T)=CECT 5726(T)).
Compromised paraspeckle formation as a pathogenic factor in FUSopathies (2013)

Paraspeckles are nuclear bodies formed by a set of specialized proteins assembled on the long non-coding RNA NEAT1; they have a role in nuclear retention of hyperedited transcripts and are associated with response to cellular stress. Fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein, linked to a number of neurodegenerative disorders, is an essential paraspeckle component. We have shown that its recruitment to these nuclear structures is mediated by the N-terminal region and requires prion-like activity. FUS interacts with p54nrb/NONO, a major constituent of paraspeckles, in an RNA-dependent manner and responds in the same way as other paraspeckle proteins to alterations in cellular homeostasis such as changes in transcription rates or levels of protein methylation. FUS also regulates NEAT1 levels and paraspeckle formation in cultured cells, and FUS deficiency leads to loss of paraspeckles. Pathological gain-of-function FUS mutations might be expected to affect paraspeckle function in human diseases because mislocalized amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked FUS variants sequester other paraspeckle proteins into aggregates formed in cultured cells and into neuronal inclusions in a transgenic mouse model of FUSopathy. Furthermore, we detected abundant p54nrb/NONO-positive inclusions in motor neurons of patients with familial forms of ALS caused by FUS mutations, but not in other ALS cases. Our results suggest that both loss and gain of FUS function can trigger disruption of paraspeckle assembly, which may impair protective responses in neurons and thereby contribute to the pathogenesis of FUSopathies.
Effects of Electric Fields on the Switching Properties Improvements of RRAM Device With a Field-Enhanced Elevated-Film-Stack Structure (2018)

In this paper, a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device using a field-enhanced elevated-film-stack (EFS) structure with a 15-nm-thick HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> dielectric layer was fabricated and measured to achieve a forming voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Forming</sub> ) of 2.04 V, set voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Set</sub> ) of 0.95 V, and reset voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Reset</sub> ) of -1.22 V, compared to the values of 2.73 V, 1.26 V, and -1.54 V for the planar one with 6-nm-thick HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> , respectively. These resistive switching characteristics were effectively reduced, and the uniformity of these characteristics from device to device were considerably improved. The improvements of such an EFS-structured RRAM device were attributed to the high local electric fields at the two sharp corners of the EFS structure, which facilitated the formation of conductive filaments, and the distribution of the electric field was verified by technology computer-aided design simulations.
Portal glucose infusion-glucose clamp measures hepatic influence on postprandial systemic glucose appearance as well as whole body glucose disposal (2009)

The full impact of the liver, through both glucose production and uptake, on systemic glucose appearance cannot be readily studied in a classical glucose clamp because hepatic glucose metabolism is regulated not only by portal insulin and glucose levels but also portal glucose delivery (the portal signal). In the present study, we modified the classical glucose clamp by giving exogenous glucose through portal vein, the "portal glucose infusion (PoG)-glucose clamp", to determine the net hepatic effect on postprandial systemic glucose supply along with the measurement of whole body glucose disposal. By comparing systemic rate of glucose appearance (R(a)) with portal glucose infusion rate (PoG(inf)), we quantified "net hepatic glucose addition (NHGA)" in the place of endogenous glucose production determined in a regular clamp. When PoG-glucose clamps (n = 6) were performed in dogs at basal insulinemia and hyperglycemia ( approximately 150 mg/dl, portal and systemic), we measured consistently higher R(a) than PoG(inf) (4.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.6 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1) at steady state, P < 0.001) and thus positive NHGA at 1.3 +/- 0.1 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1), identifying net hepatic addition of glucose to portal exogenous glucose. In contrast, when PoG-glucose clamps (n = 6) were performed at hyperinsulinemia ( approximately 250 pmol/l) and systemic euglycemia (portal hyperglycemia due to portal glucose infusion), we measured consistently lower R(a) than PoG(inf) (13.1 +/- 2.4 vs. 14.3 +/- 2.4 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1), P < 0.001), and therefore negative NHGA at -1.1 +/- 0.1 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1), identifying a switch of the liver from net production to net uptake of portal exogenous glucose. Steady-state whole body glucose disposal was 4.1 +/- 0.5 and 13.0 +/- 2.4 mg x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively, determined as in a classical glucose clamp. We conclude that the PoG-glucose clamp, simulating postprandial glucose entry and metabolism, enables simultaneous assessment of the net hepatic effect on postprandial systemic glucose supply as well as whole body glucose disposal in various animal models (rodents, dogs, and pigs) with established portal vein catheterization.
Variable Selection via Nonconcave Penalized Likelihood and its Oracle Properties (2001)

Variable selection is fundamental to high-dimensional statistical modeling, including nonparametric regression. Many approaches in use are stepwise selection procedures, which can be computationally expensive and ignore stochastic errors in the variable selection process. In this article, penalized likelihood approaches are proposed to handle these kinds of problems. The proposed methods select variables and estimate coefficients simultaneously. Hence they enable us to construct confidence intervals for estimated parameters. The proposed approaches are distinguished from others in that the penalty functions are symmetric, nonconcave on (0, ∞), and have singularities at the origin to produce sparse solutions. Furthermore, the penalty functions should be bounded by a constant to reduce bias and satisfy certain conditions to yield continuous solutions. A new algorithm is proposed for optimizing penalized likelihood functions. The proposed ideas are widely applicable. They are readily applied to a variety of parametric models such as generalized linear models and robust regression models. They can also be applied easily to nonparametric modeling by using wavelets and splines. Rates of convergence of the proposed penalized likelihood estimators are established. Furthermore, with proper choice of regularization parameters, we show that the proposed estimators perform as well as the oracle procedure in variable selection; namely, they work as well as if the correct submodel were known. Our simulation shows that the newly proposed methods compare favorably with other variable selection techniques. Furthermore, the standard error formulas are tested to be accurate enough for practical applications.
<i>Lupinus mutabilis</i>: Composition, Uses, Toxicology, and Debittering (2015)

Lupinus mutabilis has protein (32.0-52.6 g/100 g dry weight) and lipid (13.0-24.6 g/100 g dry weight) contents similar to soya bean (Glycine max). The Ω3, Ω6, and Ω9 contents are 1.9-3.0, 26.5-39.6, and 41.2-56.2 g/100 g lipid, respectively. Lupins can be used to fortify the protein content of pasta, bread, biscuits, salads, hamburgers, sausages, and can substitute milk and soya bean. Specific lupin protein concentrates or isolates display protein solubility (>90%), water-absorption capacity (4.5 g/g dry weight), oil-absorption capacity (3.98 g/g), emulsifying capacity (2000 mL of oil/g), emulsifying stability (100%, 60 hours), foaming capacity (2083%), foaming stability (78.8%, 36 hours), and least gelation concentration (6%), which are of industrial interest. Lupins contain bitter alkaloids. Preliminary studies on their toxicity suggest as lethal acute dose for infants and children 10 mg/kg bw and for adults 25 mg/kg bw. However, alkaloids can also have medical use for their hypocholesterolemic, antiarrhythmic, and immunosuppressive activity. Bitter lupins can be detoxified by biological, chemical, or aqueous processes. The shortest debittering process requires one hour. This review presents the nutritional composition of lupins, their uses (as food, medicine, and functional protein isolates), toxicology, and debittering process scenarios. It critically evaluates the data, infers conclusions, and makes suggestions for future research.
Fast identification of flavonoids in the roots of Sophora flavescens by on-flow LC-NMR (2010)

Sophora flavescens Ait (Leguminosae) is a Chinese herbal medicine. Sophorae radix, the dried roots of S. flavescens, has been used for various diseases including atherosclerosis and arrhythmias. For the direct identification of the compounds present in Sophorae radix, the hyphenated LC-NMR technique has been applied. WET solvent suppression and scout scan techniques were used to suppress solvent peaks in on-flow LC-NMR experiment. Six prenylflavonoids were identified successfully as kushenol U (1), kurarinone (2), sophoraflavanone G (3), leachianone A (4), kuraridin (5) and kushenol A (6).   Key words: LC-hyphenated, on-flow LC-NMR, prenyl-flavonoid, Sophora flavescens.
A Procedure for Isolating High Quality DNA from Spores of Bacillus subtilis 168 (1980)

A method of isolating DNA from spores of Bacillus subtilis is described. The DNA has approximately the same efficiency in genetic transformation as DNA isolated from vegetative cells and gives a restriction pattern similar to that from vegetative DNA.
Nanomagnetic Logic: Demonstration of directed signal flow for field-coupled computing devices (2011)

In Nanomagnetic Logic (NML), computing operations are performed by non-volatile, field-coupled nanomagnets. For information propagation in nanomagnetic wires between logic gates, directed signal flow has to be implemented in the field-coupled devices. In this paper we present the solution for directed information propagation in a wire realized in NML with perpendicular magnetization. For the first time, non-reciprocal signal flow is experimentally demonstrated for field-coupled nanomagnets and homogeneous clocking fields. Micromagnetic simulations are performed and field-coupled nanomagnets are fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) lithography and ion beam etching. Partial irradiation with a FIB is investigated to tailor the switching behavior of the nanomagnets. Three coupled nano-magnets in a wire are measured to verify the simulation results. Non-reciprocal field-coupling of the nanomagnets is proven by experiments within a nanomagnetic wire.
A Polymeric Solid‐State Electrochromic Cell (1986)

Evolutions du coefficient de reflexion et de la densite de courant d'une cellule bleu de methylene/polyelectrolyte pigmentee en reponse a des impulsions entre ±1,0 V a 2 cycles/mn
Query log analysis of an electronic health record search engine. (2011)

We analyzed a longitudinal collection of query logs of a full-text search engine designed to facilitate information retrieval in electronic health records (EHR). The collection, 202,905 queries and 35,928 user sessions recorded over a course of 4 years, represents the information-seeking behavior of 533 medical professionals, including frontline practitioners, coding personnel, patient safety officers, and biomedical researchers for patient data stored in EHR systems. In this paper, we present descriptive statistics of the queries, a categorization of information needs manifested through the queries, as well as temporal patterns of the users' information-seeking behavior. The results suggest that information needs in medical domain are substantially more sophisticated than those that general-purpose web search engines need to accommodate. Therefore, we envision there exists a significant challenge, along with significant opportunities, to provide intelligent query recommendations to facilitate information retrieval in EHR.
Opinión de estudiantes de enfermería ante la enfermedad mental:: Cambios favorables tras la realización de prácticas en servicios de psiquiatría (2016)

espanolObjetivo: valorar si el contacto con enfermos mentales ayuda a tener una percepcion mas positiva ante la enfermedad mental y los propios enfermos. Metodologia: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se utilizo el cuestionario validado por A. Ozamiz, Opiniones sobre la enfermedad Participaron un total de 174 alumnos de la Escuela de Enfermeria Meixoeiro de Vigo. Resultados: El 55,5% de los alumnos consideran que la enfermedad mental es una enfermedad como otra cualquiera; el 53,5% piensa que la mayoria de los pacientes de los hospitales mentales no son peligrosos; el 55,5% cree que deben ser tratados en el mismo hospital que la gente con enfermedades fisicas; el 49,4% manifiesta sentimientos de incomodidad e intranquilidad en presencia de estos enfermos. Conclusion: el contacto con estos enfermos supone cambios positivos en relacion con la percepcion de la enfermedad mental. EnglishObjective: to asses if the contact with mental patients has a positive effect in the perception of the mental illness. Methodology: observational, descriptive and transversal study. The questionnaire validated by A. Ozamiz, Opinions about mental was used. It involved a total of 174 students of the School of Nursing Meixoeiro of Vigo. Results: 55.5% of students believe that mental illness is like any other disease; 53.5% think that the majority of patients in mental hospitals are not dangerous; 55.5% believe it should be treated in the same hospital as people with physical illnesses; 49.4% expressed feelings of discomfort and uneasiness in the presence of these patients. Conclusion: the contact with mental patients carry positive changes in relation to the mental illness perception.
Cable route planning in complex environments using constrained sampling (2007)

We present a route planning algorithm for cable and wire layouts in complex environments. Our algorithm precomputes a global roadmap of the environment by using a variant of the probabilistic roadmap method (PRM) and performs constrained sampling near the contact space. Given the initial and the final configurations, we compute an approximate path using the initial roadmap generated on the contact space. We refine the approximate path by performing constrained sampling and use adaptive forward dynamics to compute a penetration-free path. Our algorithm takes into account geometric constraints like non-penetration and physical constraints like multi-body dynamics and joint limits. We highlight the performance of our planner on different scenarios of varying complexity.
Production of<scp>l</scp>-Ascorbic Acid by Metabolically Engineered<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>and<i>Zygosaccharomyces bailii</i> (2004)

Yeasts do not possess an endogenous biochemical pathway for the synthesis of vitamin C. However, incubated with l-galactose, L-galactono-1,4-lactone, or L-gulono-1,4-lactone intermediates from the plant or animal pathway leading to l-ascorbic acid, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces bailii cells accumulate the vitamin intracellularly. Overexpression of the S. cerevisiae enzymes d-arabinose dehydrogenase and D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase enhances this ability significantly. In fact, the respective recombinant yeast strains even gain the capability to accumulate the vitamin in the culture medium. An even better result is obtainable by expression of the plant enzyme L-galactose dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Budding yeast cells overexpressing the endogenous D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase as well as L-galactose dehydrogenase are capable of producing about 100 mg of L-ascorbic acid liter(-1), converting 40% (wt/vol) of the starting compound L-galactose.