gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serotonergic modulation of visceral sensation: lower gut (2002)

The role of 5-HT agents in the modulation of lower gastrointestinal function is discussed. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are of potential benefit in functional gastrointestinal diseases although formal evidence is lacking. Novel pharmacological approaches include 5-HT(3) antagonists and 5-HT(4) agonists. These pharmacological classes have shown beneficial effects on a global efficacy end point, and ameliorated more than one symptom of lower gut function in clinical trials. They offer promise for the development of novel therapies for the treatment and control of irritable bowel syndrome.
α-Linolenate and Photosynthetic Activity in <i>Chlorella protothecoides</i> (1967)

Green cells of Chlorella protothecoides grown in nitrogen-rich low glucose media may be reversibly transformed to entirely chlorophyll-less cells in low nitrogen high glucose media. Photosynthetic rates and fatty ester compositions were determined during light and dark bleaching and during greening. Linolenic acid content remained unchanged during greening or bleaching. During light greening chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity increased while oleic acid content decreased dramatically. As a result, the percent composition of linolenate appeared to parallel photosynthetic capability. Implication of alpha-linolenate in oxygen production, therefore, can not be based upon fatty acid percentage composition data alone.
Red Blood Cell Storage Duration Is Associated with Various Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery (2014)

The obtained results indicate that the hazard of blood transfusion increased with increasing storage time of RBCs. The results of this study suggest that transfusion of fresh RBCs with a storage time of ≤2 or 4 days (concerning transfusion requirements) or ≤6 days (concerning postoperative morbidity) may be beneficial in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, further prospective randomized studies are required in order to draw any final conclusions.
Antinuclear antibodies in children with localized scleroderma. (1995)

ANA are present in most children with localized scleroderma and frequently have specificity for dDNA and HMG proteins. Children with localized scleroderma, like patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), commonly have ANA and antibodies to dDNA. Unlike patients with SSc, however, childhood localized scleroderma is uncommonly associated with antibodies to certain specific nuclear and nucleolar constituents that typically occur in association with SSc.
Template Embedding: Using Application Architecture to Allocate Resources in Distributed Clouds (2014)

In distributed cloud computing, application deployment across multiple sites can improve quality of service. Recent research developed algorithms to find optimal locations for virtual machines. However, those algorithms assume to have either single-tier applications or a fixed number of virtual machines -- a strong simplification of reality. This paper investigates the placement and scaling of complex application architectures. An application is dynamically scaled to fit both the current demand situation and the currently available infrastructure resources. We compare two approaches: The first one is based on virtual network embedding. The second approach is a novel method called Template Embedding. It is based on a hierarchical 1-allocation hub flow problem and combines application scaling and embedding in one step. Extensive experiments on 43200 network configurations showed that Template Embedding outperforms virtual network embedding in all cases in three metrics: success rate, solution quality, and runtime. This positive result shows that template embedding is a promising approach for distributed cloud resource allocation.
Heuristic search integrating syntactic, semantic and dialog-level constraints (2002)

We present a new model of speech understanding, based on the cooperation of the speech recognizer and language analyzer, which interacts with the knowledge sources while keeping its modularity. The semantic analyzer is realized with a semantic network that represents the possible concepts in a task. The speech recognizer based on an LR parser interacts with the semantic analyzer to eliminate invalid hypotheses at an early stage. The coupling of a loose grammar and interactive semantic analysis accepts ill-formed sentences while filtering out non-sense ones, thus realizes robust understanding. Dialog-level knowledge is also incorporated to constrain both the syntactic and the semantic knowledge sources. The key to guide the search efficiently is powerful heuristics. The relationship between the heuristic power and search efficiency is examined experimentally. The stochastic word bigram is derived from the probabilistic LR grammar as A*-admissible heuristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of cancer in patients with primary immunodeficiencies. (2008)

Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are genetic disorders that predispose to frequent and severe infections, autoimmunity and cancer. The expanded life span of such patients increases the overall risk for developing cancer, which is now estimated at 4-25%. The type of malignancy depends on the primary immunodeficiency, the age of the patient and possible viral infection, suggesting that different pathogenetic mechanisms are implicated in each case. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas predominate, accounting for 60% of cases. The PIDs known to be associated with increased incidence of malignancy are: common variable immunodeficiency, IgA deficiency and DNA repair disorders. During recent years other types have also been included, such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and Wiskott Aldrich syndrome (WAS).
Voltage and current signals de-noising with wavelet transform matrix for improved SOC estimation of lithium-ion battery (2016)

The electromagnetic environment of the lithium-ion battery in the Electric Vehicles (EVs) is severe. Moreover, the load current of the battery in the EVs changes drastically and randomly depending on the EV driving condition. As a result, the voltage and current signals measured by the Battery Management System (BMS) normally contain the noise such as the white noise. This results in the estimation error of the State of Charge (SOC). A new voltage and current de-noising approach based on Wavelet Transform Matrix (WTM) is proposed in this paper to improve the accuracy of the SOC estimation using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm. This approach reduces the computation complexity and the measuring noise is de-noised effectively. It was validated by the experimental results on a 1665132 model laminated Li(NiCoMn)O2 battery with the rated capacity of 200 Ah and rated voltage of 3.6 V. The voltage of the battery ranges from 3.2 V to 4.2 V. The accuracy of the SOC estimation is improved significantly and the error is limited within 1.5% less than the error of 6% by EKF without de-noising.
Three-dimensional representations for computer graphics and computer vision (1978)

Representing complex three-dimensional objects in a computer involves more than just evaluating its display capabilities. Other factors are the uses and costs of the representation, what operations can be performed on it and, ultimately, how useful it is for computer recognition or description or three-dimensional objects. Many of the questions which are posed arise from the joint consideration of computer graphics and computer vision, and a specific representation hierarchy is proposed for complex objects which makes them amenable to display, manipulation, measurement, and analysis.
Waiting for Hume (2005)

Why, given the ancient pedigree of scepticism, did we have to wait until Hume for the problem of induction? This chapter begins by considering whether the problem in fact antedates Hume: there is earlier discussion of non-demonstrative reasoning, e.g., in Sextus and in Bacon, and there is, in various forms, sceptical concern about induction, but Hume's negative proof that there is no possible justification of induction, either demonstrative or non-demonstrative, is something new. After canvassing various unsatisfactory answers, the chapter offers its own, showing that Hume's philosophical orientation provided him with both the motive and the opportunity to generate his great sceptical argument: his naturalism provided the motive to construct a ‘method of doubt’ that would wean us from the picture of ourselves as creatures of reason and replace it with the picture of creatures governed by natural instincts, and his radical empiricism and atheism provided him with a way of revealing the pervasiveness of inductive inference, from which his argument naturally follows.
Stimulated Human Mast Cells Secrete Mitochondrial Components That Have Autocrine and Paracrine Inflammatory Actions (2012)

Mast cells are hematopoietically-derived tissue immune cells that participate in acquired and innate immunity, as well as in inflammation through release of many chemokines and cytokines, especially in response to the pro-inflammatory peptide substance P (SP). Inflammation is critical in the pathogenesis of many diseases, but the trigger(s) is often unknown. We investigated if mast cell stimulation leads to secretion of mitochondrial components and whether these could elicit autocrine and/or paracrine inflammatory effects. Here we show that human LAD2 mast cells stimulated by IgE/anti-IgE or by the SP led to secretion of mitochondrial particles, mitochondrial (mt) mtDNA and ATP without cell death. Mitochondria purified from LAD2 cells and, when mitochondria added to mast cells trigger degranulation and release of histamine, PGD(2), IL-8, TNF, and IL-1β. This stimulatory effect is partially inhibited by an ATP receptor antagonist and by DNAse. These results suggest that the mitochondrial protein fraction may also contribute. Purified mitochondria also stimulate IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release from cultured human keratinocytes, and VEGF release from primary human microvascular endothelial cells. In order to investigate if mitochondrial components could be secreted in vivo, we injected rats intraperiotoneally (ip) with compound 48/80, which mimicks the action of SP. Peritoneal mast cells degranulated and mitochondrial particles were documented by transimission electron microscopy outside the cells. We also wished to investigate if mitochondrial components secreted locally could reach the systemic circulation. Administration ip of mtDNA isolated from LAD2 cells in rats was detected in their serum within 4 hr, indicating that extravascular mtDNA could enter the systemic circulation. Secretion of mitochondrial components from stimulated live mast cells may act as "autopathogens" contributing to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and may be used as targets for novel treatments.
Site of J Chain Attachment to Human Polymeric IgA (1974)

A fragment containing J chain was released from human polymeric myeloma IgA protein by cyanogen bromide cleavage. The identity of the fragment was determined by its electrophoretic mobility and antigenic determinants. After purification by gel filtrations and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, this fraction appeared similar (with respect to its amino acid and carbohydrate compositions and its peptide maps) to the J chain isolated from this IgA protein; the molecular weight was 17,000 +/- 100. Upon reduction and alkylation, with subsequent separation of peptides by gel filtration, three components were obtained: the largest component (molecular weight 13,400) corresponded to the N-terminal segment of J chain and contained a homoserine residue, the second corresponded to the C-terminal part of J chain with 13-18 amino acid residues, and the third corresponded to the C-terminal octapeptide of the alpha chain. The data indicate that J chain is attached to alpha chain(s) through the penultimate cysteine residue of the C-terminal octapeptide.
DUMAND-II progress report (1993)

The design, scientific goals, and capabilities of the DUMAND II detector system are described. Construction was authorized by DOE in 1990, and construction of various detector subsystems is under way. Current plans include deployment of the shore cable, junction box and three strings of optical detector modules in 1993, with expansion to the full 9‐string configuration about one year later.
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) and Its Uses in Medicine (Williams, Robert R.; Spies, Tom Douglas) (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTVitamin B1 (Thiamin) and Its Uses in Medicine (Williams, Robert R.; Spies, Tom Douglas)Henry C. Sherman Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1938, 15, 10, 498Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1938Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1938Published inissue 1 October 1938https://doi.org/10.1021/ed015p498.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1004 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Nucleo-cytoplasmic transport as a therapeutic target of cancer (2014)

Shuttling of specific proteins out of the nucleus is essential for the regulation of the cell cycle and proliferation of both normal and malignant tissues. Dysregulation of this fundamental process may affect many other important cellular processes such as tumor growth, inflammatory response, cell cycle, and apoptosis. It is known that XPO1 (Exportin-1/Chromosome Region Maintenance 1/CRM1) is the main mediator of nuclear export in many cell types. Nuclear proteins exported to the cytoplasm by XPO1 include the drug targets topoisomerase IIα (topo IIα) and BCR-ABL and tumor suppressor proteins such as Rb, APC, p53, p21, and p27. XPO1 can mediate cell proliferation through several pathways: (i) the sub-cellular localization of NES-containing oncogenes and tumor suppressor proteins, (ii) the control of the mitotic apparatus and chromosome segregation, and (iii) the maintenance of nuclear and chromosomal structures. The XPO1 protein is elevated in ovarian carcinoma, glioma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic and cervical cancer. There is a growing body of research indicating that XPO1 may have an important role as a prognostic marker in solid tumors. Because of this, nuclear export inhibition through XPO1 is a potential target for therapeutic intervention in many cancers. The best understood XPO1 inhibitors are the small molecule nuclear export inhibitors (NEIs; Leptomycin B and derivatives, ratjadones, PKF050-638, valtrate, ACA, CBS9106, selinexor/KPT-330, and verdinexor/KPT-335). Selinexor and verdinexor are orally bioavailable, highly potent, small molecules that are classified as Selective Inhibitors of Nuclear Export (SINE). KPT-330 is the only NEI currently in Phase I/II human clinical trials in hematological and solid cancers. Of all the potential targets in nuclear cytoplasmic transport, the nuclear export receptor XPO1 remains the best understood and most advanced therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer.
Robust Predictive Control Strategy Applied for Propofol Dosing Using BIS as a Controlled Variable During Anesthesia (2008)

This paper presents the application of predictive control to drug dosing during anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery. The performance of a generic predictive control strategy in drug dosing control, with a previously reported anesthesia-specific control algorithm, has been evaluated. The robustness properties of the predictive controller are evaluated with respect to inter- and intrapatient variability. A single-input (propofol) single-output (bispectral index, BIS) model of the patient has been assumed for prediction as well as for simulation. A set of 12 patient models were studied and interpatient variability and disturbances are used to assess robustness of the controller. Furthermore, the controller guarantees the stability in a desired range. The applicability of the predictive controller in a real-life environment via simulation studies has been assessed.
Derivatives of 3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone as .beta.-adrenergic blocking agents. 1. Bunolol and related analogs (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of 3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone as .beta.-adrenergic blocking agents. 1. Bunolol and related analogsCharles F. Schwender, Sheldon. Farber, Carol. Blaum, and John. ShavelCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 4, 684–688Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00298a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00298a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization and use of radio frequency plasma‐activated natural polymers (1979)

Abstract A group of natural materials having anhydroglucose units linked by glycosidic bonds, as well as other related compounds, were irradiated with plasmas generated by a radio frequency field (13.56 MHz). Reactive sites created were characterized by electron spin resonance, chemiluminescence, infrared, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The free radicals are related to the number of glycosidic bonds, and their decays result in chemiluminescence. In the absence of moisture and oxygen, however, the radicals are stable. During plasma irradiation, carbonyl groups as well as free radicals are formed on surfaces, and the atom ratio of oxygen to carbon on surfaces increases. Within the reactor, thin films of polymers can be deposited on cotton fabrics by allowing the monomer to enter the reactor above the fabric that is in a horizontal position downstream from the external electrodes.
Cross-modal event summarization: A network of networks approach (2016)

We present the design and implementation of an automated event summarization system that leverages publicly available data from online sources. A novel Network of Networks (NoN) model is proposed to represent a multimodal data set comprising microblog posts, news articles, and images that describe current attitudes, trends, and events being shared by individuals and organizations. In this model, networks are arranged in layers that represent the different modalities, and the nodes within a given layer account for the information in that modality. Edges connect pairs of nodes - possibly from different modalities - based on the topical similarity of the content. A novel ranking algorithm is developed that selects a topically diverse collection of nodes across the different layers (i.e., tuples) that serve as representative highlights of the events described in the network. Tuples are subsequently stitched together in a temporal sequence in order to generate a consistent event storyline. This stitching is accomplished by framing the problem as a modified longest path problem in a directed acyclic graph. Our proposed system has been fully implemented using parallel computing paradigms for scalable data processing and real-time analysis, and initial experiments have been conducted on real-world events to demonstrate the effectiveness of the system.
High Performance Multilayer MoS<sub>2</sub> Transistors with Scandium Contacts (2012)

While there has been growing interest in two-dimensional (2-D) crystals other than graphene, evaluating their potential usefulness for electronic applications is still in its infancy due to the lack of a complete picture of their performance potential. The focus of this article is on contacts. We demonstrate that through a proper understanding and design of source/drain contacts and the right choice of number of MoS(2) layers the excellent intrinsic properties of this 2-D material can be harvested. Using scandium contacts on 10-nm-thick exfoliated MoS(2) flakes that are covered by a 15 nm Al(2)O(3) film, high effective mobilities of 700 cm(2)/(V s) are achieved at room temperature. This breakthrough is largely attributed to the fact that we succeeded in eliminating contact resistance effects that limited the device performance in the past unrecognized. In fact, the apparent linear dependence of current on drain voltage had mislead researchers to believe that a truly Ohmic contact had already been achieved, a misconception that we also elucidate in the present article.
Probabilistic LMA-based classification of human behaviour understanding using Power Spectrum technique (2010)

This paper proposes a new approach for the Power Spectrum (PS)-based feature extraction applied to probabilistic Laban Movement Analysis (LMA), for the sake of human behaviour understanding. A Bayesian network is presented to understand human action and behaviour based on 3D spatial data and using the LMA concept which is a known human movement descriptor. We have two steps for the classification process. The first step is estimating LMA parameters which are built to describe human motion situation by using some low level features. Then by having these parameters, it is possible to classify different human actions and behaviours. Here, a sample of using 3D acceleration data of six body parts to obtain some LMA parameters and understand some performed actions by human is shown. A new approach is applied to extract features from a signal data such as acceleration using the PS technique to achieve some of LMA parameters. A number of actions are defined, then a Bayesian network is used in learning and classification process. The experimental results prove that the proposed method is able to classify actions.