gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Epitope-Specific Memory CD4+ T Cells After Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus (2002)

The generation of memory lymphocytes is one of the hallmarks of the specific immune response. The CD4(+) T cell response is of critical importance in maintaining long-term protective immunity after clearing many infections. However, accurate characterization of these memory CD4(+) T cells has relied mainly on mouse studies and is poorly understood in humans. We have detected and counted epitope-specific populations of CD4(+) memory cells in patients who have cleared hepatitis C virus. The kinetics of the recall response and the expression of the chemokine receptor CCR7 suggested the presence of distinct populations. A population of memory cells measured in an ex vivo IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay steadily declined after viral clearance. However, memory CD4(+) T cells only characterized after short-term culture with Ag and IL-2, and, recognizing the same epitopes, developed into a long-term stable population. Depletion of CCR7(+) cells from PBMCs markedly reduced the responses in the culture-positive population while having little effect on the ex vivo responses. The demonstration of these key memory subsets in man opens the way to defining their role in protective immune responses.
CD24 Is an Effector of HIF-1–Driven Primary Tumor Growth and Metastasis (2012)

Hypoxia drives malignant progression in part by promoting accumulation of the oncogenic transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in tumor cells. Tumor aggressiveness also relates to elevation of the cancer stem cell-associated membrane protein CD24, which has been causally implicated in tumor formation and metastasis in experimental models. Here, we link these two elements by showing that hypoxia induces CD24 expression through a functional hypoxia responsive element in the CD24 promoter. HIF-1α overexpression induced CD24 mRNA and protein under normoxic conditions, with this effect traced to a recruitment of endogenous HIF-1α to the CD24 promoter. Short hairpin RNA-mediated attenuation of HIF-1α or CD24 expression reduced cancer cell survival in vitro and in vivo at the levels of primary and metastatic tumor growth. CD24 overexpression in HIF-1α-depleted cancer cells rescued this decrease, whereas HIF-1α overexpression in CD24-depleted cells did not. Analysis of clinical tumor specimens revealed a correlation between HIF-1α and CD24 levels and an association of their coexpression to decreased patient survival. Our results establish a mechanistic linkage between 2 critically important molecules in cancer, identifying CD24 as a critical HIF-1α transcriptional target and biologic effector, strengthening the rationale to target CD24 for cancer therapy.
Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of electric systems and power electronics on FPGA using physical modeling (2013)

This paper describes a new floating-point solver for the real-time simulation of electric and power electronic circuits on FPGA, without the need to actually program their mathematical equations. The simulation model is generated by the tool directly from a physical model of the application designed by the user in a circuit editor. The new tool `Electric Hardware Solver' (eHS) aims at facilitating FPGA-based Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) of power converters and motor drives in particular, by overcoming the difficulties associated with the tedious implementation of analytical models on FPGA Several actual circuit examples are simulated with this tool and real-time simulation results are giving.
Analytical Modeling of Parasitic Capacitance in Inserted-Oxide FinFETs (2017)

An analytical model of parasitic capacitancein inserted-oxide FinFETs (iFinFETs) is proposed. A comparative study on the parasitic capacitance of contemporary multigate devices conforming to 7-nm technology node targets is presented. The proposed model is validated against 3-D Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulations. Dependence of the iFinFET parasitic capacitance on device design parameters, such as the inserted-oxide thickness (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">iox</sub> ) and inserted-oxide recess (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rec</sub> ), is shown using the proposed model and TCAD simulations.
Ultradian Rhythm of Basal Corticosterone Release in the Female Rat: Dynamic Interaction with the Response to Acute Stress* (1998)

Abstract The present study investigated the dynamic regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and its significance to acute stress responsiveness in the female rat. An automated, frequent blood-sampling technique allowed the circadian rhythm of corticosterone to be resolved into a series of pulses. These were equally distributed (mean interval, 50.9 ± 3.7 min) throughout the 24-h cycle, but their magnitude varied significantly, being higher between 1800–2200 h (137 ± 9 ng/ml) than between 0600–1000 h (75 ± 17 ng/ml). This pattern of release indicates continuous, but variable, activity of the axis throughout the day. The pulsatile ultradian rhythm suggested alternate periods of secretion and inhibition, which were found to have a profound effect on the corticosterone responses to acute stress. Noise stress (10 min, 114 decibels) evoked a transient increase in corticosterone, which reached a maximum (377 ± 87 ng/ml) 20 min after onset. However, within this group (n = 26) the response varied depending on the underlying basal activity. When stress coincided with a rising (secretory) phase of a pulse, corticosterone concentrations rose to 602 ± 150% of mean basal concentrations (P &lt; 0.001). In contrast, when stress coincided with a falling (nonsecretory) phase of a pulse, a significantly smaller response, no greater than a basal pulse, was evoked. Thus, the alternate periods of secretion and inhibition generating basal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity are an important determinant of responses to acute stress.
An OCR system for business cards (2002)

An experimental business card recognition system is described that recognizes Japanese business cards of a wide variety both in formats and fonts. It also classifies recognition results into several predefined categories so that a business card database is built automatically. The overall procedure divides into a character recognition phase and a linguistic processing phase. In the first phase, the system gives a strictly local approach toward line segmentation to cope with slanted images. In the linguistic processing phase, recognition result strings generated in the former phase are analysed, classified and verified with the help of built databases. Some experimental results are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury in Different Clinical Settings: A Time to Change the Paradigm? (2010)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is diagnosed in 5% of all hospitalized patients and in up to 50% of all ICU patients. In the last years a dramatic rise in the prevalence of AKI has been observed with virtually no change in mortality, reaching up to 50-80% in all dialyzed ICU patients. AKI may progress to end-stage renal disease, and even subclinical episodes of AKI, which are common, may also progress to end-stage renal disease. The early detection of AKI may enable timely intervention and prevention of progression; however, in animal models and in human studies the 'window of therapeutic intervention' is narrow. Different urinary and serum proteins have been intensively investigated as possible biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AKI. There are promising candidate biomarkers with the ability to detect an early and graded increase in tubular epithelial cell injury and distinguish pre-renal disease from acute tubular necrosis. In this review, new emerging biomarkers of AKI are presented and described in some clinical settings, such as cardiac surgery, contrast-induced nephropathy, delayed graft function and ICU/emergency departments, where biomarkers are urgently needed to diagnose, make prognoses and differentiate.
Practical visual odometry for car-like vehicles (2009)

A method for calculating visual odometry for ground vehicles with car-like kinematic motion constraints similar to Ackerman's steering model is presented. By taking advantage of this non-holonomic driving constraint we show a simple and practical solution to the odometry calculation by clever placement of a single camera. The method has been implemented successfully on a large industrial forklift and a Toyota Prado SUV. Results from our industrial test site is presented demonstrating the applicability of this method as a replacement for wheel encoder-based odometry for these vehicles.
Comparison of the Thermoresponsive Deswelling Kinetics of Poly(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate) Hydrogels Prepared by ATRP and FRP (2010)

Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA) were prepared by both atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and conventional free radical polymerization (FRP). The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) transitions of the hydrogels prepared by the different polymerization mechanisms were compared at the macroscopic level and the molecular level. Gels prepared by ATRP swelled much more, but their macroscopic deswelling was retarded in comparison with gels prepared by FRP. This retardation was especially pronounced at higher temperatures and was attributed to the enhanced formation of skin layer in uniform gels prepared by ATRP. Variable-temperature time-lapse NMR spectroscopy showed that the rate of the dehydration of polymer chains at molecular level was much faster than macroscopic deswelling.
Comparison of Two Longitudinal Growth Models for Preschool Children (1982)

Two models for growth in length and weight early childhood are compared for goodness of fit and other qualities. One model is linear in its parameters, while the second is nonlinear. Both models are fitted to the data for length and weight of each child in a large sample which has fairly complete and reliable records of measurements. The results are used to study issues such as model reliability, efficiency and precision, overall and age-specific goodness of fit, and adequacy of assumptions.
Use of syringes containing dry (lyophilized) heparin in sampling blood for pH measurement and blood-gas analysis. (1982)

Journal Article Use of syringes containing dry (lyophilized) heparin in sampling blood for pH measurement and blood-gas analysis. Get access G Madiedo, G Madiedo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Sciacca, R Sciacca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L Hause, L Hause Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E Sasse E Sasse Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 28, Issue 7, 1 July 1982, Pages 1727–1729, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/28.7.1727 Published: 01 July 1982
Determination of Planning Capacity and Layout Criteria of Outdoor Recreation Projects. By H. N. Van Lier (1974)

"Determination of Planning Capacity and Layout Criteria of Outdoor Recreation Projects. By H. N. Van Lier." Journal of Leisure Research, 6(3), pp. 267–268
The Muscle Regulatory Factors MyoD and Myf-5 Undergo Distinct Cell Cycle–specific Expression in Muscle Cells (1998)

The muscle regulators MyoD and Myf-5 control cell cycle withdrawal and induction of differentiation in skeletal muscle cells. By immunofluorescence analysis, we show that MyoD and Myf-5 expression patterns become mutually exclusive when C2 cells are induced to differentiate with Myf-5 staining present in cells which fail to differentiate. Isolation of these undifferentiated cells reveals that upon serum stimulation they reenter the cell cycle, express MyoD and downregulate Myf-5. Similar regulations of MyoD and Myf-5 were observed using cultured primary myoblasts derived from satellite cells. To further analyze these regulations of MyoD and Myf-5 expression, we synchronized proliferating myoblasts. Analysis of MyoD and Myf-5 expression during cell cycle progression revealed distinct and contrasting profiles of expression. MyoD is absent in G0, peaks in mid-G1, falls to its minimum level at G1/S and reaugments from S to M. In contrast, Myf-5 protein is high in G0, decreases during G1 and reappears at the end of G1 to remain stable until mitosis. These data demonstrate that the two myogenic factors MyoD and Myf-5 undergo specific and distinct cell cycle-dependent regulation, thus establishing a correlation between the cell cycle-specific ratios of MyoD and Myf-5 and the capacity of cells to differentiate: (a) in G1, when cells express high levels of MyoD and enter differentiation; (b) in G0, when cells express high levels of Myf-5 and fail to differentiate.
Control of Avian Influenza in Poultry (2006)

Avian influenza, listed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), has become a disease of great importance for animal and human health. Several aspects of the disease lack scientific information, which has hampered the management of some recent crises. Millions of animals have died, and concern is growing over the loss of human lives and management of the pandemic potential. On the basis of data generated in recent outbreaks and in light of new OIE regulations and maintenance of animal welfare, we review the available control methods for avian influenza infections in poultry, from stamping out to prevention through emergency and prophylactic vaccination.
Regulation of synaptic plasticity in a schizophrenia model (2005)

The pathology of schizophrenia is characterized by increased hippocampal activity at baseline and during auditory hallucinations. Animal-model studies in which the flow of activity to the hippocampus is increased through decreased amygdalar GABAergic inhibition have shown alterations of hippocampal circuitry similar to schizophrenia, but the functional importance of this phenomenon remains unclear. We provide evidence of decreased hippocampal feed-forward and tonic GABA-mediated inhibition in this animal model, complementing increased hippocampal activity seen in neuroimaging and postmortem studies. We demonstrate that GABA dysfunction increases long-term potentiation through activation of the cholinergic system, offering a new mechanism for pharmacological strategies of this disorder.
Sound design of low power nested transconductance-capacitancecompensation amplifiers (1999)

An amplifier design approach is presented which is based on an all region MOS transistor model. Low power analogue circuits are designed using the presented approach. For illustrative purposes a nested transconductance-capacitance compensated (NGCC) operational amplifier is designed. Verification was carried out using a CMOS chip prototype which yields an op-amp with 105 dB gain, a 1.05 MHz gain-bandwidth product, 0.28 mW power consumption and 0.137 mm2 active area for a 2 V supply voltage and 10 kΩ/20 pF load.
A convenient preparation of N-acyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline. (1980)

N-Acetyl- and N-formyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline were conveniently prepared by reductive acylation of quinoline without isolating the labile 1, 2-dihydroquinoline. This method was also applied to isoquinoline to prepare N-acetyl-1, 2-dihydroisoquinoline.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of Phosphonylated Peptides (2010)

We report the solid-phase syntheses of two series of phosphonylated peptides using Fmoc-protected amino acids. The peptides corresponded to regions containing phosphonylated Ser195 in the active site of butyrylcholinesterase and Tyr411 of ­human serum albumin. The phosphonylated Fmoc-protected amino acids were used in solid-phase peptide synthesis to prepare the peptides. Fmoc-serine and Fmoc-tyrosine with benzyl ester protection were treated with alkyl methylphosphonic monochloridates to phosphonylate the side-chain hydroxy groups. The phosphonylated peptides were designed to mimic the protein region after exposure of the proteins to organophosphorus agents.
<i>Bsi</i>Y I, a novel thermophilic restriction endonuclease that recognizes 5′ CCNNNNNNNGG 3′ and the discovery of a wrongly sequenced site in pACYC177 (1991)

A new type II restriction endonuclease designated BsiY I has been purified from a thermophilic soil Bacillus stearothermophilus strain. This enzyme recognizes and cleaves the highly degenerate sequence 5' CCNNNNN!NNGG 3'. During the identification of the recognition sequence of BsiY I, we discovered that there should be five G nucleotides instead of four at position 1227-1230 of the plasmid pACYC177.
Integrating Diverse Information Management Systems: A Brief Survey (2001)

Most current information management systems can be classified into text retrieval systems, relational/object database systems, or semistructured/XML database systems. However, in practice, many applications data sets involve a combination of free text, structured data, and semistructured data. Hence, integration of different types of information management systems has been, and continues to be, an active research topic. In this paper, we present a short survey of prior work on integrating and inter-operating between text, structured, and semistructured database systems. We classify existing literature based on the kinds of systems being integrated and the approach to integration. Based on this classification, we identify the challenges and the key themes underlying existing work in this area. 1
Systematic Control of the Packing Density of Self-Assembled Monolayers Using Bidentate and Tridentate Chelating Alkanethiols (2005)

The structural and interfacial properties of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold derived from the adsorption of a series of 1,1,1-tris(mercaptomethyl)alkanes (i.e., CH3(CH2)mC[CH2SH]3, where m = 9, 11, 13, 15) were investigated. The new SAMs, which possess uniformly low densities of alkyl chains, were characterized by ellipsometry, contact angle goniometry, and polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. Additional analysis of the SAMs by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy permitted a direct calculation of the packing densities of the SAMs on gold. The results as a whole, when compared to those obtained on SAMs generated from normal alkanethiols (CH3(CH2)m+2SH), 2-alkylpropane-1,3-dithiols (CH3(CH2)mCH[CH2SH]2), and 2-alkyl-2-methylpropane-1,3-dithiols (CH3(CH2)mC(CH3)[CH2SH]2) having analogous chain lengths, demonstrate that the 1,1,1-tris(mercaptomethyl)alkanes afford SAMs with alkyl chains having the lowest packing density and least conformational order.
Multiparty Computation for Dishonest Majority: from Passive to Active Security at Low Cost. (2010)

Multiparty computation protocols have been known for more than twenty years now, but due to their lack of efficiency their use is still limited in real-world applications: the goal of this paper is the design of efficient two and multi party computation protocols aimed to fill the gap between theory and practice. We propose a new protocol to securely evaluate reactive arithmetic circuits, that offers security against an active adversary in the universally composable security framework. Instead of the “do-and-compile” approach (where the parties use zero-knowledge proofs to show that they are following the protocol) our key ingredient is an efficient version of the “cut-and-choose” technique, that allow us to achieve active security for just a (small) constant amount of work more than for passive security.
A high‐throughput method for membrane protein solubility screening: The ultracentrifugation dispersity sedimentation assay (2007)

One key to successful crystallization of membrane proteins is the identification of detergents that maintain the protein in a soluble, monodispersed state. Because of their hydrophobic nature, membrane proteins are particularly prone to forming insoluble aggregates over time. This nonspecific aggregation of the molecules reduces the likelihood of the regular association of the protein molecules essential for crystal lattice formation. Critical buffer components affecting the aggregation of membrane proteins include detergent choice, salt concentration, and presence of glycerol. The optimization of these parameters is often a time- and protein-consuming process. Here we describe a novel ultracentrifugation dispersity sedimentation (UDS) assay in which ultracentrifugation of very small (5 microL) volumes of purified, soluble membrane protein is combined with SDS-PAGE analysis to rapidly assess the degree of protein aggregation. The results from the UDS method correlate very well with established methods like size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), while consuming considerably less protein. In addition, the UDS method allows rapid screening of detergents for membrane protein crystallization in a fraction of the time required by SEC. Here we use the UDS method in the identification of suitable detergents and buffer compositions for the crystallization of three recombinant prokaryotic membrane proteins. The implications of our results for membrane protein crystallization prescreening are discussed.
Intertumoral Heterogeneity of CD3+ and CD8+ T-Cell Densities in the Microenvironment of DNA Mismatch-Repair–Deficient Colon Cancers: Implications for Prognosis (2018)

Tumor-infiltrating T-cell densities exhibited greater intertumoral heterogeneity among dMMR than pMMR colon cancers, with CD3<sup>+</sup>IM providing robust stratification of both dMMR and pMMR tumors for prognosis. Potentially, lower T-cell densities among dMMR tumors may contribute to immunotherapy resistance.
A software environment for general purpose MIMD multiprocessors (2003)

A software environment for general purpose multiple instruction multiple data (MIMD) machines based on packet switched message passing paradigms is described. The environment provides system calls for communication between various processing elements in the machine and system calls to get the configuration of the system. It assumes the presence of a host processor through which facilities are provided for forking remote processes on various processing elements. The host processor has all the peripherals of the system and acts as an I/O processor of the system. During the normal course of execution, it forks processes, collects results from various processing elements, sequences them and then produces the output of the program.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Suppression of Multiphoton Ionization with Circularly Polarized Coherent Light (1986)

Multiphoton ionization in xenon has been studied with 1064-nm circularly polarized coherent light, producing electrons with energies up to 15 eV. A strong suppression of the cross section is observed for electrons below 4 eV, but not for linearly polarized light at the same intensity. We show that if the electrons are emitted in single-step, nonresonant coherent processes, rather than stepwise excitation, the centrifugal potential barrier in the atomic Hamiltonian produces this suppression.