gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distribution of zinc in skeletal muscle and liver tissue in normal and dietary controlled alcoholic rats. (1975)

Zinc deficiency is a concomitant of both alcoholism and cirrhosis, as indicated by plasma and tissue measurements in man. The intracellular sites of zinc distribution, the site-specific nature of alcohol/cirrhosis-related depletion, and the alcohol exposure-zinc depletion time function have not been reported. Spague-Dawley rats (16) at 5 to 6 weeks were given normal chow and 20 per cent ethanol as sole water source. Control animals (14) had tap water. In rats killed at 2, 5, 9, and 14 weeks, zinc levels were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy in plasma (p); muscle tissue (MT), cell sap (MCS) cell sap-free (MCSF), and mitochondria (MM); liver tissue (LT), cell sap (MCS), cell sap-free fraction (LCSF), And mitochondria (LM). Control zinc levels were stable in all tissues over the 14-week study; p = 108, plus or minus 10 mug per 100 ml., MT = 125 plus or minus 18, MCS = 30.3 plus or minus 3, MCSF = 70 plus or minus 6, MM = 209 plus or minus 17, LT = 198 plus or minus 29, LCS = 125 plus or minus 11.0, LCSF = 79.5 plus or minus 11.2, and LM = 291 plus or minus 30 mug per gram of dry tissue. Ethanol-fed rats showed marked decrease in all liver zinc fractions from the earliest (2 weeks) time, with the greatest depletion in LM to 35 per cent of control. MT and p zinc showed monotonic gradual declines at the rate of 3 per cent per week, becoming statistically different from control at 9 weeks in both tissues. Normal weight gain occurred in control animals: alcohol rats gained 52 per cent of control to 5 weeks, and showed no subsequent gain, weighing 62 per cent of control levels at 14 weeks. Liver mitochondria contain the highest zinc concentration, and are most rapidly depleted. MT and p declines follow hepatic zinc loss.
Regional head tissue conductivity estimation for improved EEG analysis (2000)

We develop a method for estimating regional head tissue conductivities in vivo, by injecting small (1-10 microA) electric currents into the scalp, and measuring the potentials at the remaining electrodes of a dense-array electroencephalography net. We first derive analytic expressions for the potentials generated by scalp current injection in a four-sphere model of the human head. We then use a multistart downhill simplex algorithm to find regional tissue conductivities which minimize the error between measured and computed scalp potentials. Two error functions are studied, with similar results. The results show that, despite the low skull conductivity and expected shunting by the scalp, all four regional conductivities can be determined to within a few percent error. The method is robust to the noise levels expected in practice. To obtain accurate results the cerebrospinal fluid must be included in the forward solution, but may be treated as a known parameter in the inverse solution.
53.2: Recent Improvements of Droplet‐Driven Electrowetting Displays (2008)

Abstract A new display technology based on droplet moving by electro‐wetting was introduced in 2007. Major improvements were made regarding hydrophobic layer, fluids, pixel layout, driving electronics and system design resulting in an operating voltage of less than 20 V for a 2 mm droplet. This enables new approaches for bistable and high reflective displays (e‐paper) with low power consumption, superior ambient light performance and wide temperature range. The pixel size can be varied between 0.5 and 10 mm for single pixels and being typical 2 mm for 8‐Segment as well as for (color) matrix displays driven by Passive Matrix.
In-Vitro Release of Zinc Pyrithione from A Shampoo Base and the Effects of Various Additives on its Release Rate (1985)

AbstractZinc pyrithione has been established as one of the most effective anti-dandruff ingredients for use in shampoo formulations, through various clinical studies. However, the clinical efficacy is dependent upon its release rate from the vehicle and adsorption onto the scalp and hair. In light of these findings, the release of zinc pyrithione from a typical lotion shampoo base was investigated in-vitro. The shampoo formulation consisted of an anionic detergent, an amide and thickening agents commonly used in such products. The additives used included ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), polyethylene glyeol-400, propylene glycol and urea at 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of the formulations.Release experiments were carried out at 37°C, with diffusion cells immersed in beakers containing distilled water adjusted to pH 5.In general, the presence of the additive ingredient increased the release of zinc pyrithione. Among the samples evaluated, the formulations containing ethanol or propylene glycol gave the highest release rate of the drug. And the rank order for the release of the zinc pyrithione was observed to be from the samples with ethanol > dimethyl sulfoxide > urea > polyethyleneglycol-400 > propylene glycol > commercial products.
Analysis and Optimum Design of Composite Grid Structures (1996)

An integrated equivalent stiffness model is developed to describe a grid structure with or without laminate skins. The in-plane bending and shear of ribs are included without introducing any extra degree of freedom so that Mindlin's plate theory can still be adopted. As a result, the model can be directly incorporated with the existing FEM technique and take advantage of commercial codes. The proposed model is demonstrated to be efficient and reasonably accurate. If high precision is required, the equivalent stiffness model can be incorporated with the exact FEM modeling to obtain a refined stress analysis. Hygrothermal behavior and local buckling are also taken into account. Using the model as a tool, the performance of composite grid structures can be compared to traditional laminates, sandwich plates and metal grid structures. A method of optimum design is established to design a grid structure with or without laminated skins. Multiple loads and multiple failure mechanisms are considered. Discrete design is also included. Furthermore, the method can be easily incorporated with FEM to perform structural optimization. The optimization code is demonstrated to be a very powerful design tool. Finally, a user-friendly computer code is developed to perform the above tasks.
예비 유아교사의 창의적 인성과 의사결정이 셀프리더십에 미치는 영향 (2014)

본 연구는 예비 유아교사의 창의적 인성 및 의사결정과 셀프리더십의 관계가 어떠하며 셀프리더십에 미치는 창의적 인성과 의사결정의 영향이 어떠한지를 알아보아 예비 유아교사 교육과정에 셀프리더십 향상을 위한 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구대상은 전라도의 W대학교와 G대학교의 유아교육과에 재학하는 학생 159명이다. 수집된 자료는 평균과 표준편차, 상관관계 분석,...
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptors in Pancreas and Liver. Structure‐Function Relationship<sup>a</sup> (1988)

In purified rat pancreatic plasma membranes, (D-Phe4)PHI interacts as a selective VIP agonist for rat pancreatic VIP-preferring receptors, based on binding selectivity and adenylate cyclase activation, therefore allowing us to discriminate between the participation of VIP-preferring and secretin-preferring receptors in VIP stimulation. VIP-preferring receptors also bind GRF. They rely on disulfide bridges for their functional integrity. Their coupling with adenylate cyclase, based on the intrinsic activity of VIP analogues, is poor when compared to that of hepatic VIP receptors. In fresh rat liver plasma membranes, high-affinity VIP receptors are specifically labeled with [125I]helodermin and [125I]His1, D-Ala NLeu27)GRF and are well coupled to adenylate cyclase while low-affinity VIP receptors are not. The first subtype of VIP receptors is highly responsive to guanyl nucleotides and is easily altered by dithiothreitol. Only after freezing and thawing are low-affinity hepatic VIP receptors coupled to adenylate cyclase. Concerning the chemical characterization of VIP receptors, 66- and 35-kDa peptides are detected after specific [125I]VIP cross-linking with double agents in rat pancreatic membranes. In contrast, in intact pancreatic acini, the main source of radioactivity has a molecular mass of 130-180 kDa (with no contribution of intramolecular disulfide bridges), and an 80-kDa peptide is also detectable. The 66-kDa species in membranes can conceivably derive from the 80-kDa species observed in intact cells. Its molecular mass is higher than that of the 56-kDa [125I]VIP cross-linked protein previously observed in rat liver membranes. Besides, species differences between rat and guinea pig pancreas are also evident.
Field Determination of Geological/Chemical Properties of an Aquifer by Cone Penetrometry and Headspace Analysis (1992)

Abstract The cone penetrometer with pore pressure measurements was first introduced in 1975. It is generally regarded in the geotechnical community as one of the most efficient tools for stratigraphic logging of soft soils. Recently, the conventional cone penetrometer has been coupled with a porous probe ground‐water sampler for environmental applications. This coupled system was used to perform soil logging, collect ground‐water samples, and evaluate hydraulic conductivity in an effort to determine the extent and preferential flow pathway(s) of a soluble hydrocarbon plume in a Texas aquifer. Ground‐water samples collected by a porous probe sampler were analyzed for hydrocarbon content by a portable gas chromatograph with a photoionization detector (GC/PID) to characterize the extent of the soluble organic plume and provide a field evaluation of ground‐water quality. Aqueous concentrations of hydrocarbons calculated from vapor headspace measurements by this technique were in good agreement with direct concentration measurements obtained in the laboratory using standard EPA ground‐water analytical procedures. This field procedure makes it possible to efficiently use cone penetrometry equipment in less characterized areas allowing rapid delineation of volatile organic plumes by the headspace analysis. Interpretation of the cone penetrometer test data located a buried channel on the site aligned in an east‐west depositional direction. To the north and south of the channel, the soils exhibited reduced hydraulic conductivity due to their respective soil type or depositional density. Analyses of ground‐water samples collected from the area confirmed that soluble hydrocarbon migration was following the more permeable channel. In addition, depth selective ground‐water sampling recorded sharp changes in the vertical concentration profiles indicating that macroscopic vertical dispersion may be negligible at this site.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication Is Modulated by Host Cyclophilin A Expression Levels (1998)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag and the cellular protein cyclophilin A form an essential complex in the virion core: virions produced by proviruses encoding Gag mutants with decreased cyclophilin A affinity exhibit attenuated infectivity, as do virions produced in the presence of the competitive inhibitor cyclosporine. The A224E Gag mutant has no effect on cyclophilin A affinity but renders HIV-1 replication cyclosporine resistant in Jurkat T cells. In contrast, A224E mutant virus is dead in H9 T cells, although replication is rescued by cyclosporine or by expression in cis of a Gag mutant that decreases cyclophilin A-affinity. The observation that disruption of the Gag-cyclophilin A interaction rescues A224E mutant replication in H9 cells prompted experiments which revealed that, relative to Jurkat cells, H9 cells express greater quantities of cyclophilin A. The resulting larger quantity of cyclophilin A shown to be packaged into virions produced by H9 cells is presumably disruptive to the A224E mutant virion core. Further evidence that increased cyclophilin A expression in H9 cells is of functional relevance was provided by the finding that Gag mutants with decreased cyclophilin A affinity are dead in Jurkat cells but capable of replication in H9 cells. Similarly, cyclosporine concentrations which inhibit wild-type HIV-1 replication in Jurkat cells stimulate HIV-1 replication in H9 cells. These results suggest that HIV-1 virion infectivity imposes narrow constraints upon cyclophilin A stoichiometry in virions and that infectivity is finely tuned by host cyclophilin A expression levels.
Selfpropagating high temperature synthesis of ceramic materials (1997)

Selfpropagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) or combustion synthesis is a process which utilises highly exothermic reactions to fabricate ceramic materials. Thermodynamic modelling of the SHS process and attempts to control the reaction rate by changing reactant particle size, addition of diluents, and reactant preheating are reviewed. A wide variety of ceramic materials can be produced by SHS, and the conditions necessary simultaneously to synthesize and densify SHS materials are discussed. © 1997 The Institute of Materials.
The LY‐6 Locus: A Multigene Family Encoding Phosphatidylinositol‐Anchored Membrane Proteins Concerned with T‐Cell Activation (1989)

In this review we will attempt to summarize what is known about the structure and function of the Ly-6 locus and its gene products
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-1 Expression Renders Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Sensitive to Alternative Aldosterone Signaling (2002)

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and ion transport using ERK1/2 as a downstream effector. Furthermore, the EGF receptor (EGFR) is involved in signaling by G-protein-coupled receptors, growth hormone, and cytokines via transactivation. It has been suggested that steroids interact with peptide hormones. Previously, we have shown that aldosterone modulates EGF responses in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (Gekle, M., Freudinger, R., Mildenberger, S., and Silbernagl, S. (2002) Am. J. Physiol. 282, F669-F679). Here, we tested the hypothesis that human EGFR-1 can confer alternative aldosterone responsiveness with respect to ERK1/2 phosphorylation to Chinese hamster ovary cells, which do not express EGFR. Wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cells did not respond to EGF or aldosterone. After transfection of human EGFR-1, the cells responded to EGF, but not to aldosterone. However, when submaximal concentrations of EGF were used, nanomolar concentrations of aldosterone potentiated the action of EGF within minutes, resulting in a leftward shift of the EGF dose-response curve. This was not the case in mock-transfected cells. The EGFR kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG1478 or the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 completely prevented the effect. Furthermore, aldosterone enhanced Tyr phosphorylation of c-Src and EGFR, and an inhibitor of cytosolic tyrosine kinases (4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyriociaine) prevented the action of aldosterone. Our data show that aldosterone uses the EGF-EGFR-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling cascade to elicit its alternative effects. In the presence of EGF, aldosterone leads to EGFR transactivation via cytosolic tyrosine kinases of the Src family.
Efficient reverse converters designs for RNS based digital signal processing systems (2013)

Residue Number System based signal processing is an efficient alternative to the conventional methods due to its small data size and parallel arithmetic operations. This paper presents the designs of the RNS to binary reverse converter, which is a critical component in a RNS based system. Different RNS modulo adders required to implement the reverse converter for the {2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> -1, 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> , 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sup> +1} moduli set are evaluated. Their performances are then compared against each other. FPGA synthesis results are also presented to demonstrate the performance efficiency of the different designs.
GROWING AND WANTING PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS ORGANISED BANKING SERVICES BY THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES- AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE (2015)

This Study was led among the MSMEs Entrepreneurs utilizing saving money benefits as a part of and around Tiruppur area. A few studies have been led on the entrance and absence of access to offices among MSMEs. No exploration has been directed in Tiruppur locale in particular, in regards to the variables adding to familiarity with MSMEs Entrepreneurs about different administrations offered by open, private and Industrial advancement banks and, in assessing their fulfillment level towards administrations offered by them. A definitive point of this study is to fill the current crevice in learningand go about as a going stone for future specialists who might want to direct studies on MSMEs.This study helps banks and MSMEs in comprehension the variables upsetting the entrance to administrations offered by banks and in doing as such, empower them to concoct ways and method for conquering those difficulties.This examination is taking into account the essential information, which was gathered among 230 MSME Entrepreneurs in Tiruppur district utilizing very much organized poll.This study uncovers that, respondents territory of living arrangement, sexual orientation, instructive capability, nature of business and turnover of respondents concern and so forth., are a portion of the central point adding to the level of mindfulness towards administrations offered by banks.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of periodontopathogenic bacteria (2008)

Increasing antibiotic resistances in periodontopathogenic bacteria are not yet a problem in the Northern part of Switzerland.
[The behavior and utility of 3-methylhistidine, urinary urea excretion and the creatinine height index in the sepsis patient]. (1995)

We have studied in a prospective manner the evolution of three urinary indices which measure protein catabolism: 3-methylhistidine, the creatinine level index, and the excretion of urinary nitrogen, the latter being calculated based on the excretion of urea in urine. These studies have been performed using healthy patients only being given parenteral nutrition. Our data shows a very significant decrease in 3-methylhistidine (p = 0.001) and in the excretion of nitrogen calculated (p = 0.026), there being a correlation among the differences between these two parameters.
Automated Precursor Ion Exclusion During LC-MS/MS Data Acquisition for Optimal Ion Identification (2012)

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is widely used for characterizing multiple samples of complex mixtures with similar compositions. This article addresses a data acquisition strategy for collecting a maximal number of unique, high-quality MS/MS during LC-MS/MS analysis of multiple samples. Based on the concept that a component only needs to be identified once when analyzing multiple samples with similar compositions, an automated intersample data-dependent acquisition strategy was developed. The strategy is based on precursor ion exclusion (PIE) and is implemented in MassAnalyzer in an automated fashion for Thermo Scientific (San Jose, CA, USA) mass spectrometers. In this method, MassAnalyzer submits one sample at a time to the sample queue. After data acquisition of each sample, MassAnalyzer automatically analyzes the data to generate a PIE list based on the MS/MS precursor ions, merges this list with the list generated from previous runs, adds the list to the MS method file, and submits the next sample to the queue. The PIE list contains both m/z value and time window for each precursor ion, and is generated intelligently so that if an MS/MS is insufficient for identifying the peak of interest, it will be collected again near the top of the peak in the next run. Therefore, the strategy maximizes both quality and the number of unique MS/MS. When automated PIE was used to acquire LC-MS/MS data of an antibody tryptic digest and a soy hydrolysate sample, the number of identified ions increased by 52% and 93%, respectively, compared with data acquired without using PIE.
NRP/B, a Novel Nuclear Matrix Protein, Associates With p110RB and Is Involved in Neuronal Differentiation (1998)

The nuclear matrix is defined as the insoluble framework of the nucleus and has been implicated in the regulation of gene expression, the cell cycle, and nuclear structural integrity via linkage to intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton. We have discovered a novel nuclear matrix protein, NRP/B (nuclear restricted protein/brain), which contains two major structural elements: a BTB domain-like structure in the predicted NH2 terminus, and a "kelch motif" in the predicted COOH-terminal domain. NRP/B mRNA (5.5 kb) is predominantly expressed in human fetal and adult brain with minor expression in kidney and pancreas. During mouse embryogenesis, NRP/B mRNA expression is upregulated in the nervous system. The NRP/B protein is expressed in rat primary hippocampal neurons, but not in primary astrocytes. NRP/B expression was upregulated during the differentiation of murine Neuro 2A and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Overexpression of NRP/B in these cells augmented neuronal process formation. Treatment with antisense NRP/B oligodeoxynucleotides inhibited the neurite development of rat primary hippocampal neurons as well as the neuronal process formation during neuronal differentiation of PC-12 cells. Since the hypophosphorylated form of retinoblastoma protein (p110(RB)) is found to be associated with the nuclear matrix and overexpression of p110(RB) induces neuronal differentiation, we investigated whether NRP/B is associated with p110(RB). Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that NRP/B can be phosphorylated and can bind to the functionally active hypophosphorylated form of the p110(RB) during neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells induced by retinoic acid. Our studies indicate that NRP/B is a novel nuclear matrix protein, specifically expressed in primary neurons, that interacts with p110(RB) and participates in the regulation of neuronal process formation.
It is Probably Me: A Bayesian Approach to Weighting Digital Identity Sources (2019)

As human-kind becomes increasingly dependent on online services to conduct the fundamental aspects of daily life, digital footprints and the associated online service digital identities have the capacity to provide verification that an individual is a `real person' and possesses a true identity. A recognized challenge in utlising this data in this manner is that different types of online services possess different levels of reliability. This paper explores the application of naïve Bayes theorem to subsets of attributes contained within various types of online accounts that are presented as `identity sources'. This seeks to demonstrate that less reliable sources such as social media accounts will produce lower trust scores than more reliable sources following application of Bayes theorem. The results for which will be used to determine if digital identity sources can be relied upon in place of traditional paper identification documentation. This research and testing has been conducted as an element of a larger intelligent identity authentication system that seeks to create a solution that proves an identity is genuine via an individual's digital footprint.
Physical Cell Identity Self-Organization for Home eNodeB Deployment in LTE (2010)

Femtocells, also called home base stations, are small cellular access points installed by home users to get better indoor voice and data coverage with lower network operation cost. Considering the coexistence of eNB (macro cell) and a huge number of Home eNBs (femto cells), the assignment of Physical Cell Identity (PCI) among the different cells would be quite complex, especially in the user-deployment scenario of Home eNBs. In this paper, a solution of PCI self-organization for LTE Home eNB is proposed under the autonomous configuration framework of femto cells. By replacing time consuming and costly tasks with automatic mechanisms, operational expenditure of the widely distributed Home eNBs can be well reduced.