gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Loss of HtrA3, a serine protease involved in smoking-related lung cancer: Implications for chemoresistance (2006)

B70 Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States. Approximately 90% of lung cancer cases are smoking-related. HtrA3 is a serine protease belonging to HtrA family of serine proteases. We identified HtrA1 as a downregulated gene in ovarian and other cancers. Our initial analysis of expression of HtrA3 seems to indicate that it is specifically downregulated in lung and hepatocellular carcinomas as opposed to cancers of the ovary, breast or prostate. In addition, global gene expression analysis of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette condensates showed complete chronic downregulation of HtrA3 within two hours of exposure. In contrast the other two HtrA family members, HtrA1 and HtrA2, did not show any alteration in the expression levels following exposure to cigarette condensates as seen in the gene expression profiles in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database. Our more detailed analysis of HtrA3 expression in 18 lung cancer cell lines showed that 10 of 18 cell lines had either a complete loss (16 cell lines) or lower levels of HtrA3 expression compared to normal lung, implicating HtrA3 as a tumor suppressor gene in lung cancer etiology. Consistent with this observation, our preliminary results using methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR) indicate that two of five lung cancer cell lines analyzed had methylation of the HtrA3 promoter with corresponding loss of HtrA3 expression. Based on these preliminary data, we hypothesize that HtrA3 could be a target in lung cancer progression, specifically related to smoking. Preliminary data also indicate that forced expression of HtrA3 restores sensitivity to etoposide in resistant HeLa cells. Ongoing experiments will determine whether HtrA3 will confer chemosensitivity to lung cancer.
Bit-Sliced Binary Normal Basis Multiplication (2011)

The performance of many cryptographic primitives is reliant on efficient algorithms and implementation techniques for arithmetic in binary fields. While dedicated hardware support for said arithmetic is an emerging trend, the study of software-only implementation techniques remains important for legacy or non-equipped processors. One such technique is that of software-based bit-slicing. In the context of binary fields, this is an interesting option since there is extensive previous work on bit-oriented designs for arithmetic in hardware, such designs are intuitively well suited to bit-slicing in software. In this paper we harness previous work, using it to investigate bit-sliced, software-only implementation arithmetic for binary fields, over a range of practical field sizes and using a normal basis representation. We apply our results to demonstrate significant performance improvements for a stream cipher, and over the frequently employed Ning-Yin approach to normal basis implementation in software.
A new feedback error control scheme for block based video communication in packet switched wireless networks (2003)

This paper describes a new feedback scheme suitable for block-based video transmission as it is in use for H.261 video transmission over IP networks. The new scheme inherently provides support for highly unreliable communication links and thus improves packet-switched video transmission over wireless links. The evaluation of the new feedback scheme has been done by means of a prototype implementation, which we compare with other feedback schemes. We show how to use our new scheme with the real-time transport protocol (RTP) and give several extensions and improvements. Measurements show significant improvement in terms of bandwidth usage and user-level perception.
Look-ahead techniques for fast beam search (2002)

This paper presents two look-ahead techniques for speeding up large vocabulary continuous speech recognition. These two techniques, which are referred to as language model look-ahead and phoneme look-ahead, are incorporated into the pruning process of the time-synchronous one-pass beam search algorithm. The search algorithm is based on a tree-organized pronunciation lexicon in connection with a bigram language model. Both look-ahead techniques have been tested on the 20000-word NAB'94 task (ARPA North American Business Corpus). The recognition experiments show that the combination of bigram language model look-ahead and phoneme look-ahead reduces the size of search space by a factor of about 30 without affecting the word recognition accuracy in comparison with no look-ahead pruning technique.
A study of Neocardioceras (Ammonoidea) from Hokkaido:Studies of Cretaceous ammonites from Hokkaido and Sakhalin -XCII (2002)

A specimen collected years ago by Tatsuo Muramoto from Loc. Ik 1038 in the Ikushunbetsu Valley, central Hokkaido, was temporarily labeled as Neocardioceras (?) sp., without description. It is restudied on the basis of a review of previous works. As a result, it is now recognized as representing a new species of Neocardioceras, named N muramotoi, sp. nov. The previously known species of Neocardioceras from various regions of the world can be arranged in five biostratigraphic zones of the upper part of the Cenomanian Stage (Cretaceous) in the tripartite scale. On the ground of biostratigraphic correlation, N. muramotoi is assigned to the Zone of Metoicoceras geslinianum-Euomphaloceras septemseriatum in the middle part of the Upper Cenomanian Substage. In this zone no species of Neocardioceras has been recognized previously.
Kinetics and mechanism for manganese-catalyzed oxidation of sulfur(IV) by oxygen in aqueous solution (1993)

The kinetics for manganese-catalyzed autoxidation of sulfur(IV) (SO2.nH2O, HSO3-, SO32-) in aqueous solution has been studied spectrophotometrically at 25-degrees-C, 1 < pH < 4, [S(IV)] almost-equal-to 2.3 X 10(-5) M, 1 X 10(-6) M less-than-or-equal-to [Mn(II)] less-than-or-equal-to 1.5 X 10(-3) M, [Mn(III)] less-than-or-equal-to 4 X 10(-8) M, [O2] almost 2.5 X 10(-4) M, and low ionic strength. In the absence of added manganese(III), the kinetic traces display an induction period followed by a reaction first-order in sulfur(IV). Addition of a small amount of manganese(III) increases the rate significantly and suppresses the induction period. At pH 2.4, the first-order rate constant is k(obsd) = k[Mn(II)](1 + B[Mn(III)]0)/(A + [Mn(II)]), where A and B are constants and [Mn(III)]0 is the concentration of initially added manganese(III). The experiments are interpreted in terms of a free-radical chain mechanism. The first step, with rate constant k8 = (1.3 +/- 0.6) X 10(6) m-1 s-1, is a reaction between manganese(III) and a manganese(II) hydrogen sulfite complex with stability constant beta1 = (3 +/- 1) X 10(4) M-1: Mn(III) + MnHSO3+ -->(k8) 2Mn(II) + SO3- + H+. The catalytic activity of Mn(III/II) may be explained by formation of an oxo- (or hydroxo-) bridged mixed-valence precursor complex Mn(III)-O-Mn(II)-HSO3, in which bridged electron transfer produces the SO3 radical. When [Fe(III)] < 10(-6) M is added to the reacting system, the oxidation rate becomes much faster than the sum of the individual contributions from the manganese and iron catalyses; i.e., a synergistic effect is displayed. Initiation of the manganese-catalyzed oxidation in the absence of initially added manganese(III) is shown to be due to a trace impurity of ca. (1-2) x 10(-8) M iron(III). The SO3- radical is generated by the oxidation of sulfur(IV) by iron(III). In subsequent steps, manganese(II) is oxidized to manganese(III) by SO5- formed by oxidation of SO3 with dissolved oxygen. Computer simulation of the overall kinetics shows that an iron(III) concentration of 2 x 10(-8) M is indeed sufficient to initiate the manganese-catalyzed oxidation and explains the autocatalysis. At pH 4.0, the first-order rate constant is k(obsd) = (k[Mn(II)] + k[Mn(II)]2)/(A + [Mn(II)]). The quadratic manganese(II) term indicates formation of a sulfito-bridged manganese(II) complex, MnSO3Mn2+, which can also be attacked by manganese(III), forming SO3- radicals. Several discrepancies in previous literature may be explained by the reaction mechanism derived.
Kronecker Graphs: An Approach to Modeling Networks (2008)

How can we model networks with a mathematically tractable model that allows for rigorous analysis of network properties? Networks exhibit a long list of surprising properties: heavy tails for the degree distribution; small diameters; and densification and shrinking diameters over time. Most present network models either fail to match several of the above properties, are complicated to analyze mathematically, or both. In this paper we propose a generative model for networks that is both mathematically tractable and can generate networks that have the above mentioned properties. Our main idea is to use the Kronecker product to generate graphs that we refer to as "Kronecker graphs". First, we prove that Kronecker graphs naturally obey common network properties. We also provide empirical evidence showing that Kronecker graphs can effectively model the structure of real networks. We then present KronFit, a fast and scalable algorithm for fitting the Kronecker graph generation model to large real networks. A naive approach to fitting would take super- exponential time. In contrast, KronFit takes linear time, by exploiting the structure of Kronecker matrix multiplication and by using statistical simulation techniques. Experiments on large real and synthetic networks show that KronFit finds accurate parameters that indeed very well mimic the properties of target networks. Once fitted, the model parameters can be used to gain insights about the network structure, and the resulting synthetic graphs can be used for null- models, anonymization, extrapolations, and graph summarization.
Rare earth metal containing polymers. 3. Characterization of ion-containing polymer structures using rare earth metal fluorescence probes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRare earth metal containing polymers. 3. Characterization of ion-containing polymer structures using rare earth metal fluorescence probesY. Okamoto, Y. Ueba, N. F. Dzhanibekov, and E. BanksCite this: Macromolecules 1981, 14, 1, 17–22Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma50002a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma50002a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views804Altmetric-Citations133LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Protein kinase CK2 inhibitor 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) induces apoptosis and caspase-dependent degradation of haematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1) in Jurkat cells (2002)

Incubation of Jurkat cells with 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB), a specific inhibitor of protein kinase CK2, induces dose-and time-dependent apoptosis as judged by several criteria. TBB-promoted apoptosis is preceded by inhibition of Ser/Thr phosphorylation of haematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1) and is accompanied by caspase-dependent fragmentation of the same protein. Both effects are also observable if apoptosis is promoted by anti-Fas antibodies and by etoposide. Moreover, in vitro experiments show that HS1, once phosphorylated by CK2, becomes refractory to cleavage by caspase-3. These findings, in conjunction with similar data in the literature concerning two other CK2 protein substrates, Bid and Max, suggest that CK2 may play a general anti-apoptotic role through the generation of phosphorylated sites conferring resistance to caspase cleavage.
An Effective Face Recognition under Illumination and Pose Variations (2007)

Illumination and pose variations that occur on face images degrade the performance of face recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for handling illumination and pose variations for face recognition simultaneously. We use the two-dimensional view-based face recognition method and the shadow compensation method to deal with both variations. We construct a subspace for each pose and use the relationship between facial feature points to identify the poses. Since most human faces are similar in shape, we can find the shadow characteristics that the illumination variation makes on a face depending on the direction of light. By using these characteristics, we can compensate for illumination variation in face images. The proposed method is simple and requires much less computational effort than the other methods based on 3D models, and at the same time, provides a comparable recognition rate.
Graphite/polyimide composites with improved toughness (1989)

Abstract Studies were performed to determine the toughness characteristics of composites prepared from modified addition‐type polyimides, using Celion 6000 graphite fiber as the reinforcement. The polyimides were prepared from aromatic diamines containing flexibilizing ether connecting groups. The composite flexural and short beam shear strengths were determined at room temperature and elevated temperatures. Composite toughness was evaluated using 10° off axis tensile tests and double cantilever beam fracture tests at room temperature. The effects of the flexibilized resin structure on composite mechanical properties, toughness characteristics, and thermo‐oxidative stability are discussed.
Serum interleukin 6 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B. (1991)

Studies were undertaken to evaluate the role of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B. Using recently developed sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we determined serum levels of IL-6 in patients with chronic active hepatitis B (B-CAH), chronic persistent hepatitis B (B-CPH), and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Serum IL-6 activity tended to increase in patients with B-CAH (38.4 +/- 68.0 pg/ml) (+/- SD), compared with controls (9.7 +/- 6.8 pg/ml), although the difference was not significant because of the wide scatter in values. IL-6 levels in B-CPH and PBC were similar to those of controls. There was a significant correlation between the levels of IL-6 and aminotransferase in B-CAH. In addition, IL-6 activity was significantly enhanced during acute exacerbation of the illness, accompanied by clearance of HBeAg. Patients who received IFN-alpha and IL-2 therapy showed depressed IL-6 activity during treatment, and a rebound beyond pretreatment values after cessation of therapy. These findings suggest that IL-6 plays a role in the development of chronic hepatitis B, and it may contribute, at least in part, to the elimination of HB virus.
The application of transcranial magnetic stimulation in psychiatry and neurosciences research (2002)

TMS has a considerable role in neuropsychiatric research. It appears to have considerable potential as a therapeutic tool in depression, and perhaps a role in several other disorders, although widespread application requires larger trials and establishment of sustained response.
Physical Stabilization of the <i>β</i> → <i>γ</i> Transformation in Dicalcium Silicate (1992)

It has been shown that the monoclinic β ‐phase of dicalcium silicate (Ca 2 SiO 4 ) can be stabilized against transformation to the orthorhombic γ ‐phase by physical rather than chemical factors. Stabilization was studied in different types of microstructures fabricated under various processing conditions such as different powder or grain sizes, chemical additives, cooling kinetics, or high‐temperature annealing treatments. The observations can be explained in terms of a critical particle size effect controlling nucleation of the transformation. Rapid quenching through the high‐temperature hexagonal ( α ) to orthorhombic ( a′ H ) transformation at 1425°C, which is accompanied by a −4.7% volume decrease, causes periodic fracture of β ‐twins due to accumulated strains. Chemical doping with K 2 O or Al 2 O 3 promotes the formation of amorphous phases which mold themselves around β ‐Ca 2 SiO 4 grains. Annealing treatments cause crystallization of the glass and subsequent transformation to the γ ‐phase.
Gas‐Phase Photooxidation: Reactors and Materials (2015)

Abstract Photocatalytic vs. photosensitizing materials to be used for gas‐phase photooxidation and photooxygenation, respectively, are described. An overview is given on reactive oxygen species specific to photocatalysis and photosensitization as well as on various kinds of gas‐phase reactors and photocatalytic materials in order to illustrate the great number of possible configurations and conditions of use. Some efforts towards standardization of gas‐phase photocatalytic reactors devoted to indoor‐ or outdoor‐air treatment are mentioned. Examples for application of singlet oxygen in solvent‐free photooxygenation reaction of volatile sulfides are given together with the properties of silica‐based photosensitizing materials.
Chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (<scp>CIPN</scp>): what we need and what we know (2014)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is one of the most frequent and severe long-term side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Preclinical and clinical studies have extensively investigated CIPN searching for effective strategies to limit its severity or to treat CIPN-related impairment, but the results have been disappointing. Among the reasons for this failure are methodological flaws in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Their successful resolution might provide a brighter perspective for future studies. Among the several neurotoxic chemotherapy drugs, oxaliplatin may offer a clear example of a methodological approach eventually leading to successful clinical trials. However, the same considerations apply to the other neurotoxic agents and, although frequently neglected, also to the new "targeted" agents.
CuO Nanowires Can Be Synthesized by Heating Copper Substrates in Air (2002)

This paper describes a vapor-phase approach to the facial synthesis of cupric oxide (CuO) nanowires supported on the surfaces of various copper substrates that include grids, foils, and wires. A typical procedure simply involved the thermal oxidation of these substrates in air and within the temperature range from 400 to 700 °C. Electron microscopic studies indicated that these nanowires had a controllable diameter in the range of 30−100 nm with lengths of up to 15 μm by varying the temperature and growth time. Electron diffraction and high-resolution TEM studies implied that each CuO nanowire was a bicrystal divided by a (111) twin plane in its middle along the longitudinal axis. A possible mechanism was also proposed to account for the growth of these CuO nanowires.
Autonomously aided strapdown attitude reference system (1991)

The feasibility of an autonomously aided strapdown attitude reference system, based solely on the measurements of an orthogonal triad of rate gyros and conventional air data, is explored. The aiding is provided by the aerodynamic model of the aircraft and a reduced-order multirate extended Kalman filter (EKF). It is demonstrated that the EKF provides on-line attitude estimates with bounded errors not exceeding 0.5 deg at output rates on the order of 20 Hz. On-line simulation tests, incorporating low-cost rate gyros mounted on a high-precision three-axis flight table, validate the feasibility of the concept.
Wireless Industrial Monitoring and Control Using a Smart Sensor Platform (2007)

A wireless smart sensor platform (based on patent pending technologies, Ramamurthy ) targeted for instrumentation and predictive maintenance systems is presented. The generic smart sensor platform with "plug-and-play" capability supports hardware interface, payload and communications needs of multiple inertial and position sensors, and actuators, using a RF link (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or RFID) for communications, in a point-to-point topology. The design also provides means to update operating and monitoring parameters as well as sensor/RF link specific firmware modules "over-the-air." Sample implementations for industrial applications and system performance are discussed
PP.17.15 (2015)

Objective: Inter-arm blood pressure difference (IAD) is currently recognized as a marker of atherosclerosis and has been found to be associated with cardiovascular mortality. Its clinical significance and association with mortality in the elderly is not well defined. This study evaluated the association of IAD with mortality in a cohort of hospitalized elderly individuals. Design and method: Blood pressure (BP) was measured simultaneously in both arms in elderly individuals (above 65 years old) hospitalized in a geriatric ward in a tertiary care medical center from October 2012 to July 2014. Mortality data were retrieved for all participants from a national registry and the association between IAD and mortality was determined. Results: During the study period, 1891 individuals were hospitalized; 445 were recruited for this study. The average age of the patients was 85 ± 5 years, mostly female (244, 54.8%) and hypertensive (348, 78%). Systolic and diastolic IAD were >10 mmHg in 102 (22.9%) and 76 (17.1%) patients, respectively. Patients were followed for an average of 342 ± 201 days. During follow-up, 102 patients (22.9%) died. Mortality was not associated with systolic or diastolic IAD. Conclusions: Neither systolic nor diastolic IAD is associated with mortality in hospitalized elderly individuals. It is therefore questionable, whether BP should be routinely measured in both arms in the elderly.
Serotonin Release from Brain Slices by Electrical Stimulation: Regional Differences and Effect of LSD (1967)

Slices of rat brain which had accumulated tritiated serotonin either in vivo or in vitro were superfused and electrically stimulated. There occurred a marked release of the exogenous amine and, to a lesser extent, its deaminated metabolites, which varied with the region of brain tested and was inhibited by lysergic acid diethylamide.
Questioning Text Levels (2001)

This article raises questions about fine-gauged text levelling for measuring early reading outcomes. The article uses several theoretical tools to explore levelling. It suggests that fine-gauged text levelling for reporting literacy outcomes tends to focus on narrative texts and ignores information texts, everyday literacy texts and information and communication technology (ICT) texts. More research is needed to explore new, innovative texts that can support early reading development and increase children's textual dexterity which is the capacity to read and move between a range of different forms of texts for many purposes.