gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of apoptosis by human amylin in RINm5F islet β‐cells is associated with enhanced expression of p53 and p21<sup>WAF1/CIP1</sup> (1999)

Human amylin (10 microM) significantly inhibited RINm5F islet beta-cell proliferation and evoked apoptosis associated with typical degenerative ultrastructural changes and DNA fragmentation, whereas rat amylin did not. Time course analysis showed that human amylin elicited apoptosis in a passage-dependent manner. Expression of the apoptosis-related genes p53, bcl-2 and WAF1/CIP1 was examined using Northern blots. mRNAs corresponding to p53 and to p21WAF/CIP1 were remarkably increased following human amylin treatment, whereas no change in bcl-2 was detected. Our data suggest a role of p53 and p21 in human amylin-induced beta-cell apoptosis. Furthermore, cells with higher proliferative potential (lower passage) were found to be more susceptible to apoptosis and to induction of p53, suggesting that beta-cells with different proliferation rates respond differently to human amylin, and that human amylin may be more toxic to proliferating cells.
Bidirectional Path Setup Scheme Using on Upstream Label Set in Optical GMPLS Networks (2004)

SUMMARY Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) is being developed in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). In GMPLS-based wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) optical networks, a wavelength in a fiber is used as a label. In the existing GMPLS signaling protocol for bidirectional paths in WDM networks with the wavelength continuity constraint, bidirectional path setup fails with high probability because the upstream label allocated by the previous hop node may not be accepted at the transit node. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an efficient bidirectional label switched path (LSP) setup scheme based on an upstream label set. Called the Upstream Label Set (ULS) scheme, it is an extension of the existing GMPLS signaling protocol. The ULS scheme is consistent with the existing GMPLS signaling procedure and so offers backward compatibility. The numerical results suggest that when the number of the LSP setup retries is limited, the ULS scheme offers lower blocking probability than the existing GMPLS signaling scheme which uses only with the upstream label (UL). In addition, under the condition that the constraint of the number of LSP setup retries is relaxed, the LSP setup time of the ULS scheme is faster than that of the existing scheme. Furthermore, by using our developed prototype of the GMPLS control system, in which the ULS scheme was installed, we demonstrated that the ULS scheme successfully setup bidirectional LSPs.
A simple prosthesis for correction of cryptotia (1984)

Cryptotia, which is a rather common anomaly among Japanese, is found in one of about every 400 Japanese. We tried the prosthesis method and obtained good results, with 26 cases (31 auricles). The results obtained were good for 15 cases, fair in 10, and poor in 1. By this method, complete correction including that of the cartilage is possible for the patients up to 8 years old, and correction by extension of the skin is possible for older age groups. This method can be applied to patients 2 or 3 years old without limiting it to those of less than 1 year.
Induced production of anti-etanercept antibody in collagen-induced arthritis (2014)

Etanercept is a widespread biological drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, which inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Recently, the presence of antibodies targeting TNF-α inhibitors such as infliximab and adalimumab, was reported. However, few reports have studied etanercept in a mouse model of arthritis. We investigated the induction of anti-etanercept antibody production, along with the antibody's potential interfering effects on the biological function of etanercept, in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CIA mice received an intraperitoneal injection of etanercept (25, 100 or 400 µg per mouse). The degree of inflammation and cartilage erosion was evaluated, and the number of osteoclasts in the ankle joints was assessed by TRAP staining. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum was measured. To analyze the anti-osteoporotic effect of etanercept, microfocal computed tomography analyses of femurs and tibias were performed. Etanercept treatment decreased both the incidence and severity of arthritis in a dose-dependent manner, except for the highest dose of 400 µg. The mice that were treated with 25 and 100 µg etanercept showed an improvement in inflammation, cartilage damage, and even bone loss. However, mice treated with 400 µg etanercept showed no significant improvement in any of the tested parameters. Using a customized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the presence of the anti-etanercept antibody was detected in the serum in this treatment-refractory group. The therapeutic effect of etanercept was reduced in the CIA mice that developed the anti-etanercept antibody. In conclusion, the production of an anti-etanercept antibody can be induced in CIA mice, and this antibody can considerably reduce the anti-arthritic and anti-osteoporotic effects of etanercept.
Introduction (2013)

With intra-state conflict replacing inter-state conflict across the globe (Orchard, 2010: 38), “civilian-based civil wars” (Ferris, 2011) are exposing vulnerable populations to war crimes, ethnic cleansing and acts of genocide. The UN Secretary-General has highlighted the growing threats to women and children caught up in armed conflicts, as well as dangers faced by civilians forced to mix with combatants and armed elements in camps for refugees and the internally displaced. The vulnerability of civilians in conflict has been exacerbated by some governments’ reluctance to accept international assistance and the increasing number of attacks on humanitarian workers and UN staff (UNSG, 1999).
Concepts and problems (2006)

The concepts of equilibrium/nonequilibrium have been used differently by different authors, as will be shown in the following selected examples.
Asymmetrically Modified Silica Particles:  A Simple Particulate Surfactant for Stabilization of Oil Droplets in Water (2005)

Spherical silica particles that are able to assemble at a phase boundary of a dual-phase mixture of water and an immiscible organic solvent were prepared by a partial modification of their surface hydroxyl groups with an alkylsilylation agent. Scanning electron microscopic observation of these particles in which their remaining surface hydroxyl groups had been selectively modified with colloidal gold particles revealed that each particle has an asymmetric surface structure: one side of the surface is hydrophilic and the other is hydrophobic. We found that these particles could form a micellar structure in water in the presence of an organic solution of a toluene/polystyrene mixture. The micellar structure was evidenced by formation of golf-ball-like polystyrene particles with dimples imprinting morphologies of the hydrophobic part of modified silica particles.
Breaking the Biological Barriers to Cellulosic Ethanol: A Joint Research Agenda (2006)

The Biomass to Biofuels Workshop, held December 7–9, 2005, was convened by the Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the Office of Science; and the Office of the Biomass Program in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. The purpose was to define barriers and challenges to a rapid expansion of cellulosic-ethanol production and determine ways to speed solutions through concerted application of modern biology tools as part of a joint research agenda. Although the focus was ethanol, the science applies to additional fuels that include biodiesel and other bioproducts or coproducts having critical roles in any deployment scheme.
The role of the endoplasmic reticulum in antigen processing. N-glycosylation of influenza hemagglutinin abrogates CD4+ cytotoxic T cell recognition of endogenously processed antigen. (1990)

Evidence is presented for an endogenous route of Ag processing for CD4+ T cell recognition of influenza hemagglutinin that requires obligatory traffic of de novo synthesized hemagglutinin across the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum for processing in a cytosolic compartment. I-Ad-restricted T cell clones that recognize synthetic peptides corresponding to two distinct antigenic regions of the HA1 subunit, HA1 56-76 and HA1 177-199, are cytotoxic and, dependent on epitope specificity can recognize endogenously processed Ag and lyse class II+ target cells infected with a recombinant vaccinia-X31 HA virus. HA1 56-76 specific T cell clones fail to recognize (target cells infected with) influenza X31 viruses, containing a single residue change, HA1 63 Asp----Asn that introduces an oligosaccharide attachment site: Asp63Cys64Thr65. Recognition is restored, however, by tunicamycin treatment of mutant virus infected target cells. Inasmuch as N-glycosylation of nascent hemagglutinin polypeptides occurs in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, this indicates a route of endogenous processing for hemagglutinin, requiring transport across the endoplasmic reticulum, which has been confirmed by the failure of CD4+ T cells to recognize a recombinant VACC-hemagglutinin virus in which the same single residue change, HA1 63 Asp----Asn has been introduced by site directed mutagenesis.
A controllable flying vehicle with a single moving part (2016)

This paper presents the “monospinner”: a mechanically simple flying vehicle with only one moving part. The vehicle is shown to be controllable in three translational degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom. The vehicle has a single scalar control input, the thrust magnitude, and is controlled by a cascaded control strategy with an inner attitude controller and an outer position controller. The vehicle design is chosen based on two robustness metrics: the ability to maintain hover under perturbations and the probability of input saturation based on a stochastic model. The resulting mechanical and control designs are experimentally demonstrated, where it is also shown that the vehicle is sufficiently robust to achieve hover after being thrown into the air.
The diagnostic capability of x‐ray scattering parameters for the characterization of breast cancer (2010)

The discussed tests offered a means to quantitatively evaluate the performance of the suggested breast tissue x-ray scattering characterization parameters. The performance results are promising, indicating that the evaluated parameters would be considered a tool for fast, on spot probing of breast cancer in excised tissue samples.
Predicting the level of airgap eccentricity in operating three-phase induction motors, by Park's vector approach (2003)

The authors report on a study carried out to predict the level of airgap static eccentricity in operating three-phase induction motors by Park's vector approach. Two kinds of normalized severity factor are introduced, their values being calculated by means of postprocessing computational algorithms of the stator current Park's vector data. Experimental results demonstrate that strong eccentricity levels are easily predicted for different load values, either with a delta or a wye connection of machine stator windings.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Measurement of stress distribution of flexible wheels for lunar rover (2010)

Lunar rovers are required to move on rough terrains such as in craters and rear cliffs where it is scientifically very important to explore. Recently, wheel typed rovers are popular for planetary exploration missions. However, there is a problem that the wheel typed rovers have possibility of stack. Therefore, this paper investigates a mechanism of kinetic behavior between the wheels of the exploration rovers and soil. This paper proposed an flexible wheel to solve like that problems. The flexible wheel has the surface which can be changed flexibly toward rough terrain. Running experiments on loose soil which imitated regolith are carried out to observe the traversability of the flexible wheel using slip ratio and sinkage. Traversality of flexible wheel was better than the circular wheel. We believe that stress distribution is important. Therefore, we construct system to measure stress and get information of stress distribution of proposed flexible wheel.
Organized motion control of a lot of microorganisms using visual feedback (2006)

We propose a novel method to control a lot of microorganisms by using visual feedback for micro-robotic application. Our goal is to control a cluster of microorganisms as microscale smart robots for various applications, since microorganisms have efficient actuators and accurate sensors. Compared with single-cell level actuation methods proposed before, this method has the following advantages: (1) a cluster of microorganisms can cancel stochastic perturbations of behavior by taking the average; (2) a cluster of microorganisms can be more powerful than a single microorganism, and thus it can perform a variety of tasks. A visual feedback system is constructed to control cells using galvanotaxis (response to the electric field). Experimental results show the feasibility of visual feedback control of a paramecium cell cluster. In addition, micro-manipulation of small objects by the cell cluster is also demonstrated
A Minimax Approach for the Joint Design of Acoustic Crosstalk Cancellation Filters (2007)

This paper presents a method for jointly designing immersive audio rendering filters for a single listener using loudspeakers. The filters for crosstalk cancellation are assumed to have finite impulse responses and are designed using the minimax criterion. In addition to the traditional Atal-Schroeder crosstalk canceler structure, this paper explores an alternate topology that requires the approximation of a single filter. In general, the minimax approach provides improved low-frequency performance leading to a better overall separation of the direct-path and cross-path transfer functions than least-squares designs. The performance of the single-filter structure is better than that of the traditional crosstalk cancellation structure.
A linear 10 kV power amplifier for piezo actuators (2010)

Linear pulse amplifiers with current mode output are advantageous for driving high voltage capacitive loads like piezoelectric or electrorheological actuators. The new amplifier implements output voltages up to 10 kV with 2 kW peak power and 80 μs rise time. Low quiescent current of 0.6 mA minimizes static power losses. The structure consists of multiple stacked feedback loops in order to reach high transfer linearity and a symmetrical voltage division among the cascaded output power transistors. The linear approach eliminates the inherent ripple of switched mode power amplifiers and improves rise and fall times by at least one order of magnitude.
Tris(.eta.5-cyclopentadienyl)alkyl and -alkenyl compounds of thorium(IV) (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTris(.eta.5-cyclopentadienyl)alkyl and -alkenyl compounds of thorium(IV)Tobin J. Marks and William A. WachterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 3, 703–710Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00419a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00419a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views243Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Time Slices from Two-Dimensional Seismic Surveys: ABSTRACT (1988)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Simultaneous estimation of code and frequency of DS/SS signals of multiple-LEO-satellite communication systems (2002)

We consider a receiver with satellite diversity by using DS/SS signals from different LEO satellites. Since the signals from the different LEO satellites may have different frequency offsets due to the Doppler effect, we propose an acquisition scheme which can estimate the code timings and carrier frequencies of these signals at once. We evaluate the characteristics of the proposed scheme by the mean acquisition time.
On course (2012)

Having recently completed a certificate in equine dentistry, Sam Luis Hole attended BEVA's advanced dentistry course for veterinary surgeons, a two‐day course organised by Henry Tremaine and held at the University of Bristol. The course concluded on the third day with an international equine dentistry research forum, at which Sam presented some current research.
Molecular determinants of singlet oxygen binding by anthraquinones in relation to their redox cycling activity. (1991)

A series of model anthraquinones with varying symmetry of pi-electron density distribution have been examined to verify our previous hypothesis concerning the essential role of quinone-singlet oxygen complex formation by asymmetric anthraquinones in their peroxidating properties. Comparison of the results of enzymatic studies using NADH dehydrogenase with those of cyclovoltammetric measurements fully confirmed the assumption that one-electron transfer mediation is facilitated by the preceding quinone-oxygen complex formation. To extend the scope of the molecular determinants of oxygen binding found in our previous studies, CNDO/2 and molecular electrostatic field (MEF) calculations have been performed. It has been concluded that the analysis of molecular electrostatic field as well as the dipole moment components has to be taken into account to judge whether a mutual orientation of the quinone and oxygen molecule can be reached which enables binding to occur. The second important factor is the appropriate symmetry of the quinone outer filled orbitals which assures that binding is not forbidden by the Woodward-Hoffman rules. These characteristics also explain the lack of oxygen binding by some asymmetric anthraquinones. The efficient electron transfer mediation be anthraquinones requires, beside the formation of the intermediate quinone-oxygen complex, effective catalysis of this process by oxidoreductase enzyme. The results obtained with model anthraquinones indicated that compounds with more than one phenolic group and an unsubstituted quinone carbonyl are good NADH dehydrogenase substrates. Imino derivatives and compounds with a reduced number or without free phenolic groups exhibit low affinity towards the enzyme.
Upregulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 undergoing apoptosis induced by natural product anticancer drugs 10-hydroxycamptothecin and camptothecin through p53-dependent and independent pathways. (1998)

Recently, natural product DNA topoisomerase I inhibitors 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) and camptothecin (CPT) have been shown to have therapeutic effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of human breast cancer. In the present study, we characterized the in vitro and in vivo apoptotic pathways induced by HCPT and CPT in the human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468. Using various DNA fragmentation analyses and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, the apoptosis induced by HCPT and CPT was shown to be dose- and time-dependent. The MDA-MB-468 cells were more sensitive to both HCPT and CPT than MCF-7 cells. HCPT induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-468 cells more effectively than CPT; however, in MCF-7 cells, CPT was more effective than HCPT. The levels of p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 protein increased in MCF-7 cells treated with HCPT or CPT in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The levels of p21WAF1/CIP1 protein also increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner in MDA-MB-468 cells treated with HCPT or CPT, whereas the mutated p53 protein levels had no significant change. The elevation of p53 protein levels in MCF-7 cells treated with CPT was significantly inhibited by preincubation with DNA breaks inhibitor aphidicolin, while the elevation of p21WAF1/CIP1 protein levels was not inhibited. The elevation of p21WAF1/CIP1 in MDA-MB-468 cells treated with CPT was not inhibited by aphidicolin. Using Northern blot analysis, the transcription of p21WAF1/CIP1 was shown to increase in a dose-dependent manner in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells treated with HCPT or CPT. These results suggest that treatment with HCPT and CPT results in increased levels of p21WAF1/CIP1 protein and mRNA, and that they induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells through both p53-dependent and -independent pathways. These findings may be significant in further understanding the mechanisms of actions of camptothecins in the treatment of human cancers.
Design considerations for simple gas dosers in surface science applications (1985)

The flux distributions and enhancement factors for various gas doser designs typically used in surface science applications and chemisorption studies have been calculated and compared. The following conclusions, which will aid the experimentalist in the choice of doser design, can be made. (1) The enhancement factor expected for a given doser can easily be derived from Fig. 2. (2) The optimum doser design is a multichannel array with a radius slightly larger than that of the sample, and a distance from the sample &lt; 10% of the sample diameter. (Complications of this design are discussed.) (3) Because of space requirements, the sample–doser distance must sometime be ≥40% of the sample diameter, in which cases it is better to use a cosine emitter. A good, very simple doser design is described that consists of a small cosine emitter with a sample–doser distance of 1/2 the sample diameter. This provides an enhancement factor &gt;50% of the optimum theoretical enhancement, with only slight (±15%) flux gradients. (4) For a given doser distance, a needle doser provides the largest enhancement factor, but always has a very strong gradient in flux across the sample.