gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Injection of Highly Supersaturated Oxygen Solutions Without Nucleation (2002)

It is possible to inject highly supersaturated aqueous solutions of gas through a small capillary into an aqueous environment without the formation of significant gas bubbles. Such a technique has considerable potential therapeutic value in the treatment, for example, of heart attacks and strokes. The present paper is the second in a series (see Brereton et al. [1]) investigating the basic phenomenon behind this surprising effect. Recent experiments clearly demonstrate that the nucleation, when it does occur, results from heterogeneous nucleation on the interior surface of the distal end of the capillary. This paper describes the effects of the treatment of this interior surface on the nucleation processes and the results of high speed video observations of the phenomena. A heterogeneous nucleation model is presented which is in accord with the experimental observations.
An electrochromatography chip with integrated waveguides for UV absorbance detection (2008)

A silicon-based microchip for electrochromatographic separations is presented. Apart from a microfluidic network, the microchip has integrated UV-transparent waveguides for detection and integrated couplers for optical fibers on the chip, yielding the most complete chromatography microchip to date in terms of the integration of optical components. The microfluidic network and the optical components are fabricated in a single etching step in silicon and subsequently thermally oxidized. The separation column consists of a regular array of microfabricated solid support structures with a monolayer of an octylsilane covalently bonded to the surfaces to provide chromatographic interaction. The chip features a 1 mm long U-shaped detection cell and planar silicon dioxide waveguides that couple light to and from the detection cell. Microfabricated on-chip fiber couplers assure perfect alignment of optical fibers to the waveguides. The entire oxidized silicon microchip structure is sealed with a glass lid. Reversed phase electrochromatographic separation of three neutral compounds is demonstrated using UV absorbance detection at 254 nm. Baseline separation of the analytes is achieved in less than two minutes.
Antiinflammatory effects of seaprose-S on various inflammation models. (1999)

The antiinflammatory activity of seaprose-S in different experimental models involving different biochemical mediators of inflammation was investigated. In vivo experiments were performed using male Sprague-Dawley rats and in vitro experiments were performed using articular cartilage explants of pig joints. In acute experimental models of inflammation, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg of seaprose-S was injected intravenously (i.v.) before challenge with inflammatory agents. In adjuvant-induced arthritis, seaprose-S was given as a 2 mg/kg i.v. dose once a day for 4 consecutive days from day 8 after injection of the adjuvant. In cartilage-synovium cocultures, seaprose-S was incubated at a concentration of 0.001 microM and 0.05 microM. Paw volume was measured with a plethysmograph and proteoglycan synthesis was determined in articular cartilage-synovium coculture by incorporation of 35S-sulfate. Seaprose-S inhibited inflammation dose-dependently in carrageenan, concanavalin-A, FeCl2, nystatin-induced paw edema and in carrageenan-induced pleurisy and acetic acid-induced peritonitis. In Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis, seaprose-S significantly reduced the primary and secondary lesions. In vitro on articular cartilage, seaprose-S increased proteoglycan synthesis in the cartilage alone and reduced the inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis in the cartilage cocultured with minced synovium.
Kinetics and mechanisms of thermal imidization of a polyamic acid studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanisms of thermal imidization of a polyamic acid studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopyEumi Pyun, Richard J. Mathisen, and Chong Sook Paik SungCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 3, 1174–1183Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00193a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00193a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1503Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards a monolithically integrated III–V laser on silicon: optimization of multi-quantum well growth on InP on Si (2013)

High-quality InGaAsP/InP multi-quantum wells (MQWs) on the isolated areas of indium phosphide on silicon necessary for realizing a monolithically integrated silicon laser is achieved. Indium phosph ...
Optical-fiber resonant rings based on polarization-dependent couplers (1990)

A theoretical and experimental analysis has been carried out on optical-fiber resonant rings based on polarization-dependent couplers. The analysis includes the use of optical-fiber polarization splitters and polarization-preserving fiber as particular cases. Two resonant configurations are presented and their sensor applications discussed. The changes of polarizations that take place in the ring are used as an effective distributed coupling which in one configuration feeds power into a resonance, and in the other introduces a variable attenuation, changing the effective losses of the resonant mode. The experimental characteristics of the system enable detection of small polarization changes. The experimental characteristics of a resonant ring about 2.5-m long and a polarization-selecting coupler are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Community dynamics drive punctuated engraftment of the fecal microbiome following transplantation using freeze-dried, encapsulated fecal microbiota (2017)

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a highly effective treatment of recurrent and recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection (rCDI). In a recent study oral-delivery of encapsulated, freeze-dried donor material, resulted in comparable rates of cure to colonoscopic approaches. Here we characterize shifts in the fecal bacterial community structure of patients treated for rCDI using encapsulated donor material. Prior to FMT, patient fecal samples showed declines in diversity and abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, with concurrent increases in members of the Proteobacteria, specifically Enterobacteriaceae. Moreover, patients who experienced recurrence of CDI within the 2-month clinical follow-up had greater abundances of Enterobacteriaceae and did not show resolution of dysbioses. Despite resolution of rCDI following oral-administration of encapsulated fecal microbiota, community composition was slow to return to a normal donor-like assemblage. Post-FMT taxa within the Firmicutes showed rapid increases in relative abundance and did not vary significantly over time. Conversely, Bacteroidetes taxa only showed significant increases in abundance after one month post-FMT, corresponding to significant increases in the community attributable to the donors. Changes in the associations among dominant OTUs were observed at days, weeks, and months post-FMT, suggesting shifts in community dynamics may be related to the timing of increases in abundance of specific taxa. Administration of encapsulated, freeze-dried, fecal microbiota to rCDI patients resulted in restoration of bacterial diversity and resolution of dysbiosis. However, shifts in the fecal microbiome were incremental rather than immediate, and may be driven by changes in community dynamics reflecting changes in the host environment.
ARHGEF9 disruption in a female patient is associated with X linked mental retardation and sensory hyperarousal (2007)

ARHGEF9 encodes a RhoGEF family protein: collybistin (hPEM), which is highly expressed in the developing and adult brain. Collybistin can regulate actin cytoskeletal dynamics and may also modulate GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmission through binding of a scaffolding protein, gephyrin, at the synapse. This potential dual role may explain both the mental retardation and hyperarousal observed in our patient. While ARHGEF9 appears to be an uncommon cause of mental retardation in males, it should be considered in patients with mental retardation and sensory hyperarousal.
Expression of a Dominant Negative Mutant of Interleukin-1β Converting Enzyme in Transgenic Mice Prevents Neuronal Cell Death Induced by Trophic Factor Withdrawal and Ischemic Brain Injury (1997)

To explore the role of the interleukin (IL)-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE) in neuronal apoptosis, we designed a mutant ICE gene (C285G) that acts as a dominant negative ICE inhibitor. Microinjection of the mutant ICE gene into embryonal chicken dorsal root ganglial neurons inhibits trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis. Transgenic mice expressing the fused mutant ICE-lacZ gene under the control of the neuron specific enolase promoter appeared neurologically normal. These mice are deficient in processing pro-IL-1 beta, indicating that mutant ICEC285G blocks ICE function. Dorsal root ganglial neurons isolated from transgenic mice were resistant to trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis. In addition, the neurons isolated from newborn ICE knockout mice are similarly resistant to trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis. After permanent focal ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion, the mutant ICEC285G transgenic mice show significantly reduced brain injury as well as less behavioral deficits when compared to the wild-type controls. Since ICE is the only enzyme with IL-1 beta convertase activity in mice, our data indicates that the mutant ICEC285G inhibits ICE, and hence mature IL-1 beta production, and through this mechanism, at least in part, inhibits apoptosis. Our data suggest that genetic manipulation using ICE family dominant negative inhibitors can ameliorate the extent of ischemia-induced brain injury and preserve neurological function.
A reconfigurable digital IC tester implemented using the ARM Integrator rapid prototyping system (2004)

We describe the implementation of a low-cost, highly-reconfigurable digital integrated circuit (IC) tester using the ARM Integrator ARM7TDMI/sup /spl reg//-based rapid prototyping system (RPS). The IC tester is controlled through a user interface application that runs on the RPS personal computer (PC) host. Test vectors and expected response vectors are developed off-line and then downloaded via the PC into the tester's pattern memory, which; is implemented in the RPS's SDRAM. The test vectors are then applied at up to 20 MHz to the inputs of the device under test (DUT) using no-return-to-zero (NRZ) formatting; meanwhile, the DUT output signals are sampled mid-cycle and the resulting actual response vectors are compared against stored-expected responses to determine if the DUT is functioning properly. A Xilinx Virtex-E field-programmable gate array (FPGA) in the RPS is used to implement the pipeline that demultiplexes and formats the test vectors, compares actual and expected response vectors, and collects failure statistics. The FPGA is also used to implement the expected response memory. When the test has finished, the actual responses and comparison results can be uploaded from the FPGA RAM to the PC and stored in a text file.
Metabonomics Approach to Understanding Acute and Chronic Stress in Rat Models (2009)

The effects of acute and chronic stress on the production of systemic metabolites were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Metabolites excreted in urine were analyzed using GC/MS in conjunction with multivariate and univariate statistical techniques. SD rats were subjected to two kinds of acute stress and chronic unpredictable mild stress, respectively. Metabolic analysis demonstrated that urinary expression of a number of metabolites including glutamate, glutamine, homovanillate, proline, succinate, citrate, and tyrosine altered in the acute stress model in the same way as in the chronic model, while pimelate and hippurate changed in the opposite trend. The results suggested that the stress induced metabolic perturbations were reversible and nonspecific. Metabolic response to chronic combined stress revealed biochemical clues to depression-like symptoms validated by behavior and physiologic results. This study provides a noninvasive and dynamic analytical strategy for the characterization of endogenous metabolic perturbations induced by external stress.
Legal Future Shock: The Role of Larger Law Firms by the End of the Century (1989)

This article considers the impact that the growth of large law firms, located essentially in our major metropolitan areas, will have on the delivery of legal services in the remaining years of this century.The Chief Justice was quite correct in his dedicatory address last year that the growth of large law firms deserves academic review and empirical evaluation.A law school curriculum must be designed to respond to tomorrow's needs, not yesterday's.My perspective is that in the last quarter of this century, the practice of law will undergo the most radical restructuring in its history.Therefore, it is imperative for academics and leaders in the Bar to make sure that we are training law students in a way that will provide the skills necessary to meet the new challenges of their profession.I might say, parenthetically, that although the academic evaluation of this phenomenon might have been slighted, there is no lack of attention in the more popular literature.The Legal Times, The American Lawyer, The National Law Review, and bar associations all devote a great amount of attention to this matter; in this forum the issue has been vigorously and often thoughtfully discussed and debated.And a new growth industry has emerged in the law-consulting firms which help firms plan for their future growth and the expansion of their business.Nevertheless, the information and data collected here within an academic forum will be, I believe, of significant benefit to all in the profession who are looking at this issue seriously.This article discusses the characteristics of the large law firm and the delivery of legal services in the remaining decade-plus of this century.Trying to understand those potential changes is, I believe, the most important function that law firm leadership can undertake.For me, the central, eternal verity is that successful law firms in 1995 will not be practicing law in the same way that successful law firms practiced in 1980, and certainly not as they did in 1970.Unless one tries to understand the evolution of the market and the new demands for legal services, a lawyer and his partners simply are going to be left behind.
Effects of the structures of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP) on the ligand-binding activity of the EcR/USP heterodimer (2007)

N-tert-Butyl-N,N '-diacylhydrazine (DAH) analogs are nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists. The binding activity of DAH analogs to the heterodimer of the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP) is diverse among insect species, which is probably the main factor causing their selective toxicity. We prepared EcR and USP proteins from lepidopteran Chilo suppressalis, dipteran Drosophila melanogaster and coleopteran Leptinotarsa decemlineata, and measured the binding activity of ecdysone agonists against various hybrid EcR/USP heterodimers. There was a linear relationship between binding activities (pIC50 values) before and after replacing native USP with that derived from other insects, suggesting that the selective toxicity of DAH analogs is mainly dependent on the EcR structure and not the USP structure.
The second derivative method of gravity interpretation (1951)

Abstract The second derivative method of interpreting gravity data, although its use is justifiable only on data of high accuracy, offers a simple routine method of locating some types of geologic anomalies of importance in oil and mineral reconnaissance. The theoretical formula by which it is possible to compute the second (vertical) derivative of any harmonic function from its values in a horizontal plane is derived for both the two-dimensional and the three-dimensional cases. The graphical method of computing the second derivative is discussed, especially as to the sources of error. A numerical coefficient equivalent of the graphical method is also presented.Formulas and graphs for the second derivative of the gravity effect of such geometrically simple shapes as the sphere, the infinite horizontal cylinder, the semi-infinite horizontal plane, and the vertical fault, are presented with discussions of their value in the interpretation of practical data. Finally, the gravity and second derivative maps of portions of some important oil provinces are presented and compared to show the higher resolving power of the second derivative.
Effective computing with clusters. (1988)

Fox Chase Cancer Center has adopted the "cluster concept" of networking to avoid redundancy and loss of computing time. In this manner, transfer of clinical and research data is easily accomplished.
Mutual Coupling Calibration for Microstrip Antenna Arrays via Element Pattern Reconstruction Method (2014)

The element pattern reconstruction method is introduced to calibrate the mutual coupling effect of the microstrip arrays. This method is based on the fact that if the reconstructed pattern of the embedded element is consistent with that in the isolated state, then the corresponding calibrated received signal will be consistent with the received signal without mutual coupling effect. The calibration matrix is developed and is employed in the microstrip array to reconstruct the element patterns and in the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimations. The new method has a wide adaptability for element structures and is very effective for the microstrip antenna array. Effectiveness of the new method is verified by the numerical examples.
Dietary supplementation with long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids attenuates obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and increases expression of PPAR gamma in adipose tissue in type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice (2013)

The objective of present study was to examine the effect of long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LC-MUFAs) with chain lengths longer than 18 (i.e., C20:1 and C22:1 isomers combined) on obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and its molecular mechanisms. Type-2 diabetic KK-Ay mice (n = 20) were randomly assigned to the 7% soybean oil-diet group (control group) and 4% LC-MUFA concentrate-supplemented-diet group (LC-MUFA group). At 8 weeks on the diet, the results showed that plasma, liver and adipose tissue levels of C20:1 and C22:1 isomers increased significantly with LC-MUFA treatment. Supplementation with LC-MUFAs markedly reduced white fat pad weight as well as adipocyte size in the mice. The levels of plasma free fatty acids, insulin, and leptin concentration in the obese diabetic mice of the LC-MUFA group were also decreased as compared with the mice in the soybean oil-diet control group. Dietary LC-MUFAs significantly increased the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg), lipoprotein lipase (Lpl), fatty acid transport protein (Fatp), fatty acid translocase/CD36 (Cd36), as well as mRNA expression of genes involved in lipid oxidation such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A (Cpt1a) and citrate synthase (Cs), and decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory marker serum amyloid A 3 (Saa3) in the adipose tissues of diabetic mice. The results suggest that LC-MUFAs may ameliorate obesity-related metabolic dysfunction partly through increased expression of Pparg as well as its target genes, and decreased inflammatory marker expression in white adipose tissue.
Prediction of H1B Visa Using Machine Learning Algorithms (2018)

The H1 B visa is the most demanded visa world-wide. The H1 B visa applications are very heavily varied across many fields i.e. job, job title, year of petition, accountable wages, city of work etc. The purpose of this research is to estimate the likelihood of visa approval on the basis of metadata provided. We shall consider all aspects by which the petition may be approved or otherwise, strictly working on the data provided in the application. The designed classifier in the after mentioned report serves a dual purpose of H1B applicants and hopeful employers to measure the probability of getting certified prior to and after applying the petition.
Just fast keying (2004)

We describe Just Fast Keying (JFK), a new key-exchange protocol, primarily designed for use in the IP security architecture. It is simple, efficient, and secure; we sketch a proof of the latter property. JFK also has a number of novel engineering parameters that permit a variety of tradeoffs, most notably the ability to balance the need for perfect forward secrecy against susceptibility to denial-of-service attacks.
A dodecamer of globin chains is the principal functional subunit of the extracellular hemoglobin of Lumbricus terrestris (1991)

Repeated dissociation of the approximately 3600-kDa hexagonal bilayer extracellular hemoglobin of Lumbricus terrestris in 4 M urea followed by gel filtration at neutral pH produces a subunit that retains the oxygen affinity of the native molecule (approximately 12 torr), but only two-thirds of the cooperativity (nmax = 2.1 +/- 0.2 versus 3.3 +/- 0.3). The mass of this subunit was estimated to be 202 +/- 15 kDa by gel filtration and 202 +/- 26 kDa from mass measurements of unstained freeze-dried specimens by scanning transmission electron microscopy. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of this subunit showed that it consists predominantly of the heme-containing subunits M (chain I, 17 kDa) and T (disulfide-bonded chains II-IV, 50 kDa). Mixing of subunits M and T isolated concurrently with the 200-kDa subunit resulted in partial association into particles that had a mass of 191 +/- 13 kDa determined by gel filtration and 200 +/- 38 kDa determined by scanning transmission electron microscopy and whose oxygen affinity and cooperativity were the same as those of the 200-kDa subunit. The results imply that the 200-kDa subunit is a dodecamer of globin chains, consisting of three copies each of subunits M and T (3 x chains (I + II + III + IV], in good agreement with the mass of 209 kDa calculated from the amino acid sequences of the four chains, and represents the largest functional subunit of Lumbricus hemoglobin. Twelve copies of this subunit would account for two-thirds of the total mass of the molecule, as suggested earlier (Vinogradov, S. N., Lugo, S. L., Mainwaring, M. G., Kapp, O. H., and Crewe, A. V. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83, 8034-8038). The retention of only partial cooperativity by the 200-kDa subunit implies that full cooperativity is dependent on the presence of a complete hexagonal bilayer structure, wherein 12 200-kDa subunits are linked together by approximately 30-kDa heme-deficient chains.