gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Steel/Epoxy Adhesion Durability Using Polymeric Coupling Agents. II. Factors Affecting Adhesion Durability (1988)

Abstract Ethylene mercaptoester (EME) copolymers containing 23–90 wt% mercaptoester units were employed separately as coupling agents in steel/epoxy peel adhesion systems. As coupling agent functionality is increased the initial adhesion strength of, the steel/EME/epoxy peel systems also increased, approaching a ten-fold improvement over controls for the EME 90 coupling agent. However, the degree of corrosion protection decreased significantly with increasing concentration of mercaptoester units. The best corrosion protection was obtained with the EME 23/epoxy resin system which protected the steel adherend for an average of 48 hours in 57°C water baths. Regardless of the coupling agent used, all of the peel specimens exhibited poor adhesion after 5–11 hours exposure to hot water. Information from hydrolysis stability, water absorption, locus of failure and internal stress analyses when pooled show that the observed adhesion loss is attributable to the effect of water on the epoxy resin used; failure occurred within the epoxy.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in Coordinated Direct and Relay Transmission (2015)

In this work, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in coordinated direct and relay transmission (CDRT) is introduced, where a base station (BS) directly communicates with user equipment 1 (UE1) while communicating with user equipment 2 (UE2) only through a relay. The main challenge of nonorthogonal CDRT can be solved by using the inherent property of NOMA that allows a receiver to obtain side information such as other TIE's data for interference cancellation. Analytical expressions for outage probability and ergodic sum capacity are provided. It is shown that the proposed NOMA in CDRT provides remarkable performance gain compared with NOMA in non-coordinated direct and relay transmission (nCDRT); the sum capacity scaling of the proposed scheme is log ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> as signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> increases, but 1/2log ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> for NOMA in nCDRT. Exact and closed-form expressions for outage probability of each stream for UE1 and UE2 are respectively derived, and it is shown that the achievable diversity orders for each stream are same as one.
A fuzzy competence requirement (FCR) model for competitive bidding strategy (2010)

Purpose The “multi‐criteria selection” has become popular practice in selecting contractors, especially for public works, which involve multiple stakeholders. In line with this development, contractors need to consider more factors apart from offering a lower bidding price in formulating a bidding strategy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a quantitative method, namely the fuzzy competence requirement (FCR) model, for assisting a contractor to formulate a better bidding strategy by better utilising its competence for meeting the best multiple criteria imposed by clients. Design/methodology/approach The fuzzy linear programming with multiple objectives technique is applied in this paper and an illustrative example is introduced to demonstrate the application of the proposed model. Findings The FCR model can assist in generating a range of bidding strategies by assuming different confidence levels that contractors may perceive. These strategies could be valuable references for contractors to develop their competitive bidding strategy, which enables contractors to efficiently utilise their competence to meet clients' multiple selection criteria. Research limitations/implications The FCR model can provide contractors with useful information for formulating their bidding strategy. However, other factors, such as the sense of the market and estimation of rivals' bidding strategy, should also be considered in the bidding decision. Practical implications The FCR model can help contractors make better decisions in bidding by considering their competence and meeting client's multiple criteria. Originality/value This paper introduces a new model – FCR model – for helping contractors improve the efficiency of their bidding decision.
Alstrom Syndrome: Genetics and Clinical Overview (2011)

Alström syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by cone-rod dystrophy, hearing loss, childhood truncal obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, short stature in adulthood, cardiomyopathy, and progressive pulmonary, hepatic, and renal dysfunction. Symptoms first appear in infancy and progressive development of multi-organ pathology leads to a reduced life expectancy. Variability in age of onset and severity of clinical symptoms, even within families, is likely due to genetic background.Alström syndrome is caused by mutations in ALMS1, a large gene comprised of 23 exons and coding for a protein of 4,169 amino acids. In general, ALMS1 gene defects include insertions, deletions, and nonsense mutations leading to protein truncations and found primarily in exons 8, 10 and 16. Multiple alternate splice forms exist. ALMS1 protein is found in centrosomes, basal bodies, and cytosol of all tissues affected by the disease. The identification of ALMS1 as a ciliary protein explains the range of observed phenotypes and their similarity to those of other ciliopathies such as Bardet-Biedl syndrome.Studies involving murine and cellular models of Alström syndrome have provided insight into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying obesity and type 2 diabetes, and other clinical problems. Ultimately, research into the pathogenesis of Alström syndrome should lead to better management and treatments for individuals, and have potentially important ramifications for other rare ciliopathies, as well as more common causes of obesity and diabetes, and other conditions common in the general population.
Thermodynamic phase diagram of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Fe</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Se</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Te</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>single crystals in fields up to 28 tesla (2010)

We report on specific heat $({C}_{p})$, transport, Hall probe, and penetration depth measurements performed on $\text{Fe}({\text{Se}}_{0.5}{\text{Te}}_{0.5})$ single crystals $({T}_{c}\ensuremath{\sim}14\text{ }\text{K})$. The thermodynamic upper critical field ${H}_{c2}$ lines has been deduced from ${C}_{p}$ measurements up to 28 T for both $H\ensuremath{\parallel}c$ and $H\ensuremath{\parallel}ab$, and compared to the lines deduced from transport measurements (up to 55 T in pulsed magnetic fields). We show that this thermodynamic ${H}_{c2}$ line presents a very strong downward curvature for $T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{T}_{c}$ which is not visible in transport measurements. This temperature dependence associated to an upward curvature of the field dependence of the Sommerfeld coefficient confirms that ${H}_{c2}$ is limited by paramagnetic effects. Surprisingly this paramagnetic limit is visible here up to $T/{T}_{c}\ensuremath{\sim}0.99$ (for $H\ensuremath{\parallel}ab$) which is the consequence of a very small value of the coherence length ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{c}(0)\ensuremath{\sim}4\text{ }\text{\AA{}}$ [and ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{ab}(0)\ensuremath{\sim}15\text{ }\text{\AA{}}$], confirming the strong renormalization of the effective mass (as compared to DMFT calculations) previously observed in ARPES measurements [A. Tamai, A. Y. Ganin, E. Rozbicki, J. Bacsa, W. Meevasana, P. D. C. King, M. Caffio, R. Schaub, S. Margadonna, K. Prassides, M. J. Rosseinsky, and F. Baumberger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 097002 (2010)]. ${H}_{c1}$ measurements lead to ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{ab}(0)=430\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}50\text{ }\text{nm}$ and ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{c}(0)=1600\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}200\text{ }\text{nm}$ and the corresponding anisotropy is approximatively temperature independent $(\ensuremath{\sim}4)$, being close to the anisotropy of ${H}_{c2}$ for $T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{T}_{c}$. The temperature dependence of both $\ensuremath{\lambda}(\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{2})$ and the electronic contribution to the specific heat confirm the nonconventional coupling mechanism in this system.
Identification and elimination by site-directed mutagenesis of thermolabile aspartyl bonds in <i>Aspergillus awamori</i> glucoamylase (1995)

Both native Aspergillus niger glucoamylase and wild-type Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which have identical primary structures, undergo hydrolysis at aspartyl bonds at low pH values and elevated temperatures. In native A.niger enzyme the Asp126-Gly127 bond was preferentially cleaved at pH 3.5, while at pH 4.5 cleavage of the Asp257-Pro258 and Asp293-Gly294 bonds was dominant. In wild-type A.awamori glucoamylase, cleavage of the latter was dominant at both pH 3.5 and 4.5. Site-directed mutations Asp126-->Glu and Gly127-->Ala in wild-type enzyme decreased specific activities by approximately 60 and 30%, respectively, and increased irreversible thermoinactivation rates 3- to 4-fold at pH 4.5. Replacement of Asp257 with Glu and Asp293 with Glu or Gln decreased specific activities by approximately 20%, but greatly reduced cleavage of the Asp257-Pro258 and Asp293-Gly294 bonds. The Asp257-->Glu mutant was produced very slowly and was more thermostable than wild-type glucoamylase at pH 4.5 up to 70 degrees C. Replacement of Asp293 with either Glu or Gln significantly raised protein production and slightly increased thermostability at pH 3.5 and 4.5, but not at pH 5.5.
BRAF and KRAS mutations in colorectal hyperplastic polyps and serrated adenomas. (2003)

Colorectal cancer is believed to progress through an adenoma-carcinoma sequence. However, recent evidence increasingly supports the existence of an alternative route for colorectal carcinogenesis through serrated polyps, a group that encompasses a morphological spectrum, including hyperplastic polyp (HP), admixed hyperplastic polyp/adenoma (HP/AD), and serrated adenoma (SA; the latter two manifest epithelial dysplasia). We have studied a large series of serrated polyps for BRAF and KRAS mutations. BRAF mutations were detected in 18 of 50 (36%) HPs, 2 of 10 (20%) HP/ADs, and 9 of 9 (100%) SAs. Twenty-six of 29 mutations caused amino acid substitutions at valine 599, the known hotspot. KRAS mutations were detected in 9 of 50 (18%) HPs, 6 of 10 (60%) HP/ADs, and 0 of 9 (0%) SAs. BRAF and KRAS mutations are mutually exclusive (P = 0.001). The associations of BRAF mutations with SAs (P < 0.001) and KRAS mutations with HP/ADs (P = 0.005) are statistically significant. A majority (90%) of the serrated polyps showing dysplasia had mutations in either BRAF or KRAS, significantly different from those without dysplasia (54%; P = 0.014). Our data highlight the important role of activation of the RAS-RAF-mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in the initiation and progression of serrated neoplasms. Acquisition of a BRAF mutation appears to be associated with the progression of HP to SA, whereas progression to HP/AD is predominantly associated with acquisition of a KRAS mutation. The high incidence of BRAF mutations in HPs and SAs is consistent with the notion that the group of colorectal cancers carrying BRAF mutations may harbor most that have progressed through the HP-SA-carcinoma pathway.
Dynamic pressures on accelerated fluid containers (1957)

Abstract An analysis is presented of the hydrodynamic pressures developed when a fluid container is subjected to horizontal accelerations. Simplified formulas are given for containers having twofold symmetry, for dams with sloping faces, and for flexible retaining walls. The analysis includes both impulsive and convective fluid pressures.
Winesburg, Indiana: Triple Crown (2010)

She says it's like pulling teeth to get your kids to talk with you. Well, I've never believed that, not even before I got the new job. Maybe I'm lucky, but Jerrod and Jenny have always talked. Sometimes too much, yet I can't complain since they inherited blabbing from their mother. Life is good at home, not ideal, but pretty good. We converse over dinner every night. We watch a little TV after their homework. On weekends we take little trips.
East of Eden (1972)

Steinbeck’s use of Old Testament material in East of Eden (1952) is very different from that in To A God Unknown (1933). As outlined in a previous article, Steinbeck was there qualifying the status of his protagonist, Joseph Wayne, by a number of literary means. But the most powerful qualifier of Joseph Wayne as prophet and saviour of his people is the manner in which Steinbeck contrives to keep the closely parallel story of the Joseph of Genesis ever-present throughout To A God Unknown . In East of Eden Steinbeck again, and indeed more obviously, makes use of Old Testament sources. But the Old Testament Cain and Abel do not loom reproachfully behind mere human characters in the book: when considered at all, they are considered explicitly and rationally in discussion, and in another sense the whole novel is clearly devoted to re-enactments of the episode and discussions of its significance. Steinbeck sums up the centrality of the story in Journal of a Novel (1970), written during the composition of the first draft of East of Eden: its framework roots from that powerful, profound and perplexing story in Genesis of Cain and Abel... this story with its implications has made a deeper mark in people than any other save possibly the story of the Tree of Life and original sin (90). It is using the biblical story as a measure of ourselves (105). However, Steinbeck’s adaptation of Genesis 4, 1-16 carefully excludes consideration of God, to whom, in Genesis, Cain and Abel offer their gifts. The blatant Cain-Abel correspondences in the novel are Charles and Adam Trask, and the twin boys Caleb and Aron Trask, ostensibly Adam’s sons, but, it transpires, probably like all of us sons of Cain, that is, of Charles.
A Microfabricated Ion Trap for Microwave Induced Ion Interactions [PowerPoint] (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Exploring electronic devices (1991)

Coexisting ACM is associated with undesirable survival outcomes in patients with LC. These findings could help us to better understand the cardiac burden in these patients and provide additional risk stratification for them.
Fecal microbiota transplantation through mid‐gut for refractory <scp>C</scp>rohn's disease: Safety, feasibility, and efficacy trial results (2014)

This is a pilot study with the largest sample of patients with refractory CD who underwent single FMT. The results demonstrated that FMT through mid-gut might be a safe, feasible, and efficient rescue therapy for refractory CD.
Decreased expression of interleukin‑37 and its anti‑inflammatory effect in allergic rhinitis (2017)

Interleukin‑37 (IL‑37), a novel member of the IL‑1 cytokine family has been identified as a natural suppressor of innate immunity and inflammatory responses. The present study aimed to determine the expression of IL‑37 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and examine the possible immunosuppressive effect of IL‑37 on inflammatory mediators and CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of AR. The expression levels of IL‑37 were determined in PBMCs from 39 patients with AR and 43 controls using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) analysis and flow cytometry. Cytokines in the supernatants of the PBMCs and CD4+ T cells, which were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in the presence or absence of IL‑37, were assayed using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays and RT‑qPCR analysis. The results showed that the patients with AR exhibited significantly decreased expression of IL‑37, and increased expression levels of interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 in PBMCs. Recombinant IL‑37 (rIL‑37) inhibited the production of IL‑1p and IL‑6, and enhanced the production of IL‑27 in PBMCs from the patients with AR and the control individuals. rIL‑37 also markedly decreased the expression of IL‑17 by CD4+ T cells in the patients with AR and controls. These results suggested that IL‑37 may be an important cytokine in the pathogenesis of AR. It may have a protective role in AR by inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines and through suppressive regulation of the Th17 response.
Percussion Ensembles in Schools: A World Music Approach (1984)

World Music offers Australian music students a refreshing change from traditional Western rhythmic ensemble teaching, fostering their musical abilities through newer music experiences. The article demonstrates the work of the Queensland Conservatorium of Music and its successful incorporation of tribal music from the Philippines and Bali into music teaching. Students create their own music based on the different tribal, folk and popular musical ensembles available through World Music.
Beamforming vs. transmit diversity in the downlink of a cellular communications system (2001)

Transmit diversity and beamforming are two complementary techniques for using multiple antennas in the forward link of a cellular communication system. The first provides the benefit of diversity with no array gain, while the second provides array gain, but no diversity. We present a comparative analysis of the two systems, using outage capacity as the performance measure. The effects of handoff and correlated fading are considered.
Photochemical Generation of Gold Nanoparticles in Langmuir−Blodgett Films (1998)

Gold nanoparticles were generated by ultraviolet irradiation of Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) films of octadecylamine (ODA), 4-hexadecylaniline (HDA), and benzyldimethylstearylammonium chloride monohydrate (BDSAC) deposited from aqueous HAuCl4 subphases. In contrast, no gold crystals were observed in irradiated LB films prepared from monolayers of dipalmitoyl-dl-α-phosphatidyl-l-serine (DPPS) and dipalmitoyl-l-α-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC). X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV−visible absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy measurements indicated the marked influence of the surfactants used to prepare the LB matrix on the shape of the gold particles. Particles formed in ODA and BDSAC LB films were grown with well-defined crystal faces, while particles generated in HDA LB films were irregular in shape.
A clinical trial of FK 506 as primary and rescue immunosuppression in cardiac transplantation. (1991)

In concert with the adult trial of FK 506 begun in October 1989 at Presbyterian University Hospital, a similar trial to investigate the use of FK 506 as both primary and rescue immunotherapy was initiated in the pediatric population at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh. In a prospective clinical trial 19 pediatric patients have undergone orthotopic cardiac transplantation with FK 506 and low-dose steroids as primary immunosuppression. Encouraging results have also been obtained in four children with refractory cardiac rejection who have undergone rescue therapy with FK 506.
Transient protein-protein interface prediction: datasets, features, algorithms, and the RAD-T predictor (2014)

Current methods of evaluating machine-learning based PPI predictors tend to undervalue their performance, which may be artificially decreased by the presence of un-identified interaction sites. Changes to predictors' training sets will be integral to the future progress of interface prediction by machine learning methods. We reveal the need for a larger test set of well studied proteins or domain-specific scoring algorithms to compensate for poor interaction site identification on proteins in general.
Poster: Probabilistic Routing in Intermittently Connected Networks (2003)

We consider the problem of routing in intermittently connected networks. In such networks there is no guarantee that a fully connected path between source and destination exist at any time, rendering traditional routing protocols unable to deliver messages between hosts. We propose a probabilistic routing protocol for such networks. I.
Reducing the warp of sheet glass (2010)

Abstract— Many leading technologies, such as flat‐panel displays and precision optics, require sheet glass with exceptional surface qualities. Commercially available sheet glass of <1 ‐mm thickness typically has a surface warp on the order of hundreds of microns, rendering it a challenge to utilize progressively thinner sheets. A novel method of shaping individual sheets and ribbons of glass is presented which utilizes porous mandrels. This method reduces the surface warp of the ribbon while in its hot state without contacting its surface. Sheet glass is inserted between two parallel porous mandrels spaced apart by a predefined distance. A thin layer of pressurized gas flows through each mandrel and out against the glass surfaces. The local gap between the warped glass sheet and the flat mandrel determines the local pressure on the glass. When in its heated and soft state, the glass sheet's surface is changed by this pressure with a strong restorative force proportional to the inverse of the gap cubed, which tends to flatten the sheet. By using flat mandrels and controlled pressurized gas at elevated temperatures, the outcome is a sheet of glass with a surface warp of a few microns while retaining its original pristine optical surface qualities.
Use of ion exchange for the treatment of liquids in nuclear power plants (1973)

The current and future use of ion exchange (demineralization) as a method for treating liquid radioactive streams at nuclear power plants was investigated. Pertinent data were obtained by contacting utility companies, nuclear-steam-supply system vendors, selected AEC-operated facilities, as well as ion exchange resin and equipment manufacturers. Principal emphasis was on obtaining data concerning the decontamination of aqueous solutions characterized by levels of radioactivity that range from 10/sup -7/ to 1 mu Ci/ml. Ion exchange media commonly used in nuclear power plants are synthetic organic resins of polystyrene matrix. They are utilized primarily in the mixed-bed (deep-bed) ion exchange system. Powdered resin (mixed) systems (so-called filter- demineralizer'') are also used in several recent boiling-water-reactor plants. The term decontamination factor (DF), the ratio of the feed to effluent concentration, is widely used and is assumed by designers and operators of the plants to express the ion exchange system performance. In some cases, such DF values may not represent the true system performance. To achieve a desired DF, the feed and effiuent must be sampled for the nuclides of interest and the processing discontinued when the desired effluent concentration is exceeded. Average DF values that can be obtained for various ion-exchange systems and various groups of radionuclides if good engineering practice is used in the design and operation of these systems are listed. These values are based on ion- exchange fundamentals, literature data, laboratory experiments, and plant operating experience. They represent time-average values expected under normal operating conditions rather than maximum values attainable under optimum conditions. (auth)