gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient, Cyanine Dye Based Bilayer Solar Cells (2012)

Abstract Simple bilayer solar cells, using commercially available cationic cyanine dyes as donors and evaporated C 60 layer as an acceptor are prepared. Cyanine dyes with absorption maxima of 578, 615 and 697 nm having either perchlorate or hexafluorophosphate counter‐ions are evaluated. The perchlorate dye leads to cells with S‐shape current‐voltage curves; only the dyes with the hexafluorophosphate counter‐ions lead to efficient solar cells. When the wide bandgap dyes are employed, S‐shape current‐voltage curves are obtained when the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS is used as hole transport layer. Substitution of PEDOT:PSS with MoO 3 leads to cells with more rectangular current–voltage curves and high fill factors. Additionally, the cells using the MoO 3 layer for hole extraction lead to high open circuit voltages of 0.9 V. In the case that a low bandgap hexafluorophosphate dye is used with the HOMO above that of the PEDOT:PSS the cell performance is independent on the type of hole transport layer employed. Using this approach, bilayer solar cells are obtained with power efficiencies ranging from 1.8 to 2.9% depending on the particular dye employed. These are impressive numbers for bilayer solar cell that are partially solution processed in ambient conditions.
Eotaxin mRNA and Protein Expression in Chronic Sinusitis and Allergen-induced Nasal Responses in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (1997)

Eotaxin is an eosinophil-specific chemokine associated with the recruitment of eosinophils to the site of allergic inflammation. The aims of this study were to determine the expression of eotaxin in nasal biopsies from allergic and nonallergic individuals with chronic severe sinusitis, and to examine whether the expression of this chemokine is upregulated following allergen challenge in the nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis. We also undertook to phenotype of inflammatory cells within the submucosa expressing eotaxin mRNA. Nasal turbinate tissue from 16 individuals with allergic or nonallergic chronic sinusitis and 10 normal controls were examined for the presence of eotaxin mRNA and immunoreactivity by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. The numbers of cells expressing eotaxin mRNA were also determined after either allergen or diluent challenge in atopic subjects with a history of allergic rhinitis. There was a constitutive expression of eotaxin-immunoreactivity and the presence of eotaxin mRNA-positive cells in nasal biopsies from normal individuals. Compared with normal controls, the numbers of cells expressing eotaxin mRNA and protein were significantly increased in both allergic and nonallergic sinusitis (P < 0.001). Eotaxin mRNA was expressed by nasal epithelial cells and primarily colocalized to CD68-positive macrophages within the subepithelium. In subjects with allergic rhinitis, allergen challenge markedly increased the numbers of cells expressing eotaxin mRNA and immunoreactivity in the epithelial and subepithelial cell layers (P < 0.05). This could be largely attributed to a local increase in eotaxin production within the nasal tissues. The results of this study demonstrate the constitutive expression of eotaxin and show that the numbers of cells expressing eotaxin mRNA are increased within the epithelial and subepithelial layers of the nasal mucosa in individuals with chronic sinusitis. Furthermore, allergen challenge of the nasal mucosa in atopic subjects results in a local upregulation of eotaxin expression. These data suggest a potential role for this chemokine in the pathogenesis of allergic and nonallergic eosinophilic inflammation characterizing chronic sinusitis and allergic rhinitis.
Use of 2,3,2-tetramine as a hepatic copper chelating agent for treatment of copper hepatotoxicosis in Bedlington Terriers (1988)

Five Bedlington Terriers with inherited copper (Cu) hepatotoxicosis and with hepatic Cu concentrations ranging from 3,000 to 11,000 micrograms/g of dry weight (normal, less than 350 micrograms/g of dry weight) were treated daily for up to 200 days with 2,3,2-tetramine tetrahydrochloride. During treatment, no change was made in the dietary Cu intake, which ranged from 12 to 16 micrograms/g of dry diet. Concentrations of hepatic and serum Cu, iron, and zinc were determined before and at the conclusion of the treatment period. In one dog, 24-hour urinary Cu concentration was measured before and during treatment. A liver biopsy specimen obtained after treatment had significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced hepatic Cu concentration (3,282 micrograms/g of dry weight; a 54.9% reduction), compared with the pretreatment value (7,281 micrograms/g of dry weight). After treatment, there was an overall general lessening of the extent of hepatic morphologic damage. Cytochemical examination for Cu in rhodanine-stained biopsy specimens revealed decreased numbers of Cu-laden hepatic lysosomes. The mean daily urinary Cu concentration increased as much as 25-fold during 2,3,2-tetramine treatment. Hepatic iron and zinc concentrations and serum Cu concentrations remained within normal ranges after treatment. Clinical or laboratory evidence of 2,3,2-tetramine toxicosis was not detected during treatment. These findings indicated that in affected Bedlington Terriers, 2,3,2-tetramine was a safe and rapid chelating agent of hepatic Cu.
Prevalence of Hemochromatosis among 11,065 Presumably Healthy Blood Donors (1988)

There is evidence that iron loading and organ damage can be prevented in patients with hemochromatosis if prophylactic phlebotomy is employed early in the disease--findings emphasizing the importance of early detection before clinical signs occur. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of transferrin saturation as a screening tool for hemochromatosis and to assess the frequency of homozygosity for the HLA-linked hemochromatosis gene in a healthy population. We screened 11,065 presumably healthy blood donors (5840 men and 5225 women). Donors with transferrin saturations of 62 percent or more after an overnight fast were considered potential homozygotes and were asked to undergo liver biopsy and pedigree analysis. The frequency of values for transferrin saturation of 62 or higher in men was 0.008 and in women 0.003. Thirty-eight persons with values higher than 62 were studied in detail; 35 underwent liver biopsy. Liver iron stores ranged from normal to markedly increased. Twelve siblings with an identical HLA match to a proband underwent liver biopsy, and 11 had increased liver iron stores. According to likelihood analysis of the pedigrees, 26 of the 38 probands were homozygotes, and 12 were heterozygotes. The estimated frequency of homozygosity was based on the data in men, because the threshold value of 62 for the transferrin saturation identified only half as many female homozygotes as expected. The frequency of homozygosity was 0.0045, corresponding to a gene frequency of 0.067. The value of population screening is demonstrated in these studies by the detection of homozygotes before clinical manifestations of hemochromatosis occur.
Psychological Sequelae and Alopecia Among Women with Cancer (2001)

The intervention described here may prove to be effective in desensitizing women with cancer to hair loss and facilitating an adjustment to self-acceptance. As such, a higher quality of life during the difficult time of coping may be maintained. The development of a computer-imaging intervention offers an opportunity to integrate a standard psychosocial intervention, personalized for each patient, into the routine patient care in the oncology setting.
REVIEW ARTICLE: Antimicrobial Polypeptides are Key Anti‐HIV‐1 Effector Molecules of Cervicovaginal Host Defense (2007)

Mucosal surfaces of the cervix and vagina are portals for heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and, therefore, play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of primary infection. Cationic antimicrobial polypeptides including defensins are the principal effector molecules of mucosal innate immunity against microbes and viruses such as HIV. In cervicovaginal secretions, antimicrobial polypeptides constitute the majority of the intrinsic anti-HIV-1 activity, synergism between cationic polypeptides is complex, and full anti-HIV-1 activity involves the complete complement of cationic polypeptides. Periods in which cationic antimicrobial polypeptide expression is reduced are likely associated with increased susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. This review provides an overview of the role of cationic antimicrobial polypeptides in innate cervicovaginal anti-HIV-1 host defense, and discusses how hormones and bacterial infections can regulate their expression. Emphasis is placed on the theta-defensin (retrocyclin) class of anti-HIV-1 peptides and their potential for development as topical microbicides to prevent HIV-1 transmission.
Modeling of high-dose-rate transient ionizing radiation effects in bipolar devices (2001)

We have developed a dynamic model for photoelectric effect in bipolar devices exposed to a wide range of ionizing radiation intensities. We represent the stationary and dynamic photocurrents by current sources in parallel with each p-n junction. These sources include the prompt photocurrent of the depletion regions and the delayed response associated with the buildup and discharge of excess charge carriers in the quasi-neutral (q-n) regions adjacent to the junctions. The latter are described in terms of dynamic delay times for each q-n region, which can be represented by RC equivalent delay circuits. The model has been implemented in the circuit simulator AIM-Spice and has been verified by numerical simulations.
ECStor: A Flexible Enterprise-Oriented Cloud Storage System Based on GlusterFS (2016)

With the rapid development of information technology, enormous volumes of data is being generated by many enterprises at all times. A reasonable storage of these large scale data to reduce cost and achieve internal data sharing and collaboration has always been a challenge for enterprises. Cloud storage technology, as an important branch in the field of cloud computing, is becoming a trend to solve this problem. At present, there have been some works on cloud storage, but most of them focus on individual users. Even if there are a few enterprise level products, they still cannot meet the actual needs of enterprises. To address these problems, in this paper, we propose a flexible enterprise-oriented cloud storage system (ECStor) based on GlusterFS. ECStor provides a directory-level fine-grained access control solution, so that storage space can be allocated flexibly according to different role of users or IP addresses. Meanwhile, we achieved a load balancer to distribute user load to NFS servers on different storage nodes, and also implemented a friendly management system interface based on B/S architecture. Finally, we provide an easy-to-use client-side software on Windows platform. We deployed ECStor to the data center, and evaluated the performance of LIST and load balance and found that the latency of LIST acted out no significant losses compared with the original GlusterFS, and achieved a good load balance.
Radiofrequency ablation as a treatment tool for liver metastases of colorectal origin. (2011)

At diagnosis 10-25% of patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) present as resectable disease. Liver resection is the gold standard treatment, resulting in a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 22-58%, local recurrence rates of 1.2-10.4% and a perioperative mortality of less than 5%. Multiple attempts have been made to assess the possible contribution of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to improve OS and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases. The aim of this paper is to review the RFA literature in the setting of colorectal liver metastases: RFA with and without chemotherapy, RFA with and without resection, RFA for solitary unresectable CRLM, surgical and percutaneous imaging-guided RFA, RFA compared with chemotherapy. The reported OS, PFS, local recurrence rates, morbidity and mortality in these different settings are analyzed. This paper reflects on a possible role of RFA in resectable CRLM.
Optimized Cell Planning for Network Slicing in Heterogeneous Wireless Communication Networks (2018)

We propose a cell planning scheme to maximize the resource efficiency of a wireless communication network while considering quality-of-service requirements imposed by different mobile services. In dense and heterogeneous cellular 5G networks, the available time-frequency resources are orthogonally partitioned among different slices, which are serviced by the cells. The proposed scheme jointly optimizes the resource distribution between network slices, the allocation of cells to operate on different slices, and the allocation of users to cells. Since the original problem formulation is computationally intractable, we propose a convex inner approximation. Simulations show that the proposed approach optimizes the resource efficiency and enables a service-centric network design paradigm.
A 5 mW ΣΔ modulator with 84 dB dynamic range for GSM/EDGE (2002)

A /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator in 0.35 /spl mu/m technology for GSM/EDGE applications has 13 MHz clock. Frequency is 13 MHz. The modulator achieves 84 dB dynamic range and 82 dB peak SNDR over 180 kHz bandwidth. Power dissipation is 5 mW from 1.8/2.4 V supplies. Active area is 0.4 mm/sup 2/.
Measurements of NH_3 and CO_2 with distributed-feedback diode lasers near 20 µm in bioreactor vent gases (2001)

Measurements of NH(3) and CO(2) were made in bioreactor vent gases with distributed-feedback diode-laser sensors operating near 2 mum. Calculated spectra of NH(3) and CO(2) were used to determine the optimum transitions for interrogating with an absorption sensor. For ammonia, a strong and isolated absorption transition at 5016.977 cm(-1) was selected for trace gas monitoring. For CO(2), an isolated transition at 5007.787 cm(-1) was selected to measure widely varying concentrations [500 parts per million (ppm) to 10%], with sufficient signal for low mole fractions and without being optically thick for high mole fractions. Using direct absorption and a 36-m total path-length multipass flow-through cell, we achieved a minimum detectivity of 0.25 ppm for NH(3) and 40 ppm for CO(2). We report on the quasi-continuous field measurements of NH(3) and CO(2) concentration in bioreactor vent gases that were recorded at NASA Johnson Space Center with a portable and automated sensor system over a 45-h data collection window.
Tailoring the birefringence in a vertical-cavity semiconductor laser (1996)

We demonstrate a technique to modify the strain in a planar vertical-cavity semiconductor laser. The technique consists of locally melting a hole in the wafer next to the device by means of a focused laser beam. This allows manipulating both the magnitude and the orientation of the native birefringence in a permanent way.
A three dimensional systolic array architecture for fast matrix multiplication (2005)

In recent years one and two dimensional systolic arrays have been designed to implement a wide range of matrix operations and signal processing algorithms. This paper proposes a three dimensional systolic array architecture of N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> processors to further extend the performance advantages which can be achieved through regular local data transfer. The three dimensional array is discussed in the context of fixed point matrix-matrix multiplication which requires O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) multiplications and additions. The array pipelines N of these problems to attain a throughput rate which is practically independent of N. The performance, size, and fault tolerance of the array are discussed for the case N=32.
Acetylcholine Binding Protein (AChBP): A Secreted Glial Protein That Provides a High-Resolution Model for the Extracellular Domain of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels (2003)

Acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) has recently been identified from molluskan glial cells. Glial cells secrete it into cholinergic synapses, where it plays a role in modulating synaptic transmission. This novel mechanism resembles glia-dependent modulation of glutamate synapses, with several key differences. AChBP is a homolog of the ligand binding domain of the pentameric ligand-gated ion-channels. The crystal structure of AChBP provides the first high-resolution structure for this family of Cys-loop receptors. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and related ion-channels such as GABAA, serotonin 5HT3, and glycine can be interpreted in the light of the 2.7 A AChBP structure. The structural template provides critical details of the binding site and helps create models for toxin binding, mutational effects, and molecular gating.
Conformal doping mechanism for fin field effect transistors by self-regulatory plasma doping with AsH3 plasma diluted with He (2012)

Key parameters for achieving n-type conformal doping desirable for source/drain extension regions of Si n-channel fin field effect transistors (FinFETs) have been determined for self-regulatory plasma doping using an AsH3 plasma diluted with He. Two-dimensional scanning spreading resistance microscopy revealed that this technique is advantageous for conformal doping of fin structures. An excellent resistivity conformality was obtained with the ratio of the resistivity of fin sidewall to that of the fin top surface being 0.85. A high total gas flow rate and a high AsH3 concentration were found to be important conditions for realizing conformal doping. The results revealed that a short gas residence time and high molar concentrations of AsH3 and He in the process chamber are essential physical parameters for realizing large amounts of dopant species with finite decomposition times. When these conditions are realized, a sufficiently large amount of As is supplied to both the top surface and the sidewall so that the lowest resistivity is uniformly obtained in these regions because the activated As concentration is saturated even when excess As is supplied to the fin surfaces. The trade-off that exists between conformal doping and fin erosion is discussed. This technique will be useful for realizing conformal doping for the extension regions of n-channel FinFETs for the 22 nm node and beyond.
Enhancement source-coupled logic for mixed-mode VLSI circuits (1992)

Low-noise enhancement source-coupled logic (ESCL) is proposed for applications in high-precision mixed-mode integrated circuits (ICs). The differential ESCL topology offers potential low-power supply noise advantages over conventional CMOS logic for mixed-mode ICs by steering a constant current to perform the logic operation and it requires a smaller logic swing ( Delta V/sub L/<0.2 V/sub dd/) compared to static CMOS logic ( Delta V=V/sub dd/). For mixed-mode ICs, ESCL reduces the digital switching noise by approximately two orders of magnitude ('20-30 mu A/gate) compared to conventional static logic spikes (0.5-1 mA/gate) which is essential to the development of sensitive on-chip analog circuitry. Results from several ESCL circuits implemented in a 2- mu m p-well CMOS technology are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rapid porphyrin screening of urine, stool, and blood. (1969)

Simplified chemical screening tests and an apparatus to facilitate their performance have been developed for porphyrins. The tests are applicable to urine, stool, and blood. The procedures for different specimens are essentially identical and can be performed in a few minutes with a minimum of reagents and apparatus. Results obtained are usually sufficiently definitive to permit differential diagnoses of porphyrias and porphyrinurias without resort to separation or quantitation of the individual porphyrins.
Purification and characterization of yeast anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase (1989)

Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been purified to homogeneity from an overproducing strain. Analytical ultracentrifugation demonstrated that the enzyme is a dimer of Mr = 83,000 +/- 4,000 (S20.w = 4.7 S). Moreover, as shown by active enzyme sedimentation, the enzyme remains dimeric even at low concentrations. The presence of yeast phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase in the gradient does not lead to complex formation between the two enzymes as might be expected if phosphoribosyl anthranilate, the very labile product of the anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase, were channelled to phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase in vivo. The steady-state-kinetic behaviour of the enzyme suggests that catalysis involves a ternary enzyme-substrate complex, with KANTm = 1.6 microM, and KPRib-PPm = 22.4 microM. The enzyme has been used to generate phosphoribosylanthranilate in situ for kinetic studies of phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase from Escherichia coli: KPRAm = 5 microM, kcat = 40 s-1.
A weighted fuzzy production rule evaluation method (2002)

The knowledge base of a fuzzy expert system is usually represented by fuzzy production rules (FPRs) which can represent fuzzy, vague or imprecise knowledge. However, their knowledge representation power is somewhat limited if they do not allow each proposition in the antecedent part of a given fuzzy production rule to have a different degree of significance. In this paper, each proposition in the antecedent part is assigned a weight, and a fuzzy production rule evaluation method (FPREM) based on point-valued fuzzy sets and weight assignment is proposed. A weighted FPR is preferred over the non-weighted version because it is more flexible. In addition, the advantages of our proposed FPREM are: 1) discrete fuzzy set tables can be used; 2) complex fuzzy relational matrix proposed by Zadeh could be avoided; and 3) the method of calculating the consequent is much easier than Zadeh's compositional rule of inference because there is no need to set up the fuzzy relation between the antecedent and the consequent.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microscopic organic analysis using two-step laser mass spectrometry: application to meteoritic acid residues (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicroscopic organic analysis using two-step laser mass spectrometry: application to meteoritic acid residuesLaurie J. Kovalenko, Claude R. Maechling, Simon J. Clemett, Jean Michel. Philippoz, Richard N. Zare, and Conel M. O. AlexanderCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 6, 682–690Publication Date (Print):March 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00030a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00030a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts