gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric Oxide as an Endogenous Mutagen for Sendai Virus without Antiviral Activity (2004)

Nitric oxide (NO) may affect the genomes of various pathogens, and this mutagenesis is of particular interest for viral pathogenesis and evolution. Here, we investigated the effect of NO on viral replication and mutation. Exogenous or endogenous NO had no apparent antiviral effect on influenza A virus and Sendai virus. The mutagenic potential of NO was analyzed with Sendai virus fused to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene (GFP-SeV). GFP-SeV was cultured in SW480 cells transfected with a vector expressing inducible NO synthase (iNOS). The mutation frequency of GFP-SeV was examined by measuring loss of GFP fluorescence of the viral plaques. GFP-SeV mutation frequency in iNOS-SW480 cells was much higher than that in parent SW480 cells and was reduced to the level of mutation frequency in the parent cells by treatment with an NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Immunocytochemistry showed generation of more 8-nitroguanosine in iNOS-SW480 cells than in SW480 cells without iNOS transfection. Authentic 8-nitroguanosine added exogenously to GFP-SeV-infected CV-1 cells increased the viral mutation frequency. Profiles of the GFP gene mutations induced by 8-nitroguanosine appeared to resemble those of mutations occurring in mouse lungs in vivo. A base substitution that was characteristic of both mutants (those induced by 8-nitroguanosine and those occurring in vivo) was a C-to-U transition. NO-dependent oxidative stress in iNOS-SW480 cells was also evident. Together, the results indicate unambiguously that NO has mutagenic potential for RNA viruses such as Sendai virus without affecting viral replication, possibly via 8-nitroguanosine formation and cellular oxidative stress.
Molecular Force Field for Ionic Liquids Composed of Triflate or Bistriflylimide Anions (2004)

A set of force field parameters is proposed for the molecular simulation of ionic liquids containing the anions trifluoromethylsufate and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, also known as triflate and bistriflylimide, respectively. The new set can be combined with existing force fields for cations in order to simulate common room-temperature ionic liquids, such as those of the dialkylimidazolium family, and can be integrated with the OPLS-AA or similar force fields. Ab initio quantum chemical calculations were employed to obtain molecular geometry, torsional energy profiles, and partial charge distribution in the triflate and bistriflylimide anions. One of the torsions in bistriflylimide, corresponding to the dihedral angle S−N−S−C, has a complex energy profile which is precisely reproduced by the present parameter set. A new set of partial electrostatic charges is also proposed for the pyrrolidinium and tri- and tetra-alkylammonium cations. Again, these parameters can be combined with the OPLS-AA specification for amines in order to simulate alkylammonium salts. The force-field models were validated against crystal structures and liquid-state densities.
Front- and Rear-Emitter Screen Printed Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells with >20% Efficiency (2015)

The results from the silicon heterojunction (SHJ) pilot line established at Arizona State University Solar Power Laboratory are presented. The pilot line is producing both front- and rear-emitter SHJ cells with 20.3% mean efficiency as well as bifacial cells with 20% front- and 19.5% rear-side efficiency. We also report 19% SHJ cells on 50-μm-thick wafers. The structure and optimization of the front- and rear-emitter cells is described. The key process improvements included (1) using IZO to achieve a good ohmic contact with (p+)a-Si layers, and using (n+)μc-Si as well as highly defective (n+)a-Si layers to ensure good ohmic contact with ITO; (2) using H2 plasma treatments of (i)a-Si layers to improve surface passivation; and (3) optimization of a-Si layers thickness to reduce optical and series resistance losses. Finally, an analysis of loss mechanisms in a 20% full wafer screen printed SHJ cell is presented and a roadmap towards 23% efficiency is discussed.
Modified Carbon Nanoball on Electrode Surface Using Plasma in Enzyme-Based Biofuel Cells (2012)

Biofuel cells performed similarly to those conventional fuel cells are regarded as one of potential substitute for fossil fuel. Developments of biofuel cells demonstrate the advantages on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions as well as increasing energy security. Enzyme-based biofuel cells is one kind of the biofuel cells, enzyme-based biofuel cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy via specific enzymes as biocatalysts. Glucose oxidase and laccase were immobilized onto carbon paper as bioanode and biocathode, respectively in enzyme-based biofuel cells system. Mediator and enzyme were mixed in phosphate buffer (pH 7) and citrate buffer (pH 5) solutions, respectively. A Nafion membrane117 was inserted to separate the two half cells. The power density with respect to different operating voltages was obtained with a glucose concentration of 10 mM. Potassium hexacyanoferrate III and ABTS (2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) as mediators were added to the bioanode and biocathode cell, respectively. Carbon nanoballs were coated on the carbon paper and enormous enhancement of power density was achieved.The power-voltage with the CNB surface modifying by using plasma was with oxygen bubbling in cathode directly in the cell achieved up to 0.114 V. The power density was 65.5 μW/cm2. The assembled enzyme-based biofuel cells were studied under nitrogen at 37 °C in bioanode.
Implementation of Synthetic Aperture Imaging in Medical Ultrasound: The Dual Stage Beamformer Approach (2010)

The main advantage of medical ultrasound imaging is its real time capability, which makes it possible to visualize dynamic structures in the human body. Real time synthetic aperture imaging puts very high demands on the hardware, which currently cannot be met. A method for reducing the number of calculations and still retain the many advantages of SA imaging is described. It consists of a dual stage beamformer, where the first can be a simple fixed focus analog beamformer and the second an ordinary digital ultrasound beamformer. The performance and constrictions of the approach is described.
Hyponatremia, Convulsions, Respiratory Arrest, and Permanent Brain Damage after Elective Surgery in Healthy Women (1986)

Severe hyponatremia developed after elective surgery in 15 previously healthy women who subsequently either died or had permanent brain damage. The mean age was 41 years (range, 22 to 66), and the preoperative serum sodium level was 138 mmol per liter. All the patients recovered from anesthesia, but about 49 hours after surgery, when the average plasma sodium level was 108 mmol per liter, grand mal seizures, followed by respiratory arrest requiring intubation, developed in all 15. At that time, the urinary sodium level and the osmolality averaged 68 mmol per liter and 501 mOsm per kilogram, suggesting inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. In 10 of 15 patients, an acute cerebral vascular disorder was suspected, leading to a delay in treatment and multiple diagnostic studies, including CT scanning, cerebral angiography, and open-brain biopsies. The net postoperative fluid retention was 7.5 liters, and when correction of the serum sodium level was initiated, the rate of correction was less than 0.7 mmol per liter per hour. Histologic studies of the brain in five patients were not diagnostic, and no patient had any evidence of central pontine myelinolysis on the basis of autopsy, brain biopsy, or CT scanning. Seven patients recovered from coma after the serum sodium level was increased to 131 mmol per liter, but coma recurred two to six days later and ended in either death or a persistent vegetative state. Overall, 27 percent of the patients died, 13 percent had limb paralysis, and 60 percent were left in a persistent vegetative state.
Influence of a third body on the luminosity of a contact binary system (1996)

Based on Roche equipotential surface, a theoretical model of contact binary system has been constructed where the system is disturbed by the presence of a third body. Using this model, ratio of the luminosity in the line of sight to the total luminosity has been calculated over the entire cycle of the system as a function of the parameters like mass-ratio q' between masses of the third body and the primary, distance A of the third body from common centre of gravity and angle I between orbital planes of the third body and the binary system. These calculations show a number of anomalous behaviour of the luminosity even at a large distance A = 3 and a small mass ratio q' = 0.1 where phase of the cycle however playa very important role. At higher mass-ratio q' > 0.8, anomaly is still higher. Thus it is suggested that perturbation by a third body can produce anomalous light curve in some contact binary systems.
Automated detection of the left ventricular region of interest by means of the extraction of typical behaviors in cardiac radionuclide angiographies (1990)

An automated process for the detection of the left ventricular end diastolic contour is defined. The extraction of a pure left ventricular behavior, obtained by the application of the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process on a set of vectors representing the three main typical behaviors present in the scintigraphic sequence, yields the synthesis of a new factorial image particularly matched for the extraction of the left ventricular region of interest (ROI). An edge following technique with conditional dilation applied simultaneously on the two binary images resulting from processing the new left ventricular factorial and the average images with a Laplacian operator gives a robust method for the detection of the left ventricular ROI.
Studies on 2-Hydroxyestradiol 17-Sulfate Derived from Fetoplacental Unit: The Antioxidant as a Potential Defense Substance Against Preeclampsia (2003)

The antioxidant 2-hydroxyestradiol 17-sulfate (2-OH-E2-17-S) was found to be present in the placenta and to prevent the onset of preeclampsia. From experiments using rats, 2-OH-E2-17-S was confirmed to be a highly functional compound with stronger antioxidant activity than alpha-tocopherol and to sustain its antioxidant activity. 2-OH-E2-17-S was confirmed to be produced in the placenta from its precursor, estradiol 17-sulfate (E2-17-S), which is derived from fetal testosterone sulfate (TS). Since the fetal adrenal gland has been shown to convert testosterone (T) into TS, the following metabolic pathway may exist during pregnancy: T-->TS-->E2-17-S-->2-OH-E2-17-S. This fetoplacental pathway may contribute to the maintenance of healthy pregnancy. Details and the experimental outline of these discoveries are reported in this review.
Envelope Targeting: Hemagglutinin Attachment Specificity Rather than Fusion Protein Cleavage-Activation Restricts <i>Tupaia Paramyxovirus</i> Tropism (2005)

To engineer a targeting envelope for gene and oncolytic vector delivery, we characterized and modified the envelope proteins of Tupaia paramyxovirus (TPMV), a relative of the morbilli- and henipaviruses that neither infects humans nor has cross-reactive relatives that infect humans. We completed the TPMV genomic sequence and noted that the predicted fusion (F) protein cleavage-activation site is not preceded by a canonical furin cleavage sequence. Coexpression of the TPMV F and hemagglutinin (H) proteins induced fusion of Tupaia baby fibroblasts but not of human cells, a finding consistent with the restricted TPMV host range. To identify the factors restricting fusion of non-Tupaia cells, we initially analyzed F protein cleavage. Even without an oligo- or monobasic protease cleavage sequence, TPMV F was cleaved in F1 and F2 subunits in human cells. Edman degradation of the F1 subunit yielded the sequence IFWGAIIA, placing the conserved phenylalanine in position 2, a novelty for paramyxoviruses but not the cause of fusion restriction. We then verified whether the lack of a TPMV H receptor limits fusion. Toward this end, we displayed a single-chain antibody (scFv) specific for the designated receptor human carcinoembryonic antigen on the TPMV H ectodomain. The H-scFv hybrid protein coexpressed with TPMV F mediated fusion of cells expressing the designated receptor, proving that the lack of a receptor limits fusion and that TPMV H can be retargeted. Targeting competence and the absence of antibodies in humans define the TPMV envelope as a module to be adapted for ferrying ribonucleocapsids of oncolytic viruses and gene delivery vectors.
Ausiter, John. M.D. (1944)

Journal Article Ausiter, John. M.D. Get access J. B. Whitmore J. B. Whitmore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 187, Issue 11, 18 November 1944, Page 238, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/187.11.238a Published: 18 November 1944
<title>Performance metrics for point target detection in consecutive frame IR imagery</title> (1995)

In the companion paper, two algorithms for tracking point targets in consecutive frame staring IR imagery with evolving cloud clutter are described and compared by using representative example scenes. Here, our total data base of local airborne scenes with targets of opportunity are used for a more quantitative and comprehensive comparison. The use of real world data as well as our focus on temporal filtering over large number of consecutive frames triggered a search for more relevant metrics than those available. We present two new metrics which have most of the attributes sought. In each metric, gain is taken as a ratio of output to input signal to clutter. Maximum values rather than statistical measures are used for clutter. In the variation metric (VM), a temporal standard deviation for each pixel over 95 consecutive frames is computed and the maximum non-target result is taken as the input clutter. The input signal, a real target moving with sub-pixel velocity through sampled imagery, is estimated by a reference mean technique. Output signal and clutter are taken as maximum target and clutter affected pixels in algorithm filtered outputs. In the second metric, the use of an anti-median filter (AM) provides symmetric treatment of input and output as well as signal and clutter. The maximum target and non-target response to the AM filter on input frames and output frames defines the signal and clutter measures. Our set of real-world data is plotted as output versus input signal to clutter for each metric and each algorithm and the pros and cons of each metric is discussed. With either metric, the signal to clutter gain ratios are approximately 5 - 6 dB greater with the temporal filter algorithm than with the velocity filter algorithm.
Apigenin Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Induced Intercellular Adhesion Molecule‐1 Upregulation <i>In Vivo</i> (1996)

TNF-induced ICAM-1 upregulation in vivo effectively is blocked by apigenin through a mechanism that is unrelated to free radical scavenging or leukocyte function.
Technetium (V) and rhenium (V) complexes of 2,3-bis(mercaptoacetamido)propanoate. Chelate ring stereochemistry and influence on chemical and biological properties (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTechnetium (V) and rhenium (V) complexes of 2,3-bis(mercaptoacetamido)propanoate. Chelate ring stereochemistry and influence on chemical and biological propertiesT. N. Rao, D. Adhikesavalu, Arthur Camerman, and Alan R. FritzbergCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 15, 5798–5804Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00171a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00171a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views302Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
STRATEGIES,MODELS AND ALGORITHMS OF SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING/SCHEDULING IN PROCESS INDUSTRIES (2003)

Contents, characteristics, models and algorithms of supply chain planning/scheduling in process industry are described. Due to the characteristics and complexities, some problems can′t be handled well at present. In order to solve these problems, the responding methods are reviewed. Furthermore, three key technologies including multiobjective supply chain planning/scheduling, planning/scheduling under uncertainty and batch process scheduling in process industry are put forward. At last, the models and the responding algorithms of the three technologies above are compared and summarized.
Abnormal nerve conduction studies in mice expressing a mutant form of the POU transcription factor SCIP (1997)

We have previously described transgenic mice that harbor a dominant-negative antagonist of the POU protein SCIP (termed deltaSCIP). Native SCIP is expressed in promyelinating Schwann cells, where it represses expression of the myelin structural genes. The deltaSCIP mice display morphologic and behavioral abnormalities, including decreased axonal diameter, increased myelin thickness, developmentally early myelination, and clinical features of neuropathy. To assess the neurophysiologic correlates of these abnormalities, a series of electrophysiologic tests was performed. Despite having smaller diameter axons, mice expressing the deltaSCIP transgene had similar maximum conduction velocities in caudal, sural, and tibial nerves compared to wild-type controls. Therefore, conduction in deltaSCIP animals was faster than predicted by axon diameter alone. Compound amplitude responses were 38% higher in the deltaSCIP caudal nerve. DeltaSCIP tibial F-wave responses showed less difference between minimum and maximum latencies than controls, suggesting less variance between fastest and slowest conducting fibers. These data further characterize the functional components of the deltaSCIP phenotype. In addition, these studies address the physiologic sequelae of altering the g-ratio in the absence of demyelination or axonal degeneration.
Evaluation of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening antibody against aflatoxins. (1991)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening of antibody produced against aflatoxin was accomplished by a new and simple procedure. To demonstrate the new indirect ELISA technique used, antibody against aflatoxin M1 was produced in female BALB/CJ mice by immunization with an aflatoxin M1-bovine serum albumin conjugate. Instead of coating test-plate wells with purified antibody (direct ELISA) or synthesizing a second protein-aflatoxin conjugate (aflatoxin M1-poly-L-lysine) to coat test-plate wells, wells were coated with the readily available aflatoxin M1-bovine serum albumin and aflatoxin B1-bovine serum albumin. This method, applicable for any aflatoxin conjugated by the common cyclopentano-carboxymethoxyl-oxime technique, eliminates the more time-consuming and technically difficult portions of earlier direct and indirect ELISA. The new technique can be valuable in continued efforts toward development of new and improved immunoassays against aflatoxin metabolites.
Analysis of Trace Moisture in HCl by Gas-Phase FTIR (1993)

Abstract Calibration of moisture in HCl in the sub-ppm range was performed by gas-phase FTIR spectroscopy, giving a linear correlation between infrared absorbance and the moisture concentration. Minimum detectability was estimated to be 30 ppb with 5-min scan time at 2 cm−1 spectral resolution at 1.6 kg cm−2 pressure, using an InSb detector and an 8-m-pathlength gas cell.
Maximum entropy method in image processing (1984)

Maximum entropy has proved to be an enormously powerful tool for reconstructing images from many types of data. It has a privileged position as the only consistent method for combining different data into a single image. It has been used most spectacularly in radio astronomical interferometry, where it deals routinely with images of up to a million pixels, and high dynamic range. We also give examples of optical deconvolutions and tomographic reconstructions to illustrate the generality of application and the quality of maximum entropy images. Some types of data, a such as Fourier intensitites, are inadepquate in themselves to produce a good image. The maximum entropy method allows us to incorporate extra, Prior knowledge about the object being imaged, and we give examples of this technique being used in specectroscopy. The nonlinearities inherent in the a state-of-the-art example of ‘blind’ deconvolution in which an unknown object is blurred with an unknown point-spread-function: maximum entropy can recover both.
Early Growth Response Gene 1 Provides Negative Feedback to Inhibit Entry of Progenitor Cells into the Thymus (2006)

The size of the thymus can be greatly influenced by changes in the small number of early progenitors in the thymus. However, it is not known whether thymic cellularity feeds back to regulate the recruitment, survival, and expansion of progenitors. The transcription factor early growth response gene 1 (Egr1) has been implicated in controlling proliferation and survival in many cell types. We have previously shown that mice deficient in Egr1 have increased thymic cellularity. We now show that Egr1 regulates a negative feedback signal that controls the entry of cells into the thymus. Egr1-deficient mice have higher percentages of early T lineage progenitors in the thymus, yet Egr1-deficient mice have normal numbers of myelolymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow, and Egr1-deficient thymocytes show normal rates of apoptosis and proliferation at all stages of development. Evidence from mixed bone marrow chimeras shows that the ability of Egr1 to control progenitor recruitment is mediated by bone marrow-derived cells, but is not cell autonomous. Furthermore, Egr1-deficient thymuses have increased P-selectin expression. The data suggest that Egr1 mediates a feedback mechanism whereby the number of resident double negative thymocytes controls the entry of new progenitors into the thymus by regulating P-selectin expression on thymic endothelial cells.