gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Impact of Sheep Predators in Australia and New Control Methods Under Development (2006)

The economic impact of introduced predators, principally wild dogs, foxes, and feral pigs, on agriculture in Australia varies across space and time but is estimated to be in excess of US$120 million annually. Australian farmers and the government spend a further US$30 million annually attempting to manage the predation and disease impacts of introduced predators on stock and wildlife. The principal chemical tool used to control each of these species is sodium fluoroacetate (‘1080’). Issues relating to target-specificity and perceived inhumaneness of the toxin have led to heavily restricted use of the compound in the U.S. and a recent registration review in Australia. Three current proactive research projects are addressing this issue. The first is investigating a chemical, p-aminopropiophenone or PAPP, that appears to be selectively toxic for introduced carnivores, as well as rapid acting and relatively humane in its mode of action. The compound acts by interfering with oxygen transport in the blood of foxes and wild dogs, resulting in an effect similar to carbon monoxide poisoning. The second project involves testing and commercializing powerful fox, wild dog, and feral pig attractants that may help increase the efficacy and target-specificity of control programs. The first product from this project is FeralMone®, an aerosolized formulation of synthetic fermented egg that is highly attractive to canids. The third project has involved developing a manufactured target-specific feral pig bait package, PIGOUT®. Initial research has focused on the delivery vehicle that contains sodium fluoracetate centralized in an internal core, whilst current research is developing a recently identified humane alternative feral pig control agent. This paper will report on the economic impact of introduced predators in Australia, the recent Australian sodium fluoroacetate review recommendations, as well as summaries of current research into new predator control tools.
TDNN-LR continuous speech recognition system using adaptive incremental TDNN training (1991)

An investigation of speech recognition and language processing is described. The speech recognition part consists of the large phonemic time-delay neural networks (TDNNs) which can automatically spot all 24 Japanese phonemes by simply scanning input speech. The language processing part is made up of a predictive LR parser which predicts subsequent phonemes based on the currently proposed phonemes. This TDNN-LR recognition system provides large-vocabulary and continuous speech recognition. Recognition experiments for ATR's conference registration task were performed using the TDNN-LR method. Speaker-dependent phrase recognition rates of 65.1% for the first choices and 88.8% within the fifth choices were attained. Also, efficiency in the adaptive incremental training using a small number of training tokens extracted from continuous speech was confirmed in the TDNN-LR system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Marx generator as an ultra wideband source (2001)

Traditional uses of the Marx generator have been limited to energy storage and delivery systems, such as charging capacitors or pulse forming lines. However, low energy, high peak power Marx generators are finding applications in ultra wideband radar and high power microwave systems. This paper discusses the compact generator as well as an assortment of impulse antennas. Experimental results, including those of the Marx generator and antenna range measurements are presented and discussed.
Determination of C1q in human sera. (1979)

All detectable C1q in serum is precipitated with the euglobulin fraction, and all other detectable hydroxyproline-containing protein in serum is excluded from this fraction. Since C1q contains 4.3% hydroxyproline, an estimate of its content in serum can be calculated by multiplying the hydroxyproline content of the euglobulin fraction by 23.3. The mean value of C1q in five normal male subjects determined by this method was found to be 63 microgram/ml as compared with 144 microgram/ml when determined by RID, indicating that the latter procedure seriously overestimates C1q in serum. C1q content of serum from patients with RA was found to be elevated by both procedures.
Superdormant Spores of <i>Bacillus</i> Species Germinate Normally with High Pressure, Peptidoglycan Fragments, and Bryostatin (2010)

Superdormant spores of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis germinated just as well as dormant spores with pressures of 150 or 500 MPa and with or without heat activation. Superdormant B. subtilis spores also germinated as well as dormant spores with peptidoglycan fragments or bryostatin, a Ser/Thr protein kinase activator.
Bond strength of compomers to human enamel. (2001)

The study evaluated the tensile bond strength between human enamel and seven compomer restorative systems under different bonding conditions. Seven compomers were bonded to human tooth structure with and without phosphoric acid etching of the bonding surface, with and without the use of their recommended combined primer and bonding agent and with both moist and wet bond interface environments. Overall, the highest bond strengths to human enamel were attained using phosphoric acid conditioning, primers and moist bonding surfaces.
A Novel Coating Technology for Preparation of Cathodes in Li-Ion Batteries (2001)

Cathodes for Li-ion batteries were prepared using a novel coating technology. First, on the surface of active cathode particles (Li cobalt oxide, Li manganese oxide etc.) dispersed in a solution a thin film of a polyelectrolyte (e.g., gelatin) is adsorbed. Onto each gelatin-coated active particle, about one layer of highly conducting submicrometers carbon black particles is deposited. In the final step, the carbon black- and gelatin-coated particles are glued together using an additional amount of a polyelectrolyte (gelatin, cellulose, etc.). Due to optimized distribution of carbon black and binder, the final composite material can contain up to 96 wt % of active material, and only 2 wt % of gelatin and 2 wt % of carbon black. The polarization of cathodes prepared by the new technology is considerably lower than that of conventional cathodes. On the other hand, the cycling behavior of both electrode types and the surface-to-surface resistivity of the corresponding dry pellets are similar. Based on microimpedance measurements, these results are explained in terms of a simple model referring to a different distribution of carbon black particles in the newly and conventionally prepared cathodes. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Modeling heterogeneous time series dynamics to profile big sensor data in complex physical systems (2013)

While a massive amount of time series can now be collected in many physical systems, it is a challenge to build an analytic model that can correctly profile the data because those time series usually exhibit various behaviors. In this paper we propose an integrated method to address the heterogeneity issue in modeling big time series data. We first extracts relevant features to summarize the underlying dynamics of those series. We present both linear and nonlinear feature extraction techniques, as well as a procedure to determine the right extraction method for individual time series. Given extracted features, our method further models the trajectory pattern of time series in the feature space. Both a regression based and a density based method are presented to profile different types of feature trajectories. Experimental results in a real power plant illustrate that our feature extraction and trajectory model are effective to profile various time series. Our method has been used to successfully detect anomalies in the system.
In-situ aquifer restoration of chlorinated aliphatics by methanotrophic bacteria. Research report, 1 May 1985-30 April 1989 (1989)

The project evaluated the potential of enhanced in-situ biotransformation of chlorinated aliphatic solvents by a bacterial community grown on methane under aerobic conditions. The target chlorinated compounds were trichloroethene (TCE), cis- and trans-1,2-dichloroethene (DCE), and vinyl chloride. Laboratory studies were conducted to improve understanding of the microbial growth and transformation rates and to characterize important transport properties. In field experiments, biostimulation was accomplished by introducing methane and oxygen into a shallow, confined, sand and gravel aquifer to encourage the growth of a native bacterial community. Methane utilization commenced within ten days in the first biostimulation attempt, and within one day in subsequent biostimulation episodes. Biotransformation of the target organic compounds ensued immediately after commencement of methane utilization, and reached steady-state values within three weeks. Mathematical modeling of the transport and transformation process confirmed that the behavior observed in the field demonstration was consistent with the results of the laboratory research and theoretical expectations.
Laser photoacoustics for gas analysis and materials testing (1995)

The application of laser photoacoustics to two different areas is discussed. First, laser-induced spallation and interferometric detection of transient surface displacements is proposed as a powerful noncontact tool for the investigation of adhesion properties of solid surface coatings. Results for nickel and plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings are presented. Delamination processes at the interface between substrate and coating could be detected with excellent spatial and temporal resolution and adhesion strengths in the 0.2 to 2 GPa range be determined. Second, laser photoacoustic spectroscopy is applied to trace gas monitoring. An automated mobile CO<sub>2</sub> laser photoacoustic system is employed for <i>in situ</i> air monitoring with parts per billion sensitivity in industrial, urban, and rural environments. An improvement in detection selectivity for multicomponent gas mixtures is achieved with a continuously tunable highpressure CO<sub>2</sub> laser with a narrow linewidth of 0.017 cm<sup>-1</sup>. A CO laser photoacoustic system previously used for the analysis of motor vehicle exhausts is now employed for studying dimerization phenomena in fatty acid vapors. Finally, emphasis is put on the development of widely tunable, narrow-band, mid-IR laser sources based on optical parametric oscillation or difference frequency generation employing tunable diode lasers and AgGaSe<sup>2</sup> as nonlinear material.
Variegated Expression from the Murine Band 3 (AE1) Promoter in Transgenic Mice Is Associated with mRNA Transcript Initiation at Upstream Start Sites and Can Be Suppressed by the Addition of the Chicken β-Globin 5′ HS4 Insulator Element (2003)

The anion exchanger protein 1 (AE1; band 3) is an abundant erythrocyte transmembrane protein that regulates chloride-bicarbonate exchange and provides an attachment site for the erythrocyte membrane skeleton on the cytoplasmic domain. We analyzed the function of the erythroid AE1 gene promoter by using run-on transcription, RNase protection, transient transfection, and transgenic mouse assays. AE1 mRNA was transcribed at a higher level and maintained at a higher steady-state level than either ankyrin or beta-spectrin in mouse fetal liver cells. When linked to a human gamma-globin gene, two different AE1 promoters directed erythroid-specific expression of gamma-globin mRNA in 18 of 18 lines of transgenic mice. However, variegated expression of gamma-globin was observed in 14 of 18 lines. While there was a significant correlation between transgene copy number and the amount of gamma-globin mRNA in all 18 lines, the transgene mRNAs initiated upstream of the start site of the endogenous AE1 mRNA. Addition of the insulator element from 5'HS4 of the chicken beta-globin cluster to the AE1/gamma-globin transgene allowed position-independent, copy-number-dependent expression at levels similar to the AE1 transcription rate in six of six lines of transgenic mice. The mRNA from the insulated AE1/gamma-globin transgene mapped to the start site of the endogenous AE1 mRNA, and gamma-globin protein was expressed in 100% of erythrocytes in all lines. We conclude that the chicken beta-globin 5'HS4 element is necessary for full function of the AE1 promoter and that position effect variegation is associated with RNA transcription from the upstream start sites.
The role of UDP-Glc:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 in the maturation of an obligate substrate prosaposin (2010)

An endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control system assists in efficient folding and disposal of misfolded proteins. N-linked glycans are critical in these events because their composition dictates interactions with molecular chaperones. UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 (UGT1) is a key quality control factor of the ER. It adds glucoses to N-linked glycans of nonglucosylated substrates that fail a quality control test, supporting additional rounds of chaperone binding and ER retention. How UGT1 functions in its native environment is poorly understood. The role of UGT1 in the maturation of glycoproteins at basal expression levels was analyzed. Prosaposin was identified as a prominent endogenous UGT1 substrate. A dramatic decrease in the secretion of prosaposin was observed in ugt1(-/-) cells with prosaposin localized to large juxtanuclear aggresome-like inclusions, which is indicative of its misfolding and the essential role that UGT1 plays in its proper maturation. A model is proposed that explains how UGT1 may aid in the folding of sequential domain-containing proteins such as prosaposin.
Barbamide, a Chlorinated Metabolite with Molluscicidal Activity from the Caribbean Cyanobacterium <i>Lyngbya majuscula</i> (1996)

The lipid extract from a Curaçao collection of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula was toxic to the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata. Subsequent bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract yielded a novel lipopeptide, barbamide, as the active compound (LC100 = 10 micrograms/mL). The structure of barbamide was determined by spectroscopic methods and was found to contain several unique structural features, including a trichloromethyl group and the methyl enol ether of a beta-keto amide.
A Backbone-reversed Form of an All-β α-Crystallin Domain from a Small Heat-shock Protein (Retro-HSP12.6) Folds and Assembles into Structured Multimers (2003)

The structural consequences of polypeptide backbone reversal ("retro" modification) remain largely unexplored, in particular, for the retro forms of globular all-beta-sheet proteins. To examine whether the backbone-reversed form of a model all-beta-sheet protein can fold and adopt secondary and tertiary structure, we created and examined the recombinant retro form of a 110-residue-long polypeptide, an alpha-crystallin-like small heat-shock protein, HSP12.6, from C. elegans. Following intracellular overexpression in fusion with a histidine affinity tag in Escherichia coli, purification under denaturing conditions, and removal of denaturant through dialysis, retro-HSP12.6 was found to fold to a soluble state. The folded protein was examined using fluorescence and CD spectroscopy, gel filtration chromatography, non-denaturing electrophoresis, differential scanning calorimetry, and electron microscopy and confirmed to have adopted secondary structure and assembled into a multimer. Interestingly, like its parent polypeptide, retro-HSP12.6 did not aggregate upon heating; rather, heating led to a dramatic increase in structural content and the adoption of what would appear to be a very well folded state at high temperatures. However, this was essentially reversed upon cooling with some hysteresis being observed resulting in greater structural content in the heated-cooled protein than in the unheated protein. The heated-cooled samples displayed CD spectra indicative of structural content comparable to that of any naturally occurring globular protein. Attempts are being made to refine crystallization conditions for the folded protein.
Gas turbine combustion apparatus Patent (1969)

Design and development of gas turbine combustion unit with nozzle guide vanes for introducing diluent air into combustion gases
Tail wags the dog: activity of krait natriuretic peptide is determined by its C-terminal tail in a natriuretic peptide receptor-independent manner (2015)

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are potent vasoactive hormones, which maintain pressure-volume homoeostasis. Snake venom NPs exhibit distinct biological activity compared with mammalian NPs due to subtle changes in their sequences. We recently identified a new NP from krait venom (KNP), with an unusual 38-residue long C-terminal tail, which has a propensity to form an α-helix. KNP mediates vasodilation via NP receptor (NPR) independent mechanisms on pre-contracted aortic strips in contrast with classical NPs. The infusion of KNP in anaesthetized rats resulted in a prolonged and sustained drop in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) with no renal effects in contrast with mammalian counterparts. Deletion mutant studies have revealed the presence of two functional segments in KNP, namely Ring and Helix. Although the Ring interacts with NPR, its contribution to the activity of KNP is shown to be negligible as both KNP and Helix elicit equipotent endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Further, KNP and Helix signalled through endothelial nitric oxide (NO) to mediate NPR-independent vasodilation. Thus, KNP exhibits non-canonical characteristics through its C-terminal tail, despite a functional NP ring. The present study has altered the paradigm of NP biology through the understanding of structure-function relationships and may serve as a lead for the design of novel hypotensive agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyanine Dye Labeling Reagents: Sulfoindocyanine Succinimidyl Esters. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Social History of Madness; Or, Who's Buying this Round? Anticipating and Avoiding Gaps in Collection Development (1990)

Both the internal organization of collection development and the nature of science and scholarship lead to inevitable gaps in collection development. The discussion identifies both nondisciplinary and interdisciplinary areas especially vulnerable to such oversight and suggests remedies to prevent the undue perpetuation of gaps.
Spin torque majority gate logic (2014)

Nanomagnetic or spintronic circuits hold the promise of non-volatile and reconfigurable logic with low switching energy. One such circuit is the magnetic majority gate formed by concatenating several magnetic tunnel junctions together in such a manner that they interact with each other through a common ferromagnetic free layer to achieve the desired functionality. A key advantage of this configuration is that multiple majority gates can be concatenated together entirely in the magnetic domain without conversion to electric signals. The magnetic majority gates can in turn be concatenated together to form more complex circuits, such as a full magnetic adder circuit described here and simulated with a micromagnetic solver. The dynamics of magnetic polarization propagate through the adder circuit via the motion of magnetic domain walls and correspond exactly to the propagation of information through a ripple adder circuit. The switching speed and energy of the fundamental magnetic switching operation in the magnetic adder is comparable to the same fundamental switching operation in single magnetic gates or nanomagnetic memories. It provides a basis for estimating the operational speed and energy of the more complex magnetic circuits. A non-linear transfer characteristic ensures noise margin and signal restoration after every operation critical for Boolean logic.
Experimental Evidence of Aggregation Effects in Comblike Poly(mono-<i>n</i>-alkyl itaconates) (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTExperimental Evidence of Aggregation Effects in Comblike Poly(mono-n-alkyl itaconates)†Ligia Gargallo, Angel Leiva, Deodato Radić, and Arturo LeónView Author Information Facultad de Química (502), Departamento Química Fisica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile, and Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 5659, Santiago 2, ChileCite this: Langmuir 1998, 14, 18, 5314–5316Publication Date (Web):August 1, 1998Publication History Received17 July 1997Revised3 April 1998Published online1 August 1998Published inissue 1 September 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la970800whttps://doi.org/10.1021/la970800wbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aggregation,Physical and chemical properties,Polymer solutions,Polymers,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Total Synthesis of (+)-Schweinfurthins B and E (2009)

The first total synthesis of (+)-schweinfurthin B, a potent and differentially active cytotoxic agent, has been accomplished. Completion of the synthesis required just 16 steps in the longest linear sequence from commercially available vanillin. Key synthetic transformations included a Shi epoxidation and an efficient cascade cyclization initiated by treatment of the resulting epoxide with BF(3).OEt(2). Furthermore, use of a methyl ether as a stable protecting group for benzylic alcohols dramatically increased the efficiency of the overall sequence. The benzylic ether can be removed from this electron-rich aromatic system through oxidation with DDQ that provided the desired aldehyde intermediate in quantitative yield and shortened the synthetic sequence. Introduction of the A-ring diol in the required cis stereochemistry then became viable through a short sequence highlighted by an aldol condensation with benzaldehyde to introduce an olefin as a latent carbonyl group at the C-3 position. This synthesis established for the first time the absolute stereochemistry of the natural product, and provides access to material on a scale that will advance biological studies. The total synthesis of the closely related compound (+)-schweinfurthin E also is reported.
[The Future of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Method In Neuropsychiatric Disorders]. (2016)

Letter to the editor.