gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A real-time architecture of multiple features extraction for vehicle verification (2014)

In this paper, we propose a real-time architecture of multiple features extraction for vehicle verification. First, we set a range of YCbCr values to extract the pixels belonging to vehicle back lights. The density of light is computed by the number of the extracted pixels, and considered as the first feature. The second feature is the location of license plate. It is determined by Searching Area Decision, Local Edge Quantity, and Refinement. Then, the pixels belonging to back light and license plate are removed, and the averages of YCbCr values belonging to the remaining pixels are computed. It is considered as the third feature. Once the three features are computed, the relative error distance is applied to verify the vehicles in different frames. To achieve the request of real-time processing at 30fps, a four-staged pipeline architecture is also proposed. After synthesis, the total gate count is 390k and the operating frequency is 56MHz with TSMC 0.18μm process.
The new German cinema: Problems of historiography (1990)

Thomas Elsaesser, New German Cinema. A History. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1989. 430 pp., over 200 ills. $14.95 paper. Eric Rentschler (ed.), West German Filmmakers on Film: Visions and Voices. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1988. 262 pp. $22.50 paper.
Novel β-1,4-Mannanase Belonging to a New Glycoside Hydrolase Family in Aspergillus nidulans (2015)

Many filamentous fungi produce β-mannan-degrading β-1,4-mannanases that belong to the glycoside hydrolase 5 (GH5) and GH26 families. Here we identified a novel β-1,4-mannanase (Man134A) that belongs to a new glycoside hydrolase (GH) family (GH134) in Aspergillus nidulans. Blast analysis of the amino acid sequence using the NCBI protein database revealed that this enzyme had no similarity to any sequences and no putative conserved domains. Protein homologs of the enzyme were distributed to limited fungal and bacterial species. Man134A released mannobiose (M2), mannotriose (M3), and mannotetraose (M4) but not mannopentaose (M5) or higher manno-oligosaccharides when galactose-free β-mannan was the substrate from the initial stage of the reaction, suggesting that Man134A preferentially reacts with β-mannan via a unique catalytic mode. Man134A had high catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) toward mannohexaose (M6) compared with the endo-β-1,4-mannanase Man5C and notably converted M6 to M2, M3, and M4, with M3 being the predominant reaction product. The action of Man5C toward β-mannans was synergistic. The growth phenotype of a Man134A disruptant was poor when β-mannans were the sole carbon source, indicating that Man134A is involved in β-mannan degradation in vivo. These findings indicate a hitherto undiscovered mechanism of β-mannan degradation that is enhanced by the novel β-1,4-mannanase, Man134A, when combined with other mannanolytic enzymes including various endo-β-1,4-mannanases.
Tryptophan Availability Modulates Serotonin Release from Rat Hypothalamic Slices (1989)

Application of a novel in vitro experimental system has allowed us to describe the relationship between tryptophan availability and serotonin release from rat hypothalamic slices. Superfusing hypothalamic slices with a physiologic medium containing l-tryptophan (1, 2, 5, or 10 microM) caused dose-dependent elevations in tissue tryptophan levels; the magnitude of the elevations produced by supplementing the medium with less than 5 microM tryptophan was within the physiologic range for rat brain tryptophan levels. Slice serotonin levels rose biphasically as the tryptophan concentration in the medium was increased. Superfusing the slices with medium supplemented with a low tryptophan concentration (1 or 2 microM) caused proportionally greater incremental changes in serotonin levels than the increases caused by further elevating the tryptophan concentration (5 or 10 microM). The spontaneous release of serotonin from the slices exhibited a dose-dependent relationship with the tryptophan concentration of the superfusion medium. Electrically evoked serotonin release, which was calcium-dependent and tetrodotoxin-sensitive, also increased in proportion to the medium tryptophan concentration. These data suggest that the rate at which serotonin is released from hypothalamic nerve terminals is coupled to brain tryptophan levels. Accelerations in hypothalamic serotonin synthesis, caused by elevating brain tryptophan levels, result in proportionate increases in the rates of serotonin release during rest and with membrane depolarization.
Using recycled demolition waste in concrete building blocks (2004)

A study is being undertaken at the University of Liverpool to investigate the potential for using construction and demolition waste (C&DW)-derived aggregate in the manufacture of precast concrete building blocks. Recycled aggregates can be used to replace quarried limestone aggregate, usually used in coarse (6 mm) and fine (4 mm-to-dust) gradings. Market research has been carried out to determine the economic viability of using C&DW-derived aggregates in blocks. The availability and transportation costs of quarried and C&DW-derived aggregates have been compared and there appears to be scope for investigating the technical as well as the economic aspects of the use of C&DW-derived aggregates in block manufacture.
Chemical imidization for enhanced thermal stability of poled electro-optic response in polyimide guest-host systems (1991)

Chemical imidization at room temperature is employed as a novel curing process for dc electric field poled electro-optic (EO) polyimide guest-host systems. Dehydration occurring through imidization of the polyamic acid is completed chemically after poling rather than thermally during poling. After thermal aging at 155 °C (above the poling temperature) chemically imidized samples retain over 30% of their original poling induced EO signal while similarly poled samples, which have not been chemically imidized, produce a null EO response.
Analysis of flux leakage in a brushless permanent-magnet motor with embedded magnets (1999)

This paper analyzes the magnetic characteristics of brushless permanent-magnet motors with embedded magnets. It shows that the flux leakage has a substantial effect on the air gap flux density interacting directly with the armature current to produce torque. The flux leakage parameters /spl eta/ and /spl lambda/ are expressed analytically in terms of the magnetic material properties and the motor dimensions. They are essential quantities for the accurate prediction of the average flux densities within the air gap and the magnet. The finite element numerical method is adopted to verify the analytical model. For the numerical example in this paper, the average deviation between the finite element result and the analytical one is about 1-2%. This finding confirms the suitability of the analytical model for the design purpose. Although design is not particularly emphasized in this paper, one section gives a simple explanation of flux leakage considerations in magnet design.
MIMO Transmit Beamforming Under Uniform Elemental Power Constraint (2007)

We consider multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transmit beamforming under the uniform elemental power constraint. This is a nonconvex optimization problem, and it is usually difficult to find the optimal transmit beamformer. First, we show that for the multi-input single-output (MISO) case, the optimal solution has a closed-form expression. Then we propose a cyclic algorithm for the MIMO case which uses the closed-form MISO optimal solution iteratively. The cyclic algorithm has a low computational complexity and is locally convergent under mild conditions. Moreover, we consider finite-rate feedback methods needed for transmit beamforming. We propose a simple scalar quantization method, as well as a novel vector quantization method. For the latter method, the codebook is constructed under the uniform elemental power constraint and the method is referred as VQ-UEP. We analyze VQ-UEP performance for the MISO case. Specifically, we obtain an approximate expression for the average degradation of the receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) caused by VQ-UEP. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed transmit beamformer designs and the finite-rate feedback techniques.
Kinetic aspects of the copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran with alkylene oxides (1971)

Abstract Cationic (BF 3 ) copolymerizations and terpolymerizations of 1,2‐butylene oxide (BO), propylene oxide (PO), and tetrahydrofuran (THF), have been carried out at 0°C in ethylene dichloride under dry inert conditions. Reactivity ratios of THF–BO, THF–PO and BO–PO systems have been determined with the use successively of 1,2‐propanediol and 1,2,3‐propanetriol (glycerine) as cocatalysts. Terpolymer compositions established experimentally compare well with those predicted by calculations with the reactivity rations determined in the binary systems. With the triol as cocatalyst, the existence of a ternary azeotrope was confirmed. Its composition is: M 1 (THF) = 0.125; M 2 (BO) = 0.205; and M 2 (PO) = 0.670.
Experimental comparison of emulated lock-free vs. fine-grain locked data structures on the Cray XMT (2010)

Three implementations of a concurrently-updateable linked list were compared, one that emulates a lock-free approach based on a compare-and-swap instruction, one that makes direct use of the Cray XMT's full-empty synchronization bits on every word of memory, and a third that uses the XMT's atomic int_fetch_add instruction. The relative performance of the three implementations was experimentally compared on a 512-processor XMT. The direct implementation approach performed up to twice as fast as the other two approaches under conditions of low contention, but the three implementations performed about the same when the amount of contention was high.
Adjuvant treatment of early stage non-small-cell lung cancer. (1999)

Cure rates for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain low and the prognosis for patients with even stage IA disease is poor. Complete surgical resection is still the first-line treatment for NSCLC, but many investigators are studying the benefit of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy as a means of destroying residual tumor and micrometastasis. However, given the high recurrence rate and the trauma of surgery, consideration of drug toxicity and the patient's quality of life is important. Uracil and tegafur (UFT) is a tolerable and active drug in NSCLC that, as a prodrug and biochemical modulator, provides extended tumor exposure to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Early evidence from studies with UFT described here indicate that it may be a safe and effective alternative to cisplatin (Platinol)-based therapy for the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy of early stage NSCLC. Further results are awaited.
Detection of antibodies to Mycoplasma gallisepticum in egg yolk versus serum samples (1991)

Serum (n = 1,636) and egg yolk (n = 802) samples collected from hens on four commercial egg farms in Florida were tested for the presence of specific antibodies to Mycoplasma gallisepticum in a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No significant differences were noted between serum and egg yolk samples with respect to distribution of positive, suspect, and negative test results or for the mean sample/positive control ratio values of positive, suspect, and negative test results. A linear relationship between the distribution of positive and negative results and the age of the birds was observed for results obtained with both serum and egg yolk samples. On the basis of the results of this study, egg yolk samples can be used in lieu of serum samples to screen flocks for antibodies to Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
G-protein Interactions with Receptor-Derived Peptides Chemisorbed on Gold (2003)

Interactions between the functional bovine brain G-protein and receptor-derived peptides chemically adsorbed on gold surfaces are studied. The peptides are designed to mimic the third ic-loop (aa 361-373) of the Alpha 2a-adrenergic receptor (α2AR). These segments are linked to a surface using the thiol−gold chemistry, and the protein interaction studies are conducted to investigate the key function of recognition. The chemical composition and binding strength of the peptide monolayers onto a gold surface are characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Strong molecular binding of the adsorbates to the gold surface is attained, and the presence of amide-related IR vibrations verified the composition of the peptides. Bovine brain G-protein adsorption studies on these molecular monolayers are performed using the surface plasmon resonance technique. The arginine-rich peptide, which is a direct mimicry of the receptor, has a higher affinity for G-protein than the lysine-rich and alanine-rich derived peptides, showing that arginine residue has special importance for the G-protein interaction with the receptor.
Construction of a plasmid replicating in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces lactis. (1985)

Linear DNA killer plasmids (pGKLl and pGKL2) from a strain of Kluyveromyces lactis have been reported.X) We have found that a PstI fragment ofpGKLl functions as autonomous replication sequences (ARS) in a certain
Structure and Function of PilQ, a Secretin of the DNA Transporter from the Thermophilic Bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB27 (2011)

Secretins are a family of large bacterial outer membrane protein complexes mediating the transport of complex structures, such as type IV pili, DNA and filamentous phage, or various proteins, such as extracellular enzymes and pathogenicity determinants. PilQ of the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB27 is a member of the secretin family required for natural transformation. Here we report the isolation, structural, and functional analyses of a unique PilQ from T. thermophilus. Native PAGE, gel filtration chromatography, and electrophoretic mobility shift analyses indicated that PilQ forms a macromolecular homopolymeric complex that binds dsDNA. Electron microscopy showed that the PilQ complex is 15 nm wide and 34 nm long and consists of an extraordinary stable "cone" and "cup" structure and five ring structures with a large central channel. Moreover, the electron microscopic images together with secondary structure analyses combined with structural data of type II protein secretion system and type III protein secretion system secretins suggest that the individual rings are formed by conserved domains of alternating α-helices and β-sheets. The unprecedented length of the PilQ complex correlated well with the distance between the inner and outer membrane of T. thermophilus. Indeed, PilQ was found immunologically in both membranes, indicating that the PilQ complex spans the entire cell periphery of T. thermophilus. This is consistent with the hypothesis that PilQ accommodates a PilA4 comprising pseudopilus mediating DNA transport across the outer membrane and periplasmic space in a single-step process.
Variations in the Oligosaccharides on Free and Combined α-Subunits of Human Choriogonadotropin in Pregnancy (1985)

The glycoprotein hormone hCG and a free alpha-subunit are secreted by trophoblastic cells during pregnancy. We have purified the alpha-subunit of hCG and the free alpha-subunit population from pregnancy urine. Dissociation of hCG with 10 M urea at 37 C, followed by chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, resulted in separation of alpha- from beta-subunit, as hCG alpha does not bind to DEAE in the presence of urea, while beta-subunit does bind. Similar treatment of the free alpha population resulted in fractionation into two populations, a nonbinding fraction of free alpha and a population which was retained by DEAE in the presence of urea (free alpha 2). The three populations, hCG alpha, free alpha, and free alpha 2, were further purified by affinity chromatography using anti-alpha antisera linked to Sepharose. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the preparations showed that hCG alpha consisted of a single component with an apparent mol wt of 22,000, while free alpha and free alpha 2 consisted of multiple components. Radioactive labeling of sialic acid by limited periodate oxidation and NaB[3H]4 reduction resulted in a higher specific activity for free alpha than for hCG alpha, suggesting that free alpha contains more sialic acid per immunoreactive molecule than does alpha dissociated from hCG. [3H]hCG alpha, but not 3H-labeled free alpha, was able to combine with native hCG beta-subunit. The oligosaccharide moieties were released from the different labeled subunits by alkaline hydrolysis and then compared with respect to Concanavalin A (ConA)-binding and DEAE-binding properties. Most of the oligosaccharides from dissociated hCG alpha bound to ConA-Sepharose (72%), while less material from free alpha (40%) and even less from free alpha 2 (25%) were capable of binding to ConA. DEAE chromatography of the oligosaccharides suggested that hCG alpha contained primarily monosialylated forms (greater than 60%), while free alpha and alpha 2 contained primarily (greater than 70%) di- and trisialylated forms. Thus, the ConA and DEAE binding data indicated that the oligosaccharide contents of free alpha and free alpha 2 were quite different from that of hCG alpha. These results also suggest that some of the oligosaccharide structures contained on hCG alpha and most of those on free alpha and free alpha 2 differ substantially from the structures that have been previously described.
Chemoprevention of Cancers in Gastrointestinal Tract with Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors (2012)

The finding that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is over-expressed and plays an important role in carcinogenesis in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers including esophagus, gastric and colorectal cancers has triggered the researches of COX-2 inhibitors as the chemopreventive option for GI cancers. This reviewer updates the current molecular biology on the regulation of COX-2 expression, pharmacological concepts of COX-2 inhibitors in the chemoprevention of GI tract, the clinical efficacies of COX -2 inhibitors in prevention of cancers in GI tract and associated main adverse events. In inflammation, COX-2 expression is regulated both at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Hypermethylation of the CpG island in the COX-2 gene is the major cause of COX-2 silencing in a subset of GI cancers. However, the tumor-inhibitory efficacy of non-selective non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or selective COX-2 inhibitors is not necessarily related to their COX-inhibitory potential. These compounds harbor additional pharmacological activities that are entirely independent of its COX-2 inhibitory activity. The clearly identified targets relevant for anticancer therapy, the benefits from clinical chemoprevention of GI tract cancers and the absence of adverse findings of cardiovascular function or histopathology in preclinical toxicology studies indicate the promising results of COX-2 inhibitors. The efficacy and toxicity of NSAIDs are a consequence of the inhibition of the COX enzymes. Therefore, an optimal regime of COX-2 inhibitors in chemoprevention of GI cancers should be further investigated probably by adjustment of dosage, duration, integration of co-therapy and careful selection of candidates.
Firewalls for security in wireless networks (2002)

Wireless computing is an area of computer science that has experienced much growth during the 1990s. The use of wireless networks allows users to access their home networks while separated from them by significant distances. Due to its convenience and the decreasing cost of the needed hardware and software, wireless computing will continue to experience growth into the next century, both in the number of users and in the amount of data transmitted across wireless networks. Along with the growth of trusted users, there will also be an increase in the number of hackers, or rogue users. Due to financial, business, and privacy concerns, it will become increasingly important for system administrators to protect, from rogue users, hosts connected to wireless networks. One tool that may be used by system administrators is firewall technology. A firewall allows system administrators to implement strict access controls between the trusted internal network and the non trusted external world. The paper discusses the firewall and other security tools used to provide security to the wired networks and offers a methodology to protect a wireless network. An analysis of the proposed methodology and its functionality are also presented.
MACH: A High - Hitting Pattern Checker for VLSI Mask Data (1983)

A fast checking algorithm and evaluation of a high-hitting pattern checker (MACH) for VLSI mask data are presented. A two-dimensional-limited searching algorithm has realized O(Nv), where Nv is the number of vectors. The processing speed of MACH is 6,000 vectors per second. MACH can handle VLSI data of more than 10,000,000 vectors that include diagonal vectors. The designer can describe arbitrary design rules using a Design Rule Description Language. We have defined two quality measures for a pattern checker, that is, Detecting Rate and Hitting Rate. MACH has achieved the best detecting rate of 100% and a high hitting rate of more than 80%.
Efficacy of Point-of-View Video Modeling (2013)

Point-of-view video modeling (POV), a variation of video-based modeling interventions, involves creating a video exemplar from a first-person perspective. The advantage is a significant reduction in extraneous stimuli, as well as increased efficiency in production. However, the lack of systematic analysis to evaluate differential impact on targeted outcomes for individuals with disabilities limits the identification of the population for whom POV is most appropriate, as well as the most efficacious implementation procedure. Through meta-analysis of single-subject studies using POV to improve targeted outcomes, this study identifies differential effects of participant characteristics, implementation procedures, and targeted outcomes. Results of the systematic search reveal that POV has only been implemented with individuals with developmental disabilities or an autism spectrum disorder. Analysis yielded an overall improvement rate difference (IRD) effect size of .78 (83.4% confidence interval [CI] = [.76, .80]). Furthermore, age, disability, and implementation variables moderate outcomes. Areas of future research and implications for practice are discussed.
Magnetism of Epitaxial fcc Iron Films on Cu(001) Investigated by Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Emission (1987)

One-, three-, and five-monolayer (ML) films of fcc iron grown epitaxially on Cu(001) are found to be ferromagnetic by spin-polarized photoelectron emission measurements of the magnetization as function of perpendicularly applied field and temperature. The hysteresis loop of the 5-ML film at 30 K is quadrangular, and shows a remanence magnetization directed along the surface normal and a coercive field of 650 Oe. The extrapolated temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization leads to a Curie temperature of 230 K for the 1-ML film and 390 K for the 3- and 5-ML films.
Using Complications Associated With Postmastectomy Radiation and Immediate Breast Reconstruction to Improve Surgical Decision Making (2010)

Postmastectomy irradiation was associated with a high rate of surgical complications and implant loss among patients who underwent IBR. Determining the number of positive SLNs prior to definitive resection and reconstructive operations may reduce complications and implant loss by guiding surgical decision making. Patients with a negative SLN are unlikely to require PMRT. Those with positive SLN(s) are high-risk IBR candidates with a quantifiable PMRT risk.