gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exocytosis of acid sphingomyelinase by wounded cells promotes endocytosis and plasma membrane repair (2010)

Rapid plasma membrane resealing is essential for cellular survival. Earlier studies showed that plasma membrane repair requires Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of lysosomes and a rapid form of endocytosis that removes membrane lesions. However, the functional relationship between lysosomal exocytosis and the rapid endocytosis that follows membrane injury is unknown. In this study, we show that the lysosomal enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is released extracellularly when cells are wounded in the presence of Ca(2+). ASM-deficient cells, including human cells from Niemann-Pick type A (NPA) patients, undergo lysosomal exocytosis after wounding but are defective in injury-dependent endocytosis and plasma membrane repair. Exogenously added recombinant human ASM restores endocytosis and resealing in ASM-depleted cells, suggesting that conversion of plasma membrane sphingomyelin to ceramide by this lysosomal enzyme promotes lesion internalization. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism for restoration of plasma membrane integrity through exocytosis of lysosomes and identify defective plasma membrane repair as a possible component of the severe pathology observed in NPA patients.
Eine Reihe definierter Metathesekatalysatoren – Synthese von und Reaktionen mit [RuCl<sub>2</sub> ( CHR′)(PR<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] (1995)

Wesentlich bessere Initiatoren und demzufolge erheblich reaktiver als die Komplexe des Typs A sind die Metathesekatalysatoren B , die durch Umsetzung von [RuCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 3 ] mit den entsprechenden Diazoalkanen und nachfolgenden Phosphanaustausch erhältlich sind. Während die PPh 3 ‐Derivate ausgezeichnete Katalysatoren für die lebende ROMP von Norbornen sind, erweist sich der Komplex mit R  Cy, R′  Ph zusätzlich als sehr wirksamer Katalysator für die Metathese acyclischer Alkene. magnified image
Markerless motion capture of man-machine interaction (2008)

This work deals with modeling and markerless tracking of athletes interacting with sports gear. In contrast to classical markerless tracking, the interaction with sports gear comes along with joint movement restrictions due to additional constraints: while humans can generally use all their joints, interaction with the equipment imposes a coupling between certain joints. A cyclist who performs a cycling pattern is one example: The feet are supposed to stay on the pedals, which are again restricted to move along a circular trajectory in 3D-space. In this paper, we present a markerless motion capture system that takes the lower-dimensional pose manifold into account by modeling the motion restrictions via soft constraints during pose optimization. Experiments with two different models, a cyclist and a snowboarder, demonstrate the applicability of the method. Moreover, we present motion capture results for challenging outdoor scenes including shadows and strong illumination changes.
Chaetoglobosin K: a new plant growth inhibitor and toxin from Diplodia macrospora (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChaetoglobosin K: a new plant growth inhibitor and toxin from Diplodia macrosporaHorace G. Cutler, Farrist G. Crumley, Richard H. Cox, Richard J. Cole, Joe W. Dorner, James P. Springer, Frances M. Latterell, James E. Thean, and Albert E. RossiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1980, 28, 1, 139–142Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60227a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60227a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views339Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Magnetic Domain With Straight Domain Walls Passing Through a Ferromagnetic Insulator for a Continuously Looped Racetrack Memory (2020)

We demonstrate via micromagnetic simulations that a magnetic domain, which has two straight domain walls (DWs) and is formed in a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic metal (FM), moves through a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic insulator (FI) because of the spin-transfer torque arising from a spin-polarized current flowing in the FM. This phenomenon could be used for realizing racetrack memory with a continuous loop structure built from a nanowire comprising an FM/FI junction. We employ two nanowire structures in which two FMs are separated by a rectangular or a zigzag FI. In the system with a rectangular FI, the domain passes through the insulator when the length of the insulator is shorter than the DW length. However, the domain transforms into an unstable structure with current-induced domain motion after it passes through the insulator. In the system with a zigzag FI, the domain passes through the insulator irrespective of the length of the insulator. When passing through the zigzag FI, the velocity of the domain increases.
A flat laser array aperture (2010)

We describe a design concept for a flat (or conformal) thin-plate laser phased-array aperture. The aperture consists of a substrate supporting a grid of single-mode optical waveguides fabricated from a linear electro-optic material. The waveguides are coupled to a single laser source or detector. An arrangement of electrodes provides for two-dimensional beam steering by controlling the phase of the light entering the grid. The electrodes can also be modulated to simultaneously provide atmospheric turbulence modulation for long-range free-space optical communication. An approach for fabrication is also outlined.
Development of thick volume holographic gratings for narrowband spectral filter applications (2004)

We have written volume holographic gratings in MEMPLEX photopolymer substrate of thickness >5 mm. Spectral acceptance of <1 /spl Aring/ coupled with high diffraction efficiencies around 500 nm demonstrate these holograms to be ideal for narrowband spectral filtering applications.
In Vitro Metabolic and Mitogenic Signaling of Insulin Glargine and Its Metabolites (2010)

The binding of insulin glargine and its metabolites M1 and M2 to the IR were similar and correlated well with their corresponding autophosphorylation and metabolic activities in vitro. No differences were found towards the two IR isoforms A or B. Insulin glargine showed a higher affinity for IGF1R than insulin, resulting in a lower EC(50) value for autophosphorylation of the receptor and a more potent stimulation of thymidine incorporation in Saos-2 cells. In contrast, the metabolites M1 and M2 were significantly less active in binding to and activation of the IGF1R and their mitogenicity in Saos-2 cells was equal to human insulin. These findings strongly support the idea that insulin glargine metabolites contribute with the same potency as insulin glargine to blood glucose control but lead to significantly reduced growth-promoting activity.
Deletion of the Distal <i>Tnfsf11</i> RL-D2 Enhancer That Contributes to PTH-Mediated RANKL Expression in Osteoblast Lineage Cells Results in a High Bone Mass Phenotype in Mice (2015)

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like cytokine that is necessary for osteoclast formation and survival. Elevated RANKL synthesis is associated with both increased osteoclast number and bone resorption. Earlier studies identified an enhancer 76 kb upstream of the Tnfsf11 transcriptional start site (TSS) termed RL-D5 or the distal control region (DCR) that modulates RANKL expression in response to PTH, 1,25(OH)2D3,, and an array of cytokines. Mice lacking RL-D5 exhibit high bone mass associated with decreased RANKL expression in bone, spleen, and thymus. In addition to RL-D5, genome-wide studies have identified 9 additional Tnfsf11 enhancers residing upstream of the gene's TSS, which provide RANKL cell type-specificity and responsiveness to local and systemic factors. ChIP-chip analyses has revealed inducible vitamin D receptor (VDR) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) binding at an enhancer termed RL-D2 23 kb upstream of the Tnfsf11 TSS in osteoblastic ST2 cells. Herein, we use ChIP-seq analyses to confirm this finding and then delete this enhancer from the mouse genome to determine its physiological role in vivo. RL-D2(-/-) primary stromal cells showed decreased RANKL-induction by both forskolin and 1,25(OH)2D3 ex vivo. Consistent with this, the parathyroid hormone (PTH) induction of RANKL expression was significantly blunted in RL-D2(-/-) mice in vivo. In contrast, lack of RL-D2 had no effect on 1,25(OH)2D3 induction of RANKL in vivo. Similar to the results found in RL-D5(-/-) mice, lack of RL-D2 led to decreased skeletal RANKL expression, resulting in decreased osteoclast numbers and a progressive increase in bone mineral density. Lack of RL-D2 increased cancellous bone mass in femur and spine but did not alter femoral cortical bone thickness. These results highlight the role of distal enhancers in the regulation of RANKL expression by PTH and perhaps 1,25(OH)2D3 and suggest that the RL-D2 and RL-D5 enhancers contribute in either an additive or synergistic manner to regulate bone remodeling.
A Taxonomy and Research Overview of Perishable-Asset Revenue Management (1992)

This paper provides an overview of the research that has been done in the field of perishable-asset revenue management, which is a new term given here to a field that combines the areas of yield management, overbooking, and pricing. The paper also provides a comprehensive taxonomy with 14 different dimensions (elements) along which problems that are included in this important research area can be classified. It suggests important areas of future research to help bridge the gap between theory and application.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of <i>anti</i>-α,β-Diamino Acid Derivatives (2016)

A novel approach to chiral anti-α,β-diamino acid derivatives through tandem orthogonal organocatalysis has been developed. Chiral phosphoric acid catalysts control the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective addition of hydroxylamines to alkylideneoxazolones, while a phosphine catalyst promotes the isomerization of Z- alkylideneoxazolones to the more reactive E- alkylideneoxazolones.
The Patient's Opinion for the Presence of Medical Students in Ambulatory Care (2003)

The aim of this study was to report the patient's opinion of the presence of medical students in ambulatory care, and to find out which factors were related with the outpatient's feelings and opinion.
Functional Modeling of the ACVR1 (R206H) Mutation in FOP (2007)

Individuals with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva are born with malformations of the great toes and develop a heterotopic skeleton during childhood because of an identical heterozygous mutation in the glycine-serine activation domain of ACVR1, a bone morphogenetic protein type I receptor. Substitution of adenine for guanine at nucleotide 617 replaces an evolutionarily conserved arginine with histidine at residue 206 of ACVR1 in all classically affected individuals, making this one of the most highly conserved disease-causing mutations in the human genome. To better understand the molecular constraints and physiological implications of this mutation, we performed in silico modeling of wild-type and mutant ACVR1. In both the wild-type ACVR1 model and template crystal structures (TbetaRI), the conserved arginine appears to form a salt bridge with an invariant aspartate residue. Although lysine, a conservative substitution in BMPRIA and BMPRIB, can be readily accommodated, histidine at residue 206 (like in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva) would participate in a salt bridge with the aspartate only at decreased intracellular pH and with extensive structural rearrangement. Protein modeling predicts that substitution with histidine, and only histidine, creates a pH-sensitive switch within the activation domain of the receptor that leads to ligand-independent activation of ACVR1 in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
Multidisciplinary Approach for Developing a New Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotic System (2006)

The synergy between fundamental science, engineering and medicine is constantly evolving while providing physicians with better tools and techniques for delivering patients effective health care. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) revolutionized the way in which a number of surgical procedures are performed resulting in quicker postoperative recovery times. Surgical robotics provides a new paradigm to further improve MIS interventions. As part of an extensive experimental protocol, the kinematics and the dynamics of MIS tools were acquired from 30 surgeons who performed seven different minimally invasive surgical tasks. These tasks included tissue manipulation, tissue dissection and suturing in-vivo while using the Blue Dragon system and a porcine model. This database served as a design specification for a kinematic optimization of a spherical surgical robotic manipulator. Following the optimization that determined key geometrical dimensions of the robot, a 7-DOF cable-actuated surgical manipulator was designed and integrated, providing all the degrees of freedom of manual MIS as well as wrist joints located at the surgical end-effector. The surgical robotic system is teleoperated utilizing a single bi-directional UDP socket via a remote master device. This multidisciplinary approach of designing and optimizing the surgical robotic system will lead to a seamless integration into the operating room of the future
Probing the Thymidylate Synthase Active site with Bisubstrate Analog Inhibitors (1988)

Abstract Earlier reports on the enhancement of folate analog binding to thymidylate synthase (TS) by N10-propargylation prompted the synthesis of a bisubstrate analog containing an 8-deaza-N10-propargyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate moiety coupled through a methylene linkage to 2′-deoxyuridylate.
Risk Factors in the Development of Coronary Heart Disease. Six Year Follow-up Experience—The Framingham Study. (1961)

s1 May 1961Risk Factors in the Development of Coronary Heart Disease. Six Year Follow-up Experience—The Framingham Study.W. B. Kannel, M.D., (Assoc.), T. R. Dawber, M.D., F.A.C.P., A. Kagan, M.D., F.A.C.P., N. Revotskie, M.D., J. Stokes III, M.D., (Assoc.)W. B. Kannel, M.D., (Assoc.), T. R. Dawber, M.D., F.A.C.P., A. Kagan, M.D., F.A.C.P., N. Revotskie, M.D., J. Stokes III, M.D., (Assoc.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1035_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFactors possibly related to the development of coronary heart disease were studied prospectively in a sample (ages 30-59) of a town's population. One hundred eighty-six individuals (125 men and 61 women) developed manifestations of coronary heart disease (36.3 per 1,000) during six years' observation following the initial examination of the 5,127 subjects initially free of such manifestations.In the age range of 30-44, there were 34 cases, with a male: female incidence ratio of 13-1; in the age range 45-62 the ratio in 152 cases decreased to approximately 2:1.Men had more serious diseases than women but incidence rates for... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPreventive Cardiology and Risk Assessment: Beyond LDLEnvironmental and Other Risk Indicators in the Aetiology of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1035-1035KeywordsCoronary heart diseaseMedical risk factors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Characterization of antibiotic resistance in commensal bacteria from an aquaculture ecosystem (2015)

The objective of the study was to improve the understanding of antibiotic resistance (AR) ecology through characterization of antibiotic-resistant commensal isolates associated with an aquaculture production system. A total of 4767 isolates non-susceptible to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Sul/Tri), tetracycline (Tet), erythromycin (Erm), or cefotaxime (Ctx), originated from fish, feed, and environmental samples of an aquaculture farm with no known history of antibiotic applications were examined. Close to 80% of the isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance in media containing the corresponding antibiotics, and representative AR genes were detected in various isolates by PCR, with feed isolates had the highest positive rate detected. Identified AR gene carriers involved 18 bacterial genera. Selected AR genes led to acquired resistance in other bacteria by transformation. The AR traits in many isolates were stable in the absence of selective pressure. AR-rich feed and possibly environmental factors may contribute to AR in the aquaculture ecosystem. For minimum inhibitory concentration test, brain heart infusion medium was found more suitable for majority of the bacteria examined than cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton broth, with latter being the recommended medium for clinical isolates by standard protocol. The data indicated a need to update the methodology due to genetic diversity of microbiota for better understanding of the AR ecology.
PTHrP expression in chick sternal chondrocytes is regulated by TGF‐β through Smad‐mediated signaling (2001)

PTHrP regulates the rate of chondrocyte differentiation during endochondral bone formation. The expression of PTHrP and its regulation by TGF-beta, BMP-2, and PTHrP was examined in upper sternal chondrocytes following 1, 3, and 5 days of continuous treatment. While TGF-beta stimulated the expression of PTHrP (5-fold), PTHrP caused a slight inhibition, and BMP-2 markedly inhibited PTHrP mRNA expression. The effect of these factors on PTHrP expression was not simply related to the maturational state of the cells, since BMP-2 increased, while both PTHrP and TGF-beta decreased the expression of type X collagen. TGF-beta isoforms 1, 2, and 3 all stimulated PTHrP expression. Signaling events involved in the induction of PTHrP by TGF-beta were further evaluated in a PTHrP-promoter CAT construct. The effect of TGF-beta, BMP-2, and PTHrP on the PTHrP-promoter paralleled their effects on mRNA expression, with TGF-beta significantly increasing CAT activity, BMP-2 decreasing CAT activity, and PTHrP having a minimal effect. Co-transfection of the TGF-beta signaling molecule, Smad 3, mimicked the effect of TGF-beta (induction of PTHrP promoter), while dominant negative Smad 3 inhibited the induction of the PTHrP promoter by TGF-beta. Furthermore, infection with a Smad 3-expressing retrovirus mimicked the effects of exogenously added TGF-beta, and induced PTHrP mRNA expression in the infected chondrocyte culture. In contrast, a dominant negative Smad 3 completely inhibited PTHrP promoter stimulation by TGF-beta, but only partially blocked the effect of TGF-beta on PTHrP mRNA synthesis. These findings demonstrate that PTHrP is expressed in chondrocytes undergoing endochondral ossification, and show regulation, at least in part, by TGF-beta through Smad mediated signaling events.
Automatic modeling of knee joint motion for the virtual reality dynamic anatomy (VRDA) tool. (1999)

A system for automatic modeling of anatomical joint motion for use in the Virtual Reality Dynamic Anatomic (VRDA) tool is described. The modeling method described in this article relies on collision detection. An original incremental algorithm use this information to achieve stable positions and orientations of the tibia on the femur for each angle considered between these two components on the range of motion. The stable states then become the basis for a look-up table employed in the animation of the motion of the joint. The strength of the method lies in its robustness to animate any "normal" anatomical joint, given a set of kinematic constraints for the joint type as well as an accurate 3D geometric model of the joint. The demonstration could be patient specific (based on a person's real anatomical data from an imaging procedure such as CT scanning) or scaled from a generic joint based on external patient measurements. The modeling method has been implemented on a generic knee model for use in the VRDA tool.
FAST GOAL NAVIGATION WITH OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE USING A DYNAMIC LOCAL VISUAL MODEL (2005)

We introduce an algorithm for navigation to a goal with obstacle avoidance for the Sony AIBO mobile robot. The algorithm makes use of the robot&apos;s single monocular camera for both localization and obstacle detection. The algorithm alternates between two different navigation modes. When the area in front of the robot is unobstructed, the robot navigates straight towards the goal. When the path is obstructed, the robot will follow the contours of the obstacles until the way is clear. We show how the algorithm...
Liquid Crystal Orientation on Carbon Fibers (1991)

Abstract The orientation of 4-methoxybenzylidene-4′-n-butylaniline (MBBA) on four different carbon fibers has been investigated by X-ray diffraction. The diffraction patterns show that the MBBA liquid crystal is oriented in the direction of the fiber for all of the fibers studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fiber surfaces reveals grooves along the fiber axis which may cause orientation of the MBBA. The degree of MBBA orientation seems independent of the size and parallelism of the grooves. These results suggest that the preparation of composites with oriented polymer matrices is possible by using liquid crystalline monomers.