gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of normal and aspirin platelets on defective secondary aggregation in the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. A test for storage pool deficient platelets. (1972)

Platelets from patients with the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (albinism, accumulation of ceroid-like pigment in bone marrow macrophages and mild hemorrhagic symptoms) and aspirin-treated normal platelets fail to develop irreversible secondary waves of aggregation when exposed to aggregating agents on the platelet aggregometer. The present study demonstrates that equal volumes of Hermansky-Pudlak and aspirin-treated platelets, when mixed together, respond in a biphasic manner comparable to normal cells. Correction of the release defect of aspirin platelets by storage pool deficient Hermansky-Pudlak cells indicates that different mechanisms are involved in the failure of the release reaction in the two cell types. The simple test may serve to distinguish other patients with storage pool deficient platelets from individuals who have taken aspirin or other drugs with an aspirin-like effect on platelet function.
Chemo-enzymic synthesis of guanosine 5′-diphosphomannose (GDP-mannose) and selected analogues (1993)

Guanosine 5′-diphosphomannose (GDP-mannose, 1) has been prepared via two routes from α-D-mannose 1-phosphate 5. The non-enzymic route involves coupling of the phosphate 5 to guanosine 5′-monophosphate dibutyl phosphinothioc anhydride (GMP-anhydride 11) to give compound 1 in 40% yield. The enzymic routes require coupling of compound 5 with guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) catalysed by GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (37% yield).
The geomorphologic structure of hydrologic response (1979)

A unifying synthesis of the hydrologic response of a catchment to surface runoff is attempted by linking the instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) with the geomorphologic parameters of a basin. Equations of general character are derived which express the IUH as a function of Horton's numbers R A , R B , and R L ; an internal scale parameter L Ω and a mean velocity of streamflow v . The IUH is time varying in character both throughout the storm and for different storms. This variability is accounted for by the variability in the mean streamflow velocity. The underlying unity in the nature of the geomorphologic structure is thus carried over to the great variety of hydrologic responses that occur in nature. An approach is initiated to the problem of hydrologic similarity.
Phage Display of Dynamic Covalent Binding Motifs Enables Facile Development of Targeted Antibiotics (2018)

Antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens poses an increasing threat to the wellbeing of our society and urgently calls for new strategies for infection diagnosis and antibiotic discovery. The antibiotic resistance problem at least partially arises from extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Ideally, for the treatment of infection, one would like to use a narrow-spectrum antibiotic that specifically targets and kills the disease-causing strain. This is particularly important considering the commensal bacterial species that are beneficial and sometimes even critical to the health of a human being. In this contribution, we describe a phage display platform that enables rapid identification of peptide probes for specific bacterial strains. The phage library described herein incorporates 2-acetylphenylboronic acid moieties to elicit dynamic covalent binding to the bacterial cell surface. Screening of the library against live bacterial cells yields submicromolar and highly specific binders for clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii that display antibiotic resistance. We further show that the identified peptide probes can be readily converted to bactericidal agents that deliver generic toxins to kill the targeted bacterial strain with high specificity. The phage display platform described here is applicable to a wide array of bacterial strains, paving the way to facile diagnosis and development of strain-specific antibiotics.
Age-related field study for determination of the 95%-detectability of objects under peripheral vision conditions (2017)

The visual tasks consist in perception of presence (detection) of targets. If the luminance of the object to be detected is high enough to achieve 95% detection probability at a distance that is longer than the stopping distance of the vehicle accidents can be avoided. Two different target shapes that occur in road traffic situations are observed in a field study under different eccentricity angles. Two measurement methods, static and dynamic, were developed for determining the visibility distance. Results for the visibility distance based on increment detection contrast are discussed.
Reviews (1968)

Journal Article Reviews Get access BEOWULF 3150–55: TEXTKRITIK UND EDITIONSGESCHICHTE , by Tilman Westphalen . Munich : Wilhelm Fink Verlag , 1967 ; pp. xii, 382 (7 plates); folding tables; D.M. 84.00. A. J. BLISS A. J. BLISS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 15, Issue 4, April 1968, Pages 149–150, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/15-4-149 Published: 01 April 1968
Eddy flux and leaf‐level measurements of biogenic VOC emissions from mopane woodland of Botswana (2003)

Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions were measured in a mopane woodland near Maun, Botswana in January–February 2001 as part of SAFARI 2000. This landscape is comprised of more than 95% of one woody plant species, Colophospermum mopane (Caesalpinaceae). Mopane woodlands extend over a broad area of southern Africa. A leaf cuvette technique was used to determine the emission capacities of the major vegetation and the temperature and light dependence of the emissions. In addition, relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) measurements of BVOC fluxes were made on a flux tower, where net CO 2 emissions were also measured simultaneously. Large light‐dependent emissions of terpenes (mostly α‐pinene and d ‐limonene) were observed from the mopane woodland. The diurnal BVOC emissions were integrated and compared with the CO 2 flux. Monoterpene flux exceeded 3000 μg C m −2 h −1 during the daytime period, comparable to isoprene fluxes and much higher than terpene fluxes measured in most areas. The terpene flux constituted approximately 25% of the diurnal net carbon exchange (CO 2 ) during the experimental period. Other BVOC emissions may also contribute to the carbon exchange.
Expression Patterns of Phenotypic Markers on Lymphocytes from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2-Infected Baboons (2003)

The development of AIDS in HIV-1-infected humans is associated with profound changes in the expression patterns of lymphocyte phenotypic markers associated with increased immune activation and with decreased recall immune responses. In assessing these immunologic changes in an animal model, we characterized the expression patterns of immune activation markers on lymphocyte subsets during the acute, chronic, and end stages of HIV-2 infection in baboons. Using flow cytometry, we identified 21 human-specific monoclonal antibodies that were cross-reactive with baboon lymphocytes; however, expression of only 2 of these markers was altered significantly after HIV-2 infection. We found an increase in baboon class II antigen (as measured by anti-HLA-DR) in the CD4(+) T cell subset within 8 weeks of infection (p = 0.045). Moreover, after 1 year of infection, CD11b was downregulated on CD8(+) T lymphocytes (p = 0.027). This downregulation of CD11b was consistently observed in all of the groups of baboons that were chronically infected with three different HIV-2 isolates. In addition, we found substantial downregulation of the interleukin 2 receptor (CD25) and upregulation of class II antigen on CD8(+) lymphocytes in a baboon with an AIDS-like disease. These and other phenotypic markers of immune activation may facilitate characterization of the immunopathogenesis of AIDS in nonhuman primate animal models.
Multipoint attachment to a support protects enzyme from inactivation by organic solvents: α‐Chymotrypsin in aqueous solutions of alcohols and diols (1990)

Inactivation of alpha-chymotrypsin in aqueous solutions of alcohols and diols proceeds both reversibly and irreversibly. Reversible loss of the specific enzyme activity results from conformational changes (unfolding) of the enzyme detected by fluorescence spectroscopy. Multipoint covalent attachment to the matrix of polyacryl-amide gel by copolymerization method stabilizes alpha-chymotrypsin from denaturation by alcohols, the stabilizing effect increasing with the number of bonds between the protein and the support. Immobilization protects the enzyme also from irreversible inactivation by organic solvents resulting from bimolecular aggregation and autolysis.
Control of retroviral RNA splicing through maintenance of suboptimal processing signals. (1990)

The full-length retroviral transcript serves as genomic RNA for progeny virions, as an mRNA for structural proteins and enzymes, and as a pre-mRNA substrate for splicing that yields subgenomic mRNAs that encode other essential proteins. Thus, RNA splicing to form subgenomic mRNAs must be incomplete or regulated in order to preserve some of the full-length transcripts. We have used the avian sarcoma virus system to delineate the viral functions that are required in the regulation of the splicing event that forms the envelope glycoprotein (env) subgenomic mRNA. We observed previously that a specific insertion mutation just 5' of the env splice acceptor site resulted in nearly complete splicing to form env mRNA and a concomitant replication defect which is presumably due to a deficit of the full-length transcript. Replication-competent pseudorevertants contained second-site mutations that restored splicing control, and these mapped either just upstream or downstream of the env splice acceptor site. In this report, we show that splicing control at this site does not require expression of any known viral replication protein(s), nor does it appear to require the viral splice donor site. From these results and analysis of additional splicing mutations obtained by in vivo selection, we conclude that splicing is controlled through the maintenance of suboptimal cis-acting signals in the viral RNA that alter the efficiency of recognition by the cellular splicing machinery.
Pyrrolidine-5,5-<i>trans</i>-lactams. 4. Incorporation of a P3/P4 Urea Leads to Potent Intracellular Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease (2003)

[reaction: see text] In this, the first of two Letters, we describe how a P3/P4 urea linking unit was used to greatly enhance the biochemical and replicon potency of inhibitors based upon the pyrrolidine-5,5-trans-lactam template. Compound 7b demonstrated a 100 nM IC(50) in the replicon cell-based surrogate HCV assay.
Identification of the bovine herpesvirus 1 circ protein, a myristylated and virion-associated polypeptide which is not essential for virus replication in cell culture (1994)

We have recently reported immediate-early (IE) transcription over covalently joined genome ends of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1). A spliced 1.5-kb IE RNA (IER1.5) is coterminal with an unspliced 1.1-kb late RNA (LR1.1) which is transcribed from the left end of the genome. Sequence analysis reveals an open reading frame common to IER1.5 and LR1.1 predicted to encode the 247-amino-acid circ polypeptide. This paper reports on the identification of circ as a protein. Using a rabbit antiserum raised against a synthetic oligopeptide representing the carboxy terminus of the predicted circ polypeptide for Western blot (immunoblot) analyses and immunofluorescence assays, we identified a 34-kDa virion-associated protein which accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells. To confirm that LR1.1 indeed encoded the 34-kDa polypeptide, we inserted a DNA fragment containing circ coding sequences into the Autographa californica baculovirus genome. A group of recombinant polypeptides with sizes of 32, 34, and 35 kDa were identified by their reactivity with the antipeptide serum. Chicken egg yolk antibodies raised against total proteins of insect cells infected with the recombinant baculovirus identified the 34-kDa circ protein specified by BHV-1. The recombinant circ polypeptides and the circ protein specified by BHV-1 were both myristylated, as determined by radiolabeling with [3H]myristic acid. It was noted that the circ gene could be deleted from the BHV-1 genome without impairing virus replication in cell culture.
Identification of Liver Cancer-Specific Aptamers Using Whole Live Cells (2008)

Liver cancer is the third most deadly cancers in the world. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment. One of the major problems is that most cancers are diagnosed in the later stage, when surgical resection is not feasible. Thus, accurate early diagnosis would significantly improve the clinical outcome of liver cancer. Currently, there are no effective molecular probes to recognize biomarkers that are specific for liver cancer. The objective of our current study is to identify liver cancer cell-specific molecular probes that could be used for liver cancer recognition and diagnosis. We applied a newly developed cell-SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) method for the generation of molecular probes for specific recognition of liver cancer cells. The cell-SELEX uses whole live cells as targets to select aptamers (designed DNA/RNA) for cell recognition. In generating aptamers for liver cancer recognition, two liver cell lines were used: a liver cancer cell line BNL 1ME A.7R.1 (MEAR) and a noncancer cell line, BNL CL.2 (BNL). Both cell lines were originally derived from Balb/cJ mice. Through multiple rounds of selection using BNL as a control, we have identified a panel of aptamers that specifically recognize the cancer cell line MEAR with Kd in the nanomolar range. We have also demonstrated that some of the selective aptamers could specifically bind liver cancer cells in a mouse model. There are two major new results (compared with our reported cell-SELEX methodology) in addition to the generation of aptamers specifically for liver cancer. The first one is that our current study demonstrates that cell-based aptamer selection can select specific aptamers for multiple cell lines, even for two cell lines with minor differences (MEAR cell is derived from BNL by chemical inducement); and the second result is that cell-SELEX can be used for adhesive cells and thus open the door for solid tumor selection and investigation. The newly generated cancer-specific aptamers hold great promise as molecular probes for cancer early diagnosis and basic mechanism studies.
The Development of A New, Rapid, Amperometric Immunosensor for the Detection of Low Concentrations of Bacteria Part I: Design of the Detection System and Applications (2005)

A portable, flow-through amperometric immunoassay system utilizing a newly designed immunosensor has been developed for the detection of bacteria. A sandwich scheme of immunoassay involving two stages of immunoreaction was employed using Escherichia coli as a model. E. coli antibodies were immobilized on Toray carbon paper to create a disposable immunofiltration membrane. Detection of the bacteria was achieved through the use of horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibodies, which, when coupled with a substrate of hydrogen peroxide and sodium iodide, yielded an electro-reduction, on the order of microamps, which was measured amperometrically. The immunosensor is highly sensitive and selective through the use of the disposable immunofiltration membranes that also function as immunoelectrodes, which enhance the rate of the immunoreaction due to the high surface to volume ratio of the solid to liquid phases. Potential commercialization through easier sample preparation and higher reproducibility of this system was a major objective, so the design highlights simplicity along with functionality. Preliminary data shows concentrations as low as 50 cell/mL can be detected in 22 min. Bacteria can be detected but not quantified over the desired working range of 50-1000 cell/mL. Optimization of the system parameters must be completed in order to ensure correct functionality of the sensor over the desired range of detection.
Moliere's “Poststructuralism”: Demolition of Transcendentalist Discourse in<i>Le Tartuffe</i> (1990)

(1990). Moliere's “Poststructuralism”: Demolition of Transcendentalist Discourse in Le Tartuffe. Symposium: A Quarterly Journal in Modern Literatures: Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 37-57.
Is Nanotechnology Dangerous? (2000)

As co-founder and chief scientist of Sun Microsystems, Bill Joy can match technophile credentials with anybody on the planet. So when he argued that research into nanotechnology and other fields should be stopped before it wipes out humanity, humanity took notice. But most researchers think he's overstating the case.
A Facile Method for the Synthesis of Thiocarbamates:  Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of Disulfide, Amine, and Carbon Monoxide (2005)

A new method for the synthesis of thiocarbamates has been developed. When dialkyl or diaryl disulfides were allowed to react with secondary amines and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytic amount of a palladium complex, the thiocarbamates were obtained in moderate to good yields. In contrast to that of secondary amines, in the reaction of a primary amine, no formation of thiocarbamate was confirmed, but urea was formed in good yield.
Differences in chemosensitivity between primary and paired metastatic lung cancer tissues: In vitro analysis based on the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug test (CD-DST). (2012)

The sensitivities of the paired metastatic lesions to some anticancer drugs were significantly lower than those of the primary lesions. When performing chemotherapy based on CD-DST data using primary tumors from patients with postoperative recurrence, an appropriate regimen can be selected by carefully considering these differences.
Two-wavelength quadrature multipoint detection of partial discharge in power transformers using fiber Fabry-Perot acoustic sensors (2012)

A reliable and low-cost two-wavelength quadrature interrogating method has been developed to demodulate optical signals from diaphragm-based Fabry-Perot interferometric fiber optic sensors for multipoint partial discharge detection in power transformers. Commercial available fused-silica parts (a wafer, a fiber ferrule, and a mating sleeve) and a cleaved optical single mode fiber were bonded together to form an extrinsic Fabry-Perot acoustic sensor. Two lasers with center wavelengths separated by a quarter of the period of sensor interference fringes were used to probe acousticwave- induced diaphragm vibration. A coarse wavelength-division multiplexing (CWDM) add/drop multiplexer was used to separate the reflected two wavelengths before two photo detectors. Optical couplers were used to distribute mixed laser light to each sensor-detector module for multiplexing purpose. Sensor structure, detection system design and experiment results are presented.
Correlation of HF interference spectra with range (1981)

The variation of HF interference spectra with distance on the surface of the earth has been studied by computer simulation and a field experiment. A computer model of the earth and the ionosphere over Europe has been constructed with randomly positioned transmitting stations. The received sky-wave-signal spectrum was then monitored as the receiving location was moved by up to 500km. In the field experiment, voice-channel interference was recorded at five receiving stations with separations up to 430km. The recordings were analysed spectrally and compared. Generally, good correlation of spectra at different receiving sites were observed in both the simulation and the field experiments. In both cases, the results were obtained using receiving aerials appropriate for high-angle sky-wave communication.
Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Popliteal Lymph Node (2012)

Lymph nodes (LNs) are secondary lymphoid organs, which are strategically located throughout the body to allow for trapping and presentation of foreign antigens from peripheral tissues to prime the adaptive immune response. Juxtaposed between innate and adaptive immune responses, the LN is an ideal site to study immune cell interactions. Lymphocytes (T cells, B cells and NK cells), dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages comprise the bulk of bone marrow-derived cellular elements of the LN. These cells are strategically positioned in the LN to allow efficient surveillance of self antigens and potential foreign antigens. The process by which lymphocytes successfully encounter cognate antigens is a subject of intense investigation in recent years, and involves an integration of molecular contacts including antigen receptors, adhesion molecules, chemokines, and stromal structures such as the fibro-reticular network. Prior to the development of high-resolution real-time fluorescent in vivo imaging, investigators relied on static imaging, which only offers answers regarding morphology, position, and architecture. While these questions are fundamental in our understanding of immune cell behavior, the limitations intrinsic with this technique does not permit analysis to decipher lymphocyte trafficking and environmental clues that affect dynamic cell behavior. Recently, the development of intravital two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2P-LSM) has allowed investigators to view the dynamic movements and interactions of individual cells within live LNs in situ. In particular, we and others have applied this technique to image cellular behavior and interactions within the popliteal LN, where its compact, dense nature offers the advantage of multiplex data acquisition over a large tissue area with diverse tissue sub-structures. It is important to note that this technique offers added benefits over explanted tissue imaging techniques, which require disruption of blood, lymph flow, and ultimately the cellular dynamics of the system. Additionally, explanted tissues have a very limited window of time in which the tissue remains viable for imaging after explant. With proper hydration and monitoring of the animal's environmental conditions, the imaging time can be significantly extended with this intravital technique. Here, we present a detailed method of preparing mouse popliteal LN for the purpose of performing intravital imaging.
An algebraic solution to rotation recovery in HARDI from correspondences of orientation distribution functions (2012)

We consider the problem of aligning high angular resolution diffusion images characterized by orientation distribution functions (ODFs). We cast this problem as an optimization problem where we seek the rotation that aligns the source and target ODFs. This rotation induces a linear transformation of the spherical harmonic coefficients of the ODFs, which can be parametrized by the rotation Euler angles. We propose an algebraic approach to estimate this transformation from a number of ODF correspondences. We evaluate the proposed method on synthetic ODFs as well as on a diffusion MR phantom dataset.
Alternative Pathways of Deoxyadenosine and Adenosine Metabolism (1973)

The relative rates of phosphorylation, deamination, and cleavage of deoxyadenosine and adenosine were examined in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells; mouse, human, and sheep erythrocytes;and mouse brain, heart, kidney, and liver.