gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic-based fuzzy clustering for DC-motor friction identification and compensation (1998)

A fuzzy-logic-based model describing the friction present in a DC-motor system is derived. Based on fuzzy clustering techniques, the structure, as well as the premise and consequence parameters are inferred in an off-line manner. The fine-tuning of these parameters is accomplished through a genetic algorithm which minimizes a system modeling relevant functional. The genetic algorithm encodes these parameters as chromosomes, and creates the next generation of fuzzy models through natural selection and survival of the fittest chromosome. This model is used as a feedforward term for tracking purposes of the DC-motor's angular velocity. The proposed feedforward compensation scheme, coupled to a classical feedback controller improves the system's response in typical DC-motor micromaneuvers. Experimental results are offered to validate the performance of the proposed friction fuzzy model and the control technique.
Synthesis of polymer intermediates containing the hexafluoroisopropylidene group via functionalization of 2,2‐diphenylhexafluoropropane (1982)

Abstract The title compound was synthesized by hydrogenolysis of its precursor 2,2‐bis(4‐trifluoromethanesulfonatophenyl)hexafluoropropane ( 2 ) in the presence of a base. 2,2‐Diphenylhexafluoropropane ( 6 ) can be appropriately functionalized at the 3,3′‐positions to give the diamino ( 7 ), dibromo ( 11 ), dicarboxaldehydo ( 13 ), 3‐ethynyl‐3′‐carboxaldehydo ( 14 ) derivatives which are important monomers in the synthesis of various high‐temperatures resistant polymers and oligomers containing the hexafluoroisopropylidene (6F) group. 2,2‐Bis(4‐triflatophenyl)hexafluoropropane ( 2 ) undergoes quantitative dinitration at the 3,3′‐positions to yield 2,2‐bis(3‐nitro‐4‐triflatophenyl)hexafluoropropane ( 3 ) which ultimately leads to the 3,3′‐diamino‐4,4′‐bis(arylamino) ( 5 ) and 3,3′‐diamino‐4,4′‐dihydroxy ( 8 ) derivatives which are specifically designed for phenylbenzimidazole, benzimidazoquinazoline, and benzoxazole polymers and oligomers.
Micromachining with femtosecond 250-nm laser pulses (2000)

Laser micromachining is a flexible technique for precision patterning of surfaces in microelectronics, microelectromechanical devices and integrated optical devices. Typical applications include drilling of holes, cutting of conducting lines or shaping of micro component surfaces. The resolution, edge finish and residual damage to the surrounding and underlying structures depend on a variety of parameters including laser energy, intensity, pulse width and wavelength. Femtosecond pulses are of particular interest because the limited time of interaction limits the lateral expansion of the plasma and the inward propagation of the heat front. Thus, very small spot size can be achieved and minimal heating and damage of underlying layers can be obtained. An additional advantage of femtosecond pulses is that multiphoton absorption leads to efficient coupling of energy to many materials independent of the linear reflectivity of the surface. Thus metals and transmitting dielectrics, which are difficult to micromachine, may be machined with such pulses. The coupling is improved further by employing ultraviolet wavelength laser pulses where the linear absorption typically is much higher than for visible and infrared laser pulses. To explore these advantages, we have initiated a study of the interaction of 250nm femtosecond laser pulses with metals. The laser pulses are obtained by generating the third harmonic from a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser operating at 750nm. The pulses are focused to various intensities in the range of 1010Wcm2 to 1015 Wcm2 using reflective and refractive microscope objectives and ablation thresholds and ablation rates have been determined for a few metals. In addition the ability to control feature size and produce submicron holes and lines have been investigated. The results are presented and compared to results obtained using infrared and visible femtosecond laser pulses.
Comparison of multiresonant half-bridge DC-DC converters for high voltage and high output power (2003)

Two multiresonant zero voltage switching (ZVS) half-bridge converters for high input and output voltages are compared: the multiresonant, series-loaded, half-bridge converter and the series-parallel-loaded, multiresonant, half-bridge converter. Both converters use capacitive output filters, solving the problem of high reverse recovery losses associated with hard turn-off transients of the rectifier diodes. The comparison is based on a state space analysis of the converters. The effects of the parasitic switch capacitances are considered. Optimum design criteria for minimum component stress of both converters are derived. Thus, the ratings of all components are minimized and the efficiency of the converters is enhanced considerable. The advantages of the converters are compared using voltage gain characteristics and stress characteristics. Practical applications of both converters are presented and verified in experimental prototypes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SiC Epitaxial Layer Growth in a 6x150 mm Warm-Wall Planetary Reactor (2012)

Initial results are presented for SiC-epitaxial growths employing a novel 6x150-mm/10x100-mm Warm-Wall Planetary Vapor-Phase Epitaxial (VPE) Reactor. The increased areal throughput offered by this reactor and 150-mm diameter wafers, is intended to reduce the cost per unit area for SiC epitaxial layers, increasing the market penetration of already successful commercial SiC Schottky and MOSFET devices [1]. Growth rates of 20 micron/hr and short <2 hr fixed-cycle times (including rapid heat-up and cool-down ramps), while maintaining desirable epitaxial layer quality were achieved. No significant change in 150 mm diameter wafer shape is observed upon epitaxial growth consistent with good-quality, low-stress substrates and low (<5°C) cross-wafer epitaxial reactor temperature variation. Specular epitaxial layer morphology was obtained, with morphological defect densities consistent with projected 5x5 mm die yields as high as 80% and surface roughness, Ra, of 0.3 nm. Intrawafer thickness uniformity is good, averaging only 1.6% and within a run wafer-to-wafer thickness variation is 2.7%. N-type background doping densities less that 1E14 cm-3 have been measured by CV. Doping uniformity and wafer-to-wafer variation currently average ~12% requiring further improvement. The first 100 m thick 150-mm diameter epitaxial growths are reported.
A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF DILTIAZEM AND KETOCONAZOLE (1994)

A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the effect of diltiazem (DILT) with ketoconazole (KETO) on sparing of cyclosporine dose and renal transplant outcome. Renal allograft recipients 18 years old and older were eligible for the study. Triple immunosuppression (TRIPLE) including prednisone, azathioprine, and CsA was administered to all patients. The maintenance CsA dose varied by study group. Patients were randomized to receive one of three treatment strategies: group 1-TRIPLE (CsA 8 mg/kg/day); group 2--TRIPLE (CsA 6 mg/kg/day) + DILT (60 mg b.i.d.); group 3--TRIPLE (CsA 3 mg/kg/day) + KETO (200 mg/day). Modification of the DILT dose was allowed as needed to effect blood pressure control in group 2 patients. Mean 1-month CsA dose reductions were 30% and 60% of controls in group 2 and 3, respectively. A continued effect over time was observed in patients administered KETO but not DILT. At 1 year patients taking KETO required an average of 77% less CsA than the average dose necessary to effect similar parent CsA blood levels when no enzyme inhibitor was used. The use of KETO and DILT for 1 year allowed for 53% and 14% reductions in CsA cost, respectively. These savings include the cost of the KETO or DILT. Serum creatinines, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and incidence of liver function abnormalities were similar throughout treatment groups. The rate of rejection, time to rejection onset, and survival (GS/PS) were not different among the groups. Fungal infections were fewer in patients treated with KETO (12%) than in controls (16%) and patients randomized to DILT (19%). KETO failed to prevent Aspergillus infection in one individual. The investigation failed to identify any harmful result of treating renal allograft recipients with either DILT or KETO for the purpose of reducing CsA expense.
Production and Harvest of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus-Based Lentiviral Vector from Cells Grown in T75 Tissue-Culture Flasks (2011)

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-based lentiviral vectors are useful for introducing integrated transgenes into nondividing human cells. This protocol describes the production and harvesting of vector from cells grown in T75 tissue-culture flasks. The methods are for production for basic science laboratory use and in vivo experimentation. They do not meet standards for clinical-grade (good manufacturing practice [GMP]) production.
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test In Image Processing (1981)

The application of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, non-parametric statistical tests to image processing is presented. Examples are shown for image segmentation and target detection in a series of thermal infrared (8 to 14m) images. Advantages of real-time operation are discussed.
Pharmacological Properties of Myrtacine® and Its Potential Value in Acne Treatment (2011)

This study aimed at evaluating the antiproliferative, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanolic myrtle extract (Myrtacine®) in vitro, characterising its potential active compounds (myrtucommulones A and B') by structural analysis, and evaluating their biological activity. Antiproliferative activity was assessed by the BrdU incorporation assay in HaCat keratinocytes and inhibitory and bactericidal activities against P. ACNES strains by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and D value. Anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by measuring 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 α and [³H]-arachidonic acid metabolite production in keratinocytes stimulated for inflammation. Myrtacine® inhibited keratinocyte proliferation by 27 % and 76 % at 1 and 3 µg/mL, respectively (p < 0.001). A comparable effect, though less marked, was observed with 5 µg/mL myrtucommulones A and B' (-36 % and -28 %, respectively). Myrtacine® inhibited erythromycin-sensible and -resistant P. ACNES strains growth with MICs of 4.9 µg/mL and 2.4 µg/mL, respectively. Myrtucommulone B' and myrtucommulone A displayed a similar inhibitory activity against both strains (for both strains, MIC = 1.2 µg/mL and about 0.5 µg/mL, respectively). At 3 and 10 µg/mL, Myrtacine® significantly decreased all metabolite production from cyclooxygenase (81 % and 107 %, p < 0.0001) and lipoxygenase (52 % and 95 %, p < 0.001) pathways. Finally, Myrtacine® exhibited a concentration-dependent anti-lipase activity at 100 µg/mL and 1 mg/mL, as it decreased lipase activity by respectively 53 % and 100 % (p < 0.01 for both). In conclusion, in vitro, Myrtacine® demonstrated antiproliferative, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties that may be of value to exert a global action in the treatment of acne lesions.
Application of the C4'-Alkylated Deoxyribose Primer System (CAPS) in Allele-Specific Real-Time PCR for Increased Selectivity in Discrimination of Single Nucleotide Sequence Variants (2003)

This study describes a quantitative real-time PCR-based approach for discrimination of single nucleotide sequence variants, called CAPS (C4' alkylated primer system). To increase the discrimination potential of DNA polymerases against competing sequence variants of single nucleotides, 3'-terminally modified primers were designed carrying a methyl residue bound to the C4' of the thymidylate deoxyribose. In a model sequence system positional dependencies of modified thymidylate (at -1, -2, -3) were tested for their influence on discrimination. Highest discrimination factors were obtained with the modification at the ultimate 3'-position. In a comparison between Taq and Pwo DNA polymerases, substantial better results were obtained by Taq DNA polymerase. In contrast to conventional PCR methods for discrimination of sequence variants, achieving a maximum discrimination potential of about 20, CAPS is capable of obtaining sequence-specific amplifications of a desired target among discriminated templates with a dynamic range of 1:100. Therefore, CAPS is a method able to quantitatively discriminate two sequence variants only differing in a single base (e.g., SNP alleles or point mutations). The range of applications of this easy to perform, fast and reliable technique reaches from medical diagnostics, transplantation medicine, molecular and cell biology to human genetics. Targeting of SNPs assures a universal exertion of this method, since these markers are gender-independent, highly abundant and ubiquitous.
Up-regulation of c-<i>myc</i> induces the gene expression of the murine homologues of p34cdc2 and cyclin-dependent kinase-2 in T lymphocytes. (1994)

The expression and/or up-regulation of several early T cell activation genes is dependent on signals transmitted through the interaction of IL-2 and IL-2R well before entry of the cells into S phase. In these studies, murine G0 T cells activated by immobilized anti-CD3 and subsequently blocked in late G1 expressed normal surface levels and mRNA for IL-2R alpha, IL-2R beta, and transferrin receptor (TfR). However, there was no expression of p34cdc2, and cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-2 was not up-regulated even in the presence of exogenous rIL-2. In addition the accumulation of c-myc-specific mRNA and protein was significantly reduced. Pretreatment of G0 T cells with c-myc antisense oligonucleotide effectively reduced the level of specific c-myc protein induced by activation of the cells by immobilized anti-CD3. The presence of antisense c-myc oligonucleotide inhibited the expression of cdc2 and cdk2 without affecting the expression of IL-2R alpha and blocked the activated T cells in the G1 phase. Together these studies demonstrate that c-myc regulates the expression of these cdk and suggest a role for c-myc in the G1/S transition.
The DNA Replication Licensing Factor Miniature Chromosome Maintenance 7 Is Essential for RNA Splicing of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, c-Met, and Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor (2014)

Miniature chromosome maintenance 7 (MCM7) is an essential component of DNA replication licensing complex. Recent studies indicate that MCM7 is amplified and overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies. In this report, we show that MCM7 binds SF3B3. The binding motif is located in the N terminus (amino acids 221-248) of MCM7. Knockdown of MCM7 or SF3B3 significantly increased unspliced RNA of epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and c-Met. A dramatic drop of reporter gene expression of the oxytocin exon 1-intron-exon 2-EGFP construct was also identified in SF3B3 and MCM7 knockdown PC3 and DU145 cells. The MCM7 or SF3B3 depleted cell extract failed to splice reporter RNA in in vitro RNA splicing analyses. Knockdown of SF3B3 and MCM7 leads to an increase of cell death of both PC3 and DU145 cells. Such cell death induction is partially rescued by expressing spliced c-Met. To our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting that MCM7 is a critical RNA splicing factor, thus giving significant new insight into the oncogenic activity of this protein.
Ant-Inspired Mini-Community-Based Solution for Video-On-Demand Services in Wireless Mobile Networks (2014)

Highly efficient distribution and management of media resources and fast content discovery are key determinants for mobile peer-to-peer video-on-demand solutions, especially in wireless mobile networks. Virtual communities making use of users' common characteristics such as interest and interaction to describe the boundary of sharing content and objects are a promising avenue for high-efficiency resource sharing. In this paper, we propose a novel ant-inspired mini-community-based video sharing solution for on-demand streaming services in wireless mobile networks (AMCV). AMCV relies on a newly designed two layer architecture and on an algorithm inspired from the indirect communication between ants via pheromone trails which enables them to discover and use shortest paths. The architecture is composed of a mini-community network layer and a community member layer. The ant-inspired algorithm enables finding the common interest of users in video content within large amounts of pseudo disorderly interactive behavior data. AMCV proposes an ant colony optimization-based community communication strategy that dynamically bridges communities to support fast search for resources. AMCV achieves high scalability by making use of a designed community maintenance mechanism to uniformly distribute the maintenance cost of members and resources in the community, according to various member roles. Simulation-based testing shows how AMCV outperforms another state-of- the-art solution in terms of a wide set of performance metrics.
Template‐Free Synthesis and Assembly of Single‐Crystalline Tungsten Oxide Nanowires and their Gas‐Sensing Properties (2005)

A nonaqueous approach that involves the reaction of tungsten isopropoxide with benzyl alcohol leads to tungsten oxide nanowire bundles without the use of any additional structure-directing templates. The bundles consist of crystalline nanowires with highly uniform diameters of about 1 nm and aspect ratios exceeding 500 (see picture). Gas-sensing tests show a high sensitivity to NO2. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z502823_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Protection Policy and Changing Comparative Advantage in Korean Agriculture (1984)

Agricultural and Food Policy, International Development
Direct Cylinder System of Hot Water Supply (1970)

When central heating is not installed the direct cylinder system of hot water supply may be used.
Power management techniques for mobile communication (1998)

Article Power management techniques for mobile communication Share on Authors: Robin Kravets College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology 801 Atlantic Drive Atlanta, GA College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology 801 Atlantic Drive Atlanta, GAView Profile , P. Krishnan Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 101 Crawfords Corner Rd., Holmdel, NJ Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 101 Crawfords Corner Rd., Holmdel, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims MobiCom '98: Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networkingOctober 1998 Pages 157–168https://doi.org/10.1145/288235.288276Online:25 October 1998Publication History 137citation3,153DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations137Total Downloads3,153Last 12 Months52Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Selecting manual regression test cases automatically using trace link recovery and change coverage (2014)

Regression tests ensure that existing functionality is not impaired by changes to an existing software system. However, executing complete test suites often takes much time. Therefore, a subset of tests has to be found that is sufficient to validate whether the system under test is still valid after it has been changed. This test case selection is especially important if regression tests are executed manually, since manual execution is time intensive and costly. To select manual test cases, many regression testing techniques exist that aim on achieving coverage of changed or even new code. Many of these techniques base on coverage data from prior test runs or logical properties such as annotated pre and post conditions in the source code. However, coverage information becomes outdated if a system is changed extensively. Also annotated logical properties are often not available in industrial software systems. We present an approach for test selection that is based on static analyses of the test suite and the system's source code. We combine trace link recovery using latent semantic indexing with the metric change coverage, which assesses the coverage of source code changes. The proposed approach works automatically without the need to execute tests beforehand or annotate source code. Furthermore, we present a first evaluation of the approach.
Effects of erase source bias on Flash EPROM device reliability (1995)

This paper is concerned with the effects of the source bias during the erase operation on the reliability of Flash EPROM devices. It will be shown that positive charge in the tunnel oxide, mostly generated by the erase operation, is a major cause of the unintentional charge loss/gain mechanisms that disturb the data content of the memory cell. The effects of the erase source bias are evaluated in the context of the positive oxide charge generation and the resulting enhancement of the gate current that causes the data loss. An optimal source bias during erase, around 2 V for our samples, is shown to cause the least positive oxide charge. A model based on the band-to-band tunneling-induced hole generation in Si and subsequent hole injection during the erase operation is presented and discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A 2-stage 150W 2.2GHz dual path LDMOS RF power amplifier for high efficiency applications (2008)

This paper presents a dual path 150W Silicon LDMOS 2-stage RF power amplifier designed for WCDMA at 2.2GHz. This device is capable of handling 2 times the UMTS band with flat RF performance. Under a 1 tone CW stimulus, this power amplifier delivers 150W with a power added efficiency of 47% and 29dB linear gain. A 2-stage compact Doherty amplifier constructed of an “in-package” 2 × 75W architecture is also presented, showing the versatility of this unique design. Using the device in a dual-path configuration, this Doherty circuit delivers an increase in drain efficiency of 9–12 points at 8 dB output backoff from P3dB compression, compared to a circuit using the device in a 150W, class-AB reference design.
LDPC Convolutional Codes using Layered Decoding Algorithm for High Speed Coherent Optical Transmission (2012)

We successfully realized layered decoding for LDPC convolutional codes designed for application in high speed optical transmission systems. A relatively short code with 20% redundancy was FPGA-emulated with a Q-factor of 5.7dB at BER of 10−15.
Expression and significance of CD44s, CD44v6, and nm23 mRNA in human cancer (2005)

Patients with overexpression of CD44s and CD44v6 and low expression of nm23 mRNA have a higher lymph node metastatic rate and invasion. In addition, overexpression of CD44v6 is closely related to the degree of cell differentiation. Detection of the three genes is able to provide a reliable index to evaluate the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.