gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transmission over EHF mobile satellite channels (1993)

Land mobile satellite communications at Ka-band (30/20 GHz) are attracting an increasing interest among researchers because of the frequency band availability and the possibility of small earth station designs. However, communications at the Ka-band pose significant challenges in the system designs due to severe channel impairments. Because only very limited experimental data for mobile applications at Ka-band is available, this paper studies the channel characteristics based on experimental data at L-band (1.6/1.5 GHz) and the use of frequency scaling. The land mobile satellite communication channel at Ka-band is modelled as log-normal Rayleigh fading channel. The first and second-order statistics of the fading channel are studied. The performance of a coherent BPSK system over the fading channel at L-band and K-band is evaluated theoretically and validated by computer simulations. Conclusions on the communication channel characteristics and system performance at L-band and Ka-band are presented.
Telemetric activity monitoring as an indicator of long-term changes in health and well-being of older people (2005)

Background Supporting independent living for older people is essential not only for the older people themselves, but also for the social and health care sectors. For this reason, there exists a need for unobtrusive telecare and telehealth solutions enabling independent living of the older adults. In this study, we demonstrate how telemetric activity monitoring offers a promising tool for long term monitoring to detect changes in the health status and over-all well-being of older people. Methods A telemetric activity monitoring system integrated with an intelligent social alarm system was used to monitor circadian activity rhythm of elderly nursing home residents (n=16, mean age 85.1 years, range 58-97) for several months. Changes in the activity rhythm were compared with clinical observations of health status of the subjects. The results are given as case reports. Results The results suggest an association between the changes in the actual health status and the circadian activity rhythm. Conclusion Telemetric activity monitoring offers a practical tool for long term monitoring to detect changes in health status in older adults in their normal environments.
Influence of Lyotropic Nematic Host Phases on the Twisting Power of Chiral Dopants (1997)

Abstract The twisting power of several chiral dopants in two host phase classes is investigated under the viewpoint of its dependence on chain length and size of the headgroups of the surfactants. The results are explained qualitatively, using a simple model of intramicellar chiral induction, which is sensitive to flexibilities and lengths of the surfactant chains. Additional hints for this model are given by the temperature dependence of the pitch. It is shown that p(T) of “solid” micelles can be described by a model/formula valid for thermotropic liquid crystals and that deviations become larger if the micelles become more flexible. To interpret the observed temperature dependences, it is speculated that a change of dominance occurs, from sterical chiral interactions to dispersive ones.
Heparinase: in vivo activity and immunogenicity in rabbits. (1983)

Anticoagulation with heparin is required during extracorporeal circulation for hemodialysis and cardiopulmonary bypass as well as during vascular surgery. Reversal of anticoagulation with protamine may be associated with hypotension and rebound anticoagulation and requires stoichiometric doses. Heparinase from Flavobacterium heparinum catalytically degrades heparin and reverses its anticoagulant effect. Heparin was administered to New Zealand White rabbits and plasma levels were assayed with the APTT anticoagulant assay and the azure A chemical assay. Heparinase actively degraded heparin both in vitro in rabbit plasma and in vivo in rabbit blood as determined by both the anticoagulant and chemical assays when compared to control heparin disappearance curves. Antibodies to heparinase were demonstrated by the ELISA technique in rabbits receiving i.v. heparinase. These antibodies, however, did not effect the activity of the enzyme in vitro or in vivo. No toxic effects of heparinase were noted in observations of the animals or in blood and histologic studies. Heparinase, either free or immobilized, may be a useful heparin-reversing agent without the drawbacks of protamine.
Semantic Web Service Composition for Service-Oriented Architectures (2008)

Semantic Web service composition is about finding services from a repository that are able to accomplish a specified task. The task is defined in a form of a composition request which contains a set of available input parameters and a set of wanted output parameters. Instead of the parameter values, concepts from an ontology describing their semantics are passed to the composition engine. The composer works on a repository of services. The parameters of these services are semantically annotated in the same way as the parameters in the request. The composer then finds a set of services fulfilling the request -- the composition. If the input parameters given in the request are provided, the services of this set can be executed and will finally produce the wanted output parameters. In this paper, we introduce our new, improved composition system with which we will take part in the Web Service Challenge 2008.
Electrically Stimulated Increases in Cochlear Blood Flow: II. Evidence of Neural Mediation (1989)

In a companion paper, we reported that electrical stimulation increased cochlear blood flow (CBF). This response was found to be an increasing function of current intensity and was frequency-selective, with the best response at approximately 500 Hz continuous sinusoidal current. The present investigation seeks to discover the mechanism of this effect. Direct measurement of cochlear temperature during electrical stimulation revealed no evidence of local heating. Autonomic neuronal activation is not likely, as neither atropine, hexamethonium, nor propranolol abolished the evoked CBF response. Strial activity could be suppressed by the use of furosemide, but the evoked CBF response persisted. Inactivation of auditory afferent neurons with kainic acid also did not change the evoked CBF response. Dimethyl sulfoxide, a potent oxygen-free radical scavenger, did suppress the evoked CBF response to a small but significant degree. This suggests that oxygen-free radicals may be produced within the cochlea during electrical stimulation. Finally, the evoked CBF response was completely suppressed by procaine and tetrodotoxin, with recovery of evoked CBF response accompanying recovery of cochlear action potentials. These data indicate that stimulation of neural fibers, distinct from autonomic and auditory afferent neurons, may modulate CBF.
Quantitative Urinary Proteome Analysis for Biomarker Evaluation in Chronic Kidney Disease (2008)

A limitation of proteomic methods with respect to their clinical applicability is the lack of possibilities to directly deduce the amount of a protein or peptide from a particular mass spectrometry (MS) spectrum. For quantification of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-specific urinary polypeptides in capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry (CE-MS), we compared signal intensity calibration methods based on either urinary creatinine or stable isotope labeled synthetic marker analogues (absolute quantification) with those based on ion counting using highly abundant collagen fragments as nonmarker references (relative quantification). Our results indicate that relative quantification of biomarker excretion based on ion counts in reference to endogenous "housekeeping" peptides is sufficient for the determination of urinary polypeptide levels. The calculation of absolute concentrations via exogenous stable isotope-labeled peptide standards is of no additional benefit.
Evaluation of Tire Wear Performance (1998)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A method is presented to characterize wear in customer use. The procedure consists sampling 25 to 100 vehicles fitted with production tires for wear. The usage severity of each vehicle is determined. Then, development tires can be placed on a few of these vehicles chosen with the desired wear severity to represent the full range of customer usage correctly. Tread wear is measured in an annual cycle. The method takes into account road surface, weather, driving styles, routes, vehicles and other parameters that each can affect wear by factors of two to ten or more. Tire wear performance is presented as a statistical distribution. Mild, medium and severe usage tire life is highlighted.</div>
Es la prejudicialidad penal una cuestión de oportunidad (2015)

En los ultimos anos se observa en la practica profesional una proliferacion de procedimientos penales cuyo objeto de enjuiciamiento lo constituyen ilicitos que podrian reputarse como meramente civiles. Asi, orillando el principio de «ultima ratio», no pocos supuestos de responsabilidad de administradores, anulabilidad de determinados contratos por consentimiento viciado mediante dolo, o concursos culpables vienen siendo investigados por los organos jurisdiccionales penales, dando lugar a causas por administracion desleal, estafa o concurso punible �uno de los tipos delictivos que mayores modificaciones ha sufrido con la reforma del Codigo Penal que entro en vigor el pasado 1 de julio�.
Selective Activation of Effector Pathways by Brain-specific G Protein β5 (1996)

While multiple G protein beta and gamma subunit isoforms have been identified, the implications of this potential diversity of betagamma heterodimers for signaling through betagamma-regulated effector pathways remains unclear. Furthermore the molecular mechanism(s) by which the betagamma complex modulates diverse mammalian effector molecules is unknown. Effector signaling by the structurally distinct brain-specific beta5 subunit was assessed by transient cotransfection with gamma2 in COS cells and compared with beta1. Transfection of either beta1 or beta5 with gamma2 stimulated the activity of cotransfected phospholipase C-beta2 (PLC-beta2), as previously reported. In contrast, cotransfection of beta1 but not beta5 with gamma2 stimulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways even though the expression of beta5 in COS cells was evident by immunoblotting. The G protein beta5 expressed in transfected COS cells was properly folded as its pattern of stable C-terminal proteolytic fragments was identical to that of native brain beta5. The inability of beta5 to activate the MAPK and JNK pathways was not overcome by cotransfection with three additional Ggamma isoforms. These results suggest it is the Gbeta subunit which determines the pattern of downstream signaling by the betagamma complex and imply that the structural features of the betagamma complex mediating effector regulation may differ among effectors.
Design of symmetric and asymmetric passive 3-branch power dividers by beam propagation method (1988)

Highly accurate models of waveguide devices made by diffusion, in general, can be set up for design calculations, employing the effective index and beam propagation methods. The illustrative example on a symmetric three-branch power divider by K+-ion exchange in glass yields excellent agreement between theoretical calculations and measured results on a fabricated device.
Induction of Immune Responses in Mice after Intragastric Administration of <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> Producing Porcine Parvovirus VP2 Protein (2007)

Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 was selected as an antigen delivery vehicle for mucosal immunization against porcine parvovirus (PPV) infection. A 64-kDa fragment of PPV major protective antigen VP2 protein was used as the parvovirus antigen model. A recombinant Lactobacillus expressing VP2 protein was constructed with plasmid pPG611.1, where expression and localization of the VP2 protein from recombinant Lc393-rPPV-VP2 was detected via sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Both local mucosal and systemic immune responses against PPV were induced in BALB/c mice immunized orally with the recombinant Lactobacillus expressing VP2 protein. The induced antibodies demonstrated neutralizing effects on PPV infection. These data indicated that the use of recombinant lactobacilli could be a valuable strategy for future vaccine development of PPV.
Ramulator: A Fast and Extensible DRAM Simulator (2015)

Recently, both industry and academia have proposed many different roadmaps for the future of DRAM. Consequently, there is a growing need for an extensible DRAM simulator, which can be easily modified to judge the merits of today's DRAM standards as well as those of tomorrow. In this paper, we present Ramulator, a fast and cycle-accurate DRAM simulator that is built from the ground up for extensibility. Unlike existing simulators, Ramulator is based on a generalized template for modeling a DRAM system, which is only later infused with the specific details of a DRAM standard. Thanks to such a decoupled and modular design, Ramulator is able to provide out-of-the-box support for a wide array of DRAM standards: DDR3/4, LPDDR3/4, GDDR5, WIO1/2, HBM, as well as some academic proposals (SALP, AL-DRAM, TL-DRAM, RowClone, and SARP). Importantly, Ramulator does not sacrifice simulation speed to gain extensibility: according to our evaluations, Ramulator is 2.5× faster than the next fastest simulator. Ramulator is released under the permissive BSD license.
Antagonism between apolipoprotein AI regulatory protein 1, Ear3/COUP-TF, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 modulates apolipoprotein CIII gene expression in liver and intestinal cells. (1992)

Apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII), a lipid-binding protein involved in the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol in the plasma, is synthesized primarily in the liver and the intestine. A cis-acting regulatory element, C3P, located at -90 to -66 upstream from the apoCIII gene transcriptional start site (+1), is necessary for maximal expression of the apoCIII gene in human hepatoma (HepG2) and intestinal carcinoma (Caco2) cells. This report shows that three members of the steroid receptor superfamily of transcription factors, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF-4), apolipoprotein AI regulatory protein 1 (ARP-1), and Ear3/COUP-TF, act at the C3P site. HNF-4 activates apoCIII gene expression in HepG2 and Caco2 cells, while ARP-1 and Ear3/COUP-TF repress its expression in the same cells. HNF-4 activation is abolished by increasing amounts of ARP-1 or Ear3/COUP-TF, and repression by ARP-1 or Ear3/COUP-TF is alleviated by increasing amounts of HNF-4. HNF-4 and ARP-1 bind with similar affinities to the C3P site, suggesting that their opposing transcriptional effects may be mediated by direct competition for DNA binding. HNF-4 and ARP-1 mRNAs are present within the same cells in the liver and intestine, and protein extracts from hepatic tissue, HepG2, and Caco2 cells contain significantly more HNF-4 than ARP-1 or Ear3/COUP-TF binding activities. These findings suggest that the transcription of the apoCIII gene in vivo is dependent, at least in part, upon the intracellular balance of these positive and negative regulatory factors.
Identification of D-Sorbitol 3-Phosphate in the Normal and Diabetic Mammalian Lens (1989)

The 31P NMR spectra of mammalian lenses show, in addition to previously identified compounds such as ATP, Pi, glycerophosphorylcholine, and alpha-glycerophosphate, an unusual phosphorylated metabolite resonating at 6.5 ppm. The concentration of this compound increases manyfold in the lenses of diabetic rats concomitant with activation of the aldose reductase pathway. We have purified this material and have identified it as D-sorbitol 3-phosphate. It appears likely that this unusual metabolite of sorbitol may reflect or be part of the metabolic aberration of diabetes in the lens.
The human glutathione S-transferase supergene family, its polymorphism, and its effects on susceptibility to lung cancer. (1992)

Cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a supergene family of dimeric enzymes capable of detoxifying a number of carcinogenic electrophiles. Of the numerous components of tobacco smoke, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons appear to be the principal compounds that yield substrates for these enzymes, GSTM1-1 being effective with those PAH derivatives so far studied; however, the gene locus for GSTM1 is polymorphic, containing two well-characterized expressing genes and a null allele. Use of cDNA for GSTM1-1 or appropriate fragments of genomic clones as probes in Southern blots indicated that the null allele is due to the absence of GSTM1. In preliminary experiments, described here, with lung tissue from smokers, levels of 32P-postlabeled nuclease P1-enhanced DNA adducts were inversely correlated with levels of antigen cross-reacting with antibody to GSTM1-1, suggesting that initiation depends on the expression of GSTM1-1. Since similar quantities of DNA adducts and GSTM1-1 activity have been shown to occur in bronchial and peripheral lung, however, the development of malignancy, which is usually in the bronchial region, presumably depends on additional factors that bring about promotion and progression, which are not necessarily affected by GSTM1 expression. Two epidemiological studies have been carried out in which a possible correlation between the absence of GSTM1 and lung cancer incidence is considered. In the first, involving a U.S. population sample, smokers with and without lung cancer were phenotyped, and a highly significant correlation between the absence of GSTM1-1 activity and adenocarcinoma of the lung was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
3‐D Tactile Image Display (1993)

Much of the work on teleoperation has concentrated on active force and torque feedback between the slave device carrying out the required physical function and the master controller being guided by human hands. This gives the operator a feeling of resistance or damped acceleration when obstacles are encountered or large masses lifted. However, little idea of an object's physical outline or profile can be portrayed by these techniques, and such systems must be augmented by additional vision facilities. Similarly, the aerospace industry is presently developing ever increasingly sophisticated virtual reality environments for pilot training. It is felt that, in addition to visual, audio and torque feedback, some form of tactile feedback would be useful.
A secure SMS protocol for implementing digital cash system (2015)

We propose a digital cash system suitable for low value transactions and a secure SMS protocol based on EC-MQV key agreement protocol and AES encryption algorithm to operate the proposed digital cash system. The key security aspects of the protocol are resilience to SIM cloning, SIM swapping attacks and possible message tampering using a GSM ghost base station. It further provides for 2 factor authentication by using IMSI number as proof of “what you have?” and a user provided password as proof of “what you know?”. The total cost of executing a financial transaction is 2 SMS messages. We use the proposed protocol to implement a digital cash system. We strongly believe such a low cost secure digital cash system can be a boon to extend financial services to people who are left out of regular banking services due to the high cost of providing the same through existing banking and payment solutions. The low communication cost associated with each financial transaction makes it financially viable for handling low value transactions. The proposed protocol was implemented for both android and J2ME mobile phones with an easy to use interface wherein any individual with number literacy can operate. This makes it easy to deploy in less developed economies where literacy is often a challenge.
A politics of language: language as a symbol in the dissolution of the Soviet Union and its aftermath (1996)

Article A politics of language: language as a symbol in the dissolution of the Soviet Union and its aftermath was published on January 1, 1996 in the journal International Journal of the Sociology of Language (volume 1996, issue 118).
The effects of load and force on tremor at the normal human elbow joint (1974)

1. Spontaneous flexion-extension tremor of the elbow was recorded in normal human subjects while they exerted a flexing force against different loads.2. Increases in the flexing force up to (1/2) or (3/4) of the subject's maximum were accompanied by increases in the amplitude of the tremor. A further increase to very large forces was associated with a decrease in tremor.3. When the subject flexed against a spring, the frequency of the tremor was related to the properties of the spring; with increasingly stiff springs the tremor frequency increased up to about 12 Hz. With the stiffest springs, however, the tremor became irregular and very small in amplitude.4. Weights added to the limb at the wrist reduced the frequency of tremor.5. By using appropriate combinations of spring and mass, the principal tremor frequency could be adjusted between 2 and 12 Hz, higher in some subjects. Within this range the frequency(2) was approximately proportional to the spring stiffness/mass, just as it is in a spring-mass system, though the forearm provided some of this mass, and some of the spring-like resistance was in the flexor muscles.6. When by suitable loading the tremor frequency was brought between 8 and 12 Hz, and the subject forcibly flexed his elbow, the tremor became regular and large in amplitude. This was a form of limited instability in the stretch reflex which arose because a powerful reflex response to extension of the elbow acted back on the flexor muscles after a delay.7. When the limb was so loaded that its natural frequency was outside this 8-12 Hz range, it behaved as a filter, and in response to any disturbing noise it oscillated mainly at frequencies close to the natural frequencies of either the mechanical system or the stretch reflex.8. This filtering function of the limb with its stretch reflex probably plays an important part in the control of normal movement and tremor.9. The large flexing forces that were here associated with vigorous tremor normally occur when a limb supports a large mass. Such a mass would give the mechanical system within the limb a low natural frequency; inconveniently large oscillations in the 8-12 Hz range would therefore seldom occur.
Combined fiber probe for fluorescence lifetime and Raman spectroscopy (Conference Presentation) (2016)

Raman spectroscopy has been proven to have tremendous potential as biomedical analytical tool for spectroscopic disease diagnostics. The use of fiberoptic coupled Raman spectroscopy systems can enable in-vivo characterization of suspicious lesions. However, Raman spectroscopy has the drawback of rather long acquisition times of several hundreds of milliseconds which makes scanning of larger regions quite challenging. By combining Raman spectroscopy with a fast imaging technique this problem can be alleviate in part. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) offers a great potential for such a combination. FLIm can allow for fast tissue area pre-segmentation and location of the points for Raman spectra acquisition. Here, we introduce an optical fiber probe combining FLIm and Raman spectroscopy with an outer diameter of 2 mm. Fluorescence is generated via excitation with a fiber laser at 355 nm. The fluorescence emission is spectrally resolved using a custom-made wavelength-selection module (WSM). The Raman excitation power at 785 nm was set to 50 mW for the in-vivo measurements to prevent sample drying. The lateral probe resolution was determined to be <250 μm for both modalities. This value was taken as step size for several raster scans of different tissue types which were conducted to show the overlap of both modalities under realistic conditions. Finally the probe was used for in vivo raster scans of a rat’s brain and subsequently to acquire FLIm guided Raman spectra of several tissues in and around the craniotomy.