gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Linear Systems: A Practical Guideline to Accurate Modeling (1991)

Chapter headings and selected topics: Preface. A General Introduction to Parameter Estimation. Steps in the identification process. Parameter estimation, an example: measurement of a resistor. The ideal estimator. A Review of Estimation Methods and their Applications. Motives in focusing on the least squares technique. Parametric models. Time domain versus frequency domain. Errors due to noise on the independent variables. A Maximum Likelihood Estimator for Linear Time Invariant Systems. Measurement of a resistance. Estimation of transfer functions: a practical approach. Estimation of transfer functions: a theoretical approach. Numerical considerations. Extensions of the model. Application of ELiS to experimental data. Conclusions. Design of Excitation Signals. Optimization of the time domain behaviour of excitation signals. Optimizing the frequency domain behaviour of excitation signals: design of optimized power spectra. Model Selection. Verification of model validity. Introduction of the model complexity in the cost function. Study of the influence of model errors on the behaviour of the cost function. Optimal experiment strategy. Examples. Estimation of Linear Time Invariant Systems with Delay. The estimation algorithm and its properties. Simulations. Phase Correction of Linear Time Invariant Systems with Digital Allpass Filters. Phase distortion. Optimization strategy. Noise sensitivity. Application of ELiS to Measurement Problems. Modal analysis. Flight flutter data analysis. A Guideline for Transfer Function Estimation. Accurate modeling of a linear analog system. References. Author index. Subject index.
The Impact of Bevacizumab (Avastin) on Survival in Metastatic Solid Tumors - A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review (2013)

in this combined analysis Bevacizumab improved OS (with little heterogeneity) and PFS. These results should be considered in the light of lack of markers predictive of response and the increased severe and fatal toxicity seen with Bevacizumab treatment.
The Convenient Synthesis of Hydrogen‐Bonded Ureidopyrimidinones (2004)

Abstract Blocked isocytosine isocyanates are conveniently obtained by the reaction of 1,1′‐carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) with isocytosines. The resulting precursors for quadruple hydrogen‐bonded structures can be isolated and stored for further use. Reaction with either aliphatic or aromatic amines gives the corresponding mono‐, bi‐, or trifunctional ureidopyrimidinone derivatives in good to excellent isolated yields. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
100% REFLECTIVITY FIBRE GRATINGS PRODUCED BY A SINGLE EXCIMER LASER PULSE (1993)

The holographic technique of exposing the photosensitive core of an optical fibre to two interfering UV beams has been widely adopted as the most effective way of producing low- loss gratings in fibres1. Recently, the use of high pulse energy, line-narrowed KrF excimer lasers has made it possible to reduce the writing time to 20ns - the duration of a single laser pulse2,3. Here we report on a new grating formation mechanism which is capable of producing high reflectivity and thermally robust gratings using such a technique.
GERTS QR: A Model for Multi-Resource Constrained Queueing Systems Part I: Concepts, Notation, and Examples (1975)

Abstract This paper presents a new GERTS model and simulator, GERTS QR, directed to the modeling and analysis of Multi-Resource Constrained (MRC) queueing systems. That is, systems where resource requirements, in addition to the availability of a service center or channel, may constrain the system. The development and notation of the GERTS QR model are briefly summarized, and three examples of MRC queueing systems are given to illustrate the application of the model. The three examples are: (1) a labor-limited job shop queueing system, (2) a retail sales outlet, and (3) the planning of a jet engine overhaul facility.
Huntington's disease in French families: CAG repeat expansion and linkage disequilibrium analysis. (1993)

The molecular defect causing Huntington's disease (HD) has been found as an expansion of CAG triplets in the 5' coding region of IT15 gene. In the 29 French families reported, the HD disease is due to the expansion of the CAG triplets region above 38 copies. The complete sequencing of 10 HD alleles PCR products allowed us to confirm that expansion is restricted to the CAG repeat region and does not extend to the adjacent CCG repeat region which is also present in the PCR product. Then, we analysed linkage disequilibrium between the molecular defect and 6 DNA markers mapping to the 4p16.3 region. The most striking finding in this study is the presence of a strong linkage disequilibrium between HD and D4S127 (PvuII), D4S95 (AccI, MboI, TaqI) located in a region of 130 kb distal to IT15 gene. Two major haplotypes, comprising D4S127 (PvuII) and D4S95 (MboI, AccI) polymorphic sites, were found in the normal population as only one was found associated with HD alleles. This result can be interpreted either as an evidence for a rather recent founder effect or as several independent mutations occuring in chromosomes bearing the same haplotype.
Poly(3,4‐alkylenedioxypyrroles): The PXDOPs as Versatile Yet Underutilized Electroactive and Conducting Polymers (2006)

Abstract The poly(3,4‐dioxypyrrole) (PXDOP) family of conducting and electroactive polymers has now been developed to the point that multiple synthetic routes allow many functionalized polymers with controllable optoelectronic and redox properties. These properties, which include high conductivity, multicolor cathodic and anodic electrochromism, and rapid redox switching, allow these materials to be used in a variety of applications that potentially include conducting coatings, electrochromic windows and displays, chemical sensors, bioactive materials, and mechanical actuators. Surprisingly, the scientific literature published on the PXDOP derivatives has been isolated and sparse compared to that of other conducting polymers. This report will highlight the synthesis and materials properties of PXDOPs and show how these powerful materials fit into the frontier of conducting polymers research.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in early cutaneous melanocytic lesion progression (2007)

In a prospective setting, the current data suggested that increased VEGF-A expression in DN may be a good indicator of preneoplastic change in melanocytic lesions with the potential for improving the understanding and prevention of the transformation of DN to melanoma.
Noise and power optimization of a MMIC quasi-circulator (1997)

This paper first sums up the power and noise limits of various types of active circulators and quasi-circulators. It then presents the design and measured performances of a narrow-band quasi-circulator module tailored for use in a transmit/receive (T/R) module. Its design implements an active power divider and a combiner, a method to calculate the minimum noise figure is presented for this circuit. At 4 GHz, the device demonstrates a noise figure of 5.5 dB and an output power of 18 dBm with associated gains of 4 and 7.6 dB for the receive and transmit path, respectively. The third-order intercept point (IP3) is equal to 25.6 dBm for the transmit path.
Case Study Regarding the Variation of the Qualitative Parameters of Wastewater (2021)

Romania is making efforts in order to enforce the Directive concerning urban waste water treatment and was left behind by other member states. Starting from the premise that the lack of a proper treatment of wastewater can negatively influence the quality of the emissary in which they are discharged., we proposed that in this paper we analyze the main indicators of wastewater quality, identifying also the causes of water pollution. For this purpose, we followed the variation of five representative indicators of wastewater from Calarasi Wastewater Treatment Plan: chemical oxygen consumption, biochemical oxygen consumption, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended solids. The best results in purification were observed regarding the biochemical oxygen consumption (over 95%). The low temperature of wastewater at the entrance to the Wastewater Treatment Plant during winter leads to a difficult exploitation of the biological step and implicitly to the increase of the phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration in the effluent, which means a weak process of eutrophication in the emissary.
On random walk based graph sampling (2015)

Random walk based graph sampling has been recognized as a fundamental technique to collect uniform node samples from a large graph. In this paper, we first present a comprehensive analysis of the drawbacks of three widely-used random walk based graph sampling algorithms, called re-weighted random walk (RW) algorithm, Metropolis-Hastings random walk (MH) algorithm and maximum-degree random walk (MD) algorithm. Then, to address the limitations of these algorithms, we propose two general random walk based algorithms, named rejection-controlled Metropolis-Hastings (RCMH) algorithm and generalized maximum-degree random walk (GMD) algorithm. We show that RCMH balances the tradeoff between the limitations of RW and MH, and GMD balances the tradeoff between the drawbacks of RW and MD. To further improve the performance of our algorithms, we integrate the so-called delayed acceptance technique and the non-backtracking random walk technique into RCMH and GMD respectively. We conduct extensive experiments over four real-world datasets, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Synthesis of Fluorescent Hollow Silica Nanoparticles and Application in Detecting Hypochlorite (2015)

Abstract In this paper, fluorescent hollow silica nanoparticles (FHSNs) have been used for the detection of hypochlorite by monitoring fluorescence intensity changes. The fluorescent and sensing properties of the FHSNs were dramatically improved compared to those of the corresponding free probes. With unique hollow structure and strong fluorescence, the FHSNs have potential applications in the fields of biology and medicine.
Towards unobtrusive emotion recognition for affective social communication (2012)

Awareness of the emotion of those who communicate with others is a fundamental challenge in building affective intelligent systems. Emotion is a complex state of the mind influenced by external events, physiological changes, or relationships with others. Because emotions can represent a user's internal context or intention, researchers suggested various methods to measure the user's emotions from analysis of physiological signals, facial expressions, or voice. However, existing methods have practical limitations to be used with consumer devices, such as smartphones; they may cause inconvenience to users and require special equipment such as a skin conductance sensor. Our approach is to recognize emotions of the user by inconspicuously collecting and analyzing user-generated data from different types of sensors on the smartphone. To achieve this, we adopted a machine learning approach to gather, analyze and classify device usage patterns, and developed a social network service client for Android smartphones which unobtrusively find various behavioral patterns and the current context of users. Also, we conducted a pilot study to gather real-world data which imply various behaviors and situations of a participant in her/his everyday life. From these data, we extracted 10 features and applied them to build a Bayesian Network classifier for emotion recognition. Experimental results show that our system can classify user emotions into 7 classes such as happiness, surprise, anger, disgust, sadness, fear, and neutral with a surprisingly high accuracy. The proposed system applied to a smartphone demonstrated the feasibility of an unobtrusive emotion recognition approach and a user scenario for emotion-oriented social communication between users.
Über Einschlußverbindungen, XI. Gesetzmässigkeiten bei der Bildung von Addukten der Cyclodextrine (1957)

Abstract Die Darstellung von Einschlußverbindungen der Cyclodextrine mit organischen Molekülen wird beschrieben. Aus einem großen Versuchsmaterial lassen sich folgende Aussagen treffen: 1. Die Verbindungen zeigen konstante Molverhältnisse. ‐ 2. Entscheidend für die Verbindungsbildung ist die Größe des Gastmoleküls. ‐ 3. Die Ergebnisse stimmen mit unseren gegenwärtigen Vorstellungen über die Raumerfüllung organischer Moleküle und ihre van der Waalsschen Radien in allen Einzelheiten überein.‐ 4. Darüber hinaus besteht in besonderen Fällen eine „chemische Affinität”︁ zwischen Hohlraum und Gast, die sich in einem ganzzahligen Molverhältnis ausdrückt.
A new two-dimensional fast cosine transform algorithm (1991)

The discrete cosine transform (2-D DCT) is based on a one-dimensional fast cosine transform (1-D FCT) algorithm. Instead of computing the 2-D transform using the row-column method, the 1-D algorithm is extended by means of the vector-radix approach. Derivation based on both the sequence splitting and Kronecker matrix product method are discussed. The sequence splitting approach has the advantage that all the underlying operations are shown clearly, while the matrix product representations are more compact and readily generalized to higher dimensions. The bit reversal operations are placed before the recursive additions so that the recursive operations can be performed in a very regular manner. This greatly simplifies the indexing problem in the software implementation of the algorithms. The vector-radix algorithm saves 25% multiplications as compared with the row-column method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Moderation of breastfeeding effects on the IQ by genetic variation in fatty acid metabolism (2007)

Children's intellectual development is influenced by both genetic inheritance and environmental experiences. Breastfeeding is one of the earliest such postnatal experiences. Breastfed children attain higher IQ scores than children not fed breast milk, presumably because of the fatty acids uniquely available in breast milk. Here we show that the association between breastfeeding and IQ is moderated by a genetic variant in FADS2, a gene involved in the genetic control of fatty acid pathways. We confirmed this gene-environment interaction in two birth cohorts, and we ruled out alternative explanations of the finding involving gene-exposure correlation, intrauterine growth, social class, and maternal cognitive ability, as well as maternal genotype effects on breastfeeding and breast milk. The finding shows that environmental exposures can be used to uncover novel candidate genes in complex phenotypes. It also shows that genes may work via the environment to shape the IQ, helping to close the nature versus nurture debate.
Regulatory Role of Extracellular Matrix Components in Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Cultured Hepatic Stellate Cells. (1999)

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were changed in their morphology, proliferative activity, and functions by culturing on type I collagen gel, as compared to the culture on polystyrene surface. HSCs have been found to produce extracellular matrix components and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this study, we have assessed the effects of several types of substrata on the expression of MMPs in HSC culture. MMP-1 expression was detectable in HSC culture on polystyrene surface and on type I collagen gel by immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results from in situ zymography revealed the presence of interstitial collagenase activity around HSCs and along their cellular processes. Although proMMP-2 and proMMP-9 were detectable by gelatin zymography in the conditioned medium from both cultures using type I collagen gel and Matrigel as substratum, an active form of MMP-2 but not of MMP-9 was detected only in the culture using type I collagen as a substratum. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 expression was observed by RT-PCR in HSCs cultured on or in type I collagen gel, suggesting the suppression of MMP-2 activity detected in HSC culture using type I collagen. These results indicate a differential expression of MMP activity, hence the remodeling of extracellular matrix components is dependent on the substratum used for HSC culture. The HSC culture using several types of substrata appears to be a useful in vitro model to study the mechanism of extracellular matrix remodeling.
NEURAL NETWORKS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING USE FROM STREET-VIEW IMAGERY (2018)

Abstract. Within this paper we propose an end-to-end approach for classifying terrestrial images of building facades into five different utility classes (commercial, hybrid, residential, specialUse, underConstruction) by using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). For our examples we use images provided by Google Street View. These images are automatically linked to a coarse city model, including the outlines of the buildings as well as their respective use classes. By these means an extensive dataset is available for training and evaluation of our Deep Learning pipeline. The paper describes the implemented end-to-end approach for classifying street-level images of building facades and discusses our experiments with various CNNs. In addition to the classification results, so-called Class Activation Maps (CAMs) are evaluated. These maps give further insights into decisive facade parts that are learned as features during the training process. Furthermore, they can be used for the generation of abstract presentations which facilitate the comprehension of semantic image content. The abstract representations are a result of the stippling method, an importance-based image rendering.
Increasing resilience of ATM networks using traffic monitoring and automated anomaly analysis (2012)

Systematic network monitoring can be the cornerstone for the dependable operation of safety-critical distributed systems. In this paper, we present our vision for informed anomaly detection through network monitoring and resilience measurements to increase the operators' visibility of ATM communication networks. We raise the question of how to determine the optimal level of automation in this safety-critical context, and we present a novel passive network monitoring system that can reveal network utilisation trends and traffic patterns in diverse timescales. Using network measurements, we derive resilience metrics and visualisations to enhance the operators' knowledge of the network and traffic behaviour, and allow for network planning and provisioning based on informed what-if analysis.
A practical indoor visible light communication system (2014)

The commercialization of visible light communication (VLC) technologies is facing up some barriers, such as high complexity, poor mobility, heterogeneous integration with TCP/IP networks, multiaccess, big size and etc. We introduce a practical engineering VLC system, which can solve some of the problems. Utilizing commercial-off-the-shelf technologies, the complexity and size are reduced. A kind of nonimaging concentrator is used to enhance mobility. We design a new kind of protocol to realize multiaccess and heterogeneous integration with TCP/IP. It is proved that VLC surely have a bright future for commercialization.
Chronic granulomatous disease due to granulocytes with abnormal NADPH oxidase activity and deficient cytochrome-b (1983)

A patient with an X-linked genetic disease resembling chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) but differing in several aspects from previously studied cases is described. The oxidase enzyme of the patient's granulocytes was normally activated, but had reduced activity as shown by an increased Michaelis constant and decreased maximum velocity of NADPH-dependent superoxide production. Cytochrome-b was undetectable in dithionite difference spectra. This CGD-like disease further implicates cytochrome-b as an important component of the microbicidal NADPH oxidase system and provides insight into its role in the enzyme complex.
Purification of Ti&ndash;Al Alloys by Induction-Heating Floating-Zone Melting and Cold-Crucible Melting in Ultra-High Vacuum (2000)

The effect of ultra-high vacuum melting on the purification of Ti–Al alloys, especially on reducing gaseous impurities, is investigated using new floating-zone melting furnace and cold-crucible melting furnace in which ultra-high vacuum of 10−7 Pa is attainable. Ultra-high vacuum melting is effective in the purification of Ti–Al alloy, especially in reducing oxygen content. The high purity homogeneous Ti–Al alloy ingot containing 85 mass ppm oxygen is obtained from Ti of 99.99 mass% purity and Al of 99.9998 mass% purity by cold-crucible melting twice in argon and lastly in ultra-high vacuum. The Ti–Al alloy bar prepared from Ti of 99.9999 mass% purity and Al of 99.9998 mass% purity by arc melting is further zone-melted under ultra-high vacuum and 36 mass ppm oxygen in the bar is reduced to 13 mass ppm. The new floating-zone melting furnace and cold-crucible melting furnace which can attain to ultra-high vacuum of 10−7 Pa are useful for the preparation of high-purity Ti–Al alloy containing low concentration of gaseous impurities.
Bevacizumab and chemotherapy for recurrent glioblastoma (2009)

Bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy may be a more effective treatment for recurrent glioblastoma and warrants further randomized prospective studies to determine its effect on survival. Bevacizumab also has more effect in those with older age and might reflect biologic differences in glioblastoma in different age groups as seen with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor.
Government and Private Colleges： Coordinate Relations Based on Contracts (2012)

Private education hasn’t been paid enough attention in China’s education. “People's Republic of China Private Education Promotion Law” clearly defined that Private and Public higher education share an equal position, but in fact, private colleges have just played a complementary role. Under the trend of non-administration and independent schooling, the relationship between government and private colleges requires further changes. This article explores the motivating factor and the feasibility of the introduction of contract system by analyzing the relationship between government and private colleges. And under the premise of contractual relations in liberty and equality, we want to establish some rules and norms to coordinate and promote each other, and jointly promote the development of private education.
VCluster: a thread‐based Java middleware for SMP and heterogeneous clusters with thread migration support (2007)

Abstract Clusters, composed of symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) machines and heterogeneous machines, have become increasingly popular for high‐performance computing. Message‐passing libraries, such as message‐passing interface (MPI) and parallel virtual machine (PVM), are de facto parallel programming libraries for clusters that usually consist of homogeneous and uni‐processor machines. For SMP machines, MPI is combined with multithreading libraries like POSIX Thread and OpenMP to take advantage of the architecture. In addition to existing parallel programming libraries that are in C/C++ and FORTRAN programming languages, the Java programming language presents itself as another alternative with its object‐oriented framework, platform neutral byte code, and ever‐increasing performance. This paper presents a new parallel programming model and a library, VCluster, which implements this model. VCluster is based on migrating virtual threads instead of processes to support clusters of SMP machines more efficiently. The implementation uses thread migration, which can be used in dynamic load balancing. VCluster was developed in pure Java, utilizing the portability of Java to support clusters of heterogeneous machines. Several applications are developed to illustrate the use of this library and compare the usability and performance of VCluster with other approaches. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.