gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis: methods, strengths, and weaknesses. (2000)

Meta-analysis is a systematic, quantitative approach to the combination of data from several clinical trials that address the same question. This analytic approach can help resolve questions that remain unclear from the results of individual trials. Meta-analysis is of particular interest in oncology because of the small differences in efficacy between therapeutic alternatives. The large number of patients included in meta-analyses permit small to moderate benefits of a treatment to be reliably detected and larger treatment benefits to be quantified more accurately. Despite these apparent benefits, the use of meta-analysis has met with a great deal of resistance and has generated much controversy in clinical journals. After a brief description of the basic methods of conducting meta-analyses, this article will explore both their advantages and disadvantages.
Adenovirus-Mediated Delivery of a Dominant Negative Estrogen Receptor Gene Abrogates Estrogen-Stimulated Gene Expression and Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation (1999)

Dominant negative estrogen receptors are transcriptionally inactive, altered forms of the estrogen receptor (ER) that can dimerize with the ER and have the potential to inactivate the biological functions of this receptor. Here, we provide the first report that adenoviral delivery of a dominant negative ER to ER-positive breast cancer cells is able to effectively suppress estrogen-stimulated cell proliferation and the hormonal induction of endogenous genes. We constructed recombinant adenoviral vectors expressing a dominant negative ER (S554 fs, Ad-fs) or, for comparison, antisense ER (Ad-AS), or the sense wild-type ER (Ad-WT). Expression of the dominant negative ER or antisense ER, but not wild-type ER, blocked estradiol stimulation of the estrogen-responsive genes pS2 and c-myc. The dominant negative ER also fully abolished the estradiol-induced increase in proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, as did the antisense ER. The antiproliferative effects of the dominant negative and antisense ERs are explained by an increase in the number of cells in the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle and decrease in the number of cells in G2/M as determined by flow cytometry, and also by a significant increase in the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis. Our data strongly support the idea that targeting ER action using recombinant viral delivery of dominant negative ERs is an effective way to suppress ER-positive breast cancer cell proliferation and suggests the potential attractiveness of dominant negative gene therapy approaches targeted to the ER for the treatment of hormone-responsive breast cancer.
Anomalously Slow Electron Transfer at Ordered Graphite Electrodes: Influence of Electronic Factors and Reactive Sites (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnomalously Slow Electron Transfer at Ordered Graphite Electrodes: Influence of Electronic Factors and Reactive SitesK. K. Cline, Mark T. McDermott, and Richard L. McCreeryCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 20, 5314–5319Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100071a023https://doi.org/10.1021/j100071a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1544Altmetric-Citations234LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ionic Conductivities and Glass Transition Temperatures of Na2 O  ‐ ZrO2 ‐ Al2 O 3 ‐ SiO2 Glasses (1986)

The present work extends the study of the thermal and electrical properties of glasses in the and systems and provides data on new glasses in the system. The data show that these sodium‐ion‐conducting glasses have desirable characteristics for use in sodium/sulfur cells, i.e., a ρ of 100–200 Ω‐cm at 300°C and a of 500°–600°C.
Photocurrent of Solution-Grown Thin Polycarbonate Films Containing Soluble Nickel-Phthalocyanine (1989)

The photocurrent of solution-grown polycarbonate film containing 25 phr soluble NiPcX 4 was measured. The photocurrent showed an antibatic relationship with the wavelength of irradiated light. When the photocurrent was measured only in the irradiated region, it showed a symbatic relationship. The reasons for these findings were discussed via a model which took into account both the kinetics of photogenerated carriers in the irradiated region and the field-dependent carrier mobility. Appearance of the antibatic photocurrent was found to be caused by high resistivity in the non irradiated region of the sample.
Building a Large-scale Multimodal Knowledge Base System for Answering Visual Queries (2015)

The complexity of the visual world creates significant challenges for comprehensive visual understanding. In spite of recent successes in visual recognition, today's vision systems would still struggle to deal with visual queries that require a deeper reasoning. We propose a knowledge base (KB) framework to handle an assortment of visual queries, without the need to train new classifiers for new tasks. Building such a large-scale multimodal KB presents a major challenge of scalability. We cast a large-scale MRF into a KB representation, incorporating visual, textual and structured data, as well as their diverse relations. We introduce a scalable knowledge base construction system that is capable of building a KB with half billion variables and millions of parameters in a few hours. Our system achieves competitive results compared to purpose-built models on standard recognition and retrieval tasks, while exhibiting greater flexibility in answering richer visual queries.
협동학습이 발달장애학생의 사회적 기술에 미치는 효과 (2004)

이 연구는 협동학습이 발달장애 학생의 사회적 능력에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 했다. 연구 대상은 특수학교 중학부에 재학중인 남자 3명 여자 1명이며 약 8개월 동안 협동학습 기술 익히기 프로그램을 실시하였다. 사회적 능력의 검사는 신현기(1993)가 사용한 사회적 능력 검사도구를 사용하였다. 체계화된 협동학습 기술 익히기 프로그램은 발달장애 학생의 사회적 기술의 향상에 효과적임을 연구결과를 통해 알 수 있었다. 이 연구에서 사용한 협동학습 기술 익히기 프로그램은 통합교육을 준비하기 위한 정신지체 특수학교의 집단 활동 프로그램 자료로 활용할 가치가 충분하다고 할 수 있을것이다.
Multiple parameter estimation using Gram-Schmidt Orthonormalization for brushless DC motor actuators (2006)

An approximate motor inverse model is usually employed to achieve torque control of a brushless DC motor. Variations of motor parameters directly impart inaccuracies in the motor inverse model, thus the performance of the system suffers. A multi-parameter estimation method based on Gram-Schmidt Orthonormalization in a continuous function space of feedback signal is proposed in this paper. The stability of the estimation scheme is proved. Performance improvement of the estimation scheme is discussed. Comparison of simulations for closed loop voltage control of an electric power steering system actuator confirms a lower bound of error of the estimated parameter and faster adaptation with the proposed improvements for the estimation scheme.
Fetal Neurosurgery: Current State of the Art (2011)

Congenital CNS abnormalities have been targets for prenatal intervention since the founding of fetal surgery 30 years ago, but with historically variable results. Open fetal neurosurgery for myelomenigocele has demonstrated the most promising results of any CNS malformation. Improvements in the understanding of congenital diseases and in fetal surgical techniques have reopened the door to applying fetal surgery to other congenital CNS abnormalities. Advances in gene therapy, bioengineering and neonatal neuroprotection will aid in the future expansion of fetal neurosurgery to other CNS disorders.
Impact of source resistance on duty ratio and output voltage of a DC to DC step down converter (2015)

This paper represents the effect of input resistance of voltage source which is applied to a step down DC to DC converter. Ideally the output voltage of a step down dc chopper is dependent on duty ratio of the switching signal. Practically, there is the presence of source resistance which represents deviated characteristics of a simple dc to dc step down converter. The equation of the output voltage is derived considering the effect of source resistance and a constant voltage drop across a switch used to control the value of output voltage. The impact of source resistance is mainly focused on the duty ratio of the switching signal of the converter. The analysis is preformed to find the limit of minimum limit of load resistance for proper voltage regulation at a given input voltage. Characteristics are obtained from the simulation by MATLAB.
Design of a novel multi-output synchronous trigger generator for linear transformer driver (2011)

A new triggering technology is proposed based on reversed-LTD principle, which is named LTD-trigger. It has a similar structure to LTD device, but it operates reversely relative to LTD. LTD-trigger is an inductive voltage divider contrast to LTD based on inductive voltage adder in principle. Its input port and output port is opposite to LTD configuration. With one primary fast high-voltage pulsed power supply of LTD-trigger, multichannel fast triggering pulsed voltages can be obtained by the linear inductive transformer (magnetic core) to trigger corresponding LTD switches. It reduces the delay and jitter time due to the intrinsic advantages from coaxial configuration over the conventional triggering method. With careful design, LTD-trigger can match the time sequence of triggered switches in the different cavities in LTD. The paper analyzed the working principle of LTD-trigger by establishing a circuit model and simulation. Taking some fault factors into consideration, the results showed that the LTD-trigger is reliable. At present a test stand and experiments is underway.
A small domain (6.5 kDa) of bacterial protein G inhibits C3 covalent binding to the Fc region of IgG immune complexes (1998)

Attachment of the complement component C3 to antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) complexes (immune complexes, IC) is the key molecular event responsible for the elimination of many Ag in the form of Ag-Ab-C3b. The CH1 domain and the Fc region of the Ab, which have previously been involved in the binding of C3b, are also the targets of several bacterial IgG-binding proteins, particularly proteins G and A. Here we describe the ability of a small recombinant protein G domain (B2; 6.5 kDa) to inhibit the covalent binding of C3b to the Fc portion of IgG without affecting the binding to the Fab part. Protein G (B2 domain) produced a remarkable inhibition of covalent binding of C3b to IC formed with rabbit IgG, but none with the F(ab')2 fragment, indicating that B2 interferes with the C3b binding to the Fc region. A weak inhibition was observed with IC formed with mouse IgG2b which preferentially binds B2 domain on the CH1 domain of the Fab. To confirm these data, recombinant single-chain Ab devoid of CH1 domains (scAb), and including the rabbit or human Fc portion (hinge-CH2-CH3), were produced and used to form IC. Protein G-B2 domain inhibited C3b binding to IC formed with scAb of either human or rabbit constant regions, supporting the view of a specific blockade of C3b binding to the Fc region. A similar inhibition of C3b binding was observed using protein A instead of protein G B2 domain and the same set of IC. On the CH1 domain, C3b and B2 bind on opposite faces, and therefore do not interfere with each other in their binding. However, B2 domain bound to the inter-CH2-CH3 region impedes the C3b binding to the Fc. This inhibition clarifies the specificity of C3b for the different regions of IgG and explains how bacterial IgG-binding proteins provide the bacteria with a mechanism of evasion from the opsonizing action of complement and contribute to the virulence. This could be a general mechanism of escape because protein G binds the majority of mammalian Ig.
Functionalized carbon nanotubes as sensitive materials for electrochemical detection of ultra-trace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (2006)

This report demonstrates a novel electrochemical method for fast and sensitive detection of ultra-trace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) based on modified electrodes by functionalized MWCNTs. To fabricate new kind of functionalized MWCNTs material sensitive to TNT, our work first theoretically investigated the interaction between triphenylene (TP) and TNT by calculating their electrostatic potentials, and secondly characterized this interaction by the fluorescence spectra. The functionalized MWCNTs of TP-MWCNTs were thoroughly characterized by fluorescence and UV-visible spectra, and by analysing these results, the interaction between TP and MWCNTs was also examined. Electrochemical experiment suggests, compared to MWCNTs- and TP- modified electrodes, TP-MWCNTs-modified electrodes result in both fast response and enhanced sensitivity to TNT detection. These results show the attachment of TP on MWCNTs leads to better sensing unit with more receptor site to TNT, associated with the coordinative recognition of TP and MWCNTs to TNT, finally result in the improvement of response and sensitivity. And this improved recognition process is attributed to the geometric and electrostatic complementarity between TP and TNT. The present study demonstrates TP-MWCNTs-modified electrode holds promising and important implications for the detection of ultra-trace TNT.
β <sub>3</sub> Integrins Are Upregulated After Vascular Injury and Modulate Thrombospondin- and Thrombin-Induced Proliferation of Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells (1998)

In summary, these studies demonstrate that vascular cell beta3 integrin expression is increased after injury, that 7E3 binds to cultured SMC with high affinity, and that beta3 activation is important for thrombospondin-induced or alpha-thrombin-induced proliferation. These results support the hypothesis that beta3 integrins play a role in SMC growth responses after balloon injury.
Optical polarization-diversity receiver integrated on titanium-diffused lithium niobate (1991)

The authors describe the design and measurement characteristics of a lithium niobate polarization-diversity chip, realized on an X-cut, Z-propagation substrate. The use of the electrooptic effect offers the potential advantage of tunability in a wide spectral range. This device can be used as part of a hybrid balance substrate. The receiver structure is shown. The optimal signals from the transmission fiber and the local oscillator are combined in a 3-dB directional coupler. The transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic polarized waves from the coupler's output waveguides are then spatially separated using two polarization splitters. This design avoids the use of intersecting waveguides.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High macrophage-colony stimulating factor levels in synovial fluid of loose artificial hip joints. (2000)

High M-CSF level in loose hip joint fluid suggests transportation of M-CSF from production sites to joint fluid. This indicates that not only polyethylene wear particles (reported to induce foreign body reaction at the bone-prosthesis interface), but also M-CSF, abundant in joint fluid, are transported to and affect the interface. Thus, M-CSF is locally produced in periprosthetic tissues of loose hip joints and possibly contributes to periprosthetic weakening and osteolysis via joint fluid, leading to prosthetic loosening.
A New Sock Electrode for Recording Epicardial Activation from the Human Heart: One Size Fits All (1987)

Simultaneous recording of epicardial activation from multiple sites during open heart surgery is essential for studying unstable ventricular arrhythmias. A previously described sock electrode array for this purpose requires custom‐woven nylon sock material and expensive machined button electrodes. The limited compiiance and elasticity of nylon requires that a new sock be individually fitted for each heart. Despite careful fitting, 17–20% of electrodes do not make satisfactory epicardial contact in dogs. Further, electrodes frequently dislodge from the sock and wires break at the button electrode solder joint. Recognizing these limitations, we formed a new sock from Xspan* tubular dressing material and devised electrodes that attach securely to the sock. In six dogs. 90%± 3% of electrodes made satisfactory contact using the same Xspan* sock. significantly (p < .01) more than with the nylon sock despite far less labor. The same size X span* sock with 60 snap electrodes was used to record from 27 human hearts of widely different dimensions. Satisfactory epicardial contact was obtained in 90%± 14% of electrodes in the 18 patients with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome (WPW) and 75%± 15% of electrodes in the nine patients with coronary artery disease. In no case did an accessory pathway fail to conduct following sock placement. The hemodynamic effect of the Xspan* sock was evaluated in four dogs and was found to be minimal. Both the Xspan* sock and the snap electrodes are easily made from inexpensive, readily available materials. The same Xspan* sock accommodates o wide range of heart sizes, and the electrodes supported by the Xspan* sock record significantly better and with less dislodgement and wire breakage than previous socks.
Zoledronic acid causes enhancement of bone growth into porous implants (2005)

The effect of zoledronic acid on bone ingrowth was examined in an animal model in which porous tantalum implants were placed bilaterally within the ulnae of seven dogs. Zoledronic acid in saline was administered via a single post-operative intravenous injection at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg. The ulnae were harvested six weeks after surgery. Undecalcified transverse histological sections of the implant-bone interfaces were imaged with backscattered scanning electron microscopy and the percentage of available pore space that was filled with new bone was calculated. The mean extent of bone ingrowth was 6.6% for the control implants and 12.2% for the zoledronic acid-treated implants, an absolute difference of 5.6% (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 10.1) and a relative difference of 85% which was statistically significant. Individual islands of new bone formation within the implant pores were similar in number in both groups but were 69% larger in the zoledronic acid-treated group. The bisphosphonate zoledronic acid should be further investigated for use in accelerating or enhancing the biological fixation of implants to bone.
Die qualitative und quantitative Analyse der isomeren Hexachlorcyclohexane mit Hilfe der Raman-Spektroskopie (1950)

Abstract Die Raman-Spektren der isomeren Hexachlorcyclohexane in Tetrahydrofuran und Benzol wurden bestimmt. Aus Gemischen von α- und γ-Hexachlorcyclohexan verschiedener Zusammensetzung in den genannten Lösungsmitteln wurden Eichkurven für die Veränderung der Intensitätsverhältnisse von Schlüsselfrequenzen der beiden Isomeren mit der Konzentration auf-gestellt. Mit Hilfe dieser Eichkurven wurden technische Proben der Isomeren-Gemische analysiert. Die dabei notwendige Vorbehandlung der Substanzen, der Analysengang und die Endauswertung werden beschrieben. Bei einer Dauer einer Analyse zwischen 12 und 20 Stdn. wurde eine Analysengenauigkeit von ± 3-4% absolut erreicht. Die Fehlerquellen werden diskutiert und die Möglichkeiten und Aufgaben einer spektroskopischen Strukturaüfklärung der Isomeren behandelt.
Isolation and properties of lipoproteins from normal rat serum (1969)

Three major classes of lipoproteins (VLDL, d <1.006; LDL, d 1.006-1.040; HDL, d 1.063-1.21) were isolated by ultracentrifugal flotation from the serum of normal male Sprague-Dawley rats. Their physical, chemical, and immunological properties were analyzed and compared with those of their water-soluble, essentially lipid-free derivatives. Studies were also carried out on the d > 1.21 fractions. Each product was found to have distinct characteristics, and this was also indicated by spectral analyses carried out by the techniques of circular dichroism and UV absorption spectroscopy. The results provided evidence for the mutual role of the protein and lipids in determining the structure, and perhaps the immunological specificity, of serum lipoproteins.
Siamese Neural Networks for Wireless Positioning and Channel Charting (2019)

Neural networks have been proposed recently for positioning and channel charting of user equipments (UEs) in wireless systems. Both of these approaches process channel state information (CSI) that is acquired at a multi-antenna base-station in order to learn a function that maps CSI to location information. CSI-based positioning using deep neural networks requires a dataset that contains both CSI and associated location information. Channel charting (CC) only requires CSI information to extract relative position information. Since CC builds on dimensionality reduction, it can be implemented using autoencoders. In this paper, we propose a unified architecture based on Siamese networks that can be used for supervised UE positioning and unsupervised channel charting. In addition, our framework enables semisupervised positioning, where only a small set of location information is available during training. We use simulations to demonstrate that Siamese networks achieve similar or better performance than existing positioning and CC approaches with a single, unified neural network architecture.
Strömungsverlauf und Zerkleinerungsbedingungen in der Spiralstrahlmühle (1966)

Abstract Zerkleinerungsuntersuchungen mit tribolumineszierenden Stoffen zeigten, daß in der Spiralstrahlmühle auf der Rück‐ bzw. Vorderseite der Treibstrahlen oder in einem geschlossenen Ring zerkleinert wird. Die Lage der Zerkleinerungszone wird durch die Strömungsvorgänge und die Gutkonzentration in der Mühle bestimmt. Auf der Rückseite der Treibstrahlen bildet sich ein Wirbelpaar aus, das zusammen mit dem Strömungsmittel Feststoffteilchen aus der Grundströmung ansaugt und zur Strahlrückseite transportiert. Die Zerkleinerungszone auf der Strahlvorderseite entsteht nur bei starker Umlenkung der Grundströmung vor dem Strahl, während die Zerkleinerung im Sechseckring an höhere Gutbeladungen und die Ausbildung eines Strahlringes gebunden ist. — Durch Anfärben des Strömungsmediums ließ sich der Strömungsverlauf in der Mühle qualitative verfolgen.
Robot Language Learning, Generation, and Comprehension (2015)

We present a unified framework which supports grounding natural-language semantics in robotic driving. This framework supports acquisition (learning grounded meanings of nouns and prepositions from human annotation of robotic driving paths), generation (using such acquired meanings to generate sentential description of new robotic driving paths), and comprehension (using such acquired meanings to support automated driving to accomplish navigational goals specified in natural language). We evaluate the performance of these three tasks by having independent human judges rate the semantic fidelity of the sentences associated with paths, achieving overall average correctness of 94.6% and overall average completeness of 85.6%.