gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Multi-state Millimeter Wave Cell Selection Scheme for 5G communication (2018)

<p>Millimeter wave bands have been introduced as one of the most promising solutions to alleviate the spectrum secrecy in the upcoming future cellular technology (5G) due the enormous amount of raw bandwidth available in these bands. However, the inherent propagation characteristics of mmWave frequencies could impose new challenges i.e. higher path loss, atmospheric absorption, and rain attenuation which in turn increase the outage probability and hence, degrading the overall system performance. Therefore, in this paper, a novel flexible scheme is proposed namely Adaptive Multi-State MmWave Cell Selection (AMSMC-S) through adopting three classes of mmWave base stations, able to operate at various mmWave carrier frequencies (73, 38 and 28 GHz). Two mmWave cellular Grid-Based cell deployment scenarios have been implemented with two inter-site-distances 200 m and 300 m, corresponding to target area of (2.1 km2) and (2.2 km2). The maximum SINR value at the user equipment (UE) is taken in to consideration to enrich the mobile user experience. Numerical results show an improvement of overall system performance, where the outage probability reduced significantly to zero while maintaining an acceptable performance of the 5G systems with approximately more than 50% of the mobile stations with more than 1Gbps data rate. </p>
Die Situation der ausländischen Jugendlichen auf der Sekundarstufe II in der Schweizer Schule – Integration oder Benachteiligung? (2001)

Gemäss der Theorie des Humankapitals müssen die Schulen alles daran setzen, die Bildungsressourcen ihrer Schülerinnen und Schüler optimal zu nutzen. Der Vergleich ausgewählter Nationengruppen auf der Sekundarstufe II mit autochthonen Schweizergruppen weist aber für die Schweiz nach, dass für ausländische Jugendliche die gesamte Bildungsbeteiligung niedrig ist. Besonders erschwert ist für die ausländischen Jugendlichen der Zugang zu den höheren Ausbildungsgängen der Mittelschulen, aber auch den anspruchsvolleren Berufslehren. Hier allerdings lässt sich ein Kompensationseffekt feststellen, der darin besteht, dass ein relativ hoher Anteil von Ausländern in den Berufslehren ebenso anspruchsvolle Berufe wählen wie die Schweizerinnen und Schweizer. Der Autor kritisiert den Mechanismus im schweizerischen Bildungssystem, durch den monolinguale Schüler selbst bei schlechteren schulischen Voraussetzungen dem bilingualen Ausländer vorgezogen wird als Präferentialismus, der die Interessen der autochthonen Gruppe schützt, längerfristig aber die sozialen und ökonomischen Interessen des Staates unterläuft.
The current status and future directions of myxoma virus, a master in immune evasion (2011)

Myxoma virus (MYXV) gained importance throughout the twentieth century because of the use of the highly virulent Standard Laboratory Strain (SLS) by the Australian government in the attempt to control the feral Australian population of Oryctolagus cuniculus (European rabbit) and the subsequent illegal release of MYXV in Europe. In the European rabbit, MYXV causes a disease with an exceedingly high mortality rate, named myxomatosis, which is passively transmitted by biting arthropod vectors. MYXV still has a great impact on European rabbit populations around the world. In contrast, only a single cutaneous lesion, restricted to the point of inoculation, is seen in its natural long-term host, the South-American Sylvilagus brasiliensis and the North-American S. Bachmani. Apart from being detrimental for European rabbits, however, MYXV has also become of interest in human medicine in the last two decades for two reasons. Firstly, due to the strong immune suppressing effects of certain MYXV proteins, several secreted virus-encoded immunomodulators (e.g. Serp-1) are being developed to treat systemic inflammatory syndromes such as cardiovascular disease in humans. Secondly, due to the inherent ability of MYXV to infect a broad spectrum of human cancer cells, the live virus is also being developed as an oncolytic virotherapeutic to treat human cancer. In this review, an update will be given on the current status of MYXV in rabbits as well as its potential in human medicine in the twenty-first century.
A majority of m<sup>6</sup>A residues are in the last exons, allowing the potential for 3′ UTR regulation (2015)

We adapted UV CLIP (cross-linking immunoprecipitation) to accurately locate tens of thousands of m(6)A residues in mammalian mRNA with single-nucleotide resolution. More than 70% of these residues are present in the 3'-most (last) exons, with a very sharp rise (sixfold) within 150-400 nucleotides of the start of the last exon. Two-thirds of last exon m(6)A and >40% of all m(6)A in mRNA are present in 3' untranslated regions (UTRs); contrary to earlier suggestions, there is no preference for location of m(6)A sites around stop codons. Moreover, m(6)A is significantly higher in noncoding last exons than in next-to-last exons harboring stop codons. We found that m(6)A density peaks early in the 3' UTR and that, among transcripts with alternative polyA (APA) usage in both the brain and the liver, brain transcripts preferentially use distal polyA sites, as reported, and also show higher proximal m(6)A density in the last exons. Furthermore, when we reduced m6A methylation by knocking down components of the methylase complex and then examined 661 transcripts with proximal m6A peaks in last exons, we identified a set of 111 transcripts with altered (approximately two-thirds increased proximal) APA use. Taken together, these observations suggest a role of m(6)A modification in regulating proximal alternative polyA choice.
Evolving bio plausible design with heterogeneous Noc (2013)

With the increasing complexity of various communication and multimedia standards, Network on Chip (NoC) is evolving as a solution for on-chip communication problems. Bio-inspired paradigms such as spiking neural networks (SNNs), when incorporated can take full advantage of their inherent parallelism and offer the potential to meet the demands of real-time fault tolerant applications. This paper presents a scalable, configurable 2-D irregular mesh network on chip (NoC)-based SNN architecture. The modules are placed in such a way to minimize the spatial traffic density, unnecessary switch links and nodes resulting in reduced SNN area requirements. The proposed design is based on a planar grid of switches that route the traffic according to a fixed shortest path (XYDT based) discipline. It uses input buffering scheme and employs multi-class wormhole forwarding to support multiple service priority classes thus ensuring QoS.
Development of aperiodic instability on liquid metal surface perturbed by thermal fluctuations (1989)

The dynamics of a liquid metal layer in a strong electric field is investigated for arbitrary viscosity. The specific forms of microtip that appear when aperiodic instability develops are determined. The liquid surface correlation function for development of instability on thermal fluctuations is calculated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improvements in SSRI/SNRI-Induced Sexual Dysfunction by Switching to Escitalopram (2005)

Antidepressants, especially serotonin reuptake inhibiting agents, are associated with sexual dysfunction. The newest drug of this class, escitalopram, claims greater tolerability than older alternatives. This study evaluated patient experiences with switching from one serotonin enhancing antidepressant to escitalopram in individuals who already were complaining of antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. We found that 68.1% of patients experienced improvement with their sexual function. The ability to obtain a satisfactory clinical response at relatively low doses may explain this finding. We performed gender, phase of sexual response,and dose analyses. This article discusses results and significance.
Locally weighted total variation denoising for ringing artifact suppression in pet reconstruction using PSF modeling (2013)

Iterative reconstruction with point spread function (PSF) modeling improves contrast recovery in positron emission tomography (PET) images, but also introduces ringing artifacts and over enhancement that is contrast and object size dependent. Mitigation of these artifacts is crucial for clinical and research purposes. In this work we introduce a new iterative regularized reconstruction method that incorporates locally-weighted total variation denoising designed to suppress artifacts induced by PSF modeling. The reconstruction method is evaluated on a simulated cylindrical phantom and preliminary results show that ringing artifacts are suppressed while contrast recovery is maintained.
Comparative study of high temperature oxidation behaviour in AISI 304 and AISI 439 stainless steels (2003)

This work deals with a comparison of high temperature oxidation behaviour in AISI 304 austenitic and AISI 439 ferritic stainless steels. The oxidation experiments were performed between 850 and 950 °C, in oxygen and Ar (100 vpm H2). In most cases, it was formed a Cr2O3 protective scale, whose growth kinetics follows a parabolic law. The exception was for the the AISI 304 steel, at 950 °C, in oxygen atmosphere, which forms an iron oxide external layer. The oxidation resistance of the AISI 439 does not depend on the atmosphere. The AISI 304 has the same oxidation resistance in both atmospheres, at 850 °C, but at higher temperatures, its oxidation rate strongly increases in oxygen atmosphere. Concerning the performance of these steels under oxidation, our results show that the AISI 439 steel has higher oxidation resistance in oxidizing atmosphere, above 850 °C, while, in low pO2 atmosphere, the AISI 304 steel has higher oxidation resistance than the AISI 439, in all the temperature range investigated.
Aliphatic C−H Bond Oxidation of Toluene Using Copper Peroxo Complexes That Are Stable at Room Temperature (2009)

Dinuclear copper peroxo complexes obtained from mononuclear copper(I) complexes showed extremely high stabilities under ambient conditions in the solid state and could be heated above 100 degrees C without decomposition. The increased stability could be explained with regard to their molecular structures. Furthermore, the four complexes investigated showed a high potential for aliphatic C-H bond oxidations: for example, technical-grade toluene was oxidized to benzaldehyde in yields of up to 20%.
Improved Characteristics of 4H-SiC MISFET with AlON/Nitrided SiO<sub>2</sub> Stacked Gate Dielectrics (2010)

We investigated the impact of a combination treatment of nitrogen plasma exposure and forming gas annealing (FGA) for a thermally grown SiO2 layer on channel electron mobility in 4H-SiC metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect-transistors (MISFETs) with and without deposited aluminum oxynitride (AlON) overlayers. This treatment was effective for improving the interface properties of nitrided SiO2/SiC structures formed by thermal oxidation in NOx ambient as well as pure SiO2/SiC structures. A channel mobility enhancement was perfectly consistent with a reduction in interface state density depending on the process conditions of the combination treatment, and a peak mobility of 26.9 cm2/Vs was achieved for the MISFETs with the nitrided SiO2 single dielectric layer. Comparable channel mobility was obtained with a gate insulator consisting of the AlON stacked on a thin nitrided SiO2 interlayer, indicating that both the combination treatment and the AlON/SiO2 stacked dielectrics can be integrated into the SiC MISFET fabrication processes.
NASAL INSTILLATION AND INHALATION OF CRYSTALLINE VITAMIN B12 IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA (1954)

SINCE the introduction of liver therapy by Minot and Murphy in 1926, the treatment of pernicious anemia has undergone many alterations simplifying procedures for both patient and physician. Oral administration of whole liver has been discarded because of the expense and the unpalatability of this material in sufficient quantity to be effective. Ingestion of liver extract, dessicated defatted hog stomach, liver-stomach concentrate, proteolyzed liver preparations, normal gastric juice, and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>substances, as well as sublingual administration of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>have not proved satisfactory for complete therapy of pernicious anemia. While folic acid corrects the hematologic disturbance, it does not favorably influence the neurological complications. The administration of massive doses of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>by mouth produces adequate response in patients with Addisonian anemia,* but this mode of treatment is costly. Recent reports on the effectiveness of reaction products of vitamin B<sup>12</sup>and intrinsic factor in oral therapy are encouraging although
Clinical and molecular insights into adenoid cystic carcinoma: Neural crest‐like stemness as a target (2016)

Preclinical research has not identified effective targets in ACC, as confirmed by the large number of failed clinical trials. New molecular data suggest that drivers of neural crest-like stemness may be required for maintenance of ACC; as such, CSCs are a target for therapy of ACC.
The Tattoo Collectors. Inscribing Criminality in Nineteenth Century France (2017)

[First paragraph] In June 1929, an itinerant English purchasing agent named Peter Johnson-Saint met\nwith one of his contacts in Paris, a Dr. La Valette, to finalise the sale of a collection\nof curious objects. Where exactly this meeting took place is not clear; the only reference to an address is recorded on an accession slip and simply reads “Rue Ecole de\nMedecine”.1 Of course, this particular street is significant since it is at the historic\nheart of Parisian medical studies, home to the Université Paris Descartes and the\nMusée Dupuytren. But whether or not Johnston-Saint was visiting a member of the\nmedical faculty that day, or a man who occupied himself in private practice, is not\n(yet) certain. Johnston-Saint did however keep a record of his purchasing activities\nfor his employer, including a brief description of the objects he acquired, given in\nhis journal entry for Saturday June 15th:
Power-law attenuation in acoustic and isotropic anelastic media (2003)

Power attenuation laws were originally introduced for phenomenological descriptions of attenuation in a large variety of materials. More recently they have been applied in viscoelastic inversion. Power-law models can be readily expressed in terms of scalar acoustic partial integro-differential equations. The restrictions on the exponent of the power law imposed by the assumptions of causality and dissipativity are discussed. An extension of power-law attenuation models from acoustic to isotropic anelastic media is proposed. The guiding principle is that the attenuation of longitudinal and transverse waves satisfies the power law. Restrictions imposed by thermodynamics and well-posedness considerations are discussed.
Essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and myelofibrosis: Current management and the prospect of targeted therapy (2008)

The recent discovery of JAK2 and/or MPL mutations in polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) has had a major impact on how we diagnose and treat these disorders. For instance, the presence of a JAK2 mutation is now considered conditio sine qua non for the diagnosis of PV and the World Health Organization classification system has recently revised its diagnostic criteria for PV, ET, and PMF to include JAK2 and MPL mutations as clonal markers. From the standpoint of treatment, JAK-STAT is now identified as a legitimate target pathway for drug development in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Herein, I will first outline my views regarding current management in ET, PV, and PMF and then discuss emerging data on preclinical and clinical activity of anti-JAK2 small molecule drugs. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Intelligent critic system for architectural design (1997)

The paper describes an intelligent computer aided architectural design system (ICAAD) called ICADS. ICADS encapsulates different types of design knowledge into independent "critic" modules. Each "critic" module possesses expertise in evaluating an architect's work in different areas of architectural design and can offer expert advice when needed. This research focuses on the representation of spatial information encoded in architectural floor plans and the representation of expert design knowledge. Described in the paper is our research in designing and developing two particular "critic" modules. The first module, FPDX, checks a residential apartment floor plan, verifies that the plan meets a set of government regulations, and offers suggestions for floor plan changes if regulations are not met. The second module, IDX, analyzes room and furniture layout according to a set of interior design guidelines and offers ideas on how furniture should be moved if the placement does not follow good design principles.
Comparison of 3-phase, 3-level UPF rectifier circuits for high power applications (2012)

This paper presents an analysis and comparison between two circuit topologies of the 3-phase, 3-level unity power factor (Vienna) rectifier on the basis of packaging issues and semiconductor power losses. The analysis indicates the suitability of one particular circuit variant due to restrictions on switching frequency at higher power levels. A comparison is also done between hysteresis and carrier based PWM strategies for current control of the rectifier, along with experimental evaluation of the control strategies on a hardware prototype of the rectifier. The comparison indicates that the carrier based modulation strategy is better suited for use with higher order filters that are utilized in high power applications.
Stretchable conductive elastomer for wireless wearable communication applications (2017)

Wearable devices have provided noninvasive and continuous monitoring of physiological parameters in healthcare applications. However, for the comfortable applications of wearable devices on human body, two key requirements are to replace conventional bulky devices into soft and deformable ones and to have wireless wearable communication. In this paper we present a simple, low-cost and highly efficient all-elastomeric conductor that can be used in a soft radio-frequency (RF) transmission line and antenna. We show a stretchable transmission line and two stretchable antennas fabricated with conventional screen printing. The stretchable conductor used in this fabrication method, which is a mixture of Ag and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), can be stretched at high strains while maintaining a high conductivity, low attenuation and feasible radiation performance. The measured conductivity of the stretchable conductor reaches 1000 S/cm. Additionally, the highly conductive printed Ag-PDMS is utilized to construct transmission lines and antennas. The performance of these stretchable components, especially under different conditions of bending, stretching and twisting, are experimentally examined in common wireless-communication frequency bands. Our results demonstrate that printed Ag-PDMS enabled RF passive components have the desired property and quality for wireless wearable communication applications, which would provide new opportunities for wearable healthcare electronics.
Shorter test times for light fastness and hot light fastness tests (2006)

The positive experiences related to testing for color fastness under light with regard to shortening the test time throuth increased irradiance are described. Primarily for hot light fastness in accordance with VDA 75202, Method A, but also with respect to tight fastness test in accordance with ISO 105-B02, it has been shown that the test results are independent of the irradiance. The Xenotest Alpha and Xenotest Beta devices ensure this over wide irradiance range.
Threat Analysis for TCP Extensions for Multipath Operation with Multiple Addresses (2011)

Multipath TCP (MPTCP for short) describes the extensions proposed for TCP so that endpoints of a given TCP connection can use multiple paths to exchange data.Such extensions enable the exchange of segments using different source-destination address pairs, resulting in the capability of using multiple paths in a significant number of scenarios.Some level of multihoming and mobility support can be achieved through these extensions.However, the support for multiple IP addresses per endpoint may have implications on the security of the resulting MPTCP.This note includes a threat analysis for MPTCP.
An Estimate for the Condition Number of a Matrix (1979)

It is important in practice when solving linear systems to have an economical method for estimating the condition number $\kappa (A)$ of the matrix of coefficients. An algorithm involving $O(n^2 )$ arithmetic operations is described; it gives a reliable indication of the order of magnitude of $\kappa (A)$.
Separation and Quantitation of the Sources of Dew on Creeping Bentgrass (1998)

Many fungal pathogens require free water to cause infections. In high‐maintenance turfgrass systems, accumulations of dew are an important source of this water. Little is known about the amount or rate of dew accumulations on turfgrasses under golf course maintenance regimes. Experiments were conducted in 1994 and 1995 to measure separately the different sources of dew as they accumulated throughout the night on irrigated creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis palustris Huds.) maintained as a golf fairway. Sources of dew were separated as (i) condensate and (ii) plant‐generated moisture (wound exudates plus guttation). Additionally, re‐accumulating moisture was measured from original collection sites at 0800 h to establish amounts and rates of re‐accumulation after displacement, and the optimal time to displace dew to achieve maximum reductions of dew periods. Mean total dew measured at 0800 h over both years was 0.195 mm, 33% of which was plant generated. Moisture re‐accumulating following displacement had a higher proportion of plant‐generated moisture, ranging from 46 to 77% depending on the time of the observation. Condensate and plant‐generated moisture accumulated at similar rates over time. Significant amounts of total dew re‐accumulated following displacement prior to 0400 h, indicating that dew displacement prior to that time may be much less efficient at reducing the duration of leaf wetness episodes, regardless of the displacement method used.
Synthesis of Designed W−WSe<sub>2</sub> Heterostructures from Superlattice Reactants (1996)

A nanocomposite consisting of alternating, orientated, crystalline layers of tungsten and tungsten diselenide was prepared using a designed elemental superlattice as the initial reactant. In binary tungsten−selenium multilayers, tungsten diselenide was observed to interfacially nucleate upon deposition and grow preferentially along the interface. This information was used to design a multilayer reactant containing a thick tungsten layer in addition to thin tungsten and selenium layers in the repeating unit. The evolution of the structure of the superlattice reactant as a function of annealing temperature was followed using both low- and high-angle diffraction. The diffraction data confirmed the formation of a superlattice or nanostructured composite consisting of alternating layers of tungsten and tungsten diselenide containing crystallites limited in c-axis domain size by the layer repeat.