gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Case-Control Study of Metabolic Therapy for Fibromyalgia (1998)

ABSTRACT The long-term effectiveness of metabolic therapy for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) involving the use of exogenous thyroid honnone was evaluated. Twenty treated FMS patients were compared with 20 matched evaluated but non-treated FMS patients. Treated patients successfully underwent metabolic therapy and were released as significantly improved or recovered between 1991 and 1995. Untreated patients were evaluated during this same time frame, but were not able to undergo treatment because of insufficient or absent insurance coverage. Patients were contacted by mail; they each filled out and returned a questionnaire with forms used to evaluate FMS status. Treated patients were matched with untreated patients based on time since initial evaluation, sex, and thyroid status. In each group, 10 (50%) patients had been classified as euthyroid, 6 (30%) as primary hypothy-roid, and 4 (20%) as central hypothyroid. Of treated patients, all but 1 euthyroid patient used T3, and all but 1 hypothyroid patient used T4. Both groups were compared at baseline and follow-up using chi square analysis for discontinuous variables. These included age, employment, thyroid status, duration of illness, and use of medications and other forms of treatment. Groups were also compared using analysis of variance for continuous variables at baseline and follow-up. These included pain distribution by the percentage and the ACR methods, mean symptom intensity, and scores on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung's). Because some patients were not available for physical examination at follow-up, mean algometer scores of tender points for the two groups were compared only for the initial evaluation. There were no significant differences at baseline between treated and untreated groups. At follow-up, Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed Rank Test showed that treated patients had decreased their use of antidepressants and NSAIDS; untreated patients had increased their use of antidepressants and anxiolytics. Comparison of baseline measures with follow-up measures for each group by r-tests showed that treated patients improved on all FMS measures, while untreated patients improved on none. Multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences between the two groups on FMS measures (F < 0.0005). Univariate analysis of variance revealed that at follow-up, compared to the untreated group, the treated group significantly improved specifically in pain distribution via the ACR method (F= 0.0002) and in pain distribution via the percentage method, mean symptom intensity, FIQ, and Zung's (F< 0.00005). We conclude that at l-to-5 year follow-up, the FMS status of euthyroid and hypothyroid patients who underwent metabolic therapy, including the use of exogenous thyroid hormone, significantly improved compared to matched untreated FMS patients (see Table 1). The continuation of improved FMS status for l-to-5 years effectively rules out a placebo effect as the mechanism of improvement.
Porous silicon-based rugate filters (2005)

We report an experimental study of porous silicon-based rugate filters. We performed filter apodization, following a half-apodization approach, which successfully attenuated the sidelobes at both sides of the photonic stop band. We achieved successful reduction of interference ripples through the insertion of index-matching layers on the first and last interfaces. An apodized dielectric mirror and a rugate filter are compared: Appreciable differences in the harmonic presence and stop-band performance were observed and are commented on. Bandwidth control when index contrast is modified is also demonstrated. Finally, the possibility of combining different rugate filter designs to attain more complex responses is demonstrated by the achievement of a multi-stop-band filter. Numerical calculations for design optimization and comparison with experimental data are reported too.
Clinical use of pentoxifylline in haemorrhagic disorders of the retina. (1980)

The clinical effect of pentoxifylline, given orally at doses of 300 mg to 600 mg for 3 months, was studied in 20 patients (23 eyes) with retinal haemorrhage caused by disturbances of retinal circulation, i.e. branch and/or total obstruction of the central retinal vein, obstruction of the central retinal artery, diabetic retinopathy and polycytaemic retinopathy. Twenty-two similar patients (27 eyes) formed a control group and were treated primarily with conventional fibrinolytic agents only. It was found that in the group treated with pentoxifylline, there was significantly earlier absorption of the haemorrhage and significantly less appearance of neovascularization. In some cases, prominent improvement of the arm-to-retina circulation time and a marked decrease in avascular areas were obtained. The difference in the improvement of visual acuity between the group treated with pentoxifylline and controls was less pronounced. Screening tests for haemorrhagic disorders were carried out in the group treated with pentoxifylline before and after administration. No side-effects causing haemorrhagic disorders were found. These results suggest that pentoxifylline is effective in preventing retinal or intra-vitreal neovascularization caused by retinal ischaemia and in hastening recovery from these diseases.
Object Detectors Emerge in Deep Scene CNNs (2014)

With the success of new computational architectures for visual processing, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and access to image databases with millions of labeled examples (e.g., ImageNet, Places), the state of the art in computer vision is advancing rapidly. One important factor for continued progress is to understand the representations that are learned by the inner layers of these deep architectures. Here we show that object detectors emerge from training CNNs to perform scene classification. As scenes are composed of objects, the CNN for scene classification automatically discovers meaningful objects detectors, representative of the learned scene categories. With object detectors emerging as a result of learning to recognize scenes, our work demonstrates that the same network can perform both scene recognition and object localization in a single forward-pass, without ever having been explicitly taught the notion of objects.
IPv6 (2007)

The Internet is changing - as it has to, because IPv4 does not support enough addresses for everyone alive today, let alone proliferating embedded and mobile devices. This paper discusses the advantages of Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) over IPv4. The main advantage of IPv6 is the increase in the number of addresses available for networked devices, allowing, for example, each mobile phone and mobile electronic device to have its own IP address.
A Probabilistic Relaxation Framework for Learning Bayesian Network Structures from Data (2007)

Graphical models have been very promising tools that can effectively model un-certainty, causal relationships, and conditional distributions among random vari-ables. This work proposes a new probabilistic method for learning Bayesian network structures from data. In the proposed method the existence of an edge in the network is no longer considered as a hard or deterministic issue, but rather we assign a certain probability for the existence of each edge. The proposed method uses a global optimization approach, originally developed for cluster-ing and classification problems, to find the set of edges probability that lead to the best network structure. The experimental results show that the proposed ap-proach achieves very promising results compared to other structure learning ap-proaches. Acknowledgments All praises and thanks are due to Allah, The Most Gracious, The Most Merciful, for providing me with the strength, and patience to complete this work.
Reforma de los arts. 154 Y 268 Cc: el derecho del menor a una educación libre de toda medida de fuerza o violencia (2008)

La Ley 54/2007 ha reformado los arts. 154 y 268 Cc para suprimir de su contenido el parrafo que permitia corregir razonable y moderadamente a los menores, y anadir que debe respetarse la integridad fisica y moral de estos. En este articulo se analiza y se interpreta esta reforma, teniendo en cuenta tanto el Derecho penal como la Psicologia concluyendo que debe distinguirse entre los actos de maltrato prohibidos por la Ley y ciertos actos irrelevantes no contrarios al bien del nino y socialmente admisibles.
The lung-specific CC10 gene is regulated by transcription factors from the AP-1, octamer, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 families. (1993)

We have shown that a large fragment (-2339 to +57) from the rat CC10 gene directed lung-specific expression of a reporter construct in transgenic animals. Upon transfection, a smaller fragment (-165 to +57) supported reporter gene expression exclusively in the Clara cell-like NCI-H441 cell line, suggesting that a Clara cell-specific transcriptional element resided on this fragment (B. R. Stripp, P. L. Sawaya, D. S. Luse, K. A. Wikenheiser, S. E. Wert, J. A. Huffman, D. L. Lattier, G. Singh, S. L. Katyal, and J. A. Whitsett, J. Biol. Chem. 267:14703-14712, 1992). The interactions of nuclear proteins with a particular segment of the CC10 promoter which extends from 79 to 128 bp upstream of the CC10 transcription initiation site (CC10 region I) have now been studied. This sequence can stimulate both in vitro transcription in H441 nuclear extract and transient expression of reporter constructs in H441 cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays using extracts from H441, HeLa, rat liver, and fetal sheep lung cells were used to demonstrate that members of the AP-1, octamer, and HNF-3 families bind to CC10 region I. Transcription factors from H441 cells which are capable of binding to CC10 region I are either absent in HeLa, rat liver, and fetal sheep lung extracts or enriched in H441 extracts relative to extracts from non-Clara cells.
Lineaments of the Apennine Front-Apollo 15 landing site (1972)

The well-developed systems of lineaments that suggest regional fracturing or layering of the bedrock in the mountains at the Apollo 15 site may be illusions created by oblique lighting rather than expressions of true geologic structure. Supporting evidence includes: (1) occurrence of similar dominant lineament trends on many of the slopes even though the slope orientations differ widely; (2) presence of a thick mantling regolith that should conceal bedrock structures; (3) approximate symmetry of some of the lineament sets about the sun line; (4) lack of clear-cut topographic expression for many of the lineaments; and (5) general similarity of the lunar lineaments to lineament patterns produced by low oblique lighting on model surfaces mantled by fine sifted powder. Locally, as at Silver Spur, some lineament trends are related to distinct topographic features and are more confidently interpreted to reflect underlying geologic structures.
Co-simulation with communication step size control in an FMI compatible master algorithm (2012)

Complex multi-disciplinary models in system dynamics are typically composed of subsystems. This modular structure of the model reflects the modular structure of complex engineering systems. In industrial applications, the individual subsystems are often modeled separately in different mono-disciplinary simulation tools. The Functional Mock-Up Interface (FMI) provides an interface standard for coupling physical models from different domains and addresses problems like export and import of model components in industrial simulation tools (FMI for Model Exchange) and the standardization of co-simulation interfaces in nonlinear system dynamics (FMI for Co-Simulation), see In November 2011, the third -version of FMI for Model Exchange and Co-Simulation v2.0 was released [13] that supports advanced numerical techniques in co-simulation like higher order extrapolation and interpolation of subsystem inputs, step size control including step rejection and Jacobian based linearly implicit stabilization techniques. Well known industrial simulation tools for applied dynamics support Version 1.0 of this standard and plan to support the forthcoming Version 2.0 in the near future, see the "Tools" tab of website The renewed interest in algorithmic and numerical aspects of co-simulation inspired some new investigations on error estimation and stabilization techniques in FMI for Model Exchange and Co-Simulation v2.0 compatible co-simulation environments. The present paper extends recent results from [3] on reliable error estimation and communication step size control in the framework of FMI for Model Exchange and Co-Simulation v2.0. Based on a strict mathematical analysis, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the local error and two error estimates that may be used to adapt the communication step size automatically to the changing solution behaviour during time integration. These theoretical results are illustrated by numerical tests for a (linear) quarter car model and provide a basis for future investigations with more complex coupled engineering systems.
Prostate Specific Antigen Density of the Transition Zone: A New Effective Parameter for Prostate Cancer Prediction (1997)

In our study PSA density of the transition zone was much more accurate in predicting prostate cancer than was total prostate PSA density for PSA levels of less than 10 ng./ml. With respect to the high sensitivity and specificity, if confirmed in large prospective studies, including patients seen for early diagnosis, PSA density of the transition zone could become a routine tool for urologists in the prediction of prostate cancer in men with a PSA of 4 to 10 ng./ml.
Special Aspects of Balanced Shielded Loops (1946)

The theory of operation of the balanced shielded loop antenna is reviewed. A method of analysis of this type of antenna is described, wherein transmission-line principles are utilized to account for the distributed nature of the loop constants for loops whose perimeters are of the order of one-quarter wavelength. It is shown that the loop conductor within the shield may be treated as a coaxial transmission line having uniformly distributed constants, and that the outer surface of the shield may be treated as a balanced two-conductor transmission line having nonuniform constants. A method is described whereby the relatively cumbersome equations of the latter type of transmission line may be avoided by the use of an "equivalent" line having uniform characteristic impedance. A sample calculation is included to illustrate the utility of this method of analysis.
Preventing instability damages in multiple finger heterojunction bipolar transistors by tunnel diode emitter design (2003)

We present a tunnel diode emitter structure capable of preventing instability damage in multiple finger high power heterojunction bipolar transistors. An Esaki diode pair vertically integrated to the wide bandgap emitter self-limits the finger current and prevents current runaway. We describe the principle of operation and demonstrate the electrical characteristics of a single finger in the proposed device.
Biliary protein output by isolated perfused rat livers. Effects of bile salts (1983)

The output of proteins into bile was studied by using isolated perfused rat livers. Replacement of rat blood with defined perfusion media deprived the liver of rat serum proteins (albumin, immunoglobulin A) and resulted in a rapid decline in the amounts of these proteins in bile. When bovine serum albumin was incorporated into the perfusion medium it appeared in bile within 20 min and the amount in the bile was determined by the concentration of the protein in the perfusion medium. The use of a defined perfusion medium also deprived the livers of bile salts and the amounts of these, and of plasma-membrane enzymes [5'-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) and phosphodiesterase I], in bile declined rapidly. Introduction of micelle-forming bile salts (taurocholate or glycodeoxycholate) to the perfusion medium 80 min after liver isolation markedly increased the output of plasma-membrane enzymes but had no effect on the other proteins. The magnitude of this response was dependent on the bile salt used and its concentration in bile; there was little effect on plasma-membrane enzyme output until the critical micellar concentration of the bile salt had been exceeded in the bile. A bile salt analogue, taurodehydrocholate, which does not form micelles, did not produce the enhanced output of plasma-membrane enzymes. This work supports the view that the output of plasma-membrane enzymes in bile is a consequence of bile salt output and also provides evidence for mechanisms by which serum proteins enter the bile.
Object recognition with hidden attributes (2016)

Attribute based object recognition performs object recognition using the semantic properties of the object. Unlike the existing approaches that treat attributes as a middle level representation and require to estimate the attributes during testing, we propose to incorporate the hidden attributes, which are the attributes used only during training to improve model learning and are not needed during testing. To achieve this goal, we develop two different approaches to incorporate hidden attributes. The first approach utilizes hidden attributes as additional information to improve the object classification model. The second approach further exploits the semantic relationships between the objects and the hidden attributes. Experiments on benchmark data sets demonstrate that both approaches can effectively improve the learning of the object classifiers over the baseline models that do not use attributes, and their combination reaches the best performance. Experiments also show that the proposed approaches outperform both state of the art methods that use attributes as middle level representation and the approaches that learn the classifiers with hidden information.
SELECTIVE HEAT INACTIVATION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL TRANSFORMING DEOXYRIBONUCLEATE (1961)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
High-resolution solid-state tin-119 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of ternary tin oxides (1989)

A series of ternary tin oxides has been studied by high-resolution solid state 119Sn magic angle spinning n.m.r. spectroscopy. Linear correlations were observed between the 119Sn chemical shift and the cation radius in compounds of the type MSnO3 and M2SnO4. Significant chemical shift anisotropies have been identified with bond-angle and bond-length distortions of the SnO6octahedra present in these phases, although no straightforward relationship was seen between the chemical shift tensor asymmetry and the crystallographic site symmetry. Spin–spin coupling was observed in several compounds between chemically equivalent but magnetically inequivalent 119Sn and 117Sn nuclei separated by Sn–O–Sn bonds.
Mast Cell–Derived Exosomes Activate Endothelial Cells to Secrete Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 (2005)

It can be concluded that mast cell-derived exosomes via significant upregulation of PAI-1 secretion from endothelial cells may provide feedback between the characteristically increased PAI-1 levels and procoagulant states, both observed in diverse syndromes manifesting as endothelial cell dysfunction.
Phase Transitions and Microstructure of Emulsion Systems Prepared with Acylglycerols/Zinc Stearate Emulsifier (2006)

The emulsification processes, during which acylglycerols/zinc stearate emulsifier, water, and oil phase formed ternary systems, such as water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, oil-in-water (O/W) dispersions, and unstable oil-water mixtures, were investigated in order to characterize the progressive transformations of the dispersed systems. The type, structure, and phase transitions of the systems were found to be determined by temperature and water phase content. Crystallization of the emulsifier caused the destabilization and subsequent phase inversion of the emulsions studied, at a temperature of 60-61 degrees C. The observed destabilization was temporary and led, at lower temperature, to W/O emulsions, "O/W + O" systems, or O/W dispersions, depending on the water content. Simultaneous emulsification and cooling of 20-50 wt % water systems resulted in the formation of stable W/O emulsions that contained a number of large water droplets with dispersed oil globules inside them ("W/O + O/W/O"). In water-rich systems (60-80 wt % of water), crystallization of the emulsifier was found to influence the formation of crystalline vesicle structures that coexisted, in the external water phase, with globules of crystallized oil phase. Results of calorimetric, rheological, and light scattering experiments, for the O/W dispersions obtained, indicate the possible transition of a monostearoylglycerol-based alpha-crystalline gel phase to a coagel state, in these multicomponent systems.
The lifetime evaluation of vapourised phase-change nano-droplets (2016)

Phase-change nano-droplets (PCNDs) are sub-micron particles that are coated with phospholipid and contain liquid-state perfluorocarbons such as perfluoropentane (boiling point=29°C) and perfluorohexane (boiling point=57°C), which can vapourise upon application of ultrasound. The bubbles generated by such reactions can serve as ultrasound contrast agents or HIFU sensitisers. However, the lifetime of bubbles generated from PCNDs on μs-order is not well known. Knowledge of the condition of PCND-derived bubbles on μs-order is essential for producing bubbles customised for specific purposes. In this study, we use an optical measurement system to measure the vapourisation and stability of the bubbles (bubble-lifetime) as well as the stability-controlling method of the nucleated bubbles on μs-order while changing the internal composition of PCNDs and the ambient temperature. PCND-derived bubbles remain in a bubble state when the boiling point of the internal composition is lower than the ambient temperature, but lose their optical contrast after approximately 10μs by re-condensation or dissolution when the boiling point of the internal composition is higher than the ambient temperature. We reveal that the superheating condition significantly affects the fate of vapourised PCNDs and that the bubble-lifetime can be controlled by changing both the ambient temperature conditions and the internal composition of PCNDs.
[Combined treatment of rectal cancer using intensive macrofractional preoperative irradiation]. (1990)

The article discusses the results of a cooperative randomized study according to evaluation of the efficacy of combined treatment in 451 patients among which 248 patients received an intensive course of macrofractional irradiation in cumulative local dose of--25 Gr. Intensive macrofractional irradiation increases neither the frequency of postoperative complications nor the mortality rate. At the same time, the combined method of treatment leads to a significant reduction in the frequency of a recurrent tumor and an increase in 5-year survival, particularly among patients with a stage III tumorous process. Combination of radiotherapy and surgery with the use of local UHF hyperthermia is the method of choice in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.