gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Ursinus Weekly, February 10, 1941 (1941)

Besse Howard will lead Wed. forum on pan- America • Bomberger committee will present Kathryn Boghetti in concert Thursday • Agan selects Arnold as junior prom chairman for formal on April 18 • Bear quintet in early season form defeat favored Muhlenberg, 43-41 • Juniors receive copies of class paper tonight • All-U conference and student service drive discussed at Y retreat • Women hold upper hand as Lorelei nears • Lincoln University will lead February 23 vespers • Showalter puts 'Lantern' deadline at February 21 • Dean Hitchler to speak tonight to law students • Hemisphere union debated by women at Wagner, Rutgers • French Club to see movie • Sturges to review Masefield • Schonfeld to discuss sports • Abstract from Hartley Simpson's book review of Dr. N. E. McClure's "Letters of John Chamberlain" • Amazons swamp Drexel and take Penn, but fall before ex-mates • High-scoring Lions hand grizzlies a drubbing, 57-35 • Kellettmen bow before last minute spurt of Mule frosh • MacMahon and Barab lead scoring parades • Rutgers pins bears by 29-10 victory • Albright freshmen beat cubs in 38-37 thriller Wednesday • Johnson releases 1941 Ursinus football card • Y committee to sponsor card party this Saturday • Prof. Michael conducts survey of 1940 class • Mr. Sheeder to publish survey article in registrars' publication • Jackson tells of attorneys' experiences with inventions • Men debaters travel to western part of the state • Thomas Schonfeld speaks before IRC meeting • Miss Spangler leads Valley Forge choir in Wayne recital • TKA to induct new members with banquet and contest • Hartman, Robbins in radio debate on "isms" question • Wagner receives Doctor of Philosophy degree at Penn
Efficient Synthesis of Linear Multifunctional Poly(ethylene glycol) by Copper(I)-Catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition (2007)

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a versatile biocompatible polymer. Improvement of its limited functionality (two chain termini) may significantly expand its current applications. In this communication, a simple and yet highly efficient strategy for the synthesis of linear multifunctional PEGs with "click" chemistry is reported. A short acetylene-terminated PEG was linked by 2,2-bis(azidomethyl)propane-1,3-diol using Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in water at room temperature. High-molecular-weight PEGs with pendant hydroxyl groups were obtained and characterized by 1H NMR and size-exclusion chromatography. A prototype bone-targeting polymeric drug delivery system was also successfully synthesized based on this new method. It demonstrates strong biomineral-binding ability and the ease of incorporating therapeutic agents into the delivery system. This simple "click" reaction approach provides a useful tool for the development of novel functional polymers and their conjugates for biomedical applications.
Performance evaluation for MAP state estimate fusion (2004)

This paper presents a quantitative performance evaluation method for the maximum a posteriori (MAP) state estimate fusion algorithm. Under ideal conditions where data association is assumed to be perfect, it has been shown that the MAP or best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE) fusion formula provides the best linear minimum mean squared estimate (LMMSE) given local estimates under the linear Gaussian assumption for a static system. However, for a dynamic system where fusion is recursively performed by the fusion center on local estimates generated from local measurements, it is not obvious how the MAP algorithm will perform. In the past, several performance evaluation methods have been proposed for various fusion algorithms, including simple convex combination, cross-covariance combination, information matrix, and MAP fusion. However, not much has been done to quantify the steady state behavior of these fusion methods for a dynamic system. The goal of this work is to present analytical fusion performance results for MAP state estimate fusion without extensive Monte Carlo simulations, using an approach developed for steady state performance evaluation for track fusion. Two different communication strategies are considered: fusion with and without feedback to the sensors. Analytic curves for the steady state performance of the fusion algorithm for various communication patterns are presented under different operating conditions.
ALCAM (CD166) expression and serum levels are markers for poor survival of esophageal cancer patients (2011)

The expression of the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM and CD166) is increased in various types of cancer. We aimed to evaluate its role as a prognostic marker for esophageal cancer (EC). We retrospectively analyzed ALCAM expression in 299 primary lesions, 147 lymph node and 46 distant metastases from EC patients, on a tissue microarray using immunohistochemistry. Bone marrow samples from representative cancer patients (n = 16), taken before primary surgery, were stained by double-immunofluorescence for ALCAM and cytokeratins (CK). Blood serum samples from 236 cancer patients and 127 controls were analyzed for serum ALCAM (s-ALCAM) by ELISA. The immunohistochemical analysis showed increased ALCAM expression in the majority of lesions (primary tumor 71%, lymph node 76% and distant metastases 80%). ALCAM expression was not associated with histopathological parameters except for tumor grading (p = 0.015). ALCAM-positive patients had significantly worse recurrence-free and overall survival (OS; p = 0.002). Disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow showed two phenotypes, ALCAM+/CK+ (36%) and ALCAM-/CK+ (64%). Multivariate analysis revealed that ALCAM expression and elevated s-ALCAM serum values are powerful prognostic variables for OS in patients with EC (hazard ratio [HR] 3.987, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.906-8.340, p < 0.001 and HR 1.915, 95%CI 1.021-3.592, p = 0.043). The results of our study provide preliminary evidence for the potential clinical utility of ALCAM as a prognostic biomarker for EC, which might be a basis for future clinical application. In addition, ALCAM expression in a subset of DTC of the bone marrow indicates a potential function in the metastatic cascade of EC.
[Fundamental and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of obstetrics and gynecology]. (1986)

The following results were obtained during pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical evaluation of the usefulness of the combination (1:1) of imipenem (MK-0787) and cilastatin sodium (MK-0791), an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I, in the treatment of patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections. Plasma concentrations of MK-0787 in antecubital vein and uterine artery were 18.2 micrograms/ml and 16.4 micrograms/ml, respectively, and of MK-0791 were 9.5 micrograms/ml and 10.3 micrograms/ml, respectively, at 1.28 hours after the end of a drip infusion of 0.5 g/0.5 g of MK-0787/MK-0791. Plasma concentrations of both MK-0787 and MK-0791 decreased slowly, and concentrations of the former in antecubital vein and uterine artery were 0.7 micrograms/ml and 1.0 micrograms/ml, respectively, and of the latter were 1.5 micrograms/ml and 1.9 micrograms/ml, respectively at 2.83 hours after the end of a drip infusion. Concentrations of the 2 agents in female genital tissues decreased with increasing time in a manner similar to concentrations in the plasma. Clinical responses in 10 patients were excellent in 2 and good in 8, and the efficacy rate was 100 percent. Organisms were isolated from all 10 patients before the treatment, but were eradicated in 9 patients by the treatment. No side effects were observed, but increase of eosinocytes was observed in 1 patient.
Data-driven modeling of the olfactory neural codes and their dynamics in the insect antennal lobe (2013)

Recordings from neurons in the insects' olfactory primary processing center, the antennal lobe (AL), reveal that the AL is able to process the input from chemical receptors into distinct neural activity patterns, called olfactory neural codes. These exciting results show the importance of neural codes and their relation to perception. The next challenge is to \emph{model the dynamics} of neural codes. In our study, we perform multichannel recordings from the projection neurons in the AL driven by different odorants. We then derive a neural network from the electrophysiological data. The network consists of lateral-inhibitory neurons and excitatory neurons, and is capable of producing unique olfactory neural codes for the tested odorants. Specifically, we (i) design a projection, an odor space, for the neural recording from the AL, which discriminates between distinct odorants trajectories (ii) characterize scent recognition, i.e., decision-making based on olfactory signals and (iii) infer the wiring of the neural circuit, the connectome of the AL. We show that the constructed model is consistent with biological observations, such as contrast enhancement and robustness to noise. The study answers a key biological question in identifying how lateral inhibitory neurons can be wired to excitatory neurons to permit robust activity patterns.
Mathematical Modeling of Cardiovascular System Dynamics Using a Lumped Parameter Method (2004)

This work reviews the main aspects of cardiovascular system dynamics with an emphasis on modeling hemodynamic characteristics by the use of a lumped parameter approach. The methodological and physiological aspects of the circulation dynamics are summarized with the help of existing mathematical models. The main characteristics of the hemodynamic elements, such as the heart and arterial and venous systems, are first described. Distributed models of an arterial network are introduced, and their characteristics are compared with those of lumped parameter models. We also discuss the nonlinear characteristics of the pressure-volume relationship in veins. Then the control pathways that participate in feedback mechanisms (baroreceptors and cardiopulmonary receptors) are described to explain the interaction between hemodynamics and autonomic nerve control in the circulation. Based on a set-point model, the computational aspects of reflex control are explained.
Selenopheno[3,2-c]- and [2,3-c]coumarins: Synthesis, cytotoxicity, angiogenesis inhibition, and antioxidant properties (2015)

A simple method for the synthesis of substituted selenopheno[2,3- c ] and -[3,2- c ]coumarins by treatment of the corresponding ethynylcoumarins with in situ prepared selenium(IV) bromide in 1,4-dioxane-water was elaborated. Molecular structures for selected derivatives were confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurements. The cytotoxic activity of novel selenophenocoumarins showed higher activity and lower acute toxicity than sodium selenite on various tumor cell lines as well as an ability for inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 – MMP-14), angiogenesis on matrigel in vitro and in vivo . The compounds exhibit antioxidant and prooxidant properties.
Fine-Tuning the Dispersion and the Mobility of BaO Domains on NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Storage Materials via TiO<sub>2</sub> Anchoring Sites (2010)

In an attempt to control the surface dispersion and the mobility of BaO domains on NOx storage materials, TiO2/TiOx anchoring sites were introduced on/inside the conventional γ-Al2O3 support matrix. BaO/TiO2/Al2O3 ternary oxide materials were synthesized via two different sol−gel preparation techniques, with varying surface compositions and morphologies. The synthesized NOx storage materials were studied via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, TPD, XPS, SEM, EDX-mapping, and in situ FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed NO2. NOx uptake properties of the BaO/TiO2/Al2O3 materials were found to be strongly influenced by the morphology and the surface structure of the TiO2/TiOx domains. An improved Ba surface dispersion was observed for the BaO/TiO2/Al2O3 materials synthesized via the coprecipitation of alkoxide precursors, which was found to originate mostly from the increased fraction of accessible TiO2/TiOx sites on the surface. These TiO2/TiOx sites function as strong anchoring sites for surface BaO domains and can be tailored to enhance surface dispersion of BaO. TPD experiments suggested the presence of at least two different types of NOx species adsorbed on the TiO2/TiOx sites, with distinctively different thermal stabilities. The relative stability of the NOx species adsorbed on the BaO/TiO2/Al2O3 system was found to increase in the following order: NO+/N2O3 on alumina ≪ nitrates on alumina < surface nitrates on BaO < bridged/bidentate nitrates on large/isolated TiO2 clusters < bulk nitrates on BaO on alumina surface and bridged/bidentate nitrates on TiO2 crystallites homogenously distributed on the surface < bulk nitrates on the BaO sites located on the TiO2 domains.
Interconnection lengths and VLSI (1985)

It is found that average interconnection lengths in a very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuit that is functionally partitioned do not continue to increase as device sizes are scaled down and chips become more densely packed. Although pin requirements still increase, this increase is much smaller than expected from common expressions of Rent's rule. These results suggest that the important dimension in VLSI is of information flow.
Mapping and comparing the distribution of soil carbon under cropping and grazing management practices in Narrabri, north-west New South Wales (2010)

The reliable assessment of soil carbon stock is of key importance for soil conservation and mitigation strategies related to reducing atmospheric carbon. Measuring and monitoring soil carbon is complex because carbon pools cycle and rates of carbon sequestration vary across the landscape due to climate, soil type, and management practices. A new methodology has been developed and applied to make an assessment of the distribution of total, organic, and inorganic carbon at a grains research and grazing property in northern New South Wales at a high spatial resolution. In this study, baseline soil carbon maps were created using fine resolution, geo-referenced, proximal sensor data. Coupled with a digital elevation model and secondary terrain attributes, all of the data layers were combined by k-means clustering to develop a stratified random soil sampling scheme for the survey area. Soil samples taken at 0.15-m increments to a depth of 1 m were scanned with a mid-infrared spectrometer, which was calibrated using a proportion of the samples that were analysed in a laboratory for total carbon and inorganic carbon content. This combination of new methodologies and technologies has the potential to provide large volumes of reliable, fine resolution and timely data required to make baseline assessments, mapping, monitoring, and verification possible. This method has the potential to make soil carbon management and trading at the farm-scale possible by quantifying the carbon stock to a depth of 1 m and at a high spatial resolution.
AMP-activated Protein Kinase Attenuates Nitric Oxide-induced β-Cell Death (2009)

During the initial autoimmune response in type 1 diabetes, islets are exposed to a damaging mix of pro-inflammatory molecules that stimulate the production of nitric oxide by beta-cells. Nitric oxide causes extensive but reversible cellular damage. In response to nitric oxide, the cell activates pathways for functional recovery and adaptation as well as pathways that direct beta-cell death. The molecular events that dictate cellular fate following nitric oxide-induced damage are currently unknown. In this study, we provide evidence that AMPK plays a primary role controlling the response of beta-cells to nitric oxide-induced damage. AMPK is transiently activated by nitric oxide in insulinoma cells and rat islets following IL-1 treatment or by the exogenous addition of nitric oxide. Active AMPK promotes the functional recovery of beta-cell oxidative metabolism and abrogates the induction of pathways that mediate cell death such as caspase-3 activation following exposure to nitric oxide. Overall, these data show that nitric oxide activates AMPK and that active AMPK suppresses apoptotic signaling allowing the beta-cell to recover from nitric oxide-mediated cellular stress.
Providing basic security mechanisms in broker-less publish/subscribe systems (2010)

The provisioning of basic security mechanisms such as authentication and confidentiality is highly challenging in a content-based publish/subscribe system. Authentication of publishers and subscribers is difficult to achieve due to the loose coupling of publishers and subscribers. Similarly, confidentiality of events and subscriptions conflicts with content-based routing. In particular, content-based approaches in broker-less environments do not address confidentiality at all. This paper presents a novel approach to provide confidentiality and authentication in a broker-less content-based publish-subscribe system. The authentication of publishers and subscribers as well as confidentiality of events is ensured, by adapting the pairing-based cryptography mechanisms, to the needs of a publish/subscribe system. Furthermore, an algorithm to cluster subscribers according to their subscriptions preserves a weak notion of subscription confidentiality. Our approach provides fine grained key management and the cost for encryption, decryption and routing is in the order of subscribed attributes. Moreover, the simulation results verify that supporting security is affordable with respect to the cost for overlay construction and event dissemination latencies, thus preserving scalability of the system.
DSP implementation and performance evaluation of sparse-tap adaptive FIR filters with tap-position control (2002)

This paper presents the implementation and performance evaluation of sparse-tap adaptive FIR filters with tap-position control. For the reduction of computational costs, a small number of filter coefficients are assigned to significant regions in the impulse response. A floating-point digital signal processor (DSP) ADSP-21020 is used for the implementation. For one second of end-to-end delay and 32 milliseconds of total significant-region length, the number of computations is reduced to almost one-tenth compared with a full-tap FIR adaptive filter using the same DSP. Experimental results using a telephone network simulator show that the implemented echo canceller reduces the echo by almost 20 dB for both white-noise and real speech signals. Tracking performance for phase rolls and flat-delay changes is also examined.
A theoretical study of the structure of parathyroid hormone. (1980)

Theoretical analysis of the tertiary and secondary structure of parathyroid hormone was conducted. By combining interpretations from this analysis with chemical data available in the literature, certain structural features of the hormone are consistently predicted. The proposed model for the hormone contains two domains dominated by hydrophobic clustering of critical residues within each domain and separated by an exposed linker region. In the prediction of two domains with a linker region, the model is similar to that proposed by Fiskin et al. [Fiskin, A.M., Cohn, D.M. & Peterson, G.S. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 8261-8268], but it differs significantly in other respects. The proposed structural features are apparent in the bovine, human, and porcine species of hormone.
MPEG-2 video decoder for the digital HDTV Grand Alliance system (1995)

A real-time video decoder which can decompress an MPEG-2 video bitstream having a bitrate up to 45 Mb/s is described. The decoder, which can operate at HDTV pixel rates, was built as part of the Grand Alliance (GA) HDTV system. It is currently undergoing testing by the Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service (ACATS). The hardware converts encoded bitstreams into displayable video signals. Various video and film frame rates are supported, and switching between all format and frame rate combinations is accomplished seamlessly. This paper describes the GA video decoder hardware architecture and implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Estudio comparativo entre las propiedades de combustión de la mezcla biogás-aire normal y biogás-aire enriquecido con oxígeno (2011)

"La búsqueda de alternativas energéticas de origen renovable y la disminución de gases de efecto invernadero provenientes de la descomposición de desechos orgánicos hacen del biogás una prometedora alternativa para la sustitución de combustibles fósiles y para la valorización energética de residuos orgánicos en zonas urbanas, rurales y agroindustriales. En el presente trabajo se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad de las propiedades de combustión del biogás con enriquecimiento de aire con oxígeno en un rango entre 22 y 35% O2. Los resultados indican que la velocidad de deflaración laminar, la temperatura de llama adiabática, el porcentaje en volumen de CO2, la temperatura de rocío y el porcentaje de H2O se incrementaron cuando el porcentaje de oxígeno en el aire fue mayor que 21% O2, mientras que propiedades como el volumen de aire estequiométrico, volumen de humos húmedos, volumen de humos secos y la energía mínima de ignición, disminuyeron."
Investigation of Gate Etch Damage at Metal/High-$k$ Gate Dielectric Stack Through Random Telegraph Noise in Gate Edge Direct Tunneling Current (2011)

Plasma damage on a high-k/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> dielectric at a gate edge during a dry etch process is investigated. The damage was observed to generate slow oxide traps, causing a random telegraph noise (RTN) in a gate edge direct tunneling current. Through the analysis of the RTN, the distribution of the oxide traps in the high-k/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> dielectric was obtained, and the plasma-damage-induced oxide traps were found to be distributed over a wide area of the high-k/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> sidewall at the gate edge region.
Optical technologies for intraoperative neurosurgical guidance (2016)

Biomedical optics is a broadly interdisciplinary field at the interface of optical engineering, biophysics, computer science, medicine, biology, and chemistry, helping us understand light-tissue interactions to create applications with diagnostic and therapeutic value in medicine. Implementation of biomedical optics tools and principles has had a notable scientific and clinical resurgence in recent years in the neurosurgical community. This is in great part due to work in fluorescence-guided surgery of brain tumors leading to reports of significant improvement in maximizing the rates of gross-total resection. Multiple additional optical technologies have been implemented clinically, including diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and imaging, optical coherence tomography, Raman spectroscopy and imaging, and advanced quantitative methods, including quantitative fluorescence and lifetime imaging. Here we present a clinically relevant and technologically informed overview and discussion of some of the major clinical implementations of optical technologies as intraoperative guidance tools in neurosurgery.
Wideband and ultra wideband direct chaotic communications (2003)

We introduce a high rate wireless communication scheme, based on wideband and ultra wideband chaotic carriers, generated directly in the microwave frequency band. The main features and performance of the proposed scheme are discussed. An experimental model of the system is designed and a series of experiments, demonstrating wireless transmission with data rates up to 200 Mbps, is carried out.