gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-frequency sound absorbing material with subwavelength thickness (2017)

We propose a sound absorbing material efficient for low frequency. This material is mainly composed of two axially coupled tubes in series, which are co-planarly coiled in a plane perpendicular to incident waves. By carefully designing the geometric parameters of the coupled tubes, we can overlap the absorption coefficient curves of each individual tube and are therefore able to broaden the frequency bandwidth within which the absorption coefficient is larger than a designed value. A material with an absorption coefficient greater than 0.8 over a frequency bandwidth of 36 Hz for a low frequency of around 100 Hz can be designed, and the wavelength to thickness ratio reaches as high as 38.5. The experiment measurement with the sample made by the 3D printing technique is also conducted to validate the proposed design method. This work may stimulate the research studies on and applications for low frequency sound absorption.
Fabrication of Long-Fiber-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites Using Ultrasonic Consolidation (2021)

This research is a systematic study exploring a new fabrication methodology for long-fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) using a novel additive manufacturing technology. The research is devoted to the manufacture of long-fiber-reinforced MMC structures using the Ultrasonic Consolidation (UC) process. The main objectives of this research are to investigate the bond formation mechanisms and fiber embedment mechanisms during UC, and further to study the effects of processing parameters on bond formation and fiber embedment, and the resultant macroscopic mechanical properties of UC-made MMC structures. From a fundamental research point of view, bond formation mechanisms and fiber embedment mechanisms have been clarified by the current research based on various experimental observations. It has been found that atomic bonding across nascent metal is the dominant bond formation mechanism during the UC process, whereas the embedded fiber are mechanically entrapped within matrix materials due to significant plastic deformation of the matrix material during embedment. From a manufacturing process point of view, the effects of processing parameters on bond formation and fiber embedment during the UC process have been studied and optimum levels of parameters have been identified for manufacture of MMC structures. An energy-based model has been developed as a first step toward analytically understanding the effects of processing parameters on the quality of ultrasonically consolidated structures. From a material applications point of view, the mechanical properties of ultrasonically consolidated structures with and without the presence of fibers have been characterized. The effects on mechanical properties of UC-made structures due to the presence of embedded fibers have been discussed.
Synthesis of Biaryls through Aromatic CH Bond Activation: A Review of Recent Developments (2014)

Abstract This review describes recent progress made in the rapidly developing field of CH bond activation, in particular for syntheses of biaryls. The catalysts presented here provide convenient strategies for the direct arylation of arenes, via single or double CH bond activation, leading to inter‐, and intramolecular carbon‐carbon bond formation. The literature from mid‐2009 to December 2013 has been discussed. magnified image
A Random Sequencing Approach for the Analysis of the <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Genome: General Structure, Large Gene and Repetitive DNA Families, and Gene Discovery (2000)

A random sequence survey of the genome of Trypanosoma cruzi , the agent of Chagas disease, was performed and 11,459 genomic sequences were obtained, resulting in ∼4.3 Mb of readable sequences or ∼10% of the parasite haploid genome. The estimated total GC content was 50.9%, with a high representation of A and T di- and trinucleotide repeats. Out of the estimated 5000 parasite genes, 947 putative new genes were identified. Another 1723 sequences corresponded to genes detected previously in T. cruzi through expression sequence tag analysis. 7735 sequences had no matches in the database, but the presence of open reading frames that passed Fickett's test suggests that some might contain coding DNA. The survey was highly redundant, with ∼35% of the sequences included in a few large sequence families. Some of them code for protein families present in dozens of copies, including proteins essential for parasite survival and retrotransposons. Other sequence families include repetitive DNA present in thousands of copies per haploid genome. Some families in the latter group are new, parasite-specific, repetitive DNAs. These results suggest that T. cruzi could constitute an interesting model to analyze gene and genome evolution due to its plasticity in terms of sequence amplification and divergence. Additional information can be found at http://www.iib.unsam.edu.ar/tcruzi.gss.html . [The sequence data described in this paper have been submitted to the dbGSS database under the following GenBank accession nos.: AQ443439 – AQ443513 , AQ443743 – AQ445667 , AQ902981 – AQ911366 , AZ049857 – AZ051184 , and AZ302116 – AZ302563 .]
Touchdown to take-off: at the interface of flight and surface locomotion (2016)

Small aerial robots are limited to short mission times because aerodynamic and energy conversion efficiency diminish with scale. One way to extend mission times is to perch, as biological flyers do. Beyond perching, small robot flyers benefit from manoeuvring on surfaces for a diverse set of tasks, including exploration, inspection and collection of samples. These opportunities have prompted an interest in bimodal aerial and surface locomotion on both engineered and natural surfaces. To accomplish such novel robot behaviours, recent efforts have included advancing our understanding of the aerodynamics of surface approach and take-off, the contact dynamics of perching and attachment and making surface locomotion more efficient and robust. While current aerial robots show promise, flying animals, including insects, bats and birds, far surpass them in versatility, reliability and robustness. The maximal size of both perching animals and robots is limited by scaling laws for both adhesion and claw-based surface attachment. Biomechanists can use the current variety of specialized robots as inspiration for probing unknown aspects of bimodal animal locomotion. Similarly, the pitch-up landing manoeuvres and surface attachment techniques of animals can offer an evolutionary design guide for developing robots that perch on more diverse and complex surfaces.
Elevation of Intraocular Pressure by Calcium Channel Blockers (1984)

Topical administration of three different calcium channel blockers (verapamil hydrochloride, diltiazem hydrochloride, or nifedipine) increased intraocular pressure transiently in rabbits. Outflow facility and episcleral venous pressure were unchanged. Aqueous humor flow seemed to be increased 30 minutes after topical application of verapamil when estimated by the Goldmann equation or by changes in anterior chamber fluorescein-labeled dextran concentration. However, aqueous humor ascorbate concentrations and turnover of radioactive iodide did not differ from that in the untreated eye. Ocular blood volume was found to be increased after topical application of verapamil, which suggested vascular changes as a possible mechanism for the induced increase in IOP. Topical verapamil raised IOP in healthy human volunteers, but the elevation was less than observed in rabbits. Single oral doses of verapamil in rabbits or human beings had no effect on IOP.
Nonpolar, Polar, and Associating Solutes in Ionic Liquids (2006)

The existence of microphase segregation between polar and nonpolar domains in ionic liquids changes the way in which solvation can be understood in these media. Here, we perform a structural analysis on the solvation of nonpolar, polar, and associating solutes in imidazolium-based ionic liquids, where this novel way of understanding their nature as microsegregated solvents is correlated with their ability to interact with different species in diverse and complex ways.
The Staged Management of Ophthalmic Complications of Facial Nerve Palsy (1993)

A six-stage approach to the management of the ophthalmic complications of facial palsy was developed to aid the physician in logically organizing therapy and to provide patients with reassuring goals. This stepwise approach was applied prospectively in 120 consecutive facial palsy patients from 1986 to 1990. The six stages included (a) supportive care (with and without tarsorrhaphy), (b) planning facial reanimation, (c) lower eyelid and lateral canthal resuspension, (d) passive upper eyelid reanimation, (e) dynamic eyelid animation (palpebral springs), and (f) soft tissue repositioning including eyebrow lift and blepharoplasty. Each stage was considered in order, although action in each stage was not appropriate for all patients. All 120 patients received supportive care, which was all that was necessary to accomplish the therapeutic goals for 63 (52.5%). Eight patients received temporary tarsorrhaphies (7%) and 14 (12%) permanent. One hundred ten were considered for stage 2. Thirty-five underwent stage 3 procedures, 30 received gold weights in stage 4, 5 had palpebral springs placed in stage 5, and 6 underwent stage 6 procedures. This staged approach was effective in achieving corneal compensation, maintaining vision, and improving the quality of life in all patients.
Development and characterization of a vector set with regulated promoters for systematic metabolic engineering in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2012)

A set of vectors was constructed that enable combined and systematic testing of metabolic pathway genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The vectors are available as CEN/ARS and 2 µ-based plasmids with a choice of three inducible promoters, P(GAL1) , P(CUP1) and P(ADH2) . These features offer control over the initiation and level of gene expression. In addition, the vectors can be used as templates to generate PCR fragments for targeted chromosomal integration of gene expression cassettes. Selection markers are flanked by loxP elements to allow efficient CreA-mediated marker removal and recycling after genomic integration. For each promoter, expression of a bacterial lacZ reporter gene was characterized from plasmid-based and integrated chromosomal cassettes, and compared to that of the glycolytic P(PGK1) promoter. Plasmid stabilities were also determined. The promoters showed distinct activity profiles useful for modulating expression of metabolic pathway genes. This series of plasmids with inducible promoters extends our previous vector set carrying the constitutive promoters P(PGK1) , P(TEF1) and P(HXT7-391) .
American Society of Clinical Oncology Provisional Clinical Opinion: Testing for <i>KRAS</i> Gene Mutations in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma to Predict Response to Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Therapy (2009)

ASCO's provisional clinical opinions (PCOs) reflect expert consensus based on clinical evidence and literature available at the time they are written, and are intended to assist physicians in clinical decision-making and identify questions and settings for further research. Due to the rapid flow of scientific information in oncology, new evidence may have emerged since the time a PCO was submitted for publication. PCOs are not continually updated and may not reflect the most recent evidence. PCOs cannot account for individual variation among patients, and cannot be considered inclusive of all proper methods of care or exclusive of other treatments. It is the responsibility of the treating physician or other health care provider, relying on independent experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine the best course of treatment for the patient. Accordingly, adherence to any PCO is voluntary, with the ultimate determination regarding its application to be made by the physician in light of each patient's individual circumstances. ASCO PCOs describe the use of procedures and therapies in clinical practice and cannot be assumed to apply to the use of these interventions in the context of clinical trials. ASCO assumes no responsibility for any injury or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of ASCO's PCOs, or for any errors or omissions.
Live Electrooptic Imaging System Based on Ultraparallel Photonic Heterodyne for Microwave Near-Fields (2007)

We report on 100 x 100 pixel live electrooptic imaging (LEI), which is real-time imaging of electrical signals on a microwave circuit. The circuit's electric near-fields can be depicted in real time on a display screen at video frame rates as high as 30 frames/s. This system is based on photonics technology in which electric near-fields are applied to an electrooptic crystal plate and a sensing light beam is modulated there. The frequency of modulation is down-converted by using a photonic heterodyne of large-scale parallelism, and the spatial pattern of the electrooptic modulation is detected with a high-speed image sensor. A digital signal processor is used to extract the frequency component of interest and to animate it on the display screen. As examples, we present live pictures of electric field pattern data acquired by the LEI system in a real-time manner.
High resolution acoustic impulse response in air with spectral extrapolation by linear prediction (2002)

We present an experimental evaluation of high-resolution acoustic impulse responses of structured objects in air obtained by a new signal processing technique. Typical acoustic transducers in air have a high Q of 20 and a narrow passband of 40 kHz around the resonance frequency of 200 kHz. First we have simply deconvolved the echo signal of an object with the transfer function of the measuring system using a standard reflector. After an adequate extraction of the spectrum of the passband, we have extrapolated it over to a wide-band spectrum from 0 Hz to 3 MHz by a factor of 75 by a linear prediction using an AR model and Levinson's recursive formula with no such a sensitivity to the prediction order as in the power spectral estimation. Resolution of the reconstructed impulse responses of structured objects in air is a sampling spacing /spl Delta/x=0.024 mm which corresponds to a sampling frequency of 6 MHz, and the range accuracy is within 5 /spl Delta/x.
Percutaneous treatment of aortic valve stenosis (2008)

Aortic valve replacement via open heart surgery, although still the standard treatment for severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis, is not an option for many patients with severe symptoms, and these patients are often left with suboptimal strategies such as medical management or balloon valvuloplasty. But over the last 5 years improvements in percutaneous approaches to implantation of prosthetic aortic valves have made it a potential therapeutic option for these patients. Technical and device issues are being refined, and percutaneous aortic valve replacement is showing promise in ongoing clinical trials.
Design and Construction of a Speed Bump Power Generator (2017)

Designing energy recovery systems that are pollution free has become a significant goal within the research community. One of numerous systems that have been proposed is Speed Bump Power Generator (SBPG) system that produces electrical power by utilizing the movements of commuting vehicles on highways, boulevards, and streets. When vehicles pass over a SBPG system, the system translates vertically. Consequently, a kinetic energy is produced and transferred into electrical power. In this project, an experimental analysis is performed on the rack-and-pinion system. Results show that electrical power of upto 1.9 kw can be generated from the designed system.
A new i-vector approach and its application to irrelevant variability normalization based acoustic model training (2011)

This paper presents a new approach to extracting a low-dimensional i-vector from a speech segment to represent acoustic information irrelevant to phonetic classification. Compared with the traditional i-vector approach, a full factor analysis model with a residual term is used. New procedures for hyperparameter estimation and i-vector extraction are derived and presented. The proposed i-vector approach is applied to acoustic sniffing for irrelevant variability normalization based acoustic model training in large vocabulary continuous speech recognition. Its effectiveness is confirmed by experimental results on Switchboard-1 conversational telephone speech transcription task.
A modeling framework for operating systems courses (2006)

This paper describes a Java modeling framework that is intended for pedagogical use in operating systems courses. With this framework, students in an introductory operating systems course can develop and/or experiment with numerous models of non-trivial OS components without the complexities of integrating their work into a real operating system. Students should be able to use this framework if they have completed a Java programming course. In addition, students can use models we have developed to carry out detailed examinations of the performance tradeoffs of various operating system and hardware configuration options.
Engineering Studies of Protein Secretion in Recombinant <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1991)

A recombinant model system consisting of either the MFα1 (α-factor) or the SUC2 promoter/signal-sequence fused to the SUC2 structural gene (codes for the yeast enzyme invertase) was used to study secreted protein localization and kinetics in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The MFα1 and SUC2-directed secretion transported similar amounts of total specific invertase activity out of the cytoplasm. Multiple copies of the SUC2 gene on a 2µm based plasmid resulted in a four fold increase in total invertase produced over the wild type, and a five fold increase in invertase secreted to the medium. Derepression of the SUC2 promoter showed rapid expression and secretion of invertase into the periplasm, with slow passage through the cell wall to the fermentation broth.
Calculated properties of electrostatic einzel lenses of three apertures (1969)

A least-squares collocation method has been used to calculate the potential distributions of electrostatic einzel lenses consisting of three thin apertures. The focal lengths, principal plane positions and spherical aberration coefficients have been obtained by numerical integration of the ray equations.
Replication-defective missense mutations within the terminal protein and spacer/intron regions of the polymerase gene of human hepatitis B virus (1991)

We have analyzed 11 independent mutations located at various domains of the polymerase gene (pol) of human hepatitis B virus. Surprisingly, one of the two missense mutants within the spacer/intron region appears to be lethal. This result further defines the N-terminal limit of the reverse transcriptase domain. Alternatively, it suggests the potential existence of a novel domain with an unknown function. Two missense mutations within the terminal protein (TP) domain appear to be replication-defective as well, suggesting a functionally essential role of the TP domain in DNA replication.
Inductive learning with exceptions--a more general case in machine inductive learning (1988)

This research develops and extends the concept of machine inductive learning by introducing exceptions into the learning set and developing techniques to respond to those exceptions. This research also provides a method to generalize concepts with exceptions.
The idea of two different kinds of exceptions is presented. A set of new generalization rules is developed to solve the exceptions in the domain of concepts, and a threshold condition is introduced to aid the solution of exceptions in the domain of events instead of the normal use of consistency condition.
A learning system, Generalization Of Concept (GOC), is constructed to demonstrate inductive learning with exceptions. Two example applications are solved by the GOC system illustrating this new approach. Another example presents the idea that generalization of concept can be applied to simplify decision rules.
Iron‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Tertiary Silanes (2009)

A variety of tertiary silanes, even those with functional substituents, undergo an unprecedented iron-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling (see scheme) in a convenient approach to disilanes, including unsymmetrical disilanes and polymers with Si-Si bonds in the backbone. Consideration of the catalytic reaction pathway revealed the intermediacy of a hydrido(disilyl)iron(IV) complex.
β-Keto Acetals. I. Synthesis of Pyrazoles and Pyrimidines and the Steric Inhibition of Resonance in 5-Alkyl-1-p-nitrophenylpyrazoles (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTβ-Keto Acetals. I. Synthesis of Pyrazoles and Pyrimidines and the Steric Inhibition of Resonance in 5-Alkyl-1-p-nitrophenylpyrazolesD. M. BURNESSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1956, 21, 1, 97–101Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01107a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01107a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views637Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Many-body quantum state tomography with neural networks (2017)

The experimental realization of increasingly complex synthetic quantum systems calls for the development of general theoretical methods, to validate and fully exploit quantum resources. Quantum-state tomography (QST) aims at reconstructing the full quantum state from simple measurements, and therefore provides a key tool to obtain reliable analytics. Brute-force approaches to QST, however, demand resources growing exponentially with the number of constituents, making it unfeasible except for small systems. Here we show that machine learning techniques can be efficiently used for QST of highly-entangled states, in both one and two dimensions. Remarkably, the resulting approach allows one to reconstruct traditionally challenging many-body quantities - such as the entanglement entropy - from simple, experimentally accessible measurements. This approach can benefit existing and future generations of devices ranging from quantum computers to ultra-cold atom quantum simulators.