gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LTE Converged Gateway IP Flow Mobility Solution (2012)

IP Flow Mobility (IFOM) is a feature defined in the 3GPP standards. In this paper we propose a Converged Gateway (CGW) which enables IFOM to perform seamless offload from licensed spectrum to unlicensed spectrum. The IFOM functionality within the CGW takes into account the current conditions, rules provisioned from the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network and local administrator rules that are merged with the rules provisioned from the core network. This functionality will manage IP Flows from their inception until their end. It will actively decide the optimal link to use for the delivery of data to an end-user device. Routing rules are used to decide the initial transport assignment of an IP Flow. Then once an IP Flow has been identified by Deep Packet Inspection (DPI), it will be placed on the transport according to its type and the rule for that type. Periodically, the CGW will perform load balancing to most effectively utilize the links. We then show a few examples based on a set of rules and flow types.
Damage and replication checkpoint control in fission yeast is ensured by interactions of Crb2, a protein with BRCT motif, with Cut5 and Chk1 (1997)

Fission yeast Cut5/Rad4 plays a unique role in the genome maintenance as it is required for replication, replication checkpoint, and normal UV sensitivity. It is unknown, however, how Cut5 protein is linked to other checkpoint proteins, and what part it plays in replication and UV sensitivity. Here we report that Cut5 interacts with a novel checkpoint protein Crb2 and that this interaction is needed for normal genome maintenance. The carboxyl terminus of Crb2 resembles yeast Rad9 and human 53BP1 and BRCA1. Crb2 is required for checkpoint arrests induced by irradiation and polymerase mutations, but not for those induced by inhibited nucleotide supply. Upon UV damage, Crb2 is transiently modified, probably phosphorylated, with a similar timing of phosphorylation in Chk1 kinase, which is reported to restrain Cdc2 activation. Crb2 modification requires other damage-sensing checkpoint proteins but not Chk1, suggesting that Crb2 acts at the upstream of Chk1. The modified Crb2 exists as a slowly sedimenting form, whereas Crb2 in undamaged cells is in a rapidly sedimenting structure. Cut5 and Crb2 interact with Chk1 in a two-hybrid system. Moreover, moderate overexpression of Chk1 suppresses the phenotypes of cut5 and crb2 mutants. Cut5, Crb2, and Chk1 thus may form a checkpoint sensor-transmitter pathway to arrest the cell cycle.
Strong radiation force induced in two-dimensional photonic crystal slab cavities (2008)

Radiation force induced by an electromagnetic field stored in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab is examined. We considered two different types of photonic crystal cavities, namely, double-layer slab cavity structures and air-slot cavity structures. With double-layer structures, induced force is attractive or repulsive depending on the spatial symmetry of the stored electromagnetic field profile. For air-slot structures, we showed that a horizontal attractive force is induced between slabs, and it could be stronger than that for double-layer structures in the case considered here. The induced force on a photonic crystal slab is so strong that it can be detected experimentally with the microelectromechanical systems technique. A simple physical model based on a coupled-resonator well describes these results.
<title>Design of 3D visualization of search results: evolution and evaluation</title> (2000)

We discuss the evolution of the NIST Information Retrieval Visualization Engine. This prototype employs modern interactive visualization techniques to provide easier access to a set of documents resulting from a query to a search engine. The motivation and evaluation of several design features, such as keywork to concept mapping, explicit clustering, the use of 3D vs. 2D, and the relationship of visualization to logical structure are described. In particular, the result of an extensive usability experiment show how visualization may lead to either increased or decreased cognitive load.
Air entrainment in hairy surfaces (2016)

Inspired by the fur of semi-aquatic mammals, this hybrid experimental and theoretical study investigates dynamic air entrainment in hairy textures. Using a porous media model, the air entrainment is described via a competition between the hydrostatic forcing and the viscous resistance in the pores.
Carrying Position Influences Infant Behavior (1996)

Three‐month‐old infants were carried by their mothers in a soft infant carrier designed for infants being faced inward or faced outward. A within subjects comparison of these two positions revealed that when the infants were carried facing‐in, they spent significantly more time sleeping and were rarely actively awake and looking at the environment. In contrast, the infants were more active in the facing‐out position including more time moving their arms, head turning, kicking and looking at their environment.
Oscillator strengths for optical band-to-band processes in GaN epilayers (1996)

We investigated the evolution of the relative oscillator strengths of the A, B, and C excitons in \ensuremath{\alpha}-GaN epilayers grown along the [0001] direction on sapphire, 6HSiC, and ZnO substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and molecular-beam epitaxy. A universal model was found to account for the observed spectroscopic features regardless of the substrate employed. In addition, we found that, due to the small value of the spin-orbit interaction compared to the stress-induced modifications of the interlevel splitting, C and B lines may undergo a strain-induced exchange of their oscillator strengths when strain field in the epilayers varies from biaxial tension towards biaxial compression. Moreover, we can account for the strain-induced distribution of radiative recombination rates in high-quality GaN epilayers. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Energy transfer in chemiluminescence. II (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnergy transfer in chemiluminescence. IIDavid F. Roswell, Vincent Paul, and Emil Henry WhiteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 16, 4855–4860Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00719a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00719a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design of protein function leaps by directed domain interface evolution (2008)

Most natural proteins performing sophisticated tasks contain multiple domains where an active site is located at the domain interface. Comparative structural analyses suggest that major leaps in protein function occur through gene recombination events that connect two or more protein domains to generate a new active site, frequently occurring at the newly created domain interface. However, such functional leaps by combination of unrelated domains have not been directly demonstrated. Here we show that highly specific and complex protein functions can be generated by joining a low-affinity peptide-binding domain with a functionally inert second domain and subsequently optimizing the domain interface. These directed evolution processes dramatically enhanced both affinity and specificity to a level unattainable with a single domain, corresponding to >500-fold and >2,000-fold increases of affinity and specificity, respectively. An x-ray crystal structure revealed that the resulting "affinity clamp" had clamshell architecture as designed, with large additional binding surface contributed by the second domain. The affinity clamps having a single-nanomolar dissociation constant outperformed a monoclonal antibody in immunochemical applications. This work establishes evolutionary paths from isolated domains with primitive function to multidomain proteins with sophisticated function and introduces a new protein-engineering concept that allows for the generation of highly functional affinity reagents to a predefined target. The prevalence and variety of natural interaction domains suggest that numerous new functions can be designed by using directed domain interface evolution.
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence and Proton‐Dependent Switching of Fluorescence: Functionalized Difluoroboradiaza‐<i>s</i>‐indacenes (1997)

Suitable for light-emitting diodes or as pH sensors, the difluoroboradiaza-s-indacenes of type 1 luminesce after electrochemical excitation (X = H) or show on/off switching of fluorescence sensitivity depending on pH (X = NMe2). R1 = Me, H, CO2Et; R2 = Et, H; R3 = Me.
Studies on the activator 1 protein complex, an accessory factor for proliferating cell nuclear antigen-dependent DNA polymerase delta. (1991)

Activator 1 (A1) is a multiprotein complex which is essential for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-dependent DNA polymerase delta (pol delta) activity and efficient in vitro DNA synthesis in the SV40 dipolymerase replication system. In this report, we describe the isolation of A1 from HeLa cytosolic extracts. A1 stimulated pol delta activity in singly primed phi X174 DNA or (dA)4500.oligo(dT)12-18 in reactions containing PCNA, single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB), and ATP. Using this assay, A1 has been extensively purified. Purified preparations contained five discrete subunits of 145, 40, 38, 37, and 36.5 kDa. ATP hydrolysis to ADP and Pi is essential for A1-dependent pol delta activity, and we have shown that A1 contains an intrinsic ATPase which is stimulated by DNA. The DNA-dependent hydrolysis of ATP can be stimulated by PCNA and further activated by PCNA plus the human single-stranded DNA binding protein. These stimulatory effects were observed with (dA)4500.oligo(dT)12-18, but were not detected with each poly-deoxynucleotide alone. Furthermore, A1 formed a complex with (dA)4500.oligo(dT)12-18 which could be measured by nitrocellulose binding. No complex with (dA)4500 or oligo(dT)12-18 alone was detected by this procedure. Data are also presented which indicate that A1, in conjunction with PCNA, functions as a primer-recognition factor for pol delta, increasing its ability to utilize low levels of primer ends, but it does not increase the size of the DNA products. A1 also markedly reduced the amount of PCNA required for pol delta activity on a multiply primed DNA suggesting that PCNA interacts with A1 at the primer end. These multiple effects of A1 closely resemble the properties of the multisubunit protein RF-C described by Tsurimoto and Stillman (Tsurimoto, T., and Stillman, B. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 1023-1027).
Leukemia inhibitory factor promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and radioresistance (2013)

Radioresistance of EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is associated with poor prognosis for patients with this form of cancer. Here, we found that NPC patients had increased serum levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and that higher LIF levels correlated with local tumor recurrence. Furthermore, in vitro studies with NPC cells and in vivo xenograft mouse studies demonstrated that LIF critically contributes to NPC tumor growth and radioresistance. Using these model systems, we found that LIF treatment activated the mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway, enhanced tumor growth, inhibited DNA damage responses, and enhanced radioresistance. Treatment with either soluble LIF receptor (sLIFR), a LIF antagonist, or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reversed LIF-mediated effects, resulting in growth arrest and increased sensitivity to γ irradiation. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of human NPC biopsies revealed that LIF and LIFR were overexpressed in tumor cells and that LIF expression correlated with the presence of the activated p-p70S6K. Finally, we found that the EBV-encoded protein latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) enhances LIF production. Together, our findings indicate that LIF promotes NPC tumorigenesis and suggest that serum LIF levels may predict local recurrence and radiosensitivity in NPC patients.
The analysis of PM2.5 and associated elements and their indoor/outdoor pollution status in an urban area (2010)

An improved understanding of the factors affecting the indoor PM2.5 concentration levels can lead to the development of an efficient management strategy to control health risks from exposure to indoor PM2.5 and related toxic components. A comparison of our comprehensive data sets indicated that most indoor PM2.5 and associated elemental species were strongly enriched by indoor source activities along with infiltration of ambient outdoor air for a naturally ventilated building.
Prognostic significance of mRNA‐encoding estrogen receptor and epithelial growth factor receptor in breast carcinoma progression into lymph nodes: 1. Estrogen receptor encoding mRNA (1989)

The main objective of this study was to differentiate between lymph nodes infiltrated by estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast carcinoma. Lymph nodes were obtained from 40 postmenopausal cancer patients, 10 from each disease stage. Six patients from each group had estrogen receptor-positive (BCaER+) and four estrogen receptor-negative (BCaER-) tumors. Both tumor-containing (T) and uninvolved (N) lymph nodes from the same patient were examined by the following parameters: magnitude of lymph node nucleic acid hybridization with cDNA probes from breast cancer MCF-7ER+ and MCF-7ER- cells; and binding capacity of 3H-estradiol, 125I-EGF, and 125I-PDGF binding and protein kinase C activities of the lymph nodes. Concomitant with the appearance of transformed cells, several events occur: Tumor cells induce stimulation of mononuclear cells and macrophages and evoke T- and B-cell proliferation, leading to the synthesis of tumor cell membrane-associated antibodies. In estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast carcinoma, estrogens and host hormonal modulatory mechanisms stimulate production and release of epithelial growth (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF). These factors are characterized by protein kinase C activities. There is infiltration of tumor cells into the lymph node and infiltration of leukocytes into the tumor site. In the lymph node, tumor progression depends on tumor cell proliferation rate and metastatic aggressiveness. The experiments described in this study document the changes that occur in lymph nodes, with differences between nodes infiltrated with BCaER+ and BCaER- breast carcinomas. Hybridization of 32P-cDNA from MCF-7ER+ cells with cellular RNA from BCaER+ involved (T) lymph nodes is greater than with cellular RNA from uninvolved (N) lymph nodes. The magnitude of hybridization correlated (P less than 0.005) with the disease stage.
Three Verifications of Thiele's Date for the Beginning of the Divided Kingdom (2007)

Edwin Thlele's work on the chronology of the divided kingdom was first published in a 1944 article that was an abridgement of his doctoral dissertation.' His research later appeared in various journals and in hls book The Mysteereons Numbers ofthe Hebrew Kings, whch went through three edrtions before Thiele's death in 1986.' No other chronological study dealmg with the divided monarches has found such wide acceptance among historians of the ancient Near East. The present study will show why this respect among historians is justified, particularly as regarding Thiele's dates for the northern kingdom, while touching somewhat on the reasons that later scholars had to modrfy Thiele's chronology for the southern kingdom. The breakthrough for Thiele's chronology was that it matched various fixed dates in Assyrian history, and also helped resolve the controversy regardrng other Assyrian dates, while at the same time it was consistent with all the biblical data that Thiele used to construct the chronology of the northern kingdom-but with the caveat that thls was not entirely the case in h s treatment of texts for the Judean kings. Of interest for the present discussion is the observation that Thiele's dates for the northern kingdom had no substantial changes between the time of his 1944 article and the 1 986 publication of the frnal edition of Mysteriozts N~mbers.~ The initial skepticism that greeted Thiele's findings has been replaced, in many quarters, by the realization that h s means of establishing the dates of these hngs shows a fundamental understanding of the historical issues involved, whether regarding Assyrian or Babylonian records or the traditions of the Hebrews. Rather than trying to cover all the dates and hstorical data that have brought many scholars to this judgment, I shall focus on just one date that
Towards a uniform library of common code: a presentation of the CERN World-Wide Web Library (1995)

This paper describes the current status of the World-Wide Web Library of Common Code 3 and the work done in order to start the convergence process towards a uniform Library. Currently many World-Wide Web applications are using different versions of the Library with a set of added functionality.that is often either incompatible with the other versions or represents an overlap of code development. A new initiative has been taken at CERN 4 in the context of the W3C 5 collaboration with MIT 6 in order to converge the current versions of the Library so that existing and future World-Wide Web applications have a powerful and uniform interface to the Internet.
Comparison of costs and outcomes of patients presenting with a rare brainstem syndrome (2018)

In this case report we compare two patients presenting with similar symptoms of a brainstem syndrome including ataxia, dysarthria, and diplopia. Their MRIs showed hyperintense FLAIR signal changes with patchy areas of contrast enhancement within the brainstem particularly the pons and cerebellum. The broad differential diagnosis of this brainstem pathology included rhomboencephalitis, neurosarcoidosis, lymphoma, vasculitis, infection, and paraneoplastic or autoimmune process. Patient 1 had an extensive work up including CSF cytology, MRI brain spectroscopy, full body CT, cerebral angiogram, and ultimately brainstem biopsy. None of these studies were diagnostic of a specific etiology and total cost was $176,069. After months of declining medical condition without a clear diagnosis, chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) was considered and the patient began steroid therapy resulting in clinical and radiographic improvement. Patient 2 had serum and CSF studies that were negative for infectious, paraneoplastic, and other inflammatory processes. The team diagnosed CLIPPERS and initiated steroid therapy within days resulting in dramatic clinical and radiographic resolution. The workup cost $12,905. Comparison of these cases shows how early awareness of CLIPPERS and a directed diagnostic work up can limit invasive diagnostic testing, expedite initiation of effective therapy, improve patient outcomes, and reduce cost.
Über Gebirgsbildung und Talsysteme im Nepal Himalaya (1954)

No abstract available.
A Gene Encoding a Chloroplast-Targeted Lipoxygenase in Tomato Leaves Is Transiently Induced by Wounding, Systemin, and Methyl Jasmonate (1997)

We investigated the relationship between the expression of lipoxygenase (LOX) genes and the systemin-dependent wound response in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) leaves. A polymerase chain reaction-based approach was used to isolate two tomato Lox cDNAs, called TomLoxC and TomLoxD. Both TomLOXC and TomLOXD amino acid sequences possess an N-terminal extension of about 60 residues that were shown by in vitro uptake to function as transit peptides, targeting these proteins into the chloroplast. Within 30 to 50 min following wounding or systemin or methyl jasmonate treatments, the TomLoxD mRNA level increased and reached a maximum between 1 and 2 h. TomLoxC mRNA was not detectable in leaves and was not found following wounding, but it was found in ripening fruits, indicating that the two tomato Lox genes are regulated in different tissues by different processes. The results suggest that the TomLoxD gene is up-regulated in leaves in response to wounding and encodes a chloroplast LOX that may play a role as a component of the octadecanoid defense-signaling pathway.
Construction of Plasmid Vectors for Cloning of Promoters Using the Dihydrofolate Reductase Gene of Escherichia coli K-12 (1983)

Vectors for cloning promoter-DNA fragments were derived from pTP 30-5 which was constructed in our previous work (M. Iwakura et al. (1982) J. Biochem. 91, 1205). The selection was based on the expression of trimethoprim resistance of transformed bacteria in which the enhancement of dihydrofolate reductase production was directed by the cloned promoter. A linear relationship between the content of dihydrofolate reductase and the strength of trimethoprim resistance was observed. It is suggested that the promoter activities can be estimated by trimethoprim resistance without measuring the enzyme activities.
Fully Reversible Shape Transition of Soft Spheres in Elastomeric Polymer Opal Films (2013)

Core-interlayer-shell (CIS) beads featuring noncross-linked hard cores were used to prepare large and well-defined elastomeric opal films with remarkably distinct iridescent reflection colors. The matrix of the opal films was cross-linked by UV-irradiation after compression molding of the CIS beads mixed with a bifunctional monomer. Stress-induced deformation of the embedded PS cores lead to hexagonally arranged spheroid oblates with an aspect ratio of 2.5. Optical characterization shows that bead deformation provokes a tremendous photonic band gap shift of about 160 nm. Fully reversible shape transition from the spheroid oblates back to the spherical beads and hence full recovery of the original photonic band gap can be achieved.