gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intelligent scheduling and motion control for household vacuum cleaning robot system using simulation based optimization (2015)

This research considers overall scheduling of a vacuum cleaning robot that includes multi cleaning cycles. Even though there are research studies for generating paths for a device, the paths in each cycle tend to be similar from the fact that the motion planning is based on one tour of a target space. This paper suggests a new and effective simulation based optimization (SO) framework for generating an overall schedule and an effective path for each cycle. In the simulation stage, a dust prediction model is generated using absorbed dust data and floor information. This process uses a multi-modal Gaussian mixture model as a basic model. The generated prediction model provides the needed constraints for different mathematical programming models in the optimization stage. The proposed framework is considered as an efficient scheduling method in terms of minimizing redundant paths while maintaining tolerable dust levels during multi cleaning cycles.
Annotated Chemical Patent Corpus: A Gold Standard for Text Mining (2014)

Exploring the chemical and biological space covered by patent applications is crucial in early-stage medicinal chemistry activities. Patent analysis can provide understanding of compound prior art, novelty checking, validation of biological assays, and identification of new starting points for chemical exploration. Extracting chemical and biological entities from patents through manual extraction by expert curators can take substantial amount of time and resources. Text mining methods can help to ease this process. To validate the performance of such methods, a manually annotated patent corpus is essential. In this study we have produced a large gold standard chemical patent corpus. We developed annotation guidelines and selected 200 full patents from the World Intellectual Property Organization, United States Patent and Trademark Office, and European Patent Office. The patents were pre-annotated automatically and made available to four independent annotator groups each consisting of two to ten annotators. The annotators marked chemicals in different subclasses, diseases, targets, and modes of action. Spelling mistakes and spurious line break due to optical character recognition errors were also annotated. A subset of 47 patents was annotated by at least three annotator groups, from which harmonized annotations and inter-annotator agreement scores were derived. One group annotated the full set. The patent corpus includes 400,125 annotations for the full set and 36,537 annotations for the harmonized set. All patents and annotated entities are publicly available at www.biosemantics.org.
Argumentación teórica de las fusiones (1993)

To facilitate the characterization of proteins that negatively regulate tumor cell proliferation in vitro, the authors have implemented a high-throughput functional assay that measures S-phase progression of tumor cell lines. For 2 tumor cell lines-human melanoma A375 and human lung carcinoma A549-conditions were established using the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27kip; the tumor suppressor p53, a kinase-inactive allele of the cell cycle-regulated serine/threonine kinase Aurora2; and the G1/S drug block, aphidicolin. For screening purposes, gene libraries were delivered by adenoviral infection. Cells were fixed and labeled by immunocytochemistry, and an automated image acquisition and analysis package on a Cellomics ArrayScanII was used to quantify the effects of these treatments on cell proliferation. The assay can be used to identify novel proteins involved in proliferation and serves as a more robust, reproducible, and sensitive alternative to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based technologies.
Investigation of Sub-Ice Bedrock Characteristics by Radio-Echo Sounding (1975)

Abstract Qualitative inspection of the results of the 1971/72 S.P.R.I.-N.S.F. Antarctic radio-echo sounding programme shows that it is possible to infer some characteristics of the lower face of the ice from the form of received echoes. We confirm the existence of lakes of liquid water beneath the east Antarctic ice by inspection of the top and bottom surface gradients of the ice, and suggest that basal melting occurs over a wide area in this region. Quantitative studies in Devon Island indicate that small-scale irregularities in the bedrock are characterized by slopes of about 1: 40, with some higher gradients present, possibly indicating the presence of morainal boulders. We deduce that a geological boundary was crossed between 25 and 40 km west of the base camp, the rock to the west of the boundary having lower permittivity, and higher surface slopes than that to the east. The question of the usefulness of the spatial fading of the echo in deducing surface characteristics is briefly discussed. We conclude that measurements of the fading are indeed useful, especially in the case of echoes with short “tails”.
Preparation of Alkylethylmethylsulfonium Iodide and Their Physico-chemical, Antimicrobial Properties (1978)

Alkylethylmethylsulfonium iodide (alkyl : C12H25, C16H33, C18H37) were prepared, refined, and identified by elementary analysis etc.Physico-chemical properties of aqueous solutions of the above samples were measured. Depressions of the surface tension and durabilities of emulsification of liquid paraffin and wettabilities to cotton cloth were fairly large. The amounts of sedimented CaCO3 in the dilute aqueous solution of the samples tended to decrease with the increase of the length of alkyl chains of the samples. The results indicated that the above samples were excellent as surfactants.And then, the antibacterial and antimold actions of the samples were examined. From these results obtained, it was recognized that antimicrobial actions of the samples were superior than pentachlorophenol.
Identification and validation of an ISSR marker linked to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistant gene in a core set of tomato accessions (2013)

Tomato leaf curl disease causes yield loss in tomato all over the world. Despite of various efforts no immune commercial varieties or F 1 hybrids are available in India. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance linked genes have been identified and introgressed from several wild tomato species. Here, we aimed to identify PCR- based markers linked to gene(s) confering resistance to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). This study covers the generation of a BC 1 F 1 population derived from a reciprocal cross between a ToLCNDV tolerant accession of Solanum habrochaites LA1777 and susceptible cultivar 15SBSB (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Genetic analysis of 135 plants of BC 1 F 1 population indicated that three dominant genes confer resistance to ToLCNDV in the accession S. habrochaites LA1777. Using Bulk-Segregant-Analysis, we identified an ISSR marker, which produced a 564 bp fragment in the tolerant wild accession and also in the tolerant bulk sample. The identified marker has been validated in a set of 18 diverse tomato accessions and can be used as a diagnostic marker to assist marker-assisted-breeding for ToLCNDV tolerance in tomato.
Temporal Collaborative Filtering with Bayesian Probabilistic Tensor Factorization (2010)

Real-world relational data are seldom stationary, yet traditional collaborative filtering algorithms generally rely on this assumption. Motivated by our sales prediction problem, we propose a factor-based algorithm that is able to take time into account. By introducing additional factors for time, we formalize this problem as a tensor factorization with a special constraint on the time dimension. Further, we provide a fully Bayesian treatment to avoid tuning parameters and achieve automatic model complexity control. To learn the model we develop an efficient sampling procedure that is capable of analyzing large-scale data sets. This new algorithm, called Bayesian Probabilistic Tensor Factorization (BPTF), is evaluated on several real-world problems including sales prediction and movie recommendation. Empirical results demonstrate the superiority of our temporal model.
Multi-purpose optical profiler for characterization of materials, film stacks, and for absolute topography measurement (2009)

We have developed a scanning white-light interference microscope that offers two complementary modes of operation on a common metrology platform. The first mode measures the topography and the second mode measures the complex reflectivity of an object surface over a range of wavelengths, angles of incidence and polarization states. This second mode characterizes material optical properties and determines film thickness in multi-layer film stacks with an effective measurement spot size typically smaller than 10 μm. These data compensate for material and film effects in the surface topography data collected in the first mode. We illustrate the application of this dual-mode technology for post-CMP production-line metrology for the data storage industry. Our tool concurrently measures critical layer thickness and step height for this application. The accuracy of the latter measurement is confirmed by correlation to AFM measurements.
Genetic Evidence for Functional Dependency of p18<i><sup>Ink4c</sup></i> on <i>Cdk4</i> (2004)

The INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors negatively regulates cyclin D-dependent CDK4 and CDK6 and induces the growth-suppressive function of Rb family proteins. Mutations in the Cdk4 gene conferring INK4 resistance are associated with familial and sporadic melanoma in humans and result in a wide spectrum of tumors in mice, suggesting that INK4 is a major regulator of CDK4. Mice lacking the Cdk4 gene exhibit various defects in many organs associated with hypocellularity, whereas loss of the p18(Ink4c) gene results in widespread hyperplasia and organomegaly. To genetically test the notion that the function of INK4 is dependent on CDK4, we generated p18; Cdk4 double-mutant mice and examined the organs and tissues which developed abnormalities when either gene is deleted. We show here that, in all organs we have examined, including pituitary, testis, pancreas, kidney, and adrenal gland, hyperproliferative phenotypes associated with p18 loss were canceled. The double-mutant mice exhibited phenotypes very close to or indistinguishable from that of Cdk4 single-mutant mice. Mice lacking p27(Kip1) develop widespread hyperplasia and organomegaly similar to those developed by p18-deficient mice. The p27; Cdk4 double-mutant mice, however, displayed phenotypes intermediate between those of p27 and Cdk4 single-mutant mice. These results provide genetic evidence that in mice p18(Ink4c) and p27(Kip1) mediate the transduction of different cell growth and proliferation signals to CDK4 and that p18(Ink4c) is functionally dependent on CDK4.
Effectiveness of antiepileptic or antidepressant drugs when added to opioids for cancer pain: systematic review (2010)

Neuropathic pain mechanisms are present in up to 40% of patients with cancer pain. In these situations, additional or adjuvant analgesic drugs (such as antidepressants or antiepileptics) are often required to optimize pain control alongside standard opioid therapy. This systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of antidepressants and antiepileptics when added to opioids, compared to opioids alone, for the management of pain caused directly by cancer. Prospective clinical studies, published in English that used a before-after design or randomized or non-randomized group comparisons were identified. Data were extracted on pain intensity, pain relief and adverse events. Eight studies were eligible (five randomized controlled trials) that recruited 465 patients in total, of whom 370 (79.5%) completed the study period. A narrative analysis was performed because clinical and methodological heterogeneity prevented meta-analysis. Included studies suggested that adjuvants improve pain control within 4-8 days when added to opioids for cancer pain; the strongest evidence supports gabapentin. However, a reduction in pain intensity of greater than 1 point on a 0-10 numerical rating scale is unlikely, but an increase in adverse events is likely. For all adjuvants, the effect size was much less than that seen in patients with non-cancer neuropathic pain. Dosing strategies that can be examined in future clinical trials are suggested.
Use of cervicovaginal fluid for the identification of biomarkers for pathologies of the female genital tract (2010)

Cervicovaginal fluid has an important function in the homeostasis and immunity of the lower female genital tract. Analysis of the cervicovaginal fluid proteome may therefore yield important information about the pathogenesis of numerous gynecological pathologies. Additionally, cervicovaginal fluid has great potential as a source of biomarkers for these conditions.This review provides a detailed discussion about the human cervicovaginal proteome and the proteomics studies performed to characterize this biological fluid. Furthermore, infection-correlated pathological conditions of the female genital tract are discussed for which cervicovaginal fluid has been used in order to identify potential biomarkers. Recent years, numerous studies have analyzed cervicovaginal fluid samples utilizing antibody-based technologies, such as ELISA or Western blotting, to identify biomarkers for preterm birth, premature preterm rupture of membranes, bacterial vaginosis and cervical cancer. The present article will discuss the importance of proteomic technologies as alternative techniques to gain additional meaningful information about these conditions. In addition, the review focuses on recent proteomic studies on cervicovaginal fluid samples for the identification of potential biomarkers. We conclude that the use of proteomic technology for analysis of human cervicovaginal fluid samples is promising and may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers which can improve disease prevention and therapy development.
Recurrence times and pointwise lower bounds in data compression (2002)

Let {X/sub t/} be a stationary ergodic process with values in a finite alphabet /spl Xscr/. For s/spl les/t let X/sub s//sup t/=(X/sub s/,...,X/sub t/). The first recurrence time of X/sup k/=(X/sub 0/,...,X/sub k-l/ is defined as the number of shifts back until X/sup k/ appears again. We give a simple proof using a lemma developed by Algoet and Cover (1985) to prove the asymptotic optimality of log-optimum selections in convex families.
Pharmacogenetic stimulation of neuronal activity increases myelination in an axon-specific manner (2018)

Abstract Mounting evidence suggests that neuronal activity influences myelination, potentially allowing for experience-driven modulation of neural circuitry. The degree to which neuronal activity is capable of regulating myelination at the individual axon level is unclear. Here we demonstrate that stimulation of somatosensory axons in the mouse brain increases proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) within the underlying white matter. Stimulated axons display an increased probability of being myelinated compared to neighboring non-stimulated axons, in addition to being ensheathed with thicker myelin. Conversely, attenuating neuronal firing reduces axonal myelination in a selective activity-dependent manner. Our findings reveal that the process of selecting axons for myelination is strongly influenced by the relative activity of individual axons within a population. These observed cellular changes are consistent with the emerging concept that adaptive myelination is a key mechanism for the fine-tuning of neuronal circuitry in the mammalian CNS.
Identification of a Novel Point Mutation in the<i>LEMD3</i>Gene in an Infant With Buschke-Ollendorff Syndrome (2016)

Positive criteria found in almost all reported cases include (1) nodules or plaque lesions, (2) systemic symptoms such as fever and malaise, (3) histologic evidence of a subcutaneous lobular neutrophilic infiltrate, (4) association with myelodysplasia, and (5) sensitivity to systemic corticosteroids. Although SSS is distinct from classic Sweet syndrome, patients may present with a mix of both classic and subcutaneous lesions, and it is likely that these exist along a spectrum. Classic Sweet syndrome can appear prior to or concurrent with development of hematologic malignancy and often responds to dapsone (neutrophilinhibiting agent) and anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents. 1 This patient's disease relapsed at doses of oral prednisone below 20 mg/d and did not respond to dapsone.
Pyridylethylated Benzoxazinediones<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyridylethylated Benzoxazinediones1Seymour L. Shapiro, Ira M. Rose, and Louis FreedmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 11, 2811–2814Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01568a039Request reuse permissions Article Views262Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (411 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pd(0)-catalysed Synthesis of Buspirone and Gepirone (1993)

A novel synthetic approach to buspirone and its anologue (gepirone) is described, in which 3 subunits, namely 2-(1-piperazinyl)pyrimidine, a bifunctional allyl derivative, and an imide were efficiently assembled via a Pd(0)-catalysed amination-imidation sequence followed by a hydrogenation
Frequency response of avalanche photodetectors with separate absorption and multiplication layers (1996)

We present analytical expressions for the frequency response of avalanche photodetectors (APDs) with separate absorption and multiplication regions (SAM). The effect of the electric field profile in the multiplication layer on frequency response is considered for the first time. Previous theories have assumed that the multiplication layer is very thin and the peak electric field, which corresponds to the effective multiplication plane, is positioned away from the absorption layer. This is a poor assumption for many devices, and in particular for silicon hetero-interface photodetectors (SHIPs). We present a theoretical model in which the thickness of the multiplication layer is arbitrary and the peak electric field may be positioned arbitrarily in relation to the absorption layer. We also consider the effects of parasitics, transit-time, and avalanche buildup time. Both front and back illumination from either multiplication layer or absorption layer are considered. The calculated results are compared with experimental results for existing SHIP's and performance predictions are also made for optimized SHIP structures. SHIP APDs with gain-bandwidth product in excess of 500 GHz are possible.
Potential Antioxidant Role of Tridham in Managing Oxidative Stress against Aflatoxin-B<sub>1</sub>-Induced Experimental Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2012)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal cancers due to delayed diagnosis and lack of effective treatment options. Significant exposure to Aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), a potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin, plays a major role in liver carcinogenesis through oxidative tissue damage and p53 mutation. The present study emphasizes the anticarcinogenic effect of Tridham (TD), a polyherbal traditional medicine, on AFB(1)-induced HCC in male Wistar rats. AFB(1)-administered HCC-bearing rats (Group II) showed increased levels of lipid peroxides (LPOs), thiobarbituric acid substances (TBARs), and protein carbonyls (PCOs) and decreased levels of enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants when compared to control animals (Group I). Administration of TD orally (300 mg/kg body weight/day) for 45 days to HCC-bearing animals (Group III) significantly reduced the tissue damage accompanied by restoration of the levels of antioxidants. Histological observation confirmed the induction of tumour in Group II animals and complete regression of tumour in Group III animals. This study highlights the potent antioxidant properties of TD which contribute to its therapeutic effect in AFB(1)-induced HCC in rats.
Accurate fan-beam reconstruction (1978)

The equation is derived for obtaining the exact reconstruction of a two-dimensional distribution from one-dimensional fan-beam scans.
Implementation of dynamic obstacle avoidance on the CMU NavLab (2002)

The design and implementation of local obstacle avoidance algorithms on the CMU NavLab testbed for autonomous navigation are presented. The CMU NavLab carries various computing systems, including three Suns, one Warp systolic array processor, and several Intel 386 real-time processors, for the purpose of processing sensor information and generating vehicle motion commands. The obstacle avoidance algorithm presented is part of a reflexive path tracking scheme. To handle such situations where obstacles are present on the predefined path, an obstacle avoidance algorithm is added to the reflexive path tracking scheme whereby when an obstacle is detected on the predefined path, the vehicle control is transferred to the obstacle avoidance algorithm which guides the vehicle around the obstacle. This combination results in a scheme that reacts to the changing and uncertain environment. A subgoal selection algorithm and a steering control algorithm are also discussed
Recent progress in quantum and nonlinear optical lithography (2006)

We review the status of the field of quantum lithography, that is, the use of quantum-mechanical effects to write lithographic features with resolution finer than that achievable according to the Rayleigh criterion. In particular, we first review the original quantum lithography proposal by Boto et al., and we then describe the status of research aimed at realizing this process.
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and the Maldives. Edited by Francis Robinson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 520 pp. $49.40. (1990)

The Cambridge Encyclopedia of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and the Maldives. Edited by Francis Robinson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 520 pp. $49.40. - Volume 49 Issue 4
Emerging therapies in acute ischemic stroke (2020)

Thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy have revolutionized the care of patients with acute ischemic stroke. The number of patients who can benefit from these treatments continues to increase as new studies demonstrate that not just time since stroke onset but also collateral circulation influences outcome. Technologies such as telestroke, mobile stroke units, and artificial intelligence are playing an increasing role in identifying and treating stroke. Stroke-systems-of-care models continue to streamline the delivery of definitive revascularization in the age of mechanical thrombectomy.