gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A One Year Double Blind Study Of The Effect Of Halofenate And Clofibrate In Patients With Hyperlipoproteinemia (1975)

SummaryA double blind clinical trial of one year duration was performed to compare the activity of halofenate (1 000 mg once a day) and of clofibrate (1 000 mg twice a day) on plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid in 20 hyperlipidaemic patients.Statistical analysis showed that clofibrate provokes a significant decrease of cholesterol and triglycerides, a slight (p>0.05) increase of uric acid. Halofenate did not influence significantly any of three levels. Noteworthy is the decrease in uric acid,.caused by halofenate (18 % after 24 weeks -p<0.05), although the basal uric acid values were normal.Clinically both drugs were well tolerated. Alkaline phosphatase levels significantly decreased during treatment with clofibrate.
Nomifensine: Diagnostic Test in Hyperprolactinemic States* (1978)

Nomifensine, an antidepressant agent which activates dopamine (D) neurotransmission mainly by inhibiting DA reuptake in the central nervous system, was administered either to puerperal lactating women or to subjects with nonpuerperal hyperprolactinemia. In 10 postpartum women and in 7 women with no evidence of PRL-secreting tumor, oral administration of nomifensine (100 or 200 mg, respectively) induced in the following 5 h a clear-cut inhibition of plasma PRL levels; in 10 patients with PRL-secreting tumors, the drug did not lower plasma PRL levels. In 2 of these patients nonsupressibility of plasma PRL levels to nomifensine was the only indication of the existence of a pituitary microadenoma. It is proposed that acute nomifensine testing may be a valid neuropharmacological tool for discriminating between individuals with and without pituitary adenoma.
Corrosion resistance of alternatively deposited layers of electroless Ni–P and electroplated Zn–Ni on cast steel substrate in neutral 5 wt-%NaCl solution (2006)

AbstractAbstractAlternate layers of electroless Ni–P and electroplated Zn–Ni were deposited onto a cast steel substrate to obtain a multiple layer system in order to provide enhanced corrosion resistance while retaining some wear resistance. The coatings were characterised in terms of their surface appearance and both surface and cross-sectional morphologies. Corrosion resistance was measured by means of immersion testing in neutral 5 wt-%NaCl solution for 1 year, and the results were compared with those of single-layer Zn–Ni and Ni–P coatings. It was found that the corrosion resistance of all multiple layer coatings was better than that of a single-layer Ni–P coating. It was also found that the corrosion resistance of multiple layer coatings with individual layer thicknesses of 1 or 2 μm was better than that of a single-layer Zn–Ni coating. Provided that the thickness of individual Ni–P layers was greater than 0·5 μm, corrosion resistance during immersion testing increased as the number of individual layers increased. The results could be explained in terms of the effects of multiple layers in coatings and the corrosion cells that form between adjacent layers.Keywords: ELECTROLESS PLATINGELECTRO-PLATINGALTERNATIVE LAYERSCORROSION RESISTANCENACL
Evaluation of a competitive hepcidin ELISA assay in the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia with concurrent inflammation and anaemia of inflammation in elderly patients (2017)

In this study, a competitive hepcidin ELISA assay was evaluated for its ability to differentiate between iron deficiency anaemia with concurrent inflammation and anaemia of inflammation in elderly patients, using the absence of stainable bone marrow iron as the diagnostic criterion for iron deficiency. In addition, correlation coefficients for hepcidin versus C-reactive protein, ferritin and interleukin-6 were determined. The optimal cut-off for hepcidin was 21 μg/L, corresponding to sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 67%, respectively, for iron deficiency. For ferritin, a sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 83%, respectively, correspond to an optimal cut-off of 87 μg/L. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis revealed that ELISA analysis of hepcidin is not superior to ferritin in the diagnosis of iron deficiency in elderly anaemic patients with concurrent inflammation. Hepcidin shows a strong positive correlation with ferritin, and also correlates positively with C-reactive protein in this patient population.
The parasitophorous vacuole membrane surrounding <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Toxoplasma:</i> An unusual compartment in infected cells (1998)

Plasmodium and Toxoplasma belong to a group of unicellular parasites which actively penetrate their respective mammalian host cells. During the process of invasion, they initiate the formation of a membrane, the so-called parasitophorous vacuolar membrane, which surrounds the intracellular parasite and which differs substantially from endosomal membranes or the membrane of phagolysosomes. The biogenesis and the maintenance of the vacuolar membrane are closely related to the peculiar cellular organization of these parasites and are unique phenomena in cell biology. Here we compare biological similarities and differences between the two parasites, with respect to: (i) the formation, (ii) the maintenance, and (iii) the biological role of the vacuolar membrane. We conclude that most differences between the organisms primarily reflect the different biosynthetic capacities of the host cells they invade.
Relationship of the lytic state to successful reperfusion with standard- and low-dose intracoronary streptokinase. (1985)

The influence of a systemic lytic state on reperfusion obtained after intracoronary streptokinase (SK) therapy has been evaluated in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction and complete coronary occlusion. Coronary angiographic studies and measurements of blood fibrinolytic parameters were repeated at 15 min intervals during the infusion of a standard dose of SK and were compared with the results with approximately one-tenth the standard dose. Successful reperfusion was obtained in only 20% (2/10) of patients receiving the low dose, compared with a 75% to 80% success rate in patients receiving the standard dose as initial treatment (4/5) or as follow-up treatment of patients in whom low-dose therapy failed (6/8). There was a striking association between reperfusion and development of the lytic state in that all 12 treatments resulting in reperfusion also caused a lytic state and all seven treatments that failed to produce a lytic state also failed to induce reperfusion (p less than .001). Among the successfully treated patients, the dose of SK that induced a lytic state was relatively constant. However, coronary arterial thrombi differed in susceptibility to treatment. Sensitive thrombi (5/12) dissolved before the lytic state occurred and at a lower SK dose than that needed to cause a lytic state; more resistant thrombi (7/12) required a longer time and a significantly larger SK dose to dissolve. These results indicate that intrinsic properties of the thrombus influence the rate and outcome of treatment and that a minimal dose of SK (about 200,000 U) is required to ensure lasting reperfusion in susceptible patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Relationship between damaged fraction and reflected spectra of denaturing tissues (2005)

Spectral changes from heated muscle and liver reflect denaturation of proteins contained therein. The spectral information at 800 nm can be used to determine the average free energy for the initiation of denaturation.
5G Spectrum and Standards (2016)

This new resource provides key insight into future 5G radio systems and the technical and economic impact on industries, communities and end-users. The book offers a comprehensive understanding of the options available for teams tasked with bringing 5G products and services to market or developing supporting standards and regulatory frameworks. Readers find contemporary examples of millimeter band radio hardware including 60 GHz and V band and E Band point to point radio. This book demonstrates the profound progress with 4G radio signal processing and RF hardware to reveal its potential applicability to 5G radio systems. It shows how 5G systems are capable of delivering data rates that are ten to one hundred times faster than 4G systems. Developments in spatial processing and beam forming in local area radio networks are presented and the challenge of scaling these systems to wide area radio is explored. This book reviews military and space radio and automotive radar innovation with direct relevance to 5G radio design.
β-Glucuronidase Activity in Tumors Accumulation of Radioiodinated Phenolphthalein (1971)

The use of 131I-phenolphthalein glucuronide as a tumor localizing agent has been studied. The accumulations of 131I-phenolphthalein produced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of the gl
Synthesis and Metal-Binding Properties of Chelating Fluorescein Derivatives (2003)

[reaction: see text] Two routes to highly functionalized metal-chelating fluorescein derivatives have been pursued. Compound 3 is partially quenched by a variety of first-row transition metal ions in aqueous solution, with EC(50) values ranging from 0.4 to 60 microM. Compounds of this type may find application in biological sensing.
Increase in the Production of Interleukin‐10 Early After Implantation is Related to the Success of Pregnancy (2001)

This increase in IL-10 may be important in sustaining a normal pregnancy early after implantation.
Some fusion properties of ground coat enamels as influenced by composition (1933)

The compositions of nine vitreous ground coat enamels for sheet iron were varied within a region approximating commercial practice b}^substituting silica (added as flint) for feldspar, and by substituting boric oxide for sodium oxide, and vice versa. In two other enamels the above named fluxes were varied as a unit against the refractories as a unit. The fusion properties of the enamels were studied through determinations of (1) temperature of maximum heat absorption,
Quorum Sensing Is Not Required for Twitching Motility in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2002)

It has been reported that mutations in the quorum-sensing genes lasI and rhlI in Pseudomonas aeruginosa result in, among many other things, loss of twitching motility (A. Glessner, R. S. Smith, B. H. Iglewski, and J. B. Robinson, J. Bacteriol. 181:1623-1629, 1999). We constructed knockouts of lasI and rhlI and the corresponding regulatory genes lasR and rhlR and found no effect on twitching motility. However, twitching-defective variants accumulated during culturing of lasI and rhlI mutants. Further analysis showed that the stable twitching-defective variants of lasI and rhlI mutants had arisen as a consequence of secondary mutations in vfr and algR, respectively, both of which encode key regulators affecting a variety of phenotypes, including twitching motility. In addition, when grown in shaking broth culture, lasI and rhlI mutants, but not the wild-type parent, also accumulated unstable variants that lacked both twitching motility and swimming motility and appeared to be identical in phenotype to the S1 and S2 variants that were recently reported to occur at high frequencies in P. aeruginosa strains grown as a biofilm or in static broth culture (E. Deziel, Y. Comeau, and R. Villemur, J. Bacteriol. 183:1195-1204, 2001). These results indicate that mutations in one regulatory system may create distortions that select during subsequent culturing for compensatory mutations in other regulatory genes within the cellular network. This problem may have compromised some past studies of regulatory hierarchies controlled by quorum sensing and of bacterial regulatory systems in general.
SiO2 Dielectric Film Formation by Alternate Supply of Organic Silicon Gas and Highly Concentrated Ozone Gas at Below 300.DEG.C. (2005)

We have deposited silicon dioxide (SiO2) film at temperatures lower than 300°C by supplying Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and O3 gas with nearly 100% concentration alternately and cyclically. The 100%-O3 gas has confirmed to be reactive enough to decompose the HMDS gas into CO2, H2O as well as the precursors leading to SiO2 deposition such as SiO even at room temperature. The physical characterization of thus deposited film gives a refractive index of 1.45-1.51, no Si-CH3 bond content and a process-dependent Si-OH content in the film. The film deposited by 10 Pa-HMDS and 2700 Pa-100%-O3 alternate supply has had a minimum Si-OH content and a good insulating property, i.e., leakage current density of lower than 10-7 A/cm2 at the electric field application of 4 MV/cm. This property is better than the film deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposition using SiH4/O2 gas at 350°C.
Position and velocity optimal sensor-based navigation filters for UAVs (2009)

The paper presents the design and performance evaluation of a novel navigation solution that merges low-rate delayed GPS measurements with high-rate linear acceleration, attitude, and angular velocity measurements to estimate, in three dimensions, linear motion quantities (position, linear velocity, an acceleration of gravity) of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The design is based on the continuous-discrete Kalman filter solution for an equivalent LTI realization and allows for the natural use of frequency weights to explicitly achieve adequate disturbance rejection and measurement noise attenuation on the state estimates. The proposed solution is optimal with respect to all quantities assuming exact angular measurements and, in the presence of noisy angular quantities, it outperforms classic solutions developed in inertial coordinates. Simulation results illustrate the achievable performance in the presence of realistic measurements, including noise and delays.
Pathogenesis of Genital Tract Disease Due to<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (2010)

Although the pathologic consequences of C. trachomatis genital infection are well-established, the mechanism(s)that result in chlamydia-induced tissue damage are not fully understood. We reviewed in vitro, animal, and human data related to the pathogenesis of chlamydial disease to better understand how reproductive sequelae result from C. trachomatis infection. Abundant in vitro data suggest that the inflammatory response to chlamydiae is initiated and sustained by actively infected nonimmune host epithelial cells. The mouse model indicates a critical role for chlamydia activation of the innate immune receptor, Toll-like receptor 2, and subsequent inflammatory cell influx and activation, which contributes to the development of chronic genital tract tissue damage. Data from recent vaccine studies in the murine model and from human immunoepidemiologic studies support a role for chlamydia-specific CD4 Th1-interferon-g-producing cells in protection from infection and disease. However, limited evidence obtained using animal models of repeated infection indicates that, although the adaptive T cell response is a key mechanism involved in controlling or eliminating infection, it may have a double-edged nature and contribute to tissue damage. Important immunologic questions include whether anamnestic CD4 T cell responses drive disease rather than protect against disease and the role of specific immune cells and inflammatory mediators in the induction of tissue damage with primary and repeated infections. Continued study of the complex molecular and cellular interactions between chlamydiae and their host and large-scale prospective immunoepidemiologic and immunopathologic studies are needed to address gaps in our understanding of pathogenesis that thwart development of optimally effective control programs, including vaccine development.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Characterization of the Interaction between <i>N</i>-Butylamine and ∼1 nm CdSe Nanoparticles (2002)

When butylamine (0.1−0.25 M) is added to a colloidal solution of CdSe nanoparticles (NPs) that are 1−2 nm in diameter, the band gap absorption changes from a broad, relatively weak band centered at 445 nm to a narrow, relatively strong absorption centered at 414 nm. The effect of concentration on the observed spectrum shows an isobestic point, suggesting an equilibrium between two species. Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of this process were carried out. The transition was found to be exothermic, with a size-dependent heat of reaction that suggests that there is a direct proportionality between the NP size and the exothermicity of the interaction. The decay kinetics of the original peak were studied and compared to the rise kinetics of the 414 nm peak. The decay of the original NPs was biexponential, with a lifetime that depends on the NP size, concentration of reactants, and the temperature. The rise in the 414 nm peak was found to be multiexponential, reflecting transformations from the ensemble having different NP sizes. A mechanism is proposed for this interaction that depends on the binding of butylamine to the NP surface, followed by a release in energy. The nature of the new species absorbing at 414 nm is discussed.
On the catastrophic puncturing patterns for finite-length polar codes (2016)

In this paper we investigate the impact of puncturing on a given information set. This study is necessary to design a good rate-compatible puncturing pattern for hybrid automatic repeat request based on incremental redundancy (HARQ-IR) since an information set should be unchanged during retransmission. We first identify that for an information set, there exist the so-called catastrophic puncturing patterns which will surely lead to a block error. We further present a recursive algorithm to characterize such puncturing patterns and their weight distributions. Based on this analysis, we propose an efficient greedy algorithm to construct a non-catastrophic puncturing pattern for a given information set. Leveraging this, we construct a rate-compatible polar code that supports various rates using non-catastrophic puncturing patterns. Finally, we demonstrate that it can outperform Turbo code adopted in LTE.
Spontaneous Assembly of Organic Thiocyanates on Gold Sufaces. Alternative Precursors for Gold Thiolate Assemblies (2004)

Thiolate self-assembly on gold has proven to be a valuable technique for assembling monolayers on a wide variety of substrates. However, the oxidative instability of the thiols, especially aromatic thiols and alpha,omega-dithiols, presents several difficulties. Shown here is that thiocyanates, easily synthesized stable thiol derivatives, can be directly assembled on gold surfaces with no auxiliary reagents required. Assembly is complete in 24 h and leaves a similar gold thiolate structure as seen in typical thiol self-assembled monolayers.
A DNA-BINDING PEPTIDE FROM A PHAGE DISPLAY LIBRARY (2001)

A DNA-binding peptide was selected from a random peptide phage display library. For competitive elution using the DNA methyltransferase M.TaqI in the selection step, a biotin-labeled duplex oligodeoxyribonucleotide containing the 5'-TCGA-3' recognition sequence of M.TaqI was employed. Nine of ten phages selected were found to have the same deduced amino acid sequence SVSVGMKPSPRP. The selected phage binds to DNA, as demonstrated in an ELISA.
Characterization of the electrode-skin impedance of textile electrodes (2014)

Wearable systems are expected to contribute for improving traditional biopotential signals monitoring devices due to higher freedom and unobtrusiveness provided to the wearer. Textile electrodes present advantages compared with the conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes for the capturing of biopotentials, namely in terms of skin irritation due to the hydrogel and the need of a technician to place the electrodes on the correct positions. Due to the lack of hydrogel, textile electrodes present different electrical contact characteristics. The skin-electrode impedance is an important feature since it affects the captured signal quality. Although a low impedance is desired, a comfortable wearable system should not require the electrodes to be covered by the hydrogel or be moistened. A forearm sleeve provided with textile electrodes was used to study the electrode-skin impedance and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of surface electromyographic (EMG) signals on a long-term use basis. The sleeve can be adjusted for different levels of tightening to control the pressure applied on the electrodes. The obtained results provide valuable information on the pressure that the textile garments of a sleeve or vest should apply on the recording electrodes, in order to assure a good electrical and mechanical contact between the electrodes and the skin and decrease the noise due to motion. It was observed that the electrode-skin impedance measurement alone is not sufficient to establish a relation with the SNR. The extraction of parameters from an electrical equivalent model of the electrode-skin interface allows to determine a relation with the model parameters and the SNR. The evaluation of these parameters during long-term monitoring will allow assessing the quality of biopotential measurements in textile electrodes.
The development of a dot blot assay using gene probes for the detection of enteroviruses in water (1986)

Enteric viruses are viruses which replicate in the intestinal tract of man and animals. One mode of transmission for enteric viruses is the fecal-oral route. Drinking water which has been contaminated with sewage or sewage effluent has been implicated as a means for the spread of enteric viruses. Monitoring water for virus contamination requires two steps: 1) the collection and the concentration of the water sample and 2) the isolation and identification of the virus present. Current methods for the detection of enteric viruses in water requires the use of animal cell culture. This technique has several drawbacks, such as: 1) long incubation periods, up to two and three weeks, before some enteric viruses are detected, 2) not all viruses can be detected in one cell line, and 3) not all viruses have been grown in cell culture. More rapid techniques, such as fluorescent antibody or radioimmunoassay do not have the needed sensitivity to detect the low levels of virus found in contaminated water. These techniques also require the production of an antibody for each different virus type. An alternative technique for the detection of viruses in water was sought. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology now makes it possible to detect viruses without the use of cell culture or antibodies. Gene probes that hybridize to the RNA of poliovirus and hepatitis A virus were tested for their ability to detect different enteric viruses. The probes were labeled with ³²P dCTP and ³²P dATP to a specific activity greater then 1.0 x 10⁹ cpm/ug DNA. Gene Screen Plus (NEN) was chosen as the hybridization membrane since it was more sensitive to virus detection than the other membranes tested. A dot-blot apparatus (Bio Rad) was used to apply the samples. Results were visualized by autoradiography for thirty-six hours at -70° C. One infectious unit of poliovirus and hepatitis A virus was detected using labeled cDNA probes. Upon comparison, the dot blot assay was as sensitive as tissue culture for the detection of poliovirus in beef extract, secondary effluent, and tapwater. Environmental samples, such as secondary effluent, reclaimed wastewater and unchlorinated drinking water were also assayed for poliovirus and hepatitis A virus with the use of gene probes. The results presented here offer an alternative method for screening water samples for the presence of enteric viruses.