gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Manual of Experimental Embryology (1943)

Professor Hamburger's book is intended to be used as a laboratory guide in graduate or undergraduate courses in experimental embryology. It fulfils this function admirably by bringing together much information about operative procedures and the preparation of materials and of instruments which was previously not available in any single book. Clear step by step descriptions of all phases of operations on amphibian and chick embryos and on planarians (flat worms) are presented in such detail as to enable one not previously trained in this type of work to carry out successful experiments. There is a particular emphasis on simplicity of procedure and use of instruments which may be prepared in any laboratory. Thus, directions are given for the preparation of hair loops, glass needles, micropipets, microscalpels and microburners—instruments which suffice for the repetition of many classic operations. The more elaborate tools (iris knives, iridectomy scissors, watchmakers' forceps) are described and
Anthesis date mainly explained correlations between post-anthesis leaf senescence, grain yield, and grain protein concentration in a winter wheat population segregating for flowering time QTLs (2011)

The genetic variability of the duration of leaf senescence during grain filling has been shown to affect both carbon and nitrogen acquisition. In particular, maintaining green leaves during grain filling possibly leads to increased grain yield, but its associated effect on grain protein concentration has not been studied. The aim of this study was to dissect the genetic factors contributing to correlations observed at the phenotypic level between leaf senescence during grain filling, grain protein concentration, and grain yield in winter wheat. With this aim in view, an analysis of quantitative trait locus (QTL) co-locations for these traits was carried out on a doubled haploid mapping population grown in a large multienvironment trial network. Pleiotropic QTLs affecting leaf senescence and grain yield and/or grain protein concentration were identified on chromosomes 2D, 2A, and 7D. These were associated with QTLs for anthesis date, showing that the phenotypic correlations with leaf senescence were mainly explained by flowering time in this wheat population. Study of the allelic effects of these pleiotropic QTLs showed that delaying leaf senescence was associated with increased grain yield or grain protein concentration depending on the environments considered. It is proposed that this differential effect of delaying leaf senescence on grain yield and grain protein concentration might be related to the nitrogen availability during the post-anthesis period. It is concluded that the benefit of using leaf senescence as a selection criterion to improve grain protein concentration in wheat cultivars may be limited and would largely depend on the targeted environments, particularly on their nitrogen availability during the post-anthesis period.
Site requirements of reactions on oxide surfaces (1993)

The development of structure-reactivity relationships has been a long-standing goal of surface science studies. Ironically, though they have been considered much less often than metals, metal oxides appear to offer some of the best opportunities for developing such relationships. The localized electronic structure of oxides permits connections to be drawn from reactivity to the discrete coordination environments and oxidation states of surface cations, and thence to coordination chemistry of metal complexes in solution. Reactions of carboxylic acids on different oxide single crystal surfaces illustrate the roles of surface coordinative unsaturation, oxidation state, and redox properties in determining the surface reactivity of metal oxides.
An evidential reasoning approach for multiple-attribute decision making with uncertainty (1994)

A new evidential reasoning based approach is proposed that may be used to deal with uncertain decision knowledge in multiple-attribute decision making (MADM) problems with both quantitative and qualitative attributes. This approach is based on an evaluation analysis model and the evidence combination rule of the Dempster-Shafer theory. It is akin to a preference modeling approach, comprising an evidential reasoning framework for evaluation and quantification of qualitative attributes. Two operational algorithms have been developed within this approach for combining multiple uncertain subjective judgments. Based on this approach and a traditional MADM method, a decision making procedure is proposed to rank alternatives in MADM problems with uncertainty. A numerical example is discussed to demonstrate the implementation of the proposed approach. A multiple-attribute motor cycle evaluation problem is then presented to illustrate the hybrid decision making procedure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A combined anti-aliasing filter and 2-tap FFE in 65-nm CMOS for 2&#x00D7; blind 2&#x2013;;10 Gb/s ADC-based receivers (2010)

This paper presents a combined anti-aliasing filter and 2-tap feed-forward equalizer (AAF/FFE) as an analog front-end (AFE) for 2× blind ADC-based receivers. The front-end optimizes the channel/filter characteristics for data-rates of 2-10 Gb/s. The AAF bandwidth scales with the data-rate and the 2-tap FFE is designed without the need for noise-sensitive analog delay cells. The AAF/FFE is implemented in 65-nm CMOS, occupies 0.013 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and consumes 2.4 mW at 10 Gb/s.
Activation of the nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase Ack by multiple extracellular stimuli (2006)

Ack/Ack1 is a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase that comprises a tyrosine kinase core, an SH3 domain, a Cdc42-binding region, a Ralt homology region, and a proline-rich region. Here we describe a detailed characterization of the Ack protein as well as the chromosomal localization of human Ack (chromosome 3q29) and the primary structure of murine Ack. We demonstrate that Ack is ubiquitously expressed, with highest expression seen in thymus, spleen, and brain. Activation of integrins by cell adhesion on fibronectin leads to strong tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Ack. Upon cell stimulation with EGF or PDGF, Ack is tyrosine-phosphorylated and recruited to activated EGF or PDGF receptors, respectively. A pool of endogenous Ack molecules is constitutively tyrosine-phosphorylated, even in starved cells. Moreover, tyrosine-phosphorylated Ack forms a stable complex with the adapter protein Nck via its SH2 domain. Finally, we have characterized a membrane-targeting sterile alpha motif-like domain in the amino terminus of Ack. Using several Ack mutants, we show that the amino-terminal and CRIB domains are necessary for Ack autophosphorylation, whereas the SH3 domain appears to have an autoinhibitory role. These experiments suggest a functional role for Ack as an early transducer of multiple extracellular stimuli.
Male Germline Stem Cells: From Mice to Men (2007)

The production of functional male gametes is dependent on the continuous activity of germline stem cells. The availability of a transplantation assay system to unequivocally identify male germline stem cells has allowed their in vitro culture, cryopreservation, and genetic modification. Moreover, the system has enabled the identification of conditions and factors involved in stem cell self-renewal, the foundation of spermatogenesis, and the production of spermatozoa. The increased knowledge about these cells is also of great potential practical value, for example, for the possible cryopreservation of stem cells from boys undergoing treatment for cancer to safeguard their germ line.
Reality-based interaction (2008)

We are in the midst of an explosion of emerging human-computer interaction techniques that redefine our understanding of both computers and interaction. We propose the notion of Reality-Based Interaction (RBI) as a unifying concept that ties together a large subset of these emerging interaction styles. Based on this concept of RBI, we provide a framework that can be used to understand, compare, and relate current paths of recent HCI research as well as to analyze specific interaction designs. We believe that viewing interaction through the lens of RBI provides insights for design and uncovers gaps or opportunities for future research.
Formation of Stable Nanocapsules from Polymerizable Phospholipids (2003)

The formation of lipid-based hollow, spherical nanocapsules is reported. Polymerizable phospholipids equipped with divinylbenzoyl functionality in their headgroup region are synthesized to explore their polymerization behavior in vesicles. Polymerizable phospholipids alone or as mixtures with phosphatidylcholine produced vesicles as an aqueous dispersion and produced stable nanocapsules upon polymerization at room temperature. These structures survived lyophilization and a redispersion cycle and maintained their structural integrity in nonaqueous solvent. Vesicles were used for encapsulating enzymes in their hydrophilic cores.
Structure of the zebrafish <i>snail1</i> gene and its expression in wild-type, <i>spadetail</i> and <i>no tail</i> mutant embryos (1993)

Mesoderm formation is critical for the establishment of the animal body plan and in Drosophila requires the snail gene. This report concerns the cloning and expression pattern of the structurally similar gene snail1 from zebrafish. In situ hybridization shows that the quantity of snail1 RNA increases at the margin of the blastoderm in cells that involute during gastrulation. As gastrulation begins, snail1 RNA disappears from the dorsal axial mesoderm and becomes restricted to the paraxial mesoderm and the tail bud. snail1 RNA increases in cells that define the posterior border of each somite and then disappears when somitic cells differentiate. Later in development, expression appears in cephalic neural crest derivatives. Many snail1-expressing cells were missing from mutant spadetail embryos and the quantity of snail1 RNA was greatly reduced in mutant no tail embryos. The work presented here suggests that snail1 is involved in morphogenetic events during gastrulation, somitogenesis and development of the cephalic neural crest, and that no tail may act as a positive regulator of snail1.
Excitation Energy Dependence of Intramolecular Exciplex Formation and Electronic Relaxation in the Collision-free Vapor (1983)

Abstract The excitation energy dependence of the intramolecular exciplex formation and the electronic relaxation has been studied in the collision-free vapor of 1-(9,10-dicyano-2-anthryl)-3-(pentamethylphenyl)propane. The fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes of the 9,10-dicyanoanthryl moiety and the intramolecular exciplex in the collision-free vapor were observed to depend on the excitation energy within the S1 absorption band. From the quantum yields and the decay rate constants, the excitation energy dependence of the association and dissociation rate constants of the intramolecular exciplex formation were determined. The association rate constant of the exciplex formation increases more remarkably with increasing excitation energy than the nonradiative rate constants of 9,10-dicyanoanthryl moiety and the exciplex. The excitation energy dependence of the association rate constant was discussed in terms of the nonradiative transition from the initial optical state to the final exciplex and the level density of the final state, which were calculated in the simple model system by means of the semi-classical mechanics.
Multi-sensor based segmentation of human manipulation tasks (2010)

In this paper we present an overview of a multi-sensor setup designed to record and analyse human in-hand manipulation - tasks consisting of several phases of finger motions following the initial grasp. During the experiments all of the hand, finger, and object positions are recorded, as are the contact forces applied to the manipulated objects. The use of instrumented sensing objects complements the data. The goal is to understand and extract a basic set of finger and hand movement patterns, which can then be combined to perform a complete manipulation task, and which can be transferred to control robotic hands. The segmentation of whole manipulation traces into several phases corresponding to individual basic patterns is the first step towards this goal. Initial analysis and segmentation of two typical manipulation tasks are presented, showing the advantages of the multi-modal analysis.
Long-term results after incisional hernia repair. (1985)

After repair of incisional hernia, 154 patients were followed up for periods ranging from 4 to 10 years. An actuarial analysis showed a cumulated recurrence rate of 31%, with most recurrences appearing in the first three years. The recurrence rate after repair of recurrent incisional hernia was 44%. A cautious attitude to surgical treatment of incisional hernia is suggested if the patient has only mild discomfort.
Chemoembolization of Head and Neck Cancer with Carboplatine Microcapsules (1996)

Fourteen patients with malignant tumor in the head and neck region were treated with infusion of carboplatine microcapsules (CBDCA-mc) via percutaneous super-selective catheterization. A microcatheter was advanced into a feeding artery using a coaxial catheter system. Eleven patients had over 30% reduction of the tumor size on CT within 1 month after embolization. Twelve patients had an increased amount of low attenuation tissue in the tumor on CT after embolization, suggesting increased necrosis in the tumor. No definite hematologic toxicity was found. A majority of patients complained of moderate pain in the embolized region immediately after embolization, easily relieved by i.v. analgesics. Chemoembolization using CBDCA-mc may be an effective therapeutic modality in advanced cases of head and neck cancer.
On Reducing Peak Current and Power during Test (2005)

This paper presents a progressive match filling (PMF) technique to reduce the peak current and power dissipation during the fast capture cycle in broadside delay fault testing. The proposed method fills the unspecified values (X) in the generated initialization vector such that the resulting launch vector at a minimal Hamming distance from the initialization vector. The proposed method does not require any hardware modification and can be used to obtain any test sets that require two pattern tests. Experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the peak current and power dissipation during the fast capture cycle by 40.59% on average and up to 54.17% for large ISC AS 89 circuits.
A Novel Triterpene Saponin from Gypsophila capillaris (1995)

A novel C-28 tetraglycoside of quillaic acid (1) has been isolated from Gypsophila capillaris. The structure was elucidated by 1 D NMR (NOE difference, DEPT, selective 13 C{ 1 H} INEPT), 2D NMR ( 1 H, 1 H and 1 H, 13 C COSY, 1 H, 1 H, 1 H RELAY, ROESY and TOCSY) and other spectroscopic and chromatographic evidences. Conformational dynamics within the tetrasaccharide part were estimated from NOE responses and ROESY peaks.
Curvature estimation in oriented patterns using curvilinear models applied to gradient vector fields (2001)

Curved oriented patterns are dominated by high frequencies and exhibit zero gradients on ridges and valleys. Existing curvature estimators fail here. The characterization of curved oriented patterns based on translation invariance lacks an estimation of local curvature and yields a biased curvature-dependent confidence measure. Using parameterized curvilinear models we measure the amount of local gradient energy along the model gradient as a function of model curvature. Minimizing the residual energy yields a closed-form solution for the local curvature estimate and the corresponding confidence measure. We show that simple curvilinear models are applicable in the analysis of a wide variety of curved oriented patterns.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphomas and Acute Leukemias (1993)

In summary, flow cytometry is highly applicable to the detection and classification of leukemias and lymphomas due to the ease with which single-cell suspensions may be made. Composite immunophenotypic analysis is essential for classifying leukemias once the disease is detected by traditional means. In contrast, in the detection of lymphoproliferative diseases, the composite immunophenotype is itself diagnostic of the disease process. Characterization of size, as measured by light scatter and by DNA ploidy and cell cycle analysis, contributes to the further subdivision of lymphoproliferative disorders. Specifically, small, monoclonal cells that are diploid with a synthetic fraction of 5% are characteristic of low-grade lymphomas. Admixtures of large and small cells wherein the large cells are monoclonal and the small cells are either monoclonal or heterogeneous may be seen in intermediate lymphomas. In this category, DNA ploidy is variable and the total synthetic fraction is usually between 5% and 15%. High-grade lymphomas, with the exception of the immunoblastic category, are usually of intermediate size, are diploid or near-diploid, and exhibit synthetic fractions greater than 15%. Interestingly, few reactive T cells are seen. Ongoing efforts to standardize procedures will eventually result in more widespread applicability together with improved understanding of the attributes and limitations of this technology. The most important consideration, however, is that the technology is useless in the absence of a working knowledge of the biology of the diseases to be characterized. Conversely, the complexity of flow cytometry is sufficient to warrant rigorous training of laboratory professionals in this field.
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF A FREEWAY SLOT-RESERVATION SYSTEM: QUEUING COSTS VERSUS SCHEDULING COSTS (2000)

In the past decades, we have learned to accept that the capacity of freeways is limited, and that designing freeways with such capacities that daily congestion can be avoided is often not optimal from both a social and an economic point of view. This paper studies the potential benefits of slot reservation. Slot reservation implies that users do no longer have random access to certain freeways; instead they have to reserve a slot in advance. By analysing the difference between user equilibrium departure times and system optimum departure times, it appears that, theoretically, all queuing costs can be eliminated without increasing the mean rescheduling costs. The magnitude of this cost reduction is about 50%. Alternatively, congestion pricing could be used to help to restore the balance between supply and demand. However, this solution has a number of disadvantages, including the problem that the toll raisers have limited knowledge about the future traffic demand, and the limited acceptance of welfare redistribution effects by the public. Thus, it can be concluded that slot reservation is an interesting option, though the final conclusion can only be based on a complete assessment of both the benefits and the costs of the system. For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E205613. (A)
Active noise control - a review of control-related problems (2008)

Active noise control is a research area, where both acoustic and control related problems influence success of applications. The aim of the paper is to address the control aspects. After introducing active noise control in general, the fundamental state of the art is presented. The possible control techniques are discussed. Premises for the choice of feedforward, feedback and combined architectures are summarised. Single-channel and multi-channel systems are confronted. Benefits and drawbacks of continuous-time and discrete-time approaches are emphasised. Fixed-parameter and adaptive control systems are referenced. General control system requirements are formulated. Fundamental performance limitations are explained. Various control problem formulations including cost functions and constraints are presented for an exemplary structure.
Multiple efflux mechanisms are involved in Candida albicans fluconazole resistance (1996)

Fluconazole-susceptible Candida albicans strains accumulated [3H]fluconazole at a rate of approximately 2 pmol/min per 10(9) cells. Fluconazole accumulation was not affected by the pretreatment of cells with sodium azide or with 2-deoxyglucose. The rate of fluconazole accumulation became saturated at high fluconazole concentrations and was not affected by the addition of ketoconazole, and there was no fluconazole accumulation in cells incubated at 4 degrees C. A fluconazole-resistant mutant of C. albicans SGY-243 was isolated following growth enrichment in fluconazole-containing medium. Cells of the mutant strain, designated FR2, showed a reduced rate of fluconazole accumulation compared with SGY-243 and were not resistant to other azole antifungal agents. The rates of fluconazole accumulation by C. albicans FR2 and the other azole-resistant strains, B59630, AD, and KB, were increased in the presence of sodium azide, suggesting that fluconazole resistance in these strains may be associated with an energy-dependent drug efflux. Fluconazole-resistant C. albicans strains all contained elevated amounts (2- to 17-fold) of mRNA encoding Cdr1, and an ATP-binding cassette-type transporter. In addition, C. albicans FR2 also contained increased amounts of mRNA encoding Benr, a major facilitator superfamily transporter. These results suggest that fluconazole enters C. albicans cells by facilitated diffusion and that fluconazole resistance may involve energy-dependent drug efflux associated with increased expression of Benr and/or Cdr1.
Hydroxyl-directed regioselective monodemethylation of polymethoxyarenes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroxyl-directed regioselective monodemethylation of polymethoxyarenesKasturi Lal, Subrata Ghosh, and Robert G. SalomonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 6, 1072–1078Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00382a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00382a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1610Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts