gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utility of a Rapid Fecal Latex Agglutination Test Detecting the Neutrophil Protein, Lactoferrin, for Diagnosing Inflammatory Causes of Chronic Diarrhea (1998)

The major cause of fecal neutrophils in patients with chronic diarrhea is chronic inflammatory bowel disease of the colon. The latex agglutination test for fecal lactoferrin offers a highly sensitive, specific, and simple means for detection of fecal neutrophils in these patients.
A CONTINUOUS MONITOR FOR AIRBORNE PLUTONIUM (1956)

dusts contain. The metallic constituents included elements normally not found in dusts, e.g., chromium, nickel, copper, and zinc. Concentrations of aluminum and iron exceeded those normally found in minerals. Elemental concentrations in individual particles covered a wide range: one 2-..mu..m-diameter particle contained 97 percent NiO, a 9-..mu..m-diameter particle contained 72 percent Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Although the particles were selected because they produced plutonium fission tracks, the plutonium concentration was too low to be estimated by microprobe analysis in all but a 1-..mu..m-diameter particle. This plutonium-bearing particle contained 73 percent PuO/sub 2/ by weight in combination with Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and mica; its activity was estimated at 0.17 pCi of /sup 239/Pu.
Phenotypes of murine leukemia virus-induced tumors: influence of 3' viral coding sequences (1992)

Murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) induce leukemias and lymphomas in mice. We have used fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis to determine the hematopoietic phenotypes of tumor cells induced by a number of MuLVs. Tumor cells induced by ecotropic Moloney, amphotropic 4070A, and 10A1 MuLVs and by two chimeric MuLVs, Mo(4070A) and Mo(10A1), were examined with antibodies to 13 lineage-specific cell surface markers found on myeloid cell, T-cell, and B-cell lineages. The chimeric Mo(4070A) and Mo(10A1) MuLVs, consisting of Moloney MuLV with the carboxy half of the Pol region and nearly all of the Env region of 4070A and 10A1, respectively, were constructed to examine the possible influence of these sequences on Moloney MuLV-induced tumor cell phenotypes. In some instances, these phenotypic analyses were supplemented by Southern blot analysis for lymphoid cell-specific genomic DNA rearrangements at the immunoglobulin heavy-chain, the T-cell receptor gamma, and the T-cell receptor beta loci. The results of our analysis showed that Moloney MuLV, 4070A, Mo(4070A), and Mo(10A1) induced mostly T-cell tumors. Moloney MuLV and Mo(4070A) induced a wide variety of T-cell phenotypes, ranging from immature to mature phenotypes, while 4070A induced mostly prothymocyte and double-negative (CD4- CD8-) T-cell tumors. The tumor phenotypes obtained with 10A1 and Mo(10A1) were each less variable than those obtained with the other MuLVs tested. 10A1 uniformly induced a tumor consisting of lineage marker-negative cells that lack lymphoid cell-specific DNA rearrangements and histologically appear to be early undifferentiated erythroid cell-like precursors. The Mo(10A1) chimera consistently induced an intermediate T-cell tumor. The chimeric constructions demonstrated that while 4070A 3' pol and env sequences apparently did not influence the observed tumor cell phenotypes, the 10A1 half of pol and env had a strong effect on the phenotypes induced by Mo(10A1) that resulted in a phenotypic consistency not seen with other viruses. This result implicates 10A1 env in an active role in the tumorigenic process.
Design and Analysis of Diffie-Hellman-Based Key Exchange Using One-time ID by SVO Logic (2005)

Authenticated key exchange protocols have been developed to establish secure channel on the Internet. In this paper, we consider following attacks against an authenticated key exchange using shared secret: eavesdropping, DoS attack, replay attack, and impersonation. Besides prevention from all these attacks, efficiency is also important. In this paper, we propose a three-party authenticated key exchange protocol based on Diffie-Hellman key exchange with one-time ID, which is a user's extraordinary identity used only once [K. Imamoto, K. Sakurai, Notes on Dynamic Information Management for Authenticated Key Exchange, ISEC, March 2003; H. Krawczyk, The IKE-SIGMA Protocol, Internet Draft, Nov 2001. http://www.ee.technion.ac.il/~hugo/draft-krawczyk-ipsec-ike-sigma-00.txt]. Moreover, we analyze our proposal by SVO Logic, which is one of formal methods to analyze cryptographic protocols [P. Syverson and P. C. van Oorschot. A Unified Cryptographic Protocol Logic. NRL CHAOS Report, 5540-227, 1996; P. Syverson and I. Cervesato. The Logic of Authentication Protocols. FOSAD'00, LNCS2171, pp.63-137, 2001], and show what assumptions are needed.
Modulation of Nicotinic Receptor Activity in the Central Nervous System (2001)

Impaired cholinergic function in the central nervous system is an early feature of Alzheimer disease (AD). Currently, cholinergic deficit is usually corrected by increasing the amount of acetylcholine in the synapse by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). One of the most consistent cholinergic deficits in AD is the reduced expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in the brain. Since these receptors are essential for learning and memory, restoring nicotinic cholinergic function is a promising approach to treating AD. Allosteric modulation of nAChR is a novel approach, which circumvents development of tolerance through long-term use of conventional nicotinic agonists. Allosteric modulators interact with receptor-binding sites distinct from those capable of recognizing the natural agonist. Positive allosteric modulation of nAChR activity has no effect on conductance of single channels; instead, by facilitating channel opening, it potentiates responses evoked by the interaction of the natural agonist with presynaptic and postsynaptic nAChR. Allosteric modulation of nAChR activity could therefore potentially produce a significant benefit in AD. One such allosteric modulator is galantamine. In addition to increasing nAChR activity, galantamine also inhibits AChE. This novel, dual mechanism of action distinguishes galantamine from many other AChE inhibitors. Galantamine has been shown to improve cognitive and daily function for at least 6 months in placebo-controlled trials, and to maintain these functions at baseline levels for at least 12 months in a 6-month open-label extension study. Galantamine has positive effects on nAChR expression, which are likely to contribute to its sustained efficacy in the treatment of AD patients.
Enhanced interleukin 1 and depressed interleukin 2 production in juvenile arthritis. (1986)

Blood mononuclear cells from a total of 23 children with juvenile arthritis were stimulated in vitro to produce interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) and compared with age matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood monocytes from patients with juvenile arthritis produced a higher amount of IL-1 than controls, whereas peripheral blood lymphocytes from the same patients produced lower amount of IL-2 than controls. These findings could not be explained by concurrent therapy. The increase of IL-1 production was more marked in patients with active disease and therefore may have been secondary to the pathological process. However, the decrease of IL-2 production did not depend on disease activity, thus suggesting an immunoregulatory abnormality.
The c-fos transcript is targeted for rapid decay by two distinct mRNA degradation pathways. (1989)

Rapid degradation of c-fos proto-oncogene mRNA is crucial for transient c-fos gene expression. Experiments were performed to investigate the cellular mechanisms responsible for the extremely short half-life of human c-fos mRNA in growth-factor-stimulated fibroblasts. These experiments demonstrate the existence of two distinct cellular pathways for rapid c-fos mRNA degradation. Each of these pathways recognizes a different, functionally independent instability determinant within the c-fos transcript. One instability determinant, which is located within the c-fos 3'-untranslated region, is a 75-nucleotide AU-rich segment. Insertion of this element into beta-globin mRNA markedly reduces the half-life of that normally long-lived message. Nevertheless, specific deletion of the AU-rich element from c-fos mRNA has little effect on the transcript's cytoplasmic half-life due to the presence of the other c-fos instability determinant, which is located in the protein-coding segment of the c-fos message. Examination of mRNA decay in cells treated with transcription inhibitors indicates that one c-fos mRNA degradation pathway is dependent on RNA synthesis, whereas the other is not.
Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Networks using Multi-view Time-Series Hypersphere Learning (2017)

Detecting anomalous patterns from dynamic and multi-attributed network systems has been a challenging problem due to the complication of temporal dynamics and the variations reflected in multiple data sources. We propose a Multi-view Time-Series Hypersphere Learning (MTHL) approach that leverages multi-view learning and support vector description to tackle this problem. Given a dynamic network with time-varying edge and node properties, MTHL projects multi-view time-series data into a shared latent subspace, and then learns a compact hypersphere surrounding normal samples with soft constraints. The learned hypersphere allows for effectively distinguishing normal and abnormal cases. We further propose an efficient, two-stage alternating optimization algorithm as a solution to the MTHL. Extensive experiments are conducted on both synthetic and real datasets. Results demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline methods in detecting three types of events that involve (i) time-varying features alone, (ii) time-aggregated features alone, as well as (iii) both features. Moreover, our approach exhibits consistent and good performance in face of issues including noises, anomaly pollution in training phase and data imbalance.
Sound Therapy for Tinnitus Management: Practicable Options (2014)

Clinicians need to be guided by the patient's point of care, patient motivation and expectations of sound therapy, and the acceptability of the intervention both in terms of the sound stimuli they are to use and whether they are willing to use sound extensively or intermittently. Clinicians should also clarify to patients the role sound therapy is expected to play in the management plan.
Effect of electron blocking layer on efficiency droop in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes (2009)

The effect of an electron blocking layer (EBL) on the efficiency droop in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is investigated. At low current density, the LEDs with a p-AlGaN EBL show a higher external quantum efficiency (EQE) than LEDs without an EBL. However, the EQE of LEDs without an EBL is higher than LEDs with an EBL as injection current density is increased. The improved EQE of LEDs without an EBL at high current density is attributed to the increased hole injection efficiency.
Automated diabetic retinopathy detection using optical coherence tomography angiography: a pilot study (2018)

Automated diagnosis of NPDR using OCTA images is feasible and accurate. Combining this system with OCT data is a plausible next step that would likely improve its robustness.
XML-based Representations in Product Lifecycle Management (2007)

To support a collaborative environment and strengthen information management for the entire product lifecycles management (PLM) of products, there are increasing demands on developing new-generation product representations. The representations need to be of software platform independence, rapid sharing of information between geographically distributed applications and users, support of the entire product life cycle, and protection of commercial security of products. Conventional product representations, e.g., geometric or feature-based computer-aided design (CAD) models, are unable to meet such requirements. The extensible markup language (XML) offers several advantages, such as platform/application-independency, position-independency and machine-interpretability, so that it has the great potential to be incorporated with conventional product representations to form new-generation exchanging formats. This paper presents a survey of the XML-based product representations to support PLM.
A phase II, multicenter study of bendamustine HCl plus rituximab in relapsed indolent B-cell and mantle-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (2006)

7528 Background: Bendamustine HCl, a novel alkylating hybrid agent, has single-agent activity in multiple hematologic and solid tumors. In vitro data have demonstrated the multifunctional mechanisms of bendamustine by which cell death occurs via both apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe. Bendamustine has shown activity in NHL cell lines that are refractory to conventional alkylator chemotherapies. The combination of bendamustine and rituximab has shown a synergistic effect on NHL cells. The efficacy and safety of bendamustine in combination with rituximab in patients with relapsed NHL were evaluated. Methods: This phase II, multicenter study enrolled adult patients with relapsed, indolent, rituximab-sensitive B-cell or mantle-cell NHL. Patients received rituximab 375 mg/m 2 IV on day 1 and bendamustine 90 mg/m 2 IV on days 2 and 3 of a 28-day cycle for 4 to 6 cycles. An additional dose of rituximab 375 mg/m 2 IV was given 1 week prior to the first cycle of bendamustine and 4 weeks after the last cycle. Results: The intent-to-treat population included 67 patients (57% males; median age, 60 years) with indolent NHL (81%) or mantle-cell NHL (16%) (data not available [3%]). A total of 81% of patients had stage III/IV disease. Patients had relapsed from a median of 1 prior therapy; 37% had prior treatment with rituximab. In the 57 evaluable patients, the overall objective response rate (ORR) was 87% (complete response [CR], 33%). The ORR for the 9 evaluable mantle-cell NHL patients was 89% (CR, 33%). For all patients, the median duration of response and progression-free survival had not been reached after a median follow-up of 3.7 months (range, 0–14.2 months). This therapy was well tolerated. Most commonly reported nonhematologic toxicities were grade 1/2 gastrointestinal events, with nausea being the greatest (38%). The primary grade 3/4 hematologic toxicity was neutropenia (29%), with 1 event of sepsis. Conclusions: Bendamustine in combination with rituximab was well tolerated and produced high response rates in patients with relapsed indolent and mantle-cell NHL. These results suggest bendamustine in combination with rituximab provides a potential benefit over single-agent rituximab therapy. [Table: see text]
Human .alpha.-thrombin binding to nonpolymerized fibrin-sepharose: evidence for an anionic binding region (1985)

In order to investigate ligand binding sites in alpha-thrombin that interact with nonpolymerized fibrin, fibrinogen was conjugated (with CNBr) to Sepharose 4B and converted to the nonpolymerized fibrin resin with alpha-thrombin. Human alpha-thrombin was bound to the resin at 22 degrees C and eluted with a linear NaCl gradient [50-300 mM in 50 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride, pH 7.6] with midpeak elution occurring at an ionic strength that corresponds to 170 +/- 5 mM NaCl. Among various ligands examined, ATP and its analogues caused alpha-thrombin to elute with 125 mM or less salt. Apparent dissociation constants were estimated by the dependence of elution volume on ligand concentration. The most potent ligands for desorption from the column were anionic (e.g., adenine nucleotides), which also inhibit thrombin esterolytic/amidolytic and clotting activity [Conery, B. G., & Berliner, L. J. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 369-375]. The desorption series was at 10 mM concentrations: ATP = ADP greater than pyrophosphate greater than citrate greater than oxalate greater than PO4(3-). Contrastingly, serotonin and related apolar compounds did not cause dissociation of alpha-thrombin from the fibrin resin, even though several of these substances inhibit fibrinogen clotting and esterolytic/amidolytic activities of the enzyme. These data imply that independent sites for apolar and anionic binding in alpha-thrombin are required for converting fibrinogen into clottable fibrin and that alpha-thrombin-fibrin binding involves an anionic site.
Vacuum Micromanometer (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVacuum MicromanometerW. S. Young and R. C. TaylorCite this: Anal. Chem. 1947, 19, 2, 133–135Publication Date (Print):February 20, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 20 February 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60002a019RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (336 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A study of variations in the reported haemophilia B prevalence around the world (2011)

Summary. The objectives of this article were to study the reported prevalence of haemophilia B (HB) on a country‐by‐country basis and to analyse whether the prevalence of HB varied by national economy. The prevalence of HB is the proportion of diagnosed, reported cases of HB in a population at a specific point of time. We collected data on the HB prevalence for 105 countries from the World Federation of Hemophilia annual global surveys. Our results showed that the HB prevalence varied considerably among countries, even among the wealthiest of countries. The HB prevalence (per 100 000 males) for the highest income countries was 2.69 ± 1.61 (mean ± SD), whereas the prevalence for the rest of the world was 1.20 ± 1.33 (mean ± SD). Ireland had the highest reported HB prevalence of 8.07 per 100 000 males. There was a strong trend of increasing HB prevalence (per 100 000 males) over time. Prevalence data reported from the WFH compared well with prevalence data from the literature. The WFH annual global surveys have some limitations, but they are the best available source of worldwide haemophilia data. Prevalence data are extremely valuable information for the planning efforts of national healthcare agencies in setting priorities and allocating resources for the treatment of HB.
Imaging CAR T cell therapy with PSMA-targeted positron emission tomography (2019)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for hematologic malignancies is fraught with several unknowns, including number of functional T cells that engage target tumor, durability and subsequent expansion and contraction of that engagement, and whether toxicity can be managed. Non-invasive, serial imaging of CAR T cell therapy using a reporter transgene can address those issues quantitatively. We have transduced anti-CD19 CAR T cells with the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) because it is a human protein with restricted normal tissue expression and has an expanding array of positron emission tomography (PET) and therapeutic radioligands. We demonstrate that CD19-tPSMA<sup>(N9del)</sup> CAR T cells can be tracked with [<sup>18</sup>F]DCFPyL PET in a Nalm6 model of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Divergence between the number of CD19-tPSMA<sup>(N9del)</sup> CAR T cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow and those in tumor was evident. These findings underscore the need for non-invasive repeatable monitoring of CAR T cell disposition clinically.
Transdifferentiation in Animal Cells: Fact or Artifact? (1986)

Some specialized animal cells can overtly change from one differentiated phenotype to another through the process of transdifferentiation. In this review article, representative and convincing examples of transdifferentiation in cells of various animals ranging from mammals to coelenterates are presented. Several basic nature of the cellular properties that underly the transdifferentiation process is discussed. Studies are in progress to understand the mechanism of transdifferentiation in terms of gene expression.
XLIV. <i>On the velocity and mass of the ions in the electric wind in air</i> (1899)

I T is a generally accepted theory of what happens when a sharp point discharges electricity through a non-conducting gas onto a smooth metal plate, that the strong field at the point dissociates the gas into + and --ions, and that a oneway flow of the ions of like sign to the point thereupon ensues from point to plate.Rutherford (Phil Mag.Nov. 1897) has measm'ed the velocity of ions dissociated in gases by R5ntgen and by uranium rays, and finds that for air the stun of the + and -velocities in a field of one volt per centimetre is 3'2 centimetres per second.Zeleny (Phil.Mag.July 1898) has since shown that the ratio of the velocity of the negative to that of the positive ions in the same field is 1"25 for air.One object of the present paper is to show that the ions dissociated at a sharp point in air are probably identical with those sludied by Rutherford and Zeleny.Theo~ of the M/etlwd.Let B, fig. 1, be a sharp positively electrified metal point in a non-conducting gas, opposite and at distance z from an * Communicated.by .the
A reconfigurable VLSI neural network (1992)

Due to the variety of architectures that need be considered while attempting solutions to various problems using neural networks, the implementation of a neural network with programmable topology and programmable weights has been undertaken. A new circuit block, the distributed neuron-synapse, has been used to implement a 1024 synapse reconfigurable network on a VLSI chip. In order to evaluate the performance of the VLSI chip, a complete test setup consisting of hardware for configuring the chip, programming the synaptic weights, presenting analog input vectors to the chip, and recording the outputs of the chip, has been built. Following the performance verification of each circuit block on the chip, various sample problems were solved. In each of the problems the synaptic weights were determined by training the neural network using a gradient-based learning algorithm which is incorporated in the experimental test setup. The results of this work indicate that reconfigurable neural networks built using distributed neuron synapses can be used to solve various problems efficiently.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>