gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endothelial and smooth muscle cells express leukocyte adhesion molecules heterogeneously during acute rejection of rabbit cardiac allografts. (1994)

Interactions of leukocytes with vascular wall cells figure prominently in acute rejection and development of vascular occlusive disease after cardiac transplantation. To investigate the time course and distribution among different types of vessels of expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules, issues difficult to address in humans, we studied heterotopic transplants of Dutch-Belted rabbit hearts into New Zealand white recipients without immunosuppression (average time to graft failure 8.2 +/- 0.4 days). We found constitutive expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by coronary arterial endothelium in normal rabbits, whereas myocardial capillaries and the endocardial lining cells showed little or no expression of VCAM-1. VCAM-1 expression increased within 1 day after transplantation on the endothelium of the transplanted aorta and endocardium and on myocardial microvascular endothelial cells. ICAM-1 expression increased remarkably on all endothelia studied from 2 to 8 days after transplantation. Adhesion molecule expression on coronary artery endothelial cells also increased during severe allograft rejection (from a histological score of 1.7 +/- 0.6 pretransplant to 4.8 +/- 0.2 8 days after transplant for VCAM-1 and from 0.9 +/- 0.6 to 4.4 +/- 0.3 for ICAM-1, n = 43 arteries in 5 animals, mean +/- SD). In addition, coronary artery and aortic smooth muscle cells also showed induction of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 8 days after transplant. We conclude that endothelial activation in a transplanted organ can occur rapidly and varies among microvascular, endocardial, and coronary artery endothelial cells, a point germane to the interpretation of endomyocardial biopsies. Augmented expression of adhesion molecules precedes temporally leukocyte accumulation in vessels. In addition, our finding of activation of coronary artery smooth muscle cells during acute rejection suggests that such episodes may contribute to the development of accelerated coronary arteriosclerosis.
Suspension in magnetic recording using high T/sub c/ superconductors (1989)

The authors consider the use of the recently discovered high-T/sub c/ superconductors for suspension applications in magnetic recording. A theoretical derivation of suspension heights and dynamic response from an energy perspective is given along with experimental results. A positive suspension system for the recording head is developed that yields improved access times and stability over conventional air bearing gliders.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new degradation mechanism of current drivability and reliability of asymmetrical LDDMOSFET's (1985)

Characteristics of asymmetrical LDDMOSFET's fabricated by inclined n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> ion implantation have been investigated. It has been newly found that current drivability and reliability of asymmetrical LDDMOSFET's are affected by n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> ion incident angle and the gate's bird's beak length. Symmetrical and shorter gate's bird's beak LDDMOSFET's are more current drive capable than asymmetrical and longer ones. These results are well explained by our simple model. On the other hand, shorter drain n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> - gate overlap and gate's bird's beak LDDMOSFET's are less reliable than longer ones.
Facile synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-substituted D-arabinofuranose derivatives (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-substituted D-arabinofuranose derivativesTsann-Long Su, Robert S. Klein, and Jack J. FoxCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 9, 1790–1792Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00322a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00322a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adsorption of Dimethyldodecylamine Oxide and Its Mixtures with Triton X-100 at the Hydrophilic Silica/Water Interface Studied Using Total Internal Reflection Raman Spectroscopy (2016)

Adsorption of dimethyldodecylamine oxide (DDAO) and its mixtures with Triton X-100 (TX-100) at the hydrophilic silica/water interface has been studied using total internal reflection (TIR) Raman spectroscopy and target factor analysis (TFA). The use of a linear vibrational spectroscopic technique helps obtain information on molecular behavior, adsorbed amount, and conformational order of surfactant molecules at the interface. The results obtained from polarized Raman measurements of pure DDAO show insignificant changes in the orientation and conformational order of surface molecules as a function of DDAO bulk concentrations. The adsorption isotherm of pure DDAO shows a change in the structure of the adsorbed layer at concentrations close to the critical micelle concentration (cmc). TFA reveals that, for a low concentration of DDAO (0.30 mM in this study), adsorption of both DDAO and TX-100 in the mixed surfactants was enhanced at low TX-100 concentrations. The synergistic effect is dominant at low concentrations of TX-100, with enhanced adsorption of both surfactants. Although competitive adsorption is effective at high concentrations of TX-100, the presence of a small amount of DDAO at the interface still enhances TX-100 adsorption. When DDAO concentrations are increased to 1.00 mM, TX-100 replaces DDAO molecules on the surface when TX-100 concentration is increased.
Three-dimensional echocardiographic virtual endoscopy for the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in children (2010)

Virtual endoscopy (VE) is a new post-processing method that uses volumetric data sets to simulate the tracks of a "conventional" flexible endoscope. However, almost all studies of this method have involved virtual visualizations of the cardiovascular structures applied to computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) datasets. This paper introduces a novel visualization method called the "three-dimensional echocardiographic intracardiac endoscopic simulation system (3DE IESS)", which uses 3D echocardiographic images in a virtual reality (VR) environment to diagnose congenital heart disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility of VE in the evaluation of congenital heart disease in children and its accuracy compared with 2DE. Three experienced pediatric cardiologists blinded to the patients' diagnoses separately reviewed 40 two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) datasets and 40 corresponding VE datasets and judged whether abnormal intracardiac anatomy was present in terms of a five-point scale (1 = definitely absent; 2 = probably absent; 3 = cannot be determined; 4 = probably present; and 5 = definitely present). Compared with clinical diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of VE was 98.7% for ASD, 92.4% for VSD, 92.6% for TOF, and 94% for DORV, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy of VE was significantly higher than that of 2DE for TOF and DORV except for ASD and VSD. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for VE was closer to the optimal performance point than was the ROC curve for 2DE. The area under the ROC curve was 0.96 for VE and 0.93 for 2DE. Kappa values (range, 0.73-0.79) for VE and 2DE indicated substantial agreement. 3D echocardiographic VE can enhance our understanding of intracardiac structures and facilitate the evaluation of congenital heart disease.
A new fast edge-matching algorithm based on corner constraint and edge constraint (2006)

Corners and edges are all important image features in many vision-based areas. Corners are more reliable than edges and much easier matched because of their sparseness, while edges contain richer scene structure-information more applicable of 3D recognition. A new fast and robust edge-matching algorithm based on matched corners is proposed. In the matching process, corner constraint and edge constraint are introduced. Firstly, the matched corners are used to guide the edge matching. How to use the previously matched corners to guide and constrain edge matching is presented. Furthermore, propagation idea is introduced to get matched edges. Secondly, edge constraint is proposed to limit the search area in several pixels, then epipolar constraint is also used to achieve the matched points, if necessary the correlation score will be utilized. Numerous experiments with various real images clearly show that if the two images differences are not too severe, the benefit of integrating corner matches into the matching procedures is obvious, and the algorithm greatly improves the speed as well as the correct matching ratio to higher than 97%.
Towards livestock disease diagnosis and control in the 21st century : proceedings of an Internatinal Symposium on Diagnosis and Control of Livestock Diseases Using Nuclear and Related Techniques (1998)

Proceedings of a symposium on Diagnosis and Control of Livestock Diseases Using Nuclear and Related Techniques jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO, Vienna, 7-11 April 1997. The purpose of the symposium was to consider the application of science to livestock production as a complex of socioeconomic problems. It dealt not only with the impact of developments in serology and molecular biology, but also with questions of epidemiology, vaccines, information networks, geographical information systems and socioeconomic factors.
Ref(2)P, the <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> homologue of mammalian p62, is required for the formation of protein aggregates in adult brain (2008)

P62 has been proposed to mark ubiquitinated protein bodies for autophagic degradation. We report that the Drosophila melanogaster p62 orthologue, Ref(2)P, is a regulator of protein aggregation in the adult brain. We demonstrate that Ref(2)P localizes to age-induced protein aggregates as well as to aggregates caused by reduced autophagic or proteasomal activity. A similar localization to protein aggregates is also observed in D. melanogaster models of human neurodegenerative diseases. Although atg8a autophagy mutant flies show accumulation of ubiquitin- and Ref(2)P-positive protein aggregates, this is abrogated in atg8a/ref(2)P double mutants. Both the multimerization and ubiquitin binding domains of Ref(2)P are required for aggregate formation in vivo. Our findings reveal a major role for Ref(2)P in the formation of ubiquitin-positive protein aggregates both under physiological conditions and when normal protein turnover is inhibited.
Laser-Excited Rotation–Vibration Raman Scattering in Ultra-Small Gas Samples* (1968)

The focused beam of an argon–ion laser was used as a light source for Raman-scattering experiments in gases. Photoelectric recording of rotation–vibration Raman spectra has been observed from about 1011 gas molecules in the focal region of the laser beam. The focusing geometry used to illuminate the gas samples is discussed and the important parameters of the optical system for collecting the Raman-scattered light from the small volumes are considered. The pulse-counting detection system is described and the new experimental results are presented.
Methylcellulose protects the ability of anchorage-dependent cells to adhere following isolation and holding in suspension. (1995)

Preparation of suspension of anchorage-dependent cells growing in tissue cultures requires removal of the cells from their substrata by means of trypsin and/or EDTA. The purpose of the experiments was to investigate the effect of methylcellulose on the adhesive ability of cells removed from substrata by EDTA and trypsin. Human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), after detachment from substrata, adhere well to fibronectin at 37 degrees C but not at 0 degrees C. During a 60-min incubation at 37 degrees C, these cells lose about 70% of their ability to adhere to fibronectin. The ability of cells to adhere was restored in the presence of 0.2% methylcellulose. Methylcellulose also prevented human skin fibroblasts, human melanoma cells and mouse lung fibroblasts from losing adhesive properties. By contrast, it did not affect the adhesive ability of B16F10 melanoma cells incubated at 37 degrees C. In conclusion, our study suggests that methylcellulose can be a useful reagent for preservation of cell function in suspension; it may also simplify some experimental procedures including radioiodination of cell surface components and cross-linking of radiolabeled ligands to the cell surface.
Single‐phase three‐level space vector pulse width modulation algorithm for grid‐side railway traction converter and its relationship of carrier‐based pulse width modulation (2014)

A significant problem of three‐level neutral point clamped converters is the fluctuation of the neutral point voltage. A space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy with neutral point voltage balancing for single‐phase three‐level converters adopted widely in railway traction drive system is proposed in this study. The relationship between the adopted SVPWM and carrier‐based pulse width modulation (CBPWM) with an offset voltage injection (OVI) is analysed in details. Theoretical analysis shows that the adopted SVPWM is a special type of CBPWM‐OVI methods, and can balance the neutral point voltage effectively. The high‐order harmonics of the line current distribute around twice switching frequencies while the SVPWM algorithm is adopted. These performances of the proposed SVPWM are verified by simulation and experimental tests.
Design and Performance of a Modified Buckle Transducer for the Measurement of Ligament Tension (1986)

The basic features of a modified buckle transducer for the direct in-situ measurement of tension in ligamentous or tendonous tissues are described. The slender shape of the modified design allows measurement in ligaments located in confined spaces with reduced risk of physical interference between the transducer and adjacent bony structures. In addition, simultaneous measurements in different fiber groups of the same ligament are made convenient. The design procedure of the proposed transducer and its performance characteristics are described.
Human action recognition using action bank and RBFNN trained by L-GEM (2014)

Visual surveillance is widely used in monitoring, entertainment and public security in recent years. This arouses the growing demand of automatic analysis system to deal with large amount of data produced by video cameras. Human action recognition is one of the most popular topics in video analysis. However, human activities are extremely complex and the dimensions of features extracted from a video are very large. Hence, the construction of a highly accurate and fast classifier becomes one of the major challenging tasks in human action recognition researches. In this paper, we proposed an action recognition approach using a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) trained by the Localized Generalization Error Model (L-GEM). Representative feature vectors are extracted from videos by the Action Bank and then used as the inputs of the RBFNN. The reduction of uncertainty process is then applied to reduced noise from different classes. In our experiments, the proposed method outperforms SVM for human action recognition.
Metabolism of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene Hydrocarbons in Soil (1998)

Enrichment cultures obtained from soil exposed to benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) mineralized benzene and toluene but cometabolized only xylene isomers, forming polymeric residues. This observation prompted us to investigate the metabolism of 14C-labeled BTX hydrocarbons in soil, either individually or as mixtures. BTX-supplemented soil was incubated aerobically for up to 4 weeks in a sealed system that automatically replenished any O2 consumed. The decrease in solvent vapors and the production of 14CO2 were monitored. At the conclusion of each experiment, 14C distribution in solvent-extractable polymers, biomass, and humic material was determined, obtaining 14C mass balances of 85 to 98%. BTX compounds were extensively mineralized in soil, regardless of whether they were presented singly or in combinations. No evidence was obtained for the formation of solvent-extractable polymers from xylenes in soil, but 14C distribution in biomass (5 to 10%) and humus (12 to 32%) was unusual for all BTX compounds and especially for toluene and the xylenes. The results suggest that catechol intermediates of BTX degradation are preferentially polymerized into the soil humus and that the methyl substituents of the catechols derived from toluene and especially from xylenes enhance this incorporation. In contrast to inhibitory residues formed from xylene cometabolism in culture, the humus-incorporated xylene residues showed no significant toxicity in the Microtox assay.
Photophysical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of [60]Fullerene Derivatives (1998)

A systematic spectroscopic study of a series of C60 derivatives with different cage functionalizations is reported. The absorption spectra and absorptivities of the derivatives in solution were measured and compared. By recording the fluorescence spectra using a near-infrared-sensitive emission spectrometer (extending to 1200 nm), fluorescence quantum yields of the derivatives were determined quantitatively. Fluorescence lifetimes of the derivatives were obtained using the time-correlated single photon counting technique. The results show that both fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes are rather similar for the different classes of C60 derivatives. The nonlinear absorptive properties of the derivatives were evaluated by optical limiting measurements in solution and in polymer film using the second harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:Yag laser at 532 nm. Effects of different fullerene cage functionalizations on the photophysical properties and optical limiting responses of the C60 derivatives are discussed.
Discriminative training of HMM stream exponents for audio-visual speech recognition (2002)

We propose the use of discriminative training by means of the generalized probabilistic descent (GPB) algorithm to estimate hidden Markov model (HMM) stream exponents for audio-visual speech recognition. Synchronized audio and visual features are used to respectively train audio-only and visual-only single-stream HMMs of identical topology by maximum likelihood. A two-stream HMM is then obtained by combining the two single-stream HMMs and introducing exponents that weigh the log-likelihood of each stream. We present the GPD algorithm for stream exponent estimation, consider a possible initialization, and apply it to the single speaker connected letters task of the AT&T bimodal database. We demonstrate the superior performance of the resulting multi-stream HMM to the audio-only, visual-only, and audio-visual single-stream HMMs.
Enhancement of Raman scattering by individual dielectric microspheres (2010)

Abstract Enhanced Raman scattering (ERS) from bulk Si and surface brilliant cresyl blue (Bcb) molecules was investigated by individual polystyrene (PS) microspheres placed on top of the samples. It is revealed that the Raman signal depends both on the microsphere size and the numerical aperture (NA) of the collection lens, and a maximum signal enhancement of ∼11‐ and 40‐fold for Si and Bcb is observed, respectively, showing strong ERS effect. The different ERS behavior was elucidated by electromagnetic simulations using the finite element method. The present work also provides information on individual dielectric sphere for applications in microscopy, spectroscopic imaging and improvement, etc. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrostatic Channeling of Oxaloacetate in a Fusion Protein of Porcine Citrate Synthase and Porcine Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase (1998)

Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase are sequential enzymes in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle. We have shown [Lindbladh, C., Rault, M., Hagglund, C., Small, W. C., Mosbach, K., Bülow, L., Evans, C., and Srere, P.A (1994) Biochemistry 33, 11692-11698] that a fusion protein of yeast mitochondrial citrate synthase and yeast mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase channels oxaloacetate between the active sites. A Brownian dynamics simulation model of porcine mitochondrial enzymes of citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase was used [Elcock, A. H., and McCammon, A. M. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 12652-12658], showing that a positive electrostatic surface potential between the active sites of the fusion protein could account for the channeling of oxaloacetate we observed with the yeast fusion protein. Since the data were established with a yeast fusion protein and the model was with porcine fusion protein, we have now prepared and studied the porcine fusion protein. The channeling of the oxaloacetate intermediate was the same for the porcine fusion protein as it was for the yeast fusion protein. This channeling behavior is eliminated at high ionic strength. A fusion protein of porcine citrate synthase and porcine cytosolic malate dehydrogenase does not exhibit any channeling of oxaloacetate. A model of the fusion protein with the cytosolic malate dehydrogenase shows no clear positive electrostatic potential surface between the two active sites, thus distinguishing it from the fusion protein with the mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase. These results establish the electrostatic nature of channeling in mitochondrial fusion proteins.