gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
β <sub>2</sub> -Glycoprotein 1–Dependent Anticardiolipin Antibodies and Risk of Ischemic Stroke and Myocardial Infarction (2001)

These data suggest that aCL IgG, particularly the beta2GP1-dependent variety, is an important predictor of future stroke and MI in men.
I, Africa (1951)

A poem by William Robert MillerThis article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Increased responsiveness of short oat cultivars to early sowing, nitrogen fertilizer and seed rate (1989)

Oat cultivars of tall (West), intermediate (Mortlock) and dwarf height (Echidna) were compared for their response to sowing time, nitrogen fertilizer and seed rate. Experiments were carried out in the 500-800 mm average annual rainfall zone in Western Australia at nine sites. Cultivars were compared in experiments involving different times (3) of sowing, levels (5) of applied nitrogen and rates (5) of seed and in another experiment including all combinations of two levels of sowing time, nitrogen and seed. The optimum sowing times for the three cultivars were similar, but the yield advantage for Echidna over West was 0.63 t ha-1 for late May sowing but only 0.25 t ha-1 for sowing in late July. Yield responses to applied nitrogen were dependent on soil nitrogen status, seasonal rainfall, sowing date, cultivar and seed-rate. On average, Echidna was more responsive (0.42 t ha-1) to the initial 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen than Mortlock (0.23 t ha-1). The optimum seed rate (where an increase of 1 kg of seed increased yield by 10 kg ha-1) was 77, 67 and 61 kg ha-1 for Echidna, Mortlock and West corresponding to 225, 185 and 160 plants m-2. The largest yielding combination of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates increased yields by from 1.32 to 3.23 t ha-1 (51-220%) compared to the control or low input treatment. Biomass at heading increased linearly to about 6.5 t ha-1 with rainfall up to 200 mm. Rainfall to heading in excess of 200 mm appeared to be inefficiently used for biomass production. Grain yields also increased linearly up to about 4 t ha-1 with increasing biomass at heading and up to 6 t ha-l with the correct choice of cultivar, time of sowing, nitrogen and seed rates.
Malware Detection for Mobile Devices Using Software-Defined Networking (2013)

The rapid adoption of mobile devices comes with the growing prevalence of mobile malware. Mobile malware poses serious threats to personal information and creates challenges in securing network. Traditional network services provide connectivity but do not have any direct mechanism for security protection. The emergence of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) provides a unique opportunity to achieve network security in a more efficient and flexible manner. In this paper, we analyze the behaviors of mobile malware, propose several mobile malware detection algorithms, and design and implement a malware detection system using SDN. Our system detects mobile malware by identifying suspicious network activities through real-time traffic analysis, which only requires connection establishment packets. Specifically, our detection algorithms are implemented as modules inside the OpenFlow controller, and the security rules can be imposed in real time. We have tested our system prototype using both a local testbed and GENI infrastructure. Test results confirm the feasibility of our approach. In addition, the stress testing results show that even unoptimized implementations of our algorithms do not affect the performance of the OpenFlow controller significantly.
Intestinal Permeability, Inflammation and the Role of Nutrients (2020)

The interaction between host and external environment mainly occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, where the mucosal barrier has a critical role in many physiologic functions ranging from digestion, absorption, and metabolism. This barrier allows the passage and absorption of nutrients, but at the same time, it must regulate the contact between luminal antigens and the immune system, confining undesirable products to the lumen. Diet is an important regulator of the mucosal barrier, and the cross-talk among dietary factors, the immune system, and microbiota is crucial for the modulation of intestinal permeability and for the maintenance of gastrointestinal tract (GI) homeostasis. In the present review, we will discuss the role of a number of dietary nutrients that have been proposed as regulators of inflammation and epithelial barrier function. We will also consider the metabolic function of the microbiota, which is capable of elaborating the diverse nutrients and synthesizing products of great interest. Better knowledge of the influence of dietary nutrients on inflammation and barrier function can be important for the future development of new therapeutic approaches for patients with mucosal barrier dysfunction, a critical factor in the pathogenesis of many GI and non-GI diseases.
Association between statin use, the vaginal microbiome, and Gardnerella vaginalis vaginolysin-mediated cytotoxicity (2017)

In this cross-sectional study, statin use was associated with reduced proportions of G. vaginalis and greater proportions of beneficial lactobacilli within the vaginal microbiome. The negative association between statin use and G. vaginalis may be related to inhibition of vaginolysin function.
HLA-DR+ leukocytes acquire CD1 antigens in embryonic and fetal human skin and contain functional antigen-presenting cells (2009)

Adequate numbers and functional maturity are needed for leukocytes to exhibit a protective role in host defense. During intrauterine life, the skin immune system has to acquire these prerequisites to protect the newborn from infection in the hostile external environment after birth. We investigated the quantitative, phenotypic, and functional development of skin leukocytes and analyzed the factors controlling their proliferation and trafficking during skin development. We show that CD45(+) leukocytes are scattered in embryonic human skin and that their numbers continuously increase as the developing skin generates an environment that promotes proliferation of skin resident leukocytes as well as the influx of leukocytes from the circulation. We also found that CD45(+)HLA-DR(high)CD1c(+) dendritic cells (DCs) are already present in the epidermis and dermis at 9 wk estimated gestational age (EGA) and that transforming growth factor beta1 production precedes Langerin and CD1a expression on CD45(+)CD1c(+) Langerhans cell (LC) precursors. Functionally, embryonic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are able to phagocytose antigen, to up-regulate costimulatory molecules upon culture, and to efficiently stimulate T cells in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. Collectively, our data provide insight into skin DC biology and the mechanisms through which skin DCs presumably populate the skin during development.
Mutations affecting development of the midline and general body shape during zebrafish embryogenesis (1996)

Tissues of the dorsal midline of vertebrate embryos, such as notochord and floor plate, have been implicated in inductive interactions that pattern the neural tube and somites. In our screen for embryonic visible mutations in the zebrafish we found 113 mutations in more than 27 genes with altered body shape, often with additional defects in CNS development. We concentrated on a subgroup of mutations in ten genes (the midline-group) that cause defective development of the floor plate. By using floor plate markers, such as the signaling molecule sonic hedgehog, we show that the schmalspur (sur) gene is needed for early floor plate development, similar to one-eyed-pinhead (oep) and the previously described cyclops (cyc) gene. In contrast to oep and cyc, sur embryos show deletions of ventral CNS tissue restricted to the mid- and hindbrain, whereas the forebrain appears largely unaffected. In the underlying mesendodermal tissue of the head, sur is needed only for development of the posterior prechordal plate, whereas oep and cyc are required for both anterior and posterior prechordal plate development. Our analysis of sur mutants suggests that defects within the posterior prechordal plate may cause aberrant development of ventral CNS structures in the mid- and hindbrain. Later development of the floor plate is affected in mutant chameleon, you-too, sonic-you, iguana, detour, schmalhans and monorail embryos; these mutants often show additional defects in tissues that are known to depend on signals from notochord and floor plate. For example, sur, con and yot mutants show reduction of motor neurons; median deletions of brain tissue are seen in sur, con and yot embryos; and cyc, con, yot, igu and dtr mutants often show no or abnormal formation of the optic chiasm. We also find fusions of the ventral neurocranium for all midline mutants tested, which may reveal a hitherto unrecognized function of the midline in influencing differentiation of neural crest cells at their destination. As a working hypothesis, we propose that midline-group genes may act to maintain proper structure and inductive function of zebrafish midline tissues.
Soluble mucins in human aqueous tears (1997)

Conference Abstract| February 01 1997 Soluble mucins in human aqueous tears ROGER B. ELLINGHAM; ROGER B. ELLINGHAM 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bristol, Bristol Eye Hospital, BS1 2LX, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar NEIL MYERSCOUGH; NEIL MYERSCOUGH 2Department of Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar IRINA I. GOUT; IRINA I. GOUT 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bristol, Bristol Eye Hospital, BS1 2LX, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MONICA BERRY; MONICA BERRY 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bristol, Bristol Eye Hospital, BS1 2LX, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANTHONY P. CORFIELD ANTHONY P. CORFIELD 2Department of Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (1): 12S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025012s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation ROGER B. ELLINGHAM, NEIL MYERSCOUGH, IRINA I. GOUT, MONICA BERRY, ANTHONY P. CORFIELD; Soluble mucins in human aqueous tears. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1997; 25 (1): 12S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025012s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Numerical analysis of two-parallel embedded optical waveguides (1987)

Two-parallel embedded optical waveguides are analyzed, using the mode-matching method that matches the boundary conditions in the sense of least squares on the basis of the Rayleigh principle for unbounded objects. The precise numerical results of the cutoff frequencies, the dispersion relations near the cutoff, and the field distributions in the waveguides are presented for the several lowest hybrid modes. The frequency range where only the lowest even and odd HE modes propagate and the differences between their propagation constants are discussed; these are of particular importance for a quantitative understanding of the operation of the waveguides as a directional coupler.
Self-Limiting Adsorption of SiCl<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> and Its Application to the Layer-by-Layer Photochemical Process (1991)

Adsorption of SiCl 2 H 2 on the Ge(100) clean surface is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectrum measurement. It is concluded that the adsorption is self-limiting at temperatures below 350°C, and that the surface is reactivated by synchrotron radiation. The sequential processes of self-limiting adsorption of SiCl 2 H 2 and synchrotron radiation are promising for development of Si atomic layer epitaxy.
Efficient Cre/loxP Site-Specific Recombination in a HepG2 Human Liver Cell Line (2000)

A worldwide shortage of donor livers is a limiting factor of the clinical application of hepatocyte transplantation (HTX). To resolve this issue, we focused on a reversible immortalization system that allows temporary expansion of primary hepatocyte populations by transfer of an oncogene that can be subsequently excised. As a preliminary test toward this goal, we examined the efficacy of Cre/loxP site-specific recombination in a transformed human liver cell line, HepG2. The present study utilized retroviral transfer of a prototypical immortalizing gene, simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40Tag), flanked by a pair of loxP recombination targets and adenovirus-mediated Cre/loxP recombination. Here we report that complete elimination of the retroviral transferred oncogene was achieved by site-specific recombination using a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus vector producing Cre recombinase (Ad-Cre).
Structural investigations on the lignin–carbohydrate complexes of <i>Lolium perenne</i> (1974)

1. Lignin–carbohydrate complexes isolated from leaf blade, leaf sheath and stem tissue of ryegrass by extraction with dimethyl sulphoxide were examined by fractionation procedures. Although the complexes are heterogeneous, heterogeneity is shown only in the ratio of the individual monosaccharide residues and not in the ratio of lignin to carbohydrate. 2. The molecular weight of the complexes is high (≥150000), but chemical modification by alkaline hydrolysis, borohydride reduction or lead tetra-acetate oxidation does not drastically decrease it. Low-molecular-weight fragments released by alkaline treatment were shown to contain acetic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid. 3. On the basis of the chemical stability of the complexes, it is postulated that at least three types of bonding may be present between lignin and carbohydrate, namely one cleaved on borohydride reduction, another cleaved by alkali and a linkage resistant to alkali. 4. The carbohydrate portion of the complexes is composed of β-(1→4)-linked d-glucose residues (cellulose) and β-(1→4)-linked chains of xylose residues. Side chains involving arabinose and galactose residues are linked to C-3 of some of the xylose residues. 5. How the components of the complexes are held together is not certain, but it is suggested that the phenolic acids may act as cross-linking agents.
Inducible-Expression Plasmid for <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i> and <i>Paracoccus denitrificans</i> (2009)

We have developed a stable isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-inducible-expression plasmid, pIND4, which allows graduated levels of protein expression in the alphaproteobacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Paracoccus denitrificans. pIND4 confers kanamycin resistance and combines the stable replicon of pMG160 with the lacI(q) gene from pYanni3 and the lac promoter, P(A1/04/03), from pJBA24.
Episomal expression of sense and antisense insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 complementary DNA alters the mitogenic response of a human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) by mechanisms that are independent of and dependent upon IGF-I. (1994)

HT-29 cells express and secrete insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II and only one of the six IGF-binding proteins, IGFBP-4. In the present study, the physiological role of endogenous IGFBP-4 in regulating the growth response of HT-29 cells to exogenous and endogenous IGFs was examined. Both the basal and the IGF-stimulated growth of HT-29 cells was significantly increased over control values in the presence of IGFBP-4 antibody, suggesting that endogenous IGFBP-4 is a potent inhibitor of the mitogenic effects of endogenous and exogenous IGFs. In order to further confirm the inhibitory role of endogenous IGFBP-4, sense and antisense complementary DNA fragments of human IGFBP-4 were ligated into an episomal mammalian expression vector (pCEP4). Restriction mapping and Southern blot analysis were used to confirm directional cloning of the IGFBP-4 complementary DNA fragments in the sense and antisense directions in the pCEP4 vectors. HT-29 cells were transfected with either the control (no insert, C-P), sense (S-P), or antisense (AS-P) vectors and subjected to hygromycin selection. The functional nature of the transfectants was confirmed by measuring IGFBP-4 concentrations in the conditioned media (CM) of 10(7) cells by ligand and immunoblot analysis. IGFBP-4 concentrations were 7.4 +/- 1.7-fold higher in the CM of S-P cells compared to that in the CM of C-P cells, while IGFBP-4 concentrations in the CM of AS-P cells were significantly lower than those present in the CM of C-P cells. Both the basal and the IGF-I-stimulated growth of the AS-P cells was significantly higher than that of the C-P and S-P cells. The basal (non-stimulated) and the IGF-I-stimulated growth of the S-P cells was not significantly different from that of the C-P cells, suggesting that overexpression of IGFBP-4 was not inhibitory to the growth of the HT-29 cells. The basal growth of the S-P and C-P cells was significantly increased in the presence of IGFBP-4 antibody, once again suggesting that endogenous IGFBP-4 was a potent inhibitor of autocrine effects of endogenous factors (IGF-II). Addition of IGFBP-4 antibody had no significant effect on the basal growth of the AS-P cells, confirming that the difference between the growth response of the AS-P, C-P, and S-P cells was largely contributed by the difference in the endogenous secretion of IGFBP-4 by the cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Post-Pop (2011)

This chapter looks at some contemporary issues from the cultural politics of Pop. Pop is everywhere. Contemporary art is part of Pop culture but Pop is also part of the accelerated culture of non-postmodern contemporary art. For Paul Virilio, ‘critic of the art of technology’ and theorist of speed, the accident and technology in modernity, the notion of duration has been destroyed as contemporary art production is now sucked in by the news market for twenty-four hours (or twenty-four seconds). In this accelerated life of popular culture, it is possible to glimpse what Andy McCluskey of pioneering synth pop band OMD (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark) has seen as the ‘history of modern’.
Therapeutic intervention in leukemias that express the activated fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3): opportunities and challenges (2004)

FLT3 is widely expressed in AML and some cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Activating mutations in FLT3 confer a poor risk in patients with AML. The development of FLT3 small molecule kinase inhibitors follows from research efforts to understand signal transduction and profiles of gene expression in leukemia pathogenesis. Thus, FLT3 is a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Research priorities will include (1) identification of other groups of patients likely to benefit from FLT3 inhibition, (2) the optimal use of FLT3 inhibitors in combination with other agents, and (3) development of molecules that overcome resistance to FLT3 inhibitors that arise as a result of further acquired mutations in the receptor.
Phagocytic processing of the macrophage endoparasite, Mycobacterium avium, in comparison to phagosomes which contain Bacillus subtilis or latex beads. (1995)

The intraphagosomal survival strategy of pathogenic mycobacteria was studied in bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages. These bacteria survive inside phagosomes by interfering in an unknown manner with phagosome processing which normally would lead to digestion of the phagocytic particle in phagolysosomes. Here, phagosome processing was compared for different phagocytic particles: live Mycobacterium avium, degradable Bacillus subtilis, or indigestible latex beads. We show detailed electron microscopic morphological observations which characterize various phases of interaction between endocytic organelles and phagosomes. We measured fusion of phagosomes with early endosomes or with lysosomes by using newly internalized endocytic contents (horseradish peroxidase, HRP) and membrane marker (plasma membrane glycoconjugates labeled with [3H]galactose via exoglycosylation). Morphometric analysis of these observations showed that the nature of the phagocytic particle affects phagosome processing: As long as particles remain undigested, maturation of phagosomes is prevented and they remain fusogenic towards early endosomes; concurrent to particle digestion, phagosome processing proceeds towards transfer of phagocytic contents to phagolysosomes which display kinetic and compositional characteristics of lysosomes. As an intact phagocytic particle, M. avium remains in non-matured phagosomes which fuse with early endosomes, but not with lysosomes. Fusion with early endosomes is reduced, thereby indicating the stage where this endoparasite exerts its effect.
Large-Area Roll-to-Roll and Roll-to-Plate Nanoimprint Lithography: A Step toward High-Throughput Application of Continuous Nanoimprinting (2009)

A continuous roll-to-roll nanoimprint lithography (R2RNIL) technique can provide a solution for high-speed large-area nanoscale patterning with greatly improved throughput; furthermore, it can overcome the challenges faced by conventional NIL in maintaining pressure uniformity and successful demolding in large-area imprinting. In this work, we demonstrate large-area (4 in. wide) continuous imprinting of nanogratings by using a newly developed apparatus capable of roll-to-roll imprinting (R2RNIL) on flexible web and roll-to-plate imprinting (R2PNIL) on rigid substrate. The 300 nm line width grating patterns are continuously transferred on either glass substrate (roll-to-plate mode) or flexible plastic substrate (roll-to-roll mode) with greatly enhanced throughput. In addition, the film thickness after the imprinting process, which is critical in optical applications, as a function of several imprinting parameters such as roller pressure and speed, is thoroughly investigated, and an analytical model has been developed to predict the residual layer thickness in dynamic R2RNIL process.