gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of high-energy noise using an alternative stacking procedure (1989)

Abstract Occasionally, seismic data contain transient noise that can range from being a nuisance to becoming intolerable when several seismic vessels try simultaneously to collect data in an area. The traditional approach to solving this problem has been to allocate time slots to the different acquisition crews; the procedure, although effective, is very expensive. In this paper a statistical method called 'trimmed mean stack' is evaluated as a tool for reducing the detrimental effects of noise from interfering seismic crews. Synthetic data, as well as field data, are used to illustrate the efficacy of the technique. Although a conventional stack gives a marginally better signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) for data without interference noise, typical usage of the trimmed mean stack gives a reduced S/N equivalent to a fold reduction of about 1 or 2 percent. On the other hand, for a data set containing high-energy transient noise, trimming produces stacked sections without visible high-amplitude contaminating energy. Equivalent sections produced with conventional processing techniques would be totally unacceptable. The application of a trimming procedure could mean a significant reduction in the costs of data acquisition by allowing several seismic crews to work simultaneously.
Verification of the linac isocenter for stereotactic radiosurgery using cine‐EPID imaging and arc delivery (2011)

The comprehensive method introduced in this study uses cine-images, is highly accurate, fast, and independent of the observer. It tests all gantry angles and is suitable for pretreatment QA of the isocenter for stereotactic treatments.
Toxicity of natural tear substitutes in a fully defined culture model of human corneal epithelial cells. (2001)

This is the first toxicity study using human primary corneal epithelial cells cultured under fully defined conditions as an in vitro model. Cellular ATP is a sensitive parameter for quantifying toxicity. Isotonic saliva and serum offer greater therapeutic potential for severely aqueous-deficient dry eyes than do pharmaceutical tear substitutes.
Analysis of Relatedness in the California Condors, from DNA Fingerprints (1993)

between extant individuals are an important criterion in the development of a genetic management plan for an endangered species. Where survival is ensured by captive breeding, the genealogy of current individuals is often available, but relationships among founders from the wild may be almost completely unknown. Genetic data can provide information on these unknown relationships, but the inference of genealogical structure from genetic data is not straightforward, especially where the available data are multilocus DNA fingerprints. Here we use a new model to analyze the DNA fingerprint data available for the California condor population and to make inferences as to the structure of relationships among the founder individuals. We show that inferences can be made on the basis of these fingerprint data. The inferences made have implications for the genetic management of the species.
Boundary finding with correspondence using statistical shape models (2002)

We propose an approach for boundary finding where the correspondence of a subset of boundary points to a model is simultaneously determined. Global shape parameters derived from the statistical variation of object boundary points in a training set are used to model the object. A Bayesian formulation, based on this prior knowledge and the edge information of the input image, is employed to find the object boundary with its subset points in correspondence with boundaries in the training set or the mean boundary. We compared the use of a generic smoothness prior and a uniform independent prior with the training set prior in order to demonstrate the power of this statistical information. A number of experiments were performed on both synthetic and real medical images of the brain and heart to evaluate the approach, including the validation of the dependence of the method on image quality, different initialization and prior information.
Electrophoresis in fused-silica capillaries: the influence of organic solvents on the electroosmotic velocity and the .zeta. potential (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrophoresis in fused-silica capillaries: the influence of organic solvents on the electroosmotic velocity and the .zeta. potentialChristine. Schwer and Ernst. KenndlerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 17, 1801–1807Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00017a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00017a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2864Altmetric-Citations444LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and Initial Operation of a High-Solids, Pilot-Scale Reactor for Dilute-Acid Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass (1996)

A recently installed 100-L horizontal shaft custom-fabricated mixer/reactor, made of Carpenter 20 Cb-3 stainless steel and designed for high-solids, dilute-acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, is described. Several preliminary runs with a hardwood and a herbaceous feedstock are reported; the results show the operation to be reliable with good reproducibility. No significant differences between comparable pretreatments in the high-solids reactor and a 1-L laboratory-scale reactor are apparent. Pretreatment efficiency is not affected by 10-15% (w/w) solids loading or biomass particle size of up to -10 mm. Mass balances are closed reasonably well, with improvement in reactor contents handling and biomass analytical methods desirable.
Genetic alteration of catecholamine specificity in transgenic mice. (1992)

Epinephrine-producing cells are characterized by the presence of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), which catalyzes the formation of epinephrine from norepinephrine. We generated a line of transgenic mice carrying a chimeric gene containing human PNMT cDNA fused to the 4-kilobase fragment of the human dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene promoter, to switch catecholamine phenotype in the nervous and endocrine systems. Human PNMT transcripts and immunoreactivity were mainly detected in norepinephrine neurons in brain and sympathetic ganglion as well as in norepinephrine-producing cells in adrenal medulla of transgenic mice, indicating that the human DBH gene promoter of 4 kilobases is sufficient to direct expression of the gene in norepinephrine-producing cells. Analysis of catecholamines in the various tissues showed that the expression of human PNMT in transgenic mice induced the appearance of epinephrine in sympathetic ganglion and dramatic changes in norepinephrine and epinephrine levels in brain, adrenal gland, and blood. These results indicate that the additional PNMT expression in norepinephrine-producing cells can convert these cells to the epinephrine phenotype, and suggest that norepinephrine-producing cells normally possess the basic machinery required for the synthesis of epinephrine except for PNMT. Thus it appears that the only major difference between norepinephrine- and epinephrine-producing cells is the expression of PNMT. Our transgenic animals provide an experimental model to investigate the functional differences between norepinephrine and epinephrine.
A pulsed-power supply for producing high-intensity magnetic and electric fields in medical applications (2001)

This paper details the development of a prototype high-power supply system for producing high-intensity magnetic and electric field impulses to be used in medical applications. After outlining the technical requirements and the main design features of the power source, the paper focuses on the numerical modelling of the double-coil design that is used. Theoretical predictions of the time history of the currents in the circuit, and of the spatial and temporal variations of the electric and magnetic field distributions, are compared with experimental results obtained during full-power testing of the system. Different techniques are proposed by which the field intensities can be increased, and corresponding numerical simulations are presented. Initial physiological experiments have been performed with the prototype system. These have demonstrated the ability to stimulate structures such as the renal pacemaker, resulting in a ureteric peristallic wave. The practical implications of this are discussed.
Feature Selection and Prediction of Sub-health State Using SVM-RFE (2010)

Sub-health state is a low-quality status between health and disease. The aim of this study was to determine which factors and/or combination of factors could be predictive of sub-health state. In this paper, we carried out a clinical epidemiology survey and obtained two datasets both of which include 50 symptoms in report. The Dataset 1 consists of 572 samples, of which 523 cases were in sub-health state and 49 cases were in healthy. The Dataset 2 consists of 185 samples, of which 131 cases were in sub-health state and 54 cases were in healthy. The Dataset 1 was used to select variables and estimate the performance of the classifier built by SVM, while the Dataset 2 was used to validate the performance of the classifier based on the Dataset 1. Based on association declined by mutual information, we propose a feature selection method based on support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) to predict the sub-health state from the analysis of the clinical data. We have considered optimal performance at the threshold where sensitivity and specificity were respectively 0.82 and 0.72. The performance of this method achieved an average prediction accuracy of 80.35%. The top 8 features (symptoms) selected by SVM-RFE were as follows: Fatigue, Degree of insomnia, Pessimism, Constipation, Dysphoria, Giddiness, Anorexia and Vexation. Therefore, we propose a new method for feature selection in classification problems that uses SVM-RFE. The goal is to remove too many features during each iteration, but not to eliminate the important one.
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs inhibit matrix metalloproteinase‐2 expression via repression of transcription in lung cancer cells (2001)

Recent studies show that up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in human cancer cells induces activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and increase of metastatic potential. In this study, we investigate the effect of a COX-2 selective inhibitor, NS398, on the expression and enzymatic activity of MMPs in human lung cancer cells. We found that NS398 inhibited MMP-2, not MMP-9, mRNA expression. NS398 also reduced the amount of MMP-2, not MMP-9, released into the medium. Additionally, this COX-2 inhibitor attenuated the degrading activity of MMP-2 as demonstrated by gelatin zymography. Investigation of cellular MMP-2 by Western blotting indicated that synthesis and processing of MMP-2 was significantly suppressed by NS398. We performed promoter activity assay to address whether NS398 might affect MMP-2 gene transcription. Our results indicated that NS398 directly inhibited MMP-2 promoter activity. However, the inhibitory effect of NS398 is not fully dependent on inhibition of COX-2 because a high concentration of NS398 was needed to suppress MMP-2 expression and addition of prostaglandin E2 only partially reversed the action of NS398. Moreover, a non-selective COX inhibitor indomethacin also suppressed the expression of MMP-2. Taken together, these results indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suppress MMP-2 expression via repression of transcription and support the notion that COX inhibitors may be useful in inhibition and/or prevention of metastasis.
1 µm gate length, In <sub>0.75</sub> Ga <sub>0.25</sub> As channel, thin body n-MOSFET on InP substrate with transconductance of 737 µS/μm (2008)

The first demonstration of implant-free, flatband-mode In0.75Ga0.25As channel n-MOSFETs is reported. These 1 µm gate length MOSFETs, fabricated on a structure with average mobility of 7720 cm2/Vs and sheet carrier concentration of 3.3×1012 cm−2, utilise a Pt gate, a high-κ dielectric (κ≃20), and a δ-doped InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructure. The devices have a typical maximum drive current (Id,sat) of 933 µA/µm, extrinsic transconductance (gm) of 737 µS/µm, gate leakage (Ig) of 40 pA, and on-resistance (Ron) of 555 Ω · µm. The gm and Ron figures of merit are the best reported to date for any III-V MOSFET.
Probabilistic Fusion of Pixel-Level and Superpixel-Level Hyperspectral Image Classification (2016)

A novel hyperspectral image (HSI) classification method by the probabilistic fusion of pixel-level and superpixel-level classifiers is proposed. Generally, pixel-level classifiers based on spectral information only may generate “salt and pepper” result in the classification map since spatial correlation is not considered. By incorporating spatial information in homogeneous regions, the superpixel-level classifiers can effectively eliminate the noisy appearance. However, the classification accuracy will be deteriorated if undersegmentation cannot be fully avoided in superpixel-based approaches. Therefore, it is proposed to adaptively combine both the pixel-level and superpixel-level classifiers, to improve the classification performance in both homogenous and structural areas. In the proposed method, a support vector machine classifier is first applied to estimate the pixel-level class probabilities. Then, superpixel-level class probabilities are estimated based on a joint sparse representation. Finally, the two levels of class probabilities are adaptively combined in a maximum a posteriori estimation model, and the classification map is obtained by solving the maximum optimization problem. Experimental results on real HSI images demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over several well-known classification approaches in terms of classification accuracy.
Nitrogen-doped nickel monosilicide technique for deep submicron CMOS salicide (2002)

A nitrogen-doped NiSi technique has been developed for deep submicron CMOS. It was found that the nitrogen suppresses oxidation of the silicide film, resulting in significantly reduced roughness at the interface between silicide and the Si substrate. It was confirmed that, as a consequence, the leakage current through the silicided ultra-shallow diffused layer was significantly suppressed. The nitrogen-doped NiSi film has the advantage of containing large single crystal grains, and this reduces the resistivity of the film. The nitrogen-doped NiSi technique was used to fabricate 0.15 /spl mu/m CMOS devices, and these devices, both n- and p-MOSFETs, exhibited very high Id and gm values without leakage current.
TAKING CARE OF INSULATED POINTS (2005)

The safe and reliable operation of a railroad requires that insulated joints in railroad track must maintain a sound mechanical connection as well as sufficient electrical insulation. The joints also play a significant role in railroad signal problems such as induced electromagnetic interference from alternating-current power lines, also known as AC interference. This article examines AC interference, failure in insulated joints, Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) requirements, and different methods for inspecting the joints.
Jupiter and the Outer Planets (1968)

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Tailored draw tower fiber Bragg gratings for various sensing applications (2011)

The idea of fabricating fiber Bragg gratings during the drawing process of an optical fiber dates back almost 20 years. The application of a transverse holographic writing method on a fiber draw tower offers a promising solution for a highly effective Bragg grating production. Because of the high technology requirements it took more than 10 years to develop the method into a reliable process. The improvements in the technical development during the last five years enable today a cost efficient industrial production of draw tower grating (DTG®) arrays. In this paper we report about new possibilities of the improved process with respect to the grating type (type I gratings, type II gratings), the coating type (<sup>2</sup>ORMOCER®, metals) and the fiber diameter (125μm, 80μm and below). Furthermore, we present an example for the application of draw tower fiber Bragg gratings in sensing technologies for medical applications.
TRIM5α Cytoplasmic Bodies Are Highly Dynamic Structures (2007)

Tripartite motif (TRIM)5 alpha has recently been identified as a host restriction factor that has the ability to block infection by certain retroviruses in a species-dependent manner. One interesting feature of this protein is that it is localized in distinct cytoplasmic clusters designated as cytoplasmic bodies. The potential role of these cytoplasmic bodies in TRIM5 alpha function remains to be defined. By using fluorescent fusion proteins and live cell microscopy, we studied the localization and dynamics of TRIM5 alpha cytoplasmic bodies. This analysis reveals that cytoplasmic bodies are highly mobile, exhibiting both short saltatory movements and unidirectional long-distance movements along the microtubule network. The morphology of the cytoplasmic bodies is also dynamic. Finally, photobleaching and photoactivation analysis reveals that the TRIM5 alpha protein present in the cytoplasmic bodies is very dynamic, rapidly exchanging between cytoplasmic bodies and a more diffuse cytoplasmic population. Therefore, TRIM5 alpha cytoplasmic bodies are dynamic structures more consistent with a role in function or regulation rather than protein aggregates or inclusion bodies that represent dead-end static structures.
Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Bunch and Berry Size, Quality and Berry Thinning in Perlette Grapes (1971)

An experiment was conducted at Ludhiana on four year old vines of Perlette variety trained on Kniffen system to investigate the effect of four concentrations of GA (50, 75,100 and 125 ppm) on bunch and berry size, quality and thinning of berries. The GA was sprayed once or twice at three stages of bloom (full bloom; full bloom and the day following and full bloom and one week after). The bunches were treated as such or after clipping one fourth apical end. The results showed that single full bloom spray of GA at 100 and 75 ppm produced the maximum bunch length in the case of whole or clipped bunches respectively. The latter treatment also significantly increased the average weight of normal berries over control. The GA at 50 ppm applied at all the three stages of berry development gave significantly higher total soluble solids in the case of clipped bunches. All the concentrations of GA caused thinning of berries in both clipped or whole bunches.
[Glomic tumour and its diagnostic interest. A clinical case]. (2007)

Paragangliomas are tumours derived from cells in the neural crest that are normally benign, and have low incidence and slow growth rates. We report the clinical case of a 61 year-old female studied at the ENT's surgery suffering from a left side tinnitus with four years of evolution. Complementary explorations were carried out such as an audiogram, computerised axial tomography scans and angioresonance. In spite of the high diagnosis suspection, it is late confirmed, because it was not visible in the radiographic studies. We revised the literature referring this pathology.
Osmotic adjustment and plant adaptation to environmental changes related to drought and salinity (2010)

The salinization and water deficit of soil are widespread environmental problems in limiting plant survival, growth, and productivity. However, some plants could adopt some strategies to resist salinity and drought stresses. Among these strategies, the mechanism of osmotic adjustment could help plants and algae to avoid ion toxicity and maintain water uptake in both stresses by accumulating large quantities of osmolytes. Two types of osmolytes, organic solutes and inorganic ions, play a key role in osmotic adjustment. Different osmolytes and their osmotic adjustment actions are different according to their distribution in different plants. Organic solutes, known as compatible solutes, include amino acids, glycerol, sugars, and other low molecular weight metabolites, serve a function in cells to lower or balance the osmotic potential of intracellular and extracellular ions in resistance to osmotic stresses. Inorganic ions for osmotic adjustment are mainly Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Cl – . Inorganic ions make great contribution in osmotic adjustment by ion transport processes with related ion antiporters and ion channels. The aim of this review is to integrate recent data on the mechanisms of osmotic adjustment by osmolytes in plants and algae, and to illustrate the variety of related molecular mechanisms, to introduce new concepts and techniques into this research field. Genetic manipulation including the application of transgenic techniques in plants provides promising strategies to elevate the tolerance capability of plants under osmotic stress conditions.
Biochemical, genetic, and epidemiologic characterization of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius (Haemophilus aegyptius) strains associated with Brazilian purpuric fever (1988)

Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF) is a recently recognized fulminant pediatric disease characterized by fever, with rapid progression to purpura, hypotensive shock, and death. BPF is usually preceded by purulent conjunctivitis that has resolved before the onset of fever. Both the conjunctivitis and BPF are caused by Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius (formerly called H. aegyptius). Isolates from 15 BPF cases, mainly from blood or hemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid, case-associated isolates from 42 persons in towns where BPF cases occurred, and control strains from 32 persons in towns without BPF cases were characterized biochemically, genetically, and epidemiologically. Results indicated that a single clone was responsible for all BPF cases identified in six Brazilian towns from 1984 through 1986. All of 15 (100%) case strains were the same clone as was 1 of 32 (3%) control strains (P = less than 10(-8). Isolates of the clone were preferentially intrarelated by DNA hybridization (99% relatedness, hydroxyapatite method at 60 and 75 degrees C) and were separable from other H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius strains (approximately 90% relatedness at 60 degrees C and 82% relatedness at 75 degrees C). All isolates of the BPF clone and no other strains contained a 24-megadalton plasmid of restriction endonuclease type 3031, were of a single multilocus enzyme mobility type, were of a single sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis type, and were in one of two ribosomal DNA restriction patterns. All BPF clone isolates reacted with monoclonal antibodies produced from a case strain; only 3 of 62 (5%) other strains reacted with this monoclonal antibody. Ninety percent of BPF clone strains and 27% of other strains were relatively resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.