gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of Clay−TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites on the Photocatalytic Elimination of a Model Hydrophobic Air Pollutant (2009)

Clay-supported TiO2 photocatalysts can potentially improve the performance of air treatment technologies via enhanced adsorption and reactivity of target volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, a benchtop photocatalytic flow reactor was used to evaluate the efficiency of hectorite-TiO2 and kaolinite-TiO2, two novel composite materials synthesized in our laboratory. Toluene, a model hydrophobic VOC and a common indoor air pollutant, was introduced in the air stream at realistic concentrations, and reacted under UVA (lamda(max) = 365 nm) or UVC (lamda(max) = 254 nm) irradiation. The UVC lamp generated secondary emission at 185 nm, leading to the formation of ozone and other short-lived reactive species. Performance of clay-Ti02 composites was compared with that of pure TiO2 (Degussa P25), and with UV irradiation in the absence of photocatalyst under identical conditions. Films of clay-TiO2 composites and of P25 were prepared by a dip-coating method on the surface of Raschig rings, which were placed inside the flow reactor. An upstream toluene concentration of approximately 170 ppbv was generated by diluting a constant flow of toluene vapor from a diffusion source with dry air, or with humid air at 10, 33, and 66% relative humidity (RH). Toluene concentrations were determined by collecting Tenax-TA sorbent tubes downstream of the reactor, with subsequent thermal desorption--GC/MS analysis. The fraction of toluene removed, %R, and the reaction rate, Tr, were calculated for each experimental condition from the concentrations measured with and without UV irradiation. Use of UVC light (UV/TiO2/O3) led to overall higher reactivity, which can be partially attributed to the contribution of gas phase reactions by short-lived radical species. When the reaction rate was normalized to the light irradiance, Tr/Ilamda,the UV/TiO2 reaction under UVA irradiation was more efficient for samples with a higher content of TiO2 (P25 and Hecto-TiO2), but notfor Kao-TiO2. In all cases, reaction rates peaked at 10% RH, with Tr values between 10 and 50% higherthan those measured under dry air. However, a net inhibition was observed as RH increased to 33% and 66%, indicating that water molecules competed effectively with toluene for reactive surface sites and limited the overall photocatalytic conversion. Compared to P25, inhibition by coadsorbed water was less significant for Kao-TiO2 samples, but was more dramatic for Hecto-TiO2 due to the high water uptake capacity of hectorite.
QoS simulation of AAL2 in CDMA/ATM based mobile systems (2002)

We establish a simulation model of the third-generation mobile system based on CDMA/ATM. Furthermore, we make an attempt to evaluate performances of this model and the quality of service of variable rate voice.
Analysis of the Corner Error in WEDM (2010)

This paper introduced some current researches on the corner error in WEDM and put forward the factors that have an influence on the corner error. The deflection of the wire-electrode that has been caused by discharge force, feeding directions of the wire-electrode and radial flops of the guide pulley was analyzed in detail. To minimize corner errors, the energy control strategy and the trace control strategy are presented. Especially in WEDM-HS processing, the methods improving the processing precision are given as follows: Using the over-cutting and retract program, controlling the wire-electrode tension and improving the guiding and allocation parts.
The Effect of Ambient Gas Density on the Development of Impinging Diesel Spray (1999)

Experimental investigation of unsteady impinging diesel spray on the flat plate have been carried out using high speed camera and Malvern system. The density ratios of ambient gas to diesel fuel were varied using and Ar gas in the case of 14.9, 21.2, 28.4, 35.1, 40.4, and 50.1. With the increase of gas density ratio, the radial penetration is decreased due to the resistance of the ambient gas. With the increase of the gas density ratio and the distance between nozzle tip and flat plate, the height of spray is increased due to the entrance and circulation. With the increase of gas density ratio, SMD is decreased on the nearby position at the center of flat plate, but SMD is increased on the far position. As the distance between nozzle tip and flat plate is increased, SMD is always decreased.
Lineages within Campylobacter jejuni defined by numerical analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoretic DNA profiles (1997)

Forty-seven Penner heat-stable (HS) serotype reference strains for Campylobacter jejuni and 47 serologically non-typable strains were examined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) DNA restriction analysis. The SmaI and KpnI digest profiles were compared by numerical analysis. Most strains grouped differently in the two analyses but strain lineages were inferred where the two agreed. Genetic relationships between reference strains in the cross-reacting HS4 complex were examined. Three clonal lines were evident and comprised: (i) HS4, HS13 and HS16; (ii) HS50 and HS65; (iii) HS43. The majority of those C. jejuni expressing HS antigens not recognised by currently available antisera had > 50% PFGE DNA digest similarity to one or more Penner scheme reference strain(s) and so did not necessarily represent distinct genetic lineages. PFGE analysis provided a high level of discrimination amongst strains of C. jejuni but overall similarity estimates for defining types must be based on the analysis of more than one restriction pattern.
Ethylene and the Regulation of Growth in Pine (1973)

When branches of white pine are stressed by tying into loops, marked increases in the ethylene content of the internal atmosphere are noted. When an ethylene-generating paste is applied to localized regions, growth in diameter is increased there. It is suggested that ethylene may serve as a natural stimulator of radial growth associated with physical stress such as results from wind action.
Use potential of ash from circulating pressurized fluidized bed combustors using low-sulfur subbituminous coal (1995)

The commercial introduction of pressurized fluidized bed combustion (PFBC) has spurred evaluation of ash management options for this technology. The unique operating characteristics of PFBC compared to atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (AFBC) units indicates that PFBC ash will exhibit unique chemical and physical characteristics, and hence, unique ash use opportunities. Western Research Institute (WRI) has initiated a study of the use properties of PFBC ashes involving both an assessment of the potential markets, as well as a technical feasibility study of specific use options. The market assessment is designed to address six applications including: (1) structural fill, (2) road base construction, (3) supplementary cementing materials in portland cement, (4) bricks and blocks, (5) synthetic aggregate, and (6) agricultural/soil amendment applications. Ashes from the Ahlstrom circulating PFBC pilot facility in Karhula, Finland, combusting western US low-sulfur subbituminous coal with limestone sorbent, were made available for the technical feasibility study. The technical feasibility study examined the use of PFBC ash in construction related applications, including its use as a supplemental cementing material in concrete, fills and embankments, soil stabilization, and synthetic aggregate production. In addition, testing was conducted to determine the technical feasibility of PFBC ash as a soil amendment for agriculturemore » and reclamation applications.« less
Synthesis of the potent analgesic compound (±)-epibatidine using an orchestrated multi-step sequence of polymer supported reagents (1999)

A ten-step synthesis of (±)-epibatidine 1 is described, using an organised array of polymer supported reagents and sequestering agents in a successive manner. No chromatographic purification steps are required to afford the product in >90% purity.
A Novel Web-based Approach for Balancing Usability and Security Requirements of Text Passwords (2010)

Many Internet applications, for example e-commerce or email services require that users create a username and password which serves as an authentication mechanism. Though text passwords have been around for a while, not much has been done in helping naive Internet users in creating strong passwords. Generally users prefer easy-to-remember passwords, but service provides prefer that users use a strong, difficult-to-guess password policy to protect their own resources. In this work we have explored how appropriate feedback on password strength can be useful in choosing a strong password. We first discuss the results of a security vs. usability study that we did, which shows the current trends in choosing passwords, and how a password cracking tools can easily guess a majority of weak passwords. Next, we propose a novel framework, which addresses our problem of enforcing password policies. Given a password policy, our framework is able to monitor password strength, and suggest passwords that are stronger. Moreover, since our passwords are pareto-efficient, and involve user participation in making a selection, we believe that our framework makes appropriate tradeoffs between password strength and difficulty in remembering. We also propose novel ways to compute the password reminder interval so that user-satisfaction remains within bounds. Experimental study shows that our approach is much better that current password creation models, and serves as a practical tool that can be integrated with Internet applications.
<i>Bombyx mori</i> Silk Fibroin Membranes as Potential Substrata for Epithelial Constructs Used in the Management of Ocular Surface Disorders (2008)

Membranes were prepared from fibroin, a protein isolated from the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori) silk, and evaluated as a potential substratum for corneal limbal epithelial cells. These membranes (i.e., B. mori silk fibroin [BMSF] membranes) were cast from dialyzed solutions of fibroin protein (4% w/v) dispensed into 35-mm-diameter culture dishes and dried at room temperature (23-24 degrees C). The resulting material was transparent, easy to handle, and supported levels of human limbal epithelial (HLE) cell growth comparable to that observed on tissue culture plastic. Remarkably, these results were obtained utilizing a commercial serum-free medium (CnT-20) designed for the ex vivo expansion of corneal epithelial progenitor cells. The potential benefits of serum proteins on this culture system were examined through addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) either to fibroin stocks prior to membrane casting or by supplementation of the CnT-20 medium. Membranes cast in the presence of FBS displayed increasing opacity and induced little change in HLE growth. Supplementation of CnT-20 medium with FBS deterred cell growth on all substrata, including tissue culture plastic control substrata. The remarkable properties of BMSF membranes demonstrated under serum-free conditions warrant investigation of this material as a substratum in the creation of tissue-engineered constructs for the restoration of diseased or damaged ocular surface.
Performance of fixed film media integrated in activated sludge reactors to enhance nitrogen removal (1994)

Nitrification and denitrification were evaluated in multiple CSTR continuous flow fixed film systems at 12°C. Three systems were operated with three types of media installations and a fourth as a control without media. The media configurations evaluated included: (i) frame mounted fine pore sponge media supported on wires; (ii) free floating fine pore sponge media; and (iii) fixed location frame mounted rope media (ringlace). The pore size for sponge media was 14 pores per centimeter. Each system included a two-cell anaerobic zone with 17 percent of total volume, two-cell anoxic zone with 17 percent of total volume, and a three-cell aerobic zone with 64 percent of total volume. The multi-cell configuration was used to maximize kinetics of removal with suspended growth biomass and evaluate improvements in nitrogen removal beyond the levels achieved with suspended growth. At the optimum location (aerobic cells 1 and 2), the nitrification in cells containing free-floating sponges was 143 percent of the control at aerobic MCRTs of 3.1 and 3.4 days, with 35 percent media volume to cell volume. The nitrification with rope media was 136 percent of the control in middle third of the aerobic zone. Removals with ringlace were poorer in the first aerobic cell operating at higher COD levels, and in the third aerobic cell which did not contain sufficient biofilm growth at low levels of COD. Nitrification was 14 percent higher in Systems 1 and 2 with fixed and free floating sponges, respectively, and 8 percent higher in System 3 (ringlace) when all systems were spiked with 20 mg/L additional ammonium over a 24 hour period. Optimizing location of the media, with higher density of media at locations where adequate COD and ammonium-N are available for biofilm growth increase nitrification on media. Studies in full scale systems show that COD and ammonium-N concentrations at downstream locations in the activated sludge basin increase during peak flows and with step feed of wastewater. This helps increase biofilm growth and improve nitrification on the media downstream locations. Denitrification observed in the aerobic cells of the fixed film systems was in excess of the control. All aerobic cells were operated at D.O. levels in excess of 6.0 mg/L. The fraction of total denitrification under aerobic conditions was 0.0 in the control as compared to 0.14 to 0.24 with ringlace media and fixed sponge media, respectively, at an aerobic MCRT 3.1 days. Fraction aerobic denitrification in all systems increased with an increase in MCRT of suspended growth - to 0.21 in the control and 0.35 and 0.39 with ringlace and sponges, respectively, at aerobic MCRTs of 3.4 to 7.7 days.
Combinatorial design of congestion-free networks (1997)

This paper presents a new design methodology and tools to construct a packet switched network with bursty data sources. This network design combines two important properties for arbitrary traffic pattern: (1) the aggregate throughput is scalable and (2) there is no packet loss within the subnet. More specifically, given a bounded number of ports in every switching node, the design is based on the construction of multiple virtual rings under the following constraints: (1) the virtual rings are pairwise edge-disjoint and (2) there is at least one virtual ring between any pair of nodes. The target topology is obtained from the edge union of the multiple virtual rings. The two constraints ensure no loss due to congestion inside a network with arbitrary traffic pattern and that packets will reach (or converge) their destinations. The virtual rings are constructed by using combinatorial block designs together with an algorithm for realizing any size networks. It is shown that the bound on the maximum route length, under the two constraints, is O(/spl radic/N) for an N-node network, This sublinear bound facilitates the throughput scalability property.
Cognitive Function and Mood During Acute Cold Stress After Extended Military Training and Recovery (2009)

Chronic multifactorial stress impaired cognitive function and mood; the addition of moderate, acute cold stress further degraded vigilance and mood. When such circumstances occur, such as during disasters or military operations, measures to prevent adverse cognitive and physiological outcomes are recommended.
Laminal fenestration for the treatment of lumbar nerve root foraminal stenosis (2002)

A new technique is reported for the treatment of isolated lumbar nerve root foraminal stenosis. Nerve root decompression is performed via a 5-mm drill hole in the lamina immediately below the superior facet. This technique preserves spinal stability even if done at multiple levels. It also provides early mobility of the patient and subsequently shortens the hospital stay. The technical details are described.
Steroid hormone mediated regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone gene expression (2006)

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a 41 amino acid polypeptide, is expressed in many regions of central nervous system and peripheral tissues and mediates many physiological functions. Abnormal production of CRH is involved in some pathological processes. Among various endogenous factors that modulate CRH production, steroid hormones control CRH production by regulating its gene transcription. Although there is no classical steroid hormone response element in the CRH promoter, steroid hormones regulate CRH gene expression through protein-protein interaction or by binding directly to response elements.
The world of digital video (1992)

Digital video standards define byte-stream signal formats for transferring video over cables. The composite and component standards, two digital video standards that relate most closely to the NTSC broadcast standard used in North America and Japan, are discussed. The analog NTSC signal and the framework of digital video standards are reviewed. The horizontal timing, quantization, and TRS-ID used by the composite digital standard, and the vertical renaming, scan line timing, and pixel value quantizing used by the component digital standard are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Supports for students with disability through technology-challenge at California State University, Northridge (2002)

I have briefly reviewed my experiences at the Computer Access Laboratory (CAL) of California State University, Northridge (CSUN). They support students with disabilities, and reduce the handicap coming from their physical disabilities by using assistive technology. This may tell us the relevance of such technology. After returning to Japan, I got my PhD in nuclear physics from the University of Tokyo in 1993. Now I am working on theoretical nuclear physics, but am also engaged in the TRON project. I belong to a working group, the Enableware Research Group. This group works on HMI (the human-machine interface), which enables anyone, including persons with disabilities to use computers. Through this activity, I have confirmed that facilities like CAL are really needed in Japan. Unfortunately, in Japanese universities we have no such facilities as CAL at the moment. We indeed need such facilities in Japan at any school, especially at universities, because they should provide equal opportunities to every student, even if they have physical disabilities. I hope that those associated with education or research actively struggle with the problems, including the acceptance of students with disabilities.
Atrophic body gastritis in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease: an underdiagnosed association. (1999)

In the patients with AITD studied, about one third had ABG, which was diagnosed also in young patients; the measurement of gastrin levels represented the most reliable tool in the diagnosis of ABG; and the presence of anemia, even microcytic, was suggestive of undiagnosed ABG.
Pentaho Kettle Solutions: Building Open Source ETL Solutions with Pentaho Data Integration (2010)

A complete guide to Pentaho Kettle, the Pentaho Data lntegration toolset for ETL. This practical book is a complete guide to installing, configuring, and managing Pentaho Kettle. If you're a database administrator or developer, you'll first get up to speed on Kettle basics and how to apply Kettle to create ETL solutions—before progressing to specialized concepts such as clustering, extensibility, and data vault models. Learn how to design and build every phase of an ETL solution.: Shows developers and database administrators how to use the open-source Pentaho Kettle for enterprise-level ETL pr
Structures of ADP-Ribosylated Rifampicin and Its Metabolite: Intermediates of Rifampicin-ribosylation by Mycobacterium smegmatis DSM43756. (2000)

23-(O-ADP-Ribosyl)rifampicin [RIP-TAs (3, Na+ form), RIP-TAf (4, H+ form)] was obtained as an intermediate in the conversion process of rifampicin (1) to RIP-Mb (2) that is mediated by cell homogenates of Mycobacterium smegmatis DSM43756 or of Escherichia coli carrying a mycobacterial mono(ADP-ribosyl) transferase gene, in the presence of NADH. 23-[O-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)]rifampicin (5, RIP-TAp) was also obtained by the reaction of rifampicin with NADH in the presence of a homogenate of M. smegmatis. The structures of 3, 4, and 5 were determined by means of MS and NMR analyses.
Influence of Impurity Elements on Electrochemical Activity of Aluminum Activated by Indium (1993)

The electrochemical behavior of 99.999% aluminum (Al), 99.95% Al, and 99% Al in weak, acidic chloride solutions containing indium (In) salt was investigated. Activation of Al electrodes in the solution depended primarily on purity of the electrode. In all tests, time intervals between the addition of the In salt solution to the working electrolyte and the onset of activity (induction periods) were shorter for the 99.999% Al electrodes. It was found that activation with this electrode could be maintained indefinitely once initiated. Transient activation was observed only with the 99% Al electrode. However, activation was more effective after various surface pretreatments that effectively removed the surface iron (Fe)-containing phases. Large amounts of In were detected on the surface of immersed 99% Al. This was attributed to the deposition of In from indate solutions formed because of the build-up of alkaline regions adjacent to the Fe precipitates. The deposited In was rendered inactive.
ERLANG - an experimental telephony programming language (2005)

We present an experimental programming language called ErIang which is suitable for programming telephony applications. We discuss some of the requirements for such a language and introduce the language by a series multiple examples which show how both sequential and concurrent activities can be programmed. We discuss the error recovery mechanism used in ErIang together with the performance characteristics of the current implementation,
Hydrochloric acid catalyzed photoreduction of nitrobenzene by 2-propanol. Question of protonation in the excited state (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrochloric acid catalyzed photoreduction of nitrobenzene by 2-propanol. Question of protonation in the excited stateGene G. Wubbels, Jeffrey W. Jordan, and Nancy S. MillsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 4, 1281–1285Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00785a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00785a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts