gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 is essential for infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (2010)

The envelope glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) enables viral entry into hosts as distant as insects and vertebrates. Because of its ability to support infection of most, if not all, human cell types VSV-G is used in viral vectors for gene therapy. However, neither the receptor nor any specific host factor for VSV-G has been identified. Here we demonstrate that infection with VSV and innate immunity via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) require a shared component, the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96. Cells without gp96 or with catalytically inactive gp96 do not bind VSV-G. The ubiquitous expression of gp96 is therefore essential for the remarkably broad tropism of VSV-G. Cells deficient in gp96 also lack functional TLRs, which suggests that pathogen-driven pressure for TLR-mediated immunity maintains the broad host range of VSV-G by positively selecting for the ubiquitous expression of gp96.
Multistory Lift-Slab Construction (1958)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
軍用火炸藥(疊氮化鉛)製程廢水脫氮研究 (2004)

Abstract
To effectively remove nitrate-N from the wastewater of lead azide processing plant, a bio-denitrification process was studies. The anaerobic sludge was provided from the President Food Company, which had been culture 15-day for activation. The major bacteria of the activate sludge were identified to be Vorticalla convalleria and Aspidiacs spp., both were considered as responding to denitrification of high nitrate-N of lead azide wastewater. In this study, two major factors ( pH and temperature) related to denitrification rate were discussed. We set three temperatures( 20℃, 25℃, and 30℃) with five pH values ( 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, and 8.5) to investigate the optimal denitrification conditions. In the process of denitrification with the activated sludge, ethanol was added as carbon source and electron donor. The results revealed that the denitrification optimal pH and temperature was at pH 7.5 and 30℃.Under the optimal conditions, used a miniaturized fermented for continuous reaction for 96 h, the content of nitrate-N was decreased from 3500 ppm to 240 ppm. This meant about 90﹪denitrification rate could be obtained.
Keyword: Anaerobic sludge, Vorticalla convalleria, Denitrification, 
Lead azide, pH value, Temperature
A Practical, One-Pot Synthesis of Sulfonylated Pyridines (2010)

A concise and efficient one-pot synthesis of functionalized sulfonylated pyridines via an S(N)Ar reaction of readily available pyridines and sodium sulfinate salts in the presence of tetrabutylammonium chloride is presented.
The Novel Wheat Transcription Factor TaNAC47 Enhances Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerances in Transgenic Plants (2016)

NAC transcription factors play diverse roles in plant development and responses to abiotic stresses. However, the biological roles of NAC family members in wheat are not well understood. Here, we reported the isolation and functional characterization of a novel wheat TaNAC47 gene. TaNAC47 encoded protein, localizing in the nucleus, is able to bind to the ABRE cis-element and transactivate transcription in yeast, suggesting that it likely functions as a transcriptional activator. We also showed that TaNAC47 is differentially expressed in different tissues, and its expression was induced by the stress treatments of salt, cold, polyethylene glycol and exogenous abscisic acid. Furthermore, overexpression of TaNAC47 in Arabidopsis resulted in ABA hypersensitivity and enhancing tolerance of transgenic plants to drought, salt, and freezing stresses. Strikingly, overexpression of TaNAC47 was found to activate the expression of downstream genes and change several physiological indices that may enable transgenic plants to overcome unfavorable environments. Taken together, these results uncovered an important role of wheat TaNAC47 gene in response to ABA and abiotic stresses.
Carrier Status for the Common R501X and 2282del4 Filaggrin Mutations Is Not Associated with Hearing Phenotypes in 5377 Children from the ALSPAC Cohort (2009)

In conclusion, carrier status for common filaggrin mutations does not affect hearing in children.
DNA strand exchange in the absence of homologous pairing (1994)

The strand exchange reaction that is widely used for in vitro studies on recombination of DNA molecules is generally presumed to result from a preceding homologous pairing step. With the use of a single-stranded circular DNA and a short homologous linear duplex fragment as substrates in a model strand exchange reaction, it was found that modest concentrations of polyethylene glycol or salt promote formation of heteroduplex molecules and strand exchange. When the duplex fragment was partially resected with an exonuclease exposing a short single-stranded stretch on the ends, the reaction was promoted by the addition of commercial bovine serum albumin. The transcription factor TFIIIA promoted strand exchange when the DNA substrates contained the cognate DNA binding sequence recognized by the protein. These observations suggest that detection of strand exchange in vitro does not necessarily imply a preceding homologous pairing step.
Optimized human factor IX expression cassettes for hepaticdirected gene therapy of hemophilia B (2015)

基因治疗提供潜在的痊愈因为出血不止 B，和重要进步在指导肝的基因转移被完成了由联系 adeno 的病毒的向量调停了。包含优化 codon 的因素 IX (AAV8-hFIXco ) 向量表明了鼓励功效， hFIX 表示在 1% ～ 6% 正常稳定了的自我补足的联系 adeno 的病毒 serotype 8 人的使用的最近的临床的试用在与高向量剂量有关的病人，而是安全担心铺平仍然是现在。因此， AAV 向量的进一步的改进和 hFIX 表示盒子可以断然贡献出血不止 B 基因治疗的最终的成功。在这研究，加强的 hFIX 铺平接受者的凝结剂能力获得更高的表情，人的改正表示向量被升级 codon 改编索引并且调整 GC 内容优化，插入一个 Kozak 序列( GCCACC )，并且介绍一个 gain-of-function 变化， R338L (改正 Padua )。效率屏蔽出版，目前构造的盒子直在 vivo 被比较。另外，在这些盒子控制改正基因表示的规章的元素为肝特定的有效性被屏蔽。在所有构造盒子之中， scAAV-Pre-hFIXco-SIH-R338L ，是在凝血素 enhancer 和 prealbumin 倡导者的控制下面的构造，导致了凝结剂活动的高水平，并且二个构造盒子( scAAV-Chi-hFIXco-SIH-R338L 和 scAAV-Pre-hFIXco-SIH-R338L )的表示层次也比出版盒子( scAAV-LP1-hFIXco-SJ )的高。在摘要，我们的策略在蛋白质水平或一项显著地提高的凝结剂活动在 hFIX 表示导致了实质的增加。因此，这些与 AAV hFIX 重建向量可以潜在地贡献出血不止 B 的有效基因治疗的创造。
Cyber-physical system enabled nearby traffic flow modelling for autonomous vehicles (2017)

We propose a nearby traffic flow modelling solution based on built-in Cyber-Physical System (CPS) sensors of autonomous vehicles. Our goal is to enhance the offline route planning and driving decision adjustment based on the first-hand traffic information, especially during poor Internet connection moments. Specifically, our model helps to select the optimal speed on a road, the optimal distance for timing to brake, and the safe distance from other vehicles to keep. Moreover, our model can also assist neighboring autonomous vehicles by communicating required information through Ad-Hoc network communications or through a centralized cloud. In detail, we first focus on the unique characteristic of traffic flow (such as traffic rule, avoid collision behaviours), and then build a comprehensive model to handle multiple scenarios. Technically, our model uses density functions of velocities, the differential equation of traffic flows, and the traffic viscosity with information collected from the traffic flow, the distances between vehicles, the amount and density of vehicle, the instant velocity, the speed limit, and the momentum to analysis the the driving scene. We evaluate our model with real traffic data collected by in-vehicle CPS sensors to the proposed nearby traffic flow model. Results show that our work can accurately conduct offline estimation on nearby traffic signal influence, and reveal the correlations among velocity, density and (spatial and temporal) location to adjust route during runtime.
Workpiece charging in electron beam lithography (1994)

A major contribution to total overlay error can be pattern placement imprecision due to charging of the workpiece in electron beam lithography for mask manufacture. A first-generation, worst-case model is presented which indicates that an electron can experience quite a large placement error for a modest workpiece surface potential (100 nm/V). This model also predicts that the amount of error is proportional to the working distance. A novel method which measures the surface potential, to within 50 mV, is also presented. Results indicate that when exposed with 10 kV electrons the surface potential of 3000 Å PMMA on silicon is 1.5 V while that of 4000 Å SAL-601 on chrome on quartz is 0.5 V. The discharging time for both samples was found to be of the same order as the write time for a typical mask.
Mortalité et migration dans les villes industrielles au XIXe siècle : exemples belges et français (2000)

La collaboration entre l'équipe belge et l'équipe française permet ici de comparer des exemples de villes industrielles et de villes traditionnelles. On constate le net retard de la transition épidémiologique et sanitaire des premières par rapport aux secondes (et par rapport à la situation moyenne de chaque pays). Le retard est en particulier caractérisé par le maintien, voire l'aggravation, d'une très forte mortalité enfantine jusqu'au dixième anniversaire. Celle-ci dépendant par ailleurs de l'ancienneté de l'implantation des parents dans la ville et de leur degré de connaissance du monde industriel. En outre, cet article analyse de façon détaillée les relations complexes entre l'immigration massive et les caractéristiques de la mortalité. Il met notamment en évidence une sous-mortalité des immigrants adultes et ses facteurs principaux : une double sélection des immigrants, au départ des villages puis à l'arrivée dans la ville industrielle.
Pheochromocytoma crisis induced by glucocorticoids: a report of four cases and review of the literature (2008)

Exogenous glucocorticoids may unpredictably trigger PC. Pheochromocytoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of any patient who develops a hypertensive crisis, cardiac failure, tachycardia, headache, and abdominal or chest pain after receiving exogenous glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid induced PC is frequently associated with hemorrhagic pheochromocytoma. Although exogenous glucocorticoids cause serious complications unpredictably, they should be avoided or administered only if necessary and with caution in patients with known or suspected pheochromocytoma. During the investigation of incidental adrenal masses, pheochromocytoma should ideally be ruled out before administering glucocorticoids. However, no cases have been reported with 1 mg of dexamethasone when given as a DST in patients with pheochromocytoma; larger doses, as low as 2 mg of dexamethasone, may trigger a PC. A patient with pheochromocytoma presenting as an adrenal incidentaloma may also be at risk if exposed to glucocorticoids given as pre-treatment in case of allergy to contrast media.
Statistics of the entanglement of polymers: Concentration effects (1985)

Central concepts of the reptation model of polymer relaxation by disentanglement are the confining tube, the primitive path, and the entanglement net. These are given more precise definitions and are expounded upon here. The entanglement net is regarded as the set of primitive paths of the molecules. The scaling relation connecting distance between entanglements and concentration is derived by a self-consistency argument. Explicit results on probability distributions characterizing unentangled loops and primitive path lengths are derived. The polymers are modeled as random walks in a regular entanglement net. Results are presented as a function of the spacing between entanglements.
N.O. Nelson Company (1949)

Photograph of the exterior of the building which housed the N.O. Nelson Plumbing and Heating Company. This company was located at 616 Pedernales Street.
3D prestack depth migration with compensation for frequency dependent absorption and dispersion (2009)

Spatial variations in the transmission properties of the overburden cause seismic amplitude attenuation, wavelet phase distortion and seismic resolution reduction on deeper horizons. This poses problems for the seismic interpretation, tying of migration images with well‐log data and AVO analysis. We developed a prestack depth Q migration approach to compensate for the frequency dependent dissipation effects in the migration process. A 3D tomographic amplitude inversion approach may be used for the estimation of absorption model. Examples show that the method can mitigate these frequency dependent dissipation effects caused by transmission anomalies and should be considered as one of the processes for amplitude preserving processing that is important for AVO analysis when transmission anomalies are present.
Fast vertical mining using diffsets (2003)

A number of vertical mining algorithms have been proposed recently for association mining, which have shown to be very effective and usually outperform horizontal approaches. The main advantage of the vertical format is support for fast frequency counting via intersection operations on transaction ids (tids) and automatic pruning of irrelevant data. The main problem with these approaches is when intermediate results of vertical tid lists become too large for memory, thus affecting the algorithm scalability.In this paper we present a novel vertical data representation called Diffset, that only keeps track of differences in the tids of a candidate pattern from its generating frequent patterns. We show that diffsets drastically cut down the size of memory required to store intermediate results. We show how diffsets, when incorporated into previous vertical mining methods, increase the performance significantly.
A high output resistance current source (1974)

A current source based upon a pair of transistors in a cascode connection is discussed. The emitter-referenced cascode current source can offer as much as two orders of magnitude improvement in output resistance when compared to other current sources.
<scp>L</scp>ee,<scp>C</scp>hang‐Rae (2010)

Chang‐rae Lee has emerged as one of the most important voices in contemporary ethnic American literatures. His three critically acclaimed novels are marked by his distinctive voice; his subtle use of language, tone, and lyricism; and his emotionally embattled narrator‐protagonists. Often mixing and casting anew the conventions of immigrant fiction, detective stories, and the suburban novel through the lens of language, Lee's fiction highlights the varied and often conflicting uses of language in the process of telling one's story. From this engagement with how we tell stories, Lee perceptively attends to the difficulties of belonging and assimilation; the formations of community, family, nation, and race; and the intersection of private choices and collective histories. Lee picks up his characters' lives in the midst of settling down after a tragic death, a traumatic memory, or even a deceptively comfortable existence.
Cyclin E and cyclin A as candidates for the restriction point protein. (1993)

Progression of cells into S phase is proposed to be determined by accumulation of a labile protein (the restriction point protein R; A. B. Pardee, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 71: 1286-1290, 1974). We report here that cyclin E and cyclin A proteins as well as their dependent histone H1 kinases satisfy all of the criteria for the R protein, which includes late G1 phase increase, an excess delay of appearance after inhibition of protein synthesis in nontransformed cells, and a faster recovery in transformed cells. We suggest that the molecular basis of the R protein could be cyclin production and inactivation.
Proteomics analysis of stage-specific proteins expressed in human squamous cell lung carcinoma tissues (2005)

There is a growing interest in applying proteomics to gain insight into the mechanism of tumorigenesis, develop new markers for molecular diagnosis and accelerate drug development. In an attempt to find new stage-specific tumor markers, patients suffering from squamous cell lung carcinomas (SQCLC) at different pathologic stages have been selected to achieve differential protein expression patterns. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of human SQCLC and normal tissue were compared. Differential protein spots were identified with peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and database searching. A total of 63 unique proteins were identified in this experiment. Among them, peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) expression level was significantly increased from stage I to III, and had a slight decrease at stage IV; whereas, a lasting decrease in the expression level of tropomyosins 3 (TPM3), was observed with the malignant progression from I stage to IV stage. These results provide further insight into malignant transformation in SQCLC and proteins may serve as new biomarkers for early diagnosis.
Quantitative Tumor Perfusion Assessment with Multidetector CT: Are Measurements from Two Commercial Software Packages Interchangeable? (2007)

There was disagreement between the methods used to estimate tumor vascularity, which indicated the measurement techniques were not directly interchangeable.
Metastasizing Melanoma Formation Caused by Expression of Activated N-RasQ61K on an INK4a-Deficient Background (2005)

In human cutaneous malignant melanoma, a predominance of activated mutations in the N-ras gene has been documented. To obtain a mouse model most closely mimicking the human disease, a transgenic mouse line was generated by targeting expression of dominant-active human N-ras (N-RasQ61K) to the melanocyte lineage by tyrosinase regulatory sequences (Tyr::N-RasQ61K). Transgenic mice show hyperpigmented skin and develop cutaneous metastasizing melanoma. Consistent with the tumor suppressor function of the INK4a locus that encodes p16INK4A and p19(ARF), >90% of Tyr::N-RasQ61K INK4a-/- transgenic mice develop melanoma at 6 months. Primary melanoma tumors are melanotic, multifocal, microinvade the epidermis or epithelium of hair follicles, and disseminate as metastases to lymph nodes, lung, and liver. Primary melanoma can be transplanted s.c. in nude mice, and if injected i.v. into NOD/SCID mice colonize the lung. In addition, primary melanomas and metastases contain cells expressing the stem cell marker nestin suggesting a hierarchical structure of the tumors comprised of primitive nestin-expressing precursors and differentiated cells. In conclusion, a novel mouse model with melanotic and metastasizing melanoma was obtained by recapitulating genetic lesions frequently found in human melanoma.
Comparison of a single‐channel <scp>EEG</scp> sleep study to polysomnography (2016)

An accurate home sleep study to assess electroencephalography (EEG)-based sleep stages and EEG power would be advantageous for both clinical and research purposes, such as for longitudinal studies measuring changes in sleep stages over time. The purpose of this study was to compare sleep scoring of a single-channel EEG recorded simultaneously on the forehead against attended polysomnography. Participants were recruited from both a clinical sleep centre and a longitudinal research study investigating cognitively normal ageing and Alzheimer's disease. Analysis for overall epoch-by-epoch agreement found strong and substantial agreement between the single-channel EEG compared to polysomnography (κ = 0.67). Slow wave activity in the frontal regions was also similar when comparing the single-channel EEG device to polysomnography. As expected, Stage N1 showed poor agreement (sensitivity 0.2) due to lack of occipital electrodes. Other sleep parameters, such as sleep latency and rapid eye movement (REM) onset latency, had decreased agreement. Participants with disrupted sleep consolidation, such as from obstructive sleep apnea, also had poor agreement. We suspect that disagreement in sleep parameters between the single-channel EEG and polysomnography is due partially to altered waveform morphology and/or poorer signal quality in the single-channel derivation. Our results show that single-channel EEG provides comparable results to polysomnography in assessing REM, combined Stages N2 and N3 sleep and several other parameters, including frontal slow wave activity. The data establish that single-channel EEG can be a useful research tool.
An Expedient Synthesis of 9-Hydroxyellipticine (1992)

9-Hydroxyellipticine (9-hydroxy-5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]-carbazole) has been synthesized from ellipticine via a direct regioselective formylation, followed by a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation.
Molecular cloning, structural analysis, and expression in Escherichia coli of a chitinase gene from Enterobacter agglomerans (1997)

The gene chiA, which codes for endochitinase, was cloned from a soilborne Enterobacter agglomerans. Its complete sequence was determined, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme designated Chia_Entag yielded an open reading frame coding for 562 amino acids of a 61-kDa precursor protein with a putative leader peptide at its N terminus. The nucleotide and polypeptide sequences of Chia_Entag showed 86.8 and 87.7% identity with the corresponding gene and enzyme, Chia_Serma, of Serratia marcescens, respectively. Homology modeling of Chia_Entag's three-dimensional structure demonstrated that most amino acid substitutions are at solvent-accessible sites. Escherichia coli JM109 carrying the E. agglomerans chiA gene produced and secreted Chia_Entag. The antifungal activity of the secreted endochitinase was demonstrated in vitro by inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum spore germination. The transformed strain inhibited Rhizoctonia solani growth on plates and the root rot disease caused by this fungus in cotton seedlings under greenhouse conditions.
Clock gating effectiveness metrics: Applications to power optimization (2009)

Effective implementation and efficient utilization of clock gating logic is a critical element for dynamic power optimization. In this paper we propose three new clock gating effectiveness metrics to assess the quality of clock gating. We then propose applications of these metrics combined with RT level activity profiles, that enable accurate power estimation at downstream physical design stages. The approach apart from providing power optimization quality assessment, also provides 10X improvement in power estimation cycle time. Results on a 65 nm design have been presented to prove the claim.
MPEG-1 super-resolution decoding for the analysis of video still images (2002)

A digital image sequence coded at low bitrate using a motion-compensated video compression standard should contain little data redundancy. However, the success of a particular super-resolution enhancement algorithm is predicted on super-resolution overlap (i.e., redundancy) of moving objects from frame-to-frame. If an MPEG-1 bitstream is coded at a relatively high bitrate (e.g., a compression ratio of 15:1), enough data redundancy exists within the bitstream to successfully perform super-resolution enhancement within the decoder. Empirical results are presented in which decoded pictures from MPEG-1 bitstreams containing both global scene transformations and independent object notion are integrated to generate Bayesian high-resolution video still (HRVS) images. It is shown that additional spatial details can be extracted by integrating several motion-compensated coded pictures, provided that a large number of subpixel-resolution overlaps-such as those captured by a reconnaissance airplane or surveillance satellite-are present among the original digitized video frames.