gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling 3D Facial Shape from DNA (2014)

Human facial diversity is substantial, complex, and largely scientifically unexplained. We used spatially dense quasi-landmarks to measure face shape in population samples with mixed West African and European ancestry from three locations (United States, Brazil, and Cape Verde). Using bootstrapped response-based imputation modeling (BRIM), we uncover the relationships between facial variation and the effects of sex, genomic ancestry, and a subset of craniofacial candidate genes. The facial effects of these variables are summarized as response-based imputed predictor (RIP) variables, which are validated using self-reported sex, genomic ancestry, and observer-based facial ratings (femininity and proportional ancestry) and judgments (sex and population group). By jointly modeling sex, genomic ancestry, and genotype, the independent effects of particular alleles on facial features can be uncovered. Results on a set of 20 genes showing significant effects on facial features provide support for this approach as a novel means to identify genes affecting normal-range facial features and for approximating the appearance of a face from genetic markers.
Bootstrapped ultrasound calibration. (2006)

This paper introduces an enhanced (bootstrapped) method for tracked ultrasound probe calibration. Prior to calibration, a position sensor is used to track an ultrasound probe in 3D space, while the US image is used to determine calibration target locations within the image. From this information, an estimate of the transformation matrix of the scan plane with respect to the position sensor is computed. While all prior calibration methods terminate at this phase, we use this initial calibration estimate to bootstrap an additional optimization of the transformation matrix on independent data to yield the minimum reconstruction error on calibration targets. The bootstrapped workflow makes use of a closed-form calibration solver and associated sensitivity analysis, allowing for rapid and robust convergence to an optimal calibration matrix. Bootstrapping demonstrates superior reconstruction accuracy.
Mechanisms of stress-induced voids in multi-level Cu interconnects (2003)

One of the most serious problems in Cu-based multilevel integration is the failure in stacked vias caused by stress-induced voids. In this paper, the failure mechanism of the stacked via resistance is evaluated by analyzing the effects of the conditions of deposition and annealing in electroplated-Cu (EP-Cu) and the damascene structure scheme in a 64-bit RISC microprocessor with 7 copper layers. The stress-induced void is closely related to the stress change and the volume shrinkage of EP-Cu generated during deposition and annealing. The stacked via failures can be effectively suppressed with the application of two-step deposition and annealing in the EP-Cu process at the relatively low temperature of about 200/spl deg/C and the single damascene scheme for the layer of Via-5/Metal-6.
Autologous dendritic cells transfected with prostate-specific antigen RNA stimulate CTL responses against metastatic prostate tumors (2002)

Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with mRNA encoding prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are able to stimulate potent, T cell-mediated antitumor immune responses in vitro. A phase I trial was performed to evaluate this strategy for safety, feasibility, and efficacy to induce T cell responses against the self-protein PSA in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. In 13 study subjects, escalating doses of PSA mRNA-transfected DCs were administered with no evidence of dose-limiting toxicity or adverse effects, including autoimmunity. Induction of PSA-specific T cell responses was consistently detected in all patients, suggesting in vivo bioactivity of the vaccine. Vaccination was further associated with a significant decrease in the log slope PSA in six of seven subjects; three patients that could be analyzed exhibited a transient molecular clearance of circulating tumor cells. The demonstration of vaccine safety, successful in vivo induction of PSA-specific immunity, and impact on surrogate clinical endpoints provides a scientific rationale for further clinical investigation of RNA-transfected DCs in the treatment of human cancer.
High Frequency Radial Mode Vibration in Hard Disk Drive (2011)

In this paper, a 3.5-in computer hard disk drive consisting of a rotating-shaft fluid dynamic bearing spindle motor and 4-disk spinning at 15 000 rpm under external linear vibration is analyzed by commercial finite element analysis software. Predicted frequency response functions of the head-disk off-track motion per unit input acceleration are compared to measured hard disk drive position-error signals on a shaker table. Both theoretical and experimental results show a huge disk pack radial motion near 1600 Hz under linear in-plane vibration. The mode shape analysis indicates that the large radial motion without noticeable disk bending is mainly due to the bending of the motor bracket and shaft. The characteristics of the high frequency radial mode are discussed with the variation of fluid dynamic bearing parameters with the verification of experimental results.
Potential Predictive Value of <i>TP53</i> and <i>KRAS</i> Mutation Status for Response to PD-1 Blockade Immunotherapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma (2016)

<b>Purpose:</b> Although clinical studies have shown promise for targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and ligand (PD-L1) signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the factors that predict which subtype patients will be responsive to checkpoint blockade are not fully understood.<b>Experimental Design:</b> We performed an integrated analysis on the multiple-dimensional data types including genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and clinical data from cohorts of lung adenocarcinoma public (discovery set) and internal (validation set) database and immunotherapeutic patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to determine potentially relevant gene expression signatures between specific subgroups.<b>Results:</b> We observed that <i>TP53</i> mutation significantly increased expression of immune checkpoints and activated T-effector and interferon-γ signature. More importantly, the <i>TP53/KRAS</i> comutated subgroup manifested exclusive increased expression of PD-L1 and a highest proportion of <i>PD-L1<sup>+</sup>/CD8A<sup>+</sup></i> Meanwhile, <i>TP53-</i> or <i>KRAS</i>-mutated tumors showed prominently increased mutation burden and specifically enriched in the transversion-high (TH) cohort. Further analysis focused on the potential molecular mechanism revealed that <i>TP53</i> or <i>KRAS</i> mutation altered a group of genes involved in cell-cycle regulating, DNA replication and damage repair. Finally, immunotherapeutic analysis from public clinical trial and prospective observation in our center were further confirmed that <i>TP53</i> or <i>KRAS</i> mutation patients, especially those with co-occurring <i>TP53/KRAS</i> mutations, showed remarkable clinical benefit to PD-1 inhibitors.<b>Conclusions:</b> This work provides evidence that <i>TP53</i> and <i>KRAS</i> mutation in lung adenocarcinoma may be served as a pair of potential predictive factors in guiding anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); 3012-24. ©2016 AACR</i>.
Deactivation of Q-cadmium sulfide photoluminescence through polynucleotide surface binding (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTDeactivation of Q-cadmium sulfide photoluminescence through polynucleotide surface bindingShelli R. Bigham and Jeffery L. CofferCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 26, 10581–10584Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100205a001https://doi.org/10.1021/j100205a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views172Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Composing Processes of Unskilled College Writers (1979)

Preview this article: The Composing Processes of Unskilled College Writers, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/rte/13/4/researchintheteachingofenglish17867-1.gif
Multiple cDNA Sequences and the Evolution of Bovine Stomach Lysozyme (1989)

To investigate the origin of stomach expression of lysozyme in ruminants; we surveyed clones from a cow stomach cDNA library with a lysozyme cDNA probe. Ten percent of the clones in this library were lysozyme-specific. Thirty of the lysozyme clones were sequenced, and seven types of lysozyme mRNA sequence were found. They encode the three previously identified stomach isozymes of lysozyme. The seven sequences are closely related to one another and represent the products of a minimum of 4 of the approximately 10 cow lysozyme genes detected by genomic blotting. The most abundant form of stomach lysozyme (form 2) is encoded by at least two genes, whereas forms 1 and 3 are possibly each encoded by only one gene. The number of genes encoding each isozyme appears to contribute the largest factor in the relative abundance of each isozyme. The multiple lysozyme genes expressed in the cow stomach are the result of gene duplications that occurred during ruminant evolution. The recruitment of lysozyme as a major enzyme in the stomach may thus have involved an early regulatory event and a later 4-7-fold increase in expression allowed by gene amplification. During this period, the amino acid sequences of these lysozymes have been evolving more slowly than those of nonruminant lysozymes.
LABORATORY AND FIELD ASSESSMENT OF SOME KAIROMONE BLENDS FOR HOST-SEEKING AEDES AEGYPTI<sup>1</sup> (2006)

Using laboratory Y-tube olfactometers, the attractiveness of lactic acid and 2 kairomone blends from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and BioGents GmbH (BG) was assessed for attractiveness to Aedes aegypti. Four geographically disparate populations were assessed: North Queensland Australia (NQA), Florida USA, Minas Gerais Brazil (MGB), and Singapore. In descending order, populations were attracted to USDA, BG blends, and lactic acid. MGB was poorly attracted to lactic acid alone. The blends were less attractive than human odor. Proprietary blends were modified, and their attractiveness was assessed to find the optimum attractive mixture for NQA. Adding acetone to BG, and ammonia and caproic acid to USDA, improved attractiveness in the laboratory. Field attractiveness was assessed by coupling the blends with a newly developed BG-Sentinel Ae. aegypti trap. Trials were carried out using the BG blend, BG blend plus acetone, USDA blend, USDA blend plus ammonia and caproic acid, and a control trap with no kairomones. The traps were highly effective, with mean 24-h collections up to 11.15 Ae. aegypti per trap, and this species made up 91.7% of collections. However, the effectiveness of the unbaited control trap indicated that the BG-Sentinel has visual attractive properties for Ae. aegypti and that the kairomone lures added little to trap performance in NQA.
<i>De Novo</i>Synthesis of Gem-Dialkyl Chlorophyll Analogues for Probing and Emulating Our Green World (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTDe Novo Synthesis of Gem-Dialkyl Chlorophyll Analogues for Probing and Emulating Our Green WorldJonathan S. Lindsey*View Author Information Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States*Phone: 919-515-6406. Fax: 919-513-2830. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 13, 6534–6620Publication Date (Web):June 12, 2015Publication History Received2 February 2015Published online12 June 2015Published inissue 8 July 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00065https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00065review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2790Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Halogenation,Macrocycles,Organic compounds,Pyrroles,Substituents Get e-Alerts
Unstable Self-Excitation of Torsional Vibration in AC Induction Motor Driven Rotational Systems (1992)

The most common NEMA Design Classes of AC induction motors have speed-torque characteristics that can give rise to unstable self-excitation of torsional vibration in rotational systems during start-up. A torsional vibration computational model for start-up transients has been developed as a design tool for induction motor applications. Torsional instability can occur at speeds in the positive sloping segment of the motor’s speed-torque curve and is particularly acute when the mass moment of inertia of the load device is more than two times the mass moment of inertia of the motor rotor. The computational model is compared with an exact solution method and with a laboratory test of a motor-driven inertial load. Applications of the computational model to electric submersible pump (ESP) design cases are discussed.
Public investments in tourism in Northeast Brazil : Does a poor-area strategy benefit the poor? (2005)

Tourism development is often promoted as a pro-poor non-agricultural rural strategy. However, little research exists at the World Bank about the broad impacts of tourism development. This paper is an interesting contribution for researchers and those working in Environmental and Socially Sustainable Development (ESSD) operations because it examines a wide range of economic, social, and environmental impacts from tourism development. The paper raises critical questions about poverty reduction strategies that target poor areas as opposed to poor households. The paper was carried out as part of a study for the World Bank as input for a State Economic Memorandum for Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (World Bank 2004). The Team Task Leader, Dorte Verner, provided strong support to the research team.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors: latest evidence and clinical implications (2017)

Observational studies and meta-analyses have shown that the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially when prescribed at high doses for long periods of time, can potentially increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The increased thrombotic risk related to the use of NSAIDs is mainly due to their cyclooxygenase 2 selectivity. The dosage use, the formulation selected and the duration of the therapy are other factors that can significantly impact on the cardiovascular risk. In order to minimize the risk, prescription of the right drug based on the patient's features and the different safety profiles of several NSAIDs that are available on the market is key for their appropriate administration. Despite the baseline cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risk of each patient, monitoring of patients is suggested for increases in blood pressure, development of edema, deterioration of renal function, or gastrointestinal bleeding during long-term treatment with NSAIDs.
Cardiovascular gene therapy for myocardial infarction (2013)

We summarise the scheme of the review and the molecular targets either already at the gene therapy clinical trial phase or in the pipeline. These targets will be discussed below. Following this, we will focus on what we believe are the 4 prerequisites of success of any gene target therapy: safety, expression, specificity and efficacy (SESE).
Perfluoro‐<i>tert</i>‐butyl‐homoserine as a sensitive <sup>19</sup>F NMR reporter for peptide–membrane interactions in solution (2013)

Fluorine ((19)F) NMR is a valuable tool for studying dynamic biological processes. However, increasing the sensitivity of fluorinated reporter molecules is a key to reducing acquisition times and accessing transient biological interactions. Here, we evaluate the utility a novel amino acid, L-O-(perfluoro-t-butyl)-homoserine (pFtBSer), that can easily be synthesized and incorporated into peptides and provides greatly enhanced sensitivity over currently used (19)F biomolecular NMR probes. Incorporation of pFtBSer into the potent antimicrobial peptide MSI-78 results in a sharp (19)F NMR singlet that can be readily detected at concentrations of 5 µm and lower. We demonstrate that pFtBSer incorporation into MSI-78 provides a sensitive tool to study binding through (19)F NMR chemical shift and nuclear relaxation changes. These results establish future potential for pFtBSer to be incorporated into various proteins where NMR signal sensitivity is paramount, such as in-cell investigations.
Classifying Heart Sound Recordings using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Mel:Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (2016)

We describe the development of an algorithm for the automatic classification of heart sound phonocardiogram waveforms as normal, abnormal or uncertain. Our approach consists of three major components: 1) Heart sound segmentation, 2) Transformation of one-dimensional waveforms into two-dimensional timefrequency heat map representations using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and 3) Classification of MFCC heat maps using deep convolutional neural networks. We applied the above approach to produce submissions for the 2016 PhysioNet Computing in Cardiology Challenge. We present results from the challenge, as well as describe in detail the resulting neural network architecture produced and design decisions made.
Smart Distribution: Coupled Microgrids (2011)

The distribution system provides major opportunities for smart grid concepts. One way to approach distribution system problems is to rethinking our distribution system to include the integration of high levels of distributed energy resources, using microgrid concepts. Basic objectives are improved reliability, promote high penetration of renewable sources, dynamic islanding, and improved generation efficiencies through the use of waste heat. Managing significant levels of distributed energy resources (DERs) with a wide and dynamic set of resources and control points can become overwhelming. The best way to manage such a system is to break the distribution system down into small clusters or microgrids, with distributed optimizing controls coordinating multimicrogrids. The Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTSs) concept views clustered generation and associated loads as a grid resource or a “microgrid.” The clustered sources and loads can operate in parallel to the grid or as an island. This grid resource can disconnect from the utility during events (i.e., faults, voltage collapses), but may also intentionally disconnect when the quality of power from the grid falls below certain standards. This paper focuses on DER-based distribution, the basics of microgrids, possibility of smart distribution systems using coupled microgrid and the current state of autonomous microgrid technology.
Serum α-L-Fucosidase: A New Marker for the Diagnosis of Primary Hepatic Carcinoma? (1984)

alpha-L-fucosidase, a lysosomal enzyme which catabolizes fucoproteins, was studied in sera from 30 controls, 32 patients with primary hepatic carcinomas, 24 patients with secondary metastatic liver carcinomas and 36 patients with cirrhosis. Serum alpha-L-fucosidase was increased in primary hepatic carcinomas (145.5 +/- 12 nkat per liter) with a high statistical significance versus controls (51.4 +/- 4.5 - p less than 10(-7], secondary metastatic liver carcinomas (58.9 +/- 6.4 - p less than 10(-5] and cirrhotics (71.3 +/- 6 - p less than 10(-5). A level exceeding 110 was a useful marker for the diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma with 75% sensitivity and 90% specificity.
Exome sequencing in pooled DNA samples to identify maternal pre-eclampsia risk variants (2016)

Pre-eclampsia is a common pregnancy disorder that is a major cause for maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Variants predisposing to pre-eclampsia might be under negative evolutionary selection that is likely to keep their population frequencies low. We exome sequenced samples from a hundred Finnish pre-eclamptic women in pools of ten to screen for low-frequency, large-effect risk variants for pre-eclampsia. After filtering and additional genotyping steps, we selected 28 low-frequency missense, nonsense and splice site variants that were enriched in the pre-eclampsia pools compared to reference data, and genotyped the variants in 1353 pre-eclamptic and 699 non-pre-eclamptic women to test the association of them with pre-eclampsia and quantitative traits relevant for the disease. Genotypes from the SISu project (n = 6118 exome sequenced Finnish samples) were included in the binary trait association analysis as a population reference to increase statistical power. In these analyses, none of the variants tested reached genome-wide significance. In conclusion, the genetic risk for pre-eclampsia is likely complex even in a population isolate like Finland, and larger sample sizes will be necessary to detect risk variants.
Copper(II)-Catalyzed Amidations of Alkynyl Bromides as a General Synthesis of Ynamides and <i>Z</i>-Enamides. An Intramolecular Amidation for the Synthesis of Macrocyclic Ynamides (2006)

A general and efficient method for the coupling of a wide range of amides with alkynyl bromides is described here. This novel amidation reaction involves a catalytic protocol using copper(II) sulfate-pentahydrate and 1,10-phenanthroline to direct the sp-C-N bond formation, leading to a structurally diverse array of ynamides including macrocyclic ynamides via an intramolecular amidation. Given the surging interest in ynamide chemistry, this atom economical synthesis of ynamides should invoke further attention from the synthetic organic community.
Angiopoietin-2, a Regulator of Vascular Permeability in Inflammation, Is Associated With Persistent Organ Failure in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis From the United States and Germany (2010)

Elevated serum Ang-2 levels on admission are associated with and may be a useful biomarker of predicting persistent organ failure and ongoing endothelial cell activation in AP.