gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic characterization of Bacillus subtilis odhA and odhB, encoding 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and dihydrolipoamide transsuccinylase, respectively (1989)

The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex consists of three different subenzymes, the E1o (2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase) component, the E2o (dihydrolipoyl transsuccinylase) component, and the E3 (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase) component. In Bacillus subtilis, the E1o and E2o subenzymes are encoded by odhA and odhB, respectively. A plasmid with a 6.8-kilobase-pair DNA fragment containing odhA and odhB was isolated. Functional E1o and E2o are expressed from this plasmid in Escherichia coli. Antisera generated against B. subtilis E1o and E2o expressed in E. coli reacted with antigens of the same size from B. subtilis. The nucleotide sequence of odhB and the terminal part of odhA was determined. The deduced primary sequence of B. subtilis E2o shows striking similarity to the corresponding E. coli protein, which made it possible to identify the lipoyl-binding lysine residue as well as catalytic histidine and aspartic acid residues. An mRNA of 4.5 kilobases hybridizing to both odhA and odhB probes was detected, indicating that odhA and odhB form an operon.
MODELING DRINKING WATER QUALITY VIOLATIONS WITH BAYESIAN NETWORKS<sup>1</sup> (2004)

ABSTRACT: Compliance violations at community water systems are rare but represent significant human health risks. These risks are mediated by the decision schema of human operators at water treatment facilities. However, causal uncertainty among physical and human factors involved in water quality problems complicates assessment of their probability and severity. This study uses a probabilistic Bayesian network modeling approach to explore the causes of compliance violations in a sample of water treatment systems in Pennsylvania. The model presented here is one of several created by treatment system operators during an expert elicitation process. The expert model alone predicts violations poorly, suggesting that experts make inaccurate quantitative estimates. However, Bayesian networks are capable of combining the subjective expertise of treatment system operators with the objective compliance histories of the facilities they manage, and the expert model accurately predicts violations when trained with historical compliance data. Analysis of the trained network reveals those components of the treatment process, including environmental and system characteristics as well as operator decisions, that play the greatest role in determining the likelihood of major violation types. Among operator decisions, coagulant dosing and filter backwash frequency are the most important determinants of violation likelihood.
NEREA: Named Entity Recognition and Disambiguation Exploiting Local Document Repositories (2016)

In this work, we describe the design, development, and deployment of NEREA (Named Entity Recognizer for spEcific Areas), an automatic Named Entity Recognizer and Disambiguation system, developed in collaboration with professional documentalists. The aim of NEREA is to keep accurate and current information about the entities mentioned in a local repository, and then support building appropriate infoboxes, setting out the main data of these entities. It achieves a high performance thanks to the use of classification resources belonging to the local database. With this aim, the system performs tasks of named entity recognition and disambiguation by using three types of knowledge bases: local classification resources, global databases like DBpedia, and its own catalog created by NEREA. The proposed method has been validated with two different datasets and its operation has been tested in English and Spanish. The working methodology is being applied in a real environment of a media with promising results.
<i>Lactococcus lactis</i>: high‐level expression of tetanus toxin fragment C and protection against lethal challenge (1993)

To determine if the food-grade bacterium Lactococcus lactis holds promise as a vaccine antigen delivery vector we have investigated whether this bacterium can be made to produce high levels of a heterologous protein antigen. A regulated expression system has been developed which may be generally suitable for the expression of foreign antigens (and other proteins) in L. lactis. The system utilizes the fast-acting T7 RNA polymerase to transcribe target genes, and provides the first example of the successful use of this polymerase in a Gram-positive bacterium. When the performance of the expression system was characterized using tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC) up to 22% of soluble cell protein was routinely obtained as TTFC. Mice immunized subcutaneously with L. lactis expressing TTFC were protected from lethal challenge with tetanus toxin. These results show for the first time that L. lactis is able to express substantial quantities of a heterologous protein antigen and that this organism can present this antigen to the immune system in an immunogenic form.
Automatic initial estimation of the left ventricular myocardial midwall in emission tomograms using Kohonen maps (1994)

A new method to make an automatic initial estimation of the position of the middle of the left ventricular (LV) myocardial wall (LV myocardial midwall) in emission tomograms is presented. This method eliminates the manual interaction still required by other, more accurate LV delineation algorithms, and which consists of indicating the LV long axis and/or the LV extremities. A well-known algorithm from the world of neural networks, Kohonen's self-organizing maps, was adapted to use general shapes and to behave well for data with large background noise. >
A micropower tilt processing circuit (2008)

This paper describes a novel analogue circuit for extracting the tilt angle from the output of a standard MEMS accelerometer. The circuit uses the accelerometer signal together with the gravitational acceleration vector to generate the tilt signal. Using a current-mode representation with devices operated in subthreshold, the appropriate trigonometric function has been realised to compute tilt. Furthermore, implementing a long-time constant filter to extract the mean tilt level provides adaptation to the static tilt level. Specifically, this circuit has been designed as part of an implantable vestibular prosthesis to provide inclination signals for bypassing dysfunctional otolith end-organs. The hardware has been implemented in AMS 0.35 mum 2P4M CMOS technology.
Multiband compact dual-arm monopole antenna aimed at mobile phone applications (2008)

A printed monopole antenna for quad-band operation in the mobile phone has been proposed and studied. The antenna occupies a volume of 24.3 x 20 x 4 mm3 with a very low height as compared to others, yet it can cover two wide bands centred at about 925 MHz and 1920 MHz to realize GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation. Good radiation characteristics of the antenna over the operating bands have also been observed. The proposed antenna is very promising for application in the mobile phone as an internal antenna for quad-band operation.
Object-based video streaming technique with application to intelligent transportation systems (2004)

With rapid development of the Internet, traffic surveillance systems using Internet video streaming techniques are becoming mature. This paper presents a vision-based intelligent transportation system that can perform real-time traffic monitoring remotely. A background-registration method is used to dynamically adapt the background and separate vehicles from the background with an adaptive threshold. To utilize the bandwidth efficiently, important vehicles can, in real time, be segmented, encoded, and transmitted with higher quality and higher frame rate than those of the background. According to the traffic flow and mean speed, traffic events such as traffic jams and speeding can be detected. Automatic monitoring of traffic events would be useful in reducing the workload of human operators and providing road information. The experimental results show that the real time traffic surveillance system is indeed effective and efficient.
Topic Importance and Assumed Similarity (1993)

The researcher explored the effect of topic importance on the relationship between assumed similarity and interpersonal attraction. Past research suggests that the effect emerges when the similarities of important and unimportant items differ, and that there are no effects under other conditions. One explanation is that the assumed similarity mediates attraction. Seventy six male and seventy two female students in Exp.1 and sixty eight female students attending a Nursing College in Exp.2 participated in the experiments. They were asked to evaluate individuals whose attitudes were similar to their own in half of the items and dissimilar in the remaining with regard to interpersonal attraction and assumed similarity. The results imply that interpersonal attraction is highest in the similar-important condition, and that it is lowest in the similar-unimportant condition. There were no differences between important attitude only and unimportant attitude only conditions. Comparable results were obtained in assumed similarity. However, there is no support of the hypothesis that assumed similarity mediates interpersonal attraction.
The Antimony-Antimony Oxide Electrode (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Antimony-Antimony Oxide ElectrodeJohn T. Stock, William C. Purdy, and Lucinda M. GarciaCite this: Chem. Rev. 1958, 58, 4, 611–626Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr50022a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr50022a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
4.3 mΩcm<sup>2</sup>, 1100 V 4H-SiC Implantation and Epitaxial MOSFET (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Leuprolide acetate for exhibitionism in huntington's disease (1994)

We treated a patient with Huntington's disease and exhibitionism using leuprolide acetate (Lupron Depot, TAP Pharmaceuticals), a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. The result was elimination of his deviant sexual behavior with few side effects. This regimen may be a safe and effective pharmacological treatment of the paraphilias. The occurrence of paraphilias in basal ganglia disorders is reviewed.
Phase‐Transition Microneedle Patches for Efficient and Accurate Transdermal Delivery of Insulin (2015)

Utilizing the unique virtue of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) of forming microcrystalline domains as the cross‐linking junctions, a new microneedle system, phase‐transition microneedle (PTM) patch, is invented, which enables highly efficient transdermal delivery of insulin without depositing the needle tip materials to the skin. PTM, formed of biocompatible PVA as the main component, is sufficiently strong for its needle tip to penetrate the epidermis in the dry state, release preloaded cargos by absorbing body fluid in the dermis layer nearly as fast as subcutaneous injection, and retain mechanical toughness in the hydrated state to ensure complete removal from the skin. The microcrystalline cross‐linking enables a protein‐friendly fabrication process free of hazardous cross‐linking agents required for chemical and ionic cross‐linking. Pharmacokinetic and efficacy studies of insulin‐loaded PTM using pig models indicate a transdermal bioavailability over 20%, similar deviations and peak width, only 18 min behind Tmax, and lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c ) as compared with injection pens. The complete removability of hydrated needle tips may endow PTM with an additional safety insurance, terminating medication whenever hypoglycemia becomes a concern. PTM patch is practically applicable to a variety of protein/peptide medicines requiring frequent dosing by offering painless administration, freedom of refrigeration, and minimal safety concerns.
The Causes of our Present Discontents (1983)

No student of history should expect the patterns of the past to be selfperpetuating, but the recorded insistence of the British on the maintenance of sea-power did correspond to certain obvious needs and opportunities. These were not diminished, but actually increased, by many of the trends that developed in the first three quarters of the twentieth century. A potential enemy had now emerged with much the same ideological incentive to the conquest of the British Isles as that once possessed by Philip II or the leaders of Revolutionary France. Growing British dependence on imports had sharpened the weapon, wielded in different forms by Napoleon, by Imperial Germany and by Hitler, of their denial. The identity and location of the enemy had reinforced the geographical advantage of the British Isles, that unsinkable aircraft carrier athwart the exits from the Baltic and the Norwegian Seas. On the face of it, there was more for the Navy to do than there had ever been. But there was also a very general acquiescence in its decline.KeywordsNational ProductBritish IsleBritish GovernmentBritish PeopleBritish EconomyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Simple iron-amine catalysts for the cross-coupling of aryl Grignards with alkyl halides bearing β-hydrogens (2005)

Mixtures of iron(III) chloride and appropriate amine ligands are active catalysts for the coupling of aryl Grignard reagents with primary and secondary alkyl halide substrates bearing beta-hydrogens, under mild and simple reaction conditions.
Two-photon photorefractivity in pure and doped LiNbO<sub>3</sub> (1980)

Abstract Measurements at 5 wavelengths between 0.53 and 0.725 μm, and at moderate power levels in the 1–10 MW/cm2 range, indicate that two-photon photorefractive sensitivity in 0.1% iron-doped LiNbO3 is considerably greater than that in undoped crystals.
Multiple-sensor micro-system for pulmonary function diagnostics for COPD and asthma patients (2002)

This European funded research project aims for the development of a portable pocket sized electronic multiple-sensor micro-system for low cost, high volume and high cost, low volume equipment for improved diagnosis of pulmonary diseases and pulmonary diagnostic functions in general. The microsystem will measure Peak Expiratory flow (PEF), Temperature (T), Pressure (P) and Relative Humidity (RH) and will comply with (1) the Body Temperature Pressure Saturation standard (BTPS), (2) The American Thoracic Society, ATS and (3) the Recommendations of the European Respiratory Society, ERS. A single chip multiple-sensor has been realized applying Silicon and MEMS technology. P-type doped resistive elements are used for the sensing elements, which guarantees best reproducibility and accuracy. Much attention has been devoted to the right mounting technique where response time is a main issue here in particular for the PEF measurements. So far, except for the RH measurement all elements are integrated on one single chip.
<title>High-Speed Television Camera And Video Tape Recording System For Motion Analysis</title> (1982)

A new high-speed motion analysis system provides 2000 frames/second recording and instant replay. Subframe pictures can be taken at 12,000 pictures per second. The recording medium is magnetic tape packaged in a cassette which stores 45 seconds at the highest speed. The key technical advance which made the system possible include a new solid-state 192 x 240 image sensor array which can be read at 108 pixels/second. Recording at practical tape speeds was achieved through the development of high density magnetic heads and tape specifically for this system. In addition to high speed operation, the system was designed to ease the entire range of image analysis tasks. Analog data channels may be recorded and reproduced synchronously with the image sequence. The instrument permits full remote control by a host computer, and random read/write access to the internal digital frame store for image enhancement and pattern recognition applications.
Large bowel problems (1990)

Some large bowel disorders are common to all age groups, others are commoner in the elderly. Colonic function is complex and not fully understood. Diarrhoeal states tend to cause faecal incontinence in the elderly and constipation is commoner in immobile institutionalised elderly patients. Two types of constipation have been identified requiring different approaches in treatment. The management of constipation includes the treatment of the underlying cause and the clearing of the bowel using enemas and suppositories given rectally and laxatives given orally. The neurological causes of faecal incontinence may be local or more commonly cortical. Deliberate constipation and planned evacuation of the rectum may help to reduce the frequency of faecal incontinence. The management of diverticular disease centres around fibre and bulking agents. The treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is similar to that in younger patients.
Optimal design of a redundant high current DC/DC converter (2015)

This paper discusses an optimal design of a highly efficient redundant paralleled multiphase buck converter with active current sharing scheme. “N+1” redundant power supplies are commonly employed in high-reliability and fault-tolerant systems. To achieve high performances, active current sharing and remote voltage sensing are typically implemented in redundant paralleled DC/DC power supplies. A detailed modeling of the current sharing scheme and implementation of remote voltage sensing are discussed in paper. A 12V input, 5V/100A output prototype is implemented to validate the design concepts. Comprehensive experimental results show good current sharing performance and dynamic voltage response, and a peak efficiency of 94.89% of this redundant converter is realized.
Medical Image Segmentation Using H-minima Transform and Region Merging Technique (2011)

Watershed transform is a commonly used image segmentation method. The main problem with this segmentation technique is that of its sensitivity to noise and other irregularities which leads to over-segmentation. In this paper the over-segmentation problem is overcome by combing pre-processing and post-processing techniques along with watershed transform. First multi-scale morphological filtering by reconstruction is used to remove noise and then h minima transform is implemented to extract markers. These markers are then superimposed on gradient image. Watershed transform is then applied on the modified gradient map. Post-processing region merging technique is used to merge the over segmented regions in the final segmented map. Experimental results show that the over-segmentation problem is reduced with the average segmentation accuracy of 0.96.
Fatal Family Outbreak of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> -Associated Food Poisoning (2005)

Bacillus cereus is a well-known cause of food-borne illness, but infection with this organism is not commonly reported because of its usually mild symptoms. A fatal case due to liver failure after the consumption of pasta salad is described and demonstrates the possible severity of the emetic syndrome.
The CDC25 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae promotes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to ras. (1991)

The product of the CDC25 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in its capacity as an activator of the RAS/cyclic AMP pathway, is required for initiation of the cell cycle. In this report, we provide an identification of Cdc25p, the product of the CDC25 gene, and evidence that it promotes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras in vitro. Extracts of strains containing high levels of Cdc25p catalyze both removal of GDP from and the concurrent binding of GTP to Ras. This same activity is also obtained with an immunopurified Cdc25p-beta-galactosidase fusion protein, suggesting that Cdc25p participates directly in the exchange reaction. This biochemical activity is consistent with previous genetic analysis of CDC25 function.
Design of an optimal placement algorithm for large scale Photovoltaic in sub-transmission networks (2014)

Integration of solar energy based large scale Photovoltaic (PV) unit offers significant benefits to power system. Since PV units can be installed close to load centres, improvement in reliability of network by reducing power loss and decrease in greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved. The operational characteristics and dynamics of the existing networks will be significantly influenced in near future by the continual increase in the penetration level of large scale PV. Thus, the location and sizing issues of large scale PV need to be appropriately addressed. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to identify the optimal location and size of large scale PV in sub-transmission networks to reduce reactive power losses. The preliminary section of this paper provides literature review with specifications of IEEE 14 and 30 bus networks. Afterwards, the proposed three point loss comparison method based on exact loss formula and perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm has been described. Then, the proposed methodology has been tested on IEEE networks. The conclusion section summarizes key findings.
Effects of temperature, light and pH on photosynthesis, and of light--dark cycle on growth rate and biomass of Scrippsiella trochoidea and Alexandrium tamarense (2004)

The effects of temperature, light intensity and pH on photosynthesis of Scrippsiella trochoidea and Alexandrium tamarense were investigated. The effects of light-dark cycle on growth rate and biomass were investigated by cultivation of the two algae under different photo phases. These two algae were sensitive to temperature, suitable temperature 17-25℃, and the optimal temperature 20-22℃. They could not grow when the temperature was below 10℃ or above 30℃. The saturation light intensity for S. trochoidea and A. tamarense were 400 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1) and 650 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1), respectively, both of them were adaptable to high light intensity. These two algae were very sensitive to pH, suitable pH 7.0-9.0, and the optimal pH 7.5-8.0, which were accordant to that of the sea water. The photosynthesis of these two algae were not effective when pH was above 9.5, pH10.0 was deadly to them. Growth rate and biomass increased with the extension of photo phase in certain range.