gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activity of Plasma Membrane-recruited Raf-1 Is Regulated by Ras via the Raf Zinc Finger (1997)

Ras recruits Raf to the plasma membrane for activation by a combination of tyrosine phosphorylation and other as yet undefined mechanism(s). We show here that the Raf zinc finger is not required for plasma membrane recruitment of Raf by Ras but is essential for full activation of Raf at the plasma membrane. Membrane targeting cannot compensate for the absence of the zinc finger. One facet of the zinc finger activation defect is revealed using a constitutively activated Raf mutant. Targeting Raf Y340D,Y341D to the plasma membrane increments activity, but full activation requires coexpression with activated Ras. This sensitivity to regulation by Ras at the plasma membrane is abrogated by mutations in the Raf zinc finger but is unaffected by mutation of the minimal Ras binding domain. These data show for the first time that Ras has two separate roles in Raf activation: recruitment of Raf to the plasma membrane through an interaction with the minimal Ras binding domain and activation of membrane-localized Raf via a mechanism that requires the Raf zinc finger.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–associated Coronavirus Infection (2003)

Whether severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection can be asymptomatic is unclear. We examined the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV among 674 healthcare workers from a hospital in which a SARS outbreak had occurred. A total of 353 (52%) experienced mild self-limiting illnesses, and 321 (48%) were asymptomatic throughout the course of these observations. None of these healthcare workers had antibody to SARS CoV, indicating that subclinical or mild infection attributable to SARS-CoV in adults is rare.
How to treat elderly patients with multiple myeloma: combination of therapy or sequencing (2009)

Patients with multiple myeloma aged older than 65 years have traditionally received an oral regimen combining melphalan and prednisone (MP). The introduction of novel agents, such as immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors, has substantially changed the treatment paradigm of this disease. Five randomized phase III studies, comparing MP plus thalidomide (MPT) versus MP, have shown that MPT increased time to progression (TTP); however, only two of these five studies showed improvement in overall survival (OS). One randomized study has shown that MP plus bortezomib (MPV) increases both TTP and OS compared with MP. Both MPT and MPV are now regarded as the new standards of care for elderly patients. Other promising results have been reported with MP plus lenalidomide or lenalidomide plus dexamethasone, or the combination of cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone. Reduced-intensity transplantation can be an option for some patients, especially when novel agents are incorporated into pre-transplant induction and post-transplant consolidation. For patients aged older than 75 years a gentler approach should be used, and doses of standard MPT or MPV should be reduced. An accurate management of treatment-related adverse events with prompt dose-reduction can greatly reduce the rate of early discontinuation and significantly improve treatment efficacy. The choice of treatment should be tailored according to the patient's biologic age and comorbidities, and the expected toxicity profile of the regimen.
Glucagon regulation of protein phosphorylation. Identification of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase as a substrate. (1979)

A hormonally induced change in the covalent phosphorylation state of several enzymes is generally regarded as an important mechanism for hormonal modulation of enzyme activity. We have previously demonstrated that epinephrine stimulates the phosphorylation of a peptide of Mr = 220,000 in adipocytes. Incubation of 32P-labeled cytosolic proteins from adipocytes and hepatocytes with antisera raised against homogeneous chicken and rat liver acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase results in the specific and complete precipitation of the same phosphopeptide. No other major phosphopeptide is specifically precipitated. In hepatocytes, glucagon stimulates the incorporation of 32P into this peptide associated with an inhibition of enzyme activity. These data, coupled with previous studies in adipocytes, suggest that cyclic AMP-dependent protein phosphorylation plays a major role in the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity and of fatty acid biosynthesis in adipose tissue and liver.
Neonatal Circumcision and Pain Relief: Current Training Practices (1998)

Residency training standards are not consistent for pediatric, family practice, and obstetrical residents with regard to neonatal circumcision or instruction in analgesia/anesthesia for the procedure. Training with regard to pain relief is clearly inadequate for what remains a common surgical procedure in the United States. Given the overwhelming evidence that neonatal circumcision is painful and the existence of safe and effective anesthesia/analgesia methods, residency training in neonatal circumcision should include instruction in pain relief techniques.
Cellulose Hydrolysis Under Extremely Low Sulfuric Acid and High-Temperature Conditions (2001)

The kinetics of cellulose hydrolysis under extremely low acid (ELA) conditions (0.07 wt%) and at temperatures >200 degrees C was investigated using batch reactors and bed-shrinking flow-through (BSFT) reactors. The maximum yield of glucose obtained from batch reactor experiments was about 60% for alpha-cellulose, which occurred at 205 and 220 degrees C. The maximum glucose yields from yellow poplar feedstocks were substantially lower, falling in the range of 26-50%. With yellow poplar feedstocks, a large amount of glucose was unaccounted for at the latter phase of the batch reactions. It appears that a substantial amount of released glucose condenses with nonglucosidic substances in liquid. The rate of glucan hydrolysis under ELA was relatively insensitive to temperature in batch experiments for all three substrates. This contradicts the traditional concept of cellulose hydrolysis and implies that additional factors influence the hydrolysis of glucan under ELA. In experiments using BSFT reactors, the glucose yields of 87.5, 90.3, and 90.8% were obtained for yellow poplar feedstocks at 205, 220, and 235 degrees C, respectively. The hydrolysis rate for glucan was about three times higher with the BSFT than with the batch reactors. The difference of observed kinetics and performance data between the BSFT and the batch reactors was far above that predicted by the reactor theory.
Construction of Multiplicative Monotone Span Program. (2013)

Abstract. Multiplicative monotone span program is one of the impor-tant tools to realize secure multiparty computation. It is essential to construct multiplicative monotone span programs for secure multiparty computations. For any access structure, Cramer et al. gave a method to construct multiplicative monotone span programs, but its row size became double, and the column size also increased. In this paper, we propose a new construction which can get a multiplicative monotone span program with the row size less than double without changing the column size.
Subcephalic Muscles and Intracranial Joints of Sarcopterygian and Other Fishes (1970)

The subcephalic muscle of Latimeria probably was derived from one or more anterior body myomeres such as occur in Recent polypterids. In early gnathostomes this musculature primitively may have spanned the division (fissura occipitalis lateralis) between otic (paleocranial) and occipital (neocranial) regions of the neurocranium, and may have shifted forward, segmenting off as a distinct muscle, in relation to the appearance of the new and relatively advanced intracranial joint of primitive sarcopterygians.
Structure and Properties of the Condensed Phosphates. IV. Complex Ion Formation in Polyphosphate Solutions (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and Properties of the Condensed Phosphates. IV. Complex Ion Formation in Polyphosphate SolutionsJohn R. Van Wazer and Doris A. CampanellaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 2, 655–663Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01158a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01158a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views831Altmetric-Citations153LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pyrolysis of 2H-naphth[1,8-cd]isothiazole 1,1-dioxide and its 2-phenyl analog (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrolysis of 2H-naphth[1,8-cd]isothiazole 1,1-dioxide and its 2-phenyl analogD. C. De Jongh and G. N. EvensonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 13, 2152–2154Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00978a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00978a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic Skin Segmentation for Gesture Recognition Combining Region and Support Vector Machine Active Learning. (2006)

Skin segmentation is the cornerstone of many applications such as gesture recognition, face detection, and objectionable image filtering. In this paper, we attempt to address the skin segmentation problem for gesture recognition. Initially, given a gesture video sequence, a generic skin model is applied to the first couple of frames to automatically collect the training data. Then, an SVM classifier based on active learning is used to identify the skin pixels. Finally, the results are improved by incorporating region segmentation. The proposed algorithm is fully automatic and adaptive to different signers. We have tested our approach on the ECHO database. Comparing with other existing algorithms, our method could achieve better performance.
Geobiodiversity Database (GBDB) in stratigraphic, palaeontological and palaeogeographic research: graptolites as an example (2014)

The Geobiodiversity Database (GBDB) Project is dedicated to the construction and maintenance of a web-enabled taxonomic, stratigraphic and geographic database for information gathered from the fossil record. Its goal is to facilitate regional and global scientific collaborations focused on studying the history, diversity, geography and environmental context of life on Earth. After 7 years of development, its abundant data resources and diverse integrated functions make it a useful platform for stratigraphic, palaeontological and palaeogeographic analysis. Graptolites are the first major fossil group that has been the focus of our efforts to compile, standardize, digitize and analyse over the past several years. Here, we use the graptolite group as an example to introduce the major data resources and functionality of the GBDB.
High performance ZnO nanowire field effect transistor using self-aligned nanogap gate electrodes (2006)

A field effect transistor (FET) using a zinc oxide nanowire with significantly enhanced performance is demonstrated. The device consists of single nanowire and self-aligned gate electrodes with well defined nanosize gaps separating them from the suspended nanowire. The fabricated FET exhibits excellent performance with a transconductance of 3.06μS, a field effect mobility of 928cm2∕Vs, and an on/off current ratio of 106. The electrical characteristics are the best obtained to date for a ZnO transistor. The FET has a n-type channel and operates in enhancement mode. The results are close to those reported previously for p-type carbon nanotube (CNT) FETs. This raises the possibility of using ZnO as the n-type FET with a CNT as the p-type FET in nanoscale complementary logic circuits.
Diagonal Phase Errors Affecting Optical Intensity in Phase Defect Repair Elements (1993)

The phase shift method (PSM) improves practical resolution in optical lithography, but phase defects in masks significantly degrade image integrity. Mask repair reduces the effects of these defects by satisfying both phase step and diagonal phase conditions. Repair methods optimized for phase defects of π/2 and π are discussed. Analysis of diagonal phases in the vicinity of defects has been used to determine the approprinate conditions for restoring optical intensity. Repair elements are produced using a simple focused ion beam (FIB) milling process. The location and phase of each repair element are optimized to reduce the required number of repair elements. Effectiveness of the repair technique is verified using an i-line resist process.
Therapeutic Potential of GPR120 Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTTherapeutic Potential of GPR120 Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 DiabetesAhmed F. Abdel-Magid*View Author Information Therachem Research Medilab (India) Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur, India*Address: 1383 Jasper Drive, Ambler, Pennsylvania 19002, United States. Tel: 215-913-7202. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2015, 6, 11, 1097–1098Publication Date (Web):October 16, 2015Publication History Received6 October 2015Published online16 October 2015Published inissue 12 November 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00392https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00392editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2055Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (504 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Diabetes,Peptides and proteins,Receptors,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
Real interest rates, inflation and the term structure of interest rates. (1998)

Chapter one proposes a new model for estimating economic agents' anticipation of the real rate of interest. It decomposes the nominal short term interest rate into an ex ante real interest rate and an expected inflation rate, according to Fisher's equation. Assume the ex ante real interest rate follows an autoregressive structure and inflation follows an IMA(1,1) process. Using the information in the nominal short term interest rate and the inflation series, the ex ante real interest rate is estimated by maximum likelihood using the Kalman filter to calculate the likelihood function. The results show that the time series of estimates of the ex ante real interest rate extracted from the model rejects the random-walk hypothesis at the 1% significance level. Chapter two proposes a model to extract the dynamic structure of inflation and the real interest rate contained in the term structure under the expectations hypothesis. Six different models are used to investigate this issue. This paper uses quarterly data from 1960:1 to 1991:1 for inflation, three month nominal short term interest rates and long term yields with maturities from one to five years. The models are estimated by maximum likelihood, using Kalman filtering. The results imply that the expectations hypothesis of the term structure of interest rates can only be reconciled with the data with a random-walk real interest rate and a time-varying term premium. Chapter three takes a different approach to explore the implications of the expectations hypothesis. It models inflation and short term real interest rates using a technique that allows for changes in regimes. This paper examines whether persistent shifts in the term premium can be eliminated after taking into account the regime shifts in the processes for inflation and real interest rates. The result shows that the regime-switching model does not reconcile the data with the expectations hypothesis. However it also suggests that persistence of the term premium obtained from a fixed-coefficient ARIMA model may be due in part to systematic forecast errors that are eliminated by allowing for regime changes.
Mystery Customer Research: Cognitive Processes Affecting Accuracy (1997)

Mystery customer research and factors associated with memory likely to influence its accuracy
The Vasomotor Activities of the Nasal Mucous Membrane (1959)

SINCE the time of Harvey knowledge of the circulation of the blood has increased to such an extent that the literature on the subject is now vast. From this knowledge has been derived the underlying principles governing the medical and surgical management of functional and organic disorders of the heart and of the blood vessels in most parts of the body. The nose, despite its anatomical prominence, has been very much neglected in this quest because fatal or disabling diseases were naturally given priority of attention.
Design rule check on the clock gating logic for testability and beyond (2013)

The paper describes clock gating structures in practice that can impact the testability and cause silicon failure due to the race condition or timing uncertainty such as voltage droop and the process variations. The design rule check (DRC) algorithm is presented to efficiently and robustly identify such problematic structures. Furthermore, the automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) method is proposed to handle the design with such rule violations to prevent simulation mismatches while minimizing the test coverage lost.
Catalysis by solid superacids. 21. Nafion-H catalyzed de-tert-butylation of aromatic compounds (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCatalysis by solid superacids. 21. Nafion-H catalyzed de-tert-butylation of aromatic compoundsGeorge A. Olah, G. K. Surya Prakash, Pradeep S. Iyer, Masashi Tashiro, and Takehiko YamatoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 9, 1881–1884Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00385a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00385a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1085Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
TCBC: Trap Caching Bounds Checking for C (2009)

In this paper, we propose a debugging technique for C, which can dynamically find boundary errors on strings in a highly-compatible, accurate and efficient manner. The main idea of our technique is to effectively keep track of hazardous memory bounds (called trap regions) using a small table (called a trap cache) on the static section of the instrumented program. We have implemented our technique as an extension of GCC4.1.1 and conducted experiments. The results show that our technique was easily applicable even to large real programs including Apache 1.3.37 and Linux 2.6.20.4 without requiring significant manual effort, it successfully detected all of ten known boundary errors in them with no false positives, and it incurred low run-time overheads (average 17%) for their benchmarks.
An ion-exchange process with thermal regeneration. V. Multistage operation (1966)

Multistage column experiments have been performed using a mixed bed of finely divided weakly acidic and weakly basic ion-exchange resins with thermal regeneration of the resins at 80º. A product water fraction with a concentration of 200- 250 p.p.m. can be obtained using such a column from a feed water containing 1000 p.p.m. of sodium chloride. When the same feed water is used as the regenerant at 803 an effluent having a peak concentration of about 5000 p.p.m. can be obtained. A solution of 1000 p.p.m. magnesium sulphate can be similarly demineralized. The performance of the resin column is highly dependent on the pH value to which it has been buffered by prior treatment with acid or alkali. It is also shown that thermal regeneration is feasible when the resins are used in a softening cycle.