gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intramolecular nucleophilic participation. VIII. Acetolysis of o- and p-nitro- and o- and p-carbophenoxybenzhydryl bromides (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular nucleophilic participation. VIII. Acetolysis of o- and p-nitro- and o- and p-carbophenoxybenzhydryl bromidesSija Kim, Sevgi S. Friedrich, Lawrence J. Andrews, and Raymond M. KeeferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 18, 5452–5456Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00721a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00721a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views728Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intrinsic piezoelectric characterization of PVDF copolymers: Determination of elastic constants (1995)

Abstract In hydrophone applications, PVDF and its copolymers provide high sensitivity because of their high piezoelectric voltage coefficient gh and large figure of merit dhgh. By mechanically clamping the surface of the sample perpendicular to the poling direction, the piezoelectric response perpendicular to the poling direction can be greatly reduced. The hydrostatic coefficient dc h and gc h of clamped samples can be increased significantly over the coefficients dh and gh of free samples. In this paper, two models based on the constitutive equations were evaluated. The experimental results are in good agreement with the calculations.
Laser Assited Doping for Photovoltaic Applications (2009)

We successfully demonstrate, incorporation of phosphorus and boron in silicon using an IR semiconductor diode laser (=940 nm) in ambient air. Commercially available transparent spin on dopants were used to obtain surface concentrations higher than 5 x 10 19 atoms/cm 3 with junction depths ranging from 20 nm to 3 microns at laser operating powers of 25-39 Watts. Sheet resistances values of ~5 ohms / sq were observed for both p type and n type doping. It was also observed that the crystalline nature of the silicon was preserved and the surface remained smooth.
Investigation of the Electrohydraulic Forming Process with respect to the Design of Sharp Edged Contours (2010)

The overcoming of design constraints with respect to forming of sharply contoured sheet metal workpieces made of high strength steel or other materials which are difficult to form is an important aspect in sheet metal part production. One interesting solution to extend existing forming limits can be the use of electrohydraulic forming as single forming operation or in combination with quasi-static hydroforming. Apart from promising results regarding the feasible part geometries this process allows a quite efficient production due to its potential to reduce equipment expenses. Current research work at the Chair of Forming and Machining Technology (LUF) at Paderborn University deals with a comparison of investigations on both processes, quasistatic and high speed hydroforming. Recent results show an adequate comparison of achievable edge radii using an oblong die geometry and sheet metal made of thin stainless steel. It can be seen that when using electrohydraulic forming an increase of discharge energy leads to smaller radii than achievable by quasi-static hydroforming. An additional potential can be seen in the process characteristic itself because the very short pressure pulse allows a significant reduction of locking forces using only the inertia of the tooling mass.
Abnormal function of high‐density lipoprotein is associated with poor disease control and an altered protein cargo in rheumatoid arthritis (2009)

Proinflammatory HDL in this RA patient cohort was associated with active disease and an altered protein cargo as compared with antiinflammatory HDL in RA patients and in healthy controls. The antiinflammatory function of HDL was inversely correlated with systemic inflammation in RA patients and may warrant further investigation as a mechanism by which active RA increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
State estimation in process tomography—Three‐dimensional impedance imaging of moving fluids (2007)

Abstract In this paper, we consider three‐dimensional impedance imaging of rapidly varying objects. We especially concentrate on the case where the target is a moving fluid and the objective is to track the concentration distribution of a substance dissolved in the fluid. The observations are made as in ordinary electrical impedance tomography (EIT), but in the reconstruction we employ the convection–diffusion model to yield information on the temporal behavior of the object. The observation model of EIT together with the evolution model constitute the state‐space representation of the system, and the reconstruction problem of EIT can be described as a state estimation problem. The state estimation problem is solved using the Kalman filter and the fixed‐interval smoother algorithms. The performance of the state estimation approach is evaluated in a simulation study. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[Clinical comparison of different replacement milk formulas in children with allergies to cow's milk proteins. 24-month follow-up study]. (1996)

The elective treatment for allergy to cow's milk protein is the elimination of these proteins from the diet. The present study with a follow-up of over two years took the form of a comparison between different replacement formulas based on soya (group A), hydrolysate of soya and bovine collagen (group B), and hydrolysate of casein (group C), randomly administered to 55 children (30 males and 25 females, aged between 2-48 months) with documented allergy to cow's milk proteins, but with different clinical symptoms. Tests to evaluate the acquisition of clinical tolerance to cow's milk proteins were performed using a day-hospital regime every 6 months. Sensitivity reactions were observed in 22% of cases in group A, 8% in group B and 37.5% in group C. It is worth underlining that 5 of the 6 children with reactions to soya protein then showed an excellent tolerance to hydrolysate of soya when it was administered subsequently until tolerance was achieved. Weight and statutory growth was uniformly good in all three groups. A high percentage of children achieved tolerance after 24 months (72%); the mean time taken to acquire clinical tolerance was 11.6 +/- 4.8 in group A, 11.6 +/- 6.02 in group B, and 14 +/- 5.6 in group C. No correlation was found between the type of initial symptoms, age at onset, method of response to first challenge and the time taken to acquire tolerance.
Polyphenols in olive oils (1981)

Abstract The levels of total polyphenols and o‐diphenols were determined in virgin oils and in chloroform/methanol‐extracted oils. The solventextracted oils were richer in polyphenols than the virgin oils. High polyphenol content was associated with a high resistance to oxidation of the oils. A linear relationship was found between polyphenol content and the oxidative stability of the virgin oils during storage at 60 C. After removal of the polyphenols, the oxidative stability of the oils decreased considerably and seemed to depend on polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration.
Different levels of p38 MAP kinase activity mediate distinct biological effects in primary human erythroid progenitors (2003)

There have been conflicting reports regarding the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis in erythroid cell lines. We have, therefore, examined the functions of this kinase in primary human erythroid progenitors. Cells in steady-state culture showed low-level p38 MAPK activity, which decreased further within 1 h of growth factor withdrawal and increased over a limited range within minutes of re-exposure of cells to erythropoietin or stem cell factor, demonstrating the link between low-level p38 MAPK activity and the prevailing growth factor milieu. Use of the p38 MAPK-specific inhibitor SB203580 demonstrated that this level of activity was necessary for (1) optimal proliferation, (2) erythroid burst-forming unit migration and (3) full upregulation of E-cadherin and CD36 expression, but not haemoglobin A or glycophorin A expression, during human erythroid differentiation. In contrast, cells deprived of growth factors for an 8-h period, following a transient decrease in p38 MAPK activity, demonstrated sustained, substantial and caspase-independent increases in p38 MAPK activity, and its blockade using SB203580 reduced the proportion of erythroblasts undergoing apoptosis by 40 +/- 7%, demonstrating a role for p38 MAPK in apoptosis induction in human erythroblasts. Thus, in primary human erythroblasts, different environmental conditions induce different levels of p38 MAPK activity, which have distinct functions.
Synthesis of benzothiazoles. .alpha.-Amino-(4-hydroxy-6-benzothiazolyl)propionic acid (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of benzothiazoles. .alpha.-Amino-(4-hydroxy-6-benzothiazolyl)propionic acidIbrahim A. Ismail, Dale E. Sharp, and Miles R. ChedekelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 11, 2243–2246Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01299a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01299a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views847Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Image Transmission by a Step-Index Multimode Fiber (1982)

We have demonstrated the transmission of two-dimensional images by the use of a single piece of step-index multimode fiber. We have used a pair of slits in front of and behind the fiber and those slits were rotated simultaneously to eliminate skew rays. In each direction of the slits, light from the associated position of the point source was transmitted through the fiber and the image was reconstructed on film. The result shows the applicability of this method of eliminating skew rays to transmit a two-dimensional image through a piece of step-index multimode fiber. Some degradations on the image quality might be eliminated by improving the set up or using computer processing.
Binding of Mammalian Ribosomal Protein Complex P0·P1·P2 and Protein L12 to the GTPase-associated Domain of 28 S Ribosomal RNA and Effect on the Accessibility to Anti-28 S RNA Autoantibody (1997)

We have investigated binding of rat ribosomal proteins to the "GTPase domain" of 28 S rRNA and its effect on accessibility to the anti-28 S autoantibody, which recognizes a unique tertiary structure of this RNA domain. Ribosomal protein L12 and P protein complex (P complex) consisting of P0, P1, and P2 both bound to the GTPase domain of rat 28 S rRNA in a buffer containing Mg2. Chemical footprinting analysis of their binding sites revealed that the P complex mainly protected a conserved internal loop region comprising residues 1855-1861 and 1920-1922, whereas L12 protected an adjacent helix region encompassing residues 1867-1878 and 1887-1899. These sites are close to but distinct from the binding site for anti-28 S antibody determined previously. The bindings of P complex and L12 increased the anti-28 S accessibility, as revealed by gel retardation and quantitative immunoprecipitation analyses. In a Mg2+-eliminated condition, the RNA failed to bind to either anti-28 S or L12 but assembled into a complex under their coexistence. However, the RNA retained a property of binding to the P complex even in the absence of Mg2+, and this binding conferred high anti-28 S accessibility. These results indicated that the bindings of the P complex and L12 to their respective sites influenced the GTPase domain to increase the accessibility to anti-28 S. A possible RNA conformation adjusted by the protein bindings is discussed.
Oxygen-Sputtered Tungsten Oxide Thin Films for Enhanced Electrochromic Properties (2006)

This paper reports an enhanced coloration in amorphous stoichiometric tungsten oxide thin films prepared by pulsed dc magnetron sputtering of metallic tungsten with oxygen as sputter gas. The films prepared at higher oxygen pressure have high coloration efficiency , large optical modulation and faster switching speed ( at ). The work function of the virgin and the colored tungsten oxide thin films measured by Kelvin probe are 4.91 and , respectively. The coloration process conforms to the recent theory based on an "extended site saturation model."
Drastic suppression of thermally induced leakage of NiSi silicided shallow junctions by pre-SALICIDE fluorine implantation (2005)

Thermally unstable NiSi films on shallow junctions are known to induce large leakage current on heat stimulus. Thus, a sensitive and comparative investigation is conducted on efficiency of leakage suppression by pre-SALICIDE ion implantation (PSII) for NiSi formation. F-PSII is found to be greatly superior to N-PSII. Unlike N-PSII, F-PSII drastically reduces the leakage without causing any major disturbances to critical CMOS characteristics. Leakage suppression up to 6 orders of magnitude is successfully attained.
Avian influenza viruses in poultry products: a review (2009)

The extensive circulation of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, and the human health threat that it poses, has raised concerns over the food safety implications of this virus infecting poultry. In addition, among the most important risk factors for the possible emergence of avian influenza in the European Union and the United States, the European and Food Safety Agency and the US Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, respectively, have identified legal and illegal importations of infected poultry commodities. The present paper reviews existing knowledge on the presence of viable avian influenza viruses in poultry commodities.
Fine specificity of the antibody response to a synthetic peptide from the fusion protein and protection against measles virus-induced encephalitis in a mouse model. (1997)

A synthetic peptide representing residues 397-420 from the measles virus (MV) fusion (F) protein was tested for its structure, immunogenicity and protective capacity against intracerebral challenge with a neuroadapted strain of MV. Analysis of the peptide by mass spectrometry showed that it was linear, despite the presence of two cysteine residues in the sequence. Circular dichroism spectroscopy highlighted a weak preference for the peptide to adopt an alpha-helical conformation. The peptide was shown to be immunogenic in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice after intraperitoneal immunization in Freund's adjuvant, and anti-peptide antibodies from both strains of mice reacted with the MV as a solid phase antigen on an ELISA plate. When the fine specificity of the anti-peptide antibody response was examined using overlapping 8-mer peptides, serum antibodies from BALB/c mice recognized the region between residues 407-417 whereas antibodies from C57BL/6 mice recognized the region 408-420 of the 397-420 peptide sequence. Although anti-397-420 antibodies had no demonstrable neutralizing activity, protection against challenge with a neuroadapted strain of MV was demonstrated following active immunization with peptide in C57BL/6 mice or after passive transfer of anti-peptide antibodies in BALB/c mice. These findings highlight the importance of the 397-420 region in the induction of protective antibodies in the MV encephalitis mouse model, and suggest that this epitope might be a good candidate for inclusion in a future MV synthetic peptide vaccine.
Fertility Alteration in Male Sterile Line BS210 of Wheat (2017)

摘要：
Activated paper as an immunoabsorbent. (1975)

Some workers when using cyanogen bromide activated paper as a solid immunoabsorbent have reported variable success in radio immuno assays. A quantitative investigation has been made of some of the factors which effect the activation of various papers with CNBr, and also of the subsequent coupling reaction with the sensitizing antigen. Different papers have been found to react in different ways, and some papers take up so little antigen that they are unsuitable for use for this purpose.
Radar scattering from intermittently contacting metal targets (1977)

Radar returns from moving multielement metal targets often exhibit an unexpected modulation that has both random (or noise-like) and semicoherent components. One possible mechanism for producing this effect is the modification of the current distribution on the target that results when electrical contacts between target elements are altered intermittently by the forces associated with target motion. We propose that this mechanism can be modeled in terms of an impedance-loaded scatterer, and we present preliminary experimental results obtained using resonant dipole scatterers.
LOCAL BUSINESS TAXES: THEORY AND PRACTICE (1987)

LOCAL BUSINESS TAXES: THEORY AND PRACTICE Get access ROBERT J BENNETT ROBERT J BENNETT The London School of Economics and Political Science Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 3, Issue 2, SUMMER 1987, Pages 60–80, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/3.2.60 Published: 01 July 1987
Device Performance and Reliability Improvement for MOSFETs With $\hbox{HfO}_{2}$ Gate Dielectrics Fabricated Using Multideposition Room-Temperature Multiannealing (2011)

In this letter, a room-temperature multideposition multiannealing (MDMA) technique in ultraviolet ozone (UVO) ambient is applied to metal-gated (TiN) ALD HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gate dielectric. Compared to the conventional rapid thermal annealing, the nMOSFETs with UVO MDMA show superior properties, in terms of enhanced channel electron mobility, improved immunity to biased temperature instability, and reduced gate dielectric relaxation current. This is explained by the reduction of bulk oxide trap and interface trap density because of healing of oxygen vacancies ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Vo</i> ) after UVO MDMA annealing. The novel room-temperature UVO annealing is thus proposed to be a promising technique to enhance the gate stack integrity in a gate-last integration scheme.
Multi‐layer phosphor thin films (1997)

Abstract— A study of thin films produced by aerosol‐spray pyrolysis for low‐voltage CRT applications is reported. Thin films of ZnO: Zn and Y 2 O 3 :Eu were deposited as single films or in combination with interlayers of SnO 2 , ZnO, and Y 2 O 3 . The simple layers showed that good luminescent characteristics could be obtained from ZnO: Zn and Y 2 O 3 :Eu with luminances of about 90 and 170 fL, respectively (1500 eV; 5 μA; e‐beam diameter, 1.41 mm). The structure of these films, however, differed very greatly. The ZnO were paniculate with grains of less than 1 μm, while the Y 2 O 3 :Eu showed no granular structure. When thin films were tested, no evidence for dead layers was seen down to 0.15 μm. The introduction of interlayers of SnO 2 yielded improved results. It may be concluded that aerosol deposition methods show considerable potential in the preparation of multicoloured displays.
Comparison of the Photovoltaic Characteristics and Nanostructure of Fullerenes Blended with Conjugated Polymers with Siloxane-Terminated and Branched Aliphatic Side Chains (2012)

All-organic bulk heterojunction solar cells based on blends of conjugated polymers with fullerenes have recently surpassed the 8% efficiency mark and are well on their way to the industrially relevant ∼15% threshold. Using a low band-gap conjugated polymer, we have recently shown that polymer side chain engineering can lead to dramatic improvement in the in-plane charge carrier mobility. In this article, we investigate the effectiveness of siloxy side chain derivatization in controlling the photovoltaic performance of polymer:[6,6]-phenyl-C[71]-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blends and hence its influence on charge transport in the out-of-plane direction relevant for organic solar cells. We find that, in neat blends, the photocurrent of the polymer with siloxy side chains (PII2T-Si) is 4 times greater than that in blends using the polymer with branched aliphatic side chains (PII2T-ref). This difference is due to a larger out-of-plane hole mobility for PII2T-Si brought about by a largely face-on crystallite orientation as well as more optimal nanoscale polymer:PC71BM mixing. However, upon incorporating a common processing additive, 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO), into the spin-casting blend solution and following optimization, the PII2T-ref:PC71BM OPV device performance undergoes a large improvement and becomes the better-performing device, almost independent of DIO concentration (>1%). We find that the precise amount of DIO plays a larger role in determining the efficiency of PII2T-Si:PC71BM, and even at its maximum, the device performance lags behind optimized PII2T-ref:PC71BM blends. Using a combination of atomic force microscopy and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, we are able to elucidate the morphological modifications associated with the DIO-induced changes in both the nanoscale morphology and the molecular packing in blend films.
A low-cost multichannel analyzer with data reduction assembly for continuous air monitoring system (1992)

The objective of the research discussed is to design and develop a microcontroller-based multichannel analyzer (MCA) with a data reduction assembly (DRA) for a plutonium continuous air monitor (CAM) system. The MCA is capable of detecting the airborne alpha emitters in the presence of radon daughter products. The pulse output from the preamplifier has been stretched to allow the peak detector sufficient time to capture the pulse height. The pulse amplitude conversion, the data acquisition, and the output functions are carried out fully by software. The DRA consists of a data reduction unit (DRU) and its operator interface panel. The data reduction assembly has the ability to be networked to a single PC with up to 32 different CAMs remotely connected to it.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>