gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leptin receptor activation of SH2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 modulates Ob receptor signal transduction (1999)

Leptin exerts its weight-reducing effects by binding to its receptor and activating signal transduction in hypothalamic neurons and other cell types. To identify the components of the leptin signal transduction pathway, an approach was developed in which bacterially expressed phosphorylated fragments of Ob receptor b (Ob-Rb) were used as affinity agents. Leptin binding to the Ob-Rb form of the leptin receptor leads to tyrosyl phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of its receptor. Two of the three cytoplasmic tyrosines of Ob-Rb, at positions 985 and 1138, are phosphorylated after leptin treatment. Affinity chromatography using a tyrosine-phosphorylated fragment spanning Tyr 985 of Ob-Rb was used to identify proteins that bind to this site. The SH2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) was isolated from bovine and mouse hypothalamus by using this method. After cotransfection of Ob-Rb, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), and SHP-2 into 293T cells, leptin results in direct binding of SHP-2 to the phosphorylated Tyr 985. The bound SHP-2 is itself tyrosine phosphorylated after leptin treatment. SHP-2 is not phosphorylated after leptin treatment when a Y-->F 985 receptor mutant is cotransfected. In the absence of SHP-2 phosphorylation, the level of JAK2 phosphorylation was increased. Tyrosyl phosphorylation of the leptin receptor and signal transducer and activater of transcription 3 (STAT3) are not affected by phosphorylation of SHP-2. These data suggest that activation of SHP-2 by the leptin receptor results in a decreased phosphorylation of JAK2 and may act to attenuate leptin signal transduction. The method used in this report can in principle be used to isolate additional components of the leptin, or other, signal transduction pathway.
Reactions and wetting properties of 1:1 perfluoroalkyl allyl and methallyl ether–maleic anhydride copolymers (1974)

Abstract Polymers with fluoroalkyl side‐groups on three of every four carbon atoms along the polymer main chain were made by treating 1 : 1 copolymers of perfluoroallyl (or methallyl)ethers and maleic anhydride with SF 4 , and then esterifying the resulting acid fluoride groups with 1H, 1H‐pentadecafluorooctanol. Surface wettability of these polymers by polar and non‐polar liquids was studied. The critical surface tension (γ c ) was found by Zisman's method. The dispersion force component of polymer surface energy (γ s D ) and the polar component of surface energy (γ s p ) were calculated by the respective methods of Fowkes and Owens. The γ c values for several of the highly fluorinated polymers were lower than previously reported for any fluoropolymer but not so low as has been observed for the surface of an oriented perfluoroacid monolayer. In the range 11.4–18.5 dyne/cm, γ c approximates γ s D for the fluorinated surfaces; however at lower γ c values, considerable difference between γ c and γ s D was noted.
Measuring System for Cracks in Concrete Using Multitemporal Images (2006)

In this paper we discuss a semiautomatic measuring system that can extract images of cracks in the surface of concrete from multitemporal images. An accuracy assessment and analysis of the relationship between expansion of the concrete and crack width are also included. The proposed scheme is comprised of four major components: (1) imaging geometry modeling for camera calibration; (2) initialization and skeletonization of cracks using the developed graphical user interface; (3) automatic crack tracing and width determination; and (4) multitemporal image processing and analysis. The experimental results indicate that the consistency of crack widths between the automatic extraction method and the manual measurement method could reach 0.05mm or better.
Hybrid Compensation of Nonlinear Effects in Coherent Optical Receivers (2012)

We present performance improvements in nonlinear regime of long-haul transmission systems. In several transmission scenarios based on offline data MLSE, simplified BP, modified NPCC, carrier recovery optimization and combinations thereof show improvement up to 1.8dB.
<title>DISC: the dynamic instruction set computer</title> (1995)

A dynamic instruction set computer (DISC) has been developed to support demand-driven instruction set modification. Using partial reconfiguration, DISC pages instruction modules in and out of an FPGA as demanded by the executing program. Instructions occupy FPGA resources only when needed and FPGA resources can be reused to implement an arbitrary number of performance-enhancing application-specific instructions. DISC further enhances the functional density of FPGAs by physically relocating instruction modules to available FPGA space. An image processing application was developed on DISC to demonstrate the advanteges of paging application-specific instruction modules.
The Oriental Tipulidae in the Collection of the Indian Museum. Part I (1927)

No Abstract.
A practical approach to manage applications and prevent malware spreading in mobile environment (2014)

In this paper, we propose an App Quick Sieve/Verify Scheme (AQSVS) to improve the App safety/quality verification issue in the third-party or enterprise app market place. The concerns related to app store safety are of paramount interest as and an increasing number of malware and defective apps caused by Android fragmentation. The AQSVS based on the use of App package information and TF/IDF inverted index table to quick classify whether the app is a new app, an updated app or a repackaged app with a similarity scoring module and a testing engine to determine the app can be published or not. This solution improves the efficiency of the app testing process which is blocking the repackaged apps and apps with defects inside to publish in an app store.
A discriminative global training algorithm for statistical MT (2006)

This paper presents a novel training algorithm for a linearly-scored block sequence translation model. The key component is a new procedure to directly optimize the global scoring function used by a SMT decoder. No translation, language, or distortion model probabilities are used as in earlier work on SMT. Therefore our method, which employs less domain specific knowledge, is both simpler and more extensible than previous approaches. Moreover, the training procedure treats the decoder as a black-box, and thus can be used to optimize any decoding scheme. The training algorithm is evaluated on a standard Arabic-English translation task.
Colorimetric Measurement of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (1956)

Journal Article Colorimetric Measurement of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase Get access Philip Cabaud, M.D., Philip Cabaud, M.D. The Brooklyn Hospital, Brooklyn, and the Sloan-Kettering Institute of Memorial Center, New York, New York Dr. Cabaud is Associate Pathologist at the Brooklyn Hospital, and Dr. Leeper is Assistant Resident in Medicine. Dr. Wróblewski is Assistant, Sloan-Kettering Institute, and Assistant Attending Physician at Memorial Hospital, New York, N. Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Robert Leeper, M.D., Robert Leeper, M.D. The Brooklyn Hospital, Brooklyn, and the Sloan-Kettering Institute of Memorial Center, New York, New York Dr. Cabaud is Associate Pathologist at the Brooklyn Hospital, and Dr. Leeper is Assistant Resident in Medicine. Dr. Wróblewski is Assistant, Sloan-Kettering Institute, and Assistant Attending Physician at Memorial Hospital, New York, N. Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Felix WrÓBlewski, M.D. Felix WrÓBlewski, M.D. The Brooklyn Hospital, Brooklyn, and the Sloan-Kettering Institute of Memorial Center, New York, New York Dr. Cabaud is Associate Pathologist at the Brooklyn Hospital, and Dr. Leeper is Assistant Resident in Medicine. Dr. Wróblewski is Assistant, Sloan-Kettering Institute, and Assistant Attending Physician at Memorial Hospital, New York, N. Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 26, Issue 9_ts, September 1956, Pages 1101–1105, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/26.9_ts.1101 Published: 01 September 1956 Article history Received: 23 February 1956 Accepted: 01 May 1956 Published: 01 September 1956
Interactions of Insecticidal Toxin Gene Products from <i>Xenorhabdus nematophilus</i> PMFI296 (2003)

Four genes on a genomic fragment from Xenorhabdus nematophilus PMFI296 were shown to be involved in insecticidal activity towards three commercially important insect species. Each gene was expressed individually and in combinations in Escherichia coli, and the insecticidal activity of the lysates was determined. The combined four genes (xptA1, xptA2, xptB1, and xptC1), in E. coli, showed activity towards Pieris brassicae, Pieris rapae, and Heliothis virescens. The genes xptA1, xptB1, and xptC1 were involved in expressing activity towards P. rapae and P. brassicae, while the genes xptA2, xptB1, and xptC1 were needed for activity towards H. virescens. When each of these three genes was expressed individually in E. coli and the cell lysates were used in insect assays or mixed and then used, insecticidal activity was detected at a very low level. If the genes xptB1 and xptC1 were expressed in the same E. coli cell and this cell lysate was mixed with cells expressing xptA1, activity was restored to P. rapae and P. brassicae. Similarly mixing XptB1/C1 lysate with XptA2 lysate restored activity towards H. virescens. Individual gene disruptions in X. nematophilus PMFI296 reduced activity to insects; this activity was restored by complementation with cells expressing either xptA1 or xptA2 for their respective disruptions or E. coli expressing both xptB1 and xptC1 for individual disruptions of either of these genes. The genes xptA2, xptC1, and xptB1 were expressed as an operon in PMFI296 and inactivation of xptA2 or xptC1 resulted in silencing of downstream gene(s), while xptA1 was expressed as a single gene. Therefore, the two three gene product combinations interact with each other to produce good insecticidal activity.
Towards energy-efficient hybrid Fiber-Wireless Access Networks (2011)

In this paper, we present an energy efficient signaling framework which runs over the converged architecture of the conventional EPON and candidate 4G wireless access technologies. In the proposed framework, joint ONU-BS nodes form energy-saving pairs to enable one of the ONU modules in the pair to be in the sleep mode while the other ONU is handling the traffic forwarded by the BS module of the sleeping peer. By simulations, we show that significant energy saving is possible by putting a certain amount of the ONU-BS nodes in the sleep mode. Moreover, we show that our energy saving framework does not lead to a significant delay penalty.
Fast object localization and pose estimation in heavy clutter for robotic bin picking (2012)

We present a practical vision-based robotic bin-picking system that performs detection and three-dimensional pose estimation of objects in an unstructured bin using a novel camera design, picks up parts from the bin, and performs error detection and pose correction while the part is in the gripper. Two main innovations enable our system to achieve real-time robust and accurate operation. First, we use a multi-flash camera that extracts robust depth edges. Second, we introduce an efficient shape-matching algorithm called fast directional chamfer matching (FDCM), which is used to reliably detect objects and estimate their poses. FDCM improves the accuracy of chamfer matching by including edge orientation. It also achieves massive improvements in matching speed using line-segment approximations of edges, a three-dimensional distance transform, and directional integral images. We empirically show that these speedups, combined with the use of bounds in the spatial and hypothesis domains, give the algorithm sublinear computational complexity. We also apply our FDCM method to other applications in the context of deformable and articulated shape matching. In addition to significantly improving upon the accuracy of previous chamfer matching methods in all of the evaluated applications, FDCM is up to two orders of magnitude faster than the previous methods.
Thyroxine-Serum Protein Complexes in Various Animals (1962)

Thyroxine-protein interactions in a variety of vertebrate species of the Classes Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia and Pisces have been studied by electrophoresis in filter paper and starch gel. It has been found that a specific thyroxine-binding alphaglobulin occurs only in mammals. All other vertebrates probably have proteins capable of binding thyroxine less strongly. Intraspecies genetic variability in thyroxine-binding patterns may occur. Each animal should be investigated thoroughly by a variety of methods in order to comprehend fully the thyroxinebinding capabilities of its serum proteins.
The design of an interactive compiler for optimizing microprograms (1985)

Microprogramming has traditionally been done in assembly language because of the perceived need for fast execution; compiler technology does not yet exist for discovering and performing many of the clever tricks of an experienced microprogrammer. Unfortunately, programming at the machine-instruction level is both tedious and error-prone. A possible compromise between these two approaches is that of an interactive compiler, where the programmer guides the crafting of critical data structures and sections of code, while the compiler ensures that the resulting code has the same semantics as the original program, generates code where speed is not critical, and performs bookkeeping tasks. We are in the process of implementing a prototype of such a system. This paper describes the system being developed and discusses some of the key design issues.
Amino acid sequence of the light chain of bovine protein C. (1982)

The amino acid sequence of the heavy chain of protein C from bovine plasma is reported together with supporting data. The heavy chain contains 260 amino acid residues and it has three carbohydrate side chains. Its structure was determined by sequenator degradation of fragments obtained by enzymatic and chemical cleavage. The sequence is homologous with those of the other serine proteases. On activation, an NH2-terminal tetradecapeptide is removed.
Subcellular Location of Spodpotera Cell-expressed Human HepG2-type Glucose Transport Protein (2012)

The baculovirus/insect cell expression system is of great value for the large-scale production of normal and mutant mammalian passive glucose-transport proteins heterologously for structural and functional studies. In most mammalian cells that express HepG2, this transporter isoform is predominantly located at the cell surface. However, it had been reported that heterologous expression of other membrane proteins using the baculovirus system induced highly vacuolated cytoplasmic membranes. Therefore, how a cell responds to the synthesis of large amounts of a glycoprotein could be an interesting area for investigation. In order to examine the subcellular location of the human HepG2 transport proteins when expressed in insect cells, immunofluorescence studies were carried out. Insect cells were infected with the recombinant baculovirus AcNPVHIS-GT or with wild-type virus at a MOI of 5, or were not exposed to viral infection. A high level of fluorescence displayed in cells infected with the recombinant virus indicated that transporters are expressed abundantly and present on the surface of infected Sf21 cells. The evidence for the specificity of the immunostaining was strengthened by the negative results shown in the negative controls. Distribution of the transporter protein expressed in insect cells was further revealed by making a series of optical sections through an AcNPVHIS-GT-infected cell using a confocal microscope, which permits optical sectioning of cell sample. These sections displayed intense cytoplasmic immunofluorecence surrounding the region occupied by the enlarged nucleus, indicating that the expressed protein was present not only at the cell surface but also throughout the cytoplasmic membranous structures.
Artemis: Practical Runtime Monitoring of Applications for Errors (2005)

A number of hardware and software techniques have been proposed to detect dynamic program behaviors that may indicate a bug in a program. Because these techniques suffer from high overheads they are useful in finding bugs in programs before they are released, but are significantly less useful in finding the much harder to detect bugs in long-running programs – the bugs that are the most difficult to find using traditional techniques. In this paper we propose the Artemis compiler-based instrumentation framework that complements many pre-existing runtime monitoring techniques, yielding an average asymptotic lower bound on overhead of 11% on the seven SPEC benchmarks tested.
Endoscopic management of lung cancer with hematoporphyrin derivative phototherapy. (1982)

This paper demonstrates the potential use of hematoporphyrin derivative in the phototherapy of bronchogenic cancer. We report on 10 patients (a total of 11 carcinomas) with cancer involving the tracheobronchial tree who completed one course of this new treatment administered via the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope. Four superficial carcinomas showed a complete response; five larger carcinomas showed a partial response, Two patients, each with a large cancer extending beyond the bronchial wall, died within 11 days after treatment.
Multiprotein signalling complexes: regional assembly on heparan sulphate (2006)

Heparan sulphate (HS) is an abundant component of cell surfaces and the extracellular matrix. It binds to a wide variety of peptide growth factors, morphogens, chemokines and extracellular matrix proteins (e.g. fibronectin) and many of these interactions are essential for these effector proteins to transduce signals across the plasma membrane. The unique molecular design and flexibility of HS are essential for its ability to exert control over the cellular response to proteinaceous ligands. The clustering of sulphated sugar residues in a series of complex domains with variable sulphation patterns generates considerable diversity in the molecular fine structure of HS. This diversity reflects a high degree of selectivity in protein recognition and in the assembly of functional multiprotein complexes on the HS polymer chain.
Simulation graphs for reverse engineering (2015)

Reverse engineering is the extraction of word level information from a gate-level netlist. It has applications in formal verification, hardware trust, information recovery, and general technology mapping. A preprocessing step finds blocks in a circuit in which word level components are expected. A second step searches for word level components in these blocks. For this second step, we propose two variants of equivalence checking that consider subfunction containment. We propose algorithms to solve these variants by using subgraph isomorphism. A simulation graph (SG) is constructed for the block and for each library component, using a set of permutation-invariant simulation vectors for that component. If a library component SG is a subgraph of the block SG, we have a candidate match, which is then checked by standard equivalence checking. We extend a state-of-the-art subgraph isomorphism algorithm, LAD, to handle simulation graphs efficiently and also propose a SAT-based formulation. Experimental evaluations show that our algorithms can efficiently find 32-bit arithmetic components in blocks with over 300 primary inputs.
Propagation of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus in HeLa Cells: Adsorption Kinetics and Replication in Batch Cultures (1991)

The influence of various culture parameters on infection and replication of recombinant vaccinia virus in HeLa cells was examined during various phases of viral replication. A modified form of the model of Valentine and Allison (Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1960, 40, 393-399) model was used to predict successfully the viral adsorption rates in cell suspensions. An experimentally determined aggregation factor, epsilon, was included in the model to account for deviations of the observed adsorption rates from those predicted by the earlier model. It was also shown that the ionic strength, ionic species, and serum proteins present in the medium significantly altered the adsorption kinetics of the virus. The lysosomotropic base chloroquine was found to enhance viral infection more than 2-fold during the penetration step of viral infection. It was also demonstrated that cells infected during the exponential growth phase gave higher viral yields than those infected during the lag or stationary growth phases and the initial viral MOI did not significantly alter viral yields. Finally, it was demonstrated that viral infection of HeLa cells grown in 4-L bioreactor batch cultures resulted in increased death and glucose uptake rates and significantly lower growth rates.
Systematic Methods of Chemical Process Design (1997)

1. Introduction to Process Design. I. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF PROCESSES. 2. Overview of Flowsheet Synthesis. 3. Mass and Energy Balances. 4. Equipment Sizing and Costing. 5. Economic Evaluation. 6. Design and Scheduling of Batch Processes. II. ANALYSIS WITH RIGOROUS PROCESS MODELS. 7. Unit Equation Models. 8. General Concepts of Simulation for Process Design. 9. Process Flowsheet Optimization. III. BASIC CONCEPTS IN PROCESS SYNTHESIS. 10. Heat and Power Integration. 11. Ideal Distillation Systems. 12. Heat Integrated Distillation Processes. 13. Geometric Techniques for the Synthesis of Reactor Networks. 14. Separating Azeotropic Mixtures. IV. OPTIMIZATION APPROACHES TO PROCESS SYNTHESIS AND DESIGN. 15. Basic Concepts for Algorithmic Methods. 16. Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks. 17. Synthesis of Distillation Sequences. 18. Simultaneous Optimization and Heat Integration. 19. Optimization Techniques for Reactor Network Synthesis. 20. Structural Optimization of Process Flowsheets. 21. Process Flexibility. 22. Optimal Design and Scheduling for Multiproduct Batch Plants. References. Exercises. Appendix A.: Summary of Optimization Theory and Methods. Appendix B.: Smooth Approximations for max { 0, f(x)}. Appendix C.: Computer Tools for Preliminary Process Design. Author Index. Subject Index.
Fault Location in Gas Insultated Conductors Using Magnetic Sensors (1980)

A new technique is described for fault location within gas insulated conductors which are commonly used in above-ground compact substations. When a fault occurs between an enclosed conductor and the outer sheath, locally strong magnetic fields develop on the outside at the flashover point. To exploit-this phenomenon, small permanent magnet sensors are mounted on flexible fiberglass tapes at regular intervals and demagnetized with a "degaussing" coil. The tapes are attached to the outside surface of the outer conductor prior to the occurrence of a fault. The external field magnetizes the sensors, leaving behind a permanent record of the fault location. At a later time, the magnetic sensors can be removed from the conductor and "read" to determine the fault position. A primary advantage of this technique is that the method can be implemented on existing equipment without cutting or drilling into the pressurized enclosure. In the text, a complete instrumentation system is described which results in the measurement and retention of a local magnetic flux density as low as 0.5 mT. The paper also contains data from successful laboratory demonstration. tests using actual flashovers in SF6 insulated conductors.