gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Post-CMOS FinFET Integration of Bismuth Telluride and Antimony Telluride Thin-Film-Based Thermoelectric Devices on SoI Substrate (2013)

This letter reports, for the first time, heterogeneous integration of bismuth telluride (Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) and antimony telluride (Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) thin-film-based thermoelectric (TE) devices on a CMOS substrate. The TE films are deposited on a silicon-on-insulator substrate with FinFETs (3-D multiple gate field effect transistors) via a characterized TE-film coevaporation and shadow-mask patterning process using predeposition surface treatment methods for reduced TE-metal contact resistance. As a demonstration vehicle, a 2 × 2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -sized integrated planar thermoelectric generator (TEG) is shown to harvest 0.7 μW from 21-K temperature gradient. Transistor performance showed no significant change upon post-CMOS TEG integration, indicating, for the first time, the CMOS compatibility of the Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> thin films, which could be leveraged for realization of high-performance integrated micro-TE harvesters and coolers.
Isolation and characterization of the circulating truncated form of PCSK9 (2014)

Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a secreted protein which regulates serum LDL cholesterol. It circulates in human and rodent serum in an intact form and a major truncated form. Previous in vitro studies involving the expression of human PCSK9 genetic variants and in vivo studies of furin knockout mice suggest that the truncated form is a furin cleavage product. However, the circulating truncated form of PCSK9 has not been isolated and characterized. Utilizing antibodies which bind to either the catalytic domain or the C-terminal domain of PCSK9, the truncated PCSK9 was isolated from serum. MS was used to determine that this form of PCSK9 is a product of in vivo cleavage at Arg218 resulting in pyroglutamic acid formation of the nascent N terminus corresponding to Gln219 of intact PCSK9. We also determined that the truncated PCSK9 in serum lacked the N-terminal segment which contains amino acids critical for LDL receptor binding. A truncated PCSK9, expressed and purified from HEK293 cells with identical composition as the circulating truncated protein, was not active in inhibition of LDL uptake by HepG2 cells. These studies provide a definitive characterization of the composition and activity of the truncated form of PCSK9 found in human serum.
An Efficient and Adaptive Approach to Negotiation in Complex Environments (2012)

This paper studies automated bilateral negotiation among self-interested agents in complex application domains which consist of multiple issues and real-time constraints and where the agents have no prior knowledge about their opponents' preferences and strategies. We describe a novel negotiation approach called OMAC (standing for &ldquo;Opponent Modeling and Adaptive Concession&rdquo;) which combines efficient opponent modeling and adaptive concession making. Opponent modeling is achieved through standard wavelet decomposition and cubic smoothing spline, and concession adaptivity is achieved through dynamically setting the concession rate on the basis of the expected utilities of forthcoming counter-offers. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in both discounting and non-discounting domains. Specifically, the results show that our approach performs better than the five top agents from the 2011 Automated Negotiation Agents Competition (ANAC).
Speaking for ourselves: The national treatment service users project (2006)

The Treatment Service Users (TSU) Project is a peer-driven research project of the Australian Injecting and Illicit Drug Users League (AIVL). AIVL is the national peak organisation for state and territory peer-based drug user organisations and represents issues of national significance for people who use/have used illicit drugs. As peer-based organisations, AIVL and its members are run by and for people who use/have used illicit drugs. From this perspective, the TSU Project is a unique and ground-breaking national project which, for the first time gives the 'service users' or 'consumers' of drug treatment services an opportunity to speak for themselves about participation and involvement in those services.
Electromagnetic scattering from active objects (1978)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Milton Kerker, "Electromagnetic scattering from active objects," Appl. Opt. 17, 3337-3339 (1978) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Functional Anatomy of T Cell Activation and Synapse Formation (2009)

T cell activation and function require a structured engagement of antigen-presenting cells. These cell contacts are characterized by two distinct dynamics in vivo: transient contacts resulting from promigratory junctions called immunological kinapses or prolonged contacts from stable junctions called immunological synapses. Kinapses operate in the steady state to allow referencing to self-peptide-MHC (pMHC) and searching for pathogen-derived pMHC. Synapses are induced by T cell receptor (TCR) interactions with agonist pMHC under specific conditions and correlate with robust immune responses that generate effector and memory T cells. High-resolution imaging has revealed that the synapse is highly coordinated, integrating cell adhesion, TCR recognition of pMHC complexes, and an array of activating and inhibitory ligands to promote or prevent T cell signaling. In this review, we examine the molecular components, geometry, and timing underlying kinapses and synapses. We integrate recent molecular and physiological data to provide a synthesis and suggest ways forward.
Keystroke Recognition Using WiFi Signals (2015)

Keystroke privacy is critical for ensuring the security of computer systems and the privacy of human users as what being typed could be passwords or privacy sensitive information. In this paper, we show for the first time that WiFi signals can also be exploited to recognize keystrokes. The intuition is that while typing a certain key, the hands and fingers of a user move in a unique formation and direction and thus generate a unique pattern in the time-series of Channel State Information (CSI) values, which we call CSI-waveform for that key. In this paper, we propose a WiFi signal based keystroke recognition system called WiKey. WiKey consists of two Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) WiFi devices, a sender (such as a router) and a receiver (such as a laptop). The sender continuously emits signals and the receiver continuously receives signals. When a human subject types on a keyboard, WiKey recognizes the typed keys based on how the CSI values at the WiFi signal receiver end. We implemented the WiKey system using a TP-Link TL-WR1043ND WiFi router and a Lenovo X200 laptop. WiKey achieves more than 97.5\% detection rate for detecting the keystroke and 96.4% recognition accuracy for classifying single keys. In real-world experiments, WiKey can recognize keystrokes in a continuously typed sentence with an accuracy of 93.5%.
An SVD-Based Approach for Ghost Detection and Removal in High Dynamic Range Images (2012)

International audience
2NH2A.cntdot.T helixes in the ribo- and deoxypolynucleotide series. Structural and energetic consequences of 2NH2A substitution (1984)

Polynucleotide helices formed by the interaction of (d2NH2A)n, (r2NH2A)n, (dT)n, and (rT)n have been prepared and their physical and spectroscopic properties examined. Thermal transitions, dependence of Tm on salt concentration, stoichiometry, phase diagrams, and calculated enthalpies are reported. UV, CD, and IR spectra are reported. All of the deoxy-deoxy helices containing 2NH2A have positive CD first extrema near 290 nm and appear to have B-form structure. All the ribo-ribo or hybrid helices have negative first extrema in this region and appear to have A-form structure. Elevation of Tm by the 2-NH2 group of 2NH2A is much smaller in the deoxy than in the ribo series. We have applied an equation based on the electrostatic theory of Manning [Manning, G.S. (1972) Bopolymers 11, 937-949; Manning, G.S. (1978) Q. Rev. Biophys. 11, 179-246; Record M.T., Anderson, C.F., & Lohman, T.M. (1978) Q. Rev. Biophys. 11, 103-178] to calculate ethalpies of the helix-coil transitions of the complexes reported here. These calculated enthalpies are larger for 2NH2A X T than for A X T helices, but the difference is much smaller in the deoxy than in the ribo series. We attribute these effects on Tm and delta H in the deoxy series to loss of stabilization of the spine of hydration in B-form structures caused by interference of the 2-NH2 group in the minor groove of the helix [Dickerson, R.E., Drew, H.R., Conner, B.N., Wing, R.M., Fratini, A.V., & Kopka, M.L. (1982) Science (Washington, D.C.) 216, 475-485]. Complete phase diagrams for all 2NH2A,T systems and some A,T systems are reported. The diagrams differ widely and can be placed in four groups according to the number of transitions each system possesses.
Demonstration of a refractometric sensor based on optical microfiber coil resonator (2008)

We experimentally demonstrated a refractometric sensor based on a coated optical microfiber coil resonator. It is robust, compact, and comprises an intrinsic fluidic channel. A sensitivity of about 40nm/RIU (refractive index unit) has been measured, in agreement with predictions.
Experiences with the FASIT reliability data collection system (2002)

To meet the power supply quality requirements in Norway, a new concept for national collection and reporting of fault and interruption data is developed in the 1990s. This concept is denoted FASIT and has been in use by the Norwegian power industry since 1995. It provides data for a number of purposes related to planning and operation of power systems, as well as data for the monopoly control. The background and structure of FASIT is thoroughly described in the paper, together with some experience gained through full-scale use of the system for 4-5 years. The main challenges have been to harmonise the interpretation rules and quality standards between data collectors and companies, and dealing with changes in the requirements, definitions and software versions. Some recommendations for similar data collection projects or systems are given.
Sticky-End Assembly of a Designed Peptide Fiber Provides Insight into Protein Fibrillogenesis (2000)

Coiled-coil motifs provide simple systems for studying molecular self-assembly. We designed two 28-residue peptides to assemble into an extended coiled-coil fiber. Complementary interactions in the core and flanking ion-pairs were used to direct staggered heterodimers. These had "sticky-ends" to promote the formation of long fibers. For comparison, we also synthesized a permuted version of one peptide to associate with the other peptide and form canonical heterodimers with "blunt-ends" that could not associate longitudinally. The assembly of both pairs was monitored in solution using circular dichroism spectroscopy. In each case, mixing the peptides led to increased and concentration-dependent circular dichroism signals at 222 nm, consistent with the desired alpha-helical structures. For the designed fiber-producing peptide mixture, we also observed a linear dichroism effect during flow orientation, indicative of the presence of long fibrous structures. X-ray fiber diffraction of partially aligned samples gave patterns indicative of coiled-coil structure. Furthermore, we used electron microscopy to visualize fiber formation directly. Interestingly, the fibers observed were at least several hundred micrometers long and 20 times thicker than expected for the dimeric coiled-coil design. This additional thickness implied lateral association of the designed structures. We propose that complementary features present in repeating structures of the type we describe promote lateral assembly, and that a similar mechanism may underlie fibrillogenesis in certain natural systems.
Neuroprotective potential of aromatic alcohols against oxidative cell death (1997)

Estrogens can protect neurons against oxidative stress-induced cell death due to their antioxidant potential. Here, we report that other aromatic alcohols with intact phenolic groups and different phenol derivatives can also protect neurons against oxidative cell death induced by glutamate and hydrogen peroxide in vitro. This neuroprotective activity was independent of the time the compound was added before the toxin. Methylation of the phenolic hydroxyl group led to a decrease or loss in neuroprotection. Moreover, the tested compounds directly inhibited peroxidation reactions, suggesting that neuroprotection is mediated by their antioxidant properties.
Cysteine-Activated Hydrogen Sulfide (H <sub>2</sub> S) Donors (2010)

H(2)S, the newly discovered gasotransmitter, plays important roles in biological systems. However, the research on H(2)S has been hindered by the lack of controllable H(2)S donors that could mimic the slow and continuous H(2)S generation process in vivo. Herein we report a series of cysteine-activated H(2)S donors. Structural modifications of these molecules can regulate the rates of H(2)S generation. These compounds can be useful tools in H(2)S research.
Mechanism of Activation of Polymer Surfaces by Mixed Stannous Chloride/Palladium Chloride Catalysts (1973)

SummaryMixed stannous chloride/palladium chloride catalysts are often used to activate etched ABS surfaces prior to electroless nickel or copper deposition. Little is known of the nature or activation mechanism of the catalyst. The nature of the catalyst was investigated using nephelometry and electron diffraction. No evidence for the existence of colloidal metallic palladium was found. The active component of the catalyst is thought to be a complex chloride of tin (II) and palladium (II). The major species present on the ABS surface at each step of the pretreatment cycle were identified using electron diffraction. A mechanism of activation was proposed involving hydrolysis of an adsorbed chloride complex within the ABS surface. On subsequent treatment with ammonium bifluoride accelerator, a surface redox reaction is presumed to occur between the hydrolised species forming active palladium nuclei: Sn (II) + Pd (II) = Sn(IV) + Pd (0). The process variables were also investigated. It was found that immersion times in all pretreatment solutions including rinses had a direct influence on induction period.
A bacteriophage journey at the European Medicines Agency (2015)

The seriously and globally increasing bacterial multi-drug resistance calls out
Accelerated, aging‐dependent development of osteoarthritis in α1 integrin–deficient mice (2003)

Deficiency in the alpha1 integrin subunit is associated with an earlier deregulation of cartilage homeostasis and an accelerated, aging-dependent development of OA.
Sexual behavior: its genetic control during development and adulthood in Drosophila melanogaster. (1987)

Courtship behavior in Drosophila melanogaster males is an innate behavior pattern. Whether or not a fly will display male courtship behavior is governed by the action of a set of regulatory genes that control all aspects of somatic sexual differentiation. The wild-type function of one of these regulatory genes, transformer-2 (tra-2), is necessary for female sexual differentiation; in the absence of tra-2+ function XX individuals differentiate as males. A temperature-sensitive tra-2 allele has been used to investigate, by means of temperature shifts, when and how male courtship behavior is specified during development. The removal of tra-2ts function in the adult (by a shift of the tra-2ts mutant flies to the restrictive temperature) can lead to the appearance of male courtship behavior in flies that otherwise would not display these behaviors. These experiments suggest that the regulatory hierarchy controlling sexual differentiation is functioning in the adult central nervous system. More importantly, these results suggest that the adult central nervous system has some functional plasticity with respect to the innate behavioral pattern of male courtship and is maintained in a particular state of differentiation by the active control of gene expression in the adult.
Adsorption of pNIPAM Layers on Hydrophobic Gold Surfaces, Measured in Situ by QCM and SPR (2003)

In situ surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements have been employed to measure the adsorption kinetics and absolute adsorbed amount of the poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAM) from bulk aqueous solution onto a hydrophobized gold substrate. The adsorption was carried out at 31 °C, which is just below the lower critical solution temperature of pNIPAM in water. We find that the shift in the coupling angle of the surface plasmon (proportional to the “optical thickness”) and the shift in the resonance frequency of the quartz crystal (proportional to the “acoustic thickness”) increase in parallel for most of the adsorption. Also, the change of dissipation is proportional to the change in frequency. These observations suggest that the buildup of the polymer layer proceeds via growth in thickness rather than by densification of a layer with constant thickness. We interpret this finding in the sense that the dense high-temperature phase wets the hydrophobic gold surface. The wetting layer has a fixed density and grows in thickness. In addition, the QCM has been used to study the temperature-induced conformational change for pNIPAM around the critical temperature. It was found that the technique was able to monitor additional adsorption that occurs when crossing the critical point, which was due to bulk phase separation. Desorption was also noted when crossing the critical point from the opposite direction, and for the given system the process was entirely reversible.
Skip the Alignment: Degenerate, Multiplex Primer and Probe Design Using K-mer Matching Instead of Alignments (2012)

PriMux is a new software package for selecting multiplex compatible, degenerate primers and probes to detect diverse targets such as viruses. It requires no multiple sequence alignment, instead applying k-mer algorithms, hence it scales well for large target sets and saves user effort from curating sequences into alignable groups. PriMux has the capability to predict degenerate primers as well as probes suitable for TaqMan or other primer/probe triplet assay formats, or simply probes for microarray or other single-oligo assay formats. PriMux employs suffix array methods for efficient calculations on oligos 10-~100 nt in length. TaqMan® primers and probes for each segment of Rift Valley fever virus were designed using PriMux, and lab testing comparing signatures designed using PriMux versus those designed using traditional methods demonstrated equivalent or better sensitivity for the PriMux-designed signatures compared to traditional signatures. In addition, we used PriMux to design TaqMan® primers and probes for unalignable or poorly alignable groups of targets: that is, all segments of Rift Valley fever virus analyzed as a single target set of 198 sequences, or all 2863 Dengue virus genomes for all four serotypes available at the time of our analysis. The PriMux software is available as open source from http://sourceforge.net/projects/PriMux.
Metabolism of orally administered tauroursodeoxycholic acid in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. (1996)

The metabolism of tauroursodeoxycholic acid orally administered and its effects on the bile acid pool of patients with asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis is described. Patients were randomly assigned 500, 1000, or 1500 mg/day of tauroursodeoxycholate for six months. Biliary and serum bile acids were measured before and during treatment by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and by high performance liquid chromatography. During tauroursodeoxycholate administration, the proportion of total ursodeoxycholate in bile reached mean (SEM) 34.4 (4.5)%, 32.8 (2.8)%, and 41.6 (3.0)% with doses of 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/day, respectively. Significant decreases in the proportions of chenodeoxycholate and cholate resulted. The glycine/taurine ratio of the biliary bile acid pool decreased from 1.9 at baseline, to 1.1 with the highest dose. Ursodeoxycholate in bile was conjugated with glycine and taurine, indicating that tauroursodeoxycholate undergoes significant deconjugation and reconjugation during its enterohepatic recycling. The proportion of lithocholate in bile remained unchanged. Fasting serum conjugated ursodeoxycholate concentration positively correlated with the tauroursodeoxycholate dose, and the increased proportion of ursodeoxycholate was accompanied by substantial decreases in the endogenous bile acids. Compared with previously published data for ursodeoxycholic acid therapy, these findings indicate that the shift toward a more hydrophilic bile acid pool is greater and potentially more favourable with tauroursodeoxycholate, and this is because of the reduced intestinal biotransformation of tauroursodeoxycholate.
Simple extraction methods that prevent the artifactual conversion of chlorophyll to chlorophyllide during pigment isolation from leaf samples (2013)

Chlorophyllide production in leaf extracts is predominantly an artifact. All three methods evaluated in this study reduce the artifactual production of chlorophyllide and are thus suitable for pigment extraction for HPLC analysis. The boiling method would be a practical choice when leaves are not too thick. However, it may convert a small fraction of chlorophyll a into pheophytin a. Although extraction at sub-zero temperatures is suitable for all plant species examined in this study, this method might be complicated for a large number of samples and it requires liquid nitrogen and equipment for leaf grinding. Using DMF as an extractant is simple and suitable with Arabidopsis samples. However, this solvent cannot completely block the formation of chlorophyllide in thicker leaves.