gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Genetics of Aortopathies in Clinical Cardiology (2017)

Aortopathies pose a significant healthcare burden due to excess early mortality, increasing incidence, and underdiagnosis. Understanding the underlying genetic causes, early diagnosis, timely surveillance, prophylactic repair, and family screening are keys to addressing these diseases. Next-generation sequencing continues to expand our understanding of the genetic causes of heritable aortopathies, rapidly clarifying their underlying molecular pathophysiology and suggesting new potential therapeutic targets. This review will summarize the pathogenetic mechanisms and management of heritable genetic aortopathies with attention to specific forms of both syndromic and nonsyndromic disorders, including Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection.
Report on Dairy Products (1952)

Journal Article Report on Dairy Products Get access William Horwitz William Horwitz Referee Food and Drug Administration, Federal Security Agency, Washington 25, D. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 35, Issue 2, 1 May 1952, Pages 192–193, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/35.2.192 Published: 08 February 2020
A VLSI CMOS delay oriented waveform converter for polyphase frequency synthesizer (2002)

In this paper, we present a waveform converter implemented on a 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology using a dedicated design methodology (Delay Oriented Design). The circuit converts a square wave signal in both in-phase and quadrature-phase sinusoidal differential outputs. It also multiplies the frequency by seven. The output frequency range of this converter extends from 1.05 GHz up to 2.17 GHz. This converter is dedicated for the design of a third-generation mobile phone synthesizer using a double-loop architecture. For an output frequency of 2 GHz, the measured phase noise at 10-kHz offset from the carrier is -97 dBc/Hz. The circuit consumes 50 mW from a 2.5-V supply.
Reduction of Postproduction Quality Loss in Potted Miniature Roses (1994)

Potted miniature roses (Rosa × hybrids L. `Belle Sunblaze') held after production in simulated home conditions (21C, continuous fluorescent light) yellowed prematurely, flower buds and leaves abscised, and flower buds failed to open. These symptoms were accelerated when the plants were exposed to low concentrations (1 μl·liter -1 ) of ethylene in the absence of inhibitors. Spray application of 100 μl BA/liter reduced leaf yellowing but had no significant effect on flower opening or bud abscission. Spray application of 1 m m silver thiosulfate (STS) strongly promoted flower display but did not prevent leaf yellowing. A combined BA and STS treatment greatly improved the postproduction quality of rose plants, particularly if applied 1 day before harvest. Chemical name used: benzyladenine (BA).
Protection against malaria by Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite surface protein 2 linear peptide induction of CD4+ T cell- and IFN-gamma-dependent elimination of infected hepatocytes (1996)

Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite surface protein 2 (SSP2), also known as TRAP, is included in experimental human malaria vaccines because Plasmodium yoelii SSP2 is the target of protective CD8+ CTL that eliminate P. yoelii-infected hepatocytes in mice. We now report that immunization with a synthetic branched-chain peptide including four copies of a PySSP2 sequence, NPNEPS, and two tetanus toxin T helper epitopes in the adjuvant TiterMax, or with an 18 amino acid peptide (NPNEPS)3 in the adjuvant protects A/J, but not BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice. Transfer of T lymphocyte-enriched immune splenocytes protects naive mice; in vivo depletion of CD4+ T cells eliminates vaccine-induced protection; and in vivo treatment with anti-IFN-gamma reverses vaccine-induced activity against infected hepatocytes. Lymph node cells from immunized A/J, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice recognize the (NPNEPS)3 peptide in vitro. However, the protected A/J mice respond with a predominantly Th1 pattern of lymphocyte response, and the non-protected strains of mice respond with a Th2 pattern. There are many examples of CD4+ T cells transferring protection against infectious organisms. However, to our knowledge, this is the first formal demonstration that immunization with a linear synthetic peptide induces CD4+ T cell-dependent, IFN-gamma dependent, genetically restricted sterile protective immunity against an infectious agent.
Simulation of the sputtered atom transport in a pulse deposition process (2003)

The results of Monte Carlo simulation of sputtered atom transport in systems with one and two magnetrons operating in pulse regime are presented. The gas pressure and the gap between target and substrate strongly influence on forward and back depositing atom fluxes, their time behavior and energy. The atom fluxes have a weak ripple at higher gas pressures, larger targets-substrate gap and smaller pauses between current pulses.
Multilevel Inverter to Reduce Common Mode Voltage in AC Motor Drives Using SPWM Technique (2011)

In this paper, an approach to reduce common-mode voltage (CMV) at the output of multilevel inverters using a phase opposition disposed (POD) sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technique is proposed. The SPWM technique does not require computations therefore, this technique is easy to implement on-line in digital controllers. A good tradeoff between the quality of the output voltage and the magnitude of the CMV is achieved in this paper. This paper realizes the implementation of a POD-SPWM technique to reduce CMV using a five-level diode clamped inverter for a three phase induction motor. Experimental and simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technique.
Driving the Scoreboard: Motivating Eco-Driving Through In-Car Gaming (2011)

Eco-driving is one way in which car emissions can be reduced. Gamification, as a type of persuasive technology, has the potential to encourage eco-driving by making it competitive and rewarding. We suggest a research plan to construct a preliminary theoretical foundation to map the connection between information communicated to the driver and eco-driving on two dimensions: the type of reward awarded to the driver and the social and community aspects of eco-driving.
The DEAD-Box RNA Helicase DDX3 Associates with Export Messenger Ribonucleoproteins as well asTip-associated Protein and Participates in Translational Control (2008)

Nuclear export of mRNA is tightly linked to transcription, nuclear mRNA processing, and subsequent maturation in the cytoplasm. Tip-associated protein (TAP) is the major nuclear mRNA export receptor, and it acts coordinately with various factors involved in mRNA expression. We screened for protein factors that associate with TAP and identified several candidates, including RNA helicase DDX3. We demonstrate that DDX3 directly interacts with TAP and that its association with TAP as well as mRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes may occur in the nucleus. Depletion of TAP resulted in nuclear accumulation of DDX3, suggesting that DDX3 is, at least in part, exported along with messenger ribonucleoproteins to the cytoplasm via the TAP-mediated pathway. Moreover, the observation that DDX3 localizes transiently in cytoplasmic stress granules under cell stress conditions suggests a role for DDX3 in translational control. Indeed, DDX3 associates with translation initiation complexes. However, DDX3 is probably not critical for general mRNA translation but may instead promote efficient translation of mRNAs containing a long or structured 5' untranslated region. Given that the DDX3 RNA helicase activity is essential for its involvement in translation, we suggest that DDX3 facilitates translation by resolving secondary structures of the 5'-untranslated region in mRNAs during ribosome scanning.
Green chemistry: an introductory text (2011)

Sustainable development and environmental issues are at the forefront of public and Government concern. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering may offer the solution to many of these challenges, but chemicals can also be part of the problem. Green chemistry aims to provide environmentally benign products from sustainable resources, using processes that do not harm people or the environment. Aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate students, this introduction to green chemistry encourages new ways of thinking about how products and processes are developed. These include methods of waste minimization, use of renewable feed stocks and the role of catalysis in reducing raw material use. The text is easy to understand and particularly relevant to courses on . It includes case studies and real examples from industry to demonstrate how the techniques work in practice.
Tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)cyclopentadienyl ligands for transition metals (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetrakis(trifluoromethyl)cyclopentadienyl ligands for transition metalsMark J. Burk, Anthony J. Arduengo III, Joseph C. Calabrese, and Richard L. HarlowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 24, 8938–8940Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00206a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00206a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Flow cytometric analysis and confocal imaging of anticancer alkylaminoanthraquinones and their n‐oxides in intact human cells using 647‐nm krypton laser excitation (1997)

Flow cytometry and laser-scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy have been used in the study of the pharmacodynamics, in single intact cells, of two novel alkylaminoanthraquinones (AQ4 and AQ6), structurally based upon the mid-red excitable but very weakly fluorescent anticancer agent mitoxantrone, together with their respective N-oxide derivatives (AQ4NO and AQ6NO). The drug design rationale was that N-oxide modifications generates prodrug forms suitable for selective bioreductive-activation in hypoxic tumor cells. DNA-binding ranked in the order of mitoxantrone > AQ6 > AQ4 > AQ6NO >> AQ4NO. Using both cytometric methods a similar ranking was found for whole cell and nuclear location in human transformed fibroblasts. However, AQ6 showed enhanced nuclear uptake compared with mitoxantrone, in keeping with its greater capacity to inhibit DNA synthesis. Partial charge neutralisation by N-oxide derivatization resulted in loss of DNA synthesis inhibition but retention of the ability to accumulate in the cytosol, an important property for prodrug development. We conclude that both flow cytometry and confocal imaging revealed biologically significant differences between analogues for subcellular distribution and retention properties. The study demonstrates the potential for these complementary 647-nm krypton laser line-based fluorometric methods to provide relevant structure-activity information in anthraquinone drug-design programmes. Cytometry 27:43–53, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Selection and characterisation of binders based on homodimerisation of immunoglobulin V<sub>H</sub> domains (2003)

The antigen-binding surface of antibodies is formed by the heterodimerisation of the two variable domains of the light (V(L)) and heavy (V(H)) chains. We have previously described the spontaneous formation of V(H) dimers (VHD) in both bacteria and mammalian cells. The self-association of a single domain produces a homo-VHD, in which the two identical V(H) domains generate a unique symmetric surface for antigen binding that is never found in the normal V(L)/V(H) antibody binding site. We developed a phagemid vector for the construction of phage display libraries in which a cysteine residue, introduced at the C-terminus of the only V(H) cloned, allowed display of homo-VHDs. Panning of the library on different proteins yielded antigen specific binders against lysozyme, glutathione S-transferase and streptavidin. A lysozyme specific homo-VHD was further characterised with an apparent affinity determined to be 216+/-6.6 nM. Importantly, the results showed that its binding activity was fully dependent on the dimerisation of both identical V(H) domains.
Self-similar strong shocks in an exponential medium (1968)

The self-similar one-dimensional propagation of a strong shock wave in a medium with exponentially varying density and ray-tube area is studied, using the Eulerian approach of Sedov. Conservation integrals analogous to Sedov's are obtained, with the expression for the Lagrangian variable. Calculated results are compared with the predictions of the CCW (Chisnell, Chester and Whitham) approximation. It was found that, in contrast to the implosion case, the propagation parameter from the CCW approximation is in error by 15% or more.
One-electron oxidation of quercetin and quercetin derivatives in protic and non protic media (1999)

Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) and quercetin derivatives (3-methylquercetin, rutin) are strong flavonoid antioxidants abundant in plants and in human diet. Their oxidation by DPPH, CAN or dioxygen (autoxidation) is studied in protic and non protic solvents. From kinetic investigations by UV–visible spectroscopy, oxidation rate constants are estimated. Fast disproportionation of flavonoid radicals is shown to give quinones which can be identified by their adducts with methanol (quercetin quinone) or sodium benzenesulfinate (rutin quinone). In strongly alkaline non aqueous conditions, the quercetin quinone can also be evidenced by strong charge transfer absorption bands in the range 700–800 nm.The consequences of these observations for the antioxidant properties of quercetin and quercetin derivatives are discussed.
Representation of the Chinese Indians in three Bengali Detective Fiction (2014)

Literary works document the social life of a particular period and they also play an important role in influencing the public opinion. Literature helps the social scientists to understand the attitude of the people towards a particular issue or towards a particular community. This paper examines the representation of the Chinese Indians in some Bengali detective fictions and makes an attempt to understand how the Bengalis view the Chinese residents of Kolkata.
Methods to Address Headlight Glare (2009)

The goal of this project was to design, implement, and validate a computerized Glare Meter Tool that could be used in the field to assess the level of glare from headlights of opposing vehicles in a variety of situations, without relying on subjective reports of observers. Both disability glare and discomfort glare were addressed. The net result is an instrument that is capable of acquiring an image of a scene with glare, then analyzing the image to output a number on the standard, widely-used De Boer Rating Scale for Evaluation of Discomfort Glare, and also an equivalent veiling luminance that can be used to assess the level of disability glare. The Glare Meter Tool has been demonstrated to provide accurate results in both laboratory and field experiments, but at the current level of development, its practical use in the field is compromised by dynamic range limitations and exposure time requirements.
Involvement of the "tethered ligand" receptor in thrombin-induced endothelium-mediated relaxations (1993)

The mechanisms by which the serine protease, alpha-thrombin, mediates relaxations were examined in isolated dog and pig coronary arteries and dog saphenous veins. In rings of coronary arteries and saphenous veins contracted submaximally with prostaglandin F2 alpha or U46619, alpha-thrombin (0.1-10 nM) caused relaxations that were abolished by treatment with N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) or removal of the endothelium, indicating that the relaxations were mediated by endothelium-derived nitric oxide. These relaxations were blocked by the thrombin active site inhibitor, MD-805, indicating the requirement of thrombin's catalytic site to induce the relaxations. The thrombin exosite inhibitor, BMS-180742, decreased the sensitivity to alpha-thrombin without altering maximal relaxations. Indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, had no inhibitory effect on the relaxations caused by alpha-thrombin, indicating that the relaxations were not mediated by cyclooxygenase products. Similar to alpha-thrombin, the thrombin receptor activating peptide (human sequence: SFLLRNP, 1-100 microM) caused relaxations in pig coronary artery and dog saphenous vein but not in dog coronary artery. These relaxations were blocked by L-NNA but not by indomethacin. The results indicate that alpha-thrombin induces endothelium-dependent relaxations by a novel signaling mechanism that involves proteolytic cleavage of the thrombin receptor to expose a new amino terminus that functions as a "tethered peptide ligand" to activate thrombin receptors on the endothelial cells and release nitric oxide.
Prevention of Zebra Mussel Infestation and Dispersal during Aquaculture Operations (1996)

Abstract The zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha, an exotic invasive species, poses a major threat to North American fish management programs and the aquaculture industry. Fish hatcheries may become infected with zebra mussels from a variety of sources, including the water supply, fish shipments, boats, and equipment. The hatcheries could then serve as agents for the overland dispersal of zebra mussels into stocked waters and to other fish hatcheries. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of aquaculture chemicals for use in controlling zebra mussels in fish hatcheries and preventing dispersal of veligers during fish transport. Chemicals were evaluated for use in fish transport and as disinfectants for ponds and equipment. Standardized static toxicity tests were conducted with representative species of warmwater, coolwater, and coldwater fishes and with larval (3-d-old veligers), early juvenile (settling larvae), and adult zebra mussels. Chemical concentrations and exposure durations were based on recommended treatment levels for fish, eggs, and ponds. Recommended treatment levels were also exceeded, if necessary, to establish lethal levels for zebra mussels of different developmental stages. Our results indicate that some chemicals currently in use in hatcheries may be effective for controlling zebra mussels in various operations. Chloride salts were the safest and most effective therapeutants tested for use in fish transport. The toxicity of chloride salts to fish varied among species and with temperature: only one treatment regime (sodium chloride at 10,000 mg/L) was safe to all fish species that we tested, but it was only effective on veliger and settler stages of the zebra mussel. Effective disinfectants were benzalkonium chloride for use on equipment and rotenone for use in ponds after fish are harvested. The regulatory status of the identified chemicals is discussed as well as several nonchemical control alternatives.
An analysis of the effects of miss clustering on the cost of a cache miss (2007)

In this paper we describe a new technique, called pipeline spectroscopy, and use it to measure the cost of each cache miss. The cost of a miss is displayed (graphed) as a histogram, which represents a precise readout showing a detailed visualization of the cost of each cache miss throughout all levels of the memory hierarchy. We call the graphs 'spectrograms' because they reveal certain signature features of the processor's memory hierarchy, the pipeline, and the miss pattern itself. Next we provide two examples that use spectroscopy to optimize the processor's hardware or application's software. The first example demonstrates how a miss spectrogram can aid software designers in analyzing the performance of an application. The second example uses a miss spectrogram to analyze bus queueing. Our experiments show that performance gains of up to 8% are possible. Detailed analysis of a spectrogram leads to much greater insight in pipeline dynamics, including effects due to miss cluster, miss overlap, prefetching, and miss queueing delays.
Fractionation of Alfalfa for Food, Feed, Biomass, and Enzymes (1996)

Freshly expressed alfalfa juice was fractionated a total of 146 times on 43 different days from 18 June to 13 October 1993 and 76 times on 20 different days from 22 July to 31 August 1994. Seasonal means, maxima, and minima for the yields of various fractions were determined as a fraction of herbage dry matter and/or juice dry matter. In addition to plant maturity, processing variables in the juice conditioning step (treatment to enhance aggregation of particulates) which were evaluated included method of heat addition, treatment temperature, and hold time. For 1993, seasonal mean dry matter yields as a fraction of herbage dry matter were: juice, 18.3%; particulate protein concentrate, 7.5%; and soluble protein concentrate, 2.7%. Yields for immature herbage (bud to early bloom stage) were about 33% higher than the seasonal means. Increase in treatment temperature, up to 45C and increase in hold time facilitated removal of particulates by centrifugation. The method of heat addition (waterbath, microwave, AC electricity, or pulsed high-voltage DC electricity) did not generally change the yield of soluble protein.
Interactive electronic advertising (2002)

Electronic content (information) distribution networks are moving from drawing boards into test beds, and may soon provide consumers access to rich media-based electronic content in both business and home settings. This paper predicts that electronic advertising will become an integral component of any such content distribution networks that will provide electronic content to consumers at rates affordable to consumers. A model for electronic advertising subsiding electronic content consumption is developed. This will help consumers to affordably consume a wide variety of electronic content, while also providing a new service for consumers without invading the consumer's personal space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>