gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Impact of an Intelligent Well Completion on the Oil Production Uncertainty (2010)

Abstract Oil production is influenced by many parameters, for example the distribution of the petrophysical properties, fluid contacts, relative permeabilities, faults, aquifer strength etc. These parameters influence the production production process in different manners, with every parameter displaying its own, unique, level of uncertainty. This is one reason why the probabilistic approach, which takes into account the major uncertaintiesin the reservoir description and production processes, has developed into an important tool for the prediction of a field's hydrocarbon recovery. This is especially important in the case of heterogeneous reservoirs and horizontal wells. Here, unexpected early water or gas breakthrough into one of the zones will reduce the oil production by preventing oil inflow from other parts of the well. Intelligent Well (IW) Technology has ability to identify and control the inflow rate at a zone level, preventing the breakthrough of unwanted gas or water. Previous work examined the impact of choking by an IW's Interval Control Valves (ICVs) on the geological uncertainty attributed to the statistical distribution of the formation's properties[l]. This paper extends this study to the “dynamic” parameters (fluid contacts, relative permeabilities, aquifer strength and zonal skin). Each of these parameters exhibit its own uncertainty; with each, individual uncertainty being combined to generate an accurate estimation of overall risk associated with the reservoir's development. The workflow employed will be demonstrated for two cases. This will be followed by an analysis to identify which of the above factors allow the flow control ability of an IW to reduce the production uncertainty in general as well as in specific cases. The results emphasize the importance of the probabilistic approach for production prediction and illustrate its use as a tool to justify the installation of IW Technology in a particular well. This method will be used for both estimating, as well as reducing, the risks associated with the initial uncertainty of a planned development.
BURG (1992)

article Free Access Share on BURG: fast optimal instruction selection and tree parsing Authors: Christopher W. Fraser View Profile , Robert R. Henry View Profile , Todd A. Proebsting View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 27Issue 4April 1992 pp 68–76https://doi.org/10.1145/131080.131089Published:01 April 1992Publication History 112citation960DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations112Total Downloads960Last 12 Months83Last 6 weeks12 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Methods for deriving solar radiation from satellite data in Malaysia (2011)

This article reviews several methods of calculating solar radiation from satellite derived earth atmospheric reflectivity from the visible channel. Most models calculate global and direct beam solar radiation on daily and hourly basis. Statistical models do not require precise information on atmospheric parameters whereas physical models apply these atmospheric parameters. These later evolved where authors developed hybrid models combining both. Despite a considerable number of publications which use satellite data to derive solar radiation, many models were modified and improved from existing models which were considered popular models. These popular models are briefly reviewed in this article. Most models were developed for the North American or European climate except for the physical model of Janjai et al 2005, which considered the tropical climate and the Brazillian Solar Radiation model. The models estimate hourly global solar irradiation with a RMSE between 6.8% and 25.6% while the daily global solar irradiation RMSE is between 12.9% and 18.13%.
Purification and properties of an alkaline phosphatase of Bacillus licheniformis (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPurification and properties of an alkaline phosphatase of Bacillus licheniformisL. Leon Campbell and F. Marion Hulett-CowlingCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 8, 1364–1371Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00784a014https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00784a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prehospital Treatment of Severe Hypoglycaemia: A Comparison of Intramuscular Glucagon and Intravenous Glucose (1998)

Intramuscularly administered glucagon is a safe and reliable alternative to intravenous glucose infusion. The fluctuating glycemia pattern seen after glucose treatment indicates a low risk for secondary hypoglycaemia. However, further studies are necessary to support this assertion.
Labeling of Lumbar Discs Using Both Pixel- and Object-Level Features With a Two-Level Probabilistic Model (2010)

Backbone anatomical structure detection and labeling is a necessary step for various analysis tasks of the vertebral column. Appearance, shape and geometry measurements are necessary for abnormality detection locally at each disc and vertebrae (such as herniation) as well as globally for the whole spine (such as spinal scoliosis). We propose a two-level probabilistic model for the localization of discs from clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data that captures both pixel- and object-level features. Using a Gibbs distribution, we model appearance and spatial information at the pixel level, and at the object level, we model the spatial distribution of the discs and the relative distances between them. We use generalized expectation-maximization for optimization, which achieves efficient convergence of disc labels. Our two-level model allows the assumption of conditional independence at the pixel-level to enhance efficiency while maintaining robustness. We use a dataset that contains 105 MRI clinical normal and abnormal cases for the lumbar area. We thoroughly test our model and achieve encouraging results on normal and abnormal cases.
A linkage study between bipolar disorder and genes involved in dopaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission (1996)

Neurobiological studies indicate a dysregulation of the dopaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission in bipolar disorder. We examined two large families segregating bipolar disorder, for linkage with the genes encoding dopamine beta-hydroxylase, the dopamine transporter DAT1, the dopamine D2, D3 and D5 receptors, and the alpha-1, alpha-5 and beta-1 subunits of the GABAA receptor. Under at least one diagnostic model one of the two families provided evidence to exclude linkage for the DAT1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD5, DBH, GABRA1 and GABARB1 genes but could not exclude the GABRA5 locus. A second family excluded only the GABRA1 and GABRA5 loci at zero recombination and could not formally reject linkage at the DBH, DRD2, DRD3, DRD5, DAT1 and GABARB1 loci. Further analyses at these loci are warranted.
Optical Frequency Combs for Telecom and Datacom Applications (2014)

The state of the art parametric comb sources are capable of supporting more than a hundred lines, spanning C and L telecom bands at an arbitrary spacing, and are characterized with OSNRs surpassing 40 dB over the entire emission spectrum. We demonstrate compliance with and applicability of the new generation comb sources to telecom and data-com applications.
Non-invasive, Focused Ultrasound-Facilitated Gene Delivery for Optogenetics (2017)

Optogenetics, a widely used technique in neuroscience research, is often limited by its invasive nature of application. Here, we present a noninvasive, ultrasound-based technique to introduce optogenetic channels into the brain by temporarily opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We demonstrate the efficiency of the method developed and evaluate the bioactivity of the non-invasively introduced channelrhodopsin channels by performing stimulation in freely behaving mice.
The Therapeutic Effect of ε-Aminocaproic Acid on Anetoderma Jadassohn (1973)

The therapeutic results achieved in the treatment of anetoderma of Jadassohn with ε-aminocaproic acid is reported, which constitutes the first case in the literature which produced a permanent cure. Although the mechanism of action of ε-aminocaproic acid is not clear, the indisputable disappearance of the erythematous plaques and the subsequent prevention of the development of herniated lesions and bag-like protrusions are clear evidence of the therapeutic efficacy of this drug. Because an inflammatory process preceded these lesions, which was suppressed by the administration of ε-aminocaproic acid, the possibility is assumed that this anti-fibrinolytic drug may act by indirectly diminishing the amount of activity of the inflammatory peptides bradykinin, or similar substances.
Trade Policy Issues in the Asian‐Pacific Region: (1993)

Summary Throughout the 1980s the Asian‐Pacific region (and especially fast Asian countries) has achieved rapid economic growth accompanied by drastic changes in industrial production and trade. In the textile and clothing industry (‘textile’ industry hereafter), exporting countries display the ‘flying geese’ pattern. The first‐tier exportec Japan, had retreated by the mid‐ 1970s. The second‐tier exporters, the East Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs, consisting of South Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong), are now being replaced by the third‐tier, ASEAN and Chinese exporters. The drastic changes in production and trade have resulted from the spread of modern textile production techniques in response to changing comparative advantage. This has been caused by increased labour costs and exchange rate alignment in the first‐and second‐tier exporters, but it has also been affected by the trade policies of industrial importer countries. The textile industry trade has been tightly managed under the Multi‐Fibre Arrangement (MFA), and individual trade flows have been restricted by quota allocation under the MFA. At the current GATT Uruguay Round negotiations the major contracting parties agreed, in the Dunkel text of December 7997, on the gradual phasing out of the MFA restrictions over ten years. How will textile industry trade develop in the absence of the MFA restrictions? This paper focuses on the trade and production of textiles and clothing, but the case of this industry exemplifies important trade policy issues arising from the rapidly changing industrial structure in the Asian‐Pacific region. In discussing textile trade policy issues, economists often focus on the MFA. However, the MFA has not produced a watertight regime. Textile production and trade have changed through product and process innovation, new management styles, and the ever‐changing tastes of consumers. The MFA restrictions have effected these innovative changes, but the policy issues need to be discussed in this context of industrial change. 1
The art of control engineering (1997)

From the Publisher:
The Art of Control Engineering is an essential core text for undergraduate degree courses in control, electrical and electronic, systems and mechanical engineering. Its broad, practical coverage will also be very useful to postgraduate students and practising engineers.
Key Features
keeps the mathematical content to a minimum by covering only the essential topics stresses the iterative nature of most designs in order to achieve working systems covers an unprecedented selection of methods and techniques and emphasises their interrelation, enabling its use for introductory to postgraduate study integrates classical, digital, nonlinear and modern control theory in one volume uses a distinctive layered approach, enabling easy selection of the required level of material for study includes MATLAB and SIMULINK examples supplemented by files on the internet featuring editable simulations which encourage student experimentation incorporates worked examples throughout which aid comprehension and help explain practical issues
Non-volatile memory based on the ferroelectric photovoltaic effect (2013)

The quest for a solid state universal memory with high-storage density, high read/write speed, random access and non-volatility has triggered intense research into new materials and novel device architectures. Though the non-volatile memory market is dominated by flash memory now, it has very low operation speed with ~10 μs programming and ~10 ms erasing time. Furthermore, it can only withstand ~10(5) rewriting cycles, which prevents it from becoming the universal memory. Here we demonstrate that the significant photovoltaic effect of a ferroelectric material, such as BiFeO3 with a band gap in the visible range, can be used to sense the polarization direction non-destructively in a ferroelectric memory. A prototype 16-cell memory based on the cross-bar architecture has been prepared and tested, demonstrating the feasibility of this technique.
Change of 5-HT_(1A) receptor in stress-induced depression rat hippocampus (2002)

Objective: To investigate the change of 5-HT 1A receptor (5-HT 1A R) from chronic unpredicted mild stress depression rat hippocampus and the effect of Amitriptyline and Fluoxetine on 5-HT 1A R in former depression model. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to four groups as follows: control, depression model , depression model treated by Amitriptyline and depression model treated by Fluoxetine. The radioligand binding that used 8-OH-DPAT as a radioactive ligand determines the special binding of 5-HT 1A R. Results : The special binding of 5-HT 1A R in model group decreased 28.10%,compared with control group ( P 0.05). After Amitriptyline treatment the special binding of 5-HT 1A R in model group obviously recover to the normal ( P 0.05). The decreased 5-HT 1A R was not effected by Fluoxetine ( P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. It suggested that decreased 5-HT 1A R in hippocampus may be associated with the etiology of depressive disorder. 2. The increased 5-HT 1A R in hippocampus might be related to Amitriptyline's therapeutic effect in depressive disorder. 3. 5-HT 1A R in hippocampus mightn't play a major role in the Fluoxetine's therapeutic effect of antidepressant treatment.
Dynamics of supercooled water: Mode-coupling theory approach (1995)

The light scattering spectra of water in its normal and supercooled state were analyzed in the frequency range 0.3100 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. It is shown that using the general idea of mode-coupling theory (MCT) one can describe consistently the temperature variations of both spectra and viscosity. The critical temperature estimated in the framework of MCT, ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$\ensuremath{\sim}220 K, is close to the well-known temperature of singularities of supercooled water. Some ideas about the relation between the critical dynamics as predicted by MCT, and the dynamics of supercooled water are discussed.
Coating of Carbon Fiber with Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) to Enhance Mechanical Properties and Durability of Carbon/Vinyl Ester Composites (2011)

Our continuing quest to improve the performance of polymer composites under moist and saltwater environments has gained momentum in recent years with the reinforcement of inorganic nanoparticles into the polymer. The key to mitigate degradation of composites under such environments is to maintain the integrity of the fiber/matrix (F/M) interface. In this study, the F/M interface of carbon/vinyl ester composites has been modified by coating the carbon fiber with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS). POSS is a nanostructured inorganic-organic hybrid particle with a cubic structure having silicon atoms at the core and linked to oxygen atoms. The advantage of using POSS is that the silicon atoms can be linked to a substituent that can be almost any chemical group known in organic chemistry. Cubic silica cores are 'hard particles' and are about 0.53 nm in diameter. The peripheral organic unit is a sphere of about 1-3 nm in diameter. Further, cubic structure of POSS remains intact during the polymerization process and therefore with appropriate functional groups, if installed on the fiber surface, would provide a stable and strong F/M interface. Two POSS systems with two different functional groups; namely, octaisobutyl and trisilanolphenyl have been investigated. A set of chemical and mechanical procedures has been developed to coat carbon fibers with POSS, and to fabricate layered composites with vinyl ester resin. Interlaminar shear and low velocity impact tests have indicated around 17-38% improvement in mechanical properties with respect to control samples made without the POSS coating. Saltwater and hygrothermal tests at various environmental conditions have revealed that coating with POSS reduces water absorption by 20-30% and retains the composite properties.
A low cost batch-sealed capacitive pressure sensor (1999)

This paper describes a new design for sealed capacitive pressure sensors by which the sealed lead transfer is eliminated. This allows the devices to be fabricated from p/sup ++/ Si on a glass substrate using the dissolved wafer process with as few as three masking steps. The pick-off capacitance is between a flap or skirt-like extension of the flexible diaphragm that reaches past the sealed cavity, and an electrode patterned on the substrate directly below this extension. The sidewall of the cavity is relatively narrow and flexible. FEA predicts that for a device with 30 /spl mu/m high and 5 /spl mu/m thick sidewalls, 5 /spl mu/m thick diaphragm and skirt, and a nominal pick-off capacitance gap of 5 /spl mu/m, the sensitivity is -11.2 fF/kPa in non-touch mode and -0.52 fF/kPa in touch mode. The devices have a very wide dynamic range, potentially exceeding 1000 kPa, and very low temperature coefficients of 80-100 ppm//spl deg/C TCO and 30-80 ppm//spl deg/C TCS. Preliminary measurements of fabricated structures match FEA models.
Federated Learning in the Sky: Joint Power Allocation and Scheduling with UAV Swarms (2020)

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms must exploit machine learning (ML) in order to execute various tasks ranging from coordinated trajectory planning to cooperative target recognition. However, due to the lack of continuous connections between the UAV swarm and ground base stations (BSs), using centralized ML will be challenging, particularly when dealing with a large volume of data. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed to implement distributed federated learning (FL) algorithms within a UAV swarm that consists of a leading UAV and several following UAVs. Each following UAV trains a local FL model based on its collected data and then sends this trained local model to the leading UAV who will aggregate the received models, generate a global FL model, and transmit it to followers over the intra-swarm network. To identify how wireless factors, like fading, transmission delay, and UAV antenna angle deviations resulting from wind and mechanical vibrations, impact the performance of FL, a rigorous convergence analysis for FL is performed. Then, a joint power allocation and scheduling design is proposed to optimize the convergence rate of FL while taking into account the energy consumption during convergence and the delay requirement imposed by the swarm's control system. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the FL convergence analysis and show that the joint design strategy can reduce the number of communication rounds needed for convergence by as much as 35% compared with the baseline design.
A parallel modulator (1999)

A sigma delta ADC modulator architecture is described. The modulator performs the processing of two or more clock cycles in parallel. In contrast to previously published parallel sigma delta architectures, an increase in the number of integrators is not required. Rather, the number of signal inputs to the integrators is increased as is the number of quantisers.
Analysis of Resonant Converters (1984)

The load parameter, Q, and the ratio of the switching frequency to the resonant frequency, Fs/Fo, characterize the operation of resonant converters. An accurate do analysis of the series and parallel resonant converters is given in terms of these parameters whereby the conversion ratio, peak stresses, and diode conduction time are determined. An exact and systematic method of small-signal analysis is given whereby the control-to-output transfer function, audio susceptibility, and input impedance are determined at a given operating point. In addition, simple and approximate transfer functions are obtained under high-Q assumption.
Images and Energy Distributions of Electrons Emitted from a Diamond pn-Junction Diode (2009)

A diamond pn-junction diode electron emitter was examined in an emission spectro-microscope. An electron emission efficiency of ∼10-2 to the diode current was confirmed at a forward diode current larger than ∼40 μA. Measured electron emission images showed that electron emission indeed occurs at the terrace and up to the terrace boundary of p-type diamond electrode. Measured energy distribution curves of emitted electrons showed that electrons are indeed injected to the conduction band of p-type diamond electrode and emitted from a negative electron affinity surface of p-type diamond. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2009.660]
Nondestructive Detection of Water Stress in Tomato Plants by NIR Spectroscopy. (2001)

The objective of this research was to experimentally determine whether signs of water deficit stress in plants can be detected from changes in the absorbance spectra based on the relationships between absorbance spectra and physiological parameters. Absorbance of tomato leaves in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths (1100 nm to 2500 nm) was measured simultaneously with photosynthesis and stomatal conductance during water stress. To observe small changes in absorbance which arise from water stress, a leaf in non-stressed conditions was used as a reference for the absorbance measurements. In general, under the effects of water stress, peaks formed in the absorbance spectra at water absorbance bands near 1 440 nm and 1 940 nm, and absorbance decreased near 1 600 nm forming a valley. Although the relationship between the changes in absorbance and physiological parameters varied depending on the individual plants tested, consistent overall trends were observed, demonstrating there is potential to nondestructively detect changes in plant condition resulting from water stress by measuring NIR absorbance.