gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alloantigen expression on non-hematopoietic cells reduces graft-versus-leukemia effects in mice (2010)

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used effectively to treat a number of hematological malignancies. Its beneficial effects rely on donor-derived T cell-targeted leukemic cells, the so-called graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. Induction of GVL is usually associated with concomitant development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a major complication of allogeneic HSCT. The T cells that mediate GVL and GVHD are activated by alloantigen presented on host antigen-presenting cells of hematopoietic origin, and it is not well understood how alloantigen expression on non-hematopoietic cells affects GVL activity. Here we show, in mouse models of MHC-matched, minor histocompatibility antigen-mismatched bone marrow transplantation, that alloantigen expression on host epithelium drives donor T cells into apoptosis and dysfunction during GVHD, resulting in a loss of GVL activity. During GVHD, programmed death-1 (PD-1) and PD ligand-1 (PD-L1), molecules implicated in inducing T cell exhaustion, were upregulated on activated T cells and the target tissue, respectively, suggesting that the T cell defects driven by host epithelial alloantigen expression might be mediated by the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Consistent with this, blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions partially restored T cell effector functions and improved GVL. These results elucidate a previously unrecognized significance of alloantigen expression on non-hematopoietic cells in GVL and suggest that separation of GVL from GVHD for more effective HSCT may be possible in human patients.
A visual computer tool for percutaneous nephrolithotomy preoperative planning (2004)

The percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a minimally invasive surgery that is employed to remove larger stones (calculi) in the kidney. This technique places a nephroscope into the kidney through a small tract set after a small incision in the patients back. During the tract positioning, there are risks of kidney bleeding and of injury of other organs near the kidney such as the bowels, spleen or lever. In order to minimize this risks a preoperative planning helps for the choice of the best kidney calyx target and for the definition of the optimal track to reach this target. Our study is focused on the development of a computer tool that will help establishing the preoperative planning on patient specific data. Especially, this tool allows defining interactively and visually the optimal track on a 3D volume data acquired on the patient, simulating the effect on the anatomy of the real passageway and finally gives the necessary information back to the surgeon in order to transpose during the intervention the defined optimal track.
Acoustic Power Divider Based on Compressibility-Near-Zero Propagation (2020)

Materials with properties that can be described by a near-zero index of refraction have received significant attention in the fields of electromagnetics, optics, and acoustics, due to their extraordinary capabilities in wave manipulation. It was recently demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that acoustic waves could manifest near-zero-index propagation based on the effective compressibility of a waveguide channel approaching zero. In turn, this allows tunneling of acoustic waves with nearly infinite wavelength (or equivalently, uniform phase) when the channel cross section is much larger than the feeding lines. Here, we show that these concepts can be leveraged to realize an acoustic power divider and multiplexer offering tunneling of sound to an arbitrary number of output ports, with phase shifts equal to 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} or 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and robust response to variations in the port position. We present analytical and numerical models describing the properties of this device and study limitations and trade-offs that occur in the presence of losses as the device size is scaled.
Africa: The New Frontier for Global Strategy Scholars (2016)

Context matters in the global strategy literature. We discuss how Africa, as a setting that received limited attention in the past, offers opportunity to challenge existing theory and develop new insights. The overall goal is to ask: What will the field of global strategic management look like once we have engaged with Africa in a similar manner as we have done with other emerging economies? We also introduce the papers published in this special issue and highlight directions for future research. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conformational Changes at The Carboxyl Terminus of Gα Occur during G Protein Activation (1999)

To understand the dynamics of conformational changes during G protein activation, surface exposed cysteine residues on Galpha were fluorescently labeled. Limited trypsinolysis and mutational analysis of recombinant Galphat/Galphai1 determined that two cysteines are the major fluorescent labeling sites, Cys210, located in the switch II region, and Cys347 at the C terminus. Mutants with serines replacing Cys210 (Chi6a) and Cys347 (Chi6b) were single fluorescently labeled with lucifer yellow (LY), while a double mutant (Chi6ab) was no longer labeled. When Chi6b was labeled with LY on Cys210, AlF4- caused a 220% increase in LY fluorescence, indicating that the fluorescent group at Cys210 is a reporter of conformational change in the switch II region. Chi6a labeled at Cys347 also showed an AlF4--dependent increase in LY fluorescence (91%), indicating that Galpha activation leads to a conformational change at the COOH terminus. Preactivation of the protein with AlF4- before labeling led to a decreased incorporation of LY into Cys347 suggesting that Galpha activation buries Cys347. This COOH-terminal conformational change may provide the structural basis for communication between the GDP-binding site on Galpha and activated receptors, and may contribute to dissociation of activated Galpha subunit from activated receptor.
Development of a Respiratory Nursing Program Using Recorder Playing for the Patients with Asthma and Measurement of Effectiveness (2011)

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a respiratory nursing program using recorder playing for patients with asthma and to determine the effects of the program. Method: Participants were 26 patients with asthma (experimental group: 13, control group: 13). The experimental group participated in the respiratory nursing program for six months from April, to October, 2007. Content included playing a recorder, group education about asthma, and educational messages including cellular phone messages. The control group received usual care during the six months. Results: In this research the respiratory nursing program using recorders was developed in 3 stages: initial stage, advanced stage, and wrap up stage. Compared to the control group, fatigue status in the experimental group improved significantly as well as level of forced expiratory volume in 1 second. However significant differences were found in sleep status, mood, or quality of life. Conclusions: These results suggest that this respiratory nursing program for symptom management of patients with asthma led to improvements in self care activity. Nursing interventions are needed to maintain and further enhance the quality of life of these patients and the interventions should be implemented over a transition period.
Potential Prognostic Significance of Decreased Serum Levels of TRAIL after Acute Myocardial Infarction (2009)

Although the number of patients studied was limited, our findings indicate for the first time that circulating TRAIL might represent an important predictor of cardiovascular events, independent of conventional risk markers.
K/sub a/- and V-band MMIC components for personal communication networks (2002)

The "wireless revolution" has created a number of new opportunities not only at lower microwave communication frequencies at 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz, but also at millimeterwave frequencies. The 38/spl plusmn/2 GHz frequency range has emerged as an internationally accepted frequency band for typical radio applications with a promising market for transmit and receive modules in the next years. Another frequency allocation has been granted for mobile broadband communication networks in the 62 GHz to 66 GHz band aiming to extend the scope of the broadband integrated services digital networks (B-ISDN). This system is envisaged to give mobile users access to future broadband services like speech, data, and video. In order to produce radio-frontends for these communication systems, low cost, reliable, high performance components in monolithic form are a basic necessity. This paper describes GaAs technologies developed at Daimler-Benz which can serve the needs and requirements of wireless millimeterwave communication systems at K/sub a/- and V-band frequencies. Based on different available technologies (HBT, Schottky diodes, MESFET, PM-HFET) oscillators, low-noise amplifiers, medium power amplifiers, variable-gain amplifiers, single-gate mixers, dual-gate mixers, and diode mixers have been fabricated and will be described.
Non-planar device architecture for 15nm node: FinFET or trigate? (2010)

Multi-gate FETs (MuG-FET) such as FinFETs and Trigate FETs have emerged as the most promising candidates to extend the CMOS scaling beyond sub-22nm node. The multi-gate structure has better short channel behaviors due to enhanced electrostatic control from the multiple gates. However, the superior electrostatic control of the MuG-FET will be offset by the parasitic gate-to-source/drain capacitance (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">gs</sub> ). Careful device design and optimization of MuG-FET are necessary to achieve an overall performance advantage over conventional planar technology. In this paper, we evaluated the FinFET and Trigate at 15nm node dimension with consideration of electrostatic behavior, parasitic capacitance and resistance using wellcalibrated TCAD simulations.
Circuit aging prediction for low-power operation (2009)

Low-power circuit operations, such as dynamic voltage scaling and the sleep mode, pose a unique challenge to aging prediction. Traditional aging models assume constant voltage and averaged activity factor, ignoring the impact of the long sleep period, and thus, result in a significant overestimation of the degradation rate. To accurately predict the aging effect in low-power design, this work first examines critical model assumptions in the reaction-diffusion process that is responsible for the NBTI effect. By using the correct diffusion profile, it then proposes a new aging model that effectively analyzes the degradation under various low-power operations. The new model well predicts the aging behavior of scaled CMOS measurement data (45 nm and 65 nm) with different operation patterns, especially sleep mode operation and dynamic voltage scaling. Compared to previous aging models, the new result captures the essential role of the long recovery phase in circuit aging, reducing unnecessary guardbanding in reliability protection.
Server side trick play for video streaming (2009)

Streaming video contents from a central media repository to other video rendering devices over a network have increased in usage in recent times. However, there is conspicuous missing of trick-play features (fast forward, fast rewind, slow forward and slow rewind) for a streamed video data in most commercially available streaming solutions. This lack of trick play feature is mainly due to the processing time complexity involved in decoding relevant frames from the original video data and re-encoding them to be played in fast forward or fast rewind play. The most difficult issue is to perform the trick play processing of streaming video data in real-time and without increase in the network bandwidth requirements. In this paper, we try to address this issue and provide an efficient implementation of server side trick play for streaming video content. We have tested our implementation using Samsung's ‘WiseLink Pro DLNA’ solution as a media streaming server and using Samsung's ‘Series 7 LCD TV’ as a video renderer.
ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS AND BREAKDOWN OF POLYNUCLEOTIDES; POLYNUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHORYLASE<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS AND BREAKDOWN OF POLYNUCLEOTIDES; POLYNUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHORYLASE1Marianne Grunberg-Manago and Severo OchoaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 11, 3165–3166Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01616a093https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01616a093research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations208LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Testing Some Myths About IT Outsourcing: A Survey of Australia's Top 1000 Firms (2008)

This study examines the extent to which surveyed outcomes of IT outsourcing supported several commonly-argued propositions.Following confirmatory factor analysis, eight measures of success were used: access to skilled staff, technology benefits, economies of scale, cost reductions, strategic benefits, technical service quality, capacity to concentrate on core business, and overall satisfaction/value.The analysis produced some surprising findings.Some widely-promoted benefits of outsourcing were reported by most respondents, but other benefits that have been similarly promoted (such as cost savings) were reported by only a minority of respondents.There were no differences in success outcomes between medium-sized (<500 employees), large (500 to 1000 employees), and very large (1000+ employees) organizations.There were some minor differences between government agencies and firms from the private sector, but no differences for key outcomes.Contrary to findings from case study research, "selective" outsourcing was no more successful than "total" outsourcing, although "total" outsourcing was uncommon.On the basis of these results, decision makers are urged to be cautious when planning to outsource IT services, and to be critical of claims that they will make substantial savings from outsourcing, or that outsourcing will automatically allow them to refocus more on their core business.
A probabilistic linear genetic programming with stochastic context-free grammar for solving symbolic regression problems (2017)

Traditional Linear Genetic Programming algorithms are based only on the selection mechanism to guide the search. Genetic operators combine or mutate random portions of the individuals, without knowing if the result will lead to a fitter individual. Probabilistic Model Building Genetic Programming was proposed to overcome this issue through a probability model that captures the structure of the fit individuals and use it to sample new individuals. This work proposes the use of LGP with a Stochastic Context-Free Grammar, that has a probability distribution that is updated according to selected individuals. We proposed a method for adapting the grammar into the linear representation of LGP. Tests performed with the proposed probabilistic method, and with two hybrid approaches, on several symbolic regression benchmark problems show that the results are statistically better than the obtained by the traditional LGP.
I <scp>mmunological</scp> M <scp>emory to</scp> V <scp>iral</scp> I <scp>nfections</scp> (2004)

The purpose of immunological memory is to protect the host from reinfection, to control persistent infections, and, through maternal antibody, to protect the host's immunologically immature offspring from primary infections. Immunological memory is an exclusive property of the acquired immune system, where in the presence of CD4 T cell help, T cells and B cells clonally expand and differentiate to provide effector systems that protect the host from pathogens. Here we describe how T and B cell memory is generated in response to virus infections and how these cells respond when the host is infected again by similar or different viruses.
Cocaine-induced potentiation of synaptic strength in dopamine neurons: Behavioral correlates in GluRA(–/–) mice (2004)

Synaptic plasticity in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system is thought to contribute to the neural adaptations that mediate behavioral sensitization, a model for core aspects of addiction. Recently, it has been demonstrated that multiple classes of drugs of abuse, as well as acute stress, enhance strength at excitatory synapses on midbrain DA neurons. Here, we show that both the cocaine- and stress-induced synaptic enhancement involves an up-regulation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors. This enhancement requires the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor subunit GluRA as evidenced by its absence in mice lacking this subunit. The cocaine-elicited, but not the stress-elicited, synaptic potentiation in DA neurons was blocked by a D1-like receptor antagonist, indicating that the in vivo triggering mechanisms differ for these forms of experience-dependent synaptic modification. Surprisingly, behavioral sensitization to cocaine was elicited in GluRA(-/-) mice, indicating that potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission in DA neurons is not necessary for this form of behavioral plasticity. However, GluRA(-/-) mice did not exhibit a conditioned locomotor response when placed in a context previously paired with cocaine, nor did they exhibit conditioned place preference in response to cocaine. We suggest that the drug-induced enhancement of excitatory synaptic transmission in midbrain DA neurons, although not required for behavioral sensitization per se, may contribute to the attribution of incentive value to drug-associated cues.
Using Social Media to Predict Future Events with Agent-Based Markets (2010)

Agents can exploit user-generated content available in social media by extracting user sentiments and assessments and using them to make informed transactions on the market.
Si/SiGe epitaxial-base transistors. II. Process integration and analog applications (1995)

For pt. I, see ibid., vol. 3, p. 455-68 (1995). This part focuses on process integration concerns, first described in general terms and then detailed through an extensive review of both simple non-self-aligned device structures and more complex self-aligned device structures. The extension of SiGe device technology to high levels of integration is then discussed through a detailed review of a full SiGe HBT BiCMOS process. Finally, analog circuit design is discussed and concluded, with a description of a 12-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter presented to highlight the current status of SiGe technology.
Intratumor cholesteryl ester accumulation is associated with human breast cancer proliferation and aggressive potential: a molecular and clinicopathological study (2015)

Intratumor CE accumulation is intimately linked to proliferation and aggressive potential of breast cancer tumors. Our data support the link between intratumor CE content and poor clinical outcome and open the door to new antitumor interventions.
Capitalizing on knowledge : from e-business to k-business (2001)

Knowledge inside-out E-business: a platform for knowledge K-business: new markets, new models Online knowledge markets Productizing knowledge Marketing revisited The 10Ps of Internet marketing Developing a k-business Directions and dilemmas Appendices.
Dexmedetomidine and MK-467, a peripherally acting α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, in dogs (2012)

The effects of MK-467, a peripherally acting α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, on the cardiopulmonary changes induced by dexmedetomidine, a specific and selective α2- adrenoceptor agonist, were investigated in dogs. Plasma concentrations of both drugs were also quantified, along with influence of MK-467 on the quality of clinical sedation achieved with dexmedetomidine. The main focus of this study was on preventing or attenuating the cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine. The effects of three different doses of MK-467, administered simultaneously with the agonist, on the main hemodynamic parameters were evaluated and compared with a single dose of both dexmedetomidine and MK- 467 administered alone. Respiratory effects were evaluated with arterial blood gases, and indices such as oxygen delivery were calculated. The pharmacokinetic interaction between the two drugs was evaluated in vivo and general information on the disposition of intravenously administered MK-467 in dogs was produced. The degree of clinical sedation was subjectively assessed during the studies. The effect of MK-467 on the quality of reversal of dexmedetomidine-induced sedation with atipamezole was also determined. M K-467 dose-dependently reduced or prevented all relevant cardiovascular changes induced by dexmedetomidine. The heart rate, arterial and central venous blood pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance and oxygen delivery remained within acceptable physiological limits throughout the observational period with all doses of MK-467 administered with the agonist. Moderate hypotension was seen with the highest dose of MK-467. No significant differences in respiratory function were observed between treatments. MK-467, when administered alone, induced sinus tachycardia along with increases in the cardiac index and reductions in systemic vascular resistance. Arterial blood pressures remained unchanged. The degree of clinical sedation was reduced by MK-467, most likely by increasing the disposition of dexmedetomidine, which led to lower plasma concentrations of the agonist. However, the differences in clinical sedation were minor. MK-467 did not interfere with the ability of atipamezole to reverse dexmedetomidine-induced sedation.
SYNTHESIS OF 3'', 4''-DIDEOXYNEAMINE ACTIVE AGAINST KANAMYCIN-RESISTANT E. COLI AND P. AERUGINOSA (1971)

2)3) have clarified the mechanismof amino glycoside resistance of Escherichia colt K 12 carrying the R factor and of resistant Pseudomonas : these organisms produce an enzyme transferring phosphate from ATPto the 3-hydroxyl group of 6-amino-6-deoxy-D-glucose, 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose or D-glucosamine moiety of deoxystreptamine-containing antibiotics, and as the result of the phosphorylation, antibiotics such as kanamycins, paromomycins and neomycins are inactivated. Based on this mechanism of resistance, the authors synthesized 3'-deoxykanamycin4), 3',4'-dideoxykanamycin B5), and 3', 4'-dide-