gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of lentiviral vector transduction into peripheral blood mononuclear cells in combination with the fibronectin fragment CH-296 stimulation (2010)

Large scale T-cell expansion and efficient gene transduction are required for adoptive T-cell gene therapy. Based on our previous observations, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can be expanded efficiently while conserving a naïve phenotype by stimulating with both recombinant human fibronectin fragment (CH-296) and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies. In this article, we explored the possibility of using this co-stimulation method to generate engineered T cells using lentiviral vector. Human PBMCs were stimulated with anti-CD3 together with immobilized CH-296 or anti-CD28 antibody as well as anti-CD3/anti-CD28 conjugated beads and transduced with lentiviral vector simultaneously. Co-stimulation with CH-296 gave superior transduction efficiency than with anti-CD28. Next, PBMCs were stimulated and transduced with anti-CD3/CH-296 or with anti-CD3/CD28 beads. T-cell expansion, gene transfer efficiencies and immunophenotypes were analysed. Stimulation with anti-CD3/CH-296 resulted in more than 10-times higher cell expansion and higher gene transfer efficiency with conservation of the naïve phenotype compared with anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation method. Thus, lentiviral transduction with anti-CD3/CH-296 co-stimulation is an efficient way to generate large numbers of genetically modified T cells and may be suitable for many gene therapy protocols that use adoptive T-cell transfer therapy.
Smartphone Based Control Architecture of Teaching Pendant for Industrial Manipulators (2013)

Industrial manipulators performs various tasks in an environment where operator has to monitor closely and also interact upon a detailed level with the robot. The operation of the robot from a remote area is possible through some wireless communication, but a two way communication for feedback is most desirable. The proposed smart phone based teaching pendant provides a user friendly interactive control input method to the robot's operator. The operator can not only give commands to the end effector, but during the continuous mode operation, the operator can pause, repeat and restart the subtasks of whole operation remotely. The two way network socket communication running on threads also gives a real time feedback data for detailed monitoring. OpenGL based smartphone visual drawing also gives a more understandable monitoring method of current robot status.
Context and direct dating of pre-European livestock in the Upper Seacow River valley (1994)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Asymmetric sliding-window cross-correlation (2002)

Sliding-window cross-correlation is a common method to esimate time-varying correlations between signals (Laurent and Davidowitz, 1994; Laurent et al., 1996; Macleod and Laurent, 1996; Stopfer and Laurent, 1997; Wehr, 1999 (p. 96)). It produces a correlation value betwen two signals (positive or negative) for every (time,lag) pair of values. In principle, the expected value of the correlation for any pair of (time,lag) values must be computed by averaging x(t).y(t+lag) over many realizations of the stochastic process. This is called an ``ensemble average'' across realizations of a stochastic process. Lacking a large enough number of realization over which to average, one must resort to other methods. If the correlations are stationary (i.e. time-invariant), then we may average across time to estimate the expected value. If the correlations are not stationary, we may divide the signals into sliding windows of a size such that the correlations can be considered stationary on the timescale of the window width, and calculate the cross-correlation, as a function of lag, for each window, sliding the window along the signal to obtain correlations for different time values. This is what is called a sliding-window cross-correlogram.
Dual enzymes regulate the molecular self-assembly of tetra-peptide derivatives (2011)

Small molecular hydrogels that can respond to external stimuli have great potentials for controlled drug release. In this study, we report on a small molecular hydrogel of Ac-YYYY-OMe whose gel–sol phase transition could be triggered by an oxidase enzyme of tyrosinase. We also synthesized three compounds with similar chemical structures to Ac-YYYpY-OMe by replacing tyrosine (Y) with phenylalanine (F). Though they could also form hydrogels with phosphatase, the gels formed by the compounds with F couldn't change to clear solutions with tyrosinase. The hydrogels in this study were characterized by rheology, TEM, and MTT assay. To demonstrate the potential application of gels formed by Ac-YYYY-OMe in controlled drug release, we incorporated Congo red as a model drug in hydrogels and the releasing profiles were recorded by using different concentrations of tyrosinase. Since tyrosinase is over-expressed in malignant melanoma, hydrogels that could respond to tyrosinase have potentials for the controlled release of anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
Development of cell-laden 3D scaffolds for efficient engineered skin substitutes by collagen gelation (2016)

Cell-laden layered scaffolds containing keratinocytes and fibroblasts were fabricated using a 3D cell-printing technique. The scaffolds effectively promoted proliferation and migration, and can be efficiently used as engineered skin substitutes.
HIV Type 1 Can Act as an APC upon Acquisition from the Host Cell of Peptide-Loaded HLA-DR and CD86 Molecules (2005)

It is well documented that a wide range of host-derived cell surface constituents is inserted within HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and located on the exterior of the virion. Although no virus-associated protein of host origin has been shown to be absolutely required for virus replication, studies have revealed that many of these proteins are functional and can affect several steps of the virus life cycle. In this study, we found that HIV-1 acquires peptide-loaded class II MHC (MHC-II) and the costimulatory CD86 molecules from the host cell. Moreover, we present evidence that virions bearing such peptide-loaded MHC-II and CD86 proteins can lead to activation of the transcription factors NF-kappa B and NF-AT in an Ag-specific human T cell line. A linear correlation was found between activation of NF-kappa B and the amount of peptide-loaded MHC-II molecules inserted within HIV-1. Finally, transcription of unintegrated and integrated HIV-1 DNA was promoted upon exposure of peptide-specific human T cells to viruses bearing both peptide-loaded MHC-II and CD86 proteins. These data suggest that HIV-1 can operate as an APC depending on the nature of virus-anchored host cell membrane components. It can be proposed that HIV-1 can manipulate one of its primary targets through the process of incorporation of host-derived proteins.
Putative role of neuronal 5‐lipoxygenase in an aging brain (2000)

Aging is associated with increased incidence and/or severity of neurodegenerative pathologies. Oxygen‐mediated events are being considered as possible mechanisms responsible for the increasing neuronal vulnerability. Lipoxygenases are enzymes that, as cyclooxygenases (COX), can insert oxygen into the molecule of arachidonic acid and thereby synthesize inflammatory eicosanoids: leukotrienes [due to 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LOX) activity] and prostaglandins (via COX activity). It appears that 5‐LOX is expressed in central nervous system neurons and may participate in neurodegeneration. 5‐LOX‐triggered cell death may be initiated by the enzymatic activity of 5‐LOX but could also occur via the nonenzymatic actions of the 5‐LOX protein; new data point to the possibility that 5‐LOX protein exerts actions such as interaction with tyrosine kinase receptors, cytoskeletal proteins, and the nucleus. The expression of neuronal 5‐LOX is susceptible to hormonal regulation, presumably due to the presence of hormone‐responsive elements in the structure of the 5‐LOX gene promoter. The expression of the 5‐LOX gene and the activity of the 5‐LOX pathway are increased in elderly subjects. One possible mechanism of such 5‐LOX up‐regulation implies the contribution of aging‐associated hormonal changes: relative melatonin deficiency and/or hyper‐glucocorticoidemia. Thus, the 5‐LOX pathway could become a promising target of neuroprotective therapies for the aging brain.—Manev, H., Uz, T., Sugaya, K., Qu, T. Putative role of neuronal 5‐lipoxygenase in an aging brain. FASEB J. 14, 1464–1469 (2000)
HSV-TK Engineered Donor Lymphocytes Add-Backs Reduce Late Mortality and Improve Survival of High Risk Acute Leukemia after Haplo-HSCT: Results of a Phase II Multicenter Trial. (2005)

Abstract The outcome of haplo-SCT is limited by delayed immune reconstitution resulting in a high rate of late mortality and relapse. Here, we report results of a phase II multicenter trial (MM TK007) of early add-backs of donor lymphocytes genetically engineered to express the herpes simplex thymidine kinase (TK) suicide gene after haplo-SCT in inducing immune reconstitution and selective control of GvHD by ganciclovir. Twentysix advanced age pts (median age 51, 17–63) were transplanted for high risk leukemia; disease status at SCT was CR1 (8), CR2 (7), refractory (11). A median of 12.2x106/kg (7.3–16.8) CD34+ selected (Clinimacs) and 1x104/kg (0.8–1.4) CD3+ cells were infused after a myeloablative conditioning. 24/26 pts engrafted with a median time of 14 d (8–21) for ANC >1.0x109/l and 13 d (11–24) for plt >50x109/l. No immune reconstitution and no GvHD were observed in absence of TK-add-back. Sixteen pts received TK-DLI at a median dose of 107/kg with 1st infusion at d +42 and 13 pts obtained CD3+ >100/mcl at a median time of 91 d (61–127) from SCT and 24 d (14–42) from TK-DLI. Transduced cells were documented ex vivo in all pts and represented a median of 48% (10–90) of CD3+ cells. Five pts developed acute GvHD, (grade I to IV) that was always completely abrogated by ganciclovir. In patients in CR at time of SCT who were alive at d +42 and received add-backs of Tk cells, OS rate was 46% at 800 days (intention-to-treat analysis: 38% OS at 800 days post-SCT). Of significance, the cumulative incidence of TRM and relapse showed a 40% probability of mortality with a median time of death of 90 days and last event at day +166. This figure indicate that TK cell add-backs abolish late mortality after CD34+ SCT in adults. In patients in relapse at time of HSCT, a median OS of 201 days was obtained in ITT, with a significant advantage on expected survival without transplantation (60 d) and superior results as compared to haplo EBMT registry (80 d). The 2-year estimation of events of this multicenter phase II study confirm that TK-DLI is an effective tool for promoting immune reconstitution and protecting pts from late infectious mortality after haplo-SCT. We believe that these results are due to the rapid development of a wide T cell repertoire obtained by TK cell infusions. Immunological follow-up showed Th1/Tc1 effector memory T cells, with a wide TCR repertoire in the first 3 months after SCT in all patients. High frequencies of T cells specific for CMV (median: 35 and 93 spots/105 cells with CMV-infected donor and host fibroblasts) and EBV (median: 58 and 41 spots/105 cells with donor and host EBV-LCL) were detected by gIFN ELISpot at time of immunereconstitution, and correlated with complete control of viral infections. Normalization of the T cell repertoire was documented by spectratype, immune-phenotype for naïve and memory T cell subsets and gIFN ELIspot 6 months after treatment. A phase III randomized multicentric study will start in 2006.
Endotoxin concentration in neutropenic patients with suspected gram-negative sepsis: correlation with clinical outcome and determination of anti-endotoxin core antibodies during therapy with polyclonal immunoglobulin M-enriched immunoglobulins (1992)

We carried out a study in patients with severe neutropenia from hematologic malignancy and suspected gram-negative sepsis to evaluate the clinical significance of endotoxin concentrations in plasma before and during a therapeutic intervention with a human polyclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM)-enriched immunoglobulin preparation (Pentaglobin; Biotest, Dreieich, Germany). Twenty-one patients with acute leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma entered the study upon the development of clinical signs of gram-negative sepsis and received the IgM-enriched immunoglobulin preparation every 6 h for 3 days (total dose, 1.3 liter with 7.8 g of IgM, 7.8 g of IgA, and 49.4 g of IgG), in addition to standardized antibiotic treatment. Concentrations of endotoxin and IgM and IgG antibodies against lipid A and Re lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in plasma were determined by a modified chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate test and semiquantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, respectively, before each immunoglobulin infusion and during the following 25 days. Seventeen patients were endotoxin positive; in five of these patients, gram-negative infection was confirmed by microbiologic findings. Prior to therapy, endotoxemia correlated significantly with the occurrence of fever, and a quantitative correlation between the endotoxin concentration and body temperature was found during the individual course of infection in 8 of the 17 patients. Overall mortality from endotoxin-positive sepsis was 41% (7 of 17) and 64% (7 of 11) in patients with symptoms of septic shock. Nonsurvivors had significantly higher maximum concentration of endotoxin in plasma compared with those of survivors at the first study day (median of 126 versus 34 pg/ml; P < 0.05) and during the whole septic episode (median of 126 versus 61 pg/ml; P < 0.05). In survivors, immunoglobulin therapy resulted in a significant decrease in endotoxin levels in plasma within the initial 18-h treatment period, from a pretreatment median value of 28 pg/ml to a value of 8 pg/ml (P< 0.05). In the seven patients who died from uncontrollable infection, no effect of therapy on endotoxin levels in plasma was observed. IgM and IgG antibodies against lipid A and Re LPS increased significantly under immunoglobulin treatment, with significant correlations between antibodies against lipid A and Re LPS. These data strongly suggest a prognostic significance of the endotoxin levels in plasma and a potential effect of treatment with a polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulin preparation. Further studies are needed to substantiate these findings and to assess the impact on the clinical course by way of a prospective placebo-controlled clinical trial.
A new algorithm for exposure control based on fuzzy logic for video cameras (1992)

A new auto exposure control system for digital cameras was developed. This system used a new parameter and a new algorithm to detect the extent of backlighting and excessive frontlighting. This algorithm compensates exposure in the case of backlighting or excessive frontlighting, regardless of the position of objects. To achieve this compensation, a new criterion parameter called HIST was introduced in the system. HIST is defined as the ratio between the number of pixels with brightnesses higher than a threshold value and the total number of pixels in the TV picture. Fuzzy logic was applied to determine the amount of compensation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multi-WDM-channel, Gbit/s pulse generation from a single laser source utilizing LD-pumped supercontinuum in optical fibers (1994)

More than 40 wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) channels of 5-10 ps pulse streams are generated over 1530-1570 nm at 6.3 Gbit/s from a single laser source utilizing laser-diode (LD)-pumped supercontinuum in optical fibers for the first time. The time-bandwidth products of the generated pulses are within the range of 0.3-0.6, and it has been verified that the generated WDM picosecond pulses are capable of being interleaved to produce up to 40 WDM channels, each consisting of 50 Gbit/s time-division-multiplexed (TDM) pulse streams, in one optical fiber.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On constrained infinite-time linear quadratic optimal control (2002)

This work presents a solution to the infinite-time linear quadratic optimal control (ITLQOC) problem with state and control constraints. It is shown that a single, finite dimensional, convex program of known size can yield this solution. Properties of the resulting value function, with respect to initial conditions, are also established and are shown to be useful in determining the aforementioned problem size. An example illustrating the method is finally presented.
La metáfora de las tribus urbanas y tribus urbanas como metáforas (2008)

El presente articulo, va a concentrar nuestra atencion en torno al fenomeno de las denominadas “tribus urbanas”. Mediante su nocion y ciertas caracteristicas, se pretende resaltar y otorgar una significacion especial a la reflexion, en torno a la construccion de la razon sensible, socialidad e imaginarios subterraneos, bordados interna, destellante y a manera de metafora entre los miembros de estas nuevas formas de agrupacion juvenil.
Production of <i>p‐</i> hydroxybenzoic acid from <i>p‐</i> coumaric acid by <i>Burkholderia glumae</i> BGR1 (2015)

p-Coumaric acid (pCA) is abundant in biomass with low lignin content, such as straw and stubble from rye, wheat, and barley. pCA can be isolated from biomass and used for the synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbons. Here, we report engineering of the natural pathway for conversion of pCA into p-hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) to increase the amount of pHBA that accumulates more than 100-fold. Burkholderia glumae strain BGR1 (BGR1) grows efficiently on pCA as a sole carbon source via a CoA-dependent non-β-oxidation pathway. This pathway removes two carbons from pCA as acetyl-CoA yielding p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and subsequently oxidizes it to pHBA. To increase the amount of accumulated pHBA in BGR1, we first deleted two genes encoding enzymes that degrade pHBA in the β-ketoadipate pathway. At 10 mM of pCA, the double deletion mutant BGR1_PB4 (Δphb3hΔbcl) accumulated pHBA with 95% conversion, while the control BGR1 accumulated only with 11.2% conversion. When a packed bed reactor containing immobilized BGR1_PB4 cells was operated at a dilution rate 0.2 h(-1) , the productivity of pHBA was achieved at 9.27 mg/L/h for 134 h. However, in a batch reactor at 20 mM pCA, growth of BGR1_PB4 was strongly inhibited, resulting in a low conversion of 19.3%. To further increase the amount of accumulated pCA, we identified the first enzyme in the pathway, p-hydroxcinnmaoyl-CoA synthetase II (phcs II), as the rate-limiting enzyme. Over expression of phcs II using a Palk promoter in a batch reaction at 20 mM of pCA yielded 99.0% conversion to pHBA, which is the highest concentration of pHBA ever reported using a biological process. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1493-1503. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Britain and Germany (1993)

So much in the whole debate turns on the relative merits of Britain and Germany that the theme deserves separate attention. There is no question of Germany's ability, before the First World War, to 'dominate the markets of her neighbours'.1 She was the limitrophe state in Continental Europe, and her advantage in position and communications was overwhelming. By 1910 British imports were still ahead of German in France, Spain, Portugal, Turkey and Greece; in every other country on the Continent Germany had taken the lead. As a correspondent reported to The Times in April 1914, the figures for German success in Russia were now so overwhelming that little room was left for the comfortable hypothesis that Russian statistics were unreliable and that 'German' merchandise was an inaccurate description of the mass of material merely passing through Germany on transit.2
Application of Cryotechniques with Freeze-substitution for the Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Intranuclear pCREB and Chromosome Territory (2005)

Intranuclear localization of signal molecules and chromosome territories has become more attractive in relation to postgenomic analyses of cellular functions. Cryotechniques and freeze-substitution (CrT-FS) have been generally used for electron microscopic observation to obtain better ultrastructure and immunoreactivity. To investigate benefits of applying the CrT-FS method to immunostaining of intranuclear signal molecules and FISH for chromosome territories, we performed an immunohistochemical study of phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element binding protein (pCREB) in mouse cerebellar tissues and a FISH study of chromosome 18 territory in human thyroid tissues using various cryotechniques. The immunoreactivity of pCREB was more clearly detected without antigen retrieval treatment on sections prepared by the CrT-FS method than those prepared by the conventional dehydration method. In the FISH study, more definite probe labeling of the chromosome territory could be obtained on paraffin sections by the CrT-FS method without microwave treatment, although such labeling was not clear even with microwave treatment on sections prepared by the routine dehydration method. The CrT-FS preserved relatively native morphology by preventing shrinkage of nuclei, and produced better immunoreactivity. Because the reduction of routine pretreatments in the present study might reveal more native morphology, the CrT-FS method would be a useful technique for intranuclear immunostaining and FISH.
Semi-Empirical Model for Predicting Surface Coal Mine Drill Respirable Dust Emissions (2003)

Over exposure to airborne respirable crystalline silica dust can cause serious or fatal respiratory disease and mine worker exposure to silica dust continues to be an ongoing occupational health concern. Exposures of surface coal mine rock drillers to respirable crystalline silica are of particular concern. MSHA dust exposure data from 1985–1992 showed that the percentage of the highwall drill dust samples (Designated Work Position, DWP) having greater than 5 percent silica and exceeding the 100 µg/m 3 silica limit were 81 percent and 77 percent, respectively. Although a recent analysis of the MSHA data from 1996–2000 shows that the percentage of the DWP drill dust samples exceeding the permissible exposure limit has dropped to 31 percent, MSHA data still suggests that over exposure to silica dust is an ongoing surface coal mine dust problem for the highwall drill operator. On surface coal mine drills, bailing airflow flushes out the drill hole by removing the cuttings from the hole. Conveyor belting material is typically used to fabricate a shroud around the drill deck in an effort to contain the drill dust so that it can be captured by a collector. Dust leakage from the drill shroud is usually the worst dust source problem on most drills. The focus of this work is drill shroud dust leakage and the relationships of various drilling parameters on this leakage. Experimental data was obtained and used in combination with dimensional analysis to establish these relationships. In general, it is found that airborne respirable dust concentrations vary in a direct relationship with shroud leakage area and in an inverse relationship with drill deck cross-sectional area and shroud height.