gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Joint Inference of Topic Diffusion and Evolution in Social Communities (2011)

The prevalence of Web 2.0 techniques has led to the boom of various online communities, where topics spread ubiquitously among user-generated documents. Working together with this diffusion process is the evolution of topic content, where novel contents are introduced by documents which adopt the topic. Unlike explicit user behavior (e.g., buying a DVD), both the diffusion paths and the evolutionary process of a topic are implicit, making their discovery challenging. In this paper, we track the evolution of an arbitrary topic and reveal the latent diffusion paths of that topic in a social community. A novel and principled probabilistic model is proposed which casts our task as an joint inference problem, which considers textual documents, social influences, and topic evolution in a unified way. Specifically, a mixture model is introduced to model the generation of text according to the diffusion and the evolution of the topic, while the whole diffusion process is regularized with user-level social influences through a Gaussian Markov Random Field. Experiments on both synthetic data and real world data show that the discovery of topic diffusion and evolution benefits from this joint inference, and the probabilistic model we propose performs significantly better than existing methods.
Gittergeometrische Betrachtung der plastischen Verformung von Lavesphasen (1968)

Abstract Die Sprödigkeit vieler intermetallischer Verbindungen auch bei metallischem Bindungscharakter läßt einen Zusammenhang mit der Gittergeometrie vermuten. Der Einfluß der Atomanordnung auf das Gleiten der Versetzungen wird für die Lavesphasengitter des MgZn 2 ‐Typs (C 14) und des MgCu 2 ‐Typs (C 15) vergleichend mit den dicht gepackten metallischen Elementgittern untersucht. Betrachtet werden die Änderung der Koordinationsverhältnisse beim Gleiten, die Verzahnung der Ebenen im Modell starrer Kugeln, mögliche Stapelfehler und Teilversetzungen und daraus die günstigsten Gleitebenen für Ganzversetzungen mit stabilem bzw. gegen Dissoziation indifferentem Burgersvektor und Teilversetzungen ermittelt. Beim Schneiden von gleitenden Stufenversetzungen wird erwartet, daß Zwischengitteratome entstehen. Der Vergleich mit den Elementgittern legt den Schluß nahe, daß die Sprödigkeit der Verbindungsgitter eine Folge der komplizierten Atomanordnung ist.
High-resolution electroless deposits on alumina from ultraviolet exposure of a Pt metalorganic (1992)

Photochemical and electroless metallization techniques have been combined to create metal patterns on alumina (Al2O3). In this positive imaging process, small amounts of an ultraviolet (uv) sensitive metalorganic (MO) Pt compound are first applied to the surface of the alumina by spin coating. A quartz photomask is then used to selectively expose the Pt MO to uv light in the areas that are to be metallized. After a xylene rinse removes the Pt MO from the unexposed areas, the substrate and xylene insoluble Pt MO are fired in air at 450 °C for 5 min, followed by electroless deposition of Ni on the uv exposed surface. Total Pt consumption is to about 0.01–0.02 g/m2 of metallized surface−no Pt or Ni was detected in nonmetallized regions. The uv exposure time is brief, ≤0.75 s, and 0.3-μm-thick Ni/B deposits can be patterned on 96% pure alumina with resolution of nearly 28 μm line/spaces.
Instrumente der österreichischen Umweltpolitik. Luftverbesserung bei stationären Emissionsquellen (1987)

Instrumente der österreichischen Umweltpolitik. Luftverbesserung bei stationären Emissionsquellen
Cross‐Linked Amorphous Nitrilase Aggregates for Enantioselective Nitrile Hydrolysis (2007)

Abstract A recombinant Escherichia coli strain was constructed which efficiently expressed the enantioselective nitrilase from Alcaligenes faecalis DSMZ 30030 as a hisitidine‐tagged enzyme variant under the control of a rhamnose inducible promoter. The enzyme was purified from cell extracts and used for the preparation of cross‐linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The conditions for the preparation of the CLEAs were optimized using various organic solvents and cross‐linking agents and a procedure was developed which combined a precipitation with 85 % (v/v) isopropyl alcohol and a cross‐linking with 30 mM glutaraldehyde. Thus, about 80 % of the initial nitrilase activity could be incorporated into the CLEAs. The hydrolysis of racemic mandelonitrile to ( R )‐mandelic acid was compared between the soluble nitrilase preparations and their CLEAs (nit‐CLEAs). The nitrilase activity in the CLEAs was at 30 °C and 60 °C about 5 times more stable than in the soluble preparations. The CLEAs could be reused 5 times with only about 10 % reduction in activity. The enantioselectivity of the nitrilase for the formation of ( R )‐mandelic acid from racemic mandelonitrile decreased for both preparations with increasing temperatures (10 °C to 50 °C), but this effect was significantly less pronounced for the CLEAs. A detailed analysis of solvent effects on nitrilase enantioselectivity allowed thermodynamic insights into contributions from free energy component (activation enthalpy and entropy) to chiral preference of nitrilase in such non conventional media.
A swing restored pass-transistor logic-based multiply and accumulate circuit for multimedia applications (1996)

Swing restored pass-transistor logic (SRPL), a high-speed, low-power logic circuit technique for VLSI applications, is described. By the use of a pass-transistor network to perform logic evaluation and a latch-type swing restoring circuit to drive gate outputs, this technique renders highly competitive circuit performance. An SRPL based multiply and accumulate circuit for multimedia applications is implemented in double metal 0.4 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.
Real-time pattern recognition. II. Visual conjunctoid neural networks (2002)

For pt.I, see ibid., p.580-3 (1991). Keping Ma (1991) studied alternative approached to airplane recognition. In one comparative study, he evaluated various forms of conjunctoid and normal model performance, based on conjunctive features such as the number of acute, right, and obtuse angles appearing in the visual contour of an airplane. In this paper, the authors first review some Ma's related results. They then describe some of the mathematical details associated with the conjunctoid counterpart to the normal model. The authors also describe some preliminary steps toward automating the feature selection process for conjunctoid neural networks in airplane recognition settings, with an eye toward developing a quite general automatic data processing framework.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * Introduction (2002)

A series of review articles on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease beginning in this issue of Thorax will consider many of the basic science and clinical aspects and provide the clinical scientist and practising physician with an up to date understanding of this common and distressing lung disease.
Fault-tolerant convergence routing (2002)

This paper presents fault-tolerant protocols for fast packet switch networks with convergence routing. The objective is to provide, after a link or a node (switch) failure, fast reconfiguration and continuous host-to-host communication. Convergence routing is a variant of deflection routing, which combines in a dynamic fashion, the on-line routing decision with the traffic load inside the network. Unlike other deflection techniques, convergence routing guarantees that packets will reach or converge to their destinations. This fault-tolerant solution is designed for a switch-based (i.e., arbitrary topology) LAN architecture called MetaNet. The original MetaNet's convergence routing scheme has been modified in order to facilitate the property that the packet header need not be recomputed after a failure and/or a reconfiguration. This is achieved by having, at the network interface, a translator that maps the unique destination address to a virtual address. The virtual addresses are stored at the packet header, and used for convergence routing, with a global sense of direction over (i) a single spanning tree, and (ii) over two edge-disjoint spanning trees, for redundancy (fault tolerance) and greater efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficacy and safety of DFN-11 (sumatriptan injection, 3 mg) in adults with episodic migraine: an 8-week open-label extension study (2018)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02569853 . Registered 07 October 2015.
Nucleophilic attack on olefins initiated by dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium fluoroborate (DMTSF). Azasulfenylation (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic attack on olefins initiated by dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium fluoroborate (DMTSF). AzasulfenylationBarry M. Trost and Tohru ShibataCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 11, 3225–3228Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00375a054RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views812Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (498 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Flexible Quasi‐Solid‐State Nickel–Zinc Battery with High Energy and Power Densities Based on 3D Electrode Design (2016)

A flexible quasi-solid-state Ni-Zn battery is developed by using tiny ZnO nanoparticles and porous ultrathin NiO nanoflakes conformally deposited on hierar chical carbon-cloth-carbon-fiber (CC-CF) as the anode (CC-CF@ZnO) and cathode (CC-CF@NiO), respectively. The device is able to deliver high performance (absence of Zn dendrite), superior to previous reports on aqueous Ni-Zn batteries and other flexible electrochemical energy-storage devices.
A morphology-independent wafer level rivet packaging with lego-like assembly (2005)

The authors have successfully demonstrated an alternative method for high yield packaging process, offering a morphological insensitive and wafer level process. It enables not only the encapsulation to be hermetic but also the vias to be electrically-interconnected simultaneously. The mushroom structure of cap wafer makes the seal-line of solder void-free and the assembly process easier in wafer-alignment, giving room for the mismatched-volume between solder and trench. The mushroom structure is formed by SF/sub 6/-based isotropic Si etch and the solder of Sn is electroplated by thick photoresist lithography. The vias are successfully sealed with solders shaped like a dome at the top corner and electrically interconnected. A gross leak detection of pressurized dye-penetration shows that this scheme is morphologically insensitive compared with the "face-to-face" bonding method.
Estimation of Attentiveness of People Watching TV Based on Their Emotional Behaviors (2013)

We propose a method for estimating the attentiveness of viewers watching TV on the basis of their emotional behaviors. Such behaviors are usually hard to perceive and have in the past required contact-type equipment to measure them. We devised a novel attentiveness estimator that uses three visual features that are correlated with emotional behaviors: the viewer's head motion, blink interval, and eye movement. The main contribution of this paper is that the method automatically obtains these features from ordinary noncontact-type sensors. In addition, the method considers not only the viewer's emotional behaviors but also content features which affect the behaviors. The temporal window pattern in a video sequence is used to describe temporally local features. Experimental results indicate the possibility of recognizing TV viewers' attentiveness from certain visible emotional behaviors measured by common home electronics.
Continuous collision detection for articulated models using Taylor models and temporal culling (2007)

We present a fast continuous collision detection (CCD) algorithm for articulated models using Taylor models and temporal culling. Our algorithm is a generalization of conservative advancement (CA) from convex models [Mirtich 1996] to articulated models with non-convex links. Given the initial and final configurations of a moving articulated model, our algorithm creates a continuous motion with constant translational and rotational velocities for each link, and checks for interferences between the articulated model under continuous motion and other models in the environment and for self-collisions. If collisions occur, our algorithm reports the first time of contact (TOC) as well as collision witness features . We have implemented our CCD algorithm and applied it to several challenging scenarios including locomotion generation, articulated-body dynamics and character motion planning. Our algorithm can perform CCDs including self-collision detection for articulated models consisting of many links and tens of thousands of triangles in 1.22 ms on average running on a 3.6 GHz Pentium 4 PC. This is an improvement on the performance of prior algorithms of more than an order of magnitude.
Small circularly polarised folded patch antenna (2005)

A small circularly polarised (CP) patch antenna with dual T-shaped probe feeds is presented. The patch is folded like a cap to generate a CP wave as well as to reduce the size of the antenna. The proposed antenna is operated at the centre frequency of 2.28 GHz with circular polarisation. The impedance bandwidth (SWR<2) is 21.8% from 2 to 2.49 GHz and the axial ratio bandwidth (AR<3 dB) is 3.5%. The measured gain is around 7.5 dBi. The antenna shows a good CP performance with a symmetric radiation pattern. The total area of reduction is 54% in comparison with the conventional half-wave patch antenna.
A Controlled Trial to Determine the Efficacy of Red and Near-Infrared Light Treatment in Patient Satisfaction, Reduction of Fine Lines, Wrinkles, Skin Roughness, and Intradermal Collagen Density Increase (2013)

Broadband polychromatic PBM showed no advantage over the red-light-only spectrum. However, both novel light sources that have not been previously used for PBM have demonstrated efficacy and safety for skin rejuvenation and intradermal collagen increase when compared with controls.
<i>Lepidium peruvianum</i> chacon restores homeostasis impaired by restraint stress (2004)

Lepidium peruvianum root has been traditionally utilized by native Peruvians, since before the time of the Incas, for both nutritional and putative medicinal purposes as an adaptogen and also to enhance fertility in humans and animals. The present research was conducted to evaluate the anti-stress activity of the methanolic extract of Lepidium peruvianum. The drug is capable of attenuating or even eliminating variations in homeostasis produced by stress since it reduces or abolishes stress-induced ulcers, elevated corticosterone levels, the reduction of glucose and the increase in the weight of adrenal glands produced by stress. It also eliminates the decrease in free fatty-acids (FFA) in plasma produced by stress and we obtain a positive result in the forced-swimming test. Thus, it did not appear to affect restraint stress-induced immunosuppression.
Cyclopropanation of benzylidenemalononitrile with dialkoxycarbenes and free radical rearrangement of the cyclopropanes (2001)

Thermolysis of 2-cinnamyloxy-2-methoxy-5,5-dimethyl-Δ 3 -1,3,4-oxadiazoline (1a) and the analogous 2-benzyloxy-2-methoxy compound (1b) at 110°C, in benzene containing benzylidenemalononitrile, afforded products of apparent regiospecific addition of methoxycarbonyl and cinnamyl (or benzyl) radicals to the double bond. When the thermolysis of 1a was run with added TEMPO, methoxycarbonyl and cinnamyl radicals were captured. Thermolysis of the 2,2-dibenzyloxy analogue (1c) in the presence of benzylidenemalononitrile gave an adduct that is formally the product of addition of benzyloxycarbonyl and benzyl radicals to the double bond. In this case, a radical addition mechanism could be ruled out, because the rate constant for decarboxylation of benzyloxycarbonyl radicals is very large. A mechanism that fits all of the results is predominant cyclopropanation of benzylidenemalononitrile by the dialkoxycarbenes derived from the oxadiazolines, in competition with fragmentation of the carbenes to radical pairs. The cyclopropanes so formed then undergo homolytic ring-opening to the appropriate diradicals. Subsequent β-scission of the diradicals to afford radical pairs, and coupling of those pairs, gives the final products. Thus, both carbene and radical chemistry are involved in the overall processes.Key words: cyclopropane, dialkoxycarbene, β-scission, oxadiazoline, radical.
Indium Sealing Techniques (1972)

Gold films are used as an alloying flux to form 5 μ thick indium film seals at temperatures below 300°C. Pyrex was sealed to quartz, ULE, CER-VIT, Irtran 2, Ge, GaAs, Invar, Kovar, Al, and Cu. The seals can also be used as current feedthroughs and graded seals.
Multi‐Resonance Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophores for Narrowband Green OLEDs (2019)

High-color-purity emissions with small a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) are an ongoing pursuit for high-resolution displays. Though the flourishment of narrow-band emissive materials with multi-resonance induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) in the blue region, such materials have not validated their potential in other color regions. By amplifying the influence of skeleton and peripheral units, a series of highly efficient green-emitting MR-TADF materials are firstly reported. Peripheral units with electron-deficit properties can significantly narrow the energy gap for bathochromic emission without compromising the color fidelity. MR-TADF emitters with photo-luminance quantum yields of above 90 % with FWHMs of ≤25 nm are developed. The corresponding organic light-emitting diodes show maximum external quantum efficiency/ power efficiency of 22.02 %/ 69.82 lm W<sup>-1</sup> with excellent long-term stability.
Rapid Detection of the Sacsin Mutations Causing Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (2001)

Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS; MIM SACS 270550) is frequent in northeastern Québec. Two causal mutations have been identified in the 11.7-kb single exon sacsin gene by sequence-based analyses. Mutation g.6594delT (DeltaT) was reported in 96% of the patients whereas a g.5254C --> T nonsense mutation has been observed only in 2 families. Here we report a reliable and inexpensive method to detect more than 95% of the ARSACS disease alleles from northeastern Québec using allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridization. This procedure is being incorporated into the diagnosis of ARSACS, as well as being used for carrier detection in at-risk families from northeastern Québec.
Optimization of Reflectron for Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies with Multiplexed Multiple Tandem (MS<sup>n</sup>) Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (2010)

Photoexcitation of a precursor ion inside a cell floated at high voltage installed in a tandem time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer provides triple tandem mass spectrometric information and allows kinetic and mechanistic studies. In this work, the factors affecting, or downgrading, the performance of the technique were identified. Ion-optical and computational analyses showed that an optimum instrument could be designed by utilizing a reflectron with linear-plus-quadratic potential inside. Theoretical predictions were confirmed by tests with instruments built with different ion-optical layout. With optimized instruments, masses of intermediate ions in the consecutive dissociation of a precursor ion could be determined with the maximum error of <TEX>$\pm5$</TEX> Da. We also observed excellent agreement in dynamical parameters (critical energy and entropy) for the dissociation of a model peptide ion determined by instruments with different ion-optical layout operated under optimum conditions. This suggests that these parameters can be determined reliably by the kinetic method developed previously when properly designed and operated tandem TOF instruments are used.
Room Temperature Magnetic Graphene Oxide‐ Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Based Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory Devices via Spin‐Dependent Trapping of Electrons (2014)

A MRAM device is fabricated using magnetic graphene oxide- iron oxide nanoparticles nanocomposites together with a platinum electrode and a ferromagnetic cobalt electrode. The device allow for a positive magnetoresistance up to 280% via the spin-dependent trapping of charge carriers. Its low resistance state can be restored by releasing the trapped charges by reversing the direction of current flow together with the magnetic field orientation.
Animal model of sclerotic skin. II. Bleomycin induced scleroderma in genetically mast cell deficient WBB6F1-W/W(V) mice. (1999)

These results show that mast cell is not necessary for inducing dermal sclerosis by bleomycin, and other types of inflammatory cells such as infiltrating macrophages or T lymphocytes may play a role in triggering induction of dermal sclerosis via fibrogenic cytokines. However, mast cell releasing mediators or cytokines may play a role in accelerating formation of dermal sclerosis, in particular, at an early phase of the sclerotic process, and not merely as a result of sclerosis.
Reversible Performance of Dodecyl Tetramethyl Guanidine Solution Induced by CO<sub>2</sub> Trigger (2009)

Abstract Dodecyl tetramethyl guanidine (DTMG) were synthesized and characterized, and its reversible performance was studied. The results showed that DTMG could form bicarbonate ionic adduct after exposed to CO 2 , so it could be used as CO 2 switchable surfactants. By bubbling CO 2 through DTMG solution or heating CO 2 saturated DTMG solution, the alkali and surface active properties of solution was changed reversibly. Emulsion and foam stabilized by DTMG could be controlled between stable and unstable state by CO 2 . In addition, the state of DTMG solution was easy to be distinguished by naked eye through a simple indicator, phenolphthalein. Pink indicated it was inactive, and colorless indicated it was active.