gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Clustering Based Hotspot Identification Approach For Crime Prediction (2020)

With the emergence in the field of crime prediction, researchers found that crime shows geographical patterns. These patterns can be useful to predict crime before it happens and allows police to take proactive measures. Crime prediction finds application in areas like predictive policing, Hotspot evaluation and geographic profiling. Each category of crime holds some relation with time, weather, location, census parameters like annual income, literacy rate of the area. All these serve as indicators for predicting crime. In this work, historic crime events are used as indicators to predict crime. In this paper, a spatiotemporal crime prediction technique based on machine learning coupled with 2-Dimensional Hotspot analysis is proposed. For performing 2-Dimensional Hotspot analysis clustering is used. Performance of the proposed model is compared when it used state of the art classification techniques without hotspot analysis and with hotspot analysis and it is found that model with hotspot analysis achieves better performance.
Representing and Learning High Dimensional Data with the Optimal Transport Map from a Probabilistic Viewpoint (2018)

In this paper, we propose a generative model in the space of diffeomorphic deformation maps. More precisely, we utilize the Kantarovich-Wasserstein metric and accompanying geometry to represent an image as a deformation from templates. Moreover, we incorporate a probabilistic viewpoint by assuming that each image is locally generated from a reference image. We capture the local structure by modelling the tangent planes at reference images. Once basis vectors for each tangent plane are learned via probabilistic PCA, we can sample a local coordinate, that can be inverted back to image space exactly. With experiments using 4 different datasets, we show that the generative tangent plane model in the optimal transport (OT) manifold can be learned with small numbers of images and can be used to create infinitely many 'unseen' images. In addition, the Bayesian classification accompanied with the probabilist modeling of the tangent planes shows improved accuracy over that done in the image space. Combining the results of our experiments supports our claim that certain datasets can be better represented with the Kantarovich-Wasserstein metric. We envision that the proposed method could be a practical solution to learning and representing data that is generated with templates in situatons where only limited numbers of data points are available.
Bibliography of Health and Physical Education (1936)

(1936). Bibliography of Health and Physical Education. Research Quarterly. American Physical Education Association: Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 3-43.
Germ cell transfer into rat, bovine, monkey and human testes (1999)

Germ cell transplantation is a potentially valuable technique offering oncological patients gonadal protection by reinitiating spermatogenesis from stem cells which were reinfused into the seminiferous tubules. In order to achieve an intratubular germ cell transfer, intratubular microinjection, efferent duct injections and rete testis injections were applied on dissected testes of four different species: rat, bull, monkey and man. Ultrasound-guided intratesticular rete testis injection was the best and least invasive injection technique with maximal infusion efficiency for larger testes. Deep infiltration of seminiferous tubules was only achieved in immature or partially regressed testes. This technique was applied in vivo on two cynomolgus monkeys. In the first monkey a deep infusion of injected cells and dye into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules was achieved. In the second, transplanted germ cells were present in the seminiferous epithelium 4 weeks after the transfer. These cells were morphologically identified as B-spermatogonia and located at the base of the seminiferous epithelium. In summary, this paper describes a promising approach for germ cell infusion into large testes. The application of this technique is the first successful attempt of a germ cell transfer in a primate.
Immunohistologic studies of lymphomas. New methodology yields new information and poses new problems. (1979)

There occur tumors corresponding to almost all kinds of normal tissues, and clearly our classification of tumors will run parallel with our classification of normal tissues.
Visual affective classification by combining visual and text features (2017)

Affective analysis of images in social networks has drawn much attention, and the texts surrounding images are proven to provide valuable semantic meanings about image content, which can hardly be represented by low-level visual features. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for visual affective classification (VAC) task. This approach combines visual representations along with novel text features through a fusion scheme based on Dempster-Shafer (D-S) Evidence Theory. Specifically, we not only investigate different types of visual features and fusion methods for VAC, but also propose textual features to effectively capture emotional semantics from the short text associated to images based on word similarity. Experiments are conducted on three public available databases: the International Affective Picture System (IAPS), the Artistic Photos and the MirFlickr Affect set. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach combining visual and textual features provides promising results for VAC task.
Going loopy over consciousness (2007)

Douglas Hofstadter's writing talent makes his love of paradox contagious. Reading I Am a Strange Loop inclines one to see whimsical connections, language games and self-reference everywhere. Part of Hofstadter invades one's brain and starts thinking there in its own right – a phenomenon that is itself a theme of the book. Hofstadter, therefore, is in effect co-writing this review, inclining it towards paradox. Which may be why my method of urging you to read the book will itself be paradoxical: I shall summarize why I find it ultimately unconvincing.
Information Security Risk Assessment and Pointed Reporting: Scalable Approach (2009)

Network managers of Higher Educational Institutes, are well aware of general information security issues, related to campus networks. There are well developed security metrics, giving exhaustive list of security controls, required to mitigate different risks. Accordingly, various security measures and technologies are being deployed. However, at present, not enough attention is being paid on measuring the effectiveness of these controls and overall state of security in the institution. In this study, attempt is made to build a metric based assessment and reporting plan, specific to the needs of an academic environment. Proposed assessment metric facilitates iterative implementation, by prioritizing each metric. Secondly, to reduce response time, a novel approach of pointed reporting is suggested, where responsibilities are distributed across the institution, based on relevant roles. In this approach, security exceptions are reported directly to the predefined roles, responsible for that particular security control. This pointed reporting, delivers message to the right person in minimum time, resulting in improved response time. The proposed assessment metric and pointed reporting structure, will improve overall security governance. As security measures and practices can be assessed systematically and remedial actions can be taken in less time, which is so crucial for effective security governance.
Trap Responses of Flying Insects: The Influence of Trap Design on Capture Efficiency (1991)

Light traps suction traps pheromone-based and sex lure traps light traps versus pheromone traps flight traps and interceptor traps plant pest responses to visual and olfactory sticky traps responses of blood-sucking flies to visual traps animal-baited traps and animal odours attraction of blowflies and their allies to carrion-based traps.
Frequent loss of heterozygosity in human primary squamous cell and colon carcinomas at 7q31.1: evidence for a broad range tumor suppressor gene. (1995)

Consistent deletions and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in polymorphic markers in a determinate chromosomal fragment are known to be indicative of a closely mapping tumor suppressor gene. Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7 is a frequent trait in many kinds of human primary tumors. We studied LOH of 14 markers on chromosome 7q in order to determine the location of a putative tumor suppressor gene in human primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and in human primary colon carcinomas. Samples were obtained from 18 primary squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck and 18 primary colon carcinomas surgically removed from patients at the Fox Chase Cancer Center. Loss of heterozygosity was studied performing PCR amplifications of a set of 14 CA microsatellite repeats encompassing 7q21-qter. Of 18 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck cases studied, 12 had LOH at one or more loci on 7q. Fifty-three percent of 15 informative cases had LOH of the CA microsatellite dinucleotide repeat marker D7S522 at 7q31.1-7q31.2. Eleven of 18 colon carcinoma cases had LOH of one or more markers assayed, and the maximum LOH (80% of 10 informative cases) was at D7S522. Distributions of percentage of LOH in both tumor types were normally distributed around microsatellite D7S522. The high incidence of LOH in both tumor types studied suggests that a tumor suppressor gene relevant to the development of epithelial cancers is present on the 7q31.1-31.2, confirming our previous functional evidence for a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 7.
Description and Discrimination of Planar Shapes Using Shape Matrices (1985)

A shape descriptor has been developed which can describe a shape independent of its translation, rotation, and scaling. The description is in the form of a matrix and it is obtained by a polar quantization of a shape. The quantization process takes into consideration not only a shape's outer geometry but its inner geometry as well. The descriptor is information preserving and if the quantization parameters are selected properly, it is possible to reconstruct an original shape from its description. In this technique, shape discrimination is possible by a simple EXCLUSIVE-OR operation on shape descriptions.
Perfluorooctanoic Acid for Shotgun Proteomics (2010)

Here, we describe the novel use of a volatile surfactant, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), for shotgun proteomics. PFOA was found to solubilize membrane proteins as effectively as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). PFOA concentrations up to 0.5% (w/v) did not significantly inhibit trypsin activity. The unique features of PFOA allowed us to develop a single-tube shotgun proteomics method that used all volatile chemicals that could easily be removed by evaporation prior to mass spectrometry analysis. The experimental procedures involved: 1) extraction of proteins in 2% PFOA; 2) reduction of cystine residues with triethyl phosphine and their S-alkylation with iodoethanol; 3) trypsin digestion of proteins in 0.5% PFOA; 4) removal of PFOA by evaporation; and 5) LC-MS/MS analysis of the resulting peptides. The general applicability of the method was demonstrated with the membrane preparation of photoreceptor outer segments. We identified 75 proteins from 1 µg of the tryptic peptides in a single, 1-hour, LC-MS/MS run. About 67% of the proteins identified were classified as membrane proteins. We also demonstrate that a proteolytic (18)O labeling procedure can be incorporated after the PFOA removal step for quantitative proteomic experiments. The present method does not require sample clean-up devices such as solid-phase extractions and membrane filters, so no proteins/peptides are lost in any experimental steps. Thus, this single-tube shotgun proteomics method overcomes the major drawbacks of surfactant use in proteomic experiments.
Photoelectrochemical Properties of Thin Films of Zinc Porphyrin Derivatives with Pyridyl Group (1989)

Abstract The cathodic photocurrents of the film electrodes of ZnPyP3P(3) and ZnPyP3P(4), (PyP3P(n), 5-(2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, where (n) denotes the position of free bond of pyridyl group), were almost four times larger than that of ZnTPP (TPP, 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin) in 0.01 mol dm−3 quinhydrone aqueous solution at pH 5. On the other hand, the very small anodic photocurrent was observed with the film electrodes of ZnTPyP(3) and ZnTPyP(4) (TPyP(n),5,10,15,20-tetra(2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl)porphyrin). The photoelectrochemical properties of ZnPyP3P(2) and ZnTPyP(2) were distinct from those of other structural isomers, but approximately similar to those of ZnTPP. The conductivities of ZnPyP3P(n) films were about three oders of magnitude larger than those of ZnTPP and ZnTPyP(n) films. It was found from the absorption and resonance Raman spectra that the pyridyl group in porphyrin coordinated to zinc in another porphyrin in the solid films as well as in toluene and dichloromethane solutions. The molecular arrangement of zinc porphyrin in the solid film probably influenced the photoelectrochemical properties and the conductivity.
Serial triple quantum sodium MRI during non‐human primate focal brain ischemia (2006)

Triple quantum (TQ) sodium MRI techniques with clinically acceptable 18-min data acquisition times were demonstrated in vivo in a nonhuman primate model of focal brain ischemia. Focal brain ischemia was induced in four animals using embolization coils to occlude the posterior cerebral artery, and a balloon catheter to occlude the middle cerebral artery. A statistically significant increase (P < 0.001) in the TQ sodium MRI signal intensity in the ischemic hemisphere relative to the contralateral hemisphere was seen at all time points in all four animals. This increased TQ sodium MRI signal intensity was demonstrated as early as 0.6 hr after the onset of ischemia. The TQ sodium MRI hyperintensity corresponded to the anatomical location of the ischemic cortex, as indicated by the registration of the TQ imaging data with anatomical proton MRI data. The results demonstrate that early after the onset of ischemia, there was an increase in the TQ signal intensity in the ischemic hemisphere, and a negligible change in the single quantum (SQ) signal intensity.
A dominant role for glucose in β cell compensation of insulin resistance (2007)

Increased insulin secretion and expansion of pancreatic beta cell mass work together to maintain normal glucose levels when insulin resistance develops. Changes in glucose concentration have long been known to have profound effects upon the rates of insulin secretion and beta cell mass, but various other agents can also cause changes, raising questions about which mechanisms are dominant. Evidence favoring a dominant role for glucose is provided by Terauchi et al. in this issue of the JCI (see the related article beginning on page 246). Mice haploinsufficient for beta cell glucokinase (Gck) were unable to increase their beta cell mass in response to insulin resistance produced by high-fat feeding. Gck is known to be the glucose sensor for glucose metabolism in beta cells. The study also provides strong evidence that insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2), which is known to have major effects on beta cell growth and survival, is a key downstream mediator of the effects of glucose found in this study.
The Amino-Terminal C/H1 Domain of CREB Binding Protein Mediates Zta Transcriptional Activation of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus (1999)

Latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is maintained as a nucleosome-covered episome that can be transcriptionally activated by overexpression of the viral immediate-early protein, Zta. We show here that reactivation of latent EBV by Zta can be significantly enhanced by coexpression of the cellular coactivators CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300. A stable complex containing both Zta and CBP could be isolated from lytically stimulated, but not latently infected RAJI nuclear extracts. Zta-mediated viral reactivation and transcriptional activation were both significantly inhibited by coexpression of the E1A 12S protein but not by an N-terminal deletion mutation of E1A (E1ADelta2-36), which fails to bind CBP. Zta bound directly to two related cysteine- and histidine-rich domains of CBP, referred to as C/H1 and C/H3. These domains both interacted specifically with the transcriptional activation domain of Zta in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Interestingly, we found that the C/H3 domain was a potent dominant negative inhibitor of Zta transcriptional activation function. In contrast, an amino-terminal fragment containing the C/H1 domain was sufficient for coactivation of Zta transcription and viral reactivation function. Thus, CBP can stimulate the transcription of latent EBV in a histone acetyltransferase-independent manner mediated by the CBP amino-terminal C/H1-containing domain. We propose that CBP may regulate aspects of EBV latency and reactivation by integrating cellular signals mediated by competitive interactions between C/H1, C/H3, and the Zta activation domain.
Malignant Pancreatic Endocrine Tumor in a Child With Tuberous Sclerosis (2003)

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant condition whose signs and symptoms may vary from a few hypopigmented skin spots to epilepsy, severe mental retardation, and renal failure. The disease is caused by mutations in either TSC1 or TSC2 gene, at chromosome 9q34 and 16p13.3. Inactivation of both alleles at TSC1 or TSC2 loci is associated with the development of hamartomas in different organs, and only rarely with malignant neoplasms. In this study we present a 6-year-old boy with TSC and with a malignant islet cell tumor of the pancreas. Mutation analysis of DNA extracted from peripheral blood cells of the patient identified an R1459X de novo mutation in exon 33 of the TSC2 gene. Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-tuberin antibodies on paraffin-embedded tissue sections showed loss of tuberin immunostaining in tumor cells but normal expression in residual normal pancreas. DNA analysis of tumor and normal cells showed chromosome 16p13 loss of heterozygosity in malignant pancreatic islet cell tumor but not in normal pancreas. These findings suggest a role for tuberin, the TSC2 gene product, in the pathogenesis of malignant pancreatic endocrine tumor.
Location-oblivious data transfer with flying entangled qudits (2011)

We present a simple and practical quantum protocol involving two mistrustful agencies in Minkowski space, which allows Alice to transfer data to Bob at a space-time location that neither can predict in advance. The location depends on both Alice's and Bob's actions. The protocol guarantees unconditionally to Alice that Bob learns the data at a randomly determined location; it guarantees to Bob that Alice will not learn the transfer location even after the protocol is complete. The task implemented, transferring data at a space-time location that remains hidden from the transferrer, has no precise analog in nonrelativistic quantum cryptography. It illustrates further the scope for novel cryptographic applications of relativistic quantum theory.
Integrin αvβ3-Targeted Radioimmunotherapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme (2008)

Radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-labeled Abegrin may prove promising in the treatment of highly vascular, invasive, and heterogeneous malignant brain tumors.
Early Output Logic using Anti-Tokens (2003)

Delay-insensitive dual-rail and bundled data design methodologies are the two main approaches used for the creation of asynchronous circuits. Bundled data allows the creation of fast, low overhead circuits, whereas dual-rail allows bit-level pipelining and average case performance. This paper describes 'Early output' logic, which combines the positive features of the two methods to create faster asynchronous circuits. This method allows the creation of circuits yielding performance faster than their synchronous counterparts. Early output implementations allow logic to evaluate results before all inputs are presented. The results move to the next stage, but the current stage stalls while waiting for the late inputs to arrive simply to acknowledge them. This unnecessary wait can be removed by allowing backwards propagating 'Anti-Tokens' to remove the late inputs. The use of anti-tokens and improved semi-decoupled latches allows the removal of many stalls due to unnecessary synchronisations, thus improving the performance of the circuit.
Injuries Associated With Bottles, Pacifiers, and Sippy Cups in the United States, 1991–2010 (2012)

This study is the first to use a nationally representative sample to examine injuries associated with these products. Given the number of injuries, particularly those associated with falls while using the product, greater efforts are needed to promote proper usage, ensure safety in product design, and increase awareness of American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendations for transitioning to a cup and discontinuing pacifier use.
Handwritten word recognition using HMM with adaptive length Viterbi algorithm (1992)

The authors have developed a handwritten word recognition scheme based on a single contextual, discrete symbol probability hidden Markov model (HMM) incorporated with an adaptive length Viterbi algorithm. This work attempts to extend the earlier HMM scheme for naturally segmented word recognition to cursive and nonsegmented word recognition. The algorithm presegments the script into characters and/or fractions of characters, dynamically selects the correct segmentation points, determines the word length, and recognizes the word according to the maximum path probability. The HMM is on top of, but independent of, script segmentation and character recognition techniques, and therefore leaves room for further improvement. The experiments have shown promising results and directions for further improvement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spreaded-vertical-capacitor cell (SVC) for beyond 64 Mbit DRAMs (2002)

An advanced three-dimensionally (3-D) stacked capacitor cell, SVC, was developed. The SVC shows good electrical characteristics, and it realized a capacitance of 43 fF with a cell area of 1.8 mu m/sup 2/. The uniform formation of the capacitor-dielectric-film (oxide-nitride-oxide film: ONO) on the experimental storage electrode indicates the uniform deposition of the ONO film on all kinds of 3-D storage electrodes including that of the SVC. The SVC is the most promising cell structure for beyond 64 Mbit DRAMs (dynamic RAMs).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>