gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
16-Hydroxylated Steroids. XXIII.<sup>1</sup> 21-Chloro-16α-hydroxycorticoids and Their 16α, 17α-Acetonides (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT16-Hydroxylated Steroids. XXIII.1 21-Chloro-16α-hydroxycorticoids and Their 16α, 17α-AcetonidesSeymour Bernstein, Robert B. Brownfield, Robert H. Lenhard, Sidney Mauer, and Ira RinglerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 2, 690–692Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01049a545https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01049a545research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phagocidal Activity of the Hydrolyzate of Acetal Derivatives of Oxidized Spermine and Its N,N′-Dimethyl Analog (1975)

The hydrolysis of acetal derivatives of oxidized spermine, N, N′-bis (3, 3-diethoxypropyl)-1, 4-diaminobutane, and its N, N′-dimethyl analog with acid was practically complete within 1 hr. During the hydrolysis of these compounds, no detectable amounts of acrolein were formed in the reaction mixture. While the hydrolyzate of the acetal derivative of oxidized spermine potently inactivated bacteriophage T1, that of the N, N′-dimethyl analog had little phagocidal activity.
Alignment of non-overlapping sequences (2002)

This paper shows how two image sequences that have no spatial overlap between their fields of view can be aligned both in time and in space. Such alignment is possible when the two cameras are attached closely together and are moved jointly in space. The common motion induces "similar" changes over time within the two sequences. This correlated temporal behavior is used to recover the spatial and temporal transformations between the two sequences. The requirement of "coherent appearance" in standard image alignment techniques is therefore replaced by "coherent temporal behavior", which is often easier to satisfy. This approach to alignment can be used not only for aligning nan-overlapping sequences, but also for handling other cases that are inherently difficult for standard image alignment techniques. We demonstrate applications of this approach to three real-world problems: (i) alignment of non-overlapping sequences for generating wide-screen movies, (ii) alignment of images (sequences) obtained at significantly different zooms, for surveillance applications, and (iii) multi-sensor image alignment for multi-sensor fusion.
Anti-inflammatory therapies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis guided by immune pathways. (2015)

Sporadic ALS patients display heterogeneous immune pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We tested nine sALS patients and one unaffected identical twin of an index case by RNA-Seq of PBMCs. The inflammatory patients (n = 3) clustered into a subset with an inflammatory Th1/Th17 signature and the non-inflammatory patients (n = 7) into another subset with a B cell signature. The inflammatory subset was remarkable for granulocyte and agranulocyte diapedesis, hepatic fibrosis, roles of cytokines and metalloproteases. The non-inflammatory subset was highlighted by degradation of vitamin E, serotonin and nucleotides, altered T cell and B cell signaling, agranulocyte diapedesis, and up regulation of B cell genes. Identification of these differentially regulated pathways in sALS patients may guide the choice of anti-inflammatory therapies.
Aminoalkyldibenzo[a,e]cyclopropa[c]cycloheptene derivatives. Series of potent antidepressants (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAminoalkyldibenzo[a,e]cyclopropa[c]cycloheptene derivatives. Series of potent antidepressantsW. E. Coyne and J. W. CusicCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 1, 72–75Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00247a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00247a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tolerance to discordant xenografts. I. Sharing of human natural antibody determinants on miniature swine bone marrow cells and endothelial cells. (1994)

Xenotransplantation could potentially overcome the organ shortage that currently limits the field of transplantation. Because of their breeding characteristics as well as their size and physiologic similarities to humans, we have chosen miniature swine as possible xenograft donors, and are currently attempting to develop a means of using mixed xenogeneic chimerism as an approach to tolerance induction in swine-to-primate species combinations. One major barrier to organ grafting from pig to man is the presence in human serum of preformed natural antibodies (NAb) reacting with antigens expressed on porcine endothelial cells and causing hyperacute rejection. Previous experiments performed in our laboratory have shown that both humoral and cellular tolerance can be induced in a concordant xenogeneic species combination (rat-->mouse) using donor bone marrow infusion following conditioning with a nonmyeloablative regimen. Induction of chimerism in these animals was associated with a marked reduction in the level of IgM natural antibodies that recognize rat bone marrow cells. A similar approach could also lead to humoral and cellular tolerance induction in the swine-->human species combination, permitting transplantation of vascularized organs from the swine donor. To determine the potential of bone marrow transplantation to induce a state of "natural antibody tolerance," it was essential to determine whether or not all human NAb target antigens expressed on swine EC are also expressed on cells derived from swine bone marrow. We have addressed this question by evaluating the ability of various swine bone marrow-derived cells to absorb human IgM and IgG NAb that bind to swine EC. Our results demonstrate that swine bone marrow cells and their progeny can absorb almost all IgM NAb that bind to swine EC, as detected by flow cytometric and ELISA assays. Specificity of absorption was demonstrated, as total serum IgM levels declined only minimally after absorption on swine BMC and to an extent comparable to that observed following absorption with human cells, which did not deplete swine EC-binding NAb. Human IgG binding to swine EC was also completely absorbed by swine BMC. These results suggest that a state of "NAb tolerance" could be induced by successful swine marrow engraftment in man. Furthermore, swine PBL, platelets, and EC were able to absorb most IgM NAb that bound to swine BMC, suggesting that absorption using antigen from any of these tissues might facilitate marrow engraftment, and hence tolerance induction, in this species combination.
The hybrid BCI (2010)

Nowadays, everybody knows what a hybrid car is. A hybrid car normally has 2 engines, its main purpose being to enhance energy efficiency and reduce CO2 output. Similarly, a typical hybrid brain-computer interface (BCI) is also composed of 2 BCIs or at least one BCI and another system. Such a hybrid BCI, like any BCI, must fulfil the following four criteria: (i) the device must rely on signals recorded directly from the brain; (ii) there must be at least one recordable brain signal that the user can intentionally modulate to effect goal-directed behaviour; (iii) real time processing; and (iv) the user must obtain feedback. This paper introduces some hybrid BCIs which have already been published or are currently in development or validation, and some concepts for future work. The BCIs described classify 2 EEG patterns: One is the event-related (de)synchronisation (ERD, ERS) of sensorimotor rhythms, and the other is the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). The hybrid BCI can either have more than one input whereby the inputs are typically processed simultaneously or operate 2 systems sequentially, whereby the first system can act as a “brain switch”. In the case of self-paced operation of a SSVEP-based hand orthosis control with an motor imagery-based switch it was possible to reduce the rate of false positives during resting periods by about 50% compared to the SSVEP BCI alone. It is shown that such a brain switch can also rely on hemodynamic changes measured through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Another interesting approach is a hybrid BCI with simultaneous operations of ERD- and SSVEP-based BCIs. Here it is important to prove the existing promising offline simulation results with online experiments. Hybrid BCIs can also use one brain signal and another input. Such an additional input can be a physiological signal like the heart rate but also a signal from an external device like, an eye gaze control system.
Mitogenic Signals Initiated via Interleukin-6 Receptor Complexes in Cooperation with Other Transmembrane Molecules in Myelomas (2006)

Cytokines exert multiple biological functions through binding to their specific receptors that triggers activation of intracellular signaling cascades. The cytokine-mediated signals may produce variable and even opposing effects on different cell types, depending on cellular context that is also dictated by the differentiation stage of the cell. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a monoclonal proliferative disorder of human plasma cells. Myeloma cells appear to include mixed subpopulations in accordance with the expression of their surface antigens, such as CD45. Although interleukin-6 (IL-6) is widely accepted as the most relevant growth factor for myeloma cells, only a few subpopulations of tumor cells, such as CD45(+) immature cells, proliferate in response to IL-6. The activation of both signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 is not sufficient for IL-6-induced proliferation of myeloma cells that requires the src family kinase activation associated with a rapid translocation of CD45 to lipid rafts. The CD45 expression renders myeloma cells competent for not only mitogenic but also apoptotic stimuli, resulting in either proliferation or apoptosis of CD45(+) myeloma cells dependently upon the circumstantial stimuli. In contrast, in CD45(-) myeloma cells highly expressing IL-6 receptor alpha chain (IL-6Ralpha), IL-6Ralpha and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I receptors exist on plasma membrane in close proximity, facilitating efficient assembly of two receptors in response to IL-6. The synergistic effects of IL-6Ralpha on IGF-I receptor-mediated signals provide a novel insight into a Jak-independent IL-6 signaling mechanism of receptor cross talk in human myeloma cells. Furthermore, the signaling cross talk between the cytokine receptor, IL-6Ralpha/gp130 and the growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 3 appears in myeloma cells carrying t(4;14)(p16.3;q32). In this review we propose several mechanisms of the IL-6-induced cell proliferation that is strictly dependent upon the cellular context in myelomas.
FingerInput (2018)

Single-hand thumb-to-finger microgestures have shown great promise for expressive, fast and direct interactions. However, pioneering gesture recognition systems each focused on a particular subset of gestures. We are still in lack of systems that can detect the set of possible gestures to a fuller extent. In this paper, we present a consolidated design space for thumb-to-finger microgestures. Based on this design space, we present a thumb-to-finger gesture recognition system using depth sensing and convolutional neural networks. It is the first system that accurately detects the touch points between fingers as well as the finger flexion. As a result, it can detect a broader set of gestures than the existing alternatives, while also providing high-resolution information about the contact points. The system shows an average accuracy of 91% for the real-time detection of 8 demanding thumb-to-finger gesture classes. We demonstrate the potential of this technology via a set of example applications.
Fluorocyclines. 1. 7-Fluoro-9-pyrrolidinoacetamido-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline: A Potent, Broad Spectrum Antibacterial Agent (2011)

This and the accompanying report (DOI: 10.1021/jm201467r ) describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new generation of tetracycline antibacterial agents, 7-fluoro-9-substituted-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracyclines ("fluorocyclines"), accessible through a recently developed total synthesis approach. These fluorocyclines possess potent antibacterial activities against multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. One of the fluorocyclines, 7-fluoro-9-pyrrolidinoacetamido-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline (17j, also known as TP-434, 50th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Conference , Boston, MA , September 12-15, 2010 , poster F1 - 2157 ), is currently undergoing phase 2 clinical trials in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI).
Evaluation of the antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide in combination with three different vehicles: An in vitro study (2012)

As an intracanal medication, the chlorhexidine/CH combination had significantly more antibacterial activity than DW/CH combination.
The Crystal Structure of Nitrophorin 2 (2000)

Nitrophorin 2 (NP2) (also known as prolixin-S) is a salivary protein that transports nitric oxide, binds histamine, and acts as an anticoagulant during blood feeding by the insect Rhodnius prolixus. The 2.0-A crystal structure of NP2 reveals an eight-stranded antiparallel beta-barrel containing a ferric heme coordinated through His(57), similar to the structures of NP1 and NP4. All four Rhodnius nitrophorins transport NO and sequester histamine through heme binding, but only NP2 acts as an anticoagulant. Here, we demonstrate that recombinant NP2, but not recombinant NP1 or NP4, is a potent anticoagulant; recombinant NP3 also displays minor activity. Comparison of the nitrophorin structures suggests that a surface region near the C terminus and the loops between beta strands B-C and E-F is responsible for the anticoagulant activity. NP2 also displays larger NO association rates and smaller dissociation rates than NP1 and NP4, which may result from a more open and more hydrophobic distal pocket, allowing more rapid solvent reorganization on ligand binding. The NP2 protein core differs from NP1 and NP4 in that buried Glu(53), which allows for larger NO release rates when deprotonated, hydrogen bonds to invariant Tyr(81). Surprisingly, this tyrosine lies on the protein surface in NP1 and NP4.
[Double helix DNA]. (1983)

Various conformations of the DNA complementary helix are considered. Computer calculations of the conformational possibilities of the double helix are compared with the forms known from experiment. The frequences for fluctuational transitions from the B form into the forms of higher energy (A, Z) under physiological conditions are calculated on the basis of thermodynamical parameters for the B--A and B--Z shifts.
Polymorphisms of adrenergic cardiovascular control genes are associated with adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome (2010)

CFS might be related to polymorphisms of COMT and the β₂ -adrenergic receptor. More details of the molecular mechanisms remain to be investigated.
Multiresolution multiplicative autoregressive coding of images (1991)

A multiresolution multiplicative autoregressive (MMAR) coding method which is an extension of two-dimensional scalar predictive coding is presented. The hybrid coding method utilizes linear filters, subsampling, and stable block adaptive 2-D predictors to model the image. The design and implementation of the MMAR image coding scheme are discussed in detail.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Pentose Cycle (Hexose Monophosphate Shunt) (1989)

The difference between the 14CO2 outputs from [1-14C]glucose and [6-14C]glucose has frequently been used as a measure of activity in the hexose monophosphate shunt without considering the exact significance of this difference. Assuming only 1) that all C-1 of glucose is released to CO2 on entry to the shunt and 2) that the shunt provides the only mechanism for increasing C-1 of glucose over C-6 of glucose in CO2, it is very simply shown that the flux from glucose to the shunt is not less than the difference between the 14CO2 outputs at any time after adding labeled glucose nor more than the steady-state output of 14CO2 from [1-14C]glucose. Moreover, absence of a 14CO2 difference does not prove that the shunt is absent or inactive. The value for the minimum flux rate can be maximized by following the time course of the C-1 - C-6 difference in 14CO2 during the transient phase before isotopic equilibration is complete, but useful values can be obtained when the time course is not available. The above relationships are applicable to gluconeogenic as well as non-gluconeogenic tissues. Applications of these relationships to peripheral ganglia from chicken embryos, in which the 14CO2 difference passes through a maximum during incubation, show that 27-37% of the glucose taken up enters the pentose cycle in sympathetic ganglia from 10-day-old embryos, while 17-36% enters the cycle in 15-day-old dorsal root ganglia.
KINETIC ANALYSIS OF CELL SIZE AND DNA CONTENT DISTRIBUTIONS DURING TUMOR CELL PROLIFERATION: EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR STUDY (1975)

In order to study the growth dynamics of proliferating and non-proliferating cells utilizing discrete-time state equations, the cell cycle was divided into a finite number of age compartments. In analysing tumor growth, the kinetic parameters associated with a retardation in the growth rate of tumors were characterized by computer simulation in which the simulated results of the growth curve, the growth fraction, and the mean generation time were adjusted to fit the experimental data. The cell age distibution during the period of growth was obtained and by a linear transformation of the state transition matrices, was employed to specify the cell size and DNA content distributions. In an application of the model, the time-course behavior of cell cycle parameters of Ehrlich ascites tumor is illustrated, and the parameters important for the transition of cells in the proliferating compartment to the non-proliferating compartment are discussed, particularly in relation to the G1-G0 and G2-G0 transitions of non-cycling cells as revealed by the variation of cell size distribution.
Markers of HIV Infection Prior to IgG Antibody Seropositivity (1989)

During a 1-year period of study at two plasma collection centers, 7 of 35,000 plasma donors seroconverted to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and had stored plasma samples that predated or antedated the seroconversion period. From each donor, three to eight plasma samples that had been collected at 2- to 7-day intervals were tested for IgG and IgM antibodies to HIV with enzyme immunoassays, Western blot testing, and radioimmunoprecipitation assays. The presence of an HIV viremic phase was demonstrated by the infectivity of plasma on normal, phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and by the detection of HIV antigen. In 5 of these donors, HIV antigen was detected prior to or simultaneously with IgG to HIV; these HIV-antigen-positive samples overlapped an IgM immune response. The disappearance of detectable HIV antigen, and to a lesser extent plasma infectivity, was concurrent with the development of an IgG immune response. Although the improved sensitivity of a recombinant DNA-derived anti-HIV screening assay shortened the "window period" between initial HIV infection and antibody detection, HIV antigen and plasma HIV viremia were the only markers of HIV infection for several days in 2 donors. These results demonstrate that HIV plasma viremia and antigenemia occur prior to seroconversion in healthy plasma donors.
Reflection and Transmission Interference Filters for the Infrared (1946)

Author Institution: Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan
Ring transformation reactions of <i>C</i>‐nucleosides: Facile synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5‐<i>a</i>]pyrimidine and pyrazolo[1,5‐<i>a</i>]triazine <i>C</i>‐nucleosides (1986)

Abstract 1,3‐Dimethyluracil ( 1 ), a versatile synthon for the synthesis of various heterocycles, reacted readily with 3‐aminopyrazoles 2 in sodium ethoxide to give pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]pyrimidines 3 . Under similar conditions, 3‐aminopyrazole C ‐nucleosides 4 and the synthon 1 gave a mixture of pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]pyrimidine C ‐nucleosides, which was separated on a silica gel column. Attempts to remove the protecting groups yielded pyranose derivative 10 . Another synthon 1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐azauracil and 3‐aminopyrazoles 12 gave pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]triazines 13 . In a similar reaction with 3‐aminopyrazole C ‐nucleosides 4 gave the corresponding pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]‐triazine C ‐nucleosides 14 and 15 .
Battery State-of-Charge Pulse-and-Glide Strategy Development of Hybrid Electric Vehicles for VTS Motor Vehicle Challenge (2018)

Reducing fuel consumption is an important design goal for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Optimizing control design is the critical topic to achieve this goal. This paper presents a new angle to describe the HEV dynamic system and to design the control architecture for the program 2018 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), which focuses on the energy management of a Range Extender Electric Vehicle, the Chevrolet Volt. The aim is to develop a robust Energy Management Strategy to minimize the fuel consumption and the battery charging cost. A battery state-of-charge (SOC) pulse-and-glide strategy is developed and implemented. Simulation results show that the designed control approach leads to over 10% combined cost reduction on average, compared to the original control. The resulted global combined score is 6.641 US$, ranking No.5 globally among the 52 competitors in the 2018 IEEE VTS Motor Vehicles Challenge.