gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interrelationships Among Fluency Producing Variables in Stuttered Speech (1968)

This report presents a limited theory (Auditory Interference Theory) which integrates data on fluency producing variables in terms of modified temporal aspects of auditory feedback in stuttered speech. The probable basis for stuttering is inferred to involve interference between air-conducted and bone-conducted auditory feedback. Middle ear muscle reflexes are suggested as a possible mechanism for the mediation of interference between components of auditory feedback.
Phrenology, 1982: What does it tell the aphasiologist? (1983)

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The Amygdala Is Enlarged in Children But Not Adolescents with Autism; the Hippocampus Is Enlarged at All Ages (2004)

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in reciprocal social interaction, deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication, and a restricted repertoire of activities or interests. We performed a magnetic resonance imaging study to better define the neuropathology of autistic spectrum disorders. Here we report findings on the amygdala and the hippocampal formation. Borders of the amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebrum were defined, and their volumes were measured in male children (7.5-18.5 years of age) in four diagnostic groups: autism with mental retardation, autism without mental retardation, Asperger syndrome, and age-matched typically developing controls. Although there were no differences between groups in terms of total cerebral volume, children with autism (7.5-12.5 years of age) had larger right and left amygdala volumes than control children. There were no differences in amygdala volume between the adolescent groups (12.75-18.5 years of age). Interestingly, the amygdala in typically developing children increases substantially in volume from 7.5 to 18.5 years of age. Thus, the amygdala in children with autism is initially larger, but does not undergo the age-related increase observed in typically developing children. Children with autism, with and without mental retardation, also had a larger right hippocampal volume than typically developing controls, even after controlling for total cerebral volume. Children with autism but without mental retardation also had a larger left hippocampal volume relative to controls. These cross-sectional findings indicate an abnormal program of early amygdala development in autism and an abnormal pattern of hippocampal development that persists through adolescence. The cause of amygdala and hippocampal abnormalities in autism is currently unknown.
Self-Mixing Interferometry-Based Micro Flow Cytometry System for Label-Free Cells Classification (2020)

In this paper, we present a novel optical microfluidic cytometry scheme for label-free detection of cells that is based on the self-mixing interferometry (SMI) technique. This device enables simple, fast and accurate detection of the individual cell characteristics and efficient cell type classification. We also propose a novel parameter to classify the cell or particle size. Artificial polystyrene beads and human living cells were measured using this system, and the SMI signal properties were statistically evaluated. The capability of the proposed cytometer for cell type discrimination and size classification has been validated by the measurement results. Our study can provide a very simple technique for cell enumeration and classification without any extra devices such as high-speed camera, photomultiplier and spectrometer. Moreover, the fluorescence staining operation which is necessary in traditional flow cytometry methods is not required either in our system.
Self-restraint object recognition by model based CNN learning (2016)

CNN has shown excellent performance on object recognition based on huge amount of real images. For training with synthetic data rendered from 3D models alone to reduce the workload of collecting real images, we propose a concatenated self-restraint learning structure lead by a triplet and softmax jointed loss function for object recognition. Locally connected auto encoder trained from rendered images with and without background used for object reconstruction against environment variables produces an additional channel automatically concatenated to RGB channels as input of classification network. This structure makes it possible training a softmax classifier directly from CNN based on synthetic data with our rendering strategy. Our structure halves the gap between training based on real photos and 3D model in both PASCAL and ImageNet database compared to GoogleNet.
A wideband IM3 cancellation technique using negative impedance for LNAs with cascode topology (2012)

A negative impedance is used to enable distortion cancellation between the transconductor and the cascode transistor for LNAs with a cascode topology. As a proof of concept, a resistive feedback LNA using this IM3 cancellation technique in a standard 0.16μm CMOS process shows that for 0.1GHz to 1GHz, improvements of 6.3dB to 10dB for IIP3 and 0.2dB to 1dB for gain are achieved without noise degradation. The power consumption for the LNA is increased by 2%, and the die area by about 700μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Development of a Surface-Controlled Electric Gas-Lift Valve (1994)

Summary In the design of conventional gas-lift installations, the size and setting of the operating valve are determined according to theoretical performance at nominal well conditions. Unfortunately, gas-lift valves are subjected to the effects of a dynamic and often transient environment that can significantly com promise operating efficiency. To manage these environmental effects better, a new electric gas-lift valve (EGLV) system in which the size of the downhole gas injection orifice can be remotely adjusted from a surface control unit has been prototyped and field tested. The EGLV system consists of an electrically operated, surface-controlled downhole valve, a downhole pressure transducer, tubing mandrel, electric cable system, and surface controller. By combining known well parameters with real-time tubing pressure and valve-position data relayed from downhole, the control unit can adjust the valve to current well conditions. This capability allows the operator to produce the well with maximum effectiveness for whatever production priorities have been chosen. Controlling valve response in this manner can be especially desirable for such applications as limited lift-gas availability, limited compressor capabilities, drawdown within designated limits, control of short-term production upsets, and areas where reservoir management objectives are specific to the application. Enhanced efficiency of gas-lift operation and optimized production were the goals of this developmental program, and testing results obtained to date have shown enough promise to initiate the next stage of the program-an advanced wireline-retrievable version of the system. Introduction The use of gas lift for primary recovery is common. Operational theory and equipment design have continued to improve over the years, but the transient nature of the gas-lift environment and numerous interrelated parameters have made the goal of optimized gas-lift performance a moving target. One of the most recently developed techniques is valve performance testing. The valve is tested for its response to a range of particular well and gas-injection conditions. Although this procedure can result in a better installation design and a better under standing of well conditions, valve orifice size and opening sensitivity are still fixed parameters; they are preset at the surface to a defined set of nominal well conditions. Wells that produce steadily and change slowly over time have the best chance of being produced efficiently on conventional gas-lift equipment. Even in those cases, however, the actual operating parameters can differ significantly from calculated nominal figures.
Exploiting Internal Ribosome Entry Sites in Gene Therapy Vector Design (2004)

Efficient and regulated co-expression of multiple genes is an important consideration in the design of gene therapy vectors. While the augmentation of a single therapeutic gene is often sufficient for gene therapy of simple mendelian disorders, strategies for the treatment of complex disorders and infectious diseases necessitate the introduction of multiple genes into the cell. Complex disorders such as cancer often involve mutations in multiple genes and a combination strategy targeting different defective genes simultaneously are often more effective than any single strategy. Likewise, approaches for treating infectious diseases such as HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus) often involve the blocking of multiple steps of the viral replication pathway simultaneously to prevent the emergence of resistant strains of the virus. Even for the treatment of single gene defects, the additional incorporation of a selectable marker gene is often necessary to achieve sustained expression of the therapeutic gene in the cells. Among the several different strategies to co-express multiple genes, the incorporation of an IRES (internal ribosome entry site) into gene therapy vector design represents one of the more promising strategies. IRES functions as a ribosome-landing pad for the efficient internal initiation of translation ensuring coordinate expression of several genes and are located at the 5'UTR (5' untranslated regions) of these genes. Currently, the most popular IRES utilized for gene therapy is the IRES from the EMCV (encephalomyocarditis virus). However, the major caveat with present vector systems utilizing this IRES is that the expression of the downstream gene is significantly less efficient than the upstream gene. This review will examine the growing list of naturally occurring and synthetic IRESes and how they can be exploited for human gene therapy.
Tag Image File Format (TIFF) - F Profile for Facsimile (1998)

This document references the Tag Image File Format (TIFF) to define the F profile of TIFF for facsimile (TIFF-F) as a file format that may be used for the storage and interchange of facsimile images.
LPS-evoked IL-18 expression in mesangial cells plays a role in accelerating lupus nephritis (2007)

We conclude that LPS can evoke IL-18 production in MCs, but neither LPS nor IL-18 directly induces apoptosis or activates apoptotic signal transduction in the cells. We infer that LPS-induced IL-18 production by MCs could be a mediator by which LPS accelerates and exacerbates LN.
Experimental Osteomyelitis. I. A Description of the Model (1970)

Journal Article Experimental Osteomyelitis. I. A Description of the Model Get access Carl W. Norden, Carl W. Norden From the Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elizabeth Kennedy Elizabeth Kennedy From the Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 122, Issue 5, November 1970, Pages 410–418, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/122.5.410 Published: 01 November 1970 Article history Received: 28 May 1970 Published: 01 November 1970
<title>Design and performance of the ULTRA 320x240 uncooled focal plane array and sensor</title> (1996)

The ULTRA (Uncooled, Low cost, Technology Reinvestment Alliance) Consortium, consisting of the Honeywell Technology Center of Honeywell Incorporated, the Autonetics Missile Systems Division of Rockwell International Corporation, Inframetrics Incorporated, and the New Jersey Institute of Technology, has been formally working together over the past year in an effort to develop, manufacture and sell industrial and military sensors and components incorporating silicon microbolometer uncooled focal plane array (UFPA) technology. Towards that end, Rockwell has been actively engaged in developing the UFPA component, with assistance from Honeywell, with the intention of being a merchant supplier of the UFPA. Inframetrics has been developing subsystems required to construct and characterize a prototype sensor, and NJIT is designing a Multi-Wavelength Imaging Pyrometry system around the performance of the uncooled prototype sensor. TRP Office funding administered by ARPA has been key to the significant advances made over the course of the year in this program. This paper will describe both the UFPA component specification and the prototype sensor. It will give a architectural overview of the detector array, with the anticipated performance characteristics. Multiplexer design and simulation, and array processing, will be addressed. A description of the array packaging, interface requirements, and unique design considerations will be provided. Anticipated and actual component performance will be explained and contrasted. The background of the sensor development will be presented. An overview of the camera architecture will be given, with some discussion of trade-offs in subsystem design of the sensor. Specific emphasis is placed on the radiometric evaluation of the sensor.
Connective tissue polysaccharides (1985)

Connective tissue The connective tissue of animals is composed largely of an extracellular matrix in which a network of collagen fibres is dispersed within a gel-like material. The latter is, itself, composed of a mixture of the connective tissue polysaccharides, the particular blend depending upon the animal tissue of origin. The connective tissues include bone, tendon, cartilage, intervertebral disc, skin, blood vessel walls, cornea, synovial fluid and the vitreous humour and, in general, have low cell counts, the cells being concerned with the elaboration of the extracellular material.KeywordsHeparan SulphateDermatan SulphateVitreous HumourKeratan SulphateLink ProteinThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
A Method of Visualizing Inter-Module Relations to Support Reuse-Based Embedded Software Development (2008)

The demand for embedded software is growing, and the number of development steps tends to increase with shorter period for development. It becomes inevitable to re-use existing software resources. However, if the configuration management of the existing software for reuse is not sufficient, it becomes hard to predict which modules in a system would be affected by the reused software modules. This may result in generating new bugs in the system. In this paper, we propose a method to accomplish the effective reuse of software modules by managing dependency information among modules. The method analyzes mutual relations among existing modules and visually presents not only inter-module dependency but also a list of reusable modules based on the developer's demand. We evaluated the method by applying it to some actual developments.
Algorithm/hardware co-optimized SAR image reconstruction with 3D-stacked logic in memory (2014)

Real-time system level implementations of complex Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image reconstruction algorithms have always been challenging due to their data intensive characteristics. In this paper, we propose a basis vector transform based novel algorithm to alleviate the data intensity and a 3D-stacked logic in memory based hardware accelerator as the implementation platform. Experimental results indicate that this proposed algorithm/hardware co-optimized system can achieve an accuracy of 91 dB PSNR compared to a reference algorithm implemented in Matlab and energy efficiency of 72 GFLOPS/W for a 8k×8k SAR image reconstruction.
The Jongleur Troubadours of Provence (1931)

The general history of minstrel life in the Middle Ages has been several times very adequately treated, but the relation of the jongleurs to the classes outside the courts has, owing to a natural scarcity of documentation, been more or less neglected. The so-called “biographies” of the troubadours seem to me, however, to throw considerable light on this subject and on the relation between the jongleur, who was professionally an entertainer, and the troubadour, who was technically an inventor or composer of poetry and song. It was not until about the middle of the twelfth century that the new idea of trobar , of individual composition with the copyright of one's name attached to it, came to Provence. The new troubadour craft came to demand certain fine qualities; its honor and its promise of high patronage attracted numbers of the more gifted jongleurs, some of the best of whom, we learn, were of the lower classes.
Corn hybrid affects in vitro and in vivo measures of nutrient digestibility in dogs (2005)

Corn is a commonly used ingredient in dry pet foods because there is a stable supply and it is a relatively inexpensive source of nutrients. Corn hybrids are available that are higher in CP and amylose and lower in phytate concentration than conventional hybrids. Approximately 500 mg of high-protein (HP), high-protein, low-phytate (HPLP), and high-amylose (HA) corn were compared with conventional (CONV) corn and amylomaize starch (AM) in triplicate and exposed to pepsin/hydrochloric acid and pancreatin to simulate hydrolytic digestion. Substrate remaining after this was used to determine in vitro colonic fermentation. Organic matter disappearances as a result of hydrolytic digestion were >80% for CONV, HP, and HPLP, whereas HA (60.7%) and AM (43.7%) were lower (P < 0.05). Total digestion (TD) values after hydrolytic digestion and 8 h of fermentation using canine fecal inoculum were greater (P < 0.05) for CONV, HP, and HPLP vs. HA and AM. The residue left after hydrolytic digestion of all substrates was poorly fermented. Five ileal-cannulated dogs were fed each corn hybrid at approximately 31% of the diet in a 5 x5 Latin square design. Dogs fed diets containing HP corn had higher (P < 0.05) ileal OM digestibility (70.3%) and tended (P < 0.10) to have higher DM digestibility (64.6%). Ileal starch digestibilities were lower (P < 0.05) for dogs fed HA (64.0%) and AM (63.0%). Ileal digestibilities of essential (71.2%), nonessential (67.4%), and total (69.0%) AA tended to be higher (P < 0.10) for HP diets compared with CONV (66.4, 62.4, and 64.0%, respectively). Total-tract DM, OM, CP, and GE digestibilities (77, 82, 77, and 84%, on average, respectively) were higher (P < 0.05) for dogs fed CONV, HP, and HPLP than for those fed AM (66.9, 71.6, 72.6, and 76.5%) and HA (60.6, 65.7, 69.7, and 71.5%). Total-tract fat digestibilities were lower (P < 0.05) for dogs fed HA diets (86.6%) than for all other treatments (91.0%, on average). Total-tract starch digestibilities were higher (P < 0.05) for dogs fed CONV, HP, and HPLP (98%, on average) compared with HA (72.8%) and AM (76.5%). No differences were detected among treatments in fecal bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, or Clostridium perfringens concentrations. The experiments demonstrated that HP and HPLP corn had hydrolytic digestion and fermentation characteristics similar to those of CONV corn, whereas HA resulted in similar responses to AM, a well-established resistant starch ingredient.
Efficiency and price discovery in multi-item auctions (2000)

Distributed multi-item auctions offer great opportunities for integrating fragmented online auction markets into larger markets with more efficient outcomes. We extend the theory of multiitem ascending auctions in a multi-unit demand scenario. We show that a simple greedy bidding strategy results in efficient allocation and unique prices. We also show that the strategy constitutes a Nash Equilibrium of the system with single unit demand. We discuss the implications of our results for the design of auctions on the Internet.
Covalent inhibition of SUMO and ubiquitin-specific cysteine proteases by an in situ thiol–alkyne addition (2013)

Posttranslational modification of proteins with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers such as SUMO can be reverted by specific proteases, also referred to as deubiquitinases and isopeptidases, most of which are cysteine-dependent. We have found that the replacement of the conserved C-terminal glycine with propargylamine converts SUMO and ubiquitin to highly efficient covalent inhibitors of their cognate cysteine proteases. Attack of the catalytic cysteine onto the terminal alkyne results in the formation of a vinyl sulfide linkage. Although this reaction is reminiscent of the inhibitory mechanism of the isosteric nitrile inhibitors it was unexpected due to the low electrophilicity of the alkyne group. We show that a precise location of the functional group in the active site of the protease is crucial for the reaction, which was not inhibited by the presence of a radical scavenger. Furthermore, a mutational study of key catalytic residues in the SUMO-protease Senp1, that is H533A and D550A of the catalytic triad and Q597A as part of the oxyanion hole, revealed that these residues are not required for the observed covalent adduct formation. We therefore propose that the reaction is an in situ thiol-alkyne addition. Due to the high chemical inertness of the alkyne moiety the respective protease inhibitors should be well-suited for cellular and therapeutic applications. In keeping with this idea, selective labeling with propargylated SUMO and Ub probes was observed in lysates of cell lines expressing the cognate proteases after transient transfection.
Adaptation of Linear Polarization Techniques for In-Situ Corrosion Measurements in Water Cooled Nuclear Reactor Environments (1967)

Application of electrochemical polarization techniques to study corrosion of steels in aqueous environments at 289 C (554 F) and 1000 psi is described. A galvanostatic polarization circuit is discussed which permits determination of polarization parameters in-situ which are free of error due to resistance polarization in high purity water. Extended corrosion tests on plain carbon steel and Type 304 steel over 500 hours have shown that 99.6 percent correspondence can be achieved between electrochemical corrosion data and conventional weight-change techniques. In de-oxygenated conditions, the steady-state corrosion rates of plain carbon steel and Type 304 stainless steel are 0.0015 and 0.0011 mg/cm2/hr, respectively in water at 289 C. Cathodic and anodic Tafel constants for these steels under the above conditions have been determined and are shown to be independent of exposure time and corrosion rate.
Tunable and ultraflat optical frequency comb generator based on cascaded intensity modulators (2015)

An optical frequency comb generator based on two-cascade intensity modulators is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By carefully adjusting direct current biases and drive amplitudes of radio frequency signals of the two intensity modulators, the combs consisting of 3, 5, 9, 15, or 25 lines with the relative amplitude flatness within 1 dB can be generated. The scheme is relatively simple and adjustable, where the frequency spacing varies with microwave frequency applied on modulators.
Immuno‐Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection and Quantitation of Prion Protein (2004)

Immuno-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an extremely sensitive detection method, combining the specificity of antibody detection and the sensitivity of PCR. We have developed an immuno-quantitative PCR (iqPCR), exploiting real-time PCR technology, in order to improve this immuno-detection method and make it quantitative. To illustrate the advantages of iqPCR, we have compared it with a conventional enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) technique in experiments aimed at detecting the cellular and the resistant form of prion protein in bovine brain extract. The iqPCR technique proved to be more sensitive than ELISA, so it could be a technique of choice for the diagnosis of infected animals both at an ante mortem and post-mortem stage.