gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unstructured Gridding and Consistent Discretizations for Reservoirs with Faults and Complex Wells (2017)

Abstract This work consists of two parts. In the first part, we present new methods for generating unstructured polyhedral grids that align to prescribed geometric objects. Control-point alignment of cell centroids is introduced to accurately represent horizontal and multilateral wells, but can also be used to create volumetric representations of fracture networks. Boundary alignment of cell faces is introduced to accurately preserve geological features such as layers, fractures, faults, and/or pinchouts. Prescribed geometric objects will often intersect each other. To handle such cases, we propose a conflict-point handling scheme that creates conforming cells even at intersections. We also discuss how to generalize this method to 3D. Here, our method honors control-point alignment of cell centroids and boundary alignment of cell faces away from object intersections. The predominant discretization method for multiphase flow in reservoir simulation is the two-point flux-approximation (TPFA) method. This finite-volume method is mass conservative, but only conditionally consistent and hence susceptible to grid-orientation effects. In the second part of the paper, we review a series of consistent methods and compare and contrast these methods both with respect to accuracy and monotonicity. Our comparisons include a multipoint flux-approximation (MPFA-O) method, the nonlinear TPFA method, mimetic methods, and the more recent virtual element methods. To limit the discussion, we focus on incompressible flow, for which we study the effects of deformed cell geometries, anisotropic permeability, and robustness with respect to various approaches to grid near wells and adapt it to lower-dimensional objects like faults and fractures.
Latching: Hosted NAT Traversal (HNT) for Media in Real-Time Communication (2014)

This document describes the behavior of signaling intermediaries in
Real-Time Communication (RTC) deployments, sometimes referred to as
Session Border Controllers (SBCs), when performing Hosted NAT
Traversal (HNT). HNT is a set of mechanisms, such as media relaying
and latching, that such intermediaries use to enable other RTC devices
behind NATs to communicate with each other. This document is non-
normative and is only written to explain HNT in order to provide a
reference to the Internet community and an informative description to
manufacturers and users. Latching, which is one of the HNT
components, has a number of security issues covered here. Because of
those, and unless all security considerations explained here are taken
into account and solved, the IETF advises against use of the latching
mechanism over the Internet and recommends other solutions, such as
the Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) protocol.
[A clinical study of pyridoxine treatment for pervasive developmental disorders with hypersensitivity to sound]. (2006)

In our earlier study we conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple blind trial, and showed that pyridoxine treatment of pervasive developmental disorders with expressive verbal disorders and hypersensitivity to sound as significantly effective in improving VIQ scores. This study analyzed the long-term changes of the subjects. We confirmed that their VIQ scores improved over time. An analysis of the reports of their daily life provided by their parents and teachers showed that the children's hypersensitivity to sound was also improved. They became able to adjust to their daily life at home and school without any panic. Our results indicate there are PDD subgroups whose expressive language capabilities and hypersensitivity to sound can be improved by pyridoxine treatment.
A High-performance Ultra-thin Quarter-Micron CMOS/SIMOX Technology (1993)

We desc r ibe a high-performance 0.25-/spl mu/m-gate CMOS/SIMON technology, and high-speed CMOS circuit operation at a low power supply voltage of 1-2 V. Fully-depleted N/sup +/ poly-Si gate nMOSFETs and P/sup +/ poly-St gate pKOSFETs with 7-nm-thick gate oxide were fabricat- ed using planarized sub-quarter-micron Isolation and a two-level metallization technique. The propagation delay time of a CMOS ring oscillator is 30 ps/stage at the supply voltage of 2 V and 45 ps/stage at 1 V.
Enrichment of breast cancer stem-like cells by growth on electrospun polycaprolactone-chitosan nanofiber scaffolds (2014)

A small population of highly tumorigenic breast cancer cells has recently been identified. These cells, known as breast-cancer stem-like cells (BCSC), express markers similar to mammary stem cells, and are highly resistant to chemotherapy. Currently, study of BCSC is hampered by the inability to propagate these cells in tissue culture without inducing differentiation. Recently, it was reported that proliferation and differentiation can be modified by culturing cells on electrospun nanofibers. Here, we sought to characterize the chemoresistance and stem-like properties of breast cancer cell lines grown on nanofiber scaffolds. Cells cultured on three-dimensional templates of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)-chitosan nanofibers showed increases in mammary stem cell markers and in sphere-forming ability compared with cells cultured on polystyrene culture dishes. There was no increase in proliferation of stem cell populations, indicating that culture on nanofibers may inhibit differentiation of BCSC. The increase in stemness was accompanied by increases in resistance to docetaxel and doxorubicin. These data indicate that BCSC populations are enriched in cells cultured on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)-chitosan nanofibers, scaffolds that may provide a useful system to study BCSC and their response to anticancer drug treatment.
Design and Structure of an Engineered Disulfide-Stabilized Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Trimer (2015)

We engineered a disulfide-stabilized influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) trimer, termed HA3-SS, by introducing cysteine residues into the HA stem to covalently bridge the three protomers. HA3-SS has increased thermostability compared to wild-type HA, and binding of head- and stem-targeted antibodies (Abs) is preserved; only minor structural changes are found in the vicinity of the additional disulfide. This platform has been applied to H1 and H3 HAs and provides prospects for design of intact, stabilized influenza virus HA immunogens.
Intensity and spectral emission as factors affecting the efficacy of an insect electrocutor trap towards the house‐fly (1992)

Abstract Competitive tests were used to determine how the quantitative and spectral characteristics of an electrocutor trap light source affected the attraction of the house‐fly, Musca domestica L. It was found that an increase in the radiant flux (F e ) of the trap lamps due to an increase in radiant area (A), caused a much larger increase in catch than if radiant flux was increased through higher radiant emittance (M e ). The results from electroretinograms recorded in response to different levels of M e were consistent with the idea that at a given wavelength the attractiveness of a lamp is attributable to the quantitative output perceived by the fly. Of nine fluorescent lamps, the most attractive had peak emission at 340 nm. A blue lamp (peak emission 419 nm) attracted less than a third as many flies as the UV emitting lamps, and a white lamp (peak emission 585 nm) attracted fewer than a quarter as many. The corresponding photoreceptor responses were measured using the electroretinogram. At wavelengths above 400 nm the attractiveness of a lamp to a fly appears to be lower relatively than the photoreceptor response. Within the ultraviolet region (300 nm–400 nm) attractiveness is again attributable to the quantitative output perceived by the fly. It is concluded that there is a genuine behavioural preference for lamp emissions in the ultraviolet region.
Ethyl lactate-ethanol-water cosolvent for intravenous theophylline. (1985)

Theophylline was dissolved in an ethyl lactate-ethanol-water cosolvent system and administered intravenously to rabbits. There were no observed differences in theophylline pharmacokinetics in rabbits administered in the cosolvent system when compared to theophylline administered as Aminophylline Injection USP, with the half-life being 4.5 hours and 4.3 hours respectively. Theophylline dissolved in the cosolvent system caused less erythrocyte hemolysis when exposed to blood in vitro than Aminophylline Injection USP. There were no observed toxicities in any rabbits during intravenous administration of theophylline dissolved in the cosolvent system or for Aminophylline Injection USP.
Delayless signal smoothing using a median and predictive filter hybrid (2002)

Median filters are widely applied in restoring signals that are corrupted by impulsive noise. Using a median filter of length N, impulses of length up to (N-1)/2 samples are filtered away from the signal, but at the same time the signal is delayed by (N-1)/2 samples. Furthermore, median filtering may distort the signal waveform. We present a novel hybrid scheme of using linear predictive filters in cascade with a median filter to compensate the delay caused by median filtering. In addition to canceling the delay, the proposed system relieves signal distortion due to the low-pass characteristics of the polynomial predictive filters used. The scheme is illustrated by an application in modeling of musical instruments where the proposed filter system successfully removes transient disturbances.
Effects of rapid thermal annealing on the magnetic properties of CoSiB/Pd multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy (2014)

The perpendicular magnetic anisotropic property of amorphous CoSiB/Pd multilayers was studied as a function of the thicknesses of the CoSiB and the number of repeated CoSiB/Pd bilayers. In this study, we investigate the effects of thermal annealing on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropic property of the [CoSiB 2, 3, 4, 5 Å/Pd 13 Å]5 multilayer films. We vary the annealing temperature between from 200 to 350°, with the thicknesses of the CoSiB layer being kept constant. We examine the magnetic properties such as the saturation magnetization and the coercivity. The annealing temperature is closely related to the magnetic property of the CoSiB/Pd multilayers, and the coercivity especially is proportional to the annealing temperature.
Chemical Solution Deposition of Perovskite Thin Films (1997)

The use of chemical solution deposition for the fabrication of perovskite thin films is reviewed. A variety of approaches including sol−gel, chelate, and metalloorganic decomposition have all been employed with success in the preparation of these materials. For a number of perovskite compounds, thin-film properties that equal those of the bulk materials have been obtained. Various aspects of the solution chemistries for the three different routes are discussed, and the effects of solution precursor properties on the conversion of the as-deposited film to the desired perovskite phase are discussed. The roles that thermodynamic and kinetic factors have on this transformation process are also reviewed. Finally, some of the applications for solution-derived thin films currently under development are reviewed, and the inherent limitations of the deposition technique for device manufacture are considered.
Induction of Differentiation of Mouse Myeloid Leukemia M1 Cells by Serum of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (1988)

We examined the capacities of sera from patients with myeloid leukemia to induce differentiation in mouse myeloid leukemic M1 cells. Higher differentiation-inducing activity (D-activity) was detected in sera of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) than in sera of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and normal volunteers. The D-activity in the sera was lost on heating the sera at 56 degrees for 30 min. The major peak of D-activity on Sephadex G-200 gel filtration had an apparent molecular weight of 160,000. The origin of the D-activity in sera of patients with CML was studied by culturing fractions of peripheral blood cells of patients with D-activity for 3 days and then measuring the ability of the conditioned medium (CM) to induce differentiation of M1 cells. The cells in the myeloblast and promyelocyte fraction differentiated spontaneously into macrophage-like cells during culture for 3 days and the cells in the late granulopoietic cell fraction differentiated into neutrophil-like cells. Higher D-activity was present in CM of cells in the myeloblast and promyelocyte fraction than in CMs of late granulopoietic cell fractions. These results suggest that human leukemic cells produce D-activity for M1 cells during their differentiation into macrophage-like cells.
Reversible phase variation of expression of Neisseria meningitidis class 5 outer membrane proteins and their relationship to gonococcal proteins II (1988)

Neisseria meningitidis class 5 proteins are major outer membrane proteins that share many properties with the proteins II (P.II) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We generated two bactericidal monoclonal antibodies, each of which bound specifically to one of the two identified class 5 proteins produced by N. meningitidis FAM18. The monoclonal antibodies also bound to class 5 proteins of a limited number of other meningococcal strains. Using the bactericidal activity of the monoclonal antibodies, we demonstrated that expression of both class 5 proteins was subject to reversible phase variation in vitro. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of a purified class 5 protein revealed striking similarity to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of gonococcal P.II proteins. Using a cloned class 5 gene, we identified three potential class 5 gene loci in N. meningitidis FAM18. These class 5 sequences also had homology with gonococcal P.II gene sequences and contained the CTCTT repeat sequence believed to be important in the regulation of gonococcal P.II expression.
Faster Is Better (2004)

This study shows that stroke subjects can increase substantially their walking speed without deleterious effects. Fast walking induces marked speed-related improvements in body and limb kinematics and muscle activation patterns. BWS during overground walking also increases gait speed, but to a lesser extent and only in low-functioning subjects. The combination of BWS with fast speed produces the greatest increments in walking speed in all subjects.
Colorimetric Determination of Phosphorus by Modified Phosphomolybdate Method (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Determination of Phosphorus by Modified Phosphomolybdate MethodD. N. Bernhart and A. R. WreathCite this: Anal. Chem. 1955, 27, 3, 440–441Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60099a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60099a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1113Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of the Abuse Liability of Modafinil and Other Drugs for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Associated with Narcolepsy (2000)

Psychostimulants have been used routinely for the treatment of the disabling daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. However, the perceived and real potential for abuse of amphetamine and amphetaminelike stimulants prompted a search for new wake-promoting compounds with lower dependency and abuse liabilities. Modafinil is a novel wake-promoting agent with a mechanism of action that differs markedly from that of amphetamine and amphetamine-like stimulants. In controlled clinical trials, modafinil has been shown to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with narcolepsy. With a benzhydrylsulfinylacetamide structure, modafinil has a low level of solubility in water (< 1 mg/mL) and is unstable at temperatures > or = 180 degrees C, physicochemical properties that reduce the potential for its abuse via intravenous injection and smoking, respectively. Available preclinical and clinical data on the abuse liability of modafinil suggest a much lower potential for abuse and dependency than amphetaminelike stimulants commonly used for treating EDS in patients with narcolepsy. Therefore, modafinil represents a valuable therapeutic option for the treatment of EDS associated with narcolepsy.
Infection-Triggered, Self-Cleaning Surfaces with On-Demand Cleavage of Surface-Localized Surfactant Moieties (2021)

Biofouling of surfaces is a major cause of infection and leads to significant patient morbidity and mortality within healthcare settings. With ever-increasing concerns over antibiotic resistance and associated challenges in eradicating surface-attached biofilm communities, efficacious antifouling materials are urgently required. We herein describe the development of an inherently antiadherent polymer system with the capacity for on-demand cleavage of surface-localized surfactant moieties. The nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100, was linked to hydrogel monomers <i>via</i> hydrolytically labile ester bonds. Synthesized copolymers exhibited pH-dependent switching of surfactant release, with elution triggered under the alkaline conditions characteristic of catheter-associated urinary tract infections and subsequently slowed down as the pH decreased, representing eradication of infection. In addition, the materials demonstrated complete resistance to adherence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> following 24 h incubation in infected artificial urine, with reductions in adherence of <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> of up to 89% also observed. This dual-pronged approach with active, infection-responsive cleavage of surfactant to enhance the antiadherent properties of the surfactant-modified surfaces represents a promising self-cleaning strategy without associated concerns over bacterial resistance.
CERIAS Tech Report 2005-109 SECURING XML DATA IN THIRD-PARTY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (2010)

Web-based third-party architectures for data publishing are today receiving growing attention, due to their scalability and the ability of efficiently managing large numbers of users and great amounts of data. A third-party architecture
A New Concept for the Continuous Chromatographic Separation of Chemical Species (1970)

The method essentially takes advantage of the change with temperature in the ratio of the chemical component velocities Vi and Vj to deflect the vectorial flow paths of the various components i, j across an adsorbent bed and thus resolve them into individual product streams. The feed mixture is introduced continuously into one corner of a rectangular slab made of adsorbent powder supported in a plastic frame, and the flow direction of the carrier is alternately changed (pulsed) at right angles simultaneously with a change in temperature of the whole system.
An Objective Method for Rating Picture Sharpness: SMT Acutance (1964)

An objective quantity called “system modulation transfer (SMT) acutance” will generally predict or confirm a subjective evaluation of picture sharpness. The formula for calculating it is based on image magnifications and on the areas under experimental and proposed standard modulation transfer curves of each component in a photographic system. Values of SMT acutance for thirty color films and motion-picture film systems are tabulated; they range from 70 (passing) to 100 (excellent), each unit representing one just-perceptible difference in picture sharpness.
Two different views on collision detection (2007)

In this article, we present two algorithms for precise collision detection between two potentially colliding objects. The first one uses axis-aligned bounding boxes (AABB) and is a typical representative of a computational geometry algorithm. The second one uses spherical distance fields originating in image processing. Both approaches addresses the following challenges of collision detection algorithms: just in time, little resources, inclusive etc. Thus both approaches are scalable in the information they give in collision determination and the analysis up to a fixed refinement level, the collision time depends on the granularity of the bounding volumes and it is also possible to estimate the time bounds for the collision test tightly
ebXML Technical Architecture Specification v1.0.3 2 ebXML Technical Architecture Project Team (2001)

CD133 can regulate the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways and modulate the clonogenicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle of GBM. Combining CD133 silencing with temozolomide treatment considerably increases apoptosis, arrests the cell cycle at the sub-G1, and suppresses migration of U87MG cells compared to temozolomide monotherapy.
Iridium-Catalyzed Highly Efficient and Site-Selective Deoxygenation of Alcohols (2018)

An iridium-catalyzed, highly efficient, and site-selective deoxygenation of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols has been realized, under the assistance of a 4-(N-substituted amino)aryl directing group. Only the hydroxyl adjacent to the directing group can be deoxygenated. The deoxygenation is performed in water, with formic acid as both the promoter and hydride donor. Excellent yields and functionality tolerance, as well as high efficiency (S/C up to 1 000 000, TOF up to 445 000 h–1), are obtained. The kinetic isotope effect studies show that hydride formation is the rate-determining step, and the deoxygenation follows an SN1-type pathway. The deoxygenation protocol has been demonstrated useful in the structural modification of naturally occurring ketones and steroids.
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of cerebral vascular disease. (1991)

Magnetic resonance imaging has emerged as the primary modality in detection and characterization of cerebrovascular lesions. New applications of existing spin-echo and gradient-recalled echo techniques are described. Functional imaging techniques ranging from the characterization of macroscopic proton motion (diffusion-weighted MR imaging), rapid imaging of intravascular contrast transit times (perfusion MR imaging), fast-flow mapping (MR angiography), and in vivo metabolic assessment (MR spectroscopy) are discussed. CT scanning remains important as an initial screening examination, in identifying acute hemorrhage, and in demonstrating blood flow.
Channel polaritons (2002)

By means of Green's second integral identity in the plane and a parametrization of the surface profile function, the dispersion relation for surface electromagnetic waves guided by a straight channel cut into the otherwise planar surface of a solid in contact with vacuum has been determined numerically. The solid can be either a metal or a dielectric medium and is characterized by an isotropic, real, frequency-dependent dielectric function $\ensuremath{\epsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega})$ that is negative in some range of frequencies. The resulting propagating bound electromagnetic modes are called channel polaritons.