gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bandwidth of linearized ring resonator assisted Mach-Zehnder modulator (2005)

The intermodulation-free dynamic range and the modulation frequency properties of the linearized ring resonator assisted Mach-Zehnder electrooptic modulators are analyzed. The linearization bandwidth of the modulators is limited by the resonant nature of a ring resonator.
Exploring the scope of redox‐triggered chiroptical switches: Syntheses, X‐ray structures, and circular dichroism of cobalt and nickel complexes of <i>N,N</i>‐Bis(arylmethyl)methionine derivatives (2008)

N,N-Bis(arylmethyl)methionine derivatives are chiral ligands whose complexes with metal ions may show molecular helicity that can be modulated by defined structural processes. It was shown previously that exciton-coupled circular dichroism (ECCD) spectral amplitude could be modulated by one-electron copper redox chemistry in copper complexes of these ligands. Here we describe the further development of novel systems that show conformational changes resulting in the inversion of exciton chirality. The phenomenon was probed in a N,N-bis(arylmethyl)methionine derivative containing quinoline/pyridine moieties and a methionine carboxylate moiety. The sign of the ECCD of the complex formed between this ligand and CoCl2 is negative, which suggests that the deprotonated carboxylate oxygen coordinates to the metal, but the sulfur atom does not. The sign of the ECCD inverts to positive upon addition of ascorbic acid, which can be turned back to negative upon further treatment with persulfate. X-ray quality crystals of three cobalt complexes and one nickel complex were obtained. The ascorbate-treated cobalt complex of the ligand and the same ligand with nickel, however, vary from the behavior expected from their X-ray crystal structures. It is clear that the solution and crystallographic structures of these complexes differ in several cases.
Defect of histone acetyltransferase activity of the nuclear transcriptional coactivator CBP in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (2001)

CREB-binding protein (CBP) is a transcriptional coactivator that has intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. CBP is the causative gene of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS). To investigate the relationships between CBP HAT activity and RTS, we analyzed 16 RTS patients. A microdeletion was identified in one patient by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis. Heteroallelic mutations were identified in five patients by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and sequencing. These included a 2 bp deletion between nucleotides 4319 and 4320, an 11 bp deletion between nucleotides 4898 and 4908, a 14 bp insertion (CCTCGGTCCTGCAC) between nucleotides 5212 and 5213, a 2 bp deletion between nucleotides 5222 and 5223, and a missense mutation from guanine (G) to cytosine (C) at nucleotide 4951 that changed codon 1378 from CGG (arginine) to CCG (proline). The identical missense mutation was introduced into the recombinant mouse CBP. It abolished the HAT activity of CBP and the ability of CBP to transactivate cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB), in HAT assays and in microinjection experiments, respectively. These results suggest that the loss of the HAT activity of CBP may cause RTS, as the first example of a defect of HAT activity in a human disease. Our findings raise the possibility that treatment of RTS patients with histone deacetylase inhibitors might have beneficial effects.
Chameleon (2010)

Heterogeneous multicore processors have emerged as an energy- and area-efficient architectural solution to improving performance for domain-specific applications such as those with a plethora of data-level parallelism. These processors typically contain a large number of small, compute-centric cores for acceleration while keeping one or two high-performance ILP cores on the die to guarantee single-thread performance. Although a major portion of the transistors are occupied by the acceleration cores, these resources will sit idle when running unparallelized legacy codes or the sequential part of an application. To address this underutilization issue, in this article, we introduce Chameleon, a flexible heterogeneous multicore architecture to virtualize these resources for enhancing memory performance when running sequential programs. The Chameleon architecture can dynamically virtualize the idle acceleration cores into a last-level cache, a data prefetcher, or a hybrid between these two techniques. In addition, Chameleon can operate in an adaptive mode that dynamically configures the acceleration cores between the hybrid mode and the prefetch-only mode by monitoring the effectiveness of the Chameleon cache mode. In our evaluation with SPEC2006 benchmark suite, different levels of performance improvements were achieved in different modes for different applications. In the case of the adaptive mode, Chameleon improves the performance of SPECint06 and SPECfp06 by 31% and 15%, on average. When considering only memory-intensive applications, Chameleon improves the system performance by 50% and 26% for SPECint06 and SPECfp06, respectively.
Thermal Study on Phase Transitions of Block Copolymers by Mesoscopic Simulation (2012)

The block copolymers are an exceptional kind of macromolecules constituted by two or more blocks of different homopolymer chains linked by covalent bonds. These polymeric materials have received much attention over past few years due in large part to their ability to selfassemble in the melted state or in a selective solvent inside a variety of ordered phases or welldefined structures of high regularity in size and shape with characteristic dimensions between 100 and 500 nanometres. These ordered phases and their structural modification are the key to many valuable physical properties which make block copolymers of great industrial and technological interest. The molecular self-assemble and formation of periodic phases in the block copolymers depend of the strength of interblock repulsion and composition, for example, mesoscopic studies of the poly(styrene)-poly(isoprene) (PS-PI) diblock copolymer, have demonstrated that this synthetic material, may generate a series of long-range ordered microdomains when exist a weak repulsion between the unlike monomers isoprene and styrene, as result, the PS-PI diblock copolymer chains tend to segregate below some critical temperature, but, as they are linked by covalent bonds, the phase separation on a macroscopic level is prevented, only a local microphase segregation occurs (Soto-Figueroa et al., 2005, SotoFigueroa et al., 2007). The phase transition from homogeneous state of polymeric chains to an ordered state with periodic phases is called microphase separation transition (MST) or orderdisorder phase transition (ODT) (Leibler, 1980). The phase segregation and generation of ordered structures in the microscopic level of a diblock copolymer via an order-disorder phase transition is illustrated in Fig. 1.
Speculations on Quasi-Experimental Design in HIV/AIDS Prevention Research (2012)

This paper provides a speculative discussion on what quasi-experimental designs might be useful in various aspects of HIV/AIDS research. The first author’s expertise is in research design, not HIV, while the second author has been active in HIV prevention research. It is hoped that it may help the HIV/AIDS research community in discovering and inventing an expanded range of possibilities for valid causal inference. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v3i1_campbell
Dithranol, Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibition and Active Oxygen Species (1991)

Inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6-PDH) by dithranol (anthralin, CAS 480-22-8) has been studied in the presence of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and various scavengers of active oxygen species. Most scavengers were found to be either inhibitors of G6-PDH by themselves or simply without effect. The combined addition of catalase and SOD as well as the heat-denatured enzymes and the oxygen radical scavengers alpha-tocopherol and salicylic acid markedly reduced the inhibitory effect of dithranol. The direct exposure of G6-PDH to active oxygen species led to different results. When liberated from a water-soluble naphthalene endoperoxide, singlet oxygen was without effect whereas photosensitization with methylene blue resulted in a total loss of enzyme activity. Experiments under anaerobic conditions revealed that this inhibition was accomplished by the triplet state of the sensitizer. Superoxide anion radical was highly effective at concentrations corresponding to the amount of that produced by a 10 mumol/l dithranol solution. In contrast, hydroxyl, alkylperoxyl and alkoxyl radicals were all less efficient. H2O2 and alkylhydroperoxides did not alter the enzyme activity. The results suggest that .O2- is the potent species towards G6-PDH, if dithranol acts through formation of active oxygen species.
Automating role-based provisioning by learning from examples (2009)

Role-based provisioning has been adopted as a standard component in leading Identity Management products due to its low administration cost. However, the cost of adjusting existing roles to entitlements from newly deployed applications is usually very high. In this paper, a learning-based approach to automate the provisioning process is proposed and its effectiveness is verified by real provisioning data. Specific learning issues related to provisioning are identified and relevant solutions are presented.
Strain and adatom motion on mesoscopic islands (2001)

We demonstrate that the concept of mesoscopic misfit, rather than macroscopic misfit, should be used to describe the atomistic processes in the early stages of metal heteroepitaxy. Atomic scale calculations reveal the drastic effect of the mesoscopic misfit on strain in Co islands on the Cu(001) surface. We show that atomic motion on strained islands is strongly affected by the mesoscopic misfit and depends on the size of the islands. The diffusion coefficient on top of small islands is found to be larger by 2 orders of magnitude than that on large islands.
Visual Event Detection using Multi-Dimensional Concept Dynamics (2006)

A novel framework is introduced for visual event detection. Visual events are viewed as stochastic temporal processes in the semantic concept space. In this concept-centered approach to visual event modeling, the dynamic pattern of an event is modeled through the collective evolution patterns of the individual semantic concepts in the course of the visual event. Video clips containing different events are classified by employing information about how well their dynamics in the direction of each semantic concept matches those of a given event. Results indicate that such a data-driven statistical approach is in fact effective in detecting different visual events such as exiting car, riot, and airplane flying
Electronic Spectra of 1,4‐Diketo‐3,6‐Diphenyl‐Pyrrolo‐[3,4‐c]‐Pyrrole in the Solid State (1992)

Abstract The title compound (DPP) is a new red pigment based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole chromophore. The evaporated film of DPP has a vivid red whose absorption spectrum is very similar to the molecular spectrum in solution. When exposed to acetone vapor, the film turns orange, and changes in photoelectrical properties take place. Electronic spectra of DPP have therefore been investigated mainly in evaporated films from the standpoint of π‐π interactions along the stacking axis. Special attention has been paid to the temperature dependence of the absorption spectra in connection with lattice contractions. The effective overlap of π‐electrons between molecular planes strongly influences the electronic system and perturbs the molecular‐like spectrum in the solid state. Several solid state spectra can arise from DPP, depending on the extent of the π‐π interactions.
Atopic dermatitis increases the effect of exposure to peanut antigen in dust on peanut sensitization and likely peanut allergy (2014)

Exposure to peanut antigen in dust through an impaired skin barrier in atopically inflamed skin is a plausible route for peanut SPT sensitization and PA.
FlowWeb: Joint image set alignment by weaving consistent, pixel-wise correspondences (2015)

Given a set of poorly aligned images of the same visual concept without any annotations, we propose an algorithm to jointly bring them into pixel-wise correspondence by estimating a FlowWeb representation of the image set. FlowWeb is a fully-connected correspondence flow graph with each node representing an image, and each edge representing the correspondence flow field between a pair of images, i.e. a vector field indicating how each pixel in one image can find a corresponding pixel in the other image. Correspondence flow is related to optical flow but allows for correspondences between visually dissimilar regions if there is evidence they correspond transitively on the graph. Our algorithm starts by initializing all edges of this complete graph with an off-the-shelf, pairwise flow method. We then iteratively update the graph to force it to be more self-consistent. Once the algorithm converges, dense, globally-consistent correspondences can be read off the graph. Our results suggest that FlowWeb improves alignment accuracy over previous pairwise as well as joint alignment methods.
Data catalogs for archive systems (2002)

The authors define the components of a catalog system, stressing the key role that retrieval methodology plays in determining the amount and quality of catalog data required as well as determining the physical storage location of the data. The use of a library model provides a framework as well as lessons learned for those designing catalog systems of the future. How standard objects can be used to define and compose catalog data objects is shown. It is made clear that the development and use of standards in metadata preparation can increase the utility and lower the cost of catalog systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Temperature stable SAW devices using directly bonded LiTaO/sub 3//glass substrates (2002)

We have developed temperature stable SAW devices by using a direct-bonding technique. Temperature stability approximating that of quartz was achieved by thinning a 36/spl deg/ Y-X LiTaO/sub 3/ substrate to 30 /spl mu/m on a glass substrate. The temperature compensated SAW devices were fabricated using a stacking procedure based on the direct bonding of a piezoelectric single crystalline layer onto a glass substrate. Because the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of the glass substrate is smaller than that of the piezoelectric layer, the piezoelectric layer experiences thermal stress. As a result, the temperature dependence of the SAW devices could be improved. By using a glass substrate with small TEC and minimizing the LiTaO/sub 3//glass thickness ratio, the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of the SAW devices was maintained at approximately -6 ppm//spl deg/C from -30/spl deg/C to 80/spl deg/C. The SAW propagation characteristics (velocity and electromechanical coupling factor) and the frequency response of the SAW devices were almost the same as those of SAW devices using a 36/spl deg/ Y-X LiTaO/sub 3/ substrate.
A subpopulation of cells with unique electrophysiological properties in the deep subepicardium of the canine ventricle. The M cell. (1991)

Recent studies have shown that canine ventricular epicardium and endocardium differ with respect to electrophysiological characteristics and pharmacological responsiveness and that these differences are in large part due to the presence of a prominent transient outward current Ito and a spike-and-dome morphology of the action potential in epicardium but not endocardium. In attempting to quantitate these differences and assess their gradation across the ventricular wall, we encountered a subpopulation of cells in the deep subepicardial layers with electrophysiological characteristics different from those of either epicardium or endocardium. These cells, which we have termed M cells, display a spike-and-dome morphology typical of epicardium but a maximal rate of rise of the action potential upstroke that is considerably greater than that of either epicardium or endocardium. Using the restitution of the amplitude of phase 1 of the action potential as a marker for the reactivation of Ito, we showed M cells to possess a prominent 4-aminopyridine-sensitive Ito with a reactivation time course characterized by two components with fast and slow time constants. The rate dependence of action potential duration of M cells was considerably more accentuated than that of epicardium or endocardium and more akin to that of Purkinje fibers (not observed histologically in this region). Phase 4 depolarization was never observed in M cells, not even after exposure to catecholamines and/or low [K+]o. In summary, our study presents evidence for the existence of a unique subpopulation of cells in the deep subepicardium of the canine left and right ventricles with electrophysiological features intermediate between those of conducting and myocardial cells. Although their function is unknown, M cells may facilitate conduction in epicardium and are likely to influence or mediate the manifestation of electrocardiographic J waves, T waves, U waves, and long QT intervals and contribute importantly to arrhythmogenesis.
A channel accessing scheme with joint detection receivers in ad hoc networks (2004)

In order to achieve high capacity packet transmissions in wireless ad hoc networks, the system throughput for a connectionless, distributed channel accessing scheme exploiting joint detection receivers is proposed and analysed. Joint detection allows many concurrent, asynchronous packet transmissions to occur, thereby enhancing the capacity of a system. A novel packet format with physical layer header's containing an additional code identifier (CID) field as proposed by P. Gupta and P. R. Kumar (March 2000) is employed and CSMA is used for the physical layer header (PLH) of the packet. The data portion of each packet is spread by a unique random binary signature sequence identified by the code identifier field (CID) which allows joint detection of the asynchronous, overlapping packets. A comparison of using CSMA and Aloha multiple access for the PLH is made for a bimodal packet length distribution typical in TCP traffic. Further, an upper hound on the throughput capacity considering the proposed channel accessing schemes is given indicating a significant improvement of system and network throughput is possible with respect to conventional methods.
Distribution of T-Lymphocytes and B-Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood and Effusions of Patients With Cancer<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1978)

The relative distribution of T- and B-lymphocytes in the blood and in pleural or abdominal effusions was compared among 24 patients with fluid accumulation due to metastatic cancer and 8 patients without evidence of cancer. The data obtained indicated that the mean percentage of T-lymphocytes in malignant effusions was significantly greater than that in the peripheral blood of the same patients. At the same time, the mean percentage of B-lymphocytes was decreased in malignant effusions when compared with peripheral blood. Neither of these differences was observed when effusions and blood of patients with nonmalignant effusions were compared. In addition, patients with both types of effusions had fewer total lymphocytes in their blood than did normal control patients, whereas those with cancer-associated effusions had an increased proportion of active T-lymphocytes in their blood.
Intravenous fluids: balancing solutions (2016)

The topic of intravenous (IV) fluids may be regarded as "reverse nephrology", because nephrologists usually treat to remove fluids rather than to infuse them. However, because nephrology is deeply rooted in fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, IV fluids belong in the realm of our specialty. The field of IV fluid therapy is in motion due to the increasing use of balanced crystalloids, partly fueled by the advent of new solutions. This review aims to capture these recent developments by critically evaluating the current evidence base. It will review both indications and complications of IV fluid therapy, including the characteristics of the currently available solutions. It will also cover the use of IV fluids in specific settings such as kidney transplantation and pediatrics. Finally, this review will address the pathogenesis of saline-induced hyperchloremic acidosis, its potential effect on outcomes, and the question if this should lead to a definitive switch to balanced solutions.
Analysis of Thermal Monitor features of the Intel® Pentium® M Processor (2004)

For the study of the blood circulation of the superthin skin flap, arterial perfusion of Chinese black ink was performed in 24 cadavers. From 1984 to 1990, "super-thin" skin flap transplantations have been done in 18 patients with deep injuries as a result of electric contact burn, wringer injuries, or chemical burns. The flap taken from thoracic, abdominal, or upper arm regions was trimmed before transfer, and 2 mm thickness of fat was left attached to the subdermal vascular network. The largest super-thin skin flap of the inguinal region was 7 cm in breadth at the pedicle, 15 cm in length and 20 cm in width at the distal part. All of these flaps survived after transfer. Division of the pedicles was performed 3-5 days postoperatively. The cosmetic and functional results were all satisfactory.
Silicone punctal plugs as an adjunctive therapy for open‐angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension (2011)

Based on the results of this study, punctal occlusion offers a statistically and clinically significant decrease in IOP when it is used as an adjunctive therapy to travoprost 0.004% for patients who are suffering from open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
Vacuum Electronic High Power Terahertz Sources (2011)

Recent research and development has been incredibly successful at advancing the capabilities for vacuum electronic device (VED) sources of powerful terahertz (THz) and near-THz coherent radiation, both CW or average and pulsed. Currently, the VED source portfolio covers over 12 orders of magnitude in power (mW-to-GW) and two orders of magnitude in frequency (from <; 0.1 to >; 10 THz). Further advances are still possible and anticipated. They will be enabled by improved understanding of fundamental beam-wave interactions, electromagnetic mode competition and mode control, along with research and development of new materials, fabrication methods, cathodes, electron beam alignment and focusing, magnet technologies, THz metrology and advanced, broadband output radiation coupling techniques.
Deformable kernels for early vision (1995)

Early vision algorithms often have a first stage of linear-filtering that 'extracts' from the image information at multiple scales of resolution and multiple orientations. A common difficulty in the design and implementation of such schemes is that one feels compelled to discretize coarsely the space of scales and orientations in order to reduce computation and storage costs. A technique is presented that allows: 1) computing the best approximation of a given family using linear combinations of a small number of 'basis' functions; and 2) describing all finite-dimensional families, i.e., the families of filters for which a finite dimensional representation is possible with no error. The technique is based on singular value decomposition and may be applied to generating filters in arbitrary dimensions and subject to arbitrary deformations. The relevant functional analysis results are reviewed and precise conditions for the decomposition to be feasible are stated. Experimental results are presented that demonstrate the applicability of the technique to generating multiorientation multi-scale 2D edge-detection kernels. The implementation issues are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>