gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a self‐cleaning sensor membrane for implantable biosensors (2008)

Fibrous tissue encapsulation may slow the diffusion of the target analyte to an implanted sensor and compromise the optical signal. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogels are thermoresponsive, exhibiting temperature-modulated swelling behavior that could be used to prevent biofouling. Unfortunately, PNIPAAm hydrogels are limited by poor mechanical strength. In this study, a unique thermoresponsive nanocomposite hydrogel was developed to create a mechanically robust self-cleaning sensor membrane for implantable biosensors. This hydrogel was prepared by the photochemical cure of an aqueous solution of NIPAAm and copoly(dimethylsiloxane/methylvinylsiloxane) colloidal nanoparticles ( approximately 219 nm). At temperatures above the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of approximately 33-34 degrees C, the hydrogel deswells and becomes hydrophobic, whereas lowering the temperature below the VPTT causes the hydrogel to swell and become hydrophilic. The potential of this material to minimize biofouling via temperature-modulation while maintaining sensor viability was investigated using glucose as a target analyte. PNIPAAm composite hydrogels with and without poration were compared to a pure PNIPAAm hydrogel and a nonthermoresponsive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel. Poration led to a substantial increase in diffusion. Cycling the temperature of the nanocomposite hydrogels around the VPTT caused significant detachment of GFP-H2B 3T3 fibroblast cells.
Electrode-embedded nanopores for label-free single-molecule sequencing by electric currents (2014)

Electrode-embedded nanopores have been developed to realize label-free, low-cost, and high-throughput DNA sequencers.
<i>In Situ</i> TEM Near-Field Optical Probing of Nanoscale Silicon Crystallization (2012)

Laser-based processing enables a wide variety of device configurations comprising thin films and nanostructures on sensitive, flexible substrates that are not possible with more traditional thermal annealing schemes. In near-field optical probing, only small regions of a sample are illuminated by the laser beam at any given time. Here we report a new technique that couples the optical near-field of the laser illumination into a transmission electron microscope (TEM) for real-time observations of the laser-materials interactions. We apply this technique to observe the transformation of an amorphous confined Si volume to a single crystal of Si using laser melting. By confinement of the material volume to nanometric dimensions, the entire amorphous precursor is within the laser spot size and transformed into a single crystal. This observation provides a path for laser processing of single-crystal seeds from amorphous precursors, a potentially transformative technique for the fabrication of solar cells and other nanoelectronic devices.
Amitraz--(TAKTIC) for the control of pig mange. (1980)

The efficiency of amitraz (TAKTIC) on pig mange was evaluated. Controlled trials as well as a field trial document the high acaricidal activity of the product. Spraying or washing with amitraz in a 0.1 per cent water emulsion twice with 1--2 weeks' interval effectively cure scabietic piglets and strongly reduce scabietic lesions and scratchings in sows with chronical mange. duct. Spraying with amitraz in a 0.1 per cent water emulsion twice with 1--2 weeks interval effectively cure scabietic piglets and strongly reduce scabietic lesions and scratchings in sows with chronical mange.
Monolithic integration of photodetector with vertical cavity surface emitting laser (1991)

For the first time, monolithic integration of a photodetector with a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is demonstrated. We have designed and fabricated VCSELs with monolithically integrated pin photodetectors which dynamically monitor (and can thus control) the output power of the lasers. The VCSELs lase at room temperature and emit a highly coherent, low-divergence, circular beam directly from the top surface. The integrated photodetector shows a linear response to the laser emission with an effective responsivity of 0.25 A/W.
A Foreign-body Granuloma due to Microfibrillar Collagen Hemostat Used during a Craniotomy : A Case Report (1994)

開頭術後に痙撃発作を繰り返した異物性肉芽腫の1例を報告した.肉芽腫の原因はmicrofibri1lar collagen hemostat (MCH) (Avitene^<(R)>)であった.MCHを使用する際には肉芽腫の発生を念頭におき,使用後は生理的食塩水などで十分に洗浄することが重要であると考えられた.
SiP-based 60GHz 4×4 antenna array with 90nm CMOS OOK modulator in LTCC (2010)

A 60 GHz 4 × 4 circular polarized (CP) patch array antenna with a 90 nm CMOS OOK modulator are designed and integrated in low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) substrate to form a SiP-based transmitter. By applying a stripline sequential rotation feeding scheme, the CP array exhibits a wide impedance bandwidth (VSWR<;2) and 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth, both over 8 GHz. It has a beam-shaped pattern with a 3 dB beamwidth of 20° and a peak gain of 16.8 dBi. The CMOS modulator includes a 60 GHz oscillator and switchable amplifiers to provide the OOK modulation. By applying a bond wire compensation scheme and low-loss transition optimization, the CMOS modulator is successfully integrated into the package with 2mil 500 μm long bond wires. The final fabricated prototype measures only 22 × 13 × 1.4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The 60 GHz SiP transmitter is tested with a commercial receiver and a data rate of 2 Gbps is demonstrated. The energy usage at 2Gb/s is only 13.2 pJ/bit for the modulator.
B cell development in the bone marrow. (1990)

Recent years have produced considerable progress in defining stages in the development of B cells in vivo, and in revealing interactions with regulatory molecules and cells. Studies of the phenotype and population dynamics of precursor B cells in mouse bone marrow have quantitated cell production at sequential steps of differentiation and have also indicated a substantial cell death. The proliferation of precursor B cells is influenced both by systemic factors and by cytokines derived from bone marrow stromal cells. In situ immunolabeling has revealed that early precursor B cells are closely associated with subosteal stromal cells, aberrant B lineage cells appear to be deleted by macrophages and terminal B cells mature within the lumen of vascular sinusoids before being released. The findings lead to working models of the in vivo differentiation, regulation and microenvironmental organization of B cell genesis in the bone marrow.
Clinicopathological significance of EZH2 mRNA expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (2005)

Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), a member of the polycomb group protein family, plays a crucial role in the regulation of embryonic development and has been associated with the regulation of the cell cycle. Recently, several studies have shown that EZH2 is highly expressed in aggressive tumours, including human breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lymphomas. We thus analysed EZH2 expression using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and correlated its expression status with various clinicopathological parameters in 66 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found high expression of EZH2 in human liver cancer cell lines. Furthermore, EZH2 gene-expression levels in tumour tissue specimens (0.34+/-0.52) were significantly higher (P<0.0001) than those in the corresponding nontumour tissue specimens (0.07+/-0.09). The incidence of cancer cell invasion into the portal vein was significantly higher (P<0.001) in the high EZH2 expression group (26 of the 33, 79%) than in the low expression group (13 of the 33, 39%). However, there was no significant difference in the disease-free survival rate between the two groups. The findings of this study indicate that EZH2 mRNA expression was upregulated in human HCC and may play an important role in tumour progression, especially by facilitating portal vein invasion.
Low loss IGBT with Partially Narrow Mesa Structure (PNM-IGBT) (2012)

A PNM (Partially Narrow Mesa) -IGBT with a fundamentally new surface is proposed for the first time. The unique gate shape looks like a “vase” and generates an extreme injection enhancement. Its performance approaches the limits of Si-IGBT. Therefore, PNM-IGBT is able to contribute to the saturation voltage reduction and the improvement of Vce(sat)-Eoff trade off. Furthermore, it can be adapted to actual conditions because of its sufficiently rugged structure.
Prospective materials and applications for Li secondary batteries (2011)

Li-ion batteries have been employed successfully in various small electronic devices for the last two decades, and the types of applications are currently expanding to include electric vehicles (EVs), power tools, and large electric power storage units. In order to be implemented in these emerging markets, novel materials for negative and positive electrodes as well as electrolytes need to be developed to achieve high energy density, high power, and safe lithium rechargeable batteries. Here, the trends of the market and development of materials for each application are introduced, and some of next generation Li-ion batteries are discussed.
A novel cytochrome P450 mono‐oxygenase from <i>Streptomyces platensis</i> resembles activities of human drug metabolizing P450s (2018)

Cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases (P450) are versatile enzymes which play essential roles in C-source assimilation, secondary metabolism, and in degradations of endo- and exogenous xenobiotics. In humans, several P450 isoforms constitute the largest part of phase I metabolizing enzymes and catalyze oxidation reactions which convert lipophilic xenobiotics, including drugs, to more water soluble species. Recombinant human P450s and microorganisms are applied in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of drug metabolites for pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies. Compared to the membrane-bound eukaryotic P450s, prokaryotic ones exhibit some advantageous features, such as high stability and generally easier heterologous expression. Here, we describe a novel P450 from Streptomyces platensis DSM 40041 classified as CYP107L that efficiently converts several commercial drugs of various size and properties. This P450 was identified by screening of actinobacterial strains for amodiaquine and ritonavir metabolizing activities, followed by genome sequencing and expression of the annotated S. platensis P450s in Escherichia coli. Performance of CYP107L in biotransformations of amodiaquine, ritonavir, amitriptyline, and thioridazine resembles activities of the main human metabolizing P450s, namely CYPs 3A4, 2C8, 2C19, and 2D6. For application in the pharmaceutical industry, an E. coli whole-cell biocatalyst expressing CYP107L was developed and evaluated for preparative amodiaquine metabolite production.
Reactions of Free Radicals with Olefins. Dehydro Dimer Structures of 4-Vinylcyclohexene (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Free Radicals with Olefins. Dehydro Dimer Structures of 4-VinylcyclohexeneJ. Reid Shelton and Jerome F. SiudaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 6, 2028–2030Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01344a541https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01344a541research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Second-order recurrent neural networks for grammatical inference (2002)

It is shown that a recurrent, second-order neural network using a real-time, feedforward training algorithm readily learns to infer regular grammars from positive and negative string training samples. Numerous simulations which show the effect of initial conditions, training set size and order, and neuron architecture are presented. All simulations were performed with random initial weight strengths and usually converge after approximately a hundred epochs of training. The authors discuss a quantization algorithm for dynamically extracting finite-state automata during and after training. For a well-trained neural net, the extracted automata constitute an equivalence class of state machines that are reducible to the minimal machine of the inferred grammar. It is then shown through simulations that many of the neural net state machines are dynamically stable and correctly classify long unseen strings.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design and experimental evaluation of cooperative adaptive cruise control (2011)

Road throughput can be increased by driving at small inter-vehicle time gaps. The amplification of velocity disturbances in upstream direction, however, poses limitations to the minimum feasible time gap. String-stable behavior is thus considered an essential requirement for the design of automatic distance control systems, which are needed to allow for safe driving at time gaps well below 1 s. Theoretical analysis reveals that this requirement can be met using wireless inter-vehicle communication to provide real-time information of the preceding vehicle, in addition to the information obtained by common Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) sensors. In order to validate these theoretical results and to demonstrate the technical feasibility, the resulting control system, known as Cooperative ACC (CACC), is implemented on a test fleet consisting of six passenger vehicles. Experiments clearly show that the practical results match the theoretical analysis, thereby indicating the possibilities for short-distance vehicle following.
Über Verbindungen mit Urotropin‐Struktur, XVII. Zur Kenntnis der Adamantan‐carbonsäure‐(1) (1960)

Abstract Es werden eine Reihe von Reaktionen der Adamantan‐carbonsäure‐(1), ihres Säurechlorides und des Äthylesters beschrieben.
SmartDPSS: Cost-Minimizing Multi-source Power Supply for Datacenters with Arbitrary Demand (2013)

To tackle soaring power costs, significant carbon emission and unexpected power outage, Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) typically equip their Datacenters with a Power Supply System (DPSS) nurtured by multiple sources: (1) smart grid with time-varying electricity prices, (2) uninterrupted power supply (UPS), and (3) renewable energy with intermittent and uncertain supply. It remains a significant challenge how to operate among multiple power supply sources in a complementary manner, to deliver reliable energy to datacenter users with arbitrary demand over time, while minimizing a CSP's operation cost over the long run. This paper proposes an efficient, online control algorithm for DPSS, SmartDPSS, based on the two-timescale Lyapunov optimization techniques. Without requiring a priori knowledge of system statistics, SmartDPSS allows CSPs to make online decisions on how much power demand, including delay-sensitive demand and delay-tolerant demand, to serve at each time, the amount of power to purchase from the long-term-ahead and realtime grid markets, and charging and discharging of UPS over time, in order to fully leverage the available renewable energy and time-varying prices from the grid markets, for minimum operational cost. We thoroughly analyze the performance of our online control algorithm with rigorous theoretical analysis. We also demonstrate its optimality in terms of operational cost, demand service delay, datacenter availability, system robustness and scalability, using extensive simulations based on one-month worth of traces from live power systems.
Effects of Hybrid Peptide Analogs to Receptor Recognition Domains on α- and γ-Chains of Human Fibrinogen on Fibrinogen Binding to Platelets (1993)

Summary We synthesized a series of hybrid peptides that correspond to the γ-chain dodecapeptide (400-411), variable numbers of glycine residues, and the RGDS peptide [Y-HHLGGAK-QAGDV(G) n RGDS] to investigate the relationship of these receptor recognition domains of fibrinogen to platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. The tetrapeptide RGDS, the GRGDSPA peptide and the dodecapeptide inhibited binding of fibrinogen to GPIIb/IIIa by 50% (IC50) at concentrations of 17 ± 1.6 μM, 15 ± 2.1 μM, and 87 ± 6.8 μM, respectively. The inhibitory effect of hybrid peptides increased as the number of glycine residues increased, plateauing with 9-11 glycine residues in hybrid peptide analogs, which had an IC50 of 0.68 ± 0.14 μM. These hybrid peptides completely inhibited the binding of fibrinogen to activated platelets when used in sufficient concentrations. The peptide Y-HHLGGAKQAGDV(G)9RGDS blocked ADP-induced aggregation in citrated platelet-rich plasma with IC50 of 3.5 ± 0.6 μM. When the peptide Y-HHLGGAK-QAGDV(G)9RGDS was labeled with 125I to quantify its binding to platelets, maximal binding was observed within 30 min. The binding sites of the hybrid peptide were 43,600 molecules/platelet (K d = 3.1 ± 0.5 × 10-7 M) to stimulated platelets and 12,500 molecules/platelet (K d = 1.4 ± 0.2 × 10-7 M) to nonstimulated platelets. The hybrid peptides had the same binding affinity to platelets as fibrinogen and inhibited platelet function. Moreover, anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody inhibited the binding of the labeled hybrid peptide to stimulated platelets. These results indicate that in the native fibrinogen molecule the presence of both RGD sequence or γ-chain domain at optimal distances increased the binding affinity to GPIIb/IIIa. These domains may be the source of hybrid peptide, expanding a new class of platelet inhibitors that act at membrane receptors for adhesive proteins.
Teaching Physicians to Care Amid Chaos (2013)

For physicians who were residents in the 1970s (like we were), it was a simpler era for care. A relatively small number of medications were available for treatment and prevention of illness. All patients with acute myocardial infarctions received lidocaine because physicians mistakenly thought it prevented arrhythmic death. The powerful cardiovascular benefits of aspirin were unknown. Blood work and plain radiographs could be ordered (computed tomography was just arriving on the scene), but physicians had to go to the radiology department to view the images. Information was exchanged by synchronous face-to-face and telephone communication or by written notes and letters
Investigation on direct bonding of III–V semiconductor wafers with lattice mismatch and orientation mismatch (1996)

The direct bonding of various III–V wafers with mismatches in terms of lattice constants and surface orientations was systematically investigated for an In–Ga–As–P system. Many wafer combinations were bonded with sufficient mechanical strength, despite those mismatches. The bonding interface of (001) GaP and (110) InP was observed by transmission electron microscopy and found to be bonded at the atomic level without any defects occurring. The electrical property of the bonding interface was examined for several bonded structures of GaAs and InP. The results support a novel concept ‘‘free-orientation integration,’’ which should be achieved by direct bonding.
Phase Compensation of Linear FM Slanted Transducers by Use of Metallized Stripes (1982)

- First order slanted array correlator transducers have been constructed in the past and are the basis for many pulse compression systems. Phase errors in these d evices when used in a pulse compression application cause degradation of compressed pulse time sidelobe levels. The possibility of compensating these phase errors over large bandwidths exists due to the geometry of such devices. R eported in this paper is a method of phase compensation which utilizes the time delay created by the propagation of a surface a coustic wave under a metallized stripe. In slanted transducer devices the propaation paths for each frequency in the device bandwidth are distributed spatially. By placing a metallized stripe between the transducers in the acoustic path, phase compensation can be achieved. Using this method several devices have been compensated and phase error reduction of 90% peak has been observed causing a corresponding reduction in time sidelobes of 5 dB. The analysis of this method is presented along with some test results.
Image steganographic scheme based on pixel-value differencing and LSB replacement methods (2005)

In order to improve the capacity of the hidden secret data and to provide an imperceptible stego-image quality, a novel steganographic method based on least-significant-bit (LSB) replacement and pixel-value differencing (PVD) method is presented. First, a different value from two consecutive pixels by utilising the PVD method is obtained. A small difference value can be located on a smooth area and the large one is located on an edged area. In the smooth areas, the secret data is hidden into the cover image by LSB method while using the PVD method in the edged areas. Because the range width is variable, and the area in which the secret data is concealed by LSB or PVD method are hard to guess, the security level is the same as that of a single using the PVD method of the proposed method. From the experimental results, compared with the PVD method being used alone, the proposed method can hide a much larger information and maintains a good visual quality of stego-image.
• COMMON FIXED POINTS IN NORMED SPACES USING α- PROPERTY VIA WEAKLY-BIASED AND (OWC) MAPS (2012)

I n this paper, we will prove and show by an Example that, the condition of weakly compatibility (and (owc), as well) implies to weakly S-biased maps and weakly A-biased maps, but not conversely. By using this fact, we will prove two types of fixed point results: part I , for weakly biased maps; and part II , for (owc) maps. The results of part I (Theorem 2.1 and Theorem 2.4) are the generalization of the Theorems of Ciric and Um´e [2], while the result of part II (Theorem 2.7) is the generalization of Theorem 1 of Pathak and Verma [13].
Stretching the Stamp: A Flexible Approach to the Fabrication of Miniaturized DNA Arrays (2009)

Miniaturized DNA arrays are obtained by using elastic deformation in conjunction with conventional pin spotting. The process takes advantage of elastomers that offer high mechanical flexibility, which makes it possible to achieve substantial miniaturization in a single step (see image).
Measures of the Effectiveness of Fault Signature Analysis (1980)

A linear feedback shift register can be used to compress a serial stream of test result data. The compressed erroneous bit stream caused by a fault is said to form the "signature" of the fault. Since the bit stream is compressed, however, it is possible for an erroneous bit stream and the correct one to result in the same signature.