gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Iterative Channel Estimation and Turbo Equalization for Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output Underwater Acoustic Communications (2020)

This article investigates a robust receiver scheme for a single carrier, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) underwater acoustic (UWA) communications, which uses the sparse Bayesian learning algorithm for iterative channel estimation embedded in Turbo equalization (TEQ). We derive a block-wise sparse Bayesian learning framework modeling the spatial correlation of the MIMO UWA channels, where a more robust expectation-maximization algorithm is proposed for updating the joint estimates of channel impulse response, residual noise, and channel covariance matrix. By exploiting the spatially correlated sparsity of MIMO UWA channels and the second-order a priori channel statistics from the training sequence, the proposed Bayesian channel estimator enjoys not only relatively low complexity but also more stable control of the hyperparameters that determine the channel sparsity and recovery accuracy. Moreover, this article proposes a low complexity space-time soft decision feedback equalizer (ST-SDFE) with successive soft interference cancellation. Evaluated by the undersea 2008 Surface Processes and Acoustic Communications Experiment, the improved sparse Bayesian learning channel estimation algorithm outperforms the conventional Bayesian algorithms in terms of the robustness and complexity, while enjoying better estimation accuracy than the orthogonal matching pursuit and the improved proportionate normalized least mean squares algorithms. We have also verified that the proposed ST-SDFE TEQ significantly outperforms the low-complexity minimum mean square error TEQ in terms of the bit error rate and error propagation.
Demodex/attributed rosacea/like lesions in AIDS. (1993)

The association between AIDS and demodicidosis has been occasionally described elsewhere. We present a new case, in a patient with post-transfusional AIDS, who had many papules and pustules localized to the upper trunk and face, in relation to zidovudine treatment.
TU‐D‐204B‐05: Cone‐Beam CT for Guidance of Spine Surgery: Performance and Integration of a New High‐Performance C‐Arm Prototype (2010)

Purpose : A prototype mobile C‐arm incorporating a flat‐panel detector (FPD) for high‐quality cone‐beam CT (CBCT) is under investigation for spine surgery. This work describes the image quality and dose in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine surgery and integration with novel navigation subsystems critical to high‐precision surgical guidance, including: tracking, video augmentation, deformable registration, and multi‐modality visualization. Method and Materials : Image quality, patient dose, and in‐room dose were assessed in phantom and cadaver studies approximating spine surgery. An open‐source software architecture was employed for integration of navigation systems based upon the CISST libraries linked to 3D Slicer. For spine surgery, a novel video‐based tracking and augmentation system was developed to facilitate high‐precision minimally invasive techniques. Target registration error (TRE) and accuracy of overlay were assessed. Deformable registration of preoperative and intraoperative images was based upon a fast implementation of the Demons algorithm. Results : Image quality demonstrated sub‐mm spatial resolution and soft‐tissue visibility; protocols were identified for “standard” and “high‐quality” imaging of the spine ‐ respectively for bone visualization (100 kVp, 2.4 mA, 200 projections, 1.6 mGy) and for soft‐tissue (100 kVp, 5.0 mA, 400 projections, 7.1 mGy). The TRE for video‐based and infrared tracking systems was 0.67 and 0.54 mm, respectively, and the accuracy of video overlay was 1.0 mm for the integrated video‐based tracker, compared to 1.3 mm for separate video and infrared trackers. Deformable registration demonstrated accuracy on the order of the voxel size on timescales consistent with surgical application. Conclusion : The first evaluation of an integrated mobile CBCT and guidance systems for spine surgery was demonstrated and characterized, emphasizing a flexible architecture of application‐specific navigation technologies. Drawing upon a decade of research in C‐arm CBCT, a new clinical prototype C‐arm is realized and undergoing evaluation and translation to spine surgery trials. Research supported by the NIH and Siemens Healthcare.
Structure–Activity Relationships of 4-Position Diamine Quinoline Methanols as Intermittent Preventative Treatment (IPT) against <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (2011)

A library of diamine quinoline methanols were designed based on the mefloquine scaffold. The systematic variation of the 4-position amino alcohol side chain led to analogues that maintained potency while reducing accumulation in the central nervous system (CNS). Although the mechanism of action remains elusive, these data indicate that the 4-position side chain is critical for activity and that potency (as measured by IC(90)) does not correlate with accumulation in the CNS. A new lead compound, (S)-1-(2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)-2-(2-(cyclopropylamino)ethylamino)ethanol (WR621308), was identified with single dose efficacy and substantially lower permeability across MDCK cell monolayers than mefloquine. This compound could be appropriate for intermittent preventative treatment (IPTx) indications or other malaria treatments currently approved for mefloquine.
Opportunities for Membrane Separation Processes Using Ionic Liquids (2005)

An overview will be given on the application of membrane separations involving ionic liquids. In particular, the use of pervaporation and supported liquid membranes for the recovery of solutes will be presented and discussed in detail, revealing the opportunities that exist for the still recent area of coupling membrane separation processes and ionic liquids.
Dihydropyran‐Derivate durch Dien‐Synthesen von α‐β‐ungesättigten Carbonylverbindungen mit <i>N</i>‐Vinyl‐Verbindungen (1962)

Abstract Durch Addition mehrerer N ‐Vinyl‐carbamidsäureester und N ‐Vinyl‐harnstoff‐Derivate an α.β‐ungesättigte Carbonylverbindungen entstehen bisher unbekannte N ‐[2.3‐Dihydro‐pyranyl‐(2)]‐carbamidsäureester bzw. ‐harnstoffe. Durch Hydrolyse erhält man Glutardialdehyd oder 4‐Acetyl‐butyraldehyd. Katalytische Hydrierung liefert die entsprechenden Tetrahydropyran‐Derivate. Die UV‐Spektren werden beschrieben.
O COMPUTADOR E O ENSINO DO PROJETO ARQUITETÔNICO: REVISANDO A QUESTÃO NOS SEMINÁRIOS PROJETAR (2011)

Este ensaio tem por objetivo investigar como a questao das ferramentas computacionais e suas implicacoes no ensino do projeto arquitetonico foi abordada nos Seminarios PROJETAR – Seminario Nacional Sobre Ensino e Pesquisa em Projeto de Arquitetura, em suas edicoes ocorridas nos anos de 2003, 2005 e 2007. Dentro deste universo de pesquisa, foram selecionados dez textos que discutem a questao posta, agrupando-os em duas categorias distintas de analise, sendo na primeira inseridos os textos que apresentam uma abordagem conceitual do problema, e na segunda aqueles que relatam experiencias academicas de pesquisa e implementacao de ferramentas informatizadas no ensino do projeto arquitetonico. Sao apresentadas, de forma sintetica, as abordagens dos autores em seus textos, segundo as categorias supracitadas, de modo a tracar um panorama sobre a questao em estudo. Palavras-chave: Computador. Ensino do projeto arquitetonico. Seminarios Projetar.
Christopher Foote′s Discovery of the Role of Singlet Oxygen [<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> (<sup>1</sup>Δ<sub>g</sub>)] in Photosensitized Oxidation Reactions (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Imaging and Electrical Resistivity Measurements of Disordered Carbon—Black—Polymer Composites (1999)

This chapter reviews some of the work done on disordered carbonblack—polymer composites by my collaborators and myself over the past several years. These composites have widespread commercial applications. A qualitative analysis of a transmission electron microscope image is presented. Quantitative analyses of scanning probe microscope images and dc electrical resistivity data are presented. The resistivity and linear expansion of a typical composite between 25 and 180°C are measured and analyzed. The scaling theory of percolation provides a good explanation of most of our data.
Drug-to-Antibody Ratio (DAR) and Drug Load Distribution by LC-ESI-MS (2013)

This chapter describes an LC-ESI-MS method for the DAR and drug load distribution analysis that is suitable for lysine-linked ADCs. The ADC sample is desalted using a reversed-phase LC column with an acetonitrile gradient prior to online MS analysis. The MS spectrum is processed (deconvoluted) and converted to a series of zero charge state masses that corresponds to the increasing number of drugs in the ADC. Integration of the mass peak area allows the calculation of the DAR and drug load distribution of ADCs.
Serum Soluble Heat Shock Protein 60 Is Elevated in Subjects With Atherosclerosis in a General Population (2000)

Our data provide the first evidence of a strong correlation between sHSP60 and atherosclerosis, suggesting that sHSP60 may play important roles in activating vascular cells and the immune system during the development of atherosclerosis.
Broadband 4&#x00D7;4 non-blocking optical switch fabric based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers (2014)

We demonstrate a silicon 4×4 non-blocking Benes switch fabric consisting of three stages of tunable Mach-Zehnder interferometers. Measurements show that the insertion loss is around 10 dB and the crosstalk is below -10 dB over a 40 nm wide wavelength range.
What Can the United States Learn from English Anti-Suit Injunctions? An American Perspective on Airbus Industrie GIE v. Patel (2000)

This Comment provides a look at the US. legal system through the eyes of England's highest court. Using the House of Lords decision in Airbus Industries GIE v. Patel as a vehicle, this Comment discusses the standard for granting international antisuit injunctions in the United States. Along the way, the Comment also offers some practical lessons regarding complex international litigation drawn from the extensive maneuverings employed in the Airbus case as it traveled through various courts in the United States, India, and England. The Comment concludes by arguing that United States courts should embrace the approach advocated by the House of Lords in Airbus and adopt a strict comity-based standard for granting international anti-suit injunctions.
Fast Wavelength Scanning Reflectance Spectrophotometer for Noninvasive Determination of Hemoglobin Oxygenation in Human Skin (1994)

Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (HbSO2) in skin vessels may be determined with photometric methods. However, the optical complexity of the skin makes quantitative measurements difficult. A possible approach is the analysis of reflectance spectra using the two-flux theory of Kubelka and Munk. The final equation of this theory which describes the transformation between absorbed and reflected light has been approximated by a hyperbola. Based on this approximation we evaluated skin spectra obtained from the forearm of 23 healthy subjects with a fast scanning reflection photometer (Oxyscan) applying visible light (535-620 nm). The hyperbola was used in a multicomponent analysis in which the measured spectrum is recalculated using reference spectra of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (gaussian least-square method). A crucial requirement for the evaluation is the subtraction of the individual skin spectrum, obtained by clearing a spot of skin of hemoglobin exerting external pressure. At rest HbSO2 was in the range between 42 and 89% (mean +/- SD: 72.9 +/- 12.2%). Pharmacological and thermal generation of hyperemia combined with respiration of pure oxygen raised the values to 86-100% (97.9 +/- 4.6%). This was in good agreement with capillary ex vivo analysis yielding 96-100% (98.7 +/- 0.4%). Under arterial occlusion HbSO2 fell below 30% (14.5 +/- 7.8%). Our method allows rapid determinations of absolute HbSO2 values in the skin. The evaluation error is estimated to be between 5% for oxygenated and 10% for deoxygenated values.
Phase II Study of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Bladder Cancer: Long-Term Follow-Up of a 3-Week Regimen (2005)

GMC and CDDP is an active schedule with a good safety profile in a 21-day regimen. It may be a valid alternative to the standard 28-day regimen due to its high tumor response and survival with a low incidence of toxicity, especially in pretreated and metastatic patients.
Structural Events in the Photocycle of Green Fluorescent Protein (2005)

Picosecond time-resolved mid-infrared absorption changes of the wild type green fluorescent protein from Aequorea victoria are reported on structural events during the photocycle. Concomitant with rapid H/D transfer following excitation of the neutral A state at 400 nm, a transient signal at 1721/1711 cm-1 (H/D) developed belonging to protonated glutamate 222, which was definitively assigned using the E222D mutant from the altered proton-transfer kinetics to aspartate in addition to the altered band position and intensity in the spectra. A transient at 1697 cm-1, assigned to a structural perturbation of glutamine 69, had a H/D kinetic isotope effect of >32, showing the conformational dynamics to be sensitive to the active site H/D vibrations. The kinetic data up to 2 ns after excitation in the 1250−1800 cm-1 region in D2O provided 10 and 75 ps time constants for the excited-state deuteron transfer and the associated A1* − A1 and A2* − A2 difference spectra and showed the radiative intermediate I* state vibrations and the transient accumulation of the long-lived ground-state intermediate I2. Assignments of chromophore modes for the A1, A2, and I2 ground states are proposed on the basis of published model compound studies1,2 (Esposito, A. P.; Schellenberg, P.; Parson, W. W.; Reid, P. J. J. Mol. Struct. 2001, 569, 25 and He, X.; Bell, A. F.; Tonge, P. J. J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 6056). Tentative assignments for the singlet-state intermediates A1*, A2*, and I* are discussed. An unexpected and unassigned band that may be a CC chromophore vibration was observed in the ground state (1665 cm-1) as well as in all photocycle intermediates. Optical dumping of the transient I* population was achieved using an additional 532 nm pulse and the directly obtained I2 − I* difference spectrum was highly similar to the I2 − I* photocycle spectrum. The pump−dump−probe spectrum differed from the pump−probe photocycle difference spectrum with respect to the intensity of the phenol 1 mode at 1578 cm-1, suggesting stronger delocalization of the negative charge onto the phenolic ring of the anionic chromophore in the dumped I2 state. Indication for structural heterogeneity of the chromophore, Glu 222, and the chromophore environment was found in the two parallel proton-transfer reactions and their distinct associated ground- and intermediate-state vibrations. Vibrational spectral markers at 1695 cm-1 assigned to Gln 69, at 1631 cm-1 belonging to a CC mode, and at 1354 cm-1 belonging to a phenolate vibration further indicated the I2 and I* states to be unrelaxed.
National Literacy Mission-Retrospect and Prospect (1998)

﻿Retrospect and Prospect Lakshmidhar Mishra Improving upon the National Adult Education Programme, the National Literacy Mission (NLM) made the demand for literacy from the illiterates as an entry point to generate mass participation in adult literacy programmes. The total literacy campaigns (TLCs) launched under the auspices of NLM in various districts of the country not only energised government officials and general populace but distinctly empowered the disadvantaged sections of the society. Yet, given the limited human, material and financial resources in an administrative set up, and the neglect of post-literacy and continuing education phase, the TLCs would achieve their goat in a more systematic manner if alternative strategies by local voluntary agencies and social action groups too are encouraged by the zilla saksharatha samitis.
CB2 cannabinoid receptors promote mouse neural stem cell proliferation (2007)

Neurospheres are clonal cellular aggregates of neural stem/precursor cells that grow in culture as free-floating clusters. Activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors, which are expressed by these cells, promotes proliferation. In the present study we investigated the expression of CB2 cannabinoid receptors and the effect of exogenous cannabinoids on neural stem/precursor cell proliferation. Neurospheres containing nestin-positive and sn-1 diacylglycerol lipase alpha-positive cells expressed both CB1 and CB2 receptors, which were maintained through several passages. Application of the non-selective cannabinoid agonist (HU-210, 0.5 microM) stimulated bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and neurosphere formation. This action involved both CB1 and CB2 receptors as neurosphere formation was stimulated by either selective CB1 [arachidonyl-2'chloroethylamide/(all Z)-N-(2-cycloethyl)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenamide (ACEA), 200 nM and 1 microM] or CB2 (JWH-056, 0.5 microM) agonists. In addition, CB1 or CB2 antagonists (1 microM SR-141716A and SR-144528, respectively) blocked basal proliferation, suggesting that endogenous cannabinoids are implicated in neurosphere proliferation. In addition, cannabinoid agonist-stimulated proliferation was reduced by the Akt translocation inhibitor BML-257 (12.5 microM), suggesting a role for phosphoinositide-3 kinase signalling. Together, our results suggest that cannabinoids stimulate proliferation of neural stem/precursor cells acting on both CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors through a phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt pathway.
Auditory analysis and of vowel-like sounds: (1973)

The results of traditional masking experiments do not fit in with the effect of "two-tone inhibition" revealed by single-nerve-fibre studies. This is considered a serious objection against the interpretation of a masking pattern as reflecting the auditory spectrum of a masker. The results of a different masking paradigm, based on the pulsation threshold, do reveal an effect similar to "two-tone inhibition." Therefore, such pulsation-threshold patterns might reflect more accurately the auditory spectrum of the masker. Pulsation-threshold patterns of three vowel-like sounds were determined. These were compared with the spectral patterns of the "vowels" after analysis with a 1/3 octave-band filter with running centre frequency. It appeared that the pulsation-threshold patterns are sharper than the 1/3 octave-band spectra and, in some cases. even more pronounced than the original vowel spectra. This has interesting implications with regard to vowel-perception theories, such as theories on "formant extraction."
Potential Use of a Megamolecular Polysaccharide Sacran as a Hydrogel-Based Sustained Release System (2014)

A megamolecular polysaccharide sacran was newly extracted from cyanobacterium Aphanothece sacrum. Sacran has many preferable properties for transdermal application, e.g. a safe biomaterial, a high moisturizing effect, a formation of film and hydrogel. Additionally, it was recently discovered that sacran has an anti-inflammatory effect for atopic dermatitis model mice. In this study, in order to evaluate the feasibility of sacran-hydrogel as a novel sustained release system, we prepared a sacran-hydrogel containing 4-biphenyl acetic acid (BPAA, an acidic drug), prednisolone (PD, a neutral drug) or chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM, a basic drug), and performed the in vitro release studies. The sacran-hydrogel containing BPAA, PD or CPM provided a sustained release profile in accordance with a quasi-Fickian diffusion model. Furthermore, the release rate of drugs from sacran-hydrogels can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of aluminum chloride as a cross linker. These results suggest the potential use of sacran-hydrogel as a sustained release system for drugs.
Biodegradation of sulfur mustard hydrolysate in the sequencing batch reactor (1997)

The United States Army is currently examining chemical neutralization followed by biodegradation for disposal of the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard. The acidic hydrolysis of sulfur mustard (“mustard gas”, 2,2′-dichlorodiethyl sulfide), yields a detoxified and biodegradable product typically containing from 80 to 95% thiodiglycol. The hydrolyzed product was typically amended with 1,450 mg/L of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), 280 mg/L of potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4), and mineral salts and fed to aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs). The SBRs were operated with 3-5 hour aerated Fill, 17-18 hour React, 1 hour Settle and 1 hour Draw periods. The efficiency of carbon removal was greater than 90% and the effluent was non-toxic as determined by aquatic toxicity tests.
Prevention of mucositis in irradiated head and neck cancer patients. (1996)

Mucositis has been a significant debilitating side effect to the treatment of head and neck cancer by irradiation. A change in prophylactic treatment policy was made in August 1991 such that a total of 59 patients was divided into two groups. In Group A, 37 patients were treated prophylactically principally by sucralfate; while in Group B, 22 patients were treated by a three-part prophylactic regimen consisting of sucralfate, either cipriofloxacin or ampicillin, and clotrimazole troches. In Group A patients, unless they had limited fields as for stage 1 vocal cord patients, they uniformly progressed from patchy to confluent or severe mucositis (31/37 severe mucositis). Of the 22 patients in Group B, three patients also arrived at completion of treatment with severe or confluent mucositis; 12 of 22 experienced mild to patchy mucositis by completion, and seven of 22 retained their mucosa entirely intact at the completion of treatment. Four of 22 patients in Group B encountered a clinically diagnosed herpes virus infection of the oropharynx during treatment, which improved when Zovirax was added to their regimen. We conclude that mucositis is clearly and markedly improved by utilization of our prophylactic regimen for Gram-negative rods and fungi.
PTG, a Protein Phosphatase 1-Binding Protein with a Role in Glycogen Metabolism (1997)

Protein dephosphorylation by phosphatase PP1 plays a central role in mediating the effects of insulin on glucose and lipid metabolism. A PP1C-targeting protein expressed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (called PTG, for protein targeting to glycogen) was cloned and characterized. PTG was expressed predominantly in insulin-sensitive tissues. In addition to binding and localizing PP1C to glycogen, PTG formed complexes with phosphorylase kinase, phosphorylase a, and glycogen synthase, the primary enzymes involved in the hormonal regulation of glycogen metabolism. Overexpression of PTG markedly increased basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing the insulin receptor, which do not express endogenous PTG. These results suggest that PTG is critical for glycogen metabolism, possibly functioning as a molecular scaffold.