gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acute intermittent optogenetic stimulation of nucleus tractus solitarius neurons induces sympathetic long-term facilitation (2014)

Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) induces sympathetic and phrenic long-term facilitation (LTF), defined as a sustained increase in nerve discharge. We investigated the effects of AIH and acute intermittent optogenetic (AIO) stimulation of neurons labeled with AAV-CaMKIIa, hChR2(H134R), and mCherry in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of anesthetized, vagotomized, and mechanically ventilated rats. We measured renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), phrenic nerve activity (PNA), power spectral density, and coherence, and we made cross-correlation measurements to determine how AIO stimulation and AIH affected synchronization between PNA and RSNA. Sixty minutes after AIH produced by ventilation with 10% oxygen in balanced nitrogen, RSNA and PNA amplitude increased by 80% and by 130%, respectively (P < 0.01). Sixty minutes after AIO stimulation, RSNA and PNA amplitude increased by 60% and 100%, respectively, (P < 0.01). These results suggest that acute intermittent stimulation of NTS neurons can induce renal sympathetic and phrenic LTF in the absence of hypoxia or chemoreceptor afferent activation. We also found that while acute intermittent optogenetic and hypoxic stimulations increased respiration-related RSNA modulation (P < 0.01), they did not increase synchronization between central respiratory drive and RSNA. We conclude that mechanisms that induce LTF originate within the caudal NTS and extend to other interconnecting neuronal elements of the central nervous cardiorespiratory network.
5 Gbit/s direct optical DPSK modulation of a 1530-nm DFB laser (1989)

5 Gb/s direct optical differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) modulation of a 1530-nm distributed feedback (DFB) laser is demonstrated using injection current modulation with a bipolar signal format. Delay demodulation is performed using an interferometer with a delay time T equal to the duration of one bit. The input and differentially encoded nonreturn to zero (NRZ) signals are shown. The bipolar modulation current signal is basically the time derivative of the NRZ signal. There was no degradation of the optical DPSK signal due to thermal frequency modulation of the laser. The direct DPSK modulation technique avoids the insertion loss and systems complexity of external DPSK modulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Temperature dependent electrical characteristics of through-si-via (TSV) interconnections (2010)

In this paper, we investigate the electrical behavior of TSV with increasing temperatures (25-150°C). TSV capacitance, leakage current and TSV resistance with varying temperatures are reported. TSV C-V characteristics are analyzed to extract the oxide charges. It is confirmed that the depletion behavior of TSV can be exploited to reduce TSV capacitance even at higher temperatures. In addition, lumped RC model of the TSV for circuit simulations is enhanced by incorporating measured TSV resistance and capacitance change due to temperature. The results are corroborated with the 2D/3D Ring Oscillator (RO) measurements at different temperatures.
Salinity, pH, and Surfactant Concentration Effects on CO2-Foam (2005)

Abstract The influence of a number of parameters on CO2-foam stability and surfactant adsorption at reservoir conditions are determined. In this work changes of pH from 1 to 12, salinity from 0 to 25 wt%, and surfactant concentration from 0 to 1 wt % were tested for foam stability in a bubble chamber and for adsorption in a static adsorption apparatus using pure kaolinite powder. The mechanisms by which pH and salinity influence CO2-foam behavior are also discussed in the paper. Stability of CO2-foam is surfactant concentration-dependent. The foam was stable under all tested pH and salinities at concentrations both below and above the critical micelle concentration (CMC) except at the lowest concentration tested (0.005 wt%). The adsorption of surfactant onto kaolinite increased with salinity for both NaCl and CaCl2 with the divalent salt system inducing a higher adsorption onto the kaolinite.
Suppression of complex domain wall behavior in Ni80Fe20 nanowires by oscillating magnetic fields (2010)

We have studied the field-induced propagation of domain walls (DW) in 750 nm wide magnetic nanowires by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr microscopy. Two different DW propagation modes are observed, separated by the so-called Walker breakdown (WB), with velocities ranging from 250 till 500 m/s. At WB, a velocity decrease occurs because of a complex evolution of the DW shape. Through simulations and experiments, we demonstrate a method to suppress this complex DW behavior at WB by superimposing an oscillating magnetic field Hosc, parallel to the switching field Heff, at frequencies ranging from 200 to 600 MHz.
Genetic Differentiation of Appendiceal Tumor Malignancy (2006)

These data demonstrate that malignant APCs and goblet cell adenocarcinoids have elevated expression of NAP1L1, MAGE-D2, and MTA1 compared with appendiceal carcinoids identified at surgery for appendicitis. This and the differences in NALP1 gene expression (decreased in goblet cell adenocarcinoids) provide a series of molecular signatures that differentiate carcinoids of the appendix. CgA identified all appendiceal tumors as well as covert lesions, which may be more prevalent than previously recognized. The molecular delineation of malignant appendiceal tumor potential provides a scientific basis to define the appropriate surgical management as opposed to morphologic assessment alone.
(Cd,Zn,Mg)Te-based microcavity on MgTe sacrificial buffer: Growth, lift-off, and transmission studies of polaritons (2018)

Opaque substrates precluded, so far, transmission studies of II-VI semiconductor microcavities. This work presents the design and molecular beam epitaxy growth of semimagnetic (Cd,Zn,Mn)Te quantum wells embedded into a (Cd,Zn,Mg)Te-based microcavity, which can be easily separated from the GaAs substrate. Our lift-off process relies on the use of a MgTe sacrificial layer which stratifies in contact with water. This allowed us to achieve a II-VI microcavity prepared for transmission measurements. We evidence the strong light-matter coupling regime using photoluminescence, reflectivity, and transmission measurements at the same spot on the sample. By comparing a series of reflectance spectra before and after lift-off, we prove that the microcavity quality remains high. Thanks to Mn content in quantum wells we show the giant Zeeman splitting of semimagnetic exciton-polaritons in our transmitting structure.
Canonical Wnt signalling induces satellite-cell proliferation during adult skeletal muscle regeneration (2008)

Satellite cells represent the stem cell population of adult skeletal muscle. The molecular mechanisms that control the proliferation of satellite cells are not well understood. In this study, we show that in response to injury, myofibres activate Wnt ligand transcription and activate a reporter cell line that is sensitive to the canonical Wnt-signalling pathway. Activated satellite cells on isolated cultured myofibres show robust expression of activated-beta-catenin (Act-beta-Cat), a key downstream transcriptional coactivator of canonical Wnt signalling. We provide evidence that the Wnt family of secreted glycoproteins act on satellite cells in a ligand-specific manner. Overexpression of Wnt1, Wnt3a or Wnt5a protein causes a dramatic increase in satellite-cell proliferation. By contrast, exposure of satellite cells to Wnt4 or Wnt6 diminishes this process. Moreover, we show that the prolonged satellite-cell quiescence induced by inhibitory Wnt is reversible and exposing inhibited satellite cells to stimulatory Wnt signalling restores their proliferation rate. Stimulatory Wnt proteins induce premature satellite cell BrdU incorporation as well as nuclear translocation of Act-beta-Cat. Finally, we provide evidence that the Act-beta-Cat translocation observed in single fibres during in vitro culture also occurs in cases of acute and chronic skeletal muscle regeneration in rodents and humans. We propose that Wnt proteins may be key factors that regulate the rate of satellite-cell proliferation on adult muscle fibres during the wound-healing response.
Critical Examination of the Dissipation Factor Tip-Up as a Measure of Partial Discharge Intensity (1978)

Bridge measurements of the dissipation factor tip-up at increasing voltage are generally assumed to give a correct measure of discharge intensity. It has been shown earlier that even when the tip-up is entirely caused by discharges it does not represent an unambiguous measure of discharge intensity, because Δtanδ depends on both the amplitude and the phase of the discharge pulses. The validity of theoretical expressions describing the dependence of Δtan δ and Δ C on pulse phase is confirmed by experimental results and by calculations of the effects of higher harmonics. The information from Schering bridge measurements can be improved by using simple functions, given in the paper, of measured values of the capacitance and dissipation factor. These functions permit separate estimations of discharge intensity and phase. Empirical examples of the variation of these functions with voltage are given. Finally, the high sensitivity of Δtanδ to harmonic distortion of the bridge voltage is discussed. This indicates that bridge measurements of partial discharge characteristics must be performed with a distortionless bridge voltage.
Priamos: a middleware architecture for real-time semantic annotation of context features (2007)

This paper proposes a middleware architecture for the automated, real-time, unsupervised annotation of lowlevel context features and their mapping to high-level semantics. The distinguishing characteristic of this architecture is that both low level components such as sensors, feature extraction algorithms and data sources, and high level components such as application-specific ontologies are pluggable to the middleware architecture thus facilitating application development and system configuration to different real-world scenarios. A prototype implementation based on Semantic Web tools is presented in depth, while the benefits and drawbacks of this approach are underlined. We argue that the use of Semantic Web provides powerful answers to context awareness challenges. Furthermore, it enables the composition of simple rules through human-centric interfaces, which may launch a context-aware system that will annotate content without the need for user technical expertise. A test case of system operation in a laboratory environment is presented. Emphasis is given, along with the theoretical justification, to practical issues that arise in real-world scenarios.
Synthesis of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles in a Water-in-Supercritical-Carbon Dioxide Microemulsion (2001)

Nanometer-sized silver and copper metal particles can be synthesized by chemical reduction of Ag+ and Cu2+ ions dissolved in the water core of a water in supercritical fluid carbon dioxide microemulsion. Sodium cyanoborohydride and N,N,N‘,N‘-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine are effective reducing agents for synthesizing these metal nanoparticles in the microemulsion. Formation of the metal nanoparticles was monitored spectroscopically using a high-pressure fiber-optic reactor equipped with a CCD array UV−vis spectrometer. Silver and copper nanoparticles synthesized in the microemulsion showed characteristic surface plasmon resonance absorption bands centered at 400 and 557 nm, respectively. Diffusion and distribution of the oxidized form of the reducing agent between the micellar core and supercritical CO2 appeared to be the rate-determining step for the formation of the silver nanoparticles in this system.
Identification of a novel rickettsial infection in a patient diagnosed with murine typhus (1994)

Identification of ELB agent-infected fleas and rodents within several foci of murine typhus in the United States has prompted a retrospective investigation for this agent among human murine typhus patients. This agent is a recently described rickettsia which is indistinguishable from Rickettsia typhi with currently available serologic reagents. Molecular analysis of the 17-kDa antigen gene and the citrate synthase gene has discriminated this bacterium from other typhus group and spotted fever group rickettsiae. Current sequencing of its 16S ribosomal DNA gene indicates a homology of 98.5% with R. typhi and 99.5% with R. rickettsii. Through a combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism and Southern hybridization analysis of rickettsia-specific PCR products, one of five tested patient blood samples was shown to be infected with ELB while R. typhi infections were confirmed in the remaining samples. This is the first reported observation of a human infection by the ELB agent and underscores the utility of PCR-facilitated diagnosis and discrimination of these closely related rickettsial infections.
Attention-Gated Reinforcement Learning of Internal Representations for Classification (2005)

Animal learning is associated with changes in the efficacy of connections between neurons. The rules that govern this plasticity can be tested in neural networks. Rules that train neural networks to map stimuli onto outputs are given by supervised learning and reinforcement learning theories. Supervised learning is efficient but biologically implausible. In contrast, reinforcement learning is biologically plausible but comparatively inefficient. It lacks a mechanism that can identify units at early processing levels that play a decisive role in the stimulus-response mapping. Here we show that this so-called credit assignment problem can be solved by a new role for attention in learning. There are two factors in our new learning scheme that determine synaptic plasticity: (1) a reinforcement signal that is homogeneous across the network and depends on the amount of reward obtained after a trial, and (2) an attentional feedback signal from the output layer that limits plasticity to those units at earlier processing levels that are crucial for the stimulus-response mapping. The new scheme is called attention-gated reinforcement learning (AGREL). We show that it is as efficient as supervised learning in classification tasks. AGREL is biologically realistic and integrates the role of feedback connections, attention effects, synaptic plasticity, and reinforcement learning signals into a coherent framework.
Development of 100‐in. TFT‐LCDs for HDTV and public‐information‐display applications (2007)

Abstract— LCDs have achieved a full‐high‐definition resolution of 1920 × 1080 (16:9), 600‐nit brightness, 3000:1 dynamic contrast ratio, 92% color gamut, 178° viewing angle, and 5‐msec response time at all gray levels and are targeted for HDTV and public‐information‐display applications. Some unique technologies, such as Cu bus line, advanced wide view polarizer, and wide‐color‐gamut lamp, were applied. A new stitching‐free technology was developed to overcome the size limitation of the photomask in both the TFT and color‐filter processes. The size of the panel (100 in.), based on the wide format (16:9), is determined by the maximum efficiency of the world's first seventh‐generation line (glass size, 1950 × 2250 mm) in LG.Philips LCD's (LPL) Paju display cluster. The issues facing 100‐in. TFT‐LCDs will be discussed.
Magnetic Chitosan Nanocomposites: A Useful Recyclable Tool for Heavy Metal Ion Removal (2008)

Magnetic chitosan nanocomposites have been synthesized on the basis of amine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles. These nanocomposites can be removed conveniently from water with the help of an external magnet because of their exceptional properties. The nanocomposites were applied to remove heavy metal ions from water because chitosan that is inactive on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles is coordinated with them. The interaction between chitosan and heavy metal ions is reversible, which means that those ions can be removed from chitosan in weak acidic deionized water with the assistance of ultrasound radiation. On the basis of the reasons referred to above, synthesized magnetic chitosan nanocomposites were used as a useful recyclable tool for heavy metal ion removal. This work provides a potential platform for developing a unique route for heavy metal ion removal from wastewater.
A new family of passive wireless RF harvesters based on R-C-Quartz oscillators (2013)

This work presents Resistor-Capacitor-Crystal (RC-Quartz) oscillators for use as passive amplification in RF energy harvesters. Quartz crystals can provide inductive reactance with extremely high quality factor (Q). This high Q inductive reactance coupled to a capacitor can provide the needed resonance for voltage amplification with minimal in-circuit losses. Detailed theoretical analyses of the condition precedents necessarily for voltage amplification of the R-C-Quartz foscillators are presented. RF harvesters based on this approach are realized and characterized for voltage sensitivity and efficiency. The circuits were realized on FR4 substrates with commercially available components. By using this approach, DC voltage sensitivity of 1.9 V and efficiency of 55% is measured for 1 μW (-30 dBm) RF input power at a frequency of ~13.56 MHz.
Rapid Discovery of Triazolobenzylidene-Thiazolopyrimidines (TBTP) as CDC25 Phosphatase Inhibitors by Parallel Click Chemistry and in Situ Screening (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTRapid Discovery of Triazolobenzylidene-Thiazolopyrimidines (TBTP) as CDC25 Phosphatase Inhibitors by Parallel Click Chemistry and in Situ ScreeningRomain Duval*†‡§, Stéphanie Kolb‡§, Emmanuelle Braud‡§, David Genest‡§, and Christiane Garbay‡§View Author Information Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles et Pharmacophores Redox, UMR152 IRD-UT3, 31062 Toulouse cedex 09, France, Université Paris Descartes, UFR Biomédicale, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris, cedex 06, France, and INSERM U648, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris, cedex 06, France* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: +33-5-62 25 68 89. Fax: +33-5-62 25 98 02.†Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III.‡Université Paris Descartes.§INSERM U648.Cite this: J. Comb. Chem. 2009, 11, 6, 947–950Publication Date (Web):October 16, 2009Publication History Received2 September 2009Published online16 October 2009Published inissue 9 November 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cc900140fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cc900140fbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1971Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical synthesis,Hydrocarbons,Inhibition,Inhibitors,Precursors Get e-Alerts
Csa2, a member of the Rbt5 protein family, is involved in the utilization of iron from human hemoglobin during<i>Candida albicans</i>hyphal growth (2014)

Csa2 is a member of both the Candida albicans Rbt5 protein family and the Common in Fungal Extracellular Membranes (CFEM) protein superfamily. CFEM proteins are characterized by an internal domain containing eight equally spaced cysteine residues. Csa2 is involved in iron uptake from hemoglobin and heme proteins; however, its precise role is unclear. Here, we provide quantitative evidence of the involvement of Csa2 in the utilization of iron from human hemoglobin during C. albicans hyphal growth. The ability of the hyphal form of the wild-type (wt), a homozygote csa2Δ mutant, and a complemented strain of C. albicans to utilize hemoglobin as an iron source under iron-restricted conditions was examined through growth studies and a crystal violet-staining assay. Hemoglobin-binding activity was assessed indirectly using a hemoglobin-sensitized tube method. Although hyphal growth of the wt and csa2Δ/Δ::CSA2 strains was completely recovered when a high concentration of human hemoglobin was added to the iron-restricted culture medium, the recovery of the csa2Δ/Δ mutant was significantly diminished. Furthermore, hemoglobin binding was impaired in the csa2Δ/Δ mutant compared with the wt and csa2Δ/Δ::CSA2 strains, revealing that Csa2 is involved in the utilization of hemoglobin as an iron source by the hyphal form of C. albicans.
Application of 5′-Nuclease PCR for Quantitative Detection of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> in Pure Cultures, Water, Skim Milk, and Unpasteurized Whole Milk (2000)

PCR techniques have significantly improved the detection and identification of bacterial pathogens. Countless adaptations and applications have been described, including quantitative PCR and the latest innovation, real-time PCR. In real-time PCR, e.g., the 5'-nuclease chemistry renders the automated and direct detection and quantification of PCR products possible (P. M. Holland et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:7276-7280, 1991). We present an assay for the quantitative detection of Listeria monocytogenes based on the 5'-nuclease PCR using a 113-bp amplicon from the listeriolysin O gene (hlyA) as the target. The assay was positive for all isolates of L. monocytogenes tested (65 isolates including the type strain) and negative for all other Listeria strains (16 isolates from five species tested) and several other bacteria (18 species tested). The application of 5'-nuclease PCR in diagnostics requires a quantitative sample preparation step. Several magnetic bead-based strategies were evaluated, since these systems are simple and relatively easy to automate. The combination of nonspecific binding of bacteria to paramagnetic beads, with subsequent DNA purification by use of the same beads, gave the most satisfactory result. The detection limit was approximately 6 to 60 CFU, quantification was linear over at least 7 log units, and the method could be completed within 3 h. In conclusion, a complete quantitative method for L. monocytogenes in water and in skimmed and raw milk was developed.
Partners in crime (2004)

A new model of collaborative working has been developed by Hartlepool Youth Offending and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. It is substantially improving service delivery for vulnerable clients, claim Brian Hall and Val Lake. And they’re coming in on budget, too
mi-transcription factor as a regulator of mast cell differentiation. (2000)

Masts cells are progeny of the hematopoietic stem cell. For the differentiation of mast cells, a transcription factor encoded by the mouse mi locus (MITF) plays an important role. The expression of many genes encoding proteins that are essential for the function of mast cells is regulated by MITF. Because various mutant mice are available at the mi locus and because cultured mast cells are easily obtained from the spleen of these mutant mice, this system may be a good model for studying the regulation of hematopoietic cell differentiation by a transcription factor.