gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multilayered ordered mesoporous platinum/titania composite films: does the photocatalytic activity benefit from the film thickness? (2011)

Multilayered films of TiO2 with ordered cubic mesoporosity were grown via layer-by-layer deposition on a conductive FTO (F-doped SnO2) substrate by dip-coating and subsequent calcination at 400 °C. Since platinum nanoparticles are known to enhance the photocatalytic activity, they were introduced into the TiO2 mesopores by pulsed electrodeposition. Additionally, sandwich-like layers with up to five alternating TiO2 and Pt layers were prepared. The photocatalytic gas-phase oxidation of acetaldehyde served as a test reaction to characterize the activity in the gas phase of both pristine TiO2 as well as Pt/TiO2 single- and multilayer films. The ordered mesoporous pristine TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited significantly higher photoactivity than commercial Pilkington Activ™ glass and dense TiO2 films. Moreover for pristine TiO2 films, those consisting of three layers (about 650 nm in thickness), were shown to be sufficient to achieve a maximum photonic efficiency of ζ = 0.45%. For the Pt/TiO2 system, however, a single-layer film with a total thickness of only about 220 nm exhibited an almost identical activity. Moreover, repetitive experiments demonstrated that the newly prepared photocatalyst films did not suffer from a decrease in the photocatalytic activity, evincing their potential for practical applications.
XR5944: A potent inhibitor of estrogen receptors (2007)

The anticancer drug XR5944 was originally developed as a topoisomerase inhibitor and was subsequently shown to be a transcription inhibitor. It has shown exceptional anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo and was significantly more potent than traditional topoisomerase inhibitors. The solution structure of the XR5944/DNA complex recently obtained in our laboratory indicates that XR5944 bis-intercalates at the 5'-(TpG):(CpA) site of duplex DNA, which is found in the consensus DNA-binding site of estrogen receptor (ER). Thus, we tested the ability of XR5944 to inhibit ER activity both in vitro and in cultured cells. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays, it is seen that the DNA binding of recombinant ERalpha protein, as well as ER from nuclear extracts, is inhibited by XR5944 in a dose-dependent manner. In luciferase reporter assays, XR5944 inhibited the reporter gene expression from an estrogen response element-containing promoter but not from a basal promoter sequence that lacks any cis-acting elements. In contrast, the RNA polymerase inhibitor actinomycin D inhibits the transcription from both the above-mentioned promoters. The specificity of XR5944 activity is displayed by a separate reporter assay in which the transactivation of reporter gene expression by Sp1 proteins was not inhibited by XR5944. Collectively, these data suggest that XR5944 is capable of specifically inhibiting the binding of ER to its consensus DNA sequence and its subsequent activity. This represents a novel mechanism of ER inhibition, which may allow the development of agents capable of overcoming resistance to current antiestrogens.
Metasurfaces for near-eye augmented reality (2019)

Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to revolutionize the way in which information is presented by overlaying virtual information onto a person's direct view of their real-time surroundings. By placing the display on the surface of the eye, a contact lens display (CLD) provides a versatile solution for compact AR. However, an unaided human eye cannot visualize patterns on the CLD simply because of the limited accommodation of the eye. Here, we introduce a holographic display technology that casts virtual information directly to the retina so that the eye sees it while maintaining the visualization of the real-world intact. The key to our design is to introduce metasurfaces to create a phase distribution that projects virtual information in a pixel-by-pixel manner. Unlike conventional holographic techniques, our metasurface-based technique is able to display arbitrary patterns using a single passive hologram. With a small form-factor, the designed metasurface empowers near-eye AR excluding the need of extra optical elements, such as a spatial light modulator, for dynamic image control.
Zero-reflectivity high spatial-frequency rectangular-groove dielectric surface-relief gratings (1986)

Using rigorous coupled-wave analysis, high spatial-frequency rectangular-groove surface-relief phase gratings are shown to be capable of exhibiting zero reflectivity. Thus these corrugated surfaces may act as antireflection coatings in a variety of applications. The diffraction characteristics of rectangular-groove surface-relief gratings are presented for several ratios of incident wavelength to grating period as a function of filling factor, groove depth, angle of incidence, and polarization. The conditions for zero reflectivity are identified. Results are compared with single-homogeneous-layer approximate theory results. In the limit of long wavelengths for an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric of refractive index n1 normally incident on a dielectric of index n2, it is determined that for antireflection behavior, the grating groove depth should be λ/4(n1n2)1/2 and the filling factor should be n1/(n1 + n2) or n2/(n1 + n2) for the electric field perpendicular or parallel to the grating vector, respectively. The spectral and angular responses of these gratings are like those of single-homogeneous-layer antireflection coatings. These gratings also exhibit birefringent retardation.
Trapping light in plasmonic waveguides (2010)

We present comprehensive case studies on trapping of light in plasmonic waveguides, including the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) and insulator-metal-insulator (IMI) waveguides. Due to the geometrical symmetry, the guided modes are classified into the anti-symmetric and symmetric modes. For the lossless case, where the relative electric permittivity of metal (epsilon(m)) and dielectric (epsilon(d)) are purely real, we define rho as rho = -epsilon(m)/epsilon(d). It is shown that trapping of light occurs in the following cases: the anti-symmetric mode in the MIM waveguide with 1 < rho < 1.28, the symmetric mode in the MIM waveguide with rho <<1, and the symmetric mode in the IMI waveguide with rho <1 . The physical interpretation reveals that these conditions are closely connected with the field distributions in the core and the cladding. Various mode properties such as the number of supported modes and the core width for the mode cut off are also presented.
Effect of Homogenization Pressure on the Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins (1997)

The effect of high pressure homogenization on the milk fat globule membrane proteins was investigated. Milk with 1.5 or 3.0% milk fat was heated in vats at low or high temperature (65C for 30 min or 85C for 20 min), homogenized, cooled, and centrifuged to separate the cream and serum phases. The amount of protein load per surface area increased as homogenization pressure increased but decreased with heat treatment. The composition of the proteins forming the milk fat globule membrane in homogenized milk was not affected by homogenization pressure or fat concentration, but significant differences in the composition of the milk fat globule membrane were caused by the heat treatment that was applied before homogenization. The milk fat globule membrane proteins in homogenized milk were composed of native membrane proteins, caseins, a-lactalbumin, and blactoglobulin. Caseins represented about 70% of the proteins in the milk fat globule membrane. In milk heated at 85C for 20 min, the ratios of adsorbed alactalbumin and b-lactoglobulin relative to adsorbed caseins were higher than in milk heated to 65C. ( Key words:
Elektrosynthese symmetrischer und unsymmetrischer Sulfone (1973)

Abstract Die in einer früheren Arbeit entwickelte Elektrosynthese von Sulfonen durch kathodische Reduktion von Schwefeldioxid in Gegenwart elektrophiler Substratmoleküle wird im Hinblick auf die Möglichkeit untersucht, durch Anwendung zweier verschiedener organischer Verbindungen unsymmetrische Sulfone, d. h. solche mit verschiedenen Resten R — SO 2 — R′, zu synthetisieren. Es wird gezeigt daß durch geeignete Reaktionsbedingungen (Temperatur, Art der substituierbaren Gruppe und besonders die Regelung der Konzentration bzw. Dosierung der beiden organischen Verbindungen) das unsymmetrische Sulfon bei befriedigenden Ausbeuten nahezu selektiv, d. h. nahezu ohne gleichzeitige Bildung der beiden symmetrischen Sulfone, erhalten werden kann.
APPLICATION OF TISSUE TRANSPLANT TECHNIQUE TO EXPERIMENTAL NERVE GRAFTING (1969)

Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
Redundant memory mappings for fast access to large memories (2015)

Page-based virtual memory improves programmer productivity, security, and memory utilization, but incurs performance overheads due to costly page table walks after TLB misses. This overhead can reach 50% for modern workloads that access increasingly vast memory with stagnating TLB sizes.
Combined Intranasal Ipratropium Bromide and Oxymetazoline in Experimental Rhinovirus Infection (1998)

The topical anticholinergic ipratropium bromide and topical decongestant oxymetazoline were tested to determine whether oxymetazoline alone and the combination were well tolerated and reduced rhinorrhea and middle ear pressure abnormalities during experimental rhinovirus infection. The study was double-bind, placebo-controlled, and double dummy in design. Healthy volunteers (n = 109) with low serum neutralizing antibody titer (< or = 1:2) were. Treatments inoculated with rhinovirus (type 39 or Hank's strain) and randomized to treatment with ipra-tropium bromide 0.06% two sprays per nostril (84 micrograms per treatment) and oxymetazoline 0.05% two sprays per nostril, oxymetazoline alone, or placebo. Treatments were self administered twice daily for 5 days beginning 1 day after rhinovirus inoculation. The overall infection rate was 83% and of those infected, 88% felt that they had a cold. During the 3-hour period after dosing, the increase in nasal discharge was significantly lower in the combined ipratropium and oxymetazoline (0.13 +/- 0.17 gm/3 hr, mean +/- SE) than after oxymetazoline alone (0.60 +/- 0.18 gm/3 hr) or vehicle (0.73 +/- 0.18 gm/3 hr). Over the 5-day observation period, total daily nasal discharge also tended to be lower in the ipratropium plus oxymetazoline group (3.67 +/- 0.70 gm/24 hr, mean +/- SE) compared to oxymetazoline (5.61 +/- 0.73: 35% reduction) or the vehicle (5.04 +/- 0.73; 27% reduction) recipients, but the differences were not statistically significant. Subjective assessments of rhinorrhea indicated that the severity of rhinorrhea was significantly better among patients receiving oxymetazoline alone or with ipratropium compared to the vehicle. No significant difference in the cumulative frequencies of middle ear pressure abnormalities (27-31%) were found among the treatment groups. Oxymetazoline does not consistently stimulate or decrease nasal mucus production, and ipratropium added to oxymetazoline is well tolerated and reduces rhinorrhea during experimental rhinovirus infection.
Robust RBF networks (2001)

Introduction Radial Basis Functions (RBF) have been used in several applications for functional modeling and pattern classification. They have been found to have very good functional approximation capabilities. It has been proven that any continuous function can be modeled up to a certain precision by a set of radial basis functions [1], [2], [3]. RBFs have their fundamentals drawn from probability function estimation theory. RBF network consists of a two layer feed-forward neural network. The hidden units implement functions which geometrically have a radial activation region similar to that of electric charges. Various types of functions have been considered for the hidden unit activation functions. Gaussian, thin-plate, multi-quadric, cubic radius or Cauchy basis function are among those proposed for modeling radial basis functions. Gaussian functions are considered in this study, because they are able to model the first and the second order statistics with their mean and covarianc
McBits: Fast Constant-Time Code-Based Cryptography (2013)

This paper presents extremely fast algorithms for code-based public-key cryptography, including full protection against timing attacks. For example, at a 2128 security level, this paper achieves a reciprocal decryption throughput of just 60493 cycles (plus cipher cost etc.) on a single Ivy Bridge core. These algorithms rely on an additive FFT for fast root computation, a transposed additive FFT for fast syndrome computation, and a sorting network to avoid cache-timing attacks.
Hyper-Vascular Change and Formation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts in the Peritoneum Caused by Methylglyoxal and the Effect of an Anti-Oxidant, Sodium Sulfite (2003)

MGO-induced hypervascularity and AGE formation in the peritoneum, as well as macroscopic alterations were suppressed by sodium sulfite. This may indicate that there is a risk of MGO causing a peritoneal injury and that the therapeutic potential of an anti-oxidant for this type of injury may exist.
Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of an isovaleryl pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinase gene from Pseudomonas sp. 101 (1994)

A unique carboxyl proteinase (EC 3.4.23.33), insensitive to the classical inhibitor isovaleryl pepstatin and isolated from Pseudomonas sp. 101 (PCP), is the first example of a prokaryotic enzyme of this class. The gene coding for PCP was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The gene consists of 1,761 base pairs encoding a protein of 587 amino acid residues. The NH2-terminal 215-amino acid preprosequence flanks the 372-amino acid mature protein, which is identical with the primary structure of an authentic PCP determined by chemical methods. E. coli carrying a plasmid containing the cloned wild-type PCP gene produced a 62-kDa protein. This molecule was processed and secreted into the periplasm as a 43-kDa protein, which converted to mature PCP under acidic conditions. This autocatalytic conversion was completely blocked by tyrostatin, a PCP-specific peptidic inhibitor from Kitasatosporia sp. 55. The purified recombinant PCP has the same characteristics as authentic PCP. When several preprosequence deletion mutants were expressed in E. coli, mutant proteins were accumulated as insoluble forms with no proteinase activities. These results suggest that the prepropeptide of PCP plays an essential role in the formation of functional PCP.
Control-Volume Discretization Methods for 3D Quadrilateral Grids in Inhomogeneous, Anisotropic Reservoirs (1998)

Summary The paper presents a class of control-volume discretization methods for general quadrilateral grids in three space dimensions. The methods allow full permeability tensor and arbitrary orientation of the grid. The paper discusses handling of inactive cells and flow barriers. Numerical examples are used to compare the new methods with conventional corner-point geometry methods.
Dependence of nitrogen- and phosphorus-regulation of β-lactam antibiotic production byStreptomyces clavuligerus on aeration level (1995)

Interference with beta-lactam production in Streptomyces clavuligerus by ammonium and phosphate ions, normally observed with optimum levels of aeration, was eliminated by restriction of the air supply. Under such a restriction, ammonium slightly stimulated and phosphate markedly stimulated beta-lactam antibiotic production. These are rare examples of 'regulation reversal' by an environmental modification.
A Novel Double-Self-Alicned TiSi2/TiN Contact with Selective Cvd W Plug for Submicron Device and Interconnect Applications (1991)

This paper describes a novel approach for submicron contact plug filling applications by using the unique property of titanium nitride (TiN) films to increase the process window margins and facilitate the manufacturability of the SCVDW process. In this work, we report that in the Ti-N system, there exist two phases of titanium nitride -TiN(I) and TiN(II). TiN(I) adheres very well with TiSi2 and can nucleate CVD tungsten film easily.
Molecular adjuvant interleukin-33 enhances the antifertility effect of Lagurus lagurus zona pellucida 3 DNA vaccine administered by the mucosal route (2013)

It has been shown that cytokines can act as molecular adjuvant to enhance the immune response induced by DNA vaccines, but it is unknown whether interleukin 33 (IL-33) can enhance the immunocontraceptive effect induced by DNA vaccines. In the present study, we explored the effects of murine IL-33 on infertility induced by Lagurus lagurus zona pellucida 3 (Lzp3) contraceptive DNA vaccine administered by the mucosal route. Plasmid pcD-Lzp3 and plasmid pcD-mIL-33 were encapsulated with chitosan to generate the nanoparticle chi-(pcD-Lzp3+pcD-mIL-33) as the DNA vaccine. Sixty female ICR mice, divided into 5 groups (n=12/group), were intranasally immunized on days 0, 14, 28, and 42. After intranasal immunization, the anti-LZP3-specific IgG in serum and IgA in vaginal secretions and feces were determined by ELISA. The results showed that chi-(pcD-Lzp3+pcD-mIL-33) co-immunization induced the highest levels of serum IgG, secreted mucosal IgA, and T cell proliferation. Importantly, mice co-immunized with chi-(pcD-Lzp3+pcD-mIL-33) had the lowest birth rate and mean litter size, which correlated with high levels of antibodies. Ovaries from infertile female mice co-immunized with chi-(pcD-Lzp3+pcD-mIL-33) showed abnormal development of ovarian follicles, indicated by atretic follicles and loss of oocytes. Our results demonstrated that intranasal delivery of the molecular adjuvant mIL-33 with chi-pcD-Lzp3 significantly increased infertility by enhancing both systemic and mucosal immune responses. Therefore, chi-(pcD-Lzp3+pcD-mIL-33) co-immunization could be a strategy for controlling the population of wild animal pests.
Loi concernant l'Industrie de la Construction (1970)

Chronique de législationLoi concernant l'Industrie de la Construction * Incidence sur les relations de travail dans le secteur de la construction Le bill 38, Loi concernant l'Industrie de la Construction, sanctionné le 8 août 1970, représente une innovation dans le domaine des relations du travail, surtout dans le secteur privé.Cette loi marque une intervention directe de l'Assemblée nationale et du cabinet dans un conflit que la législation considérait auparavant comme d'ordre privé.Elle en remet la solution à un organisme à caractère politique, c'est-à-dire le Cabinet provincial.Une analyse de la loi en dégagera les éléments essentiels et tentera d'en apprécier l'effet dans ce secteur des relations du travail.
Map-based navigation for a mobile robot with omnidirectional image sensor COPIS (1995)

We designed a new omnidirectional image sensor COPIS (Conic Projection Image Sensor) to guide the navigation of a mobile robot. The feature of COPIS is passive sensing of the omnidirectional image of the environment, in real-time (at the frame rate of a TV camera), using a conic mirror. COPIS is a suitable sensor for visual navigation in a real world environment. We report here a method for navigating a robot by detecting the azimuth of each object in the omnidirectional image. The azimuth is matched with the given environmental map. The robot can precisely estimate its own location and motion (the velocity of the robot) because COPIS observes a 360/spl deg/ view around the robot, even when all edges are not extracted correctly from the omnidirectional image. The robot can avoid colliding against unknown obstacles and estimate locations by detecting azimuth changes, while moving about in the environment. Under the assumption of the known motion of the robot, an environmental map of an indoor scene is generated by monitoring azimuth change in the image.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Broadband gradient impedance matching using an acoustic metamaterial for ultrasonic transducers (2017)

High-quality broadband ultrasound transducers yield superior imaging performance in biomedical ultrasonography. However, proper design to perfectly bridge the energy between the active piezoelectric material and the target medium over the operating spectrum is still lacking. Here, we demonstrate a new anisotropic cone-structured acoustic metamaterial matching layer that acts as an inhomogeneous material with gradient acoustic impedance along the ultrasound propagation direction. When sandwiched between the piezoelectric material unit and the target medium, the acoustic metamaterial matching layer provides a broadband window to support extraordinary transmission of ultrasound over a wide frequency range. We fabricated the matching layer by etching the peeled silica optical fibre bundles with hydrofluoric acid solution. The experimental measurement of an ultrasound transducer equipped with this acoustic metamaterial matching layer shows that the corresponding -6 dB bandwidth is able to reach over 100%. This new material fully enables new high-end piezoelectric materials in the construction of high-performance ultrasound transducers and probes, leading to considerably improved resolutions in biomedical ultrasonography and compact harmonic imaging systems.
Alignment of P Waves for Signal Averaging (1990)

Signal averaged atrial activity recorded from the body surface is finding increased use in assessing atrial arrhythmias. The process of signal averaging is critically dependent upon precise alignment of the waveform of interest. The alignment accuracy of wide (0.01-300 Hz) and narrow (10-300 Hz) bandpass filtered P waves recorded from the body surface were compared to atrial electrograms recorded from temporary pacing wires. The locations of the filtered P waves relative to the atrial electrogram were calculated beat-by-beat for 100 beats in 15 patients aged 1 month to 71 years. The standard deviation of the alignment error for the wide filtered surface P wave averaged 1.7 +/- 0.8 msec and for the narrow filtered P waves was 0.8 +/- 0.4 ms. These results demonstrate that high pass filtering will improve alignment accuracy, and therefore, improve frequency resolution for the analysis of signal averaged P waves.
COMPARING THE CLINICAL EFFECT OF FIVE VARYING LOCATIONS OF LI.4 ACUPOINT (2008)

LI.4 is a major acupoint but the method of locating it has not been standardized. In fact, description of method for locating this acupoint often varies in the classic and traditional texts. It might signify this point may be varied from one to another person. Our comparative study of locating and subsequent acupuncturing these locations revealed some interesting features of LI.4 from our collected clinical data in that location 1 had a better therapeutic effect for toothache relief and analgesia-anesthesia effect than for headache relief, location 2 was better for headache than toothache relief; locations 3 and 4 had a mixed effect whereas, location 5 seems to have a better chance to get bioenergy (De Qi) as manifested by tingling and numbing sensation at the acupunctured site. Our study also suggested that LI.4 location was about the size of 4 millimeters in diameter instead of a pin-point location, though needle inserted at correct point produced a better result.