gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for hexahedral mesh shape optimization (2003)

Abstract Methods for improving the quality of all‐hexahedral unstructured meshes by node‐movement strategies have, until recently, been lacking. Laplacian smoothing, while easily implemented and well‐known, fails to guarantee improvement of mesh quality and may result in inverted elements where none existed before. A method for improving unstructured hexahedral mesh shape‐quality that guarantees untangled elements is proposed. The method is based on optimization of an objective function built from the quality of individual hexahedral elements. The shape‐quality measure for hexahedral elements is based on the condition number of a set of Jacobian metrics associated with the element. The theory of the condition number quality metric and of the objective function are reviewed. A numerical optimization procedure to find the improved‐quality mesh is described. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the robustness of the method. We do so by giving a realistic example. The method has also been successfully applied to dozens of meshes on complex geometries. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methods for root cause diagnosis of plant‐wide oscillations (2014)

Plant‐wide oscillations are common in many industrial processes. They may impact the overall process performance and reduce profitability. It is important to detect and diagnose such oscillations. This paper reviews advances in diagnosis of plant‐wide oscillations. The main focus of this study is on identifying possible root causes of oscillations using two techniques, one based on data analysis in the temporal and spectral domains and the other based on process connectivity analysis. The process data‐based analysis provides an effective way to capture the difference between the root cause variable and the secondary propagated oscillating variables. It is shown that process topology‐based methods are capable of finding oscillation propagation pathways and, thus, help in determining the root cause. This paper discusses and compares five such methods—spectral envelope, adjacency matrix, Granger causality, transfer entropy, and Bayesian network inference methods— by application to an industrial benchmark dataset. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 60: 2019–2034, 2014
A mobile planetary lander utilizing elastic loop suspension (1976)

Efforts to increase the cost effectiveness of future lunar and planetary rover missions have led to the mobile lander concept, which replaces the landing legs of a soft-lander craft with a compact mobility system of sufficient strength to withstand the landing impact. The results of a mobile lander conceptual design effort based on existing NASA-Viking '75 hardware are presented. The elastic loop concept, developed as a post-Apollo rover technology, is found to meet stringent stowage, traction, power and weight requirements.
Using PQ Monitoring and Substation Relays for Fault Location on Distribution Systems (2007)

Fault location is of considerable interest for utilities to improve their reliability and speed storm restorations. Power quality recorders, relays, and other monitors can provide information to help locate faults. In this paper, some basic impedance-based fault-location methods are evaluated on utility measurement data with known fault locations. The main finding is that reasonably accurate fault locations are possible on a wide range of distribution circuits with either feeder-level or bus-level substation monitoring. Another important finding described is how monitoring can be used to estimate the parameters of the fault arc. This can improve fault locations and help with accident investigations, equipment failure forensics, and other hazards related to the power and energy created by the arc
Texture classification by multi-predicate local binary pattern operators (2002)

This paper benchmarks the simple local binary pattern (LBP) approach in the supervised texture segmentation problems of the recent comparative study of Randen and Husoy (1999). A multi-predicate version of LBP is proposed, making our approach even more powerful for images containing textures at multiple scales.
Uniform Motion Blur in Poissonian Noise: Blur/Noise Tradeoff (2010)

In this paper we consider the restoration of images corrupted by both uniform motion blur and Poissonian noise. We formulate an image formation model that explicitly takes into account the length of the blur point-spread function and the noise level as functions of the exposure time. Further, we present an analysis of the achievable restoration performance by showing how the root mean squared error varies with respect to the exposure time. It turns out that the worst situations are represented by either too short or too long exposure times. In between there exists an optimal exposure time that maximizes the restoration performance, balancing the amount of blur and noise in the observation. We justify such result through a mathematical analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio in Fourier domain; this study is then validated by deblurring synthetic data as well as camera raw data.
A psychophysical study of fixation behavior in a computer game (2008)

Prediction of gaze behavior in gaming environments can be a tremendously useful asset to game designers, enabling them to improve gameplay, selectively increase visual fidelity, and optimize the distribution of computing resources. The use of saliency maps is currently being advocated as the method of choice for predicting visual attention, crucially under the assumption that no specific task is present. This is achieved by analyzing images for low-level features such as motion, contrast, luminance, etc. However, the majority of computer games are designed to be easily understood and pose a task readily apparent to most players. Our psychophysical experiment shows that in a task-oriented context such as gaming, the predictive power of saliency maps at design time can be weak. Thus, we argue that a more involved protocol utilizing eye tracking, as part of the computer game design cycle, can be sufficiently robust to succeed in predicting fixation behavior of players.
Toward a Low-Cost Alkaline Zinc-Iron Flow Battery with a Polybenzimidazole Custom Membrane for Stationary Energy Storage (2018)

Alkaline zinc-iron flow battery is a promising technology for electrochemical energy storage. In this study, we present a high-performance alkaline zinc-iron flow battery in combination with a self-made, low-cost membrane with high mechanical stability and a 3D porous carbon felt electrode. The membrane could provide high hydroxyl ion conductivity while resisting zinc dendrites well owing to its high mechanical stability. The 3D porous carbon felt could serve as a guidance for the zinc stripping/plating, which can effectively suppress zinc dendrite/accumulation as well. Thus this battery demonstrates a coulombic efficiency of 99.5% and an energy efficiency of 82.8% at 160 mA cm<sup>?2</sup>, which is the highest value among recently reported flow battery systems. The battery can stably run for more than 500 cycles, showing very good stability. Most importantly, the practicability of this battery is confirmed by assembling a kilowatt cell stack with capital cost under $90/kWh.
Multi-layer perceptrons with discrete weights (1990)

The feasibility of restricting the weight values in multilayer perceptrons to powers of two or sums of powers of two is studied. Multipliers could be thus replaced by shifters and adders on digital hardware, saving both time and chip area, under the assumption that the neuron activation function is computed through a lookup table (LUT) and that a LUT can be shared among many neurons. A learning procedure based on back-propagation for obtaining a neural network with such discrete weights is presented. This learning procedure requires full real arithmetic and therefore must be performed offline. It starts from a multilayer perceptron with continuous weights learned using back-propagation. Then a weight normalization is made to ensure that the whole shifting dynamics is used and to maximize the match between continuous and discrete weights of neurons sharing the same LUT. Finally, a discrete version of BP algorithm with automatic learning rate control is applied up to convergence. Some test runs on a simple pattern recognition problem show the feasibility of the approach
Impaired Myocardium Regeneration With Skeletal Cell Sheets—A Preclinical Trial for Tissue-Engineered Regeneration Therapy (2010)

SC sheet implantation improved cardiac function by attenuating the cardiac remodeling in the porcine ischemic myocardium, suggesting a promising strategy for myocardial regeneration therapy in the impaired myocardium.
Frequent activation of the ?-catenin-Tcf signaling pathway in nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas with microsatellite instability (2000)

It has been reported that wild-type APC protein forms a complex with beta-Catenin and GSK3beta, inducing degradation of beta-Catenin in normal cells. Both beta-Catenin and APC gene mutations have recently been shown to activate the same signaling pathway. Frequent mutations of beta-Catenin in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinomas have also been reported. It was, however, controversial whether the mutation of the beta-Catenin gene was frequent in nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas with high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H). We analyzed the mutations of the APC and beta-Catenin genes in 56 nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas stratified according to the presence or absence of microsatellite instability (MSI). APC mutations were identified in 11 of 22 (50%) cases of MSI-H and 14 of 34 (41%) cases of microsatellite-stable (MSS)/low-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-L). In contrast, the frequency of beta-Catenin mutations was significantly higher in MSI-H (6/22; 27%) than in MSS/MSI-L (1/34; 3%) (P = 0.01). beta-Catenin mutations were not detected in carcinomas with APC mutation. APC mutation occurred irrespective of MSI status. beta-Catenin mutation, however, occurred frequently in MSI-H carcinomas. Our data suggest that activation of the beta-Catenin-Tcf signaling pathway, through either beta-Catenin or APC mutation, frequently contributes to MSI-H nonfamilial colorectal carcinomas (17/22; 77%).
NOTES ON MULTIVARIATE PRE-WAVELET DECOMPOSITION (1998)

We introduce the Wiener space and then consider wavelets which are not necessarily compactly supported but have a decay condition at innity. Under the Wiener condition, a wavelet and its bi-orthogonal wavelet have the same rate of decay at innity and the same moment. Under a certain sucient condition, we prove the existence of a pre-wavelet basis in the multi-dimensional case. Furthermore, pre-wavelets and their bi-orthogonal pre-wavelets have the same rate of decay at innity and the same number of vanishing moments.
Developmental remodeling and shortening of the cardiac outflow tract involves myocyte programmed cell death (1998)

The embryonic outflow tract is a simple tubular structure that connects the single primitive ventricle with the aortic sac and aortic arch arteries. This structure undergoes a complex sequence of morphogenetic processes to become the portion of the heart that aligns the right and left ventricles with the pulmonary artery and aorta. Abnormalities of the outflow tract are involved in many clinically significant congenital cardiac defects; however, the cellular and molecular processes governing the development of this important structure are incompletely understood. Histologic and tissue-tagging studies indicate that the outflow tract tissues compact and are incorporated predominantly into a region of the right ventricle. The hypothesis tested in the current study was that cell death or apoptosis in the muscular portion of the outflow tract is an important cellular mechanism for outflow tract shortening. The tubular outflow tract myocardium was specifically marked by infecting myocytes of the chicken embryo heart with a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus expressing beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter. Histochemical detection of the beta -gal-labeled outflow tract myocytes revealed that the tubular structure shortened to become a compact ring at the level of the pulmonic infundibulum over several days of development (stages 25-32, embryonic days 4-8). The appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was correlated with OFT shortening by two histologic assays, TUNEL labeling of DNA fragments and AnnexinV binding. The rise and fall in the number of apoptotic myocytes detected by histologic analyses paralleled the change in activity levels of Caspase-3, a protease in the apoptotic cascade, measured in outflow tract homogenates. These results suggest that the elimination of myocytes by programmed cell death is one mechanism by which the outflow tract myocardium remodels to form the proper connection between the ventricular chambers and the appropriate arterial trunks.
Quantum Adiabatic Evolution Algorithms with Different Paths (2002)

In quantum adiabatic evolution algorithms, the quantum computer follows the ground state of a slowly varying Hamiltonian. The ground state of the initial Hamiltonian is easy to construct; the ground state of the final Hamiltonian encodes the solution of the computational problem. These algorithms have generally been studied in the case where the "straight line" path from initial to final Hamiltonian is taken. But there is no reason not to try paths involving terms that are not linear combinations of the initial and final Hamiltonians. We give several proposals for randomly generating new paths. Using one of these proposals, we convert an algorithmic failure into a success.
General Base Catalysis of Hydrolysis of Alkylaminoethyl Esters of Carboxylic Acids (1967)

General base-catalyzed hydrolysis for several choline salt esters of carboxylic acids as well as succinylcholine chloride was investigated. Acetylcholine chloride, a part of succinylcholine chloride molecule, also was subject to general base-catalyzed hydrolysis. The ratio, kAC- to kOH-, of acetylcholine chloride was almost equal in magnitude to that of succinylcholine chloride. Degree of the influence of catalytic effect of general bases on the overall rate constant of ester hydrolysis was discussed. Imidazole was a less effective catalyst than phosphate dianion for the hydrolysis of the choline salt esters of carboxylic acids. The general base-catalyzed hydrolysis for these esters appears to represent classical general base catalysis rather than nucleophilic catalysis, as shown in the catalytic hydrolysis for the esters activated in acyl portion, enthyl haloacetates.5) An attempt was made to compare the effect of acetate ions on the hydrolytic rate constants of the Choline salt esters with that of the corresponding tertiary aminoesters. The catalytic contribution of acetate ions for the latter esters became less pronounced. The logarithms of rate constants of alkaline hydrolysis and acetate ion catalysis were not linearly related.
Automatic Tuning of Spatially Varying Transfer Functions for Blood Vessel Visualization (2012)

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is commonly used in clinical routine for diagnosing vascular diseases. The procedure involves the injection of a contrast agent into the blood stream to increase the contrast between the blood vessels and the surrounding tissue in the image data. CTA is often visualized with Direct Volume Rendering (DVR) where the enhanced image contrast is important for the construction of Transfer Functions (TFs). For increased efficiency, clinical routine heavily relies on preset TFs to simplify the creation of such visualizations for a physician. In practice, however, TF presets often do not yield optimal images due to variations in mixture concentration of contrast agent in the blood stream. In this paper we propose an automatic, optimization-based method that shifts TF presets to account for general deviations and local variations of the intensity of contrast enhanced blood vessels. Some of the advantages of this method are the following. It computationally automates large parts of a process that is currently performed manually. It performs the TF shift locally and can thus optimize larger portions of the image than is possible with manual interaction. The method is based on a well known vesselness descriptor in the definition of the optimization criterion. The performance of the method is illustrated by clinically relevant CT angiography datasets displaying both improved structural overviews of vessel trees and improved adaption to local variations of contrast concentration.
Modeling and Applications of Acoustic and Electromagnetic Wave Interaction (2007)

Acousto-electromagnetic wave interaction occurs when an electromagnetic wave scatters from an object under seismic or acoustic illumination. The vibration of the object under acoustic excitation gives rise to a frequency modulated scattered field which depends on the object and both the electromagnetic and acoustic source parameters. Previous work in this area has been limited to analytical solutions for homogeneous, circular cylinders and limited experimental work for specific applications. The objective of this research is to accurately predict the first Doppler component of the frequency modulated scattered field for arbitrary two-dimensional objects. A unique formulation of the problem, which is built on the analytical solution, is implemented in the finite-difference time-domain method. The result is a tool which is capable of predicting the Doppler component scattered from general two-dimensional objects. This more general model provides information on system feasibility and is a major step towards implementing the acousto-electromagnetic method in real-world systems. Using the generalized model, the acousto-EM approach is also investigated for non-destructive evaluation applications. The Doppler component is inherently affected by the presence of interior flaws, which perturb the acoustic mode frequency and shape. Unique bistatic signatures for the Doppler component, which exhibit sensitivity to interior abnormalities, are presented. Depending on the flaw orientation, the target, and the mode of interest, the Doppler component can be orders of magnitude more sensitive than the unshifted electromagnetic fields scattered from the stationary target. A relative sensitivity parameter is introduced to quantify the improved sensitivity of the Doppler component relative to the unshifted fields; parameter values routinely indicate factors of ten improvement in sensitivity at certain bistatic angles. In addition, time-reversal focusing is used to locate regions of enhanced scattering, such as those surrounding a flaw, within the target. The results demonstrate that the Doppler component would be useful for detecting the presence of such abnormalities in a non-destructive evaluation system.
Conceptions des Bwaka sur les astres (Ubangi) (1932)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Quantitative ultrasound tissue characterization in shoulder and thigh muscles – a new approach (2006)

The higher intensity and the higher number of blobs in the vastus lateralis muscle indicates that the thigh muscle contained more non-contractile components than the supraspinatus muscle, and that the muscle was coarser. The image analyses supplemented each other and gave a more complete description of the tissue composition in the muscle than the mean grey-scale value alone.
Accelerating Bulk Bit-Wise X(N)OR Operation in Processing-in-DRAM Platform (2019)

With Von-Neumann computing architectures struggling to address computationally- and memory-intensive big data analytic task today, Processing-in-Memory (PIM) platforms are gaining growing interests. In this way, processing-in-DRAM architecture has achieved remarkable success by dramatically reducing data transfer energy and latency. However, the performance of such system unavoidably diminishes when dealing with more complex applications seeking bulk bit-wise X(N)OR- or addition operations, despite utilizing maximum internal DRAM bandwidth and in-memory parallelism. In this paper, we develop DRIM platform that harnesses DRAM as computational memory and transforms it into a fundamental processing unit. DRIM uses the analog operation of DRAM sub-arrays and elevates it to implement bit-wise X(N)OR operation between operands stored in the same bit-line, based on a new dual-row activation mechanism with a modest change to peripheral circuits such sense amplifiers. The simulation results show that DRIM achieves on average 71x and 8.4x higher throughput for performing bulk bit-wise X(N)OR-based operations compared with CPU and GPU, respectively. Besides, DRIM outperforms recent processing-in-DRAM platforms with up to 3.7x better performance.
Long-distance remote laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using filamentation in air (2004)

We demonstrate remote elemental analysis at distances up to 90m, using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy scheme based on filamentation induced by the nonlinear propagation of unfocused ultrashort laser pulses. A detailed signal analysis suggests that this technique, remote filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy, can be extended up to the kilometer range.
Nonisolated ZVT Two-Inductor Boost Converter With a Single Resonant Inductor for High Step-Up Applications (2011)

The interleaved operation of a two-inductor boost converter system is a very attractive solution for converting the low input voltage (30-50 V) of distributed power sources, such as photovoltaic and fuel cells, to the high output voltage (380-760 V) required in grid-connected power-conversion applications. However, a soft-switching method is required in the two main switches to increase the overall power conversion efficiency. This paper proposes a zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) two-inductor boost converter using a single resonant inductor to meet these needs. To satisfy the requirement of soft switching in the two main switches, a resonant cell is constructed at the output side with a bidirectional switch, two auxiliary diodes, and a single resonant inductor. This converter has the advantages of simple circuitry, reduced size, and low cost due to a single resonant inductor. The validity of the proposed ZVT two-inductor boost converter is verified through experimental results.