gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals as Dietary Intervention in Chronic Diseases; Novel Perspectives for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (2017)

Functional foods describe the importance of foods in promoting health and preventing diseases aside their primary role of providing the body with the required amount of essential nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fats, and oils needed for its healthy survival. This review explains the interaction of functional food bioactive compounds including polyphenols (phenolic acids [hydroxybenzoic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids], flavonoids [flavonols, flavones, flavanols, flavanones, isoflavones, proanthocyanidins], stilbenes, and lignans), terpenoids, carotenoids, alkaloids, omega-3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids, among others with critical enzymes (α- amylase, α- glucosidase, angiotensin-I converting enzyme [ACE], acetylcholinesterase [AChE], and arginase) linked to some degenerative diseases (type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases [hypertension], neurodegenerative diseases [Alzheimer's disease] and erectile dysfunction). Different functional food bioactive compounds may synergistically/additively confer an overwhelming protection against these degenerative diseases by modulating/altering the activities of these critical enzymes of physiological importance.
217. The synthesis and resolution of (±)-corlumine (1953)

W. M. Whaley and M. Meadow, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 1067 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530001067
Applying Semantic Technology to a Digital Library (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Digital Libraries: The State-of-the-art A Case Study: The BT Digital Library The Users' View Implementing Semantic Technology in a Digital Library Future Directions References
A Simple, Rapid, and Sensitive Method for the Detection of the<i>JAK2</i>V617F Mutation (2007)

The point mutation 1849 (GT) V617F in the JAK2 gene occurs at high frequency in several chronic myeloproliferative diseases. Although a number of V617F mutation detection methods have been described, few are readily implemented in a diagnostic setting. We developed a simple and sensitive allelespecific competitive blocker polymerase chain reaction (ACB-PCR) assay to detect the V617F mutation. DNA was extracted from peripheral whole blood samples of 26 patients with chronic myeloproliferative disease. The ACB-PCR limit of detection was 1%. All positive samples detected by sequencing were detected by ACB-PCR. In 3 patients with essential thrombocythemia, the V617F mutation was readily detected by ACB-PCR but was near the detection limit of sequencing, confirming that ACB-PCR is more effective at detecting V617F when the mutant cell population is low. Detection of the monomorphic JAK2 V617F mutation using the ACB-PCR assay is easy to perform, rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective, which are key features of an ideal diagnostic method.
Effect of the structure of ethylene-propylene-diene-graft-polystyrene graft copolymers on morphology and mechanical properties of SAN/EPDM blends (2007)

Ethylene-propylene-diene-graft-polystyrene (EPDM-g-PS) copolymers were synthesized to obtain different structures of graft copolymers with different graft lengths and graft densities. The structure of synthesized EPDM-g-PS copolymers was characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These presynthesized graft copolymers were added (5 phr) to styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and ethylene-propylenediene (EPDM) blends, prepared to maintain the following SAN/EPDM ratios a) 95/5 and b) 90/10. SAN/EPDM blends were characterized by the determination of mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break) while their morphology was inspected by scanning electronic microscopy, SEM. The obtained results show that various structures of EPDM-g-PS copolymers influence the miscibility in SAN/EPDM blends. Optimal concentration of side branches of graft copolymers provide the finest morphology and enhance mechanical properties.
Charge-Fluctuation-Induced Dephasing of Exchange-Coupled Spin Qubits (2006)

Exchange-coupled spin qubits in semiconductor nanostructures are shown to be vulnerable to dephasing caused by charge noise invariably present in the semiconductor environment. This decoherence of exchange gate by environmental charge fluctuations arises from the fundamental Coulombic nature of the Heisenberg coupling and presents a serious challenge to the scalability of the widely studied exchange gate solid state spin quantum computer architectures. We estimate dephasing times for coupled spin qubits in a wide range (from 1 ns up to >1 micros) depending on the exchange coupling strength and its sensitivity to charge fluctuations.
D-Amino acid oxidase activity form Rhodosporiduim toruloides (1996)

The D-amino acid oxidase activity of Rhodosporidium toruloides CCRC 20306 was studied. The enzyme could be induced by D-alanine, and had pH and temperature optima of 8.5 and 60d̀C, respectively. D-Amino acids with polar uncharged and/or nonpolar side chain were good substrates for the D-amino acid oxidase of CCRC 20306, whereas those with polar charged side chain were poor substrates. Benzoic acid and its derivatives were inhibitory to the enzyme activity.
A novel scheme for XGM wavelength conversion based on single-port-coupled SOA (2001)

A novel scheme is proposed for wavelength conversion based on cross-gain modulation (XGM) in a single-port-coupled semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), in which the input and output share one port. Experimental results and theoretical analysis show that this scheme can be achieved with simple implementation, high output extinction ratio and large input dynamic range. Based on this novel scheme, 2.5 Gbit/s wavelength up conversion with a 12.8 nm span has been demonstrated with the output extinction ratio as high as 15 dB.
Gaucher's disease associated with monoclonal gammapathy of undetermined significance: a case report. (1993)

We report a case of adult-type Gaucher's disease associated with monoclonal gammapathy of undetermined significance. Bone marrow infiltration by Gaucher's cells and spleen infiltration by Gaucher cells and plasma cells was observed on cytohistologic examination. Splenectomy induced complete recovery of cytopenias and a marked reduction of the monoclonal protein.
Artists’ Books as Catalyst (2005)

Essay| August 01 2005 Artists’ Books as Catalyst Tony White Tony White Tony White is an Art & Architecture Librarian and Assistant Professor at Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, New York, where he teaches a course on Art Librarianship and on Artists’ Books. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Afterimage (2005) 33 (1): 12. https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.2005.33.1.12 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Tony White; Artists’ Books as Catalyst. Afterimage 1 August 2005; 33 (1): 12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.2005.33.1.12 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAfterimage Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2005 by The Regents of the University of California2005 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Diagnostic and prognostic role of serum glypican 3 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (2011)

Abstract α‐Feto protein (AFP) is the widely used tumor marker in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic validity of a novel marker, serum Glypican‐3 (GPC3) and to compare AFP in patients with HCC. One hundred and twenty‐eight patients (75 patients with HCC, 55 patients with cirrhosis, and 28 healthy controls) were included in this study. Cut‐off value of GPC3 was 3.9 pg/ml. AFP was divided into four subgroups, according to cut‐off values with 13, 20, 100, and 200 ng/ml. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of GPC3 and AFP 13, AFP 20 , AFP 100 , AFP 200 subgroups and also GPC3+AFP 13, GPC3+AFP 20 , GPC3+AFP 100 , GPC3+AFP 200 combinations were compared. Serum GPC3 levels were significantly higher in patients with HCC and cirrhosis compared with control subjects ( P <0.05). The median serum GPC3 levels were 3.9 pg/ml in controls, 5.51 pg/ml in patients with cirrhosis, and 5.13 pg/ml in those with HCC. The median serum AFP levels were 1.37 ng/ml in controls, 2.32 ng/ml in cirrhotics, and 50.65 ng/ml in HCC patients. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of GPC3 was 61.33, 41.82, 58.97, and 44.43%, respectively. The values for AFP were 68.57, 94.55, 94.12, and 70.27%, respectively. There was no correlation between GPC3 levels and prognostic parameters. GPC3 is not a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker for HCC. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 25:350–353, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Virulence Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of the Infection Caused by the Swine Pathogen and Zoonotic Agent <i>Streptococcus Suis</i> (2012)

Streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen responsible for important economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. It is also an emerging zoonotic agent of meningitis and streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome. Since the recent recognition of the high prevalence of S. suis human disease in southeast and east Asia, the interest of the scientific community in this pathogen has significantly increased. In the last few years, as a direct consequence of these intensified research efforts, large amounts of data on putative virulence factors have appeared in the literature. Although the presence of some proposed virulence factors does not necessarily define a S. suis strain as being virulent, several cell-associated or secreted factors are clearly important for the pathogenesis of the S. suis infection. In order to cause disease, S. suis must colonize the host, breach epithelial barriers, reach and survive in the bloodstream, invade different organs, and cause exaggerated inflammation. In this review, we discuss the potential contribution of different described S. suis virulence factors at each step of the pathogenesis of the infection. Finally, we briefly discuss other described virulence factors, virulence factor candidates and virulence markers for which a precise role at specific steps of the pathogenesis of the S. suis infection has not yet been clearly established.
Reduction of drug action by drug combination (1970)

Combination of drugs may imply combination of two compounds in one formulation, application of two drugs in separate formulations at the same time, and application of two drugs with a certain time interval. No doubt such combinations may bring about complications because of the various possibilities of interaction between the drugs combined. A consequence of the interaction may be an enhancement or a reduction in the action. Drug interactions are manifold and their therapeutic consequences form a topic of high actuality [21a, 21b, 54, 56, 69, 70, 71, 80, 80a, 83a, 101, 102, 127a, 127b].
<i>cis</i>-1,4-<i>alt</i>-3,4 Polyisoprene: Synthesis and Characterization (2009)

We recently reported on the synthesis and characterization of CoCl2(PRPh2)2 (R = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, and cyclohexyl). The catalyst systems obtained by combining the above complexes with methylaluminoxanes (MAO) were highly active in the polymerization of 1,3-dienes, giving 1,2 syndiotactic polymers from butadiene and terminally substituted butadienes (e.g., E-1,3-pentadiene and E-1,3-hexadiene) and 1,2 isotactic polymers from internally substituted 1,3-dienes such as E-3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene. We have now polymerized isoprene with the same cobalt catalysts, and unexpectedly the polymers obtained resulted to have an equibinary, alternating cis-1,4/3,4 structure, as indicated by the two-dimensional NMR data. A structure of this type is rather unusual in the field of diolefins stereospecific polymerization, and only few cases have been reported in the literature. An interpretation for the formation of such a polymer is proposed. The structure of cis-1,4-alt-3,4 polyisoprene, with alternating sequences of in-chain and side-chain double bonds, makes it of potential interest in view of a possible selective functionalization of the double bonds.
4‐THIOURIDINE AS A PHOTODYNAMIC AGENT (1985)

Abstract— The 4‐thiouridine photosensitized oxidation of tryptophan and histidine has been followed by measuring the oxygen consumption. The yield of photooxidation has been compared using 4‐thiouridine and hematoporphyrin as photosensitizers.
Topic Identification for Speech without ASR (2017)

Modern topic identification (topic ID) systems for speech use automatic speech recognition (ASR) to produce speech transcripts, and perform supervised classification on such ASR outputs. However, under resource-limited conditions, the manually transcribed speech required to develop standard ASR systems can be severely limited or unavailable. In this paper, we investigate alternative unsupervised solutions to obtaining tokenizations of speech in terms of a vocabulary of automatically discovered word-like or phoneme-like units, without depending on the supervised training of ASR systems. Moreover, using automatic phoneme-like tokenizations, we demonstrate that a convolutional neural network based framework for learning spoken document representations provides competitive performance compared to a standard bag-of-words representation, as evidenced by comprehensive topic ID evaluations on both single-label and multi-label classification tasks.
Reduced Protection from Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV <sub>mac251</sub> Infection Afforded by Memory CD8 <sup>+</sup> T Cells Induced by Vaccination during CD4 <sup>+</sup> T-Cell Deficiency (2008)

Adaptive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses have been associated with control of human immunodeficiency virus/simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) replication. Here, we have designed a study with Indian rhesus macaques to more directly assess the role of CD8 SIV-specific responses in control of viral replication. Macaques were immunized with a DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-SIV boost regimen under normal conditions or under conditions of antibody-induced CD4(+) T-cell deficiency. Depletion of CD4(+) cells was performed in the immunized macaques at the peak of SIV-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses following the DNA prime dose. A group of naïve macaques was also treated with the anti-CD4 depleting antibody as a control, and an additional group of macaques immunized under normal conditions was depleted of CD8(+) T cells prior to challenge exposure to SIV(mac251). Analysis of the quality and quantity of vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells demonstrated that SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells generated under conditions of CD4(+) T-cell deficiency expressed low levels of Bcl-2 and interleukin-2 (IL-2), and plasma virus levels increased over time. Depletion of CD8(+) T cells prior to challenge exposure abrogated vaccine-induced protection as previously shown. These data support the notion that adaptive CD4(+) T cells are critical for the generation of effective CD8(+) T-cell responses to SIV that, in turn, contribute to protection from AIDS. Importantly, they also suggest that long-term protection from disease will be afforded only by T-cell vaccines for HIV that provide a balanced induction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses and protect against early depletion of CD4(+) T cells postinfection.
Syntheses with stable isotopes: Methanol‐<sup>13</sup>C, methanol‐<sup>13</sup>C‐D<sub>4</sub> and methanol‐<sup>12</sup>C (1974)

Abstract Hydrogenation of carbon dioxide at mild temperature and preasure utilizing a copper‐zinc‐chromium catlyst has been developed for small‐ and large‐scale preparations of methanol and is applicable to various isotope isomers.
한국 여성의 골다공증의 유병률 (2003)

목적: 본 후향적 연구에서는 한국 여성에서 골다공증과 골감소증의 유병률을 알아보고자 하였다.
재료 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2001년 7월까지 중앙대학교 의료원 산부인과 폐경기 클리닉을 방문하여 골밀도를 측정한 40 세 이상의 여성 1,448명의 골 상태를 평가하였다. 요추 2, 3, 4, 대퇴골 경부 및 총 대퇴골의 골밀도를 이중 에너지 X-선 흡수 계측기(Lunar DPXIQ #7055)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 환자들은 T-scores에 의해 정상, 골감소증, 그리고 골다공증으로 분류되었다.
결과: 40 세 이상의 여성에서 골다공증의 유별률은 요추, 대퇴골 경부 및 총 대퇴골 골밀도에서 각각 19.4％, 10.8％ 및 6.7％이었다. 50세 이상의 여성에서는 골다공증의 유병률이 요추, 대퇴골 경부 및 총 대퇴골 골밀도에서 각각 23.1％, 13.0％, 그리고 7.6％이었다.
결론: 골다공증의 유병률은 나이가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 요추에서는 골다공증의 유병률이 연령이 증가함에 따라 지속적으로 증가하였지만, 대퇴골 경부 및 대퇴골 골밀도에서는 폐경 이후에 급격히 증가하였다.
Globally optimal direction fields (2013)

We present a method for constructing smooth n -direction fields (line fields, cross fields, etc .) on surfaces that is an order of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art methods, while still producing fields of equal or better quality. Fields produced by the method are globally optimal in the sense that they minimize a simple, well-defined quadratic smoothness energy over all possible configurations of singularities (number, location, and index). The method is fully automatic and can optionally produce fields aligned with a given guidance field such as principal curvature directions. Computationally the smoothest field is found via a sparse eigenvalue problem involving a matrix similar to the cotan-Laplacian. When a guidance field is present, finding the optimal field amounts to solving a single linear system.
Evaluation of electrical systems for offshore windfarms (2002)

An inventory has been made of electrical systems in wind turbines. The first part concerns types of generators and includes variable reluctance, brushless double fed, superposing gearbox and hypocycloid options. The second part focuses on the transmission of the electric power to shore. Innovative designs are discussed and a preliminary economic evaluation is presented. Assessment criteria are chosen to rank these systems.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors:  Hypoxia-Activatable Sulfonamides Incorporating Disulfide Bonds that Target the Tumor-Associated Isoform IX (2006)

An approach for designing bioreductive, hypoxia-activatable carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors targeting the tumor-associated isoforms is reported. Sulfonamides incorporating 3,3'-dithiodipropionamide/2,2'-dithiodibenzamido moieties were prepared and reduced enzymatically/chemically in conditions present in hypoxic tumors, leading to thiols. The X-ray crystal structure of the most promising compound, 4-(2-mercaptophenylcarboxamido)benzenesulfonamide, which as disulfide showed a K(I) against hCA IX of 653 nM (in reduced form of 9.1 nM), in adduct with hCA II showed the inhibitor making favorable interactions with Gln92, Val121, Phe131, Leu198, Thr199, Thr200, Pro201, and Pro202, whereas the sulfamoyl moiety was coordinated to the Zn2+ ion. The same interactions were preserved in the adduct with hCA IX, but in addition, a hydrogen bond between the SH moiety of the inhibitor and the amide nitrogen of Gln67 was evidenced, which may explain the almost 2 times more effective inhibition of the tumor-associated isozyme over the cytosolic isoform.
Summary Report on the Graded Prognostic Assessment: An Accurate and Facile Diagnosis-Specific Tool to Estimate Survival for Patients With Brain Metastases (2011)

Prognostic factors for patients with brain metastases vary by diagnosis, and for each diagnosis, a robust separation into different GPA scores was discerned, implying considerable heterogeneity in outcome, even within a single tumor type. In summary, these indices and related worksheet provide an accurate and facile diagnosis-specific tool to estimate survival, potentially select appropriate treatment, and stratify clinical trials for patients with brain metastases.
Development of a Real-Time PCR Method Based on Duplo Target Plasmids for Determining an Unexpected Genetically Modified Soybean Intermix with Feed Components (2007)

The occurrence of intermixing, especially that resulting from genetically modified (GM) species, is increasingly becoming a problem in the delicate chain of feed and food quality control. Thus, a strategy is needed for precisely quantifying the presence of intermixing. An analytical assay based on real-time PCR has been developed; it can ascertain the extent of unexpected intermixing of GM soybean with maize meal. Three soybean-maize mix levels, with soybean intermix percentages of, respectively, 0.1, 0.5, and 1%, were prepared to simulate samples containing traces of soybean. As calibrator standards, ad hoc multiple-target pGEM-T plasmids containing soybean and maize reference genes in a 1:1 ratio were constructed. Four different maize endogenous genes, alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (adh1), high-mobility group protein a (hmga), invertase 1 (ivr1), and zein (zein), were assessed, each combined with the soybean endogenous lectin 1 (lect1) gene. Plasmids containing adh1-lect1 and zein-lect1 genes were found to be the most reliable calibration systems for this analysis, providing precise and accurate quantification results. Measuring the percentage of GM soybean intermixing makes it possible to calculate the actual transgenic component of the total sample.
From behavior to structure: high-level synthesis (1990)

This paper shows how high-level synthesis bridges the gap between behavioral specifications and hardware structure by automatically generating a circuit description from a netlist. The resulting description can be used for other design automation tools, such as logic synthesis and layout. As opposed to logic synthesis, which optimizes only combinational logic, high-level synthesis deals with memory elements, the interconnection structures, (such as buses and multiplexers), and the sequential aspects of a design. The steps in the process of synthesizing synchronous digital hardware are explained. They consist of compilation, high-level transformations, scheduling, and allocation. Design representation is discussed, and problems remaining to be solved are indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rrp1, a cyclic‐di‐GMP‐producing response regulator, is an important regulator of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> core cellular functions (2009)

Two-component systems (TCS) are universal among bacteria and play critical roles in gene regulation. Our understanding of the contributions of TCS in the biology of the Borrelia is just now beginning to develop. Borrelia burgdorferi, a causative agent of Lyme disease, harbours a TCS comprised of open reading frames (ORFs) BB0419 and BB0420. BB0419 encodes a response regulator designated Rrp1, and BB0420 encodes a hybrid histidine kinase-response regulator designated Hpk1. Rrp1, which contains a conserved GGDEF domain, undergoes phosphorylation and produces the secondary messenger, cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), a critical signaling molecule in numerous organisms. However, the regulatory role of the Rrp1-Hpk1 TCS and c-di-GMP signaling in Borrelia biology are unexplored. In this study, the distribution, conservation, expression and potential global regulatory capability of Rrp1 were assessed. rrp1 was found to be universal and highly conserved among isolates, co-transcribed with hpk1, constitutively expressed during in vitro cultivation, and significantly upregulated upon tick feeding. Allelic exchange replacement and microarray analyses revealed that the Rrp1 regulon consists of a large number of genes encoded by the core Borrelia genome (linear chromosome, linear plasmid 54 and circular plasmid 26) that encode for proteins involved in central metabolic processes and virulence mechanisms including immune evasion.