gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of metal ions on the measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity. (1980)

Journal Article Effects of metal ions on the measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity. Get access R Rej, R Rej Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J P Bretaudiere J P Bretaudiere Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 26, Issue 3, 1 March 1980, Pages 423–428, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/26.3.423 Published: 01 March 1980
A NOTE OF THE ANALYSIS OF DEPRECIATION AND OBSOLESCENCE (1986)

Analysing depreciation and obsolescence requires a model which separates the effect of abnormal changes in the market from the underlying growth trends. The model presented by Sykes fails to recognise the economic principles involved and, therefore, gives rise to results which are open to misinterpretation. Using the best methods available it is shown that over the period from 1978–85 there is no evidence to suggest that valuers have been misinterpreting growth prospects in either the office or retail sectors. There is some evidence, however, to suggest that this may be the case as far as the industrial sector is concerned. There is insufficient data available at present to confirm whether this trend is one which is likely to be sustained over very long periods. At the practical level it is shown that by combining properties into portfolios it is possible to diversify away the effects of obsolescence.
Transparent hearing (2002)

This paper describes what we call Transparent Hearing: the use of microphone equipped headphones for augmented audio. It provides a framework for experiments like real-time audio alteration, multi-modal sensory integration and collaborative listening experiences. We attach high-quality microphones to headphones and send the signal through a computer to these headphones. We have built headphones that stop the music if somebody wants to talk to you, a pseudophone, and collaborative I hear What You Hear headphones that are triggered by eye-contact.
Message (2011)

Dear Fellow members, First of all let me wish all of you a very happy, prosperous, healthy and peaceful new year. Every New Year brings in new hopes, challenges, and opportunities and along with that lot of excitement, satisfaction. The year 2011 is no exception to this. For IIW-India, this year is a very special and an important one. It is because in this year, we are going to organize, for the first time in the Indian Welding history, the Annual Assembly and the International Conference of the International Institute of Welding (IIW). This will be held on July 17-22 at Chennai. This is a very prestigious and annual event of the IIW and it is a golden opportunity for the Indian welding fraternity not only to showcase the developments and progress made in our country but also to learn from the experiences, research work of many renowned experts from across the world. There can be no two opinions on this.
Self‐Assembled Monolayers into the 21<sup>st</sup> Century: Recent Advances and Applications (2003)

Abstract The modification of an interface on a molecular level with more than one molecular ‘building block' is essentially an example of the ‘bottom–up' fabrication principle of nanotechnology. The fabrication of such integrated molecular systems in electrochemistry has seen rapid progress in recent years via the development of sensing interfaces fabricated using self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). This review outlines recent advances and applications of self‐assembled monolayers for modifying electrodes with an emphasis on the development of integrated molecular systems. First, some basic issues regarding fabricating integrated molecular systems, such as the role of the surface topography of the electrode and patterning surfaces, are discussed. Subsequently an overview of recent developments in pH, inorganic and bio sensing involving the use of SAMs is given. Finally emerging trends in using molecular building blocks in the fabrication of integrated molecular systems, such as nanotubes, dendrimers and nanoparticles, are reviewed.
Preparation of Ni‐Sn Alloys by an Electroless‐Deposition Method (1994)

Electroless‐deposited Ni‐Sn alloy films were investigated to increase tin content in the deposit. The maximum tin contents of electroless Ni‐Sn‐P and Ni‐Sn‐B were ca. 30 atom percent (a/o) and 42 a/o, respectively. The maximum tin content in the case of Ni‐Sn‐B was nearly equal to that of electrodeposited Ni‐Sn alloy already reported. The crystallinity of Ni‐Sn‐P and Ni‐Sn‐B alloys was raised up with an increase in tin content. The corrosion resistance of Ni‐Sn‐P and Ni‐Sn‐B alloys was between that of amorphous and crystalline electroless‐deposited Ni‐P. Codeposition of tin into Ni‐P films improved solderability, but into the Ni‐B films, the solderability of Ni‐Sn‐B films situated in the region between those of Ni‐P and , because the solderability of is higher.
Chromatography of Erythroblasts on Immobilized Transferrin (1983)

Affinity chromatography with immobilized transferrin has been used to effect a partial purification of erythroblasts and reticulocytes from bone marrow. Human transferrin was covalently attached to Sepharose CL-2B, Bio-Gel A-1.5, A-0.5, P-20, P-6, P-4, and P-2, and Sephadex G-75. Nucleated erythroid cells bound to the greatest degree to the polyacrylamide P-6 bead, whereas reticulocytes had the greatest affinity for the Sepharose CL-2B bead. The polyacrylamide P-6 bead has a greater density of surface groups than the Sepharose bead, and this correlates to the greater density of transferrin receptors on erythroblasts. The beads were used in a column which contained a central stirring bar with multiple crosspieces. The stirrer provided a method to uniformly agitate the beads to facilitate elution of the cells bound to the matrix. Approximately 1-2 x 10(8) bone marrow cells could be applied to a 25-ml matrix bed. This procedure resulted in a considerable resolution of cell types and gave a high yield of reticulocytes and erythroblasts from rat and rabbit bone marrow.
Nanoscale Electron Beam Damage Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (2009)

High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) has recently been added to the arsenal of characterization tools for material scientists to observe nanoscale surface features on both conducting and insulating materials. It is now therefore crucial to understand whether the intense electron beam will damage the features of interest. We have been able, for the first time, to measure and quantify this damage using a combination of HRSEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and as a consequence, we demonstrate that the bulk of the damage, expressed as a depression on the crystal surface, is confined primarily to a subsurface volume. Simulations demonstrate that the depth of the depression is proportional to the interaction volume of impact electrons below the crystal surface. More importantly, the nanometer surface features are conserved, and there is negligible associated loss of the critical information in nanoscopic surface topography. These results confirm the usefulness of HRSEM as a tool for surface analysis not only for scientists investigating crystal growth but also for materials scientists analyzing any surface at the nanoscale.
Auxin regulation of cell cycle and its role during lateral root initiation (2005)

The plant hormone auxin plays a crucial role in the upstream regulation of many processes, making the study of its action particularly interesting to understand plant development. In this review we will focus on the effects auxin exerts on cell cycle progression, more specifically, during the initiation of lateral roots. Auxin fulfils a dominant role in the initiation of a new lateral root primordium. How this occurs remains largely unknown. Here we try to integrate the classical auxin signalling mechanisms into recent findings on cell cycle regulation. How both signalling cascades are integrated appears to be complex and is far from understood. As a means to solve this problem we suggest the use of a lateral root‐inducible system that allows investigation of the early signalling cascades initiated by auxin and leading to cell cycle activation.
Els efectes de la transmissió intergeneracional de la llengua, l'escolarització i la integració lingüística en les previsions de la competència en valencià al País Valencià. (2003)

Avaluem la importancia relativa dels processos demografics i linguistics en l’evolucio de la competencia per comprendre, parlar, llegir i escriure catala en el Pais Valencia. Basades en les projeccions d’una vasta serie d’escenaris, les analisis de regressio multiple mostren que l’adquisicio de la llengua propia durant l’escolaritzacio, la immigracio i la integracio linguistica dels immigrants tenen mes pes que altres processos demolinguistics en els efectes a llarg termini dels nivells de competencia.
Incremental update and upgrade of Spatial Data (2000)

This paper examines issues relating to the update and upgrade of the digital cadastral map.Of central interest is the transfer of incremental update and upgrade data from the custodian to the user and possible solutions for the associativity problem.The paper clearly differentiates between spatial update and upgrade and categorises three different methods for the transfer of incremental upgrade information.The impact on both the users and the custodian of the cadastral map are discussed in view of providing the most efficient and timely incremental upgrade information.A strategy that provides the maximum information to the users about the shift in the digital cadastral map and additional serves as input information for any adjustment procedures the user utilise to minimise the associativity problem.While this paper draws on the authors experience of maintenance of cadastral maps in the Australian states of Victoria and New South Wales and the German state of Berlin, the efficient delivery of updates and especially upgrades of the spatial cadastral data to users is of interest to users of spatial data. ZusammenfassungDie Geo-Basisdaten des Liegenschaftskatasters bilden die Grundlage fr eine Vielzahl von GIS-Anwendungen.Dieser Artikel beschreibt den organisatorischen Kontext und die technischen Randbedingungen einer differentiellen Fortfhrung von digitalen Katasterkarten an Beispielen aus Australien und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.Dabei wird zwischen Einfge-und Lschoperationen (Update) und geometrischen Verschiebungen fr existierende Objekte der Katasterkarte (Upgrade)
Analyzing Access Timing of Removable Flash Media (2007)

Flash memories could be a basis for mass storage with real-time guarantees if a suitable model for access timing could be established. We describe Flanatoo, a suite of benchmarks which extracts relevant timing information from removable flash media such as compact flash (CF) and USB flash drives. We identified three major timing influence factors: the access block size, the accessed address and (to a lesser degree) the written bit pattern. Despite numerous timing anomalies we argue that removable flash media behave more predictably than hard disks and are indeed a potential basis for real-time mass storage.
Behavior of Methanol and Formaldehyde in Burned Gas from Methanol Combustion : Effects of Nitric Oxide on Oxidation Reaction (1983)

Calculations using a chemical kinetic model for the oxidation process of unburned methanol were carried out on exhaust gases from a methanol fueled S.I. engine at air-fuel equivalence ratios of 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4. Good correlation between the calculated and experimental results were obtained for methanol reaction behavior as well as formaldehyde concentration profile. The conversion reaction of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide plays a significant role in the oxidation of unburned methanol and the formation of formaldehyde. The presence of molecular oxygen in exhaust gases has a favorable effect on this conversion. However rich the oxygen may be, methanol oxidation is extremely slow in the absence of nitric oxide. With rich oxygen, methanol oxidation is rapid due to an increasing nitric oxide. It is explained by considering those effects how the methanol reaction rate attains a maximum value in exhaust gases between airfuel equivalence ratios of 1.0 and 1.2.
Loss of HNF-1α Function in Mice Leads to Abnormal Expression of Genes Involved in Pancreatic Islet Development and Metabolism (2001)

Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha (HNF-1alpha) lead to maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 as a result of impaired insulin secretory response in pancreatic beta-cells. The expression of 50 genes essential for normal beta-cell function was studied to better define the molecular mechanism underlying the insulin secretion defect in Hnf-1alpha(-/-) mice. We found decreased steady-state mRNA levels of genes encoding glucose transporter 2 (Glut2), neutral and basic amino acid transporter, liver pyruvate kinase (L-Pk), and insulin in Hnf-1alpha(-/-) mice. In addition, we determined that the expression of several islet-enriched transcription factors, including Pdx-1, Hnf-4alpha, and Neuro-D1/Beta-2, was reduced in Hnf-1alpha(-/-) mice. These changes in pancreatic islet mRNA levels were already apparent in newborn animals, suggesting that loss of Hnf-1alpha function rather than chronic hyperglycemia is the primary cause of the altered gene expression. This expression profile was pancreatic islet-specific and distinct from hepatocytes, where we found normal expression of Glut2, L-Pk, and Hnf-4alpha in the liver of Hnf-1alpha(-/-) mice. The expression of small heterodimer partner (Shp-1), an orphan receptor that can heterodimerize with Hnf-4alpha and inhibit its transcriptional activity, was also reduced in Hnf-1alpha(-/-) islets. We characterized a 0.58-kb Shp-1 promoter and determined that the decreased expression of Shp-1 may be indirectly mediated by a downregulation of Hnf-4alpha. We further showed that Shp-1 can repress its own transcriptional activation by inhibiting Hnf-4alpha function, thereby establishing a feedback autoregulatory loop. Our results indicate that loss of Hnf-1alpha function leads to altered expression of genes involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, insulin synthesis, and beta-cell differentiation.
Transcoronary chemical ablation of ventricular tachycardia. (1989)

After identification of the artery supplying blood to the arrhythmogenic area, transcoronary chemical ablation of ventricular tachycardia was undertaken in three patients with incessant tachycardia in whom the other therapeutic options had failed. Sterile ethanol (96%) was given at a dose of 1.5 ml in two patients and a total of 6 ml in the third. The arrhythmia was cured in two patients and suppressed during a 1-month period in the third until new collateral blood supply to the arrhythmogenic area developed and ventricular tachycardia recurred. The procedure was then repeated successfully. After administration of ethanol in the high interventricular septum, one patient developed temporary complete atrioventricular block and a pacemaker was implanted. No other complications occurred. We observed that in patients with ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction, it is possible to identify and catheterize small coronary arteries responsible for blood supply to the site of origin or pathway of ventricular tachycardia. After careful transcoronary mapping with saline, chemical ablation can prevent further episodes of the arrhythmia in selected patients.
Derivatisation of arginine residues with malondialdehyde for the analysis of peptides and protein digests by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS (2006)

In this study a selective tagging strategy for the derivatisation of arginine residues in peptides is presented. It is based on the reaction of the guanidine group of the arginine side-chain with malondialdehyde (MDA) under strongly acidic conditions, in which a stable pyrimidine ring is formed. The reaction conditions have been optimised so that quantitative modification can be achieved for a variety of peptides. The label has a strong influence on the polarity and basicity of the arginine side-chain and thus on the chromatographic and mass spectrometric properties of arginine-containing peptides. For example, retention, particularly of small and polar peptides as well as arginine-rich peptides, is significantly increased by derivatisation, and therefore sensitivity is also enhanced in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The arginine side-chain also has a strong impact on the fragmentation behaviour of peptides in tandem mass spectrometry. This has been investigated for standard peptides for which, in some cases, significantly more fragment ions were formed after derivatisation. Finally, the method was tested for tryptic digests of standard proteins to demonstrate how the tagging strategy can give improved or complementary information for protein identification.
Optimal preview trajectory decision model of lane-keeping system with driver behavior simulation and Artificial Potential Field (2009)

Almost all lane-keeping system directly use the lane central line as the preview trajectory to control vehicle tracking it, this simple method has no coherent to driver behavior because real drivers usually don't keep vehicle strictly tracking lane central line but always make corner-cutting during turning. In this paper, from the point of view of the simulation of the real driver behavior, especially driver preview characteristic, and with artificial potential field method, a new preview trajectory decision approach is proposed, in which a total energy function of artificial potential field with two evaluation indexes of safety and maneuverability is established to dynamically deciding vehicle preview trajectory with lane marker, vehicle current state and vehicle steering limit. The simulation of different lane shape such as circle lane, snake lane and double-lane-change and low and high velocity show that this model can dynamically decide the optimal trajectory with lane width and curvature coming from lane marker information and has good occupant acceptance.
[Physiology of bile secretion]. (1975)

Canalicular bile secreted by the hepatocyte consists of at least two fractions: one is initiated by active transport of bile acids, the other is due to active transport of inorganic ions. Bilirubin and other organic anions, organic cations, and neutral compounds are secreted into the canalicular bile as well as lecithin and cholesterol. Subsequently the biliary tree, the gallbladder, and the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids have an effect on bile formation. Choleresis induced by drugs may be due to a direct osmotic effect of the compound secreted in bile or to an increase of the bile acid independent fraction of bile flow. Cholestasis frequently is caused by inhibition of the bile acid independent fraction. Studies on micellar solubility of cholesterol have led to new concepts concerning formation of cholesterol gallstones and their dissolution with chenodeoxycholic-acid therapy.
HEAVY WATER PRODUCTION IN THE USA (1960)

Heavy water production by the hydrogen sulfide--water dual temperature exchange process (GS process) is discussed relative to the apparatus employed, principles of the process, flow control, the heat exchange system, and economics of the process. (C.J.G.)
Experimental and simulation studies of unusual current blockade induced by translocation of small oxidized PEG through a single nanopore (2014)

Detection of a single macromolecule based on the use of artificial nanopores is an attractive and promising field of research. In this work, we report a device based on a 5 nm single nanopore with a high length/diameter ratio, tailored by the track etching and atomic layer deposition techniques. The translocation of neutral polyethylene glycol (PEG) and charged polyethylene glycol-carboxylate (PEG-carboxylate) molecules of low molar masses (200 and 600 g mol(-1)) through this nanodevice was studied. It was shown that charged PEG-carboxylate molecules, which permeate through the pore, promote an unusual blockade of ionic current whereas the neutral PEG molecules do not show such behaviour. The molecular dynamics simulation shows that both neutral and charged PEGs permeate through the nanopore close to its inner surface. The main difference between the two macromolecules is the existence of a structured shell of cations around the charged PEG, which is likely to cause the observed unusual current blockade.
Mutational analysis of the virion host shutoff gene (UL41) of herpes simplex virus (HSV): characterization of HSV type 1 (HSV-1)/HSV-2 chimeras (1997)

During lytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, the half-lives of host and viral mRNAs are regulated by the HSV virion host shutoff (Vhs) protein (UL41). The sequences of the UL41 polypeptides of HSV type 1 (HSV-1) strain KOS and HSV-2 strain 333 are 87% identical. In spite of this similarity, HSV-2 strains generally shut off the host more rapidly and completely than HSV-1 strains. To examine type-specific differences in Vhs function, we compared the Vhs activities of UL41 alleles from HSV-1(KOS) and HSV-2(333) by assaying the ability of a transfected UL41 allele to inhibit expression of a cotransfected reporter gene. Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 alleles inhibited reporter gene expression over a range of vhs DNA concentrations. However, 40-fold less of the HSV-2 allele was required to yield the same level of inhibition as HSV-1, indicating that it is significantly more potent. Examination of chimeric UL41 alleles containing various combinations of HSV-1 and HSV-2 sequences identified three regions of the 333 polypeptide which increase the activity of KOS when substituted for the corresponding amino acids of the KOS protein. These are separated by two regions which have no effect on KOS activity, even though they contain 43 of the 74 amino acid differences between the parental alleles. In addition, alleles encoding a full-length KOS polypeptide with a 32-amino-acid N-terminal extension retain considerable activity. The results begin to identify which amino acid differences are responsible for type-specific differences in Vhs activity.
The Effect of Intraoperative Traction During Posterior Spinal Instrumentation and Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2004)

The authors do not recommend the routine use of intraoperative traction using a head halter combined with skin traction for all AIS patients undergoing PSIF. However, it could be helpful in selected cases, such as in patients having pelvic obliquity and requiring instrumentation of the pelvis.
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube AFM Probes:  Optimal Imaging Resolution of Nanoclusters and Biomolecules in Ambient and Fluid Environments (2004)

Carbon nanotubes are potentially ideal atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes due to their well-defined geometry, robust mechanical properties, and in the case of single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs), diameters approaching the size of small organic molecules. Here we elucidate fundamental factors that determine AFM imaging resolution using a combination of experiments with well-characterized SWNT probes and numerical simulations. Tapping mode AFM imaging on gold nanoclusters and DNA molecules using SWNT probes shows that the tip-induced broadening reaches the geometrical limit (i.e., the diameter of the SWNT tips) in the repulsive imaging regime, and the broadening effect becomes greater than the geometrical limit in the attractive imaging regime due to long-range attractive forces. Adjusting the damping enables imaging of isolated DNA molecules with a resolution defined by the tip diameter without disrupting the sample.
Improved event free survival (EFS) with the novel retinoid, bexarotene (BEX) and gemcitabine/carboplatin (G/C) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2004)

7104 Background: BEX (Targretin) is a novel retinoid targeting the RXR receptor. RXR expression has been correlated with survival in NSCLC. Phase I/II data have indicated prolonged survival in NSCL...