gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A NEW ALDEHYDE SYNTHESIS (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA NEW ALDEHYDE SYNTHESISM. L. Wolfrom and J. V. KarabinosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 4, 724–725Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01208a515https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01208a515research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Die Forderungen der Korrosionsschutz‐Ingenieure an die Korrosionsschutz‐Anstrichmittel (1963)

Abstract Vf. bespricht die an Grundierungen und Deckanstriche gestellte Aufgabe. Die wichtigsten Korrosionsschutz‐Anstrichmittel bzw. ‐Systeme werden im Hinblick auf die von ihnen geforderten wesentlichsten Eigenschaften (Schichtdicke, Elastizität, Hitze‐Beständigkeit, Resistenz gegen Witterung, Chemikalien, Fette, Öle usw.) diskutiert.
Case 18-1998 (1998)

Presentation of CaseA 54-day-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent respiratory distress and failure to gain weight.She had been born to a 38-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 0) who had group B, Rh-positive blood. The mother was immune to rubella and had a negative serologic test for syphilis. Because her obstetrician had concluded that her vaginal mucus was lethal to her husband's sperm, he had administered clomiphene and inserted sperm directly into the uterus. Conception occurred on the fourth attempt. The pregnancy was complicated by the mother's smoking (less than one pack of cigarettes per . . .
Blurred image region detection and classification (2011)

Many digital images contain blurred regions which are caused by motion or defocus. Automatic detection and classification of blurred image regions are very important for different multimedia analyzing tasks. This paper presents a simple and effective automatic image blurred region detection and classification technique. In the proposed technique, blurred image regions are first detected by examining singular value information for each image pixels. The blur types (i.e. motion blur or defocus blur) are then determined based on certain alpha channel constraint that requires neither image deblurring nor blur kernel estimation. Extensive experiments have been conducted over a dataset that consists of 200 blurred image regions and 200 image regions with no blur that are extracted from 100 digital images. Experimental results show that the proposed technique detects and classifies the two types of image blurs accurately. The proposed technique can be used in many different multimedia analysis applications such as image segmentation, depth estimation and information retrieval.
Selective Leaching of Chromium from Hanford Tank Sludge 241-U-108 (2002)

This study evaluated the oxidants permanganate, MnO4-, and peroxynitrite, ONOO-, as selective chromium-leaching agents from washed 241-U-108 tank sludge under varying conditions of hydroxide concentration, temperature, and time. The mass changes and final sludge compositions were evaluated using glass-property models to ascertain the relative impacts of the various oxidative alkaline leach conditions on the amount of borosilicate glass required to immobilize a given amount of washed 241-U-108 Hanford tank sludge. Only permanganate leaching removes sufficient chromium to make the chromium concentration in the oxidatively alkaline leached solids non-limiting. In the absence of added oxidants, continued washing or caustic leaching have no beneficial effects. Peroxynitrite addition reduces the amount of glass required to immobilize a given amount of washed 241-U-108 tank sludge by approximately a factor of two. Depending on the leach conditions and the exact chromium concentration limits, contact with alkaline permanganate solutions reduces the amount of immobilized high-level waste glass by a factor of 10 to 30.
Manumycins E,F and G, new members of manumycin class antibiotics, from Streptomyces sp. (1994)

Three new manumycin class antibiotics, namely manumycins E, F and G, were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. strain WB-8376. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, and the S configuration of C-4 in the epoxycyclohexenone moiety was determined by CD exciton chirality method for each of the three compounds. Manumycins E, F and G are active against Gram-positive bacteria, and have moderate inhibitory effects on the farnesylation of p21 ras protein. They demonstrated weak cytotoxic activity against human colon tumor cell HCT-116.
How To Build and Hold a 90° Angle Hole (1989)

ABSTRACT Horizontal drilling is now a well established technique with growing popularity for exploiting a number of reservoirs which would otherwise be uncommercial. However a horizontal well requires a substantial engineering work, compared to a conventional deviated well. The target has new dimensions. The design of the optimum trajectory must take into account a large number of datum. Directional control is severe. Drags and torque have an increased and adverse action on the overall drilling mechanics. The inverted drill string is a new concept. This paper provides guide lines for planning a horizontal wellbore. Among the 16 horizontal wells drilled by ELF AQUITAINE, typical application of three different methods are also reported.
A new condition to identify isotropic dielectric‐magnetic materials displaying negative phase velocity (2004)

Abstract The derivation of a new condition for characterizing isotropic dielectric‐magnetic materials exhibiting negative phase velocity, and the equivalence of that condition with previously derived conditions, are presented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 41: 315–316, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20127
Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Bone Tissue Regeneration: New Insight and Perspectives (2014)

The study of bone tissue regeneration in orthopaedic diseases has stimulated great interest among bone tissue engineering specialists and orthopaedic surgeons. Combinations of biomaterials, growth factors and stem cells for repairing bone have been much studied and researched, yet remain a challenge for both scientists and clinicians pursuing regenerative medicine. The purpose of this review was to elucidate the role of sequential release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in producing better outcomes in the field of bone tissue regeneration.
Reperfusion Pulmonary Edema (1989)

Reperfusion following lower-torso ischemia in humans leads to respiratory failure manifest by pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. The mechanism of injury has been studied in the sheep lung lymph preparation, where it has been demonstrated that the reperfusion resulting in pulmonary edema is due to an increase in microvascular permeability of the lung to protein. This respiratory failure caused by reperfusion appears to be an inflammatory reaction associated with intravascular release of the chemoattractants leukotriene B4 and thromboxane. Histological studies of the lung in experimental animals revealed significant accumulation of neutrophils but not platelets in alveolar capillaries. We conclude that thromboxane generated and released from the ischemic tissue is responsible for the transient pulmonary hypertension. Second, it is likely that the chemoattractants are responsible for leukosequestration, and, third, neutrophils, oxygen-derived free radicals, and thromboxane moderate the altered lung permeability.
Chromosomal imbalances associated with response to chemotherapy and cytotoxic cytokines in human malignant glioma cell lines (2001)

The median survival for human malignant glioma patients treated with neurosurgery and postoperative radiotherapy does not exceed one year. Only a minority of patients benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. It was the aim of our study to determine which genomic alterations in malignant gliomas modulate the sensitivity to chemotherapy or cytotoxic cytokines such as CD95 ligand (CD95L) or Apo2L/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2L/TRAIL). Therefore, we analyzed 12 human malignant glioma cell lines for chromosomal gains and losses by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). The gains most commonly identified were on chromosomes 7q, 19, 1, and 20q, whereas the most frequent losses were on 13q, 11q, 18q, and 4q. By comparison with previously published data on this panel of glioma cell lines1112, we defined candidate regions which may carry genes responsible for sensitivity to chemotherapy or cytotoxic cytokines. All but one of the chromosomal regions associated with response to chemotherapy, i.e. 1p12, 3p21, 11p11.2-p13, 12q23, 17p11. 2-p13, were different from those associated with response to cytotoxic cytokines, i.e. lp12, 1q22, 12q12-q21. Genomic regions known to harbor major candidate genes, including genes encoding death ligands, death receptors, caspases and BCL-2 family proteins, were not found to be imbalanced. In addition, we identified 5q13-q14, 5q34, 10p11.2, 9q21-q34 as genomic regions associated with the proliferative activity of malignant glioma cell lines. Cell lines with gain on proximal 5q, where CCNB1 and CCNH reside, showed an increased growth rate, suggesting that cyclins activating cdc2, the dominant G2/M phase kinase, may play a role in glioma tumorigenes.
GTP Binding and Signaling by Gh/Transglutaminase II Involves Distinct Residues in a Unique GTP-binding Pocket (2000)

G(h) is a dual function protein. It has receptor signaling activity that requires GTP binding and Ca(2+)-activated transglutaminase (TGase) activity that is inhibited by GTP binding. G(h) shows no homology with other GTP-binding proteins, and its GTP-binding site has not been defined. Based on sequence analysis of [alpha-(32)P]GTP-photolabeled and proteolytically released internal peptide fragments, we report localization of GTP binding to a 15-residue segment ((159)YVLTQQGFIYQGSVK(173)) of the G(h) core domain. This was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis; a G(h)/fXIIIA chimera (in which residues 162-179 of G(h) were substituted with the equivalent but nonhomologous region of the non-GTP-binding TGase factor XIIIA) and a G(h) point mutant, S171E, retained TGase activity but failed to bind and hydrolyze GTP and did not support alpha(1B)-adrenergic receptor signaling. Slight impairment of GTP binding (1.5-fold) and hydrolysis (10-fold) in the absence of altered TGase activity did not affect signaling by the mutant K173N. However, greater impairment of GTP binding (6-fold) and hydrolysis (50-fold) abolished signaling by the mutant K173L. Mutant S171C exhibited enhanced GTP binding and signaling. Thus, residues Ser(171) and Lys(173) are critical for both GTP binding and signaling but not TGase activity. Mutagenesis of residues N-terminal to Gly(170) impaired both GTP binding and TGase activity. From computer modeling of G(h), it is evident that the GTP-binding region identified here is distinct from, but interacts with, the TGase active site. Together with structural considerations of G(h) versus other GTP-binding proteins, these findings indicate that G(h) has a unique GTP-binding pocket and provide for the first time a mechanism for GTP-mediated regulation of the TGase activity of G(h).
Visualizing chemical functionality in plant cell walls (2017)

Understanding plant cell wall cross-linking chemistry and polymeric architecture is key to the efficient utilization of biomass in all prospects from rational genetic modification to downstream chemical and biological conversion to produce fuels and value chemicals. In fact, the bulk properties of cell wall recalcitrance are collectively determined by its chemical features over a wide range of length scales from tissue, cellular to polymeric architectures. Microscopic visualization of cell walls from the nanometer to the micrometer scale offers an in situ approach to study their chemical functionality considering its spatial and chemical complexity, particularly the capabilities of characterizing biomass non-destructively and in real-time during conversion processes. Microscopic characterization has revealed heterogeneity in the distribution of chemical features, which would otherwise be hidden in bulk analysis. Key microscopic features include cell wall type, wall layering, and wall composition-especially cellulose and lignin distributions. Microscopic tools, such as atomic force microscopy, stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy, have been applied to investigations of cell wall structure and chemistry from the native wall to wall treated by thermal chemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. While advancing our current understanding of plant cell wall recalcitrance and deconstruction, microscopic tools with improved spatial resolution will steadily enhance our fundamental understanding of cell wall function.
Mapping cerebrovascular reactivity using concurrent fMRI and near infrared spectroscopy (2011)

Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) reflects the compensatory dilatory capacity of cerebral vasculature to a dilatory stimulus and is an important indicator of brain vascular reserve. fMRI has been proven to be an effective imaging technique to obtain the CVR map when the subjects perform CO2 inhalation or the breath holding task (BH). However, the traditional data analysis inaccurately models the BOLD using a boxcar function with fixed time delay. We propose a novel way to process the fMRI data obtained during a blocked BH by using the simultaneously collected near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data as regressor<sup>1</sup>. In this concurrent NIRS and fMRI study, 6 healthy subjects performed a blocked BH (5 breath holds with 20s durations intermitted by 40s of regular breathing). A NIRS probe of two sources and two detectors separated by 3 cm was placed on the right side of prefrontal area of the subjects. The time course of changes in oxy-hemoglobin (Δ[HbO]) was calculated from NIRS data and shifted in time by various amounts, and resampled to the fMRI acquisition rate. Each shifted time course was used as regressor in FEAT (the analysis tool in FSL). The resulting z-statistic maps were concatenated in time and the maximal value was taken along the time for all the voxels to generate a 3-D CVR map. The new method produces more accurate and thorough CVR maps; moreover, it enables us to produce a comparable baseline cerebral vascular map if applied to resting state (RS) data.
The Epidemiology and Clinical Aspects of the Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Minnesota (1990)

The frequency of the hemolytic uremic syndrome, characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure, is increasing. Although Escherichia coli serotype 0157:H7 has been implicated as a causative agent, more information is needed about the basic epidemiology and clinical aspects of this syndrome.
Analysis of the cGMP/cAMP Interactome Using a Chemical Proteomics Approach in Mammalian Heart Tissue Validates Sphingosine Kinase Type 1-interacting Protein as a Genuine and Highly Abundant AKAP (2006)

The cyclic nucleotide monophosphates cAMP and cGMP play an essential role in many signaling pathways. To analyze which proteins do interact with these second messenger molecules, we developed a chemical proteomics approach using cAMP and cGMP immobilized onto agarose beads, via flexible linkers in the 2- and 8-position of the nucleotide. Optimization of the affinity pull-down procedures in lysates of HEK293 cells revealed that a large variety of proteins could be pulled down specifically. Identification of these proteins by mass spectrometry showed that many of these proteins were indeed genuine cAMP or cGMP binding proteins. However, additionally many of the pulled-down proteins were more abundant AMP/ADP/ATP, GMP/GDP/GTP, or general DNA/RNA binding proteins. Therefore, a sequential elution protocol was developed, eluting proteins from the beads using solutions containing ADP, GDP, cGMP, and/or cAMP, respectively. Using this protocol, we were able to sequentially and selectively elute ADP, GDP, and DNA binding proteins. The fraction left on the beads was further enriched, for cAMP/cGMP binding proteins. Transferring this protocol to the analysis of the cGMP/cAMP "interactome" in rat heart ventricular tissue enabled the specific pull-down of known cAMP/cGMP binding proteins such as cAMP and cGMP dependent protein kinases PKA and PKG, several phosphodiesterases and 6 AKAPs, that interact with PKA. Among the latter class of proteins was the highly abundant sphingosine kinase type1-interating protein (SKIP), recently proposed to be a potential AKAP. Further bioinformatics analysis endorses that SKIP is indeed a genuine PKA interacting protein, which is highly abundant in heart ventricular tissue.
Fluid dynamics of the resonance tube (1970)

Using a simplified wave-diagram and the gas-speed/sound-speed diagram, it is shown how the oscillations start and grow within a resonance tube. It is found that the oscillation amplitude tends to a limiting value which is obtained when the jet is fully swallowed by the tube during the phase of compression of the cycle. Experiments are carried out for jet Mach numbers from 0·1 up to 2. To achieve an adequate evacuation of the tube in the expansion phase, a thin cylindrical body must be used, which is laid along the axis of the jet to produce a wake and a correlative local deficiency of the kinetic energy of the jet. Measured amplitudes of pressure fluctuations are in good agreement with theoretical values.
A process-induced-frequency-drift resilient 32 kHz MEMS resonator (2012)

This paper applies a frequency-drift resilient method for a 32 768 Hz lateral capacitive microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator design to make its resonant frequency insensitive to process-induced variation. The basic idea of the method is to synthesize the design of the supported springs and the releasing holes in the proof mass so that process-induced effective spring constant variation is approximately balanced by effective mass variation, and thus to keep their ratio and determined resonant frequency approximately unchanged. The 32 768 Hz MEMS resonator has been fabricated based on 30 µm silicon-on-insulator wafer for real-time clock application. The related testing results of more than 100 working devices from two different wafers show that the resonant frequencies are in the range of 32 102 ± 25 Hz and obey basically the normal distribution, and the drift from the designed value is less than 2.1%. The method is expected to significantly improve the reliability and fabrication yield of MEMS resonator, and can also be extended to other vibrating MEMS devices.
Out-of-Plane Analysis (2001)

Abstract This article discusses the methods of analyzing the directional dependence of the mechanical properties of composites, especially those perpendicular to the major plane of the laminate. It provides a description of the common indirect load cases and direct out-of-plane load cases. The article concludes with a discussion on composite materials that are reinforced in the z-direction (also known as three-dimensional, or 3-D composites).
Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte and antibody responses to enhanced green fluorescent protein following transplantation of transduced CD34+ hematopoietic cells (2001)

Genetic modification of hematopoietic stem cells often results in the expression of foreign proteins in pluripotent progenitor cells and their progeny. However, the potential for products of foreign genes introduced into hematopoietic stem cells to induce host immune responses is not well understood. Gene marking and induction of immune responses to enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) were examined in rhesus macaques that underwent nonmyeloablative irradiation followed by infusions of CD34(+) bone marrow cells transduced with a retroviral vector expressing eGFP. CD34(+) cells were obtained from untreated animals or from animals treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone or G-CSF and recombinant human stem cell factor. Levels of eGFP-expressing cells detected by flow cytometry peaked at 0.1% to 0.5% of all leukocytes 1 to 4 weeks after transplantation. Proviral DNA was detected in 0% to 17% of bone marrow--derived colony-forming units at periods of 5 to 18 weeks after transplantation. However, 5 of 6 animals studied demonstrated a vigorous eGFP-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response that was associated with a loss of genetically modified cells in peripheral blood, as demonstrated by both flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction. The eGFP-specific CTL responses were MHC-restricted, mediated by CD8(+) lymphocytes, and directed against multiple epitopes. eGFP-specific CTLs were able to efficiently lyse autologous CD34(+) cells expressing eGFP. Antibody responses to eGFP were detected in 3 of 6 animals. These data document the potential for foreign proteins expressed in CD34(+) hematopoietic cells and their progeny to induce antibody and CTL responses in the setting of a clinically applicable transplantation protocol. (Blood. 2001;97:1951-1959)
Input impedance and radiation pattern of cylindrical-rectangular and wraparound microstrip antennas (1990)

The radiation from a cylindrical microstrip antenna excited by a probe is analyzed. Both the cylindrical-rectangular and the wraparound elements are discussed. The current distribution on the patch is rigorously formulated using a cylindrically stratified medium approach. A set of vector integral equations is derived which governs the current distribution on the patch. The set of equations is then solved using a moment method. The input impedance and the radiation pattern are derived both exactly and in the small substrate thickness limit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tocole mit Methoxygruppen (1949)

Abstract Es wurden ein Monomethoxytocol, ein Monomethyl‐methoxytocol und das 5,7‐Dimethyl‐8‐methoxy‐tocol synthetisiert, ihre Acetate und Allophanate dargestellt und die Acetate auf Vitamin‐E‐Wirkung geprüft. Nur 5,7‐Dimethyl‐8‐methoxy‐tocol‐acetat besass in Dosen von 60 mg volle Vitamin‐E‐Wirkung.