gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed energy storage for mitigation of voltage-rise impact caused by rooftop solar PV (2012)

A high penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) resources into distribution networks may create voltage rise problem when the generation from PV resources substantially exceeds the load demand. To reduce the voltage rise, the excess amount of power from the solar PV units needs to be reduced. In this paper, distributed storage systems are proposed for the mitigation of voltage rise problem. The surplus energy from the solar PV is used to charge the distributed storage units during midday, when the power from the solar PV would be typically higher than the load level. This stored energy is then used to reduce the peak load in the evening. An intelligent strategy for charging and discharging control to make effective use of the storage capacity is discussed. The proposed voltage rise mitigation strategy is verified on a practical low voltage distribution feeder in Australia.
Influence of Space Charge on the Potential Distribution in Mass Spectrometer Ion Sources (1955)

The role of space charge as a factor influencing the potentials and potential gradients in a mass spectrometer ion source of the electron bombardment type is calculated. Planar equipotential surfaces are assumed, and the analysis then becomes that of a plane parallel positive ion diode. The ``cathode'' of the ion diode may be either emission-limited or space-charged-limited. The analysis considers the charge of the electrons in the ionizing sheet and the charge of the positive ions in the diode. At a critical gas pressure the influences of the positive and negative charges on the potential of the ionizing region are equal and opposite, for small ionizing current. This concept leads to a pressure normalization in terms of the critical pressure. For a given source geometry and electron bombarding energy one can construct universal curves which give the potentials and the potential gradients as a function of the normalized gas pressure and the ratio of the ionizing electron current density to the repeller voltage. Experimental data are in agreement with the predictions of the theory.
The Study on Sensor based Service Model of Traffic Facilities (2008)

The purpose of this study is to provide a sensor based service model for traffic facilities in u-City through analysing the present condition of urban infrastructure, especially traffic facilities management. In order to achieve this purpose, we did a comparative analysis of internal and external situation of ITS(Intelligent Transport System) and classified service for traffic facilities to 3 categories, namely traffic flow management, traffic information offering, formation of road structure. Also, we examined technological trend of USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network). Through this process, we present a sensor based service model of traffic facilities for building sustainable road environment.
A field camera for MR sequence monitoring and system analysis (2015)

A flexible and versatile monitoring system is presented, delivering camera-like access to otherwise hardly accessible field dynamics with nanotesla resolution. Its stand-alone nature enables field analysis even during unknown MR system states.
증례 : 여자 외음부에 발생한 연성섬유종 ( soft fibroma ) 1예 (1993)

We report a case of soft fibroma occured in a 27-year-old female. The lesion was multiple, pea-to walnut-sized, baglike, pedunculated growth on the vulva. The histopathologic findings of excisional biopsy specimen evaled a slightly t.hinned epidermis and loosely arranged collagen fibers in the dermis. (Kor J Dermetol 1993; 31 (2): 269-271)
<i>sqv-3</i> , <i>-7</i> , and - <i>8</i> , a set of genes affecting morphogenesis in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> , encode enzymes required for glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis (2000)

sqv (squashed vulva) genes comprise a set of eight independent loci in Caenorhabditis elegans required zygotically for the invagination of vulval epithelial cells and maternally for normal oocyte formation and embryogenesis. Sequencing of sqv-3, sqv-7, and sqv-8 suggested a role for the encoded proteins in glycolipid or glycoprotein biosynthesis. Using a combination of in vitro analysis of SQV enzymatic activities, sqv(+)-mediated rescue of vertebrate cell lines, and biochemical characterization of sqv mutants, we show that sqv-3, -7, and -8 all affect the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans and therefore compromise the function of one specific class of glycoconjugates, proteoglycans. These findings establish the importance of proteoglycans and their associated glycosaminoglycans in epithelial morphogenesis and patterning during C. elegans development.
Recovery of orbital fat pad prolapsus and deepening of the lid sulcus from topical bimatoprost therapy: 2 case reports and review of the literature (2010)

Clinicians and patients should be aware of these possible effects of topical bimatoprost therapy. These adverse effects may not be completely reversible after discontinuation of the medication.
High Speed CT Image Reconstruction Using FPGA (2011)

High Speed CT Image Reconstruction using FPGA ABSTACT Tomographic image reconstruction methods suffer from time consuming back projection steps due to large computation. This drawback can be minimized by its hardware implementation on FPGA to provide high speed image reconstruction. This paper presents the reconfigurable design of filtered backprojection (FBP) for parallel beam CT. The proposed design has been implemented by efficiently utilizing the embedded multipliers and LUTs of target FPGA device. The design has been developed using MATLAB and synthesized with Xilinx synthesis tool (XST) and implemented on Virtex 2 Pro based xc2vp30-7ff896 target device. The results show that the proposed design can operate at a maximum frequency of 144.744 MHz to provide high speed solution for image processing applications.
Multiple frequency dielectrophoresis (2007)

A novel method of modeling multiple frequency dielectrophoresis (MFDEP) is introduced based on the concept of an effective Clausius-Mossotti factor, CM(eff), for a particle that is exposed to electrical fields of different frequencies, coming either from one or multiple pairs of electrodes. This analysis clearly illustrates how adding frequencies adds control parameters, up to two additional parameters per frequency. As a result, MFDEP can be used for a wide variety of applications, including separating particles with very similar Clausius-Mossotti spectra, trapping multiple groups of cells simultaneously, and cancelling unwanted dielectrophoretic traps. Illustrating the modeling approach, we determine the CM(eff)s for live and dead yeast cells, and then predict their equilibrium distribution on a three-electrode configuration, with two electrodes at different frequencies and the third electrode at ground. This prediction is validated experimentally, using MFDEP to selectively attract live cells to one location and dead cells to another, trapping both. These results demonstrate that the use of multiple frequencies for the manipulation of particles can enhance the performance of dielectrophoretic devices, not only for sorting, but also for such applications as patterning cells in close proximity for the formation of cell consortia.
Kinetics of liquid phase synthesis of methyl tert‐butyl ether from tert‐butyl alcohol and methanol catalyzed by ion exchange resin (1993)

Abstract Synthesis of methyl tert‐butyl ether (abbreviated as MTBE) from methanol (MeOH) and tert‐butyl alcohol (TBA) in the liquid phase was studied by using Amberlyst 15 in the H + form as an acid catalyst. Experiments were carried out in a stirred batch reactor at different temperatures (313, 318, and 323 K) under atmospheric pressure. It was found that catalyst sizes and rotation speeds had no significant effects on reaction rates. Mechanism studies showed that three reactions took place simultaneously. It was also found that dehydration of TBA could not be neglected. The experimental concentration profiles with time could be simulated well by simple kinetics. Finally, rate constants could be expressed by Arrhenius equations. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
FXR-activating ligands inhibit rabbit ASBT expression via FXR-SHP-FTF cascade (2004)

The regulation of the rabbit apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) was studied both in vivo and in vitro. New Zealand White rabbits were fed 0.5% deoxycholic acid (DCA) or SC-435, a competitive ASBT inhibitor, for 1 wk. In DCA-fed rabbits, ASBT expression was repressed, associated with activated FXR, and evidenced by increased ileal short heterodimer partner (SHP) mRNA. Feeding SC-435 to the rabbits blocked bile acid absorption, decreased SHP mRNA, and increased ASBT expression. A 1.9-kb rabbit ASBT 5'-flanking region (promoter) was cloned, and a cis-acting element for alpha-fetoprotein transcription factor (FTF) was identified (-1166/-1158). The effects of transcriptional factors and different bile acids on the rabbit ASBT promoter were studied in Caco-2 cells. FTF stimulated the rabbit ASBT promoter activity fourfold but not after the FTF binding site was deleted from the promoter. Increasing the SHP protein notably inhibited FTF-dependent trans-activation of rabbit ASBT. Adding hydrophobic bile acids deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and cholic acid, activating ligands for FXR, inhibited rabbit ASBT promoter activity in Caco-2 cells, but this inhibitory effect was abolished after the FTF binding site was deleted. Ursodeoxycholic acid and ursocholic acid, nonactivating ligands for FXR, did not repress ASBT promoter activity. Thus the rabbit ASBT promoter is negative-feedback regulated by bile acids via a functional FTF binding site. Only FXR-activating ligands can downregulate rabbit ASBT expression through the regulatory cascade FXR-SHP-FTF.
Macro-mesoporous resorcinol–formaldehyde polymer resins as amorphous metal-free visible light photocatalysts (2015)

Macro–mesoporous resorcinol–formaldehyde (urea) resins have been demonstrated as a new family of metal-free visible light photocatalysts.
Utility Theory (1968)

Utility theory is interested in people's preferences or values and with assumptions about a person's preferences that enable them to be represented in numerically useful ways. The first two sections of this paper say more about what utility is, why people are interested in it, and how it is interpreted and used in the management and behavioral sciences. The third section summarizes a number of utility theories: it may be used either as a concluding overview of the range and variety of utility theories or as a bridge to the final sections. The final eight sections comprise a semi-technical survey of particular theories for readers interested in greater depth.
Prediction of Seasonal Trends in Cellular Dropped Call Probability (2006)

Several physical mechanisms that appear capable of producing seasonal variations in cellular dropped call occurrence frequency are identified and discussed. The ability of seasonal variations in atmospheric refractive index to affect cochannel interference levels is emphasized in particular, and a simple analytical model illustrating this possibility is derived. Radiosonde measurements from three northern and three southern hemisphere locations are used to provide input data to the model. At temperate latitudes, refractive index profiles favoring maximum dropped call probability in either hemisphere typically occur about 4 to 8 weeks following the local summer solstice. Further work is needed to determine whether or not the predicted seasonal trends actually do occur, and if so, whether the correct explanation for them has been found
Propagation properties in short lengths of rectangular epoxy waveguides (1992)

The propagation loss and beam spreading in large-core epoxy ridge waveguides on a glass substrate at wavelengths ranging from 630 to 1550 nm have been measured. At the intermediate wavelengths, a loss floor of 1.2 dB/cm is observed which is caused by inclusions and wall imperfections. The theoretical and experimentally determined equilibrium numerical aperture is 0.65 and 0.29 and the modal dispersion is 5.1 and 1.0 ps/cm, respectively. The discrepancy is due to strong scattering. The scattering does not give rise to any noticeable mode mixing. The epoxy waveguides also provide a rapid filling of the modes which is attractive for modal noise suppression.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
2A1-C04 Realtime Estimation and Visualization of Muscle Tensions by Parallel Computing of Inverse Kinematics and Inverse Dynamics (2009)

The motion analysis and the estimation of somatosensory information (including muscle tension) have been researched, and these techniques can be applied to assist the sport training and rehabilitation. For these applications, the realtime estimation and visualization of motion data and somatosensory information is necessary. The existing method is, however, computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to estimate the muscle tension and pipeline computation for that to estimate and visualize muscle tension in realtime using the optical motion capture system, electromyogram (EMG), dynamic muscle model, and dynamics computation. This system overlays a rendered musculoskeletal human model on top of the images from a standard video camera attached to the display, and the user feels as if seeing his/her muscles with tension information though the cloth and skin. The proposed method realize the estimation and visualization in 16 frame/sec, which is felt smoothly.
EFFECT OF THE EVAPORATION AND POWDERING PROCESSES ON THE IODINE-131 CONTENT OF MILK. (1964)

ABS>One of the first countermeasures against I/sup 131/ contamination of the environment recommended by the National Advisory Committee on Radiation is the placing of all young children, lactating mothers, and pregnant women on evaporated milk or powdered dry skim milk. This proposed countermeasure assumes an average transit time of at least 2 months for the milk to reach the consumer in order to allow for a decrease in I/sup 131/ activity due to radioactive decay. Results are reported from a limited investigation of the I/sup 131/ content in evaporated and powdered milk and the role played in the various processing steps on reduction of the I/sup 131/ content in milk. Results indicate that no I/sup 131/ was removed during the processing of evaporated milk, but some I/sup 131/ was removed during the processing of powdered milk. (C.H.)
Safety and Tolerability of Ultra-Rush Induction, Less than One Hour, of Sublingual Immunotherapy in Children (2005)

No severe adverse reactions were observed with this ultra-rush SLIT induction also in the paediatric age; statistical differences have been documented between the two different extracts.
Solar Hydrogen Generation by Nanoscale <i>p–n</i> Junction of <i>p</i>-type Molybdenum Disulfide/<i>n</i>-type Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide (2013)

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a promising candidate for solar hydrogen generation but it alone has negligible photocatalytic activity. In this work, 5-20 nm sized p-type MoS2 nanoplatelets are deposited on the n-type nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (n-rGO) nanosheets to form multiple nanoscale p-n junctions in each rGO nanosheet. The p-MoS2/n-rGO heterostructure shows significant photocatalytic activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the wavelength range from the ultraviolet light through the near-infrared light. The photoelectrochemical measurement shows that the p-MoS2/n-rGO junction greatly enhances the charge generation and suppresses the charge recombination, which is responsible for enhancement of solar hydrogen generation. The p-MoS2/n-rGO is an earth-abundant and environmentally benign photocatalyst for solar hydrogen generation.
A Quantum Probability Account of Order Effects in Inference (2011)

Order of information plays a crucial role in the process of updating beliefs across time. In fact, the presence of order effects makes a classical or Bayesian approach to inference difficult. As a result, the existing models of inference, such as the belief-adjustment model, merely provide an ad hoc explanation for these effects. We postulate a quantum inference model for order effects based on the axiomatic principles of quantum probability theory. The quantum inference model explains order effects by transforming a state vector with different sequences of operators for different orderings of information. We demonstrate this process by fitting the quantum model to data collected in a medical diagnostic task and a jury decision-making task. To further test the quantum inference model, a new jury decision-making experiment is developed. Using the results of this experiment, we compare the quantum inference model with two versions of the belief-adjustment model, the adding model and the averaging model. We show that both the quantum model and the adding model provide good fits to the data. To distinguish the quantum model from the adding model, we develop a new experiment involving extreme evidence. The results from this new experiment suggest that the adding model faces limitations when accounting for tasks involving extreme evidence, whereas the quantum inference model does not. Ultimately, we argue that the quantum model provides a more coherent account for order effects that was not possible before.
Physiological Synchrony as Manifested in Dyadic Interactions (2013)

Children with severe disabilities have limited ability to communicate with their environment. Understanding how and to what extent these children connect with the environment can be an insurmountable challenge for their caregivers. In this thesis we investigated the degree of interactions between a pair of individuals using their physiological signals. It was hypothesized that stronger social interaction induces greater physiological synchrony. We introduced a multivariate index of synchrony to relate various physiological correlations into the degree of social interaction. 18 able-bodied individuals participated in a study to measure the extent of synchrony between two intimate individuals vs. two strangers during conversation. Stronger correlation was detected for intimate participants in comparison with the strangers. The physiological alignment also increased as the dyad interacted more. A generalization of our method can be used for the study of children with disabilities to understand the degree of their non-verbal interaction with their social environment.
Shuffle Index (2015)

Data outsourcing and cloud computing have been emerging at an ever-growing rate as successful approaches for allowing users and companies to rely on external services for storing and managing data. As data and access to them are not under the control of the data owner, there is a clear need to provide proper confidentiality protection. Such requirements concern the confidentiality not only of the stored data (content) but also of the specific accesses (or patterns of them) that users make on such data. In this article, we address these issues and propose an approach for guaranteeing content, access, and pattern confidentiality in a data outsourcing scenario. The proposed solution is based on the definition of a shuffle index structure, which adapts traditional B +-trees and, by applying a combination of techniques (covers, caches, and shuffling), ensures confidentiality of the data and of queries over them, protecting each single access as well as sequences thereof. The proposed solution also supports update operations over the data, while making reads and writes not recognizable as such by the server. We show that the shuffle index exhibits a limited performance cost, thus resulting effectively usable in practice.
Fast Handoff among IEEE 802.11r Mobility Domains (2010)

This paper deals with secure fast handoff among access points (APs) of different IEEE 802.11r mobility domains. We leverage standard IEEE 802.11i mechanisms to let a station preauthenticate and establish a pairwise transient key with some target AP before- hand. Upon reassociation, the new AP aware of the preauthenticated station can thus com- plete handoff sooner than would otherwise be required. In order to resolve target APs timely, we introduce a location server that maintains network topology of an autonomous system covering multiple mobility domains. The location server assesses with which AP(s) the mobile station may reassociate next using its migration tendency. Accordingly the station is instructed to preauthenticate with fewer potential next APs than unnecessary. Performance discussions indicate that our proposal is effective in practice. Our approach is not only complementary to emerging IEEE 802.11r-based techniques but also useful to any network-layer fast handoff schemes for streamlined communication.
Identification of a DNA Aptamer That Binds to Human Monocytes and Macrophages (2020)

As cancer strategies shift toward immunotherapy, the need for new binding ligands to target and isolate specific immune cell populations has soared. Based on prior work identifying a peptide specific for murine M2-like macrophages, we sought to identify an aptamer that could bind human M2-like macrophages. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) adopt an M2-like phenotype and support tumor progression and dissemination. Here, we employed cell-SELEX to identify an aptamer ligand that targets this cell population over tissue resident (M0-like) or tumoricidal (M1-like) macrophages. Instead, we identified an aptamer that binds both human M0- and M2-like macrophages and monocytes, with highest binding affinity to M2-like macrophage (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub> ∼ 20 nM) and monocytes (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub> ∼ 45 nM) and minimal binding to other leukocytes. The aptamer binds to CD14<sup>+</sup> but not CD16<sup>+</sup> monocytes, and is rapidly internalized by these cells. We also demonstrate that this aptamer is able to bind human monocytes when both are administered <i>in vivo</i> to mice. Thus, binding to these cell populations (monocytes, M0-like and M2-like macrophages), this aptamer lends itself toward monocyte-specific applications, such as monocyte-targeted drug delivery or column selection.
Infrared polycrystalline waveguides made of silver halides (1986)

Single crystals of AgCl and AgBr and of their solid solution KRS-13 were grown. The lowest absorption was exhibited by the solid solution: it amounted to 6×10−5cm−1 at 10.6μ and 1.4×10−4cm−1 at 5–6μ. An investigation of the edges of many-phonon absorption yielded estimates of the minimum intrinsic optical losses, which were 10−1–10−2 dB/km at wavelengths in the range 5–10μ. Extrusion was used in the preparation of polycrystalline fiber waveguides from AgCl, AgBr, and KRS-13. The optical losses at 10.6μ in the waveguides made of AgCl (0.5 dB/m) and in KRS-13 (1.3 kB/m) were governed by the absorption, whereas in the AgBr waveguide (3.5 dB/m) they were governed by the scattering. A polycrystalline KRS-13 waveguide was prepared for the first time and it exhibited a high breaking strength (~150 MPa and a low minimum radius of elastic bending (~5 cm).