gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ligand-Based Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aminopyrimidines, a Novel Series of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Inhibitors (2012)

Using the approach of ligand-based drug design, we discovered a novel series of 4,6-disubstituted 2-aminopyrimidines as RAGE inhibitors. In transgenic mouse models of AD, one of the 4,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidine analogs, 59, significantly lowered the concentration of toxic soluble Aβ in the brain and improved cognitive function. SPR analysis confirmed the direct binding of 59 with RAGE, which should contribute to its biological activities via inhibition of the RAGE-Aβ interaction. We also predicted the binding mode of the 4,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidine analogs to the RAGE V-domain through flexible docking study.
Risk Factors of Infectious Complications following Ureteroscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019)

The prevalence of infectious complications following URS was correlated with female gender, diabetes mellitus, preoperative urine culture, pre- and postoperative stent insertion, and extended operative time. Publication bias and high heterogeneity were observed in some risk factors. Further studies are warranted for a valid conclusion.
Impacts of Halogen Additions on Mercury Oxidation, in A Slipstream Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR), Reactor When Burning Sub-Bituminous Coal (2007)

This paper presents a comparison of impacts of halogen species on the elemental mercury (Hg(0)) oxidation in a real coal-derived flue gas atmosphere. It is reported there is a higher percentage of Hg(0) in the flue gas when burning sub-bituminous coal (herein Powder River Basin (PRB) coal) and lignite, even with the use of selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The higher Hg(0)concentration in the flue gas makes it difficult to use the wet-FGD process for the mercury emission control in coal-fired utility boilers. Investigation of enhanced Hg(0) oxidation by addition of hydrogen halogens (HF, HCl, HBr, and HI) was conducted in a slipstream reactor with and without SCR catalysts when burning PRB coal. Two commercial SCR catalysts were evaluated. SCR catalyst no. 1 showed higher efficiencies of both NO reduction and Hg(0) oxidation than those of SCR catalyst no. 2. NH3 addition seemed to inhibit the Hg(0) oxidation, which indicated competitive processes between NH3 reduction and Hg(0) oxidation on the surface of SCR catalysts. The hydrogen halogens, in the order of impact on Hg(0) oxidation, were HBr, HI, and HCl or HF. Addition of HBr at approximately 3 ppm could achieve 80% Hg(0) oxidation. Addition of HI at approximately 5 ppm could achieve 40% Hg(0) oxidation. In comparison to the empty reactor, 40% Hg(0) oxidation could be achieved when HCl addition was up to 300 ppm. The enhanced Hg(0) oxidation by addition of HBr and HI seemed not to be correlated to the catalytic effects by both evaluated SCR catalysts. The effectiveness of conversion of hydrogen halogens to halogen molecules or interhalogens seemed to be attributed to their impacts on Hg(0) oxidation.
Cloning and sequencing of a serine proteinase gene from a thermophilic Bacillus species and its expression in Escherichia coli (1994)

The gene for a serine proteinase from a thermophilic Bacillus species was identified by PCR amplification, and the complete gene was cloned after identification and isolation of suitably sized restriction fragments from Southern blots by using the PCR product as a probe. Two additional, distinct PCR products, which were shown to have been derived from other serine proteinase genes present in the thermophilic Bacillus species, were also obtained. Sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of 1,206 bp, coding for a polypeptide of 401 amino acids. The polypeptide was determined to be an extracellular serine proteinase with a signal sequence and prosequence. The mature proteinase possessed homology to the subtilisin-like serine proteinases from a number of Bacillus species and had 61% homology to thermitase, a serine proteinase from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris. The gene was expressed in Escherichia coli in the expression vector pJLA602 and as a fusion with the alpha-peptide of the lacZ gene in the cloning vector pGEM5. A recombinant proteinase from the lacZ fusion plasmid was used to determine some characteristics of the enzyme, which showed a pH optimum of 8.5, a temperature optimum of 75 degrees C, and thermostabilities ranging from a half-life of 12.2 min at 90 degrees C to a half-life of 40.3 h at 75 degrees C. The enzyme was bound to a bacitracin column, and this method provided a simple, one-step method for producing the proteinase, purified to near homogeneity.
Evidence for H(+)-induced insertion of influenza hemagglutinin HA2 N-terminal segment into viral membrane (1994)

Fusion of influenza virus with target membranes is induced by acid and involves complex changes in the viral fusion protein hemagglutinin. At 0 degree C, in a first kinetically resolvable step, the hemagglutinin polypeptide 2 (HA2) N-terminal segment (fusion peptide) is exposed and inserts into the target membrane (Tsurudome, M., Glück, R., Graf, R., Falchetto, R., Schaller, U., and Brunner, J. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 20225-20232). We now report studies of the changes taking place at pH 5.0 and 37 degrees C, conditions that result in fusion or, in the absence of a target membrane, in inactivation of the virus' fusion capacity. To this end, we synthesized the new photosensitive phospholipid, 1-palmitoyl-2-[decanedioyl mono-[2-(125I)iodo-4-(3-trifluoromethyl-3H-diazirin-3-yl)-benzyl]e ster]- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (specific radioactivity, > 2000 Ci/mmol), and worked out a protocol to incorporate this lipid into the viral membrane. Subsequent photoactivation of the reagent resulted in selective labeling of the C-terminal portion of the HA2 polypeptide chain, in agreement with the membrane topology of hemagglutinin. When, however, prior to reagent activation, the viruses were exposed at pH 5.0, 37 degrees C, both the HA2 C-terminal and the N-terminal regions were labeled, suggesting that the HA2 N-terminal segment (fusion peptide) inserted into the viral membrane. Possible implications for fusion and virus inactivation are discussed.
Macrocyclic Hairpin Mimetics of the Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide Protegrin I: A New Family of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics (2002)

The problems associated with increasing antibiotic resistance have stimulated great interest in newly discovered families of naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptides. These include protegrin, tachyplesin, and RTD-1, which adopt beta-hairpin-like structures. We report here an approach to novel peptidomimetics based on these natural products. The mimetics were designed by transplanting the cationic and hydrophobic residues onto a beta-hairpin-inducing template, either a D-Pro-L-Pro dipeptide or a xanthene derivative. The mimetics have good antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (minimal inhibitory concentration approximately 6-25 microgram mL(-1)). Analogues with improved selectivity for microbial rather than red blood cells (1 % hemolysis at 100 microgram mL(-1)) were identified from a small library prepared by parallel synthesis. Thus, it is possible to separate the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities in this class of mimetics. NMR studies on one mimetic revealed a largely unordered structure in water, but a transition to a regular beta-hairpin backbone conformation in the presence of dodecylphosphocholine micelles. This family of mimetics may provide a starting point for the optimization of antimicrobial agents of potential clinical value in the fight against multiple-drug-resistant microorganisms.
Polymorphic-torus architecture for computer vision (1989)

A massively parallel fine-grained SIMD (single-instruction multi-data-stream) computer for machine vision computations is described. The architecture features a polymorphic-torus network which inserts an individually controllable switch into every node of the two-dimensional torus such that the network is dynamically reconfigurable to match the algorithm. Reconfiguration is accomplished by circuit switching and is achieved at fine-grained level. Using both the processor coordinate in the torus and the data for reconfiguration, the polymorphic-torus achieves solution time that is superior or equivalent to that of popular vision architectures such as mesh, tree, pyramid and hypercube for many vision algorithms discussed. Implementation of the architecture is given to illustrate its VLSI efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical Society of America's 2007 Topical Meeting on Optical Interference Coatings: overview (2008)

The Optical Society of America's Topical Meeting on Optical Interference Coatings convenes every three years to survey and capture advancements in the broad area of optical coatings. This meeting serves as a focal point for global technical interchange in the field of optical interference coatings. It includes papers on research, development, and applications of optical coatings, such as fundamental and theoretical contributions in the field as well as practical techniques and applications.
Über β‐(1,2,3‐Triazolyl‐4)‐acroleine. II. Darstellung von β‐(1‐Alkyl‐1,2,3‐triazolyl‐4)‐acroleinen durch einfache Pyridinringspaltung (1966)

Abstract Durch Quaternierung von 3‐Acetylamino‐pyridin sind N‐Alkyl‐3‐acetylamino‐pyridinium‐bromide zugänglich. Die daraus durch saure Verseifung erhaltenen N‐Alkyl‐3‐amino‐pyridiniumsalze liefern bei der Diazotierung β‐(1‐Alkyl‐1,2,3‐triazolyl‐4)‐acroleine.
Contact line stability at edges: Comments on Gibbs’s inequalities (1988)

In his discussion of contact line equilibrium for a system comprising two liquids and a solid, Gibbs [Scientific Papers (Dover, New York, 1961), Vol. 1, p. 326] used an argument that resulted in two inequalities he claimed to be applicable when the three-phase contact line coincides with an edge on the solid surface. A simple counterexample is given that shows Gibbs’s inequalities lack universal applicability. A serious objection to Gibbs’s argument is noted and his discussion is altered to remove the objectionable feature. This leads to modified inequalities, which surprisingly are known and have been attributed to Gibbs by recent authors.
Semisupervised domain adaptation for mixture model based classifiers (2012)

This paper introduces a method for mixture model-based classifier domain adaptation, wherein one has adequate labeled training data for one (source) domain, very scarce labeled data for another (target) domain, and where the discrepancy between the source and target domain class-conditional distributions is not “too great”. Starting from the source domain classifier parameters, the method maximizes the likelihood of target domain data, while constrained to agree as much as possible with the target domain label information. This is achieved via an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, where the joint distribution of the latent variables in the E-Step is parametrically constrained, in order to ensure space-partitioning implications are gleaned from the labeled target domain samples. Experiments on publicly available Internet packet-flow traffic data from different temporal and spatial domains demonstrate significant gains in classification performance compared to 1. direct porting of the source domain classifier; 2. semisupervised learning using only the target domain data; and 3. extension of an existing unsupervised domain adaptation method.
<title>Simultaneous strain and temperature sensing using an interferometrically interrogated fibre Bragg grating written in bowtie fibre</title> (1998)

In recent years, fibre Bragg gratings (FBG) have shown an enormous potential for strain sensing in smart structures and composite materials [1]. However, temperature sensitivity of FBG can lead to significant limitations in their practical application.
Stereocomplex Formation of Isotactic and Syndiotactic Poly(methyl methacrylate)s in Ionic Liquids Leading to Thermoreversible Ion Gels (2005)

We found that stereoregular isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (it-PMMA) (mm = 97%) and syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (st-PMMA) (rr = 90%) with a narrow molecular weight distribution form a stereocomplex in ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIPF6). The stereocomplex formation brought about the gelation of BMIPF6 and was fully thermoreversible accompanied by a sol−gel transition at around the melting point of the crystalline stereocomplex in BMIPF6 as evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy measurements of the gel. The effects of ionic liquids, the molar ratio of the it- and st-PMMAs, and the heating and cooling rates on the stereocomplex formation accompanied by gelation were also investigated. The fully thermoreversible gel in the ionic liquid with a high melting point (Tm = 175.0 °C) due to the unique stereocomplex formation may provide a new opportunity to fabricate advanced electrochemical devices.
Mesenchymal stromal cells prevent bleomycin‐induced lung and skin fibrosis in aged mice and restore wound healing (2017)

Fibrosis can develop in nearly any tissue leading to a wide range of chronic fibrotic diseases. However, current treatment options are limited. In this study, we utilized an established aged mouse model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis (BLM) to test our hypothesis that fibrosis may develop simultaneously in multiple organs by evaluating skin fibrosis and wound healing. Fibrosis was induced in lung in aged (18-22-month-old) C57BL/6 male mice by intratracheal BLM administration. Allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) or saline were injected intravenously 24 hr after BLM administration. Full thickness 8-mm punch wounds were performed 7 days later to study potential systemic anti-fibrotic and wound healing effects of intravenously delivered ASCs. Mice developed lung and skin fibrosis as well as delayed wound closure. Moreover, we observed similar changes in the expression of known pro-fibrotic factors in both lung and skin wound tissue, including miR-199 and protein expression of its corresponding target, caveolin-1, as well as phosphorylation of protein kinase B. Importantly, ASC-treated mice exhibited attenuation of BLM-induced lung and skin fibrosis and accelerated wound healing, suggesting that ASCs may prime injured tissues and prevent end-organ fibrosis.
A survey of consensus problems in multi-agent coordination (2005)

As a distributed solution to multi-agent coordination, consensus or agreement problems have been studied extensively in the literature. This paper provides a survey of consensus problems in multi-agent cooperative control with the goal of promoting research in this area. Theoretical results regarding consensus seeking under both time-invariant and dynamically changing information exchange topologies are summarized. Applications of consensus protocols to multiagent coordination are investigated. Future research directions and open problems are also proposed.
Response to Nocturnal Alarms Using a Real-Time Glucose Sensor (2005)

Subjects awoke to 29% of individual alarms and to 66% of alarm events. Subjects awoke during all alarm events when hypoglycemia was confirmed, but there was a high incidence of false alarms.
Attenuation of Posttraumatic Muscle Catabolism and Osteopenia by Long-Term Growth Hormone Therapy (2001)

Low-dose recombinant human growth hormone successfully abates muscle catabolism and osteopenia induced by severe burn.
Conjugating glucosamine to triptolide to enhance its protective effect against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and reduce its toxicity (2014)

TPG shows greater efficacy and lower toxicity than TP alone in mice and rats, suggesting that it merits further study in clinical trials as a potential next-generation treatment for immunological renal diseases.
Effect of Preinduction of Metallothionein on Tissue Distribution of Silver and Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation. (1993)

Silver ion causes a number of toxic effects, it decreases the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and glutathione peroxidase, and the peroxidation of membrane lipids. Silver ions complex strongly to sulfhydryl groups and the effects of preinduction of metallothionein, a sulfur-rich protein, on silver administration in rats were examined. The preinduction of metallothionein decreased the mortality of mice following silver administration. A major portion of the incorporated silver in the liver was bound to the basal membrane and cellular components, and the distribution of silver into cytosol was small. The preinduction of metallothionein decreased the amount of bound silver in the membrane and increased the distribution of silver in the cytosol; in addition, it depressed silver-induced lipid peroxidation in liver.
Sterols. LXXIII. Reactions of Digitogenin and Gitogenin (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSterols. LXXIII. Reactions of Digitogenin and GitogeninRussell E. Marker and Ewald. RohrmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 10, 2724–2726Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01265a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01265a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neutrophil-derived IL-1β Is Sufficient for Abscess Formation in Immunity against Staphylococcus aureus in Mice (2012)

Neutrophil abscess formation is critical in innate immunity against many pathogens. Here, the mechanism of neutrophil abscess formation was investigated using a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus cutaneous infection. Gene expression analysis and in vivo multispectral noninvasive imaging during the S. aureus infection revealed a strong functional and temporal association between neutrophil recruitment and IL-1β/IL-1R activation. Unexpectedly, neutrophils but not monocytes/macrophages or other MHCII-expressing antigen presenting cells were the predominant source of IL-1β at the site of infection. Furthermore, neutrophil-derived IL-1β was essential for host defense since adoptive transfer of IL-1β-expressing neutrophils was sufficient to restore the impaired neutrophil abscess formation in S. aureus-infected IL-1β-deficient mice. S. aureus-induced IL-1β production by neutrophils required TLR2, NOD2, FPR1 and the ASC/NLRP3 inflammasome in an α-toxin-dependent mechanism. Taken together, IL-1β and neutrophil abscess formation during an infection are functionally, temporally and spatially linked as a consequence of direct IL-1β production by neutrophils.
Ultrastructural localization of BHRF1: an Epstein-Barr virus gene product which has homology with bcl-2. (1994)

BHRF1 is an Epstein-Barr virus encoded protein which has a 38% sequence similarity with bcl-2 over the carboxyl portion. Like bcl-2, BHRF1 has been shown to suppress programmed cell death from apoptosis. Previously BHRF1 has been detected in mitochondrial, microsomal, and nuclear compartments by cell fractionation analysis. In this study we have used the technique of immunoelectron microscopy to define the ultrastructural distribution of the BHRF1 product in the EBV converted cell lines B95.8 and P3HR-1. The BHRF1 product was localized at the periphery of the mitochondria in a pattern similar to that of bcl-2 and by analogy with bcl-2 this is likely to be the functional destination. Sequence analysis of the BHRF1 protein disclosed similarity with the recently described bcl-2 homologues bcl-x (32%) and bax (34%) over the carboxyl portion, with several domains of complete identity. BHRF1 appears to be a member of a gene family involved in the regulation of programmed cell death. The identity between BHRF1 and bcl-2, an apparent shared ability to abrogate apoptosis, and the common ultrastructural localization is compelling and suggests that bcl-2 and BHRF1 are both functionally and mechanistically similar.
Aggressive test power reduction through test stimuli transformation (2004)

Excessive switching activity during shift cycles in scan-based cores imposes considerable test power challenges. To ensure rapid and reliable test of SOCs, we propose a scan chain modification methodology that transforms the stimuli to be inserted to the scan chain through logic gate insertion between scan cells, reducing scan chain transitions. We introduce a novel matrix band algebra to formulate the impact of scan chain modifications on test stimuli transformations. Based on this analysis, we develop algorithms for transforming a set of test vectors into power-optimal test stimuli through cost-effective scan chain modifications. Experimental results show that scan-in power reductions exceeding 90% for test vectors and 99.5% for test cubes can be attained by the proposed methodology.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Photomicrobicidal Cellulose Paper (2015)

Toward our goal of scalable, antimicrobial materials based on photodynamic inactivation, paper sheets comprised of photosensitizer-conjugated cellulose fibers were prepared using porphyrin and BODIPY photosensitizers, and characterized by spectroscopic (infrared, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, inductively coupled plasma optical emission) and physical (gel permeation chromatography, elemental, and thermal gravimetric analyses) methods. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-2913), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (ATCC-2320), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC-19606), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-9027), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC-2146). Our best results were achieved with a cationic porphyrin-paper conjugate, Por((+))-paper, with inactivation upon illumination (30 min, 65 ± 5 mW/cm(2), 400-700 nm) of all bacterial strains studied by 99.99+% (4 log units), regardless of taxonomic classification. Por((+))-paper also inactivated dengue-1 virus (>99.995%), influenza A (∼ 99.5%), and human adenovirus-5 (∼ 99%). These results demonstrate the potential of cellulose materials to serve as scalable scaffolds for anti-infective or self-sterilizing materials against both bacteria and viruses when employing a photodynamic inactivation mode of action.
'The future': GSM-features versus the cost (cellular radio) (1990)

Discusses the development of cellular radio in the UK. By mid 1991 one will see the start of two digital cellular services and in 1992 the start of three new personal communication networks (PCNs). The most significant fact is that all five of these networks will most probably be based on a common standard-the Groupe Speciale Mobile (GSM)-and this will be adopted throughout Europe. Having one standard in itself should bring prices down because for the first time both infrastructure and terminal manufacturers really will have a mass market in which to sell. So even without any other consideration there will inevitably be some price benefits emerging from the sheer economies of scale. >