gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on Incidence of Needle Stick Injury and Factors Associated with this Problem among Medical Students (2003)

Medical students face the threat of needle stick injury with the consequent risk of acquiring blood-borne infection by pathogens such as HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C while performing their clinical activities in the hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 final year medical students from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), University Malaya (UM) and Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The aims of the study were to determine the incidence of cases and episodes of needle stick injury among them in the past year. This study was also done to find out the factors that might be associated with the occurrence of this problem. The factors were sociodemographic factors, duration of exposure, level of knowledge of blood-borne diseases and Universal Precaution, perception of risk of blood-borne diseases and level of practice of Universal Precaution. The incidence of needle stick injury among medical students was 14.1% (59 cases). The total number of episodes of needle stick injury was 87 and the incidence of episodes among respondents was high i.e. 20.9%. The highest incidence of episodes of needle stick injury occurred in Obstetric & Gynaecology postings, followed by Medicine and Surgery. For clinical procedures, venepuncture had the highest incidence followed by setting up drips and giving parenteral injections. The results showed the students who had needle stick injury (cases) had lower scores in the practice of Universal Precautions than non-cases (p<0.05). There was a significant association between the level of practice of Universal Precautions and the number of episodes of needle stick injury, i.e. the higher the score for the practice of Universal Precautions, the lower the number of episodes (beta=-2.03 x 10(-2), p<0.05). This study showed that medical students are at risk of needle stick injury and blood-borne infections during their clinical activities while performing procedures on patients especially for those who were poor at practising Universal Precautions. Therefore some preventive measures should be taken by the management of the universities and medical students to avoid the occurrence of these problems.
On a Sodium Nitrate Polarization Plate of Scattering Type (1955)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Tasaburô Yamaguti, "On a Sodium Nitrate Polarization Plate of Scattering Type," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 891_1-892 (1955) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Behavior-Constrained Support Vector Machines for fMRI Data Analysis (2010)

Statistical learning methods are emerging as a valuable tool for decoding information from neural imaging data. The noisy signal and the limited number of training patterns that are typically recorded from functional brain imaging experiments pose a challenge for the application of statistical learning methods in the analysis of brain data. To overcome this difficulty, we propose using prior knowledge based on the behavioral performance of human observers to enhance the training of support vector machines (SVMs). We collect behavioral responses from human observers performing a categorization task during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. We use the psychometric function generated based on the observers behavioral choices as a distance constraint for training an SVM. We call this method behavior-constrained SVM (BCSVM). Our findings confirm that BCSVM outperforms SVM consistently.
Position Paper: Touch Interaction in Scientific Visualization (2011)

Direct-touch interaction is receiving an increasing amount of attention in the HCI domain and has recently been applied to some problems in information visualization. However, the field of scientific visualization has not seen much work on how direct-touch interaction could benefit the interactive visualization process. One reason may be that scientific visualization typically deals with datasets that are defined in 3D space, while touch input is two-dimensional. Therefore, to control scientific datasets in interactive visualizations one has to define intuitive mappings from 2D input to 3D manipulations for a variety of data types and exploration techniques. In this position paper we discuss some of the challenges of using direct-touch interaction in the field of scientific visualization that arise from the specific constraints of scientific visualization and argue for the development of integrated techniques to overcome these problems. Keywords: Direct-touch interaction, scientific visualization.
Passive testing and applications to network management (2002)

An important aspect of network management is fault management-determining, locating, isolating and correcting faults in the network. The paper deals with the algorithms for detecting faults, i.e., behavior of the network different from specifications. It is important for communication networks to detect faults "in-process" i.e., while the network is in its normal operation. Thus, we detect faults by examining the input-output behavior without forcing the system to specialized inputs explicitly for testing. Such testing is commonly called passive testing. We model the network as a finite state machine and develop procedures for passive testing including the required data structure, efficient implementations and the complexity of our procedures. We start with fully observable and deterministic machines and then study more realistic models: partially observable and nondeterministic machines. We also discuss extensions to communicating finite state machines and machines extended with parameters and variables. We apply our techniques to management of a signaling network operating under the Signaling System 7 (SS7) and report experimental results, which show the feasibility of applying passive testing to practical systems.
Copper-catalyzed click reaction on/in live cells (2016)

We demonstrated that copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction could be performed inside live mammalian cells without using a chelating azide. Under optimized conditions, the reaction was performed in human ovary cancer cell line OVCAR5 in which newly synthesized proteins were metabolically modified with homopropargylglycine (HPG). This model system allowed us to estimate the efficiency of the reaction on the cell membranes and in the cytosol using mass spectrometry. We found that the reaction was greatly promoted by a <i>tris</i>(triazolylmethyl)amine Cu<sup>I</sup> ligand tethering a cell-penetrating peptide. Uptake of the ligand, copper, and a biotin-tagged azide in the cells was determined to be 69 ± 2, 163 ± 3 and 1.3 ± 0.1 µM, respectively. After 10 minutes of reaction, the product yields on the membrane and cytosolic proteins were higher than 18% and 0.8%, respectively, while 75% cells remained viable. By reducing the biothiols in the system by scraping or treatment with <i>N</i>-ethylmalemide, the reaction yield on the cytosolic proteins was greatly improved to ~9% and ~14%, respectively, while the yield on the membrane proteins remained unchanged. The results indicate that out of many possibilities, deactivation of the current copper catalysts by biothiols is the major reason for the low yield of CuAAC reaction in the cytosol. Overall, we have improved the efficiency for CuAAC reaction on live cells by 3-fold. Despite the low yielding inside live cells, the products that strongly bind to the intracellular targets can be detected by mass spectrometry. Hence, the <i>in situ</i> CuAAC reaction can be potentially used for screening of cell-specific enzyme inhibitors or biomarkers containing 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles.
The diterpenes of <i>Dacrydium kirkii</i> . A synthesis of Labdane-7α,13-diol (1972)

The tetrahydro derivative of the naturally occurring diterpene, 7a-hydroxy-manool, has been synthesized using allylic bromination and allylic acetoxylation methods. The structures of other reaction products were elucidated.
(1<i>R</i>*,2<i>R</i>*)-1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-dimethylamino-1-(3-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(1-naphthyl)butan-2-ol (2010)

In the title compound, C(33)H(32)ClNO(2), the benzene ring is oriented at dihedral angles of 6.23 (5) and 66.44 (5)° with respect to the two naphthalene ring systems. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond between the hydr-oxy H atom and the amine N atom generates an S(6) ring.
Optically nonlinear polymeric switches and modulators (1990)

Side chain polyrrers containing hyperpolarizable noieties as the periant groups have been applied as optically ncrilinear traterials to produce polyxreric integrat1 electro-optical devices . Phase nixiulators, intisity nixiulators (1ch-Zebzx1er interferaiters) aixi optical 2*2 sce switches ( 2*2 directixa1 nixie couplers) have been uncle . Driving voltages as 1ci as 2 Volts (V ) have been obtain1 for a 24 nm active 1gth çkmse ncdulator; 4.4 Volts (V ) for a 14 inn active 1angthch-Zebrx1er interferarter, ath 9 Volts for a 14 nm active length directionI node ccupler. Intisity nixiulation ratios of about -23 dB atti -17 dB have been derived for the intensity nixiulator atd nixie ccxipling switch, respectively. The device properties , theni.l arxi electrical stabilities , etc. will be discussed. The results obtained shcw that optically txnlinear polyiTers are attractive caixlidates for the realizaticzi of polyireric integrated electro-optical devices. In additicn, several passive veguiding devices have beai nnde.
Cultural and Organizational Factors in Human Resource Management in China and Japan (1994)

The focus of human resource management has shifted from traditional topics to concepts such as globalization and international strategy. Management styles of Chinese‐Japanese and Chinese‐foreign joint ventures have been important areas of HRM research. Modern Chinese HRM practices and thinking are rooted in the cultural traditions of the country. Japanese cultural and geographical history has affected its business practices. Discusses Chinese and Japanese cultural characteristics in relation to business management and reviews the research literature. Presents the research study of Chinese‐Japanese joint venture management on which other articles by the same authors are based.
Telecom components for terahertz applications: LT InGaAs photoconductors for coherent detection close the gap (2007)

A THz system based on fibre connected compact InP-modules is proposed. The hereby missing key device, the photoconductor for coherent THz detection is developed. The functionality is demonstrated in a first THz experiment. (2 pages)
High-efficiency Propagation of Mature ‘Washington Navel’ Orange and Juvenile ‘Carrizo’ Citrange Using Axillary Shoot Proliferation (2016)

In vitro axillary shoot proliferation can be used to increase availability of citrus ( Citrus ) types in high demand, while limiting somaclonal variation. However, established protocols could be improved to increase efficiency. Therefore, this study investigated some factors [plant growth regulators (PGRs), basal media, and successive subculturing] which affect the in vitro axillary shoot proliferation of mature ‘Washington Navel’ orange ( Citrus sinensis ) and juvenile ‘Carrizo’ citrange ( C. sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata ). In ‘Washington Navel’ orange, maximum axillary shoot induction (66.9% explants producing axillary shoots with a mean of 2.45 shoots per explant) was obtained in Driver and Kuniyuki walnut (DKW) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg·L −1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 0.05 mg·L −1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) along with 1 mg·L −1 6-furfurylaminopurine [kinetin (kin)], whereas in ‘Carrizo’ citrange, axillary shoot production was greatest (82.6% and 87.5% of explants producing axillary shoots with a mean of 4.3 and 4.1 shoots per explant) at 1.0 or 2.0 mg·L −1 BA in DKW medium. The initial nodal propagules (with basal tissue remaining from removed shoots) were repeatedly subcultured for six times every 4 weeks onto DKW medium with the same levels of PGRs used for initial culturing. Woody plant medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), and DKW were also compared for rooting at quarter to full strength for salt components, all amended with 2.0 mg·L −1 indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 0.5 mg·L −1 NAA. MS at full strength provided the highest rooting in ‘Carrizo’ citrange (93%) and longest root length (58 mm), whereas half-strength MS provided the highest rooting in ‘Washington Navel’ orange (60% to 61%) and the longest roots (26 mm). Addition of 1 μ m spermidine to the rooting medium enhanced root length only for ‘Washington Navel’ orange on full-strength MS, but accelerated rooting for both cultivars on all media. The plantlets were successfully transferred to greenhouse conditions, exhibiting normal development, with high uniformity, and no evidence of somaclonal variation.
KThSb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>6</sub> and BaLaBi<sub>2</sub>Q<sub>6</sub> (Q = S, Se) Adopt a New Structure Type Stabilized with Dichalcogenide Groups (1997)

The quaternary isostructural compounds KThSb2Se6 and BaLaBi2Q6 (Q = S, Se) were prepared. The structure type contains dichalcogenide ions, Q22- (Q = S, Se). The coordination geometry around the Th/La atoms is best described as a tricapped trigonal prism. The Th/La atoms form one-dimensional infinite double chains parallel to the [100] direction. The dichalcogenide ligand plays an important role in the construction of this double chain bridging two single chains composed of ThSe6/LaS6 prisms.
Mechanisms of immune tolerance induction through the thymic expression of a peripheral tissue-specific protein (1995)

A major process through which the immune system becomes tolerant to self proteins involves the deletion of self reactive cells in the thymus. However, T cells reactive to peripheral tissue-specific proteins can escape this deletion and become tolerized in the periphery by a variety of mechanisms. We report here, contrary to expectation, that the pancreas-specific protein, elastase I, is also expressed at a low level in the thymus, and that this thymic expression contributes to tolerance induction. To study the mechanism of this tolerance induction, we utilized a double transgenic mouse model. In these mice the expression of a model protein, SV40 T antigen, is directed by the elastase I promoter and hence parallels elastase I expression in the pancreas and thymus. These mice were crossed with mice transgenic for a TCR specific for T antigen, so the majority of thymocytes and T cells in these mice express the transgene. In double transgenic mice we find that thymic expression of T antigen results in anergic thymocytes which also show a reduction of Th1 activity with no decrease in Th2 activity. These functional characteristics persist in peripheral T cells, but there is also a depletion in the number of T antigen reactive T cells in lymph nodes. Chimeras were constructed which directly demonstrated that the thymus is the site of tolerance induction and that the tolerizing element is thymic epithelium. We propose that the loss of Th1 activity as a consequence of the thymic epithelium being encountered by tissue-specific proteins results in the functional tolerization of CTL in vivo, despite the fact that CTL are fully functional in vitro. In this way autoimmune destruction is contained. Thymic expression of peripheral proteins may therefore be an additional way in which tolerance to peripheral proteins can be achieved.
Variational Inference for Adaptor Grammars (2018)

Adaptor grammars extend probabilistic context-free grammars to define prior distributions over trees with “rich get richer” dynamics. Inference for adaptor grammars seeks to find parse trees for raw text. This paper describes a variational inference algorithm for adaptor grammars, providing an alternative to Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. To derive this method, we develop a stick-breaking representation of adaptor grammars, a representation that enables us to define adaptor grammars with recursion. We report experimental results on a word segmentation task, showing that variational inference performs comparably to MCMC. Further, we show a significant speed-up when parallelizing the algorithm. Finally, we report promising results for a new application for adaptor grammars, dependency grammar induction.
LPE growth of Mn, Ni- and Al-substituted copper ferrite films (1980)

Single-crystalline Mn-, Ni-, and Al-substituted copper ferrite films are grown by the LPE method from a PbO-B2O3 flux on (111)-MgO substrates. Solid solutions between copper ferrite and Mn3O4, NiFe2O4, and CuAl2O4 are obtained. The segregation coefficients for Ni and Al are shown to be linearly dependent on the growth temperature. From domain-structure observations and from torque measurements it is concluded that a positive uniaxial anisotropy is present in the copper ferrite films. After stress relief at the deposition temperature a stress develops during cooling to room temperature due to a difference in thermal expansion coefficients of film and substrate. This stress is responsible for the observed anisotropy.
Improved composite-processed V3Ga through partial substitution of aluminum for gallium in the matrix (1975)

The effects of the partial substitution of aluminum for gallium in the matrix on the superconducting properties of composite-processed V3Ga have been investigated. At an aluminum concentration of 2–3% there is considerable increase in Jc and a slight increase in Hc2.
Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for a new era of optical communications (1996)

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers have revolutionized optical fiber communications. The amplifier's physical characteristics as well as its applications in multigigabit undersea fiber networks are reviewed.
CREAM-MAC: Cognitive Radio-EnAbled Multi-Channel MAC Protocol Over Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (2010)

As the novel and effective approach to improving the utilization of the precious radio spectrum, cognitive radio technology is the key to realize the dynamic spectrum access (DSA) networks, where the secondary (unlicensed) users can opportunistically utilize the unused licensed spectrum in a way that confines the level of interference to the range the primary (licensed) users can tolerate. However, there are many new challenges associated with cognitive-radio-based DSA networks, such as the multi-channel hidden terminal problem and the fact that the time-varying channel availability differs for different secondary users, in the medium access control (MAC) layer. To overcome these challenges, we propose an efficient Cognitive Radio-EnAbled Multi-channel MAC (CREAM-MAC) protocol, which integrates the cooperative sequential spectrum sensing at physical layer and the packet scheduling at MAC layer, over the wireless DSA networks. Under the proposed CREAM-MAC protocol, each secondary user is equipped with a cognitive radio-enabled transceiver and multiple channel sensors. Our cooperative sequential spectrum sensing scheme improves the accuracy of spectrum sensing and further protects the primary users. The proposed CREAM-MAC enables the secondary users to best utilize the unused frequency spectrum while avoiding the collisions among secondary users and between secondary users and primary users. We develop the Markov chain model and M/G <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Y</sup> /1 queueing model to rigorously study our proposed CREAM-MAC protocol for both the saturation networks and the non-saturation networks. We also conduct extensive simulations to validate our developed protocol and analytical models.
PMt: a tool to monitor performances in distributed systems (2002)

Continuous monitoring of a computer network performance is probably the only solution which allows prompt identification of anomalous functioning conditions and knowledge of parameters on which to base speedy, effective recovery interventions. A number of tools for performance management already exist, but their effectiveness is limited as they are essentially inserted inside owner network management solutions. In the paper we describe the realization of PMt, a platform for the development of performance management applications for the control and real-time management of a heterogeneous computer network. PMt imposes an object-oriented view of the distributed system, defines a performance management design methodology which adapts well to really distributed system management and provides the user with a set of tools and services to assist him both in the design of new performance management applications and in actual management of the whole system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Functional Implications of the Binding Mode of a Human Conformation-Dependent V2 Monoclonal Antibody against HIV (2014)

Correlate analysis of the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial suggested that the presence of antibodies to the second variable region (V2) of HIV-1 gp120 was responsible for the modest protection observed in the trial. V2 is a highly variable and immunogenic region, and structural information on its antigenic landscape will be important for rational design of an effective HIV-1 vaccine. Using X-ray crystallography, computational design tools, and mutagenesis assays, we carried out a detailed and systematic investigation of the epitope recognition of human V2 MAb 2158 and demonstrated that its epitope region overlaps the integrin binding site within V2. In addition, we propose a structure-based mechanism for mismatching of the isoleucine at position 181 and the increased vaccine efficacy seen in the RV144 vaccine trial.
Antigenemia in Recently Acquired Acute Toxoplasmosis (1980)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), designed to detect low concentrations of antigens of Toxoplasma gondii, was used to determine whether antigenemia is present in patients with recently acquired acute toxoplasmosis. The ELISA detected antigenemia in 15 (65.2%) of 23 sera from 22 patients with recently acquired acute toxoplasmosis. Antigenemia was not detected in sera from 28 normal (seronegative for antibodies to Toxoplasma) individuals or from 55 individuals chronically infected with T. gondii. Sera from 13 individuals who were not infected with Toxoplasma but who had circulating rheumatoid factor were positive with normal and Toxoplasma-infected rabbit IgG but not with the F(ab)2 fractions. Sera from each of the 15 patients in the acute phase of infection did react with the F(ab)2 fraction of Toxoplasma-infected rabbit IgG but not with the F(ab)2 fraction of normal rabbit IgG. In preliminary studies, toxoplasma antigens were also detected in amniotic fluid and cerebrospinal fluid of newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis.