gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic measurements and exercise testing to assess the development of tolerance against slow-release isosorbide dinitrate. (1983)

Hemodynamic measurements were carried out during exercise testing with floating catheterization in 12 male patients with multiple-vessel disease and stable angina pectoris after placebo, after acute treatment with 60 mg ISDN, and after 4 weeks treatment with 4 X 60 mg ISDN. The acute effects of ISDN at the maximal comparable workload were a 32% decrease in PAd, a 41% decrease in ST-segment depression, and a 35% increase in maximal workload. After 4 weeks therapy we found an attenuation of the efficacy of ISDN, with only a 12% decrease in PAd, a 33% decrease in ST-segment depression, and an 18% increase in maximal workload.
Continuous-wave electrically excited carbon monoxide laser operating on first overtone infrared bands: 2.5- to 4.0-microns kinetic modeling and design (2004)

The kinetic modeling and design of a carbon monoxide (CO) gas laser is presented. In contrast to the more widely known fundamental band CO laser, this laser is designed to operate on the first overtone bands, the Δν = 2 vibrational quantum transitions. Lasing on these bands is known to produce multi-line output at wavelengths from 2.5 microns to beyond 4.0 microns in the infrared. The present study is to develop a compact, wall-cooled CO overtone laser, that can develop average powers O[100 W]. A kinetic modeling code has been developed to guide the design, and to calculate both continuous wave (c.w.) and Q-switched performance. There are distinct advantages in Q-switched operation of this laser, which is potentially one of the few truly efficient lasers scalable to very high average powers.
Tight-binding potentials for transition metals and alloys (1993)

The parameters of many-body potentials for fcc and hcp transition metals, based on the second-moment approximation of a tight-binding Hamiltonian, have been systematically evaluated. The potential scheme, cast in analytical form, allows us to reproduce correctly the thermal behavior of transition metals making use of a small set of adjustable parameters. The large cutoff, which extends the range of the interactions up to the fifth-neighbor distance, ensures good quantitative agreement with the experimental data up to temperatures close to the melting point. The ability of the potentials to describe real systems has been checked by calculating point-defect properties, lattice dynamics, and finite-temperature behavior, and by comparing the results with other potential schemes. Application of this scheme to bcc transition metals has proved unsuccessful. Examples of derivation of many-body potentials for a few transition-metal alloys with cubic structure are also reported.
Cytotoxicity of sesquiterpene lactones. (1971)

Summary A number of naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones have been studied for cytotoxic activity against three different cell lines. The results obtained show that the most immediate and direct factor responsible for cytotoxicity of the compounds studied is the introduction of the O=C-C=CH2 system.
Selective area growth of In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns by molecular beam epitaxy on GaN-buffered Si(111): from ultraviolet to infrared emission (2013)

Selective area growth of In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns was performed on GaN-buffered Si(111) substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Undoped and Si-doped GaN buffer layers were first grown on Si(111) substrates, showing photoluminescence excitonic emission without traces of other low energy contributions, in particular, the yellow band. The GaN buffer surface roughness (between 10 and 14 nm, the rms value in a 10 × 10 μm(2) area) was low enough to allow the fabrication of a thin (7 nm thick) well defined Ti nanohole mask, for the selective area growth. Ordered In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns emitting from the ultraviolet (3.2 eV) to the infrared (0.78 eV) were obtained. The morphology and the emission efficiency of the In(Ga)N/GaN nanocolumns emitting at a given wavelength could be substantially improved by tuning the In/Ga and total III/N ratios. An estimated internal quantum efficiency of 36% was derived from photoluminescence data for green emitting nanocolumns.
N/sub 2/-driven LPG achieves miscibitity at high temperatures (1982)

Shows that miscibility can be achieved at very low pressures above the critical temperature of propane. One can calculate the critical pressure and temperature for a variety of fluids of practical interest in achieving miscibility between the miscible slug and driving gas when applying enhanced oil recovery programs. A study of the critical properties of normally available reservoir fluids indicates that one method of achieving miscibility at lower pressures, even at high reservoir temperatures, might be to use LPG slugs pushed by nitrogen. Table gives the oil recovery for different LPG slug sizes when operating at a reservoir pressure of 2,000 psig and a reservoir temperature of 250F. Diagram shows the approximate critical temperature loci for ternary systems made up of 3 components from the group nitrogen, methane, ethane, and propane. By finding the desired reservoir temperature and then estimating the critical pressure required, one may select compositions and operating pressures required to achieve critical slug-driving gas mixtures for use in enhanced oil recovery programs. When using CO/sub 2/ for miscibility, the miscibility pressure increases with temperature. Use of LPG slugs results in a substantial reduction in the pressure required for miscibility.
Genome-wide analysis of aberrant methylation in human breast cancer cells using methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation combined with high-throughput sequencing (2010)

This study provides the most comprehensive analysis to date of the methylome of human mammary cell lines and has produced novel insights into the mechanisms of methylome alteration during tumorigenesis and the interdependence between DNA methylome alterations and morphological changes.
High-Frequency Characteristics of Charge-Injection Transistor-Mode Operation in AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (1991)

An AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MISFET) was investigated both in FET- and charge-injection transistor (CHINT)-mode operation. It is demonstrated that a CHINT-mode operation and a large negative differential resistance as well as good FET characteristics can be obtained in MISFETs with a very thin gate barrier layer. Furthermore, the cutoff frequency in CHINT mode-operation was 32 GHz for a MISFET with a gate length of 1 µm. This is about twice as large as that obtained in FET-mode operation. The equivalent circuit analysis revealed that the output conductance and the source resistance play an important role in determining the cutoff frequency, in contrast to ordinary FETs. The intrinsic cutoff frequency ( R s =0) was as large as 57 GHz.
Sensors and actuators for prosthetic systems (2003)

Although mechanical components, packaging techniques, microprocessors, and application-specific integrated circuits for prosthesis control are available, there is a pressing need for sensors and actuators to complete the system. These devices not only have to be functional, they have to be small in size, consume small amounts of power, and be operable by nontechnical personnel including the patient. They should also have good long-term stability and reliability. Furthermore, they should have a fail-safe feature when damaged so that they will not emit toxic substances when overheated or burned to failure. The author summarizes microsensor and microactuator development for prosthetic systems, including electrodes (recording and stimulating); position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration sensors; force, touch, and pressure sensors; chemical and biosensors; pumps, valves, and controlled-resistance devices; and microactuators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Data cleaning in the process industries (2015)

Abstract In the past decades, process engineers are facing increasingly more data analytics challenges and having difficulties obtaining valuable information from a wealth of process variable data trends. The raw data of different formats stored in databases are not useful until they are cleaned and transformed. Generally, data cleaning consists of four steps: missing data imputation, outlier detection, noise removal, and time alignment and delay estimation. This paper discusses available data cleaning methods that can be used in data pre-processing and help overcome challenges of “Big Data”.
Targeting ALDHbright Human Carcinoma–Initiating Cells with ALDH1A1-Specific CD8+ T Cells (2011)

The results of this translational study strongly support the potential of ALDH1A1-based immunotherapy to selectively target CICs in human cancer.
Spectrophotometric determination of copper(I) and cobalt(II) with ferrozine (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectrophotometric determination of copper(I) and cobalt(II) with ferrozineS. K. Kundra, Mohan. Katyal, and R. P. SinghCite this: Anal. Chem. 1974, 46, 11, 1605–1606Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60347a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60347a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views728Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tracking the Daily Availability of Burn Beds for National Emergencies (2005)

Medical planning for Operation Iraqi Freedom included predictive models of expected number of burn casualties. In all but the best-case scenario, casualty estimates exceeded the capacity of the only Department of Defense burn center. Examination of existing federal-civilian disaster plans for military hospital augmentation revealed that bed availability data were neither timely nor accurate. Recognizing the need for accurate knowledge of burn bed availability, the Department of Defense requested assistance from the American Burn Association (ABA). Directors of burn centers in the United States were queried for interest in participation in a mass casualty plan to provide overflow burn bed capacity. A list of 70 participating burn centers was devised based upon proximity to planned military embarkation points. A computer tracking program was developed. Daily automated e-mail messages requesting bed status were sent to burn center directors at 6 am Central time with responses requested before 11 am. The collated list of national overflow burn bed capacity was e-mailed each day to the ABA Central Office and to federal and military agencies involved with burn patient triage and transportation. Once automated, this task required only 1-2 hours a day. Available burn-bed lists were generated daily between March 17 and May 2, 2003 and then every other day until May 9, 2003. A total of 2151 responses were received (mean, 43 burn centers per day). A system to track daily nationwide burn bed availability was successfully implemented. Although intended for military conflict, this system is equally applicable to civilian mass casualty situations. We advocate adoption of this or a similar bed tracking system by the ABA for use during burn mass casualty incidents.
Induction of Cellulase by Gentiobiose and Its Sulfur-Containing Analog in <i>Penicillium purpurogenum</i> (1992)

Cellulase induction by beta-glucodisaccharides was investigated by using non-cellulase-induced mycelia of Penicillium purpurogenum P-26, a highly-cellulase-producing fungus. Gentiobiose induced significant amounts of cellulase compared with cellobiose when nojirimycin was added to the induction medium to inhibit extracellular beta-glucosidase activity. Thiogentiobiose (6-S-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-6-thio-d-glucose), a sulfur-containing analog of gentiobiose, was more effective for cellulase induction than gentiobiose even in the absence of nojirimycin. Thiogentiobiose appeared to be a gratuitous inducer since it was not metabolized during cellulase induction. Gentiobiose was formed from cellobiose by the intracellular beta-glucosidase of P. purpurogenum. These findings indicate that gentiobiose is an active inducer of cellulase for this fungus and may possibly be formed by intracellular beta-glucosidase from cellobiose.
Adaptive network for optimal linear feature extraction (1989)

A network of highly interconnected linear neuron-like processing units and a simple, local, unsupervised rule for the modification of connection strengths between these units are proposed. After training the network on a high (m) dimensional distribution of input vectors, the lower (n) dimensional output will be a projection into the subspace of the n largest principal components (the subspace spanned by the n eigenvectors of the largest eigenvalues of the input covariance matrix) and maximize the mutual information between the input and the output in the same way as principal component analysis does. The purely local nature of the synaptic modification rule (simple Hebbian and anti-Hebbian) makes the implementation of the network easier, faster, and biologically more plausible than rules depending on error propagation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Relationship Between Degree of Laxity and Synovial Fluid Volume in Coxofemoral Joints of Dogs Predisposed for Hip Dysplasia (1980)

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The nature of the abnormal laxity (instability) in coxofemoral joints of dogs with incipient hip dysplasia was investigated. The normal coxofemoral joint had a synovial fluid volume of about 0.21 ml and a ligamentum capitis femoris (ligament of head of femur) volume of 0.55 ml. These volumes were constant in joints of dogs from 15 weeks to 2 years of age; in dogs younger than 15 weeks, both volumes were smaller. Mean volumes of the synovial fluid and the ligamentum capitis femoris for normal joints from dogs predisposed for hip dysplasia were 0.19 ± 0.06 ml and 0.58 ± 0.08 ml. For joints (dogs age- and weight-matched) in the early stages of the disease, but without radiographic evidence of subluxation of femoral heads, the respective volumes were 0.50 ± 0.12 ml and 0.72 ± 0.13 ml. In joints with radiographically detectable mild subluxation of femoral heads, these volumes were 0.57 ± 0.19 ml and 0.84 ± 0.12 ml, and in joints with moderate-severe subluxation, 1.37 ± 0.81 ml and 0.99 ± 0.21 ml. Withdrawing various amounts of synovial fluid (0.2 to 2.1 ml) from excised, but intact, joints resulted in lessened joint laxity. Injection of silicone (2 ml) into excised joints resulted in an increased laxity. Withdrawal of synovial fluid from one severely subluxated joint in situ reduced the degree of subluxation. Results suggested that in young dogs genetically predisposed for hip dysplasia, increased joint laxity and subluxation of femoral heads were related to increased volume of fluid and ligament in the coxofemoral joint.
Elastic Switching Properties of Some Square Loop Materials in Toroidal Structures (1960)

Elastic switching properties of some square loop materials are presented and the concept of an elasticswitching constant Sw(r) is introduced. The plot of applied “turn over” field strength vs the inverse of the drive width indicates that the inelastic switching constant for a given material is four to five times greater than the elastic switching constant Sw(r). The “turn over” field strength is defined to be that value of field strength at which inelastic switching just starts and therefore is considered to be the upper limiting field strength for elastic switching. To a first-order approximation, the ratio of Sw(r) to Sw is shown to be equal to the percentage of the total flux capacity of the core that can be switched in an elastic mode of operation. Sw(r) values for Molybdenum Permalloy ranged from 0.0374 oe-μsec for 18-mil tapes to 0.0913 oe-μsec for 12-mil tape.
Mechanisms of cytochrome P450 and peroxidase‐catalyzed xenobiotic metabolism (1992)

The cytochrome P450 enzyme systems catalyze the metabolism of a wide variety of naturally occurring and foreign compounds by reactions requiring NADPH and O2. Cytochrome P450 also catalyzes peroxide-dependent hydroxylation of substrates in the absence of NADPH and O2. Peroxidases such as chloroperoxidase and horseradish peroxidase catalyze peroxide-dependent reactions similar to those catalyzed by cytochrome P450. The kinetic and chemical mechanisms of the NADPH and O2-supported dealkylation reactions catalyzed by P450 have been investigated and compared with those catalyzed by P450 and peroxidases when the reactions are supported by peroxides. Detailed kinetic studies demonstrated that chloroperoxidase- and horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed N-demethylations proceed by a Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism whereas P450-catalyzed O-dealkylations proceed by sequential mechanisms. Intramolecular isotope effect studies demonstrated that N-demethylations catalyzed by P450s and peroxidases proceed by different mechanisms. Most hemeproteins investigated catalyzed these reactions via abstraction of an alpha-carbon hydrogen whereas reactions catalyzed by P-450 and chloroperoxidase proceeded via an initial one-electron oxidation followed by alpha-carbon deprotonation. 18O-Labeling studies of the metabolism of NMC also demonstrated differences between the peroxidases and P450s. Because the hemeprotein prosthetic groups of P450, chloroperoxidase, and horseradish peroxidase are identical, the differences in the catalytic mechanisms result from differences in the environments provided by the proteins for the heme active site. It is suggested that the axial heme-iron thiolate moiety in P450 and chloroperoxidase may play a critical role in determining the mechanism of N-demethylation reactions catalyzed by these proteins.
Performance of customized control charts to detect process disturbances (2001)

Abstract In this paper we demonstrate the use of control charts based on orthogonal contrasts for a semiconductor manufacturing process. The statistical performance of individuals control charts based on these contrasts and their exponentially weighted moving average counterparts is compared to that of the traditional approach. Contrast‐based charts have superior detection capabilities than the traditional approach when targeted at specific process disturbances. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Relative Signalling Power of Dutch‐Auction and Fixed‐Price Self‐Tender Offers and Open‐Market Share Repurchases (1991)

ABSTRACT We compare three forms of common stock repurchases. Dutch‐auction self‐tender offers and open‐market share repurchase programs are weaker signals of stock undervaluation than fixed‐price self‐tender offers. The price increase from buyback announcements is greater when insider wealth is at risk, greater following negative net‐of‐market stock returns, and unrelated to prior market returns. Buyback announcement returns are also increasing in the fraction of shares sought, which is consistent with both signalling and an upward‐sloping supply curve for stock.
Projection Performance of Theatrical Motion-Picture Films Using Xenon Short-Arc Lamps (1983)

Excessive incident radiant energy can cause projection problems and film damage. This article reports the results of studies using the new xenon-arc lamps, which are capable of producing even higher levels of radiant energy than are carbon-arc lamps, when manufacturers' recommendations are not followed. Prolonged projection under these high-flux densities can lead to permanent color print scorching or emulsion layer separation. Black-and-white films will blister at even lower flux-density levels. The article describes the effect of xenon-arc lamp maladjustment on the radiant-flux densities and the projection problems and film damage that can result.
Employing the Structural Diversity of Nature: Development of Modular Dipeptide‐Analogue Ligands for Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones (2003)

A library of novel dipeptide-analogue ligands based on the combination of tert-butoxycarbonyl(N-Boc)-protected alpha-amino acids and chiral vicinal amino alcohols were prepared. These highly modular ligands were combined with [[RuCl(2)(p-cymene)](2)] and the resulting metal complexes were screened as catalysts for the enantioselective reduction of acetophenone under transfer hydrogenation conditions using 2-propanol as the hydrogen donor. Excellent enantioselectivity of 1-phenylethanol (up to 98 % ee) was achieved with several of the novel catalysts. Although most of the ligands contained two stereocenters, it was demonstrated that the absolute configuration of the product alcohol was determined by the configuration of the amino acid part of the ligand. Employing ligands based on L-amino acids generated S-configured products, and catalysts based on D-amino acids favored the formation of the R-configured alcohol. The combination N-Boc-L-alanine and (R)-phenylglycinol (Boc-L-Ab) or its enantiomer (N-Boc-D-alanine and (S)-phenylglycinol, Boc-D-Aa) proved to be the best ligands for the reduction process. Transfer hydrogenation of a number of aryl alkyl ketones were evaluated and excellent enantioselectivity, up to 96 % ee, was obtained.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Multi-AUV Adaptive Trajectory Planning for Under-Ice Field Estimation (2018)

This work studies online learning-based trajectory planning for multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to estimate a water parameter field of interest in the under-ice environment. A centralized system is considered, where several fixed access points on the ice layer are introduced as gateways for communications between the AUVs and a remote data fusion center. We model the water parameter field of interest as a Gaussian process with unknown hyper-parameters. The AUV trajectories for sampling are determined on an epoch-by-epoch basis. At the end of each epoch, the access points relay the observed field samples from all the AUVs to the fusion center, which computes the posterior distribution of the field based on the Gaussian process regression and estimates the field hyper-parameters. The optimal trajectories of all the AUVs in the next epoch are determined to maximize a long-term reward that is defined based on the field uncertainty reduction and the AUV mobility cost, subject to the kinematics constraint, the communication constraint and the sensing area constraint. We formulate the adaptive trajectory planning problem as a Markov decision process (MDP). A reinforcement learning-based online learning algorithm is designed to determine the optimal AUV trajectories in a constrained continuous space. Simulation results show that the proposed learning-based trajectory planning algorithm has performance similar to a benchmark method that assumes perfect knowledge of the field hyper-parameters.