gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Domain structure in lithium niobate single crystals (1972)

The growth of large single crystals of LiNbO3 by a special technique is described. The crystals show the presence of c and a ferroelectric domains, the polar axis being the c axis with respect to the hexagonal axes. Polishing, etching and microscope techniques were used to study the domains. The polar axes of adjacent a domains, which are the result of twinning on rhombohedral faces, were found to be inclined at nearly 35° to each other, the calculated angle being 35° 39minute.
Preparation and characterization of cobalt(II)-substituted rusticyanin (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and characterization of cobalt(II)-substituted rusticyaninCynthia Strong, S. Lynn Harrison, and Wesley ZegerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 3, 606–608Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00081a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00081a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Short-range magnetic order in two-dimensional cobalt-ferrite nanoparticle assemblies (2008)

Magnetic order in two-dimensional islands of spherical $21\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ cobalt-ferrite $(\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4})$ nanoparticles is studied by magnetic force microscopy and spectroscopy. Images obtained at a temperature of $105\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ clearly reveal the presence of repulsive and attractive areas on top of the islands. Monte Carlo simulations on hexagonal arrangements of nanoparticles have been carried out and are consistent with the experimental findings. The simulations show that the magnetization patterns are determined by a competition between interactions among the nanoparticle magnetic dipole moments and alignment of the individual moments along the easy axes of magnetization. At an elevated temperature of $500\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, it will be shown that dipole-dipole interactions lead to short-range ferromagnetic order, which fluctuates rapidly in time due to thermal excitations. Upon reduction of the temperature to $105\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, the dipole moments are forced toward the easy axes of magnetization, thereby increasing the amount of disorder.
MIMO receive algorithms (2001)

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<i>Essential ingredients</i> OF H<sub>2</sub>O (2004)

Maureen Warner explores the world of water, how our everyday lives are governed by it and how you can bring its wonders into your setting.
Consideration of Phase-to-Phase Surges in the Application of Capacitor Banks (1986)

The energization of capacitor banks can result in high phase-to-phase surges at locations in a power system other than the substation where the capacitor bank is being switched. The probability of obtaining high phase-to-phase surges is greater for ungrounded capacitor banks than for grounded banks. These surges are highest at a substation which is fed radially from the bus with the capacitor bank. The phlase-to-phase surges are a threat to the insulation of three-phase transformers in the radial substation. Plhase-to-ground surge arresters on the transformers are not very effective in protecting them from these surges because the surges are comprised of line-to-ground components which are approximately equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity. Therefore, the phase-to-phase surges could only be limited by arresters to two times the arrester protective level. Closing resistors in the switching device used to energize the capacitor banks are very effective in reducing the phase-to-phase surges.
BPR - A Tool for Managing the Change (2004)

The rapid diffusion of information technology into commercial arena has given rise to many organisational changes. The firms have to restructure and redefine their business strategies to cope up with these changes. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is a modern tool available for managing the changes. The current paper discuss the importance of BPR, its various important elements which are essential for success, different phases of BPR and its time frame for implementation of reengineering process.
Extended Nitric Oxide-Releasing Polyurethanes via <i>S</i>-Nitrosothiol-Modified Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (2019)

S-Nitrosothiol (RSNO)-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were doped into polyurethane (PU) to achieve extended NO-releasing coatings. Parameters influencing the synthesis of RSNO-functionalized nitric oxide (NO)-releasing MSNs were evaluated to elucidate the impact of pore structure on NO release characteristics. The porous particles were characterized as having larger NO payloads and longer NO release durations than those of nonporous particles, a feature attributed to the recombination of the NO radical in confined intraporous microenvironments. NO release kinetics, particle leaching, and thermal stability of the RSNO-modified MSNs dispersed in PU were evaluated as a function of PU structure to determine the feasibility of preparing a range of NO-releasing polymers for biomedical device-coating applications. The NO release kinetics from the PUs proved to be highly extended (>30 d) and consistent over a range of PU properties. Furthermore, RSNO-modified MSN leaching was not observed from the PUs. The NO release payloads were also maintained for 4 days for polymers stored at 0 °C.
Ten years after acquiring an HIV‐1 infection: a study in a cohort of eleven neonates infected by aliquots from a single plasma donation (1994)

We present data from a 10-year follow-up study of 11 children who had been infected in the neonatal period by small aliquots of plasma from a single donation. Three of the children died within the first 2.5 years of life, 5 other children died between 6.2 and 11 years after infection and 3 are alive at present. The latter children are classified as P1B (asymptomatic), P2A (non-specific findings) and P2B (neurological changes). All infected children showed progressive decline of cellular immunity. Immunoglobulin levels in serum were increased in the majority of children for prolonged periods and homogeneous immunoglobulin components were present. The severity of the disease was related neither to the clinical condition of the infants in the neonatal period nor to the volume of transfused plasma, the interval between freezing and thawing of the plasma, gestational age at birth and age at transfusion. Coinciding infections with other viruses had no impact on disease progression during the follow-up period of 10 years.
Highly sensitive, quantitative cell-based assay for prions adsorbed to solid surfaces (2009)

Prions are comprised principally of aggregates of a misfolded host protein and cause fatal transmissible neurodegenerative disorders of humans and animals, such as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Prions pose significant public health concerns, including contamination of blood products and surgical instruments; require laborious and often insensitive animal bioassay to detect; and resist conventional hospital sterilization methods. A major experimental advance was the cell culture-based scrapie cell assay, allowing prion titres to be estimated more precisely and an order of magnitude faster than by animal bioassays. Here we describe a bioassay method that exploits the marked binding affinity of prions to steel surfaces. Using steel wires as a concentrating and sensitization tool and combining with an adapted scrapie cell endpoint assay we can achieve, for mouse prions, a sensitivity 100x higher than that achieved in standard mouse bioassays. The rapidity and sensitivity of this assay offers a major advance over small animal bioassay in many aspects of prion research. In addition, its specific application in assay of metal-bound prions allows evaluation of novel prion decontamination methods.
AutoInt: Automatic Integration for Fast Neural Volume Rendering (2021)

Numerical integration is a foundational technique in scientific computing and is at the core of many computer vision applications. Among these applications, neural volume rendering has recently been proposed as a new paradigm for view synthesis, achieving photorealistic image quality. However, a fundamental obstacle to making these methods practical is the extreme computational and memory requirements caused by the required volume integrations along the rendered rays during training and inference. Millions of rays, each requiring hundreds of forward passes through a neural network are needed to approximate those integrations with Monte Carlo sampling. Here, we propose automatic integration, a new framework for learning efficient, closed-form solutions to integrals using coordinate-based neural networks. For training, we instantiate the computational graph corresponding to the derivative of the coordinate-based network. The graph is fitted to the signal to integrate. After optimization, we reassemble the graph to obtain a network that represents the antiderivative. By the fundamental theorem of calculus, this enables the calculation of any definite integral in two evaluations of the network. Applying this approach to neural rendering, we improve a tradeoff between rendering speed and image quality: improving render times by greater than 10× with a tradeoff of reduced image quality.
Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering (2007)

Since the publication of the bestselling first edition, there have been numerous advances in the field of nuclear science. In medicine, accelerator based teletherapy and electron-beam therapy have become standard. New demands in national security have stimulated major advances in nuclear instrumentation.An ideal introduction to the fundamentals of
A New Neutron Dose Equivalent Meter (2005)

The design and performance of a new neutron dose equivalent meter or ``rem meter`` are described. Key design elements include a 6.38-inch diameter polyethylene moderator sphere loaded with Tungsten Carbide powder to 5% tungsten by weight, and a 2-mil thick cadmium foil located at a radius of 5 cm. A detailed response function for the new rem meter (dubbed the Model 652) was derived over the neutron energy range from thermal to 20 MeV using Monte Carlo transport techniques. Compared with the standard Eberline NRD rem mete, the new design is about 1.5 kg lighter, and is 28% more sensitive per unit dose of Cf-252. It is shown that for a large variety of standard and operational neutron spectra, the model 652 rem meter provides a response accuracy of {plus_minus}15%.
ChemInform Abstract: Boron Trifluoride Etherate on Alumina‐A Modified Lewis Acid Reagent. Part 6. Synthesis of 2′‐(1‐Acetoxymethyl‐1‐cyclohexen‐3‐yl)‐5′‐ alkylresorcinol Diacetate Derivatives. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
PIN1 expression contributes to hepatic carcinogenesis (2006)

The phospho-Ser/Thr-Pro specific prolyl-isomerase PIN1 is over-expressed in more than 50% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). To investigate its potential oncogenicity, we over-expressed PIN1 in a non-transformed human liver cell line MIHA. This resulted in up-regulation of beta-catenin and cyclin D1, leading to anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice. To further validate the role of PIN1 in hepatocarcinogenesis, PIN was suppressed by RNA interference (siRNA) in the HCC cell line PLC/PRF/5. siRNA-PIN1 transfection of PLC/PRF/5 cells led to repression of PIN1 expression, resulting in decreased levels of beta-catenin and cyclin D1. siRNA-PIN1 transfectants showed lower cell proliferation rates, reduced colony formation, and retarded cell cycle progression, with an increase in cells residing in G0/G1. Furthermore, soft agar colony formation was depressed, and tumorigenicity in nude mice was abrogated. These findings implicate PIN1 expression as an important step in hepatic carcinogenesis.
Experiments on the effectiveness of dataflow- and control-flow-based test adequacy criteria (1994)

This paper reports an experimental study investigating the effectiveness of two code-based test adequacy criteria for identifying sets of test cases that detect faults. The all-edges and all-DUs (modified all-uses) coverage criteria were applied to 130 faulty program versions derived from seven moderate size base programs by seeding realistic faults. We generated several thousand test sets for each faulty program and examined the relationship between fault detection and coverage. Within the limited domain of our experiments, test sets achieving coverage levels over 90% usually showed significantly better fault detection than randomly chosen test sets of the same size. In addition, significant improvements in the effectiveness of coverage-based tests usually occurred as coverage increased from 90% to 100%. However the results also indicate that 100% code coverage alone is not a reliable indicator of the effectiveness of a test set. We also found that tests based respectively on control-flow and dataflow criteria are frequency complementary in their effectiveness. >
A Thematic Analysis of Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management (IJIKM) (2018)

Aim/Purpose: This study investigates the research profile of the papers published in Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management (IJIKM) to provide silhouette information of the journal for the editorial team, researchers, and the audience of the journal. Background: Information and knowledge management is an interdisciplinary subject. IJIKM defines intersections of multiple disciplinary research communities for the interdisciplinary subject. Methodology: A quantitative study of categorical content analysis was used for a thematic analysis of IJIKM. One hundred fifty nine (159) papers published since the inauguration of the journal in 2006 were coded and analyzed. Contribution: The study provides synopsized information about the interdisciplinary research profile of IJIKM, and adds value to the literature of information and knowledge management. Findings: The analysis reveals that IJIKM disseminates research papers with a wide range of research themes. Among the research themes, Organizational issues of knowledge/information management, Knowledge management systems/tools, Information/knowledge sharing, Technology for knowledge/information management, Information/knowledge application represent the five main research streams of IJIKM. The total number of papers on organizational issues of knowledge/information management increased from 16% to 28% during the past 6 years. Statistical method was the most common research methodology, and summarization was the most common research design applied in the papers of IJIKM. The paper also presents other patterns of participant countries, keywords frequencies, and reference citations. Recommendations for Practitioners: Innovation is the key to information and knowledge management. Practitioners of information and knowledge management can share best practices with external sectors. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can identify opportunities of cross-disciplinary research projects that involve experts in business, education, government, healthcare, technology, and psychology to advance knowledge in information and knowledge management. Impact on Society: Information and knowledge management is still a developing field, and readers of this paper can gain more understanding of the dissemination of the literature of information and knowledge management involved in all relevant disciplines. Future Research: A longitudinal study could follow up in the future to provide updated and comparative information of the research profile of the journal.
Chromatin as dynamic 10-nm fibers (2014)

Since Flemming described a nuclear substance in the nineteenth century and named it "chromatin," this substance has fascinated biologists. What is the structure of chromatin? DNA is wrapped around core histones, forming a nucleosome fiber (10-nm fiber). This fiber has long been assumed to fold into a 30-nm chromatin fiber and subsequently into helically folded larger fibers or radial loops. However, several recent studies, including our cryo-EM and X-ray scattering analyses, demonstrated that chromatin is composed of irregularly folded 10-nm fibers, without 30-nm chromatin fibers, in interphase chromatin and mitotic chromosomes. This irregular folding implies a chromatin state that is physically less constrained, which could be more dynamic compared with classical regular helical folding structures. Consistent with this, recently, we uncovered by single nucleosome imaging large nucleosome fluctuations in living mammalian cells (∼50 nm/30 ms). Subsequent computational modeling suggested that nucleosome fluctuation increases chromatin accessibility, which is advantageous for many "target searching" biological processes such as transcriptional regulation. Therefore, this review provides a novel view on chromatin structure in which chromatin consists of dynamic and disordered 10-nm fibers.
Ubiquitous Internet access control: the PAPI system (2004)

PAPI is a system for providing access control to restricted information resources across the Internet. The authentication mechanisms are designed to be as flexible as possible, allowing each organization to use its own authentication schema, keeping user privacy, and offering information providers data enough for statistics. Access control mechanisms are transparent to the user and compatible with the most commonly employed Web browsers and any operating system. Since PAPI uses standard HTTP procedures, PAPI authentication and access control does not require any specific hardware or software, thus providing users with ubiquitous access to any resource they have right to.
FUZZY IDEALS AND FUZZY SUBRINGS UNDER TRIANGULAR NORMS (2002)

Abstract. We develop some basic properties of t-fuzzy ideals in a monoid or a group and find the sufficient conditions for a fuzzy set in a division ring to be a t-fuzzy subring and the necessary and sufficient conditions for a fuzzy set in a division ring to be a t-fuzzy ideal. 1.
Noise robust voice activity detection based on switching kalman filter (2007)

This paper addresses the problem of voice activity detection (VAD) in noisy environments. The VAD method proposed in this paper is based on a statistical model approach, and estimates statistical models sequentially without a priori knowledge of noise. Namely, the proposed method constructs a clean speech / silence state transition model beforehand, and sequentially adapts the model to the noisy environment by using a switching Kalman filter when a signal is observed. In this paper, we carried out two evaluations. In the first, we observed that the proposed method significantly outperforms conventional methods as regards voice activity detection accuracy in simulated noise environments. Second, we evaluated the proposed method on a VAD evaluation framework, CENSREC-1-C. The evaluation results revealed that the proposed method significantly outperforms the baseline results of CENSREC-1-C as regards VAD accuracy in real environments. In addition, we confirmed that the proposed method helps to improve the accuracy of concatenated speech recognition in real environments.
Direct Evidence That Endogenous G <sub>M1</sub> Ganglioside Can Mediate Thymocyte Proliferation (1985)

The B subunit of cholera toxin, which is multivalent and binds exclusively to a specific ganglioside, GM1, was mitogenic for rat thymocytes. When exposed to the B subunit, the cells proliferated, as measured by 3H-labeled thymidine incorporation. Mitogenesis depended on the direct interaction of the B subunit with GM1 on the surface of the cells. This demonstrates that endogenous plasma membrane gangliosides can mediate proliferation in lymphocytes.
Laffittite, AgHgAsS 3 ; crystal structure and second occurrence from the Getchell Mine, Nevada (1983)

Laffittite, AgHgAsS 3 , is monoclinic, space group Aa, a = 7.732(3), b = 11.285(7), c = 6.643(4)Aa, beta = 115.16(3) degrees , Z = 4. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder pattern are 3.512(100)(200), 3.202(78)(031,1 (super -) 31), 3.015(69)(002), 2.685(67)(2 (super -) 31), 1.898(29)(1 (super -) 33,2 (super -) 33, 2.136(18)(231,3 (super -) 31), 3.633(16)(111), 1.889(14)(4 (super -) 11). Hydrothermally synthesized at 350 degrees C under 10,000 psi pressure for 140 hours. The crystal structure of laffittite is a superstructure based upon the PbS structure. Metal-sulfur bonds form a hexagonal ring of one formula unit; the rings link to each other by sharing all edges forming a sheet parallel to (100); the sheets link up and down by Hg-S and Ag-S bonds to form a three-dimensional network. The structure is closely related to that of marrite, PbAgAsS 3 .--Modified journal abstract.
Nano-fabrication with metallic glass—an exotic material for nano-electromechanical systems (2007)

Completely glassy thin films of Zr-Al-Cu-Ni exhibiting a large supercooled liquid region (DeltaT(x) = 95 K), very smooth surface (R(a) = 0.2 nm) and high value of Vickers hardness (H(v) = 940) were deposited by sputtering. The micro/nano-patterning ability of these films is demonstrated by focused ion beam etching (smallest pattern approximately 12 nm), as well as by the imprint lithography technique (smallest feature approximately 34 nm). These glassy films having very good mechanical and chemical properties, combined with superb nano-patterning ability, integrateable with silicon integrated circuit technology, are promising for fabrication of a wide range of two- or three-dimensional components for future nano-electromechanical systems.