gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent Rhythms of O<sub>2</sub>-Consumption in Potatoes, Carrots and the Seaweed, Fucus. (1955)

as a new experimental organism with many desirable characteristics.Its cells are small (-2 ,u), it may be grown as easily and reliably as Chlorella, it con- tains phycocyanin as an auxiliary photosynthetic pig- ment, it can be studied over a wide range of tempera- tures up to 410 C, it shows no inhibitory effects of the Warburg buffers, and it has an unusually low rate of dark respiration. SUMMARYPhotosynthesis and respiration of three blue-green algae, Anabaena variabilis, Anacystis nidulans, and Nostoc muscortum G, have been studied by conven- tional Warburg manometry.Rates of photosynthesis at light saturation were measured in the Warburg series of carbonate-bicar- bonate buffers and in bicarbonate-carbon dioxide buffers in the pH range 6 to 10.5.Evidence was sought, but not found, that rate of photosynthesis is any simple function of bicarbonate concentration.In terms of their light intensity curves the three algae show no feature markedly different from those of Chlorella.Limited response of respiration to added organic substrates is considered related to the obligate photoautotrophic character of the three algae.Attention is directed to Anacystis nidulans which has several features making it particularly useful as an experimental organism for studies on photosyn- thesis.
Plant responses to extracellular nucleotides: Cellular processes and biological effects (2006)

Higher plants exhibit cellular responsiveness to the exogenous application of purine nucleotides in a manner consistent with a cell-cell signaling function for these molecules. Like animals, plants respond to extracellular ATP, ADP, and stable analogues (e.g., ATPgammaS and ADPbetaS) by increasing the cytoplasmic concentration of calcium. Agonist substrate specificity and concentration dependency suggest receptor mediation of these events, and, although the identity of the plant receptor is currently unknown, pharmacological analysis points to the involvement of a plasma membrane-localized calcium channel. Extracellular ATP can also induce the production of reactive oxygen species and stimulate an increase in the mRNA levels of a number of stress- and calcium-regulated genes, suggesting a role for nucleotide-based signaling in plant wound and defense responses. Furthermore, the growth and development of plants can also be altered by the application of external ATP. Recent studies are only beginning to uncover the complexities of plant signaling networks activated in response to extracellular ATP and how these might interact to affect plant physiological processes.
Gadolinium Containing Contrast Agents for Pulmonary Ventilation Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2002)

The use of gadolinium for MR ventilation imaging is primarily hindered by its viscosity properties and thus, its capability of aerosolization. Of the five agents tested, the medium with the lowest viscosity at room temperature (gadoteridol) showed the most promising enhancement results. The results reaffirm the potential of gadolinium-based contrast agents as a pulmonary imaging alternative. With a reduction of ventilation duration down to ten minutes, the method appears tolerable in a clinical setting.
Optimal design of windows for spectral analysis of mono and bidimensional sampled signals (1992)

The problem of digital window design is formulated in terms of cost minimization. This cost quantifies the leakage from one frequency to another. The choice of the penalty function appearing in the cost expression may be adapted to a given spectral analysis problem: the designer controls undesirable leakages. The approach is applied to a particular optimization problem: extending the minimization of the second order moment to the case of sampled signals spectra. This example leads to a correct justification of Papoulis' (1972) minimum energy moment window in the case of digital signals. Applications show an example of window design and the interest of Papoulis window in some problems of spectral parameters estimation: Pisarenko frequency estimation and autoregressive modelization. The extension to 2D signals is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Collagen-Calcium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds Seeded with Umbilical Cord Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering (2011)

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) avoid the invasive procedure required to harvest bone marrow MSCs. The addition of collagen fibers into self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) may increase the scaffold strength, and enhance cell attachment and differentiation. The objectives of this study were to develop a novel class of collagen-CPC composite scaffolds, and to investigate hUCMSC attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation on collagen-CPC scaffolds for the first time. Collagen fibers in CPC improved the load-bearing capability. Flow cytometry showed that the hUCMSCs expressed cell surface markers characteristic of MSCs, and were negative for hematopoietic and endothelial cell markers. hUCMSCs proliferated rapidly in all CPC composite scaffolds, with cell number increasing by sevenfold in 8 days. Cellular function was enhanced with collagen fibers in CPC scaffolds. Cell density increased from (645±60) cells/mm(2) on CPC with 0% collagen, to (1056±65) cells/mm(2) on CPC with 8% collagen (p<0.05). The actin stress fibers inside the hUCMSCs were stained, and the fluorescence intensity was doubled when the collagen in CPC was increased by 0% to 8%. RT-PCR showed that hUCMSCs on CPC with collagen had higher osteogenic expression than those on CPC without collagen. Alizarin Red S staining revealed a great increase in mineralization by hUCMSCs on CPC with collagen than that without collagen. In conclusion, hUCMSCs showed excellent proliferation, differentiation, and synthesis of bone minerals in collagen-CPC composite scaffolds for the first time. The novel hUCMSC-seeded collagen-CPC construct with superior cell function and load-bearing capability is promising to enhance bone regeneration in a wide range of orthopedic and craniofacial applications.
HF low noise amplifiers with integrated transformer feedback (2003)

This paper proposes the concept of an adaptive, wideband LNA, based on double-loop negative feedback with an integrated HF transformer, resulting in an inherent matched input impedance. It offers the possibility to design and bias the input transistor for minimum noise and has the potential to increase linearity, without affecting the input impedance.
Total Chemical Synthesis of a 27 kDa TASP Protein Derived from the MscL Ion Channel of<i>M. tuberculosis</i>by Ketoxime-Forming Ligation (2002)

A 27-kDa TASP protein, T(5)Msc(103-151), that was derived from the cytoplasmic domain (amino acid residues 103-151) of the MscL ion channel of M. tuberculosis was synthesized by ketoxime-forming chemoselective ligation between a template molecule carrying five pyruvic acid groups, and linear channel peptides carrying one aminooxyacetic acid group. Ketoxime-forming ligation provided for highly efficient assembly of this large totally synthetic protein construct with yields >90% with modest excess (1.5x) of the aminooxy peptide. Formation of the desired TASP molecule was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis and MALDI mass spectrometry. The effect of template attachment on the structure of the peptides constituting the TASP was assessed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Attachment of the peptides to the topological template induces predominantly helical secondary structure, whereas an analogous peptide that did not bear an aminooxy group, MscL(103-151), does not exhibit significant secondary structure at pH 7 and is found to be monomeric in concentrations up to 65 microM. This observation can be explained by entropic destabilization of the unfolded state of T(5)Msc(103-151) due to the attachment to the template and the resulting loss of degrees of freedom. Pyruvic acid-based ketoxime-forming chemoselective ligation may thus prove to be a useful tool for the assembly of large, non-native protein constructs and their biophysical study.
72.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : PenTile RGBW® Color Processing (2008)

Abstract The conversion of tri‐vectored color values to quad‐vectors creates a degree of freedom that may be used to optimize color reproduction and image reconstruction. Global selection from among possible RGBW metamers improves image texture. Local selection from among possible metamers improves subpixel rendering. Combining RGBW with Dynamic Back Light Control eliminates Out‐of‐Gamut colors while still maintaining power reduction benefits of RGBW. Local mapping vs. global mapping of Out‐of‐Gamut colors improves brightness without sacrificing local luminance contrast for more aggressive power savings modes.
Public Knowledge regarding the Role of Genetic Susceptibility to Environmentally Induced Health Conditions (2003)

This study suggests that the public views genetic susceptibility as playing only a limited role in human disease induced by environmental factors. Increasing awareness of the role of genetic factors in these diseases will be necessary for translating gene discovery into effective personal and public health actions.
CommentSpace (2011)

Collaborative visual analysis tools can enhance sensemaking by facilitating social interpretation and parallelization of effort. These systems enable distributed exploration and evidence gathering, allowing many users to pool their effort as they discuss and analyze the data. We explore how adding lightweight tag and link structure to comments can aid this analysis process. We present CommentSpace, a collaborative system in which analysts comment on visualizations and websites and then use tags and links to organize findings and identify others'" contributions. In a pair of studies comparing CommentSpace to a system without support for tags and links, we find that a small, fixed vocabulary of tags (question, hypothesis, to-do) and links (evidence-for, evidence-against) helps analysts more consistently and accurately classify evidence and establish common ground. We also find that managing and incentivizing participation is important for analysts to progress from exploratory analysis to deeper analytical tasks. Finally, we demonstrate that tags and links can help teams complete evidence gathering and synthesis tasks and that organizing comments using tags and links improves analytic results.
Immunofluorescence analysis in flow cytometry: better selection of antibody-labeled cells after fluorescence overcompensation in the red channel. (1991)

Selection of cells labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated (FITC) antibodies can be difficult if large autofluorescent cells are used and if the cells bind only a few molecules of antibody. We have developed a simple flow cytometric procedure that allows better selection of stained cells. When an argon ion laser emitting at 488 nm is used, the green fluorescence detected is the sum of cell autofluorescence and of the signal generated by the FITC antibody. Thus, when we subtract green signal from the red by fluorescence compensation, the signal of stained cells is on average reduced more than for the unstained counterpart. In this scenario, positive selection of cells with low red signal allows more efficient selection of stained cells. We tested the overcompensation procedure on mixtures of cells unstained and stained with a relevant FITC antibody. Cell mixtures were analyzed using normal vs increased levels of compensation in the red channel. Increased levels of compensation resulted in easier gating and higher recovery of stained cells. The efficiency of the overcompensation procedure was particularly high when using red filters with low cutoff (i.e., 560 or 570 nm), possibly because of the significant emission of fluorescein in the red channel, which caused separation between stained and unstained cells also in the red dimension. This method is useful for sorting cells expressing low levels of surface markers and facilitates selection of rare cells transfected with surface antigen genes. This technique is compatible with the use of propidium iodide for live/dead cell discrimination and with the subtraction of the cellular background of autofluorescence.
Effects of magnesium on skeletal metabolism. (1990)

Magnesium (Mg) makes up 0.5-1% of bone ash and is therefore not a trace element in the skeleton. Mg influences both mineral and matrix metabolism in bone by a combination of effects on hormones and other factors that regulate skeletal and mineral metabolism, and by direct effects on bone itself. The skeletal content of Mg is very variable both between and within species, and reported values range between 150 and 440 mmol/kg ash weight (AW). Dietary Mg has a direct influence and age an inverse influence on skeletal Mg content. It is unclear whether skeletal Mg content varies from region to region. In humans, reported values cluster around the 200 mmol/kg AW level, 30-40% lower than most rat data. Human iliac crest cortical bone has 10-20% less Mg per unit weight than iliac crest trabecular bone. Mg depletion adversely affects all phases of skeletal metabolism. In the rat, cessation of bone growth is noted with a decrease in both osteoblast and osteoblast activity, decreased bone formation, osteopenia, increased fragility and development of a form of 'aplastic bone disease'. The epiphyseal growth plate is thinned and the percent ash weight of the growth plate is increased, possibly due to enhanced crystallization of bone salt under conditions of Mg depletion. In contrast, in chicks and in rats with severe Mg deficiency, these 'antianabolic' effects are not observed but instead, predominant inhibition of bone resorption occurs with increased cortical thickness rather than osteopenia, and the occasional development of subperiosteal hyperplasia or of fibrous tumors of the periosteum. It is probable that this unusual response under conditions of severe Mg deficiency is in part an indirect effect secondary to a defect in secretion and/or skeletal responsiveness to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D metabolites. Mg excess also has adverse biologic effects on bone. Crystallization of bone salt is severely impaired and an osteomalacia-like picture may be produced with decreased osteoblastic activity, widened growth plates, excessive osteoid seams and short, thickened bones. In some studies, especially in mice, Mg excess stimulates bone resorption, independently of PTH. The role of Mg deficiency and excess in human skeletal conditions requires more extensive investigation. Bone Mg is uniformly increased in renal insufficiency and may play a role in renal osteodystrophy since improvement has been noted in the osteomalacic component by normalizing the serum Mg. Decreased bone Mg has been reported in alcoholic patients, diabetes and in osteoporosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Fibre laser Doppler vibrometry system for target recognition (2005)

Vibrations from a target provide a difficult to mask target signature. Vibrometry shows potential for long-range target identification whilst a fibre implementation may lead to a smaller, more compact system when compared with an equivalent solid-state source solution. A prototype fibre LDV system and electronic demodulation scheme using low-cost telecommunications components is described and tested. The aim of the system is to remove the velocity component of a target signature for target identification purposes. Signal processing methods and signature measurements are described which demonstrate the utility of the system for target recognition.
Tin (IV) Etiopurpurin Dichloride: An Alternative To DHE? (1988)

Etiopurpurin is a photosensitizer developed from etioporphyrin I, which we have shown to be useful in PDT. Incorporation of tin into the macrocycle gives a derivative which appears to be more effective both in vitro and in vivo studies on tumor cytotoxicity, than the parent purpurin. In vitro studies have shown not only that tin etiopurpurin dichloride (SnET2C12) is an efficient photosensitizer, but also that its action spectrum appears to be consistent with both the absorption and emission spectra. In vivo studies include a histological examination of tumors treated with SnET2C12 and PDT which suggests that disruption of the tumor vasculature plays an active role in tumor necrosis; a twelve day dose response study to determine effective dose; a thirty day study to determine tumor regrowth; a study of normal tissue response to PDT and a study to determine the optimum time for phototherapy after injection of the drug. For these studies, the FANFT induced urothelial tumor line was used, although we have recently initiated studies on the R3327 AT rat anaplastic adenocarcinoma, a tumor which appears to be more resistant to PDT.
IDA-Pay: An innovative micro-payment system based on NFC technology for Android mobile devices (2012)

The evolution of modern mobile devices towards novel Radio Frequency (RF) capabilities, such as Near Field Communication (NFC), leads to a potential for delivering innovative mobile services which is still partially unexplored. Mobile NFC micro-payments systems can enhance the daily shopping experience, but the access to payment security resources of a mobile device (e.g. the “Secure Element”) by third party applications is still blocked by smartphone and OS manufacturers. In this paper, the IDA-Pay system is presented, an innovative and secure NFC micro-payment system based on peer-to-peer NFC operating mode for Android mobile phones. It allows to guarantee mobile-to-POS micro-payment services, bypassing the need for special hardware. A validation scenario is also depicted in order to demonstrate the system effectiveness.
Matrix‐free methods for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (2006)

Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a soft ionization mass spectrometric method that has become a preeminent technique in the analysis of a wide variety of compounds including polymers and proteins. The main drawback of MALDI is that it is difficult to analyze low molecular weight compounds (<1,000 m/z) because the matrix that allows MALDI to work interferes in this mass range. In recent years there has been considerable interest in developing laser desorption/ionization (LDI) techniques for the analysis of small molecules. This review examines the approaches to matrix-free LDI mass spectrometry including desorption/ionization on silicon (DIOS), sol-gels, and carbon-based microstructures. For the purposes of this review matrix-free methods are defined as those that do not require matrix to be mixed with the analyte and therefore does not require co-crystallization. The review will also examine mechanisms of ionization and applications of matrix-free LDI-MS.
Magnetic properties of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Mn</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext><mml:mn>7</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>pyrochlore rare-earth solid solutions (2010)

Three ${(R,{R}^{\ensuremath{'}})}_{2}{\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ ferromagnetic pyrochlore systems were studied to investigate the role of the ${R}^{3+}$ ionic size versus $4f$ moment on the magnetic properties of the ${\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ sublattice. The Curie temperature ${T}_{\text{C}}=18\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1\text{ }\text{K}$ for $R=\text{Y}$ and Lu remained nearly constant for ${({\text{Y}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Lu}}_{x})}_{2}{\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ but the magnetization data show characteristics of spin-glass behavior in low magnetic fields, and at 5 T, the magnetization fails to reach the expected $3\text{ }{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\text{B}}/{\text{Mn}}^{4+}$ found by 0.5 T in ${\text{Tl}}_{2}{\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ and ${\text{In}}_{2}{\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$. A frustrated, minor antiferromagnetic component apparently competes with the ferromagnetic component of the ${\text{Mn}}^{4+}{\text{-O-Mn}}^{4+}$ interactions to give a minor antiferromagnetic component to the major ferromagnetic spin alignment of the ${\text{Mn}}^{4+}$ ions. A ${T}_{\text{C}}=42\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1\text{ }\text{K}$ for $R=\text{Dy}$ and Yb remains nearly constant in the ${({\text{Dy}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\text{Yb}}_{y})}_{2}{\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ system and ${T}_{\text{C}}$ increases systematically from 19 to 42 K with Dy concentration in ${({\text{Dy}}_{1\ensuremath{-}z}{\text{Lu}}_{z})}_{2}{\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$, which clearly shows that a ferromagnetic interaction between the ${R}^{3+}$-ion and ${\text{Mn}}^{4+}$-ion spins favors ferromagnetic alignment of the ${\text{Mn}}^{4+}$-ion spins to double the magnitude of ${T}_{\text{C}}$ by relieving the frustration of the ${\text{Mn}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ sublattice. The ${R}^{3+}$-ion size has little effect as the Mn-O-Mn bond angle changes by no more than $\ensuremath{\sim}1\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ with changing ionic radius of the ${R}^{3+}$ ion.
Comparison of Co Films Deposited by Remote Plasma Atomic Layer Deposition Method with Cyclopentadienylcobalt Dicarbonyl [CpCo(CO)<sub>2</sub>] and Dicobalt Octacarbonyl [Co<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>8</sub>] (2007)

Co films were deposited by a remote plasma atomic layer deposition (ALD) method using either cyclopentadienylcobalt dicarbonyl [CpCo(CO)2] or dicobalt octacarbonyl [Co2(CO)8] as the Co precursor. The Co films deposited with the Co2(CO)8 precursor showed a lower ALD process window (75–110 °C) and higher growth rate (∼1.2 Å/cycle) than the Co films deposited with CpCo(CO)2 which had a process window of 125–175 °C and a growth rate of ∼1.1 Å/cycle. The Co films deposited using CpCo(CO)2 showed an oxygen content of less than 1% with both the H2 and N2 plasma and about 13% carbon with the N2 plasma and about 7–8% carbon with the H2 plasma. In the case of Co2(CO)8, the carbon and oxygen contents were ∼15 and ∼2% with the H2 plasma, and ∼8 and ∼21% with the N2 plasma, respectively. The carbon impurities in the Co films deposited with CpCo(CO)2 had a significant number of C–H bonds while Co–C bonds were dominant in the Co films deposited with Co2(CO)8. The retardation of silicide formation temperature up to 100 °C for the Co films deposited with Co2(CO)8 can be explained by high carbon content including Co–C bonds.
Urinary Hepcidin-25 and Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass (2011)

Elevated urinary hepcidin-25 on POD 1 is a strong predictor of avoidance of AKI beyond postoperative day 1.
Endometrial release of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and endometriosis: relationship to the extent of the disease (2000)

The association between endometrial release of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and the number and score of endometriotic implants suggests that the molecule might be of value in evaluating spread potential of refluxed endometrium.
The first synthesis of covalently linked mixed dimer complexes containing phthalocyanine and porphyrin (1986)

The first synthesis of two covalently linked mixed phthalocyanine–porphyrin dimers especially designed for the study of photoelectron processes is presented along with the very efficient intramolecular energy transfer from the porphyrin toward the phthalocyanine moiety under light irradiation in one of these compounds.