gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutation of a Ubiquitously Expressed Mouse Transmembrane Protein (<i>Tapt1</i>) Causes Specific Skeletal Homeotic Transformations (2006)

L5Jcs1 is a perinatal lethal mutation uncovered in a screen for ENU-induced mutations on mouse chromosome 5. L5Jcs1 homozygotes exhibit posterior-to-anterior transformations of the vertebral column midsection, similar to mice deficient for Hoxc8 and Hoxc9. Positional cloning efforts identified a mutation in a novel, evolutionarily conserved, and ubiquitously expressed gene dubbed Tapt1 (Transmembrane anterior posterior transformation 1). TAPT1 is predicted to contain several transmembrane domains, and part of the gene is orthologous to an unusual alternatively spliced human transcript encoding the cytomegalovirus gH receptor. We speculate that TAPT1 is a downstream effector of HOXC8 that may act by transducing or transmitting extracellular information required for axial skeletal patterning during development.
Data Set Allocation and Performance Management Under System Managed Storage. (1990)

Abstract: System managed storage (SMS) redefines data set allocation for the MVS operating system and provides new data set level performance management capabilities that exploit advanced cached control unit functionality. Unfortunately, the algorithms and measurement data sources that support these DFSMS 2 functions are poorly defined in the available documentation. This tutorial will provide a detailed description of the execution of ACS (Automatic Class Selection) routines, SRM (System Resources Manager) interface, device selection, volume free space management, inter-system communication, data set level caching and interfaces with the 3990-3 control unit. The objective of this tutorial is to provide an overview of how SMS manages data set allocation and data set performance. This tutorial is the result of extensive research based on a variety of IBM publications, IBM’s SMS customer education materials, reviews of the non-OCO 3 DFP 3.2 and 3.3 code, and experiments conducted by the author under DFP versions 3.1 and 3.2. While the majority of the statements in this paper are based on available documentation, some aspects of the operation of OCO
Advanced vibration analysis techniques for fault detection and diagnosis in geared transmission systems (1996)

The primary objective of the research reported in this thesis was the improvement of safety in helicopters by identifying and, where necessary, developing vibration analysis techniques for the detection and diagnosis of safety critical faults in helicopter transmission systems. A review and, where necessary, expansion of past research is made into (a) the mechanisms involved in the production of vibrations in mechanical systems, (b) the failure modes experienced in geared transmission systems, (c) which failure modes are critical to the safety of helicopters, (d) how the safety critical failure modes affect the vibration signature, and e) the vibration analysis techniques currently used to detect safety critical failures. The effectiveness of the currently available vibration analysis techniques is investigated using in-flight vibration data from Royal Australian Navy helicopters and seeded fault data from a purpose built spur gear test rig. Detailed analysis of techniques for synchronous signal averaging of gear vibration data is undertaken, which includes the development of new methods of modelling and quantifying the effects of synchronous averaging on non-synchronous vibration. A study of digital resampling techniques is also made, including the development of two new methods which provide greater accuracy and/or efficiency (in computation) over previous methods. A new approach to fault diagnosis is proposed based on time-frequency signal analysis techniques. It is shown that these methods can provide significant improvement in diagnostic capabilities over existing vibration analysis techniques. Some limitations of general time-frequency analysis techniques are identified and a new technique is developed which overcomes these limitations. It is shown that the new technique provides a significant improvement in the concentration of energy about the instantaneous frequency of the individual components in the vibration signal, which allows the tracking of small short term amplitude and frequency modulations with a high degree of accuracy. The new technique has the capability of 'zooming' in on features which may span only a small frequency range, providing an enhanced visual representation of the underlying structure of the signal.
Frequency of General Side Reactions after Regional Anaesthesia with Mepivacaine with and without Vasoconstrictors (1972)

SUMMARY 30,885 regional anaesthesias have been performed with mepivacaine without vasocon strictor or with addition of adrenaline or noradrenaline. Of these 5,282 were brachial plexus blocks, 1,616 axillary blocks, 1,333 sciatic and femoral blocks and 2,435 caudal blocks. Systemic reactions were observed 74 times. Many of these were observed after relatively small doses and the frequency was not markedly changed when large doses had been used. The admixture of vasoconstrictors to the mepivacaine did not decrease the rate of systemic reactions. Some of these reactions could be attributed to the vasocon strictor. Effects on blood pressure and pulse rate have been studied in several types of blocks. In brachial plexus blocks and axillary blocks adrenaline caused higher frequency of patients with tachycardia. No marked changes of the blood pressure were observed. Noradrenaline caused higher frequency of patients with blood pressure rise, while effects on pulse rate were not very marked. In caudal blocks adrenaline and noradrenaline caused the same reactions with one exception; adrenaline caused a marked increase of the blood pressure. Special studies of part of the material did not reveal the presence of late toxic reactions. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 30,885 Regional‐Anästhesien wurden mit Mepivacaine ohne Vasokonstriktor oder Zusatz von Adrenalin oder Noradrenalin durchgeführt, wovon 5,282 Brachialplexus‐Blockaden, 1,616 Axillar‐Blockaden, 1,333 Nervus ischiadikus‐ und Memoralis‐Blockaden und 2,435 Kaudal‐Blockaden. 74 mal wurden Reaktionen des Körpersystems beobachtet. Davon wurden viele nach relativ geringen Dosen bemerkt. Die Frequenz war nicht markant verändert, wenn grosse Dosen gegeben wurden. Die Beimischung von Vasokonstriktoren zu Mepivacaine führte nicht zu einer Senkung des Grades der Reaktionen des Körpersystems. Einige der Reaktionen könnten dem Vasokonstriktor zugeschrieben werden. Die Wirkungen auf den Blutdruck und auf den Pulsschlag wurden bei verschiedenen Typen von Blockaden untersucht. Bei Brachialplexus‐Blockaden und Axillar‐Blockaden ergab Adrenalin eine höhere Frequenz von Patienten mit Tachykardie. Keine besonderen Veränderungen des Blutdrucks wurden beobachtet. Noradrenalin ergab eine höhere Frequenz von Patienten mit erhöhten Blutdruck während die Wirkungen auf den Pulsschlag nicht markant waren. Bei Kaudal‐Blockaden ergaben Adrenalin und Noradrenalin die gleichen Reaktionen, mit einer Ausnahme; Adrenalin verursachte eine markante Erhöhung des Blutdrucks. Spätere Studien von Teilen des Untersu‐chungsmaterials zeigten keinerlei Erscheinungen von nachträglichen toxischen Reaktionen.
Explanation in Expert Systemss: A Survey (1988)

Abstract : In order to be considered useful and acceptable, expert systems must be able to explain their knowledge of the domain and the reasoning process they employ to produce results and recommendations. Despite the fact that the need for explanation has been widely recognized, current expert systems have only limited explanatory capabilities. In this survey, we review early approaches to explanation in expert systems and discuss their limitations. We discuss improvements to the explanation capabilities based on enriched knowledge bases of expert systems. We then argue that further improvements in explanation require better generation techniques. Related work in the field of natural language generation suggests techniques that are useful to the task of explanation in expert systems; however, even those techniques will not provide all of the capabilities required for the task of carrying on a dialogue with the user. Finally, we describe our approach to explanation, which provides the facilities necessary to carry on an interactive dialogue with the user.
Text-to-speech synthesis with arbitrary speaker's voice from average voice (2001)

This paper describes a technique for synthesizing speech with any desired voice. The technique is based on an HMM-based text-to-speech (TTS) system and MLLR adaptation algorithm. To generate speech of an arbitrarily given target speaker, speaker-independent speech units, i.e., average voice models, is adapted to the target speaker using MLLR framework. In addition to spectrum and pitch adaptation, we derive an algorithm for adaptation of state duration. We demonstrate that a few sentences uttered by a target speaker are sufficient to adapt not only voice characteristics but also prosodic features. Synthetic speech generated from adapted models using only four sentences is very close to that from speaker dependent models trained using a large amount of speech data.
Multi-Alkali Photo Cathodes (1956)

The quantum efficiency of a photoemitting material is determined by a combination of physical properties. It has been found that the requirements are met best by semiconductors of low work function surfaces. In the light of these general considerations, a short survey is given of the photocathodes available heretofore. A more detailed description will then be given of the new multi-alkali cathodes, particularly those of the composition of Sb-K-Na and Sb-K-Na-Cs. Their advantages for use in scintillation counters are discussed.
Intraoperative dosimetric representation of the real-time ultrasound-guided prostate implant. (2000)

Dosimetric representation of the real-time ultrasound-guided prostate implant can be achieved and demonstrates the efficacy of this brachytherapy technique.
An Adaptive System for Optimal Solar Energy Harvesting in Wireless Sensor Network Nodes (2008)

The success of wireless sensor networks and their pervasive use is somehow constrained by energy supply which, generally provided by batteries, is a finite resource. Energy harvesting mechanisms must hence be taken into account to grant a long time operational life, with solar energy being the most interesting one in outdoor deployments due to its relatively high power density. In this paper we propose a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">low-power</i> maximum power point tracker (MPPT) circuit <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">specifically</i> designed for wireless sensor nodes (hence effective, flexible, low cost and power-aware), i.e., a power transferring circuit for optimally conveying solar energy into rechargeable batteries even in not optimal weather conditions. High efficiency is granted by an ad hoc adaptive algorithm which, by keeping the MPPT electronics in its optimal working point, maximizes energy transfer from the solar cell to the batteries. The suggested implementation is particularly effective in critical weather conditions where traditional solutions do not work and is characterized by a flexible enough design for immediately hosting, in a plug in fashion, different solar panels and battery typologies.
Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase Activity Indicates Angiographic Coronary Artery Disease Independently of Systemic Inflammation and Other Risk Factors (2005)

PAF-AH activity is not an indicator of the systemic inflammation that accompanies acute coronary syndromes. PAF-AH activity is affected by a number of cardiovascular drugs; however, after such medication use was accounted for, PAF-AH activity was associated with angiographic CAD, complementary to sCRP and independently of established risk factors such as LDL cholesterol.
Biometric linkage between identity document card and its holder based on real-time facial recognition (2015)

Access control systems based on RFiD cards are very popular in many companies and public institutions. There is an assumption, that if one has a card and passes verification, the access is granted. Such an approach entails few threats: using of cards being in possession of unauthorized people (stolen or just borrowed), risk of cloning card. We strongly believe that prevention is a better way to obtain desired security level. The usability of the system is essential, but it has to be pragmatic, that is why we accept in that case higher value for False Acceptance Rate, simultaneously getting lower False Rejection Rate. We aim to discourage, in significant way, any attempts of stealing or borrowing access cards from third parties or cloning them. Our solution verifies the biometric linkage between the signed facial image of the document holder embedded in personal identity document and the user facial image captured by a camera during usage of a card. In order to avoid any trials of real-time facial substitution, we introduced depth camera and infrared flash. Our goal is to compare the similarity of faces of document holder and user, but at the same time to prevent misuse of this high quality digital data. In order to support that assumption we process captured image in the reader and send it to the card for matching (match-on-card).
Coaxial additive manufacture of biomaterial composite scaffolds for tissue engineering (2014)

An inherent difficulty associated with the application of suitable bioscaffolds for tissue engineering is the incorporation of adequate mechanical characteristics into the materials which recapitulate that of the native tissue, whilst maintaining cell proliferation and nutrient transfer qualities. Biomaterial composites fabricated using rapid prototyping techniques can potentially improve the functionality and patient-specific processing of tissue engineering scaffolds. In this work, a technique for the coaxial melt extrusion printing of core-shell scaffold structures was designed, implemented and assessed with respect to the repeatability, cell efficacy and scaffold porosity obtainable. Encapsulated alginate hydrogel/thermoplastic polycaprolactone (Alg-PCL) cofibre scaffolds were fabricated. Selective laser melting was used to produce a high resolution stainless steel 316 L coaxial extrusion nozzle, exhibiting diameters of 300 μm/900 μm for the inner and outer nozzles respectively. We present coaxial melt extrusion printed scaffolds of Alg-PCL cofibres with ~0.4 volume fraction alginate, with total fibre diameter as low as 600 μm and core material offset as low as 10% of the total diameter. Furthermore the tuneability of scaffold porosity, pore size and interconnectivity, as well as the preliminary inclusion, compatibility and survival of an L-929 mouse fibroblast cell-line within the scaffolds were explored. This preliminary cell work highlighted the need for optimal material selection and further design reiteration in future research.
Association of aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor genes with tumor aggressiveness and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (2006)

The role of aberrant tumor suppressor gene methylation in the aggressiveness of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not been documented. By showing promoter methylation-induced gene silencing in PTC-derived cell lines, we first demonstrated the functional consequence of methylation of several recently identified tumor suppressor genes, including those for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3), SLC5A8, death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) and retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RARbeta2). We then investigated the role of methylation of these genes in the aggressiveness of PTC by examining the relationship of their aberrant methylation to clinicopathological characteristics and BRAF mutation in 231 primary PTC tumors. Methylation of TIMP3, SLC5A8 and DAPK was significantly associated with several aggressive features of PTC, including extrathyroidal invasion, lymph node metastasis, multifocality and advanced tumor stages. Methylation of these genes was also significantly associated with BRAF mutation in PTC, either individually or collectively in various combinations. Methylation of these genes, either individually or collectively, occurred more frequently in more aggressive classical and tall-cell PTC subtypes than in less aggressive follicular-variant PTC, with the latter known to infrequently harbor BRAF mutation. Several other tumor suppressor genes investigated were not methylated. These results suggest that aberrant methylation and hence silencing of TIMP3, SLC5A8, DAPK and RARbeta2, in association with BRAF mutation, may be an important step in PTC tumorigenesis and progression.
Abi1 gene silencing by short hairpin RNA impairs Bcr-Abl-induced cell adhesion and migration in vitro and leukemogenesis in vivo (2008)

Abl interactor (Abi) 1 was first identified as the downstream target of Abl tyrosine kinases and was found to be dysregulated in leukemic cells expressing oncogenic Bcr-Abl and v-Abl. Although the accumulating evidence supports a role of Abi1 in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and growth factor/receptor signaling, it is not clear how it contributes to Bcr-Abl-induced leukemogenesis. We show here that Abi1 gene silencing by short hairpin RNA attenuated the Bcr-Abl-induced abnormal actin remodeling, membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase clustering and inhibited cell adhesion and migration on fibronectin-coated surfaces. Although the knock down of Abi1 expression did not affect growth factor-independent growth of Bcr-Abl-transformed Ba/F3 cells in vitro, it impeded competitive expansion of these cells in non obese diabetic (NOD)/ severe combined immuno-deficiency (SCID) mice. Remarkably, the knock down of Abi1 expression in Bcr-Abl-transformed Ba/F3 cells impaired the leukemogenic potential of these cells in NOD/SCID mice. Abi1 contributes to Bcr-Abl-induced leukemogenesis in part through Src family kinases, as the knock down of Abi1 expression attenuates Bcr-Abl-stimulated activation of Lyn. Together, these data provide for the first time the direct evidence that supports a critical role of Abi1 pathway in the pathogenesis of Bcr-Abl-induced leukemia.
Basics of particle therapy I: physics (2011)

With the advance of modern radiation therapy technique, radiation dose conformation and dose distribution have improved dramatically. However, the progress does not completely fulfill the goal of cancer treatment such as improved local control or survival. The discordances with the clinical results are from the biophysical nature of photon, which is the main source of radiation therapy in current field, with the lower linear energy transfer to the target. As part of a natural progression, there recently has been a resurgence of interest in particle therapy, specifically using heavy charged particles, because these kinds of radiations serve theoretical advantages in both biological and physical aspects. The Korean government is to set up a heavy charged particle facility in Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences. This review introduces some of the elementary physics of the various particles for the sake of Korean radiation oncologists' interest.
Star Pattern Recognition and Spacecraft Attitude Determination. (1981)

A method for real-time on-board spacecraft attitude determination is presented. The method is suitable for processing CCD or CID stellar camera and rate gyro output to determine orientation to better than five arc seconds. The system is self-calibrating; uncertain parameters such as interlock angles and gyro biases can be included in the estimation algorithms. The system is implemented in a microcomputer system which conclusively establishes that the system is compatible with on-board computation constraints. (Author)
Interactions Between Suspended Nanowires and Patterned Surfaces (2002)

Abstract Gold nanowires, 350 nm in diameter and 3–6 μm in length, were derivatized by using positively and negatively charged self‐assembled monolayers. The interactions between these particles and surfaces were investigated as a function of their surface chemistry and topography. Electrostatically repulsive sulfonate–sulfonate interactions resulted in mobile particles on the surface, whereas electrostatically attractive interactions between polyamines and sulfonates immobilized the particles. Patterned surfaces were selectively derivatized with particles using these attractive and repulsive interactions. By lithographically defining surface wells that were commensurate with the length of the nanowires, nanowire bundles were assembled in the wells.
Mediaprocessing in the compressed domain (2002)

The emergence of compression standards such as JPEG, MPEG, H.320 and H.324 has enabled many consumer and business multimedia applications wherein the multimedia content is disseminated in their compressed form. Many applications however require processing of the multimedia content prior to presentation. Traditional approaches for processing rely on first decompressing the bitstreams and then applying the desired processing function. We describe developments that have led to processing techniques that can be directly implemented on an intermediate representation of the compressed domain information. By avoiding the computationally expensive decompression and recompression processes needed in traditional spatial/temporal domain based techniques, mediaprocessing in the compressed domain achieves 2-4 fold speedup for typical processing functions such as image downscaling, bitrate conversions, interframe to intraframe conversions.
Mapping Local pH in Live Cells Using Encapsulated Fluorescent SERS Nanotags (2010)

Small Ag clusters incorporating both the pH-sensitive Raman probe molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and a fluorescent dye are used to determine the local pH from the spatially mapped surface-enhanced Raman spectra correlated with the fluorescence, allowing simultaneous single-particle tracking and local pH sensing.
Synthesis and characterization of rigid bidentate nitrogen ligands and some examples of coordination to divalent palladium. X‐ray crystal structures of bis (<i>p</i>‐tolylimino) acenaphthene and methylchloro [bis(<i>o,o</i>′‐diisopropylphenyl‐imino) acenaphthene] palladium (II) (1994)

Abstract The synthesis and characterization of the rigid bidentate nitrogen ligands bis‐(phenylimino)camphane (Ph‐BIC) and a series of bis(arylimino)acenaphthenes (Ar‐BIAN) is described. These ligands were synthesized by the reaction of camphorquinone or acenaphthenequinone with the corresponding (substituted) aniline in the presence of ZnCl 2 or NiBr 2 , followed by removal of the metal salt in a subsequent step. NDDO calculations on p Tol‐BIAN showed that the electronic properties of this ligand are comparable to the open‐chain analogue Ph‐DAB (DAB = 1,4‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene). The aromatic group on the imine N atom of Ar‐BIAN ligands is orientated out of the bis(imino)acenaphthene plane, leading to the formation of syn and anti isomers for the ortho ‐substituted derivatives o ‐MeC 6 H 4 ‐BIAN and o‐i PrC 6 H 4 ‐BIAN. In solution one isomer is observed for these ligands, but upon coordination to a Pd(Me)Cl fragment both syn and anti forms are present, as two isomers are formed. Furthermore, the attempted synthesis of bis(isopropylimino)cyclohexane is described, but it was found that a tautomeric imine‐enamine compound is formed which coordinates to palladium(II) in a monodentate fashion, which could not be converted to a chelating ligand. The structures of p Tol‐BIAN and Pd(Me)Cl( o , o ′‐ i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ‐BIAN) in the solid state were determined by X‐ray diffraction. p Tol‐BIAN is monoclinic, space group C 2 , a = 20.021(2), b = 8.7703(10), c = 5.5664(10) Å, β = 103.37(1)°, Z = 2, final R = 0.040 for 963 reflections with I > 2.5σ( I ). Pd(Me)Cl( o,o ′‐ i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ‐BIAN) is orthorhombic, space group Pbca , a = 11.440(2), b = 21.250(3), c = 27.087(2) Å, Z = 8, final R = 0.043 for 2433 reflections with I > 2.0σ( I >).