gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Diet1 Locus Confers Protection against Hypercholesterolemia through Enhanced Bile Acid Metabolism (2002)

The C57BL/6ByJ (B6By) mouse strain is resistant to diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, despite its near genetic identity with the atherosclerosis-susceptible C57BL/6J (B6J) strain. We previously identified a genetic locus, Diet1, which is responsible for the resistant phenotype in B6By mice. To investigate the function of Diet1, we compared mRNA expression profiles in the liver of B6By and B6J mice fed an atherogenic diet using a DNA microarray. These studies revealed elevated expression levels in B6By liver for key bile acid synthesis proteins, including cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase and sterol-27-hydroxylase, and the oxysterol nuclear receptor liver X receptor alpha. Expression levels for several other genes involved in bile acid metabolism were subsequently found to differ between B6By and B6J mice, including the bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor, oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, sterol-12alpha-hydroxylase, and hepatic bile acid transporters on both sinusoidal and canalicular membranes. The overall expression profile of the B6By strain suggests a higher rate of bile acid synthesis and transport in these mice. Consistent with this interpretation, fecal bile acid excretion is increased 2-fold in B6By mice, and bile acid levels in blood and urine are elevated 3- and 18-fold, respectively. Genetic analysis of serum bile acid levels revealed co-segregation with Diet1, indicating that this locus is likely responsible for both increased bile acid excretion and resistance to hypercholesterolemia in B6By mice.
2, 5, 6-Tribromo-l-methylgramine, an Antifouling Substance from the Marine Bryozoan <i>Zoobotryon pellucidum</i> (1994)

In our screening for antifouling substances using laboratory-reared larvae of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite, the crude extract of the marine bryozoan Zoobotryon pellucidum exhibited promising activity. Bioassay-guided isolation led to the isolation of 2, 5, 6-tribromo-1-methylgramine as an effective inhibitor. Its inhibitory activity was 6 times as strong as that of bis- (n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO), while its toxicity to cyprid larvae was one-tenth that of TBTO. This substance also inhibited settlement of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis.
Vision-Based Method for Forward Vehicle Brake Lights Recognition (2015)

This paper presents a recognition algorithm combining the vehicle detection and the color difference of RGB color space to recognize the brake-lights state of moving vehicles in order to achieve the intelligent-car's rear-end collision warning about the vehicle in front of it. Firstly, we train and build AdaBoost cascade classifier by haar features samples and scaling sub-windows are used to detect the target vehicle from the region of interest of the resized image. Then we compare the adjacent frames to recognize brake light status, which including using color, shape, structural features to identify the third brake light; comparing the center of gravity coordinates and the color difference threshold to rear brake lights when vehicles are not red or yellow; according to subtraction of each RGB corresponding channel, binarization, and the color difference threshold of RGB color space to identify the red or yellow vehicles' brake lights. Finally, experiments show that the algorithm can detect the front vehicle's braking quickly and accurately.
Low-loss micromachined inverted overlay CPW lines with wide impedance ranges and inherent airbridge connection capability (2001)

A new type of overlay coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure, "inverted overlay CPW (IOCPW)" is developed using micromachining techniques to provide easy means of airbridge connection between the ground planes, as well as to achieve low losses over wide impedance ranges. Measured IOCPW showed less than 1 dB/cm loss at 50 GHz over a wide impedance range from 25 to 80 /spl Omega/. It also offered low effective dielectric constant, and insensitivity to the substrate losses. Wide impedance ranges and simple process steps make IOCPW a promising uniplanar transmission line medium for mm-wave monolithic applications.
Twin Motion Faster Than the Speed of Sound (2010)

Twin growth is commonly thought to be bounded by the velocity of shear waves C(T) at which the information about this mechanical process travels in the material. Here, we report on experimental evidence of twin growth faster than the material's speed of sound. Driven by an electric field, needle twins in a ferroelectric crystal grew at intersonic speed, with an estimated average velocity close to square root(2) C(T). These results strengthen recent theoretical indications of intersonic dislocation motion, and contribute to the understanding of several twin motion-related processes.
Overexpression of the Transcription Factor<i>AP37</i>in Rice Improves Grain Yield under Drought Conditions     (2009)

Drought is a serious threat to the sustainability of rice yields in rainfed agriculture. In particular, exposure to drought conditions during the stage of panicle development of a rice plant results in a delayed flowering time, reduced number of spikelets and poor grain filling. In our recent report, we functionally characterized the rice AP37 gene for drought tolerance during the vegetative and reproductive growth. Transgenic overexpression of the AP37 with the OsCc1 promoter in rice increased the tolerance to drought, high salinity and low temperature at the vegetative stage. The transgenic plants OsCc1:AP37 also showed significantly enhanced drought tolerance at the reproductive stage, as evidenced by the increase in grain yield by 16-57% over controls under severe field drought conditions. Thus, our results suggest that the AP37 gene has the potential to improve drought tolerance without causing undesirable growth phenotypes.
New type of piezoelectric transformers (1994)

Abstract This study developes new types of piezoelectric transformer which vibrate in length extensional modes. Comparing with traditional piezoelectric transformers, the new ones improve polarization difficulities and depress audio noise output without sacrificing the electrical properties. The resonance of the developed piezoelectric transformers is adjustable by varying the poling direction or the wiring methods. Consequently, a single piece of piezoelectric transformer exhibits various voltage-frequency characteristics. In addition, the vibration mode shapes and frequency-impedance characteristics of piezoelectric transformers are simulated by finite element method. These simulation results are consistent with experimental data.
The regulatory status of gene-edited agricultural products in the EU and beyond (2017)

Governments all over the world are struggling with the regulatory status of gene-edited organisms. Are they regulated? Should they be regulated? In the present paper, the main focus is on the regulatory status of gene-edited organisms within the European regulatory framework. A stepwise analysis is performed that comes to the conclusion that gene-edited agricultural products that carry edits that can also occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination are not a genetically modified organism. On the question whether they should be regulated, it is argued that it is difficult to require regulatory oversight that would go beyond what we now require for conventional products that can carry the same types of alterations. A regulatory approach is pleaded for that abides to fundamental principles of law making, and which allows for gene editing to develop responsibly.
On the constituents of Linaria japonica Miq. II. The structure of linaridial, a new cis-clerodane-type diterpene dialdehyde. (1976)

A new diterpene dialdehyde named linaridial was isolated from the ether extractive of fresh subterranean part of Linaria japonica MIq. (Scrophulariaceae), and the structure has been established as 1 on the basis of the physicochemical evidence and the chemical correlation with known 5β-methyl-cis-furano-clerodane (7). Linaridial (1) is the first example of a cis-clerodane-type diterpene isolated from the scrophulariaceous plant. The examination of the MeOH extractive of the same plant has revealed the presence of two linaridial-analogues (LJ-1 (major) and LJ-2 (minor)) along with the small amount of linaridial (1). The structures, 11 and 12, have been assigned to LJ-1 and LJ-2, which seem to be the artefacts formed secondarily from linaridial (1) during the hot MeOH extraction procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid Phase Synthesis (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P2 Purinoceptors: Historical Perspective and Classification (2007)

This article presents an overview that gives some historical perspective to the detailed papers at the cutting edge of P2 purinoceptor research that follow. I consider the proposal, first put forward by Abbracchio & Burnstock (Pharmacol Ther 64:445-475, 1994), that P2 purinoceptors should be regarded as members of two main families: a P2X purinoceptor family consisting of ligand-gated ion channels, and a P2Y purinoceptor family consisting of G protein-coupled receptors. The latest subclasses of these two families (P2X1-4 and P2Y1-5), identified largely on the basis of molecular cloning and expression, are tabled. Finally, I suggest some future directions for P2 purinoceptor research, including studies of the long-term (trophic) actions of purines, the evolution and development of purinoceptors and therapeutic applications.
A turbidimetric method to determine visual appearance of protein solutions. (1994)

An instrumental method to analyze protein solutions for visual appearance is described which is based on spectrophotometric comparison to reference suspensions with varying degrees of turbidity. This method provides a useful substitute for visual inspection of uniform opalescent suspensions in that it is more convenient and less time-consuming and has the potential to be more reproducible, accurate and objective. Established categories of opalescence based on European Pharmacopoeial reference suspensions were determined using turbidity measured as optical density in the 340-360 nm range. A comparison of the mean optical density of a protein sample to those of the reference suspensions allowed a more reproducible assignment of the sample's category of opalescence than that of visual inspection.
Comparative preclinical activity of the folate‐targeted <i>Vinca</i> alkaloid conjugates EC140 and EC145 (2007)

EC140 is a water soluble folate conjugate of desacetylvinblastine monohydrazide (DAVLBH), which is constructed with an endosome-cleavable acyl hydrazone bond. This agent has proven to be active and specific against well established, subcutaneous folate receptor (FR)-positive tumors in multiple animal models. Recent structure-activity and optimization studies have yielded a disulfide bond-containing counterpart to EC140, herein referred to as EC145. This new conjugate was found to retain high affinity for FR-positive cells, and it produced specific, dose-responsive activity in vitro. Comparative in vivo efficacy tests confirmed that, like EC140, EC145 displays activity against both syngeneic and xenograft tumor models. However, EC145 was found to be more active and better tolerated than EC140; hence, more durable complete responses were consistently observed in EC145-treated tumor-bearing animals. Furthermore, EC145 was not found to be active against a FR-negative tumor model. Additional preclinical studies are therefore warranted to better understand EC145's breadth of activity against FR-positive tumors.
Ultrastructure and cytochemical localization of laccase in two strains of Leptosphaerulina briosiana (Pollaci) Graham and Luttrell (1979)

Substrate specificity tests were used to identify the presence of laccase in two strains of Leptosphaerulina briosiana (Poll.) Graham and Luttrell, an ascomycete which causes leaf spot in alfalfa. Cytochemical localization of monophenol monooxygenase (laccase) as well as the ultrastructures of the two strains were investigated. Laccase was observed in the outer layers of the cell walls of both strains. The ultrastructures of vegetative hyphae of both strains were typical of those found in most ascomycetes.
A comparative study between 3‐D diving‐wave tomography and head‐wave refraction methods (1998)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998A comparative study between 3‐D diving‐wave tomography and head‐wave refraction methodsAuthors: Konstantin OsypovKonstantin OsypovWestern Geophysical, Denver, Coloradohttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820115 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820115FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByTomographic velocity analysis and wave-equation depth migration in an overthrust terrain: A case study from the Tuha Basin, ChinaInterpretation, Vol. 6, No. 1Refraction tomography statics without ray tracing for rugged topographyHu Ziduo, Wang Xiwen, Wang Shujiang, Wang Yuchao, and Yong Yundong21 October 2010Ultra‐deepwater 4C offshore BrazilBill Cafarelli, Santi Randazzo, Steve Campbell, Jorge Fiori Fernandes Sobreira, Marcos A. Gallotti Guimaraes, Carlos Rodriguez, Paulo Johann, and Carlos Theodoro7 December 2005High‐resolution seismic traveltime tomography incorporating static corrections applied to a till‐covered bedrock environmentGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 69, No. 4 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1998 Pages: 2092 publication data© 1998 Copyright © 1998 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 06 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Konstantin Osypov, (1998), "A comparative study between 3‐D diving‐wave tomography and head‐wave refraction methods," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1222-1225. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820115 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
DEEP LEARNING FRAMEWORKS FOR MAIZE DISEASE DETECTION: A REVIEW - (2020)

Image-based maize disease detection is essential to protect the crop by early detection of the diseases, and to
increase its yield. Deep learning based detection systems has gained the attention of many researchers in recent times,
especially with the increase in the computational power of modern Graphics Processing Units. The present study presents a
comprehensive review of the deep learning frameworks for maize disease detection. The study highlighted the findings from
the survey and specified its future scope. Additionally, a detailed taxonomy of important maize diseases, along with their
visual symptoms in the early and later stages is presented. These symptoms are useful for classification of diseases in imagebased
techniques. The steps involved in a deep learning system for image classification are described, along with their pros
and cons. The article will allow the reader to gain valuable insights, along with the path to follow for progress in the
concerned field.
Mito, intersubjetividad y mundos posibles (2006)

Este articulo reflexiona sobre el estatuto de la intersubjetividad en los textos narrativos en una perspectiva etnometodologica se analiza la ritualizacion de las interacciones cara a cara y el caracter de los relatos miticos. La distincion entre el caracter factural/ficcional de la narracion se vuelve particularmente determinante en los relatos de experiencia personal. Los ejemplos han sido extraidos de los relatos orales en torno a la aparicion de un monje fantasma agustino en las iglesias de Puebla (Mexico).
New Mode of Action for a Knottin Protein Bioinsecticide (2011)

PA1b (for pea albumin 1 subunit b) is a plant bioinsecticide lethal to several pests that are important in agriculture or human health. PA1b belongs to the inhibitory cystine knot family or knottin family. Originating from a plant (the garden pea) commonly eaten by humans without any known toxic or allergic effects, PA1b is a candidate for transgenic applications and is one of the most promising biopesticides for pest control. Using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques on Sf9 PA1b-sensitive lepidopteran insect cells, we discovered that PA1b reversibly blocked ramp membrane currents in a dose-dependent manner (EC(50) = 0.52 μM). PA1b had the same effect as bafilomycin, a specific inhibitor of the vacuolar proton pump (V-type H(+)-ATPase), and the PA1b-sensitive current depended on the internal proton concentration. Biochemical assays on purified V-ATPase from the lepidopteran model Manduca sexta showed that PA1b inhibited the V(1)V(0)-type H(+)-ATPase holoenzyme activity (IC(50) ∼ 70 nM) by interacting with the membrane-bound V(0) part of the V-ATPase. V-ATPase is a complex protein that has been studied increasingly because of its numerous physiological roles. In the midgut of insects, V-ATPase activity is essential for energizing nutrient absorption, and the results reported in this work explain the entomotoxic properties of PA1b. Targeting V-ATPase is a promising means of combating insect pests, and PA1b represents the first peptidic V-ATPase inhibitor. The search for V-ATPase inhibitors is currently of great importance because it has been demonstrated that V-ATPase plays a role in so many physiological processes.
Propagation in Asymmetrical Anisotropic Film Waveguides (1974)

This paper considers a zig-zag wave analysis of three-layered biaxially anisotropic film waveguides with one of the principal axes of the crystal in the direction of propagation in each of the three media and other two parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the film. It provides an exact solution for the cutoff condition and approximate analytical expressions for the propagation constant, both near and far from cutoff. These approximations describe the propagation constant with sufficient accuracy even when the approximate components of the refractive index differ by as much as 10%. Several numerical examples illustrate the usefulness of the approximate relations. Graphical plots for the case of LiNbO(3) film waveguides on LiTaO(3) substrate are included.
Synthesis and crosslinking behavior of a novel linear polymer bearing 1,2,3‐triazol and benzoxazine groups in the main chain by a step‐growth click‐coupling reaction (2008)

Abstract The click‐coupling reaction was applied to polycondensation, to synthesize a high‐molecular weight prepolymer having benzoxazine moieties in the main chain. For the polycondensation, a bifunctional N ‐propargyl benzoxazine was synthesized from bisphenol A, propargylamine, and formaldehyde. The propargyl group was efficiently used for the copper(I)‐catalyzed alkyne‐azide “click” reaction with p ‐xylene‐α,α′‐diazide, to give the corresponding linear polycondensate having 1,2,3‐triazole junctions. The polycondensation proceeded in N , N ‐dimethylformamide (DMF) at room temperature. By this highly efficient “click‐” polycondensation reaction, the benzoxazine ring in the monomer was successfully introduced into the polymer main chain without any side reaction. The obtained polymer (=prepolymer) underwent thermal crosslinking to afford the corresponding product, which was insoluble in a wide range of organic solvents and exhibited higher thermal stability than the polymer before crosslinking. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 2316–2325, 2008
<i>β-</i>Thiophene-Fused BF<sub>2</sub>-Azadipyrromethenes as Near-Infrared Dyes (2014)

A facile synthetic route to a new class of near-IR β-thiophene-fused BF2-azadipyrromethenes (aza-BDTPs) is presented. Sharp absorption and fluorescence emission bands at around 800 nm were observed for these highly photostable aza-BDTPs, with a large absorption coefficient and very low absorptions in the visible range from 700 to 380 nm.
POLAR 3.0: An Ultrafast Global Placement Engine (2015)

Placement is one of the most important problems in electronic design automation. Although it has been investigated for several decades, a more efficient core engine is critically needed for the following reasons: (1) design scale becomes huge; (2) placement is typically run again and again to explore the design space at early design stages (e.g., physical synthesis); (3) placement core engine is called many times to iteratively optimize other objectives (e.g., timing and routability). In this paper, we propose a new ultrafast global placement engine called POLAR 3.0, which explores parallelism in state-of-the-art quadratic placer. POLAR 3.0 can make full use of multi-core system and it delivers 7–30× speedup over state-of-the-art academic placers by using a 8-core CPU, while the solution quality is competitive.
Multifunctional dual Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub>cathode for both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries (2014)

Na3V2(PO4)2F3 with a NASICON-type structure is shown to be synthesised with the particle surface found to be coated with amorphous carbon with its thickness in the range of 25–32 nm. The crystallographic planes (hkl) are labelled according to Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations towards the as-prepared Na3V2(PO4)2F3. The performances of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 have been investigated in lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, exhibiting a specific capacity of 147 mA h g−1 with an average discharge plateau around 4 V vs. Li+/Li, and 111.5 mA h g−1 with three discharge plateaus in sodium-ion batteries. A predominant Li ion insertion mechanism is verified by comparing the redox potentials from CV and charge/discharge curves. It is found that the main migration from/into the crystallographic sites of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 of Li ions is favoured to obtain satisfactory properties by a two-step process, while the Na ions are found to require three steps. The stable and three-dimensional open framework of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 is considered to be vital for the excellent C-rate and cycling performances, as well as the fast ion diffusion with a magnitude of 10−11 cm2 s−1, which could demonstrate that Na3V2(PO4)2F3 is a multifunctional dual cathode for both lithium and sodium ion batteries and capable to be a promising candidate in the construction of high-energy batteries.
Carbon Equivalent to Assess Hardenability of Steel and Prediction of HAZ Hardness Distribution (2007)

A practical method to predict HAZ hardness distribution was studied by considering the effect of prior austenite grain sizes on hardenability and that of tempering. For 400 to 490MPa grade steels, hardness distribution between fusion and Ac 3 lines can be fairly well predicted by introducing the effect of grain sizes to the maximum HAZ hardness prediction method. For boron added 780MPa grade steel, since the maximum hardness is obtained at the area a little bit away from the fusion line, the present method cannot predict its HAZ hardness well. Hardness at Ac 1 line can be evaluated with the tempering parameter.
Suppression of torsional oscillations in a high-performance speed servo drive (1998)

This paper deals with the problem of mechanical resonance in modern servo drive systems having the speed control loop bandwidth and resonance frequency above 100 Hz. To enable the extension of the range of stable gains in the presence of flexible coupling, a simple and straightforward modification of the speed loop controller is proposed in order to augment the performance of present speed controllers and to make them accordant with mechanical structure suffering from the compliance problem. This paper is comprised of the analytical considerations, straightforward design guidelines, and results of experimental verification obtained by an experimental setup with the elastically coupled 7-N m synchronous servo motor and mechanical resonance frequency of 160 Hz.