gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research Progress in Preparation of Trichlorosucrose (2005)

The recent development of the preparation of trichlorosucrose was reviewed.The preparation method of trichlorosucrose with the hydrolyzed raffinose was introduced mostly.
Potential convergence of insulin and cAMP signal transduction systems at the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene promoter through CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP). (1994)

Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) stimulates phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene transcription, whereas insulin has the opposite effect. In H4IIE cells, the effect of insulin is dominant since it represses cAMP-stimulated transcription. Discrete cis-acting elements in the PEPCK promoter that serve as an insulin response sequence (IRS) and cAMP response element (CRE) have been identified. Here we show that common proteins can bind both elements, since: (i) an almost identical pattern of protein binding is seen when oligonucleotides representing either the IRS or the CRE are used as the labeled probe in a gel retardation assay and (ii) the unlabeled wild-type, but not mutated, CRE oligonucleotide competes for protein binding to the labeled IRS probe, and vice versa. Six homo- and heterodimer complexes interact with these DNA elements; the complexes are composed of three individual protein species: (a) 42-kDa C/EBP alpha, (b) 30-kDa C/EBP alpha, and (c) an unidentified 20-kDa factor termed p20- CRE/IRS Binding Protein (p20-C/IBP). These proteins have a 30-fold greater affinity for the CRE at room temperature, a difference explained by the rapid dissociation rate of protein bound to the IRS, since the association rate of protein binding to both the IRS and CRE is the same. Protease digestion experiments suggest that the proteins bind to the CRE and IRS in different conformations. The IRS and CRE both function in the context of a heterologous promoter to mediate effects of insulin and cAMP, respectively, but, although the PEPCK IRS and CRE bind common proteins, the PEPCK CRE is not a functional IRS and the PEPCK IRS is not a functional CRE.
A Low-Power 114-GHz Push–Push CMOS VCO Using<i>LC</i>Source Degeneration (2007)

An LC source-degeneration negative-resistance cell of an LC VCO is investigated, which is capable of operating at millimeter-wave (MMW) range with low dc power consumption. Several negative-resistance cells in LC oscillators are also compared. The LC source-degenerated topology is demonstrated through a 114-GHz push-push fully integrated LC VCO implemented in TSMC 0.13-mum CMOS process. With core power consumption of 8.4 mW, the tuning range at the fundamental port is 56.4-57.6 GHz and at the push-push port is 112.8-115.2 GHz. The measured phase noise at the fundamental port is -13.6 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset. This VCO is believed to have the best figure of merit among MMW VCOs using bulk CMOS processes.
O<inf>2</inf> plasma treatment in polymer insulation process for through silicon vias (2014)

Through silicon via (TSV) technology has been widely applied in CMOS image sensors (CIS). This paper reports the wetting behavior of polymer liquid in the TSV insulation process by spin coating. The O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma treatment was used to increase the hydrophilicity of the substrate surface in order to reduce the adhesion between the polymer liquid and the via sidewall. This surface treatment was to ensure that the polymer liquid can enter the vias smoothly. Besides, the O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma treatment to the wafer could also improve the wetting rate and decrease the balanced contact angle. During the course of the present study, different parameters of power and time of O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma treatment were used to modify the wafer surface and the sidewall of vias. The optimal O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma treatment condition was determined with the power of 160 W and the processing time of 25 s. It was confirmed that the method of O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma treatment is beneficial to the wetting in the deposition process of the polymer insulation layer for TSVs.
Support for Digital VCR Functionality over Network for H.264/AVC (2008)

In this paper, we propose a scalable video coding scheme for H.264/AVC video that fully utilizes the benefits of Switching frames (SP/SI) to facilitate user-friendly remote multimedia stream browsing and editing. A content aware rate-control algorithm is developed to adoptively determine the optimal encoding configuration for balancing the trade-off between video coding efficiency and temporal scalability. Our temporal scalable coding scheme is useful for implementing DVCR-like interactive functionality such as fast-forwarding and reversing in multimedia streaming applications such as Video-On-Demand, video broadcasting and remote video editing.
Repair Kinetics of the Stratum corneum under Repeated Insults (2004)

<i>Background:</i> The stratum corneum (SC) structure and functions are altered by surfactants. Enhancing the repair mechanisms is a goal for some skin care formulations. <i>Aim:</i> To design an experimental procedure allowing the discrimination of repair efficacy for topical products applied to threatened SC. <i>Method:</i> Controlled SC strippings followed by repeated forearm soak sessions in surfactant solutions were used to compromise the SC barrier function in 20 volunteers. Two test formulations were compared. They were applied twice daily for 2 weeks before initiating the SC damages, and for the next 2 weeks while sustaining the procedure of soak sessions. Daily assessments involved objective measurements of parameters including transepidermal water loss, the value of the passive sustainable SC hydration and the epidermal turnover rate using the dihydroxyacetone test. <i>Result:</i> The experimental procedure allowed to clearly distinguish the differences in the kinetics of SC repair between the topical formulations. In the present study design, the repair of the barrier function mirrored the SC renewal. <i>Conclusion:</i> The present experimental design slows down the repair rate of the SC barrier function. Thus, it increases the sensitivity of biometrological measurements assessing some of the major SC properties. It also better mimics the common in vivo situation experienced by subjects chronically exposed to irritant xenobiotics.
Construction of Low-Density Parity-Check Codes Based on Balanced Incomplete Block Designs (2004)

This correspondence presents a method for constructing structured regular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes based on a special type of combinatoric designs, known as balance incomplete block designs. Codes constructed by this method have girths at least 6 and they perform well with iterative decoding. Furthermore, several classes of these codes are quasi-cyclic and hence their encoding can be implemented with simple feedback shift registers.
Last Book: The Delivery of Future Content (2001)

This paper discusses the future of the printed book. The first section considers factors contributing to predictions of its eventual demise and replacement by electronic versions, the increasing volume of digitized material, superior characteristics of digital publications, and the development of technologies that will allow the e-book to become as portable as the printed book. This section also describes the B's test of portability (i.e., the capability to be used in the bedroom, bathroom, bus, and beach), current developments, and barriers to greater usage of e-books. The second section discusses the advantages of print and evidence to support the continuation of print materials. The third section considers the library's response in terms of managing print and digital collections. The fourth section addresses the importance of a common user interface to the delivery of content in the future, and the fifth section presents key properties of the library portal. The sixth section describes the four layers (presentation, applications, protocols, and contents) of the library portal and provides a diagram of portal architecture. (MES) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Last Book: The Delivery of Future Content 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MAlL DIAL HAS BEEN GRAN! ED BY
Issues Raised in the Limitation, Control and Measurement of Radiation Risks (1989)

Abstract Over the past few years a consistent set of quantities for ionising radiation measurements in radiological protection have been defined. The efforts being made by those concerned with radiation dosimetry to ensure the universal adoption and use of these quantities are now threatened by further developments in risk concepts. The most serious threats arise from changed perceptions about the quality factors appropriate for different radiations due to improved biological information about relative biological effectiveness, and the increased importance to be given to the cancer risk estimates derived from the Hiroshima and Nagasaki survivors following the revised dose estimates. A change in the basis of quality factor specification will require careful consideration if it is not to produce further problems in obtaining agreement on the conceptual basis for radiological protection metrology. The change is primarily for adoption in the calculation of the risk quantity, effective dose equivalent. Some of the possible options for taking account of the change in regard to the measurement quantities are: 1. Apply the changed quality factors directly in the calculation of ambient dose equivalent, directional dose equivalent, etc. 2. Retain the existing energy dependencies of the measurement quantities and apply a constant factor at all energies. 3. Apply different factors over restricted energy ranges to the measurement quantities. 4. Specify envelope functions to represent fluence or air kerma conversion factors and use these factors for the design calibration, etc. of radiation detectors for radiological protection. Of these options the second is the simplest and most economic.
Phase II Study of Oxaliplatin in Platinum-Resistant and Refractory Ovarian Cancer: A Gynecologic Group Study (2003)

Oxaliplatin as a single agent has minimal activity in patients with platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer at the dosage and schedule tested. However, future studies of oxaliplatin combined with other active agents in women with platinum-naïve or platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian carcinoma may be indicated.
Word-level Lexical Normalisation using Context-Dependent Embeddings (2019)

Lexical normalisation (LN) is the process of correcting each word in a dataset to its canonical form so that it may be more easily and more accurately analysed. Most lexical normalisation systems operate at the character-level, while word-level models are seldom used. Recent language models offer solutions to the drawbacks of word-level LN models, yet, to the best of our knowledge, no research has investigated their effectiveness on LN. In this paper we introduce a word-level GRU-based LN model and investigate the effectiveness of recent embedding techniques on word-level LN. Our results show that our GRU-based word-level model produces greater results than character-level models, and outperforms existing deep-learning based LN techniques on Twitter data. We also find that randomly-initialised embeddings are capable of outperforming pre-trained embedding models in certain scenarios. Finally, we release a substantial lexical normalisation dataset to the community.
The Second Generation of Electronic Diesel Fuel Injection Systems-Investigation with a Rotary Pump (1986)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes concepts of the next generation of electronic diesel fuel injection (EDFI) systems, and the test results of the prototype, named “Mode 1-1”.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Important characteristics of the next generation of EDFI will be; mechanical simplicity, direct control and pump intelligence,.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Direct spill control using a high speed solenoid valve for injection regulation and pump mounted electronic circuits were used in the “Model-1” system.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The test results demonstrate the advantages of this system, and suggest possibilities of new functions such as individual cylinder control, pilot injection and multi fuel usage.</div>
Effects of La2O3 Capping Layers Prepared by Different ALD Lanthanum Precursors on Flatband Voltage Tuning and EOT Scaling in TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si MOS Structures (2011)

The use of thin capping layers that are inserted between the gate metal and dielectric layers have been shown to simultaneously cause a negative flatband voltage (Vfb) shift and to stabilize low threshold voltage (VTH). A major challenge with capping layers is to achieve adequate effective work function shifts without large increases in equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) (ΔEOT). In this work, the effects of La2O3 cap layers prepared by different ALD Lanthanum precursors, La(fAMD)3 and La(thd)3, on flatband voltage tuning and EOT scaling in TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) structures was investigated. Experimental results showed that ΔVfb and ΔEOT as high as 0.45 V and 0.055 nm, caused by dipoles at the lower interface between HfO2 and SiO2 interlayer and the diffusion of La and Hf atoms to the SiO2 interlayer, were achieved by a 1 nm thick La2O3 capping layer using a La(fAMD)3 precursor, while a relatively smaller Vfb and EOT of −0.7 V and 1.27 nm were obtained from the noncap TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si MOSCAP sample. The use of a La(fAMD)3 precursor for the La2O3 capping layer deposition has been shown being much superior to La(thd)3 due to lower atomic layer deposition (ALD) process temperature and shorter O3 oxidant pulse duration.
Penetrance of PD in Glucocerebrosidase Gene Mutation Carriers (2012)

I read the article by Tan et al. 1 who discuss -3 fatty acid levels and markers of accelerated brain aging. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a long chain polyunsaturated -3 fatty acid, activates the retinoid X receptor (RXR) signaling pathway. Activation of RXR stimulated physiologic A clearance mechanisms and resulted in rapid reversal of A-induced deficits. 3 Higher levels of the -3 fatty acid, DHA, through activation of the RXR signaling pathways, may result in increased apoE and subsequent clearance of soluble -amyloid, resulting in improved cognitive function and inhibition of brain aging.
A direction-adaptive in-loop deartifacting filter for video coding (2008)

Recent video coding strategies, such as H.264/AVC, incorporate an in-loop deblocking filter in order to reduce the effects of quantization noise. These techniques are limited to treating blocky artifacts on smooth regions. In order to solve this, sparsity-based filtering techniques have been recently proposed for efficient filtering of edge and textured areas. More recently, direction-adaptive sparsity-based filtering has also allowed to exploit directional features on intra encoded pictures. This paper proposes a high-performance in-loop filter for deartifacting intra and inter encoded video data. This work extends for Inter frames the use of direction-adaptive sparsity-based filtering techniques and it improves performance by adaptively selecting filtering thresholds consistent with quantization noise statistics, local encoding conditions, compression requirements and the original signal. Thresholds are both spatially and temporally adapted to optimize video quality and/or coding cost. Selected thresholds are encoded and transmitted as side information to the decoder. Experimental results show significant bit rate savings and visual quality enhancement when compared to the state-of-the- art H.264/AVC codec using in-loop deblocking filtering.
Estimation of spin-diffusion length from the magnitude of spin-current absorption: Multiterminal ferromagnetic/nonferromagnetic hybrid structures (2005)

We demonstrate the method to calculate the spatial distributions of the spin current and accumulation in the multiterminal ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic hybrid structure using an approximate electrotransmission line. The analyses based on the obtained equation yield the results, in good agreement with the experimental ones. This implies that the method allows us to determine the spin diffusion length of an additionally connected electrically floating wire from the reduction of the spin signal.
Structural Models for Interactions between the 20S Proteasome and Its PAN/19S Activators (2009)

Proteasome activity is regulated by sequestration of its proteolytic centers in a barrel-shaped structure that limits substrate access. Substrates enter the proteasome by means of activator complexes that bind to the end rings of proteasome alpha subunits and induce opening of an axial entrance/exit pore. The PA26 activator binds in a pocket on the proteasome surface using main chain contacts of its C-terminal residues and uses an internal activation loop to trigger gate opening by repositioning the proteasome Pro-17 reverse turn. Subunits of the unrelated PAN/19S activators bind with their C termini in the same pockets but can induce proteasome gate opening entirely from interactions of their C-terminal peptides, which are reported to cause gate opening by inducing a rocking motion of proteasome alpha subunits rather than by directly contacting the Pro-17 turn. Here we report crystal structures and binding studies of proteasome complexes with PA26 constructs that display modified C-terminal residues, including those corresponding to PAN. These findings suggest that PA26 and PAN/19S C-terminal residues bind superimposably and that both classes of activator induce gate opening by using direct contacts to residues of the proteasome Pro-17 reverse turn. In the case of the PAN and 19S activators, a penultimate tyrosine/phenylalanine residue contacts the proteasome Gly-19 carbonyl oxygen to stabilize the open conformation.
Customer loyalty strategies (1998)

Abstract Takes a look at the worldwide trend toward loyalty marketing and highlights the reasons for this emphasis on loyalty. Asserts that building customer loyalty is a business strategy, not just a marketing program and that all businesses should seek to boost loyalty and maximize share of customer. Explores the various approaches to structuring customer loyalty strategies. Uses some real‐world examples to illustrate different approaches. Provides a consistent framework for developing a loyalty strategy and program. Offers insight to reduce the amount of time required to develop a loyalty strategy and touches on ways to help marketers avoid some classic mistakes. Maintains that the pursuit of customer loyalty is a perpetual one ‐ more of a journey than a destination.
Adiabatic adsorption of bulk binary gas mixtures. Analysis by constant pattern model (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdiabatic adsorption of bulk binary gas mixtures. Analysis by constant pattern modelShivaji Sircar and Ravi KumarCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1983, 22, 2, 271–280Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200021a017https://doi.org/10.1021/i200021a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views343Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
RF-photonic Link Using A Resonantly-Enhanced Mach-Zehnder Optical Modulator (2005)

An RF-photonic link using an optimized resonantly-enhanced optical intensity modulator (RE-MZM) is demonstrated. The enhanced modulator provides a 9dB link gain improvement when compared to a commercial, broadband modulator with a 3dB bandwidth of 11%. The noise figure of the link is experimentally measured as a function of optical power. Comparison to an un-enhanced modulator demonstrates that when the link noise is laser RIN limited, the enhanced modulator provides a significant improvement to noise figure. The intermodulation distortion of RE-MZM link is also analyzed and it is shown that the resonant enhancement does not impact modulation dynamic range.
Monolithic InGaAsP optoelectronic devices with silicon electronics (2001)

The interface between optoelectronic devices and microelectronic circuits is the crucial component in the further development of optical communications, calling for inexpensive mass-produced solutions. We present a procedure for how these diverse elements can be monolithically integrated. A stringent requirement is the compatibility with existing fabrication techniques of microelectronic circuits in silicon. We demonstrate the feasibility of our method by the monolithic integration of a photodetector, based on InGaAs-InP, with a three-stage MOS amplifier on a Si substrate in [100] crystallographic orientation. Basic performance figures (dark current, sensitivity) are comparable to those obtained with test structures on the native InP substrate. We show that the developed technologies can be extended to light-emitting diodes and laser structures displaying efficient electroluminescence.