gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high performance fixed-length compression method using the Karhunen-Loeve transform (1995)

A compression method is presented which combines the distinct advantage of being fixed length with the visual picture quality of transform-based coding methods. This method compresses the Karhunen-Loeve transform coefficients of 8/spl times/8 pixel blocks of the picture and attains a compression ratio of 15.37:1 for color images. Compared to the absolute moment block truncation coding, the other known fixed length compression method, our method improves the compression ratio by 68% and significantly improves the visual quality of the reconstructed picture.
Independent Prognostic Value of the 67-kd Laminin Receptor in Human Prostate Cancer (1997)

peer reviewed
Digital transmission link using surface emitting lasers and photoreceivers (1995)

Transmission system experiments using surface emitting lasers (SEL) and integrated photoreceivers have been carried out. The surface emitting laser utilizes proton implantation for current confinement and has a small signal bandwidth of 10 GHz. The p-i-n/modulation doped field effect transistor photoreceiver has a bandwidth of 11 GHz. Bit error rates of less than 10−9 were demonstrated using the SEL source and the photoreceiver. The receiver sensitivity is −16.5 dBm at 10 Gb/s.
Molecular Cloning of a Cellulase Gene from<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>and Its Expression in<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1986)

Journal Article Molecular Cloning of a Cellulase Gene from Bacillus subtilis and Its Expression in Escherichia coli Get access Yoshinao Koide, Yoshinao Koide Present address: Amano Pharmacentical Co. Nishiharu-cho, Nishikasugai-gun, Aichi Prefecture 481, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akira Nakamura, Akira Nakamura Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takeshi Uozumi, Takeshi Uozumi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Teruhiko Beppu Teruhiko Beppu Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 50, Issue 1, 1 January 1986, Pages 233–237, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867366 Published: 01 January 1986 Article history Received: 08 October 1985 Published: 01 January 1986
Organocobalt Complexes in Organic Synthesis (2001)

Cobalt complexes are now used to mediate a host of organic reactions. This review Attempts to cover advances in this field, which have occurred in the last five years except where other reviews have been published more recently. In those cases where reviews have been published recently, the literature since the last review has been covered. Reaction coverage includes, but is not limited to Diels-Alder reactions, cobaloxime pi-cation mediated cyclizations, the Pauson-Khand reaction, cobalt mediated (2 + 2 + 2) and related higher order couplings, the Nicholas reaction, and cobalt mediated oxidations and reductions.
The ionosphere at Huancayo, Peru, July to September, 1939 (1940)

This report on ionospheric conditions is in continuation of those published in preceding issues of this J ournal submitting results of continuous multifrequency ionospheric recordings at the Huancayo Magnetic Observatory, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington. The current data for the months July, August, and September, 1939, are obtained from recordings for each hour of the day and for every day of the month except for short intervals necessary for maintenance of the equipment.
Subband coding systems incorporating quantizer models (1995)

A new method for dealing with the effects of quantization in a subband system is proposed. It uses the "gain plus additive noise" linear model for the Lloyd-Max quantizer. Based on this, it is demonstrated how, by an appropriate choice of synthesis filters, one can cancel all signal-dependent errors at the output of the system. The only remaining error is random in nature and not correlated with the input signal. We therefore have a tradeoff between the error being only random or having signal-dependent components as well (since the error variances in both cases are comparable). As a result of having only a random error, it is possible to reduce this error using, for example, a noise removal technique. The result is then extended to the case where the input is a multidimensional signal, and arbitrary sampling lattices are used, as well as to the QMF (alias cancellation) case. To demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach, two types of experiments on images are carried out: In a toy example, it is shown that using noise removal could be beneficial. For a more realistic coding scheme, however, it is demonstrated that even in the case when the model is no longer valid (when some of the subbands are discarded), the output error is still much less correlated with the input signal as opposed to the commonly used subband system, while visually, the reconstructed images look very similar.
Editors' Choice Communication—A (001) β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>MOSFET with +2.9 V Threshold Voltage and HfO<sub>2</sub>Gate Dielectric (2016)

An MOS transistor fabricated on (001) β-Ga2O3 exfoliated from a commercial (−201) β-Ga2O3 substrate is reported. A maximum drain current of 11.1 mA/mm was measured, and a non-destructive breakdown was reached around 80 V in the off state. Threshold voltage of +2.9 V was extracted at 0.1 V drain bias, and peak transconductance of 0.18 mS/mm was measured at VDS = 1 V, corresponding to a field effect mobility of 0.17 cm2/Vs. Hall effect and electron spin resonance data suggested that electron conductivity was due primarily to O vacancy donors (VO+) with an estimated density of 2.3 × 1017 (±50%) cm−3.
Induced multipotency in adult keratinocytes through down-regulation of <i>ΔNp63</i> or <i>DGCR8</i> (2014)

The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and the miRNA processing machinery in the regulation of stem cell biology are not well understood. Here, we show that the p53 family member and p63 isoform, ΔNp63, is a transcriptional activator of a cofactor critical for miRNA processing (DGCR8). This regulation gives rise to a unique miRNA signature resulting in reprogramming cells to multipotency. Strikingly, ΔNp63(-/-) epidermal cells display profound defects in terminal differentiation and express a subset of markers and miRNAs present in embryonic stem cells and fibroblasts induced to pluripotency using Yamanaka factors. Moreover, ΔNp63(-/-) epidermal cells transduced with an inducible DGCR8 plasmid can differentiate into multiple cell fates in vitro and in vivo. We found that human primary keratinocytes depleted of ΔNp63 or DGCR8 can be reprogrammed in 6 d and express a unique miRNA and gene expression signature that is similar but not identical to human induced pluripotent stem cells. Our data reveal a role for ΔNp63 in the transcriptional regulation of DGCR8 to reprogram adult somatic cells into multipotent stem cells.
GPS PRN Code Signal Processing and Receiver Design for Simultaneous All-in-View Coherent Signal Acquisition and Navigation Solution Determination (2007)

A new method of processing GPS signals offers 10 to 20 dB processing gain enhancement relative to current signal processing techniques, including wireless-assist GPS techniques (AGPS), for acquisition and navigation solution determination in weak signal and interference prone environments. The technique relies on wireless assist from a base station or other source to provide an appropriate set of initialization data, time synch and user equipment (UE) oscillator frequency calibration functions. This new technique coherently combines the power in all of the PRN code signals acquired and simultaneously determines the UE solution. The power available for detection and acquisition is thus based on the received power in all of the signals processed. Thus the processing gain relative to conventional techniques that acquire one PRN code signal at a time equals N, where N is the number of PRN code signals processed of comparable power level.
Real-time remote detection and measurement for airborne imaging spectroscopy: a case study with methane (2015)

Abstract. Localized anthropogenic sources of atmospheric CH4 are highly uncertain and temporally variable. Airborne remote measurement is an effective method to detect and quantify these emissions. In a campaign context, the science yield can be dramatically increased by real-time retrievals that allow operators to coordinate multiple measurements of the most active areas. This can improve science outcomes for both single- and multiple-platform missions. We describe a case study of the NASA/ESA CO2 and MEthane eXperiment (COMEX) campaign in California during June and August/September 2014. COMEX was a multi-platform campaign to measure CH4 plumes released from anthropogenic sources including oil and gas infrastructure. We discuss principles for real-time spectral signature detection and measurement, and report performance on the NASA Next Generation Airborne Visible Infrared Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG). AVIRIS-NG successfully detected CH4 plumes in real-time at Gb s−1 data rates, characterizing fugitive releases in concert with other in situ and remote instruments. The teams used these real-time CH4 detections to coordinate measurements across multiple platforms, including airborne in situ, airborne non-imaging remote sensing, and ground-based in situ instruments. To our knowledge this is the first reported use of real-time trace-gas signature detection in an airborne science campaign, and presages many future applications. Post-analysis demonstrates matched filter methods providing noise-equivalent (1σ) detection sensitivity for 1.0 % CH4 column enhancements equal to 141 ppm m.
DMCA: Professional Sports Leagues' Answer to Protecting Their Broadcasting Rights Against Illegal Streaming (2014)

Broadcasting rights of live games are extremely valuable to professional sports leagues because they produce a significant amount of revenue. 1 For example, beginning in 2014, Major League Baseball (MLB) will receive $12.4 billion annually from its television broadcasting contracts with FOX, TBS, and ESPN. 2 These broadcasting rights are not limited to television broadcasts; they extend to broadcasts over all mediums.Recently, the rights associated with broadcasting over the Internet have been most significant.There has been a trend of unauthorized websites streaming live games on the Internet. 3 These websites should cause great concern for professional sports leagues because they could decrease the overall value of the broadcasting rights associated with live games.If fans switch to watching games on these illegal websites, the
Stellenwert der Neutralfette als potentielle Energiequélle der menschlichen Spermatozoen (1983)

Im Mittelpunkt unserer Untersuchungen steht die Zusammensetzung und die Funktion der Neutralfette des menschlichen Sperma bei verschiedenen Fertilitätsstörungen. Hauptbestandteile der Neutralfette sind Triglyceride, freie Fettsäuren, Di- und Monoglyceride. Daneben werden auch Cholesterin- und Wachsester gefunden. Sowohl bei den freien Fettsäuren als auch bei den Triglyceriden ergaben sich signifikante Unterschiede bei den mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren, insbesondere bei der Docosahexaensäure, zwischen normalen und pathologisch veränderten Spermien. Untersuchungen mit 14C markierten Fettsäuren zeigen, daß der Einbau fast ausschließlich in die Neutralfette erfolgt. Diese Einbaurate ist von verschiedenen Faktoren abhängig, so 1. von der Art der angebotenen Fettäure, 2. von der Anzahl der Spermatozoen und 3. von ihrer Motilität. The Value of Neutral Lipids as Energy Source of Human Sperm The topic of our research was the composition and the function of neutral lipids of human semen from different andrological conditions. The principal components of neutral lipids are triglycerides, free fatty acids, di- and monoglycerides. Small amounts of cholesterolesters and waxes could also be detected. The percentage composition of the fatty acids of free fatty acids and triglycerides indicate that there are differences in the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid between normal and infertil human semen. The incorporation of 14C-labelled fatty acids in vitro into lipids shows that neutral lipids readily incorporate in contrast to phospholipids. The incorporation rate was a function 1. of the type of fatty acid 2. of the sperm density and 3. of the sperm motility.
A Protein Kinase C cDNA without the Regulatory Domain Is Active after Transfection In Vivo in the Absence of Phorbol Ester (1989)

We constructed mutant protein kinase C (PKC) cDNAs which expressed PKC activity in vivo in the absence of phorbol ester activation. A hybrid PKC gene, PKAC, was constructed by substituting the coding region for the N-terminal 253 amino acids of PKC alpha with the N-terminal 17 amino acids of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (PKA). A truncated PKC gene, delta PKC beta, lacking the coding region for amino acid positions 6 to 159 of PKC beta was also constructed. These mutant kinase genes expressed under the control of the SR alpha promoter activated the c-fos gene enhancer in Jurkat cells and initiated maturation of Xenopus laevis oocytes. Phorbol ester binding activity was absent in both constructs but was preserved in another hybrid gene, PKCA, which was composed of the coding region for 1 to 253 amino acids of PKC alpha at the N-terminal side and the coding region for 18 to 350 amino acids of PKA at the C-terminal side. These results indicate that elimination of the regulatory domain of PKC produces constitutively active PKC that can bypass activation by the phorbol ester. delta PKC beta, in synergy with a calcium ionophore, was capable of activating the interleukin 2 promoter, indicating that cooperation of PKC-dependent and calcium-dependent pathways is necessary for activation of the interleukin 2 gene.
Investigation of the probe-sample interaction in the ultrasonic/shear-force microscope: The phononic friction mechanism (2005)

The dissipative and conservative interactions between a sharp probe and a flat Si sample in the ultrasonic/shear-force microscope are investigated. It is shown that, when working in the ambient condition, there are two distinct probe-sample interaction regions: the pure dissipative interaction region in the relatively far probe-sample distance, and the highly correlated dissipative and conservative interaction region in the close probe-sample distance. The ultrasonic data suggest that the phonon generation is a dissipative channel for the probe-sample interaction in the shear force microscope. A shaking potential model is proposed to explain the phononic friction mechanism.
Randomized phase III study of carboplatin and paclitaxel versus vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in intermediate and poor prognosis small cell lung cancer: Preliminary results (2006)

7059 Background: The combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin has been found to be effective in lung cancer and well tolerated. Method: This is a phase III randomized trial of paclitaxel and carboplatin (PC) versus vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (CAV) chemotherapy in limited or extensive stage disease patients but with a prognostic score in the intermediate or poor prognosis range.The aim of the study is to determine the one year survival rate, the objective response rate and toxicity. Patients were randomized to: four cycles of PC (paclitaxel 200mg/m 2 by IV 3 hour infusion), followed by carboplatin (AUC of 6) by IV injection, 3-weekly or four cycles of CAV (cyclophosphamide 750mg/ m 2 , doxorubicin 40mg/ m 2 , vincristine 1.3mg/ m 2 by IV injection) every 3-weeks. Thoracic radiotherapy was considered for appropriate patients. Results: 219 patients (110 for CAV and 109 for PC) patients were randomized. Pre-treatment characteristics were well balanced for stage, performance status, and age. There was significantly more grade 3/4 neutropenia in the CAV arm than the PC arm, 67% vs 38% (p < 0.005), whereas the PC arm, had more grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia (19% versus 8% p = 0.012). The PC arm had more grade 2 and 3 neuropathy. 56% grade 3 and 4 infections were observed on CAV arm and 35% on the PC arm (p < 0.005). Hospitalization required for severe neutropenia and infections was less with PC, compared to CAV (146 days for IV antibiotics compared to 308 days for CAV, p < 0.005). Response rates for CAV and PC were 59% and 61% respectively. One-year survival rates for the CAV arm was 6% and 13% for the PC arm. The intention to treat analysis concluded that there is statistical difference on the overall survival time in favor of PC (P = 0.014). Median survival was 94 days (CAV) and 154 (PC). Conclusions: CAV chemotherapy in SCLC patients is associated with higher risk of neutropenic sepsis than taxane based PC chemotherapy with no significant difference on the response rate. The overall survival was better for the PC arm. Final results will follow. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hydrolysis of Sorghum Grain Starch by Rumen Microorganisms and Purified Porcine α-Amylase as Observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (1974)

Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe endosperm structure and starch hydrolysis of three sorghum grain types (waxy, yellow endosperm, bird resistant). Split kernels were subjected to either rumen digestion for 75 min. to 8 hr. or hydrolysis by purified porcine α-amylase for 48 hours. Starch granules in soft endosperm of yellow and bird-resistant types were smooth and spherical; those in a waxy variety were irregular in shape. Split kernels immersed in rumen fluid for as little as 75 min. showed differential hydrolysis: point-surface attack on the starch from the waxy grain, linear track hydrolysis on that from the yellow endosperm, and minor point hydrolysis on that from the bird resistant type. Photomicrographs of split kernels suspended inside ruminally fistulated steers indicated different modes of starch attack. Surface attack on the waxy starch was mainly point hydrolysis with alternate layers digested inside the starch granule. Yellow endosperm starch was digested without structural resistance.
Software-based burst mode reception implementation for time-domain wavelength interleaved networks (2015)

We demonstrate burst mode functionality on a continuous commercial receiver piloted by real-time control plane in an end-to-end sub-wavelength switching test-bed. The results show the receiver can maintain its continuous performance with marginal penalty regardless of data burst absence duration.
Low-Dose UVB Contributes to Host Resistance against<i>Leishmania amazonensis</i>Infection in Mice through Induction of Gamma Interferon and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Cytokines (2002)

UV radiation suppresses the immune response, a fact which raises the question of whether the phenomenon may find practical applications in the outcome of infectious diseases. In this study, BALB/c mice were exposed to low-dose UVB (250 J/m(2)) from Dermaray M-DMR-100 for 4 consecutive days. Twelve hours after the last UV exposure, groups of mice were injected with 2 x 10(6) Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes. The development of skin lesions, as assessed by measurement of visible cutaneous lesions, was significantly suppressed in low-dose UVB-irradiated mice compared to nonirradiated controls. In order to characterize the cytokines involved in this phenomenon, BALB/c mice were irradiated with identical doses of UVB, and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin 4 cytokine levels in blood serum and skin were examined at different times by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical analysis, and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Upregulated expression of serum IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha was observed from 6 to 24 h. Positive results for IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in UVB-irradiated mice were obtained by immunohistochemical analysis. By RT-PCR, the mRNA expression of both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha cytokines was detected in a time-dependent manner only in UVB-irradiated mice. Histopathological analysis and electron microscopy revealed that cellular infiltration, tissue parasitism, and parasitophorus vacuoles in irradiated mice were markedly less noticeable than those in nonirradiated controls. These results suggested that low-dose UVB irradiation played a pathogen-suppressing role in Leishmania-susceptible BALB/c mice via systemic and local upregulation of Th1 (IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) cytokines.
Structure of the major carbohydrate fragment of the Leishmania donovani lipophosphoglycan (1987)

The major carbohydrate fragment from the lipophosphoglycan of Leishmania donovani was generated by mild acid hydrolysis (0.02 N HCl, 5 min, 100 degrees C) and purified by chromatography on DE-52 cellulose and thin layer. By a combination of analyses including gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 1H NMR, the structure of the fragment was elucidated as PO4----6Gal(beta 1----4)Man. Approximately 16 of these phosphorylated disaccharide units occur in the overall glycoconjugate structure. NMR analysis of an alkaline phosphatase treated phosphorylated tetrasaccharide generated from lipophosphoglycan showed that the phosphorylated disaccharide units are linked together via alpha-glycosidic linkages. Complete characterization of the phosphorylated disaccharide units of lipophosphoglycan provides the first example of a defined carbohydrate anchored in membranes by a derivative of phosphatidylinositol.
Measuring sit-to-stand timing variability over time using under mattress pressure sensor technology (2014)

Getting out of bed is a fundamental activity of daily living and one that supports independent living. Under mattress pressure sensor technology represents a way to monitor changes in this basic but critical mobility task among older adults at risk of institutionalization. However, little is known about normal variations in this ability over time in the home context. This study used under mattress pressure sensors to measure and analyze the variability of sit-to-stand (STS) timing in a community-dwelling older adult. A pressure-sensitive mat was installed in the participant's home and left in place to collect information over a period of nine months. A processing algorithm was developed to extract the STS phase of the first morning bed exit from which STS time could be measured. STS timing data were visualized using a histogram and analyzed for trends over the extended period using nonparametric regression and wavelet analysis. Results indicate that the analytical methods used were able to identify trends in STS timing as well as highlight deviations. The ability to collect and analyze the variability of STS timing using this pressure sensitive technology combined with the analysis methodology provides clinicians with a way to assess mobility remotely in the home setting.