gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metodología para la Obtención de Modelos Semifísicos de Base Fenomenológica Aplicada a una Sulfitadora de Jugo de Caña de Azúcar (2009)

En este trabajo se presentan los Modelos Semifísicos de Base Fenomenológica (MSBF) como herramienta útil en el diseño, control y optimización de procesos químicos y biotecnológicos. Se realiza una descripción detallada de un método para la obtención de MSBF a partir del conocimiento y principios básicos de los procesos: balances de materia, energía y cantidad de movimiento, así como el principio de gradiente para obtener ecuaciones constitutivas. Se aplica el procedimiento descrito a la etapa de clarificación de un ingenio azucarero. En particular, se modela la torre de sulfitación de dicha etapa. El modelo se contrasta con el comportamiento de una sulfitadora real a través de simulación.
Home Screening for Hematuria: Results of a Multi-Clinic Study (1992)

The majority of urinary tract tumors cause bleeding in the urine. A program designed to detect hematuria before it is grossly apparent may contribute to earlier detection and more successful treatment of these malignancies. To test this hypothesis a hematuria home screening study was conducted. A total of 1,340 healthy men 50 years old or older used chemical reagent strips for 14 consecutive days to test the urine. Of the men 283 (21.1%) had at least 1 episode of hematuria. Of the 192 hematuria positive men who received a complete urological evaluation 16 (8.3%) had urological cancers and 47 (24.5%) had other hematuria-causing diseases that required immediate treatment. The quantity and frequency of hematuria were not related to disease severity. A hematuria home screening regimen is feasible and economical, and may promote the early detection of urinary tract cancers and other diseases in men more than 50 years old.
TGN38/41 recycles between the cell surface and the TGN: brefeldin A affects its rate of return to the TGN. (1993)

TGN38 and TGN41 are isoforms of an integral membrane protein (TGN38/41) that is predominantly localized to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) of normal rat kidney cells. Polyclonal antisera to TGN38/41 have been used to monitor its appearance at, and removal from, the surface of control and Brefeldin A (BFA)-treated cells. Antibodies that recognize the lumenal domain of TGN38/41 are capable of specific binding to the surface of both control and BFA-treated cells. In both control and BFA-treated cells internalized TGN38/41 is targeted to the TGN; however, there are differences in 1) the morphology of the intracellular structures through which TGN38/41 passes and 2) the kinetics of internalization. These data demonstrate that TGN38/41 cycles between the plasma membrane and the TGN in control and BFA-treated cells and suggest that recycling pathways between the plasma membrane and the TGN exist for predominantly TGN proteins as well as those that normally cycle to other intracellular compartments. They also demonstrate that addition of BFA not only alters the morphology and localization of the TGN but also the kinetics of endocytosis.
Biofiber‐reinforced polypropylene composites (1997)

Abstract Biofibers, natural lignocellulosics, have an outstanding potential as a reinforcement in thermoplastics. This study deals with the preparation of lignocellulosic composites by reactive extrusion processing in which good interfacial adhesion is generated by a combination of fiber modification and matrix modification methods. PP matrix was modified by reacting with maleic anhydride and subsequently bonded to the surface of the modified lignocellulosic component, in‐situ. The fiber surface was modified by reacting it with a silane in a simple and quick aqueous reaction system, similar to that employed for glass fibers. The modified fibers are then extruded with the modified polymer matrix to form the compatibilized composite. The various reactions between the lignocellulosic fiber/filler and modified polymer chains, is expected to improve the interfacial adhesion significantly as opposed to simple mixing of the two components, since new covalent bonds between the fiber surface and matrix are created in the former case. These composite blends were then injection molded for mechanical characterization. Typical mechanical tests on strength, toughness and Izod impact energy were performed and the results are reported. These findings are discussed in view of the improved adhesion resulting from reactions and enhanced polar interactions at phase boundaries.
Coronavirus Cell Entry Occurs through the Endo-/Lysosomal Pathway in a Proteolysis-Dependent Manner (2014)

Enveloped viruses need to fuse with a host cell membrane in order to deliver their genome into the host cell. While some viruses fuse with the plasma membrane, many viruses are endocytosed prior to fusion. Specific cues in the endosomal microenvironment induce conformational changes in the viral fusion proteins leading to viral and host membrane fusion. In the present study we investigated the entry of coronaviruses (CoVs). Using siRNA gene silencing, we found that proteins known to be important for late endosomal maturation and endosome-lysosome fusion profoundly promote infection of cells with mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV). Using recombinant MHVs expressing reporter genes as well as a novel, replication-independent fusion assay we confirmed the importance of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and demonstrated that trafficking of MHV to lysosomes is required for fusion and productive entry to occur. Nevertheless, MHV was shown to be less sensitive to perturbation of endosomal pH than vesicular stomatitis virus and influenza A virus, which fuse in early and late endosomes, respectively. Our results indicate that entry of MHV depends on proteolytic processing of its fusion protein S by lysosomal proteases. Fusion of MHV was severely inhibited by a pan-lysosomal protease inhibitor, while trafficking of MHV to lysosomes and processing by lysosomal proteases was no longer required when a furin cleavage site was introduced in the S protein immediately upstream of the fusion peptide. Also entry of feline CoV was shown to depend on trafficking to lysosomes and processing by lysosomal proteases. In contrast, MERS-CoV, which contains a minimal furin cleavage site just upstream of the fusion peptide, was negatively affected by inhibition of furin, but not of lysosomal proteases. We conclude that a proteolytic cleavage site in the CoV S protein directly upstream of the fusion peptide is an essential determinant of the intracellular site of fusion.
Robot-based hand motor therapy after stroke (2007)

Robots can improve motor status after stroke with certain advantages, but there has been less emphasis to date on robotic developments for the hand. The goal of this study was to determine whether a hand-wrist robot would improve motor function, and to evaluate the specificity of therapy effects on brain reorganization. Subjects with chronic stroke producing moderate right arm/hand weakness received 3 weeks therapy that emphasized intense active movement repetition as well as attention, speed, force, precision and timing, and included virtual reality games. Subjects initiated hand movements. If necessary, the robot completed movements, a feature available at all visits for seven of the subjects and at the latter half of visits for six of the subjects. Significant behavioural gains were found at end of treatment, for example, in Action Research Arm Test (34 +/- 20 to 38 +/- 19, P< 0.0005) and arm motor Fugl-Meyer score (45 +/- 10 to 52 +/- 10, P < 0.0001). Results suggest greater gains for subjects receiving robotic assistance in all sessions as compared to those receiving robotic assistance in half of sessions. The grasp task practiced during robotic therapy, when performed during functional MRI, showed increased sensorimotor cortex activation across the period of therapy, while a non-practiced task, supination/pronation, did not. A robot-based therapy showed improvements in hand motor function after chronic stroke. Reorganization of motor maps during the current therapy was task-specific, a finding useful when considering generalization of rehabilitation therapy.
Detecting salt domes using a dip guided 3D Sobel seismic attribute (2011)

Delineating salt is an inherently difficult problem. Currently, there are several methods to detecting salt bodies in seismic. However, the result and volumes are often noisy, and are therefore hard to use for voxel based segmentation interpretation. We present a new method of using a 3D Sobel edge detector in combination with dip guiding to generate clearer images. We also introduce elements of weighting and normalization to achieve our results. Using a data set from the Gulf of Mexico we compare our results to the original seismic and to the well known variance algorithm as a control. To validate our results we use volume rendering and geobody extraction to interpret bodies of interest and will show four main advantages of using our method, which are noise reduction, better fault definition, more continuity, and clearer salt body boundaries and shape.
Parallel Developments in Aprotic and Protic Ionic Liquids: Physical Chemistry and Applications (2007)

This Account covers research dating from the early 1960s in the field of low-melting molten salts and hydrates,which has recently become popular under the rubric of "ionic liquids". It covers understanding gained in the principal author's laboratories (initially in Australia, but mostly in the U.S.A.) from spectroscopic, dynamic, and thermodynamic studies and includes recent applications of this understanding in the fields of energy conversion and biopreservation. Both protic and aprotic varieties of ionic liquids are included, but recent studies have focused on the protic class because of the special applications made possible by the highly variable proton activities available in these liquids.
High Throughput Air Jetting Wafer Debonding fro 3D IC and MEMS Manufacturing (2016)

Depending on the material, the currently available wafer debonding mechanisms include thermal slide, peeling, or laser ablation. These all require physical exposure to the thinned device wafer. On the other hand, typical batch debonding requires chemical diffusion through a thin gap or perforated holes in the carrier, which is usually considered high cost and with extremely low throughput. In this paper we present the AirDebond technology, which enables instant wafer debonding at room temperature with extremely low-stress air jetting. With an isolation film layer of precisely controlled low peel adhesion on its surface, the carrier stacks the device wafer with a bonding adhesive to support fabrication processing at a later time. By breaking the isolation film sealing around the carrier, we inject a stream of airflow into the interface between the film and the carrier to separate the two, thus lifting the carrier from the stack. A full process evaluation on a 200-mm wafer is presented, which includes the isolation film properties and coating specifications. To provide good mechanical support while enabling the ease of separation with air jetting, the material and adhesion properties of the isolation film were optimized and are thoroughly discussed in this paper.
Atypical chest pain (1992)

Atypical pain in the chest accounts for many visits to physicians. Possible sources of the pain include the pericardium, the pulmonary system, the aorta, the gastrointestinal tract, the chest wall, the mitral apparatus, and psychogenic factors. Identifying the source primarily involves taking an accurate history and understanding the prevalence of coronary artery disease in various patient populations. Electrocardiography chest films, and stress testing may help identify the source of pain. Cardiac catheterization should be reserved for patients with abnormal findings on non-invasive tests, those with unclear test results, and, rarely, as reassurance for patients with frequent episodes of atypical chest pain or their caregivers.
A review of surgery navigation system based on ultrasound guidance (2012)

Ultrasound-guided surgery navigation are medical procedures that use computer-based systems to provide real-time ultrasound images to help the physician precisely visualize and target the surgical site by updating the intraoperative information. This field has been widely expanded by the advances in ultrasound imaging quality and computing power over the past 20 years. This review begins with the advantages of US imaging and describes two ways of ultrasonic navigation participate in surgery navigation which are laparoscopic ultrasound and US images combined with preoperative CT or MR images. Then we describes the component technologies of tracking and localization systems, register intraoperative ultrasound images and preoperative images, 3D US images reconstruction and visualization techniques, software and algorithm.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in China. (1986)

Measurement of serum IgG antibody to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was evaluated as a serodiagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis in China. The test was 89% sensitive and 94 to 100% specific with high accuracies of prediction. Among 82 tuberculous patients, antibody titer was related to the extent of pulmonary disease. Among control subjects, false positive tests were encountered among 5 of 52 persons with other pulmonary disease and not among 30 healthy subjects. The characteristics of this test compare favorably with those reported for sputum smear examination.
Design and analysis of a miniature W-band MMIC subharmonically pumped resistive mixer (2004)

A W-band monolithic sub-harmonically pumped (SHP) resistive mixer was designed and fabricated using a standard 0.15/spl mu/m PHEMT process. A nonlinear model featuring modified drain-current characteristics was developed and used in circuit simulation. A small chip size of 1.5 /spl times/ 1.0 mm/sup 2/ was achieved by using a transformer as a LO balun. Measured results of this circuit showed 14-18 dB conversion losses from 75 to 88 GHz, and agree well with simulation. Analysis on circuit imbalance shows that the phase imbalance of the balun is the dominant factor on LO isolation, and the conversion loss is quite robust to all circuit imbalances.
<title>New Technique For Inspecting Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) Wafers For Defects</title> (1982)

A new technique for inspecting extremely hign density CCU wafers (292 x 492 picture elements) for surface defects is proposed. The differential operator and the thresholding are employed to extract pattern boundary with a high. S/N ratio, after which a set of the pixels in a pattern area compared with the corresponding set of pixels in the adjacent repeating pattern. The defect is identified as the number of unmatching pixels by the above processing, adding the reduction technique for associated noise of the boundary. The practical system including the hardware logic of those processing ones it possible to inspect a 3-inch CCD wafer in 80 minutes.
Un método para desarrollar el trabajo en equipo y compartir recursos en bibliotecas digitales, SOSIG (2001)

The high economic cost, the difficulty to have updated information and the lack of resources supposes serious difficulties to be able to harness electronic products. The increasing information available through Internet makes the necessary development of tools for the selection of the data to which it is wanted to accede, but without a doubt an important factor will be the possibility of sharing the process of work between diverse centers. Social Science Information Gateway, SOSIG, have developed a work method that can facilitate to a great extent what we called work in equipment and cooperation.
Experimental cancer therapy using restoration of NAD+-linked 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase expression (2009)

Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2)-mediated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) overexpression plays an important role in tumor growth, metastasis, and immunosuppression. It has been shown that expression of NAD(+)-linked 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), a key enzyme responsible for PGE(2) inactivation, is suppressed in the majority of cancers, including breast and colon carcinoma. We have developed adenoviral vectors (Ad) encoding the 15-PGDH gene under control of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1/flt-1; Adflt-PGDH) and the Cox-2 (Adcox-PGDH) promoters. The purpose of this study was to investigate cytotoxicity in vitro and therapeutic efficacy in vivo of 15-PGDH-mediated cancer therapy. The levels of PGE(2) and VEGF expression were correlated with PGE(2) receptor and Cox-2 and flt-1 expression in cancer cells. The in vitro study showed that Ad-mediated 15-PGDH expression significantly decreased proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Animal breast and colon tumor therapy studies showed that 15-PGDH gene therapy produced a significant delay in 2LMP and LS174T tumor growth. Combined therapy using 15-PGDH and anti-VEGF antibody (bevacizumab) significantly increased inhibition of growth of LS174T tumor xenografts in comparison with agents alone. These results suggest that 15-PGDH-mediated regulation of PGE(2) catabolism in the tumor microenvironment represents a novel approach for therapy of human breast and colon cancer.
Polytef Granuloma Clinically Simulating Carcinoma of the Thyroid (1975)

A case of a foreign body granuloma to polytef (Teflon) appeared as a mass on the left side of the neck and clinically simulated carcinoma of the thyroid. Autopsy results demonstrated that the intracordal polytef extended through the cricothyroid membrane via a fistulous tract forming a suprathyroid nodule.
A performance evaluation of open source graph databases (2014)

With the proliferation of large, irregular, and sparse relational datasets, new storage and analysis platforms have arisen to fill gaps in performance and capability left by conventional approaches built on traditional database technologies and query languages. Many of these platforms apply graph structures and analysis techniques to enable users to ingest, update, query, and compute on the topological structure of the network represented as sets of edges relating sets of vertices. To store and process Facebook-scale datasets, software and algorithms must be able to support data sources with billions of edges, update rates of millions of updates per second, and complex analysis kernels. These platforms must provide intuitive interfaces that enable graph experts and novice programmers to write implementations of common graph algorithms. In this paper, we conduct a qualitative study and a performance comparison of 12 open source graph databases using four fundamental graph algorithms on networks containing up to 256 million edges.
A Consistent Backup Mechanism for Disaster Recovery that Using Container Based Virtualization (2012)

Today's businesses have relied much on system backup and disaster recovery, of which there are more and more products that based on various virtualization platforms, as the virtualization technologies kept developing. Container based virtualization, which is a kind of high efficiency virtualization technology, has great potential to support building more flexible backup and disaster recovery system on its platform. In this paper, we introduce a consistent backup mechanism for disaster recovery that using container based virtualization. First, we proposed the concept of consistent checkpoint which contains both memory and disk image at the backup point in time. Then, for backing up disk image, we use incremental backup method and a two-step aggressive backup process, in which production system and data backup can run at the same time, to deal with it. At last, we combine our disk backup method and the memory checkpoint function of virtualization platform together to accomplish the whole consistent checkpoint's backup. A prototype of our system, in which a non-volatile local buffer is introduced for both speed and reliability purpose, is implemented. And the experimental testing result shows that our system's running overhead to production system is sensible, especially the overhead can drop to only 0.5% when backup is done. Also by using our system, backup frequency of production system has the potential to reach over fifteen times per minute. All these can prove that our consistent backup mechanism is suitable for disaster recovery purpose in container based virtualization platform.
Combinatorial Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of an Indexed Chalcone Library (2005)

A 120-membered chalcone library has been designed and prepared from six differently substituted acetophenones (A1-A6) and 20 benzaldehydes (B1-B20). The library was subjected to biological studies targeted against six bacterial strains. For the identification of the most-active member(s) of the library, the so-called indexed or positional-scanning method was applied. Six out of 26 sub-libraries, i.e., AL1-AL6, were synthesized by keeping the acetophenone moiety A fixed and using equimolar quantities of the 20 different benzaldehydes. The remaining 20 sub-libraries BL1-BL20 were prepared by keeping the benzaldehyde B component fixed and varying the six acetophenones (Table 1). The bactericidal activities of the resulting sub-libraries were tested and used as indices to the rows or columns of a two-dimensional matrix. Finally, parallel synthesis of 24 specific members with the highest-expected antibacterial activities, present in two sub-libraries, was carried out. These chalcones were screened again, and the results were exploited for establishing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and the identification of the lead compound, which turned out to be 1,3-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (A2B2) in terms of activity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis (Tables 5-7).
Fast and low roundoff implementation of quadrature mirror filters for subband coding (1995)

We propose a fast and low roundoff-noise implementation of alias-free quadrature mirror filters (QMFs) for tree-structured subband coding. When N-tap FIR QMFs are directly utilized, they require 2N multiplications and 2(N-1) additions to obtain a pair of high-band and low-band decimated outputs. Using recursive formulas and the polyphase concept, a QMF implementation is proposed that, for both analysis and synthesis stages, needs only (N/2+2) multiplications and (3N/2+8) additions to compute the same outputs. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can reduce roundoff error when finite-wordlength processors are used to implement the encoder and decoder. Simulation examples for image coding are also given to demonstrate the differences between the proposed and previously-known algorithms.