gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Freeze concentration of volatile components in dilute aqueous solutions (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFreeze concentration of volatile components in dilute aqueous solutionsRichard E. Kepner, Simon Van Straten, and Cornelis WeurmanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1969, 17, 5, 1123–1127Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60165a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60165a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Two dissociable subunits of yeast RNA polymerase II stimulate the initiation of transcription at a promoter in vitro. (1991)

RNA polymerase II lacking the fourth and seventh largest subunits (pol II delta 4/7) was purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain rpb-4, in which the gene for the fourth largest subunit is deleted. pol II delta 4/7 was indistinguishable from wild-type pol II (holoenzyme) in promoter-independent initiation/chain elongation activity (400-800 nmol of nucleotide incorporated/10 min/mg of protein at 22 degrees C), in rate of chain elongation (20-25 nucleotides/s), and in the recognition of pause sites in the DNA template. In contrast to pol II holoenzyme, pol II delta 4/7 was inactive in promoter-directed initiation of transcription in vitro. The addition of an equimolar complex of the fourth and seventh largest subunits, purified from pol II holoenzyme by ion-exchange chromatography in the presence of urea, restored promoter-directed initiation activity to pol II delta 4/7. The transcriptional activator protein Gal4-VP16 could also elicit promoter-directed initiation by pol II delta 4/7 from a promoter with a Gal4 binding site. Complementation was observed between extracts of strain rpb-4, lacking the fourth largest subunit, and strain Y260-1, with a defect in the largest subunit. These extracts were individually inactive, but a mixture would support promoter-directed initiation. The fourth and seventh largest subunits may, therefore, shuttle between polymerase molecules.
Diffraction effects in x-ray proximity printing (1992)

The influence of diffraction on the shape and size of features printed using x-ray proximity printing with a collimated x-ray source (measured beam divergence of ∼0.2 mrad full width at half-maximum) at mask to wafer gaps of 25 μm and above is described. Three major conclusions can be drawn from the results: (1) Diffraction can distort the shape of a printed feature, and the systematic shape changes observed in resist images can be explained using simple scaling based on Fresnel diffraction; (2) The linewidth change with exposure dose is independent of feature type and size, and depends only on the square root of the mask to wafer gap; and (3) The bias of each printed feature varies when all of the feature types and sizes are printed at the same dose. Resist images of 2.0–0.25 μm contact holes printed at mask to wafer gaps ranging from 25 to 515 μm are presented. The square contact holes on the mask print diamond shaped at a Fresnel number of 2.5. Isolated lines, spaces, and line-space arrays ranging from 1.0 to 0.25 μm were printed in thin PMMA (0.1 μm thick) resist at gaps ranging from 25 to 80 μm over a series of exposure doses. A 10% increase in exposure dose results in a 16, 20, and 30 nm change in linewidth at gaps of 25, 40, 80 μm, respectively. When the 1.0–0.25 μm lines, spaces, and line-space arrays are printed with a single dose at a 40 μm gap, the bias variation among the features appears to be approximately ±20 nm. However, this bias measurement is very sensitive to the metrology technique used, and systematic errors in these absolute measurements may be a significant contributor to the observed bias variation. All the experimental results are compared to calculated aerial images. Exposures in thick PMMA (0.5 μm) show trends similar to those observed in thin resist. However, as the thickness of the resist increases, the dose at which the printed linewidth has zero bias decreases, and approaches the dose required to clear a large open area.
Development of EGF-Conjugated Liposomes for Targeted Delivery of Boronated DNA-Binding Agents (2002)

Liposomes are of interest as drug delivery tools for therapy of cancer and infectious diseases. We investigated conjugation of epidermal growth factor, EGF, to liposomes using the micelle-transfer method. EGF was conjugated to the distal end of PEG-DSPE lipid molecules in a micellar solution and the EGF-PEG-DSPE lipids were then transferred to preformed liposomes, either empty or containing the DNA-binding compound, water soluble acridine, WSA. We found that the optimal transfer conditions were a 1-h incubation at 60 degrees C. The final conjugate, (125)I-EGF-liposome-WSA, contained approximately 5 mol % PEG, 10-15 EGF molecules at the liposome surface, and 10(4) to 10(5) encapsulated WSA molecules could be loaded. The conjugate was shown to have EGF-receptor-specific cellular binding in cultured human glioma cells.
The Short-a System of New York City English: An Update (2010)

The first 100 consecutive Genesis II (Smith & Nephew; Memphis, Tenn) total knee replacements (TKR) procedures performed in 97 patients by the senior investigators (RBB, RSL) had a Kaplan-Meier survivorship of 96% +/- 2% at 12 years with any reoperation as the endpoint. Significant improvements in health-related quality-of-life outcome measures were noted. There were no revisions for implant-related factors (ie, polyethylene wear, osteolysis, or aseptic loosening). No implant demonstrated radiographic loosening. The features of this device are discussed as well as its long-term performance.
Learning by Collaborating: Convergent Conceptual Change (1992)

Abstract The goal of this article is to construct an integrated approach to collaboration and conceptual change. To this end, a case of conceptual change is analyzed from the point of view of conversational interaction. It is proposed that the crux of collaboration is the problem of convergence: How can two (or more) people construct shared meanings for conversations, concepts, and experiences? Collaboration is analyzed as a process that gradually can lead to convergence of meaning. The epistemological basis of the framework of analysis is a relational, situated view of meaning: Meanings are taken to be relations among situations and verbal or gestural actions. The central claim is that a process described by four primary features can account for students' incremental achievement of convergent conceptual change. The process is characterized by (a) the production of a deep-featured situation, in relation to (b) the interplay of physical metaphors, through the constructive use of (c) interactive cycles of conversational turn-taking, constrained by (d) the application of progressively higher standards of evidence for convergence.
Understanding yield losses in logic circuits (2004)

Yield improvement requires understanding failures and identifying potential sources of yield loss. We focus on diagnosing random logic circuits and classifying faults. We introduce an interesting scan-based diagnosis flow, which leverages the ATPG patterns originally generated for fault coverage. This flow shows an adequate link between the design automation tools and the testers and correlation between the ATPG patterns and the tester failure reports.
Ouabain-induced changes in aqueous humour outflow facility and trabecular meshwork cytoskeleton (2008)

These data suggest that ouabain, at non-toxic concentrations, increases aqueous humour outflow facility possibly by altering the TM cell cytoskeleton.
Prediction of Local Part-Mold and Ejection Force in Injection Molding (2004)

A numerical simulation system was developed to predict local part-mold forces and local and total ejection forces in injection molding. Local reaction forces between the part and mold surfaces are calculated first using numerical molding process and structural simulations. Using experimentally obtained coefficients of friction the friction force and ejection force are calculated. Ring moldings were used to measure the coefficient of friction. Box moldings were used to validate predictions of local and total ejection forces and to demonstrate the use of the system in mold design. Calculated ejection force was maximum at the beginning of ejection and differed by 10%–16% from experimental values, with the difference being much less over the main part of the ejection process. The maximum number of ejector pins for failed ejection was predicted. The difference between the predicted and observed number of ejector pins was at most four pins for a twenty ejector pin system.
P01-109 - Clinical-dynamic Characteristics of Depressive Disorders Comorbid with Anxiety Disorders (2010)

The aim of this study was to find clinical-dynamic characteristics of depressions comorbid with anxiety disorders. Methods 140 patients have been observed: basic group - 70 patients with depressive disorder with anxiety disorder; control group - 70 patients with depressive disorder alone. All patients were treated with SSRIs. We used in study 17-item HRS-D and CGI. Results of investigation Baseline average score according to CGI has constituted 4,8±0,6 and 4,5±0,7. Comparative assessment of clinical picture of depression in groups has shown that in basic group more frequently (p< 0,05) dysphoric (31,4% and 12,9%) and conversion (21,4% and 11,4%) syndromes were noticed, while in the control group - adynamic (30% and 12,9%,). Statistical analysis of data of age at the onset of depressive disorder has revealed intergroup differences (p< 0,05), testifying to emerging depressive disorders in patients of basic group at younger age (39,6±12,1 years), as compared with patients of control group (43,9±12,9 years). Index of cyclicity of disease in patients with RDD was calculated as ratio of disease duration in years to cycles of disease. Average value of the corresponding index in basic and control groups differed reliably (p< 0,05) and has constituted 3,2±1,1 and 7,6±1,6. I.e., in the basic group exacerbation of depressive symptoms in recurrent depressive disorder was noticed more frequently as compared with control group. Thus, comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders results in complicating symptoms, change of its syndromal validation, more adverse course (acceleration of depressive phases in recurrent depressive disorder).
The KANT Machine Translation System: From R&D to Initial Deployment (1997)

this paper, we discuss the facets of KANT which are of potential interest to the LISA audience: its technical foundation, its intended domain(s) of application, its current performance, and our future plans regarding its application and commercialization.
Extracranial source of increased CGRP in migraine children? (2009)

Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Aug-11
Numerical Study of Disperse Monopropellant Microslug Formation at a Cross Junction (2012)

Two immiscible uids converging at microchannel cross-junction results in the for- mation of periodic, dispersed microslugs. This microslug formation phenomenon has been proposed as the basis for a fuel injection system in a novel, discrete mono- propellant microthruster design for use in next-generation nanosatellites. Previous experimental work has demonstrated the ability to repeatably generate fuel slugs with characteristics commensurate with the intended application. In this work, numerical modeling and simulation are used to further study this problem, and identify the sensitivity of the slug characteristics to key material properties including surface ten- sion, contact angle and fuel viscosity. These concerns are of practical concern for this application due to the potential for thermal variations and/or uid contamination during typical operation. For each of these properties, regions exist where the slug characteristics are essentially insensitive to property variations. Future microthruster system designs should target and incorporate these stable ow regions in their baseline operating conditions to maximize robustness of operation.
Clinical Hurdles and Possible Solutions in the Implementation of Closed-Loop Control in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (2011)

From an engineering perspective, controlling blood glucose appears to be a fairly straightforward single input (glucose), single output (insulin) control problem. Unfortunately, mimicking Mother Nature turns out to be a complex endeavor. The primary hurdle in developing a useful, safe closed-loop control algorithm for an artificial pancreas is the time delays associated with current continuous glucose monitors and subcutaneously delivered insulins. This article will provide a brief history of the artificial pancreas, outline the main clinical hurdles restricting its current implementation, and list possible solutions for success.
Post‐translational modifications of the<i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i>glycoprotein PsA (1993)

Prespore-specific antigen (PsA) is a cell-surface glycoprotein isolated from Dictyostelium discoideum, which is post-translationally modified by addition of carbohydrate to threonine residues of the carboxy-terminal peptide domain, and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor which attaches the glycoprotein to the cell membrane. The GPI anchor was isolated by proteolytic cleavage of the protein, and the structure of the lipid and glycan portions of the anchor were determined. The lipid moiety of the anchor is an inositolphosphoceramide which contains C18:0 phytosphingosine as a long chain base, and a mixture of fatty acids with a C18:1 mono-unsaturated fatty acid as the major component. The purified GPI anchor was susceptible to digestion by a bacterial phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase-C enzyme. The glycan of the GPI anchor consisted of two molecular species present in the ratio 55:45, the structures of which were determined by exoglycosidase sequencing and found to be Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1-6Man alpha 1-4GlcNH2 and Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1-6Man alpha 1-4GlcNH2. The glucosamine in both structures is glycosidically linked to the inositol ring of the inositolphosphoceramide. The GPI glycan structures are consistent with the conserved core structure of all characterised GPI anchors, and the structure of the D. discoideum GPI moiety has features in common with structures from yeast, protozoa and higher eukaryotes. Compositional analysis of the carbohydrate attached to threonine residues in the carboxy-terminal peptide domain is also presented. The oligosaccharides bind to wheat germ agglutinin, and contain glucosamine and fucose as the major constituents.
Refining an Alzheimer’s vaccine to avoid an inflammatory response (2005)

The utility of vaccine strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease may still hold promise. Phase IIa clinical trials were halted due to a small but significant occurrence of meningoencephalitis. Knowledge gained from studies on amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) immunotherapy will allow optimisation of new-generation vaccines, targeting highly specific epitopes while reducing undesired side effects. In harnessing and steering the immune system, an effective response can be generated against Abeta, one that might have attenuated immune responses with robust disease-altering activity.
Embryonic and somatic cell cloning (1999)

Revolutionary opportunities in biology, medicine and agriculture arise from the observation that offspring are obtained after nuclear transfer if somatic donor cells are induced to become quiescent. Exploitation of many of these opportunities will depend upon optimizing procedures for nuclear transfer. This may come about through an understanding of the means by which factors in the oocyte cytoplasm act upon the DNA of the transferred nucleus to regulate gene expression. Similarly, research will extend the procedure to other species. This technology may be used for embryo production, the introduction of genetic change and the derivation of cells needed to treat human diseases. Groups of genetically identical animals will be used in research to control genetic variation and to allow transfer of cells between individuals. In agriculture, production of a small number of clones will separate genetic and environmental effects, whereas production of larger numbers of offspring will disseminate genetic improvement from nucleus herds. Precise genetic modification will be achieved by site specific recombination in the donor cells before nuclear transfer. In all mammals it will become possible to define the role of any gene product and to analyse the mechanisms that regulate gene expression. Medical uses of these techniques will include the production of proteins needed to treat disease and the supply of organs such as hearts, livers and kidneys from pigs. As genome mapping projects identify loci associated with traits of commercial importance in agriculture then gene targeting will be used to study this effect. Finally, cells capable of differentiation into any of the tissues of a patient will provide treatment for diseases reflecting damage to a specific cell population that neither repairs nor replaces itself.
Temperature controlled heating of the graphite tube atomizer in flameless atomic absorption spectrometry (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTemperature controlled heating of the graphite tube atomizer in flameless atomic absorption spectrometryGillis. Lundgren, Lars. Lundmark, and Gillis. JohanssonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1974, 46, 8, 1028–1031Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60344a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The modulatory effect of schistoFLRFamide on heart and skeletal muscle in the locust <i>Schistocerca gregaria</i> (1994)

SchistoFLRFamide (PDVDHVFLRFamide) is one of the endogenous FMRFamide-like neuropeptides found in the nervous system of the locust Schistocerca gregaria (Robb et al. 1989; Robb and Evans, 1990). FMRFamide-like neuropeptides modulate the actions of a wide variety of both skeletal and visceral muscles in insects (Evans and Myers, 1986a; Schoofs et al. 1993b) and have been suggested to act both as circulatory hormones and as locally released neurotransmitters (see discussion in Robb and Evans, 1990). However, the behavioural context(s) in which such neuropeptides are released is at present unclear, although recent evidence suggests they may have a role in feeding behaviour (Elia et al. 1993). SchistoFLRFamide belongs to one of the subclasses of FMRFamide-like neuropeptides found in insects, which also includes leucomyosuppressin (pQDVDHVFLRFamide; Holman et al. 1986), ManducaFLRFamide (pQDVVHSFLRFamide; Kingan et al. 1990) and TDVDHVFLRFamide found in both Drosophila melanogaster (Nichols, 1992) and Neobellieria bullata (Fonagy et al. 1992). The sequence of SchistoFLRFamide has also been found in Locusta migratoria (Schoofs et al. 1993a). SchistoFLRFamide was originally isolated from the nervous system of Schistocerca gregaria using a combination of radioimmunoassay, HPLC and bioassay (Robb et al. 1989; Robb and Evans, 1990). Preliminary data indicate that it inhibits spontaneous contractions of the locust heart and has a complex dose-dependent effect upon contractions induced in the extensor tibiae muscle by stimulation of the slow excitatory motoneurone (Robb et al. 1989). In addition, SchistoFLRFamide has recently been shown to decrease the amplitude and frequency of myogenic contractions and to reduce basal tension in locust oviduct muscle (Peeff et al. 1993). The present paper provides a more detailed account of the modulatory effect of SchistoFLRFamide on heart and skeletal muscle in the locust Schistocerca gregaria. The effects of the synthetic peptide were measured on the semi-isolated locust heart (Cuthbert and Evans, 1989). The results are expressed as the percentage change in the amplitude of the heartbeat and its frequency with respect to measurements obtained immediately before the application of the peptide. Measurements of heart rate and contraction amplitude were averaged over a 1 min period, starting (a) 1 min before the beginning of the peptide pulse, (b) 1 min after the start of the peptide pulse, (c) 4 min after the start of the peptide pulse and (d) 1 min after the end of the peptide pulse. The bioactivity of synthetic SchistoFLRFamide was also assayed on another well-defined FMRFamide bioassay preparation from the locust. The effects were measured on the twitch tension evoked in the extensor tibiae muscle of the hindleg of the locust by stimulating the slow excitatory motoneurone to this muscle at 1 Hz (Evans and Myers, 1986b). The results are expressed as the maximal effects on the twitch amplitude.