gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensor Networks for Railway Monitoring: Detecting Trains from their Distributed Vibration Footprints (2013)

We report in this paper on a wireless sensor network deployment at railway tracks to monitor and analyze the vibration patterns caused by trains passing by. We investigate in particular a system that relies on having a distributed network of sensor nodes that individually contain efficient feature extraction algorithms and classifiers that fit the restricted hardware resources, rather than using few complex and specialized sensors. A feasibility study is described on the raw data obtained from a real-world deployment on one of Europe's busiest railroad sections, which was annotated with the help of video footage and contains vibration patterns of 186 trains. These trains were classified in 6 types by various methods, the best performing at an accuracy of 97%. The trains' length in wagons was estimated with a mean-squared error of 3.98. Visual inspection of the data shows further opportunities in the estimation of train speed and detection of worn-out cargo wheels.
A One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Nitro-and 3,5-Dinitro-2-Picolines (1990)

Abstract 3-Nitro- and 3,5-dinitro-2-picoline were each prepared in a one-pot synthesis in high yield by treatment of the respective 2-chloro- 3-nitro- and 2-chloro-3,5-dinitropyridines with diethyl sodiomalonate, followed by hydrolysis and decarboxylation with 50% sulfuric acid.
Substrate Specificity of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> Outer Membrane Protease OmpP (2006)

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli OmpP is an F episome-encoded outer membrane protease that exhibits 71% amino acid sequence identity with OmpT. These two enzymes cleave substrate polypeptides primarily between pairs of basic amino acids. We found that, like OmpT, purified OmpP is active only in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. With optimal peptide substrates, OmpP exhibits high catalytic efficiency ( k cat / K m = 3.0 × 10 6 M −1 s −1 ). Analysis of the extended amino acid specificity of OmpP by substrate phage revealed that both Arg and Lys are strongly preferred at the P1 and P1′ sites of the enzyme. In addition, Thr, Arg, or Ala is preferred at P2; Leu, Ala, or Glu is preferred at P4; and Arg is preferred at P3′. Notable differences in OmpP and OmpT specificities include the greater ability of OmpP to accept Lys at the P1 or P1′, site as well as the prominence of Ser at P3 in OmpP substrates. Likewise, the OmpP P1 site could better accommodate Ser; as a result, OmpP was able to cleave a peptide substrate between Ser-Arg about 120 times more efficiently than was OmpT. Interestingly, OmpP and OmpT cleave peptides with three consecutive Arg residues at different sites, a difference in specificity that might be important in the inactivation of cationic antimicrobial peptides. Accordingly, we show that the presence of an F′ episome results in increased resistance to the antimicrobial peptide protamine both in ompT mutants and in wild-type E. coli cells.
The Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 Contains Multiple Receptor Interacting and Activation Domains That Cooperatively Enhance the Activation Function 1 (AF1) and AF2 Domains of Steroid Receptors (1998)

Steroid receptors are ligand-inducible transcription factors, and their association with steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) upon binding to DNA is necessary for them to achieve full transcriptional potential. To understand the mechanism of SRC-1 action, its ability to interact and enhance the transcriptional activity of steroid receptors was analyzed. First, we show that SRC-1 is a modular coactivator that possesses intrinsic transcriptional activity when tethered to DNA and that it harbors two distinct activation domains, AD1 and AD2, needed for the maximum coactivation function of steroid receptors. We also demonstrate that SRC-1 interacts with both the amino-terminal A/B or AF1-containing domain and the carboxyl-terminal D/E or AF2-containing domain of the steroid receptors. These interactions are carried out by multiple regions of SRC-1, and they are relevant for transactivation. In addition to the inherent histone acetyltransferase activity of SRC-1, the presence of multiple receptor-coactivator interaction sites in SRC-1 and its ability to interact with components of the basic transcriptional machinery appears to be, at least in part, the mechanism by which the individual activation functions of the steroid receptors act cooperatively to achieve full transcriptional activity.
Allogeneic marrow transplantation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase: a randomized trial of two irradiation regimens (1991)

A randomized trial was performed to compare two regimens of total body irradiation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated by allogeneic marrow transplantation while in the chronic phase. All patients received cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg followed by total body irradiation and marrow from HLA-identical siblings. Cyclosporine and methotrexate were used for prophylaxis against acute graft-versus-host disease. Fifty-seven patients were randomized to receive 2.0 Gy fractions of irradiation daily for 6 days and 59 were randomized to receive 2.25 Gy fractions daily for 7 days. The probabilities of relapse at 4 years were 0.25 for the 12.0 Gy group and 0.00 for the 15.75 Gy group (P = .008). The actuarial probabilities of survival and relapse-free survival at 4 years were 0.60 and 0.58 among the patients who received 12.0 Gy compared with 0.66 and 0.66 for those who received 15.75 Gy. The 4-year probabilities of transplant-related mortality were 0.24 and 0.34 respectively (P = .13) while the probability of moderate to severe acute graft-versus-host disease was 0.33 for the 12.0 Gy group and 0.44 for the 15.75 Gy group (P = .15). The lower relapse probability in the patients receiving the higher dose of total body irradiation did not result in improved survival because mortality from causes other than relapse was increased.
The microRNA miR171h modulates arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of <i>Medicago truncatula</i> by targeting <i>NSP2</i> (2012)

Most land plants live symbiotically with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Establishment of this symbiosis requires signals produced by both partners: strigolactones in root exudates stimulate pre-symbiotic growth of the fungus, which releases lipochito-oligosaccharides (Myc-LCOs) that prepare the plant for symbiosis. Here, we have investigated the events downstream of this early signaling in the roots. We report that expression of miR171h, a microRNA that targets NSP2, is up-regulated in the elongation zone of the root during colonization by Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly Glomus intraradices) and in response to Myc-LCOs. Fungal colonization was much reduced by over-expressing miR171h in roots, mimicking the phenotype of nsp2 mutants. Conversely, in plants expressing an NSP2 mRNA resistant to miR171h cleavage, fungal colonization was much increased and extended into the elongation zone of the roots. Finally, phylogenetic analyses revealed that miR171h regulation of NSP2 is probably conserved among mycotrophic plants. Our findings suggest a regulatory mechanism, triggered by Myc-LCOs, that prevents over-colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by a mechanism involving miRNA-mediated negative regulation of NSP2.
Laser‐assisted vascular end to end anastomosis of elastin heterograft to carotid artery with an albumin stent: A preliminary in vivo study (2004)

Laser-assisted vascular anastomosis (LAVA) of elastin heterograft to medium size vessel using an albumin stent is feasible. Chronic studies are warranted to determine long-term patency and histology of the LAVA.
Survival of human carrier erythrocytes in vivo (1999)

Erythrocytes offer the exciting opportunity of being used as carriers of therapeutic agents. Encapsulation within erythrocytes will give the therapeutic agent a clearance equivalent to the normal life of the erythrocyte therefore maintaining therapeutic blood levels over prolonged periods and also giving a sustained delivery to the monocyte-macrophage system (reticulo-endothelial system). Both the dose and frequency of therapeutic interventions could thus be reduced. Ensuring a near-physiological survival time of carrier erythrocytes is essential to their successful use as a sustained drug delivery system, and this has not been demonstrated in man. In this study we assessed the survival in vivo of autologous unloaded energy-replete carrier erythrocytes in nine volunteers, using a standard 51Cr erythrocyte-labelling technique. Within 144 h after infusion there was a 3 to 49% fall in circulating labelled cells, followed thereafter by an almost complete return to initial circulating levels; surface counting demonstrated an initial sequestration of erythrocytes by the spleen and subsequent release. Mean cell life and cell half-life of the carrier erythrocytes were within the normal range of 89 to 131 days and 19 to 29 days respectively. These results demonstrate the viability of carrier erythrocytes as a sustained drug delivery system.
Pilot Study on Light Dosimetry Variables for Photodynamic Therapy of Barrett's Esophagus with High-Grade Dysplasia (2009)

Esophageal thickness is the strongest predictor of treatment outcome. The porfimer sodium content of Barrett's and normal tissue is not significantly different. "Photodynamic dose" for esophageal PDT should incorporate the esophageal thickness.
Comments on password-based private keydownload protocol of NDSS'99 (1999)

The weaknesses of the password-based protocol for downloading a private key presented by Perlman and Kaufman at NDSS'99 are discussed.
Dynamics of Ship–Motion (2003)

Abstract The ship capsizing problem is one of the major challenges in naval architecture. The IMO criterion regarding capsize stability is still the righting lever curve of static stability calculated for calm water. For the prediction of large–amplitude motions the dynamic loads have to be included. The capsizing of a ship in regular waves is resulting from a sequence of bifurcations in the ship's motion: The determination of bifurcations is possible using path‐following techniques of nonlinear dynamics. Existing tools are, however, without adaption not readily applicable for the determination of bifurcations. The main and until now unsolved problem is the necessity of including memory integrals to describe the ship hydrodynamics. First results with simple algorithms show two different scenarios leading to capsizing due to increasing wave amplitudes.
An application architecture to facilitate multi-site clinical trial collaboration in the cloud (2011)

The regulatory environment in the U.S. healthcare sector and the privacy concerns surrounding personal health information complicate research collaborations between investigators, especially collaborations across healthcare organizational boundaries. This paper examines software systems traditionally employed by healthcare providers to utilize clinical data for research purposes within and between organizations. A conceptual software architecture utilizing cloud-based services is then proposed that, it is suggested, may facilitate collaboration between researchers in multisite clinical trials. Several related challenge areas are then identified.
Hybrid Passivation for a Film-like Organic Light-Emitting Diode using Parylene and Silicon Dioxide (2007)

A hybrid passivation method a using parylene and silicon dioxide combination layer for a film-like organic light-emitting diode (OLED) was applied on a polycarbonate substrate. Parylene coating by vapor polymerization is a highly effective passivation process for the OLED, and it is applied to the entire top surface and the edges of the OLED device. To minimize the permeation of moisture and oxygen from the top surface of the device, an additional layer of silicon dioxide was deposited over the parylene-coated layer. It was found that the water vapor transmittance rate (WVTR) of parylene (15 µm in thickness)/SiO2 (0.3 µm in thickness) combination layers deposited on the polycarbonate film was decreased to less than 10-3 g/(m2·d). The OLED that had undergone hybrid passivation showed significantly longer lifetime characteristics in ambient conditions than the non-passivated OLED. The lifetime of the passivated OLED was 400 h and it was more than ten times the lifetime of the conventional non-passivated OLED.
QoE Content Distribution Network for Cloud Architecture (2011)

Cloud Service has become now a real trend in the development of network services. It is a concept of deporting resources and services on remote servers as opposed to traditional hosting on the user workstation. In fact, cloud services require more bandwidth due to high quality media. Content Distribution Network (CDN) with a mechanism of replication of information among multiple servers is a solution to support high request volume and ameliorate network quality. Integrating Cloud concept into Content Distribution Network (CDN) is an effective approach to improve network quality. In this paper, we propose a Content Distribution Network Cloud Architecture (CDNCA). Our approach is based not only on Quality of Service criteria (QoS) (e.g. round trip time, network hops, loss rate, etc.) but also on the Quality of Experience that represents end-users perception and satisfaction. Experimental results show that CDNCA yields significant improvements over traditional approaches.
Deuterium-fiber-initiated Z-pinches: Simulation compared to experiment (1992)

Deuterium-fiber-initiated Z-pinch experiments have been simulated using a two-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic model1,2 which includes many important experimental details, such as cold-start initial conditions, thermal conduction, radiation, actual discharge current vs. time, and grids of sufficient size and resolution to allow realistic development of the plasma. When the fiber becomes fully ionized (at a time depending on voltage ramp and fiber thickness), the simulations show rapidly developing m=0 instabilities drive intense non-uniform heating and rapid expansion of the plasma column. Diagnostics generated from the simulation results, such as shadowgrams and interferograms, are in good agreement with experiment3. Comparison of simulation-generated diagnostics with those from early experiments of this type suggests that shadow-gram images of the plasma were misleading indicators of the stability and rate of expansion of the plasma column. Terms often left out of the fluid model, such as the Hall term and the viscous stress tensor, may be significant in the Z-pinch4,5. Progress will be reported on the addition of such terms to the simulation.
Production of Polyclonal Antibody to the Bovine Adrenal Atrial Natriuretic Factor-R1 Receptor (1992)

A polyclonal antibody monospecific for an intracellular epitope of the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-R1 receptor was produced. The receptor protein (200 pmoles) was purified to homogeneity from bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa (BAZG), reduced, alkylated and digested with trypsin. The tryptic fragments were purified by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. on a C18 column. Based on the sequence of one of these fragments, a peptide was chemically synthesized, coupled to thyroglobulin and injected into rabbits. The antibody obtained was shown to be specific for the R1-type as no receptor was detected in bovine red blood cells (RBC) (which are devoid of ANF receptors) and in NIH-3T3 cell membranes (where only the R2-type is expressed). Several other tissues were screened and comparison of the immunoreactive receptor density estimates with those obtained by ANF binding yielded a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.965. The minimal detectable dose was typically 3 fmoles/tube and the ED50 of the RIA was 30 fmoles/tube. Cyanogen bromide digestion of the receptor was essential for antigenic detection, indicating that the epitope is probably hindered due to the tertiary structure of the native protein. Moreover, location of the epitope in the kinase homology domain of the receptor, combined with partial tryptic digestion, suggests that the proteolysis-sensitive region of the receptor is located between the transmembrane-spanning domain and the amino acid 586. This method of production of antibodies should be useful to precisely map the amino acids involved in various functions of the receptor.
Integrating a query language for structured and semi-structured data and IR techniques (2002)

The authors describe the basic ideas and concepts behind the Information Retrieval Query Language (IRQL) that is used as one of the back-ends in the GETESS project. The front-end provides a user interface which is embedded in a dialogue system. This dialogue system allows queries to be formulated in a user friendly (i.e. exploiting a limited range of natural language) and interactive way. Access to the analyzed data is provided by IRQL. The principal focus of IRQL development is the integration of concepts of information retrieval, database query languages, and query languages for semi-structured data. Therefore, we will be able to exploit the structure of documents, if known, and can additionally use information retrieval techniques regardless of whether the structure is known or not. Our approach develops a query language that is compatible with the recently adopted SQL99 standard and information retrieval clauses (e.g. Boolean retrieval). Our data model extends the object-relational model and additionally supports an abstraction of attributes. That is, we can use attribute-independent queries as well as attribute-dependent ones as in RDBMSs. We evaluate IRQL queries by mapping them to queries supported by existing systems such as object-relational DBMSs, full-text DBMSs, or conventional search engines, and post processing the results supplied by these systems, if necessary.
Juglone, a naphthoquinone from walnut, exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects against cultured melanoma tumor cells (2009)

This study demonstrates cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of juglone, a chief constituent of walnut, and its underlying mechanisms against melanoma cells. MTT assay and clonogenic assay were used to study cytotoxicity, micronucleus assay to assess genotoxicity, glutathione (GSH) assay and 2',7'-dicholorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay to evaluate the oxidative stress induction. Apoptosis/necrosis induction was analysed by flow cytometry. We observed a concentration-dependent decrease in cell survival with a corresponding increase in the lactate dehydrogenase levels. A dose-dependent increase in the frequency of micronucleated binucleate cells indicated the potential of juglone to induce cytogenetic damage in melanoma tumor cells. Moreover, results of the micronuclei study indicated division delay in the proliferating cell population by showing decrease in the cytokinesis blocked proliferation index. Further, juglone-induced apoptosis and necrosis could be demonstrated by oligonucleosomal ladder formation, microscopic analysis, increase in the hypodiploid fraction (sub Go peak in DNA histogram), as well as an increased percentage of AnnexinV(+)/PI(+) cells detected by flow cytometry. A significant concentration-dependent decrease in the glutathione levels and increase in dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence after juglone treatment confirmed the ability of juglone to generate intracellular reactive oxygen species. The cytotoxic effect of juglone can be attributed to mechanisms including the induction of oxidative stress, cell membrane damage, and a clastogenic action leading to cell death by both apoptosis and necrosis.
Friction properties of moulding thermoplastics (2006)

During the ejection phase of the injection moulding cycle the parts are mechanically forced to separate from the moulding surfaces, this aspect being more relevant with deep cores. The design of the ejection system depends on factors such as the draft angles, the surface finish, and the properties of the moulding material at the ejection temperature and the dimensioning of actuation devices (e.g., hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders). Knowledge of the friction properties of the mating metal and plastics surfaces is important to optimize the ejection system. The coefficient of friction at the ejection stage depends on the surface texture of the core and the temperature at ejection. This paper reviews recent research on the static coefficient of friction in moulding conditions. It also reviews results obtained with a prototype apparatus that reproduces the conditions occurring during the ejection phase.
Estrogen receptor β regulates epithelial cellular differentiation in the mouse ventral prostate (2004)

We have previously reported epithelial cellular hyperplasia in ventral prostates (VP) of mice lacking estrogen receptor beta (ER beta). To investigate the causes of this phenomenon, we measured cellular proliferation and apoptosis in VP of ER beta(-/-) and WT mice. With BrdUrd labeling, the number of proliferating cells was 3.6-fold higher in ER beta(-/-) mice. There was also a decrease in apoptosis as measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay and an increase in expression of the anti-apoptotic bcl-2. The state of differentiation of the epithelial cells of the VP was studied by immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). In ER beta(-/-) mouse VP, the number of p63-positive cells (basal phenotype) was 2.6-fold higher, and expression level of cytokeratin (CK) 8, a luminal cell marker, was lower. FACS analysis with p63 showed that in WT mice the ratio of basal to intermediate/luminal cell populations expressing p63 was 1:2.5, whereas in ER beta(-/-) mice it was 1:9. The expression of basal/intermediate marker CK 19 in three FACS areas, g1, g2, and g3, gated according to cellular size and granularity, was 1:0.6:2 in WT and 1:4:6.7 in ER beta(-/-) mice, showing a shift of CK 19-positive cells toward a cell population of intermediate size and granularity. We conclude that, in ER beta(-/-) mouse VP, there is increased epithelial proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and accumulation of incompletely differentiated cells in an intermediate pool. The continued proliferation of intermediate cells leads to the prostatic epithelial hyperplasia observed in the absence of ER beta signaling.
Carbon Translocation in the Tomato: Carbon Import and Fruit Growth1 (1977)

The rates of carbon import by fruits were measured over 48 h as the sum of the change in the total organic carbon content of the fruit and the respiratory loss of carbon. Over a range of fruit sizes from 20–90 per cent of the maximum volume the smaller fruits imported carbon at an absolute rate (mgC fruit−1 h−1) nearly twice that of the larger fruits. The imported leaf assimilates, identified as the 14C-compounds along the pathway between a 14CO2-fed leaf and a young fruit, comprised 90 per cent sucrose and 10 per cent glutamic acid, aspartic acid and malic acid. Within the fruit the imported 14C-sucrose was hydrolysed into hexoses. The changes in the levels of starch and insoluble residue in the fruit were positively correlated with the carbon import rates. In the largest fruits with the lowest import rates, there was breakdown of insoluble residue and less accumulation of starch, but a significant increase in the level of sucrose. The sink strength of a tomato fruit is dependent more on sink activity than on sink size.