gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of a new low-pressure impactor. 2 (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and evaluation of a new low-pressure impactor. 2Susanne V. Hering, Sheldon K. Friedlander, John J. Collins, and L. Willard RichardsCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1979, 13, 2, 184–188Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60150a009https://doi.org/10.1021/es60150a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views429Altmetric-Citations130LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Iminoboronates: A New Strategy for Reversible Protein Modification (2012)

Protein modification has entered the limelight of chemical and biological sciences, since, by appending small molecules into proteins surfaces, fundamental biological and biophysical processes may be studied and even modulated in a physiological context. Herein we present a new strategy to modify the lysine's ε-amino group and the protein's N-terminal, based on the formation of stable iminoboronates in aqueous media. This functionality enables the stable and complete modification of these amine groups, which can be reversible upon the addition of fructose, dopamine, or glutathione. A detailed DFT study is also presented to rationalize the observed stability toward hydrolysis of the iminoboronate constructs.
Pulsed Led’s Light at 650 nm Promote and at 470 nm Suppress Melatonin’s Secretion (2015)

In a previous research we have studied the effect of the stimulation of the retina, by pulsed LED’s light of different wavelength, on the spectral density of the alpha rhythms of the electroencephalogram [1] [2]. In conformity to our results and the recent discovery of a nonvisual pathway of light from the retina to the brain, we are induced to search for the effect of stimulation of the retina, with different wavelength, on the melatonin’s secretion. We have, therefore, stimulated the retina with blue LED’s light 470 nm and red LED’s light 650 nm, and measured the melatonin’s secretion in saliva by means of High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results show that melatonin values are higher with long wavelength stimulation (red, 650 nm) to be confronted with short wavelength stimulation where the values are lower (blue, 470 nm), the difference being significant (***). Action spectrum of short wavelength, producing melatonin suppression, was already evidenced in vivo; it was also demonstrated that blue LED’s light differentially modulated cell’s survival and growth, inducing mitochondrial suppression in vitro. We speculate, therefore, that long wavelength light (red) produces photobiomodulation effect at the level of the retina and that this effect is the opposite of the effect produced by the short wavelength (blue). The molecular mechanism underlying both effects may be, we suppose, the activation (red) or depression (blue) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity at the level of the pool of the retina’s ganglion cells.
Ranking Targets in Structure-Based Virtual Screening of Three-Dimensional Protein Libraries: Methods and Problems (2008)

Structure-based virtual screening is a promising tool to identify putative targets for a specific ligand. Instead of docking multiple ligands into a single protein cavity, a single ligand is docked in a collection of binding sites. In inverse screening, hits are in fact targets which have been prioritized within the pool of best ranked proteins. The target rate depends on specificity and promiscuity in protein-ligand interactions and, to a considerable extent, on the effectiveness of the scoring function, which still is the Achilles' heel of molecular docking. In the present retrospective study, virtual screening of the sc-PDB target library by GOLD docking was carried out for four compounds (biotin, 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen, 6-hydroxy-1,6-dihydropurine ribonucleoside, and methotrexate) of known sc-PDB targets and, several ranking protocols based on GOLD fitness score and topological molecular interaction fingerprint (IFP) comparison were evaluated. For the four investigated ligands, the fusion of GOLD fitness and two IFP scores allowed the recovery of most targets, including the rare proteins which are not readily suitable for statistical analysis, while significantly filtering out most false positive entries. The current survey suggests that selecting a small number of targets (<20) for experimental evaluation is achievable with a pure structure-based approach.
Chemical reprogramming enhances homology-directed genome editing in zebrafish embryos (2019)

Precise genome editing is limited by the inefficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR) compared to the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) of double strand breaks (DSBs). The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 system generates precise, locus-specific DSBs that can serve as substrates for HDR. We developed an in vivo visual reporter assay to quantify HDR-mediated events at single-cell resolution in zebrafish and used this system to identify small-molecule modulators that shift the DNA repair equilibrium in favor of HDR. By further optimizing the reaction environment and repair template, we achieved dramatic enhancement of HDR-mediated repair efficiency in zebrafish. Accordingly, under optimized conditions, inhibition of NHEJ with NU7441 enhanced HDR-mediated repair up to 13.4-fold. Importantly, we demonstrate that the increase in somatic HDR events correlates directly with germline transmission, permitting the efficient recovery of large seamlessly integrated DNA fragments in zebrafish.
Semantic video event search for surveillance video (2011)

We present a distributed framework of understanding, indexing, and searching complex events from large amounts of surveillance video content. Video events and relationships between scene entities are represented by Spatio-Temporal And-Or Graphs (ST-AOG) and inferred in a distributed computing system using a bottom-up top-down strategy. We propose a method for sub-graph indexing of ST-AOGs of the recognized events for robust retrieval and quick search. Plain text reports of the scene are automatically generated to describe scene entities' relationships, contextual information, as well as events of interest. When a query is provided as keywords, plain text, voice, or a video clip, the query is parsed and the closest events are extracted utilizing text description and sub-graph matching.
High-peak power, passively Q-switched, composite, all-polycrystalline ceramic Nd : YAG/Cr<sup>4+</sup>:YAG lasers (2012)

High-peak power, passively Q-switched, composite Nd : YAG/Cr4+ : YAG lasers consisting of all-polycrystalline bonded Nd : YAG and Cr4+:YAG ceramics are developed, and two applications of such lasers are discussed. A 1.1-at. %-doped Nd : YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramic laser is fabricated, which is quasi-cw pumped by a diode laser in the Hz-range, delivering laser pulses of 2.5-mJ energy and 1.9-MW peak power. By frequency doubling the laser output in a LiB3O5 (LBO) nonlinear crystal at room temperature, 0.36-mJ, 0.3-MW green laser pulses with 27 % conversion efficiency are produced at 532 nm. Furthermore, a highly doped (1.5-at. %) Nd : YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramic laser operates successfully in the range of pulse repetition rates from 50 to 500 Hz, yielding 0.8-to-1.0 mJ pulses with a peak power around 1 MW. The laser output beam is amplified in a master-oscillator — power-amplifier (MOPA) system to generate laser pulses with 11-mJ energy at a 250-Hz repetition rate.
Comparative Study on the Effect of Signal Peptide Codons and Arginine Codons on the Expression of Human Interferon-α1 Gene in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1996)

Human interferon-alpha 1 (HuIFN-alpha 1) gene containing signal peptide codons is poorly expressed in bacteria, and this is explained by the presence of clusters of rare (AGG) arginine codons in its structure. In this study, we have constructed a series of modified HuIFN-alpha 1 genes to study the effect of both residual signal peptide codons and clusters of AGG codons on gene expression in Escherichia coli cells. Our results showed that substitution of preferential for rare arginine codons in two clusters did not affect the yield, whereas deletion of the signal peptide codons led to a 10-fold increase in the yield of recombinant protein. To understand the mechanism of interference of gene structure on the expression of the HuIFN-alpha 1 gene in vivo, both the level and stability of HuIFN-alpha 1 mRNA were measured. The amount of HuIFN mRNA increased almost five times on deletion of the signal peptide codons from HuIFN-alpha 1 gene constructs (containing AGG clusters or not). The stability of mRNA obtained from all gene constructs was shown to be the same (half-life of 60 +/- 5 secs), indicating that the signal peptide codons interfere with both the efficiency of transcription of the HuIFN-alpha 1 gene and translation of its mRNA.
A BiCMOS logic gate with positive feedback (2003)

It is noted that, as BiCMOS process technology is refined, the supply voltage must be reduced due to the lower endurance voltage of the devices and the larger power dissipation of the LSI chips. As the MOS drain current decreases with supply voltage, the base current from the MOS in a BiCMOS logic gate should then be sufficient for high-speed switching. Also, as the threshold voltage of the MOS becomes lower, a full logic swing function is necessary, even for BiCMOS gates, to ensure that a DC current does not flow in the next gate. These problems were solved with a BiCMOS logic gate with positive feedback, which was fabricated using a 0.5- mu m BiCMOS device and applied to a channelless gate array for a high-speed processor. Characteristics of the proposed logic gates are summarized. Experimental t/sub pd/ and P/sub d/ versus C/sub L/ characteristics for the three-input NAND at 4-V supply voltage are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tumor markers in breast cancer monitoring should be scheduled according to initial stage and follow-up time: a prospective study on 859 patients. (2001)

The results of the present prospective study show that different decision criteria may provide different diagnostic performances for the same tumor marker and in the same patient. Therefore, we suggest that different decision criteria be settled and used according to the clinical goals.
Error correction for free-space optical interconnects: space–time resource optimization (1998)

We study the joint optimization of time and space resources withinfree-space optical interconnect (FSOI) systems. Both analyticaland simulation results are presented to support this optimization studyfor two different models of FSOI cross-talk noise: diffraction froma rectangular aperture and Gaussian propagation. Under realisticpower and signal-to-noise ratio constraints, optimum designs based onthe Gaussian propagation model achieve a capacity of 2.91 x10(15) bits s(-1) m(-2), while therectangular model offers a smaller capacity of 1.91 x10(13) bits s(-1) m(-2). We alsostudy the use of error-correction codes (ECC) within FSOIsystems. We present optimal Reed-Solomon codes of various length, and their use is shown to facilitate an increase in both spatialdensity and data rate, resulting in FSOI capacity gains in excess of8.2 for the rectangular model and 3.7 for the Gaussian case. Atolerancing study of FSOI systems shows that ECC can provide toleranceto implementational error sources. We find that optimally codedFSOI systems can fail when system errors become large, and we present acompromise solution that results in a balanced design in time, space, and error-correction resources.
On the glassy and supercooled liquid states of a common medicament: Aspirin (2000)

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been vitrified (i) completely by melting and cooling, and (ii) partially by ball-milling at ambient temperature and then cooling. Its supercooled viscous liquid was found to be stable against crystallization for several days at 298 K even when it contained crystals. The time- and temperature-dependent changes due to its structural relaxation that occur on heating its glassy state have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The data have been analyzed in terms of a formalism for the non-exponential, non-linear, irreversible change of the fictive temperature, Tf, or enthalpy of its glass. The glass-softening temperature of aspirin is 244 ± 1 K, as measured for 30 K min−1 rate. It shows a remarkably broad distribution of structural relaxation times, τ, and a relatively small non-linearity. The distribution parameter, β, is 0.33 ± 0.04, and the non-linearity parameter, x, is 0.9. When experiments were performed in aluminium containers, or in the presence of aluminium metal, the direction of change in the heat signal reversed in the middle of the glass-softening temperature range, indicating a rapidly growing contribution from an exothermic effect. This showed that aspirin (and possibly its impurities, acetic acid and salicylic acid) reacts with the thin film of Al2O3 and Al at a rate which rapidly increases with temperature and the enthalpy of reaction is large. The reversal of the heat signal occurred at 252 ± 1 for 30 K min−1 heating rate when τ had reached 2.5–8.5 s. This is a remarkably unusual occurrence in which the effect of a chemical reaction dominates before a viscous liquid reaches its equilibrium state. It is attributed to the unusually low value of β and the consequent dispersion of the reaction rate constants. It is suggested that similar observations for glasses with small values of β may help us investigate the role of molecular diffusion in dispersive kinetics of chemical reactions.
Organocatalytic Activation of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds for Asymmetric Diels–Alder Reactions (2012)

The anglerfish catalyst: The activation of anthracenes through aminocatalysis (see scheme) allows them to undergo [4+2] cycloadditions with concomitant breaking of the aromaticity at room temperature and low catalyst loadings. A highly enantioselective Diels–Alder reaction of anthracenes has been developed using nitroalkenes as dienophiles. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Protein kinase inhibitors can control the progression of endometriosis <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2010)

Endometriosis affects 6-10% of women in their reproductive years, causing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood and current treatments, based on hormonal therapy or surgery, are often insufficient. The purpose of our study was to investigate the role of the ERK pathway in the development of endometriosis and to test the effects of protein kinase inhibitors on the proliferation of endometriotic cells in vitro and in vivo. We studied ex vivo human endometrial and endometriotic cells in culture. Stromal and epithelial cells were extracted from endometrial and endometriotic biopsies from patients with endometriosis and from patients without endometriosis. The ERK pathway was explored by western blot on cell lysates and by ELISA on total crushed specimens of endometrium. Cells in culture were treated with A771726, PD98059, and U0126. Human endometriotic lesions were implanted in nude mice. Mice were treated with A771726, leflunomide, PD98059, U0126 or PBS during 2 weeks before sacrifice and extraction of the endometriotic implants for histological examination. We found that the ERK pathway was significantly activated in endometriotic cells and in endometrial cells from patients with endometriosis compared to endometrial cells of control patients, both by ELISA and by western blot. This phenomenon was associated with an increased proliferation of endometriotic cells compared to endometrial cells. Treating endometriotic cells with A771726, PD98059 or U0126 abrogated the phosphorylation of ERK and significantly decreased the cellular proliferation in vitro. In vivo, A771726, leflunomide, PD98059, and U0126 controlled the growth of endometriotic implants in the mouse model of endometriosis. Our study shows that protein kinase inhibitors could be new candidates to treat endometriosis. However, further studies are needed to evaluate their effects and tolerability in humans.
What to Lock? (2017)

Logic locking is an intellectual property (IP) protection technique that prevents IP piracy, reverse engineering and overbuilding attacks by the untrusted foundry or end-users. Existing logic locking techniques are all based on locking the functionality; the design/chip is nonfunctional unless the secret key has been loaded. Existing techniques are vulnerable to various attacks, such as sensitization, key-pruning, and signal skew analysis enabled removal attacks. In this paper, we propose a tenacious and traceless logic locking technique, TTlock, that locks functionality and provably withstands all known attacks, such as SAT-based, sensitization, removal, etc. TTLock protects a secret input pattern; the output of a logic cone is flipped for that pattern, where this flip is restored only when the correct key is applied. Experimental results confirm our theoretical expectations that the computational complexity of attacks launched on TTLock grows exponentially with increasing key-size, while the area, power, and delay overhead increases only linearly. In this paper, we also coin ``parametric locking," where the design/chip behaves as per its specifications (performance, power, reliability, etc.) only with the secret key in place, and an incorrect key downgrades its parametric characteristics. We discuss objectives and challenges in parametric locking.
Records of feral Common Peacock Pavo cristatus in Amanzimtoti, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (2016)

Records have been maintained of a feral Common Peacock population at the Amanzimtoti Bird Sanctuary, Amanzimtoti, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa since June 2002.
Minocycline‐Ethylenediaminetetraacetate Lock Solution for the Prevention of Implantable Port Infections in Children with Cancer (2003)

In this prospective cohort study, minocycline-ethylenediaminetetraacetate (M-EDTA) was used as a lock solution in indwelling ports inserted in 14 children with cancer. No port infections, thrombotic events, or other adverse events were observed, compared with 10 port infections that occurred in 48 control patients whose ports were flushed with heparin. M-EDTA is a promising lock solution in long-term catheters.
CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITIES IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH SENILE DEMENTIA OF ALZHEIMER TYPE (1987)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and nonspecific cholinesterase (nsChE) activities of lumbar ceresbrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with a clinical or histological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease have been compared with those of normal age-matched control patients and patients with dementia of non-Alzheimer aetiology. No significant differences in the AChE activity of lumbar CSF from histologically and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease patients and normal age-matched controls were found, although they could be distinguished from controls and other dements by their lower lumbar CSF levels of nsChE activity and by their elevated ratio of AChE/nsChE. A lower level of AChE activity was observed in the lumbar CSF of patients with dementia of non-Alzheimer aetiology. The AChE and nsChE activities of ventricular CSF obtained at postmortem have also been examined. The AChE activity of the ventricular CSF of patients with histologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease was 66% lower than that of age-matched controls; these patients could also be distinguished from normals by their lower levels of nsChE and by the elevated ratio of AChE/nsChE activities. A molecular defect in the AChE in the ventricular CSF of Alzheimer patients is indicated by the finding that the enzyme failed to show inhibition by high concentrations of substrate. The lower level of AChE in ventricular CSF may reflect the changes in this enzyme in forebrain regions of Alzheimer patients. Although it is at present not possible to correlate the lower levels of nsChE found in CSF with any known brain pathology, the significantly altered ratio of AChE/nsChE activities in lumbar CSF may possibly form the basis for a diagnostic test of Alzheimer type dementia.
[P2–058]: PREVENTION OF CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF HEREDITARY CEREBRAL HEMORRAGE WITH AMYLOIDOSIS‐DUTCH TYPE (2017)

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is frequently exhibited in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, or hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis - Dutch type (HCHWA-D). The latter is characterized by the E693Q (Dutch) mutation in the amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP is initially cleaved by BACE1 (β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1), which leads to the generation of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ). In HCHWA-D Aβ accumulates in cerebral blood vessels and leptomeninges. We have previously shown that mice overexpressing human APP harboring the Dutch mutation (APPDutch mice) develop robust CAA - similar to HCHWA-D - with virtually no parenchymal amyloid plaques (Herzig et al., Nature Neurosci, 7, pp.954–960, 2004). Currently, no treatment for CAA is available and therapeutic amyloid strategies so far have mainly focused on the clearance of parenchymal plaques. In the present study we find evidence that the reduction of Aβ production by BACE1 inhibition delays the progression of vascular amyloid deposition. Groups of 3-, 12-, 23.5-, and 27.5-month-old APPDutch mice were used. A group of 23.5-month-old APPDutch mice were treated with a potent BACE1 inhibitor (NB360, Norvartis, Basel, Switzerland; Neumann et al., Mol Neurodegener, 10, p.44, 2015) for four months. Hemispheres were split for biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. Aβ levels in brain and CSF were assessed using an electrochemiluminescence-linked immunoassay, whereas CAA was characterized immunohistochemically. Aβ in the brain of APPDutch mice accumulated with age. CSF Aβ decreased with increasing CAA load. BACE1 inhibition not only blocked Aβ increase in brain but also kept CAA pathology on baseline level. APPDutch mice exhibit a similar biomarker profile in regards to CSF and brain Aβ as APP transgenic mouse models developing parenchymal amyloid deposits. Furthermore, BACE1 inhibition prevents CAA formation. Therefore, BACE1 inhibitors are likely to provide therapeutic benefits in blocking Aβ-CAA in HCHWA-D as well as AD patients predisposed to develop vascular amyloid.