gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Membrane Filtration – Fluorescent Antibody Staining Procedure for Detecting and Quantifying <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in Coelomic Fluid of Chinook Salmon (<i>oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) (1987)

We developed a rapid method for detecting and quantifying the pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum in coelomic fluid of spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) by concentrating the bacteria on 0.2-μm polycarbonate filters and staining them with specific fluorescein-labeled antibody. Centrifugation of samples and resuspension of the sedimented material in phosphate-buffered saline containing Triton X-100 increased the ease of filtration. Background fluorescence was reduced by counterstaining filters with Eriochrome black T. Postfiltration staining, rinsing, and counterstaining were done in the syringe-mounted filter holders, reducing handling of the filters and possible loss of bacteria. The number of bacteria detected by the filtration – fluorescent antibody technique in a broth culture of R. salmoninarum ranged from 6.7 × 10 7 to7.6 × 10 7 /mL and was slightly higher than that determined by plate count (9.6 × 10 6 /mL). Increasing the sample dilution or decreasing the number of microscope fields examined generally increased the variability of filter counts of R. salmoninarum. Using the filtration – fluorescent antibody technique, we detected the bacterium in the coelomic fluid of 85% of spawning female spring chinook salmon sampled from a hatchery population.
Clinical Appointment Process: Improvement Through Schedule Defragmentation (2010)

Most clinics rely on the appointment scheduling systems to manage patients' access to their health-care providers. Conventional appointment scheduling processes have intrinsic inefficiency because of the tendency to generate fragmented time slots. In this article, a solution, which considers patient-provider mutual preference, is provided to guide the appointment scheduling process by means of schedule defragmentation. Computer simulation shows that patient-provider cooperation can effectively reduce schedule fragmentation, yielding higher appointment acceptance rate and clinic time utilization rate at given appointment demand matched by service supply. When service time distribution can be accurately estimated, decreasing unit time slot size may further improve the appointment scheduling efficiency. In addition, a clinical survey was conducted to identify the opportunities and challenges of applying the proposed defragmentation method in clinical appointment scheduling practice.
Cloud Service Provider Methods for Managing Insider Threats: Analysis Phase 2, Expanded Analysis and Recommendations (2014)

Abstract : Throughout the third quarter of 2013, researchers in the CERT (registered trademark) Insider Threat Center, part of the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute, contacted commercial and government cloud service providers (CSPs) to better understand the administrative and technical risks posed by CSP insiders and the countermeasures that CSPs are considering and deploying to identify and mitigate insider attacks. Based on the insights obtained from participating CSPs, CERT researchers have examined how existing CSP insider threat management practices may be improved. Researchers also examined the CERT Division's Insider Threat Assessment workbooks to identify some data types useful for CSP security information and event management (SIEM) systems, specifically for mitigating insider threats. A table listing those identified data sources may be of use for CSPs adding logging, analysis, and alerts to their SIEM systems. This report contains observations obtained from interview and survey responses of participating CSP personnel, considerations for improving insider threat mitigation processes, and current challenges within the CSP community as observed by the Insider Threat Center team.
An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Methylphenidate (Ritalin(R)) in Urine (2003)

A direct enyzme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for urinary immunoreactive methylphenidate (Ritalin), in which a standard 96-well microtiter plate is used, is described. For this ELISA, a methylphenidate-thyroglobulin conjugate is immobilized to the microtiter plate and competes with methylphenidate in the standard or urine sample for antibody-binding sites. After washing, the sheep methylphenidate antibody bound to immobilized methylphenidate is detected with peroxidase-labelled goat antisheep IgG. Following a further wash, tetramethylbenzidine is added, color is developed, and the plate is read at 450 nm on an ELISA plate reader. This method is unaffected by drugs of abuse and is suitable for routine use in the toxicology laboratory.
Reception (1996)

Remarkably, the Concord Sonata was the first work Ives had offered to the public since five short compositions were published in 1896 and 1897 during his college days at Yale University. Throughout the intervening years, Ives's most active composing years, few subsequent works were even rehearsed by professional musicians. When Ives's magnum opus (or at least a strong candidate for this distinction), the Concord Sonata, along with its elaborate philosophical program notes, the Essays Before a Sonata, arrived unannounced and unheralded to Musical Courier subscribers and other musicians in 1921, Ives was virtually unknown.
Long-term results with the titanium bone-anchored hearing aid: the U.S. experience. (1998)

The BAHA is a safe and effective bone conduction hearing aid with wide applications for patients with bone conduction hearing levels of 45 db and discrimination scores of 60% or better.
TRAF-6 Dependent Signaling Pathway Is Essential for TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Induces Osteoclast Differentiation (2012)

Human osteoclast formation from mononuclear phagocyte precursors involves interactions between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily members and their receptors. Recent evidence indicates that in addition to triggering apoptosis, the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces osteoclast differentiation. To understand TRAIL-mediated signal transduction mechanism in osteoclastogenesis, we demonstrated that TRAIL induces osteoclast differentiation via a Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF-6)-dependent signaling pathway. TRAIL-induced osteoclast differentiation was significantly inhibited by treatment with TRAF-6 siRNA and TRAF6 decoy peptides in both human monocytes and murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines, as evaluated in terms of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells and bone resorption activity. Moreover, TRAIL-induced osteoclast differentiation was also abolished in TRAF6 knockout bone marrow macrophages. In addition to induction of NFATc1, treatment of TRAIL also induced ubiquitination of TRAF6 in osteoclast differentiation. Thus, our data demonstrate that TRAIL induces osteoclastic differentiation via a TRAF-6 dependent signaling pathway. This study suggests TRAF6-dependent signaling may be a central pathway in osteoclast differentiation, and that TNF superfamily molecules other than RANKL may modify RANK signaling by interaction with TRAF6-associated signaling.
High T/sub c/ superconductor and III-V solid state microwave hybrid circuits (1993)

Several high-temperature superconductor (HTS)/III-V solid-state hybrid microwave circuits were designed, fabricated, and tested. The I-V curves, S-parameters, and noise behavior for several solid-state devices at cryogenic temperatures were measured. Several high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) and heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) C-band low-noise amplifiers were fabricated and tested at cryogenic temperatures with an additional gain of 3 dB when compared to their room-temperature gain. These amplifiers were also used in low-phase-noise oscillators stabilized by a HTS lambda /2 microstrip line resonator with a loaded Q-value of 3*10/sup 3/ or a sapphire-HTS resonator with a loaded Q-value of 1.2*10/sup 6/, both measured at 80 K. Preliminary measurement at 70 K indicates that the phase noise of an oscillator stabilized with a sapphire-HTS resonator was below -125 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset and limited by the test setup.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Insulin Signaling Diverges into Akt-dependent and -independent Signals to Regulate the Recruitment/Docking and the Fusion of GLUT4 Vesicles to the Plasma Membrane (2006)

Insulin modulates glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissue by regulating the cellular redistribution of the GLUT4 glucose transporter. Protein kinase Akt/PKB is a central mediator of insulin-regulated translocation of GLUT4; however, the GLUT4 trafficking step(s) regulated by Akt is not known. Here, we use acute pharmacological Akt inhibition to show that Akt is required for insulin-stimulated exocytosis of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. Our data also suggest that the AS160 Rab GAP is not the only Akt target required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. Using a total internal reflection microscopy assay, we show that Akt activity is specifically required for an insulin-mediated prefusion step involving the recruitment and/or docking of GLUT4 vesicles to within 250 nm of the plasma membrane. Moreover, the insulin-stimulated fusion of GLUT4 vesicles with the plasma membrane can occur independently of Akt activity, although based on inhibition by wortmannin, it is dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase activity. Hence, to achieve full redistribution of GLUT4 into the plasma membrane, insulin signaling bifurcates to independently regulate both fusion and a prefusion step(s).
Coordinated Multicast Trees (CMT)for TRILL (2012)

TRILL facilitates loop free connectivity to non TRILL legacy networks
via choice of an Appointed Forwarder for set of VLANs. Appointed
Forwarder provides VLAN level load sharing with active- standby model.
Mission critical operations such as High Performance Data Centers
require active-active load sharing model. Active-Active load sharing
model can be accomplished by representing any given non TRILL legacy
network with a single virtual RBridge. Virtual representation of the
non-TRILL legacy network with a single RBridge poses serious
challenges in multi-destination RPF calculations. This document
presents the required enhancements to build Coordinated Multicast
Trees (CMT) within the TRILL campus to solve related RPF issues. CMT
provides flexibility to RBridges to select desired path of association
to a given distribution tree.
Purification, molecular cloning, and expression of the gene encoding fatty acid 13‐hydroperoxide lyase from guava fruit (<i>Psidium guajava</i>) (2000)

Guava fruit was identified as a particularly rich source of 13-hydroperoxide lyase activity. The enzyme proved stable to chromatographic procedures and was purified to homogeneity. Based on gel filtration and gel electrophoresis, the native enzyme appears to be a homotetramer with subunits of 55 kD. Starting with primers based on the peptide sequence, the enzyme was cloned by polymerase chain reaction with 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The sequence shows approximately 60-70% identity to known 13-hydroperoxide lyases and is classified in cytochrome P450 74B subfamily as CYP74B5. The cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli (BL21 cells), with optimal enzyme activity obtained in the absence of isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside and delta-aminolevulinic acid. The expressed enzyme metabolized 13(S)-hydroperoxylinolenic acid over 10-fold faster than 13(S)-hydroperoxylinoleic acid and the 9-hydroperoxides of linoleic and linolenic acids. 13(S)-Hydroperoxylinolenic acid was converted to 12-oxododec-9(Z)-enoic acid and 3(Z)-hexenal, as identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The turnover number with this substrate, with enzyme concentration estimated from the Soret absorbance, was approximately 2000/s, comparable to values reported for the related allene oxide synthases. Distinctive features of the guava 13-hydroperoxide lyase and related cytochrome P450 are discussed.
Optimizing dynamic-threshold DTMOS device performance in an SOI embedded DRAM technology (2004)

This paper describes the DC and high frequency characteristics of a dynamic threshold DTMOS n-channel device, fabricated within a low-cost CMOS SOC process which also includes high-density embedded DRAM. The DTMOS device design in this process was previously found to be superior to both grounded body (GB) and floating body (FB) MOSFETs. This DTMOS device achieves kink-free behavior, with gm=936 /spl mu/S//spl mu/m, g/sub out/=36 /spl mu/S//spl mu/m, Ion/Ioff=210 /spl mu/A/0.1 pA, S=67 mV/dec, and fmax=32 GHz at V/sub DD/=1 V. These DTMOS devices are excellent for sub-volt embedded baseband circuits with sufficient performance for RF front-end circuits, thus enabling the combination of embedded DRAM, digital, analog, and RF circuit cores in, ultra-low-power, low-cost SOCs.
CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE FROM FLUE GAS USING DRY REGENERABLE SORBENTS (2005)

This report describes research conducted between October 1, 2004 and December 31, 2004 on the use of dry regenerable sorbents for removal of carbon dioxide from flue gas. Two supported sorbents were tested in a bench scale fluidized bed reactor system. The sorbents were prepared by impregnation of sodium carbonate on to an inert support at a commercial catalyst manufacturing facility. One sorbent, tested through five cycles of carbon dioxide sorption in an atmosphere of 3% water vapor and 0.8 to 3% carbon dioxide showed consistent reactivity with sodium carbonate utilization of 7 to 14%. A second, similarly prepared material, showed comparable reactivity in one cycle of testing. Batches of 5 other materials were prepared in laboratory scale quantities (primarily by spray drying). These materials generally have significantly greater surface areas than calcined sodium bicarbonate. Small scale testing showed no significant adsorption of mercury on representative carbon dioxide sorbent materials under expected flue gas conditions.
Design and Preparation of Ethyl Cellulose Microcapsules of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for Neutron-Capture Therapy Using the Wurster Process. (1993)

Microcapsules of hygroscopic, highly water-soluble gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA-DM) for use in preliminary in vivo experiments for neutron-capture therapy were designed. They were prepared with such properties as a particle size small enough to be suspended and injected through a syringe, a negligible release of Gd-DTPA-DM, and a high drug content by means of the Wurster process, a spray coating method using a spouted bed with a draft tube. They were composed of lactose cores of 53-63 microm, an undercoat of ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a drug-layer of Gd-DTPA-DM, EC and PVP, a waterproof coat and a release-sustaining overcoat of EC and cholesterol (1:1), and a surface treated with hydrogenated egg lecithin. By curing at 110 degrees C for 30 min after mixing with 20% pulverized mannitol powder, the 20% overcoating suppressed the release of Gd-DTPA-DM from 75-106 microm microcapsules to less than 10% for the first 20 min, which was the period required to prepare a suspension, inject it and irradiate the neutron. The microcapsules could be used to confirm that the intracellular presence of Gd is not critical in gadolinium neutron-capture therapy.
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 enhancement of InsP3 receptor activity is inhibited by therapeutic levels of lithium (2006)

Regulation and dysregulation of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signaling via the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) has been linked to many cellular processes and pathological conditions. In the present study, addition of neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1), a high-affinity, low-capacity, calcium-binding protein, to purified InsP3R type 1 (InsP3R1) increased the channel activity in both a calcium-dependent and -independent manner. In intact cells, enhanced expression of NCS-1 resulted in increased intracellular calcium release upon stimulation of the phosphoinositide signaling pathway. To determine whether InsP3R1/NCS-1 interaction could be functionally relevant in bipolar disorders, conditions in which NCS-1 is highly expressed, we tested the effect of lithium, a salt widely used for treatment of bipolar disorders. Lithium inhibited the enhancing effect of NCS-1 on InsP3R1 function, suggesting that InsP3R1/NCS-1 interaction is an essential component of the pathomechanism of bipolar disorder.
A 32-bit VLSI CPU with 15-MIPS peak performance (1987)

A 32-b single-chip VLSI CPU which implements the entire 140 instructions of the Hewlett-Packard precision architecture (HPPA) using direct hardwired decoding and execution is described. A sustained pipeline performance of 10.8 million instructions per second (MIPS), 15-MIPS peak, is achieved. The chip is fabricated in a 1.5-/spl mu/m NMOS production process which utilizes two levels of tungsten interconnect and contains 115000 transistors on an 8.4/spl times/8.4-mm die. A 30-MHz operating frequency is achieved under worst-case operating conditions.
Studies on the Synthesis of Antiulcer Agents. VI. Synthesis and Antiulcer Activity of Dihydrobenzofuranone Derivatives (1989)

In the preceding paper, we reported that 1-[3-[3-oxospiro[benzofuran-2(3H),1'-cyclopropan]-5- yl]acryloyl]piperidine(1a) and 4-[3-[3-oxospiro[benzofuran-2(3H),1'-cyclopropan]-5- yl]acryloyl]morpholine(1b) have potent antiulcer activities. In this paper, propionic acid derivatives (2,3) and oxyacetic acid derivatives (4, 5, 10) were prepared by converting the acryloyl moiety into propionyl and oxyacetyl groups, and tested for antiulcer activities. As a result, [3-oxospiro[benzofuran-2(3H),1'-cyclopropan]5-yloxy]-a cetamide(4j) exhibited significant antiulcer activities.
Noncontrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and venography imaging with enhanced angiography (2013)

Using the proposed interleaved double-echo sequence along with the NLS postprocessing method, one can simultaneously obtain both high-quality SWI and significantly enhanced TOF MRA with clear separation of arterial and venous maps.
A self-assembling peptide scaffold functionalized for use with neural stem cells (2005)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2005.
Does a free‐of‐charge distribution of boil‐and‐bite mouthguards to young adult amateur sportsmen affect oral and facial trauma? (2009)

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the compliance effectiveness of free-of-charge distribution of boil-and-bite mouthguards to amateur sportsmen who exercise and play without a formal team, a coach, or regulations. Several infantry units in the Israel Defense Forces distributed maxillary boil-and-bite mouthguards to their recruits. Target companies from these battalions and from similar battalions (comparison group--mouthguards not supplied), were selected. Soldiers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Of the 630 male participants, 272 received a mouthguard and 358 served as the comparison group. No differences were found between groups regarding demographic parameters or overall trauma cases. When compliance to a free-of-charge distributed boil-and-bite mouthguard was assessed, 93 (34.2%) participants reported using the mouthguard during sport activities. Compliance was high for martial arts, but low for other sports. Although the number of self-reported sport-related oral/dental trauma cases was similar between mouthguard users and non-users, the users group showed less severe injuries. However, free distribution to young amateur sportsmen does not affect oral and dental trauma unless accompanied by education and motivation.
Rapid Deposition of Uniform Polydopamine Coatings on Nanoparticle Surfaces with Controllable Thickness (2017)

Polydopamine is a bioinspired, versatile material that can adhere to bulk and nanoscale surfaces made of disparate materials to improve their physical and chemical properties in many applications. The typical methods to coat polydopamine on the nanoparticle substrates usually take several hours to a day. This work successfully applies a dispersion method to form a controllable, uniform coating on a nanoparticle surface within minutes. Using plasmonic Ag nanoparticles as a substrate, the coating thickness can be monitored using a spectroscopic method based on the extinction peak shifts of the Ag nanoparticles. The deposition rate increases with dopamine concentration; however, too much excess dopamine leads to the formation of free dopamine particles. The optimized concentration of dopamine (i.e., ∼6 mM) can be applied to other nanoparticles by normalizing the number of particles to maintain a constant concentration of dopamine per unit surface area (i.e., 1.70 × 10<sup>4</sup> dopamine/nm<sup>2</sup>). The molecular dynamics simulation reveals that the amount of hydrogen bonding increases with water content, suggesting that sufficient mixing using the dispersion tool facilitates the formation of hydrogen bonding, thus rapidly depositing PDA on the nanoparticle surface. The physical and chemical properties (e.g., pH response and thermal stability) can be tailored by varying the coating thickness due to the changes in the number of hydrogen bonds and the conformation of π-π interactions. This dispersion method provides a facile means to control the PDA coating thickness on nanoparticle surfaces and thus the surface properties of nanoparticles toward various applications.
Rapid thermal multiprocessing for a programmable factory for adaptable manufacturing of ICs (1994)

This paper presents an overview of research at Stanford University on the development of concepts of a programmable factory, based on a new generation of flexible multifunctional equipment implemented in a smaller flexible factory. This approach is demonstrated through the development of a novel single wafer Rapid Thermal Multiprocessing (RTM) reactor with extensive integration of sensors, computers and related technology for specification, communication, execution, monitoring, control, and diagnosis to demonstrate the programmable nature of the RTM. The RTM combines rapid thermal processing and several other process environments in a single chamber, with applications for multilayer in-situ growth and deposition of dielectrics, semiconductors and metals. Because it is highly instrumented, the RTM is very flexible for in-situ multiprocessing, allowing rapid cycling of ambient gases, temperature, pressure, etc. It allows several processing steps to be executed sequentially in-situ, while providing sufficient flexibility to allow optimization of each processing step. This flexibility is partially the result of a new lamp system with three concentric rings each of which is independently and dynamically controlled to provide for better control over the spatial and temporal optical flux profile resulting in excellent temperature uniformity over a wide range of process conditions namely temperatures, pressures and gas flow rates. The lamp system has been optimally designed through the use of a newly developed thermal simulator. For equipment and process control, a variety of sensors for real-time measurements and a model based control system have been developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF RESORCINOL‐4,6‐ AND ‐2,4‐DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS (1975)

Abstract Die Dicarbonsäure (II) entsteht beim Erhitzen von Resorcin (I) in K‐bicarbonat‐Lösung im Gemisch mit zwei isomeren Dihydroxybenzoesäuren, beim Erhitzen von (I) mit festem KHCO 3 im geschlossenen Rohr auf 210°C aber als einziges Produkt.
Metformin-induced changes of the gut microbiota in healthy young men: results of a non-blinded, one-armed intervention study (2019)

Clinicaltrialsregister.eu 2015-000199-86 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02546050 FUNDING: This project was funded by Danish Diabetes Association and The Novo Nordisk Foundation.