gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tracer norepinephrine kinetics in coronary circulation of patients with heart failure secondary to chronic pressure and volume overload. (1985)

Controversy exists over the nature of the abnormality in cardiac sympathetic nerves in heart failure. In the cardiomyopathy of the Syrian hamster, reduction in tissue stores and increased turnover of norepinephrine is clearly associated with excessive sympathetic stimulation but in animal models and humans with heart failure secondary to mechanical overload there is evidence for depression of neuronal uptake. Because norepinephrine is both released and taken up by sympathetic fibers it is impossible to assess norepinephrine kinetics in an intact heart without separating these two functions. A technique for doing so has recently been developed in normal dogs and we therefore acquired similar data in humans with heart failure secondary to chronic pressure and volume overload. The technique involves the combination of transient norepinephrine tracer coronary sinus outflow in relation to intravascular and interstitial references after simultaneous injection into the left coronary artery and the measurement of endogenous norepinephrine concentrations in artery and coronary sinus. We found a marked reduction in cardiac norepinephrine release and uptake in a group of patients with clinical left ventricular failure secondary to mechanical overload, relative to a group of patients with no failure. Norepinephrine balance and overflow across the heart were not significantly different. We conclude that there is hypofunction of the cardiac sympathetic nerves in heart failure secondary to mechanical overload and that traditional methods are inadequate in assessing cardiac norepinephrine kinetics when there are simultaneous changes in neuronal uptake and release.
Carried Object Detection Using Ratio Histogram and its Application to Suspicious Event Analysis (2009)

This letter proposes a novel method to detect carried objects from videos and applies it for analysis of suspicious events. First of all, we propose a novel kernel-based tracking method for tracking each foreground object and further obtaining its trajectory. With the trajectory, a novel ratio histogram is then proposed for analyzing the interactions between the carried object and its owner. After color re-projection, different carried objects can be then accurately segmented from the background by taking advantages of Gaussian mixture models. After bag detection, an event analyzer is then designed to analyze various suspicious events from the videos. Even though there is no prior knowledge about the bag (such as shape or color), our proposed method still performs well to detect these suspicious events. As we know, due to the uncertainties of the shape and color of the bag, there is no automatic system that can analyze various suspicious events involving bags (such as robbery) without using any manual effort. However, by taking advantages of our proposed ratio histogram, different carried bags can be well segmented from videos and applied for event analysis. Experimental results have proved that the proposed method is robust, accurate, and powerful in carried object detection and suspicious event analysis.
A 3.1mW/Gbps 30Gbps quarter-rate triple-speculation 15-tap SC-DFE RX data path in 32nm CMOS (2012)

This paper describes a low-power implementation of a receiver data path, consisting of the RX termination with ESD, continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE), and a 15-tap decision feedback equalizer (DFE) running at quarter rate. While the first 3 DFE taps are implemented by speculation, the latter 12 taps use a switched-cap (SC-DFE) approach. The circuit was produced in 32nm SOI-CMOS, and was measured to receive 30Gb/s PRBS31 data at <;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> BER over a 36dB loss channel with an energy efficiency of 3.1mW/Gbps.
Synthesis and Structure of the Nanoclusters [Hg<sub>32</sub>Se<sub>14</sub>(SePh)<sub>36</sub>], [Cd<sub>32</sub>Se<sub>14</sub>(SePh)<sub>36</sub>‐(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>],[P(Et)<sub>2</sub>(Ph)C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>OSiMe<sub>3</sub>]<sub>5</sub>‐ [Cd<sub>18</sub>I<sub>17</sub>(PSiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>12</sub>], and [N(Et)<sub>3</sub>C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>OSiMe<sub>3</sub>]<sub>5</sub>[Cd<sub>18</sub>I<sub>17</sub>(PSiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>12</sub>] (1996)

Abstract For corrigendum see DOI: 10.1002/anie.199721271
Characterization of Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 Insecticidal Crystal Proteins Expressed in Transgenic Corn Plants and <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (2004)

Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins, identified from Bacillus thuringiensis strain PS149B1, act together to control corn rootworms. Transgenic corn lines coexpressing the two proteins were developed to protect corn against rootworm damage. Large quantities of the two proteins were needed to conduct studies required for assessing the safety of this transgenic corn crop. Because it was technically infeasible to obtain sufficient quantities of high purity Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins from the transgenic corn plants, the proteins were produced using a recombinant Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf) production system. The two proteins from both the transgenic corn and the Pf were purified and characterized. The proteins from each host had the expected molecular mass and were immunoreactive to specific antibodies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. Data from N-terminal sequencing, tryptic peptide mass fingerprinting, internal peptide sequencing, and biological activity provided direct evidence that the Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins produced in Pf and transgenic corn were, respectively, comparable or equivalent molecules. In addition, neither protein had detectable glycosylation regardless of the host.
Quinone amine polymers. IX. Attempts to synthesize polyamine–benzoquinone polymers using air and oxygen as oxidizing agents (1991)

Abstract Attempts to synthesize Jeffamine D‐400 : p ‐benzoquinone = 1 : 1 and later Jeffamine D‐400 : hydroquinone = 1 : 1 oligomers, using air or oxygen as the oxidizing agent, have been only partially successful. Although oligomers that yield nontacky coatings are completely precipitable in water, only about 25% of these products are precipitable in water while 75% remains in suspension. These polymers yield tacky coatings, which suggests that neither air nor oxygen is capable of oxidizing hydroquinone to benzoquinone, which is necessary for the formation of the polymer. Hence, most of the oligomer chains are too short to precipitate in water.
Application of a polymorphic Y microsatellite to the detection of post bone marrow transplantation chimaerism (1995)

A highly sensitive Y-microsatellite amplification system was developed for the detection of post bone marrow transplantation (BMT) chimaerism. The system is able to detect the DNA equivalent of a single male cell in a background of 10(5) female cells. For clinical applications it has the distinct advantage that the polymorphic nature of the PCR product allows the checking of the genuineness of a positive PCR signal by reference to its allelic type. This extra degree of precision enhances the accuracy of Y-PCR for clinical diagnosis.
Multimodal Dialog for Browsing Large Visual Catalogs using Exploration-Exploitation Paradigm in a Joint Embedding Space (2019)

We present a multimodal dialog (MMD) system to assist online customers in visually browsing through large catalogs. Visual browsing allows customers to explore products beyond exact search results. We focus on a slightly asymmetric version of a complete MMD system, in that our agent can understand both text and image queries, but responds only in images. We formulate our problem of "showing the k best images to a user'', based on the dialog context so far, as sampling from a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) in a high dimensional joint multimodal embedding space. The joint embedding space is learned by Common Representation Learning and embeds both the text and the image queries. Our system remembers the context of the dialog, and uses an exploration-exploitation paradigm to assist in visual browsing. We train and evaluate the system on an MMD dataset that we synthesize from large catalog data. Our experiments and preliminary human evaluation show that the system is capable of learning and displaying relevant products with an average cosine similarity of 0.85 to the ground truth results, and is capable of engaging human users.
The effects of hepatitis B virus integration into the genomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients (2012)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV integration into the host genome has been reported, but its scale, impact and contribution to HCC development is not clear. Here, we sequenced the tumor and nontumor genomes (>80× coverage) and transcriptomes of four HCC patients and identified 255 HBV integration sites. Increased sequencing to 240× coverage revealed a proportionally higher number of integration sites. Clonal expansion of HBV-integrated hepatocytes was found specifically in tumor samples. We observe a diverse collection of genomic perturbations near viral integration sites, including direct gene disruption, viral promoter-driven human transcription, viral-human transcript fusion, and DNA copy number alteration. Thus, we report the most comprehensive characterization of HBV integration in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Such widespread random viral integration will likely increase carcinogenic opportunities in HBV-infected individuals.
Using GRAPPA to improve autocalibrated coil sensitivity estimation for the SENSE family of parallel imaging reconstruction algorithms (2008)

Two strategies are widely used in parallel MRI to reconstruct subsampled multicoil image data. SENSE and related methods employ explicit receiver coil spatial response estimates to reconstruct an image. In contrast, coil-by-coil methods such as GRAPPA leverage correlations among the acquired multicoil data to reconstruct missing k-space lines. In self-referenced scenarios, both methods employ Nyquist-rate low-frequency k-space data to identify the reconstruction parameters. Because GRAPPA does not require explicit coil sensitivities estimates, it needs considerably fewer autocalibration signals than SENSE. However, SENSE methods allow greater opportunity to control reconstruction quality though regularization and thus may outperform GRAPPA in some imaging scenarios. Here, we employ GRAPPA to improve self-referenced coil sensitivity estimation in SENSE and related methods using very few auto-calibration signals. This enables one to leverage each methods' inherent strength and produce high quality self-referenced SENSE reconstructions.
Dendrimer-Based Fluorescent Indicators: In Vitro and In Vivo Applications (2011)

We believe that the proposed architecture can represent a useful and novel tool in fluorescence imaging that can be widely applied in conjunction with a broad range of sensing dyes and experimental setups.
Emerging drugs for actinic keratosis (2010)

Many treatment modalities are available for the treatment of AK. Recent developments have focused on the management of the whole actinically damaged field. In this regard, several topical drugs have been approved for AK, differing in clearance rates, side effects, application and cost. Research is continuing aiming in the development of the "ideal" treatment of AK which combines high clearance rates with few side effects, short treatment duration and low costs.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG HIV/AIDSDI KELURAHAN DASAN AGUNG WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS DASAN AGUNG KOTA MATARAM (2016)

Jumlah penderita HIV AIDS di Kota Mataram mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Oleh karenanya dalam rangka melaksanakan program pencegahan dan penanggulanagan HIV/AIDS, Konsep Layanan Komperhensif dan Berkesinambungan (LKB) digagas oleh Kementerian Kesehatan melalui upaya-upaya promotif, preventif, kuratif dan rehabilitatif agar masyarakat yang belum terinfeksi tidak tertular HIV/AIDS dan masyarakat yang sudah terinfeksi dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang HIV/AIDS di Kelurahan Dasan Agung Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Dasan Agung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagian ibu hamil yaitu sebanyak 75 orang di Kelurahan Dasan Agung. Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari data primer yaitu melalui hasil pengumpulan data sendiri dari responden menggunakan alat bantu kuesioner. Pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang HIV/AIDS ditinjau dari karakteristik responden menurut umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan adalah responden berpengetahuan baik yaitu sebanyak 69 orang (92,0%), berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 6 orang (8,0%). Walaupun sebagian besar responden berpengetahuan baik, namun masih ada beberapa pertanyaan yang tidak dapat dijawab dengan benar diantaranya yaitu pertanyaan tentang pengertian, gejala dan penularan HIV/AIDS. Disarankan agar petugas kesehatan tetap melakukan penyuluhan kepada ibu hamil terutama yang berkaitan dengan gejala dan cara pencegahan HIV/AIDS.
Gain in hydrostatic pressure sensitivity of coatedfibre Bragg grating (1999)

Theoretical results that predict a gain in the pressure sensitivity of a fibre Bragg grating when coated in an elastoplastic material are reported. Experimental results using a highly sensitive interferometric interrogation scheme confirm that at least 25 dB of gain is achievable.
Reduced-complexity MAP equalizer for dispersive channels (2002)

We present a computationally efficient soft-output equalizer for communication over dispersive channels. The proposed equalizer has a forward and backward recursion structure similar to the classic BCJR MAP algorithm, but its complexity is reduced by constructing a reduced-state trellis, as in the decision feedback sequence estimator (DFSE). We are able to achieve consistent state definitions by running the backward pass on the same trellis as the forward pass. The performance of this reduced-complexity equalizer is evaluated within an iterative receiver in which the intersymbol interference (ISI) channel and channel code are treated as serially concatenated codes. The EDGE air interface is used as an illustrative example, for which we are able to reduce the number of states from 4096 to 8.
A Unimolecular G-Quadruplex that Functions as a Synthetic Transmembrane Na<sup>+</sup> Transporter (2005)

We describe the covalent post-modification of a hydrogen-bonded assembly with the subsequent formation of a potent transmembrane Na+ ion transporter. Olefin metathesis is used to cross-link all 16 guanosine subunits in a lipophilic G-quadruplex. The resulting unimolecular G-quadruplex folds in the environment of a phospholipid membrane and functions as a Na+ ion transporter as judged by fluorescence and 23Na NMR transport assays.
Specificity and T cell receptor β chain usage of a human collagen type II‐reactive T cell clone derived from a healthy individual (1992)

Collagen type II (CII) is a cartilage-specific matrix compound well known as an inducer of an experimental, T cell-dependent autoimmune arthritis, a disease which shows some similarities to human rheumatoid arthritis. Here we report on an HLA-DR7-restricted human CD4 T cell clone (TC9), which was isolated from a healthy donor and recognizes human CII. After screening CNBr fragments of CII and tryptic fragments derived thereof, the T cell epitope could be mapped to amino acid residues 271-285 of the triple helical region of CII that are located within CNBr fragment 11 [alpha 1 (II) CB11]. This epitope was confirmed by a synthetic peptide stimulatory for TC9. The T cell receptor beta chain of TC9 was cloned using the polymerase chain reaction; it comprises V beta 6.7 and contains besides J beta 2.3 and C beta 2 an as yet undescribed sequence for the D segment.
Visualization exploration and encapsulation via a spreadsheet-like interface (2001)

Exploring complex, very large data sets requires interfaces to present and navigate through the visualization of the data. Two types of audience benefit from such coherent organization and representation: first, the user of the visualization system can examine and evaluate their data more efficiently; second, collaborators or reviewers can quickly understand and extend the visualization. The needs of these two groups are addressed by the spreadsheet-like interface described in this paper. The interface represents a 2D window in a multidimensional visualization parameter space. Data is explored by navigating this space via the interface. The visualization space is presented to the user in a manner that clearly identifies which parameters correspond to which visualized result. Operations defined on this space can be applied which generate new parameters or results. Combined with a general-purpose interpreter, these functions can be utilized to quickly extract desired results. Finally, by encapsulating the visualization process, redundant exploration is eliminated and collaboration is facilitated. The efficacy of this novel interface is demonstrated through examples using a variety of data sets in different domains.
Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding inorganic pyrophosphatase of Escherichia coli K-12 (1988)

Escherichia coli K-12 gene ppa encoding inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) was cloned and sequenced. The 5' end of the ppa mRNA was identified by primer extension mapping. A typical E. coli sigma 70 promoter was identified immediately upstream of the mRNA 5' end. The structural gene of ppa contains 528 base pairs, from which a 175-amino-acid translation product, Mr 19,572, was deduced. The deduced amino acid composition perfectly fitted with that of PPase as previously determined (P. Burton, D. C. Hall, and J. Josse, J. Biol. Chem. 245:4346-4351, 1970). Furthermore, the partial amino acid sequence (residues 1 to 108) of E. coli PPase determined by S. A. Cohen (Ph.D. thesis, University of Chicago, 1978) was the same as that deduced from the nucleotide sequence. This is the first report of the cloning of a PPase gene.
Discovery of ADDL-Targeting Small Molecule Drugs for Alzheimers Disease (2007)

Amyloid beta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) comprise the neurotoxic subset of soluble Abeta(1-42) oligomers, now widely considered to be the molecular cause of memory malfunction and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have developed a screening cascade which identifies small molecule modulators of ADDL-mediated neurotoxicity. The primary screen involves a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based assay which selects inhibitors of Abeta1-42 oligomer assembly. The identified hits were further characterized by assessing their ability to inhibit the assembly and binding of ADDLs to cultures of primary hippocampal neurons. This approach has led to the identification of a number of small molecules which inhibit ADDL assembly and their subsequent binding to neurons. Here we describe our small molecule discovery efforts to identify ADDL assembly blocker and ADDL binding inhibitors, and to transform validated hits into pre-clinical lead compounds.
Femtosecond lentotomy: generating gliding planes inside the crystalline lens to regain accommodation ability (2010)

Abstract Based on Helmholtz Theory for accommodation the increasing sclerosis of lens nucleus and cortex is the main cause for the developments of presbyopia. Existing therapies, however, do not reverse the stiffness of the crystalline lens and thus do not regain real accommodation ability. A new approach to restore the flexibility of the lens could be realized by photodisruption using ultrafast laser pulses. This process, known as fs‐lentotomy, was used to create micro‐incisions which act as gliding planes inside the crystalline lens without opening the eye globe. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
L'architecture Path Computation Element (PCE) pour les réseaux MPLS et son application à l'internet des objets (2013)

Modern data networks carry a wide variety of traffic such as voice, video, data and other industrial protocols that require guaranteed quality of service. Traffic Engineering (TE) allows for network resource optimization while meeting service level agreement for these sensitive traffics in terms of delays, jitter but also network reliability in case of network element failure. To that end a technology making use of constrained paths using label switching (called MPLS TE) has been developed and widely used in a number of networks. The objective of this thesis is to propose a new architecture model referred to as the Path Computation Element (PCE) along with a number of protocols and algorithms in order to tackle a number of technical challenges. First the PCE architecture is described in terms of functional blocks with its protocols: the signalization protocol called PCEP used between client and servers in charge of computing label switched path in the network, the process of PCE discovery and load balancing. Then a new backward recursive algorithm is specified allowing for the computation of optimal inter-domain tunnels, which involves a series of stateless PCEs. We then introduce a paradigm shift consisting distributing the computation of backup tunnels in the network used by the well-known technology called Fast Reroute. Thanks to this new paradigm, each node independently acts as a PCE computing the back tunnels of all of its neighbors, thus maximizing the degree of sharing of the backup capacity among tunnels that protect independent resources. We conclude this thesis by showing how the PCE architecture can be applied (with adaptations specified in the last two chapt...
Phase‐Modulated binomial RF pulses for fast spectrally‐selective musculoskeletal imaging (1996)

Two fat-suppressed three-dimensional gradient echo pulse sequences, FLASH and DESS (Double Echo in Steady-State), that have significantly reduced scan time compared with conventional chemical shift fat-suppression sequences are presented. This fat-suppression technique is based on selectively exciting water spins using a time-optimized binomial RF pulse pair at the water resonance frequency with a null in the excitation profile at the fat frequency. To minimize the total pulse length, the delay between the binomial components of the RF pulse is decreased from a standard jump-return implementation. To maintain the proper null frequency, the phase of the second RF pulse is shifted such that it returns the fat resonance back to its initial z position while further tipping the water spins. Nonselective phase-modulated RF pulse pairs can be implemented in 1.20 ms at 1.0 T, significantly reducing the minimum TR.
Ferroelectricity of heteroepitaxial Ba<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> ultrathin films (1997)

Abstract Remanent polarization (2Pr) larger than 0.4 C/m2 has been obtained in heteroepitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BSTO) films, even though the thickness was reduced to as thin as 26 nm. Ferroelectricity is induced by 2-dimensional stress, which is caused by lattice mismatch between the dielectric film and the bottom electrode (SrRuO3). The Curie temperature was confirmed to shift toward higher temperature by more than 200°C. These results constitute a significant advance toward the practical realization of ferroelectric nonvolatile memories with a large capacity of 256 M to 1 G bit.