gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of barcode technology in automated storage and retrieval systems (2002)

Barcode technology is being viewed as providing the vision for computers to gain management control and information updating. Barcode symbologies which are being used widely have been explained with the aid of truth tables and examples. The various methods of generating barcode labels and the types of contact and noncontact barcode readers have been dealt with. Applications for which barcodes are suitable in general and also in automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) is discussed in detail. Sample barcodes that are used in AS/RS inventory control, generated on laserjet printer, are given for better understanding.
Sodium Ion Drift through Phosphosilicate Glass-SiO[sub 2] Films (1971)

The field‐assisted transport of sodium ions through phosphosilicate composite films on silicon substrates has been investigated. The effects of concentration (in the 0 to 8 mole per cent [m/o] range), sodium contamination level (between 1011 and 1015 Na+ ions/cm2), field, temperature, and time have been quantitatively determined. For a limited quantity of transported sodium, this quantity is approximately proportional to the square root of biasing time; exponentially dependent on temperature and field, increases linearly with the initial sodium contamination level; and decreases drastically with increasing concentration. For example, seven more orders of magnitude of time are required to drift a given number of Na+ ions through a composite layer than through a 2150Aå thick layer of pure, thermally grown . The results are consistent with a model based on the emission of Na+ ions from traps in the phosphosilicate layer. It was concluded that phosphosilicate glass films, having negligible intrinsic polarizability, can be used to effectively stabilize IGFET threshold voltages against changes (0.1V in 10 yr at 80°C under a field of ) due to the presence of large amounts of sodium.
Advanced Techniques in CBIR: Local Descriptors, Visual Dictionaries and Bags of Features (2009)

Local descriptors have been extensively used in CBIR systems, where their robustness to intense geometric and photometric transformations allows the identification of a target object/image with great reliability. However, due to their excessive discriminating power, their application to the retrieval of complex categories is challenging. The introduction of the technique of visual dictionaries (also known as dictionary of visual terms) is an important step towards the conciliation between the robustness of local descriptors and the flexibility of generalization needed by complex queries. As a bonus, we become able to employ advanced retrieval techniques which were so far available only for textual data.
28.2: Super Wide View In‐Plane Switching LCD with Positive and Negative Uniaxial A‐Films Compensation (2005)

Abstract A positive uniaxial A‐film and a negative uniaxial A‐film compensated IPS LCD is proposed to widen the viewing angle characteristics by reducing the dark‐state light leakage at off‐axis oblique angles. Simulation results show that a contrast ratio greater than 200:1 is achieved within ±85° viewing cone.
SAPO-18 Catalysts and Their Broensted Acid Sites (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSAPO-18 Catalysts and Their Broensted Acid SitesJiesheng Chen, Paul A. Wright, John Meurig Thomas, Srinivasan Natarajan, Leonardo Marchese, Susan M. Bradley, Gopinathan Sankar, C. Richard A. Catlow, Pratibha L. Gai-Boyes, and Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 40, 10216–10224Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100091a042https://doi.org/10.1021/j100091a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1990Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Adsorption of perfluorinated <i>n</i>-alkanoic acids on native aluminum oxide surfaces (1995)

We have examined the reaction of solution and vacuum vapor deposited long chain perfluorinated n-alkanoic acids CF3(CF2)nCOOH (n=8–16) with the native aluminum-oxide surface using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. Adsorption from solution results in slightly higher acid surface coverage than that achieved from vacuum deposition. We also find that adsorption of acids from either deposition method results in a canted, monodentate configuration. Thermal degradation is observed from the elevated temperatures employed in the vacuum deposition approach. We also find evidence of degradation of the acids from exposure to a nonmonochromatic x-ray source.
GPS signal anti-jamming based on dual-polarized antenna array (2011)

Interference suppression is an essential work and has great influence on the stability of GPS receiver. In this paper, an improved adaptive method of joint polarization and spatial domain is proposed to suppress interference by using the dual-polarized information. Simulation results show that it can effectively mitigate the interference signals and does not require knowledge of the directions of desired sources so that it is suitable for navigation signal processing.
Design and Implementation of a Robust Current Controller for VSI Connected to the Grid Through an <i>LCL</i> Filter (2009)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a discrete controller for grid-connected voltage-source inverters with an <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i> filter usually found in wind power generation systems. First, a theorem that relates the controllability of the discrete dynamic equation of the inverter with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i> filter and the sampling frequency is derived. Then, a condition to obtain a partial state feedback controller robust to grid impedance uncertainties and based on linear matrix inequalities is proposed. This controller guarantees the stability and damping of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i> filter resonance for a large set of grid conditions without requiring self-tuning procedures. Finally, an internal model controller is added to ensure asymptotic reference tracking and disturbance rejection, significantly reducing the impact of grid background voltage distortion on the output currents. Experimental results are presented to support the theoretical analysis and to demonstrate the system performance.
The role of TNF related apoptosis-inducing ligand in neurodegenerative diseases. (2005)

A hallmark of all forms of neurodegenerative diseases is impairment of neuronal functions, and in many cases neuronal cell death. Although the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases may be distinct, different diseases display a similar pathogenesis, for example abnormal immunity within the central nervous system (CNS), activation of macrophage/microglia and the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines. Recent studies show that neurons in a neurodegenerative state undergo a highly regulated programmed cell death, also called apoptosis. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF family, has been shown to be involved in apoptosis during many diseases. As one member of a death ligand family, TRAIL was originally thought to target only tumor cells and was not present in CNS. However, recent data showed that TRAIL was unregulated in HIV-1-infected and immune-activated macrophages, a major disease inducing cell during HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). TRAIL is also induced on neuron by beta-amyloid protein, an important pathogen for Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we summarize the possible common aspects that TRAIL involved those neurodegenerative diseases, TRAIL induced apoptosis signaling in the CNS cells, and specific role of TRAIL in individual diseases.
Refractive index imaging via a chemically amplified process in a solid polymeric medium (2006)

A new refractive index imaging media system is described, based on the photoinitiated isomerization of dewarbenzene derivatives in a solid polymer medium. The system can exhibit a refractive index contrast as high as 0.02, with low dimensional changes on recording. Furthermore, the medium is highly sensitive because the recording process is chemically amplified, that is, many product molecules are formed per photon absorbed. The change in refractive index occurs spontaneously under blue or UV irradiation; no subsequent processing is required. This system may find applications in holographic recording and for integrated optical devices. For example, many spatially overlapping holographic diffraction gratings were recorded (angular multiplexing) in the material in the same volume.
Nucleotides. II.<sup>1</sup> A New Procedure for the Conversion of Ribonucleosides to 2',3'-O-Isopropylidene Derivatives<sup>2</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleotides. II.1 A New Procedure for the Conversion of Ribonucleosides to 2',3'-O-Isopropylidene Derivatives2Alexander HamptonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 17, 3640–3645Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01478a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views776Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (849 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Rectification of images of QR codes posted on cylinders by conic segmentation (2015)

Powered by the pervasive penetration of inexpensive mobile devices and relevant APP's into our daily life, QR codes have found a wide range of applications in recent years. Therefore, the processing of the images of QR codes (also referred to as QR images) is an important task. In this paper, we try to deal with the scenario wherein the QR code is printed or pasted (altogether also referred to as "posted") on the surface of a cylinder. In the scenario considered in this work, the posting need not be aligned to the axis of the cylinder. When a picture is taken on such a QR code, the picture can be seriously distorted, and thus suffers a high probability of decoding failure. In this paper, a scheme called rectification by conic segmentation (CS) is proposed to tackle this kind of problems. Experiments show that the proposed scheme is effective, in the sense that many failed trials at QR decoding become successful after the rectification.
‘Tam Mild Chile-2’ Chile Pepper (1986)

Abstract The major diseases responsible for the decline of profitable pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) production in Texas and other areas throughout the United States and the world have been the potato Y-type viruses (1). ‘TAM Mild Chile-2’ (TMC-2) is the first mildly pungent long green/red chile with multiple virus resistance (MVR) to tobacco etch virus (TEV), potato virus Y (PVY), pepper mottle virus (PeMV), and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) developed by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (TAES). It is recommended as a multi-purpose chile for fresh market, for processing in the green stage, or dehydration into red chile powder. The fruit exhibit a very low pungency and a high concentration of extractable red color.
Carboxylation of Alkyl Iodides with [<sup>11</sup>C] and (<sup>13</sup>C)Carbon Monoxide: Using Sulfoxides as Oxygen Nucleophiles (2005)

11C-Labeled carboxylic acids were prepared from alkyl iodides and [11C]carbon monoxide by irradiation by UV light in anhydrous DMSO solutions in the presence of triethylamine. Sulf­oxides other than DMSO can be used and may be used in stoichiometric amounts using inert solvents.
Metabolic engineering of Clostridium autoethanogenum for selective alcohol production (2017)

Gas fermentation using acetogenic bacteria such as Clostridium autoethanogenum offers an attractive route for production of fuel ethanol from industrial waste gases. Acetate reduction to acetaldehyde and further to ethanol via an aldehyde: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) and alcohol dehydrogenase has been postulated alongside the classic pathway of ethanol formation via a bi-functional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE). Here we demonstrate that AOR is critical to ethanol formation in acetogens and inactivation of AdhE led to consistently enhanced autotrophic ethanol production (up to 180%). Using ClosTron and allelic exchange mutagenesis, which was demonstrated for the first time in an acetogen, we generated single mutants as well as double mutants for both aor and adhE isoforms to confirm the role of each gene. The aor1+2 double knockout strain lost the ability to convert exogenous acetate, propionate and butyrate into the corresponding alcohols, further highlighting the role of these enzymes in catalyzing the thermodynamically unfavourable reduction of carboxylic acids into alcohols.
Barrier Energies in MIM Structures from Photoresponse: Effect of Scattering in the Insulating Film (1972)

Scattering of electrons photoexcited into the insulator conduction band prevents photoresponse from following the Fowler relation in MIM structures. However, barrier energies can be obtained without specific knowledge of the scattering process either by measuring the threshold for photoresponse directly, or by applying sufficiently large voltages across the insulator.
Inhibition of growth of human breast carcinoma cells by an antisense oligonucleotide targeted to the transferrin receptor gene. (2001)

Transferrin receptor expression is controlled by the amount of iron required by the cell to maintain its metabolism and therefore tumor cells in a highly proliferative state have a high density of transferrin receptors. In this study, phosphorothioated antisense TfR oligonucleotides (TfR-ODna) targeted to the sequences of TfR mRNA including the AUG initiation codon and the control sense chain (TfR-ODns) were synthesized. The rate of cellular DNA synthesis was determined by [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Administering TfR-ODna to three morphologically distinct breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, and MDA-MB-231) and a normal breast cell line (MCF-12A) caused specific inhibition of tumor cell growth. The IC50 (50% inhibition of DNA synthesis) of the TfR-ODna for the MCF-7, T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells were 0.5, 0.5, and 1.0 microM, respectively, whereas the MCF-12A normal breast cells were about 30 times (IC50 of 30 microM) less sensitive to TfR-ODna than the breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of the antisense TfR-ODna was 10 to 60 times greater than that of the sense chain (TfR-ODns). TfR mRNA and protein synthesis were demonstrated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Approximately 50% inhibition of the expression of TfR mRNA was observed when breast cancer cells were treated with 1 microM antisense TfR ODNa for 72 hrs but 1 microM antisense only caused 14% inhibition in normal breast cells. The decreased cytotoxicity and inhibition of TfR gene expression when the tumor cells were treated with the same concentration (1 microM) of TfR-ODns demonstrated the specificity of the TfR-ODna for blocking the target TfR gene. The combined cytotoxicities to human breast tumor MCF-7 cells of the antisense TfR-ODna and the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) or the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor hydroxyurea were observed in this study. IC50s (50% inhibition of DNA synthesis) for DFO and hydroxyurea individually were 0.3 microM and 250 microM, respectively. The CalcuSyn program was used to determine the combined effects among the agents and synergism (Combined Indexes (CI) < 1) were found with the following two combinations: TfR-ODna (0.007 microM to 0.15 microM) with DFO (0.15 microM to 5 microM) and TfR-ODna (0.007 microM to 0.15 microM) with hydroxyurea (50 microM to 800 microM). However, inhibition by TfR-ODns was not synergistic with either DFO or hydroxyurea. The synergistic effects on inhibition of DNA synthesis between TfR-ODna and DFO or hydroxyurea suggest that inhibition of breast cancer cell growth by TfR-ODna is produced by depletion of iron pools that are required for DNA synthesis in tumor cells. The fact that TfR-ODna specifically decreases cell viability and proliferation, and reduces TfR mRNA and protein expression in human breast carcinoma cells without affecting normal breast cells, suggests that the antisense oligonucleotide to the transferrin receptor may be a novel therapeutic approach in breast cancer.
Effect of Oxide Thickness Variation in Sub-micron NMOS Transistor (2017)

Aggressive scaling of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices have resulted in the use of ultrathin gate oxides, which in turn enhanced the device performance. This work examines different components of tunnelling electron in scaled n-type MOS (NMOS) with ultrathin gate oxides (1.2-2.0 nm). Direct tunnelling currents are focused on the currents between the gate and the channel region in the substrates. The gate direct tunnelling currents are investigated by theoretical modelling and simulation experiments and their effects on the leakage current from those two approaches are compared. The simulation of this project was carried out using Sentaurus TCAD software. A 90 nm NMOS transistor is simulated to investigate the electron tunnelling phenomenon and its effect on the device performance. The 90 nm NMOS device was designed and characterized using Sentaurus TCAD software. In this project, there are two major simulations done using Sentaurus Process and Sentaurus Device. There are four parameters being investigated, which are is oxide thickness (Tox), threshold voltage (VTH), drain voltage (VD) and gate voltage (VG), to obtained result of drain current (ID) and leakage current (IOFF). The simulations data results are listed in the Inspect tools and used to plot graphs to compare between simulation and calculation results. The electrons start tunnelling at the Tox of 1.4 nm with resulting in large IOFF of 2.45×10-9A at VD of 0.5V. The simulation results are found to be almost identical with the theoretical modelling.
Network Virtualization (Networking Technology) (2006)

Share network resources and reduce costs while providing secure network services to diverse user communities Presents the business drivers for network virtualization and the major challenges facing network designers today Shows how to use virtualization designs with existing applications, such as VoIP and network services, such as quality of service and multicast Provides design alternatives for different real-world deployment scenarios, with configuration examples and case studiesi¾ Today's enterprises have several groups of users with specific needs. The differences between these groups translate into specific network requirements. Within some organizations, these requirements are so dissimilar that the different groups need to be treated as totally separate customers by the enterprise's IT department. As the number of groups increases, keeping them separate and secure is a challenge to IT departments, particularly with the advent of wireless networks, the requirement for enterprise-wide user mobility, and the need for cross group collaboration with resource sharing on a per project basis. Network Virtualization provides design guidance for virtualized enterprise networks and arms network architects with the background necessary to make sound technological choices in the face of different business requirements. As a means of introduction, Network Virtualization lays out the fundamentals of enterprise network design. The book builds upon these fundamental principles to introduce the different virtualization methods as the logical evolution of the enterprise network architecture. Detailed descriptions of the technology, design principles, network configurations, and real-world case studies are provided throughout the book, helping readers develop a pragmatic understanding of virtualized enterprise network architectures. Specific examples are included that tailor deployment advice to the small, medium, and large enterprise environment.
Constrained model predictive control for backing-up tractor-trailer system (2012)

In this paper, Lyapunov theory is used firstly to analyze the motion characteristics of the tractor-trailer system. Then, a novel mixed logical dynamics (MLD) model is proposed to describe the kinematic of the tractor-trailer system. For the resulting MLD model, an extended cost function with quadratic form is addressed, in which the steering angle of the tractor, as well as two errors combining the position and the orientation of the trailer are considered. To minimize the tracking error of the trailer, and smooth the steering angle behavior of the tractor, an equivalent linear quadratic tracking problem is presented. In view of this problem, an explicit model predictive control (MPC) controller is designed, by employing the multi-parametric mixed-integer quadratic programming (mp-MIQP) technique. Finally, the controller performance is evaluated through simulation, and achieves the asymptotical stability, accurate tracking feature and the constraint fulfillment properties, even in the case of the nonsmooth tracking reference path.
Testosterone Supplementation for Hypogonadal Impotence: Assessment of Biochemical Measures and Therapeutic Outcomes (1997)

Testosterone undecanoate is an effective agent for treating hypogonadism. In hypogonadal impotent patients the most appropriate outcome measure for androgen supplementation is individual response to therapy, while conventional biochemical hormone determinations lack predictive value and fail to correlate with response.