gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stardust: Accessible and Transparent GPU Support for Information Visualization Rendering (2017)

Abstract Web‐based visualization libraries are in wide use, but performance bottlenecks occur when rendering, and especially animating, a large number of graphical marks. While GPU‐based rendering can drastically improve performance, that paradigm has a steep learning curve, usually requiring expertise in the computer graphics pipeline and shader programming. In addition, the recent growth of virtual and augmented reality poses a challenge for supporting multiple display environments beyond regular canvases, such as a Head Mounted Display (HMD) and Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE). In this paper, we introduce a new web‐based visualization library called Stardust, which provides a familiar API while leveraging GPU's processing power. Stardust also enables developers to create both 2D and 3D visualizations for diverse display environments using a uniform API. To demonstrate Stardust's expressiveness and portability, we present five example visualizations and a coding playground for four display environments. We also evaluate its performance by comparing it against the standard HTML5 Canvas, D3, and Vega.
Libraries (2012)

The developing role of the library has created a set of new and complex challenges for those delivering library buildings and services. The libraries of the twenty-first century are no longer simply familiar repositories for books. They have changed and expanded, been rethought and redesigned. The library, whether public or academic, is a place to meet, discover, learn and exchange information within welcoming, light and airy surroundings. Libraries come in many shapes and forms. The twenty first century library is typically a building with exciting external public spaces, interesting exterior forms and a more 'market place' interior quality. Typically there is attention paid to urban design as well as building design, to the creation of reading rooms which invite contemplation, reflection and exchange across media types and between readers, and to exhibition, café and bookshop areas. The public library needs to be well connected to civic life and the academic library located at the centre of the college or university.
Tricyclic Covalent Inhibitors Selectively Target Jak3 through an Active Site Thiol (2015)

The action of Janus kinases (JAKs) is required for multiple cytokine signaling pathways, and as such, JAK inhibitors hold promise for treatment of autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis. However, due to high similarity in the active sites of the four members (Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, and Tyk2), developing selective inhibitors within this family is challenging. We have designed and characterized substituted, tricyclic Jak3 inhibitors that selectively avoid inhibition of the other JAKs. This is accomplished through a covalent interaction between an inhibitor containing a terminal electrophile and an active site cysteine (Cys-909). We found that these ATP competitive compounds are irreversible inhibitors of Jak3 enzyme activity in vitro. They possess high selectivity against other kinases and can potently (IC50 < 100 nm) inhibit Jak3 activity in cell-based assays. These results suggest irreversible inhibitors of this class may be useful selective agents, both as tools to probe Jak3 biology and potentially as therapies for autoimmune diseases.
Modification of catheter materials by coating with polymer layers containing silver (1996)

Abstract The surface of polyurethane based catheter material or of silicon wafers as model surfaces were modified by spin coating of solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(vinyl alcohol) in water. For the incorporation of silver ions, silver nitrate was added to some of the solutions or the as‐cast surfaces were dipped into AgNO 3 solution. Furthermore, samples coated with a thin layer of metallic silver were prepared by deposition of silver vapor in vacuum. The as‐prepared surfaces were studied by atomic force microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. During the spin coating of the solutions containing AgNO 3 , clusters of the silver component were formed. They were well dispersed in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix but act as nucleation agents in poly(ethylene oxide) where then large spherulites are formed. The surface compositions of coated samples and the depth profiling were carried out by angle dependent X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
CONSISTENCY OF AO FRACTURE CLASSIFICATION FOR THE DISTAL RADIUS (1996)

We sought to quantify agreement by different assessors of the AO classification for distal fractures of the radius. Thirty radiographs of acute distal radial fractures were evaluated by 36 assessors of varying clinical experience. Our findings suggest that AO 'type' and the presence or absence of articular displacement are measured with high consistency when classification of distal radial fractures is undertaken by experienced observers. Assessors at all experience levels had difficulty agreeing on AO 'group' and especially AO 'subgroup'. To categorize distal radial fractures according to joint displacement and AO type is simple and reproducible. Our study examined only whether distal radial fractures could be consistently classified according to the AO system. Validation of the classification as a predictor of outcome will require a prospective clinical study.
Which DNA polymerases are used for DNA-repair in eukaryotes? (1997)

There are five well-characterized nuclear DNA polymerases in eukaryotes (DNA polymerases alpha, beta, delta, epsilon and zeta) and this short review summarizes our current knowledge concerning the participation of each in DNA-repair. The three major DNA excision-repair pathways involve a DNA synthesis step that replaces altered bases or nucleotides removed during repair. Base excision-repair removes many modified bases and abasic sites, and in mammalian cells this mainly involves DNA polymerase beta. An alternative means for completion of base excision-repair, involving DNA polymerases delta or epsilon, may also operate and be even more important in yeast. Nucleotide excision-repair uses DNA polymerases delta or epsilon to resynthesize the bases removed during repair of pyrimidine dimers and other bulky adducts in DNA. Similarly, mismatch-repair of replication errors appears to involve DNA polymerases delta or epsilon. DNA polymerase alpha is required for semi-conservative replication of DNA but not for repair of DNA. A more recently discovered enzyme, DNA polymerase zeta, appears to be involved in the bypass of damage, without excision, and occurs during DNA replication of a damaged template.
<i>In situ</i>Brillouin Spectroscopy of a Pressure-Induced Apparent Second-Order Transition in a Silicate Glass (2005)

Brillouin scattering measurements of a silicate glass, carried out at high pressures in the diamond anvil cell, show a dramatic increase in the pressure dependence of longitudinal velocity, and a discontinuity in the compressibility of the glass at about 6 GPa. While a first-order phase transition has been documented under pressure within amorphous ice, we demonstrate that an apparent second-order transition to a new, structurally distinct amorphous phase can occur via the abrupt onset of a new compressional mechanism, which may be triggered by a shift in polymerization of the glass or an onset of a change in coordination of silicon, within pressurized amorphous silicates.
Effect of aeration and agitation on the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides in an enthomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces sinclairii (2003)

The critical effects of aeration and agitation in the culture process of P. sinclairii were found, which is widely applicable to other kinds of basidiomycetes or ascomycetes in their submerged culture processes.
Toughening by Fragmentation—How Topology Helps (2001)

In this brief overview, we present recent work on the novel concept of topological interlocking as a means of designing new materials and structures. Starting from a special self-supporting arrangement of tetrahedron-shaped elements that was discovered first, we proceed with the introduction of other shapes exhibiting topological interlocking. Unusual mechanical properties of assemblies of tetrahedrons that were studied both experimentally and theoretically are discussed. Possible applications can range from large scale mortar free construction in civil engineering to novel advanced materials based on microscale interlocking elements.
Notes - Some 4-Substituted Thiourazoles (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Some 4-Substituted ThiourazolesC. Bradsher, Frances Brown, and Sidney WebsterCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 4, 618–619Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1958Publication History Published online28 May 2003Published inissue 1 April 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01098a607https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01098a607research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Upstream Activation and Repression Elements Control Transcription of the Yeast <i>COX5b</i> Gene (1990)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae COX5b gene is regulated at the level of transcription by both the carbon source and oxygen. To define the cis-acting elements that underlie this transcriptional control, deletion analysis of the upstream regulatory region of COX5b was performed. The results of the study suggest that at least four distinct regulatory sites are functional upstream of the COX5b transcriptional starts. One, which was precisely defined to a region of 20 base pairs, contains two TATA-like elements. Two upstream activating sequences (UAS15b and UAS2(5b)) and an upstream repression sequence (URS5b) were also found. Each of the latter three elements was able either to activate (UAS1(5b) and UAS2(5b)) or to repress URS5b) the transcription of a heterologous yeast gene. Further analysis revealed that UAS1(5b) is the site of carbon source control and may be composed of two distinct domains that act synergistically. URS5b mediates the aerobic repression of COX5b and contains two sequences that are highly conserved in other yeast genes negatively regulated by oxygen.
Expression and Regulation of aERD2, a Gene Encoding the KDEL Receptor Homolog in Plants, and Other Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in ER-Golgi Vesicular Trafficking (1995)

Maor Bar-Peled, Alexandre da Silva Conceição, Lorenzo Frigerio, Natasha V. Raikhel, Expression and Regulation of aERD2, a Gene Encoding the KDEL Receptor Homolog in Plants, and Other Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in ER-Golgi Vesicular Trafficking, The Plant Cell, Vol. 7, No. 6 (Jun., 1995), pp. 667-676
Regeneration of tissues of the oral complex: current clinical trends and research advances. (2013)

Regenerative therapy in oral health care is limited by both the body's natural capacity for regeneration and the materials and methods currently available. Research on various aspects of regenerative therapy, such as tissue engineering and stem cell and gene therapy, has produced promising results. Compelling advances, ranging from the discovery and characterization of stem cell populations in oral tissue to the engineering and transplantation of whole tooth structures, could result in exciting new treatment methods for clinicians in the near future. In this review, we discuss the limitations of natural healing and regeneration of various tissues of the oral complex, including teeth, periodontium and salivary glands, and summarize current treatment methods for tissue damage as well as research advances in oral tissue regeneration.
Analysis of EEG Signals and Facial Expressions for Continuous Emotion Detection (2015)

Emotions are time varying affective phenomena that are elicited as a result of stimuli. Videos and movies in particular are made to elicit emotions in their audiences. Detecting the viewers' emotions instantaneously can be used to find the emotional traces of videos. In this paper, we present our approach in instantaneously detecting the emotions of video viewers' emotions from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and facial expressions. A set of emotion inducing videos were shown to participants while their facial expressions and physiological responses were recorded. The expressed valence (negative to positive emotions) in the videos of participants' faces were annotated by five annotators. The stimuli videos were also continuously annotated on valence and arousal dimensions. Long-short-term-memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNN) and continuous conditional random fields (CCRF) were utilized in detecting emotions automatically and continuously. We found the results from facial expressions to be superior to the results from EEG signals. We analyzed the effect of the contamination of facial muscle activities on EEG signals and found that most of the emotionally valuable content in EEG features are as a result of this contamination. However, our statistical analysis showed that EEG signals still carry complementary information in presence of facial expressions.
Electromigration study for multi-scale power/ground vias in TSV-based 3D ICs (2013)

Electromigration (EM) in power distribution network (PDN) is a major reliability issue in 3D ICs. While the EM issues of local vias and through-silicon-vias (TSV) have been studied separately, the interplay of TSVs and conventional local vias in 3D ICs has not been well investigated. This co-design is necessary when the die-to-die vertical power delivery is done using both TSVs and local interconnects. In this work, we model EM for PDN of 3D ICs with a focus on multi-scale via structure, i.e., TSVs and local vias used together for vertical power delivery. We study the impact of structure, material, and pre-existing void conditions on EM-related lifetime of our multi-scale via structures. Experimental results demonstrate that our EM modeling can effectively capture the EM reliability of the entire multi-scale via in 3D PDN, which can be hard to achieve by the traditional EM analysis based on the individual local via or TSV.
Preparation and characterization of microporous metal oxides (1993)

The reliable preparation of microporous membranes capable of molecular‐size exclusion requires the availability of stable microporous and uniform inorganic oxides with a monomodal and narrow pore‐size distribution and a pore diameter maximum below 1 nm. A new method of pore‐size analysis is presented and the optimization of the sol‐gel process used to produce the microporous oxides discussed.
On Similarity Coefficients for 2×2 Tables and Correction for Chance (2008)

This paper studies correction for chance in coefficients that are linear functions of the observed proportion of agreement. The paper unifies and extends various results on correction for chance in the literature. A specific class of coefficients is used to illustrate the results derived in this paper. Coefficients in this class, e.g. the simple matching coefficient and the Dice/Sørenson coefficient, become equivalent after correction for chance, irrespective of what expectation is used. The coefficients become either Cohen's kappa, Scott's pi, Mak's rho, Goodman and Kruskal's lambda, or Hamann's eta, depending on what expectation is considered appropriate. Both a multicategorical generalization and a multivariate generalization are discussed.
Effect of Grain Size on the Crystal Structure of Cobalt (1954)

The paper gives an account of measurements made on the lattice parameter of cobalt when the material contained crystal grains of different sizes as found in fine dust, filings and annealed solid rod. The stable structure of cobalt was found to depend upon the grain size: between room temperature and about 450°c when the grain size is very small, as in cobalt sponge, the stable structure is face-centred cubic; when the grain size is larger, as in a solid rod, the stable structure is close-packed hexagonal; when there is a range of grain size, as in fine filings a mixture of these two structures is observed. At temperatures above 450°c cobalt sponge is still face-centred cubic, and the filings and rod also now show face-centred cubic structure with the same lattice parameter (3.5370kx at 18°c). The lattice constants of the hexagonal close-packed structure at 18°c are: a = 2.5003kx, c/a = 1.6322.
Dropwindsonde Instrumentation for Weather Reconnaissance Aircraft (1975)

A windfinding dropsonde instrumentation system is described, with examples of its operational use in the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment conducted during the summer of 1974. Deployed from an aircraft flying typically at ∼10 km altitude, the dropsonde transmits vertical profiles of horizontal wind, pressure, temperature and humidity while descending on a parachute at ∼5 m s−1. The temperature sensor in the dropsonde is a 95-mil bead thermistor, the humidity sensor a standard carbon strip hygristor, and the pressure sensor an improved aneroid cell. Winds are determined by tracking the sonde using the 13.6 kHz Omega navigation signals received by an Omega receiver and retransmitted over a telemetry link. The telemetered data from a dropsonde are received, and recorded on-board the aircraft, using a computerized system configured to permit processing of two sondes descending simultaneously (one operating on 404.5 MHz, the other on 405.5 MHz).
On the effects of varying filter bank parameters on isolated word recognition (1982)

The vast majority of commercially available isolated word recognizers use a filter bank analysis as the front end processing for recognition. It is not well understood how the parameters of different filter banks (e.g., number of filters, types of filters, filter spacing, etc.) affect recognizer performance. In this talk we present results of performance evaluation of several types of filter bank analyzer in a speaker trained, isolated word recognition test using dialed-up telephone line recordings. We have studied both DFT (discrete Fourier transform) and direct form implementations of the filter banks. We have also considered uniform and nonuniform filter spacings. The results indicate that the best performance (highest word accuracy) is obtained by both a 15-channel uniform filter bank and a 13-channel nonuniform filter bank (with channels spaced along a critical band scale). In comparison to a conventional linear predictive coding (LPC) word recognizer, the performance of the best filter bank recognizers was, on average, several percent worse than that of an eighth order LPC-based recognizer.
Direct synthesis of oxygen-15 labelled water at high specific activities (1978)

Oxygen-15 labelled water has been prepared at high specific activities (> 100 mCi/ml) by nuclear recoil techniques available for use after 1 min from EOB. Radiogenic oxygen-15 atoms generated in a cyclotron by the 14N(d, n)15O reaction, are allowed to react directly with molecular hydrogen in the gas phase to produce labelled “carrier-free” H215O which can be used for biomedical purposes.
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Differs Genetically From Classical Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosed After the Age of 35 Years (2010)

LADA patients differed genetically and phenotypically from both T1D(>35y) and type 2 diabetic patients in a manner dependent on GADA levels.
Safety of fluoroquinolones in paediatrics (2002)

In the last few years, there has been increasing pressure to use fluoroquinolones in paediatric patients, since these antibiotics offer the advantage of an oral treatment regimen on an out-patient basis. However, even although this class of antibiotics generally remains well-tolerated, the restriction of fluoroquinolone use in children on a compassionate basis, which derives from their potential to cause cartilage toxicity, limits the safety data in this population and suggests a cautious use. This review reports the data of the literature on the safety of fluoroquinolones in different districts, focusing on the side effects in children and drug interactions. Moreover, data available in the literature with regards to side effects in children are reported, with particular attention to their potential in arthropathy.
Understanding and controlling software costs (1988)

A discussion is presented of the two primary ways of understanding software costs. The black-box or influence-function approach provides useful experimental and observational insights on the relative software productivity and quality leverage of various management, technical, environmental, and personnel options. The glass-box or cost distribution approach helps identify strategies for integrated software productivity and quality improvement programs using such structures as the value chain and the software productivity opportunity tree. The individual strategies for improving software productivity are identified. Issues related to software costs and controlling them are examined and discussed. It is pointed out that a good framework of techniques exists for controlling software budgets, schedules, and work completed, but that a great deal of further progress is needed to provide an overall set of planning and control techniques covering software product qualities and end-user system objectives.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>