gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunologic Studies of Pancreas-Specific Isoantigens (1964)

Summary Rhesus monkeys immunized with pooled Rhesus monkey pancreas extract and Freund's complete adjuvant developed pancreas-specific isoantibodies, and the electrophoretic mobility of the isoantigens is similar to that described in rabbits. Passive transfer of antiserum or immune lymph node and spleen cells to recipients whose pancreas possessed the necessary isoantigens produced no histologic changes or functional alterations of the recipient's pancreas. Autoimmunization of rabbits with their own pancreas incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant failed to elicit auto- or isoantibodies and the pancreas of these immunized animals were normal grossly and histologically. Immunofluorescent studies showed the rabbit pancreas isoantigens to be located in the cytoplasm of the apex of the acinar cells. The pancreas isoantigens of both rabbits and Rhesus monkeys were detected in pancreatic secretions.
만성 알콜성 간질환을 치자후박탕(梔子厚朴湯)으로 치료한 1례에 대한 임상보고 (2011)

Objective : This research is to prove the effectiveness of Zhizihoupo Tang(梔子厚朴湯) in curing chronic alcoholic liver disease
Method : to achieve the goal of this research, we gave Zhizihoupo Tang(梔子厚朴湯) to the selected patients and observed the progress
Results : the results indicate the followings
1. After the treatment with Zhizihoupo Tang(梔子厚朴湯), the symptoms of chronic alcoholic liver disease was significantly improved.
2. Fructus Gardeniae have positive medical effects on chronic alcoholic liver disease.
Conclusions : Yellow discoloration have a medical relationship with the symptoms of chronic alcoholic liver disease.
Simple picosecond pulse generation scheme for injection lasers (1980)

A simple scheme is reported for generating picosecond optical pulses from injection lasers based on short electrical pulse excitation. An integrated step recovery diode impulse-train generator (‘comb’ generator) which gives 50 ps 25 V electrical pulses at 200 to 500 MHz rates is used to drive the injection lasers. Optical pulses as short as 40 ps are generated by the corresponding electrical drive pulses.
Calculation of valve damping circuit losses in 12-pulse HVDC convertors (1992)

An analytical method is presented for the calculation of valve damping circuit losses of a 12-pulse HVDC convertor, taking the effects of inductive coupling into account. The extra commutation notches introduced to the valve voltage waveform are expressed in terms of a notch factor, and a general equation for the valve damping circuit loss is derived. The equation is divided into two parts so that the effects of valve stray capacitance and multiple valve grading circuits can be accommodated in a logical manner. An additional component of loss arising from the thyristor stored change phenomenon is also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Model of a switching oxide trap in amorphous silicon dioxide (2001)

We present a model of a switching oxide trap in amorphous silicon dioxide on the basis of quantum chemical calculations on clusters of atoms. We show that the positively-charged defect center proposed in previous papers [Uchino et al., Phys. Rev. B 62, 2983 (2000); Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5522 (2001)] can capture an electron without accompanying complex atomic rearrangements, forming a metastable hole-electron pair that can in turn emit an electron. The present model also gives a reasonable account for the cathodoluminescence and thermally stimulated luminescence emissions at 445 nm from amorphous silicon dioxide.
Effects of Plant Density and Number of Shoots on Yield and Fruit Characteristics of Peppers Grown in Glasshouses (2003)

Plant density and pruning systems play a key role in the effective use of the area inside the greenhouse. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars, Amazon-long green and Balo bell-shape type, were grown in the winter cultivation period in a glasshouse. A constant space of 80 cm between rows with different within-row spacings (45 cm, 30 cm and 15 cm) and shoot numbers (between one and four shoots per plant) were applied to optimize plant density and number of shoots. Wider within-row spacing and higher shoot numbers per plant increased the number of leaves. However, the individual leaf blade area was higher for narrower within-row spacings with fewer shoots. While higher plant densities with a greater number of shoots reduced photosynthetically active radiation, they increased the leaf area index at fruiting level. In order to obtain high yields an assumption of 80 x 15 cm with two shoots per plant is suggested for peppers. When expensive seed is used then a 80 x 30 cm spacing with three shoots per plant might be more economical. Plant density and the number of shoots did not affect fruit quality characteristics, such as fruit weight, length, diameter, volume, dry matter, total soluble solids and the pH of the flesh in either cultivar.
Pharmacological characterization of the cardiovascular responses elicited by kinin B<sub>1</sub> and B<sub>2</sub> receptor agonists in the spinal cord of streptozotocin‐diabetic rats (2000)

Kinin receptor agonists and antagonists at the B(1) and B(2) receptors were injected intrathecally (i.t., at T-9 spinal cord level) to conscious unrestrained rats and their effects on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were compared in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats (65 mg kg(-1) STZ, i.p. 3 weeks earlier) and aged-matched control rats. The B(1) receptor agonist, des-Arg(9)-Bradykinin (BK) (3.2 - 32.5 nmol), evoked dose-dependent increases in MAP and tachycardia during the first 10 min post-injection in STZ-diabetic rats only. The cardiovascular response to 6.5 nmol des-Arg(9)-BK was reversibly blocked by the prior i.t. injection of antagonists for the B(1) receptor ([des-Arg(10)]-Hoe 140, 650 pmol or [Leu(8)]-des-Arg(9)-BK, 65 nmol) and B(2) receptor (Hoe 140, 81 pmol or FR173657, 81 pmol) or by indomethacin (5 mg kg(-1), i.a.). The i.t. injection of BK (8.1 - 810 pmol) induced dose-dependent increases in MAP which were accompanied either by tachycardiac (STZ-diabetic rats) or bradycardiac (control rats) responses. The pressor response to BK was significantly greater in STZ-diabetic rats. The cardiovascular response to 81 pmol BK was reversibly blocked by 81 pmol Hoe 140 or 81 pmol FR173657 but not by B(1) receptor antagonists nor by indomethacin in STZ-diabetic rats. The data suggest that the activation of kinin B(1) receptor in the spinal cord of STZ-diabetic rats leads to cardiovascular changes through a prostaglandin mediated mechanism. Thus, this study affords an accessible model for studying the expression, the pharmacology and physiopathology of the B(1) receptor in the central nervous system.
110 km transmission of 160 Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK signals by midspan polarization-insensitive optical phase conjugation in a Ti:PPLN waveguide (2010)

We demonstrate 160 Gbit/s return-to-zero (RZ) differential quarternary phase-shift keying (DQPSK) signal transmission over a 110 km single-mode fiber by taking advantage of mid-span optical phase conjugation (OPC). The technique is based on nonlinear wavelength conversion by cascaded second harmonic and difference frequency generation in a Ti:PPLN waveguide. Error-free operation with a negligible optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty for the signal after the OPC transmission without and with polarization scrambling was achieved. The results also show the polarization insensitivity of the OPC system using a polarization diversity scheme.
Anestesia regional intravenosa primeiro centenário (1908-2008): Início, desenvolvimento e estado atual (2008)

Intravenous regional block is the anesthetic technique created by A. K. G Bier exactly 100 years ago. In the first half of the 20th Centuty, it evolved little and slowly, but in the last several years, it has seen an accentuated improvement, thanks to countless technical, pathophysiological, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and clinical developments, for which Brazilian Anesthesiology has contributed considerably. Since it is celebrating its 100th anniversary in 2008, intravenous regional block deserves to have its story told, and the date should not go unnoticed, but should be remembered and celebrated.
Simulation of the dynamics of twisted nematic devices including flow (1999)

We have modeled the switching behavior of a twisted nematic cell using the one-dimensional Ericksen–Leslie equations of nematodynamics. We compare the modeling results with experimental data on transmission versus time. Excellent agreement between experiment and model is achieved at all voltages and viewing angles. To achieve this agreement, only two viscosity parameters are required; these are combinations of the Leslie viscosity coefficients, namely, α3−α2 (the rotational viscosity) and α4+α5. A fast and stable adaptive numerical algorithm, based on an effective viscosity parameter, is developed for solving the equations of motion. The viscosity parameters obtained from fitting the flow experiments are in good agreement with those obtained from dynamic light-scattering measurements.
Fundamentals of Materials for Energy and Environmental Sustainability (2011)

How will we meet rising energy demands? What are our options? Are there viable long-term solutions for the future? Learn the fundamental physical, chemical and materials science at the heart of renewable/non-renewable energy sources, future transportation systems, energy efficiency and energy storage. Whether you are a student taking an energy course or a newcomer to the field, this textbook will help you understand critical relationships between the environment, energy and sustainability. Leading experts provide comprehensive coverage of each topic, bringing together diverse subject matter by integrating theory with engaging insights. Each chapter includes helpful features to aid understanding, including a historical overview to provide context, suggested further reading and questions for discussion. Every subject is beautifully illustrated and brought to life with full color images and color-coded sections for easy browsing, making this a complete educational package. Fundamentals of Materials for Energy and Environmental Sustainability will enable today's scientists and educate future generations.
Intracellular Free Amino Acids in Muscle Tissue of Patients with Chronic Uraemia: Effect of Peritoneal Dialysis and Infusion of Essential Amino Acids (1978)

1. Free amino acids were determined in the plasma and in the muscle tissue of 14 patients with chronic uraemia; eight were not on dialysis and six were having regular peritoneal dialysis. The concentration of each amino acid in muscle water was calculated with the chloride method. 2. In both groups of patients there were low intracellular concentrations of threonine, valine, tyrosine and carnosine, and high glycine/valine and phenylalanine/tyrosine ratios. Both groups of patients had increased amounts of 1- and 3-methylhistidine in plasma and in muscle water. 3. The non-dialysed patients had low intracellular concentrations of lysine, and the dialysed patients had high intracellular concentrations of lysine, isoleucine, leucine and of some of the non-essential amino acids. 4. After peritoneal dialysis for 22 h, the plasma concentration of several amino acids decreased but the intracellular concentrations of most amino acids did not change significantly. 5. Intravenous administration of essential amino acids and histidine during the last 4 h of dialysis increased in muscle the total free amino acids, the ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids and the valine and phenylalanine concentrations. 6. The results demonstrated that the plasma and muscle concentrations of several amino acids are grossly abnormal in chronic uraemia. Non-dialysed and dialysed patients exhibit important differences, especially in the intracellular amino acid patterns. Infusion of essential amino acids may result in enhancement of protein synthesis.
Using evolutionary Expectation Maximization to estimate indel rates (2005)

Software implementing the algorithm and the benchmark is available under GPL from http://www.biowiki.org/
Sequential comparison of two treatments in clinical trials:a decision theoretic approach based on randomized play-the-winner rule (1997)

In the context of comparing two treatments in clinical trials randomized play-the-winner rule is used with the goal of treating more patients by the better treatment On its basis we give two decision rules by introducing stopping rule Some performance characteristics of one of the decision rules are discussed and examined .A minimax rule is suggested Finally some exact and asymptotic properties of the decision rule is derived
Hyaluronic Acid Graft Polymers Displaying Peptide Antigen Modulate Dendritic Cell Response in Vitro (2013)

A novel oxime grafting scheme was utilized to conjugate an ICAM-1 ligand (LABL), a cellular antigen ovalbumin (OVA), or both peptides simultaneously to hyaluronic acid (HA). Samples of HA only and the various peptide grafted HA were found to bind to dendritic cells (DCs). HA with grafted LABL and OVA showed the greatest binding to DCs. Dendritic cells treated with HA, HA with grafted LABL, or HA with grafted LABL and OVA significantly suppressed T cell and DC conjugate formation and T cell proliferation and reduced proinflammatory cytokine production compared to untreated cells. These results suggest that HA serves as an effective backbone for multivalent ligand presentation for inhibiting T cell response to antigen presentation. In addition, multivalent display of both antigen and an ICAM-1 inhibitor (LABL) may enhance binding to DCs and could potentially disrupt cellular signaling leading to autoimmunity.
Temperature Changes in Thin Films during Growth by Physical Vapor Deposition. II. Experimental (1971)

Empirical confirmation of a theory of temperature changes in thin films during growth has been obtained by measurement of the radiant heat flux at the substrate by calorimetry, of the evaporant flux with a quartz crystal monitor, and of the film temperature per se with a Ag–Bi thin-film thermocouple. In particular, it is shown that the degree of substrate bonding to an isothermal reservoir plays a very important role in determining film temperature. A transition temperature exists below which radiant losses from the source are the predominant supply of heat and above which impingement and condensation of the evaporant provide the greatest supply of heat.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa andBurkholderia cepacia infection in cystic fibrosis patients treated in Toronto and Copenhagen (1998)

Differences in the course of pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) may be altered by different treatment strategies in different CF centers. The Copenhagen clinic uses scheduled, regular and very aggressive treatment of lung infection. The Toronto clinic treats pulmonary infection with oral, inhaled, or intravenous antibiotics, and has emphasized aggressive nutritional therapy. This study compared the clinical status of CF patients treated in the two centers (Toronto, Canada, n=302, and Copenhagen, Denmark, n=214) using a cross-sectional design in terms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Burkholderia cepacia (BC) lung infections, pulmonary function, and levels of PA and BC precipitating antibodies (precipitins). Median ages were similar, but the age distribution was significantly different, with a higher proportion of patients under 10 and > or = 25 years in Toronto, and higher proportion of patients 11-24 years of age in Copenhagen. A higher number of female patients was observed in Copenhagen than in Toronto. Seventy-nine percent of Copenhagen patients, and 52% of Toronto patients were deltaF508 homozygous. Of all the patients, 20.1% of Copenhagen patients and 38% of Toronto patients were deltaF508 heterozygous. Ten percent of Toronto patients had two uncommon mutations. Pulmonary function and nutritional status in both groups were similar despite varying treatment strategies. The prevalence of PA was lower in Danish children and higher in Danish adults than in Canada. These differences are probably due to cohort isolation, which was introduced in Copenhagen in 1981. The prevalence of BC was higher in Toronto than in Copenhagen patients at all ages. In both centers, the number of PA and BC precipitins increased with age in patients chronically infected with PA and BC, respectively, and the number of both PA and BC precipitins rose with declining lung function. This study suggests that the clinic populations had similar pulmonary and nutritional statuses despite differing clinic antibiotic treatment strategies. Microbial colonization seemed to differ, at least in part, because of differences in cohort isolation strategies. Early, aggressive anti-pseudomonal chemotherapy may have reduced pseudomonal colonization among younger patients in Copenhagen. Future studies will be required to assess the impact of this on this cohort's outcome.
A SENSITIVE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CARBOXYHAEMOGLOBIN IN A FINGER PRICK SAMPLE OF BLOOD (1965)

About 0·01 ml. of blood taken from a finger prick is dissolved in 10 ml. of 0·04% ammonia solution. The solution is divided into two halves, and oxygen is bubbled through one half to convert any carboxyhaemoglobin into oxyhaemoglobin. The spectra of the two halves are then compared in a spectrophotometer, and the difference between them is used to estimate the carboxyhaemoglobin content of the blood either graphically or by calculation from a simple formula. Calibration is simple and need only be done once. A sample of blood can be analysed in about 20 minutes, which includes the time to collect the sample. The method is sensitive enough to be used for the analysis of solutions of blood containing less than 1% carboxyhaemoglobin.
Cultivation Path of "Four Matters of Confidence" of Agricultural and Forestry College Students—A Case Study of Northwest A&F University (2018)

"Four matters of confidence" are the core and ideal foundation of socialist construction. Taking Northwest A&F University as an example, this paper analyzes and explores the cultivation path of "four matters of confidence" around the education problem of "four matters of confidence" of agricultural and forestry college students, in order to improve the value identity and belief of "four matters of confidence" among college students of agriculture and forestry.
Identification of plasma induced damage conditions in VLSI designs (2003)

Typically, the plasma charging effect is investigated by using antenna test structures that do not replicate conditions occurring in real VLSI ICs well enough. Consequently, understanding, modelling and detection of plasma charging induced gate oxide damage in real ICs is often inadequate. This paper discusses a new plasma charging monitoring technique that assesses the extent of this problem. This technique employs a multiplexed antenna monitoring (MAM) test structure with more than 400 antenna configurations in order to determine the dependency between IC layout and the extent of gate oxide damage. The paper reports the results of application of this technique to a 0.35 /spl mu/m, 75 /spl Aring/ gate oxide CMOS technology. The obtained results lead to a new definition of "antenna ratio" which is proposed to capture plasma charging conditions in real VLSI devices.
Gate delay modeling with multiple input switching for static (statistical) timing analysis (2006)

With increase in operating frequency of modern VLSI designs and increase in process variations relative to the nominal process parameters, the chances of multiple input switching have increased. The traditional method of static timing analysis assuming single input switching is no longer adequate enough to capture gate level delays. We propose a new method of systematically modeling gate delays using the high dimensional model representation (HDMR) model. The proposed method models gate delays with respect to the relative signal arrival times (RSAT) of its inputs. The resulting gate delay models can be used for gate-level static timing analysis. The systematic nature of the proposed algorithm allows gate delay characterization with multiple input switching of up to 5 inputs to be reported for the first time. The proposed model is extended to allow the input signal slope and process variations to be taken into account for statistical static timing analysis. Our results show that the proposed HDMR model gives an error between 2.2% to 9.3% compared to SPICE results depending on the number of inputs involved in switching.
Tissue-Specific and Genetic Regulation of Insulin Sensitivity-Associated Transcripts in African Americans (2016)

Integrative multiomics analyses of adipose and muscle tissue transcripts, S, and genotypes revealed novel genetic regulatory mechanisms of insulin resistance in African Americans.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY DIVISION, UNIT OPERATIONS SECTION MONTHLY PROGRESS REPORT FOR FEBRUARY 1959 (1959)

A gamma scintillation spectrometer was used to measure diffusivity of uranyl nitrate in water during preliminary capillary experiments. During Fluorox run FBR-22, 90.4% of the theoretical amount of UF/sub 6/ formed was collected in cold traps and chemical traps. Toroid tests of flame calcined mixed Th-U oxide showed low corrosion rates, small changes in particle size and a low solubilization of uranium, while denitration of uranyl nitrate in a fluidized bed resulted in particle growth with uniform layers of uranium oxide. A half-time of 30 min for uranium anion exchange was measured in differential bed studies of uranium sorption on Dowex 21K. The Darex Reference flowsheet operation resulted in chloride removal to less than 50 ppm in solvent extraction feed from APPR head- end treatment. Unirradiated prototype Consolidated Edison pins were dejacketed with 6 M H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ with uranium losses to the dejacketing solution of approximately 0.2%. An optimum procedure was developed for clarifying large batches of solvent extraction feed by sand bed filtration. Sheared sections of stainless steel clad UO/sub 2/ were completely leached in onehalf the time required for equal lengths of stainless tubes containing uncrushed pellets. Abrasive disc wheel to metal removal ratios were measured at cutting rates from 10 to 60 in./min. Dissolution of Zircaloy-2 dummy fuel elements in an INOR-8 dissolver with the NaF-LiF salt system resulted in vessel wall corrosion rates of 1-2 mils/run (approximately 8 hr of HF exposure). At a heat generation rate of 60 Btu/hr/gal of solid wastes, the maximum temperature rise in a 0.75 ft radius infinite cylinder (k = 0.1 Btu/hr sq ft ction prod- F) was 1270 ction prod- F in soil, 1150 ction prod- F in rock, and 1020 ction prod- F in salt. (For preceding period see CF-59-1-74.) (auth)
GRAPHITE PRODUCTION UTILIZING URANYL NITRATE HEXAHYDRATE CATALYST (1964)

The sudden outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, later named SARS-CoV-2) rapidly turned into an unprecedented pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This global healthcare emergency marked the third occurrence of a deadly coronavirus (CoV) into the human society after entering the new millennium, which overwhelmed the worldwide healthcare system and affected the global economy. However, therapeutic options for COVID-19 are still very limited. Developing drugs targeting vital proteins in viral life cycle is a feasible approach to overcome this dilemma. Main protease (M<sup>pro</sup>) plays a dominant role in processing CoV-encoded polyproteins which mediate the assembly of replication-transcription machinery and is thus recognized as an ideal antiviral target. Here we summarize the recent progress in the discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents against M<sup>pro</sup>. Combining structural study, virtual screen, and experimental screen, numerous therapeutic candidates including repurposed drugs and <i>ab initio</i> designed compounds have been proposed. Such collaborative effort from the scientific community would accelerate the pace of developing efficacious treatment for COVID-19.