gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secondary electron imaging of embedded defects in carbon nanofiber via interconnects (2008)

Carbon nanofiber (CNF) via interconnect test structures are fabricated with the bottom-up process proposed by Li et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2491 (2003)] for next-generation integrated circuit technology. Critical defects in the interconnect structure are examined using scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that secondary electron signal with optimized incident beam energy is useful for detecting embedded defects, including unexposed CNF plugs and voids in the dielectric layer. The defect imaging mechanisms are elucidated based on beam-induced charging of the specimen surface.
Hot-electron trapping activation energy in PMOSFET's under mechanical stress (1994)

Mechanical stress-induced change in hot-electron trapping activation energy (E/sub a/) was observed in PMOSFET's for the first time. E/sub a/ was found to continuously decrease from 80 meV to 44 meV under compressive mechanical stress (/spl verbar//spl sigma//spl verbar/<100 MPa). From the detrapping behavior after hot-electron injection, E/sub a/ is determined by an Arrhenius plot. The new finding thus indicates that the Si-H or Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface dangling bonds are distorted by mechanical stress, resulting in E/sub a/ lowering.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structural Evolution of B-MCM-36 and B-ITQ-2 from B-MCM-22 (2006)

MCM-22 is a MWW type zeolite, which is made of 10membered sinusoidal channels and 12-membered supercages, which are positioned next to each other independently in a three dimensional arrangement. This combination of large and medium pores was reported to be of great advantage in a variety of catalytic applications in petrochemical industry. Recently, several studies have been reported on isomorphous substitution of Al in MCM-22 with B, Fe, and Ga. Among these, we have been particularly interested in B-MCM-22 which can be used as a starting material for Ticontaining MCM-22, better known as Ti-MWW. Ti-MWW demonstrated superior catalytic performances in selected liquid phase epoxidation reactions using H2O2 as an oxidant to that of the best known commercial catalyst, TS-1 (titanium silicalite-1). Direct isomorphous substitution of Ti for Si in MCM-22 structure is not possible and the MWW-type titanosilicate needs to be prepared using boric acid as structure-supporting agent by direct hydrothermal synthesis method. B-MCM22, in this regard, is very useful because it can be prepared in alkali-free synthesis condition and possesses negligible acidity. Ti-MWW can also be prepared from a B-MCM-22 precursor via acid leaching of B species followed by postsynthetic T
Drying of Solids (1986)

International contributors give wide coverage of the latest developments in the theory and practice of the drying of solids. Drying is one of the most common and energy-intensive operations in industry, and the cost is determined by the desired level of product moisture and the unit operation of nonthermal dewatering--hence the commissioned article on a new dewatering technique. Articles are balanced between theory and applications and practicing engineers should find a wealth of useful information. Topics covered include drying theory and modelling, drying of granular solids, drying of sheets, drying of foodstuffs, drying of agricultural products, solar drying, and drying of slurries.
Screening of Novel Active Salicylic Acid Analogs and Identification of a Bacterial Effector Targeting Key Proteins Involved in Salicylic Acid-Mediated Defense (2018)

The master regulator of salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant defense, NPR1 (NONEXPRESSER OF PR GENES 1), and its paralogs NPR3 and NPR4 act as SA receptors. After the perception of a pathogen, plant cells produce SA in the chloroplast. In the presence of SA, NPR1 protein is reduced from oligomers to monomers, and translocated into the nucleus. There, NPR1 binds to TGA and WRKY transcription factors to induce expression of plant defense genes. EDS1 and PBS3 are two key proteins involved in SA biosynthesis. Previous research has shown that several plant pathogens produce SA hydroxylases. These pathogen-produced hydroxylases act to degrade SA, preventing their host plant’s cells from perceiving this important defense signal, rendering the host susceptible to infection. Additionally, bacterial pathogens deliver effectors into their host’s cells via the type three secretion system. These effectors target key defense proteins to subvert plant defense. Using a computational approach, a list of salicylic acid analogs has been created. Several of these analogs can induce SA- mediated defense and inhibit bacterial growth in Arabidopsis. These analogs, when sprayed on Arabidopsis, can induce the accumulation of the master regulator of plant defense NPR1. In a yeast two-hybrid system, these analogs can strengthen the interactions between NPR proteins. I demonstrate that these analogs can induce the expression of the defense marker gene PR1 and induce PR1’s accumulation. I hope to test in future assays whether these analogs avoid degradation by pathogenic SA hydroxylases. Additionally, I demonstrate that a bacterial effector secreted by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, HopAA1-2, interacts with EDS1 and PBS3, causing a reduction in the amount of these two proteins when transiently expressed in tobacco. This interaction may be an attempt to subvert SA-mediated defense.
Distributed staff directory system for a campus (2002)

One of the common information services required in a campus environment is online directory services such as phone directory. This paper discusses the implementation of such a directory service. Besides being an online phone directory, this system also provides additional staff information such as staff photographs and their academic interests. This Staff Directory is built to supplement other applications such as NTU Helpdesk, Electronic Mail and Staff Administration applications. In order to meet this object, the Staff Directory needs to be built based on a client-server model in a heterogeneous environment. MS-Windows 3.1 has been chosen as the common GUI platform for integrating the various campus information services. For the Staff Directory, the client development tools used include Asymmetrix's ToolBook and Borland's Turbo C++. The server is based on a Vaxstation 4000 running VMS. The server development tools used include VAX C, and the DDS (Distributed File System) file system. DDS was chosen because it was already in use by the campus-wide electronic mail application in NTU. For communications between the client and the server, DECmessageQ for MS-DOS and VMS are used. DECmessageQ was chosen because it can work in a multivendor environment and has advanced features such as message recovery services and selective broadcast services. More importantly, with a simple set of only 12 calls, it simplifies and expedites the development of interprocess communications by hiding the complexities of underlying network protocols such as DECnet, TCP/IP, SNA and etc.
Spectral response of multi-element silicon X-ray detectors (1998)

An X-ray spectrometer combining multi-element silicon detectors and multi-channel integrated circuit pulse-processing electronics is being developed for low noise, high count rate synchrotron X-ray fluorescence applications. This paper reports on the issues surrounding the use of highly segmented silicon detectors for X-ray spectroscopy. Several different detector geometries were modeled using commercially available device simulation software, and selected geometries were fabricated using planar processing techniques on high resistivity silicon. The detectors were characterized using a 5 /spl mu/m diameter 8.5 keV X-ray beam, and /sup 55/Fe and /sup 109/Cd radioisotope sources. Spectral background, anomalous peaks, peak-to-background and charge sharing between adjacent detector elements were studied. The measured X-ray spectral responses are interpreted with respect to the device simulations. These measurements bring to light the effects of detector design, detector processing techniques and detector materials properties on the spectral response of the detector.
Age and psychological influences on immune responses to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in the meditation or exercise for preventing acute respiratory infection (MEPARI) trial (2013)

Healthy individuals≥50 y were randomly assigned to exercise (n=47) or MBSR (n=51) training or a waitlist control condition (n=51). Each participant received trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine after 6 weeks, and had blood draws prior to and 3 and 12 weeks after immunization. Serum influenza antibody, nasal immunoglobulin A, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell interferon-γ (IFNγ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations were measured. Measures of optimism, perceived stress, and anxiety were obtained over the course of the study. Seroprotection was defined as an influenza antibody concentration≥160 units. Vaccine responses were compared using ANOVA, t tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The correlation between vaccine responses and age was examined with the Pearson test.
Thrombocytopenia and prognosis in intensive care (2000)

Thrombocytopenia is common in ICUs and constitutes a simple and readily available risk marker for mortality, independent of and complementary to established severity of disease indices. Both a low nadir platelet count and a large fall of platelet count predict a poor vital outcome in adult ICU patients.
Field emission microscopy of carbon nanotube caps (1999)

We report field emission microscopy images from single walled carbon nanotubes showing resolvable fine structure with five- and six-fold symmetry. We present evidence indicating that these images have atomic resolution and that they depict the electronic structure of individual nanotube caps under high-field conditions. Fine structure is observed only after removal of surface adsorbates. Prior to adsorbate removal, these images show symmetrical lobed patterns and several other behaviors characteristic of chemisorbed resonant tunneling states.
Metabolism of <i>N</i>τ-methylhistidine by mice (1985)

Mice and rats were injected with tracer doses of radioactive N tau-[Me-14C]methylhistidine in order to determine the recovery of the injected radioactivity and the extent of the metabolism of N tau-methylhistidine. In the first 27 h after injection, 96.3, 78.0 and 97.5% of radioactivity was excreted by female mice, male mice and male rats respectively. Recovery after 5 days of collection was 98.4 and 92.8% for female and male mice respectively. However, radioactivity associated with N tau-methylhistidine or its acetylated derivative accounted for 44, 86.5 and 96.0% of the excreted radioactivity for female mice, male mice and rats respectively. In female mice the remaining excreted radioactivity was associated with four major peaks of activity when the metabolites were separated by cation-exchange chromatography. In male mice there were only three of these metabolites present. After chromatographic purification, one metabolite was identified by mass spectroscopy to be 1-methylimidazole-4-acetic acid. Examination of the possible sources of this metabolite indicates that, in mice, N tau-methylhistidine is decarboxylated and enters the chain of reactions common to histamine metabolism. Such extensive metabolism precludes the use of N tau-methylhistidine excretion as an index of myofibrillar protein breakdown in mice.
MSM photodetector fabricated on polycrystalline silicon (1999)

Interdigitated metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors were fabricated by depositing metal contacts on top of a 2-μm-thick layer of polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon). These detectors have a -3-dB bandwidth of 750 MHz and a responsivity of 0.13 A/W at 860 nm. The bandwidth is more than twice that reported for conventional silicon MSM photodetectors as a result of the thin absorbing layer made possible by the higher optical absorption of polysilicon. A simple fabrication process that is compatible with standard VLSI processes, together with good performance characteristics, make this an ideal detector for integrated optoelectronic receivers for use in short distance, parallel optical data links.
kHz repetition Satellite Laser Ranging system with high precision and measuring results (2011)

kHz repetition Satellite Laser Ranging (kHz SLR) with the advantages of fast target acquisition,large amount of returns,high measuring accuracy and high normal point data density,has become the trend of international laser ranging technology.For kHz Satellite Laser Ranging system,using kHz repetition laser with picosecond's pulse-width and high-precision Event Timer,designing nanosecond accuracy of Range Gate Generator with event mode and back-scattering avoiding circuit,developing real-time control software and data pre-processing software,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (CAS) has established the kHz repetition laser ranging system with the ability to track routinely the LEO/HEO satellites at nighttime and daylight laser ranging for LEO satellites at the precision of 7-12 mm and become the first station to range to GEO satellite with kHz repetition rate laser.By comparing with low repetition laser ranging,the returns and data density per normal points are greatly increased.The ranging precision is also improved obviously.
Characterization of Chaotic Quantum Spectra and Universality of Level Fluctuation Laws (1984)

It is found that the level fluctuations of the quantum Sinai's billiard are consistent with the predictions of the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrices. This reinforces the belief that level fluctuation laws are universal.
Decreased Collagen Production in Diabetic Rats (1988)

Many of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus involve defects in the connective tissue such as poor wound healing, diminished bone formation, and decreased linear growth. Because collagen is the major protein component of these connective tissues, we examined collagen production in diabetic rats as a probe of this generalized defect in connective tissue metabolism. Doses of streptozocin ranging from 35 to 300 mg/kg were used to induce diabetes of graded metabolic severity in rats. Parietal bone or articular cartilage was removed and incubated at 37 degrees C with 5 microCi L-[5-3H]proline for 2 h, and collagen and noncollagen protein production were quantitated after separation with purified bacterial collagenase. Within 2 wk after induction of diabetes, collagen production was significantly reduced in bone and cartilage from diabetic rats to 52% (P less than .01) and 51% (P less than .01) of control (buffer-injected) levels, respectively. In contrast, noncollagen protein production in bone and cartilage from diabetic animals was no different from in tissue from control rats. The correlation between collagen relative to total protein production (relative rate) and the degree of hyperglycemia was highly significant for both bone (r = -.77, P less than .001) and cartilage (r = -.87, P less than .001). Other factors found to correlate with altered collagen production were the duration of diabetes and the amount of weight loss. Thus, diabetes is associated with a marked decrease in collagen production, which was seen early after induction of diabetes and was specific when compared with noncollagen protein production. Cumulative effects of these marked changes in collagen production may contribute to the chronic connective tissue complications in diabetes.
Substituted [(4-Phenylpiperazinyl)- methyl]benzamides:  Selective Dopamine D<sub>4</sub> Agonists (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTSubstituted [(4-Phenylpiperazinyl)- methyl]benzamides: Selective Dopamine D4 AgonistsShelly A. Glase, Hyacinth C. Akunne, Lynn M. Georgic, Thomas G. Heffner, Robert G. MacKenzie, Peter J. Manley, Thomas A. Pugsley, and Lawrence D. WiseView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Therapeutics, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40, 12, 1771–1772Publication Date (Web):June 6, 1997Publication History Received10 January 1997Published online6 June 1997Published inissue 1 June 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm970021chttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm970021crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views611Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Agonists,Amines,Organic reactions,Receptors,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates by Use of a Humanized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 <i>pol</i> Gene (2002)

A synthetic gene consisting of the reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase (IN) domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pol was constructed using codons most frequently used in humans. The humanized pol gave dramatically improved levels of Rev-independent, in vitro protein production in mammalian cells and elicited much stronger cellular immunity in rodents than did virus-derived gene. Specifically, BALB/c mice were immunized with plasmids and/or recombinant vaccinia virus constructs expressing the synthetic gene. High frequencies of Pol-specific T lymphocytes were detected in these animals by the gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot assay against pools of short overlapping peptides. Characterization of the stimulatory peptides from these pools indicates that the optimized gene constructs are able to effectively activate both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Immunization of rhesus macaques with DNA vaccines expressing the humanized pol coupled to a human tissue plasminogen activator leader sequence led to pronounced in vitro cytotoxic T-lymphocyte killing activities and enhanced levels of circulating Pol-specific T cells, comparable to those observed in HIV-1-infected human subjects. Thus, optimizing the immunogenic properties of HIV-1 Pol at the level of the gene sequence validates it as an antigen and provides an important step toward the construction of a potent pol-based HIV-1 vaccine component.
Investigating the effectiveness of individualized feedback to rating behavior — a longitudinal study (2011)

The effectiveness of individualized feedback on rater behavior has been investigated in several previous studies (e.g. Elder, Knoch, Barkhuizen, & von Randow, 2005; Lunt, Morton, & Wigglesworth, 1994; O’Sullivan & Rignall, 2007; Wigglesworth, 1993). The findings of these studies are somewhat inconclusive. However, all of these studies investigated the value of such feedback on a one-off basis, and it is thus not clear how raters use this type of feedback over several administrations of a test. Furthermore, previous research has focused only on one language skill at a time, and we do not know if raters can incorporate the feedback in a similar way when rating speaking and writing. This study tracks the rating behavior of 19 raters assessing a large-scale English for specific purposes (ESP) assessment for the health professions over eight administrations. After each administration, raters received detailed performance profiles of their rating behavior which were generated using many-faceted Rasch measurement. Raters also completed a questionnaire and a subset of raters were interviewed to ascertain their views on the effectiveness of this feedback. The findings showed that the raters were rating no better when receiving the feedback than when they had not received feedback and neither speaking nor writing raters were able to incorporate the feedback more successfully. Although the raters were generally positive about the success of the feedback, there was no relationship between their perceptions of the feedback and the success of the feedback.
Direct 31P Imaging in Human Limb and Brain (1993)

Direct imaging of PCr and Pi, with or without selective excitation of PCr, was effective in the human brain and limb. The methods described should lead to greatly improved fast phosphorus imaging. Clinical utility in peripheral ischemia and in localized energy deficits in the brain of patients with tumor, stroke, and other pathologies is anticipated.
Novel effect of barbituric acid on glass transition temperature of bismaleimide–epoxy resin systems (1992)

Abstract Barbituric acid (BTA) has a novel influence on glass transition temperature ( T g ) of bismaleimide (BMI)–epoxy resin systems. It causes the T g of a BMI–epoxy resin system to rise significantly. The BTA's influence on T g was investigated by changing the molar ratio of the reactants. In addition, the influence of benzoperoxide (BPO) on T g was compared with that of BTA. The reaction selectivity of BTA and diamino‐diphenyl sulfone (DDS) toward BMI and epoxy individually in the BMI–epoxy blended systems were studied using the DSC and GPC. By controlling the amount of DDS and BTA, epoxy and BMI could form intercrosslinking networks.
[Analysis of autopsy and clinical findings on medical malpractice cases after heart operation]. (2007)

Autopsy can be used to determine the cause of death, to assess the quality of the operation and post operation management, and to help to resolve malpractice disputes
JOINT ACTION OF A JUVENILE HORMONE ANALOGUE WITH BENZOYLPHENYLUREAS INGESTED BY WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, <i>CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALIS</i> (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) (1984)

Abstract Mixtures of the juvenile hormone analogue (JHA) methoprene and each of three benzoylphenylureas (BPUs) were fed to sixth-instar western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman. The BPUs tested were diflubenzuron, BAY SIR 8514 ( N -[(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]carbamoyl-2-chlorobenzamide), and EL-127063 ( N -[[[5-(4-bromphenyl)-6-metnyl-2-pyrazinyl]amino]carbonyl]-2-chlorobenzamide). Mixtures consisted of JHA:BPU combined in 1:9 proportions. Ingestion of methoprene combined with BAY SIR 8514 or diflubenzuron resulted in significantly lower mortality than expected under a simple model of uncorrelated, independent action. Ingestion of the mixture of methoprene and EL-127063, however, resulted in significantly enhanced toxicity over the upper response range (> 50% mortality).
Design and Implementation of Internet Based Healthcare Robot System (2005)

with the increase of aging people, the task to maintain the health care level becomes heavier. To compensate for shortages of nurses and reduce the stress of nursing work, we have attempted to create an Internet based mobile robot system for hospitals or home healthcare. In this paper, we described a feasibility study and a basic platform design of a teleoperated healthcare service system via the Internet. We started from a literature review in the research on this topic. We then presented HSR-I, a new modular platform for Internet based mobile robotic systems including design principles, hardware and software architecture. Field tests at hospital facilities have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed system equipped with the capability for navigation by visual information and friendly human-robot interface.