gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bevacizumab in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2007)

Angiogenesis, the growth of new vessels from preexisting vessels, is a fundamental step in tumor growth and progression. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key angiogenic factor implicated in tumor blood vessel formation and permeability. Overexpression of VEGF has been observed in a variety of cancers and has been associated with a worse relapse-free and overall survival. The antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against VEGF, has shown clinical benefit in multiple cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Based on the favorable results of a prior randomized, phase II trial, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group conducted a trial (E4599) to evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with recurrent or advanced stage IIIB or IV nonsquamous cell NSCLC. Exclusion criteria included squamous cell histology, brain metastases, significant hemoptysis, or inadequate organ function or performance status >1. The primary study end point was overall survival. The median duration of survival in the chemotherapy plus bevacizumab group was 12.3 months compared with 10.3 months in the chemotherapy alone group (P = 0.003). Significant bleeding was more frequent in the chemotherapy plus bevacizumab group, 4.4% compared with 0.9% (P = 0.001). There were 15 treatment-related deaths in the chemotherapy plus bevacizumab group, including 5 due to pulmonary hemorrhage. Future and current directions include evaluation of bevacizumab in earlier stages of NSCLC, in SCLC, and in combination with other targeted agents, such as erlotinib.
Cell Assembly in Self-foldable Multi-layered Soft Micro-rolls (2017)

Multi-layered thin films with heterogeneous mechanical properties can be spontaneously transformed to realise various three-dimensional (3D) geometries. Here, we describe micro-patterned all-polymer films called micro-rolls that we use for encapsulating, manipulating, and observing adherent cells in vitro. The micro-rolls are formed of twin-layered films consisting of two polymers with different levels of mechanical stiffness; therefore they can be fabricated by using the strain engineering and a self-folding rolling process. By controlling the strain of the films geometrically, we can achieve 3D tubular architectures with controllable diameters. Integration with a batch release of sacrificial hydrogel layers provides a high yield and the biocompatibility of the micro-rolls with any length in the release process without cytotoxicity. Thus, the multiple cells can be wrapped in individual micro-rolls and artificially reconstructed into hollow or fibre-shaped cellular 3D constructs that possess the intrinsic morphologies and functions of living tissues. This system can potentially provide 3D bio-interfaces such as those needed for reconstruction and assembly of functional tissues and implantable tissue grafts.
N-hydroxy .alpha.-amino acids in organic chemistry (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-hydroxy .alpha.-amino acids in organic chemistryHarry C. J. Ottenheijm and Jacobus D. M. HerscheidCite this: Chem. Rev. 1986, 86, 4, 697–707Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00074a003https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00074a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1405Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient: Potential Imaging Biomarker for Prediction and Early Detection of Response to Chemotherapy in Hepatic Metastases (2008)

ADC seems to be a promising tool for helping predict and monitor the early response to chemotherapy of hepatic metastases from colorectal and gastric carcinomas.
The Enantioselective Allylation and Crotylation of Sterically Hindered and Functionalized Aryl Ketones: Convenient Access to Unusual Tertiary Carbinol Structures (2006)

A strained allylsilane reagent is highly effective in the enantioselective allylation of hydroxyphenylketones. The method is uniquely tolerant both of sterically hindered aliphatic ketones and highly functionalized diaryl ketones and has been extended to include the first examples of highly diastereo- and enantioselective ketone crotylation, which provides access to both diastereomers. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600910_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
RELATIVE CHANGES IN pH AND ACIDITY DURING RIPENING OF CHEDDAR CHEESE, MANUFACTURED BY USING LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS AS AN ADJUNCT CULTURE (2010)

Cheddar cheese is produced by acidification and concentration of milk following gel formation with rennet, starter cultures promote acid development and in combination with adjunct cultures they confer distinct flavor and texture properties to cheese. Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris and Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis are commonly used starter cultures for Cheddar cheese. Lactobacillus rhamnosus used as adjunct culture improves the flavour, imparts therapeutic properties, decreases bitterness and accelerates proteolysis of Cheddar cheese. For the present project, Cheddar cheese was manufactured from buffalo milk by using Lactobacillus rhamnosus in combination with starter cultures. Raw milk was tested for fat, total proteins, lactose, acidity, total solids, SNF and pH. After manufacturing, cheese was ripened at 6 ° C for a period of 90 days. During ripening cheese was evaluated for pH and acidity at the intervals of 0, 30, 60 and 90 days. Results obtained were statistically analyzed to assess the influence of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus on Cheddar cheese quality. On the basis of statistical evaluation, it was found that there is gradual decrease in pH and gradual increase in acidity during 90 day's ripening, while treatment T 2 was evaluated to be the best during storage by its texture and sensory characteristics, with Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris and Lactococcus lactis ssp. l actis (95:5) @ 1.5% + Lb. Rhamnosus @ 0.5% combination.
DEVELOPMENT OF ETHYLENE INDUSTRY IN CHINA (2014)

Status in quo of ethylene industry in China was introduced from aspects as imbalance between supply and demand,upsizing scale of plant,integrated petrified project and homemade process of equipments.Problems and solutions were discussed as well.
Pattern recognition technique to QRS complex classification (2003)

A pattern recognition method is presented for QRS-complex classification. The linear prediction method is used to extract feature vectors of ECG signal, and the error correction rule is used to obtain the exact weight vector by training some prototype feature vectors. Then, every feature vector of the QRS-complex is decided in each class by a linear discriminant function. The MIT-BIH database was used to evaluate the present algorithm, and the results of classification have precisions of over 99%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of Mg on the Sintering of Al-Mg Alloy Powders by Pulse Electric-Current Sintering Process (2004)

Utilization of deoxidization mechanism of magnesium (Mg) is an effective method to remove the oxide films at aluminum (Al) alloy powder surface in pulse electric-current sintering (PECS) process. The continuous amorphous oxide film at Al alloy surface are broken and removed by deoxidization of Mg. Crystalline particles of MgAl2O4 or MgO, or both of them, are formed, which depend on Mg content in Al alloy powder and sintering temperature. After that the metal/metal contact is caused, and solid state sintering of Al alloy powder is facilitated. The electrical resistivity and tensile properties of powder compacts are improved by Mg addition. Based on the analyses of electrical resistivity, tensile properties and microstructures of the sintered specimens, optimum amount of Mg addition to improve the sintering properties of Al powder is determined to be 0.3—2.5 mass%.
Data Centers in the Cloud: A Large Scale Performance Study (2012)

With the advancement of virtualization technologies and the benefit of economies of scale, industries are seeking scalable IT solutions, such as data centers hosted either in-house or by a third party. Data center availability, often via a cloud setting, is ubiquitous. Nonetheless, little is known about the in-production performance of data centers, and especially the interaction of workload demands and resource availability. This study fills this gap by conducting a large scale survey of in-production data center servers within a time period that spans two years. We provide in-depth analysis on the time evolution of existing data center demands by providing a holistic characterization of typical data center server workloads, by focusing on their basic resource components, including CPU, memory, and storage systems. We especially focus on seasonality of resource demands and how this is affected by different geographical locations. This survey provides a glimpse on the evolution of data center workloads and provides a basis for an economics analysis that can be used for effective capacity planning of future data centers.
A Digital Fluoroscopic Imaging System for Radiotherapy Localization (1989)

We have been developing a digital fluoroscopic imaging device to replace the portal films that are currently used to verify patient positioning during radiotherapy treatments. Our system differs in two ways from previously reported devices. Our x-ray detector, which consists of a 1.0-mm copper plate with a 400-mg/cm2 Gd2O2S:Tb phosphor layer bonded to the plate, has a much thicker phosphor layer than used previously. Thus, the light output from the detector is also much larger. The increased light output reduces the contribution by the secondary (light) quanta to noise in the images. In addition, the operation of the T.V. camera has been modified so that the light from the phosphor screen is integrated on the target of the T.V. camera for periods of 0.2-2.0 seconds. Integration of the light increases the video signal relative to the fixed noise current generated by the camera, and thus minimizes the camera's contribution to noise in the images. Image quality improves if either a thicker phosphor detector or target integration is used to form the image, and the best images result if these two are used in combination. The images obtained from the imaging system are comparable to film, and show that our fluoroscopic imaging system represents a definite alternative to film as a method of verifying patient positioning in radiotherapy.
Research on the Path of Optimizing China's Digital Government Construction under the Background of Intelligent Society (2021)

In the context of intelligent society, the construction of a digital government has become an important part of the current Chinese government reform, However, information islands, data security, trace formalism, etc. haunt the construction of China's digital government. Therefore, it is inevitable to carry out integrated and coordinated development of digital government, break data barriers, and improve evaluation mechanisms. Emerging technologies such as federated learning and blockchain provide new ideas for the construction of digital government. This article aims to understand the current status of China's digital government construction, analyze the challenges faced in the construction of digital government, and further propose optimization paths, hoping to help China's digital government construction.
Inhibition of protein phosphatase 1 by inhibitor‐2 gene delivery ameliorates heart failure progression in genetic cardiomyopathy (2006)

The type 1 protein phosphatase (PP1) has been reported to be overactivated in the failing heart, leading to a depression in cardiac function. We investigated whether in vivo PP1 inhibition by myocardial gene transfer of inhibitor-2 (INH-2), an endogenous PP1 inhibitor, alleviates heart failure (HF) progression in the cardiomyopathic (CM) hamster, a well-established HF model. Adenoviral INH-2 gene delivery improved % fractional shortening of the left ventricle (LV) accompanied by reduced chamber size at 1 wk. In vivo myocardial INH-2 gene delivery induced an increase in cytosolic PP1 catalytic subunit alpha (PP1Calpha) without inducing the corresponding increase in cytosolic PP1 activity. On the other hand, INH-2 delivery induced a decrease in microsomal PP1Calpha, resulting in a preferential decrease in microsomal PP1 activity, thereby increasing in phospholamban phosphorylation at Ser16. INH-2 gene transfer alleviated brain natriuretic peptide expression, presumably reflecting improved cardiac function. Moreover, adeno-associated virus-mediated INH-2 gene delivery significantly extended the survival time for 3 mo. These results indicate that increased PP1 activity is an exacerbating factor during progression of genetic cardiomyopathy and modulation of PP1 activity by INH-2 provides a potential new treatment for HF without activating protein kinase A signaling in cardiomyocytes.
Condensed thiophen ring systems. Part XVI. Derivatives of 11H-[1]benzothieno[2,3-b][1]benzothiopyran (1974)

Deoxygenation of 2-(2-benzo[b]thienylthio)nitrobenzene (2) with triethyl phosphite and thermolysis of 2-(2-benzo[b]thienylthio)phenyl azide (3) gave 2-(2-benzo[b]thienylthio)-NN-diethylaniline (5) and 2-(2-benzo[b]thienylthio)aniline (4), respectively. In a Bamford–Stevens reaction the tosylhydrazone of the aldehyde (6) gave 2-nitro-11H-[1]benzothieno[2,3-b][1]benzothiopyran (10), which was prepared also by thermolysis of the diazomethane derivative (7) and by reduction of the thiopyrylium salt (24; X = Cl) with sodium borohydride. Reaction of the aldehyde (6) with phosphoryl chloride in toluene gave the salt (24; X = Cl) and Fridel–Crafts cyclisation of the acid chloride (9) gave 2-nitro[1]benzothieno[2,3-b][1]benzothiopyran-11-one (12). Various reactions of the ketone (12) are reported.
Fast Model-Based Contact Patch and Pose Estimation for Highly Deformable Dense-Geometry Tactile Sensors (2019)

Modeling deformable contact is a well-known problem in soft robotics and is particularly challenging for compliant interfaces that permit large deformations. We present a model for the behavior of a highly deformable dense geometry sensor in its interaction with objects; the forward model predicts the elastic deformation of a mesh given the pose and geometry of a contacting rigid object. We use this model to develop a fast approximation to solve the inverse problem: estimating the contact patch when the sensor is deformed by arbitrary objects. This inverse model can be easily identified through experiments and is formulated as a sparse Quadratic Program (QP) that can be solved efficiently online. The proposed model serves as the first stage of a pose estimation pipeline for robot manipulation. We demonstrate the proposed inverse model through real-time estimation of contact patches on a contact-rich manipulation problem in which oversized fingers screw a nut onto a bolt, and as part of a complete pipeline for pose-estimation and tracking based on the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. Our results demonstrate a path towards realizing soft robots with highly compliant surfaces that perform complex real-world manipulation tasks.
The design and some applications of sensitive capacitance micrometers (1973)

A general account is given of both the electrical and the mechanical aspects of the design of capacitative transducers and their associated electronic circuitry suitable for observing displacements of the order 10-2 to 10-11 mm. The lower figure is the order of magnitude of noise and drift averaged over a second, the drift over a day of the order 10-8 to 10-9 mm. Their application is illustrated by descriptions of an apparatus to explore the limits of performance, a moderately sensitive micrometer, and two geophysical instruments, a tiltmeter and a gravimeter. Full details of a general purpose electronic system are given.
Development of a PZT MEMS Switch Architecture for Low-Power Digital Applications (2011)

A lead zirconate titanate (PZT) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) digital switch was designed as a low-power low-frequency control system intended to create energy-efficient microcontrollers, control higher voltage systems, and provide integrated control over other MEMS platforms. In addition, the technology is inherently insensitive to high energy radiation and has been shown to operate over a wide range of temperatures. Initial devices were fabricated with three design variables of interest-actuator length, width, and contact metallurgy (Au/Pt, Au/Ru, and Au/Au). To assess the impact of each variable on device performance, device wafers were measured using a SUSS semiautomated probe station and associated control hardware and software. Devices were evaluated based on contact resistance, actuation voltage, minimum actuation voltage using a voltage bias, propagation delay, dynamic power, and static power consumption. The measurements were then analyzed to determine the optimal switch geometry and contact material combination for digital applications. With the data collected, a software model was developed for accurate simulation of higher complexity circuits composed of these switches.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligulaverin A, a Structurally Novel Sesquiterpenoid‐Derived Metabolite Possibly Formed via a Biological Diels‐Alder Reaction. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A 16Gb 18Gb/S/pin GDDR6 DRAM with per-bit trainable single-ended DFE and PLL-less clocking (2018)

Starting at 512Mb 6Gb/s/pin [1], GDDR5's speed and density have been steadily developing for about 10 years; recently achieving 8Gb 9Gb/s/pin [2] with per-pin timing training. Although 8Gb GDDR5X can operate at 12Gb/s [3] by increasing the burst length (BL) from 8 to 16, a degradation in system performance at a data granularity of 64B is seen. The I/O specification, using PLL clocking that additionally causes PLL jitter, has not changed much compared with GDDR5. To overcome these issues, GDDR6 introduced a dual channel for a data granularity of 32B with a BL16, per-bit training of l/ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">REF</inf> , and an equalizer with PLL-less clocking. This paper presents a 16Gb 18Gb/s/pin GDDR6 DRAM with a die architecture and high-speed circuit techniques on 1.35V DRAM process.
Reversed Self–Sealing Pars Plana Sclerotomies (2001)

Assi, Alexandre C. FRCOphth; Scott, Robert A. H. FRCOphth; Charteris, David G. MD, FRCS, FRCOphth Author Information
The use of capacitive deionization with carbon aerogel electrodes to remove inorganic contaminants from water (1995)

The capacitive deionization of water with a stack of carbon aerogel electrodes has been successfully demonstrated for the first time. Unlike ion exchange, one of the more conventional deionization processes, no chemicals were required for regeneration of the system. Electricity was used instead. Water with various anions and cations was pumped through the electrochemical cell. After polarization, ions were electrostatically removed from the water and held in the electric double layers formed at electrode surfaces. The water leaving the cell was purified, as desired.
Skeletal muscle and heart LKB1 deficiency causes decreased voluntary running and reduced muscle mitochondrial marker enzyme expression in mice (2006)

LKB1 has been identified as a component of the major upstream kinase of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in skeletal muscle. To investigate the roles of LKB1 in skeletal muscle, we used muscle-specific LKB1 knockout (MLKB1KO) mice that exhibit low expression of LKB1 in heart and skeletal muscle, but not in other tissues. The importance of LKB1 in muscle physiology was demonstrated by the observation that electrical stimulation of the muscle in situ increased AMPK phosphorylation and activity in the wild-type (WT) but not in the muscle-specific LKB1KO mice. Likewise, phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) was markedly attenuated in the KO mice. The LKB1KO mice had difficulty running on the treadmill and exhibited marked reduction in distance run in voluntary running wheels over a 3-wk period (5.9 +/- 0.9 km/day for WT vs. 1.7 +/- 0.7 km/day for MLKB1KO mice). The MLKB1KO mice anesthetized at rest exhibited significantly decreased phospho-AMPK and phospho-ACC compared with WT mice. KO mice exhibited lower levels of mitochondrial protein expression in the red and white regions of the quadriceps. These observations, along with previous observations from other laboratories, clearly demonstrate that LKB1 is the major upstream kinase in skeletal muscle and that it is essential for maintaining mitochondrial marker proteins in skeletal muscle. These data provide evidence for a critical role of LKB1 in muscle physiology, one of which is maintaining basal levels of mitochondrial oxidative enzymes. Capacity for voluntary running is compromised with muscle and heart LKB1 deficiency.
Confirmation of a second natural preQ<sub>1</sub> aptamer class in Streptococcaceae bacteria (2008)

Bioinformatics searches of eubacterial genomes have yielded many riboswitch candidates where the identity of the ligand is not immediately obvious on examination of associated genes. One of these motifs is found exclusively in the family Streptococcaceae within the 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes encoding the hypothetical membrane protein classified as COG4708 or DUF988. While the function of this protein class is unproven, a riboswitch binding the queuosine biosynthetic intermediate pre-queuosine(1) (preQ(1)) has been identified in the 5' UTR of homologous genes in many Firmicute species of bacteria outside of Streptococcaceae. Here we show that a representative of the COG4708 RNA motif from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 also binds preQ(1). Furthermore, representatives of this RNA have structural and molecular recognition characteristics that are distinct from those of the previously described preQ(1) riboswitch class. PreQ(1) is the second metabolite for which two or more distinct classes of natural aptamers exist, indicating that natural aptamers utilizing different structures to bind the same metabolite may be more common than is currently known. Additionally, the association of preQ(1) binding RNAs with most genes encoding proteins classified as COG4708 strongly suggests that these proteins function as transporters for preQ(1) or another queuosine biosynthetic intermediate.