gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-level expression of human superoxide dismutase in the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans 6301. (1994)

A chemically synthesized gene encoding human CuZn superoxide dismutase (hSOD) was cloned into the shuttle vector pBAX18R and expressed in Anacystis nidulans 6301 (Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 6301) under the control of a ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase gene (rbc) promoter derived from A. nidulans 6301. The sequences immediately upstream from the hSOD coding region and the distances between the ribosomal binding site and ATG initiation codon strongly affected the expression of the hSOD gene in A. nidulans cells. Optimal expression of hSOD was obtained with the expression vector pBAXSOD8-I, which contained a GGAGAG sequence. In defined conditions, irradiation with light increased hSOD enzyme activity in the transformants > 18-fold and the level of the hSOD protein reached a value of about 3% of the total soluble protein. The transformants that expressed hSOD acquired the ability to extenuate photooxidative damage induced by methyl viologen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF O‐ETHYLTRICHLOROMETHYLDITHIOPHOSPHONIC ACID AND SOME OF ITS DERIVATIVES (1976)

Abstract Das Dichlorid (I) reagiert mit 2 Mol KSH zur freien Säure (II), mit 3 Mol KSH zum entsprechenden Kaliumsalz (III).
Nutritional Alteration of the Fatty Acid Composition of a Thermophilic <i>Bacillus</i> Species (1973)

The fatty acid composition of a thermophilic Bacillus sp. was altered by the addition of isobutyrate, isovalerate, alpha-methylbutyrate, leucine, and isoleucine to the growth medium. With isobutyrate, 81% of the fatty acids had 16 carbon atoms and 79% were iso-fatty acids with an even number of carbon atoms. With leucine, 58% of the fatty acids had 15 carbon atoms and 86% were iso-fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms. With isoleucine, 72% of the fatty acids had 17 carbon atoms and 88% were anteiso-fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms. Thus, by altering the composition of the growth medium, cells were produced in which the majority of the fatty acids had either 15, 16, or 17 carbons and belonged to each of the three groups of branched-chain fatty acids. The wide variation observed in the fatty acid composition makes it unlikely that any specific branched-chain fatty acid is required for vital functions.
Peptide Synthesis by Papain in Alkali Halide Media (1996)

The ability of papain to synthesize the tripeptide Gly-Gly-PheNH2 in saline media at 60°C has been studied, choosing nine different alkali halides (KF, NaF, LiF, KCl, NaCl, LiCl, KBr, NaBr and LiBr) at different concentrations as reaction media. First, papain thermostability in these media was analyzed, and non-first order deactivation kinetics were observed. In all cases, the experimental results were fitted to a two-step series-type deactivation model with excellent agreement. Salts can acts as denaturing or protective agents of the enzyme as a function of both their nature and concentration. Secondly, the effect of these salts on synthesis of the tripeptide Gly-Gly-PheNH2 catalysed by papain was also studied. Salts, as water activity-depressing agents, enhanced the enzyme peptide synthesis by kinetic control proportionally to their concentration and salting-out power. Water activity was shown to be a key parameter in both, the enzyme thermal stability and peptide synthesis activity. The overall results allow a classification of ions on the basis of the increase in synthetic activity and the stabilisation power as follows, F- > Cl- > Br; K+ > Na+ > Li+, which was in agreement with the Hofmeister lyotropic series.
R. Furon. — Le problème de l'eau dans le monde (1964)

Robert Jean. R. Furon. — Le problème de l'eau dans le monde. In: Norois, n°41, Janvier-Mars 1964. pp. 65-66.
Distributed state representation for tracking problems in sensor networks (2004)

This paper investigates the problem of designing decentralized representations to support monitoring and inferences in sensor networks. State-space models of physical phenomena such as those arising from tracking multiple interacting targets, while commonly used in signal processing and control, suffer from the curse of dimensionality as the number of phenomena of interest increases. Furthermore, mapping an inference algorithm onto a distributed sensor network must appropriately allocate scarce sensing and communication resources. We address the state-space explosion problem by developing a distributed state-space model that switches between factored and joint state spaces as appropriate. We develop a collaborative group abstraction as a mechanism to effectively support the information ow within and across subspaces of the state-space model, which can be efficiently supported in a communication-constrained network. The approach has been implemented and demonstrated in a simulation of tracking multiple interacting targets.
A Coordination Network That Catalyzes O<sub>2</sub>-Based Oxidations (2007)

Reaction of Tb(III) and two bridging ligands, a redox-active benzoic acid-terminated hexavandate ([V6O13{(OCH2)3C(4-CONHC6H4CO2H)}2]2- (1) and 4,4‘-bis(pyridine-N-dioxide) (bpdo) produces a catalytically active open-framework pillared layer-type coordination polymer, Tb1. The network material catalyzes aerobic oxidation of PrSH to PrSSPr and the oxidation tetrahydrothiophene (THT) to tetrahydrothiophene oxide (THTO) by tert-butylhydroperoxide under ambient conditions. Tb(III) ions and bpdo units form two-dimensional (2D) coordination layers, and the 2D layers are connected by 1 to produce a three-dimensional coordination network. IR and powder X-ray diffraction of Tb1 before and after catalysis indicate the catalyst maintains an open framework structure during the catalytic reactions.
Lithium Aluminum Methide as an Alkylating Agent<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLithium Aluminum Methide as an Alkylating Agent1D. J. Pasto and R. Snyder O.S.F.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 5, 1634–1635Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01016a075https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01016a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Maximum likelihood sequence estimators: a geometric view (1989)

Communication issues are described in terms of macro operations between the data and the observation spaces. The problem of recovering the data is related to the inversion of an operator (the channel mapping); for this reason results available in linear algebra and functional analysis are applicable. Traditional concepts in communications are identified with these operations. An approach to the maximum-likelihood sequence estimator based on a sufficient statistic derived from these concepts is proposed. Intersymbol interference is removed by linear equalization, and a Viterbi-like dynamic programming algorithm takes into account the correlated noise in the metric evaluation. The performance of suboptimal receivers obtained by means of metric simplification is analyzed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Micromachined reconfigurable out-of-plane microstrip patch antenna using plastic deformation magnetic actuation (2003)

A new reconfigurable out-of-plane microstrip patch antenna is presented. Using micromachining processes, a microstrip antenna designed for operation around 26 GHz is covered with a thin layer of magnetic material and released from the substrate. Application of an external DC magnetic field causes plastic deformation of the antenna at the boundary point where it is attached to the microstrip feed line, resulting in a patch positioned at an angle over the substrate. Frequency and pattern reconfigurability are demonstrated with measurements. Results indicate that versions of this structure may be used to expand or enhance the capabilities of traditional planar arrays.
3D stereophotogrammetric image superimposition onto 3D CT scan images: the future of orthognathic surgery. A pilot study. (2002)

The aim of this study was to register and assess the accuracy of the superimposition method of a 3-dimensional (3D) soft tissue stereophotogrammetric image (C3D image) and a 3D image of the underlying skeletal tissue acquired by 3D spiral computerized tomography (CT). The study was conducted on a model head, in which an intact human skull was embedded with an overlying latex mask that reproduced anatomic features of a human face. Ten artificial radiopaque landmarks were secured to the surface of the latex mask. A stereophotogrammetric image of the mask and a 3D spiral CT image of the model head were captured. The C3D image and the CT images were registered for superimposition by 3 different methods: Procrustes superimposition using artificial landmarks, Procrustes analysis using anatomic landmarks, and partial Procrustes analysis using anatomic landmarks and then registration completion by HICP (a modified Iterative Closest Point algorithm) using a specified region of both images. The results showed that Procrustes superimposition using the artificial landmarks produced an error of superimposition on the order of 10 mm. Procrustes analysis using anatomic landmarks produced an error in the order of 2 mm. Partial Procrustes analysis using anatomic landmarks followed by HICP produced a superimposition accuracy of between 1.25 and 1.5 mm. It was concluded that a stereophotogrammetric and a 3D spiral CT scan image can be superimposed with an accuracy of between 1.25 and 1.5 mm using partial Procrustes analysis based on anatomic landmarks and then registration completion by HICP.
The Action of Lithium Aluminum Hydride on Organic Disulfides (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Action of Lithium Aluminum Hydride on Organic DisulfidesRobert C. Arnold, Arthur P. Lien, and Robert M. AlmCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 2, 731–733Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01158a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01158a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views690Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modulation of Cholesterol Metabolism by the Green Tea Polyphenol (−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate in Cultured Human Liver (HepG2) Cells (2006)

Epidemiological and animal studies have found that green tea is associated with lower plasma cholesterol. This study aimed to further elucidate how green tea modulates cholesterol metabolism. When HepG2 cells were incubated with the main green tea constituents, the catechins, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was the only catechin to increase LDL receptor binding activity (3-fold) and protein (2.5-fold) above controls. EGCG increased the conversion of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) to its active form (+56%) and lowered the cellular cholesterol concentration (-28%). At 50 microM, EGCG significantly lowered cellular cholesterol synthesis, explaining the reduction in cellular cholesterol. At 200 microM EGCG, cholesterol synthesis was significantly increased even though cellular cholesterol was lower, but there was a significant increase seen in medium cholesterol. This indicates that, at 200 microM, EGCG increases cellular cholesterol efflux. This study provides mechanisms by which green tea modulates cholesterol metabolism and indicates that EGCG might be its active constituent.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclic Guanidine‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Allylic Addition of N‐Aryl Alkylidene‐Succinimides. (2011)

Abstract The title reaction affords aza‐heterocycles with multiple chiral centers.
Nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonists: N-phenyl-1H-pyrrole derivatives are angiotensin II receptor antagonists (1993)

A series of 5-[1-[4-[(4,5-disubstituted-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]- substituted]-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]-1H-tetrazoles and 5-[1-[4-[(3,5-dibutyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-substituted]- 1H-pyrrol-2-yl]-1H-tetrazoles were investigated as novel AT1-selective angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Computer-assisted modeling techniques were used to evaluate structural parameters in comparison to the related biphenyl system. New synthetic procedures have been developed to prepare the novel compounds. The best antagonists in this series had IC50 values (rat uterine membrane receptor binding) in the 10(-8) M range and corresponding pA2 in isolated organ assay (rabbit aorta rings). Structure-activity relationships indicate some similarities with the finding in the biphenyl system. Substitution on the pyrrole ring modulates activity. Compound 5 antagonized angiotensin-induced blood pressure increase when administered to conscious rat at 30 mg/kg per os.
ShRNA-Targeted MAP4K4 Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth (2010)

MAP4K4 overexpression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis of HCC patients, and inhibition of its expression might be of therapeutic significance.
Susceptibility Insensitive Single Shot MRI Combining BURST and Multiple Spin Echoes (1995)

A single shot MR imaging technique insensitive to magnetic susceptibility effects is introduced. The method allows multislice imaging in areas with poor magnetic field homogeneity, and can be implemented on standard clinical scanners. The design is based on the combination of a BURST excitation with multiple RF refocusing pulses. Images were obtained at 1.5 T on phantoms and human brain with a matrix size of 64 x 54 and a resolution of 4 x 4 mm in 230 ms.
Studies on the benzoxazine series. Part 3—Preparation and <sup>13</sup>C NMR structural Study of γ Effects of Some <i>N</i>‐substituted 3,4‐dihydro‐2<i>H</i>‐1,3‐benzoxazines (1990)

Abstract Seventeen N ‐substituted 3,4‐dihydro‐2 H ‐1,3‐benzoxazines [ N ‐substituent = Et, Pr i , Bu t , CH 2 C 6 H 5 or CH(CH 3 )C 6 H 5 ] were prepared and their structures studied in the light of 13 C chemical shifts. The γ effects caused by C(α)‐methyl or C(α)‐phenyl substitution at the heterocyclic ring carbons were found to be valuable structural parameters. By using N‐tert ‐butyl derivatives as models, and by dividing γ tot effects into their components, the rotamer populations due to the rotation around the NC(α) bond could be evaluated. The method also allows the configurational assignment of diastereomeric N ‐α‐methylbenzyl derivatives. The effect of the half‐chair structure on the 13 C NMR parameters is discussed.
Real-Time Deep Learning Method for Abandoned Luggage Detection in Video (2018)

Recent terrorist attacks in major cities around the world have brought many casualties among innocent citizens. One potential threat is represented by abandoned luggage items (that could contain bombs or biological warfare) in public areas. In this paper, we describe an approach for real-time automatic detection of abandoned luggage in video captured by surveillance cameras. The approach is comprised of two stages: (i) static object detection based on background subtraction and motion estimation and (ii) abandoned luggage recognition based on a cascade of convolutional neural networks (CNN). To train our neural networks we provide two types of examples: images collected from the Internet and realistic examples generated by imposing various suitcases and bags over the scene's background. We present empirical results demonstrating that our approach yields better performance than a strong CNN baseline method.
200 Mb/s visible optical wireless transmission based on NRZ–OOK modulation of phosphorescent white LED and a pre-emphasis circuit (2014)

We present a high-speed visible light communication (VLC) link that uses a commercially available phosphorescent white light-emitting diode (LED). Such devices have few megahertz bandwidth due to the slow response of phosphorescent component, which severely limit the transmission data rate of VLC system. We propose a simple pre-emphasis circuit. With blue-filtering and the pre-emphasis circuit, the bandwidth of VLC system can be enhanced from 3 to 77.6 MHz, which allows non-return-to-zero on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK) data transmission up to 200 Mb/s with the bit error ratio of 5.3 10 -7 which is below 10 -6 . The VLC link operates at the room illumination level of ~1000 lx at 1.1 m range using a single 1 W white LED.
Nonstructural Protein 3 of Bluetongue Virus Assists Virus Release by Recruiting ESCRT-I Protein Tsg101 (2005)

The release of Bluetongue virus (BTV) and other members of the Orbivirus genus from infected host cells occurs predominantly by cell lysis, and in some cases, by budding from the plasma membrane. Two nonstructural proteins, NS3 and NS3A, have been implicated in this process. Here we show that both proteins bind to human Tsg101 and its ortholog from Drosophila melanogaster with similar strengths in vitro. This interaction is mediated by a conserved PSAP motif in NS3 and appears to play a role in virus release. The depletion of Tsg101 with small interfering RNA inhibits the release of BTV and African horse sickness virus, a related orbivirus, from HeLa cells up to fivefold and threefold, respectively. Like most other viral proteins which recruit Tsg101, NS3 also harbors a PPXY late-domain motif that allows NS3 to bind NEDD4-like ubiquitin ligases in vitro. However, the late-domain motifs in NS3 do not function as effectively in facilitating the release of mini Gag virus-like particles from 293T cells as the late domains from human immunodeficiency virus type 1, human T-cell leukemia virus, and Ebola virus. A mutagenesis study showed that the arginine residue in the PPRY motif is responsible for the low activity of the NS3 late-domain motifs. Our data suggest that the BTV late-domain motifs either recruit an antagonist that interferes with budding or fail to recruit an agonist which is different from NEDD4.
The effect of primary antioxidants and synergists on the activity of plant extracts in lard (1992)

The antioxidant activities of combinations of plant extracts and primary antioxidants or citric acid were studied in lard stored at 75°C. Methanol extracts of oregano, thyme, marjoram, dittany, rosemary and sage were used. When combined with butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene or ascorbyl palmitate the extracts showed an additive antioxidant effect, while combinations with propyl gallate did not increase the induction period obtained by the phenolic antioxidant. Negative synergism was observed when the plant extracts were mixed with DL‐α‐tocopherol. Citric acid showed a high synergistic efficiency with marjoram extract and a minor one with thyme extract, but it had a negative effect with all the others. Ternary mixtures of the plant extracts with citric acid and ascorbyl palmitate had lower activity than the corresponding dual combinations with ascorbyl palmitate, except for the mixture of marjoram extract.
Design of a TECTEM Prototype (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A TECTEM is a thermionic energy module. It will ultimately replace the central heating facilities annex domestic hot water systems in homes. It's merit stems from the fact that in conventional central heating facilities, high temperature heat is being used for low temperature purposes, In a TECTEM, some of this heat is used to generate electricity. The waste heat of the Thermionic Energy Converter (TEC) can still be used for producing domestic hot water and for heating a house. Because of this the marginal efficiency, with which electricity can be generated, can be as high as 80%. The specific electricity costs are rather low. Since the TECTEM saves energy as compared to electricity production by central station power plants, it also reduces CO<sub>2</sub> emission. A brief overview is given of the design criteria leading to the design of the first TECTEM. The design of this prototype incorporating six TEC's is explained. It will serve as a testing vehicle for life and performance assessment of the TECTEM and several of it's components e.g. the solid state DC/AC invertor. The design of a burner/recuperator module is discussed. This TECTEM will be used for developing the first demonstration prototype in close cooperation with a Dutch manufacturer of central heating systems. The basic scheme, criteria and the performance of the solid state invertor, converting low voltage DC electricity into 220 V 50 Hz electricity is also discussed.</div>
Chlorotrifluoroethylene oligomer based nonflammable hydraulic fluid. 2 Hydraulic components' development (1993)

Abstract A requirement for a nonflammable hydraulic fluid was defined in the 1970s to eliminate losses attributable to hydraulic system fires. In order to increase the possibility of success of the nonflammable hydraulic fluid development programme, requirements for compatibility with current hydraulic fluids, seals, and system designs were not established. All previous attempts to develop a compatible nonflammable hydraulic fluid had been unsuccessful. Extensive screening of many chemical classes of candidate base fluids led to the selection of a Chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) oligomer. Considerable hardwarel system development was performed for hydraulic system applications, including development of high‐pressure actuators, pumps, and motors. The major thrust of the programme, a totally new system design, was demonstrated in the Lockheed High Technology Test Bed air craft and in the McDonnell Douglas Aircraft 55.2 MPa (8000 psi) technology ‘Iron Bird’ demonstrator. Possible retrofit applications for current systems include a C135E fireproof brake system and the M1/M1A1 Abrams tank gun mount. This paper also discusses material compatibility requirements, design considerations, and the results of pump testing of the nonflammable hydraulic fluid.