gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Universal properties of two-port scattering, impedance, and admittance matrices of wave-chaotic systems (2006)

Statistical fluctuations in the eigenvalues of the scattering, impedance, and admittance matrices of two-port wave-chaotic systems are studied experimentally using a chaotic microwave cavity. These fluctuations are universal in that their properties are dependent only upon the degree of loss in the cavity. We remove the direct processes introduced by the nonideally coupled driving ports through a matrix normalization process that involves the radiation-impedance matrix of the two driving ports. We find good agreement between the experimentally obtained marginal probability density functions (PDFs) of the eigenvalues of the normalized impedance, admittance, and scattering matrix and those from random matrix theory (RMT). We also experimentally study the evolution of the joint PDF of the eigenphases of the normalized scattering matrix as a function of loss. Experimental agreement with the theory by Brouwer and Beenakker for the joint PDF of the magnitude of the eigenvalues of the normalized scattering matrix is also shown.
Pioglitazone Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Glucocorticoids in Experimental Nephrotic Syndrome (2016)

Glucocorticoids are the primary therapy for nephrotic syndrome (NS), but have serious side effects and are ineffective in ~20-50% of patients. Thiazolidinediones have recently been suggested to be renoprotective, and to modulate podocyte glucocorticoid-mediated nuclear receptor signaling. We hypothesized that thiazolidinediones could enhance glucocorticoid efficacy in NS. We found that puromycin aminonucleoside-induced proteinuria in rats was significantly reduced by both high-dose glucocorticoids (79%) and pioglitazone (61%), but not low-dose glucocorticoids (25%). Remarkably, pioglitazone + low-dose glucocorticoids also reduced proteinuria (63%) comparably to high-dose glucocorticoids, whereas pioglitazone + high-dose glucocorticoids reduced proteinuria to almost control levels (97%). Molecular analysis revealed that both glucocorticoids and pioglitazone enhanced glomerular synaptopodin and nephrin expression, and reduced COX-2 expression, after injury. Furthermore, the glomerular phosphorylation of glucocorticoid receptor and Akt, but not PPARγ, correlated with treatment-induced reductions in proteinuria. Notably, clinical translation of these findings to a child with refractory NS by the addition of pioglitazone to the treatment correlated with marked reductions in both proteinuria (80%) and overall immunosuppression (64%). These findings together suggest that repurposing pioglitazone could potentially enhance the proteinuria-reducing effects of glucocorticoids during NS treatment.
[Identification and characterization of the Francisella sp. strain 08HL01032 isolated in air condition systems]. (2009)

Strain 08H101032 was a potential new species of the genus Fransicella with a typical characteristic of L-cysteine growth stimulating activity, distinguishingly to Legionella with L-cysteine growth dependent activity.
Photocopying Living Chains. 2. Time-Dependent Measurements (2001)

In the preceding article, we reported a novel experimental technique, the “photocopy” method, that allowed the first ever measurements of living chain molecular weight distributions (MWDs) in free radical polymerization (FRP) at steady state. The method entails flooding the FRP at some instant with “photoinhibitor” radicals created photochemically from an appropriate precursor using a short laser pulse. These radicals are extremely slow in initiating new living chains, yet they couple with existing ones (and one another) at near diffusion-controlled rates and carry a fluorescent label. The effect is to freeze the growth of and simultaneously label the living chains that existed just before the laser pulse. In this article we first address the issue of photoinhibitor radical addition to monomer (at rate ), which creates new unwanted labeled living chains that distort the labeled living MWD measurements. Being unable to measure by standard methods due to its extremely small value, we have studied the dependence of the total detected amount of labeled chains on the concentration of photoinhibitor radicals produced per pulse. These experiments suggest, albeit indirectly, that pollution should have a small effect when the photoinhibitor molecule di(1-naphthyl, phenyl methyl) sulfone (DNPMS) is used. Second, we present measurements of living chains whose steady state is perturbed by a series of photocopying pulses, applied with a period shorter than the time required to reestablish the steady state. These pulses have a dual role: (i) with each pulse all living chains are removed from the FRP instantly, creating a “vacuum” at t = 0, and (ii) the MWD of the living chains recovering toward steady state is “copied” into a labeled dead MWD. In this “reverse post-effect” experiment, monitoring the concentration ψl(t) and the mean length N̄(t) of living chains as a function of laser period to, allows us to estimate the propagation velocity vp (number of monomers added to a living chain per second) and the mean steady-state living chain lifetime .
High resolution melting real-time PCR for rapid discrimination between Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi. (2009)

HRM is a simple and rapid method for identification of two closely related B. malayi and B. pahangi in which it can detect both parasites within 30 min after real-time PCR detection. This assay is probe-free HRM and reduces a risk of PCR carryover. It does not require multiplex methods and DNA sequencing; therefore, HRM provides a new approach for genetic screening and rapid detection of closely related species in a clinical laboratory.
Intracavity transmission ellipsometry for optically anisotropic components (1993)

The relative retardation Δ, the orientation of the main axis φ, the polarization-dependent loss angle Ψ, and the reciprocal and the nonreciprocal rotation angle ρ of optical components can be determined, in principle, by intracavity ellipsometry. The component under test is placed inside a phase-modulated cw laser, which causes a change in the beat frequency, beam polarization, and intensity. Using the diode-pumped Nd:YAG-laser ellipsometer, we demonstrate with our preliminary measurements of Δ and φ the feasibility and precision of intracavity ellipsometry for measuring optically anisotropic components.
Self-acting seals for helicopter engines (1975)

An experimental evaluation was conducted with NASA-designed self-acting face and circumferential seals for use in the main shaft positions of advanced gas turbine engines. The seals featured Rayleigh step pads (self-acting geometry) for lift augmentation. The tested seals incorporated design improvements over previous self-acting configurations. Self-acting face seals were tested to speeds of 214 m/s (700 ft/sec, 63700 rpm), air pressures of 216.8 N/sq cm abs (314.7 psia), and air temperatures of 688K (778 F). Self-acting circumferential seals were tested to speeds of 183 m/s (600 ft/sec, 47700 rpm), air pressures of 61.8 N/sq cm abs (89.7 psia), and air temperatures of 711 K (820 F). Self-acting face-seals are capable of operating at conditions exceeding conventional seal capability. The limit on speed capability was found to be the flatness of the seal-seat. The self-acting circumferential seal design tested requires further development for use in advanced engines.
Required Immunoproteasome Subunit Inhibition Profile for Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy and Clinical Candidate KZR-616 ((2<i>S</i>,3<i>R</i>)-<i>N</i>-((<i>S</i>)-3-(Cyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-1-((<i>R</i>)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-((<i>S</i>)-2-(2-morpholinoacetamido)propanamido)propenamide) (2018)

Selective immunoproteasome inhibition is a promising approach for treating autoimmune disorders, but optimal proteolytic active site subunit inhibition profiles remain unknown. We reveal here our design of peptide epoxyketone-based selective low molecular mass polypeptide-7 (LMP7) and multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit-1 (MECL-1) subunit inhibitors. Utilizing these and our previously disclosed low molecular mass polypeptide-2 (LMP2) inhibitor, we demonstrate a requirement of dual LMP7/LMP2 or LMP7/MECL-1 subunit inhibition profiles for potent cytokine expression inhibition and in vivo efficacy in an inflammatory disease model. These and additional findings toward optimized solubility led the design and selection of KZR-616 disclosed here and presently in clinical trials for treatment of rheumatic disease.
Electroactive polymer-based spatial light modulator with high reliability and fast response speed (2011)

An electroactive polymer (EAP)-based MOEMS spatial light modulator (SLM), which shows high reliability and fast response speed, is reported in this work. The reliability is achieved by designing the SLM without direct contact between electrodes and deformable EAP surface; while the fast response speed is obtained by optimizing the microstructure of the EAP material. The concept of SLM, material optimization approach, fabrication processes, as well as characterization methods, are described. The SLM is driven by relatively low voltage, which is 200 V dc and 60 V ac and the response time is 35 μs. The manufactured SLM shows no degradation or breakdown after millions of actuation cycles, indicating a good reliability of the device.
Identity of maleate-stimulated glutaminase with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in rat kidney. (1975)

Gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase was purified from rat kidney by a procedure involving Lubrol extraction, acetone precipitation, ammonium sulfate fractionation, treatment with bromelain, and column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-100. The final preparation (enzyme III), which exhibits a specific activity about 8-fold higher than that of the purified rat kidney transpeptidase previously obtained in this laboratory (enzyme I), was apparently homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Enzyme III is a glycoprotein containing 10% hexose, 7% aminohexose, and 1.5% sialic acid; a tentative molecular weight value of about 70,000 was obtained by gel filtration. Enzyme III has a much lower molecular weight and a different amino acid and carbohydrate content than the less active rat kidney transpeptidase preparation previously obtained, but obtained, but the catalytic properties of these preparations are virtually identical. It is suggested that bromelain treatment may liberate the transpeptidase from a brush border complex that contains other proteins. An improved method is described for the isolation of the higher molecular weight form of the enzyme (enzyme I) in which affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sephrose is employed. The purified transpeptidase (enzyme III) is similar to the phosphate-independent maleate-stimulated glutaminase preparation obtained from rat kidney by Katunuma and colleagues with respect to amino acid and carbohydrate content, apparent molecular weight, and relative transpeptidase and maleate-stimulated "glutaminase" activities. Both of these enzyme preparations are much more active in transpeptidation reactions with glutathione and related gamma-glutamyl compounds than with glutamine. In the absence of maleate, the enzyme catalyzes the utilization of glutamine (by conversion to gamma-glutamylglutamine, glutamate, and ammonia) at about 2% of the rate observed for catalysis of transpeptidation between glutathione and glycylglycine; the utilization of glutamine occurs about 8 times more rapidly in the presence of 0.1 M maleate. The transpeptidation and maleate-stimulated glutaminase reactions catalyzed by both enzyme preprations are inhibited by 5 mM L-serine in the presence of 5 mM sodium borate. Studies on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and maleate-stimulated glutaminase in the kidneys of fetal rats, newborn rats, and rats after weaning showed parallel development of these activities. The evidence reported here and earlier work in this laboratory strongly support the conclusion that maleate-stimulated glutaminase activity is a catalytic function of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The studies on the ontogeny of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and other data are considered in relation to the proposal that this enzyme is involved in amino acid and peptide transport. Its possible role in renal formation of ammonia is also discussed.
Human Abnormal Gait Modeling via Hidden Markov Model (2007)

This paper presents a method for modeling human abnormal gait using hidden Markov model under the framework of a shoe-integrated system. The intelligent system focuses on modeling the following patterns: normal gait, toe in and toe out gait abnormalities. In the developed prototype, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) consisting of three-dimensional gyroscopes and accelerometers is employed to measure angular velocities and accelerations of human foot. Four force sensing resistors (FSRs) and one bend sensor are arranged on a insole of each foot for force and flexion information acquisition. The proposed method is mainly based on principal component analysis (PCA) for feature generation and hidden Markov model (HMM) for multi-pattern modeling. The "similarity distance measure" criterion is introduced to do model-to- model evaluation. Experiment results demonstrate the proposed approach is robust and efficient in detecting abnormal gait patterns. Our goal is to provide a cost-effective system for detecting gait abnormalities in order to assist persons with abnormal gaits in developing the normal walking pattern in their daily life.
Lipoprotein(a) (1999)

Lipoprotein(a) is an atherogenic, cholesterol ester-rich lipoprotein of unknown physiological function. The unusual species distribution of lipoprotein(a) and the extreme polymorphic nature of its distinguishing apolipoprotein component, apolipoprotein(a), have provided unique challenges for the investigation of its biochemistry, genetics, metabolism and atherogenicity. Some fundamental questions regarding this enigmatic lipoprotein have escaped elucidation, as will be highlighted in this review.
Relationship between molecular orientation and draw ratio of polypropylene monofilaments (1965)

The following empirical equation was derived for the relationship between molecular orientation α and permanent extension ratio λ of polypropylene monofilaments: α = 0.91(1 − 1/λ). The permanent extension ratio λ is the measured draw ratio adjusted to 1 when the orientation is zero. The standard deviation of the data points for 44 experimental filaments having different molecular weights, molecular weight distributions, and isotacticities about the line described by the equation was only 0.03. This equation is similar to a general empirical relationship between birefringence and draw ratio for several synthetic fibers derived by De Vries.
Garlic or JalapeñO Peppers for Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection (1999)

This study did not support a role for either garlic or jalapeños in the treatment of H. pylori infection. Caution must be used when attempting to extrapolate data from in vitro studies to the in vivo condition.
Magnetically Recoverable, Thermostable, Hydrophobic DNA/Silica Encapsulates and Their Application as Invisible Oil Tags (2014)

A method to encapsulate DNA in heat-resistant and inert magnetic particles was developed. An inexpensive synthesis technique based on co-precipitation was utilized to produce Fe2O3 nanoparticles, which were further functionalized with ammonium groups. DNA was adsorbed on this magnetic support, and the DNA/magnet nanocluster was surface coated with a dense silica layer by sol-gel chemistry. The materials were further surface modified with hexyltrimethoxysilane to achieve particle dispersibility in hydrophobic liquids. The hydrodynamic particle sizes were evaluated by analytical disc centrifugation, and the magnetic properties were investigated by vibrating sample magnetometry. The obtained nanoengineered encapsulates showed good dispersion abilities in various nonaqueous fluids and did not affect the optical properties of the hydrophobic dispersant when present at concentrations lower than 10(3) μg/L. Upon magnetic separation and particle dissolution, the DNA could be recovered unharmed and was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing. DNA encapsulated within the magnetic particles was stable for 2 years in decalin at room temperature, and the stability was further tested at elevated temperatures. The new magnetic DNA/silica encapsulates were utilized to developed a low-cost platform for the tracing/tagging of oils and oil-derived products, requiring 1 μg/L=1 ppb levels of the taggant and allowing quantification of taggant concentration on a logarithmic scale. The procedure was tested for the barcoding of a fuel (gasoline), a cosmetic oil (bergamot oil), and a food grade oil (extra virgin olive oil), being able to verify the authenticity of the products.
Estimation Strategy for a Series of Grinding Cycles in Batch Production (2008)

Typical grinding operations in batch production are characterized by multiple data streams sampled at distinct intervals. A unique estimation strategy is proposed for integrating rapidly sampled sensor signals with postprocess inspection data from a series of grinding cycles. After a nonlinear state-space model is derived from existing analytical models, system observability is tested for various combinations of sensors and measurement settings. A multirate simultaneous state and parameter estimation scheme is developed based on extended Kalman filters for real-time estimation of the model parameters and part quality. Results from case studies demonstrate that the proposed scheme enables challenging estimation tasks to be undertaken that cannot be performed using traditional approaches.
Extensions to Pedigree Analysis (1975)

A graph theoretic definition of pedigrees is given and a distinction drawn between simple and complex pedigrees. Algorithms are presented to calculate the likeihood of any kind of pedigree, assuming only segregation at a finite set of loci, nonassortative mating and no environmental correlations; multiple births and consanguineous marriages are explicity allowed for. The formulation given can lead to more powerful genetic counselling, segregation analysis and linkage analysis.
Evaluation of <sup>177</sup>Lu-Dotatate treatment in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors and prognostic factors (2020)

Overall survival was inversely proportional to previous toxicity, tumor grade and the presence of bone metastasis and directly proportional to matching lesion findings between Octreoscan and computed tomography pre-PRRT and primary tumor and metastasis surgery.
Elements of Economics. (1948)

Journal Article Elements of Economics Get access Elements of Economics. By EDMUND WHITTAKER. (New York and London: Longmans, Green, 1946. Pp. xx + 393. 18s. U.) Austin Robinson Austin Robinson Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 58, Issue 229, 1 March 1948, Pages 104–108, https://doi.org/10.2307/2226350 Published: 01 March 1948
Angle Domain Average and CWT for Fault Detection of Gear Crack (2008)

Run-up and run-down are of particular interest in condition monitoring of gearbox as they highlight many unobservable system faults. However, varying speed machinery faults detection is fraught with difficulties due to non-stationary machine vibration. Fixed time sampling cannot cope with the varying rotational frequency of the machine, resulting in increasing leakage error and spectral smearing. In order to process the non-stationary vibration signals during run-up and run-down of gears drive effectively, the angle domain average (ADA) technique is combined with the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), which is applied to vibration analysis of gear for the detection of failure. Firstly, the vibration signal is sampled at constant time increments and then is re-sampled at constant angle increments. Therefore, the time domain non-stationary signal is converted into angle domain stationary one. In the end, the re-sampled signals are analyzed using continuous wavelet transform. The experimental results show that the presented method can effectively diagnose the faults of the gear crack.
Using GaN FETs for High Power RF Switches (2008)

GaN FET technology is facilitating the development of a new level of high power solid state switching performance. FET switches are now obtaining RF power handling levels comparable and even exceeding conventional PIN and mechanical switches up thru microwave frequencies while still offering the traditional advantages common to GaAs switches.
High fidelity DNA synthesis by the<i>Thermus aquaticus</i>DNA polymerase (1990)

We demonstrate that despite lacking a 3'----5' proofreading exonuclease, the Thermus aquaticus (Taq) DNA polymerase can catalyze highly accurate DNA synthesis in vitro. Under defined reaction conditions, the error rate per nucleotide polymerized at 70 degrees C can be as low as 10(-5) for base substitution errors and 10(-6) for frameshift errors. The frequency of mutations produced during a single round of DNA synthesis of the lac Z alpha gene by Taq polymerase responds to changes in dNTP concentration, pH, and the concentration of MgCl2 relative to the total concentration of deoxynucleotide triphosphates present in the reaction. Both base substitution and frameshift error rates of less than 1/100,000 were observed at pH 5-6 (70 degrees C) or when MgCl2 and deoxynucleotide triphosphates were present at equimolar concentrations. These high fidelity reaction conditions for DNA synthesis by the Taq polymerase may be useful for specialized uses of DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction.
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis: A review of 100 patients (1988)

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent used intravenously or orally in the treatment of both malignant and nonneoplastic diseases. A known adverse effect of such treatment is hemorrhagic cystitis. A series of 100 patients with hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide was studied. Major symptoms were gross hematuria (78%) and irritative voiding symptoms (45%). Microhematuria developed in 93% of patients. Hemorrhagic cystitis developed at significantly lower doses and shorter durations of therapy in patients treated intravenously than in patients treated orally. Cystectomy was required in nine patients and bladder cancer developed in five. Urine cytologic study, urinalysis, and cystoscopy are important in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic cystitis, and these studies plus periodic excretory urography are important for surveillance. In addition, new methods of protecting against the urotoxicity are available.