gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning and functional expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> of a cyanobacterial gene for lycopene cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of β‐carotene (1993)

Carotenoids with cyclic end groups are essential components of the photosynthetic membrane in all known oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. These yellow pigments serve the vital role of protecting against potentially lethal photo-oxidative damage. Many of the enzymes and genes of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in cyanobacteria, algae and plants remain to be isolated or identified. We have cloned a cyanobacterial gene encoding lycopene cyclase, an enzyme that converts the acyclic carotenoid lycopene to the bicyclic molecule beta-carotene. The gene was identified through the use of an experimental herbicide, 2-(4-methylphenoxy)triethylamine hydrochloride (MPTA), that prevents the cyclization of lycopene in plants and cyanobacteria. Chemically-induced mutants of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 were selected for resistance to MPTA, and a mutation responsible for this resistance was mapped to a genomic DNA region of 200 bp by genetic complementation of the resistance in wild-type cells. A 1.5 kb genomic DNA fragment containing this MPTA-resistance mutation was expressed in a lycopene-accumulating strain of Escherichia coli. The conversion of lycopene to beta-carotene in these cells demonstrated that this fragment encodes the enzyme lycopene cyclase. The results indicate that a single gene product, designated lcy, catalyzes both of the cyclization reactions that are required to produce beta-carotene from lycopene, and prove that this enzyme is a target site of the herbicide MPTA. The cloned cyanobacterial lcy gene hybridized well with genomic DNA from eukaryotic algae, thus it will enable the identification and cloning of homologous genes for lycopene cyclase in algae and plants.
[no title] (1998)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.
Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Response of a Single Gold Nanorod near Its Surface Plasmon Resonance (2011)

The ultrafast optical nonlinearity of an optically characterized single gold nanorod is investigated around its surface plasmon resonance, by combining a far-field spatial modulation technique with a high sensitivity pump-probe setup. The spectrally and temporally dependent response is quantitatively interpreted in terms of the bulklike optical nonlinearity enhanced by the plasmonic effect. The plasmon resonance dynamics is shown to be mostly governed by nonequilibrium electron and phonon processes. Their contributions to the nonlinear optical response of a single metal nano-object are elucidated, and the latter is connected to the nonlinearities of ensembles.
The Inter-operating Mechanism of the Alliance-Collaboration-Oriented Dynamic Grid Workflow (2007)

In order to achieve the business-process-oriented alliance collaboration for virtual enterprise (VE), the inter-operating mechanism of the business-process-model-driven (BPMD) dynamic grid workflow, which is made of the grid workflow scheduling model (GWSM) and the grid workflow mapping model (GWMM) and the business process selection model (BPSM), is put forth in this paper. GWSM applies the alliance global workflow engine (AGWE) and the enterprise global workflow engine (EGWE), whose service components run on the heterogeneous platform, and the local sub-workflow engine (LSWE) running on the same platform, to manage the alliance workflow and to support enterprise application integration (EAI). GWMM is layered into the business process (BP) layer, the business workflow (BW) layer, the abstract workflow (AW) layer and the executing workflow (EW) layer to solve the mapping from the complex business process onto the executing workflow. BPSM is advised to evaluate, dynamically select and share the enterprise business process among the partners.
Distinct Apoptotic Responses Imparted by c-myc and max (1998)

Abstract The c-myc oncoprotein accelerates programmed cell death (apoptosis) after growth factor deprivation or pharmacological insult in many cell lines. We have shown that max, the obligate c-myc heterodimeric partner protein, also promotes apoptosis after serum withdrawal in NIH3T3 fibroblasts or cytokine deprivation in interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent 32D murine myeloid cells. We now show that c-myc– and max-overexpressing 32D cells differ in the nature of their apoptotic responses after IL-3 removal or treatment with chemotherapeutic compounds. In the presence of IL-3, c-myc overexpression enhances the sensitivity of 32D cells to Etoposide (Sigma, St Louis, MO), Adriamycin (Pharmacia, Columbus, OH), and Camptothecin (Sigma), whereas max overexpression increases sensitivity only to Camptothecin. Drug treatment of c-myc–overexpressing cells in the absence of IL-3 did not alter the spectrum of drug sensitivity other than to additively accelerate cell death. In contrast, enhanced sensitivity to Adriamycin, Etoposide, and Taxol (Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) was revealed in max-overexpressing cells concurrently deprived of IL-3. Differential rates of apoptosis were not strictly correlated with the ability of the drugs to promote G1 or G2/M arrest. Ectopic expression of Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL blocked drug-induced apoptosis in both cell lines. In contrast, whereas Bcl-2 blocked apoptosis in both cell lines in response to IL-3 withdrawal, Bcl-XL blocked apoptosis in max-overexpressing cells but not in c-myc–overexpressing cells. These results provide mechanistic underpinnings for the idea that c-myc and max modulate distinct apoptotic pathways. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
Robust power allocation algorithms for MIMO OFDM systems with imperfect CSI (2005)

This paper presents a Bayesian approach to the design of transmit prefiltering matrices in closed-loop schemes robust to channel estimation errors. The algorithms are derived for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Two different optimization criteria are analyzed: the minimization of the mean square error and the minimization of the bit error rate. In both cases, the transmitter design is based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the conditional mean of the channel response, given the channel estimate. The performance of the proposed algorithms is analyzed, and their relationship with existing algorithms is indicated. As with other previously proposed solutions, the minimum bit error rate algorithm converges to the open-loop transmission scheme for very poor CSI estimates.
Size Matters: Influence of the Size of Nanoparticles on Their Interactions with Ligands Immobilized on the Solid Surface (2010)

The correlation between the size of biotinylated nanoparticles and their affinity in relation to interactions with the solid surface was investigated. The silica particles with a diameter of 50-200 nm containing amino groups on the surface were labeled with different quantities of biotin. The affinity properties of biotinylated nanoparticles were studied using a Biacore 3000 instrument equipped with a streptavidin-coated sensor chip (SA chip). It was shown that the increase in the particle size from 50 to 200 nm reduced the affinity (K(D)) of biotin-streptavidin interactions from 1.2 x 10(-12) to 1.2 x 10(-10) M. It was found that the particles with higher concentrations of immobilized biotin on particle surfaces demonstrated stronger binding with streptavidin.
The Scars of Childhood Adversity: Minor Stress Sensitivity and Depressive Symptoms in Remitted Recurrently Depressed Adult Patients (2014)

Trial A: Nederlands Trial Register NTR1907 Trial B: Nederlands Trial Register NTR2503.
A Laboratory Model Biofilm Fermenter: Design and Initial Trial on a Single Species Biofilm (2005)

The LMBF generates and maintains a single-species oral model biofilm to a steady state and enables in vitro tests of disinfectant mouthwashes in simulated clinical use. It should be usable for more advanced tests of multiple species biofilms.
Glycosidic Enzyme Activity in Pea Tissue and Pea-<i>Fusarium solani</i> Interactions (1980)

Membrane barriers which prevent direct contact between Fusarium solani and pea endocarp tissue prevent fungal spores from inducing phytoalexin production. Conversely, preinduced host resistance responses are not readily transported from the plant across the membrane barrier to Fusarium macroconidia.Crude enzyme extracts from pea endocarp tissues partially degrade Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli cell walls. Activities of the glycosidic enzymes, chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, chitosanase, beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, beta-D-glucosidase, alpha-D-glucosidase, and alpha-D-mannosidase, were detected in pea endocarp tissue. If pods are challenged with Fusarium spores or chitosan, the chitinase activity of the infected tissue remains higher than water-treated pods 0.5 to 6 hours after treatment. The beta-1,3-glucanase activity increases within 6 hours in both inoculated and control tissue. Chitosanase activity was lower in tissue treated with Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, f. sp. phaseoli or chitosan than in water-treated control tissue. Thus, the pea tissue contains glycosidic enzymes with the potential to degrade the major compounds of the Fusarium cell walls.
Conservative Signed/Unsigned Type Inference for Binaries using Minimum Cut (2014)

Recovering variable types or other structural information from binaries is useful for reverse engineering in security, and to facilitate other kinds of analysis on binaries. However such reverse engineering tasks often lack precise problem definitions; some information is lost during compilation, and existing tools can exhibit a variety of errors. As a step in the direction of more principled reverse engineering algorithms, we isolate a sub-task of type inference, namely determining whether each integer variable is declared as signed or unsigned. The difficulty of this task arises from the fact that signedness information in a binary, when present at all, is associated with operations rather than with data locations. We propose a graph-based algorithm in which variables represent nodes and edges connect variables with the same signedness. In a program without casts or conversions, signed and unsigned variables would form distinct connected components, but when casts are present, signed and unsigned variables will be connected. Reasoning that developers prefer source code without casts, we compute a minimum cut between signed and unsigned variables, which corresponds to a minimal set of casts required for a legal typing. We evaluate this algorithm by erasing signedness information from debugging symbols, and testing how well our tool can recover it. Applying an intra-procedural version of the algorithm to the GNU Coreutils, we we observe that many variables are unconstrained as to signedness, but that it almost all cases our tool recovers either the type from the original source, or a type that yields the same program behavior.
Effect of Single Amino Acid Substitution on Oxidative Modifications of the Parkinson’s Disease-Related Protein, DJ-1 (2011)

Mutations in the gene encoding DJ-1 have been identified in patients with familial Parkinson's disease (PD) and are thought to inactivate a neuroprotective function. Oxidation of the sulfhydryl group to a sulfinic acid on cysteine residue C106 of DJ-1 yields the "2O " form, a variant of the protein with enhanced neuroprotective function. We hypothesized that some familial mutations disrupt DJ-1 activity by interfering with conversion of the protein to the 2O form. To address this hypothesis, we developed a novel quantitative mass spectrometry approach to measure relative changes in oxidation at specific sites in mutant DJ-1 as compared with the wild-type protein. Treatment of recombinant wild-type DJ-1 with a 10-fold molar excess of H(2)O(2) resulted in a robust oxidation of C106 to the sulfinic acid, whereas this modification was not detected in a sample of the familial PD mutant M26I exposed to identical conditions. Methionine oxidized isoforms of wild-type DJ-1 were depleted, presumably as a result of misfolding and aggregation, under conditions that normally promote conversion of the protein to the 2O form. These data suggest that the M26I familial substitution and methionine oxidation characteristic of sporadic PD may disrupt DJ-1 function by disfavoring a site-specific modification required for optimal neuroprotective activity. Our findings indicate that a single amino acid substitution can markedly alter a protein's ability to undergo oxidative modification, and they imply that stimulating the conversion of DJ-1 to the 2O form may be therapeutically beneficial in familial or sporadic PD.
System design of event space information support utilizing CoBITs (2004)

One target of a ubiquitous computing environment is to aid users in getting necessary information and services in a situation-dependent form. We proposed a location-and orientation-based information support system using the compact battery-less information terminal (CoBIT). The CoBIT is a small, low cost communication terminal that uses only energy from the information carrier and the user. We realized an example of CoBIT, which downloads sound information and uploads users' positions and orientations along with signs from users. We emphasize the importance of focusing on event space as a first step toward realizing ubiquitous information support. We propose the use of CoBIT as a common terminal. Thereby, service embedded interactive map supported by various types of sensors and displays proposed to enhance benefits of the CoBIT.
Estimates of the relative magnitudes of the isotropic and anisotropic magnetic-dipole hyperfine interactions in alkali-metal–noble-gas systems (1998)

We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the noble-gas nuclear-spin relaxation due to the anisotropic magnetic-dipole hyperfine interaction between the noble-gas nucleus and alkali-metal valence electron vis \`a vis the already well-understood (spin-conserving) isotropic magnetic-dipole hyperfine interaction in alkali-metal--noble-gas systems. We find that, for all pairs in which the noble gas is not helium, the predicted spin-relaxation rate from the anisotropic interaction does not exceed 2.5% of the rate from the isotropic interaction, thereby not appreciably limiting the maximum noble-gas nuclear polarization attainable via spin-exchange collisions with polarized alkali-metal atoms. For alkali-metal--helium pairs, we predict that the anisotropic interaction has a slightly larger relative effect, perhaps limiting the nuclear polarization to $\ensuremath{\sim}95%$ of the electronic polarization in the Rb-${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ system; however, our confidence in the helium results is limited by a lack of knowledge of the interatomic potentials necessary for the calculation.
Numerical modeling of laser produced plasmas: the dynamics and neutron production in dense spherically symmetric plasmas (1973)

A series of numerical experiments have been conducted to investigate the dynamics and neutron production in laser irradiated, dense spherically symmetric plasmas. The results have led to the development of scalings for energy absorption, shock strength and optimum neutron production for sub-nanosecond, high energy pulses.
A sum of absolute differences implementation in FPGA hardware (2003)

In this paper we propose a new hardware unit that performs a 16/spl times/1 SAD operation. The hardware unit is intended to augment a general-purpose core. Further we show that the 16/spl times/1 SAD implementation used can be easily extended to perform the 16/spl times/16 SAD operation, which is commonly used in many multimedia standards, including MPEG-1 and MPEG-2. We have chosen to implement the 16/spl times/1 SAD operation in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), because it provides increased flexibility, sufficient performance, and faster design times. We performed simulations to validate the functionality of the 16/spl times/1 SAD implementation using the MAX+plus 11 (version 9.23 BASELINE) software from Altera and synthesis using the FPGA Express (version 3.4) software from Synopsis. Targeting the Altera's FLEX20KE family, synthesis of our 16/spl times/1 SAD unit produced the following results for area and clock frequency: 1699 look-up tables (LUT) and 197 MHz, respectively.
Representation of Three-Dimensional Digital Images (1981)

article Free Access Share on Representation of Three-Dimensional Digital Images Author: Sargur N. Srihari Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, New York Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, New YorkView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 13Issue 4Dec. 1981 pp 399–424https://doi.org/10.1145/356859.356862Published:01 December 1981Publication History 121citation2,081DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations121Total Downloads2,081Last 12 Months63Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
ShelfTorchlight: Augmenting a Shelf using a Camera Projector Unit (2010)

The search for a certain book in a library that contains many books can be a time-consuming task. Even if one finds the right shelf, one still has to browse an often huge area in the shelf. The same problem occurs when searching for a specific product in a supermarket shelf that fits one personal preferences (e.g. a allergic or diet profile). With Shelf-Torchlight we present a prototype that aims to overcome the problems when searching for a book or a product in a shelf using a mobile camera projector unit. In addition we show the advantages of semantic zooms when projecting information into theses shelves. With the miniaturization of mobile projectors, also called pico projectors, the integration of these projectors into mobile phones is now possible. These phones allow a variety of new applications evolving from the ability to expand the interaction space of the phone to the environment. The prototype described in this paper, Shelf-Torchlight, is such an application, trying to demonstrate the interaction possibilities of these new devices. A user can highlight the object she is looking for in the shelf and get additional information. 1.
Erratum (1993)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Development of Concentrating Photovoltaic-Thermal Solar Collectors (2021)

Fossil fuels have greatly improved human living standards and saved countless lives. However, today, their continued use threatens human survival, as CO2 levels rise at an unprecedented pace to levels never seen during human existence on earth. This thesis aims at gathering knowledge on solar energy in general and photovoltaic thermal (PVT) and concentrating photovoltaic thermal (C-PVT) in particular. This thesis establishes several key research questions for PVTs and C-PVT collectors and attempts to answer them. A comprehensive market study of solar thermal (ST), photovoltaic (PV) and PVT was conducted to obtain prices and performance. Simulations of the energy output around the world were conducted. A ratio between ST and PV annual output was defined to serve as a tool for comparison and plotted on a world map. A key issue for PVT collectors is how to encapsulate the solar cells in a way that, amongst other things, protects the cell from the thermal expansion of the receiver, has a high transparency, and insulates electrically while at the same time conducts the heat to the receiver. In order to be useful, this analysis must also consider the impacts on the production processes. Several prototypes were constructed, a test methodology was created, and the analysis of the results enabled several conclusions on the validity of the different silicon encapsulations methods. This thesis relies heavily on collector testing with 30 different prototypes of C-PVTs being designed and constructed. Most testing was conducted using steady state method but quasi dynamic was also carried out. From this work, several guidelines were created for the design of collectors in terms of reflector geometry, cell size, string configuration, encapsulation method and several other design aspects. These analyses were complemented with thermal simulations (COMSOL & ANSYS), string layout (LT SPICE) and evaluation of existing installations. Two novel design ideas came from this thesis work, which the author will patent in the coming year. Additionally, raytracing work has been conducted and a new reflector geometry more appropriate for C-PVTs has been found to significantly improve the annual performance. Finally, the current and future position of PVTs in the global energy market is discussed.
Heat Stroke (2002)

Knowledge of the molecular and cellular events in heat stroke has advanced steadily during the past decade. It is now known that heat stroke is associated with injury to multiple tissues and organs as a result not only of the cytotoxic effect of heat, but also of the inflammatory and coagulation responses of the patient. Altered expression of heat-shock proteins may also have a role in the pathogenesis of heat stroke. This article reviews current understanding of the pathophysiology of heat stroke and advances in therapy.
The ignition of dense DT fuel by injected triggers (1996)

The trigger conditions are presented for a scheme in which heavy ions or macroparticle impact are used to ignite a laser compressed cold fuel. The value of this scheme, in the framework of energy production, is favourable when compared with the conventional one, where ignition is provided by a central hot spot formed by the implosion process itself. In fact, the gain in this new scheme is, in principle, high enough to make the present solid state laser efficiencies nearly adequate for target compression (not repetition rate). The values of trigger energy have been deduced by extensive theoretical and computational investigations. As an example, to ignite a 200 g/cm3 DT fuel a 40 kJ ion beam burst (15 GeV bismuth) or a 12 kJ gold macroparticle (0.97 mu g, with a velocity of 5*108 cm/s) is found sufficient. These studies allow the dimensioning of possible new trigger drivers required for these applications. As the laser energy used for compression is much larger than the trigger energy, it is possible to adopt triggering drivers much less efficient than the lasers used for fuel compression, yet satisfying the reactor loop conditions
Identity-Based Encryption Secure against Selective Opening Attack. (2010)

Abstract. We present the first Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) schemes that are proven secure against selective opening attack (SOA). This means that if an adversary, given a vector of ciphertexts, adaptively corrupts some fraction of the senders, exposing not only their messages but also their coins, the privacy of the unopened messages is guaranteed. Achieving security against such attacks is well-known to be challenging and was only recently solved in the PKE case, but the techniques used there do not solve the IBE case. Our solutions illustrate two techniques to achieving SOA-secure IBE, one based on the Boyen-Waters anonymous IBE and the other based on Waters ’ dual-system approach. Security against selective-opening attack (SOA) is arguably the most paradoxical and vexing open question in the theory of encryption. Recently (and 10 years after the problem was identified), we have seen solutions [2]. These and followups [24, 22], however, have been for the case of Public-Key Encryption (PKE). Another domain where the problem arises, and is important for applications, is