gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Environmental Effects on Precision Potentiometers (1957)

Current trends in design of military equipment have imposed on precision potentiometer manufacturers the necessity of meeting rigid environmental requirements. To fulfill these requirements, the authors' company inaugurated a test program to determine causes and effects of severe environmental conditions on precision potentiometer performance. This paper is based on results obtained during three years of this program. The goals of this program were: 1) to determine the effects of increasingly severe environments on performance, 2) to determine what design changes were required to give the desired performance. Special test techniques applicable to precision potentiometers were developed and potentiometer characteristics affected by each environment were determined. Where design improvements in current models were found to be inadequate, the design of a new line of potentiometers using improved techniques and materials resulted in the desired im- provement.
Natural and Induced T Regulatory Cells in Cancer (2013)

CD4+Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells control many facets of immune responses ranging from autoimmune diseases, to inflammatory conditions, and cancer in an attempt to maintain immune homeostasis. Natural Treg (nTreg) cells develop in the thymus and constitute a critical arm of active mechanisms of peripheral tolerance particularly to self antigens. A growing body of knowledge now supports the existence of induced Treg (iTreg) cells which may derive from a population of conventional CD4+ T cells. The fork-head transcription factor (Foxp3) typically is expressed by natural CD4+ Treg cells, and thus serves as a marker to definitively identify these cells. On the contrary, there is less consensus on what constitutes iTreg cells as their precise definition has been somewhat elusive. This is in part due to their distinct phenotypes which are shaped by exposure to certain inflammatory or "assault" signals stemming from the underlying immune disorder. The "policing" activity of Treg cells tends to be uni-directional in several pathological conditions. On one end of the spectrum, Treg cell suppressive activity is beneficial by curtailing T cell response against self-antigens and allergens thus preventing autoimmune diseases and allergies. On the other end however, their inhibitory roles in limiting immune response against pseudo-self antigens as in tumors often culminates into negative outcomes. In this review, we focus on this latter aspect of Treg cell immunobiology by highlighting the involvement of nTreg cells in various animal models and human tumors. We further discuss iTreg cells, relationship with their natural counterpart, and potential co-operation between the two in modulating immune response against tumors. Lastly, we discuss studies focusing on these cells as targets for improving anti-tumor immunity.
Inter-channel nonlinearity equalization based on Volterra series in polarization-division-multiplexed WDM systems (2013)

We propose a joint inter-channel nonlinearity equalizer based on Volterra series for polarization-division-multiplexed (PDM) wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmission. The equalization effectiveness is validated through numerical simulation of 20Gbit/s PDM-16QAM Nyquist single carrier frequency division equalization (SCFDE) systems.
Factors Influencing Spectrofluorometry of Phenothiazine Drugs. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFactors Influencing Spectrofluorometry of Phenothiazine Drugs.T. J. Mellinger and C. E. KeelerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 9, 1840–1847Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60215a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60215a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Halogenation of Butyl Rubber—A Model Compound Approach (1984)

Abstract The study of the halogenation behavior of butyl rubber model compounds has brought about a better understanding of the behavior of these systems. It has been established that the presence of methyl groups, in a position B to the reaction site in the butyl rubber model compound, profoundly influences the course of halogenation. Due to the steric hindrance imposed by these groups, both the products of chlorination and bromination deviate from patterns typical of other trisubstituted alkenes. In the case of chlorination, this deviation is demonstrated by the absence of addition products of chlorine across the double bond. In the case of bromination reactions, the change in product distribution is even more dramatic. Thus, substitution products normally not observed in bromination reactions of other trisubstituted alkenes become predominant products found in yields of between 70–90% depending on the precise reaction conditions. The behavior of the butyl model compound appears to be entirely consistent with the behavior of butyl rubber itself; the model compound approach is therefore a valuable tool for use in the basic study of this type of system.
Darstellung und Eigenschaften einiger β‐Oxyäthyl‐ und β‐Chloräthyl‐Verbindungen (1955)

Abstract Darstellung und Eigenschaften einiger [β‐Oxy‐äthyl]‐ und [β‐Chlor‐äthyl]‐sulfide und ‐äther sowie des [β‐Chlor‐äthyl]‐ p ‐tolyl‐sulfons und β‐Chlor‐äthan‐α‐sulfonsäure‐chlorids werden beschrieben.
A protein kinase assay based on FRET between quantum dots and fluorescently-labeled peptides (2013)

A novel protein kinase assay was developed, based on FRET between QDs and fluorescently-labeled substrate peptides. The negatively charged QDs recognize the change in net charge of the peptide upon phosphorylation. Despite its simple mechanism, this assay is sensitive and robust enough to be applied to the evaluation of protein kinase inhibitors.
Learning inverse folding from millions of predicted structures (2022)

Abstract We consider the problem of predicting a protein sequence from its backbone atom coordinates. Machine learning approaches to this problem to date have been limited by the number of available experimentally determined protein structures. We augment training data by nearly three orders of magnitude by predicting structures for 12M protein sequences using AlphaFold2. Trained with this additional data, a sequence-to-sequence transformer with invariant geometric input processing layers achieves 51% native sequence recovery on structurally held-out backbones with 72% recovery for buried residues, an overall improvement of almost 10 percentage points over existing methods. The model generalizes to a variety of more complex tasks including design of protein complexes, partially masked structures, binding interfaces, and multiple states.
Modeling of Carbon Nanotube Actuators: Part I — Modeling and Electrical Properties (2008)

The outstanding electrical and mechanical properties of single carbon nanotubes (CNT) are the motivation for an intensive research in various fields of application. The actuation effect constitutes the foundation for any application as a multifunctional material and within the field of adaptronics. The effect is in the majority of cases investigated by a CNT configuration of stochastically aligned CNT, so-called bucky-paper, in an electrolytic environment. The article presents an analytical model for a detailed understanding and investigation of the actuation process. The complete description and parameterization of the model is documented in two parts. In the first part the model is developed, the test setup for the model validation and parameter identification is elucidated, and the electrical parameters are determined. In the second part the mechanical system and the actuating effect will be examined. Finally the applicability of the model will be examined.
Digital halftoning as 2-D delta-sigma modulation (2002)

The error diffusion algorithm for digital halftoning is equivalent in form to a noise-shaping feedback coder, a class of delta-sigma modulator. The white noise assumption of the quantizer error is known to be false; in fact, the quantizer error is seen to be highly correlated with the input image. To account for this correlation, we use a gain model for the quantizer. This model accurately predicts the edge sharpening and noise shaping caused by all error diffusion schemes. It also permits an extension of error diffusion to oversampled imagery.
Blockchain Based Energy Trading (2018)

In 21 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> century one of the revolutionary technologies is Blockchain. It can bring regularity ideas to public and private sectors which improve the present management failures. To permit peer-to-peer transactions, Blockchiain maintains continuously growing list of records as a distributive database. In future, the existing conventional energy sources cannot meet the electricity demand. The renewable electricity generation is growing to balance supply and demand and accounts to share in the overall power supply. In the concept of smart cities development, The energy distribution without any intermediaries has a major concern. This emerging blockchain technology provides distributive and decentralized solutions for energy transactions. In this paper, a permissioned blockchain that uses hyperledger fabric to provide a peer-to-peer energy transacting network in order to accommodate the growing volume of renewable energy supply.
Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials IV. further developments of the general theory (1948)

Abstract The equations of motion, boundary conditions and stress-strain relations for a highly elastic material can be expressed in terms of the stored-energy function. This has been done in part I of this series (Rivlin 1948 a), for both the cases of compressible and incompressible materials, following the methods given by E. & F. Cosserat for compressible materials. The stored-energy function may be defined for a particular material in terms of the invariants of strain. The form in which the equations of motion, etc., are deduced, in the previous paper, does not permit the evaluation of the forces necessary to produce a specified deformation unless the actual expression for the stored-energy function in terms of the scalar invariants of the strain is introduced. In the present paper, the equations are transformed into forms more suitable for carrying out such an explicit evaluation. As examples, the surface forces necessary to produce simple shear in a cuboid of either compressible or incompressible material and those required to produce simple torsion in a right-circular cylinder of incompressible material are derived.
Development of a multi-frequency airborne radar instrumentation package for ice sheet mapping and imaging (2010)

We have developed improved versions of three different radar systems and integrated them as an airborne instrumentation suite for sounding and imaging Polar ice sheets. The first instrument consists of a multi-channel, coherent, pulsed radar operating at VHF with up to 20 MHz bandwidth. This instrument is capable of sounding a few-kilometer thick ice while flying at altitudes up to 10 km above mean sea level. The second instrument is designed to operate at UHF using a burst of narrow-bandwidth signals to digitally synthesize a bandwidth of in excess of 300 MHz. This apparatus is used to measure internal layers of the ice sheet to a depth close to 100 m. The third component to the instrumentation package is based on a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar, which operates at microwave (Ku band) frequencies with up to 1 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth. This radar set is used to measure the ice sheet surface elevation profile with centimeter accuracy. We are presenting a description of each system, with emphasis on the VHF depth sounder. We also present sample field test results obtained during the 2009 austral summer season in Antarctica, as a validation of the performance of the instrument package.
A Fully Integrated Filter Circuit for VCRs (1986)

In order to miniaturize VCRs, various components have been integrated with semiconductor circuits, but to date video filters such as luminance LPFs, emphasis filters, and chrominance BPFs have not been integrated. We have recently developed an integrated filter circuit for processing video signals. The new circuit was fabricated using a new bipolar process called the Hiplanar process and has been applied to a dynamic emphasis IC for VCRs. Because this filter circuit operates up to 10 MHz, any video filter can be integrated by the same means.
Model predictive control of the internal voltages of a five-level active neutral point clamped converter (2012)

In this paper, model predictive control (MPC) is introduced to control the internal voltages of an active neutral-point clamped five-level converter (ANPC-5L). The proposed control scheme aims to keep the neutral point and phase capacitors voltages of the converter within given hysteresis bounds while at the same time minimizing the switching frequency. An additional benefit of the controlled voltages is a reduced level of output current distortion. The large number of redundant states that exist in multi-level converters makes it possible for all the objectives to be achieved. A short horizon is employed in order to ensure a manageable level of complexity. At the same time extrapolation is used to bring the performance to the desired level. Simulation results that substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed approach are presented.
Control of Transferrin Receptor Expression via Nitric Oxide-mediated Modulation of Iron-regulatory Protein 2 (1999)

Cellular iron storage and uptake are coordinately regulated post-transcriptionally by cytoplasmic factors, iron-regulatory proteins 1 and 2 (IRP-1 and IRP-2). When iron in the intracellular transit pool is scarce, IRPs bind to iron-responsive elements (IREs) in the 5'-untranslated region of the ferritin mRNA and 3'-untranslated region of the transferrin receptor (TfR) mRNA. Such binding inhibits translation of ferritin mRNA and stabilizes the mRNA for TfR, whereas the opposite scenario develops when iron in the transit pool is plentiful. However, we (Richardson, D. R., Neumannova, V., Nagy, E., and Ponka, P. (1995) Blood 86, 3211-3219) and others reported that the binding of IRPs to IREs can also be modulated by nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we showed that a short exposure of RAW 264.7 cells (a murine macrophage cell line) to the NO(+) donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), caused a significant decrease in IRP-2 binding to the IREs followed by IRP-2 degradation and that these changes occurred without affecting IRP-1 binding. The SNP-mediated degradation of IRP-2 in RAW 264.7 cells could be prevented by MG-132 or lactacystin, known inhibitors of proteasome-dependent protein degradation. A SNP-mediated decrease in IRP-2 binding and levels was associated with a dramatic decrease in TfR mRNA levels and an increase in ferritin synthesis. Importantly, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 prevented the SNP-mediated decrease in TfR mRNA levels. These observations suggest that IRP-2 can play an important role in controlling transferrin receptor expression.
Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin andcis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with neoplastic diseases (1976)

Forty-eight patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors were treated with a combination of adriamycin 50 mg/m2, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum 50 mg/m2, every 2 to 4 weeks. Fifteen patients responded with a greater than 50% regression of measurable tumor; six with lung cancer; one, carcinoma of the breast; one, ovary; one, cervix; one, prostate; one, testis; one, maxillary sinus; and one, salivary gland, plus one patient with chemodectoma and one with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Responses lasted 1 to 18 months, with a median of 6 months. An additional six patients, including two with adenocarcinoma of the lung three with carcinoma of the cervix, and one with embryonal cell testicular carcinoma improved (25-50% regression of the tumor). Toxicity encountered included myelosuppression, azotemia, alopecia, nausea, vomitting, and stomatitis. Severe hematologic toxicity occurred only in those with compromised marrow function or with concurrent active hepatitis. Major potentiation of toxicity by the combination does not appear to have occurred.
Use of freshwater rotifer <i>Brachionus calyciflorus</i> in screening assay for potential endocrine disruptors (2000)

Abstract eports of the effectsofendocrinedisruptorsonaquatic invertebrates arebecoming increasingly common. However, little is known about the endocrine systems of most aquatic invertebrates, limiting the development of assays based on endocrine mechanisms. As a result, endocrine disruption is often inferred through the effects caused by the chemical of interest, making it difficult to rule out other mechanisms of toxicity. To be a good candidate for an endocrine disruptor, effects should be observed in processes known to be under endocrine control, at life stages where endocrine signals are known to be active, and at concentrations below acute and chronic toxic effects. We developed a 96-h reproductive assay using the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus to screen for potential endocrine disruptors and examined cadmium, chlorpyrifos, naphthol, pentachlorophenol, estradiol, methoprene, precocene, nonylphenol, flutamide, and testosterone for effects on asexual and sexual reproduction. Flutamide, testosterone, and nonylphenol inhibited fertilization of sexual females at concentrations of 1, 10, and 50 μg/L, respectively. The fertilization no-observable-effect concentrations (NOECs) for these compounds were 5 to 200 times lower than previously described reproduction NOECs for B. calyciflorus. Sexual reproduction was inhibited with no effects on asexual reproduction, increasing the likelihood that these specific reproductive effects occurred through an endocrine mechanism. Rotifer reproduction assays may be a useful, rapid, and inexpensive method for screening compounds suspected to have endocrine disrupting activity in aquatic invertebrates.
Top-k Spatial Joins of Probabilistic Objects (2008)

Probabilistic data have recently become popular in applications such as scientific and geospatial databases. For images and other spatial datasets, probabilistic values can capture the uncertainty in extent and class of the objects in the images. Relating one such dataset to another by spatial joins is an important operation for data management systems. We consider probabilistic spatial join (PSJ) queries, which rank the results according to a score that incorporates both the uncertainties associated with the objects and the distances between them. We present algorithms for two kinds of PSJ queries: Threshold PSJ queries, which return all pairs that score above a given threshold, and top-k PSJ queries, which return the k top-scoring pairs. For threshold PSJ queries, we propose a plane sweep algorithm that, because it exploits the special structure of the problem, runs in 0(n (log n + k)) time, where n is the number of points and k is the number of results. We extend the algorithms to 2-D data and to top-k PSJ queries. To further speed up top-k PSJ queries, we develop a scheduling technique that estimates the scores at the level of blocks, then hands the blocks to the plane sweep algorithm. By finding high-scoring pairs early, the scheduling allows a large portion of the datasets to be pruned. Experiments demonstrate speed-ups of two orders of magnitude.
Improvement of coercive force in Fe-Ce·Didymium-B powder prepared by conventional powder techniques (1987)

Enhancements of the coercive force (iHc) of Fe- (33-38)wt%(5Ce'Didymium)-1wt%B powders were tried by chemical polishing and the several annealing methods. The chemical polishing lowers the coercive force of powders by creating the etch pits on the surfaces of the ground powders. The optimum process to prepare the powders with good magnetic properties was: the green compacts with magnetic alignment were annealed at 1050°C, ground into powders, and underwent 2nd- annealing. The anisotropic powders resulted in the coercive force of 7-8 kOe. Utilizing the presently prepared powders, the anisotropic resin-bonded magnets are formed with (BH)max of nearly 8 MGOe. This will be then the first report to demonstrate that the anisotropic bonded magnets can be produced by the conventional powder techniques.
Anatomy of a Robot (2003)

Introduction Acknowledgments Chapter 1: A Brief History of Walking Machines Computer Control Summary Chapter 2: Walking Gaits Stability Adaptability (Tripod Gait, Wave Gait, Degrees of Freedom per Leg) Summary Chapter 3: Tools, Test Equipment, and Materials Test Equipment Construction Materials Summary
Reducing registration traffic for multitier personal communications services (1997)

This paper presents an architecture for the multitier personal communications system (PCS) and intelligent algorithms for mobility management (specifically, the registration procedure). The multitier PCS system architecture considered in this study integrates three individual tiers: a high-tier system, a licensed low tier, and a unlicensed low tier. These three tiers are integrated into a single system by using a single home-location register (HLR) or the multitier HLR (MHLR). Under this architecture, we describe a registration protocol, where the mobile station (MS) is allowed to register to the MHLR on only one tier at any given time. We propose several intelligent algorithms for the MS to determine whether to perform registration or not in various situations to reduce the registration traffic.
TID hash joins (1994)

TID hash joins are a simple and memory-efficient method for processing large join queries. They are based on standard hash join algorithms but only store TID/key pairs in the hash table instead of entire ttrples. This typically reduces memory requirements by more than art order of magnitude bringing substantial benefits. In particular, performance for joins on Gigs-Byte relations can substantially be improved by reducing the amount of disk f/O to a large extent. Furthermore, efficient processing of mixed multi-user workloads consisting of both join queries and OLTP transactions is supported. We present a detailed simulation study to analyze the performance of TID hash joins. In particular, we identify the conditions under which TID hash joins are most beneficial. Furthermore, we compare TID hash join with adaptive hash join algorithms that have been proposed to deal with mixed workloads.