gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Drug Release and Matrix Degradation of Electrospun Poly(<scp>dl</scp>-lactide) Fibers with Paracetanol Inoculation (2006)

This study was aimed at assessing the potential use of electrospun fibers as drug delivery vehicles with focus on the different diameters and drug contents to control drug release and polymer fiber degradation. A drug-loaded solvent-casting polymer film was made with an average thickness of 100 microm for comparative purposes. DSC analysis indicated that electrospun fibers had a lower T(g) but higher transition enthalpy than solvent-casting polymer film due to the inner stress and high degree of alignment and orientation of polymer chains caused by the electrospinning process. Inoculation of paracetanol led to a further slight decrease in the T(g) and transition enthalpy. An in vitro drug release study showed that a pronounced burst release or steady release phase was initially observed followed by a plateau or gradual release during the rest time. Fibers with a larger diameter exhibited a longer period of nearly zero order release, and higher drug encapsulation led to a more significant burst release after incubation. In vitro degradation showed that the smaller diameter and higher drug entrapment led to more significant changes of morphologies. The electrospun fiber mat showed almost no molecular weight reduction, but mass loss was observed for fibers with small and medium size, which was characterized with surface erosion and inconsistent with the ordinarily polymer degrading form. Further wetting behavior analysis showed that the high water repellent property of electrospun fibers led to much slower water penetration into the fiber mat, which may contribute to the degradation profiles of surface erosion. The specific degradation profile and adjustable drug release behaviors by variation of fiber characteristics made the electrospun nonwoven mat a potential drug delivery system rather than polymer films and particles.
Repositioning of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor GW8510 as a ribonucleotide reductase M2 inhibitor to treat human colorectal cancer (2016)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in males and females in the world. It is of immediate importance to develop novel therapeutics. Human ribonucleotide reductase (RRM1/RRM2) has an essential role in converting ribonucleoside diphosphate to 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate to maintain the homeostasis of nucleotide pools. RRM2 is a prognostic biomarker and predicts poor survival of CRC. In addition, increased RRM2 activity is associated with malignant transformation and tumor cell growth. Bioinformatics analyses show that RRM2 was overexpressed in CRC and might be an attractive target for treating CRC. Therefore, we attempted to search novel RRM2 inhibitors by using a gene expression signature-based approach, connectivity MAP (CMAP). The result predicted GW8510, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, as a potential RRM2 inhibitor. Western blot analysis indicated that GW8510 inhibited RRM2 expression through promoting its proteasomal degradation. In addition, GW8510 induced autophagic cell death. In addition, the sensitivities of CRC cells to GW8510 were associated with the levels of RRM2 and endogenous autophagic flux. Taken together, our study indicates that GW8510 could be a potential anti-CRC agent through targeting RRM2.
Nanotechnology tools in pharmaceutical R&D (2010)

Nanotechnology is a new approach to problem solving and can be considered as a collection of tools and ideas which can be applied in pharmaceutical industry. Application of nanotechnology tools in pharmaceutical R&D is likely to result in moving the industry from ‘blockbuster drug’ model to ‘personalized medicine’. There are compelling applications in pharmaceutical industry where inexpensive nanotechnology tools can be utilized. The review explores the possibility of categorizing various nanotechnology approaches to meet the requirements in pharmaceutical R&D.
SERUM LIPID EFFECTS OF A MONOUNSATURATED (PALMITOLEIC) FATTY ACID‐RICH DIET BASED ON MACADAMIA NUTS IN HEALTHY, YOUNG JAPANESE WOMEN (2004)

Summary 1. Recent studies have identified potential beneficial effects of eating nuts, most of which have substantial amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Macadamia nuts consist of 75% fat by weight, 80% of which is MUFA (palmitoleic acid). 2. To examine variations in serum lipid levels in response to a high‐MUFA diet based on macadamia nuts, 3 week interventions of macadamia nuts, coconuts and butter were determined in young, healthy Japanese female students. 3. After 3 weeks intervention, serum concentrations of total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein–cholesterol were significantly decreased in the macadamia nut and coconut diets and bodyweight and body mass index were decreased in the group fed macadamia nuts, although there were no statistically significant changes in the group fed butter.
Soft-impacting micromechanical resoswitch zero-quiescent power AM receiver (2016)

A micromechanical resonant switch-based envelope detector employing a soft-impact cantilever output electrode to affect a linear input amplitude-to-output level gain has successfully received, filtered, amplified, and demodulated an input AM signal over a 63-kHz carrier, effectively demonstrating a zero-quiescent power AM receiver to complement a previous such FSK receiver. The RF front-end achieves a power gain of 30dB and demodulates without needing a power hungry local oscillator. Key to operation as an AM receiver is the linear analog amplification (as opposed to binary amplification in the work of Liu et al. (2015)) enabled by the flexible soft-impact output electrode. The higher Q of 1200 of the polysilicon device with Ru-silicide contact further increases the receiver sensitivity to -68dBm, which is 8dB better than that in the work of Liu et al. (2015). The ability of this device to AM demodulate while consuming zero power during standby periods makes it ideal for use in ultra-low power long-distance receiver applications, such as the clocks that wirelessly receive atomic clock time over thousands of miles via AM over a 60-kHz carrier.
Design of an 8-bit neuron MOSFET A/D converter using subranging method (2003)

An 8-bit subranging neuron MOSFET A/D converter circuit was designed and implemented. This neuron MOS A/D converter shows flexible operation and simple structure comparing with the common CMOS A/DC circuit. It is composed of two 4-bit A/D subconverters, 4-bit D/A subconverter, subtracter and 8-bit output latch, each subcircuit was simulated separately by using HSPICE.
Influence of the Geometric Parameters on the Deposition Mode in Spatial Atomic Layer Deposition: A Novel Approach to Area-Selective Deposition (2018)

Within the materials deposition techniques, Spatial Atomic Layer Deposition (SALD) is gaining momentum since it is a high throughput and low-cost alternative to conventional atomic layer deposition (ALD). SALD relies on a physical separation (rather than temporal separation, as is the case in conventional ALD) of gas-diluted reactants over the surface of the substrate by a region containing an inert gas. Thus, fluid dynamics play a role in SALD since precursor intermixing must be avoided in order to have surface-limited reactions leading to ALD growth, as opposed to chemical vapor deposition growth (CVD). Fluid dynamics in SALD mainly depends on the geometry of the reactor and its components. To quantify and understand the parameters that may influence the deposition of films in SALD, the present contribution describes a Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation that was coupled, using Comsol Multiphysics®, with concentration diffusion and temperature-based surface chemical reactions to evaluate how different parameters influence precursor spatial separation. In particular, we have used the simulation of a close-proximity SALD reactor based on an injector manifold head. We show the effect of certain parameters in our system on the efficiency of the gas separation. Our results show that the injector head-substrate distance (also called deposition gap) needs to be carefully adjusted to prevent precursor intermixing and thus CVD growth. We also demonstrate that hindered flow due to a non-efficient evacuation of the flows through the head leads to precursor intermixing. Finally, we show that precursor intermixing can be used to perform area-selective deposition.
Thermoelectric properties of p-type half-Heusler alloys Zr1−xTixCoSnySb1−y (0.0&lt;x&lt;0.5; y=0.15 and 0.3) (2008)

Half-Heusler alloys Zr1−xTixCoSnySb1−y (0.0&lt;x&lt;0.5; y=0.15 and 0.3) are investigated for their possible use as high temperature thermoelectric materials. In these p-type materials, the Zr site is primarily substituted with Ti to reduce thermal conductivity (κ), while the Sn content is varied to optimize thermoelectric properties. For these compositions, these alloys exhibit moderate resistivity (ρ) in the mΩcm range and high positive thermopower (α), on the order of hundreds of μV∕K. Measured Hall coefficients suggest that holes are dominant charge carriers. Calculated carrier mobilities are rather low in the range of 0.8–1.5cm2∕Vs. Thermal conductivity (κ) values as low as ∼8.5–4.5Wm−1K−1 are also measured. The calculated thermoelectric figure of merit ZT=α2T∕ρκ is as high as 0.2 at T=1000K, implying that these alloys could be potential p-type thermoelectric materials for energy conversion at high temperatures.
Polyhedral Units and Network Connectivity in Calcium Aluminosilicate Glasses from High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction (2000)

Structure factors for Ca (x/2)Al xSi 1-xO (2) glasses (x = 0,0.25,0. 5,0.67) extended to a wave vector of magnitude Q = 40 A (-1) have been obtained by high-energy x-ray diffraction. For the first time, it is possible to resolve the contributions of Si-O, Al-O, and Ca-O coordination polyhedra to the experimental atomic pair distribution functions. It has been found that the connectivity of Si/Al-O tetrahedral network decreases with increasing x due to the emerging of nonbridging oxygens located on Si-O tetrahedra. Calcium maintains a rather uniform coordination sphere for all values of x and so it plays a certain role in determining the glass structure.
Using Physical Layer Emulation to Optimize and Evaluate Mobile and Wireless Systems (2008)

Testing and evaluating protocols and applications for wireless networks and mobile users is challenging because the physical environment has a significant impact on the behavior and dynamics of the system. It is however important that these physical world effects are considered during system impleme
The sulphur data book (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewThe sulphur data bookCite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 12, 670Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1954Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 December 1954Published inissue 1 December 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ed031p670.3RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views349Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (936 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Super-Isolation Duplexer Aiming for Removing Rx Inter-stage Filter in W-CDMA Handsets (2008)

A significant improvement in the Tx to Rx isolation of an antenna duplexer intended to remove the need for the Rx interstage filter in CDMA handsets is presented. A developed prototype of the W-CDMA (Band Class I) duplexer achieves 70 dB of isolation in the Tx band, while the isolation of conventional miniaturized duplexers is limited to about 50 dB. The developed "super-isolation duplexer" helps to remove the need for the Rx interstage filter, because the leakage signal from the transmitter, which is the largest interferer for the receiver, is mostly suppressed by the duplexer.
New Magnetic Parameters to Characterize Cold-Rolled Motor Lamination Steels and Predict Motor Performance (2004)

We have adapted an analytical computer model, RMxprt, to predict the operating parameters of both single-phase and three-phase induction motors as a function of motor lamination material property curves. The model uses newly defined parameters, integrated average core loss (IACL) and integrated average permeability (IAP), rather than the material characteristic commonly used today, 1.5-T permeability, which is not effective in predicting motor efficiency. IACL and IAP have been shown to be excellent predictive parameters of the efficiency of motors, and these parameters are considered the best for specifying motor laminations. IACL is closely correlated with the 1.5-T core loss and IAP is closely correlated with the 1.0-T permeability and, for semiprocessed materials, the 1.5-T core loss. Therefore, the 1.5-T core loss alone can be used to specify semiprocessed cold-rolled motor lamination materials for motors. For all cases studied, directionally averaged IACL and IAP are almost the same as the L&T Epstein pack properties. Therefore, the L&T Epstein pack properties, obtained by conventional Epstein testing, can be used in lieu of the directionally averaged properties.
Respon Gempa Gedung Beton Bertulang 20 Tingkat dengan Variasi Tata Letak Dinding Geser (2021)

Tingginya kebutuhan akan tempat tinggal yang diiringi dengan berkurangnya persediaan lahan telah memicu munculnya bangunan bertingkat banyak. Namun, dibalik keunggulannya dalam hal efesiensi terhadap lahan, bangunan bertingkat banyak akan dihadapkan pada beban lateral yang cukup besar seperti beban gempa terutama jika dibangun di daerah rentan gempa. Pengaruh beban gempa terhadap struktur bangunan sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi struktur bangunan seperti denah dan ketinggian bangunan. Semakin tinggi bangunan, maka akan mempengaruhi responnya terhadap gempa. Dalam upaya meningkatkan kekakuan lateral pada sebuah bangunan bertingkat, struktur dinding geser telah di design dan digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh dari beberapa perubahan tata letak dinding geser terhadap nilai simpangan horisontal yang terjadi akibat beban gempa. Terdapat 5 (lima) model yang akan dianalisis, 1 model struktur tanpa dinding geser dan 4 model struktur bangunan dengan variasi penempatan dinding geser, dianalisis secara 3D menggunakan program SAP 2000 V14, dengan pemodelan berupa bangunan 20 tingkat dengan tinggi bangunan 63 m. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dari semua model telah memenuhi persyaratan SNI 1726-2012, kecuali model 1 yaitu model tanpa dinding geser dimana simpangan antar lantai (drift ratio) tidak memenuhi persyaratan pada SNI 1726-2012 pasal 7.12.1. Struktur dengan dinding geser mengurangi drift dan displasement dibanding struktur tanpa dinding geser dan penempatan posisi dinding geser berpengaruh terhadap nilai displasement dan drift. Dari model struktur 2, 3, 4, dan 5 posisi penempatan dinding geser menunjukkan model 3 (dinding geser terletak pada bagian tengah sisi luar gedung) paling efektif dalam mengurangi drift dan displasemen.
Electrochemical dehydrogenase-based homogeneous assays in whole blood (1995)

An electrochemical method has been developed for determining NADH in whole blood for dehydrogenase-based assays by flow-injection analysis. NADH generated by dehydrogenase is oxidized by an electron-transfer coupling reagent, 2,6-dichloroindophenol (DCIP). The reduced form of DCIP (DCIPH2) is measured amperometrically by flow-injection analysis. Endogenous interferents were inhibited by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate. Electrode fouling by proteins was not observed under assay conditions. The Emit theophylline enzyme immunoassay and the hexokinase glucose assay were used as models. For the glucose assay, the intraassay CVs were 15% at 0.31 g/L and 3.5% at 1.82 g/L. Recoveries of glucose from whole blood (compared with that for aqueous standards) were 109%, 97.9%, and 101% at 0.050, 2.00, and 5.00 g/L glucose, respectively, and 104%, 101%, and 102% for theophylline at concentrations of 5.0 (low), 16.4 (medium), and 30.2 (high) mg/L, respectively, with corresponding precisions of 12%, 9.5%, and 8.8%. Both assays correlated well with results by reference methods. These studies demonstrate that this method can measure NADH in whole blood without prior separation and that it is potentially applicable to other dehydrogenase-based assays in whole blood.
Stereocontrolled functionalization of acyclic molybdenum-η<sup>3</sup>-allyl complexes: a new approach to the stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-diols (1990)

Functionalization of [CpMo(CO)2(η3-syn-1-C3H4COCH3)] proceeds in a highly stereospecific manner; the Mo-η3-allyl unit is effective in directing asymmetric carbon induction in the course of s-trans-η4-cis-pentadiene formation, aldol condensation and asymmetric 1,3-diol synthesis.
Synthetic chloride channel restores glutathione secretion in cystic fibrosis airway epithelia (2001)

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an inherited disease characterized by defective epithelial Cl- transport, damages lungs via chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Glutathione, a major antioxidant in the epithelial lung lining fluid, is decreased in the apical fluid of CF airway epithelia due to reduced glutathione efflux (Gao L, Kim KJ, Yankaskas JR, and Forman HJ. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 277: L113-L118, 1999). The present study examined the question of whether restoration of chloride transport would also restore glutathione secretion. We found that a Cl- channel-forming peptide (N-K4-M2GlyR) and a K+ channel activator (chlorzoxazone) increased Cl- secretion, measured as bumetanide-sensitive short-circuit current, and glutathione efflux, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, in a human CF airway epithelial cell line (CFT1). Addition of the peptide alone increased glutathione secretion (181 +/- 8% of the control value), whereas chlorzoxazone alone did not significantly affect glutathione efflux; however, chlorzoxazone potentiated the effect of the peptide on glutathione release (359 +/- 16% of the control value). These studies demonstrate that glutathione efflux is associated with apical chloride secretion, not with the CF transmembrane conductance regulator per se, and the defect of glutathione efflux in CF can be overcome pharmacologically.
Proofmass-less vibration sensor using the motion of self-charged anion and cation in an electrolyte for ultra-high frequency detection (2008)

This paper presents a vibration sensor of the ultra-high frequency mechanical vibration based on the motion of anion and cation in an electrolyte. Electrolyte vibration sensors have the high shock survival characteristics and a simple read-out circuit because of the small mass and their own charges. In the experimental study, electrolyte chamber and detection electrode were fabricated by PDMS and gold, respectively. 5.8 M sodium chloride (NaCl) solution was used as electrolyte in 36nl-chamber. Mechanical vibration was measured from 2 kHz to 4 MHz.
<i>In vitro</i> organogenesis of pancreas in <i>Xenopus laevis</i> dorsal lips treated with retinoic acid (2000)

Dorsal lips of Xenopus laevis may differentiate into pancreas after treatment with retinoic acid in vitro. The dorsal lip region is fated to be dorsal mesoderm and anterior endoderm. Dorsal lip cells isolated from stage 10 early gastrula differentiate into tissues such as notochord, muscle and pharynx. However, in the present study, dorsal lips treated with 10(-4) M retinoic acid for 3 h differentiated into pancreas-like structures accompanied by notochord and thick endodermal epithelium. Sections of the explants showed that some cells gathered and formed an acinus-like structure as observed under microscopes. In addition to the morphological changes, expressions of the pancreas-specific molecular markers, XIHbox8 and insulin, were induced in retinoic acid-treated dorsal lip explants. Therefore, it is suggested that retinoic acid may induce the dorsal lip cells to differentiate into a functional pancreas. However, continuous treatment with retinoic acid did not induce pancreas differentiation at any concentration. Dorsal lips treated with retinoic acid within 5 h after isolation differentiated into pancreas-like cells, while those treated after 15 h or more did not. The present study provided a suitable test system for analyzing pancreas differentiation in early vertebrate development.
Model-based analysis of Java EE web security configurations (2016)

The widespread use of Java EE web applications as a means to provide distributed services to remote clients imposes strong security requirements, so that the resources managed by these applications remain protected from unauthorized disclosures and manipulations. For this purpose, the Java EE framework provides developers with mechanisms to define access-control policies. Unfortunately, the variety and complexity of the provided security configuration mechanisms cause the definition and manipulation of a security policy to be complex and error prone. As security requirements are not static, and thus, implemented policies must be changed and reviewed often, discovering and representing the policy at an appropriate abstraction level to enable their understanding and reenginering appears as a critical requirement. To tackle this problem, this paper presents a (model-based) approach aimed to help security experts to visualize, (automatically) analyse and manipulate web security policies.
Level set diagrams of polyhedral objects (1999)

Shape descriptors and feature-based representations alre of primary interests in the area of solid modeling. They allow us for easier storage, recognition and general treatments of objects. Axial structures such as skeletons are popular shape descriptors which have been widely studied. Most of the studies focus on a particular type of skeleton called the Medial Axis. Medial Axes can be extracted from discrete volumetric data as well as boundary-based representations. In the later case, however, no algorithm is known to perform well and accurately. We propose a new paradigm for constructing one dimensional axial structures associated .with a polyhedral object. These structures, called the level set diagrams, are associated with scalar functions defined over the set of vertices of a polyhedron. We study in details the level set diagram associated with the shortest path distance to a source point. This particular association iits nicely into a theoretical framework and presents interesting properties for the purpose of shape description.