gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
WNT7A Regulates Tumor Growth and Progression in Ovarian Cancer through the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway (2012)

Abnormal activation the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway has been associated with ovarian carcinomas, but a specific WNT ligand and pertinent downstream mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we found abundant WNT7A in the epithelium of serous ovarian carcinomas, but not detected in borderline and benign tumors, normal ovary, or endometrioid carcinomas. To characterize the role of WNT7A in ovarian tumor growth and progression, nude mice were injected either intraperitoneally or subcutaneously with WNT7A knocked down SKOV3.ip1 and overexpressed SKOV3 cells. In the intraperitoneal group, mice receiving SKOV3.ip1 cells with reduced WNT7A expression developed significantly fewer tumor lesions. Gross and histologic examination revealed greatly reduced invasion of WNT7A knockdown cells into intestinal mesentery and serosa compared with the control cells. Tumor growth was regulated by loss or overexpression of WNT7A in mice receiving subcutaneous injection as well. In vitro analysis of cell function revealed that cell proliferation, adhesion, and invasion were regulated by WNT7A. The activity of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) reporter was stimulated by overexpression of WNT7A in ovarian cancer cells. Cotransfection with WNT7A and FZD5 receptor further increased activity, and this effect was inhibited by cotransfection with SFRP2 or dominant negative TCF4. Overexpression of WNT7A stimulated matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) promoter, and mutation of TCF-binding sites in MMP7 promoter confirmed that activation of MMP7 promoter by WNT7A was mediated by β-catenin/TCF signaling. Collectively, these results suggest that reexpression of WNT7A during malignant transformation of ovarian epithelial cells plays a critical role in ovarian cancer progression mediated by WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Payphone service for third generation mobile systems (2002)

The pre-payment application for third generation mobile systems is intended to increase service usage by introducing new means of payment such as the pre-payment. This application takes into account the mobile environment specificities (fragility of the air interface from the security point of view, roaming, mobility functions and specific rules for charging). Firstly, the paper analyses the threats. It then proposes features to provide a high level of security and describes the procedures to guarantee that. To manage payphone keys in multi-operator environments, several scenarios are treated. The last part of the paper describes an implementation of the pre-payment application in an IN architectural context.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vehicular Ranging Using Periodic Broadcasts (2015)

We consider the problem of precise range estimation between pairs of moving vehicles using periodic broadcast messages. The vehicles are not time synchronized and one needs to explicitly account for the clock offset and clock drift in addition to the vehicle motion to obtain accurate range estimates. We develop a broadcast range estimation algorithm based on local polynomial smoothing of the vehicle motion and experimentally verify that the performance is close to that obtained using unicast round-trip time ranging. This broadcast approach is of interest particularly in the context of dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) wherein periodic broadcast safety messages are exchanged between vehicles. We propose to exploit these broadcast messages to perform ranging. Our scheme requires additional timestamp information to be transmitted as part of the DSRC messages, and we develop a novel timestamp compression algorithm to minimize the resulting overhead. We validate our proposed algorithm on experimental data and show that it is able to achieve sub-meter ranging accuracies in vehicular scenarios.
Effect of nitrogen on the structural and magnetic properties of intermetallic compounds with the ThMn12 structure (1991)

The effects of nitrogen uptake on the structural and magnetic properties of RFe12−xTx alloys have been studied. Several interstitial nitrides with composition RFe12−xTxNy (R=Nd and Sm and T=Ti and V) were prepared by heat treating fine powders of RFe12−xTx alloys in N2 gas. Preliminary results show the following observations: (1) The ThMn12 structure of the original compounds is retained with the addition of nitrogen but with increased lattice constants (a and c). (2) The Curie temperature is greatly enhanced by about 150–175 K. (3) The character of magnetic anisotropy is changed from ‘‘weak uniaxial’’ type to ‘‘strong uniaxial’’ type for NdFe12−xTxNy and from ‘‘uniaxial’’ to ‘‘planar’’ for SmFe12−xTxNy.
Testing self-adaptive applications with simulation of context events (2024)

Modern trends in mobile computing have raised the expectations of users in terms of such features such as context-awareness and self-adaptiveness. With such capabilities, applications can autonomously sense their context and automate a number of tasks, effectively reducing the attention required by the end users. This paper presents a custom simulation engine, designed to support the testing of applications developed using the MUSIC platform. The simulation tool consists of a platform-independent server module, deployed along with the application, and a client module which is responsible for interpreting and executing the simulation script. The use of the tool is demonstrated in the scope of the SatMotion application, which is designed to assist satellite antenna installers with specialized functionality.
Experiments on the flow and acoustic properties of a moderate-Reynolds-number supersonic jet (1982)

An experimental investigation of the flow and acoustic properties of a moderate-Reynolds-number ( Re = 70000), Mach number M = 2·1, axisymmetric jet has been performed. These measurements extended the experimental studies conducted previously in this laboratory to a higher-Reynolds-number regime where the flow and acoustic processes are considerably more complex. In fact, mean-flow and acoustic properties of this jet were determined to be closely comparable to published properties of high-Reynolds-number jets. The major results of the flow-field measurements demonstrate that the jet shear annulus is unstable over a broad frequency range. The initial growth rates and wavelengths of these instabilities as measured by a hot wire were found to be in reasonable agreement with linear stability theory predictions. Also, in agreement with subsonic-jet results, the potential core of the jet was found to be most responsive to excitation at frequencies near a Strouhal number of S = 0·3. The overall development of organized disturbances around S = 0·2 seems to agree in general with calculations performed using the instability theory originally developed by Morris and Tam. The acoustic near field was characterized in terms of sound-pressure level and directivity for both natural and excited (pure-tone) jets. In addition, propagation direction and azimuthal character of dominant spectral components were also measured. It was determined that the large-scale flow disturbances radiate noise in a directional pattern centred about 30° from the jet axis. The noise from these disturbances appears from simple ray tracing to be generated primarily near the region of the jet where the coherent fluctuations saturate in amplitude and begin to decay. It was also determined that the large-scale components of the near-field sound are made up predominately of axisymmetric ( n = 0) and helical ( n = ±1) modes. The dominant noise-generation mechanism appears to be a combination of Mach-wave generation and a process associated with the saturation and disintegration of the large-scale instability. Finally, the further development of a noise-generation model of the instability type appears to hold considerable promise.
High-power 467-nm passively locked signal-resonant sum-frequency laser (1995)

We have generated more than 120 mW of TEM00 radiation at 467 nm by summing the resonantly enhanced output of an 845-nm GaAlAs tapered semiconductor amplifier with the intracavity field of a 1047-nm diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser, using a KTP crystal. Optical feedback was used to lock the frequency of the tapered amplifier to a cavity resonance.
Role of HLA class II genes in susceptibility/resistance to inflammatory arthritis: studies with humanized mice (2009)

Predisposition to develop rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules, although the mechanism is still unknown. Various experimental animal models of inflammatory arthritis have been studied to address the role of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in pathogenesis. We have generated transgenic mice expressing HLA class II molecules (DR and DQ) lacking complete endogenous class II molecules to study the interactions involved between class II molecules (DQ and DR) and to define the immunologic mechanisms in inflammatory arthritis. The HLA transgene can positively select CD4(+) T cells expressing various V beta T-cell receptors, and a peripheral tolerance is maintained to transgenic HLA molecules. The expression of HLA molecules on various cells in these mice is similar to that known in humans. In this review, we describe collagen-induced arthritis as a model for human inflammatory arthritis using these transgenic mice. The transgenic mice carrying RA-susceptible haplotype develop gender-biased inflammatory arthritis with clinical and histopathological similarities to RA. Our studies show that polymorphism of HLA class II genes determine the predisposition to rheumatoid/inflammatory arthritis and the epistatic interactions between HLA-DQ and HLA-DR molecules dictate the severity, progression, and modulation of the disease.
Characterization and FTIR Studies of MnO<i><sub>x</sub></i>−CeO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst for Low-Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH<sub>3</sub> (2004)

A series of high-activity manganese−cerium oxide catalysts for the low-temperature (373−453 K) selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with ammonia were prepared. They were prepared by using the citric acid method (CA), coprecipitation method (CP), and impregnation method (IM) and were characterized by XRD, ESR, XPS, and FTIR techniques. A sample prepared by the CA method, MnOx(0.3)−CeO2(923), showed the highest activity. XRD results showed that the catalyst prepared by the CA method had the smallest particle size and the weakest XRD peak intensity. Using ESR and XPS, Mn4+, Mn3+, and Mn2+ oxide species were found after calcination in air. Three kinds of Mn phases existed in the MnOx−CeO2 catalysts that were prepared by the CA method: (1) aggregated Mn2O3 on the CeO2 support, (2) highly dispersed Mn2O3 with strong interactions with CeO2, and (3) Mn atoms incorporated into the CeO2 lattice. The distribution of Mn species depends on the preparation methods. Any oxygen vacancy formed in the CeO2 lattice caused by incorporation of Mn atoms adsorbs and activates molecular oxygen to form active oxygen species. Thus, the high activity of MnOx(0.3)−CeO2(923) is attributed to the highly dispersed Mn species and the more active oxygen species that is formed. Ammonia molecules adsorbed onto MnOx(0.3)−CeO2(923) to form NH4+ and coordinated NH3. At the same time, NH2 was observed because of H-abstraction. NO2, nitrite, and nitrate were formed by oxidation of NO. A mechanistic pathway for this reaction was proposed on the basis of earlier findings and the FTIR results obtained in this work. The initial step was adsorption of NH3 onto the Lewis acid sites, and then, the NH2 species was formed, followed by reaction between NH2 and NO to produce N2 and H2O. Possible intermediates are proposed, and all the intermediates could transform into NH2NO, which could further react to produce N2 and H2O.
Immunolocalization of selected cytokines and proteases in canine articular cartilage after transarticular loading (1993)

Cytokines and proteases are thought to play a role in the destruction of cartilage and the development of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to document chronological involvement of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), stromelysin (MMP-3), fibronectin, and alteration in the chondroitin sulphate sulfation pattern. Canine patellae underwent a closed-joint impact to induce the development of osteoarthritis. The animals were killed at 2, 12, 24, and 52 weeks. The patellar damage included cracks in the superficial zone of cartilage and the zone of the calcified cartilage-bone interface, vertical step-off fractures in the zone of calcified cartilage, and loss of proteoglycan around the cracks in the deep and superficial zones of cartilage. With avidin-biotin immunohistochemistry, these specimens were stained with antibodies to IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, MMP-3, fibronectin, and altered proteoglycan sulfate with the monoclonal antibody 3-B-3. Three of the four specimens obtained at 2 weeks demonstrated a strong cellular and weak matrix staining pattern for IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, MMP-3, and fibronectin around the cracks in the superficial and transitional zones of cartilage. No consistent staining pattern was noted in the cracks in the deep zone. None of the specimens obtained at 12, 24, or 52 weeks stained for these antibodies. No staining for the abnormal sulfation with the 3-B-3 antibody was evident in any specimen. The specimens obtained at 52 weeks showed healing of the step-off fractures and a filling-in of the proteoglycan loss. This model probably reflects the short-term cartilaginous changes in the patella after trauma; thus, only transient elevations in the cytokines and proteases were evident.
Review article: Potential cellular therapies for renal disease: Can we translate results from animal studies to the human condition? (2009)

SUMMARY The incidence of chronic kidney disease is increasing worldwide, prompting considerable research into potential regenerative therapies. These have included studies to determine whether an endogenous renal stem cell exists in the postnatal kidney and whether non‐renal adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cell, can ameliorate renal damage. Such stem cells will either need to be recruited to the damaged kidney to repair the damage in situ or be differentiated into the desired cell type and delivered into the damaged kidney to subsequently elicit repair without maldifferentiation. To date, these studies have largely been performed using experimental and genetic models of renal damage in rodents. The translation of such research into a therapy applicable to human disease faces many challenges. In this review, we examine which animal models have been used to evaluate potential cellular therapies and how valid these are to human chronic kidney disease.
Improved Hydrogen Separation Using Hybrid Membrane Composed of Nanodiamonds and P84 Copolyimide (2018)

Membrane gas separation is a prospective technology for hydrogen separation from various refinery and petrochemical process streams. To improve efficiency of gas separation, a novel hybrid membrane consisting of nanodiamonds and P84 copolyimide is developed. The particularities of the hybrid membrane structure, physicochemical, and gas transport properties were studied by comparison with that of pure P84 membrane. The gas permeability of H₂, CO₂, and CH₄ through the hybrid membrane is lower than through the unmodified membrane, whereas ideal selectivity in separation of H₂/CO₂, H₂/CH₄, and CO₂/CH₄ gas pairs is higher for the hybrid membrane. Correlation analysis of diffusion and solubility coefficients confirms the reliability of the gas permeability results. The position of P84/ND membrane is among the most selective membranes on the Robeson diagram for H₂/CH₄ gas pair.
Who holds the key to Holocaust-related sources? Authorship as subjectivity in finding aids (2016)

The field of Holocaust studies relies on a wide variety of archives, dispersed all over the world. Identifying the right sources for a specific research question within this field is not easy or straightforward. Yet Holocaust scholars predominately focus on methodologies for source analysis rather than discovery. Archival finding aids are among the most important tools to aid primary source discovery, but have hitherto not been considered in methodological discussions on Holocaust research. In this article we will reflect on the composition of finding aids based on our work for the European Holocaust Research Infrastructure (EHRI). Our premise is that the content of finding aids is determined by their authors and the context in which they are creating them. The strongest argument for this subjectivity is that our work – outlined in this article – not only indicates that descriptions of one and the same source differ, but that they can do so quite considerably, and hence can influence research. Our stance is that historians optimize their profit from finding aids by becoming more sensitive to the subjectivity and authorship of descriptions. We conclude by showing how an online environment such as the one developed by EHRI can sensitize historians and archivists to the situated and subjective nature of finding aids by accommodating a plurality of descriptive voices, and encourage them to share their knowledge and become co-authors of finding aids.
Functional Sensitivity and Recovery of Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (2001)

Comparisons of the Vitros ECi thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) method with the AxSym (1), Immulite (1)(2), Elecsys (2), and ADVIA Centaur (2) have shown an unexplained progressive negative bias <0.2 mIU/L, a phenomenon that we have also observed (Fig. 1A⇓ ). To investigate the bias, we diluted the TSH International Reference Preparation 80/558 (predominately pituitary TSH) and serum from a patient with untreated hypothyroidism (a mixture of pituitary and hepatic sialylated TSH) in serum pooled from patients receiving suppressive doses of thyroxine for thyroid cancer and with undetectable TSH values by the ADVIA ACS:180, Vitros ECi TSH, and Roche Elecsys methods. To obtain accurate dilutions at …
Sentinel node biopsy in head and neck cancer (2001)

Sentinel node biopsy is a new development in the investigation of solid tumors. Few studies have reported the use of this technique in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Early results are encouraging and suggest that the technique should be evaluated in the context of multicenter trials, which are now starting. This paper reviews the literature on sentinel node biopsy and its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to date.
An Automatic Stent Detection for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomographic (2020)

Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT) is an important imaging technique for diagnose of atherosclerosis due to its advantages of high spatial and temporal resolutions. In this paper, an automatic detection method is proposed for the evaluation of the stent placement in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). The method mainly contains the flowing three steps. Firstly, the IVOCT images are de-noised by total variation model. Secondly, the ROI zone and the seed points of stents are detected. Finally, the region growing algorithm is used to segment the stents according to the selected seed points. More than one thousand clinical OCT images are collected from 10 post-PCI treatment patients for evaluating the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method could achieve 89.3% accuracy and 86.5% sensitivity.
A Force/Moment Direction Sensor and Its Application in Intuitive Robot Teaching Task (2001)

Teach pendant is the most widely used means of robot teaching at present. Despite the difficulties of using the motion command buttons on the teach pendant, it is an economical, robust, and effective device for robot teaching task. This paper presents the development of a force/moment direction sensor named COSMO that can improve the teach pendant based robot teaching. Robot teaching experiment of a six axis commercial robot using the sensor is described where operator holds the sensor with a hand, and move the robot by pushing, pulling, and twisting the sensor in the direction of the desired motion. No prior knowledge of the coord i- nate system is required. The function of the COSMO sensor is to detect the presence of force and moment along the principal axes of the sensor coordinate system. The transducer used in the sensor is micro -switch, and this intuitive robot teaching can be implemented at a very low cost.
An<i>Mspl</i>polymorphism in the human acid sphingomyelinase gene (SMPD1) (1991)

Sequencing of partial and full-length cDNAs encoding human SMPD1 (1, 2) revealed an A (Allele Al) or G (Allele A2) at nucleotide position 1516 which predicted an Arg (Allele Al) or Gly (Allele A2) at codon 506. The deficient activity of SMPD1 results in Types A and B Niemann-Pick disease (NPD). Polymorphism Frequency: The frequency of the 506-Gly (A2) allele in PCR-amplified genomic DNA from 110 unrelated Caucasian individuals by dot-blot hybridization was 0.84. The 506-Gly allelic frequency among 56 unrelated NPD Type A and B patients was 0.78. Protocol: To detect the 506 polymorphism, a 567 bp SMPD1 genomic fragment is amplified using sense (5'-AGTAGTCG-ACATGGGCAGGATGTGTGG-3') and antisense (5'-AGTA- GTGTCGACTTGCCTGGTTGAACCACAGC-3') primers. Dot-blot hybridization is performed using allele-specific oligonucleotides for 506-Arg (5'-ACTACTCCAGGAGCTCT-3') and for 506-Gly (5'-ACTACTCCGGGAGCTCT-3'), which are hybridized at 42C and washed at 51 or 53C, respectively. This polymorphism also can be detected by restriction enzyme analysis since the 506-Gly polymorphism creates a new MspI restriction site. When the 567 bp PCR-amplified genomic fragment from a 506-Arg allele is digested with MspI, two fragments of 395 and 159 bp are detected on a 1% agarose gel. In contrast, amplification of the 506-Gly allele results in the constant fragment of 395 bp, but the 159 bp fragment is digested into two fragments of 95 and 64 bp. Chromosomal Location: The human SMPD1 gene has been mapped to the chromosomal region llpl5.1-plS.4 (3). Other Comments: This polymorphism may serve as a useful marker for the orientation of other polymorphic variants and/or sequence tagged sites in this region of chromosome 11.
Lateral insulated gate transistors with improved latching characteristics (1985)

Lateral insulated gate transistors were fabricated to study their applicability for power integrated circuits. Three independent techniques for improving latching current are described in this paper. We obtained devices that latch at 510 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , significantly greater than previously reported. We have also demonstrated devices that current-limit at 475 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> without latching. Several device configurations are compared in terms of performance and processing trade-offs. In addition, computer simulations suggest a device design improvement that could result in a 30% increase in current density.