gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling Residual Stress Development in Hybrid Processing by Additive Manufacturing and Laser Shock Peening (2018)

The term “hybrid” has been widely applied to many areas of manufacturing. Naturally, that term has found a home in additive manufacturing as well. Hybrid additive manufacturing or hybrid-AM has been used to describe multi-material printing, combined machines (e.g., deposition printing and milling machine center), and combined processes (e.g., printing and interlayer laser re-melting). The capabilities afforded by hybrid-AM are rewriting the design rules for materials and adding a new dimension in the design for additive manufacturing paradigm. This work focuses on hybrid-AM processes, which are defined as the use of additive manufacturing (AM) with one or more secondary processes or energy sources that are fully coupled and synergistically affect part quality, functionality, and/or process performance. Secondary processes and energy sources include subtractive and transformative manufacturing technologies, such as machining, re-melting, peening, rolling, and friction stir processing. Of particular interest to this research is combining additive manufacturing with laser shock peening (LSP) in a cyclic process chain to print 3D mechanical properties. Additive manufacturing of metals often results in parts with unfavorable mechanical properties. Laser shock peening is a high strain rate mechanical surface treatment that hammers a work piece and induces favorable mechanical properties. Peening strain hardens a surface and imparts compressive residual stresses improving the mechanical properties of the material. The overarching objective of this work is to investigate the role LSP has on layer-by-layer processing of 3D printed metals. As a first study in this field, this thesis primarily focuses on the following: (1) defining hybrid-AM in relation to hybrid manufacturing and classifying hybrid-AM processes and (2) modeling hybrid-AM by LSP to understand the role of hybrid process parameters on temporal and spatial residual stress development. A finite element model was developed to help understand thermal and mechanical cancellation of residual stress when cyclically coupling printing and peening. Results indicate layer peening frequency is a critical process parameter and highly interdependent on the heat generated by the printing laser source. Optimum hybrid process conditions were found to exists that favorably enhance mechanical properties. With this demonstration, hybrid-AM has ushered in the next evolutionary step in additive manufacturing and has the potential to profoundly change the way high value metal goods are manufactured. Advisor: Michael P. Sealy
A Compact Low-Power Driver Array for VCSELs in 65-nm CMOS Technology (2017)

This paper presents a compact low-power 4 × 10 Gb/s quad-driver module for vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays in a 65-nm CMOS technology. The side-by-side drivers can be directly wire bonded to the VCSEL diode array, supporting up to four channels. To increase the bandwidth of the driver, an internal feed-forward path is added for pole-zero cancellation, without increasing the power consumption. An edge-configurable pre-emphasis technique is adopted to achieve high bandwidth and minimize the asymmetry of the fall and rise times of the driver output current. Measurement results demonstrate an rms jitter of 0.68 ps for 10 Gb/s operation. Tests demonstrate negligible crosstalk between channels. Under irradiation, the modulation amplitude degrades less than 5% up to 300-Mrad ionizing dose. The area of the quad-driver array is 500 μm by 1000 μm, and the total power consumption for the entire driver array chip is 130 mW for typical current setting.
CMOS microsystem for AC current measurement with galvanic isolation (2003)

In this paper, we present an integrated AC current sensor based on sensitivity-optimised horizontal Hall effect devices (HHDs) and a differential readout chain. It has been designed for 5A nominal AC current measurement with 5 kV galvanic isolation and 0.5% accuracy over 1.5 kHz bandwidth, which allows up to 30/sup th/ (25 th) harmonic detection in 50 Hz (60 Hz) applications. From the sensing element to the instrumental chain's output the signal conditioning is exclusively performed by low-noise standard CMOS analog blocks. Moreover the whole microsystem features a mixed signal structure dedicated to auto-balancing.
Cloning of the Sequences Expressed Abundantly in Established Cell Lines: Identification of a cDNA Clone Highly Homologous to S-100, a Calcium Binding Protein1 (1988)

To identify and characterize mRNAs which are abundant in established cell lines, but less so in the corresponding parental counterparts, a cDNA library was constructed from poly(A)+RNA of Balb/c3T3 cells. We screened this cDNA library by differential colony hybridization using single-stranded cDNAs from Balb/c3T3 cells and mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF), and obtained four cDNA clones, out of 8,300 clones. One such clone, named pEL98, corresponding to mRNA of approximately 600 nucleotides, was further characterized. The entire nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert in the pEL98 revealed a single open reading frame that encodes a 101 amino acid of putative protein (hereafter referred to as the pEL98 protein). pEL98 protein is highly homologous to both alpha and beta subunits of bovine S-100 protein (49 and 47% homology, respectively), a protein belonging to the family of calcium binding proteins. pEL98 protein is also homologous to several S-100 related proteins such as "calcyclin," a product of growth-regulated human gene 2A9, porcine p11 (or p10), the small subunit of a protein complex which serves as a major substrate of tyrosine kinase, and human cystic fibrosis antigen (CFAg). The amounts of transcript of pEL98 were increased in murine cells transformed with both activated oncogene and chemical carcinogen.
RF MEMS and NEMS technology, devices, and applications (2005)

Will RF MEMS deliver on its promise to be one of the major MEMS businesses in the future? RF MEMS has now entered its second generation; high-volume production of both contacting and non-contacting switches and filters (based on bulk acoustic waves) was ramped up worldwide starting in 2003. In first-generation RF MEMS, discrete components were developed to demonstrate RF performance and reliability, and low-cost, high-volume chip- and wafer-scale packaging eliminated the final barriers to high-volume production of discrete replacement components with MEMS. In this paper, we review the RF MEMS industry and the commercialization status of RF MEMS components. We also provide a detailed case study of mobile telephone basestations, demonstrating how RF MEMS can impact telecommunications. Finally, we look at research into third-generation RF MEMS and NEMS, in which integration, active devices, and new functionality will create opportunities for disruptive changes in RF subsystems, enabling such things as software-defined radio.
Synthesis of Bis(trichlorosilyl)ethanes via Hydrosilylation (1982)

Abstract Addition of trichlorosilane to vinyltrichlorosilane in the presence of tetrakis/triphenylphosphine/-palladium/0/results in the selective formation of 1,1-bis/trichlorosilyl/ethane/α-adduct/, while in the presence of Wilkinson's catalyst as well as of chloroplatinic acid prepared in cyclohexanone-1,2-bis/trichlorosilyl/ethane /β -adduct/ is formed.
Regulation of lactase–phlorizin hydrolase gene expression by the caudal-related homoeodomain protein Cdx-2 (1997)

Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase is exclusively expressed in the small intestine and is often used as a marker for the differentiation of enterocytes. The cis-element CE-LPH1 found in the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase promoter has previously been shown to bind an intestinal-specific nuclear factor. By electrophoretic mobility-shift assay it was shown that the factor Cdx-2 (a homoeodomain-protein related to caudal) binds to a TTTAC sequence in the CE-LPH1. Furthermore it was demonstrated that Cdx-2 is able to activate reporter gene transcription by binding to CE-LPH1. A mutation in CE-LPH1, which does not affect Cdx-2 binding, results in a higher transcriptional activity, indicating that the CE-LPH1 site contains other binding site(s) in addition to the Cdx-2-binding site.
Automatic antenna tuning for RF transmitter IC applying high Q antenna (2004)

Automatic antenna tuning circuitry is presented for high Q printed antennas. It is applied in a general purpose 0.6 /spl mu/m BiCMOS transmitter chip devoted to short range applications in the ISM bands (315, 434, 868 and 915 MHz). The circuitry maintains maximum output power without the application of external matching circuit and/or costly tuning procedures usually required to counter technological spreading. Real time compensation of environmental variations such as "hand effect" is also possible. As the efficiency of the driver stage is close to maximum with high Q antennas, the power consumption is reduced at the targeted output power ranges (-20...+10 dBm).
Integrated memory elements on microcontroller devices (2002)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss novel uses of memory as well as new memory types, such as electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), that have successfully been integrated into microcontroller chips. The first section of this paper will deal with new memory types and the latter sections will discuss novel uses of memory. Conventional static RAM and ROM will only be mentioned here for the sake of completeness.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of signal peptide alterations and replacement on export of xylanase A in Streptomyces lividans (1996)

Starting from its translation initiation site, the Streptomyces lividans xylanase A signal peptide consists of 41 amino acids. This signal peptide was deleted and successively replaced with one of six signal peptides from other enzymes secreted by S. lividans and by a signal peptide from the outer membrane protein (LamB) of Escherichia coli. Deletion of the xylanase A signal peptide or modification of its cleavage site abolished secretion of the enzyme. Replacement with the signal peptides of either xylanase B, cellulase A, mannanase, or acetylxylan esterase produced equivalent amounts of xylanase A, while the signal peptides of cellulase B, xylanase C, and LamB secreted less enzyme than did the wild type. All the clones exhibited the same transcription levels, which indicated that the variations in xylanase production were due to the natures of the signal sequences.
Compensation of optical path lengths in extreme-ultraviolet and soft-x-ray monochromators for ultrafast pulses (1999)

The extraction of the spectrum corresponding to a single extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulse embedded in an extended spectrum may alter the duration of the pulse itself. This is due to the spectral filtering of optics and the differences in the optical path of the rays caused by ordinary diffraction when a grating is used. The basic mechanism that leads to the latter effect is the difference of one wavelength of the path length of two rays diffracted at the first order by nearby grating grooves. A study of these effects and some possible solutions obtained from using a pair of diffraction gratings is presented. The aim of this study is the selection without dispersion of one or more high-order laser harmonics produced by a pulse lasting a few femtoseconds and interacting with a gas jet.
Electrostriction in liquid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1982)

The two-fluid model of liquid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ is extended to include effects of applied electric fields. New terms that account for electrostriction in equations of motion for superfluid and normal fluid are derived with the aid of a variational principle subject to the assumption that the Clausius-Mossotti relation for the dielectric constant is applicable. Corresponding additions to conservation laws for momentum and energy are presented.
Disposable electrochemical biosensors (1991)

The market for decentralized clinical testing is undergoing expansion. Electrochemical biosensors represent one approach to the different demands of this market. A range of sensing systems are described which use electrochemical techniques for the measurement of various analytes and which have been demonstrated to be applicable to the manufacturing methods required for single-use disposable tests.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of α,β,β-trimethylstyrenes (1966)

N.m.r, data for 14 α,β,β-trimethylstyrenes are given. The aromatic ring shields the β-methyl group cis to it relative to the β-methyl group trans to it. The magnitude of this relative shielding is greatest with ortho-substituted benzene rings. The cisoid homoallylic coupling constants in α,β,β-trimethylstyrenes (and indeed in all examples available from the literature) are smaller than the transoid homoallylic coupling constants.
Working with Mycorrhizas in Forestry and Agriculture (1996)

This manual is the result of an ACIAR-sponsored workshop to promote the use of mycorrhizal fungi for eucalypt plantation forestry in China. The manual explains procedures used by scientists who work with mycorrhizal fungi and roots in the laboratory, nursery, or natural and managed ecosystems. Forest nursery and plantation managers, horticulturists, agronomists, students and researchers will find it useful with many of the techniques used requiring readily obtainable and relatively inexpensive equipment and chemicals.
<i>N</i>-acylhomoserine lactonase producing<i>Rhodococcus</i>spp. with different AHL-degrading activities (2006)

N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) are conserved signal molecules that control diverse biological activities in quorum sensing system of Gram-negative bacteria. Recently, several soil bacteria were found to degrade AHLs, thereby interfering with the quorum sensing system. Previously, Rhodococcus erythropolis W2 was reported to degrade AHLs by both oxido-reductase and AHL-acylase. In the present study, two AHL-utilizing bacteria, strains LS31 and PI33, were isolated and identified as the genus Rhodococcus. They exhibited different AHL-utilization abilities: Rhodococcus sp. strain LS31 rapidly degraded a wide range of AHLs, including N-3-oxo-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (OHHL), whereas Rhodococcus sp. strain PI33 showed relatively less activity towards 3-oxo substituents. Coculture of strain LS31 with Erwinia carotovora effectively reduced the amount of OHHL and pectate lyase activity, compared with coculture of strain PI33 with E. carotovora. A mass spectrometry analysis indicated that both strains hydrolyzed the lactone ring of AHL to generate acylhomoserine, suggesting that AHL-lactonases (AHLases) from the two Rhodococcus strains are involved in the degradation of AHL, in contrast to R. erythropolis W2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on AHLases of Rhodococcus spp.
Reviews of Books (1940)

Journal Article Reviews of Books Get access The Diplomacy of the Balkan Wars, 1912–1913. By E. G. HELMREICH. (Cambridge : Harvard University Press, 1938.) WILLIAM MILLER WILLIAM MILLER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LV, Issue CCLXVII, January 1940, Pages 145–146, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LV.CCLXVII.145 Published: 01 January 1940
Single-step lift-off process using chlorobenzene soak on AZ4000 resists (1985)

A single-step lift-off process using chlorobenzene soak on AZ4110 resist is described. The effects of the soak time and temperature on the thickness of the overhang is presented. This process provides thick overhang with vertical side walls, which are essential for the successful lift-off. Finally, the effect of deep UV exposure on the lift-off is discussed.
O to N migration in reactions of O-substituted hydroxylamines (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTO to N migration in reactions of O-substituted hydroxylaminesFrancis A. Carey and Larry J. HayesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 26, 7613–7614Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00729a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00729a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Loss of Genomic Imprinting in Mouse Parthenogenetic Embryonic Stem Cells (2007)

In mammals, complementary contributions of both the maternal and the paternal genomes are required for normal development because of the parental-allele-specific modification of the genome, called genomic imprinting. Therefore, parthenogenetic embryos (PG) with two maternal genomes cannot develop to term, and PG chimeras show a restricted cell contribution of donor cells and reduced weight, although they can develop to term. On the other hand, parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (PGES) chimeras are more normal in their tissue contribution of donor cells and body weight compared with PG chimeras. To elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms underlying this, we analyzed the imprint status in donor cells of PGES and PG chimeras. In somatic lineages, genomic imprinting was lost in some PGES chimeras, whereas those in PG chimeras were almost totally maintained. Moreover, loss of imprints correlated to the gene expression pattern of imprinted genes. Therefore, this loss of imprinting in PGES chimeras could improve the tissue contribution and body weight to a normal level. On the other hand, in germ lineages, both PGES and PG in chimeras showed normal erasure of imprints, indicating that the reprogramming in germ lineages is an inevitable event, regardless of the imprint status of primordial germ cells.
Activation of pigeon erythrocyte membrane adenylate cyclase by guanylnucleotide analogues and separation of a nucleotide binding protein. (1975)

Metabolically stable GTP analogues were 10 to 40 times more potent activators of DL-isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) from pigeon erythrocyte membranes that GTP. The order of effectiveness was guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) greater than guanylyl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) greater than guanylyl methylenediphosphonate (Gpp(CH2)p greater than GTP. In contrast to activation with GTP, activation by analogues was independent of ATP concentration. The analogues seem to bind, however, to the same regulatory sites in membrane preparations to which GTP is bound but with higher affinity; Kdiss for (14C)Gpp-(nh)p and (3H)Gpp(CH2)p and membranes was 0.7 and 2.4 x 10-7 M, respectively. DL-Isoproterenol did not increase the amount of guanylnucleotide bound, it merely accelerated and potentiated activation. Bound radioactive GTP analogues were recovered unchanged from the membrane pellet. This and mutual displacement of analogues and GTP ruled out covalent attachment of the whole or of part of the nonphosphorylating GTP analogues. Treatment of the membrane preparation with Gpp(NH)p effectively (greater than 80%) protected DL-isoproterenol-activated adenylate cyclase against the action of Filipin or Lubrol PX. Activation of membrane-bound adenylate cyclase with GTP analogues resulted in a stable enzyme which could be nearly completely resolved from membranes with Lubrol PX and stripped of lipids and detergent without loss of activity. This effect was synergistically amplified by DL-isoproterenol. A protein fraction with an apparent molecular weight of 230,000, containing about 90% of (14C)Gpp(NH)p originally bound to membranes, could be solubilized and separated from adenylate cyclase activity by chromatography on Sepharose 4B. The binding protein was purified about 40- to 80-fold from activated membranes. Removal of the nucleotide binding protein was also achieved by affinity chromatography with GTP gamma S coupled to Sepharose via a spacer. When membranes which were not or only weakly and reversibly activated (with GMP) were used as source of the soluble preparation, removal of the binding protein resulted in 75% loss of Gpp(NH)p activation without change in basal and Mg2+/F-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. It is assumed that the GTP analogues cause an unphysiological, irreversible activation of membrane-bound adenylate cyclase, because, in contrast to the natural guanylnucleotides whose action they mimic, they are metabolically inert and bound quasi-irreversibly to regulatory sites.
Transcranial optical vascular imaging (TOVI) of cortical hemodynamics in mouse brain (2014)

In vivo imaging of cerebral vasculature and blood flow provides highly valuable information for clinicians as well as researchers. Nevertheless, currently available methods are complex, time-consuming and expensive. Here, we present a novel, minimally invasive method for vascular imaging through the sufficiently transparent intact skull of young mice. Our method combines laser speckle and fluorescent imaging with dynamic color mapping and image fusion. Quickly generated wide-field images present clear visual information on blood flow and perfusion in the cerebral cortex and meninges. The ability of the method to visualize hemodynamic changes is demonstrated by induced occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The compact and easily operated system comprises of several pieces of standard and affordable laboratory equipment. This simple, robust and inexpensive method may become an important tool for assessment of brain hemodynamics in preclinical studies.
Potent and Selective Triazole-Based Inhibitors of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl-Hydroxylases with Activity in the Murine Brain (2015)

As part of the cellular adaptation to limiting oxygen availability in animals, the expression of a large set of genes is activated by the upregulation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs). Therapeutic activation of the natural human hypoxic response can be achieved by the inhibition of the hypoxia sensors for the HIF system, i.e. the HIF prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs). Here, we report studies on tricyclic triazole-containing compounds as potent and selective PHD inhibitors which compete with the 2-oxoglutarate co-substrate. One compound (IOX4) induces HIFα in cells and in wildtype mice with marked induction in the brain tissue, revealing that it is useful for studies aimed at validating the upregulation of HIF for treatment of cerebral diseases including stroke.
Plasma Carnitine Kinetics during Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (1997)

The accelerated flux of carnitine in the graft may be associated with deterioration of energy metabolism in the graft. An increased acylcarnitine concentration may reflect impaired liver regeneration.