gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Name resolution in on-demand MANETs and over external IP networks (2004)

Common user applications cannot run in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) before a method for name resolution is in place. While the domain name system (DNS) works well on the fixed Internet, it represents a centralized approach to name resolution, which is not suitable for MANETs. This article refines the framework developed for name resolution in MANETs and shows a mechanism for local name resolution can be implemented transparently to the application. It also proposes methods to align local name resolution on the MANET with DNS over external IP networks, forming one integrated method for name resolution. Finally, different strategies for how to store name-to-address mappings on the MANETs are discussed.
Management of obesity: medical treatment options. (1997)

Obesity is a common and serious health problem in the United States. Excess weight is associated with an increased mortality rate, as well as such risk factors as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus. Numerous treatments are available for obesity. Behavioral therapy, surgery and pharmacologic treatment have been used with varying degrees of success. Pharmacologic therapy includes primarily noradrenergic agents and/or serotonergic agents. Newer preparations are currently under development. Behavior modification, including regular exercise and the development of healthy eating habits remains the best hope for long-term weight loss. However, surgery or medication can be useful in specific circumstances.
Th17 Cytokines in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Discerning the Good from the Bad (2013)

T helper (Th) 17 cells are a branch of the CD4+ T cell compartment involved in host protection against bacterial and fungal infections as well as in orchestration of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity in many organs. Th17 cells produce interleukin (IL)-17A and variable amounts of IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22 and IL-26, under the regulation of retinoic-acid-related orphan receptors (ROR)-γt and ROR-α. Accumulating evidence supports the involvement of Th17 cells in the tissue-damaging immune response occurring in patients with Crohn's disease and patients with ulcerative colitis, the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in human beings. However in the gut, Th17 cells can also have tissue-protective effects, mostly depending on their ability to enhance epithelial barrier function and counter-regulatory mechanisms. In this article, we summarize the available data on the dual role of Th17 cells in gut homeostasis and inflammation and discuss whether and how Th17 cytokine blockers can enter into the therapeutic armamentarium of IBD.
Analysis of a Two-Hop Centralized Packet Radio Network--Part I: Slotted ALOHA (1980)

The design of packet radio systems involves a large number of design variables that interact in a very complex fashion. As this design problem in its general form is quite complex, a viable approach is to analyze some simple but typical configurations in an attempt to understand the behavior of these systems. In this paper, a two-hop centralized configuration is considered in which traffic originates at terminals, is destined to a central station, and requires for its transport the relaying of packets by store-and-forward repeaters. The through-put-delay performance is derived, and its dependence on such key system variables as the network topology, the transmission protocol, and the repeaters' storage capacities, is given. In this part, devices are assumed to be utilizing the slotted ALOHA access mode. Carrier sense multiple access is treated in Part II of this series [1].
Cardiac Mechanoreceptors (1983)

The sections in this article are: 1 Historical Landmarks 1.1 Depressor Reflexes From the Heart 1.2 Pressor Reflexes From the Heart 1.3 Electrophysiological Recordings From Vagal Afferents 1.4 Electrophysiological Recordings From Sympathetic Afferents 2 Morphological Notes 3 Receptors with Vagal Afferents 3.1 Atrial Receptors With Myelinated Afferents 3.1.1 Discharge Characteristics 3.1.2 Reflex Effects 3.1.3 Connections to Central Nervous System 3.2 Ventricular Receptors With Myelinated Afferents 3.2.1 Discharge Characteristics 3.2.2 Reflex Effects 3.3 Cardiac Receptors With Unmyelinated Afferents (C Fibers) 3.3.1 Discharge Characteristics 3.3.2 Mechanisms for Activation 3.3.3 Electrical Stimulation 3.3.4 Reflex Effects 3.3.5 Connections to Central Nervous System 4 Tonic Vasomotor Inhibition from Cardiopulmonary Receptors 4.1 In Animals 4.1.1 Reflex Pattern 4.1.2 Interactions with Other Reflexes 4.2 In Humans 5 Role of Cardiopulmonary Reflexes 5.1 In Physiological State 5.1.1 Arterial Pressure 5.1.2 Heart Rate 5.1.3 Renal Water Excretion 5.1.4 Renin Release 5.1.5 Sodium Excretion 5.2 In Pathophysiological State 5.2.1 Hemorrhage 5.2.2 Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction 5.2.3 Asphyxia 5.2.4 Aortic Stenosis 5.2.5 Heart Failure 5.2.6 Hypertension 6 Receptors with Sympathetic Afferents 6.1 Methodological Notes 6.2 Atrial Receptors 6.3 Ventricular Receptors 6.3.1 Receptors with Myelinated Fibers 6.3.2 Receptors with Unmyelinated Fibers 6.3.3 Reductions in Coronary Blood Flow 6.3.4 Cardiac Nociception 6.4 Coronary Receptors 6.5 Receptors in Large Thoracic Vessels 6.5.1 Aortic Receptors 6.5.2 Pulmonary Artery Receptors 6.5.3 Pulmonary Vein Receptors 6.6 Reflex Effects 6.6.1 Acute Experiments 6.6.2 Chronic Experiments 6.7 Positive-Feedback Hypothesis 6.8 General Properties of Cardiovascular Sympathetic Afferents 7 Possible Interaction of Vagal and Sympathetic Afferents 8 Summary
Experimenting software radio with the Sora platform (2010)

Sora is a fully programmable, high performance software radio platform based on commodity general-purpose PC. In this demonstration, we illustrate the main features of the Sora platform that provide researchers flexible and powerful means to conduct wireless experiments at different levels with various goals. Specifically, the demonstrator will show four useful applications for wireless research that are built based on the Sora platform: 1) A capture tool that allows one to take a snapshot on a wireless channel; 2) a signal generation tool that allows one to transmit arbitrary baseband wave-form over the air, from a monophonic tone to a complex modulated frame; 3) an on-line real-time receiving application that uses the Sora User-Mode Extension; and 4) a fully featured Software radio WiFi driver (SoftWiFi) that can seamlessly inter-operate with commercial WiFi cards.
Implementation of an Open Multi-Service Router (2001)

This paper describes the design, implementation, and performance of an open, high-performance, dynamically reconfigurable Multi-Service Router (MSR) being developed at Washington University in St. Louis. This router provides an experimentation platform for research on protocols, router software, and hardware design, network management, quality of service and advanced applications. The MSR has been designed to be flexible, without sacrificing performance. It support gigabit links and uses a scalable architecture suitable for supporting hundreds or even thousands of links. The MSR's flexibility makes it an ideal platform for experimental research on dynamically extensible networks that implement higher level functions in direct support of individual application sessions.
One step purification process for no-carrier-added <sup>64</sup>Cu produced using enriched nickel target (2011)

Abstract Copper-64 has found many applications in positron emission tomography (PET). Its half-life allows to use it for dosimetric studies associated to copper-67 targeted radiotherapy in cancer treatment. The use of 64 Ni( p , n ) 64 Cu nuclear reaction is known to produce 64 Cu in large amount and with a high specific activity. In this study, targets were obtained by electroplating onto a gold backing and a typical target irradiation uses 200ߙnA, 17ߙMeV protons during 30ߙmin. After irradiation, pure copper-64 is obtained using only one chromatographic column. Nickel-64 is removed in a first elution step and cobalt isotopes in a second one. The extraction yield for copper-64 is 9±23% and nickel and cobalt impurities are under the detection limit. A recovery process of nickel-64 has also been developed.
Bioavailability in the Human Eye of a Fixed Combination of Latanoprost and Timolol Compared to Monotherapy (2002)

The ocular pharmacokinetics of a single topical administration of a fixed combination (FC) of latanoprost 0.005% and timolol 0.5% was compared to the monotherapies of latanoprost and timolol in cataract surgery patients. The absorption rate of latanoprost and timolol into the aqueous humor was similar after administration of the FC compared to the two drugs given separately. The aqueous humor concentration of the acid of latanoprost tended to be higher 1-4 hours after administration of FC compared to latanoprost monotherapy. This resulted in an increased AUC. The Tmax and elimination half-life of both latanoprost and timolol were similar after administration of either FC or the two drugs given as monotherapy. Latanoprost did not have any influence on the ocular pharmacokinetics of timolol. The bioavailability of latanoprost and timolol into human aqueous humor, after FC, was at least as good as for the two drugs administered separately.
Optimal Replacement in the Proportional Hazards Model With Semi-Markovian Covariate Process and Continuous Monitoring (2011)

Motivated by the increasing use of condition monitoring technology for electrical transformers, this paper deals with the optimal replacement of a system having a hazard function that follows the proportional hazards model with a semi-Markovian covariate process, which we assume is under continuous monitoring. Although the optimality of a threshold replacement policy to minimize the long-run average cost per unit time was established previously in a more general setting, the policy evaluation step in an iterative algorithm to identify optimal threshold values poses computational challenges. To overcome them, we use conditioning to derive an explicit expression of the objective in terms of the set of state-dependent threshold ages for replacement. The iterative algorithm is customized for our model to find the optimal threshold ages. A three-state example illustrates the computational procedure, as well as the effects of different sojourn time distributions of the covariate process on the optimal policy and cost. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis provide some insights into the suitability of a Markov approximation, and the sources of variability in the cost. The optimization method developed here is much more efficient than the approach that approximates continuous monitoring as periodic, and then optimizes the periodic monitoring parameters.
Oil-Film Behaviour of Reciprocating Slider with Circular Profile : Observation of Oil-Film by Means of Thin-Film Interferometry (1979)

The oil film behaviour of a piston ring is an important matter worthy to be clarified. However, because of a too complicated phenomenon to be satisfactorily analyzed and of difficulty in measurement with high accuracy, information available on the oil film behaviour in an actuating engine is insufficient. This paper refers to an experimental work which has been carried out with a specially designed reciprocating test equipment, in which the oil film thickness between a piston-ring specimen and a plane glass plate substituting for a cylinder surface can be measured by means of a thin film interferometry. By this procedure (1) variation of oil film thickness with the reciprocating motion and (2) effective pressure built-up region of oil film have been examined and the results of the experiments have been compared with those of theoretical analyses based on the assumption that the pressure region of oil film varies according to the Reynolds boundary condition.
Computational Study of the Formation of Short Centrosymmetric N–H···S Supramolecular Synthon and Related Weak Interactions in Crystalline 1,2,4-Triazoles (2014)

A comprehensive analysis of the crystal packing and the energetic features of a series of four biologically active molecules belonging to the family of substituted 4-(benzylideneamino)-3-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-(4H)-thione derivatives have been performed based on the molecular conformation and the supramolecular packing. This involves the formation of a short centrosymmetric R22(8) N–H···S supramolecular synthon in the solid state, including the presence of C–H···S, C–H···O, C–H···N, C–H···F, C–H···Cl, C–F···F–C, C–Cl···Cl–C, and C–H···π intermolecular interactions along with π–π stacking to evaluate the role of noncovalent interactions in the crystal. The presence of such synthons has a substantial contribution toward the interaction energy (−18 to −20 kcal/mol) as obtained from the PIXEL calculation, wherein the Coulombic and polarization contribution are more significant than the dispersion contribution. The geometrical characteristics of such synthons favor short distance, and the population of related molecules having these geometries is rare as has been obtained from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). Furthermore, their interaction energies have been compared with those present in our molecules in the solid state. The topological characteristics of the N–H···S supramolecular synthon, in addition to related weak interactions, C–H···N, C–H···Cl, C–F···F–C, and C–Cl···Cl–C, have been estimated using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). In addition, an analysis of the Hirshfeld surface and associated fingerprint plots of these four molecules also have provided a platform for the evaluation of the contribution of different atom···atom contacts, which contribute toward the packing of the molecules in solids.
Telomerase activity in melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (1998)

Telomeres are specialized structures consisting of repeat arrays of TTAGGGn located at the ends of chromosomes. They are essential for chromosome stability and, in the majority of normal somatic cells, telomeres shorten with each cell division. Most immortalized cell lines and tumours reactivate telomerase to stabilize the shortening chromosomes. Telomerase activation is regarded as a central step in carcinogenesis and, here, we demonstrate telomerase activation in premalignant skin lesions and also in all forms of skin cancer. Telomerase activation in normal skin was a rare event, and among 16 samples of normal skin (one with a history of chronic sun exposure) 12.5% (2 out of 16) exhibited telomerase activity. One out of 16 (6.25%) benign proliferative lesions, including viral and seborrhoeic wart samples, had telomerase activity. In premalignant actinic keratoses and Bowen's disease, 42% (11 out of 26) of samples exhibited telomerase activity. In the basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) lesions, telomerase was activated in 77% (10 out of 13) and 69% (22 out of 32) respectively. However, only 25% (3 out of 12) of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) had telomerase activity. With the exception of one SCC sample, telomerase activity in a positive control cell line derived from a fibrosarcoma (HT1080) was not inhibited when mixed with the telomerase-negative SCC or CMM extracts, indicating that, overall, Taq polymerase and telomerase inhibitors were not responsible for the negative results. Mean telomere hybridizing restriction fragment (TRF) analysis was performed in a number of telomerase-positive and -negative samples and, although a broad range of TRF sizes ranging from 3.6 to 17 kb was observed, a relationship between telomerase status and TRF size was not found.
Exploring the design space of programmable friction for scrolling interactions (2012)

Scrolling interactions are an important aspect of the design of usable touchscreen interfaces, particularly for handheld devices that can only display a limited amount of information at once. Using a touchscreen capable of dynamically altering its surface friction, we explore the design space of haptically-augmented scrolling interactions and investigate programmable friction's ability to provide appropriate feedback in envisioned usage scenarios. We performed five user experiments to evaluate respectively the identifiability of a set of iconic detents, the countability of detents, the perception of detent density, the synchronization of tactile feedback to on-screen events, and the optimal friction pattern for a spring-like resistance. The results of these experiments provide valuable information that will inform the design of scrolling interactions that leverage programmable friction for an improved user experience.
Voltage doubler application in isolated resonant converters (2005)

Two basic conditions of voltage-doubler adopted in isolated DC/DC converter are analyzed. According to the basic conditions, that voltage-doubler can be both adopted in LC series resonant converter and LLC multi-resonant converter. Operation characteristic of voltage-doubler adopted in isolated DC/DC converter is described in detail based on the analysis of voltage-doubler rectifying LLC multi-resonant converter. Advantages of voltage-doubler rectifying LLC multi-resonant converter are described in detail as follows, structure of transformer, in which one winding is involved on its secondary side, is simple, voltage stress of output capacitor is half of output and extra voltage balancing circuit is excluded. Two rectifier diodes are included on output end, voltage and current stress of diodes respectively equal output voltage and current. Therefore, the topology is a preferable candidate for such application as low-medium power level DC/DC converter with high output voltage. In addition, principle of automatic voltage balancing for output capacitor is presented, moreover design of key parameter is specified as well. Presented characteristics of the very topology are verified by a prototype, whose output is 500 V and efficiency of full load reaches 92.3%.
Characteristics of GaN-based LED fabricated on a GaN-on-silicon platform (2014)

In this paper, we describe the fabrication and characterization of a GaN-based light-emitting diode (LED) on a GaN-on-silicon platform. A freestanding membrane structure eliminates the absorption of the emitted light by a silicon substrate and reduces the number of confined optical modes, leading to higher photoluminescence intensity. Compared with an LED with a silicon substrate, the current–voltage characteristics of a freestanding membrane LED demonstrate a lower turn-on voltage and a steeper current–voltage profile. Both anomalous positive capacitance peak and negative capacitance are observed in the capacitance–voltage measurements, which correspond well to the current–voltage characteristics. The measured electroluminescence intensity is significantly increased for a freestanding membrane LED. These experimental results show that our proposed substrate removal technology is promising for the fabrication of a high-performance membrane LED for diverse applications.
Murine polyspecific antibodies. I. Monoclonal and serum anti-DNA antibodies cross-reactive with 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl derivatives. (1985)

Six anti-DNA hybridoma autoantibodies were prepared by fusing spleen cells from unimmunized MRL/MpJ/lpr/lpr female mice with BALB/c myeloma cells. The monoclonal antibodies were analyzed by solid-phase ELISA for antigen-binding specificities. Three antibodies (62A2, 85A5, and 43B2) bound ssDNA, TNP-KLH, and recognized an epitope(s) present on insolubilized proteins such as BSA, KLH, ferritin, and insulin. The antibodies bound, with a marked preference, TNP-KLH, either soluble or insoluble. The other three antibodies (35A1, 32C5, and 39D2) bound only ssDNA. However, this binding was inhibited by free flavinic acid. None of the six antibodies bound either cardiolipin or proteoglycans, indicating that they do not recognize the repeating negatively charge units common to cardiolipin, proteoglycans, and DNA. All six monoclonal antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography with TNP-Sepharose. Moreover, both anti-DNA and anti-TNP antibodies from sera of nonautoimmune and autoimmune mice were purified easily on TNP-Sepharose.
Characterization of the indoor radio propagation channel at 2.4 GHz (2000)

The unlicensed industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band at 2.4 GHz has gained increased attention recently due to the high data rate communication systems developed to operate in this band. The paper presents measurement results of fading characteristics, multipath parameters and background interference for these frequencies. Some statistical analysis of the measured data is presented. The paper provides information that may be useful in design and deployment of communication systems operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, like those compliant with IEEE 802.11 standard and Bluetooth open wireless standard
Mathematical Theory of Computation (1991)

Abstract : This project was concerned with the development of correct and reusable software through the use of higher order abstractions (function, control, assignment, process) and reflection. A semantic framework for these notions will be the basis of an experimental system for manipulating and reasoning about programs. The goals of this project were the development of logical formalisms for reasoning about programs that use abstractions and reflection, and the application of these theoretical results to selected software problems. Example applications include (1) clarification of existing programming paradigms, (2) analysis of existing and proposed languages used in the DARPA community for specifying, writing, and transforming programs, and (3) development and implementation of tools for computer aided reasoning about and operating on programs. The accomplishments of this project fit into four categories: (1) logics for reasoning about function and control abstractions; (2) logics for reasoning about data mutation; (3) logics for reasoning about function and control abstractions in the presence of mutable data; and (4) applying methodology for reasoning about programs to the mechanical verification of hardware.
Globalization and Postcolonial Nation in Malaysia: Theoretical Challenges and Historical Possibilities (2009)

With the conclusion of the Cold War and the advent of a neoliberal stage of capitalist expansion, it has been argued that national identifications have been increasingly replaced by emergent global modes of consciousness. Disagreements, however, abound over the historical role of the global. For some, it is seen as a subject of deterritorializing capital flows while for others, it supersedes nationalism and plays a central role in fighting the hegemony of modernist states and the excesses of neoliberal capitalism. Given these theoretical dilemmas, and the fact that nation-states have yet to disappear, the paper argues for a reorientation from pitting globalization against nationalism to their mutual constitution and reconstitution instead. With Malaysia as a case study, it argues that there is something substantive about nationalism and nation-state processes that demands a reconceptualization of nationalism and globalization. While the modern nation-state may be a political institution universalized via colonization and its consequences, its normative content and the mechanisms of nation-state building and national subject-making are never shaped by a wholesale adoption of the Western model. Rather, it is premised upon improvisations in response to contextual and material particularities of different societies. The article explores how alternative definitions and histories of national integration in multiethnic postcolonial societies such as Malaysia can become a first step towards reconsidering the concepts of nation and nationalism.