gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
USING SOCIAL NETWORK PARADIGM FOR DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN CRM (2011)

This study develops a conceptual framework for applying social networks in usual CRM models. Recent changing in customer relationship theme and putting new media and network-based paradigm into practice makes it imperative to find how social networks affect CRMs. Accordingly, this study explains the role of social networks in customer relationship management by using its analysis, tools and aspects of this concepts based on CRM models. We have provided a SCRM framework that is based on usual CRM models and incorporates Social networks and its tools, methods and analysis. The framework is combination of Social networks concept and traditional CRM concepts.
The use of FITC‐conjugated gated monoclonal antibodies for determination of S‐phase cells with fluorescence microscopy (1985)

A method is modified to determine the DNA synthesizing cells in primary human breast tumors and cells with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) with FITC-conjugated monoclonal antibody against bromodeoxyuridine (FITC-M-anti-BrdUrd) and fluorescence microscopy. The DNA synthesizing cells were also determined from a portion of the same tissues by classical tritiated thymidine labeling (3HdThd) and autoradiography. The results from bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (BrdUrd-LI) and tritiated thymidine labeling index (3HdThd-LI) obtained from the same tissues were compared. The mean BrdUrd-LI for breast tumor was 5.4 +/- 1.0% and the mean 3HdThd-LI was 5.5 +/- 1.1%. Similarly, the labeling indexes obtained from mononuclear leukocytes of healthy donors had means of 0.5 +/- 0.1% and 0.6 +/- 0.1% for BrdUrd-LI and 3HdThd-LI, respectively. The change in the proliferation rate of mononuclear leukocyte population in the samples obtained from patients with ITP could be observed by both methods. The mean BrdUrd-LI of mononuclear leukocytes for this hematological disorder was 5.4 +/- 0.8%. These results suggest that was 6.1 +/- 0.8%. These results suggest that this relatively simple technique offers an alternative method for determining the DNA synthesizing cells in a given cell population.
Algorithms and Data Structures for a Music Notation System based on GUIDO Music Notation (2002)

Many aspects of computer-based music notation have been previously discussed. The presented thesis deals with the process of converting a textual description of music into a conventional musical score that can be either printed or viewed on a computer screen. The chosen textual music representation language is GUIDO Music Notation, an adequate, human-readable format, which has been developed since 1996. Because GUIDO Music Notation is not solely focused on score representation but rather on being able to represent all logical aspects of music, the conversion of arbitrary GUIDO descriptions into a conventional score is not necessarily an easy or straightforward task. The thesis begins by introducing the three-layered structure of GUIDO Music Notation. The most important features of GUIDO are presented and compared to other music representation languages. The thesis continues to describe how GUIDO descriptions are first converted into a suitable computer representation. Then, automatic musical typesetting algorithms work on this inner representation. The major difference to other music notation systems lies in the fact that all implemented typesetting algorithms are described as GUIDO to GUIDO transformations. Each step of the musical typesetting process adds more richness to the GUIDO description. The final description, which contains all typesetting information, is then used for viewing and printing the score. In this thesis, the implemented music notation algorithms are described, some of them in detail; especially those parts of the musical typesetting process that have similarities to text setting, namely spacing and line breaking, are presented. An improved algorithm for spacing a line of music is discussed and it is shown how the resulting spacing more closely matches the spacing of a human engraver. Additionally, a new algorithm for optimally filling pages is presented for the first time. The implemented music notation system is used within several applications including an online music notation server which is freely available on the Internet using any standard web browser.
Transformation of Solanum lycopersicum (tomatoes) with a growth regulating protein apyrase (2017)

In previous studies the role of apyrase in plant growth and development has been investigated in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Results obtained in Arabidopsis have suggested that ectoapyrases regulate plant growth and participate in wound responses. To apply these findings to an agriculturally relevant plant we transformed apyrase into tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum, MicroTom). Our goal is to overexpress and knockdown this gene in transgenic tomato plants to determine if their function in tomatoes is similar to those found in Arabidopsis. We first began by constructing vectors for apyrase to either overexpress the gene through a 35-S promoter in a pCambia 2300 plasmid or knockdown the gene by RNAi. These constructs were used for Agrobacterium mediated transformation of tomato plants, where kanamycin was used for plant selection. Thus far we have successfully produced transgenic tomato lines with Solanum apyrase overexpressed as judged by RT-PCR analysis. These transgenic tomato lines will be tested for growth phenotypes including increased fruit size.
Pretransplantation Donor–Recipient Pair Seroreactivity Against BK Polyomavirus Predicts Viremia and Nephropathy After Kidney Transplantation (2016)

Kidney transplant donors are not currently implicated in predicting BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection in kidney transplant recipients. It has been postulated, however, that BKPyV infection originates from the kidney allograft. Because BKPyV seroreactivity correlates with BKPyV replication and thus might mirror the infectious load, we investigated whether BKPyV seroreactivity of the donor predicts viremia and BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) in the recipient. In a retrospective cohort of 407 living kidney donor-recipient pairs, pretransplantation donor and recipient sera were tested for BKPyV IgG levels and correlated with the occurrence of recipient BKPyV viremia and BKPyVAN within 1 year after transplantation. Donor BKPyV IgG level was strongly associated with BKPyV viremia and BKPyVAN (p < 0.001), whereas recipient BKPyV seroreactivity showed a nonsignificant inverse trend. Pairing of high-BKPyV-seroreactive donors with low-seroreactive recipients resulted in a 10-fold increased risk of BKPyV viremia (hazard ratio 10.1, 95% CI 3.5-29.0, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, donor BKPyV seroreactivity was the strongest pretransplantation factor associated with viremia (p < 0.001) and BKPyVAN (p = 0.007). The proportional relationship between donor BKPyV seroreactivity and recipient infection suggests that donor BKPyV seroreactivity reflects the infectious load of the kidney allograft and calls for the use of pretransplantation BKPyV serological testing of (potential) donors and recipients.
3D curvature analysis with a novel one-shot technique (2014)

In this work we will show that it is possible to perform three-dimensional (3D) analysis and extract features without performing a 3D surface reconstruction. We propose a novel approach that consists in acquiring the scene under the projection of structured light (plus the natural ambient illumination), which allows us to obtain the depth gradient map using a simple processing step with very low hardware requirements.
S parameter-based experimental modeling of high Q MCM inductor with exponential gradient learning algorithm (2002)

Lumped inductors are very desirable passive components in wireless/RF circuits integrated on MCM substrate. This paper models the inductor from on-wafer high frequency measurement by utilizing the S parameter formulation and exponential gradient method. The S parameter formulation enables us to understand the phase shifting effects within the model while the exponential gradient learning algorithm provides us with a more robust and better fitting technique than the gradient descent algorithm. Both the magnitudes and phases of all S parameters fit well for all the inductors we constructed. It is shown that the phase shifting of the distributed effects should not be neglected even in MCM-D technology. The resulting experimental model provides measurement-verified solid ground for circuit design and numerical characterization.
Antigen‐specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell subset distribution in lymph nodes draining the site of herpes simplex virus infection (1997)

Inoculation with replicating virus leads to an increase in T cell numbers within lymph nodes that drain the site of infection. This increase has been associated with a nonspecific proliferation of bystander cells, with only a minority thought to be directed to the infectious agent. Such an assumption is largely based on precursor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) estimations using limiting dilution analysis. Recently, studies using more advanced molecular approaches have suggested that such functionally derived precursor frequencies considerably underestimate the proportion of T cells specific for the antigen under investigation. We have defined T cell receptor sequences characteristic of CTL populations directed to a dominant determinant of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein B (gB). In this investigation, we used this receptor signature as a probe to directly monitor changes occurring within lymph nodes draining the sites of active infection with HSV. We found that although lymph node CD8+ T cell numbers increase as a consequence of HSV infection, the majority of these cells are small resting cells that are not enriched for gB-specific receptors. In contrast, a significant proportion of activated T cells are highly enriched for CTL bearing gB-specific receptors. Our results are therefore consistent with a nonspecific migration of CTL precursors into the lymph nodes draining the site of infection, followed by the activation and proliferation of the antigen-specific subset that normally makes up a small proportion of the naive T cell repertoire.
P4‐356: Safety and Efficacy 31 Week Data of Anavex 2‐73 in a Phase 2A Study in Mild‐Moderate Alzheimer’S Disease Patients (2016)

ANAVEX2-73, a sigma-1 and muscarinic receptor agonist was tested in a Phase 2a study in patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Adverse Events (AEs) were recorded for determination of maximum tolerated dose (MTD), the Primary Endpoint of the study. Cognitive (MMSE, Cogstate, QEEG/ERP) and the functional (ADCS-ADL) markers were measured so as to establish a functional relationship between dosing regimen and efficacy outcomes, the Secondary Endpoint. Thirty-two AD patients 55-85 years old with MMSE between 16 and 28 were recruited. In PART A, participants were administered ANAVEX2-73 in a randomized, open-label, 2-period, cross-over, adaptive study lasting 5 weeks. In PART B all patients received ANAVEX2-73 daily orally and re-assessed at 5, 17 and 31 weeks. At 31 weeks 28 patients are continuing the study, with 36% receiving 20 mg and 32% receiving 30 mg dose. For safety and MTD determination, mathematical modeling was fitted to the recorded AEs to establish the dose-risk relationship. For efficacy, statistical hypothesis tests were performed on cognitive and functional markers. These functional markers were paired with the corresponding baselines and Δ-scores were analyzed. Primary Endpoints: A total of 170 AEs most frequent AEs (48) were dizziness and headache, thereof 37 with severity grade one and 11 severity grade two. 96% of all adverse events were of mild or moderate severity and all events resolved/recovered. MTD was estimated at 48 mg ANAVEX2-73. Secondary Endpoints: ANOVA reveals that the treatment effect remains the only factor that significantly influences the MMSE-Δ- (p=0.0285) and ERP-Δ-scores (p=0.0168). Those results were confirmed with post-hoc and Bayesian hierarchical analysis. For longitudinal 31 weeks data, repeated-measures ANOVA shows that MMSE-Δ, Cogstate-Δ and ADCS-ADL-Δ-scores were maintained at a constant level. Literature search does not seem to indicate existence of cases of not worsening both cognitive and functional scores over this period. The safety of ANAVEX2-73 was assessed and MTD was determined. Results from the clinical trial show that ANAVEX2-73 dose-dependently affects cognitive performance. Both cognitive and functional performance is maintained constant up to 31 weeks. Study will be completed with the pharmacokinetic part, currently ongoing. The data collected so far support further clinical development of ANAVEX2-73.
Characterization of Non-Conserved HLA-A<sup>*</sup>0201 Binding T cell Epitopes of JC Virus T Antigen (2008)

JC virus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes are associated with a favorable outcome in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. However, very few JC virus T cell epitopes restricted to MHC class I have been defined. Of the two HLA-A * 0201-restricted JCV epitopes, VP1 p36 and VP1 p100 , studies have shown that they are conserved T cell epitopes of polyomaviruses. The cross-recognition associated to these epitopes has complicated the efforts of understanding the dynamics of immune response to JC virus. Based on the previously identified HLA-A * 0201 binding T cell epitope of Simian virus 40 T antigen P 281–289 (KCDDVLLLL) and BK virus T antigen P 558–566 (SLQNSEFLL), T cell epitopes of JC Virus T antigen P 282–290 (KCEDVFLLM) and P 557–565 (SLSCSEYLL) were identified. In this report, we demonstrated that JC Virus P 282–290 and P 557–565 were able to stimulate T cell responses in healthy donors’ PBMCs and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes raised with both peptides could recognize and lyse their targets. Most importantly, there were no T cell cross-recognitions between JC Virus, BK Virus and SV40 virus. Therefore, JCV T-ag epitopes P 282–290 and P 557–565 could be better antigen epitopes compared to VP1 p36 and VP1 p100 to study the dynamics of cellular immune response to JCV in PML patients. In addition, as a HLA-A * 0201 binding T cell epitope, both peptides could be a valuable component of immunotherapies aiming at increasing the cellular immune response against JCV for the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
EFFECT OF MICROENCAPSULATION ON OXYGEN DISTRIBUTION IN ISLETS ORGANS (1994)

In islet transplantation, limitation of oxygen supply may restrict graft function, particularly when encapsulated tissue is used. Therefore, oxygen tensions (PO2) in isolated islet organs (Brockmann bodies) of Osphronemus gorami were measured. In a thermostatically (37 degrees C) controlled measuring chamber, PO2 values were recorded at subsequent microelectrode positions on a radial track toward the center of the organ. In 2 independent groups, we studied the effect of fluid convection (n = 12) and microencapsulation (n = 12). In both groups, sigmoidal PO2 profiles were found, which permit differentiation in an oxygen-depleted zone surrounding the surface, a steep decline inside the tissue corresponding to the oxygen-consuming rim, and a plateau in the center without oxygen consumption which reflects necrosis. The PO2 values decreased (P < 0.001) when convection was stopped. Compared with starting values, PO2 levels at the surface were 61 +/- 3% with and 41 +/- 4% without convection. Surface values for encapsulated tissue were 44 +/- 5% compared with 64 +/- 4% in nonencapsulated tissue. In the tissue, center oxygen dropped to 27 +/- 5% with convection and to 6 +/- 3% without, and to 11 +/- 3% for encapsulated tissue compared with 22 +/- 4% for nonencapsulated tissue. The thickness of the outer oxygen-depleted zone was 81 +/- 16 microns with and 196 +/- 57 microns without convection (P < 0.001), and 188 +/- 16 microns for encapsulated and 94 +/- 14 microns for nonencapsulated tissue (P < 0.001). The oxygen-consuming rim was 295 +/- 22 microns with and 235 +/- 36 microns without convection (NS), and 216 +/- 15 microns for encapsulated and 315 +/- 24 microns for nonencapsulated tissue (P < 0.01). These results illustrate the special distribution of oxygen in isolated islet tissue and indicate that barium alginate encapsulation may worsen oxygenation mainly by expanding the "unstirred water layer" surrounding the tissue.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies of L-Dopa in Rats. I. Pharmacokinetic Analysis of L-Dopa in Rat Plasma and Striatum. (1994)

The purpose of this investigation was to quantitatively describe the pharmacokinetics of exogenous and endogenous L-dopa in plasma and the striatum using a basic physiological model, and to determine the apparent metabolism clearance from L-dopa to dopamine in the striatum. Male Wistar rats were used in this study. The time courses of L-dopa concentrations in plasma and the striatum were determined before and after the rapid i.v. injection of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Plasma and striatum samples were obtained over 480 min (17 time points) from different group of animals and then assayed by HPLC-ECD. The endogenous L-dopa concentration in plasma before drug administration was 2.1 +/- 0.6 mg/l. The exogenous L-dopa concentration declined biexponentially with time after drug injection. The total clearance of exogenous L-dopa in plasma was 3.13(l/h)/kg. The production rate constant of endogenous L-dopa in plasma was 6.59(mg/h)/kg. The value of the production rate constant of endogenous L-dopa in plasma could be calculated by the multiplication of the total clearance of L-dopa and the endogenous L-dopa concentration in plasma before drug injection. The pharmacokinetics of endogenous and exogenous L-dopa in plasma could be described quantitatively by a two compartment model which included the production rate constant of endogenous L-dopa. The time course of L-dopa concentrations in the striatum was analyzed on a hybrid model in which the striatum compartment is independently connected with the plasma compartment by the apparent diffusion clearance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Highly Connected Two-Dimensional Crystals of DNA Six-Point-Stars (2006)

This paper reports a novel DNA six-point-star motif assembled from only three different DNA single-strands. This motif readily assembles into hexagonal two-dimensional arrays with high connectivity. Such a high connectivity could potentially improve the array stability.
On the Power Allocation and System Capacity of OFDM Systems Using Superimposed Training Schemes (2008)

Channel estimation in multipath environments is typically performed using the pilot-symbol-assisted modulation (PSAM) scheme. However, the traditional PSAM scheme requires the use of dedicated pilot subcarriers and therefore leads to a reduction in the bandwidth utilization. Accordingly, this paper investigates a channel-estimation approach for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems using a superimposed training (ST) scheme, in which the pilot symbols are superimposed onto the data streams prior to transmission. By using equally spaced pilot symbols of equal power and assuming that the number of pilots is larger than the channel order, it is shown that the channel-estimation performance is independent of the number of pilots used. The optimal ratio of the pilot symbol power to the total transmission power is analyzed to maximize the lower bound of the channel capacity. Overall, the current results show that the ST-based channel estimation schemes have a slightly poorer performance than the PSAM scheme but yield higher system capacity.
Application of Richards Growth Model to Random Growth Data in Hinai Chicken by Three Points Method. (1994)

Randaom growth data of body weights in Hinai chicken, which were sampled at 6, 10 and 21.4 weeks of ages obtained from 1984 to 1989, were applied to the Richards growth model by the three point method. Shape parameter“m”in the growth model was used from 0 to 2.0 with intervals of 0.1.1) Adaptation of the coefficient R2 (%) was obtained from the body weight data against the examination of 6 groups of models with 6, 10 and 21.4 weeks of growth stages before 6 weeks of age at 1977. The coefficient R2 fromthe growth stages with 6, 10 and 21.4 weeks of age were presented at 95.96-98.33%, respectively. It was slightly lower than other data.2) The parameter“A”which indicated the mature body weight from 1984 to 1989 was 1921.4-2524.9g in femal, respectively. The parameter“K”which indicated the growth rate was 0.0793-0.1758 in male and 0.0688-0.1258 in femal, respctively. Both of data from parameters“A”and“K”were not significant with growth rate against year.3) Estimated data of body weight were quitly small at 0 weeks of age in both sexes. Shape parameter“m”was 0.5 as in the previous data which was estimated by the data included with 0 weeks of age. These results suggested that the growth pattern which was obtained from restricted data to age might be also estimated by the 3 point method.
Comparison of buprenorphine and methadone in the treatment of opioid dependence (1994)

The results of this study provide further support for the utility of buprenorphine as a new medication in the treatment of opioid dependence and demonstrate efficacy equivalent to that of methadone when used during a clinically guided flexible dosing procedure.
Rational approximation theory and its applications in systems engineering: an overview (2002)

This article offers an overview of rational approximation theory and its applications in systems engineering. The importance of rational approximation theory in systems engineering and signal processing can be easily understood from the observation that all the transfer functions (matrices) of linear time-invariant systems and digital filters are rational functions (matrices). Rational approximation has a long history in the field of approximation theory, an important and active branch of mathematics, and has found very broad applications in control and systems engineering.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Translocation in Perennial Grasses (1964)

In recent years the application of radioisotope techniques has facilitated considerable advances in knowledge concerning translocation in plants. Autoradiographic studies with carbon-14 show that in grasses the process follows the same general principles as in other plants. Nevertheless, the basic pattern is modified by the characteristic morphology of the grasses and affected by the grazing, manuring and cutting to which pasture is subject.
Silicon-on-insulator processes for the fabrication of novel nanostructures (2001)

In this brief report, we discuss novel single crystal structures for electronic device and microelectromechanical system applications using processes that employ selective epitaxial growth (SEG) and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers. Selective epitaxial growth of silicon is used to provide robust, reliable mechanical and electrical contacts between the SOI layer and the substrate. Subsequent removal of the buried oxide results in single crystal structures suspended in air. The films can then be thinned using wet or dry etching or thinned using sacrificial oxidation steps with the possibility of forming ultrathin SOI layers. Diodes formed at the substrate–SEG junction demonstrate high breakdowns and low leakage indicating good electrical isolation between the SOI layer and the substrate. The silicon on air regions can be used for dual-gate metal–oxide–semiconductor devices, quantum wires, cantilevers, as a substrate for lattice mismatched epitaxy, ultrathin SOIs, and lateral field emission tips.