gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Foundational Considerations for Establishing an Integrated Business Common Core Curriculum (2000)

Abstract In response to industry demands and accreditation standards, many business schools are creating integrated versions of common body of knowledge (CBOK) courses, with varying degrees of success. Although content and presentation-related decisions are paramount to the success of the programs, other, more subtle issues are of equal importance, including the attitudes, infrastructure, and resources to successfully implement such an extensive and potentially disruptive curricular change. These issues represent the foundation on which the programs will be established. This artcle presents these foundational issues and the influence they have on the success or failure of integration efforts. A short “Readiness Test” is included to facilitate future integration efforts.
Pre‐identification of first buyers of a new food product (1999)

Addresses consumer innovativeness in the context of a new food product launch, using the Domain Specific Innovativeness (DSI) inventory. Investigates the effectiveness of the DSI scale in the identification of first buyers of a new food product (DeBrew Ham) within the delicatessen products domain. Two surveys were conducted, the first established the DSI cut‐off point within the general population and provided information on the behavioural traits associated with innovativeness. The second investigated buying behaviour in‐store following a new product (DeBrew Ham) launch. The findings indicate that the DSI scale is effective in pre‐identifying the buyer from non‐buyer of the new delicatessen product. However, a third group, non‐buying information seekers were not as easily distinguished from the buyers. Both groups scored similarly on the DSI scale. Further analysis of the underlying behavioural traits proved useful in differentiating between these two categories. “Usage rate” of delicatessen products and “amount of money spent” on these products was higher for buyer in comparison with non‐buying information seekers . Finally, this study examined the new product purchase preferences of all three groups. Responses to product preference ratings indicated that information seekers had a preference for cheeses while buyers had a preference for new cooked hams. This study supports the usefulness of the DSI scale in the pre‐identification of the first buyers of a new food product, which may be of assistance in new product development.
An update on Helicobacter pylori (1995)

Because of the limitations of animal models and the question of relevance of various in vitro observations, much controversy remains about the pathogenic mechanisms by which Helicobacter pylori can induce disease. Like those of other bacterial pathogens, the putative virulence factors of H. pylori can be divided into three groups: colonization factors, disease-inducing factors, and factors promoting persistence. Colonization factors allow the pathogen to become established in the host and include motility, urease production, and adhesion mechanisms. Disease-inducing factors consist of cytotoxins and urease, disruption of the gastric mucosal barrier, induction of inflammatory mediators, production of changed gastric physiology and possibly strain specific ulcerogenic properties. Finally, the importance of H. pylori infection may be due to its capacity for long-term persistence. An H. pylori infection can be considered a slow adaptive process. The mechanisms by which this pathogen survives and interacts with the host immune system may provide a model for other persistent mucosal pathogens. Eradication of H. pylori is now accepted therapy for peptic ulcer and may lead to elimination of a major risk factor for gastric malignancies.
Extracorporeal Detoxification Using the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System for Critically Ill Patients with Liver Failure (2001)

Liver failure resulting from different causes and its concomitant complications represent difficult-to-treat conditions with high mortality rates, despite improved therapeutic modalities in intensive care medicine. The accumulation of albumin-bound metabolites that are normally cleared by the liver, such as bilirubin and bile acids, contributes substantially to the development of multiorgan dysfunction in these clinical situations. The molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) represents a cell-free, extracorporeal, liver assistance method for the selective removal of albumin-bound substances. Moreover, it enables the removal of excess water and water-soluble substances via an inbuilt dialysis step. Since 1993, >400 patients have been treated in 53 centers in Europe, the United States, and Asia. Diseases treated with MARS included acute exacerbation of chronic hepatic failure, hepatorenal syndrome, acute hepatic failure, and primary nonfunction/poor function after liver transplantation and major liver resection. Treatments were well tolerated. No severe adverse events were observed. Six- to 8-h MARS treatments resulted in significant (P < 0.05) removal of bilirubin, bile acids, tryptophan, short- and middle-chain fatty acids, aromatic amino acids, and ammonia. Clearance rates for strongly albumin-bound substances were between 10 and 60 ml/min. The removal of albumin-bound toxins resulted in decreases in hepatic encephalopathy, increases in mean arterial pressure, and improvements in kidney and liver function. In the first randomized clinical trial of the MARS method for treatment of the hepatorenal syndrome, significant prolongation of survival was observed for the MARS-treated group. It is concluded that the MARS method can contribute to the treatment of critically ill patients with liver failure and different underlying diseases.
8-Channels, 10-Gbit/s operation of a clamped-gain semiconductor optical amplifier gate (1996)

Summary form only given. Wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) photonic transport networks with all-optical routing nodes based on space and wavelength switching are studied currently by several laboratories. For space switching, semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) constitute very attractive optical gates because they can offer gain to compensate for splitting losses as well as high ON/OFF ratio. In addition, by gain clamping techniques, system penalties due to cross-saturation-induced inter channel cross talk can be drastically reduced. We have experimented with a new type of clamped-gain SOA based on a DBR laser structure, which improves its system performance.
A microcontroller-based programmable temperature controller (2002)

A microcontroller-based programmable temperature controller developed using an RTD sensor is described. A resistance-to-time converter is employed to obtain a time-interval linearly varying with the sensor resistance. Using a counter of the microcontroller and suitable software, temperature under control is determined and compared with a target temperature. The resulting error, through a DDC implementation of PID algorithm, is used to control the firing angle of an SCR for controlling the power applied to heater. Experimental results are given in support of the scheme proposed.
Inductive bias and genetic programming (1995)

Many engineering problems may be described as a search for one near optimal description amongst many possibilities, given certain constraints. Search techniques such as genetic programming, seem appropriate to represent many problems. The paper describes a grammatically based learning technique based upon the genetic programming paradigm, that allows declarative biasing and modifies the bias as the evolution proceeds. The use of bias allows complex problems to be represented and searched efficiently.
Code-Mixing in Social Media Text: The Last Language Identification Frontier? (2013)

ABSTRACT: Automatic understanding of noisy social media text is one of the prime present-day research areas. Most research has so far concentrated on English texts ; however, more than half of the users are writing in other languages, making language identification a pre-requisite for comprehensive processing of social media text. Though language identification has been considered an almost solved problem in other applications, language detectors fail in the social media context due to phenomena such as code-mixing, code-switching, lexical borrowings, Anglicisms, and phonetic typing. This paper reports an initial study to understand the characteristics of code-mixing in the social media context and presents a system developed to automatically detect language boundaries in code-mixed social media text, here exemplified by Facebook messages in mixed English-Bengali and English-Hindi.
Flexible Radio Access Beyond 5G: A Future Projection on Waveform, Numerology, and Frame Design Principles (2017)

To address the vast variety of user requirements, applications, and channel conditions, flexibility support is strongly highlighted for 5G radio access technologies (RATs). For this purpose, usage of multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) numerologies, i.e., different parameterization of OFDM-based subframes, within the same frame has been proposed in the third-generation partnership project discussions for 5G new radio. This concept will likely meet the current expectations in multiple service requirements to some extent. However, since the quantity of wireless devices, applications, and heterogeneity of user requirements will keep increasing toward the next decade, the sufficiency of the aforementioned flexibility consideration remains quite disputable for future services. Therefore, novel RATs facilitating much more flexibility are needed to address various technical challenges, e.g., power efficiency, massive connectivity, latency, spectral efficiency, robustness against channel dispersions, and so on. In this paper, we discuss the potential directions to achieve further flexibility in RATs beyond 5G, such as future releases of 5G and 6G. In this context, a framework for developing flexible waveform, numerology, and frame design strategies is proposed along with sample methods. We also discuss their potential role to handle various upper-level system issues, including the ones in orthogonal and nonorthogonal multiple accessing schemes and cellular networks. By doing so, we aim to contribute to the future vision of designing flexible RATs and to point out the possible research gaps in the related fields.
Synthesis and Properties of Daunomycin Mono- and Oligonucleotide Derivatives (1991)

Abstract Daunomycin mono- and oligonucleotide derivatives were synthesized and their structure and some properties were investigated.
Mechanical Airway Obstruction After Cricoid Pressure with the Laryngeal Mask Airway (1994)

Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Cairns Base Hospital The Esplanade Cairns 4870, Australia (Brimacombe) Department of Anaesthesia Royal Berkshire Hospital London Rd. Reading, Berkshire RG1 5AN, UK (Berry)
Choosing among generalized linear models applied to medical data (1998)

When testing for a treatment effect or a difference among groups, the distributional assumptions made about the response variable can have a critical impact on the conclusions drawn. For example, controversy has arisen over transformations of the response (Keene). An alternative approach is to use some member of the family of generalized linear models. However, this raises the issue of selecting the appropriate member, a problem of testing non-nested hypotheses. Standard model selection criteria, such as the Akaike information criterion (AIC), can be used to resolve problems. These procedures for comparing generalized linear models are applied to checking for difference in T4 cell counts between two disease groups. We conclude that appropriate model selection criteria should be specified in the protocol for any study, including clinical trials, in order that optimal inferences can be drawn about treatment differences. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multilingual extension of a temporal expression normalizer using annotated corpora (2006)

This paper presents the automatic extension to other languages of TERSEO, a knowledge-based system for the recognition and normalization of temporal expressions originally developed for Spanish. TERSEO was first extended to English through the automatic translation of the temporal expressions. Then, an improved porting process was applied to Italian, where the automatic translation of the temporal expressions from English and from Spanish was combined with the extraction of new expressions from an Italian annotated corpus. Experimental results demonstrate how, while still adhering to the rule-based paradigm, the development of automatic rule translation procedures allowed us to minimize the effort required for porting to new languages. Relying on such procedures, and without any manual effort or previous knowledge of the target language, TERSEO recognizes and normalizes temporal expressions in Italian with good results (72% precision and 83% recall for recognition).
UNFOLD CoP Meeting in Berlin, November 2005 (2005)

Presentations and work documents carried out at the UNFOLD CoP Meeting in Berlin, in November 28th-29th, 2005
Experimental Facsimile Communication System on Packet Switched Data Network (1981)

The use of the public data network for facsimile communication has remarkable advantages with regard to high speed and reliable transmission and, in addition, it is well applicable to provide value added facilities for future service extension. The Research and Development Laboratories of Kokusai Denshin Denwa (KDD) Company, Ltd. have developed an experimental facsimile communication system on the packet switched data network (PSDN). The system is composed of packet switching exchanges (PSE), high speed digital facsimile terminal equipment, a facsimile communication processor (FCP), and facsimile packet assembly/ disassembly equipment (FAX-PAD). The facsimile equipment in the system adopts a two-dimensional modified READ code and has the interface protocol to the PSDN. The FCP provides the store-and-forward facilities to provide such services as delayed delivery, multiaddress delivery, and mailbox service. The FAX-PAD realizes the interworking between facsimile equipments on the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and those on PSDN. After various experiments including international field tests, it was confirmed that the system is useful for future advanced facsimile service.
Coherent and incoherent scattering by oceanic bubbles (1994)

A substantial amount of research on acoustic scattering by underwater bubbles is based on the theory of incoherent scattering. More recent work, devoted to much denser bubble assemblies, has instead used effective-media formulations that presuppose coherent effects. Here the mutual relationship between the two approaches is elucidated. It is shown that, underlying the incoherent results, is a WKB approximate solution of the effective equations. As an application, the scattering by tenuous subsurface bubble layers and acoustical bubble counting techniques are examined. Significant differences with previous results are found.
Opportunistic strategies for lightweight signal processing for body sensor networks (2010)

We present a mobile platform for body sensor networking based on a smartphone for lightweight signal processing of sensor mote data. The platform allows for local processing of data at both the sensor mote and smartphone levels, reducing the overhead of data transmission to remote services. We discuss how the smartphone platform not only provides the ability for wearable signal processing, but it allows for opportunistic sensing strategies, in which many of the onboard sensors and capabilities of modern smartphones may be collected and fused with body sensor data to provide environmental and social context. We propose that this can help refine data reduction at the local level. We describe three examples related to health and wellness, to which our system has been applied.
A Review of Wearable IMU (Inertial-Measurement-Unit)-based Pose Estimation and Drift Reduction Technologies (2018)

Accurate tracking of the orientation of a rigid object is important in several domains, such as sports training, rehabilitation and animation. As technology develops, IMU-based method becomes an increasingly popular approach for navigation and motion tracking. However, IMUs suffer from integration drift. As a result, technologies for reduction of the integration drift are important and meaningful. In this paper, we gave a review on principles of IMU-based pose estimation methods, introduced an integration drift reduction method called Kalman Filter and discussed the proper application fields for wearable IMU. Compared to other sensor used for pose estimation, wearable IMU has better self-independence, leading to its validity in all the environments, and it can provide good real-time estimation at a small cost of money and power.
The Waltham book of dog and cat behaviour (1992)

Evolution and domestication behavioural biology behavioural development of the cat behavioural development of the dog social behaviour of the cat social behaviour of the dog feeding behaviour pets and people.
Cortical drive of low-frequency oscillations in the human nucleus accumbens during action selection (2015)

The nucleus accumbens is thought to contribute to action selection by integrating behaviorally relevant information from multiple regions, including prefrontal cortex. Studies in rodents suggest that information flow to the nucleus accumbens may be regulated via task-dependent oscillatory coupling between regions. During instrumental behavior, local field potentials (LFP) in the rat nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex are coupled at delta frequencies (Gruber AJ, Hussain RJ, O'Donnell P. PLoS One 4: e5062, 2009), possibly mediating suppression of afferent input from other areas and thereby supporting cortical control (Calhoon GG, O'Donnell P. Neuron 78: 181-190, 2013). In this report, we demonstrate low-frequency cortico-accumbens coupling in humans, both at rest and during a decision-making task. We recorded LFP from the nucleus accumbens in six epilepsy patients who underwent implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes. All patients showed significant coherence and phase-synchronization between LFP and surface EEG at delta and low theta frequencies. Although the direction of this coupling as indexed by Granger causality varied between subjects in the resting-state data, all patients showed a cortical drive of the nucleus accumbens during action selection in a decision-making task. In three patients this was accompanied by a significant coherence increase over baseline. Our results suggest that low-frequency cortico-accumbens coupling represents a highly conserved regulatory mechanism for action selection.
Steady-state distribution. New instrument for continued batchwise separation by extraction (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteady-state distribution. New instrument for continued batchwise separation by extractionFrank C. AlderweireldtCite this: Anal. Chem. 1961, 33, 13, 1920–1924Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50154a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50154a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiple Doppler shifts compensation and ICI elimination by beamforming in high-mobility OFDM systems (2011)

Although OFDM is an effective way to mitigate the multipath spread of the wireless channels by a simple equalization, it is very sensitive to Doppler effect. Doppler spreading due to the mobility of communication terminals destroys the orthogonality among the subcarriers, and results in intercarrier interference, which degrades the system performance. In this paper, we employ array beamforming and interference suppression to compensate multiple Doppler shifts in high-speed OFDM systems. The proposed method uses uniform circular array to separate different paths with unique Doppler shift, and then correct Doppler offsets in different paths respectively. This scheme not only eases channel estimation and equalization but also utilizes the multipath characteristics of wireless channel and provides Doppler diversity gains. Simulation results show that when sufficient elements were used, the proposed scheme can effectively combat the BER error floor in high-mobility scenario and have great performance enhancement over traditional methods.
Individual Sequence Prediction Using Memory-Efficient Context Trees (2009)

Context trees are a popular and effective tool for tasks such as compression, sequential prediction, and language modeling. We present an algebraic perspective of context trees for the task of individual sequence prediction. Our approach stems from a generalization of the notion of margin used for linear predictors. By exporting the concept of margin to context trees, we are able to cast the individual sequence prediction problem as the task of finding a linear separator in a Hilbert space, and to apply techniques from machine learning and online optimization to this problem. Our main contribution is a memory efficient adaptation of the perceptron algorithm for individual sequence prediction. We name our algorithm the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">shallow perceptron</i> and prove a <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">shifting</i> mistake bound, which relates its performance with the performance of any sequence of context trees. We also prove that the shallow perceptron grows a context tree at a rate that is upper bounded by its mistake rate, which imposes an upper bound on the size of the trees grown by our algorithm.