gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Annexin 1, Glucocorticoids, and the Neuroendocrine–Immune Interface (2006)

Annexin 1 (ANXA1) was originally identified as a mediator of the anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids (GCs) in the host defense system. Subsequent work confirmed and extended these findings and also showed that the protein fulfills a wider brief and serves as a signaling intermediate in a number of systems. ANXA1 thus contributes to the regulation of processes as diverse as cell migration, cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, vesicle fusion, lipid metabolism, and cytokine expression. Here we consider the role of ANXA1 in the neuroendocrine system, particularly the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Evidence is presented that ANXA1 plays a critical role in effecting the negative feedback effects of GCs on the release of corticotrophin (ACTH) and its hypothalamic-releasing hormones and that it is particularly pertinent to the early-onset actions of the steroids that are mediated via a nongenomic mechanism. The paracrine/juxtacrine mode of ANXA1 action is discussed in detail, with particular reference to the significance of the secondary processing of ANXA1, the processes that control the intracellular and transmembrane trafficking of the protein of the molecule and the mechanism of ANXA1 action on its target cells. In addition, the role of ANXA1 in the perinatal programming of the HPA axis is discussed.
Shedding Light on Variational Autoencoders (2018)

Deep neural networks provide the canvas to create models of millions of parameters to fit distributions involving an equally large number of random variables. The contribution of this study is twofold. First, we introduce a diffraction dataset containing computer-based simulations of a Young's interference experiment. Then, we demonstrate the adeptness of variational autoencoders to learn diffraction patterns and extract a latent feature that correlates with the physical wavelength.
Invitation to a dialogue between researchers and clinicians about evidence-based behavioral medicine (2005)

Clinicians, researchers, and, importantly, the public will benefit from the evidence-based movement by having a health care system that is built on solid grounds of evidence in determining which treatments should constitute the standard of care. A full partnership between clinicians and researchers is called for to generate the practical, rigorous evidence base needed to take behavioral health treatments to the next level of scientific support and implementation.
Modeling and combining evidence provided by document relationships using probabilistic argumentation systems (1998)

Previous research has shown that hypertext links may be a useful source of evidence for document contents and relevance, but these evidence are rather difficult to represent and combine. This paper introduces a new and sound model for representing and handling hypertext links in IR. This model is based on ctProbabilistic Argumentation Systems )), a technique which combines logic and probability to handle uncertainty.
A novel platform for enhanced biosensing based on the synergy effects of electrospun polymer nanofibers and graphene oxides (2012)

A novel biosensing platform was developed by combining the advantages of electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan nanofibers and graphene oxides (GO). Glucose oxidase (GOD) was employed as a model enzyme. By co-electrospinning the solution of PVA, chitosan, GOD and GO, the PVA/chitosan/GOD/GO nanofibers were directly modified on the platinum (Pt) electrode. The UV-vis spectra and the FTIR spectra were used to characterize the GO nanosheets. The morphologies of fabricated electrospun nanofibers were characterized by high resolution scanning electron microscopy. After a thin layer of nafion was modified on the surface of matrix, the as-prepared electrode was used to detect glucose. The electrode exhibited great advantages in high sensitivity, low detection limit and wide linear range. In the meantime, the electrode showed good stability, acceptable reproducibility, and excellent anti-interference capability for ascorbic acid, uric acid, lactose and sucrose. Moreover, the novel biosensor was successfully applied for the glucose determination in human serum samples. The mechanism of efficient biosensing of the nafion/PVA/chitosan/GOD/GO/Pt electrode was analyzed in detail and the results show that it can be due to the synergy effects of electrospun nanofibers and GO nanosheets.
Resonant properties of ordered carbon nanotube arrays (2008)

In this contribution we report mechanical resonance properties of ordered carbon nanotube arrays as elements of microwave and acoustic nanoelectromechanical systems in continuum approximation for frequency range 0.1 MHz - 70 GHz.
Component effects in phase separation of polymer‐polymer‐solvent systems (1956)

Abstract The nature of phase separation in polymer‐polymer‐solvent systems was investigated. Threshold concentrations necessary for the separation of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) in a variety of solvents were determined. Only a rough correlation between cohesive energy densities and solvent compatibilizing powers was found. Separation data for combinations of a number of substituted polystyrenes were determined in reference solvents. The general occurrence of phase separation in these systems is thought to stem from the unique array of functional groups presented by a polymer molecule to its environment. Phase separation in conjunction with available heats of mixing indicate the exothermic heat of mixing chlorobenzene and toluene is due to interaction of the chloro group with an aromatic ring. Changes in chain extension and solvation as a function of temperature were detected by means of phase separation.
<title>Compact robust fiber-optic-coupled diode laser array module for solid state laser pumping and beacon applications</title> (1994)

We have developed and tested an integrated fiber-optic coupled diode laser array module for use as a reliable pumping source for solid-state lasers, and rugged enough to withstand the nine `gs' acceleration of a military airborne laser experiment. This compact laser module has produced 12 watts of peak power in cw and pulsed operation modes. The output beam comes from a flexible, yet hardened, fiber-optic bundle. The laser has a footprint smaller than a 3' X 5' card. It has a built-in thermo-electric cooler to provide wavelength control, and integrated cooling channels that assure continuous use. The fiber-optic output has proven itself in beam pointing and positioning applications, including end-pumping of solid-state lasers and as an airborne beacon. In the later application this compact laser was bright enough to allow continuous aircraft tracking from 200 kilometers with a beam divergence up to 10 degrees.
Multiatlas segmentation of thoracic and abdominal anatomy with level set‐based local search (2014)

Segmentation of organs at risk (OARs) remains one of the most time-consuming tasks in radiotherapy treatment planning. Atlas-based segmentation methods using single templates have emerged as a practical approach to automate the process for brain or head and neck anatomy, but pose significant challenges in regions where large interpatient variations are present. We show that significant changes are needed to autosegment thoracic and abdominal datasets by combining multi-atlas deformable registration with a level set-based local search. Segmentation is hierarchical, with a first stage detecting bulk organ location, and a second step adapting the segmentation to fine details present in the patient scan. The first stage is based on warping multiple presegmented templates to the new patient anatomy using a multimodality deformable registration algorithm able to cope with changes in scanning conditions and artifacts. These segmentations are compacted in a probabilistic map of organ shape using the STAPLE algorithm. Final segmentation is obtained by adjusting the probability map for each organ type, using customized combinations of delineation filters exploiting prior knowledge of organ characteristics. Validation is performed by comparing automated and manual segmentation using the Dice coefficient, measured at an average of 0.971 for the aorta, 0.869 for the trachea, 0.958 for the lungs, 0.788 for the heart, 0.912 for the liver, 0.884 for the kidneys, 0.888 for the vertebrae, 0.863 for the spleen, and 0.740 for the spinal cord. Accurate atlas segmentation for abdominal and thoracic regions can be achieved with the usage of a multi-atlas and perstructure refinement strategy. To improve clinical workflow and efficiency, the algorithm was embedded in a software service, applying the algorithm automatically on acquired scans without any user interaction.
Tat and Rev (1990)

From the Department of Oncology and Virology, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey *Human Retrovirus Section, National Cancer Institute-FCRDC, ABL-Basic Research Program, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Modification of polycarbonate cages for individual housing of mice. (1983)

Polycarbonate cages were modified with clear plastic dividers so that up to four mice could be housed individually in one cage with ad libitum access to feed and water. The method used commercially available components and was applicable for use in any study when it was necessary to keep mice separate for an extended period of time.
Interactive Perception-Based Multiple Object Tracking via CVIS and AV (2019)

Cooperative Vehicle and Infrastructure System (CVIS) and Autonomous Vehicle (AV) are two mainstream technologies to improve urban traffic efficiency and vehicle safety in the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). However, there remain significant obstacles that must be overcome before fully unmanned applications are ready for widespread adoption in a transportation system. To achieve fully driverless driving, the perception ability of vehicle should be accurate, fast, continuous, and wide-ranging. In this paper, an interactive perception framework is proposed, which combines the visual perception of AV and information interaction of CVIS. Based on the framework, an interactive perception-based multiple object tracking (IP-MOT) method is presented. IP-MOT can be divided into two parts. First, a Lidar-only multiple object tracking (L-MOT) method obtains the status of surroundings using the voxel cluster algorithm. Second, the preliminary tracking result is fused with the interactive information to generate the trajectories of target vehicles. Two simulation platforms are established to verify the proposed methods: CVIS simulation platform and Virtual Reality (VR) test platform. The L-MOT algorithm is tested on a public dataset and the IP-MOT algorithm is tested on our simulation platform. The results show that the IP-MOT algorithm can improve the accuracy of object tracking as well as expand the vehicle perception range via combination of CVIS and AV.
Genomics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and Numbers (2003)

The current postgenomic era will continue to emphasize the use of microarrays and database software for genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic screening in the search for useful clinical assays. The number of molecular pathologic techniques will expand as additional disease-associated mutations are defined.
One year outcome in mild to moderate head injury: the predictive value of acute injury characteristics related to complaints and return to work (1999)

In mild to moderate head injury outcome is determined by duration of PTA and not by GCS on admission. Most patients return to work despite having complaints. The application of a more detailed outcome scale will increase accuracy in predicting outcome in this category of patients with head injury.
Clinical spectrum of meningococcal infection in infants younger than six months of age. (2006)

Clinicians should be aware of meningococcal infection in young infants because the initial presentations may be difficult to distinguish from viral syndrome, and may rapidly progress to clinical deterioration. Patients with subdural empyema required prolonged courses of antimicrobial therapy. Brain images confirmed the presence of encephalomalacia which increased the risk of permanent neurologic deficit.
Hospitalization with Vertebral Fracture among the Aged: A National Population-Based Study, 1986–1989 (1992)

Whereas fractures related to osteoporosis have become a pressing public health concern, relatively few epidemiologic studies have focused on vertebral fractures. To shed further light on the occurrence of this injury, we collected data from the Health Care Financing Administration on 151,986 discharges listing a diagnosis of vertebral fracture over a 4-year period. After adjusting for age, white women experienced the highest rates of discharge, at 17.1 per 10,000 per year, followed by white men (9.9 per 10,000), black women (3.7 per 10,000), and black men (2.5 per 10,000). Among white women, discharge rates rose exponentially from 5.3 discharges per 10,000 population at age 65 to nearly 47.8 per 10,000 at age 90. White men, black women, and black men experienced less dramatic age-related increases in discharge rates. The similarity of these patterns to discharge rates for hip fracture suggests that the race-sex differences in vertebral fracture discharge rates may be due to differences in the incidence of vertebral fracture.
Direct BSIM3v3 parameter extraction for hot-carrier reliability simulation of N-channel LDD MOSFETs (2002)

A novel direct parameter extraction strategy for the BSIM3v3 MOSFET model, and its application to hot-carrier reliability simulation, is presented in this paper. The use of direct extraction procedures allows a very fast extraction of circuit reliability parameters, with a minimum of measurements, and produces physically relevant parameters. The extraction routines presented are based on the device equations of BSIM3vS, and the use of a direct scheme over an optimised scheme makes the extraction routines repeatable over a wide range of experimental conditions. The more common commercial reliability simulators available in the industrial market generate predicted parameter sets after selected durations of device operation by interpolation (or extrapolation) between measured parameter sets extracted at intervals, during a constant-bias stress. The work presented here suggests that confidence in the predicted circuit performance is dependent on very careful choice of both the parameter sets supplied to the reliability simulator, and the applied stressing conditions.
A New Look at Classical vs Modern Homing Missile Guidance (1981)

Modern guidance systems are generally accepted to yield better performance than classical proportional navigation systems. However, it is not always recognized that this better performance carries with it certain costs in improved components or additional instruments. This paper compares a modern guidance system (MGS) to a classical proportional navigational (PN) homing missile guidance system in terms of performance, robustness, and ease of implementation. Quantitative first-order miss distances are compared to show that MGS has the smallest miss if component tolerances can be met, but as component tolerances or measurement errors degrade, MGS degrades faster than PN until, at relatively large component or measurement errors, PN has less miss distance than MGS.
Outcome of Patients Experiencing Progression or Relapse After Primary Treatment With Two Cycles of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Favorable Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2007)

Relapse after primary treatment with two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine followed by RT is rare. In our analysis, results were influenced by a high treatment-related mortality rate. Additional studies are needed to define the optimal salvage therapy.
MV-PBT: Multi-Version Index for Large Datasets and HTAP Workloads (2019)

Modern mixed (HTAP) workloads execute fast update-transactions and long-running analytical queries on the same dataset and system. In multi-version (MVCC) systems, such workloads result in many short-lived versions and long version-chains as well as in increased and frequent maintenance overhead. Consequently, the index pressure increases significantly. Firstly, the frequent modifications cause frequent creation of new versions, yielding a surge in index maintenance overhead. Secondly and more importantly, index-scans incur extra I/O overhead to determine, which of the resulting tuple-versions are visible to the executing transaction (visibility-check) as current designs only store version/timestamp information in the base table -- not in the index. Such index-only visibility-check is critical for HTAP workloads on large datasets. In this paper we propose the Multi-Version Partitioned B-Tree (MV-PBT) as a version-aware index structure, supporting index-only visibility checks and flash-friendly I/O patterns. The experimental evaluation indicates a 2x improvement for analytical queries and 15% higher transactional throughput under HTAP workloads (CH-Benchmark). MV-PBT offers 40% higher transactional throughput compared to WiredTiger's LSM-Tree implementation under YCSB.
Gametic Selection at Fatty Acid and Allozyme Marker Loci and Meiosis within Cuphea viscosissima × Cuphea lanceolata Populations (1993)

The seed oils of many of the 260 species of Cuphea (Lythraceae) are rich natural sources of medium‐chain fatty acids. Among them are C. viscosissima Jacq. (2n = 2x = 12) and C. lanceolate Ait. (2n = 2x = 12). These species show promise as oilseed crops and, as a consequence, are being domesticated. Hybrids were made between C. viscosissima (VS) and C. lanceolata f. silenoides (LNS) and between C. viscosissima and C. lanceolata f. typica (LNT) to assess their usefulness for breeding Cuphea . Microsporocytes of VS, LNS, LNT, and their hybrids were observed at metaphase I and anaphase I. Allozyme and fatty acid synthesis (FAS) marker loci were assayed within VS × LNS F 2 and backcross populations to test for gamete and heterozygote selection. The cross VS × LNS was female‐ and male‐fertile, whereas VS × LNT was female‐ and male‐sterile. Bivalent pairing and regular chromosome segregation was observed for 94.0 and 0.0% of the microsporocytes from VS × LNS and VS × LNT, respectively. Mean chiasma frequencies within VS × LNS and VS × LNT were 0.53 and 0.26, respectively. Genome and arm affinity index estimates for VS × LNS were 0.98 and 0.65, respectively. Genome and arm affinity index estimates for VS × LNT were 0.52 and 0.34, respectively. Wildtype caprylic and capric acid percentage differences of VS and LNS were explained by an incompletely dominant natural mutation at the cap ‐1 locus—two and three nonoverlapping phenotypic distributions were observed for caprylic acid percentage within backcross or F 2 populations, respectively. Thirteen of 20 marker segregation ratios and 12 of 18 allele frequency ratios were distorted—LNS alleles were overabundant more often than VS alleles. The was an overall excess of LNS alleles of 7.9%. The VS × LNS populations are useful for breeding—they undergo bivalent pairing and normal chromosome segregation—while meiosis is abnormal within VS × LNT populations.
Molecular marker-assisted selection for resistance to pathogens in tomato. (2007)

Since the 1980s, the use of molecular markers has been suggested to improve the efficiency of releasing resistant varieties, thus overcoming difficulties met with classical breeding. For tomato, a high-density molecular map is available in which more than 40 resistance genes are localized. Markers linked to these genes can be used to speed up gene transfer and pyramiding. Suitable PCR markers targeting resistance genes were constructed directly on the sequences of resistance genes or on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) tightly linked to them, and used to select resistant genotypes in backcross schemes. In some cases, the BC{sub 5} generation was reached, and genotypes that cumulated two homozygous resistant genes were also obtained. These results supported the feasibility of using marker-assisted selection (MAS) in tomato and reinforcing the potential of this approach for other genes, which is today also driven by the development of new techniques and increasing knowledge about the tomato genome. (author)
Scalable Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes for High Flux Gas Transport (2007)

We present a simple, fast, and practical route to vertically align carbon nanotubes on a porous support using a combination of self-assembly and filtration methods. The advantage of this approach is that it can be easily scaled up to large surface areas, allowing the fabrication of membranes for practical gas separation applications. The gas transport properties of thus constructed nanotube/polymer nanocomposite membranes are analogous to those of carbon nanotube membranes grown by chemical vapor deposition. This paper shows the first data for transport of gas mixtures through carbon nanotube membranes. The permeation of gas mixtures through the membranes exhibits different properties than those observed using single-gas experiments, confirming that non-Knudsen transport occurs.
Application of matrix converter in auxiliary drive system for diesel locomotives (2005)

Auxiliary drive system is one of the most important parts in diesel locomotives. In order to enhance system efficiency, an auxiliary drive system using 3-phase to 3-phase matrix converter and 3-phase to 1-phase matrix converter is proposed for diesel locomotive. A 10 kW 3-phase to 3-phase matrix converter prototype is implemented to feed AC motors in the drive system. According to different working condition requirements of AC motors, three control methods (constant voltage constant frequency control, variable voltage variable frequency control and slip frequency closed loop control) have been employed in the control system of 3-phase to 3-phase matrix converter. A 3-phase to 1-phase matrix converter using reverse blocking IGBT is applied to provide single phase AC facilities with power supply. A simplified average voltage pulse width modulation strategy is proposed to modulate the 3-phase to 1-phase matrix converter, and a novel commutation method is proposed to shorten commutation time and reduce power losses of bi-directional switches. Compared with conventional mechanical drive, fluid drive and DC drive, the power density, efficiency and reliability of the auxiliary drive system are enhanced by use of matrix converter. Experimental tests have been carried out which demonstrate the advantages and feasibility of the proposed auxiliary drive system.
Relative phase of oscillations of cerebral oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations during sleep (2012)

We present a near-infrared spectroscopy study of the instantaneous phase difference between spontaneous oscillations of cerebral deoxy-hemoglobin and oxy-hemoglobin concentrations ([Hb] and [HbO], respectively) in the low-frequency range, namely 0.04-0.12 Hz. We report phase measurements during the transitions between different sleep stages in a whole-night study of a human subject. We have found that the phase difference between [Hb] and [HbO] low-frequency oscillations tends to be greater in deep sleep (by ~96° on average) and REM sleep (by ~77° on average) compared to the awake state. In particular, we have observed progressive phase increases as the subject transitions from awake conditions into non-REM sleep stages N1, N2, and N3. Corresponding phase decreases were recorded in the reversed transitions from sleep stages N3 to N2, and N2 to awake. These results illustrate the physiological information content of phase measurements of [Hb] and [HbO] oscillations that reflect the different cerebral hemodynamic conditions of the different sleep stages, and that can find broader applicability in a wide range of near-infrared spectroscopy brain studies.