gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dose Response and Duration of Action of Dorzolamide, a Topical Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (1992)

The multiple-dose, dose-response relationship and duration of action of the novel topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide (previously known as MK-507) were investigated in a double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study in 73 patients with bilateral primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Dorzolamide (0.7%, 1.4%, or 2%) or placebo was administered every 12 hours for 5 days and then every 8 hours for 7 days. Intraocular pressure was investigated with multiple 12-hour diurnal curves. All concentrations of dorzolamide demonstrated substantial lowering of intraocular pressure throughout the day when given twice daily (9% to 21%) or three times daily (14% to 24%). Although a dose-dependent response was observed immediately following the first dose, there were no significant differences between concentrations or dose response at either the twice or three times daily dosing regimen. Three times daily administration of 2% dorzolamide demonstrated a mean percent decrease in intraocular pressure of 18% to 22% throughout the day (mean decrease, 4.5 to 6.1 mm Hg). Dorzolamide appears to have substantial potential in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Digitally Phase Modulated (DPM) Signals (1985)

Some properties of digitally phase modulated (DPM) signals are presented. Phase modulation with (overlapping) pulses generated by a digital FIR filter belong to this class, which may be considered to be a practical approximation to continuous phase modulated (CPM) signals. The power spectra of DPM signals are derived analytically. The ability of these signals to operate through an additive white Gaussian noise channel is assessed by calculating their minimum Euclidean distance. Their noise and spectral properties are found to be similar to those of CPM signals. Assuming that a Viterbi decoder is used to resolve symbol interference, the out-of-band power tends to decrease as the pulse duration increases, and the noise immunity is enhanced. At the same time the receiver complexity grows exponentially. Hence, noise immunity and spectrum compactness are achieved at the cost of higher received complexity. Modems for DPM signals are believed to be easier to implement than those for CPM signals. This is because filter design is simple and a residual carrier component can be retained to facilitate carrier regeneration. Furthermore, the accumulated carrier phase does not need to be continuously evaluated in order to perform matched filtering. The analytic results derived are supported by measurements and simulations.
SiGe and Ge Cryogenic Power Transistors (2006)

We have undertaken development of power semiconductor devices based on SiGe and Ge, intended for operation over a wide temperature range, from room temperature down to deep cryogenic temperatures, ~30 K (~ -240{degree sign}C). We summarize results for Ge diodes (~10 A/400 V), Ge junction field-effect transistors (Ge JFETs, ~0.5 A/30 V), Ge metal-insulator field-effect transistors (Ge MIS-FETs ~1 A/20 V) and SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (SiGe HBTs, ~10 A/50 V). As a practical demonstration, we have used SiGe HBTs and SiGe diodes as the active devices in 100-W power-conversion circuits, operating from room temperature down to ~30 K (~ -240{degree sign}C) with increased efficiency as temperature de-creases. Our developments demonstrate the potential of alternative semiconductor materials to provide excellent performance for power applications down to deep cryogenic temperatures.
Measuring the moment of understanding while solving mathematical puzzles (2008)

Schoolchildrenpsilas brains were monitored in order to measure the moment of understanding while solving mathematical puzzles. Six sixth-graders in an elementary school solved three division-type mathematics puzzles. The answers to the blanks in the puzzles were shown, revealing one answer every 30 seconds. Three of the subjects looked at the first problempsilas answer and then found the solutions to the remaining two problems much easier. When they understood, oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) levels in the frontal lobe decreased. This suggested that by monitoring the fall of oxyHb levels, the moment of understanding is measurable.
A Further Study on the French School of Comparative Literature (2002)

As the representative of the first phase in the development of world comparative literature , the French School has contributed a lot with monumental significance, especially its whole set of strict research requirement ,even today, still plays an important role. However, the misunderstandings concerning the French School still remain and the key issue is involved in the understanding of the methodology of positivism. This is an important question we have to face when we further understand the French School. Only by this could we have a full understanding of the French School, and further promote the construction of the discipline of comparative literature.
Is LEAFY a useful marker gene for the flower-inflorescence boundary in the Euphorbia cyathium? (2010)

The flower-like reproductive structure of Euphorbia s.l. (Euphorbiaceae) is widely believed to have evolved from an inflorescence, and is therefore interpreted as a special type of pseudanthium, termed a cyathium. However, fuzzy morphological boundaries between the inflorescence, individual flowers, and organs have fuelled the suggestion that the cyathium does not merely superficially resemble a flower but could actually share developmental genetic pathways with a conventional flower. To test this hypothesis, immunolocalizations of FLORICAULA/LEAFY (LFY), a protein associated with floral identity in many angiosperm species, were performed in developing cyathia of different species of Euphorbia. Expression of the LFY protein was found not only in individual floral primordia (as predicted from results in the model organisms Arabidopsis and Anthirrhinum), but also in the cyathium primordium and in the primordia of partial male inflorescences. These results provide further evidence that the evolution of floral traits in pseudanthial inflorescences often involves expression of floral development genes in the inflorescence apex. This finding blurs the conventional rigid distinction between flowers and inflorescences.
Human Transcription Factor hTAF<sub>II</sub>150 (CIF150) Is Involved in Transcriptional Regulation of Cell Cycle Progression (1999)

Here we present evidence that CIF150 (hTAF(II)150), the human homolog of Drosophila TAF(II)150, plays an important and selective role in establishing gene expression patterns necessary for progression through the cell cycle. Gel filtration experiments demonstrate that CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) seems to be less tightly associated with human transcription factor IID than hTAF(II)130 is associated with hTAF(II)250. The transient functional knockout of CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) protein led to cell cycle arrest at the G(2)/M transition in mammalian cell lines. PCR display analysis with the RNA derived from CIF150-depleted cells indicated that CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) is required for the transcription of only a subset of RNA polymerase II genes. CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) directly stimulated cyclin B1 and cyclin A transcription in cotransfection assays and in vitro assays, suggesting that the expression of these genes is dependent on CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) function. We defined a CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) consensus binding site and demonstrated that a CIF150-responsive cis element is present in the cyclin B1 core promoter. These results suggest that one function of CIF150 (hTAF(II)150) is to select specific RNA polymerase II core promoter elements involved in cell cycle progression.
An event driven model for dialogue systems (1998)

This paper reports our progress in building a mixed initiative, goal-oriented dialogue system for human machine interactions. The dialogue model embraces the spirits of the so-called planbased approach in that the dialogue flow is not statically authored but dynamically generated by the system as a natural outcome of the semantic evaluation process. With multimodal applications in mind, the dialogue system is designed in an event driven architecture that is commonly seen in the core of a graphical user interface (GUI) environment. In the same manner that GUI events are handled by graphical objects, the proposed dialogue model assigns dialogue events to semantic objects that encapsulate the knowledge for handling events under various discourse contexts. Currently, we have found that four types of events, namely, dialogue object instantiation, semantic evaluation, dialogue repair, and discourse binding, are sufficient for a wide range of applications.
Object-oriented real-time distributed programming and support middleware (2002)

The object oriented (OO) distributed real time (RT) programming movement started in the 1990s and is growing rapidly at this turn of this century (year 2000). The motivations are reviewed and then a brief overview is given of the particular programming scheme which the author and his collaborators have been establishing. The scheme is called the time triggered message triggered object (TMO) programming scheme and it is used to make specific illustrations of the issues and potentials of OO RT programming. The desirable features of middleware providing execution support for OO RT distributed programs are then discussed. The issue of fault tolerant execution of distributed RT objects and that of RT distributed/parallel simulation are also discussed.
Large-Scale Synthesis of Transition-Metal-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanowires with Controllable Overpotential (2013)

Practical implementation of one-dimensional semiconductors into devices capable of exploiting their novel properties is often hindered by low product yields, poor material quality, high production cost, or overall lack of synthetic control. Here, we show that a molten-salt flux scheme can be used to synthesize large quantities of high-quality, single-crystalline TiO2 nanowires with controllable dimensions. Furthermore, in situ dopant incorporation of various transition metals allows for the tuning of optical, electrical, and catalytic properties. With this combination of control, robustness, and scalability, the molten-salt flux scheme can provide high-quality TiO2 nanowires to satisfy a broad range of application needs from photovoltaics to photocatalysis.
Optimal Sensor Placement for Acoustic Underwater Target Positioning With Range-Only Measurements (2016)

This paper addresses the problem of optimal acoustic sensor placement for underwater target localization in 3-D using range measurements only. By adopting an estimation theoretical framework, the optimal geometric sensor formation that will yield the best achievable performance in terms of target positioning accuracy is computed by maximizing the determinant of an appropriately defined Fisher information matrix (FIM). For mathematical tractability, it is assumed that the measurements of the ranges between the target and a set of acoustic sensors are corrupted with white Gaussian noise. For the sake of completeness, an explicit analytical result for a generic n-sensor network is first obtained for the case when there is no uncertainty in the prior knowledge about the target position. The result is then extended to the practical case where the target is known to lie inside a region of uncertainty. The optimal sensor configuration thus obtained lends itself to an interesting and useful geometrical interpretation. In addition, the “spreading” of the configuration is shown to depend on the number of range measurements, target depth, and the probability distribution function that characterizes the prior knowledge about the target position. Results are also obtained for the problem of optimal sensor placement with constraints, namely, by considering that the sensors can be either located at the sea surface or distributed between the surface and the seabed. The connection between 2-D and 3-D scenarios is clarified. Simulation examples illustrate the key results derived.
Scale-Invariant Vote-Based 3D Recognition and Registration from Point Clouds. (2013)

Abstract This chapter presents a method for vote-based 3D shape recognition and registration, in particular using mean shift on 3D pose votes in the space of direct similarity transformations for the first time. We introduce a new distance between poses in this space—the SRT distance. It is left-invariant, unlike Euclidean distance, and has a unique, closed-form mean, in contrast to Riemannian distance, so is fast to compute. We demonstrate improved performance over the state of the art in both recognition and registration on a (real and) challenging dataset, by comparing our distance with others in a mean shift framework, as well as with the commonly used Hough voting approach. 1
A Lumped Parameter Model of the Cerebrospinal Fluid System (1969)

The many mutually interacting phenomena which control cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and reflect them to other physiologic systems constitute a rather complex mechanism. The classical piecemeal approach for analysis is not suited to study the interactions of multiple parameter changes or the manner in which some evoked change in the cerebrospinal fluid system reflects itself on other parts of the mechanism.
Seismic shear wave vibrator with telescoping blade (1988)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jack H. Cole; Seismic shear wave vibrator with telescoping blade. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 September 1988; 84 (3): 1129. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.396672 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Deconvolution of refraction seismograms from large underwater explosions (1972)

Abstract The P-wave spectra of seismograms from large underwater explosions are frequently dominated by reverberations. When this is so, a simple reverberation model similar to that of Backus (1959) gives a good approximation to the source spectrum. The basic wavelet determined by this method is not necessarily minimum-delay. A few promising deconvolutions have been carried out, revealing a sequence of arrivals of comparable amplitudes separated by short time intervals. Synthetic seismograms which have been constructed from these spike sequences differ very little from the field records. However, the technique often yields output seismograms which are not easily interpreted. A study using synthetic seismograms suggests five reasons for this: 1) low signal-to-noise ratios, which result in too narrow a frequency band in which signal is predominant; 2) pulses arriving at the recorder having undergone phase changes during transmission, especially in combination with 3) very close spacing of the sequence of arrivals, causing overlap of the deconvolved output pulses; 4) the presence of arrivals which are not propagated along simple ray-theory paths, and 5) poor estimation of the source parameters. Nonlinear effects and complex geology at the source are other possible causes of complications in the deconvolved records.
Calcium-dependent regulation of caldesmon by an 11-kDa smooth muscle calcium-binding protein, caltropin (1992)

Caldesmon from chicken gizzard muscle has been examined for its ability to interact with caltropin using affinity chromatography and the fluorescent probe acrylodan. The action of caltropin on the inhibitory effect of caldesmon on actomyosin ATPase was also studied. Like calmodulin, caltropin could release the inhibitory effect of caldesmon in the presence of Ca2+. Complete reversal was obtained when 1 mol of caltropin was added per mol of caldesmon. When caldesmon was applied to caltropin-Sepharose in the presence of Ca2+, most of the caldesmon was bound to the column and could be eluted with EGTA, indicating that there is a direct interaction between caldesmon and caltropin. Acrylodan-labeled caldesmon, when excited at 375 nm, had an emission maximum at 504 nm. Addition of caltropin in the presence of Ca2+ resulted in a nearly 50% increase in fluorescence intensity, and this was accompanied by a blue shift in the emission maximum (i.e., lambda em,max 492 nm), suggesting that the probe now occupies a more nonpolar environment. Titration of caltropin with labeled caldesmon indicated a strong affinity for this protein (Kd was in the order of 8 x 10(-8)-2 x 10(-7) M). However, when caltropin was added to labeled caldesmon in the presence of EGTA, there was no indication of any interaction. Caltropin was at least as potent as calmodulin, if not better, in reversing the inhibitory effect of caldesmon in the presence of calcium, making it a potential Ca2+ factor in regulating caldesmon in smooth muscle.
Spoof surface plasmon polariton switches for GHz &#x223C; THz system (2011)

Below the THz spectrum, the textured surfaces on a subwavelength scale generate surface bound modes and henceforth are called spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) modes similar to surface plasmon polariton modes in the visible spectrum. Specifically, when SSPP architectures are combined with electro-optical and nonlinear materials, dynamic SSPP devices could be feasible.
Quality and antioxidant activity of ginseng seed processed by fermentation strains (2014)

Antioxidant activities measured by ABTS and SOD were higher in fermented ginseng seeds compared to nonfermented ginseng seeds. These results may contribute to improving the antioxidant activity and quality of ginseng subjected to fermentation treatments.
The role of hydrophobic interactions in initiation and propagation of protein folding (2006)

Globular proteins fold by minimizing the nonpolar surface that is exposed to water, while simultaneously providing hydrogen-bonding interactions for buried backbone groups, usually in the form of secondary structures such as alpha-helices, beta-sheets, and tight turns. A primary thermodynamic driving force for the formation of globular structure is thus the sequestration of nonpolar groups, but the correlation between the parts of proteins that are observed to fold first (termed folding initiation sites) and the "hydrophobicity" (as customarily defined) of the amino acids in these regions has been quite weak. It has previously been noted that many amino acid side chains contain considerable nonpolar sections, even if they also contain polar or charged groups. For example, a lysine side chain contains four methylenes, which may undergo hydrophobic interactions if the charged epsilon-NH(3)(+) group is salt-bridged or hydrogen-bonded. Folding initiation sites might therefore contain not only accepted "hydrophobic" amino acids, but also larger charged side chains. Recent experiments on the folding of mutant apomyoglobins provides corroboration for models based on the hypothesis that folding initiation sites arise from hydrophobic interactions. A near-perfect correlation was observed between the areas of the molecule that are present in the burst-phase kinetic intermediate and both the free energy of formation of hydrophobic initiation sites and the parameter "average area buried upon folding," which pinpoints large side chains, even those containing charged or polar portions. These results provide a putative mechanism for the control of protein-folding initiation and growth by polar/nonpolar sequence propensity alone.
An Efficient Sampling-Based Method for Online Informative Path Planning in Unknown Environments (2020)

The ability to plan informative paths online is essential to robot autonomy. In particular, sampling-based approaches are often used as they are capable of using arbitrary information gain formulations. However, they are prone to local minima, resulting in sub-optimal trajectories, and sometimes do not reach global coverage. In this letter, we present a new RRT*-inspired online informative path planning algorithm. Our method continuously expands a single tree of candidate trajectories and rewires nodes to maintain the tree and refine intermediate paths. This allows the algorithm to achieve global coverage and maximize the utility of a path in a global context, using a single objective function. We demonstrate the algorithm's capabilities in the applications of autonomous indoor exploration as well as accurate Truncated Signed Distance Field (TSDF)-based 3D reconstruction on-board a Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV). We study the impact of commonly used information gain and cost formulations in these scenarios and propose a novel TSDF-based 3D reconstruction gain and cost-utility formulation. Detailed evaluation in realistic simulation environments show that our approach outperforms sampling-based state of the art methods in these tasks. Experiments on a real MAV demonstrate the ability of our method to robustly plan in real-time, exploring an indoor environment with on-board sensing and computation. We make our framework available for future research.
Zn<sub>1-X</sub>Cd<sub>X</sub>Se (X=0.2-0.3) Single-Quantum-Well Laser Diodes without GaAs Buffer Layers (1992)

Laser diode action has been observed from a ZnSe-based single-quantum-well structure grown on GaAs substrates without GaAs buffer layers. The lasers emit coherent light under pulsed current injection at 77 K in a wide wavelength range from 490 nm to 520 nm depending on the quantum well composition ratio. In spite of uncoated facets, the lowest threshold current density of the lasers was as low as 160 A/cm 2 . The output power from the lasers exceeded 100 mW per facet.
Bridging the innovation gap (2003)

Europe needs to change the way it does research and development (R&D), investing more and restructuring its approach, if it,is to become the world's most effective knowledge-based economy That's the premise that the European Industrial Research Management Association (EIRMA) gathered to discuss in Sorrento, Italy in June 2003. The discussion was a response to the 2002 initiative by the European Heads of State, dubbed 'More Research for Europe'. This highlighted the need to boost Europe's industrial R&D to ensure future competitiveness and social well being The Heads of State set a daunting target for R&D investment to rise from its current 1.9% of GDP to 3% by 2010, mainly through persuading industry to increase its investment. Businesses need to change the way they manage R&D to increase the pace of innovation and to release the untapped intellectual potential of their researchers. This issue is at the heart of efforts to increase the amount of R&D done in European companies. How do you introduce the tools, organisation and culture that create breakthrough techniques or inventions to Europe's population of large, stable, capital-intensive businesses? Can you really add a fast-moving entrepreneurial R&D activity to an organisation that has climbed the S curve of innovation and matured into a steady state? It's clear from a number of the presentations at the EIRMA conference that some companies have recognised this issue and successfully addressed it. the efforts of some of these companies are discussed in this article.