gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of backoff protocols for multiple access channels (1987)

In the paper, we analyze the stochastic behavior of backoff protocols for multiple access channels such as the Ethernet. In particular, we prove that binary exponential backoff is unstable if the arrival rate of new messages at each station is λ/N for any number of stations N exceeding 1 and any overall arrival rate λ exceeding .567 + 1/4N - 2. More importantly, we also prove that any superlinear polynomial backoff protocol (e.g., quadratic backoff) is stable for any set of arrival rates that sum to less than one, and any number of stations. The results significantly extend the previous work in the area, and provide the first examples of acknowledgement based protocols known to be stable for a nonnegligible overall arrival rate distributed over an arbitrarily large number of stations. The results also disprove a popular assumption that exponential backoff is the best choice among acknowledgement based protocols for systems with large overall arrival rates. Finally, we prove that any linear or sublinear backoff protocol is unstable if the arrival rate at each station is λ/N for any fixed λ and sufficiently large N.
Molecular Cloning of Allene Oxide Cyclase (2000)

Allene oxide cyclase (EC ) catalyzes the stereospecific cyclization of an unstable allene oxide to (9S,13S)-12-oxo-(10,15Z)-phytodienoic acid, the ultimate precursor of jasmonic acid. This dimeric enzyme has previously been purified, and two almost identical N-terminal peptides were found, suggesting allene oxide cyclase to be a homodimeric protein. Furthermore, the native protein was N-terminally processed. Using degenerate primers, a polymerase chain reaction fragment could be generated from tomato, which was further used to isolate a full-length cDNA clone of 1 kilobase pair coding for a protein of 245 amino acids with a molecular mass of 26 kDa. Whereas expression of the whole coding region failed to detect allene oxide cyclase activity, a 5'-truncated protein showed high activity, suggesting that additional amino acids impair the enzymatic function. Steric analysis of the 12-oxophytodienoic acid formed by the recombinant enzyme revealed exclusive (>99%) formation of the 9S,13S enantiomer. Exclusive formation of this enantiomer was also found in wounded tomato leaves. Southern analysis and genetic mapping revealed the existence of a single gene for allene oxide cyclase located on chromosome 2 of tomato. Inspection of the N terminus revealed the presence of a chloroplastic transit peptide, and the location of allene oxide cyclase protein in that compartment could be shown by immunohistochemical methods. Concomitant with the jasmonate levels, the accumulation of allene oxide cyclase mRNA was transiently induced after wounding of tomato leaves.
Niosomal delivery of 5-fluorouracil (1999)

Non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) have shown promise as cheap, chemically stable alternatives to liposomes. Niosomes of spans (Sorbitan monoesters) have shown promise of commercial exploitation. Hence, niosomes were prepared of 5-fluorouracil (FU) using different spans. Niomsomes were prepared by the hand shaking method (HSM), reverse phase evaporation (REV) and ether injection method (EIM) using a series of Spans, i.e. Span 20, 40, 60 and 80. HSM giving least permeable vesicles were used to study the effect of variables like type of Span, composition of lipid and total lipid concentration on entrapment efficiency (EE) and release rate. Span 40 and 60 released 40.9 and 37.1% drug in 6 h while Span 20 and 80 displayed 52.2 and 57.1% release, respectively in the same time. Niosomes of Span 40 showed a mean vesicle size of 8.1 microns, EE of 15.3 +/- 1.3% and released 78.6% drug in 6 h; inclusion of cholesterol reduced the vesicle size to 4.8 microns, EE to 12.3 +/- 0.9% and the release to 50.5% (in 6 h), while incorporation of dicetyphosphate further reduced the vesicle size to 3.87 microns, EE to 10.9 +/- 1.1% and reduced release to 40.9% (in 6 h). Increase in the amount of lipid used translated into an almost linear increase in EE. Biodistribution of drug in rats was modified on encapsulation. The concentration of niosomal drug in liver, lung and kidney was increased while it decreased in intestine compared to free drug solution following intravenous administration. The niosomal formulation displayed higher and sustained plasma drug level profile compared to free drug solution. Pharmacokinetic calculations revealed an increase in half-life, area under the curve and decrease in volume of distribution of the drug on encapsulation. Thus, the study suggests that niosomes can act as promising carriers for 5-Fluorouracil.
Secretion of antibodies to types I and II collagen by synovial tissue cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1989)

Production of antibodies to IgG and to type I and type II collagen (CI and CII) was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunospot assay in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with other inflammatory or degenerative joint diseases. Anti-CII-secreting cells, generally in high numbers, were found among mononuclear cells eluted from inflamed synovial tissue in 12 of 13 patients with seropositive RA and 9 of 14 patients with seronegative RA or with undetermined serum rheumatoid factor levels. In contrast, no anti-CII-producing B cells were present among synoviocytes from 4 patients with other joint diseases. In none of 7 RA sera did we find significant levels of anti-CII. Synovial B cells secreting antibodies specific for CI were observed less frequently in patients with RA. These results indicate that measurement of serum antibody levels is not adequate to assess actual autoantibody production in rheumatoid joints and that local autoimmune reactions to CII are common in RA, which implies that collagen-reactive T cells are present within the inflamed joints of RA patients. The possible role of a local collagen autoimmunity in RA is discussed, particularly in relation to its putative role in rheumatoid factor production.
Data ONTAP GX: a scalable storage cluster (2007)

Data ONTAP GX is a clustered Network Attached File server composed of a number of cooperating filers. Each filer manages its own local file system, which consists of a number of disconnected flexible volumes. A separate namespace infrastructure runs within the cluster, which connects the volumes into one or more namespaces by means of internal junctions. The cluster collectively exposes a potentially large number of separate virtual servers, each with its own independent namespace, security and administrative domain. The cluster implements a protocol routing and translation layer which translates requests in all incoming file protocols into a single unified internal file access protocol called SpinNP. The translated requests are then forwarded to the correct filer within the cluster for servicing by the local file system instance. This provides data location transparency, which is used to support transparent data migration, load balancing, mirroring for load sharing and data protection, and fault tolerance. The cluster itself greatly simplifies the administration of a large number of filers by consolidating them into a single system image. Results from benchmarks (over one million file operations per second on a 24 node cluster) and customer experience demonstrate linear scaling. 1
Aspirin inhibits NF‐κB and protects from angiotensin II‐induced organ damage (2001)

ABSTRACT Angiotensin (Ang)‐II induces vascular wall inflammation by activating NF‐κB. Aspirin inhibits IKKβ in vitro; however, the in vivo relevance of the phenomenon is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that aspirin protects from Ang II‐induced endorgan damage by inhibiting NF‐κB activation in vivo. Rats harboring human renin and angiotensinogen genes received high‐ (600 mg/kg/day) or low‐ (25 mg/kg/day) dose aspirin. High‐dose aspirin reduced mortality, cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and albuminuria independent of blood pressure, whereas both doses reduced cyclooxygenase activity. High‐dose aspirin inhibited NF‐κB and AP‐1 activation and inflammation in heart and kidney. These in vivo results serve to explain the clinical utility of high‐dose aspirin in inflammatory disorders and suggest additional therapeutic avenues that may be relevant to cardiovascular disease.
Shape contexts enable efficient retrieval of similar shapes (2005)

In this paper we demonstrate that a recently introduced shape descriptor, the "shape context", can be used to quickly prune a search for similar shapes. Our representation for a shape is a discrete set of n points sampled from its internal and external contours. For each of these points, the shape context is a histogram of the relative positions of the n - 1 remaining points. We present two methods for rapid shape retrieval: one that does comparisons based on a small number of shape contexts and another that uses vector quantization in the space of shape contexts. We verify the discriminative power of these methods with tests on the Columbia (COIL-100) 3D object database and the Snodgrass and Vanderwart line drawings. The shape context-based methods are shown to quickly produce an accurate shortlist of candidates suitable for a more exact matching engine in spite of pose variation and occlusion.
Association between a variation in <i>LRCH1</i> and knee osteoarthritis: A genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism association study using DNA pooling (2006)

A genetic variant in LRCH1 was consistently associated with knee OA in 3 samples from 2 populations. Our results also suggest that the same association with OA may exist at other sites. Additional genetic and experimental work is needed to elucidate the precise mechanism by which the LRCH1 gene influences OA risk.
Study of geometric effect on phase change random access memory (2006)

In this paper, phase change random access memory (PCRAM) devices with two different geometric configurations were studied. The geometry effect on device functionalities in terms of thermal and electrical properties has been analyzed by simulation and experiments. Based on 0.35mum technology, 128 bits PCRAM array integrating with CMOS as the selection device were fabricated. The two types of PCRAM cells were implemented and characterized. The simulation results showed that both the bottom electrode and phase change layer geometry and the size of the interface between the phase change material and the bottom electrode were the determinant factors to the temperature profile and heat distribution. Both simulation and experimental results show that PCRAM device with type II structure required lower current to start phase change from crystalline state to amorphous state. However, it required a larger current to be fully RESET. A model was proposed in this paper to discuss this phenomenon
Conversations with connected vehicles (2015)

We present a system that allows drivers and fleet managers to interact with their connected vehicles both by means of direct control and indirect goal-setting. The ability to move data from vehicles to a remote server is established by the flexible and secure open vehicle telematics platform “CloudThink.” Based on this platform, we present several prototypes of how people can be enabled to conveniently interact with connected vehicles: First, we demonstrate a system that allows users to select and interact with vehicles using object recognition methods and automatically generated user interfaces on smartphones or personal wearable devices. Second, we show how functional semantic metadata can be used to smooth the boundaries for interacting with vehicles in the physical and virtual worlds. Finally, we present a method for monitoring interactions between vehicles and remote services which increases safety and security by enhancing driver oversight and control over the data that leaves and enters their vehicle.
Top cited articles from Pharmacogn. Mag in 2012 (2013)

Pharmacognosy Magazine,2013,9,33,1-3.DOI:10.4103/0973-1296.108103Published:March 2013Type:Original ArticleAuthors:KK Mueen Ahmed Author(s) affiliations:KK Mueen Ahmed Managing Editor, Pharmacognosy Magazine, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 027, India Abstract:It is pleasure to write an editorial for this issue. Since 2005, Pharmacognosy Magazine (Pharmacogn.Mag) [www.phcog.com] has been publishing quality articles in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy.[1],[2] Each manuscript is being assigned with 3-4 reviewers and asked to comment on the scientific merit of submitted articles and its relevance to the journal. Acceptance for publication is mainly based on the views of two or more reviewers based on originality, validity, and relevance of the information presented. With the help of reviewers, editorial board members, we could able to achieve a high quality papers being published in each issue of Pharmacogn. Mag. We have presented a list of active reviewers for the year 2012 at the end of this issue and we are regularly seeking mentors/reviewers who can support or give critical comments on the submitted papers. Read More... Keywords:NilView:PDF (625.39 KB) Full Text
Utilising the spatial features of cyberspace for generating a dynamic museum environment (1999)

Article Utilising the spatial features of cyberspace for generating a dynamic museum environment Share on Authors: Narushige Shiode Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United KingdomView Profile , Tomoko Kanoshima Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, London WC 1H OPY, United Kingdom Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, London WC 1H OPY, United KingdomView Profile Authors Info & Claims VRML '99: Proceedings of the fourth symposium on Virtual reality modeling languageFebruary 1999 Pages 79–84https://doi.org/10.1145/299246.299271Published:23 February 1999 1citation706DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads706Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Applications of Water-Soluble Polymers as Shale Stabilizers in Drilling Fluids (1986)

Water-soluble polymers are often used in oil and gas well drilling fluids as stabilizers for water-sensitive shales encountered in subsurface formations. Polymer chemistry, ionic character, degree of charge, molecular weight, and other factors play a role in determining the effectiveness of a polymer as a shale stabilizer. Some of the more common polymer types that have been used, with varying degrees of success, are natural gums (guar, xanthan, and flaxseed), cellulose derivatives (carboxymethyl and hydroxyethyl), starches, and high molecular weight acrylate-acrylamide copolymers. This chapter reviews laboratory test methods for evaluating polymer performance, presents results from one of the methods described, and discusses possible shale stabilizing mechanisms.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of CML-1: An Herbal Formulation (2005)

CML-1 is a purified extract from a mixture of 13 Oriental herbs (Achyranthis Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Cinnamomi Cortex Spissus, Eucommiae Cortex, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Hoelen, Lycii Fructus, Paeoniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata and Atractylodis Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Zizyphi Semen, Acori Graminei Rhizoma) that have been widely used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in Asia. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of CML-1. The animals used in this study were administered either vehicle or CML-1 (30, 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg) orally. The vascular permeability induced by acetic acid was significantly reduced by CML-1 in all doses. The swelling of the rat's hind paw induced by carrageenan was significantly inhibited by CML-1 in doses of 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg. In the case of rheumatoid arthritis induced by complete Freund's adjuvant in rats, the treatment with CML-1 at a dose level of 300 mg/kg inhibited edema. CML-1 at a dose level of 600 mg/kg inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome, however it did not have any anti-nociceptive action in the Randall-Selitto assay or the hot plate test. Our findings suggest that CML-1 has a potent anti-inflammatory activity.
Loopback Recovery From Double-Link Failures in Optical Mesh Networks (2004)

Network survivability is a crucial requirement in high-speed optical networks. Typical approaches of providing survivability have considered the failure of a single component such as a link or a node. We motivate the need for considering double-link failures and present three loopback methods for handling such failures. In the first two methods, two edge-disjoint backup paths are computed for each link for rerouting traffic when a pair of links fails. These methods require the identification of the failed links before recovery can be completed. The third method requires the precomputation of a single backup path and does not require link identification before recovery. An algorithm that precomputes backup paths for links in order to tolerate double-link failures is then presented. Numerical results comparing the performance of our algorithm with other approaches suggest that it is possible to achieve almost 100% recovery from double-link failures with a moderate increase in backup capacity. A remarkable feature of our approach is that it is possible to trade off capacity for restorability by choosing a subset of double-link failures and designing backup paths using our algorithm for only those failure scenarios.
Model for reflectance perception in vision (2003)

Human vision routinely compensates for illumination field and is mostly sensitive to scene reflectance. This paper presents a biologically inspired mathematical model that estimates the illumination field of a scene and compensates for it to produce the output image that is mostly modulated by the scene reflectance. Since the illumination field is responsible for wide dynamic range variations in scenes, the present model is seen as an approach to handling wide dynamic range scenes. The model can be conveniently implemented in an analog silicon retina incorporating modified cellular neural network for the computation of the illumination field. We present several numerically obtained results on scenes with widely varying illumination conditions.
The Effect of Changes in the Allyl Group on the Rearrangement of Allyl Ethers of Salicylic Acids (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Effect of Changes in the Allyl Group on the Rearrangement of Allyl Ethers of Salicylic AcidsWilliam R. Nummy and D. Stanley TarbellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 4, 1500–1504Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01148a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01148a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrostatic‐Field‐Induced Enhancement of Gas Mixture Separation in Metal‐Organic Frameworks: A Computational Study (2006)

Ordered microdomains with different electrostatic field strengths exist in certain metal-organic frameworks (MOFs; see picture), and the electrostatic interactions in MOFs can enhance the separation of some gas mixtures, demonstrating that MOFs have great potential for adsorption separations.
Novel Barriers to Prevent Dogwood Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) and Rodent Damage in Apple Plantings (2014)

We evaluated a combination of noninsecticidal alternatives to control trunk-damaging dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris), consisting of novel barrier technologies, used alone or in combination with mating disruption. Barrier formulations evaluated included fibrous barriers of nonwoven ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and nonfibrous barriers of rubberized paint (elastomer) used in building coatings. To examine efficacy of dogwood borer control in orchards, all barrier trials were replicated in field tests, both in combination with mating disruption and without it. Trunk inspections to determine whether mating disruption and barriers effectively reduced actual tree infestation showed pheromone disruption significantly reduced infestation compared with the untreated check, but was not as effective as trunk handgun sprays of chlorpyrifos. EVA trunk barriers were effective in preventing borer infestation compared with untreated trees. The elastomer did not differ from the check or the EVA treatment. There was no interaction between disruption and barrier treatments. Barrier field life and durability was assessed over 2 yr by comparing degradation over time due to weathering and other environmental effects including animal damage. The EVA persisted and remained more intact than the elastomer, but was in need of reapplication after 2 yr. Barriers were also screened for efficacy against voles in small-plot trials in nonorchard locations with known high vole pressure; they were tested either alone, combined with a repellent (thiram), or, in the case of the elastomer only, combined with an abrasive (sand). Only the EVA significantly lowered vole chewing damage relative to the untreated checks.
SEPIa, a knowledge-driven algorithm for predicting conformational B-cell epitopes from the amino acid sequence (2017)

SEPIa was applied to a test protein whose epitopes are known, human β2 adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptor, with promising results. Although the actual AUC score is rather low, many of the predicted epitopes cluster together and overlap the experimental epitope region. The reasons underlying the limitations of SEPIa and of all other B-cell epitope predictors are discussed.