gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silver Nanoparticles Interactions with the Immune System: Implications for Health and Disease (2010)

Our immune system constantly interacts with our internal environment, protects us from our external environment and provides the inherent knowledge to sense the difference between friend and foe with important implications in human health and disease (Pozo, 2008). For these reasons, it is important to identify functional alteration of key immune responses as the number of silver nano-enabled products grows while the current data strongly suggest that other related nanomaterials, such as polymer nanoparticles, fullerenes, dendrimers and gold nanoparticles, interact with the immune system.
Beyond alias hierarchical scale curvelet interpolation of regularly and irregularly sampled seismic data (2010)

Abstract We propose a robust interpolation scheme for aliased regularly sampled seismic data that uses the curvelet transform. In a first pass, the curvelet transform is used to compute the curvelet coefficients of the aliased seismic data. The aforementioned coefficients are divided into two groups of scales: alias-free and alias-contaminated scales. The alias-free curvelet coefficients are upscaled to estimate a mask function that is used to constrain the inversion of the alias-contaminated scale coefficients. The mask function is incorporated into the inversion via a minimum norm least-squares algorithm that determines the curvelet coefficients of the desired alias-free data. Once the alias-free coefficients are determined, the curvelet synthesis operator is used to reconstruct seismograms at new spatial positions. The proposed method can be used to reconstruct regularly and irregularly sampled seismic data. We believe that our exposition leads to a clear unifying thread between f-x and f-k beyond-alias interpolation methods and curvelet reconstruction. As in f-x and f-k interpolation, we stress the necessity of examining seismic data at different scales (frequency bands) to come up with viable and robust interpolation schemes. Synthetic and real data examples are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed curvelet interpolation method.
Tumor-specific in vivo transfection with HSV-1 thymidine kinase gene using a Sindbis viral vector as a basis for prodrug ganciclovir activation and PET. (2006)

The vector efficiently targets the HSVtk enzyme gene into Sindbis-infected tumor cells. High levels of HSVtk expression ensure sufficient prodrug GCV conversion and activation for bystander effects that killed many surrounding untransduced tumor cells. In addition, the HSVtk activities in tumors can be noninvasively monitored using PET after systemic Sindbis/tk treatments as a basis for determining the levels and tissue distribution of vector, noninvasively in living animals, and for optimizing in vivo transfection rates of tumor.
Prostate Cancer Staging: Should MR Imaging Be Used?—A Decision Analytic Approach (2000)

It is not yet conclusively determined whether preoperative MR staging is appropriate, but results of decision analysis suggest that MR staging is cost-effective for men with moderate or high prior probability of extracapsular disease.
Synthesis, structure, and characterization of the tetranuclear iron(III) oxo complex [Fe4O2(BICOH)2(BICO)2(O2CPh)4]Cl2 (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and characterization of the tetranuclear iron(III) oxo complex [Fe4O2(BICOH)2(BICO)2(O2CPh)4]Cl2Sergiu M. Gorun and Stephen J. LippardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 1, 149–156Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00274a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00274a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views221Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Generation of Rayleigh/Rician Fading Channels With Variable RMS Delay by Changing Boundary Conditions of the Reverberation Chamber (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This letter presents the properties of the generated Rayleigh/Rician fading channels in the reverberation chamber (RC) experimentally. Radio propagation channels that undergo multipath fading phenomena can be characterized by power delay profiles (PDPs), delay spreads, and statistical distributions of the received power. The RC under the conventional configuration for electromagnetic compatibility/electromagnetic interference (EMC/EMI) evaluations has Rayleigh distribution because there are no direct paths between the TX and RX antennas. Most of the transmitted signals arrive at the RX part through multiple reflection paths. By changing the boundary conditions and the position of the TX antenna, Rayleigh/Rician fading channels with variable root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread can be generated in the RC considering K-factor simultaneously. </para>
New Methods of Reducing Noise in External Gear Pumps (1980)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The noise from external gear pumps has been significantly reduced by a new design which consists of two sets of gears, half the width of a standard gear, and offset about 1/2 pitch. The new pump makes use of a housing which is externally basically the same as a standard pump. This paper presents test stand and field measurements of the pump.</div>
Risk Factors for Respiratory Decompensation Among Healthy Infants With Bronchiolitis (2017)

Young age, black race, emergency department hypoxemia, and retractions or accessory muscle use were associated with respiratory decompensation in children with bronchiolitis. These factors should be considered at presentation, as they identify children who require a higher level of respiratory monitoring and support and others who may not benefit.
Flibanserin, a potential antidepressant drug, lowers 5‐HT and raises dopamine and noradrenaline in the rat prefrontal cortex dialysate: role of 5‐HT<sub>1A</sub> receptors (2003)

(1) Using in vivo intracerebral microdialysis in conscious, freely moving rats, we examined the effect of flibanserin, a potential antidepressant drug with high affinity for human 5-HT(1A) receptors and four-50-fold lower affinity for 5-HT(2A) and D(4) receptors, on basal extracellular concentrations of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) in selected regions of the rat brain. (2) Flibanserin at 3 and 10 mg kg(-1) significantly reduced extracellular 5-HT in the prefrontal cortex (by 30 and 45%) and dorsal raphe (35 and 44%), but had no effect on extracellular 5-HT in the ventral hippocampus. The 3 and 10 mg kg(-1) doses raised extracellular NA to a similar extent in the prefrontal cortex (47 and 50%). In all, 10 mg kg(-1) raised extracellular DA in the prefrontal cortex (63%) whereas 3 mg kg(-1) had no significant effect. (3) Pretreatment with the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY100,635 (0.3 mg kg(-1)) 30 min before 10 mg kg(-1) flibanserin completely antagonized the latter's effects on extracellular 5-HT, DA and NA in the prefrontal cortex. WAY100,635 by itself had no effect on cortical extracellular monoamines. (4) The results show that the stimulation of 5-HT(1A) receptors plays a major role in the effect of flibanserin on brain extracellular 5-HT, DA and NA.
Integrated-optic array illuminator: a new design for guided-wave optical interconnections (1998)

An integrated array illuminator can be used not only as an opticalpower distributor for an array of guided-wave optic devices but also asa key element for guided-wave optical interconnections. We presenta new design for an integrated-optic array illuminator with focusingwaveguide diffractive doublet arrays. This integrated arrayilluminator allows independent optimizations of efficient and uniformoptical power distribution and focusing performance. Furthermore, the device can be fabricated with all-optical lithographic technologyand hence has the advantages of mass production with lowcost.
Properties of <scp>D</scp>‐amino‐acid oxidase from <i>Rhodotorula gracilis</i> (1989)

The flavoprotein D-amino-acid oxidase was purified to homogeneity from the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis by a highly reproducible procedure. The amino acid composition of the protein was determined; the protein monomer had a molecular mass of 39 kDa and contained one molecule of FAD. The ratio between A274/A455 was about 8.2. D-Amino-acid oxidase from yeast showed typical flavin spectral perturbations on binding of the competitive inhibitor benzoate and was reduced by D-alanine under anaerobiosis. The enzyme reacted readily with sulfite to form a covalent reversible adduct and stabilized the red anionic form of the flavin semiquinone on photoreduction in the presence of 5-deazariboflavin; the 3,4-dihydro-FAD form was not detectable after reduction with sodium borohydride. Thus D-amino-acid oxidase from yeast exhibited most of the general properties of the dehydrogenase/oxidase class of flavoproteins; at the same time, the enzyme showed some peculiar features with respect to the same protein from pig kidney.
Visual language modeling for image classification (2007)

Although it has been studied for many years, image classification is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a visual language modeling method for content-based image classification. It transforms each image into a matrix of visual words, and assumes that each visual word is conditionally dependent on its neighbors. For each image category, a visual language model is constructed using a set of training images, which captures both the co-occurrence and proximity information of visual words. According to how many neighbors are taken in consideration, three kinds of language models can be trained, including unigram, bigram and trigram, each of which corresponds to a different level of model complexity. Given a test image, its category is determined by estimating how likely it is generated under a specific category. Compared with traditional methods that are based on bag-of-words models, the proposed method can utilize the spatial correlation of visual words effectively in image classification. In addition, we propose to use the absent words, which refer to those appearing frequently in a category but not in the target image, to help image classification. Experimental results show that our method can achieve comparable accuracy while performing classification much more quickly.
A Large-Scale Neural Network Which Recognizes Handwritten Kanji Characters (1989)

We propose a new way to construct a large-scale neural network for 3.000 handwritten Kanji characters recognition. This neural network consists of 3 parts: a collection of small-scale networks which are trained individually on a small number of Kanji characters; a network which integrates the output from the small-scale networks, and a process to facilitate the integration of these neworks. The recognition rate of the total system is comparable with those of the small-scale networks. Our results indicate that the proposed method is effective for constructing a large-scale network without loss of recognition performance.
Multispecies Heterodyne Phase Sensitive Dispersion Spectroscopy over 80 nm Using a MEMS-VCSEL (2017)

Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers fabricated with movable microelectromechanical mirrors can offer continuous single-mode wavelength tuning up to 100 nm with high efficiency and in a very small package. Wide tunability makes these diode lasers ideally suited for multispecies and high-density gas analysis and the first demonstrations of direct absorption spectroscopy and wavelength modulation spectroscopy have already been published. The performance of these systems could nevertheless be enhanced by the use of the new molecular dispersion spectroscopic methods, as heterodyne phase sensitive dispersion spectroscopy. This technique bases its operation on the detection of the profile of the refractive index of the sample under analysis, in contrast to traditional architectures based on the measurement of optical absorption, and this provides noticeable advantages. First, the method is normalization-free, and therefore, the characteristic issue of the nonmonotonic intensity profile during wavelength tuning of tunable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers is directly overcome. In addition, dispersion spectroscopy also provides an intrinsic linearity with concentration, high suitability for calibration-free operation, and an extended dynamic range that are very desirable features to have in an optical gas analyzer. In this Letter we present the first multispecies spectrometer based on a widely tunable vertical cavity surface emitting laser and heterodyne phase sensitive dispersion spectroscopy that is capable of operating in a tuning range of more of 80 nm for the simultaneous detection of several species.
Fly-through heijo palace site (2012)

We have developed an augmented telepresence system which enables virtual tourism beyond time and space. Augmented telepresence provides a user with both the view of a remote location and related information using augmented reality techniques. This study deals with the geometric and photometric registration problems to generate movie-quality augmented omnidirectional videos automatically. The user can look around the scene from the sky above Heijo palace Site which is an ancient capital in Nara, Japan in the technical demonstration.
THE USE OF GLUCOSE INORGANIC SALTS MEDIA IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE COLI‐AEROGENES BACTERIA. I. THE METHYL RED AND VOGES‐PROSKAUER REACTIONS (1953)

SUMMARY: A chemically defined glucose ammonium phosphate medium gave methy red and Voges‐Proskauer reactions which were superior to those in glucose peptone phosphate. Optimum condition for both tests require a starting pH of 6·8 and incubation for 3 days at 30°. The medium gave a negative correlation between the two reactions with 34 out of 35 strains that were positive to both tests in the peptone medium. The addition of glutamic acid helped to eliminate doubtful positive M. R. reactions but seemed to suppress acetylmethylcarbinol production by weakly V.‐P. positive strains.
Silicon and Aluminum Ordering of Zeolites: Interpretation of Silicon-29 NMR Data for Faujasite and ZK4 (1983)

Silicon-29 NMR provides a direct measurement of the average Al neighbor distribution in zeolite frameworks, from which the nature of the Si,Al ordering can be inferred. Comparison of 29Si NMR data for synthetic faujasites and A-type (ZK4) zeolites shows that the Si,Al distribution is different for these frameworks despite their having a common structural element, the sodalite cage. It is shown that the Si,Al distribution in faujasite crystals can be understood in terms of an ordered sub-unit, the single 6-ring, combined randomly within the framework topology in accordance with Loewenstein's rule as the only constraint. It is hypothesized that the difference between faujasite and ZK4 ordering lies in nature of the fundamental sub-unit.
Noise Removal in Speech Processing Using Spectral Subtraction (2014)

Spectral subtraction is used in this research as a method to remove noise from noisy speech signals in the frequency domain. This method consists of computing the spectrum of the noisy speech using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and subtracting the average magnitude of the noise spectrum from the noisy speech spectrum. We applied spectral subtraction to the speech signal “Real graph”. A digital audio recorder system embedded in a personal computer was used to sample the speech signal “Real graph” to which we digitally added vacuum cleaner noise. The noise removal algorithm was implemented using Matlab software by storing the noisy speech data into Hanning time-widowed half-overlapped data buffers, computing the corresponding spectrums using the FFT, removing the noise from the noisy speech, and reconstructing the speech back into the time domain using the inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT). The performance of the algorithm was evaluated by calculating the Speech to Noise Ratio (SNR). Frame averaging was introduced as an optional technique that could improve the SNR. Seventeen different configurations with various lengths of the Hanning time windows, various degrees of data buffers overlapping, and various numbers of frames to be averaged were investigated in view of improving the SNR. Results showed that using one-fourth overlapped data buffers with 128 points Hanning windows and no frames averaging leads to the best performance in removing noise from the noisy speech.
A Versatile Dynamic Mussel‐Inspired Biointerface: From Specific Cell Behavior Modulation to Selective Cell Isolation (2018)

Reported here is a novel dynamic biointerface based on reversible catechol-boronate chemistry. Biomimetically designed peptides with a catechol-containing sequence and a cell-binding sequence at each end were initially obtained. The mussel-inspired peptides were then reversibly bound to a phenylboronic acid (PBA) containing polymer-grafted substrate through sugar-responsive catechol-boronate interactions. The resultant biointerface is thus capable of dynamic presentation of the bioactivity (i.e. the cell-binding sequence) by virtue of changing sugar concentrations in the system (similar to human glycemic volatility). In addition, the sugar-responsive biointerface enables not only dynamic modulation of stem cell adhesion behaviors but also selective isolation of tumor cells. Considering the highly biomimetic nature and biological stimuli-responsiveness, this mussel-inspired dynamic biointerface holds great promise in both fundamental cell biology research and advanced medical applications.
Development of a shape memory alloy actuator. Improvement of output performance by the introduction of a σ-mechanism (1988)

The driving-force-generating principle of an actuator made of shape memory alloy (SMA) is based on the thermal elastic martensitic transformation, a kind of elastic phenomenon. As a result, conventional SMA actuators which use a circular pulley have tended to exhibit undesirable characteristics such as the maximum generable torque being changed depending on the rotating angle when the robot joint was driven by rotating motion transformed from expansion/contraction of the SMA, so that the servo system to support the torque under a certain load could not have an operable range wide enough for practical application. This paper intends to clarify these problems of SMA actuators and proposes a new joint mechanism using a σ-shaped non-circular pulley, called the σ-mechanism, for joint linkage to overcome the problems. This design enables the maximum generated torque to be kept uniform at all times by reducing the torque-arm-length in inverse proportion when the SMA tension increases corresponding to the rotating angle of the joint. Subsequently, a specifically designing algorithm for the proposed σ-mechanism is discussed. The validity of the new mechanism is demonstrated by an experimental model using an SMA actuator with a σpulley.
Simulation and Analysis of Random Decision Errors in Clocked Comparators (2009)

Clocked comparators have found widespread use in noise sensitive applications including analog-to-digital converters, wireline receivers, and memory bit-line detectors. However, their nonlinear, time-varying dynamics resulting in discrete output levels have discouraged the use of traditional linear time-invariant (LTI) small-signal analysis and noise simulation techniques. This paper describes a linear, time-varying (LTV) model of clock comparators that can accurately predict the decision error probability without resorting to more general stochastic system models. The LTV analysis framework in conjunction with the linear, periodically time-varying (LPTV) simulation algorithms available from RF circuit simulators can provide insights into the intrinsic sampling and decision operations of clock comparators and the major contribution sources to random decision errors. Two comparators are simulated and compared with laboratory measurements. A 90-nm CMOS comparator is measured to have an equivalent input-referred random noise of 0.73 mVrms for dc inputs, matching simulation results with a short channel excess noise factor ¿ = 2.
Southern Plains Woodrats ( <i>Neotoma micropus</i> ) from Southern Texas Are Important Reservoirs of Two Genotypes of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> and Host of a Putative Novel <i>Trypanosoma</i> Species (2012)

Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease, is an important public health and veterinary pathogen. Although human cases are rare in the United States, infections in wildlife, and in some areas domestic dogs, are common. In 2008 and 2010, we investigated T. cruzi prevalence in possible vertebrate reservoirs in southern Texas, with an emphasis on southern plains woodrats (Neotoma micropus). Infection status was determined using a combination of culture isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serologic testing. Based on PCR and/or culture, T. cruzi was detected in 35 of 104 (34%) woodrats, 3 of 4 (75%) striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), 12 of 20 (60%) raccoons (Procyon lotor), and 5 of 28 (18%) other rodents including a hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus), rock squirrel (Otospermophilus variegatus), black rat (Rattus rattus), and two house mice (Mus musculus). Additionally, another Trypanosoma species was detected in 41 woodrats, of which 27 were co-infected with T. cruzi. Genetic characterization of T. cruzi revealed that raccoon, rock squirrel, and cotton rat isolates were genotype TcIV, while woodrats and skunks were infected with TcI and TcIV. Based on the Chagas Stat-Pak assay, antibodies were detected in 27 woodrats (26%), 13 raccoons (65%), 4 skunks (100%), and 5 other rodents (18%) (two white-ankled mice [Peromyscus pectoralis laceianus], two house mice, and a rock squirrel). Seroprevalence based on indirect immunofluorescence antibody testing was higher for both woodrats (37%) and raccoons (90%), compared with the Chagas Stat-Pak. This is the first report of T. cruzi in a hispid cotton rat, black rat, rock squirrel, and white-ankled mouse. These data indicate that based on culture and PCR testing, the prevalence of T. cruzi in woodrats is comparable with other common reservoirs (i.e., raccoons and opossums) in the United States. However, unlike raccoons and opossums, which tend to be infected with a particular genotype, southern plains woodrats were infected with TcI and TcIV at near equal frequencies.