gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-related differences in presentation and course of inflammatory bowel disease: an update on the population-based literature (2014)

Current data indicate a change in the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases. The disease has become more widespread and the rise in the incidence has been reported in all age groups including early childhood and according to recent data also the elderly population. Some earlier studies have suggested that the phenotype and natural history of the disease may be different according to age of onset. Recently the importance of age at onset was reported in two population-based studies from France and Hungary including both paediatric and adult onset inception cohorts. Early onset disease was associated with more frequent disease extension in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and in most but not all studies with higher frequency of complicated disease behaviour. This is also accompanied by striking differences in the medical management with earlier and more prevalent (2-3-fold) use of immunosuppressives and to some extent biologicals in patients with early compared to elderly-onset disease, especially in Crohn's disease. However, the results of population-based studies on impact of age on surgery rates in Crohn´s disease as well as ulcerative colitis are conflicting. Furthermore, published data indicate that relative but not absolute risk of developing cancer and mortality is higher in patients with an early onset disease. Critical reviews that focus on the importance of age at onset in inflammatory bowel disease are rare. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the differences in epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and natural history of paediatric and elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease based on studies performed in general population.
Estimation of Tire Forces for Application to Vehicle Stability Control (2009)

Estimated tire forces can be used to implement unified-chassis-control (UCC) systems. This paper presents a scheme for longitudinal/lateral tire-force estimation. The longitudinal and lateral tire-force-estimation scheme has been designed, and this consists of the following five steps: vertical tire-force estimation, shaft torque estimation, longitudinal tire-force estimation based on a simplified wheel-dynamics model, lateral tire-force estimation based on a planar model, and the combined tire-force estimation. The combined tire-force-estimation scheme has been designed to compensate for the longitudinal/lateral tire-force estimator, which uses a random-walk Kalman filter. The proposed estimation scheme has been integrated into a UCC system. The performance of the UCC system, including the estimator, has been evaluated via computer simulations conducted using the vehicle dynamic software CARSIM, the ASM vehicle model, and the UCC system coded with Matlab/Simulink.
Biotyping of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from normal human facial skin (1979)

Biochemical and serological characteristics of 128 strains of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from the facial skin of healthy Japanese volunteers were compared with the three standard strains of the American Type Culture Collection, ATCC 6919, 11827, and 11828. Accordingly, the isolated strains of P. acnes were classified into five biotypes (B1 to B5) on the basis of fermentation tests of ribose, erythritol, and sorbitol. Two serotypes were distinguished by the agglutination test. P. acnes belonging to serotype I had galactose as a cell wall sugar, whereas those of serotype II lacked galactose. The strains of serotype I were distributed among all five biotypes (B1 to B5); however, those of serotype II consisted only of one biotype (B2). A term "sero-biotype" was introduced to differentiate and carefully classify the isolates. The predominant sero-biotypes differed with the individual and region of the facial skin. In general, strains of sero-biotype IB1, IB3, IB4, and IIB2 were more frequently isolated than those of sero-biotype IB2 and IB5. Thus, for routine assay work, serotyping of P. acnes as based on erythritol and sorbitol fermentation is both practical and applicable.
Relevance of ASR for the Automatic Generation of Keywords Suggestions for TV programs (2009)

Semantic access to multimedia content in audiovisual archives is to a large extent dependent on quantity and quality of the metadata, and particularly the content descriptions that are attached to the individual items. However, given the growing amount of materials that are being created on a daily basis and the digitization of existing analogue collections, the traditional manual annotation of collections puts heavy demands on resources, especially for large audiovisual archives. One way to address this challenge, is to introduce (semi) automatic annotation techniques for generating and/or enhancing metadata. The NWO funded CATCH-CHOICE project has investigated the extraction of keywords form textual resources related to the TV programs to be archived (context documents), in collaboration with the Dutch audiovisual archives, Sound and Vision. Besides the descriptions of the programs published by the broadcasters on their Websites, Automatic Speech Transcription (ASR) techniques from the CATCH-CHoral project, also provide textual resources that might be relevant for suggesting keywords. This paper investigates the suitability of ASR for generating such keywords, which we evaluate against manual annotations of the documents and against keywords automatically generated from context documents.
The Gas Phase Exchange Reaction between HBr and Br2 (1950)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Homer Jacobson; The Gas Phase Exchange Reaction between HBr and Br2. J. Chem. Phys. 1 July 1950; 18 (7): 994. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1747832 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Isolation and characterization of the smallest bacteriophage P4 derivatives packaged into P4-size head in bacteriophage P2-P4 system. (2006)

Bacteriophage P4, a satellite phage of coliphage P2, is a very useful experimental tool for the study of viral capsid assembly and cos-cleavage. For an in vitro cos-cleavage reaction study of the P2-P4 system, new shortened and selectable markers containing P4 derivative plasmids were designed as a substrate molecules. They were constructed by swapping the non-essential segment of P4 DNA for either the kanamycin resistance (kmr) gene or the ampicillin resistance (apr) gene. The size of the genomes of the resulting markers were 82% (P4 ash8 delRI:: kmr) and 79% (P4 ash8 delRI:: apr) of the wild type P4 genome. To determine the lower limit of genome size that could be packaged into the small P4-size head, these shortened P4 plasmids were converted to phage particles with infection of the helper phage P2. The conversion of plasmid P4 derivatives to bacteriophage particles was verified by the heat stability test and the burst size determination experiment. CsCl buoyant equilibrium density gradient experiments confirmed not only the genome size of the viable phage form of shortened P4 derivatives, but also their packaging into the small P4-size head. P4 ash8 delRI:: apr turned out to be the smallest P4 genome that can be packaged into P4-sized head.
Literary Sources for the Early History of the D.C.C.M. (2002)

Résumé Pour un demi siècle, l'histoire ancienne des Disciples of Christ Congo Mission (DCCM) a été négligée par les chercheurs et les chefs d'église. L'histoire ancienne de cette mission protestante américaine au Congo Central a commencé en 1897 et s'est clôturée en 1932, suite à la dépression économique, dont une des conséquence était la regression du recrutement et de la formation de missionnaires par la United Christian Missionary Society (UCMS), l'organisation sous l'auspice de laquelle les missionnaires DCCM ont travaillé. Les sources pour connaître l'histoire du DCCM sont variées et éparpillées. Le but de cette contribution est de fournir une vue d'ensemble de ces sources, tant publiées qu'inédites. Les sources publiées incluent lettres et articles publiés dans périodiques missionnaires et autres, des livres et brochures. Les sources inédites incluent des lettres, journaux, mémoires de maîtrise, et autres manuscrits des missionnaires et leurs contemporains. Mots-Clés: United Christian Missionary Society (UCMS); Disciples of Christ Congo Mission; Disciples du Christ au Congo; Histoire congolaise. Summary For half a century the early history of the Disciples of Christ Congo Mission (DCCM) has been neglected by scholars and church leaders alike. The ";early history"; of this American Protestant mission in central Congo began in 1897 and ended in 1932, when the depression produced a slump in the appointment and training of missionaries by the United Christian Missionary Society (UCMS), the umbrella organization under whose auspices the DCCM missionaries worked. Sources for understanding the early history of the DCCM are varied and scattered. The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise review of those sources. This review includes both published and unpublished sources. Published sources include letters and articles published in missionary periodicals, books, pamphlets, and scholarly articles of recent. Unpublished sources include letters, diaries, masters theses, and other manuscript writings of the missionaries and their contemporaries. Key-words: United Christian Missionary Society (UCMS); Disciples of Christ Congo Mission; Congo history. (Annales Aequatoria: 2003 23: 553-579)
Layered chiral metallic microstructures with inductive coupling (2001)

A bilayered quasiplanar metallic microstructure, comprising an ensemble of fully metallic “molecules” with inductive coupling between two parts of the molecule, is predicted to show strong optical rotatory power.
Myeloid cell differentiation arrest by miR-125b-1 in myelodysplasic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia with the t(2;11)(p21;q23) translocation (2008)

Most chromosomal translocations in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) involve oncogenes that are either up-regulated or form part of new chimeric genes. The t(2;11)(p21;q23) translocation has been cloned in 19 cases of MDS and AML. In addition to this, we have shown that this translocation is associated with a strong up-regulation of miR-125b (from 6- to 90-fold). In vitro experiments revealed that miR-125b was able to interfere with primary human CD34(+) cell differentiation, and also inhibited terminal (monocytic and granulocytic) differentiation in HL60 and NB4 leukemic cell lines. Therefore, miR-125b up-regulation may represent a new mechanism of myeloid cell transformation, and myeloid neoplasms carrying the t(2;11) translocation define a new clinicopathological entity.
Effect of ras-activation on the expression of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins on the plasma membrane. (1991)

NIH3T3 cells were transfected with a vector containing c-H-ras under the transcriptional control of the mouse metallothionein-I promoter. When c-H-ras expression was induced with heavy metal ions there was a marked reduction in the expression of two glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored proteins, TAP/Ly-6A.2 and Thy-1, on the plasma membrane of the transformed cells. In contrast the cell-surface expression of other non-GPI-anchored proteins was unaltered. The major loss of Thy-1 induced by ras activation occurred from the pool of molecules expressed on the cell surface. The Thy-1 molecules that were preferentially lost from the surface of the ras-transformed cells could not be recovered from the extracellular fluid by immunoprecipitation. In contrast, the rate of internalization of Thy-1 was increased approximately 69% subsequent to ras activation. The possible significance of these findings to the function of c-H-ras is discussed.
Multianalyte Serum Analysis Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (1998)

This study assesses the potential for using mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy of dried serum films as the basis for the simultaneous quantitation of eight serum analytes: total protein, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, urea, creatinine and uric acid. Infrared transmission spectra were acquired for 300 serum samples, each analysed independently using accepted reference clinical chemical methods. Quantitation methods were based upon the infrared spectra and reference analyses for 200 specimens, and the models validated using the remaining 100 samples. Standard errors in the IR-predicted analyte levels (Sy/x) were 2.8 g/L (total protein), 2.2 g/L (albumin), 0.23 mmol/L (triglycerides), 0.28 mmol/L (cholesterol), 0.41 mmol/L (glucose) and 1.1 mmol/L for urea, with correlation coefficients (IR vs reference analyses) of 0.95 or better. The IR method emerged to be less suited for creatinine (Sy/x = mumol/L) and uric acid (Sy/x = 140 mumol/L) due to the relatively low concentrations typical of these analytes.
Etude sédimentologique de la gravière Boutelet dans les alluvions anciennes de la Marne à Chelles (1965)

Sedimentologic study of a gravel pit, near by Chelles, allows to particularize some features of the grain-size distribution of the quaternary alluvial deposits of the river Marne and especially to show the very significant phenomena (ice-wedge, microfault, frost boils). Other phenomena must be noticed : the calcrust and the manganese varnish of the lower beds.
Gate Matrix Layout of Random Control Logic in a 32-bit CMOS CPU Chip Adaptable to Evolving Logic Design (1983)

BELLMAC-32A is a single-chip fully 32-bit high-end microprocessor designed in 2.5-?m twin-tub CMOS technology. This paper describes the gate matrix layout of random control logic in BELLMAC-32A with top-down hierarchical design methodology. The gate matrix layout provided (1) parallel team layout efforts, (2) adaptability to evolving logic design with short turnaround time, (3) high packing density competitive with hand layout, (4) compatibility with computer-aided layout and verification tools, (5) capability to fine-tune circuits, and (6) technology updatability. It took 6.5 engineer-years to complete the layout of random control logic with 7000 transistors although the logic design was continuously evolving during the layout period. The average packing density of gate matrix layout was 1500 ?m2 per transistor in random logic and 840 ?m2 per transistor in data path. BELLMAC-32A had more-than-three times performance improvement over its 3.5 ?m technology prototype chip BELLMAC-32, in which random control logic was implemented with polycells.
Consumer Motivations for Online Shopping (2000)

Consumers shop online for goal-oriented, instrumental reasons, and for experiential reasons. However, goaloriented motives are more common among online shoppers than are experiential motives. Based on our exploratory research of online shopping using 5 offline and 4 online focus groups conducted in conjunction with Harris Interactive, we identify and discuss attributes that facilitate goal-oriented online shopping, including accessibility/convenience, selection, information availability and lack of unwanted sociality from retail sales help or shopping partners such as spouses. The goal-oriented characteristics of online shopping collectively result in an experience that is involving for buyers, but which results in low commitment to purchasing. Buyers shop when and where they want, and are comfortable abandoning a site and products placed in a shopping cart either on a whim or to further consider their purchase; consumers often use the words "freedom" and "control" in explaining the value of online shopping. While consumers are more likely to describe offline rather than online shopping in experiential terms, we find evidence of experiential motivations for online shopping emerging. We offer managerial implications for cultivating goal-oriented and experiential online buyers.
Similarities Between Glossopharyngeal Breathing and Injection Methods of Air Intake for Esophageal Speech (1970)

No AccessJournal of Speech and Hearing DisordersForum1 Feb 1970Similarities Between Glossopharyngeal Breathing and Injection Methods of Air Intake for Esophageal Speech Bernd Weinberg, and James F. Bosma Bernd Weinberg Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis Google Scholar More articles by this author and James F. Bosma National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.3501.25 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Philip C. Doyle and Elizabeth A. Finchem (2019) Teaching Esophageal Speech: A Process of Collaborative Instruction Clinical Care and Rehabilitation in Head and Neck Cancer10.1007/978-3-030-04702-3_10 H. Javkin, M. Galler and N. Niedzielski Enhancement of esophageal speech by injection noise rejection 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing10.1109/ICASSP.1997.5961610-8186-7919-0 Volume 35Issue 1February 1970Pages: 25-32 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Feb 1, 1970PubMed ID: 4909035 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsasha-article-typesCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1970 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF downloadLoading ...
The detection and prevention of air bubbles in immersion liquid (2009)

Immersion lithography has been proposed as a method for improving optical lithography resolution to 45 nm and below. The premise behind the concept is to increase the refraction index in the space between the lens and wafer by insertion of a high refractive index liquid in place of the low refractive index air that currently fills the gap. During the scanning and exposure process, immersion liquid is injected into the space between wafer and lens with certain inlet pressure and angle. Because the liquid will act as a lens component during the lithographic process, it must maintain high uniform optical quality. Air bubbles in immersion liquid will decay the optical quality of the fluid and must be concerned. In this paper, some preliminary experimental results are included. Four types of bubble formation during lithographic process are defined and discussed, and the corresponding preventive means are also proposed.
Synthesis of some very bulky N,N′-disubstituted amidines and initial studies of their coordination chemistry † (1998)

N,N′-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4-toluamidine, -4-anisylamidine and -acetamidine have been prepared for the first time from 2,6-diisopropylaniline and the acid chlorides via the corresponding imidoyl chlorides. The crystal structures of all three amidines were determined, indicating that the first is a disordered mixture of Z-anti and E-syn tautomeric forms, the second Z-anti, and the third E-anti in the solid state. Despite these differences, all three form identical coordination complexes with Mo(CO)3 in which the ligand is in the Z-anti geometry, and the metal is π-coordinated to the imino 2,6-diisopropylphenyl ring, and the amino N–H unit is directed towards metal. The coordination mode was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structure determination of the toluamidine and methylamidine complexes with Mo(CO)3. In the case only of the methylamidine, an isolable intermediate is first formed in which the neutral amidine is coordinated in a monodentate fashion to an Mo(CO)5 unit. The crystal structure of this complex shows that the ligand is in the E-anti geometry, with the imino nitrogen coordinated to Mo, d(Mo–N) = 2.352(2) Å. The structures are closely related in that the initial Mo(CO)5 N-coordination sets up the metal for conversion to the more thermodynamically stable π-coordinated Mo(CO)3 complex. The high steric bulk of these superamidine ligands is seen in the failure of any of them to form the metal–metal bonded Mo2(amidinate)4 complexes typically prepared using common, less bulky, amidines.
Computerized tomography in subarachnoid hemorrhage (1980)

Fifty patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage were investigated by both computerized tomography (CT), within 5 days of onset, and complete cerebral angiography. CT showed blood in the basal cisterns in 38 of the 42 patients with a demonstrable aneurysm, but in only 1 of 8 patients with a negative angiogram (p less than 0.001). This means that: (1) blood in the basal cisterns on CT almost certainly indicates a ruptured aneurysm, and (2) unexplained subarachnoid hemorrhages are unlikely to be caused by occult basal aneurysms.
An MRF model-based approach to simultaneous recovery of depth and restoration from defocused images (1999)

In this paper, we propose a MAP-Markov random field (MRF) based scheme for recovering the depth and the focused image of a scene from two defocused images. The space-variant blur parameter and the focused image of the scene are both modeled as MRFs and their MAP estimates are obtained using simulated annealing. The scheme is amenable to the incorporation of smoothness constraints on the spatial variations of the blur parameter as well as the scene intensity. It also allows for inclusion of line fields to preserve discontinuities. The performance of the proposed scheme is tested on synthetic as well as real data and the estimates of the depth are found to be better than that of the existing window-based depth from defocus technique. The quality of the space-variant restored image of the scene is quite good even under severe space-varying blurring conditions.
Effect of Nanoparticles on Gas Sorption and Transport in Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (2003)

Penetrant permeability coefficients in high-free-volume, glassy poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) [PTMSP] increase systematically with increasing concentration of nonporous, nanoscale fumed silica [FS]. For example, the permeability of PTMSP containing 40 wt % FS to methane is 180% higher than that of the unfilled polymer. Gas and vapor solubility in the nanocomposites are unaffected by FS at concentrations of up to 50 wt %. Penetrant diffusion coefficients in PTMSP increase with increasing FS content, and the enhanced permeability in the nanocomposites is due to this rise in diffusivity. These results are qualitatively similar to behavior previously observed when FS was added to another stiff-chain polyacetylene, poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) [PMP]. However, in contrast to PMP, the permeability of PTMSP to relatively small gases increases more upon filling than that of larger penetrants. This results in a reduction in vapor/permanent-gas selectivity for filled PTMSP. In fact, mixed-gas n-butane/methane selectivity is 64% lower in PTMSP containing 50 wt % FS than in pure PTMSP. These results, combined with penetrant diffusion coefficients on the order of 10-3 cm2/s in filled PTMSP, suggest an escalating influence of free phase transport mechanisms such as Knudsen diffusion as FS concentration in the polymer increases.