gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative two-dimensional gel analysis and microsequencing identifies gelsolin as one of the most prominent downregulated markers of transformed human fibroblast and epithelial cells. (1990)

A systematic comparison of the protein synthesis patterns of cultured normal and transformed human fibroblasts and epithelial cells, using two-dimensional gel protein analysis combined with computerized imaging and data acquisition, identified a 90-kD protein (SSP 5714) as one of the most striking downregulated markers typical of the transformed state. Using the information stored in the comprehensive human cellular protein database, we found this protein strongly expressed in several fetal tissues and one of them, epidermis, served as a source for preparative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Partial amino acid sequences were generated from peptides obtained by in situ digestion of the electroblotted protein. These sequences identified the marker protein as gelsolin, a finding that was confirmed by two-dimensional immunoblotting of human MRC-5 fibroblast proteins using specific antibodies and by coelectrophoresis with purified human gelsolin. These results suggest that an important regulatory protein of the microfilament system may play a role in defining the phenotype of transformed human fibroblast and epithelial cells in culture.
A study of composite foams for diving suits subjected to high hydrostatic pressure (1979)

In order to obtain foams possessing flexibility and at the same time heat insulation under high hydrostatic pressure, composite foams with spherical rigid foams filled in flexible rubber foam at certain intervals were prepared and their thermal conductivity and flexural rigidity were studied. The following points were found: (1) With a unit model having a spherical rigid foam in the middle, the thermal conduction of a composite foam was analyzed under the conditions of steady one-dimensional heat flow. Theoretical equations giving overall coefficients of heat transmission under atmospheric and hydrostatic pressures were obtained, and the adequacy of these theoretical equations was confirmed by the measurement of overall coefficients of heat transmission of composite foams in an apparatus so constructed as to allow heat conduction experiments under pressures ranging from atmospheric to the hydrostatic pressure corresponding to 100-m depth in water. (2) The effect of the filled spherical rigid foams on heat insulation is notable under hydrostatic pressures corresponding to a 20-m depth or more in water. Under the hydrostatic pressure corresponding to a 100-m depth in water, the coefficient of heat insulation of the most closely filled composite foam used in the experiment was approximately 35% larger than that of the unfilled foam, while the theoretical most closely filled composite foam gives an approximately 110% increase. (3) Under the hydrostatic pressure corresponding to a 100-m depth in water, the flexural rigidity of the most closely filled composite foam used in the experiment was approximately one half that of an unfilled foam of the same heat insulating property.
Growth of iron cobaltoxides by atomic layer deposition (2007)

Thin films of iron cobalt oxides with spinel-type structure are made by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique using Fe(thd)3 (Hthd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione), Co(thd)2, and ozone as precursors. Pulse parameters for ALD-type growth are established and such growth can be achieved at deposition temperatures between 185 and 310 degrees C. Films have been deposited on amorphous soda-lime glass and single-crystalline substrates of Si(100), MgO(100), and alpha-Al2O3(001) which all provide crystalline films, but with various orientations and crystallite sizes. Application of an external magnetic field during the film growth does not influence film growth characteristics (growth rate, crystallinity, topography etc.). Magnetization data are reported for phase-pure films of spinel-type structure with composition Fe2CoO4.
Use of Statistical Design of Experiments in the Optimization of Amide Synthesis Utilizing Polystyrene-Supported <i>N</i>-Hydroxybenzotriazole Resin (2002)

Two fields that routinely perform reaction optimization studies are chemical development (prior to scale-up) and medicinal or combinatorial chemistry (prior to analogue synthesis or library production). To date, the use of statistical design of experiments (DoE) in conjunction with automated synthesizers has been applied in process research to a greater extent than in the medicinal or combinatorial laboratories. We have applied DoE in conjunction with an automated synthesizer to optimize the synthesis of amides employing resin-bound N-hydroxybenzotriazole (PS-HOBt) active esters as intermediates. This methodology allowed the rapid development of an improved protocol for the parallel synthesis of amides by conversion of carboxylic acids to PS-HOBt esters followed by treatment with appropriate amines. Product isolation involved only simple filtration and evaporation.
Progress on the Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial biofilm (2006)

The infection caused by bacterial biofilm has becoming one of the most common nosocomial infection and gained much attention recently,with the characteristics of resistant to antibiotics and difficult to be cured.However, the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of bacterial biofilm is still not very clear.In this paper we reviewed the current possible mechanisms of the antibiotic resistance of bacterial biofilm.
Programming Robots to Express Emotions: Interaction Paradigms, Communication Modalities, and Context (2014)

Robots are beginning to be used in many fields, including health care, assistive industries, and entertainment. However, we believe that the usefulness of robots will remain limited until end-users without technology expertise can easily program them. For example, the wide range of situations in which robots must express emotions as well as the differences in people with whom robots interact require that emotional expressions be highly customized. Thus, end users should have the ability to create their own robot behaviors to express emotions in the specific situations and environments in which their robots operate. In this paper, we study the ability of novice users to program robots to express emotions using off-the-shelf programming interfaces and methods for Nao and Pleo robots. Via a series of user studies, we show that novice participants created nonverbal expressions with similar characteristics to those identified by experts. However, overall, the emotions expressed through these nonverbal expressions were not easily discerned by others. Verbal expressions were more discernible, although substantial room for improvement was observed. Results also indicate, but do not definitively show, that procedural mechanisms can improve users' abilities to create good verbal expressions.
Supercritical fluid extraction combined with microcolumn liquid chromatography for the analysis of polymer additives (1989)

Abstract Polymer additives were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide and collected in a microtrap. The collected samples were separated by microcolumn liquid chromatography. Polymer samples down to the sub‐milligram level were handled without loss of extract. Information about the distribution of additives was also obtained.
Socializing Drones for Inter-Service Operability in Ultra-Dense Wireless Networks using Blockchain (2017)

Ultra-dense wireless networks require on-demand nodes which can trust each other and relay information despite the difference in their service providers. This paper presents the secure utilization of drones as on-demand nodes for inter-service operability between multiple vendors by exploiting the features of the blockchain. Various components and strategies for driving blockchain-based drones are also presented. Further, this paper features the threat implications of the blockchain-based drones and compares the deployment issues with the centralized and traditional drone-assisted wireless networks.
Über Sauerstoffradikale, XXII. Aroxyle als 5π⊕‐Resonanzsysteme, ihre qualitative und quantitative Beschreibung (1961)

Abstract Die bezüglich des Grundzustandes zahlreicher Aroxyle gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden durch die EPR‐Untersuchung ausgewählter neuer Radikale (3‐Deutero‐2.4.6‐tri‐tert.‐butyl‐phenoxyl, 2.4.6‐Tri‐diphenylmethyl‐phenoxyl und 2.4.6‐Tri‐tert.‐butyl‐arazyl) wesentlich ergänzt und zusammenfassend diskutiert. Auf Grund des experimentellen Materials sind die Aroxyle in ihrem Grundzustand als 5π⊕‐Resonanzsysteme aufzufassen.
Glucose Biosensor Based on Oxygen Electrode. Part I: Silastic Coated Polycarbonate Membranes for Biosensor Application (1993)

Abstract An amperometric glucose biosensor based on the oxygen electrode principle has been developed. Polycarbonate membranes (pore size from 0.01 μm to 0.4 μm) were used as external glucose diffusion membranes in order to obtain direct proportionality of the amperometric signal to the substrate concentration in the entire physiological range. The commercially available membranes - standard (hydrophilic, treated with Polyvinylpyrrolidone/(PVP)) and PVP-free membranes were compared with membranes coated with a silicone elastomer (silastic). Spindrop coating technique was used to create stable, adhesive coatings over the polycarbonate membranes. These coated membranes achieved diffusion control of the glucose flux such that the amperometric signal of the biosensor was linearly proportional to the substrate concentration up to 16 mM glucose. The membrane parameters were optimized by varying the parameters of the coating process-spin rate of the membrane rotation and the silastic/water ratio in the coating emulsion. Key Words: Glucose biosensoroxygen electrodesilastic coatingpolycarbonate membranes
Instance Map based Image Synthesis with a Denoising Generative Adversarial Network (2018)

Semantic layouts based Image synthesizing, which has benefited from the success of Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), has drawn much attention in these days. How to enhance the synthesis image equality while keeping the stochasticity of the GAN is still a challenge. We propose a novel denoising framework to handle this problem. The overlapped objects generation is another challenging task when synthesizing images from a semantic layout to a realistic RGB photo. To overcome this deficiency, we include a one-hot semantic label map to force the generator paying more attention on the overlapped objects generation. Furthermore, we improve the loss function of the discriminator by considering perturb loss and cascade layer loss to guide the generation process. We applied our methods on the Cityscapes, Facades and NYU datasets and demonstrate the image generation ability of our model.
Towards a Hands-Free Query Optimizer through Deep Learning (2018)

Query optimization remains one of the most important and well-studied problems in database systems. However, traditional query optimizers are complex heuristically-driven systems, requiring large amounts of time to tune for a particular database and requiring even more time to develop and maintain in the first place. In this vision paper, we argue that a new type of query optimizer, based on deep reinforcement learning, can drastically improve on the state-of-the-art. We identify potential complications for future research that integrates deep learning with query optimization, and we describe three novel deep learning based approaches that can lead the way to end-to-end learning-based query optimizers.
The Antigens of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>, Strain BCG, Studied by Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis: a Reference System (1980)

A reference system for the soluble antigens of Mycobacterium bovis, strain BCG is described. The system is based on crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel. A commercially available immunoglobulin preparation made from rabbit anti-BCG hyperimmune serum was used as reference antibodies, while a concentrated BCG culture filtrate was used as reference antigen. The pattern obtained was highly reproducible, and most of the components were stable when the fiftyfold-concentrated culture filtrate was stored at -20 degrees C. About thirty different antigenic components were selected as reference antigens and numbered. The majority of the reference antigens were present in extracts prepared from BCG by ultrasonication or bacterial press extraction. Use of the system for studies of antigenic relationship between mycobacteria, identification and quantification of antigens, and characterization of antimycobacterial antibodies are illustrated by examples. The antigens of two preparations of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) were identified. The antigen designated BCG60 was found to be a najor constituent of tuberculin PPD. Evidence is presented that this antigen is cell wall associated.
Drop Coating Deposition Raman Spectroscopy of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Labeled Protein (2010)

Using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the model protein, normal Raman spectra of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated protein were systematically studied for the first time using both solution and the drop coating deposition Raman (DCDR) sampling techniques. The FITC-BSA Raman spectra are dominated by the FITC Raman features that are strongly pH dependent. Current DCDR detection sensitivity obtained with a 10:1 FITC-BSA conjugate is 45 fmol in terms of total protein consumption and ∼15 attomol at laser probed volume. Unlike the FITC-BSA solution Raman spectra, where the FITC Raman features are photostable, concurrent FITC fluorescence and Raman photobleaching is observed in the DCDR spectra of FITC-BSA. While the FITC Raman photobleaching follows a single exponential decay function with a time constant independent of the FITC labeling ratio, the fluorescence background photobleaching is much more complicated and it depends strongly on the FITC labeling ratio and sample conditions. Mechanistically, the FITC Raman photobleaching is believed to be due to photochemical reaction of the FITC molecules in the electronically excited state. The FITC fluorescence photobleaching involves both concentration quenching and photochemical quenching, and the latter may involve a photochemical intermediate that is fluorescence inactive but Raman active.
Self-assembly and self-healing for robotic collectives (2010)

In a large group of robots, which in the scope of this thesis is called a collective, the capabilities of the collective are often greater than the sum of the capabilities of the individual robots that make up that collective. This additional capability can be the result of the overall collective shape, and/or the robots’ changing their behavior based on their location within the collective, defined as differentiation. These properties of the collective, namely the shape and the overall differentiation of robots in the shape (the desired spatial-temporal role pattern), can add capabilities to a collective, and therefore they are important to control. In the event that the shape of the collective and/or the spatial-temporal role pattern is damaged, then the collective can lose some or all of the capabilities gained by those properties. If the collective could re-gain the lost properties through self-healing, then it is possible to recover the lost capabilities as well. This self-healing could be possible if the robots are capable of moving to a new location within the collective, as well as changing their differentiated behavior. 
In this thesis, a distributed control method called DASH ( distributed self-assembly and self-healing) is presented, which empowers a collective of robots to robustly and consistently form and maintain a pre-defined shape and spatial-temporal role pattern. Furthermore, a control method called S-DASH (scalable distributed self-assembly and self- healing) allows the shape and spatial-temporal role pattern to be formed at a scale proportional to the number of robots currently in the collective. If this collective shape or spatial-temporal role pattern is damaged through the un-controlled movement, removal, or addition of some members of the collective, the existing members will recover the desired shape and spatial-temporal role pattern proportional to the new number of robots in the collective. The control methods are analyzed in terms of the class of acceptable shapes, how well it scales to the number of robots in the collective, and convergence to the desired shape and spatial-temporal role pattern. The control methods are then demonstrated in a simulated collective of simple robots.
Boron atom reactions with silicon and germanium tetrahalides (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBoron atom reactions with silicon and germanium tetrahalidesC. T. Stanton, S. M. McKenzie, D. J. Sardella, R. G. Levy, and Paul DavidovitsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 16, 4658–4662Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100327a020https://doi.org/10.1021/j100327a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Real-time communications for the web (2013)

This article provides an overview of the work that W3C and IETF are doing toward defining a framework, protocols, and application programming interfaces that will provide real-time interactive voice, video, and data in web browsers and other applications. The article explains how media and data will flow in a peer-to-peer style directly between two web browsers. This explains the protocols used to transport and secure the encrypted media, traverse NATs and firewalls, negotiate media capabilities, and provide identity for the media.
Massively Parallel Sequencing of Human Urinary Exosome/Microvesicle RNA Reveals a Predominance of Non-Coding RNA (2014)

Intact RNA from exosomes/microvesicles (collectively referred to as microvesicles) has sparked much interest as potential biomarkers for the non-invasive analysis of disease. Here we use the Illumina Genome Analyzer to determine the comprehensive array of nucleic acid reads present in urinary microvesicles. Extraneous nucleic acids were digested using RNase and DNase treatment and the microvesicle inner nucleic acid cargo was analyzed with and without DNase digestion to examine both DNA and RNA sequences contained in microvesicles. Results revealed that a substantial proportion (∼87%) of reads aligned to ribosomal RNA. Of the non-ribosomal RNA sequences, ∼60% aligned to non-coding RNA and repeat sequences including LINE, SINE, satellite repeats, and RNA repeats (tRNA, snRNA, scRNA and srpRNA). The remaining ∼40% of non-ribosomal RNA reads aligned to protein coding genes and splice sites encompassing approximately 13,500 of the known 21,892 protein coding genes of the human genome. Analysis of protein coding genes specific to the renal and genitourinary tract revealed that complete segments of the renal nephron and collecting duct as well as genes indicative of the bladder and prostate could be identified. This study reveals that the entire genitourinary system may be mapped using microvesicle transcript analysis and that the majority of non-ribosomal RNA sequences contained in microvesicles is potentially functional non-coding RNA, which play an emerging role in cell regulation.
Ultrafast dynamics of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface pattern formation on metals (2005)

In this paper, we perform a comparison study of periodic structures on the surfaces of three different noble metals, Cu, Ag, and Au, following femtosecond laser radiation. Under identical experimental conditions, laser-induced surface patterns show distinctly different level of morphological clearness on the three different metals. Simple calculations based on metal melting fail to explain the pattern differences. We show that our observation result from the competition of two ultrafast processes, electron-phonon energy coupling and hot electron diffusion, following femtosecond laser heating of metals.
Real-time hyperspectral fluorescence imaging of pancreatic β-cell dynamics with the image mapping spectrometer (IMS) (2012)

The development of multi-colored fluorescent proteins, nanocrystals and organic fluorophores, along with the resulting engineered biosensors, has revolutionized the study of protein localization and dynamics in living cells. Hyperspectral imaging has proven to be a useful approach for such studies, but this technique is often limited by low signal and insufficient temporal resolution. Here, we present an implementation of a snapshot hyperspectral imaging device, the image mapping spectrometer (IMS), which acquires full spectral information simultaneously from each pixel in the field without scanning. The IMS is capable of real-time signal capture from multiple fluorophores with high collection efficiency (∼65%) and image acquisition rate (up to 7.2 fps). To demonstrate the capabilities of the IMS in cellular applications, we have combined fluorescent protein (FP)-FRET and [Ca(2+)](i) biosensors to measure simultaneously intracellular cAMP and [Ca(2+)](i) signaling in pancreatic β-cells. Additionally, we have compared quantitatively the IMS detection efficiency with a laser-scanning confocal microscope.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Peptide Synthesis on Resin (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microbial endocrinology: the interplay between the microbiota and the endocrine system (2015)

The new field of microbiome research studies the microbes within multicellular hosts and the many effects of these microbes on the host's health and well-being. We now know that microbes influence metabolism, immunity and even behavior. Essential questions, which are just starting to be answered, are what are the mechanisms by which these bacteria affect specific host characteristics. One important but understudied mechanism appears to involve hormones. Although the precise pathways of microbiota-hormonal signaling have not yet been deciphered, specific changes in hormone levels correlate with the presence of the gut microbiota. The microbiota produces and secretes hormones, responds to host hormones and regulates expression levels of host hormones. Here, we summarize the links between the endocrine system and the gut microbiota. We categorize these interactions by the different functions of the hormones, including those affecting behavior, sexual attraction, appetite and metabolism, gender and immunity. Future research in this area will reveal additional connections, and elucidate the pathways and consequences of bacterial interactions with the host endocrine system.