gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional proteomic profiling of AML predicts response and survival (2008)

Because protein function regulates the phenotypic characteristics of cancer, a functional proteomic classification system could provide important information for pathogenesis and prognosis. With the goal of ultimately developing a proteomic-based classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we assayed leukemia-enriched cells from 256 newly diagnosed AML patients, for 51 total and phosphoproteins from apoptosis, cell-cycle, and signal-transduction pathways, using reverse-phase protein arrays. Expression in matched blood and marrow samples were similar for 44 proteins; another 7 had small fold changes (8%-55%), suggesting that functional proteomics of leukemia-enriched cells in the marrow and periphery are similar. Protein expression patterns were independent of clinical characteristics. However, 24 proteins were significantly different between French-American-British subtypes, defining distinct signatures for each. Expression signatures for AML with cytogenetic abnormalities involving -5 or -7 were similar suggesting mechanistic commonalities. Distinct expression patterns for FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication were also identified. Principal component analysis defined 7 protein signature groups, with prognostic information distinct from cytogenetics that correlated with remission attainment, relapse, and overall survival. In conclusion, protein expression profiling patterns in AML correlate with known morphologic features, cytogenetics, and outcome. Confirmation in independent studies may also provide pathophysiologic insights facilitating triage of patients to emerging targeted therapies.
Enhanced fan-out WLP for high power device packaging (2012)

With the advancement of fan-out embedded wafer level packaging technology (eWLB), it is more and more promising compared with fan-in WLP, because it can offers great feasibility and flexibility for more I/Os, multi-chips, and system integration. But there are some restrictions in possible applications for Fan-In WLP or Fan-out WLP since global chip trends tend toward smaller chip areas with an increasing number of interconnects and better thermal performance. Fan-out wafer level packaging has been developed in the last past 5 years. Advantages of Fan-out WLP are included smaller footprint; thinner package thickness with thinning of molded wafer. For further smaller profile and smaller package size, QFN-like package format is studied and developed. eWLL(embedded wafer level LGA) is developed for further thinner profile and smaller form without solder ball. It can be significant advantage of low profile and miniaturized applications. However some challenge is foreseen with eWLL, includes thermal performance, eletromigration and reliability for high power application. This paper will focus on simulation study and test data correlation.
The LAAS Integrated Multipath Limiting Antenna (IMLA) (2002)

The significant portion of the reduction of multipath in
the LAAS ground system is accomplished by means of
the Integrated Multipath Limiting Antenna (IMLA).
Many years of analysis, design and development have
been applied to the creation of a dual beam IMLA which
provides the performance to meet the demanding
requirements of accuracy, availability and integrity for the
LAAS Ground Facility (LGF). Ground multipath
rejection on the order of 35 to 40 dB is achieved with the
IMLA throughout the entire satellite hemispherical
coverage volume. Flight testing of LAAS systems
utilizing the IMLA at both the FAA William J. Hughes
Technical Center and Ohio University has shown that the
IMLA rejects multipath to levels which have been
demonstrated to allow full compliance to the LGF
specifications.
DNA Copy Numbers Profiles in Affinity-Purified Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (2010)

This study provides the first high resolution, genome-wide view of DNA copy number alterations in ovarian CCC. The findings provide a genomic landscape for future studies aimed at elucidating the pathogenesis and developing new target-based therapies for CCCs.
Utero-Thermometry (1944)

MEASUREMENTS of the basal body temperature of the female have been made ever since the invention of the thermometer but recently the matter has assumed new importance in connection with the problem of ovulation and sterility (Rubenstein (1), Rubenstein and Lindsley (2), Zuck (3), Palmer and Devillers (4), Palmer (5), and Martin (6)). Hitherto rectal measurements have been utilized but it seemed desirable to investigate whether the uterus, with its immediate response to ovarian hormones, might not afford a better index. The uterine temperature of both the corpus and the cervix has therefore been recorded in 32 women exhibiting a normal menstrual cycle. A series of 24 women in the menopause and of 36 patients with secondary amenorrhea were also studied. To permit comparisons with the uterine temperatures, those of the vagina, rectum, mouth, and axilla were recorded in addition. A special thermometer1 was devised for taking the temperatures of the uterine cavity and the cervical canal (fig. 1).
The Role of Thyroid Hormone in Blood Pressure Homeostasis: Evidence from Short-Term Hypothyroidism in Humans (2002)

Arterial hypertension is known to be frequently associated with thyroid dysfunction, with a particularly high prevalence in chronic hypothyroidism. However, to our knowledge no comprehensive study addressed causal mechanisms possibly involved in this association. We here report the physiological relationships between blood pressure and neuro-humoral modifications induced by acute hypothyroidism in normotensive subjects. Twelve normotensive patients with previous total thyroidectomy were studied. Ambulatory 24-h blood pressure monitoring was performed, and free T(3), free T(4), TSH, PRA, aldosterone, cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline were assayed 6 wk after oral L-T(4) withdrawal (phase 1) and 2 months after resumption of treatment (phase 2). During the hypothyroid state (TSH, 68.1 +/- 27.7 muIU/ml; mean +/- SD), daytime arterial systolic levels slightly, but significantly, increased (125.5 +/- 9.7 vs. 120.4 +/- 10.8 mm Hg; P < 0.05), and daytime diastolic levels (84.6 +/- 7.9 vs. 76.4 +/- 6.8 mm Hg; P < 0.001), noradrenaline (2954 +/- 1578 vs. 1574 +/- 962 pmol/liter; P < 0.001), and adrenaline (228.4 +/- 160 vs. 111.3 +/- 46.1 pmol/ liter; P < 0.05) also increased. PRA remained unchanged (0.49 +/- 0.37 vs. 0.35 +/- 0.21 ng/ml.h; P = NS), whereas both aldosterone (310.3 +/- 151 vs. 156.9 +/- 67.5 pmol/liter; P < 0.005) and cortisol. (409.2 +/- 239 vs. 250.9 +/- 113 pmol/liter; P < 0.02) significantly increased. By using univariate logistic regression daytime arterial diastolic values, noradrenaline and aldosterone were found to be significantly related to the hypothyroid state (P < 0.02, P < 0.036, and P < 0.024, respectively). In conclusion, our data show that thyroid hormones participate in the control of systemic arterial blood pressure homeostasis in normotensive subjects. The observed sympathetic and adrenal activation in hypothyroidism, which is reversible with thyroid hormone treatment, may also contribute to the development of arterial hypertension in human hypothyroidism.
High efficiency operation for H-Bridge DC-DC converter (2011)

This paper presents two methods of switching operation for higher conversion efficiency and seamless control for wide range of the input voltage in a H-Bridge DC-DC Converter. This converter consists of buck and boost blocks and a feedforward control from the input voltage is employed for the boost block to realize seamless transition between step down and step up operation mode. From the view point of the conduction loss and the switching loss, two methods of the desirable duty ratio of the boost section and different switching frequencies are examined. As a result, higher efficiency was obtained by minimizing the duty ratio of the boost block for wide range of the input voltage and by decreasing the switching frequency of the buck block without increasing output ripple voltage.
Selective gene expression in hepatic tumor with trans-arterial delivery of DNA/liposome/transferrin complex. (2000)

Since hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently presented at an advanced stage, only a small portion of patients with HCC can be treated with local modalities. Gene therapy is, therefore, one of the more promising approaches for patients with advanced HCC. To develop a new strategy for targeting gene delivery to the hepatic tumor, the efficiency of the transarterial delivery of liposome-DNA complex was evaluated in VX2 carcinoma implanted into the liver of rabbits. A mixture of pSV-beta galactosidase plasmid (40 micrograms), lipofectin (80 microliters), and transferrin (852 micrograms), the optimal proportion of which determined in vitro, was infused via the hepatic artery of a rabbit with VX2 hepatic tumors. The efficiency of trans-arterial gene delivery was compared to that of intra-tumoral injection. Rabbits (5 in each group) were sacrificed 48 hours after gene delivery and hepatic tissues were examined using X-gal staining. beta-galactosidase staining was observed exclusively within the tumor following the trans-arterial gene transfer. In contrast, adjacent peritumoral cells in addition to hepatic tumor cells were transfected by the intra-tumoral injection of transgene. These data indicate that enhanced gene expression in hepatic tumors is possible using trans-arterial delivery of the liposome-DNA complex.
Supercritical methanol extraction and transesterification of jatropha curcas l. Seeds for the production of biodiesel - process parameters study (2011)

In this work, optimization of supercritical methanol extraction and transesterification for the production of biodiesel was investigated using Jatropha curcas L. seeds. Several important process parameters including heat pre-treatment (45 degreesC-105 degreesC for 12 and 24 hours), particle size (0.5 mm-2.0 mm) and temperature (200 degreesC-300 degreesC) were being studied by varying one factor at a time. The experiment was carried out in a high pressure batch reactor and supercritical methanol served both as the oil-extraction solvent as well as esterification/transesterification reagent which proceed simultaneously in the reactor. Co-solvent was required to accelerate the initial oil extraction phase and to improve the overall kinetic of the reaction. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) or biodiesel yield was calculated in relation to the total extracted oil obtained from n-hexane Soxhlet extraction for 24 hours. The highest efficiency for the process to obtain the highest biodiesel yield was at 108.5% with the following optimized conditions: 90 degreesC heat pre-treatment temperature for 12 hours, <=1.0 mm particle size, 300 degreesC temperature, 60 min reaction time, 10.0 ml/g solvent to solid ratio and 2.5 ml/g co-solvent to solid ratio. Optimization of the process was important to compare its process intensity with other biodiesel production methods to produce biodiesel. The results from this experimental work proved that the above catalyst-free biodiesel production method had high potential to be further investigated for commercialization.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Response Monitoring of Breast Cancer During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Relevance of Breast Cancer Subtype (2011)

MRI during NAC to monitor response is effective in triple-negative or HER2-positive disease but is inaccurate in ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer.
Finding Prominent Actors in Dynamic Affiliation Networks (2012)

Most networks contain embedded communities or groups that impact the overall gathering and dissemination of ideas and information. These groups consist of important or prominent individuals who actively participate in network activities over time. In this paper, we introduce a new method for identifying actors with prominent group memberships in time-varying affiliation networks. We define a prominent actor to be one who participates in the same group regularly (stable participation) and participates across different groups consistently (diverse participation), thereby having a position of structural influence in the network. Our proposed methods for quantifying stable and diverse participation takes into consideration the underlying semantics for group participation as well as the level of impact of an actor’s history on his or her current behavior. We illustrate the semantics of our measures on both synthetic and real-world data sets with varying temporal connectivity structures. We also illustrate their utility by demonstrating their complementary nature when compared to existing centrality measures. I
Signal integrity modeling and measurement of TSV in 3D IC (2013)

In order to guarantee signal integrity of a TSV-based channel in 3D IC design, the modeling and measurements are conducted for electrical characterization of the TSV-based channel including TSVs and RDLs with various performance metrics such as insertion loss, noise coupling and eye diagrams. Based on the modeling and measurements of the fabricated TSV channels, design guide for the signal integrity of the channel is proposed.
Characterization of transient puff emissions from the burning of carpet waste charges in a rotary kiln combustor (2005)

Transient puff emissions were characterized from burning carpet charges that were fed to a pilot-scale rotary kiln combustor to assess the potential impact on emissions of using post-consumer carpet as an alternative fuel in cement kilns. Carpet with polypropylene, nylon 6, and nylon 6,6 face fiber was cut in one to three inch square pieces and fed as 0.4 kg charges to a 73 kW natural gas fired rotary kiln simulator. Gas emissions monitored included O/sub 2/, CO/sub 2/, CO, NO, NO/sub X/, N/sub 2/O, NH/sub 3/, total hydrocarbons, and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The charges required about two minutes to burn, and the emission transient exhibited three phases. In the first phase lasting about 30 seconds, fuel-lean combustion of volatiles occurred. In the middle phase lasting about one minute, fuel-rich burning occurred and a CO spike was observed. In the final phase lasting about 30 seconds, fuel-lean burning occurred. For nylon carpets, the fuel-lean combustion periods were characterized by elevated NO emissions. Integrated over the duration of the transient, the NO emission corresponded to a one to two percent conversion of fuel-nitrogen (i.e. nitrogen in the nylon fiber) to NO. These tests demonstrate the feasibility of burning waste carpet as an alternative fuel, that rapid volatilization of batch fed carpet can lead to emission transients, and that NO emissions may result from the burning of nylon carpets.
Comparison of Protein Quantification in a Complex Background by DIA and TMT Workflows with Fixed Instrument Time (2019)

Label-free quantification (LFQ) and isobaric labeling quantification (ILQ) are among the most popular protein quantification workflows in discovery proteomics. Here, we compared the TMT SPS/MS3 10-plex workflow to a label free single shot data-independent acquisition (DIA) workflow on a controlled sample set. The sample set consisted of ten samples derived from 10 biological replicates of mouse cerebelli spiked with the UPS2 protein standard in five different concentrations. For a fair comparison, we matched the instrument time for the two workflows. The LC-MS data were acquired at two facilities to assess interlaboratory reproducibility. Both methods resulted in a high proteome coverage (>5000 proteins) with low missing values on protein level (<2%). The TMT workflow led to 15-20% more identified proteins and a slightly better quantitative precision, whereas the quantitative accuracy was better for the DIA method. The quantitative performance was benchmarked by the number of true positives (UPS2 proteins) within the top 100 candidates. TMT and DIA showed a similar performance. The quantitative performance of the DIA data stayed in a similar range when searching the spectra against a fasta database directly, instead of using a project-specific library. Our experiments also demonstrated that both workflows are readily transferrable between facilities.
Magnetic Phase Transition in Two-Dimensional Ultrathin Fe Films on Au(100) (1989)

Thin Fe films on Au(100)---including one monolayer---exhibit long-range ferromagnetic order. The temperature dependence of the magnetization, as measured with spin-polarized low-energy electron diffraction and spin-polarized secondary electron emission, shows a second-order phase transition at a thickness-dependent Curie temperature. The critical exponent $\ensuremath{\beta}$ for (1-3)-monolayer-thick films is 0.22\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05, independently of film thickness.
Single and dual glycoside clustering around calix[4]arene scaffolds via click thiol–ene coupling and azide–alkyne cycloaddition (2009)

We present the first synthesis of calix[4]arene-based S-glycoclusters via photoinduced multiple thiol-ene coupling of tetra- and octa-allyl calix[4]arenes with peracetylated glucosyl thiol (67-88% yields). Moreover we describe the dual clustering at the upper and lower rim of a calix[4]arene with two different sugars (galactose and glucose) via sequential copper(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition and photoinduced thiol-ene coupling.
Diterpenoids. XI. Acid catalyzed rearrangement of dehydroabietic acid derivatives. (1976)

Acid treatment in acetic anhydride of blocked cyclohexadienone derivatives (6a) and (6b) obtained from l-abietic acid (1) gave 14 and 16, respectively, through Wagner-Meer-wein rearrangement of the angular methyl group. On the other hand, under similar conditions, 6c and 6d were transformed into 18 and 20, respectively, as the result of an abnormal dienone phenol rearrangement, namely, aromatization of the B-ring with concomitant cleavage of C-C bond.
Torres of Torres Strait (1984)

We usually think of Captain Cook as the first European to explore the east coast of Australia. The strait between Cape York and Prince of Wales Island is named after his ship, the Endeavour. So why is the area between Australia and New Guinea known as the Torres Strait?
Factorial Modeling for Transient Solid Particle Velocity in a Fluidized Bed Combustor Cold Model (2005)

ABSTRACT Transient hydrodynamics phenomena in the fluidized bed combustor (FBC) freeboard have been critical in the past two decades. Within a 152 mm ID FBC cold model, solid particle transient velocities were measured and analyzed with the assistance of advanced laser-based particle image velocimetry (PIV) instrumentation. Two layers of swirling secondary air were injected into the cold model. The PIV system was applied to the FBC cold model to visualize transient solid particle velocity. A series of transient solid particle velocity profiles were generated for the factorial analysis. In each profile, the solid particle velocity vectors (Vx and Vy) for 10 × 10 grids were generated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant factors that affect transient solid particle velocities, time, and position coordinates. Then, the 1010 factorial design method was used to develop a specific empirical model of transient solid particle velocity in the FBC freeboard, which was in the shape of Vx = f1(t, x, y) and Vy = f2(t, x, y). This unique factorial analysis method proved to be a very effective and practical method to evaluate experimental conditions and analyze experimental results in the FBC systems.
538. The anodic behaviour of copper in neutral and alkaline chloride solutions (1953)

H. Lal and H. R. Thirsk, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 2638 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530002638
Some Things Change... (2010)

Reflection on how the issue of drugs in sport has had little movement over the last few decades.
Higher education in Botswana for 2010 (1992)

Engineering designers are accustomed to the idea that although it would often be better to start again from scratch than to keep on modifying and altering a system, the economic and practical pressures force one to continue to do so. Higher education is no exception, with the institutions growing and evolving with changing needs and responding to the different demands made on them by Government.
The Integrated Mode Management Interface (1996)

Mode management is the processes of understanding the character and consequences of autoflight modes, planning and selecting the engagement, disengagement and transitions between modes, and anticipating automatic mode transitions made by the autoflight system itself. The state of the art is represented by the latest designs produced by each of the major airframe manufacturers, the Boeing 747-400, the Boeing 777, the McDonnell Douglas MD-11, and the Airbus A320/A340 family of airplanes. In these airplanes autoflight modes are selected by manipulating switches on the control panel. The state of the autoflight system is displayed on the flight mode annunciators. The integrated mode management interface (IMMI) is a graphical interface to autoflight mode management systems for aircraft equipped with flight management computer systems (FMCS). The interface consists of a vertical mode manager and a lateral mode manager. Autoflight modes are depicted by icons on a graphical display. Mode selection is accomplished by touching (or mousing) the appropriate icon. The IMMI provides flight crews with an integrated interface to autoflight systems for aircraft equipped with flight management computer systems (FMCS). The current version is modeled on the Boeing glass-cockpit airplanes (747-400, 757/767). It runs on the SGI Indigo workstation. A working prototype of this graphics-based crew interface to the autoflight mode management tasks of glass cockpit airplanes has been installed in the Advanced Concepts Flight Simulator of the CSSRF of NASA Ames Research Center. This IMMI replaces the devices in FMCS equipped airplanes currently known as mode control panel (Boeing), flight guidance control panel (McDonnell Douglas), and flight control unit (Airbus). It also augments the functions of the flight mode annunciators. All glass cockpit airplanes are sufficiently similar that the IMMI could be tailored to the mode management system of any modern cockpit. The IMMI does not replace the functions of the FMCS control and display unit. The purpose of the INMI is to provide flight crews with a shared medium in which they can assess the state of the autoflight system, take control actions on it, reason about its behavior, and communicate with each other about its behavior. The design is intended to increase mode awareness and provide a better interface to autoflight mode management. This report describes the IMMI, the methods that were used in designing and developing it, and the theory underlying the design and development processes.
Acute Myocarditis: A Rare Complication after Black Widow Spider Bite (2017)

Black widow spider bite can be a rare condition causing various symptoms from mild to very dramatic ones. In this article, we describe the case of a young girl bitten by a black spider whose evaluation was complicated by fulminant myocarditis, fortunately with a good prognosis. Our case study brings light to the various effects that toxins released from the black widow spider can have on the body, especially on the heart. Myocarditis can be one such clinical complication caused due to the effect of the toxic agent on the heart muscle.