gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile phone based drunk driving detection (2010)

Drunk driving, or officially Driving Under the Influence (DUI) of alcohol, is a major cause of traffic accidents throughout the world. In this paper, we propose a highly efficient system aimed at early detection and alert of dangerous vehicle maneuvers typically related to drunk driving. The entire
Improving the image quality of spectral CT volume rendering (2009)

Spectral computed tomography (CT) is a new approach for medical diagnosis. Where traditional methods deliver a unique 3D volumetric dataset, spectral CT supplies multiple 3D volumetric datasets (energy bins). The novelty of this technique creates new opportunities and new challenges regarding visualization of the acquired data. In this paper we describe our approach and effort for providing high quality visualization of this new type of dataset. After a visual characterization of the data, we describe a set of image filtering algorithms we implemented and the results we obtained.
Intravasal injection of formed‐in‐place silicone rubber as a method of vas occlusion (1992)

This report describes the procedure for percutaneous injection of silicone to form plugs in the vas deferens. The injection of 0.1-0.16 ml Chinese-made silicone into 14 men achieved occlusion of a 1-cm length of the vas. Sperm concentrations declined within 1 month of the operation and azoospermia was achieved in all men by 9 months.
Decoupling algorithms from schedules for easy optimization of image processing pipelines (2012)

Using existing programming tools, writing high-performance image processing code requires sacrificing readability, portability, and modularity. We argue that this is a consequence of conflating what computations define the algorithm , with decisions about storage and the order of computation. We refer to these latter two concerns as the schedule , including choices of tiling, fusion, recomputation vs. storage, vectorization, and parallelism. We propose a representation for feed-forward imaging pipelines that separates the algorithm from its schedule, enabling high-performance without sacrificing code clarity. This decoupling simplifies the algorithm specification: images and intermediate buffers become functions over an infinite integer domain, with no explicit storage or boundary conditions. Imaging pipelines are compositions of functions. Programmers separately specify scheduling strategies for the various functions composing the algorithm, which allows them to efficiently explore different optimizations without changing the algorithmic code. We demonstrate the power of this representation by expressing a range of recent image processing applications in an embedded domain specific language called Halide, and compiling them for ARM, x86, and GPUs. Our compiler targets SIMD units, multiple cores, and complex memory hierarchies. We demonstrate that it can handle algorithms such as a camera raw pipeline, the bilateral grid, fast local Laplacian filtering, and image segmentation. The algorithms expressed in our language are both shorter and faster than state-of-the-art implementations.
Comparison of a yellow latex reagent with other agglutination methods for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus (1986)

A new commercial yellow latex agglutination reagent (Bacto-Staph) was compared with the slide and tube coagulase tests and three other commercial reagents for the identification of 283 Staphylococcus aureus and 54 non-S. aureus staphylococcal strains. Test sensitivities for the identification of S. aureus were as follows: tube coagulase, 99.6%; slide coagulase, 98.6%; Bacto-Staph, 99.6%; Staphylatex, 98.6%; Sero STAT Staph, 98.2%; and Staphyloslide, 97.5%. No false-positive reactions were observed with any of the commercial reagents.
The Great Diversity of Formosan Languages (2008)

Formosan languages are extremely diverse at all linguistic levels, from phonology to morphology to syntax. In fact, the Formosan languages are the most diverse within the entire Austronesian language family. This great linguistic diversity indicates a great time depth for an early settlement on the island, so as to make Taiwan the prime candidate for Austronesian homeland and the center of Austronesian dispersal. In this paper, we shall briefly survey the diversity of the Formosan languages, highlighting eight linguistic features: word order, focus systems, auxiliaries, numerals, personal pronouns, compounding, affixation, and phonology.
Screening, Isolation, and Identification of Food-originated Compounds Enhancing the Ice-nucleation Activity of<i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> (1994)

Some foods from plant sources, particularly of Moringeceae origin, contained compounds that enhanced bacterial ice-nucleation activity. A hot water extract from mustard seeds was so potent in its enhancing activity that the compounds responsible could be isolated from the seeds as yellow crystals. By instrumental analyses, this enhancer was identified as 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetic acid. The addition of a purified preparation of this compound at 0.1-1 ppm to the cultivation medium for Xanthomonas campestris was effective for enhancing its ice-nucleation activity.
By Order of the President: The Use and Abuse of Executive Direct Action (2002)

"By Order of the President: The Use and Abuse of Executive Direct Action." History: Reviews of New Books, 31(1), p. 7
A SIGNIFICANT RANGE EXTENSION OF THE PURPLE-NECKED ROCK- WALLABY PETROGALE PURPUREICOLLIS (2001)

Emotion regulation (ER) difficulties have been considered to play an important role in the development and maintenance of various mental disorders such as depression and anorexia nervosa. However, previous research has failed to provide detailed insight into the disorder-specificity of ER difficulties. Therefore, the present study investigated specific ER difficulties in female samples of patients with major depression, patients with anorexia nervosa, and healthy controls (total sample: N=140). As compared to healthy controls, both clinical groups reported greater ER difficulties concerning both the experience and the differentiation as well as the attenuation and the modulation of emotions. Patients in both clinical groups reported comparably elevated ER difficulties regarding the experience and differentiation of emotions. However, depressed patients reported stronger ER difficulties regarding the attenuation and modulation of emotions as compared to patients with anorexia nervosa. These findings support the notion of ER difficulties as transdiagnostic phenomena, and suggest that depression may be characterized by broader and greater ER difficulties than anorexia nervosa.
Selective Tumor Cell Targeting by the Disaccharide Moiety of Bleomycin (2013)

In a recent study, the well-documented tumor targeting properties of the antitumor agent bleomycin (BLM) were studied in cell culture using microbubbles that had been derivatized with multiple copies of BLM. It was shown that BLM selectively targeted MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells but not the "normal" breast cell line MCF-10A. Furthermore, it was found that the BLM analogue deglycobleomycin, which lacks the disaccharide moiety of BLM, did not target either cell line, indicating that the BLM disaccharide moiety is necessary for tumor selectivity. Not resolved in the earlier study were the issues of whether the BLM disaccharide moiety alone is sufficient for tumor cell targeting and the possible cellular uptake of the disaccharide. In the present study, we conjugated BLM, deglycoBLM, and BLM disaccharide to the cyanine dye Cy5**. It was found that the BLM and BLM disaccharide conjugates, but not the deglycoBLM conjugate, bound selectively to MCF-7 cells and were internalized. The same was also true for the prostate cancer cell line DU-145 (but not for normal PZ-HPV-7 prostate cells) and for the pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 (but not for normal SVR A221a pancreas cells). The targeting efficiency of the disaccharide was only slightly less than that of BLM in MCF-7 and DU-145 cells and comparable to that of BLM in BxPC-3 cells. These results establish that the BLM disaccharide is both necessary and sufficient for tumor cell targeting, a finding with obvious implications for the design of novel tumor imaging and therapeutic agents.
Optimal Computer Search Trees and Variable-Length Alphabetical Codes (1971)

An algorithm is given for constructing an alphabetic binary tree of minimum weighted path length (for short, an optimal alphabetic tree). The algorithm needs $4n^2 + 2n$ operations and $4n$ storage locations, where n is the number of terminal nodes in the tree. A given binary tree corresponds to a computer search procedure, where the given files or letters (represented by terminal nodes) are partitioned into two parts successively until a particular file or letter is finally identified. If the files or letters are listed alphabetically, such as a dictionary, then the binary tree must have, from left to right, the terminal nodes consecutively. Since different letters have different frequencies (weights) of occurring, an alphabetic tree of minimum weighted path length corresponds to a computer search tree with minimum-mean search time. A binary tree also represents a (variable-length) binary code. In an alphabetic binary code, the numerical binary order of the code words corresponds to the alphabetical order of the encoded letters. An optimal alphabetic tree corresponds to an optimal alphabetic binary code.
Fact and the Comprehensive Examination (1933)

SINCE the rise of interest in examinations in this country -the discussion question, the new-type objective forms, and more recently the comprehensive terminal examination-many have argued the importance of facts. According to one group of examiners, definite factual items-those items which are accepted as true-must be the solid basis of examining. These examiners usually advocate a wide sampling of definite short-answer items. Another group, influenced more or less by the experiences of the English universities of Oxford and Cambridge, have vaguely sought something less tangible than facts in their examining, an ability which they feel is more important. It is partly the selection and expression of relevant ideas, partly the original organization of ideas, and partly a keen appreciation of the historic-philosophical reference of any important problem. To the second group of examiners facts make up the skeleton, perhaps, but not the meat of scholarship. They do not motivate the thinker. They do not require consecutive reasoning on a broad problem. To be sure, such thinking cannot fail to use and yield but these are often by-products, supplementary to broad principles. What is a fact? Derived from the Latin factum, a fact stands for a deed or past event. It is true that there are facts which are ultimately final events bound up with definitions or identities (such as two and two equals four), but there are also facts, those items which are commonly accepted as fixed because they establish well-agreed-upon relationships within a system of postulates which is accepted. Medieval scholasticism had many identities and facts regarding the soul and God which could be derived provided one accepted the basic postulates and definitions. Some philosophers refer to orders of fact-ness, differentiating facts according to their verity or complexity or both. The idealists will allow absolute certainty for no as one's theory of knowledge or use of terms modifies the nature of the simplest perceptions; for example, some behaviorists do not grant the reality of consciousness. It may be that the most significant characteristic of a fact, or item
The Effects of Nasal Dilation on Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (1992)

The effects of nasal valve dilation on snoring and obstructed breathing were studied in 11 patients with habitual snoring and/or obstructive sleep apnea. The anterior part of the nose, the valve region, was dilated by means of a plastic device. Ten patients underwent polysomnographic investigation including pulse oximetry and measurement of snoring noise with and without the nasal dilator in a randomized manner. Snoring, nocturnal arousals, and daytime hypersomnolence were rated by the patient and partner on a questionnaire before and after a 10-day treatment period with the dilator. The nasal airflow, as assessed by rhinomanometry when awake in the sitting position, increased by 18% (range, 5.5% to 45%) when the nasal dilator was used. The frequency and severity of obstructed breathing decreased significantly with the nasal dilator. The apnea index with and without the nasal dilator was 6.4 (range, 1.3 to 15) and 18 (range, 1.8 to 60), respectively. The mean decrease of the apnea index was 47%. The overnight minimum arterial oxygen saturation (with and without the nasal dilator was 84% (range, 76% to 88%) and 78% (range, 68% to 89%), respectively. There was a substantial decrease in snoring noise (number of epochs with Leq values, equal energy level, above 55 or 60 dB) with the dilator in all patients who presented with snoring noise above these levels during the control night. No subjective effects on arousal frequency or daytime hypersomnolence were reported. Four of 11 patients were positive to continue using the nasal dilator.
Non-uniform optical transfer functions in particle imaging: calibration and application to tomographic reconstruction (2012)

A new approach to the weighting function, which describes particle imaging in tomographic reconstruction, is introduced. Instead of assuming a spatially homogeneous mapping function of voxels to the images, a variable optical transfer function (OTF) is applied. By this method, the negative effects of optical distortions on the reconstruction can be reduced considerably. The effects of these improvements in reconstruction quality on the methods of Tomographic Particle Imaging Velocimetry (TOMO-PIV), as well as 3D-Particle-Tracking are investigated. A method to calibrate the OTF to experimental circumstances is proposed as an additional step to the volume self calibration. It is shown that this kind of calibration is able to capture the predominant particle imaging both for simulated as well as experimental data. The most common distortions of particle imaging are blurring due to a small depth of field and astigmatisms due to imaging optics. The effect of both of these distortions on reconstruction and correlation quality is investigated via simulated data. In both cases, a strong influence on relevant parameters can be seen. Reconstructions using a spatially varying OTF, calibrated to the imaging conditions, show a significant improvement in reconstruction quality and the accuracy of the particle peak position, as well as in the accuracy of the gained displacement vector field when using two timesteps. Evaluation of experimental data by PTV-methods shows a reduction in ghost particle intensity and improvements in peak position accuracy.
A high speed and high resolution VLSI Winner-take-all circuit for neural networks and fuzzy systems (2009)

The design and simulation of a novel CMOS voltage mode WTA (Winner-take-all) circuit is described. The circuit employs additional inhibitory and local excitatory feedback based on a common voltage computation and this improves both speed and precision drastically. As a result, a single stage cell provides better resolution in comparison to previous works where cascading of multiple stages is necessary to improve resolution. This makes the circuit suitable for systems where silicon area and power consumption are constraints. Moreover, the feedback arrangement ensures a single winner. Simulations in Cadence show that a single cell can resolve voltage differences as small as 0.5 mV in around 30ns with 1 pF load capacitance. Detailed simulation results along with appropriate mathematical relations have been provided. This circuit is a fundamental building block in the competitive layer of self organizing neural networks, non linear filters, fuzzy and neuromorphic systems.
Isolation and Characterization of Yeasts Able to Assimilate Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate and Produce Xylitol Associated with<i> Veturius transversus</i> (Passalidae, Coleoptera, and Insecta) (2017)

Yeasts are an important component of insect gut microbial content, playing roles such as degradation of polymers and toxic compounds, biological control, and hormone, vitamin, and digestive enzyme production. The xylophagous beetle gut is a hyperdiverse habitat and a potential source of new species with industrial abilities such as enzyme production, pentose fermentation, and biodetoxification. In this work, samples of <i>Veturius transversus</i> (Passalidae, Coleoptera, and Insecta) were collected from the Central Amazon Rainforest. Their guts were dissected and a total of 20 microbial colonies were isolated using sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate. They were identified as having 10 distinct biochemical profiles, and genetic analysis allowed identification as three clades in the genera <i>Candida</i>, <i>Williopsis,</i> and <i>Geotrichum</i>. All colonies were able to assimilate D-xylose and 18 were able to produce xylitol, especially a strain of <i>Geotrichum</i>, with a maximum yield of 0.502 g·g<sup>-1</sup>. These results agree with a previous prediction that the microbial community associated with xylophagous insects is a promising source of species of biotechnological interest.
Robust computational methods for shape interrogation (1993)

Robustness and accuracy are two of the most fundamental outstanding problems in computational geometry and geometric modeling, despite significant advances of these fields in the last three decades. Since curves and surfaces are typically represented by parametric piecewise polynomial equations, the governing equations for geometric processing and shape interrogation in general reduce to solving systems of nonlinear polynomial equations or irrational equations involving nonlinear polynomials and square roots of polynomials. The square root arises for example from the normalization of the normal vector and from the analytical expressions of curvatures. This thesis addresses the development of a new robust and accurate computational method to compute all real roots of such systems within a finite box. A key component of our method is the reduction of the problem involving irrational equations into solution of systems of nonlinear polynomial equations of higher dimensionality through the introduction of auxiliary variables. A fundamental component of our method for solving general non-linear polynomial equation systems is rounded interval arithmetic in the context of Bernstein subdivision. Rounded interval arithmetic leads to numerical robustness and provides results with numerical certainty and verifiability. Several computational geometry applications of the new nonlinear solver are studied to evaluate the method in a realistic context. These applications include continuous decomposition of parametric polynomial surface patches into a set of trimmed patches each with a specified range of curvature (Gaussian, mean, maximum principal, minimum principal and root mean square curvature). Such surface decomposition has applications in sculptured surface fairing for design, tessellation for analysis, and manufacture. Another application includes the computation of self-intersections of offset curves or of intersections of two offsets of two curves. Such algorithm can be applied to design specification, feature recognition through construction of skeletons of geometric models, and manufacture. Finally, the nonlinear solver is used in computing all umbilics of parametric polynomial surface patches for application in surface recognition and tessellation. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
What pushes their buttons? Predicting comment polarity from the content of political blog posts (2018)

Political blogs as a form of social media allow for an uniquely interactive form of political discourse. This is especially evident in focused blogs with a strong ideological identity. We investigate techniques to identify topics within the context of the community, which when discussed in a blog post evoke a discernible positive or negative collective opinion from readers who respond to posts in comments. This is done by using computational methods to assign sentiment polarity to blog comments and learning community specific models that summarize issues tackled by blogs and predict the polarity based on the topics discussed in a blog pos
Cross-correlation techniques for signal recovery in thermal wave imaging (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCross-correlation techniques for signal recovery in thermal wave imagingGordon F. Kirkbright and Richard M. MillerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 3, 502–506Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00254a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00254a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views261Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Charging ahead (2008)

With the constant performance improvement and cost reduction of power electronics and motor drives, more efficient vehicles such as electric, hybrid electric, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are becoming a reality. The commonality between all advanced vehicles is the presence of electric propulsion powered by an electric storage system. As a result, the development of adequate energy storage systems is now more important than ever. High energy density, modularity, and affordability have made batteries the technology of choice for vehicular applications. In recent years, battery technology has made great strides in improving the energy and power density. Still, a tradeoff between power and energy must be made to best meet space and weight constraints. In this article, we shed some light on this tradeoff. We also look at how batteries can be represented with equivalent circuits. Finally, we go into some detail on battery management requirements that ensure that the batteries perform as expected.
Low power IC design for energy harvesting wireless biosensors (2009)

Advances in energy harvesting, low-power radios, and biometric sensing have enabled new applications in medical and scientific monitoring. In medicine, unobtrusive biosensors promise to wirelessly relay critical patient information including temperature, heart rate, or blood pressure. This paper describes key technologies needed to integrate complex, wirelessly-powered health monitors.