gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of a multidisciplinary paediatric allergy clinic on parental knowledge and rate of subsequent allergic reactions (2004)

A single visit to a multidisciplinary allergy clinic considerably improves families' abilities to manage allergic reactions to foods with an accompanying reduction in allergic reactions. Young children with egg, milk or multiple food allergies were at greatest risk of further reactions.
GEMNET: a generalized, shuffle-exchange-based, regular, scalable, modular, multihop, WDM lightwave network (1995)

GEMNET is a generalization of shuffle-exchange networks and it can represent a family of network structures (including ShuffleNet and de Bruijn graph) for an arbitrary number of nodes. GEMNET employs a regular interconnection graph with highly desirable properties such as small nodal degree, simple routing, small diameter, and growth capability (viz. scalability). GEMNET can serve as a logical (virtual), packet-switched, multihop topology which can be employed for constructing the next generation of lightwave networks using wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). Various properties of GEMNET are studied.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Generalized adaptive calibration schemes for precision RF vector network analyzer measurements (2003)

This paper discusses RF calibration schemes for one-port vector network analyzers other than the traditional short-open-load (SOL) scheme. Before use, the impedance standards are characterized by fitting polynomials to measured voltage reflection coefficient values. Simulated uncertainty profiles and example uncertainties of measurement are presented for various calibration schemes. Examples of non-SOL schemes and a method of adaptively choosing the best calibration scheme for a particular device under test at a particular frequency are also presented.
Study on Alignment Capability and Overlay Performance in 130nm BEOL Lithography Process (2006)

As the device becomes smaller, overlay accuracy requirement is more critical. The wafer alignment is one of the important elements that impact overlay accuracy. In this paper, an evaluation of alignment performance was performed using various alignment marks placed in the scribe-line of short-loop wafers used for SilTerra 130nm process. The alignment capability and overlay performance were studied for Trench 1 aligns to Contact and Via1 aligns to Trench 1, which follows layer-to-layer alignment scheme. A Design of Experiment was conducted with splits in interlayer dielectric (ILD) thickness, tungsten and copper CMP polishing time, in order to evaluate the process sensitivity of multiple alignment marks. Two different types of alignment marks were evaluated. There are Scribe-line Primary Marks (SPM) and Versatile Scribe-line Primary Mark (VSPM). To implement this experiment, exposures were performed using a scanner with various marks and recipes. Then, overlay measurement was conducted on an off-line overlay metrology tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the alignment performance. Data taken by scanner and off-line overlay metrology tool were analysed. The comparison was done between different mark types in an attempt to find out the robust alignment strategy (mark type/color/order) covering all process variation. The results show that, all alignment marks demonstrate low sensitivity to process variation where as there are no wafers were rejected due to alignment error. Besides that, the number of gratings in mark's subdivision for SPM and VSPM affect the signal strength.
Micro fluorescence in situ hybridization (μFISH) for spatially multiplexed analysis of a cell monolayer (2016)

We here present a micrometer-scale implementation of fluorescence in situ hybridization that we term μFISH. This μFISH implementation makes use of a non-contact scanning probe technology, namely, a microfluidic probe (MFP) that hydrodynamically shapes nanoliter volumes of liquid on a surface with micrometer resolution. By confining FISH probes at the tip of this microfabricated scanning probe, we locally exposed approximately 1000 selected MCF-7 cells of a monolayer to perform incubation of probes - the rate-limiting step in conventional FISH. This method is compatible with the standard workflow of conventional FISH, allows re-budgeting of the sample for various tests, and results in a ~ 15-fold reduction in probe consumption. The continuous flow of probes and shaping liquid on these selected cells resulted in a 120-fold reduction of the hybridization time compared with the standard protocol (3 min vs. 6 h) and efficient rinsing, thereby shortening the total FISH assay time for centromeric probes. We further demonstrated spatially multiplexed μFISH, enabling the use of spectrally equivalent probes for detailed and real-time analysis of a cell monolayer, which paves the way towards rapid and automated multiplexed FISH on standard cytological supports.
Pattern Matching and Discourse Processing in Information Extraction from Japanese Text (1994)

Information extraction is the task of automaticallypicking up information of interest from an unconstrained text. Informationof interest is usually extracted in two steps. First, sentence level processing locates relevant pieces of information scatteredthroughout the text; second, discourse processing merges coreferential information to generate the output. In the first step, pieces of information are locally identified without recognizing any relationships among them. A key word search or simple patternsearch can achieve this purpose. The second step requires deeperknowledge in order to understand relationships among separately identified pieces of information. Previous information extraction systems focused on the first step, partly because they were not required to link up each piece of information with other pieces. To link the extracted pieces of information and map them onto a structuredoutput format, complex discourse processing is essential. This paperreports on a Japanese information extraction system that merges information using a pattern matcher and discourse processor. Evaluationresults show a high level of system performance which approaches human performance.
Final Commentary for <i>CJA</i> Supplemental Issue: The Hidden Costs of Care (2008)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Low-memory-usage image coding with line-based wavelet transform (2011)

When compared to the traditional row-column wavelet transform, the line-based wavelet transform can achieve significant memory savings. However, the design of an image codec using the line-based wavelet transform is an intricate task because of the irregular order in which the wavelet coefficients are generated. The independent block coding feature of JPEG2000 makes it work effectively with the line-based wavelet transform. However, with wavelet tree-based image codecs, such as set partitioning in hierarchical trees, the memory usage of the codecs does not realize significant advantage with the line-based wavelet transform because many wavelet coefficients must be buffered before the coding starts. In this paper, the line-based wavelet transform was utilized to facilitate backward coding of wavelet trees (BCWT). Although the BCWT algorithm is a wavelet tree-based algorithm, its coding order differs from that of the traditional wavelet tree-based algorithms, which allows the proposed line-based image codec to become more memory efficient than other line-based image codecs, including line-based JPEG2000, while still offering comparable rate distortion performance and much lower system complexity.
An Analysis of Low Complexity Algorithms for MIMO Antenna Selection (2006)

In this paper we consider transmit and receive selection methods designed to achieve high channel capacities in a single-user MIMO link. A variety of radio channels are considered, including i.i.d. Rayleigh, correlated Rayleigh and Ricean fading environments. Also considered is the presence of imperfect channel state information (CSI) and a simplified waterfilling scheme. In all cases, we evaluate the performance of optimal selection, simple norm based selection and other benchmark selection techniques. The major contribution is a general approach to analyzing the capacity of the selection schemes via a simple power scaling factor. We are able to assess the impact of different channels, imperfect CSI and power allocation using this power scaling factor. Furthermore, the analysis is valid for all scenarios: transmit selection, receive selection and joint transmit-receive selection. Results are shown which compare the capacity performance over a wide range of cases. A notable conclusion is that optimal selection, which is computationally intensive, is outperformed at low SNR by the simple, norm based approach with power allocation.
Comparison of Continuous versus Intermittent Infusion of Indomethacin in PDA of Preterm Infants (1998)

Purpose : Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) of prematurity is very important disease to study because it causes many cases of perinatal morbidity and its incidence is now increasing. Nowadays indomethacin is the drug of choice for PDA closure, but its use has been limited due to its side effects. Therefore, we compared the effect and side effects of indomethacin according to the infusion method, continuous versus intermittent infusion, to find better an administration method. Methods : Twenty-five preterm infants who were admitted to Seoul National University Children's Hospital(SNUCH) NICU from March 1995 to August 1996 with a diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) and PDA, were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to intertmittent IV group or continuous IV group. Each group received three intermittent doses or continuous infusion over 36 hours, respectively. We analyzed the perinatal history, time of diagnosis and treatment of PDA, size of PDA, and compared the laboratory parameters, intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH), periventricular echogenecity(PVE), ductal closure and perinatal morbidity before and 48 hours after indomethacin administration between the two groups. Results : Fourteen infants(birth weight 1,149±373g) were intermittent IV group and eleven infants (birth weight 1,212±504g) were continuous IV group. There were no significant difference between the groups in perinatal history, pretreatment laboratory parameters, ductal closure, and perinatal morbidity. Patients with IVH of grade 2 or more increased significantly in intermittent IV group (50%) compared to continuous IV group(9%), and PVE progressed significantly in intermittent IV group(64%) compared to continuous IV group(18%). Conclusion : Continuous infusion of indomethacin for PDA closure in preterm infants with RDS appears to be as effective as intermittent infusion of indomethacin in closing PDA and have less side effects such as IVH and PVE progress. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 1998;41:464-470)
Limitation of transpiration by hydraulic conductance and xylem cavitation in <i>Betula occidentalis</i> (1993)

ABSTRACT The extent to which stomatal conductance ( g s ) was capable of responding to reduced hydraulic conductance ( k )and preventing cavitation‐inducing xylem pressures was evaluated in the small riparian tree, Betula occidentalis Hook. We decreased k by inducing xylem cavitation in shoots using an air‐injection technique. From 1 to 18 d after shoot injection we measured midday transpiration rate (E), g s , and xylem pressure (Ψ p‐xylem ) on individual leaves of the crown. We then harvested the shoot and made direct measurements of k from the trunk (2–3 cm diameter) to the distal tip of the petioles of the same leaves measured for E and g s . The k measurement was expressed per unit leaf area ( k l , leaf‐specific conductance). Leaves measured within 2 d of shoot injection showed reduced g s and E relative to non‐injected controls, and both parameters were strongly correlated with k l At this time, there was no difference in leaf Ψ p‐xylem between injected shoots and controls, and leaf Ψ p‐xylem was not significantly different from the highest cavitation‐inducing pressure (Ψ p‐cav ) in the branch xylem (‐1.43 ± 0.029 MPa, n=8). Leaves measured 7–18 d after shoots were injected exhibited a partial return of g s and E values to the control range. This was associated with a decrease in leaf Ψ p‐xylem below Ψ p‐cav and loss of foliage. The results suggest the stomata were incapable of long‐term regulation of E below control values and that reversion to higher E caused dieback via cavitation.
Novelty detection in video surveillance using hierarchical neural networks (2002)

Abstract. A hierarchical self-organising neural network is described for the detection of unusual pedestrian behaviour in video-based surveillance systems. The system is trained on a normal data set, with no prior information about the\nscene under surveillance, thereby requiring minimal user input. Nodes use a trace activation rule and feedforward connections, modified so that higher layer nodes are sensitive to trajectory segments traced across the previous layer. Top layer nodes have binary lateral connections and corresponding “novelty accumulator” nodes. Lateral connections are set between co-occurring nodes, generating a signal to prevent accumulation of the novelty measure along normal sequences. In abnormal sequences the novelty accumulator nodes are allowed to increase their activity, generating an alarm state.
Engineered cross‐reacting nanobodies simplify comparative oncology between humans and dogs (2017)

Antibodies cross-reacting with homologue antigens in different species would be essential reagents for the development of comparative oncology studies. In comparison with conventional immunoglobulin Gs, recombinant nanobodies (single-domain variable regions of heavy-chain only antibodies of Camelidae origin) can be easily isolated in vitro and engineered into a variety of reagents with optimized characteristics for different research and clinical applications. We recovered an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (anti-HER2) nanobody from a naïve llama library by direct panning on whole cells and expressed it fused to Fc and green fluorescent protein. These immunoreagents were assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence with both human and canine cells overexpressing HER2 and its canine homologue dog epidermal growth factor receptor 2. The reported data illustrate the potential of using this class of antibodies in comparative oncology and suggest some development perspectives enabled by in vitro panning of pre-immune nanobody libraries.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution on (o-methoxyaryl)oxazolines. A convenient synthesis of o-alkyl-, o-alkenyl-, and o-arylbenzoic acids (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic aromatic substitution on (o-methoxyaryl)oxazolines. A convenient synthesis of o-alkyl-, o-alkenyl-, and o-arylbenzoic acidsA. I. Meyers, Richard Gabel, and Edward D. MihelichCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 7, 1372–1379Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00401a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00401a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1438Altmetric-Citations120LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blood-Feeding Behavior of <i>Aedes albopictus</i> , a Vector of Chikungunya on La Réunion (2009)

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has long been considered to be transmitted to humans by the human-biting mosquito Aedes aegypti, especially in Africa. However, the recent outbreak of CHIKV involved another vector, Aedes albopictus, and serological data in the literature suggest that several species of domestic or human-related vertebrates can be contaminated by this virus. However, the role of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes as potential enzootic vectors for CHIKV has not yet been evaluated. Here we investigate Ae. albopictus feeding and resting behaviors in an area where a CHIKV epidemic recently occurred, which means deciphering host-seeking and feeding behaviors on several vertebrate species, measuring endophagous/exophagous (activity), endophilic/exophilic (resting) behaviors and its diel (24 h, day/night) biting activity. Ae. albopictus was found to have bimodal daily feeding activities and was found to have exophagic (89%) and exophilic (87%) behaviors. Ae. albopictus showed an opportunistic feeding behavior on a wide range of hosts (from cold-blooded to warm-blooded animals), supporting that it can be implicated in various vertebrate-virus pathosystems. However, with equal availability of one of the four vertebrate hosts (calf, chicken, dog, and goat) proposed against human, Ae. albopictus significantly preferred human, supporting earlier data about its high degree of anthropophily. Multiple blood feeding was also reported in every combination (animal/human) offered to Ae. albopictus, enlightening the higher risks to spread an arbovirus to human population because of interrupted feeding. Such catholic behavior suggests that Ae. albopictus may act as a bridge vector for zoonotic viruses. Further epidemiological implications of this issue are discussed.
[Study on the effect of continuous administration of IL-1ra in BXSB mice]. (1997)

IL-1 might play a pathogenic role in BXSB mice. Blocking or reducing IL-1 secretion would be of beneficial to the treatment of SLE.
Convenient Approach to 3,4-Diarylisoxazoles Based on the Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction (2002)

The Suzuki cross-coupling reaction was found effective for rapid access to a series of 3,4-diarylisoxazoles of pharmacological interest. The efficiency of this approach was demonstrated by the synthesis of the highly potent COX-2-selective inhibitor, 4-(5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl)benzenesulfonamide (valdecoxib), and its analogues. Thus, the coupling reaction between (3-aryl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)boronic acids, prepared in situ from the corresponding bromides using triisopropyl borate, and aryl bromides containing a 4-sulfonamide or 4-methylsulfonyl group under the standard conditions [Pd(PPh3)4, Na2CO3, EtOH-H2O, reflux] yielded the target 3,4-diarylisoxazoles in good yields.
Evidence for a functional role of endogenously produced somatomedinlike peptides in the regulation of DNA synthesis in cultured human fibroblasts and porcine smooth muscle cells. (1985)

Cultured porcine aortic smooth muscle cells and human fibroblasts produce somatomedinlike peptides and secrete them into the surrounding microenvironment. This production has been linked to their ability to replicate. The objective of this study was to determine if a specific anti-somatomedin-C (Sm-C) monoclonal antibody that binds the somatomedinlike peptides could inhibit replication by porcine aortic smooth muscle cells and human fibroblasts. To determine if the antibody could inhibit the effect of endogenously produced somatomedinlike peptide, increasing concentrations of antibody were co-incubated with platelet-derived growth factor, a known stimulant of somatomedinlike peptide secretion, and Sm-C-deficient platelet-poor plasma. Addition of the antibody reduced fibroblast [3H]thymidine incorporation from 35,100 +/- 500 to 10,600 +/- 700 cpm (P less than 0.001), and in smooth muscle cells from 29,600 +/- 1,800 to 10,800 +/- 1,100 cpm (P less than 0.001). Co-incubation of exogenously added Sm-C (20 ng/ml) with maximally inhibitory dilutions of antibody increased [3H]thymidine incorporation in fibroblasts from 7,800 +/- 1,000 to 18,900 +/- 800 cpm (P less than 0.01), and in smooth muscle cells from 9,800 +/- 1,200 to 17,200 +/- 1,100 cpm (P less than 0.01). Insulin, which can substitute for Sm-C as a mitogen and does not bind to the antibody, stimulated DNA synthesis when co-incubated with the antibody, thereby excluding the possibility of nonspecific cytotoxicity. These results strengthen the hypothesis that the rate of DNA synthesis of these two cell types in vitro is directly linked to their capacity to produce somatomedinlike peptides. They further support the cellular production of somatomedinlike peptides as examples of the autocrine model of growth regulation.
Microcontact printing of proteins for neuronal cell guidance (2007)

The growth of neurons into networks of controlled geometry is of great interest in the field of cell-based biosensors, neuroelectronic circuits, neurological implants, pharmaceutical testing as well as fundamental biological questions about neuronal interactions. The precise control of the network architecture can be achieved by defined engineering of the surface material properties: this process is called neuronal cell patterning. Different techniques can be used to produce such surface patterns. We have chosen microcontact printing (μCP), because it is a comparatively simple and universal method for patterning biomolecules.
Characterizing Brain White Matter with Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance (2014)

It has been known for almost two decades that the water proton NMR signal of diffusing water molecules in brain white matter undergoes a non-monoexponential decay with increasing diffusion gradient factor b. With the help of numerical simulations and analytical expressions, much effort has been directed to describing the signal decay and to extracting relevant biophysical features of the system under investigation. However, the physical basis of such nonmonoexponential behavior is still not properly understood. The primary difficulty in characterizing this phenomenon is the variation in behavior in the different directions of diffusion measurement. A combined framework that accounts for the diffusion process in all directions requires several parameters. Addition of many such parameters renders a model to be unwieldy and over-complicated, but over-simplifications can be shown to miss crucially relevant information in the data. In this thesis, I have attempted to handle this problem with simple measurements that span a wide range of parameter space. Compared to often-performed measurements that probe diffusion over a time-scale of 50-100 ms with relatively low diffusion weighting, the measurements here have been done for very short diffusion times of 2 ms and also very long diffusion times up to 2 s. The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients has also been extensively probed. To avoid problems related to gross tissue heterogeneity, diffusion-weighted MR imaging in vivo was performed with ultra-high resolution. These simple measurements allowed sequential assessment of many possible arguments that could have led to such non-monoexponential decay curves. Finally, it was concluded that the water in the glial processes was the major contributor to the non-exponential decay, giving rise to a \''slow\'' component both along the axonal fibers and transverse to them.