gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discrete-time feedforward/feedback control of multivariable nonlinear processes (2005)

Discrete-time feedforward/feedback control laws are derived for general multivariable nonlinear processes, whose delay-free parts are minimum-phase. The derived control laws can (a) reject the effect of measurable disturbances as effectively as possible, (b) reject the effect of unmeasurable disturbances asymptotically, (c) induce desirable closed-loop dynamics, and (d) track setpoint step changes without offset. The derived control laws are interpreted from the point of view of model predictive control.
Fibroblastic interactions with high‐porosity Ti‐6Al‐4V metal foam (2007)

A novel metallic Ti-6Al-4V foam in development at the National Research Council of Canada was investigated for its ability to foster cell attachment and growth using a fibroblast cell culture model. The foam was manufactured via a powder metallurgical process that could produce interconnected porosity greater than 70%. Cell attachment was assessed after 6 and 24 h, while proliferation was examined after 3 and 7 days. Ingrown fibroblasts displayed a number of different morphologies; some fibroblasts were spread thinly in close apposition with the irregular surface, or more often had several anchorage points and extended in three dimensions as they spanned pore space. It was also demonstrated that fibroblasts were actively migrating through the porous scaffold over a 14-day period. In a 60-day extended culture, fibroblasts were bridging and filling macropores and had extensively infiltrated the foams. Overall, it was established that this foam was supportive of cell attachment and proliferation, migration through the porous network, and that it was capable of sustaining a large cell population.
Estimation of Ground Stiffness, Ground Viscosity and Captured Ground Mass Using Vibrator Field Measurements (2008)

Near-surface velocity measurements are very valuable for making static corrections in data processing to improve the quality of subsurface images in land seismic surveys. Ali et al (2003) show that the near-surface velocity can be estimated by using ground elastic properties produced from modern vibrator control systems. Direct measurements via uphole surveys can be cost prohibitive. The modern seismic vibrator driven by the feedback control system produces a force to the ground as it vibrates. As the vibrator pushes against the ground, it gets a counter force from the ground. The motion of the ground responding to the applied force is detected through the movements of the baseplate. The dynamic of the vibrator normally is described by the accelerations of the reaction mass and the baseplate, which can be used to estimate underlying ground properties. Accurate estimates for ground properties can only be achieved when key elements are in place including a valid reaction mass-baseplate-ground model and a properly implemented good estimation algorithm. This paper describes a useful method for estimation of ground properties using the reaction mass and baseplate accelerations as a vibrator shakes.
Characterization and Ignition of ADN-Based Liquid Monopropellants (2005)

Monopropellant propulsion systems for space applications have relied almost exclusively on hydrazine. Hydrazine is however highly toxic, volatile and carcinogenic, and thus costly safety measures are required. In the last few years there has been considerable interest in Europe and in the USA in finding a possible substitute, since a non-toxic monopropellant would offer substantial cost savings. ADN-based liquid monopropellants seem to be a promising alternative to hydrazine, being substantially easier to handle and having a 10% higher specific impulse, and up to 60% higher density-impulse, than hydrazine. To be able to replace hydrazine, ADN-based monopropellants must be as easy to ignite. Hydrazine and ADN-based liquid propellants are very different, and thus new ignition methods must be developed. This paper presents the results from a characterization of ADN-based liquid propellants, as well as the results from electrical ignition experiments in which the propellant was resistively heated to its ignition temperature. It was found that substantially less electric energy was needed than expected. This is due to local phenomena close to, or on the surface of, the electrodes. Very fast ignition was obtained, in most cases below 2 ms.
High continuous wave output power InGaAs/InGaAsP/InGaP diode lasers: Effect of substrate misorientation (1995)

3 W cw output power has been obtained from aluminum-free, strained-layer double-quantum well (DQW) InGaAs/InGaAsP/InGaP uncoated, 100-μm-wide stripe diode lasers (λ=0.945 μm) grown by low-pressure MOCVD on exact (100) GaAs substrates. The combination of high-band-gap (1.62 eV) InGaAsP confinement layers and the DQW structure provides relatively weak temperature dependence for both the threshold current Ith as well as the external differential quantum efficiency ηd. Furthermore, the series electrical resistance for 100 μm×600 μm stripe-contact devices is as low as 0.12 Ω. As a result, the power conversion efficiency reaches a maximum of 40% at 8×Ith, and decreases to only 33% at the maximum power (i.e., 3 W) at 28×Ith. Low-temperature (12 K) photoluminescence measurements of InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum-well structures exhibit narrow linewidths (&lt;10 meV) for material grown on exact (100) GaAs substrates, while growths on misoriented substrates exhibit linewidth broadening, as a result of ‘‘step bunching.’’ Laser structures grown on misoriented substrates exhibit increased temperature sensitivity of both Ith and ηd, compared with structures grown on exact (100) substrates.
Effects of Mechanical Barriers on Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Lettuce (1991)

Journal Article Effects of Mechanical Barriers on Distribution of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Lettuce Get access L. S. Yudin, L. S. Yudin 1 Department of Entomology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 1Current address: College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. E. Tabahnik, B. E. Tabahnik Department of Entomology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. C. Mitchell, W. C. Mitchell Department of Entomology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. J. Cho J. J. Cho Department of Entomology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 84, Issue 1, 1 February 1991, Pages 136–139, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/84.1.136 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Received: 26 September 1989 Accepted: 14 August 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
Development of a sensitive trial-ready poly(GP) CSF biomarker assay for <i>C9orf72</i> -associated frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2022)

We show the assay to be highly sensitive and robust, passing extensive qualification criteria including low intraplate and interplate variability, a high precision and accuracy in measuring both calibrators and samples, dilutional parallelism, tolerance to sample and standard freeze-thaw and no haemoglobin interference. We used this assay to measure poly(GP) in CSF samples collected through the Genetic FTD Initiative (N=40 <i>C9orf72</i> and 15 controls). We found it had 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity and a large window for detecting target engagement, as the <i>C9orf72</i> CSF sample with the lowest poly(GP) signal had eightfold higher signal than controls and on average values from <i>C9orf72</i> samples were 38-fold higher than controls, which all fell below the lower limit of quantification of the assay. These data indicate that a Simoa-based poly(GP) DPR assay is suitable for use in clinical trials to determine target engagement of therapeutics aimed at reducing <i>C9orf72</i> repeat-containing transcripts.
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Outcomes in Patients With Bladder Cancer and Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (2011)

These data suggest that intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin is safe in patients who have asymptomatic bacteriuria and the 2-year disease-free intervals are similar to those of uninfected patients. Such strategy facilitates the timely administration of bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy and avoids the overuse of antibiotics.
Mood swings: expressive speech animation (2005)

Motion capture-based facial animation has recently gained popularity in many applications, such as movies, video games, and human-computer interface designs. With the use of sophisticated facial motions from a human performer, animated characters are far more lively and convincing. However, editing motion data is difficult, limiting the potential of reusing the motion data for different tasks. To address this problem, statistical techniques have been applied to learn models of the facial motion in order to derive new motions based on the existing data. Most existing research focuses on audio-to-visual mapping and reordering of words, or on photo-realistically matching the synthesized face to the original performer. Little attention has been paid to modifying and controlling facial expression, or to mapping expressive motion onto other 3D characters.This article describes a method for creating expressive facial animation by extracting information from the expression axis of a speech performance. First, a statistical model for factoring the expression and visual speech is learned from video. This model can be used to analyze the facial expression of a new performance or modify the facial expressions of an existing performance. With the addition of this analysis of the facial expression, the facial motion can be more effectively retargeted to another 3D face model. The blendshape retargeting technique is extended to include subsets of morph targets that belong to different facial expression groups. The proportion of each subset included in a final animation is weighted according to the expression information. The resulting animation conveys much more emotion than if only the motion vectors were used for retargeting. Finally, since head motion is very important in adding liveness to facial animation, we introduces an audio-driven synthesis technique for generating new head motion.
High-bandwidth nanopore data analysis by using a modified hidden Markov model (2017)

Nanopore-based sensing is an emerging analytical technique with a number of important applications, including single-molecule detection and DNA sequencing. In this paper, we developed a Modified Hidden Markov Model (MHMM) to analyze directly the raw (unfiltered) nanopore current blockade data, which significantly reduced the filtering-induced distortion of the nanopore events. Traditionally, prior to further analysis, the measured nanopore data need to be pre-filtered to supress the strong noises. Nonetheless, this would result in the distortion of the shape of the blockade current especially for rapid translocations and bumping blockades. The HMM has been proved to be robust with respect to highly noisy data and thus ideally suitable for processing raw nanopore data directly. Unfortunately, its performance is somehow sensitive to the initial parameters usually preset arbitrarily. To overcome this problem, we use the Fuzzy c-Means (FCM) algorithm to initialize the HMM parameters automatically. Then we use the Viterbi training algorithm to optimize the HMM. Finally, the application results on both the simulated and experimental data are presented to demonstrate the practicability of the developed method for accurate detection of the nanopore current blockade events. The proposed method enables detection of the nanopore events at the highest bandwidth of the commercial instruments to extract the true useful information about the single molecules under analysis.
Serum Albumin – An Important Allergen in Dog Epithelia Extracts (1973)

Allergens from dog serum and extracts of dog hair, dandruff and skin scrapings were studied with respect to some physico-chemical and immunological properties. Serum albumin was found to be an important allergen present in high concentration in epithelia extracts. At least one additional serum protein was found to be a potent allergen.
Immunomodulators in the treatment of peritonitis in burned and malnourished animals. (1984)

Deficiencies in the immune system that lead to increased morbidity and mortality from infectious complications have been well documented in patients suffering from trauma, malnutrition, sepsis, and thermal injuries. We investigated the potential benefit of immune stimulation for preventing infection in such conditions in an animal model by evaluating three drugs: Corynebacterium parvum, thymopentin (TP-5), and CP-46,665. One-hundred eighty female guinea pigs were rendered immunodeficient by first inflicting a 30% total body surface burn and then placing the animals on diets with calories inadequate to maintain body weight. One half of the animals were then given one of the three immunomodulators on the first, third, and fifth days after burn injury, to try to reverse immunodeficiency. The remaining animals received saline solution injections. Animal responses were evaluated by inserting a clot containing Escherichia coli and Bacillus fragilis into their peritoneal cavity 6 days after burn injury. The animals were followed for 21 days after burn injury. Autopsies on those that died revealed peritonitis and/or pneumonia; autopsies on these that survived showed no pneumonia and there was consistent resolution of peritonitis. TP-5 and CP-46,665, but not C. parvum, significantly improved survival rates and mean survival time in those animals receiving 100 kcal/kg/day. TP-5 and CP-46,665 may be of benefit to the severely stressed, malnourished surgical patient who is at risk of bacterial infection.
11 Cytology of Telomeres (1995)

Cytological observation of telomere behavior has a long history relative to our understanding of the molecular organization of chromosomes. Evidence accumulated in the late 19th century suggested that in a given organism the number and appearance of chromosomes was a consistent feature of each nucleus. To understand the function of these structures, investigators worked to describe chromosome movements, their global organization within the nucleus, and their associations with each other. Chromosome ends (telomeres) and spindle attachment points (kinetochores) were among the earliest recognized features, and their behavior has been the focus of many studies for more than a century. More recent evidence, discussed in various chapters in this volume, has shown that telomeres are specialized sequences that have roles in protecting chromosomes from fusion and degradation and can also affect genetic activity. These discoveries have spurred new interest in understanding telomere spatial organization and dynamics. There are significant differences between the conclusions about telomere organization drawn from observations of somatic versus meiotic cells. This is at least in part because some of the processes governing telomere behavior are probably specific to meiosis. Because of these differences, in this review we treat observations from somatic and meiotic nuclei separately. TELOMERE ORGANIZATION IN SOMATIC CELL NUCLEI Cytological Techniques for Probing Telomere Organization For more than a century, investigators have attempted to elucidate elements of order governing the interphase nucleus. Direct observation of interphase organization is difficult because of the decondensed nature of the chromosomes, which renders them indistinguishable in typical microscopic preparations...
Fabrication of a new MgO/C sorbent for CO2 capture at elevated temperature (2013)

A synergistic effect between a self-dispersion of MgO and biomass-derived carbon in the adsorption of CO2 is reported for the first time. Magnesia and carbon mixed particles are formed in situ during the carbonization of magnesium acetate on activated carbon made from coconut, increasing the accessibility of basic sites for CO2 adsorption. With these complementary effects of the hierarchical structural support, the composite containing 20% magnesia can trap 5 times more CO2 than 20% MgO/SiO2, in the harsh instantaneous adsorption of CO2 at 100 and 150 °C, offering a new candidate for the adsorption of CO2 in flue gas vents.
Comparative bioavailability of sustained-release and uncoated aspirin tablets (1981)

Plasma salicylate concentrations during multiple-dose administration of an uncoated and a sustained-release aspirin preparation were compared. Eight healthy adult subjects were given aspirin 2.6 g/day as sustained-release and uncoated tablets in two and four divided doses, respectively, for five-day periods in a crossover design. Treatment regimens were compared on the basis of five plasma salicylate concentrations measured during the fourth and fifth days of drug administration. Although there was considerable intersubject variation, no significant differences in salicylate concentrations (p less than or equal to 0.05) were found between treatments at any sampling time using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test or analysis of variance. Sustained-release aspirin preparations are capable of producing plasma salicylate concentrations comparable with those produced by uncoated aspirin tablets administered more frequently.
A novel microstrip filter structure consisting of transversal resonator array and its fully canonical bandpass filter design (2015)

A new and simple microstrip filter structure for a transversal array bandpass filter with multiple transmission zeros (TZs) is proposed, which is constructed by the parallel arrangement of even- and odd-mode half-wavelength resonators. The odd-mode resonators having open ends produce an intrinsic negative coupling with respect to the even-mode resonators with shorted ends, resulting in the cancellation of signals passing through parallel paths at stopbands. Thus, the proposed filter can generate multiple TZs with the control of external Q factors for multiple resonators, without using any couplings between adjacent/non-adjacent resonators. The resonant frequencies and the external Q factors required for resonators are synthesized with a coupling-matrix optimization, and then a fully canonical bandpass filter with 2-GHz center frequency, 6% bandwidth, and four TZs is designed. A very sharp roll-off response is achieved by TZs located at the passband edge, which is confirmed by both simulations and measurements.
Novel Arylsulfonamide Derivatives with 5-HT<sub>6</sub>/5-HT<sub>7</sub>Receptor Antagonism Targeting Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (2014)

In order to target behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), we used molecular modeling-assisted design to obtain novel multifunctional arylsulfonamide derivatives that potently antagonize 5-HT(6/7/2A) and D2 receptors, without interacting with M1 receptors and hERG channels. In vitro studies confirmed their antagonism of 5-HT(7/2A) and D2 receptors and weak interactions with key antitargets (M1R and hERG) associated with side effects. Marked 5-HT6 receptor affinities were also observed, notably for 6-fluoro-3-(piperidin-4-yl)-1,2-benzoxazole derivatives connected by a 3-4 unit alkyl linker with mono- or bicyclic, lipophilic arylsulfonamide moieties. N-[4-[4-(6-Fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]butyl]benzothiophene-2-sulfonamide (72) was characterized in vitro on 14 targets and antitargets. It displayed dual blockade of 5-HT6 and D2 receptors and negligible interactions at hERG and M1 receptors. Unlike reference antipsychotics, 72 displayed marked antipsychotic and antidepressant activity in rats after oral administration, in the absence of cognitive or motor impairment. This profile is particularly attractive when targeting a fragile, elderly BPSD patient population.
Nondestructive Characterization of a Series of Periodic Porous Silica Films by in situ Spectroscopic Ellipsometry in a Vapor Cell (2004)

Pore size distributions in a series of periodic porous silica low-dielectric-constant (low- k ) films were determined by the analysis of adsorption/desorption isotherms of heptane. The isotherms were obtained from in situ spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements at room temperature in a vapor cell. The porous silica low- k films were prepared by the spin coating of a mixture of silica precursor and alkyltrimethylammoniumchloride surfactant template solutions. A systematic increase in pore diameter with an increase in the alkyl chain length of the template molecules was observed. It is concluded that the in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry in a vapor cell as a nondestructive technique of characterizing pore structures in porous low- k films has the potential to clearly distinguish such a slight difference in pore diameter as is caused by only –(CH 2 ) 2 – in a template molecular structure.
Motor deficiency in Parkinson's disease (1998)

The basal ganglia comprise a group of gray matter structures beneath the cerebral cortex, that surrounds the thalamus and hypothalamus. The basal ganglia play an important role in controlling movement. The motor circuits within the striato-pallidal complex are thought to facilitate desired movement and inhibit unwanted movement through their influence, via the thalamus, mainly on cortical precentral motor regions. Localized damage to parts of the basal ganglia occurs in certain diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism is a common neurological disorder that affects about one person in every 1,000 of the general population and about 2% in the elderly. The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is based on the presence of two or more of the major symptoms: tremor, rigidity, postural instability, and bradykinesia. The pathological process behind the motor disabilities of Parkinsonism is a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, that results in dopamine depletion in the striatum. Brain dopamine deficiency is sufficient to explain all of the major symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
The pharmacology of the endocannabinoid system: functional and structural interactions with other neurotransmitter systems and their repercussions in behavioral addiction (2008)

Addiction is a chronic, recurring and complex disorder. It is characterized by anomalous behaviors that are linked to permanent or long-lasting neurobiological alterations. Furthermore, the endocannabinoid system has a crucial role in mediating neurotransmitter release as one of the main neuromodulators of the mammalian central nervous system. The purpose of the present review is to instruct readers about the functional and structural interactions between the endocannabinoid system and the main neurotransmitter systems of the central nervous system in the context of drug addiction. With this aim, we have systematically reviewed the main findings of most of the existing literature that explores cross-talk in the five brain areas that are most traditionally implicated in addiction: amygdala, prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and ventral tegmental area (VTA). The neurotransmission systems influenced by the pharmacology of the endocannabinoid system in these brain areas, which are reviewed here, are gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, the main biogenic amines (dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin), acetylcholine and opioids. We show that all of these neurotransmitter systems can be modulated differentially in each brain area by the activation or deactivation of cannabinoid CB1 brain receptors. Specifically, most of the studies relate to the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens. Moreover, the neurotransmitter with the fewest number of related studies is acetylcholine (excepting in the hippocampus), whereas there is a large number that evaluates GABA, glutamate and dopamine. Finally, we propose a possible interpretation of the role of the endocannabinoid system in the phenomenon of addiction.