gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Effects of Monoclonal Antibody−β-Lactamase Conjugates in Combination with a Nitrogen Mustard Anticancer Prodrug in Models of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma (1998)

A panel of 13 renal cell carcinoma cell lines was evaluated for the expression of antigens recognized by the L6 and L49 monoclonal antibodies. All of the cell lines were strongly positive for the L6 antigen, and 9/13 bound 96.5, which, like the L49 monoclonal antibody, recognizes the p97 melanotransferrin antigen. The L6 and L49 antibodies were chemically conjugated to Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase (bL), and their abilities to effect site-selective anticancer prodrug activation on two of the renal cell carcinoma cell lines (SN12P and 1934J) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. L49-bL was 10-90-fold more potent in vitro than L6-bL for the activation of 7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporin mustard (CCM), a cephalosporin prodrug of phenylenediamine mustard (PDM). In addition, L49-bL showed higher degrees of specific SN12P and 1934J intratumoral uptake than L6-bL, even though the expression of L6 antigen was 2-fold higher than that of p97. These differences might be due to the high-affinity antigen binding of L49-bL relative to L6-bL. In vivo studies utilizing nude mice with established subcutaneous SN12P and 1934J tumor xenografts demonstrated that L49-bL/CCM combinations led to regressions and cures at well-tolerated doses, while L6-bL/CCM and the nonbinding control conjugate P1.17-bL in combination with CCM were ineffective. Conjugate localization in 1934J tumors was much lower than that observed in SN12P tumors, a finding that might acount for the higher activities of L49-bL/CCM in the latter model. These data show that the p97 antigen on renal cell carcinomas can be exploited for selective prodrug activation, even on tumors that localize very small amounts of the L49-bL conjugate.
Characterizing functional hippocampal pathways in a brain-based device as it solves a spatial memory task (2005)

Analyzing neural dynamics underlying complex behavior is a major challenge in systems neurobiology. To meet this challenge through computational neuroscience, we have constructed a brain-based device (Darwin X) that interacts with a real environment, and whose behavior is guided by a simulated nervous system incorporating detailed aspects of the anatomy and physiology of the hippocampus and its surrounding regions. Darwin X integrates cues from its environment to solve a spatial memory task. Place-specific units, similar to place cells in the rodent, emerged by integrating visual and self-movement cues during exploration without prior assumptions in the model about environmental inputs. Because synthetic neural modeling using brain-based devices allows recording from all elements of the simulated nervous system during behavior, we were able to identify different functional hippocampal pathways. We did this by tracing back from reference neuronal units in the CA1 region of the simulated hippocampus to all of the synaptically connected units that were coactive during a particular exploratory behavior. Our analysis identified a number of different functional pathways within the simulated hippocampus that incorporate either the perforant path or the trisynaptic loop. Place fields, which were activated by the trisynaptic circuit, tended to be more selective and informative. However, place units that were activated by the perforant path were prevalent in the model and were crucial for generating appropriate exploratory behavior. Thus, in the model, different functional pathways influence place field activity and, hence, behavior during navigation.
A mating method accounting for inbreeding and multi-trait selection in dairy cattle populations (2009)

Selection in dairy cattle populations usually takes into account both the breed profiles for many traits and their overall estimated breeding values (EBV). This can result in effective contributions of breeding animals departing substantially from contributions optimised for saving future genetic variability. In this work, we propose a mating method that considers not only inbreeding but also the detailed EBV of progeny or the EBV of sires in reference to acceptance thresholds. Penalties were defined for inbreeding and for inadequate EBV profiles. Relative reductions of penalties yielded by any mating design were expressed on a scale ranging from 0 to 1. A value of 0 represented the average performance of random matings and a value of 1 represented the maximal reduction allowed by a specialized, single-penalty, mating design. The core of the method was an adaptative simulated annealing, where the maximized function was the average of both ratios, under the constraints that both relative penalty reductions should be equal and that the within-herd concentration criterion should be equal to a predefined reasonable value. The method was tested on two French dairy cattle populations originating from the same AI organization. The optimised mating design allowed substantial reductions of penalty: 70% and 64% for the Holstein and the Normandy populations, respectively. Thus, this mating method decreased inbreeding and met various demands from breeders.
Real Life Experience With Multipath Ultrasonic Gas Flow Meters (1996)

Multipath ultrasonic gas flow meters are to be considered as newcomers among flow meters for large, high pressure gas flows. Although the advantages of this type of meters are many and obvious, the metering community is still hesitating to go for it mainly because of lack of experience. The objective of this paper is to present the experience of Statoil after more than six years experience with multipath ultrasonic gas flow meters. Our experience includes laboratory testing and operation in the field for a variety of designs and dimensions. This paper presents the accuracy achieved by such meters including comparison between ultrasonic meters and orifice metering systems in operation, the unique possibilities that this type of meter offers for on-line verification of performance and installation effects. Of particular interest should be noted that in the vicinity of low-noise control valves, such meters could stop functioning completely if no precautions are taken.
The Technique of Furniture Making (1970)

First published in 1970 this is highly regarded by woodworkers and is suited to the amateur and professional alike. It has been revised to take account of changes in practice including the use of power tools, adhesives and computer-controlled machinery. The three sections deal with materials, tools and techniques; advanced construction techniques and metal fittings; running a workshop, draughtsmanship, furniture designs and restoration. The author was part-time Head of Furniture at a leading college until 1969. Alan Peters has won numerous awards and published in 1986 Cabinet Making: the Professional Approach.
Activation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell progelatinase A by phorbol myristate acetate: a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism involving a membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase. (1996)

Matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in tumor invasion, angiogenesis and inflammatory tissue destruction. The 72-kd gelatinase A is the most widely distributed. Along with the 92-kd gelatinase B, it plays an important role in basement membrane turnover. Gelatinase A is secreted as progelatinase A and, when activated, can cause extracellular matrix destruction. The physiologic mechanism of this activation is not well understood. Based on the importance of endothelial cells in inflammation and cancer, we sought in this study to systematically study the PMA-induced activation of endothelial cell progelatinase A. Using HUVEC, we demonstrated that PMA-induced activation of progelatinase A in these vascular endothelial cells (a) was protein kinase C-dependent as it was blocked by H-7; (b) occurred through cell-mediated events as PMA was unable to activate progelatinase A in a cell-free system and that low dose tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2, but not tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, totally inhibited PMA-induced activation; (c) was accompanied by an increase in the membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase (MT-MMP). We also found that the combination of PMA and the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha increased HUVEC secretion and activation of gelatinase B. In conclusion, our data show that PMA activation of vascular endothelial cell progelatinase A is a cell membrane event that is at least partially mediated through a PKC-dependent mechanism and is accompanied by an increase synthesis of MT-MMP. These data suggest a role for MT-MMP in the activation of progelatinase A in vascular endothelial cells.
Local plasmon photonic transistor (2001)

A proposal for a photonic transistor is made and some basic proving experiments are described. These experiments show that by focusing two laser beams (405 and 635 nm) in one small spot on a high-speed rotating optical disk, a large signal enhancement is observed. It was found that a plasmon interaction generated between a silver light-scattering center and recorded small marks in the optical disk with a super-resolution near-field structure produced the large signal amplification in the spot (&lt;1 μm). A modulated signal of the blue laser was enhanced by 60 times by controlling the red laser power from 1.5 to 3.5 mW. It has been shown that the system has the potential to realize all-thin-films photonic transistors by using local plasmon amplification.
A high-throughput in-memory index, durable on flash-based SSD: Insights into the winning solution of the SIGMOD programming contest 2011 (2012)

Growing memory capacities and the increasing number of cores on modern hardware enforces the design of new in-memory indexing structures that reduce the number of memory transfers and minimizes the need for locking to allow massive parallel access. However, most applications depend on hard durability constraints requiring a persistent medium like SSDs, which shorten the latency and throughput gap between main memory and hard disks. In this paper, we present our winning solution of the SIGMOD Programming Contest 2011. It consists of an in-memory indexing structure that provides a balanced read/write performance as well as non-blocking reads and single-lock writes. Complementary to this index, we describe an SSD-optimized logging approach to fit hard durability requirements at a high throughput rate.
Towards Understanding and Harnessing the Potential of Clause Learning (2004)

Efficient implementations of DPLL with the addition of clause learning are the fastest complete Boolean satisfiability solvers and can handle many significant real-world problems, such as verification, planning and design. Despite its importance, little is known of the ultimate strengths and limitations of the technique. This paper presents the first precise characterization of clause learning as a proof system (CL), and begins the task of understanding its power by relating it to the well-studied resolution proof system. In particular, we show that with a new learning scheme, CL can provide exponentially shorter proofs than many proper refinements of general resolution (RES) satisfying a natural property. These include regular and Davis-Putnam resolution, which are already known to be much stronger than ordinary DPLL. We also show that a slight variant of CL with unlimited restarts is as powerful as RES itself. Translating these analytical results to practice, however, presents a challenge because of the nondeterministic nature of clause learning algorithms. We propose a novel way of exploiting the underlying problem structure, in the form of a high level problem description such as a graph or PDDL specification, to guide clause learning algorithms toward faster solutions. We show that this leads to exponential speed-ups on grid and randomized pebbling problems, as well as substantial improvements on certain ordering formulas.
A microkinetic model of methanol oxidation over silver (2003)

Udgivelsesdato: OCT 10
A<i>Visual Basic</i>Software for Computing Fisher's Exact Probability (2003)

Fisher's exact test (FET) is an important statistical method for testing association between two groups. However, the computations involved in FET are extremely tedious and time consuming due to multi-step factorial calculations after the construction of numerous 2x2 tables depending on the smallest cell value. A Visual-Basic computer program, CalcFisher, has been developed to handle the complexities of FET resorting the techniques of looping subroutines and logarithmic conversions. The software automatically calculates the P-value after entering the respective cell values and has been validated for proper functioning with a wide range of frequencies (tens to several thousands). The important features of the program include, easy data entry, tail-selection, comprehensive report format and the facility of printing and saving of results.
Speculative analysis (2010)

Most software tools and environments help developers analyze the present and past development states of their software systems. Few approaches have investigated the potential consequences of future actions the developers may perform. The commoditization of hardware, multi-core architectures, and cloud computing provide new potential for delivering apparently-instantaneous feedback to developers, informing them of the effects of changes that they may be considering to the software.
A Self-Compensating Temperature Indicator (1930)

The following paper describes a unique adaptation of the temperature sensitive magnetic alloys known as ``calmaloy'' to the cold junction compensation of thermocouple temperature indicators. It has been known for some time that certain specially prepared copper-nickel alloys possess the property of changing permeability linearly with temperature over very wide ranges. This peculiar function of permeability has been advantageously used for effecting temperature compensation on different devices, particularly watthour meters. The need has recently arisen of providing suitable compensation for millivolt meters used in connection with thermocouples for determining the temperatures of air cooled aircraft motors. It is shown that by employing the restoring torque on the instrument produced by a small vane of calmaloy in addition to the usual restoring torque of the spring, a very satisfactory compensation results. Curves are shown which illustrate the accuracy of compensation obtained and a detailed explanation of just how it is accomplished is also given.
The design of an automotive low drop out regulator IC utilizing a depletion mode high voltage DMOS pass element (2002)

In this paper the design of a new low dropout voltage regulator utilizing a high voltage depletion mode NMOS device as a pass element is described. A novel method of compensation is utilized which allows the circuit to be stable over a wide range of output capacitance and ESR. A watchdog timer is included with this circuit. The regulator is capable of sourcing 500 ma in regulation but is limited by forward drop and power dissipation.
Transfer Learning for Video Recognition with Scarce Training Data for Deep Convolutional Neural Network (2014)

Unconstrained video recognition and Deep Convolution Network (DCN) are two active topics in computer vision recently. In this work, we apply DCNs as frame-based recognizers for video recognition. Our preliminary studies, however, show that video corpora with complete ground truth are usually not large and diverse enough to learn a robust model. The networks trained directly on the video data set suffer from significant overfitting and have poor recognition rate on the test set. The same lack-of-training-sample problem limits the usage of deep models on a wide range of computer vision problems where obtaining training data are difficult. To overcome the problem, we perform transfer learning from images to videos to utilize the knowledge in the weakly labeled image corpus for video recognition. The image corpus help to learn important visual patterns for natural images, while these patterns are ignored by models trained only on the video corpus. Therefore, the resultant networks have better generalizability and better recognition rate. We show that by means of transfer learning from image to video, we can learn a frame-based recognizer with only 4k videos. Because the image corpus is weakly labeled, the entire learning process requires only 4k annotated instances, which is far less than the million scale image data sets required by previous works. The same approach may be applied to other visual recognition tasks where only scarce training data is available, and it improves the applicability of DCNs in various computer vision problems. Our experiments also reveal the correlation between meta-parameters and the performance of DCNs, given the properties of the target problem and data. These results lead to a heuristic for meta-parameter selection for future researches, which does not rely on the time consuming meta-parameter search.
Integrating corrections into digital ink playback (2009)

In this paper, we describe preliminary work on an ink editing application that allows an instructor to correct mistakes to digital ink written during a presentation that is to be archived. These corrections are then seamlessly reintegrated into the digital archive so that when the presentation is replayed the corrected ink is displayed instead of the original incorrect ink. We base our results on a system we have developed and prototype the work flow from initial presentation, through correction, updating the archive and playback. We show that a simple mechanism for correction is effective and low effort for the instructor. A key technical challenge that is addressed is the substitution of strokes by matching of the original and corrected ink.
Lateral-junction vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on a GaAs (311) A-oriented substrate (1999)

A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser was fabricated using a lateral p-n junction to inject carriers in the InGaAs active layer. The lateral p-n junction is formed in GaAs epilayers doped only with silicon and grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on a patterned GaAs (311) A-oriented substrate. This design allows the use of electrically insulating distributed Bragg reflectors and coplanar contacts while simplifying device process. Pulsed-mode operation at room temperature was obtained with a threshold current of 2.3 mA. Light emission spectrum has a single peak at 942 nm with a full width at half maximum of 0.15 nm.
TFSOI complementary BiCMOS technology for low power RF mixed-mode applications (2002)

A Thin-Film-Silicon-On-Insulator Complementary BiCMOS technology has been developed for low power applications. The technology is based on a manufacturable, near-fully-depleted 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process with the lateral bipolar device integrated as a drop-in module for CBiCMOS circuits. Excellent low power performance is demonstrated through low current ECL and low voltage CMOS circuits. For the first time, good RF and analog performance of a TFSOI (C)BiCMOS technology is demonstrated. Device gain, noise figure, 1/F noise and matching characteristics comparable to bulk BiCMOS technologies are achieved.
ODM-based UML Model Transformations using Prolog (2011)

In this paper we present a framework for the specification of model transformations by means of Prolog rules, using the ODM representation of UML models. In addition, Prolog rules are also used for the validation of source and tar- get models w.r.t. their ODM based metamodels. We have validated our proposal by means of a prototype developed under SWI-Prolog. Model Driven Engineering (MDE) is an emerging approach for software development. MDE emphasizes the construction of models from which the implementation should be derived by applying model transformations. Hence, Model transformation (35, 20) is a key tool of MDE. According to the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) (29) initia- tive of the Object Management Group (OMG) (27), model transformation provides to developers tools for transforming their models. The MDA approach proposes three elements in order to describe a model transfor- mation: the first one is the so-called meta-meta-model which is the basis of the model transformation and provides the language for describing meta-models. The second one consists in the meta-models of the models to be transformed. Source and target models must conform to the corresponding meta-model. Such meta-models are modeled ac- cording to the meta-meta-model. The third one consists in the source and target models. Source and target models are instances of the corresponding meta-models. In addition, source and target meta-models are instances of the meta-meta-model. Therefore, in order to define a model transformation we should be able to meta- model the source and target models w.r.t. the meta-meta-model, and map source and target meta-models. In this context, model transformation needs formal techniques for specifying the transformation. In particular, in most of the cases transformations can be expressed by means of some kind of rules. The rules have to express how any source model can be transformed into a target model in a given transformation. On the other hand, the Ontology Definition Metamodel (ODM) proposal (30) of the OMG aims to define an ontology-based representation of UML models. ODM is ? This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry MICINN and Ingenieros Alborada IDI under grant TRA2009-0309. This work has been also supported by the EU (FEDER) and the Spanish Ministry MICINN under grants TIN2010-15588, TIN2008-06622-C03-03, and the JUNTA ANDALUCIA (proyecto de excelencia) ref. TIC-6114.
Reasons for Substantial Delay in Consumer Decision Making (1995)

This study proposes a typology of reasons why people substantially delay important consumer decisions. The delay reasons we study are drawn from delay typologies identified in other contexts as well as from the product diffusion literature. Two studies reported here examine why subjects delay consumer decisions. These support most of the reasons in the proposed typology, while some unanticipated delay reasons also emerge. We find that the delay reasons are related to the reasons consumers stop delaying, a process that we call delay closure, and are also related to the amount of time that consumers spend in different stages of the decision-making process. A final study supports a conceptual framework to classify these delay reasons based on the two dimensions of internal versus external locus of causation, and whether the purpose of delay is related to the decision or to unrelated activities. Copyright 1995 by the University of Chicago.
From at-sensor observation to at-surface reflectance - calibration steps for earth observation hyperspectral sensors (2004)

With the continued development of space borne hyperspectral sensors (CSA HERO, ESA CHRIS-on-PROBA, ESA SPECTRA, NASA SpectraSat) to follow the EO-1 Hyperion sensor, high spectral and spatial Earth observation data will become more readily available to the research and user communities. With this improvement in spectral and spatial resolution comes the need to have more rigorous image preprocessing. Spectral and spatial registration and radiometric response need to be characterized and applied more frequently, possibly on a scene by scene basis depending on the stability of the sensor. This requires a system that can evaluate a dataset and determine these parameters efficiently and independently. A pre-processing procedure to transform at-sensor signals to at-surface reflectance for Earth Observation hyperspectral imagery has been developed at the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing/Natural Resources Canada (CCRS/NRCan). This process examines an image cube for bad pixels (stripes) and noise levels, determines spectral (smile effect) and spatial (keystone) registration per pixel, as well as evaluating the image cube for optimal signal gain and offset, and applies the relevant corrections. Where applicable, a scene-based (vicarious) calibration procedure can also be applied.