gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Auto-tuning of Cloud-Based In-Memory Transactional Data Grids via Machine Learning (2012)

In-memory transactional data grids have revealed extremely suited for cloud based environments, given that they well fit elasticity requirements imposed by the pay-as-you-go cost model. Particularly, the non-reliance on stablestorage devices simplifies dynamic resize of these platforms, which typically only involves setting up (or shutting down) some data-cache instance. On the other hand, defifining the well suited amount of cache servers to be deployed, and the degree of replication of slices of data, in order to optimize reliability/availability and performance tradeoffs, is far frombeing a trivial task. As a example, scaling up/down the size of the underlying infrastructure might give rise to scarcely predictable secondary effects on the side of the synchronization protocol adopted to guarantee data consistency while supporting transactional accesses. In this paper we investigate on the usage of machine learning approaches with the aim at providing a means for automatically tuning the data grid confifiguration, which is achieved via dynamic selection of both the well suited amount of cache servers, and the well suited degree of replication of the data-objects. The final target is to determine confifigurations that are able to guarantee specifific throughput or latency values (such as those established by some SLA), under some specifific workload profifile/intensity, while minimizing at the same time the cost for the cloud infrastructure. Our proposal has been integrated within an operating environment relying on the well known Infinispan data grid, namely a mainstream open source product by theRed Had JBoss division. Some experimental data are also provided supporting the effectiveness of our proposal, which have been achieved by deploying the data platform on top of Amazon EC2.
Editorial committee reorganization (1953)

The Editorial Committee wishes to thank Mr. Bauer for his successful efforts and. for his willingness to continue as editorial advisor and an active member of the committee, while serving as the new Secretary-Treasu rer of IRE-EA. The reorganization of the Editorial Committee includes not only new and additional personnel, but also a revised plan of operation. The regional editorship idea is not to be abandoned completely, but will be retained as part of the new plan, We will attempt to distribute some of the editorial functions, and to assign sub ject-matter classifications within audio to individual committee members,while each member of the committee will serve as a regional editor in the particular region centered about his geographica location. Members of IRE-PGA will know whom to contact on a regional basis by referring to the addresses of the editorial committee members listed on the inside covero The rapid growth of IRE-PGA is believed to have resulted in large measure from IRE menbership interest in the advancement of audio technology through timely publication of the results of fundmental research, of engineering development and design, and of experience gained in the use of audio SYSterllS It is the ,pleasant responsibility of individual IRE-PGA members to be active in these matters, as well as interested. When some new principle or device or concept has been discovered, or when something well lcnown has been reexanined to new advantage, the membership of IRE-PGA will certainly appreciate a first chance to hear about it through TRANSACTIONS of IRE-PGA. Policies on republication of material elsewhere, previously explained in these columns, will continue.
Shepherding Behaviors with Multiple Shepherds (2006)

Shepherding behaviors are a type of group be haviors in which one group (the shepherds) tries to control the motion of another group (the flock). Shepherding behaviors can be found in many forms in nature and have various important robotic applications. In this paper we extend our previous work of shepherding behaviors with a single shepherd to multiple shepherds. More specifically, we study how a group of shepherds can work cooperatively without communication to efficiently control the flock.
Design for the environment: life cycle assessment and sustainable packaging issues (2005)

As extended producer responsibility gains ascendancy in sustainable development, proper management of the life cycle of a product is becoming more and more important. This paper presents a general overview of product life cycle assessment (LCA) and sustainable product packaging over the last four to five years. The review of life cycle assessment includes on overview of LCAs conducted over the last six to seven years for a wide variety of products. The application of the LCA methodology to the formulation of regulatory and public policies, especially in the USA and the Netherlands, and the outcome of the five-year national Japanese LCA initiative, are presented. The key issues and limitations confronting LCA, notably the role of weighting factors, are summarised. Some of these include the unequal treatment of qualitative and quantitative measures and the absence of a semantic ontology to unify the practice. Finally, the merits and shortcomings of a streamlined (abridged) (SLCA) are briefly reviewed. The review of sustainable product packaging is confined to the LCA of packaging systems and new, innovative environmentally-benign packaging materials, for example, biodegradable agricultural (compostable) polymers. The outcome of any packaging LCA should always be interpreted in light of the prevailing technology and the function of the packaging. Also discussed are the life cycle assessment of some packaging systems, new active or intelligent packaging materials, and initiatives across the manufacturing and service industry at dematerialising packaging. The ramifications of the landmark EU Directive on Packaging Waste 94/62/EU and its corresponding regulations in EU member states and some reasons for the varying degrees of success are presented. A more wide-ranging integrated approach, encompassing economic, social and environmental considerations, in conjunction with more efficient packaging designs, which economise on material and are recyclable, is the key to sustainable packaging.
Augmented reality for radiation dose awareness in the catheterization lab (2017)

There is a growing awareness of the effects of radiation exposure to the patient and staff during minimally-invasive x-ray guided interventions. Augmented reality can provide real-time visualization of radiation dose during the procedure with relevant information displayed in the appropriate context.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CuInSe</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1992)

In x-ray photoemission, we have observed negative shifts of the valence-band maximum with conduction-type conversion from p to n type, induced by a decrease in the [Cu]/[In] ratio of the ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$${\mathrm{In}}_{1\ensuremath{\mp}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ thin films, deposited by a molecular-beam method. We found no evidence of Cu 2p poorly screened peaks, representing Cu ${\mathit{d}}^{9}$ electron configuration in the p-type films. Holes in the p-type films are located at the d-p antibonding orbital, dominated by the Se p state in the crystal. The binding energy of the Cu d state, dominating the d-p bonding orbital, is larger than that of the Se p state.
In vitro cultivation of mycobacteria in cholesterol lecithin media from lepromas of rats infected with Mycobacterium lepraemurium. (1978)

In vivo grown M. lepraemurium suspensions were inoculated into a basal medium containing cholesterol and lecithin. Slow growing strains of mycobacteria were cultured regularly in these media. The presence of free cholesterol or cholesterol in serum or cholesterol in trypsin-digested egg yolk was essential for growth. The primary cultures were difficult to obtain, but the strains were easily subcultured. A heavy inoculum was necessary to obtain primary cultures in the liquid media, no growth occurred on semisolid agar slants. Similarly slow-growing primary cultures were obtained on Ogawa egg yolk media. Growth developed in a considerably shorter time if Ogawa's medium was enriched with 0.4% yeast extract (Difco). The cultures obtained on Ogawa egg yolk media were successfully subcultered in liquid cholesterol-lecithin media. The relation of the cultured strains of mycobacteria to the pathology of murine leprosy is not yet clear. The dynamics of cholesterol metabolism in the macrophages related to murine leprosy is discussed.
Indexes of the Foreign Exchange Value of the Dollar (2005)

At the end of 1998, the staff of the Federal Reserve Board introduced a new set of indexes of the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar. The staff made the changeover, from indexes that had been used since the late 1970s, for two reasons. First, five of the ten currencies in the staff&amp;amp;amp;#x27;s previous main index of the dollar&amp;amp;amp;#x27;s exchange value were about to be replaced by a single new currency, the euro. Second, developments in international trade since the late 1970s called for a broadening of the scope of the staff&amp;amp;amp;#x27;s dollar indexes and a closer alignment of the currency weights with U.S. trade patterns. The author discusses several practical aspects of the design and implementation of the exchange rate indexes--the choice of index formula, the design of currency weights, and the selection of currencies. The author also reviews the performance of the indexes over the past twenty-five years and discusses three minor methodological changes that the staff has applied to the indexes since their introduction.
Spatial oversampling in imaging sensors: Benefits in sensitivity and detection (2012)

Infrared Focal Plane Arrays have been developed with reductions in pixel size below the Nyquist limit imposed by the optical systems Point Spread Function (PSF). These smaller sub diffraction limited pixels allows spatial oversampling of the image. We show that oversampling the PSF allows improved fidelity in imaging, resulting in sensitivity improvements due to pixel correlation, reduced false alarm rates, improved detection ranges, and an improved ability to track closely spaced objects.
The reversed word field switching threshold for M-R memory elements (1990)

An experimental and analytical study was performed on the threshold properties of 1.5*5- mu m/sup 2/ and 1.8*18- mu m/sup 2/ magnetoresistive memory cells (MR) for rotational switching when a reverse word field (opposed to the edge magnetization) is applied. The results show that the threshold for reverse switching requires larger fields than normal because of the energy associated with the formation of walls at the element edges. In the case of reverse switching (for a stored 'one'), the wall energy is sufficient to restore the element to its original state when the word field is removed for the 1.5- and 1.8- mu m-wide elements. If the elements are made wide enough, the wall energy is not sufficient to cause return switching. The current analytical model adequately accounts for the normal and reverse switching threshold when demagnetization corrections are taken into account. The model does not adequately account for the return switching threshold as a function of sense current.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ROCK-I regulates closure of the eyelids and ventral body wall by inducing assembly of actomyosin bundles (2005)

Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) I mediates signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton. To investigate the in vivo functions of ROCK-I, we generated ROCK-I-deficient mice. Loss of ROCK-I resulted in failure of eyelid closure and closure of the ventral body wall, which gave rise to the eyes open at birth and omphalocele phenotypes in neonates. Most ROCK-I(-/-) mice died soon after birth as a result of cannibalization of the omphalocele by the mother. Actin cables that encircle the eye in the epithelial cells of the eyelid were disorganized and accumulation of filamentous actin at the umbilical ring was impaired, with loss of phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain (MLC) at both sites, in ROCK-I(-/-) embryos. Stress fiber formation and MLC phosphorylation induced by EGF were also attenuated in primary keratinocytes from ROCK-I(-/-) mice. These results suggest that ROCK-I regulates closure of the eyelids and ventral body wall through organization of actomyosin bundles.
Zvrs master slave parallel task-allocating algorithm using RR scheduling and its implement (2013)

This paper describes a new heuristic algorithm for allocating n-tasks on p-processors named ZVRS master slave parallel task allocating algorithm using RR scheduling. This parallel task-allocation is implemented on master-slave system. Task-allocation on slave processors is already presented using FCFS scheduling. Improved master-slave parallel task allocating is also presented that Task groups are arranged in descending order on the basis of their cost and then using FCFS scheduling for arranging in a queue and then task groups are assigned to slave-processors. This paper presents the ZVRS master-slave parallel task-allocating algorithm using RR scheduling. Here Firstly task groups are arranged in descending order on the basis of their costs. Then these task groups are arranged in a queue using RR scheduling. After that, the master processor assigns the task groups to slave processors. This new algorithm shows the advantage that this system consumes the less time, better processor utilization than the previous algorithms. It also improves the efficiency.
Selective Interaction of Vitamin D Receptor with Transcriptional Coactivators by a Vitamin D Analog (1999)

The nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a member of a nuclear receptor superfamily and acts as a ligand-dependent transcription factor. A family of cotranscriptional activators (SRC-1, TIF2, and AIB-1) interacts with and activates the transactivation function of nuclear receptors in a ligand-dependent way. We examined interaction of VDR with these coactivators that was induced by several vitamin D analogs, since they exert differential subsets of the biological action of vitamin D through unknown mechanisms. Unlike other vitamin D analogs tested, OCT (22-oxa-1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) induced interaction of VDR with TIF2 but not with SRC-1 or AIB-1. Consistent with these interactions, only TIF2 was able to potentiate the transactivation function of VDR bound to OCT. Thus, the present findings suggest that the structure of VDR is altered in a vitamin D analog-specific way, resulting in selective interactions of VDR with coactivators. Such selective interaction of coactivators with VDR may specify the array of biological actions of a vitamin D analog like OCT, possibly through activating a particular set of target gene promoters.
MMFF VII. Characterization of MMFF94, MMFF94s, and other widely available force fields for conformational energies and for intermolecular-interaction energies and geometries (1999)

This article provides extensive comparisons for the MMFF94, MMFF94s, CFF95, CVFF, MSI CHARMm, AMBER*, OPLS*, MM2*, and MM3* force fields to experimental and high-quality ab initio data for conformational energies and to scaled ab initio data for hydrogen-bonded complexes. Some comparisons are also presented for CHARMM 22. The tests of conformational energies consisted of two sets of comparisons to experiment and one more extensive set of comparisons to relatively high-quality ab initio data. As in the derivation of MMFF94, scaled HF/6-31G* energies and geometries were used to assess the reasonableness of the calculated intermolecular interaction energies and geometries. The comparisons for intermolecular interactions appear to be the first broadly based comparisons to appear in the chemical literature. Taken together, the comparisons reveal that most of the force fields make sizable errors and frequently produce qualitatively incorrect results for both conformational and intermolecular-interaction energies. For example, three of the force fields produce individual errors in conformational energy of more than 10 kcal/mol, and four rate thiophene as a stronger hydrogen-bond acceptor than ammonia. Only MMFF94 and MMFF94s perform consistently well. Some MMFF deficiencies are apparent, however, particularly for conformational energies of halocyclohexanes. These deficiencies, and others recently found for condensed-phase simulations, will need to be addressed in any future reparameterization of MMFF. The quantum-chemical data used in this work have been placed on the Computational Chemistry List web site. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 20: 730-748, 1999.
The Spectrum of Spontaneous and Iatrogenic Esophageal Injury (1999)

Esophageal perforations, Mallory-Weiss tears, and esophageal hematoma involve traumatic injury to the esophagus. These can be iatrogenic, in particular due to esophageal instrumentation, but can also occur spontaneously. The remarkable increase in diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy as well as esophageal surgery has made instrumentation the most common cause of esophageal perforation. In many instances, spontaneous perforations are associated with retching and vomiting, which causes a sudden increase in intraesophageal pressure. A high index of suspicion leading to rapid diagnosis and appropriate therapy are needed to optimize clinical outcomes. This article focuses on esophageal perforations, Mallory-Weiss tears, and esophageal hematomas, with emphasis on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prevention.
Autologous stem cell transplantation for autoimmunity induces immunologic self-tolerance by reprogramming autoreactive T cells and restoring the CD4+CD25+ immune regulatory network (2005)

Despite a rapidly accumulating clinical experience with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as a treatment for severe refractory autoimmune disease, data on the mechanisms by which ASCT induces immune tolerance are still very scarce. In this study it is shown that ASCT restores immunologic self-tolerance in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) via 2 mechanisms. First, ASCT induces a restoration of the frequency of FoxP3 expressing CD4+CD25bright regulatory T cells (Tregs) from severely reduced numbers before ASCT to normal levels after ASCT. This recovery is due to a preferential homeostatic expansion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs during the lymphopenic phase of immunereconstitution, as measured by Ki67 and CD44 expression, and to a renewed thymopoiesis of naive mRNA FoxP3 expressing CD4+CD25+ Tregs after ASCT. Second, using artificial antigen-presenting cells to specifically isolate self-reactive T cells, we demonstrate that ASCT induces autoimmune cells to deviate from a proinflammatory phenotype (mRNA interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma] and T-bet high) to a tolerant phenotype (mRNA interleukin-10 [IL-10] and GATA-3 high). These data are the first to demonstrate the qualitative immunologic changes that are responsible for the induction of immune tolerance by ASCT for JIA: the restoration of the CD4+CD25+ immune regulatory network and reprogramming of autoreactive T cells.
Nanofiltration Concentration Effect on the Efficacy of Lactose Crystallization (1992)

ABSTRACT Application of nanofiltration membranes to processing sweet whey and skim milk ultrafiltration permeate increased lactose crystal yield by about 10 and 8 %, respectively, at a concentration factor of 3.0. These increases were attributed to depletion of minerals, especially monovalent cations such as sodium and potassium, by the partial demineralization effect of the nanofiltration membrane. These membranes may be incorporated into current industrial processes for producing lactose from whey and milk permeates.
The mechanism of thermal eliminations. Part 26. Substituent effects at each carbon of vinyl ethers: non-planarity of the transition state (1988)

A range of 1-arylethyl vinyl ethers and 1-arylvinyl isopropyl ethers, 2-phenylethyl vinyl ether, isopropenyl isopropyl ether, and isopropyl cis- and trans-phenylvinyl ether have been synthesized and their rates of thermal elimination measured between 585.9–666.4 K. The Ei mechanism for vinyl ether pyrolysis has less E1 character than that for pyrolysis of the corresponding esters, so nucleophilic attack by the double bond upon the β-hydrogen is more important for the former. Electron supply to the double bond therefore increases the pyrolysis rate, so that isopropenyl isopropyl ether is more reactive than isopropyl vinyl ether (5.85-fold at 600 K), whereas acetates and formates are almost equally reactive. Likewise isopropyl 1-phenylvinyl ether is 2.2 times more reactive than isopropenyl isopropyl ether, slightly greater than the reactivity difference between the corresponding esters (benzoates and acetates). The rate-enhancing effect of a 2-phenyl substituent in ethyl vinyl ether (5.81 -fold per β-hydrogen) is a little less than the corresponding effect in ethyl acetate. In the 2-phenylvinyl ethers both cis and trans phenyl groups produce slight rate acceleration, due to the combined effects of loss of conjugation on going to products, and increase in electron supply to the double bond. The trans compound is more reactive than the cis, confirming that the six-membered transition state for β-elimination is not planar. Aryl ring substituents in 1-arylvinyl isopropyl ethers produce only very small rate effects; the effects could not be determined for electron-supplying substituents because these induced very rapid oxidation to isopropyl benzoates, and atmospheric hydrolysis also occurs. Isopropyl 2-phenylvinyl ethers were likewise oxidized to benzaldehyde and isopropyl formate. 1-Arylethyl vinyl ethers eliminate abnormally rapidly with concurrent rearragements to aldehydes and other products.
Functional status and prosthesis use in amputees, measured with the Prosthetic Profile of the Amputee (PPA) and the short version of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP68) (2001)

Amputation of (a part of) the lower extremity will cause loss or disturbance of locomotion. With prosthetic devices and rehabilitation many amputees are able to restore their locomotive function as well as their social function. Maintenance or restoration of function after discharge is even more important. In rehabilitating amputees, prosthetic devices can improve mobility. Little is known about whether these devices will still be used at home after discharge and if the improvement in functioning is stable. To verify whether the treatment strategy of amputees is sufficient or needs to be modified, it is important to check if the goals of rehabilitation are achieved.<br/><br/>Outcome in amputees used to be related to mortality and cure, especially mobility, for example, by the Amputee Activity Score, a measure for activity, not related to age, sex or handicap (Day, 1981). Recently, ‘quality of life’ and ‘reintegration in normal life’ have been emphasized in measuring outcomes of rehabilitation programmes. Research on 42 amputees (Nissen and Newman, 1992) indicated that more attention should be paid to community, mobility, recreation and additional illnesses after amputation to improve reintegration to normal living.<br/><br/>The purpose of this study is to evaluate (1) the status at discharge and (2) the maintenance of physical functioning (including mobility) and psycho-social functioning after a follow-up period of 2 months after discharge from a rehabilitation setting. Since mobility is related to prosthesis use, prosthesis use is also evaluated.