gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predicting the Claisen rearrangement regioselectivity of allylindanyl and allyltetrahydronaphthalenyl ether derivatives by1H NMR experiments (2000)

The regioselectivity of the Claisen rearrangement of allylindanyl and allyltetrahydronaphthalenyl ether derivatives can be predicted by conformational preference detected by 1H NMR NOE difference spectra and T1 measurements. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
740. The reaction of copper with suspensions of nitrosyl perchlorate (1960)

B. J. Hathaway and A. E. Underhill, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 3705 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600003705
The Continuous Recording of Central Venous Pressure Changes from an Arm Vein (1956)

With the subject in the right lateral decubitus position, changes of central venous pressure can be recorded accurately and conveniently from a vein in the antecubital fossa of the dependent arm. Theoretically the hydrostatic, pressure transforms the venous bed between the heart and the site of puncture into uninterrupted wide channels with relatively low distensibility. Simultaneous recordings of pressure by the method described and by catheterization of the central veins showed that induced changes of central venous pressure were identically recorded from both sites. The mean pressure gradient between the peripheral and central veins was 35 mm. of water.
Conserved alternative splicing patterns and splicing signals in the Drosophila sodium channel gene para. (1995)

We cloned genomic DNA corresponding to the Drosophila virilis homologue of para, a gene encoding a sodium channel alpha-subunit, and obtained many partial cDNA clones from embryos and adults. Para protein has been well conserved, and the optional elements at six different sites of alternative splicing in D. melanogaster are present in D. virilis, in addition to one new optional exon. Among 31 different splice-types observed in D. virilis, the stage-specific pattern of alternative splicing seen in D. melanogaster is also conserved. Comparison of genomic DNA sequence revealed three aspects that vary between alternatively and constitutively used exon sequences. Sixteen short blocks (10-75 bp), the only recognizably conserved intron sequence, were disproportionately associated with alternatively used splice sites. Silent site substitutions were found much less frequently in alternative than constitutive exon elements, and the degree of match to the Drosophila splice site consensus tended to be lower at less frequently selected alternative splice junctions. This study shows that the developmentally regulated variability of para products is highly conserved and therefore likely to be of functional significance and suggests that a variety of different sequence-dependent mechanisms may regulate this pattern of alternative splicing.
New Insights and Enhanced Human Norovirus Cultivation in Human Intestinal Enteroids (2021)

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. We previously demonstrated human intestinal stem cell-derived enteroids (HIEs) support cultivation of several HuNoV strains. However, HIEs did not support virus replication from every HuNoV-positive stool sample, which led us to test and optimize new medium conditions, identify characteristics of stool samples that allow replication, and evaluate consistency of replication over time. Optimization of our HIE-HuNoV culture system has shown the following: (i) a new HIE culture medium made with conditioned medium from a single cell line and commercial media promotes robust replication of HuNoV strains that replicated poorly in HIEs grown in our original culture medium made with conditioned media from 3 separate cell lines; (ii) GI.1, 11 GII genotypes (GII.1, GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.6, GII.7, GII.8, GII.12, GII.13, GII.14, and GII.17), and six GII.4 variants can be cultivated in HIEs; (iii) successful replication is more likely with virus in stools with higher virus titers; (iv) GII.4_Sydney_2012 virus replication was reproducible over 3 years; and (v) HuNoV infection is restricted to the small intestine, based on replication of two viral strains in duodenal and ileal HIEs, but not colonoids, from two susceptible donors. These results improve the HIE culture system for HuNoV replication. Use of HIEs by several laboratories worldwide to study the molecular mechanisms that regulate HuNoV replication confirms the usefulness of this culture system, and our optimized methods for virus replication will advance the development of effective therapies and methods for virus control.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are highly contagious and cause acute and sporadic diarrheal illness in all age groups. In addition, chronic infections occur in immunocompromised cancer and transplant patients. These viruses are antigenically and genetically diverse, and there are strain-specific differences in binding to cellular attachment factors. In addition, new discoveries are being made on strain-specific differences in virus entry and replication and the epithelial cell response to infection in human intestinal enteroids. Human intestinal enteroids are a biologically relevant model to study HuNoVs; however, not all strains can be cultivated at this time. A complete understanding of HuNoV biology thus requires cultivation conditions that will allow the replication of multiple strains. We report optimization of HuNoV cultivation in human intestinal enteroid cultures to increase the numbers of cultivatable strains and the magnitude of replication, which is critical for testing antivirals, neutralizing antibodies, and methods of virus inactivation.
Rapid identification of structural phases in combinatorial thin-film libraries using x-ray diffraction and non-negative matrix factorization (2009)

In this work we apply a technique called non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to the problem of analyzing hundreds of x-ray microdiffraction (microXRD) patterns from a combinatorial materials library. An in-house scanning x-ray microdiffractometer is used to obtain microXRD patterns from 273 different compositions on a single composition spread library. NMF is then used to identify the unique microXRD patterns present in the system and quantify the contribution of each of these basis patterns to each experimental diffraction pattern. As a baseline, the results of NMF are compared to the results obtained using principle component analysis. The basis patterns found using NMF are then compared to reference patterns from a database of known structural patterns in order to identify known structures. As an example system, we explore a region of the Fe-Ga-Pd ternary system. The use of NMF in this case reduces the arduous task of analyzing hundreds of microXRD patterns to the much smaller task of identifying only nine microXRD patterns.
Histological findings in giant aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils (1995)

The authors report the pathological and histological findings in two patients with giant partially thrombosed aneurysms who were treated by means of Guglielmi detachable coils with subtotal occlusion of the aneurysms. Autopsies of these patients were performed 2 and 6 months after endovascular treatment. The histological findings revealed coils embedded in largely unorganized thrombus in the aneurysms; there was no clear reduction in size of the aneurysms over the period. There was no evidence of endothelialization of the aneurysm neck demonstrated in either case. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Polymeric peptide pigments with sequence-encoded properties (2017)

Designing molecular disorder Melanins are a group of natural pigments that are the primary factor affecting skin color. Lampel et al. examined a family of melanin-inspired materials based on tripeptides containing tyrosine as precursors for polymeric pigments. They found that the supramolecular organization of the tripeptide assembly is the most important factor for the enzymatic oxidation, with the position of the tyrosine residue playing a dominant role. Thus, simply juggling the order of the peptides allowed tuning of the optical and electrical properties of the resulting polymers. Science , this issue p. 1064
“Dueling” ESI: Instrumentation to study ion/ion reactions of electrospray-generated cations and anions (2002)

Novel instrumentation has been developed which allows for the sequential injection and subsequent reaction of oppositely-charged ions generated via electrospray ionization (ESI) in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. The instrument uses a DC turning quadrupole to sequentially direct the two ion polarities into the ion trap from ESI sources which are situated 90 degrees from the axial (z) dimension of the trap, and 180 degrees from one another. This arrangement significantly expands the range of ionic reactants amenable to study over previously-used instrumentation. For example, ion/ion reactions of multiply-charged positive ions with multiply-charged negative ions can be studied. Also, reactions of multiply-charged ions with singly-charged ions of opposite polarity that could not be generated by previously used ionization methods, or that could not be efficiently injected through the ion trap ring electrode, can be studied with the new instrument. This capability allows, for example, the charge state manipulation of negatively-charged precursor and product ions derived from proteins and oligonucleotides via proton transfer reactions with singly-charged cations generated by ESI.
Development and integration of the aquarius scatterometer processor/control electronics for achieving high measurement accuracy (2009)

The upcoming Aquarius sea-surface salinity mission has tight requirements on backscatter measurement accuracy and stability at L-band frequencies (1.26 GHz). These requirements have driven the development of new capabilities in the radar's backend detector electronics, which are the focus of this paper. Topics include the development of flight-grade hardware aboard the scatterometer for radio frequency interference (RFI) detection and mitigation, and analog/digital electronics design techniques that reduce system noise and yield highly linear power detection over a wide dynamic range. We also summarize the approach taken to test the scatterometer's processing and control functions at the level of the integrated Aquarius flight instrument, and present some recent results from the integrated testing campaign.
LUMBAR PUNCTURE AND THE PREVENTION OF POSTPUNCTURE HEADACHE (1926)

As the result of experiments made during 1923 and my experience since that time with the use of a small needle 1 having a round, sharp, tapering point, I am convinced that postpuncture headache is caused by trauma to the spinal dura sufficient to result in excessive leakage of cerebrospinal fluid to the point at which the brain is left without a water cushion. These experiments demonstrated that a greater trauma was produced by the use of a needle with a blunt cutting point than by a needle of the same caliber with a point rounded, tapering and sharp. It was also shown that leakage followed puncture of the spinal dura in every instance in which the membrane was suspended and filled with water, and that the amount of leakage was in direct relation to the size of the needle used (Fig. 1). The problem is, then, to do the
Evaluation of Trichoderma spp. and Clonostachys spp. Strains to Control Fusarium circinatum in Pinus radiata Seedlings (2011)

The fungus Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg & O'Donnell causes pine pitch canker, an important disease for conifers worldwide. F. circinatum was first detected in Chile in 2001 and to date is present in nurseries and clonal hedges from Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region to Los Ros Region. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of Trichoderma spp. and Clonostachys spp. strains to control F. circinatum in Pinus radiata D. Don seedlings in the absence of other effective control methods. Eighty-one Trichoderma spp. and Clonostachys spp. strains were evaluated through in vitro assays to determine their ability to act as antagonists of F. circinatum and 21 strains were tested for their ability to reduce post-emergence mortality and increase P. radiata survival under greenhouse conditions. During in vitro experiments, 15 strains of Trichoderma inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen by more than 60% and one strain of Clonostachys showed parasitism of F. circinatum hyphae. Greenhouse experiments showed no control of the disease when the antagonists were added to substrate after the pathogen. However, when the antagonists were added before the pathogen, four strains (Clonostachys UDC-32 and UDC-222 and Trichoderma UDC-23 and UDC-408) reduced post-emergence mortality between 80 and 100%. Among these strains, only Clonostachys UDC-222 significantly increased the survival of P. radiata seedlings. These results showed that Clonostachys UDC-222 has the potential to be used as a biocontrol agent against F. circinatum in the production of P. radiata plants.
Replication Protein A is Required for Etoposide-Induced Assembly of MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 Complex Repair Foci (2007)

The presence of DNA damage activates a specific response cascade culminating in DNA repair activity and cell cycle checkpoints. Although the type of lesion dictates what proteins are involved in the response, replication protein A (RPA) and the Mre11/ Rad50/Nbs1 complex (MRN) respond to most types of lesions. To examine the relationship of RPA and the MRN complex in DNA damage responses, we used siRNA-mediated protein depletion of RPA-p70 and Mre11. Depletion of RPA-p70 decreased the ability of cells to form phospho-Nbs1 foci and increased levels of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) following treatment with etoposide (ETOP). In contrast, depletion of Mre11 led to increased levels of RPA-p34 foci formation, but abrogated phospho-RPA-p34 foci formation. These data support a role for RPA as an initial signal/sensor for DNA damage that facilitates recruitment of MRN and ATM/ATR to sites of damage, where they then work together to fully activate the DNA damage response.
High-speed high-resolution OCT imaging of the retina with frequency swept lasers at 850 nm (2007)

Ophthalmic OCT was performed using a novel, compact external cavity semiconductor laser at ~850 nm. Retinal imaging was demonstrated with a resolution of <7 microns in tissue at a speed of 16,000 axial scans per second. The coherence length of the laser is >10 mm, enabling an axial measurement range of ~2.5 mm. Real-time display and data streaming capabilities enable video-rate imaging of the retina at >30 frames per second. High-definition and three-dimensional imaging were demonstrated on normal retinas. The resolution of <7 microns in the retina is, to our knowledge, the highest resolution achieved in the retina with swept source OCT to date. The long coherence length of the laser enables high-sensitivity measurements over a large axial measurement range. The speed of 16,000 axial scans per second is comparable to current spectrometer-based spectral/Fourier domain OCT systems. The low cost and small footprint of our laser (~10 cm x 20 cm) may enable the development of OCT for novel applications. Further improvements in speed will be possible by using alternative scanning methods.
Microbial Degradation of Haloaromatics (1988)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Management of Sepsis (2006)

A better understanding of the inflammatory, procoagulant, and immunosuppressive aspects of sepsis has contributed to rational therapeutic plans. This review considers optimal management of sepsis from the point of early, goal-directed therapy, lung-protective ventilation, antibiotics, and additional therapies, such as activated protein C, as well as the use of corticosteroids, vasopressin, and intensive insulin.
Esters of Dithiodiglycolic Acid (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEsters of Dithiodiglycolic AcidJohn F. Mulvaney, James G. Murphy, and Ralph L. EvansCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 3, 1069Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01183a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01183a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetic and dietary regulation of lipid droplet expansion in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2010)

Dietary fat accumulates in lipid droplets or endolysosomal compartments that undergo selective expansion under normal or pathophysiological conditions. We find that genetic defects in a peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway cause size expansion in lipid droplets that are distinct from the lysosome-related organelles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Expansion of lipid droplets is accompanied by an increase in triglycerides (TAG) that are resistant to fasting- or TAG lipase-triggered lipolysis. Nevertheless, in mutant animals, a diet poor in vaccenic acid reduced the TAG level and lipid droplet size. Our results implicate peroxisomal dysfunction in pathologic lipid droplet expansion in animals and illustrate how dietary factors modulate the phenotype of such genetic defects.
Mutations in <i>LAMB2</i> causing a severe form of synaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome (2009)

This case, which represents a new type of synaptic CMS, exemplifies the wide variability of phenotypes associated with LAMB2 mutations and underscores the fundamental role that laminin beta2 plays in the development of the human neuromuscular junction.
The Aged in State Housing Commission Accommodations in Perth, W.A. (1973)

In Australia, males of 65 years and over and females of 60 years are generally regarded as aged persons. Social service and other pensions are payable to this age group. Service pensions are payable to males at 60 years of age.
‘If’ (2) (1966)

Journal Article ‘If’ (2) Get access H. V. GEORGE H. V. GEORGE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELT Journal, Volume XX, Issue 3, May 1966, Pages 232–239, https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/XX.3.232 Published: 01 May 1966
Femtosecond and picosecond laser drilling of metals at high repetition rates and average powers (2009)

The influence of pulse duration on the laser drilling of metals at repetition rates of up to 1 MHz and average powers of up to 70 W has been experimentally investigated using an ytterbium-doped-fiber chirped-pulse amplification system with pulses from 800 fs to 19 ps. At a few hundred kilohertz particle shielding causes an increase in the number of pulses for breakthrough, depending on the pulse energy and duration. At higher repetition rates, the heat accumulation effect overbalances particle shielding, but significant melt ejection affects the hole quality. Using femtosecond pulses, heat accumulation starts at higher repetition rates, and the ablation efficiency is higher compared with picosecond pulses.
Fused-silica focusing lens for deep UV laser processing (1992)

A simple four-element fused-silica lens is presented that has a focal length of 31.2 mm and a relative aperture of f/1 for use as a focusing lens for deep UV laser processing. The curvature of the lens is designed with a practical design method to match the curvature of existing optical tools. By applying an 8.5-mm beam diameter Nd:YAG laser at a wavelength of 266 nm through the lens, we can easily achieve the percussion drilled into samples of 25-microm-thick tantalum foil with a hole diameter of <6 microm. When the lens and/or the sample is tilted, the shape of the drilled hole is in agreement with the Gaussian beam spot simulation.
<title>The Binomial Window</title> (1980)

A signal processing window based on the binomial distribution function is presented. Being a discrete form of the normal distribution, it offers the minimum uncertainty of 1/4π when locating periodic components in sampled data. Low, high and band pass forms are shown for processing two-dimensional data in rectangular and hexagonal tessellation. Real time convolution of dynamic imagery avoiding high speed multiplication is provided by a cascade of the first order binomial cell. Applications include feature extraction and image enhancement, which because of the low sidelobe characteristics of the window avoids aliasing. The convolution process avoids block type artifacts and the binomial function reduces location uncertainty. An example of processing with a band pass form approximating the spatial response of the human retina is shown. Other band pass applications include edge extraction using the location of zero crossings of the windowed output, also the screening and location of objects based upon their size, aspect or form.
Characterization of rofecoxib as a cyclooxygenase-2 isoform inhibitor and demonstration of analgesia in the dental pain model (1999)

Rofecoxib inhibited COX-2 without evidence of COX-1 inhibition, even at oral doses of up to 1000 mg. Nonetheless, rofecoxib showed analgesic activity indistinguishable from that observed with ibuprofen, a nonisoform-selective COX inhibitor. These results support the hypothesis that the analgesic effects of NSAIDs primarily derive from inhibition of COX-2.
The value of monitoring frozen section-permanent section correlation data over time. (2006)

Long-term monitoring of frozen-permanent section correlation is associated with sustained improvement in performance.
Design of a CPW-fed Ultra Wideband Crown Circular Fractal Antenna (2006)

A new ultra wideband antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) is presented in this paper. A fractal structure is constructed to obtain ultra wideband (UWB) performance. The parameters and characteristics of the antenna and the simulation results show that the 6:1 or more bandwidth is achieved with the second order iterative antenna structure
Methods of Planning and Regulating Employment (1984)

In the effort to make employment policy a reality two instruments are used: the planning and the regulation of employment. The purpose of planning is to set aims within the bounds of employment policy, whereas the purpose of regulation is to ensure that the plans will be achieved by using also other methods than planning. The examination starts with planning on the macroeconomic level; planning for and in the microsphere is discussed in the framework of employment regulation.