gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Cloning of a cDNA for Proctase B from<i>Aspergillus niger</i>var.<i>macrosporus</i>and Sequence Comparison with Other Aspergillopepsins I (1995)

A cDNA for proctase B from Aspergillus niger var. macrosporus was isolated and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence (394 residues) of the preproform of the enzyme was highly homologous (98% identify) with those of aspergillopepsins I from A. awamori and A. saitoi, and moderately homologous (68% identity) with that of A. oryzae. Most of the sequence differences were found in the carboxyl-terminal domain.
A course in electrical engineering. V. 2. Alternating currents (1922)

IV POLYPHASE SysTEMs ay ei 42. Reasons for the Cine ot Polyplase Currents. Vey 43. Symbolic Notation. . . . > ies o i 44. Generation of a Three-phase Current. a tere t s 45. Y-connection. .. . 46. Delta-connection Methods of Measuring Power in Threshane System 47. Three-wattmeter Method. .... . Rae 48. Two-wattmeter Method Two-phase Systems. 49. Quarter-phase or Two-phase: Svatems (Somatines Called Four-phase).
Security issues related with DNS dynamic updates for mobile nodes (2010)

In today's heterogeneous wireless environment mobile nodes can move across different networks. This movement can cause to change the IP address of the mobile node thus, making it unreachable for other nodes in the network. In order to be available for other nodes, mobile node needs some location management mechanism. DNS dynamic updates have been proposed to be used as location manager for many transport layer mobility management protocols. Although secure dynamic DNS updates are used for location management however, we have found that these secure updates are also susceptible to certain security issues. In this paper, we have highlighted many of these issues and discussed solutions that address these security issues. It has also been found that many of these attacks are interdependent on each other.
Telephone Interference from A-C. Generators Feeding Directly on Line with Neutral Grounded (1930)

The problem of telephone interference from a-c. generators feeding directly on the line with neutral grounded is discussed. It is shown that the triple and non-triple harmonics in the voltage wave shape cause currents which flow in different paths on the power system. As a result of this, the induction on paralleling telephone lines per ampere of triple harmonic is greater than the induction per ampere for a non-triple harmonic on a balanced power system. A method of measurement which would allow a rough comparison of the effects to be expected from both types of harmonics is suggested. This is based upon using the apparatus already available and setting up special connections for test. Data are given showing the results of such measurements made in the factory on a number of machines while they were being tested. Analyses are given of the wave shape of machines which gave rise to cases of interference. References are given to some of the data already published on methods which have been applied to relieve such situations.
N-C<sub>α</sub> bond cleavage of the peptide backbone via hydrogen abstraction (2001)

The specific cleavage of N-Cα bonds on the peptide backbone to form the so-called ‘c’ and ‘z + 2’ products, which can be used for the rapid determination of protein amino-acid sequences, has been examined to clarify the mechanism(s) that occur during hydrogen abstraction induced by bombardment with 337-nm laser photons in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) method. Intramolecular hydrogen abstraction, which results from the hydrogen(s) on the Cα or Cβ carbon, did not occur with a deuterium-labeled dodecapeptide. To confirm a proposition that intermolecular hydrogen abstraction occurs between the peptide and the MALDI matrix, a deuterium dodecapeptide embedded in a deuterium 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid matrix at a molar ratio of 1:7000 was analyzed. The resulting deuterium c product ions suggested that c ions form via intermolecular hydrogen abstraction, although the results obtained did not deny any other possibilities such as intramolecular transfer of labile hydrogen. A mechanism for the N-Cα bond cleavage has been proposed that the formation of hypervalent radical species and subsequent prompt bond cleavages occur. The proposed mechanism successfully rationalizes the formation of both the z + 2 and the c product ions.
Signal‐to‐noise ratio and spectral linewidth improvements between 1.5 and 7 Tesla in proton echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging (2006)

This study characterizes gains in sensitivity and spectral resolution of proton echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (PEPSI) with increasing magnetic field strength (B(0)). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per unit volume and unit time, and intrinsic linewidth (LW) of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho) were measured with PEPSI at 1.5, 3, 4, and 7 Tesla on scanners that shared a similar software and hardware platform, using circularly polarized (CP) and eight-channel phased-array (PA) head coils. Data were corrected for relaxation effects and processed with a time-domain matched filter (MF) adapted to each B(0). The SNR and LW measured with PEPSI were very similar to those measured with conventional point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) SI. Measurements with the CP coil demonstrated a nearly linear SNR gain with respect to B(0) in central brain regions. For the PA coil, the SNR-B(0) relationship was less than linear, but there was a substantial SNR increase in comparison to the CP coil. The LW in units of ppm decreased with B(0), resulting in improved spectral resolution. These studies using PEPSI demonstrated linear gains in SNR with respect to B(0), consistent with theoretical expectations, and a decrease in ppm LW with increasing B(0).
Rationally Improved Chiral Brønsted Acid for Catalytic Enantioselective Allylboration of Aldehydes with an Expanded Reagent Scope (2009)

One of the most useful reactions in organic synthesis, the stereocontrolled addition of allylic metal reagents to carbonyl compounds, provides access to enantiomerically enriched homoallylic alcohols related to the acetate, propionate, and other oxygen-containing functionalities present in a large number of biologically active natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. In the search for an ideal carbonyl allylation methodology, the catalytic enantioselective allylboration presents numerous advantages such as a high chemo-, diastereo-, and enantiocontrol with stable and nontoxic pinacol allylic boronates. This article reports a rationally improved diol·SnCl4 complex as chiral protic acid catalyst, which provides unprecedented levels of enantioselectivity in the catalytic allylation, methallylation, crotylation, and 2-bromoallylation of aliphatic aldehydes. The new diol, p-F-Vivol (4b), enables a more active diol·SnCl4 catalyst that can compete more effectively with the background uncatalyzed allylboration. The usefulness of this optimized catalytic allylboration methodology was demonstrated with an efficient synthesis of the naturally occurring pyranone (+)-dodoneine and to the preparation of biologically important exomethylene-γ-lactones.
Therapeutic Immunization with HIV-1 Tat Reduces Immune Activation and Loss of Regulatory T-Cells and Improves Immune Function in Subjects on HAART (2010)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00751595.
Information Theoretic Security (2009)

The topic of information theoretic security is introduced and the principal results in this area are reviewed. The basic wire-tap channel model is considered first, and then several specific types of wire-tap channels are considered, including Gaussian, multi-input multi-output (MIMO), compound, and feedback wire-tap channels, as well as the wire-tap channel with side information. Practical code design techniques to achieve secrecy for wire-tap channels are also introduced. The wire-tap formalism is then extended to the basic channels of multi-user networks, including broadcast channels, multiple-access channels (MACs), interference channels, relay channels and two-way channels. For all of these models, results on the fundamental communication limits under secrecy constraints and corresponding coding schemes are reviewed. Furthermore, several related topics including key agreement through common randomness, secure network coding, authentication, cross-layer design, and secure source coding are discussed.
Study of Three Systems of Ozonized Coconut Oil (2005)

Abstract In the present study, the products from the ozonation of three systems (ozonized coconut oil, ozonized coconut oil with water and ozonized coconut oil with ethanol) are characterized and compared statistically. Peroxide, acidity and viscosity indexes were determined. The reaction products were identified by 1H NMR and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. The ozonized coconut oil with ethanol showed the highest peroxide and acidity indexes. This result suggests that in presence of ethanol a greater peroxide decomposition occurs leading to greater acid formation. The variation coefficients obtained in the analysis methods were smaller than 10%. Reaction products were identified as ozonides and aldehydes compounds. The highest action spectrum of antimicrobial activity by Staphylococcus aureus was obtained with the ozonized coconut oil with water and ethanol systems.
Analyzing Professional English Learning Needs and Situations of Science and Language Majors in a Chinese University (2019)

This article reports an investigative study of professional language learning needs of science and language majors in the Chinese university context. Surveys with both rating and open-ended questions and participant observation were conducted with 158 participants from science and language programs who enrolled in business English courses in the Chinese university in February 2017. The results show that science and language majors had different purposes for learning professional English as they had discipline specific learning needs. Language majors had more communication with English users than science majors. However both science and language majors reported limited English language use and learning out of class. There were difficulties in English learning due to lack of motivation and interest. Based on the results, suggestions are offered for teaching improvement. This study has positive implications for college English teaching reform in both China and worldwide context.
Minimum Mean-Squared-Error Quantization in Speech PCM and DPCM Systems (1972)

The optimum (minimum mean-squared-error) and optimum uniform quantizing characteristics for Laplacian- and gamma-distributed signals are given in tabular form. The performance of these quantizers in real speech pulse-code modulation (PCM) and differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) systems is investigated and compared with that obtained when the μ-law quantizing characteristic is used.
Exploiting multipath activity using low complexity equalisation techniques for high speed wireless LANs (2002)

Recent developments have shown that there is considerable interest in wireless high-speed communications. While increasing data rates causes ISI cancellation problems, it also provides the opportunity to benefit from additional multipath diversity. The use of such diversity is not unique to equalised TDMA systems, indeed it has already been exploited in CDMA systems through the RAKE receiver. This paper introduces a new decision feedback equaliser (DFE) based on the use of a channel matched filter (CMF). The DFE coefficients are directly calculated from the uniform power delay profile of the CMF. The ISI cancellation accuracy obtained using this method is comparable to the conventional RLS-Kalman algorithm, however the computation load is significantly reduced. Performance comparisons and implementation benchmarks are given for an indoor 24 Mb/s (HIPERLAN) application.
Insomnia in Young Men and Subsequent Depression: The Johns Hopkins Precursors Study (1997)

The Johns Hopkins Precursors Study, a long-term prospective study, was used to study the relation between self-reported sleep disturbances and subsequent clinical depression and psychiatric distress. A total of 1,053 men provided information on sleep habits during medical school at The Johns Hopkins University (classes of 1948-1964) and have been followed since graduation. During a median follow-up period of 34 years (range 1-45), 101 men developed clinical depression (cumulative incidence at 40 years, 12.2%), including 13 suicides. In Cox proportional hazards analysis adjusted for age at graduation, class year, parental history of clinical depression, coffee drinking, and measures of temperament, the relative risk of clinical depression was greater in those who reported insomnia in medical school (relative risk (RR) 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-3.3) compared with those who did not and greater in those with difficulty sleeping under stress in medical school (RR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.7) compared with those who did not report difficulty. There were weaker associations for those who reported poor quality of sleep (RR 1.6, 95% CI 0.9-2.9) and sleep duration of 7 hours or less (RR 1.5, 95% CI 0.9-2.3) with development of clinical depression. Similar associations were observed between reports of sleep disturbances in medical school and psychiatric distress assessed in 1988 by the General Health Questionnaire. These findings suggest that insomnia in young men is indicative of a greater risk for subsequent clinical depression and psychiatric distress that persists for at least 30 years.
Regulation of basal cellular physiology by the homeostatic unfolded protein response (2010)

The extensive membrane network of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is physically juxtaposed to and functionally entwined with essentially all other cellular compartments. Therefore, the ER must sense diverse and constantly changing physiological inputs so it can adjust its numerous functions to maintain cellular homeostasis. A growing body of new work suggests that the unfolded protein response (UPR), traditionally charged with signaling protein misfolding stress from the ER, has been co-opted for the maintenance of basal cellular homeostasis. Thus, the UPR can be activated, and its output modulated, by signals far outside the realm of protein misfolding. These findings are revealing that the UPR causally contributes to disease not just by its role in protein folding but also through its broad influence on cellular physiology.
The atomic-fluorescence determination of mercury by the cold vapour technique (1971)

A method for the determination of low levels of mercury by using atomic fluorescence in conjunction with the cold vapour technique is described, and shows significant advantages over the corresponding absorption technique.
Affinity separations: a practical approach (1997)

1: Recent developments in affinity separation technologies. 2: Quantitative affinity chromatography. 3: Affinity separations of proteins. 4: Affinity separation of nucleic acids. 5: Affinity chromatography of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides. 6: Immunoaffinity and IgG receptor technologies. 7: Designer affinity purifications of recombinant proteins. 8: Affinity separations of cells. Appendix: list of suppliers
Expression of <i>Clarkia S</i>‐linalool synthase in transgenic petunia plants results in the accumulation of <i>S</i>‐linalyl‐β‐<scp>d</scp>‐glucopyranoside (2001)

Petunia hybrida W115 was transformed with a Clarkia breweri S-linalool synthase cDNA (lis). Lis was expressed in all tissues analysed, and linalool was detected in leaves, sepals, corolla, stem and ovary, but not in nectaries, roots, pollen and style. However, the S-linalool produced by the plant in the various tissues is not present as free linalool, but was efficiently converted to non-volatile S-linalyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside by the action of endogenous glucosyltransferase. The results presented demonstrate that monoterpene production can be altered by genetic modification, and that the compounds produced can be converted by endogenous enzymatic activity.
Safety and Effectiveness of Cranial Electrotherapy in the Treatment of Tension Headache (1989)

One hundred patients were enrolled in a multicenter double-blind study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Pain Suppressor Unit, a cranial electrotherapy stimulator for the symptomatic treatment of tension headaches. Treatment consisted of extremely low level, high frequency current applied transcranially. Pain scores before and after 20 minute treatments of individual headaches as well as patient and physician global evaluations were the primary efficacy variables. Following use of the active unit, patients reported an average reduction in pain intensity of approximately 35%. Placebo patients reported a reduction of approximately 18%. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.01). The active unit was rated as moderately or highly effective in 40% by physicians, and in 36% by patients. Both physicians and patients scored the placebo unit moderately or highly effective for only 16%. The difference in ordered outcomes was statistically significant (p = 0.004). Approximately 10% of patients in each group reported at least one minor adverse experience. Cranial electrotherapy stimulation is distinct from TENS, and is safe and often effective in ameliorating the pain intensity of tension headaches. It should be considered as an alternative to the chronic usage of analgesics.
Evaluation of diamide insecticides co‐applied with other agrochemicals at various times to manage <i>Ostrinia nubilalis</i> in processing snap bean (2015)

Diamides are an alternative to pyrethroids for the management of O. nubilalis in snap bean. Adoption of diamides by snap bean growers could improve the efficiency of production by reducing the number of sprays required each season.
SiC reinforced-MoSi sub 2 based matrix composites (1990)

SiC reinforced-MoSi{sub 2} based matrix composites possess very significant potential as high temperature structural materials for temperatures above 1200{degree}C in oxidizing environments, due to their combination of oxidation resistance, thermodynamic stability, machinability, elevated temperature ductility and strength, and ability to alloy the MoSi{sub 2} matrix with other silicides. The fabrication, microstructures, oxidation, and mechanical properties of these materials are described, and their current properties are compared to high temperature metals and structural ceramics. 22 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Compliant bumps for adhesive flip chip assembly (2002)

Flip-chip-on-glass (FCOG) is susceptible to electrical opens for a variety of reasons including, but not limited to, movement in the z-axis caused by flip chip adhesive CTE and water absorption of the adhesive. Flip chip assembly to cofired ceramic and laminate substrates suffers from these problems as well as others, such as bow or twist in the substrate and bond pad height irregularities. Success with adhesive flip chip connections to these substrates has, to date, been limited. Commercially available adhesives have either failed to produce reliable bonds, or have suffered from long cure time or a lack of reworkability. A solution to these problems has been demonstrated by forming compliant bumps on the chip or substrate bond pads using a photoimagible polymer coated with a thin layer of gold. Bumps 17 /spl mu/m tall with diameters between 17 /spl mu/m and 95 /spl mu/m have been fabricated and bonded. The resulting compliant bump structure provides 30% of the bump height (5 /spl mu/m) within the elastic compression range. This compliance eliminates many of the demands placed on the assembly adhesives by other electrical contacting methods (such as solid metal bumps or particles). Compliant bumps allow the use of commercially available, fast curing, easily reworkable adhesives for reliable flip chip assembly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lipid Oxidation in Biological and Food Systems (1995)

Lipids form one of the major bulk constituents in food and other biological systems. This group of organic biomolecules can be classified into three groups: simple lipids (triglycerides, steryl esters, and wax esters), compound lipids (phospholipids, glycolipids, sphingolipids, and lipoproteins), and derived lipids (fatty acids, fatsoluble vitamins and provitamins, sterols, terpenoids, and ethers). Lipids occur in animals and plants either as storage lipids, which are potential sources of energy by beta oxidation, or as membrane lipids. Storage lipids are triglycerides, whereas membrane lipids include phospholipids, sterols, sphingolipids, and glycolipids. Many foods of plant origin contain highly unsaturated lipids. Lipids of animal origin have lower levels of unsaturated lipids, but they contain certain amounts of the higher unsaturated fatty acids.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus spores host bacteria and their biofilm efficient in nutrient biodynamics and soil-borne plant pathogen suppression (2011)

Abstract The combination of bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) would be ideal for nutrient biodvnamics in soils and protection from soil-borne plant pathogens (SBPP). During the process of plant colonization AMF interact with bacteria where spores cytoplasm and hvphae provide specific niches for certain populations of bacteria. The clarification of the relationship AMF-bacteria has great potential for sustainable agriculture. The currently research aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria. Which we have designated most probable endobacteria (MPE) from an AMF spore. Three bacterial strains were taken from about 500 spores by using a 200 &x00B5;m diameter hvpodermic needle. These bacteria were identified by DNA and morphological methods. Antagonism to SBPP (Pythium ultimum NBRC 100123, Fusarium oxyxporum f. sp. lactucae MAFF 744088, Rhizoctonia solani MAFF 237426 and Roselinia necatrix - isolated from a Japanese apricot (Prunus mume) by Dr. Norihiko Kobayashi), P solubilization, ethylene production, nitrogenase activity and stimulation of AMF hyphal growth were evaluated. Here we show that the bacteria strongly functioned on nutrient biodynamics (P solubilization and Nitrogenase activity), ethylene production, protection from SBPP and stimulation of AMF hyphal growth. In addition, fresh samples of spores and hyphae were observed and photographed with a new type of scanning electronic microscope (SEM) (FEI Co., Quanta 250FEG), where the hyphae and spores with bacterial slime could be detected. Our results demonstrated the importance of bacteria associated to AMF for the soil ecology having a substantial mpact on sustainability. More specifically, the methods of extraction by ultra-thin needle reveled species associated to AMF, probably from inside spores. Moreover, the observation of bacterial biofilm showed a physical structure that the bacteria could form surround spores and hyphae to help AMF.
Hospital Admissions for Adverse Effects of Medicinal Agents (Mainly Self-Poisoning) Among Adolescents in the Oxford Region (1982)

Hospital statistics for episodes coded as adverse effects of medicinal agents' were used to study deliberate self-poisoning among people aged 12-20 years in the Oxford Region. Admission rates rose sharply from the age of 12 years, more so for females than males, up to the age of 16 years in females and 18 years in males. Analgesics, antipyretics and psychotropic drugs were the agents most commonly used by both sexes and accounted for three-quarters of all admissions. Admission rates varied from year to year, but increased overall between 1974 and 1979, notably among people under 16 years of age. Admissions for 'adverse effects of medicinal agents' accounted for 4.7 per cent of all general admissions among people aged 12-20 years.