gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
pH‐Responsive Microrods Produced by Electric‐Field‐Induced Aggregation of Colloidal Particles (2007)

Poly(2-vinylpyridine) microgel particles and polystyrene latex are aggregated in an alternating electric field to produce a new class of microrods. An electric field simultaneously accelerates the aggregation of oppositely charged particles, and templates the aggregates into linear structures. Rods up to 100 μm in length can be reversibly extended by 20 % by a change in solution pH because of the swelling properties of the microgel particles (see figure).
Spin-polarized tunneling in room-temperature mesoscopic spin valves (2004)

We study optimization of spin injection and detection both at 4.2K and at room temperature using a metallic mesoscopic spin valve structure with tunneling interfaces between the ferromagnetic electrodes (CoFe or NiFe) and the central metallic conductor (Al). We investigate the influence of the barrier transparency on the spin polarization of the tunneling electrons by varying the O2 exposure of the Al film before depositing the ferromagnetic electrodes. An increase of the polarization from ∼10% to 16% (25% at 4.2K) is observed as the resistance of the junction is increased from 100to700Ωμm2. A spin transresistance as high as 2.5Ω is obtained at 4.2K.
Athermal colourless C-band optical transmitter for passive optical networks (2010)

A new control algorithm with reduced mode-hopping is demonstrated for uncooled WDM C-band channel generation from a DS-DBR laser with 100GHz spacing and low thermal drift up to 70°C. 10Gb/s external modulation with transmission over a 25km link is achieved.
Biochemically functionalized silica nanoparticles (2001)

In this report, we demonstrate the biochemical modification of silica based nanoparticles. Both pure and dye-doped silica nanoparticles were prepared, and their surfaces were modified with enzymes and biocompatible chemical reagents that allow them to function as biosensors and biomarkers. The nanoparticles produced in this work are uniform in size with a 1.6% relative standard deviation. They have a pure silica surface and can thus be modified easily with many biomolecules for added biochemical functionality. Specifically, we have modified the nanoparticle surfaces with enzyme molecules (glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and a biocompatible reagent for cell membrane staining. Experimental results show that the silica nanoparticles are a good biocompatible solid support for enzyme immobilization. The immobilized enzyme molecules on the nanoparticle surface have shown excellent enzymatic activity in their respective enzymatic reactions. The nanoparticle surface biochemical functionalization demonstrates the feasibility of using nanoparticles for biosensing and biomarking applications.
Discrete Frequency Noise Generation From an Axial Flow Fan Blade Row (1970)

An analysis is presented which treats the noise generation from an axial flow fan row by given forces including the effects of a moving medium. The linearization of Euler’s equations to yield tractable problems for fan noise is discussed. The three-dimensional problem is decomposed into several two-dimensional problems. Finally, full details are given of a two-dimensional analysis to predict the amounts of acoustic energy, at the blade passing frequency and its harmonics, radiated up and downstream of a blade row due to its interaction with a neighboring row.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Formation Principles and Reactivity of Organolithium Compounds (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The structural elements of hirudin which bind to the fibrinogen recognition site of thrombin are exclusively located within its acidic C‐terminal tail (1990)

Six lysyl residues of human thrombin (LysB21, LysB52, LysB65, LysB106, LysB107 and LysB154) have been previously shown to participate in the binding site of hirudin, a thrombin-specific inhibitor [(1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 7141-7146]. In this report, we attempted to delineate the region of hirudin which binds to these basic amino acids of thrombin. Using the N-terminal core domains (r-Hir1-43 and r-Hir1-52) derived from recombinant hirudins and synthetic C-terminal peptides (Hir40-65 and Hir52-65)--all fragments form complexes with thrombin--we are able to demonstrate that the structural elements of hirudin which account for the shielding of these 6 lysyl residues are exclusively located within the acidic C-terminal region. Since hirudin C-terminal peptides were shown to bind to a non-catalytic site of thrombin and inhibit its interaction with fibrinogen [(1987) FEBS Lett. 211, 10-16], our data consequently imply that these 6 lysyl residues are constituents of the fibrinogen recognition site of thrombin.
Present Status and Future Prospect of Widegap Semiconductor High-Power Devices (2006)

High-power device technology is a key technological factor for wireless communication, which is one of the information network infrastructures in the 21st century, as well as power electronics innovation, which contributes considerably to solving the energy saving problem in the future energy network. Widegap semiconductors, such as SiC and GaN, are strongly expected as high-power high-frequency devices and high-power switching devices owing to their material properties. In this paper, the present status and future prospect of these widegap semiconductor high-power devices are reviewed, in the context of applications in wireless communication and power electronics.
Microstructure of Laser-Fired, Sol−Gel-Derived Tungsten Oxide Films (1996)

Half-micron-thick tungsten oxide films were deposited by the sol−gel method onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated soda lime silicate substrates. Following a 100 °C prebake, the samples were fired with a carbon dioxide laser at a variety of power densities and translation speeds. The laser-fired tungsten oxide films were characterized by spectrophotometry, electrochemistry, multiangle ellipsometry, and transmission electron microscopy and compared to similar furnace-fired films. The data showed an increase in electrochromic response with increased firing temperature up to the point where crystallization of the tungsten oxide retarded electrochromic response. A window with graded electrochromic properties was made by laser firing.
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of GSK364735, a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase Inhibitor, following Single and Repeated Administration in Healthy Adult Subjects (2007)

GSK364735 is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase strand transfer inhibitor with potent in vitro antiviral activity. This study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose escalation, phase I study to assess single- and repeated-dose safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and food effect of GSK364735 in healthy subjects. In part A, three alternating cohorts of 10 subjects (8 receiving the active drug and 2 receiving a placebo) received single doses of 50 to 400 mg while fasting or 200 mg and 400 mg coadministered with food. In part B, five cohorts received repeated doses of 100 to 600 mg daily coadministered with food for 8 days. Safety was assessed throughout the study. Serial blood samples were analyzed for GSK364735 plasma concentrations using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. PK parameters were estimated using noncompartmental methods. Seventy-nine (30 in part A and 49 in part B) subjects were enrolled and received GSK364735 or placebo. GSK364735 was readily absorbed following oral dose administration, with the maximum concentration achieved between 0.75 to 5.0 h postdose. GSK364735 exposure increased less than dose proportionally, demonstrated wide variability, and appeared to reach a plateau at 100- to 200-mg doses. Food increased GSK364735 exposure by 28 to 91%. GSK364735 was safe and well tolerated after single- and repeated-dose administration. No serious or severe adverse events (AEs) or AEs leading to withdrawal and few drug-related AEs were reported. Despite solubility-limited absorption, GSK364735 exceeded therapeutic trough concentrations for the majority of doses studied. The PK and safety profile supported the continued investigation of GSK364735 in HIV-infected subjects.
Surface Characteristics of Kaolinite and Other Selected Two Layer Silicate Minerals (2007)

Abstract The electrokinetic features and interfacial water structure, as revealed from molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) are considered with respect to the anisotropic features of selected two layer silicate minerals. Planar structures of kaolinite and antigorite are compared to the, compositionally equivalent, tubular structures of halloysite and chrysotile with respect to the pH dependency of zeta potential as determined from the electrophoretic mobility measurements. The importance of the atomic mismatch between the tetrahedral and octahedral sheets in a particular bilayer is discussed in order to explain the electrokinetic behaviour of these two layer silicate minerals. Interfacial water structure from MDS suggests that the silica tetrahedral surface is not wetted by water. In the case of planar silicates structural imperfections are considered to explain wetting characteristics. The possibility of polarity reversal (domain inversion) within a tetrahedral/octahedral layer and an out‐of‐order layer (inserted layer) within the tetrahedral/octahedral stack are considered in order to explain electrokinetic behaviour and wetting characteristics.
Survey of Methods for Evaporation Control (1963)

This article presents an AWWA task group report on evaporation control as a technological necessity in many areas of the country. The report presents a summary of several methods to control evaporation that include: site location; avoiding extensive areas having shallow water depths; avoiding non‐beneficial, water‐consuming phreatophyte plants; considering windbreaks; using floating covers, consisting of reflective materials such as white polyethylene spheres; considering seepage and water loss; and, using monomolecular films to reduce evaporation by damping the microwaves (ripples) and interposing an additional physical resistance. Lessons from field trials are discussed, along with computation of water savings, and evaluation of control compounds.
Distribution of a Take-All Suppressive Strain of <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> on Seminal Roots of Winter Wheat (1984)

An antibiotic-resistant strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens, that suppresses take-all of wheat, was used to study the distribution of the bacteria on seminal roots of wheat after being introduced onto seeds. Cells of P. fluorescens were isolated from the entire length of the root, and density of the introduced bacteria declined with the distance from the base of the root. Maximum populations of 10 to 10 CFU and 10 to 10 CFU per cm of root were detected on sections of roots near the seed and root tip, respectively. The introduced bacteria competed well with indigenous bacteria, comprising at least 25% of the fluorescent pseudomonads detected by plate counts for 48 days after planting.
Glassification of electric arc furnace dust (1993)

The Glassification process is a unique system that treats hazardous materials such as electric arc furnace dust, slag, spent refractories, etc, and produces an inert, nontoxic marketable commodity. A wide variety of end products include: colored glasses; glass-ceramics that resemble natural rocks used for architectural purposes and decorative articles; roofing granules; abrasive grit; brick and tile colorants; and fillers. This paper describes the process.
Properly Use Effect of Capillary Number on Residual Oil Saturation (2011)

Abstract Heterogeneity of the hydrocarbon reservoirs can be defined in pore level or macroscopic scale. Pore level heterogeneity such as pore size and structure controls the quantity of hydrocarbon left (residual saturation) during production, whereas macroscopic heterogeneity determines zones that injected fluid sweeps (Franklin, 1994). During simulation of a reservoir, macroscopic heterogeneity is represented by assigning different rock properties (e.g. permeability and porosity) for different simulation grid blocks. However, due to complex nature of pore entrapment mechanisms, it is only possible to represent pore scale heterogeneity with empirical correlations. Capillary Desaturation Curve (CDC) is a suitable correlation that links residual hydrocarbon saturation to physical properties of a given reservoir in pore scale. Therefore, accurate representation of CDC pattern can be critical for Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) processes evaluation as pore information is used as the basis for residual saturation prediction. Application of CDC data for reservoir simulation and IOR has been reviewed here accordingly.
Infertility: Avoidance of triplet pregnancies by elective transfer of two good quality embryos (1993)

Attempts to increase the probability of a successful pregnancy in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment by increasing the number of embryos transferred automatically also increase the probability of multiple pregnancies and their attendant risks. Even where the number of transferred embryos is limited to a maximum of three as in this and other centres, there is a high incidence of twins and triplets. The question therefore arises whether the number of transferred embryos should be further limited to a maximum of two in cases where the prognosis is otherwise good. The only objection to this idea is a possible lowering of pregnancy rate. The present study set out to investigate this question. No significant lowering of pregnancy rate was found, so that limiting the number of transferred embryos to two where the prognosis is otherwise good has now become standard practice in our centre. A good IVF prognosis was defined by the following criteria: first attempt for IVF, less than 37 years old, and good embryo development. From 183 patients fulfilling these criteria, 80 agreed to the transfer of two embryos (group 1) and 103 opted for a triple transfer (group 2). Patient characteristics and embryology results were similar in the two groups. In group 1, 34 patients (42.5%) became pregnant and in group 2, 50 (48.5%). This difference is not significant. Similarly, twin pregnancy rates in both groups were high; eight twin pregnancies (23.5%) in group 1 and 12 (24%) in group 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Automatic cycle counting programme development in Hamilton (2011)

Prioritisation of land transport funding and justification of investment by mode has long favoured easily measured motorised journeys. The collection of data on active transport trips has traditionally been limited to manual counts. Following on from the 2008 New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA) funded investigation by ViaStrada into methods of continuous cycle counting, this conference paper summarises the literature on the latest methods, count durations, how many sites are needed, and where they should be placed to gain a representative sample of the cycling levels throughout a given network. This knowledge has been applied in the development of automatic cycle counting programmes for three New Zealand cities of a range of sizes: Christchurch, New Plymouth, and Hamilton. This paper presents the development process, planning, and implementation to date of the programme for Hamilton City. The topics will be of interest to decision-makers and transportation planners working to quantify the effectiveness of investment in active transport networks.
Intelligent Distributed Autonomous Power Systems (IDAPS) (2007)

The electric power system is an enabling infrastructure that supports the operation of other critical infrastructures and thus the economic well-being of a nation. It is, therefore, very important to design for resiliency and autonomous reconfigurability in the electric power grid to guard against man-made and natural disasters. One way to assure such self-healing characteristics in an electric power system is to design for small and autonomous subsets of the larger grid. This paper presents the concept of a specialized microgrid called an intelligent distributed autonomous power system (IDAPS). The IDAPS microgrid aims at intelligently managing customer-owned distributed energy resources such that these assets can be shared in an autonomous grid both during normal and outage operations. The proposed concept is expected to make significant contributions during emergency conditions, as well as creating a new market for electricity transaction among customers.
The Antiquity of <i>t'ou hu</i> (1950)

Some ten years ago Professor G. Montell published a well-illustrated and highly interesting account of the history of the Chinese game of t'ou hu a or Pitch-pot. In this game, practised in China for many centuries, two contestants attempt to toss ( t’ou ) arrows into the mouth of a narrow necked vessel ( hu ) according to very elaborate rules of procedure. He began by quoting verbatim Legge's translation of the lengthy description of the game as contained in the Lichi , b taking this as evidence that the game ‘was perfected as early as the Chou period’. He surmised that the game survived the centuries although he knew of ‘no further mention of it in the literature until the time of the Sung dynasty’, his next source dating from the 11th century.
Biological and integrated protection in the Mediterranean greenhouse: is disease management the weak link? (2012)

Article édité dans IOBC WPRS Bulletin, 2012, 80, 11-17
Modified diffusion bond process for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP)-Cu at 150&#x00B0;C in ambient air (2009)

This paper describes the feasibility of a low-temperature diffusion bonding process for Cu thin film electrodes in ambient air. After Cu thin film surfaces were bombarded by an Ar fast atom beam in vacuum to remove the initial thick adsorbate layer, the surfaces were contacted with each other at atmospheric pressure. As the exposure condition, O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gas with controlled humidity was used to prevent moisture-induced generation of thick Cu(OH) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers, which was considered hydrated. Upon heating at 150degC for 600 s after the touchdown, high bonding strength, which was as high as that of Cu film breakage from the inside, was obtained through a CuO interfacial layer of around 10 nm thickness with considerably low electrical resistivity.
Inhibitors/antagonists of TGF-  system in kidney fibrosis (2012)

Renal fibrosis is a major hallmark of chronic kidney disease, regardless of the initial causes, and prominent renal fibrosis predicts poor prognosis for renal insufficiency. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β plays a pivotal role in the progression of renal fibrosis, and therapeutic interventions targeting TGF-β have been successful and well tolerated in animal models. However, these interventions might have adverse effects by inducing systemic inflammation due to the strong bifunctional role of TGF-β (pro-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory). This review of the current literature focuses on the inhibitors/antagonists of TGF-β, and discusses possible therapeutic approaches targeting them, describing the effectiveness of orally active bone morphogenetic protein 7 mimetics in reversing established fibrosis. It will conclude with a brief discussion of possible future directions for research.
Solid Electrolytes: Applications in Heterogeneous Catalysis and Chemical Cogeneration (2010)

Solid electrolytes have found applications in several areas, including (a) sensors, (b) separators, (c) solid oxide fuel cells, and (d) solid-state batteries. In addition, solid electrolytes have been used in the construction of solid electrolyte cell reactors (SECRs), in which heterogeneous catalytic reactions have been studied. Also, SECRs have been used as chemical cogenerative fuel cells, i.e., for the simultaneous production of electricity and useful compounds. In the present work, a survey of the studies conducted in SECRs is presented. The fundamental operating principles, results in technologically important reactions, and the hurdles that should be overcome to bring SECRs into industrial practice are discussed.
Off-bypass implantation of a self-expandable valved stent between inferior vena cava and right atrium (2003)

A glutaraldehyde preserved valved bovine jugular xenograft mounted in a nitinol 'Z' stent, expandable from 7 to 28 mm of internal diameter, was evaluated in vitro (column of water developing a pressure of 45 mmHg and a mock loop including a pulsatile pump) and in vivo in five adult pigs with intra-vascular ultrasound to measure the inferior vena cava diameter via a retroperitoneal access. Through a stent-graft delivery system (24 French) the self expandable valved stent was implanted off-bypass in the inferior vena cava, between hepatic veins and cavo-atrial junction, with flow and pressure gradient recording. The mean length of the valved stent was 22.80+/-1.06 mm, the mean internal diameter 20.97+/-0.5 mm and the mean external diameter 26.67+/-0.9 mm. The valve leaking under pressure was 32.5+/-12.3 ml/min. The mean pressure gradient recorded across the self expandable valved stent implanted in the inferior vena cava was 1.0+/-0.5 mmHg (range 0-2 mmHg). Intra-vascular ultrasound showed partial opening and closing of the valve (mean area reduction from 148.5 to 81.5 mm2), with almost complete occlusion only during deep breaths. The in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the feasibility of potential application of the self-expandable valved stent implanted off-bypass in the inferior vena cava for late conversion of failing total cavo-pulmonary connection; intra-vascular ultrasound allows for adequate implantation and evaluation.
Test structures for evaluating strong phase shift lithography (2002)

Test structures are presented for the evaluation of phase shift lithography on the gate level of a CMOS technology. The structures address the measurement of phase shift printed linewidth, the evaluation of transistors as a function of phase shifter geometry, and the detection of misalignment of contact windows to the phase shift printed gate.
Adaptive filtering using filter banks (1996)

This paper derives a theory for adaptive filters which operate on filter bank outputs, here called filter bank adaptive filters (FBAFs). It is shown how the FBAFs are a generalization of transform domain adaptive filters and adaptive filters based on structural subband decompositions. The minimum mean-square error performance and convergence properties of FBAFs are determined as a function of filter bank used. A parametrization for a class of FIR perfect reconstruction filter banks is derived which is used to design FBAF's having optimal error performance given prior knowledge of the application. Simulations are performed to illustrate the derived theory and demonstrate the improved error performance of the FBAFs relative to the LMS algorithm, when prior knowledge is incorporated.