gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnet and gradient coil system for low‐field EPR imaging (2002)

Abstract Air‐core coils are more practical than iron‐core magnets for producing the required magnetic field distribution for electron paramagnetic resonance imaging at frequencies of a few hundred megahertz. An air‐core, air‐cooled magnet/gradient coil system is presented in this paper, which is optimum in the sense that mathematically it produces fields, which for the number of coils specified, are as uniform (for the magnet) and as linear (for the gradient coils) as is possible over a spherical volume. The magnet is four‐coil (eighth‐order), the z ‐coordinate gradient coil system is two‐coil, Maxwell (fifth order), and the transverse gradient coils are four‐coil, Anderson (fifth order). The design tradeoffs included homogeneity and linearity specifications, compatibility with access needed for physiological studies, power requirements, and provisions for rapid scanning. Incremental adjustments of the positions of the magnet coils, based on uniformity measurements, facilitated the meeting of design specifications at a reasonable cost. The 81 cm magnet can operate continuously at 90 G and can scan to 140 G. A 15 cm diameter working volume has a homogeneity of about 40 ppm. Three‐dimensional gradient coils are designed for 10 G/cm. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts in Magnetic Resonance (Magn Reson Engineering) 15: 51–58, 2002.
Effect of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator/Raloxifene Analogue on Proliferation and Collagen Metabolism of Tendon Fibroblast (2010)

The selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene is therapeutically beneficial for postmenopausal connective tissue degradation, such as osteoporosis, vascular sclerosis, and dermal degradation; however, the effects of raloxifene on postmenopausal tendon metabolism have not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the effects of raloxifene analogue (LY117018) on cell proliferation and collagen metabolism using cultured rat Achilles tendon fibroblasts. 17beta-Estradiol (E(2); 10(-11)-10(-9) M) and LY117018 (10(-9)-10(-7) M) had no significant effects on tendon fibroblast proliferation, based on a BrdU (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine) incorporation assay (24 hr) and a WST-8 colorimetric assay (2 or 6 days). Neither E(2) nor LY117018 significantly altered the expression of type I collagen, which is a main component of the tendon extracellular matrix (ECM), whereas both E(2) and LY117018 significantly increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, which is responsible for tendon collagen degradation in rat. Also, both E(2) and LY117018 increased the expression of type III collagen and elastin, which are minor components of tendon ECM, but are considered to govern the elastic properties of tendons. These changes in collagen and MMP induced by either E(2) or LY117018 were attenuated by the estrogen receptor alpha blocker ICI 182,780. The results of this study suggest that postmenopausal estrogen deficiency might downregulate tendon collagen turnover and decrease tendon elasticity. Further, raloxifene treatment might restore these changes to premenopausal levels.
An Ion-exchange Study of Possible Hybridized 5f Bonding in the Actinides<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Ion-exchange Study of Possible Hybridized 5f Bonding in the Actinides1R. M. Diamond, K. Street Jr., and G. T. SeaborgCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 6, 1461–1469Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01635a001Request reuse permissionsArticle Views712Altmetric-Citations235LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (859 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins IGFBP3, IGFBP4, and IGFBP5 Predict Endocrine Responsiveness in Patients with Ovarian Cancer (2007)

These results indicate that expression levels of certain IGFBP family members in ovarian cancers are estrogen regulated and can, thus, help identify patients who could benefit from endocrine therapy.
사회과학분야 : 전문 발레인에 대한 이미지 유형 연구 (2011)

본 연구는 일반인들이 인식하고 있는 전문 발레인에 대한 이미지 유형을 분류하고, 유형별 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 Q 방법론을 활용하였으며 문헌연구 및 개개인과의 면담을 통해 수집한 총 55여 개의 Q 모집단 중에서 대표성이 있다고 판단되는 27개의 진술문을 Q 표본으로 최종 선정하였다. P 표본은 직업, 연령, 학력, 발레공연 관람 여부, 성별 등을 적절히 고려하여 총 16명을 최종적으로 선정하였으며, 자료처리는 PC-QUANL Program을 통해 주요인분석을 하였고, 회전방식은 Varimax를 이용하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 전문 발레인에 대한 이미지 유형은 제1유형(n=8): 완벽주의 전문가형, 제2유형(n=6): 행복추구 예술가형, 그리고 제3유형(n=2): 외면중시 직업인형의 총 3가지 유형으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유형별 특성에 있어 제1유형은 전문성을 키우기 위해 노력은 하지만 인격적 소양이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 제2유형은 자신의 직업에 행복해하지만 무용 이외의 다른 분야와의 교류에는 무관심한 것으로 나타났다. 제3유형은 무용 이외의 다른 분야와 교류를 많이 하지만 전문성을 키우기 위한 노력은 하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 3가지 유형에 나타난 유형별 공통점은 전문 발레인은 외형적으로 우아한 기품이 있으며, 국외에서의 활동과 경력, 그리고 경제적 뒷받침이 매우 중요한 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 일반인들이 인식하고 있는 전문 발레인에 대한 이미지 유형과 그 특성에 대한 연구 결과는 예비 발레인들에게 전문 발레인으로서의 올바른 직업 이미지와 가치관 형성에 필요한 구체적 자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.
A High-Speed Digital Divider (1983)

This paper describes an efficient method for generating the quotient of two binary numbers at speeds comparable to existing multiplier chips. A digital divider is designed using the BEST LINE segmentation approximation. The reciprocal curve is subdivided into small sections, and a least squares straight line approximation is used to recreate each section. An analysis is presented to determine the segmentation granularity and the binary word length of constants needed to closely approximate the curve. A compromise design based on statistical performance as well as the complexity of the hardware requirements are evaluated.
Medicinal Mushroom Science: History, Current Status, Future Trends, and Unsolved Problems (2010)

The present review analyzes the history, current status, and future trends in the study of medicinal mushrooms. The target of the present review is to draw attention to many critically important unsolved problems in the future development of medicinal mushroom science in the 21st century. Special attention is paid to mushroom polysaccharides. Many, if not all, higher Basidiomycetes mushrooms contain biologically active polysaccharides in fruit bodies, cultured mycelium, and cultured broth. The data on mushroom polysaccharides are summarized for approximately 700 species of higher Hetero- and Homobasidiomycetes. The chemical structure of polysaccharides and its connection to antitumor activity, including possible ways of chemical modi fication, experimental testing, and clinical use of antitumor or immunostimulating polysaccharides, as well as possible mechanisms of their biological action, are discussed. Particularly, and most importantly for modern medicine, are polysaccharides with antitumor and immunostimulating properties. Several of the mushroom polysaccharide compounds have proceeded through Phase I, II, and III clinical trials and are used extensively and successfully in Asia to treat various cancers and other diseases. A total of 126 medicinal functions are thought to be produced by medicinal mushrooms and fungi, including antitumor, immunomodulating, antioxidant, radical scavenging, cardiovascular, antihypercholesterolemia, antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antifungal, detoxification, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic effects.
Biochemical markers in early diagnosis and management of systemic amyloidoses (2014)

Systemic amyloid diseases are characterized by widespread protein deposition as amyloid fibrils. Precise diagnostic framing is the prerequisite for a correct management of patients. This complex process is achieved through a series of steps, which include detection of the tissue amyloid deposits, identification of the amyloid type, demonstration of the amyloidogenic precursor, and evaluation of organ dysfunction/damage. Laboratory medicine plays a central role in the diagnosis and management of systemic amyloidoses, through the quantification of the amyloidogenic precursor and evaluation of end-organ damage using biomarkers.
Nonlinear switching dynamics in surface electromyography of the spine (2004)

This paper develops a switching dynamics model of the surface Electromyographic (sEMG) signal generated during a condition in which the mechanical attachment of the spinal dura to the cervical vertebra creates an unstable nonlinear feedback coupling between the biomechanics of the spine and the central nervous system (CNS). The sEMG signal recorded on the paraspinal muscles during this condition reveals "bursts" of accrued sEMG activity interrupting an otherwise quiet "background" signal. Statistical analysis of the autocorrelation and partial correlation functions of the burst and background parts of the signal reveals that the over-all signal indeed switches between two modes. Both the burst and the background modes are dynamically modeled by ARIMA and ACE, and a switching logic, driven by the autocorrelation and the partial correlation, is designed, resulting in a switching model that matches the experimental sEMG signal fairly well.
Endothelial cell functions impaired by interferon in vitro: Insights into the molecular mechanism of thrombotic microangiopathy associated with interferon therapy (2018)

We demonstrate the detrimental effects of IFN on endothelial cell functions mediated with angiogenesis and fibrinolysis, which could potentially cause the loss of physiological endothelium thromboresistance and facilitate the development of vascular complications in a clinical setting. Mechanistically, our findings have implications for understanding how IFN therapy can foster the development of TMA.
Structural Organization and Promoter Analysis of the Bovine Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit VIIc Gene (1997)

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit VIIc is one of the nuclear encoded subunits of the 13-subunit holoenzyme that carries out the terminal step in the electron transport chain. We have isolated the gene for this subunit, previously shown to be ubiquitously expressed from a single copy gene in the genome, and show that 167 base pairs of DNA surrounding the transcriptional start site contain the minimal promoter of this gene. This basal promoter contains two YY1 sites and at least one site for NRF-2, which show binding to their cognate factors. Mutation of both YY1 sites eliminates most of the promoter activity. Mutation at the upstream YY1 site significantly reduces the efficiency of transcript initiation at the major start site and thus plays the dominant role in COX7C regulation. COX7C is, thus, the second nuclear gene of COX that is regulated by YY1, suggesting that it is a third common factor, along with NRF-1 and NRF-2, to be associated with COX gene regulation.
Macroblock-based progressive fine granularity scalable (PFGS) video coding with flexible temporal-SNR scalablilities (2001)

We proposed a flexible and efficient architecture for scalable video coding, namely, the macroblock (MB)-based progressive fine granularity scalable video coding with temporal-SNR scalabilities (PFGST). The proposed architecture can provide not only much improved coding efficiency but also simultaneous SNR scalability and temporal scalability. Building upon the original frame-based progressive fine granularity scalable (PFGS) coding approach, the MB-based PFGS scheme is first proposed. Three INTER modes and the corresponding mode selection mechanism are presented for coding the SNR enhancement MBs in order to make a good trade-off between low drifting errors and high compression efficiency. Furthermore, temporal scalability is introduced into the MB-based PFGS, which forms the MB-based PFGST scheme. Two coding modes are proposed for coding the temporal enhancement MBs. Since it would not cause any error propagation if using the high quality reference in the temporal enhancement MB coding, the coding efficiency of the PFGST is highly improved by always choosing the most suitable reference for the temporal scalable coding. Experimental results show that the MB-based PFGST video coding scheme can significantly improve the coding efficiency up to 2.8 dB compared with the FGST scheme adopted in MPEG-4, while supporting full SNR, full temporal, and hybrid SNR-temporal scalabilities according to the different requirements from the channels, the clients or the servers.
Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Combinatorial Libraries Based on 7-Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]Pyrimidine Scaffold (2005)

The parallel solution-phase synthesis of more than 2200 7-trifluoromethyl-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine carboxamides on a 50-100-mg scale has been accomplished. Key reactions include assembly of the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine ring by condensation of 5-aminopyrazole derivatives with the corresponding trifluoromethyl-beta-diketones. The libraries from libraries were then obtained in good yields and purities using solution-phase acylation and reduction methodologies. Simple manual techniques for parallel reactions using special CombiSyn synthesizers were coupled with easy purification procedures (crystallization from the reaction mixtures) to give high-purity final products. The scope and limitations of the developed approach are discussed.
User profiling for the web (2006)

This paper addresses a problem of personalized information delivery related to the Web, that is based on user profiling. Different approaches to user profiling have been developed. When the user profiling is used for personalization in the context of Web, we can talk about Web personalization. There are three main groups of approaches: content-based filtering collaborative filtering and Web usage mining. We provide an overview of them including recent research results in the area with especial emphases on user profiling in the perspective of Semantic Web applications.
The role of retinoic acid in hepatic lipid homeostasis defined by genomic binding and transcriptome profiling (2013)

We have characterized the role of hepatic RA for the first time. Hepatic RA mediated through RXRα and its partners regulates lipid homeostasis.
Reactive consolidation of virtual machines enabled by postcopy live migration (2011)

Dynamic consolidation of virtual machines (VMs) through live migration is a promising technology for IaaS datacenters. VMs are dynamically packed onto fewer server nodes, thereby eliminating excessive power consumption. Existing studies on VM consolidation, however, are based on precopy live migration, which requires dozens of seconds to switch the execution hosts of VMs. It is difficult to optimize VM locations quickly on sudden load changes, resulting in serious violations of VM performance criteria. In this paper, we propose an advanced VM consolidation system exploiting postcopy live migration, which greatly alleviates performance degradation. VM locations are reactively optimized in response to ever-changing resource usage. Sudden overloading of server nodes are promptly resolved by quickly switching the execution hosts of VMs. We have developed a prototype of our consolidation system and evaluated its feasibility through experiments. Our results show that our consolidation system achieved a higher degree of performance assurance than using precopy migration. Performance degradation is 12% or less, even for memory-intensive workloads, which is less than half the level using precopy migration.
Prevalence of Sleep-disordered Breathing and Sleep Apnea in Middle-aged Urban Indian Men (2003)

Abstract No data are available on the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in Indians. We conducted a two-phase cross-sectional prevalence study for the same in healthy urban Indian males (35–65 years) coming to our hospital in Bombay for a routine health check. We also investigated its risk factors and evaluated the significance of the most commonly asked questions that best correlated with the presence of OSAHS. In the first phase, 658 subjects (94%) returned completed questionnaires regarding their sleep habits and associated medical conditions. In the second phase, 250 of these underwent an overnight home sleep study. The estimated prevalence of SDB (apnea–hypopnea index of 5 or more) was 19.5%, and that of OSAHS (SDB with daytime hypersomnolence) was 7.5%. Multiple stepwise logistic regression determined body mass index, neck girth, and history of diabetes mellitus as the principal covariates of SDB. The presence of snoring, nocturnal choking, unrefreshing sleep, recurrent awakening from sleep, daytime hypersomnolence, and daytime fatigue was each statistically significant for identifying patients with OSAHS. The higher prevalence of OSAHS in urban Indian men is striking and may have major public health implications in a developing country.
Cooperative TDOA estimation with trigger relay (2011)

In this paper, we investigate the relaying issue of Zero-Padding (ZP) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique to estimate Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) for locationing applications. In order to benefit from the easy processing of Amplify-and-Forward (AF) relay as well as the noise and interference cancellation of Decode-and-Forward (DF) relay schemes, we introduce the trigger relay technique for TDOA estimation. The trigger relay possesses the merit of bandwidth efficiency, since only a short pilot or preamble needs to be sent. Compared to its counterparts AF and DF relays, trigger relay achieves a better performance in terms of system complexity and TDOA accuracy. Gaining from multipath diversity, the trigger relay TDOA resolution can be improved further.
Remote sensing (1995)

With the advent of powerful workstations and affordable software, data from remote-sensing satellites are at last being winnowed and sifted for special-purpose information, sometimes in combination with other inputs. Still more data will become available with the launch of new commercial satellites with high-resolution remote sensing. The author discusses the image processing aspects of remote sensing, describing how the digital images are transformed into maps. In particular the author discusses data fusion and how the spatial resolution limits are overcome by using spectral signatures of objects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
QoS routing algorithms using fully polynomial time approximation scheme (2011)

Routing with end-to-end Quality-of-Service (QoS) guarantees is a key to the widespread deployment of recent emerged services. Developing QoS routing algorithm in the network is an important open topic. This paper investigates the QoS routing related problems and proposes a Fully Polynomial Time Approximation Scheme (FPTAS) for QoS routing. In the proposed FPTAS, a graph-extending based dynamic programming approach is developed, and an extended version of the proposed algorithm is studied. The theoretical analyses show that the proposed algorithms outperform the previous best-known studies.
A Three-Component Regulatory System Regulates Biofilm Maturation and Type III Secretion in<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2005)

Biofilms are structured communities found associated with a wide range of surfaces. Here we report the identification of a three-component regulatory system required for biofilm maturation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14. A transposon mutation that altered biofilm formation in a 96-well dish assay originally defined this locus, which is comprised of genes for a putative sensor histidine kinase and two response regulators and has been designated sadARS. Nonpolar mutations in any of the sadARS genes result in biofilms with an altered mature structure but do not confer defects in growth or early biofilm formation, swimming, or twitching motility. After 2 days of growth under flowing conditions, biofilms formed by the mutants are indistinguishable from those formed by the wild-type (WT) strain. However, by 5 days, mutant biofilms appear to be more homogeneous than the WT in that they fail to form large and distinct macrocolonies and show a drastic reduction in water channels. We propose that the sadARS three-component system is required for later events in biofilm formation on an abiotic surface. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that there is no detectable change in expression of the sadARS genes when cells are grown in a planktonic culture versus a biofilm, indicating that this locus is not itself induced during or in response to biofilm formation. DNA microarray studies were used to identify downstream targets of the SadARS system. Among the genes regulated by the SadARS system are those required for type III secretion. Mutations in type III secretion genes result in strains with enhanced biofilm formation. We propose a possible mechanism for the role that the SadARS system plays in biofilm formation.
Ratiometric BJT-based thermal sensor in 32nm and 22nm technologies (2012)

Thermal sensors are used in modern microprocessors to provide information for: 1) throttling at the maximum temperature of operation, and 2) fan regulation at temperatures down to 50°C. Today's microprocessors are thermally limited in many applications, so accurate temperature readings are essential in order to maximize performance. There are fairly large thermal gradients across the core, which vary for different instructions, so it is necessary to position thermal sensors near hot-spots. In addition, the locations of the hot-spots may not be predictable during the design phase. Thus it is necessary for hot-spot sensors to be small enough to be moved late in the design cycle or even after first Silicon.
Comparison of approximations of complex objects used for approximation-based query processing in spatial database systems (2002)

The minimum bounding box, the convex hull, the minimum bounding four- and five-corner, rotated boxes, and the minimum bounding ellipses and circles convex conservative approximation methods for handling complex spatial objects in spatial access methods are discussed. Results indicate that, depending on the complexity of the objects and the type of queries, the approximations five-corner, ellipse and rotated bounding box clearly outperform the bounding box. It is the reduced number of false hits that yields a considerable improvement in total query time when using the proposed approximations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR OCULAR MEASUREMENT AS AN INDEX OF FATIGUE AND THE BASIS FOR ALERTNESS MANAGEMENT (1998)

This final report establishes the scientific validity of the ocular measure as a generally useful and reliable index of lapses in visual attention, i.e., the percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil. Perclose was previously specified as a relevant measure of drowsiness in several driving simulator studies (NHTSA Final Report HS-808 640; TRIS 00745689). In the present research, further validation of Perclose was established among other measures, in a controlled sleep deprivation study, using a well-known psychophysical index of lapses in visual attention, i.e., Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). The present study provides the scientific and practical basis to relate real-time lapses in visual attention to over-the-road driving performance.