gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management of postoperative nausea and vomiting: focus on palonosetron (2008)

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a significant problem in modern anesthetic practice, with an incidence in high-risk groups of up to 80%. In addition to being unpleasant and distressing for the patient, PONV has the potential to adversely affect patient and surgical outcomes. Advances in PONV prophylaxis over recent years include using non-pharmacological means to reduce baseline risk, a change to less emetogenic anesthetic techniques and the combination of multiple antiemetic drugs. The 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT(3)) antagonists have proven a particularly valuable addition to the armamentarium against PONV. Palonosetron is a second-generation 5-HT(3) antagonist that has recently been approved for prophylaxis against PONV. It has unique structural, pharmacological and clinical properties that distinguish it from other agents in its class. This review summarizes current evidence on PONV prophylaxis, reviews the 5-HT(3) antagonists in particular and focuses on the established and future roles of palonosetron.
A<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>strain genetically engineered to secrete effectively a bioactive human interleukin (hIL)-6 via the<i>Escherichia coli</i>hemolysin secretion apparatus (1998)

Human interleukin-6 (hIL-6) cDNA was genetically fused with the Escherichia coli hemolysin secretorial signal (hlyA[S]) sequence in a plasmid vector. Recombinant E. coli XL-1 Blue and attenuated Salmonella typhimurium secreted a 30 kDa hIL-6-HlyA(S) fusion protein, with an additional form of higher apparent molecular mass produced by S. typhimurium. In S. typhimurium cultures hIL-6-HlyA(S) concentrations entered a plateau at 500 to 600 ng ml(-1) culture supernatant. In contrast to E. coli XL-1 Blue, in S. typhimurium culture supernatants hIL-6-HlyA(S) was accumulated faster reaching three-fold higher maximal concentrations. The cell proliferating activity of hIL-6-HlyA(S) fusion protein(s) was equivalent to that of mature recombinant hIL-6. Furthermore. hIL-6-secreting S. typhimurium were less invasive than the attenuated control strain. Therefore, the bulky hemolysin secretorial peptide at the C-terminus of the fusion protein does not markably affect hIL-6 activity, suggesting that the hemolysin secretion apparatus provides an excellent system to study immunomodulatory effects of in situ synthesized IL-6 in Salmonella vaccine strains.
A Multimodal CNN-based Tool to Censure Inappropriate Video Scenes (2019)

Due to the extensive use of video-sharing platforms and services for their storage, the amount of such media on the internet has become massive. This volume of data makes it difficult to control the kind of content that may be present in such video files. One of the main concerns regarding the video content is if it has an inappropriate subject matter, such as nudity, violence, or other potentially disturbing content. More than telling if a video is either appropriate or inappropriate, it is also important to identify which parts of it contain such content, for preserving parts that would be discarded in a simple broad analysis. In this work, we present a multimodal~(using audio and image features) architecture based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for detecting inappropriate scenes in video files. In the task of classifying video files, our model achieved 98.95\% and 98.94\% of F1-score for the appropriate and inappropriate classes, respectively. We also present a censoring tool that automatically censors inappropriate segments of a video file.
A study on active suspension system using time delay control (2007)

Time Delay Control (TDC) method was proposed as a promising technique in the robust control area, where the plants have unknown dynamics with parameter variations and substantial disturbances are present. In this paper, the TDC technique is applied to design the force loop controller of an electro-hydraulic active suspension system. Based on the quarter-car active suspension system model, the TDC is designed, and the PID-controller is also designed for comparison. The simulation results show that the TDC is the effective means in controlling the hydraulic system and it can be utilized as one of the control candidates for the active vehicle suspension.
Ramelteon for Insomnia in Two Youths with Autistic Disorder (2006)

This case report illustrates the potential effectiveness and tolerability of ramelteon for sleep disturbances in 2 patients with autism. Further research is needed to verify its safety, tolerability, and efficacy in children and adolescents with autism.
Immunization with advanced glycation end products modified low density lipoprotein inhibits atherosclerosis progression in diabetic apoE and LDLR null mice (2014)

Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis through undefined molecular mechanisms. Hyperglycemia induces formation of advanced glycation end product (AGE)-modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Anti-AGE-LDL autoantibodies favor atherosclerosis (AS) progression in humans, while anti oxidized LDL immunization inhibits AS in hypercholesterolemic, non-diabetic mice. We here investigated if AGE-LDL immunization protects against AS in diabetic mice. After diabetes induction with streptozotocin and high fat diet, both low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-/- and apoE female mice were randomized to: AGE-LDL immunization with aluminum hydroxide (Alum) adjuvant; Alum alone; or PBS. AGE-LDL immunization: significantly reduced AS; induced specific plasma IgM and IgG antibodies; upregulated splenic Th2, Treg and IL-10 levels, without altering Th1 or Th17 cells; and increased serum high density lipoprotein(HDL) while numerically lowering HbA1c levels. Subcutaneous immunization with AGE-LDL significantly inhibits atherosclerosis progression in hyperlipidemic diabetic mice possibly through activation of specific humoral and cell mediated immune responses and metabolic control improvement.
A novel member of the NF2/ERM/4.1 superfamily with growth suppressing properties in lung cancer. (1999)

A novel putative tumor suppressor gene and member of the NF2/ERM/ 4.1 superfamily was isolated using Differential Display PCR (DDPCR) on primary lung tumors. When reintroduced into nonexpressing non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines, this gene, named DAL-1 (for Differentially expressed in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung), was shown to suppress growth. In addition, significantly reduced expression (>50%) of DAL-1 was measured in 39 primary non-small cell lung carcinoma tumors as compared with patient-matched normal lung tissue. Immunocytochemical staining with a polyclonal anti-DAL-1 antibody localized the protein to the plasma membrane, particularly at cell-cell contact points, a pattern reminiscent of other members of the protein 4.1 superfamily including ezrin and NF2. The data suggest DAL-1 is a novel membrane-associated protein with potential to play an important role in the origin and progression of lung cancer.
A least biased fuzzy clustering method (1994)

A new operational definition of cluster is proposed, and a fuzzy clustering algorithm with minimal biases is formulated by making use of the maximum entropy principle to maximize the entropy of the centroids with respect to the data points (clustering entropy). The authors make no assumptions on the number of clusters or their initial positions. For each value of an adimensional scale parameter /spl beta/', the clustering algorithm makes each data point iterate towards one of the cluster's centroids, so that both hard and fuzzy partitions are obtained. Since the clustering algorithm can make a multiscale analysis of the given data set one can obtain both hierarchy and partitioning type clustering. The relative stability with respect to /spl beta/' of each cluster structure is defined as the measurement of cluster validity. The authors determine the specific value of /spl beta/' which corresponds to the optimal positions of cluster centroids by minimizing the entropy of the data points with respect to the centroids (clustered entropy). Examples are given to show how this least biased method succeeds in getting perceptually correct clustering results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
10 Channel, 45.6Gb/s per Channel, Polarization Multiplexed DQPSK InP Receiver Photonic Integrated Circuit (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Nagarajan, M. Kato, J. Pleumeekers, D. Lambert, V. Lal, A. Dentai, M. Kuntz, J. Rahn, H. Tsai, R. Malendevich, G. Goldfarb, J. Tang, J. Zhang, T. Butrie, M. Raburn, B. Little, A. Nilsson, M. Reffle, F. Kish, and D. Welch, "10 Channel, 45.6Gb/s per Channel, Polarization Multiplexed DQPSK InP Receiver Photonic Integrated Circuit," in National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper PDPB2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Information economics and libraries in the digital age (1996)

Describes how technology is rapidly changing the way information is distributed and paid for. Libraries face the risk that they will be cut from the loop that includes publishers and information consumers. Libraries must take an active role in experimenting with emerging technology and trends in the economics and distribution of information. If they do so, they stand to maintain their strong position as collection builders and organizers, and to continue their tradition of excellence in providing access to information for their users. Highlights a number of issues that need to be addressed as libraries make the transition from paper to digital: funding models, fee versus free use of information, and the infrastructure of digital economy. Explores the role that electronic money may have in those libraries in more depth.
Enhanced Nonradiative Decay in Aqueous Solutions of Aminonaphthalimide Derivatives via Water-Cluster Formation (1997)

The photophysics of two derivatives of 4-aminonaphthalimide have been studied in aqueous, ethanolic, and mixed aqueous/ethanolic solvents, including both normal and deuterated solvents. It is found that the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime both decrease with increased water content of the solvent and that this is entirely due to increased nonradiative decay, the radiative rate constant being virtually independent of the solvent composition. It is proposed that a mechanism involving the formation of a hydrogen-bonded water cluster is responsible for the observed behavior with the excitation energy of the naphthalimide being distributed amongst the stretching vibrations of the water cluster. The increase in the rate of nonradiative decay is greatly reduced in deuterated solvent mixtures in accord with Siebrand's theory of radiationless processes.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Olefin Polymerization Behavior of Vanadium(III) Complexes Bearing Tridentate Schiff Base Ligands (2009)

Vanadium(III) complexes bearing tridentate salicylaldiminato ligands (2a−f) [OC6H4CH═NL]VCl2(THF) (L = CH2CH2OMe, 2a; CH2CH2NMe2, 2b; CH2C5H4N, 2c; 8-C9H6N (quinoline), 2d; 2-MeSC6H4, 2e; 2-Ph2PC6H4, 2f) and tridentate β-enaminoketonato ligands [OC6H8CH═N-2-Ph2PC6H4]VCl2(THF) (2g) and [O(Ph)C═CHCH═N-2-Ph2PC6H4]VCl2(THF) (2h) were prepared from VCl3(THF)3 by treating with 1.0 equiv of the deprotonated ligands in tetrahydrofuran (THF). These complexes were characterized by FTIR and mass spectrometry as well as elemental analysis. Structures of complexes 2e, 2f, and 2h were further confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. These complexes were investigated as catalysts for olefin polymerization in the presence of organoaluminum compounds. On activation with Et2AlCl, complexes 2a−h exhibited high catalytic activities toward ethylene polymerization (up to 20.64 kg PE/mmolV·h·bar) even at high temperature, suggesting these catalysts possess high thermal stability. Moreover, high molecular weight polymers with unimodal molecular weight distribution can be obtained, indicating the single site behavior of these catalysts. The copolymerizations of ethylene and norbornene or 1-hexene with catalysts 2a−h were also explored in the presence of Et2AlCl, which led to high molecular weight poly(ethylene-co-1-hexene)s (Mw up to 138 000) and poly(ethylene-co-norbornene)s (Mw up to 164 000). Catalytic activity, comonomer incorporation, and polymer molecular weight can be controlled in a wide range by the variation of catalyst structure and the reaction parameters such as Al/V molar ratio, comonomer feed concentration, and polymerization reaction temperature.
Reduced dose and improved image quality with a computerized line-scan radiography system (1993)

Diode-array digital radiography (DADR) is a patented technology which shows promise for producing improved radiographic image quality while reducing the X-ray dose to the patient. DADR combines geometric scatter rejection with a scintillator and solid-state photodiode array detector of large dynamic range to create diagnostic X-ray images which makes efficient use of the patient dose. Engineering measurements were made to determine the basic characteristics of the system. Engineering measurements were made to determine the basic characteristics of the system. A number of image postprocessing techniques were examined for further improving the image quality of the DADR system. Unsharp masking, local contrast stretching, and modified local contrast stretching were used. The modified local contrast stretching has produced the best results to date, with image quality exceeding that of standard film/screen chest images. Images have been postprocessed using facilities of the Pittsburgh Supercomputer Center.
Mechanical Switching and Soft Elasticity in Liquid Crystal Elastomers (1997)

Abstract The application of a mechanical field is seen to cause a switching of the director orientation in a monodomain liquid crystal elastomer. This switching is most dramatic when the strain is applied normal, or nearly normal to the initial director as a sharp jump of 90° in orientation is seen. This molecular rearrangement is accompanied by a decrease in orientation parameter, <P2>, during the rotation. Wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) and optical microscopy studies have revealed a single director orientation throughout the switching process; broad optical-texture variations are observed after the director flip has occurred, although the sample remains optically clear throughout the process.
Evidence Based Navigation in Swarms (2006)

A low-complexity, evidence based navigation algorithm for swarms of mobile sensors is presented. It can be effectively used in scenarios where a particular event signature is characterized by a mix of weak signal modalities with certain degrees of intensity, distributed in a local region. The method is based on Dempster-Shafer (DS) evidence theory and enables the mobile nodes to process temporally ordered sensor data and accommodate imprecise information from multi-modal sensors on board. Local decisions are made based on fused evidence triggering an attractive beacon, which in turn draws other agents for further detection and tracking. Simulation results are presented for a multi-modal signal signature tracking scenario
A holistic approach to aesthetic enhancement of photographs (2011)

This article presents an interactive application that enables users to improve the visual aesthetics of their digital photographs using several novel spatial recompositing techniques. This work differs from earlier efforts in two important aspects: (1) it focuses on both photo quality assessment and improvement in an integrated fashion, (2) it enables the user to make informed decisions about improving the composition of a photograph. The tool facilitates interactive selection of one or more than one foreground objects present in a given composition, and the system presents recommendations for where it can be relocated in a manner that optimizes a learned aesthetic metric while obeying semantic constraints. For photographic compositions that lack a distinct foreground object, the tool provides the user with crop or expansion recommendations that improve the aesthetic appeal by equalizing the distribution of visual weights between semantically different regions. The recomposition techniques presented in the article emphasize learning support vector regression models that capture visual aesthetics from user data and seek to optimize this metric iteratively to increase the image appeal. The tool demonstrates promising aesthetic assessment and enhancement results on variety of images and provides insightful directions towards future research.
Programming the Perl DBI (2000)

The primary interface for database programming in Perl is DBI. Programming the Perl DBI is coauthored by Alligator Descartes, one of the most active members of the DBI community, and by Tim Bunce, the inventor of DBI. The book explains the architecture of DBI, shows you how to write DBI-based programs, and reveals both DBI's nuances and the peculiarities of each individual DBD. This is the definitive book for database programming in Perl.
Chemical Constituents of <i>Alnus</i>  <i>sieboldiana</i> (BETULACEAE). III. The Synthesis and Stereochemistry of Yashabushiketols (1972)

Abstract Dihydroyashabushiketol (2), isolated previously from the male flower of Alnus sieboldiana, has been synthesized by the condensation of benzaldehyde with acetylacetone, followed by hydrogenation. The absolute configuration at C5 of yashabushiketol (1) and 2 has been identified as S. The geometry between the trans double bond and the carbonyl group in 1 was established to be s-cis. Eleven more minor components of a known aromatic compound were identified at the same time.
Computational approaches to discovering semantics in molecular biology (1989)

One of the central problems of molecular biology stems from the discovery of the semantics of DNA. This discovery relies in a critical way on a variety of expensive computations. In order to solve these computations, both parallel computers and special-purpose hardware play a major role. The authors discuss the basic methodology involved in discovering the evolutionary structure of both DNA and proteins. Both fundamental issues and implementation issues are considered. The fundamental questions involve determining just how the sequences are to be compared. The implementation issues concern the vast amounts of computation required to execute the known algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improvement in Determination of Ice Water Content from Two-Dimensional Particle Imagery. Part II: Applications to Collected Data (2006)

Abstract In Part I of this two-part series, a new relationship for ice particle mass M was derived based on an expanded dataset of photographed ice particles and melted drops. The new relationship resulted in a reduction of nearly 50% in the rms error in M. In this paper, new relationships for computing particle mass and ice water content from 2D particle imagery are compared with other relationships previously used in the literature. Comparison of the old and new relationships, when applied to data collected in natural clouds, shows that results using the old relationships differ from the new relationships by up to a factor of 3, depending on particle size and shape. One of the new relationships can be applied to existing (archived) datasets of two-dimensional images, provided that the number of occulted pixels in each image (i.e., projected area) is available.
Crystal structure at 1.45‐Å resolution of the major allergen endo‐β‐1,3‐glucanase of banana as a molecular basis for the latex‐fruit syndrome (2006)

Resolution of the crystal structure of the banana fruit endo-beta-1,3-glucanase by synchrotron X-ray diffraction at 1.45-A resolution revealed that the enzyme possesses the eightfold beta/alpha architecture typical for family 17 glycoside hydrolases. The electronegatively charged catalytic central cleft harbors the two glutamate residues (Glu94 and Glu236) acting as hydrogen donor and nucleophile residue, respectively. Modeling using a beta-1,3 linked glucan trisaccharide as a substrate confirmed that the enzyme readily accommodates a beta-1,3-glycosidic linkage in the slightly curved catalytic groove between the glucose units in positions -2 and -1 because of the particular orientation of residue Tyr33 delimiting subsite -2. The location of Phe177 in the proximity of subsite +1 suggested that the banana glucanase might also cleave beta-1,6-branched glucans. Enzymatic assays using pustulan as a substrate demonstrated that the banana glucanase can also cleave beta-1,6-glucans as was predicted from docking experiments. Similar to many other plant endo-beta-1,3-glucanases, the banana glucanase exhibits allergenic properties because of the occurrence of well-conserved IgE-binding epitopes on the surface of the enzyme. These epitopes might trigger some cross-reactions toward IgE antibodies and thus account for the IgE-binding cross-reactivity frequently reported in patients with the latex-fruit syndrome.
Rate-Adaptive Transmission Over Correlated Fading Channels (2005)

In this paper, we investigate link adaptation and incremental redundancy (IR) retransmission schemes over correlated wireless channels. While computer simulations have been used to study the performance of these techniques, a numerically tractable analytical approach is more desirable to analyze generic protocols, and to reveal insights into the performance tradeoffs. An error-recursion approach is developed in this paper to mathematically analyze the throughput, delay, and energy efficiency of rate-adaptation techniques over fading channels with arbitrary correlations between retransmissions. Using Reed-Solomon codes as an example, we quantitatively predict the performance tradeoff of throughput and latency for IR schemes and the performance dependency on the channel correlation. Numerical results also show that reactive rate-adaptation schemes with IR retransmission outperform proactive rate-adaptive schemes, even with perfect channel side information, in terms of throughput and energy efficiency.
ÜBER DIE THERMISCHE UND KATALYTISCHE <i>cis → trans</i>‐UMLAGERUNG SUBSTITUIERTER AZOBENZOLE (1958)

Abstract Es wurde die thermische cis → trans ‐Umlagerung substituierter Azobenzole in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln gemessen. Die erhaltenen Werte für die Aktivierungsenergie E a liegen zwischen 20 und 23.5 kcal/Mol, die Werte für die Aktionskonstanten A zwischen 10 10.2 und 10 12 sec −1 . Viel niedrigere Werte wurden nur festgestellt, wenn Katalyse nachgewiesen werden konnte. Die E a ‐Werte für die katalytische Umlagerung liegen zwischen 5.5 und 12 kcal/Mol, die A‐Werte zwischen 10 0.28 und 10 4.14 sec −1 . Eine nicht‐adiabatische Umwandlung über einen Triplett‐Zustand ist nicht Ursache für das Auftreten kleiner A‐Konstanten.
A study on mental model for inferring driver's intention (2002)

This paper presents a new control method designed to improve vehicle drivability on downhill grades. Vehicles normally gain speed when traveling downhill regardless of the driver's desire not to accelerate. Drivers often shift into a lower gear to reduce the vehicle speed. With the control method described here, the shifting operation is executed automatically by using a driver's mental model to infer the intention to decelerate. The driver's mental model is identified by applying Interactive Dichotomizer 3 to obtain the inductive relationship between the vehicle operating data and the driver's intention. An examination was made of the timing difference between automated shifting and manual shifting by the driver. The results indicate that an automatic gear shift performed by the controller should be finished before the driver forms an intention to shift gears. The results of this study verify the effectiveness of factoring the inference of the driver's intentions into powertrain control systems.