gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erlotinib Pretreatment Improves Photodynamic Therapy of Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Xenografts via Multiple Mechanisms (2015)

Aberrant expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a common characteristic of many cancers, including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer. Although EGFR is currently a favorite molecular target for the treatment of these cancers, inhibition of the receptor with small-molecule inhibitors (i.e., erlotinib) or monoclonal antibodies (i.e., cetuximab) does not provide long-term therapeutic benefit as standalone treatment. Interestingly, we have found that addition of erlotinib to photodynamic therapy (PDT) can improve treatment response in typically erlotinib-resistant NSCLC tumor xenografts. Ninety-day complete response rates of 63% are achieved when erlotinib is administered in three doses before PDT of H460 human tumor xenografts, compared with 16% after PDT-alone. Similar benefit is found when erlotinib is added to PDT of A549 NCSLC xenografts. Improved response is accompanied by increased vascular shutdown, and erlotinib increases the in vitro cytotoxicity of PDT to endothelial cells. Tumor uptake of the photosensitizer (benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A; BPD) is increased by the in vivo administration of erlotinib; nevertheless, this elevation of BPD levels only partially accounts for the benefit of erlotinib to PDT. Thus, pretreatment with erlotinib augments multiple mechanisms of PDT effect that collectively lead to large improvements in therapeutic efficacy. These data demonstrate that short-duration administration of erlotinib before PDT can greatly improve the responsiveness of even erlotinib-resistant tumors to treatment. Results will inform clinical investigation of EGFR-targeting therapeutics in conjunction with PDT.
Searches for supersymmetry at HERA (1998)

Supersymmetric signals were searched for in e + p collisions collected by H1 and ZEUS in 1994 ! 1997 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 40 pb 1 per experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV.Within the framework of minimal supersymmetric extensions to the Standard Model which conserve R-parity, ZEUS found no evidence for the production of selectron and squark decaying directly into the lightest neutralino.H1 performed a search for direct single production of squarks of R-parity violating supersymmetry.The sensitivity to the corresponding Yukawa couplings was shown to beonly weakly dependent on the free parameters of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model and the reach in the mass-coupling plane extended to domains unexplored in other direct or indirect searches.
Constant-frequency clamped-mode resonant converters (1988)

Two clamped-mode resonant converters are proposed which operate at a constant frequency while retaining the desired features of conventional series- and parallel-resonant converters. State-plane analyses are performed which identify all possible circuit-operating modes of a clamped-mode series-resonant converter and define their mode boundaries. The control-to-output characteristics are derived to specify design regions for both natural and forced commutations. A breadboarded circuit was built to demonstrate the feasibility of the constant-frequency clamped-mode operation. All the predicted operating modes were verified experimentally.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multimedia Information Retrieval (2019)

My main research interests include product search and visual question answering (VQA), lying in the field of information retrieval (IR), which aims to obtain information system resources relevant to an information need from a collection. Product search focuses on the E-commerce domain and aims to retrieve products which are not only relevant to the submitted queries but also fit users' personal preferences; Visual question answering aims to provide a natural language answer for a given image and a free-form, open-ended, natural-language question about this image, which requires semantic understanding on natural language and visual content, as well as knowledge extraction and logic reasoning.
Formation of intracellular particles by hepatitis B virus large surface protein (1997)

Hepatitis B virus small surface protein is synthesized as a transmembrane protein of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and then buds into the lumen in the form of subviral particles that are secreted. The closely related large surface protein is also targeted to the RER but is retained in a pre-Golgi compartment and cannot be secreted. It has been assumed that the large surface protein remains as a transmembrane RER protein and hence cannot form particles, possibly because of binding to a host factor on the cytosolic face of the RER membranes. We have reexamined this question and found the following results. (i) The retained large surface protein is associated not with RER but, rather, with a more distal compartment. (ii) Electron microscopy reveals intravesicular 20-nm particles, similar to those formed by the small surface protein. (iii) The large surface protein colocalizes with and binds to calnexin, an ER chaperone protein. Therefore, our results indicate that the large surface protein is capable of budding and forming particles, and hence its intracellular retention cannot be attributed to a cytosolic factor. We interpret the data as evidence that the large surface protein is retained by virtue of interacting with calnexin, a component of what is considered the quality control mechanism of the ER.
Multipass GPU surface rendering in 4D ultrasound (2012)

4D ultrasound imaging extends the real-time ca-pability of ultrasound to display a real-time volume, which can then be explored by the sonographer. Surface Rendering is one of the common modes used to display the 3D datasets. Surface shading is required to visualize the surface and en-hances the surface contrast. Here, we show a surface rendering implementation based on three passes. In the first pass, ray casting is used with edge detection algorithm and then the edges are stored to viewing plan distance in the z-buffer of the 2D rendered image. In the second pass, filtration of the z-buffer is performed. This stage is so critical because the fuzzy nature of the ultrasound dataset then shade the 2D rendered image using image space shading. Finally, the third pass applies additional image processing mainly image smoothing on the rendered 2D image. The new method is applied to render volumes acquired on a research system and quality and computation time results show potential for clinical utility.
The Principle of Homologous Groups in Regulatory Affairs of Allergen Products – A Proposal (2008)

Among other legal regulations, the Note for Guidance on Allergen Products CPMP/BWP/243/96 released by the European Medicines Agency provides regulatory instructions regarding the quality of allergen extracts for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The current revision of this guideline intends to transform the so-called 'principle of taxonomic families' to the 'principle of homologous groups'. According to this concept, the data of one allergen extract demonstrating stability, efficacy and safety can, to a limited extent, be extrapolated to other allergen extracts belonging to the same homologous groups. The present work proposes the formation of homologous groups for pollen species and animal-derived materials on the basis of similar biochemical composition and homology/cross-reactivity of allergens or allergen sources. Some tree pollen species could be assigned to three different homologous groups, some weed pollen species to one homologous group and numerous grass pollen species to one homologous group on condition that data rely on single defined representative species. A homologous group for mites is limited to the Dermatophagoides species and the grouping of vertebrate-derived materials such as dander could be possible under restrictions. The criteria for the formation of the proposed homologous groups are illustrated in detail to provide an opportunity for extending existing homologous groups by further species in case of new insights in allergens and cross-reactivity of allergen sources. In this way, the concept of homologous groups could serve as a dynamic tool in the regulation of allergen products.
Clonotypic B cells in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (2009)

To the editor:

Jones and colleagues described 2 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cell lines that contain small subpopulations of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)+CD20+CD30−Igλ+ B cells, which have clonogenic potential and give rise to the typical CD30+ Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells.[1][1] Importantly
Curiosity Search: Producing Generalists by Encouraging Individuals to Continually Explore and Acquire Skills throughout Their Lifetime (2016)

Natural animals are renowned for their ability to acquire a diverse and general skill set over the course of their lifetime. However, research in artificial intelligence has yet to produce agents that acquire all or even most of the available skills in non-trivial environments. One candidate algorithm for encouraging the production of such individuals is Novelty Search, which pressures organisms to exhibit different behaviors from other individuals. However, we hypothesized that Novelty Search would produce sub-populations of specialists, in which each individual possesses a subset of skills, but no one organism acquires all or most of the skills. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm called Curiosity Search, which is designed to produce individuals that acquire as many skills as possible during their lifetime. We show that in a multiple-skill maze environment, Curiosity Search does produce individuals that explore their entire domain, while a traditional implementation of Novelty Search produces specialists. However, we reveal that when modified to encourage intra-life behavioral diversity, Novelty Search can produce organisms that explore almost as much of their environment as Curiosity Search, although Curiosity Search retains a significant performance edge. Finally, we show that Curiosity Search is a useful helper objective when combined with Novelty Search, producing individuals that acquire significantly more skills than either algorithm alone.
An efficient representation of combined indoor/outdoor 3D mobile radio-coverage (2003)

This paper describes an efficient method for visualizing the simulated received power levels at a specified site in the form of equipower scatter plots. This approach provides an easy way for inspecting the actual radio-coverage limits of a mobile network, for a specified reception threshold. For an increased degree of accuracy to be achieved, a ray launching technique has been implemented for the propagation simulations. The representation is applicable to both indoor and outdoor applications.
American National Standard Methods of Measurement of Compatibility between Wireless Communications Devices and (2006)

Uniform methods of measurement for compatibility between hearing aids and wireless communications devices are set forth.
Development of single-crystalline diamond wafers (2010)

Industrial application of diamond has been limited to the use of its hardness, e.g., in machining tools, because large size crystals of diamond are difficult to synthesize and very expensive. If these problems are solved, it can be used for various purposes. Diamond is called ‘an ultimate semiconductor’ and is located after SiC or GaN in the semiconductor roadmap. If power electronic devices with diamond are realized which utilize its operability under high temperature and the highest thermal conductivity among all materials, the inverters for automobiles can be operated without cooling devices, which lead to energy saving through the reduction of power loss as well as the reduction of weight of the cooling system. The purpose of this paper is to report the process of enlarging the size of single-crystalline diamond using vapor phase epitaxy and the fabrication of diamond wafers.
Influence of end-products inhibition and nutrient limitations on the growth of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (1997)

Journal Article Influence of end‐products inhibition and nutrient limitations on the growth of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis Get access P. Loubiere, P. Loubiere Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR‐CNRS 5504 and L.A. INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France Dr Pascal Loubiere, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Département de Génie Biochimique et Alimentaire, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, F‐31077 Toulouse Cedex, France (e‐mail:loubiere@insatlse.insa‐tlse.fr). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Cocaign‐Bousquet, M. Cocaign‐Bousquet Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR‐CNRS 5504 and L.A. INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Matos, J. Matos Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR‐CNRS 5504 and L.A. INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Goma, G. Goma Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR‐CNRS 5504 and L.A. INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.D. Lindley N.D. Lindley Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR‐CNRS 5504 and L.A. INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Applied Microbiology, Volume 82, Issue 1, 1 January 1997, Pages 95–100, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1997.tb03302.x Published: 01 January 1997 Article history Received: 25 March 1996 Revision received: 12 June 1996 Accepted: 13 June 1996 Published: 01 January 1997
The Mechanical Stability of Natural Rubber Latexes (1978)

Abstract From the information presented in this paper and from the cited literature, it is clear that the mechanical stability of natural latex can be influenced by a large number of factors. The arguments presented here suggest that the effects of most of these factors are explicable in terms of classical colloidal stability theory. It is suggested that the ionic strength of the aqueous phase of natural latex is a key feature in determining stability because of its effects on the electrical double layers around the latex particles. Increases in ionic strength reduce stability because of compression of the electrical double layer, such compression permitting closer approach of adjacent particles, and consequently, an increase in the attractive forces between them. Other phenomena are explained by postulating adsorption of anions at the particle surface where they have the effect of increasing the potential of the surface and therefore the repulsive force between adjacent particles—the attractive force being presumed to remain constant. It is believed that not all of the possible factors influencing the mechanical stability of natural latex concentrates have yet been discovered and, more generally, that the specific effects of anions on colloidal stability remain to be evaluated. In this context further investigation of the nonvolatile acid anions present in natural latex could be worthwhile. The way in which the mechanical stability of natural latex concentrates is affected by both internal and external factors and the means which latex producers use to control this characteristic have been shown. The results presented here illustrate the sensitivity of the mechanical stability test as a measure of the stability of the latex particle to mechanical influences and thereby indicate its value both to the producer and consumer of natural latex.
Gradient-index doped silica rod lenses produced by a solgel method (1990)

Radial-GRIN rod lenses of titanium doped silica have been prepared by a solgel process using metal alkoxides. The obtained rods with parabolic index distribution give high efficiency in coupling with optical fibers as well as good image resolution. Moreover they exhibit good stability in an adverse environment such as high temperature, high humidity, and strong radiation.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Targeting Prevents Uncoupling of the Grb2-SOS Complex (1996)

Insulin stimulates the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway leading to feedback phosphorylation of the Ras guanylnucleotide exchange protein SOS and dissociation of Grb2 from SOS. Even though epidermal growth factor (EGF) also stimulates ERK activity and phosphorylation of SOS similar to insulin, EGF induces a dissociation of the Grb2-SOS complex from Shc. To determine the molecular basis for this difference, we examined the signaling properties of a mutant EGF receptor lacking the five major autophosphorylation sites. Although EGF stimulation of the mutant EGF receptor activates ERK and phosphorylation of both Shc and SOS, it fails to directly associate with either Shc or Grb2. However, under these conditions EGF induces a dissociation of the Grb2-SOS complex suggesting a role for receptor and/or plasma membrane targeting in the stabilization of Grb2-SOS interaction. Consistent with this hypothesis, expression of an SH2 domain Grb2 mutant which is unable to mediate plasma membrane targeting of the Grb2-SOS complex results in both insulin- and EGF-stimulated uncoupling of Grb2 from SOS. Furthermore, a plasma membrane-bound Grb2 fusion protein remains constitutively associated with SOS. Together, these data demonstrate that EGF stimulation prevents the feedback uncoupling of Grb2 from SOS by inducing a persistent plasma membrane receptor targeting of the Grb2-SOS complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Thin‐Film Media. ‐ Current and Future Technology (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Detecting Protein-Protein Interactions Using <i>Renilla</i> Luciferase Fusion Proteins (2002)

We have developed a novel system designated the luciferase assay for protein detection (LAPD) to study protein-protein interactions. This method involves two protein fusions, a soluble reporter fusion and a fusion for immobilizing the target protein. The soluble reporter is an N-terminal Renilla luciferase fusion protein that exhibits high Renilla luciferase activity. Crude cleared lysates from transfected Cos1 cells that express the Renilla luciferase fusion protein can be used in binding assays with immobilized target proteins. Following incubation and washing, target-bound Renilla luciferase fusion proteins produce light from the coelenterazine substrate, indicating an interaction between the two proteins of interest. As proof of the principle, we reproduced known, transient protein-protein interactions between the Cdc42 GTPase and its effector proteins. GTPase Renilla fusion proteins produced in Cos1 cells were tested with immobilized recombinant GST-N-WASP and CEP5 effector proteins. Using this assay, we could detect specific interactions of Cdc42 with these effector proteins in approximately 50 min. The specificity of these interactions was demonstrated by showing that they were GTPase-specific and GTP-dependent and not seen with other unrelated target proteins. These results suggest that the LAPD method, which is both rapid and sensitive, may have research and practical applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Ba<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>6.67</sub>Se<sub>13</sub> and Its Filled Variants Ba<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>6</sub>PbSe<sub>13</sub> and Ba<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>6</sub>SnSe<sub>13</sub>. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A neural piecewise linear classifier for pattern classification (2002)

A neural piecewise linear classifier, based on the Kohonen learning vector quantization (LVQ2) and the Kohonen self-organizing feature map is proposed. The classifier has two stages and a feedback loop. In the first stage, the Kohonen self-organizing feature map network is used to find the approximate position of the prototype vectors for each class. In the second stage, the Kohonen LVQ2 supervised learning algorithm is used to fine-tune the position of the approximate prototype vectors. The accuracy of the classifier is improved by adding an adaptive feedback scheme. Depending on the intrinsic complexity of the class distribution and overall partitioning of the space, the neural classifier automatically increases the number of neurons, improving the error performance. The classifier was tested on a set of high-dimensional real data obtained from ship images. The performance is compared with a piecewise linear tree classifier and a neural classifier.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Absorbable, delayed-release antibiotic beads reduce surgical wound infection. (1997)

Absorbable, polyglycolic acid (PGA) beads were evaluated as a new vehicle for local antibiotic delivery. Incisions on the dorsa of guinea pigs were contaminated with 1 x 10(8) Escherichia coli and 1 x 10(8) Staphylococcus aureus. PGA beads containing either minocycline, amikacin, or no antibiotic (placebo) were placed into these wounds and compared to animals treated with systemic minocycline or amikacin alone. The diameter of wound erythema was measured daily for 7 days. Serial blood and wound quantitative cultures were obtained, and serum and wound antibiotic concentrations were determined. Both minocycline-PGA and amikacin-PGA-treated wounds exhibited less erythema than placebo-PGA wounds (P < 0.05). All minocycline-PGA and amikacin-PGA-treated wounds healed primarily, whereas 67 per cent of placebo-PGA wounds developed purulence, dehisced, and healed secondarily. Local antibiotic delivery was more effective than systemic administration in reducing wound erythema and the number of bacteria in wound quantitative cultures. E. coli and S. aureus were quantitatively reduced (P < 0.05) in wounds of antibiotic PGA-treated animals compared to those in placebo-PGA-treated and systemic minocycline and systemic amikacin-treated animals. Measurable minocycline and amikacin concentrations were present in antibiotic-PGA-treated wounds through day 3, without detectable serum levels. Delayed-release, absorbable, antibiotic-containing PGA beads effectively prevent infection in contaminated wounds and have the advantage of not requiring vehicle removal.