gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoelectrochemistry of Si/polymer and Si/metal/solution interfaces (2007)

Part I of this thesis describes the formation of a silicon/polypyrrole junction utilizing a new method of polypyrrole polymerization which was developed in the Lewis Group by Dr. Michael Freund. This new method involves the chemical oxidation of pyrrole to form smooth, conducting polypyrrole films upon solvent evaporation. This polymerization process allows semiconductor/polymer junctions to be formed without exposing the silicon surface to harmful oxidative currents used in electrochemical polymerizations. The studies described herein demonstrate the formation of a stable, rectifying junction between silicon and chemically polymerized polypyrrole. Part II of this thesis describes work related to a recent hypothesis regarding the charge-transfer processes of metal-coated silicon electrodes in methanol solutions, proposed by Ming Tan of the Lewis Group. The silicon is modified by depositing thin metal lines onto the surface, which facilitate electron-transfer between the silicon and the solution and limit direct charge transfer through the silicon/solution interface. The design of these devices allows examination of the interaction of semiconductor/metal and semiconductor/liquid junction characteristics as a function of the size and distribution of metal lines.
Polymethylene tetraamines as muscarinic receptor probes. (1989)

The possibility that polymethylene tetraamines act as divalent ligands has been explored. Structure-activity relationship studies among polymethylene tetraamines have shown that four nitrogens are necessary for high affinity binding to M2 receptors while being less important for M3 muscarinic receptors. Replacement of one terminal methoxybenzyl group of the potent and selective muscarinic antagonist methoctramine by different moieties led to weaker antagonists suggesting that the two terminal nitrogens of methoctramine interact with two similar receptor sites. Data are presented which suggest that methoctramine might interact with four acidic residues of the receptor: two residues are buried in the third transmembrane segment whereas the others are located extracellularly on the loop 4-5 which may represent the allosteric site where several antagonists such as gallamine bind. An hypothetical model describing the interaction of methoctramine with the M2 receptor is proposed. It may provide a useful working hypothesis for the design of new selective muscarinic ligands.
Load Pull Characterization of GaN/AlGaN HEMTs (2006)

This work presents a large signal characterization of a high power GaN/AlGaN HEMT transistor utilizing a harmonic load pull setup. Two different methods for passive automated tuners have been compared to synthesize the load impedances
Segmentation-driven perceptual quality metrics (2005)

We present a full-reference and a no-reference perceptual video quality metric that incorporate both low-level and high-level aspects of vision. Low-level aspects include color perception, contrast sensitivity, masking as well as artifact analysis. High-level aspects take into account the cognitive behavior of an observer when watching a video by means of semantic segmentation. Using the special case of semantic face segmentation, we evaluate the proposed segmentation-driven perceptual quality metrics using a range of test sequences and demonstrate an improvement of their prediction performance.
The murine buccal mucosa is an inductive site for priming class I-restricted CD8+ effector T cells<i>in vivo</i> (1998)

SUMMARY The present study shows that Langerhans cells of the buccal mucosa and the skin share a similar phenotype, including in situ expression of MHC class II, the mannose receptor DEC-205 and CD11c, and absence of the costimulatory molecules B7.1, B7.2 and CD40 as well as Fas. Application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) onto the buccal mucosa is associated with a rapid migration of dendritic cells (DC) to the epithelium and induction of B7.2 expression on some DC. Buccal sensitization with DNFB elicited a specific contact sensitivity (CS) in response to skin challenge, mediated by class I-restricted CD8+ effector T cells and down-regulated by class II-restricted CD4+ T cells, demonstrated by the lack of priming of class I-deficient mice and the enhanced response of class II-deficient mice, respectively. CS induced by buccal immunization is associated with priming of class I-restricted CD8+ effector T cells endowed with hapten-specific cytotoxic activity. Thus, the buccal epithelium is an inductive site, equivalent to the epidermis, for the generation of CS independent of CD4 help, and of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses mediated by class I-restricted CD8+ T cells. We propose that immunization through the buccal mucosa, which allows antigen presentation by epithelial DC efficient for priming systemic class I-restricted CD8+ CTL, may be a valuable approach for single-dose mucosal vaccination with subunit vaccines.
Keratin 23 (K23), a novel acidic keratin, is highly induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors during differentiation of pancreatic cancer cells (2001)

Sodium butyrate (NaBu) was shown to induce differentiation and apoptosis in the human pancreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1. A suppression subtractive hybridization-based technique was used to identify genes induced by NaBu. A novel cDNA was found to be highly up-regulated in AsPC-1 cells in response to NaBu. The gene expresses a 1.65-kb mRNA encoding a protein with an open reading frame of 422 amino acids. It has an intermediate filament signature sequence and extensive homology to type I keratins. Sequence comparison with known keratins indicated that the gene shares 42-46% amino acid identity and 60-65% similarity within the alpha-helical rod domain. The gene is named K23 (for human type I Keratin 23, KRT23). K23 mRNA was highly induced by NaBu in different pancreatic cancer cells. Trichostatin A (TSA), a potent and specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase, similarly induced K23 mRNA expression. Treatment with either actinomycin D or cycloheximide efficiently blocked the induction of K23 mRNA by NaBu/TSA. These results indicate that K23 mRNA induction by NaBu or TSA is a downstream event of histone hyperacetylation. We also demonstrated that expression of p21(WAF1/CIP1) antisense RNA efficiently blocked the induction of K23 mRNA induced by NaBu. Our results suggest that K23 is a novel member of the acidic keratin family that is induced in pancreatic cancer cells undergoing differentiation by a mechanism involving histone hyperacetylation. p21(WAF1/CIP1) serves as an important mediator during the induction process of K23 by NaBu.
Synthesis of new amides of the N-methylpiperazine series (2011)

New carboxylic acid amides containing an N-methylpiperazine fragment were synthesized by reactions of 1-methylpiperazine or 3- and 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)aniline with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride and of 4-methyl-3-nitroaniline with 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzoyl chloride or benzotriazol-1-yl 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzoate. 4-Chloro-N-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]benzamide reacted with imidazole, quinolin-5-amine, and 2-methylquinolin-5-amine to give substituted 4-amino-N-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]benzamides. 4-Methyl-3-nitrophenyl-4-methylpiperazin-1-yl-substituted benzamides were reduced with hydrazine hydrate over Raney nickel to obtain N-(3-amino-4-methylphenyl)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzamide as key intermediate in the synthesis of antileukemic agent imatinib and its isomer with alternative position of the amide group, 4-[(3-amino-4-methylphenylamino)methyl]phenyl-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone.
Secure key generation using an ultra-long fiber laser: transient analysis and experiment (2008)

The secure distribution of a secret key is the weakest point of shared-key encryption protocols. While quantum key distribution schemes could theoretically provide unconditional security, their practical implementation remains technologically challenging. Here we provide an extended analysis and present an experimental support of a concept for a classical key generation system, based on establishing laser oscillation between two parties, which is realized using standard fiber-optic components. In our Ultra-long Fiber Laser (UFL) system, each user places a randomly chosen, spectrally selective mirror at his/her end of a fiber laser, with the two-mirror choice representing a key bit. We demonstrate the ability of each user to extract the mirror choice of the other using a simple analysis of the UFL signal, while an adversary can only reconstruct a small fraction of the key. The simplicity of this system renders it a promising alternative for practical key distribution in the optical domain.
Inflammasome activation in NADPH oxidase defective mononuclear phagocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (2010)

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited disorder characterized by recurrent infections and deregulated inflammatory responses. CGD is caused by mutations in subunits of the NADPH oxidase, an enzyme that generates reactive oxygen species in phagocytes. To elucidate the contribution of the proinflammatory protease caspase-1 to aberrant inflammatory reactions in CGD, we analyzed cells isolated from patients with defects in the phagocyte oxidase subunits p22phox, p47phox or gp91phox. We report that mononuclear phagocytes from CGD patients activated caspase-1 and produced biologically active interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in response to danger signals. Notably, caspase-1 activation and IL-1beta secretion from CGD monocytes was elevated in asymptomatic patients and strongly increased in patients with noninfectious inflammatory conditions. Treatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist reduced IL-1 production in monocytes ex vivo and during medical therapy. Our results identify phagocyte oxidase defective monocytes as a source of elevated IL-1 and provide a potential therapeutic option to ameliorate inflammatory conditions associated with CGD.
Thin Film Conductive Polymer for Microactuator and Micromuscle Applications (1994)

Abstract Conductive polymer/polyimide bimorphic microcantilevers have been actuated vertically (out-of-plane) upon the volumetric changes induced by electrochemical doping/undoping of the polymer. The microcantilevers that are 200-500 μm in length and 50-100 μm in width can be extended from a circularly-curled geometry, and thus generate more than 100 μm displacement. The power required to drive these actuators were typically less than 2 mW. Dynamically the microcantilevers have been driven as fast as 1.2 Hz and the polymer was stable for over a week stored in air and light. Residual stresses in the polymer film is estimated to be as high as 254 MPa, and actuation stresses are as high as 50 MPa.
Resonant absorption of electromagnetic fields by surface plasmons buried in a multilayered plasmonic nanostructure (2006)

The optical reflectivity of a metal-dielectric-metal microcavity in which the upper layer is periodically perforated by narrow slits is explored. Complete characterization of the observed modes in terms of their resonant electromagnetic fields is achieved by comparison of the experimental data to the predictions of a finite-element model. In particular, we demonstrate that the slits provide efficient diffractive coupling to a surface plasmon mode buried within the microcavity whose propagation is strongly confined to the dielectric layer.
Neuroprotection as a Treatment for Glaucoma: Pharmacological and Immunological Approaches (2003)

Primary open-angle glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy associated with a gradual decline in visual function, which may lead to blindness. In most cases, the optic neuropathy is associated with increased intraocular pressure. It is now generally accepted, however, that normalization of pressure, although necessary, is often not-sufficient as a remedial measure. This is because of the existence of additional factors, some of which emerge as a consequence of the initial damage. This situation is reminiscent of the response to a traumatic axonal insult, in which some of the damage is immediate and is caused by the insult itself, and some is secondary and is caused by a deficiency of growth-supportive factors as well as by toxic factors derived from the damaged tissue. Accordingly, the author has suggested that glaucoma may be viewed as a neurodegenerative disease and consequently amenable to any therapeutic intervention applicable to neurodegenerative diseases. There is evidence that neuroprotection can be achieved both pharmacologically and immunologically. Pharmacologic intervention neutralizes some of the effects of the nerve-derived toxic factors and possibly increases the ability of the remaining healthy neurons, at any given time, to cope with the stressful conditions. Immunologic intervention boosts the body's repair mechanisms for counteracting the toxicity of physiologic compounds acting as stress signals.
Automatic Detection and Recognition of Circular Road Sign (2008)

Road sign detection and recognition is an important research issue of driver assistance systems. This paper proposes a two-stage automatic detection and recognition algorithm for the most common road signs in China. In the first phase, color segmentation and Hough transform are used for ROI detection. Considering the difference between the actual road signs and standard road signs, the pictograph on road signs is extracted for recognition. Adaptive Hausdorff distance based on similarity weighting is employed in the recognition phase. The experiment results show the effectiveness for recognition and the insensitivity to slight occlusion.
Grundlegung (2000)

Die Veränderung von Geschäftsprozessen hat nicht nur Auswirkungen auf die Struktur und die Ablauforganisation von Unternehmen. Die Geschäftsprozeßveränderung greift auch stark in die „weichen“ Faktoren wie Unternehmenskultur und Human-Ressourcen ein. Ein grundlegendes Problem für Unternehmen im Zusammenhang mit Geschäftsprozeßveränderungen besteht jedoch darin, daß sowohl in der Wissenschaft als auch in der Unternehmenspraxis eine Konzentration auf harte, sichtbare und schnell veränderbare Faktoren (z. B. Abbau von Hierarchieebenen) festzustellen ist. Dabei wird die eher längerfristige Beeinflussung von weichen Faktoren systematisch vernachlässigt1; weiche Faktoren werden nicht einer näheren Betrachtung unterzogen. In der Konsequenz führt dies u. a. dazu, daß nachhaltige Produktivitätssteigerungen nur noch über die gezielte Steuerung von weichen Faktoren zu erreichen sind, da die „harten“ Faktoren bereits in der Vergangenheit nachhaltigen Veränderungen unterzogen wurden. Homburg/Hocke sehen in diesem mangelhaften Management von weichen Faktoren, und dabei insbesondere von Human-Ressourcen, eine zentrale Ursache für das Scheitern von Geschäftsprozeßveränderungen in der Praxis.2
WATER TECHNOLOGY‐Study of Arsenic Removal From Drinking Water (1973)

In a certain area in Taiwan, there are wells whose water flows from a depth of more than 500 ft. The water, however, has a high concentration of arsenic and the incidence of a particular disease claiming the lives of village residents is said to stem from the “poisoned” water. The author describes the succession of procedures (and their results) adopted to prove the feasibility of leaching the arsenic from the water.
The Application of Diffusion‐ and Perfusion‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Therapy of Acute Cerebral Infarction (2006)

Diffusion- and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI and PWI) was applied for stroke diagnose in 120 acute (< 48 h) ischemic stroke patients. At hyperacute (< 6 h) stage, it is difficult to find out the infarction zone in conventional T1 or T2 image, but it is easy in DWI, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map; when at 3-6-hour stage it is also easy in PWI, cerebral blood flow (CBF) map, cerebral blood volume (CBV) map, and mean transit time (MTT) map; at acute (6-48 h) stage, DWI or PWI is more sensitive than conventional T1 or T2 image too. Combining DWI with ADC, acute and chronic infarction can be distinguished. Besides, penumbra which should be developed in meaning was used as an indication or to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. There were two cases (< 1.5 h) that broke the model of penumbra because abnormity was found in DWI but not that in PWI, finally they recovered without any sequela.
Defragmenting really speeds up Windows NT machines (2000)

When they want to improve the operation of a PC running the Windows NT operating system, most people think of adding RAM or upgrading to a more powerful processor. Research proves there is a simpler solution: every so often, reorder the disk contents so that every file is stored in one piece, butted up against the next file. Files these days are usually fragmented and the fragments scattered all over the disk. When they are not, the disk drive's read/write head has less distance to travel and the left-over free space, being all in one place, will accept a larger chunk of file data. This defragmentation can more than triple system responsiveness, according to a study by the independent software testing laboratory NSTL Inc., Conshohocken, Pa. Just by running software that organizes a disk's contents properly both individuals and corporations can enjoy faster system performance.
Mechanism of the Catalytic Conversion of Methanol to Hydrocarbons (2012)

The discovery of the dual aromatic- and olefin-based catalytic cycles in methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) catalysis on acid zeolites has given a new context for rationalizing structure–function relationships for this complex chemistry. This perspective examines six major chemistries involved in the hydrocarbon pool mechanism for MTH—olefin methylation, olefin cracking, hydrogen transfer, cyclization, aromatic methylation, and aromatic dealkylation—with a focus on what is known about the rate and mechanism of these chemistries. The current mechanistic understanding of MTH limits structure–function relationships to the effect of the zeolite framework on the identity of the hydrocarbon pool and the resulting product selectivity. We emphasize the need for assessing the consequences of zeolite structure in MTH in terms of experimentally measured rates and activation barriers for individual reaction steps and in terms of speciation preferences within the dual olefin- and aromatic-catalytic cycles to alter their relative propagation. In the absence of individual reaction rates, we propose using ethene/isobutane selectivity as a measure to describe the relative rates of propagation for the aromatic- and olefin-based cycles.
Cooperative Network Coding-Aware Routing for Multi-Rate Wireless Networks (2009)

Recent research has proven that network coding has great potential to improve network throughput in wireless networks. To fully exploit the performance gain brought by network coding, coding-aware routing has been studied to proactively change route of flows for creating more coding opportunities. However, in today's multi-rate wireless networks, coding may not be a wise decision as the lowest rate has to be used for coded information broadcasting, which causes significant resource waste for the high-rate links. In this paper, we propose the idea of cooperative network coding (CNC) to exploit spatial diversity for improving coding opportunity. We provide a theoretical formulation for calculating the maximal throughput of unicast traffic that can be achieved with CNC in multi-rate wireless networks. CNC-aware routing under both Alice-Bob and X-structure are discussed in this paper. The performance evaluation demonstrates that a CNC-aware route selection scheme that leverages cooperative communication to improve coding opportunity leads to higher end-to-end throughput comparing with the coding-oblivious and traditional coding-aware schemes.
Principles of pharmacological research of nutraceuticals (2017)

This article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc.
Special Edition Using Microsoft FrontPage 2000 (1999)

Special Edition Using Microsoft FrontPage 2000 is an all-in-one guide to designing, creating, and publishing on the World Wide Web and on intranets with the leading tool on the market. The book fully documents the product and its features, but it also gives you a solid foundation in the principles of planning and design. More advanced coverage shows you how to integrate Web sites with databases and add Dynamic HTML, XML, and Java applets to your Web sites.
251. Compounds related to thiosemicarbazide. Part II. 1-Benzoylthiosemicarbazides (1949)

E. Hoggarth, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 1163 DOI: 10.1039/JR9490001163
Engineering Management Education - Challenges and Solutions (1994)

This paper outlines employers' needs which are not currently met by undergraduate courses and then advocates that continuing education in technology and management be formalised and structured over several years after graduation to remedy the situation. Finally, it outlines a scheme which involves active involvement of three parties - the engineer, the employer and the academic institutes.
Rapid Specific and Label-Free Detection of Porcine Rotavirus Using Photonic Crystal Biosensors (2009)

A rapid, label-free assay using photonic crystal biosensors for the direct detection of intact viable rotaviruses is demonstrated. This paper describes the design and operation of the biosensor, surface functionalization with anti-rotavirus antibody, characterization of the detection sensitivity, and demonstration of specificity with respect to non-target virus particles. A 30-min assay of a partially processed water sample yielded a detection sensitivity of 36 virus focus forming units without the use of any external reagents. This sensitivity is comparable to commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. These results suggest photonic crystal biosensors may be useful for real-time monitoring of virus contamination of environmental water resources.
Holographic characterization of imperfect colloidal spheres (2015)

We demonstrate precise measurements of the size and refractive index of individual dimpled colloidal spheres using holographic characterization techniques developed for ideal spheres.
Bruxelles et la culture (2016)

Constats Le contexte général Avec le processus de globalisation, le développement économique s’est progressivement déplacé de la production de biens industriels vers l’investissement dans des biens et services immatériels (copyrights, brevets, tourisme, création d’événements, d’images de marques…) parmi lesquels la culture occupe une position grandissante. Dans la concurrence que mènent entre elles les villes, la culture au sens large devient clairement un facteur de développement et d’attrac...