gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dyson (R.W.) éd Giles of Rome on Ecclesiastical Power. The De Ecclesiastica Potestate of Aegidius Romanus (1987)

Genet Jean-Philippe. Dyson (R.W.) éd Giles of Rome on Ecclesiastical Power. The De Ecclesiastica Potestate of Aegidius Romanus. In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions, n°64/2, 1987. pp. 265-266.
Phylogenesis and Genetic Complexity of the Nonhuman Primate Retroviridae (1994)

The three known groups of nonhuman primate retroviruses (simian immunodeficiency virus, simian T cell lymphotropic/leukemic virus type I, and simian foamy virus) are thought to have equivalent human counterparts. This is clearly the case with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, the causative agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and with human T cell lymphotropic/leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), which causes T cell leukemia and a progressive form of myelopathy (tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy), and HTLV-II. However, the presence of spumaviruses (foamy viruses) in humans remains uncertain. Data accumulated in the last 5 years suggest the possibility that the human retroviruses are indeed the result of transmission of simian retroviruses to humans. In this article we attempt to parallel the genetic features of the simian retroviridae with their human counterparts and argue for the possibility of horizontal transmission of these viruses from monkeys to humans.
Influence of AV Synchrony on the Plasma Levels of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) in Patients with Total AV Block (1988)

ANP was determined in 13 patients with DDD pacemakers due to total AV hock, at rest and during bicycle ergomeny under both pacing modes, DDD and WI (70/min). Under DDD pacing, the mean ANP level (normal range 5–95 pg/mL) at rest was 36 ± 18 pg/mL (mean ± SD) and increased significantly by the /actor of 3.5 so 1 27 pg/mL during exercise (p < 0.01). By just changing the pacing mode to VVI, the ANP levels rose to 73 ± 28 pg/mL (p < 0.01) at rest (= 203% of DDD resting level) and to 216 ± 184 pg/mL (= 170% of DDD peak level) during exercise P < 0.01). These results show that under AV synchronous pacing, the ANP levels we generally lower. A possible explanation for this increased release of ANP during asynchronous WI pacing is the acute increase of the atrial wall tension which occurs when the atria contacts during the systole against closed AV valves.
Genes and Proteins in Renal Development (2002)

Metanephric kidney development begins with the formation of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme; this event depends on the prior action in the intermediate mesoderm of transcription factors such as Lim-1, Pax-2, Eya-1, and Foxc-1. Once it has formed, the mesenchyme secretes GDNF; this induces the nearby wolffian duct to produce a ureteric bud which invades the metanephrogenic mesenchyme and begins to arborize. Ureteric bud development and branching depends on the transcription factor Emx-2, the GDNF-cRet and probably the HGF/cMet, signalling systems, and the intracellular regulatory molecules formin IV and timeless. Proteins of the BMP family modulate ureteric bud branching and keep bud development in step with that of other tissue types. Proteins and glycosaminoglycans of the matrix, and their receptors, and also required. The metanephrogenic mesenchyme has a default fate of apoptosis and is dissuaded from suicide by factors secreted from the bud such as TGF-alpha, TIMP-2, EGF, and FGF-2. Other factors such as LIF and TGFbeta2 cooperate with these to induce clumps of mesenchyme cells to differentiate into nephrons, while BMP-7 appears to lead them instead to form stroma. As nephrons form, they express critical transcription factors such as WT-1, Pax-2, and Hoxa11 and d11, condense, and secrete Wnt-4. Wnt-4 acts in an autocrine loop to stimulate its own synthesis and is required for cells to differentiate into epithelia; its action is antagonized by sFRP-1, secreted by stroma, but this antagonism is itself inhibited by sFRP-2 made by the developing nephron. This system probably acts both to limit the spread of Wnt-4's influence and also to commit responding cells to their epithelial fate. As nephrons mature, regions of them differentiate to perform specific physiological functions, a process that requires the proteins WT-1, Lmx-1b, Notch-2, Jagged-1, and Hnf-1.
The Use of Boron Products in Cellulose Insulation (1979)

The various aspects of the use of boron products in cellulose insulation are discussed.
An EMG-controlled grasping system for tetraplegics. (1995)

A two-channel, portable, battery operated, functional electrical stimulation (FES) system with surface electrodes to enhance grasping in tetraplegics was developed and tested. This system is meant for tetraplegics capable of grasping by tenodesis. Candidates for this system must retain some wrist extension, and have paralyzed but innervated finger flexors, and nearly normal shoulder and elbow coordination within the working space. The control signal that turns the stimulation of forearm finger and thumb flexors on and off is based on the detection of the threshold of the amplified, rectified, and integrated electromyographic recordings using surface electrodes positioned over the wrist extensors. The voluntary contraction of wrist extensors is suitable for triggering the stimulation, and it is reproducible enough for daily home use. The new device was tested on subjects with tetraplegia, and the general conclusions are: 1) the system increases the strength of the grasp: 2) no side effects or related problems were noticed: 3) the training period is short: 4) the reliability of the operation is good; and, 5) the design of the analog part of the system allows its easy integration into a computerized device. Functional tests of the system showed that some of the study subjects did not benefit from this approach due to disuse and denervation types of muscle atrophy of their finger flexors, lack of controllable wrist extension, curled resting position of distal and proximal interphalangeal (IP) joints, and/or inability to bring the thumb in the opposition of fingers.
Distributed information filtering using consensus filters (2009)

In this paper we present a new information consensus filter for distributed dynamic-state estimation. Estimation is handled by the traditional information filter, while communication of measurements is handled by a consensus filter. First and second-order statistics of local estimates are discussed. It is shown that local information consensus filter estimates are unbiased, and the actual variance of the local estimation errors is comparable to a centralized estimate. However, local agents believe their local estimates are less accurate.
Pipeline synthesis and optimization for reconfigurable custom computing machines (1997)

This paper presents a pipeline synthesis and optimization technique for high-level language programming of reconfigurable Custom Computing Machines. The circuit synthesis generates hardware accelerators from a sequential program which exploit the reconfigurable hardware's parallelism. Program loops are transformed to structural hardware specifications. The optimization algorithm uses integer linear programming to balance and pipeline the circuit's registers. This global optimization determines the minimal amount of flip-flops necessary for an optimal pipeline throughput. It also considers the irregular flip-flop distribution on FPGAs. Standard interface circuitry and a runtime system provide the connection between the accelerator unit and its host computer. An integrated compiler invokes the synthesis and produces a program which downloads, calls and controls its hardware accelerators automatically.
A preliminary report: YAG laser treatment in pediatric dentistry. (1991)

Pediatric dentistry offers many opportunities to employ lasers. Observations of laser uses with the primary dentition and evaluation of laser anesthesia for permanent premolars are presented in this preliminary report. Soft tissue surgery with children and adolescents is described. Dentin became desensitized with normal pulp test readings and histology when premolars were given laser exposure. Patient acceptance was high. Enamel conditioning for bonding, decay removal, root canal cleansing and exposing unerupted teeth are the most common procedures.
Increased gadd153 messenger RNA level is associated with apoptosis in human leukemic cells treated with etoposide. (1997)

Treatment of leukemic cells with topoisomerase inhibitors can lead to growth arrest and subsequent apoptotic cell death. The relationships between cell cycle regulation and apoptosis triggering remain poorly understood. The gadd153 gene encodes the nuclear protein CHOP 10 that acts as a negative modulator of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein transcriptional factors and inhibits cell cycle progression. We have investigated the relationships between gadd153 gene expression and apoptosis induction in four human leukemic cell lines with different sensitivities to apoptosis induced by etoposide (VP-16), a topoisomerase II inhibitor. The gadd153 gene was constitutively expressed in the four studied cell lines. In U937 and HL-60 cells that were very sensitive to apoptosis induction by the drug, VP-16 induced a time- and dose-dependent increase of gadd153 gene mRNA expression. Using agarose gel electrophoresis and a quantitative filter elution assay, apoptotic DNA fragmentation was observed to begin when gadd153 gene expression increased. Equitoxic doses of VP-16 (as defined using a 96-h 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay) did not increase the gadd153 mRNA level in K562 and KCL22 cell lines that were more resistant to apoptosis induction by the drug. Nuclear run-on and mRNA stability experiments demonstrated that VP-16 treatment increased gadd153 gene transcription in the sensitive U937 cells. Cycloheximide did not prevent gadd153 expression increase. Both gadd153 mRNA level increase and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation were inhibited by N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethylketone, a serine threonine protease inhibitor, N-acetyl-leucyl-leucyl-norleucinal, an inhibitor of calpain, N-acetylcysteine, an inhibitor of oxidative metabolism, and overexpression of Bcl-2. Z-VAD and Z-DEVD peptides that inhibit interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme-like proteases suppressed DNA fragmentation without preventing gadd153 mRNA increase in VP-16-treated U937 cells. These results indicate that gadd153 gene expression increase occurs downstream of events sensitive to N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethylketone, calpain inhibitor I, and Bcl-2 and upstream of interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme-related proteases activation in leukemic cells in which treatment with VP-16 induces rapid apoptosis.
Growth of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> in Skim Milk Concentrates (1972)

The influence of various levels of skim milk solids and temperature on the duration of lag phase, growth rate, and extent of growth of Salmonella typhimurium was investigated. The effect on growth of salmonellae (and a strain of Escherichia coli) of reduced pressure at a constant solids level and under conditions simulating vacuum condensation of skim milk was also studied. S. typhimurium grew when inoculated into skim milk solutions ranging from 10 to 60% solids and over a temperature range of 23 to 44 C. At 10 to 12 C, growth was evident only in the 10% skim milk. As the total solids level was increased or incubation temperature was deviated from the optimum, or both, there was an increase in the lag phase and generation time of salmonellae. A lower cell population also resulted. The generation time at 37 C of S. typhimurium incubated at atmospheric pressure was approximately one-half that in skim milk concentrates held under reduced pressure. In addition, a slightly longer lag phase and lower cell yield characterized the growth under reduced pressure. Concentration of skim milk had little or no effect on viability of salmonellae or E. coli when the vapor temperature in the vacuum pan was below the maximum growth temperature for salmonellae. Increasing the vapor temperature to 48 C caused a two-log reduction in viable organisms during the concentrating period (65 min).
Mobile data traffic offloading by means of Wi-Fi technology (2011)

Possible options for reducing the data traffic through the base station are proposed. The recommendations on various options for uses of technology WI-FI networks of mobile operators are given. We consider two architectures to reduce the workload of the GSM network and the possibility of improving the performance of existing networks and obtain high economic returns without transition to next generation networks.
From Dust to Dawn: Practically Efficient Two-Party Secure Function Evaluation Protocols and their Modular Design. (2010)

General two-party Secure Function Evaluation (SFE) allows mutually distrusting parties to (jointly) correctly compute any function on their private input data, without revealing the inputs. SFE, properly designed, guarantees to satisfy the most stringent security requirements, even for interactive computation. Two-party SFE can benefit almost any client-server interaction where privacy is required, such as privacy-preserving credit checking, medical classification, or face recognition. Today, SFE is subject of an immense amount of research in a variety of directions, and is not easy to navigate. In this paper, we systematize the most practically important work of the vast research knowledge on general SFE. It turns out that the most efficient SFE protocols today are obtained by combining several basic techniques, such as garbled circuits and homomorphic encryption. We limit our detailed discussion to efficient general techniques. In particular, we do not discuss the details of currently practically inefficient techniques, such as fully homomorphic encryption (although we elaborate on its practical relevance), nor do we cover specialized techniques applicable only to small classes of functions. As an important practical contribution, we present a framework in which today’s practically most
MMT - A Further Evaluation (1977)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">MMT (methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl) is an antiknock additive for the unleaded gasoline that is now required for cars equipped with catalytic converters. Because of its effectiveness, MMT is economically attractive compared with achieving antiknock quality by refinery processing.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper updates an earlier SAE paper. Whereas the earlier paper evaluated all aspects of MMT use as an antiknock, this paper is primarily limited to analysis of the possible effects of MMT on exhaust emissions, catalyst plugging, and spark plug life. The results of recent tests and a report on a fleet test currently in progress are included.</div>
SmartDroid (2012)

User interface (UI) interactions are essential to Android applications, as many Activities require UI interactions to be triggered. This kind of UI interactions could also help malicious apps to hide their sensitive behaviors (e.g., sending SMS or getting the user's device ID) from being detected by dynamic analysis tools such as TaintDroid, because simply running the app, but without proper UI interactions, will not lead to the exposure of sensitive behaviors. In this paper we focus on the challenging task of triggering a certain behavior through automated UI interactions. In particular, we propose a hybrid static and dynamic analysis method to reveal UI-based trigger conditions in Android applications. Our method first uses static analysis to extract expected activity switch paths by analyzing both Activity and Function Call Graphs, and then uses dynamic analysis to traverse each UI elements and explore the UI interaction paths towards the sensitive APIs. We implement a prototype system SmartDroid and show that it can automatically and efficiently detect the UI-based trigger conditions required to expose the sensitive behavior of several Android malwares, which otherwise cannot be detected with existing techniques such as TaintDroid.
A conceptual framework for man-machine everything (1973)

This paper is not about everything between man and machine, but about man-machine everything, that is, the desirable future condition where most of our information and tasks are attractively and comprehensibly united through man-mechanisms. The breadth of possibilities is mind-boggling, but it does not seem to be clear to people yet that they are possibilities for the choosing, rather than eventualities to be engineered. The myth of technical determinism seems to hold captive both the public and the computer priesthood. Indeed, the myth is believed both by people who love, and by people who hate, computers. This myth, never questioned because never stated, holds that whatever is to come in the computer field is somehow preordained by technical necessity or some form of scientific correctness. This is cybercrud.
Dynamic Analysis of the Multi-Span Beam on Elastic Foundation Part two : Dynamic Response for the Moving Loads (1991)

The structures such as railway bridges can be modelled as the multi-span beam on the elastic foundation. These structures are usually subject to the moving load, which has a great effect on dynamic stresses and can cause severe motions, especially at high velocities. In this paper, the dynamic responses of the multi-span beam on the elastic foundation were obtained by using the Galerkin's method and the numerical time integration technique. As trial functions, the same orthogonal polynomial functions obtained in part 1, were used. From the numerical results, it was found that the one term expansion of the assumed solution usually leads to the accurate solutions. However, in the case that the stiffness of the transnational spring is very high or the rotational spring is placed where the slope of the first mode is zero, the higher modes must be included to obtain the accurate solutions.
Protein–lipid interactions studied with designed transmembrane peptides: role of hydrophobic matching and interfacial anchoring (Review) (2003)

Biological membranes are characterized by a heterogeneous composition, which is not only manifested in the wide variety of their components, but also in aspects like the lateral organization, topology, and conformation of proteins and lipids. In bringing about the correct membrane structure, protein-lipid interactions can be expected to play a prominent role. The extent of hydrophobic matching between transmembrane protein segments and lipids potentially constitutes a versatile director of membrane organization, because a tendency to avoid hydrophobic mismatch could result in compensating adaptations such as tilt of the transmembrane segment or segregation into distinct domains. Also, interfacial interactions between lipid headgroups and the aromatic and charged residues that typically flank transmembrane domains may act as an organizing element. In this review, we discuss the numerous model studies that have systematically explored the influence of hydrophobic matching and interfacial anchoring on membrane structure. Designed peptides consisting of a polyleucine or polyleucine/alanine hydrophobic stretch, which is flanked on both sides by tryptophan or lysine residues, reflect the general layout of transmembrane protein segments. It is shown for phosphatidylcholine bilayers and for other model membranes that these peptides adapt a transmembrane topology without extensive peptide or lipid adaptations under conditions of hydrophobic matching, but that significant rearrangements can result from hydrophobic mismatch. Moreover, these effects depend on the nature of the flanking residues, implying a modulation of the mismatch response by interfacial interactions of the flanking residues. The implications of these model studies for the organization of biomembranes are discussed in the context of recent experiments with more complex systems.
A Staggered Ordering Policy for One-Warehouse, Multiretailer Systems (2000)

We consider a one-warehouse, N-identical-retailer model. Random demands occur at the retailers with complete backlogging. The retailers replenish their inventories from the warehouse, which in turn orders from an outside supplier with unlimited stock. Each retailer places an order every N periods according to a base-stock policy, and the reorder intervals of the retailers are staggered so that only one retailer places an order in each period. The warehouse orders according to an (s, S) policy based on its own inventory position. We consider two allocation policies, past priority allocation (PPA) and current priority allocation (CPA), which specify how the retailer orders are filled at the warehouse. For the PPA model, we provide an exact procedure for computing the long-run average total cost. Based on the exact procedure, we develop an approximate model that can be used to determine near-optimal control parameters for both the PPA and the CPA model. We conduct a computational study to test the effectiveness of the approximate model and to compare the performance of the two allocation policies.
GaP1−<i>x</i>N<i>x</i> alloys formed by ion implantation (1995)

GaP1−xNx alloys (x=0.02–0.07 and x≂0.99) have been formed by ion implantation of Ga+ and N+ into GaP. X-ray diffraction measurements proved that both a wurtzite structure and a zincblende structure of the crystals have been formed within the implanted layers. They are similar to but not the same as GaN and GaP, respectively. An emission band at an energy higher than the energy gap of GaP appeared on the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the implanted layers and consists of several components. Formation of the alloy and origins of the PL components are discussed.
Super computers: a strategic imperative (1984)

An overview is given on the status of supercomputers in the US in regard to funding, research programs, applications and design.
The Use of Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR for Prostate-Specific Antigen mRNA to Discriminate between Blood Samples from Healthy Volunteers and from Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2004)

Quantitative RT-PCR discriminates patients with metastatic prostate cancer from healthy volunteers and patients with localized prostate cancer but cannot discriminate patients with localized prostate cancer from healthy volunteers. A role for quantitative RT-PCR has been identified in the assessment and monitoring of patients with metastatic prostate cancer.