gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Locating Subsurface Targets Using Minimal GPR Measurements (2006)

This paper describes a novel approach which finds probable target areas in ground penetrating radars (GPR) with minimal number of measurements. A subsurface GPR target creates a hyperbolic signature in the space-time domain. Conventional algorithms use these signatures to image and detect subsurface targets. Our approach uses the time delay differences (TDD) in consecutive GPR A-Scan measurements to localize the target. For further reduction of measurement numbers regions of low target probability are determined to eliminate redundant measurements. Results from the experimental data from a model mine field show that the target positions can be found accurately using much fewer measurements than the conventional imaging algorithms.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Novel Tricyclic Ring Systems Containing the Pyridazinone Ring. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of crystal form of ipratropium bromide on micronisation and aerosolisation behaviour in dry powder inhaler formulations (2012)

Monohydrate and anhydrous crystals of IB exhibited similar mechanical properties and interfacial properties upon secondary processing. As a result, the performance of the DPI formulations were similar.
A transfer function approach to active damping of an induction motor drive with LC filters (2015)

The use of LC filters between inverter and motor terminals results in undesirable resonant oscillations in motor voltages and currents. Because passive damping methods employ physical resistors to suppress these oscillations, they contribute to additional losses. Lossless active damping methods with virtual resistors have been explored in the literature as a viable alternative. In a typical active damping implementation, current flow in a virtual resistor across the filter capacitor is emulated in a control loop using motor voltage feedback. Conventionally, the virtual resistance value is fixed based on empirical rules and left unchanged for all operating conditions. Choosing the resistance value is important, because high values may provide insufficient damping, whereas low values can lead to excessive damping and cause degraded dynamic response. A small-signal transfer function-based approach is developed in this paper for active damping design, based on operating conditions and dynamic tuning of the virtual resistance. With the control scheme implemented in a d-q frame, it provides the flexibility of using a differential damping approach in which the d and q axis resistance values need not be equal. Simulations and experimental results are provided for an active-damped, field-oriented-control based induction motor drive. Results confirm the effectiveness of active damping in mitigating resonance effects. This adds new degrees of freedom to the design of inverter output filters.
Failure to Demonstrate a Humoral Immune Response to Scrapie Infection in Mice (1973)

Abstract Although scrapie is clearly a transmissible disease caused by a small stable agent, previous conventional attempts to demonstrate humoral antibody have not met with success. In this study no evidence of humoral antibody to the scrapie agent was found in infected mice by regular or antiglobulin potentiated neutralization tests, indirect immunofluorescence tests employing various agent-containing targets, or by examining brains, spleens, and kidneys for the presence of immune complexes. The results suggest that scrapie infection is fundamentally different from slow or persistent virus infections in which humoral antibody may be demonstrated by the techniques used in this study.
Task scheduling in fog enabled Internet of Things for smart cities (2017)

Internet of Things (IoT) is an essential information infrastructure for smart cities in data sensing, collecting, merging, transmitting, or even reverse controlling. Whereas, the devices in IoT are fundamentally different in processing abilities. Combined with fog computing, some stronger nodes in IoT who have better computing capabilities can be taken as fog nodes to help other weak nodes in task processing, such as data analysis, computing, etc. Consequently, a new problem is raised that how to schedule the tasks among different fog nodes, so as to achieve minimum task makespan and communication cost. In this paper, we proposed an Adaptive Doublefitness Genetic Task Scheduling (ADGTS) algorithm. By the collaborative scheduling of tasks and fog resources, ADGTS can optimize the task makespan and communication cost simultaneously, as well as flexibly adapt to different importance of makespan and communication cost in practical applications. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has obviously better performance than traditional Min-Min algorithm in task makespan, and can balance the performance of task makespan and communication cost additionally.
Leukocyte proteases cleave von Willebrand factor at or near the ADAMTS13 cleavage site (2009)

The function of von Willebrand factor (VWF) is regulated by proteolysis, which limits its multimeric size and ability to tether platelets. The importance of ADAMTS13 metalloprotease in VWF regulation is demonstrated by the association between severe deficiency of ADAMTS13 and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). However, ADAMTS13 activity levels do not always correlate with the clinical course of TTP, suggesting that other proteases could be important in regulating VWF. We identified 4 leukocyte proteases that cleave the synthetic VWF substrate FRETS-VWF73 and multimeric VWF. Elastase and proteinase 3 (PR3) cleave multimeric VWF and FRETS-VWF73 at the V(1607)-T(1608) peptide bond; cathepsin G and matrix metalloprotease 9 cleave VWF substrates at the Y(1605)-M(1606) and M(1606)-V(1607) bonds, respectively. Isolated intact human neutrophils cleave FRETS-VWF73 at the V(1607)-T(1608) peptide bond, suggesting that elastase or PR3 expressed on leukocyte surfaces might cleave VWF. In the presence of normal or ADAMTS13-deficient plasma, cleavage of FRETS-VWF73 by resting neutrophils is abolished. However, activated neutrophils retain proteolytic activity toward FRETS-VWF73 in the presence of plasma. Although the in vivo relevance remains to be established, these studies suggest the existence of a "hot spot" of VWF proteolysis in the VWF A2 domain, and support the possibility that activated leukocytes may participate in the proteolytic regulation of VWF.
Conjugation of Vitamin E Analog Î±-TOS to Pt(IV) Complexes for Dual-Targeting Anticancer Therapy (2014)

We report two platinum(IV) complexes conjugated with a vitamin E analog, Î±-tocopherol succinate (Î±-TOS). One of the conjugates displays the activity of both cisplatin and Î±TOS in cancer cells, causing damage to DNA and mitochondria simultaneously. Accordingly, it serves as promising dual-targeting anticancer agent.
Recognizing &amp; interpreting Indian Sign Language gesture for Human Robot Interaction (2010)

This paper describes a novel approach towards recognizing of Indian Sign Language (ISL) gestures for Humanoid Robot Interaction (HRI). An extensive approach is being introduced for classification of ISL gesture which imparts an elegant way of interaction between humanoid robot HOAP-2 and human being. ISL gestures are being considered as a communicating agent for humanoid robot which is being used in this context explicitly. It involves different image processing techniques followed by a generic algorithm for feature extraction process. The classification technique deals with the Euclidean distance metric. The concrete HRI system has been established for initiation based learning mechanism. The Real time robotics simulation software, WEBOTS has been adopted to simulate the classified ISL gestures on HOAP-2 robot. The JAVA based software has been developed to deal with the entire HRI process.
Temperature effects on soil bulk dielectric permittivity measured by time domain reflectometry: A physical model (1999)

Near‐surface measurements of soil water content (θ) using time domain reflectometry (TDR) may exhibit anomalous behavior in the presence of diurnal temperature ( T ) fluctuations. Experimental results obtained in a companion paper led to the hypothesis that the observed bulk dielectric permittivity (ϵ b ) is determined by an interplay between two competing phenomena: (1) the reduction in the dielectric permittivity of bulk water with increased T ; and (2) the increase in TDR‐measured ϵ b with increased T due to release of bound water. In this study we develop a physically based model for the temperature dependency of TDR‐measured soil bulk dielectric permittivity and propose practical correction factors. The model considers the modified properties of water near solid surfaces to define a layer of rotationally hindered water (within the TDR frequency bandwidth) having a temperature dependent thickness. Changes in measured ϵ b ( T ) are thus attributed to variations in the thickness of the rotationally hindered layer which has a lower dielectric permittivity than free water and hence is less “visible” to travel‐time‐based TDR waveform analyses. The model is sensitive to the soil specific surface area and the water content, both of which determine the ratio of bound to bulk soil water. Comparisons with experimental data covering a wide range of soils, water contents, and temperatures showed good agreement. Further studies are needed to evaluate some of the model's critical parameters such as the cutoff frequency below which water is considered bound. A temperature correction approximation is based on analytical expressions for TDR‐measured bulk dielectric permitivity and requires estimates of soil specific surface area and bulk density, which may be estimated from soil texture. The thermodielectric sensitivity of TDR‐measured bulk dielectric permittivity and water content may serve as a basis for estimating soil specific surface area.
The Synthetic Parasite-Derived Peptide GK1 Increases Survival in a Preclinical Mouse Melanoma Model (2013)

The GK1 peptide demonstrated therapeutic properties in a mouse melanoma model, as treatment resulted in a significant increase in the mean survival time of the treated animals (42.58%). The potential for GK1 to be used as a primary or adjuvant component of chemotherapeutic cocktails for the treatment of experimental and human cancers remains to be determined, and surgical removal remains a challenge for any new experimental treatment of melanoma in mouse models.
Derivation and Propagation of Embryonic Stem Cells in Serum- and Feeder-Free Culture (2006)

The availability of murine embryonic stem (ES) cells has revolutionized the study of mammalian development and disease. We recently developed a culture medium that has enabled us to identify the essential signaling pathways required for maintenance of pluripotency in vitro. Addition of leukemia inhibitory factor and bone morphogenetic protein4 to this medium is sufficient to activate the signal transducer and activator of transcription3 and mammalian homolog of Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic pathways, respectively. We have successfully derived and propagated ES cells in the absence of feeder cells and serum. This chapter describes a simple protocol for efficient derivation and maintenance of ES cells from embryos of the 129 and C57B1/6 strains of mice.
Optical Studies of Dynamics in Noble Metal Nanostructures (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTOptical Studies of Dynamics in Noble Metal NanostructuresGregory V. Hartland*View Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States *E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 6, 3858–3887Publication Date (Web):March 24, 2011Publication History Received9 August 2010Published online24 March 2011Published inissue 8 June 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr1002547https://doi.org/10.1021/cr1002547review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24128Altmetric-Citations1243LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Coupling reactions,Gold,Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Nanorods Get e-Alerts
Postgrowth tuning of semiconductor vertical cavities for multiple-wavelength laser arrays (1999)

Combined lateral-vertical oxidation of AlGaAs is investigated as a means of tuning the resonant wavelength of a semiconductor microcavity after the epitaxial growth. It is shown that this technique can provide arrays with a wavelength spread equal to the cavity's free spectral range with a single postgrowth processing step. Design issues for multiple-wavelength vertical-cavity laser arrays using this postgrowth tuning technique are discussed, comparing the performance of devices with all-semiconductor and partially or totally oxidized Bragg mirrors. Experimental results are presented on arrays with a 48-nm lasing span around 970 nm, using partially and totally oxidized mirrors.
Targeting JAK1/2 and mTOR in murine xenograft models of Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2012)

CRLF2 rearrangements, JAK1/2 point mutations, and JAK2 fusion genes have been identified in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a recently described subtype of pediatric high-risk B-precursor ALL (B-ALL) which exhibits a gene expression profile similar to Ph-positive ALL and has a poor prognosis. Hyperactive JAK/STAT and PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is common in this high-risk subset. We, therefore, investigated the efficacy of the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in xenograft models of 8 pediatric B-ALL cases with and without CRLF2 and JAK genomic lesions. Ruxolitinib treatment yielded significantly lower peripheral blast counts compared with vehicle (P < .05) in 6 of 8 human leukemia xenografts and lower splenic blast counts (P < .05) in 8 of 8 samples. Enhanced responses to ruxolitinib were observed in samples harboring JAK-activating lesions and higher levels of STAT5 phosphorylation. Rapamycin controlled leukemia burden in all 8 B-ALL samples. Survival analysis of 2 representative B-ALL xenografts demonstrated prolonged survival with rapamycin treatment compared with vehicle (P < .01). These data demonstrate preclinical in vivo efficacy of ruxolitinib and rapamycin in this high-risk B-ALL subtype, for which novel treatments are urgently needed, and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeted kinase inhibition in Ph-like ALL.
Numerical optimization of pre- and in-line dispersion compensation in dispersion-managed systems at 40 Gbit/s (2003)

In the context of 40 Gbit/s terrestrial networks, we have exhibited a simple design rule to help perform dispersion management of single-channel links. The optimal pre-compensation has been shown to vary linearly with the in-line residual dispersion. Moreover, the dependence of these parameters on span length and fiber type has been assessed. Preliminary results have also shown the relevance of this rule in WDM configurations.
Study on the Autophagy of Prostate Cancer PC‐3 Cells Induced by Oridonin (2011)

To investigate the mechanism of oridonin (ORI)-induced autophagy in prostate cancer PC-3 cells, PC-3 cells cultured in vitro were treated with ORI, and the inhibitory ratio of ORI on PC-3 cells was assayed by 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide. The ultrastructural changes of the cells were observed under light microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Acridine orange (AO) staining was used to observe the acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs). The level of autophagy-related proteins, MAP1-LC3, was detected by Western Blot, and RT-PCR was used to detect the level of mRNA of beclin 1. After ORI treatment, the proliferation of PC-3 cells was inhibited significantly in a concentration and time-dependent manner. SEM examination revealed cellular shrinkage and disappearance of surface microvilli in ORI-treated cells. Under TEM examination, the nuclei exhibited chromatin condensation and the appearance of a large number of autophagosomes with double-membrane structure in cytoplasm. AO staining showed the existence of AVOs. The expression of LC3 and the mRNA level of beclin 1 was increased by ORI. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine reversed the increase of beclin 1 mRNA. The growth of PC-3 cells was inhibited, and autophagy was induced by ORI, indicating ORI may have a potential antitumor effect.
Protective effects of Hsp70 on the structure and function of SERCA2a expressed in HEK-293 cells during heat stress (2009)

Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) can physically interact with and prevent thermal inactivation of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) 1a, the SERCA isoform expressed in adult fast-twitch skeletal muscle. This study examined whether Hsp70 could physically interact with and prevent thermal inactivation of SERCA2a, the SERCA isoform expressed in heart. HEK-293 cells were cotransfected with cDNAs encoding human Hsp70 and rabbit SERCA2a (S2a/Hsp70). Cells cotransfected with SERCA2a cDNA and pMT2 (S2a/pMT2) were used as control. One-half of the cells was heat shocked at 40 degrees C for 1 h (HS), and one-half was maintained at 37 degrees C before harvesting the cells and isolating microsomes. Western blot analysis showed that Hsp70 and SERCA2a were colocalized in the microsomal fraction. The levels of Hsp70 were approximately fivefold higher (P < 0.05) in S2a/Hsp70 compared with S2a/pMT2 and approximately twofold higher (P < 0.05) following HS in all cells. Coimmunoprecipitation demonstrated that Hsp70 directly binds to SERCA2a. Following HS, maximal SERCA2a activity was reduced ( approximately 52%, P < 0.05) in S2a/pMT2 but was increased ( approximately 33%, P < 0.05) in S2a/Hsp70. Thermal inactivation of SERCA2a in S2a/pMT2 was associated with decreased ( approximately 49%, P < 0.05) binding capacity for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and increased carbonyl ( approximately 42%, P < 0.05) and nitrotyrosine ( approximately 40%, P < 0.05) levels in SERCA2a. By contrast, the HS-induced increase in maximal SERCA2a activity observed in S2a/Hsp70 corresponded with no change (P > 0.05) in FITC-binding capacity and reductions in carbonyl ( approximately 40%, P < 0.05) and nitrotyrosine ( approximately 23%, P < 0.05) levels in SERCA2a compared with S2a/pMT2. These results show that Hsp70 forms a protective interaction with SERCA2a during HS actually reducing oxidation and nitrosylation of SERCA2a thus increasing its maximal activity.
Extraction behavior of selected rare earth metals from acidic chloride media using tetrabutyl diglycolamide (2017)

Rare earth elements (REEs) are vital to modern, high-tech devices. Recycling REEs from post-consumer electronics can potentially diminish supply chain risks. Toward that end, liquid–liquid solvent extraction of various REEs was investigated with tetrabutyl diglycolamide (TBDGA) in 1-octanol from hydrochloric acid media. Metal partitioning to the organic phase was shown to increase as [Cl−] increased. In contrast, increasing [H+] did not improve extraction. The use of the polar diluent 1-octanol provided high extraction efficiency, especially for the partition of heavy lanthanides from solutions of high chloride concentration. Although the polar diluent also extracted molar amounts of water and acid, it was concluded that a neutral metal/TBDGA complex as mainly the di-solvate was extracted, and that complexation was observed to be exothermic. These results indicate that REE extraction from aqueous chloride solutions can be efficient without the use of high acid concentrations.
Essential role for CD103 in the T cell–mediated regulation of experimental colitis (2005)

The integrin CD103 is highly expressed at mucosal sites, but its role in mucosal immune regulation remains poorly understood. We have analyzed the functional role of CD103 in intestinal immune regulation using the T cell transfer model of colitis. Our results show no mandatory role for CD103 expression on T cells for either the development or CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (T reg) cell-mediated control of colitis. However, wild-type CD4+CD25+ T cells were unable to prevent colitis in immune-deficient recipients lacking CD103, demonstrating a nonredundant functional role for CD103 on host cells in T reg cell-mediated intestinal immune regulation. Non-T cell expression of CD103 is restricted primarily to CD11c(high)MHC class II(high) dendritic cells (DCs). This DC population is present at a high frequency in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and appears to mediate a distinct functional role. Thus, CD103+ DCs, but not their CD103- counterparts, promoted expression of the gut-homing receptor CCR9 on T cells. Conversely, CD103- DCs promoted the differentiation of IFN-gamma-producing T cells. Collectively, these data suggest that CD103+ and CD103- DCs represent functionally distinct subsets and that CD103 expression on DCs influences the balance between effector and regulatory T cell activity in the intestine.
AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF BOC-AMINOACETALDEHYDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF<i>N</i>-(2-BOC-AMINOETHYL)GLYCINE ESTERS (1993)

(1993). AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF BOC-AMINOACETALDEHYDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF N-(2-BOC-AMINOETHYL)GLYCINE ESTERS. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 457-461.
Optical heterodyne spectroscopy with frequency- and amplitude-modulated semiconductor lasers (1983)

Optical heterodyne spectroscopy has been performed with GaAlAs diode lasers by modulating the injection current at frequencies up to 2.6 GHz. This extremely convenient modulation scheme results in simultaneous frequency and amplitude modulation of the laser output. When the modulated laser output probes a narrow absorption line, a characteristic heterodyne beat signal occurs. We show that the observed spectra are similar to those obtained in pure frequency-modulation spectroscopy. The technique offers high sensitivity and fast detection speed and is applied to the detection of water-vapor absorption lines.