gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabricating Five Atomic Force Microscopes with an Extremely Low Budget –A Student Project– (2004)

At the Graduate School of The University of Tokyo, a technical training course was newly introduced from the summer term of 2003. Its aim was to allow the acquisition of the basics of scientific instrumentation, circuitry and programming. Eighteen students supervised by four professors fabricated five atomic force microscopes with a budget of just under 200,000 yen per microscope. This paper describes the details of the microscopes, how the course was organized, and what was achieved.
The dynamic relations among interpersonal behaviors: A test of complementarity and anticomplementarity. (1988)

On the basis of the positions of behaviors relative to one another in the interpersonal circle, the principles of complementarity and anticomplementarity specify how people's behaviors influence one another in interpersonal interactions. Pairs of undergraduate women (1 subject, N = 80, and 1 confederate) collaborated for 16 min to create and agree on stories for two pictures. Confederates performed scripted roles that emphasized one of eight interpersonal behaviors. Behaviors were coded into eight categories, and the relative effect of each confederate behavior on each subject behavior was determined. Using the geometric properties of the interpersonal circle, vectors were calculated that identified the relative impact of each confederate stimulus behavior on the overall pattern of subject responses. Results were consistent with the dynamic relations among interpersonal behaviors that complementarity and anticomplementarity propose and demonstrated that how a person behaves toward another systematically and profoundly affects how the other behaves toward the person.
Adapting the Glaser Reaction for Bioconjugation: Robust Access to Structurally Simple, Rigid Linkers (2017)

Copper-mediated coupling between alkynes to generate a structurally rigid, linear 1,3-diyne linkage has been known for over a century. However, the mechanistic requirement to simultaneously maintain Cu<sup>I</sup> and an oxidant has limited its practical utility, especially for complex functional molecules in aqueous solution. We find that addition of a specific bpy-diol ligand protects unprotected peptides from Cu<sup>II</sup> -mediated oxidative damage through the formation of an insoluble Cu<sup>II</sup> gel which solves the critical challenge of applying Glaser coupling to substrates that are degraded by Cu<sup>II</sup> . The generality of this method is illustrated through the conjugation of a series of polar and nonpolar labels onto a fully unprotected GLP-1R agonist through a linear 7 Å diynyl linker.
Pyrimidine Nucleosides. I. A New Route for the Synthesis of Thymine Nucleosides<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrimidine Nucleosides. I. A New Route for the Synthesis of Thymine Nucleosides1Jack J. Fox, Naishun Yung, John Davoll, and George Bosworth BrownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 10, 2117–2122Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01591a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01591a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views371Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Label-Free Unambiguous Detection and Symbolic Display of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on DNA Origami (2011)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common genetic variation in the human genome. Kinetic methods based on branch migration have proved successful for detecting SNPs because a mispair inhibits the progress of branch migration in the direction of the mispair. We have combined the effectiveness of kinetic methods with atomic force microscopy of DNA origami patterns to produce a direct visual readout of the target nucleotide contained in the probe sequence. The origami contains graphical representations of the four nucleotide alphabetic characters, A, T, G and C, and the symbol containing the test nucleotide identity vanishes in the presence of the probe. The system also works with pairs of probes, corresponding to heterozygous diploid genomes.
Methaneseleninic Acid Is a Substrate for Truncated Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductase: Implications for the Catalytic Mechanism and Redox Signaling (2010)

Mammalian thioredoxin reductase is a homodimeric pyridine nucleotide disulfide oxidoreductase that contains the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) on a C-terminal extension. We previously have shown that a truncated version of mouse mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase missing this C-terminal tail will catalyze the reduction of a number of small molecules. Here we show that the truncated thioredoxin reductase will catalyze the reduction of methaneseleninic acid. This reduction is fast at pH 6.1 and is only 4-fold slower than that of the full-length enzyme containing Sec. This finding suggested to us that if the C-terminal Sec residue in the holoenzyme became oxidized to the seleninic acid form (Sec-SeO(2)(-)) that it would be quickly reduced back to an active state by enzymic thiols and further suggested to us that the enzyme would be very resistant to irreversible inactivation by oxidation. We tested this hypothesis by reducing the enzyme with NADPH and subjecting it to high concentrations of H(2)O(2) (up to 50 mM). The results show that the enzyme strongly resisted inactivation by 50 mM H(2)O(2). To determine the redox state of the C-terminal Sec residue, we attempted to inhibit the enzyme with dimedone. Dimedone alkylates protein sulfenic acid residues and presumably will alkylate selenenic acid (Sec-SeOH) residues as well. The enzyme was not inhibited by dimedone even when a 150-fold excess was added to the reaction mixture containing the enzyme and H(2)O(2). We also tested the ability of the truncated enzyme to resist inactivation by oxidation as well and found that it also was resistant to high concentrations of H(2)O(2). One assumption for the use of Sec in enzymes is that it is catalytically superior to the use of cysteine. We and others have previously suggested that there are reasons for the use of Sec in enzymes that are unrelated to the conversion of substrate to product. The data presented here support this assertion. The results also imply that the redox signaling function of the thioredoxin system can remain active under oxidative stress.
Monochrome LightCycler PCR assay for detection and quantification of five common species of Candida and Aspergillus (2005)

Invasive fungal pathogens, especially in immunocompromised hosts, can result in life-threatening infections. Current laboratory/radiological methods for fungal identification are time-consuming and lack sensitivity and specificity. A monochrome, multiplex, real-time PCR assay for the identification and quantification of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus is described here. Detection of each of these fungi was specific and demonstrated 100 % concordance with biochemical/culture identification in all 60 isolates tested. Samples from 16 febrile neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies were also analysed and the utility of the assay in clinical samples was reconfirmed without false-negative results. The sensitivity of this assay was 0.1 pg fungal genomic DNA, corresponding to three cells, for C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis and A. flavus, and 0.01 pg fungal genomic DNA, i.e. less than one cell, for A. fumigatus. The analysis allows a low-cost, simple, rapid and sensitive alternative for clinical identification and quantification of these five common fungal species.
New result on <i>d</i> -sequences (1987)

A new result for the generation of a d-sequence to an arbitrary base is presented. The result admits an elegant hardware implementation.
A Direct Route into Fused Imidazo-diazines and Imidazo-pyridines Using Nucleophilic Nitrenoids in a Gold-Catalyzed Formal [3 + 2]-Dipolar Cycloaddition (2014)

Pyridinium N-(heteroaryl)aminides can be employed as robust and practical synthetic equivalents of nucleophilic 1,3-N,N-dipoles in a formal cycloaddition onto electron-rich alkynes under gold catalysis. Convergent and regioselective access to five types of imidazo-fused heteroaromatics is provided from the appropriate aminide. The efficient transformation accommodates significant structural variation around the aminide, ynamide, or indolyl-alkyne reactants and tolerates sensitive functional groups.
Toward Efficient Encrypted Image Retrieval in Cloud Environment (2019)

Outsourcing image search services to public clouds is an ever-increasing trend. However, directly outsourcing image datasets to untrusted clouds introduces privacy concerns. Several secure image retrieval schemes have been proposed recently. However, most of them require participation from image owners when building secure indexes, which wastes many computational resources of the image owners. Several schemes are proposed to solve this problem, but they suffer from low search accuracy on large datasets. In this paper, we propose the first secure image retrieval scheme that simultaneously solves these two problems. To obtain higher search accuracy, we extract image features via fine-tuned convolutional neural networks. Then, the image features are encrypted by using the secure k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. To improve search speed and reduce the cost of image owners, we let cloud servers locally build a secure hierarchical index graph by using the encrypted image features. Besides, the secure index can be built and updated in parallel. We provide security analysis for the proposed scheme. Performance evaluations on the CIFAR-10 dataset show that the proposed scheme is practical. Moreover, compared with a recent scheme, our scheme can save more index construction time and cost of image owners when building secure indexes.
Detecting and Avoiding Step Voltage Hazards (2015)

Uncontrolled flow of electrical current in the earth may have a range of effects, from barely perceptible to dangerous electrical shocks, or unintended electrical heating resulting in fires. This paper promotes awareness of hazards from ground-potential rise and briefly describes the root causes of voltage in the ground. It is proven that the values of ground potential can be above permissible limits if a voltage as small as 220 V ac is applied into the ground. The step voltage hazards depend on the distance of the fault as well as from the step length. Ground resistivity also affects ground-potential rise. A wearable device is proposed for avoiding injuries. The device warns and protects the user of the step voltage hazards.
The Effect of Metal Introduced Over ZSM-5 Zeolite for C<sub>9</sub>Heavy Aromatics Hydrodealkylation (2009)

Abstract Five different (Bi, Ni, Mo, Pt, H)/ZSM-5 catalysts were tested for hydrodealkylation (HDA), isomerisation, dehydrogenated, cyclistion, and poly-alkyl-aromatics activities. Experiments were performed in a fixed-bed microreactor between 300°C and 420°C, at a total pressure of 0.8 MPa and a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h−1. Pt (Mo)/ZSM-5 catalysts enhanced activity in terms of better balance between metal nanoparticles formed and acid sites. Pt-loading catalysts were the best overall catalysts, producing high C9 alkyl-aromatics (isopropylbenzene) conversion (95.9%), high HDA selectivity (92.2%), and relatively low reaction temperature. Mo-loading catalysts, despite producing the high conversion, required the higher reaction temperatures. Keywords: C9 heavy aromaticscatalystshydrodealkylationZSM-5
Oxidative folding in the endoplasmic reticulum: Towards a multiple oxidant hypothesis? (2010)

Oxidative protein folding in the luminal compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum is thought to be mediated by a proteinaceous electron relay system composed by PDI and ER oxidoreductin 1 (Ero1), transferring electrons from the cysteinyl residues of substrate proteins to oxygen. However, recent observations revealed that Ero1 isoforms are dispensable. Endoplasmic reticulum is known as a generator and accumulator of low molecular weight oxidants; some of them have already been shown to promote oxidative folding. On the basis of these observations a new theory of oxidative folding is proposed where the oxidative power is provided by the stochastic contribution of prooxidants.
In vitro modulation of tracheal smooth muscle reactivity by extracts of some Senegalese medicinal plants (2010)

Scientific validation of pharmacological actions of 7 Senegalese plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of respiratory illness was carried out. Changes in contractility of isolated rat trachea were assessed in organ chambers. Rings were allowed to equilibrate for 60 min before experiments were carried out, during which time the resting tension was adjusted, as required. Rings were first exposed to methanolic plants extracts (10-2 and 10-1 mg/ml) or solvent. After a 30 min incubation period, they were contracted with acetylcholine in a cumulative manner (10-9 to 10-3M). Extracts from leaves of Guiera senegalensis, Melaleuca leucodendron and Hymenocardia acida elicited a significant dose-dependant inhibition of the contractile agonist, suggesting further investigations on its chemical composition, the underlying mechanisms involvedand its potential health value. However, in rings pre-incubated with extracts fromCymbopogon giganteus leaves and Salvadora persica roots, effect of the contractile agonist was not affected. Moreover, a hypereactivity was observed with extracts from Gossypium barbadense leaves and Cassia occidentalisseeds. These results provide evidence that Senegalese herbals may be of interest as valuable source of information for the selection of plants for focused screening programmes and for therapeutically useful products.

	 

	Key words: Tracheal contractility, medicinal plants, respiratory illness.
An investigation on the characteristics of a single-sided linear induction motor at standstill for Maglev vehicle (1997)

This paper presents the single-sided linear induction motor (SLIM) developed as electrical drives for the EXP0'93 magnetic levitation vehicle with a cruising speed of 40-100 km/h, in Taejon, Korea. The SLIM is designed to produce a 2440 Newtons thrust from an active area of 2836 mm long by 235 mm wide at the airgap of 14 mm. In order to investigate its performance characteristics both experimentally and theoretically, the static test facilities was designed and equipped. At standstill, the experimental results are compared with the analytical ones.
Accurate Determination of 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole in Wines at Low Parts Per Trillion by Solid-Phase Microextraction Followed by GC-ECD (2003)

A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) procedure at 30 degrees C with a 100 microm PDMS fiber of a saturated NaCl solution stirred at 1100 rpm combined to GC-ECD for the 2,4,6-trichloroanisol (TCA) determination in wines has been developed. Due to the matrix complexity and ethanol absorption into the fiber, the internal standard selection was crucial to obtain unbiased results. Thus, matrix effects were observed when analyzing different types of Spanish wines (white, early, and vintage red wines) spiked with TCA at low concentration levels (i.e., <40 ng L(-)(1)). In contrast, the use of 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA) as internal standard overcame these matrix effects, whereas the use of 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl ethyl ether led to inconsistent results. The developed HS-SPME-GC-ECD methodology reaches a limit of quantitation for TCA in wine within 2.9-18 ng L(-)(1), with a relative standard deviation of 2.5-13.4%, depending on the TCA concentration level and wine characteristics. This analytical method is comparable to the existing methodologies based on HS-SPME followed by GC-MS in terms of accuracy, precision, length of determination, and length of quantification; however, analysis cost is reduced.
[Cloning of a novel gene, ANGPTL4 and the functional study in angiogenesis]. (2002)

ANGPTL4 can stimulate angiogenesis.
Inhibition of Saccharide Digestive Enzymes by Tea Polyphenols (1994)

The inhibition of salivary α-amylase, intestinal sucrase and maltase by polyphenolic components of tea and their specificity were investigated. Theaflavins isolated from black tea and galloyl catechins from green tea showed potent inhibitory effects. Free catechins and gallic acid showed little or no effect. Based on these results, in vivo experiments were conducted. Crude catechin powder, obtained by purifying the catechin fraction from green tea, was administered to rats, followed by the administration of starch or sucrose. Rats were sacrificed at time intervals and their intestinal enzyme activities and glucose concentrations in the blood were determined. The results showed that after catechin administration, the increase in intestinal α-amylase activity caused by starch was markedly suppressed and that glucose levels in the blood were also suppressed dosedependently by tea catechins. Similar in vivo results were observed with the administration of catechins prior to sucrose administration.
Collaborative Task Execution in Mobile Cloud Computing Under a Stochastic Wireless Channel (2014)

This paper investigates collaborative task execution between a mobile device and a cloud clone for mobile applications under a stochastic wireless channel. A mobile application is modeled as a sequence of tasks that can be executed on the mobile device or on the cloud clone. We aim to minimize the energy consumption on the mobile device while meeting a time deadline, by strategically offloading tasks to the cloud. We formulate the collaborative task execution as a constrained shortest path problem. We derive a one-climb policy by characterizing the optimal solution and then propose an enumeration algorithm for the collaborative task execution in polynomial time. Further, we apply the LARAC algorithm to solving the optimization problem approximately, which has lower complexity than the enumeration algorithm. Simulation results show that the approximate solution of the LARAC algorithm is close to the optimal solution of the enumeration algorithm. In addition, we consider a probabilistic time deadline, which is transformed to hard deadline by Markov inequality. Moreover, compared to the local execution and the remote execution, the collaborative task execution can significantly save the energy consumption on the mobile device, prolonging its battery life.
Integrating speech with keypad input for automatic entry of spelling and pronunciation of new words (2002)

This paper describes research whose ultimate aim is to support automatic entry of new words into a spoken dialogue system through interaction with a user. This research demonstrates an important step towards this goal, through a procedure which integrates information made available via the telephone keypad with a spoken instance of the target word, to produce a candidate spelling and pronunciation for the word. Through the use of a parsing mechanism applied to a 73,000 word proper name lexicon [4], we have been able to create a finite-state transducer (FST) that maps phonetics to graphemics, which can be composed with an FST derived from the keypad input to greatly reduce the search space. Experiments conducted on both the OGI name corpus [2] and a set of enrollment data obtained from our Mercury system [5] validate the procedure.
Molecular aspects of iron absorption: Insights into the role of HFE in hemochromatosis (2002)

Hereditary hemochromatosis is the most common genetic disorder occurring in persons of northern European descent, and the clinical hallmark of the disease is the gradual accumulation of iron in internal organs, especially the liver, heart, and pancreas, which ultimately leads to organ failure. HFE, the gene that is defective in the majority of cases, was identified in 1996 and, although the exact role that HFE plays in the uptake and utilization of iron is not yet clear, important aspects of HFE function are emerging. Identification and studies of new proteins involved in the absorption of iron in the gut and in somatic cells has led to a clearer picture of how humans absorb iron from the diet and regulate this absorption to meet metabolic needs and to balance body iron stores. This review focuses on the molecular aspects of iron absorption and the role that HFE may play in these processes.
Tyrosine 65 is photolabeled by 8-azidoadenine and 8-azidoadenosine at the NAD binding site of diphtheria toxin (1991)

8-Azidoadenine and 8-azidoadenosine, two photoactivatable derivatives of adenine and adenosine, are competitive inhibitors of diphtheria toxin of similar potency with respect to their parent compounds. On irradiation, the two tritium-labeled photoactivatable azidoadenines bind covalently and specifically to an enzymic fragment of diphtheria toxin that is known to bind to NAD. This photolabeling is protected by the enzyme substrate NAD. The radiolabeled protein was fragmented, and the radioactive fragments were sequenced. Tyr-65 is labeled specifically by both photoreagents, and its labeling was reduced strongly when NAD was present during irradiation. Labeling is also reduced strongly by adenine, adenosine, and nicotinamide. These results suggest that Tyr-65 is at the NAD binding site of diphtheria toxin and that the competitive inhibitors adenine, adenosine, and nicotinamide bind to the same portion of the catalytic center of the toxin.
Privacy-Preserving Publishing of Pseudonym-Based Trajectory Location Data Set (2013)

Anonymization is a common technique for publishing a location data set in a privacy-preserving way. However, such an anonymized data set lacks trajectory information of users, which could be beneficial to many location-based analytic services. In this paper, we present a dynamic pseudonym scheme for constructing alternate possible paths of mobile users to protect their location privacy. We introduce a formal definition of location privacy for pseudonym-based location data sets and develop a polynomial-time verification algorithm for determining whether each user in a given location data set has sufficient number of possible paths to disguise the user's true movements. We also provide the correctness proof of the algorithm.
Robust Adaptive Sliding Mode Control of Robot Manipulators Using a Model Reference Approach (1998)

In this paper, a robust adaptive sliding mode control algorithm for accurate trajectory tracking of robot manipulators is proposed, with unknown parameters being estimated on-line. The controller is designed based on a Lyapunov method, which consists of a adaptive feed-forward compensation part and a discontinuous control part. It is shown that, in the presence of the uncertainty and the disturbances arising from the actuator or some other causes, the tracking errors is bound to converge to zero asymptotically. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the results of the proposed method.