gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Availability Evaluation of Digital Library Cloud Services (2014)

Cloud computing is a new paradigm that provides services through the Internet. Such paradigm has the influence of the previous available technologies (e.g., cluster, peer-to-peer and grid computing) and has been adopted to reduce costs, to provide flexibility and to make management easier. Companies like Google, Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, HP, Yahoo, Oracle, and EMC have conducted significant investments on cloud infrastructure to provide services with high availability levels. The advantages of cloud computing allowed the construction of digital libraries that represent collections of information. This system demands high reliability and studies regarding analysis of availability are important due to the relevance of conservation and dissemination of the scientific and literature information. This paper proposes an approach to model and evaluate the availability of a digital library. A case study is conducted to show the applicability of the proposed approach. The obtained results are useful for the design of this system since missing data can lead to various errors and incalculable losses.
Development of a doorway occupancy counter based on thermal array sensing technology (2016)

This papers discusses current methodologies of determining occupancy count as well as current development progress of an embedded thermal array sensor capable of tracking motion within a sensing area. The proposed algorithm counts the net occupancy count by logging each entry and exit through a doorway of a room. Re`sults show that net occupancy count has been found to be accurate for a one person case in each pass. The findings are promising which is why further development is needed to extend the scenario to multiple person case and perform actual experiment in a real world scenario to assess the system's accuracy in determining occupancy count for longer period of time.
A one-pot protocol for synthesis of non-noble metal-based core–shell nanoparticles under ambient conditions: toward highly active and cost-effective catalysts for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of NH3BH3 (2011)

A one-pot synthesis of non-noble transition metal-based core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) has been developed under ambient conditions. The obtained Cu@M (M = Co, Fe, Ni) NPs exhibit superior catalytic activity for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of NH(3)BH(3), compared to the alloy and monometallic counterparts.
A 0.18 μm 4Mb toggling MRAM (2004)

A low power 4Mb Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) with a new magnetic switching mode is presented for the first time. The memory cell is based on a 1-Transistor 1-Magnetic Tunnel Junction (1TIMTJ) bit cell. The 4Mb MRAM circuit was designed in a five level metal, 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS process with a bit cell size of 1.55/spl mu/m/sup 2/. A new cell architecture, bit structure, and switching mode improve the operational performance of the MRAM as compared to conventional MRAM. The 4Mb circuit is the largest MRAM memory demonstration to date.
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis using a double-decker gel system (1990)

Journal Article Pulsed field gel electrophoresis using a double-decker gel system Get access Adam Nagy, Adam Nagy Murdoch Institute for Research into Birth Defects, Royal Children's HospitalFlemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kong Hong Choo Kong Hong Choo Murdoch Institute for Research into Birth Defects, Royal Children's HospitalFlemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 17, 11 September 1990, Page 5317, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.17.5317 Published: 11 September 1990 Article history Received: 23 July 1990 Published: 11 September 1990
Nonallergic Rhinitis, With a Focus on Vasomotor Rhinitis (2009)

: A large proportion of patients sensitive to classic NSAIDs cannot tolerate the weak COX-1 inhibitors. Oral challenges should be performed by trained specialists to advise these patients about the use of NSAIDs.
Use of a new thermal wave technology for ultra-shallow junction implant monitoring (2003)

In this paper we present a new approach to the issues of characterization of ion-implanted semiconductors using the thermal wave technology. An experimental thermal wave system with enhanced measurement abilities featuring multi-frequency excitation and lateral scanning of the pump-probe distance is discussed. Experimental results obtained on a set of Si wafers implanted by boron with the energy range of 0.2-5 keV and dose range 4.5E14-1.1E15 ions/cm/sup 2/ show that the thermal wave sensitivity to dose and energy can be significantly increased by using the new system.
Clozapine withdrawal symptoms in a Parkinson's disease patient (2002)

Abrupt clozapine withdrawal can cause rebound psychosis and severe somatic symptoms in psychiatric patients. We report on the case of an advanced Parkinson's disease patient who developed myoclonus, tremor, rigidity, hyperreflexia, and stupor after abrupt clozapine withdrawal. The patient's symptoms resolved with treatment with cyproheptadine. This clinical picture suggests serotonergic rebound as an explanation for the patient's symptoms, although other pharmacological mechanisms are possible. Clozapine should be gradually withdrawn over a period of 1 to 2 weeks when possible, and abruptly discontinued only when necessary.
Drug and Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths — United States, 2013–2017 (2018)

The 63,632 drug overdose deaths in the United States in 2016 represented a 21.4% increase from 2015; two thirds of these deaths involved an opioid (1). From 2015 to 2016, drug overdose deaths increased in all drug categories examined; the largest increase occurred among deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (synthetic opioids), which includes illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) (1). Since 2013, driven largely by IMF, including fentanyl analogs (2-4), the current wave of the opioid overdose epidemic has been marked by increases in deaths involving synthetic opioids. IMF has contributed to increases in overdose deaths, with geographic differences reported (1). CDC examined state-level changes in death rates involving all drug overdoses in 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC) and those involving synthetic opioids in 20 states, during 2013-2017. In addition, changes in death rates from 2016 to 2017 involving all opioids and opioid subcategories,* were examined by demographics, county urbanization levels, and by 34 states and DC. Among 70,237 drug overdose deaths in 2017, 47,600 (67.8%) involved an opioid.<sup>†</sup> From 2013 to 2017, drug overdose death rates increased in 35 of 50 states and DC, and significant increases in death rates involving synthetic opioids occurred in 15 of 20 states, likely driven by IMF (2,3). From 2016 to 2017, overdose deaths involving all opioids and synthetic opioids increased, but deaths involving prescription opioids and heroin remained stable. The opioid overdose epidemic continues to worsen and evolve because of the continuing increase in deaths involving synthetic opioids. Provisional data from 2018 indicate potential improvements in some drug overdose indicators;<sup>§</sup> however, analysis of final data from 2018 is necessary for confirmation. More timely and comprehensive surveillance data are essential to inform efforts to prevent and respond to opioid overdoses; intensified prevention and response measures are urgently needed to curb deaths involving prescription and illicit opioids, specifically IMF.
The Research of Embedded Linux and SQLite Database Application in the Intelligent Monitoring System (2010)

The Lab Intelligent Monitoring System based on S3C2440 ARM microprocessor and embedded Linux has been designed to accomplish the remote monitoring of the parameters and video images of environment in the Laboratory. The embedded database SQLite manages the data collected by sensor networks. A system program based on Qt / Embedded and Linux drivers realizes the local management of environmental data. Build an embedded web server to launch the data of sensor networks and video images to achieve remote monitoring. This paper focuses on the difficult points of the application and realization of embedded database SQLite in the Intelligent Laboratory Monitoring System for the local management and remote release of the data collected by sensor networks and video camera.
Prophylaxis of Pulmonary Embolism (1968)

MASSIVE pulmonary embolism continues to be a frequent cause of death in the postoperative patient as well as in the patient hospitalized for nonsurgical illness. One author has estimated in a recent publication<sup>1</sup>that 47,000 patients die each year in the United States of pulmonary embolism. Vena cava ligation or one of its modifications, such as plication or compartmentation, have evolved as the most successful procedures in prevention of fatal emboli. However, such procedures require a major operation on a patient under general anesthesia who is often seriously or desperately ill from his underlying disease process. Such caval operations carry a mortality as high as 20% to 50% in several reported series,<sup>2</sup>and significant lower extremity edema in the survivors. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that an intracaval device capable of preventing passive pulmonary embolism might be constructed, which could be introduced into the inferior
The influence of glucan polymer structure and solution conformation on binding to (1->3)- -D-glucan receptors in a human monocyte-like cell line (2000)

Glucans are (1-3)-beta-D-linked polymers of glucose that are produced as fungal cell wall constituents and are also released into the extracellular milieu. Glucans modulate immune function via macrophage participation. The first step in macrophage activation by (1-3)-beta-D-glucans is thought to be the binding of the polymer to specific macrophage receptors. We examined the binding/uptake of a variety of water soluble (1-3)-beta-D-glucans and control polymers with different physicochemical properties to investigate the relationship between polymer structure and receptor binding in the CR3- human promonocytic cell line, U937. We observed that the U937 receptors were specific for (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan binding, since mannan, dextran, or barley glucan did not bind. Scleroglucan exhibited the highest binding affinity with an IC(50)of 23 nM, three orders of magnitude greater than the other (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan polymers examined. The rank order competitive binding affinities for the glucan polymers were scleroglucan>>>schizophyllan > laminarin > glucan phosphate > glucan sulfate. Scleroglucan also exhibited a triple helical solution structure (nu = 1.82, beta = 0.8). There were two different binding/uptake sites on U937 cells. Glucan phosphate and schizophyllan interacted nonselectively with the two sites. Scleroglucan and glucan sulfate interacted preferentially with one site, while laminarin interacted preferentially with the other site. These data indicate that U937 cells have at least two non-CR3 receptor(s) which specifically interact with (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans and that the triple helical solution conformation, molecular weight and charge of the glucan polymer may be important determinants in receptor ligand interaction.
Biomechanical walking mechanisms underlying the metabolic reduction caused by an autonomous exoskeleton (2016)

This study shows that the ankle exoskeleton does not exclusively reduce positive mechanical power at the ankle joint, but also mitigates positive power at the knee and hip. Furthermore, the active ankle exoskeleton did not simply replace biological ankle function in walking, but rather augmented the total (biological + exoskeletal) ankle moment and power. This study underscores the need for comprehensive models of human-exoskeleton interaction and global optimization methods for the discovery of new control strategies that optimize the physiological impact of leg exoskeletons.
Synthesis and biological activity of CCK heptapeptide analogs. Effects of conformational constraints and standard modifications on receptor subtype selectivity, functional activity in vitro, and appetite suppression in vivo (1992)

A series of modifications of the CCK7 analogue (des-NH2)Tyr(SO3-)-Nle-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-Phe-NH2 was prepared and tested for binding to guinea pig CCK-A and CCK-B receptors and in CCK-A-mediated functional assays. Selected analogues also were tested for appetite suppressant activity in rats. Several conformationally restricted residues in the C-terminal tetrapeptide region, including delta Z-Phe33, (N-Me)Phe33, (N-Me)Asp32, (N-Me)Leu31, and 3PP31 (3PP = trans-3-n-propyl-L- proline) were found to be acceptable modifications at one or both receptor subtypes. The (N-Me)Asp32 and (N-Me)Leu31 modifications afforded potent and selective CCK-A and CCK-B ligands, respectively. SAR studies in the N-terminal acyldipeptide region examined structural requirements for the side chain at position 28, where Gly and Pro replacements were found to possess high affinity at both receptor subtypes. Other conformationally restrictive modifications were less active. All of the analogues that showed high affinity (less than 10 nM) for the CCK-A receptor also were full agonists in amylase release and most were full or nearly full agonists in the phosphoinositide (PI) turnover assay, the most notable exception being the delta Z-Phe33 analogue, which showed 69% of the maximal response in the PI assay. Potent activity in suppression of food intake in rats was found for selected analogues.
Management of deep infection of total hip replacement (1981)

Exchange operation is recommended as the treatment of choice for most deep infections involving a total hip replacement. This revision arthroplasty comprises, in one stage, excision of soft tissue, removal of implant and cement, replacement with an appropriate implant using Palacos R acrylic cement loaded with an appropriate antibiotic and, more recently, systemic antibiotics. During our first 10 years without systemic antibiotics we have achieved an overall 77 per cent success rate from a first attempt in 583 patients and a 90 per cent success rate after subsequent exchange procedures. Morbidity is significant but acceptable. Success is defined as control of infection, no loosening, and useful function. The factors associated with failures include, in particular, specific infections (Pseudomonas group, Streptococcus group D, Proteus group, and Escherichia coli), delay in operation and inadequate antibiotic dosage in the cement.
Self-assembled multilayers of CdSe nanocrystals and carboxylate-handled phenylene-based molecules: optical, electrochemical and photoconductive properties (2011)

A series of linear phenylene-based molecules, bearing carboxylic acid or carboxylate functionalities at both ends, were reacted with (hexadecylamine/stearate)-capped CdSe nanocrystals (7.5 nm diameter) dispersed in CHCl3 to form multilayers on ITO-glass surfaces via layer-by-layer (LBL) alternation. The new multilayered materials were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, photoelectrochemistry and photoconductivity. The conjugated linkers, with reversible reduction potentials in the range −1.7 to −2.8 V vs. Ag/Ag+, ease charge transport between dots (LUMO at −1.4 V). Photoconduction is dominated by interdot distance and linker characteristics rather than by LUMO energy levels. The logarithm of photoconductivity and linker length are linearly related, as in conduction of molecular wires, and the tunnelling attenuation factor β value is 2.4 nm−1. Comparison of n-type aromatics and p-type oligothiophenes is discussed.
Improving spectrum-based fault localization using proximity-based weighting of test cases (2011)

Spectrum based fault localization techniques such as Tarantula and Ochiai calculate the suspiciousness score of a program statement using the number of failing and passing test cases that execute the statement. These techniques implicitly assume that all test cases are equally important. However, research on test case generation and selection techniques has shown that using certain test cases can lead to more effective fault localization than others. The proposed research aims to improve the effectiveness of spectrum based fault localization by incorporating the relative importance of different test cases in the calculation of suspiciousness scores.
Haploinsufficiency of <i>Sox9</i> results in defective cartilage primordia and premature skeletal mineralization (2001)

In humans, SOX9 heterozygous mutations cause the severe skeletal dysmorphology syndrome campomelic dysplasia. Except for clinical descriptions, little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease. We have generated heterozygous Sox9 mutant mice that phenocopy most of the skeletal abnormalities of this syndrome. The Sox9(+/-) mice died perinatally with cleft palate, as well as hypoplasia and bending of many skeletal structures derived from cartilage precursors. In embryonic day (E)14.5 heterozygous embryos, bending of radius, ulna, and tibia cartilages was already prominent. In E12.5 heterozygotes, all skeletal elements visualized by using Alcian blue were smaller. In addition, the overall levels of Col2a1 RNA at E10.5 and E12.5 were lower than in wild-type embryos. We propose that the skeletal abnormalities observed at later embryonic stages were caused by delayed or defective precartilaginous condensations. Furthermore, in E18.5 embryos and in newborn heterozygotes, premature mineralization occurred in many bones, including vertebrae and some craniofacial bones. Because Sox9 is not expressed in the mineralized portion of the growth plate, this premature mineralization is very likely the consequence of allele insufficiency existing in cells of the growth plate that express Sox9. Because the hypertrophic zone of the heterozygous Sox9 mutants was larger than that of wild-type mice, we propose that Sox9 also has a role in regulating the transition to hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate. Despite the severe hypoplasia of cartilages, the overall organization and cellular composition of the growth plate were otherwise normal. Our results suggest the hypothesis that two critical steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway are sensitive to Sox9 dosage. First, an early step presumably at the stage of mesenchymal condensation of cartilage primordia, and second, a later step preceding the transition of chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes.
3D-nonFAR (2010)

Memories play a key role in FGPAs in the forms of both programming bits and embedded memory blocks. FPGAs using non-volatile memories have been the focus of attention with zero boot-up delay, real-time reconfigurability, and superior energy efficiency. This paper presents a novel three-dimensional (3D) non-volatile FPGA architecture (3D-Non-FAR) using phase change memory (PCM) and 3D die stacking techniques. Basic structures in a conventional FPGA architecture are renovated with PCM, and components are repartitioned and reorganized in 3D-NonFAR to allow an efficient 3D integration of PCM elements. 3D-NonFAR not only preserves the advantages of existing non-volatile FPGAs, but also provides high integration density, high performance, and bit-level programmability, which enable PCM as a universal memory replacement in FPGAs. Evaluation results show that 3D-NonFAR has smaller footprint, higher performance, and lower power consumption compared with other FPGA counterparts.
Novel Therapies for Polycystic Kidney Disease (2011)

Autosomal dominant (AD) polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease, with neither a cure, nor an approved treatment to slow its progression. In the past decade significant advances have been made in understanding the cellular signaling pathways disrupted in PKD. Understanding the changes in signaling pathways linked to mutations in PKD1 and PKD2 as well as other renal cystic genes led to preclinical trials and Phase II & III human trials to ameliorate PKD progression. Since PKD is a proliferative disease, some treatments are aimed at neoplastic cell proliferation (i.e. src and MAPK inhibition). PKD is also associated with decreased cellular calcium and increased cAMP, so other treatments targeted cellular Ca (i.e. calcimimetics and polycystin 2 agonists)
or G-protein linked receptors (i.e. the vasopressin V2 receptor and somatostatin receptor inhibitors). Fluid secretion through the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR, a chloride channel) also contributes to disease progression and therapies blocking chloride secretion are also possible therapeutic agents. Significantly, the renin- angiotensin system is responsible, at least in part, for PKD associated hypertension, and drugs targeting this pathway are also being evaluated as therapies for ADPKD progression. Assessment of efficacy in humans with ADPKD is complicated by the slow progressive nature of the disease, but the CRISP imaging studies have provided important data on renal cystic enlargement over time. Based on numerous preclinical studies in rodent models, several human clinical trials are currently being performed, suggesting that a treatment to inhibit progression of
ADPKD and other renal cystic conditions may be available in the near future.
Growth of (111)-oriented BaTiO3–Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 epitaxial films and their crystal structure and electrical property characterizations (2012)

Epitaxial (1−x)BaTiO3−xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 films with x = 0 − 0.9 were grown on (111)cSrRuO3//(111)SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Plotting the temperature where dielectric constant reaches a maximum {T[ɛr(max.)]} versus Bi(Mg0.5,Ti0.5)O3 content present minimum at x = 0.1. On the other hand, the remanent polarization (Pr) and the effective transverse piezoelectric constant [d33(eff.)] showed minimum at 0.1 and 0.2, respectively, but increased with the increase of x in (1−x)BaTiO3−xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 above these values. These results show the simultaneous increase of T[ɛr(max.)] and d33(eff.) for the films above x = 0.2 that normally showed treads off characteristics.
Well‐Defined and Robust Rhodium Catalysts for the Hydroacylation of Terminal and Internal Alkenes (2015)

A Rh-catalyst system based on the asymmetric ligand (t)Bu2PCH2P(o-C6H4OMe)2 is reported that allows for the hydroacylation of challenging internal alkenes with β-substituted aldehydes. Mechanistic studies point to the stabilizing role of both excess alkene and the OMe-group.