gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Expression and Release by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (1995)

High levels of circulating soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNF-R) are associated with HIV-1 infection and disease. To understand better this association, we have investigated p55 and p75 TNF-R expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subsets and in the promonocytic cell line U937, with or without HIV infection. Using flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies both to sTNF-R and to PBMC subsets, TNF-R were found to be expressed mostly by monocytes and in decreasing amounts and intensity in the following order: CD14+ cells > CD8+ cells > CD4+ cells. Expression of TNF-R was higher on cells obtained from HIV-infected than from noninfected subjects, and expression of p75 sTNF-R was much higher than that of p55 sTNF-R. Studying the U937 cells revealed that over 80% of the cells expressed both sTNF-R, but with greater fluorescence intensity in the HIV-1 chronically infected cells (U-937-IIIB). Treatment of the cells with PMA caused an accelerated release into the medium of both sTNF-R, with a sharp decline in their cell surface expression. Basal levels of mRNA transcripts for p75 TNF-R were higher in the U-937-IIIB cells than in the uninfected cells, but p55 TNF-R mRNA was expressed only in the HIV-1-infected cells. These findings show that HIV-1 infection is accompanied by predominant elevation of p75 TNF-R surface expression on monocytes and CD8+ lymphocytes, and results in both increased message and expression of these receptors in monocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A look into strap-down guidance design. I. (1966)

Strap-down inertial navigation system compared with gimbaled system, noting methods of attitude reference and angular readout
Colloidal Nanoparticle-Layer Formation Through Dip-Coating: Effect of Solvents and Substrate Withdrawing Speed (2009)

The effect of solvents of colloidal solution and substrate withdrawing speed during dip-coating on the nanoparticle-layer formation of sterically stabilized iron oxide (gamma-Fe(2)O(3)) nanoparticles on Si substrates is investigated. From the solutions with 10(13)-10(14) mL(-1) particle concentrations dispersed in hexane, octane, decane, and tetradecane, the multilayer is formed from hexane while the uniform monolayer is formed from octane, decane, and tetradecane. Because the particle layer is formed by direct adsorption and convective flux of particles from solution to substrate, the multilayer formation from hexane is due to the highest interaction energy between particle and substrate and the highest convective flux to the meniscus region of the substrate caused by the highest evaporation rate. Lowering the substrate withdrawing speed increases the particle coverage from similar to 60 to similar to 80% at 0.001 mm/s as locally forming the multilayer regions, which is explained by increased convective flux at reduced speed. These results verify that the colloidal particle delivery to the substrate is determined by factors such as particle-substrate interactions, substrate withdrawing speed, and the evaporation rate of solvent. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3089364] All rights reserved.
The Russian-American high magnetic field collaboration (2002)

The authors report here on a joint experimental shot series with teams from Russia and the United States. The program was based largely upon the MC-1 generator, a high magnetic field explosive flux compressor, developed by the Pavlovskii group at Arzamas-16. The series was of historical interest in that it was carried out in a Los Alamos security area, the first time for such a collaboration. They discuss a number of technical issues involved in matching Russian hardware with Los Alamos explosives, initiation systems and the seed field energy source, as well as comparison of field measuring diagnostics furnished by the two teams. They conclude with a discussion of an investigation of the high temperature superconductor YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ (YBCO), employing these generators. The low temperature critical magnetic field of this material was found to be 340/spl plusmn/40 T, as determined from a 94 GHz microwave interferometer developed for this purpose.
<title>Tabular document recognition</title> (1994)

In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm for recognizing the grid structure within a tabular document. The algorithm has two parts: first a row labeling algorithm groups similar rows into clusters then, a column labeling algorithm identifies the column structure within each cluster. Each column structure is identified by a set of column separation intervals that are computed from the intervals representing the extent of the white spacing between consecutive word fragments. We formally describe a method for finding column separation intervals based on word fragment separation intervals. This method is based on constructing a closure of a set of line intervals under the operation of line intersection. The closure is maintained dynamically in a data structure which facilitates easy access to the elements within the closure. This technique is computationally less expensive than projection and search at the pixel level since word fragment acquisition is already required for document recognition applications.
Selective sensing of guanidinium and tetraalkylammonium ions using lipophilic cyclodextrins (1995)

A range of lipophic cyclodextrin derivatives, including 2,6-didodecyl-α-and-β-cyclodextrins, and 2,3,6-tri-O-ethyl-β-cyclodextrin, has been exmined as ionophores in electrode response studies of the detection of guanidine, alkylated guanidines, creatinine and several tetraalkylammonium ions including choline, acetylcholine and the long-chain cationic surfactants CnH2n+1NMe3+(n= 8 → 16). Interference from Group Ia and IIa cations is minimal for alkylammonium ions (–log kpot > 4 typically) and in certain cases binding of the ion has been further defined by electrospray mass sectrometric and NMR methods.
Optical torque sensors for implementation of local impedance control of the arm of humanoid robot (2006)

This paper describes the recent development of new optical torque sensor in order to replace expensive strain gauge sensor attached at the tip of the anthropomorphic robot arm and realize local impedance control in each joint
Fatty Acids and Insulin Modulate Myocardial Substrate Metabolism in Humans With Type 1 Diabetes (2007)

Type 1 diabetes myocardium has increased MVo(2) and is insulin resistant during euglycemia. However, its myocardial glucose and fatty acid metabolism still responds to changes in plasma insulin and plasma FFA levels. Moreover, insulin and plasma FFA levels can regulate the intramyocardial fate of fatty acids in humans with type 1 diabetes.
Interfacing with network elements for network management and control (2002)

One approach to solving the variety of problems involved with interfacing to an assortment of network elements (NEs) is to provide a network interface system that uses an event control philosophy. GTE Telecom has implemented this philosophy by developing a system known as the network interface system (NIS). The NIS enables an end user to logically connect through a terminal to any NE in the network that supports communications. The system uses a GTE Telecom-developed programming language to manage and control events. This language is called the network interface module language (NIML). This generic interface responds to event status changes and supports the data collection activities required by the host application managing the network. The architecture of the NIS is modular to maximize the amount of generic code. NIS can adapt itself to the unique environment required for a specific NE by loading a NIML object at run time that will manage the events of that particular interface.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
4C-5 Combining High Frequency Ultrasound Reflex Transmission Imaging and Imaging Spectrophotometry for the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer (2007)

We have developed novel ultrasound (US) and optical non-invasive methods suitable for use in combination, to determine whether a hybrid multivariate approach may eventually be able to provide an objective aid to skin cancer diagnosis in primary care. A high frequency 3D US scanner was modified for C-scan, surface echo tracking and reflex transmission imaging. The images were co-registered with colour photographs and with images from a purpose-built spectrophotometric camera. The US system was used to scan 87 suspicious pigmented skin lesions referred from primary care. Nine were also examined using the imaging spectrophotometer. US regions of interest were drawn using the pigmented lesion boundaries on co- registered photographs, and numerical US characteristics were extracted for each lesion, providing a relative measure of US surface reflectance, intra-lesional US reflectance, total US attenuation, and the relative homogeneity of each characteristics. Quantitative differences between melanoma, seborrheic keratosis and benign naevi provided discrimination that was sufficient to potentially reduce the referral of benign tumours by 65% without missing melanoma. The extent and nature of the visual correspondence between optical spectral images of various wavelength and US C-scans at various depths varied with pigmented lesion type so as to suggest that there may indeed be value in combining spectrophotometric and US imaging in pigmented lesion diagnosis.
How Data-Driven Modeling Methods Like Neural Networks can Help to Integrate Different Types of Data into Reservoir Management (2001)

Abstract Additionally to proven deterministic modeling techniques, like numerical reservoir simulation, so called "data-driven" modeling techniques can support petroleum engineers in reservoir management tasks. Data-driven modeling means that the underlying relationship among measured data is calculated by the model itself and no a priori knowledge of the physical system governing the data behavior is needed. Neural Networks are such data-driven models and "learn" the underlying model from data. Neural Networks are computational models broadly inspired by the organization of the human brain. The most important features of a Neural Network are its abilities to learn, to associate, and to be error-tolerant. Many papers have been published during the last years demonstrating the wide range of possible applications of Neural Networks in Exploration & Production. An example in reservoir management issues will be presented, with regard to optimizing the injection-production ratio in a Middle East reservoir.
Excitation of warm plasma, rotationally symmetric resonances in a short-gap cavity (1971)

An experimental and theoretical study is made of a warm plasma inserted inside a short-gap cavity. It is found that a family of cold and warm plasma resonances can be excited if they are in the neighborhood of the perturbed electromagnetic resonance. The experimental results are compared with warm plasma theoretical predictions.
The Phosphoinositide Kinase PIKfyve Mediates Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Trafficking to the Nucleus (2007)

ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases can transit to nuclei in tumor cells, where they have been shown to regulate gene expression as components of transcriptional complexes. Quantitative analysis of a human bladder cancer tissue microarray identified nuclear epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tumor cells and also showed an increased frequency of this histologic feature in cancer relative to normal tissues. This observation suggests a potential role for nuclear EGFR in bladder cancer. We confirmed that EGFR could be induced to transit to nuclei in cultured human bladder cancer cells in response to the urothelial cell growth factor and EGFR ligand heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF). Mass spectrometric analysis of EGFR immune complexes from a transitional carcinoma cell line (TCCSUP) identified the phosphoinositide kinase, PIKfyve, as a potential component of the EGFR trafficking mechanism. RNA silencing indicated that PIKfyve is a mediator of HB-EGF-stimulated EGFR nuclear trafficking, EGFR binding to the cyclin D1 promoter, and cell cycle progression. These results identify a novel mediator of the EGFR transcription function and further suggest that nuclear EGFR and the lipid kinase PIKfyve may play a role in bladder oncogenesis.
High valence 3p and transition metal based MOFs (2014)

This article focuses on high valence 3p and transition metal based metal organic frameworks. In the first part we will discuss the complex solution chemistry of these metals which makes this sub-class of MOFs more of a challenge than the traditional low valence metal based MOFs. This is followed by a short review of the different classes of solids based on phosphonates, carboxylates and other linkers. Finally, we report some of the most relevant properties of these solids such as their chemical or thermal stability as well as their catalytic, redox- and photo-activities.
Influence of reflected light on erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for optical AM video signal transmission systems (1992)

Investigates experimentally the influence of reflected light on an erbium-doped fiber amplifier for use in optical AM frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) video distribution systems when reflection points exist before and after the amplifier. It is found that amplifier distortion is not affected by reflected light but that the signal gain and the noise figure of the fiber amplifier degrade with increased reflectivity. Gain was decreased by 3 dB when reflectivity after the amplifier was -12 dB. It was theoretically and experimentally clarified that the noise figure degradation was related to the internal reflection of the erbium-doped fiber, in addition to the reflection before and after the fiber amplifier. This internal reflection is caused by input signal light scattered within the erbium-doped fiber.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A review of the use of inverted files for best match searching in information retrieval systems (1983)

The use of inverted files for the calculation of similarity coefficients and other types of matching function is discussed in the context of mechanised document retrieval systems. A critical evaluation is presented of a range of algorithms which have been described for the matching of documents with queries. Particular attention is paid to the computational efficiency of the various procedures, and improved search heuristics are given in some cases. It is suggested that the algorithms could be implemented sufficiently efficiently to permit the provision of nearest neighbour searching as a standard retrieval option.
Continuous user verification based on behavioral biometrics using mouse dynamics (2013)

This paper provides overview of the current methods of identifying users based on their interactions with a computer keyboard, mouse or a touchscreen and argues that in their current state of development none of them are capable of establishing the users identity within the time it takes for a user to input a password. The paper proposes the application of behavioral biometrics as a supplement to regular password based user authentication as a safeguard against unauthorized users gaining access to a computer that is already running an authenticated session e.g. unattended computers in offices.
High-Porosity Macroporous Polymers Sythesized from Titania-Particle-Stabilized Medium and High Internal Phase Emulsions (2010)

Particle-stabilized high internal phase emulsions have been used to synthesize tough and very high porosity macroporus polymers with a closed-cell pore structure. In this study, we show that Pickering water-in-oil emulsion templates with up to an 85 vol % internal phase can be stabilized by only 1 wt % of titania particles with their surfaces suitably modified by the adsorption of 3.5 +/- 0.5 wt % oleic acid. The pore structure and mechanical properties of the resulting macroporous polymers were tailored by altering the internal phase volume ratio of the emulsion template and the titania particle concentration used to stabilize the emulsion templates. The pore size and pore size distributions increase with increasing internal phase volume of the emulsion template as well as decreasing titania particle concentration used to stabilize the emulsion template. The mechanical properties, namely, Young's modulus and the crush strength of the macroporous polymers, increased with decreasing porosity and increasing foam density. The toughest macroporous polymer had the lowest porosity but also the smallest pore size and narrowest pore size distribution.
Triangulation of Pedicular Instrumentation (1991)

Tensile load-to-failure pullout tests were performed on 54 cadaveric spinal segments. The vertebrae were grouped by adjacent levels and matched for bone mineral density (g/cm2), which was measured by dual-photon absorptiometry. Triangulation of Steffee screws and CD pedicle screws was accomplished by transverse plates specifically designed to increase fixation within the same vertebra before the longitudinal Steffee plate or CD rod was applied. A transverse plate with adjustable length was also tested to accommodate variable interpedicular distances. Comparative pullout load-to-failures were as follows: laminar hook, 809 SE 99.4 N; single CD pedicular screws, 863 SE 108 N; single Steffee pedicular screw, 1245 SE 75.3 N; adjustable transverse plate, 1341 SE 114; triangulated Steffee pedicle screws with a transverse plate, 1701 SE 151 N; and triangulated CD pedicle screws with a transverse plate, 2096 SE 115 N. Three triangulated constructs with pedicle screws and a transverse plate (CD, Steffee, and Kirschner) provided significantly greater fixation than conventional pedicular or laminar hook based instrumentation systems (P less than 0.05). Improved treatment of spinal deformities in the elderly and osteoporotic population is dependent on improving the fixation at the metal-bone interface of spinal implants Particularly in osteoporotic vertebrae, the strength of fixation of two triangulated pedicle screws is better than either laminar hooks or single pedicle screws. The strength of fixation of triangulated pedicle screws connected by a transverse plate is superior to a single pedicle screw because it is dependent on the mass of bone between the screws rather than simply the amount of bone within the screw thread.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Decision Support Systems Concept (2005)

Since the late 1960s, researchers have been developing and implementing computerized systems to support management decision makers. A number of decision support systems (DSS) typologies were proposed in the early 1980s (cf., Alter, 1980; Sprague & Carlson, 1982), but technology developments and new applications led to an expanded DSS framework (cf., Power, 2000a, 2000b, 2001). The expanded DSS framework developed in detail in Power (2002a) helps decision makers and DSS developers explain and categorize potential decision support projects as well as existing DSS.
Model Studies for the Synthesis of Heliquinomycin: Preparation of New Spiroketals (2008)

New model compounds were investigated within our efforts to synthesize the natural product heliquinomycin. We could provide good evidence that electronic effects prevent the spiroketal formation of compounds such as 5 incorporating an isocoumarin moiety. As a consequence, precursors 16 and 26 were prepared, which do not exert the strong electron-withdrawing effect of the methoxycarbonyl group present in 5. Dihydroisocumarin derivative 10 and phthalide 25 were coupled by Heck reactions with enone 4 to provide the required precursors 16 and 26. After reductive debenzylation the resulting intermediates were treated with anhydrous hydrochloric acid in alcohols to give spiroketals 18-20 and 28, 29 in reasonable yields. The spiroketalizations occur under thermodynamic control affording products with the hydroxyl group in a trans-relationship with respect to the pyran oxygen atom. Attempts to oxidatively convert dihydroisocumarin 19 into an isocoumarin derivative failed. In one attempt a ring contraction to new spiroketal 24 was observed.
Membrane Protein Crystallization Using Laser Irradiation (2004)

We demonstrate the crystallization of a membrane protein using femtosecond laser irradiation. This method, which we call the laser irradiated growth technique (LIGHT), is useful for producing AcrB crystals in a solution of low supersaturation range. LIGHT is characterized by reduced nucleation times. This feature is important for crystallizing membrane proteins because of their labile properties when solubilized as protein-detergent micelles. Using LIGHT, high-quality crystals of a membrane transporter protein, AcrB, were obtained. The resulting crystals were found to be of sufficiently high resolution for X-ray diffraction. The results reported here indicate that LIGHT is a powerful tool for membrane protein crystallization, as well as for the growth of soluble proteins.
Development of new substrates for high‐sensitive genotyping of minority mutated alleles (2008)

An unsurpassed level of sensitivity was reached in the detection of minority mutated alleles. A low-density microarray was printed on a substrate specifically designed to provide an interference effect which amplifies the collection of the light emitted on the support and reinforces the intensity of excitation light. Optimal performance of the array was obtained by maximizing the probe density and the binding efficiency to the target through a polymeric coating made by the adsorption of a copolymer of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (97% of moles), N,N-acryloyloxysuccinimide (2%) and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (1%) synthesized by free radical copolymerization. The new substrate was used in the identification of fetal mutations in the maternal plasma DNA. Amino-modified amplicons from genomic DNA corresponding to the locus of eight beta-thalassemia mutations were immobilized and interrogated with dual-color oligonucleotide targets. Compared with the conventional glass substrates, the new substrate showed a great enhancement of fluorescence signals thanks to the combination of the optics with the highly efficient polymeric coating, allowing specific detection of all mutations. The high sensitivity and selectivity obtained made it possible to develop assays for the identification of paternally inherited mutations on fetal DNA in the maternal plasma in couples at risk for beta-thalassemia.
Small data optimized radio access network signaling/control design (2014)

The fast adoption of smart phone triggers the migration of tremendous internet applications from desktop to mobile terminal, as well as various inherently mobile oriented applications. Among them, Instant Message (IM) represents a large portion of applications. Unlike over traditional wired network, IM brought a great trouble to the mobile network called “signaling storm” due to its small data dominated traffic profile. This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis on the signaling/control overhead of IM, compared with streaming oriented voice/video applications. It figures out that shift from connection oriented to connectionless can solve the problem. A new slim Radio Resource Control (RRC) state with corresponding slim signaling transfer procedures is proposed for the connectionless scheme. Numerical results show that great signaling/control saving can be achieved with our new design.