gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drawing for Illustration and Annotation in 3D (2001)

We present a system for sketching in 3D, which strives to preserve the degree of expression, imagination, and simplicity of use achieved by 2D drawing. Our system directly uses user-drawn strokes to infer the sketches representing the same scene from different viewpoints, rather than attempting to reconstruct a 3D model. This is achieved by interpreting strokes as indications of a local surface silhouette or contour. Strokes thus deform and disappear progressively as we move away from the original viewpoint. They may be occluded by objects indicated by other strokes, or, in contrast, be drawn above such objects. The user draws on a plane which can be positioned explicitly or relative to other objects or strokes in the sketch. Our system is interactive, since we use fast algorithms and graphics hardware for rendering. We present applications to education, design, architecture and fashion, where 3D sketches can be used alone or as an annotation of an existing 3D model.
Toxicity of cigarette butts, and their chemical components, to marine and freshwater fish (2011)

Toxicity of cigarette butt leachate was found to increase from unsmoked cigarette filters (no tobacco) to smoked cigarette filters (no tobacco) to smoked cigarette butts (smoked filter + tobacco). This study represents the first in the literature to investigate and affirm the toxicity of cigarette butts to fish, and will assist in assessing the potential ecological risks of cigarette butts to the aquatic environment.
General Strategy to Introduce pH-Induced Allostery in DNA-Based Receptors to Achieve Controlled Release of Ligands (2015)

Inspired by naturally occurring pH-regulated receptors, here we propose a rational approach to introduce pH-induced allostery into a wide range of DNA-based receptors. To demonstrate this we re-engineered two model DNA-based probes, a molecular beacon and a cocaine-binding aptamer, by introducing in their sequence a pH-dependent domain. We demonstrate here that we can finely tune the affinity of these model receptors and control the load/release of their specific target molecule by a simple pH change.
Refracting Sound Waves (1949)

Focusing and refraction of airborne sound waves will be demonstrated by the use of lenses and prisms. Separation of different audiofrequencies by dispersive prisms will be discussed. The use of lenses in combination with loudspeakers provides a useful field of application.
Using the Transcription Factor Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1 to Selectively Target Endothelial Progenitor Cells Offers Novel Strategies to Inhibit Tumor Angiogenesis and Growth (2010)

Tumor angiogenesis is essential for malignant growth and metastasis. Bone marrow (BM)-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) contribute to angiogenesis-mediated tumor growth. EPC ablation can reduce tumor growth; however, the lack of a marker that can track EPCs from the BM to tumor neovasculature has impeded progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying EPC biology. Here, we report the use of transgenic mouse and lentiviral models to monitor the BM-derived compartment of the tumor stroma; this approach exploits the selectivity of the transcription factor inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1) for EPCs to track EPCs in the BM, blood, and tumor stroma, as well as mature EPCs. Acute ablation of BM-derived EPCs using Id1-directed delivery of a suicide gene reduced circulating EPCs and yielded significant defects in angiogenesis-mediated tumor growth. Additionally, use of the Id1 proximal promoter to express microRNA-30-based short hairpin RNA inhibited the expression of critical EPC-intrinsic factors, confirming that signaling through vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 is required for EPC-mediated tumor biology. By exploiting the selectivity of Id1 gene expression in EPCs, our results establish a strategy to track and target EPCs in vivo, clarifying the significant role that EPCs play in BM-mediated tumor angiogenesis.
We all have a role in protecting children: end the silence on abuse (2014)

The recent string of major child sexual assault scandals, in Australia and other countries, can create a feeling of disgust and an urge to look away from an ugly reality. Yet we must confront and take collective responsibility for child protection by acknowledging that it happens every day and that we have to talk about it. Societal silence on child sexual abuse protects perpetrators and enables abuse to continue. Child sexual assault is a lot more common than we may think. The Australian Institute of Family Studies reported in 2013 that as many as one in six boys and one in three girls has experienced sexual abuse. Most recently, the media reported sexual exploitation on a mass scale of an estimated 1,400 children in Rotherdam, UK, between 1997 and 2013, and the failure of social services and the police to intervene appropriately. The Rotherdam report is full of examples of how children were groomed for eventual abuse in public view, receiving inappropriate gifts and attention from men.
Privacy Enforcement of Composed Services in Cellular Networks (2011)

In this paper, we study privacy policy issues of composed services in cellular networks. We focus on the two basic services of location and presence provided in cellular networks. Based on our privacy policy model, named PrivOrBAC, we propose a composition methodology for the privacy policy of the resulting service. Our work tends to extend contextual privacy management to take into account the privacy attributes' compliance between the two basic services.
Analysis and Design of Sub-Wavelength Resonant Cavity Type 2-D Leaky-Wave Antennas (2008)

A rigorous analysis is presented together with novel designs of high-gain sub-wavelength resonant cavity antennas. The antennas under investigation are formed by partially reflective surfaces placed in close proximity over artificial periodic metamaterial ground planes with specific reflection phase responses. A full-wave periodic leaky-wave analysis is applied to this class of antennas for the first time and the results are reported and discussed. Finite-size antenna designs are studied at wireless LAN frequencies (3.7 GHz) using 3-D full-wave software and the results are compared to the predictions of the leaky-wave analysis. Furthermore, the field distribution and the effect of losses are investigated. Finally, practical designs of sub-wavelength 2-D leaky-wave antennas with high-gain performance are presented.
Laser emission from high-gain media of dye-doped dendrimer (2002)

We prepared high-gain media for laser emission by using a conventional laser-dye (DCM) and dendrimer. A dendrimer can encapsulate the laser dye, and therefore increase its concentration up to 9.0 mM with limited self-aggregation and intermolecular quenching. The optical confinement is attributed to gain guiding under optical excitation. The laser spectrum clearly indicated periodic resonant modes though the laser feedback was caused in an unusual way. Above the lasing threshold, the spectral linewidth became less than 0.1 nm. The laser-dye-doped dendrimer showed a particular ability to decrease the lasing threshold intensity by increasing the dye concentration.
Authorization Federation in IaaS Multi Cloud (2015)

As more and more organizations move to cloud, it is inevitable that cross-organizational collaboration will need to be supported in the cloud. In this paper, we explore models for collaboration among clouds whose resources are distributed across multiple cloud service providers. In particular, we focus on collaboration and sharing of resources in an infrastructure as a service cloud, where compute resources complemented with storage and networking are offered as a service to customers by cloud service providers. We develop a multi-cloud trust model at different scopes of administration. At cloud level, infrastructure resources can be shared between clouds. At lower administrative scopes, cloud service providers are able to share their resources and service instances among customers within multiple clouds. Finally, we formally specify the administrative aspects of multi-cloud collaboration models we develop. We have implemented a proof of concept prototype based on the administrative model of OpenStack, the de facto open-source software for building infrastructure as a service clouds.
Analysis, modeling and generation of self-similar VBR video traffic (1994)

We present a detailed statistical analysis of a 2-hour long empirical sample of VBR video. The sample was obtained by applying a simple intraframe video compression code to an action movie. The main findings of our analysis are (1) the tail behavior of the marginal bandwidth distribution can be accurately described using “heavy-tailed” distributions (e.g., Pareto); (2) the autocorrelation of the VBR video sequence decays hyperbolically (equivalent to long-range dependence ) and can be modeled using self-similar processes. We combine our findings in a new (non-Markovian) source model for VBR video and present an algorithm for generating synthetic traffic. Trace-driven simulations show that statistical multiplexing results in significant bandwidth efficiency even when long-range dependence is present. Simulations of our source model show long-range dependence and heavy-tailed marginals to be important components which are not accounted for in currently used VBR video traffic models.
The Effect of Seprafilm on Adhesion Formation and Tendon Healing After Flexor Tendon Repair in Chicken (2010)

Adhesion of the tendon, which can occur during healing of tendon repair, is negatively affected by the outcome of surgery. In this experimental study, we sought to prevent adhesion of the tendon, and determined the mechanical stiffness of repair tissue by wrapping sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose (Seprafilm; Genzyme, Cambridge, Massachusetts) around the repaired tendon segments. The study group comprised 2 groups of 20 chickens. In group I, the right gastrocnemius tendons of the chickens were cut smoothly, and after tendon and sheath repair, the skin was sutured. In group II, the right gastrocnemius tendons of the chickens were cut, the tendons were repaired, and before skin closure, Seprafilm was wrapped around the repaired tendon segments. Plastic splints were used for holding the chickens' ankles in a neutral position, and they were allowed weight bearing for 8 weeks. In group II, anatomic space between the tendon-sheath and tendon was clear and the tendon-sheath complex was sliding easily around the repaired tendon segment, and this complex was more functional both biomechanically and histologically. Also, the Seprafilm-applied tendons (group II) were observed to be biomechanically more resistant to the tensile forces in group I. Seprafilm is an easily applied interpositional material that can be used safely to prevent adhesion during the tendon healing process.
Measurements of Thermal Parameters in Antarctic Snow and Firn (1985)

Values Of Effective thermal conductivities of snow and firn were obtained at Filchner Ice Shelf (Antarctica). We employed a transient line source method (a needle probe with a diameter of 1.6 mm) for conductivity determination, which allows quick measurements with high spatial resolution. Our data yield a linear relationship between effective thermal conductivity (lg k eff ) and density (p) of snow which implies a strong dependence of thermal conductivity on density for 0.24≤p≤0.42, Comparison of thermal conductivities and other snow pit data suggests that density alone is a poor measure of effective thermal conductivities of snow and firn. We propose that grain structure is probably the governing parameter in determining heat transport in the upper firn layers.
Measuring tissue interface pressures of two support surfaces used in the operating room. (1994)

Patients undergoing surgery are often overlooked for the prevention of pressure ulcers. Anesthetized patients are at very high risk for pressure injury due to forced immobility which occurs during surgery. This risk has been reported to be higher for patients undergoing vascular surgery. Few studies have been conducted which examine the tissue interface pressure of the conventional operating table pad and products available to reduce pressure for patients undergoing surgery. Several cases of pressure injury in patients undergoing vascular surgery led to this study.
Remaking the Modern: Space, Relocation, and the Politics of Identity in a Global Cairo (2003)

Remaking Modern: Space, Relocation, and Politics of Identity in a Global Cairo, by Farha Ghannam. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA and London, UK: University of California Press, 2002. xii to 182 pages. Notes to p. 194. Bibl. to p. 206. Index to p. 214. $21.95 paper. Reviewed by Nadia Taker Remaking Modern is a beautifully written book on contemporary Cairo. It is a joy to read and difficult to put down. Few books on Cairo, or more accurately, on neighborhoods in Cairo, have been able to capture so well soul of working class urban Egyptians, their identity, their view of government, link to their habitat, and their renegotiation and redefinition of space. Farha Ghannam is a perceptive and sensitive anthropologist, who has produced a book that could teach young anthropologists a great deal about ethnographic research. Her ability to marry ethnography and theory is admirable. Unlike many authors, she avoids prerequisite theoretical chapter followed by a series of chapters on fieldwork and then conclusions that attempt to bring two together. She very smoothly and skilfully moves between theory and ethnography, engaging reader in a fluent analysis of ideas, captured in enticing and stylish chapter headings and sub-titles. Remaking Modern is an ethnography of a relocated group of residents of Bulaq, an old neighborhood of Cairo, into public housing (al-masakin al-jadida) in Al-Zawiya al-Hamra, on outskirts of Cairo, in late 1970s/early 1980s. The study is about a process by which displaced residents recreate a space of their own within constraints of soulless buildings that deny autonomy, individuality, identity or belonging. Ghannam's portrayal is so vivid and alive that reader can almost touch dynamism of both physical and social fabric of elmasaakin and their inhabitants. Public housing in Al-Zawiya, as author describes, was part of President Anwar Sadat's grand project to modernize Cairo. The idea was to provide residents with modern housing that would transform them into better contributors to nation (p. 23). To minimize criticism and resistance, and to persuade country that modernization was necessary, government, assisted by media, stigmatized inhabitants of Bulaq as street entertainers, ... female dancers, peddlers and drug dealers (p. 33). On moving into al-masakin, they were then stigmatized in a different way by first-generation inhabitants of Al-Zawiya as thugs and troublemakers (p. 71). The analysis of ethnography is led by a number of interesting and pertinent concepts, such as modern, space, and identity. These are examined in context of globalization, strengthening of religious identity, and social and gender relations. However, while each of these concepts is dealt with using well-researched literature, reader could be left unconvinced, particularly in relation to treatment of the modern. …
Structure of a ‘doped’ diacetylene that is polymerisable in the solid state (1985)

The crystal structure has been determined of a silver perchlorate-doped diacetylene derivative which yields upon γ-ray irradiation a semi-conducting polymer product; whereas the perchlorate ions are randomly distributed throughout the monomer structure, the silver ions are preferentially located close to the electron rich regions of the organic molecular framework.
The role of regulatory T cells and genes involved in their differentiation in pathogenesis of selected inflammatory and neoplastic skin diseases. Part II: The Treg role in skin diseases pathogenesis (2017)

Regulatory FOXP3+ T cells (Tregs) constitute 5% to 10% of T cells in the normal human skin. They play an important role in the induction and maintenance of immunological tolerance. The suppressive effects of these cells are exerted by various mechanisms including the direct cytotoxic effect, anti-inflammatory cytokines, metabolic disruption, and modulation of the dendritic cells function. The deficiency of Treg cells number or function are one of the basic elements of the pathogenesis of many skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, bacterial and viral infections. They also play a role in the pathogenesis of T cell lymphomas of the skin (cutaneous T cell lymphomas - CTCL), skin tumors and mastocytosis. Here, in the second part of the cycle, we describe dysfunctions of Tregs in selected skin diseases.
Raman scattering and in-water ocean optical properties (1990)

Inelastic (transpectral) scattering may contribute significantly to the in-waterlightfield. Major mechanisms for inelastic scattering include Raman scattering, which we show is important in clear ocean waters, and fluorescence from a variety of sources, which may be important in more turbid waters. We have determined the Raman cross section for liquid water, 8.2 x 10(-30) (cm(2) sr(-1) molecule(-1)), which is in agreement with the lower range of published values. The influence of Raman scattering, based on predictions of a modified two-stream model, is in agreement with measured values of spectral reflectance R(lambda,z) and the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient for irradiance K(lambda,z). Inelastic scattering has important ramifications for several aspects of marine biooptics including the determination of in-water spectral absorption, the estimation of clear water ocean optical properties, and possibly various aspects of algal photobiology.
Reproductive and teratogenic effects of fentanyl in Sprague‐Dawley rats (1986)

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered fentanyl continuously using chronically implanted osmotic minipumps for 2 weeks before breeding and during the entire period of pregnancy. Three different fentanyl dosage regimens were employed, i.e., 10, 100, and 500 micrograms/kg/day. Reproductive indices were determined and the 1,046 offspring delivered at cesarean section were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. There were no major or minor reproductive abnormalities or teratogenic findings in any of the fentanyl-treated groups. We conclude that fentanyl is devoid of adverse reproductive effects in this strain of rats up to dosages of 500 micrograms/kg/day administered by osmotic minipumps. From a methodologic point of view, osmotic minipumps facilitate study of the reproductive effects of narcotics as they allow delivery of dosages that ordinarily would not be tolerated without producing severe respiratory depression.
A manufacturable copper/low-k SiOC/SiCN process technology for 90 nm-node high performance eDRAM (2003)

In this paper, we describe the Cu/low-k (k < 3) dual-damascene process integration targeting for 90 nm-node (0.28 /spl mu/m pitch) high performance embedded DRAM devices. A stable and well-controlled dual-damascene structure was realized both by using newly developed stacked mask process (S-MAP) and a low-damage resist ashing process. Problems and solutions for resist poisoning due to the stopper-SiCN layer and capping-SiO/sub 2/ layer are investigated. We also demonstrated a notable via chain yield (with 2.9 M vias) by applying low-k PE-CVD SiOC/SiCN dielectrics.
Electroactive Explosives: Nitrate Ester‐Functionalized 1,2,4,5‐Tetrazines (2013)

Oxidation state control: The synthesis and characterization of two nitrate ester-functionalized electroactive tetrazine molecules (see example; N blue, Cl green, O red, C black) has been accomplished. The compounds are redox active and have desirable explosive properties. The reversible nature of their reduction could be utilized to control their chemical and physical properties.
Maintaining a permanent connectivity between nodes of an air-to-ground communication network (2017)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be a solution for deploying temporary networks by serving as Access Points to users on the ground. The aim is to provide multiple communication services (voice, data, video, etc.) over a specific area. The network must be deployed quickly for a relatively short period (emergency situations, sporting events, etc.), in the case of cellular network overload or blackout. A Flying Ad-Hoc Network will be deployed to cover all the potential users. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of drone replacement due to the limitation of battery lifetime. A constraint for this kind of network is service continuity. For this purpose, an adaptation for the routing mechanism is proposed, to overcome the loss of connectivity observed in the simulations. In the beginning, a state of the art on use cases employing drones is given, followed by a description of our scenario. Thenceforth, the system is described as well as the deployment mechanism and the induced connectivity loss. In the end, we present a way to adapt the routing scheme so that the network remains connected when a node is replaced due to energy level reasons.
Negotiation, cooperative work and conflict in the provision of technical help: An empirical study of telephone computer support (1992)

This study examines the provision of telephone computer support (TCS) as an example of technical help by product support organizations to customers/users of technology. TCS is an approach to dealing with the technical help problem: "How to help users most effectively accomplish their goals in using computer technology products." The study investigates the provision of technical help from three key perspectives: (i) as a social interaction, (ii) as interorganizational cooperative work and (iii) as an interactional process that contains emergent conflicts. These perspectives motivate the study's research questions: (1) What are the types, structures, processes and range of activities of TCS interactions? (2) How is the TCS problem solving and interaction a negotiated activity, and a form of interorganizational cooperative work? and (3) What is the nature of emergent conflict in TCS? To answer these questions, an empirical investigation of the TCS activities at a successful computer support center of a large manufacturer of computer hardware and software is conducted, focusing on the data of over 200 naturally occurring TCS interactions and ethnographic data. This study develops structural and dynamic models of TCS interaction processes that account and organize TCS problem solving over multiple calls and shows that the problem solving that goes on in these interactions is a negotiated activity between support analysts and users. Further, these negotiations between users and support analysts are shown to be interorganizational cooperative work with users relying on the TCS center to help them work through their problems in real time and on the TCS center to share responsibility for the impacts of specific solution implementations. Finally, the micro analysis of emergent conflict demonstrates the time and resource costs to the support organization in the resolving of conflicts. This study suggests that categories of emergent conflicts can be identified and at what point in the TCS interaction they are likely to occur.
Configuring multiple boundary scan chains for board testing (2002)

In a board level design with boundary scans, each chip on a board can be tested by loading test vectors and collecting responses through a boundary scan chain. Since the boundary scan may serialize the test process, the overall test time can be reduced if multiple boundary scan chains are used. In that case the test time depends on how the boundary scan chips are connected into multiple chains. In this paper, we present a technique for configuring multiple boundary scan chains to minimize the test time for boundary scan chips on a board.