gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlling a high definition broadcast television studio using distributed software objects (1997)

Under an Advanced Technology Program (ATP) from the National Institute for Science and Technology (NIST), a joint venture of nine companies involving Advanced Modular Systems, Comark, David Sarnoff Research Center, IBM, MCI, NBC, Phillips, Sun Microsystems and Thompson Consumer Electronics will develop barrier-breaking technology to allow economical commercialization of High Definition Television (HDTV) broadcast equipment, enabling the creation of a new High Definition Broadcast Television (HDBT) industry. A key artefact of this new technology is that we will change the view of the broadcast studio from being a web of directly connected mechanical devices to a community of computers and peripherals that are linked together by a high speed wide area network. Within this network, the job of managing all studio operations becomes one of simply controlling these networked resources. This concept leads naturally to the creation of a virtual studio where individuals can control the entire broadcast process from geographically independent locations. In this paper we provide a methodology for how studio components can be controlled remotely, and the benefits that are realized from this process.
Palmitoylation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Is Necessary for Optimal Stimulated Release of Nitric Oxide:  Implications for Caveolae Localization (1996)

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is dually acylated by N-myristoylation and cysteine palmitoylation and resides in Golgi and caveolae membranes. N-Myristoylation is necessary for its membrane association and targeting into the Golgi complex of transfected cells whereas palmitoylation influences the targeting of eNOS into caveolae. However, the in vivo significance of palmitoylation, membrane association, and the corresponding caveolar localization of eNOS have not been shown. To further examine the nature of membrane association of palmitoylation-deficient forms of eNOS and to address the functional role(s) of palmitoylation in activation of eNOS in vivo, HEk 293 cells stably transfected with wild-type (WT) or palmitoylation-deficient mutants of eNOS were generated. Membrane association of the mutants was biochemically similar to that of the WT protein in terms of their resistance to high salt, high pH, and distribution between Triton X-114 detergent and aqueous phases, suggesting that other hydrophobic factor (s) in eNOS most likely contribute to its membrane association. Most importantly, palmitoylation-deficient mutants of eNOS released less NO from the cells than did WT enzyme, suggesting that palmitoylation plays an important role in determining the optimal release of NO from intact cells. The diminished release of NO from the palmitoylation-deficient mutants was not attributable to alterations in its catalytic properties as the purified mutant and WT enzymes were kinetically identical. Since palmitoylation is necessary for localization of eNOS in caveolae, our data suggest that such localization could regulate the frequency and magnitude of NO release in response to stimuli in vivo.
Array fluorometry: the theory of the statistical multiplexing of single-photon timing (1990)

The theory of the statistical multiplexing of single photon timing fluorescence decay data is derived for the first time and shown to be consistent with measured array data. The present theory enables single photon timing arrays to be optimised for maximum data collection rate with regard to the number of channels in an array, channel count rates and cross-channel pile-up. Both the experimental and theoretical results prove that overall data collection rates up to 35% of the source repetition rate can be achieved by means of multiplexing with a single time-to-amplitude converter.
MicroRNA-328 Contributes to Adverse Electrical Remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation (2010)

miR-328 contributes to the adverse atrial electric remodeling in AF through targeting L-type Ca(2+) channel genes. The study therefore uncovered a novel molecular mechanism for AF and indicated miR-328 as a potential therapeutic target for AF.
Continuous Processing of Monodispersed Titania Powders (1989)

A new continuous precipitation process for monodispersed ceramic powders using a static mixer was developed. Monodispersed TiO 2 powders were prepared continuously with high reproducibility and reliability by controlled hydrolysis of titanium ethoxide. Important steps were uniform and rapid mixing and aging using hydroxypropylcellulose as a dispersant. The concentrations of titanium ethoxide and water suitable to production of monodispersed TiO 2 powders lay within a limited range. A minimum aging period of 10 min was required to obtain monodispersed powders.
Bridging the gap between ML solutions and their business requirements using feature interactions (2019)

Machine Learning (ML) based solutions are becoming increasingly popular and pervasive. When testing such solutions, there is a tendency to focus on improving the ML metrics such as the F1-score and accuracy at the expense of ensuring business value and correctness by covering business requirements. In this work, we adapt test planning methods of classical software to ML solutions. We use combinatorial modeling methodology to define the space of business requirements and map it to the ML solution data, and use the notion of data slices to identify the weaker areas of the ML solution and strengthen them. We apply our approach to three real-world case studies and demonstrate its value.
Cytokinin Metabolism and Signal Transduction (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Cytokinin metabolism Cytokinin signal transduction Conclusions
Geriatric dermatology (2003)

Geriatric dermatology is a specialty that is receiving particular attention. Among the other topics and diseases briefly covered here are dermatologic nursing home visits, decubitus ulcers, pruritus/xerosis, eczematous dermatitis, psychogenic dermatitides, infections of the skin, purpura, vascular compromise, chronic venous insufficiency, and bullous pemphigoid. Illnesses originating in other organ systems that are made manifest on the skin often complicate the diagnostic and therapeutic picture. Chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and HIV compound the problems in diagnosing and treating geriatric dermatologic diseases. Since the human population is living longer, chronic diseases will become more prevalent, as will diseases of the skin.
Use of Sugar and Povidone-Iodine to Enhance Wound Healing (1981)

Over a 56-month period (January 1976 to August 1980), we treated 605 patients for wounds, burns, and ulcers with granulated sugar and povidone-iodine. Rapid healing ensued, due to a reduction in bacterial contamination, rapid debridement of eschar, probable nourishment of surface cells, filling of defects with granulation tissue, and covering of granulation tissue with epithelium. The requirements for skin grafting and antibiotics were greatly reduced, as were hospital costs for wound, burn, and ulcer care.
Revealing the structure of medical dictations with conditional random fields (2008)

Automatic processing of medical dictations poses a significant challenge. We approach the problem by introducing a statistical framework capable of identifying types and boundaries of sections, lists and other structures occurring in a dictation, thereby gaining explicit knowledge about the function of such elements. Training data is created semi-automatically by aligning a parallel corpus of corrected medical reports and corresponding transcripts generated via automatic speech recognition. We highlight the properties of our statistical framework, which is based on conditional random fields (CRFs) and implemented as an efficient, publicly available toolkit. Finally, we show that our approach is effective both under ideal conditions and for real-life dictation involving speech recognition errors and speech-related phenomena such as hesitation and repetitions.
The fibrinogen sequences that interact with thrombin (1993)

PROTEASE thrombin interacts with a T variety of substrates and as a consequence is involved in a number of physiologic processes. Fibrinogen is a particularly interesting substrate of thrombin for a number of reasons. First, thrombin cleaves not just one but four peptide bonds in fibrinogen, apparently in four successive steps. As a result ofthese proteolytic cleavages, the soluble fibrinogen molecules are converted into an insoluble fibrous polymer. In addition, the affinity of the enzyme for the final product, fibrin, is similar to that for the substrate, fibrinogen. Active thrombin is thus bound by the fibrin clot in a form largely resistant to inactivation by thrombin inhibitors, a situation that has important clinical consequences and complicates clinical anticoagulant therapy.
Information Technology for the Health Professions (3rd Edition) (2008)

Information Technology for the Health Professions 3/e, examines the impact of information technology on a wide variety of health care fields. These include telemedicine, radiology, pharmacy, dentistry, surgery, rehabilitative therapies, and public health. The book includes the latest information on medical informatics, informational resources, and electronic record keeping in the Health Information Technology decade. The issues raised by global warming and by the possibilities of new pandemics make the addition of the chapter on information technology in public health particularly timely. Our approach provides students with an accessible presentation of the most current computer and medical technologies. The updated chapter on privacy and security includes new information including the Real ID Act of 2005a law requiring every American to have an electronic ID card.
Reconfigurable Massively Parallel Computers (1991)

An endoscopic transnasal approach to the clival region is safe and effective. It provides better visualization of that region compared to other transcranial approaches. The risk of post-operative complications is significantly lower with the help of modern reconstructive techniques. CSF leak is the most frequent complication.
Models of Count Data (2005)

This book provides the most comprehensive treatment to date of microeconometrics, the analysis of individual-level data on the economic behavior of individuals or firms using regression methods for cross section and panel data. The book is oriented to the practitioner. A basic understanding of the linear regression model with matrix algebra is assumed. The text can be used for a microeconometrics course, typically a second-year economics PhD course; for data-oriented applied microeconometrics field courses; and as a reference work for graduate students and applied researchers who wish to fill in gaps in their toolkit. Distinguishing features of the book include emphasis on nonlinear models and robust inference, simulation-based estimation, and problems of complex survey data. The book makes frequent use of numerical examples based on generated data to illustrate the key models and methods. More substantially, it systematically integrates into the text empirical illustrations based on seven large and exceptionally rich data sets.
Thermally Activated Longitudinal Optical Phonon Scattering of a 3.8 THz GaAs Quantum Cascade Laser (2009)

Thermally activated longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering time (τthermal LO) of excited subbands in a 3.8 THz quantum cascade laser is studied. The active region used herein is based on a LO phonon depopulation scheme. A single plasmon waveguide was used for optical confinement. By calculating the temperature dependence of threshold current density (Jth) and comparing with the experiment, τthermal LO limiting the characteristic temperature of Jth is estimated: τthermal LO is 246 ns at 5 K, which rapidly decreases 15 ps when temperature rises up to 100 K.
Possible mechanisms explaining the tendency towards interstitial fibrosis in aristolochic acid-induced acute tubular necrosis (2006)

The strong ability for RTEC repair after acute injury was severely diminished in AA-ATN, and this effect may be partly due to reduced EGF expression. Anti-fibrosis mechanisms may also be impaired in AA-ATN, since both a-ATN and AA-ATN had increased expression of TGF-beta(1) and CTGF, whereas only the latter group showed ECM deposition. Injury and loss of PTC occurred in AA-ATN, and this may contribute to tubulointerstitial damage, the inability of plerosis and the tendency towards fibrosis in this disease.
Natural and cultural resource management problems at Ngukurr, northern territory (1993)

Ngukurr is in South East Arnhem Land where there are problems with feral animals such as pigs, horses and buffaloes. These animals are slowly destroying the habitats around the area of Ngukurr. They roam the area throughout the year and multiply rapidly every year. The pigs are destroying the swamps and the billabongs and so are the buffaloes; a herd of horses can make paths to water-holes and causes creeks to erode after the wet. These problems can be solved by destroying the animals or by keeping the numbers down.
Functional Domains in the Mig1 Repressor (1996)

Mig1 is a zinc finger protein that mediates glucose repression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is related to the mammalian Krox/Egr, Wilms' tumor, and Sp1 proteins and binds to a GC-rich motif that resembles the GC boxes recognized by these proteins. We have performed deletion mapping in order to identify functional domains in Mig1. We found that a small C-terminal domain comprising the last 24 amino acids mediates Mig1-dependent repression of a reporter gene. This effector domain contains several leucine-proline dipeptide repeats. We further found that inhibition of Mig1 activity in the absence of glucose is mediated by two internal elements in the Mig1 protein. A Mig1-VP16 hybrid activator was used to further investigate how Mig1 is regulated. Mig1-VP16 can activate transcription from promoters containing Mig1-binding sites and suppresses the inability of Snf1-deficient cells to grow on certain carbon sources. We found that a deletion of the SNF1 gene increases the activity of Mig1-VP16 fivefold under derepressing conditions but not in the presence of glucose. This shows that the hybrid activator is under negative control by the Snf1 protein kinase. Deletion mapping within Mig1-VP16 revealed that regulation of its activity by Snf1 is conferred by the same internal elements in the Mig1 sequence that mediate inhibition of Mig1 activity in the absence of glucose.
Statistical connection of binomial photon counting and photon averaging in high dynamic range beam-scanning microscopy (2012)

Data from photomultiplier tubes are typically analyzed using either counting or averaging techniques, which are most accurate in the dim and bright signal limits, respectively. A statistical means of adjoining these two techniques is presented by recovering the Poisson parameter from averaged data and relating it to the statistics of binomial counting from Kissick et al. [Anal. Chem. 82, 10129 (2010)]. The point at which binomial photon counting and averaging have equal signal to noise ratios is derived. Adjoining these two techniques generates signal to noise ratios at 87% to approaching 100% of theoretical maximum across the full dynamic range of the photomultiplier tube used. The technique is demonstrated in a second harmonic generation microscope.
Evaluation of selected 3D virtual screening tools for the prospective identification of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ partial agonists (2016)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ regulates the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis, lipid homeostasis, and glucose metabolism, making it a valuable drug target. However, full activation of the nuclear receptor is associated with unwanted side effects. Research therefore focuses on the discovery of novel partial agonists, which show a distinct protein-ligand interaction pattern compared to full agonists. Within this study, we employed pharmacophore- and shape-based virtual screening and docking independently and in parallel for the identification of novel PPARγ ligands. The ten top-ranked hits retrieved with every method were further investigated with external in silico bioactivity profiling tools. Subsequent biological testing not only confirmed the binding of nine out of the 29 selected test compounds, but enabled the direct comparison of the method performances in a prospective manner. Although all three methods successfully identified novel ligands, they varied in the numbers of active compounds ranked among the top-ten in the virtual hit list. In addition, these compounds were in most cases exclusively predicted as active by the method which initially identified them. This suggests, that the applied programs and methods are highly complementary and cover a distinct chemical space of PPARγ ligands. Further analyses revealed that eight out of the nine active molecules represent novel chemical scaffolds for PPARγ, which can serve as promising starting points for further chemical optimization. In addition, two novel compounds, identified with docking, proved to be partial agonists in the experimental testing.
Hydrogen Production Reactions from Carbon Feedstocks:  Fossil Fuels and Biomass (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogen Production Reactions from Carbon Feedstocks: Fossil Fuels and BiomassR. M. Navarro, M. A. Peña, and J. L. G. FierroView Author Information Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 10, 3952–3991Publication Date (Web):August 23, 2007Publication History Received1 December 2006Published online23 August 2007Published inissue 1 October 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0501994https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0501994research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14483Altmetric-Citations1056LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Hydrogen,Metals,Water Get e-Alerts
Effects of the synthetic vasopressin analog desmopressin in a mouse model of colon cancer. (2010)

Experimental and clinical data indicated that perioperative administration of the hemostatic peptide desmopressin (DDAVP) can inhibit progression of residual metastatic cells. The compound seems to act by inducing an agonist effect on specific V2 vasopressin membrane receptors present in both tumor cells and endothelial cells. Here we explored the antitumor effects of DDAVP in cultured colon carcinoma cells and in a syngeneic Balb/c mouse model. Both human Colo-205 and mouse CT-26 colon carcinoma cell lines expressed the V2 receptor, as revealed by immunofluorescence. DDAVP (at doses ranging from 100 ng/ml to 1 μg/ml) exerted a modest but significant antiproliferative effect on cultured CT-26 and Colo-205 cells. In vivo, DDAVP (2 intravenous doses of 2 μg/kg) reduced accumulation of ascites and formation of intestinal tumor nodules in mice intraperitoneally inoculated with CT-26 cells. Perioperative administration of DDAVP significantly inhibited tumor progression in animals surgically implanted in the spleen with CT-26 cells, and caused some reduction in liver metastasis. Although DDAVP and 5-fluorouracil demonstrated additive cytostatic effects in vitro, no antitumor effects were observed in this study in mice receiving a single cycle of chemotherapy (25 mg/kg) in combination with the peptide. Our data suggest that DDAVP may be potentially used to minimize spread or survival of residual malignant cells during surgical procedures for colon and other gastrointestinal tumors.
Novel Copolymers of Styrene. Alkyl and Alkoxy Ring-Substituted 2-Phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethylenes (2012)

Novel copolymers of trisubstituted ethylene monomers, alkyl and alkoxy ring-substituted 2-phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethylenes, RC6H4CH=C(CN)2 (where R is 2-ethyl, 4-i-propyl, 4-butyl, 4-i-butyl, 4-t-butyl, 2-ethoxy, and 4-hexyloxy) and styrene were prepared at equimolar monomer feed composition by solution copolymerization in the presence of a radical initiator (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. The order of relative reactivity (1/r 1) for the monomers is 4-t-butyl (1.45) > 4-i-propyl (1.38) > 2-ethyl (1.37) > 4-hexyloxy (1.33) > 4-i-butyl (1.24) > 2-ethoxy (1.13) > 4-butyl (1.04). High T g of the copolymers, in comparison with that of polystyrene) indicates a substantial decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps, first in the 200–500°C range with residue (1–10% wt.), which then decomposed in the 500–800°C range.
Effect of Hydrostatic Extrusion on the Corrosion Resistance of Type 316 Stainless Steel (2008)

The corrosion resistance of Type 316 (UNS S31600) austenitic stainless steel in an aggressive environment containing Cl− ions in the as-received state and after nanostructuralization caused by severe plastic deformation by hydrostatic extrusion (HE) was investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the structural changes introduced by the HE process. The effects of the surface oxide film on the corrosion resistance of Type 316 stainless steel in a borate buffer + 0.1 M sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and in a saline solution of 0.15 M NaCl were investigated using potentiodynamic polarization. Surface analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) were used to characterize the morphology and chemistry of the surface before and after HE.
Contractile properties of clenbuterol-treated<i>mdx</i> muscle are enhanced by low-intensity swimming (1997)

The beta 2-agonist clenbuterol has potent anabolic properties in normal and denervated muscle and, as such, may be of use in muscle wasting diseases such as muscular dystrophy. However, potential side effects such as the transformation of the fiber type pool toward increased proportions of fast-twitch fibers must be balanced with the beneficial anabolic properties. In the present report, we clearly show that extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles from dystrophic mdx mice exposed to a combination of clenbuterol and low-intensity endurance swimming exercise did not undergo the slow- fast-twitch fiber transformations caused by clenbuterol administration alone, yet increases in the force-generating capacity of the soleus (30-40%) that resulted from the clenbuterol treatment were maintained after the swimming program. The increased sensitivity of dystrophin-deficient dystrophic muscle to clenbuterol and low-intensity exercise that is evident in this study may have therapeutic implications in the treatment of muscle wasting diseases.