gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluctuating Pressure Environment of a Drag Reduction Spike (1977)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Novel identification of 17.beta.(H)-hopanoids in Green River oil shale kerogen (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel identification of 17.beta.(H)-hopanoids in Green River oil shale kerogenAssem O. Barakat and Teh F. YenCite this: Energy Fuels 1988, 2, 1, 105–108Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00007a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00007a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
“Two Functional Groups in One Package”: Using Both Alkyne π-Bonds in Cascade Transformations (2013)

Spatial orthogonality of the two independently addressable π-systems in alkynes can be used for the design and control of metal-free cascade transformations. Examples include ionic chemistry of neutral hydrocarbons, preparation of radicals without radical initiators, generation of excited states without light, "1,2-dicarbene reactivity" of alkynes in "boomerang" radical processes, selective conversion of alkynes into carbonyl compounds, and full disassembly of the alkyne moiety.
PP.24.10 (2015)

Objective: Previously, we have shown that the SHRSP has deficient uterine artery remodelling in response to pregnancy relative to the normotensive WKY. However, the kidney function during pregnancy in these animals has yet to be described. Design and method: Metabolic cage data was collected at pre-pregnancy then at gestational days (GDs) 6, 12 and 18 from WKY (n = 9) and SHRSP (n = 9). Animals were sacrificed on day 18. Urinary electrolytes, glucose, creatinine and urea were analysed by Cobas c311/501 analyzer. Biomarkers were analysed using ELISA. Results: Throughout pregnancy, SHRSP had a significantly reduced urinary output (GD18 14.65 ± 3.77 vs. 28.44 ± 2.05 ml/24 hours) and fluid retention (GD18 10.81 ± 1.05 vs. 17.06 ± 2.09 ml/24 hours). In human pregnancy, approximately 25% weight gain is due to water retention. Accordingly, SHRSP had a significant reduction in both pregnancy dependent (56.66 ± 3.77 vs. 84.53 ± 3.34 g) and independent [total weight gain minus weight of the uterine horn] (35.94 ± 5.23 vs. 59.12 ± 2.89 g) weight gain. Analysis of 24 hour urine samples showed no significant difference in electrolytes at pre-pregnancy but became significantly increased in the SHRSP at GD18 (Na [2.66 ± 0.09 vs. 1.43 ± 0.07 mmol/L], K [10.56 ± 1.23 vs. 3.43 ± 0.19 mmol/L] and Cl [6.33 ± 0.46 vs. 2.11 ± 0.12 mmol/L]). Similarly, creatinine (GD18 0.25 ± 0.01 vs. 0.12 ± 0.01 mmol/L) and urea (GD18 34.52 ± 3.47 vs. 9.85 ± 0.55 mmol/L) were also significantly increased during pregnancy. An increase in Tnf excretion at day 12 (31.75 ± 2.84 vs. 20.59 ± 1.96 pg/ml) suggests that there may be an inflammatory process present in the kidney which underlies the aforementioned changes. Conclusions: In conclusion, we have seen pregnancy specific increases in a number of urinary markers in the SHRSP. These modest but significant increases indicate that there may be a moderate dysfunction of the kidney during pregnancy. This preliminary data needs to be supported by measurement of GFR and kidney histology.
VITA-an autonomous road vehicle (ARV) for collision avoidance in traffic (2003)

Describes results of the autonomous Daimler-Benz test vehicle VITA (vision technology application). The basic structure of the vehicle is introduced. The computer vision based applications, ranging from lane keeping, obstacle detection, stop+go and lane change to intersection control are briefly explained. Ongoing research work in the Daimler-Benz PROMETHEUS subproject is mentioned.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of the National Lightning Detection Network (2008)

The development of the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) can be traced from the initial funding by the Electric Power Research Institute in June 1983. This support, when coupled with a small National Science Foundation-sponsored research program at the State University of New York at Albany, would lead in just six years to the coverage of 48 states by a network of lightning detectors providing the location and physical characteristics of nearly all cloud-to-ground lightning flashes in the continental United States. The generous sharing of data from existing federal lightning detection networks provided one-third of this national coverage. The measured lightning characteristics included stroke location to an accuracy of roughly 2 km, polarity and peak current estimates, and flash multiplicity or number of strokes within the flash. The development of satellite communications during this period ensured the receipt of data and the transmission of flash characteristics to consumers in the university, government, and private sectors. The history of the NLDN development is a story driven by technology with its roots in the 1970s. The future of lightning detection is embodied within the current satellite plans for a Geostationary Lightning Mapper to observe total lightning in the Western Hemisphere as part of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R (GOESR) program, with launch dates as early as 2014.
The Interaction of Heteroaryl‐Acrylates and Alanines with Phenylalanine Ammonia‐Lyase from Parsley (2006)

Acrylic acids and alanines substituted with heteroaryl groups at the beta-position were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized (UV, HRMS, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR spectroscopy). The heteroaryl groups were furanyl, thiophenyl, benzofuranyl, and benzothiophenyl and contained the alanyl side chains either at the 2- or 3-positions. While the former are good substrates for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), the latter compounds are inhibitors. Exceptions are thiophen-3-yl-alanine, a moderate substrate and furan-3-yl-alanine, which is inert. Possible reasons for these exceptions are discussed. Starting from racemic heteroaryl-2-alanines their D-enantiomers were prepared by using a stereodestructive procedure. From the heteroaryl-2-acrylates, the L-enantiomers of the heteroaryl-2-alanines were prepared at high ammonia concentration. These results can be best explained by a Friedel-Crafts-type electrophilic attack at the aromatic part of the substrates as the initial step of the PAL reaction.
Treatment of Verruca Plana by Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (2001)

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treating verruca plana.Method 128 patients were randomly divided into treatment group(n=89) and control group(n=39).The 89 patients in the treatment group were treated with oral traditional Chinese medicine such as Angelica sinensis,Carthamus tinctorius L,Codonopsis pilosula(Fr) Nannf,Coix lachryma jobi L,Patrinia vilosa(Thunb) Juss,Prunella vulgaris L,Radix isatidis,Radix salviae miltiorrhize,Radix smilacis glabrae,Spica prunellee etc. and muncting retinoil acid emulsion.The 39 patients in control group were treated with polyinosinic polycytidylic acid injection.Results The total effective rate was 95.5% in the treatment group and 59% in the control group.Conclusion The integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine is an effictive method to treat verruca plana.
trans-Activation of parvovirus P38 promoter by the 76K noncapsid protein (1985)

The autonomously replicating parvoviruses contain a 5-kilobase linear single-stranded DNA genome that produces two noncapsid proteins, N1 and N2, and two overlapping capsid proteins, VP1 and VP2. To characterize the regulation of viral transcription, we began with a study of the promoter for the coat proteins (P38) at map unit 38. Various constructions containing the P38 promoter were fused to the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat), and the relative efficiency of expression was determined in the presence and absence of parvovirus gene products. Our results show that the P38 promoter is a weak promoter without a trans-activation mediated by the 76,000-molecular-weight (76K) N1 protein. The N1 protein, supplied either by superinfection with virus or cotransfection with the cloned N1 gene, increased greatly the expression of the P38 promoter. In addition, sequences 3' to the promoter, within the region + 127 to + 648 (assuming an mRNA start site at 2008), were required for optimal expression but not for trans-activation. These results suggest that the production of parvovirus capsid proteins is under the indirect control of the P4 promoter and one of its gene products.
Cattle, Hay, and <i>E. coli</i> (1999)

In their recent report, Francisco Diez-Gonzalez et al . (11 Sept. 1998, p. [1666][1]) demonstrate that feeding a high-grain diet to cattle results in an acidic colonic environment that selects for or induces acid resistance among the nonpathogenic enteric Escherichia coli population. They conclude
Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases (ROCK) (2014)

Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases (ROCK) were originally identified as effectors of the RhoA small GTPase. (1)(-) (5) They belong to the AGC family of serine/threonine kinases (6) and play vital roles in facilitating actomyosin cytoskeleton contractility downstream of RhoA and RhoC activation. Since their discovery, ROCK kinases have been extensively studied, unveiling their manifold functions in processes including cell contraction, migration, apoptosis, survival, and proliferation. Two mammalian ROCK homologs have been identified, ROCK1 (also called ROCK I, ROKβ, Rho-kinase β, or p160ROCK) and ROCK2 (also known as ROCK II, ROKα, or Rho kinase), hereafter collectively referred to as ROCK. In this review, we will focus on the structure, regulation, and functions of ROCK.
Automatic measurement of ship's attitude by the use of servo-type accelerometers (2003)

A ship's attitude measurement system which measures the heaving, rolling, and pitching of a ship is presented. The system has four servo-type accelerometers appropriately located on the ship. By modeling the quantities adequately and using Kalman filters, online measurement of the quantities is realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modified spontaneous emission of CdTe quantum dots inside a photonic crystal (2003)

The angular dependence of the spontaneous emission of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) inside a photonic crystal with a pseudogap is reported. The sensitive dependences of the radiative lifetime and the photoluminescence spectrum of CdTe QDs on the observation angle demonstrate the effect of the photonic bandgap on the spontaneous emission of the QDs.
An ecological study of diet and lung cancer in the South Pacific (1995)

Incidence rates of lung cancer have been markedly lower for Fiji than for other South Pacific countries, despite similar rates of smoking. We conducted population-based surveys in several island nations of the South Pacific (Cook Islands, Fiji, Tahiti and New Caledonia) and used data from Caucasian, Japanese, Hawaiian, Filipino and Chinese controls in a case-control study of lung cancer in Hawaii to investigate the role of diet in explaining differences in lung cancer incidence among 20 ethnic-sex groups. In a stepwise linear regression of lung cancer rates on smoking, diet and other variables, smoking, as expected, explained the majority (61%) of the variability in incidence. However, several dietary components also explained significant portions of the variance. Lutein intake explained 14% and vitamin E intake, cholesterol intake and height explained 5-7% each of the remaining variance in incidence. Associations with lutein and vitamin E were inverse, whereas those with cholesterol and height were direct. Dietary beta-carotene intake was not associated with lung cancer incidence. These ecological data provide evidence for a protective effect of lutein against lung cancer. A protective effect of dietary vitamin E and a risk-enhancing effect of dietary cholesterol are also suggested.
Submicromolar concentration measurements with tubular electrodes (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubmicromolar concentration measurements with tubular electrodesW. J. Blaedel and S. L. BoyerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1971, 43, 12, 1538–1540Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60306a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60306a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bisretinoid-mediated Complement Activation on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Is Dependent on Complement Factor H Haplotype (2014)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common central blinding disease of the elderly. Homozygosity for a sequence variant causing Y402H and I62V substitutions in the gene for complement factor H (CFH) is strongly associated with risk of AMD. CFH, secreted by many cell types, including those of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), is a regulatory protein that inhibits complement activation. Recessive Stargardt maculopathy is another central blinding disease caused by mutations in the gene for ABCA4, a transporter in photoreceptor outer segments (OS) that clears retinaldehyde and prevents formation of toxic bisretinoids. Photoreceptors daily shed their distal OS, which are phagocytosed by the RPE cells. Here, we investigated the relationship between the CFH haplotype of human RPE (hRPE) cells, exposure to OS containing bisretinoids, and complement activation. We show that hRPE cells of the AMD-predisposing CFH haplotype (HH402/VV62) are attacked by complement following exposure to bisretinoid-containing Abca4(-/-) OS. This activation was dependent on factor B, indicating involvement of the alternative pathway. In contrast, hRPE cells of the AMD-protective CFH haplotype (YY402/II62) showed no complement activation following exposure to either Abca4(-/-) or wild-type OS. The AMD-protective YY402/II62 hRPE cells were more resistant to the membrane attack complex, whereas HH402/VV62 hRPE cells showed significant membrane attack complex deposition following ingestion of Abca4(-/-) OS. These results suggest that bisretinoid accumulation in hRPE cells stimulates activation and dysregulation of complement. Cells with an intact complement negative regulatory system are protected from complement attack, whereas cells with reduced CFH synthesis because of the Y402H and I62V substitutions are vulnerable to disease.
Intratumoral Lymphatics and Lymph Node Metastases in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (2003)

The development of intratumoral lymphatics in well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma appears to be associated with the spread of tumor to regional lymph nodes. The antimetastatic potential of targeting these lymphatics may be of potential therapeutic benefit in the future.
Effect of cell seeding concentration on the quality of tissue engineered constructs loaded with adult human articular chondrocytes (2008)

Many aspects of the process of in vitro differentiation of chondrocytes in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds need to be further investigated. Chitosan scaffolds were produced by freeze-drying 3% w/v 90% DDA chitosan gels. The effect of the cell seeding concentration was evaluated by culturing human adult chondrocytes in chitosan scaffolds After the first passage, cells were seeded into chitosan scaffolds with a diameter of 8 mm. The final cell seeding concentration per cm3 of chitosan scaffold was: Group A, 3 x 10(6); Group B, 6 x 10(6); Group C, 12 x 10(6); and Group D, 25 x 10(6) cells. After 14 and 28 days in 3D culture, the constructs were assesed for collagen, glucosaminoglycans and DNA content. The mechanical properties of the constructs were determined using a dynamic oscillatory shear test. The histological aspect of the constructs was evaluated using the Bern score. The collagen and GAG concentration increased, varying the cell seeding concentration. There was a significant increase in proteoglycan and hydroxyproline production between groups C and D. The sulphated GAG content increased significantly in the group D as compared to the other groups. The mechanical properties of the different constructs increased over time, from 9.6 G'/kPa at 14 days of 3D culture to 14.6 G'/kPa at 28 days under the same culture conditions. In this study we were able to determine that concentrations of 12-25 million cells/cm2 are needed to increase the matrix production and mechanical properties of human adult chondrocytes under static conditions.
An access control mechanism for P2P collaborations (2008)

We introduce a fine grained access control mechanism for Peer-to-Peer collaborations. It is based on the local access control components of the participants. The peers export their access control policies in XACML. Two mechanisms are proposed to combine these policies. The first approach establishes mappings between the export policies. The second approach installs a distributed access control directory. While mappings are created between two peers, a directory contains all rights of all users of all peers. We compare these two approaches and discuss their pros and cons.
Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for CD5, CD10, CD19, and ROR1. (2008)

Abstract ROR1 is an oncofetal protein expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for ROR1 (4A5) and used this to stain blood or marrow cells from patients with CLL and other adults. We found that 4A5 reacted with the CLL cells of all patients examined and also with some cells that had an immunophenotype of B lymphocyte precursors (BLP) (CD10+, CD19+, CD20-variable, dim CD45+, surface immunoglobulin-negative). 4A5 showed no reactivity with other blood or marrow cells. We speculated that this mAb could be used to detect CLL cells in blood or marrow of patients after therapy, providing a means with which to assess minimal residual disease (MRD). For this purpose, we evaluated a four-color combination of mAbs using CD10-FITC, CD19-PE, CD5-PerCP-Cy5.5, and 4A5-Alexa-647. MRD detection limits were established through reconstitution studies in which we made serial dilutions of CLL cells into normal blood or marrow samples. MRD was measured by whole blood lysis and acquisition of 100,000 events using a FACSCalibur and a gating strategy designed to exclude CD5-negative, CD10-positive, and 4A5-negative B lymphocytes (CD19+). CLL cells stained with 4A5 had a mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 31 (N=100) and a MFI ratio (MFIR) relative to that of isotype control stained CLL cells of more than 10:1. On average, 94% of the CLL cells in each sample had higher fluorescence intensity when stained with 4A5-Alexa-647 than when stained with an isotype-control mAb (range 88–98%). Marrow samples (N=9) from adults with diagnoses other than CLL and that had 1–10% BLP had CD5− negative, CD10+, CD19+ cells that reacted with the 4A5-Alexa 647. These cells in such samples had a MFI of 19 and a MFIR relative to that of isotype-control-stained BLP of 6.3. On average, 48% of such cells in each sample had higher fluorescence intensity when stained with 4A5-Alexa-647 than when stained with an isotype-control mAb (range 18–79%). Four color flow cytometric analysis with CD10, CD19, CD5, and 4A5 detected CLL cells present at less than 0.1% in reconstituted blood or marrow samples, including marrow with 3–5% BLP. Background was between 0.01% and 0.1% with whole blood (marrow) lysis when we acquired a total of 100,000 flow-cytometric events. These data indicate that anti-ROR1 mAbs can be used with mAbs specific for CD10, CD19, and CD5 for sensitive detection of MRD in CLL.
Compensation for mutual coupling effects in direction finding (2002)

Mutual coupling between array sensors is studied, and schemes for compensating for these effects are proposed. Particular attention is given to nonsearch algorithms such as ESPRIT and the moving window. Computer simulations are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SemEval-2017 Task 4: Sentiment Analysis in Twitter (2017)

This paper describes the fifth year of the Sentiment Analysis in Twitter task. SemEval-2017 Task 4 continues with a rerun of the subtasks of SemEval-2016 Task 4, which include identifying the overall sentiment of the tweet, sentiment towards a topic with classification on a twopoint and on a five-point ordinal scale, and quantification of the distribution of sentiment towards a topic across a number of tweets: again on a two-point and on a five-point ordinal scale. Compared to 2016, we made two changes: (i) we introduced a new language, Arabic, for all subtasks, and (ii) we made available information from the profiles of the Twitter users who posted the target tweets. The task continues to be very popular, with a total of 48 teams participating this year.