gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint scheduling and power-allocation for interference management in wireless networks (2003)

Interference management is crucial in wireless communication systems because interference ultimately limits the system capacity. Opportunistic scheduling and power allocation are effective interference management mechanisms. In this paper, we present joint scheduling and power-allocation schemes to alleviate intercell interference. First, we study the problem with the objective to minimize the average transmission power, and thus interference to other cells, while maintaining the required data-rate for each user within the cell. Then we study the problem to maximize the net utility, defined as the difference between the value of throughput and the cost of power consumption, with the same data-rate requirements. We establish the optimality of our joint scheduling and power-allocation schemes for both problems in the paper.
Freezability of Bovine Spermatozoa in Tris-Buffered Yolk Extenders Containing Different Levels of Tris, Sodium, Potassium and Calcium Ions (1967)

This study was designed to investigate the effect of different species of ions and osmotic pressure on survival of bull spermatozoa during freezing to --196 C. Replacing 20 to 80% of the Tris-buffered 20% yolk extender with isosmotic NaC1, KC1, or CaCI~ solutions was found to be harmful. Potassium was more harmful than Na or Ca at the highest level of replacement. When either 10 or 20% by volume of a 0.25 ~ Tris-buffered 1% yolk extender was replaced with isosmotic Na and K chloride and citrate salt solutions, survival of spermatozoa during freezing was not affected. Replacement of 50% or more of the Na citrate with K citrate in 1 and 20% yolk-citrate extenders reduced sperm cell survival before and after freezing. These results indicate that the optimmn levels of Na and K in extenders for freezing spermatozoa are less than the normal intracellular concentrations of these ions.
Association of Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression With Greater Risk for Suicidal Behavior (2003)

The greater rate of suicide attempts among patients with comorbid PTSD and major depressive episode was not due to differences in substance use, childhood abuse, or cluster B personality disorders.
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells suppress cardiac fibrosis in the hypertensive heart (2011)

These data indicate that Tregs attenuate cardiac fibrosis associated with hypertensive heart disease by suppressing inflammation.
Two-Phase Actuators: Staber Zipping Devices Without Fabrication of Curved Structures (1996)

The design of electrostatic actuators optimized for both high force generation as well as long and stable displacement is difficult. Several groups have proposed and/or implemented devices based on "zipping" to achieve improvements in both areas simultaneously. In these designs the implementation of a zipping actuator requires the fabrication of a curved surface on which one electrode touches another. The fabrication of controlled curved surfaces often presents difficulties, especially those perpendicular to the wafer surface. In this paper we propose and model a class of devices, two-phase actuators, which can obtain similar effects without need for fabrication of curved structures.
Standing balance training: effect on balance and locomotion in hemiparetic adults. (1989)

The effects of balance retraining on standing balance and locomotor performance were examined in postacute hemiparetic adults. Balance during habitual and instructed-even standing, as well as locomotor performance, were measured before and after a three- to four-week treatment period. Two groups of 21 matched subjects participated in physical therapy. One group received standing balance training with a specially designed feedback device that provided dynamic visual information about relative weight distribution over the paretic and nonparetic limb. Subjects trained with the feedback device showed significantly better static standing symmetry than did subjects who did not receive augmented feedback, p less than .05. Although both groups improved significantly in gait velocity, cadence, stride length, and cycle time, p less than .01, the initially identified asymmetrical locomotor pattern appeared to be only minimally affected by the standing balance training. Results indicated that although standing balance and locomotor control mechanisms may be highly interrelated, a reduction in standing balance asymmetry does not necessarily lead to a concomitant reduction in the asymmetrical limb movement patterns associated with hemiparetic locomotion.
<title>CMOS analog-to-digital conversion for uncooled bolometer infrared detector arrays</title> (1995)

Bias and signal conditioning techniques for uncooled resistance bolometer infrared detectors employ dc bias or various ac modulation and readout techniques. This paper describes a novel method of converting the absorbed incident radiation into digital signals by use of 0.8 micrometers CMOS oscillators in each pixel. Incoming radiation causes a resistance change in the bolometer which in turn results in a frequency shift. A concept of accurately readout out the digital signals from each pixel in the array is presented. Pixelwise A/D conversion and readout is demonstrated using a thin film semiconductor bolometer detector array. An NETD (Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference) of 0.1 K has been measured.
Single radial hemolysis test for quantitation of complement-fixing antibodies to non-hemagglutinating viruses (1984)

A single radial hemolysis test, which overcomes many of the problems of conventional complement fixation tests, was developed for the quantitation of virus complement-fixing antibodies. The test procedure utilized staphylococcal protein A-coated sheep erythrocytes immobilized in agarose into which antigen was incorporated. Undiluted heat-inactivated serum samples were allowed to diffuse radially from wells punched in the agarose. Protein A served to concentrate the subsequent antigen-antibody reaction on the surface of the erythrocytes. Zones of hemolysis were developed by flooding with complement. With adenovirus as a model, basic test parameters were defined, and optimum reagent concentrations and diffusion conditions were determined. A positive linear relationship was found to exist between zone diameter and increasing log concentration of specific antiserum. No correlation was found between zone diameter and total concentration of immunoglobulin G in test sera. Sera rendered anticomplementary by the addition of carrageenan produced hemolytic zones equal to diameter to those observed with untreated sera. Seventy-seven human sera with known complement fixation titers were tested by this method. Good correlation (r = 0.74) between the complement fixation test and single radial hemolysis was observed. This test was highly reproducible and more sensitive than the conventional complement fixation test.
The end of the rainbow? Color schemes for improved data graphics (2004)

Modern computer displays and printers enable the widespread use of color in scientific communication, but the expertise for designing effective graphics has not kept pace with the technology for producing them. Historically even the most prestigious publications have tolerated high defect rates in figures and illustrations [ Cleveland , 1984],and technological advances that make creating and reproducing graphics easier do not appear to have decreased the frequency of errors. Flawed graphics consequently beget more flawed graphics as authors emulate published examples. Color has the potential to enhance communication, but design mistakes can result in color figures that are less effective than grayscale displays of the same data.
Characterization of the tol-pal region of Escherichia coli K-12: translational control of tolR expression by TolQ and identification of a new open reading frame downstream of pal encoding a periplasmic protein (1996)

The TolQ, TolR, TolA, TolB, and Pal proteins appear to function in maintaining the integrity of the outer membrane, as well as facilitating the uptake of the group A colicins and the DNA of the infecting filamentous bacteriophages. Sequence data showed that these genes are clustered in a 6-kb segment of DNA with the gene order orf1 tolQ tolR tolA tolB pal orf2 (a newly identified open reading frame encoding a 29-kD9 protein). Like those containing orf1, bacteria containing an insertion mutation in this gene showed no obvious phenotype. Analysis of beta-galactosidase activity from fusion constructs in which the lac operon was fused to various genes in the cluster showed that the genes in this region constitute two separate operons: orf1 tolQRA and tolB pal orf2. In the orf1 tolQRA operon, translation of MR was dependent on translation of the upstream tolQ region. Consistent with this result, no functional ribosome-binding site for TolR synthesis was detected.
Increase Access to the Appellate Courts: A Critical Look at Modernizing the Final Judgment Rule (2014)

INTRODUCTION 43 I. BACKGROUND 48 II. CIRCUIT SPLIT 50 A. The Three Main Approaches to Manufactured Finality: the Ryan, Per Se, and Discretionary Standard Rules 52 1. Ryan Rule 52 2. Per Se Rule 53 3. Discretionary Standard 54 B. Evaluation Criteria 55 1. The Final Judgment Rule: Strict versus Pragmatic Finality 56 a. The Ryan Rule: Strict Finality 56 b. The Per Se & Discretionary Standard Rules: Pragmatic Finality 58 2. Rule 54(b) 61 a. Ryan Rule: Preserving Rule 54(b) 61 b. Per Se and Discretionary Standard: Manufactured Finality as a Complement to Rule 54(b). 62 3. Judicial Efficiency & Piecemeal Litigation 63 a. Horizontal Piecemeal Litigation 64
A High Quality Videophone Coder Using Hierarchical Motion Estimation And Structure Coding Of The Prediction Error (1988)

For the realization of a videophone for use with the ISDN at data rates as low as 64 kbit/s there is a demand for powerful coding algorithms. In this paper new concepts for motion estimation and residual error coding, which are the most important parts of an hybrid codec, are introduced: Fast motion estimation algorithms to be found in many approaches, assume a monotonous behavior of the matching criterion with respect to the displacement. This assumption does not hold in reality. Therefore a hierarchical block matching motion estimation algorithm is introduced, which approaches the performance of a full search at a fraction of the computational cost. The algorithm combines a full search with a vector quantization as a first stage. In a second stage a full search with sub-pel accuracy is performed only over the small region corresponding to the codeword of the first stage. By motion compensated prediction the image of the residual error is obtained. A statistical analysis of this image shows that methods for data compression of natural images, e.g. transform coding, are not suitable for coding of the prediction error images. Instead, a structure coding scheme is proposed: The special signal statistics of the error signal allows a coarse quantization in the original domain. Dominant block types are coded using a quadtree. The scheme offers the additional advantage of easy implementation, unlike the DCT. Computer simulations show an improved picture quality even for strong scene movement without the usual artifacts, like blocking for example.
Temperature dependency of luminescence from laser-produced cavitation bubbles (1999)

Single laser-produced bubbles emit short light pulses in the collapse phase. This phenomenon is called single-cavitation bubble luminescence (SCBL) in analogy to single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) where the bubbles levitate in an acoustic field. Laser bubbles are produced using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The laser beam is focused with an aberration-minimized lens system into a temperature controlled cuvette filled with bidistilled water. A photomultiplier collects the light emitted in the collapse phase of the bubble. Bubble size is monitored with a hydrophone. As laser-produced bubbles are bigger in size than their acoustically driven counterparts, they emit stronger light pulses. The light energy per pulse in dependence on bubble size is reported. SBSL shows a strong dependency on temperature and a similar behavior is expected for SCBL.
A constant-velocity cycle ergometer for the study of dynamic muscle function (1983)

A cycle ergometer has been designed to measure the force exerted on the pedal cranks during maximum effort at a variety of constant velocities. Preset crank velocities of 13-166 rpm are established by a controlled 3-hp motor and cannot be overcome by the subject. Torque is measured by strain gauges bonded to the crank shafts; peak torque, peak power, work, and average power are derived for each pedal cycle. Studies in 30 healthy male subjects established reproducibility and normal standards. During exercise for 45 s at a constant velocity of 60 rpm, there was a wide intersubject variation in both maximal torque (118-226 N . m) and the percentage decline in torque (27.2-52.0%). The decline in torque was inversely related to maximal O2 intake (r = 0.84). During short (10-s) periods of exercise at six crank velocities between 60-160 rpm, a linear inverse relationship between maximal peak torque and pedal crank velocity was observed. The peak torque-velocity relationship and the percentage decline in peak torque during 30 s exercise at 60, 100, and 140 rpm were reproducible within a given subject, the coefficient of variation was less than 10%.
Supercritical fluid extraction of chlorpyrifos methyl from wheat at part per billion levels (1989)

Abstract The use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) to recover pesticides from environmental matrices was investigated using chlorpyrifos methyl spiked on a wheat kernel substrate. Volume‐based extraction recovery profiles were generated to determine the pressure, temperature, and fluid composition that yielded the maximum analyte recovery and minimum extraction time. On‐line coupled microcolumn liquid chromatography‐gas chromatography (LC‐GC) with electron capture detection was used to effect cleanup of the extracts and to determine the recoveries of chlorpyrifos methyl. With unmodified CO 2 as the extraction solvent, we obtained only 65% recovery of chlorpyrifos methyl spiked at the 50 parts per billion (ppb) level on the wheat. The use of CO 2 mixed with 2% methanol, however, yielded recoveries averaging 97.8%, with a relative standard deviation of 4.0%. Extraction times were 10 min or less for a 1‐g sample size. The use of PEEK seqling material in the extraction vessels and in the ferrules of the finger‐tight fittings in the SFE system permitted rapid cycling between multiple samples and reliable, leak‐free operation. This approach could significantly shorten the sample preparation time associated with pesticide residue analysis.
Storage mode operation of a phototransistor and its adaptation to integrated arrays for image detection (1966)

It will be shown that a phototransistor possesses all the necessary requirements to operate in a photon flux integration mode; i.e. 1) a storage element, 2) a nearly ideal switch, and 3) a current source which depends on incident illumination level. The technique for realizing this mode of operation with a phototransistor and the resulting performance will be described. It will be shown that the signal charge will be enhanced by the gain of the transistor over that available from a comparable photodiode operated in the same mode. The simplicity of the structure permits fabrication of monolithic integrated arrays of closely spaced detectors without the need for electrical isolation, either with a dielectric or a junction. As a result a fundamental restriction on spacing density has been eliminated. Also, the restrictions imposed on spectral range and sensitivity by an isolation have been eliminated. Both linear and two-dimensional arrays may be fabricated using this structure. Sampling techniques will be described for a two-dimensional array which eliminates both crosstalk and the need of multiple load resistors for signal recovery.
Relation between antral motility and gastric emptying of solids and liquids in humans (1985)

Our aim was to test the hypothesis that there is a relation between antral phasic pressure activity and the emptying of solids and liquids from the intact human stomach after a mixed meal. This hypothesis was evaluated in 14 healthy individuals in whom we performed simultaneous antral manometry and radioscintigraphy after ingestion of a meal labeled with [99mTc]sulfur colloid in cooked egg (solid component) and [111In]DTPA (liquid component). Analysis of the data included an in-depth evaluation of different models for expressing both gastric emptying rates and antral pressure activity. We found that gastric emptying was adequately represented by a two-phase model consisting of lag and emptying periods and by a power exponential model for the liquid phase. Distal antral motility was accurately represented by the slope of the cumulative antral motility index. During the lag period for solids, the antral motility was inversely related to the duration of the lag. During the solid-emptying period, there was a positive correlation between emptying of solids and antral motility. No significant relation was found between antral motility and overall emptying of the liquid phase of the meal. However, a relationship was found when antral motility was related to liquid emptying after an initial lag period for solids. These human data are consistent with a role of antral pressure activity in trituration of solid food and a role of the antrum in the subsequent propulsion of solids and liquids from the stomach.
Long-term cryopreservation of human mesenchymal stem cells using carboxylated poly-l-lysine without the addition of proteins or dimethyl sulfoxide (2013)

Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) are known for their potential to undergo mesodermal differentiation into many cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Therefore, hBMSCs can be used for a variety of regenerative medicine therapies, in fact, hBMC-derived osteocytes have already been used in bone reconstruction. This study discusses the viability and the differentiation properties of hBMSCs that have been cryopreserved in the absence of proteins or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by using a novel polyampholyte cryoprotective agent (CPA). This CPA is based on carboxylated poly-l-lysine (COOH-PLL) and it was produced by a reaction between ε-poly-l-lysine and succinic anhydride. (1)H-NMR and two-dimensional correlation ((1)H-(13)C HSQC) spectroscopy revealed that COOH-PLL did not have a special structure in solution. The hBMSCs can be cryopreserved for 24 months at -80 °C by using a 7.5% (w/w) cryopreserving solution of COOH-PLL, which introduces carboxyl groups that result in > 90% cell viability after thawing. Furthermore, the cryopreserved hBMSCs fully retained both their proliferative capacity as well as their potential for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. Confocal laser-scanning microscopy showed that the polyampholyte CPA did not penetrate the cell membrane; rather, it attached to the membrane during cryopreservation. These results indicate that the cryoprotective mechanisms of COOH-PLL might differ from those of currently used small molecule CPAs. These results also suggest that using COOH-PLL as a CPA for hBMSC preservation can eliminate the use of proteins and DMSO, which would be safer if these cells were used for cell transplantation or regenerative medicine.
LINKAGE STUDIES INVOLVING TWO CHROMOSOMAL MALE-STERILITY MUTANTS IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT (1981)

The factors for Cornerstone and Probus male sterility are allelic on chromosome arm 4Aalpha. They map independently of the centromere, but show linkage with a rye segment located 1 crossover unit from the centromere on the beta arm. The alien segment causes asynapsis and some precocious terminalization of chiasmata when in repulsion with the mutants. The mutants, presumed to be terminal deletions, cause some desynapsis, but not asynapsis.
Highly active organosilane-based N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium complex immobilized on silica particles for the Suzuki reaction (2007)

Abstract 1-Methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium chloride, [TMSPIM][Cl - ], was synthesized as a precursor of N -heterocyclic carbene (NHC), which can be coordinated with palladium to give an organosilane-based bidentic NHC-Pd complex. The organosilane-based NHC-Pd complex was immobilized covalently on silica particles (NHC-Pd/silica) and then characterized by field emission/scanning electron microscopy (FE/SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS), and inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP/AES). The Suzuki reaction was performed as a model reaction to examine the catalytic activity of NHC-Pd/silica. NHC-Pd/silica exhibited excellent performance in the Suzuki reaction of various aryl halide derivatives (except for aryl chloride derivatives) with phenylboronic acid under mild conditions (room temperature and short reaction time). Moreover, the catalyst was recycled several times without any significant loss of catalytic activity in the Suzuki reaction.
Cross-phase modulation suppressor for multispan dispersion-managed WDM transmissions (2000)

We present a new suppression technique of the transmission impairments caused by cross-phase modulation in dispersion-managed links. This technique can be implemented through a simple, passive, and integratable device. Experimental results show a sensitivity penalty reduction from 4.3 to 0.1 dB in a two-channel 10-Gb/s transmission over three spans of 100-km positive nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber. We also show numerically the potential merits of the device with a large number of channels, merits which are expected to become more evident with the number of spans.
Verbal, Visual, and Kinesthetic Error Feedback in the Learning of a Simple Motor Task (1976)

Abstract Sixty subjects (30 males and 30 females) attempted to learn a self-paced positioning task using verbal, visual, or kinesthetic error feedback. The three methods of presenting error information were found to be equally effective in learning the task. Contrary to previous findings, the results of the present study support the use of kinesthetic error feedback in early stages of learning. The observed viability of kinesthetic error feedback compared with verbal and visual error feedback is enlightening in view of subject's orientation toward the use of more familiar verbal or visual cues rather than novel kinesthetic cues. No significant sex effects were found to exist in the present study.
Plasma membrane damage as a marker of neuronal injury (2009)

Traumatic injury to neurons, initiated by high strain rates, consists of both primary and secondary damage, yet the cellular tolerances in the acute post-injury period are not well understood. The events that occur at the time of and immediately after an insult depend on the injury severity as well as inherent properties of the cell and tissue. We have analyzed neuronal plasma membrane disruption in several in vitro and in vivo injury models of traumatic injury. We found that insult severity positively correlated with the degree of membrane disruptions and that the time course of membrane breaches and subsequent repair varies. This approach provides an experimental framework to investigate injury tolerance criteria as well as mechanistically driven therapeutic strategies. It is postulated that a traumatic insult to the brain or spinal cord results in cellular membrane strain, inducing acute damage that upsets plasma membrane homeostasis. An increased understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in membrane damage is required in order to specifically target these pathways for diagnostic and treatment purposes and overcome current clinical limitations in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).