gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase II trial of imatinib mesylate and hydroxyurea for grade III malignant gliomas (2006)

1573 Background: We evaluated the combination of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) and hydroxyurea in WHO grade III malignant gliomas following the encouraging response of this combination demonstrated in glioblastoma multiforme. Methods: Eligibility: adult patients with recurrent/relapsing AA or AO with measurable disease; 2 weeks since surgical resection or 4 weeks since radiotherapy or chemotherapy; Karnofsky 60% and adequate organ function. Imatinib and hydroxyurea were given orally daily. Imatinib was administered at 400 mg daily to patients not on enzyme inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED) while those on EIAED received 500 mg twice a day. Hydroxyurea was administered to all patients at 500 mg twice a day. Each cycle was 28 days of therapy. Results: Thirty-nine patients with recurrent AA (n= 32) or AO (n=7), following prior radiation therapy and chemotherapy, have been enrolled, including 21 (54%) not on EIAED and 18 (46%) on EIAED. Patient characteristics were comparable between both strata. Median age was 39 years (range, 21–59 years). The most frequent grade III-IV toxicities were neutropenia (n=11), leukopenia (n=8), thrombocytopenia (n=6), deep venous thrombosis (n=3), fatigue (n=2) and pulmonary edema (n=2). One patient presented grade V brain hemorrhage at the time of disease progression. Four patients achieved a partial response, for an overall response rate of 10%. Thirteen patients (33%) achieved disease stabilization. Twelve patients (67%) not on EIAED had progressive disease as their best response compared to only 4 patients (27%) on EIAED. The median time to progression for all patients, and for those not on EAIED and on EIAED was 14.1 weeks, 10.9 weeks and 26.0 weeks, respectively. Conclusions: Daily imitanib mesylate plus hydroxyurea demonstrates encouraging activity and is well tolerated among patients with recurrent AA or AO. As observed with glioblastoma multiforme patients, patients on EAIED seem to demonstrate a better response. [Table: see text]
Technological exploration of RRAM crossbar array for matrix-vector multiplication (2015)

The matrix-vector multiplication is the key operation for many computationally intensive algorithms. In recent years, the emerging metal oxide resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) device and RRAM crossbar array have demonstrated a promising hardware realization of the analog matrix-vector multiplication with ultra-high energy efficiency. In this paper, we analyze the impact of nonlinear voltage-current relationship of RRAM devices and the interconnect resistance as well as other crossbar array parameters on the circuit performance and present a design guide. On top of that, we propose a technological exploration flow for device parameter configuration to overcome the impact of nonideal factors and achieve a better trade-off among performance, energy and reliability for each specific application. The simulation results of a support vector machine (SVM) and MNIST pattern recognition dataset show that the RRAM crossbar array-based SVM is robust to the input signal fluctuation but sensitive to the tunneling gap deviation. A further resistance resolution test presents that a 4-bit RRAM device is able to realize a recognition accuracy of ∼ 90%, indicating the physical feasibility of RRAM crossbar array-based SVM. In addition, the proposed technological exploration flow is able to achieve 10.98% improvement of recognition accuracy on the MNIST dataset and 26.4% energy savings compared with previous work.
The Efficacy of Hypertonic Saline Nasal Irrigation for Chronic Sinonasal Symptoms (2005)

HSNI is an effective adjunctive treatment of chronic sinonasal symptoms.
Design, simulation, fabrication and measurement of a 25 nm, 50% slider (1995)

In the near future magnetic hard disk drives are expected to achieve densities approaching 10 gigabits per square inch. This will require magnetic spacings between the read/write transducer and magnetic disk of less than 25 nm. Such spacings are being referred to in the industry as "near contact". This paper presents a 50%/25 nm slider with shaped rails and sub-ambient pressure zones. The sliders were fabricated using chemical etch techniques, and their spacings were measured against a glass disk by interferometry. It was found that the measured spacings were substantially greater than the design values. However, stylus measurements of the etch profiles indicated slopes different from those incorporated in the simulator. After accounting for these slopes in the simulator input data we found that the subsequently obtained simulation results were in good agreement with measurements.
Profiling file repository access patterns for identifying data exfiltration activities (2011)

Studies show that a significant number of employees steal data when changing jobs. Insider attackers who have the authorization to access the best-kept secrets of organizations pose a great challenge for organizational security. Although increasing efforts have been spent on identifying insider attacks, little research concentrates on detecting data exfiltration activities. This paper proposes a model for identifying data exfiltration activities by insiders. It uses statistical methods to profile legitimate uses of file repositories by authorized users. By analyzing legitimate file repository access logs, user access profiles are created and can be employed to detect a large set of data exfiltration activities. The effectiveness of the proposed model was tested with file access histories from the subversion logs of the popular open source project KDE.
Camera parameter estimation from a long image sequence by tracking markers and natural features (2004)

Abstract Camera parameter recovery from an image sequence is very important in many applications such as 3D model reconstruction, object recognition, robot navigation, and mixed reality. However, there is a problem concerning the precision in camera parameter estimation from the image sequence, because feature tracking errors and estimation errors are accumulated. In this paper, we propose a camera parameter estimation method which is based on using a number of markers with known 3D position, color, and shape, as well as natural features. Initially, the camera parameters and 3D positions of natural features are estimated efficiently in every frame by tracking both these markers and natural features. The accumulation of estimated errors is then minimized by specifying additional markers in some frames of input and optimizing parameters globally through the whole input. In the experiments, some results of 3D reconstruction show the validity of the proposed method. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 35(8): 12–20, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/scj.10702
Profiles and Portfolios: The Nursing and Midwifery Context (1996)

This chapter charts the history and identifies the factors, such as the statutory bodies, reflective practice, market forces and higher education, that have influenced the introduction of profiles into the nursing and midwifery world. It goes on to explore the way profiles are being commonly used at present and addresses such issues as confidentiality. The final part of the chapter outlines an initiative in Ontario, Canada, to introduce profiles as part of a quality assurance programme.
Autoradiographic and in situ hybridization localization of corticotropin‐releasing factor 1 and 2 receptors in nonhuman primate brain (1999)

Two different corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, have been identified in rat and human brain. Although the two receptor subtypes show a markedly different distribution in the rat brain, their distribution in the primate brain has not been described previously. In this study, the neuroanatomic distribution of CRF1 and CRF2 receptor binding sites in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was assessed by using iodine 125 ([125I)-Tyr0]-sauvagine with or without the selective CRF1 receptor antagonist CP-154,526–1. Radiolabeled human cRNA probes were used to map the distribution of the two receptor mRNAs with in situ hybridization. Both CRF1 and CRF2 receptors were found in the pituitary and throughout the neocortex (especially, in prefrontal, cingulate, striate, and insular cortices), amygdala, and hippocampal formation of the monkey brain. This is in contrast to the distribution of these receptors reported in the rat brain, in which generally only the CRF1 receptor is found in the pituitary and neocortex. These results suggest that, in primates, both CRF1 and CRF2 receptors may be involved in mediating the effects of CRF on cognition, behavior, and pituitary-adrenal function. The presence of CRF1 (but not CRF2) receptors within the locus coeruleus, cerebellar cortex, nucleus of the solitary tract, thalamus, and striatum and of CRF2 (but not CRF1) receptors in the choroid plexus, certain hypothalamic nuclei, the nucleus prepositus, and the nucleus of the stria terminalis suggests that each receptor subtype also may have distinct functional roles within the primate central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol. 408:365–377, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF STRUCTURED LIPIDS: TRANSESTERIFICATION OF TRIOLEIN AND CAPRYLIC ACID (1995)

ABSTRACT Structured lipids were successfully synthesized by lipase‐catalyzed trans‐esterification (acidolysis) of caprylic acid and triolein in nonaqueous medium. Twelve commercially available lipases (10%, w/w substrates) were screened for their ability to form structured lipid by incubating 100 mg triolein and 65.3 mg caprylic acid in 3 ml hexane at 55C for 24 h. The products were analyzed by reverse‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with evaporative light scattering detection. Monocapryloolein was the major component of the products (57.4 mol %) and IM60 lipase from Rhizomucor miehei was the best biocatalyst. Dicapryloolein and triolein contents were 35.4% and 5.3%, respectively. Temperature, mole ratio, time course, incubation media, added water, enzyme load, and substrate concentration were also investigated in this study. The results suggest that it is possible to synthesize structured lipids with lipase as biocatalyst.
Probing of laser-induced crack modulation by laser-monitored surface waves and surface skimming bulk waves (2012)

All-optical monitoring of the nonlinear motion of a surface-breaking crack is reported. Crack closing is induced by quasi-continuous laser heating, while Rayleigh surface acoustic pulses and bulk longitudinal surface skimming acoustic pulses are also generated and detected by lasers. By exploiting the strong dependence of the acoustic pulses reflection and transmission efficiency on the state-open or closed-of the contacts between the crack faces, the parametric modulation of ultrasonic pulses is achieved. It is observed that bulk acoustic waves skimming along the surface can be more sensitive to crack motion than Rayleigh surface waves.
Named entity recognition (2002)

This paper presents a maximum entropy-based named entity recognizer (NER). It differs from previous machine learning-based NERs in that it uses information from the whole document to classify each word, with just one classifier. Previous work that involves the gathering of information from the whole document often uses a secondary classifier, which corrects the mistakes of a primary sentence-based classifier. In this paper, we show that the maximum entropy framework is able to make use of global information directly, and achieves performance that is comparable to the best previous machine learning-based NERs on MUC-6 and MUC-7 test data.
The Synthesis of 9-(1-Azetidinyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (1990)

tX&&&i -Synthesis of analogue (2) of tacrine is described in which the primary amino group is replaced by the azetidine moiety.The synthesis was accomplished in two steps from the acridinone derivative 10.This involved conversion of 1 0 to triflate 11, followed by treatment with azetidine to give the target compound 2.The recent success of 9-amino-l,2,3.4-tetrahydroacridine(tacrine) (1) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease has inspired our interest in the synthesis of certain related
Organ Blood Supply and Tissue Oxygenation after Limited Normovolemic Hemodilution with 3% versus 6% Dextran-60 (1993)

In comparison to 6% DX-60, the solution of 3% DX-60 is of equivalent efficacy as volume substitute and in the induction of normovolemic HD. The main advantage of 3% DX-60 solution, however, is the fact that twice as much volume can be administered before the recommended maximal daily dose of 1.5 g/kg DX is reached. Of the rheological factors influencing oxygen delivery, hematocrit thus plays the predominant role, while plasma viscosity is of minor importance.
Wearable soft sensing suit for human gait measurement (2014)

Wearable robots based on soft materials will augment mobility and performance of the host without restricting natural kinematics. Such wearable robots will need soft sensors to monitor the movement of the wearer and robot outside the lab. Until now wearable soft sensors have not demonstrated significant mechanical robustness nor been systematically characterized for human motion studies of walking and running. Here, we present the design and systematic characterization of a soft sensing suit for monitoring hip, knee, and ankle sagittal plane joint angles. We used hyper-elastic strain sensors based on microchannels of liquid metal embedded within elastomer, but refined their design with the use of discretized stiffness gradients to improve mechanical durability. We found that these robust sensors could stretch up to 396% of their original lengths, would restrict the wearer by less than 0.17% of any given joint’s torque, had gauge factor sensitivities of greater than 2.2, and exhibited less than 2% change in electromechanical specifications through 1500 cycles of loading–unloading. We also evaluated the accuracy and variability of the soft sensing suit by comparing it with joint angle data obtained through optical motion capture. The sensing suit had root mean square (RMS) errors of less than 5° for a walking speed of 0.89 m/s and reached a maximum RMS error of 15° for a running speed of 2.7 m/s. Despite the deviation of absolute measure, the relative repeatability of the sensing suit’s joint angle measurements were statistically equivalent to that of optical motion capture at all speeds. We anticipate that wearable soft sensing will also have applications beyond wearable robotics, such as in medical diagnostics and in human–computer interaction.
Analysis of Fur binding to operator sequences within the Neisseria gonorrhoeae fbpA promoter (1996)

The gene encoding Neisseria gonorrhoeae periplasmic binding protein FbpA contains two regions whose sequences exhibit homology with the Escherichia coli ferric uptake regulator protein (Fur) consensus binding sequence. In this study, DNase I footprinting experiments were employed to characterize the operator sequences within the fbpA promoter region to which E. coli Fur binds. A 160-bp fragment encompassing the promotor region and the putative iron boxes of the fbpA promoter was incubated with Fur, DNaseI was added, and the products of these reactions were sequenced to identify nucleotide peaks that were protected. At 50 nM Fur, a protected region that spanned 33 bp and extended 19 bp upstream and 8 bp downstream of the -35 region of the fbpA promoter was observed. At higher concentrations of Fur (75 and 100 nM), an extension of this protected region upstream of the -35 region was observed. Introduction of a plasmid carrying an fbpA-cat transcriptional fusion in E. coli H1717 (Fur+) resulted in an 88% induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression under conditions of iron restriction; however, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression was not responsive to iron in E. coli H1745 (Fur-), indicating that transcriptional regulation of fbpA in response to iron occurs via the negative regulator Fur. The extent of the fbpA operator sequence (42 bp), as defined by our footprinting analysis, would suggest the binding of two Fur repressor dimers.
Non-cell-autonomous function of the <i>Antirrhinum</i> floral homeotic proteins <i>DEFICIENS</i> and <i>GLOBOSA</i> is exerted by their polar cell-to-cell trafficking (1996)

In Antirrhinum majus, petal and stamen organ identity is controlled by two MADS-box transcription factors, DEFICIENS and GLOBOSA. Mutations in either of these genes result in the replacement of petals by sepaloid organs and stamens by carpelloid organs. Somatically stable def and glo periclinal chimeras, generated by transposon excision events, were used to study the non-cell-autonomous functions of these two MADS-box proteins. Two morphologically distinct types of chimeras were analysed using genetic, morphological and molecular techniques. Restoration of DEF expression in the L1 cell layer results in the reestablishment of DEF and GLO functions in L1-derived cells only; inner layer cells retain their mutant sepaloid features. Nevertheless, this activity is sufficient to allow the expansion of petal lobes, highlighting the role of DEF in the stimulation of cell proliferation and/or cell shape and elongation when expressed in the L1 layer. Establishment of DEF or GLO expression in L2 and L3 cell layers is accompanied by the recovery of petaloid identity of the epidermal cells but it is insufficient to allow petal lobe expansion. We show by in situ immunolocalisation that the non-cell-autonomy is due to direct trafficking of DEF and GLO proteins from the inner layer to the epidermal cells. At least for DEF, this movement appears to be polar since DEF acts cell-autonomously when expressed in the L1 cell layer. Furthermore, the petaloid revertant sectors observed on second whorl mutant organs and the mutant margins of petals of L2L3 chimeras suggest that DEF and GLO intradermal movement is limited. This restriction may reflect the difference in the regulation of primary plasmodesmata connecting cells from the same layer and secondary plasmodesmata connecting cells from different layers. We propose that control of intradermal trafficking of DEF and GLO could play a role in maintaining of the boundaries of their expression domains.
Regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in metazoa (1997)

Recent studies have identified additional cis-acting sequence elements that can either positively or negatively regulate pre-mRNA splicing. Trans-acting protein factors involved in tissue-specific splicing regulation have been characterized. The functions of splicing factors have been explored in vivo and certain splicing factors have been demonstrated to be essential for proper development and cell viability. Kinases that can specifically phosphorylate splicing factors have been identified and phosphorylation has been shown to influence the activity of splicing factors, consistent with a role for phosphorylation in splicing regulation.
Low cost mixed-signal microcontroller based power measurement technique (2004)

The design and implementation of a mixed-signal microcontroller-based one-phase measurement technique for fundamental active and reactive power is presented. The Goertzel algorithm, which is a special case of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), is used to extract features of various distorted waveforms including those containing harmonics. It is no longer necessary or economic to use the Fourier transform for evaluating harmonics that are retrievable from the sampled data. To use the Goertzel algorithm yields minimal computational load for the fundamental active and reactive power measurements. A correction factor is developed for the power measurement inherent errors, which emerge due to alternating sampling of the voltage and current waveforms. At the same time, any fluctuations, which may occur on measurement values, are reduced by L-point running averages. Consequently within the time required for fast Fourier transform (FFT) measurement, averaging and corrections are accomplished.
Suppression of cyclic AMP-induced cell excitation in Dictyostelium discoideum by inhibitors of eicosanoid oxidation (1985)

Receptor-mediated stimulation of Dictyostelium cells by the aggregative chemoattractant cyclic AMP leads to a complex excitatory response resulting in chemotaxis and the synthesis and release of cyclic AMP as the relayed chemotactic signal. However, the mechanism of this stimulus-response coupling is not well understood. In this study, we show that a number of compounds, best known as inhibitors of cyclooxygenase activity in mammalian cells, prevent cyclic AMP receptor-mediated cell excitation and cyclic AMP accumulation in aggregation-competent Dictyostelium cells. These observations suggest that some eicosanoid-like compound(s) may be involved in stimulus—response coupling in this organism, as is the case in higher eukaryotic cells.
Electrical Ignition of LGP 1846 in a Two-Stage Igniter (1989)

An electrically initiated, liquid propellant (LP)-based igniter was designed and tested. The igniter consisted of two stages, a 0.5 cc precombustion chamber and a 12 cc antechamber. A solution of potassium chloride was used in the initial tests as a LP simulant. LGP 1846 was used in all propellant tests. Preliminary results indicated that voltage breakdown (arc) may occur when the voltage across the electrode gap is greater than 500 volts. Ignition without voltage breakdown was not attained. Tests with 15 milliHenrys of inductance in the discharge circuit did not result in reliable ignition. The inductance was reduced to 2.5 mH, increasing the electrical power and absorbed energy, and reliable ignition was achieved. The amount of energy absorbed by the igniter was between 13 and 24 J in tests that resulted in ignition of the LP. This was 23 to 43 percent of the initial energy stored in the system. There was large variability in the maximum pressures attained in the igniter chambers. This was, at least in part, due to the failure of a teflon seal at the base of the precombustion chamber.
The Cognitive Consequences of Formal Clothing (2015)

Drawing from literature on construal-level theory and the psychological consequences of clothing, the current work tested whether wearing formal clothing enhances abstract cognitive processing. Five studies provided evidence supporting this hypothesis. Wearing more formal clothing was associated with higher action identification level (Study 1) and greater category inclusiveness (Study 2). Putting on formal clothing induced greater category inclusiveness (Study 3) and enhanced a global processing advantage (Study 4). The association between clothing formality and abstract processing was mediated by felt power (Study 5). The findings demonstrate that the nature of an everyday and ecologically valid experience, the clothing worn, influences cognition broadly, impacting the processing style that changes how objects, people, and events are construed.
On the temperature dependence of the velocity of surface waves in quartz (1980)

The first temperature derivatives of the fundamental elastic constants of quartz are employed along with the thermally induced biasing strains in the equation for the first perturbation of the eigenvalue for the linear electroelastic equations for small fields superposed on a bias to calculate the resulting change in surface-wave velocity with temperature. Since the description employed is referred to a fixed reference state, the geometry does not change and the temperature coefficient of velocity is the negative of the temperature coefficient of delay. In all earlier work, a variable temperature-dependent geometric state was considered, but the attendant shearing or skewing of the coordinate axes was not properly included. The temperature dependence of the velocity of surface waves propagating in various directions on various cuts of quartz is obtained. For cases in which measurements are available, the calculations are shown to be in substantially better agreement with the measurements than previous calculations.