gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles - Spectrogram Analysis of Genome Small Patterns Using Pseudo Smoothed Wigner-Ville Distribution (2005)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>"Spectrogram Analysis of Genome Small Patterns Using Pseudo Smoothed Wigner-Ville Distribution"<br>by Yu Renjun and Tan Eng Chong<br>in the Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Information, Communications & Signal Processing, December 2005<br><br>After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.<br><br> This paper was found to be a near verbatim copy of the paper cited below. The original text was copied without attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission.<br><br>Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following article:<br><br>"Spectrogram Analysis of Genomes"<br> by David Sussillo, Anshul Kundaje, and Dimitris Anastassiou,<br> in EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, 2004:1, Hindawi Publishing pp. 29-42<br><br> <br/> We perform time-frequency analysis of the genomes from various organisms. Two technologies are used, the Pseudo Smoothed Wigner-Ville Distribution (SPWVD) and the Tricolor Spectrogram Visualization (TSV). The SPWVD calculates the DNA spectrograms in both time and frequency domains, and the TSV identify several types of distinct visual patterns characterizing specific DNA regions. We focus on the small patterns in relatively `short' DNA segments, and relate these spectrogram patterns to the sequence characteristics of the DNA. Some patterns are explained from the biological nature of the corresponding regions, which relate to chromosome structure and protein coding, and some patterns have yet unknown biological significance.
Organic polymer monoliths as stationary phases for capillary HPLC (2004)

Modern rigid porous polymer monoliths were conceived as a new class of stationary phases in classical columns in the early 1990s and later extended to the capillary format. These monolithic materials are typically prepared using a simple molding process carried out within the confines of the capillary. Polymerization of a mixture comprising monomers, initiator, and porogenic solvent affords macroporous materials with large through-pores that enable applications in a rapid flow-through mode. Since all the mobile phase must flow through the monolith, convection considerably accelerates mass transport within the monolithic separation medium and improves the separations. As a result, monolithic columns perform well even at very high flow rates. Various mechanisms including thermally and UV initiated free radical polymerization as well as ring opening metathesis copolymerizations were demonstrated for the preparation of monolithic capillary columns. The versatility of these preparation techniques was demonstrated by their use with hydrophobic (styrene, divinylbenzene, butyl methacrylate, ethylene dimethacrylate), hydrophilic (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylamide, methylenebisacrylamide), ionizable (vinylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid), and tailor-made (norborn-2-ene, 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4,5,8-exo,endo-dimethanonaphthalene) monomers. Variation of polymerization conditions enables control of the porous properties of the monolith over a broad range and mediates the hydrodynamic properties of the monolithic columns. The applications of polymer-based monolithic capillary columns are demonstrated for numerous separations in the microHPLC mode.
Improved Precursor Chemistry for the Synthesis of III–V Quantum Dots (2012)

The synthesis of III-V quantum dots has been long known to be more challenging than the synthesis of other types of inorganic quantum dots. This is attributed to highly reactive group-V precursors. We synthesized molecules that are suitable for use as group-V precursors and characterized their reactivity using multiple complementary techniques. We show that the size distribution of indium arsenide quantum dots indeed improves with decreased precursor reactivity.
XML-based monitoring of services and dependencies (2002)

We present a novel approach for describing, querying and monitoring the dependencies among services in a distributed system. Until now, dependency information has to be acquired either through custom-built scripts or proprietary tools; the absence of a common description format makes the exchange of service dependency models across multiple platforms and their monitoring particularly difficult. We show how this problem can be addressed by a Web based architecture for retrieving and handling dependency information from various heterogeneous managed resources. Specifying dependencies in an XML based notation facilitates the sharing of information among the heterogeneous systems involved in the monitoring process.
Against Conformity: Raphael Samuel (1998)

ABSTRACT This paper is about the work of the historian and committed intellectual Raphael Samuel, a central figure of the British New Left. It considers his political and intellectual activities over a 30‐year period, and sets them in their changing context. It seeks to argue that in many respects Samuel's work provides means for rethinking educational history and contemporary educational politics.
Identification of novel lymphoid tissues in murine intestinal mucosa where clusters of c-kit+ IL-7R+ Thy1+ lympho-hemopoietic progenitors develop. (1996)

We have revealed that about one and a half thousand tiny clusters, filled with one thousand closely packed lymphocytes, can be found throughout the murine small and large intestinal mucosa. They are located in crypt lamina propria (cryptopatches; CP) and can be first detected at 14-17 d after birth. A large fraction of lymphocytes in CP expresses c-kit, IL-7R, Thy1 and a lymphocyte function-associated antigen, LFA-1, whereas most of them remain CD3-, TCR alpha beta-, TCR gamma delta-, sIgM-, and B220-. The population size of IL-2R alpha+, HSA+ and Pgp-1+ subsets is variable (20-50%) and the composition of CD8+, Ly-1+, and CD4+ subsets is smaller but also variable (3-20%). In the small intestine, CP do not contain cells undergoing apoptosis nor cells bearing RAG-1 molecules, but do contain dendritic stromal cells bearing CD11c/CD18 molecules. The frequency of DNA replicating cells in CP is higher than that in Peyer's patches (PP), is lower than that in the thymic cortex and is almost comparable with that in the thymic medulla. The numbers of CP remain the same in aged mice (> 114 wk) but double after estrogen treatment even though the thymi are attenuated sharply in both conditions. Thus, with respect to histogenesis, lymphocyte composition and tissue level of cellular behavior, neither PP, isolated lymphoid follicles, peripheral LNs, nor thymus are identical with CP. Finally, CP are virtually absent in lamina propria of IL-7R-deficient mice that display a profound reduction in thymic and peripheral lymphoid cellularity. By contrast, CP are present in germ-free mice and in athymic (nu/nu), SCID, TCR beta x delta-/-, RAG-2-/-, PP-deficient (aly/aly), stem cell factor (Sl/Sld) and c-kit (W/Wv) mutant mice. Taking all of these results together, CP are the first identification of gut-associated murine lymphoid tissues where the generation of IL-7-dependent lympho-hematopoietic progenitors for T and/or B cell descendants may start to take place at the age of commencement of weaning.
Asynchronous multicast push : AMP (1997)

We propose a new transport paradigm, called asynchronous multicast push (AMP) that leads to much more efficient use of network bandwidth, to higher throughput, and to reduced server load. AMP decouples request and delivery for frequently requested data and uses multicast delivery. We derive quantitatively by how much the server load and the network load is reduced by introducing an asynchronism between data request and data delivery.
Transient degenerate four-wave mixing in a saturable Nd:YAG amplifier: the effect of pump-beam propagation (1994)

A transient model of degenerate four-wave mixing in saturable amplifiers is developed for calculation of the phase-conjugate reflectivity in the weak-probe-beam limit. Our model takes into account the laser amplification of all the interacting beams together with the wave-mixing process between the two counterpropagating pump waves. Experimental investigations are made in a flash-lamp-pumped Nd:YAG amplifier with nanosecond pulses at 1.06 microm. A reflectivity of 22% is achieved when all the waves interfere within the laser medium.
Polysaccharide Production by Genus Pullularia (1964)

プルラリヤ属の1菌株がショ糖やマルトースを基質として著量のデキストラン様多糖類を生成することを見出した。すなわち上記の糖をそれぞれ10%含む100mlの培地から2～3gの粘性ある多糖類がえられ,このものはグルコースのみの重合体で,冷水可溶,50%エタノールで沈殿する。比旋光度は+197.5° で分子量は光散乱法で250,000であった。この菌は菌体外には多糖類合成酵素を分泌せず,菌体と糖のみを好気的にふりまぜることによっても多糖類を生成するが,この際,リン酸またはクエン酸緩衝液の必要を認めた。
Sensitivity-Limiting Factors of at-Wavelength Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography Mask Blank Inspection (2006)

Sensitivity-limiting factors of at-wavelength inspection for extreme UV lithography (EUVL) mask blanks have been analyzed. The sensitivity of the inspection tool is modeled on the basis of the inspection image of programmed multilayer defects and the characterized attributes of the tool components. The characterization includes point spread function (PSF) analysis of the imaging optics and the back-illuminated charge-coupled-device (BI-CCD) sensor as well as power spectral density (PSD) analysis of the mask blank surface. The statistical scaling of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in conjunction with the variables of optics, sensors, and mask blanks has predicted effective improvement paths of its sensitivity. Increasing the magnification of optics, reducing the total PSF, and improving the roughness of mask blanks will address the needs for its application in future generations. Signal intensity dependency on the geometrical attributes of defects is also studied by both experiment and electromagnetic simulation. It is revealed that the bottom height of defects and defect smoothing throughout the multilayer deposition significantly influence defect signal intensity. Comprehensive measures to accommodate a variety of defects and to mitigate associated risks are also discussed.
Dissociative Thermal Electron Attachment to Some Aliphatic Chloro, Bromo, Iodo Compounds (1969)

Thermal electron attachment to several aliphatic fluoro, chloro, and bromo derivatives have been investigated in the range 30°–220°C and activation energies of 0–12 kcal have been determined. The relationship between the energy of activation (E*) and change in internal energy (ΔE) for the dissociative electron attachment reaction is uniquely linear with approximately a unit slope. Both chloro and bromo compounds apparently satisfy the same relationship. This empirical relationship can be used to predict bond dissociation energies for aliphatic chloro, bromo, and iodo compounds from the energy of activation for thermal electron attachment. Bond dissociation energies for 1,3-dichloropropane, 1,2-dibromoethane, and 1,3-dibromopropane have been so determined as 75.6, 69.8, 70.9 kcal/mole, respectively. An expression for a two-dimensional representation of the potential-energy curve for the negative ion is proposed with which the linear relationship between E* and ΔE can be derived. The proposed potential-energy curve is empirical, but contains only a single adjustable parameter characteristic of each compound.
Techniques and applications of digital holographic microscopy for life cell imaging (2007)

In connection with microscopy, digital holography provides contact-less, marker-free, quantitative phase-contrast imaging. Particularly, the feature of (subsequent) numerical auto focus adjustment enables applications in the field of life cell analysis. Here, prospects for long term time-lapse investigations in toxicology and cancer research as well as for monitoring of fast dynamic processes like shape variations are opened up. The evaluation of the obtained quantitative phase contrast provides data for thickness monitoring as well as for the observation of cell swelling kinetics due to osmotic stimulation. Results from investigations on living cells demonstrate digital holographic microscopy application fields for quantitative life cell analytics.
Management Science in the Republic of China (Taiwan) (1986)

This paper provides a description of the historical development and current status of management science in Taiwan. Since 1960, management science has gradually gained full acceptance in the academic realm, but has faltered in achieving adequate recognition from the industries. It is realized that academic acceptance without the benefit of cross-fertilization from business applications makes the rooting of this applied discipline superficial. The current status of management science in universities, private and state-owned industries, professional societies and consulting firms is portrayed from the economic, cultural and social standpoint. Factors that weaken the effective spread and causes that stifle the growth of management science are discussed. The future prospect of management science in Taiwan is bright. With most of the impediments dissipating, cultural bondage loosening, computerization and automation spreading, the demand for management science will be revitalized.
Inhibition of duck hepatitis B virus replication by 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoroguanosine in vitro and in vivo (1996)

The antiviral activity of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoroguanosine (FdG) or its triphosphate was evaluated in the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) system in vitro and in vivo. In primary DHBV-infected hepatocytes FdG results in a dose-dependent inhibition of viral replication with a nearly complete inhibition at a concentration of 1 microM. Also in vivo, FdG treatment of DHBV-infected ducklings reduces DHBV DNA replication by more than 90%. These data demonstrate that FdG is a strong inhibitor of DHBV replication in vitro and in vivo.
Gold nanoparticles enhance the radiation therapy of a murine squamous cell carcinoma (2010)

The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that gold nanoparticle (AuNP, nanogold)-enhanced radiation therapy (nanogold radiation therapy, NRT) is efficacious when treating the radiation resistant and highly aggressive mouse head and neck squamous cell carcinoma model, SCCVII, and to identify parameters influencing the efficacy of NRT. Subcutaneous (sc) SCCVII leg tumors in mice were irradiated with x-rays at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) with and without prior intravenous (iv) administration of AuNPs. Variables studied included radiation dose, beam energy, temporal fractionation and hyperthermia. AuNP-mediated NRT was shown to be effective for the sc SCCVII model. AuNPs were more effective at 42 Gy than at 30 Gy (both at 68 keV median beam energy) compared to controls without gold. Similarly, at 157 keV median beam energy, 50.6 Gy NRT was more effective than 44 Gy NRT. At the same radiation dose ( approximately 42 Gy), 68 keV was more effective than 157 keV. Hyperthermia and radiation therapy (RT) were synergistic and AuNPs enhanced this synergy, thereby further reducing TCD50 s (tumor control dose 50%) and increasing long-term survivals. It is concluded that gold nanoparticles enhance the radiation therapy of a radioresistant mouse squamous cell carcinoma. The data show that radiation dose, energy and hyperthermia influence efficacy and better define the potential utility of gold nanoparticles for cancer x-ray therapy.
DFT Investigation of Alkoxide Formation from Olefins in H-ZSM-5 (2003)

We present a density functional theory (DFT) study of propene, 1-hexene, and 3-hexene protonation over representative H-ZSM-5 clusters to give covalent alkoxide intermediates. The influence of cluster size, olefin carbon number, olefin conformation, proton siting, aluminum siting, and bonding configuration (primary vs secondary) of the alkoxide intermediate was analyzed. We found the formation of a physisorbed π-complex involving the olefin double bond and the acidic proton to be relatively independent of olefin structure and site geometry. However, we show that the proton-transfer process for formation of the covalent alkoxide intermediate involves a carbenium-ion-like transition state, with an activation energy that is (1) dependent on the protonation site of the olefin and (2) relatively independent of the carbon number and double bond location of the olefin. Accessibility of the alkoxide oxygen site in the cavity was observed to play a significant role in the stability of the alkoxy species. We find that the overall energy of adsorption for alkoxides depends strongly on the crystallographic Al site and the specific host oxygen for the Brønsted proton. For larger alkenes we find a dependence on alkoxide conformations and report a 5 kcal/mol difference in energies of formation for different rotational orientations of 3-hexene alkoxide intermediates. Finally, we report a novel reaction path for propene chemisorption, whereby the primary alkoxide is bonded to the Brønsted host oxygen rather than a neighboring oxygen.
Development of a computer-aided fault tree synthesis methodology for quantitative risk analysis in the chemical process industry (2005)

There has been growing public concern regarding the threat to people and\nenvironment from industrial activities, thus more rigorous regulations. The investigation\nof almost all the major accidents shows that we could have avoided those tragedies with\neffective risk analysis and safety management programs. High-quality risk analysis is\nabsolutely necessary for sustainable development.\nAs a powerful and systematic tool, fault tree analysis (FTA) has been adapted to\nthe particular need of chemical process quantitative risk analysis (CPQRA) and found\ngreat applications. However, the application of FTA in the chemical process industry\n(CPI) is limited. One major barrier is the manual synthesis of fault trees. It requires a\nthorough understanding of the process and is vulnerable to individual subjectivity. The\nquality of FTA can be highly subjective and variable.\nThe availability of a computer-based FTA methodology will greatly benefit the\nCPI. The primary objective of this research is to develop a computer-aided fault tree\nsynthesis methodology for CPQRA. The central idea is to capture the cause-and-effect\nlogic around each item of equipment directly into mini fault trees. Special fault tree\nmodels have been developed to manage special features. Fault trees created by this\nmethod are expected to be concise. A prototype computer program is provided to\nillustrate the methodology. Ideally, FTA can be standardized through a computer\npackage that reads information contained in process block diagrams and provides\nautomatic aids to assist engineers in generating and analyzing fault trees.\nAnother important issue with regard to QRA is the large uncertainty associated\nwith available failure rate data. In the CPI, the ranges of failure rates observed could be\nquite wide. Traditional reliability studies using point values of failure rates may result in\nmisleading conclusions. This dissertation discusses the uncertainty with failure rate data\nand proposes a procedure to deal with data uncertainty in determining safety integrity\nlevel (SIL) for a safety instrumented system (SIS). Efforts must be carried out to obtain\nmore accurate values of those data that might actually impact the estimation of SIL. This\nprocedure guides process hazard analysts toward a more accurate SIL estimation and\navoids misleading results due to data uncertainty.
Eradication of early Pseudomonas infection in cystic fibrosis (2009)

Chronic infection with the environmental bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with greater morbidity and mortality for people with cystic fibrosis. Strict infection control measures including segregation appear to reduce but not eliminate the risk of initial acquisition of the organism. There is now good evidence from randomized controlled trials that early eradication regimens consisting of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics are effective in clearing P. aeruginosa and delaying the development of chronic infection in the majority of subjects. These regimens are safe and cost-effective. Ensuring that such regimens are widely adopted is therefore of considerable importance to improving outcomes for people with cystic fibrosis. The most effective antibiotic regimen, and the effects of new nebulizer technologies and methods to improve concordance remain to be determined.
A method of controlling presentation for applications in hybridcast (2012)

We developed a method of controlling presentation for applications in Hybridcast that follows presentation policy determined by broadcasters. This paper describes the transmission scheme for presentation policy, which is primary information for the method, and its prototype implementation.
Sensitized near-infrared luminescence from polydentate triphenylene-functionalized Nd3+, Yb3+, and Er3+ complexes (1999)

Hexa-deutero dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO-d6) solutions of terphenyl-based Nd3+, Yb3+, and Er3+ complexes functionalized with a triphenylene antenna chromophore exhibit room temperature near-infrared luminescence at wavelengths of interest for the optical telecommunication network (∼1330 and ∼1550 nm). The sensitizing process takes place through the triplet state of triphenylene as can be concluded from the oxygen dependence of the sensitized luminescence. A significant fraction of the excited triphenylene triplet state is quenched by oxygen, instead of contributing to the population of the luminescent state of the lanthanide ion. The luminescence lifetimes of the triphenylene-functionalized lanthanide complexes ((2)Ln) are in the range of microseconds with a lifetime of 18.6 μs for (2)Yb, 3.4 μs for (2)Er, and 2.5 μs for (2)Nd in DMSO-d6. These luminescence lifetimes seem almost completely dominated by the vibrational quenching by the organic groups in the polydentate ligand and solvent molecules, which leads to low overall luminescence quantum yields.
Silicon Etch with integrated metrology for through silicon via (TSV) reveal (2013)

Wet etch is a cost-effective process option to reveal through-silicon vias (TSVs). This paper addresses the methodology for using integrated wafer thickness measurements to provide complete process control.
A scanning tunneling microscope control system with potentiometric capability (1999)

This paper describes the design of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) control system and the addition of a high current, high frequency scanning tunneling potentiometry (STP) stage. This combination of STM and STP allows for the extraction of topographic and also potentiometric information in two dimensions on a sub-micron scale.
Mixture modeling of gait patterns from sensor data (2012)

Sensor data can be used for monitoring, modeling, and recognition of human activities during daily life or in special situations. In assistive environments, modeling of characteristic walking styles have been studied as well as preventing the falls of the elderly. In this paper, we pre-process and analyze a time series collection of sensor recordings which is publicly available. More specifically, we transform the raw pressure sensor data in the insoles of the shoes to yield binary pressure patterns to indicate contact between the shoe and the ground. We model the marginal probability distributions of the resulting 0-1 data with mixture models of multivariate Bernoulli distributions. We interpret the identified mixture model in terms of gait phases.