gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Existence of Large Room Temperature Ferroelectricity in Chemical Solution Grown PbTiO3 Buffered (BiFeO3)1-x-(PbTiO3)x Films on Pt/Si Substrates (2008)

Here, we report the existence of large remnant polarization and dielectric constant in PbTiO3 buffered polycrystalline (BiFeO_3)_{1-x} (PbTiO_3)_x thin films of composition x = 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 around the morphotropic phase boundary. The films were deposited by chemical solution deposition on platinized silicon substrates. Films reveal a perovskite structure with a tendency to retain rhombohedral structure even at higher PbTiO_3 content than that reported in bulk. We observe very large remnant polarization, ~75 microC/cm^2, and high dielectric constant, ~2400 at 1 kHz for x = 0.3, which lies in the MPB composition range. The unbuffered films show less than 1 microC/cm^2 for the same composition.
Overview of FFT-based homogenization techniques from the Galerkin point of view (2015)

International audience
An 11-year follow-up of the effects of early bone grafting in infants born with complete clefts of the lip and palate (1985)

This is a report at the age of 11 years of a clinical study of the effects of early bone grafting in infants born with complete clefts of the lip and palate. Matched pairs of similar cleft type were treated according to the same treatment protocol with the exception that only one of each pair received an autogenous rib bone graft at the age of 15 months. The overall impression left by this study is that early bone grafting is not beneficial to the patient.
The Next Generation “Voltec” Extended Range EV Propulsion System (2015)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The Chevrolet Volt is an electric vehicle (EV) with extended-range (ER) that is capable of operation on battery power alone, and on power generated by an on-board gasoline engine after depletion of the battery charge. For 2016, GM has developed the next generation of the Volt vehicle and “Voltec” propulsion system.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Building on the experience of the first generation Volt, the second generation targeted improved all-electric range, improved charge sustaining fuel economy, and improved performance. All of this was to be accomplished while maintaining the EV character of the first generation Volt which customers clearly valued.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the next generation “Voltec” system and the realized improvements in efficiency and performance. The features of the propulsion system components, including energy storage, transaxle, electric motors and power electronics, on-board charging, and engine are described and compared with the previous generation. Next, the transaxle powerflow is discussed and operation under typical driving conditions is explained. Finally, system efficiency and performance data, based on component tests, is presented and compared with the previous generation.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This system includes a battery pack with greater energy density, a new transaxle with integrated power electronics and motors, and an engine with optimized displacement, direct injection, and other advanced features.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result of these improvements, the second generation Volt vehicle is projected to achieve a 30% increase in EV range, an 11% improvement in charge sustaining label fuel economy, and improved vehicle performance both as an electric vehicle, and in extended range mode.</div></div>
A tracking algorithm for both highly maneuvering and nonmaneuvering targets (2002)

Presents a modified version of the adaptive interacting multiple model (AIMM) algorithm, to enable tracking of both highly maneuvering and nonmaneuvering targets. The improvements include the addition of an adaptive sampling policy and a different gain calculation for the bias filter. The efficiency of the algorithm has been tested on the benchmark problem of the beam pointing control of a phased array radar. Comparisons with the algorithm utilizing fixed sampling rates are also given. The solutions obtained for the benchmark problem, which has many practical implementation aspects, compare very favourably with previous results.
Investigation of the ratio between phase and group birefringence in optical single-mode fibers (2003)

A measurement technique for the phase and group birefringence of an optical fiber is thoroughly investigated. It is based on differential group delay measurements of twisted fibers and is capable of giving in a simple and elegant way the intrinsic birefringence values in the absence of twist. Analyzing various fibers with this method, we find that phase and group birefringence can be quite different for certain fiber types. Consequently, the commonly used assumption that in an optical fiber, phase and group birefringence are equal-and the resulting carelessness in distinguishing between these two a priori separate physical effects-is to be employed cautiously.
The Properties of Lecithin and Lecithin-Liposome Containing Emulsions, Emulsified with Crosslinked Acrylic Acid-Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer. (1993)

Lecithin is a safe and effective ingredient for skin care cosmetics but can not solely stabilize emulsions. Liposomal suspensions attractive for skin treatment, have limited physical stability when formulated into cosmetic products. Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer (Acrylate Crosspolymer) at very low concentrations are highly effective at stabilizing lecithin emulsified Mineral oil of Glyceryl trioctanoate O/W emulsions. The Acrylate Crosspolymer was most effective at stabilizing liposomal suspensions compared to other water soluble polymers.The oxidative and particle size stability of Vitamin A ester (Retinol Palmitate) in a O/W emulsion was greater for lecithin vs POE (5.5) Cetylether when stabilized with Acrylate Cross-polymer.The improvement in waterproof character/wearing time of Octyl Dimethyl PABA was higher in lecithin vs POE (5.5) Cetylether sunscreen formulation when stabilized with Acrylate Cross-polymer.Formulations of various skin care cosmetics were also developed to study the effects of Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer on Lecithin and Liposomal emulsions.
Understanding Requirements: Aspect Oriented Software Development (2006)

This paper discusses the requirements for aspect oriented design language in general and derives the specific requirements for the AOSDDL (Aspect Oriented Software Development Design Language) design language architecture that is proposed within this work. It has become apparent that design language research deals largely with trade-offs. For example, many of the aspect oriented design systems trade-off implementation dependency for wide tool support or limited support with general purpose flexibility. Research into aspect oriented design languages so far has shown that no single solution will meet all possible requirements of aspect oriented software development, and thus, multiple systems for domains with different demands must be able to co-exist and interoperate. The challenge in designing aspect oriented solutions therefore is to draw the optimal line between trade-offs depending on the requirements at hand. For this, it is crucial to understand fully the requirements of a given domain
X‐ray and primary structure of horse serum albumin (<i>Equus caballus</i>) at 0.27‐nm resolution (1993)

The amino-acid sequence and three-dimensional structure of equine serum albumin have been determined. The amino-acid sequence was deduced from cDNA isolated from equine liver. Comparisons of the primary structure of equine serum albumin with human serum albumin and bovine serum albumin reveal 76.1% and 73.9% sequence identity, respectively. The three-dimensional structure was determined crystallographically by the molecular-replacement method using molecular coordinates from the previously determined structure of human serum albumin, to a resolution of 0.27 nm. In accordance with the primary structure, the three-dimensional structures are highly conserved. There is a root-mean-square difference between alpha-carbons of the two structures of 0.201 nm. The association constants (Ka) for the binding of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid were determined by ultrafiltration methods for equine and human serum albumins to be approximately 10(4) M-1 and 10(5) M-1, respectively. Crystallographic studies of equine serum albumin reveal two binding sites for 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid identical with those previously reported for human serum albumin which are located within subdomains in IIA and IIIA. Details and comparisons of the binding chemistry are discussed.
A hierarchical naive Bayes mixture model for name disambiguation in author citations (2005)

Because of name variations, an author may have multiple names and multiple authors may share the same name. Such name ambiguity affects the performance of document retrieval, web search, database integration, and may cause improper attribution to authors. This paper presents a hierarchical naive Bayes mixture model, an unsupervised learning approach, for name disambiguation in author citations. This method partitions a collection of citations1 into clusters, with each cluster containing only citations authored by the same author, thus disambiguating authorship in citations to induce author name identities. Three types of citation features are used: co-author names, paper title words, and journal or proceeding title words. The approach is illustrated with 16 name datasets that are constructed based on the publication lists collected from author homepages and DBLP computer science bibliography.
Influence of Tetrapropylammonium and Ethylenediamine Structure-Directing Agents on the Framework Al Distribution in B–Al–MFI Zeolites (2019)

We report synthetic protocols to independently influence composition and crystallite sizes of MFI zeolites, properties that contribute to Thiele moduli, and the proximity of Al heteroatoms at fixed composition (Si/Al ∼ 50). Crystallite sizes decrease with the addition of non-catalytic B heteroatoms in B–Al–MFI zeolites. Using only tetra-n-propylammonium (TPA+) as a structure-directing agent (SDA) leads to occlusion of one TPA+ per channel intersection and a finite percentage of framework Al atoms (20–40%) in proximal configurations. In contrast, using mixtures of ethylenediamine (EDA) and TPA+ (EDA/TPA+ = 15) leads to incorporation of EDA that displaces some TPA+ and to nearly all (>95%) Al in isolated configurations. These findings indicate how adding B and EDA to zeolite synthesis solutions provides a route to crystallizing MFI zeolites of similar composition but with framework Al distributed at varying relative proximity, or with similar Al distributions but different diffusion path lengths.
Development of novel nucleic acid-loaded Bubble liposomes using cholesterol-conjugated siRNA (2011)

Recently, we developed polyethyleneglycol (PEG)-modified liposomes (Bubble liposomes; BLs) entrapping ultrasound (US) gas and reported that the combination of BLs and US exposure was an effective tool for the delivery of siRNA directly into cells and US-exposed tissues within a short period; however, the results were obtained using a mixture of BLs and naked siRNA. With systemic injections, it is important to control the biodistribution of both BLs and siRNA. In addition, the delivery of siRNA is affected by nuclease degradation and rapid removal from the circulation after intravenous administration. In this study, we attempted to prepare novel siRNA-loaded BLs (chol-si-BLs) using cholesterol-conjugated siRNA (chol-siRNA). We demonstrated that chol-siRNA could be loaded into BLs, leading to the stability of siRNA even in the presence of an RNase. The specific gene-silencing effect was also achieved by transfection with chol-si-BLs and US. Thus, the combination of chol-si-BLs with US exposure is expected to deliver siRNA into a specific tissue via systemic injection.
Treatment of high-grade glioma patients with the humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody h-R3: Report from a phase I/II trial (2006)

The poor prognosis of patients with high-grade glioma has led to the search for new therapeutic strategies. More than half of these tumors overexpress Epidermal Growth factor Receptor (EGFR). h-R3 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that recognize the EGFR external domain with high affinity, inhibiting tyrosine kinase activation. In order to evaluate safety, immunogenicity and preliminary efficacy of h-R3 in newly diagnosed high-grade glioma patients, we conducted a Phase I/II trial. Patients received six weekly infusions of h-R3 at the dose of 200 mg in combination with external beam radiotherapy. Twenty-nine patients (mean age, 45 years and median KPS 80) were entered into the study. Tumor types were: glioblastoma (GB) (16 patients), anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) (12 patients) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) (1 patient). All patients underwent debulking surgery or biopsy before entering the trial. The antibody was very well tolerated. No evidences of grade 3/4 adverse events were detected. None of the patients developed acneiform rash or allergic reactions. One patient developed a positive anti-idiotypic response. Objective response-rate was 37.9% (17.2% complete response, 20.7% partial response) while stable disease occurred in 41.4% of the patients. With a median follow up time of 29 months, the median survival is 22.17 months for all subjects. Median survival time (MST) is 17.47 months for GB, whereas MST is not reached for AA patients.
Conformation and model membrane interactions of diphtheria toxin fragment A. (1988)

Low pH is believed to play a critical role in the penetration of membranes by diphtheria toxin in vivo. In this report, the pH dependence of the conformation of fragment A of diphtheria toxin has been studied using fluorescence techniques. As pH is decreased, fragment A in solution undergoes a reversible conformational change beginning below pH 5. The conformational change occurs rapidly upon exposure to low pH. It involves both an increase in the exposure of tryptophanyl residues to solution and a switch from a hydrophilic state to a hydrophobic state as judged by fragment A binding to micelles of a mild detergent (Brij 96). At low pH fragment A also rapidly and tightly binds to and penetrates model membranes. Binding is reversed when pH is neutralized. The transition pH, the apparent midpoint of the change between the hydrophilic state and the membrane-penetrating hydrophobic state, occurs at about pH 3.5 in the presence of Brij 96 micelles, pH 4 in the presence of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) composed of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine, and pH 5 in the presence of SUV composed of 25 mol % anionic phosphatidylglycerol and 75% phosphatidylcholine. The effects of high temperature provide an important clue as to the nature of the changes at low pH. At neutral pH and high temperature, i.e. in the thermally denatured state, a conformational change similar to that observed at low pH occurs, although fragment A does not become hydrophobic. In addition, the effects of low pH and high temperature on the stability of the native state are cumulative. This indicates that the changes in fragment A both at high temperature and at low pH involve denaturation, although there appears to be only partial unfolding under these conditions. Based on the results of this study, the role of fragment A in diphtheria toxin membrane penetration and translocation is evaluated.
The global, regional, and national burden of atopic dermatitis in 195 countries and territories: An ecological study from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (2020)

There is a large GBD caused by AD. The observed burden is the greatest in resource-rich countries, females, and young children.
Fully dense and crack free molybdenum manufactured by Selective Laser Melting through alloying with carbon (2019)

Pure molybdenum processed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) shows a coarse–grained, columnar microstructure interspersed with cracks. The aim of this study was to process molybdenum by SLM with mechanical properties of powder metallurgically produced material by employing a novel alloying concept for molybdenum powder. Alloying of molybdenum with 0.45 wt% carbon leads to constitutional supercooling, thereby changing the solidification mode from planar to cellular. A refined microstructure with interlocking grains could be achieved. Cracking was entirely suppressed, and porosity was reduced to almost zero. A cellular microstructure with a misorientation angle between the individual cells <0.5° was found. The alpha–Mo phase is surrounded by a closed network of Mo2C. The oxygen content was lowered during SLM processing due to outgassing of CO. The typically intergranular fracture mode of pure SLM molybdenum was changed to transgranular for Mo – 0.45 wt% C. Comparing Mo – 0.45 wt% C to pure molybdenum, the relative density, hardness and bending strength were increased by 1.9%, 65% and 340%, respectively.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Increases the Adhesion of MDA-MB-231 Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cells to the Microvascular Subendothelium (1999)

The increase of tumor cell adhesion to the subendothelium in the presence of TGF-beta 1 is thought to be mediated by two major events: an enrichment of extracellular matrix proteins secreted by endothelial cells and an increase of the integrins on the surface of tumor cells. In this study, we analyzed the effect of TGF-beta 1 on the adhesion of a mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231) to the matrix of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). The adhesion of TGF-beta 1-treated tumor cells to a non-treated matrix or to purified matrix proteins was enhanced, while no increase was observed when non-treated tumor cells were let to adhere to a matrix secreted by HMEC-1 in the presence of the cytokine. Thus, the increase of cell adhesion was due to the effect of TGF-beta 1 on tumor cells and not to the matrix enrichment induced by this cytokine. The hyper-adhesion was inhibited by the RGD peptide and EDTA indicating that integrins were involved. Integrin subunits concentrations (alpha 5, alpha v and beta 1) on the surface of TGF-beta 1-treated tumor cells were not modified, while confocal microscopy showed a reorganization of beta 1 integrin subunits on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm resulting in actin fibers reorganization in the cytoskeleton. This indicates that the enhanced adhesion of TGF-beta 1-treated MDA-MB-231 cells to the subendothelium is due to a qualitative change of integrins.
Efficient mutual authentication protocol for radiofrequency identification systems (2012)

The radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is expected to play a vital role in identifying objects and serving to prevent counterfeiting and fraud. The use of RFID tags may cause privacy violation of users carrying an RFID tag. Owing to the unique identification number of the RFID tag, the possible privacy threats are information leakage of a tag, traceability of the consumer, denial of service attack and impersonation of a tag. Owing to the large number of tags in any application individual secret value for each tag requires a large number of complex hash computations in the database side. To reduce the computation overhead many protocols use a group secret value for tags in the database side. This study proposes a new authentication protocol which provides privacy and security in a more efficient manner using individual secret values for each tag and also avoids many complex hash operations in the database side. The evaluation indicates that the proposed protocol requires a low storage, computation and communication cost but offers larger ranges of privacy and security protection.
Gelchromatographie. 7. Mitt.: Die auflösung bei der trennung von oligomeren (1969)

Abstract Die optimalen Bedingungen und die Anwendungsgrenzen der Gelchromatographie zur Trennung von Gemischen in Einzelkomponenten werden diskutiert. Die Wahl eines Gels mit geeigneter Porengrößenverteilung hat einen entscheidenden Einfluß auf die erzielbare Trennung. Niedermolekulare Polystyrole, Polybutylmethacrylate, Polyäthylenoxide, Polyexpoxide und verschiedene Tenside werden getrennt. Eine polymerhomologe Reihe läßt sich etwa bis zum Polymerisationsgrad 15 in einzelne Glieder trennen; bis zum Polymerisationsgrad 30 sind in den Schreiberkurven nicht vollständig aufgelöste Peaks zu erkennen.
Arginine Vasopressin and Nocturnal Polyuria in Older Adults With Frequent Nighttime Voiding (2003)

We found no association between NP and AVP abnormalities in this sample of older adults. Study participants had low maximal urine osmolality in response to fluid deprivation and exogenous vasopressin administration irrespective of whether they were identified as having NP.
Influence of Paralleling Dies and Paralleling Half-Bridges on Transient Current Distribution in Multichip Power Modules (2018)

This letter addresses the transient current distribution in the multichip half-bridge power modules, where two types of paralleling connections with different current commutation mechanisms are considered: paralleling dies and paralleling half-bridges. It reveals that with paralleling dies, both the high-side and low-side paralleled devices experience a similar transient current imbalance due to the mismatched stray inductance. However, with paralleling half-bridges and with the same mismatched stray inductances, the high-side paralleled devices have much smaller transient current imbalance, the cause of which is found be to the current commutation process. Theoretical analysis based on the circuit modeling and current commutation process elaborates the findings, which are then confirmed by experimental results.
X-ray diffraction study of silver–nickel superlattices (1991)

Silver–nickel multilayers, with elementary layers comprising a few to a few ten atomic planes, have been prepared by cathodic sputtering on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction experiments show that highly textured, polycrystalline superlattices are formed. For a deposition temperature of 100 K, there exists a critical number of atomic planes nc = 3, below which noncrystalline samples are obtained. This critical number can even be lowered in samples with nonequal numbers of Ag and Ni atomic planes. Transmission x-ray and electron diffraction experiments show that equivalent crystallographic directions are aligned in the Ag and Ni (111) planes, with a noticeable relaxation of the in-plane distances at the interfaces. The simulation of the periodic structure assuming a rectangular composition profile with interplanar distances slightly larger than the bulk values leads to a very good agreement with the experimental diffraction spectra.
Non-self-adjoint operator algebras and inverse systems of simplicial complexes. (1991)

Article Non-self-adjoint operator algebras and inverse systems of simplicial complexes. was published on January 1, 1991 in the journal Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (volume 1991, issue 421).