gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pressure and Temperature Effects on Stoichiometry and Microstructure of Nitrogen‐Rich TiN Thin Films Synthesized via Reactive Magnetron DC‐Sputtering (2008)

Nitrogen‐rich titanium nitride (TiN) thin films containing excess nitrogen up to 87.0 at.% were produced on (100) Si substrates via the reactive magnetron DC‐sputtering of a commercially available 99.995 at.% pure Ti target within an argon‐nitrogen (Ar‐N 2 ) atmosphere with a 20‐to‐1 gas ratio. The process pressure ( P P ) and substrate temperature ( T S ) at which deposition occurred were varied systematically between 0.26 Pa–1.60 Pa and between 15.0 ∘ C–600 ∘ C, respectively, and their effects on the chemical composition, surface morphology, and preferred orientation were characterized by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The EDS analysis confirms increasing nitrogen content with increasing P P and T S . The SEM images reveal a uniform and crystallized surface morphology as well as a closely packed cross‐sectional morphology for all crystalline films and a loosely packed cross‐sectional morphology for amorphous films. Films produced at lower P P and T S have a pyramidal surface morphology which transitions to a columnar and stratified structure as P P and T S increase. The XRD analysis confirms the existence of only the δ ‐TiN phase and the absence of other nitrides, oxides, and/or sillicides in all cases. It also indicates that at lower P P and T S , the preferred orientation relative to the substrate is along the (111) planes, and that it transitions to a random orientation along the (200), (220), and (311) planes as P P and T S increase and these results correlate with and qualify those observed by SEM.
What defines a legitimate issue for Skinnerian psychology: Philosophy or technology? (1994)

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ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel UDP‐Carbasugar as UDP‐Galactopyranose Mutase Inhibitor. (2014)

Abstract The synthesis of the novel UDP‐carbasugar (IV) involves the construction of the cyclohexene ring by a ring‐closing metathesis as the key step.
Prescriptions for Art Museums in the Decade Ahead (2007)

Abstract The landscape of art museums has been altered since the AAM's 1992 publication Excellence and Equity. Rather than following a path towards community service or an educational mandate, the field has been led astray by a corporate mindset. The author identifies the primary challenges facing art museums in rebalancing their mission, and suggests a series of remedies to the unrealistic economic model that threatens to exclude education as museums' primary mandate.
Study of serum fucose and serum sialic acid levels in oral squamous cell carcinomia. (1998)

Serum fucose and sialic acid levels were determined in 50 oral cancer patients and 25 healthy controls. A statistically significant increase was noted in the study group. The increase in serum fucose level correlated well with the clinical staging in the study group whereas sialic acid did not. These values were independent of age, sex and histopathological grading. The result suggest that the serum fucose level is a better biochemical tumor marker than sialic acid level. However its usefulness may be limited if used judiciously to assess the prognosis of the disease.
Purification and characterization of D-sorbitol dehydrogenase from membrane of Gluconobacter suboxydans var. .ALPHA.. (1982)

D-Sorbitol dehydrogenase was solubilized from the membrane fraction of Gluconobacter suboxydans var. α IFO 3254 by a procedure involving solubilization of the enzyme with Triton X-100 in the presence of KCl and D-sorbitol. Purification of the enzyme was performed by fractionation with polyethylene glycol 6000, and column chromatographies on DEAE- and CM-cellulose in the presence of Triton X-100. The enzyme was purified about 240-fold from the membrane fraction of the organism. The purified enzyme was tightly bound to a c-type cytochrome existing as a dehydrogenase-cytochrome complex. The dehydrogenase was found to be a flavoprotein, and its flavin moiety was covalently bound to the dehydrogenase protein. The optimum pH of the enzyme activity was 4.5, and the optimum temperature was 25°C. D-Sorbitol was specifically oxidized by the purified enzyme, and D-mannitol was also oxidized to 5% of the reaction rate with D-sorbitol.
Protective effect of orally administered carnosine on bleomycin-induced lung injury (2007)

Carnosine is an endogenously synthesized dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and L-histidine. It acts as a free radical scavenger and possesses antioxidant properties. Carnosine reduces proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), IL-1, and TNF-alpha in different experimental settings. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of carnosine on the animal model of bleomycin-induced lung injury. Mice were subjected to intratracheal administration of bleomycin and were assigned to receive carnosine daily by an oral bolus of 150 mg/kg. One week after fibrosis induction, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell counts and TGF-beta levels, lung histology, and immunohistochemical analyses for myeloperoxidase, TGF-beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase were performed. Finally, apoptosis was quantified by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated UTP end-labeling assay. After bleomycin administration, carnosine-treated mice exhibited a reduced degree of lung damage and inflammation compared with wild-type mice, as shown by the reduction of 1) body weight, 2) mortality rate, 3) lung infiltration by neutrophils (myeloperoxidase activity and BAL total and differential cell counts), 4) lung edema, 5) histological evidence of lung injury and collagen deposition, 6) lung myeloperoxidase, TGF-beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase immunostaining, 7) BAL TGF-beta levels, and 8) apoptosis. Our results indicate that orally administered carnosine is able to prevent bleomycin-induced lung injury likely through its direct antioxidant properties. Carnosine is already available for human use. It might prove useful as an add-on therapy for the treatment of fibrotic disorders of the lung where oxidative stress plays a role, such as for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a disease that still represents a major challenge to medical treatment.
Understanding Abuse: A Typology of Abusive Language Detection Subtasks (2017)

As the body of research on abusive language detection and analysis grows, there is a need for critical consideration of the relationships between different subtasks that have been grouped under this label. Based on work on hate speech, cyberbullying, and online abuse we propose a typology that captures central similarities and differences between subtasks and we discuss its implications for data annotation and feature construction. We emphasize the practical actions that can be taken by researchers to best approach their abusive language detection subtask of interest.
Segmentation and Sampling of Moving Object Trajectories Based on Representativeness (2011)

Moving Object Databases (MOD), although ubiquitous, still call for methods that will be able to understand, search, analyze, and browse their spatiotemporal content. In this paper, we propose a method for trajectory segmentation and sampling based on the representativeness of the (sub)trajectories in the MOD. In order to find the most representative subtrajectories, the following methodology is proposed. First, a novel global voting algorithm is performed, based on local density and trajectory similarity information. This method is applied for each segment of the trajectory, forming a local trajectory descriptor that represents line segment representativeness. The sequence of this descriptor over a trajectory gives the voting signal of the trajectory, where high values correspond to the most representative parts. Then, a novel segmentation algorithm is applied on this signal that automatically estimates the number of partitions and the partition borders, identifying homogenous partitions concerning their representativeness. Finally, a sampling method over the resulting segments yields the most representative subtrajectories in the MOD. Our experimental results in synthetic and real MOD verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, also in comparison with other sampling techniques.
Compact Wideband Rectangular Monopole Antenna for Wireless Applications (2012)

This article presents a compact wideband microstrip-fed planar monopole antenna composed of a rectangular patch and slotted ground structure. By placing pair of symmetrical square stubs, making slots in the stubs, putting stubs on the sides of the radiating patch, gives wide-band characteristics. The antenna only one of its kinds in structure, small in size and simple design due to less number of design parameters, compared with the existing UWB antennas in the literature. The bandwidth, radiation pattern and other antenna parameters are at acceptable level. IE3D method of moments based simulation software is used for design and analysis. The simulated results are confirmed by conducting experiments with the help of Rohde and Schwarz, German make ZVK model No.8651 Vector Network Analyzer and discussed.
PSPICE-Compatible Equivalent Circuit of Thermoelectric Cooler (2006)

The objective of this work was to develop a PSPICE-compatible equivalent circuit of a thermoelectric cooler (TEC). Equivalent circuits are convenient tools for power electronics engineers since they help in presenting a problem in electronic circuit terms and can assist in the design of power stages and the control circuitry and algorithms. A methodology is developed for extracting the parameters of the proposed model from manufacturers' data of TECs. The present model is compatible with PSPICE or other electronic circuit simulators. An important feature of the model is its ability to generate small-signal transfer functions that can be used to design feedback networks for temperature control applications. Several examples of successful utilization of the model are presented. Data of many different manufacturers were examined and the model parameters were extracted. In all cases, the model was found to reproduce accurately the performance of commercial TECs. The accuracy of the model was also verified by experiments
Synthese und Reaktionen vinyloger Amidacetale und Amidine (1965)

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Controlled-release morphine (MST contin) in advanced cancer. The European experience (1989)

The published data relating to the clinical evaluation and use in Europe of oral controlled-release morphine tablets (MST Continus, [MST] Napp Laboratories, United Kingdom) in the treatment of chronic cancer pain are reviewed. There are three evaluable published reports of double-blind randomized controlled studies and a number of prospective open studies and retrospective reviews. There are also several published pharmacokinetic studies and substantial accumulated clinical experience with MST since its introduction in the United Kingdom in 1981. A critical review of the evidence indicates that MST is effective in patients with opioid-responsive pain; that for almost all patients twice-daily administration is sufficient; that the potency ratio compared with standard (immediate-release) oral morphine formulations is one to one; and that the side effect profile is similar. An immediate-release morphine preparation is preferable during the dose titration period when frequent dose adjustment may be required. However, once patients have been stabilized MST is much more convenient and simpler to use than conventional morphine elixirs or tablets and is the preferred formulation for maintenance treatment.
Millimeter-Wave Dielectric Properties of Cordierite/Indialite Glass Ceramics (2011)

Millimeter-wave wireless communications with high data transfer and radar system for Pre-Crash Safety System have been developed recently. Cordierite (Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 18 ) is one of the silicates with good millimeter-wave dielectric properties. Cordierite has two polymorphs: cordierite and indialite. Cordierite is of low symmetry form with ordered structure, and indialite is of high symmetry form with disordered structure. In this study, indialite/cordierite glass ceramics are fabricated with good millimeter-wave properties. The Qf values are dependent on the amount of indialite phase and crystallization conditions. Indialite with high symmetry showed higher Qf values than cordierite with low symmetry. This result clearly shows that high symmetry results in high Qf when the samples are prepared under the same crystallization conditions. However, these glass ceramics are very difficult to make under the same conditions because of non-uniform crystallization. These dielectric glass ceramics show high Qf values of >200,000 GHz, low dielectric constant ε r = 4.7, and TCf = -27 ppm/°C.
Detection of single charges and their generation-recombination dynamics in Si nanowires at room temperature (2002)

Detection of single electrons and single holes is demonstrated at room temperature in Si nanowire transistors using an electron-hole (e–h) system. Photogenerated carriers are stored in a quantum dot electrically formed in a Si wire by a front gate. The stored charges affect the current of the other type of carriers that flow along the bottom of the Si wire. The linear photoresponce of single-charge generation is observed. It is revealed that the recombination occurs by a bimolecular process, suggesting that it is due to the e–h interband transition. These results open up the possibility of developing single-photon devices with this system.
Eleven-Mev Thick Target Bremsstrahlung (1953)

The intensity distribution of the photons in the forward direction from the 60-mil tungsten wire target of the U. S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory 11-Mev betatron was determined in an energy range of 0.3 to 12 Mev from measurements made with a magnetic Compton spectrometer. The experimental results showed good agreement with the Bethe-Heitler bremsstrahlung theory after corrections were made for target thickness effects and the absorption produced by materials in the path of the photon beam.The photon energy flux density for the measured spectrum was converted to an equivalent roentgen rate value, which agreed within 10 percent with the value obtained from measurements made with a Victoreen thimble chamber.
Landmark Timber Creek native title compensation case (2017)

On 20 July 2017, the Full Federal Court handed down its decision in the appeals from the landmark Timber Creek compensation case - Northern Territory v Griffiths [2017] FCAFC 106. The Full Court upheld the $1.3 million award for hurt feelings and loss of spiritual attachment but held that the trial judge had overvalued the economic aspects of the native title.
Nucleotide sequence of the thioredoxin gene from <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1984)

The nucleotide sequence of the thioredoxin gene from Escherichia coli was determined. The structural gene was identified on a cloned 3-kb PvuII fragment by hybridization with a synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide corresponding to a part of the amino acid sequence of thioredoxin. Restriction-enzyme fragments were used as templates in the dideoxy sequence method, directly and after subcloning into M13mp8. A segment of 450 nucleotides was determined using both strands, alternatively, without extensive overlaps. The sequence contains the thioredoxin coding region, a potential ribosome-binding site, and a putative promotor region. The predicted amino acid sequence differs by two inversions from the previously given thioredoxin sequence. The revised sequence is presented and the results further show that thioredoxins from E. coli B and K12 are identical.
Reference Values for Diagnostic Radiology: Application and Impact (2005)

Reference values (RVs) are recommended by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine for four radiographic projections, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, and dental radiography. RVs are used to compare radiation doses from individual pieces of radiographic equipment with doses from similar equipment assessed in national surveys. RVs recommended by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine have been developed from the Nationwide Evaluation of X-ray Trends survey performed by the state radiation protection agencies with the cooperation and support of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors, and the American College of Radiology. The RVs selected by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine represent, approximately, the 80th percentile of the survey distributions. Consequently, equipment exceeding the RVs is using higher radiation doses than is 80% of the equipment in the surveys. Radiation doses for specific projections, with standard phantoms, should be measured annually, as recommended by the American College of Radiology. When the RVs are exceeded, the medical physicist should investigate the cause and determine, in cooperation with the responsible radiologist, whether these doses are justified or the imaging system should be optimized to reduce patient radiation doses. RVs are a useful tool for comparing patient radiation doses at institutions throughout the United States and for providing information about radiographic equipment performance.
Nucleus Reuniens Thalami Modulates Activity in Hippocampal Field CA1 through Excitatory and Inhibitory Mechanisms (1997)

The nucleus reuniens thalami (RE) originates dense projections to CA1, forming asymmetrical synapses on spines (50%) and dendrites (50%). The hypothesis that RE input modulates transmission in CA1 through excitation of both pyramidal cells and interneurons was tested using electrophysiological methods in the anesthetized rat. The RE-CA1 afferents were selectively stimulated at their origin; evoked field potentials and unit activity were recorded in CA1. RE-evoked depth profiles showed a prominent negative deflection in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare and a positive one in the stratum radiatum. The lacunosum-moleculare sink-radiatum source configuration is compatible with RE-elicited depolarization of apical dendrites of pyramidal cells. Despite a consistent and robust paired pulse facilitation of RE-evoked field potentials, population spikes in the stratum pyramidale were not detected at any tested condition. This indicates the inability of RE-CA1 input to discharge pyramidal cells. However, stimulation of RE-elicited spiking of extracellularly recorded units in strata oriens/alveus and distal radiatum, indicative of the activation of local interneurons. Thus, RE seems to modulate transmission in CA1 through a (subthreshold) depolarization of pyramidal cells and a suprathreshold excitation of putative inhibitory oriens/alveus and radiatum interneurons. RE-evoked monosynaptic or disynaptic field potentials were associated with stimulation of rostral or caudal RE, respectively. Anatomically, a projection from caudal to rostral RE was demonstrated that can account for the disynaptic RE-CA1 input. Because caudal RE receives input from the hippocampus via the subiculum, we propose the existence of a closed RE-hippocampal circuit that allows RE to modulate the activity in CA1, depending on hippocampal output.
A bootstrapping technique to improve the linearity of CMOS passive mixers (2004)

A bootstrapping technique for passive mixers has been implemented in a fully integrated 1V CMOS front-end. The idea is to improve the linearity of the mixer by making the switching instants independent of the IF output signal. The technique reduces the intermodulation distortion without degradation of the conversion gain or the noise figure. The measured IIP/sub 3/ of the front-end was increased by 5 dB resulting in an increased dynamic range, which is critical for low supply voltages.
SUBSTRATOS COMERCIAIS E COM ESTERCO DE CURRAL NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE COUVE-FLOR (1999)

Considerando a necessidade de substratos para a producao de mudas de hortalicas e a existencia de diversos substratos comerciais e indicacoes para a formulacao dos mesmos, foram estudados nove substratos horticolas para a producao de mudas de couve-flor em estufa plastica. Os tratamentos consistiram de dois substratos comerciais (Plantmax e Planta Forte), um recomendado pelo orgao oficial de assistencia tecnica (EMATER - RS) e seis formulados a partir de “solo podzolico amarelo” ou turfa “Petrolini” misturados com esterco de curral nas proporcoes de 1:3, 1:1 e 3:1. Avaliaram-se as caracteristicas fisicas, fisico-quimicas e quimicas dos tratamentos, bem como as respostas biologicas das mudas. As mudas de  couveflor sao sensiveis, principalmente, as variacoes fisicas extremas (agua disponivel e espaco de aeracao), fisico-quimicas (pH e capacidade de troca de cations) e quimicas (teor total de sais soluveis e teor de materia orgânica). Os melhores resultados foram para as mudas de couve-flor com os substratos Turfa + Esterco nas proporcoes de: 25:75 e 50:50 e Solo + Esterco nas proporcoes de: 50:50; 25:75 e 75:25. Os substratos comerciais Plantmax e Planta Forte, bem como os formulados EMATER e Turfa + Esterco nas proporcoes de 75:25 foram os piores tratamentos.
Constructing two-writer atomic registers (1987)

Article Free Access Share on Constructing two-writer atomic registers Author: Bard Bloom M.I.T. Laboratory for Computer Science, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, Mass. M.I.T. Laboratory for Computer Science, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, Mass.View Profile Authors Info & Claims PODC '87: Proceedings of the sixth annual ACM Symposium on Principles of distributed computingDecember 1987 Pages 249–259https://doi.org/10.1145/41840.41861Published:01 December 1987Publication History 40citation228DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations40Total Downloads228Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF