gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relocalization, Global Optimization and Map Merging for Monocular Visual-Inertial SLAM (2018)

The monocular visual-inertial system (VINS), which consists one camera and one low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU), is a popular approach to achieve accurate 6-DOF state estimation. However, such locally accurate visual-inertial odometry is prone to drift and cannot provide absolute pose estimation. Leveraging history information to relocalize and correct drift has become a hot topic. In this paper, we propose a monocular visual-inertial SLAM system, which can relocalize camera and get the absolute pose in a previous-built map. Then 4-DOF pose graph optimization is performed to correct drifts and achieve global consistent. The 4-DOF contains x, y, z, and yaw angle, which is the actual drifted direction in the visual-inertial system. Furthermore, the proposed system can reuse a map by saving and loading it in an efficient way. Current map and previous map can be merged together by the global pose graph optimization. We validate the accuracy of our system on public datasets and compare against other state-of-the-art algorithms. We also evaluate the map merging ability of our system in the large-scale outdoor environment. The source code of map reuse is integrated into our public code, VINS-Mono.
Amino acid sequence of rabbit fast-twitch skeletal muscle calsequestrin deduced from cDNA and peptide sequencing. (1987)

Partial amino acid sequence analysis of rabbit fast-twitch skeletal muscle calsequestrin permitted the construction of synthetic oligonucleotides that were used as both primers and probes for the synthesis and isolation of cDNAs encoding calsequestrin from neonatal rabbit skeletal muscle libraries. The cDNA sequence encodes a processed protein of 367 residues with a Mr of 42,435 and a 28-residue amino-terminal signal sequence. The deduced amino acid sequence agreed closely with the portions of the mature protein that were sequenced using standard protein sequencing. The neonatal protein, however, contains an acidic carboxyl-terminal extension not present in the adult protein, suggesting that the cDNA sequence may have arisen from an alternatively spliced neonatal transcript. A single transcript of 1.9-2.0 kilobases was seen in neonatal skeletal muscle mRNA. A glycosylation site and two potential phosphorylation sites were detected. Although the protein contains about two acidic residues for each Ca2+ bound, there is no repeating distribution of acidic residues and no evidence of EF hand structures. Hydropathy plots show no transmembrane sequences, and structural analyses suggest that less than half of the protein is likely to be highly structured. This sequence defines the characteristics of a class of high-capacity, moderate-affinity, Ca2+ binding proteins.
Anticonvulsant Activity of B2, an Adenosine Analog, on Chemical Convulsant-Induced Seizures (2013)

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. However, approximately one-third of epilepsy patients still suffer from uncontrolled seizures. Effective treatments for epilepsy are yet to be developed. N (6)-(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (B2) is a N(6)-substitued adenosine analog. Here we describe an investigation of the effects and mechanisms of B2 on chemical convulsant-induced seizures. Seizures were induced in mice by administration of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), picrotoxin, kainite acid (KA), or strychnine. B2 has a dose-related anticonvulsant effect in these chemical-induced seizure models. The protective effects of B2 include increased latency of seizure onset, decreased seizure occurrence, shorter seizure duration and reduced mortality rate. Radioligand binding and cAMP accumulation assays indicated that B2 might be a functional ligand for both adenosine A1 and A2A receptors. Furthermore, DPCPX, a selective A1 receptor antagonist, but not SCH58261, a selective A2A receptor antagonist, blocked the anticonvulsant effect of B2 on PTZ-induced seizure. c-Fos is a cellular marker for neuronal activity. Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses indicated that B2 significantly reversed PTZ-induced c-Fos expression in the hippocampus. Together, these results indicate that B2 has significant anticonvulsant effects. The anticonvulsant effects of B2 may be attributed to adenosine A1 receptor activation and reduced neuronal excitability in the hippocampus. These observations also support that the use of adenosine receptor agonist may be a promising approach for the treatment of epilepsy.
Interleukin-13 (IL-13) Pathway (2005)

Interleukin-13 (IL-13), like IL-4, is a cytokine produced by T(H)2 type helper T cells in response to signaling through the T cell antigen receptor and by mast cells and basophils upon cross-linkage of the high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E (IgE). It is also produced by activated eosinophils. IL-13 induces many of the same responses as IL-4 and shares a receptor subunit with IL-4. IL-13 has been implicated in airway hypersensitivity and mucus hypersecretion, inflammatory bowel disease, and parasitic nematode expulsion.
Hot carrier effects in the collection efficiency of solar cells: <i>a</i>-Si:H (1982)

Recent models for the falloff in spectral response at short wavelengths in low mobility solar cell materials have been based upon the diffusion of thermalized carriers against the electric field to high recombination contacts or interfaces. These models neglect the excess energy imparted to the carriers by short wavelength light, that enable them to easily move against the field while thermalizing. Calculations of the distance the carriers diffuse before losing their excess energy by phonon emission indicate that in the high absorption coefficient region of a-Si:H up to 50% of the carriers can reach a contact or interface before thermalizing.
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fused β-Homophenylalanine Derivatives as Potent DPP-4 Inhibitors (2015)

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are accepted as a favorable class of agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Herein, a series of fused β-homophenylalanine derivatives as novel DPP-4 inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against DPP-4. Most of them displayed excellent DPP-4 inhibitory activities and good selectivity. Among them, 9aa, 18a, and 18m also showed good efficacy in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in ICR mice. Moreover, when dosed 8 h prior to glucose challenge, 18m showed significantly greater potency than sitagliptin. It thus provides potential candidates for the further development into potent drugs targeting DPP-4.
Preparation of C60F36 and C70F36/38/40 (1996)

Fullerene fluorination parallels hydrogenation, the reaction of [60]-and [70]-fullerenes with MnF3 giving C60F36and C70F36/38/40; 19F NMR spectroscopy indicates that C60F36 consists of four isomers, one of which has T symmetry.
Distinct mechanisms govern proteolytic shedding of a key invasion protein in apicomplexan pathogens (2005)

Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA1) is a conserved apicomplexan protein that plays an important but undefined role in host cell invasion. We have studied the fate of Plasmodium falciparum AMA1 (PfAMA1) during erythrocyte invasion by the malaria merozoite, and compared it with that of the Toxoplasma gondii orthologue, TgAMA1. Shedding of the PfAMA1 ectodomain goes essentially to completion during invasion, and occurs predominantly or exclusively via juxtamembrane cleavage at the previously identified sheddase cleavage site, Thr517. Only the resulting juxtamembrane stub of the ectodomain is efficiently carried into the host cell, and this remains distributed around the plasma membrane of the intracellular ring-stage parasite. Inhibition of normal shedding, however, results in proteolysis at an intramembrane, rhomboid-like cleavage site, and PfAMA1 is susceptible to cleavage by Drosophila rhomboid-1, showing that it can be a substrate for intramembrane cleavage but is not normally processed in this manner. In contrast, shedding of TgAMA1 from the surface of extracellular tachyzoites occurs exclusively via cleavage within the luminal half of its transmembrane domain by a rhomboid-like protease. Also unlike PfAMA1, complete TgAMA1 shedding does not accompany Toxoplasma invasion as the intact protein was readily detected on the surface of newly invaded tachyzoites. This work reveals unexpected differences in the manner in which Plasmodium and Toxoplasma shed AMA1 from the surface of invasive zoites, and demonstrates the presence at the malaria merozoite surface of a rhomboid-like protease.
Scalable reliable multicast in wide area networks (1999)

Many applications including one-to-many file transfer, information dissemination (e.g., stock quotes and web cache updates), distance learning, shared whiteboards, multi-party games, and distributed computing can benefit from reliable multicast. The goal of this dissertation is to design and evaluate large scale multicast loss recovery architectures and protocols for IP multicast capable networks, that make efficient use of both the network and end-system resources and scale to applications that can have thousands of receivers spanning wide area networks. One of the important problems in multicast loss recovery is that of a receiver receiving unwanted retransmissions of packets lost at other receivers. We present a new approach to scoping retransmissions in which a single multicast channel is used for the original transmission of packets and separate multicast channels are used for scoping retransmissions to “interested” receivers only. We find that a small to moderate number of multicast channels can be recycled to achieve almost perfect retransmission scoping for a wide range of system parameters. We also propose two mechanisms for implementing retransmission channels, one using multiple IP multicast groups and the other using a single IP multicast group in conjunction with additional router support. We show that the second approach reduces both host processing costs and network bandwidth usage. Another problem arises when the sender alone bears the burden of handling loss-feedback and supplying retransmissions to a large group of receivers. Local recovery approaches, in which entities other than the sender aid in loss recovery, distribute the loss recovery burden and also reduce network bandwidth consumption and recovery latency. We propose a new local recovery approach that co-locates designated repair servers with routers at strategic locations inside the network. We demonstrate the superior performance of our approach over traditional approaches. We address the important issues of repair server placement, repair server resource requirements, and performance degradation due to insufficient resources. We also demonstrate how the repair server functionality can be provided as a dynamically invocable/revocable service with minimal router support.
Influence of Hydroxylation and Conjugation of Bile Salts on Their Membrane-Damaging Properties-Studies on Isolated Hepatocytes and Lipid Membrane Vesicles† (1984)

To characterize the relative toxicity of different bile salts, isolated hepatocytes were incubated with different concentrations of one bile salt or with identical concentrations of different bile salts and their conjugates. Incubation lasted for 1 hr; samples were taken at intervals and studied for enzyme release, urea synthesis and stimulation by glucagon, and by electron microscopy. While the trihydroxylated bile salt, taurocholate, did not produce alterations at concentrations up to 1,500 microM, the dihydroxylated salts, chenodeoxy- and deoxycholate, caused enzyme release and membrane lysis, and inhibited urea synthesis at concentrations above 500 microM. In contrast, ursodeoxycholate was ineffective at concentrations up to 1,500 microM. Conjugation of these bile salts did not result in significant differences with the exception of deoxycholate conjugates which induced enzyme leakage more rapidly. Studies of lipid membrane vesicles revealed corresponding alterations. The monohydroxylated salt, taurolithocholate, caused cellular damage as indicated by enzyme loss and impairment of hormonal sensitivity of cells at low concentrations (30 to 100 microM). Dihydroxylated salts produced a different time course of membrane leakage, ultrastructural changes and release of volume marker and lipid in liposomes, suggesting a possible different mechanism of damage induced by this bile salt. Both systems can readily be used to study bile salt membrane interactions.
Reliability of 20 μm pitch ncf type cof package with compliant-bump (2009)

In this study, three kinds of nonconductive film (NCF) adhesives named as NCF I-NCF II and NCF III, were applied to COF package with compliant-bump. Firstly, to investigate bonding temperature effects, the curing rate of the NCFs and strength of interconnection under different bonding temperatures (150°C ~ 230°C) were evaluated using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) test and a 90 degree peeling test, respectively. Then, the electrical performances of NCF joints bonded at different bonding temperatures were monitored by measuring daisy chain and insulated resistance. After that, the reliability tests of 85°C / 85% RH thermal humidity storage test (THST), and 55°C ~ 125°C thermal cycling test (TCT) were performed. Finally, the cross-section images of failure samples from SEM were observed to find the failure mode. The results showed that the resistance variation of samples with NCF III was below 3% after 1,000 hours of THST. Due to insufficient curing degree for NCF materials, resistance of samples with NCF I - II at bonding temperature of 150°C increased rapidly after 100 hours of THST. After increasing bonding temperature higher than 170°C, all the testing samples can pass the THST for 1,000 hours. However, more than 10% resistance variation can be obtained due to moisture hygro-swelling effect on the NCF materials. The main failure caused by THST is delemination at the complaint-bump / copper lead interface. Moreover, no matter which NCF material is adopted in compliant-bump bonded COF package, the contact resistance variation is within 1% in TCT. In compliant-bump bonded COF package, moisture hygro-swelling effect and curing degree for NCF materials are main factors to dominate the reliability performance. It is proved that NCF type COF package with compliant-bump structure can get stable electrical performance in reliability of THST / TCT and come to the application of ultra-fine pitch COF package.
Construction and Application of Mouse Full-length cDNA Database (1999)

Our group has been making effort to collect mouse full-length cDNA clones as large scale Mouse cDNA project. It is aiming at collecting all kind of expressed full-length Mouse cDNA clones. The first phase of the project is to make cataloged non-redundant cDNA clone bank. It is necessary for analysis of sequence data and further applications of cDNA clones. We sequence 3’-end part of all cDNA clones and we use them as identification sequence tags. And then we classify them in terms of cluster analysis. Each cDNA cluster consists of the identical sequences. The clustering by sequence identity is achieved by an all-against-all homology search. The parameters for the homology search were optimized to give the suitable sensitivity comparing to our sequence accuracy based on the actual sequence data. If the sequence tag was new for us, it will be searched through known sequence database and EST database. We had developed automated system of series of the analysis. We improved this clustering system in accuracy and processing speed. And results of these analyses are stored into the database which is managed by RDBMS. We have gotten seventy several thousands of identical cDNA clusters of over 460,000 clones. These cDNA clones and their information are provided for further analysis. Information retrieval system for the database is available through web browser and/or UNIX command line. For example, we have applied our cDNA clones to cDNA microarray. It is very useful for further analysis to link from each spot of cDNA microarray data to each clone data.
Phylogenomics and systematics in Pseudomonas (2015)

The genus Pseudomonas currently contains 144 species, making it the genus of Gram-negative bacteria that contains the largest number of species. Currently, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) is the preferred method for establishing the phylogeny between species and genera. Four partial gene sequences of housekeeping genes (16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoB, and rpoD) were obtained from 112 complete or draft genomes of strains related to the genus Pseudomonas that were available in databases. These genes were analyzed together with the corresponding sequences of 133 Pseudomonas type strains of validly published species to assess their correct phylogenetic assignations. We confirmed that 30% of the sequenced genomes of non-type strains were not correctly assigned at the species level in the accepted taxonomy of the genus and that 20% of the strains were not identified at the species level. Most of these strains had been isolated and classified several years ago, and their taxonomic status has not been updated by modern techniques. MLSA was also compared with indices based on the analysis of whole-genome sequences that have been proposed for species delineation, such as tetranucleotide usage patterns (TETRA), average nucleotide identity (ANIm, based on MUMmer and ANIb, based on BLAST) and genome-to-genome distance (GGDC). TETRA was useful for discriminating Pseudomonas from other genera, whereas ANIb and GGDC clearly separated strains of different species. ANIb showed the strongest correlation with MLSA. The correct species classification is a prerequisite for most diversity and evolutionary studies. This work highlights the necessity for complete genomic sequences of type strains to build a phylogenomic taxonomy and that all new genome sequences submitted to databases should be correctly assigned to species to avoid taxonomic inconsistencies.
Distribution of light power and optical signals using embedded mirrors inside polymer optical fibers (1996)

Light and signal distributions through side-emitting ports along a polymer optical fiber are demonstrated using etched micro-mirrors. Low-cost serial and parallel mirror fabrication processes are described. Near uniform light distributions through as many as 200 such output ports along a single fiber was obtained. Back reflections of -19.4 dB and insertion loss of 0.7 dB were observed.
Laboratory investigation of an E. coli O157:H7 outbreak associated with swimming in Battle Ground Lake, Vancouver, Washington. (2002)

Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been associated with a number of waterborne outbreaks, but it has never been recovered from an implicated environment. This paper reports on an August 1999 outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 associated with swimming in Battle Ground Lake in Clark Country, Washington. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from duck feces, as well as from two water samples. The authors used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to compare these isolates with patient isolates for genetic homology. All the isolates yielded the same restriction fragment patterns. In addition, using polymerase chain reaction, the authors found patient isolates and environmental isolates to have the same virulence factors (Stx, eaeA, and hly).
Changes in the gait patterns of growing children. (1981)

We observed the gait patterns, including time and distance measurements and ground reaction forces, of fifty-one normal children. Thirty-three children were retested once at one, three, six, nine, or twelve months, over a two-year period, for a total of eighty-four gait observations. Time and distance measurements and foot-ground reaction force measurements were found to be dependent on walking speed and the age of the child. An increase in height with age was found to be the major factor in determining the changes in time and distance measurements with age. For example, we found that average stride length was 76 per cent of the child's height at a walking speed of 1.04 meters per second regardless of the child's age. In contrast, the three components of foot-ground reaction force (vertical, lateral, and forward directions) were observed to vary with age up to five years even when normalized. After the age of five years an adult pattern of ground reaction force emerged. In addition, we found that walking patterns of children who were more than found years old did not vary when retested within a three-month period. However, for children less than four years old, measurements were found to change due to growth during the three-month period to retesting. Similar changes due to growth were found in children more than four years old who were tested at intervals more than three months apart. This important finding may be clinically useful in the study of the effects of treatment.
Free-space electro-optic detection of continuous-wave terahertz radiation (1999)

We present a scheme for the coherent detection of freely propagating continuous-wave terahertz radiation using electro-optic detection. The terahertz radiation is generated by photomixing two single-mode laser diodes in an antenna fabricated on low-temperature-grown GaAs. This radiation is detected using the electro-optic effect in 〈110〉 ZnTe. In contrast to typical terahertz detection techniques, this is a frequency-domain measurement that relies on coherent up-conversion of the terahertz field combined with optical homodyning to suppress background noise.
Endothelial Function Predicts Future Development of Coronary Artery Disease (2004)

In women with angiographically normal-appearing coronary arteries, persistence of chest pain over the years often relates to development of coronary artery disease. Endothelial dysfunction in a setting of normal coronary arteries is a sign of future development of atherosclerosis.
Weight Loss and Longevity (1995)

Letters1 December 1995Weight Loss and LongevityMichael E. J. Lean, MA, MD, FRCP and Paul GarthwaiteMichael E. J. Lean, MA, MD, FRCPUniversity of Glasgow; Glasgow, United Kingdom and Paul GarthwaiteUniversity of Glasgow; Glasgow, United KingdomAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In the Annals supplement on weight loss, Williamson and Pamuk [1] attempted to dismiss our conclusion [2] that overweight patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus had a survival increase of approximately 3 to 4 months per kg of weight lost under physician advice during the first year of treatment. Williamson and Pamuk followed our analysis to the point at which 1 kg of weight lost increased survival by 0.036 years1/2. They then incorrectly interpreted an increase in √survival of 0.036 as an increase in survival of 0.0362. However, (x + 0.036)2 − x2 does not equal 0.0362. For ...References1. Williamson DF, Pamuk ER. The association between weight loss and increased longevity. A review of the evidence. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119(7 pt 2):731-6. Google Scholar2. Lean ME, Powrie JK, Anderson AS, Garthwaite PH. Obesity, weight loss and prognosis in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 1990; 7:228-33. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael E. J. Lean, MA, MD, FRCP; Paul GarthwaiteAffiliations: University of Glasgow; Glasgow, United Kingdom PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEnergy Metabolism and Intermittent Fasting: The Ramadan Perspective 1 December 1995Volume 123, Issue 11Page: 892KeywordsLife expectancyOverweightProspective studiesSurvival analysisType 2 diabetesWeight loss ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...