gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simple non-radioactive method for diagnosis of Huntington's disease (1993)

Journal Article A simple non-radioactive method for diagnosis of Huntington's disease Get access John M. Valdes, John M. Valdes 1Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Danilo A. Tagle, Danilo A. Tagle 2Department of Human Genetics, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lawrence W. Elmer, Lawrence W. Elmer 3Department of Neurology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Francis S. Collins Francis S. Collins * 1Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA2Department of Human Genetics, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA4Department of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA5Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed at: The University of Michigan Medical Center, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, 4570 MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0650, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 2, Issue 6, June 1993, Pages 633–634, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/2.6.633 Published: 01 June 1993 Article history Received: 22 April 1993 Accepted: 22 April 1993 Published: 01 June 1993
Expression Cloning and Characterization of the C28 Acyltransferase of Lipid A Biosynthesis in Rhizobium leguminosarum (2002)

An unusual feature of lipid A from plant endosymbionts of the Rhizobiaceae family is the presence of a 27-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid (C28) moiety. An enzyme that incorporates this acyl chain is present in extracts of Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium etli, and Sinorhizobium meliloti but not Escherichia coli. The enzyme transfers 27-hydroxyoctacosanate from a specialized acyl carrier protein (AcpXL) to the precursor Kdo2 ((3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid)2)-lipid IV(A). We now report the identification of five hybrid cosmids that direct the overexpression of this activity by screening approximately 4000 lysates of individual colonies of an R. leguminosarum 3841 genomic DNA library in the host strain S. meliloti 1021. In these heterologous constructs, both the C28 acyltransferase and C28-AcpXL are overproduced. Sequencing of a 9-kb insert from cosmid pSSB-1, which is also present in the other cosmids, shows that acpXL and the lipid A acyltransferase gene (lpxXL) are close to each other but not contiguous. Nine other open reading frames around lpxXL were also sequenced. Four of them encode orthologues of fatty acid and/or polyketide biosynthetic enzymes. AcpXL purified from S. meliloti expressing pSSB-1 is fully acylated, mainly with 27-hydroxyoctacosanoate. Expression of lpxXL in E. coli behind a T7 promoter results in overproduction in vitro of the expected R. leguminosarum acyltransferase, which is C28-AcpXL-dependent and utilizes (3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid)2-lipid IV(A) as the acceptor. These findings confirm that lpxXL is the structural gene for the C28 acyltransferase. LpxXL is distantly related to the lauroyltransferase (LpxL) of E. coli lipid A biosynthesis, but highly significant LpxXL orthologues are present in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Brucella melitensis, and all sequenced strains of Rhizobium, consistent with the occurrence of long secondary acyl chains in the lipid A molecules of these organisms.
Longitudinal resistance of a quantum Hall system with a density gradient (2006)

Following recent experiments, we consider current flow in two-dimensional electronic systems in the quantum Hall regime where a gradient in the electron density induces a spatial variation in the Hall resistivity. Describing the system in terms of a spatially varying local resistivity tensor, we show that in such a system the current density is generically nonuniform, with the current being pushed toward one side of the sample. We show that, for sufficiently large density gradient, the voltage along that side is determined by the change of the Hall resistivity, and is independent of the microscopic longitudinal resistivity, while the voltage on the opposite side is small and determined by both longitudinal and Hall resistivities. We solve some particular models in detail, and propose ways by which the microscopic longitudinal resistivity may be extracted from measurements of the longitudinal voltage on both sides of the sample.
A Versioning Management Model for Ontology-Based Data Warehouses (2008)

Abstract. More and more integration systems use ontologies to solve the problem of semantic heterogeneities between autonomous databases. To automate the integration process, a number of these systems suppose the existence of a shared domain ontology a priori referenced by the local ontologies embedded in the various sources. When the shared ontology evolves over the time, the evolution may concern (i) the ontology level, (2) the local schema level, and/or (3) the contents of sources. Since sources are autonomous and may evolve independently, managing the evolution of the integrated system turns to an asynchronous versioning problem. In this paper, we propose an approach and a model to deal with this problem in the context of a materialized integration system. To manage the changes of contents and schemas of sources, we adapt the existing solutions proposed in traditional databases. To support ontology changes, we propose the principle of ontological continuity. It supposes that an evolution of an ontology should not make false an axiom that was previously true. This principle allows the management of each old instance using the new version of ontology. With this assumption, we propose an approach, called the floating version model, that fully automate the whole integration process. Our work is motivated by the automatic integration of catalogs of industrial components in engineering databases. It has been validated by a prototype using ECCO environment and the EXPRESS language. 1
Development of the PEO Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes for All-Solid State Lithium Ion Batteries (2018)

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have attracted considerable attention due to the rapid development of the need for more safety and powerful lithium ion batteries. The prime requirements of solid polymer electrolytes are high ion conductivity, low glass transition temperature, excellent solubility to the conductive lithium salt, and good interface stability against Li anode, which makes PEO and its derivatives potential candidate polymer matrixes. This review mainly encompasses on the synthetic development of PEO-based SPEs (PSPEs), and the potential application of the resulting PSPEs for high performance, all-solid-state lithium ion batteries.
Artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria (2000)

The efficacy and safety of the 6-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine were assessed in an open randomized trial in children and adults presenting with acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand between November 1997 and March 1998. 200 patients were enrolled in 2 centres: 150 received artemether-lumefantrine (i.e., a median total dose of 9.6 mg/kg [interquartile range 8.7-10.7] and 57.9 mg/kg of lumefantrine [52.4-64.0]) and 50 the standard combination of artesunate (12 mg/kg over 3 d) and mefloquine (25 mg/kg). All patients had rapid initial clinical and parasitological responses. The 28 d cure rates were high: 97.7% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 93.5-99.5%) for artemether-lumefantrine and 100% (95% CI 92.5-100%) for artesunate-mefloquine. The 6-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine was better tolerated than, and as effective as, artesunate-mefloquine, the current standard treatment in this area of multidrug-resistant P. falciparum malaria.
An Experimental Measurement on Transient Thermal Response in a PI - Controlled VAV System (2003)

The present study performs an experimental measurement on transient thermal response of an air-conditioned space by a variable air volume(VAV) system with a PI(proportional-integral) control logic. A thermal chamber with a PI controlled VAV unit is constructed to verify the previously suggested stratified multi-zone model. The effects of thermal parameters and control parameters such as supply air temperature and PI control factor are investigated by implementing the thermal chamber test. The experimental results obtained show that transient behavior of the air-conditioned space-temperature is in good accordance with the simulation results of the stratified thermal model.
Municipal Solid Waste as a Source of Lignocellulosic Fiber and Plastic for Composite Industries (2008)

Municipal solid wastes (MSWs) generated each year contain potentially useful and recyclable materials for composites. Interest is high for the use of MSWs in composites, thus providing cost and environmental benefits. The main objective of this study was to show the potential of municipal solid waste materials for making wood plastic composites. The possibility of using recycled materials in the development of composites is very attractive, especially with respect to the large quantity of wood and plastic waste generated daily. Waste wood and paper can meet all the requirements in order to replace inorganic fillers in thermoplastic composites. Advantages associated with biocomposite products include lighter weight and improved acoustic, impact, and heat reformability properties—all at a cost less than that of comparable products made from plastics alone. In addition, these composites can possibly be reclaimed and recycled for the production of second-generation composites.
Selected ion chemical ionization mass spectrometric measurement of OH (1997)

Ion‐assisted OH measurements are presented from two different standpoints. First, instrument operation and calibration are discussed along with recent improvements in measurement techniques. A chemical model of inlet titration chemistry in both clean and polluted air is also included in this section. The results of OH measurements using the present technique are presented for the entire tropospheric OH photochemistry campaign. Hydroxyl radical concentrations of 2–4×10 6 molecules cm −3 were typical at noon for clean, clear days. In polluted air masses, OH concentrations up to 8×10 6 molecules cm −3 were observed. Variation of OH with changing and differing air masses is clearly shown and discussed.
The Effect of Light Spectrum on the Morphology and Cannabinoid Content of Cannabis sativa L. (2018)

<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. flowers are the main source of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) used in medicine. One of the most important growth factors in cannabis cultivation is light; light quality, light intensity, and photoperiod play a big role in a successful growth protocol. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of 3 different light sources on morphology and cannabinoid production. Cannabis clones were grown under 3 different light spectra, namely high-pressure sodium (HPS), AP673L (LED), and NS1 (LED). Light intensity was set to ∼450 µmol/m<sup>2</sup>/s measured from the canopy top. The photoperiod was 18L: 6D/21 days during the vegetative phase and 12L: 12D/46 days during the generative phase, respectively. At the end of the experiment, plant dry weight partition, plant height, and cannabinoid content (THC, cannabidiol [CBD], tetrahydrocannabivarin [THCV], cannabigerol [CBG]) were measured under different light treatments. The experiment was repeated twice. The 3 light treatments (HPS, NS1, AP673L) resulted in differences in cannabis plant morphology and in cannabinoid content, but not in total yield of cannabinoids. Plants under HPS treatment were taller and had more flower dry weight than those under treatments AP673L and NS1. Treatment NS1 had the highest CBG content. Treatments NS1 and AP673L had higher CBD and THC concentrations than the HPS treatment. Results were similar between experiments 1 and 2. Our results show that the plant morphology can be manipulated with the light spectrum. Furthermore, it is possible to affect the accumulation of different cannabinoids to increase the potential of medicinal grade cannabis. In conclusion, an optimized light spectrum improves the value and quality of cannabis. Current LED technology showed significant differences in growth habit and cannabinoid profile compared to the traditional HPS light source. Finally, no difference of flowering time was observed under different R:FR (i.e., the ratio between red and far-red light).
Use of World Wide Web server and browser software to support a first-year medical physiology course. (1997)

We describe the use of a World Wide Web (Web) server to support a team-taught physiology course for first-year medical students. Our objectives were to reduce the number of formal lecture hours and enhance student enthusiasm by using more multimedia materials and creating opportunities for interactive learning. On-line course materials, consisting of administrative documents, lecture notes, animations, digital movies, practice tests, and grade reports, were placed on a departmental computer with an Internet connection. Students used Web browsers to access on-line materials from a variety of computing platforms on campus, at home, and at remote sites. To assess use of the materials and their effectiveness, we analyzed 1) log files from the server, and 2) the results of a written course evaluation completed by all students. Lecture notes and practice tests were the most-used documents. The students' evaluations indicated that computer use in class made the lecture material more interesting, while the on-line documents helped reinforce lecture materials and the textbook. We conclude that the effectiveness of on-line materials depends on several different factors, including 1) the number of instructors that provide materials; 2) the quantity of other materials handed out; 3) the degree to which computer use is demonstrated in class and integrated into lectures; and 4) the ease with which students can access the materials. Finally, we propose that additional implementation of Internet-based resources beyond what we have described would further enhance a physiology course for first-year medical students.
Efficacy of lincosaminide antibiotics in the treatment of experimental staphylococcal mastitis in lactating mice (1985)

Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of bovine mastitis worldwide. A model that may predict the efficacy of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of bovine mastitis induced by Staph. aureus was developed in lactating mice. Infection was established by the inoculation of lactating CF1 mice with Staph. aureus into the mammary gland via the teat duct. At the dose of bacteria used, 85-90% of the inoculated, untreated animals developed a nonlethal, acute mastitis within 48 h. Antibiotic treatment was administered subcutaneously or by the intramammary route. Lincosaminide antibiotics including lincomycin, clindamycin, and pirlimycin were evaluated in this system. Other compounds which have been used in therapy of bovine mastitis including novobiocin, penicillin G, ampicillin, cloxacillin and rifamycin-SV were used as reference antibiotics. Pirlimycin was the most effective of the antibiotics tested in this standardized system. Depending upon the route of administration, this novel lincosaminide was 15 to 95-fold more effective than clindamycin, three- to six-fold better than lincomycin, two- to ten-fold more effective than novobiocin, 13- to 17-times more effective than cloxacillin and 8- to 22-times better than rifamycin-SV on a weight-dose comparison. Penicillin G and ampicillin were the least effective drugs tested against mastitis induced by the beta-lactamase producing strain of Staph. aureus used in these assays. Pharmacokinetic experiments suggested that the greater effectiveness of pirlimycin compared to clindamycin and lincomycin was due to increased affinity for and prolonged retention in the mammary gland.
Suggestion for a Fast Binary Sine/Cosine Generator (1976)

A combinational two-dimensional array for the rapid generation of sines and cosines is described. The array is a spatial realization of a continued product algorithm which uses multiplication by (1 + jEk2-k). Using 10-ns logic, it is estimated that 16-bit sines and cosines may be generated in less than 2 μs.
Locomotive characteristics of swimming mechanism propelled by alternating magnetic field (2004)

This paper is concerned with the micro swimming mechanism propelled by the alternating magnetic field in a water pipe. Locomotive characteristics of the swimming mechanism are investigated for the purpose of the development of micro robots which work in human blood vessels. The swimming mechanism is composed of a small magnet attached to a polyethyleneterephthalate film. The dynamic behaviour of the mechanism is analyzed by a three-dimensional motion analysis system. It was found that the propelling velocity depends on the excitation frequency and dimension of the polyethyleneterephthalate film.
Epitaxial high-T c superconducting bolometers on silicon for IR detection (1994)

Silicon wafers have shown promise for the fabrication of photothermal IR detectors (i.e., bolometers) from epitaxial HTS thin films of YBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>(7-(delta</SUB> )) (YBCO). Conventional IC-grade wafers, ultrathin wafers, and micromachined-silicon membrane windows in conventional wafers, are all suitable, but the latter provides considerable advantage for bolometer performance. The high thermal conductivity and strength of silicon make it ideal for submicron-thick window designs. Epitaxy in the HTS film is advantageous, since it reduces granular disorder, the primary cause of dark noise (resistance-fluctuations) in the detector. Mid-to-far IR transparency of Si at 90 K is unique among those substrates that support high-quality epitaxial YBCO films. This Si transparency to IR can be used for various improvements in the optical design of these devices. We review the thermal and optical advantages of silicon substrates, device fabrication issues, and bolometer modeling. Thermal modeling of membrane bolometers indicates that the steady- state temperature-rise profile is nonuniform, but that this does not degrade the response linearity of the bolometer. Certain size limits and trade-offs in the design, will be important in the final device performance. We also discuss applications to FTIR instruments, and extensions of this technology to arrays including a novel on-chip transform spectrometer design.
Exfoliative toxin detection using reversed passive latex agglutination: clinical and epidemiologic applications (1997)

A rapid and simple method for detecting exfoliative toxin serotypes A and B from clinical isolates has been developed as a test kit (EXT-RPLA; Denka Seiken Co. Ltd., Niigata, Japan). This method is based on reversed passive latex agglutination. The detection limit of the EXT-RPLA observed for purified exfoliative toxin serotypes A and B was 1 ng/ml. We evaluated the clinical and epidemiologic uses of the EXT-RPLA. A total of 381 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, 292 from various clinical specimens and 89 from the skin of dermatologic patients, were studied. The EXT-RPLA detected 19 exfoliative toxin producers, including 16 serotype A producers and 3 serotype B producers, but no double producers. The sensitivity and specificity of the EXT-RPLA were confirmed by the newborn mouse bioassay and a PCR assay for the structural genes for exfoliative toxin serotypes A and B (eta and etb, respectively). The overall positivity rate of exfoliative toxin producers was 5.0% (19 of 381), including 16 serotype A isolates and 3 serotype B isolates. Of the 89 isolates from the skin of dermatologic patients, 12 (13.5%) were positive for exfoliative toxin production. Only 2 (1.3%) of the 153 methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates produced exfoliative toxin, while 17 (7.5%) of the 228 methicillin-sensitive isolates produced exfoliative toxin. The EXT-RPLA assay is a simple and reliable method for detecting exfoliative toxin, and we recommend its use for the rapid diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. We also recommend its use for detection of this syndrome so that effective control measures can be taken against the spread of this syndrome.
Prediction of Roads Disturbances on Undermined Area (2011)

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Real-time closed tube single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) quantification in pooled samples by quencher extension (QEXT) (2003)

Quencher extension (QEXT) is a novel single step closed tube real-time method to quantify SNPs using reporters and quenchers in combination with primer extension. A probe with a 5'-reporter dye is single base extended with a dideoxy nucleotide containing a quencher dye if the target SNP allele is present. The extension is recorded from the quenching (reduced fluorescence) of the reporter dye. This avoids the influence of the unincorporated dye-labeled nucleotides, resulting in high accuracy and a high signal-to-noise ratio. The relative amount of a specific SNP allele is determined from the nucleotide incorporation rate in a thermo-cycling reaction. We tested the QEXT assay using five SNPs in the Listeria monocytogenes inlA gene as a model system. The presence of the target SNP alleles was determined with high statistical confidence (P < 0.0005). The quantitative detection limits were between 0 and 5% for the targeted SNP alleles on a background of other SNP alleles (P < 0.05). The QEXT method is directly adaptable to current real-time PCR equipment and is thus suited for high throughput and a wide application range.
Time-series estimation of biological factors in optical diffusion tomography (2003)

We apply state space estimation techniques to the time-varying reconstruction problem in optical tomography. We develop a stochastic model for describing the evolution of quasi-sinusoidal medical signals such as the heartbeat, assuming these are represented as a known frequency with randomly varying amplitude and phase. We use the extended Kalman filter in combination with spatial regularization techniques to reconstruct images from highly under-determined time-series data. This system also naturally segments activity belonging to different biological processes. We present reconstructions of simulated data and of real data recorded from the human motor cortex (Franceschini et al 2000 Optics Express 6 49-57). It is argued that the application of these time-series techniques improves both the fidelity and temporal resolution of reconstruction in optical tomography.