gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Notched T Wave as Evidence of Autonomic Nervous Lability in Duchenne Progressive Muscular Dystrophy. (1995)

We investigated the significance of notched T waves on the ECG in 30 patients with Duchenne progressive muscular dystrophy (DMD) and 50 age-matched controls using noninvasive cardiovascular examinations and measurement of urinary catecholamines. Notched T waves were more frequently observed in patients with DMD than in control subjects (46.7% vs. 20.0%, p < 0.05). Moreover, their frequency was age-independent in DMD, whereas they decreased with age in controls. Patients with notched T waves showed significantly increased heart rate, prolonged QTc and augmented excretion of urinary adrenaline compared with patients without them. There were no significant differences in casual BP or incidences of characteristic UCG abnormalities, such as mitral valve prolapse, and ECG abnormalities, such as tall R waves in the right precordial leads, between DMD patients with and without notched T waves. These findings suggest that notched T waves are associated with accelerated sympathetic nervous activity rather than progressive cardiac involvement in DMD.
Trans‐specific <i>Mhc</i> polymorphism and the origin of species in primates (1993)

The major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) is a cluster of loci controlling the specific immune response in vertebrates. Mhc alleles often differ by a large number of nucleotide substitutions, some of which began to accumulate before the emergence of extant species. We have applied the theory of allelic genealogy to the primate Mhc genes with the aim of estimating the size of the founding populations. The calculations indicate that the long-term effective population size of the studied species was between 10(4) and 10(5) individuals and that it most likely never dropped below 10(3) individuals.
Circulating Retinol-Binding Protein-4, Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Secretion, and Insulin Disposition Index in Obese and Nonobese Subjects (2007)

Our results suggest that oversecretion of RBP4 may negatively affect beta-cell function directly or by preventing the binding of transthyretin to its receptor. These mechanisms could be behind the association between increased circulating RBP4 and type 2 diabetes. RBP4 could be one signal from insulin-resistant tissues that impacts on beta-cell secretion.
An H-infinity feedback control approach for three-phase voltage source converters (2014)

This research work introduces a new control method for feedback control of nonlinear power electronics systems with application example the problem of three-phase voltage source converters. The control method consists of a repetitive solution of an H-infinity control problem for the voltage source converter, that makes use of a locally linearized model of the converter and takes place at each iteration of the control algorithm. The converter's model is locally linearized round its current operating point through the computation of the associated Jacobian matrices. Using the linearized model of the converter an H-infinity feedback control law is computed. The known robustness features of H-infinity control enable to compensate for the errors of the approximative linearization, as well as to eliminate the effects of external perturbations. The performance of the proposed control scheme is validated analytically and is confirmed through simulation experiments.
Desertification and a shift of forest species in the West African Sahel (2001)

Original field data show that forest species richness and tree density in the West African Sahel declined in the last half of the 20th century. Average forest species richness of areas of 4 km 2 in Northwest Senegal fell from 64 2 species ca 1945 to 43 2 species in 1993, a decrease significant at p < 0.001. Densities of trees of height 3 m declined from 10 0.3 trees ha -1 in 1954 to 7.8 0.3 trees ha -1 in 1989, also significant at p < 0.001. Standing wood biomass fell 2.1 t ha -1 in the period 1956-1993, releasing CO 2 at a rate of 60 kgC person -1 yr -1 . These changes have shifted vegetation zones toward areas of higher rainfall at an average rate of 500 to 600 m yr -1 . Arid Sahel species have expanded in the north, tracking a concomitant retraction of mesic Sudan and Guinean species to the south. Multivariate analyses identify latitude and longitude, proxies for rainfall and temperature, as the most significant factors explaining tree and shrub distribution. The changes also decreased human carrying capacity to below actual population densities. The rural population of 45 people km -2 exceeded the 1993 carrying capacity, for firewood from shrubs, of 13 people km -2 (range 1 to 21 people km -2 ). As an adaptation strategy, ecological and socioeconomic factors favor the natural regeneration of local species over the massive plantation of exotic species. Natural regeneration is a traditional practice in which farmers select small field trees that they wish to raise to maturity, protect them, and prune them to promote rapid growth of the apical meristem. The results of this research provide evidence for desertification in the West African Sahel. These documented impacts of desertification foreshadow possible future effects of climate change.
Identification of the SPLUNC1 ENaC-inhibitory domain yields novel strategies to treat sodium hyperabsorption in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cultures (2013)

The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is responsible for Na(+) and fluid absorption across colon, kidney, and airway epithelia. Short palate lung and nasal epithelial clone 1 (SPLUNC1) is a secreted, innate defense protein and an autocrine inhibitor of ENaC that is highly expressed in airway epithelia. While SPLUNC1 has a bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI)-type structure, its NH2-terminal region lacks structure. Here we found that an 18 amino acid peptide, S18, which corresponded to residues G22-A39 of the SPLUNC1 NH2 terminus inhibited ENaC activity to a similar degree as full-length SPLUNC1 (∼2.5 fold), while SPLUNC1 protein lacking this region was without effect. S18 did not inhibit the structurally related acid-sensing ion channels, indicating specificity for ENaC. However, S18 preferentially bound to the βENaC subunit in a glycosylation-dependent manner. ENaC hyperactivity is contributory to cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Unlike control, CF human bronchial epithelial cultures (HBECs) where airway surface liquid (ASL) height was abnormally low (4.2 ± 0.6 μm), addition of S18 prevented ENaC-led ASL hyperabsorption and maintained CF ASL height at 7.9 ± 0.6 μm, even in the presence of neutrophil elastase, which is comparable to heights seen in normal HBECs. Our data also indicate that the ENaC inhibitory domain of SPLUNC1 may be cleaved away from the main molecule by neutrophil elastase, suggesting that it may still be active during inflammation or neutrophilia. Furthermore, the robust inhibition of ENaC by the S18 peptide suggests that this peptide may be suitable for treating CF lung disease.
Ultrasonic wave propagation and barrier-limited heat flow in thin films of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">YBa</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1991)

Direct generation and detection of acoustic waveguide modes in thin (1000 \AA{}) films using the optical-transient-grating method are reported. The upper limit of acoustic damping in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$ films was measured to be \ensuremath{\sim}100 dB/cm for 1-GHz acoustic waves at room temperature. The presence of barrier-limited thermal conductivity into the supporting MgO substrate is demonstrated and a thermal diffusivity of 0.023 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/s in the a-b plane at 300 K is measured, which is consistent with previous observations.
A RENAISSANCE IN ORGANOCATALYSIS (2004)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTA RENAISSANCE IN ORGANOCATALYSISLong eclipsed by metals, small-molecule organic catalysts are back and here to stayA. MAUREEN ROUHIView Author Information C&EN WASHINGTONCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2004, 82, 36, 41–45Publication Date (Print):September 6, 2004Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 6 September 2004https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v082n036.p041Copyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views23Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) SUBJECTS:Organocatalysis Get e-Alerts
Application of superconducting magnetic energy storage unit on damping of turbogenerator subsynchronous oscillation (1991)

A systematic approach is used to design a controller for a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit to improve the torsional modes damping of a turbogenerator. To suppress the unstable torsional oscillation, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is employed to modulate the power input/output of the SMES unit according to generator speed deviation. The gains of the proposed PID controller are determined by the pole assignment method based on modal control theory. Eigenvalue analysis of the studied system shows that the PID controller is quite effective over a wide range of operating conditions. Computer simulations using the nonlinear system model are also performed to demonstrate the damping effort of the proposed controller under disturbance conditions.
Designing and evaluating Buster (2007)

This paper elaborates on previous research into the design and use of mobile information systems for supporting the use of public transportation. Contributing to this domain of HCI research, we describe the design and evaluation of a mobile travel planner, Buster, for the public city bus system of a large regional city in Denmark. Carrying on from on earlier research activities, we did contextual interviews, acting out of future scenarios in situ, and iterative paper prototyping to extend on previous design ideas and explore further the principle of indexicality in interface design for context-aware mobile systems. We then implemented a functional prototype application and evaluated it in the field.
Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice Recommendations of the Second Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Coronary Prevention (1998)

or other atherosclerotic disease.
Secure RFID Authentication Protocol with Key Updating Technique (2013)

RFID systems are being used in various pervasive applications. Therefore, security and privacy protection is an important issue that needs to be addressed. In this paper, we present a secure mutual authentication protocol for RFID systems that is based on symmetric key technique with an efficient key updating mechanism. The objective is to improve the system security against replay, eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks while maintaining lower computation, communication and storage. We also compare our authentication method with some recent protocols that deploy the same cipher (XTEA) by implementing the protocols on the same RF based system. Our proposed authentication protocol provides higher security level and lower computation and communication costs.
Security audit trail analysis using inductively generated predictive rules (2002)

A time-based inductive learning approach to security audit trail analysis is presented. The approach uses a time-based inductive engine to generate rule-based sequential patterns that characterize the behavior of a user. The time-based inductive approach substantially increases the discriminating capability of an anomaly detection system due to the added dimension of information given in the sequential relationships between security events. It is shown that the use of rule-based sequential patterns allows a security auditing system to capture characteristics of user behavior that may be otherwise intractable using traditional statistical approaches. The approach also may help security management to focus on a few potentially hostile security events inside an entire user log-in session.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Probabilistic integration of audiovisual information to localize sound source in human-robot interaction (2004)

This paper proposes a method to estimate a sound source position by fusing the auditory and visual information with Bayesian network in human-robot interaction. We firstly integrate multi-channel audio signals and a depth image about the environment to generate a likelihood map for sound source localization. However, this integration, denoted by "MICs", does not always lead to locate a sound source correctly. For correcting the failure in localization, we integrate the likelihood values generated from "MICs" and the skin-color distribution in an image according to the result of classifying audio signal into speech/non-speech categories. The audio classifier is based on the support vector machine(SVM) and the skin-color distribution is modeled with GMM. With the evidences given by MICs, SVMs and GMM, we infer whether pixels in images correspond to sound source or not according to the trained Bayesian network. Finally, experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Guest Comment (1973)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTGuest CommentPublish or perishW. ALBERT NOYES, JR.View Author Information University of Texas, AustinCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1973, 51, 45, 1Publication Date (Print):November 5, 1973Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 5 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v051n045.p001https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v051n045.p001editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 1973 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (104 KB) SUBJECTS:Central nervous system,Quality management,Students Get e-Alerts
Increased CSF E-Selectin in Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease without Altered CSF A <i>β</i> <sub>42</sub> and Tau (2015)

Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically heterogeneous. In this multicenter cohort of 215 clinically diagnosed AD patients and 249 controls, E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VACM-1) were measured along with amyloid-β peptide 1-42 (Aβ42) and tau. We discovered that E-selectin, a biomarker of endothelial function/vascular injury, was inversely correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau/Aβ42 ratio and significantly elevated in clinical AD patients without the typical AD CSF biomarker signature (i.e., low tau/Aβ42 ratio) compared to those with the signature. These findings suggest that E-selectin may be an objective biomarker related to vascular mechanisms contributing to dementia.
A high-quality SOI structure fabricated by low-temperature technology with B<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup>co-implantation and plasma bonding (2006)

In order to decrease the heating temperature of Smart-Cut technology, plasma activation and B+/H+ co-implantation were used. B+/H+ co-implantation gave rise to a decrease of splitting temperature, and finally a high-quality silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure was fabricated at 300 °C. A diluted Secco etching test indicated that the top Si surface defect density was 104–105 cm−2. An atomic force microscope (AFM) image showed that the surface roughness of the top Si layer was much smaller than that of the SOI structure formed from the H-only implanted wafer. The diluted Secco etching test also indicated that the top Si surface defect density would decrease with the increase of annealing temperature, and 500 °C was a critical temperature for reducing the defect density.
Antagonistic Inflammatory Phenotypes Dictate Tumor Fate and Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade (2020)

Inflammation can support or restrain cancer progression and the response to therapy. Here, we searched for primary regulators of cancer-inhibitory inflammation through deep profiling of inflammatory tumor microenvironments (TMEs) linked to immune-dependent control in mice. We found that early intratumoral accumulation of interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-producing natural killer (NK) cells induced a profound remodeling of the TME and unleashed cytotoxic T cell (CTL)-mediated tumor eradication. Mechanistically, tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) acted selectively on EP2 and EP4 receptors on NK cells, hampered the TME switch, and enabled immune evasion. Analysis of patient datasets across human cancers revealed distinct inflammatory TME phenotypes resembling those associated with cancer immune control versus escape in mice. This allowed us to generate a gene-expression signature that integrated opposing inflammatory factors and predicted patient survival and response to immune checkpoint blockade. Our findings identify features of the tumor inflammatory milieu associated with immune control of cancer and establish a strategy to predict immunotherapy outcomes.
Phytanic acid activation in rat liver peroxisomes is catalyzed by long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (1996)

In Refsum disease, disorders of peroxisome biogenesis, and rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, pathological accumulation of phytanic acid results from impaired alpha-oxidation of this branched-chain fatty acid. Previous studies from this laboratory indicated that activation of phytanic acid to its CoA derivative precedes its alpha-oxidation in peroxisomes. It was reported that this reaction is catalyzed by a unique phytanoyl-CoA synthetase in human peroxisomes. We wanted to determine whether phytanic acid activation in rats required long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (LCS), very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (VLCS), or a different enzyme. To test directly whether LCS could activate phytanic acid, rat liver cDNA encoding this enzyme was transcribed and translated in vitro. The expressed enzyme had both LCS activity (assayed with palmitic acid, C16: 0) and phytanoyl-CoA synthetase activity; VLCS activity (assayed with lignoceric acid, C24: 0) was not detectable. The ratio of phytanoyl-CoA synthetized activity to palmitoyl-CoA synthetase activity for LCS synthetized in vitro (approximately 205) was higher than that observed in peroxisomes isolated from rat liver (5-10%), suggesting that the expressed enzyme contained sufficient phytanoyl-Coa synthetase activity to account for all activity observed in intact peroxisomes. Further experiments were carried out to verify that phytanic acid was activated by LCS in rat liver peroxisomes. Attempts to separate LCS from phytanoyl-CoA synthetase by chromatography on several matrices were unsuccessful. Preparative isoelectric focusing revealed that phytanoyl-CoA synthetase and LCS had indistinguishable isoelectric points. Phytanoyl-CoA synthetase activity was inhibited by unlabeled palmitic acid but not by lignoceric acid. Heat treatment inactivated both phytanoyl-CoA and palmitoyl-CoA synthetase activities at similar rates. 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic acid inhibited activation of phytanic acid and palmitic acid in a parallel dose-dependent manner, whereas activation of lignoceric acid was not affected. These data support our conclusion that rat liver LCS, an enzyme known to be present in peroxisomal membranes, has phytanoyl-CoA synthetase activity.
A Control Methodology of Dynamic for Photovoltaic (PV)/Fuel Cell (FC) Hybrid Energy System for Standalone Usage (2013)

This paper contains the results of simulation of small photovoltaic (PV)-fuel cell hybrid energy system. Simulation consists of photovoltaic (PV) a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), hydrogen storage tanks and power converter. The output of the PV is highly dependent on weather conditions, so the load is supplied from the PV with a fuel cell working in parallel. Whenever the PV system cannot completely meet load demands, the FC system provides power to meet the remaining load. FC power plant uses hydrogen and oxygen to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. When excess energy produced by photovoltaic is available, electrical energy can be converted into hydrogen using an electrolyzer and store in Hydrogen storage for later use in fuel cells. PID controller is used to control fuel cell system. The model is applied in MATLAB / SIMULINK based on the mathematical and electrical models.
Advances in Organic Polymer-Based Optoelectronics (1995)

Design and fabrication of low loss polymer waveguides with an attenuation of the order of 1 to 2 dB/cm are discussed. Passive functions such as optical combiners or splitters have been achieved with a polystyrene core waveguide. Electrooptic devices such as phase modulators or Mach Zehnder interferometers have been fabricated and demonstrated respectively with MAGLY, a new variety of crosslinked polymers and the classical methyl methacrylate-Disperse Red One (DR1-MMA) side chain polymer. The linear and nonlinear properties of MAGLY are characterized in comparison with DR1-MMA. Polymer films are shown to sustain, after combined curing and poling processes a high electrooptic coefficient of 12 pm/V at 1.32μm during several weeks at 85°C. The fabrication and characterization of Buried Ridge Structure (BRS) lasers monolithically integrated with a butt coupled polymer based buried strip waveguide are presented. The device exhibits a total waveguide insertion loss of less than 5dB.
Cancer patients use of nonproven therapy: a 5-year follow-up study. (1998)

Our results demonstrate that cross-sectionally designed studies will underestimate the number of ever-users of NPT in a cancer patient population. The use of NPT does not influence observed survival among cancer patients seen in north Norway.