gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE MODELING OF MASS TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN HARDENED CEMENT BASED ON TRANSITION ZONE PROPERTIES (2000)

セメント硬化体の耐久性能を把握するためには, 物質移動特性をシミュレートすることが必要不可欠であり, この際, 硬化体の不均一性を考慮することが重要である. 本研究では, 硬化体の物質移動に多大な影響を及ぼすと言われている遷移帯の連結性を森林火災理論によって表現し定量的評価を行った. その結果, 連結性の急激な増加をもたらす骨材量は水セメント比によって異なることがわかった. さらに, 硬化体を構成する要素毎の移動係数を用い, 浸透理論に時間項を組み込むことによって全体系の物質移動樹生を表現するモデルの構築を試みた. 現時点では移動現象の再現においては定性的な表現に留まったが, 実験結果から得られた傾向を再現することは可能であり, 本手法が妥当であることを検証した.
Chromatin Structure of Transcriptionally Active Genes (1993)

The packaging of DNA in chromatin presents problems for the eukaryote at the levels of both transcription initiation and propagation. Under normal physiological conditions, DNA within the nucleus is packaged as a polynucleosome string that is further folded in a solenoidal array to form a compact fiber about 30 nm in diameter (Felsenfeld and McGhee 1986; van Holde 1989). This fiber is evidently a poor substrate both for initiation and for chain elongation by RNA polymerase. Studies both in vivo and with model systems suggest that transcriptional competence is critically dependent on the disruption or displacement of microsomes in the neighborhood of the promoter (Felsenfeld 1992) but that once transcription has been initiated, RNA chain elongation can take place through histone-covered templates. Indeed, physicochemical studies indicate that transcriptionally active genes behave hydrodynamically as though they are capable of folding partially into a 30-nm fiber (Kimura et al. 1983; Fisher and...
Risk factors for post-treatment hypogonadism in testicular cancer patients. (2008)

It is clinically relevant that BH at T0 and testicular microlithiasis were predictive factors for post-treatment BH. HCT and RT gave temporary BH.
Highly integrated gradient pulse generator for magnetic resonance imaging system (2011)

Abstract A gradient pulse generator for magnetic resonance imaging is presented. It has the ability to yield arbitrary gradient pulses on the fly and provide reconfigurable calculations including scaling, axis rotation, pre‐emphasis, and gradient offsetting in real time along X , Y , and Z gradient channels. The versatility has been obtained by incorporating all required digital functions into a single field programmable gate array chip. The development of the hardware is eased by employing a high‐level tool—the System Generator—using the MathWorks model‐based Simulink environment. In addition, an easy‐to‐use method is developed for pre‐emphasis calibration. As expected, the described device is highly integrated, low cost, simple to use and interface, and has been demonstrated successfully in conjunction with a home‐built magnetic resonance system to perform imaging experiments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 39B: 59–63, 2011
Resistivity of the solid solutions (Co-Ni)Si2 (1986)

Solid solutions of CoSi2 and NiSi2 were prepared from the solid-state reaction of thin films of Ni-Co alloys with their silicon substrates. The room-temperature resistivity of these silicide solid solutions does not increase parabolically, but (within the sensitivity of the measurements) varies linearly with composition. A model is proposed which explains the very weak alloy scattering on the basis that in these disilicides (a) the d bands are pushed below the Fermi level, (b) conduction occurs mostly via s electrons, and (c) there is no s-d scattering.
Early Monocytopenia After Chemotherapy as a Risk Factor for Neutropenia (1999)

Neutropenia is a major adverse effect of cancer chemotherapy and sometimes causes life-threatening events. The present study was therefore conducted to identify risk factors for such neutropenia. Forty patients who had received chemotherapy at 3- or 4-week intervals for advanced lung cancer from May 1991 through February 1997 were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-seven of the patients had received cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The mean neutrophil count on days 6 to 8 in 32 patients who developed grade 3 or 4 neutropenia during chemotherapy was not significantly different from that in eight patients who developed grade 1 or 2 neutropenia during chemotherapy. However, the mean leukocyte and monocyte counts on days 6 to 8 in the 32 patients with grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (5,181 +/- 1,830/microl and 87 +/- 84/microl, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the eight patients with grade 1 or 2 neutropenia (7175 +/- 1671/microl and 248 +/- 127/microl, respectively; p = 0.008 and p = 0.0001). Moreover, all 30 patients with a monocyte count of less than 150/microl on days 6 to 8 had grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and 8 of 10 patients with a monocyte count of 150/microl or higher on days 6 to 8 had grade 1 or 2 neutropenia, despite the absence of a correlation between the leukocyte count on days 6 to 8 and the neutrophil nadir. We conclude that a monocyte count of less than 150/microl on days 6 to 8 may be a predictor of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy at 3- or 4-week intervals (sensitivity 94%, specificity 100%).
4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-butylamine derivatives as inhibitors of blood platelet aggregation. (1989)

Reaction of pyrazole and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole with methyl vinyl ketone gave 4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-butanones which were converted to N-substituted 4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-butylamines by reductive amination using ammonium acetate, primary or secondary amines and sodium cyanoborohydride as reducing agent. These new pyrazole derivatives were found to have an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation in vitro.
Neurotransmitters in cerebrospinal fluid reflect pathological activity (1997)

The excitatory transmitters glutamate and aspartate become toxic whenever their extracellular levels are increased because of neuronal, glial and endothelial impairment. Taurine, a volume-regulating amino acid, is released upon excitotoxin-induced cell swelling. Our aim was to investigate if glutamate and aspartate in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reveal neuropathology in neurological patients, and if taurine unmasks glutamate-mediated toxicity. Glutamate and aspartate are doubled in viral meningitis, acute multiple sclerosis (MS) and myelopathy compared with control subjects and patients with peripheral facial nerve palsy. These levels do not coincide with a disturbed blood-brain barrier, as estimated by the albumin ratio, are independent of their precursors (glutamine, asparagine) and are not associated with cell lysis. Taurine is significantly increased in meningitis, acute MS, and myelopathy, suggesting glutamate-mediated toxicity. Analysis of transmitters in lumbar CSF can be used to identify patients with cerebral and spinal pathology who might benefit from specific receptor-modulating agents.
Development and Optimization of a Germination Assay and Long-Term Storage for Cannabis sativa Pollen (2020)

Pollen viability and storage is of great interest to cannabis breeders and researchers to maintain desirable germplasm for future use in breeding or for biotechnological and gene editing applications. Here, we report a simple and efficient cryopreservation method for long-term storage of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> pollen. Additionally, the bicellular nature of cannabis pollen was identified using DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining. A pollen germination assay was developed to assess cannabis pollen viability and used to demonstrate that pollen collected from different principal growth stages exhibited differential longevity. Finally, a simple and efficient method that employs pollen combined with baked whole wheat flour and subsequent desiccation under vacuum was developed for the long-term cryopreservation of <i>C. sativa</i> pollen. Using this method, pollen viability was maintained in liquid nitrogen after four months, suggesting long-term preservation of cannabis pollen.
Liver Disease in Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency: A Review (2008)

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder that predisposes the affected individual to chronic pulmonary disease, in addition to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Just over one-third of genetically susceptible adult patients with the most severe phenotype, PiZZ, develop clinically significant liver injury. The clinical presentation of liver disease is variable, and the genetic and environmental factors that predispose some individuals to liver disease while sparing others are unknown. The mechanisms of liver and lung disease are distinct and unique. This article reviews the liver disease associated with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, emphasizing the genetic defect, molecular pathogenesis, natural history, and promising therapies.
Spectral Unmixing: Analysis of Performance in the Olfactory Bulb In Vivo (2009)

Our method allows the detection of small spectral variations in depth in the living brain, which is essential for imaging efficiently transgenic animals expressing combination of multiple fluorescent proteins.
[The clinical usefulness and problem of combined spinal epidural needle]. (1995)

The clinical usefulness of combined spinal-epidural needles, Portex Spinal/Epidural set (Pencil point tip type and Lancet point tip type), was evaluated on 30 patients undergoing orthopedic lower limb surgeries, hysterectomies or transurethral surgeries. In all the patients, the spinal-epidural needles were successfully inserted with paramedian approach without any problem. The time to appearance of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal needle hub after removal of the stylet was 15-40 seconds, and no patient in both groups had postspinal headache. Following spinal anesthesia, the local anesthetics injected through the epidural catheter extended the analgesia in the range of 1-2 dermatomes higher in the Lancet point type group in comparison with Pencil point type group. It is possible that the hole in the dura may allow a transfer of local anesthetics into the subarachnoid space. The present study shows that combined spinal-epidural block is clinically useful, and the Pencil point type is safer than the Lancet point type.
Study on the Factors Influencing the Whole Genome Amplification from a Single Cell by Degenerate Oligonucleotide Primered PCR (2008)

[Objective] The purpose was to study the factors influencing the whole genome amplification from a single cell by degenerate oligonucleotide primered PCR(DOP-PCR).[Method] With peripheral blood lymphocyte of an individual person as material,the DOP-PCR amplification was conducted to study the influences of using fresh and refrigerated lymphocytes,and fresh and frozen cracking products from lymphocytes as templates on the uniformity and specificity of amplification products.[Result] The uniformity of amplification products with fresh lymphocytes as templates was equal to that with refrigerated lymphocytes as templates and their specificity was better.Compared with frozen cracking products from lymphocytes,the effects of immediate amplification after cell cracking were significantly better in the uniformity and specificity of products. [Conclusion] When DOP-PCR method was applied in the whole genome amplification from a single cell,it was better to select frech cells for cracking and the frozen storage should be avoided after cracking so as to ensure the uniformity and specificity of amplification.
Methods for Design and Management of a Fast-Pick Area in a Warehouse (2008)

The fast-pick area of a warehouse is used to fill orders for the most popular items in a facility. In this paper, buffers are placed in each zone of the fast-pick area to allow pickers to work ahead. Heuristics are described to assign SKUs to the zones and then to sequence the orders for picking so that the full benefits of the buffers can be obtained. The performance of the system with the heuristics is shown to produce better throughput per worker than the same system with random assignments or a traditional system where orders are picked in waves.
Arginine vasopressin increases intracellular calcium ion concentration in isolated mouse collecting tubule cells: distinct mechanism of action through V2 receptor, but independent of adenylate cyclase activation. (1992)

The effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP*2) and its V2 receptor agonist, 1-deamino-8-D-AVP (dDAVP), on the intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) in isolated collecting tubular cells of mouse kidney were examined using fluorescent indicator fura-2 and a superfusion system. Both AVP and dDAVP evoked a rapid, transient increase followed by a sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i in CCT, OMCT, and IMCT in a dose-dependent manner. In CCT, the increments in [Ca2+]i by dDAVP were lower than those induced by AVP at all concentrations (10(-10)-10(-6) M) of the agonists tested, while in OMCT and IMCT, the increments were comparable. The initial peak of the rise in [Ca2+]i induced by AVP and dDAVP in these collecting tubule segments was partially attenuated by about 40% and the second sustained elevation was largely abolished in the absence of Ca2+ in the superfusate. Further, the increments [Ca2+]i induced by AVP were not affected by the addition of nicardipine to the superfusate. The increases in [Ca2+]i evoked by AVP and dDAVP were not mimicked by cAMP or forskolin. Moreover, they were not affected by alpha-adrenergic stimulation with epinephrine, in the presence and absence of prazosin, conditions which inhibit AVP-dependent cAMP production. These results indicate that AVP increases [Ca2+]i in CCT, OMCT, and IMCT, probably through V2 receptors, but via a mechanism which is independent of adenylate cyclase activation. In addition, the rise in [Ca2+]i is due to both Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores and increased Ca2+ influx through Ca2+ channels insensitive to nicardipine.
Chemical Constitution and Biological Activity (1950)

The material of this book is the outgrowth of many sciences, and the success or failure of accomplishing the titular task of relating chemical constitution to biologic activity depends as much on the status of current knowledge in such wide fields as chemistry, biology and physics as it does on the ability of the author. Although it is possible now to establish many links between chemical constitution and biologic activity, it will become obvious to the reader that many gaps still remain. This is not surprising, considering that the bulk of present knowledge of this field is the result of research carried out within the last two decades. It is heartening to note, however, that the acceleration of research and the accumulation of new literature is so rapid that the author found it necessary to set the middle of 1947 as the deadline for receipt of papers to be considered
Analyzing genomes with cumulative skew diagrams (1998)

A novel method of cumulative diagrams shows that the nucleotide composition of a microbial chromosome changes at two points separated by about a half of its length. These points coincide with sites of replication origin and terminus for all bacteria where such sites are known. The leading strand is found to contain more guanine than cytosine residues. This fact is used to predict origin and terminus locations in other bacterial and archaeal genomes. Local changes, visible as diagram distortions, may represent recent genome rearrangements, as demonstrated for two strains of Escherichia coli . Analysis of the diagrams of viral and mitochondrial genomes suggests a link between the base composition bias and the time spent by DNA in a single stranded state during replication.
Introduction (2004)

Extract What Is Meter and What Is It For? If you ask a musician “what is musical meter?” you are likely to get a demonstration of various ways of counting time such as “one-la-lee, two-la-lee” or “one and two and three and…” The musician is also apt to mention time signatures, the number of beats in a measure, which note carries the beat, and so forth. Some also might talk about how meter is part of the rhythmic “feel” or “groove” that underlies a particular melody or accompaniment. This characterization of meter usually presumes, especially in styles in which one has written notation, that meter is part of the music itself. A contemporary composer might acknowledge this by saying that meter is a parameter subject to precompositional manipulation (e.g., meter can be serialized in a 12-tone composition as readily as pitch). Likewise, a music theorist might say that meter is a necessary part of the structural representation of a piece of music.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of 2-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-1-substituted-1<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>g</i>]quinoxaline-4,9-diones and 2,3-Disubstituted-5,10-pyrazino[2,3-<i>g</i>]quinoxalinediones (1998)

Series of 2-methyl-4,9-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-g]quinoxaline-4, 9-diones and 5,10-pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxalinediones have been synthesized from 6,7-dichloro-5,8-quinoxalinedione for developing new anticancer drugs. Intercalation complex of 2-methyl-4, 9-dihydro-1-methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-g]quinoxaline-4,9-dione with GC/GC base pairs by a computer graphics-aided method was parallel to the axis of the helix. The interaction energies of synthetic compounds were low. 2-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-1-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4, 5-g]quinoxaline-4,9-dione, which has the lowest interaction energy of the test compounds, was identified as being more cytotoxic against human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (MKN 45) than adriamycin and cis-platin in vitro using the MTT assay. The IC50 value of this compound was 1.30 microM, whereas those of adriamycin and cis-platin were 3.13 and 86.5 microM, respectively. The cytotoxicity of 2, 3-diethyl-5,10-pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxalinedione was comparable to that of adriamycin in the in vitro assay. However these compounds showed loss of activity on human lung adenocarcinoma cells (PC 14) and human colon adenocarcinoma cells (colon 205). These results suggest that 2-methyl-4,9-dihydro-1-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4, 5-g]quinoxaline-4,9-dione, with the lowest interaction energy, might be an excellent and selective antitumor agent against MKN 45.
Quantitative Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of Phosphosilicate Glass on Silicon Wafers Using Multivariate Calibration (1992)

Phosphosilicate glass (PSG) is widely used in the microelectronics industry as a dielectric thin film. Determination of phosphorus concentration in these films is important for quality control. Data are presented here indicating that infrared emission spectroscopy combined with multivariate calibration can produce concentration determinations with a precision comparable to that of the electron microprobe reference method. Partial least-squares multivariate calibration methods applied to infrared emission spectra of twelve calibration standards of PSG films on silicon wafers at 225°C yielded a cross-validated standard error of prediction of 0.11 wt % P. It was found that the precisions of the phosphorus determinations were comparable for the use of absorbance spectra, single-beam emission spectra, or single-beam emission spectra ratioed to a blackbody at the same temperature.
Differential effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus on monocytes and dendritic cells (2003)

Various pathogens have been shown to infect antigen-presenting cells and affect their capacity to interact with and stimulate T-cell responses. We have used an antigenically identical pair of non-cytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp) bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) isolates to determine how the two biotypes affect monocyte and dendritic cell (DC) function. We have shown that monocytes and DCs are both susceptible to infection with ncp BVDV and cp BVDV in vitro. In addition, monocytes infected with ncp BVDV were compromised in their ability to stimulate allogeneic and memory CD4(+) T cell responses, but DCs were not affected. This was not due to down-regulation of a number of recognized co-stimulatory molecules including CD80, CD86 and CD40. Striking differences in the response of the two cell types to infection with cytopathic virus were seen. Dendritic cells were not susceptible to the cytopathic effect caused by cp BVDV, whereas monocytes were killed. Analysis of interferon (IFN)-alpha/beta production showed similar levels in monocytes and DCs exposed to cp BVDV, but none was detected in cells exposed to ncp BVDV. We conclude that the prevention of cell death in DCs is not associated with enhanced production of IFN-alpha/beta, as proposed for influenza virus, but is by a distinct mechanism.
Assessment of Methods for the Measurement of Wood Fuel Compositions (2017)

The composition of processed wood fuels, such as pellets, is important, since large quantities of pellets are used to heat buildings and generate electricity. Prior work identified heavy metal contaminants in pellets as a result of waste wood being part of the input materials. Preparation methods for the analysis of the elemental composition of wood fuels with ICP-MS were evaluated using standard reference materials (SRM) and real wood pellet samples. The effect of different degrees of grinding (10–20 μm and 60–100 μm) on the homogeneity of the resulting samples was investigated. The finer-ground samples (particle size 10–20 μm) demonstrated good homogeneity. The amount of mass required for digestion was evaluated based on the relative mean error (%) for the elemental analyses for both direct HNO3-H2O2 and Ash-HNO3-H2O2 digestion methods. Well ground, larger pellet samples (10–20 μm and ∼1.0 g) demonstrated good agreement between two digestion methods. The precision of the analysis with ICP-MS was evaluated by repeatability standard deviation (Sr) measurements. The ratio of Sr(Dir)/Sr(Ash) was between 0.29 and 2.78, implying very good agreement between the two digestion methods. The elemental compositions of 30-pellet samples were analyzed, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was within 10% for both methods. Since the direct digestion method requires fewer steps, it was chosen as the preferred method. Thus, this work suggests the need for a reevaluation of the current standard method such that the sample size would increase and better grinding to finer particle sizes would be employed to ensure reliable measurements of the wood pellets’ elemental contents.