gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multisource seismic apparition (2017)

We show how to separate data acquired with multiple sources using the principle of signal apparition. Explicit relations are derived as well as an algorithmic formulation for how partial reconstructions can be computed within non-overlapping regions in the FK-domain. We illustrate the separations procedure on synthetic data in the cases of four sources. The number of sources that can be separated is directly related to the inline source sampling, and we illustrate this by successfully separating 50 sources in a simulation with high inline source sampling. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 11:25 AM Location: 371F Presentation Type: ORAL
Shaped fiber tips for medical and industrial applications (2004)

Shaped fiber tips are machined or sculpted fiber ends which are formed using the glass from the fiber with no additional glass material. The tips are fabricated through either mechanical or laser machining processes. The tips are very useful in medical and industrial applications which require high power laser delivery (material or tissue cutting), even light distribution over a broad area (tissue ablation or photodynamic therapy), modified beam divergence or spot size (materials processing and communications links), or optical power redirection from the axis of the fiber in areas with small space restrictions (tissue ablation or perforations inside the human body). Descriptions of various shaped tips are provided, with concentration on tapered tips. The tapered tip is the most commonly used. The primary objective of this study was to measure the optical loss of such tapers vs. taper length, input (launch) numerical aperture (NA), and fiber diameter. The tapers fabricated and analyzed were 2:1 tapers using 0.22 NA fibers with 200, 400, and 500 um cores. The optical loss at 633nm for fibers with a 0.22 NA was measured to be 5.9dB (25% transmission) for a fully filled input NA and 0.8 dB (83% transmission) for a 0.12 input NA. The taper loss was found to depend strongly on input NA, but be relatively independent of taper length and fiber diameter. An optical modeling ray trace program was used to analyze the taper performance and validate the actual measurements. The modeling analysis will be a useful tool in design of tapers as well as other shaped fiber tips.
Insulin-like growth factor I receptor prevents apoptosis and enhances neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. (1996)

Autocrine stimulation of the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) by IGF-II is one mechanism that allows cancer cells to maintain unregulated growth and to resist programmed cell death (PCD). SH-SY5Y and SHEP cells are cloned human neuroblastoma (NBL) lines originating from a single primary tumor. SH-SY5Y cells, which express abundant cell surface IGF-IR and produce IGF-II, exhibit serum independent growth and resist PCD due to hypoxia and hyperosmolar conditions. In contrast, SHEP cells, which produce no IGF-II and express five-fold fewer IGF-IRs, die in serum-free media or following exposure to metabolic stressors. To better understand the roles of IGF-IR and its ligand, IGF-II, in NBL carcinogenesis, we stably transfected SHEP cells with either IGF-II or IGF-IR. Unregulated expression of IGF-II did not alter the growth characteristics of SHEP/human IGF-II transfectants. In contrast, overexpression of IGF-IR allowed SHEP/IGF-IR transfectants to survive in media supplemented only by IGF-II. IGF-IR abundance correlated in a graded fashion with resistance to PCD in response to three different death-inducing paradigms: mitogen withdrawal, hyperosmolar metabolic stress, and treatment with etoposide. Our results suggest that adjuvant therapy aimed at reducing IGF-IR abundance may enhance chemotherapy-coupled apoptosis in the treatment of NBL.
No Evidence for Tissue-Specific Adaptation of Synonymous Codon Usage in Humans (2005)

It has been proposed that the synonymous codon usage of human tissue-specific genes was under selective pressure to modulate the expression of proteins by codon-mediated translational control (Plotkin, J. B., H. Robins, and A. J. Levine. 2004. Tissue-specific codon usage and the expression of human genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:12588-12591.) To test this model, we analyzed by internal correspondence analysis the codon usage of 2,126 human tissue-specific genes expressed in 18 different tissues. We confirm that synonymous codon usage differs significantly between the tissues. However, the effect is very weak: the variability of synonymous codon usage between tissues represents only 2.3% of the total codon usage variability. Moreover, this variability is directly linked to isochore-scale (>100 kb) variability of GC-content that affect both coding and introns or intergenic regions. This demonstrates that variations of synonymous codon usage between tissue-specific genes expressed in different tissues are due to regional variations of substitution patterns and not to translational selection.
Deletions in epidermal keratins leading to alterations in filament organization in vivo and in intermediate filament assembly in vitro. (1990)

To investigate the sequences important for assembly of keratins into 10-nm filaments, we used a combined approach of (a) transfection of mutant keratin cDNAs into epithelial cells in vivo, and (b) in vitro assembly of mutant and wild-type keratins. Keratin K14 mutants missing the nonhelical carboxy- and amino-terminal domains not only integrated without perturbation into endogenous keratin filament networks in vivo, but they also formed 10-nm filaments with K5 in vitro. Surprisingly, keratin mutants missing the highly conserved L L E G E sequence, common to all intermediate filament proteins and found at the carboxy end of the alpha-helical rod domain, also assembled into filaments with only a somewhat reduced efficiency. Even a carboxy K14 mutant missing approximately 10% of the rod assembled into filaments, although in this case filaments aggregated significantly. Despite the ability of these mutants to form filaments in vitro, they often perturbed keratin filament organization in vivo. In contrast, small truncations in the amino-terminal end of the rod domain more severely disrupted the filament assembly process in vitro as well as in vivo, and in particular restricted elongation. For both carboxy and amino rod deletions, the more extensive the deletion, the more severe the phenotype. Surprisingly, while elongation could be almost quantitatively blocked with large mutations, tetramer formation and higher ordered lateral interactions still occurred. Collectively, our in vitro data (a) provide a molecular basis for the dominance of our mutants in vivo, (b) offer new insights as to why different mutants may generate different phenotypes in vivo, and (c) delineate the limit sequences necessary for K14 to both incorporate properly into a preexisting keratin filament network in vivo and assemble efficiently into 10-nm keratin filaments in vitro.
Mechanisms of metallo-organic vapor phase epitaxy and routes to an ultraviolet-assisted process (1985)

Ultraviolet irradiation during deposition has been reported to improve the morphology and increase the growth rate of GaAs epitaxial layers produced by metallo-organic vapor phase epitaxy. In order to optimize and control these effects for technological applications it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of metallo-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). This paper reviews the current state of knowledge relevant to the UV intervention in InP growth. Preliminary experiments on the effect of UV in this system suggest that it may be increasing the mobility of the adsorbed reactant species.
A Full-Range of 3D Body Scanning Solutions (2012)

TELMAT extends its range of 3D body scanning solutions named SYMCAD to fulfill a wide scope of applications in the apparel and fashion industry (retail shops, tailor-made clothing shops, online catalog shopping, body size measurement surveys) as well as in ergonomics (anthropometric studies), sport, health and fitness, entertainment, etc.
Gain-distribution measurements along an ultralong erbium-doped fiber amplifier using optical-time-domain reflectometry (1990)

Optical gain changes as a function of distance along a long distributed erbium-doped fiber amplifier were measured, using optical-time-domain reflectometry. Two dispersion-shifted erbium-doped fibers with fiber lengths of 9-19 km and doping concentrations of 0.5 (0.5 x 10(-4) wt %) and 0.1 (0.1 x 10(-4) Wt %) parts in 10(6) have been tested, using 1.48-microm InGaAsP laser diode and 0.98-microm Ti:sapphire laser pump sources. It is shown how local gain and loss change with an increase in pump power.
New Vector Innovation for Drug Delivery: Development of Fusigenic Non- Viral Particles (2003)

Efficient and minimally invasive drug delivery systems have been developed to treat intractable human diseases. One approach has been the development of chimeric vector systems combining at least two different vector systems. Based on this concept, chimeric drug delivery systems that combine viral and non-viral features have been developed. Fusigenic non-viral particles have been constructed by conferring viral fusion proteins onto non-viral vectors. HVJ (hemagglutinating virus of Japan; Sendai virus)-liposomes were constructed by the combination of DNA-loaded liposomes with a fusigenic envelope derived from HVJ (hemagglutinating virus of Japan, Sendai virus). Reconstituted HVJ-liposomes were also developed by the insertion of isolated fusion proteins of HVJ into DNA-loaded liposomes. Recently, the technology has been developed to incorporate macromolecules directly into inactivated HVJ particles without liposomes. The resulting HVJ envelope vector introduced plasmid DNA, efficiently and rapidly into both cultured cells in vitro and organs in vivo. Furthermore, proteins, synthetic oligonucleotides and drugs have also been effectively introduced into cells using the HVJ envelope vector. The HVJ envelope vector will be a promising tool for both ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy experiments.
Pharmacological Activities of Mango (Mangifera Indica): A Review (2016)

Mangoes (Mangifera indica) belong to genus Mangifera which consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. It is cultivated on an area of approximately 3.7 million ha worldwide and conquers the second position as a tropical crop, in terms of production. According to ayurveda, varied medicinal properties are attributed to different parts of mango tree. Mango possesses anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory properties. Various effects like antibacterial, anti-fungal, anthelmintic, anti- parasitic, anticancer, anti HIV, antibone resorption, antispasmodic, antipyretic, antidiarrheal, immunomodulation, hypolipidemic, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, gastro protective have also been studied.
Relative Entropy as a Measure of Diagnostic Information (1999)

Relative entropy is a concept within information theory that provides a measure of the distance between two probability distributions. The author proposes that the amount of information gained by performing a diagnostic test can be quantified by calculating the relative entropy between the posttest and pretest probability distributions. This statistic, in essence, quantifies the degree to which the results of a diagnostic test are likely to reduce our surprise upon ultimately learning a patient's diagnosis. A previously proposed measure of diagnostic information that is also based on information theory (pretest entropy minus posttest entropy) has been criticized as failing, in some cases, to agree with our intuitive concept of diagnostic information. The proposed formula passes the tests used to challenge this previous measure.
Prodrug Approach for Increasing Cellular Glutathione Levels (2010)

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein thiol in mammalian cells and the preferred substrate for several enzymes in xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant defense. It plays an important role in many cellular processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. GSH deficiency has been observed in aging and in a wide range of pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders and cystic fibrosis (CF), as well as in several viral infections. Use of GSH as a therapeutic agent is limited because of its unfavorable biochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Several reports have provided evidence for the use of GSH prodrugs able to replenish intracellular GSH levels. This review discusses different strategies for increasing GSH levels by supplying reversible bioconjugates able to cross the cellular membrane more easily than GSH and to provide a source of thiols for GSH synthesis.
Virtual array design for array interpolation using differential geometry (2004)

In array interpolation, the optimal design of the virtual array geometry is still an open question. It is usually done heuristically by placing a virtual ULA into the center of the original array and fitting orientation and aperture by rule of thumb. In this paper, we parameterize the array manifold by its arc length and use this representation for the design of a virtual array manifold that optimally matches the directional properties of the original array. We verify the advantages of our new design method by simulation results and give some deeper understanding about the interrelation between the interpolation error, the condition number of the interpolation matrix and the DOA estimation bias.
5250 Telnet interface (1991)

This RFC is being distributed in order to document the interface to
the IBM 5250 Telnet implementation. This memo provides information for
the Internet community. It does not specify any standard.
7,7,8,8-TETRACYANOQUINODIMETHANE AND ITS ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING ANION-RADICAL DERIVATIVES (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT7,7,8,8-TETRACYANOQUINODIMETHANE AND ITS ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING ANION-RADICAL DERIVATIVESD. S. Acker, R. J. Harder, W. R. Hertler, W. Mahler, L. R. Melby, R. E. Benson, and W. E. MochelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 24, 6408–6409Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01509a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01509a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1299Altmetric-Citations245LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antioxidant Activity of Caffeic Acid through a Novel Mechanism under UVA Irradiation (2009)

Effect of caffeic acid on the formation of hydroxyl radicals was examined during xanthone-mediated photosensitization. The reaction was performed on irradiation (lambda = 365 nm) of the standard reaction mixture containing 15 microM xanthone, 0.1 M 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with spin trapping. Caffeic acid inhibited the formation of hydroxyl radicals. Caffeic acid hardly scavenged both hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals under conditions employed in this paper in spite of its ability to act as a hydrogen donor or a reagent for the aromatic hydroxylation, because high concentration of DMPO trapped hydroxyl radicals overwhelmingly. Furthermore, caffeic acid inhibited the formation of hydroxyl radicals in the standard reaction mixture with EDTA under UVA irradiation. Accordingly, the inhibitory effect of caffeic acid on the formation of hydroxyl radicals in the standard reaction mixture under UVA irradiation is not due to its ability to chelate iron. Thus, the inhibitory effect of caffeic acid seems to occur in the standard reaction mixture under UVA irradiation through a novel antioxidation activity, i.e., ability to quench the exited xanthone.
Flip Chip Technology: A Method for Providing Known Good Die with High Density Interconnections (2005)

Flip chip interconnections provide the highest interconnection density possible which makes this technology very attractive for use with multichip modules. However, several factors have hindered the use of this technology. These factors include the availability of bumped wafers and the inability to test and bum-in bumped chips before they are assembled onto a multichip module. MCNC has addressed both of these concerns by establishing a wafer bumping facility and by developing a method for the test and burn-in of bare die. The solder bump formation is based upon an electroplating process. The test and burn-in of bumped chips is accomplished using a unique process which utilizes a temporary metallurgical attachment to a test substrate. These processes are described in detail in the following sections.
시각적 표상을 활용한 수감각 교수가 지적장애 학생의 기본 덧셈과 뺄셈 성취도에 미치는 영향 (2020)

[목적] 본 연구는 수와 양의 관계를 관련짓는데 어려움을 보이는 지적장애 학생의 기본적인 덧셈과 뺄셈 성취를 향상시키는 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이 연구는 시각적 표상을 활용한 수감각 교수가 지적장애의 기본 덧셈과 뺄셈 성취도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 이를 위해 G초등학교 특수학급에 재학 중인 지적장애 3명을 대상으로 단일대상연구 대상자 간 중다간헐기초선을 설계하였다. [결과] 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시각적 표상을 활용한 수감각 교수는 지적장애 초등학생의 기본 덧셈 능력을 향상시켰다. 덧셈 사용한 시각적 표상은 10수판과 도미노 패턴이다. 이러한 시각적 표상은 수에 추상성을 구체화하여 지적장애 학생에게 수와 수량의 연결을 강화하여 덧셈 성취에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 시각적 표상을 활용한 수감각 교수는 지적장애 초등학생의 기본 뺄셈 능력을 향상시켰다. 10수판과 도미도 패턴을 활용하여 뺄셈을 시각화하는 활동은 지적장애 학생에게 뺄셈의 개념적인 이해를 높이고 시각적으로 표상하게 하여 지적장애 학생 뺄셈 성취에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 보인다. [결론] 지적장애 학생은 수에 대한 추상성의 어려움으로 일반적으로 뺄셈과 덧셈의 성취에 어려움을 경험한다. 그러나 수에 대한 시각적 표상을 활용하여 수가 갖는 의미를 발달시키고 수 사이의 관계를 탐구하는 수감각 활동을 통해 기본 덧셈과 뺄셈의 성취를 향상시킬 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 지적장애 학생에게 시각적 표상을 활용한 수감각 교수가 효과적인 교수방법으로 활용될 수 있음을 의미한다. 앞으로 진행될 후속연구에 본 연구가 기초적인 자료를 제공함으로써 지적장애 학생의 효과적인 덧셈 뺄셈 지도에 관한 보다 활발한 연구가 지속되기를 기대한다.
Interleaver design for turbo codes based on the performance of iterative decoding (2003)

The performance of a turbo code is dependent on two properties of the code: its distance spectrum and its suitability to be iteratively decoded. Both these properties are dependent on the specific interleaver used in the turbo-coding scheme. This paper describes a strategy for interleaver design that includes a criterion for the performance of iterative decoding. This criterion is based upon correlation properties of the extrinsic information, which is used as a priori inputs to the constituent decoders. Simulations comparing interleaver choices indicate an improved turbo code performance for interleavers designed with algorithms including a correlation criterion.
Effects of phosphate on the dissociation and enzymic stability of rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of phosphate on the dissociation and enzymic stability of rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenaseStephen J. Lovell and Donald J. WinzorCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 17, 3527–3531Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00714a018https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00714a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views375Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Emergence of Drug Transporter-Mediated Multidrug Resistance to Cancer Chemotherapy (2011)

Chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective ways to treat metastatic cancers. However, of the various mechanisms that are involved in conferring resistance, upregulation of drug efflux ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCC1) and ABCG2, has become a major obstacle to cancer chemotherapy and seriously affects the clinical outcome. To date, at least 15 ABC drug transporters have been identified and characterized to transport and confer resistance to practically the entire spectrum of cancer drugs, causing multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancers. Unfortunately, despite decades of research, there is still no real solution to MDR. This review highlights some of the major findings, the roles and problems associated with MDR-linked ABC drug transporters in metastatic cancers and solid tumors, and the current strategies to improve the clinical outcome in cancer chemotherapy.
Exact Sampling and Decoding in High-Order Hidden Markov Models (2012)

We present a method for exact optimization and sampling from high order Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), which are generally handled by approximation techniques. Motivated by adaptive rejection sampling and heuristic search, we propose a strategy based on sequentially refining a lower-order language model that is an upper bound on the true model we wish to decode and sample from. This allows us to build tractable variable-order HMMs. The ARPA format for language models is extended to enable an efficient use of the max-backoff quantities required to compute the upper bound. We evaluate our approach on two problems: a SMS-retrieval task and a POS tagging experiment using 5-gram models. Results show that the same approach can be used for exact optimization and sampling, while explicitly constructing only a fraction of the total implicit state-space. 1
Clean and Facile Solution Synthesis of Iron(III)‐Entrapped γ‐Alumina Nanosorbents for Arsenic Removal (2008)

Iro (III)-entrapped gamma-alumina nanosorbents were prepared by an environmentally benign method using an ionothermal process based on an ionic liquid to synthesize the gamma-alumina host and a sonochemical method to entrap the iron(III) guest. The morphology of the alumina depends on the aluminum precursor used, giving aligned bundled and randomly debundled gamma-alumina nanorods as well as wormlike mesoporous alumina. In particular, the rodlike structure shows significantly greater mesoporosity than the wormlike porous gamma-alumina structure. Moreover, entrapment of iron(III) in the gamma-alumina nanosorbents with randomly debundled rodlike structures leads to the greatest AsV removal capacity and the fastest adsorption rate as compared to the other FeIII-entrapped adsorbents, as a result of its larger surface area and pore sizes. Thus, this method provides a clean and effective route to an advanced host-guest adsorbent system for application in the removal of arsenic from drinking water.