gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Camptothecin: Therapeutic Potential and Biotechnology (2007)

Camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives have been received considerable attention recently. Two semi-synthetic derivatives, topotecan and irinotecan, are currently prescribed as anticancer drugs. Several more are now in clinical trial. CPT is produced in many plants belonging to unrelated orders of angiosperms. At present, CPT supplied for pharmaceutical use is extracted from the plants, Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes foetida. Several efforts have been made to sustain a stable production of CPT by in vitro cell cultures of C. acuminata, N. foetida and Ophiorrhiza pumila. Recent report showed that plants are not the only sources that produce CPT. CPT was reported to be produced from the endophytic fungus isolated from the inner bark of N. foetida. The hairy root cultures of C. acuminata and O. pumila produce and secrete CPT into the medium in large quantities. These reports suggest the possibility to develop large-scale production of CPT. In addition, recent advance in the cloning and characterization of biosynthetic enzymes involved in CPT biosynthetic pathway provides valuable information for developing genetically engineered CPT-producing plants.
Higher-mode cutoff in elliptical dielectric waveguides (1979)

The conditions for higher-mode cutoff in dielectric wave-guides of elliptical cross-section are derived. A table of values of the waveguide parameter V at higher-mode cutoff is given together with a curve showing the variation with ellipticity from circular to slab guide.
Characterizing tumor-promoting T cells in chemically induced cutaneous carcinogenesis (2007)

There is a longstanding but poorly understood epidemiologic link between inflammation and cancer. Consistent with this, we previously showed that alphabeta T cell deficiency can increase resistance to chemical carcinogenesis initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene and promoted by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. This provoked the hypothesis that alphabeta T cell deficiency removed T regulatory cells that limit the anti-tumor response or removed a specific tumor-promoting (T-pro) T cell population. Here we provide evidence for the latter, identifying a novel CD8(+) subset that is a candidate for T-pro cells. We demonstrate that CD8 cell-deficient mice show substantially less tumor incidence and progression to carcinoma, whereas susceptibility is restored by CD8(+) cell reconstitution. To characterize the putative T-pro cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were isolated from normal and CD4(-/-) mice, revealing an activated population of T cell receptor alphabeta(+)CD8(+)CD44(+)CD62L(-) cells expressing the inflammatory mediators IFNgamma, TNFalpha, and cyclooxygenase-2, but deficient in perforin, relative to recirculating cells of equivalent phenotype. This novel population of CD8(+) T cells has intriguing similarities with other lymphocytes that have been associated with tissue growth and invasiveness and has implications for inflammation-associated carcinogenesis, models of cancer immunosurveillance, and immunotherapeutic strategies.
Parallel Support Vector Machines on Multi-Core and Multiprocessor Systems (2011)

International audience
A Novel Quorum Based Location Management for Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Sinks (2009)

Location service provides position of mobile destination to source node so that position based routing can be applied. Several quorum-based location services have been proposed. These location service protocols suffer from complex structure with high overhead, or host location foreknowledge, and difficulty in quorum construction. To overcome those deficiencies, we propose a novel quorum-based location service. In the proposed scheme, location databases are stored in the network nodes themselves, which form a self-organizing virtual backbone network. Quorum system is constructed on the virtual backbone network in conformity to irregular grid rule. Every mobile node will notify its location update information to irregular grid quorum system so that other hosts can obtain the mobile node location through irregular grid quorum system. The simulation results show that our proposed location service leads to high success rate, appropriate quorum size and good load.
Note—Lot-Sizing and Sequencing Delays (1987)

In production scheduling, time performance is usually taken to be the province of sequencing models which take task processing times to be given. However, in practice, processing times can often be controlled by the choice of lot sizes which thus have a major impact on makespan, waiting times, flow times and other measures. Here the interface between lot sizing and sequencing is introduced and the effect of lot sizes on makespan and flow times is qualitatively analyzed.
More than 1 Gb/in/sup 2/ recording on obliquely oriented thin film tape (2000)

We discuss the possibility of attaining more than 1 Gb/in/sup 2/ recording in helical scanning tape storage system based on obliquely oriented metal evaporated tapes. A demonstration of 1 Gb/in/sup 2/ recording using an inductive MIG type head is described. Other experimental results show that the obliquely oriented Co-O tapes are endowed with recording resolution potential beyond several Gb/in/sup 2/, but playback signal-to-noise challenges still remain. Applying more sensitive magneto-resistive heads in the helical scanning tape system requires significant innovation in the system to overcome crucial issues of contact recording as well as re-optimization of the magnetic properties of the tape.
System on chip with 1.12mW-32Gb/s AC-coupled 3D memory interface (2009)

An AC-coupled 3D memory interface for chip-to-chip communication is implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology. It transfers 128 bit words between stacked SRAMs in an ARM-based System on Chip (SoC) platform at 250 MHz. This interface requires 0.05 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of occupation area and achieves a 32 Gbit/sec of throughput and an average energy consumption of 35 muW/Gbit/sec.
Evidence for the gamma‐amino‐butyric acid type B receptor 1 (<i>GABBR1</i>) gene as a susceptibility factor in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (2005)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a well-recognized severe neuropsychiatric illness. Genetic factors are believed to be important etiologically. Although historically genetic testing has focused on the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, there is increasing evidence that the major inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), may also be functionally involved. Furthermore the GABA type B receptor 1 (GABBR1) gene has been localized to chromosome 6p21.3 region, which has shown linkage to OCD. We investigated five polymorphisms (A-7265G substitution; C10497G substitution; A33795G substitution in the 3'-UTR; Ser-491-Ser-T1473C transition; Phe-659-Phe-T1977C transition) in the GABBR1 gene in a sample of 159 DSM-IV OCD probands and their families, using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). A trend was observed with an over-transmission of -7265A allele at the A-7265G polymorphism and OCD (chi2 = 3.270, P = 0.071). Moreover, the TDT haplotype analysis using TRANSMIT showed a trend toward association with the haplotype of the five polymorphisms together [2.1.1.2.1 (A-7265G.C10497G.Ser-491-Ser.Phe-659-Phe.A33795G)] with a Chi-square value of 3.418, which corresponds to a P-value of 0.065 (overall chi2 = 6.353, 5 df, P = 0.273). Moreover, a trend was observed for the total Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale score in the A-7265G polymorphism (-7265A: z = 1.934, P = 0.053) using the Family-Based Association Test, considering the diagnosis of OCD and then the clinically relevant quantitative phenotypes. The observed trends suggest that further investigations of the role of the GABBR1 gene in OCD are warranted.
Pioneering work in the field of computer process control (1995)

Dreams of using digital computers in industrial control systems surfaced almost as soon as such a computer was invented in the mid to late 1940s. By the early fifties, the concepts of such use were fairly well established. However, actual applications had to wait until relatively small, reliable, and also relatively inexpensive machines were available, along with vendor companies with the will and the initiative to pursue this field vigorously Such a company was the Ramo-Wooldridge Company, which entered this field in the mid-fifties. The company found ready acceptance of its products among the companies in the process industries. By the mid-sixties, there were installations in almost every process industry and many other vendors had entered the field. Such installations became the norm for computer applications to industrial control until the microprocessor and its associated distributed computer control systems superseded them beginning in the mid-seventies. The article chronicles the development of this early field by describing several of the early installations and their successes and difficulties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structural biofilm resistance of carbon‐infiltrated carbon nanotube coatings (2021)

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of orthopedic implant surgeries, such as total knee and hip arthroplasties. Treatment requires additional surgeries because antibiotics have limited efficacy due to biofilm formation and resistant bacterial strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A non-pharmaceutical approach is needed, and examples of this are found in nature; dragonfly and cicada wings are antibacterial because of their nanopillar surface structure rather than their chemistry. Carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotube (CICNT) surfaces exhibit a similar nanopillar structure, and have been shown to facilitate osseointegration, and it is postulated that they might provide a structurally-derived resistance to bacterial proliferation and biofilm formation. The objective of this study was to test the biofilm resistance of CICNT coatings. Two types of CICNT were produced: a vertically aligned CNT forest on a silicon substrate using a layer of iron as the catalyst (CICNT-Si) and a random-oriented CNT forest on stainless steel (SS) substrate using the substrate as the catalyst (CICNT-SS). These were tested against SS and carbon controls. After 48 h in an MRSA biofilm reactor, samples demonstrated that both types of CICNT coatings significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced MRSA biofilm formation by 60%-80%. Morphologically, biofilm presence on both types of CICNT was also significantly reduced. Clinical Significance: Results suggest that a CICNT surface modification could be suitable and advantageous for medical devices susceptible to MRSA cell attachment and biofilm proliferation, particularly orthopedic implants.
Specific protein and glycoprotein deficiencies in platelets isolated from two patients with the gray platelet syndrome (1982)

The gray platelet syndrome is a rare inherited platelet disorder characterized by the absence of alp ha-granules as observed by electron microscopy. Analysis of the glycoprotein composition of the platelets of 2 such patients by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed decreased or absent staining for carbohydrate of several high molecular weight glycoproteins. The major periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining membrane glycoproteins were normally detected and were normally labeled with 125I during lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination. Analysis of the protein composition of gray platelets by single or two- dimensional SDS-PAGE followed by Coomassie blue staining revealed an apparent absence of GP Ig (thrombospondin), markedly reduced platelet fibrinogen and albumin concentrations, and severely reduced levels of 2 low molecular weight polypeptides exhibiting identical rates of migration on SDS-PAGE as platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin. SDS-PAGE profiles similar to those of the gray platelets were observed with normal human platelets that had undergone the release reaction induced by thrombin. Analysis of gray platelet proteins by crossed immunoelectrophoresis using a rabbit anti-human platelet antibody preparation and rocket immunoelectrophoresis using monospecific antisera confirmed the above findings and showed additional severe deficiencies of factor VIIIR:Ag and cold-insoluble globulin. In contrast, factor XIII (subunit A), a cytoplasmic protein, was normally detected. Our studies provide further evidence that circulating gray platelets specifically lack, or have markedly decreased concentrations of, the alpha-granule proteins.
Characterization of the Spray Velocities from a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler (2008)

The mean spray velocities were shown to be bimodal in time, with two velocity peaks and velocity magnitudes found to be much lower than published data from instantaneous single point measurements. Planar velocity data at each time step were analyzed to produce prescriptive velocity profiles suitable for use in numerical simulations. Spray geometry data are also reported. Statistical comparisons from several thousand individual spray events indicate that there is no significant difference in measured velocity among (1) two brands of pMDI canisters, (2) two pMDIs of the same brand but having different lot numbers, and (3) a full pMDI versus an almost empty pMDI. The addition of a secondary air flow of 30 SLPM (to represent simultaneous inhalation and spray actuation) deflected the spray downward but did not have a significant effect on flow velocity. Further experiments with an added cylindrical spacer revealed that within the spacer, the spray direction and cone angle were altered, although the peak velocities remained similar.
Priming approaches to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies (2019)

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been widely explored for cell-based therapy of immune-mediated, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases, due to their immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory, and regenerative potentials. Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results although these have been somewhat limited. Aspects such as low in vivo MSC survival in inhospitable disease microenvironments, requirements for ex vivo cell overexpansion prior to infusions, intrinsic differences between MSC and different sources and donors, variability of culturing protocols, and potency assays to evaluate MSC products have been described as limitations in the field. In recent years, priming approaches to empower MSC have been investigated, thereby generating cellular products with improved potential for different clinical applications. Herein, we review the current priming approaches that aim to increase MSC therapeutic efficacy. Priming with cytokines and growth factors, hypoxia, pharmacological drugs, biomaterials, and different culture conditions, as well as other diverse molecules, are revised from current and future perspectives.
A Computational Model of the Pregnant Occupant: Effects of Restraint Usage and Occupant Position on Fetal Injury Risk (2005)

Automobile crashes are the largest single cause of death for pregnant and the leading cause of traumatic fetal injury mortality in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to present a validated model of a 30 week pregnant occupant and to examine the risk of fetal injury in frontal crashes. The pregnant uterine model was imported into MADYMO 6.0 and included in the 5th percentile female human body model using membrane elements to serve as ligaments and facet surfaces for the overlying skin. A simulation matrix of 17 tests was developed to predict fetal outcome and included frontal crash impulses from minor (&lt;24 kph), to moderate (24-48 kph), and severe (&gt;48 kph) crashes for the driver and passenger occupant positions. The test matrix also included various restraint combinations: no restraint, lap belt, 3-point belt, 3-point with airbag, and airbag only. Overall, the highest risk for fetal death was seen in higher speed frontal accidents in the driver position for all restraint conditions. The peak uterine strain was reduced by 26 % to 54 % for the passenger position versus the driver position. This difference was due primarily to driver interaction with the steering wheel. For all impact directions, the maternal injury indices were greatest for the unrestrained occupant. In addition, the possibility of direct fetal brain injury from inertial loading alone appears possible and a component that should be included in further models. The current modeling effort has verified previous experimental findings regarding the importance of proper restraint use for the pregnant occupant.
Using Residential AC Load Control in Grid Operations: PG&E's Ancillary Service Pilot (2013)

This paper summarizes the results from a PG&E pilot designed to assess the ability to use air conditioner direct load control to provide ancillary services. The study included nearly 2000 residential households with control devices that were instructed to cause an immediate and complete shutdown of the air conditioner compressor 71 times over a two and half month period. It summarizes the start and total ramp time of AC load response, the magnitude of the response, the effect of the curtailments on customer comfort and satisfaction, and the approach to providing near real time visibility of the air conditioner electricity demand [1].
A SERRATED DISCISSION NEEDLE (1940)

Operators conversant with the needling operation for secondary cataract or for iridocapsulotomy or iridotomy know that owing to the texture of the membranes involved or to their flexibility or mobility it is at times difficult to make the proper cut. The discission needle will slide over the margin of the capsule and push the capsule aside instead of cutting through it, as is necessary for a good opening. In order to secure a good aperture in the capsule, a triangular cut as advocated by Ziegler should be made. The failings of the smooth-edged knife needle were responsible for the thought that an instrument with a serrated edge might overcome some of these shortcomings and give a "hold," so to speak, as the needle is drawn across the membrane. As a consequence, the discission needle herein described is offered. A good knife needle should have a proper point for the puncture
TRANSFER OF TRIPLET STATE ENERGY AND THE CHEMISTRY OF EXCITED STATES (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTRANSFER OF TRIPLET STATE ENERGY AND THE CHEMISTRY OF EXCITED STATESF. WilkinsonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 12, 2569–2574Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100818a056https://doi.org/10.1021/j100818a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views770Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Re-epithelialization of Human Oral Keratinocytes in vitro (1996)

Re-epithelialization involves interactions between keratinocytes and the extracellular matrix upon which these cells move. It is hypothesized that keratinocytes are activated when wounded, and the resultant phenotypic change directs re-epithelialization. We have adapted organotypic cultures, in which oral gingival keratinocytes are fully differentiated, to study re-epithelialization following wounding. To elucidate keratinocyte behavior and phenotype during re-epithelialization, we have investigated this process in the presence and absence of the growth factor TGF-beta 1 and have monitored expression of MMP-1 (Type I collagenase) mRNA by in situ hybridization. In addition, we have followed proliferation and migration of wound keratinocytes by genetically marking these cells with a retroviral vector and by measuring their proliferative index. We found that keratinocytes grown without TGF-beta 1 were hyperproliferative in response to wounding, and re-epithelialization was complete by 24 h. However, 2.5 ng/mL TGF-beta 1 induced a transient delay in re-epithelialization, a reduction in proliferation, and fewer clusters of genetically marked cells. Keratinocytes expressed MMP-1 mRNA only when they covered the wounded surface, suggesting that the cells acquire a collagenolytic phenotype during re-epithelialization and that contact with different ECM components may modulate keratinocyte expression of MMP-1. We conclude that the phenotype of oral keratinocytes is altered during re-epithelialization in vitro and that this process is modulated by TGF-beta 1. Re-epithelialization occurs as keratinocytes are activated to move over the wound bed. Understanding the phenotype of wounded keratinocytes may facilitate treatment of chronic oral wounds and periodontal disease.
Spectrophotometric Methods For The Determination Of Sparfloxacin In Pharmaceutical Forms (2000)

Two simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods (method A and method B) have been developed for the determination of sparfloxacln in bulkand in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Method A is based on an observation that methanolic solution of sparfloxacin exhibits an absorbance maximum of 295.2 nm and method B Is based on diazotisation of sparfloxacin with nitrous acid followed by its coupling with resorcinol in alkaline medium, to form a colored chromogen with an absorbance maximum of 450 nm. The methods are statistically validated and found to be precise and accurate.