gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential modulation of nitric oxide production by curcumin in host macrophages and NK cells (2000)

Curcumin, the yellow pigment from Curcuma longa, has been shown to possess tumoricidal activity. We have earlier reported the induction of apoptosis in AK-5, rat histiocytic cells by curcumin leading to the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. In this study we have observed differential activation status in host macrophages and NK cells induced by curcumin during the spontaneous regression of subcutaneously transplanted AK-5 tumors. Closer scrutiny of the cytokine profile and nitric oxide (NO) production by immune cells showed an initial downregulation of Th1 cytokine response and NO production by macrophages, and their upregulation in NK cells, which picked-up upon prolonged treatment with curcumin, culminating in a stronger tumoricidal effect. These studies suggest that the host macrophages and NK cells play an important modulatory role in the remission of AK-5 tumor.
[Genetic analysis of NS1 fragment of human H5N1 influenza virus isolated in Anhui province and its expression in Escherichia coli]. (2007)

NS1 gene was amplified from an H5N1 influenza virus, A/Anhui/01/2005 for cloning, sequence analysis and later expression in Escherichia coli. The result showed that NS1 of A/Anhui/01/2005 strain had the close phylogenetic relationship with that of H5N1 avian influenza strains recently isolated in Fujian and Hunan. Correspondingly, its amino acid sequence showed the highest homology with that of Fujian and Hunan strains. The amino acid position of 92 involved in virus virulence was Asp, contrast to Glu in A/HK/156/97. Five amino acid deletion from 80 to 84 was also found in A/Anhui/01/2005, which was considered as a contributor to virus resistance against cytokine, such as IFN, TNF, etc. A motif binding to CBSF, conveted to GFWEN, which was different from previous GLEWN found in other 19 strains. Besides, the PL motif of ESEV, binding to PDZ domain, is the same as previous high-mortality H5N1 isolates. Furthermore, this NS1 was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli and the highly purified product demonstrated wonderful activity as confirmed by Western blot. As a result, the work paves the way for further understanding the role of NSI in human H5N1 infection and development of new antiviral drugs against influenza virus.
Hedgehog signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in various types of cancer (2011)

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is an important factor in growth and patterning during embryonic development. A mutation in Patched, Smoothened or Gli1, which regulate the Hh signaling pathway, might lead to the onset of glioblastoma, basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Recently, Hh signaling has been reported to be activated in a ligand-dependent manner, contributing to carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Hedgehog signaling is reactivated in various types of cancer, and this contributes to cancer progression by facilitating proliferation, invasion and cell survival. Moreover, Hh signaling is associated with several other signaling pathways that contribute to cancer progression. These observations indicate that controlling Hh signaling might become a target for novel molecular targeting therapy.
Fingerprint Recognition System Using Artificial Neural Network as Feature Extractor: Design and Performance Evaluation (2016)

Abstract Performance of modern automated fingerprint recognition systems is heavily influenced by accuracy of their feature extraction algorithm. Nowadays, there are more approaches to fingerprint feature extraction with acceptable results. Problems start to arise in low quality conditions where majority of the traditional methods based on analyzing texture of fingerprint cannot tackle this problem so effectively as artificial neural networks. Many papers have demonstrated uses of neural networks in fingerprint recognition, but there is a little work on using them as Level-2 feature extractors. Our goal was to contribute to this field and develop a novel algorithm employing neural networks as extractors of discriminative Level-2 features commonly used to match fingerprints. In this work, we investigated possibilities of incorporating artificial neural networks into fingerprint recognition process, implemented and documented our own software solution for fingerprint identification based on neural networks whose impact on feature extraction accuracy and overall recognition rate was evaluated. The result of this research is a fully functional software system for fingerprint recognition that consists of fingerprint sensing module using high resolution sensor, image enhancement module responsible for image quality restoration, Level-1 and Level-2 feature extraction module based on neural network, and finally fingerprint matching module using the industry standard BOZORTH3 matching algorithm. For purposes of evaluation we used more fingerprint databases with varying image quality, and the performance of our system was evaluated using FMR/FNMR and ROC indicators. From the obtained results, we may draw conclusions about a very positive impact of neural networks on overall recognition rate, specifically in low quality.
Preferential enrichment: an essential crystal structure. (2001)

The crystal structure of (+/-)-[2-[4-(2-hydroxyhexyloxy)phenylcarbamoyl]ethyl]dimethylsulfonium p-chlorobenzenesulfonate [(+/-)-SCC], which failed to effect preferential enrichment due to the chemical modification of the prototype (+/-)-[2-[4-(3-ethoxy-2- hydroxypropoxy)phenylcarbamoyl]ethyl]dimethylsulfonium p-chlorobenzenesulfonate [(+/-)-SC] showing preferential enrichment, has been determined by x-ray crystallographic analysis. The crystalline form of (+/-)-SCC is not a mixed crystal of the two enantiomers, but a racemic compound. In addition, the revised crystal structures of (+/-)-[2-[4-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenylcarbamoyl]ethyl] dimethylsulfonium p-toluenesulfonate [(+/-)-ST] and (+/-)-SC, both of which showed preferential enrichment, are described. The crystal structure of (+/-)-SCC is different from that of (+/-)-SC, but very similar to that of (+/-)-ST. The formation of the crystal phase of the (+/-)-SC type, which can be followed by polymorphic transition to afford the crystal one of (+/-)-ST type if necessary, seems to be essential for successful preferential enrichment.
To adhere or not to adhere (2008)

The modulation of cell adhesion is fundamental to the morphogenesis that accompanies proper embryonic development. Cadherins are a large family of calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecules whose spatial and temporal expression is critical to the formation of the neural crest, a unique, multipotent cell type that contributes to the patterning of the vertebrate body plan. Neural crest cells arise from the embryonic ectoderm through inductive interactions and reside in the dorsal aspect of the neural tube. These cells under go an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and migrate to precise destinations in the embryo, where they go on to differentiate into such diverse structures as melanocytes, elements of the peripheral nervous system and the craniofacial skeleton. Distinct cadherins are expressed during the induction, migration and differentiation of the neural crest. With the advent of genomic sequencing, assembly and annotation for various model organisms, it has become possible to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying cadherin expression, and how these cadherins function, during neural crest development. This review explores the known roles of cadherins and details, where relevant, how different cadherins are regulated during the formation of the neural crest.
X-ray crystal spectrometer for the HANBIT mirror machine (1999)

Design study of an x-ray crystal spectrometer for the HANBIT mirror machine is presented. The x-ray emissivity of HANBIT plasmas is rather low as a result of the low values of the electron temperature and density. The design difficulty from the low x-ray emissivity can be overcome by utilizing a vacuum spectrometer sightline parallel to the long axial length of HANBIT and using an x-ray sensitive vacuum charge-coupled device camera as a detector.
A new torque and flux control method for switched reluctance motor drives (2002)

Switched reluctance (SR) motors have an intrinsic simplicity and low cost that make them well suited to many applications. However the motor's doubly salient structure and highly nonuniform torque and magnetization characteristics lead to the inability to excite the motor using conventional AC motor waveforms, or apply established AC motor rotating field theory to the motor. Furthermore, high torque ripple is inherent in the motor unless a torque ripple reduction strategy is employed. Thus, control of the motor is difficult and complex compared to other machines. Previous methods of control have fallen into two main categories: those which use a simplified linear model and those which account for the motor saturation. The simplified linear model schemes have the advantage of simplicity and tractability but are inaccurate in most practical SR drives, whereas the nonlinear schemes have the problem of high complexity and computational expensiveness which makes real-time implementation difficult. To overcome these problems, in this paper, a novel control method for the SR motor is derived from analysis of the nonuniform torque characteristics of the motor. The control method applies the philosophy of direct torque control (DTC). Unlike previous direct torque control schemes for the SR motor drive, the new method does not involve short flux patterns, a change of the motor winding configuration, or the use of a bipolar current drive. Thus, the scheme can be conveniently implemented on any normal type of SR motor drive. In addition, the scheme overcomes the problems associated with torque ripple control in the SR motor by regulating the torque output of the motor within a hysteresis band. Furthermore, the scheme is very simple and can be implemented in real-time with low cost microprocessor hardware.
The competitive effect of canavanine on utilization of arginine in growth of Walker carcinosarcoma 256 cells in vitro. (1958)

Canavanine was found to be a competitive antagonist of the utilization of arginine by Walker carcinosarcoma 256 under tissue culture conditions, with an inhibition index of 1.2 for 50 per cent of maximum growth. The tumor cells failed to utilize either ornithine or citrulline in place of arginine. Carbon-14 studies have indicated that the inhibition rests in a general interference with the utilization of arginine. Some postulates have been made concerning the absence of certain enzyme activities in the Walker 256 cells.
Deep AutoEncoder-based Lossy Geometry Compression for Point Clouds (2019)

Point cloud is a fundamental 3D representation which is widely used in real world applications such as autonomous driving. As a newly-developed media format which is characterized by complexity and irregularity, point cloud creates a need for compression algorithms which are more flexible than existing codecs. Recently, autoencoders(AEs) have shown their effectiveness in many visual analysis tasks as well as image compression, which inspires us to employ it in point cloud compression. In this paper, we propose a general autoencoder-based architecture for lossy geometry point cloud compression. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first autoencoder-based geometry compression codec that directly takes point clouds as input rather than voxel grids or collections of images. Compared with handcrafted codecs, this approach adapts much more quickly to previously unseen media contents and media formats, meanwhile achieving competitive performance. Our architecture consists of a pointnet-based encoder, a uniform quantizer, an entropy estimation block and a nonlinear synthesis transformation module. In lossy geometry compression of point cloud, results show that the proposed method outperforms the test model for categories 1 and 3 (TMC13) published by MPEG-3DG group on the 125th meeting, and on average a 73.15\% BD-rate gain is achieved.
Interferometric optical-time-domain reflectometer to determine backscattering characterization of silica-based glass waveguides (1990)

An interferometric optical-time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) system with high spatial resolution has been developed for diagnosis of optical waveguides and hybrid optical circuits. A spatial resolution as short as 14 μm is obtained by using a newly developed 1.3-μm-wavelength superluminescent diode, and a minimum detectable reflectivity of −100 dB is achieved. Scattering centers that are produced by waveguide irregularities are clearly observed in silica-based glass optical waveguides, and the loss origin of the waveguides is discussed. Also, evaluation of other waveguide characteristics, such as modal birefringence and facet reflectivity, can successfully be made by the OTDR system.
Lossless Audio Coding based on Burrows Wheeler Transform and Run Length Encoding Algorithm (2015)

In this paper we present a new lossless audio coding algorithm using Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) and Run Length Encoding (RLE).Audio signals used are assumed to be of floating point values. The BWT is applied to the audio signals to get the transformed coefficients and then these resulting coefficients are better compressed using Run Length Encoding. Two entropy coding are used which are Run Length Encoding and Huffman coding. Proposed compression algorithm is experimented and analyzed for two different stereo type audio signals. Compression ratio and Bit rate for audio coding has been used as a comparison parameter for proposed audio coding algorithm. Experimental result shows that the lossless audio coding algorithm outperforms other lossless audio coding methods; using combined Burrows Wheeler Transform & Move to front coding method ,using combined Burrows Wheeler Transform and Huffman coding method, and using Burrows Wheeler Transform ,Move to front coding method & Run Length Encoding method.
Resource usage monitoring for KVM based virtual machines (2012)

Realization of cloud computing has been possible due to availability of virtualization technologies on commodity platforms. Measuring resource usage on the virtualized servers is difficult because of the fact that the performance counters used for resource accounting are not virtualized. Hence, many of the prevalent virtualization technologies like Xen, VMware, KVM etc., use host specific CPU usage monitoring, which is coarse grained. In this paper, we present a performance monitoring tool for KVM based virtualized machines, which measures the CPU overhead incurred by the hypervisor on behalf of the virtual machine along-with the CPU usage of virtual machine itself. This fine-grained resource usage information, provided by the above tool, can be used for diverse situations like resource provisioning to support performance associated QoS requirements, identification of bottlenecks during VM placements, resource profiling of applications in cloud environments, etc. We demonstrate a use case of this tool by measuring the performance of web-servers hosted on a KVM based virtualized server.
FLZ Alleviates the Memory Deficits in Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease via Decreasing Beta-Amyloid Production and Tau Hyperphosphorylation (2013)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide and mainly characterized by the aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau. FLZ is a novel synthetic derivative of natural squamosamide and has been proved to improve memory deficits in dementia animal models. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of FLZ's neuroprotective effect in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells. The results showed that treatment with FLZ significantly improved the memory deficits of APP/PS1 transgenic mice and decreased apoptosis of SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells. FLZ markedly attenuated Aβ accumulation and tau phosphorylation both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic study showed that FLZ interfered APP processing, i.e., FLZ decreased β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) phosphorylation, APP-carboxy-terminal fragment (APP-CTF) production and β-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) expression. These results indicated that FLZ reduced Aβ production through inhibiting amyloidogenic pathway. The mechanistic study about FLZ's inhibitory effect on tau phosphorylation revealed t the involvement of Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) pathway. FLZ treatment increased Akt activity and inhibited GSK3β activity both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibitory effect of FLZ on GSK3β activity and tau phosphorylation was suppressed by inhibiting Akt activity, indicating that Akt/GSK3β pathway might be the possible mechanism involved in the inhibitory effect of FLZ on tau hyperphosphorylation. These results suggested FLZ might be a potential anti-AD drug as it not only reduced Aβ production via inhibition amyloidogenic APP processing pathway, but also attenuated tau hyperphosphoylation mediated by Akt/GSK3β.
Secure statistical databases with random sample queries (1980)

A new inference control, called random sample queries, is proposed for safeguarding confidential data in on-line statistical databases. The random sample queries control deals directly with the basic principle of compromise by making it impossible for a questioner to control precisely the formation of query sets. Queries for relative frequencies and averages are computed using random samples drawn from the query sets. The sampling strategy permits the release of accurate and timely statistics and can be implemented at very low cost. Analysis shows the relative error in the statistics decreases as the query set size increases; in contrast, the effort required to compromise increases with the query set size due to large absolute errors. Experiments performed on a simulated database support the analysis.
Differential expression of inflammation‐ and apoptosis‐related genes in spinal cords of a mutant SOD1 transgenic mouse  model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2001)

Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS)-linked mutations in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause motor neuron death through one or more acquired toxic properties. We analyzed the molecular mechanism underlying motor neuron degeneration in the transgenic mouse model expressing the SOD1 gene with G93A mutation. Using cDNA microarray, the differentially expressed genes were identified in the spinal cords of G93A mice, 30 being elevated and seven decreased. cDNA microarray analysis to monitor gene expression during neurodegeneration revealed an up-regulation of genes related to an inflammatory process, such as the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene, resulting from glial cell activation, together with the change in apoptosis-related gene expression, such as caspase-1. The increased expression of the inflammation- and apoptosis-related genes occurred at 11 weeks of age in the presymptomatic stage prior to motor neuron death. These results suggest a mechanism of neurodegeneration that includes an inflammatory response as an important component. Thus, ALS has paralleled other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and prion diseases, in which the inflammatory process is believed to participate directly in neuronal death.
Different expression of cytokines in survivors and non-survivors from MODS following cardiovascular surgery. (2003)

The results of our study show a different expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in survivors and non-survivors from MODS following operations with extracorporeal circulation. In addition to Apache-II score, especially IL-8, IL-18, and PCT may be used as parameters for the prognosis of patients with organ dysfunctions after cardiac surgery.
Superdisintegrants, Utility in Dosage Forms: A Quick Review (2011)

In dosage forms, solid orals gain maximum popularities, about 85%, because of many advantages over others. The therapeutic activity of these formulations is obtained through a typical manner like disintegration followed by dissolution. Hence disintegration has major role for facilitating drug activity and thus gain popularity among other dosage forms. In this review article, more emphasis is given on application and usage of various superdisintegrants comparing with other disintegrants in reference to available scientific studies. The various sources of superdisintegrants and their modification to improve disintegration property are also high-lighted.
Antibacterial activity of Acalypha indica L. (1960)

Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from the leaves of Acalypha indica were tested against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. All the extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive organisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 0.156 to 2.5 mg/ml. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, only the Pseudomonas aeruginosa was susceptible to the extracts.
Thermoelectric properties of individual electrodeposited bismuth telluride nanowires (2005)

For an electrodeposited bismuth telluride (BixTe1−x) nanowire from one batch with x found to be about 0.46, the Seebeck coefficient (S) was measured to be 15%–60% larger than the bulk values at temperature 300K. For four other nanowires from a different batch with x≈0.54, S was much smaller than the bulk values. The electrical conductivity of the nanowires showed unusually weak temperature dependence and the values at 300K were close to the bulk values. Below 300K, phonon-boundary scattering dominated phonon-phonon Umklapp scattering in the nanowires, reducing the lattice thermal conductivity.
Silicon Heterocyclic Compounds. III. Silicon-Substituted Spirobarbiturates<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilicon Heterocyclic Compounds. III. Silicon-Substituted Spirobarbiturates1Ralph J. Fessenden, James G. Larsen, Marvin D. Coon, and Joan S. FessendenCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1964, 7, 6, 695–698Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00336a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00336a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts