gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A double‐screening method to identify reliable candidate non‐synonymous SNPs from chicken EST data (2003)

Discovery of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNP), which cause amino acid substitutions, is important because they are more likely to alter protein function than synonymous SNPs (sSNP) or those SNPs that do not result in amino acid changes. By changing the coding sequences, nsSNP may play a role in heritable differences between individual organisms. In the chicken and many other vertebrates, the main obstacle for identifying nsSNP is that there is insufficient protein and mRNA sequence information for self-species referencing and thus, determination of the correct reading frame for expressed sequence tags (ESTs) is difficult. Therefore, in order to estimate the correct reading frame at nsSNP in chicken ESTs, a double-screening approach was designed using self- or cross-species protein referencing, in addition to the ESTScan coding region estimation programme. Starting with 23 427 chicken ESTs, 1210 potential SNPs were discovered using a phred/phrap/polyphred/consed pipeline process and among these, 108 candidate nsSNP were identified with the double screening method. A searchable SNP database (chicksnps) for the candidate chicken SNPs, including both nsSNPs and sSNPs is available at http://chicksnps.afs.udel.edu. The chicken SNP data described in this paper have been submitted to the data base SNP under National Center for Biotechnology Information assay ID ss4387050-ss4388259.
Algebraic curves that work better (2003)

An algebraic curve is defined as the zero set of a polynomial in two variables. Algebraic curves are practical for modeling shapes much more complicated than conics or superquadrics. The main drawback in representing shapes by algebraic curves has been the lack of repeatability in fitting algebraic curves to data. A regularized fast linear fitting method based on ridge regression and restricting the representation to well behaved subsets of polynomials is proposed, and its properties are investigated. The fitting algorithm is of sufficient stability for very fast position-invariant shape recognition, position estimation, and shape tracking, based on new invariants and representations, and is appropriate to open as well as closed curves of unorganized data. Among appropriate applications are shape-based indexing into image databases.
Measurement of Extinguishing Effect of Powders on Propagation of Combustion (1974)

It is well known that some inorganic powders show remarkable activities to extinguish fire. The authors proposed a kind of procedures to appreciate the activity and also to approach to the extinguishing mechanism. Propagating speed of flame was measured in the cylindrical combustion tube by the oscilloscopic patterns from the phototransistors attached on the wall (Fig. 1). The powder was poured from the funnel to be attached on the wall. Mixtures of methane and air of various pressures and components were used inflamable gases. The powder was (NH4)2HPO4 with average surface of 2.72m2/g. The examples of results were shown in Fig. 5 and 6, and Table 2. The extinguishing activity was estimated quantitatively, and its mechanism was concluded to be due to catalytic activity of surface and also partly to thermal decomposition of powder material.
Abstract C126: Exposure-response (E-R) relationship in ABT-263-induced thrombocytopenia and the effect of platelet transfusion in dogs (2009)

Abstract Background: Thrombocytopenia is the most prominent dose-limiting toxicity in animals and humans following ABT-263 administration. ABT-263 induces apoptosis, rather than lysis, of circulating platelets resulting in premature platelet senescence. This differs from typical chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia, which is related to myelosuppression. Bcl-XL is believed to play a key role in the thrombocytopenia induced by ABT-263. Platelet transfusion has been widely adopted in clinical practice when platelet count drops below 10,000/ L. The effect of platelet transfusions on circulating platelet levels have been examined in four studies in dogs. Methods: Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data from a total of 76 dogs from the four studies were analyzed sequentially. First, ABT-263 plasma concentration data in dogs were described using a two-compartment model with first-order absorption (for oral dosing only) and elimination. Then, the time courses of circulating platelet levels were described using a semi-physiological model. The model includes a progenitor compartment for proliferating blood cells linked to a series of three compartments representing the maturation chain in the bone marrow and the central circulation compartment. A feedback system is included in the model to allow the system to respond to disturbances in the platelet concentrations. It is assumed that ABT-263 increases the degradation rate of circulating platelets in a concentration-dependent manner. Results: The medians of the E-R model parameters were comparable among the studies, indicating that the E-R relationships between ABT-263 concentrations and platelet response are consistent across all four studies in dogs. Simulations using the model further supported that platelet transfusion is an effective rescue method for low platelet counts caused by ABT-263 treatment both at clinically-relevant ABT-263 concentrations (∼4 g/mL) and at the higher ABT-263 concentrations (7 g/mL) in dogs. The effects of platelet transfusion were smaller and more transient when the transfusion was administered at higher ABT-263 concentrations (7 g/mL) compared to those administered at lower ABT-263 concentrations (∼4 g/mL). Multiple transfusions are expected to produce larger and more prolonged effects on circulating platelet levels than a single transfusion. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia induced by ABT-263 in dogs is dependent on ABT-263 concentrations and could be well described by a semi-physiological E-R model. Platelet transfusion should be started after ABT-263 concentration has dropped and multiple transfusions are needed to produce larger and more prolonged effects on circulating platelet levels. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C126.
In support of primary schooling in developing countries : a new look at traditional indigenous schools (1989)

This paper provides an overview of educational systems (indigenous schools) which are primarily descendants of religious schools predating European colonialism. The Islamic school, one such indigenous school system, is described in terms of its social and instructional consequences for children and society in certain parts of the developing world. Since increased access to primary schooling and the learning of basic literacy skills are important educational policy goals, it is argued that such alternative forms of schooling may be useful in support of government primary school institutions.
Simulation of LEDs with Phosphorescent Media for the Generation of White Light (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Requirements for a Conversion LED Model Color Metrics for Conversion LEDs Phosphor Model Phosphor Materials Luminescence and Absorption of Phosphor Particles Scattering of Phosphor Particles Determination of Material Parameters LED Ray Tracing Model Simulation Examples Conclusions References
Mucosal Immunization with Integrase-Defective Lentiviral Vectors Protects against Influenza Virus Challenge in Mice (2014)

Recent reports highlight the potential for integrase-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLV) to be developed as vaccines due to their ability to elicit cell-mediated and humoral immune responses after intramuscular administration. Differently from their integrase-competent counterpart, whose utility for vaccine development is limited by the potential for insertional mutagenesis, IDLV possess a mutation in their integrase gene that prevents genomic integration. Instead, they are maintained as episomal DNA circles that retain the ability to stably express functional proteins. Despite their favorable profile, it is unknown whether IDLV elicit immune responses after intranasal administration, a route that could be advantageous in the case of infection with a respiratory agent. Using influenza as a model, we constructed IDLV expressing the influenza virus nucleoprotein (IDLV-NP), and tested their ability to generate NP-specific immune responses and protect from challenge in vivo. We found that administration of IDLV-NP elicited NP-specific T cell and antibody responses in BALB/c mice. Importantly, IDLV-NP was protective against homologous and heterosubtypic influenza virus challenge only when given by the intranasal route. This is the first report demonstrating that IDLV can induce protective immunity after intranasal administration, and suggests that IDLV may represent a promising vaccine platform against infectious agents.
Photostabilization of menadione sodium bisulfite by glutathione. (1989)

Photodecomposition of solutions of menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) in the presence and absence of glutathione (GSH) under artificial sunlight was investigated. In presence of 0.02% (GSH), an appreciable increase in photostability was observed when clear glass vials were used. The pH and the temperature of the solution significantly influenced the stability of MSB. Photodegradation of MSB appeared to follow first-order kinetics. Photostabilization of MSB was attributed in part to complex formation between MSB and GSH and the antioxidant property of the latter. Stability constants for the various solutions were determined at several temperatures. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and were found to support complex formation.
Reductive Cyclization. A Route to 6-Methyl-1-azabicyclo [5.3.0] decane from Methyl Sorbate<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReductive Cyclization. A Route to 6-Methyl-1-azabicyclo [5.3.0] decane from Methyl Sorbate1Nelson J. Leonard, Donald L. Felley, and Ernest D. NicolaidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 7, 1700–1703Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01127a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01127a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An airspace model aplicable for automatic flight route planning inside free route airspace (2018)

The article is strongly related to the Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) project. The project's objective is the improvement of air transport above Europe 0. Since Air Traffic Management (ATM) is involved to obtain more effective approach to air traffic flow managing activities, the concept of Flexible Use Airspace (FUA) has arisen in result. ATM is a quite developed aviation's subdomain, therefore currently existing airspace state has been described briefly in the article, referring to the presented solution concept. The notion of Free Route Airspace (FRA) airspace model defined in this article relies on mathematical description. The selected approach clarifies airspace as a set of squares or cubes that have volumes with appointed values due to certain conditions in the considered time (i.e. traffic flow or weather). The model has to ensure facilitation of flight route planning and warrant aircrafts separation towards flight safety assurance. The concept assumes that this airspace model will provide assistance for airspace user to select essential flight plan criteria, such as economy, time, etc. The path will be appointed according to personal preferences, based on the model from which further elaborated algorithm will evaluate situation. The presented solution is a response to air traffic growth. Therefore it supports the SESAR project through research and development activities. The description proves that airspace model would create enhancement in flight planning for airspace users.
Analysis and simulation of five-phase variable-speed induction motor drives under asymmetrical connections (1998)

In this paper, a dq model based on transformation theory for five-phase induction machines is presented. A detailed implementation of an indirect-type five-phase field-orientation control including the hysteresis-type pulsewidth modulation (PWM) current regulator is described. A method for continuous and disturbance-free operation of a five-phase field-oriented-controlled induction motor drive with complete loss of one, two, or even three legs of the inverter or motor phases is described. A complete analysis and computer simulation of this control technique is included.
Proteolytic activation of single-chain precursor macrophage-stimulating protein by nerve growth factor-gamma and epidermal growth factor-binding protein, members of the kallikrein family. (1994)

Promacrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) is an 80-kDa protein that acquires biological activity after cleavage at an Arg-Val bond to a disulfide-linked alpha beta heterodimer by serine proteases of the intrinsic coagulation cascade. These proteases, which include serum kallikrein, factor XIIa and factor XIa, are members of the trypsin family of serine proteases. We now report that two other members of the family, nerve growth factor-gamma (NGF-gamma) and epidermal growth factor-binding protein (EGF-BP), cleave and activate pro-MSP to the disulfide-linked alpha beta heterodimer. Cleavage of 1.5 nM pro-MSP by 1 nM NGF-gamma or EGF-BP at 37 degrees C was almost complete within 30 min. These concentrations of enzyme are about 2 orders of magnitude less than is required for cleavage by serum kallikrein or factor XIIa. Cleavage of pro-MSP to MSP was associated with a conformational change in the protein, because the cleaved product, but not pro-MSP, was detected by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay. Cleavage caused the appearance of biological activity, as measured by chemotactic activity of MSP for resident peritoneal macrophages, by MSP-induced macrophage shape change, and by stimulation of macrophage ingestion of C3bi-coated erythrocytes. These findings suggest the possibility of cooperative interactions between NGF-gamma or EGF-BP and pro-MSP in inflammation and wound healing.
A molecular ruler based on plasmon coupling of single gold and silver nanoparticles (2005)

Molecular rulers based on Foerster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) that report conformational changes and intramolecular distances of single biomolecules have helped to understand important biological processes. However, these rulers suffer from low and fluctuating signal intensities from single dyes and limited observation time due to photobleaching. The plasmon resonance in noble metal particles has been suggested as an alternative probe to overcome the limitations of organic fluorophores and the coupling of plasmons in nearby particles has been exploited to detect particle aggregation by a distinct color change in bulk experiments. Here we demonstrate that plasmon coupling can be used to monitor distances between single pairs of gold and silver nanoparticles. We use this effect to follow the directed assembly of gold and silver nanoparticle dimers in real time and to study the time dynamics of single DNA hybridization events. These ''plasmon rulers'' allowed us to continuously monitor separations of up to 70 nm for more than 3000 seconds. Single molecule in vitro studies of biological processes previously inaccessible with fluorescence based molecular rulers are enabled with plasmon rulers with extended time and distance range.
Growth of epitaxial NiSi2 on Si(111) at room temperature (1989)

Epitaxial type B NiSi2 thin layers have been grown at room temperature on Si(111). Deposition of a few monolayers of nickel followed by codeposition of NiSi2 has led to the growth of high quality single-crystal layers, with ion channeling χmin &lt;2%. No disorder was found at the interfaces of these layers. The topography of the original substrate has a predominant effect on the structure of line defects at the NiSi2 interface. Codeposition at room temperature on annealed silicide thin layers also led to the overgrowth of high quality NiSi2. These results are suggestive of type B NiSi2 formation on Si(111) upon deposition of a few monolayers of nickel at room temperature.
Improvement of real‐time polymerase chain reaction for quantifying TNF‐α mRNA expression in inflamed colorectal mucosa: An approach to optimize procedures for clinical use (2006)

This optimization improves the clinical use of real-time PCR for quantification of TNF-alpha gene expression in colorectal biopsies and provides a sensitive reproducible assay.
Microwave emission from two-stacked arrays of long Josephson junctions (2001)

We have recorded the radiation generated by magnetic flux quanta oscillations and by cavity mode oscillations in two-stacked arrays each consisting of five long Josephson junctions biased in parallel. The two arrays have in common the middle electrode, which is thinner than the London penetration depth, and can be biased independently. Basically, two kind of fluxon states can be generated, one consisting of a row of five fluxons oscillating in one of the arrays, the other consisting of a row of five fluxons in one array and five antifluxons in the other array, bound in a coherent state. It is found from the microwave emission that the latter configuration is less sensitive to low-frequency noise.
<title>High-bandwidth (2GHz km) low-loss (56dB/km) GI polymer optical fiber</title> (1993)

High-bandwidth (2 GHz km) GI polymer optical fiber (POF) was successfully obtained by our interfacial-gel polymerization technique. The minimum attenuation is 56 dB/km at 688-nm wavelength.
Building Energy Management System Based on Mixed Reality for Intuitive Interface (2019)

Global environmental problems such as depletion of energy resources, global warming, and climate change are increasing. Energy demand management is becoming more important to solve these problems. The energy industry is actively utilizing IoT technology in accordance with the paradigm shift. Building Energy Management System (BEMS) uses IoT technology to monitor power consumption and data about space environment in building in numerical or graph form. However, the traditional system can be difficult to use for users who are not professionally trained. Therefore, It is necessary to design an intuitive interface that is easy to use for users to use BEMS. Mixed Reality technology is a technology that creates an evolved virtual world by fusing reality with virtual information through interaction with reality. In this paper, we propose a system that applies Mixed Reality technology to Building Energy Management System. The proposed system provides a new interface that is easy to use and intuitive to users. Furthermore, we believe that if the proposed system extends, it can be used for an integrated energy management system in a future Smart City.
A new learning method for inference accuracy, core occupation, and performance co-optimization on TrueNorth chip (2016)

IBM TrueNorth chip uses digital spikes to perform neuromorphic computing and achieves ultrahigh execution parallelism and power efficiency. However, in TrueNorth chip, low quantization resolution of the synaptic weights and spikes significantly limits the inference (e.g., classification) accuracy of the deployed neural network model. Existing workaround, i.e., averaging the results over multiple copies instantiated in spatial and temporal domains, rapidly exhausts the hardware resources and slows down the computation. In this work, we propose a novel learning method on TrueNorth platform that constrains the random variance of each computation copy and reduces the number of needed copies. Compared to the existing learning method, our method can achieve up to 68.8% reduction of the required neuro-synaptic cores or 6.5 speedup, with even slightly improved inference accuracy.
Polyphase Motors: A Direct Approach to Their Design (1984)

Provides the general background for design of electrical motors by placing motor design in the context of the overall drive and its function, and with a survey of the various electrical and mechanical components. The design itself is addressed using an original approach based on first principles: it begins with the design specifications, expresses them in terms of electric and magnetic stresses, establishes appropriate geometry, and arrives at the dimensions. Unconventional topologies are also discussed.
Achieveing reduced area by Multi-bit Flip flop design (2013)

Timing Optimization is one of the most important objectives of the designer in the Modern VLSI world. Memory elements play a vital role on Digital World. The basic memory elements of designer considerations are Latch and flip flop. In this paper, we analyze the design of Single-bit Flipflop (SBFF) and made performance comparison over the Multi-bit Flip-flop (MBFF). For improving Flip flop performance one of the promising way is to merge the clock pulse. The Multi-bit Flip-flop is designed by single clock pulse and achieves same functionality like two single-bit Flip-flop. A shift register is designed using both Single-Bit Flip-Flop (SBFF) and Multi-Bit Flip-Flop (MBFF). This paper analyzes the timing performance of both SBFF and MBFF in Xilinx Virtex-5 family (XC5VLX50). These results in favor of Multi-Bit Flip-Flop as reduction of Clock network such as clock buffer and gate delay.
Architecture and implementation of a Software-Defined Radio baseband processor (2011)

The architecture of a Software Defined Radio (SDR) multi-standard baseband processor are presented. As the first representative of a new SDR baseband family, the X-GOLD™ SDR20 has been successfully designed and fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process. The physical layer signal processing for GSM, EDGE, GPRS, UMTS, HSPA, GMR1-3G, and LTE can be implemented in software on this single-chip device. Respective GSM, UMTS and LTE lab demonstrations have proven the competitiveness of this SDR approach.
Critical comparison and validation of methods for determination of anionic groups in pulp fibres (2002)

Article Critical comparison and validation of methods for determination of anionic groups in pulp fibres was published on August 1, 2002 in the journal Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal (volume 17, issue 3).