gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Prevents Myofibroblasts Differentiation by Transferring Fibrosis-Associated microRNAs within Extracellular Vesicles (2020)

Fibroblasts differentiation into myofibroblasts is a central event of tissue fibrosis. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) secretome can interfere with fibrosis development; despite precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that MSC secretome can affect fibroblast' differentiation into myofibroblasts by delivering regulatory RNAs, including microRNAs to these cells. Using the model of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta)-induced fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts, we tested the activity of human MSC secretome components, specifically extracellular vesicles (MSC-EV). We showed that MSC-EV down-regulated secretion of extracellular matrix proteins by fibroblasts as well as suppressed their contractility resulting in prevention as well as reversion of fibroblasts differentiation to myofibroblasts. High-throughput sequencing of RNAs extracted from MSC-EV has revealed many fibrosis-associated microRNAs. Fibroblast treatment with MSC-EV led to direct transfer of microRNAs, which resulted in the elevation of most prominent fibrosis-associated microRNAs, including microRNA-21 and microRNA-29c. Using MSC-EV transfection by antagomirs to these microRNAs we demonstrated their involvement in the suppression of fibroblast differentiation in our model. Taken together, MSC secretome can suppress fibrosis by prevention of fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts as well as induce de-differentiation of the latter by direct transfer of specific microRNAs.
Biosynthesis of silver and selenium nanoparticles by Bacillus sp. JAPSK2 and evaluation of antimicrobial activity (2014)

The main aim of the present work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of selenium and silver biogenic nanoparticles and further characterize them. The bacterial colony isolated from coal mine sample was found to reduce selenium and silver ions to their elemental forms respectively. Under experimental conditions, the isolated bacterium was capable of synthesising these nanoparticles which was indicated by the change in the colour of the medium to red for selenium and brown for silver. The effectiveness of these nanoparticles were tested against four clinical pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. The nanoparticles synthesised were then characterized by X-Ray diffraction analysis, Atomic Force Microscopy, UV-Vis analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The sizes of these nanoparticles were also calibrated.
Recovery of Useful Hydrocarbons from Petroleum Residual Oil by Catalytic Cracking with Steam over Zirconia-Supporting Iron Oxide Catalyst (2004)

To reduce the consumption of hydrogen when converting heavy oil to light oil, the catalytic cracking of a heavy oil (residue of atmospheric distillation) with steam was examined. Two iron oxide-based catalystshematite (α-Fe2O3) and goethite (FeOOH, denoted herein as FeOX catalyst)were used. It was found that the heavy oil was converted to a mixture of useful light hydrocarbons (i.e., gasoline, kerosene, and gas-oil) over iron oxide-based catalysts. Moreover, because the FeOX catalyst possessed mesopores with diameters of 6−10 nm, it exhibited higher activity than the α-Fe2O3 catalyst without the production of carbonaceous residue. The catalytic activity could be enhanced by loading ZrO2 on the FeOX catalyst. From the X-ray diffraction analysis and Mössbauer measurement, it was considered that the active oxygen species generated from H2O over ZrO2 particles spilled over the FeOX surface, where the oxidized decomposition of heavy oil occurred.
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF URANYL NITRATE HEXAHYDRATE (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF URANYL NITRATE HEXAHYDRATELinus Pauling and Roscoe G. DickinsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 7, 1615–1622Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01672a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01672a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views538Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rheology and Thermotropic Properties of Bis-Urea-Based Organogels in Various Primary Alcohols (2000)

The thermotropic and viscoelastic properties and the structure of thermoreversible organogels composed of enantiomerically pure trans-1,2-bis(3-dodecylureido)cyclohexane (1) and primary alcohols, i.e., propanol, butanol, hexanol, and octanol, have been investigated by melting-point measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheology, and electron microscopy. The electron microscopic studies revealed that gelation of these solvents occurred through the formation of an entangled network by 1. In all solvents, the gels behave as viscoelastic solids, with G‘ ≫ G‘ ‘ at frequencies >0.01 Hz (time scales <100 s) and values of G‘ up to 500 kPa (50 mM in propanol). The thixotropic character of the gels, however, indicates that the network structure is dynamic at larger time scales. Although the structure of the gels in these solvents is not significantly different, both the thermal stability and the strength of the gels depend on the solvent, and they increase in the order octanol < hexanol < butanol < propanol. It was concluded that solvophobic effects become important for the stabilization of gels of 1 in more polar solvents.
Busulphan-Cyclophosphamide Cause Endothelial Injury, Remodeling of Resistance Arteries and Enhanced Expression of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (2012)

Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is a curative treatment for malignant and non malignant diseases. However, transplantation-related complications including cardiovascular disease deteriorate the clinical outcome and quality of life. We have investigated the acute effects of conditioning regimen on the pharmacology, physiology and structure of large elastic arteries and small resistance-sized arteries in a SCT mouse model. Mesenteric resistance arteries and aorta were dissected from Balb/c mice conditioned with busulphan (Bu) and cyclophosphamide (Cy). In vitro isometric force development and pharmacology, in combination with RT-PCR, Western blotting and electron microscopy were used to study vascular properties. Compared with controls, mesenteric resistance arteries from the Bu-Cy group had larger internal circumference, showed enhanced endothelium mediated relaxation and increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Bu-Cy treated animals had lower mean blood pressure and signs of endothelial injury. Aortas of treated animals had a higher reactivity to noradrenaline. We conclude that short-term consequences of Bu-Cy treatment divergently affect large and small arteries of the cardiovascular system. The increased noradrenaline reactivity of large elastic arteries was not associated with increased blood pressure at rest. Instead, Bu-Cy treatment lowered blood pressure via augmented microvascular endothelial dependent relaxation, increased expression of vascular eNOS and remodeling toward a larger lumen. The changes in the properties of resistance arteries can be associated with direct effects of the compounds on vascular wall or possibly indirectly induced via altered translational activity associated with the reduced hematocrit and shear stress. This study contributes to understanding the mechanisms that underlie the early effects of conditioning regimen on resistance arteries and may help in designing further investigations to understand the late effects on vascular system.
Bytecode und Maschinencode (2014)

No AccessEinführung in Python 3Oct 2014Bytecode und MaschinencodeBernd KleinBernd Kleinhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446441514.003SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2014Pages: 15-17Print ISBN: 978-3-446-44133-0eISBN: 978-3-446-44151-4 Copyright & Permissions© 2014 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Histamine and histidine decarboxylase are correlated with mucosal repair in rat small intestine after ischemia-reperfusion. (1992)

The aim of this experiment was to demonstrate whether histamine and histidine decarboxylase (HDC) contribute to mucosal repair in small intestine subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 15 min followed by reperfusion. In jejunal mucosa, histamine content and HDC activity increased after I/R. Histamine output in mesenteric lymph was also elevated after I/R. These increases in HDC activity, and mucosal and lymph histamine levels were suppressed by pretreatment of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine (alpha-FMH), a suicide inhibitor of HDC. alpha-FMH also attenuated the increase of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity normally observed after I/R. Transport of dietary lipid into lymph markedly decreased at 24 h after I/R, yet it was restored to normal at 48 h after I/R. alpha-FMH inhibitor led to a sustained deficit in lipid transport at 48 h after I/R. This sustained functional impairment in alpha-FMH treated animals was associated with blunted responses of HDC activity and histamine content to I/R. Our results suggest that histamine and HDC contribute to the restoration in mucosal function observed at 48 h after I/R. This response may be related, at least in part, to stimulation of ODC activity by histamine.
Low-Molecular-Weight Thiols in Thiol–Disulfide Exchange (2012)

There are many microorganisms whose LMW thiol-redox buffers have not yet been identified (either bioinformatically or experimentally). Many elements of BSH and MSH redox biochemistry remain to be explored. The fundamental biophysical properties, thiol pK(a) and redox potential, have not yet been determined, and the protein interactome in which the biothiols MSH and BSH are involved needs further exploration.
Magnetic field dependence of the critical current in YBa2Cu3O7−δ bicrystal grain boundary junctions (1993)

We have performed a detailed study of the magnetic field dependence of the critical current, Ic(B), of YBa2Cu3O7−δ bicrystal grain boundary junctions (GBJs). GBJs with width W much larger than the Josephson penetration depth λJ show Ic(B) dependencies that are close to those of ideal large Josephson junctions with overlap geometry. The Ic(B) dependencies are symmetrical with respect to B=0 and Ic decreases linearly with increasing applied magnetic field for B≤BJ1, where BJ1 is the lower critical field of the GBJ. Furthermore, Ic(B=0) increases linearly with increasing width of the GBJs as expected for Josephson junctions with overlap geometry. From the measured Ic(B) dependencies the temperature dependence of BJ1 and the London penetration depth could be derived.
Chlorine Inactivation of Adenovirus Type 40 and Feline Calicivirus (2003)

Ct values, the concentration of free chlorine multiplied by time of contact with virus, were determined for free-chlorine inactivation experiments carried out with chloroform-extracted (dispersed) and non-chloroform-extracted (aggregated) feline calicivirus (FCV), adenovirus type 40 (AD40), and polio virus type 1 (PV-1). Experiments were carried out with high and low pH and temperature conditions. Ct values were calculated directly from bench-scale free-chlorine inactivation experiments and from application of the efficiency factor Hom model. For each experimental condition, Ct values were higher at pH 8 than at pH 6, higher at 5 degrees C than at 15 degrees C, and higher for dispersed AD40 (dAD40) than for dispersed FCV (dFCV). dFCV and dAD40 were more sensitive to free chlorine than dispersed PV-1 (dPV-1). Cts for 2 log inactivation of aggregated FCV (aFCV) and aggregated PV-1 (aPV-1) were 31.0 and 2.8 orders of magnitude higher than those calculated from experiments carried out with dispersed virus. Cts for 2 log inactivation of dFCV and dAD40 in treated groundwater at 15 degrees C were 1.2 and 13.7 times greater than in buffered-demand-free (BDF) water experiments at 5 degrees C. Ct values listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Guidance Manual were close to, or lower than, Ct values generated for experiments conducted with dispersed and aggregated viruses suspended in BDF water and for dispersed viruses suspended in treated groundwater. Since the state of viruses in water is most likely to be aggregated and associated with organic or inorganic matter, reevaluation of the EPA Guidance Manual Ct values is necessary, since they would not be useful for ensuring inactivation of viruses in these states. Under the tested conditions, dAD40, dFCV, aFCV, dPV-1, and aPV-1 particles would be inactivated by commonly used free chlorine concentrations (1 mg/liter) and contact times (60 to 237 min) applied for drinking water treatment in the United States.
An improved algorithm for UWB-bases positioning in a multi-path environment (2006)

We derive and analyze novel distributed algorithms for calculating the position of tags in a wireless ad-hoc network. The raw data for determining the tag positions stems from time-of-arrival (ToA) measurements of radio frequency (RF) pulses transmitted in between the tags. The sensor network is expected to operate indoors, i.e., the wireless channel is characterized by heavy multi-path propagation. It turns out that the probability density function (PDF) of the TOA measurement error has heavy tails due to this multi-path environment, which has a tremendous impact on the performance of the tag position calculation. We propose a novel position calculation algorithm, which utilizes the tails in the measurement error PDF and easy to implement. This is in contrast to existing approaches, which assume that the measurement error PDF is Gaussian. The novel positioning algorithm allows distributing the required calculations onto the tags and fusing TOA measurements from a large number of tags.
Longitudinal Monitoring of Biofilm Formation via Robust Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Quantification of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>-Produced Metabolites (2018)

Detection of bacterial metabolites at low concentrations in fluids with complex background allows for applications ranging from detecting biomarkers of respiratory infections to identifying contaminated medical instruments. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, when utilizing plasmonic nanogaps, has the relatively unique capacity to reach trace molecular detection limits in a label-free format, yet large-area device fabrication incorporating nanogaps with this level of performance has proven difficult. Here, we demonstrate the advantages of using chemical assembly to fabricate SERS surfaces with controlled nanometer gap spacings between plasmonic nanospheres. Control of nanogap spacings via the length of the chemical crosslinker provides uniform SERS signals, exhibiting detection of pyocyanin, a secondary metabolite of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in aqueous media at concentration of 100 pg·mL<sup>-1</sup>. When using machine learning algorithms to analyze the SERS data of the conditioned medium from a bacterial culture, having a more complex background, we achieve 1 ng·mL<sup>-1</sup> limit of detection of pyocyanin and robust quantification of concentration spanning 5 orders of magnitude. Nanogaps are also incorporated in an in-line microfluidic device, enabling longitudinal monitoring of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation via rapid pyocyanin detection in a medium effluent as early as 3 h after inoculation and quantification in under 9 h. Surface-attached bacteria exposed to a bactericidal antibiotic were differentially less susceptible after 10 h of growth, indicating that these devices may be useful for early intervention of bacterial infections.
A STATISTICAL APPROACH FOR DISAGGREGATING MIXED-FREQUENCY ECONOMIC TIME-SERIES DATA (1999)

The problem of mixed-frequency time-series data arises from changing the observation frequency. For example, we may have a time series with quarterly observations in the first portion and annual figures in the remainder. We shall call that quarter-year mixed-frequency data. In this paper we suggest a method to disaggregate the annual observations to quarterly values. The proposed method can easily be generalized to the year-quarter, quarter-month, year-month, and other mixed-frequency situations;\nit may avoid difficulties of time-series modeling and is easy to implement. A step-by-step algorithm of the method is given so that econometricians not expert in this area can still perform the procedure. The proposed method is illustrated through two real examples. We also conduct a small-scale Monte Carlo experiment to compare the proposed procedure with two existing alternative methods. Finally, some concluding remarks are given.
ROUTING ARCHITECTURE AND LAYOUT SYNTHESIS FOR MULTI-FPGA SYSTEMS (1999)

Multi-FPGA systems (MFSs) are used as custom computing machines, logic emula-tors and rapid prototyping vehicles. A key aspect of these systems is their programmable routing architecture, which is the manner in which wires, FPGAs and Field-Programmable Interconnect Devices (FPIDs) are connected. This dissertation provides new insight into the strengths and the weaknesses of two popular existing routing architectures: the Partial Crossbar and the Mesh. New hybrid architectures, that use a mixture of hardwired and programmable connections, are pro-posed. The new architectures are the Hybrid Torus Partial-Crossbar (HTP), the Hybrid Complete-Graph Partial-Crossbar (HCGP) and the Hardwired Clusters Partial Crossbar (HWCP). We evaluate and compare several MFS routing architectures by using a rigorous exper-imental approach that employs real benchmark circuits. The circuits are mapped into the architectures using a customized set of partitioning, placement and inter-chip routing tools. The architectures are compared on the basis of cost (the total number of pins required in the system) and speed (determined by the post-inter-chip routing critical path
A chromosomal method to distinguish between X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa of the bull in zona-free hamster ova (1987)

The interspecific in-vitro fertilization system using zona-free hamster ova was adopted to distinguish chromosomally between X- and Y-bearing bull spermatozoa. Frozen semen samples were thawed and washed with modified BWW medium including 0.3% BSA (pH 7.2) to remove cryoprotective medium. Motile spermatozoa were recovered from the semen by the 'swim-up' method. These spermatozoa were treated with ionophore A23187 to facilitate capacitation. Adequate capacitation of spermatozoa was found by their movement patterns and the insemination was performed at the optimum time. The fertilized ova were cultured in Medium TC199 with 10% FBS including podophyllotoxin and vinblastine until they reached first cleavage metaphase. Chromosome slides were prepared by our gradual fixation-air drying method. The success rate of the method was 56% of the number corresponding to the zona-free ova used. Altogether 1116 spermatozoa from 4 different bulls were successfully analysed and the ratio of X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa was 542:574 (P greater than 0.3).
Microbial metabolism of amino alcohols. Biosynthetic utilization of ethanolamine for lipid synthesis by bacteria (1980)

1. Ten bacteria utilizing [2-14C]ethanol-2-amine as the sole or major source of nitrogen for growth on glycerol + salts medium incorporated radioactivity into a variety of bacterial substances. A high proportion was commonly found in lipid fractions, particularly in the case of Erwinia carotovora. 2. Detailed studies of [14C]ethanolamine incorporation into lipids by five bacteria, including E. carotovora, showed that all detectable lipids were labelled. Even where phosphatidylethanolamine was the major lipid labelled, radioactivity was predominantly in the fatty acid rather than the base moiety. The labelled fatty acids were identified in each case. 3. The addition of acetate to growth media decreased the incorporation of radioactivity from ethanolamine into both fatty acid and phosphatidyl-base fragments of lipids from all the bacteria except Mycobacterium smegmatis. Experiments with [3H]ethanolamine and [14C]acetate confirmed that unlabelled acetate decreased the incorporation of both radioactive isotopes into lipids, except in the case of M. smegmatis. 4. Enzyme studies suggested one of two metabolic routes between ethanolamine and acetyl-CoA for each of four bacteria. A role for ethanolamine O-phosphate was not obligatory for the incorporation of [14C]ethanolamine into phospholipids, but correlated with CoA-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase activity.