gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluxional η<sup>3</sup>-Allyl Derivatives of <i>ansa-</i>Scandocenes and an <i>ansa</i>-Yttrocene. Measurements of the Barriers for the η<sup>3</sup> to η<sup>1</sup> Process as an Indicator of Olefin Binding Energy to d<sup>0</sup> Metallocenes (1999)

Variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy indicates fluxional behavior for a number of group 3 metallocene allyl complexes. Spectral simulations and line shape analyses for the variable-temperature spectra indicate an allyl rearrangement mechanism involving rate-determining carbon−carbon double-bond dissociation from the metal center, i.e. an η3 to η1 change in coordination. Activation barriers to olefin dissociation have been determined for (η5-C5Me5)2Sc(η3-C3H5), meso-Me2Si(η5-3-CMe3-C5H3)2Sc(η3-C3H5), meso-Me2Si[η5-2,4-(CHMe2)2-C5H2]2Sc(η3-C3H5), meso-Me2Si{η5-3-[2-(2-Me)-adamantyl]-C5H3}2Sc(η3-C3H5), meso-Me2Si{η5-3-[2-(2-Me)-adamantyl]-C5H3}2Y(η3-C3H5), rac-Me2Si[η5-2,4-(CHMe2)2-C5H2]2Sc(η3-C3H5)), and R-(C20H12O2)Si(η5-2-SiMe3-4-CMe3-C5H2)2Sc(η3-C3H5): ΔG⧧ = 11−16 kcal mol-1 at ca. 300−350 K. Donor solvents do not significantly affect the rate of olefin dissociation. A second rearrangement mechanism that involves 180° rotation of the η3-C3H5 moiety has been found to operate in those metallocenes whose ancillary ligand arrays adopt rigid meso geometries. Line shape analysis indicates that the rate of η3-C3H5 rotation is generally more than 1 order of magnitude faster than olefin dissociation for a given meso metallocene. The data do not allow unambiguous assessments of the mechanism(s) for the fluxional behavior for the allyl derivatives of the racemic metallocenes. An X-ray structure determination for rac-Me2Si[η5-C5H2-2,4-(CHMe2)2]2Sc(η3-C3H5) has been carried out.
Functionalization of cellulose (1998)

Systematics of derivatization: formation and modification of the polymer skeleton interaction with basic compounds transition metal complexes esterification etherification oxidation. Future developments: new cellulose compounds future progress in commercial processes new supramolecular architectures.
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (2001)

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, which can be inherited or acquired, is characterized by an inability to concentrate urine despite normal or elevated plasma concentrations of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin. Polyuria, with hyposthenuria, and polydipsia are the cardinal clinical manifestations of the disease. About 90% of patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus are males with the X-linked recessive form of the disease (OMIM 304800) who have mutations in the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 gene (AVPR2), which codes for the vasopressin V2 receptor. The gene is located in chromosomal region Xq28. In <10% of the families studied, congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus has an autosomal-recessive or autosomal-dominant (OMIM 222000 and 125800, respectively) mode of inheritance. Mutations have been identified in the aquaporin-2 gene (AQP2), which is located in chromosome region 12q13 and codes for the vasopressin-sensitive water channel. When studied in vitro, most AVPR2 mutations result in receptors that are trapped intracellularly and are unable to reach the plasma membrane. A few mutant receptors reach the cell surface but are unable to bind arginine vasopressin or to properly trigger an intracellular cyclic AMP signal. Similarly, aquaporin-2 mutant proteins are misrouted and cannot be expressed at the luminal membrane. Chemical or pharmacological chaperones have been found to reverse the intracellular retention of aquaporin-2 and arginine vasopressin receptor 2 mutant proteins. Because many hereditary diseases stem from the intracellular retention of otherwise functional proteins, this mechanism may offer a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of those diseases that result from errors in protein kinesis.
Eosinophils and Megakaryocytes Support the Early Growth of Murine MOPC315 Myeloma Cells in Their Bone Marrow Niches (2014)

Multiple myeloma is a bone marrow plasma cell tumor which is supported by the external growth factors APRIL and IL-6, among others. Recently, we identified eosinophils and megakaryocytes to be functional components of the micro-environmental niches of benign bone marrow plasma cells and to be important local sources of these cytokines. Here, we investigated whether eosinophils and megakaryocytes also support the growth of tumor plasma cells in the MOPC315.BM model for multiple myeloma. As it was shown for benign plasma cells and multiple myeloma cells, IL-6 and APRIL also supported MOPC315.BM cell growth in vitro, IL-5 had no effect. Depletion of eosinophils in vivo by IL-5 blockade led to a reduction of the early myeloma load. Consistent with this, myeloma growth in early stages was retarded in eosinophil-deficient ΔdblGATA-1 mice. Late myeloma stages were unaffected, possibly due to megakaryocytes compensating for the loss of eosinophils, since megakaryocytes were found to be in contact with myeloma cells in vivo and supported myeloma growth in vitro. We conclude that eosinophils and megakaryocytes in the niches for benign bone marrow plasma cells support the growth of malignant plasma cells. Further investigations are required to test whether perturbation of these niches represents a potential strategy for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Activation of Methyltrioxorhenium for Olefin Metathesis in a Zirconium-Based Metal–Organic Framework (2018)

The zirconium nodes of the metal-organic framework (MOF) known as NU-1000 serve as competent supports for the activation of methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) toward olefin metathesis. Itself inactive for olefin metathesis, MTO becomes an active catalyst only when immobilized on the strongly acidic Lewis acid sites of dehydrated NU-1000. Uptake of MTO at the dehydrated secondary building units (SBUs) occurs rapidly and quantitatively to produce a catalyst active in both gas- and liquid-phase processes. These results demonstrate for the first time the utility of MOF SBUs for olefin metathesis, an academically and industrially relevant transformation.
Plastic Optical Fiber Doped With Organic Fluorescent Material (1989)

This paper describes the development of a plastic optical fiber doped with organic fluorescent materials, the fiber consists of a polycarbonate core with a glass transition temperature of 150°C and a cladding made of a new polymer. The minimum optical attenuation is 1.0 dB/m at a 765 nm wavelength in the near infrared region. The fiber has excellent characteristics for use with a 1 mW light source with a spot size of 0.5 to 2 mm. The fiber is thermally stable up to 125 T and is very flexible. Furthermore, light can be transmitted through the fiber with the incident optical beam perpendicular to the fiber as well as at parallel to it. With these characteristics, the fiber should be useful for transmitting several wavelengths.
Ultra low specific on-resistance UMOS FET (1986)

This paper describes an improved UMOS FET with an ultra low specific on-resistance. This device utilizes a self-aligned process which permits closed spaced vertical trench gates with a unit cell of 6 µm. This allows for a remarkable increase of channel density and therefore, reduces the on-resistance per unit area significantly. Experimental devices have been fabricated, and a specific on-resistance of 1.2 Ω-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , which is the lowest value ever reported, has been achieved.
Link Adaptation for Video Multicasting in Mobile WiMAX Network (2009)

IEEE802.16e based mobile WiMAX network provides a promising technology for broadband wireless access. Among all types of services supported by WiMAX, real time video multicast has attracted much attention. However, because of the absence of feedback channel for multicast service, it is challenging to provide link adaptation and resource allocation under the situation with diverse receiver distribution. The legacy method - using the most robust modulation mode for multicasting service, or select a leader as the representative - can not accurately reflect the variety of channel condition. In this paper, we firstly analyze the overhead problem caused by the periodic downlink channel quality report, then propose a light-weighted terminal triggered feedback mechanism to reduce the signaling overhead. Furthermore, with the combined consideration of layered video coding and adaptive modulation and coding, a utility-based resource allocation approach is proposed. The utility function is relating with the reception satisfaction and spectrum efficiency. The scheduling algorithm dynamically adjusts layer number and its bandwidth according to receiver distribution. Simulation results show the proposed feedback mechanism can greatly reduce the signaling overhead while maintain the accurate channel condition report. The scheduling algorithm can not only improve the link adaptation capability following the receivers' expectation and program popularity, but also outperform the fixed allocation method in term of system utility.
Long- and Short-Term Regulation of the Na+-K+-Pump in Skeletal Muscle (1996)

In skeletal muscle, activity and capacity of the Na+ -K+ pump are controlled by several hormones, contractile activity, growth, and nutrition. Acute or chronic reduction of the pump capacity inhibits contractile performance. Conversely, acute hormonal stimulation of the Na+ -K+ pump leads to marked, rapid force recovery in muscles where contractility is suppressed by high extracellular K+.
Simple Size-Independent Measure of Ligand Efficiency (2009)

This paper suggests a functional form for a size-independent ligand efficiency (LE) measure of the form SILE = affinity/N(0.3), where N is the number of heavy atoms. The size-dependency effect of the commonly used LE measure (LE = affinity/N) is apparent in experimental settings like hit-to-lead optimization, but equally well applies to in-silico binding-energy-based estimates. It is therefore expected that the correction is useful in experimental drug optimization, as well as in in-silico applications like protein-ligand docking.
Reduced Androgen Receptor Expression Accelerates the Onset of ERBB2 Induced Breast Tumors in Female Mice (2013)

Androgen receptor (AR) is commonly expressed in both the epithelium of normal mammary glands and in breast cancers. AR expression in breast cancers is independent of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) status and is frequently associated with overexpression of the ERBB2 oncogene. AR signaling effects on breast cancer progression may depend on ERα and ERBB2 status. Up to 30% of human breast cancers are driven by overactive ERBB2 signaling and it is not clear whether AR expression affects any steps of tumor progression in this cohort of patients. To test this, we generated mammary specific Ar depleted mice (MARKO) by combining the floxed allele of Ar with the MMTV-cre transgene on an MMTV-NeuNT background and compared them to littermate MMTV-NeuNT, Ar(fl)/+ control females. Heterozygous MARKO females displayed reduced levels of AR in mammary glands with mosaic AR expression in ductal epithelium. The loss of AR dramatically accelerated the onset of MMTV-NeuNT tumors in female MARKO mice. In this report we show that accelerated MMTV-NeuNT-dependent tumorigenesis is due specifically to the loss of AR, as hormonal levels, estrogen and progesterone receptors expression, and MMTV-NeuNT expression were similar between MARKO and control groups. MMTV-NeuNT induced tumors in both cohorts displayed distinct loss of AR in addition to ERα, PR, and the pioneer factor FOXA1. Erbb3 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in tumors in comparison to normal mammary glands. Thus the loss of AR in mouse mammary epithelium accelerates malignant transformation rather than the rate of tumorigenesis.
Development and Application of a New Method for Specific and Sensitive Enumeration of Spores of Nonproteolytic <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Types B, E, and F in Foods and Food Materials (2010)

The highly potent botulinum neurotoxins are responsible for botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease. Strains of nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum form neurotoxins of types B, E, and F and are the main hazard associated with minimally heated refrigerated foods. Recent developments in quantitative microbiological risk assessment (QMRA) and food safety objectives (FSO) have made food safety more quantitative and include, as inputs, probability distributions for the contamination of food materials and foods. A new method that combines a selective enrichment culture with multiplex PCR has been developed and validated to enumerate specifically the spores of nonproteolytic C. botulinum. Key features of this new method include the following: (i) it is specific for nonproteolytic C. botulinum (and does not detect proteolytic C. botulinum), (ii) the detection limit has been determined for each food tested (using carefully structured control samples), and (iii) a low detection limit has been achieved by the use of selective enrichment and large test samples. The method has been used to enumerate spores of nonproteolytic C. botulinum in 637 samples of 19 food materials included in pasta-based minimally heated refrigerated foods and in 7 complete foods. A total of 32 samples (5 egg pastas and 27 scallops) contained spores of nonproteolytic C. botulinum type B or F. The majority of samples contained <100 spores/kg, but one sample of scallops contained 444 spores/kg. Nonproteolytic C. botulinum type E was not detected. Importantly, for QMRA and FSO, the construction of probability distributions will enable the frequency of packs containing particular levels of contamination to be determined.
Reconfigurable RFICs and modules for cognitive radio (2006)

This paper describes techniques to implement frequency-agile RF front-end ICs and modules for application to intelligent cognitive radios (CRs). The CR system architecture with an efficient spectrum-sensing technique has been proposed. The feasibility of its CMOS IC implementation is discussed for the functional building blocks of the spectrum-sensing units and the frequency-agile RF front-end.
Practical aspects of the GEM model for factory automation (2002)

The 'Generic Equipment Model for SECS Communications (GEM)' (1988) proposed methodology for implementing SECS communication links on equipment, and suggests that equipment supporting the methodology could significantly reduce total factory automation costs. Previously, in the absence of any actual implementations of GEM, the benefits remained theoretical, and feasibility and cost remained unknown. The authors describe a software implementation of the GEM methodology, and its actual application on equipment. Some valuable practical lessons have been learned about applying generic host communication software on equipment, and about the GEM methodology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Size Enlargement (2000)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Binding Mechanisms of Agglomerates 2.1. Tensile Strength of Agglomerates Derived from Attractive Forces 2.2. Attractive Forces in Size Enlargement in Air 2.2.1. Electrostatic Forces 2.2.2. Van der Waals Forces 2.2.3. Capillary Forces 2.2.4. Solid Bridges 2.2.5. Influence of Particle Surface Roughness on Binding 2.2.6. Strengthening of Binding Forces 2.3. Attractive Forces of Particles in a Liquid Medium 2.3.1. DLVO theory 2.3.2. Flocculation by Polymeric Flocculants 3. Characterization of Agglomerates 3.1. Particle Size, Particle Size Distribution 3.2. Agglomerate Density and Porosity 3.2.1. Definition 3.2.2. Densities 3.2.3. Porosities 3.3. Agglomerate Strength 3.4. Redispersion 4. Size Enlargement Processes 4.1. Growth Agglomeration (Pelletization) 4.1.1. Agglomeration Kinetics 4.1.2. Pan and Drum Agglomeration 4.1.3. Mixer and Fluidized Bed Agglomeration 4.1.3.1. Pan and Drum Mixers 4.1.3.2. Horizontal Mixers 4.1.3.3. High‐Speed Mixers 4.1.3.4. Fluidized‐Bed Agglomeration 4.2. Agglomerate Formation from Moist Material 4.2.1. Introduction 4.2.2. Agglomeration Equipment for Plastic Materials 4.3. Drying Processes 4.3.1. Atomization Drying 4.3.1.1. Fundamentals of Atomization Drying 4.3.1.2. Fluidized‐Bed Spray Drying 4.3.1.3. Combination Processes 4.3.2. Contact Drying 4.3.3. Vacuum Drying 4.4. Spherical Agglomeration 4.5. Pressure Agglomeration 4.5.1. Compression Equations 4.5.2. Stamp Presses 4.5.3. Roller Presses 4.5.4. Tableting 4.5.4.1. Tableting Equipment 4.5.4.2. Tablet Pressing 4.5.4.3. Tableting Problems 4.5.4.4. Effect of Compression Rate and Humidity
Tire friction potential estimation from measured tie rod forces (2011)

Intelligent vehicles require more accurate knowledge of tire-road friction conditions in order to utilize the full potential of each tire. Continuous and reliable friction potential estimation would have a very positive traffic safety impact, because, e.g., adaptive cruise control could adjust to an adequate safety distance and a collision mitigation system could expedite intervention in slippery conditions. This paper presents how tire friction potential can be determined from individually measured tie rod forces. The method is independent of tire tread stiffness, tire slip angle, or cornering stiffness. In addition, left- and right-hand-side front tire friction potentials can be estimated separately, which would be very beneficial in μ-split conditions.
Electronic properties versus composition of thin films of CuInSe2 (1984)

The electrical properties of thin-film CuInSe2 (&lt;4 μm thick) deposited by coevaporation of the elements have been measured by different techniques as a function of material composition. A correlation between the Cu/In and Se/metal ratios versus majority-carrier concentration is established. A qualitative scheme is developed, based on experiments, which predicts the majority-carrier type and concentration in relation to the stoichiometry of the material.
Fuel Efficiency by Coasting in the Vehicle (2013)

This paper investigates the possibility of improving the fuel efficiency by decreasing the engine speed during the coasting phase of the vehicle. The proposed approach is stimulated by the fact that the engine losses increase with the engine speed. If the engine speed is retained low, the engine losses will be reduced and subsequently the tractive torque will be increased, enabling the vehicle to remain moving for longer duration while coasting. By increasing the time period of the coasting the fuel efficiency can be increased, especially travelling downhill, since it can benefit from the kinematic energy stored in the vehicle to continue coasting for a longer duration. It is already industry standard practice to cut fuel during coasting and refuel at low engine speed. The substantial difference proposed in this paper is the controlled reduction of engine speed during this phase and thus reduction in the engine losses, resulting in improved fuel economy. The simulation model is tested and the results illustrating an improvement to the fuel efficiency through the proposed method are presented. Some results of the experimental tests with a real vehicle through the proposed strategy are also presented in the paper.
Hollow fiber post-column reactor for liquid chromatography (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHollow fiber post-column reactor for liquid chromatographyJames C. Davis and Dennis P. PetersonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 3, 768–771Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00280a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00280a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transforming statistical linked data for use in OLAP systems (2011)

The amount of available Linked Data on the Web is increasing, and data providers start to publish statistical datasets that comprise numerical data. Such statistical datasets differ significantly from the currently predominant network-style data published on the Web. We explore the possibility of integrating statistical data from multiple Linked Data sources. We provide a mapping from statistical Linked Data into the Multidimensional Model used in data warehouses. We use an extract-transform-load (ETL) pipeline to convert statistical Linked Data into a format suitable for loading into an open-source OLAP system, and thus demonstrate how standard OLAP infrastructure can be used for elaborate querying and visualisation of integrated statistical Linked Data. We discuss lessons learned from three experiments and identify areas which require future work to ultimately arrive at a well-interlinked set of statistical data from multiple sources which is processable with standard OLAP systems.
Estimation of depth and 3D motion parameters of moving objects with multiple stereo images by using Kalman filter (2002)

In this paper, use of stereo motion sequences is considered to estimate both three-dimensional (3D) motion and depth of 3D moving points. It is assumed that the objects have small size enough to represent them as single features such as points. To reduce the effect of image measurement noise on the estimation of 3D motion and depth, a time based Kalman filter is applied to filter out some of the noise when a sequence of stereo images are used. An approximated dynamic model is considered based on the assumption that the relative motion in 3D space is slow and smooth enough so that the first derivatives of the 3D position can be considered constant over a sampling period. The Kalman filter predicts the structure at the next time step which can be used to predict the location of features in both image planes and 3D space along with their uncertainties. This allows the tracking system to process only small window regions whose size is determined from its uncertainty. The result of estimation can be used in real tasks, such as obstacle avoidance, by predicting the structure at the next times. The uncertainty of the first order random walk model is estimated by the maximum likelihood technique. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of this method.