gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proximity Hybridization-Regulated Immunoassay for Cell Surface Protein and Protein-Overexpressing Cancer Cells via Electrochemiluminescence (2018)

A simple electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay based on a proximity hybridization-regulated strategy was developed for highly sensitive and specific detection of cell surface protein and protein-overexpressing cancer cells. A biosensor was fabricated by self-assembling a thiolated capture ss-DNA3 (partially hybridize with ss-DNA1 and ss-DNA2) and blocking with 6-mercapto-1-hexanol on a gold electrode surface. Target protein was simultaneously bound by two ss-DNA-tagged antibody probes (DNA1-Ab1 and DNA2-Ab2), while DNA1 and DNA2 were brought in sufficient proximity and hybridized with capture DNA3 on the surface of the biosensor. After ECL signal reagent Ru(phen)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> was intercalated into the hybridized ds-DNAs, ECL measurement was performed in the coreactant solution. A "signal on" proximity hybridization-regulated ECL immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was developed. The ECL intensity increased with the increase of AFP concentration in the range of 0.05-20.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 6.2 pg/mL. Moreover, the developed ECL method was successfully used to detect AFP-overexpressing cancer cells (MCF-7 cancer cells as model) with a detection limit of 620 cells/mL (∼60 MCF-7 cells in 100 μL of cell suspension) and discriminate AFP expression on different types of the living cell surface. This work for the first time reports a proximity hybridization-regulated ECL immunoassay for the detection of the cell surface protein on a living cell surface with good specificity and sensitivity. This simple, specific, and sensitive strategy is greatly promising for the detection of proteins and specific cells.
Efficient Periodic Broadcasting for Mobile Networks at Small Client Receiving Bandwidth and Buffering Space (2013)

Periodic broadcasting is an effective approach for delivering popular videos. In general, this approach does not provide interactive (i.e., VCR) functions, and thus a client can tolerate playback latency from a video server. The concept behind the approach is partitioning a video into multiple segments, which are then broadcast across individual communication channels in terms of IP multicast. The method improves system throughput by allowing numerous clients to share the channels. For many broadcasting schemes, client receiving bandwidth must equal server broadcasting bandwidth. This limitation causes these schemes to be infeasible in mobile networks because increasing receiving bandwidth at all client sites is expensive, as well as difficult. To alleviate this problem, the fibonacci broadcasting (FiB) scheme allows a client with only two-channel bandwidth to receive video segments. In comparison with other similar schemes, FiB yields smallest waiting time. Extending FiB, this work proposes a new scheme (called FiB+) to achieve smaller client buffering space and the same waiting time under two-channel receiving bandwidth. Extensive analysis shows that FiB+ can yield 34.5% smaller client buffer size than that of FiB. Further simulation results also indicate that FiB+ requires lower client buffering space than several previous schemes.
Citizen Participation in East Asia: An Introduction (2003)

"Citizen Participation in East Asia: An Introduction." International Journal of Public Administration, 26(5), pp. xi–xii
522 W average power, spectrally beam-combined fiber laser with near-diffraction-limited beam quality (2007)

We report a three-channel, spectrally beam-combined (SBC), 1 mum fiber laser that produces 522 W of average power with near-diffraction-limited (M2 ~ 1.2) beam quality. The laser features a SBC power combining efficiency of 93%, versatile master-oscillator, power-amplifier fiber channels with up to 260 W of narrow-band, polarized, and near-diffraction-limited output that is tunable over nearly the entire 1 micro m Yb(3+) gain bandwidth, and excellent prospects for significant power scaling. To our knowledge, these results represent the highest beam quality and average power achieved to date for a beam-combined fiber laser system.
Relationship Between Cows' Milk Consumption and Incidence of IDDM in Childhood (1991)

The results support the hypothesis that cows' milk may contain a triggering factor for the development of IDDM.
The Brainʼs Own Clonidine (1987)

Summary: An endogenous clonidine-like substance was isolated from bovine brain and characterized by its chemical and pharmacological properties. The clonidine displacing substance (CDS) is a noncatecholamine, nonpeptide compound. It is devoid of NH2-group, is thermostable, and has a molecular weight of 587.8 ± 2 daltons. CDS binds selectively to α2-adrenergic receptors in rat brain membranes as measured by displacement of specifically bound [3H]clonidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist, and [3H]rauwolscine, an α2-antagonist, with no affinity for α1-adrenergic receptors. In physiological studies CDS mimics clonidine's action as an inhibitor of the electrically induced twitch response and as a partial agonist of the epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. At the central nervous system CDS antagonizes clonidine action, increases mean arterial pressure when injected into the nucleus reticularis lateralis of rats, and reduces the hypotensive effect upon intracisternal injection. CDS, which interacts at α2-adrenergic receptors and increases mean arterial pressure upon intracerebral injection, may represent a neuroregulator that plays an important role in cardiovascular events.
Inhibitory Effects of Dimeric Copper(II) bis(o‐acetoxybenzoate) on Platelet‐neutrophil adhesion and Thrombosis (2001)

Antithrombotic effect of the copper-aspirin complex (dimeric copper(II) bis(o-acetoxybenzoate) was evaluated in the model of venous thrombosis; its effects on platelet-neutrophil adhesion were investigated by use of rosette assay. The results showed that the intragastrically administered copper-aspirin complex (5, 7, and 10 mg kg(-1)) dose-dependently lowered the wet and dry thrombus weight; it significantly decreased the binding of arachidonic acid-activated platelets to neutrophils with an IC(50) value of 41.5 mumol L(-1). The results suggested that copper aspirinate inhibited platelet-neutrophil adhesion and resulted in a more potent antithrombotic activity.
GreenGate - A Novel, Versatile, and Efficient Cloning System for Plant Transgenesis (2013)

Building expression constructs for transgenesis is one of the fundamental day-to-day tasks in modern biology. Traditionally it is based on a multitude of type II restriction endonucleases and T4 DNA ligase. Especially in case of long inserts and applications requiring high-throughput, this approach is limited by the number of available unique restriction sites and the need for designing individual cloning strategies for each project. Several alternative cloning systems have been developed in recent years to overcome these issues, including the type IIS enzyme based Golden Gate technique. Here we introduce our GreenGate system for rapidly assembling plant transformation constructs, which is based on the Golden Gate method. GreenGate cloning is simple and efficient since it uses only one type IIS restriction endonuclease, depends on only six types of insert modules (plant promoter, N-terminal tag, coding sequence, C-terminal tag, plant terminator and plant resistance cassette), but at the same time allows assembling several expression cassettes in one binary destination vector from a collection of pre-cloned building blocks. The system is cheap and reliable and when combined with a library of modules considerably speeds up cloning and transgene stacking for plant transformation.
Exacerbation of Viral and Autoimmune Animal Models for Multiple Sclerosis by Bacterial DNA (1999)

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection and relapsing-remitting experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) have been used to investigate the viral and autoimmune etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), a possible Th1-type mediated disease. DNA immunization is a novel vaccination strategy in which few harmful effects have been reported. Bacterial DNA and oligodeoxynucleotides, which contain CpG motifs, have been reported to enhance immunostimulation. Our objectives were two-fold: first, to ascertain whether plasmid DNA, pCMV, which is widely used as a vector in DNA immunization studies, could exert immunostimulation in vitro; and second, to test if pCMV injection could modulate animal models for MS in vivo. We demonstrated that this bacterially derived DNA could induce interleukin (IL)-12, interferon (IFN)gamma, (Th1-promoting cytokines), and IL-6 production as well as activate NK cells. Following pCMV injections, SJL/J mice were infected with TMEV or challenged with encephalitogenic myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) peptides. pCMV injection exacerbated TMEV-induced demyelinating disease in a dose-dependent manner. Exacerbation of the disease did not correlate with the number of TMEV-antigen positive cells but did with an increase in anti-TMEV antibody. pCMV injection also enhanced R-EAE with increased IFNgamma and IL-6 responses. These results caution the use of DNA vaccination in MS patients and other possible Th1-mediated diseases.
OFDM encoding with reduced crestfactor (2002)

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been proposed for future high speed wireless LANs and digital (television and audio) broadcasting as a promising multicarrier modulation technique. OFDM offers robustness against significant channel degradation by dispersion. For wireless LANs, the design of the transmitter power amplifier and the characteristics of the modulated signal are key factors deciding the coverage range performance and the product cost. The peak-envelope-power of the transmitter power amplifier is an important parameter in the design of small sized, low power wireless LAN devices. This paper describes an OFDM system with a data encoder/decoder that improves the peak-to-average power ratio of the transmitted signal. In this scheme, the data to be transmitted is converted into symbols for the individual subcarriers, such that the resultant of a pair of symmetrically positioned subcarriers is orthogonal to the resultant of another pair of subcarriers with the same center of symmetry. This conversion gives a reduced ratio between peak envelope-power and the mean (RMS) power, which reduces constraints on the power stage design. Further, the impact on the bit-error rate of clipping the signal in the transmitter before the output amplifier is discussed.
Synthetic full-waveform acoustic logs in cased boreholes; II, Poorly bonded casing (1986)

Abstract A generalization of the technique of Tubman et al. (1984) allows the inclusion of intermediate fluid layers in the theoretical study of elastic wave propagation in a layered borehole. The number and location of fluid layers are arbitrary. The only restrictions are that the central cylinder is fluid and the outermost formation is solid. Synthetic full-waveform microseismograms in poorly bonded cased holes can be generated, allowing investigation of free pipe and cement sheathed pipe with no bond to the formation.If there is a fluid layer between the steel and the cement, the steel is free to ring. The first arrival in this situation is from the casing, even with an extremely thin fluid layer or microannulus. The amplitude and duration of the pipe signal depend upon the thickness of the fluid layer. While the first arrival is from the casing, the formation body-wave energy is present. The character of the waveform will vary as the formation parameters vary. If the duration of the steel arrival is small, it is possible to distinguish the formation P-wave arrival.If the fluid layer is between the cement and the formation, then the steel is well bonded to the cement but the cement is not bonded to the formation. In this case the thicknesses of the fluid and cement layers are important in determining the nature of the first arrival. If there is a large amount of cement bonded to the steel, the cement can damp out the ringing of the pipe and make it possible to distinguish formation arrivals.If there is less cement bonded to the steel, the cement does not damp out the steel ringing but the cement rings along with the steel and the first arrival is from the combination of the steel and the cement. The velocity of this wave depends upon the velocities and thicknesses of the steel and cement layers.
Dual roles of PGE <sub>2</sub> -EP4 signaling in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2010)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although prostaglandin (PG) concentrations are increased in cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients, the role of PGs in MS is unknown. We examined this issue by subjecting mice deficient in each PG receptor type or subtype to EAE induction and using agonists or antagonists selective for each of the four PGE receptor (EP) subtypes. Among PG receptor-deficient mice, only EP4(-/-) mice manifested significant suppression of EAE, which was mimicked in wild-type mice and to a greater extent, in EP2(-/-) mice by administration of the EP4 antagonist ONO-AE3-208 during the immunization phase. EP4 antagonism during immunization also suppressed the generation of antigen-specific T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells in wild-type mice and to a greater extent, in EP2(-/-) mice. ONO-AE3-208 administration at EAE onset had little effect on disease severity, and its administration throughout the experimental period did not cause significant reduction of the peak of disease, suggesting that, in addition to its facilitative action during the immunization phase, EP4 exerts a preventive action in the elicitation phase. Administration of the EP4 agonist ONO-AE1-329 at EAE onset delayed and suppressed disease progression as well as inhibited the associated increase in permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Thus, PGE(2) exerts dual functions in EAE, facilitating Th1 and Th17 cell generation redundantly through EP4 and EP2 during immunization and attenuating invasion of these cells into the brain by protecting the blood-brain barrier through EP4.
Transferrins (1985)

Transferrin is a serum β-globulin with the property of reversibly binding iron. It was originally isolated by Schade and Caroline (1946), although its existence had been inferred from earlier studies which had demonstrated that a small amount of the iron in blood was associated with the plasma protein fraction (Fontes and Thivolle, 1925). There are two other proteins which resemble transferrin in many of their properties: ovotransferrin, present in avian egg white and first isolated by Alderton et al. (1946), and lactoferrin, originally isolated from milk by Johansson et al. (1958). This review will deal with the properties and function of all three proteins, and in addition will mention briefly a few other iron-binding proteins which share some affinity with transferrin. Emphasis will be on molecular aspects of structure and function, and the chapter will deal only briefly with synthesis, catabolism, genetic polymorphism and clinical aspects of the transferrins, which are described in more detail in the comprehensive review by Morgan (1981a). Other recent reviews dealing with the structure and function of transferrin are those by Aisen (1980), Aisen and Listowsky (1980) and Chasteen (1983a), and the properties of the transferrins in the wider context of iron metabolism are dealt with by Bezkorovainy (1980).
Multidatabase management in Pegasus (1991)

Pegasus is an object-oriented multidatabase system being developed at Hewlett-Packard Laboratories. The goal of the system is to provide facilities for multidatabase applications for accessing and manipulating multiple autonomous heterogeneous object-oriented, relational and other databases. This paper gives an overview of the architecture, describes the common object model and gives the justification for adapting the model for a multidatabase system. It describes the database environment of the system, discusses how to manage schemas consisting of types and functions from multiple databases. It briefly describes the features of the data language and gives an example. It discusses a method for dealing with object identification issues in a multidatabase system, reviews schema integration issues and briefly mentions schema mapping to relational models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Small Double-Stranded RNA Mediates the Anti-Cancer Effects of p21<sup>WAF1/ClP1</sup>Transcriptional Activation in a Human Glioma Cell Line (2014)

In the present study, P21 activation by RNA-induced gene activation (RNAa) induced anti-tumor activity in vitro in a human glioma SHG-44 cell line. The results suggested that RNAa could be used for human glioma treatment by targeted activation of tumor suppressor genes.
The anchorage function of CipA (CelL), a scaffolding protein of the Clostridium thermocellum cellulosome. (1995)

Enzymatic cellulose degradation is a heterogeneous reaction requiring binding of soluble cellulase molecules to the solid substrate. Based on our studies of the cellulase complex of Clostridium thermocellum (the cellulosome), we have previously proposed that such binding can be brought about by a special "anchorage subunit." In this "anchor-enzyme" model, CipA (a major subunit of the cellulosome) enhances the activity of CelS (the most abundant catalytic subunit of the cellulosome) by anchoring it to the cellulose surface. We have subsequently reported that CelS contains a conserved duplicated sequence at its C terminus and that CipA contains nine repeated sequences with a cellulose binding domain (CBD) in between the second and third repeats. In this work, we reexamined the anchor-enzyme mechanism by using recombinant CelS (rCelS) and various CipA domains, CBD, R3 (the repeat next to CBD), and CBD/R3, expressed in Escherichia coli. As analyzed by non-denaturing gel electrophoresis, rCelS, through its conserved duplicated sequence, formed a stable complex with R3 or CBD/R3 but not with CBD. Although R3 or CBD alone did not affect the binding of rCelS to cellulose, such binding was dependent on CBD/R3, indicating the anchorage role of CBD/R3. Such anchorage apparently increased the rCelS activity toward crystalline cellulose. These results substantiate the proposed anchor-enzyme model and the expected roles of individual CipA domains and the conserved duplicated sequence of CelS.
A vertical Si/Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ heterojunction pMOSFET with reduced DIBL sensitivity, using a novel gate dielectric approach (2003)

This paper describes a novel vertical pMOS transistor, based on a Si/Si(1-x)Ge/sub x/ heterojunction at the source/channel interface and using a sacrificial Si layer oxidation as gate dielectric.
A new breakfast cereal containing guar gum reduces postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in normal-weight human subjects (1996)

A new guar-containing wheatflake product was developed to assess its effect on carbohydrate tolerance in normal-weight, healthy subjects. The extruded wheatflake breakfast cereals containing 0 (control) or approximately 90 g guar gum/kg DM were fed to ten fasting, normal-weight, healthy subjects using a repeated measures design. The meals were similar in energy (approximately 1.8 MJ), available carbohydrate (78 g), protein (15 g) and fat (5.4 g) content. The guar gum content of the test meals was 6.3 g. Venous blood samples were taken fasting and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 240 min after commencing each breakfast and analysed for plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide. The guar wheatflake meal produced a significant main effect for glucose and insulin at 0-60 min and 0-240 min time intervals respectively, but not for the C-peptide levels compared with the control meal. Significant reductions in postprandial glucose and insulin responses were seen following the guar wheatflake meal compared with the control meal at 15 and 60 min (glucose) and 15, 60, 90 and 120 min (insulin). The 60 and 120 min areas under the curve for glucose and insulin were significantly reduced by the guar gum meal, as was the 240 min area under the curve for insulin. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of a severe method of heat extrusion to produce guar wheatflakes does not diminish the physiological activity of the guar gum.
Model for continuously scanning ultrasound vibrometer sensing displacements of randomly rough vibrating surfaces (2007)

An analytic model is developed for the time-dependent ultrasound field reflected off a randomly rough vibrating surface for a continuously scanning ultrasound vibrometer system in bistatic configuration. Kirchhoff's approximation to Green's theorem is applied to model the three-dimensional scattering interaction of the ultrasound wave field with the vibrating rough surface. The model incorporates the beam patterns of both the transmitting and receiving ultrasound transducers and the statistical properties of the rough surface. Two methods are applied to the ultrasound system for estimating displacement and velocity amplitudes of an oscillating surface: incoherent Doppler shift spectra and coherent interferometry. Motion of the vibrometer over the randomly rough surface leads to time-dependent scattering noise that causes a randomization of the received signal spectrum. Simulations with the model indicate that surface displacement and velocity estimation are highly dependent upon the scan velocity and projected wavelength of the ultrasound vibrometer relative to the roughness height standard deviation and correlation length scales of the rough surface. The model is applied to determine limiting scan speeds for ultrasound vibrometer measuring ground displacements arising from acoustic or seismic excitation to be used in acoustic landmine confirmation sensing.
Efficacy of combination therapy with ezetimibe and statins versus a double dose of statin monotherapy in participants with hypercholesterolemia: a meta-analysis of literature (2020)

The addition of ezetimibe to statin appears to be more effective on reducing LDL-C and TC concentrations than doubling the statin dose. Moreover, the ability to reduce cholesterol levels of combinations therapy with ezetimibe and different statins or to participants from different geographic location may vary, based on this meta-analysis, while more samples are needed to verify.
Hierarchical multi-rate control design for constrained linear systems (2010)

This paper proposes a hierarchical multi-rate control design approach to linear systems subject to linear constraints on input and output variables. At the lower level, a linear controller stabilizes the open-loop process without considering the constraints. A higher-level controller commands reference signals at a lower sampling frequency so as to enforce linear constraints on the variables of the process. By optimally constraining the magnitude and the rate of variation of the reference signals applied to the lower control layer, we provide quantitative criteria for selecting the ratio between the sampling rates of the upper and lower layers to preserve closed-loop stability without violating the prescribed constraints.