gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature monitoring of short-gate length AlGaN/GaN HEMT via an integrated sensor (2018)

This paper describes a new method to measure AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) operating temperature in devices dedicated to RF application. A resistive nickel temperature sensor is integrated into HEMT active area. The technological process development permits to integrate the sensor close to the transistor hot spot providing HEMT temperature under operation. A maximal temperature of 68°C is extracted for a dissipated power of 3.5 W/ mm corresponding to a thermal resistance of 10.6 Kmm/W. This new method shows the capability to monitor component self-heating in real time and to predict its failure. Furthermore, it is shown that the sensor has no influence on DC HEMT electrical behavior and its impact on current and power cutoff frequencies is negligible.
An NMR study of the step by step pyrolysis of a polysilazane precursor of silicon nitride (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn NMR study of the step by step pyrolysis of a polysilazane precursor of silicon nitrideNancy Brodie, Jean Pierre Majoral, and Jean Pierre DissonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 21, 4646–4649Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00073a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00073a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quality analysis of chlorogenic acid and hyperoside in Crataegi fructus (2016)

Quantitative analysis method of chlorogenic acid and hyperoside in Crataegi fructus is developed by high.performance liquid chromatography.(HPLC).diode array detectionEstablished HPLC analysis method is validated with linearity, precision, and accuracyThe developed method was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of Crataegi fructus sample collected from Korea and China. Abbreviations used: HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography, GC: Gas chromatography, MS: Mass spectrometer, LOD: Limits of detection, LOQ: Limits of quantification, RSD: Relative standard deviation, RRT: Relative retention time, RPA: Relation peak area.
Effects of waste stream combinations from brewing industry on performance of Black Soldier Fly, <i>Hermetia illucens</i> (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) (2018)

The implications of these findings as part of a quality control procedure for commercial production of high-quality <i>H. illucens</i> larvae as an alternative protein ingredient in livestock and aquaculture feed are discussed.
Theoretical Optimization of Stimulation Strategies for a Directionally Segmented Deep Brain Stimulation Electrode Array (2015)

Programming deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems currently involves a clinician manually sweeping through a range of stimulus parameter settings to identify the setting that delivers the most robust therapy for a patient. With the advent of DBS arrays with a higher number and density of electrodes, this trial and error process becomes unmanageable in a clinical setting. This study developed a computationally efficient, model-based algorithm to estimate an electrode configuration that will most strongly activate tissue within a volume of interest. The cerebellar-receiving area of motor thalamus, the target for treating essential tremor with DBS, was rendered from imaging data and discretized into grid points aligned in approximate afferent and efferent axonal pathway orientations. A finite-element model (FEM) was constructed to simulate the volumetric tissue voltage during DBS. We leveraged the principle of voltage superposition to formulate a convex optimization-based approach to maximize activating function (AF) values at each grid point (via three different criteria), hence increasing the overall probability of action potential initiation and neuronal entrainment within the target volume. For both efferent and afferent pathways, this approach achieved global optima within several seconds. The optimal electrode configuration and resulting AF values differed across each optimization criteria and between axonal orientations. This approach only required a set of FEM simulations equal to the number of DBS array electrodes, and could readily accommodate anisotropic-inhomogeneous tissue conductances or other axonal orientations. The algorithm provides an efficient, flexible determination of optimal electrode configurations for programming DBS arrays.
The Quality Map: A Tool for Reservoir Uncertainty Quantification and Decision Making (2004)

Summary The parameters that govern fluid flow through heterogeneous reservoirs are numerous and uncertain. Even when it is possible to visualize all the parameters together, the complex and nonlinear interaction between them makes it difficult to predict the dynamic reservoir responses to production. A flow simulator may be used to evaluate the responses and make reservoir management decisions, but normally only one deterministic set of parameters is considered, and no uncertainty is associated with the responses or taken into account for the decisions. This paper introduces the concept of a "quality map," which is a 2D representation of the reservoir responses and their uncertainties. The quality concept may be applied to compare reservoirs, to rank stochastic realizations, and to incorporate reservoir characterization uncertainty into decision making (such as choosing well locations) with fewer full-field simulation runs. The data points necessary to generate the quality map are obtained by running a flow simulator with a single vertical well completed in all the layers and varying the location of the well in each run to have good coverage of the entire horizontal grid. The quality of the horizontal cell in which the well is located is the cumulative oil production after a long production time. The geological model uncertainty is captured by generating multiple stochastic realizations and building a quality map for each realization. The quality maps of all the realizations provide a distribution of quality values for each cell of the map grid. A mean quality map can be obtained by taking the expected value for each cell, and a map of quality uncertainty can be obtained by taking the standard deviation of the distribution for each cell. If a loss function is specified, an L-optimal quality map can be generated by retaining, for each cell, the quality value that minimizes the expected loss. This map allows us to locate wells accounting for the geological uncertainty as well as for the risk profile of the decision maker. The methodology for building the quality map is presented in detail, and the applications of the map are demonstrated with 50 realistic reservoir models.
Life-Styles, Health Status and Medical Care Utilization (1982)

This study examines the relationship between three life-style variables (drinking, smoking, and physical activity) and three health status measures (physical, mental and general health status) and the use of medical care services. Up to seven years of utilization data were available for linkage with survey data on life-style variables of a random sample of 2,502 adults in an HMO. Relationships between life-style variables and health status measures were examined. Then each life-style variable was examined in relation to medical care utilization for eight disease classes in an ICDA-based disease classification system. A separate analysis is performed for males and females in four age categories. While relationships between the life-style variables and health status measures are not statistically significant for all sex/age groups, they are quite consistently in the expected direction, and life-style variables show some potentially interesting relationships to utilization for diseases with strong psychological or emotional components.
Characterization of M Gene‐Deficient Rabies Virus with Advantages of Effective Immunization and Safety as a Vaccine Strain (2005)

Matrix (M) protein of rabies virus is known to play an important role in assembly and budding of the progeny virus. We generated an M gene-deficient rabies virus, RC-HLDeltaM, using a reverse genetics system of rabies virus RC-HL strain to develop a novel type of vaccine. RC-HLDeltaM infection was confined within a single cell in mouse neuroblastoma cells. This deficient virus failed to generate the progeny virus in the cells. In contrast, RC-HLDeltaM propagated in BHK cells inductively expressing M protein. Suckling and adult mice inoculated intracerebrally with the parental RC-HL strain showed lethal infection and transient body weight loss, respectively, whereas both suckling and adult mice inoculated with RC-HLDeltaM showed no symptoms. The neutralizing antibody against rabies virus was successfully induced by intramuscular immunization with 10(5) focus-forming units of RC-HLDeltaM but not UV-inactivated RC-HL. Intranasal immunization with RC-HLDeltaM resulted in almost the same antibody titer to rabies virus as that in the case of immunization with live RC-HL strain. These findings indicate that RC-HLDeltaM is a candidate for a novel rabies vaccine that is safer and more effective than are current vaccines.
Self-Assembly and Encoding of Polymer-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Reporter Molecules (2007)

Polymer-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared and encoded with a range of surface-enhanced Raman reporter molecules. A range of as-synthesized polymers produced by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization were demonstrated to self-assemble at the surface of AuNPs dispersed in water. The method involved the coprecipitation of polymer-gold conjugates by the addition of polymer dissolved in a water-miscible solvent to gold AuNPs dispersed in water. This method represents a simplification of the preparation of polymer-stabilized AuNPs compared with other published methods, in that the AuNPs do not need to be first transferred to an organic solvent. The process enabled the polymer stabilized AuNPs to be easily recovered by filtration or by phase transfer of the AuNPs to an organic solvent in which the RAFT polymer was soluble. The polymer-stabilized AuNPs were characterized by a range of methods including UV-visible spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, 1H pulsed field gradient spin echo NMR was utilized to characterize the self-diffusion of the polymer-stabilized AuNPs. Finally, we then demonstrated that these polymer-stabilized AuNPs maintained their ability to be encoded with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy reporter molecules.
Integrated Management Approaches in Higher Education (2015)

This study analyses how various management approaches can be integrated in higher education institutions to improve institutional performance. Strategic management is the basis on which quality assurance is built. The purpose of the quality assurance system is to ensure that the strategic and other objectives of the institution can be achieved. Quality management refers to the processes that the institution uses to maintain and develop the quality of its activities. Higher education institutions need integrated management which includes strategic management, quality assurance, pedagogical management, and process management at the core of management approaches. The internal validity presumes that one of these management approaches leads to another approach that forms a consistent management system. The study argues that structural changes are not sufficient to improve institutional performance, because they are independent of processes. Process management with other management approaches is essential to improve the institutional performance.
The nature of the binding site for aromatic compounds in glycogen phosphorylase <i>b</i> (1975)

The inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase b (1,4-alpha-D-glucan--orthophosphate alpha-glucosyltransferase, EC 2.4.1.1) by aromatic compounds was examined with 15 compounds. The relative effectiveness of the inhibitors correlated well with increasing substituent constant, pi, indicating the hydrophobic nature of the binding site. The inhibition was not affected by the ionic-strength variation of the assay mixtures. The results predict that the course of chemical modification of this enzyme and the properties of the derivatives depend on the nature of the reagent and on the incorporated groups. Many of the dissimilar and sometimes contradictory results reported for chemical-modification studies and for chemically modified phosphorylase b are explained by the findings presented in the paper.
The first and the final fifty nanoseconds of a fast focus discharge (1983)

Conventional plasma focus devices of different capacitor bank energy (kilojoules to megajoules) show very similar discharge behavior with respect to breakdown, compression, and pinch data. The use of SPEED 1—a plasma focus driven by a fast high impedance bank (voltage 200 kV, initial current rise &gt;5×1012 A/sec, bank impedance 160 mΩ),—allowed the investigation of a 400 nsec discharge in a parameter range not previously accessible. Considerable improvement of current and neutron efficiency (30 A/J; 106/J) has been achieved as compared with values (≤20 A/J; 2×105/J) of conventional slow devices of equal energy (20 kJ). Exceptional compression dynamics (current derivative spike &gt;1013 A/sec FWHM 10 nsec) is observed from electric signals. This is due to the current stabilizing effect of the high bank impedance and especially to improved current sheath structure (reduced thickness, enhanced conductivity). Current density and conductivity of the sheath depend on ignition parameters at breakdown (voltage, current rise), the low values of which are possibly responsible for the similarity of the discharge behavior of conventional devices. Conclusions on further improvements are drawn.
High frequency measurements of CoFeHfO thin films (2001)

High-frequency measurements of the transverse susceptibility and damping constant of CoFeHfO thin films have been made over a frequency range of 0.1 GHz to 6 GHz as a function of film resistivity, thickness, and temperature. The film resistivity varied from 250 /spl mu//spl Omega/cm to 2100 /spl mu//spl Omega/cm. The films show relatively low damping at high frequencies with the damping constant /spl alpha/ ranging from 0.01 to 0.06. The damping constant increases with film resistivity and, for the highest resistivity films, the damping constant decreases as the thickness increases. The damping constant, induced anisotropy, and film resistivity show weak temperature dependence over a temperature range from 4 K to 300 K. The low damping constant, in conjunction with the high anisotropy, large resistivity, and large spin-dependent-tunneling magnetoresistance, makes this material attractive for several high-frequency magnetic device applications.
Suppression of Phase Transition in LiTb<sub>0.01</sub>Mn<sub>1.99</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Cathodes with Fast Li<sup>+</sup> Diffusion (2012)

The structural characteristics of terbium-doped spinel LiTb(x)Mn(2-x)O(4) related to the electrochemical performance were studied as the cathode in lithium-ion batteries. We chose terbium as the dopant, which is a well-known mixed-valent cation (3+/4+), expecting that it would provide structural stabilization and improve the power density. LiTb(x)Mn(2-x)O(4) revealed that terbium doping significantly affected the lattice structure and lithium-ion diffusion during charge-discharge cycles, resulting in an enhanced capacity retention and rate capability at an extremely small amount of terbium doping (LiTb(0.01)Mn(1.99)O(4)). The absence of two-cubic phase formation in the delithiated state and a tetragonal phase in the overlithiated state, along with a reduced dimensional change of the main cubic phase during charge-discharge, provided LiTb(0.01)Mn(1.99)O(4) with structural stability at both room temperature and 60 °C. The fast lithium-ion diffusion resulted in reduced polarization, which became more conspicuous as the C rates increased. As a result, the power density of LiTb(0.01)Mn(1.99)O(4), which was similar to that of LiMn(2)O(4) at 1C (476.1 W·kg(-1) for LiMn(2)O(4) vs 487.0 W·kg(-1) for LiTb(0.01)Mn(1.99)O(4)), was greatly improved at higher C rates. For example, the power density of LiTb(0.01)Mn(1.99)O(4) was improved to 4000 and 6000 W·kg(-1) at 10 and 20, respectively, compared with 3120 and 3320 W·kg(-1) for pristine LiMn(2)O(4).
Brush cytology in the diagnosis of neoplasia in Barrett’s esophagus (1997)

Esophageal cytology may improve sensitivity for the detection of malignancy but can be difficult to interpret in the presence of inflammation. To assess the value of cytology in assessing patients with Barrett's esophagus a retrospective review was performed. One hundred and sixty two patients (87 esophageal/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, 65 non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus and 10 dysplastic Barrett's esophagus) had biopsies and brushings taken for histological and cytological assessment. Eighty two of 92 patients with carcinoma or high-grade dysplasia had true positive malignant cytology. Seven of 65 patients with non-dysplastic but inflamed Barrett's esophagus had false positive malignant cytology. One of these patients had an esophagectomy on the basis of cytology but no tumor was found in the resection specimen. This translates into an 89% sensitivity and specificity of cytology for the detection of esophageal columnar neoplasia. Cytology from Barrett's esophagus can be misleading in the presence of severe inflammation. Cells from a benign Barrett's ulcer may appear frankly malignant when examined in isolation. Esophagectomy should not be performed on the basis of cytological evidence alone.
Recent advances in pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis (1999)

Recent advances in antihistamine therapy have involved the development of more nonsedating antihistamines and a focus on topical preparations. Nasal steroids remain the mainstay of treatment for all types of rhinitis, but concerns about systemic adverse effects have tempered some of the initial enthusiasm for these preparations. Topical anticholinergic agents are an additional tool for the control of rhinorrhea. The role of leukotriene modifiers in the management of nasal allergy remains unclear. The search continues for the “ideal” drug or combination of drugs for allergic rhinitis; for now, each patient’s unique circumstances must be considered when pharmacotherapy is being chosen.
Resolution of Verb Ellipsis in Japanese Sentence using Surface Expressions and Examples (1999)

Verbs are sometimes omitted in Japanese sentences. It is necessary to recover omitted verbs for purposes of language understanding, machine translation, and conversational processing. This paper describes a practical way to recover omitted verbs by using surface expressions and examples. We experimented the resolution of verb ellipses by using this information, and obtained a recall rate of 73% and a precision rate of 66% on test sentences.
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases disrupt the cellulose fibers structure (2017)

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are a class of powerful oxidative enzymes that breakdown recalcitrant polysaccharides such as cellulose. Here we investigate the action of LPMOs on cellulose fibers. After enzymatic treatment and dispersion, LPMO-treated fibers show intense fibrillation. Cellulose structure modifications visualized at different scales indicate that LPMO creates nicking points that trigger the disintegration of the cellulose fibrillar structure with rupture of chains and release of elementary nanofibrils. Investigation of LPMO action using solid-state NMR provides direct evidence of modification of accessible and inaccessible surfaces surrounding the crystalline core of the fibrils. The chains breakage likely induces modifications of the cellulose network and weakens fibers cohesion promoting their disruption. Besides the formation of new initiation sites for conventional cellulases, this work provides the first evidence of the direct oxidative action of LPMOs with the mechanical weakening of the cellulose ultrastructure. LPMOs can be viewed as promising biocatalysts for enzymatic modification or degradation of cellulose fibers.
Optimization of ethanol production from starch by an amylolytic nuclear petite <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> strain (2006)

Ethanol fermentation characteristics of the 100% respiratory-deficient nuclear petite amylolytic Saccharomyces cerevisiae NPB-G strain was investigated in both shake-flask and controlled bioreactor cultivation conditions, and comparison with the earlier reported results revealed 54.6% increase in ethanol yield. Efforts to improve the starch utilization rate by increasing the selection pressure or supplying the fermentation medium with glucose did not prevent the observed decrease in time-dependent amylolytic activity. Response surface methodology (RSM) was then used as a statistical tool to optimize the initial yeast extract and starch contents of the medium, which resulted in a substantial increase in the stability of the expression plasmid in both the respiratory-deficient NPB-G and the parental respiratory-sufficient WTPB-G strains, with concomitant improvement in their amylolytic potentials. High ethanol yields on substrate values of the bioreactor cultures, which were very close to the theoretical yield, indicated that the amylolytic respiratory-deficient NPB-G strain was effective in the direct fermentation of starch into ethanol.
Development of mixed-conducting ceramic membranes for hydrogen separation. (1998)

SrCeO{sub 3}- and BaCeO{sub 3}-based proton conductors have been prepared and their transport properties have been investigated by impedance spectroscopy in conjunction with open circuit voltage and water vapor evolution measurements. BaCe{sub 0.8}Y{sub 0.2}O{sub 3-{delta}} exhibits the highest conductivity in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere; however, its electronic conductivity is not adequate for hydrogen separation in a nongalvanic mode. In an effort to enhance ambipolar conductivity and improve interfacial catalytic properties, BaCe{sub 0.8}Y{sub 0.2}O{sub 3-{delta}} cermets have been fabricated into membranes. The effects of ambipolar conductivity, membrane thickness, and interfacial resistance on permeation rates have been investigated. In particular, the significance of interfacial resistance is emphasized.