gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metformin in Cancer Therapy: A New Perspective for an Old Antidiabetic Drug? (2010)

Metformin is the most widely used antidiabetic drug in the world, and there is increasing evidence of a potential efficacy of this agent as an anticancer drug. First, epidemiological studies show a decrease in cancer incidence in metformin-treated patients. Second, metformin decreases insulin resistance and indirectly reduces insulin level, a beneficial effect because insulin promotes cancer cell growth. Third, several reports outline a direct inhibitory effect of metformin on cancer cell growth and an antitumoral action. Finally, metformin activates the AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, a major sensor of the energetic status of the cell, which has been proposed as a promising therapeutic target in cancer.
A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive (LiquiBand) With Sutures for Skin Closure After Laparoscopic General Surgical Procedures (2006)

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (Liquiband) with nonabsorbable monofilament sutures for laparoscopic port site closure. Adult patients having elective laparoscopic procedures were randomly allocated to wound closure with sutures or tissue adhesive. End points included skin closure time, wound dressing requirements, wound complications, and cosmesis, assessed at discharge, 4 to 6 weeks and 3 months. Seventy-eight patients randomized to receive sutures and 76 to receive tissue adhesive were eligible for final analysis. Mean closure time was significantly longer for sutures (220 vs. 125 s, P < 0.001). Fewer dressings were required in the tissue adhesive group immediately postoperatively (21% vs. 97%, P < 0.001) and at discharge (24% vs. 82%, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in wound complications or in cosmesis at either 4 to 6 weeks or at 3 months. Tissue adhesive for laparoscopic port site closure offers potential savings with respect to time and has comparable wound complication rates and cosmetic outcomes when compared with nonabsorbable monofilament sutures.
The Data Consistency Conundrum: Deferred Versus Immediate Checking (1989)

To protect the referential integrity of their data, users of data base management systems (DBMSs) can select one of two ways to check the consistency of their data bases. This column discusses the advantages of each of these methods–immediate checking and deferred checking – and their importance to referential integrity.
Cytokine secretion profiles of cloned T cells from human aortic atherosclerotic plaques (1999)

T cells take part in the chronic inflammatory reaction in atherosclerotic plaques, but their specific role in atherosclerosis has not yet been fully elucidated. Nevertheless, one may anticipate that activated T cells may secrete cytokines capable of modulating the morphology and hence the stability of plaques by regulating cell proliferation, lipid metabolism, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and/or degradation. This study has been designed to investigate the functional properties of T cells in atherosclerotic lesions. For this purpose, T-cell clones were generated from atherosclerotic plaques isolated from human aortas obtained at autopsy from six subjects. Cloned cells were activated with PMA and OKT-3 to initiate cytokine production and cytokine profiles of CD4-positive clones were measured by ELISA. The majority of the T-cell clones (125/155, 81 per cent) produced both interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4 (type 0 cytokine profile). Moreover, the production of IFN-gamma was dominant in the majority of these clones. A type 1 cytokine profile (high levels of IFN-gamma and low levels of IL-4) was found in 17 per cent of the clones (27/155). Only three clones (2 per cent) showed a type 2 cytokine secretion pattern (high levels of IL-4 and low levels of IFN-gamma). No cytolytic activity could be established in plaque-derived T cells. Our results show that the T-cell population in atherosclerotic lesions is heterogeneous, but the most dominant T cell by far is the one with a type 0 cytokine profile. The dominant secretion of IFN-gamma by T-cell clones suggest an important role for plaque T cells in modulating the growth and differentiation of other cells, such as macrophages and smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic plaques.
Heat shock proteins in myocardial stress. (1995)

In this overview four questions were discussed related to heat shock proteins and myocardial ischemia. Heat shock proteins are chaperones which associate with malfolded proteins and prevent their aggregation into large damaging complexes. In myocardial ischemia, the inducible heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), the mitochondrial heat shock protein 60 and the small 27 heat shock protein increases after 30 minutes of ischemia of the rat heart and subsequent reperfusion. In addition, we describe direct evidence for the protective effect of heat shock proteins against simulated ischemia in H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells are an embryonal rat heart derived permanent cell line which maintains some features of cardiac myocytes. Making stable lines overexpressing the inducible hsp70 we could show that simulated ischemia leads to less injury in H9c2 cells overexpressing the hsp70 transgene. In addition, transgenic mice were constructed in which the rat inducible hsp70 is induced in cardiac myocytes. Submitting such hearts in a Langendorf isolated heart perfusion set-up to 20 minutes of global ischemia and following the contractile recovery of the heart, we found that in transgenic mouse hearts contractile recovery was significantly enhanced. Furthermore in hearts from transgenic mice overexpressing the inducible hsp70, less CK release occurs and infarct size was decreased. In summary, increased expression of the inducible hsp70 exerts a protective effect against the injury induced by myocardial ischemia.
Optoelectronic method for inline compensation of XPM in long-haul optical links (2015)

We propose an optoelectronic subsystem for inline compensation of XPM-induced phase noise in long-haul optical links. Based on intensity-dependent phase rotation, these compensators are used to suppress XPM on a span-by-span basis. Using a 7-channel hybrid WDM system as a test case, our simulations show that this technique is effective at suppressing XPM in dispersion managed and unmanaged links for various transmission distances.
Pentapeptide YIGSR‐mediated HT‐1080 fibrosarcoma cells targeting of adriamycin encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes (2004)

In the peptide-targeted therapy for cancer, peptides are used to reach a selective and specific target in cancer cells. Peptides are used free or coupled to chemotherapeutic drugs, phagues, proteins, polymers, liposomes, and polymer-grafted liposomes. Using this latter approach, the pentapeptide YIGSR was coupled to the distal end from carboxyl groups of liposome-grafted polyethyleneglycol (PEG) chains (YIGSR-PEG-liposome). As a control, the peptide PEAGD coupled to PEG-liposome was used. The biological activity of YIGSR-PEG-liposome was tested using HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. In adhesion assays, the YIGSR-PEG-liposome coated to plastic plates promoted 30% of the specific cell attachment. In competition assays, YIGSR-PEG-liposome inhibited the specific attachment of cells to laminin-1-coated plates by 25%. Following this, we prepared peptide-PEG-liposomes encapsulating adriamycin (ADR). In vitro cytotoxicity assays against HT-1080 cells gave IC(50) values 2.1 times lower for YIGSR-PEG-liposomal ADR in comparison to PEAGD-PEG-liposomal ADR. The free peptide added in excess increased the IC(50) value of YIGSR-PEG-liposomal ADR by 72%, while the IC(50) value of control liposomal ADR was unaffected, supporting a receptor-mediated mechanism of targeting. In addition, the lower IC(50) value is correlated with a higher total of ADR accumulation in the cells.
Mathematical Perspectives on Neural Networks (2013)

Contents: Preface: Multilayer Structure of the Book and Its Summaries. P. Smolensky, Overview: Computational, Dynamical, and Statistical Perspectives on the Processing and Learning Problems in Neural Network Theory. Part I: Computational Perspectives. P. Smolensky, Overview: Computational Perspectives on Neural Networks. S. Franklin, M. Garzon, Computation by Discrete Neural Nets. I. Parberry, Circuit Complexity and Feedforward Neural Networks. J.S. Judd, Complexity of Learning. E.H.L Aarts, J.H.M. Korst, P.J. Zwietering, Deterministic and Randomized Local Search. M.B. Pour-El, The Mathematical Theory of the Analog Computer. Part II: Dynamical Perspectives. P. Smolensky, Overview: Dynamical Perspectives on Neural Networks. M.W. Hirsch, Dynamical Systems. L.F. Abbott, Statistical Analysis of Neural Networks. K.S. Narendra, S-M. Li, Neural Networks in Control Systems. A.S. Weigend, Time Series Analysis and Prediction. Part III: Statistical Perspectives. P. Smolensky, Overview: Statistical Perspectives on Neural Networks. R. Szeliski, Regularization in Neural Nets. D.E. Rumelhart, R. Durbin, R. Goldin, Y. Chauvin, Backpropagation: The Basic Theory. J. Rissanen, Information Theory and Neural Nets. A. Nadas, R.L. Mercer, Hidden Markov Models and Some Connections with Artificial Neural Nets. D. Haussler, Probably Approximately Correct Learning and Decision-Theoretic Generalizations. H. White, Parametric Statistical Estimation with Artificial Neural Networks. V.N. Vapnik, Inductive Principles of Statistics and Learning Theory.
An integrated NMOS operational amplifier with internal compensation (1976)

An internally compensated differential operational amplifier is described which has been fabricated using n-channel Al-gate MOS technology. Only enhancement mode devices are used, and the circuit has been designed so that its performance is insensitive to process parameters.
Mechanisms of Levetiracetam in the Control of Status Epilepticus and Epilepsy (2014)

Status epilepticus (SE) is a major clinical emergency that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. SE causes significant neuronal injury and survivors are at a greater risk of developing acquired epilepsy and other neurological morbidities, including depression and cognitive deficits. Benzodiazepines and some anticonvulsant agents are drugs of choice for initial SE management. Despite their effectiveness, over 40% of SE cases are refractory to the initial treatment with two or more medications. Thus, there is an unmet need of developing newer anti-SE drugs. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a widely prescribed anti-epileptic drug that has been reported to be used in SE cases, especially in benzodiazepine-resistant SE or where phenytoin cannot be used due to allergic side-effects. Levetiracetam's non-classical anti-epileptic mechanisms of action, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, general lack of central depressant effects, and lower incidence of drug interactions contribute to its use in SE management. This review will focus on LEV's unique mechanism of action that makes it a viable candidate for SE treatment.
급성 Valproic acid 중독에서 L-carnitine과 체외 제거방법: 체계적 고찰 (2014)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the evidence comparing the efficacy and safety between L-carnitine and extracorporeal elimination therapy in the management of acute valproic acid L-carnitine vs Extracorporeal Elimination for Acute Valproic acid Intoxication Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, KoreaMed, KMbase, and KISS were searched, using the terms carnitine and valproic acid. All studies, regardless of design, reporting efficacy or safety endpoints were included. Reference citations from identified publications were reviewed. Both English and Korean languages were included. Two authors extracted primary data elements including poisoning severity, presenting features, clinical management, and outcomes. Results: Thirty two articles including 33 cases were identified. Poisoning severity was classified as 3 mild, 11 moderate, and 19 severe cases. Nine cases were treated with L-carnitine while 24 cases received extracorporeal therapy without L-carnitine. All patients except one expired patient treated with hemodialysis recovered clinically and no adverse effects were noted. A case report comparing two patients who ingested the same amount of valproic acid showed increased ICU stay (3 vs 11 days) in case of delayed extracorporeal therapy. Conclusion: Published evidence comparing L-carnitine with extracorporeal therapy is limited. Based on the available evidence, it is reasonable to consider L-carnitine for patients with acute valproic acid overdose. In case of severe poisoning, extracorporeal therapy would also be considered in the early phase of treatment.
Sesquiterpene synthesis. Studies relating to the synthesis of (.+-.)-dugesialactone (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSesquiterpene synthesis. Studies relating to the synthesis of (.+-.)-dugesialactoneP. A. Zoretic, J. L. Ferrari, C. Bhakta, F. Barcelos, and B. BranchaudCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 7, 1327–1329Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00346a032RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (431 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Expression and regulation of the CXC-chemokines, GRO/KC and IP-10/mob-1 in rat seminiferous tubules. (2000)

Testicular inflammation is classically observed in the pathogenesis of viral and bacterial infection or tumoral invasion. In these situations, leukocyte infiltration is generally encountered. GRO/KC (growth-related oncogene) and IP-10/mob-1 (IFN-gamma-inducible protein) are two CXC-chemokines which attract neutrophils and activated T lymphocytes, respectively, have been studied for their ability to participate to testicular inflammation (orchitis). In the present work, using Northern blot and immunocytochemistry, we aimed to investigate whether GRO/KC and IP-10/mob-1 are produced within the seminiferous tubules of the testis and if these chemokines are induced by a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Our results show that GRO/KC and IP-10/mob-1 mRNAs were never found in germ cells, whether they were stimulated or not. In contrast, GRO/KC mRNA was expressed by isolated peritubular cells when stimulated by interleukin-1 alpha and beta (IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta) or LPS and to a lesser extent by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and by Sertoli cells when the latter were stimulated by rIL-alpha and rIL-1 beta and to a lesser extent by TNF-alpha and LPS. Moreover, IP10/mob-1 transcripts were strongly induced in peritubular cells by interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma, whereas, in isolated Sertoli cells, INF-alpha and TNF-alpha were the only potent inducers. The kinetics of GRO/KC and IP-10/mob-1 mRNA expression by peritubular and Sertoli cells (significant stimulation as early as 1 hour and 4 hours post-exposure to the stimuli, respectively) are compatible with the hypothesis of a rapid mobilisation of these cells in an inflammatory process. Moreover, the dose-dependent effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines to induce a chemokine response were compatible with a high sensitivity of peritubular and Sertoli cells in orchitis. In conclusion, this present study shows that 2 CXC-chemokines, GRO/KC and IP10/mob-1, are produced by testicular somatic cells of seminiferous tubules, strongly indicating a likely role of these chemokines in the accumulation of neutrophils and T lymphocytes during orchitis of various origins.
Spectrum analyzer overlap requirements and detectability using discrete Fourier transform and composite digital filters (1978)

In spectrum analysis, a primary measure of performance is the minimum detectable signal (MDS). Detectability dictates the compute speed necessary to meet both time and frequency overlap requirements. It is becoming increasingly popular to compute the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and these elemental filters are complex weighted or otherwise combined to form more complex filters. Applications of this include the proportional bandwidth filter comb and all time-weighting functions such as Hanning, Hamming, and Taylor or their frequency equivalents. Overlap requirements are thereby changed and MDS must be defined so it can be extrapolated to these composite filters. The overlap requirement and MDS are so defined in this paper. Experimental performance is then given and compared to the predictions.
SYNTHESIS OF 6-SUBSTITUTED-6H-INDENO[1,2-c]ISOQUINOLINE-5,11-DIONES (1982)

(1982). SYNTHESIS OF 6-SUBSTITUTED-6H-INDENO[1,2-c]ISOQUINOLINE-5,11-DIONES. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 163-168.
Surface preparation and double layer effect for silane application on electrogalvanized steel (2023)

Abstract Silanes are an alternative to replace pretreatments based on Cr(VI) for electrogalvanized steel (ES). As the interaction between the silane and the metal is important to ensure pretreatment efficiency, surface preparation is a critical step. In this sense, the presence of OH groups on the metal surface is essential. In this paper, the surface preparation of ES and a single/double layer application on the corrosion protection afforded by 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane was studied. The metal surface was cleaned by polishing, electrochemically (employing anodic or cathodic current) or by chemical oxidation. The electrochemical behavior of the cleaned surfaces was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Afterwards, the hydrolyzed silane was applied in a single or double layer. Coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EIS and by exposure to the humidity chamber. Coatings applied on ES cleaned by electrochemical anodic processes or chemical oxidation provided the best protective performance due to a lower surface of zinc exposed to the high humidity environment. Double layer coatings improved protection due to more homogeneous and higher Si content, sealing defects and increasing the thickness of the one-layer protection, enhancing the barrier protection of the silane.
Efficient computation of Gabor features (2005)

Gabor filter responses are widely and successfully used as general purpose features in many computer vision tasks, such as in texture segmentation, face detection and recognition, and iris recognition. In a typical feature construction the Gabor filters are utilized via multi-resolution structure, consisting of filters tuned to several different frequencies and orientations. The multi-resolution structure relates the Gabor features to wavelets, but the main difference, non-orthogonality, also is connected to the main weakness of the Gabor features: computational heaviness. The computational complexity prevents their use in many real-time or near real-time tasks, such as in object tracking. Fortunately, many arithmetic tricks exist which can be employed to significantly improve the computational complexity with negligible loss in accuracy. The main contribution of this study is the comprehensive survey of existing and development of new improvements which can be applied to filter parameter selection, filter construction, and feature computation. They are combined to provide a complete framework for optimally efficient computation of Gabor features. To make the proposed framework the most valuable and useful the implementation is distributed as public software.
Conversion of pre-RISC to holo-RISC by Ago2 during assembly of RNAi complexes (2006)

In the Drosophila RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct Argonaute2 (Ago2), an endonuclease, within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to cleave complementary mRNA targets. In vitro studies have shown that, for each siRNA duplex, RISC retains only one strand, the guide, and releases the other, the passenger, to form a holo-RISC complex. Here, we have isolated a new Ago2 mutant allele and provide, for the first time, in vivo evidence that endogenous Ago2 slicer activity is important to mount an RNAi response in Drosophila. We demonstrate in vivo that efficient removal of the passenger strand from RISC requires the cleavage activity of Ago2. We have also identified a new intermediate complex in the RISC assembly pathway, pre-RISC, in which Ago2 is stably bound to double-stranded siRNA.
Sensitivity analysis and principal component analysis in free energy calculations (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSensitivity analysis and principal component analysis in free energy calculationsC. F. Wong and H. RabitzCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 24, 9628–9630Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100177a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100177a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts