gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A short chemo-enzymic route to glycosphingolipids using soluble glycosyl transferases (1994)

Two commercially available soluble glycosyl transferases, a β-1,4-galactosyl transferase from bovine milk and an α-2,6-sialyl transferase from rat liver, were used for the synthesis of several glycosphingolipids. The synthetic strategy involves the chemical synthesis of 2-azido- and 2-amino-sphingosine glycosides (5, 6, 10 and 11) and further glycosylation of their sugar headgroups to complex glycolipids. The azido- or amino-sphingosine lipid sidechain can then be further elaborated by reduction and/or acylation.
Information management for knowledge amplification in virtual enterprise (2002)

Based on an analysis of Sony's practice, the core of innovation in product development is viewed in the paper as knowledge amplification, which depends on an iterative exploration cycle and information emergence through the cycle by capturing both articulable and tacit knowledge. An information system for knowledge amplification in the virtual enterprise is proposed, which includes a symbiotic network for information capturing and sharing through the WWW and multimedia email; an integrated product data manager for creation, evaluation, decision and archiving; an activity scheduler for workflow coordination, and an object-oriented database as shared information server for product, process and organization data.
Sorting : possibilitis, limitations and future (2003)

Godkänd; 2003; 20070122 (ysko)
Voiceprint recognition based on BP Neural Network and CNN (2019)

Abstract At present, speech recognition has become a key technology of human-computer interaction, which can be used in semantic recognition and speaker identification and other related applications. This paper focuses on a speaker identification scene and the technical design. Because artificial neural network has the ability to distinguish complex classification boundaries, plenty of work on speech recognition had studied multi-layer perceptual networks to improve the accuracy of classification where back propagation method (BP algorithm) has been used. In the studied scheme, when the test objects (speakers) speak the same isolated word, the identification system can judge who the speaker is by identifying the voice voiceprint of different people. Our design not only considers the recognition based on BP as well as its variant, but also explores the voiceprint recognition based on convolution neural network (CNN). Secondly, the network structure and performance are also compared in detail.
Influence of compatibilizers on the rheological, mechanical, and morphological properties of epoxidized natural rubber/polypropylene thermoplastic vulcanizates (2007)

Abstract In polymeric materials combining desirable properties, compatibility between constituent components of incompatible blends is necessary. The influence of two types of blend compatibilizers, a graft copolymer of maleic anhydride and polypropylene (PP) and phenolic‐modified PP, on the rheological, mechanical, and morphological properties of epoxidized natural rubber/PP thermoplastic vulcanizates was investigated at varied concentrations. All properties improved in a range of loading levels of compatibilizers at 0–7.5 wt % of PP. This was attributed to a chemical interaction between the different phases caused by the functionalized compatibilizers. Increasing chemical interaction between interfaces improved the interfacial tension and led to a microscale size of the dispersion. A decreasing trend in the properties was observed at compatibilizer levels higher than 7.5 wt % of PP because of segregation, which led to a third blend component dispersed in the PP matrix. The compatibilizers behaved as lubricants in the polymer melt flow. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
The Effects of Porosity on <i>in Vitro</i> Degradation of Polylactic Acid–Polyglycolic Acid Implants Used in Repair of Articular Cartilage (1998)

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of porosity on in vitro degradation characteristics of an osteochondral biodegradable implant made of a 50:50 copolymer of polylactic acid–polyglycolic acid. Ninety specimens were produced to represent three porosities: approximately 0% (low porosity), 33% (medium porosity), and 75% (high porosity). These specimens were allowed to degrade in phosphate-buffered saline at 37°C for 8 weeks or until essentially complete degradation was achieved. Degradation of the specimens was examined using creep indentation mechanical testing, pH measurements, mass loss quantification, molecular weight loss measurements, gross morphology, and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that specimen porosity has important implications insofar as implant structural properties are concerned. In general, low-porosity implants underwent significantly larger losses in molecular weight than medium- or high-porosity specimens. Although no significant decreases in mass loss were found for any group for up to 4 weeks, between 4 and 6 weeks a significant drop in mass was observed in all groups. This drop was most severe in the low-porosity group. Mechanical testing showed that high- and low-porosity specimens were two to three times stiffer (Young's modulus and shear modulus) than medium-porosity specimens at 0 weeks. Measurement of pH demonstrated that with decreasing porosity, the implant pH values became significantly more acidic. It thus appears that low-porosity specimens undergo faster degradation than either medium- or high-porosity specimens. As a result, low porosity may contribute to shortening of the functional life of the implant. This may be due to enhanced autocatalysis in those implants, which are unable to evacuate acidic degradation by-products.
Automatic multiview coarse registration of range images for 3D modeling (2005)

Automatic registration of different overlapping range images (views) of an object is performed by matching their features. This process, known as correspondence identification, registers the views coarsely and is followed by fine registration. Existing correspondence techniques are limited to a pair of views at a time. In case there are more than two views of an object in random order, these techniques must perform an exhaustive search for correspondences between all possible view pairs. We present an efficient automatic multiview surface matching algorithm for 3D modeling which simultaneously matches a single view with multiple views. Our approach represents local surface patches of each view with multiple tensors. Tensors are indexed by a 4D hash table. A voting approach is used with the help of the hash table to simultaneously identify potential corresponding tensors of different views. Correspondences are verified and used to construct a spanning tree graph with nodes representing the views and arcs representing the rigid transformation that aligns two views. This graph is used to register all the views. Our results show that our algorithm is efficient and robust to noise.
Left Ventricular Volume Reduction by Radiofrequency Heating of Chronic Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure (2002)

RF heating and patch placement in these 10 patients resulted in acute reduction in infarct area and ventricular volumes that were maintained 180 days after procedure. This technique may reduce the incidence of congestive heart failure and mortality in these patients and warrants investigation in larger clinical trials.
Statistics pattern analysis: A new process monitoring framework and its application to semiconductor batch processes (2010)

Abstract In the semiconductor industry, process monitoring has been recognized as a critical component of the manufacturing system. Multivariate statistical process monitoring (SPM) techniques, such as multiway principal component analysis and multiway partial least squares, have been extend to monitor semiconductor processes. These SPM methods require extensive, often off‐line data preprocessing such as data unfolding, trajectory mean shift, and trajectory alignment. This requirement is probably not an issue for the traditional chemical batch processes but it poses a significant challenge for semiconductor batch processes. This is because data preprocessing makes model building and maintenance extremely labor intensive due to the large number of models in a typical semiconductor fab. In addition, semiconductor process data often show more severe nonnormality compared to those of the traditional chemical process under closed‐loop control, which results in suboptimal performance in many applications. To address these challenges, several pattern classification based monitoring (PCM) methods have been developed recently, but some limitations remain and trajectory alignment is still required. In this article, we analyze the fundamental reasons for the limitations of the SPM and PCM methods when applied to monitor semiconductor processes. In addition, we propose a new statistics pattern analysis (SPA) framework to address the challenges associated with semiconductor processes. By monitoring batch statistics, the proposed SPA framework not only eliminates all data preprocessing steps but also provides superior fault detection performance. Finally, we use an industrial example to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed SPA framework, and examine the fundamental reasons for the improved performance from SPA. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
High range resolution by means of synthetic bandwidth generated by frequency-stepped chirps (2003)

A method is presented to achieve large bandwidths with a synthetic chirp waveform adequate for short transmit pulses, which are typical for all millimetre-wave-radar applications using solid state transmitter stages. The usual ‘stretch’ processing for the deramping of individual chirps of concatenated waveforms is avoided in order to be able to use measured instead of synthetic reference chirps to compensate all kinds of hardware-induced amplitude and phase errors. Due to ‘spatial concatenation’ the method is applicable to scenarios with a range extent much larger than the chirp length.
Individual and Combined Effects of pH and Lactic Acid Concentration on <i>Listeria innocua</i> Inactivation: Development of a Predictive Model and Assessment of Experimental Variability (2007)

In food technology, organic acids (e.g., lactic acid, acetic acid, and citric acid) are popular preservatives. The purpose of this study was to separate the individual effects of the influencing factors pH and undissociated lactic acid on Listeria innocua inactivation. Therefore, the inactivation process was investigated under controlled, initial conditions of pH (pH0) and undissociated lactic acid ([LaH]0). The resulting inactivation curves consisted of a (sometimes negligible) shoulder period followed by a descent phase. In a few cases, a tailing phase was observed. Depending on the conditions, the descent phase contained one or two log-linear parts or had a convex or concave shape. In addition, the inactivation process was characterized by a certain variability, dependent on the severity of the conditions. Furthermore, in the neighborhood of the growth/no growth interface sometimes contradictory observations occurred. Overall, the individual effects of the influencing factors pH and undissociated lactic acid could clearly be distinguished and were also apparent based on fluorescence microscopy. Appropriate model types were developed and enabled prediction of which conditions of pH0 and [LaH]0 are necessary to obtain a predetermined inactivation (number of decimal reductions) within a predetermined time range.
Analysis and design of a soft switched AC-DC converter operating in DCM (2005)

This paper presents a soft-switched ac-to-dc boost converter cell operating in discontinuous current mode (DCM). Equivalent circuits for the various operating intervals of the converter are presented and analyzed. Design procedure is illustrated with a design example of a 1 kW, 600 V output ac-to-dc converter cell operating on a 165 to 265 V (rms) utility-line and switching at 100 kHz. Operation and performance of the designed converter is verified using SPICE simu-lations and experimental results. Detailed loss calculations are given. This converter has low line-current THD and will be used as cells of a multi-phase 5 kW converter.
Investigations into the Role of the Plastidial Peptide Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase in Response to Oxidative Stress in Arabidopsis (2004)

Peptidyl Met residues are readily oxidized by reactive oxygen species to form Met sulfoxide. The enzyme peptide Met sulfoxide reductase (PMSR) catalyzes the reduction of Met sulfoxides back to Met. In doing so, PMSR is proposed to act as a last-chance antioxidant, repairing proteins damaged from oxidative stress. To assess the role of this enzyme in plants, we generated multiple transgenic lines with altered expression levels of the plastid form of PMSR (PMSR4). In transgenic plants, PMSR4 expression ranged from 95% to 40% (antisense) and more than 600% (overexpressing lines) of wild-type plants. Under optimal growing conditions, there is no effect of the transgene on the phenotype of the plants. When exposed to different oxidative stress conditions-methyl viologen, ozone, and high light-differences were observed in the rate of photosynthesis, the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm ratio), and the Met sulfoxide content of the isolated chloroplast. Plants that overexpressed PMSR4 were more resistant to oxidative damage localized in the chloroplast, and plants that underexpressed PMSR4 were more susceptible. The Met sulfoxide levels in proteins of the soluble fraction of chloroplasts were increased by methyl viologen and ozone, but not by high-light treatment. Under stress conditions, the overexpression of PMSR4 lowered the sulfoxide content and underexpression resulted in an overall increase in content.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering in cascaded fibers of different Brillouin frequency shifts (1993)

Experimental investigations of stimulated Brillouin scattering in two cascaded single mode optical fibers with different Brillouin shifts are presented. A fiber Brillouin laser consisting of these two cascaded fibers is demonstrated. The output of such a laser exhibits two frequencies corresponding to the Brillouin shifted frequencies of two individual fibers.
De Novo renal expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor during the development of rat crescentic glomerulonephritis. (1996)

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a key mediator of the delayed-type hypersensitivity response, was originally thought to be produced by activated T cells. However, recent studies have found that MIF is produced in many cell types including monocytes/macrophages and anterior pituitary cells. The current study has examined MIF expression in normal and diseased kidney using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and Northern blotting. MIF mRNA and protein are constitutively expressed in normal kidney, being largely restricted to tubular epithelial cells and some glomerular visceral and parietal epithelial cells. During the development of rat anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, a model of macrophage-mediated renal injury, there was marked de novo expression of MIF by intrinsic kidney cells including endothelium and glomerular and tubular epithelial cells. Up-regulation of MIF expression correlated with macrophage accumulation within the glomerulus (P < 0.001) and tubulointerstitium (P < 0.001). Of significance, the accumulation of macrophages was exclusively localized to areas of strong MIF expression, contributing to focal glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesion formation. In addition, up-regulation of MIF expression by parietal epithelial cells was associated with macrophage accumulation within Bowman's space and crescent formation. Combined in situ hybridization and immunostaining also demonstrated MIF expression by macrophages, T cells, and fibroblast-like cells within renal lesions. In conclusion, these data provide the first demonstration that renal epithelial cells are a major source of MIF in both normal and diseased kidney. Furthermore, the up-regulation of MIF expression may play an important role in macrophage accumulation and progressive renal injury in rat crescentic glomerulonephritis.
A new cellular model to follow Friedreich's ataxia development in a time-resolved way (2015)

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a recessive autosomal ataxia caused by reduced levels of frataxin (FXN), an essential mitochondrial protein that is highly conserved from bacteria to primates. The exact role of frataxin and its primary function remain unclear although this information would be very valuable to design a therapeutic approach for FRDA. A main difficulty encountered so far has been that of establishing a clear temporal relationship between the different observations that could allow a distinction between causes and secondary effects, and provide a clear link between aging and disease development. To approach this problem, we developed a cellular model in which we can switch off/on in a time-controlled way the frataxin gene partially mimicking what happens in the disease. We exploited the TALEN and CRISPR methodologies to engineer a cell line where the presence of an exogenous, inducible FXN gene rescues the cells from the knockout of the two endogenous FXN genes. This system allows the possibility of testing the progression of disease and is a valuable tool for following the phenotype with different newly acquired markers.
Combining and adapting process patterns for flexible workflow (2002)

To provide intelligent process management support in complex engineering domains, considerable advances in the flexibility of current workflow systems are necessary. We describe an approach to developing such flexibility based on the capture of process patterns within a particular domain, and the dynamic composition of such patterns to determine the structure of an overall process. The role of a formal ontology of the domain in maintaining internal consistency of processes being managed in this way is emphasized.
Discussion (1916)

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Learning texture discrimination masks (2002)

Texture segmentation using multichannel filtering involves applying a set of masks to an input image, and then grouping the pixels based on the responses to these masks. We solve the problem of finding an optimal set of masks by designing a neural network which is trained to maximize a relevant function. Two algorithms, the centroid algorithm and the gradient descent algorithm, are used to train the network. Experimental results on segmenting two natural textures and extracting barcodes in an image are reported, and the error rates compared for both the algorithms with different network configurations. The centroid algorithm gives better results in small parameter spaces, whereas the gradient descent algorithm works better with more parameters. Our method of automatically generating texture discrimination masks not only results in a good segmentation performance, but also reduces the dimensionality of the feature space compared to previously published multichannel filtering methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SAXS investigation of a cubic to a sponge (L<sub>3</sub>) phase transition in self-assembled lipid nanocarriers (2010)

The encapsulation and release of peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and drugs in nanostructured lipid carriers depend on the type of the self-assembled liquid-crystalline organization and the structural dimensions of the aqueous and membraneous compartments, which can be tuned by the multicomponent composition of the systems. In this work, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) investigation is performed on the 'melting' transition of the bicontinuous double diamond cubic phase, formed by pure glycerol monooleate (MO), upon progressive inclusion of varying fractions of pharmaceutical-grade glycerol monooleate (GO) in the hydrated system. The self-assembled MO/GO mixtures are found to form diamond (Pn3m) inverted cubic, inverted hexagonal (H(II)), and sponge (L(3)) phases at ambient temperature in excess of aqueous medium without heat treatment. Mixing of the inverted-cubic-phase-forming MO and the sponge-phase-forming GO components, in equivalent proportions (50/50 w/w), yields an inverted hexagonal (H(II)) phase nanostructured carrier. Scattering models are applied for fitting of the experimental SAXS patterns and identification of the structural changes in the aqueous and lipid bilayer subcompartments. The possibility of transforming, at ambient temperature (20 °C), the bicontinuous cubic nanostructures into inverted hexagonal (H(II)) or sponge (L(3)) mesophases may facilitate novel biomedical applications of the investigated liquid crystalline self-assemblies.
Growth of alkali halides by molecular-beam epitaxy (1990)

Alkali halide single crystals are shown to grow well from molecular beams over a wide temperature range \ensuremath{\sim}(0.1--0.5)${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{m}}$, where ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{m}}$ is the melting temperature. Growth characteristics for homoepitaxy and heteroepitaxy, for alloys and superlattices, are discussed and found systematically different from those of metals and semiconductors. The reasons are related here to the type of lattice cohesion.
The Role Of Fibulin-1C Peptides In Attachment, Proliferation And ECM Deposition In Lung Fibroblasts From Chronic Lung Diseases (2014)

<p><strong>Rationale</strong>: Fibulin-1 is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein which mediates cellular processes and tissue remodelling. In our previous study we have shown that the levels of fibulin-1 are elevated in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from asthmatic patients compared to healthy volunteers. Furthermore, in-vitro we found fibulin-1C, one of four fibulin-1 isoforms, promoted proliferation andwound repair in human airway smooth muscle cells.</p><p><strong>Aim</strong>: To identify the bioactive regions of fibulin-1C which promote lung fibrosis induced by fibroblasts from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF) or neither disease (Non-C/P).</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Fibulin-1C peptides were designed (seven in total) according to the principles described by Angelatti (1). The peptides were coated onto tissue culture plates before lung fibroblasts were seeded. The effects of peptides on fibroblast attachment, mitochondrial activity and proliferation, and ECM deposition were measured.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Among the fibulin-1C peptides, peptide 1C1 (FBLN1C1) increased fibroblast attachment in Non-C/P and COPD, proliferation in Non-C/P, and mitochondrial activity in all three groups. In addition, FBLN1C1 enhanced fibulin1 deposition in COPD and PF fibroblasts, while it augmented fibronectin and perlecan deposition in all three groups of fibroblasts. The peptides FBLN1C2 to FBLN1C7 were inactive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: FBLN1C1 may be important in fibulin-1 induced lung fibrosis. The active peptide identified from this study will provide a useful tool for future studies in recognition of FBLN1C and receptor binding and exploration of cellular signalling pathways of FBLN1C. Further investigation of this molecule may help reveal the role of Fibulin-1 in the pathophysiology of chronic lung diseases.</p>