gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of the thesaurismosis and altered lysosomal dynamics induced by poly-D-glutamic acid in kidney proximal tubular cells. (1996)

In the companion paper, we report that a single injection of poly-D-glutamic acid causes an acute lysosomal storage condition and apparently impairs the lysosomal fission dynamics. The present paper addresses the mechanisms of these two alterations using a combination of in vivo and in vitro biochemical approaches. After a single intravenous injection, 14C-poly-D-glutamic acid was rapidly cleared from the plasma and appeared in the urine. Yet, a small but sizable fraction of the injected polymer was taken up by the kidney cortex through a saturable process (Kuptake, 150 mg/kg body wt; uptakemax 96 micrograms/g cortex). Analytical subcellular fractionation of cortex homogenates demonstrated that at initial stages, the 14C label was predominantly associated with subcellular particles of intermediate size and low equilibrium density, and was therefore slowly transferred to larger particles equilibrating at high density, then codistributing with the lysosomal hydrolases. At a concentration of 10 mg/ml (equivalent to its estimated concentration in lysosomes), poly-D-glutamic acid formed micronic aggregates ( > or = 10 microns) when brought to solution at pH < or = 6 in relation to its decreased ionization (pKa of lateral chains approximately equal to 4.25). Finally, 1 day after the injection of poly-D-glutamic acid, the activities of several lysosomal enzymes (hexosaminidase, cathepsin B, acid sphingomyelinase, and sulfatase B), but not of all of them (eg, acid phosphatase), were increased in the kidney cortex. We propose that poly-D-glutamic acid reaches lysosomes by adsorptive endocytosis and becomes concentrated within these organelles because its withstands hydrolysis until it forms aggregates or precipitates, causing a decrease in the fluidity or the deformability ("gelling") of the lysosomal matrix. This should alter the dynamics of intercommunication of these organelles by impairing their fission without a proportionate effect on their fusion properties. In addition, the data suggest that the presence of poly-D-glutamic acid directly or indirectly slows down the degradation of several lysosomal enzymes.
Potential Use of Embryonic Stem Cells for the Treatment of Mouse Parkinsonian Models: Improved Behavior by Transplantation of In Vitro Differentiated Dopaminergic Neurons from Embryonic Stem Cells (2003)

Transplantation of in vitro differentiated ES cells changed rotational behavior in Parkinsonian mice. Our results suggest the potential availability of ES cells for Parkinson's disease.
The Performance of Blood Pressure and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors as Screening Tests for Ischaemic Heart Disease and Stroke (2004)

This paper summarises the main evidence and conclusions relating to using blood pressure measurement as a screening test to identify people who will develop ischaemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke, as recently published in a Health Technology Assessment report. While blood pressure is recognised as an important cause of stroke and IHD, and lowering blood pressure can substantially lower the risk of these diseases, the measurement of blood pressure is a poor screening test. It is not good in distinguishing those who will and will not develop these diseases. The poor screening performance is illustrated by the findings that in the largest cohort study, persons in the top 10% of the distribution of systolic blood pressure experienced only 21% of all IHD events and 28% of all strokes at a given age. Using several cardiovascular risk factors in combination does not add materially to the poor screening performance of blood pressure alone. Among persons in a specified age group, the 5% at highest risk experience 17% of all heart disease deaths with risk computation based on blood pressure alone, 22% when based on blood pressure and apolipoprotein B (or LDL cholesterol) in combination, and only 28% using these two, smoking and three other cardiovascular risk factors all in combination. Identifying patients at the time of hospital discharge following myocardial infarction or stroke is the most effective screening test to identify those who will die of cardiovascular disease. In patients with a history of myocardial infarction or stroke the cardiovascular death rate in the absence of treatment is about 5% per year, a risk that persists for at least 15 years. In the absence of treatment, about half of all deaths from heart disease in a population occur after hospital discharge following the first infarct. Among persons with no history of cardiovascular disease, age is a better screening test than the reversible risk factors, and the best policy is to offer treatment to all persons above a specified age such as 55 years.
A separation-free assay for the detection of mutations: Combination of homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence and minisequencing (2005)

Single nucleotide primer extension reaction has been widely used in DNA testing, and several detection methods based on this core allelic discrimination have been developed. Most of the reported formats are based on a two step protocol involving first, a liquid phase extension reaction, then a physical separation process (chromatography, electrophoresis, capture on solid support, mass spectrometry). Here we describe a new strategy based on homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF), which does not involve any separation process and which allows a simple "mix and measure" protocol. In this approach, a 5'-(europium) cryptate-labeled primer is elongated by a biotinylated dideoxynucleoside-triphosphate, followed by the addition of a streptavidin-acceptor conjugate, which gives rise to a long-life fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) signal between the cryptate donor and the acceptor. We present the development of HTRF technology as applied to the diagnosis of tumor suppressor gene p53 (TP53) mutations, and its application to the analysis of genomic DNA from human tumoral samples. The sensitivity of the reported method is compared to the corresponding fluorescent polarization assay.
Rearrangements of Benzyltrimethylammonium Ion and Related Quaternary Ammonium Ions by Sodium Amide Involving Migration into the Ring<sup>1,2,3</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangements of Benzyltrimethylammonium Ion and Related Quaternary Ammonium Ions by Sodium Amide Involving Migration into the Ring1,2,3Simon W. Kantor and Charles R. HauserCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 9, 4122–4131Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01153a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01153a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1595Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Assessment of TerraSAR-X Products with a New Feature Extraction Application: Monitoring of Cylindrical Tanks (2009)

There is no doubt that retrieving observed scene features is one of the most interesting and challenging activities in all fields of remote sensing: The successful extraction of scene parameters may not only mean the success of the adopted procedure but also the success of a prediction model, an image product, a sensor project, or even an entire mission. This paper is partly concerned with this. The mission, the sensor, and the products at issue are the TerraSAR-X; the feature retrieval approach is the deterministic model-based approach already tested on E-SAR images and now in phase of improvement and testing on high-resolution TerraSAR-X images. Together with assessing the performances of TerraSAR-X products, this paper deals with a new application which, until now, has not received enough attention even if being worth of it: monitoring of big tanks in suburban or urban areas. Detailed discussion concerning the most suitable product for this kind of application is accompanied by retrieval results carried out on recently acquired TerraSAR-X images.
DTI-015 Produces Cures in T9 Gliosarcoma (2003)

DTI-015 (BCNU in 100% ethanol) utilizes solvent-facilitated perfusion for the intratumoral treatment of gliomas. The water-miscible organic solvent vehicle, ethanol, facilitates a rapid and thorough saturation of the'tumor with the dissolved anticancer agent, BCNU. Rats bearing established intracranial T9 gliosarcoma tumors received no treatment (group 1), a single intratumoral injection of ethanol vehicle (group 2) or DTI-015 (5 mg/kg BCNU) (group 3), or a single intratumoral injection of DTI-015 followed by systemic BCNU (group 4). Ethanol alone (n=13) had no effect on survival; MST=17 days compared to 18 days for untreated controls (n=35). DTI-015 (n=45) produced an ILS of 417% (MST=93) and 472% (MST=103) when combined with systemic BCNU (n=14). Overall, 24 of 59 rats receiving DTI-015 were judged to be cured, with 20 living a normal life span of 600 to 700 days, and 4 rats sacrificed healthy at 121, 135, 307, and 384 days post DTI-015 with no evidence of viable T9 tumor. Histology demonstrated that DTI-015 totally eradicated the T9 tumors in animals living a normal life span. The results demonstrate that a single injection of DTI-015 produces a 40% cure rate in rats bearing established intracranial T9 tumors.
Scheduling aperiodic and sporadic tasks in hard real-time systems (1997)

The stringent timing constraints as well as the functional correctness are essential requirements of hard real-time systems. In such systems, scheduling plays a very important role in satisfying these constraints. The priority based scheduling schemes have been used commonly due to the simplicity of the scheduling algorithm. However, in the presence of task interdependencies and complex timing constraints, such scheduling schemes may not be appropriate due to the lack of an efficient mechanism to schedule them and to carry out the schedulability analysis. In contrast, the time based scheduling scheme may be used to schedule a set of tasks with greater degree of schedulability achieved at a cost of higher complexity of off-line scheduling. One of the drawbacks of currently available scheduling schemes, however, is known to be their inflexibility in dynamic environments where dynamic processes exist, such as aperiodic and sporadic processes. We develop and analyze scheduling schemes whic...
Mathematics, its content, methods and meaning (1962)

Hailed by <I>The New York Times Book Review</I> as "nothing less than a major contribution to the scientific culture of this world," this major survey features the work of 18 outstanding mathematicians. Primary subjects include analytic geometry, algebra, ordinary and partial differential equations, the calculus of variations, functions of a complex variable, prime numbers, and theories of probability and functions. Other topics include linear and non-Euclidean geometry, topology, functional analysis, more. 1963 edition.
Are leukotrienes involved in human uterine contractility? (1989)

The effects of leukotrienes (LT) on the contractility of human and rat myometrial strips in vitro were compared with the effects of prostaglandins (PGs) and oxytocin. Preparations of human myometrial membranes were investigated for the presence and characteristics of LTC4 receptors. Neither the peptido-leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) nor LTB4 had any consistent effect, stimulatory or inhibitory, on human pregnant or non-pregnant myometrium, at doses up to 1.25 microM; nor did they have any effect in rat non-pregnant myometrium. As expected, PGE2, PGF2 alpha (0.3 microM) and oxytocin (5 nM) stimulated human pregnant myometrium. PGF2 alpha stimulated and PGE2 inhibited human non-pregnant myometrium but oxytocin had no effect; all three compounds stimulated rat non-pregnant myometrium. The binding of 3H-LTC4 to human myometrium was specific (LTC4 greater than LTD4 much greater than LTE4, LTB4, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, arachidonic acid) but of low affinity compared with the binding of 3H-PGE2 to the same membrane preparations. These data support the view that leukotrienes have little direct influence on myometrial contractility.
Release Behavior of Poly(Lactic Acid-co-Glycolic Acid) Implants Containing Phosphorothioate Oligodeoxynucleotide . (1997)

The release behavior of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide, 5'-GCCGAGGTCCATGTCGTACGC-3' (ODN), from poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) implant was studied. The pillar shape implant was fabricated by the heating mold method. About 20% of ODN were released initially, and the subsequent pseudo-zero-order release lasted for more than 20 d from a PLGA10000 implant loaded with 8.4% ODN in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4. The duration of ODN release did not depend on the molecular weights of PLGA, and pseudo-zero-order release may be achieved by changing the loaded amount of ODN in fabrication of the PLGA implant. Almost the same release profiles were obtained in the pH range of 7.2 to 7.6, which is known as the physiological pH of a vitreous body. Furthermore, the duration of intact ODN release in bovine vitreous was found. The implant in the present study may possibly be applicable to intravitreal implantation for the treatment of ocular disease.
An accurate pitch detection algorithm (2003)

An accurate, robust, and reliable pitch detection scheme is outlined. The algorithm extracts the pitch with a very high resolution (i.e., as a real number) despite the finite (8-kHz) resolution of the sampled speech sequence. This makes it possible to analyze the pitch variation process in disarthric patients for medical purposes and to develop an accurate synchronous spectral analysis scheme. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is well below the capacity of modern digital signal processing technology and therefore can be implemented in real-time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sweet cucurbitane glycosides from fruits of Siraitia siamensis (chi-zi luo-han-guo), a Chinese folk medicine. (1989)

Cucurbitane-type triterpenes are known as bitter principles of cucurbitaceous plants, while some of the glycosides of triterpenes of this type are sweet tasting; bryodul-coside1* from roots of Bryonia dioica Jacq., mogrosides IV (1) and V (2)2 ~4) from fruits of Siraitia grosvenori Swingle ( = Momordica grosvenori Swingle; Chinese name of the fruit, luo-han-guo) and glycosides from rhizomes of Hemsleya carnosiflora C. Y. Wu et Z. L. Chen sp. nov.15) and H. panacis-scandens C. Y. Wuet Z. L. Chen.6) In our series of studies on Chinese cucurbitaceous plants, the present paper describes the characterization of sweet glycosides from fruits of Siraitia siamensis Craib. (Chinese name, chi-zi lou-han-guo) which grows in Xi-shuang-bana, South-Yunnan, China and is closely related to S. grosvenori. Dried and powdered fruits were extracted with petroleum ether to remove the lipophilic materials and then extracted with methanol. The sweet methanolic extract was separated by chromatography on a highly porous polymer, then on silica gel and finally by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC)on a reverse-
SB‐656933, a novel CXCR2 selective antagonist, inhibits <i>ex vivo</i> neutrophil activation and ozone‐induced airway inflammation in humans (2011)

SB-656933 is a CXCR2 antagonist that demonstrates dose-dependent effects on neutrophil activation and recruitment within a well-tolerated dose range. These data suggest that SB-656933 may be an effective agent in neutrophil-predominant diseases.
Relationship between Lipophilicity and Skin Permeability of Various Drugs from an Ethanol/Water/Lauric Acid System. (1994)

The in vitro skin permeability of 16 drugs with a wide range of lipophilicity (log P; -0.95-4.40) was evaluated by the use of an ethanol/water (60/40) binary vehicle with or without lauric acid as a permeation enhancer. The enhancing effect by the addition of lauric acid to the ethanol/water (60/40) binary vehicle could be observed from the aspect of both permeation rate and lag time. The permeation rate increased with an increase in the hydrophilicity of the drugs. It was considered that lauric acid exerts an effect on both the polar and nonpolar regions of lipids of the stratum corneum, and the cooperative interaction of ethanol and lauric acid increases the participation of the polar pathway of drugs. The relationship between lipophilicity and skin permeability of the drugs from the ethanol/water (60/40) binary vehicle with lauric acid showed a parabolic shape, with its peak at a more hydrophilic range (log P; 0.19) compared with other past references (log P; 2-3). The ethanol/water (60/40) binary vehicle with lauric acid appears to be a good candidate as a vehicle for transdermal therapeutic systems for hydrophilic drugs.
Isolation and Characterization of an Allergen-Rich Fraction Derived from Cultures of <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> (1989)

An allergen-rich fraction derived from mature cultures of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was isolated. Results of radio-allergosorbent tests and the disclosure of IgE-binding proteins after their electrophoretic transfer from sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel to nitrocellulose sheets revealed that both important groups of allergens, Der p I and Der p II, seem to be contained in the above-mentioned fraction. Analysis using crossed immuno-electrophoresis (CIE) disclosed 5-7 antigens and a corresponding enzymatic assay for the specificity of patient's IgE in CIE revealed that 4 of the antigens also are allergens. Moreover, an allergen was detected which apparently was not discovered when using CIE. The fraction in question was fractionated further and subsequent analysis by CIE indicated the purification of 1 antigen.
Arterial chemoembolization with microencapsulated anticancer drug. An approach to selective cancer chemotherapy with sustained effects (1981)

Selective intra-arterial infusion of ethylcellulose microcapsules containing mitomycin exerts its therapeutic effects through infarction and sustained drug action—ie, chemoembolization. Sixty primary or secondary carcinomas in the kidney, liver, urinary bladder, prostate, cervix, vagina, sigmoid colon, Douglas' pouch, and bone were treated with single or repeated chemoembolizations using microcapsules delivered through percutaneous catheterization as a preoperative or palliative measure. Substantial tumor reduction of greater than 30% in measurable maximum diameter was found in 65% of the tumors; pain relief occurred in 80% and hemostasis in 100%. Preoperative chemoembolization remarkably facilitated radical surgery in 18 (82%) of 22 patients. The summed response rate was 77%. Systemic toxic effects were mild, and all patients tolerated the treatment. Though the follow-up periods are less than two years, 37 patients are alive with or without tumor. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:1123-1127)
Transient plane source (TPS) technique for measuring thermal transport properties of building materials (1995)

Abstract The electrical circuit for the recently developed transient plane source (TPS) technique for fast and precise measurements of thermal transport properties of solids has been modified for more convenient and more automated measurements. The technique has been tested for measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity for a series of building materials ranging from thermally insulating materials (extruded polystyrene and PMMA) to good thermal conductors (stainless steel and aluminium). The results obtained in this work agree well with other techniques and international standard materials. This agreement indicates that the TPS method is accurate to within ±5% over a thermal conductivity range of four orders of magnitude (0.02 W m −1 K −1 to 200 W m −1 k −1 ).
Inhibition of Autotaxin with GLPG1690 Increases the Efficacy of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer (2019)

Autotaxin catalyzes the formation of lysophosphatidic acid, which stimulates tumor growth and metastasis and decreases the effectiveness of cancer therapies. In breast cancer, autotaxin is secreted mainly by breast adipocytes, especially when stimulated by inflammatory cytokines produced by tumors. In this work, we studied the effects of an ATX inhibitor, GLPG1690, which is in phase III clinical trials for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, on responses to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in a syngeneic orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer. Tumors were treated with fractionated external beam irradiation, which was optimized to decrease tumor weight by approximately 80%. Mice were also dosed twice daily with GLPG1690 or vehicle beginning at 1 day before the radiation until 4 days after radiation was completed. GLPG1690 combined with irradiation did not decrease tumor growth further compared with radiation alone. However, GLPG1690 decreased the uptake of 3'-deoxy-3'-[<sup>18</sup>F]-fluorothymidine by tumors and the percentage of Ki67-positive cells. This was also associated with increased cleaved caspase-3 and decreased Bcl-2 levels in these tumors. GLPG1690 decreased irradiation-induced C-C motif chemokine ligand-11 in tumors and levels of IL9, IL12p40, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and IFNγ in adipose tissue adjacent to the tumor. In other experiments, mice were treated with doxorubicin every 2 days after the tumors developed. GLPG1690 acted synergistically with doxorubicin to decrease tumor growth and the percentage of Ki67-positive cells. GLPG1690 also increased 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adducts in these tumors. These results indicate that inhibiting ATX provides a promising adjuvant to improve the outcomes of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Collaborative Learning Orchestration Using Smart Displays and Personal Devices (2015)

Pervasive classroom environments with interconnected smart devices permit enacting diverse pedagogical models in education. This paper proposes an extensible architecture integrating smart display, smart phones and wearable devices to support flexible orchestration of dynamic collaborative learning activities in face-to-face educational scenarios. The paper motivates an architectural design and describes its main components based on existing systems like Signal Orchestration System (SOS) and a multi-screen cooperation middleware. An applicable scenario illustrates the usage of proposed architecture in which wearable devices are used to indicate orchestration mechanisms (group formation, change of activity), a shared display visualizes tasks with summary of the orchestration and activity progress for collective awareness and smart phones are used to interact with the shared display and complete the activities.