gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P38α-Selective Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitor for Improvement of Cultured Human Islet Recovery (2010)

Better islet function was obtained by adding 0.1 microM SD-282 to the serum-free culture medium. This improvement was associated with suppression of cytokine production and prevention of beta-cell apoptosis. However, this beneficial effect was diminished at a higher concentration.
Adenovirus-mediated expression of a voltage-gated potassium channel in vitro (rat cardiac myocytes) and in vivo (rat liver). A novel strategy for modifying excitability. (1995)

Excitability is governed primarily by the complement of ion channels in the cell membrane that shape the contour of the action potential. To modify excitability by gene transfer, we created a recombinant adenovirus designed to overexpress a Drosophila Shaker potassium channel (AdShK). In vitro, a variety of mammalian cell types infected with AdShK demonstrated robust expression of the exogenous channel. Spontaneous action potentials recorded from cardiac myocytes in primary culture were abbreviated compared with noninfected myocytes. Intravascular infusion of AdShK in neonatal rats induced Shaker potassium channel mRNA expression in the liver, and large potassium currents could be recorded from explanted hepatocytes. Thus, recombinant adenovirus technology has been used for in vitro and in vivo gene transfer of ion channel genes designed to modify cellular action potentials. With appropriate targeting, such a strategy may be useful in gene therapy of arrhythmias, seizure disorders, and myotonic muscle diseases.
Customer Authentication: The Evolution of Signature Verification in Financial Institutions (2002)

Negotiation is one of the most significant commercial concepts of the Western world because it replaced the dependence of trade on equal exchange of goods (“barter”) or payment in precious metals. Reliance on financial instruments such as notes, drafts, demand items and bills of exchange allowed commerce to extend beyond local venues into the broader, worldwide arena. The discovery of the “New World” as well as the opening of trade routes into the previously isolated Orient necessitated the movement to a broadened sphere for trade. To facilitate this flourishing global commerce, banks became the focal point for exchanging and paying those financial instruments. When financial instruments were presented to banks for payment, banks authenticated the instruments by verifying their customers’ signatures before effecting the payments.
Predicting hourly building energy usage (1994)

Difficulty in excluding duodenal ulceration by standard radiology has hampered investigation of duodenitis; endoscopy and biopsy add a new dimension. We have studied 51 patients with dyspeptic symptoms or bleeding in whom endoscopy revealed congested and irregular areas of duodenal bulb mucosa in the absence of ulcer or scar. Biopsy revealed unequivocal active inflammation-epithelial cell atypia and neutrophil infiltration-in 22 of these patients, but in none of 29 "control" patients with an endoscopically normal bulb. There were no reliable radiological markers of active duodenitis. These patients, and a group of 25 with known duodenal ulcers, shared similar clinical characteristics and a high incidence of gastric metaplasia in the bulb. In the short follow-up period most patients with active duodenitis remained symptomatic; two developed ulcers, and two others have undergone vagotomy and pyloroplasty, with poor short-term results. The clinical significance of visual and histological mucosal changes, and their relationship with ulcer disease, merit long-term study.
Effects of Rikkunshi-to, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on the Delay of Gastric Emptying Induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine (2005)

We evaluated the effects of Rikkunshi-to and several of its ingredients on the delay of gastric emptying induced by a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA). After oral administration of L-NNA to rats, the gastric emptying rate at 24 h was decreased from 82.8 +/- 2.4% to 53.3 +/- 5.7%. The decrease of the gastric emptying rate induced by L-NNA treatment was markedly ameliorated by administration of Rikkunshi-to (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) in a dose-dependent manner. To identify the active ingredient of Rikkunshi-to, the components were separated according to polarity, and the effects of the respective fractions on gastric emptying were evaluated. Significant efficacy was found in the water and methanol fractions, but not in the 50% aqueous-methanol fraction. Furthermore, hesperidin (1 - 4.29 mg/kg, p.o.) contained in the methanol fraction and L-arginine (4.5 mg/kg, p.o.) contained in the water fraction ameliorated the decrease in the gastric emptying rate induced by L-NNA treatment. These results suggest that Rikkunshi-to ameliorated abnormalities of NO-mediated gastric functions such as delayed gastric emptying, and hesperidin and L-arginine were identified as two of the active ingredients contributing to the ability of Rikkunshi-to to facilitate gastric emptying.
Brain Tumor Tropism of Transplanted Human Neural Stem Cells Is Induced by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (2005)

The transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) offers a new potential therapeutic approach as a cell-based delivery system for gene therapy in brain tumors. This is based on the unique capacity of NSCs to migrate throughout the brain and to target invading tumor cells. However, the signals controlling the targeted migration of transplanted NSCs are poorly defined. We analyzed the in vitro and in vivo effects of angiogenic growth factors and protein extracts from surgical specimens of brain tumor patients on NSC migration. Here, we demonstrate that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is able to induce a long-range attraction of transplanted human NSCs from distant sites in the adult brain. Our results indicate that tumor-upregulated VEGF and angiogenic-activated microvasculature are relevant guidance signals for NSC tropism toward brain tumors.
Comparing Individual Means in the Analysis of Variance (1949)

The practitioner of the analysis of variance often wants to draw as many conclusions as are reasonable about the relation of the true means for individual treatments, and a statement by the F-test (or the z-test) that they are not all alike leaves him thoroughly unsatisfied. The problem of breaking up the treatment means into distinguishable groups has not been discussed at much length, the solutions given in the various textbooks differ and, what is more important, seem solely based on intuition. After discussing the problem on a basis combining intuition with some hard, cold facts about the distributions of certain test quantities (or statistics) a simple and definite procedure is proposed for dividing treatments into distinguishable groups, and for determining that the treatments within some of these groups are different, although there is not enough evidence to say which is which. The procedure is illustrated on examples.
Cover Picture: Overcoming Fundamental Limitations in Adsorbent Design: Alkene Adsorption by Non‐porous Copper(I) Complexes (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47/2020) (2020)

The iceberg theme represents how H. V. R. Dias, M. G. Cowan et al. utilize solution chemistry in a solid-state reaction for the separation of alkenes and alkanes, leading to potentially major effects on reducing global energy use and global warming. In situ PXRD was used in their Research Article on page 21001 to watch the reversible trimer to dimer rearrangement in the solid state, where multiple bonds are broken and reformed. The rapid uptake and release and minimal heat of adsorption of alkene, and the reusability of these materials, make the process a sustainable alternative for distillation methods. The iceberg theme represents how H. V. R. Dias, M. G. Cowan et al. utilize solution chemistry in a solid-state reaction for the separation of alkenes and alkanes, leading to potentially major effects on reducing global energy use and global warming. In situ PXRD was used in their Research Article on page 21001 to watch the reversible trimer to dimer rearrangement in the solid state, where multiple bonds are broken and reformed. The rapid uptake and release and minimal heat of adsorption of alkene, and the reusability of these materials, make the process a sustainable alternative for distillation methods. Asymmetric Synthesis Photophysics Singlet Fission Liquid Crystals
POI Recommendation (2015)

Providing personalized point-of-interest (POI) recommendation has become a major issue with the rapid emergence of location-based social networks (LBSNs). Unlike traditional recommendation approaches, the LBSNs application domain comes with significant geographical and temporal dimensions. Moreover most of traditional recommendation algorithms fail to cope with the specific challenges implied by these two dimensions. Fusing geographical and temporal influences for better recommendation accuracy in LBSNs remains unexplored, as far as we know. We depict how matrix factorization can serve POI recommendation, and propose a novel attempt to integrate both geographical and temporal influences into matrix factorization. Specifically we present GeoMF-TD, an extension of geographical matrix factorization with temporal dependencies. Our experiments on a real dataset shows up to 20\% benefit on recommendation precision.
Intelligent Adaptive Control of a Tailless Advanced Fighter Aircraft Under Wing Damage (2000)

In this paper we propose an intelligent adaptive recone gurable control scheme for a Tailless Advanced Fighter Aircraft (TAFA) in thepresence of wing damage. The schemeconsists offailuredetection using multipleobservers, multiple reference models for changing the desired performance on-line in the case of damage, on-line estimation ofthepercentage-of-damage parameter, and the corresponding adaptiverecone gurablecontroller augmented with an output error feedback term. The overall scheme results in fast and accurate failure detection and identie cation and control recone guration and is demonstrated analytically to be stable in the sense that all signals are bounded and the output error converges to zero asymptotically even in the case of 100% wing damage. The properties of the proposed intelligent adaptive controller are evaluated through numerical simulations on a TAFA model in thepresence of largenoise, actuatordynamics, position and ratelimitson the control effectors, and 100% wing damage, and the proposed approach results in excellent overall performance.
Identification and characterization of presenilin I‐467, I‐463 and I‐374 (1996)

We cloned a novel isoform of presenilin I (presenilin I-374) besides previously published presenilin I-467 and I-463 in human lymphocytes. Presenilin I-463 was identical to presenilin I-467 except a 12 bp nucleotides deletion in its amino terminal region. Another isoform, presenilin I-374 was produced by an alternative splicing with an additional exon consisting of 92 bp nucleotides (exon 11), which resulted in the frame shift with a stop codon to generate a truncated presenilin consisting of 374 amino acids. The transcripts for presenilin I-467/463 was ubiquitously detected while that for presenilin I-374 was selectively detected in liver, spleen, kidney. Abnormal behavior of presenilin I on gel electrophoresis was found with affinity-purified antibodies against presenilin I.
Deep-ultraviolet lithography for 500-nm devices (1990)

Each DRAM design generation has required higher reoiution imaging and overlay capability. The 500-nm lithographic ground rules of a 16-Mb chip make deep-UV (DUV) an attractive alternative to,thc more stanth,rd mid-UV (MUV) photolithography presently practiced for less demanding technologies. The shorter wavelength permits an unproved depth of focus by allowing the same resolution at smaller numerical apertures. This approach retains the simplicity of single-layer-resist processing rather th a ii forcing conversion to m ultilayer imaging.
Purine metabolism in adenosine deaminase deficiency. (1976)

Purine and pyrimidine metabolites were measured in erythrocytes, plasma, and urine of a 5-month-old infant with adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4) deficiency. Adenosine and adenine were measured using newly devised ion exchange separation techniques and a sensitive fluorescence assay. Plasma adenosine levels were increased, whereas adenosine was normal in erythrocytes and not detectable in urine. Increased amounts of adenine were found in erythrocytes and urine as well as in the plasma. Erythrocyte adenosine 5'-monophosphate and adenosine diphosphate concentrations were normal, but adenosine triphosphate content was greatly elevated. Because of the possibility of pyrimidine starvation, pyrimidine nucleotides (pyrimidine coenzymes) in erythrocytes and orotic acid in urine were measured. Pyrimidine nucleotide concentrations were normal, while orotic acid was not detected. These studies suggest that the immune deficiency associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency may be related to increased amounts of adenine, adenosine, or adenine nucleotides.
Novel eye-safe line scanning 3D laser-radar (2014)

Today, the civil market provides quite a number of different 3D-Sensors covering ranges up to 1 km. Typically these sensors are based on single element detectors which suffer from the drawback of spatial resolution at larger distances. Tasks demanding reliable object classification at long ranges can be fulfilled only by sensors consisting of detector arrays. They ensure sufficient frame rates and high spatial resolution. Worldwide there are many efforts in developing 3D-detectors, based on two-dimensional arrays. This paper presents first results on the performance of a recently developed 3D imaging laser radar sensor, working in the short wave infrared (SWIR) at 1.5 μm. It consists of a novel Cadmium Mercury Telluride (CMT) linear array APD detector with 384x1 elements at a pitch of 25 μm, developed by AIM Infrarot Module GmbH. The APD elements are designed to work in the linear (non-Geiger) mode. Each pixel will provide the time of flight measurement, and, due to the linear detection mode, allowing the detection of three successive echoes. The resolution in depth is 15 cm, the maximum repetition rate is 4 kHz. We discuss various sensor concepts regarding possible applications and their dependence on system parameters like field of view, frame rate, spatial resolution and range of operation.
Crystallization of Membrane Proteins in Bicelles (2012)

The structural biology of membrane proteins remains a challenging field, partly due to the difficulty in obtaining high-quality crystals. We developed the bicelle method as a tool to aid with the production of membrane protein crystals. Bicelles are bilayer discs that are formed by a mixture of a detergent and a lipid. They combine the ease of use of detergents with the benefits of a lipidic medium. Bicelles maintain membrane proteins in a bilayer milieu, which is more similar to their native environment than detergent micelles. At the same time, bicelles are liquid at certain temperatures and they can be integrated into standard crystallization techniques without the need for specialized equipment.
Sub-lethal effects of exposing the human melanoma cell line Skmel−23 to 532 nm laser light (1997)

The human melanoma cell line SKmel-23 has been used to investigate the sub-lethal damage that can occur as a result of exposing melanin containing cells to light (532 nm) from a frequency doubled Q-switched (Nd:YAG) laser. A dose response curve was obtained, which indicates that at energy levels of 0.6 J/cm2 and below no effect on either the viability or growth rate of the cell line was observed. Above this, cells rapidly died and at an energy level of 2.0 J/cm2, only approximately 15% of cells survived. This contrasts with the effects on the G361 melanoma line, which contains far less melanosomes, as an LD50 for this cell line was approximately 5.5 J/cm2. Exposing SKmel-23 cells to 0.4 J/cm2 of 532 nm light results in a diminution of the number of melanosomes within cells as well as a marked decrease in melanin content, as determined by spectrophotometric assay and electron microscopy. Using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique, the reduction in melanin content of the cells was accompanied by a selective decrease in mRNA coding for tyrosinase, the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway for melanin. No decrease in the mRNA coding for the GAPDH protein was observed. Our finding has implications for understanding the control processes that regulate the melanin content of cells and suggests that the model described can be used to further investigate changes that may occur in cells as a result of their exposure to sub-lethal levels of laser light.
Distributed Peer-to-Peer Multiplexing using Ad Hoc Relay Networks (2008)

We consider an ad hoc network consisting of d source-destination pairs and R relaying nodes. Each source wishes to transmit its data to its corresponding destination through the relay network. Each relay in the network transmits a properly scaled version of its received signal thereby cooperating with other relays to deliver each source's data to the corresponding destination. Assuming a minimal cooperation among the relaying nodes, we design a distributed beamformer such that the total relay transmit power dissipated by all relays is minimized while, at the same time, the quality of services at all destinations are guaranteed to be above certain pre-defined thresholds. We show that using a semi-definite relaxation approach, the power minimization problem can be turned into a semi-definite programming (SDP) optimization, and therefore, it can be solved efficiently using interior point methods. Our results show that the distributed relay multiplexing is possible and may be beneficial depending on the channel conditions.
Plastic optical fibers (1996)

Characteristics of plastic optical fibers (POF)s, i.e., handling ease because of their good ductility, splicing ease to each other and to light sources because of their large fiber diameter and high numerical aperture, processability, and high flexibility notwithstanding their larger fiber diameters, have attracted much attention. They are expected to be applied as a short distance optical signal transmission medium for certain kinds of computer-toterminal data links such as in office automation systems. Polymers for POF application should be as transparent as possible and therefore they should be low in scattering loss, and their refractive index should be controllable to fabricated fiber structures. In this paper, POF optical transparency, light scattering, optical bandwidth, and refractive index control are discussed in detail along with polymer loss limit
Fabric Smoothness, Friction, and Handle (1992)

In general investigation of factional properties of fabrics, we demonstrate the influence of experimental variables on some new frictional parameters. Subjectively, fabrics with similar (or different) coefficients of friction yield different (or similar) tactile sensations of smoothness. Objectively, an examination of the stick-slip motion shows a good correlation between the number of stick-slip peaks and yarn sett (woven fabrics) or number of ribs (knitted fabrics). A relation also exists between the amplitude of the stick-slip motion and some structural protrusions, i.e., twills and ribs. These features are also detectable visually and tactually.
Novel Technology for Chlorination of Niobium and Tantalum Oxides and Their Low-Grade Ore Concentrates (2008)

A novel energy-economic and environmentally benign technological procedure for chlorination of niobium and tantalum oxides as well as their low-grade ore concentrates was elaborated. The process is based on using carbon tetrachloride or silicon tetrachloride as a chlorinating agent under pressure. It proceeds at moderate temperatures and is free from the shortcomings of conventional carbochlorination processes such as the use of chlorine gas at very high temperatures and formation of toxic products and ozone depleting agents (phosgene, carbon monoxide, chlorohydrocarbons).
Accumulation of p53 protein correlates with a poor prognosis in human lung cancer. (1992)

Mutations in the gene coding for the p53 tumor suppressor protein are common in a variety of human cancers. To assess the role of a putative mutated p53 protein in human lung cancer, a monoclonal antibody recognizing it was used in an immunoperoxidase detection system. A total of 114 cases of Stage I and II adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were studied. The staining pattern was always intranuclear and heterogeneous. When the median or mean survival time was compared between cases, p53 accumulation had a statistically significant negative prognostic value. This was supported by a Kaplan-Meier survival plot of p53 producers and nonproducers. In 7 of 24 Stage II cases that were negative for p53 in the primary tumor, metastatic regional lymph nodes were p53-positive. These latter cases had greatly reduced survival times. Thus, p53 accumulation in primary tumors (and regional lymph nodes) may identify a subgroup of lung cancer patients with a prognosis of more aggressive disease.
Barriers to a Collaborative, Multidisciplinary Pedagogy (1996)

Large-scale software development requires the contributions of people with diverse skills. For example, on software development projects one might often find software engineers, technical writers, human factors engineers, graphic designers, and marketing representatives. A key challenge facing software engineering educators is to prepare their students to work closely with development team members from different disciplines. This paper traces some key problems students in a project-based software engineering course faced in collaborating with students from another discipline.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of C10‐C17 Fragment of Soraphen A. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.