gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A stereo echo canceler with pre-processing for correct echo-path identification (2002)

A new stereo echo canceler with pre-processing for correct echo-path identification is proposed. The pre-processing is accomplished by a two-tap time-varying filter which delays the input signal periodically by one sample in one of the two channels. Aliasing components and audible clicks by pre-processing are made inaudible by selecting appropriate parameters for the filter. Simulations with the NLMS algorithm and a white Gaussian signal confirm the correct echo-path identification. For speech signals, the convergence speed of the proposed echo canceler is more than three times faster than that of an echo canceler with nonlinear transformations. Results of a subjective listening test demonstrate that quality of the pre-processed signals is 4.38 using the CCIR five-grade impairment scale. This is acceptable for general teleconference applications.
Implementation (1994)

CEOs and other strategists don't have to be frustrated in their efforts to renew their companies through strategic change. But they do need to pay as close attention to strategy implementation as they do to strategy formation.
Soluble ST2 for the diagnosis of acute aortic syndromes: a new hope or just another clone war? (2018)

Acute aortic syndromes (AAS) are cardiovascular emergencies affecting 3.5 to 6 per 100,000 patient-years in the general population, and ~35 per 100,000 patient-years in people aged >75 years (1,2). AAS subtypes are acute aortic dissection (AAD), aortic intramural hematoma (IMH), spontaneous aortic rupture and penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU), with AAD representing 60% to 90% of all cases.
Perineurium Originates from Fibroblasts: Demonstration in Vitro with a Retroviral Marker (1989)

A cellular sheath, the perineurium, forms a protective barrier around fascicles of nerve fibers throughout the peripheral nervous system. In a study to determine the cellular origin of perineurium, a culture system was used in which perineurium forms after purified populations of sensory neurons, Schwann cells, and fibroblasts are recombined. Before recombination, the Schwann cells or the fibroblasts were labeled by infection with a defective recombinant retrovirus whose gene product, beta-galactosidase, is histochemically detectable in the progeny of infected cells. Perineurial cells were labeled when fibroblasts had been infected but not when Schwann cells had been infected. Thus, perineurium arises from fibroblasts in vitro and, by implication, in vivo as well.
Synthesis of a fullerene derivative for the inhibition of HIV enzymes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of a fullerene derivative for the inhibition of HIV enzymesR. Sijbesma, G. Srdanov, F. Wudl, J. A. Castoro, Charles Wilkins, Simon H. Friedman, Dianne L. DeCamp, and George L. KenyonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 15, 6510–6512Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00068a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00068a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1315Altmetric-Citations389LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New Class of Cargo Protein in<i>Tetrahymena thermophila</i>Dense Core Secretory Granules (2002)

Regulated exocytosis of dense core secretory granules releases biologically active proteins in a stimulus-dependent fashion. The packaging of the cargo within newly forming granules involves a transition: soluble polypeptides condense to form water-insoluble aggregates that constitute the granule cores. Following exocytosis, the cores generally disassemble to diffuse in the cell environment. The ciliates Tetrahymena thermophila and Paramecium tetraurelia have been advanced as genetically manipulatable systems for studying exocytosis via dense core granules. However, all of the known granule proteins in these organisms condense to form the architectural units of lattices that are insoluble both before and after exocytosis. Using an approach designed to detect new granule proteins, we have now identified Igr1p (induced during granule regeneration). By structural criteria, it is unrelated to the previously characterized lattice-forming proteins. It is distinct in that it is capable of dissociating from the insoluble lattice following secretion and therefore represents the first diffusible protein identified in ciliate granules.
Measurement of levels of bread improvers in concentrates by means of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (1983)

Abstract The simultaneous analysis of ascorbic acid, azodicarbonamide and L‐cysteine in bread improver mix concentrates at levels of 0–10% in a starch diluent has been achieved. The use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy enabled the measurements to be obtained in less than one minute with accuracies of about ± 1% at the 95% confidence interval.
Behavior of LiOH·H<sub>2</sub>O crystals obtained by evaporation and by drowning out (2008)

Abstract In the present work, the behavior of crystals derived from two different crystallization methods applied in a concentrated aqueous lithium salt solution was studied. The LiOH·H 2 O crystals obtained by a simple evaporation (Crystal I) differed in terms of morphology and solubility from those precipitated from lithium hydroxide solutions by addition of ethanol as a co‐solvent (Crystal II). Solubility of Crystal II at different temperatures (15 to 35°C) and mass ratios of ethanol to water (0 to 0.1) was determined. Polymorphic like behavior of these crystals was evidenced from X‐ray diffraction patterns. Measurement of density, refractive index, absolute viscosity and electrical conductivity of saturated solutions are reported. A thermodynamic analysis in terms of the Chen model for the calculation of activity coefficients, indicate that the polymorphic system in water and in water + ethanol (ethanol/water ratio 0.1) is enantiotropic. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diagnostic classification of urothelial cells in urine cytology specimens using exclusively spectral information (2004)

The results of the current study demonstrate that spectral information, in the complete absence of morphologic or spatial information, allows discrimination of benign and malignant urothelial cells in routine urine cytology specimens. The authors believe that this novel technology, combined with spatial analysis, has the potential to serve as an ancillary test for improved detection of bladder carcinoma.
3-D Image Processing Algorithms (2000)

From the Publisher:
This guide presents and explains numerous image processing, analysis, and visualization techniques, including volume filtering, interpolation, discrete Fourier transform, evaluation of topological and geometrical features, region segmentation and edge detection, skeletonization and registration, and visualization. Necessary theoretical background is provided for each topic, along with a number of algorithms, selected on the basis of their acceptance by the scientific community. The presentation of each technique includes a commented implementation, either in C code or in C-like pseudocode. Though presented in an almost ready-to-run form, the C code is simplified to expose the structure of the processing algorithms, rather than their programming details. This combination of theoretical treatment and C code implementation allows readers to gain a thorough insight into these techniques. 3-D Image Processing Algorithms is a resource for electrical, computer, and biomedical engineers, as well as computer graphics professionals and programmers.--BOOK JACKET.
Muscle but not cutaneous C‐afferent input produces prolonged increases in the excitability of the flexion reflex in the rat. (1984)

Stimulation of cutaneous afferent fibres in the sural nerve and muscle afferent fibres in the gastrocnemius-soleus nerve at a strength that excites C axons produces a delayed and long-lasting burst of activity in posterior biceps femoris/semitendinosus flexor motoneurones. Following a 20 s stimulation at 1 Hz to the sural nerve the flexor motoneurones continue to fire for 20 s while a similar stimulus to gastrocnemius-soleus nerve results in an after-discharge lasting three times longer. Using stimuli to the sural and gastrocnemius-soleus nerves as conditioning stimuli (20 s, 1 Hz) changes in the excitability of the flexor reflex were measured by recording the discharge evoked by a test sural nerve stimulus or by a standard pinch to the ipsilateral and contralateral toes. Prior to any conditioning stimulus the flexor reflex remained stable for prolonged periods. Conditioning stimuli at strengths that activated large myelinated afferent fibres only, or large and small myelinated afferent fibres, failed to produce more than a very transient alteration in the reflex excitability. Conditioning stimuli at C-fibre strength to the sural nerve produced a marked increase in the excitability of the reflex for 10 min. C-fibre strength gastrocnemius-soleus nerve conditioning stimuli resulted in a similar increase in excitability followed by a second phase of facilitation peaking at 20-30 min and lasting for up to 90 min. The afferent barrage initiated by cutting the sural and gastrocnemius-soleus nerves resulted in similar patterns of reflex excitability increases with the muscle nerve resulting in a more prolonged effect than the cutaneous nerve. The results show that a brief C-afferent fibre input into the spinal cord can produce a prolonged increase in the excitability of the flexion reflex and that muscle C-afferent fibres evoke longer-lasting changes than cutaneous C fibres. The differences in the time course of the post-conditioning effects may be related to the well-described differences in the sensory consequences of injury to skin versus deep tissue.
Fetal cells participate over time in the response to specific types of murine maternal hepatic injury (2006)

The results of this preliminary study suggest that specific types of injury may elicit different fetal cell responses in maternal organs. There is a significant effect of time on fetal cell presence in liver and spleen. Furthermore, real-time PCR amplification is more sensitive than immunofluorescence for the detection of microchimeric fetal cells.
Work status and its determinants among patients with ankylosing spondylitis. A systematic literature review. (2001)

Results on work status show considerable variability due to heterogeneity of patient populations studied, but also because of large variation in choices and definitions of endpoints. The absence of data referring to a reference population and failure to adjust results for age and sex are striking. Although standardization in analyzing and reporting data on work status is badly needed, it is clear that work disability and sick leave in AS are substantial.
ChemInform Abstract: Study of the Heterocomplexes in the Vapor of the Na‐Sn‐Br‐I System and Their Relevance for Metal Halide Lamps. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Homogeneous, Titanocene-Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling of Amine−Borane Adducts (2006)

Transition metal catalysis represents a relatively unexplored but potentially useful route to form bonds between main group elements. Previous work in the area of amine-borane adduct dehydrocoupling has exclusively employed late transition metal (e.g., Rh) catalysts which were found to predominantly operate via a heterogeneous mechanism. Herein, we present a new, early transition-metal-catalyzed, homogeneous system which exhibits higher activity.
A reliability study of fractal analysis of the skeletonised vascular network using the "box-counting" technique (2006)

Binary vascular networks of the human retina were obtained by computerized processing of digital fundus images. Fractal analysis was performed on skeletonised versions. The effect of three parameters in the vascular segmentation and skeletonization algorithm was quantified, with threshold level found to have the greatest influence. The results were compared to fractal analysis of skeletons derived by manual tracing. The mean difference in fractal dimension between 2 observers is 0.004 (0.3%) and the coefficient of repeatability is +/- 0.050 (3.4%). Between a single observer and the computerized approach the mean difference is 0.012 (0.8%) and the coefficient is +/- 0.038 (2.6%). The computerized approach demonstrated a superior reliability compared to manual segmentation.
Generational reference counting: a reduced-communication distributed storage reclamation scheme (1989)

This paper describes generational reference counting, a new distributed storage reclamation scheme for loosely-coupled multiprocessors. It has a significantly lower communication overhead than distributed versions of conventional reference counting. Although generational reference counting has greater computational and space requirements than ordinary reference counting, it may provide a significant saving in overall execution time on machines in which message passing is expensive.
Ethics Auditing: Should it be Part of Large Law Firms' Ethical Infrastructure? (2008)

(2008). Ethics Auditing: Should it be Part of Large Law Firms' Ethical Infrastructure? Legal Ethics: Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 16-22.
Hybrid synthesis of optimal control for discrete event systems (2002)

A new solution to the synthesis of optimal control for discrete event systems modeled as finite state automata is given. The problem is as follows: given a system G and a forbidden state qb, find a state feedback policy (if there is one) f/sub max/ such that a given performance index E is maximized. The solution space is first reduced by some algebraic operations and then the optimal control problem is solved in the reduced solution space. Comparisons between this hybrid approach and other approaches are discussed. An example is given to illustrate the results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Operating two InfiniBand grid clusters over 28 km distance (2011)

This paper considers an InfiniBand connection between two bwGRiD clusters over a distance of 28 km in day-to-day production use. We discuss the hardware set-up of InfiniBand messages converted and transported over a fibre optic connection. The two clusters can be operated as single system image, the batch system will enforce that all nodes for a job are allocated on one side of the cluster. This is to optimise MPI performance, which would not be sufficient for communication between nodes on opposite sides of the 28 km connection. We report on the successful solution of all technical and organisational integration hurdles. By a simple performance model we discuss the anticipated costs for a doubling in communication performance.
Rearrangements of Linear Triquinanes to the Angular Isomers (1999)

Warming substituted linear triquinanes in t-BuOK/t-BuOH resulted in their isomerization to the corresponding angularly fused isomers in good yield (59−84%). An alternate route employs a base-catalyzed intramolecular Michael addition of bicyclo[6.3.0]undecenediones, a class of compounds found to be readily available from 1-alkenylbicyclo[3.2.0]hepten-7-ones via a “one-pot” sequence of reactions. This method is complementary to the isomerization reaction since it provides access to angular triquinanes not readily available from their linear isomers.
Enantiomeric Determination of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine in Urine by Precolumn Derivatization with Marfey's Reagent and HPLC (1998)

An analytical method was developed for enantiomeric determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine in human urine. The enantiomers were isolated from urine by solid-phase extraction, and diastereomers were formed by derivatization with the chiral Marfey's reagent (1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-l-aniline amide). The diastereomers were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in a water/methanol mobile phase and detected by absorbance spectrophotometry at 340 nm. Linear standard curves were obtained for all four enantiomers over a concentration range of 0.16-1.00 mg/L in urine. The detection limit was 0.16 mg/L urine for each enantiomer, and the limit of quantitation was 0.40 mg/L. The urine of 10 decedents was analyzed by this method and by a previously published precolumn derivatization procedure using (-)-1-(9-fluorenyl)ethyl chloroformate (FLEC) as the derivatizing agent and fluorescence detection. Comparison of the results of the two methods by linear regression showed comparable results for both d-amphetamine and d-methamphetamine. Neither method detected the presence of the l-enantiomers in the urine samples.
Analysis of Search and Browsing Behavior of Young Users on the Web (2014)

The Internet is increasingly used by young children for all kinds of purposes. Nonetheless, there are not many resources especially designed for children on the Internet and most of the content online is designed for grown-up users. This situation is problematic if we consider the large differences between young users and adults since their topic interests, computer skills, and language capabilities evolve rapidly during childhood. There is little research aimed at exploring and measuring the difficulties that children encounter on the Internet when searching for information and browsing for content. In the first part of this work, we employed query logs from a commercial search engine to quantify the difficulties children of different ages encounter on the Internet and to characterize the topics that they search for. We employed query metrics (e.g., the fraction of queries posed in natural language), session metrics (e.g., the fraction of abandoned sessions), and click activity (e.g., the fraction of ad clicks). The search logs were also used to retrace stages of child development. Concretely, we looked for changes in interests (e.g., the distribution of topics searched) and language development (e.g., the readability of the content accessed and the vocabulary size). In the second part of this work, we employed toolbar logs from a commercial search engine to characterize the browsing behavior of young users, particularly to understand the activities on the Internet that trigger search. We quantified the proportion of browsing and search activity in the toolbar sessions and we estimated the likelihood of a user to carry out search on the Web vertical and multimedia verticals (i.e., videos and images) given that the previous event is another search event or a browsing event. We observed that these metrics clearly demonstrate an increased level of confusion and unsuccessful search sessions among children. We also found a clear relation between the reading level of the clicked pages and characteristics of the users such as age and educational attainment. In terms of browsing behavior, children were found to start their activities on the Internet with a search engine (instead of directly browsing content) more often than adults. We also observed a significantly larger amount of browsing activity for the case of teenager users. Interestingly we also found that if children visit knowledge-related Web sites (i.e., information-dense pages such as Wikipedia articles), they subsequently do more Web searches than adults. Additionally, children and especially teenagers were found to have a greater tendency to engage in multimedia search, which calls to improve the aggregation of multimedia results into the current search result pages.
A Systematic Proteomic Study of Seed Filling in Soybean. Establishment of High-Resolution Two-Dimensional Reference Maps, Expression Profiles, and an Interactive Proteome Database  (2005)

A high-throughput proteomic approach was employed to determine the expression profile and identity of hundreds of proteins during seed filling in soybean (Glycine max) cv Maverick. Soybean seed proteins were analyzed at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks after flowering using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This led to the establishment of high-resolution proteome reference maps, expression profiles of 679 spots, and corresponding matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry spectra for each spot. Database searching with these spectra resulted in the identification of 422 proteins representing 216 nonredundant proteins. These proteins were classified into 14 major functional categories. Proteins involved in metabolism, protein destination and storage, metabolite transport, and disease/defense were the most abundant. For each functional category, a composite expression profile is presented to gain insight into legume seed physiology and the general regulation of proteins associated with each functional class. Using this approach, an overall decrease in metabolism-related proteins versus an increase in proteins associated with destination and storage was observed during seed filling. The accumulation of unknown proteins, sucrose transport and cleavage enzymes, cysteine and methionine biosynthesis enzymes, 14-3-3-like proteins, lipoxygenases, storage proteins, and allergenic proteins during seed filling is also discussed. A user-intuitive database (http://oilseedproteomics.missouri.edu) was developed to access these data for soybean and other oilseeds currently being investigated.
Timing modeling and analysis for AUTOSAR-based software development: a case study (2010)

Safety-critical automotive systems must fulfill hard real-time constraints for reliability and safety. This paper presents a case study for the application of an AUTOSAR-based language for timing modeling and analysis. We present and apply the Timing Augmented Description Language (TADL) and demonstrate a methodology for the development of a speed-adaptive steer-by-wire system. We examine the impact of TADL and the methodology on the development process and the suitability and interoperability of the applied tools with respect to the AUTOSAR-based tool chain in the context of our case study.
Optical heterodyne spectroscopy enhanced by an external optical cavity: toward improved working standards (1990)

A study is made of the use of an external resonator to enhance sub-Doppler signals observable with the high-sensitivity techniques of optical heterodyne spectroscopy. The case of modulation-transfer spectroscopy in a ring resonator is considered in detail. Exciting the /sup 127/I/sub 2/ resonance at 612 nm with a low-power He-Ne laser made it possible to observe a S/N of 250:1 in a 10-kHz bandwidth. Used in an optimal control loop, this performance would provide a laser stability of 10 Hz at 1 s. Such a greater-than-hundredfold improvement in stability should lead to increases in accuracy as well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>