gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Problems and approaches in covalent attachment of peptides and proteins to inorganic surfaces for biosensor applications (1994)

Some of the fundamental problems in covalent attachment of peptides and proteins to putative biosensor surfaces are reviewed and specific approaches to these problems discussed. In addition, selected aspects of our recent work utilizing self-assembled monolayer (SAM) systems designed to react selectively with the thiol side chain of Cys in proteins are presented. Uniform attachment of a 21-amino acid peptide antigen through a single Cys residue with retention of biological function (antibody binding) has been attained. Further work with this system may lead to solutions for some of the problems which currently prevent the development of reliable biosensors for industrial and medical use.
Rho/Rock cross-talks with transforming growth factor-β/Smad pathway participates in lung fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation (2014)

The differentiation of fibroblasts, which are promoted by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad, is involved in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. The Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming protein kinase (Rock) pathway may regulate the fibroblast differentiation and myofibroblast expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), however, the mechanism is not clear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of Rho/Rock and TGF-β/Smad in TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblasts differentiation. Human embryonic lung fibroblasts were stimulated by TGF-β1, Y-27632 (inhibitor of Rho/Rock signaling) and staurosporine (inhibitor of TGF-β/Smad signaling). The α-SMA expression, cell cycle progression, content of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cell culture supernatants and the expression of RhoA, RhoC, Rock1 and Smad2 were detected. The results demonstrated that α-SMA-positive cells significantly increased following TGF-β1 stimulation. Rho/Rock and TGF-β/Smad inhibitors suppressed TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblast differentiation. The inhibitors increased G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> and decreased S and G<sub>2</sub>/M percentages. The concentrations of the ECM proteins in the supernatant were significantly increased by TGF-β1 stimulation, whereas they were decreased by inhibitor stimulation. RhoA, RhoC, Rock1, Smad2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were upregulated by TGF-β1 stimulation. The Rho/Rock inhibitor downregulated Smad2 expression and the TGF-β/Smad inhibitor downregulated RhoA, RhoC and Rock1 expression. Therefore, the Rho/Rock pathway and Smad signaling were involved in the process of lung fibroblasts transformation, induced by TGF-β1, to myofibroblasts. The two pathways may undergo cross-talk in the lung fibroblasts differentiation <i>in vitro</i>.
The effect of a beta‐alanine supplement on the muscle carnosine content during training (2006)

Carnosine (Carn) occurs in high concentrations in muscle where it contributes to H + buffering. The aim was to investigate the effect of a commercial supplement containing, per serving, 1.6g β‐alanine (β‐Ala), 5.25g creatine and 1g taurine (Tau), on muscle Carn synthesis during training. Trained cyclists (n=12, 20 ± (SD)1 yr, 78 ± 8 kg ) received either the β‐Ala (n=6) containing supplement or a placebo, 3xd (4.8 g.d −1 β‐Ala) during 12wk of combined endurance (5 h/d, 6 d/wk) and weight training (3 d/wk). Muscle biopsies of the v. lateralis were taken at 0 and 12 wks for fibre morphology and analysis of Carn and Tau. Subjects undertook a cycle test to determine VO 2 max, anaerobic threshold (AnT) and endurance, and an isokinetic test of the knee extensors at 240°/sec. Type II cross sectional was increased with training in both groups, P<0.05. Carn was unchanged with training (23.9 vs 25.7 mmol.kg −1 dm) but increased with supplementation (20.5 vs 30.0 mmol.kg −1 dm), P<0.01. Tau did not change. AnT and endurance increased with supplementation but not isokinetic power output. CONCLUSION Carn was unchanged by training alone but increased by β‐Ala supplementation. Whilst this will increase H + buffering capacity, gains in exercise capacity may equally have been mediated by other components present. Supported by Natural Alternatives Intl.
Time course of neutrophil and macrophage elastinolytic activities in cigarette smoke-induced emphysema (1998)

The aim of this study was to compare the time course of neutrophil and macrophage elastinolytic potentials in the lungs of rats exposed daily to cigarette smoke inhalation for 1-6 mo in relation to the onset and progression of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema. Normal room air-exposed rats served as controls. Morphometric data of lung histological sections showed evidence of emphysema lesions in the lungs of smoke-exposed rats at month 2 and continuing to month 6. Data of total and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and collagenase-dissociated lung showed an increased number of lung neutrophils at month 1 of smoke exposure, but this was reduced to control levels at months 2-6. In contrast, an increased number of lung macrophages was evident in the smoke-exposed rats at month 2 of exposure and continued to month 6. Data of the elastinolytic activities of the neutrophils and macrophages, determined in [3H]elastin-coated culture wells, showed that the elastinolytic activity of lung neutrophils in the smoke-exposed rats was similar to that of the control air-exposed rats at months 1-6 of exposure. In contrast, the elastinolytic activity of lung macrophages in the smoke-exposed rats was increased at month 2 of exposure and remained increased at month 6. Excessive in vivo lung elastin breakdown (judged by increased levels of elastin-derived peptides and desmosine in lavage fluid, determined immunologically) was observed in the smoke-exposed rats at months 2-6 of exposure. These data indicate that the time course of increased macrophage-directed elastinolytic activity in the lung, not that of neutrophils, is more closely associated with the evolution of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema.
Chest Wall Thickness Measurements and the Dosimetric Implications for Male Workers in the South Korean Uranium Industry (2001)

Using ultrasound techniques, the Human Monitoring Laboratory has measured chest wall thicknesses of a group of male workers at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. A site-specific biometric equation has been developed for these workers, who are somewhat smaller than other workers reported in the literature. Chest wall thickness is an important modifier on lung counting efficiency. These data have been put into the perspective of the ICRP recommended dose limits for occupationally exposed workers: 100 mSv in a 5-year period with a maximum of 50 mSv in any one year. For measured chest wall thicknesses of 1.9 cm to 4.1 cm and a 30 min counting time, the achievable MDAs for natural uranium in the KAERI lung counter vary from 6.6 mg to 13.2 mg. These values are close to, or even exceed, the predicted amounts of natural uranium that will remain in the lung (absorption type M and S) after an intake equal to the Annual Limit on Intake corresponding to a committed dose of 20 mSv. This paper shows that the KAERI lung counter probably cannot detect an intake of Type S natural uranium in a worker with a chest wall thickness equal to the average value (2.7 cm) under routine counting conditions.
Oxidation of Diesel Particulates by Catalyzed Wall-Flow Monolith Filters (1987)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Regeneration characteristics of three catalyzed wall-flow monolith (WFH) diesel particulate filters (one commercial filter and two experimental filters designated GMR-Pt and GMR-Ag, respectively) were compared in dynamometer tests with a GM 4.3 L diesel engine, All three filters regenerated at temperatures below 540°C, the lowest exhaust temperature at which an uncatalyzed filter could be regenerated. Momentary throttling of the engine intake air increased both the rate and extent of the commercial trap regeneration, but had little affect on the experimental traps. The results of this study indicate that exhaust temperatures of 500°C or above are required for rapid regeneration of all three traps. Such temperatures are not readily attained with GM 4.3 L and 6.2 L vehicles. More active catalytic filters and additional modifications to the engine operation are required before catalyzed wall-flow monolith filters can be effectively employed on GM diesel engines.</div>
Oncogenomics (2004)

Contributors.Preface.Second I: Introduction.1. At the Precarious Cusp of Oncogenomics (Charles Brenner).Second II: Molecular Profiling in Cancer: DNA, RNA and Protein.2. Genome-Wide Searches for Mutations in Human Cancer (Michael R. Stratton, P. Andrew Futreal, and Richard Wooster).3. Molecular Cytogenetics: Increasing Resolution Using Array-Based CGH (Anne Kallioniemi).4. SNPs and Functional Polymorphisms in Cancer (Penelope E. Bonnen and David L. Nelson).5. Expression Profiling of Breast Cancer: From Molecular Portraits to Clinical Utility (Therese Sorlie, Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale, Per E. Lonning, Patrick O. Brown, and David Botstein).6. Classifying Hereditary Cancers and Phenocopies of Hereditary Cancers Using Expression Arrays (Mary B. Daly, Alicia Parlanti, and David Duggan).7. Linking Drugs and Genes: Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacoproteomics, Bioinformatics, and the NCI-60 (John N. Weinstein).8. Tissue Microanalysis: Profiling Cancer Stages (Michael A. Tangrea and Michael R. Emmert-Buck).9. Proteomic s in Bladder Cancer (Julio E. Celis, Irina Gromova, Fritz Rank and Pavel Gromov).Second III: Model Systems.10. Chemical and Genetic Methods to Validate Targets in Nonmammalian Organisms (Tia M. Maiolatesi and Charles Brenner).11. Mouse Models of Cancer (Debrah M. Thompson, Louise van der Weyden, Patrick J. Biggs, Yeun-Jun Chung and Allan Bradley).12. Genome-Wide Modifier Screens: How the Genetics of Cancer Penetrance May Shape the Future of Prevention and Treatment (Linda D. Siracusa, Karen A. Silverman, Revati Koratkar, Marina Markova and Arthur M. Buchberg).Second IV: Molecularly Targeted Drugs.13. Protein Kinases as Targets in Cancer Therapy: Validated and Emerging Approaches (Paul Nghiem, Yong-son Kim and Stuart L. Schreiber).14. Ras Superfamily-Directed Compounds (George C. Prendergast).15. Clinomics: Post-Genomic Cancer Care (Daniel D. Von Hoff, Haiyong Han, and David Bearss).Part V: Conclusion).16. Oncogenomics and the NCI Director's Vision for 2015 (Andrew C. von Eschenbach).Index.
A quad 0.6-3.2 Gb/s/channel interference-free CMOS transceiver for backplane serial link (2004)

A quad-channel 0.6-3.2 Gb/s/channnel transceiver using eight independent phase-locked loops (PLLs) shows a 1-ps rms random jitter performance without interchannel interference. The PLL employs a folded starved inverter with high supply/substrate noise immunity and an analog coarse-tuning scheme for both seamless frequency acquisition and N-fold voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO) gain reduction. A fixed-interval charge pumping is adopted for wide pumping-current range and large jitter tolerance. A wide-range delayed-locked loop (DLL) is utilized as a clock and reset generator for an elastic buffer. The transceiver, implemented in a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology, operates across a 30-in FR-4 backplane up to 3.2 Gb/s/ch with a bit-error rate of less than 10/sup -13/.
Induction of anti-tumor immunity by intrasplenic administration of a carcinoembryonic antigen DNA vaccine (2000)

These findings support future investigations of DNA vaccination strategies that specifically promote the uptake of plasmid by splenocytes.
Coeliac disease and autoimmune thyroid disease. (1994)

A well defined cohort of coeliac patients was studied prospectively to assess the prevalence of coexisting thyroid disease and positive thyroid autoantibodies. Comparison with epidemiological data on the prevalence of coeliac disease in a neighbouring area suggested that few adult coeliac patients had been missed. Overall, 14% of the coeliac patients had thyroid disease: 10.3% were hypothyroid and 3.7% hyperthyroid, both significantly more than expected. There were significantly more coeliac disease patients with thyroid autoantibodies than expected--11% had thyroglobulin antibodies and 15% had thyroid microsomal antibodies. This association is clinically important. Three patients are described in whom the coexistence of coeliac disease and hypothyroidism led to diagnostic difficulties and delay of treatment.
Application of Spinel-Type Cobalt Chromite as a Novel Catalyst for Combustion of Chlorinated Organic Pollutants (2000)

Various chromium-containing catalysts were tested for the total oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) as a model reaction for the catalytic combustion of chlorinated organic pollutants. A spinel-type cobalt chromite (CoCr2O4) among others was proven to be a very promising catalyst showing higher activity and higher CO2 selectivity than traditional alumina supported chromia. Even if both Cr3+ and Cr6+ species were observed on the surface of CoCr2O4, the Cr6+ species was stable under reducing environment. The presence of Cr3+-Cr6+ pair sites and the effect of redox treatments on the activity were investigated to explain the nature of possible active sites for TCE decomposition. Higher selectivity to CO2 of CoCr2O4 was ascribed to the abundance of its Cr3+ species, together with its activity for water gas shift reaction.
Screening of SDS-degrading bacteria from car wash wastewater and study of the alkylsulfatase enzyme activity. (2013)

Identification of the sdsA gene was carried by PCR and subsequent sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene and biochemical tests identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is able to degrade 84% of SDS after four days incubation. Bacteria isolated from car wash wastewater were shown to carry the sdsA gene (670bp) and the alkylsulfatase enzyme specific activity expressed from this gene was determined to be 24.3 unit/mg. The results presented in this research indicate that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a suitable candidate for SDS biodegradation.
A Secure Electronic Payment Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks (2014)

Electronic payment systems for wireless mesh networks need to take into account the limited computational and communicational ability of mesh clients. Micropayment scheme is well suited for this scenario since it is specifically designed for efficient operations in payment transactions. In this article, we propose a one way hash chain structure based on which efficient and secure payment protocols that support both prepaid and credit-based paying schemes are introduced.
A CMOS Direct-Digital BPSK Modulator Using an Active Balun and Common-Gate Switches (2007)

A 0.18 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> m CMOS binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulator circuit is proposed and demonstrated that can achieve high data rates and strong carrier suppression while having low DC power consumption and a very compact layout. The modulator accepts a single-ended microwave signal (2.4 GHz) and converts it to a balanced signal using an active balun. Complementary common-gate switches are then used to select one of the two balun outputs in correspondence with the digital data to produce BPSK modulation. Excellent performance is obtained with measured phase and amplitude errors of less than 1deg and 0.1 dB, respectively, and data rates up to 200 Mbps with a carrier frequency of 2.4 GHz. The insertion loss for the modulator is approximately 3 dB. Additionally, the active balun provides input matching and obtains an input reflection coefficient of -13 dB. The circuit layout area is 310 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> &3x000D7; 260 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> m and the power consumption is 7.2 mW.
Features in future: 4G visions from a technical perspective (2002)

Mobile communication is continuing to be one of the hottest areas developing at a booming speed, with advanced techniques emerging in all the fields of mobile and wireless communications. Currently, 3G mobile communication systems are just beginning to be deployed, while research on the next generation of mobile communications, 4G wireless and mobile networks, begin to pave the way for the future. This paper studies the visions of 4G from a technical perspective. After a brief review on the development history and status of mobile communications and related 4G perspectives, we present an overall 4G feature framework based on the kernel concept of integration, in which two key features (diversity and adaptability) of the three targets (terminals, networks and applications) are described in detail. The concepts of both external and internal diversity of each target are defined to illustrate the causes and solutions of the adaptability feature. Then, along the entire 4G domain, each feature in the framework is deeply discussed from a technical standpoint, in which promising techniques and possible research issues for sufficient support of adaptability are also proposed. Finally, a short summary on 4G visions is presented as a continuum of features in the development of the mobile communications world.
Dressing animated synthetic actors with complex deformable clothes (1992)

article Free Access Share on Dressing animated synthetic actors with complex deformable clothes Authors: Michel Carignan MIRALab, HEC. University of Montreal, Canada MIRALab, HEC. University of Montreal, CanadaView Profile , Ying Yang MIRALab, University of Geneva MIRALab, University of GenevaView Profile , Nadia Magnenat Thalmann Computer Graphics Lab. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Computer Graphics Lab. Swiss Federal Institute of TechnologyView Profile , Daniel Thalmann View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGGRAPH Computer GraphicsVolume 26Issue 2July 1992 pp 99–104https://doi.org/10.1145/142920.134017Published:01 July 1992Publication History 187citation1,521DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations187Total Downloads1,521Last 12 Months89Last 6 weeks15 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Non Thermal Plasma Aftertreatment of Particulates - Theoretical Limits and Impact on Reactor Design (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Increasingly stringent emissions legislation has resulted in a requirement for aftertreatment technologies capable of removing nitrogenous oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) from lean exhaust environments.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Non-thermal plasma (NTP) has been studied previously as a potential candidate for lean exhaust aftertreatment. Both experimental and theoretical work, however, has suggested that the energy cost for the complete gas-phase oxidation of particulates and hydrocarbons is too large for practical consideration in vehicle applications.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">It is shown that, by introducing a packing material into a NTP reactor, it is possible to increase the residence time of species within the plasma region. By increasing the residence time selectively, the level of oxidation of species may be decoupled from the energy deposition into the exhaust gas, thus allowing complete oxidation to be achieved more economically than previously predicted. An upper limit to the energy required for the NTP low temperature oxidation of carbonaceous PM in diesel exhaust is determined as 0·34 kW -hr/g.</div>
Human epithelial β-defensins 2 and 3 inhibit HIV-1 replication (2003)

This study shows for the first time that HIV-1 induces beta-defensin expression in human oral epithelial cells and that beta-defensins block HIV-1 replication via a direct interaction with virions and through modulation of the CXCR4 coreceptor. These properties may be exploited as strategies for mucosal protection against HIV-1 transmission.
Geometry of thyristor cathode shunts (1970)

In the all-diffused thyristor, the shunt pattern can easily be introduced by photo masking or silk screen techniques. It is known that the emitter shunts of various designs affected the rate of rise of forward blocking voltage, the forward I-V characteristics, the loop effect, the turn-on time, the dynamic forward voltage drop, and the reverse recovery time. This paper will show their relations to several shunt patterns based on experimental results.
Synthesizing constraint expressions (1978)

A constraint network representation is presented for a combinatorial search problem: finding values for a set of variables subject to a set of constraints. A theory of consistency levels in such networks is formulated, which is related to problems of backtrack tree search efficiency. An algorithm is developed that can achieve any level of consistency desired, in order to preprocess the problem for subsequent backtrack search, or to function as an alternative to backtrack search by explicitly determining all solutions.
Treatment for Alzheimer’s disease: has anything changed? (2015)

Current therapies for Alzheimer's disease do not modify the course of disease and are not universally beneficial. Clinical trials of drugs targeting amyloid and tau in established Alzheimer's disease have been unsuccessful as it is thought that treating established disease may be too late. Research has moved to the prodromal and pre-symptomatic phases of Alzheimer's disease, with a greater emphasis on the role of biomarkers in defining cases and monitoring response to therapy. Mixed pathologies predominate in the older population. The associations between biomarkers, neuropathology and clinical syndromes are weaker in older people and this is likely to pose a greater challenge in identifying effective therapies.
Micro-air-gap based intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric fiber-optic sensor (2006)

A simple intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (IFPI) sensor is developed. The sensor is fabricated by two micro air gaps as reflective mirrors in a fiber to form a Fabry-Perot cavity. Theoretical and experimental studies of the sensor are described. Experimental results show that high resolution and high sensitivity can be achieved. Two structures of micro-air-gap-based IFPI sensors offer more applications than other IFPI sensors.
HYALURONIC ACID IN CUTANEOUS INTRINSIC AGING (1994)

We propose that the variations of the levels of hyaluronic acid in the dermis in aging could account for some of the most striking alterations of the aged skin, including decreased turgidity, less support for microvessels, wrinkling, and altered elasticity.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Chiral Rhenium Alcohol Complexes of the Formula [(η<sup>5</sup>‐C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)Re(NO)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(ROH)]⊕BF<sub>4</sub>⊖ (1990)

Abstract Reactions of dichloromethane complex [(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(NO)‐(PPh 3 )(ClCH 2 Cl)]⊕ BF 4 ⊖ ( 2 ⊕ BF 4 ⊖ and alcohols ROH give the title compounds [(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(NO)‐(PPh 3 )(ROH)]⊕ BF 4 ⊖; ( 3 ⊕ BF 4 ⊖; a : R = Me, b : Et, c : CH 2 Ph, d : t ‐Bu) in 91–95% yields as air‐stable powders after workup. Reactions of 3a – c ⊕ BF 4 ⊖ and Et 3 N produce alkoxide complexes (η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(NO)‐(PPh 3 )(OR) ( 4a – c , 80–90%), which in turn react with HBF 4 – OEt 2 to give 3a – c ⊕ BF 4 ⊖. Reactions of 3a – c ⊕ BF 4 ⊖ and Ph 3 PX⊕ Br⊖ give the bromide complex (η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(NO)‐(PPh 3 )(Br) (85‐98%) and alcohols ROH. 3b,c ⊕ BF 4 ⊖ and aldehydes react to give π complexes [(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(NO)(PPh 3 )(η 2 ‐OCHR′)]⊕ BF 4 ⊖ (>94%). Reaction of 3b ⊕ BF 4 ⊖ and HSi(OEt) 3 generates the hydride complex (η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(O)(PPh 3 )(H) ( 5 , 77%). Reaction of 5 with Ph 3 C⊕ PF 6 ⊖ and then ROH gives 3 ⊕ PF 6 ⊖ (88–91%). NMR experiments establish the order OCHR > ROH > ROR for ligand binding energies to the rhenium fragment [(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Re(NO)(PPh 3 )]⊕.