gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The p53 pathway in breast cancer (2002)

p53 mutation remains the most common genetic change identified in human neoplasia. In breast cancer, p53 mutation is associated with more aggressive disease and worse overall survival. The frequency of mutation in p53 is, however, lower in breast cancer than in other solid tumours. Changes, both genetic and epigenetic, have been identified in regulators of p53 activity and in some downstream transcriptional targets of p53 in breast cancers that express wild-type p53. Molecular pathological analysis of the structure and expression of constituents of the p53 pathway is likely to have value in diagnosis, in prognostic assessment and, ultimately, in treatment of breast cancer.
Development of Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys Based on FePd Alloy (2001)

Fe-Pd alloys containing around 30at.%Pd have face centered cubic (fcc) structure, which is ferromagnetic, and transforms to martensite with face centered tetragonal (fct) structure. The martensite can be induced from the austenite phase by stressing just above the Ms temperature. The magnetization vs. external magnetic field (M-H) curves and stress-strain curves of both austenite and martensite phases were measured. Based on the magnetic and mechanical properties, a new method to utilize the stress-induced transformation is proposed for the actuation mechanism of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, and compared with the other mechanisms so far proposed, i.e. magnetic field induced transformation, and variant change mechanism. The effects of substituting iron or palladium by platinum, cobalt, or nickel on the mechanical and magnetic properties are examined with respect to their improvement.
Self-organizing robotic system for area coverage and surround of contamination found (2013)

The paper introduces the multi-robot area coverage problem, wherein a group of robots must inspect every point of a 2-dimensional test environment and surround all contaminations (or enemies) found. Self-organizing robotic systems are able to accomplish complex tasks in a changing environment, using local interactions among individual agents and local environment without an external global control. Our interest in this area is motivated by an involvement in a project with a goal to solve tasks of difficult area coverage and surveillance by a large team of small autonomous robots. In the paper, the architecture to achieve this is described, and some of the initial simulation results are presented.
HST search of the region around IGR J18245-2452 (2013)

We searched the region around the new INTEGRAL transient source IGR J18245-2452 (ATel #4925 #4927 #4929 #4934 #4959 #4960 #4961 #4964 #4981 #5003) using HST WFC3 and ACS/WFC imaging to characterize possible optical counterparts. The ATCA position of the transient source is R.A. 18h24m32.51s Dec. -24° 52' 07.9" (with a 90% confidence error of 0.5"; ATel #4981). Comparing the ATCA 8.5 GHz flux to the Swift/XRT measured 2-10 keV flux at the time (0.5-1E-10 erg/cm^2/s), we find that the radio/X-ray flux ratio is similar to that seen in e.g.
Fecal Bacteriotherapy for Relapsing <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection in a Child: A Proposed Treatment Protocol (2010)

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a potentially serious emerging infectious disease. The incidences of CDI in childhood and CDI cases complicated by relapses have increased by 50% or more in North America during the past 2 decades. We report here the case of a 2-year-old child with relapsing CDI caused by the epidemic strain BI/NAP1/O27 that was refractory to Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG probiotics and to intensive therapy with traditional (metronidazole, vancomycin) and experimental (rifaximin, nitazoxanide) antibiotics despite its apparent antimicrobial-susceptible phenotype. After excluding other infectious causes of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease, we designed a protocol to safely administer fecal bacteriotherapy via a temporary nasogastric tube. We demonstrated for the first time that fecal transplantation is practical and effective for treating relapsing CDI in a young child. We recommend that this strategy be reserved for complicated cases of CDI that fail conventional therapy until randomized studies can confirm the safety and effectiveness of fecal bacteriotherapy in children.
Stochastic modelling: From pattern classification to speech recognition and translation (2002)

This paper gives an overview of the stochastic modelling approach in automatic speech recognition and language translation. Starting from the Bayes decision rule for minimum error rate, we present the stochastic modelling approach to speech recognition and analyze its characteristic properties. We discuss the advantages of stochastic modelling and extend it to the translation of written language.
Conformational Properties of Cylindrical Rod Brushes Consisting of a Polystyrene Main Chain and Poly(<i>n</i>-hexyl isocyanate) Side Chains (2008)

Conformational properties of cylindrical rod brushes consisting of a flexible polystyrene main chain and poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) (PHIC) rod side chains have thoroughly been studied by static light and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 25 °C. These rod brushes were prepared by radical homopolymerization of 4-vinylbenzyloxy-ended PHIC macromonomers (1) (VB-HIC-Ns, where Ns is the weight-averaged degree of polymerization of HIC and in a range from 21 to 80) in n-hexane at 60 °C. The mean-square cross-sectional radius of gyration (⟨Rc2⟩0) of the brush at an infinite dilution is determined by SAXS measurement and rationalized as a function of Ns. The experimental value of ⟨Rc2⟩0 gradually increases with Ns but above Ns higher than 20 increases to follow the scaling law of ⟨Rc2⟩0 ∝ Ns0.87. The experimental Ns dependence of ⟨Rc2⟩0 is compared to that from the wormlike comb model whose main and side chains have different stiffness parameters. The molecular weight dependence of z-averaged mean-square radius of gyration (⟨Rg2⟩z) of the brush is determined and analyzed in terms of the wormlike cylinder model taking into account the end effects. The parameters characteristic of the rod brush in THF solution, such as the main chain stiffness parameter (λM−1), the molecular weight per unit contour length (ML), and the excluded-volume strength (B), are determined and rationalized as a function of the contour length of the side rod. The polystyrene main chain stiffness of the rod brush remarkably increases by the densely located rod side chains to follow the scaling law of λM−1 ∝ Ns1. The backbone stiffness of the rod brush is higher than that of the flexible brush consisting of flexible polystyrene side chains with the corresponding contour length. A single rod brush of poly(VB-HIC-47) deposited on a mica surface is observed by the scanning force microscopy to reasonably demonstrate the cylindrical rod brushes.
The synthetic student : a machine learning model to simulate MOOC data (2015)

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.
A Systems View of Annotations (2000)

Motivated by our design of an annotation system (Notable), we have developed a framework for annotation systems, based on dimensions of the platform used to create the annotations, the platform used to read them, the annotations themselves, the targets of the annotations, and the correspondence between annotation and target. We demonstrate the framework by using it to compare 10 different annotation systems, and to find unexplored possibilities in the design space. INTRODUCTION The notion of `annotation&apos; refers to many different practices. It refers to highlighting words in a text, placing marks or words in a margin, attaching PostIt ^TM notes to objects, publishing an annotated edition of an important work, etc. The term `annotation&apos; has also been used to describe more formal activities, such as assigning metadata to a literary work. As Marshall points out, even a photograph of a sky tucked into a meteorology textbook might be called an annotation [3]. With the growth of digital med...
Generating Unit Tests with Structured System Interactions (2017)

There is a large body of work in the literature about automatic unit tests generation, and many successful results have been reported so far. However, current approaches target library classes, but not full applications. A major obstacle for testing full applications is that they interact with the environment. For example, they access files on the hard drive or establish connections to remote servers. Thoroughly testing such applications requires tests that completely control the interactions between the application and its environment. Recent techniques based on mocking enable the generation of tests which include environment interactions, however, generating the right type of interactions is still an open problem. In this paper, we describe a novel approach which addresses this problem by enhancing search-based testing with complex test data generation. Experiments on an artificial system show that the proposed approach can generate effective unit tests. Compared with current techniques based on mocking, we generate more robust unit tests which achieve higher coverage and are, arguably, easier to read and understand.
Cloning, complementation, and characterization of an rfaE homolog from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1996)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae WS1 is a spontaneous pyocin (a bacteriocin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa)-resistant mutant of N. gonorrhoeae FA19 that produces a truncated lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and is non-transformable. The LOS-specific mutation in WS1 was moved into a transformable background by transforming FA19 with chromosomal DNA from WS1 (generating strain JWS-1). A clone (pJCL2) capable of restoring JWS-1 to wild-type LOS expression, as detected by its acquisition of reactivity with monoclonal antibodies and by its complemented sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profile, was isolated. Sequential unidirectional deletion and DNA sequence analysis of pJCL2 identified an open reading frame, designated lsi-7, that could complement the defect in JWS-1. Homology searches against various databases indicated that lsi-7 bad homology with several Escherichia coli genes involved in the phosphorylation of sugars. lsi-7 is adjacent to the lsi-6 gene, another gene involved in LOS biosynthesis. Complementation studies using Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide mutants showed lsi-6 and lsi-7 to be gonococcal homologs of S. typhimurium rfaD and rfaE, respectively. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis demonstrated that lsi-6 and lsi-7 are part of the same transcriptional unit.
Incorporation of Hepatitis-B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) into LiposomeS (1978)

Conference Article| October 01 1978 Incorporation of Hepatitis-B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) into LiposomeS EMANUEL K. MANESIS; EMANUEL K. MANESIS *Division of Clinical Investigation, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, Middx. HA1 3UJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar COLIN H. CAMERON; COLIN H. CAMERON †Virology Laboratory, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, Ridinghouse Street, London W1P 7LD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GREGORY GREGORIADIS GREGORY GREGORIADIS *Division of Clinical Investigation, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, Middx. HA1 3UJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1978) 6 (5): 925–928. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060925 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation EMANUEL K. MANESIS, COLIN H. CAMERON, GREGORY GREGORIADIS; Incorporation of Hepatitis-B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) into LiposomeS. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1978; 6 (5): 925–928. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060925 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1978 Biochemical Society1978 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A CAD-linked virtual assembly environment (2005)

This paper presents a novel approach to integrate VR and CAD for virtual assembly, namely, CAD linked virtual assembly environment. Compared with most existing VR and CAD integration approaches, the proposed approach is a kind of external integration with a CAD system through automation interfaces. A novel hybrid virtual assembly model is developed in this paper to support this external integration. It works as a combinator that links the precisely represented design dataset in CAD models and the corresponding hierarchically structured virtual assembly dataset in the VR application. With this model, a framework has been developed to embed and apply CAD assembly constraints on the virtual assembly structure. Constraint-based manipulation is then implemented in the virtual assembly environment. Moreover, with this framework, advanced computations, such as runtime DOF determination, disassembly directionality computation, and assembly/disassembly sequence generation, which rely on assembly constraint information, can be feasibly integrated into the virtual assembly application with much less effort. The approach is also more practical in terms of implementation due to two advantages: (1) It does not require the implementation of a complicated support for solid modelling in the virtual assembly application. (2) A virtual assembly environment can be automatically created and updated from the linked CAD models.
Successful Operation of a Permasep Permeator Reverse-Osmosis System on Biologically Active Feed Water (1981)

A "Permasep" permeator reverse osmosis (RO) installation, capable of producing 1500 cubic meters of product water per day, was successfully operated for six months with RO feed water drawn from an estuary and having 1200 to 1400 mg/l total dissolved solids (TDS). The plant shown in Figure 1 consists of a water pretreatment plant and four separate blocks of "Permasep" units. All blocks are fed by the same high pressure pump, and each block consists of 4-inch modules, reject-staged in a 2 to 1 ratio. The total conversion is about 70 percent -- this means that about 70 percent of the feed water is converted to product, with 30 percent discarded as a brine stream. Reject staging was used to achieve flow rates necessary to counteract the effects of concentration polarization. During this initial period local water authorities completed a dam, cutting the sea connection to the estuary and causing
Effects of different solution time on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA72 magnesium alloy (2011)

The microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA72 magnesium alloy after T6 heat treatment with different solution times were investigated using optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),mechanical apparatus and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that the ZA72 magnesium alloy mainly contains α-Mg,bulky Mg32(Al,Zn)49 and Mg7Zn3 phases which distribute on the grain boundary continuously.After T4 heat treatment,the second phases are converted to fine particles,meanwhile the size and amount have decreased gradually with the solution time increasing.The fine and dispersible white dots precipitates separate out at the grain boundary and grain internal,in addition that the amount of precipitates increase with the solution time extending.The mechanical properties of alloy are obviously improved after T6 heat treatment,the tensile strength and micro-hardness show the trend of arising first and descending later.When the solution time is 28 h,the tensile strength reaches the peak value of 308 MPa,which increases by 52.4% compared with that of the as-cast alloy.
Double N,B-Type Bidentate Boryl Ligands Enabling a Highly Active Iridium Catalyst for C–H Borylation (2015)

Boryl ligands hold promise in catalysis due to their very high electron-donating property. In this communication double N,B-type boryl anions were designed as bidentate ligands to promote an sp(2) C-H borylation reaction. A symmetric pyridine-containing tetraaminodiborane(4) compound (1) was readily prepared as the ligand precursor that could be used, in combination with [Ir(OMe)(COD)]2, to in situ generate a highly active catalyst for a broad range of (hetero)arene substrates including highly electron-rich and/or sterically hindered ones. This work provides the first example of a bidentate boryl ligand in supporting homogeneous organometallic catalysis.
An Interpretation of M-Site Hydraulic Fracture Diagnostic Results (1998)

Abstract Experiments at the GRI/DOE M-Site have shown that hydraulic fractures have a considerable degree of complexity that is difficult to account for using current understanding. Several of the key features are reviewed and an attempt is made to examine them relative to fracture mechanics, elasticity, and fluid-flow mechanisms. Key features include unexpected fracture containment, multiple fracture strands, secondary and T-shaped fracturing, large pressure drops down the fracture, significant differences in microseismically imaged geometry as a result of fluid-system changes, unexpectedly large residual width/deformation measurements after unpropped fracturing, large discrepancies in fracture area (and, thus, volume) between imaging and modeling results, evidence of complexities in proppant transport, and measurement of a clearly defined fracture closure pressure using a pressure independent technique.
Induction of Tyrosine-α-Ketoglutarate Transaminase in Fetal Rat Liver (1968)

Abstract Decapitation of fetuses in utero rendered rat liver tyrosine transaminase (l-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.5) occasionally inducible by hydrocortisone. By placing fetal rat liver in organ culture, reproducible induction by the steroid could be obtained. Histological and biochemical studies supported the conclusion that the hepatocytes remained healthy over a 3-day period in culture. The response to hormone was very low in fresh explants for the first 12 hours, but thereafter a 4- to 8-fold elevation in enzyme activity was obtained within 4 to 6 hours. The induced level of the transaminase was maintained unless steroid was removed, and then the activity fell rapidly back toward the control level. The optimal effective concentration of hydrocortisone was 10-6 m, but levels as low as 10-8 m produced a limited response. Only the glucocorticoids and the protein hormones insulin and glucagon were active inducers among a number of hormones tested. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D prevented enzyme induction, but hydrocortisone did not affect either general RNA or protein synthesis. Lactic dehydrogenase activity in explants of fetal liver was unaffected by hydrocortisone. Titrations against antibody showed that the tyrosine transaminases in fetal and adult liver are immunologically identical and proved that the increase in enzyme activity in explants exposed to hydrocortisone was due to an increase in enzyme protein. Immunochemical labeling experiments confirmed that synthesis de novo of enzyme protein is stimulated by hydrocortisone. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the synthesis of this enzyme is repressed during gestation.
Tegretol: A double blind trial in tinnitus (1981)

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Phonemic segmentation of fluent speech (2002)

A hierarchical approach to phonemic segmentation of continuous, speaker-independent speech is presented. Each sentence is divided into distinct obstruent and sonorant regions using a Bayesian decision surface. Rules are then used to make context specific corrections with these regions. Finally, finer segmentation is performed using a number of rules specific to obstruent and sonorant boundaries. Around 80% of the boundaries are located with an insertion rate of 12%. The developed system is suitable for use in phoneme recognition and automatic labelling of speech.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Thermal analysis of multiple-layer structures (1974)

The response of temperature to dc and steady-state ac power inputs in multiple-layer rectangular structures has been derived by solving analytically the problem of heat flow in three dimensions. Attention is focused on electrothermal integrated circuit (IC) substrates consisting of a semiconductor, a thermal conductor, and a thermal insulator. The analysis applies as well to single-layer systems, such as conventional IC substrates, for which the transient response of temperature has also been found.
Stable Shape Identification for Fluid-Structure Interaction Problem Using MINI Element (2000)

Numerical solutions of the shape identification for the circular cylinder is treated with in this paper. The Sakawa-Shindo method is employed for minimization algorithm. The unified computation approach to the simulation of the flow and the shape identification is presented. As the numerical approach for the spatial discretization, the mixed interpolation by the bubble and linear elements is applied for velocity and by linear element for pressure, respectively.
New techniques for efficient verification with implicitly conjoined BDDs (1994)

In previous work, Hu and Dill identified a common cause of BDD-size blowup in high-level design verification and proposed the method of implicitly conjoined invariants to address the problem. That work, however, had some limitations: the user had to supply the property being verified as an implicit conjunction of BDDs, the heuristic used to decide which conjunctions to evaluate was rather simple, and the termination test, though fast and effective on a set of examples, was not proven to be always correct. In this work, we address those problems by proposing a new, more sophisticated heuristic to simplify and evaluate lists of implicitly conjoined BDDs and an exact termination test. We demonstrate on examples that these more complex heuristics are reasonably efficient as well as allowing verification of examples that were previously intractable.