gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Death receptor‐3 mediates apoptosis in human osteoblasts under narrowly regulated conditions (2006)

We previously reported that a soluble form of the TNF-family receptor death receptor-3 (DR3) is expressed in osteoblasts. DR3 regulates death or differentiation in other tissues, and DR3 ligands occur in bone, but the function of DR3 in the osteoblast was unknown. We studied the expression of DR3 and the effects crosslinking antibodies to DR3 or of natural DR3 ligands in human osteoblasts. Western analysis showed that nontransformed osteoblasts and the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line produce both soluble decoy receptor and transmembrane isoforms of DR3. Cell surface labeling showed that low and high DR3-expressing osteoblast populations occur. Verification of by cloning showed a point mutation in DR3 from MG63 cells. Activation of DR3 by antibody crosslinking or with DR3 ligands caused apoptosis in osteoblasts and in MG63 cells, but only in low-density cell cultures. In dense cultures apoptosis did not occur, but nuclear factor-kappaB nuclear translocation was observed under some conditions. Crosslinking of DR3 in high-density MG63 cultures blocked expression of bone matrix elements. DR3 activation in high-density nontransformed osteoblasts had only minor effects on cell maturation. We conclude that DR3 activation can mediate apoptosis in osteoblasts. Its activity is, however, highly restricted by its soluble ligand-binding isoform and possibly also by alternate survival signals. In the presence of survival signals, DR3 may affect cell maturation although effects on differentiation were clearly seen only in the MG63 transformed cell line.
A Clinical and Epidemiological Study of an Epidemic of non-A non-B Hepatitis in Rangoon (1985)

A total of 519 cases of viral hepatitis were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital from June to October 1982 during an epidemic in Rangoon; 399 cases were found to be hepatitis non-A non-B, 84 cases were hepatitis B and 36 cases were hepatitis A. A clinical study was done of the 399 non-A non-B hepatitis cases. Also a prospective study of 434 households made up of 217 non-A non-B hepatitis cases with their families, together with 217 matched control families were followed up for a period of seven months to detect secondary cases among the family members. Non-A non-B hepatitis was found to occur most in adults of 20-40 years. Non-A non-B hepatitis is indistinguishable from the other two types of viral hepatitis. Case fatality rate was the highest in pregnant women with non-A non-B hepatitis. The field study suggested non-A non-B hepatitis can be transmitted by intrafamily spread. No evidence of sexual or syringe transmission of non-A non-B hepatitis was found.
Blue Laser Diodes Fabricated on<i>m</i>-Plane GaN Substrates (2008)

Blue laser diodes (LDs) were fabricated on m-plane oriented GaN substrates by atmospheric-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Typical threshold current for stimulated emission at a wavelength λ of 463 nm was 69 mA. Blueshift of the spontaneous emission peak with increasing injection current was examined in LDs fabricated on m- and c-plane GaN substrates. Blueshifts for the m-plane LD (λ=463 nm) and the c-plane LD (λ=454 nm) with an injection current density just below threshold were about 10 and 26 nm, respectively. These results confirm that the blueshift in quantum-wells fabricated on m-plane oriented substrates is smaller than on c-plane oriented substrates due to the absence of polarization-induced electric fields.
Detailed characterization of a fractured limestone formation using stochastic inverse approaches (1994)

We discuss here two inverse approaches to construction of fracture flow models and their application in characterizing a fractured limestone formation. The first approach creates ``equivalent discontinuum`` models that conceptualize the fracture system as a partially filled lattice of conductors which are locally connected or disconnected to reproduce the observed hydrologic behavior. An alternative approach viz. ``variable aperture lattice`` models represent the fracture system as a fully filled network composed of conductors of varying apertures. The fracture apertures are sampled from a specified distribution, usually log-normal consistent with field data. The spatial arrangement of apertures is altered through inverse modeling so as to fit the available hydrologic data. Unlike traditional fracture network approaches which rely on fracture geometry to reproduce flow and transport behavior, the inverse methods directly incorporate hydrologic data in deriving the fracture networks and thus naturally emphasize the underlying features that impact the fluid flow and transport. However, hydrologic models derived by inversion are non-unique in general. We have addressed such non-uniqueness by examining an ensemble of models that satisfy the observational data within acceptable limits. We then determine properties which are shared by the ensemble of models as well as their associated uncertainties to create a conceptual model of the fracture system.
An active analog delay and the delay reference loop (2004)

Wireline signal processing circuits such as transversal equalizers rely on true time delay. An active analog delay stage is proposed that requires a sixteenth of the area of a comparable LC delay line. A delay reference loop is also presented to tune the delay stage against process, voltage, and temperature variations. A reference signal is introduced to tune the delay. The impact of non-idealities must be considered, to understand the relationship between the reference frequency and the locked time delay. A SiGe BiCMOS implementation of the active analog delay stage and delay reference loop is presented that operates to 10 Gb/s.
A new IEEE 1149.1 boundary scan design for the detection of delay defects (2000)

Furthermore 2log(N+2) interconnect test patterns are proposed for both static and delay testing.
Advances in Sonothrombolysis Techniques Using Piezoelectric Transducers (2020)

One of the great advancements in the applications of piezoelectric materials is the application for therapeutic medical ultrasound for sonothrombolysis. Sonothrombolysis is a promising ultrasound based technique to treat blood clots compared to conventional thrombolytic treatments or mechanical thrombectomy. Recent clinical trials using transcranial Doppler ultrasound, microbubble mediated sonothrombolysis, and catheter directed sonothrombolysis have shown promise. However, these conventional sonothrombolysis techniques still pose clinical safety limitations, preventing their application for standard of care. Recent advances in sonothrombolysis techniques including targeted and drug loaded microbubbles, phase change nanodroplets, high intensity focused ultrasound, histotripsy, and improved intravascular transducers, address some of the limitations of conventional sonothrombolysis treatments. Here, we review the strengths and limitations of these latest pre-clincial advancements for sonothrombolysis and their potential to improve clinical blood clot treatments.
The Duchy of Lancaster Records (1947)

Two hundred and fifty years ago a record-keeper sat amid the boxes, the cupboards and the shelves which housed his charges, compiling ‘an account of all or most of the records in the Duchy office and how to find them’. The result was invaluable for searchers in the Duchy of Lancaster records, but lacking order and arrangement, as its author was the first to admit, it is not a systematic description of these records and it says very little about their history. There is therefore some justification for attempting a comprehensive view of these records. The rich diversity of interest which the Duchy bears is fully reflected in the range of its records. It has indeed been said that ‘what the records of the United Kingdom are at large, these records of the Duchy are in miniature’. That is a bold assertion, difficult to sustain. For one thing, the Duchy never knew the complicated processes of the royal exchequer, and it must be obvious that the Duchy could not repeat in parvo the whole pattern of the nation's life. Yet the analogy gives a hint of the records' scope, and it becomes closer if we take the Duchy records to include those of the Palatinate of Lancaster. It is true that in the Public Record Office, which contains most of the records under discussion, the two series are treated separately, and the Guide , repeating a distinction drawn in 1868 in the Deputy Keeper's Report, says that the Duchy records ‘are entirely distinct from the records of the County palatine, which, although public, are purely local, whilst the Duchy Records, though private, concern the government and jurisdiction of the entire dominion of the Duchy and embrace the County Palatine as a subordinate regality’. This statement, which the grammarian finds imperfect as an example of the chiastic construction, is equally unsatisfactory to the archivist or historian if we understand it to refer to the palatinate, and not to the administration of the modern county council. We ought no more to segregate the palatinate simply because it was an organ of public administration than we should, say, a private hundred, and the description itself recognises the county palatine as a component part of the Duchy. How the judicial records of the court of Duchy chamber were any less public than those of the chancery court in Lancashire, is not explained. The distinction, in fine, is fallacious.
Simplification by Cooperating Decision Procedures (1979)

A method for combining decision procedures for several theories into a single decision procedure for their combination is described, and a simplifier based on this method is discussed. The simplifier finds a normal form for any expression formed from individual variables, the usual Boolean connectives, the equality predicate =, the conditional function if-then-else, the integers, the arithmetic functions and predicates +, -, and ≤, the Lisp functions and predicates car, cdr, cons, and atom, the functions store and select for storing into and selecting from arrays, and uninterpreted function symbols. If the expression is a theorem it is simplified to the constant true, so the simplifier can be used as a decision procedure for the quantifier-free theory containing these functions and predicates. The simplifier is currently used in the Stanford Pascal Verifier.
Correlation of growth capacity of cells in hard agarose with successful transfection by the activated c-Ha-ras oncogene and in vivo proliferative capacity at metastatic sites. (1991)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the degree of anchorage-independent growth of rodent or human cells in increasing concentrations of agarose correlated with successful transfection of the cells with an activated c-Ha-ras oncogene and tumorigenicity in nude mice. NIH 3T3 cells, C3H 10T1/2 fibroblasts, four clones of the murine K-1735 melanoma with different metastatic capacities and the TE85 human osteogenic sarcoma line were transfected with plasmids containing the 6.6-kilobase BamHI fragment of the mutant human c-Ha-ras gene and the neo gene, which confers resistance to neomycin (pSV2-neoEJ). Cells transfected with pSV2-neo, a plasmid containing the neo gene, served as controls. Cells from parental or transfected lines (selected by Geneticin) were plated into medium containing 0.3%, 0.6% 0.9%, or 1.2% agarose. These cells were also injected subcutaneously and intravenously into nude mice. The production of tumor cell colonies in dense agarose (greater than or equal to 0.6%) correlated with successful transfection with pSV2-neoEJ and production of experimental metastases in the lung of nude mice. We conclude that the degree of anchorage-independent growth of cells predicts successful transfection with activated c-Ha-ras oncogene and tumorigenic behavior in vivo. Thus this technique may be useful for the detection of cells transfected with transforming oncogenes.
The Effects of<i>Rhodiola rosea</i>L. Extract on Anxiety, Stress, Cognition and Other Mood Symptoms (2015)

This trial evaluated the impact of a Rhodiola rosea L. extract on self-reported anxiety, stress, cognition, and other mood symptoms. Eighty mildly anxious participants were randomized into two different groups of either Rhodiola rosea L (2 × 200 mg dose Vitano®, 1 tablet taken before breakfast and 1tablet before lunch) or a control condition (no treatment). Self-report measures and cognitive tests were completed at four testing sessions over a period of 14 days. Relative to the controls, the experimental group demonstrated a significant reduction in self-reported, anxiety, stress, anger, confusion and depression at 14 days and a significant improvements in total mood. No relevant differences in cognitive performance between the groups were observed. Rhodiola rosea L (Vitano®) presented a favourable safety tolerability profile. Although this was a non-placebo controlled trial, it is unlikely that the findings were the result of placebo effects as changes appeared gradual and were specific to certain psychological measures. However, we cannot determine a causal relationship; further investigations are recommended to support the effects of Rhodiola rosea L. extract on stress related symptoms.
Development of a Sensor Node for Precision Horticulture (2009)

This paper presents the design of a new wireless sensor node (GAIA Soil-Mote) for precision horticulture applications which permits the use of precision agricultural instruments based on the SDI-12 standard. Wireless communication is achieved with a transceiver compliant with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The GAIA Soil-Mote software implementation is based on TinyOS. A two-phase methodology was devised to validate the design of this sensor node. The first phase consisted of laboratory validation of the proposed hardware and software solution, including a study on power consumption and autonomy. The second phase consisted of implementing a monitoring application in a real broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var Marathon) crop in Campo de Cartagena in south-east Spain. In this way the sensor node was validated in real operating conditions. This type of application was chosen because there is a large potential market for it in the farming sector, especially for the development of precision agriculture applications.
The Role of Inheritance in Behavior (1990)

Inheritance plays a major role in behavior as shown by selection and strain studies for animal behavior and by twin and adoption studies for human behavior. Unlike simple Mendelian characteristics, genetic variance for behavioral dimensions and disorders rarely accounts for more than half of the phenotypic variance, and multiple genes with small effects appear to be involved rather than one or two major genes. Genetic research on behavior will be transformed by techniques of molecular biology that can be used to identify DNA sequences responsible for behavioral variation. However, the importance of nongenetic factors and the multigenetic control of behavior require new strategies to detect DNA markers that account for small amounts of behavioral variation.
Structure and property of directionally grown SiGe multicrystals with microscopic compositional distribution (2003)

Mullticrystalline SiGe with microscopic compositional distributions is an attractive material for a new high efficiency solar cell because it has a possibility to absorb the near infrared light, which is transparent to Si. In this study, structural property and absorption coefficient was investigated for mc-SiGe and those were compared with mc-Si. Columnar structure for mc-SiGe was obtained using directional growth method. It was found that the preferential crystallographic orientation of mc-SiGe is {110} plane, which is different from mc-Si. By measuring the absorption coefficient, we demonstrated that the introduction of microscopic compositional distribution in mc-SiGe is an effective way to increase absorption coefficient in longer wavelength. Mc-SiGe is therefore concluded to be promising for enabling the realization of low-cost and highly efficient solar cells.
Uvodna bilješka (2016)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Metal‐Free Multicomponent Reaction for Synthesis of 4,5‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐(<i>NH</i>)‐Triazoles (2018)

Abstract A metal‐free domino reaction was developed for efficient synthesis of 4,5‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐( NH )‐triazoles by sequentially coupling sulfur salts with aldehydes and sodium azide. In the presence of L ‐proline, olefinic sulfur salt intermediates rather than epoxides are formed in situ via the coupling of sulfur salts with aldehydes and cyclize with azide ion. This process features mild conditions, high efficiency, commercially available starting materials, and wide substrate scope. magnified image
Development of DNA Topoisomerase-Related Therapeutics: A Short Perspective of New Challenges (2004)

Antitumor agents targeting DNA and DNA-associated processes are widely used in the treatment of human cancers and produce significant increases in the survival of patients. DNA topoisomerases remain the most significant target of these cytotoxic drugs and constitute a growing family of nuclear enzymes that regulate DNA topology during DNA replication and recombination, DNA transcription, chromosome condensation-decondensation and segregation. Major progress has been attained in recent years in the understanding of the structures of these enzymes and their main cellular functions, hopefully providing new opportunities for pharmacological interventions. New leads and derivatives of known structures have been reported recently, and here they will be discussed highlighting the challenges to find innovative and more effective drugs. Moreover, we will review novel and diverse approaches relevant to the development of new topoisomerase-related therapeutics.
Multimedia systems: an overview (1994)

Advances in distributed multimedia systems have begun to significantly affect the development of on-demand multimedia services. Researchers are working within established computer areas to transform existing technologies and develop new ones. Multimedia is shown as the merging of computing, communications, and broadcasting.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hemodialysis-Induced Degranulation of Polymorphonuclear Cells: No Correlation between Membrane Markers and Degranulation Products (2000)

Our data suggest that the measurements of cell surface markers may not be a reliable indicator of the degree of HD-induced PMN degranulation.
Dynamic Modeling and Control of Parallel Robots With Elastic Cables: Singular Perturbation Approach (2014)

In this paper, control of fully-constrained parallel cable robots with elastic cables is studied in detail. In the modeling process, longitudinal vibration of cables is considered as their dominant dynamics, and the governing equations of motion are rewritten to the standard form of singular perturbation. The proposed composite controller consists of two main components. A rigid controller is designed based on the slow or rigid model of the system and a corrective term is added to guarantee asymptotic stability of the fast dynamics. Then, by using Tikhonov theorem, slow and fast variables are separated and incorporated into the stability analysis of the overall closed-loop system, and a set of sufficient conditions for the stability of the total system is derived. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control law is verified through simulations.
Binaphthol-derived phosphoric acids as efficient chiral organocatalysts for the enantiomer-selective polymerization of rac-lactide (2014)

A high enantiomer-selectivity for the polymerization of rac-lactide was achieved using chiral binaphthol-derived monophosphoric acids as organocatalysts. During the polymerization, d-lactide (DLA) preferentially polymerized via kinetic resolution with the maximum selectivity factor (kD/kL) of 28.3. The selective polymerization of DLA was derived from a dual activation, i.e., monomer activation and chain-end activation.
Introduction to Accounting (2000)

1. Background to accounting 2. Recording of financial transactions 3. Applying controls and concepts to financial information 4. The profit and loss account and balance sheet 5. A further look at assets and liabilities 6. Revision Chapter (1): From the trial balance to the financial summaries 7. Accounting and funding of multi-organisations 8. Incomplete records and club accounts 9. Cash flow statements 10. Making sense of financial statements 11. Introduction to management accounting 12. Revision Chapter (2): Further practice questions
Etiology of inflammatory bowel disease：A unified hypothesis (2012)

包括 ulcerative 大肠炎(UC ) 和 Crohns 疾病(CD ) ，煽动性的肠疾病(IBD ) 为大约一个世纪出现了并且戏剧性地增加了。尽管有广泛的研究，它的原因仍然保持认为是未知。大约一十年以前，一系列调查结果让我猜想那糖精可以是为 IBD 的一个关键原因的因素，通过它内脏细菌和消化朊酶并且在粘液层和内脏障碍(Bacteria-Protease-Mucus-Barrier 假设) 的消化上的结果的损害 inactivation 上的抑制。它在最后一个世纪在象它的出现和时间的变化那样的 IBD 解释了许多难题。最近，我进一步发现证据建议 sucralose 可以也是作为糖精通过类似的机制连接了到 IBD 并且贡献了 IBD 的最近的世界范围的增加。这个新假设建议 UC 和 CD 只是一样的病态，而非二不同疾病的二症状。他们被一在内脏障碍变弱两个都引起并且仅仅不同因为 UC 主要由于内脏细菌的增加的渗入和 neutrophils 的结果的招募和地窟脓肿的形成，当 CD 从内脏腔和巨噬细胞的结果的招募和 granulomas 的形成主要由于抗原和粒子的增加的渗入时。它解释了推迟的外观，但是在 UC 和许多另外的现象上加速了 CD 的增加。这份报纸试图关于 IBD 的病原学提供对一个统一假设的详细描述，包括 IBD，以及在 UC 和 CD 之间的关系的原因和机制。
Reaction of Amide Homologs. XXIII. Syntheses of α-Amidobenzylamines (1969)

A variety of N-α-amidobenzyl compounds attached to secondary amines have been newly prepared advantageously by reactions of N, N'-benzylidenebisamines with amides. Also the known procedures for preparation of N, N'-benzylidenebisamines from benzaldehyde was best improved in yield using a dehydrating agent, boron trioxide.
Sex‐hormone‐induced inflammation and fibromuscular proliferation in the rat lateral prostate (1988)

The subacute administration of estradiol-17 beta was shown to be a potent inducer of an inflammatory response specific to the lateral prostate of the castrated Wistar rat. The subsequent administration of dihydrotestosterone restored the wet weight of the gland while maintaining the inflammation established with estrogen treatment. These changes are histologically similar to a spontaneously arising nonbacterial prostatitis previously reported by others in the aging rat lateral prostate. When the same hormones were administered on a chronic basis, the intensity of the inflammation increased with time and was accompanied by a fibromuscular proliferation that consisted of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and collagen. These chronic changes correlated well with studies by other investigators on human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) where certain forms of BPH were associated with a significant degree of inflammation and fibromuscular growth. The present studies therefore establish a model system for the hormonal induction of an inflammatory reaction in the rat lateral prostate that precedes and could be causally related to proliferative responses in the fibromuscular stroma. The potentially important similarities that exist between these experimental findings and the human problems of nonbacterial prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia warrant additional study.