gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-adaptive games for rehabilitation at home (2012)

Computer games are a promising tool to support rehabilitation at home. It is widely recognized that rehabilitation games should (i) be nicely integrated in general-purpose rehabilitation stations, (ii) adhere to the constraints posed by the clinical protocols, (iii) involve movements that are functional to reach the rehabilitation goal, and (iv) adapt to the patients' current status and progress. However, the vast majority of existing rehabilitation games are stand-alone applications (not integrated in a patient station), that rarely adapt to the patients' condition. In this paper, we present the first prototype of the patient rehabilitation station we developed that integrates video games for rehabilitation with methods of computational intelligence both for on-line monitoring the movements' execution during the games and for adapting the gameplay to the patients' status. The station employs a fuzzy system to monitor the exercises execution, on-line, according to the clinical constraints defined by the therapist at configuration time, and to provide direct feedback to the patients. At the same time, it applies real-time adaptation (using the Quest Bayesian adaptive approach) to modify the gameplay according both (i) to the patient current performance and progress and (ii) to the exercise plan specified by the therapist. Finally, we present one of the games available in our patient stations (designed in tight cooperation with therapists) that integrates monitoring functionalities with in-game self-adaptation to provide the best support possible to patients during their routine.
Development of an efficient 9-kW 496-μm CH3F laser oscillator (1975)

A 496-μm CH3F cavity laser characterized by an average power of 9 kW and predominant single longitudinal mode operation with a linewidth of 28 MHz has been constructed. The power conversion efficiency of the laser (CH3F power out/CO2 pump power in) is on the order of 1.5×10−3. The CH3F gas is pumped in a zig-zag fashion by the CO2 laser radiation.
Role of channel activation in cognitive enhancement mediated by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (2009)

Collectively, these findings suggest that a degree of alpha7 nAChR agonist efficacy is required for behavioural effects in the IA paradigm, and that such behavioural efficacy is not due to alpha7 nAChR desensitization. Also, a partial agonist of very low efficacy for this receptor could be used as an inhibitor, in the absence of alpha7 nAChR antagonists with favourable CNS penetration.
Ribozyme-mediated down-regulation of ErbB-4 in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells inhibits proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. (1999)

ErbB-4 is a recently discovered member of the class I receptor tyrosine kinase family (ErbB). Little is known about its expression and its importance in human malignancy. To delineate the biological function of ErbB-4 receptors in breast cancer, we used a hammerhead ribozyme strategy to achieve down-regulation of ErbB-4 receptors in various breast cancer cell lines. We observed that down-regulation of ErbB-4 in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and T47D), which express relatively high levels of ErbB-4, significantly inhibited colony formation. No effects were observed in estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-453 cells, which express low levels of endogenous ErbB4 and high levels of ErbB-2 and ErbB-3. This occurred despite the fact that fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of these latter cells revealed that the expression of the ErbB-4 receptor was completely abrogated by ribozyme treatment. Furthermore, down-regulation of ErbB-4 in T47D and MCF-7 cells significantly inhibited tumor formation in athymic nude mice (P < 0.03 and P < 0.001, respectively). In addition, NRG-stimulated phosphorylation of ErbB-4- and NRG-induced colony formation was significantly reduced in ribozyme-transfected T47D cells. These data provide the first evidence that elevation of ErbB-4 expression plays a role in the proliferation of some ER+ human breast cancer cell lines (T47D and MCF-7) that express high levels of ErbB-4. We have also investigated the expression of ErbB-4 in human primary breast carcinoma specimens, using immunohistochemical staining with an anti-ErbB-4 monoclonal antibody. ErbB-4 expression was found in 60% of the 50 primary breast tumors examined, and high intense immunoreactivity of ErbB-4 was detected in 18% of these primary breast tumors. ErbB-4 receptor expression appeared to correlate with ER+ primary breast tumors. A similar correlation was also observed in the human breast cancer cell lines. These results provide a better understanding of the biological significance of ErbB-4 receptor in breast cancer. Our data suggest that elevation of the ErbB-4 receptor plays a role in ER+ breast cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, ribozyme technology provides a useful tool to delineate the role of a particular gene product.
A Framework for the Calculation of Dynamic Crosstalk Cancellation Filters (2014)

Dynamic crosstalk cancellation (CTC) systems commonly find use in immersive virtual reality (VR) applications. Such dynamic setups require extremely high filter update rates, so filter calculation is usually performed in the frequency-domain for higher efficiency. This paper proposes a general framework for the calculation of dynamic CTC filters to be used in immersive VR applications. Within this framework, we introduce a causality constraint to the frequency-domain calculation to avoid undesirable wrap-around effects and echo artifacts. Furthermore, when regularization is applied to the CTC filter calculation, in order to limit the output levels at the loudspeakers, noncausal artifacts appear at the CTC filters and the resulting ear signals. We propose a global minimum-phase regularization to convert these anti-causal ringing artifacts into causal artifacts. Finally, an aspect that is especially critical for dynamic CTC systems is the filter switch between active loudspeakers distributed in a surround audio-visual display system with 360 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> of freedom of operator orientation. Within this framework we apply a weighted filter calculation to control the filter switch, which allows the loudspeakers' contribution to be windowed in space, resulting in a smooth filter transition.
Notes - Decarbonylation of 3-Indoleglyoxalyl Chloride (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Decarbonylation of 3-Indoleglyoxalyl ChloridePaul Peterson, John Wolf III, and Carl NiemannCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 2, 303–304Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1958Publication History Published online12 May 2003Published inissue 1 February 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01096a606https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01096a606research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phospholipid Transfer Protein Mediates Transfer of not Only Phosphatidylcholine but Also Cholesterol from Phosphatidylcholine-Cholesterol Vesicles to High Density Lipoproteins (1997)

Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) purified from human plasma was found to enhance the transfer of cholesterol from single bilayer vesicles containing phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol to high density lipoprotein-3. The rate of cholesterol transfer was greatly influenced by the cholesterol content of the donor vesicles. The maximal rate was observed with the vesicles containing 20-25 mol % cholesterol. This was in contrast to a progressive decline in the rate of phosphatidylcholine transfer with an increase in the cholesterol content. To determine the binding of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine to PLTP, the mixtures of PLTP and the vesicles containing 3H-labeled phosphatidylcholine and 14C-labeled cholesterol were incubated and subjected to sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Determination of the label profiles showed that cholesterol as well as phosphatidylcholine were transferred from the vesicles to PLTP. The reversible nature of the binding was shown by the transfer of labeled cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine bound to PLTP to the acceptor vesicles or low density lipoprotein. Isothermal equilibrium binding of PLTP for cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine showed that PLTP possessed a considerably higher affinity and binding capacity for phosphatidylcholine than for cholesterol. The phosphatidylcholine binding affinity and capacity were greater when PLTP was incubated with phosphatidylcholine vesicles without cholesterol. A possible importance of PLTP-mediated cholesterol transfer in the circulation was described.
Programs for computer simulation of hardwood log sawing. (1980)

Four computer programs were developed at the University of Kentucky as simulation models for investigating factors affecting sawn log value over four hardwood sawing methods: quadrant sawing, cant sawing, decision sawing, and live sawing with rerip for grade. The programs are listed, along with information on the sawing methods, model assumptions, and program organization. (Author)
STUDIES IN DIARYLDIAMINOALKANEDIOLS (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTUDIES IN DIARYLDIAMINOALKANEDIOLSJOSEPH B. NIEDERL and DEVINENI SUBBA RAOCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1949, 14, 1, 27–30Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01153a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01153a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Disruption of Host Location of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with Carbon Dioxide (2004)

Elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) prevented neonate larvae of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, from locating the roots of growing corn in behavioral bioassays conducted in soil tubs. When CO2 was pumped into one end of a soil tub, significantly more larvae were recovered from soil at the treated end than from soil around a growing corn plant at the opposite end of the tub. In controls with ambient air pumped into one end of a soil tub, significantly more larvae were recovered from the soil around the corn plant than from soil on the treated side. Larvae were unable to locate the roots of corn seedlings when CO2-generating materials were mixed into the soil. CO2-concentrations in soil were measured by mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring at m/z 44. Granules composed of baker's yeast, yeast nutrients, and an organic substrate were prepared as a CO2 source and were tested in larger soil tub bioassays. Significantly fewer larvae were recovered from corn roots in the soil tubs with yeast granules than from corn roots in control soil tubs. The CO2-generating granules produced soil CO2 concentrations between 15.8 and 18.5 mmol/mol (compared with 1.7-2.6 mmol/mol in control tubs), and this was sufficient to prevent larvae from locating corn roots. In field trials, organic and inorganic CO2- generating treatments resulted in root ratings that were significantly lower than for the control plants.
High Speed Electromechanical Shutter for Time Resolved Spectroscopy (1964)

Time resolved spectroscopy can be obtained using the ordinary time integrating spectrograph and the very rapid response, high speed electromechanical shutter described in this paper. The interacting magnetic field between parallel wire segments of a small flattened insulated wire set up by a high current surge is used to deliver, by the motion of a wire segment, a very rapid high amplitude impulse to a low mass slotted plate. The resultant high velocity motion of the slotted plate uncovers the spectrographic slit, keeps it open for a calibrated time, and then closes it. The present range of open times used is from 5 0 to 1000 μsec.
Chain Shape Matching for Simulating Complex Hairstyles (2010)

Abstract Animations of hair dynamics greatly enrich the visual attractiveness of human characters. Traditional simulation techniques handle hair as clumps or continuum for efficiency; however, the visual quality is limited because they cannot represent the fine‐scale motion of individual hair strands. Although a recent mass‐spring approach tackled the problem of simulating the dynamics of every strand of hair, it required a complicated setting of springs and suffered from high computational cost. In this paper, we base the animation of hair on such a fine‐scale on Lattice Shape Matching (LSM), which has been successfully used for simulating deformable objects. Our method regards each strand of hair as a chain of particles, and computes geometrically derived forces for the chain based on shape matching. Each chain of particles is simulated as an individual strand of hair. Our method can easily handle complex hairstyles such as curly or afro styles in a numerically stable way. While our method is not physically based, our GPU‐based simulator achieves visually plausible animations consisting of several tens of thousands of hair strands at interactive rates.
T-cell functionality testing is highly relevant to developing novel immuno-tracers monitoring T cells in the context of immunotherapies and revealed CD7 as an attractive target (2018)

Cancer immunotherapy has proven high efficacy in treating diverse cancer entities by immune checkpoint modulation and adoptive T-cell transfer. However, patterns of treatment response differ substantially from conventional therapies, and reliable surrogate markers are missing for early detection of responders versus non-responders. Current imaging techniques using <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emmission-tomograpy (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET) cannot discriminate, at early treatment times, between tumor progression and inflammation. Therefore, direct imaging of T cells at the tumor site represents a highly attractive tool to evaluate effective tumor rejection or evasion. Moreover, such markers may be suitable for theranostic imaging. <b>Methods:</b> We mainly investigated the potential of two novel pan T-cell markers, CD2 and CD7, for T-cell tracking by immuno-PET imaging. Respective antibody- and F(ab´)<sub>2</sub> fragment-based tracers were produced and characterized, focusing on functional <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> T-cell analyses to exclude any impact of T-cell targeting on cell survival and antitumor efficacy. <b>Results:</b> T cells incubated with anti-CD2 and anti-CD7 F(ab´)<sub>2</sub> showed no major modulation of functionality <i>in vitro</i>, and PET imaging provided a distinct and strong signal at the tumor site using the respective zirconium-89-labeled radiotracers. However, while T-cell tracking by anti-CD7 F(ab´)<sub>2</sub> had no long-term impact on T-cell functionality <i>in vivo</i>, anti-CD2 F(ab´)<sub>2</sub> caused severe T-cell depletion and failure of tumor rejection. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study stresses the importance of extended functional T-cell assays for T-cell tracer development in cancer immunotherapy imaging and proposes CD7 as a highly suitable target for T-cell immuno-PET imaging.
Contraction-Induced Fatty Acid Translocase/CD36 Translocation in Rat Cardiac Myocytes Is Mediated Through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling (2003)

Contraction of rat cardiac myocytes induces translocation of fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 and GLUT4 from intracellular stores to the sarcolemma, leading to enhanced rates of long-chain fatty acid (FA) and glucose uptake, respectively. Because intracellular AMP/ATP is elevated in contracting cardiac myocytes, we investigated whether activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP kinase) is involved in contraction-inducible FAT/CD36 translocation. The cell-permeable adenosine analog 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) and the mitochondrial inhibitor oligomycin, similar to 4-Hz electrostimulation, evoked a more than threefold activation of cardiomyocytic AMP kinase. Both AICAR and oligomycin stimulated FA uptake into noncontracting myocytes by 1.4- and 2.0-fold, respectively, but were ineffective in 4 Hz-contracting myocytes. These findings indicate that both agents stimulate FA uptake by a similar mechanism as electrostimulation, involving activation of AMP kinase, as evidenced from phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Furthermore, the stimulating effects of both AICAR and oligomycin were antagonized by blocking FAT/CD36 with sulfo-N-succinimidylpalmitate, but not by inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with wortmannin, indicating the involvement of FAT/CD36, but excluding a role for insulin signaling. Subcellular fractionation showed that oligomycin was able to mobilize intracellularly stored FAT/CD36 to the sarcolemma. We conclude that AMP kinase regulates cardiac FA use through mobilization of FAT/CD36 from a contraction-inducible intracellular storage compartment.
Progress in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (2008)

Significant progress in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research has been made since the completion of the 60-beam, 30-kJUV OMEGA Laser System [Boehly, Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] in 1995. A theory of ignition requirements, applicable to any ICF concept, has been developed. Detailed understanding of laser-plasma coupling, electron thermal transport, and hot-electron preheating has lead to the measurement of neutron-averaged areal densities of ∼200mg∕cm2 in cryogenic target implosions. These correspond to an estimated peak fuel density in excess of 100g∕cm3 and are in good agreement with hydrodynamic simulations. The implosions were performed using an 18-kJ drive pulse designed to put the converging fuel on an adiabat of two. The polar-drive concept will allow direct-drive-ignition research on the National Ignition Facility while it is configured for indirect drive. Advanced ICF ignition concepts—fast ignition [Tabak et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1626 (1994)] and shock ignition [Betti et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 155001 (2007)]—have the potential to significantly reduce ignition driver energies and/or provide higher target gain.
Determination of Total <i>N</i>-Nitroso Compounds by Chemical Denitrosation Using CuCl (2005)

A method for the determination of total N-nitroso compounds (NOC) by chemical denitrosation and subsequent chemiluminescence detection of evolved NO is described. Denitrosation was accomplished with CuCl in HCl at 70 degrees C. The detection limit for N-nitrosoproline (NPRO) was 1 pmol. NO formation from NPRO was linear (R(2) = 0.999) from 4 pmol to 2 nmol. Among the possible interfering compounds tested, only S-nitroso compounds contribute any significant interference. This method had several advantages over other similar methods: (1) A commercially available one-piece reaction vessel and a NO analyzer with software were used. (2) NO release occurred rapidly and was easily measured and quantified. (3) Compared to HBr or HI, CuCl was more convenient to work with and safe. (4) CuCl was suitable for samples in aqueous and most organic solvents. The application of this method to food, personal care products, and human body fluids demonstrates its utility.
Color space selection for JPEG image compression (1995)

The Joint Photographic Experts Group's image compression algorithm has been shown to provide a very efficient and powerful method of compressing images. However, there is little substantive information about which color space should be utilized when implementing the JPEG algorithm. Currently, the JPEG algorithm is set up for use with any three-component color space. The objective of this research is to determine whether or not the color space selected will significantly improve the image compression. The RGB, xYz, YIQ, CIELAB, CIELUV, and CIELAB LCh color spaces were examined and compared. Both numerical measures and psychophysical techniques were used to assess the results. The final resuits indicate that the device space, RGB, is the worst color space to compress images. In comparison, the nonlinear transforms of the device space, CIELAB and CIELUV, are the best color spaces to compress images. The XYZ, YIQ, and CIELAB LCh color spaces resulted in intermediate levels of compression.