gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cementum Specific Components Which Influence Periodontal Connective Tissue Cells (1995)

We have isolated two polypeptides from cementum one of which promotes the growth and the other the attachment of periodontal cells. One polypeptide, the cementum derived growth factor (CGF), was extracted from healthy human and bovine teeth by 1 M CH3COOH and purified by heparin-affinity chromatography and HPLC. The CGF is a 23 kDa polypeptide which is mitogenic to fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. It is active alone, but its activity is highly potentiated by plasma-derived serum or EGF. It induces classical mitogenic signaling events, which include Ca++ mobilization, inositol phosphate hydrolysis, activation of phosphokinase C (PKC) and transcription of cellular protooncogenes c-fos and jun-B. The magnitude and pattern of activation of signaling events and their susceptibility to PKC inhibitors and pertussis toxin indicated that the CGF may be a distinct molecular species. The CAP is a 55 kDa polypeptide which promotes the attachment and spreading of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, bone cells and endothelial cells, but not epithelial cells. Antibodies to CAP immunostain cementum, but not other tissues. Root surfaces bind CAP. The CGF and CAP do not appear to be present in adjacent periodontal structures. Our data show that the CAP and CGF selectively interact with periodontal cell populations and affect their biological activities, and thus may influence the formation and regeneration of periodontal connective tissues.
An efficient algorithm for the video server selection problem (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of video server selection in a distributed video-on-demand system. The objective of the problem is to balance the load among video servers and to minimize the delay for the video requests to be served. In order to achieve this objective, a near optimal assignment algorithm is proposed for video server selection. Empirical study shows that our proposed algorithm is able to achieve good load balancing performance as compared to some landmark algorithms.
Nanoparticle surface polarity influence on the flow behavior of polymer matrix composites (2013)

The influence of three different nanosized titanias with opposite surface polarity and different particle morphology, dispersed in an unsaturated polyester matrix, on the resulting composite flow behavior was investigated systematically. In addition the maximum filler load was estimated by use of established empirical models. It is known from composites containing microsized particles that a surface polarity conversion from a hydrophilic to a more hydrophobic character allows higher solid loads due to a pronounced viscosity reduction. In this work it was derived from viscosity measurements that a large hydrophobic nanoparticle surface area caused a pronounced attractive interaction between the filler and the polymer matrix reducing the maximum accessible filler load in contrast to a similar hydrophilic nanoparticle. For comparison a highly agglomerated hydrophilic nanosized titanium dioxide with very large specific surface area was investigated also, the large agglomerates with particle sizes in the micrometer range allowed higher solid loads in contrast to the both “real” nanosized titania. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:1425–1432, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
<title>Variation and extrema of human interpupillary distance</title> (2004)

Mean interpupillary distance (IPD) is an important and oft-quoted measure in stereoscopic work. However, there is startlingly little agreement on what it should be. Mean IPD has been quoted in the stereoscopic literature as being anything from 58 mm to 70 mm. It is known to vary with respect to age, gender and race. Furthermore, the stereoscopic industry requires information on not just mean IPD, but also its variance and its extrema, because our products need to be able to cope with all possible users, including those with the smallest and largest IPDs. This paper brings together those statistics on IPD which are available. The key results are that mean adult IPD is around 63 mm, the vast majority of adults have IPDs in the range 50-75 mm, the wider range of 45-80 mm is likely to include (almost) all adults, and the minimum IPD for children (down to five years old) is around 40 mm.
Self-Diffusion Driven Ultrafast Detection of ppm-Level Nitroaromatic Pollutants in Aqueous Media Using a Hydrophilic Fluorescent Paper Sensor (2017)

Development of fluorescent film probes for toxic nitroaromatic compound pollutants (NACs) such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in real water samples implies broad applications in environmental and industrial safety control. Despite many recent advances, there are still some difficult challenges facing this area, for example, the restricted sensitivity and long response time caused by hindered and slow diffusion of aqueous NACs samples inside a dense, solid film. Hence, we report herein a robust fluorescent paper sensor with improved sensing abilities, which is prepared by absorbing hydrophilic pyrene-functionalized polymer uniformly into cellulose-based filter papers. Thanks to the numerous oxygen-containing groups grafted on cellulose papers, they allow passive and ultrafast capillary force driving diffusion of aqueous NACs samples into their hydrophilic matrix. Specifically speaking, these paper sensors can offer efficient self-diffusion paths inside the test strips and immediately bring the pyrene fluorophores and NACs quenchers into close proximity. Therefore, the developed paper-based test strips enable both naked-eye detection of low-ppm-level TNT and ultrafast fluorescence quenching with a response time of only a few seconds, which are difficult to be achieved by conventional film probes.
Enabling network based presence aggregation using IMS (2007)

IP multimedia subsystems (IMS) and presence are the biggest buzzwords in the telecom industry today. Almost all major service providers are strategizing and planning roll out of IMS compliant network and value added services, to provide rich user experience. Moving to the hyper connected world, users have to manage multiple identities, corresponding to each connection, spread across multiple networks. Multimedia services are envisioned to be delivered seamlessly across the multiple devices of the same user. Current implementations around Presence agent aggregating presence information have limitations due to user identities spreading across multiple access devices. This limited the power of rich presence and mostly application tends to use presence aggregation around enterprise applications like email, calendars and Instant Messengers. With the advent of IMS technology, we can foresee a world exploring the benefits of presence from different networks, with presence being aggregated at the network rather than presence agents. IMS architecture eases the aggregation of presence from multiple sources and technologies. The access agnostic IMS architecture also promises one unified identity for a user spread across multiple devices and media types and thus making communication user centric. This paper details how IMS architecture can be envisioned to provide network based presence aggregation and demonstrates how the presence aggregation can be used to implement complex new services. It reports how a personpsilas availability across multiple devices and networks can be traced out with a single identity in IMS world and how the IMS network nodes interwork for this scenario.
A Novel Structure On-Chip Spiral Inductors with Gradually Changed Metal Line Width and Space (2006)

A novel inductor layout structure with gradually reduced metal line width and space from outside to inside, which will ameliorate the metal loss issue of RF spiral inductor, is presented. The optimized inductors have shown less eddy-current effect than the conventional designs whose metal line width and space are normally fixed. Based on these kinds of advanced inductors, series resistance R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> could be reduced and at the same time, the quality factor of the inductor (Q) would be increased. The obtained results have corroborated the validity of the proposed method in the experiment, Q factor of a 5.96-nH new designed inductor on high-resistance silicon at 2.40 GHz is 14.23, 1.6% higher than the conventional structure with the same layout size. These novel inductors can be integrated with radio frequency integrated circuit (RF IC's) to gain better performance in RF front end of a wireless communication system
Calcitonin alters behaviour of isolated osteoclasts (1982)

Osteoclasts were incubated on a glass or plastic substrate and the effect of calcitonin (CT) on their behaviour was observed. Before exposure to CT the osteoclasts were actively motile, the cytoplasm advancing behind broad pseudopodial (lamellipodial) processes which showed intense ruffling activity. CT caused cessation of lamellipodial activity within minutes, followed by gradual fragmentation and retraction of lamellipodia. Complete osteoclast quiescence was regularly induced by concentrations of CT above 50 pg/ml, and lesser degrees of quiescence were induced at concentrations down to 10 pg/ml. This quiescent state was reversed on removing CT from the medium, and was abrogated by prior treatment of osteoclasts with trypsin. The quiescent state did not reduce the longevity of the cells in culture, nor did it affect their resistance to removal from glass by trypsin. CT showed no influence on the pseudopodial activity of osteoclasts, peritoneal macrophages or inflammatory giant cells. Osteoclast quiescence seems to be a reversible state induced by the interaction of CT with a trypsin-sensitive CT receptor, present on osteoclasts. The range of concentrations which induce partial osteoclast quiescence are within the physiological range of serum concentrations in man, and this suggests that CT plays a physiological role in the regulation of osteoclasts may help to identify the precursor cell of the osteoclast and may assist investigations into the mechanism of control of osteoclasis.
Japanese encephalitis in north Queensland, Australia, 1998 (1999)

JE virus activity was more widespread in north Queensland in the 1998 wet season than in the three previous wet seasons, but ecological circumstances (e.g., less intensive pig husbandry, fewer mosquitoes) appear to have limited transmission on the mainland. Nucleotide sequencing indicated a common source for the 1995 and 1998 JE viruses. Circumstantial evidence suggests that cyclonic winds carried infected mosquitoes from Papua New Guinea.
Thermal mismatch stress relaxation via lateral epitaxy in selectively grown GaN structures (1999)

A reduction in the dislocation density of 104–105 cm−2 has been achieved via lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) of GaN films selectively grown from stripes etched in SiO2 masks deposited on GaN/AlN/6H–SiC(0001) heterostructures. The magnitudes and distribution of stresses generated in the LEO GaN layer and the SiO2, due primarily to differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion, were modeled using finite element (FE) analysis. These calculations showed that localized compressive stress fields of ≈3 GPa occurred at the edges of the LEO GaN in the vicinity of the GaN/SiO2 interface. Localized compression along the GaN substrate/SiO2 interface and tension along the 〈0001〉 direction were responsible for the change in shape of the SiO2 stripes from rectangular with flat sides to an airfoil shape with curved sides. The FE calculations also revealed that an increase in the width of the LEO GaN regions over the SiO2 or the reduction in the separation between the GaN stripes (all other dimensions being fixed) resulted in a slight reduction in the compressive stresses along the LEO GaN/SiO2 interface and an increase in the compressive stress along [0001]. An increase in the shear stress, at the corners of the LEO GaN near the LEO GaN/SiO2 interface, with an increase in the width of the LEO GaN region were also indicated.
Evidence for Multiple Alleles at the DGAT1 Locus Better Explains a Quantitative Trait Locus With Major Effect on Milk Fat Content in Cattle (2004)

A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for milk fat percentage has been mapped consistently to the centromeric region of bovine chromosome 14 (BTA14). Two independent studies have identified the nonconservative mutation K232A in the acylCoA-diacylglycerol-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene as likely to be causal for the observed variation. Here we provide evidence for additional genetic variability at the same QTL that is associated with milk fat percentage variation within the German Holstein population. Namely, we show that alleles of the DGAT1 promoter derived from the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism are associated with milk fat content in animals homozygous for the allele 232A at DGAT1. Our results present another example for more than two trait-associated alleles being involved in a major gene effect on a quantitative trait. The segregation of multiple alleles affecting milk production traits at the QTL on BTA14 has to be considered whenever marker-assisted selection programs are implemented in dairy cattle. Due to the presence of a potential transcription factor binding site in the 18mer element of the VNTR, the variation in the number of tandem repeats of the 18mer element might be causal for the variability in the transcription level of the DGAT1 gene.
6-( <i>p</i> -Hydroxyphenylazo)-uracil: A Selective Inhibitor of Host DNA Replication in Phage-Infected <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (1970)

The azopyrimidine, 6-(p-hydroxyphenylazo)-uracil, inhibits the replication of bacterial DNA selectively, completely, and reversibly, and has no apparent effects on the metabolism of other cellular macromolecules thus far examined. The mechanism of its action has been investigated in uninfected and phage-infected Bacillus subtilis, and the compound appears to be specific for a host function. In cells infected with virulent phage the synthesis of phage DNA proceeds normally, while residual host DNA synthesis is completely blocked. The drug-sensitive host site retains its sensitivity even after partial disruption of the cell by lysozyme treatment.
Computer simulations of a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine (2005)

Ricardo WAVE was used to simulate the hydrogen internal combustion engine used in Texas Tech University’s FutureTruck Ford Explorer. Initially, a naturally aspirated gasoline engine was simulated, followed by the supercharged hydrogen engine. The objective of these simulations was to maximize power of the hydrogen engine, while minimizing the emissions and fuel consumption. Among the variables which were changed, were the equivalence ratio, compression ratio, throttle opening, camshaft timing, and exhaust size. The simulation results studied included the volumetric efficiency, fuel consumption, as well as NO emissions. Several results were compared to the gasoline baseline model.
In vitro mutagenesis and functional expression in<i>Escherichia coli</i>of a cDNA encoding the catalytic domain of human DNA ligase I (1991)

Human cDNAs encoding fragments of DNA ligase I, the major replicative DNA ligase in mammalian cells, have been expressed as lacZ fusion proteins in Escherichia coli. A cDNA encoding the carboxyl-terminal catalytic domain of human DNA ligase I was able to complement a conditional-lethal DNA ligase mutation in E. coli as measured by growth of the mutant strain at the non-permissive temperature. Targeted deletions of the amino and carboxyl termini of the catalytic domain identified a minimum size necessary for catalytic function and a maximum size for optimal complementing activity in E. coli. The human cDNA was subjected to systematic site-directed mutagenesis in vitro and mutant polypeptides assayed for functional expression in the E. coli DNA ligase mutant. Such functional analysis of the active site of DNA ligase I identified specific residues required for the formation of an enzyme-adenylate reaction intermediate.
Primate Sense of Taste: Behavioral and Single Chorda Tympani and Glossopharyngeal Nerve Fiber Recordings in the Rhesus Monkey, <i>Macaca mulatta</i> (1997)

The responses of 51 chorda tympani proper (CT) and 33 glossopharyngeal (NG) neural taste units from the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) were recorded during stimulation of either the anterior (CT) or posterior (NG) part of the tongue with 26 stimuli that taste salty, umami, sour, bitter, and sweet to humans. In the CT, hierarchical cluster analysis separated four major clusters. The N and S clusters were most populous, followed by the H cluster and a small Q cluster. NaCl, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and MSG with guanosine 5'-monophosphate were the best stimuli in the N cluster. Amiloride suppressed responses to NaCl. KCl did not stimulate fibers from this cluster. S cluster fibers were characterized by strong responses to all sweeteners. The H cluster responded best to acids but also to some of the sweeteners such as xylitol, fructose, and sucrose. Q fibers responded well to quinine hydrochloride (QHCl) and caffeine, but not to denatonium benzoate. In the NG, hierarchical cluster analysis separated three major clusters. Q fibers formed the largest cluster. QHCl, caffeine, and sucrose octa-acetate but not denatonium benzoate elicited very strong responses in these fibers. S fibers formed a second cluster. Although most of the sweeteners stimulated the S fibers, their responses were not so pronounced as in CT S fibers. The small M cluster was formed by fibers that responded best to MSG. They also responded to NaCl and acids. Two bottle preference tests showed a positive relationship between a sweetener's ability to stimulate the taste fibers and the animals' consumption. Thus the most-liked sweeteners stimulated the S cluster fibers of CT best, whereas less-liked sweeteners such as D-phenylalanine elicited a response in Q fibers and sodium cyclamate stimulated N fibers. The results show that both CT and NG taste fibers of M. mulatta group according to the human concepts of taste qualities.
Resource management in home automation systems (2010)

This paper deals with the problem of resource management in home automation systems. Since system resources, like electricity and gas, are limited, their concurrent use may cause conflicts that degrade the performances of individual appliances and increase costs or time for accomplishing individual tasks. The general strategy to solve these conflicts consists in determining an order of priority in accessing a given resource when the available amount cannot satisfy the global actual demand. A side effect of this strategy is a loss of efficiency in terms of delays in executing the assigned task, occurring when an appliance must yield and wait until the resource is free. This gives rise to an optimization problem that consists in choosing the best strategy for allocating material resources, respecting constraints and limitations, while minimizing the time required for completing all the tasks in a generic scenario. Either centralized or decentralized control strategies can be employed in this application, using quite different architectures, for managing resources. Here, we propose two control strategies, a centralized one and a decentralized one, which are based, respectively, on game theoretic methods and on off-line optimization by means of genetic algorithms. Performances are compared with respect to generic scenarios and advantages and drawbacks of each one are discussed.
The Honeywell on-board diagnostic and maintenance system for the Boeing 777 (2003)

Avionics have exhibited a phenomenal increase in complexity over the past twenty years. This increase in complexity has brought with it the unfortunate side effect of a significant increase in difficulty of diagnosing the real reasons for a multitude of raw symptoms originating from these complex subsystems. The integrated Avionics Architecture for the Boeing 777 is being designed with an unprecedented attention to fault detection and isolation capability to address this problem. A key element in this effort is an On-Board Diagnostic and Maintenance System (OMS) that integrates two diagnostic subsystems into the Airplane Information Management System (AIMS) cabinets: a Central Maintenance Function (CMF) and an Airplane Condition Monitoring Function (ACMF). The CMF diagnoses faults responsible for flight deck effects that are logged by the crew and facilitates rapid turn-around of the airplane at the gate. The ACMF captures parameters based on predefined trigger conditions for long-term analysis of trends in aircraft systems and the flight crew. It is noted that the OMS constitutes a major evolution of diagnostic systems directed at reducing the operating costs for the airlines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Shift from Rh‐positive to Rh‐negative phenotype caused by a somatic mutation within the <i>RHD</i> gene in a patient with chronic myelocytic leukaemia (1998)

We report a female patient whose Rh phenotype shifted from RhD-positive to RhD-negative over a 3-year period (1991-94), during which time she was treated with mastectomy (1992) and local irradiation for a low-grade recurrent breast cancer. She was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukaemia in 1994, and has since then received chemotherapy. The patient was repeatedly typed as O, RhD-positive between 1965 and 1991 and was repeatedly found RhD-negative after 1994. Bcr-Abl transcripts typical of Ph1 chromosome were detected. Molecular analysis indicated that the patient was heterozygous at the RH locus, carrying one haplotype in which the RHD gene exhibited a single nucleotide deletion (G600) resulting in a frameshift and premature stop codon, and a normal RHCE gene (allele Ce). The second haplotype contained only the RHCE gene (allele ce) and was normal. Further analysis carried out on total leucocytes, purified neutrophils, EBV-lymphoblastoid cell line and cultured erythroblasts indicated that the G600 deletion was restricted to the myeloid lineage. No modification of other blood group antigens could be detected. These findings suggest a somatic mutation which most probably occurred in a stem cell common to the myeloid lineage.
Dynamic sag correctors: cost-effective industrial power line conditioning (2001)

Voltage sags, transients, and momentary interruption of power together constitute 92% of the power quality problems encountered by typical industrial customers. The series-parallel-connected dynamic sag corrector (DySC) provides statistically significant protection at greatly reduced cost. The DySC is rated from 1.5 kVA one phase to 2000 kVA three phase and features a patented single-stage power conversion circuit with minimal stored energy. A unique circuit allows operation with an opened upstream circuit breaker. This paper presents a detailed discussion of DySC operating principles and validation of performance. It also provides conditions under which this new category of product can be applied.
The Agreement Hierarchy and Grammatical Theory (1991)

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 30-40