gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 1500 fps Highly Sensitive 256$\,\times\,$256 CMOS Imaging Sensor With In-Pixel Calibration (2012)

High-speed CMOS imaging sensors (CIS) normally have low sensitivity because of the large integration capacitance. They also have high noise because pixel circuits cannot implement correlated double sampling (CDS) to remove the pixel reset noise. For applications, such as micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), this is a major limitation. In this work, we developed a technique to achieve high sensitivity and low noise for high-speed CIS. To maximize the sensitivity, we designed a new capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) pixel with a tiny metal-oxide-metal capacitor. The pixel circuit also implements CDS. As a result, the temporal noise is greatly reduced, and the sensitivity improves dramatically. To compensate the mismatch of small integration capacitors across the pixel array, an on-chip calibration scheme with in-pixel circuits is developed. Fully differential column circuits are designed to suppress the power supply injection in the large array of high-speed column circuits. A successive-approximation analog-to-digital (SAR ADC) is designed to achieve 10-bit resolution and to fit in the 15-μm column pitch. For testing modes, column circuits are configured into a two-step ADC to provide 13-bit dynamic range. The 256 × 256 CIS design is fabricated in a 0.18-μm CMOS process. The imager samples up to 1500 fps. The pixel integration capacitor is 0.7 fF, which enables 68.5 V/lux · s sensitivity under the white illumination. The CIS temporal noise is 13.6e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> . This sensitivity and noise performances are much better than previous high-speed CIS benchmark designs. Running at 1500 fps, the CIS can capture recognizable images with illumination down to 1 lux. The on-chip calibration suppresses the fixed-pattern noise lower than 0.52%. The prototype chip consumes 390 mW of power.
A novel architecture for supporting vehicular communication (2003)

In today's world, traffic safety is a major problem. Traffic accidents result in more than half a million casualties each year and are associated with serious injuries and extensive material losses. Therefore, special attention is given to those technologies that can reduce the number and severity of road events. Inter-vehicle communication (IVC) and vehicle to road communication (VRC) are considered to have extensive potential for the development of efficient safety systems installed in vehicles. This paper proposes a novel, safety-oriented communication platform dedicated to supporting the exchange of safety-relevant information between traffic participants. The vehicular communication platform (VCP) aims to support a specific vehicular communication mechanism previously designed by the authors and briefly presented in the paper.
Synthetic Hydrogel Guidance Channels Facilitate Regeneration of Adult Rat Brainstem Motor Axons after Complete Spinal Cord Transection (2004)

Synthetic guidance channels or tubes have been shown to promote axonal regeneration within the spinal cord from brainstem motor nuclei with the inclusion of agents such as matrices, cells, or growth factors to the tube. We examined the biocompatibility and regenerative capacity of synthetic hydrogel tubular devices that were composed of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (PHEMA-MMA). Two PHEMA-MMA channels, having a mean elastic modulus of either 177 or 311 kPa were implanted into T8-transected spinal cords of adult Sprague Dawley rats. The cord stumps were inserted into the channels and fibrin glue was applied to the cord-channel interface. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane was used for duraplasty. Controls underwent cord transection alone. Gross and microscopic examination of the spinal cords showed continuity of tissue within the synthetic guidance channels between the cord stumps at 4 and 8 weeks. There was a trend towards an increased area and width of bridging neural tissue in the 311-kPa guidance channels compared to the 177-kPa channels. Neurofilament stained axons were visualized within the bridging tissue, and serotonergic axons were found to enter the 311-kPa channel. Retrograde axonal tracing revealed regeneration of axons from reticular, vestibular, and raphe brainstem motor nuclei. For both channels, there was minimal scarring at the channel-cord interface, and less scarring at the channel-dura interface compared to that observed next to the ePTFE. The present study is the first to show that axons from brainstem motor nuclei regenerated in unfilled synthetic hydrogel guidance channels after complete spinal cord transection.
Positron Emission Tomography in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Prediction of Response to Chemotherapy by Quantitative Assessment of Glucose Use (2003)

In NSCLC, reduction of metabolic activity after one cycle of chemotherapy is closely correlated with final outcome of therapy. Using metabolic response as an end point may shorten the duration of phase II studies evaluating new cytotoxic drugs and may decrease the morbidity and costs of therapy in nonresponding patients.
Energy-aware routing based on power profile of devices in data center networks using SDN (2015)

ICT is currently responsible for 4% of the EU's carbon emission. In this industry, data centers are growing quickly to supply the escalating services and application demands. The design of high performance and energy-efficient data center networks is an important issue while still being confronted with many challenges such as scalability, reliability, etc. On the other hand, the network devices' difference in power consumption as well as property make the researching process more difficult to construct a routing algorithm that effectively works with various devices. This paper presents a novel energy-saving scheme that can flexibly control and route traffic relying on the difference of network devices' energy-profile. By using Open Flow mechanism and Net-FPGA cards based on Software Defined Networks, we successfully deploy energy-aware data center network, and its experimental results show that the novel scheme improves the power saving level and energy-efficiently works based on the switches' energy-profile.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Trihaloallyl and Trihaloacryl Derivatives (1984)

Etude de 40 de ces composes. La presence d'iode est importante pour l'activite antifongique
Fabrication process for 256 x 256 bolometer-type uncooled infrared detector (1997)

A process for fabricating a monolithic 256 X 256 bolometer-type uncooled IR detector array is presented that utilizes surface micromachining technology. Each pixel of the device is composed of two parts, a silicon readout integrated circuit in the lower part and suspended microbridge structures in the upper part. The device is based on vanadium oxide bolometer films, which typically exhibit a temperature coefficient of resistance of -2 percent K. The vanadium oxide film is subject to damage, especially during wet etching of the sacrificial layer. Hence, the material and deposition process of the passivation layer for vanadium oxide film were investigated toward attaining a damage-free and flat microbridge structure. This was achieved by adjusting both the thickness of the passivation layer and the stresses in the electrode and passivation layers. The stiction problem of the microbridge structure was solved, by investigating drying conditions after etching of the sacrificial layer. Since each pixel has a cavity structure of (lambda) /4 to absorb IR radiation of the wavelength (lambda) , the spectral response of the pixel was measured in the wavelength range of 2 to 12 micrometers . The interference characteristics can clearly be seen. From responsivity measurements both in vacuum and at one atmosphere, the thermal time constant, thermal mass, and thermal conductance were estimated.
Human Fibrinogen for Maintenance and Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Two Dimensions and Three Dimensions (2019)

Human fibrin hydrogels are a popular choice for use as a biomaterial within tissue engineered constructs because they are biocompatible, nonxenogenic, autologous use compatible, and biodegradable. We have recently demonstrated the ability to culture induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal pigment epithelium on fibrin hydrogels. However, iPSCs themselves have relatively few substrate options (e.g., laminin) for expansion in adherent cell culture for use in cell therapy. To address this, we investigated the potential of culturing iPSCs on fibrin hydrogels for three-dimensional applications and further examined the use of fibrinogen, the soluble precursor protein, as a coating substrate for traditional adherent cell culture. iPSCs successfully adhered to and proliferated on fibrin hydrogels. The two-dimensional culture with fibrinogen allows for immediate adaption of culture models to a nonxenogeneic model. Similarly, multiple commercially available iPSC lines adhered to and proliferated on fibrinogen coated surfaces. iPSCs cultured on fibrinogen expressed similar levels of the pluripotent stem cell markers SSea4 (98.7% ± 1.8%), Oct3/4 (97.3% ± 3.8%), TRA1-60 (92.2% ± 5.3%), and NANOG (96.0% ± 3.9%) compared with iPSCs on Geltrex. Using a trilineage differentiation assay, we found no difference in the ability of iPSCs grown on fibrinogen or Geltrex to differentiate to endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm. Finally, we demonstrated the ability to differentiate iPSCs to endothelial cells using only fibrinogen coated plates. On the basis of these data, we conclude that human fibrinogen provides a readily available and inexpensive alternative to laminin-based products for the growth, expansion, and differentiation of iPSCs for use in research and clinical cell therapy applications. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:512-521.
Fuzzy Structural Dependency Constraints in Software Release Planning (2005)

Incremental software development is becoming an important tendency in software engineering. A software release is a collection of new and/or changed features that form a new product. Release planning for incremental software development assigns features to sequence of releases in the most beneficial way within the resources available. Release planning is a complex problem where most of the data available are usually uncertain. In this paper, we propose an approach that improves on existing methods for release planning by handling the uncertainty of data using fuzzy logic. We use fuzzy logic to model the uncertainty concerning the identification of structural dependency constraints between requirements. All the concepts and the complete approach are illustrated by a case study example
Cholinergic modulation of nociceptive responses in vivo and neuropeptide release in vitro at the level of the primary sensory neuron (2003)

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have been widely reported as pharmacological targets for the treatment of pain. However, most of these efforts have focused on CNS mAChRs and their role in modulating nociception at the level of the spinal cord. The present study examines the contribution of peripheral mAChRs in trigeminal nociceptive pathways using a combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches. In the formalin model of orofacial nociception in rats, a peri-oral co-injection of the M2 agonist arecaidine dose-dependently inhibited phase 2 nocifensive behavior up to approximately 50% at 5 nmol. This effect was blocked by co-treatment with the mAChR antagonist atropine and was not seen when arecaidine was administered under the skin of the back, a site distant from that of the formalin injection. In vitro superfusion of isolated rat buccal mucosa with the non-selective mAChR agonist muscarine or arecaidine led to a concentration-dependent inhibition of capsaicin-evoked CGRP release to 39% (EC50=255 nM) and 28% (EC50=847 nM) of control values, respectively. Both responses were blocked by the non-selective mAChR antagonist atropine or the M2 antagonist gallamine. Further, the endogenous ligand ACh produced a bi-phasic response, potentiating evoked CGRP release to 195% of control (EC50= 918nM) and inhibiting evoked CGRP release to 45% of control (EC50=255 microM), effects that were shown to be mediated by nAChRs and mAChRs, respectively. Finally, combined in situ hybridization/immunofluorescence demonstrated that m2 mRNA was present in 20% of trigeminal ganglion neurons between 30 and 60 microm in diameter and that 5-9% of these also expressed CGRP or VR1 immunoreactivity. These results show that activation of peripheral M2 receptors produces antinociception in vivo and the inhibition of nociceptor activity in vitro. While histological analyses at the level of the trigeminal neuronal cell bodies leave open the question of whether the effects of M2 agonists are direct or indirect, these data indicate that primary sensory neuronal M2 receptors may represent a viable peripheral target for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
Technological considerations in the forging of superalloy rotor parts (1977)

AbstractAbstractRe-evaluation of existing alloy systems is shown to have taken place concurrently with a decline in the development of new wrought superalloys. As a result of the various factors that determine the nature of the mechanical properties the concept of controlling the microstructure to improve specific properties has been introduced. The effects of thermomechanical processing on structural and mechanical properties are reviewed using examples selected from Waspaloy, 901; A-286, 718, and Astroloy. A review is made of the influence of grain size, grain-boundary conditions, and matrix structure on selected properties, including low-cycle fatigue, rupture ductility, tensile characteristics, and notch sensitivity. Isothermal forging and hot isostatic pressing are briefly mentioned, and some speculations made on future developments.
Inhibition of NF-κB Activity in T and NK Cells Results in Defective Effector Cell Expansion and Production of IFN-γ Required for Resistance to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (2003)

To define the role of NF-kappa B in the development of T cell responses required for resistance to Toxoplasma gondii, mice in which T cells are transgenic for a degradation-resistant (Delta N) form of I kappa B alpha, an inhibitor of NF-kappa B, were challenged with T. gondii and their response to infection compared with control mice. I kappa B alpha(Delta N)-transgenic (Tg) mice succumbed to T. gondii infection between days 12 and 35, and death was associated with an increased parasite burden compared with wild-type (Wt) controls. Analysis of the responses of infected mice revealed that IL-12 responses were comparable between strains, but Tg mice had a marked reduction in systemic levels of IFN-gamma, the major mediator of resistance to T. gondii. In addition, the infection-induced increase in NK cell activity observed in Wt mice was absent from Tg mice and this correlated with NK cell expression of the transgene. Infection-induced activation of CD4(+) T cells was similar in Wt and Tg mice, but expansion of activated CD4(+)T cells was markedly reduced in the Tg mice. This difference in T cell numbers correlated with a reduced capacity of these cells to proliferate after stimulation and was associated with a major defect in the ability of CD4(+) T cells from infected mice to produce IFN-gamma. Together, these studies reveal that inhibition of NF-kappa B activity in T and NK cells results in defective effector cell expansion and production of IFN-gamma required for resistance to T. gondii.
Microdeletions in the Y Chromosome of Infertile Men (1997)

A small proportion of men with infertility have Y-chromosome microdeletions, but the size and position of the deletions correlate poorly with the severity of spermatogenic failure, and a deletion does not preclude the presence of viable sperm and possible conception.
Computation of Optimal Profiles in Descent and Approach Phases (2020)

The continued increase of air traffic, which doubles every 15 years, produces large economic benefits but poses environmental issues that put at risk the sustainable development of air transport. Other factors such as jet fuel prices volatility, the introduction of new environmental regulations and intense competition in the airline industry, have stimulated in the last years research on trajectory optimization and flight efficiency topics. The Flight Management System (FMS) is an onboard avionic system, standard in all transport aircraft, which is used by flight crews to manage the lateral and vertical flight-plan. Since current avionic systems are limited in terms of computational capacity, the computations performed by their algorithms are usually done on the basis of conservative hypotheses. Thus, notorious deviations may occur between FMS computations and the actual flight profile flown by the aircraft. The goal of this thesis is to develop an onboard function, which could be integrated in future Airbus cockpits, that computes optimal trajectories, readjusts the flight strategy according to the dynamic aircraft condition and minimizes operating costs. Flight energy management principles has been used for optimizing aircraft trajectories in descent and approach phases with respect to fuel consumption, greenhouse gas and noise emissions. The proposed function has been developed on the basis of dynamic programming techniques, in particular the A* algorithm. The algorithm minimizes a certain objective function by generating incrementally the search space. The exploration of the search space gives the optimal profile that links the aircraft current position to the runway threshold, independently of the current flight mode and aircraft energy condition. Results show 13% fuel savings and a decrease of 12% in gas emissions compared with a best-in-class FMS. Furthermore, the algorithm proposes the flight strategy to dissipate the excess of energy in situations where aircraft fly too high and/or too fast close to the destination runway. A preliminary operational evaluation of the computed trajectories has been conducted in the flight simulators. These tests demonstrate that the computed trajectories can be tracked with current guidance modes, although new modes should be required to decrease the workload of flight crews. In conclusion, this paper constitutes a solid background for the generation of real-time optimal trajectories in light of the automation of descent and approach flight phases.
A mucin-like glycoprotein identified by MAG (mouse ascites Golgi) antibodies. Menstrual cycle-dependent localization in human endometrium. (1995)

Human endometrial glands synthesize and secrete a high molecular weight mucin-like glycoprotein in a menstrual cycle-dependent fashion. A novel moiety within this Golgi-associated glycoprotein is strongly reactive with IgG antibodies in numerous murine ascites, and has been termed MAG (mouse ascites Golgi). Immunohistochemical staining of 201 endometrial biopsies revealed the following patterns: MAG first appeared in the Golgi on cycle day 5, peaked on day 15, was present on the surface of the luminal epithelium between days 17 and 19, and was no longer detectable after day 19. MAG was also present in cervical, prostate, seminal vesicle, and lacrimal glands, pancreatic acinar cells, gall bladder and bile duct epithelium, and certain cells of the salivary and sweat glands. Interestingly, only tissues from blood group A individuals exhibited this staining. As a common link among all these cell types is the expression of mucins, we speculated that the MAG epitope could be a mucin-associated blood group A-related epitope. This hypothesis was tested by absorption experiments with a variety of glycoconjugates and erythrocytes and by immunoblots of MAG-rich material. The absorption studies demonstrated that only type III porcine mucin (< 1% sialic acid) and blood type A or AB erythrocytes were able to absorb the anti-MAG antibody. Inasmuch as N-acetyl-galactosamine alone, the terminal blood group A carbohydrate, did not block MAG antibody binding, the MAG epitope appears to involve N-acetylgalactosamine plus other determinants. Immunoblots of endometrial extracts and saliva from blood type A individuals revealed MAG-reactive material with a molecular weight > 200 kd under reducing conditions. Because the MAG epitope appears on the endometrial surface during the purported implantation window, we speculate that mucin-like epitopes could play a role in the earliest apposition phases of conceptus-endometrial interaction.
More Sew-It-Yourself Home Decor: Over 50 Easy-to-Make Designs for Beds, Chairs, Tables and Windows (2005)

The companion to the very popular Sew-It-Yourself Home Decor presents simple, step-by-step instructions and lists of tools and materials for creating more than 50 home decor projects for every room in the house. Color photos & illustrations.
Anthropological impressions of Koach: Participant observations (1992)

Abstract The Koach Project was conceived by the Department of Mental Health of the Israel Defense Forces to find a means to improve treatment for chronic battle related PTSD. Having described the rationale and method for the project ( Solomon et al., 1991) the ethnography of the residential stage is introduced and analyzed from an anthropological perspective.
A Switchless, $Q$-Band Bidirectional Transceiver in 0.12-$\mu$m SiGe BiCMOS Technology (2011)

A fully-integrated <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -band (40-45 GHz) bidirectional transceiver is demonstrated in a 0.12-μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The RF front-end design eliminates the need for transmit/receive switches by demonstrating a novel PA/LNA circuit. The transceiver has a transmit conversion gain of 35 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth of 4 GHz. The OP1dB is 8.5 dBm and Psat is 9.5 dBm. The transceiver has a receive conversion gain of 34 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth of 3 GHz. The noise figure is 4.7 dB and OP1dB is - 5 dBm at 43 GHz. The chip consumes 119.4 mW when transmitting and 54 mW when receiving, and overall chip size is 1.6 mm × 0.8 mm including pads. To the author's knowledge, this work represents the first switchless millimeter-wave bidirectional transceiver in a CMOS or BiCMOS process.
Development of a Defined Medium for Growth of <i>Cercospora rosicola</i> Passerini (1981)

A simple synthetic liquid medium containing a single amino acid, glucose, salts, trace metals, and thiamine was developed for cultivation of Cercospora rosicola Passerini. Thiamine was shown to be important to growth. Culture of C. rosicola Passerini in a chemically defined medium makes possible studies of (+)-abscisic acid biosynthesis and regulation.