gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient respiratory gating in coronary MR employing non-rigid retrospective motion correction (2010)

Introduction Three-dimensional whole heart imaging becomes the method of choice in cardiac applications [1] as it avoids extensive planning of imaging slices and allows reconstructing arbitrary slice orientations. The drawback is a relatively long scan time on the order of several minutes which requires motion compensation to suppress motion artifacts. Prospective techniques such as respiratory navigator based gating or triggering including slice tracking is often used. Recently, retrospective approaches were successfully implemented by extending the image encoding matrix with motion operators and solving the system iteratively [2-4]. This allows for increased gating windows or even continuous scanning across the entire breathing cycle but necessitates detailed information of the underlying motion vector field at each acquisition.
Treatment of murine collagen-induced arthritis by ex vivo extracellular superoxide dismutase gene transfer (2001)

These results indicate that EC-SOD gene transfer may be an effective form of therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Improving Focus and Context Awareness in Interactive Visualization of Time Lines (2010)

This paper presents an analysis and empirical evaluation of techniques developed to support focus and context awareness in tasks involving visualization of time lines. It focuses on time lines that display discrete events and their temporal relationships. The most common form of representation for such time lines is the Gantt chart. Although ubiquitous in event visualization and project planning applications, Gantt charts are inherently space-consuming, and suffer from shortcomings in providing focus and context awareness when a large number of tasks and events needs to be displayed. In an attempt to address this problem, we implemented and adapted a number of focus and context awareness techniques for an interactive task scheduling system in combination with the standard Gantt chart and an alternative space-filling mosaic approach to time line visualization. A controlled user trial compared user performance at interpreting representations of hierarchical task scheduling, assessing different methods across various conditions resulting from interactive explorations of the Gantt and the mosaic interfaces. Results suggested a number of possible improvements to these interactive visualization techniques. The implementation of some of these improvements is also presented and discussed.
Macrophage Stimulating Protein Enhances Hepatic Inflammation in a NASH Model (2016)

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common liver disease characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation (steatosis) and inflammation. Currently, therapeutic options are poor and the long-term burden to society is constantly increasing. Previously, macrophage stimulating protein (MSP)-a serum protein mainly secreted by liver-was shown to inhibit oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL)/lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation in mouse macrophages. Additionally, MSP could reduce palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation and lipogenesis in the HepG2 cell line. Altogether, these data suggest MSP as a suppressor for metabolic inflammation. However, so far the potential of MSP to be used as a treatment for NASH was not investigated. We hypothesized that MSP reduces lipid accumulation and hepatic inflammation. To investigate the effects of MSP in the early stage of NASH, low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr-/-) mice were fed either a regular chow or a high fat, high cholesterol (HFC) diet for 7 days. Recombinant MSP or saline (control) was administrated to the mice by utilizing subcutaneously-implanted osmotic mini-pumps for the last 4 days. As expected, mice fed an HFC diet showed increased plasma and hepatic lipid accumulation, as well as enhanced hepatic inflammation, compared with chow-fed controls. Upon MSP administration, the rise in cholesterol and triglyceride levels after an HFC diet remained unaltered. Surprisingly, while hepatic macrophage and neutrophil infiltration was similar between the groups, MSP-treated mice showed increased gene expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic mediators in the liver, compared with saline-treated controls. Contrary to our expectations, MSP did not ameliorate NASH. Observed changes in inflammatory gene expression suggest that further research is needed to clarify the long-term effects of MSP.
Efficient musical noise suppression for speech enhancement system (2009)

Noise reduction techniques that are relying on spectral weighting rules often generate annoying musical noise artifacts in the processed signal. In this paper, we present a postfilter (PF) for the spectral weighting gains that is capable of reducing musical noise in a simple but efficient way. It includes a robust detector for speech pauses and low SNR conditions and adaptively smoothes the weighting gains over frequency based on soft-decisions. Objective and subjective measurements show consistent improvements if the postfilter is applied to conventional noise reduction techniques.
Synthesis of [RuCl2(dppb)(PPh3)] and Identification of the cis- and trans-[RuCl2(dppb)(phen)] Geometrical Isomers via 31P{1H} NMR Spectroscopy. An Undergraduate Experiment for Inorganic Chemistry (2001)

A 31P{1H} NMR experiment for undergraduate students is presented involving the conversion of trans-[RuCl2(dppb)(phen)] to cis-[RuCl2(dppb)(phen)] (dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). This experiment (i) demonstrates the use of 31P{1H} NMR to distinguish between cis and trans geometric isomers of coordination compounds in solution, (ii) describes the concept of spin-spin coupling for P atoms by assigning signals to equivalent and nonequivalent P atoms, and (iii) offers an introduction to synthesis and in situ NMR work requiring semirigorous, inert-atmosphere conditions. The experiment can be accommodated in about four hours of laboratory time.
An Efficient Synthesis of Fused 3-Formylpyridines and 5-Formylpyrimidines (2010)

Cyclization of 2-dimethylaminomethylene-1,3-bis(di­methylimonio)propane diperchlorate with various amino heterocycles led to the formation of a series of fused heterocyclic systems containing a 3-formylpyridine or 5-formylpyrimidine unit.
Integrated Current-Mode DC-DC Buck Converter with Low-Power Control Circuit (2013)

A low power CMOS control circuit is applied in an integrated DC-DC buck converter. The integrated converter is composed of a feedback control circuit and power block with 0.35 <TEX>${\mu}m$</TEX> CMOS process. A current-sensing circuit is integrated with the sense-FET method in the control circuit. In the current-sensing circuit, a current-mirror is used for a voltage follower in order to reduce power consumption with a smaller chip-size. The N-channel MOS acts as a switching device in the current-sensing circuit where the sensing FET is in parallel with the power MOSFET. The amplifier and comparator are designed to obtain a high gain and a fast transient time. The converter offers well-controlled output and accurately sensed inductor current. Simulation work shows that the current-sensing circuit is operated with an accuracy of higher than 90% and the transient time of the error amplifier is controlled within <TEX>$75{\mu}sec$</TEX>. The sensing current is in the range of a few hundred <TEX>${\mu}A$</TEX> at a frequency of 0.6~2 MHz and an input voltage of 3~5 V. The output voltage is obtained as expected with the ripple ratio within 1%.
Gamma imaging with negatively charge-modified monoclonal antibody: modification with synthetic polymers. (1991)

Antimyosin Fab has been modified to carry highly negatively charged synthetic polymers containing DTPAs (DTPA-PL) as chelating agents, of starting molecular weights 3.3 and 17 kD. The immunoreactivities of the modified antibodies were unaffected by the modification procedure. The isoelectric points (PI) of unmodified antimyosin (AM) Fab (PI range 7-9, Mr = 52kD) were changed to PIs predominantly between 4 and 5 (Mr = 59 kD for DTPA-PL3.3kD-AM-Fab and 67kD for DTPA-PL17kD-AM-Fab). These AM-Fab preparations were tested for specific target localization and visualization in vivo in an experimental canine model of acute myocardial infarction. The charge-modified 111In-labeled AM-Fab preparations showed enhanced target (necrotic myocardium) visualization within 30 min of intravenous infusion and decreased background activity in normal myocardium (mean %ID/g +/- s.e.m., 0.0076 +/- 0.0006, n = 164, and 0.0056 +/- 0.0004, n = 92, for 111In-DTPA-PL3.3kD- and DTPA-PL17kD-AM-Fab respectively) relative to conventional 111In-DTPA-AM-Fab (0.0263 +/- 0.0037, n = 135) (p less than 0.001) or radioiodinated AM-Fab (0.0098 +/- 0.0006, n = 256) (p less than or equal to 0.001). Furthermore, the concentration of negatively charged 111In-labeled antimyosin Fab decreased in non-target organs such as the liver and kidneys. In diagnostic and therapeutic applications, charge-modified macromolecules may improve target localization and reduce non-target organ activity.
The Apple Trumpet Leafminer (1923)

The trumpet apple leafminer, Tischeria malifoliella Clem., is a small moth, the larva of which constructs a mine or cell beneath the upper epidermis of the leaf. The characteristic trumpet-shaped appearance of the larval mine has given this insect its common name.\nIt feeds upon different species of Malus, including all varieties of apple, and also Crataegus or wild haw, and with its increase as a pest becomes a serious menace to profitable apple production. In severe cases of infestation, the leaf may support as many as 68 larvae, the feeding tunnels of which combine in one large irregular blotch mine involving and killing a large portion of the leaf or even the entire leaf. Defoliation may then result, followed by premature, undersized fruit and a lessened vitality of the tree.
45.2Tb/s C-band WDM transmission over 240km using 538Gb/s PDM-64QAM single carrier FDM signal with digital pilot tone (2011)

We demonstrate 45.2Tb/s 50-GHz-spaced WDM transmission over 240km (3 × 80km) in C-band using 538 Gb/s PDM-64QAM single-carrier frequency-division-multiplexed (SC-FDM) signal with digital pilot tone. Nonlinear tolerance is enhanced at spectral efficiency of 10b/s/Hz.
Production of Uniform-Sized Polymer Core−Shell Microcapsules by Coaxial Electrospraying (2008)

Spherical polymeric core-shell microcapsules in uniform size were produced by electrospraying with a coaxial nozzle setup. Contrary to the usual coaxial setup, the inner nozzle was slightly bent to touch the inside wall of the outer nozzle. A polymer solution for the core was introduced through the outer nozzle, and the other solution for the shell was supplied through the inner nozzle. The setup greatly increased reproduction of the same results. As a proof of the concept, core-shell microcapsules consisting of a PS or PMMA core and a PCL shell (PS@PCL, PMMA@PCL) were produced. When the volumetric feed rate of the shell-forming PCL solution was higher than that of the core-forming PS or PMMA solution the core-shell structures in uniform size were readily obtained. In contrast, irregular morphologies were observed when the feed rate of the PCL solution was slower or equal to that of the PS or PMMA solution. The size of the colloid was dependent on the relative feed ratio between the polymer solutions as well as the magnitude of applied voltage.
Chitosan as a Hepato-Protective Agent against Single Oral Dose of Dioxin (2013)

Investigations revealed that tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces hepatic damage. Chitosan exhibits antioxidant properties and supplementations with antioxidants can influence hepatotoxicity. We evaluate effect of dietary low molecular weight chitosan (106-110 kilodaltons) in 3 multiplied doses (1.2, 2.4 and 3.6 g/ kg diet) against hepato toxic effects caused by a single oral dose (5 g TCDD/ kg body weight) for 6 weeks in adult male albino rats. TCDD decreased body weight gain, food intake, feeding efficiency ratio, serum albumin and albumin / globulin ratio. While it caused an increase in liver relative weight, serum total protein, globulin, aspartate and alanine amino transferases and alkaline phosphatase. Also, TCDD caused basophilic hyper chromatic nuclei, hepatic degeneration and fibrosis. Chitosan alone showed a significant positive effect in measured items except feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. Also it alleviated most of biochemical and histological hepatotoxic effects of dioxin. Chitosan is safe as a dietary supplement in rat's diet and can mitigate the hepatotoxic effects of TCDD by controlling the antioxidant status and free radicals production.
Impact of the storage temperature on human plasma proteomic analysis: Implications for the use of human plasma collections in research (2010)

Our present results indicate that plasma collections stored at -30°C, and not only those stored at - 80°C, may be used for 2D-DIGE analyses of albumin-and IgG-depleted human plasma without loosing the essential information about highly abundant proteins. This finding expands the applicability of 2D-DIGE to the study of human disease by permitting the analysis of human plasma samples stored at temperatures between - 30 and - 80°C.
Growth curve for Propionibacterium acnes (1995)

We established growth curves for Propionibacterium acnes isolates recovered from eyes with chronic postoperative endophthalmitis. The growth curve plotted the average of the duplicate bacterial concentration against time. The generation time for P. acnes calculated from the growth curves was approximately 5.1 hours. The growth of P. acnes is slower than other anaerobic bacteria. This may account for its delayed appearance in culture of ocular specimens. It may also explain treatment failure if the concentration of an antibiotic injected into the vitreous does not remain at an effective level during the critical replicative phase of the organism.
Cellular Localization of Activated Factor X by Xa-Specific Probes (1991)

A probe, recombinant antistasin, that reacts specifically with the activated form of factor X (Xa) was used in immunohistochemical procedures to detect cellular sites of Xa generation within intact tissues. Factor Xa was detected on tumor cells in small cell carcinoma of the lung, renal cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Tumor-associated macrophages (but not tumor cells) expressed Xa in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, and Hodgkin's disease. Factor Xa in these locations corresponded to evidence reported previously for an intact coagulation pathway and thrombin formation associated with these tumor cells and macrophages. By contrast, only rare connective tissue cells stained for Xa in breast and colon cancer, tumor types shown previously to lack an intratumoral coagulation pathway and thrombin generation, and in normal liver, lung, breast, kidney, and placental tissues. Hepatocytes did not stain. These results suggest that such probes may be useful for studying the activation state of cell-associated factor X in situ within intact tissues.
A Selective Optode Membrane for Histidine Based on Fluorescence Enhancement of Meso−Meso-Linked Porphyrin Dimer (2002)

A plasticized polymer film, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) incorporated with a specific porphyrin dimer, is shown to exhibit significant and analytical usefulness for optical response toward histidine. The porphyrin dimer containing a free-base porphyrin and a covalently linked metalloporphyrin is shown to be weakly fluorescent as a result of the photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer from the inner free-base porphyrin in singlet excited state to a low-spin cobalt(II). The fluorescence enhancement of the membrane by histidine is based on favorable extraction of histidine into the bulk organic membrane and complexation with the inner metallopophyrin moiety and inhibiting the electron transfer process. With the optode membrane described, histidine in a sample solution from 0.0045 to 1.53 mM can be determined. The calibration curve of the optode membrane for histidine shows a good correlation with the mathematically derived formalism and, thus, confirms the theoretically expected behavior. The sensor presented exhibits high selectivity toward histidine over several amino acids and common inorganic anions. The optical selectivity coefficients obtained for histidine over other biologically relevant amino acids and anions are shown to meet the selectivity requirements for the monitoring concentration levels of histidine in biological samples. The selective characteristic of the sensor has been discussed in the view of the coordination chemistry of metalloporphyrin.
PICTURE - A new Approach for Domain-Specific Process Modelling (2007)

Abstract. In this paper a new process modelling method especially for public administrations is presented. With established generic process modelling methods reorganisation projects in this domain could only identify limited reorganization potential and just led to small local improvements [1]. Therefore, we have created the domain specific modelling approach PICTURE. The PICTURE-method applies the domain vocabulary to efficiently capture the process landscape of a public organisation.
Wide and fast wavelength-tunable mode-locked fiber laser based on dispersion tuning (2006)

We demonstrate a wide and fast wavelength-tunable modelocked fiber laser based on tuning the mode-locking frequency. The laser is in a sigma-laser configuration, and a wideband semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) at 1.3 mum wavelength region is used as a gain medium. Mode locking is achieved by direct modulation of the injection current to the SOA, and a dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) is used to provide desired intracavity dispersion. By tuning the modulation frequency, a wide tuning range over 100 nm is achieved. Lasing wavelength is measured to be linearly in proportion to the RF frequency applied to the SOA. The sweep rate over the entire wavelength range (100 nm) can be raised to be as high as 200 kHz.
Relationship between factor XIII activity, fibrinogen, haemostasis screening tests and postoperative bleeding in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (2005)

We investigated the relationship between factor XIII, fibrinogen, blood coagulation screening tests and postoperative bleeding in 98 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. All patients received aprotinin. Blood samples were collected preoperatively (T1),after termination of CPB (T2),12 h (T3) and 24 h (T4) after surgery to determine FXIII activity, fibrinogen, platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and D-dimers (DD). Laboratory results were correlated with the chest tube drainage 24 h after surgery and compared between patients with 24-hour chest tube drain volumes in the lower (Group 1) with those in the upper tertile (Group 3). Median FXIII and fibrinogen levels dropped by 33.9% and 34.2%, respectively, during CPB. No association between FXIII activity and the extent of postoperative bleeding was found. However, chest tube bleeding was significantly correlated with preoperative and postoperative fibrinogen. This was confirmed by comparing Groups 1 and 3. Group 3 patients had significantly lower fibrinogen levels than Group 1 at T1 - T4, although most fibrinogen values were within or above the reference range (medians, g/l: 3.5 vs. 4.0, p = 0.043 at T1; 2.3 vs. 2.7, p = 0.015 at T2; 2.9 vs. 3.3, p = 0.008 at T3; 4.2 vs. 5.2, p = 0.002 at T4). There was also a significant relationship of platelet count, PT and APTT, as measured after CPB (T2), with postoperative chest tube drainage. In conclusion, plasma FXIII activity does not influence postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing CPB surgery. There is however an inverse association between preoperative or postoperative plasma fibrinogen levels and postoperative bleeding. These findings indicate a modulation of postoperative bleeding by fibrinogen levels.
Metal–Air Batteries with High Energy Density: Li–Air versus Zn–Air (2010)

Abstract In the past decade, there have been exciting developments in the field of lithium ion batteries as energy storage devices, resulting in the application of lithium ion batteries in areas ranging from small portable electric devices to large power systems such as hybrid electric vehicles. However, the maximum energy density of current lithium ion batteries having topatactic chemistry is not sufficient to meet the demands of new markets in such areas as electric vehicles. Therefore, new electrochemical systems with higher energy densities are being sought, and metal‐air batteries with conversion chemistry are considered a promising candidate. More recently, promising electrochemical performance has driven much research interest in Li‐air and Zn‐air batteries. This review provides an overview of the fundamentals and recent progress in the area of Li‐air and Zn‐air batteries, with the aim of providing a better understanding of the new electrochemical systems.
발달지체영유아의 포괄적 가족지원 실행을 위한 생태학적 접근 적용방안: 문헌연구 중심으로 (2012)

본 연구는 Bronfenbrenner(1979)가 제시한 ‘인간발달 생태학’의 관점에서 발달지체영유아의 교육과 치료를 위한 포괄적인 가족지원에 대한 생태학적 접근 적용방안을 문헌연구를 통하여 고찰하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 발달지체영유아 가족지원 관련 20편의 선행연구를 분석하여 포괄적 가족지원 항목을 추출한 후, 추출한 26개 항목들을 생태학적 변인체계별로 요목화하였으며, 요목화한 주요 항목들을 현행 법률 및 정책들과 비교하여 포괄적 가족지원에 대한 생태학적 적용방안을 도출하였다.
연구 결과, 발달지체영유아 가족을 위한 가족지원의 생태학적 접근 적용방안은 다음과 같이 도출되었다: 1) 미시체계적 접근(통합운영 확대, 개별화교육계획과 개별화가족지원계획 실질적 실현), 2) 중간체계적 접근(미시체계 지원기관 간의 상호관계 증진, 특수교육지원센터의 활성화), 3) 외체계적 접근(비공식지원망 활성화, 정보전달 체계의 활성화), 4) 거시체계적 접근(법 규정의 구체화 및 활성화, 국가수준의 전담기구 설치, 국가의 행ㆍ재정적 지원 확대).
본 연구는 향후 우리나라 발달지체영유아의 가족지원을 위한 생태학적 접근 적용방안과 관련하여 가족지원 프로그램을 계획ㆍ시행하고자 하는 유아특수교육 교사 및 관련 서비스 전문가들에게 실질적인 도움을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.
Comparative Longevity of Pet Dogs and Humans: Implications for Gerontology Research (1997)

The effect of breed and body weight on longevity in the pet dog was analyzed, and a method was developed to standardize the chronological age of dogs in terms of physiological time, using human year equivalents. Mortality data from 23,535 pet dogs were obtained from a computerized data base of North American veterinary teaching hospitals, and the median age at death was determined for pure and mixed breed dogs of different body weight. Body size in the dog was inversely related to longevity. Within each body weight category, the median age at death was lower for pure breed dogs compared with mixed breed dogs. The difference between the standardized physiological ages of mixed breed dogs of the same chronological age in the smallest and largest body weight categories varied from 8 to > 15 years, and between large and small pure breed dogs, the disparity was even greater. Laboratory research to explore the biological basis for these breed and body weight specific differences in life span among dogs may provide additional clues to genetic factors influencing senescence.