gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax induces expression of the Rel-related family of kappa B enhancer-binding proteins: evidence for a pretranslational component of regulation (1991)

The Tax protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) serves as a potent transcriptional activator of its own long terminal repeat as well as select cellular genes, including interleukin-2 and the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor. Tax activation of these two growth-related genes appears to involve the induced nuclear expression of DNA-binding proteins that specifically engage related kappa B enhancer elements present in the 5' regulatory regions of these genes. In human T cells, kappa B enhancer-binding activity has been discerned as an unexpectedly large family of UV cross-linked nucleoprotein adducts, termed p50, p55, p75, and p85. The protein components of each of these DNA-protein adducts have been shown to share structural similarity with the v-rel oncogene product. The p55 adduct is composed of the 50-kDa subunit of NF-kappa B derived from a 105-kDa precursor polypeptide, while the p50 adduct contains a smaller protein that is closely related to NF-kappa B p50. The p75 adduct contains the 65-kDa subunit of NF-kappa B, while the p85 adduct is composed of the human c-rel proto-oncogene product. We now demonstrate that HTLV-I Tax, in the absence of other viral pX gene products, is capable of inducing the nuclear expression of all four of these kappa B-binding proteins in human T cells, with most marked effects involving c-Rel and NF-kappa B p65. Tax induction of the nuclear expression of c-Rel and NF-kappa B p50 is regulated, at least in part, at a pretranslational level involving increases in c-rel and NF-kappa B p105 mRNA expression. To study the pattern of expression of these kappa B-specific proteins in cells infected with the whole HTLV-I, seven cloned HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines were established from the peripheral blood of patients with adult T-cell leukemia. Of note, only three of these seven cell lines produced Tax, and c-rel mRNA and nuclear protein expression was confined to these three cell lines. In contrast, NF-kappa B p50 and NF-kappa B p65 were constitutively expressed in the nuclei of all seven of the HTLV-I-infected cell lines, even in the absence of detectable Tax or other viral gene expression. These findings raise the possibility of an alternate, Tax-independent pathway for the induced nuclear expression of NF-kappa B p50 and NF-kappa B p65 following HTLV-I infection.
Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis Applied to Safety and Cost Synthesis (2001)

Following a brief introduction to offshore safety assessment, safety based decision making is discussed. This is followed by a description of a new safety and cost modelling approach which is demonstrated by an example. Three typical multiple criteria Decision analysis methods for safety and cost synthesis are described. Their potential for use in safety based Decision making is discussed.
Specific Growth Rate and Carbon Sugar Consumption of Diazotrophs Isolated from Rice Rhizosphere (2008)

A study was conducted in in vitro condition to determine the specific growth rate, sugar consumption and generation time of four diazotrophic bacterial species, Burkholderia, Rhizobium and two Corynebacterium sp. in four different carbon substrates. Growth of all bacterial strains was significantly affected by the sugars. Burkholderia sp. (Sb13) rapidly attained maximum population in glucose, fructose and sucrose and the specific growth rate best fitted with exponential model. The cell generation times of Burkholderia sp. (Sb13) in glucose, fructose and sucrose substrate were 0.4, 0.55 and 0.1 h, respectively. Rhizobium sp. (Sb16) followed an exponential growth model in fructose and its generation time was 0.62 h. The growth of Corynebacterium sp. (Sb26) was higher in arabinose and followed logarithmic growth model with generation time of 0.68 h. Corynebacterium sp. (Sb35) showed faster generation time (1 h) in sucrose substrates and the specific growth rate in all four carbon substrates followed logarithmic model of growth phase. Burkholderia sp. and Corynebacterium sp. (Sb26) consumed 100% of arabinose after 36 h of incubation period. The total sugar consumption by the diazotrophs were higher in logarithmic model of growth phase compared to exponential, power and polynomial model. \n
Health screening with CT: prospective assessment of radiation dose and associated detriment. (2005)

The use of computed tomography (CT) for screening of targeted diseases is gaining much interest in the international medical community. An important aspect in the justification of screening with such a high dose examination is the radiation dose to the patient. The objective of this study was to perform a prospective assessment of the radiation dose and associated risk for deleterious effects from a CT screening programme. The excess lifetime risk of fatal cancer for various screening strategies was quantified by estimating the effective dose and by using age dependent mortality risk factors. The accrued data shows that the excess mortality risk due to screening with CT could be substantial. It ranges from 0.01% up to a few percent, strongly depending on the type and method of screening. Consequently, radiation dose and associate risk should be included as fundamental parameters for outlining and deciding a screening approach with CT. Recent technical developments, such as tube current modulation, are promising tools for dose reduction within the constraint of desired image quality.
Estimation of the composition of coelectron-beam-evaporated thin-mixture films by making use of the Wiener bounds (2015)

Material mixtures offer prospective possibilities for synthesizing coating materials with tailored optical constants. We present experimental results for mixture coatings of alumina/aluminum fluoride and alumina/hafnia deposited by electron beam evaporation. Thereby, the volume filling factors of the components are commonly estimated on the basis of deposition rates measured by quartz crystal microbalance. The interplay between the vapor fluxes from the two evaporation sources, the crosstalk between quartz crystal microbalances, and the influence of the plasma source on the tooling factors limit the accuracy of this estimation, and this has motivated us to develop an alternative approach. The general idea of our approach is based on the commonly high accuracy in thin-film optical constant determination using spectrophotometry. Therefore, these optical constants serve as a reliable input for a rather simple but robust evaluation procedure based on the concept of Wiener bounds. The consistency of the obtained results is illustrated by opposing the data to the elementary film composition estimated from energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.
Diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound for the detection and characterization of atherosclerotic plaque composition in ex-vivo coronary specimens: a comparison with histology (2006)

Optical coherence tomography is superior to intravascular ultrasound for the detection and characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaque composition, specifically for the differentiation of noncalcified, lipid-rich, or fibrous plaque.
Evolution of bubble circuits processed by a single mask level (1973)

The design and operation of bubble circuits for mass memory applications processed through but a single mask level are presented. Control "conductors" are integrated within the propagate structure to effect generation, annihilation, transfer and replication. Several chevron expander detector designs are discussed including a curved guard rail detector as well as a nucleate generator in which the field threshold for domain nucleation is permanently lowered by a laser anneal. A memory organization featuring the replicate function is described.
Transdermal Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides Can Induce Changes in Gene Expression <i>In Vivo</i> (2001)

The potential for using antisense compounds as therapeutic agents has generated great enthusiasm. Strategies for delivery of these compounds are, therefore, of great interest. Transdermal iontophoresis has been used successfully as an enhancement technique for the transdermal delivery of these compounds in vitro. The effectiveness of using percutaneous penetration as a means to deliver therapeutic levels of these compounds in vivo, however, remains to be demonstrated. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the ability of iontophoretically delivered compounds to alter enzyme levels in the intact rat. A C5 propyne-modified phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (PS-ODN) targeted to the cytochrome p450-3A2 (CYP3A2) mRNA translational start site and the reverse sequence, used as a control, were synthesized. A patch containing either an oligonucleotide or a buffer control was placed on the animal's back, and an iontophoretic current of 0.5 mA/cm2 was applied for 3.5 hours. Twenty-four hours later, CYP3A2 levels were measured noninvasively using the midazolam-induced sleeping rat model. Liver and small intestinal microsomes were made after completion of sleep studies and assayed for CYP3A2, CYP1A1/2, CYP2B1/2, and CYP2E1. Midozolam-treated animals with antisense to CYP3A2 slept significantly longer than did the controls (p < 0.05). CYP3A2 levels were significantly lower in liver microsomes from antisense-treated animals than in either buffer control (p < 0.001) or reverse sequence animals (p < 0.05). The reverse sequence was also significantly different from the buffer control (p < 0.01), indicating a nonspecific effect of the PS background. Nontarget cytochrome levels were not altered by treatment. There were no significant differences in small intestine CYP3A2 levels between treatment groups. These data demonstrate that transdermally delivered PS-ODN can reach concentrations sufficient to induce changes in specific target enzymes in vivo. Further studies are warranted to investigate potential uses for these molecules.
3-D free-access WPT system for charging movable terminals (2012)

There are strong demands for providing small power to movable handy terminals by a resonance-type wireless power transfer system. Continuous charging for cellular phones in a room is the best example. Conventional WPT system has a limited capability to transfer power for the movable terminals with arbitrary positions and angles. We do not enjoy the merits of the wireless system. In this paper, a novel WPT system, which uses larger transmitting resonators embedded in a floor and in walls and a smaller receiving resonator installed in a handy terminal, is proposed. The larger transmitting resonator can transfer power for full space in the room, and the smaller receiving resonator is suitable for compact terminals. We evaluate the transmission efficiency in terms of coupling coefficient for any positions and any angles of the movable terminal in a room. To realize 3-D free-access, multiple transmission resonators are employed. The coupling coefficients are measured experimentally. Then, the possibility is confirmed.
The Chevron Co-Refining Process (1985)

The principles of two-stage Chevron Coal Liquefaction Process have been extended to the simultaneous refining of coal and heavy oils. In this application coal is slurried into heavy oil or residuum and fed to two close-coupled-conversion stages. The first stage accomplishes liquefaction of the coal and conversion of the heavy oil. The catalytic second stage provides further upgrading of the product, by addition of hydrogen and reduction of nitrogen and sulfur. The process is flexible in simultaneously handling a variety of coals with a wide range of high-resid content and high-metals oils in 10-50 pounds per day laboratory scale pilot plants. The 6 ton per day Chevron Coal Liquefaction Process coal liquefaction pilot plant in Chevron USA's Richmond, California, Refinery has been adapted to this service and is in the midst of a year-long test of the new technology.
Cyclic Polyolefins. XXXII. cis- and trans-1,3-Diphenylcycloöctane<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclic Polyolefins. XXXII. cis- and trans-1,3-Diphenylcycloöctane1Arthur C. Cope, Mark R. Kinter, and Richard T. KellerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 10, 2757–2760Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01639a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01639a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sidegating in GaAs current limiters (1987)

Potentials of several volts or less applied to the sidegate contact of an ion-implanted GaAs current limiter cause a decrease in the channel current, in both the linear and Saturated modes of operation. Larger sidegate potentials have the opposite effect due to the addition of a large substrate leakage current, and cause an apparent shift in the impact-ionization threshold of the channel current.
Molecular mechanisms of reversion to the ts+ (non-temperature-sensitive) phenotype of influenza A cold-adapted (ca) virus strains (2007)

A ts+ ca- (non-temperature-sensitive, non-cold-adapted) revertant of the A/Leningrad/134/47/57 ca strain influenza virus [A/Leningrad/134/47/ts+18/1957(H2N2)], obtained in our previous study, lost phenotypic manifestation of ts mutations by the PB2, NP and NS genes, although, according to sequencing data, it acquired only two true reversions of a mutation in the PB2 and PB1 genes. Direct sequencing showed the appearance of 27 additional mutations (13 coding) in the genes encoding the PB2, PB1, PA, NP, M and NS proteins of the revertant, along with the above-mentioned two true reversions. We conjecture that some of these mutations suppressed phenotypic manifestation of ts mutations in the NS and NP genes.
Formation of protein–glutathione mixed disulfides in the developing rat conceptus following diamide treatment in vitro (1995)

Protein-glutathione mixed disulfide (protein-S-SG) formation was investigated in developing rat conceptuses during early organogenesis (gestational day 10, GD 10) using the whole embryo culture system. Low levels of protein-S-SG (25.0 +/- 6.6 pmoles resolved GSH/conceptus) were found in conceptuses under normal culture conditions. Incubation of the conceptuses with 75-500 microM diamide (a thiol oxidant) resulted in rapid increases in protein-S-SG (to 2- to 16-fold that of control values) in a dose-dependent manner during 30 min of the culture period. Approximately 20% of the observed cytosolic glutathione (GSH) depletion following diamide (500 microM) could be accounted for as mixed disulfides of protein sulfhydryls, when determined in whole conceptual tissues after 15 min. The most extensive S-thiolation of protein sulfhydryls by GSH was observed in visceral yolk sac (VYS) when compared to embryo proper and ectoplacental cone. This result indicates that the most abundant, sensitive, or accessible protein sulfhydryls were found in the VYS. Inhibition of glutathione disulfide reductase activity by pretreatment of the conceptuses with 25 microM BCNU for 2 hr potentiated protein-S-SG formation elicited by 75 microM diamide. Reincubation of the conceptuses in fresh media, following the 15-min treatment with 500 microM diamide, reversed both the GSH depletion and the protein-S-SG formation in conceptal tissues. The reduction of the protein-S-SG was dependent on adequate intracellular GSH levels and was inhibited when GSH was rapidly depleted by subsequent addition of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM, 100 microM). Under the same experimental conditions, addition of 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) did not significantly enhance the GSH restoration rate nor the protein-S-SG reduction rate. The results also indicated that low levels of intracellular cysteine do not play an important role in the reduction of protein-S-SG. Protein-S-SG formation may be important for cellular regulation and in mediating the embryotoxicity elicited by diamide or other oxidative stresses.
Lossless data hiding based on integer wavelet transform (2004)

This paper proposes a novel data hiding algorithm having large data hiding rate based on integer wavelet transform, which can recover the original image without any distortion from the marked image after the hidden data have been extracted. This algorithm hides the data and the overhead data representing the bookkeeping information into the middle bit-plane of the integer wavelet coefficients in high frequency subbands. It can embed much more data compared with the existing distortionless data hiding techniques and satisfy the imperceptibility requirement. The image histogram modification is used to prevent grayscales from possible overflowing that may take place due to the data embedding. The algorithm has been applied to a wide range of different images successfully. Some experimental results are presented in this paper to demonstrate the validity of the algorithm.
Frequent microsatellite instability in epithelial borderline ovarian tumors. (1996)

To further define the genetic events that could lead to the development of borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs), we analyzed 13 microsatellite markers on chromosomes 3p and q in 18 BOTs and compared the results to 31 serous invasive epithelia] ovarian cancers (IEOCs). Five of the 18 BOTs showed microsatellite instability (MSI) at one or more loci, compared to only 2 of the 31 IEOCs studied (P < 0.04). In two of these five BOTs, MSI was found in multiple loci. All BOTs with MSI were serous, while none of the mucinous type showed any alteration. Loss of heterozygosity was found in only 1 of the 18 BOTs, but in 12 of the 31 IEOCs (P < 0.01). This first report of a relatively high percentage of MSI in BOTs opens a wide spectrum of new hypotheses for borderline ovarian tumorigenesis as well as several new research avenues.
Identification of helper T-cell epitopes that encompass or lie proximal to cytotoxic T-cell epitopes in the gp100 melanoma tumor antigen. (2001)

The melanocyte-associated antigen gp100 constitutes one of the most attractive targets for T-cell-based immunotherapy against malignant melanoma. Although several MHC class I-restricted epitopes have been identified for CTLs, thus far, only one MHC class II T helper epitope (restricted by HLA-DR4) has been described in the literature. Using an algorithm to identify promiscuous helper T-cell epitopes, here we describe three additional MHC class II-restricted epitopes from gp100. Whereas one T helper epitope, gp100(175-189), was restricted by the HLA-DR53 and DQw6 alleles, the T-cell responses to two other epitopes, gp100(74-89) and gp100(576-590), were restricted by HLA-DR7. Most interestingly, the newly identified helper T lymphocyte epitopes encompass or lie proximal to previously described CTL epitopes for this tumor-associated antigen. Together with the previously described HLA-DR4-restricted epitope, these T helper epitopes offer coverage for the majority of the human population. Moreover, the use of peptide vaccines containing both CTLs and T helper epitopes could offer therapeutic advantages over current approaches that focus solely on eliciting antitumor CTL responses.
Ion-bombardment-enhanced grain growth in germanium, silicon, and gold thin films (1988)

Grain growth has been studied in polycrystalline thin films of Ge, Si, and Au during ion bombardment. The phenomenon has been characterized by varying the ion dose, ion energy, ion flux, ion species, substrate temperature, and thin-film deposition conditions. Films bombarded with Si+, Ar+, Ge+, Kr+, and Xe+ exhibited enhanced grain growth which was weakly temperature dependent and proportional to the energy deposited in elastic collisions at or very near grain boundaries. The effect of these parameters on grain size and microstructure was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively using transmission electron microscopy. A transition state model describing the motion of grain boundaries during ion bombardment has been applied to the present experimental data. The results suggest that bombardment-enhanced grain growth may be due to thermal migration of bombardment-generated defects across the boundary. The calculated defect yield per incident ion was found to be directly related to enhanced grain growth, and was used to estimate the number of atomic jumps at the grain boundary per defect generated. Grain growth rates during bombardment and thermal annealing were related to their respective point defect populations.
Bumpless transfer between advanced controllers with applications to power plant control (2004)

This paper deals with bumpless transfer between a number of advanced controllers, e.g. in a gain-scheduling architecture. Linear observer-based controllers are designed for a number of linear approximations of the system model in a set of operating points, and gain scheduling control can subsequently be achieved by interpolating between each controller. We use the Youla-Jabr-Bongiorno-Kucera parameterization to achieve a differentiable scheduling between the controllers. This approach produces a controller as a linear fractional transformation between a controller and a scheduling parameter. In this paper we propose a systematic approach to achieve bumpless transfer between different nominal controllers. The approach is tested on a simple, but highly nonlinear model of a coal-fired power plant.
An enantioselective synthesis of SK&F 93505, a key intermediate for preparing cardiotonic agents (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn enantioselective synthesis of SK&F 93505, a key intermediate for preparing cardiotonic agentsFranklin F. Owings, Margaret Fox, Conrad J. Kowalski, and Neil H. BaineCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 5, 1963–1966Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00005a060https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00005a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views460Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts