gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Partition Bloom Filters: A Bounded False Positive Solution For Dynamic Set Membership (Extended Abstract) (2019)

Dynamic Bloom filters (DBF) were proposed by Guo et. al. in 2010 to tackle the situation where the size of the set to be stored compactly is not known in advance or can change during the course of the application. We propose a novel competitor to DBF with the following important property that DBF is not able to achieve: our structure is able to maintain a bound on the false positive rate for the set membership query across all possible sizes of sets that are stored in it. The new data structure we propose is a dynamic structure that we call Dynamic Partition Bloom filter (DPBF). DPBF is based on our novel concept of a Bloom partition tree which is a tree structure with standard Bloom filters at the leaves. DPBF is superior to standard Bloom filters because it can efficiently handle a large number of unions and intersections of sets of different sizes while controlling the false positive rate. This makes DPBF the first structure to do so to the best of our knowledge. We provide theoretical bounds comparing the false positive probability of DPBF to DBF.
Development of Real Time System for Synthesizing Relighting Image by using RGB-D Camera (2014)

リライティングとは，実画像から，それを撮影した照明環境を別の正面環境で撮影したかのような画像を合成する処理のことであり，その実現には，対象物体の3次元形状（法線分布），反射特性，光源環境が必要である．本論文では，RGB-Dカメラを用いて実時間リライティングを実現可能なシステムを提案する．本システムでは，正確な物体領域抽出のためにノイズを含む距離画像の修正を行う．領域抽出を行った後，対象物体の法線分布を推定する．光源環境は，観測された鏡面球から取得し，任意の環境に対してリライティングを行う．また，実時間処理を実現するために，GPUを用いた並列処理を行う．我々の実装では，約10fpsの速度でリライティングが可能である．提案システムの有効性を確認するために行った実験では，対象物体に対して事前に撮影した動的光源環境へリライティングを行い，提案システムの性能を評価した．
Incompatibility of Water-Soluble Contrast Media and Intravascular Pharmacologic Agents (1992)

In vitro incompatibilities between nine water-soluble contrast media and 21 intravascular pharmacologic agents were investigated using naked-eye observation and a centrifuge. Most of the previously reported incompatibilities were verified, and a few new incompatibilities were discovered: phentolamine mesylate with diatrizoate sodium, diatrizoate meglumine, ioxaglate, and iothalamate; diatrizoate meglumine with diazepam and meperidine hydrochloride; and diatrizoate sodium with meperidine hydrochloride. There were no incompatibilities when the pharmacologic agents investigated were mixed with ioxithalamate, iopromide, iopamidol, and iohexol.
Results of the NIST national ball plate round robin (1997)

This report examines the results of the ball plate round robin administered by NIST. The round robin was part of an effort to assess the current state of industry practices for measurements made using coordinate measuring machines. Measurements of a two-dimensional ball plate (240 mm by 240 mm) on 41 coordinate measuring machines were collected and analyzed. Typically, the deviations of the reported <i>X</i> and <i>Y</i> coordinates from the calibrated values were within ± 5 μm, with some coordinate deviations exceeding 20.0 μm. One of the most significant observations from these data was that over 75 % of the participants failed to correctly estimate their measurement error on one or more of the ball plate spheres.
Finding Clusters of Different Sizes, Shapes, and Densities in Noisy, High Dimensional Data (2003)

Finding clusters in data, especially high dimensional data, is challenging when the clusters are of widely differing shapes, sizes, and densities, and when the data contains noise and outliers. We present a novel clustering technique that addresses these issues. Our algorithm first finds the nearest neighbors of each data point and then redefines the similarity between pairs of points in terms of how many nearest neighbors the two points share. Using this definition of similarity, our algorithm identifies core points and then builds clusters around the core points. The use of a shared nearest neighbor definition of similarity alleviates problems with varying densities and high dimensionality, while the use of core points handles problems with shape and size. While our algorithm can find the “dense” clusters that other clustering algorithms find, it also finds clusters that these approaches overlook, i.e., clusters of low or medium density which represent relatively uniform regions “surrounded” by non-uniform or higher density areas. We experimentally show that our algorithm performs better than traditional methods (e.g., K-means, DBSCAN, CURE) on a variety of data sets: KDD Cup ‘99 network intrusion data, NASA Earth science time series data, and two-dimensional point sets. The run-time complexity of our technique is O(n2) if the similarity matrix has to be constructed. However, we discuss a number of optimizations that allow the algorithm to handle large data sets efficiently.
Voltage‐activated proton currents in human lymphocytes (2002)

Voltage-activated proton currents are reported for the first time in human peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes and in the human leukaemic T cell line Jurkat E6-1. The properties of H(+) currents studied using tight-seal voltage-clamp recording techniques were similar in all cells. Changing the pH gradient by one unit caused a 47 mV shift in the reversal potential, demonstrating high selectivity of the channels for protons. H(+) current activation upon membrane depolarisation had a sigmoidal time course that could be fitted by a single exponential function after a brief delay. Increasing pH(o) shifted the activation threshold to more negative potentials, and increased both the H(+) current amplitude and the rate of activation. In lymphocytes studied at pH(i) 6.0, the activation threshold was more negative and the H(+) current density was three times larger than at pH(i) 7.0. Increasing the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration to 1 microM did not change H(+) current amplitude or kinetics detectably. Extracellularly applied Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) inhibited proton currents, slowing activation and shifting the voltage-activation curve to more positive potentials. The H(+) current amplitude was 100 times larger in CD19+ B lymphocytes and in Jurkat E6-1 cells than in CD3+ T lymphocytes. Following stimulation with the phorbol ester PMA, the H(+) current density in peripheral blood T lymphocytes and Jurkat T cells increased. In contrast, the H(+) current density of phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated B lymphocytes was reduced and activation became slower. The pattern of expression of H(+) channels in lymphocytes appears well suited to their proposed role of charge compensation during the respiratory burst.
Protein kinase A inhibitors enhance radiation‐induced apoptosis (1995)

In addition to a role for de novo protein synthesis in apoptosis we have previously shown that activation of a protein phosphatase or loss of activity of a kinase is also important in radiation-induced apoptosis in human cells [Baxter, and Lavin (1992): J Immunol 148:149-1954]. We show here that some inhibitors of protein kinases exacerbate radiation-induced apoptosis in the human cell line BM13674. The specific protein kinase A inhibitor isoquinoline sulfonamide (20 microM) gave rise to significantly increased levels of apoptosis at 2-6 h postirradiation compared to values after radiation exposure only. The same concentration of isoquinolinesulfonamide, which was effective in increasing apoptosis, reduced activity markedly. A 66% inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A activity occurred in unirradiated cells at this concentration of H89 and activity was reduced to 58% in irradiated cells. Calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, at a concentration of 0.1 microM, which caused 68% inhibition of enzyme activity in irradiated cells, failed to enhance the level of radiation-induced apoptosis. Other kinase inhibitors did not lead to an additional increase in apoptosis over and above that observed after irradiation. The results obtained here provide further support for an important role for modification of existing proteins during radiation-induced apoptosis.
Stabilized G protein binding site in the structure of constitutively active metarhodopsin-II (2011)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are seven transmembrane helix proteins that couple binding of extracellular ligands to conformational changes and activation of intracellular G proteins, GPCR kinases, and arrestins. Constitutively active mutants are ubiquitously found among GPCRs and increase the inherent basal activity of the receptor, which often correlates with a pathological outcome. Here, we have used the M257Y(6.40) constitutively active mutant of the photoreceptor rhodopsin in combination with the specific binding of a C-terminal fragment from the G protein alpha subunit (GαCT) to trap a light activated state for crystallization. The structure of the M257Y/GαCT complex contains the agonist all-trans-retinal covalently bound to the native binding pocket and resembles the G protein binding metarhodopsin-II conformation obtained by the natural activation mechanism; i.e., illumination of the prebound chromophore 11-cis-retinal. The structure further suggests a molecular basis for the constitutive activity of 6.40 substitutions and the strong effect of the introduced tyrosine based on specific interactions with Y223(5.58) in helix 5, Y306(7.53) of the NPxxY motif and R135(3.50) of the E(D)RY motif, highly conserved residues of the G protein binding site.
Cholinium-based ionic liquids with pharmaceutically active anions (2014)

Ionic liquids with cholinium-based active pharmaceutical ingredients (API-ILs) were prepared<italic>via</italic>a simple and sustainable two-step anion exchange reaction. The resulting salts have improved upon the chemical, physical and biopharmaceutical properties of the parent APIs.
Parallel Computing '91: Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel Computing '91, London, U.K., 3-6 September 1991 (1992)

Invited Papers: Designing Parallel Non Numerical Algorithms (M. Cosnard, A. Ferreira). Throttling Speculative Computation: Issues and Problems (D. DeGroot). Design of Parallel Numerical Algorithms (D.J. Evans). Compute-Intensive Applications on Advanced Computer Architectures (J.L. Gustafson). Parallel Genetic Algorithms and Neural Networks as Learning Machines (H. Muhlenbein). Contributed Papers organized in the following Sections: Non-Numerical Algorithms (5 papers). Numerical Algorithms (13 papers). Hardware (9 papers). Software (11 papers). Performance (7 papers). Applications (9 papers). Author Index.
Total-dose tolerance of a chartered semiconductor 0.35-μm CMOS process (2003)

MOSFETs fabricated in the commercial Chartered Semiconductor 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process were characterized with respect to the effects of total dose irradiation. Gate oxide threshold voltage shifts at 100 krad(Si) for both minimum geometry 0.70/0.35 NMOS and PMOS transistors biased for worst-case shifts were less than 20 mV. Off-state field leakage currents for isolated NMOS transistors were below 10 nA at 100 krad(Si), but became large at 300 krad(Si). The effect of a post-irradiation high temperature anneal was to lower these leakage currents to less than 100 pA. PMOS transistors exhibited less than 10 pA leakage for doses up to 300 krad(Si). Measurements on edgeless annular NMOS transistors showed no significant increase in leakage current with total dose, indicating that the increased leakage observed in standard NMOS transistors is the result of field leakage associated with inversion in the bird's beak region at the transistor/field oxide interface. C-V measurements on field-oxide capacitors over substrate biased for worst-case threshold voltage shifts showed the capacitors did not invert at 100 krad(Si) for 3.3 V operation. Measurements on ring-oscillators biased dynamically during irradiation showed no significant change in the gate delay or power up to 300 krad(Si) total dose, suggesting that for actual digital circuits applications, functionality and performance may be able to be maintained to doses substantially above 100 krad(Si).
MnTMPyP, a cell-permeant SOD mimetic, reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis following renal ischemia-reperfusion (2008)

Oxidative stress and apoptosis are important factors in the etiology of renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The present study tested the hypothesis that the cell-permeant SOD mimetic manganese(III) tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (MnTMPyP) protects the kidney from I/R-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in vivo. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (175-220 g) underwent renal I/R by bilateral clamping of the renal arteries for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h. To examine the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal I/R injury, a subset of animals were treated with either saline vehicle (I/R Veh) or MnTMPyP (I/R Mn) (5 mg/kg ip) 30 min before and 6 h after surgery. MnTMPyP significantly attenuated the I/R-mediated increase in serum creatinine levels and decreased tubular epithelial cell damage following I/R. MnTMPyP also decreased TNF-alpha levels, gp(91phox), and lipid peroxidation after I/R. Furthermore, MnTMPyP inhibited the I/R-mediated increase in apoptosis and caspase-3 activation. Interestingly, although MnTMPyP did not increase expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, it decreased the expression of the proapoptotic genes Bax and FasL. These results suggest that MnTMPyP is effective in reducing apoptosis associated with renal I/R injury and that multiple signaling mechanisms are involved in ROS-mediated cell death following renal I/R injury.
Intranasal Administration of 2/6-Rotavirus-Like Particles with Mutant<i>Escherichia coli</i>Heat-Labile Toxin (LT-R192G) Induces Antibody-Secreting Cell Responses but Not Protective Immunity in Gnotobiotic Pigs (2000)

We investigated the immunogenicity of recombinant double-layered rotavirus-like particle (2/6-VLPs) vaccines derived from simian SA11 or human (VP6) Wa and bovine RF (VP2) rotavirus strains. The 2/6-VLPs were administered to gnotobiotic pigs intranasally (i.n.) with a mutant Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin, LT-R192G (mLT), as mucosal adjuvant. Pigs were challenged with virulent Wa (P1A[8],G1) human rotavirus at postinoculation day (PID) 21 (two-dose VLP regimen) or 28 (three-dose VLP regimen). In vivo antigen-activated antibody-secreting cells (ASC) (effector B cells) and in vitro antigen-reactivated ASC (derived from memory B cells) from intestinal and systemic lymphoid tissues (duodenum, ileum, mesenteric lymph nodes [MLN], spleen, peripheral blood lymphocytes [PBL], and bone marrow lymphocytes) collected at selected times were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunospot assays. Rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG ASC and memory B-cell responses were detected by PID 21 or 28 in intestinal and systemic lymphoid tissues after i.n. inoculation with two or three doses of 2/6-VLPs with or without mLT. Greater mean numbers of virus-specific ASC and memory B cells in all tissues prechallenge were induced in pigs inoculated with two doses of SA11 2/6-VLPs plus mLT compared to SA11 2/6-VLPs without mLT. After challenge, anamnestic IgA and IgG ASC and memory B-cell responses were detected in intestinal lymphoid tissues of all VLP-inoculated groups, but serum virus-neutralizing antibody titers were not significantly enhanced compared to the challenged controls. Pigs inoculated with Wa-RF 2/6-VLPs (with or without mLT) developed higher anamnestic IgA and IgG ASC responses in ileum after challenge compared to pigs inoculated with SA11 2/6-VLPs (with or without mLT). Three doses of SA 11 2/6-VLP plus mLT induced the highest mean numbers of IgG memory B cells in MLN, spleen, and PBL among all groups postchallenge. However, no significant protection against diarrhea or virus shedding was evident in any of the 2/6-VLP (with or without mLT)-inoculated pigs after challenge with virulent Wa human rotavirus. These results indicate that 2/6-VLP vaccines are immunogenic in gnotobiotic pigs when inoculated i.n. and that the adjuvant mLT enhanced their immunogenicity. However, i.n. inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with 2/6-VLPs did not confer protection against human rotavirus challenge.
Development of a Comprehensive Dataset of Hepatitis C Patients and Examination of Disease Epidemiology in the United States, 2013–2016 (2018)

AbbVie. Plain language summary available for this article.
Apodization technique for fiber grating fabrication with a halftone transmission amplitude mask (2000)

Experimental results of fiber Bragg gratings fabricated with halftone amplitude transmission masks and 10-cm-long phase masks are presented for the first time to our knowledge. The performance of the devices is evaluated in terms of their spectral characteristics and deviation from linear group delay. Good out-of-band sidelobe suppression of -27 dB and group-delay ripple of ?9.5 ps is achieved for fully apodized grating devices.
Proposing SQL statement coverage metrics (2008)

An increasing number of cyber attacks are occurring at the application layer when attackers use malicious input. These input validation vulnerabilities can be exploited by (among others) SQL injection, cross site scripting, and buffer overflow attacks. Statement coverage and similar test adequacy metrics have historically been used to assess the level of functional and unit testing which has been performed on an application. However, these currently-available metrics do not highlight how well the system protects itself through validation. In this paper, we propose two SQL injection input validation testing adequacy metrics: target statement coverage and input variable coverage. A test suite which satisfies both adequacy criteria can be leveraged as a solid foundation for input validation scanning with a blacklist. To determine whether it is feasible to calculate values for our two metrics, we perform a case study on a web healthcare application and discuss some issues in implementation we have encountered. We find that the web healthcare application scored 96.7% target statement coverage and 98.5% input variable coverage.
ChemInform Abstract: POLYCONDENSED NITROGEN HETEROCYCLES. XII. A NEW SYNTHESIS OF 5,6‐DIHYDRO‐7H‐PYRAZOLO(1,5‐D)(1,4)BENZODIAZEPIN‐6‐ONES (1983)

Abstract Die Diketone (I) kondensieren mit Hydrazino‐essigsäureester (II) zu den entsprechenden Pyrazolyl‐essigsäureestern (III), die zu den freien Säuren (IV) verseift werden.
Multilayer white polymer light-emitting diodes with deoxyribonucleic acid-cetyltrimetylammonium complex as a hole-transporting/electron-blocking layer (2008)

Using a thin film of deoxyribonucleic acid-cetyltrimetylammonium (DNA-CTMA) complex as a hole-transporting/electron-blocking layer, we have developed a sequential solution-processing approach for constructing multilayer (up to five layers) white polymer light-emitting diodes, incorporating the poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl)/poly[2-methoxy-5(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylene vinylene] emissive layer. These devices were demonstrated to show a low turn-on voltage (∼5V), high efficiency (10.0cd∕A), and high brightness (10500cd∕m2) with an improved white-color stability.
How to Detect Selectively Hydrogen and Hydrogen Containing Gases with Metal Oxide Gas Sensor Operating in Non-Stationary Thermal Regime? (2018)

We demonstrated the possibility of selective detection of hydrogen, ethanol, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, methane and ammonia gas using metal oxide gas sensor operating in non-stationary thermal regime. This non-stationary regime consists in fast heating of the sensing layer to high temperature followed by temperature stabilization at lower temperature. The analysis of the shape of the curve describing the sensor resistance as a function of time during this measurement cycle enables the quantitative analysis of gas mixture. The investigation of kinetics of the process in non-stationary regime permits to understand the mechanism of the processes on the surface of sensing material.
Analog IC Design and Fabrication (2002)

The purpose of this project was to test the performance of analog integrated circuits and to characterize the MOSFET SPICE parameters. The data that can be obtained from this testing can be helpful for further research in the area of Analog IC design. The Semiconductor & Microsystems Fabrication Laboratory (SMFL) is a constantly evolving facility, with equipment constantly entering and leaving the lab. The process technology used was the RIT Subμ-CMOS Process, a vehicle used to teach students about process integration, semiconductor manufacturing, and the effects of process technology and device operation. Therefore, the Sub-Micron process must adapt to changes in the tool-set and still meet its process specifications. This project made minimal changes to the process.
Camera Technology: The Dark Side of the Lens (1992)

Focusing. Exposure. Time Lag. Viewfinders. Film Support. Hardware. Testing. Appendices. Basic Optical Formulas. Focusing Error Formula. Cardinal Points for 35 mm SLR Lens. Bibliography. Glossary. Index.
Foreword: Survey of South Carolina Law April (1964)

All major published opinions of the South Carolina Supreme Court are included, as are cases originating in South Carolina or affecting South Carolina law decided by the United States District Courts of South Carolina, the United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit, and the United States Supreme Court.The statewide enactments of the South Carolina General Assembly in the 1964 session have also been noted.The majority of articles are contributed by members of the South Carolina Bar Association who were appointed by the president for the purpose.
Development of Wave Power Generator using Horizontal Motions of the Wave (2015)

In this study, we suggested the wave power generator using horizontal motions of the wave for use in the coastal sea. The length of the horizontal movement of the wave in the vicinity of the sea surface is larger than the length of the vertical reciprocating movement of the wave, hence the proposed device has a wave power transmission plate. In addition, because the motion of the wave is maximum to the sea surface, by arranging the buoyancy tanks at the top of the wave power transmission plate, it is always capable of vertical movement in accordance with the sea surface. To confirm the usefulness of the proposed wave power generator, we constructed a mathematical model of the wave power generator and carried out simulation using bondgraph. Furthermore, the efficiency was verified by measuring the degree of electrical energy production through a preliminary experiment.
Development of an Si-Rhodamine-Based Far-Red to Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe Selective for Hypochlorous Acid and Its Applications for Biological Imaging (2011)

A far-red to near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe, MMSiR, based on Si-rhodamine, was designed and synthesized for sensitive and selective detection of HOCl in real time. MMSiR and its oxidized product SMSiR have excellent properties, including pH-independence of fluorescence, high resistance to autoxidation and photobleaching, and good tissue penetration of far-red to NIR fluorescence emission. The value of MMSiR was confirmed by real-time imaging of phagocytosis using a fluorescence microscope. wsMMSiR, a more hydrophilic derivative of MMSiR, permitted effective in vivo imaging of HOCl generation in a mouse peritonitis model. This probe is expected to be a useful tool for investigating the wide range of biological functions of HOCl.
Chemical‐Shift Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Two‐Line Spectra by Gradient Reversal (1985)

A method of chemical-shift imaging is described using the invariance of chemical shifts to changes in magnetic field gradients used for frequency encoding of position in imaging. This enables separation of the effects on the observed signal of chemical shift from the effects of different positions along the imaging gradient when the signal is observed with different gradients. A simple implementation for a two-line spectrum is presented using signals observed with normal and reversed imaging gradients. This is used to create "fat" and "water" images of the thigh.