gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Annotation and prediction of stress and workload from physiological and inertial signals (2015)

Continuous daily stress and high workload can have negative effects on individuals' physical and mental well-being. It has been shown that physiological signals may support the prediction of stress and workload. However, previous research is limited by the low diversity of signals concurring to such predictive tasks and controlled experimental design. In this paper we present 1) a pipeline for continuous and real-life acquisition of physiological and inertial signals 2) a mobile agent application for on-the-go event annotation and 3) an end-to-end signal processing and classification system for stress and workload from diverse signal streams. We study physiological signals such as Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Skin Temperature (ST), Inter Beat Interval (IBI) and Blood Volume Pulse (BVP) collected using a non-invasive wearable device; and inertial signals collected from accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. We combine them with subjects' inputs (e.g. event tagging) acquired using the agent application, and their emotion regulation scores. In our experiments we explore signal combination and selection techniques for stress and workload prediction from subjects whose signals have been recorded continuously during their daily life. The end-to-end classification system is described for feature extraction, signal artifact removal, and classification. We show that a combination of physiological, inertial and user event signals provides accurate prediction of stress for real-life users and signals.
Potent and highly selective neurokinin antagonists (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotent and highly selective neurokinin antagonistsP. Ward, G. B. Ewan, C. C. Jordan, S. J. Ireland, R. M. Hagan, and J. R. BrownCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1990, 33, 7, 1848–1851Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00169a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00169a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations143LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Systematic Review Comparing Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Contingency Management for Cocaine Dependence (2013)

The main objective of this review was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and contingency management for cocaine dependence. Contingency management alone reliably reduced cocaine use during active treatment in all cited trials, whereas the positive effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy emerged after treatment in 3 of 5 trials. Synergistic effects of the combination of contingency management plus cognitive-behavioral therapy are shown in 2 trials, but another 3 trials found no additive effects. Positive, rapid, and enduring effects on cocaine use are reliably seen with contingency management interventions, whereas measurable effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy emerge after treatment and are not as reliable as effects with contingency management.
Evaluating metastability in electronic circuits for random number generation (2002)

This paper presents a method for evaluating the metastability of a flip-flop circuit for random number generation applications. It is well known that digital circuits can exhibit metastable behavior when the input to a flip-flop is asynchronous to the system clock. In the past, extensive research has been focused on eliminating metastability in digital systems. Here, we present some preliminary results of our research to exploit metastable behavior in sequential logic circuits to produce random bit streams for random number generation. In particular, we explore the idea of tapping the electronic noise present in D-type flip-flops to produce random bit streams for use as a one-time cryptographic key-pad for encryption algorithms. This research will serve as a basis for further research into the very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) of random number generators (RNGs).
A brief history of cardiac pacing. (2006)

This article is the first of three articles that will deal with pacing. The history and background leading to pacemakers as we know them is briefly discussed.
Aroylation of carbanions derived from N-(diphenylmethyl)arylmethanimines. A synthesis of 4-aroyloxy-2-azabuta-1,3-dienes (1986)

The acylation of carbanions derived from N-(diphenylmethyl)arylmethanimines using aroyl chlorides, allows the preparation of a new type of substituted 2-azabuta-1,3-dienes in which the imino group is conjugated with an enol ester. The reaction is quite general and facilitates the preparation of a wide range of 2-azadienes with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups on the phenyl rings. The site selectivity for the attack of the electrophile on the aza-allyl anion can be controlled by the substituents on the carbanion and on the hardness of the electrophile.
Mutations in the Wilms' tumor gene WT1 in leukemias (1996)

The tissue-specific Wilms' tumor gene WT1 is expressed in a range of acute leukemias and hematopoietic cell lines. Using single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis, we have found mutations in the WT1 gene in 4 of 36 acute leukemias. WT1 mutations are found in 15% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia, in which they are associated with a poor response to chemotherapy. The mutations comprise small insertions in exons 1 and 7 and a nonsense mutation in exon 9. All are predicted to produce a truncated WT1 protein with absence or disruption of the zinc finger region. These are the first mutations in the WT1 gene to be described in sporadic leukemia.
Unusual phenotypic alteration of β amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) maturation by a new Val-715 → Met βAPP-770 mutation responsible for probable early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (1999)

We have identified a novel beta amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) mutation (V715M-betaAPP770) that cosegregates with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a pedigree. Unlike other familial AD-linked betaAPP mutations reported to date, overexpression of V715M-betaAPP in human HEK293 cells and murine neurons reduces total Abeta production and increases the recovery of the physiologically secreted product, APPalpha. V715M-betaAPP significantly reduces Abeta40 secretion without affecting Abeta42 production in HEK293 cells. However, a marked increase in N-terminally truncated Abeta ending at position 42 (x-42Abeta) is observed, whereas its counterpart x-40Abeta is not affected. These results suggest that, in some cases, familial AD may be associated with a reduction in the overall production of Abeta but may be caused by increased production of truncated forms of Abeta ending at the 42 position.
Synthesis of lactam and ketone precursors of 2,7-substituted octahydro-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and octahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazines (1992)

This report describes the synthesis of the hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6(2H)-ones 6, the hexahydro-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-7(6H)-ones 7, and the hexahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazin-7-(6H)-ones 8, precursors of 2,7-substituted octahydropyrrolo- and octahydro-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazines. The synthetic sequence leading to the ketones 7 and 8 starts with the construction of the piperazine ring through intramolecular 1,4-addition of the unsaturated amino ester 18 or reductive cyclization of the amino keto ester 11. The resulting piperazin-2-yl-acetates 19 and -propanoates 12 are then subjected to alkylation with methyl bromoacetate, Dieckmann cyclization and acidic demethoxycar-bonylation. Depending on the reaction conditions, ring closure of the piperazin-2-ylpropanoates 12 afforded the lactams 6 or the 8a-methoxy lactam 14.
Progenitor cells of the olfactory receptor neuron lineage (2002)

The olfactory epithelium of the mouse has many properties that make it an ideal system for studying the molecular regulation of neurogenesis. We have used a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches to identify three distinct stages of neuronal progenitors in the olfactory receptor neuron lineage. The neuronal stem cell, which is ultimately responsible for continual neuron renewal in this system, gives rise to a transit amplifying progenitor identified by its expression of a transcription factor, MASH1. The MASH1-expressing progenitor gives rise to a second transit amplifying progenitor, the Immediate Neuronal Precursor, which is distinct from the stem cell and MASH1-expressing progenitor, and gives rise quantitatively to olfactory receptor neurons. Regulation of progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation occurs at each of these three cell stages, and growth factors of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) families appear to play particularly important roles in these processes. Analyses of the actions of FGFs and BMPs reveal that negative signaling plays at least as important a role as positive signaling in the regulation of olfactory neurogenesis.
Retinal toxicity study of intravitreal cyclosporin. (1986)

We investigated the toxicity of intravitreal cyclosporin in the rabbit. Histologic retinal changes were found with intravitreal injections of 200 micrograms. No histologic or electroretinographic changes were observed with doses of 100 micrograms or less. This nontoxic dose is projected to be at least 77 times the amount needed to be effective.
Time-resolved, in vivo studies of mitotic spindle formation and nuclear lamina breakdown in <i>Drosophila</i> early embryos (1996)

Time-resolved, two-component, three-dimensional fluorescence light microscopy imaging in living Drosophila early embryos is used to demonstrate that a large fraction of the nuclear envelope lamins remain localized to a rim in the nuclear periphery until well into metaphase. The process of lamin delocalization and dispersal, typical of 'open' forms of mitosis, does not begin until about the time the final, metaphase geometry of the mitotic spindle is attained. Lamin dispersal is completed about the time that the chromosomal movements of anaphase begin. This pattern of nuclear lamina breakdown appears to be intermediate between traditional designations of 'open' and 'closed' mitoses. These results thus clarify earlier observations of lamins in mitosis in fixed Drosophila early embryos, clearly showing that the observed lamin localization does not result from a structurally defined 'spindle envelope' that persists throughout mitosis. During this extended time interval of lamin localization in the nuclear periphery, the lamina undergoes an extensive series of structural rearrangements that are closely coupled to, and likely driven by, the movements of the centrosomes and microtubules that produce the mitotic spindle. Furthermore, throughout this time the nuclear envelope structure is permeable to large macromolecules, which are excluded in interphase. While the functional significance of these structural dynamics is not yet clear, it is consistent with a functional role for the lamina in mitotic spindle formation.
LBP Discriminant Analysis for Face Verification (2006)

This paper presents a novel Local Binary Pattern (LBP) based Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis (KFDA) approach by integrating the LBP descriptor of face images and the KFDA method for face classifier. LBP extracts desirable facial features which consider both shape and texture information to cope with the variation due to facial expression and illumination changes. The KFDA method is then extended to take all the advantages of LBP descriptor for improved face verification performance. We introduce the kernel function by using Chi square statistic distance and RBF as inner product for KFDA classifier. The effectiveness of the LBP based KFDA method with Chi square statistic distance as inner product is shown in terms of comparison with original LBP and KFDA methods on FRGC database.
Maximum shortening velocity of lymphatic muscle approaches that of striated muscle (2013)

Lymphatic muscle (LM) is widely considered to be a type of vascular smooth muscle, even though LM cells uniquely express contractile proteins from both smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. We tested the hypothesis that LM exhibits an unloaded maximum shortening velocity (Vmax) intermediate between that of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Single lymphatic vessels were dissected from the rat mesentery, mounted in a servo-controlled wire myograph, and subjected to isotonic quick release protocols during spontaneous or agonist-evoked contractions. After maximal activation, isotonic quick releases were performed at both the peak and plateau phases of contraction. Vmax was 0.48 ± 0.04 lengths (L)/s at the peak: 2.3 times higher than that of mesenteric arteries and 11.4 times higher than mesenteric veins. In cannulated, pressurized lymphatic vessels, shortening velocity was determined from the maximal rate of constriction [rate of change in internal diameter (-dD/dt)] during spontaneous contractions at optimal preload and minimal afterload; peak -dD/dt exceeded that obtained during any of the isotonic quick release protocols (2.14 ± 0.30 L/s). Peak -dD/dt declined with pressure elevation or activation using substance P. Thus, isotonic methods yielded Vmax values for LM in the mid to high end (0.48 L/s) of those the recorded for phasic smooth muscle (0.05-0.5 L/s), whereas isobaric measurements yielded values (>2.0 L/s) that overlapped the midrange of values for cardiac muscle (0.6-3.3 L/s). Our results challenge the dogma that LM is classical vascular smooth muscle, and its unusually high Vmax is consistent with the expression of cardiac muscle contractile proteins in the lymphatic vessel wall.
Selective Reactions of the Silicon-Hydrogen Group with Grignard Reagents. The Preparation of Some Unsymmetrical Silane Derivatives (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective Reactions of the Silicon-Hydrogen Group with Grignard Reagents. The Preparation of Some Unsymmetrical Silane DerivativesHenry Gilman and Ernest A. ZuechCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 22, 5925–5928Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01531a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01531a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views366Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intravenous and intrathecal miconazole therapy for systemic mycoses. (1977)

Ten patients with systemic mycoses, including five with fungal meningitis, were treated with intravenously or intrathecally administered miconazole, or both. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of miconazole for clinical isolates of Coccidioides immitis, Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans were less than 0.6 microg per ml. Except for pruritus of variable degrees, the drug was well tolerated both intravenously and intrathecally by all patients. No measurable impairment of renal, hepatic or bone marrow function was observed in patients after 4(1/2) months of intravenous therapy. No hematological or biochemical abnormalities and no evidence of recurrent coccidioidal osteomyelitis were observed in 16 months of follow-up in our first patient treated with this drug. Miconazole is apparently an effective antifungal drug of low toxicity and is a potentially useful agent for treatment of human systemic mycoses.
Hemostatic plug formation in normal and von Willebrand pigs: the effect of the administration of cryoprecipitate and a monoclonal antibody to Willebrand factor (1986)

Hemostatic plug (HP) formation was investigated in the ear bleeding time incision in normal and von Willebrand pigs. HP volume was calculated by integrating the areas of serial sections. In normal pigs (n = 11), platelets immediately formed a layer on the surface of the cut channel. Platelet aggregates formed at the ends of transected vessels and gradually enlarged. Finally, all transected vessels were occluded by HP and bleeding stopped. In contrast, large HPs were formed in the incision in von Willebrand's disease (vWD) pigs (n = 4); these HPs did not cover the ends of the transected vessels, which continued to bleed, allowing the formation of large hemostatically ineffective platelet aggregates in the incision. Canals traversed these HPs, and bleeding from the open vessels may have continued through them. After infusion of cryoprecipitate into a vWD pig, the bleeding time shortened, and the morphological findings of the HPs were similar to those of normal pigs. In normal pigs (n = 3) infused with an anti- Willebrand factor monoclonal antibody, which prolonged the bleeding time, a large HP formed in the incision, similar to that observed in the vWD pig. The volume of the normal and vWD HPs increased with time. These in vivo findings suggest that Willebrand factor is involved in the localization of the HP to the damaged vessel and may also play a role in platelet-platelet interaction. A computerized morphometric technique was used for measuring the volume of the hemostatic plugs and the distance of sequential points on the perimeter of the HP from the center of selected bleeding vessels.
Existence and construction of capacity-achieving network codes for distributed storage (2009)

In a distributed storage system based on erasure coding, when a storage node fails, repairing the erasure code incurs some network traffic. Previous work has characterized the fundamental tradeoff between storage efficiency and repair network bandwidth. This was done via a cut-based analysis on a graph that models the evolution of information flow in the storage system subject to arbitrary sequences of node failures/repairs. This paper presents techniques for constructing network codes that achieve the optimal tradeoff between storage efficiency and repair network bandwidth. The challenge here is that network coding is applied over an unbounded graph with an unbounded number of receivers. It is shown in this paper that optimal codes can be constructed over a finite field whose size depends only on the maximum number of nodes at any instant, but independent of how many failures/repairs can happen. Key to the code construction is a ldquopath-weavingrdquo procedure that leads to an inductive existence proof/code construction.
The Industrial Applications of Shape Memory Alloys in North America (2000)

Literature in the recent past on shape memory effect alloys dwelt principally on the physical metallurgy, crystallography and kinetics of the shape memory phenomenon. By contrast, we now have books and conference proceedings devoted to the engineering aspects of SMAs, their technology and application. The dominant role SMAs now play in the field of medical and orthodontic devices is well documented and will be reviewed by others in this conference. In this paper we will discuss the commercial applications for shape memory alloy devices in the North American market; applications which are in many cases also produced in European countries and Japan. The early success of shape memory alloy couplings for joining tubing and pipe in the late 1960's was not followed by other large volume applications until the advent of shape memory eyeglass frames, brassiere underwires and cellular phone antennas. Many other applications have now evolved into mature markets and these will be reviewed. In addition to the many commercial applications cited, there are a number of other fields in which shape memory alloys are destined to play a major role; these include smart materials and adaptive structures, MEMS devices, infrastructure systems and electrical power generation and distribution. These applications are being developed with private and government funding and will also be briefly discussed.
Telomerase RNA Levels Limit the Telomere Length Equilibrium (2006)

Small functional RNAs play essential roles in many biological processes. Regulating the level of these small RNAs can be as important as maintaining their function in cells. The telomerase RNA is maintained in cells at a steady-state level where small changes in concentration can have a profound impact on function. Cells that have half the level of the telomerase RNA cannot maintain telomeres through many cell divisions. People who are heterozygous for telomerase RNA mutations have the diseases dyskeratosis congenita and aplastic anemia, caused by short telomeres that result in loss of tissue renewal capacity. Mice heterozygous for telomerase RNA show haploinsufficiency in telomere length maintenance and also show loss of tissue renewal capacity. It is remarkable that small changes in the level of this functional RNA can have such profound effects in cells. This tight regulation highlights the importance of controlling the action of telomerase in cells.
Self-supervised Learning for Single View Depth and Surface Normal Estimation (2019)

In this work we present a self-supervised learning framework to simultaneously train two Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to predict depth and surface normals from a single image. In contrast to most existing frameworks which represent outdoor scenes as fronto-parallel planes at piece-wise smooth depth, we propose to predict depth with surface orientation while assuming that natural scenes have piece-wise smooth normals. We show that a simple depth-normal consistency as a soft-constraint on the predictions is sufficient and effective for training both these networks simultaneously. The trained normal network provides state-of-the-art predictions while the depth network, relying on much realistic smooth normal assumption, outperforms the traditional self-supervised depth prediction network by a large margin on the KITTI benchmark. Demo video: https://youtu.be/ZD-ZRsw7hdM