gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elevated Serum Levels of the CXCR3 Chemokine ITAC Are Associated With the Development of Transplant Coronary Artery Disease (2003)

Elevated peripheral blood levels of the CXCR3 chemokine ITAC/CXCL11 are associated with severe TCAD and may serve as a marker for patients at increased risk for the development of this disease. Immunohistochemical localization of the CXCR3 chemokine ligand ITAC/CXCL11 on the endothelial surface of TCAD lesions with underlying infiltration of inflammatory mononuclear cells expressing CXCR3 suggests a causative role for this chemokine in the development of TCAD. The present study is one of the first to demonstrate a role for ITAC/CXCL11 in this disease.
Virtual fencing – past, present and future1 (2007)

Virtual fencing is a method of controlling animals without ground-based fencing. Control occurs by altering an animal’s behaviour through one or more sensory cues administered to the animal after it has attempted to penetrate an electronically-generated boundary. This boundary can be of any geometrical shape, and though unseen by the eye, is detected by a computer system worn by the animal. The most recent autonomous programmable systems use radio frequency (RF) signals, emanating from global positioning system (GPS) satellites to generate boundaries. Algorithms within a geographic information system (GIS) within the device’s computer use the GPS and other data to determine where on the animal a cue, or cues, should be applied and for how long. The first commercial virtual fencing system was patented in 1973 for controlling domestic dogs. Virtual fencing was used for the first time to control livestock in 1987. Since then proof-of-concept research using commercial, as well as custom designed systems have demonstrated that virtual fencing can successfully hold as well as move livestock over the landscape. Commercial virtual livestock control systems do not yet exist but research continues towards this goal. Pending research needs relating to this method of animal control are discussed in light of currently available technologies.
Screening a cDNA Library for Protein–Protein Interactions Directly in Planta (2012)

Screening cDNA libraries for genes encoding proteins that interact with a bait protein is usually performed in yeast. However, subcellular compartmentation and protein modification may differ in yeast and plant cells, resulting in misidentification of protein partners. We used bimolecular fluorescence complementation technology to screen a plant cDNA library against a bait protein directly in plants. As proof of concept, we used the N-terminal fragment of yellow fluorescent protein- or nVenus-tagged Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirE2 and VirD2 proteins and the C-terminal extension (CTE) domain of Arabidopsis thaliana telomerase reverse transcriptase as baits to screen an Arabidopsis cDNA library encoding proteins tagged with the C-terminal fragment of yellow fluorescent protein. A library of colonies representing ~2 × 10(5) cDNAs was arrayed in 384-well plates. DNA was isolated from pools of 10 plates, individual plates, and individual rows and columns of the plates. Sequential screening of subsets of cDNAs in Arabidopsis leaf or tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Bright Yellow-2 protoplasts identified single cDNA clones encoding proteins that interact with either, or both, of the Agrobacterium bait proteins, or with CTE. T-DNA insertions in the genes represented by some cDNAs revealed five novel Arabidopsis proteins important for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. We also used this cDNA library to confirm VirE2-interacting proteins in orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis) flowers. Thus, this technology can be applied to several plant species.
Combining acoustic and electrical speech processing: Iowa/Nucleus hybrid implant (2004)

The human ear has the capability to integrate both acoustic and high-frequency electrically processed speech information. Placement of a short 10-mm electrode does not appear to damage residual low-frequency inner ear hair cell function, interfere with the micro-mechanics of normal cochlear vibration or decrease residual speech perception. The improvement in speech recognition was due primarily to the increased perception of higher-frequency consonantal speech cues. Such a device can provide a substantial benefit in terms of speech understanding to those with severe high-frequency hearing loss, while still maintaining the benefits of the residual lower-frequency acoustic hearing. The position of the electrode and the site of frequency information within the cochlea are shown to be important factors in the success of such a device.
Partial discharge. XVII. The early history of partial discharge research (1993)

For pt.XVI see ibid., vol.9, no.3, p.21 et seq. (1993). Early investigations into partial discharge (PD) phenomena are reviewed to illustrate how little has changed and how much has, in some respects, been repeated during the forty years from 1940 to 1980. The early days of PD research included studies of PD in gas-filled cavities in oil-impregnated paper insulation, broad studies of PD in high voltage apparatus and dielectric materials, and research into PD in turbine generator insulation systems. The development of PD test techniques, development of test apparatus, and development of PD-related standards are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Exclusion-based Signature Matching for Intrusion Detection (2002)

We consider the problem of efficient string-based signature matching for Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NID-Ses). String matching computations dominate in the overall cost of running a NIDS, despite the use of efficient generalpurpose string matching algorithms. Aiming at increasing the efficiency and capacity of NIDSes, we have designed ExB, a string matching algorithm tailored to the specific characteristics of NIDS string matching. We have implemented ExB insnort and present experiments comparing ExB with the current best alternative solution. Our preliminary experiments suggest that ExB offers improvements in overall system performance by as much as a factor of three. KEY WORDS network security, intrusion detection, string matching, network performance 1
Exact seismic velocities for VTI and HTI media and extendedThomsen Formulas for stronger anisotropies (2008)

I explore a different type of approximation to the exactanisotropic wave velocities as a function of incidence angle invertically transversely isotropic (VTI) media. This method extends theThomsen weak anisotropy approach to stronger anisotropy withoutsignificantly affecting the simplicity of the formulas. One importantimprovement is that the peak of the quasi-SV-wave speed vsv(theta) islocated at the correct incidence angle theta= theta max, rather thanalways being at the position theta = 45o, which universally holds forThomsen's approximation although max theta = 45o is actually nevercorrect for any VTI anisotropic medium. The magnitudes of all the wavespeeds are also more closely approximated for all values of the incidenceangle. Furthermore, the value of theta max (which is needed in the newformulas) can be deduced from the same data that are typically used inthe weak anisotropy data analysis. The two examples presented are basedon systems having vertical fractures. The first set of model fractureshas their axes of symmetry randomly oriented in the horizontal plane.Such a system is then isotropic in the horizontal plane and, therefore,exhibits vertical transverse isotropic (VTI) symmetry. The second set offractures also has axes of symmetry in the horizontal plane, but it isassumed these axes are aligned so that the system exhibits horizontaltransverse isotropic (HTI) symmetry. Both types of systems are easilytreated with the new wave speed formulation.
THE POLYSULFIDES AND POLYSELENIDES OF LITHIUM, SODIUM AND POTASSIUM (1926)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE POLYSULFIDES AND POLYSELENIDES OF LITHIUM, SODIUM AND POTASSIUMF. W. BergstromCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1926, 48, 1, 146–151Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1926Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1926https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01412a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01412a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views695Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Techniques for authentication protocols and key distribution on wireless ATM networks (1998)

With the growing acceptance of ATM as the standard for broadband networking and the increasing importance of wireless devices, it has become appropriate to extend ATM application to wireless platforms. Adding a wireless network to existing wired network creates a set of problems. Security functions have to be reconsidered since wired network security did not account for the open medium, mobile roaming. A necessary foundation for securing a network is the ability to authenticate entities. There is a need to authenticate users of the system so that the resources would not be misused by nonsubscribers. After authentication by authentication protocol, two parties who involves in communications should be able and entitle to believe that they are communicating with each other and not with intruders. In mobile networks, normally secret-key cryptography is used for authentication. In this paper, both secret key and public key are attempted to be used in wireless ATM network.
Reactive iron porphyrin derivatives related to the catalytic cycles of cytochrome P-450 and peroxidase. Studies of the mechanism of oxygen activation (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactive iron porphyrin derivatives related to the catalytic cycles of cytochrome P-450 and peroxidase. Studies of the mechanism of oxygen activationJohn T. Groves and Yoshihito. WatanabeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 25, 8443–8452Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00233a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00233a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1724Altmetric-Citations277LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clustering algorithms research for device-clustering localization (2012)

Crowdsourcing-based localization has attracted wide research concern to the metropolitan-scale positioning. However, crowdsourcing-based fingerprints collection with assorted mobile smart devices brings fingerprint confusion, which significantly degrades the localization accuracy. To solve the device diversity problem, many solutions have been raised like the Device-Clustering algorithm. Based on macro Device-Cluster (DC) rather than natural device, DC algorithm maintains less device types and slight calibration overhead. Despite high positioning accuracy, the selection of suitable clustering algorithms in DC system becomes another puzzle. In this paper, we reshape the novel Device-Clustering algorithm to enhance the indoor positioning by comparing the application of different clustering algorithms. The experimental result indicates the reliability of DC strategy in broad clustering scheme as well as the suitable locating process corresponding to distinct environment.
Spectral diffraction efficiency characterization of broadband diffractive optical elements. (2013)

Diffractive optical elements, with their thin profile and unique dispersion properties, have been studied and utilized in a number of optical systems, often yielding smaller and lighter systems. Despite the interest in and study of diffractive elements, the application has been limited to narrow spectral bands. This is due to the etch depths, which are optimized for optical path differences of only a single wavelength, consequently leading to rapid decline in efficiency as the working wavelength shifts away from the design wavelength. Various broadband diffractive design methodologies have recently been developed that improve spectral diffraction efficiency and expand the working bandwidth of diffractive elements. We have developed diffraction efficiency models and utilized the models to design, fabricate, and test two such extended bandwidth diffractive designs.
LOW-VOLUME RESUSCITATION COCKTAIL EXTENDS SURVIVAL AFTER SEVERE HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK (2007)

After severe hemorrhage, low-volume resuscitation with hypertonic fluids is increasingly preferred to more aggressive resuscitation strategies. Oxygen delivery to the tissues may be improved by augmentation with hemoglobin [Hb]-based oxygen-carrying compounds (HBOCs); however, previous studies have reported negative outcomes presumably related to extravasation of tetrameric Hb. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel large molecular weight polymer of cross-linked bovine Hb (OxyVita; OXYVITA Inc, New Windsor, NY) in a cocktail of hypertonic saline and Hextend (HX; HBOC-C) as an alternative to standard small-volume resuscitation using Hextend (HX) only. Outcomes were survival to 3 h and duration of MAP support more than 60 mmHg without additional fluid support. Conscious male Long-Evans rats were hemorrhaged to 60% total blood volume over 40 min. There were 4 groups: HBOC-C administered in a pressure-titrated infusion, HX titration, HBOC-C administered as a bolus, and HX bolus. Cardiovascular parameters, arterial gases, acid-base status, metabolites, electrolytes, Hb level, and oxygen saturation were measured at baseline, during each 20% hemorrhage increment, and 1, 2, and 3 h after the initiation of hemorrhage. Small-volume resuscitation with HBOC-C significantly improved survival to 3 h and improved MAP support times regardless of method of administration. However, physiological status at the end of hemorrhage significantly influenced survival regardless of resuscitation treatment. These results suggest that HBOC-augmented hypertonic cocktails are of promise in improving survival and providing target MAP support during small-volume resuscitation. Experimental evaluation of any resuscitation therapy should account for the degree of preexisting physiological compromise before therapy is initiated.
Metal Nanowire Networks: The Next Generation of Transparent Conductors (2014)

There is an ongoing drive to replace the most common transparent conductor, indium tin oxide (ITO), with a material that gives comparable performance, but can be coated from solution at speeds orders of magnitude faster than the sputtering processes used to deposit ITO. Metal nanowires are currently the only alternative to ITO that meets these requirements. This Progress Report summarizes recent advances toward understanding the relationship between the structure of metal nanowires, the electrical and optical properties of metal nanowires, and the properties of a network of metal nanowires. Using the structure-property relationship of metal nanowire networks as a roadmap, this Progress Report describes different synthetic strategies to produce metal nanowires with the desired properties. Practical aspects of processing metal nanowires into high-performance transparent conducting films are discussed, as well as the use of nanowire films in a variety of applications.
Open-base Breakdown in Diffused N-P-N Junction Transistors† (1965)

ABSTRACT A one-dimensional analysis is presented on the open-base breakdown characteristics of diffused n-p-n transistors. From breakdown voltage measurements upon selected devices—in conjunction with breakdown voltage calculations—‘ effective ’ values are established for the ionization rate of electrons in germanium and silicon p-n junctions, when biased substantially below avalanche breakdown. These ‘ effective ’ electron ionization rates are used to calculate the open-base breakdown voltage for transistors exhibiting a large collector punch-through voltage ; such calculations are graphically illustrated throughout iv range of parameters applicable to many practical situations. A discussion is also presented on the influence of an abrupt conductivity increase within the collector junction space-charge layer, of the typo encountered in an idealized epitaxial structure. Notes Communicated by Dr. R. Kompfner.
Novel Multiparameter Microsensor for Determination of Fluid Mixture Properties and Flow Rate (2015)

A sophisticated, dynamic hot disk sensor enables simultaneous determination of flow velocity and mixture ratio in binary fluid mixtures with known components. It combines the measurement of different physical properties of the mixture with only very few sensing elements and very simple manufacturing technology and addresses especially low cost mobile applications, e.g., direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) or on-board diagnosis for the urea/water mixture in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust gas after-treatment systems for diesel engines. In the latter application, the system can also identify misuse, i.e. an unsuitable fluid being used instead of urea solution, by measuring the complex impedance of the fluid. Finally, multiparameter read-out also offers the possibility of a sensor self-test, e.g., to monitor degradation due to surface contamination.
Mathematical Formulations of the NTSC Color Television Signal (1954)

The NTSC color television signal specification may be presented mathematically in a variety of ways, each yielding identical total signals but using a number of different components. In this paper, the presentations are in terms of (1) two color-difference signals, (2) camera primary signals, (3) three color-difference signals, and (4) symmetrical components. The formulation of the signal specification when high-frequency components are present in the signal is also considered.
Topographic organization ot spinal ana trigeminal somatosensory pathways to the rat parabrachial and Kölliker—fuse nuclei (1995)

We examined the organization of somatosensory projections to the parabrachial (PB) and Kölliker-Fuse (KF) nuclei by employing the retrograde and anterograde axonal transport of Fluorogold and Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), respectively. Small PHA-L injections were made into different parts of the spinal trigeminal complex, including the paratrigeminal nucleus, and into different segments and laminae of the spinal dorsal horn. The subnuclear distribution of axonal labeling in the PB and KF was mapped with a camera lucida. Our results show that the somatosensory input to the PB and KF is highly organized. Neurons in the spinal trigeminal nuclei project predominantly to the KF and to the ventral portion of the external lateral PB. Neurons in the paratrigeminal nucleus project to the ventral lateral PB, the external medial PB, and to caudal aspects of the medial PB. These findings were supported by retrograde tracing experiments with Fluorogold. Spinal cord neurons located in the superficial dorsal horn (laminae I-II) of upper cervical segments project specifically to the ventral portion of the external lateral PB and, although more sparsely, to various other lateral PB nuclei. In contrast, neurons in the superficial dorsal horn of thoracic and lumbar spinal segments project mainly to the dorsal lateral and the central lateral PB. Finally, neurons in the lateral reticulated area and the lateral spinal nucleus of all spinal segments project almost exclusively to the internal lateral PB, whereas neurons in the respective nuclei of upper cervical segments also project to the KF. From our data we conclude that the somatosensory projections to the PB and KF are topographically organized. It is assumed that these pathways, which run from trigeminal and spinal neurons through the PB and KF to various forebrain, medullary, and spinal nuclei, form functionally different neural circuits that are involved in somatoautonomic processing.
Saving mobile device energy with multipath TCP (2011)

Multipath TCP is a backwards-compatible TCP extension that enables using multiple network paths between two end systems for a single TCP connection, increasing performance and reliability. It can also be used to "shift" active connections from one network path to another without breakage. This feature is especially attractive on mobile devices with multiple radio interfaces, because it can be used to continuously shift active connections to the most energy-efficient network path. This paper describes a novel method for deriving such a multipath scheduler using MPTCP that maximises energy savings. Based on energy models for the different radio interfaces as well as a continuously accumulated communication history of the device user, we compute schedulers for different applications by solving a Markov decision process offline. We evaluate these schedulers for a large number of random application models and selected realistic applications derived from measurements. Evaluations based on energy models for a mobile device with Wifi and 3G radio interfaces show that it performs comparably in terms of energy efficiency to a theoretically optimal omniscient oracle scheduler.