gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells by a novel synthetic progestin involves the induction of transforming growth factor beta. (1991)

Recent experimental work has identified a novel intracellular binding site for the synthetic progestin, Gestodene, that appears to be uniquely expressed in human breast cancer cells. Gestodene is shown here to inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent fashion, but has no effect on endocrine-responsive human endometrial cancer cells. Gestodene induced a 90-fold increase in the secretion of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) by T47D human breast cancer cells. Other synthetic progestins had no effect, indicating that this induction is mediated by the novel Gestodene binding site and not by the conventional progesterone receptor. Furthermore, in four breast cancer cell lines, the extent of induction of TGF-beta correlated with intracellular levels of Gestodene binding site. No induction of TGF-beta was observed with the endometrial cancer line, HECl-B, which lacks the Gestodene binding site, but which expresses high levels of progesterone receptor. The inhibition of growth of T47D cells by Gestodene is partly reversible by a polyclonal antiserum to TGF-beta. These data indicate that the growth-inhibitory action of Gestodene may be mediated in part by an autocrine induction of TGF-beta.
Self-Curing Methyl Methacrylate: Is It Safe? (1976)

Self-curing methyl methacrylate has been recently abandoned by some ophthalmic surgeons because of more than 20 deaths associated with its use in orthopedic surgery. The mechanism of cardiovascular collapse noted in orthopedic cases appears to relate to the surgical procedure as well as a direct vasodilation caused by free monomer. There are no reported cardiovascular complications with the facial uses of self-curing methyl methacrylate. Toxicities to this substance are noted. Ophthalmologists should be aware of these problems and their management. Careful preoperative cardiovascular evaluation, intraoperative patient monitoring, and a well-ventilated operating room are recommended with its use. The review finds no evidence to condemn the ophthalmic uses of self-curing methyl methacrylate because of cardiovascular complications. The search for more inert synthetic compounds should continue.
PCSK9 inhibition as an emerging lipid lowering therapy: Unanswered questions (2016)

Although statins have been used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia for more than two decades, cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is related at least in part to high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is the number one cause of death in Europe and the USA. Several studies have shown that the reduction in cardiovascular (CV) events is proportional to the absolute LDL-C lowering achieved with statins. In the quest for further reduction in LDL-C and CV events, new drugs that mainly support statin action have emerged. Since 2003, with the discovery of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), which is a key factor in the LDL clearance pathway, new modalities, mainly in the form of monoclonal antibodies that block this protein (PCSK9 inhibitors), have reached phase III of clinical development with very promising efficacy and safety data. With a mean further reduction of LDL-C levels of ∼60% beyond that achieved with statins, the PCSK9 inhibitors set the bar even lower in terms of LDL-C levels. This review manuscript addresses important questions about the efficacy, safety and clinical use of PCSK9 inhibitors to evaluate the role of these agents in reducing CV risk.
Stereoselective Cross-Coupling between Allylic Alcohols and Aldimines (2009)

A cross-coupling reaction between an allylic alcohol and an imine is described for stereoselective allylation of aromatic and aliphatic imines. This method provides operationally simple, enantioselective access to functionalized homoallylic amines. Particularly noteworthy is direct use of a functionalized allylic alcohol as an allylating reagent without prederivatization, which obviates the use of preformed organometallic reagents or activated imine derivatives.
Prokineticin 2 Regulates the Electrical Activity of Rat Suprachiasmatic Nuclei Neurons (2011)

Neuropeptide signaling plays roles in coordinating cellular activities and maintaining robust oscillations within the mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Prokineticin2 (PK2) is a signaling molecule from the SCN and involves in the generation of circadian locomotor activity. Prokineticin receptor 2 (PKR2), a receptor for PK2, has been shown to be expressed in the SCN. However, very little is known about the cellular action of PK2 within the SCN. In the present study, we investigated the effect of PK2 on spontaneous firing and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) using whole cell patch-clamp recording in the SCN slices. PK2 dose-dependently increased spontaneous firing rates in most neurons from the dorsal SCN. PK2 acted postsynaptically to reduce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic function within the SCN, and PK2 reduced the amplitude but not frequency of mIPSCs. Furthermore, PK2 also suppressed exogenous GABA-induced currents. And the inhibitory effect of PK2 required PKC activation in the postsynaptic cells. Our data suggest that PK2 could alter cellular activities within the SCN and may influence behavioral and physiological rhythms.
Implementation and Evaluation of Multi-Swarm BitTorrent System Using Support Node (2012)

Recently, P2P system is expected to solve server load concentration problem in content delivery based on client-server system. In P2P system, every node adaptively operates as both of a client and a server, and autonomously delivers content data with each other. The authors aim at improving the delivery efﬁciency and its fairness between peers in BitTorrent by introducing Support Nodes which are prepared by service provider and support new peers or snubbed peers in speciﬁc swarms. So far, we proposed adaptive allocation method of support nodes in multiswarm environment, and performed evaluation by the simulation. In this paper, we implement the proposed method on the real machine, and demonstrate the effectiveness by experiment.
Optical characteristics of cartilage at a wavelength of 1560 nm and their dynamic behavior under laser heating conditions (2010)

A double-integrating-sphere system was used to measure the diffuse transmittance, diffuse reflectance, and collimated transmittance of cartilage and polyacrylamide hydrogel samples as a function of temperature under 1560-nm laser heating conditions. The dynamic behavior of the absorption and scattering coefficients and scattering anisotropy of the biomaterials was calculated by the inverse Monte Carlo method. The absorption coefficient of the cartilage and hydrogel samples proved to be linear in temperature. Raising the temperature of the cartilage samples to 80°C caused their absorption coefficient to decrease by some 25%. The temperature-induced change of the absorption spectrum of the interstitial water was found to be responsible for the clarification of the cartilage tissue observed to occur under 1560-nm laser heating conditions. The temperature field produced in the tissue by the laser energy deposited therein was calculated using a bioheat transfer equation with temperature-dependent parameters. The calculation results demonstrated that the temperature-induced changes of the optical parameters of biological tissues should be taken into account to make their 1560-nm laser treatment effective and safe.
Nickel-Indium Sulphide Core-Shell Nanostructures Obtained by Spray-ILGAR Deposition (2013)

Ni nanowires (NWs) of different lengths were fabricated by pulsed potentiostatic deposition within pores of polycarbonate membranes. After template dissolution, substrates underwent sequential Spray-ILGAR® depositions of thin indium sulphide films. The effect of deposition temperature was also investigated. For low number of deposition cycles, results showed complete and uniform covering of metal over the entire length of NWs, with formation of Ni - In2S3 core-shell structures. However, with increasing number of deposition cycles films became uneven and crusty, especially at higher temperatures, owing to the simultaneous formation of nickel sulfide. This drawback was almost eliminated doubling the duration of the spray step.
Update on CD40 and CD154 Blockade in Transplant Models (2015)

Generation of an effective immune response against foreign antigens requires two distinct molecular signals: a primary signal provided by the binding of antigen-specific T-cell receptor to peptide-MHC on antigen-presenting cells and a secondary signal delivered via the engagement of costimulatory molecules. Among various costimulatory signaling pathways, the interactions between CD40 and its ligand CD154 have been extensively investigated given their essential roles in the modulation of adaptive immunity. Here, we review current understanding of the role CD40/CD154 costimulation pathway has in alloimmunity, and summarize recent mechanistic and preclinical advances in the evaluation of candidate therapeutic approaches to target this receptor-ligand pair in transplantation.
Low temperature growth of ZnO thin films by filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique (2005)

A detailed study of zinc oxide (ZnO) films prepared by filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique (FCVA) was carried out, with an emphasis on the application of ZnO as a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), as well as the fabrication of a ZnO-based transparent thin film transistor (TFT). The films were characterized in the following aspects: structural, electrical and optical properties.
Rotational Temperature Estimation of CO at High Temperatures by Graphical Methods Using FT-IR Spectrometry (1991)

Rotational temperatures are obtained from gas-phase Fourier transformed infrared spectra of CO with the use of graphical methods over the temperature range 302 to 773 K. Peak absorbances of individual rovibrational transitions are corrected for instrumental distortion and are then fit to a Boltzmann distribution to obtain the rotational temperature of the gas. A solution to the convolution integral for FT-IR spectrometry is obtained by numerical integration. The equation relating observed peak absorbance, A obs , to true peak absorbance, A pm , ranging from one to five true peak absorbance units for triangularly apodized spectra is: [Formula: see text] where the resolution parameter, ρ, is equal to 1/(2Δ γ m ), γ m is the half-width at half-height (HWHH) of the absorption line in question, and Δ is the maximum optical retardation of the interferometer (here equal to 1 cm). In all cases, temperatures obtained by graphical analysis yielded gas temperatures within 10% of the actual temperatures. Experiments were also conducted to determine the CO rotational temperature in a premixed, low-pressure (64 Torr) CH 4 /N 2 O flame. CO temperatures for the premixed flame ranged from 1500 to 1700 K, indicating a large transferral of heat from the flame to the burner chamber.
Voltage Control and Stabilization of Distributed and Centralized DC Micro Grids (2015)

This paper describes a distributed DC micro grid voltage control strategy. Starting point is the small-signal modelling of DC/DC converters interfacing sources and loads to a DC supply bus. Based on this model, a stability analysis of the micro grid can be conducted. Voltage control is realized with a droop control technique. This proposed method is optimized for a DC micro grid with several distributed sources. It is shown, that different droop characteristic curves can influence the grid behavior of the source converters to realize a safe and reliable energy management of distributed resources and a stable operation of the grid. Finally, a proof of concept is being done with a case study on a small experimental grid with two distributed source converters and two loads. The measurement results and the performance of this method are presented.
Hepatitis C Virus Induces Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression, Leading to Enhanced Production of Beta Interferon and Interleukin-6 (2005)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) induces inflammatory signals, leading to hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas, and lymphomas. The mechanism of HCV involvement in the host's innate immune responses has not been well characterized. In this study, we analyzed expression and regulation of the entire panel of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in human B cells following HCV infection in vitro. Among all of the TLRs (TLRs 1 to 10) examined, only TLR4 showed an altered expression (a three- to sevenfold up-regulation) after HCV infection. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HCV-infected individuals also showed a higher expression level of TLR4 compared with those of healthy individuals. HCV infection significantly increased beta interferon (IFN-beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion from B cells, particularly after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The increased IFN-beta and IL-6 production was mediated by TLR4 induction, since the introduction of the small interfering RNA against TLR4 specifically inhibited the HCV-induced cytokine production. Among all of the viral proteins, only NS5A caused TLR4 induction in hepatocytes and B cells. NS5A specifically activated the promoter of the TLR4 gene in both hepatocytes and B cells. In conclusion, HCV infection directly induces TLR4 expression and thereby activates B cells, which may contribute to the host's innate immune responses.
Heterogeneous real-time trading strategies in the foreign exchange market (1995)

The foreign exchange (FX) market is worldwide, but the dealers differ in their geographical locations (time zones), working hours, time horizons, home currencies, access to information,transaction costs, and other institutional constraints. The variety of time horizones is large: from intra-day dealers, who close their positions every evening, to long-term investors and central banks. Depending on the constraints, the different market participats need different strategies to reach their goal, which is usually maximizing the profit, or rather a utility function including risk. Different intra-day trading strategies can be studied only if high-density data are available. Oslen & Associates (O & A) has collected and analysed large amounts of FX quotes by market makers around the clock (up to 5000 non-equally spaced prices per day for the German mark against US$). Based on these data, a set of real-time intra-day trading models has been developed. These models give explicit trading recommendations under realistic constraints. They are allowed to trade only during the opening hours of a market, depending on the time zone and local holidays. The models have been running real-time for more than three years, thus leading to an ex ante test. The test results, obtained with a risk-sensitive performance measure, are presented. All these trading models are profitable, but they differ in their risk behaviour and dealing frequency. If a certain profitable intra-day algorithm is tested with different working hours, its success can considerably change. A systematic study shows that the best choice of working hours is usually when the most important markets for the particular FX rate are active. All the results demonstrate that the assumption of a homogeneous 24-hour FX market with identical dealers, following an identical ‘rational expectation’, is far from reality. To explain the market dynamics, a heterogeneous model of the market with different types of dealers is more appropriate.
Cobalt and molybdenum concentrated suspension for soybean seed treatment (2009)

The concentrated suspension (CS), the basis of Mo trioxide, allows high Mo concentrations and is therefore a technical advance for seed treatment, since it allows the recommendation of the Mo at lower dosage than with the liquid solution formulations (LS). The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficiency and doses of fertilizer with Mo and Co in concentrated suspension in comparison with liquid solution as well as fertilizers associated with phytohormones, applied in seed treatments, and their effect on soybean yield. Two experiments were carried out in the growing seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 at the Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU).The first was conducted in an experimental area on the Fazenda Capim Branco, with six treatments and four replications: (1) Mo and Co (CS) - 22 g ha-1 + 1.08 g ha-1; (2) Mo and Co (CS) - 22 g ha-1 + + 1.08 g ha-1 + phytohormone -200 mL ha-1; 3) Mo and Co (LS), 20.7 g ha-1 + 4.13 g ha-1; 4) Mo and Co (LS), 20.7 g ha-1 + 4.13 g ha-1 + phytohormone -200 mL ha-1; (5) + control phytohormone-200 mL ha-1; and (6) control (free of Mo and Co in the seed treatment). The phytohormone consisted of: auxin (11 mg L-1) and cytokynin (0.031 mg L-1). The soybean cultivar Monsoy 8004 was used and a fertilization of 400 kg ha-1 of 02-20-20 NPK fertilizer was applied at sowing. Based on the results of the first experiment, the second was conducted on the Fazenda Floresta do Lobo, in Uberlândia, MG, evaluated in a randomized block design with nine treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of Mo and Co (g ha-1) doses applied to soybean seeds, as CS formulation (15, 25, 35, 45, 60 and 0.74; 1.23; 1.72; 2.21; 2.95) and LS- (15; 20; 25 and 3.18; 4.25; 5.31), respectively, and the control (free of Mo and Co in the seed treatment). The variety Monarch was used, fertilized with 300 kg ha-1 of NPK fertilizer (03-32-06) at sowing; and 78 kg ha-1 (K2O) in topdressing 30 days after soybean emergence. The Mo and Co doses in the seed treatment with LS and CS resulted in higher soybean yields than in the control, from 20 g ha-1 Mo and 4.25 g ha-1 Co in liquid solution and 35 g ha-1Mo and 1.72 g ha-1 Co in the concentrated suspension.
Duobinary carrier-suppressed return-to-zero format and its application to 100 GHz-spaced 8×43-Gbit/s DWDM unrepeatered transmission over 163 km (2002)

We propose the duobinary carrier-suppressed return-to-zero format; its bandwidth is less than 100 GHz at 43 Gbit/s. 100 GHz-spaced DWDM unrepeatered transmission is demonstrated over 163 km at +10 dBm/channel with the crosstalk penalty less than 1 dB.
Development of RFID EPC Gen2 Tag for Multi Access Control System (2013)

A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) use radio waves to identify an object, this technology become useful for the future because of the advantages. Access system using RFID card is commonly used in a building, parking area, housing complex, etc. This paper explore and develop the use of RFID EPC Class1 Gen2 tag for multipurpose access system for   identification and access control, such as personal identity identification, door access control and gate entry permit or access control. With the same tag Identity (ID) user can access many areas. RFID EPC Class1 Gen2 tag working at UHF band 902-928 MHz, this type of tag more suitable for multi access control because of scaterring technique in reading for the tag, as for gate access need longer distance read range. All users ID and information stored at the one central database, every transaction at the controlled were recorded in a control system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v3i6.3855
Amoeba-like self-oscillating polymeric fluids with autonomous sol-gel transition (2017)

In the field of polymer science, many kinds of polymeric material systems that show a sol-gel transition have been created. However, most systems are unidirectional stimuli-responsive systems that require physical signals such as a change in temperature. Here, we report on the design of a block copolymer solution that undergoes autonomous and periodic sol-gel transition under constant conditions without any on-off switching through external stimuli. The amplitude of this self-oscillation of the viscosity is about 2,000 mPa s. We also demonstrate an intermittent forward motion of a droplet of the polymer solution synchronized with the autonomous sol-gel transition. This polymer solution bears the potential to become the base for a type of slime-like soft robot that can transform its shape kaleidoscopically and move autonomously, which is associated with the living amoeba that moves forward by a repeated sol-gel transition.
Therapy of Postpartum Uterine Infections (1984)

Postpartum uterine infections are a common occurrence in cows in intensively managed dairy operations. The literature contains numerous reports of therapies for postpartum uterine infection but a paucity on the effects of these therapies upon subsequent fertility. If the pathology, endocrinology, and bacteriology of the peripartum period are understood, then a more rational therapeutic approach to management of postpartum uterine infections can be derived. In selecting therapies, the objective of restoring reproductive performance to normal should never be lost from sight.
Information Overload and the Message Dynamics of Online Interaction Spaces: A Theoretical Model and Empirical Exploration (2004)

Online spaces that enable shared public interpersonal communications are of significant social, organizational, and economic importance. In this paper, a theoretical model and associated unobtrusive method are proposed for researching the relationship between online spaces and the behavior they host. The model focuses on the collective impact that individual information-overload coping strategies have on the dynamics of open, interactive public online group discourse. Empirical research was undertaken to assess the validity of both the method and the model, based on the analysis of over 2.65 million postings to 600 Usenet newsgroups over a 6-month period. Our findings support the assertion that individual strategies for coping with “information overload” have an observable impact on large-scale online group discourse. Evidence was found for the hypotheses that: (1) users are more likely to respond to simpler messages in overloaded mass interaction; (2) users are more likely to end active participation as the overloading of mass interaction increases; and (3) users are more likely to generate simpler responses as the overloading of mass interaction grows. The theoretical model outlined offers insight into aspects of computer-mediated communication tool usability, technology design, and provides a road map for future empirical research.
The application of proteomics in defining the T cell antigens ofMycobacterium tuberculosis (2001)

The complete sequencing of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome offers a unique opportunity to fully elucidate the biology of this human pathogen. One aspect of significant importance is the definition of T cell antigens. This report describes the development and implementation of a proteomic approach to defining such antigens. Large quantities of subcellular protein fractions of M. tuberculosis were resolved by two-dimensional liquid phase electrophoresis (2-D LPE), resulting in 355 and 299 fractions of culture filtrate and cytosolic proteins, respectively. Analysis of these fractions against splenocytes of C57Bl/6 mice infected with M. tuberculosis resulted in the identification of 37 fractions that stimulated a dominant T cell response, as measured by the production of interferon-gamma. Additionally, when the 2-D LPE fractions were assayed against splenocytes harvested at 10 and 40 days post infection significant changes in the T cell response were observed. Molecular characterization of the proteins contained in each of the 38 immunodominant fractions by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry resulted in the identification of 30 individual proteins. Many of these represented previously defined antigens. However 17 of these proteins were novel T cell antigens. The data presented demonstrate that proteomics offers a rapid and facile approach for elucidation of immunodominant T cell antigens of pathogenic bacteria.