gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emerging Techniques for Field Device Security (2014)

Industrial control systems (ICSs) rely on embedded devices to control essential processes. State-of-the-art security solutions can't detect attacks on these devices at the hardware or firmware level. To improve ICS cybersecurity, defensive measures should focus on inspectability, trustworthiness, and diversity.
A taxonomy of task-based parallel programming technologies for high-performance computing (2018)

Task-based programming models for shared memory—such as Cilk Plus and OpenMP 3—are well established and documented. However, with the increase in parallel, many-core, and heterogeneous systems, a number of research-driven projects have developed more diversified task-based support, employing various programming and runtime features. Unfortunately, despite the fact that dozens of different task-based systems exist today and are actively used for parallel and high-performance computing (HPC), no comprehensive overview or classification of task-based technologies for HPC exists. In this paper, we provide an initial task-focused taxonomy for HPC technologies, which covers both programming interfaces and runtime mechanisms. We demonstrate the usefulness of our taxonomy by classifying state-of-the-art task-based environments in use today.
Ultra-Low Heat Leak YBCO Superconducting Leads for Cryoelectronic Applications (2009)

We report on high temperature superconductor (HTS) DC current leads developed for the specific purpose of delivering small currents (<100 mA) to cryocooled electronic devices operating at 4 K, with significantly reduced heat leak. Multi-stage cryocoolers can provide a suitable platform for niobium-based superconducting electronics at 4 K; the necessary multiple parallel biasing of the circuitry can result in total currents of several amps, which can produce substantial thermal loading of the cryocooler when conventional resistive leads are used. Our approach has been to adapt the comparatively mature technology of high-current second-generation (2G) YBCO-coated conductor tape to low current needs by splitting the tape into electrically isolated narrow lines by ion milling. Performance issues discussed are: obtained critical currents, thermal conductance of the composite conductors, line-to-line electrical isolation, resistance of the joints and robustness. Operation as a current lead between the first and second stage of a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler is reported.
Le Centre québécois de P.E.N. international a 75 ans (2001)

N international a 75 ans La littrature, quelle que soit son origine nationale, ne connat pas de frontires et devrait rester une valeur commune aux nations en dpit des bouleversements politiques et internationaux.P .E.N. EST UNE ASSOCIATION MONDIALE D' ECRIVAINS.L'acronyme P.E.N. est driv du mot anglais plume , dont les trois lettres reprsentent galement les mots poets, essayists, novelists (potes, essayistes, nouveUistes -romanciers
Exciton–erbium coupling and the excitation dynamics of Er3+ in erbium-doped silicon-rich silicon oxide (2001)

The exciton–erbium coupling and the excitation dynamics of Er3+ in erbium-doped silicon-rich silicon oxide are investigated using time-resolved measurements of Er3+ luminescence. The dependence of the Er3+ luminescence on the pump power and duration indicates that the exciton–erbium coupling is dominant over carrier–exciton coupling. The results further support the idea that the luminescent Er3+ ions are not in the Si nanoclusters but in the interface region surrounding the nanoclusters.
Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of a novel controlled-release oxycodone formulation and controlled-release hydromorphone in the treatment of cancer pain (1997)

Controlled-release oxycodone demonstrated excellent pharmacodynamic characteristics, analgesic efficacy, and safety as compared with controlled-release hydromorphone and represents an important new therapeutic option for cancer pain management.
The great moderation of inflation: a structural analysis of recent U.S. monetary business cycles (2012)

The authors acknowledge financial support from the Spanish government (research projects ECO2010-16970 and ECO2011-24304 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion y Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, respectively).
Serotonin selective antidepressant drugs: past, present, future. (1993)

Classic antidepressant drugs, amine uptake inhibitors of the imipramine type and the monoamine oxidase inhibitors, alter the functioning of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) neurons in the brain. This discovery, made more than two decades ago, has had a profound impact on the study of depressive illness as well as on the development of new models of antidepressant treatment. Apart from their obvious clinical value, antidepressant drugs have come to be used as research tools to study the pathophysiology of depressive illness. A main goal in the development of antidepressant drugs has been to design drugs with more selective effects on the nerve cells that are thought to be important in depressive illness, thereby avoiding unnecessary side effects and possibly enhancing therapeutic effects. Drugs that selectively affect 5-HT neurons have proved to be uptake inhibitors--including fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, and citalopram--and are now available. All of them appear to have an antidepressant effect equivalent to standard reference compounds, with a different spectrum of side effects. One of the most interesting aspects of the serotonergic drugs is their broad spectrum of action, in particular, their effects in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and possibly some disorders of impulse control. There is still relatively little knowledge of which aspects of 5-HT function are important for the antidepressant, antiobsessive, and antipanic effects. The availability of drugs that selectively affect the different 5-HT receptors, such as the partial 5-HT1A agonist gepirone, will presumably be helpful for modern studies of the "anatomy of melancholy."
Cross-platform Development for Wearable Devices (2015)

The market for wearable devices is continuously growing and has seen an in- crease in interest and demand this past year, specifically smartwatch devices. With several big players entering and trying to take place in the market the number of devices and platforms grow. This leads to device and software fragmentation like the one seen in the world of smartphones. In this paper I discuss and compare the two smartwatch platforms Android Wear and Apple Watch in terms of possibilities, limitations and differences. Research is done to find cross-platform development possibilities for these platforms. Extensive theoretical background of both APIs is researched and presented. An app for both smartwatch platforms is developed with integration of the WebSocket protocol to function as a remote control for a Video-On-Demand web service. This is done to showcase the cross-platform possibilities and differences of the platforms. As a result the biggest differences are out- lined and a conclusion is made that cross-platform development for these platforms can be challenging but is possible on certain levels.
AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb phototransistors for 2-μm remote sensing applications (2004)

Two-micron detectors are critical for atmospheric CO2 profiling using the lidar technique. InGaAs and HgCdTe detectors are commercially available for this wavelength but they lack sufficient gain, which limits their detectivity. The characterization results of a novel AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb phototransistor for 2-µm application are reported. The device was developed by AstroPower, Inc. for NASA Langley Research Center. Spectral response measurements showed the highest responsivity in a 1.9- to 2.1-µm region with a maximum value of 2650 A/W at 2 µm. A 2-µm detectivity of 3.9×1011 cm Hz1/2/W was obtained, which corresponds to noise equivalent power of 4.6×10–14 W/Hz1/2.
Rapid Visco Analysis of Food Protein Pastes (2013)

Whey protein isolate (WPI) powders are used in many formulations to boost nutrients. To predict the pasting behavior of proteins, WPI was tested under varying temperatures, using the Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA), under pasting temperatures from 65 to 75C, RVA speeds from 100 to 500 rpm and protein concentrations from 2.5 to 40%. The optimal pasting profiles for WPI were obtained at 75C, 300 rpm and 30% protein concentration. The concentrations of the other food proteins evaluated were calcium caseinate (CC) 20%, egg albumin (EA) 20%, soy protein isolate (SPI) 10% and extrusion-texturized whey protein isolates (tWPI) 30%. Multiple (12) RVA pasting runs of WPI resulted in a superimposed profile with peak paste value of 1.50 ± 0.3 Pa·s and a standard error of ± 0.43 Pa·s. The RVA pasting peaks (Pa·s) were: CC (6.2), EA (4.6), SPI (0.6) and tWPI (1.7). Protein concentration needed for RVA pasting profile ranged from 5 to 30%. Practical Applications The rate of change in protein viscosity with respect to temperature can be measured using the RVA. Understanding how the pasting viscoelastic behavior of food proteins change with heating can help predict the type of networks formed during food manufacturing. Rapid assays of protein pastes will help avoid flow problems that may result from protein coagulation during food processing.
Electrochemical Measurement of the β-Galactosidase Reporter from Live Cells: A Comparison to the Miller Assay (2015)

In order to match our ability to conceive of and construct cells with enhanced function, we must concomitantly develop facile, real-time methods for elucidating performance. With these, new designs can be tested in silico and steps in construction incrementally validated. Electrochemical monitoring offers the above advantages largely because signal transduction stems from direct electron transfer, allowing for potentially quicker and more integrated measurements. One of the most common genetic reporters, β-galactosidase, can be measured both spectrophotometrically (Miller assay) and electrochemically. However, since the relationship between the two is not well understood, the electrochemical methods have not yet garnered the attention of biologists. With the aim of demonstrating the utility of an electrochemical measurement to the synthetic biology community, we created a genetic construct that interprets and reports (with β-galactosidase) on the concentration of the bacterial quorum sensing molecule autoinducer-2. In this work, we provide a correlation between electrochemical measurements and Miller Units. We show that the electrochemical assay works with both lysed and whole cells, allowing for the prediction of one from the other, and for continuous monitoring of cell response. We further present a conceptually simple and generalized mathematical model for cell-based β-galactosidase reporter systems that could aid in building and predicting a variety of synthetic biology constructs. This first-ever in-depth comparison and analysis aims to facilitate the use of electrochemical real-time monitoring in the field of synthetic biology as well as to facilitate the creation of constructs that can more easily communicate information to electronic systems.
Harmonic analysis for cognitive vision: perisaccadic perception (2009)

The data model for image representation in terms of projective Fourier transform (PFT) is well adapted to both image perspective transformations and the retinotopic mappings of the brain visual pathways. Here we model first aspects of the human visual process in which the understanding of a scene is built up in a sequence of fixations for visual information acquisition followed by fast saccadic eye movements that reposition the fovea on the next target. We make about three saccades per second with an eyeball's maximum speed of 700 deg/sec. The visual sensitivity is markedly reduced during saccadic eye movements such that, three times per second, there are instant large changes in the retinal images without almost any information consciously carried across fixations. Inverse Projective Fourier transform is computable by FFT in coordinates given by a complex logarithm that also approximates the retinotopy. Thus, it gives the cortical image representation, and a simple translation in log coordinates brings the presaccadic scene into the postsaccadic reference frame, eliminating the need for starting processing anew three times per second at each fixation.
Combined Inhibitory Effects of Celecoxib and Fluvastatin on the Growth of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Nude Mice (2010)

This study was designed to investigate the in vivo growth inhibitory effects of celecoxib, a cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, and fluvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, on the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, BEL-7402. Athymic nude mice implanted with BEL-7402 cells were given celecoxib and fluvastatin, either alone or in combination, and the effect of treatment on tumour growth was evaluated after 6 weeks. The combination of celecoxib and fluvastatin enhanced inhibition of tumour growth, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumour cell proliferation, and inhibition of tumour angiogenesis compared with either treatment alone. The combination of celecoxib and fluvastatin also increased levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Waf1/Cip1), decreased levels of p-Akt, myeloid cell leukaemia-1 (Mcl-1) and survivin protein, but had no effect on Akt protein levels in tumours. These results suggest that celecoxib combined with fluvastatin would be more efficacious for the treatment of HCC than either treatment alone and this combination of therapy warrants further research.
Efficient Privacy-Preserving Biometric Identification (2011)

We present an efficient matching protocol that can be used in many privacy-preserving biometric identification systems in the semi-honest setting. Our most general technical contribution is a new backtracking protocol that uses the byproduct of evaluating a garbled circuit to enable efficient oblivious information retrieval. We also present a more efficient protocol for computing the Euclidean distances of vectors, and optimized circuits for finding the closest match between a point held by one party and a set of points held by another. We evaluate our protocols by implementing a practical privacy-preserving fingerprint matching system. 1
THE DISTRIBUTION OF BISMUTH(III) AND POLONIUM(IV) BETWEEN HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND TRILAURYLAMINE SOLUTIONS (1962)

A study was made of the distribution of bismuth(III) and polonium(IV) between HCl and HBr and xylene solutions of trilaurylamine at 25 deg C. Graphs of the distribution vs acid concentrations are given. Both bismuth(III) and polonium(IV) have second-power amine concentration dependences for both HCl and HBr, indicating that the species in the organic phase is BiX/sub 5/(HAm)/sub 2/ and PoX/sub 6/(HAm)/sub 3/, where HAm is the protonated trilaurylamine. Stripping experiments were carried out on ihe organic phase using various stripping agents. The general features of amine extraction of metal ions are discussed. (D.L.C.)
Design and Development of a Contactless Planar Capacitive Sensor (2013)

The measurement of vital signs is a risk-free, inexpensive, and reproducible clinical practice that enables identification of physiological deterioration of patients before an adverse event occurs. However, studies show that manual clinical measurements of respiratory rate are intermittent, biased, and inaccurate. Therefore, a contactless planar capacitive sensor was developed and evaluated against a clinical reference method. Results show that the sensor is accurate (i.e. strong agreement with an average ICC value of 0.99 and an average BSI coefficient of 2.76 < 4 breaths/min clinical threshold) and unbiased (i.e. average mean difference of -0.02 breaths/min). The sensor has promise for respiratory rate monitoring of bedridden patients even during shallow breathing. Future work includes addressing technology limitations, conducting a clinical pilot with a diverse patient population, and exploring potential in sleep quality assessment.
How Well Do Search Engines Support Code Retrieval on the Web? (2011)

Software developers search the Web for various kinds of source code for diverse reasons. In a previous study, we found that searches varied along two dimensions: the size of the search target (e.g., block, subsystem, or system) and the motivation for the search (e.g., reference example or as-is reuse). Would each of these kinds of searches require different search technologies? To answer this question, we conducted an experiment with 36 participants to evaluate three diverse approaches (general purpose information retrieval, source code search, and component reuse), as represented by five Web sites (Google, Koders, Krugle, Google Code Search, and SourceForge). The independent variables were search engine, size of search target, and motivation for search. The dependent variable was the participants judgement of the relevance of the first ten hits. We found that it was easier to find reference examples than components for as-is reuse and that participants obtained the best results using a general-purpose information retrieval site. However, we also found an interaction effect: code-specific search engines worked better in searches for subsystems, but Google worked better on searches for blocks. These results can be used to guide the creation of new tools for retrieving source code from the Web.
On crystallite size dependence of phase stability of nanocrystalline TiO2 (2003)

Stability of anatase phase component present in commercial grade nanocrystalline powder of TiO2, synthesized from gas phase, is studied. Powders are heated at elevated temperatures under ambient conditions. X-ray and electron diffractometric studies are done to measure the microstructural parameters like crystallite size and rms strain. With annealing crystallite sizes of both anatase and rutile phases show a marginal increase up to 600 °C, beyond this temperature anatase phase transforms to rutile phase and the crystallite size of rutile phase increases rapidly. Annealing at 1000 °C resulted in the growth of hexagonal shaped crystallite of rutile phase oriented parallel to (110) plane. A detailed analysis of the dislocation arrangements in these nanosized crystallites is made from the x-ray diffraction data. The results of analysis show that at higher temperatures polygonization of the dislocations with lowering of dislocation density at the grain boundary possibly favors the growth of larger sized crystallites of rutile phase. High values of dislocation density obtained for anatase give evidence of piling up of dislocations and thereby increases the strain energy of the lattice. The increase in stored energy may be responsible for the observed changes in the lattice parameter for the anatase phase. Thus, it appears that the disordered lattice of anatase favors its transformfiation to rutile structure.
Database support for very large hypertexts (1990)

this paper. In England, Parliament enacts statutes and Figure 1 shows related documents which have a bearing on the meaning of a particular section in an Act of Parliament. A section represents the smallest self-contained free-standing unit of text although subsections may be directly cited sometimes. A section is a mere point in the textual hypermedium and can rarely be consulted alone or understood without reference to other documents. For many purposes, sections are grouped together into parts or paragraphs into schedules. As any of the information in the Figure 1 may have a bearing on a section in question, it can readily be seen that advanced hypertext features are needed if all the relevant subject matter is to be available and easily reached in the electronic medium. Our work can be contrasted with that of Yoder and Wettach [13] who have also developed a hypertext system for the law. Their system is very flexible in the forms of data accepted but lacks a formal data model for controlling structures and for providing a general means of manipulating the data.
Synthesis of New Benzimidazole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents (1991)

Barbiturates 3 as possible antimicrobial agents were obtained by reacting the N,N'-disubstituted urea 1a or the thiourea analogues 1b,c with the magic malonates 2a,b. On the other hand, reaction of 1a with ethoxycarbonyl isocyanate (4) yielded the substituted s-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione 5. The reaction of 4 with 2-aminomethyl-benzimidazole (6) gave the allophanate 7 which upon treatment with Na2CO3 yielded N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)urea 8.
Histamine regulates cytokine production in maturing dendritic cells, resulting in altered T cell polarization (2001)

Atopic diseases such as allergy and asthma are characterized by increases in Th2 cells and serum IgE antibodies.The binding of allergens to IgE on mast cells triggers the release of several mediators, of which histamine is the most prevalent.Here we show that histamine, together with a maturation signal, acts directly upon immature dendritic cells (iDCs), profoundly altering their T cell polarizing capacity.We demonstrate that iDCs express two active histamine receptors, H1 and H2.Histamine did not significantly affect the LPS-driven maturation of iDCs with regard to phenotypic changes or capacity to prime naive T cells, but it dramatically altered the repertoire of cytokines and chemokines secreted by mature DCs.In particular, histamine, acting upon the H2 receptor for a short period of time, increased IL-10 production and reduced IL-12 secretion.As a result, histamine-matured DCs polarized naive CD4 + T cells toward a Th2 phenotype, as compared with DCs that had matured in the absence of histamine.We propose that the Th2 cells favor IgE production, leading to increased histamine secretion by mast cells, thus creating a positive feedback loop that could contribute to the severity of atopic diseases.
Lithium Isotope Separation by Electrolysis (1950)

Two approaches to lithium isotope separation have been followed in this research and are described and compared. One is electrolysis in non-aqueous systems at high cathode efficiency. The other is electrolysis in aqueous systems with anode depolarizers.
Utilization of Multiple‐Stage Sintering to Control Ni Electrode Continuity in Ultrathin Ni–BaTiO <sub>3</sub> Multilayer Capacitors (2007)

Microstructural control in thin‐layer multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) is one of the present‐day challenges for maintaining an increase in capacitive volumetric efficiency. The present paper continues a series of investigations aimed at understanding and controlling the microstructural stability of ultrathin Ni electrodes in MLCCs. Here, a kinetic approach based on the control of sintering profiles is used. Ni–BaTiO 3 MLCC chips (0805‐type with 300 active layers) are nonisothermally sintered up to 900°–1300°C with different heating rates in the range from 200° to 3000°C/h. In general, the continuity of the Ni electrodes increases with heating rate. However, a strong nonlinear dependence of Ni electrode continuity on sintering temperature is observed. It is concluded that a low‐melting interfacial liquid (Ni,Ba,Ti) alloy layer initiates at temperatures between 1000° and 1100°C when the Ni electrodes are under tension. This interfacial liquid phase accelerates a stress‐induced diffusion and is the key cause of the severe electrode discontinuities during heating. At higher temperatures (above 1100°C), where compressive stresses are active, the interfacial liquid alloy layer facilitates some recovery of the Ni electrode microstructure. The formation of the interfacial liquid alloy layer can be kinetically controlled using fast‐heating rates, which improves the Ni electrode continuity.