gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Acute Uremic Encephalopathy Associated with Reversible Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesion. (2008)

Department of Internal Medicine1, Radiology2, College of Medicine, Kwandong University, Goyang, Korea Uremic encephalopathy is a well-known complication in uremia and rarely occurs with involuntary movements which represent basal ganglia lesion. We experienced a cases of recurrent acute uremic encephalopathy associated with reversible bilateral basal ganglia lesion. A 49-year-old man with end stage renal disease due to diabetic nephropathy on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) treatment for the last 2 months was admitted for mental change. His blood sugar was 60 mg/dl, and his mentality was recovered after glucose solution infusion. Five days after admission, he suddenly developed dysarthria and chorea. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated low and high signals on bilateral basal ganglia in T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, respectively. After intensified CAPD treatment, his neurologic manifestations were resolved. One month after discharge, follow-up brain MRI showed decreased size of low attenuation on the basal ganglia. Two months later, he repeatedly developed dysarthria and involuntary movement of extremities. Newly developed bilateral symmetric T1 low and T2 high signal lesion on the basal ganglia was repeatedly observed on brain MRI. At that time, (his) Kt/V was 1.33. So we decided on him to switch from CAPD to hemodialysis, after then his symptoms disappeared.
Total CO<sub>2</sub>, Pco<sub>2</sub>, and pH in human spinal fluid (1961)

The relationships between pH, CO, tension and total CO2 in spinal fluid and arterial blood were explored in 12 normal individuals and 15 patients with various diseases. It was found that, in the normal subjects, the pH in the spinal fluid was constant, with a mean of 7.31 and 99 % confidence interval of 7.29–7.33. The pH in the spinal fluid was lower than that of the arterial blood in all patients studied, whereas the CO2 tension was found to average 4 mm Hg higher in the spinal fluid than in the arterial blood in most of the normal subjects studied. The pK 1 ' was calculated for each patient's spinal fluid and arterial blood by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. In contrast to tonometry experiments, pK 1 ' showed marked individual variations. The factors responsible for these variations are delineated. Submitted on November 7, 1960
Three-Dimensional Seeding of Chondrocytes Encapsulated in Collagen Gel into PLLA Scaffolds (2002)

Tissue engineering approaches have been clinically tried to repair damaged articular cartilages. It is an essential step to uniformly seed chondrocytes into 3D scaffolds in order to reconstruct tissue-engineered cartilages in vitro, but the tissue engineering could not have been provided with efficient cell seeding methods. Type I collagen is clinically used and known as a cytocompatible material, having recognition sites for integrins. Collagen gel encapsulating chondrocytes has been tried for making regenerated cartilages, but it is found difficult to have the gel keep its original shape after long-term culture, because of shrinking. On the other hand, 3D scaffolds, either of a nonwoven structure or a sponge-like structure, involve difficulty in that chondrocytes could not be uniformly seeded, although they have adequate initial mechanical properties. In this study, by combining collagen gelation with a nonwoven PLLA scaffold, we achieved uniform cell seeding into the 3D scaffold. Bovine articular chondrocytes were mixed with type I collagen solution, and the solution was poured into the nonwoven PLLA scaffold (1.5 mm thick, f 15 mm). The collagen–chondrocyte mixture was made into gel at 37°C for 1 h. The 0.39% collagen mixture was viscous enough to prevent cells from precipitating during gelation. Almost all chondrocytes were able to be incorporated into the PLLA scaffolds by mixing with collagen solution and subsequently making into gel, while 30–40% of the chondrocytes seeded as a cell suspension were not trapped into the PLLA scaffolds. The method presented, where chondrocytes were mixed with collagen solution, and the mixture was incorporated into a 3D scaffold, then made into gel in the scaffold, could serve as an alternative for in vitro cartilage regeneration, also simultaneously having the advantages of both materials.
Surface Display of the Receptor-Binding Region of the Lactobacillus brevis S-Layer Protein in Lactococcus lactis Provides Nonadhesive Lactococci with the Ability To Adhere to (2003)

Lactobacillus brevis is a promising lactic acid bacterium for use as a probiotic dietary adjunct and a vaccine vector. The N-terminal region of the S-layer protein (SlpA) of L. brevis ATCC 8287 was recently shown to mediate adhesion to various human cell lines in vitro. In this study, a surface display cassette was constructed on the basis of this SlpA receptor-binding domain, a proteinase spacer, and an autolysin anchor. The cassette was expressed under control of the nisA promoter in Lactococcus lactis NZ9000. Western blot assay of lactococcal cell wall extracts with anti-SlpA antibodies confirmed that the SlpA adhesion domain of the fusion protein was expressed and located within the cell wall layer. Whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence microscopy verified that the SlpA adhesion-mediating region was accessible on the lactococcal cell surface. In vitro adhesion assays with the human intestinal epithelial cell line Intestine 407 indicated that the recombinant lactococcal cells had gained an ability to adhere to Intestine 407 cells significantly greater than that of wild-type L. lactis NZ9000. Serum inhibition assay further confirmed that adhesion of recombinant lactococci to Intestine 407 cells was indeed mediated by the N terminus-encoding part of the slpA gene. The ability of the receptor-binding region of SlpA to adhere to fibronectin was also confirmed with this lactococcal surface display system. These results show that, with the aid of the receptor-binding region of the L. brevis SlpA protein, the ability to adhere to gut epithelial cells can indeed be transferred to another, nonadhesive, lactic acid bacterium.
Dynamic frequency support by photovoltaic generation with “synthetic” inertia and frequency droop control (2017)

Recently solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation increases rapidly all over the world. Because of variability, uncertainty, stability and reliability of power system with high penetration of PV generation faces challenges. Frequency stability is one most important thing for power system. In this paper, “synthetic” inertia control and frequency droop control for PV power generation is proposed, with de-loaded operation. “synthetic” inertia control is used to prevent frequency change rate once disturbance occurs, and differential of frequency signal is leaded into control structure of PV inverter. Frequency droop control is used to re-establish frequency after disturbance, using deviation between frequency and its reference. PV power generation, with control method demonstrated as above, is performed in software DIgSILENT PowerFactory, to evaluate the dynamic frequency support capability of PV power generation to power system. The simulation results are demonstrated that PV generation is capable to support dynamic frequency.
Order from chaos: A meta‐analysis of supply chain complexity and firm performance (2021)

Abstract Increased globalization, varying customer requirements, extended product lines, uncertainty regarding supplier performance, and myriad related factors make supply chains utterly complex. While previous research indicates that supply chain complexity plays an important role in explaining performance outcomes, the accumulating evidence is ambiguous. Thus, a finer‐grained analysis is required. By meta‐analyzing 27,668 observations across 102 independent samples from 123 empirical studies, we examine the link between supply chain complexity and firm performance. While the preponderance of evidence from previous studies identifies supply chain complexity as detrimental to firm performance, our results illustrate that although supply chain complexity has a negative effect on operational performance, it has a positive effect on innovation performance and financial performance. Furthermore, we also distinguish among different levels of supply chain (i.e., upstream, downstream, and internal) and observe nuanced findings. Finally, our findings also reveal moderating effects of construct operationalization and study design characteristics. We discuss implications for theory and practice and provide avenues for future research.
Functional biomimetic nanoparticles for drug delivery and theranostic applications in cancer treatment (2018)

Nanotechnology has been extensively utilized in the design and development of powerful strategies for drug delivery and cancer theranostic. Nanoplatforms as a drug delivery system have many advantages such as <i>in vivo</i> imaging, combined drug delivery, extended circulation time, and systemic controlled release. The functional biomimetic drug delivery could be realized by incorporating stimuli-responsive (pH, temperature, redox potential, etc.) properties into the nanocarrier system, allowing them to bypass biological barriers and arrive at the targeted area. In this review, we discuss the role of internal stimuli-responsive nanocarrier system for imaging and drug delivery in cancer therapy. The development of internal stimuli-responsive nanoparticles is highlighted for precision drug delivery applications, with a particular focus on <i>in vivo</i> imaging, drug release performance, and therapeutic benefits.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Demonstrates That Fidaxomicin Is Superior to Vancomycin for Preventing Reinfection and Relapse of Infection With Clostridium difficile (2013)

Whole-genome sequencing was used to determine whether the reductions in recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection observed with fidaxomicin in pivotal phase 3 trials occurred by preventing relapse of the same infection, by preventing reinfection with a new strain, or by preventing both outcomes. Paired isolates of C. difficile were available from 93 of 199 participants with recurrences (28 were treated with fidaxomicin, and 65 were treated with vancomycin). Given C. difficile evolutionary rates, paired samples ≤2 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) apart were considered relapses, paired samples >10 SNVs apart were considered reinfection, and those 3-10 SNVs apart (or without whole-genome sequences) were considered indeterminate in a competing risks survival analysis. Fidaxomicin reduced the risk of both relapse (competing risks hazard ratio [HR], 0.40 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .25-.66]; P = .0003) and reinfection (competing risks HR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.11-1.01]; P = .05).
Design of a Compliant Press-Fit Pin Connection (1985)

A design method for a compliant press-fit pin connection in a plated through hole (PTH) is presented. In this connection, both compliant press-fit pin and PTH cause elastic-plastic deformation. Considering this feature, three fundamental design concepts for this connection are discussed. First, three design conditions are set: 1) the upper limit of pin insertion force to protect the copper plate of the inner PTH, 2) the lower limit of pin retention force to accomplish reliable wire wrapping connection, and 3) acceptable PTH diameter tolerance. Second, the deformation and radial force characteristics were studied for both pin and PTH. These characteristics were numerically analyzed by using the elastic-plastic finite element method (FEM). According to actual connection states, the pin edge indentation effect into the plated copper is taken into consideration for the PTH deformation characteristics. Finally, the design point was determined, where the pin and PTH radial forces balance. This design point should satisfy the above-mentioned three conditions. An example of a compliant press-fit pin with N-shaped cross section was studied. Results from the numerical analysis are compared with those obtained from experiments. The two results compare favor- ably.
Disruption of the blood‐brain interface in neonatal rat neocortex induces a transient expression of metallothionein in reactive astrocytes (1995)

Exposure of the adult rat brain parenchyma to zinc induces an increase in the intracerebral expression of the metal-binding protein, metallothionein, which is normally confined to astrocytes, ependymal cells, choroid plexus epithelial cells, and brain endothelial cells. Metallothionein is expressed only in diminutive amounts in astrocytes of the neonatal rat brain, which could imply that neonatal rats are devoid of the capacity to detoxify free metals released from a brain wound. In order to examine the influence of a brain injury on the expression of metallothionein in the neonatal brain, PO rats were subjected to a localized freeze lesion of the neocortex of the right temporal cortex. This lesion results in a disrupted blood-brain interface, leading to extravasation of plasma proteins. From 16 h, reactive astrocytosis, defined as an increase in the number and size of cells expressing GFAP and vimentin, was observed surrounding the neocortical lesion site. Astrocytes and pial cells situated adjacent to the area of injury also became positively stained for metallothionein. At 3-6 days post-lesion, the highest level of reactive astrocytes expressing metallothionein was observed. Neo-Timm staining revealed that histochemically reactive zinc had disappeared from the lesion site. Extracellular albumin and metallothionein-positive astrocytes were absent approximately 2 weeks after the lesion, whereas reactive astrocytosis was still observed. These results show that a lesion of the neonatal rat brain induces a transient expression of metallothionein in reactive astrocytes, probably as a response to metals released from the site of the brain injury.
Testing a Formula SAE Racecar on a Seven-Poster Vehicle Dynamics Simulator (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Vehicle dynamics simulation is one of the newest and most valuable technologies being applied in the racing world today. Professional designers and race teams are investing heavily to test and improve the dynamics of their suspension systems through this new technology. This paper discusses the testing of one of Clemson University's most recent Formula SAE racecars on a seven-poster vehicle dynamics simulator; commonly known as a “shaker rig.” Testing of the current dampers using a shock dynamometer was conducted prior to testing and results are included for further support of conclusions. The body of the paper is a discussion of the setup and testing procedures involved with the dynamic simulator. The results obtained from the dynamic simulator tests are then analyzed in conjunction with the shock dynamometer results. Conclusions are formed from test results and methods for future improvements to be applied in Formula SAE racing are suggested.</div>
Studies on the Ship-fouling Alga Enteromorpha II. The Effect of Certain Enzymes on the Adhesion of Zoospores (1970)

A method for assessing the adhesion of settled zoospores of Enteromorpha intestinalis is described. Using this method, the effect of certain enzymes on the attachment process has been studied and the biochemical nature of the secreted adhesive inferred from the results. Although considerable variation in adhesive ability has been shown to exist between spores from different parent sources certain enzymes produce a consistent weakening action on adhesion. Trypsin, pronase, and a-amylase are especially active in this respect. The experimental results demonstrate that the α-amylase effect, although not quite so great as that of the two proteolytic enzymes is, however, genuine. In conjunction with the previous paper it has been shown that adhesive production is a rapid process, completed within minutes of initial contact and that at this early stage the adhesive material is particularly susceptible to proteolytic attack. The results offer the possibility of a biological method for the control of algal fouling.
Enantioselective Synthesis of <i>α</i>-Hydroxy Acids Employing (1<i>S</i>)-(+)-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Diisopropyl-10-camphorsulfonamide as Chiral Auxiliary (1999)

Lewis acid (BF3·OEt2) catalyzed condensation of dimethoxy acetal 2 with α-hydroxy acids produces chiral 1,3-dioxolanones I. The enolates derived from these compounds undergo reactions with alkyl halides with a high level of diastereoselectivity. Subsequent hydrolysis of these alkylated products II gives mono- and disubstituted α-hydroxy acids III with high enantiomeric excesses.
Schiff bases of indoline-2,3-dione (isatin) with potential antiproliferative activity (2012)

Variable antiproliferative activity was revealed with the investigated mixtures M1-M22 and the individual compounds 1-11(A-K). Most of the tested mixtures and several individual Schiff bases displayed high potency with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. A considerable selectivity of some individual compounds to the tumorigenic K562 cell line compared with the non-tumorigenic MCF-12A cell line was observed as indicated by their selectivity index (SI).
Experimental Measurement of Dolphin Thrust Generated during a Tail Stand Using DPIV (2018)

Estimation of force generated by dolphins has long been debated. The problem was that indirect estimates of force production for dolphins resulted in low values that could not be validated. Bubble digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) measured hydrodynamic force production for swimming dolphins and demonstrated high force production. To validate the bubble DPIV and reconcile force production measurements, two bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) performing tail stands were measured with bubble DPIV. Microbubbles were generated from a finely porous hose and compressed air source. Displacement of the bubbles by the propulsive motions of the dolphin was tracked with a high-speed video camera. Oscillations of the dolphin flukes generated strong vortices and a downward directed jet flow into the wake. Application of the Kutta–Joukowski theorem measuring vortex circulations yielded forces up to 997.3 N. Another video camera recorded body height above the water surface to determine the mass-force of the dolphin above the water surface. For the dolphin to hold its position above the water surface, the mass-force approximately balanced the vertical hydrodynamic force from the flukes. The results demonstrated the fluke motions generate high sustained forces roughly equal to the dolphin’s weight out of the water. Bubble DPIV validated high forces measured previously for thrust generated in swimming by animals and demonstrated a more accurate technique compared to standard aerodynamic analysis.
Acid strip mine lake recovery (1974)

Ecological problems associated with runoff of acid water from coal strip mines are well known, and the papers documenting such deterioration of aquatic ecosystems are many. Many investigators have shown that the sources of this acid are the iron-sulfur pyrites and marcasites left on the surface after the coal has been removed. Oxidation products of these minerals are washed from the spoil banks by rain, and the resulting acid water col lects in depressions to form acid strip mine lakes. Overflow from such lakes is of sig nificant detriment to downstream areas, and in the acid condition these lakes are
H.264/AVC to wavelet-based scalable video transcoding supporting multiple coding configurations (2010)

Scalable Video Coding (SVC) enables low complexity adaptation of the compressed video, providing an efficient solution for video content delivery through heterogeneous networks and to different displays. However, legacy video and most commercially available content capturing devices use conventional non-scalable coding, e.g., H.264/AVC. This paper proposes an efficient transcoder from H.264/AVC to a wavelet-based SVC to exploit the advantages offerend by the SVC technology. The proposed transcoder is able to cope with different coding configurations in H.264/AVC, such as IPP or IBBP with multiple reference frames. To reduce the transcoder's complexity, motion information and presence of the residual data extracted from the decoded H.264/AVC video are exploited. Experimental results show a good performance of the proposed transcoder in terms of decoded video quality and system complexity.
Compiler Construction of Idempotent Regions (2011)

Recovery functionality has many applications in computing systems, from speculation recovery in modern microprocessors to fault recovery in high-reliability systems. Modern systems commonly recover using checkpoints. However, checkpoints introduce overheads, add complexity, and often conservatively save more state than necessary. This paper develops a compiler technique to recover program state without the overheads of explicit checkpoints. Our technique breaks programs into idempotent regions -- regions that can be freely re-executed -- which allows recovery without checkpointed state. Leveraging the property of idempotence, recovery can be obrained by simple re-execution. We develop static analysis techniques to construct these regions in a compiler, and demonstrate low overheads and large region sizes using an LLVM-based implementation. Across a set of diverse benchmark suites, we construct idempotent regions almost as large as those that could be obtained with perfect runtime information. Although the resulting code runs slower, typical execution time overheads are in the range of just 2-12%.
EFFECT OF DEXAMETHASONE ON THE ASSEMBLY OF THE MATRIX OF FIBRONECTIN AND ON ITS RECEPTORS ORGANIZATION IN EHLERS‐DANLOS SYNDROME SKIN FIBROBLASTS (1998)

The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on the expression of fibronectin (FN), proalpha(1)(I) collagen (Col1), integrin alpha(2), alpha(5)and beta(1)subunits mRNAs, were studied by quantitative in situ hybridization (ISH) with radiolabelled probes in relationship with the organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of FN in human skin fibroblasts. In particular, two fibroblast strains were analysed, one derived from a control donor, typically organizing a rich ECM of FN, and the other from a patient affected by Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), which did not assemble the FN-ECM. Treatment of both fibroblast strains with 10(-7) m DEX slightly enhanced the level of FN mRNA (by about 1.5-fold), did not influence the level of alpha(5)subunit mRNA and reduced Col1, alpha(2)and beta(1)integrin subunits mRNAs by 2-3-fold. These results show that, in these cells, DEX coordinately downregulates the expression of Col1 and its specific integrin alpha(2)beta(1). Moreover, DEX regulates in a different manner the alpha(5)and beta(1)subunits forming the main FN receptor (FNR) in skin fibroblasts. Immunofluorescence microscopy evidencing the FN-ECM and integrins containing alpha(5)and beta(1)subunits showed that in control cells DEX induced a slight enhancement of the FN-ECM and of the alpha(5)beta(1)receptors patches. Therefore, in these cells the decrease of beta(1)FN receptor subunit mRNA, as well as the decrease of Col1 and its receptor mRNAs, did not influence the FN-ECM assembly. In EDS fibroblasts, DEX decreased the cytoplasmic accumulation of FN and induced the assembly of a rich FN-ECM through the formation of large FNR integrin patches, codistributing with the FN-ECM. We suggest that in EDS skin fibroblasts DEX corrects the defective FN-ECM favouring the sorting and the organization of FN and its alpha(5)beta(1)integrin receptor.