gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding WiMAX: An IEEE-802.16 Standard-Based Wireless Technology (2012)

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is an IEEE 802.16 standard-based broadband cellular wireless solution in which orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is the method of sharing communication resources among large numbers of users. This is in contrast with multiple access technologies such as frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), and code division multiple access (CDMA) that were dominant in 1G (first generation cellular systems), 2G, 2.5G, and 3G cellular networks. As the demand for wireless communications grows almost exponentially, the ability to access these networks becomes an important commodity. This is particularly the case in cellular networks where the demand for broadband access is pushing the industry to advance into the next generation of wireless mobile networks.
Characterization of external ear impulse responses using Golay codes (1992)

This report explains the use of a complementary series, Golay codes, for probing the impulse response of the external ear. The codes are used to measure both the resonance of the human ear canal, using a sealed sound-delivery system, and to measure the transfer function of the pinna, using a free-field source. With two series of 512 binary numbers, the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio over a single impulse approaches the theoretical value of 30.1 dB [10 log(2.512)]. This technique has many of the same properties as maximal-length sequences [M. R. Schroeder, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 497-500 (1979)], but it has the added advantage that the sequence length is an integer power of two and is, therefore, particularly convenient to use with modern Fourier transform techniques.
[Cytogenetic studies following immune induction therapy]. (1976)

This work deals with the question whether the immunisation with BCG-vaccine and leukemic cells leads to morphological changes of the chromosomes from children with acute leukemia. In respect of the small number of patients, and of the variant numbers in the single groups it is concluded, that immunological induction therapy is a possible gravitating factor in manifestation of isolate breaks and complex aberrations. It is not known whether one of them or both the components would be necessary, whether dosage and duration of vaccination have any influence, and how long after vaccination the gravitating influence may be seen.
IEEE 1905.1 hybrid home networking standard and its implementation with PLC, Wi-Fi and Ethernet technologies (2016)

This paper considers “hybrid networking” with a convergence mechanism at layer 2.5 as addressed by the IEEE 1905.1 standard. The developed hybrid infrastructure network provides a seamless integration of three different communication technologies: Ethernet, Wireless LAN, and Power line Communication (PLC). The network enables a global view of the network topology regardless of the technologies running in the home network. Among other functions, it allows the use of parallel links to transmit flows and to reroute traffic in case of links degradation or failure. The major benefits of this implementation include the ease of use for the end users, the auto network configuration, the improved network diagnostic and the increased robustness.
A high-power-handling GSM switch IC with new adaptive-control-voltage-generator circuit scheme (2003)

We propose a high-power-handling switch circuit using a new adaptive-control-voltage-generator circuit (AVG). This AVG enables the internal control node voltages to be automatically increased in high-input-power conditions. This switch circuit results in high-power-handling, low-insertion-loss, small chip size and low voltage control. The developed IC demonstrated a handling power of 36.5 dBm and an insertion loss of 0.31 dB with 40% chip size reduction.
Partitioning of Cephalexin in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Containing Poly(ethylene glycol) and Sodium Citrate Salt at Different Temperatures (2012)

In this study, the partitioning process of cephalexin antibiotic in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS's) containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with molar masses of (1500 and 6000) g·mol–1 and sodium citrate salt has been measured. The experimental partition coefficients were measured at three temperatures: (298, 303, and 308) K. The effects of temperature, polymer mass fraction, polymer molar mass, and salt mass fraction on the experimental partition coefficient of cephalexin were also studied. The results showed that the polymer molar mass has a large effect on the partition coefficient and the temperature influence is almost negligible. The experimental data of the partition coefficients of cephalexin in polymer–salt ATPS's were correlated using the equation proposed by Diamond–Hsu.
Size-Selective Synthesis and Stabilization of Gold Organosol in C<i><sub>n</sub></i>TAC:  Enhanced Molecular Fluorescence from Gold-Bound Fluorophores (2005)

Gold nanoparticles of variable sizes have been synthesized in toluene employing two-phase (water-toluene) extraction of AuCl4- followed by its reduction with sodium borohydride in the presence of a series of cationic surfactants of a homologous series having the general formula C(n)TAC. The solubility features of the gold particles in the organic solvent have been accounted qualitatively by calculating the van der Waals interaction potential between the particles. The effect of thermal energy and medium dielectric constant on the stability of metal particles has been studied by measuring the surface plasmon resonance. The stabilization of surfactant-mediated gold particles as hydrosol or organosol has been elucidated by considering the double-layer interaction as a function of the dielectric constant of the solvent medium. The influence of the counterion of the phase transfer reagent and stabilizing ligand on the photochemical stability of the gold colloids has been investigated. The fluorescence probe 1-methylaminopyrene (MAP) was considered for the surface functionalization of the gold particles, and it has been found that there is an enhancement of molecular fluorescence from the gold-probe assembly.
Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene and Methyl Methacrylate in Various Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (2005)

Conventional free radical polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate was carried out in various room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The RTILs used in this research encompass a wide range of cations and anions. Typical cations include imidazolium, phosphonium, pyridinium, and pyrrolidinium; typical anions include amide, borate, chloride, imide, phosphate, and phosphinate. Reactions are faster and polymers obtained usually have higher molecular weights when compared to polymerizations carried out in volatile organic solvents under the same conditions. This shows that rapid rates of polymerization and high molecular weights are general features of conventional radical polymerizations in RTILs. Attempts to correlate the polarities and viscosities of the RTILs with the polymerization behavior fail to yield discernible trends.
A Convenient Synthesis of 1-Ether-2-acylamido-2-deoxy-<i>sn</i>-glycerophospholipids (1993)

Abstract A series of 1 -ether-sn-2-acylamidoglycerophospholipids, bearing different polar heads in sn-3-position such as phosphoglycol, -serine, -ethanolamine or -choline, have been prepared. Except for the choline derivative which was synthesized from a ß-carbamate alcohol derivative, the remaining compounds were obtained from ß-amidoalcohols.
The EAP and workplace psychiatric injury. (1989)

The author provides brief historical and current overviews of EAP development, describes such programs' tasks and goals, and discusses how a professionally staffed EAP can address psychiatric injury in the workplace. Based on his experience in a major financial corporation, he describes strategies and interventions used by the EAP he oversees.
Features for Automated Quality Assessment of Digitally Transmitted Video (1990)

This report describes an automated method of video quality assessment based on extraction and classification of features from sampled input and output video. The first subsystem of the automated video quality measurement system is the feature extraction subsystem. Features are extracted from the sampled video that quantify many of the distortions present in modern digital compression and transmission systems. The feature measurements may then be injected into a quality classification subsystem which will determine the overall quality rating of the video. This report discusses the first subsystem of the automated video quality assessment system, namely the feature extraction subsystem. The measurement techniques used to extract a number of useful features are discussed in detail. Results are presented using sampled video teleconferencing data that contained common video compression artifacts.
[Methods for optimized cultivation of hair cells from C3H mice]. (1989)

Methods for the optimized culturing the hair cells from 4-day-old C3H mice are described. The skin was obtained and soaked in 500 unit/ml dispase at 4 degrees C for 24 hr. Then the epidermis was removed and the dermis was further treated with 0.25% collagenase for 1 hr at 37 degrees C. The hair roots isolated by collagenase digestion of the dermis were dispersed by the treatment with the mixture of trypsin and EDTA into a cell suspension and plated on a substrate. Attachment of hair cells was dependent on serum concentrations and enhanced by collagen coating of the surface of dishes. MCDB 153 was beneficial for the growth of hair cells and discouraged for the growth of dermal fibroblasts. The cells could not grow at inoculum size of less than 3 x 10(4) cells/cm2. Addition of a crude bovine pituitary extract in MCDB 153 had the greatest impact on hair cell growth. Functional integrity of the cultured hair cells were maintained, since the hair-specific cytoskeletal proteins were expressed in these cells under the present experimental conditions. These desirable conditions could allow selective growth of the hair cells and provide the model system which could be used for the study of hair growth.
The ZrO2 Formation in ZrB2/SiC Composite Irradiated by Laser (2015)

In order to clearly understand the details of ZrO₂ formation during ablation, high intensity continuous laser was chosen to irradiate ZrB₂/SiC. The results reveal that there are two different modes of ZrO₂ formation depending on whether liquid SiO₂ is present. When liquid SiO₂ is present, ZrO₂ generated by the oxidation of ZrB₂ is firstly dissolved into SiO₂. Then, ZrO₂ will precipitate again, the temperature will decrease and the SiO₂ will evaporate. Otherwise, the ZrB₂ will be oxidized to ZrO₂ directly.
Science and technology of tributyl phosphate (1987)

Volume 3 is primarily devoted to the PUREX process, with special emphasis on its chemistry. Chapter 1 describes the general process layout and special flowsheets applied in various plants, together with the chemistry of both the product elements and the process reagents. Two more chapters deal with the details of fission product and neptunium behavior in the process. Another nuclear application of tributyl phosphate (TBP) solvent extraction is the recovery of plutonium values from fuel fabrication scrap and similar wastes, which is treated in Chapter 4. Computer modeling of extraction processes is an exciting and most useful area where great progress has been made in recent years, and this is dealt with in Chapter 5. Finally, there are extraction procedures where TBP does not primarily act as an extractant by itself, but instead is used as a phase modifier to improve the compatibility of reactants in a different extractant-diluent system.
New metrics for RF spectrum occupancy (2008)

Different driving forces are pushing the research community to investigate methods and techniques for estimating the RF spectrum utilization [1,2,5]. Such methods are needed either for spectrum sharing, assessing harmful interference within licensed frequency bands or for assessing the radio environment before commissioning new access nodes. The paper addresses spectrum clearance estimation and defines the associated metrics. A study case pertaining to a spectrum clearance campaign in the 2.5 GHz is included also revealing radio propagation phenomena usually overlooked by prediction models.
The Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Oxygen Uptake Kinetics during Heavy Exercise (2013)

The kinetics of oxygen uptake (Vo2) during the rest to exercise transition are thought to be modulated by intracellular metabolic processes. Diabetes has been shown to slow Vo2 kinetics, likely due to the impact of diabetes upon microvascular oxygen exchange (Padilla et al, 2007). However, to date, recovery from exercise has yet to be studied in these patients. Thus, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the existence of diabetes would hamper Vo2 kinetics during transitions to and from heavy leg cycling (H: Supra-LT). Nine subjects (4 control, 5 diabetic) completed three separate H exercise bouts. Vo2 was measured continuously at the mouth during exercise and recovery for each bout. During the on-transient, the total amplitude was decreased (Atot: Control 2.16±0.29 vs Diabetic 1.33±0.42 L/min, p=0.01). In an attempt to correct for differences in Atot, the rate of change in Vo2 (A1/T1 ) was calculated. This variable was significant reduced in diabetics during both the on-(A1/T1: Control 0.059±0.03 vs Diabetic 0.016±0.01, p=0.02), and off-transients (Control -0.10±0.10 vs Diabetic 0.035±0.012, p=0.09). In addition, the time constant during the on-transition was greatly slowed in diabetes (Tau: Control 24.07±8.39 vs Diabetic 76.76±37.94 sec, p=0.03). These findings suggest strongly that diabetes and it’s sequelae lead to impairments in oxidative metabolism during both exercise and recovery, which would serve to cause a faster rate of fatigue and a longer temporal course of recovery.
<i>HRAS</i> mutation analysis in Costello syndrome: Genotype and phenotype correlation (2005)

Costello syndrome is a rare condition comprising mental retardation, distinctive facial appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities (typically pulmonic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and/or atrial tachycardia), tumor predisposition, and skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities. Recently mutations in HRAS were identified in 12 Japanese and Italian patients with clinical information available on 7 of the Japanese patients. To expand the molecular delineation of Costello syndrome, we performed mutation analysis in 34 North American and 6 European (total 40) patients with Costello syndrome, and detected missense mutations in HRAS in 33 (82.5%) patients. All mutations affected either codon 12 or 13 of the protein product, with G12S occurring in 30 (90.9%) patients of the mutation-positive cases. In two patients, we found a mutation resulting in an alanine substitution in position 12 (G12A), and in one patient, we detected a novel mutation (G13C). Five different HRAS mutations have now been reported in Costello syndrome, however genotype-phenotype correlation remains incomplete.
Small Heat Shock Protein αB-Crystallin Is Part of Cell Cycle-dependent Golgi Reorganization (2004)

AlphaB-crystallin is a developmentally regulated small heat shock protein known for its binding to a variety of denatured polypeptides and suppression of protein aggregation in vitro. Elevated levels of alphaB-crystallin are known to be associated with a number of neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis. Mutations in alphaB-crystallin gene have been linked to desmin related cardiomyopathy and cataractogenesis. The physiological function of this protein, however, is unknown. Using discontinuous sucrose density gradient fractionation of post-nuclear supernatants, prepared from rat tissues and human glioblastoma cell line U373MG, we have identified discrete membrane-bound fractions of alphaB-crystallin, which co-sediment with the Golgi matrix protein, GM130. Confocal microscopy reveals co-localization of alphaB-crystallin with BODIPY TR ceramide and the Golgi matrix protein, GM130, in the perinuclear Golgi in human glioblastoma U373MG cells. Examination of synchronized cultures indicated that alphaB-crystallin follows disassembly of the Golgi at prometaphase and its reassembly at the completion of cytokinesis, suggesting that this small heat shock protein, with its chaperone-like activity, may have an important role in the Golgi reorganization during cell division.
Pathogenesis and heterogeneity of ovarian cancer (2016)

The fallopian tube secretory cell is the cell of origin for the majority of ovarian cancers. Although it remains unclear what triggers neoplastic transformation of these cells, certain tumors exhibit loss of BRCA function or amplification of CCNE1. These alterations represent unique therapeutic opportunities in ovarian cancer.
Oxidation as a possible mechanism of cellular aging: vitamin E deficiency causes premature aging and IgG binding to erythrocytes. (1986)

Senescent-cell antigen is a "neo-antigen" that appears on the surface of senescent cells and initiates IgG binding and cellular removal. As an approach to evaluating oxidation as a possible mechanism for generation of senescent-cell antigen, we studied erythrocytes from vitamin E-deficient rats. Vitamin E is localized primarily in cellular membranes. Its major role is the termination of free-radical chain reactions propagated by the polyunsaturated fatty acids of membrane propagated by the polyunsaturated fatty acids of membrane phospholipids. Results of our studies indicate that erythrocytes of all ages from vitamin E-deficient rats behave like old erythrocytes from normal rats, as determined by their susceptibility to phagocytosis, IgG binding, anion transport ability, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Increased breakdown products of band 3 were observed with immunoblotting in membranes of erythrocytes from vitamin E-deficient rats. Breakdown products of band 3 are known to increase as cells age in normal individuals. The data suggest that oxidation may be a possible mechanism for erythrocyte aging and generation of senescent-cell antigen in vivo.
Inhibition of Amyloid-β (Aβ) Peptide-Binding Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Aβ Interaction Reduces Aβ Accumulation and Improves Mitochondrial Function in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease (2011)

Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide-binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD), an enzyme present in neuronal mitochondria, exacerbates Aβ-induced cell stress. The interaction of ABAD with Aβ exacerbates Aβ-induced mitochondrial and neuronal dysfunction. Here, we show that inhibition of the ABAD-Aβ interaction, using a decoy peptide (DP) in vitro and in vivo, protects against aberrant mitochondrial and neuronal function and improves spatial learning/memory. Intraperitoneal administration of ABAD-DP [fused to the transduction of human immunodeficiency virus 1-transactivator (Tat) protein and linked to the mitochondrial targeting sequence (Mito) (TAT-mito-DP) to transgenic APP mice (Tg mAPP)] blocked formation of ABAD-Aβ complex in mitochondria, increased oxygen consumption and enzyme activity associated with the mitochondrial respiratory chain, attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress, and improved spatial memory. Similar protective effects were observed in Tg mAPP mice overexpressing neuronal ABAD decoy peptide (Tg mAPP/mito-ABAD). Notably, inhibition of the ABAD-Aβ interaction significantly reduced mitochondrial Aβ accumulation. In parallel, the activity of mitochondrial Aβ-degrading enzyme PreP (presequence peptidase) was enhanced in Tg mAPP mitochondria expressing the ABAD decoy peptide. These data indicate that segregating ABAD from Aβ protects mitochondria/neurons from Aβ toxicity; thus, ABAD-Aβ interaction is an important mechanism underlying Aβ-mediated mitochondrial and neuronal perturbation. Inhibitors of ABAD-Aβ interaction may hold promise as targets for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Development of directional neutron detector for compact fast neutron camera (2002)

A new concept of compact neutron camera with directional neutron detector arrays is proposed for nuclear fusion experiment. The basic performance of the directional neutron detector is made clear through experiment for a prototype detector with 14 MeV neutrons and design consideration of the detector specification to optimize its directionality. The results show that the angle resolution defined as a full width of neutron incident angles at a half maximum of detector counts would reach up to around 4 degrees at minimum around 45 degrees neutron incidence to the detector axis. The concept for a compact neutron camera is also given by making good use of an array of the optimized directional neutron detectors.
Tissue Thromboplastin Activity of Isolated Human Monocytes (1978)

Certain agents that induce spreading of or increased content or release of lysosomal enzymes from human monocytes also induce a dramatic increase in tissue thromboplastin content of the cells. The increase is inhibited by cycloheximide and actinomycin D and does not appear in granulocyte, lymphocyte or platelet populations treated in the same way. The effect of several other substances on the development of monocyte tissue thromboplastin activity is reported.
The clipping penalty in fiber-based combined AM-VSB and compressed-digital-video transmission systems (1994)

A hybrid CATV optical link is operated with 58 AM subcarriers and 21 digital subcarriers. Differential quadrature-phase-shift-keyed (DQPSK) transmission suffers only a 2 dB penalty due to clipping distortion when operated at -6 dBm received optical power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cyclic peptides as potential therapeutic agents for skin disorders (2010)

There is an increasing understanding of the role of peptides in normal skin function and skin disease. With this knowledge, there is significant interest in the application of peptides as therapeutics in skin disease or as cosmeceuticals to enhance skin appearance. In particular, antimicrobial peptides and those involved in inflammatory processes provide options for the development of new therapeutic directions in chronic skin conditions such as psoriasis and dermatitis. To exploit their potential, it is essential that these peptides are delivered to their site of action in active form and in sufficient quantity to provide the desired effect. Many polymers permeate the skin poorly and are vulnerable to enzymatic degradation. Synthesis of cyclic peptide derivatives can substantially alter the physicochemical characteristics of the peptide with the potential to improve its skin permeation. In addition, cyclization can stabilize the peptide structure and thereby increase its stability. This review describes the role of cyclic peptides in the skin, examples of current cyclic peptide therapeutic products, and the potential for cyclic peptides as dermatological therapeutics and cosmeceuticals.
A definition optimization technique used in a code translation algorithm (1989)

Data flow analysis is used to optimize variable definitions in a program that translates microprocessor object code to a higher order language.