gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of 1% and 2% enflurane on intracranial pressure in man. (1980)

A series of 184 premedicated patients were studied to determine whether music could make the immediate waiting period before surgery more comfortable. Selected music at a known noise level was being played by a tape recorder in a waiting room with open doors within the operating department. After the operation patients were asked about their impressions. A favourable result was obtained in 96.8% of the patients, i.e. 52.2% positively satisfied, 22.3% neutral and 22.3% not noticing the music. The negative impressions were mostly emotional or perhaps due to an adverse reaction to a premedication constituent: dehydrobenzperidol. The authors recommend the use of music while you wait for surgery. (Acta anaesth. belg., 1980, 31, 61-67).
Mechanism of the acetone formation by Clostridium acetobutylicum (1985)

The production of acetone by Clostridium acetobutylicum was favoured when acetate was added to the culture medium. In the presence of acetate an increase of the acetone concentration from 4.2 to 10.1 g per liter was noted without any change of the butanol concentration. The coenzyme A transferase and the acetoacetate carboxylase were not limiting factors since the addition of acetic acid allowed the biosynthesis of acetone to increase. The control of acetate production by the cells, which is not coupled to the butanol formation, is the key point of the acetone biosynthesis.
Late Recurrence of Renal Tubular Carcinoma (1981)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Oct 1981Late Recurrence of Renal Tubular Carcinoma David A. Bloom, Joseph J. Kaufman, and Robert B. Smith David A. BloomDavid A. Bloom More articles by this author , Joseph J. KaufmanJoseph J. Kaufman More articles by this author , and Robert B. SmithRobert B. Smith More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)54621-2AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Solitary late recurrence of renal tubular carcinoma is unusual. We describe a case of such a recurrence after 19 years. The literature is reviewed. Resection of these recurrences is warranted and survival seems to be related to the site of recurrence. © 1981 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited BySchrödter S, Hakenberg O, Manseck A, Leike S and Wirth M (2018) Outcome Of Surgical Treatment Of Isolated Local Recurrence After Radical Nephrectomy For Renal Cell CarcinomaJournal of Urology, VOL. 167, NO. 4, (1630-1633), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2002.Lemmers M, Ward K, Hatch T and Stenzel P (2018) Renal Adenocarcinoma with Solitary Metastasis to the Contralateral Adrenal Gland: Report of 2 Cases and Review of the LiteratureJournal of Urology, VOL. 141, NO. 5, (1177-1180), Online publication date: 1-May-1989.Takatera H, Maeda O, Oka T, Namiki M, Nakano E, Matsuda M, Arita N, Jamshidi J, Ushio Y and Sonoda T (2018) Solitary Late Recurrence of Renal Cell CarcinomaJournal of Urology, VOL. 136, NO. 4, (799-800), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1986.Nakano E, Fujioka H, Ishibashi M, Matsuda M, Osafune M, Takaha M and Sonoda T (2018) Autologous Mixed Lymphocyte Tumer Cell Culture in Patients With Renal Cell CarcinomaJournal of Urology, VOL. 131, NO. 2, (223-226), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1984. Volume 126Issue 4October 1981Page: 546-548 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1981 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information David A. Bloom More articles by this author Joseph J. Kaufman More articles by this author Robert B. Smith More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
HTML page analysis based on visual cues (2002)

We present an approach to automatically analyzing semantic structure of HTML pages based on detecting visual similarities of content objects on Web pages. The approach is developed based on the observation that in most Web pages, layout styles of subtitles or records of the same content category are consistent and there are apparent separation boundaries between different categories. Thus these subtitles should have similar appearances if they are rendered in visual browsers and different categories can be separated clearly In our approach we first measure visual similarities of HTML content objects. Then we apply a pattern detection algorithm to detect frequent patterns of visual similarity and use a number of heuristics to choose the most possible patterns. By grouping items according to these patterns, we finally build a hierarchical representation (tree) of an HTML document with "visual consistency" inferred semantics. Preliminary experimental results show promising performances of the method with real Web pages.
Surface Modification Approaches for Electrochemical Biosensors (2011)

Electrochemical biosensors are transducers that convert biological information into electrical information. Electrochemical biosensors provide qualitative and quantitative information (Wang 1999) on the existence and concentration of the target compounds in the analyte in the form of current (amperometric biosensor) or voltage (potentiometric biosensor). A typical amperometric biosensor consists of three components: the analyte, the transduction element (electrode and conductive nanomaterials) and the biorecognition element (enzyme) (McLamore et al., 2010a; McLamore et al., 2010b; McLamore et al., ; Shi et al., 2010). During biosensor operation, target compound in the sample is specifically recognized by the enzymes immobilized on the electrode. Electrooxidative intermediate is produced by this enzyme-substrate interaction. The produced electrooxidative intermediate is oxidized or reduced by the voltage applied on the biosensor, and current proportional to substrate concentration is generated and recorded. By calibrating the biosensor using solutions with known concentration, the relationship between measured current and substrate concentration is obtained. The sensitivity and specificity of the sensor is ensured by the high selectivity of enzymes. Considering the functional mechanism of biosensors, surface modification of the electrode is vital to biosensor performance. The most straightforward and also widely used approach is to immobilize enzymes on the electrode with a polymer layer. However, this method has two major limitations. One is that the activity of the enzymes can be affected by structural change due to the polymer layer, and affected by the pH of the layer (Zou et al., 2008). The other is that the thickness of the polymer layer cannot be precisely controlled, so the response time and sensitivity of the biosensor could be affected (Li et al., 1996). To overcome these limitations, some groups used polymers with neutral pH such as silicate sol-gel for enzyme immobilization to preserve enzyme activity (Salimi et al., 2004) while some groups used electric methods such as cyclic voltammetry to control layer deposition (Llaudet et al., 2005; Smutok et al., 2006). Furthermore, to obtain better performance, nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metal nanomaterials are often involved in surface modification (McLamore et al., 2010a; McLamore et al., 2010b; McLamore et al., ; Shi et al., 2010). Since different modification approaches result in quite distinct biosensor performance, problems with evaluating and comparing different approaches, and sorting out the optimal ones have arisen. To solve this problem, a standardization method which evaluates the performance of biosensors constructed by different approaches is needed.
Measuring ground movement in geothermal areas of Imperial Valley, California (1974)

Significant ground movement may accompany the extraction of large quantities of fluids from the subsurface. In Imperial Valley, California, one of the potential hazards of geothermal development is the threat of both subsidence and horizontal movement of the land surface. Regional and local survey nets are being monitored to detect and measure possible ground movement caused by future geothermal developments. Precise measurement of surface and subsurface changes will be required to differentiate man-induced changes from natural processes in this tectonically active region.
Use of FTA cards for the storage of breast carcinoma nucleic acid on fine‐needle aspiration samples (2015)

FTA cards can be conveniently used for the storage of breast carcinoma cells obtained by FNA, thus providing a reliable alternative to traditional methods.
Chemical Studies on Mexican Plants Used in Traditional Medicine, V. Cucurbitacin Glucosides from Cigarrilla mexicana (1988)

The new cucurbitacin glucoside 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylcucurbitacin F 25-acetate and arvenin I were isolated from the more polar fractions of the MeOH extract of Cigarrilla mexicana.
Underlying Mechanisms of Tinnitus: Review and Clinical Implications (2014)

Patients often have expectations that a treatment exists to cure their tinnitus. They should be made aware that research is increasing to discover such a cure and that their reactions to tinnitus can be mitigated through the use of evidence-based behavioral interventions.
Gelling Properties of Gellan Solutions Containing Monovalent and Divalent Cations (1997)

ABSTRACT Gelling temperatures of gellan solutions with the addition of Na + and K + ranging from 15 to 450 mM or Ca ++ and Mg ++ from 2 to 40 mM were determined by dynamic rheological testing at four polymer concentrations between 0.4 and 2.0% (w/w). Gelling temperatures were much higher for gellan solutions containing divalent cations than for those containing the same amount of monovalent cations. Solutions containing K + gelled at higher temperatures than those containing Na + . Effects of Ca ++ and Mg ++ on gelling temperatures were not significantly different. A general model was developed to predict the gelling temperature of gellan solutions as functions of cation and polymer concentrations.
Experimental Evaluation of Dynamic Licensed Shared Access Operation in Live 3GPP LTE System (2016)

As next-generation mobile networks are rapidly taking shape driven by the target standardization requirements and initial trial implementations, a range of accompanying technologies prepare to support them with more reliable wireless access and improved service provisioning. Among these are more advanced spectrum sharing options enabled by the emerging Licensed Shared Access (LSA) regulatory framework, which aims to efficiently employ the capacity of underutilized frequency bands in a controlled manner. The concept of LSA promises to equip network operators with the much needed additional spectrum on the secondary basis and thus brings changes to the existing cellular network management. Hence, additional research is in prompt demand to determine the required levels of Quality of Service (QoS) and service provisioning reliability, especially in cases of dynamic geographical and temporal LSA sharing. Motivated by this recent urge and having at our disposal a fully-functional 3GPP LTE cellular deployment, we have committed to implement and trial the principles of dynamic LSA-compatible spectrum management. This paper is our first disclosure on the comprehensive experimental evaluation of this promising technology. We expect that these unprecedented practical results together with the key lessons learned will become a valuable reference point for the subsequent integration of flexible LSA-based services, suitable for inter-operator and multi-tenant spectrum sharing.
Decentralized ad-hoc groupware API and framework for mobile collaboration (2001)

We describe a mobile collaborative system designed for wireless, ad-hoc collaboration. In recent years, mobile computing has emerged as a new discipline in the field of computer science. Due to advances in technology, portable computing devices have become more pervasive. From smart phones, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) running embedded operating systems, to portable computers running conventional desktop operating systems, these devices have increasingly provided communication capabilities that utilize wireless connections. With those communication capabilities firmly established, the next logical step is in the direction of greater interactions between mobile users equipped with such devices. However, conventional collaborative tools are ill suited for the demands of portable computers and mobile networks, especially in situations in which no fixed-network infrastructure is present. With these considerations in mind, we designed and implemented a collaborative environment and a framework API suited towards ad-hoc networks of small mobile devices. By creating such a framework, developers can easily take advantage of a decentralized and fault-tolerant collaborative environment, and rapidly develop custom collaboration spaces suited towards their specific need.
Apo E allele frequencies in Alzheimerʼs disease, Lewy body dementia, Alzheimerʼs disease with cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia (1994)

Apolipoprotein (Apo E) was genotyped using a fluorescent PCR-RFLP assay in 187 patients with a probable or possible clinical diagnosis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in 166 autopsied patients with dementia (21 presenile AD, 70 senile AD, 18 Lewy body dementia (LBD), 38 AD with cerebrovascular disease (AD-CVD), 19 vascular dementia). The relative epsilon 4 allele frequency was 0.472 in LBD, 0.513 in AD-CVD, 0.405 in presenile AD, 0.364 in senile AD, and 0.079 in vascular dementia. The relative epsilon 2 allele frequency was 0.211 in vascular dementia, 0.083 in LBD, 0.047 in presenile AD, 0.100 in senile AD and 0.039 in AD with CVD. We infer that apo E is a major risk factor for structural phenotypes of dementia involving AD, alone or in conjunction with another pathology. In addition, the epsilon 2 allele is likely to represent a risk factor for vascular morbidity, as the relative epsilon 2 allele frequency was 0.211 in patients with vascular dementia compared with 0.144 in elderly controls.
Platelet‐rich fibrin matrix improves wound angiogenesis via inducing endothelial cell proliferation (2011)

The economic, social, and public health burden of chronic ulcers and other compromised wounds is enormous and rapidly increasing with the aging population. The growth factors derived from platelets play an important role in tissue remodeling including neovascularization. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been utilized and studied for the last four decades. Platelet gel and fibrin sealant, derived from PRP mixed with thrombin and calcium chloride, have been exogenously applied to tissues to promote wound healing, bone growth, hemostasis, and tissue sealing. In this study, we first characterized recovery and viability of as well as growth factor release from platelets in a novel preparation of platelet gel and fibrin matrix, namely platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM). Next, the effect of PRFM application in a delayed model of ischemic wound angiogenesis was investigated. The study, for the first time, shows the kinetics of the viability of platelet-embedded fibrin matrix. A slow and steady release of growth factors from PRFM was observed. The vascular endothelial growth factor released from PRFM was primarily responsible for endothelial mitogenic response via extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase activation pathway. Finally, this preparation of PRFM effectively induced endothelial cell proliferation and improved wound angiogenesis in chronic wounds, providing evidence of probable mechanisms of action of PRFM in healing of chronic ulcers.
Use of Spin Echoes in a Pulsed Magnetic-Field Gradient to Study Anisotropic, Restricted Diffusion and Flow (1965)

The Bloch—Torrey equations are modified to include the case of anisotropic, restricted diffusion and flow. The problem of solving these modified equations for the amplitude of a spin echo in a time-dependent magnetic-field gradient subject to restricting boundary conditions is discussed. This problem is solved for a number of selected cases. In particular, it is found that a magnetic-field gradient applied in short, intense pulses is effective in defining the time during which nuclear displacements take place. A simplified equation, suitable for the pulsed-gradient experiment, is presented and solved for two different examples of systems showing restricted diffusion. A procedure for analyzing the data from pulsed-gradient measurements is suggested, and its merits are discussed. Suggestions are made of systems which may well be expected to show restricted, anisotropic diffusion or interesting flow properties.
Recombinant interferon alpha in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma. (1985)

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is more virulent than previously reported cases of KS and affects a much younger population. The cell of origin is lymphatic endothelium, with the histopathology characterized by a proliferation of small vessels with abnormal endothelial cells, extravasated erythrocytes, and spindle-shaped-cell infiltration. Clinical manifestations are pigmented, nodular lesions affecting the skin, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and/or visceral organs. The head and oral cavity, uncommon sites in other KS populations, are frequently involved. Pain is not an early part of the clinical picture. AIDS-related KS is often widespread and rapidly progressive. However, the cause of death in most cases is attributed to opportunistic infection, which is believed to increase as a result of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. Recombinant interferon alpha has been the most thoroughly tested of immune-stimulating or nonimmunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of AIDS-related KS. An objective antineoplastic response rate (25% to 60%) comparable to single-agent chemotherapy with vinblastine or VP-16 has been demonstrated in several trials. Response rates to interferon alpha may be enhanced by such factors as absence of lymphoma-like B symptoms, low levels of circulating acid-labile interferon alpha, and absent history of recent serious infection. Varied drug dose, schedule, and route of administration have been employed; doses equal to or greater than 30 million U/day administered intravenously or intramuscularly appear to give the best results. Daily dosing regimens may induce tolerance for subjective toxicities (eg, fever, asthenia, and anorexia), which are often dose limiting. Direct immune stimulation following treatment with interferon alpha has not been conclusively established, but evidence suggests that respondents have low rates of opportunistic infection. Other recent studies demonstrate interferon alpha inhibiting activity against the AIDS-associated retrovirus in vitro and trials in vivo are in progress to define the clinical relevance of this observation.
Estimating Real-Time Traffic Carbon Dioxide Emissions Based on Intelligent Transportation System Technologies (2012)

In this paper, a bottom–up vehicle emission model is proposed to estimate real-time <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{CO}_{2}$</tex></formula> emissions using intelligent transportation system (ITS) technologies. In the proposed model, traffic data that were collected by ITS are fully utilized to estimate detailed vehicle technology data (e.g., vehicle type) and driving pattern data (e.g., speed, acceleration, and road slope) in the road network. The road network is divided into a set of small road segments to consider the effects of heterogeneous speeds within a road link. A real-world case study in Beijing, China, is carried out to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. The spatiotemporal distributions of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$ \hbox{CO}_{2}$</tex></formula> emissions in Beijing are analyzed and discussed. The results of the case study indicate that ITS technologies can be a useful tool for real-time estimations of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX"> $\hbox{CO}_{2}$</tex></formula> emissions with a high spatiotemporal resolution.
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expansion on Three-Dimensional (3D) Printed Poly-Styrene (PS) Scaffolds in a Perfusion Bioreactor (2017)

In this study, we present a novel approach of expanding Adipose derived hMSCs (human Mesenchymal Stem Cells) seeded on 3D printed Poly-Styrene (PS) scaffolds within a perfusion based cell expansion bioreactor. 3D printed PS scaffolds inoculated with adipose derived hMSCs were cultured statically for 9 days in 2D for assuring the viability and proliferation expansion of hMSCs on PS scaffolds. Thereafter, a batch of pre-seeded scaffolds were dynamically cultured inside a perfusion based bioreactor system for 8 days to assess the expansion of hMSCs on the PS scaffolds. As compared to static 3D culture (control), the 3D perfusion based system resulted in comparable fold-expansion and viability. Osteogenic and Adipogenic differentiation potential of the harvested cells were evaluated to assess if the stem cells retained their stem cell properties at the end of the expansion step.
The impact of band selection on hyperspectral point target detection algorithms (2010)

In this paper, we explore the influence of band selection and dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral data on three point target detection algorithms. We wish to reduce the computational burden and to maximize the algorithms' performance by taking into consideration high spectral correlation. In order to measure the discrimination capability of target detection algorithms, we implemented a metric to quantitatively evaluate our algorithm for a particular combination of target signature, spectral cube, and bands chosen. Band selection was done in several ways; we evaluate our results both with exhaustive search and a “sub-optimal” selection algorithm.
High-Performance Distributed ML at Scale through Parameter Server Consistency Models (2014)

As Machine Learning (ML) applications increase in data size and model complexity, practitioners turn to distributed clusters to satisfy the increased computational and memory demands. Unfortunately, effective use of clusters for ML requires considerable expertise in writing distributed code, while highly-abstracted frameworks like Hadoop have not, in practice, approached the performance seen in specialized ML implementations. The recent Parameter Server (PS) paradigm is a middle ground between these extremes, allowing easy conversion of single-machine parallel ML applications into distributed ones, while maintaining high throughput through relaxed "consistency models" that allow inconsistent parameter reads. However, due to insufficient theoretical study, it is not clear which of these consistency models can really ensure correct ML algorithm output; at the same time, there remain many theoretically-motivated but undiscovered opportunities to maximize computational throughput. Motivated by this challenge, we study both the theoretical guarantees and empirical behavior of iterative-convergent ML algorithms in existing PS consistency models. We then use the gleaned insights to improve a consistency model using an "eager" PS communication mechanism, and implement it as a new PS system that enables ML algorithms to reach their solution more quickly.