gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital surface model based on aerial image stereo pairs for 3D building (2014)

There is an increasing demand for 3D city models for many applications and users worldwide. Fez is one of the most important tourism locations in Morocco and is a challenge for 3D city modeling due to its complex buildings and road structure. Due to its importance this Historic Medina of Fez was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1981. It is located in the northern part of Morocco. In this work, we discuss the construction of a digital surface model based on aerial image stereo pairs using matching method and the use of this DSM for 3D city planning. We used aerial photographs with high accuracy (1/4000) covering the study area acquired in 2007 and additional cartographic data from Fez. 3D land use zoning allowed building volumes, usage, and density. They are the main tools defining the image of a city and bring into focus the model of best practice of the rehabilitation and conservation of the historic Medina.
Automatic Image Haze Removal Based on Luminance Component (2010)

In this paper, we propose a simple but effective method for visibility restoration from a single image. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is no user interaction is needed, this allows our algorithm to be applied for practical applications, such as surveillance, intelligent vehicle, etc. Another advantage compared with others is its speed, since the cost of obtaining transmission map is greatly cut down by using Retinex algorithm on luminance component. A comparative study and quantitative evaluation is proposed with the main present-day methods which demonstrate that similar or better quality results are obtained.
Application of Solid-Phase Bonding to Increase the Reliability of Pipelines of Generation 2 and 3 Reactors (2013)

Методом горячей вакуумной прокатки получено твердофазное соединение углеродистой и нержавеющей сталей. Проведено исследование границы твердофазного соединения методами металлографии и электронной микроскопии. Исследованы нано- и микротвердость, коррозионная стойкость и циклическая прочность композита\nсталь 20 — сталь 08Х18Н10Т.
Determination of iodide by derivatization to 4-iodo-N,N-dimethylaniline and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (2000)

A real-time determination of iodide is proposed which involves the oxidation of iodide with 2-iodosobenzoate in the presence of N,N-dimethylaniline. The reaction is completed within 1 min to yield 4-iodo-N,N-dimethylaniline, which is extracted in cyclohexane and determined by GC-MS. It was also possible to determine iodine by derivatization in the absence of 2-iodosobenzoate, and iodate by its reduction with ascorbic acid to iodide and subsequent derivatization. A rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for 0.02-50 micrograms l-1 iodide with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998. The limit of detection was 8 ng l-1 iodide. The method was applied to the determination of iodate in iodized table salt and free iodide and total iodine in sea-water, and to spiked samples when the recovery was in the range 96.8-104.3% (RSD 1.9-3.6%). A sample clean-up by solid-phase extraction with a LiChrolut EN cartridge is proposed.
High-Voltage p-Channel Level Shifter Using Charge-Controlled Self-Isolation Structure (2006)

In this paper, we report an area-effective 600 V p-channel level shifter using a self-isolation structure without the degradation of blocking capability for the first time. To prevent the degradation of high-voltage isolation performance, the charge in a double reduced surface electric field (RESURF) structure is controlled at the border region between a high-voltage p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) and a high-voltage isolation region. Because of a divided p-offset region in the drift region of the high-voltage p-channel MOSFET and the high-voltage isolation region, parasitic current to the ground (GND) terminal through the isolation region can be ignored. By using the new high-voltage p-channel level shifter, a 400 V level shift operation is confirmed.
Transfer of human chromosomes via human minisegregant cells into mouse cells and the quantitation of the expression of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase in the hybrids (1978)

The behaviour of human cells arrested in mitosis can be severely perturbed so as to generate numerous small minisegregants containing very few chromosomes. These cells can be separated according to size and DNA content and fused with intact cells. In this paper we describe the production and some properties of proliferating cell hybrids generated by fusion of human minisegregant cells derived from a HeLa strain with mouse A9 cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT, EC 2.4.2.8). The hybrids were shown to contain up to 10 human chromosomes including a single X. Independently derived hybrid clones were quantitatively characterized and compared with the parental phenotypes with respect to HPRT. Human isozymes of each of the 3 enzymes HPRT, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2,7.2.3) were found. Tests to evaluate both structure and function of HPRT were utilized. The specific activity of HPRT of more than 10 hybrids tested was approximately 10% that of the HeLa parent. Structural characterization of HPRT from hybrid cells as evidenced by heat inactivation and electrophoretic mobility results in a 'human-like' phenotype. Functional characterization of parental HPRT results in kinetic constants for cofactor and substrate which do not permit distinction of human and of human and mouse enzymes; HPRT from the minisegregant hybrids had normal kinetic constants. The reduced specific activity of HPRT in the hybrids is discussed in terms of the inability of the mouse environment to regulate the full expression of the human structural gene.
<i>Bartonella henselae</i> Pap31, an Extracellular Matrix Adhesin, Binds the Fibronectin Repeat III <sub>13</sub> Module (2006)

Bartonella henselae wound-associated infections suggest involvement of extracellular matrix molecules in adhesion and invasion. Pap31 was previously identified as a hemin-binding protein. Our recent studies suggest the protein is an adhesin that is recognized by the host's immune systems. In this study we examined the interactions of B. henselae Pap31 with fibronectin (Fn), heparin (Hep), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cloned gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified Pap31 protein elicited strong antibody responses in mice and was reactive with rabbit anti-live B. henselae and mouse anti-Pap31 antibodies by Western blotting. Pap31 bound to immobilized Fn and to HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner and to Hep. Fn fragment-binding assays identified the Hep-1 and Hep-2 binding domains of human Fn and in particular the (12-13)FnIII repeat module as primary binding sites for this adhesin. Furthermore, Pap31 binding to the above Fn fragments could be inhibited by Hep, suggesting a common binding site involving the 13FnIII repeat module on the Hep-2 domain of Fn. Adherence of intact B. henselae to HUVECs was inhibited by increasing concentrations of anti-Pap31 antibodies. In addition, purified Pap31 coprecipitated effectively with Fn and anti-Fn antibodies. Taken together, these data suggest that Pap31 is an Fn-binding protein mediating the B. henselae-host interaction(s), and they implicate the 13FnIII repeat module as an important binding site for this adhesin on the Fn molecule. These interactions may be important initial steps leading to bacterial attachment and colonization that promote the establishment of B. henselae infections in vivo.
Evolution of Optical Networking Toward Rich Digital Media Services (2012)

This paper discusses the evolution of optical networks from foundational data transport utilities and infrastructure to true enablers of next-generation services and facilities, specifically diverse rich digital media services, which are being produced, processed, and consumed by an increasingly sophisticated variety of end users. This evolution has been enabled by several major recent advances in optical networking, including the deployment of high-speed optical connections from core networks to enterprise and residential users; the dramatic increase in optical signal speed and reach; and the improvement in control and management planes to support increasingly diverse types of traffic and services. We describe two distinctive areas of broad impact of optical network technologies related to rich media services: high-resolution scientific visualization and high-quality, real-time consumer-driven media production and distribution. Finally, we discuss key trends that may develop next as optical networks further evolve shaped by both rich digital media service requirement and technology innovation.
Terlipressin for Hepatorenal Syndrome: Novel Strategies and Future Perspectives (2011)

Type 1 hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a functional renal failure that often occurs in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Type 1 HRS develops as the consequence of a severe reduction of effective circulating volume due to both extreme splanchnic arterial vasodilatation and reduction of cardiac output. Several pilot studies and two randomized control studies have shown that terlipressin plus albumin improves renal function in patients with type 1 HRS. Terlipressin plus albumin can also improve short-term survival in these patients. Terlipressin was most commonly given in intravenous boluses starting from an initial dose of 0.5–1 mg every 4 h to 3 mg every 4 h in case of nonresponse. While there is evidence that terlipressin alone may be less effective than terlipressin combined with intravenous albumin in improving renal function in patients with type 1 HRS, the best way to use terlipressin in these patients is still under evaluation. In particular, some preliminary data show that terlipressin given via continuous intravenous infusion is better tolerated than when given in intravenous boluses. Future randomized studies should confirm this difference and outline the best way to use this drug in the treatment of type 1 HRS. In any case, the available data are sufficient to state that use of terlipressin plus albumin has really changed the management of type 1 HRS in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Finally, there is some preliminary evidence suggesting that terlipressin may also be a novel therapeutic approach targeting splanchnic arterial vasodilation involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 HRS, septic shock and paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction, but further studies are needed in these clinical scenarios.
CD2 engagement induces dendritic cell activation: implications for immune surveillance and T-cell activation (2003)

We have shown previously that primary dendritic cells and monocytes express equal levels of CD14 but are distinguishable by the presence of CD2 on dendritic cells. CD2 is known to mediate the activation of T and natural killer (NK) cells through its interaction with CD58. CD2 epitopes recognized by anti-T111, -T112, and -T113 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are present on dendritic cells. Here we show that CD2 engagement significantly increases class II, costimulatory (CD40, CD80, CD86), adhesion (CD54, CD58), and CCR7 molecule expression on primary dendritic cells. Conversely, minimal or no change in the expression of the above antigens occurs on monocyte-derived dendritic cells, because these molecules are already maximally expressed. However, both kinds of dendritic cells release interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-12 after CD2 engagement. Lastly, interference with dendritic cell CD2-T-cell CD58 engagement decreases naive CD4+CD45RA+ T-cell proliferation. Collectively, our results suggest another role of the CD2-CD58 pathway that allows nonimmune and immune cells to interact directly with dendritic cells and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses.
Parallel beam micro sensor/actuator unit using PZT thin films and its application examples (2002)

Piezoelectric materials are used for sensors and actuators. It is difficult to form complicated structures with piezoelectric materials, so the actuators and sensors are simple. Using the hydrothermal method, we can fabricate PZT thin film on a three dimensional titanium substrate. We use this feature for actuators and sensors, and made a new sensor/actuator unit using this method on a parallel beam structure. We propose application examples to a two degrees of freedom actuator, G-sensor, and vibration gyroscope.
Vertebral Reconstruction Using the Telescopic Plate Spacer-Thoracolumbar (TPS-TL) Device (2010)

The TPS-TL implant is effective in restoring vertebral body height and correcting kyphotic deformity after thoracolumbar vertebrectomy.
MWD Survey Accuracy Improvements Using Multistation Analysis (2004)

Abstract Multistation analysis is a technique that provides drillstring magnetic interference compensation to magnetic surveys. This technique is now in common use in the industry, and this case study data verifies the capabilities of the multistation technique to improve measurement-while-drilling (MWD) azimuth measurement quality and accuracy. This study quantifies a significant improvement to standard MWD surveyed position uncertainty using actual survey data from drilling assemblies used in more than one hundred and twenty runs in over thirty-five different wells worldwide. The use of multistation analysis, and the subsequent reduction in wellbore position uncertainty demonstrated can significantly reduce the overall surveying and drilling costs for the well, removing the need for correction runs and allowing for the penetration of smaller targets than previously possible with standard MWD surveying. This correction technique can be applied on a real-time basis at the point of surveying. Forecasting of the magnetization effects of the bottom hole assembly (BHA) using the same software, will also allow the driller to place the well more accurately. In some cases the use of multistation analysis with standard MWD surveys will enable the removal of one or more gyrocompass surveys from the survey program. This can reduce overall surveying time and cost, and the exposure of the BHA to additional stuck-in-hole risks that occur when running wireline surveying tools through drillpipe in extended-reach wells. The main analysis method is based on a direct comparison of MWD survey data before and after multistation correction, against independent overlapping gyro survey data. The results achieved by this study are translated directly into improvements in current industry standard error models, and this paper proposes a standard error model for multistation analysis corrected MWD survey data.
The replacement of a carbonate rock by fluorite: Kinetics and microstructure (2017)

© 2017 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.Understanding the mechanism and kinetics of the replacement of carbonates by fluorite has applications in Earth sciences and engineering. Samples of Carrara marble were reacted with an ammonium fluoride (NH4F) solution for different reaction times and temperatures. The microstructure of the product phase (fluorite) was analyzed using SEM. The kinetics of replacement was monitored using Rietveld refinements of X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the products. After reaction, all samples preserved their size and external morphology (a pseudomorphic replacement). The grain boundaries of the original marble were preserved although each calcite grain was replaced by multiple fine crystals of fluorite creating inter-crystal porosity. The empirical activation energy Ea (kJ/mol) of the replacement reaction was determined by both model-fitting and model-free methods. The isoconversional method yielded an empirical activation energy of 41 kJ/mol, and a statistical approach applied to the model-fitting method revealed that the replacement of Carrara marble by fluorite is better fitted to a diffusion-controlled process. These results suggest that the replacement reaction depends on the ion diffusion rate in the fluid phase through the newly formed porosity.
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Texture Analysis of the Liver (2010)

DCE-TA is a potentially useful adjunct to DCE-CT warranting further investigation.
Newton-Marchenko-Rose Imaging (2012)

Using only surface reflection data and first-arrival information, we generate up- and down-going wavefields at every image point using the algorithm of Rose (2002b,a) and Wapenaar et al. (2011, 2012a). An imaging condition is applied to these up- and down-going wavefields directly to generate the image. Since the above algorithm is based on exact inverse scattering theory, the reconstructed wavefields are accurate and contain all multiply scattered energy in addition to the primary event. As corroborated by our synthetic examples, imaging of these multiply scattered energy helps illuminate the subsurface better than reverse-time migration. We also demonstrate that it is possible to perform illumination compensation using our imaging algorithm that results in improved imaging at large depths.
ChemInform Abstract: New Alkoxycarbonylalkyloxychalcones and Their α,β‐Dibromo Derivatives of Potential Antimicrobial Activity. (1989)

Abstract The p‐hydroxychalcone (I) is coupled with the bromoacetates (II) to give the unsaturated phenol ethers (III) which react with bromine to form the brominated ethers (IV).
Using Presence Questionnaires in Reality (2000)

A between-group experiment was carried out to assess whether two different presence questionnaires can distinguish between real and virtual experiences. One group of ten subjects searched for a box in a real office environment. A second group of ten subjects carried out the same task in a virtual environment that simulated the same office. Immediately after their experience, subjects were given two different presence questionnaires in randomized order: the Witmer and Singer Presence (WS), and the questionnaire developed by Slater, Usoh, and Steed (SUS). The paper argues that questionnaires should be able to pass a “reality test” whereby under current conditions the presence scores should be higher for real experiences than for virtual ones. Nevertheless, only the SUS had a marginally higher mean score for the real compared to the virtual, and there was no significant difference at all between the WS mean scores. It is concluded that, although such questionnaires may be useful when all subjects experience the same type of environment, their utility is doubtful for the comparison of experiences across environments, such as immersive virtual compared to real, or desktop compared to immersive virtual.
Theoretical Considerations of Doublet-Like Configuration in Stellarators (2011)

In order to investigate the separatrix structure inside the plasma, the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equilibrium and the high-energy particle orbit are studied for LHD plasmas with two split axes and an eight-figured separatrix. Magnetic axes are split vertically and horizontally for strongly elongated cross section by the external quadrupole field. MHD equilibria without assuming existence of nested flux surfaces are obtained from HINT code. For the vertical elongation, the eight-figured structure evolves due to the finite beta effect and the structure of magnetic field lines outside the separatrix is ergodized. For the horizontal elongation, since the Shafranov shift is very large, plasma shapes are changed eccentrically. To see MHD equilibrium beta limit, high beta equilibrium (~5%) is studied. The magnetic axis extremely shifts to the outward of the torus and a new eight-figured separatrix is appeared. Singularities of the high-energy particle orbit on the separatrix are studied by solving the guiding-center drift equation on the rectangular grid. If the reflecting point of the trapped particle is near the separatrix, the banana width is very large and some singular orbits are observed.
Power Supply for Main Line Railway Contact Systems (1933)

The general system problem encountered in the supply of power for electric traction is dealt with through a study of the performance of the principal available systems. The paper is confined to the electrical characteristics and consequent capacity and spacing requirements. The first part describes the performance of systems in electrical terms and requires no assumptions as to the magnitude of train loads. Index figures are developed for specifying concisely the characteristics considered, and curves are given for determining substation loads and catenary rms current and regulation. The second part provides a perspective of power system requirements with various systems through a general study of distribution and transmission based on a number of assumed train loads. Fleets of trains of equal size and uniform spacings are made the basis for the generalized solution of the distribution and transmission problems as well as for the study based on specific load conditions. The essential electrical dimensions of most of the heavy traction electrifications of the world are tabulated.
Compounds Related to Pethidine--IV. New Genaral Chemical Methods of Increading the Analgesic Activity of Pethidine (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompounds Related to Pethidine--IV. New Genaral Chemical Methods of Increading the Analgesic Activity of PethidinePaul A J. Janssen and Nathan B. EddyCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1959, 2, 1, 31–45Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm50008a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50008a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Adversarial Examples: Attacks and Defenses for Deep Learning (2019)

With rapid progress and significant successes in a wide spectrum of applications, deep learning is being applied in many safety-critical environments. However, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been recently found vulnerable to well-designed input samples called adversarial examples. Adversarial perturbations are imperceptible to human but can easily fool DNNs in the testing/deploying stage. The vulnerability to adversarial examples becomes one of the major risks for applying DNNs in safety-critical environments. Therefore, attacks and defenses on adversarial examples draw great attention. In this paper, we review recent findings on adversarial examples for DNNs, summarize the methods for generating adversarial examples, and propose a taxonomy of these methods. Under the taxonomy, applications for adversarial examples are investigated. We further elaborate on countermeasures for adversarial examples. In addition, three major challenges in adversarial examples and the potential solutions are discussed.