gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Full-load testing of the advanced V64.3 gas turbine. (1991)

This paper reports on the first V64.3 gas turbine installed in the author's factory test facility for extensive testing. The unit reached a maximum output far in excess of the introductory ISO rating of 53 MW. Testing of the unit will provide the authors with important information for all the advanced gas turbine models, which have been designed and will be built in accordance with the laws of similarity applied to different rated speeds. In the meantime, two V64.3 gas turbines have been supplied for the power plant Vuosaari in Finland and test data of these units are also available. The V64.3 gas turbine model can be applied to either 50 or 60 Hz systems with a different gear box ratio. The V84.3 model, which is a 60 Hz unit, will be tested in early 1992 and the first V94.3 turbine will be ready for shipment in 1993.
Hydrolytic Activity and Ultrastructural Changes in Fruit Skins from Two Prickly Pear (<i>Opuntia</i>sp.) Varieties during Storage (2002)

The activity of four cell wall hydrolases, pectinmethylesterase (PME), polygalacturonase (PG), cellulase, and beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal), was measured in fruit skins of two prickly pear varieties, Naranjona and Charola, during storage at 18 degrees C and 85-95% relative humidity (RH). In Naranjona (Opuntia ficus indica), of short postharvest life (ca. 2 weeks), PG, cellulase, and beta-Gal increased their activity more than twice, whereas PME activity tended to increase only slightly during storage. In Charola (Opuntia sp.), of long postharvest life (ca. 2 months), only beta-Gal increased its activity (77%), showing a high PG activity from the beginning of storage. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed middle lamella dissolution at the end of storage for both varieties. Naranjona showed a higher cell wall enzymatic activity than Charola, in agreement with their storability differences. Our results suggest that PG and cellulase in Naranjona and PG and beta-Gal in Charola are the main enzymes responsible for cell wall hydrolytic and ultrastructural changes in skins of stored prickly pears.
The past, the present and the future o oestrogen and progestogen therapy for cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women (2000)

The overwhelming body of evidence indicating that oestrogen or hormone replacement therapy may be beneficial as primary prevention in cardiovascular disease in women leads one to continue to actively counsel women who have or do not have cardiovascular risk factors that oestrogen will be indeed cardioprotective. A lack of significant data other than the HERS trial, which is the only prospective randomised trial of secondary intervention, leads one to be reluctant to intervene with oestrogen plus progestin in women who have had a cardiac event. Can oestrogen be used more than one year after the acute event is a question that can only be answered by future research. The data from the HERS trial would suggest that, if oestrogen is used, its effect on preventing subsequent cardiovascular events is low. The reason for this is that other agents used to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events such as statins have a greater efficacy. The use of other agents, most notably statins initially, with a later addition of oestrogen, should be considered. It should be remembered that oestrogen can have other positive effects on the skeleton and the central nervous system. Markers of cardiovascular risk such as C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and lipids, can be useful in counselling women who are at increased risk for coronary heart disease. The measurement of C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and a lipid profile in postmenopausal women now appears to be useful and should be incorporated into the physician's evaluation. These results should be factored into a treatment plan. The use of statins for prevention and active treatment after cardiovascular events in women is changing the prescribing habits of obstetricians and gynaecologists in the USA. Physicians treating and counselling older women now should be comfortable with including lipid altering agents in their armamentarium. The information on the selective oestrogen receptor modulator raloxifene and alternative therapies such as soy protein and isoflavones are limited and, at the present time, do not lend themselves to making definitive statements as to their efficacy in long-term cardiovascular prevention and/or treatment as secondary interventions.
Luminescence of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins. Part 3.—Heavy-atom effects (1981)

The fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes for a series of metal tetraphenylporphyrins were found to decrease with increasing spin–orbital coupling constant of the central metal ion. The triplet states gave similar effects at both 77 and 293 K, as shown by luminescence and flash photolysis studies. In particular, the triplet-state lifetimes decreased in the order Mg > Zn > Pd ≈ Cd > Hg and it was possible to relate the rate constants for non-radiative decay processes to the spin–orbital coupling constant of the metal ion although different metal ions interacted with the porphyrin π-system to a different extent.
Study of carbon contamination in Solid Oxide Cells (2014)

An attractive application for the solid oxide cell (SOC) technology is to enable reversible energy conversion. SOCs can efficiently convert chemical energy into electricity. Equally, SOCs can utilise electrical energy to upgrade low energy fuels into higher energy mixtures. A key step in the development of the reversible SOC is mitigating carbon deposition to allow stable long term operation in the presence of hydrocarbons. The work presented in this thesis describes comprehensive analysis of the performance of current state-of-the-art materials followed by the development of a copper-based electrode with both technologically relevant performance and no carbon formation during electrolysis of CO2 in the presence of methane. For current state-of-the-art nickel materials, positive bias was found to suppress carbon deposits in pure CO, while negative bias facilitated cell degradation through increased carbon formation and subsequent electrode delamination. In situ and ex situ Raman analysis of the conventional cermet Ni/Gd0.1Ce0.9O2-δ (Ni/CGO) electrodes revealed differences in amount, location and type of carbon formed during CO – CO2 electrolysis. The rate of carbon deposition was also greatly increased in the presence of H2. The positive effect of a CGO interlayer on reducing carbon formation for nickel was demonstrated. Building upon the result of the conventional electrodes’ testing, a new batch of electrodes was prepared through a low temperature metal infiltration technique. Low temperature processing allowed Cu/CGO electrodes to be fabricated, which are difficult to produce with conventional techniques because of the low melting point of copper. It was demonstrated that the electrochemical performance of Cu/CGO electrodes is equivalent to Ni/CGO electrodes, whilst carbon formation is fully suppressed. This observation suggests that the electrocatalytic activity of these electrodes is dependent on CGO rather than metal (Cu or Ni), and moreover that the electrodes are ideally suited to biogas upgrade applications without deleterious carbon deposition.
The autophagy protein <scp>LC3A</scp> correlates with hypoxia and is a prognostic marker of patient survival in clear cell ovarian cancer (2012)

Clear cell ovarian cancer histotypes exhibit metabolic features associated with resistance to hypoxia and glucose deprivation-induced cell death. This metabolic characteristic suggests that clear cell ovarian cancers activate survival mechanisms not typical of other epithelial ovarian cancers. Here we demonstrate that microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3A (LC3A), a marker of autophagy, is related to hypoxia and poor prognosis in clear cell ovarian cancer. In 485 ovarian tumours, we found that LC3A was significantly associated with poor progression-free (p = 0.0232), disease-specific (p = 0.0011) and overall patient survival (p = 0.0013) in clear cell ovarian cancer patients, but not in other subtypes examined. LC3A was an independent prognostic marker of reduced disease-specific [hazard ratio (HR): 2.55 (95% CI 1.21-5.37); p = 0.014] and overall survival [HR: 1.95 (95% CI 1.00-3.77); p = 0.049] in patients with clear cell ovarian carcinoma. We also found a strong link between autophagy and hypoxia as LC3A staining revealed a significant positive association with the hypoxia-related proteins carbonic anhydrase-IX and HIF-1α. The functional link between hypoxia and autophagy was demonstrated using clear cell and high-grade serous cell lines that were subjected to hypoxia or hypoxia + glucose deprivation. Clear cell carcinoma lines displayed greater autophagy induction and were subsequently more sensitive to inhibition of autophagy under hypoxia compared to the high-grade serous lines. Together, our findings indicate that hypoxia-induced autophagy may be crucial to the clinical pathology of clear cell ovarian cancer and is a potential explanation for histological subtype differences in patient disease progression and outcomes.
Influence of Anxiolytic Drugs (Prazepam and Diazepam) on Respiratory Center Output and CO<sub>2</sub> Chemosensitivity in Patients with Lung Diseases (1981)

Occlusion pressure at 0.1 s (P0.1) and its evolution during progressive hyperoxic hypercapnia (CO2 chemosensitivity) were measured in 40 patients. Most of them (26) were affected by asthma and /or chronic bronchitis and had mild obstruction and hypoxemia. Measurements were made after 2 days of oral prazepam, diazepam or a placebo (single-blind study). Diazepam induced a significant decrease in P0.1 without affecting CO2 chemosensitivity. In contrast, prazepam did not significantly modify P0.1 or CO2 chemosensitivity. However, P0.1 decreased in 5/18 individual cases. 1 week of treatment by prazepam has advantages over diazepam by not depressing respiratory center output.
Microheterogeneity of cytosolic and membrane-bound hexokinase II in Morris hepatoma 3924A (1994)

Phosphorylation of glucose by hexokinase is the key step in glucose and energy metabolism of the cell. In the Morris hepatoma 3924A, hexokinase II is the predominant hexokinase isoenzyme and occurs in the cytosol as well as bound to membranes. Hexokinase II was isolated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography from both the cytosolic and the mitochondria-enriched fractions and further resolved by hydrophobic-interaction chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose into two components designated hexokinase IIa and IIb. In both the soluble and the mitochondria-enriched fractions, type IIb was the predominant form, but the IIb/IIa ratio was higher in the particulate (6-8) as compared with the cytosolic fraction (1.5-2.0). Binding of the isolated forms of the enzyme to rat liver mitochondria resulted in a 2-10-fold activation of both subtypes. Biochemical characterization showed that both subtypes are closely related to the isoenzyme commonly referred to as hexokinase II, and that the microheterogeneity was not a consequence of contamination with hexokinase I or III. Both subtypes had a molecular mass of 110 kDa, they were inhibited by Pi at concentrations higher than 5 mM, and activated by the detergent CHAPS. The two subtypes differed in electrophoretic mobility (IIa > IIb), in Km values for glucose (IIa, 0.109 mM; IIb, 0.216 mM), in Ki values for glucose 6-phosphate (IIa, 25 microM; IIb, 0.106 mM), and in Ki values for glucose 1,6-biphosphate (IIa, 12.2 microM; IIb, 5.5 microM). An artificial proteolytic cleavage as cause of the hexokinase II microheterogeneity can be excluded, since both subtypes show the same molecular mass and the ability to bind to mitochondria and phenyl-Sepharose. In addition, the relative proportions of the two subtypes did not vary markedly between several enzyme preparations. Northern-blot analysis with a hexokinase II-specific cDNA probe revealed two distinct mRNA transcripts of 5.2 and 6.3 kb in length, which offers the possibility that hexokinase II microheterogeneity is due to differential RNA transcription and/or processing.
Correcting the effect of hematocrit in whole blood coagulation analysis on paper-based lateral flow device (2018)

A simple method to correct the effect of hematocrit (Hct) on a paper-based lateral flow assay device that is designed to assess whole blood coagulation is reported.
Reactive sputtered copper indium diselenide films for photovoltaic applications (1984)

Single phase chalcopyrite CuInSe2 coatings have been deposited by reactive cosputtering from Cu and In planar magnetron sources operated in an Ar+H2Se working gas. Effective sputtering yields from the conditioned Cu and In targets were approximately 0.7 and 0.5 atoms/unit charge, respectively. Sputtering rate, H2Se injection rate, and H2Se and H2 partial pressure measurements were consistent with the overall reaction Cu+In+2H2Se→CuInSe2+2H2. The formation of near-stoichiometric coatings appears to be aided at elevated temperatures by a reemission mechanism which removes excess In. Photovoltaic devices formed by evaporating CdS onto the sputtered CuInSe2 yielded short circuit currents of about 33 mA/cm2 and efficiencies of about 4%.
EXOCELLULAR BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS NRRL B-1459: PART I. CONSTITUTION (1962)

Polysaccharide B-1459 is the first bacterial polysaccharide reported to contain pyruvic acid as a constituent. The polysaccharide, isolated as the potassium salt, was shown to be composed of D-glucose, D-mannose, and D-glucuronic acid, acetic acid, and pyruvic acid in the ratio 2.8:3.0:2.0:1.7:0.51–0.63. One-third of the total mannose was released readily as free mannose by graded acid hydrolysis with only a slow loss of the high solution viscosity. The remainder of the mannose was isolated as the acid-stable aldobiouronic acid 2-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-D-mannose. Partial acid hydrolysis and preparative paper chromatography afforded two higher oligosaccharides: an aldotriouronic acid composed of glucuronic acid β-linked 1,2 to mannose with glucose as the reducing end group, and what appears to be an aldotetraouronic acid composed of glucuronic acid, mannose, and glucose.
32.1: <i>Invited Paper:</i> Q‐View: A Compression Technology for UHD Resolution, Low Power, and Low Cost LCOS Panels (2019)

Syndiant has successfully demonstrated its innovative Q‐View compression technology with the fabrication of a 4K UHD (3840x2160) LCOS micro‐display. The SYL2341 is a low‐power 0.55‐inch LCOS display for HMD and projector applications. Q‐View technology can be applied to higher resolutions beyond 4K, or to lower resolutions for significant reduction in die size and power consumption.
A new electrode chamber for stable performance in capillary electrophoresis (1999)

Prerequisite to running automated sequences of analyses in capillary electrophoresis is a stable performance of the system. The products of the electrode reaction with the running background electrolyte (BGE) may play an important role, since even the neutral products may be driven into the capillary by electroosmosis and may severely deteriorate the stability of the baseline. Here, a simple, inexpensive, and fast procedure is described for improving the stability of the performance of capillary electrophoresis using a modified vial serving as the electrode chamber for the running BGE. The modification is based on creating two separate rooms in the vial, one for the electrode and a second one for the capillary. These two rooms are connected by a cotton plug. When both rooms are filled with the running BGE, the electrolytic connection between the electrode and the capillary is ensured; however, the convective transport of the electrode reaction products into the capillary is practically eliminated.
Synthesis and applications of new trans 1-indolyl-2-(1-methyl pyridinium and quinolinium-2-yl) ethylenes (2009)

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of trans 1-(indol-2-yl)-2-(1-methylpyridinium and 1-methylquinolinium-2-yl) ethylenes is reported. In vitro antitumour activity tests show that quinolinium derivatives are more active towards MCF7 (breast), LNCap (prostate) and U87 (human gliobastoma) carcinoma cells than pyridinium ones.
Noninvasive Detection of Activating Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) Mutations in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2015)

Early identification of ESR1 mutations by liquid biopsy might allow for cessation of ineffective endocrine therapies and switching to other treatments, without the need for tissue biopsy and before the emergence of metastatic disease.
Asymmetric Synthesis of α,α-Disubstituted Amino Acids by Cycloaddition of (<i>E</i>)-Ketonitrones with Vinyl Ethers (2014)

Original acyclic (E)-α,α-dialkylketonitrones bearing a chiral auxiliary on their nitrogen atom were synthesized and successfully employed for the asymmetric synthesis of α,α-disubstituted amino acids using regio- and stereocontrolled 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with vinyl ethers. N-Glycosyl chiral auxiliaries were found to provide excellent exo- and π-facial stereocontrol. The obtained enantiopure cycloadducts were selectively transformed into functional α,α-disubstituted amino acids and related β-peptides through the highly regioselective opening of an intermediate quaternary anhydride.
Molecular beam allotaxy: a new approach to epitaxial heterostructures (1998)

The present status of a new epitaxial growth method, named molecular beam allotaxy (MBA), is reviewed. The method allows one to grow single-crystalline heterostructures in a new way; that is, the desired layer forms during annealing of a precipitate layer. The precipitates are embedded within a single-crystalline matrix, grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The key point is that the epitaxial growth of the matrix persists from the substrate through the spacings between the inclusions to the overlayer. The precipitates coarsen and coalesce into a uniform layer during a subsequent high-temperature treatment, the second processing step.
THE PULSIFIER®: A NEW INSTRUMENT FOR PREPARING FOOD SUSPENSIONS FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS <sup>1</sup> (1998)

Abstract We evaluated a new sample processor, the PULSIFIER®, for preparing food suspensions for microbiological analysis. In a comparative study on 96 samples of representative foods, Total Aerobic Counts (TACs) from “pulsified'’samples equaled or exceeded those from a Stomacher® 400 at levels up to 10 7 CFU/g, ranging up to 2x higher at low count levels. Except for already comminuted products, pulsified suspensions always contained much less food debris. For example, for 8 replicate samples of celery and carrot, average TACs of pulsified samples were higher (1.3x and 2.5x, respectively) although pulsified suspensions were clear while stomachered suspensions contained enough debris to interfere with pipetting. The superior quality of microbial suspensions from the Pulsifier has implications for general analysis as well as techniques such as PCR and ATP bioluminescence, which are easily perturbed by tissue extracts.
Status and prospects of plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (2019)

Processing at the atomic scale is becoming increasingly critical for state-of-the-art electronic devices for computing and data storage, but also for emerging technologies such as related to the internet-of-things, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing. To this end, strong interest in improving nanoscale fabrication techniques such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been present. New ALD processes are being sought continuously and particularly plasma-assisted processes are considered an enabler for a wide range of applications because of their enhanced reactivity. This review provides an update on the status and prospects of plasma-assisted ALD with a focus on the developments since the publication of the review by Profijt et al. [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 29, 050801 (2011)]. In the past few years, plasma ALD has obtained a prominent position in the field of ALD with (i) a strong application base as demonstrated by the breakthrough in high-volume manufacturing; (ii) a large number of established processes, out of which several are being enabled by the plasma step; and (iii) a wide range of plasma ALD reactor designs, demonstrating many methods by which plasma species can be applied in ALD processes. In addition, new fundamental insights have been obtained, for instance, with respect to plasma damage, on the effect of ions on the material properties and on the so-called redeposition effect. Regarding new and emerging developments, plasma ALD is expected to take a prominent position in the atomic-scale processing toolbox and will contribute to ongoing developments in area-selective deposition, controlled growth of 2D materials, and atomic layer etching.
Generation of Naivetropic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Parkinson's Disease Patients for High-Efficiency Genetic Manipulation and Disease Modeling (2015)

The lack of robust Parkinson's disease (PD) phenotype in parkin knockout rodents and the identification of defective dopaminergic (DA) neurotransmission in midbrain DA neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of PD patients with parkin mutations demonstrate the utility of patient-specific iPSCs as an effective system to model the unique vulnerabilities of midbrain DA neurons in PD. Significant efforts have been directed at developing efficient genomic engineering technologies in human iPSCs to study diseases such as PD. In the present study, we converted patient-specific iPSCs from the primed state to a naivetropic state by DOX-induced expression of transgenes (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, and Nanog) and the use of 2iL (MEK inhibitor PD0325901, GSK3 inhibitor CHIR99021, and human LIF). These patient-specific naivetropic iPSCs were pluripotent in terms of marker expression, spontaneous differentiation in vitro, and teratoma formation in vivo. They exhibited morphological, proliferative, and clonogenic characteristics very similar to naive mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC). The high clonal efficiency and proliferation rate of naivetropic iPSCs enabled very efficient gene targeting of GFP to the PITX3 locus by transcription activator-like effector nuclease. The naivetropic iPSCs could be readily reverted to the primed state upon the withdrawal of DOX, 2iL, and the switch to primed-state hESC culture conditions. Midbrain DA neurons differentiated from the reverted iPSCs retained the original phenotypes caused by parkin mutations, attesting to the robustness of these phenotypes and the usefulness of genomic engineering in patient-specific naivetropic iPSCs for studying PD.
Ferroelectric Properties of Bi<sub>4-x</sub>Yb<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Thin Films (2013)

Yb-doped bismuth titanate and random oriented Bi 4-x Yb x Ti 3 O 12 (BYbT) thin films were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate with pulsed laser deposition method. The structures and ferroelectric properties of the BYbT films were investigated. Yb doping resulted in a marked improvement in remanent polarization (P r ) and coercive field (E c ). At an applied electric field of 120kV/cm, the P r and (E c ) of the BYbT (x=0.8) films annealed at 650°C were 20 μC/cm 2 and 85 KV/cm, respectively.