gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of infection with porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in an integrated swine production system experiencing postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. (2009)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of infection with porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) through a longitudinal study in an integrated swine production system (7 farms) experiencing postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Risk factors for PCV-2 infection and for PCV-2 and PRRSV coinfection were also evaluated. Fifteen sows from each herd and 4 non-cross-fostered piglets from each sow were randomly selected at farrowing and ear-tagged at birth. Serum samples were analyzed for antibodies to PCV-2 and for detection of the PCV-2 and PRRSV genomes. Statistical analyses involved 2 approaches. The 1st approach characterized the dynamics of PCV-2 infection and their relationship with PRRSV infection. The 2nd approach analyzed the probability of being infected by PCV-2 or by both PCV-2 and PRRSV through a generalized linear mixed model incorporating sow and farm characteristics. At the 1st sampling time (1 wk of age), there was a significant relationship between sow PCV-2 infection and piglet PCV-2 infection (P < 0.0001). The risk of PCV-2 and PRRSV coinfection was 1.85 times greater in piglets from a sow with low titers of PCV-2 antibodies than in piglets from sows with medium to high titers (P = 0.03) and was 2.54, 2.40, and 2.02 times greater, respectively, in piglets from primiparous sows, PCV-2-infected sows, and farms in an area of high pig density than in piglets from sows of higher parity (P = 0.004), noninfected sows (P = 0.04), and farms in a low-density area (P = 0.09).
Development of Single-Tube Nested Real-Time PCR Assays with Long Internally Quenched Probes for Detection of Norovirus Genogroup II (2016)

The high sequence variation of RNA viruses necessitates use of degenerate primers and probes or multiple primers and probes in molecular diagnostic assays. We showed previously that PCR amplification in two rounds, first with long target-specific primers and then with short generic primers, followed by detection using long probes, can tolerate sequence variation. Here we demonstrate that long primers and probes of up to 56 nucleotides can also be applied in real-time PCR for the detection of norovirus genogroup II with improved sensitivity. Probe design (method of incorporating quenchers, use of Zen internal quencher or traditional quenchers) greatly affects the sensitivity of the real-time PCR assays.
Fast and Efficient Estimation of Individual Ancestry Coefficients (2014)

Inference of individual ancestry coefficients, which is important for population genetic and association studies, is commonly performed using computer-intensive likelihood algorithms. With the availability of large population genomic data sets, fast versions of likelihood algorithms have attracted considerable attention. Reducing the computational burden of estimation algorithms remains, however, a major challenge. Here, we present a fast and efficient method for estimating individual ancestry coefficients based on sparse nonnegative matrix factorization algorithms. We implemented our method in the computer program sNMF and applied it to human and plant data sets. The performances of sNMF were then compared to the likelihood algorithm implemented in the computer program ADMIXTURE. Without loss of accuracy, sNMF computed estimates of ancestry coefficients with runtimes ∼10-30 times shorter than those of ADMIXTURE.
Chlorogenic Acid and Rutin Play a Major Role in the In Vivo Anti-Diabetic Activity of Morus alba Leaf Extract on Type II Diabetic Rats (2012)

The leaves of the white mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) are used worldwide in traditional medicine as anti-diabetics. Various constituents of mulberry leaves, such as iminosugars (i.e. 1-deoxynojirimicin), flavonoids and related compounds, polysaccharides, glycopeptides and ecdysteroids, have been reported to exert anti-diabetic activity, but knowledge about their contribution to the overall activity is limited. The objective of the present work was to determine the in vivo anti-diabetic activity of an extract of mulberry leaves (MA), and to examine to what extent three major constituents, chlorogenic acid, rutin and isoquercitrin, might contribute to the observed activity. Quantities of the three constituents of interest in the extract were determined by using HPLC-DAD. Activity was determined by using a type II diabetic rat model. After 11 days of per os administration of 250 or 750 mg/kg of MA or the corresponding amounts of each individual compound, a dose dependent decrease of non-fasting blood glucose levels were found for MA, chlorogenic acid and rutin, but not for isoquercitrin. Based on our results, chlorogenic acid and rutin might account for as much as half the observed anti-diabetic activity of MA, hence they can be considered as excellent markers for the quality control of mulberry products.
A planar-diode frequency tripler at 1.9THz (2003)

A fix-tuned 1.9 THz frequency tripler utilizing membrane based GaAs Schottky diodes has been designed and fabricated. The chips are three microns thick with no supporting frame. One micron thick beam leads are used to ground the diodes and to hold the circuit in a split-waveguide block. Both unbalanced and balanced designs have been considered. Preliminary tests at room temperature indicate that the balanced tripler covers the band 1780-1900GHz with output power around 0.5/spl mu/W when pumped with 3mW. Up to 1.5/spl mu/W at 1810 GHz was measured when the input power was increased to 5mW.
A method of measuring jet thrust of turbojet engines in flight installations (1954)

"Measurement of the jet thrust of a turbojet engine in flight becomes more difficult as the number and complexity of the engine components increase. It is desirable, therefore, that a general correlation of jet thrust be developed which is applicable to a simple direct reading thrustmeter. In view of this need a correlation is presented which is independent of flight conditions and applicable to both non-afterburning and afterburning engines equipped with nonejector type fixed- and variable-area convergent exhaust nozzles" (p. 1)
Invertible Subset LDPC Code for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems with Low Complexity (2014)

In this paper, we introduce a new family of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, called as invertible subset LDPC (IS-LDPC) code, for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in OFDM systems with low complexity. An IS-LDPC code has a number of disjoint invertible subsets, and each invertible subset can be independently inverted to generate other valid codewords of the LDPC code. To construct IS-LDPC codes with good error-correcting performance, we propose a modified progressive edge-growth construction algorithm and verify its effectiveness by analyzing the constructed Tanner graphs. Both theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the IS-LDPC codes exhibit good error-correcting performance and the proposed PAPR reduction scheme based on IS-LDPC codes significantly reduces the PAPR. Compared with the existing coding-based candidate generation schemes, the proposed scheme has a much lower searching complexity when the codeword is transmitted by multiple OFDM symbols. With all mentioned advantages, the proposed PAPR reduction scheme based on IS-LDPC codes could serve as an attractive PAPR reduction solution for future multicarrier communication systems.
Immunization with a DNA vaccine candidate in chronic hepatitis C patients is safe, well tolerated and does not impair immune response induction after anti‐hepatitis B vaccination (2009)

Vaccination with CIGB-230 in HCV chronically-infected individuals was safe, well tolerated and did not impair the ability to respond to non-HCV antigens.
BDC-1: A robust algorithm for display stream compression (2013)

BDC-1 is a low-complexity algorithm to compress digital video in real time in a visually lossless way for transmission over display links. The algorithm is based on DPCM, with a number of improvements. The decoder infers prediction modes and quantization levels based on previously received data. The entropy coding facilitates decoding at 3 pixels per clock at low cost. The decoded image quality is superior to many state-of-the-art low-cost compression schemes, particularly on pathologically difficult and computer-generated content.
Sodium Hydrosulfate as the Catalyst for Carbohydrate Conversion into the Levulinic Acid and 5-Hydroxymetylfurfural Derivatives (2008)

The new regenerable catalyst H2SO4 + Na2SO4 for the levulinic acid production has been developed. The catalyst provides product extraction from the reaction mass with n-butanol during the reaction. The acid-catalyzed dehydration process of fructose and sucrose in three systems (homogeneous water solution, homogeneous butanol solution and two-phase system water-butanol) has been studied and compared. The ester of levulinic acid and ether of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde were found to be the main products in the presence of butanol, and their total yield is of maximum in the two-phase system. It attains 83 – 90 mol. %. The structure of 5-buthoxymethyl-2-furaldehyde was identified by PMR, NMR 13C spectroscopy and GC-MS analysis. The results obtained show that to increase the product yields one should separate the products from the catalyst and carbohydrate converted during the acid-catalyzed conversion.
Magnesiophilic Graphitic Carbon Nanosubstrate for Highly Efficient and Fast-Rechargeable Mg Metal Batteries (2019)

The high volumetric energy density of rechargeable Mg batteries (RMBs) gives them a competitive advantage over current Li ion batteries, which originates from the high volumetric capacity (∼3833 mA h cm<sup>-3</sup>) of bivalent Mg metal anodes (MMAs). On the other hand, despite their importance, there are few reports on research strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of MMAs. This paper reports that catalytic carbon nanosubstrates rather than metal-based substrates, such as Mo, Cu, and stainless steel, are essential in MMAs to improve the electrochemical performance of RMBs. In particular, three-dimensional macroporous graphitic carbon nanosubstrates (GC-NSs) with high electrical conductivities can accommodate Mg metal with significantly higher rate capabilities and Coulombic efficiencies than metal substrates, resulting in a more stable and longer-term cycling performance over 1000 cycles. In addition, while metal-based substrates suffered from undesirable Mg peeling-off, homogeneous Mg metal deposition is well-guided in GC-NSs owing to the better affinity of the Mg<sup>2+</sup> ion. These results are supported by density functional theory calculations and ex-situ characterization.
PolarMask: Single Shot Instance Segmentation with Polar Representation (2019)

In this paper, we introduce an anchor-box free and single shot instance segmentation method, which is conceptually simple, fully convolutional and can be used as a mask prediction module for instance segmentation, by easily embedding it into most off-the-shelf detection methods. Our method, termed PolarMask, formulates the instance segmentation problem as instance center classification and dense distance regression in a polar coordinate. Moreover, we propose two effective approaches to deal with sampling high-quality center examples and optimization for dense distance regression, respectively, which can significantly improve the performance and simplify the training process. Without any bells and whistles, PolarMask achieves 32.9% in mask mAP with single-model and single-scale training/testing on challenging COCO dataset. For the first time, we demonstrate a much simpler and flexible instance segmentation framework achieving competitive accuracy. We hope that the proposed PolarMask framework can serve as a fundamental and strong baseline for single shot instance segmentation tasks. Code is available at: github.com/xieenze/PolarMask.
Evaluation of encoderless vector control techniques for induction motor drives (2002)

This paper describes the investigation of speed estimation techniques for vector controlled induction motor drives. Three model reference based schemes which provide speed estimates from stator voltage and current measurements are simulated. Rotor flux, reactive power and developed torque provide the model quantities. Results indicate that the scheme based upon reactive power is least susceptible to parameter variations during steady state operation, but is inherently difficult to stabilise during transient operation. The scheme based upon rotor flux can provide an identifier which is insensitive to parameter variations for transient operation, but suffers from greater steady state error.
Mucosal Delivery of Murine Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-6 by Recombinant Strains of<i>Lactococcus lactis</i>Coexpressing Antigen and Cytokine (1998)

Lactococcus lactis is a nonpathogenic and noncolonizing bacterium which is being developed as a vaccine delivery vehicle for immunization by mucosal routes. To determine whether lactococci can also deliver cytokines to the immune system, we have constructed novel constitutive expression strains of L. lactis which accumulate a test antigen, tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC), within the cytoplasmic compartment and also secrete either murine interleukin-2 (IL-2) or IL-6. When mice were immunized intranasally with various different expression strains of L. lactis, the anti-TTFC antibody titers increased more rapidly and were substantially higher in mice immunized with the bacterial strains which secreted IL-2 or IL-6 in addition to their production of TTFC. This adjuvant effect was lost when the recombinant strains of L. lactis were killed by pretreatment with mitomycin C and could therefore be attributed to the secretion of IL-2 or IL-6 by the recombinant lactococci. These results provide the first example of the use of a cytokine-secreting, noninvasive experimental bacterial vaccine vector to enhance immune responses to a coexpressed heterologous antigen and point the way to experiments which will test the possible therapeutic efficacy of this mode of cytokine delivery.
Photochromism in 1,1‘-Bi-2-naphthols (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPhotochromism in 1,1'-Bi-2-naphtholsMarino Cavazza, Maurizio Zandomeneghi, Akihiko Ouchi, and Yoshinori KogaView Author Information Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Universita' di Pisa, via Risorgimento 35 I-56126 Pisa, Italy National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research 1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, JapanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 41, 9990–9991Publication Date (Web):October 16, 1996Publication History Received19 February 1996Published online16 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja960516bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja960516brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views697Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Chirality,Irradiation,Lasers,Quantum yield Get e-Alerts
Summarizing software artifacts (2010)

Many software artifacts are created, maintained and evolved as part of a software development project. As software developers work on a project, they interact with existing project artifacts, performing such activities as reading previously filed bug reports in search of duplicate reports. These activities often require a developer to peruse a substantial amount of text. In this paper, we investigate whether it is possible to summarize software artifacts automatically and effectively so that developers could consult smaller summaries instead of entire artifacts. To provide focus to our investigation, we consider the generation of summaries for bug reports. We found that existing conversation-based generators can produce better results than random generators and that a generator trained specifically on bug reports can perform statistically better than existing conversation-based generators. We demonstrate that humans also find these generated summaries reasonable indicating that summaries might be used effectively for many tasks.
Cytochrome P450IA1 is rapidly induced in normal human keratinocytes in the absence of xenobiotics. (1994)

Cytochrome P450IA1 is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-responsive monooxygenase enzyme with no known endogenous inducer or substrate. We investigated the effect of suspension on P450IA1 gene (CYP1A1) expression in cultured human keratinocytes without the addition of xenobiotics. To prohibit adhesion and trigger differentiation, human keratinocytes or dermal fibroblasts were suspended in medium made semisolid with methylcellulose. Following suspension, we observed dramatic increases (> 100-fold) in steady state P450IA1 mRNA in keratinocytes within 1 h; however, dermal fibroblasts were nonresponsive. This effect was not dependent on methylcellulose itself and could be achieved by suspension in medium alone or in Percoll solution. The induction of P450IA1 mRNA was independent of exogenous calcium or serum concentrations, agents commonly used to signal differentiation. Adherent keratinocytes overlaid with methylcellulose exhibited slight morphological changes accompanied by increased P450IA1 mRNA. The activity of the P450IA1 enzyme was found to parallel Northern analysis data. Changes in keratinocyte adhesion or shape also affect other PAH-responsive genes suggesting Ah receptor involvement. We report a novel mechanism for cell type-specific induction of CYP1A1 expression without the addition of xenobiotic inducers. These findings suggest a possible endogenous role for P450IA1 in stratified squamous epithelia.
La tercera Presidencia española y el futuro de la Unión Europea (2002)

El autor hace un repaso de las dos anteriores Presidencias espanolas de la Comunidad
para despues exponer el contexto en el que se va a desarrollar la tercera. Durante nuestra 
primera Presidencia se bautizo a la moneda europea como «euro» y en la segunda se impulso
el proceso euromediterraneo. En esta tercera Presidencia se han marcado unas prioridades
entre las que podriamos destacar la lucha contra el terrorismo internacional y la transicion
ordenada al euro. Es, sin duda, una gran oportunidad para construir «Mas Europa» cuantitativa
y cualitativamente, con una mayor aportacion espanola.Palabras clave: UE, Espana, integracion economica, Union Economica y Monetaria,
euro.
Clasificacion JEL: F15.
* Catedratico de Organizacion Economica Internacional y
Consejero Principal en la Comision Europea.
Chemotherapy-induced takotsubo cardiomyopathy. (2008)

Two patients presented with takotsubo cardiomyopathy after chemotherapy. Neither of the patients had any known cardiac history until the initiation of chemotherapy. These patients were treated with different chemotherapy regimens appropriate to their malignancies. After chemotherapy initiation, they presented with symptoms ranging from exertional dyspnea to cardiogenic shock requiring intra-aortic balloon pump and pressor support. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated characteristic apical ballooning with nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Both of the patients demonstrated a transient reduction in left ventricular function which resolved on follow-up echocardiography. These cases suggest a potential novel etiology for takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Hyperglycemia and neurological outcome in patients with head injury (1991)

To examine the relationship between serum glucose and the outcome of patients suffering from head injury, the authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical course of 169 patients admitted for treatment to Harborview Medical Center (a regional trauma center). All patients underwent craniotomy for evacuation of intracranial hematoma and/or placement of a subarachnoid bolt for intracranial pressure monitoring under general anesthesia. Patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less had significantly higher serum glucose levels than patients with GCS scores of 12 to 15 (mean +/- standard error of the mean 192 +/- 7 mg/dl vs. 130 +/- 8 mg/dl or 10.7 +/- 0.4 mmol/liter vs. 7.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/liter) (p less than 0.0001). Patients who subsequently remained in a vegetative state or died had significantly higher glucose levels both on admission and postoperatively than patients who had good outcome or moderate disability (217 +/- 12 mg/dl vs. 167 +/- 6 mg/dl or 12.1 +/- 0.7 mmol/liter vs. 9.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/liter on admission, and 240 +/- 16 mg/dl vs. 156 +/- 5 mg/dl or 13.3 +/- 0.9 mmol/liter vs. 8.9 +/- 0.3 mmol/liter postoperatively) (p less than 0.0001). Among the more severely injured patients (GCS score less than or equal to 8), a serum glucose level greater than 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/liter) postoperatively is associated with a significantly worse outcome (p less than 0.01). The authors conclude that severely head-injured patients frequently develop hyperglycemia and the elevated serum glucose level may aggravate ischemic insults and worsen the neurological outcome in such patients.
Unrepeatered transmission of four-channel 2.5 Gb/s WDM signal over 360km of conventional fiber with fully-engineered equipments (1995)

We demonstrate transmission of four-channel 2.5 Gb/s WDM (10 Gb/s capacity) signal over 360km of conventional fiber with field-ready equipments that incorporate functions of forward error correction and remote pumping amplification as well as other technologies for long-span transmission. We further characterize very high power transmission properties of WDM signal, and show the distance Is not shortened by the adoption of WDM scheme.
Erlang for Concurrent Programming (2008)

Erlang is a language developed to let mere mortals write, test, deploy, and debug fault-tolerant concurrent software. Developed at the Swedish telecom company Ericsson in the late 1980s, it started as a platform for developing soft realtime software for managing phone switches. It has since been open-sourced and ported to several common platforms, finding a natural fit not only in distributed Internet server applications, but also in graphical user interfaces and ordinary batch applications.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 18/2009 (2009)

Front Cover: A facile and up-scalable procedure for the preparation of spherical polyelectrolyte brushes has been developed. Loading the spherical polyelectrolyte brushes with conducing polymers leads to redispersible functional inks. The dependence of bulk DC conductivity on PPy concentration exhibits percolating behavior, which is related to the formation of a network of conducting domains within the insulating matrix. Further details can be found in the article by J. Wang,* L. Sun, K. Mpoukouvalas, B. Fassbender, E. Bonaccurso, G. Brunklaus, A. Muehlebach, F. Rime, H.-J. Butt, and G. Wegner on page 1504.