gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surgical glove powders differentially modulate macrophage and lymphocyte‐derived cytokines and eicosanoids production in vitro (1995)

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of surgical glove powders Biosorb, Keoflo, and CaCO(3) and Hydrocote (a powder-free film; Biogel) on cytokine and eicosanoid production by lipopolysaccharide/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate activated and unactivated HL60, U937, and RPMI 1788 cells, human monocyte/macrophage, and B lymphocyte cell lines. The unactivated cell culture-conditioned media contained a low level of interleukin-1alpha and -1beta, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which significantly increased after activation (p < 0.05). Exposure of unactivated cells to glove powders or Hydrocote (100 microg/ml) had little effect. However, these compounds appeared to have multiple inhibitory and stimulatory action on the production of these cytokines and eicosanoids in lipopolysaccharide/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate activated cells. For instance, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor production was inhibited only in U937 cells by Keoflo and CaCO(3), whereas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha production was stimulated by Biosorb and Keoflo in HL-60, and CaCO(3) was found to be predominantly inhibitory on tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by these cells (p < 0.05). Total transforming growth factor-beta(1) production was stimulated by Biosorb and Hydrocote in U937 and HL-60 cells, respectively, but inhibited by Keoflo in U937 cells. However, Biosorb and Keoflo inhibited transforming growth factor-beta(1) production in both HL-60 and RPMI 1788 cells, without any effect on active transforming growth factor-beta(1). With regard to eicosanoids, Biosorb and Keoflo stimulated prostaglandin E(2) production by RPMI 1788 cells, whereas it was inhibited by all glove powders in HL-60 cells. Thromboxane B(2) production was stimulated by Keoflo and inhibited by CaCO(3) and Hydrocote in U937 cells. Finally, Leukotriene B(4) synthesis was found to become stimulated by Keoflo, CaCO(3), and Hydrocote in both HL60 and RPMI 1788 cells (p < 0.05). These data indicate that exposure of activated, but not unactivated, macrophages and lymphocyte to surgical glove powders and Hydrocote differentially effects the release of cytokines and eicosanoids by these cells. Considering that cytokines and eicosanoids play an important role in mediating the inflammatory and immune responses of wound healing, complications arising from glove powder exposure in vivo may involve mechanisms which alter the type and level of cytokine and eicosanoid production.
Administration of <i>Cyperus rotundus</i> tubers extract prevents weight gain in obese Zucker rats (2007)

Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae; C. rotundus) is an Indian medicinal plant demonstrated to exert multiple health benefits. The purpose of the present study was to test the biological efficacy of C. rotundus tubers extract on weight control in obese Zucker rats. It was demonstrated that administration of 45 or 220 mg/kg/day of C. rotundus tubers hexane extract for 60 days in Zucker rats induced a significant reduction in weight gain without affecting food consumption or inducing toxicity. In vitro, 250 microg/mL of this extract was able to stimulate lipolysis in 3T3-F442 adipocytes suggesting that this medicinal plant contains activators of beta-adrenoreceptors (AR). The binding assay performed on the rat beta3-AR isoform, known to induce thermogenesis, demonstrated that C. rotundus tubers extract can consistently and effectively bind to this receptor. These data suggest that the effect on weight gain exerted by C. rotundus tubers extract may be mediated, at least partially, through the activation of the beta3-AR. In conclusion, C. rotundus tubers extract prove to be a new herbal supplement for controlling body weight preferentially in beta3-AR sensitive species.
Direct measurements reveal non-Markovian fluctuations of DNA threading through a solid-state nanopore (2016)

The threading of a polymer chain through a small pore is a classic problem in polymer dynamics and underlies nanopore sensing technology. However important experimental aspects of the polymer motion in a solid-state nanopore, such as an accurate measurement of the velocity variation during translocation, have remained elusive. In this work we analysed the translocation through conical quartz nanopores of a 7 kbp DNA double-strand labelled with six markers equally spaced along its contour. These markers, constructed from DNA hairpins, give direct experimental access to the translocation dynamics. On average we measure a 5% reduction in velocity during the translocation. We also find a striking correlation in velocity fluctuations with a decay constant of 100s of μs. These results shed light on hitherto unresolved problems in the dynamics of DNA translocation and provide guidance for experiments seeking to determine positional information along a DNA strand.
Indirubin-3′-Oxime Reverses Bone Loss in Ovariectomized and Hindlimb-Unloaded Mice Via Activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling (2013)

Osteoporosis is a major global health issue in elderly people. Because Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a key role in bone homeostasis, we screened activators of this pathway through cell-based screening, and investigated indirubin-3'-oxime (I3O), one of the positive compounds known to inhibit GSK3β, as a potential anti-osteoporotic agent. Here, we show that I3O activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling via inhibition of the interaction of GSK3β with β-catenin, and induced osteoblast differentiation in vitro and increased calvarial bone thickness ex vivo. Intraperitoneal injection of I3O increased bone mass and improved microarchitecture in normal mice and reversed bone loss in an ovariectomized mouse model of age-related osteoporosis. I3O also increased thickness and area of cortical bone, indicating improved bone strength. Enhanced bone mass and strength correlated with activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as shown by histological analyses of both trabecular and cortical bones. I3O also restored mass and density of bone in hindlimb-unloaded mice compared with control, suspended mice, demonstrating bone-restoration effects of I3O in non-aged-related osteoporosis as well. Overall, I3O, a pharmacologically active small molecule, could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.
Analysis by Electromigration plus Chromatography (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis by Electromigration plus ChromatographyH. H. Strain and J. C. SullivanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1951, 23, 6, 816–823Publication Date (Print):June 15, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 June 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60054a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60054a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of a Cavitation-Erosion Resistant Stainless Steels for Sea Water Hydraulic Machines (1987)

Recently, large sea water systems are being developed. Hydrauric machines used in the systems require high resistance to cavitation-erosion as well as to marine corrosion, and must be easily manufactured at low cost. This study aims at developing materials suitable for these hydraulic machines. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The cavitation-erosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel is determined by the hardness of the cavitation-hardened surface layer. 2) The hardened surface layer is generated by the martensitic transformation of unstable austenite phase exposed to cavitation. 3) A especialy arranged and Co contained 18Cr stainless steel shows good resistance to cavitation-erosion as well as to marine corrosion.
Efficient Dissemination of Emergency Information using a Social Network (2014)

In the recent years social networks have undergone explosive growth. They have been used as major tools for the spread of information, ideas and notications among the members of the network. In this paper we aim at exploiting this new communication channel for emergency notication, to de-liver emergency information to all appropriate recipients. We develop ESCAPE, our system for ecient dissemination of emergency information in social networks. We propose an approach that investigates the interactions and relation-ships established between the members of the social group, and develops a scalable dissemination mechanism that se-lects the most ecient routes to maximize the information reach. Our experimental results illustrate the feasibility and performance of our approach.
R Plasmids in <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> (Group B) (1976)

Two plasmids determining resistance to tetracycline (RIP500) and to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, lincomycin, and pristinamycin I (RIP501) were isolated from a strain of Streptococcus agalactiae. The frequency-of-resistance loss is very low for RIP500 (<3 x 10(4)) but higher for RIP501 (the efficiency was dependent upon the curing agents and incubation temperature and varied between 0.5 and 96%). Derivatives susceptible to all drugs were also obtained. RIP500 and RIP501 have similar molecular weights (17.9 x 10(6) and 20 x 10(6), respectively) and represent different percentages of total deoxyribonucleic acid (0.4 and 4%, respectively). The number of copies of RIP500 and RIP501 per cell is different, and these plasmids are likely replicated under different kinds of control (stringent and/or relaxed). No plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was found in a derivative of strain B96 susceptible to all drugs.
TILT PROP-ROTOR COMPOSITE RESEARCH AIRCRAFT (1968)

A preliminary design study for a composite research aircraft was conducted. The primary objectives were to define the optimum design and to prepare a program for the follow-on development of a VTOL rotary-wing composite research aircraft embodying the low disc loading and low-speed maneuverability of the helicopter and the high speed and lift/drag ratios of fixed-wing aircraft. The D266 Composite Research Aircraft design that resulted is based on the demonstrated and proved tilting-rotor concept. Design gross weight of the D266 is 23,000 pounds. Power is provided by two General Electric T64-GE-12 free-turbine engines. Design complexity is no greater than that of a twin- engine dual-rotor helicopter. All flight procedures are simple and straightforward and may be performed by one pilot. The cargo compartment, which exceeds the requirements, provides space for 24 troops.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels‐Alder Reactions of Conjugated Dienes with Glyoxylate. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Product Importance Sampling for Light Transport Path Guiding (2016)

The efficiency of Monte Carlo algorithms for light transport simulation is directly related to their ability to importance-sample the product of the illumination and reflectance in the rendering equation. Since the optimal sampling strategy would require knowledge about the transport solution itself, importance sampling most often follows only one of the known factors – BRDF or an approximation of the incident illumination. To address this issue, we propose to represent the illumination and the reflectance factors by the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), which we fit by using a combination of weighted expectation maximization and non-linear optimization methods. The GMM representation then allows us to obtain the resulting product distribution for importance sampling on-the-fly at each scene point. For its efficient evaluation and sampling we preform an up-front adaptive decimation of both factor mixtures. In comparison to state-of-the-art sampling methods, we show that our product importance sampling can lead to significantly better convergence in scenes with complex illumination and reflectance.
Refilling of carbon nanotube cartridges for 3D nanomanufacturing (2016)

Metal-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known to be used as pen-tip injectors for 3D manufacturing on the nanoscale. However, the CNT interior cannot accumulate enough material to fabricate complex metallic nanostructures. Therefore a method for refilling the CNT cartridge needs to be developed. The strategy for refilling of CNT cartridges is suggested in this study. Controlled growth of gold nanowires in the interior of isolated CNTs using a real-time manipulator installed in a transmission electron microscope is reported herein. The encapsulation process of discrete gold nanoparticles in the hollow spaces of open-ended multi-wall CNTs was evaluated in detail. The experimental results reveal that the serial loading of isolated gold nanoparticles allows the control of the length of the loaded nanowires with nanometer accuracy. Thermophoresis and the coalescence of gold nanoparticles are assumed to be the primary mechanisms responsible for gold loading into a CNT cartridge.
Functional analysis of the large periplasmic loop of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> K‐12 WaaL O‐antigen ligase (2008)

WaaL is a membrane enzyme implicated in ligating undecaprenyl-diphosphate (Und-PP)-linked O antigen to lipid A-core oligosaccharide. We determined the periplasmic location of a large (EL5) and small (EL4) adjacent loops in the Escherichia coli K-12 WaaL. Structural models of the EL5 from the K-12, R1 and R4 E. coli ligases were generated by molecular dynamics. Despite the poor amino acid sequence conservation among these proteins, the models afforded similar folds consisting of two pairs of almost perpendicular alpha-helices. One alpha-helix in each pair contributes a histidine and an arginine facing each other, which are highly conserved in WaaL homologues. Mutations in either residue rendered WaaL non-functional, since mutant proteins were unable to restore O antigen surface expression. Replacements of residues located away from the putative catalytic centre and non-conserved residues within the centre itself did not affect ligation. Furthermore, replacing a highly conserved arginine in EL4 with various amino acids inactivates WaaL function, but functionality reappears when the positive charge is restored by a replacement with lysine. These results lead us to propose that the conserved amino acids in the two adjacent periplasmic loops could interact with Und-PP, which is the common component in all WaaL substrates.
A Deep and Tractable Density Estimator (2013)

The Neural Autoregressive Distribution Estimator (NADE) and its real-valued version RNADE are competitive density models of multidimensional data across a variety of domains. These models use a fixed, arbitrary ordering of the data dimensions. One can easily condition on variables at the beginning of the ordering, and marginalize out variables at the end of the ordering, however other inference tasks require approximate inference. In this work we introduce an efficient procedure to simultaneously train a NADE model for each possible ordering of the variables, by sharing parameters across all these models. We can thus use the most convenient model for each inference task at hand, and ensembles of such models with different orderings are immediately available. Moreover, unlike the original NADE, our training procedure scales to deep models. Empirically, ensembles of Deep NADE models obtain state of the art density estimation performance.
Processing of IPv6 "Atomic" Fragments (2013)

The IPv6 specification allows packets to contain a Fragment Header
without the packet being actually fragmented into multiple pieces (we
refer to these packets as fragments). Such packets are
typically sent by hosts that have received an ICMPv6 Packet Too Big
error message that advertises a Next-Hop MTU smaller than 1280 bytes,
and are currently processed by some implementations as normal
fragmented traffic (i.e., they are reassembled with any other
queued fragments that supposedly correspond to the same original
packet). Thus, an attacker can cause hosts to employ atomic fragments
by forging ICMPv6 Packet Too Big error messages, and then launch any
fragmentation-based attacks against such traffic. This document
discusses the generation of the aforementioned atomic fragments and
the corresponding security implications. Additionally, this document
formally updates RFC 2460 and RFC 5722, such that IPv6 atomic
fragments are processed independently of any other fragments, thus
completely eliminating the aforementioned attack vector.
Genetics, biology and clinical management of myeloid cell primary immune deficiencies: chronic granulomatous disease and leukocyte adhesion deficiency (2007)

The most important subjects reviewed in this chapter include new advances in development of gene therapy for chronic granulomatous disease and leukocyte adhesion deficiency-I; transplantation for leukocyte adhesion deficiency-I; prenatal diagnosis of leukocyte adhesion deficiency-I; and association of autoimmune diseases with chronic granulomatous disease.
Applications of EM holographic methods to borehole vertical electric source data to map a fuel oil spill (1993)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993Applications of EM holographic methods to borehole vertical electric source data to map a fuel oil spillAuthors: L. C. BartelL. C. BartelSandia National Laboratorieshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822490 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822490FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1993 Pages: 1396 publication data© 1993 Copyright © 1993 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION L. C. Bartel, (1993), "Applications of EM holographic methods to borehole vertical electric source data to map a fuel oil spill," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 373-376. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822490 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Dynamic computed tomography with known motion field (2004)

We investigate how to achieve image reconstruction when the density map changes in time according to a known continuous motion field. We present here an ART iterative algorithm with a projection operator and a backprojection operator that are matched to ensure fast convergence and are both computationally efficient. This algorithm applies to arbitrary continuous motion fields provided there is conservation of mass. Successful reconstruction results from computer-simulated data are presented. We also propose a method for evaluating the su±ciency of the data and predicting image quality of the reconstruction based on both the acquired angular range and the known motion field. We suggest a method of selecting an angular acquisition range to deal with periodic motion and give it as a hypothesis that this method ensures data sufficiency. Simulation results are given to substantiate this hypothesis.
Effects of Solvents, Temperature, and Plasticizer on Film Coating of Tablets (1997)

The effects of solvent composition, temperature, solvent retention, plasticizers, and polishing on the disintegration and percent dissolution of various nonaqueous film coated tablets were studied. A mixture of isopropanol-dichloromethane used as solvent systems for the film coating of ranitidine hydrochloride tablets resulted in reduced film peel-off time, decreased disintegration time, and increased percent dissolution. The effect of prewarming the coating bed of cimetidine tablets revealed an increase in percent dissolution compared to no prewarming condition. In contrast, an increase in temperature of the tablet bed resulted in higher disintegration time and lower percent dissolution of ibuprofen tablets. Ranitidine hydrochloride film coated tablets polished with polyethylene glycol showed lower disintegration time and higher percent dissolution than those polished with beeswax. The presence of plasticizer in the coating solution resulted in decreased disintegration time and higher percent dissolution for norfloxacin tablets.
Physical constraints on<i>c</i><sub>13</sub>and δ for transversely isotropic hydrocarbon source rocks (2015)

ABSTRACT Based on the theory of anisotropic elasticity and observation of static mechanic measurement of transversely isotropic hydrocarbon source rocks or rock‐like materials, we reasoned that one of the three principal Poisson's ratios of transversely isotropic hydrocarbon source rocks should always be greater than the other two and they should be generally positive. From these relations, we derived tight physical constraints on c 13 , Thomsen parameter δ, and anellipticity parameter η. Some of the published data from laboratory velocity anisotropy measurement are lying outside of the constraints. We analysed that they are primarily caused by substantial uncertainty associated with the oblique velocity measurement. These physical constraints will be useful for our understanding of Thomsen parameter δ, data quality checking, and predicting δ from measurements perpendicular and parallel to the symmetrical axis of transversely isotropic medium. The physical constraints should also have potential application in anisotropic seismic data processing.
Expanding the Utility of One‐Pot Multistep Reaction Networks through Compartmentation and Recovery of the Catalyst (2006)

Controlled catalysis: The combination of magnetically and gravimetrically recoverable catalysts such as the nanoparticle-bound base (see picture; blue) and the resin-bound acid (green), respectively, allow the application of non-complementary catalysts to multistep, one-pot reaction cascades (e.g. A→B→C). The catalysts are recovered after reaction and reused in subsequent, unrelated reactions. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z503445_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Fast, Reversible, and General Photomechanical Motion in Single Crystals of Various Azo Compounds Using Visible Light (2013)

Pseudostilbene-type single crystals exhibit ubiquitous, fast, and reversible photomechanical motion under visible-light irradiation. Push-pull substituents impart extremely rapid switching using just one wavelength of light by shortening the lifetime of the cis-form. This results in a bending motion in the microsecond regime. The influence of crystal density, thickness, and molecular orientation on optimization of the photomechanical effect is investigated.