gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of loss of sleep. I. (1922)

The results of this experiment were obtained from three subjects who went without sleep from the ordinary rising time one day until the ordinary retiring time the second night following, a period of from sixty to sixty-five hours. The subjects were given dynametric, reading, aiming, tapping, and mental multiplication tests once each day beginning several days before the period of insomnia and continuing four or five days after the insomnia. Qualitative effects from loss of sleep, such as nervousness, headache, dizziness, irritability, disturbance of speech, and the like, were more or less marked in all three O's. The quantitative data from the tests, however, were practically negative. In so far as the scores showed any positive effect, they showed a deleterious one. But with the exception of one or two cases the variations in performance during the period of insomnia were no wider than the variations preceding or following insomnia. From Psych Bulletin 19:09:00617. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Dispersion management in optical networks (1997)

Transmission of 8-wavelength, 2.5 Gb/s signals on a 2215 km optical path through all three testbeds of the MONET New Jersey Network is reported. The system performance varies with the order of occurrence of high-dispersion and low-dispersion network segments, suggesting a need for careful network design even when the total dispersion in the network is considerably lower than the theoretical limit.
Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Can See More:  The Case of Cytochrome c (2008)

The heme protein, cytochrome c (Cc) has been studied using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). By virtue of its sensitivity and superior spatial resolution, TERS detected both the heme and amino acid vibrational bands of Cc using resonance excitation at 532 nm. This is in contrast to conventional surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) where ensemble information is obtained, leading to the strongest Raman bands obscuring the weaker ones; i.e., only the resonantly enhanced heme bands are observed. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry supported the interpretation of the Raman data by showing that Cc remains intact on Ag surfaces. This work demonstrates the sensitivity of TERS for analyzing proteins (complete with band assignments) and that a collection of TER spectra gives a more complete description of large biomolecules. The latter is an important advantage usually not found in SERS measurements.
Synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels by radiation polymerization and crosslinking (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels by radiation polymerization and crosslinkingNoriyasu Nagaoka, Agneza Safrani, Masaru Yoshida, Hideki Omichi, Hitoshi Kubota, and Ryoichi KatakaiCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 26, 7386–7388Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00078a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00078a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1132Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Immunization of heifers against gonadotropin-releasing hormone: antibody titers, ovarian function, body growth, and carcass characteristics1 (1995)

To investigate the effects of active immunization of cyclic beef heifers with different doses of a human serum albumin-Cys-Gly-GnRH (HSA-GnRH) conjugate on antibody titers, ovarian function, body growth, and carcass characteristics, 32 heifers (BW = 477 +/- 7.1 kg; mean +/- SE) were assigned to one of four immunization treatments: .1 mg of HSA or .01, .1, or 1.0 mg of HSA-GnRH, respectively. All heifers received a primary (d 0) and booster (d 28) immunization using DEAE-dextran as adjuvant. The duration of the experiment was 158 d. Overall antibody titers against GnRH were greater (P < .05) for heifers immunized against GnRH (13 +/- 3.3, 22 +/- 3.8, and 19 +/- 2.8% binding at a plasma dilution of 1: 640 for Treatments 2 to 4, respectively) than for controls (1 +/- .1%). The numbers of heifers that became anestrous (plasma progesterone < .5 ng/mL for > 21 d) were 1/8, 8/8, 7/8, and 8/8, respectively. The interval from primary immunization to anestrus (40.7 +/- 6 d) and the duration of anestrus (78 +/- 7 d) were not affected by dose of HSA-GnRH conjugate. The number of ovulations detected was reduced (P < .05) in GnRH-immunized (4.6 +/- .64, 4.0 +/- .70, and 3.6 +/- .60 for Treatments 2 to 4, respectively) compared with control heifers (9.4 +/- .20). During induced anestrus, follicular growth was generally arrested (< 5 mm in diameter) and plasma estradiol decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Deimination of Histone H2A and H4 at Arginine 3 in HL-60 Granulocytes (2005)

Interplay of various covalent modifications of histone tails has an essential role in regulation of chromatin function. Peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI) 4 deiminates protein arginine to citrulline in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner and is present in the nucleus of granulocyte-differentiated HL-60 cells. When these cells are treated with the calcium ionophore A23187, core histone deimination occurs. To determine the deimination sites of histones, histone species were purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) from the cells. Immunoblotting using antimodified citrulline antibody indicated that histones H2A, H3, and H4 but not H2B were deiminated. H2A and H4 were digested with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, and the digests were separated by RP-HPLC. Immuno dot-blotting and mass spectrometry showed that the deiminated residues were present in H2A (1-56) and H4 (1-52) regions but not in other regions. The H2A peptide (1-56) was digested with alpha-chymotrypsin, and the deiminated peptide was separated from the corresponding nondeiminated peptide by RP-HPLC. The deiminated residue was found to be limited to residues 1-23. Similarly, digestion of the H4 peptide (1-52) with endoproteinase Asp-N and separation of the deiminated peptide from the nondeiminated peptide indicated that the deiminated residue was limited to residues 1-23. Mass spectrometry of lysylendopeptidase digests of the H2A (1-23) and H4 (1-23) peptides showed that deimination occurred at arginine 3 of the N-terminal sequence Ac-SGRGK common to H2A and H4. These results suggest that PADI4 deiminates only a restricted site of target proteins in cells. Deimination of histones is discussed in relation to chromatin structure and function.
Studies of the Ti‐W Metallization System on Si (1976)

MeV backscattering spectrometry and x‐ray diffraction are used to investigate the behavior of sputter‐deposited Ti‐W mixed films on Si substrates. During vacuum anneals at temperatures of 700°C for several hours, the metallization layer reacts with the substrate. Backscattering analysis shows that the resulting compound layer is uniform in composition and contains Ti, W, and Si. The Ti:W ratio in the compound corresponds to that of the deposited metal film. X‐ray analyses with Reed and Guinier cameras reveal the presence of the ternary compound. Its composition is unaffected by oxygen contamination during anneal, but the reaction rate is affected. The rate measured on samples with about 15% oxygen contamination is linear, of the order of 0.5 Å/sec at 725°C, and depends on the crystallographic orientation of the substrate and the d‐c bias during sputter deposition of the Ti‐W film.
Immobilized Enzymes: Analytical Applications (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImmobilized Enzymes: Analytical ApplicationsHoward H. WeetallCite this: Anal. Chem. 1974, 46, 7, 602A–615APublication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online24 May 2012Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60343a721https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60343a721research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views191Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A transformation for integrating VHDL behavioral specification with synthesis and software generation (1994)

VHDL signals and wait statements provide great ezpressiue power for behavioral specification. However, due to their climulation semantics, most high-level synthesis tools severely restrict their use, eliminating much of their power. Thus, there exists a need for a tool to bridge the gap between an arbitrary VHDL behavioral specification and existing synthesis tools. In this paper, we introduce a set of transformations to convert a VHDL description with signals and wait statements to equivalent constructs that are easily handled by high-level synthesis. The proposed transformations greatly enlarge the synthesizable VHDL subset, thus increasing the usefulness and practicality of the language as an input to high-level synthesis tools. These same transformations can also serve as a basis for converting a VHDL process to a form suitable for generation of software.
Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>--Phosphonic Acids (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVitamin B6--Phosphonic AcidsRaymond Bennett, Alfred Burger, and W. W. UmbreitCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1958, 1, 3, 213–221Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm50004a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm50004a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Monolayer of amphiphilic functionalized gold nanoparticles at an air-water interface (2008)

Langmuir films at the air-water interface exhibit a variety of surface phases which arise primarily due to the molecular interaction governed by intermolecular separation. We have studied the thermodynamical aspects of Langmuir monolayers of amphiphilic functionalized gold nanoparticles (AGNs) at the air-water (A-W) interface. Interestingly, the AGN monolayer exhibits phases like gas, a low-ordered liquid (L1) , a high-ordered liquid (L2) , and a collapsed state. We find that the first-order phase transition between L1 and L2 vanishes above a critical temperature of 28.4 degrees C . Surprisingly, for a range of higher temperatures ( > or = 29.4 degrees C and < or = 36.3 degrees C ), the L1 phase undergoes a transition to a bilayer of the L2 phase before entering into the collapsed state.
Differential Binding Profile and Internalization Process of Neurotensin via Neuronal and Glial Receptors (1997)

Two G-protein-coupled receptors for the tridecapeptide neurotensin (NT) have been identified and cloned in mammalian brain: a high-affinity (Kd = 0.3 nM) receptor, sensitive to the antagonist SR 48692 but insensitive to levocabastine, and a lower-affinity (Kd = 2-4 nM) receptor, sensitive to levocabastine but with poor affinity for SR 48692. Although there is good evidence that the high-affinity site is predominantly expressed in neurons, little is known of the cellular localization of the low-affinity receptor. In the present study, we identify by confocal microscopy selective levocabastine-sensitive, SR 48692-resistant binding of a fluorescent derivative of NT (fluo-NT) to a subpopulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive glial cells grown in culture from the midbrain and cerebral cortex of embryonic and neonatal rats, respectively. We also demonstrate, by combining fluo-NT detection with tyrosine hydroxylase immunofluorescence, that these glial binding sites are differentially regulated from the SR 48692-sensitive NT receptor expressed in the same cultures by mesencephalic dopamine neurons. Whereas the latter undergoes rapid ligand-induced internalization followed by centripetal mobilization of ligand-receptor complexes from processes to perikarya and from perikaryal periphery to cell center, the former induces the formation of cell-surface clusters that fail to internalize. It is concluded that NT may exert its effects on both neurons and astrocytes in the CNS. Whereas NT neural signaling is exerted through high-affinity receptors and may be partly effected through internalization of receptor-ligand complexes, glial signaling is exerted through low-affinity NT receptors and appears to be transduced exclusively at the level of the plasma membrane.
Exploiting Dynamic Resource Allocation for Efficient Parallel Data Processing in the Cloud (2011)

In recent years ad hoc parallel data processing has emerged to be one of the killer applications for Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds. Major Cloud computing companies have started to integrate frameworks for parallel data processing in their product portfolio, making it easy for customers to access these services and to deploy their programs. However, the processing frameworks which are currently used have been designed for static, homogeneous cluster setups and disregard the particular nature of a cloud. Consequently, the allocated compute resources may be inadequate for big parts of the submitted job and unnecessarily increase processing time and cost. In this paper, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for efficient parallel data processing in clouds and present our research project Nephele. Nephele is the first data processing framework to explicitly exploit the dynamic resource allocation offered by today's IaaS clouds for both, task scheduling and execution. Particular tasks of a processing job can be assigned to different types of virtual machines which are automatically instantiated and terminated during the job execution. Based on this new framework, we perform extended evaluations of MapReduce-inspired processing jobs on an IaaS cloud system and compare the results to the popular data processing framework Hadoop.
PZT material properties at UHF and microwave frequencies derived from FBAR measurements (2005)

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is a high dielectric constant, /spl epsiv//sub r//sup S/, high coupling, k/sub t//sup 2/, piezoelectric material with possible application to film bulk acoustic resonators (FBAR) at low microwave frequencies. PZT is a widely used material at audio and low MHz range frequencies, but the high acoustic attenuation of PZT tends to preclude its use above UHF. Likewise, the bulk dielectric/piezoelectric/elastic (DPE) properties are well known at low frequencies, but the thin film properties have not been as well measured into the microwave range. To obtain better data, the material properties of thin film PZT deposited by several methods were measured at GHz frequencies from air- or silicon-backed FBARs fabricated on silicon wafers. PZT thin films, deposited by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), sol-gel deposition, RF sputtering, or jet vapor deposition, were obtained from various sources. The films examined ranged from 0.4 to 2 /spl mu/m in thickness, and were deposited on thin (/spl sim/0.1 /spl mu/m) Pt or Ir bottom electrodes. The samples had compositions within the tetragonal phase (Zr/Ti = 30/70, 40/60) or near the morphotropic phase boundary (Zr/Ti = 50/50). Scattering parameter, S/sub 11/, vs frequency measurements were made. Using the Mason equivalent circuit model, the DPE coefficients were extracted by varying parameters in the Mason model until the predicted S/sub 11/ vs frequency fitted the measured data. The devices exhibited /spl epsiv//sub r//sup S/ in the range of 300 to 500, k/sub t//sup 2/ between 5% and 35%, and acoustic attenuation from 400 to 2100 dB/cm at 1 GHz.
Focused ion beam designs for sputter deposition (1979)

For efficient deposition of thin films using ion beam sputtering, a high ion current density is desired. We have redesigned the ion extraction optics of a broad beam multiaperture ion source to focus the beam to a 2.5-cm-diam target area. Two focusing methods are described. One uses spherically dished grids, current densities of Ar+ up to 26 mA cm−2 at 1000 eV are acheived at a focal distance of 13 cm, etching a Si target up to 300 Å s−1. The average current density over the target area is 7.7 mA cm−2, more than six times the current density delivered by a parallel beam system with the same aperture dimensions.
청소년 스포츠사회화 주관자와 자아정체감 및 생활체육 참가 간의 관계 (2005)

The principal purpose of this study is to analyze closely the causal effects among socializing agents of sport, self-identity and participation in sport for all of adolescents. For this purpose the research was administered to 448 male and female adolescents dwelling in both Kyeonggi Province and Seoul. Data were collected through samples by means of cluster sampling method. The questionnaire for data collection of this study was based on those used in domestic previous studies of Kim ggi-young(1997)， Kim Jeong Sun`s(1987)， Lee Jeong Young`s(1989, 1991), Park Young Kwan`s(1997)， Bang Jee Sun`s(1997)， Lee Jae Hong`s(1993), Lim Burn Jang(1995), McPerson`s(1972), and Greendorfer`s(1974), and used them after examing the verification of validity and reliability through pilot test. The methods of Statistics used to analyze the collected datas were Multiple regression method analysis. The following is conlusions brought through these analyzing methods and process in this study of adolescents. 1. It were supported by hypothesis 1 the relationship between socializing agents of sport and self-identity in sport for all of adolescents. 2. It were not supported by hypothesis 2 of the relationship between socializing agents of sport and participation in sport for all of adolescents. 3. It were partialy supported by hypothesis 3 of the relationship among socializing agents of sport, self-identity and participation in sport for all of adolescents.
A Critical Review of Robustness in Power Grids Using Complex Networks Concepts (2015)

This paper reviews the most relevant works that have investigated robustness in power grids using Complex Networks (CN) concepts. In this broad field there are two different approaches. The first one is based solely on topological concepts, and uses metrics such as mean path length, clustering coefficient, efficiency and betweenness centrality, among many others. The second, hybrid approach consists of introducing (into the CN framework) some concepts from Electrical Engineering (EE) in the effort of enhancing the topological approach, and uses novel, more efficient electrical metrics such as electrical betweenness, net-ability, and others. There is however a controversy about whether these approaches are able to provide insights into all aspects of real power grids. The CN community argues that the topological approach does not aim to focus on the detailed operation, but to discover the unexpected emergence of collective behavior, while part of the EE community asserts that this leads to an excessive simplification. Beyond this open debate it seems to be no predominant structure (scale-free, small-world) in high-voltage transmission power grids, the vast majority of power grids studied so far. Most of them have in common that they are vulnerable to targeted attacks on the most connected nodes and robust to random failure. In this respect there are only a few works that propose strategies to improve robustness such as intentional islanding, restricted link addition, microgrids and Energies 2015, 8 9212 smart grids, for which novel studies suggest that small-world networks seem to be the best topology.
Intravenous glucagon-like peptide 1 normalizes blood glucose after major surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes (2004)

As far as can be concluded on the basis of our data with the infusion of GLP-1 over 8 hrs in eight patients, GLP-1 can be used to reduce glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes after major surgery.
The Stereoscopic Art — a Reprint (1953)

An accelerated interest in stereoscopic photography has been inspired in recent years by the appearance of compact, well-designed cameras and viewing devices marketed at moderate prices. These new products and their increasingly widespread use support the belief that any art such as stereoscopic representation depends for popularity, indeed for survival, on the equipment available to enable people to practice the art.
Cost-Sensitive Tree of Classifiers (2012)

Recently, machine learning algorithms have successfully entered large-scale real-world industrial applications (e.g. search engines and email spam filters). Here, the CPU cost during test time must be budgeted and accounted for. In this paper, we address the challenge of balancing the test-time cost and the classifier accuracy in a principled fashion. The test-time cost of a classifier is often dominated by the computation required for feature extraction-which can vary drastically across eatures. We decrease this extraction time by constructing a tree of classifiers, through which test inputs traverse along individual paths. Each path extracts different features and is optimized for a specific sub-partition of the input space. By only computing features for inputs that benefit from them the most, our cost sensitive tree of classifiers can match the high accuracies of the current state-of-the-art at a small fraction of the computational cost.