gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
luxAB gene fusions with the arsenic and cadmium resistance operons of Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pI258 (1993)

pC101, a novel shuttle vector between Escherichia coli and Straphylococcus aureus carrying the lux genes encoding luciferase from Vibrio harveyi, selectable ampicillin and chloramphenicol markers and origins of replication for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria has been constructed. The inducibility of the arsenic and cadmium operon from S. aureus plasmid pI258 to different ions has been tested in E. coli and in S. aureus with two fusions in pC101: an arsB - luxAB and a cadA-luxAB transcriptional gene fusion. Patterns of induction are influenced by the host strain and are slightly different from previous reports using the blaZ gene as reporter gene.
Finite element analysis of elasto-plastic for large-area pre-loading field (2005)

This essay take the biot consolidation theory as the guide.According to the different qualities of the soil,we can use finite element method and different soil models to calculate the large area loading field. This method is more approached to the true condition,and was compared with the real final results that is contented.
Highly efficient Cherenkov radiation in photonic crystal fibers for broadband visible wavelength generation (2010)

We investigate the dependence of Cherenkov radiation (CR) on pump pulse parameters and its evolution along the propagation distance. Using a Ti:sapphire laser emitting 10 fs pulses as the pump source, we demonstrate highly efficient (>40%), broadband (>50 nm) CR in the visible-wavelength range with a threshold energy less than 100 pJ and a tuning range over 100 nm.
Growth factors in the aqueous humor and their therapeutic implications in glaucoma and anterior segment disorders of the human eye (1991)

Abstract The presence of growth‐promoting substances in the aqueous humor has been suspected for the past decade, but it has been only during the last 2 years that the existence of growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factorp, transferrin, and insulin‐like growth factors in the aqueous humor has been demonstrated. The structures that border the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye syn‐ thesize some of these growth factors and release them into the aqueous humor. A breakdown of the blood‐aqueous‐barrier increases the amounts of growth factors and may also bring platelet‐derived growth factor, nerve growth factor, and interleukin‐6 into the aqueous humor. Growth factors maintain the normal function of ocular tissues in health and have a significant role in the pathogenesis and possible management of several disorders of the eye. The outcome of the pathogenetic process and its modulation are determined by a complex coordination and interactions of the growth factors in the aqueous humor and their eventual effect on the target tissues. We discuss the therapeutic implications of growth factors and their antagonists in the treatment of certain disorders of the anterior segment of the eye, including rubeosis iridis, neovascular glaucoma, primary open‐angle glaucoma, sand wound after filtration Surgery.
Very Stable and Highly Regioselective Supported Ionic‐Liquid‐Phase (SILP) Catalysis: Continuous‐Flow Fixed‐Bed Hydroformylation of Propene (2004)

The advantages of heterogeneous catalysis and transition-metal catalysis in ionic liquids are combined in rhodium bisphosphine catalysts in an ionic-liquid phase on a silica support. These active, regioselective, and highly stable catalysts were applied in a fixed-bed reactor for the continuous-flow gas-phase hydroformylation of propene. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z461534_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Infectivity and virulence of cell-associated SIVmac after single passage in vivo (1994)

Niphuis, H.; Dubbes, R. H.; ten Haaft, P. J.F.; Koornstra, W. H.; Bontrop, R. E.; Cranage, M. P.; Heeney, J. L. Author Information
Direct Growth of Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on Treated Stainless Steel Substrates (2007)

Growth of aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on electrically conductive substrates is promising for many applications; however, the lack of complete understanding of the substrate effects on CNT growth poses a lot of technical challenges. Here, we report the direct growth of aligned multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs) on chemically treated stainless steel (Type 304) using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. A detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis has been carried out for the various treated samples in order to better understand the correlation between the surface properties of the substrates and the MWNT growth. The XPS studies revealed that the CNTs prefer to grow on the enriched surface of iron oxides obtained by the chemical treatment rather than on the passive chromium oxide films present on the surface of the as-received stainless steel substrates. The density and alignment of the MWNTs could therefore be controlled by tuning the ratio of the iron oxides to chromium oxides through the chemical treatment on the stainless steel surfaces. On the basis of this method, selective growth of CNT patterns on stainless steel has also been demonstrated.
A digitally enhanced 1.8 V 15 b 40 MS/s CMOS pipelined ADC (2004)

A 1.8 V 15 b 40 MS/s CMOS pipelined ADC with 90 dB SFDR and 72 dB peak SNR over the full Nyquist band is described. ADC performance is enhanced by digital background calibration of DAC noise and interstage gain error. The IC is realized in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process, consumes 400 mW, and has a die size of 4 mm/spl times/5 mm.
The Remote Activation of Chemical Bonds <i>via</i> Metal Coordination (2003)

Abstract The activation of chemical bonds to cleavage by mild metal nucleophiles can be achieved by precoordination of a transition metal fragment to a site remote from the bond in question. The following bonds have been activated in this manner by η 6 ‐coordination to an internal arene ring: CC in biphenylene, CS in benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene, CSe in benzoselenophene, CO in benzofuran, and NH in indole.
The N Terminus of Rift Valley Fever Virus Nucleoprotein Is Essential for Dimerization (2005)

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a Phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family. The nucleoprotein N is the most abundant component of the virion; numerous copies of N associate with the viral RNA genome and form pseudohelicoidal ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) circularized by a panhandle structure formed by the base-paired RNA sequences at the 3' and 5' termini. These structures play a central role in transcription and replication. We investigated the intermolecular interactions of the RVFV N protein and found that after chemical cross-linking treatment, the nucleoprotein from purified RNPs migrates mainly as dimers. The N-N interaction was studied using the yeast two-hybrid system, the GST pull-down method, and mutational analysis. We demonstrated that the N terminus from residue 1 to 71, and particularly Tyr 4 and Phe 11, which are conserved among phlebovirus N sequences, are involved in the interaction. The C-terminal region did not seem to be essential for the N-N interaction. Moreover, we showed that N(TOS), the N protein of the related Toscana phlebovirus, interacts with itself and forms heterodimers with N(RVF), suggesting that the dimeric form of N may be a conserved feature in phlebovirus RNPs.
A new anaesthetic breathing system combining Mapleson A, D and E principles (1983)

A new simple anaesthetic breathing system is described which has been designed to incorporate into a single system advantages of Mapleson A, D and E type systems. Coaxial and non-coaxial versions are available. The system can be used for adults, children or neonates and allows both spontaneous or controlled ventilation with low fresh gas flows at all times. As a Mapleson A system for spontaneous respiration a considerable saving of anaesthetic gases and vapours is achieved since, for adults, the new system requires a lower fresh gas flow even than that for the Magill. For children breathing spontaneously the system requires only one third of the fresh gas flow necessary for the Jackson Rees modification of Ayre's T-piece. For controlled ventilation the system behaves as a modified Mapleson D/E (Bain type) system with the advantage of predictable CO2 tensions and good humidification. The system is safe, simple in design and operation, and is easily sterilized. Further it offers low resistance to expiration and facilitates scavenging at all times which, with low anaesthetic gas flows, permits complete theatre pollution control. Its potential application in academic and rural environments and major advantages over the circle absorber system are discussed.
Lysosomal unesterified cholesterol content correlates with liver cell death in murine Niemann-Pick type C disease (2007)

Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a multisystem disorder resulting from mutations in the NPC1 gene that encodes a protein involved in intracellular cholesterol trafficking. Significant liver dysfunction is frequently seen in patients with this disease. The current studies used npc1 mutant mice to investigate the association between liver dysfunction and unesterified cholesterol accumulation, a hallmark of NPC disease. Data from 92 npc1(-/-) mice (age range, 9-56 days) revealed a significant positive correlation between the plasma activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and whole liver cholesterol content. In 56 day old npc1(-/-) mice that had been fed from 35 days of age a rodent diet or the same diet containing either cholesterol (1.0%, w/w) or ezetimibe (a sterol absorption inhibitor; 0.0125%, w/w), whole liver cholesterol content averaged 33.5 +/- 1.1, 87.9 +/- 1.7, and 20.8 +/- 0.9 mg, respectively. Again, plasma ALT and AST activities were positively correlated with hepatic cholesterol content. In contrast, plasma transaminase levels remained in the normal range in npc1(+/+) mice, in which hepatic esterified cholesterol content had been increased by 72-fold by feeding a high-cholesterol, high-fat diet. These studies suggest that the late endosomal/lysosomal content of unesterified cholesterol correlates with cell damage in NPC disease.
Single- and Two-Stage Inverter-Based Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Plants With Ride-Through Capability Under Grid Faults (2014)

Grid-connected distributed generation sources interfaced with voltage source inverters (VSIs) need to be disconnected from the grid under: 1)excessive dc-link voltage; 2)excessive ac currents; and 3)loss of grid-voltage synchronization. In this paper, the control of single- and two-stage grid-connected VSIs in photovoltaic (PV) power plants is developed to address the issue of inverter disconnecting under various grid faults. Inverter control incorporates reactive power support in the case of voltage sags based on the grid codes (GCs) requirements to ride-through the faults and support the grid voltages. A case study of a 1-MW system simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software is used to illustrate the proposed control. Problems that may occur during grid faults along with associated remedies are discussed. The results presented illustrate the capability of the system to ride-through different types of grid faults.
Vehicle Color Recognition using Convolutional Neural Network (2015)

Vehicle color information is one of the important elements in ITS (Intelligent Traffic System). In this paper, we present a vehicle color recognition method using convolutional neural network (CNN). Naturally, CNN is designed to learn classification method based on shape information, but we proved that CNN can also learn classification based on color distribution. In our method, we convert the input image to two different color spaces, HSV and CIE Lab, and run it to some CNN architecture. The training process follow procedure introduce by Krizhevsky, that learning rate is decreasing by factor of 10 after some iterations. To test our method, we use publicly vehicle color recognition dataset provided by Chen. The results, our model outperform the original system provide by Chen with 2% higher overall accuracy.
Nuclear protein import is inhibited by an antibody to a lumenal epitope of a nuclear pore complex glycoprotein. (1992)

Gp210 is a major transmembrane glycoprotein associated with the nuclear pore complex that is suggested to be important for organizing pore complex architecture and assembly. A mouse monoclonal IgG directed against an epitope in the lumenal domain of rat gp210 was expressed in cultured rat cells by microinjection of mRNA prepared from a hybridoma cell line. The expressed IgG, which becomes assembled into a functional antibody in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, bound to the nuclear envelope in vivo. Expression of anti-gp210 antibody in interphase cells specifically reduced approximately fourfold the mediated nuclear import of a microinjected nuclear protein (nucleoplasmin) coupled to gold particles. The antibody also significantly decreased nuclear influx of a 10-kD dextran by passive diffusion. This transport inhibition did not result from removal of pore complexes from nuclear membranes or from gross alterations in pore complex structure, as shown by EM and immunocytochemistry. A physiological consequence of this transport inhibition was inhibition of cell progression from G2 into M phase. Hence, binding of this antibody to the lumenal side of gp210 must have a transmembrane effect on the structure and functions of the pore complex. These data argue that gp210 is directly or indirectly connected to pore complex constituents involved in mediated import and passive diffusion.
Simulation of the diffusion equation on a type-II quantum computer (2002)

A lattice-gas algorithm for the one-dimensional diffusion equation is realized using radio frequency pulses in a one-dimensional spin system. The model is a large array of quantum two-qubit nodes interconnected by the nearest-neighbor classical communication channels. We present a quantum protocol for implementation of the quantum collision operator and a method for initialization and reinitialization of quantum states. Numerical simulations of the quantum-classical dynamics are in good agreement with the analytic solution for the diffusion equation.
Impact of time delays on the JTIDS network (2002)

ITT Avionics has developed the intermediate processor (IP) to act as a gateway device for connecting a host tactical data system (TDS) to its associated C/sup 2/ communications terminal. Originally developed for JTIDS interoperability testing the intermediate processor has evolved into a generic product which can act as a virtual host to a C/sup 2/ communications terminal and as a virtual terminal (VT) to a host TDS. In this manner, the terminal and its host can be physically remote from one another and operate as if they were directly connected. One of the major concerns with this method of remoting the JTIDS terminal from its host TDS is the time delays incurred by sending the TDI data the extended distance. End-to-end timing analysis shows that information transferred between a host system and its associated JTIDS terminal will experience time delays ranging from 40 ms to 100 ms depending on the packet size and distance (telephone routing) between the VH and VT communicating over a 64 Kbps DDS link. It is shown that time delays experienced while utilizing the IP to support the decentralized methodology for testing the interoperability of JTIDS-equipped host TDSs, as well as while utilizing the (IP) in a combat environment to remote the JTIDS terminals as far forward in the battle area as possible, have no impact on the operational effectiveness of the community of host TDSs using Class 1 or Class 2 JTIDS terminals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Advanced Digital Signal Processing for Reach Extension and Performance Enhancement of 112 Gbps and Beyond Direct Detected DML-Based Transmission (2018)

112 Gbps per wavelength, amplification free Four-level Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM-4) transmissions are experimentally demonstrated with advanced digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms. Two DSP architectures are investigated for Directly Modulated Lasers (DMLs): 1) the regular DSP with Feed Forward Equalization (FFE) and Decision Feedback Equalization (DFE), and 2) the enhanced DSP with Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation (MLSE) equalizer. The experimental results show that with advanced DSP technologies the conventional DML can achieve 40 km transmissions with Bit Error Rate (BER) under 2.4 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> that meets RS (544, 514) Forward Error Correction (FEC) requirement; with regular-DSP the advanced DML can achieve 40 km transmissions with BER under 3.8 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , with stronger FEC. 112 Gbps and beyond per lambda DML based transmission is a promising low power, low-cost solution for 800 GbE or 1.6 TbE Ethernet.
Excel the Missing Manual (Missing Manual) (2004)

Whether you are an Excel neophyte, a sophisticate who knows the program inside out, or an intermediate-level plodder, Excel: The Missing Manual will be sure to become your go-to resource for all things Excel. Covering Excel 2002 and 2003, the book is an indispensable guide to one of the most popular and complicated programs. It has all you need to help you excel at Excel.
Deacetylcephalosporin C Formation by Cephalosporin C Acetylhydrolase Induced in a<i>Cephalosporium acermonium</i>Mutant (1975)

Cephalosporin C acetyl-hydrolase, which had not yet been found in Cephalosporium acremonium cultures, was partially purified from the culture fluid of the mutant No. 81 by ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme reaction were found to be about 8.0 and 50°C, respectively. The enzyme activity was hardly affected by Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Na+, K+, EDTA, PCMB and 2,4-dinitrophenol, but markedly inhibited by diisopropylfluoro-phosphate at 1 mm. The product formed from cephalosporin C by the enzyme reaction was proved to be deacetylcephalosporin C by physical and chemical analyses and chromatographic behaviors.
Accurate quantitative analysis of clay and other minerals in sandstones by XRD: comparison of a Rietveld and a reference intensity ratio (RIR) method and the importance of sample preparation (2000)

Abstract X-ray diffraction is used widely for quantitative analysis of geological samples but studies which document the accuracy of the methods employed are not numerous. Synthetic sandstones of known composition are used to compare a ‘routine application’ of a Rietveld and a reference intensity ratio (RIR) method of quantitative phase analysis. Both methods give similar results accurate to within ~±3 wt.% at the 95% confidence level. The high degree of accuracy obtained is believed to depend to a large extent on the spray-drying method of sample preparation used to eliminate preferred orientation.
Fas/APO-1 gene transfer for human malignant glioma. (1995)

Human malignant glioma cells are susceptible to apoptosis induced by antibodies to Fas/APO-1, a cytokine receptor protein of the nerve growth factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Here we show that a critical level of cell surface expression of Fas/APO-1 is a prerequisite for induction of glioma cell apoptosis via Fas/APO-1. Although Fas/APO-1 mRNA was expressed in three Fas/APO-1 antibody-resistant glioma cell lines, these cells expressed either little Fas/APO-1 protein (LN-319 and LN-405) or an abnormal Fas/APO-1 protein that was not translocated to the cell membrane and therefore functionally inactive (LN-308). Although all glioma cell lines expressed mRNA for Fas/APO-1-delta TM, a soluble form of Fas/APO-1 lacking the transmembrane domain, none of the cell lines released detectable amounts of soluble Fas/APO-1, a potential endogenous antagonist of Fas/APO-1-mediated glioma cell apoptosis. Stable transfection of three resistant glioma cell lines with a human Fas/APO-1 cDNA expression vector dramatically enhanced cell surface expression of Fas/APO-1 and induced susceptibility to Fas/APO-1 antibody-mediated apoptosis. These data indicate that malignant glioma cells, unlike other tumor cells, uniformly harbor the intracellular cascade required for Fas/APO-1-mediated apoptosis. Low level of Fas/APO-1 expression results from inefficient transcription and translation of the Fas/APO-1 gene or the synthesis of mutant Fas/APO-1 proteins. gamma-Interferon, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin 1 beta augmented Fas/APO-1-mediated apoptosis of Fas/APO-1-transfected glioma cells by acting on the subcellular suicidal cascade triggered by Fas/APO-1 activation. Dexamethasone attenuated Fas/APO-1 antibody-induced apoptosis, not only of constitutively Fas/APO-1-positive glioma cells, but also of Fas/APO-1-transfected glioma cells. The antiapoptotic effect of dexamethasone could be overcome by preexposure of the glioma cells to gamma-interferon or by coexposure to Fas/APO-1 antibodies and cycloheximide. Thus, Fas/APO-1 gene transfer and combined immunotherapy using Fas/APO-1 antibodies and cytokines may overcome Fas/APO-1 antibody resistance of Fas/APO-1-negative human malignant glioma cells, which may represent subpopulations within single gliomas or form a separate subgroup of human malignant gliomas.
Hybrid organic-inorganic polydimethylsiloxane–vanadium–oxo materials crosslinked at the molecular level (1998)

New hybrid materials made of dimethylsiloxane oligomers (linear and cyclic species) crosslinked at the molecular level by OV(O–)3 units with a very high degree of homogeneity and dispersion, even for a V:Si molar ratio of 10%, have been synthesized and characterized mainly by 29Si and 51V MAS NMR, DSC and DMA. The structure of these hybrids is very different from those proposed for other dimethylsiloxane–transition metal oxide systems. These dimethylsiloxane–vanadate copolymers exhibit higher glass transition temperatures than is usual for PDMS, as well as a very sharp variation of the loss factor tan δ. These hybrid materials exhibit, at low temperature, a strong phosphorescence usually associated with a ligand-to-metal charge transfer process.
Wrong-Side/Wrong-Site, Wrong-Procedure, and Wrong-Patient Adverse Events (2006)

Wrong-side/wrong-site, wrong-procedure, and wrong-patient adverse events, although rare, are more common than health care providers and patients appreciate. Prevention of WSPEs requires new and innovative technologies, reporting of case occurrence, and learning from successful safety initiatives (such as in transfusion medicine and other high-risk nonmedical industries), while reducing the shame associated with these events.