gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Walk-Off-Induced Modulation Instability, Temporal Pattern Formation, and Frequency Comb Generation in Cavity-Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation (2016)

We derive a time-domain mean-field equation to model the full temporal and spectral dynamics of light in singly resonant cavity-enhanced second-harmonic generation systems. We show that the temporal walk-off between the fundamental and the second-harmonic fields plays a decisive role under realistic conditions, giving rise to rich, previously unidentified nonlinear behavior. Through linear stability analysis and numerical simulations, we discover a new kind of quadratic modulation instability which leads to the formation of optical frequency combs and associated time-domain dissipative structures. Our numerical simulations show excellent agreement with recent experimental observations of frequency combs in quadratic nonlinear media [Phys. Rev. A 91, 063839 (2015)]. Thus, in addition to unveiling a new, experimentally accessible regime of nonlinear dynamics, our work enables predictive modeling of frequency comb generation in cavity-enhanced second-harmonic generation systems. We expect our findings to have wide impact on the study of temporal and spectral dynamics in a diverse range of dispersive, quadratically nonlinear resonators.
Zerstreuung von Röntgenstrahlen (1915)

Die neuere Entwicklung unserer Ansichten uber den in eren Aufbau der Atome hat uns gezwungen, Elektronenbewegungen als moglich anzuerkennen, die trote sehr groBer Beschleunigungen keine Energie ausstrahlen
Cell proliferation and gene expression were regulated by contact between prostate cancer cells PC3 and primary osteoblasts in different stages of bone metastasis. (2004)

3419 Bone is the most common target of prostate cancer metastasis. It has been postulated that a ‘vicious cycle’ between cancer cells and bone cells is established that leads to the formation of skeletal metastases. The interaction between prostate cancer cells and bone cells is an important step in this process, but is poorly characterized. Our hypothesis is that direct contact between cells (mediated by receptors) is required for metastasis formation in addition to interaction mediated by soluble factors. In order to explore the dynamic regulation in cell proliferation, gene expression profile and cell interaction between two cell populations, we established a co-culture system containing prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 or DU145) and primary cultures of osteoblasts (derived from rat bone marrow or from long bone). Different ratios (1:100, 1:10, 1:1 and 10:1) between prostate cancer cells and osteoblasts mimicked the different stages of metastasis development. Proliferation of two types of cells in the co-culture system was measured by labeling prostate cancer cells (or bone cells) with CSFE (Vybrant) dye, and quantitating the proportion of co-culture cells with flow cytometic analysis. Gene expression profiles were assayed with microarray. The results showed that proliferation of PC3 prostate cancer cells was suppressed by co-culturing with osteoblasts during the first 48 hours in comparison to prostate cancer cell culture alone. In contrast, PC3 prostate cancer cells stimulated proliferation of osteoblasts. Expression of uPA in prostate cancer cells was highly up-regulated in the co-culture system. Besides uPA, prostate cancer cells expressed many other potential mediators of osteoblastic metastasis, including endothelin-1, TGF-β2, BMP, IGFBP 1 and 3, prostate-specific antigen and FGF. Those factors stimulated proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, which expressed the bone formation markers type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. The osteoblastic metastasis-related genes were dynamically regulated during the progression of prostate cancer cells growth and proliferation when PC3 were co-cultured with osteoblasts. These results set a foundation for future studies that will identify receptors in osteoblasts and prostate cancer cells that mediate changes in proliferation and expression in response to contact in co-culture.
Pre-Equalised OFDM for Broadband Fixed Wireless Access (2002)

We investigate the performance of a pre-equalised OFDM system compared to that of a conventional OFDM system in a broadband fixed wireless access (BFWA) environment.
A novel methionine-rich protein in soybean seed: identification, amino acid composition, and N-terminal sequence (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleA novel methionine-rich protein in soybean seed: identification, amino acid composition, and N-terminal sequenceAswathi A. George and Benito O. De LumenCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 1, 224–227Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00001a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00001a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance limits of electrical cables for intrasystem communication (1994)

Three types of cables (commercially available high-performance coaxial and ribbon cables, and an experimental flexible-film cable) were investigated for intrasystem communication in high-performance computer and communication systems. The electrical properties of the cables and their respective connectors were obtained and compared through the use of time-domain techniques. Feasibility for use in digital signal propagation at 500 Mb/s-1 Gb/s was demonstrated by means of pulse propagation and eye-diagram measurements. Performance limits in terms of maximum useful cable lengths were determined through simulations which included the effects of associated connectors, vias, and printed-circuit-card wiring.
MyoD expression marks the onset of skeletal myogenesis in <i>Myf-5</i> mutant mice (1994)

The expression pattern of myogenic regulatory factors and myotome-specific contractile proteins was studied during embryonic development of Myf-5 mutant mice by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. In contrast to somites in wild-type embryos, no expression of myogenin and Myf-6 (MRF4), or any other myotomal markers was detected in mutant animals at E9.0 and E10.0 indicating that Myf-5 plays a crucial role during this developmental period. Significantly, the onset of MyoD expression in rostral somites of E10.5 embryos was unaffected by the Myf-5 mutation suggesting that the activation of the MyoD gene occurs independently of Myf-5 at the correct developmental time. Immediately after the activation of MyoD myogenin transcripts and protein accumulated within the myotome. The first contractile proteins of the sarcomeric apparatus appeared slightly later. By E11.5 the expression of muscle markers were indistinguishable between wild-type and Myf-5 mutant mice. The migration of muscle precursor cells that leave the somites to form limb musculature was monitored in Myf-5-mutant mice by Pax-3 expression. Pax-3-positive cells were equally found in somites and limbs of E10.0 wild-type and mutant mice indicating that myogenic factor expression at the level of somites is not a prerequisite for determination and subsequent migration of limb precursor cells.
Physical principles and miniaturization of spark assisted chemical engraving (SACE) (2005)

Spark assisted chemical engraving (SACE) is an unconventional micromachining technology based on electrochemical discharge phenomena for glass and various ceramics. The limits of SACE with respect to small dimensions in the particular case of glass are explored. It is found, using a specially developed set-up based on an AFM, that even using extremely sharp tool-electrodes does not allow us to produce a smaller pattern than typically 25 micrometers. It is concluded that the gas film thickness, in which the electrochemical discharges take place, is the main limiting factor. Further experimental investigations on its formation are investigated. By adding surfactants to the electrolyte, in order to increase the wettability of the tool-electrode and therefore to reduce the gas film thickness, it is observed experimentally that the critical voltage reduces significantly. This observation may lead to a novel method of characterizing the gas film thickness in SACE.
Interaction of the Hepatitis B Core Antigen and the Innate Immune System (2009)

Previous studies demonstrated that the primary APCs for the hepatitis B core Ag (HBcAg) were B cells and not dendritic cells (DC). We now report that splenic B1a and B1b cells more efficiently present soluble HBcAg to naive CD4(+) T cells than splenic B2 cells. This was demonstrated by direct HBcAg-biotin-binding studies and by HBcAg-specific T cell activation in vitro in cultures of naive HBcAg-specific T cells and resting B cell subpopulations. The inability of DC to function as APCs for exogenous HBcAg relates to lack of uptake of HBcAg, not to processing or presentation, because HBcAg/anti-HBc immune complexes can be efficiently presented by DC. Furthermore, HBcAg-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell priming with DNA encoding HBcAg does not require B cell APCs. TLR activation, another innate immune response, was also examined. Full-length (HBcAg(183)), truncated (HBcAg(149)), and the nonparticulate HBeAg were screened for TLR stimulation via NF-kappaB activation in HEK293 cells expressing human TLRs. None of the HBc/HBeAgs activated human TLRs. Therefore, the HBc/HBeAg proteins are not ligands for human TLRs. However, the ssRNA contained within HBcAg(183) does function as a TLR-7 ligand, as demonstrated at the T and B cell levels in TLR-7 knockout mice. Bacterial, yeast, and mammalian ssRNA encapsidated within HBcAg(183) all function as TLR-7 ligands. These studies indicate that innate immune mechanisms bridge to and enhance the adaptive immune response to HBcAg and have important implications for the use of hepadnavirus core proteins as vaccine carrier platforms.
Template-based paper reconstruction from a single image is well posed when the rulings are parallel (2008)

We deal with the 3D reconstruction of deformed paperlike surfaces given a template and a single perspective image, for which the internal camera parameters are known. The general problem is ill-posed. We show that when the surface rulings are parallel the problem is well-posed. Given a procedure to recover the rulings direction, this particular problem is equivalent to the reconstruction of a 2D curve seen from a set of ID camera pairs given a ID template. Paper can be physically modeled by exploiting local properties. This allows us to formulate the reconstruction problem by non linear variational optimization. We provide experimental results which validate our approach on simulated and real data.
The mechanism of degeneration of striatal neuronal subtypes in Huntington disease (2014)

The pattern of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease (HD) is very characteristic of regional locations as well as that of neuronal types in striatum. The different striatal neuronal populations demonstrate different degree of degeneration in response to various pathological events in HD. In the striatum, medium spiny GABA neurons (MSN) are preferentially degenerate while others are relatively spared. Vulnerability of specific neuronal populations within the striatum to pathological events constitutes an important hallmark of degeneration in HD. In an attempt to explain a likely mechanism of degeneration of striatal neuronal populations in HD, possible causes underlying differential vulnerability of neuronal subtypes to excitoxic insults and neurotrophic factors are discussed in this paper.
Scaling up data-parallel analytics platforms: Linear algebraic operation cases (2017)

Linear algebraic operations such as matrix manipulations form the kernel of many machine learning and other crucial algorithms. Scaling up as well as scaling out such algorithms are key to supporting large scale data analysis that require efficient processing over millions of data samples. To this end, we present, ARION, a hardware acceleration based approach for scaling-up individual tasks of Spark, a popular data-parallel analytics platform. We support both linear algebraic operations of between two dense matrices, and between sparse and dense matrices in distributed environments. ARION provides a flexible control of acceleration according to matrix density, along with efficient scheduling based on runtime resource utilization. We demonstrate the benefit of our approach for general matrix multiplication operations over large matrices with up to four billion elements by using Gramian matrix computation that is commonly used in machine learning. Experiments show that our approach achieves more than 2× and 1.5× end-to-end performance speedups for dense and sparse matrices, respectively, and up to 57.04× faster computation compared to MLlib, a state of the art Spark-based implementation. This work is sponsored in part by the NSF under the grants: CNS-1565314, CNS-1405697, and CNS-1615411. The manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reactions of Carbene Precursors on Bulk Gold Metal. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A high-input-swing common-mode-robust programmable gain amplifier in 65nm CMOS (2012)

A single-stage programmable gain amplifier (PGA) for SoC-integration with 50dB gain range and >; 30MHz signal bandwidth is implemented in a digital 1.0V 65nm CMOS process with thick gate oxide option. It uses a fully-differential four-stage operational amplifier, compensated with active feedforward and frequency selective gain-stage fading, as well as distributed common-mode feedback. The opamp input stage features a special design to achieve high robustness against common-mode disturbers at the input pins for operation in a noisy mixed-signal environment. The PGA consumes in total 25mW from a split 1V/2.5V supply, while delivering a differential voltage swing of 1Vpp into an 800Ω differential on-chip load with IM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> >; 70dB at 12dB voltage gain for signal frequencies up to 30MHz. The PGA supports a maximum differential input voltage swing of >;6Vpp and is robust against a 150mVpp common-mode disturber with a common-mode × signal cross modulation of <; -70dBc.
Combination Therapy with Oral Sildenafil and Inhaled Iloprost for Severe Pulmonary Hypertension (2002)

Background: Inhalation of the stable prostacyclin analogue iloprost is being studied for treatment of pulmonary hypertension. The selective phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil has been reported to cause pulmonary vasodilatation. Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of oral sildenafil, alone and in combination with inhaled iloprost, for treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Design: Randomized, controlled, open-label trial. Setting: Intensive care unit. Patients: 30 patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (n = 16), chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (n = 13), or pulmonary hypertension due to aplasia of the left pulmonary artery (n = 1), all classified as New York Heart Association class III or IV. Intervention: All patients received inhaled nitric oxide and aerosolized iloprost (inhaled dose, 2.8 µg). They were then randomly assigned to receive 12.5 mg of oral sildenafil, 50 mg of sildenafil, 12.5 mg of sildenafil plus inhaled iloprost, or 50 mg of sildenafil plus inhaled iloprost. Measurements: Systemic and pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure, cardiac output, central venous pressure, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation, and arterial and mixed venous blood gases were measured during right-heart catheterization by using a Swan–Ganz catheter. Results: In rank order of pulmonary vasodilatory potency (maximum reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance and increase in cardiac index), 50 mg of sildenafil plus iloprost was most effective, followed by 12.5 mg of sildenafil plus iloprost. Iloprost alone and 50 mg of sildenafil were almost equally effective but were less potent than the combination regimens, and the least potent treatments were 12.5 mg of sildenafil and nitric oxide. In patients who received 50 mg of sildenafil plus iloprost, the maximum change in pulmonary vasodilatory potency was −44.2% (95% CI, −49.5% to −38.8%), compared with −14.1% (CI, −19.1% to −9.2%) in response to nitric oxide. With administration of 50 mg of sildenafil plus iloprost, the area under the curve for reduction in pulmonary vasodilatory resistance surpassed that of administration of 50 mg of sildenafil alone and iloprost alone combined, the vasodilatory effect lasted longer than 3 hours, and systemic arterial pressure and arterial oxygenation were maintained. No serious adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Although limited by the small sample and lack of long-term observations, the study shows that oral sildenafil is a potent pulmonary vasodilator that acts synergistically with inhaled iloprost to cause strong pulmonary vasodilatation in both severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Bidirectional Glenn shunt: a step in the right direction. (1996)

Bidirectional Glenn (BDG) shunt was carried out in 14 patients (age range 1.5-22 years; mean 9.3 years) for a variety of congenital cyanotic heart diseases with decreased pulmonary blood flow. Postoperative cardiac catheterisation was carried out in 10 patients including successful balloon angioplasty of the shunt and LPA in one patient. There was a significant improvement in oxygen saturation and a drop in haematocrit level at follow-up. Doppler echocardiography studies in 13 patients revealed functioning shunts in all cases with low velocity continuous flow. Thus BDG is a useful palliative procedure and could be undertaken as the first stage of total cavopulmonary connection in high-risk Fontan groups where biventricular repair is not feasible.
An All Silicon Carbide High Temperature (450+ °C) High Voltage Gain AC Coupled Differential Amplifier (2011)

APEI, Inc. designed, fabricated and tested a high gain AC coupled differential amplifier based on a custom-built silicon carbide (SiC) vertical junction field effect transistor (VJFET). This SiC differential amplifier is capable of extreme temperature operation up to 450 °C, at which a high differential voltage gain of more than 47 dB is maintained. This high gain AC coupled differential amplifier can be integrated with high temperature sensors that deliver weak AC output signals to improve signal quality and noise immunity.
Local Tissue Reaction and Biodegradation of Hydroxyapatite/ Tricalcium Phosphate Composites (2014)

Background: Different ratios of Hydroxyapatite (HA) / Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) composite ceramics show different characteristics in in-vivo applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate early local tissue reaction and biodegradation rate of different ratios of HA/TCP in animal model. Methods and Materials: Six different ratios of HA/TCP scaffold was prepared using combined technique of gel-casting and polymer sponge methods. The scaffolds were implanted in tramuscular of 12 white New Zealand rabbits. After three months, animals were sacrificed and the scaffolds examined histologically and radiologically in order to determine local tissue reaction and biodegradation. Results: There was no significant differences in local tissue reaction among different ratios of HA/TCP composition. However, data showed that except in models with 100% TCP, increasing TCP shows higher degradation rate. Conclusion: Our study indicates that biodegradation rate depends on the higher TCP content in the ceramic composite. Different ratios of HA/TCP are perfectly compatible for in vivo applications in animal models.
Phenotypes, genotypes and disease susceptibility associated with gene copy number variations: complement <i>C4</i> CNVs in European American healthy subjects and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (2008)

A new paradigm in human genetics is high frequencies of inter-individual variations in copy numbers of specific genomic DNA segments. Such common copy number variation (CNV) loci often contain genes engaged in host-environment interaction including those involved in immune effector functions. DNA sequences within a CNV locus often share a high degree of identity but beneficial or deleterious polymorphic variants are present among different individuals. Thus, common gene CNVs can contribute, both qualitatively and quantitatively, to a spectrum of phenotypic variants. In this review we describe the phenotypic and genotypic diversities of complement C4 created by copy number variations of RCCX modules (RP-C4-CYP21-TNX) and size dichotomy of C4 genes. A direct outcome of C4 CNV is the generation of two classes of polymorphic proteins, C4A and C4B, with differential chemical reactivities towards peptide or carbohydrate antigens, and a range of C4 plasma protein concentrations (from 15 to 70 mg/dl) among healthy subjects. Deliberate molecular genetic studies enabled development of definitive techniques to determine exact patterns of RCCX modular variations, copy numbers of long and short C4A and C4B genes by Southern blot analyses or by real-time quantitative PCR. It is found that in healthy European Americans, the total C4 gene copy number per diploid genome ranges from 2 to 6: 60.8% of people with four copies of C4 genes, 27.2% with less than four copies, and 12% with more than four copies. Such a distribution is skewed towards the low copy number side in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototypic autoimmune disease with complex etiology. In SLE, the frequency of individuals with less than four copies of C4 is significantly increased (42.2%), while the frequency of those with more than four copies is decreased (6%). This decrease in total C4 gene copy number in SLE is due to increases in homozygous and heterozygous deficiencies of C4A but not C4B. Therefore, it is concluded that lower copy number of C4 is a risk factor for and higher gene copy number of C4 is a protective factor against SLE disease susceptibility.