gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spider-Venom Peptides as Therapeutics (2010)

Spiders are the most successful venomous animals and the most abundant terrestrial predators. Their remarkable success is due in large part to their ingenious exploitation of silk and the evolution of pharmacologically complex venoms that ensure rapid subjugation of prey. Most spider venoms are dominated by disulfide-rich peptides that typically have high affinity and specificity for particular subtypes of ion channels and receptors. Spider venoms are conservatively predicted to contain more than 10 million bioactive peptides, making them a valuable resource for drug discovery. Here we review the structure and pharmacology of spider-venom peptides that are being used as leads for the development of therapeutics against a wide range of pathophysiological conditions including cardiovascular disorders, chronic pain, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction.
15.1: Emissive Microdisplay using Light Emitting Polymer (2003)

Abstract An emissive microdisplay technology has been developed which incorporates a layer of light emitting polymer on a CMOS substrate. Monochrome microdisplays of QVGA (320 × 240) resolution have been manufactured and early aspects of their initial characterization are presented. Benefits of the technology include very low power consumption plus relatively simple drive electronics and opto‐mechanics.
Structural Determinants of Oxidative Stabilization in an Evolved Versatile Peroxidase (2014)

Versatile peroxidases (VP) are promiscuous biocatalysts with the highest fragility to hydroperoxides yet reported due to a complex molecular architecture, with three catalytic sites and several oxidation pathways. To improve the VP resistance to H2O2, an evolved version of this enzyme was subjected to a range of directed evolution and hybrid strategies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After five generations of random, saturation, and domain mutagenesis, together with in vivo DNA recombination, several structural determinants behind the oxidative destabilization of the enzyme were unmasked. To establish a balance between activity and stability, selected beneficial mutations were introduced into novel mutational environments by the in vivo exchange of sequence blocks, promoting epistatic interactions. The best variant of this process accumulated 8 mutations that increased the half-life of the protein from 3 (parental type) to 35 min in the presence of 3000 equiv of H2O2 and with a 6 °C upward shift in thermostability. Multiple structural alignment with other H2O2-tolerant heme peroxidases help to understand the possible roles played by the new mutations in the overall oxidative stabilization of these enzymes.
Characterization of a folding intermediate from HIV‐1 ribonuclease H (1998)

The RNase H domain from HIV-1 (HIV RNase H) encodes an essential retroviral activity. Refolding of the isolated HIV RNase H domain shows a kinetic intermediate detectable by stopped-flow far UV circular dichroism and pulse-labeling H/D exchange. In this intermediate, strands 1, 4, and 5 as well as helices A and D appear to be structured. Compared to its homolog from Escherichia coli, the rate limiting step in refolding of HIV RNase H appears closer to the native state. We have modeled this kinetic intermediate using a C-terminal deletion fragment lacking helix E. Like the kinetic intermediate, this variant folds rapidly and shows a decrease in stability. We propose that inhibition of the docking of helix E to this folding intermediate may present a novel strategy for anti HIV-1 therapy.
Performance of an automated computer‐based scoring method to assess joint space narrowing in rheumatoid arthritis: A longitudinal study (2006)

The computer-based method for measuring joint space width is more discriminant than the semiquantitative Sharp JSN subscale.
Simulated microgravity alters differentiation and increases apoptosis in human follicular thyroid carcinoma cells (2002)

This study focuses on the effects of simulated microgravity (0g) on the human follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line ML-1. Cultured on a three-dimensional clinostat, ML-1 cells formed three-dimensional MCTSs (MCTS diameter: 0.3 +/- 0.01 mm). After 24 and 48 h of clinorotation, the cells significantly decreased fT3 and fT4 secretion but up-regulated the thyroid-stimulating hormone-receptor expression as well as the production of vimentin, vinculin, and extracellular matrix proteins (collagen I and III, laminin, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate) compared with controls. Furthermore, ML-1 cells grown on the clinostat showed elevated amounts of the apoptosis-associated Fas protein, of p53, and of bax but showed reduced quantities of bcl-2. In addition, signs of apoptosis became detectable, as assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick end labeling, 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, DNA laddering, and 85-kDa apoptosis-related cleavage fragments. These fragments resulted from enhanced 116-kDa poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) activity and apoptosis. These observations suggest that clinorotation elevates intermediate filaments, cell adhesion molecules, and extracellular matrix proteins and simultaneously induces apoptosis in follicular thyroid cancer cells. In conclusion, our experiments could provide a regulatory basis for the finding that astronauts show low thyroid hormone levels after space flight, which may be explained by the increase of apoptosis in thyrocytes as a result of simulated 0g.
Fast Poisson solvers for thermal analysis (2010)

Accurate and efficient thermal analysis for a VLSI chip is crucial, both for sign-off reliability verification and for design-time circuit optimization. To determine an accurate temperature profile, it is important to simulate a die together with its thermal mounts: this requires solving Poisson's equation on a non-rectangular 3D domain. This paper presents a class of eigendecomposition-based fast Poisson solvers (FPS) for chiplevel thermal analysis. We start with a solver that solves a rectangular 3D domain with mixed boundary conditions in O(NlogN) time, where N is the dimension of the finite-difference matrix. Then we reveal, for the first time in the literature, a strong relation between fast Poisson solvers and Green-function-based methods. Finally, we propose an FPS method that leverages the preconditioned conjugate gradient method to solve non-rectangular 3D domains efficiently. We demonstrate that this approach solves a system of dimension 5.33e6 in only 11 Conjugate Gradient iterations, with a runtime of 171 seconds, a 6X speedup over the popular ICCG solver.
Syntheses, coordination, spectroscopy and electropolymerisation studies of new alkynyl and vinyl linked benzo- and aza-crown ether–bipyridyl ruthenium(<scp>II</scp>) complexes. Spectrochemical recognition of group IA/IIA metal cations (1991)

New alkynyl and vinyl linked benzo- and aza-crown ether–bipyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes have been prepared and electropolymerised onto platinum and optically transparent conducting glass electrodes to produce novel films capable of spectrochemically recognising alkali and alkaline earth metal guest cations.
Excimer laser photoablation of silicon (1986)

The ultraviolet and visible emission spectra from excimer laser-produced silicon plasmas were studied and the ablation rate measured as a function of laser energy density and wavelength. A spectroscopic investigation of the laser-produced plasma showed Si i, Si ii, and Si iii spectral lines with higher laser intensity causing a higher degree of ionization in the plasma. Both time-integrated and time-resolved spectroscopic studies showed electronic transitions superimposed on a weak continuum over the entire range from 250 to 640 nm. The photoablation rate of Si was independent of laser wavelength (193 or 248 nm), and had an energy density threshold of ≊1.3 J/cm2. The threshold was almost independent of the buffer gas pressure between vacuum and 1000 Torr. These results are described in the framework recently developed for excimer laser ablation of metals.
Rac‐1 and Raf‐1 kinases, components of distinct signaling pathways, activate myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (2000)

Myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) is a serine-threonine protein kinase encoded by the myotonic dystrophy (DM) locus on human chromosome 19q13.3. It is a close relative of other kinases that interact with members of the Rho family of small GTPases. We show here that the actin cytoskeleton-linked GTPase Rac-1 binds to DMPK, and coexpression of Rac-1 and DMPK activates its transphosphorylation activity in a GTP-sensitive manner. DMPK can also bind Raf-1 kinase, the Ras-activated molecule of the MAP kinase pathway. Purified Raf-1 kinase phosphorylates and activates DMPK. The interaction of DMPK with these distinct signals suggests that it may play a role as a nexus for cross-talk between their respective pathways and may partially explain the remarkable pleiotropy of DM.
Halomethyl-Metal Compounds. II. The Preparation of gem-Dihalocyclopropanes by the Reaction of Phenyl(trihalomethyl)mercury Compounds with Olefins<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHalomethyl-Metal Compounds. II. The Preparation of gem-Dihalocyclopropanes by the Reaction of Phenyl(trihalomethyl)mercury Compounds with Olefins1Dietmar Seyferth, James M. Burlitch, Richard J. Minasz, Jeffrey Yick-Pui Mui, Harry D. Simmons Jr., Arno J. H. Treiber, and Susan R. DowdCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 19, 4259–4270Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00947a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00947a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views490Altmetric-Citations160LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A New Method for Separating the Isomeric C<sub>84</sub> Fullerenes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA New Method for Separating the Isomeric C84 FullerenesGuan-Wu Wang, Martin Saunders, Anthony Khong, and R. James CrossView Author Information Department of Chemistry Yale University, Box 208107 New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 13, 3216–3217Publication Date (Web):March 21, 2000Publication History Received6 December 1999Published online21 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja994270xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja994270xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Adducts,Carbon nanomaterials,Mixtures,Molecular structure,Nanospheres Get e-Alerts
DRESS syndrome associated with raltegravir (2011)

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome or drug-induced hypersensitivity is a potentially life-threatening drug hypersensitivity syndrome most commonly associated with anticonvulsants, allopurinol, long-acting sulfonamides, dapsone, and minocycline. In the setting of HIV infection, the antiretroviral medicines abacavir, nevirapine, and efavirenz have all shown well-documented associations with DRESS syndrome. There has only been one case (in a poster presentation) of this syndrome in a patient who was taking raltegravir.
Protective Relaying: Principles And Applications (2006)

Prefaces Introduction and General Philosophies Fundamental Units: Per Unit and Percent Values Phasors and Polarity Symmetrical Components: A Review Relay Input Sources Protection Fundamentals and Basic Design Principles System-Grounding Principles Generator Protection/Intertie Protection for Distributed Generation Transformer, Reactor, and Shunt Capacitor Protection Bus Protection Motor Protection Line Protection Pilot Protection Stability, Reclosing, Load Shedding, and Trip Circuit Design Microprocessor Applications and Substation Automation Problems Index
Dipeptidyl Peptidases as Survival Factors in Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors (2011)

Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) is a group of aggressive pediatric malignancies driven by the EWS-FLI1 fusion protein, an aberrant transcription factor up-regulating specific target genes, such as neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its Y1 and Y5 receptors (Y5Rs). Previously, we have shown that both exogenous NPY and endogenous NPY stimulate ESFT cell death via its Y1 and Y5Rs. Here, we demonstrate that this effect is prevented by dipeptidyl peptidases (DPPs), which cleave NPY to its shorter form, NPY(3-36), not active at Y1Rs. We have shown that NPY-induced cell death can be abolished by overexpression of DPPs and enhanced by their down-regulation. Both NPY treatment and DPP blockade activated the same cell death pathway mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Moreover, the decrease in cell survival induced by DPP inhibition was blocked by Y1 and Y5R antagonists, confirming its dependence on endogenous NPY. Interestingly, similar levels of NPY-driven cell death were achieved by blocking membrane DPPIV and cytosolic DPP8 and DPP9. Thus, this is the first evidence of these intracellular DPPs cleaving releasable peptides, such as NPY, in live cells. In contrast, another membrane DPP, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), did not affect NPY actions. In conclusion, DPPs act as survival factors for ESFT cells and protect them from cell death induced by endogenous NPY. This is the first demonstration that intracellular DPPs are involved in regulation of ESFT growth and may become potential therapeutic targets for these tumors.
Atomic Layer Deposition of MgO Using Bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)magnesium and H<sub>2</sub>O (2009)

Magnesium oxide (MgO) atomic layer deposition (ALD) was performed using sequential exposures of bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)magnesium (Mg(CpEt)2) and H2O. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements monitored the mass deposition during MgO ALD and verified self-limiting reactions for each reactant. Extremely efficient reactions were observed that required reactant exposures of only ∼1 × 104 L (1 L = 1 × 10−6 Torr s). X-ray reflectivity (XRR) studies were used to confirm the QCM measurements and determine the film density and film thicknesses. The MgO ALD film density was 3.07 g/cm3. The largest MgO ALD growth per cycle was 1.42 Å/cycle at 150 °C and the growth per cycle decreased for temperatures >150 °C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the CpEt* and OH* surface species during MgO ALD and also to monitor the bulk vibrational modes of the growing MgO films. Transmission electron microscopy of MgO ALD on ZrO2 nanoparticles revealed the conformality of the MgO films and confirmed the growth per cycle observed by the XRR studies. X-ray diffraction determined that the MgO ALD films were crystalline and consistent with the cubic phase. Rutherford backscattering determined that the Mg:O stoichiometry of the MgO ALD films was 0.95:1.05. The results allowed a growth mechanism to be established for MgO ALD using Mg(CpEt)2 and H2O. Only 30.8% of the Mg sites are observed to retain the CpEt* surface species after the Mg(CpEt)2 exposure. The efficient ALD of MgO using Mg(CpEt)2 and H2O should be useful for a variety of applications including the conformal coating of particles.
Analysis on ringing effect of auxiliary winding in primary side regulated flyback converter (2014)

The ringing effect in auxiliary winding of transformer, which may cause faulty estimation in primary side regulated flyback converter, is detailed discussed in this paper for the first time. It has been found that: (a) Ringing of auxiliary winding occurs after main switch turns off and is derived from oscillation of the current in primary winding's leakage inductance; (b) This ringing is delivered through the leakage inductance of auxiliary winding. Basis on these discussions, several schemes have been proposed for the design of converter and transformer in order to suppress this ringing effect. Simulation results and experimental results of a singlestage 16-W primary side regulated flyback converter with active power factor correction are given to validate proposed discussion.
Chip Self-Organization and Fault Tolerance in Massively Defective Multicore Arrays (2010)

We study chip self-organization and fault tolerance at the architectural level to improve dependable continuous operation of multicore arrays in massively defective nanotechnologies. Architectural self-organization results from the conjunction of self-diagnosis and self-disconnection mechanisms (to identify and isolate most permanently faulty or inaccessible cores and routers), plus self-discovery of routes to maintain the communication in the array. In the methodology presented in this work, chip self-diagnosis is performed in three steps, following an ascending order of complexity: interconnects are tested first, then routers through mutual test, and cores in the last step. The mutual testing of routers is especially important as faulty routers are disconnected by good ones with no assumption on the behavior of defective elements. Moreover, the disconnection of faulty routers is not physical (“hard”) but logical (“soft”) in that a good router simply stops communicating with any adjacent router diagnosed as defective. There is no physical reconfiguration in the chip and no need for spare elements. Ultimately, the multicore array may be viewed as a black box, which incorporates protection mechanisms and self-organizes, while the external control reduces to a simple chip validation test which, in the simplest cases, reduces to counting the number of valid and accessible cores.
Windows of opportunity [smart windows for light/heat blocking] (2005)

Though the technology is still far from commonplace, the glass and window industry has steadily been introducing smart product lines because the market is, potentially, enormous. This article presents the different technologies being developed for smart windows. It details polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal privacy glass, suspended particle display (SPD) technology using electrophoresis, electrochromic layers, and thermochromic materials. For the future, being able to switch heat and light separately seems to be one of the main issues remaining to make smart windows really successful.
Study on Electric Sunroof Pinch Detection of Cars Based on Model Reference Adaptive Cholesky Decomposition Filter (2017)

This paper proposes a cars’ electric sunroof pinch detection algorithm based on a model reference adaptive Cholesky decomposition filter (MRACDF). Because of the inaccuracy of noise variance and the roundoff errors caused by the propagation of traditional filters, the pinch detection for electric sunroofs is susceptible to errors and serious accidents. To avoid accidents on passengers, especially pinched children, it is necessary to improve the accuracy and reliability of the pinch detection. To meet this necessity, this paper first analyzes the characteristics of the electric sunroof control system and establishes the system model. Second, it proposes a novel model reference method to calculate plant noise, and proposes a sliding–fading grey prediction algorithm to estimate observation noise. The robust Cholesky decomposition theory is used to overcome the defects of a traditional filter. Third, a robust pinch detection algorithm based on MRACDF is designed for cars’ electric sunroofs. Finally, a new state variable for pinch detection is proposed and compared with traditional methods in detail. To verify the electric sunroof pinch detection algorithm, experiments are conducted on the electric sunroof platform of laboratory cars. Experimental results show that the pinch detection algorithm has excellent performances in different conditions.
Convection modelling of flip chip and wirebond surface mounted modules (2002)

Forced convection and conjugate heat transfer of ceramic surface mount modules is studied by computational fluid dynamics technique. Both capless and capped flip chip and cavity down wirebond interconnections are considered in this study. Computational and experimental data of thermal resistance of capless flip chip modules are compared to assess the accuracy of the model. Thermal resistances, heat rate distributions, local temperature and heat transfer coefficient distributions are presented to study the detailed convective characteristics. Results show that the flip chip interconnections have higher thermal performance than the wirebond surface mount packages. It is also found that local heat transfer coefficients are needed for accurate prediction of temperature distributions.
音乐的季节：在校大学生的季节性音乐喜好（一） (2011)

本文从两项研究入手，探讨学生的音乐喜好与四季有关。项目研究对参与者预测到，秋冬两季，他们喜爱轻松而复杂的音乐；到了春夏，他们喜爱有活力、节奏感强。积极而又随意的音乐。研究1的内容主要是冬夏两季的设想。研究2则记录他们对四李不同的经历和感受。最后，研究结果与预测是出奇的一致，这同时也表明环境因素影响着大学生的音乐喜好。
Dispersion and Line Formation in Artificial Swarm Intelligence (2014)

One of the major motifs in collective or swarm intelligence is that, even though individuals follow simple rules, the resulting global behavior can be complex and intelligent. In artificial swarm systems, such as swarm robots, the goal is to use systems that are as simple and cheap as possible, deploy many of them, and coordinate them to conduct complex tasks that each individual cannot accomplish. Shape formation in artificial intelligence systems is usually required for specific task-oriented performance, including 1) forming sensing grids, 2) exploring and mapping in space, underwater, or hazardous environments, and 3) forming a barricade for surveillance or protecting an area or a person. This paper presents a dynamic model of an artificial swarm system based on a virtual spring damper model and algorithms for dispersion without a leader and line formation with an interim leader using only the distance estimation among the neighbors.