gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for automatic detection and classification of stroke from brain CT images (2009)

Computed tomographic (CT) images are widely used in the diagnosis of stroke. In this paper, we present an automated method to detect and classify an abnormality into acute infarct, chronic infarct and hemorrhage at the slice level of non-contrast CT images. The proposed method consists of three main steps: image enhancement, detection of mid-line symmetry and classification of abnormal slices. A windowing operation is performed on the intensity distribution to enhance the region of interest. Domain knowledge about the anatomical structure of the skull and the brain is used to detect abnormalities in a rotation- and translation-invariant manner. A two-level classification scheme is used to detect abnormalities using features derived in the intensity and the wavelet domain. The proposed method has been evaluated on a dataset of 15 patients (347 image slices). The method gives 90% accuracy and 100% recall in detecting abnormality at patient level; and achieves an average precision of 91% and recall of 90% at the slice level.
PYRIMIDINE DIMER FORMATION IN HUMAN SKIN (1987)

Abstract Cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers are major photoproducts formed upon irradiation of DNA with ultraviolet light. We have developed a method for detecting as few as one pyrimidine dimer per million bases in about 50 ng of non‐radioactive DNA, and have used this method to quantitate dimer yields in human skin DNA exposed in situ to UV. We found that UVA radiation (320–400 nm) produces detectable levels of dimers in the DNA of human skin. We also measured UVB‐induced dimer yields in skin of individuals of differing sun sensitivity and found higher yields in individuals with higher UVB minimal erythema doses and greater sun sensitivity. These approaches should provide important information on damage induced in human skin upon exposure to natural or artificial sources of ultraviolet radiation.
Contextual def-use associations for object aggregation (2001)

This paper presents a novel formulation of definitions, uses, and def-use associations for objects in object-oriented programs by exploiting the relations that occur between classes and their instantiated objects due to aggregation. Contextual def-use associations are computed by generating a partial call sequence for each def and use based on object aggregation relations. By extending an escape points-to graph representation of the program, we have developed and implemented three strategies for achieving different levels of context for contextual def-use associations. Our experiments reveal that with all three strategies, multiple unique contextual def-use associations related to the same traditional (context-free) association are often generated. Contextual def-use associations are particularly useful for increasing test coverage and focusing the testing on critical method invocation sequences of object-oriented programs.
IMS presence authorization applied to Web applications using REST (2009)

Presence services are not widespread because there is little interest in a closed presence application in the IP multimedia subsystem/next-generation network (IMS/NGN). A representational state transfer (REST) API for a presence service in IMS/NGN that can be easily used in a Web application has been proposed to encourage the use of presence services in IMS/NGN. Two problems with the conventional method for a presence REST API are presence authorization in Web applications and increased SIP processing within the IMS. This paper describes these problems in detail, proposes functions and analysis for solving them, and presents a prototype application.
Adhesion controversies: pelvic pain as a cause of adhesions, crystalloids in preventing them. (1996)

Laparoscopy is appropriate in patients with pelvic pain. Adhesions found in those patients, especially involving the adnexa, should be removed. Clinical evidence does not support the use of crystalloids in adhesion prevention.
A runtime approach to model-independent schema and data translation (2009)

A runtime approach to model-generic translation of schema and data is proposed.
A nonlinear control of the instantaneous power in dq synchronous frame for PWM AC/DC converter under generalized unbalanced operating conditions (2003)

This paper proposes a new control scheme for regulating the instantaneous power for PWM AC/DC type rectifiers under generalized unbalanced operating conditions. By nullifying the oscillating components of instantaneous power at the poles of the converter instead of the front-end through solving a set of nonlinear control equations in real time, the harmonics in the output DC voltage can be eliminated more effectively under generalized unbalanced operating conditions on the AC input side. The control scheme allows the PWM rectifier to generate a DC output without substantial even-order harmonics and to maintain nearly unity power factor under generalized unbalanced operating conditions, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the DC-link capacitor and AC inductors leading to the possibility of reduced total cost. Simulation results along with experimental results under the two examples of the unbalanced operating conditions confirm the feasibility of the new control method.
Thallium in organic synthesis. 58. Regiospecific intermolecular oxidative dehydrodimerization of aromatic compounds to biaryls using thallium(III) trifluoroacetate (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThallium in organic synthesis. 58. Regiospecific intermolecular oxidative dehydrodimerization of aromatic compounds to biaryls using thallium(III) trifluoroacetateAlexander McKillop, Andrew G. Turrell, Derek W. Young, and Edward C. TaylorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 21, 6504–6512Publication Date (Print):October 8, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 8 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00541a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00541a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2090Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A distributed TDMA rescheduling procedure for mobile packet radio networks (2002)

A procedure is presented that permits a node to move and then reallocate itself a transmission slot without involving the entire network. In the procedure the channel over which control packets are exchanged is shared and unreliable. Therefore, the resulting TDMA (time division multiple access) schedule may not be collision free. A collision resolution algorithm is presented to correct these problems. A procedure by which nodes can allocate themselves additional transmission slots, if they are available, and which maximizes bandwidth utilization is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Novel Source of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility and a Fertility Restoration Gene in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Lines (2009)

‘Taibyo VF’, a Japanese rootstock cultivar, is a Solanum grandifolium × S. melongena hybrid that has difficulty setting seed, but F1 plants of ‘Taibyo VF’ × ‘LS1934’ (S. melongena) produce some seeds. F2 plants were segregated into male-sterile and fertile plants. All plants in the backcross of sterile progeny with S. melongena were sterile, indicating cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) caused by the S. grandifolium cytoplasm. This CMS is stable under a range of environmental conditions. In contrast, fertile progeny appear to possess a fertility restoration nuclear gene. We studied the inheritance of this gene. F1, F2, and backcross generations from crosses between male-sterile ‘CMS-1’ and fertile ‘FR-1-1’ were obtained. ‘CMS-1’ is the F1 of male-sterile ‘ER98B-10-2-3-1’ × ‘AE-P08’ (S. melongena). ‘ER98B-10-2-3-1’ is the F5 and ‘FR-1-1’ is the F7 of ‘Taibyo VF’ × ‘LS1934’. All ‘CMS-1’ plants were male-sterile; the fertile to male-sterile segregation ratios were 3 : 1 in ‘FR-1-1’, 1 : 1 in F1 and 3 : 1 in F2 of ‘CMS-1’ × ‘FR-1-1’, and 1 : 1 in ‘CMS-1’//‘CMS-1’/‘FR-1-1’. Segregation ratios suggested that fertility restoration is controlled by a single dominant gene (Rf) carried heterozygously in ‘FR-1-1’. Restorer lines that carry nuclear Rf homozygously in the cytoplasm of S. melongena have been developed.
Engineering Plastics Handbook (2005)

Product developers have found a wide array of application for thermoplastics in automotive interior and exterior parts, business machines, medical, telecommunications equipment, microwaveable packaging, appliances, and specialty uses. However, finding a material that can meet consumer demands is no small task. While technological information is readily available regarding the general properties of common thermoplastic materials, there is no single authoritative source for building and evaluating new product lines. Written by a top team of international experts, this book focuses only on new and emerging engineering resin property requirements, instead of on properties of conventional engineering thermoplastics available from polymer producers and compounders. The book covers the important chemical, physical, mechanical, and applications aspects of engineering thermoplastics in one place, providing clear solutions to evaluate and compare existing product lines and new and emerging products
EFFECT OF NONSOLVENT ADDITIVES ON THE PORE SIZE AND THE PORE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF AROMATIC POLYAMIDE RO MEMBRANES (1987)

Abstract In this paper discussions are made on the effect of nonsolvent swelling agents on the average pore size and pore size distributions at the surface of polyamide membranes which result from casting solutions involving above nonsolvent swelling agents. The size of the polymer aggregate in the film casting solution and the size of polymer network pores are correlated to physicochemical data of ions which constitute the electrolytes used as nonsolvent swelling agents. As such ionic properties the charge density and the free energy of transition of ions from polyamide phase to water phase were considered. The validity of the correlation is limited in a range of casting solution composition where the polymer concentration in the casting solution is close to the limiting concentration of polymer at the phase boundary and the molar ratio of the nonsolvent swelling agent to the amide group involved in the polyamide polymer is equal to or slightly more than 0.7.
Characterization of IGBT modules for system EMI simulation (2010)

EMI filtering is a critical driver for volume and weight for many applications, particularly in airborne and other mobile platforms. Because of the lack of ability to accurately predict system EMI behavior, EMI filter design usually cannot start until prototype EMI measurement results become available. This often leads to costly schedule delay and disruption, and the resulting design is suboptimal at the best. To solve this problem, systematic EMI modeling method is needed to enable the development of optimal system EMI solutions concurrent with the design of the rest of the system. This paper proposes a piece-wise linear model for IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) modules for EMI simulation with sufficient accuracy and simplicity. Instead of physics-based models the proposed model is composed of a simple piece-wise linear circuit with parameters that can be extracted from the datasheet or simple device measurement. While the model is simple and easy to use, it can achieve sufficient accuracy required for EMI modeling. The proposed model is applied to a three-phase PFC and validated by comparison of model prediction with experimental measurements.
Magnetically reconfigurable colloidal patterns arranged from arrays of self-assembled microscopic dimers (2012)

This article presents a bottom-up strategy to assemble microscale paramagnetic particles into colloidal dimers above a structured magnetic substrate. Application of an external magnetic field modifies the stray field of the substrate, and generates several complex structures such as herringbone patterns, trees, branched or buckled chains, resulting from the competition between magnetic dipolar interactions and pinning of the substrate. Finally, the realized colloidal patterns are used to control and switch the mobility of non-magnetic colloids floating above the assembled paramagnetic dimers.
High-speed three-dimensional X-ray computed tomography: The dynamic spatial reconstructor (1983)

Most X-ray CT scanners require a few seconds to produce a single two-dimensional (2-D) image of a cross section of the body. The accuracy of full three-dimensional (3-D) images of the body synthesized from a contiguous set of 2-D images produced by sequential CT scanning of adjacent body slices is limited by 1) slice-to-slice registration (positioning of patient); 2) slice thickness; and 3) motion, both voluntary and involuntary, which occurs during the total time required to scan all slices. Therefore, this method is inadequate for true dynamic 3-D imaging of moving organs like the heart, lungs, and circulation. To circumvent these problems, the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR) was designed by the Biodynamics Research Unit at the Mayo Clinic to provide synchronous volume imaging, that is stop-action (1/100 s), high-repetition rate (up to 60/s), simultaneous scanning of many parallel thin cross sections (up to 240, each 0.45 mm thick, 0.9 mm apart) spanning the entire anatomic extent of the bodily organ(s)of interest. These capabilities are achieved by using multiple X-ray sources and multiple 2-D fluoroscopic video camera assemblies on a continually rotating gantry. Desired tradeoffs between temporal, spatial, and density resolution can be achieved by retrospective selection and processing of appropriate subsets of the total data recorded during a continuous DSR scan sequence.
Cointegration of High-Performance Tied-Gate Three-Terminal FinFETs and Variable Threshold-Voltage Independent-Gate Four-Terminal FinFETs With Asymmetric Gate-Oxide Thicknesses (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Cointegration of titanium nitride (TiN)-gate high-performance tied-gate three-terminal FinFETs with symmetric gate-oxide thicknesses <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$(t_{{\rm ox}1} = t_{{\rm ox}2} = \hbox{1.7}\ \hbox{nm})$ </tex></formula> and variable threshold-voltage <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$V_{\rm th}$</tex></formula> independent-gate four-terminal (4T) FinFETs with asymmetric gate-oxide thicknesses (<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$t_{{\rm ox}1} = \hbox{1.7}\ \hbox{nm}$</tex></formula> for the driving-gate-oxide, and <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$t_{{\rm ox}2} = \hbox{3.4}\ \hbox{or}\ \hbox{7.0}\ \hbox{nm}$</tex></formula> for the control-gate-oxide) has been successfully developed using conventional reactive sputtering, two-step Si-fin and gate-oxide formation, and resist etch-back processes. A significantly improved subthreshold slope and an extremely low <emphasis emphasistype="smcaps">OFF</emphasis>-state current <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$I_{ \rm off}$</tex></formula> are experimentally confirmed in the asymmetric gate-oxide thickness 4T FinFETs by increasing the control-gate-oxide thickness to twice or more the driving-gate-oxide thickness. The developed techniques are attractive for high-performance and low-power FinFET very large-scale integration circuits. </para>
Handling backtracking in Web applications (2004)

A common challenge in the development of Web applications today lies in the handling of unforeseen navigation steps initiated by the user through the browser's back, forward and reload buttons. These operations break the synchrony of dialog states on the server and the client, provoking nonintuitive and possibly destructive application behaviour if not properly handled. We therefore present an approach to handling back and forward navigation that realizes undo/redo semantics and illustrate its implementation using the example of a Web-based conference management system. The presented approach is subsequently discussed with regard to its general applicability and alternative handling semantics.
Acoustic Echo Cancellation Using a Pseudocoherence Function in the Presence of Memoryless Nonlinearity (2008)

Acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is critical for telecommunication applications involving two or more locations such as teleconferencing. It is also challenging because of loudspeaker's nonlinearity, real-time implementation requirement, and multipath effects of indoor environments. This paper addresses the nonlinear AEC problem. We use a Hammerstein model to describe the memoryless nonlinearity of loudspeaker concatenated with a linear room impulse response. We propose a method using a pseudo magnitude squared coherence (MSC) function to identify the nonlinearity in the Hammerstein system and develop an on-line AEC algorithm. Our method identifies nonlinearity without knowing the linear block in the Hammerstein system, which guarantees the stability of the algorithm and leads to a faster convergence rate. Moreover, several alternative criteria based on the MSC function are also proposed for nonlinearity identification. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is demonstrated through computer simulations.
Streptosporangium fragile sp. nov. (1983)

A new species of Streptosporangium is described, for which we propose the name Streptosporangium fragile. This organism produces a new anthracycline antibiotic and is characterized by dark brown to black vegetative mycelium, pink aerial mycelium, brown soluble pigment, and fragile sporangial membrane. In older cultures the fragility of the sporangial membrane results in the coalescence of the sporangiospores into large irregular masses. The type strain of S. fragile is SK&F-BC2496 (= ATCC 31519).
Irradiation and hypoxia promote homing of haematopoietic progenitor cells towards gliomas by TGF- -dependent HIF-1 -mediated induction of CXCL12 (2006)

Previously we defined a pathway of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXC chemokine ligand 12 (SDF-1alpha/CXCL12) dependent migration of adult haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPC) towards glioma cells in vitro and their homing to experimental gliomas in vivo. Hypoxia is a critical aspect of the microenvironment of gliomas and irradiation is an essential part of the standard therapy. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of HPC as vectors for a cell-based therapy of gliomas, we investigated the impact of hypoxia and irradiation on the attraction of HPC by glioma cells. Temozolomide (TMZ) treatment and hyperthermia served as controls. Supernatants of irradiated or hypoxic LNT-229 glioma cells promote HPC migration in vitro. Reporter assays reveal that the CXCL12 promoter activity is enhanced in LNT-229 cells at 24 h after irradiation at 8 Gy or after exposure to 1% oxygen for 12 h. The irradiation- and hypoxia-induced release of CXCL12 depends on hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha), but not on p53. Induction of transcriptional activity of HIF-1alpha by hypoxia or irradiation requires an intact TGF-beta signalling cascade. This delineates a novel stress signalling cascade in glioma cells involving TGF-beta, HIF-1alpha and CXCL12. Stress stimuli can be irradiation, hypoxia or TMZ, but not hyperthermia. Cerebral irradiation of nude mice at 21 days after intracerebral implantation of LNT-229 glioma induces tumour satellite formation and enhances the glioma tropism of HPC to the tumour bulk and even to these satellites in vivo. These data suggest that the use of HPC as cellular vectors in the treatment of glioblastoma may well be combined with irradiation or other anti-angiogenic therapies that induce tumour hypoxia.
Application of Mass Spectrometry to Protein Chemistry. I. Method for Amino-Terminal Sequence Analysis of Proteins. (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of Mass Spectrometry to Protein Chemistry. I. Method for Amino-Terminal Sequence Analysis of Proteins.William Gray and Ursino del ValleCite this: Biochemistry 1970, 9, 10, 2134–2137Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online22 October 2003Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00812a600https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00812a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence by medicinal plants in a Caenorhabditis elegans model system (2008)

Expression of a myriad of virulence factors and innate antibiotic resistance enables the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to create intractable infections. Using a nematode model, we screened for novel inhibitors of this pathogen. Aqueous extracts of three plants, Conocarpus erectus, Callistemon viminalis and Bucida buceras, were examined for their effects on P. aeruginosa killing of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The results were evaluated in toxin-based and infection-based assays using P. aeruginosa strains PAO1 and PA14. The tested plant extracts prevented mortality via gut infection in approximately 60 % of the worms and caused a 50-90 % reduction in death from toxin production. All extracts inhibited nematode death by P. aeruginosa without host toxicity, indicating their potential for further development as anti-infectives.
Monolithic colliding-pulse mode-locked quantum-well lasers (1992)

Integration of the whole mode-locked laser onto a single piece of semiconductor offers a number of advantages, including total elimination of optical alignment processes, improved mechanical stability, and the generation of short optical pulses at much higher repetition frequencies. Semiconductor laser processing technologies were used to implement the colliding-pulse mode-locking (CPM) scheme, which is known to effectively shorten the pulses and increase stability, on a miniature monolithic semiconductor cavity. The principles of and recent progress in monolithic CPM quantum-well lasers are reviewed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>