gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bromoform in tropical Atlantic air from 25°N to 25°S (2007)

Atmospheric mixing ratios of bromoform (CHBr 3 ) measured over the eastern Atlantic Ocean were enhanced (4 to 13 pptv) between 8–25°N, 17–21°W, in air masses advected over the NW African coast/upwelling zone. The highest mixing ratios at 8–10°N were associated with a biomass burning plume from the African savannah belt. Airborne samples taken over Nigeria showed however that biomass burning here is not a source of CHBr 3 . Previously reported water samples taken near to the NW African upwelling zone do not support the very high levels of atmospheric CHBr 3 observed, unless there is significant surface stratification of the atmospheric boundary layer. Other potential explanations include coastal macroalgae and/or sources within continental Africa. It is important to ascertain the nature of tropical sources of CHBr 3 in order to establish the mechanisms of suggested feedbacks between organic bromine and climate change.
Simultaneous Inhibition of Two Tomato Fruit Cell Wall Hydrolases, Pectinmethylesterase and Polygalacturonase, with Antisense Gene Constructs (1993)

The cloning and sequencing of two cDNAs representing pectinmethylesterase (PME) RNAs from tomato fruit is reported. The clones were used to construct chimeric antisense PME genes designed for high-level constitutive expression in plants. A full-length antisense PME gene construct, in conjunction with a chimeric antisense polygalacturonase gene, was introduced into tomato plants via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Simultaneous and significant reduction in the mRNA and protein levels of these normally highly abundant cell wall hydrolases of the pectin degradation pathway were observed in ripe fruit of transformants. Thus, antisense gene constructs in plants can be used to block multiple steps in metabolic pathways simultaneously.
Specific natural ferromagnetic resonance in amorphous microwires covered by glass insulation (1998)

UHF and static magnetic properties of (Fe 100-x C x ) 87 B 4 Si 5 Mn 4 microwire for X values from 10 to 20% are studied. Microwires made of such compositions may be both in amorphous or crystalline states and have a mixed structure leading to the broadening of Natural Ferromagnetic Resonance (NFMR) lines and occurrence of resonance at several adjacent frequencies. Static histeresis loops in such microwires are characterised by the presence of several large Barkhausen jumps wich points to inhomogeneous phase and magnetic structure.
Tuning and Maximizing the Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering from DNA-Tethered Nanodumbbells (2012)

We extensively study the relationships between single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SMSERS) intensity, enhancement factor (EF) distribution over many particles, interparticle distance, particle size/shape/composition and excitation laser wavelength using the single-particle AFM-correlated Raman measurement method and theoretical calculations. Two different single-DNA-tethered Au-Ag core-shell nanodumbbell (GSND) designs with an engineerable nanogap were used in this study: the GSND-I with various interparticle nanogaps from ∼4.8 nm to <1 nm or with no gap and the GSND-II with the fixed interparticle gap size and varying particle size from a 23-30 nm pair to a 50-60 nm pair. From the GSND-I, we learned that synthesizing a <1 nm gap is a key to obtain strong SMSERS signals with a narrow EF value distribution. Importantly, in the case of the GSND-I with <1 nm interparticle gap, an EF value of as high as 5.9 × 10(13) (average value = 1.8 × 10(13)) was obtained and the EF values of analyzed particles were narrowly distributed between 1.9 × 10(12) and 5.9 × 10(13). In the case of the GSND-II probes, a combination of >50 nm Au cores and 514.5 nm laser wavelength that matches well with Ag shell generated stronger SMSERS signals with a more narrow EF distribution than <50 nm Au cores with 514.5 nm laser or the GSND-II structures with 632.8 nm laser. Our results show the usefulness and flexibility of these GSND structures in studying and obtaining SMSERS structures with a narrow distribution of high EF values and that the GSNDs with < 1 nm are promising SERS probes with highly sensitive and quantitative detection capability when optimally designed.
Treatment of mild to moderate dehydration in children with oral rehydration therapy (2008)

Current practice in the treatment of mild to moderate dehydration in children does not match both AAP and WHO guidelines, which are based on evidence supporting ORT effectiveness. Treatment with ORT allows children more flexibility to be treated at home and thus decreases hospital stay. Evidence shows that the time required to initiate ORT is actually quicker than IV therapy and allows for a less stressful therapy that can be performed in the home.
Total intravenous anaesthesia in stereotactic surgery--one year's clinical experience. (1991)

The technique of stereotactic intracranial surgery is described together with a total intravenous anaesthetic technique (TIVA) using a propofol infusion, fentanyl, vecuronium and oxygen in air. One year's results are reported for patients undergoing biopsy or destruction of an intracranial lesion. This technique offered cardiovascular stability and an adequate depth of anaesthesia for the various stages required in stereotaxis. Recovery was rapid and with few side-effects. Duration of anaesthesia and total dose of propofol did not significantly prolong the time to recovery.
Distributed multimedia using CORBA (2002)

A new software environment has been created that allows multimedia communication among computers running on different platforms. Evolving standards for interfacing and video coding are used: the concept of interoperability as embodied in the Object Management Group's common request broker architecture (CORBA) standard specification for data objects has been extended to multimedia objects, specifically MPEG encoded video. Handling of real-time video and audio streams has been incorporated in a demonstration system which uses a commercial implementation of a CORB (common object broker architecture). Sample applications could include video on demand or surveillance systems. We report on architectural aspects and measured performance aspects.
Studies on the structure of brain ganglioside (1958)

Research Article| February 01 1958 Studies on the structure of brain ganglioside S. Bogoch S. Bogoch 1Neurochemical Research Laboratory, Massachusetts Mental Health Centre (Boston Psychopathic Hospital), and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1958) 68 (2): 319–326. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0680319 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation S. Bogoch; Studies on the structure of brain ganglioside. Biochem J 1 February 1958; 68 (2): 319–326. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0680319 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1958 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1958 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Transferrin-PEG-PE modified dexamethasone conjugated cationic lipid carrier mediated gene delivery system for tumor-targeted transfection (2012)

It can be concluded that Tf and Dexa could function as an excellent active targeting ligand to improve the cell targeting and nuclear targeting ability of the carriers, and the resulting nanomedicine could be a promising active targeting drug/gene delivery system.
Real-time human detection for robots using CNN with a feature-based layered pre-filter (2016)

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in combination with big data, are increasingly being used to engineer robustness into visual classification systems including human detection. One significant challenge to using a CNN on a mobile robot, however, is the associated computational cost and detection rate of running the network. In this work, we demonstrate how fusion with a feature-based layered classifier can help. Not only does score-level fusion of a CNN with the layered classifier improve precision/recall for detecting people on a mobile robot, but using the layered system as a pre-filter can substantially reduce the computational cost of running a CNN - reducing the number of objects that need to be classified while still improving precision. The combined real-time system is implemented and evaluated on a two robots with very different GPU capabilities.
Cooperative scheduling of tasks for networked uninhabited autonomous vehicles (2004)

In this paper we model a cooperative control problem for a network of UAVs where it is assumed that before the mission starts a set of tasks is given to a set of UAVs, but then after deployment the UAVs must cooperate to decide which UAV should process each task. The cooperation must occur in spite of imperfect communications (e.g., messages with random but bounded delays). We show how to view this as a cooperative scheduling (resource allocation) problem, and how to derive bounds on mission-level performance metrics for cooperative scheduling methods. Simulations will be used to compare the approach to a noncooperative strategy and to provide design guidelines for the cooperative scheduler.
Long-answer question answering and rhetorical-semantic relations (2007)

Over the past decade, Question Answering (QA) has generated considerable interest and participation in the fields of Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval. Conferences such as TREC, CLEF and DUC have examined various aspects of the QA task in the academic community. In the commercial world, major search engines from Google, Microsoft and Yahoo have integrated basic QA capabilities into their core web search. These efforts have focused largely on so-called “factoid ” questions seeking a single fact, such as the birthdate of an individual or the capital city of a country. Yet in the past few years, there has been growing recognition of a broad class of “long-answer ” questions which cannot be satisfactorily answered in this framework, such as those seeking a definition, explanation, or other descriptive information in response. In this thesis, we consider the problem of answering such questions, with particular focus on the contribution to be made by integrating rhetorical and semantic models. We present DefScriber, a system for answering definitional (“What is X?”), biographical (“Who is X?”) and other long-answer questions using a hybrid of goal- and data-driven methods. Our goal-driven, or top-down, approach is motivated by a set of definitional pred-
Reactivity-Gated Photochromism of 1,2-Dithienylethenes for Potential Use in Dosimetry Applications (2005)

[reaction: see text] A novel molecular switching system based on reactivity-gated photochromism operates because a butadiene undergoes a [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction with a dienophile to produce the photoresponsive 1,2-dithienylethene backbone. The reversible change in color when samples are irradiated with appropriate wavelengths of light occurs only after the Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction takes place.
Expression from the nifB promoter of Azotobacter vinelandii can be activated by NifA, VnfA, or AnfA transcriptional activators (1996)

In Azotobacter vinelandii, nifB is required for the activity of all three nitrogenases. Expression of a nifB-lacZ fusion was examined to determine which regulatory gene products are important for nifB expression and how its transcription is regulated in response to metals. In all conditions, expression in A. vinelandii was eliminated by an rpoN mutation, confirming the absolute requirement for sigma N. In the wild type, nifB-lacZ expression was approximately twofold higher in cells grown with Mo than without. Expression was negligible in a nifA mutant grown with Mo but was much higher in Mo-free medium, suggesting that in these conditions, another sigma N-dependent activator was responsible for nifB expression, possibly VnfA, AnfA, or NtrC. Although expression of the nifB-lacZ fusion in A. vinelandii vnfA, anfA, and ntrC mutants was little different from that in the wild type, nifB transcription could be activated by NifA, VnfA, or a truncated form of AnfA in Escherichia coli. The two potential NifA binding sites centered at -87 and -129 bp upstream of the transcription start site each overlapped a VnfA recognition sequence, motifs also found in Azotobacter chroococcum in two exactly conserved regions. Deletion analysis showed that both regions are important for nifB expression. Activation of the full-length promoter by AnfA was impaired by overexpressing the DNA-binding domain of NifA, suggesting that binding of NifA and AnfA can be competitive.
Relationships Between Food Preferences and Food Acceptance Ratings (1982)

ABSTRACT A study was conducted to assess relationships between food preference ratings and food acceptability ratings. Acceptability ratings for each of two discriminably different samples of nine food items were obtained using the 9‐point hedonic scale. Regression analysis indicated that no linear relationship existed between these ratings and either hedonic or frequency preference ratings of the foods. In addition, the range of acceptability ratings was smaller than the range of corresponding’preference ratings. Panelists’expressed preferences had no effect on their assignment of differential acceptance ratings to different samples of the items. Correlations between preference ratings of laboratory panelists and military field panelists were good, in spite of higher absolute preference ratings assigned by the laboratory panel.
Post-convolved splatting (2003)

One of the most expensive operations in volume rendering is the interpolation of samples in volume space. The number of samples, in turn, depends on the resolution of the final image. Hence, viewing the volume at high magnification will incur heavy computation. In this paper, we explore an approach that limits the number of samples to the resolution of the volume, independent of the magnification factor, using a cheap post-convolution process on the interpolated samples to generate the missing samples. For X-ray, this post-convolution is needed only once, after the volume is fully projected, while in full volume rendering, the post-convolution must be applied before each shading and compositing step. Using this technique, we are able to achieve speedups of two and more, without compromising rendering quality. We demonstrate our approach using an image-aligned sheet-buffered splatting algorithm, but our conclusions readily generalize to any volume rendering algorithm that advances across the volume in a slice-based fashion.
Theory and Practice in Nonprobability Surveys (2016)

Many in the survey research community have expressed concern at the growing popularity of nonprobability surveys. The absence of random selection prompts justified concerns about self-selection producing biased results and means that traditional, design-based estimation is inappropriate. This paper seeks to provide insight into the conditions under which nonprobability surveys can be expected to provide estimates free of selection bias. In fields such as epidemiology and economics that routinely work with observational data, researchers have identified the necessary conditions for unbiased estimation of causal effects when treatments are not assigned randomly. Similar conditions apply to survey estimates when respondents are not randomly selected. Drawing on this body of research, we propose a framework composed
Evaluation of the Traffic Noise Prediction Procedure (1973)

Approximately 270 noise-level recordings were obtained at 39 highway sites and compared with the noise-level predictions obtained by the procedure outlined in NCHRP Report 117. The measured noise levels were computed in terms of the A-weighted L10 value (level exceeded 10 percent of time) and then compared to the predicted noise levels. A significant discrepancy was found between predicted and measured noise levels; generally, the predicted values exceeded the measured values. Average error per location was 4.8 dBA; the maximum error was 13 dBA. A nomograph was devised to correct the predicted value; this nomograph involves observer-to-roadway distances, truck volumes, and automobile speeds. By applying correction factors, the average error was reduced to 1.9 dBA, a 60-percent reduction in error. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the nomograph be used to correct noise predictions in Kentucky.
The Use of Chemical Peelings in the Treatment of Different Cutaneous Hyperpigmentations (1999)

Based on our findings, both peelings can be considered effective in the treatment of cutaneous hyperpigmentations.
Effects of surface hydration on the deposition of silane monolayers on silica (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of surface hydration on the deposition of silane monolayers on silicaJ. D. Le Grange, J. L. Markham, and C. R. KurkjianCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 7, 1749–1753Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00031a023https://doi.org/10.1021/la00031a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3054Altmetric-Citations239LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Studies on Lean NOx Reduction with Ammonia. Catalysts and Sensors (2005)

Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia, NH3-SCR, is a promising technique to reduce NOx under lean conditions, e.g. in diesel engine exhausts. The main objective of this thesis was to gain further understanding of key parameters affecting the performance of catalysts and sensors for NH3-SCR. The work primarily comprises flow-reactor and in situ FTIR spectroscopy studies along with electronic structure calculations performed to support experimental results. In addition, catalyst screening and novel preparation techniques were explored. Several TiO2 supported metal and metal oxide catalysts were evaluated for the NH3-SCR reaction in a high-throughput screening reactor. In this survey, Cr-, Mn-, Fe- and Rh-containing catalysts showed the most promising catalytic properties with respect to NOx reduction activity and selectivity. It was further shown that wider operating temperature windows were obtained with combinations of these metals and there was a general trend towards increased low-temperature NH3-SCR activity when rhodium was included. The same trend was observed for Rh-containing mixed metal oxide catalysts with crystalline perovskite structures. The perovskite catalysts were synthesized using microemulsions, which lowered the required temperature to form the perovskite phase. Zeolite H-ZSM-5 was investigated for the NH3-SCR reaction and very high NOx reduction activity was observed with high amounts of NO2 in the feed. The rate-limiting step for this catalyst was found to be NO oxidation to NO2. In situ FTIR spectroscopy showed that ammonia formed NH4+ at the Brønsted acid sites in the zeolite, which participated in the SCR reaction. NOx was observed to adsorb at the Brønsted acid sites and NH3 present in the zeolite was found to suppress the NO oxidation. When NH3 was removed from the feed, the NO reduction activity increased, as NO oxidation sites became available. It was further shown that a transient supply of ammonia enhanced the total NO reduction up to five times compared to a continuous ammonia supply. The sensing layer of an ammonia sensor was investigated by studying a model system consisting of Pt nanoparticles supported on silica. In situ FTIR spectroscopy provided evidence for NH2 species when the Pt/SiO2 samples were exposed to NH3, indicating NH3 dissociation. At high temperatures, formation of OH groups was observed on the silica surface, indicative of H diffusion from Pt to silica. The same OH stretching modes were observed when the Pt/SiO2 was exposed to H2. It was further shown that these OH groups were formed at the Pt-silica interface. Electronic structure calculations indicated that charge transfer might occur at the Pt-silica interface during OH group formation.
Effects of Nonylphenol on the Production of Progesterone by Rat Granulosa Cells. (2010)

Nonylphenol (NP) is a metabolite of detergent. The estrogenic effects and acute toxicity of NP causes disturbance in reproductive system. It has been reported that NP inhibits testosterone synthesis in male gonads, while the effects on progesterone release from female ovarian cells are unclear. In the present study, the effects of NP on steroidogenesis of progesterone in rat granulosa cells were examined both in vitro and in vivo. Immature (3-week old) female rats were intraperitoneally injected with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG, 20 IU). After 48 hrs, the PMSG-treated rats were sacrificed and granulosa cells were collected from rat ovaries. The granulosa cells were cultured in 24-well plates (105 cells/ 0.5 ml) for 48 hrs, then treated with NP (4.3 µM, 12.8 µM, 43 µM ), in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 0.05 IU/ml) for 2 to 24 hrs to evaluate the NP effects on progesterone steroidogenesis. The levels of progesterone in medium were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the protein expressions were detected by western blotting. The data indicated that NP stimulated production of progesterone via a dose-dependent manner, especially for 2, 4 and 8 hrs, while treatment of NP for 24 hrs decreased progesterone release. Treatment of NP for 16 and 24 hrs prevented the stimulatory effects of hCG. We also gave the immature female rats gavage of NP with daily dose of 0, 50, 100 and 200 µg per kg body weight of NP for 7 days. The progesterone levels were raised following administration of 100 µg NP. Stimulation with hCG and 8-bromo-adenosine cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) showed similar trends. MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 did not affect progesterone as compared with vehicle treatment. Expressions of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein were enhanced with 100 µg of NP. Moreover, gavage of NP (100 µg /kg/day) during 21-day pregnancy increased progesterone production of the female puppies' granulosa cells compared with those treatment without NP. These data suggested that NP directly stimulated StAR protein expression and affected the synthesis and production of progesterone in rat granulosa cells via activation of cAMP pathway. (poster)