gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transient Assay System for the Analysis of<i>PR-1a</i>Gene Promoter in Tobacco BY-2 Cells (2004)

In order to develop a rapid and versatile assay system suitable for the analysis of regulated expression of tobacco pathogenesis-related protein 1a (PR-1a) gene, we investigated the use of the transient gene expression system in tobacco BY-2 cells by microprojectile bombardment. Using dual luciferase assay as a reporter gene expression detection system, we observed significant induction of PR-1a promoter activity by salicylic acid (SA) treatment. On the other hand, treatment with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) resulted in no detectable increase in luciferase activity. Co-expression of a trans-acting factor, the NPR1/NIM1 protein of Arabidopsis, resulted in the induction of higher expression levels of the PR-1a promoter. These results suggest that the assay system is applicable for the analysis of factors involved in the regulated expression of SA-inducible defense-related genes.
Planning the Future of GeoCyberEducation (2010)

The geoscience community has come together repeatedly in the last fifteen years to examine how the growing world of cyberinfrastructure tools, data archives, and information resources is impacting education and research in the field.
New Aroma Chemicals derived from (+) -2-Pinene (1992)

(2, 2, 3-Trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl) acetaldehyde (1) was obtained by thermal decomposition of (+) -2-pinene oxide in the presence of synthetic zeolites. (1) was used as a material for the synthesis of new aromatic chemicals. The synthesis of 14 novel perfumes was carried out by introducing of functional groups as -CN, -OH, > C=O, and -COOH into (1) and the products were evaluated by professional perfumers with respect to adequacy as a perfume base. (+) -3- (2, 2, 3-Trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl) propan-2-one (3) was found to be of the odor to jasmine note type derived from (+) - (2, 2, 3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl) acetnitrile (2). α, β-Unsaturated carboxylic acid, (+) -4- (2, 2, 3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl) -trans-2-butenoic acid (7) was of the odor to sweet sheet type. (+) -5- (2, 2, 3-Trimethylcyclopen t-3-en-1-yl) -2-methylpentan-4-ol (11), prepared by Grignard reagent addition, was of the odor to mint note type. These products were found suitable as perfume bases.
Role of Prostaglandin E Receptor EP <sub>1</sub> Subtype in the Development of Renal Injury in Genetically Hypertensive Rats (2003)

One of the major causes of end-stage renal diseases is hypertensive renal disease, in which enhanced renal prostaglandin (PG) E2 production has been shown. PGE2, a major arachidonic acid metabolite produced in the kidney, acts on 4 receptor subtypes, EP1 through EP4, but the pathophysiological importance of the PGE2/EP subtypes in the development of hypertensive renal injury remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether an orally active EP1-selective antagonist (EP1A) prevents the progression of renal damage in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP), a model of human malignant hypertension. Ten-week-old SHRSP, with established hypertension but with minimal renal damage, were given EP1A or vehicle for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, vehicle-treated SHRSP showed prominent proliferative lesions in arterioles, characterized by decreased alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in multilayered vascular smooth muscle cells. Upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta expression and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were also observed in vehicle-treated SHRSP. All these changes were dramatically attenuated in EP1A-treated SHRSP. Moreover, EP1A treatment significantly inhibited both increase in urinary protein excretion and decrease in creatinine clearance but had little effect on systemic blood pressure. These findings indicate that the PGE2/EP1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development of renal injury in SHRSP. This study opens a novel therapeutic potential of selective blockade of EP1 for the treatment of hypertensive renal disease.
A Practical Guide to Information Systems Strategic Planning (1998)

The foundation of a successful information systems strategic plan is the recognition that business direction and requirements must drive the IS strategy and computing architecture. A Practical Guide to Information Systems Strategic Planning, Second Edition outlines a systematic approach to guide you through the development of an effective IS plan t
Distinction between Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Isoforms and Identification of New Phosphorylation Sites by Mass Spectrometry (2008)

In mammals, Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are bound to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, where they are responsible for the oxidative metabolism of many xenobiotics as well as organic endogenous compounds. In humans, 57 isoforms were identified which are classified based on sequence homology. In the present work, we demonstrate the performance of a mass spectrometry-based strategy to simultaneously detect and differentiate distinct human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms including the highly similar CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, as well as CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2C19, and CYP4F2, CYP4F3, CYP4F11, CYP4F12. Compared to commonly used immunodetection methods, mass spectrometry overcomes limitations such as low antibody specificity and offers high multiplexing possibilities. Furthermore, CYP phosphorylation, which may affect various biochemical and enzymatic properties of these enzymes, is still poorly analyzed, especially in human tissues. Using titanium dioxide resin combined with tandem mass spectrometry for phosphopeptide enrichment and sequencing, we discovered eight human P450 phosphorylation sites, seven of which were novel. The data from surgical human liver samples establish that the isoforms CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2E1, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A7, and CYP8B1 are phosphorylated in vivo. These results will aid in further investigation of the functional significance of protein phosphorylation for this important group of enzymes.
Modeling three-dimensional boundary layers using the turbulent potential model (2000)

Predictions of the three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer that results when two-dimensional channel flow is suddenly subjected to a spanwise pressure gradient are presented. The recently developed turbulent potential model is used to perform the calculations. The turbulent potential mode1 demonstrates the ability to capture the initial decrease in turbulent kinetic energy and shear-stress, and accurately predicts the development of the spanwise velocity and resulting boundary layer skewing. Results are compared with direct numerical simulation data at a Reynolds number of 3300.
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines as antibacterial agents. 13. Some alkenyl derivatives with high in vitro activity against anaerobic organisms (1989)

A series of 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dialkenyl-4-methoxy- or -4-hydroxybenzyl)pyrimidines was prepared from [(allyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidines by Claisen rearrangements, and the resulting allyl phenols were further modified by methylation and rearrangement to 1-propenyl analogues. Analogous 3,4-dimethoxy-5-alkenyl derivatives were prepared by similar techniques. High in vitro antibacterial activity was obtained against certain anaerobic organisms, such as Bacteroides species and Fusobacterium, which was equal to or better than the control, metronidazole, in several cases. The profile was similar against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Staphylococcus aureus. The 3,5-bis(1-propenyl)-4-methoxy derivative 8 was 1 order of magnitude more active against Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase than its saturated counterpart, and it was also more active than trimethoprim, 1. However, it was considerably less active in vitro against the Gram-negative organisms. The 3,4-dimethoxy-5-alkenyl, -5-alkyl, and -5-alkoxy analogues had very high broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. However, pharmacokinetic studies of four of the compounds in dogs and rats and in vivo studies with an abdominal sepsis model in rats showed no advantages over trimethoprim.
Conformational characterization of silk fibroin in intact Bombyx mori and Pilosamia cynthia ricini silkworms by carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleConformational characterization of silk fibroin in intact Bombyx mori and Pilosamia cynthia ricini silkworms by carbon-13 NMR spectroscopyTetsuo Asakura, Hiroshi Suzuki, and Yasuo WatanabeCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 6, 1024–1026Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00240a043Request reuse permissionsArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (269 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anodic Oxidation of the Basic Sulfates of Lead (1966)

, , and were prepared by reacting and dilute . The crystalline phases were identified by x‐ray diffraction patterns, and electron microscope examination showed all three to be prismatic needles, The three basic sulfates were oxidized anodically in dilute sulfuric acid, and x‐ray diffraction showed that each transformed to . The pellet made from was mechanically strong, and the transformation to was largely metasomatic after the original crystals of the basic sulfate. The three anodic preparations were examined in the electron microscope and showed the presence of prismatic and nodular particles of .
[Mucosal lesions in the pars esophagus in swine: prevalence and the effect of stress]. (1992)

Morphological investigations of slaughterhouse material revealed a prevalence of 63% of the sows (n = 224) and 36% of the slaughter pigs (n = 209) with mucosal lesions in the pars oesophagea. The mucosal lesions were composed of severe hyperkeratosis, erosions or ulceration. Microscopic examination showed that hyperkeratosis is attended with parakeratosis. From experiments in a climate controlled pighouse it could be concluded that mixing of unfamiliar pigs resulted in higher prevalences of gastric lesions as compared with keeping the litter together until the end of the experiment (farrow to finish system). There was no relation between gastric lesions and climatic stressors or between gastric lesions and growth and sex of the pigs. When pigs, according to social ranking, were divided in high, middle and low rank it showed that more pigs in the middle-ranked group had gastric lesions. The serum pepsinogen was not related with gastric lesions. There was a tendency that plasma cortisol increased with severity of gastric lesions. There was a strong significant 'litter-effect', which can indicate a genetic predisposition for the development of gastric lesions. Maybe that the presence of mucosal lesions in the pars oesophagea can be used as an objective indicator for welfare in intensive pig husbandry.
Polioviruses containing picornavirus type 1 and/ortype 2 internal ribosomal entry site elements: genetic hybrids and theexpression of a foreign gene. (1994)

A picornavirus hybrid genome was constructed in which the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) of encephalomyocarditis virus was inserted between the 5' non-translated region and the open reading frame of poliovirus (PV), type 1 (Mahoney). Upon transfection into HeLa cells, the hybrid RNA replicated and yielded a derivative of PV (W1-PNENPO). The PV IRES could be removed from pPNENPO, which resulted in a hybrid picornavirus (W1-P108ENPO) in which the translation of the PV open reading frame normally promoted by the type 1 IRES of PV was promoted by the type 2 IRES of encephalomyocarditis virus. This result indicates that these elements are not likely to contain cis-acting elements necessary for PV replication or encapsidation. A foreign gene (bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, CAT) was inserted into pPNENPO cDNA between the PV and encephalomyocarditis virus IRES elements. The dicistronic RNA replicated in HeLa cells and yielded a derivative of PV (W1-DICAT) with a genome 17% longer than that of wild-type PV. CAT assays and immunoblot analyses showed that the viral RNA efficiently expressed the foreign gene in cell culture. The CAT activity diminished somewhat with each passage of the dicistronic virus, an observation which suggested that the inserted gene had a deleterious effect on viral replication. However, even after five virus passages, a significant quantity of the foreign gene was still expressed. Insertion of the open reading frame of luciferase (67 kDa) resulted in an RNA species that replicated and expressed luciferase for up to 20 hr after transfection. However, this elongated RNA was not encapsidated.
Designing hypertext support for computational applications (1995)

article Free Access Share on Designing hypertext support for computational applications Authors: Michael Bieber Univ. Heights, Newark, NJ Univ. Heights, Newark, NJView Profile , Charles Kacmar Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FLView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 38Issue 8Aug. 1995pp 99–107https://doi.org/10.1145/208344.208351Published:01 August 1995Publication History 44citation560DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations44Total Downloads560Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Peripheral morphine analgesia (1997)

aDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287-8711, USA bAbteilung Statistik und Dokumentation, Max-Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie, 80804 München, Germany Received 3 February 1997; accepted 4 February 1997 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 410 6141516; fax: +1 410 9550994; e-mail: [email protected]
The proteasome inhibitior bortezomib depletes plasma cells and ameliorates clinical manifestations of refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (2015)

These findings identify proteasome inhibitors as a putative therapeutic option for patients with refractory SLE by targeting PCs and type-I IFN activity, but our results must be confirmed in controlled trials.
Structural Characterization of Crown Ether Complexed Potassium Ion $(C_{12}H_{24}O_6{\cdot}K)_2K[Co(OH)_6Mo_6O_{18}]{\cdot}12H_2O$ (1990)

The crystal structure of has been determined by X-ray diffraction. Crystal data as follows ; monoclinic, space group , and Z = 2. A final conventional R value of 0.044 was obtained by least-squares refinement of 4173 independent observed reflections. The polyanion shows the well-known Anderson-structure and has approximate 3m symmetry. A polyanion is located between two crown ether complexed cations forming a sandwich structure. One potassium ion interacts with the crown ether via electrostatic interactions. The other potassium ion only interacts with the water molecules and terminal oxygen atoms of the polyanion.
The primary structure of link protein from rat chondrosarcoma proteoglycan aggregate. (1986)

Cartilage proteoglycan monomers associate with hyaluronic acid to form proteoglycan aggregates. Link protein, a glycoprotein interacting with both hyaluronic acid and proteoglycan, serves to stabilize the aggregate structure. The primary structure of the link protein has been determined with a view to defining its interaction with both hyaluronic acid and proteoglycan. Thus, the link protein has been digested with staphylococcal V8 protease, trypsin, and chymotrypsin and the resulting peptides characterized by amino acid composition and sequence. We have determined that the link protein is a single peptide with 339 amino acid residues. The protein core has a molecular weight of 38,564. There is one N-linked oligosaccharide at residue 41 with a molecular weight of approximately 2,500. There are five disulfide bonds which define three loops within the amino acid sequence. The loop nearest to the NH2-terminal contains 78 amino acids and is followed by a section of 42 amino acids between it and the second loop. The second and third loops display considerable homology with each other; they consist of 71 and 70 amino acids, respectively, each contain two disulfide bonds, and both loops possess, approximately centrally, an epitope for the species nonspecific anti-link protein monoclonal antibody, 8A4. These loops are separated by a short section of 27 amino acids. We speculate that these loops are functionally important in the interaction of link protein with hyaluronic acid, as they appear to be the most conserved regions of link protein between species.
Thickness and other effects on oxide and interface damage by plasma processing (1993)

The authors point out that plasma induced oxide charging occurs mainly during the overetch time. There is no measurable additional damage during the moment of plasma turn-on and turn-off. Plasma acts more like a current source than a voltage source. This is fortunate for future thinner oxides. There is a latent interface damage remaining after the forming gas anneal. A discrepancy between the defect densities measured in test structures and in circuits is explained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Menadione (Vitamin K3) Is a Catabolic Product of Oral Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) in the Intestine and a Circulating Precursor of Tissue Menaquinone-4 (Vitamin K2) in Rats (2013)

Mice have the ability to convert dietary phylloquinone (vitamin K1) into menaquinone-4 (vitamin K2) and store the latter in tissues. A prenyltransferase enzyme, UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing 1 (UBIAD1), is involved in this conversion. There is evidence that UBIAD1 has a weak side chain cleavage activity for phylloquinone but a strong prenylation activity for menadione (vitamin K3), which has long been postulated as an intermediate in this conversion. Further evidence indicates that when intravenously administered in mice phylloquinone can enter into tissues but is not converted further to menaquinone-4. These findings raise the question whether phylloquinone is absorbed and delivered to tissues in its original form and converted to menaquinone-4 or whether it is converted to menadione in the intestine followed by delivery of menadione to tissues and subsequent conversion to menaquinone-4. To answer this question, we conducted cannulation experiments using stable isotope tracer technology in rats. We confirmed that the second pathway is correct on the basis of structural assignments and measurements of phylloquinone-derived menadione using high resolution MS analysis and a bioassay using recombinant UBIAD1 protein. Furthermore, high resolution MS and (1)H NMR analyses of the product generated from the incubation of menadione with recombinant UBIAD1 revealed that the hydroquinone, but not the quinone form of menadione, was an intermediate of the conversion. Taken together, these results provide unequivocal evidence that menadione is a catabolic product of oral phylloquinone and a major source of tissue menaquinone-4.
Structural analysis of electrophoretic variation in the genome profiles of rotavirus field isolates (1982)

Detailed structural studies were undertaken on five isolates of bovine rotavirus which showed variability in the migration patterns of their genome segments on electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. The individual genome segments of each isolate were characterized by partial digestion of terminally radiolabeled RNA with a base-specific nuclease. This analysis showed that whereas mobility variations were always associated with detectable changes in nucleotide sequence, sequence changes at least as great as those found in segments showing electrophoretic mobility variations were also detected in segments showing no mobility variation. Evidence for the occurrence of genome segment reassortment between viruses in the field was obtained from analyzing the species 11 RNAs from these five isolates. The overall conclusion from these results is that great care is required in the interpretation of simple genome profile analysis of different isolates for epidemiological purposes and that classification of these viruses solely on the basis of genome electropherotype could be misleading.
Potential bacterial core species associated with digital dermatitis in cattle herds identified by molecular profiling of interdigital skin samples (2016)

Although treponemes are consistently identified in tissue from bovine digital dermatitis (DD) lesions, the definitive etiology of this debilitating polymicrobial disease is still unresolved. To study the microbiomes of 27 DD-infected and 10 healthy interdigital skin samples, we used a combination of different molecular methods. Deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene variable regions V1–V2 showed that Treponema, Mycoplasma, Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas were the genera best differentiating the DD samples from the controls. Additional deep sequencing analysis of the most abundant genus, Treponema, targeting another variable region of the 16S rRNA gene, V3–V4, identified 15 different phylotypes, among which Treponema phagedenis-like and Treponema refringens-like species were the most abundant. Although the presence of Treponema spp., Fusobacterium necrophorum and Porphyromonas levii was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the results for Mycoplasma spp. were inconclusive. Extensive treponemal epidermal infiltration, constituting more than 90% of the total bacterial population, was observed in 24 of the 27 DD samples. F. necrophorum and P. levii were superficially located in the epidermal lesions and were present in only a subset of samples. RT-qPCR analysis showed that treponemes were also actively expressing a panel of virulence factors at the site of infection. Our results further support the hypothesis that species belonging to the genus Treponema are major pathogens of DD and also provide sufficient clues to motivate additional research into the role of M. fermentans, F. necrophorum and P. levii in the etiology of DD.