gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ball Trajectory Extraction in Team Sports Videos by Focusing on Ball Holder Candidates for a Play Search and 3D Virtual Display System (2015)

When team sports coaches instruct their team members, a sample video is needed for an offensive instruction. However, it is very difficult to search a video for the parts of interest, and it takes a long time to compile a database, for example, ball trajectories and player locations, because sports videos have many periods with no play such as timeouts. In particular, information on the ball trajectory is very important for tactical analysis. However, it is currently inputted manually, which is time-consuming. Therefore, we focus on American football, where the ball can rarely be seen. The contribution of this paper is the submission of a method of automatic ball trajectory extraction. First, we remove the no-play periods in team sports videos to leave only play time and reduce the processing time. Second, we extract the ball trajectory to enable tactical analysis. We propose a new approach to ball tracking by focusing on the ball holder prediction. Our method can be applied to situations with heavy occlusion. Finally, we construct a play search and 3D virtual display system using information on the ball trajectory and the Unity, which is the development environment of the 3D virtual visualization. We used it to construct a Virtual 3D map for watching the play from an arbitrary viewpoint.
Utilizing Weibull Failure Rates in Repair Limit Analysis for Equipment Replacement/Preventive Maintenance Decisions (1996)

Repair limit analysis was originally proposed as a methodology for determining whether to repair or to replace an operating unit. The approach structures the problem as a Markov or semi-Markov decision process in which state-dependent repair limits trigger the replacement decision. Such a basic framework can easily be applied to more general equipment repair/overhaul environments in which typical maintenance condition monitoring information can serve as the overhaul trigger. One unnecessary limitation of repair limit analysis found in the literature is the use of a constant force of mortality within each state of the model. The purpose of this paper is to extend the repair limit analysis by incorporating a changing force of mortality as the unit ages. In this way, the analysis is more flexible in the parameter estimation phase and it is argued here more appealing since a changing (and usually increasing) force of mortality is utilized in equipment maintenance environments.
Joining Dissimilar Metals With Transition Materials (1976)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Galvanic corrosion and mechanical properties are major design considerations for bimetallic assemblies. Galvanic corrosion can lead to rapid degradation while welding of dissimilar metals such as steel and aluminum can lead to reduced structural stability. This paper describes a new concept in joining dissimilar metals involving the use of transition materials. The clad transition materials is composed of the dissimilar metals to be joined and effectively reduces the corrosion and mechanical problems associated with the system. Results of galvanic corrosion field tests and welding studies for transition materials are presented and several examples of automotive applications are cited.</div>
One-Dimensional Analysis of Full Load Draft Tube Surge (2008)

One-dimensional stability analysis of a hydraulic system composed of a penstock, a runner, and a draft tube was carried out to determine the cause of the full load draft tube surge. It is assumed that the cavity volume at the runner exit is a function of the pressure at the vortex core evaluated from the instantaneous local pressure at the runner exit and an additional pressure decrease due to the centrifugal force on the swirling flow. It was found that the diffuser effect of the draft tube has a destabilizing effect over all flow rates, while the swirl effects stabilize∕destabilize the system at larger∕smaller flow rates than the swirl-free flow rate. Explanations of the destabilizing mechanism are given for the diffuser and swirl flow effects.
Discontinuously Operated Metal Oxide Gas Sensors for Flexible Tag Microlab Applications (2008)

Micromachined silicon substrates have significantly reduced the heating power consumption of metal oxide (MOX) gas sensors. Specific applications, however, require further reductions far beyond the present state-of-the-art. In this paper, we report on discontinuously operated MOX gas sensors on micromachined heater platforms and show that such sensors allow power consumption levels to be reached which are consistent with Flexible Tag Microlab (FTM) operation. Such FTMs allow gas concentrations to be measured and recorded to reveal the transport history of goods along the logistics chain for later interrogation by a wireless reader.
A balanced iterative random forest for gene selection from microarray data (2013)

The designed BIRF algorithm is an appropriate choice to select genes from imbalanced high-throughput gene expression microarray data. BIRF outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, especially the ability to handle the class-imbalanced data. Moreover, the analysis of the selected genes also provides a way to distinguish between the predictive genes and those that only appear to be predictive.
Estrogen and brain: synthesis, function and diseases (2005)

This review summaries recent evidence from clinical and basic science studies on estrogen central nervous system. For decades, estrogen was thought of only as a "sex hormone" and plays a fundamental role in regulating behavioral and physiological events. In recent years, accumulated evidence shows that estrogen also plays very important roles in the brain. Recent basic science studies show that estrogen treatment decreases the neuronal response to various forms of insult through the regulation of both estrogen synthesis and estrogen receptor expression in the brain. Some clinical evidence also suggests that estrogen deprivation might be implicated as a risk factor in various neurodegenerative diseases. Estrogen may play a neuroprotective role through estrogen dependent alterations in cell survival, enhancement of synaptic transmission and neurogenesis. Some of the mechanisms underlying these effects are independent of the classical nuclear estrogen receptors and involve direct modulation of neurotransmitter receptor function, or anti-oxidant activities of estrogen. It is controversial whether estrogen is indicated in the prevention or treatment of various brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The conflicting findings suggest that several variables, including age, estrogen dose and formulation, the length of treatment, may determine whether the potential benefits of estrogen treatment would outweigh the associated risks.
Electrochemically Controlled Deconjugation and Delivery of Single Quantum Dots into the Nucleus of Living Cells (2010)

A membrane-penetrating nanoneedle (also serving as a nanoelectrode) is developed for carrying and rapidly releasing individual quantum dots into the nucleus of a living cell via an electrochemical reaction activated by an electrical pulse. Direct delivery of biological probes into the nucleus with high spatial and temporal precision offers new strategies for the study of biological activity in a living cell.
Replacement of the left ventricle with a single-chambered artificial pump. (1987)

Early clinical experience with total artificial hearts has stimulated further research and interest in this field. The concept of total heart replacement with a permanent mechanical device has been reevaluated, and its application as a bridge to heart transplantation is becoming more widely accepted. The size of total artificial hearts, however, limits the number of cases in which they can be used. In an effort to solve this problem, we evaluated a single-ventricle artificial pump in six Hereford calves. During surgery, the left ventricle was excised and replaced with a pneumatically actuated polyurethane pump connected to the mitral and aortic valve anulus. The right ventricle provided flow through the pulmonary vasculature, which eliminated the necessity of maintaining elevated right-sided filling pressures. The single-ventricle pump required less space than a biventricular device and was capable of maintaining adequate hemodynamic parameters in experimental animals. In comparison with the biventricular pump, this device offered the advantages of less extensive dissection requirements, ease of anastomosis, and a better anatomic fit. Patients whose pericardial cavities are too small for a biventricular artificial heart may benefit from the single-ventricle pump if they require hemodynamic support while awaiting heart transplantation.
Experimental study on the treatment of acid scarlet wastewater with modified bentonite. (2009)

Dyes are widely used in industries and their removal from industrial wastewater poses an important issue.A new type of treating agent, chitosan modified bentonite, was prepared.Bentonite had been proven to be a promising material for the removal of contaminants from wastewater, which belongs to the 2:1 clay family.Not only bentonite is abundant in nature, but also it is really an efficient and economic adsorbent for adsorption of pollutants including dyes, oil and heavy-metals.Conventional methods for the removal of dyes from wastewater include adsorption to solid substrates, chemical coagulation, oxidation, filtration and biological treatment.Adsorption is one of the easiest and most effective techniques to remove dilute pollutants among conventional methods.In this paper, the enffluent factors of absorption of acid scarlet in dyeing wastewater on modified bentonite are investigated, including pH value, ratio of modified bentonite mass to wastewater, mixing time and centrifugating time to obtain optimal treatment conditions.The removal rate of chromacity is found to be 97% under the conditions of 30 g/L ratio of modified bentonite mass to wastewater, pH value of 4, 6 min of mixing time and 17 min of centrifugating time.In addition, for better explanation of these results, the natural bentonite and chitosan modified bentonite were critically examined in specific surface area, and with SEM and IR analyses.Results show that structure of bentonite is not changed by adding chitosan, except an increased specific surface area and improved adsorptive capability.It is concluded that chitosan modified bentonite has a promising application in removing acid scarlet from wastewater using adsorption methods.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Oxygen in a Novel Catalytic System with Cobalt Phthalocyanines and Manganese Oxide (2004)

This article concerns the efficient dioxygen reduction by a novel catalytic system that is comprised of two catalysts: one for the electroreduction of through the two-electron process and the other for the subsequent chemical decomposition of hydrogen peroxide generated. Here we represent the combined catalytic system of cobalt phthalocyanines and manganese oxide (MnOOH). Each catalyst performs well independently, leading to the totally four-electron reduction of in alkaline media. This was confirmed from almost twofold increases of the cathodic current in cyclic voltammograms and the steady-state current in rotating ring disk electrode voltammograms, the collection efficiency and the number of electrons calculated from the Koutecky-Levich plot. As a consequence, it is concluded that this combined catalytic system works efficiently for the reduction. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
A model-parameter invariant approach to HVAC fault detection and diagnosis (2012)

This thesis develops and experimentally evaluates a model-based detector for detecting actuator failures in HVAC systems which dynamically estimates the model parameters while performing detection. Specifically, this thesis considers actuator failures which result in the actuator valve sticks in an unknown (but constant) position. A first order heat-equation model is assumed to model interactions between adjacent rooms, which is used to formulate a hypothesis testing problem assuming that the inter-room thermal parameters are constant. The detector is formulated to provide performance that asymptotically bounds both the probability of miss and the probability of false alarm. A simulation environment is developed that emulates the building thermal dynamics assuming parameters identified through experimental testing. Multiple testing scenarios are considered where the inter-room dynamics are physically altered between tests (by opening and closing windows and doors). Results indicate that the ability to accurately detect actuator failures is shown to be dependent on the inter-room thermal dynamics. Insights into other modelparameter-invariant based detectors are provided based on the results obtained from this thesis.
Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrophosphorylation of Alkynes <i>via</i> Oxidative Addition of HP(O)(OR)<sub>2</sub> (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPalladium-Catalyzed Hydrophosphorylation of Alkynes via Oxidative Addition of HP(O)(OR)2Li-Biao Han and Masato TanakaView Author Information National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 6, 1571–1572Publication Date (Web):February 14, 1996Publication History Received2 November 1995Published online14 February 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja953690thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja953690trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2980Altmetric-Citations224LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Insertion reactions,Platinum Get e-Alerts
Results of an oral rabies vaccination program for coyotes (1998)

Objective To determine effectiveness of large-scale distribution of an oral rabies vaccine contained in a palatable bait for halting expansion of a canine rabies epizootic in coyotes ( Canis latrans ). Design Prospective study. Animals 98 coyotes during prevaccination surveillance and 449 coyotes and 60 other wild animals during postvaccination surveillance. Procedure A vaccinia recombinant oral rabies vaccine was inserted into an edible bait for coyotes that also contained tetracycline as a biomarker. Vaccine units were then distributed via aircraft, using automated distribution equipment and flight plans developed by incorporating global positioning system equipment. The target area was along the northern edge of an area that had an epizootic of canine rabies. This area was identified through previously conducted epidemiologic surveillance of rabies cases. During postvaccination surveillance, dental specimens were examined for biomarker evidence of bait acceptance, and serum samples were analyzed for rabies neutralizing antibodies. Results Samples from 449 coyotes were obtained during postvaccination surveillance. Seroconversion was detected in 39 of 96 (40.6%) coyotes that had evidence of tetracycline biomarker. Additionally, the number of rabies cases in the target area decreased, and expansion of the epizootic area ceased. Clinical Implications Mass distribution of an oral rabies vaccine in a palatable bait is an effective means to halt expansion of a rabies epizootic involving coyotes. ( J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 212:498-502)
Activation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 5 in primary afferent neurons contributes to heat and cold hyperalgesia after inflammation (2007)

Heat and cold hyperalgesia is a common feature of inflammatory pain. To investigate whether activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5), also known as big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, in primary sensory neurons participates in inflammatory pain, we examined the phosphorylation of ERK5 in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) after peripheral inflammation. Inflammation induced by complete Freund's adjuvant produced heat and cold hyperalgesia on the ipsilateral hind paw and induced an increase in the phosphorylation of ERK5, mainly in tyrosine kinase A-expressing small- and medium-size neurons. In contrast, there was no change in ERK5 phosphorylation in the spinal dorsal horn. ERK5 antisense, but not mismatch, oligodeoxynucleotide decreased the activation of ERK5 and suppressed inflammation-induced heat and cold hyperalgesia. Furthermore, the inhibition of ERK5 blocked the induction of transient receptor potential channel TRPV1 and TRPA1 expression in DRG neurons after peripheral inflammation. Our results show that ERK5 activated in DRG neurons contribute to the development of inflammatory pain. Thus, blocking ERK5 signaling in sensory neurons that has the potential for preventing pain after inflammation.
Trichoblasts in Hydrocharis. II. Nucleic Acids, Proteins and a Consideration of Cell Growth in Relation to Endopolyploidy (1970)

As shown previously, the trichoblasts of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. are the smaller, more proximal (i.e., basal) products of unequal divisions of protodermal cells in the root tip. During development their nuclei and nucleoli attain greater volume than those of individual adjacent ordinary epidermal cells, the products of the sister cell of the original unequal division. Histochemical tests, microspectrophotometric measurements and historadioautographs show that the trichoblasts also contain more nucleohistone, total protein, nucleolar and cytoplasmic RNA, and more nuclear DNA than neighboring cells at the same distance from the root apex. The trichoblasts fail to divide, and their nuclei become increasingly polyploid with distance from the root tip until they have approximately 8 times as much DNA as the nuclei of adjacent epidermal cells, or about 18 times as much as the cells from which both types of cells originated. It is suggested that all plant cells pass through two phases of enlargement, an initial phase characterized by synthesis of DNA and cytoplasmic constituents and a later phase characterized by extensive vacuolation and intake of water. Because of the delayed maturation, the inhibition of cytokinesis, and the polyploid nature of the trichoblasts of Hydrocharis, these phases are more readily separable than in many other cells. Polyploidy is probably not a necessary prerequisite for formation of a root hair, though it affects the degree of cell growth, but a delay in maturation is probably one essential factor in the differentiation of such cells.
Optical waveguides in oxygen-implanted buried-oxide silicon-on-Insulator structures (1987)

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology is currently under development by the microelectronics industry. We find these SOI structures promising for uses in the area of integrated optics. These structures comprise a single-crystal silicon layer separated from a conventional silicon substrate by a thin layer of silicon dioxide. The oxide layer is formed by oxygen ion implantation, and the implantation parameters are controllable for a desired device geometry. We analyzed these structures for their optical waveguiding properties and find that the top crystalline silicon layer can support TE modes with acceptably low losses. The mode attenuation is <1 dB/cm for a wavelength of λ = 1.3 Aim even for a silicon-diode layer thickness of only a few tenths of 1 μ m, which is a fraction of the oxide thickness required in other silicon-based waveguide structures. We present results for the modes supported in these structures in terms of effective mode index, attenuation, and field profiles as a function of device parameters. We also find that the TM modes in these devices with their high losses make them ideal as integrated optics polarizers.
Relationships of Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Contamination with Agronomic Performance of Maize (2007)

Resistance to Fusarium ear rot [caused by Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (synonym F. moniliforme Sheldon) (teleomorph: Gibberella moniliformis ) and F. proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg (teleomorph: G. intermedia )] and fumonisin contamination is heritable and controlled by at least 11 gene regions in a maize ( Zea mays L.) population created by backcrossing the highly resistant donor line, GE440, to the susceptible but commercially successful recurrent parent line, FR1064. The relationship between resistances to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination and agronomic performance has not been reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between disease resistance and agronomic utility in this population by measuring resistances to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination in BC 1 F 1:2 lines, and yield and agronomic performance in topcrosses of these lines. Fumonisin contamination was not correlated with yield, but two fumonisin quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapped to similar positions as yield QTL. Fusarium ear rot had a small positive correlation with topcross yield ( r = 0.29), but QTL for the two traits mapped to distinct genomic positions. Similar results for other traits indicate that QTL can contribute in opposite directions to the overall genetic correlations between traits and that some trait correlations arise in the absence of detectable QTL effects on both traits. In general, no strong relationships were observed between disease resistance traits and agronomic traits, thus selection for increased resistance should not unduly affect agronomic performance.
Individual Hotel Enterprises and the Influence of the Strategic Choice Model (2003)

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine what effect if any, did factors such as location, environment, and the operating arrangements, have upon the choice of a hotel's competitive strategy? The results found that these factors appeared to have little or no significant effect on the competitive strategy pursued by individual hotel enterprises. The findings indicated that hotel managers don't use a strategic-choice model when pursuing a particular competitive strategy; moreover, a hotel's location and operating arrangements appear to play no significant part in strategy development at the individual hotel level.