gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Dequalinium Analogs as K+ Channel Blockers. Investigations on the Role of the Charged Heterocycle (1995)

Small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ (SKCa) channels occur in many cells but have been relatively little studied. Dequalinium, a bis-quinolinium compound, has recently been shown to be the most potent nonpeptidic blocker of this K+ channel subtype. This paper examines the importance of the quinolinium rings for blocking activity. Analogues of dequalinium were synthesised in which one quinolinium group was removed (1 and 2) or replaced by a triethylammonium group (3). They have been assayed in vitro for their ability to block the after-hyperpolarization (mediated by the opening of SKCa channels) that follows the action potential in rat sympathetic neurones. The compound having one quinolinium and one triethylammonium group (3) showed reduced activity, and it is suggested that the stronger binding to the channel of the quinolinium relative to the triethylammonium group may be related to differences in their electrostatic potential energy maps. Two monoquaternary compounds (1 and 2) were tested, but they exhibited a different pharmacological profile that did not allow definite conclusions to be drawn concerning their potency as blockers of the SKCa channel. Replacement of both quinolinium groups by pyridinium, acridinium, isoquinolinium, or benzimidazolium reduced but did not abolish activity. These results show that compounds having a number of different heterocyclic cations are capable of blocking the SKCa channel. However, among the heterocycles studied, quinoline is optimal. Furthermore, charge delocalization seems to be important: the higher the degree of delocalization the more potent the compound.
Computational Prediction and Design for Creating Iteratively Larger Heterospecific Coiled Coil Sets (2017)

A major biochemical goal is the ability to mimic nature in engineering highly specific protein-protein interactions (PPIs). We previously devised a computational interactome screen to identify eight peptides that form four heterospecific dimers despite 32 potential off-targets. To expand the speed and utility of our approach and the PPI toolkit, we have developed new software to derive much larger heterospecific sets (≥24 peptides) while directing against antiparallel off-targets. It works by predicting T<sub>m</sub> values for every dimer on the basis of core, electrostatic, and helical propensity components. These guide interaction specificity, allowing heterospecific coiled coil (CC) sets to be incrementally assembled. Prediction accuracy is experimentally validated using circular dichroism and size exclusion chromatography. Thermal denaturation data from a 22-CC training set were used to improve software prediction accuracy and verified using a 136-CC test set consisting of eight predicted heterospecific dimers and 128 off-targets. The resulting software, qCIPA, individually now weighs core a-a' (II/NN/NI) and electrostatic g-e'<sup>+1</sup> (EE/EK/KK) components. The expanded data set has resulted in emerging sequence context rules for otherwise energetically equivalent CCs; for example, introducing intrahelical electrostatic charge blocks generated increased stability for designed CCs while concomitantly decreasing the stability of off-target CCs. Coupled with increased prediction accuracy and speed, the approach can be applied to a wide range of downstream chemical and synthetic biology applications, in addition more generally to impose specificity on structurally unrelated PPIs.
Hepatocyte homeostasis for chromosome ploidization and liver function is regulated by Ssu72 protein phosphatase (2015)

Ssu72 plays a substantial role in the maintenance of hepatic chromosome homeostasis and would allow monitoring of liver function.
Extraction and visualization of traceability relationships between documents and source code (2010)

Traceability links between artifacts in a software system aid developers in comprehension, development, and effective management of the system. Traceability systems to date have been confronting the difficulties in retrieving relationships between artifacts with high quality and accuracy, and in visualizing extracted relationships in a natural and intuitive way. This research aims to combine several traceability recovery techniques to make up for each other's weaknesses to extract relationships between artifacts at a high-level accuracy and quality. Moreover, the recovered relationships are visualized in a hierarchical rich graphical tree that can be expanded and contracted to help users easily interact with these links and move easily between artifacts and their related artifacts and vice versa. Our preliminary evaluation demonstrated that integration of several traceability recovery techniques can improve the quality and accuracy of retrieved links.
Cem anos de República: notas sobre as transformações estruturais no campo (1989)

A ênfase que se dará às presentes notas recaí sobre as formas de obtenção e distribuição do excedente agrário.Portanto, na dimensão tecnoeconômica da vida social.As demais dimensões, como a cultural, a política e a social, serão mencionadas, mas sem um rigor analítico mínimo como o que se pretende dar à econômica.A parte histórica não passa de um simples esboço, uma visita ousada à morfologia das relações entre indústria e agricultura.Já as notas sobre as últimas décadas, pretende-se que sejam mais escoradas em um esquema de análise.O termo estrutural do título tem a conotação de expressar o contexto no qual são examinados os processos econômicos, donde a datação sugerida no item seguinte, e de indicar a existência de limites às opções desejadas pelos vários quereres sociais associados a uma determinada base econômica.O termo campo será entendido sobretudo como um conjunto de atividades econômicas que incluem a terra como meio de produção; a forma que adquirem tais atividades estão, sem dúvida, relacionadas a uma determinada estrutura de obtenção e distribuição do excedente agrário.As tensões conceituais, ou ambigüidades que acompanham a exposição são constitutivas do texto.Digamos, ainda que sucintamente, que a grande transformação ocorrida no campo brasileiro nestes 100 anos de República consistiu na mudança de predomínio do conjunto de atividades, e de relações sociais a elas associadas, organizadas sob a forma de latifúndio-minifúndio para o predomínio de um outro conjunto, designado de complexo agroindústrial.Esta tese básica pode dar a idéia de que se queira reeditar as dicotomias taxonômicas campo/cidade, atrasado/moderno, etc., quando na verdade não é isso que se deseja expressar.A tese pode ser exposta de outra maneira.Nestes 100 anos de Repúbica, o campo perdeu seu significado em conexão com a sociedade rural para converter-se em simples referência de um espaço geoeconômico de atividades de uma sociedade urbano-metropolitana. É claro que a transformação do campo de termo que denotava uma sociedade rural para um que expressa um simples setor de atividade que usa a terra como meio de produção, mostra-se mais claramente na dimensão tecnoeconômica da vida social do que na cultural e na política; mais claramente ao se tomar o País como um todo do que as regiões mais modernizadas do ângulo da geração do excedente.No âmbito conceituai, vive-se uma variedade
Amines in Fish Muscle: II. Development of Trimethylamine and Other Amines (1945)

Relatively large amounts of nonvolatile higher amines are formed during proteolysis of fish muscle by bacteria. This follows closely the formation of trimethylamine. Fresh fish contain 0.2 mg. nitrogen per 100 g, muscle as trimethylamine and about 0.1 mg. nitrogen per 100 g. as dimethylamine. Trichloracetic acid and formaldehyde solutions completely extracted trimethylamine from fish and satisfactory recovery of added trimethylamine was obtained.
SN1 and SN2 reactions: Paper marionette for demonstration (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSN1 and SN2 reactions: Paper marionette for demonstrationYachiyo Sone and Kozo Sone Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 9, 615Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1973Published inissue 1 September 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ed050p615Request reuse permissionsArticle Views778Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (610 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
GROWTH-INDUCED MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY IN YTTRIUM IRON GARNET (1972)

A growth‐induced noncubic magnetic anisotropy, similar to that reported for garnets containing a mixture of rare earth ions, has been observed in YIG. It is illustrated by a comparison of X‐ray topographs of the crystal strain with the magnetic domain structure detected optically by means of the local Faraday rotation. Annealing at 1190°C in a nitrogen atmosphere removes the noncubic magnetic anisotropy. The suggested mechanisms involving a pairing or site preference of two or more different magnetic ions are not applicable to these results.
A space marching inversion algorithm for pulsed borehole radar in the time-domain (1995)

An iterative algorithm is developed to reconstruct the image of formation conductivity surrounding a borehole using time-domain data. The forward modeling employed in the algorithm is derived from the transmission line matrix (TLM) method, which is used to simulate electromagnetic waves propagating in formations with two-dimensional variations in cylindrical coordinates. A new structure of a transmission line mode is used to simulate a coil-type transmitter antenna in a borehole. Since the inversion algorithm proceeds iteratively and the part of the formation involved in the inversion marches in space step by step, no optimization is necessary, and problems caused by optimization procedure such as inverting large-scale matrix and computation of Jacobian matrix numerically, are avoided. This method is especially useful in cases where the analytic gradient is not available. The inversion algorithm is tested in formations having both one- and two-dimensional conductivity variations with coil-type transmitters. Investigation depth and resolution for noise-free cases are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A pilot cross-over study to evaluate human oral bioavailability of BCM-95<sup>®</sup>CG (Biocurcumax<sup>TM</sup>), a novel bioenhanced preparation of curcumin (2008)

Curcumin, the bioactive component of turmeric, Curcuma longa has an exceptionally wide spectrum of activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, and is currently under different phases of clinical trials for various types of soft tissue cancers. However, although in vitro and animal studies have shown anticancer activities of curcumin for virtually all types of human cancers, its poor bioavailability in the human body has severely limited its application to these diseases. Methods to increase its oral bioavailability are a subject of intense current research. Reconstituting curcumin with the non-curcuminoid components of turmeric has been found to increase the bioavailability substantially. In the present clinical study to determine the bioavailability of curcuminoids, a patented formulation, BCM-95((R))CG was tested on human volunteer group. Normal curcumin was used in the control group. Curcumin content in blood was estimated at periodical intervals. After a washout period of two weeks the control group and drug group were crossed over BCM-95((R))CG and curcumin, respectively. It was also compared with a combination of curcumin-lecithin-piperine which was earlier shown to provide enhanced bioavailability. The results of the study indicate that the relative bioavailability of BCM-95((R))CG (Biocurcumax) was about 6.93-fold compared to normal curcumin and about 6.3-fold compared to curcumin-lecithin-piperine formula. BCM-95((R))CG thus, has potential for widespread application for various chronic diseases.
Molecular electrocatalysts can mediate fast, selective CO <sub>2</sub> reduction in a flow cell (2019)

Practical electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) conversion requires a catalyst capable of mediating the efficient formation of a single product with high selectivity at high current densities. Solid-state electrocatalysts achieve the CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) at current densities ≥ 150 milliamperes per square centimeter (mA/cm<sup>2</sup>), but maintaining high selectivities at high current densities and efficiencies remains a challenge. Molecular CO<sub>2</sub>RR catalysts can be designed to achieve high selectivities and low overpotentials but only at current densities irrelevant to commercial operation. We show here that cobalt phthalocyanine, a widely available molecular catalyst, can mediate CO<sub>2</sub> to CO formation in a zero-gap membrane flow reactor with selectivities > 95% at 150 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> The revelation that molecular catalysts can work efficiently under these operating conditions illuminates a distinct approach for optimizing CO<sub>2</sub>RR catalysts and electrolyzers.
Coordinate planning using genetic algorithm-structure configuration of cellular robotic system (2003)

The authors deal with coordinate planning for the structural configuration of the cellular robotic system (CEBOT), which consists of a large number of autonomous robotic units called cells. The structure is based on biological organization, using autonomous intelligent cells that are simple in function. Because of the cellular structure, the robotic system can reconfigure itself according to the given tasks, the environment, and its own condition. A distribution decision-making method is given for path planning to attain a desirable structural configuration system, using a genetic algorithm. The concept is that of a distributed intelligence, because calculation ability resides in each unit of the system. In the distributed genetic algorithm proposed, the survivor selected for the next generation is based on communication between cells. Simulation results for path planning are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fast wavelength-switching of laser transmitters and amplifiers (1990)

The authors discuss system aspects and describe experimental demonstrations of nanosecond wavelength tuning in laser diode structures. Both tunable transmitters and tunable filters are considered. The dependence of the refractive index on the carrier density in semiconductors is exploited to obtain fast wavelength tuning. Experimentally, switching times of <15 ns have been demonstrated in a three-section distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser transmitter with a maximum continuous tuning range of 2.2 nm. These conditions correspond to a system with 50 wavelength-addressable channels. A new scheme for simultaneous wavelength-switching and data modulation, which alleviates wavelength drifts due to thermal effects, is presented. Distributed feedback (DFB) laser structures biased below the lasing threshold operate as resonant tunable amplifiers. A uniform DFB laser amplifier has been demonstrated with a 1 ns wavelength-switching time. Experiments with tunable transmitters and tunable filters that simulate their operation in packet switching systems including both wavelength-switching and data modulation, are also described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Treatment of periodontal disease in beagles with lodoxamide ethyl, an inhibitor of mast cell release (1985)

The effect of lodoxamide ethyl, a mast cell release inhibitor on the progression of chronic periodontal disease in beagles was examined. Twelve adult female beagles with naturally occurring periodontitis were studied. Following a six‐month pretreatment baseline period, six dogs were given 20 mg/kg lodoxamide ethyl orally for a twelve‐month treatment period. In addition, at the beginning of the treatment period one‐half’ mouth in each dog was treated with periodontal flap surgery. Thus, the experimental design allowed a comparison of the progression of periodontitis about premolar teeth in a pretreatment period with progression of periodontitis in a treatment period in which one of the following treatment protocols was used: no treatment, teeth treated with periodontal flap surgery, teeth treated with lodoxamide ethyl administration, and teeth treated with lodoxamide ethyl administration plus periodontal flap surgery. In the systemically untreated dogs the rate of alveolar bone loss increased in the treatment period, compared to the baseline pretreatment period about both teeth not treated locally and teeth treated with flap surgery. In contrast, the rate of alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the treatment period in those dogs administered lodoxamide ethyl daily. Lodoxamide ethyl administration combined with flap surgery was more effective than lodoxamide ethyl alone. Tooth mobility significantly increased in those dogs administered lodoxamide. The data indicate that administration of an orally active mast cell release inhibitor can decrease the rate of alveolar bone loss which occurs in beagle periodontitis. However, the clinical usefulness of this pharmacologic agent is not clear due to the increased tooth mobility which occurred in this study. Since the principle effect of lodoxamide ethyl is believed to be on mast cell degranulation, a role for mast cells in beagle alveolar bone loss is implied.
Circulating angiopoietins and cardiovascular mortality in cardiogenic shock (2013)

Circulating Angs are closely related to outcome and severity in CS. Angiopoietin-2 emerged as an independent predictor of 28-day and 1-year mortality in CS. Larger studies are required to define the cut-off and predictive values for Ang-2. Angiopoietins may be prognostic biomarkers for survival in CS and might represent a novel therapeutic target.
Synchronous Path Analysis in MOS Circuit Simulator (1982)

For verifying the timing performance of synchronous MOS circuits a path analysis facility has been developed in the MOTIS (MOS Timing Simulator) system. This path analysis traces the clock signals to the latches in the circuit, computes the clock skews and then performs a path search analysis between all latches. For the paths between clocked latches, the timing constraints are determined using the clock skews and the operating frequency. The paths that do not satisfy these constraints are identified as problem paths. Such an analysis does not require a prior generation of circuit stimuli that are necessary for simulation. In terms of complexity also, it is simpler than simulation.
Local cerebral blood flow (1974)

An experimental method is described for determining local cerebral blood flow within an area supplied by a major cerebral artery. With the use of anatomic-radiologic correlates, the territories of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries were defined in the rhesus monkey. Highly focused collimation was obtained so that isoresponse patterns allowed detection of activity from each territory separately. Compton scatter contributed only 10 percent to the total activity seen. Local cerebral blood flow values were significantly higher in the anterior than in the middle cerebral distribution. The technique may enable correlation of local cerebral blood flow values with angiographically demonstrable pathology in the larger cerebral arteries distal to the circle of Willis.
Cellular Cl- transport in cultured cystic fibrosis airway epithelium (1989)

Cultured human nasal epithelia derived from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients were studied with double-barreled, Cl- -selective microelectrodes to measure membrane potentials and intracellular Cl- activity (aClc). The aClc of CF cultures was 46.5 +/- 2.5 mM (n = 28), a value not significantly different from aClc of normal human nasal cells. Reduction of the luminal [Cl-] from 120 to 3 mM failed to reveal any apical Cl- permeability (conductive or nonconductive) in CF cultures. Bumetanide (10(-4) M, serosal) led to a 10 mM decrease in aClc without affecting the electrical parameters of the cells. Reduction of serosal [Cl-] led to a marked decrease in aClc (from 58.0 +/- 6.7 to 26.8 +/- 2.9 mM) that could partly be blocked by bumetanide. Reduction of serosal [Cl-] led to a rapid depolarization (5.4 +/- 0.7 mV) of the basolateral membrane potential (Vb), a decrease of the fractional apical membrane resistance (0.03 +/- 0.01), and an increase (34 +/- omega.cm2) in the transepithelial resistance (Rt). We conclude that 1) the apical membrane of CF airway epithelia is impermeable to Cl-, and 2) Cl- transport across the basolateral membrane occurs mainly through a bumetanide-inhibitable cotransport system but also through a Cl- conductance, neither of which appears to be affected by CF.
Odour‐free polysulphides for epoxy modification (1989)

For many years liquid polysulphide (LP) have been used in conjunction with epoxy resins in the manufacture of insulated glazing sealants, adhesives and coatings.
Characterization of Cardiac Troponin I Raman Signature in Bovine Serum Albumin and Human Blood Serum for the Potential Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (2016)

Cardiac troponin I is one of the most specific and widely used biomarkers of myocardial infarction. Prompt recognition of elevated troponin concentrations in the blood is essential to the diagnosis and management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Raman spectroscopy allows for detection of the unique cTnI Raman signature based on quantitative measurement of wavelength and intensity of in elastically scattered light from molecules. For the first time in the literature, we have successfully characterized and verified the unique Raman signature of mouse cardiac troponin I protein in Bovine Serum Albumin and Human Blood Serum. Our findings potentiate technological advancement towards point-of-care testing measurement of cardiac biomarkers, which can be employed, potentially more rapid than conventional ELISA assays, in the outpatient setting and emergency departments for routine detection of cardiac troponin I elevation from patients suspected of suffering from acute coronary artery syndrome.