gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implications of macrophage polarization in autoimmunity (2018)

Macrophages are extremely heterogeneous and plastic cells with an important role not only in physiological conditions, but also during inflammation (both for initiation and resolution). In the early 1990s, two different phenotypes of macrophages were described: one of them called classically activated (or inflammatory) macrophages (M1) and the other alternatively activated (or wound-healing) macrophages (M2). Currently, it is known that functional polarization of macrophages into only two groups is an over-simplified description of macrophage heterogeneity and plasticity; indeed, it is necessary to consider a continuum of functional states. Overall, the current available data indicate that macrophage polarization is a multifactorial process in which a huge number of factors can be involved producing different activation scenarios. Once a macrophage adopts a phenotype, it still retains the ability to continue changing in response to new environmental influences. The reversibility of polarization has a critical therapeutic value, especially in diseases in which an M1/M2 imbalance plays a pathogenic role. In this review, we assess the high plasticity of macrophages and their potential to be exploited to reduce chronic/detrimental inflammation. On the whole, the evidence detailed in this review underscores macrophage polarization as a target of interest for immunotherapy.
Storage Phosphor System For Computed Radiography: Screen Optics (1986)

A model for light scattering and absorption effects is applied to a system for computed radiography in which a turbid photostimulable phosphor is scanned with a laser. The spatial spreading of the laser light and the escape probability of the stimulated light are important in determining system response, and models for their effects are presented. Model calculations of system MTF are compared with measured data.
Sensor-Assisted Video Encoding for Mobile Devices in Real-World Environments (2011)

In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on sensor-assisted video encoding (SaVE) schemes for video capturing on mobile devices in real-world environments. Our purpose is to reduce the computational complexity of video encoding by leveraging sensors that are increasingly available on mobile devices, e.g., accelerometers and digital compasses. Motion estimation is a key component of video encoding. In this paper, SaVE calculates the rotational movement of a camera (on mobile devices) and then infers the global motion in the camera imager. SaVE subsequently employs the estimated global motion as predictors to simplify motion estimation algorithms for state-of-the-art H.264/AVC video coding. We have constructed a prototype of SaVE and evaluated its performance with a pair of accelerometers, a digital compass, and their combination. Our experimental results show that SaVE can significantly reduce the computations of motion estimation while achieving equal or better video quality. Our results also show that SaVE has a strong noise-resistant capability. Therefore, it can be practically employed in real-world environments.
Retrospective respiratory self‐gating and removal of bulk motion in pulmonary <scp>UTE MRI</scp> of neonates and adults (2016)

Three-dimensional radial pulmonary UTE MRI allows for retrospective respiratory self-gating and removal of intermittent bulk motion in free-breathing, non-sedated neonates and adults. Magn Reson Med 77:1284-1295, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Visual usability design for mobile application based on user personality (2014)

Currently visual usability for mobile applications is a must, whilst more demand for personalized the design both aesthetic and personal preference dynamically. It was designed to ease people with high mobility. When designing user interface, designers focus on visual usability, user needs, and user preferences. Each user has different preferences about interface designs because of their personality. In this paper, we proposed a visual usability design for mobile application based on user personality. Our approach was based on psychological aspects that enabled to perform personal preference appointing to specific visual usability of preferred experiences. The objectives of this paper are to identify and formulate rules for interface design in mobile application based on user personality. Kansei engineering is a method to get user needs and user preferences based on his or her senses and cognition. Association rule mining and bond measure is a method for finding a relationship between user preferences and user personality.
Supporting efficient machine-to-machine communications in the future mobile internet (2012)

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication represents an important new class of applications for the future “Internet of Things (IoT)”. The IoT scenario requires scalable connectivity to billions of embedded devices such as sensors, RFID's and machines. Current sensor networking solutions involve the use of gateways for hierarchical access to sensor devices, but this approach leads to specialized M2M systems which are not visible to the vast majority of Internet devices and applications. The MobilityFirst future Internet architecture provides a new framework for efficiently supporting sensor net and M2M scenarios through the use of an identity naming system for all network attached objects using the concept of a “globally unique identifier (GUID)”. The use of GUID results in a “flat” network where sensors and other embedded devices are visible to all applications and devices on the Internet. In addition, GUID names make it possible to introduce context and content-aware services which are well suited for M2M scenarios where attributes such as location or type of content are more important than physical address for establishing network connectivity. This paper presents a discussion of how M2M service scenarios are supported in the MobilityFirst architecture, introducing the protocol layers and API's as they apply to sensors and embedded devices. A proof-of-concept prototype implementation is discussed and an application to a sensor scenario is described.
Solidariedade pelo avesso: pedagogia como efeito de poder (2002)

The concept of power effect signifies that the power phenomenon can reveal double effect, since we understand it dialectically, that is, as a nonlinear complexity. Applied to social policy for instance, social policy as power effect designates that we can obtain exactly the contrary result, that is, instead of promoting poor people, to marginalize them more and more. Applied to solidarity, solidarity as power effect indicates that we can preach solidarity as a means to domesticate marginalized people. Instead of emancipating them, to obfuscate any possibility to rebel and to confront exclusion. The text compares two authors, one who sees solidarity as a nonlinear complex phenomenon (Popkewitz), and other who moralizes the challenge of solidarity from the viewpoint of the central world system, losing the critical capacity to observe power effects (Sequeiros).
LANDRYʼS PARALYSIS (1943)

Journal Article Landry's Paralysis: Its Clinical and Pathologic Features Get access George B. Hassin, M.D. George B. Hassin, M.D. Chicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 1943, Pages 293–300, https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-194307000-00006 Published: 01 July 1943
Recasting Residual-based Local Descriptors as Convolutional Neural Networks: an Application to Image Forgery Detection (2017)

Local descriptors based on the image noise residual have proven extremely effective for a number of forensic applications, like forgery detection and localization. Nonetheless, motivated by promising results in computer vision, the focus of the research community is now shifting on deep learning. In this paper we show that a class of residual-based descriptors can be actually regarded as a simple constrained convolutional neural network (CNN). Then, by relaxing the constraints, and fine-tuning the net on a relatively small training set, we obtain a significant performance improvement with respect to the conventional detector.
Small Cationic DDA:TDB Liposomes as Protein Vaccine Adjuvants Obviate the Need for TLR Agonists in Inducing Cellular and Humoral Responses (2012)

Most subunit vaccines require adjuvants in order to induce protective immune responses to the targeted pathogen. However, many of the potent immunogenic adjuvants display unacceptable local or systemic reactogenicity. Liposomes are spherical vesicles consisting of single (unilamellar) or multiple (multilamellar) phospholipid bi-layers. The lipid membranes are interleaved with an aqueous buffer, which can be utilised to deliver hydrophilic vaccine components, such as protein antigens or ligands for immune receptors. Liposomes, in particular cationic DDA:TDB vesicles, have been shown in animal models to induce strong humoral responses to the associated antigen without increased reactogenicity, and are currently being tested in Phase I human clinical trials. We explored several modifications of DDA:TDB liposomes--including size, antigen association and addition of TLR agonists--to assess their immunogenic capacity as vaccine adjuvants, using Ovalbumin (OVA) protein as a model protein vaccine. Following triple homologous immunisation, small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) with no TLR agonists showed a significantly higher capacity for inducing spleen CD8 IFNγ responses against OVA in comparison with the larger multilamellar vesicles (MLVs). Antigen-specific antibody reponses were also higher with SUVs. Addition of the TLR3 and TLR9 agonists significantly increased the adjuvanting capacity of MLVs and OVA-encapsulating dehydration-rehydration vesicles (DRVs), but not of SUVs. Our findings lend further support to the use of liposomes as protein vaccine adjuvants. Importantly, the ability of DDA:TDB SUVs to induce potent CD8 T cell responses without the need for adding immunostimulators would avoid the potential safety risks associated with the clinical use of TLR agonists in vaccines adjuvanted with liposomes.
Growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is accompanied by induction of apolipoprotein D expression. (1997)

We have analyzed the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the expression of the gene encoding apolipoprotein D (apoD), a protein component of the human plasma lipid transport system that is overproduced by a specific subset of breast carcinomas. Northern blot analysis revealed that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 strongly up-regulated apoD mRNA levels in T-47D human breast cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The potency of this vitamin as an inducer of apoD expression was stronger than the effect observed for such steroid hormones as androgens and progesterone, described previously as hormonal up-regulators of apoD expression in these cells. A time course study demonstrated that the induction of apoD mRNA reached a level of 5-fold over the untreated cells after 48 h of incubation in the presence of 10(-7) M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. A dose-response analysis showed that a 10(-6) M concentration of this vitamin consistently induced a maximal accumulation of 7-fold over the control cells. Similar up-regulatory effects on the apoD gene expression were obtained by treatment of T-47D cells with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogues, including MC 903, which is relatively devoid of hypercalcemic side effects in clinical applications. Western blot analysis revealed that the inductive effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was also reflected at the protein level as an increase of immunoreactive protein in the conditioned media of vitamin-treated cells. This increased expression of apoD was accompanied by an inhibition of cell growth and morphological changes in T-47D cells. By contrast, we did not detect any inductive effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on apoD gene expression in MDA-MB-231 cells, which are refractory to the growth-inhibitory effects of this compound. On the basis of these results, we propose 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as an important regulator of the expression of the apoD gene in breast carcinomas. We also suggest that apoD may be of interest as a biochemical marker of the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 derivatives in current studies using these compounds as inhibitors of breast cancer cell growth or as chemotherapeutic agents in the prevention of breast cancer.
Multiport Measurement Method Using a Two-Port Network Analyzer With Remaining Ports Unterminated (2007)

A practical multiport measurement method is presented for the precise characterization of an N-port device using a two-port vector network analyzer. Because the 2 unused ports need not be terminated with matched loads, a test fixture can be simplified. Any influence of the reflections from the unterminated ports can be deembedded by port renormalization. The proposed method was verified with a coupled microstrip line structure.
High-concentration dispersions of exfoliated MoS2 sheets stabilized by freeze-dried silk fibroin powder (2016)

Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) is an attractive method for the scaling-up of exfoliated MoS2 sheets compared to chemical vapor deposition and mechanical cleavage. However, the MoS2 nanosheet yield from LPE is too small for practical applications. We report a facile method for the scaling-up of exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets using freeze-dried silk fibroin powders. Compared to MoS2 dispersion in the absence of silk fibroin powder, sonicated MoS2 dispersions with silk fibroin powder (MoS2/Silk dispersion) show noticeably higher exfoliated MoS2 nanosheet yields, with suspended MoS2 concentrations in MoS2/Silk dispersions sonicated for 2 and 5 h of 1.03 and 1.39 mg·mL–1, respectively. The MoS2 concentration in the MoS2/Silk dispersion after centrifugation above 10,000 rpm is more than four times that without the silk fibroin. The size of the dispersed silk fibroin is controlled by the change of centrifugation rate, showing the removal of silk fibroin above tens of micrometers in size after centrifugation at 2,000 rpm. Size-controlled silk fibroin biomolecules combined with MoS2 nanosheets are expected to increase the practical use of such materials in fields related to tissue engineering, biosensors and electrochemical electrodes. Atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy provide the height of the MoS2 nanosheets spin-cast from MoS2 /Silk dispersions, showing thicknesses of 3–6 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction indicate that the outermost surface layer of the hydrophobic MoS2 crystals interact with oxygen-containing functional groups that exist in the hydrophobic part of silk fibroins. The amphiphilic properties of silk fibroin combined with the MoS2 nanosheets stabilize dispersions by enhancing solvent-material interactions. The large quantities of exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets suspended in the as-synthesized dispersions can be utilized for the fabrication of vapor and electrochemical devices requiring high MoS2 nanosheets contents.
Stalin's Forgotten Cure (2002)

TBILISI--
 Bacteriophage therapy, pioneered in Stalin-era Russia, is attracting renewed attention in the West as a potential weapon against drug-resistant bugs and hard-to-treat infections. Phages--viruses that infect bacteria--could soon find a role as a treatment for burns, diabetic ulcers, and other open wounds, although experts concur that these viral breeds are unlikely to knock antibiotics off their pedestal for most infections.
Brain protection using autologous bone marrow cell, metalloproteinase inhibitors, and metabolic treatment in cerebral ischemia (2007)

Despite advances in imaging, understanding the underlying pathways, and clinical translation of animal models of disease there remains an urgent need for therapies that reduce brain damage after stroke and promote functional recovery in patients. Blocking oxidant radicals, reducing matrix metalloproteinase-induced neuronal damage, and use of stem cell therapy have been proposed and tested individually in prior studies. Here we provide a comprehensive integrative management approach to reducing damage and promoting recovery by combining biological therapies targeting these areas. In a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia (middle cerebral artery occlusion) gene delivery vectors were used to overexpress tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) 3 days before ischemia. After occlusion, autologous bone marrow cells alone or in combination with agents to improve NO bioavailability were administered intraarterially. When infarct size, BrdU incorporation, and motor function recovery were determined in the treatment groups the largest beneficial effect was seen in rats receiving the triple combined therapy, surpassing effects of single or double therapies. Our study highlights the utility of combined drug, gene, and cell therapy in the treatment of stroke.
Primary structure of a constituent polypeptide chain (AIII) of the giant haemoglobin from the deep-sea tube worm <i>Lamellibrachia</i>. A possible H2S-binding site (1990)

The deep-sea tube worm Lamellibrachia, belonging to the Phylum Vestimentifera, contains two giant extracellular haemoglobins, a 3000 kDa haemoglobin and a 440 kDa haemoglobin. The former consists of four haem-containing chains (AI-AIV) and two linker chains (AV and AVI) for the assembly of the haem-containing chains [Suzuki, Takagi & Ohta (1988) Biochem. J. 255, 541-545]. The tube-worm haemoglobins are believed to have a function of transporting sulphide (H2S) to internal bacterial symbionts, as well as of facilitating O2 transport [Arp & Childress (1983) Science 219, 295-297]. We have determined the complete amino acid sequence of Lamellibrachia chain AIII by automated or manual Edman sequencing. The chain is composed of 144 amino acid residues, has three cysteine residues at positions 3, 74 and 133, and has a molecular mass of 16,620 Da, including a haem group. The sequence showed significant homology (30-50% identity) with those of haem-containing chains of annelid giant haemoglobins. Two of the three cysteine residues are located at the positions where an intrachain disulphide bridge is formed in all annelid chains, but the remaining one (Cys-74) was located at a unique position, compared with annelid chains. Since the chain AIII was shown to have a reactive thiol group in the intact 3000 kDa molecule by preliminary experiments, the cysteine residue at position 74 appears to be one of the most probable candidates for the sulphide-binding sites. A phylogenetic tree was constructed from nine chains of annelid giant haemoglobins and one chain of vestimentiferan tube-worm haemoglobin now determined. The tree clearly showed that Lamellibrachia chain AIII belongs to the family of strain A of annelid giant haemoglobins, and that the two classes of Annelida, polychaete and oligochaete, and the vestimentiferan tube worm diverged at almost the same time. H.p.l.c. patterns of peptides (Figs. 4-7), amino acid compositions of peptides (Table 2) and amino acid sequences of intact protein and peptides (Table 3) have been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50154 (13 pages) at the British Library Document Supply Centre, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1990) 265, 5.
SOLVENT EFFECTS IN THE BASE-CATALYZED ISOMERIZATION OF ALLYL TO PROPENYL ETHERS (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOLVENT EFFECTS IN THE BASE-CATALYZED ISOMERIZATION OF ALLYL TO PROPENYL ETHERSCharles C. Price and William H. SnyderCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 7, 1773Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01468a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01468a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views657Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ANISOMYCIN,<sup>1</sup> A NEW ANTI-PROTOZOAN ANTIBIOTIC (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTANISOMYCIN,1 A NEW ANTI-PROTOZOAN ANTIBIOTICBen A. Sobin and Fred W. Tanner Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 15, 4053Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01644a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01644a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Liquid phase production of graphene by exfoliation of graphite in surfactant/water solutions (2008)

We have demonstrated a method to disperse and exfoliate graphite to give graphene suspended in water-surfactant solutions. Optical characterisation of these suspensions allowed the partial optimisation of the dispersion process. Transmission electron microscopy showed the dispersed phase to consist of small graphitic flakes. More than 40% of these flakes had <5 layers with ~3% of flakes consisting of monolayers. These flakes are stabilised against reaggregation by Coulomb repulsion due to the adsorbed surfactant. However, the larger flakes tend to sediment out over ~6 weeks, leaving only small flakes dispersed. It is possible to form thin films by vacuum filtration of these dispersions. Raman and IR spectroscopic analysis of these films suggests the flakes to be largely free of defects and oxides. The deposited films are reasonably conductive and are semi-transparent. Further improvements may result in the development of cheap transparent conductors.