gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation and in situ acylation of enaminone anions: a convenient synthesis of 3-carbethoxy-4(1H)-pyridinones and -4-pyrones and related compounds (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneration and in situ acylation of enaminone anions: a convenient synthesis of 3-carbethoxy-4(1H)-pyridinones and -4-pyrones and related compoundsStuart W. McCombie, William A. Metz, Dennis Nazareno, Bandarpalle B. Shankar, and Jayaram TagatCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 16, 4963–4967Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00016a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00016a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1068Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Communication assisted protection selectivity for reconfigurable and islanded power networks (2009)

Distribution power system islanding will involve significant grid reconfiguration, especially if maximum flexibility of operation is to be achieved. Protection selectivity will be a challenge because of the associated changes in fault conditions, and is further complicated by distributed generator fault characteristics. This paper proposes a three-stage communication assisted protection selectivity strategy for reconfigurable distribution networks. Level-1 provides fault detection and protection based on local measurements; Level-2 employs inter-breaker communications; and Level-3 adapts relay settings by communicating with a supervisory controller. Protection selectivity is improved by the adoption of each successive level. Fundamental to this strategy is that it must be designed to operate over, and be tolerant to the inherent deficiencies of, cost-effective Internet Protocol communications.
Multifunctional Bioreactor System for Human Intestine Tissues (2017)

The three-dimensional (3D) cultivation of intestinal cells and tissues in dynamic bioreactor systems to represent <i>in vivo</i> intestinal microenvironments is essential for developing regenerative medicine treatments for intestinal diseases. We have previously developed <i>in vitro</i> human intestinal tissue systems using a 3D porous silk scaffold system with intestinal architectures and topographical features for the adhesion, growth, and differentiation of intestinal cells under static culture conditions. In this study, we designed and fabricated a multifunctional bioreactor system that incorporates pre-epithelialized 3D silk scaffolds in a dynamic culture environment for <i>in vitro</i> engineering of human intestine tissues. The bioreactor system allows for control of oxygen levels in perfusion fluids (aerobic simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), microaerobic SIF, and anaerobic SIF), while ensuring control over the mechanical and chemical microenvironments present in native human intestines. The bioreactor system also enables 3D cell culture with spatial separation and cultivation of cocultured epithelial and stromal cells. Preliminary functional analysis of tissues housed in the bioreactor demonstrated that the 3D tissue constructs survived and maintained typical phenotypes of intestinal epithelium, including epithelial tight junction formation, intestinal biomarker expression, microvilli formation, and mucus secretion. The unique combination of a dynamic bioreactor and 3D intestinal constructs offers utility for engineering human intestinal tissues for the study of intestinal diseases and discovery options for new treatments.
Speaker and noise factorisation on the AURORA4 task (2011)

For many realistic scenarios, there are multiple factors that affect the clean speech signal. In this work approaches to handling two such factors, speaker and background noise differences, simultaneously are described. A new adaptation scheme is proposed. Here the acoustic models are first adapted to the target speaker via an MLLR transform. This is followed by adaptation to the target noise environment via model-based vector Taylor series (VTS) compensation. These speaker and noise transforms are jointly estimated, using maximum likelihood. Experiments on the AURORA4 task demonstrate that this adaptation scheme provides improved performance over VTS-based noise adaptation. In addition, this framework enables the speech and noise to be factorised, allowing the speaker transform estimated in one noise condition to be successfully used in a different noise condition.
Comparison of cooling performance of overhead and underfloor supply with rear door heat exchanger in high density data center clusters (2008)

The power trend for server systems continues to grow thereby making thermal management of Data centers a very challenging task. Although various configurations exist, the raised floor plenum with Computer Room Air Conditioners (CRACs) providing cold air is a popular operating strategy. In prior work, numerous data center layouts employing raised floor plenum and the impact of design parameters such as plenum depth, ceiling height, cold isle location, tile openings and others on thermal performance of data center was presented. The air cooling of data center however, may not address the situation where more energy is expended in cooling infrastructure than the thermal load of data center. Revised power trend projections by ASHRAE TC 9.9 predict heat load as high as 5000W per square feet of compute servers' equipment footprint by year 2010. These trend charts also indicate that heat load per product footprint has doubled for storage servers during 2000-2004. For the same period, heat load per product footprint for compute servers has tripled. Amongst the systems that are currently available and being shipped, many racks exceed 20kW. Such high heat loads have raised concerns over limits of air cooling of data centers similar to air cooling of microprocessors. A hybrid cooling strategy that incorporates liquid cooling along with air cooling can be very efficient in such situations. The objective of this paper is to study and compare the performance of hybrid cooling solution in two widely used air supply configurations namely Overhead supply and Underfloor supply focusing on rack inlet temperature. The numerical models of a representative data center employing Overhead and Underfloor supply with hot aisle-cold aisle arrangement are constructed using a commercial CFD code. The effect of these configurations on rack inlet temperature is discussed.
High efficiency indium oxide/cadmium telluride solar cells (1987)

Solar cells have been fabricated by reactive deposition of thin-film n-In2O3 onto single-crystal p-CdTe. The cell has a total area solar power conversion efficiency of 13.4% which corresponds to an active area efficiency of 14.4% at air mass 1.5 without antireflection coatings. The cell consists of a buried homojunction structure with low dark saturation current density.
Fast and power-efficient infrared single-photon upconversion using hot-carrier luminescence (2007)

We analyze a new method for single-photon frequency upconversion. This technique uses a byproduct of the avalanche process - electroluminescence resulting from hot-carrier recombination - as a means of upconversion. Because the spectrum of the emitted photons peaks near the bandgap of the multiplying material and has a significant tail at higher energies, it is possible to generate secondary photons at significantly higher energies than the primary absorbed photon. The secondary photons can then be detected by a coupled CMOS silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD), where the information can also be processes. This upconversion scheme does not require any electrical connections between the detecting device and the silicon SPAD, so glass-to-glass bonding can be used, resulting in inexpensive, high-density arrays of detectors. We calculate the internal and system upconversion efficiencies, and show that the proposed scheme is feasible and highly efficient for application such as quantum key distribution and near infrared low-light-level imaging.
Towards Kilo-Hertz 6-DoF Visual Tracking Using an Egocentric Cluster of Rolling Shutter Cameras (2016)

To maintain a reliable registration of the virtual world with the real world, augmented reality (AR) applications require highly accurate, low-latency tracking of the device. In this paper, we propose a novel method for performing this fast 6-DOF head pose tracking using a cluster of rolling shutter cameras. The key idea is that a rolling shutter camera works by capturing the rows of an image in rapid succession, essentially acting as a high-frequency 1D image sensor. By integrating multiple rolling shutter cameras on the AR device, our tracker is able to perform 6-DOF markerless tracking in a static indoor environment with minimal latency. Compared to state-of-the-art tracking systems, this tracking approach performs at significantly higher frequency, and it works in generalized environments. To demonstrate the feasibility of our system, we present thorough evaluations on synthetically generated data with tracking frequencies reaching 56.7 kHz. We further validate the method's accuracy on real-world images collected from a prototype of our tracking system against ground truth data using standard commodity GoPro cameras capturing at 120 Hz frame rate.
Transcriptional Regulation of Vascular Development (2001)

Vascular development is a highly organized sequence of events that requires the correct spatial and temporal expression of specific sets of genes leading to the development of a primary vascular network. The first step in this process is the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into endothelial cells. This is followed by endothelial proliferation, migration, and eventual formation of endothelial tubes. Maturation of these primitive tubes into fully developed blood vessels requires the recruitment of surrounding pericytes and their differentiation into vascular smooth muscle cells. Many of the events that occur during vasculogenesis are recapitulated during angiogenesis. Transcription factors have been shown to serve as master switches for regulating a number of developmental processes. Using a candidate gene approach, the genomic regulatory regions required to direct vascular-specific gene expression of several receptor tyrosine kinases that are critical for vasculogenesis have been characterized and some of the transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of these genes have recently been identified. Many of these factors are also involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis and may have overlapping functions in determining hematopoietic and endothelial differentiation. Targeted disruption of other transcription factors that were not previously thought to be involved in vascular development have also been recently shown to play a role in blood vessel development. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the progress that has been made in our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of vascular development over the past few years.
The effect of tool on dipole logging (1997)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997The effect of tool on dipole loggingAuthors: Tim GeeritsXiaoming TangTim GeeritsWestern Atlas Logging Services, Houston, Texas and Xiaoming TangWestern Atlas Logging Services, Houston, Texashttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885893 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885893FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1997 Pages: 2067 publication data© 1997 Copyright © 1997 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Tim Geerits and Xiaoming Tang, (1997), "The effect of tool on dipole logging," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 313-316. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885893 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Privacy on the Line (2007)

A penetrating and insightful study of privacy and security in telecommunications for a post-9/11, post-Patriot Act world. Telecommunication has never been perfectly secure. The Cold War culture of recording devices in telephone receivers and bugged embassy offices has been succeeded by a post-9/11 world of NSA wiretaps and demands for data retention. Although the 1990s battle for individual and commercial freedom to use cryptography was won, growth in the use of cryptography has been slow. Meanwhile, regulations requiring that the computer and communication industries build spying into their systems for government convenience have increased rapidly. The application of the 1994 Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act has expanded beyond the intent of Congress to apply to voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and other modern data services; attempts are being made to require ISPs to retain their data for years in case the government wants it; and data mining techniques developed for commercial marketing applications are being applied to widespread surveillance of the population. In Privacy on the Line, Whitfield Diffie and Susan Landau strip away the hype surrounding the policy debate over privacy to examine the national security, law enforcement, commercial, and civil liberties issues. They discuss the social function of privacy, how it underlies a democratic society, and what happens when it is lost. This updated and expanded edition revises their original—and prescient—discussions of both policy and technology in light of recent controversies over NSA spying and other government threats to communications privacy.
Super-Sensing of Human and Environmental Odors (2010)

Abstract : The goal of our research program is to construct an electronic olfactory system (enose) that has the sensitivity, intelligence and discriminative capability of the mammalian olfactory system, as exemplified by a trained sniffer dog. We aim to create both the sensor array front end and the pattern analysis and learning back end. Our criteria for success include rapid and reliable detection of trace gas signals from both humans and ordinance. We have developed a novel sensor technology based on DNA-decorated single-walled semiconducting carbon nanotubes arrayed as the semiconductor elements in field effect transistors (Gelperin and Johnson, 2008; Johnson et al., 2009). A diagram of our sensor is shown in Figure 1. Our strategy is to broaden and deepen our understanding of the ability of this new sensor technology to respond to and discriminate between odorants while simultaneously developing the pattern recognition and machine learning techniques to process sensor array data. Our progress in these areas will be presented in three parts dealing with sensor development, odor sampling with a commercial sensor array, and algorithm development.
Constrained Quantization in the Transform Domain With Applications in Arbitrarily-Shaped Object Coding (2010)

In any block-based transform coding of image/video signals, it is well-known that the mean square error (MSE) distortion measured in the pixel domain is exactly equal to the MSE distortion resulted from quantization in the transform domain if the involved transform matrix is unitary. However, such a property no longer exists if the pixel-domain distortion is measured only on a selected part of pixels within one image block. This provides us an opportunity of dynamically shaping the quantization errors so as to make the selected pixels (much) better than the unselected ones. In this paper, we first develop a reversed iterative algorithm to guide us to perform a highly constrained quantization so that the coding quality of the selected pixels in each image block is significantly higher than what can be achieved by using the normal quantization. Then, we apply this intelligent quantization in one practical scenario-coding of arbitrarily-shaped image blocks in MPEG-4, showing remarkable improvements in comparison with the original MPEG-4.
Movement of the Guide Sequence During RNA Catalysis by a Group I Ribozyme (1993)

Ribozymes derived from the self-splicing pre-ribosomal RNA of Tetrahymena act as sequence-specific endonucleases. The reaction involves binding an RNA or DNA substrate by base pairing to the internal guide sequence (IGS) to form helix P1. Site-specific photo-crosslinking localized the 5' end of the IGS in helix P1 to the vicinity of conserved bases between helices P4 and P5, supporting a major feature of the Michel-Westhof three-dimensional structure model. The crosslinked ribozyme retained catalytic activity. When not base-paired, the IGS was still specifically crosslinked, but the major site was 37 A distant from the reactive site in the experimentally supported three-dimensional model. The data indicate that a substantial induced-fit conformational change accompanies P1 formation, and they provide a physical basis for understanding the transport of oligonucleotides to the catalytic core of the ribozyme. The ability of RNA to orchestrate large-scale conformational changes may help explain why the ribosome and the spliceosome are RNA-based machines.
Upregulation of CD200 is associated with regulatory T cell expansion and disease progression in multiple myeloma (2015)

Immune dysfunction is an important feature of multiple myeloma (MM) leading to infections, enhancement of tumour growth and resistance to chemotherapy. The overexpression of CD200, expansion of T regulatory (Treg) cell and increased levels of immune modulatory cytokines like IL10, IL6 and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) were suggested to have a role in this context. The aim of this study was to assess CD200 expression, Treg percentage by flow cytometry and immune modulatory cytokines (IL10, IL6, TGFβ) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in MM patients at diagnosis. This study included 50 MM patients at diagnosis and 20 healthy controls. The positive CD200 expression was detected in 72% of MM patients. Among the CD200 positive group, 4/13 patients (30.8%) were classified as stage I, 18/23 (78.3%) were in stage II and 14/14 (100%) were in stage III; according to International scoring system. Treg percentage was significantly higher in stage III, followed by stage II then stage I (p < 0.01). Serum IL6, IL10 and TGFβ were significantly higher in MM patients as compared with controls (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). The increased expression of CD200 and Treg percentages was associated with increased severity biomarkers (serum LDH and β2 microglobulin). The degree of CD200 expression was significantly positively correlated to Treg percentage (r = 0.565, p < 0.01). Analysis of the CD200 negative patients had a better progression free survival (p = 0.032) and overall survival (p = 0.04) as compared with those positive for CD200 expression. These findings illustrate a clear correlation between myeloma cell CD200 expression level and the frequency of immunosuppressive Treg cells. In conclusion, increased expression of CD200, expansion of suppressive Treg cells and elevation of cytokines might have a role in MM progression in this cohort of patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bouesia a Riudoms o amb pa i vi es fa camí (2011)

De l'autor: 'Bouesia' es un terme que fusiona els mots bou i poesia, i que identifica un grup d'escriptors catalans preocupats per la promocio literaria.
Rfg1, a Protein Related to the <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Hypoxic Regulator Rox1, Controls Filamentous Growth and Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> (2001)

Candida albicans, the major fungal pathogen in humans, can undergo a reversible transition from ellipsoidal single cells (blastospores) to filaments composed of elongated cells attached end to end. This transition is thought to allow for rapid colonization of host tissues, facilitating the spread of infection. Here, we report the identification of Rfg1, a transcriptional regulator that controls filamentous growth of C. albicans in an environment-dependent manner. Rfg1 is important for virulence of C. albicans in a mouse model and is shown to control a number of genes that have been implicated in this process. The closest relative to Rfg1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Rox1, a key repressor of hypoxic genes. However, Rfg1 does not appear to play a role in the regulation of hypoxic genes in C. albicans. These results demonstrate that a regulatory protein that controls the hypoxic response in S. cerevisiae controls filamentous growth and virulence in C. albicans. The observations described in this paper raise new and intriguing questions about the evolutionary relationship between these processes.
HIV Gag-Leucine Zipper Chimeras Form ABCE1-Containing Intermediates and RNase-Resistant Immature Capsids Similar to Those Formed by Wild-Type HIV-1 Gag (2011)

During HIV-1 assembly, Gag polypeptides multimerize to form an immature capsid and also package HIV-1 genomic RNA. Assembling Gag forms immature capsids by progressing through a stepwise pathway of assembly intermediates containing the cellular ATPase ABCE1, which facilitates capsid formation. The NC domain of Gag is required for ABCE1 binding, acting either directly or indirectly. NC is also critical for Gag multimerization and RNA binding. Previous studies of GagZip chimeric proteins in which NC was replaced with a heterologous leucine zipper that promotes protein dimerization but not RNA binding established that the RNA binding properties of NC are dispensable for capsid formation per se. Here we utilized GagZip proteins to address the question of whether the RNA binding properties of NC are required for ABCE1 binding and for the formation of ABCE1-containing capsid assembly intermediates. We found that assembly-competent HIV-1 GagZip proteins formed ABCE1-containing intermediates, while assembly-incompetent HIV-1 GagZip proteins harboring mutations in residues critical for leucine zipper dimerization did not. Thus, these data suggest that ABCE1 does not bind to NC directly or through an RNA bridge, and they support a model in which dimerization of Gag, mediated by NC or a zipper, results in exposure of an ABCE1-binding domain located elsewhere in Gag, outside NC. Additionally, we demonstrated that immature capsids formed by GagZip proteins are insensitive to RNase A, as expected. However, unexpectedly, immature HIV-1 capsids were almost as insensitive to RNase A as GagZip capsids, suggesting that RNA is not a structural element holding together immature wild-type HIV-1 capsids.