gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Daily Treatment with Thai Herb, Kaempferia parviflora, in Hershberger Assay Using Castrated Immature Rats (2007)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the testosterone-like effect of Kaempferia parviflora (KP). Castrated immature rats were randomized and divided into two groups (control and KP-treatment groups). The rats (n=7-8) were treated daily for 5 days by oral route with water in the control group and 1,000 mg/kg of KP in the treatment group. All rats were decapitated 24 h after their last dose and then blood samples were collected for assay of serum FSH, LH, testosterone, progesterone and corticosterone levels. The seminal vesicles plus coagulating glands, ventral prostate, levator ani muscle plus bulbocavernosus muscle, glans penis, kidneys and the adrenal glands were collected and weighed for organ wet weight. Body weight and weight of food intake were recorded throughout the study period. The results show that relative body weight gain in the KP-treatment group was significantly increased 24 and 48 h after the first dose (P<0.05) and then was indistinguishable from the control group. There were no significant differences in the relative reproductive and non-reproductive organ weights between the groups, although all organ weights, except for the glans penis, tended to increase in the KP-treatment group. The serum testosterone levels were significantly increased in the KP-treatment group. There were no significant differences in the serum FSH, LH, progesterone, or corticosterone levels between the groups, even though the serum progesterone level tended to increase and serum LH level tended to decrease in the KP-treatment group. The present study indicates that KP has no testosterone-like effect on reproduction in male rats.
Promotion effect of nanosized Pt, RuO<sub>2</sub>and NiO<sub>x</sub>loading on visible light-driven photocatalysts K<sub>4</sub>Ce<sub>2</sub>M<sub>10</sub>O<sub>30</sub>(M = Ta, Nb) for hydrogen evolution from water decomposition (2006)

Metal oxide photocatalysts K4Ce2M10O30 (M = Ta, Nb) capable of responding to visible light were synthesized by conventional high temperature solid-state reaction. The photocatalysts have an appropriate band gap energy ca. 1.8–2.3 eV and excellent chemical potential level to evolve H2 from aqueous solutions containing a sacrificial electron donor (Na2SO3) under visible light irradiation (λ>420 nm) without any co-catalyst. When they were loading with Pt, RuO2 and NiOx, the activities for evolving H2 were prompted markedly. By SEM and TEM investigations, it can be seen that these loading K4Ce2M10O30 (M = Ta, Nb) in diameter of about 10–30nm particles, especially the NiOx loading even formed double layered structure with metal nickel (Ni) and metal oxide (NiO). The reasons for the increasing activities after these loading electron migrating from the conduction band of K4Ce2M10O30 (M =Ta, Nb) to the Pt, RuO2 and NiOx nanoparticles, which function as H2 production sites on the surface of catalysts. The same phenomenon appears on the solid solution K4Ce2Ta10 –xNbxO30 (x = 0–10) with loading RuO2.
Induction of circulating IL-1 receptor antagonist by IFN treatment (1993)

This study was undertaken to determine whether IFN induce IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), a specific inhibitor of IL-1. Plasma samples were obtained from healthy volunteers (n = 5) and patients with chronic hepatitis C (n = 5) treated with IFN-alpha, and from patients with renal cell carcinoma (n = 6) treated with IFN-gamma and assayed for IL-1Ra by a specific radioimmunoassay. Both types of IFN were administered subcutaneously. In vitro studies were carried out with PBMC from healthy volunteers. A single, low and nontoxic dose (1 x 10(6) U) of IFN-alpha induced circulating IL-1Ra, which reached peak levels within 12 h. This effect was dose-dependent and more pronounced with a higher dose (5 x 10(6) U). Peak IL-1Ra levels 12 h after 5 x 10(6) U IFN-alpha were 4.16 +/- 0.35 ng/ml in healthy volunteers and 5.7 +/- 0.73 ng/ml in patients with chronic hepatitis C (difference not significant). Thereafter levels declined but remained elevated for 24 h. IFN-gamma treatment led only to a modest increase of circulating IL-1Ra even at a dose of 400 micrograms; this dose, however, was associated with side effects similar to those seen after injection of 5 x 10(6) U IFN-alpha. PBMC stimulated with IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma produced IL-1Ra in vitro. The induction of IL-1Ra may contribute to the antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects of IFN.
V‐band bandpass filter with continuously variable centre frequency (2013)

A second‐order bandpass filter (BPF) with continuously variable centre frequency tuning is presented in this article. Evanescent‐mode cavity resonators with variable capacitive loadings are used as tuning elements. Tuning is achieved by means of micro‐electromechanical‐systems (MEMS)‐actuated highly conductive rigid fingers that feature an out‐of‐plane deflection. For an applied DC bias voltage between 0 and 27.3 V the centre frequency of the BPF is tuned from 67.4 to 63.2 GHz (4.2 GHz). For this frequency band, the fractional bandwidth (FBW) varies between 8.3 and 3.4% and the in‐band insertion loss between 1.45 and 5 dB.
Matching analysis by voltage-standing waves (2002)

The matching problems are solved in the present analysis by voltage-standing waves on the transmission lines connecting linear lumped circuits. Transmission lines may be single, coupled, uniform, nonuniform, and a combination of these but not RC lines. Simulation shows that the voltage standing wave on a nonuniform line remains even if the total operating loss in 0 dB, when both terminations are the nominal impedances.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Culture of In Vitro-Produced Bovine Embryos with Vitamin E Improves Development In Vitro and After Transfer to Recipients1 (2000)

Detrimental effects of oxygen-derived free radicals on embryos during culture have been demonstrated in several species. Vitamin E occurs naturally in cell membranes and protects cells from oxidative stress. Under some conditions, vitamin C acts synergistically to enhance the antioxidant effects of vitamin E, a benefit that may be further enhanced by EDTA. The present experiments concerned culture of bovine embryos derived from in vitro-matured, fertilized oocytes with vitamin E, vitamin C, and EDTA in a chemically defined culture medium + 0.2% BSA at 5% O(2), 5% CO(2), and 90% N(2). In the first experiment, more zygotes developed to expanded blastocysts (17%, n = 224, P < 0.05) when culture medium contained 100 microM vitamin E than in control medium (11%, n = 234). Development to early, expanded, and hatched blastocysts was lower with vitamins E and C combined than with vitamin E alone (15%, 9%, and 2% vs. 24%, 17%, and 5%, respectively; P < 0.05), as was the mean number of cells per blastocyst (56 vs. 84, P < 0.05). Addition of EDTA (3 microM) failed to improve development over that in culture with vitamin E + vitamin C. In experiment 2, in vitro-produced embryos cultured 5.5 days in medium with or without 100 microM vitamin E were transferred nonsurgically to recipient cows and heifers and then collected nonsurgically 7 days later. Embryos cultured with vitamin E (n = 37) were approximately 63% larger in surface area than controls (1.16 mm(2) vs. 0.71 mm(2) surface area; n = 27, P < 0.04).
Outcome of palliative urinary diversion in the treatment of advanced malignancies (1999)

Most patients with advanced cancers had poor performance status and survival after diversion. Eighty six percent had cancer-related symptoms despite the diversion. The average survival was 5 months, 50% of which was spent in the hospital. Primary endourologic procedures had a high failure rate, and additional procedures were required.
Hysteresis of Electronic Transport in Graphene Transistors (2010)

Graphene field effect transistors commonly comprise graphene flakes lying on SiO(2) surfaces. The gate-voltage dependent conductance shows hysteresis depending on the gate sweeping rate/range. It is shown here that the transistors exhibit two different kinds of hysteresis in their electrical characteristics. Charge transfer causes a positive shift in the gate voltage of the minimum conductance, while capacitive gating can cause the negative shift of conductance with respect to gate voltage. The positive hysteretic phenomena decay with an increase of the number of layers in graphene flakes. Self-heating in a helium atmosphere significantly removes adsorbates and reduces positive hysteresis. We also observed negative hysteresis in graphene devices at low temperature. It is also found that an ice layer on/under graphene has a much stronger dipole moment than a water layer does. Mobile ions in the electrolyte gate and a polarity switch in the ferroelectric gate could also cause negative hysteresis in graphene transistors. These findings improved our understanding of the electrical response of graphene to its surroundings. The unique sensitivity to environment and related phenomena in graphene deserve further studies on nonvolatile memory, electrostatic detection, and chemically driven applications.
Facial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea (2015)

Patients' facial morphology influences OSA. Pattern II and brachyfacial patients had greater AHI, while Pattern III patients showed a lower index.
Long-term forest fire retardants: a review of quality, effectiveness, application and environmental considerations (2004)

Since the beginning of the 1930s research has been directed towards improving the effectiveness of water as a forest fire extinguishing agent. Throughout this time various chemical substances have been added to the water, and this is still the case today. Among these substances are the various types of long-term forest fire retardant, which maintain their ability to alter combustion when the water has been removed by evaporation. In order to provide an account of the current state of development of studies on long-term forest fire retardants, we carried out a bibliographic analysis with special attention to work done after 1976 on the different aspects that influence the final effectiveness of forest fire retardant: quality (programs and evaluation), effectiveness, application and environmental impact on streams and aquatic organisms, vegetation and humans. The scope of this work covers the wide subject of fire retardants and it introduces significant work related to all the aspects of fire retardant use.
The Solubility of Linear Equations (1969)

We can now use our knowledge of rank and linear independence to determine rules for the solubility of a set of linear equations.
Silylation processes for 193-nm excimer laser lithography (1990)

A silylation process for novolac-based resins was developed which results in positive-tone imaging. This process is based on 193nminduced crosslinking followed by a low temperature silylation step. Novolac resin without diazoquinone additives may also be used as positive-tone resists. Typical conditions were exposure to dimethylsilyldimethylainine vapor at 10 Torr for 1 minute at 100 °C. This incorporates silicon in the upperniost 100 to 1000 nn of the film, depending on the resist. Etch selectivities in a 10 rnTorr oxygen reactive ion etching plasma with a bias voltage of -200 V were typically 30:1. Resolution below 0.3 m has been demonstrated with this technique.
Manufacture of Custom Contoured Seat Cushions Using the Pressure Mapping Method Technique (2012)

custom contoured cushion, pressure ulcer prevention, pressure distribution, CAD/CAM Abstract. In the rehabilitation engineering area, the pressure ulcer prevention is an important and healthy problem, especially for people with the spinal cord injured (SCI). This paper aim to develop a computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) method to manufacture custom cushions to prevent pressure ulcer. A pressure sensor mat is placed between the body and flat polyurethane (PU) foam to measure the pressure distribution at the buttock-cushion interface. Based on the load-deformation characteristics of the foam material, this pressure distribution is converted into the corresponding deformation contour of the foam. Finally, the deformation data was processed and edited using Rhino 3D surface modelling software to create the CAD model of the custom contoured cushion. Then, the CAD data are transferred into CNC milling machine to manufacture the custom contoured cushion.
Contulakin-G, an O-Glycosylated Invertebrate Neurotensin (1999)

We have purified contulakin-G, a 16-amino acid O-linked glycopeptide (pGlu-Ser-Glu-Glu-Gly-Gly-Ser-Asn-Ala-Thr-Lys-Lys-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH, pGlu is pyroglutamate) from Conus geographus venom. The major glycosylated form of contulakin-G was found to incorporate the disaccharide beta-D-Galp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GalpNAc-(1-->) attached to Thr10. The C-terminal sequence of contulakin-G shows a high degree of similarity to the neurotensin family of peptides. Synthetic peptide replicates of Gal(beta-->3) GalNAc(alpha-->)Thr10 contulakin-G and its nonglycosylated analog were prepared using an Fmoc (9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) protected solid phase synthesis strategy. The synthetic glycosylated con- tulakin-G, when administered intracerebroventricular into mice, was found to result in motor control-associated dysfunction observed for the native peptide. Contulakín-G was found to be active at 10-fold lower doses than the nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G analog. The binding affinities of contulakin-G and the nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G for a number of neurotensin receptor types including the human neurotensin type 1 receptor (hNTR1), the rat neurotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors, and the mouse neurotensin type 3 receptor were determined. The binding affinity of the nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G was approximately an order of magnitude lower than that of neurotensin1-13 for all the receptor types tested. In contrast, the glycosylated form of contulakin-G exhibited significantly weaker binding affinity for all of the receptors tested. However, both contulakin-G and nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G were found to be potent agonists of rat neurotensin receptor type 1. Based on these results, we conclude that O-linked glycosylation appears to be a highly unusual strategy for increasing the efficacy of toxins directed against neurotransmitter receptors.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW DIARYL SULFIDES AND DIARYL SULFONES CONTAINING AMINO ACID MOIETIES. PART I (1979)

Abstract Umsetzung der Sulfide (I) mit dem Säurechlorid (II) gibt die Amide (III), die mit Aminen (IVa)‐(IVd) bzw. Hydrazin (IVc) zu den Derivaten (V) reagieren.
Feasibility of Portable Fingerstick Cholinesterase Testing in Adolescents in South Texas (2019)

Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of pesticide exposures, which can be assessed using surveys, environmental measurements, and biomonitoring. Biomonitoring of blood cholinesterase can be used to determine if an individual has been exposed to pesticides. A limitation of blood cholinesterase testing can be the use of a laboratory as well as time to receive results. In addition to laboratory tests, there are fingerstick cholinesterase (ChE) tests, which can eliminate the need for laboratory testing. Some populations, such as farmworkers, would benefit through fingerstick ChE tests. The objective of this pilot study is to determine the feasibility (eg, can the testing be used to assess ChE levels) of using fingerstick ChE testing in adolescent populations living along the Texas-Mexico border where adolescents who often engage in farm work live. A sub-objective was to explore differences in ChE levels by sex. The Model 400 Test-Mate ChE kit by EQM Research Inc (Cincinnati, OH) was used to assess for ChE inhibition in the participants, specifically acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is 1 of the 2 ChE enzymes. During the postassessment, males had a mean AChE value of 3.75 U/mL (95% CI 3.51-3.98); whereas females had a mean AChE value of 2.86 U/mL (95% CI 2.64-3.08), which was statistically significant. Overall, the study supports the use of field ChE testing in adolescent populations with a small percentage (6.90%) refusing to complete ChE testing.
Innovative Drilling Fluid Design and Rigorous Pre-Well Planning Enable Success in an Extreme HTHP Well (2000)

Abstract Drilling in the Qiongdongnan Basin, offshore China's Hainan Island Province, has often resulted in failure to reach desired objectives. Bottomhole temperatures up to 475°F, and pressures requiring mud weights up to 19.5 lbm/gal equivalent, place severe limitations on the performance of drilling fluids and often contribute in failure to reach the desired drilling objectives. Well Yacheng 21-1-4 was drilled in this basin with the COSDC semi-submersible rig Nanhai V and was spudded on 27th November 1998. TD of 5,250 meters was attained on 20th May 1999 where the bottomhole static temperature was 414°F and the pore pressure was 18.5 lbm/gal equivalent. Logs were run to bottom without incident with no significant drilling fluid related problems and the primary drilling objectives achieved. The success is attributed to innovative, fit-for-purpose drilling fluids and rigorous pre-well planning over a 2-year period prior to the well commencing. The paper describes the holistic approach to drilling fluid engineering for extreme well conditions. The development of innovative drilling fluids specific to these well conditions, and the rigorous laboratory testing necessary to generate detailed engineering guidelines, are described. Large-scale abrasion and pressure tests were also conducted. Modifications made to the rig design facilitated the management of drilling fluid properties at high density with high flow line temperatures. A portable drilling fluids laboratory, staffed with trained technicians, was installed on the rig to continually pilot test drilling fluid samples and treatments under simulated down-hole conditions. The importance of good communications and global technical support networks proved invaluable during the pre-well planning and for the execution phase of extreme high temperature and high pressure wells drilling.
Influence of Technological Parameter on Boehmite Sol Sealing Anodized Al 2024 Alloy (2011)

The boehmite sol is prepared with cheap inorganic salt Al(NO 3 ) 3 and NH 3 H 2 O. The anodized aluminum alloy was sealed with the boehmite sol. Influences of concentration of Al 3+ , pH and temperature of sol on the properties of sol and the sealed film were studied. The results shows that the viscosity of sol increases and the stability becomes lower with the increase of Al 3+ concentration and pH of sol. The viscosities of sol become lower with the rises of its temperature. The thickness of anodized film increases when sealed with boehmite sol. The thickness value of sealed film increases with the increase of the sol viscosity. The properties of sealed film are better while the color of sol is azury. The corrosion resistance of sealed film was enhanced with the pH rising from 5.5 to 7 at the same concentrate and temperature of sol. The corrosion resistance in acidic solution is improved remarkably for sol sealed film as the sol temperature rises up to 60°C. The time of changing colour for sol sealing film is longer than that of the film sealed by distilled water.
Purification of Human Lymphoblastoid Cell-Derived Interferon-Alpha by Controlled-Pore Glass Bead Adsorption Chromatography and Molecular Sieving* (1981)

Human lymphoblastoid cell-derived interferon-alpha has been purified by a combination of chromatography on controlled-pore glass 350, gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA 54 and hydrophobic chromatography on Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B. Specific activities of greater than 10(7) units/mg have been obtained. Controlled-Pore Glass has the advantages of accommodating large volumes of induced medium in an "in-line" process giving high recoveries of interferon and removing most of any contaminating DNA.
Adsorption of fluoride, phosphate, and arsenate ions on lanthanum‐impregnated silica gel (1996)

A lanthanum‐impregnated silica gel has been developed for the removal of fluoride, phosphate, and arsenate ions by adsorption. The interaction between silica gel and lanthanum ion was maximum at a final pH of 6. The removal of fluoride and arsenate ions by adsorption on the lanthanum‐impregnated silica gel was more than 99.9% at neutral pH from initial concentration of 0.55 and 0.2 mmol/L, respectively. The removal of phosphate ion was 95% at an initial concentration of 0.5 mmol/L at neutral pH. Arsenite ion was not adsorbed on the material. The rate of adsorption of the anions followed the first‐order reaction and fit in the Lagergren equation. The adsorption of each anion followed the Langmuir isotherm. Other anions such as Cl − Br − , I − , NO 3 − , and SO 4 2− did not interfere with the adsorption. A column study was conducted for the removal of these anions at a fixed flow rate of 0.5 mL/min at pH approximately 7. These anions were removed by more than 99.9% at initial first or second fraction, and the column was regenerated at pH 8.5. The method was applied for the removal of these anions from synthetic and high‐tech industrial wastewaters.
Performance Analysis of Large Intelligent Surfaces (LISs): Asymptotic Data Rate and Channel Hardening Effects (2018)

The concept of a large intelligent surface (LIS) has recently emerged as a promising wireless communication paradigm that can exploit the entire surface of man-made structures for transmitting and receiving information. An LIS is expected to go beyond massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, insofar as the desired channel can be modeled as a perfect line-of-sight. To understand the fundamental performance benefits, it is imperative to analyze its achievable data rate, under practical LIS environments and limitations. In this paper, an asymptotic analysis of the uplink data rate in an LIS-based large antenna-array system is presented. In particular, the asymptotic LIS rate is derived in a practical wireless environment where the estimated channel on LIS is subject to estimation errors and interference channels are spatially correlated Rician fading channels. Moreover, the occurrence of the channel hardening effect is analyzed and the performance bound is asymptotically derived for the considered LIS system. The analytical asymptotic results are then shown to be in close agreement with the exact mutual information as the numbers of antennas and devices increases without bounds. Moreover, the derived ergodic rates show that noise and interference from estimation errors and the non-line-of-sight path become negligible as the number of antennas increases. Simulation results show that an LIS can achieve a performance that is comparable to conventional massive MIMO with improved reliability and a significantly reduced area for antenna deployment.