gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Accessory Subunit of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase γ Increases Processivity of the Catalytic Subunit of Human DNA Polymerase γ and Is Related to Class II Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases (1999)

Peptide sequences obtained from the accessory subunit of Xenopus laevis mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase gamma (pol gamma) were used to clone the cDNA encoding this protein. Amino-terminal sequencing of the mitochondrial protein indicated the presence of a 44-amino-acid mitochondrial targeting sequence, leaving a predicted mature protein with 419 amino acids and a molecular mass of 47.3 kDa. This protein is associated with the larger, catalytic subunit in preparations of active mtDNA polymerase. The small subunit exhibits homology to its human, mouse, and Drosophila counterparts. Interestingly, significant homology to glycyl-tRNA synthetases from prokaryotic organisms reveals a likely evolutionary relationship. Since attempts to produce an enzymatically active recombinant catalytic subunit of Xenopus DNA pol gamma have not been successful, we tested the effects of adding the small subunit of the Xenopus enzyme to the catalytic subunit of human DNA pol gamma purified from baculovirus-infected insect cells. These experiments provide the first functional evidence that the small subunit of DNA pol gamma stimulates processive DNA synthesis by the human catalytic subunit under physiological salt conditions.
Modulation of charge conduction in ZnO nanowires through selective surface molecular functionalization (2012)

Two-terminal devices were fabricated using unintentionally doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NW) grown via a chemical vapor deposition technique to study the influence of surface functionalization on their transport properties. Organic molecules with differing functional groups demonstrated contrasting effects on the charge transport of the nanowires depending on the polarity and orientation of the molecules.
Purification and Properties of Endogenous Ouabain-Like Substances from Hemofiltrate and Adrenal Glands (1993)

Chick embryo heart cells in culture were found to contain two cell types differing in their [Ca2+]i. Elevation of [Ca2+]i in cells with 99.4 +/- 7.1 nM [Ca2+]i was induced half-maximally at 2 x 10(-9) M ouabain and of cells with 27.9 +/- 4.4 nM [Ca2+]i at 4 x 10(-8) M ouabain. The localization of a sodium pump with differing sensitivity for ouabain in different cell types of the heart raised the question of the existence of endogenously formed ouabain. From 6,000 I hemofiltrate of uremic patients, a substance of 582 Da cross-reacting with ouabain antibodies was purified 42,000-fold. The substance was slightly more hydrophobic on a C-18 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) than ouabain was. It inhibited 86Rb+ uptake into red blood cells and raised like ouabain [Ca2+]i in both types of chick heart cells. From pig adrenal glands, a substance inhibiting 86Rb+ uptake into erythrocytes was purified by affinity chromatography on a column containing antibodies against ouabain. A major part of the eluted substances chromatographed on a C-18-HPLC column as ouabain did, but a minor part was somewhat more hydrophobic. It is presumed that more than a single endogenous ouabain-like factor exists in mammals.
Novel C-terminally truncated isoforms of the CXC chemokine beta-thromboglobulin and their impact on neutrophil functions. (1998)

The neutrophil agonist neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2) arises through proteolytic processing of platelet-derived N-terminally extended inactive precursors, the most abundant one being connective tissue-activating peptide-III (CTAP-III). Apart from N-terminal processing, C-terminal processing also appears to participate in the functional regulation of NAP-2, as indicated by our recent identification of an isoform missing four C-terminal amino acids, NAP-2 (1-66), which was about threefold more potent than full-size NAP-2. In the present study, we report on the discovery and identification of natural NAP-2 (1-63), an isoform truncated by seven C-terminal residues. Functional and receptor-binding analyses demonstrated that NAP-2 (1-63) represents the most active isoform, being about fivefold more potent than full-size NAP-2. Analyses of rNAP-2 isoforms successively truncated at the C terminus by up to eight residues suggest functionally important roles for acidic residues and for the leucine at position 63, a residue highly conserved within CXC chemokines. Finally, we report on a novel C-terminally truncated isoform of CTAP-III (CTAP-III (1-81)) representing the potential precursor of NAP-2 (1-66). We show that C-terminal truncation in CTAP-III enhances its potency to desensitize chemokine-induced neutrophil activation, indicating that C-terminal processing might not only serve to enhance neutrophil activation, but might as well participate in the down-regulation of an inflammatory response.
Performance of a honeycomb monolith bioreactor in a gas-liquid-solid three-phase system (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerformance of a honeycomb monolith bioreactor in a gas-liquid-solid three-phase systemKoei Kawakami, Kyosuke Kawasaki, Fumihide Shiraishi, and Koichiro KusunokiCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1989, 28, 4, 394–400Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00088a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00088a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views361Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigating Gov 2.0 Services: Leveraging On User Participation (2012)

While tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a critical mediator of appropriate immune response and tissue repair, its misregulation is linked to cancer, autoimmunity, bone marrow failure, and aging. Understanding the context-dependent roles of TNF is essential for elucidating normal and pathogenic conditions and to guide clinical therapy advancements. Prior studies suggested that TNF restricts the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but its long-term effect on HSCs remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that <i>in vivo</i> TNF administration results in a transient exit of HSCs from quiescence, which coincides with a compromised repopulation capacity. These functional changes are; however, fully reversible even following prolonged/chronic transient exposure to TNF. Notably, antagonizing TNF signaling in transplantation recipients enhances donor HSC reconstitution. Our findings provide molecular and functional insight into HSC regulation, with implications for both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Changing the Acceptor Identity of a Transfer RNA by Altering Nucleotides in a "Variable Pocket" (1988)

The specificity of tRNA(Arg) (arginine transfer RNA) for aminoacylation (its acceptor identity) were first identified by computer analysis and then examined with amber suppressor tRNAs in Escherichia coli. On replacing two nucleotides in tRNA(Phe) (phenylalanine transfer RNA) with the corresponding nucleotides from tRNA(Arg), the acceptor identity of the resulting tRNA was changed to that of tRNA(Arg). The nucleotides used in the identity transformation occupy a "variable pocket" structure on the surface of the tRNA molecule where two single-stranded loop segments interact. The middle nucleotide in the anticodon also probably contributes to the interaction, since an amber suppressor of tRNA(Arg) had an acceptor identity for lysine as well as arginine.
Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering in calcium aluminosilicate glasses (1998)

Rayleigh–Brillouin scattering of calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) glasses was studied. The Rayleigh–Brillouin intensities and Brillouin wavenumber shifts along with measurements of refractive index and density allowed the calculation of sound velocities, Pockels elasto-optic coefficients, elastic constants and scattering loss of the material. The physical significances of the Pockels coefficients and elastic constants are discussed in the light of existing theories. The derived loss values of CAS glasses are lower than that observed in fused silica. The low intrinsic Rayleigh scattering loss in these glasses is shown to be reconciled by the bond polarizability model developed by Lines. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Photo-Patternable Stress Relief Material for Plastic Packaged Integrated Circuits (1988)

Reports the use of a photo-patternable silicone as an integrated-circuit package stress-relief material. This material is implemented as a final wafer-fabrication masking step over the previously patterned passivation layer. The process uses standard wafer-fabrication equipment and passivation layer masks. The wafers are processed following usual procedures. Results indicate that plastic-packaged circuits which are coated with the photosensitive silicone elastometer exhibit thermal stress test lifetimes that significantly exceed those of non-silicone-coated controls. It is proposed that this technology offers both a potential economy in the assembly process and the potential of overcoming thermal-shock-induced integrated-circuit failures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Desalination: the State of the Art (1997)

Abstract Desalination technology is applied in many areas of the world to provide fresh water from brackish or seawater sources. The paper reviews the technology which is available and discusses both distillation and membrane processes. Indications of capital and operating costs are provided.
Modeling Missing Data in Clinical Time Series with RNNs (2016)

We demonstrate a simple strategy to cope with missing data in sequential inputs, addressing the task of multilabel classification of diagnoses given clinical time series. Collected from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, our data consists of multivariate time series of observations. The measurements are irregularly spaced, leading to missingness patterns in temporally discretized sequences. While these artifacts are typically handled by imputation, we achieve superior predictive performance by treating the artifacts as features. Unlike linear models, recurrent neural networks can realize this improvement using only simple binary indicators of missingness. For linear models, we show an alternative strategy to capture this signal. Training models on missingness patterns only, we show that for some diseases, what tests are run can be as predictive as the results themselves.
Design of a Reliable Multiple Contact for the Coin Telephone Totalizer (1969)

The totalizer performs many of the logic functions in handling a call from a public telephone set. It registers the denomination of the coin deposited and pulses appropriate signals back to the central office by transferring four sets of contacts, which are operated by a falling coin. The energy available from the coin is quite low, so contact force and cam rise of the switches must be kept low. Satisfactory operation of the contacts is essential to reliable service from the telephone. Public telephones are subjected to extreme environments, and early trials indicated contact contamination might cause the totalizer to fail to meet desired performance levels. The contact design was reviewed from three aspects: analysis of field failures, analytical investigation of design parameters, and laboratory testing to establish relative reliability figures. Considerations leading to the adoption of a brush of four precious-metal wire contacts as the design to be used in production are summarized.
Constructing Datasets for Multi-hop Reading Comprehension Across Documents (2018)

Most Reading Comprehension methods limit themselves to queries which can be answered using a single sentence, paragraph, or document. Enabling models to combine disjoint pieces of textual evidence would extend the scope of machine comprehension methods, but currently no resources exist to train and test this capability. We propose a novel task to encourage the development of models for text understanding across multiple documents and to investigate the limits of existing methods. In our task, a model learns to seek and combine evidence — effectively performing multihop, alias multi-step, inference. We devise a methodology to produce datasets for this task, given a collection of query-answer pairs and thematically linked documents. Two datasets from different domains are induced, and we identify potential pitfalls and devise circumvention strategies. We evaluate two previously proposed competitive models and find that one can integrate information across documents. However, both models struggle to select relevant information; and providing documents guaranteed to be relevant greatly improves their performance. While the models outperform several strong baselines, their best accuracy reaches 54.5% on an annotated test set, compared to human performance at 85.0%, leaving ample room for improvement.
Role of chloroplast trienoic fatty acids in plant disease defense responses (2004)

Trienoic fatty acids (TAs) are the major polyunsaturated fatty acid species in the membrane lipids in plant cells. TAs are crucial for the adaptation to abiotic stresses, especially low- or high-temperature stress. We show that TAs in chloroplast membrane lipids are involved in defense responses against avirulent bacterial pathogens. Avirulent pathogen invasion of plants induces a transient production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), programmed cell death and subsequent disease resistance. The Arabidopsis fad7fad8 mutation, which prevents the synthesis of TAs in chloroplast lipids, caused the reduction in ROI accumulation in leaves inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (avrRpm1). Linolenic acid, the most abundant TA, activated the NADPH oxidase that is responsible for ROI generation. TAs were transferred from chloroplast lipids to extrachloroplast lipids coincident with ROI accumulation after inoculation with Pst DC3000 (avrRpm1). Furthermore, the fad7fad8 mutant exhibited reduced cell death and was compromised in its resistance to several avirulent P. syringae strains. These results suggest that TAs derived from chloroplast lipids play an important role in the regulation of plant defense responses.
Tripurari Sharma: Out in the Open (1997)

Performing Arts Journal - PAJ 55 (Volume 19, Number 1), January 1997
Dramatic Improvement of Blood Glucose Control after Pioglitazone Treatment in Poorly Controlled Over-weight Diabetic Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy (2009)

Insulin resistance is mainly present in skeletal muscle in non-obese patients with myotonic dystrophy. Thiazolidinediones are reported to reduce insulin resistance in these patients. However, the effects of pioglitazone in overweight patients with myotonic dystrophy and type 2 diabetes mellitus have not been established. Here, we evaluated the effect of pioglitazone in two poorly-controlled over-weight diabetic patients with myotonic dystrophy. Case 1 was a 41- year-old women (BMI 27.8 kg/m(2)) with myotonic dystrophy and type 2 diabetes had been treated with 3 mg/day glimepiride and 500 mg/day metformin, but the treatment failed to achieve good glycemic control (HbA(1C) 11.8 %). Following admission to the hospital, she was treated with low-dose insulin and 30 mg/day pioglitazone. At 10 days after initiation of therapy, glycemic control was improved, serum IL-6 and hs-CRP decreased, and adiponectin level increased rapidly. Case 2 was a 47-year-old women (BMI 29.2 kg/m(2)) with myotonic dystrophy and type 2 diabetes mellitus had been treated with insulin without successful glycemic control (HbA(1C) 10.3 %). After admission, she was treated with 15 mg/day pioglitazone. This improved glycemic control, reduced daily insulin requirement, decreased IL-6 and hs-CRP levels rapidly and increased adiponectin level at 10 days after initiation of therapy. In both cases, pioglitazone rapidly improved glycemic control, enhanced adiponectin production, and reduced inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that pioglitazone may be suitable for these patients.
Magnetic properties of as-deposited Fe–Al–O alloy films (2000)

The magnetic and structural properties of as-sputtered nanocrystalline Fe–Al–O films, fabricated by a magnetron sputtering apparatus, are investigated as a function of the sputtering input power and the contents of Al and oxygen. A nanocrystalline Fe88.5Al3.5O8.0 film is found to have 4πMs of 18.2 kG, Hc of 0.6 Oe, μeff of 4600 up to 100 MHz. These excellent soft magnetic properties and high frequency characteristics result from nanocrystalline structure, high electrical resistivity, and moderate anisotropy field. These values are sufficient to apply to a high-density recording head.
The role of adherens junctions in the developing neocortex (2015)

The disproportional enlargement of the neocortex through evolution has been instrumental in the success of vertebrates, in particular mammals. The neocortex is a multilayered sheet of neurons generated from a simple proliferative neuroepithelium through a myriad of mechanisms with substantial evolutionary conservation. This developing neuroepithelium is populated by progenitors that can generate additional progenitors as well as post-mitotic neurons. Subtle alterations in the production of progenitors vs. differentiated cells during development can result in dramatic differences in neocortical size. This review article will examine how cadherin adhesion proteins, in particular α-catenin and N-cadherin, function in regulating the neural progenitor microenvironment, cell proliferation, and differentiation in cortical development.
BCU classifiers for on-line dynamic contingency screening of electric power systems (2002)

A sequence of BCU classifiers for on-line dynamic contingency screening is developed based on the modified BCU implementation. The theoretical basis for these classifiers is provided. The design objective of the BCU classifiers is to ensure that unstable (single-swing or multi-swing) contingencies be completely captured and that the number of contingencies needed for further analysis be significantly reduced. The effectiveness of the developed BCU classifiers and the proposed architecture is evaluated-using 1668 contingencies on a 50-generator, 145-bus power system with very promising results.
Paraffin Deposition and Rheological Evaluation of High Wax Content Altamont Crude Oils (1983)

ABSTRACT The Altamont area in Utah produces one of the highest wax content crudes anywhere in the world. These high pour point and hard to handle crude oils are an even tougher problem because of their location in a geographical area subject to very low ambient temperatures. Millions of dollars are spent each year heating these crudes in order to expedite their production and transportation. Crude oil samples from the area have been tested using a variety of techniques. Paraffin deposition, viscosity, cloud point, pour point, yield values, wax extraction and GLC tests have been conducted in order to characterize the crude oil samples. The effects of various chemical additives were then analyzed using the same tests. The effective paraffin inhibitors not only reduced the quantity of wax deposited, but dramatic shifts in molecular weight range and configuration were also apparent. GLC data indicates that effective chemical structures all reduced the quantity of C40-50 molecu1-ar weight waxes contained in the resulting paraffin deposits.
Plasmid-Dependent Methylotrophy in Thermotolerant <i>Bacillus methanolicus</i> (2004)

Bacillus methanolicus can efficiently utilize methanol as a sole carbon source and has an optimum growth temperature of 50 degrees C. With the exception of mannitol, no sugars have been reported to support rapid growth of this organism, which is classified as a restrictive methylotroph. Here we describe the DNA sequence and characterization of a 19,167-bp circular plasmid, designated pBM19, isolated from B. methanolicus MGA3. Sequence analysis of pBM19 demonstrated the presence of the methanol dehydrogenase gene, mdh, which is crucial for methanol consumption in this bacterium. In addition, five genes (pfk, encoding phosphofructokinase; rpe, encoding ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase; tkt, encoding transketolase; glpX, encoding fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase; and fba, encoding fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase) with deduced roles in methanol assimilation via the ribulose monophosphate pathway are encoded by pBM19. A shuttle vector, pTB1.9, harboring the pBM19 minimal replicon (repB and ori) was constructed and used to transform MGA3. Analysis of the resulting recombinant strain demonstrated that it was cured of pBM19 and was not able to grow on methanol. A pTB1.9 derivative harboring the complete mdh gene could not restore growth on methanol when it was introduced into the pBM19-cured strain, suggesting that additional pBM19 genes are required for consumption of this carbon source. Screening of 13 thermotolerant B. methanolicus wild-type strains showed that they all harbor plasmids similar to pBM19, and this is the first report describing plasmid-linked methylotrophy in any microorganism. Our findings should have an effect on future genetic manipulations of this organism, and they contribute to a new understanding of the biology of methylotrophs.
Critical Functions of the Lysosome in Cancer Biology (2016)

Lysosomes (or lytic bodies) were so named because they contain high levels of hydrolytic enzymes. Lysosome function and dysfunction have been found to play important roles in human disease, including cancer; however, the ways in which lysosomes contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression are still being uncovered. Beyond serving as a cellular recycling center, recent evidence suggests that the lysosome is involved in energy homeostasis, generating building blocks for cell growth, mitogenic signaling, priming tissues for angiogenesis and metastasis formation, and activating transcriptional programs. This review examines emerging knowledge of how lysosomal processes contribute to the hallmarks of cancer and highlights vulnerabilities that might be exploited for cancer therapy.
Reactivity ratios of vinyl esters of aliphatic acids and some common vinyl monomers (1958)

Abstract The copolymerization reaction of five vinyl esters of aliphatic acids with vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene, and methyl acrylate have been studied. The reactivity ratios have been determined and the Q and e values for the esters have been calculated. The results clearly show that the nature of the acyl residue in a vinyl ester has little influence on its reactivity ratio in a copolymerization reaction or on the Q or e value.