gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Key recovery in IPSec for improving robustness (2002)

IPSec is a security protocol suite that provides encryption and authentication services for IP messages at the network layer of the Internet. Key recovery has been the subject of a lot of discussion, of much controversy and of extensive research. The widespread opinion of the research community is that large-scale deployment of a key recovery system is essentially impossible. Despite this fact, key recovery might be needed at a corporate level, as a form of key management. The basic observation of the present paper is that cryptographic solutions that have been proposed so far; completely ignore the communication context. Static systems are put forward for key recovery at network layer and solutions that require connections with a server are proposed at application layer. We propose an example to provide key recovery capability by adding key recovery information to an IP datagram. It is possible to take advantage of the communication environment in order to design key recovery protocols that are better suited and more efficient.
Higher activity of an aldehyde oxidase in the auxin-overproducing superroot1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (1998)

International audience
Sequential CD34 cellfractionation by magnetophoresis in a magnetic dipole flow sorter (2009)

Cell separation and fractionation based on fluorescent and magnetic labeling procedures are common tools in contemporary research. These techniques rely on binding of fluorophores or magnetic particles conjugated to antibodies to target cells. Cell surface marker expression levels within cell populations vary with progression through the cell cycle. In an earlier work we showed the reproducible magnetic fractionation (single pass) of the Jurkat cell line based on the population distribution of CD45 surface marker expression. Here we present a study on magnetic fractionation of a stem and progenitor cell (SPC) population using the established acute myelogenous leukemia cell line KG-1a as a cell model. The cells express a CD34 cell surface marker associated with the hematopoietic progenitor cell activity and the progenitor cell lineage commitment. The CD34 expression level is approximately an order of magnitude lower than that of the CD45 marker, which required further improvements of the magnetic fractionation apparatus. The cells were immunomagnetically labeled using a sandwich of anti-CD34 antibody-phycoerythrin (PE) conjugate and anti-PE magnetic nanobead and fractionated into eight components using a continuous flow dipole magnetophoresis apparatus. The CD34 marker expression distribution between sorted fractions was measured by quantitative PE flow cytometry (using QuantiBRITE PE calibration beads), and it was shown to be correlated with the cell magnetophoretic mobility distribution. A flow outlet addressing scheme based on the concept of the transport lamina thickness was used to control cell distribution between the eight outlet ports. The fractional cell distributions showed good agreement with numerical simulations of the fractionation based on the cell magnetophoretic mobility distribution in the unsorted sample.
Experience Based Imitation Using RNNPB (2006)

Robot imitation is a useful and promising alternative to robot programming. Robot imitation involves two crucial issues. The first is how a robot can imitate a human whose physical structure and properties differ greatly from its own. The second is how the robot can generate various motions from finite programmable patterns (generalization). This paper describes a novel approach to robot imitation based on its own physical experiences. Let us consider a target task of moving an object on a table. For imitation, we focused on an active sensing process in which the robot acquires the relation between the object's motion and its own arm motion. For generalization, we applied a recurrent neural network with parametric bias (RNNPB) model to enable recognition/generation of imitation motions. The robot associates the arm motion which reproduces the observed object's motion presented by a human operator. Experimental results demonstrated that our method enabled the robot to imitate not only motion it has experienced but also unknown motion, which proved its capability for generalization
Optimal mass transportation problem in the design of freeform optical elements generating far-field irradiance distributions for plane incident beam (2019)

We consider the problem of calculating a refracting surface generating a prescribed irradiance distribution in the far field in the case of a plane incident beam. We demonstrate that this problem can be formulated as a mass transportation problem (MTP) and obtain the cost function for the MTP. It is shown that with a special choice of coordinates, the cost function becomes quadratic. The obtained mass transportation problem also describes the problem of calculating a mirror, which can be considered as a special case of the problem of calculating a refracting surface. We propose a method of calculating a refracting surface based on the reduction of the MTP to a linear assignment problem. This method is applied to the design of several optical elements generating prescribed intensity distributions. The simulation results demonstrate high performance of the proposed approach.
Effect of Fertirelin Acetate or Buserelin on Conception Rate at First or Second Insemination in Lactating Dairy Cows (1990)

The objective of this study was to determine if fertirelin acetate and buserelin, two GnRH agonists, improve conception rate when administered at the time of first or second AI in lactating dairy cows. The study consisted of a common protocol conducted at 10 commercial dairy farms. Approximately 150 cows within each dairy were assigned randomly in replicates to receive intramuscularly either no injection or injection of 25, 50, 75, or 100 micrograms fertirelin acetate or 10 micrograms buserelin immediately after AI. Cows were subjected to the reproductive management practices normal for each location. Cows at each location were palpated for pregnancy status at 35 to 60 d postinjection. No improvement in conception rate was detected in response to either agonist (control = 48%, fertirelin acetate = 41.5%, buserelin = 39.7%). Conception rate was unaffected by either days postpartum at injection or overall fertility of the individual herds. These observations do not support the routine use of doses of 25 to 100 micrograms fertirelin acetate or 10 micrograms buserelin at the time of first or second AI as a means to improve conception rate in lactating dairy cows.
Trypsin-Plasmin Inhibitors from Leeches Isolation, Amino Acid Composition, Inhibitory Characteristics (1971)

Trypsin-Plasmin Inhibitors from Leeches Isolation, Amino Acid Composition, Inhibitory Characteristics was published in Proceedings of the International Research Conference on Proteinase Inhibitors, Munich, November 4–6, 1970 on page 271.
Characterization of T lymphocyte subpopulations responsible for deficient interleukin 2 activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. (1985)

Normal immunoregulation depends on a complex set of cellular interactions in which interleukin 2 (IL 2) appears to play an important role. We have examined the IL 2 activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IL 2 production by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated T cells for 48 hr was measured by the ability of their culture fluid to induce proliferation of normal human T cells that had been activated for more than 20 days by PHA plus IL 2. To measure IL 2 responsiveness, T cells were blasted by preincubation with concanavalin A for 96 hr and stimulated for another 72 hr with lectin-free standard IL 2. SLE T cells failed to produce normal levels of IL 2 in vitro compared with normal control T cells. This failure resided in both OKT4+ and OKT8+ cells. Furthermore, the abnormality was due neither to soluble inhibitory factors produced by SLE T cells nor to active suppressor cells that might be induced by PHA-stimulation. Responsiveness to IL 2 of T cells from some, but not all, SLE patients was decreased significantly from that of normal controls. Absorption studies as well as studies with anti-Tac antibody demonstrated that the impaired responsiveness of T cells in the specific patients with SLE was due to inadequate expression of IL 2 receptors on the T cells upon activation. This defect was exclusively ascribed to the dysfunction of OKT4+, but not OKT8+, cells. The above defects in production of and responsiveness to IL 2 observed in patients with SLE were present at all times regardless of the disease activity or of corticosteroid therapy. Thus, the deficient IL 2 activity may be intrinsic to SLE lymphocytes and may contribute to impaired immunoregulation and to the development of SLE.
<i>In situ</i> real-time monitoring of apoptosis on leukemia cells by surface infrared spectroscopy (2009)

We have investigated in situ real-time monitoring of apoptosis on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells using infrared absorption spectroscopy with the multiple internal reflection (MIR-IRAS) geometry. Actinomycin D (Act D)-induced apoptosis on HL-60 cells was monitored for 24 h. Apoptotic cells showed two strong peaks around the protein amide I and amide II bands probably due to the leakage of cytoplasmic proteins, while growing viable cells showed a peak corresponding to the secretion of metabolites and two downward peaks corresponding to uptake of nutrients from culture media. In addition, IR absorption peak intensity of the amide I and amide II bands was proportional to the extracellular concentration of lactate dehydrogenase, a marker protein for cell damage. These results demonstrate that our MIR-IRAS method is useful for discrimination of apoptotic cells from viable ones and cell apoptotic processes can be monitored in situ by analyzing the amide I and amide II peak intensity.
Techniques for Measuring Warpage of Chip Packages, PWBs, and PWB Assemblies (2013)

One of the crucial factors for the thermo-mechanical reliability of electronic packages is warpage that occurs during the printed wiring board (PWB) fabrication, solder masking and solder reflow processes. As the quality and reliability requirements of electronic components (packages) become higher, warpage control becomes a more crucial process during the PWB fabrication (manufacturing) and package assembly processes. The warpage of PWBs, PWB assemblies and electronic packages are measured by various techniques. Each technique has both its advantages and disadvantages; therefore the choice of a particular technique depends on whether one wants to measure the warpage of a PWB, PWB assembly or chip package. This paper reviews the pros and cons, such as resolution, speed, costs, accuracy, in-line capability, flexibility, and robustness, of different techniques used for measuring the warpage of chip packages, PWBs and PWB assemblies.
Surface and exchange-bias effects in compacted<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>CaMnO</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>nanoparticles (2008)

Magnetic properties of compacted $50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ ${\mathrm{CaMnO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ (CMO) nanoparticles have been investigated. Measurements of ac-susceptibility exhibit upon cooling two magnetic transitions at $T\ensuremath{\sim}270\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ accompanied by a small spontaneous magnetic moment and a para-antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition at ${T}_{\text{N}}\ensuremath{\sim}120\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, observed previously in bulk CMO. Asymmetric magnetization hysteresis loops observed in applied magnetic fields $H\ensuremath{\le}90\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$ are attributed to an exchange coupling between the antiferromagnetic core and the ferromagnetic (FM) shell of the CMO nanoparticles. This work provides the observation of exchange bias effect in manganite nanoparticles with inverted AFM-core--FM-shell structure, as compared to the typical FM-core--AFM-shell. Effects of surface and exchange anisotropy are also discussed.
Gas-Phase Dynamic NMR Study of the Internal Rotation in <i>N</i>-Trifluoroacetylpyrrolidine (2003)

The barrier to the internal rotation around the C−N bond in N-trifluoroacetylpyrrolidine (TFAPYR) was characterized using dynamic NMR spectroscopy. Kinetic parameters, ΔG⧧298 = 71.4(1.2) kJ mol-1, ΔH⧧ = 67.9(1.4) kJ mol-1, and ΔS⧧ = −11.8(4.0) J mol-1), were found to be lower in the gas phase than in solution. The pyrrolidine ring substituent in TFAPYR reduces the bulkiness around the C−N amide bond, stabilizing the ground state and increasing the value of the internal rotation barrier, ΔG⧧298, compared to N,N-dimethyl- and N,N-diethyltrifluoroacetamide. The magnitude of ΔG⧧298 in TFAPYR is also comparable to that found in primary amide bonds in peptides, emphasizing the importance of having a relatively small energy difference between cis and trans conformations in proline's role as a switch in protein signaling.
A quantitative comparison of iterative scheduling algorithms for input-queued switches (1998)

In this paper we quantitatively evaluate three iterative algorithms for scheduling cells in a high-bandwidth input-queued ATM switch. In particular, we compare the performance of an algorithm described previously – parallel iterative matching (PIM) – with two new algorithms: iterative round-robin matching with slip (iSLIP) and iterative least-recently used (iLRU). We also compare each algorithm against FIFO input-queueing and perfect output-queueing. For the synthetic workloads we consider, including uniform and bursty traffic, iSLIP performs almost identically to the other algorithms. Cases for which PIM and iSLIP perform poorly are presented, indicating that care should be taken when using these algorithms. But, we show that the implementation complexity of iSLIP is an order of magnitude less than for PIM, making it feasible to implement a 32×32 switch scheduler for iSLIP on a single chip.
<title>Imaging spectrometer for process industry applications</title> (1994)

This paper presents an imaging spectrometer principle based on a novel prism-grating-prism (PGP) element as the dispersive component and advanced camera solutions for on-line applications. The PGP element uses a volume type holographic plane transmission grating made of dichromated gelatin (DCG). Currently, spectrographs have been realized for the 400 - 1050 nm region but the applicable spectral region of the PGP is 380 - 1800 nm. Spectral resolution is typically between 1.5 and 5 nm. The on-axis optical configuration and simple rugged tubular optomechanical construction of the spectrograph provide a good image quality and resistance to harsh environmental conditions. Spectrograph optics are designed to be interfaced to any standard CCD camera. Special camera structures and operating modes can be used for applications requiring on-line data interpretation and process control.
A fully MEMS-compatible process for 3D high aspect ratio micro coils obtained with an automatic wire bonder (2009)

We report the fabrication of 3D micro coils made with an automatic wire bonder. Using standard MEMS processes such as spin coating and UV lithography on silicon and Pyrex® wafers results in high aspect ratio SU-8 posts with diameters down to 100 µm that serve as mechanical stabilization yokes for the coils. The wire bonder is employed to wind 25 µm insulated gold wire around the posts in an arbitrary (e.g. solenoidal) path, yielding arrays of micro coils. Each micro coil is bonded directly on-chip, so that loose wire ends are avoided and, compared to other winding methods, coil re-soldering is unnecessary. The manufacturing time for a single coil is about 200 ms, and although the process is serial, it is batch fabrication compatible due to the high throughput of the machine. Despite the speed of manufacture we obtain high manufacturing precision and reliability. The micro air-core solenoids show an RF quality factor of over 50 when tested at 400 MHz. We present a flexible coil making method where the number of windings is only limited by the post height. The coil diameter is restricted by limits defined by lithography and the mechanical strength of the posts. Based on this technique we present coils ranging from 100 µm diameter and 1 winding up to 1000 µm diameter and 20 windings.
[The role of oxygen free radicals in craniocerebral injury]. (1990)

Serum LPO content was measured by means of TBA in 41 patients suffering from craniocerebral injury in present study. The relationships between OFR and progressing course of craniocerebral injury, level of LPO and patient condition of an injury and prognosis were analysed. Results showed that serum LPO increased obviously in 24 hours after injury. The more severe the condition of an injury was, the higher the serum LPO content was, the worse prognosis would be. Serum LPO content increased statistically in group of death in 24 to 72 hours after injury, while it didn't change significantly in group of survival. The author suggest that the reaction of OFR enhanced after craniocerebral injury, and which was an important factor giving rise to secondary brain injury. Measurement of serum LPO content plays an important role in estimating the patients condition of injury and their prognosis.
InterViso: a data integration server (2002)

Connectivity products are available to connect computers containing data. DBMS vendors are providing gateways into their products, and SQL is being retrofitted on many older DBMSs to make it easier to access data from standard 4GL products and application development systems. The next step needed for integration of data is to provide a common data dictionary with a conceptual schema across the data to mask the many differences that occur when databases are developed independently. Data Integration Inc. has two products for addressing the problem: the InterViso IVBuild for developing the common data dictionary, and InterViso IVQuery for access to diverse databases. IVQuery is a DBMS front-end that allows a user to access data that is managed by existing DBMSs. IVQuery needs the definition of the existing databases, "local schemas" and a view across the databases, the "federated schema", which are stored in a DD/D (data dictionary /directory). The DD/D Builder program, called IVBuild, is used to develop and maintain the DD/D. IVBuild differs from other data modeling tools in that the description of the individual databases is input rather than output.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Steady-State Analysis of the Multiple Effect Evaporation Desalination Process (1998)

Mathematical modeling of the multiple effect evaporation (MEE) desalination process has been carried out to determine the effects of the important design and operating variables on the parameters controlling the cost of producing fresh water. The model assumes the practical case of constant heat transfer areas for both the evaporators and feed preheaters in all effects. In addition, the model considered the impact of the vapor leak in the venting system, the variation in thermodynamic losses from one effect to another, the dependence of the physical properties of water on salinity and temperature, and the influence of noncondensable gases on the heat transfer coefficients in the evaporators and the feed preheaters. The modified fixed-point iterative procedure is used to solve the large number of highly nonlinear equations describing the MEE desalting system. The algorithm consists of 10 calculation blocks and 6 logical blocks. The algorithm is implemented using L-A-S computer aided language. Results show that the heat transfer coefficients increase with the boiling temperature. Also, the heat transfer coefficient in the evaporator is always higher than that in the feed preheater at the same boiling temperature. The plant thermal performance ratio is nearly independent of the top brine temperature and strongly related to the number of effects. The specific heat transfer area increases by raising the number of effects and reducing the top brine temperature. The effect of the top brine temperature on the specific heat transfer area is more pronounced with a larger number of effects. The required specific heat transfer areas at a top brine temperature of 100°C are 30.3% and 26% of that required at 60°C when the number of effects are 6 and 12, respectively. The specific flow rate of cooling water is nearly constant at different values of top brine temperature and tapers off at a high rate as the number of effects is increased. Two correlations are developed to relate the heat transfer coefficients in the preheater and the evaporator to the boiling temperature. Design correlations are also developed to describe variations in the plant thermal performance, the specific heat transfer area, and the specific flow rate of cooling water in terms of the top brine temperature and the number of effects.
<i>klumpfuss</i>, a <i>Drosophila</i> gene encoding a member of the EGR family of transcription factors, is involved in bristle and leg development (1997)

The klumpfuss (klu) transcription unit in Drosophila gives rise to two different transcripts of 4.5 and 4.9 kb, both of which encode a putative transcription factor with four zinc-finger motifs of the C2H2 class. Zinc-finger 2-4 are homologous to those of the proteins of the EGR transcription factor family. As in the case of the most divergent member of the family, the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (WT-1), klu contains an additional zinc finger, which is only distantly related. Loss of klumpfuss function is semilethal and causes a variety of defects in bristles and legs of adults, as well as in mouth hooks and brains of larvae. Analysis of the mutants indicates that klumpfuss is required for proper specification and differentiation of a variety of cells, including the sensory organ mother cells and those of the distal parts of tarsal segments.
Resource Demand Prediction and Carbon Emission Estimation for Data Centers (2014)

The energy consumption of data centers has become a key issue in today’s ICT sector and a significant factor of green environment. A substantial reduction in energy consumption can be made by powering down servers when they are not in use. In cloud data center, it is very hard to manage and allocate their resource to incoming dynamic workload demands. Predicting the required resource demand, it can save the data center’s resource wasting and achieve max-profit and min-risk. Without proper prediction, data center can have overprovision and underprovision, which can cause resource waste and significant financial penalties. So an efficient resource management scheme is needed to reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub> ) emission. The aim of the present study is to develop model for predicting the future resource demand and estimation of CO<sub>2</sub> emission by comparatively assessing the suitability of several machine learning techniques. In order to reduce processing overheads, feature selection is conducted in prediction model. To estimate the CO<sub>2</sub> emission, Power model and Carbon model are also developed. Experiment is conducted on real world workload traces and results show that prediction model can predict future resource demand with acceptable accuracy.