gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequencer Per Pin test system architecture (2002)

A novel digital functional test system architecture, called Sequencer Per Pin in which the timing and waveform generation hardware work with a sequence of events in the same manner as an IC timing/logic simulator, is presented. This architecture implements tests as sequences of events for each pin, synchronized by global period markers. This makes it possible to perform complex tests on VLSI integrated circuits without requiring extensive program development and debugging efforts. The architecture is more flexible than previous designs, permitting more precise implementation of simulation data with fewer restrictions. The event sequence concept allows significant reduction in test pattern storage requirements and optimizes this feature even further by permitting run-time assignment of pin data, avoiding duplications of test patterns and test programs for different package configurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The sphere packing problem (1998)

. A brief report on recent work on the sphere-packing problem. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: 52C17 Keywords and Phrases: Sphere packings; lattices; quadratic forms; geometry of numbers 1 Introduction The sphere packing problem has its roots in geometry and number theory (it is part of Hilbert&apos;s 18th problem), but is also a fundamental question in information theory. The connection is via the sampling theorem. As Shannon observes in his classic 1948 paper [37] (which ushered in the age of digital communication), if f is a signal of bandwidth W hertz, with almost all its energy concentrated in an interval of T secs, then f is accurately represented by a vector of 2WT samples, which may be regarded as the coordinates of a single point in R n , n = 2WT . Nearly equal signals are represented by neighboring points, so to keep the signals distinct, Shannon represents them by n-dimensional `billiard balls&apos;, and is therefore led to ask: what is the best way to pack `billiard balls...
Effect of Low Pressure Remote Plasma Treatment on Damage Reduction of Emitting Organic Layer for Top-Emission Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2006)

To study the damage mechanism of an emitting polymer [poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO)] during indium tin oxide (ITO) sputtering for top-emission organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs), we treat PFO with low pressure remote RF (LPRF) plasma. The surface energy of PFO is changed by LPRF plasma treatment with the minimum damage condition. By the surface energy control of PFO, the Al metal shows continuous layer growth, which is attributed to the reduction of polymer damage as a buffer layer. From the results of light–current–voltage (L–I–V) characteristics and photoluminescence (PL) measurement, the main factors of polymer damage are both the energetic particles such as Ar neutral atoms and negative ions and the photo oxidation of emitting polymer. We discuss the damage mechanism during sputtering and characterize electronic energy level of the damaged PFO layer.
<title>Packet discarding inside a SIMA network: a waste of network resources?</title> (1998)

Simple Integrated Media Access (SIMA) is a network service based on drop preference bits in every packet. A key characteristic of SIMA is that the packet discarding decision are made locally without any knowledge about the load condition in other parts of the network. A possible problem of SIMA is that some packets could be lost in the last node after they have gone through the whole network. This seems to be a waste of network resource,s as some other packets could be transmitted in the network instead of the packets discarded in the last node. The question addressed in the paper is how much a network may profit by using perfect information about the network load condition in a way that the goodput in maximized by discarding packets only in the first node. A network with 5 nodes has been evaluated with a large number of different load conditions. The results show that the average benefit is less than 2 percent of the network capacity if the overall packet loss ratio is at most 20 percent. Only if the average packet los ratio is very high, could the benefit be significant.
A role for RNA metabolism in inducing the heat shock response. (1999)

Yeast HSF is constitutively trimeric and DNA bound. Heat shock is thought to activate HSF by inducing a conformational change. We have developed an assay in which we can follow a conformational change of HSF that correlates with activity and thus appears to be the active conformation. This conformational change requires two HSF trimers bound cooperatively to DNA. The conformational change can be induced in whole cell extracts, and is thus amenable to biochemical analysis. We have purified a factor that triggers the conformational change. The factor is sensitive to dialysis, insensitive to NEM, and is not extractable by phenol. It is small, and apparently not a peptide. Mass spectroscopy identifies a novel guanine nucleotide that tracks with activity on columns. This novel nucleotide, purchased from Sigma, induces the conformational change (although this does not prove the identity of the activating factor unambiguously, because Sigma's preparation is contaminated with other compounds). What is the source of this nucleotide in cells? Activity can be generated by treating extracts with ribonuclease; this implicates RNA degradation as a source of HSF-activating activity. The heat shock response is primarily responsible for monitoring the levels of protein chaperones; how can RNA degradation be involved? Synthetic lethal interactions link HSF activity to ribosome biogenesis, suggesting a possible model. Ribosomal proteins are produced in large quantities, and in excess of rRNA; unassembled r-proteins are rapidly degraded (t1/2 approximately 3 min). Unassembled r-proteins aggregate readily. It is likely that unassembled r-proteins represent a major target of chaperones in vivo, and for proteasome-dependent degradation. Interference with rRNA processing (e.g., by heat shock) requires hsp70s to handle the aggregation-prone r-proteins, and proteasome proteins to help degrade the unassembled r-proteins before they aggregate. A nucleotide signal could be generated from the degradation products of the rRNA itself.
Cloning of the aapT gene and characterization of its product, alpha-amylase-pullulanase (AapT), from thermophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain XAL601 (1994)

A thermophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain, XAL601, was isolated from soil. It produces a thermostable and alkaline-stable enzyme with both alpha-amylase and pullulanase activities. The alpha-amylase-pullulanase gene (aapT) from this Bacillus strain was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined (GenBank accession number D28467). A very large open reading frame composed of 6,096 bases, which encodes 2,032 amino acid residues with an M(r) of 224,992, was found. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the four highly conserved regions that are common among amylolytic enzymes were well conserved. These include an active center and common substrate-binding sites of various amylases. In the C-terminal region, a six-amino-acid sequence (Gly-Ser-Gly-Thr-Thr-Pro) is repeated 12 times. The aapT gene was then subcloned in Escherichia coli and overexpressed under the control of the lac promoter. Purification of AapT from this recombinant E. coli was performed, and it was shown that the aapT gene product exhibits both alpha-amylase and pullulanase activities with one active site. The optimum temperature and pH for enzyme activity were found to be 70 degrees C and pH 9, respectively. Furthermore, AapT was found to strongly adsorb to crystalline cellulose (Avicel) and raw corn starch. Final hydrolyzed products from soluble starch range from maltose (G2) to maltotetraose (G4). Only maltotriose (G3) was produced from pullulan. The enzyme also hydrolyzes raw starch under a broad range of conditions (60 to 70 degrees C and pH 8 to 9).
Polypropylene/metallocene ethylene‐octene copolymer blends with a bimodal particle size distribution: Mechanical properties and their controlling factors (2002)

Abstract Blends of polypropylene homopolymer (PP) and metallocene produced ethylene‐octene copolymer (EOR) with a bimodal particle size distribution were investigated. The aim of the work was to study the influences of EOR characteristics and its concentration on the tensile and impact properties of the blends. The matrix ligament thickness between rubber particles was measured and compared to those predicted using the theoretical models. The relationships between blend morphology and impact property were reported. It was found that the content of comonomer and molecular weight of the EOR as well as its concentration in the blends were the major factors controlling the tensile and impact properties of the blends. These factors became ineffective to impact property when the ligament thickness of the matrix was larger than the critical value ( T ∼0.3–0.4 μm). To achieve blends of high impact strength, the ligament thickness between rubber particles should be smaller than the critical value, and for a certain ligament thickness, EOR with high octene content and high molecular weight was preferred. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2412–2418, 2002
Seventy-Five Years of Neonatal Sepsis at Yale: 1928–2003 (2005)

The demographics, pathogens, and outcome associated with neonatal sepsis continue to change. The increase in late-onset sepsis in preterm infants who required prolonged intensive care indicates that strategies to prevent infection are urgently needed for this population of infants.
Design, Selection, and Development of Novel Peptide Ligands for Bioseparations and Diagnostics (2013)

MENEGATTI, STEFANO.Design, Selection, and Development of Novel Peptide Ligands for Bioseparations and Diagnostics.(Under the direction of Dr
The influence of gender on the epidemiology of and outcome from severe sepsis (2013)

In this large regional Italian cohort of ICU patients, there were more male than female admissions. The prevalence of severe sepsis was lower in women than in men, but female gender was independently associated with a higher risk of death in the ICU for patients with severe sepsis.
Dextromethorphan: A Review of <i>N</i>‐methyl‐<scp>d</scp>‐aspartate Receptor Antagonist in the Management of Pain (2007)

Dextromethorphan (DM) is a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, which is widely used as an antitussive agent. DM also prevents neuronal damage and modulates pain sensation via noncompetitive antagonism of excitatory amino acids (EAAs). DM has been found to be useful in the treatment of pain in cancer patients and in the treatment of methotrexate-induced neurotoxicity. Clinical studies with DM in cancer patients are reviewed in this article.
Iraq: The Case for Losing (2006)

What follows is the lightly edited text of a lecture delivered at the Brooklyn Law School Symposium on War and Trade on September 22, 2005. I argued that, as of the date of the lecture, the United States had already been defeated in Iraq, predicted an exit strategy likely to be adopted by the Bush administration, and assessed the likely consequences of the defeat for the various participants in the conflict. I ended with a statement that we should embrace our defeat as good for the world at large, however terrible for the Iraqi people. Of course, by the time the text went to the printer, much had changed, and by the time it finds its way into the reader’s hands, yet more will have changed. I am grateful to the Brooklyn Journal of International Law for its willingness to publish the lecture nonetheless, as a contribution to the debate on the war and also to the archive of anti-war speeches that may interest future historians of the domestic conflict over the conflict. **
Energy efficient content-based image retrieval for mobile systems (2009)

This paper presents a method to save energy for mobile systems that perform content-based image retrieval (CBIR). CBIR is a computation-intensive application and a resource-constrained mobile system may save energy by offloading computation to a grid-powered server. We develop three offloading schemes based on different conditions to save energy for CBIR on mobile systems. We implement a CBIR algorithm on an HP iPAQ hw6945 and physically measure the energy savings.
Preparation of catalysts VII : proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Scientific Bases for the Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, September 1-4, 1998 (1998)

Chapter Headings. Foreword. Organizing Committee and Scientific Committee. Supported (Noble) Metals. Unsupported (Mixed) Oxides. Supported Oxides and Mixed Oxides. Sol-Gel. Supports and Modified Supports. (Oxy)Nitride-Carbide. Mesoporous Structures. Layered Structures. Author Index. Other volumes in this series.
Successful Use of Downhole Camera Technology to Assist Fishing Operation (2017)

Abstract Fishing operations are complex and time consuming. This is due to the associated uncertainty with the orientation and condition of the tool that requires fishing. In this paper, a case study is presented which demonstrates the usefulness of utilizing downhole camera technology in conjunction with fishing operations. The use of real time camera inspection enabled successful fishing of a challenging plug. In addition, the traditional trial and error approach used in most fishing operations was avoided reducing the operation time and cost. The paper case study is a high pressure oil producer that has a stuck retrievable plug at 200 ft. The presence of the fish at a shallow depth makes well intervention operations critical from well control perspectives. In such cases, fishing operations must be meticulously designed to account and plan for contingencies should complications arise during fishing. Attempts to fish the plug using normal and heavy duty slickline were not successful. During these fishing attempts, several tools were lost in hole due to the damaged nature of the stuck plug adding to the complexity of the fishing operation. To address this challenge, a downhole camera with real time data transmission capability was run in the well using coiled tubing to enable viewing the condition and orientation of the lost fishing tools and the stuck plug. The results of the camera inspection runs were instrumental in subsequent fishing tools selection and adjusting the operating procedures. The first camera run revealed the presence of metal objects obstructing proper latch to the fish neck. Following clean-up runs with magnet, the second camera inspection run clearly showed partial damage to the top of fish neck (chipped out metal piece). The rest of the fishneck was found intact. Given the nature of damage to the top of the fishneck, conventional fishing tool sizes (3 in.) were not able to latch the fish. Accordingly, a smaller fishing tool (1.26 in. spear) was run and latched inside the bottom of the fish neck instead of the damaged top. The 1.26 in. spear run was successful in latching inside the fishneck and in recovering the fish safely. The fishing operation design, job execution, and contingencies will all be discussed in this paper.
A Novel and Versatile Silicon-Derived Linkage Agent, 4-[1-Hydroxy-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl]benzoic Acid, Compatible with the Fmoc/t-Bu Strategy for Solid Phase Synthesis of C-Terminal Peptide Acids (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Novel and Versatile Silicon-Derived Linkage Agent, 4-[1-Hydroxy-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl]benzoic Acid, Compatible with the Fmoc/t-Bu Strategy for Solid Phase Synthesis of C-Terminal Peptide AcidsHann-Guang Chao, Michael S. Bernatowicz, Paul D. Reiss, Clifford E. Klimas, and Gary R. MatsuedaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5, 1746–1752Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00084a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00084a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interactions between Polymers and Carbon Nanotubes:  A Molecular Dynamics Study (2005)

We used force-field-based molecular dynamics to study the interaction between polymers and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The intermolecular interaction energy between single-walled carbon nanotubes and polymers was computed, and the morphology of polymers adsorbed to the surface of nanotubes was investigated. Furthermore, the "wrapping" of nanotubes by polymer chains was examined. It was found that the specific monomer structure plays a very important role in determining the strength of interaction between nanotubes and polymers. The results of our study suggest that polymers with a backbone containing aromatic rings are promising candidates for the noncovalent binding of carbon nanotubes into composite structures. Such polymers can be used as building blocks in amphiphilic copolymers to promote increased interfacial binding between the CNT and a polymeric matrix.
Compressed Fingerprint Matching and Camera Identification via Random Projections (2015)

Sensor imperfections in the form of photoresponse nonuniformity (PRNU) patterns are a well-established fingerprinting technique to link pictures to the camera sensors that acquired them. The noise-like characteristics of the PRNU pattern make it a difficult object to compress, thus hindering many interesting applications that would require storage of a large number of fingerprints or transmission over a bandlimited channel for real-time camera matching. In this paper, we propose to use real-valued or binary random projections to effectively compress the fingerprints at a small cost in terms of matching accuracy. The performance of randomly projected fingerprints is analyzed from a theoretical standpoint and experimentally verified on databases of real photographs. Practical issues concerning the complexity of implementing random projections are also addressed using circulant matrices.
Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell differentiation (2010)

In response to infection or effective vaccination, naive antigen-specific CD8+ T cells undergo a dramatic highly orchestrated activation process. Initial encounter with an appropriately activated antigen-presenting cell leads to blastogenesis and an exponential increase in antigen-specific CD8+ T cell numbers. Simultaneously, a dynamic differentiation process occurs, resulting in formation of both primary effector and long-lived memory cells. Current findings have emphasized the heterogeneity of effector and memory cell populations with the description of multiple cellular subsets based on phenotype, function, and anatomic location. Yet, only recently have we begun to dissect the underlying factors mediating the temporal control of the development of distinct effector and memory CD8+ T cell sublineages. In this review we will focus on the requirements for mounting an effective CD8+ T cell response and highlight the elements regulating the differentiation of effector and memory subsets.
Enhanced Salt Removal in an Inverted Capacitive Deionization Cell Using Amine Modified Microporous Carbon Cathodes (2015)

Microporous SpectraCarb carbon cloth was treated using nitric acid to enhance negative surface charges of COO(-) in a neutral solution. This acid-treated carbon was further modified by ethylenediamine to attach -NH2 surface functional groups, resulting in positive surface charges of -NH3(+) via pronation in a neutral solution. Through multiple characterizations, in comparison to pristine SpectraCarb carbon, amine-treated SpectraCarb carbon displays a decreased potential of zero charge but an increased point of zero charge, which is opposed to the effect obtained for acid-treated SpectraCarb carbon. An inverted capacitive deionization cell was constructed using amine-treated cathodes and acid-treated anodes, where the cathode is the negatively polarized electrode and the anode is the positively polarized electrode. Constant-voltage switching operation using NaCl solution showed that the salt removal capacity was approximately 5.3 mg g(-1) at a maximum working voltage of 1.1/0 V, which is an expansion in both the salt capacity and potential window from previous i-CDI results demonstrated for carbon xerogel materials. This improved performance is accounted for by the enlarged cathodic working voltage window through ethylenediamine-derived functional groups, and the enhanced microporosity of the SpectraCarb electrodes for salt adsorption. These results expand the use of i-CDI for efficient desalination applications.
Proceedings, 2000 IEEE International Conference on Phased Array Systems and Technology, May 21-25, 2000, Dana Point, California (2000)

This volume constitutes the conference proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology 2000. Topics covered include: modules and components; phased arrays for mobile communications; digital beamforcing; direction finding; system optimization; and more.
Molecular Orientations Change Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism: A Review on Catalytic Alcohol Oxidation in Gas Phase and Liquid Phase on Size-Controlled Pt Nanoparticles (2018)

Catalytic oxidation of alcohols is an essential process for energy conversion, production of fine chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates. Although it has been broadly utilized in industry, the basic understanding for catalytic alcohol oxidations at a molecular level, especially under both gas and liquid phases, is still lacking. In this paper, we systematically summarized our work on catalytic alcohol oxidation over size-controlled Pt nanoparticles. The studied alcohols included methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, and 2-butanol. The turnover rates of different alcohols on Pt nanoparticles and also the apparent activation energy in gas and liquid phase reactions were compared. The Pt nanoparticle size dependence of reaction rates and product selectivity was also carefully examined. Water showed very distinct effects for gas and liquid phase alcohol oxidations, either as an inhibitor or as a promoter depending on alcohol type and reaction phase. A deep understanding of different alcohol molecular orientations on Pt surface in gas and liquid phase reactions was established using sum-frequency generation spectroscopy analysis for in situ alcohol oxidations, as well as density functional theory calculation. This approach can not only explain the entirely different behaviors of alcohol oxidations in gas and liquid phases, but can also provide guidance for future catalyst/process design.