gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytokeratin Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2002)

Background: The histologic distinction between basal cell carcinoma(BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) is sometimes difficult, but clinically important, because SCC has worse prognosis than BCC. Cytokeratins(CKs) are the major component of intermediate filaments and are subdivided into at least 20 different polypeptides. Monoclonal antibodies developed against these individual keratins become very useful in the classification of the major types of epithelial tumors. Objective: The purpose was to investigate the usefulness of CK staining in distinguishing BCC from SCC. Methods: We studied 10 cases of BCC and 10 cases of SCC with 6 anticytokeratin antibodies including AE1, CAM5.2, CK7, CK16, CK10, and CK8. Results: All cases of BCC and SCC stained with AE1. Six and 5 cases out of 10 cases of BCC stained with CAM5,2 and CK7, respectively, but all cases of SCC stained with neither CAM5.2 nor CK7. All cases of SCC stained with CK16, but all cases of BCC did not. Two out of 10 cases of SCC stained focally with CK10, while all cases of BCC did not stain with CK10. All cases of BCC and SCC did not stain with CK8. Conclusion: We conclude that a panel of antibodies for CKs including CK7, CAM5.2, and CK16 may be useful in distinguishing BCC from SCC. In particular, CK16 may be the most useful marker because it was positive for all cases of SCC while negative for all cases of BCC.
Some Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinoline Hydrochlorides (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinoline HydrochloridesJohannes S. BuckCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 8, 1769–1771Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01323a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01323a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transport and reactions of gold in silicon containing cavities (1998)

We quantified the strength of Au binding on cavity walls and in precipitates of the Au-Si molten phase within Si over the temperature range 1023--1123 K. Also determined was the diffusivity-solubility product of interstitial Au. These properties were obtained by using ion implantation and annealing to form multiple layers containing cavities or Au-Si precipitates and then measuring by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry the rate and extent of Au redistribution between layers during isothermal heating. Results were incorporated into a diffusion-reaction formalism describing the evolution of the coupled concentrations of interstitial Au, substitutional Au, Si interstitial atoms, and Si vacancies. Cavities were shown to be effective sinks for the gettering of Au from solution in Si.
Sugar loaf (1942)

Journal Article Sugar loaf Get access A. B. A. B. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 183, Issue 13, 19 December 1942, Pages 383–384, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/183.13.383g Published: 19 December 1942
Heritable Custom Genomic Modifications in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> via a CRISPR–Cas9 System (2013)

We adapted the CRISPR-Cas9 system for template-mediated repair of targeted double-strand breaks via homologous recombination in Caenorhabditis elegans, enabling customized and efficient genome editing. This system can be used to create specific insertions, deletions, and base pair changes in the germline of C. elegans.
'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum', a low-virulence epierythrocytic parasite of cats. (2001)

The phylogenetic position and some taxonomically relevant characteristics of a small, low-virulence bacterial parasite of cats are described. A 16S rDNA analysis revealed that the organism was in the Mycoplasma clade and was most closely related to a parasite of pigs previously designated Eperythrozoon suis. As the organism has not been cultured in vitro and is maintained in serial passage in cats in vivo, Candidatus status is proposed for this novel taxon as 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum'.
Mouse HORMAD1 and HORMAD2, Two Conserved Meiotic Chromosomal Proteins, Are Depleted from Synapsed Chromosome Axes with the Help of TRIP13 AAA-ATPase (2009)

Meiotic crossovers are produced when programmed double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired by recombination from homologous chromosomes (homologues). In a wide variety of organisms, meiotic HORMA-domain proteins are required to direct DSB repair towards homologues. This inter-homologue bias is required for efficient homology search, homologue alignment, and crossover formation. HORMA-domain proteins are also implicated in other processes related to crossover formation, including DSB formation, inhibition of promiscuous formation of the synaptonemal complex (SC), and the meiotic prophase checkpoint that monitors both DSB processing and SCs. We examined the behavior of two previously uncharacterized meiosis-specific mouse HORMA-domain proteins--HORMAD1 and HORMAD2--in wild-type mice and in mutants defective in DSB processing or SC formation. HORMADs are preferentially associated with unsynapsed chromosome axes throughout meiotic prophase. We observe a strong negative correlation between SC formation and presence of HORMADs on axes, and a positive correlation between the presumptive sites of high checkpoint-kinase ATR activity and hyper-accumulation of HORMADs on axes. HORMADs are not depleted from chromosomes in mutants that lack SCs. In contrast, DSB formation and DSB repair are not absolutely required for depletion of HORMADs from synapsed axes. A simple interpretation of these findings is that SC formation directly or indirectly promotes depletion of HORMADs from chromosome axes. We also find that TRIP13 protein is required for reciprocal distribution of HORMADs and the SYCP1/SC-component along chromosome axes. Similarities in mouse and budding yeast meiosis suggest that TRIP13/Pch2 proteins have a conserved role in establishing mutually exclusive HORMAD-rich and synapsed chromatin domains in both mouse and yeast. Taken together, our observations raise the possibility that involvement of meiotic HORMA-domain proteins in the regulation of homologue interactions is conserved in mammals.
Peer-to-peer and network-based multimedia bridging architectures (2002)

Two kinds of multimedia conferencing bridging systems are examined: peer-to-peer and network-based bridging architecture. The investigation shows that the network-based system outperforms the peer-to-peer architecture in saving the bandwidth in the access link as well as within the network especially for audio and video. However, peer-to-peer bridging appears to be optimal for data.
The Separation, Physical Characterization, and Differentiation Kinetics of Spermatogonial Cells of the Mouse (1970)

By means of the velocity sedimentation technique for cell separation, single cell suspensions from the testes of the mouse could be separated into at least seven peaks each with a different sedimentation velocity. These were named and characterized as follows: alpha (12 mm/hr); beta (10 mm/hr); gamma (6.5 mm/hr); delta (4.3 mm/hr); theta (broad peak with median 2.5 mm/hr); kappa (1.1 mm/hr); lambda (0.75 mm/hr). Tritiated thymidine was injected into thirty groups of mice. The spermatogonial cells of each group were separated at one hour and then at daily intervals, and the acid insoluble activity of each fraction was measured. This method enabled us to determine the differentiation patterns of mouse spermatogenesis by following the thymidine label with time. It was found that the spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes formed the theta peak with S-phase spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes having a similar sedimentation velocity of 2.1 mm/hr. The beta cells were identified as late pachytenes and diplotene cells, the gamma cells as secondary spermatocytes, the delta cells as earliest spermatids, the kappa cells as spermatids, and the lambda cells as mature spermatozoa.
Centralized Fusion Estimators for Multisensor Systems With Random Sensor Delays, Multiple Packet Dropouts and Uncertain Observations (2012)

For linear discrete-time stochastic systems measured by multiple sensors, where different sensors are subject to mixed uncertainties of random delays, packet dropouts and/or uncertain observations, the centralized fusion linear optimal estimators in the linear minimum variance sense are presented via the innovation analysis approach, which is a general and useful tool to find the optimal linear estimate. The stability of the proposed estimators is analyzed. A sufficient condition for the existence of the centralized fusion steady-state estimators is given. For a single sensor case, the proposed estimators have the simpler forms and the lower computational cost compared to the existing literature, since a lower dimension parameterized system is constructed and the colored noise is avoided. A simulation example verifies the effectiveness of the proposed estimators.
Nitric oxide synthesis and its regulation by rabbit synoviocytes. (1994)

Synoviocytes are a potential source of NO in arthritic joints.
Chemistry and Biology of Resveratrol-Derived Natural Products (2015)

Oligomers as Antioxidants 9020 9.
Obstacle Detection for Small Autonomous Aircraft Using Sky Segmentation (2006)

A vision-based obstacle detection system for small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is presented. Obstacles are detected by segmenting the image into sky and non-sky regions and treating the non-sky regions as obstacles. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by using the vision output to steer a small unmanned aircraft to fly towards an obstacle. The experiment was first verified in a hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation and then successfully implemented on a small modified remote control plane using a large inflatable balloon as the obstacle.
Synthesis of the housefly sex attractant (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the housefly sex attractantRobert L. Cargill and M. G. RosenblumCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 24, 3971Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00797a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00797a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nano SNIS Junctions Fabricated by 3D FIB Sculpting for Application to Digital Electronics (2013)

Overdamped Josephson junctions based on a Nb/Al-AlO <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> /Nb superconductor-normal metal-insulator-superconductor structure were realized at the submicrometer scale by using focused ion beam nano-sculpting technique. This approach represents an alternative solution to the classical electron beam lithography and allows for an accurate control of the junction dimensions. Superconductor-normal metal-insulator-superconductor structured junctions were downscaled to about 300 × 300 nm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and electrically measured at 4.2 K. The simple fabrication process, leading to high current density, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> , and characteristic voltage, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> , values and good uniformity, makes these junctions promising as elementary cell in complex circuits for rapid single flux quantum and ac voltage standard applications.
SIRT1: roles in aging and cancer (2008)

Aging and cancer both occur as a result of accumulated cellular damage, and both are related to the regulation of specific genes in the damage response. Recent research has unveiled connections between the mechanisms of aging and cancer, but how to prevent the development of cancer and increase longevity remain unknown. SIRT1 (the mammalian Sir2), which has NAD(+)-dependent class III histone deacetylase activity, may be a key gene linking the modulation of cancer and aging. SIRT1 has broad biological functions in growth regulation, stress response, tumorigenesis, endocrine signaling, and extended lifespan. Here, we focus on the current knowledge regarding the role of SIRT1 in aging and cancer, and discuss the implications of SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for the optimal balance between anti-aging and anti-cancer activities.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POTENTIAL FUNGICIDAL SILVER NANO-SIZED PARTICLES AND CHITOSAN MEMBRANE CONTAINING SILVER PARTICLES (2009)

Silver nano-sized particles were synthesized with strong antifungal activity against the wood staining fungi Ophiostoma flexuosum, O. tetropii, O. polonicum and O. ips. The average size and purity of the nano-sized particles were determined by scanning electron microscopy and XRD spectra, respectively. The structural characterizations of nano-sized particles were performed using IR spectrum and EDS. Radial diffusion method was carried out to reveal the antifungal activity of silver nano-sized particles on MEA agar plates. Strong fungicidal silver nano-sized particles were mixed with chitosan solution and then the chitosan membrane was prepared by solvent evaporation method. Glutaraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent for membrane preparation. Deacetylation degree, concentration and pH of chitosan were considered as a main factor for preparation of bioactive membrane. The quality and structure of membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermostability of the membranes was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. Synthesized chitosan-glutaraldehyde-Ag membrane was tested against the wood staining fungi on MEA agar plates using inhibition zone method. The results showed that the antifungal activity of chitosan membrane increased with increasing in concentration of silver nano-sized particles. According to our results, synthesized chitosan membrane has been used as a good carrier for silver nano-sized particles in wood industries and these materials could be very efficient substitutions for chemical preservatives currently used to control fungal contamination in wood industries.
Neurotrophic Factors Protect Cortical Synaptic Terminals Against Amyloid- and Oxidative Stress-induced Impairment of Glucose Transport, Glutamate Transport and Mitochondrial Function (2000)

Previous studies have shown that several different neurotrophic factors can prevent death of cortical and hippocampal neurons induced by excitotoxic and oxidative insults in cell culture and in vivo. Because neuronal degeneration may be initiated by alterations occurring in synaptic compartments in disorders ranging from Alzheimer's disease to stroke, we tested the hypothesis that neurotrophic factors can exert direct protective actions at the level of the synapse. We now report that a nine amino acid bioactive fragment of activity-dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF-9) enhances basal glucose and glutamate transport, and attenuates oxidative impairment of glucose and glutamate transport induced by amyloid beta-peptide and Fe(2+), in neocortical synaptosomes. Preservation of transporter function required only short-term (1-2 h) pretreatments. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was also effective in suppressing oxidative impairment of synaptic transporter functions, while nerve growth factor (NGF) was less effective. Additional analyses showed that ADNF-9, bFGF and NGF suppress oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by amyloid beta-peptide and Fe(2+) in synaptosomes. Our data suggest that ADNF-9 can act locally in synaptic compartments to suppress oxidative stress and preserve function of glucose and glutamate transporters. Such synapto-protective actions suggest roles for activity-dependent trophic signaling in preventing degeneration of neuronal circuits, and indicate possible therapeutic applications of agents that stimulate local synaptic (transcription-independent) neurotrophic factor signaling pathways.
A 300,000-mol-wt intermediate filament-associated protein in baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. (1985)

Native intermediate filament (IF) preparations from the baby hamster kidney fibroblastic cell line (BHK-21) contain a number of minor polypeptides in addition to the IF structural subunit proteins desmin, a 54,000-mol-wt protein, and vimentin, a 55,000-mol-wt protein. A monoclonal antibody was produced that reached exclusively with a high molecular weight (300,000) protein representative of these minor proteins. Immunological methods and comparative peptide mapping techniques demonstrated that the 300,000-mol-wt species was biochemically distinct from the 54,000- and 55,000-mol-wt proteins. Double-label immunofluorescence observations on spread BHK cells using this monoclonal antibody and a rabbit polyclonal antibody directed against the 54,000- and 55,000-mol-wt proteins showed that the 300,000-mol-wt species co-distributed with IF in a fibrous pattern. In cells treated with colchicine or those in the early stages of spreading, double-labeling with these antibodies revealed the co-existence of the respective antigens in the juxtanuclear cap of IF that is characteristic of cells in these physiological states. After colchicine removal, or in the late stages of cell spreading, the 300,00-mol-wt species and the IF subunits redistributed to their normal, highly coincident cytoplasmic patterns. Ultrastructural localization by the immunogold technique using the monoclonal antibody supported the light microscopic findings in that the 300,000-mol-wt species was associated with IF in the several physiological and morphological cell states investigated. The gold particle pattern was less intimately associated with IF than that defined by anti-54/55 and was one of non-uniform distribution along IF, being clustered primarily at points of proximity between IF, where an amorphous, proteinaceous material was often the labeled element. Occasionally, "bridges" of label were seen extending outward from such clusters on IF. Gold particles were infrequently bound to microtubules, microfilaments, or other cellular organelles, and when so, IF were usually contiguous. During multiple cycles of in vitro disassembly/assembly of the IF from native preparations, the 300,000-mol-wt protein remained in the fraction containing the 54,000- and 55,000-mol-wt structural subunits, whether the latter were in the soluble state or pelleted as formed filaments. In keeping with the nomenclature developed for the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), the acronym IFAP-300K (intermediate filament associated protein) is proposed for this molecule.
Lactic Bulk Culture System Utilizing Whey-Based Bacteriophage Inhibitory Medium and pH Control. III. Applicability to Cottage Cheese Manufacture (1977)

A phosphated whey medium prepared from fresh cottage cheese whey was as effective as phosphated whey media prepared from Swiss cheese whey in supporting development of lactic cultures.Activity of cultures in the phosphated acid whey medium with pH control was higher than in commercial phage inhibitory media or reconstituted nonfat dry milk without pH control.Cultures propagated in the acid whey medium were used successfully to manufacture cottage cheese.Acid production in the vat was faster and more reliable, and cutting times were shorter than when a conventional medium was used, but the products were comparable.Approximately 80% of the lactose in the culture was consumed compared to 9% in a phosphated acid whey medium not under pH control.
Metal–insulator semiconductor properties of molecular-beam epitaxy grown HgCdTe heterostructures (1990)

By using a new device concept, the limitations of high dark and tunnel currents in metal–insulator semiconductor (MIS) infrared detectors with cutoff wavelengths greater than 10 μm may be reduced. The concept is an MIS device fabricated on an N-isotype heterostructure which consists of a thin (approximately 1 μm) wide-band gap HgCdTe layer on top of a thicker (approximately 5 μm) narrow-band gap HgCdTe layer. The wide-band gap layer increases the tunnel breakdown field and reduces the dark currents of the narrow-band gap detector layer. We report here measurements on this type of device structure which has been fabricated from molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) grown HgCdTe. On one MIS heterostructure with cutoff wavelengths ranging from 9.2 to 11.5 μm a decrease in dark currents by a factor of 2 compared with MIS dark currents in Texas Instrument’s (TI’s) standard solid-state-recrystallized (SSR) HgCdTe is found. In addition the breakdown field for the heterostructure is increased from approximately 0.6 V/μm found in SSR HgCdTe of comparable band gap to 1.4 V/μm. The MIS heterostructure can also be operated as a two-color detector. Along with these results, analysis and interpretation of the data and modeling of the MIS heterostructure design are presented.
The Economics of Director Heterogeneity (2011)

We investigate the potential costs and benefits of firms constituting a heterogeneous pool of directors relative to more homogeneous boards. We measure director heterogeneity along six separate dimensions and divide board heterogeneity into occupational and social components. Our empirical analysis indicates that corporate complexity and managerial control exhibit significant influence on board heterogeneity. Using the heterogeneity of the county population of the firm's headquarters as an instrument, we also find that investors place valuation premiums on heterogeneous boards in complex firms but discount heterogeneity in less complex firms. Overall, our analysis indicates greater heterogeneity may not necessarily improve board efficacy.