gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly collimated broadside emission from room-temperature GaAs distributed Bragg reflector lasers (1977)

Highly collimated laser beams have been observed to be coupled out by second-order Bragg scattering from GaAs distributed Bragg reflector lasers. The beams are perpendicular to the waveguide plane and have an angular width of less than 1°. The diodes have a separate confinement structure and operate at room temperature with thresholds as low as 1.4 kA/cm2.
Optical properties of amorphous tungsten oxide films: Effect of stoichiometry. (2008)

The optical properties of sputter deposited amorphous tungsten oxide films have been measured in-situ during slow electrochemical cycling in a lithium containing electrolyte. Amorphous films exhibit coloration under Li insertion and bleaching under Li extraction. Substoichiometric films show almost reversible optical changes already in the first electrochemical cycle and are completely reversible thereafter. Tungsten oxide films sputtered in a large excess of oxygen were found to be slightly overstoichiometric, as determined by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry. They exhibit irreversible charge transfer and coloration in the first cycle. Thereafter they cannot be completely bleached and exhibit transmittance contrast between coloured and partially bleached states. The irreversible colouration of the stoichiometric films is associated with a feature at 2.6 to 2.9 eV vs. Li in electrochemical measurements. Possible chemical reactions giving rise to this behaviour are discussed.
Identification of MicroRNAs associated with early relapse after nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma patients (2012)

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common neoplasm of adult kidney. One of the important unmet medical needs in RCC is prognostic biomarker enabling identification of patients at high risk of relapse after nephrectomy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a robust regulatory network with posttranscriptional regulatory efficiency for almost one‐half of human coding genes, including oncogenes and tumor suppressors. To identify potential prognostic miRNAs, we analyzed expression profiles in tumors of different prognostic groups of RCC patients. Seventy‐seven patients with clear cell RCC and detailed clinicopathological data were enrolled in a single‐center study. Global miRNA expression profiles were obtained by use of TaqMan Low Density Arrays (754 parallel quantitative reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (qRT‐PCR) reactions). For validation of identified miRNAs individual miRNA TaqMan assays were performed in an independent group of patients. We identified tumor relapse‐signature based on the expression of 64 miRNAs differentially expressed between relapse‐free RCC patients and RCC patients who developed relapse (20 miRNAs were increased, 44 miRNAs were decreased). In the validation phase of the study, we successfully confirmed that expression levels of miR‐143, miR‐26a, miR‐145, miR‐10b, miR‐195, and miR‐126 are lower in the tumors of RCC patients who developed tumor relapse, moreover, the lowest levels of these miRNAs we observed in primary metastatic tumors. By using Kaplan–Meier analysis, we identified that miR‐127‐3p, miR‐145, and miR‐126 are significantly correlated with relapse‐free survival of nonmetastatic RCC patients. If further validated, we suggest that identified miRNAs might be used for identification of RCC patients at high risk of early relapse after nephrectomy in clinical practice. © 2012 Wiley‐Periodicals, Inc.
Numerical inversion of Laplace transform (1969)

An explicit formula for the inversion of the Laplace transform is derived. The formula permits the inverse to be readily evaluated numerically.
Precise pointing target recognition for human-robot interaction (2010)

This work presents a person independent pointing gesture recognition application. It uses simple but effective features for the robust tracking of the head and the hand of the user in an undefined environment. The application is able to detect if the tracking is lost and can be reinitialized automatically. The pointing gesture recognition accuracy is improved by the proposed fingertip detection algorithm and by the detection of the width of the face. The experimental evaluation with eight different subjects shows that the overall average pointing gesture recognition rate of the system for distances up to 250 cm (head to pointing target) is 86.63% (with a distance between objects of 23 cm). Considering just frontal pointing gestures for distances up to 250 cm the gesture recognition rate is 90.97% and for distances up to 194 cm even 95.31%. The average error angle is 7.28◦.
Single‐fraction radiation therapy in patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (2015)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive, polyomavirus-associated cancer with limited therapeutic options for metastatic disease. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is associated with high response rates, but responses are seldom durable and toxicity is considerable. Here, we report our experience with palliative single-fraction radiotherapy (SFRT) in patients with metastatic MCC. We conducted retrospective analyses of safety and efficacy outcomes in patients that received SFRT (8 Gy) to MCC metastases between 2010 and 2013. Twenty-six patients were treated with SFRT to 93 MCC tumors located in diverse sites that included skin, lymph nodes, and visceral organs. Objective responses were observed in 94% of the measurable irradiated tumors (86/92). Complete responses were observed in 45% of tumors (including bulky tumors up to 16 cm). "In field" lesion control was durable with no progression in 77% (69/89) of treated tumors during median follow-up of 277 days among 16 living patients. Clinically significant toxicity was seen in only two patients who had transient side effects. An exploratory analysis suggested a higher rate of in-field progression in patients with an immunosuppressive comorbidity or prior recent chemotherapy versus those without (30% and 9%, respectively; P = 0.03). Use of SFRT in palliating MCC patients was associated with an excellent in field control rate and durable responses at treated sites, and with minimal toxicity. SFRT may represent a convenient and appealing alternative to systemic chemotherapy for palliation, for which most patients with oligometastatic MCC are eligible. SFRT may also synergize with emerging systemic immune stimulants by lowering tumor burden and enhancing presentation of viral/tumor antigens.
<i>In Situ</i>Characterization of the Degradation of PLGA Microspheres in Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels by Optical Coherence Tomography (2009)

The polymeric implant material poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) degrades by a process of bulk degradation, which allows it to be used for the controlled release of therapeutic molecules from implants and microspheres. The temporal characterization of PLGA microsphere degradation has been limited by the need to destructively monitor the samples at each time point. In this study, a noninvasive imaging technology, optical coherence tomography (OCT), was utilized to characterize the in situ degradation of PLGA microspheres suspended within photo-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels. Microspheres with differing degradation rates were loaded with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a marker protein, and temporal release of protein was correlated with morphological changes observed during 3-D OCT imaging. As proof-of-principle, a microsphere-loaded hydrogel scaffold was implanted in a modified rat calvarial critical size defect model and imaged using OCT. This animal model presents the opportunity to monitor microsphere degradation over time in living animals.
An amplified femtosecond laser system for material micro-/nanostructuring with an integrated Raman microscope (2010)

In order to obtain new insights into laser-induced chemical material modifications, we introduce a novel combined approach of femtosecond pulsed laser-direct writing and in situ Raman microscopy within a single experimental apparatus. A newly developed scanning microscope, the first of its kind, provides a powerful tool for micro-/nanomachining and characterization of material properties and allows us to relate materials' functionality with composition. We address the issues of light delivery to the photomodification site and show the versatility of the system using tight focusing. Amplified femtosecond pulses are generated by a Ti:sapphire laser oscillator and a chirped-pulse regenerative amplifier, both pumped by a diode-pumped frequency doubled neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO(4)) laser operating at 532 nm. Results of Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy images of femtosecond laser micro-/nanomachining on the surface and in the bulk of single-crystal diamond obtained from first trials of this instrument are also presented. This effective combination could help to shed light on the influence of the local structure fluctuations on controllability of the laser processing and the role of the irradiation in the ablation processes ruling out possible imprecisions coming from the use of the two independent techniques.
Use of Alprazolam for Relief of Tinnitus: A Double-blind Study (1993)

Alprazolam is a drug that will provide therapeutic relief for some patients with tinnitus. Regulation of the prescribed dosage of alprazolam is important since individuals differ considerably in sensitivity to this medication.
Optical Constants of Transition Metals in the Infrared* (1966)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. P. Lenham and D. M. Treherne, "Optical Constants of Transition Metals in the Infrared*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 1137-1138 (1966) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Method for the electrospray ionization of highly conductive aqueous solutions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethod for the electrospray ionization of highly conductive aqueous solutionsSwapan K. Chowdhury and Brian T. ChaitCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 15, 1660–1664Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00015a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00015a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views557Altmetric-Citations113LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Phase II Study (FINDER 2) Comparing Three Dosing Regimens of Fulvestrant in Postmenopausal Women with Estrogen Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer. (2009)

Abstract Background: The Faslodex Investigation of Dose evaluation in Estrogen Receptor-positive (ER+) advanced breast cancer (FINDER) 2 study investigated the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of 3 fulvestrant dosing regimens in postmenopausal women with ER+ advanced breast cancer, recurring/progressing after prior endocrine therapy.Objectives: Primary: to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary included assessment of: time to progression (TTP), clinical benefit rate (CBR), duration of response (DOR), tolerability, and PK parameters.Methods: This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, Phase II study, evaluated patients (pts) randomized 1:1:1 to different doses of fulvestrant: 250 mg (approved dose [AD]; given on Days 0, 28 and every 28 days thereafter), 250 mg plus loading dose (LD; 500 mg on Day 0, then 250 mg on Days 14, 28 and every 28 days thereafter), and 500 mg (high dose [HD]; Days 0, 14 and 28 and every 28 days thereafter). Treatment continued until disease progression, or until any other criterion for discontinuation was met.Results: In total, 144 pts were randomized from 34 centers in 8 countries and 143 received treatment: fulvestrant AD (n=47); LD (n=50); HD (n=46). ORRs were: 8.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-20.4%), 5.9% (1.2-16.2%), and 15.2% (6.3-28.9%) in the AD, LD, and HD arms, respectively. CBRs were: 31.9% (95% CI 19.1-47.1%), 47.1% (32.9-61.5%), and 47.8% (32.9-63.1%) for the AD, LD, and HD arms, respectively. Median TTP was numerically longer for the HD (6.0 months) and LD (6.1 months) arms vs the AD arm (3.1 months). The low number of responders in all treatment arms prevented DOR assessment. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was similar in all groups (76.6% AD, 72.0% LD, 69.6% HD); few pts experienced serious AEs (4 pts AD, 9 LD, 4 HD) with no clustering of event type. AEs with an incidence of ≥10% (in any arm) were back pain, arthralgia, fatigue, injection-site pain, nausea, dyspnea, cough, and hot flash. Concentrations in the AD arm approached steady state in the 3rd month of dosing and within the 1st month for LD and HD. Exposure (AUC, Cmin and Cmax) appeared to be linear across the dose range studied and, for the 250mg arms, similar to that previously reported in Western populations (Studies 9238IL/0020 & 0021).Conclusion: No statistically significant differences in efficacy could be proven between AD, LD and HD given the widely overlapping CIs for median TTP. The tolerability profile was similar across the three dosing regimens. Steady-state concentrations were achieved earlier with LD and HD. A parallel study in Japanese pts will be used for comparisons of fulvestrant efficacy and tolerability in Japanese and non-Japanese pts. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4095.
A 4-MHz CMOS continuous-time filter with on-chip automatic tuning (1988)

A third-order elliptic low-pass continuous-time filter with a 4-MHz cutoff frequency, integrated in a 3- mu m p-well CMOS process, is presented. The design procedure is based on the direct simulation of a doubly terminated LC ladder filter by capacitors and fully balanced, current-controlled transconductance amplifiers with extended linear range. The on-chip automatic tuning circuit uses a phase-locked loop implemented with an 8.5-MHz controlled oscillator that matches a specific two-integrator loop of the filter. The complete circuit features 70-dB dynamic range (THD<-50 dB) and consumes only 16 mW from +or-2.5-V supplies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prothrombin time derived fibrinogen determination on Sysmex CA-6000. (1998)

It is unsafe to use the PT derived fibrinogen for patient monitoring owing to non-uniform variability in response to clinical status and reagent employed; however, it may prove to be a useful screening test in a research environment for estimating fibrinogen levels among defined patient groups.
Formation of poly(ethylene ether carbonate) diols: proposed mechanism and kinetic analysis (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of poly(ethylene ether carbonate) diols: proposed mechanism and kinetic analysisRobson F. Storey and Douglas C. HoffmanCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 20, 5369–5382Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00046a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00046a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views849Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Flexible micro-spring interconnects for high performance probing (2002)

Advances in integrated circuit fabrication have given rise to a need for an innovative, inexpensive, yet reliable probing technology with ultra-fine pitch capability. Research teams at Georgia Tech, Xerox PARC, and Nanonexus, Inc. are developing flexible micro-spring structures that can far exceed the packaging and probing needs of the next-generation microelectronic devices. Highly compliant cantilevered springs have been fabricated at pitches as small as 6 /spl mu/m. These micro-springs are designed to accommodate topological variation in probing surfaces while flexing within the elastic regime. The micro-springs have demonstrated reliable electrical contact and mechanical ruggedness. Non-linear finite element models have been developed to understand the deformation of a micro-spring under mechanical loading. Through the models, the probing force versus displacement relation for a spring as well as the internal stress distribution have been determined. Design guidelines have been established to maximize probing force.
Live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine (2012)

Annual vaccination is the most effective means of preventing and controlling influenza epidemics, and the traditional trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) is by far the most widely used. Unfortunately, it has a number of limitations, the most important of which is its poor immunogenicity in younger children and the elderly, the populations at greatest risk of severe influenza. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has characteristics that can overcome some of these limitations. It does not have to be injected because it is administered intranasally. It is very effective in children and adolescents, among whom it prevents significantly more cases of influenza than the traditional TIV. However, its efficacy in adults has not been adequately documented, which is why it has not been licensed for use by adults by the European health authorities. LAIV is safe and well tolerated by children aged > 2 y and adults, but some concerns arisen regarding its safety in younger children and subjects with previous asthma or with recurrent wheezing. Further studies are needed to solve these problems and to evaluate the possible role of LAIV in the annual vaccination of the general population.
Real-time monitoring of patients on remote sites (2002)

In this paper, we present a real-time patient monitoring system, which enables medical doctors to watch their patients on a remote site, to monitor their vital signs and to give them some advice for first-aid treatments. The system consists of three service objects: Monitoring Information Service (MIS), Vital Sign Monitoring Service (VSMS) and Multimedia Consulting Service (MCS). Through the MIS, medical doctors can get information about the patients currently under monitoring, including their names, ages, genders, symptoms, current main complaints and current locations. The VSMS enables medical doctors to monitor in real-time patients' vital signs such as electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration, temperature, blood oxygen saturation (SpO/sub 2/), invasive blood pressure (IBP), and non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP). It also generates alarms when the patients are likely to be in a critical situation. The MCS provides a real-time multimedia desktop conferencing facility for watching patients and instructing attendants to administer some first-aid treatment. We carried out some experiments according to two different scenarios. The intensive patient monitoring service was functioning well in a 100 Base-T Ethernet LAN environment.
Porous TiO<sub>2</sub>hollow spheres by liquid phase deposition on polystyrene latex-stabilised Pickering emulsions (2004)

Hollow TiO2-composite spheres in the size range of 50–150 µm were prepared by liquid phase deposition on template assemblies of self-organised PS latex particles. These assemblies spontaneously formed on the surface of octanol droplets in an oil-in-water emulsion, the overall process resembling the stages of natural biomineralisation. The TiO2–polymer composite capsules were converted into highly porous inorganic spheres by dissolution of the PS template particles and calcination at various temperatures. Removal of the organic template was monitored by DTA/TGA and He-pycnometry. The microstructure of the TiO2 films was characterised by nitrogen sorption and XRD measurements. The calcination temperature dependence of the photocatalytic activity of the hollow spheres was assessed by UV induced degradation of DCA. High photocatalytic activity was observed after calcination at 200 °C due to a high specific surface area of the film and the formation of micropores and mesopores in the size range <4 nm. Calcination at higher temperatures leads to the formation of larger mesopores and a drop in the photocatalytic activity due to a decrease in specific surface area and the disappearance of pores <4 nm. A major fraction of the deposited film consists of crystalline TiO2 in anatase modification. Further crystallisation and crystal growth at higher calcination temperatures has only minor influence on the photocatalytic activity.
Cooperative expression of junctional adhesion molecule‐C and ‐B supports growth and invasion of glioma (2009)

Brain invasion is a biological hallmark of glioma that contributes to its aggressiveness and limits the potential of surgery and irradiation. Deregulated expression of adhesion molecules on glioma cells is thought to contribute to this process. Junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) include several IgSF members involved in leukocyte trafficking, angiogenesis, and cell polarity. They are expressed mainly by endothelial cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Here, we report JAM-C expression by human gliomas, but not by their normal cellular counterpart. This expression correlates with the expression of genes involved in cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration. These genes, identified by a transcriptomic approach, include poliovirus receptor and cystein-rich 61, both known to promote glioma invasion, as well as actin filament associated protein, a c-Src binding partner. Gliomas also aberrantly express JAM-B, a high affinity JAM-C ligand. Their interaction activates the c-Src proto-oncogene, a central upstream molecule in the pathways regulating cell migration and invasion. In the tumor microenvironment, this co-expression may thus promote glioma invasion through paracrine stimuli from both tumor cells and endothelial cells. Accordingly, JAM-C/B blocking antibodies impair in vivo glioma growth and invasion, highlighting the potential of JAM-C and JAM-B as new targets for the treatment of human gliomas.