gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Dynamic Channel Allocation Algorithm in Multibeam Satellite Systems (2018)

Dynamic channel allocation (DCA) is the key technology to efficiently utilize the spectrum resources and decrease the co-channel interference for multibeam satellite systems. Most works allocate the channel on the basis of the beam traffic load or the user terminal distribution of the current moment. These greedy-like algorithms neglect the intrinsic temporal correlation among the sequential channel allocation decisions, resulting in the spectrum resources underutilization. To solve this problem, a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based DCA (DRL-DCA) algorithm is proposed. Specifically, the DCA optimization problem, which aims at minimizing the service blocking probability, is formulated in the multibeam satellite systems. Due to the temporal correlation property, the DCA optimization problem is modeled as the Markov decision process (MDP) which is the dominant analytical approach in DRL. In modeled MDP, the system state is reformulated into an image-like fashion, and then, convolutional neural network is used to extract useful features. Simulation results show that the DRL-DCA algorithm can decrease the blocking probability and improve the carried traffic and spectrum efficiency compared with other channel allocation algorithms.
INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES AS OPTICALLY EFFECTIVE ADDITIVES FOR POLYMERS (2008)

The transparency of polymer-particle composites can be markedly enhanced when nanoparticles are employed instead of larger particles, due to a reduction in light scattering. In addition, nanoparticles of metals (e.g., gold or silver) or semiconductors (e.g., TiO2, ZnO, or PbS) can exhibit intrinsic optical properties that may be of interest per se or in combination with the enhanced transparency caused by the nanoparticles. For such reasons, inorganic nanoparticles have found special interest in studies devoted to optical properties in composites that look back to a long history. For instance, the size-dependent color of gold nanoparticles has been used to color glass for centuries. More recently, inorganic nanoparticles were investigated with regard to optical effects in polymeric nanocomposites such as very high or very low refractive index, reversible color switching in elastomers via swelling processes, dichroism in oriented polymers, reversible photochromic behavior, or UV absorption in visually transparent materials.
Sacral nerve stimulation in patients with faecal incontinence (2012)

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique with high success rates and few complications for the treatment of faecal incontinence (FI). It is now considered the first-line surgical option for FI in the UK and has been recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) since 2007. The ultimate aim of all FI treatments is to improve quality of life (QoL). In this article, Noel Thin, Charles Knowles and Marion Allison review the current literature on the effectiveness of SNS in improving QoL and the different measures used to assess this, focusing on outcomes in the medium (12–36 months) and long-term (over 36 months). The congruence and use of QoL measures in the evaluation of success within the present literature is also assessed.
Foil thickness measurements from convergent-beam diffraction patterns (1981)

Abstract The analysis of convergent-beam electron diffraction patterns for foil thickness is easily carried out in the two-beam approximation to dynamical diffraction theory. The effects of this approximation on the accuracy of foil thickness determinations are considered, as well as the range of thicknesses which can be measured with the technique. Inaccuracies due to multiple-beam effects are minimized by avoiding diffracting conditions involving low-order reflections. For 100 keV electron energy, errors of less than 2% in thickness determination are possible in Al, Cu and Au, if the diffraction vector g is equal to or larger than 200, 220 or 311 respectively. The minimum thickness measurable for these materials diminishes as |g| increases, but is approximately 20 nm for the lower-order reflections. The maximum thickness measurable is limited by absorption, and is estimated for Al, Cu and Au to be approximately 600, 130 and 40 nm respectively.
Differential Roles of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in Regulating Leukocyte Viability and Cytokine Secretion (2008)

Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) exhibit profound but unique immunomodulatory activities in animals but their molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Early studies suggested that Gal-1 inhibits leukocyte function by inducing apoptotic cell death and removal, but recent studies show that some galectins induce exposure of the common death signal phosphatidylserine (PS) independently of apoptosis. In this study, we report that Gal-3, but not Gal-1, induces both PS exposure and apoptosis in primary activated human T cells, whereas both Gal-1 and Gal-3 induce PS exposure in neutrophils in the absence of cell death. Gal-1 and Gal-3 bind differently to the surfaces of T cells and only Gal-3 mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ in these cells, although Gal-1 and Gal-3 bind their respective T cell ligands with similar affinities. Although Gal-1 does not alter T cell viability, it induces IL-10 production and attenuates IFN-gamma production in activated T cells, suggesting a mechanism for Gal-1-mediated immunosuppression in vivo. These studies demonstrate that Gal-1 and Gal-3 induce differential responses in T cells and neutrophils, and identify the first factor, Gal-3, capable of inducing PS exposure with or without accompanying apoptosis in different leukocytes, thus providing a possible mechanism for galectin-mediated immunomodulation in vivo.
O HÁBITO DE LER: DE CASA PARA A SALA DE AULA (2015)

Este artigo pretende refletir sobre a definicao do termo leitura, considerando a distincao entre diversos tipos de leitura. Considera o significado de normas culta e popular, alem da importância das funcoes da linguagem. Analisa, por ultimo, a importância do habito da leitura, tanto em casa quanto na sala de aula, a fim de discutir por que o leitor deve ler criticamente.
TV as a human interface for Ambient Intelligence environments (2011)

One of the challenges that Ambient Intelligent (AmI) faces is the provision of a usable interaction concept to its users, especially for those with less technical background. In this paper, we describe a new approach to integrate interactive services provided by an AmI environment with the television set, which is one of the most used interaction client in the home environment. An implementation of this approach has been carried out as a multimodal/multi purpose natural human computer interface for elderly people, by creating adapted graphical user interfaces and navigation menus together with multimodal interaction (simplified TV remote control and voice interaction). In addition, this user interface can also be suited to other user groups. We have tested a prototype that adapts the videoconference and the information service with a group of 83 users. The results from the user tests show that the group found the prototype to be both satisfactory and efficient to use.
CO<sub>2</sub> Mineralization—Bridge Between Storage and Utilization of CO<sub>2</sub> (2013)

CO2 mineralization comprises a chemical reaction between suitable minerals and the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. The CO2 is effectively sequestered as a carbonate, which is stable on geological timescales. In addition, the variety of materials that can be produced through mineralization could find applications in the marketplace, which makes implementation of the technology more attractive. In this article, we review recent developments and assess the current status of the CO2 mineralization field. In an outlook, we briefly describe a few mineralization routes, which upon further development have the potential to be implemented on a large scale.
Microservices validation: Mjolnirr platform case study (2015)

Microservice architecture is a cloud application design pattern that implies that the application is divided into a number of small independent services, each of which is responsible for implementing of a certain feature. The need for continuous integration of developed and/or modified microservices in the existing system requires a comprehensive validation of individual microservices and their co-operation as an ensemble with other microservices. In this paper, we would provide an analysis of existing methods of cloud applications testing and identify features that are specific to the microservice architecture. Based on this analysis, we will try to propose a validation methodology of the microservice systems.
Integration of Multiple Organic Light Emitting Diodes and a Lens for Emission Angle Control (2008)

We propose to integrate a single lens on top of multiple OLEDs. Angular distribution of the light emitted from the lens surface is altered by turning on the OLEDs selectively. We can use such a light source as a backlight for a liquid crystal display to switch its viewing angle range and/or to display multiple images in different directions. Pixel-level integration would allow one to construct an OLED display with a similar emission angle control.
Learning an Invariant Hilbert Space for Domain Adaptation (2017)

This paper introduces a learning scheme to construct a Hilbert space (i.e., a vector space along its inner product) to address both unsupervised and semi-supervised domain adaptation problems. This is achieved by learning projections from each domain to a latent space along the Mahalanobis metric of the latent space to simultaneously minimizing a notion of domain variance while maximizing a measure of discriminatory power. In particular, we make use of the Riemannian optimization techniques to match statistical properties (e.g., first and second order statistics) between samples projected into the latent space from different domains. Upon availability of class labels, we further deem samples sharing the same label to form more compact clusters while pulling away samples coming from different classes. We extensively evaluate and contrast our proposal against state-of-the-art methods for the task of visual domain adaptation using both handcrafted and deep-net features. Our experiments show that even with a simple nearest neighbor classifier, the proposed method can outperform several state-of-the-art methods benefitting from more involved classification schemes.
L1 Carrier Phase Multipath Error Reduction Using MEDLL Technology (1995)

In single frequency (Ll) GPS receivers, multipath is the
dominant error source in differential carrier phase and
pseudorange measurements. Consequently, it is the
dominant error effecting DGPS positioning accuracy.
The Multipath Estimating Delay Lock Loop (MEDLL) is
a method for mitigating the effects due to multipath
within the receiver tracking loops. The MEDLL does
this by separating the incoming signal into its line-of-
sight and multipath components. Using the line-of-sight
component, the unbiased measurements of code and
carrier phase can be made.
In previous papers, the authors have demonstrated
MEDLL performance in mitigating the effects of
multipath on C/A code pseudorange measurements.
Also, they have shown that it is possible to use the
MEDLL derived parameters to calculate a multipath
error correction for the carrier phase measurements.
This carrier phase multipath correction has now been
implemented in NovAtel’s MEDLL receiver.
Using a GPS signal simulator, the carrier phase
performance of the MEDLL receiver for a single
multipath and a multiple multipath case was compared to
a standard phase lock loop. The results showed the
MEDLL receiver was able to substantially reduce the
carrier phase multipath errors as compared to a standard
NovAtel receiver.
White electroluminescence from a poly(N-vinylcarbazole) layer doped with CdSe/CdS core–shell quantum dots (2006)

Hybrid organic/inorganic white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated of semiconductor polymer poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) doped with CdSe/CdS core–shell semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). The device, with a structure of indium–tin-oxide (ITO)|3,4-polyethylene–dioxythiophene–polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)|PVK:CdSe/CdS|Al, emitted a pure white light spanning the whole visible region from 400 to 800 nm. The Commission Internationale del'Eclairage coordinates (CIE) remained at x = 0.33,y = 0.34 at wide applied voltages. The maximum brightness and electroluminescence (EL) efficiency reached 180 cd m−2 at 19 V and 0.21 cd A−1 at current density of 2 mA cm−2, respectively. The realization of the pure white light emission is attributed to the incomplete energy and charge transfer from PVK to CdSe/CdS core–shell QDs.
Neural network data fusion concepts and application (1990)

A neural network data fusion decision system and the accompanying experimental results obtained from joint sensor data are presented. The decisions include detection and correct classification of space object maneuvers simultaneously observed by two radars of different aspect, frequency, and resolution. The system consists of a statistically-based adaptive preprocessor for each sensor, followed by a highly parallel neural network for associating the preprocessor outputs with the appropriate decisions. The preprocessing approach, supported by a signal decomposition theorem, recursively models the detrended sensor data as an autoregressive process of sufficiently high order. This approach also accommodates nonstationary data by incorporating an information-theoretic transition detector which identifies the segments of near-stationary data. Together, feature vectors are produced over near-stationary segments of data which are scale invariant, translation invariant, and normalized and represent sufficient statistics. Subsequently, the feature vectors arising from the sensor preprocessors are collectively associated with the correct output decision. The association is conducted by a multilayer perceptron neural network associative memory employing a modified learning algorithm which converges at a rate comparable to that of conventional algorithms, yet requires less computation
Analysis of Pump Station Remote Monitoring System Based on Comet Technology (2014)

In recent years, the flood disaster in southern China more, at the condition of pumping station operation will directly decide the quality of drainage effect. The use of network, multimedia and remote monitoring technology can be real-time monitoring of the operation of the pumping station, which is very important for the normal operation of pumping station. Result of Comet belongs to the digital era, it can regularly update the Web interface, so that not only large amounts of data can be timely appear, but also effective for data transmission, improve the running efficiency of pump station system.
Optimal offline compensation of shape shrinkage for three-dimensional printing processes (2014)

Dimensional accuracy is a key control issue in direct three-dimensional (3D) printing. Part shrinkage due to material phase changes often leads to deviations in the final shape, requiring extra post-machining steps for correction. Shrinkage has traditionally been analyzed through finite element simulation and experimental investigations. Systematic models for accuracy control through shrinkage compensation are rarely available, particularly for complete control of all local features. To fill the gap for direct printing and compensate for shape shrinkage, this article develops a new approach to (i) model and predict part shrinkage and (ii) derive an optimal shrinkage compensation plan to achieve dimensional accuracy. The developed approach is demonstrated both analytically and experimentally in a stereolithography process, one of the most widely employed 3D printing techniques. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed compensation approach to achieve an improvement of an order of magnitude in the reduction of geometric errors for cylindrical products.
SurfactantAided SurfaceEnhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopic Study of Some Anionic Dye Molecules (1996)

Attempts to observe surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) or surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) of Eosin B, Evans Blue and Cu(II)PCS dyes using radiation from an argon ion laser 514 and 457 nm for excitation failed. However, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a cationic surfactant such as dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, the dye molecules exhibit the SERRS effect. UV–visible spectroscopy was found to be useful to understand better the activation behavior of the surfactants. From the UV–visible spectroscopic data, it is noted that the surfactant molecules cause aggregation of silver sols and interact with the dye molecules. The primary requirements for the surfactant to activate the surface-enhanced Raman (SER) effect of the anionic dye are the positive charge and the carbon chain length of the surfactant. Such a surfactant activation makes possible the observation of SER spectra of molecules which are not SERS-active under normal conditions.
A Data Warehouse Approach for Business Intelligence (2019)

In a cloud based data warehouse (DW), business users can access and query data from multiple sources and geographically distributed places. Business analysts and decision makers are counting on DWs especially for data analysis and reporting. Temporal and spatial data are two factors that affect seriously decision-making and marketing strategies and many applications require modelling and special treatment of these kinds of data since they cannot be treated efficiently within a conventional multidimensional database. One main application domain of spatiotemporal data warehousing is telecommunication industry, which is rapidly dominated by massive volume of data. In this paper, a DW schema modelling approach is proposed which integrate in a unified manner temporal and spatial data in a general data warehousing framework. Temporal and spatial data integration becomes more important as the volume and sharing of data grows. The aim of this research work is to facilitate the understanding, querying and management of spatiotemporal data for on-line analytical processing (OLAP). The proposed new spatiotemporal DW schema extends OLAP queries for supporting spatial and temporal queries. A case study is developed and implemented for the telecommunication industry.
Large-scale ultraflat nanopatterned surfaces without template residues (2008)

Ultraflat surfaces are required for many studies of single molecules, and the need for both a wide choice of surface materials and the ability to pattern these surfaces has led to the development of different template-stripping approaches. The fabrication of nanopatterned ultraflat surfaces is particularly challenging, because more than one material is present in the surface. We demonstrate a new template-stripping strategy that allows us to fabricate large-area nanopatterned surfaces, solving the problem of incomplete template removal by introducing a sacrificial carbon layer and a sandwich structure for the template. The thin residual carbon film transferred from the template is removed from the nanopatterned surface by dry etching, as demonstrated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and, for metal nanoparticles embedded in a glass surface, by a shift in the absorption of the localized surface plasmon resonance. We show that gold nanoparticles in a glass surface can be selectively functionalized with thiols yielding about 2 nm height increase. Atomic force microscopy and localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy both indicate that the nanoparticle shape is preserved well.
[Development of arbekacin and synthesis of new derivatives stable to enzymatic modifications by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus]. (1994)

Our studies on the resistance mechanisms and chemical modifications of aminoglycoside antibiotics led to the synthesis of arbekacin (ABK), which was refractory to most aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in resistant bacteria. In 1990, ABK was launched into clinical uses in Japan as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By 1993 only a few MRSA strains moderately resistant to ABK (MIC, 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml) had clinically been isolated. ABK was modified by the reaction with an excess of an enzyme preparation extracted from an ABK-resistant strain (12.5 micrograms/ml) and three inactivated products were produced, consisting mainly of ABK 2''-phosphate along with small amounts of 6'-N-acetyl-ABK and the doubly modified ABK. Based on these results, replacement of the 2''-hydroxyl by amino group in dibekacin (DKB) or in ABK was designed to obtain potent active derivatives against MRSA. Conversion of the 2''-hydroxyl group by DMSO-DCC oxidation followed by reductive amination with NH4OAc-NaBH3CN gave 2''-amino-2''-deoxy-DKB (D1) and -ABK (A1). Their 5-deoxy (D2 and A2), 5-epifluoro (D3 and A3) and 5-epiamino (D4 and A4) derivatives were also synthesized. All 2''-amino-2''-deoxy-ABK derivatives (A1, A2, A3 and A4) showed excellent activities against MRSA and Gram-negative bacteria, as expected. Among them, A4 having low acute toxicity and nephrotoxicity was selected as a new candidate for anti-MRSA agent.
Biology, Yield loss and Control of Sclerotinia Stem Rot of Soybean (2012)

Sclerotinia stem rot (also known as white mold) of soybean is a significant yield-limiting problem in the North Central production region. This disease, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, varies in incidence and severity from year to year because of its sensitivity to weather conditions. Losses because of Sclerotinia stem rot can be substantial when environmental conditions and management practices favor high yield potential. Employing a disease management plan based on knowledge of field history and best disease management practices can help reduce losses from Sclerotinia stem rot. An effective disease management plan integrates several management tactics that include cultural practices, varietal resistance, as well as chemical and biological control. Understanding how different environmental variables and management practices influence infection by S. sclerotiorum and disease development are important to optimize disease management and reduce losses. This profile summarizes research-based knowledge of Sclerotinia stem rot, including the disease cycle, the scope of the losses that can occur because of this disease, how to identify both the pathogen S. sclerotiorum and the disease, and current management recommendations.
Near-infrared Measurement of Cerebral Oxygenation (1995)

Near-infrared measurements reflect changes in cerebral oxygenation as indicated by electroencephalographic evidence of cerebral ischemia.
Launching a National Campaign in Support of School Music Education (2003)

The Music Council of Australia, with partners ASME and the Australian Music Association, is soon to launch a long-term national campaign in support of music making. It will have three main objectives: 1. increased provision of music education in schools 2. increased music making in communities, all types of music, for all ages 3. more support to the above from governments and bureaucracies. This session will be the first public presentation in a campaign intended to have a major impact nationally. It will describe the planning to date and seek opinions and ideas from the ASME members present to help in campaign design and goals.