gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progress and Perspectives of Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction on Copper in Aqueous Electrolyte (2019)

To date, copper is the only heterogeneous catalyst that has shown a propensity to produce valuable hydrocarbons and alcohols, such as ethylene and ethanol, from electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (CO<sub>2</sub>R). There are variety of factors that impact CO<sub>2</sub>R activity and selectivity, including the catalyst surface structure, morphology, composition, the choice of electrolyte ions and pH, and the electrochemical cell design. Many of these factors are often intertwined, which can complicate catalyst discovery and design efforts. Here we take a broad and historical view of these different aspects and their complex interplay in CO<sub>2</sub>R catalysis on Cu, with the purpose of providing new insights, critical evaluations, and guidance to the field with regard to research directions and best practices. First, we describe the various experimental probes and complementary theoretical methods that have been used to discern the mechanisms by which products are formed, and next we present our current understanding of the complex reaction networks for CO<sub>2</sub>R on Cu. We then analyze two key methods that have been used in attempts to alter the activity and selectivity of Cu: nanostructuring and the formation of bimetallic electrodes. Finally, we offer some perspectives on the future outlook for electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>R.
[Morphometric and stereometric analysis of the masticatory muscles in cases of progeny]. (2009)

The data of microscopic and ultramicroscopric analysis of the muscles of mastication were presented of 12 male patients with progeny. There were determined differentiating peculiarities of muscles fibers of masseter and medial pterygoid in cases of progeny. The results of comperative analysis showed some decreasing of muscular quota and increasing connective tissue's quota; some decreasing muscular fibers' diameters and quantity of blood capillaries; some increasing muscular fibers type I in the muscles of mastication in progeny cases.
IMMUNO‐MAGNETIC BEAD MASS TRANSPORT AND CAPTURE EFFICIENCY AT LOW TARGET CELL DENSITIES IN PHOSPHATE‐BUFFERED SALINE<sup>1</sup> (2002)

Anti‐salmonella immuno‐magnetic bead (IMB) capture efficiency (E) was determined by varying both IMB levels ([IMB]) and mixing time (T MIX ) and enumerating captured Salmonella enteritidis cells. We observed that E varied with T MIX as a Pseudo‐first order process with a rate constant (K) of 0.028 ± 0.001 min ‐1 and an infinite T MIX asymptote of 0.97 (97% capture). Thus, even at low target cell densities ([S. E.] ± 70 CFU mL ‐1 ), nearly 100% of the bacteria were captured as T MIX approached 2 h. We hypothesize that k is the product of both IMB mass transport (γ) and IMB concentration ([IMB]) terms. Thus, γ represents the total volume which each IMB samples per unit time of mixing. This idea appears reasonable as γ(3.2 ± 0.2 × 10 ‐9 mL min ‐1 IMB ‐1 ), determined from E‐based observations at various [IMB] levels (˜10 6 −10 8 IMB mL ‐1 ) and fixed T MIX (30 min), was nearly identical to γ(3.5 ± 0.1 × 10 ‐9 mL min ‐1 IMB ‐1 ) derived kinetically (T MIX = 0–120 min; [IMB] = 8 × 10 6 IMBs mL ‐1 ). Estimating a mass transport term (γ CALC ) founded on classical dynamics we obtained a value 5.3 × 10 ‐10 mL min ‐1 IMB ‐1 whereupon γ CALC and γ would have completely agreed were the IMB radius (r IMB = 1.4 μm) 0.8 μm larger. The apparent discrepancy in r IMB might be explained by a greater effective (hydrodynamic) r IMB which could result from some combination of IMB swelling and brownian motion. These results argue that IMB‐based target cell capture is modulated by IMB mass transport and collision probability.
The year 2000 (1997)

article Free Access Share on The year 2000 Author: Georges Brigham APL Group, Wilton, CT APL Group, Wilton, CTView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 40Issue 5May 1997 pp 113–115https://doi.org/10.1145/253769.253808Published:01 May 1997Publication History 2citation229DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads229Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Neuronopathic lysosomal storage diseases: Clinical and pathologic findings (2013)

CNS signs and symptoms are variable and related to the disease-specific underlying pathogenesis. LAS dysfunction leads to diverse global cellular consequences in the CNS ranging from specific axonal and dendritic abnormalities to neuronal death. Pathogenic mechanisms for disease progression vary from impaired autophagy, massive storage, regional involvement, to end-stage inflammation. Some of these features are also found in adult neurodegenerative disorders, for example, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Lack of effective therapies is a significant unmet medical need.
Integrally Cored Ceramic Mold Fabricated by Ceramic Stereolithography (2010)

Ceramic stereolithography (SLA) was used to fabricate a ceramic investment casting mold with the integral core within a ceramic mold shell, produced in a single patternless construction from refractory‐grade fused silica. The SLA build material was a photopolymerizable suspension of 60 vol% fused silica dispersed in a monomer solution based on 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate. The mold had 1047 layers, each 100 μm thick. Green body dimensions before sintering were approximately 0.7% smaller than the design within the plane of the layers, and approximately 0.3% larger than the design perpendicular to the layers. The sintering shrinkage was 10.7±0.2% in both directions.
An Assembly-Skill-Transferring Method for Cellular Manufacturing System—Part I: Verification of the Proposed Method for Motor Skill (2013)

Although a cellular manufacturing system can produce diversified products flexibly, its assembly efficiency is mainly limited by the operators' assembly performance. To improve the operators' assembly performance without longtime training, an assembly-skill-transferring method was proposed to realize the assembly skill transfer process from skilled operators to novice operators. In the cellular manufacturing system, the assembly skills consist of cognition skills and motor skills. Taking a “Peg-in-Hole Task” as an example, the effect of the proposed assembly transfer method was verified for motor skills. The results show that the proposed assembly-skill-transferring system can improve the novice operators' assembly performance greatly.
LYMPHOCYTAPHERESIS–A FEASIBLE TREATMENT FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (1986)

A short three-treatment out-patient course of lymphocytapheresis (LA) was compared with a standard six-treatment regimen in a group of rheumatoid arthritis patients pre-selected for poor cell-mediated immunity, which has been shown to be associated with a good response to LA. Significant clinical improvements were seen with both treatments. There did not appear to be any clear difference between three and six treatments. A short course of LA may represent a possible treatment for selected rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Understanding evolutionary computing: a hands on approach (2002)

Evolutionary computing is the study of robust search algorithms based on the principles of evolution. An evolutionary algorithm (EA) searches a problem space in order to find regions containing good solutions. Typically EA users judge the quality of their algorithms by the quality of the solutions found. This approach ignores the behavior of the search algorithm and concentrates solely on the outcome. As a result, the user is unaware of their algorithm's actions or how the solutions were discovered. This paper describes how search space visualizations can be used to facilitate the user's understanding of evolutionary computing. A set of examples are presented showing how the user can take a "hands on" approach to explore the behavior of their algorithms and interact with the evolutionary search process.
The HLA System (2000)

A man dies because his body has rejected a heart transplant; a woman is crippled by rheumatoid arthritis; a child goes into a coma that is brought on by cerebral malaria; another child dies of an infection because of an immunodeficiency; an elderly man has advanced hepatic cirrhosis caused by iron overload. These five clinical situations are as diverse as can be, yet all have one thing in common: the cause of all of them involves the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Malfunction of the HLA system, which is at the . . .
Impact of the Rapid-Exchange Versus Over-the-Wire Technique on Procedural Complications of Renal Artery Angioplasty (2005)

Rapid exchange systems seem to add to the safety of percutaneous renal artery interventions. This likely may be due to a variety of causes, including lower doses of contrast medium, shorter duration of fluoroscopy, and smaller device diameters.
Agent-Based Transactions Management for Mobile Multidatabase (2007)

The requirements to access and manipulate data across multiple heterogeneous existing databases and the proliferation of mobile technologies have propelled the development of mobile multidatabase system (MDBS). In that environment, transaction management is not a trivial task due to the technological constraints. This paper proposes an agent-based transaction management for mobile multidatabase (AT3M) system. AT3M applies static and mobile agents to manage the transaction processing in mobile multidatabase system. It enables a fully distributed transaction management, accommodates mobility of the mobile clients, and allows global subtransactions to process in parallel. The proposed algorithm utilizes the hierarchical meta data structure of summary schema model (SSM) which captures semantic information of data objects in the underlying local databases at different levels of abstractions. It is shown by simulation that AT3M suits well in mobile multidatabase environment and outperforms the existing V-locking algorithm designed for the same environment in many aspects.
New function for the RNA helicase p68/DDX5 as a modifier of MBNL1 activity on expanded CUG repeats (2011)

Myotonic Dystrophy type I (DM1) is caused by an abnormal expansion of CTG triplets in the 3' UTR of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene, leading to the aggregation of the mutant transcript in nuclear RNA foci. The expanded mutant transcript promotes the sequestration of the MBNL1 splicing factor, resulting in the misregulation of a subset of alternative splicing events. In this study, we identify the DEAD-box RNA helicase p68 (DDX5) in complexes assembled onto in vitro-transcribed CUG repeats. We showed that p68 colocalized with RNA foci in cells expressing the 3'UTR of the DMPK gene containing expanded CTG repeats. We found that p68 increased MBNL1 binding onto pathological repeats and the stem-loop structure regulatory element within the cardiac Troponin T (TNNT2) pre-mRNA, splicing of which is misregulated in DM1. Mutations in the helicase core of p68 prevented both the stimulatory effect of the protein on MBNL1 binding and the colocalization of p68 with CUG repeats, suggesting that remodeling of RNA secondary structure by p68 facilitates MBNL1 binding. We also found that the competence of p68 for regulating TNNT2 exon 5 inclusion depended on the integrity of MBNL1 binding sites. We propose that p68 acts as a modifier of MBNL1 activity on splicing targets and pathogenic RNA.
Coupling of ultrathin tapered fibers with high-Q microsphere resonators at cryogenic temperatures and observation of phase-shift transition from undercoupling to overcoupling (2012)

We cooled ultrathin tapered fibers to cryogenic temperatures and controllably coupled them with high-Q microsphere resonators at a wavelength close to the optical transition of diamond nitrogen vacancy centers. The 310-nm-diameter tapered fibers were stably nanopositioned close to the microspheres with a positioning stability of approximately 10 nm over a temperature range of 7-28 K. A cavity-induced phase shift was observed in this temperature range, demonstrating a discrete transition from undercoupling to overcoupling.
Esophageal squamous dysplasia. (2002)

Esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) appears to be the most important precursor for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and this observation is supported by early molecular findings. Pathologists in high incidence areas of the world, such as China, frequently may encounter ESD during surveillance cytology and biopsy screenings of high risk populations. ESD in low risk areas, such as the United States, is more commonly seen in esophagi resected for squamous cell carcinoma. As at other sites, ESD can be graded histologically depending on the thickness of epithelial involvement and cytologically based largely on nuclear size and chromatin features. Most ESD lesions are endoscopically visible, especially if the esophageal mucosa is sprayed with iodine, allowing for directed biopsy. Several studies have shown that important differences in histologic and cytologic diagnosis and grading exist between Western pathologists and those in China or Japan. Despite these findings, the risk of developing invasive SCC is closely correlated to the severity of ESD encountered. Correct recognition of ESD thus is important.
Unprecedented access of phenolic substrates to the heme active site of a catalase: Substrate binding and peroxidase-like reactivity of<i>Bacillus pumilus</i>catalase monitored by X-ray crystallography and EPR spectroscopy (2015)

Heme-containing catalases and catalase-peroxidases catalyze the dismutation of hydrogen peroxide as their predominant catalytic activity, but in addition, individual enzymes support low levels of peroxidase and oxidase activities, produce superoxide, and activate isoniazid as an antitubercular drug. The recent report of a heme enzyme with catalase, peroxidase and penicillin oxidase activities in Bacillus pumilus and its categorization as an unusual catalase-peroxidase led us to investigate the enzyme for comparison with other catalase-peroxidases, catalases, and peroxidases. Characterization revealed a typical homotetrameric catalase with one pentacoordinated heme b per subunit (Tyr340 being the axial ligand), albeit in two orientations, and a very fast catalatic turnover rate (kcat = 339,000 s(-1) ). In addition, the enzyme supported a much slower (kcat = 20 s(-1) ) peroxidatic activity utilizing substrates as diverse as ABTS and polyphenols, but no oxidase activity. Two binding sites, one in the main access channel and the other on the protein surface, accommodating pyrogallol, catechol, resorcinol, guaiacol, hydroquinone, and 2-chlorophenol were identified in crystal structures at 1.65-1.95 Å. A third site, in the heme distal side, accommodating only pyrogallol and catechol, interacting with the heme iron and the catalytic His and Arg residues, was also identified. This site was confirmed in solution by EPR spectroscopy characterization, which also showed that the phenolic oxygen was not directly coordinated to the heme iron (no low-spin conversion of the Fe(III) high-spin EPR signal upon substrate binding). This is the first demonstration of phenolic substrates directly accessing the heme distal side of a catalase.
2016 SCI Scholars announced (2016)

The American Chemical Society has named 27 students as its 2016 SCI Scholars. Supported by the Society of Chemical Industry (SCI), American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), and ACS, the program places outstanding chemistry and chemical engineering undergraduate students in 10-week industrial internships. Scholars also receive $1,000 for professional development and the opportunity to recognize a high school science teacher who impacted their careers. For more information, visit www.acs.org/sci. The following are the scholars, their institutions, and their internship placements: Christopher Balzer, Arizona State University; Chemtura, El Dorado, Ariz. Patrick Brennan, Missouri University of Science & Technology; Chemtura, El Dorado, Ariz. Emma Brown, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Hexion, Stafford, Texas Abigail Cawoski, Westminster College; LyondellBasell Industries, Cincinnati Jenalyn Clegg, Brigham Young University; Chemtura, Fords, N.J. Kathleen Cooley, University of Maryland; W.R. Grace, Columbia, Md. Alicia Curti, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Honeywell, Geismar, La. Claire Dang, University of Tulsa; Carus Corp.,
Analysis of the mitogenic pathway of the FLT3 receptor and characterization in its C terminal region of a specific binding site for the PI3' kinase. (1994)

The FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) belongs to the class III subfamily which includes PDGF, CSF1 and SLF receptors. The recent cloning of the FLT3 ligand suggesting its important role in the differentiation and proliferation of the hematopoietic stem cells, has confirmed the initial expression analysis showing restricted pattern of receptor expression within the primitive hematopoietic population. To better understand the function of the FLT3 receptor and its relationship with the other hematopoietic RTKs, we analyzed the mitogenic pathway and substrate specificity of this receptor. The construction of a chimeric receptor called FF3, between the extracellular region of the CSF1 receptor fused with the transmembrane and the cytoplasmic regions of FLT3, has allowed an analysis in the absence of FLT3 ligand. We have shown in previous studies that FF3 is able to transduce the signal induced by CSF1, to induce tyrosine phosphorylation and/or association of several cytoplasmic proteins. We show here that this new receptor is fully functional in Ba/F3 hematopoietic cells, inducing a CSF1 dependence when expressed at the surface of this IL3 dependent cell line. The PI3' Kinase interacts with the FF3 receptor through SH2 domains and its binding site is localized on the tyrosine residue 958 in the C terminal part of the receptor.
Shape Measurement Method of Rough Surface using a Radial Shearing Interferometry. (2000)

A new shape measurement method of rough surface is proposed. The method utilizes a radial shearing interferometry consisting of two zoom lenses with different magnifying powers and a laser diode being able to change its wavelength in a small range less than 0.1 nm. The radial shearing interferometry, known as a kind of common path interferometer, is capable of obtaining a very stable specklegram even under normal vibrational circumstance. From the specklegrams two phase maps corresponding to two slightly different laser wavelengths are extracted. The difference of phase values between two maps is nearly independent of random speckle phase, but depends on optical path differences. Then shape of the rough surface can be calculated from the two phase maps through the optical path differences. The validity of the method is experimentally demonstrated.
An all-GaN differential driver for a 60 V GaN-based power amplifier with 1 GHz switching frequency (2014)

An all-GaN gate-drive circuit is proposed and integrated in the same MMIC with a 60V GaN switching PA using 0.25μm depletion-mode process. The driver employs a multi-stage differential amplifier to operate a push-pull topology for switching the PA's power device with much shorter transition times than other known gate-drive topologies, and thus allows for much higher switching frequencies. Measurements show less than 122ps transition times at the PA's output and a switching frequency up to 1GHz.
Continuous, rapid biological aerosol detection with the use of UV fluorescence: Outdoor test results (1999)

This report describes the design and principles of operation of an instrument for separately monitoring ambient aerosol concentrations of biological and nonbiological composition. A method of outdoor testing, and recent results, are also described. The single-particle fluorescence analyzer (SPFA) draws ambient air into an optical chamber through a sampling nozzle. Detection signals from each aerosol particle consist of an elastic scattering response as well as fluorescent emission in two distinct spectral bands. Differentiation of biological aerosols is based on the relative intensity of ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence measured from the particles following excitation with a 266-nm-wavelength laser pulse. During outdoor tests two types of organisms were released as aerosol sprays: Erwinia herbicola vegetative cells and Bacillus subtilis spores. The SPFA participated in 39 of a total set of 40 outdoor tests. Twenty-seven tests released E. herbicola and nine released B. subtilis. Analysis of these results indicates that a reliability of detection of about 90% for E. herbicola, and of about 87% for B. subtilis were achieved under the conditions of the tests, with a sensitivity near 1 particle/l. Some tests involved release of nonbiological aerosols that did not result in a significant change in fluorescent signals in the instrument. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.* Field Analyt Chem Technol 3: 249–259, 1999
Towards a Group-Based RBAC Model and Decentralized User-Role Administration (2008)

Role-based Access Control (RBAC) has been widely deployed in many distributed systems in recent years. However, in many large-scale enterprise environments, it is difficult to manage RBAC because of the huge number of users and roles, and complex interrelationships between them. Moreover, with the development of information and communication technologies, many temporal and ad hoc collaborations between groups and departments are emerging, which require dynamic user-role and permission-role assignments. In these scenarios it is infeasible, if not impossible, for few security officers to administrate the assignment for various applications. In this paper, we propose a novel RBAC model for decentralized and distributed systems. As one of the main contributions, we also propose a decentralized administration model to address the management issues in traditional RBAC systems, Our model can be used for group-based applications with dynamic assignments where typically local (group-level) administrators take charge of the dynamic assignments. In this way, many administrative tasks for different applications can spread over many different local administrators, and a fine-grained administration model of RBAC based on the local administration policies is realized. As a proof-of-concept system, we implemented a secure Spread prototype based on our proposed model to show the feasibility in the real applications.
A new algorithm for fault location on transmission lines (2009)

In this paper, a new algorithm for fault detection/location on transmission line based on linear state estimation is presented. The proposed technique uses phasor measurements from PMU's. Fault location and voltage of fault point are added as the new state variables in a linear state estimator based on PMU data. In addition, by using the ability of bad data identification in the state estimation, a new scheme for fault location and identification of faulted transmission line is proposed. For test and validation of the proposed algorithm, simulation results on a six bus test case are presented.