gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Consumption of Oligosaccharide-Containing Biscuits on the Fecal Microbiota of Humans (2004)

Human subjects consumed biscuits containing either galacto-oligosaccharides or fructo-oligosaccharides in a double-blinded, crossover study. The impact of supplementing the diet with three biscuits per day on the fecal microbiota was evaluated by selective culture of particular bacterial groups, measurement of beta-galactosidase activity, and nucleic acid-based analytical methods (PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [PCR-DGGE] and fluorescent in situ hybridization). The composition of the bifidobacterial populations was monitored at the level of species (PCR-DGGE) and strains (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of DNA digests), and representative cultures were tested quantitatively for their ability to use galacto-oligosaccharides. Technical improvements to DGGE analysis of the microbiota were made by the use of an internal standard that allowed valid comparisons of fragment staining intensities to be made between profiles, the use of S1 nuclease digestion to remove single-stranded DNA to facilitate cloning of DNA sequences cut from gels, and the extraction of RNA to be used as the template in reverse transcription-PCR-DGGE. RNA-DGGE profiles were markedly different (Dice's similarity coefficient, 58.5%) from those generated by DNA-DGGE. Neither the sizes of the bacterial populations nor the DNA-DGGE profiles of the microbiota were altered by the consumption of the biscuits, but the RNA-DGGE profiles were altered by the detection or increased staining intensity of 16S rRNA gene sequences originating from Bifidobacterium adolescentis and/or Colinsella aerofaciens in the feces of 11 of 15 subjects. beta-Galactosidase activity was elevated in the feces of some subjects as a result of biscuit consumption. Subjects differed in the ability of the bifidobacterial strains harbored in their feces to use galacto-oligosaccharides. Our observations suggest that a phylogenetic approach to analysis of the gut ecosystem may not always be optimal and that a more physiological (biochemical) method might be more informative.
Fast mining of spatial collocations (2004)

Spatial collocation patterns associate the co-existence of non-spatial features in a spatial neighborhood. An example of such a pattern can associate contaminated water reservoirs with certain deceases in their spatial neighborhood. Previous work on discovering collocation patterns converts neighborhoods of feature instances to itemsets and applies mining techniques for transactional data to discover the patterns. We propose a method that combines the discovery of spatial neighborhoods with the mining process. Our technique is an extension of a spatial join algorithm that operates on multiple inputs and counts long pattern instances. As demonstrated by experimentation, it yields significant performance improvements compared to previous approaches.
Towards simulating cloth dynamics using interacting particles (1996)

Reviews a new approach being developed for modelling the dynamic behaviour of cloth. This work extends the cloth‐particle static draping model of Breen and House to include dynamics, and extends constrained dynamics simulation techniques developed by Witkin, Gleicher and Welch to yield performance enhancements. Fundamental to this approach is a new hierarchical approximation algorithm for constrained dynamics simulation which, it is hoped, will reduce the computational time demands of the algorithm to near real‐time range.
Post-myocardial infarction mortality in patients with ventricular premature depolarizations. Canadian Amiodarone Myocardial Infarction Arrhythmia Trial Pilot Study. (1991)

Amiodarone, in moderate loading and maintenance dosages with adjustments in response to plasma levels, VPD suppression, and side effects, results in effective VPD suppression and acceptable levels of toxicity.
Improving the Care of Patients with Non‐ST‐elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes in the Emergency Department: The CRUSADE Initiative (2002)

Although acute coronary syndromes (ACS) represent a well-recognized source of morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiovascular disease, evidence-based therapies shown to improve outcomes for ACS are frequently underused in appropriate patients, especially in the emergency department (ED). Despite dissemination of expert recommendations from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) and ED-focused recapitulation of them in the emergency medicine literature, significant barriers continue to limit the adoption of guidelines in clinical practice and appear to hinder the use of beneficial therapies and interventions in the ED. Unique and creative approaches are therefore needed to stimulate better adherence to practice guidelines and improve the quality of care for patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTE) ACS. The CRUSADE (Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress ADverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines) quality improvement and educational initiative provides an innovative and multifaceted approach to the education of emergency physicians and cardiologists in the care of patients with NSTE ACS. The CRUSADE initiative is a multidisciplinary cooperative effort involving over 400 EDs and medical centers. It includes an ACS registry designed to characterize demographic patterns and risk stratification results in patients who meet diagnostic criteria for high-risk NSTE ACS. It also measures the use of ED treatment modalities including aspirin, heparin, beta-blockers, and platelet inhibitors as recommended in the ACC/AHA guidelines. The results of a given institution's treatment patterns will be reported back to the practitioners, with comparisons with national norms. These reports can be used as quality improvement tools to improve care at participating institutions. Beyond a static registry, these reports are coupled with educational efforts by the CRUSADE steering committee, scientific publications of risk stratification practice and success, as well as ED patterns of care, and tailored educational interventions, to reinforce compliance with the ACC/AHA guidelines. This initiative represents a truly innovative approach to improving care for ACS patients in the ED as well as on the cardiology service. This article describes the CRUSADE initiative and its implications for the practicing emergency physician. It is the intent of CRUSADE to improve patient care in the ED by tracking and encouraging compliance with evidence-based guidelines for the evaluation and management of NSTE ACS.
Characteristic‐based time domain method for antenna analysis (2001)

The characteristic‐based time domain method, developed in the computational fluid dynamics community for solving the Euler equations, is applied to the antenna radiation problem. Based on the principle of the characteristic‐based algorithm, a governing equation in the cylindrical coordinate system is formulated directly to facilitate the analysis of body‐of‐revolution antennas and also to achieve the exact Riemann problem. A finite difference scheme with second‐order accuracy in both time and space is constructed from the eigenvalue and eigenvector analysis of the derived governing equation. Rigorous boundary conditions for all the field components are formulated to improve the accuracy of the characteristic‐based finite difference scheme. Numerical results demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the proposed technique.
Mercuric reductase activity and evidence of broad-spectrum mercury resistance among clinical isolates of rapidly growing mycobacteria (1991)

Resistance to mercury was evaluated in 356 rapidly growing mycobacteria belonging to eight taxonomic groups. Resistance to inorganic Hg2+ ranged from 0% among the unnamed third biovariant complex of Mycobacterium fortuitum to 83% among M. chelonae-like organisms. With cell extracts and 203Hg(NO3)2 as the substrate, mercuric reductase (HgRe) activity was demonstrable in six of eight taxonomic groups. HgRe activity was inducible and required NADPH or NADH and a thiol donor for optimai activity. Species with HgRe activity were also resistant to organomercurial compounds, including phenylmercuric acetate. Attempts at intraspecies and intragenus transfer of HgRe activity by conjugation or transformation were unsuccessful. Mercury resistance is common in rapidly growing mycobacteria and appears to function via the same inducible enzyme systems already defined in other bacterial species. This system offers potential as a strain marker for epidemiologic investigations and for studying genetic systems in rapidly growing mycobacteria.
Inflammatory Mediators of Esophagitis Alter p27<sup>Kip1</sup> Expression in Esophageal Epithelial Cells (2010)

Mislocalization of p27 caused by mediators of GERD or eosinophilic esophagitis may serve as an early marker of increased cell proliferation, which may contribute to the risk for esophageal dysplasia.
Experimental investigation of halogen-bond hard–soft acid–base complementarity (2017)

The halogen bond (XB) is a topical noncovalent interaction of rapidly increasing importance. The XB employs a `soft' donor atom in comparison to the `hard' proton of the hydrogen bond (HB). This difference has led to the hypothesis that XBs can form more favorable interactions with `soft' bases than HBs. While computational studies have supported this suggestion, solution and solid-state data are lacking. Here, XB soft-soft complementarity is investigated with a bidentate receptor that shows similar associations with neutral carbonyls and heavy chalcogen analogs. The solution speciation and XB soft-soft complementarity is supported by four crystal structures containing neutral and anionic soft Lewis bases.
Maximum likelihood sequence estimation at 10 Gb/s from concept to implementation (2005)

Maximum likelihood sequence estimation is seen as the superior algorithm for electronic equalization at the receiver. We report about the first implementation of a 10.7 Gb/s optical receiver using maximum likelihood sequence estimation.
An analysis of wind field estimation and exploitation for quadrotor flight in the urban canopy layer (2016)

Although unmanned air vehicles' increasing agility and autonomy may soon allow for flight in urban environments, the impact of complex urban wind fields on vehicle flight performance remains unclear. Unlike synoptic winds at high altitudes, urban wind fields are subject to turbulence generated by the buildings and terrain. The resulting spatial and temporal variation makes inference about the global wind field based on local wind measurements difficult and prevents the use of most simple wind models. Fortunately, the structure of the urban environment provides exploitable predictability given a suitable computational fluid dynamics solver, a representative 3D model of the environment, and an estimate of the expected prevailing wind speed and heading. The prevailing wind speed and direction at altitude and computational fluid dynamics solver can generate the corresponding wind field estimate over the map. By generating wind fields in this way, this work investigates a quadrotor's ability to exploit them for improved flight performance. Along with the wind field estimate, an empirically derived power consumption model is used to find minimum-energy trajectories with a planner both aware of and naive to the wind field. When compared to minimum-energy trajectories that do not incorporate wind conditions, the wind-aware trajectories demonstrate reduced flight times, total energy expenditures, and failures due to excess air speed for trajectories across MIT campus.
Comparison of motion-compensated algorithms for frame interpolation (2003)

Frame interpolation plays a crucial role in very low bit rate video coding, video format conversion, and slow motion replay. Motion-compensated interpolation is known to be the best solution for frame interpolation of video. In this work, three widely used motion-compensated algorithms for frame interpolation are compared and evaluated in terms of interpolated image quality, computation cost, and flexibility. The first algorithm considers motion occlusion, the second is the one used in the H.26L/JVT video codec, and the third uses bidirectional motion estimation. The results of the comparison and evaluation provide insight and serve as a guide to select an appropriate algorithm for a specific application.
Control of the synthesis of a single enzyme by multiple regulatory circuits in Neurospora crassa. (1975)

Neurospora crassa synthesizes and secretes an extracellular protease into its growth medium when an exogenous protein serves as its principal source of sulfur, nitrogen, or carbon. The enzymes produced under these three growth conditions have been compared by a number of criteria. The results indicate that the same extracellular protease with a molecular weight of 31,000 is synthesized during the three different metabolic conditions. A regulatory mutant, which lacks a positive signal required for the synthesis of a family of related enzymes for sulfur metabolism, cannot synthesize the protease in response to a limitation for sulfur; yet, this same mutant is capable of producing the enzyme when it is limited for either nitrogen or carbon. A second regulatory mutant, defective in the control of nitrogen metabolism, fails to synthesize the protease only when it is limited for nitrogen. The evidence suggests that a single structural gene for this extracellular protease exists and that it is regulated in a complex fashion such that control signals arising from any one of the three distinct regulatory circuits can activate it for expression. A model is proposed for complex regulation of the synthesis of this enzyme.
Modeling Energy Consumption of Memory Systems (2015)

The energy consumption of memory is one of the important metrics to evaluate memory systems. However, previous approaches such as using cycle accurate CPU and memory simulators require a long execution time for simulation. We are developing a model of energy consumption of DRAM-and NVM-based main memory, which allows estimating the energy consumption of a memory subsystem from easily observable performance metrics in real computer systems. In this paper, we conducted preliminary experiments using various types of workloads and observed the correlation of the memory throughput and energy consumption of DRAM. We used hardware performance counters to obtain memory throughput and energy consumption with minimum performance overhead.
ANOMALOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTION EQUILIBRIA DUE TO VIOLENCE OF AGITATION (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTANOMALOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTION EQUILIBRIA DUE TO VIOLENCE OF AGITATIONKenneth A. Allen and W. J. McDowellCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1960, 64, 7, 877–880Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100836a013https://doi.org/10.1021/j100836a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Computer-assisted Prediction of Drill-failure Using In-process Measurements of Thrust Force (1988)

A real time control system has been developed in the laboratory to monitor the performance of twist drills. Emphasis has been placed on the prediction of the incipient failure of the drill and retraction before significant damage has occurred. It has been found that the gradient of the drilling thrust force, calculated using a digital filter with the necessary frequency specifications, exhibits a sharp increase several seconds before any serious failure. Details of the filtering technique and results for several cutting conditions are presented.
A dipterous parasite of mycetophilids (1938)

References to dipterous parasites of Diptera are rare in the literature. Bombyliids of the genera Villa and Thyridanthrax have been reared from the puparia of Glossina; Hemipenthes morio L., from the tachinid Parasetigena segregata Rond., and the sarcophagid Sarcophaga affinis Fall.; Argyramoeba varia F. from the tachinid Sturmia inconspicua Mg. The phorid Hypocera incrassata Mg. was found by H. M. Morris in dead and unhealthy larvae of Bibio marci L. Only one larva of Hypocera was obtained from each specimen of Bibio , and the account given by Morris suggests that this species is a true parasite. The evidence is, however, not absolutely conclusive and further study of this interesting species is desirable. The same thing must be said of E. E. Edwards' record of Aphiochaeta brevicostalis Wood, as a parasite of Tipula sp.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of <i>Helicobacter felis</i> , <i>H. bizzozeronii</i> , and <i>H. salomonis</i> (2005)

The susceptibilities of Helicobacter felis (15 strains), H. bizzozeronii (7 strains), and H. salomonis (3 strains) to 10 antimicrobial agents were investigated by determination of the MIC using the agar dilution method. No consistent differences were noticed between the different Helicobacter species, which were all highly susceptible to ampicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, tylosin, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and neomycin, as demonstrated by low MICs. Higher MICs were obtained for lincomycin (up to 8 microg/ml) and spectinomycin (up to 4 microg/ml). Two H. felis strains showed a MIC of 16 microg/ml for metronidazole, suggesting acquired resistance to this antimicrobial agent.
Antithrombotic Efficacy of Inactivated Active Site Recombinant Factor VIIa Is Shear Dependent in Human Blood (1997)

Several studies have indicated a profound role for factor VII(a) [FVII(a)] in venous and arterial thrombogenesis. In the present study, we quantified the inhibitory efficacy of dansyl-glutamyl-glycyl-arginyl-recombinant FVIIa (DEGR-rFVIIa) on acute thrombus formation. Thrombus formation was elicited by immobilized tissue factor (TF) in a parallel-plate perfusion chamber device at blood flow conditions characterized by wall shear rates of 100 S-1 (veins) and 650 S-1 (medium-sized healthy arteries). Native human blood was drawn directly from an antecubital vein by a pump into a heparin-coated mixing device in which DEGR-rFVIIa (0.09 to 880 nmol/L final plasma concentration) or buffer was mixed homogeneously with flowing blood. Subsequently, the blood was passed over a plastic coverslip coated with TF and phospholipids in the parallel-plate perfusion chamber. Fibrin deposition, platelet-fibrin adhesion, and platelet thrombus volume triggered by this surface were measured by morphometry. DEGR-rFVIIa inhibited thrombus formation in a dose-dependent manner, but the efficacy was shear rate dependent. At a wall shear rate of 100 S-1, the IC50 (50% inhibition) was 30 nmol/L, whereas at 650 S-1, the IC50 was 0.6 nmol/L. Binding studies to immobilized TF under flow conditions using surface plasmon resonance revealed a significantly higher on-rate for DEGR-rFVIIa and FVIIa than for FVII, 2.8 x 10(5), 2.6 x 10(5), and 1.8 x 10(5) M-1 S-1, respectively. This indicates that a contributing factor to the shear-dependent efficacy may be a differential importance of on-rates at arterial and venous blood flow conditions.
Recognition of affective prosody: Continuous wavelet measures of event‐related brain potentials to emotional exclamations (2003)

The affective state of a speaker can be identified from the prosody of his or her speech. Voice quality is the most important prosodic cue for emotion recognition from short verbal utterances and nonverbal exclamations, the latter conveying pure emotion, void of all semantic meaning. We adopted two context violation paradigms-oddball and priming-to study the event-related brain potentials (ERP) reflecting this recognition process. We found a negative wave, the N300, in the ERPs to contextually incongruous exclamations, and interpreted this component as analogous to the well-known N400 response to semantically inappropriate words. The N300 appears to be a real-time psychophysiological measure of spontaneous emotion recognition from vocal cues, which could prove a useful tool for the examination of affective-prosody comprehension. In addition, we developed a new ERP component detection and estimation method that is based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), does not rely on visual inspection of the waveforms, and yields larger statistical difference effects than classical methods.
Silver(I) 1,3-Butadiynediide and Two Related Silver(I) Double Salts Containing the C<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> Dianion (2004)

Ag2C4, the second silver carbide to be fully characterized, has been synthesized as a light-gray powder (contaminated with metallic silver) that is explosive at high temperature (130 degrees C) and sensitive to mechanical shock, rather like the well-known prototype Ag2C2. In the pair of hydrated double salts Ag2C4.6AgNO3.nH2O (n = 2, 3), the nearly linear, centrosymmetric 1,3-butadiyne-1,4-diyl dianion C42-exhibits an unprecedented mu8-coordination mode, each terminal being capped by four sigma-bonded silver(I) atoms with pi-interaction to one of them.
Size characteristics of the solubilized saxitoxin receptor of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel from rat brain. (1980)

The saxitoxin receptor of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel from rat brain was solubilized with Triton X-100 and stabilized with phosphatidylcholine. The size characteristics of the detergent . phospholipid . receptor complex were studied by gel filtration and sucrose gradient sedimentation in H2O and D2O. The complex has Stokes radius = 80 A, S20,W = 12 S, v = 0.82 ml/ g, and Mr = 601,000 +/- 48,000. Assuming v = 0.73 ml/g for the saxitoxin receptor protein, the mass of the complex consists of 47.4% detergent and phosphatidylcholine and 52.6% saxitoxin receptor protein with Mr = 316,000 +/- 63,000.