gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Par-4 dependent modulation of cellular β-catenin by medicinal plant natural product derivative 3-azido Withaferin A (2015)

Here, we provide evidences that natural product derivative 3-azido Withaferin A (3-AWA) abrogated EMT and invasion by modulating β-catenin localization and its transcriptional activity in the prostate as well as in breast cancer cells. This study, for the first time, reveals 3-AWA treatment consistently sequestered nuclear β-catenin and augmented its cytoplasmic pool as evidenced by reducing β-catenin transcriptional activity in these cells. Moreover, 3-AWA treatment triggered robust induction of pro-apoptotic intracellular Par-4, attenuated Akt activity and rescued Phospho-GSK3β (by Akt) to promote β-catenin destabilization. Further, our in vitro studies demonstrate that 3-AWA treatment amplified E-cadherin expression along with sharp downregulation of c-Myc and cyclin D1 proteins. Strikingly, endogenous Par-4 knock down by siRNA underscored 3-AWA mediated inhibition of nuclear β-catenin was Par-4 dependent and suppression of Par-4 activity, either by Bcl-2 or by Ras transfection, restored the nuclear β-catenin level suggesting Par-4 mediated β-catenin regulation was not promiscuous. In vivo results further demonstrated that 3-AWA was effective inhibitor of tumor growth and immunohistochemical studies indicated that increased expression of total β-catenin and decreased expression of phospho-β-catenin and Par-4 in breast cancer tissues as compared to normal breast tissue suggesting Par-4 and β-catenin proteins are mutually regulated and inversely co-related in normal as well as cancer condition. Thus, strategic regulation of intracellular Par-4 by 3-AWA in diverse cancers could be an effective tool to control cancer cell metastasis. Conclusively, this report puts forward a novel approach of controlling deregulated β-catenin signaling by 3-AWA induced Par-4 protein.
Decoupled pre-fetching for distributed shared memory (2002)

Distributed shared memory is an architectural technique for providing a global view of memory in a distributed-store parallel machine by introducing mechanisms which make copies of remote areas of memory when required. One of the major problems of such a system is the performance penalties incurred due to the need to wait for areas of memory to be copied. This can be ameliorated to a certain extent using user annotations, compile-time analysis or run-time prediction to aid pre-fetching of data. This paper proposes a decoupled run-time technique for pre-fetching in a distributed shared memory environment which is applicable in circumstances where static analysis is difficult and the access patterns are sufficiently irregular that run-time prediction may fail. The proposal is in the form of a dual processor structure where one processor performs a partial evaluation of the program and thereby anticipates the need for data fetches before they are required by a second processor which performs the full evaluation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An 11-tap 0.9- mu m CMOS digital transversal equalizer for digital radio (2003)

A 0.9- mu m CMOS VLSI device was designed and developed to perform as an adaptive transversal equalizer for digital radio. The device contains an 11-tap multiply-add structure complete with control hardware for 12-b coefficients. Void of any pipelining, the device is guaranteed for 27-MHz operation, and it has demonstrated speeds in excess of 40 MHz. A digital radio modem has been designed by AT&T using the VLSI device and is now being manufactured for a 64-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) 4-GHz radio system. BER (bit error rate) performance versus S/N ratio was within 1.8 dB of theoretical (no error correction) at a BER of 1*10/sup -8/. M-curves were measured for the 20-MHz channel and were very close to theoretical. Finally, modem acquisition statistics were tabulated under various channel distortions, with the average time of acquisition being less than 200 ms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Field trials of a NASA-developed mobile satellite terminal (1990)

Various field trials have been performed to validate and optimize the technologies developed by the Mobile Satellite Experiment (MSAT-X). For each of the field experiments performed, a brief description of the experiment is provided, followed by a summary of the experimental results. Emphasis is placed on the two full scale land mobile and aeronautical mobile experiments. Experiments planned for the near future are also presented.
Towards Synthesizing Complex Programs from Input-Output Examples (2017)

In recent years, deep learning techniques have been developed to improve the performance of program synthesis from input-output examples. Albeit its significant progress, the programs that can be synthesized by state-of-the-art approaches are still simple in terms of their complexity. In this work, we move a significant step forward along this direction by proposing a new class of challenging tasks in the domain of program synthesis from input-output examples: learning a context-free parser from pairs of input programs and their parse trees. We show that this class of tasks are much more challenging than previously studied tasks, and the test accuracy of existing approaches is almost 0%. We tackle the challenges by developing three novel techniques inspired by three novel observations, which reveal the key ingredients of using deep learning to synthesize a complex program. First, the use of a non-differentiable machine is the key to effectively restrict the search space. Thus our proposed approach learns a neural program operating a domain-specific non-differentiable machine. Second, recursion is the key to achieve generalizability. Thus, we bake-in the notion of recursion in the design of our non-differentiable machine. Third, reinforcement learning is the key to learn how to operate the non-differentiable machine, but it is also hard to train the model effectively with existing reinforcement learning algorithms from a cold boot. We develop a novel two-phase reinforcement learning-based search algorithm to overcome this issue. In our evaluation, we show that using our novel approach, neural parsing programs can be learned to achieve 100% test accuracy on test inputs that are 500x longer than the training samples.
[Organizational-epidemiological aspects of prophylaxis of community-acquired pneumonias in Moscow military district]. (2008)

The article presents broad information, which is the result of longstanding observation (2002-2006) There are also presented adequate financial data. The article unfolds peculiarities of multiyear and annual dynamics of morbidity rate by out-hospital pneumonias in Moscow military circuit, educes and proves the basic risk factors of disease, shows its value. The accent is made on military and study units. Recommendations on lowering morbidity rate by out-hospital pneumonias, existing in the article, are based on the own experience of the authors, their effectiveness is proved by real positive results.
CD38 is the major enzyme responsible for synthesis of nicotinic acid–adenine dinucleotide phosphate in mammalian tissues (2002)

In the present study, we have determined the role of the enzyme CD38 upon the synthesis of the Ca2+-releasing nucleotide nicotinic acid—adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). In rat tissues, we observed that the capacity for NAADP synthesis could be co-immunoprecipitated with CD38 using an anti-CD38 antibody. Furthermore, we observed that several tissues from CD38 knockout mice had no capacity for the synthesis of this nucleotide. In addition, CD38 was also identified as the major enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose. These observations lead to the conclusion that CD38 is the major enzyme responsible for the synthesis of NAADP and cyclic ADP-ribose, and raises the possibility of a new signalling pathway where two different Ca2+-releasing nucleotides are synthesized by the same enzyme.
Towards an optimized Gabor Superlens (2014)

The Gabor Superlens (GSL) combines light from an array of micro-telescopes to form a single composite image. This is achieved through an initial selection of micro-telescope and array parameters that satisfy a set of first order imaging conditions. Designing a GSL presents two design challenges that are not encountered in conventional (single-aperture) lens design: the array parameters couple design characteristics such as the F/# and field of view to the paraxial design, and the composite image quality can be dominated by aberration of individual elements rather than a summation of aberration contributions throughout the design. This paper begins with an assessment of the highly parameterized design space of the Gabor Superlens to clearly identify relationships between the initial selection of first order design geometry and the consequences they have on system performance. An overview of a streamlined design method follows. Increasingly sophisticated GSL designs are then investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of using individually corrected lens groups to improve composite image quality.
Extending the Extended Self in a Digital World (2014)

Russell Belk's 1988 seminal paper on the extended self in the Journal of Consumer Research highlighted the central role of material artifacts in defining self-identity. How might Belk's paper differ if he had published it in 2013? We extend Belk's original construct to encompass the digital extended self as we identify three crucial domains where traditional boundaries between self/not self increasingly blur: (1) producer versus consumer; (2) being offline versus being online; and (3) body versus technology. We also present eight commentaries from experts in a range of pertinent domains that include advertising, law, technology, communications, and public policy.
Brain–heart interactions reveal consciousness in noncommunicating patients (2017)

Our work shows a link between residual cognitive processing and the modulation of autonomic somatic markers. These results open a new window to evaluate patients with disorders of consciousness via the embodied paradigm, according to which body-brain functions contribute to a holistic approach to conscious processing. Ann Neurol 2017;82:578-591.
Effect of Ca-Compound Addition on Synthesis of AlN Powder by Carbothermal Reduction-Nitridation Method (1994)

Effect of Ca-compound addition on synthesis of AlN powder by carbothermal reduction-nitridation method was investigated, in which CaF2, CaCl2, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, Ca(CH3COO)2 and CaC2 were selected as additives. Each compound promoted the nitridation, and CaF2 and CaCO3 were the most excellent reaction promoters achieving full nitridation even at 1300°C. In case of CaF2 addition, it was estimated that the reduction-nitridation proceeds through the formation of an intermediate compound, CaF2⋅5Al2O3. In case of other additives, Ca-aluminates, CaO⋅xAl2O3 (x=1, 2, 6), were formed as intermediates. The value x in the aluminates was dependent on the chemical species of additives. The grain morphology of synthesized AlN varied with the species of additives; addition of CaF2 and CaCl2 resulted in spherical AlN particles. The reduction-nitridation behavior of CaO⋅Al2O3 and CaO⋅2Al2O3 was also investigated. The Ca-aluminates changed through the reaction step; CaO⋅2Al2O3→CaO⋅Al2O3→12CaO⋅7Al2O3→CaO, finally yielding AlN.
In vivo study of skin mechanical properties in scleredema of Buschke (1998)

A non-invasive, in vivo suction device was used to investigate the mechanical properties of the skin in a patient with scleredema of Buschke. Clinical scoring of skin induration and measurements of skin elasticity were performed over 9 anatomic regions on admission and after 3 (on discharge), 17 and 28 months. Immediate distension, final distension and immediate retraction were significantly decreased, while the viscoelastic to elastic ratio was significantly increased in the patient as compared to the healthy controls. Delayed distension and biological elasticity were preserved. Low values of skin distensibility correlated with a severe skin induration (p < 0.001). The changes were more expressive with the 8 mm-diameter measuring probe than the 2 mm-diameter probe. The method applied can be used for objective and quantitative assessment of skin involvement in scleredema of Buschke.
SS MTS: Subsea Monitoring - High Resolution 3D Laser Imaging for Inspection, Maintenance, Repair, and Operations (2012)

Abstract In January 2011, 3D at Depth was awarded a RPSEA contract to bringhigh-resolution three-dimensional (3D) laser imaging technology from the labinto an underwater environment for the oil and gas industry. During theproject, CDL Inc. provided expert engineering support and materials to marinizethe system. The project included two underwater trials which demonstrated thefeasibility of utilizing high resolution laser detection and ranging (LADAR) ina subsea environment. 3D laser imaging is a powerful data collection system that provides 3-Dinformation for a specific area of interest. It is the predominate technologyfor terrestrial survey, construction, as-built analysis, and large-scaleretro-fits. The 3D laser imaging market is a mature multi-billion dollarindustry with an eco-system of software, expertise, and best practices. Developing the technology to provide high-definition subsea laser imagingenables the deep water industry to use the current state of the art in 3Dmetrology and related best practices developed for the terrestrialmarket. This paper discusses some of the theory behind subsea laser imaging andcompares this theory to the first set of underwater tests in a pool. Terrestrial laser scanners commonly produce centimeter spatial and rangeaccuracy at several hundred meter range. Due to the absorption of water, realizable deepwater systems are limited to tens of meters range depending onthe target and water conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first timesub-centimeter accuracy at greater than 6m range is demonstrated for anunderwater laser system. This technology is essential for better management of deep water assets. Thelack of timely and accurate survey-quality 3D measurements poses an integritymanagement challenge for such assets. A lack of accurate data results in eitherhigher risks or higher costs to build and maintain environmentally safeproduction and product transportation systems. The speed and precision of thetechnology developed by this project reduces operating costs for underwaterinspection, maintenance, and repair; reduces environmental risk through moreaccurate inspection; significantly improves construction practices and quality/ reliability; reduces risks to high value assets; and provides rapid access tosharable survey-quality as-built data before, during and afterconstruction.
Stable Functionalization of Small Semiconducting Polymer Dots via Covalent Cross‐Linking and Their Application for Specific Cellular Imaging (2012)

A facile cross-linking strategy covalently links functional molecules to semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) while simultaneously providing functional groups for biomolecular conjugation. In addition to greatly enhanced stability, the formed Pdots are small (<10 nm), which can be difficult to achieve with current methods but is highly desirable for most biological applications. These characteristics are significant for improving labeling efficiency and sensitivity in cellular assays that employ Pdots.
Inhibition of EP4 Signaling Attenuates Aortic Aneurysm Formation (2012)

An EP4 antagonist that prevents the activation of MMP and thereby inhibits the degradation of aortic elastic fiber may serve as a new strategy for medical treatment of AAA.
Release of [<sup>3</sup>H]-d-Aspartate from Primary Astrocyte Cultures in Response to Raised External Potassium (1996)

There are significant Ca2+-independent increases in extracellular glutamate and aspartate during various CNS insults such as ischemia and anoxia. However, the cellular sources of such presumed nonvesicular excitatory amino acid (EAA) release have not been established. To further explore potential mechanisms and sites for EAA release, we studied the release of preloaded [3H]-D-aspartate from primary cultured astrocytes prepared from the cerebral cortices of rat pups. Two phases of release were seen in response to raised KCl. The first phase was small and transient, and the second phase was slower and increased progressively. The initial phase of [3H]-D-aspartate release was greatly enhanced by ouabain pretreatment and was inhibited when astrocytes were preexposed to the EAA transport inhibitor threo-hydroxy beta-aspartic acid (THBA). Neither of these manipulations affected the second release component. The second phase of release was inhibited by an anion channel blocker, L-644,711, which is known to inhibit hypotonic swelling-induced release of EAA. Ouabain also resulted in the first phase of release occurring at lower [K+]o. Omission of Ca2+ had no effect on either phase of [3H]-D-aspartate release. These results support the hypothesis that the first component of release in cultured astrocytes is a reversal of the glutamate transporter, and the second component is a result of high KCl-induced swelling. Because marked increases in [K+]o are well established in CNS pathologies such as ischemia, such release may represent a significant source for the increased extracellular EAAs seen in such conditions.
Harriot's algebraic symbol and the roots of equation (2012)

Thomas Harriot(1560-1621) introduced a simplified notation for algebra. His fundamental research on the theory of equations was far ahead of that time. He invented certain symbols which are used today. Harriot treated all answers to solve equations equally whether positive or negative, real or imaginary. He did outstanding work on the solution of equations, recognizing negative roots and complex roots in a way that makes his solutions look like a present day solution. Since he published no mathematical work in his lifetime, his achievements were not recognized in mathematical history and mathematics education. In this paper, by comparing his works with Viete and Descartes those are mathematicians in the same age, I show his achievements in mathematics.
One-Port SAW Resonators Using Natural SPUDT Substrates (2007)

We discuss the design of one-port surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators using substrates with a partial or total degree of directivity, that is, the natural single-phase unidirectional transducer (N-SPUDT) effect. A general design method gives a resonance when all three frequencies (the required resonance frequency and the Bragg frequencies) are different. A second method has been derived from the resonance condition for a symmetrical substrate. Two further methods incorporate lamda/4 gaps. The capacitance ratio is presented as a function of the phase of the electrode reflection coefficient. The simulations use data for the N-SPUDT orientation of langasite. The reflection coefficient for Al electrodes has been calculated from finite element modeling (FEM) analysis. The approximate perturbation theory is found to agree well for small film thickness (h/lamda < 2%). The phase of the reflection coefficient is typically 150 degrees, not quite the ideal value of 180 degrees. Measurements on resonators using Al and Cu films are presented.
Panglial Gap Junctional Communication is Essential for Maintenance of Myelin in the CNS (2012)

In this study, we have investigated the contribution of oligodendrocytic connexin47 (Cx47) and astrocytic Cx30 to panglial gap junctional networks as well as myelin maintenance and function by deletion of both connexin coding DNAs in mice. Biocytin injections revealed complete disruption of oligodendrocyte-to-astrocyte coupling in the white matter of 10- to 15-d-old Cx30/Cx47 double-deficient mice, while oligodendrocyte-to-oligodendrocyte coupling was maintained. There were no quantitative differences regarding cellular networks in acute brain slices obtained from Cx30/Cx47 double-null mice and control littermates, probably caused by the upregulation of oligodendrocytic Cx32 in Cx30/Cx47 double-deficient mice. We observed early onset myelin pathology, and ∼40% of Cx30/Cx47 double-deficient animals died within 42 to 90 d after birth, accompanied by severe motor impairments. Histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed severe vacuolization and myelination defects in all white matter tracts of the CNS. Furthermore, Cx30/Cx47 double-deficient mice exhibited a decreased number of oligodendrocytes, severe astrogliosis, and microglial activation in white matter tracts. Although less affected concerning motor impairment, surviving double-knock-out (KO) mice showed behavioral alterations in the open field and in the rotarod task. Vacuole formation and thinner myelin sheaths were evident also with adult surviving double-KO mice. Since interastrocytic coupling due to Cx43 expression and interoligodendrocytic coupling because of Cx32 expression are still maintained, Cx30/Cx47 double-deficient mice demonstrate the functional role of both connexins for interastrocytic, interoligodendrocytic, and panglial coupling, and show that both connexins are required for maintenance of myelin.
Sandwich-Enzyme Immunoassays for Endothelin Family Peptides (1991)

Sandwich-enzyme immunoassays (sandwich-EIAs) for endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin-3 (ET-3), big ET-1, big endothelin-2 (big ET-2), and big endothelin-3 (big ET-3) have been established using two antibodies directed against the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of each ET and big ET. These sandwich-EIAs are sensitive enough to detect 0.1-0.4 pg/well of each ET or big ET with cross-reactivity of less than 1% with other ETs and big ETs (except in the case of the EIA for ET-1, which detects immunoreactivity of ET-2 as well as ET-1). Plasma levels of immunoreactive (ir-) ET-1, big ET-1, and ET-3 in normal humans were approximately 2.0, 5.1, and 0.9 pg/ml, respectively, when corrected for recovery efficiency. In reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, immunoreactivities detected by these sandwich-EIAs were eluted at the positions of authentic ET-1, big ET-1, and ET-3, indicating that plasma levels of ET-1, big ET-1, and ET-3 were precisely measured by our methods. Levels of ir-big ET-2 and ir-big ET-3 were also detected in normal human plasma; however, further studies are needed to determine their precise values. The establishment of reliable sandwich-EIAs and the measurement of specific ETs and big ETs in normal human plasma will contribute to clarifying the biological and clinical significance of ET family peptides.
TumorNet: Lung nodule characterization using multi-view Convolutional Neural Network with Gaussian Process (2017)

Characterization of lung nodules as benign or malignant is one of the most important tasks in lung cancer diagnosis, staging and treatment planning. While the variation in the appearance of the nodules remains large, there is a need for a fast and robust computer aided system. In this work, we propose an end-to-end trainable multi-view deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for nodule characterization. First, we use median intensity projection to obtain a 2D patch corresponding to each dimension. The three images are then concatenated to form a tensor, where the images serve as different channels of the input image. In order to increase the number of training samples, we perform data augmentation by scaling, rotating and adding noise to the input image. The trained network is used to extract features from the input image followed by a Gaussian Process (GP) regression to obtain the malignancy score. We also empirically establish the significance of different high level nodule attributes such as calcification, sphericity and others for malignancy determination. These attributes are found to be complementary to the deep multi-view CNN features and a significant improvement over other methods is obtained.