gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A framework for rapid prototyping of embedded vision applications (2014)

We present a framework for fast prototyping of embedded video applications. Starting with a high-level executable specification written in OpenCV, we apply semi-automatic refinements of the specification at various levels (TLM and RTL), the lowest of which is a system-on-chip prototype in FPGA. The refinement leverages the structure of image processing applications to map high-level representations to lower level implementation with limited user intervention. Our framework integrates the computer vision library OpenCV for software, SystemC/TLM for high-level hardware representation, UVM and QEMU-OS for virtual prototyping and verification into a single and uniform design and verification flow. With applications in the field of driving assistance and object recognition, we prove the usability of our framework in producing performance and correct design.
The cloning cycle: from amphibia to mammals and back (2001)

The process whereby a fertilized egg develops into more than 200 different cell types and forms a new individual is both intriguing and fundamental to developmental biology. The systematic pathway of cellular differentiation is generally thought to confer a restriction whereby differentiated cells lose the capacity to change into other cell types. However, the substitution of nuclear material from one cell type (egg) with that of another, in a process known as nuclear transfer or cloning, can reverse this restriction by removing epigenetic modifications to the chromatin structure. The ability to clone new individuals using this procedure was achieved some 30 years ago in amphibia in an effort to understand cellular differentiation. More recently, with the advent of improved embryo micromanipulation techniques, the technology has been applied to domestic and laboratory animals.
Processor-memory interconnections for multiprocessors (1979)

A new class of interconnection networks is proposed for processor to memory communication in multiprocessing systems. These networks allow a direct link between any processor to any memory module. The cost of these networks is considerably less than that of full crossbars. Moreover, the design and control of these networks is simple. The proposed networks and the full crossbars are analyzed with respect to the bandwidth and the cost.
Sargaquinoic Acid Inhibits TNF-α-Induced NF-κB Signaling, Thereby Contributing to Decreased Monocyte Adhesion to Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) (2015)

Sargaquinoic acid (SQA) has been known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated the effects of SQA isolated from Sargassum serratifolium on the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced monocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). SQA decreased the expression of cell adhesion molecules such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 as well as chemotactic cytokines such as interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in TNF-α-treated HUVECs. As a result, SQA prevented monocyte adhesion to TNF-α-induced adhesion. SQA also inhibited TNF-α-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) translocation into the nucleus by preventing proteolytic degradation of inhibitor κB-α. Overall, SQA protects against TNF-α-induced vascular inflammation through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway in HUVECs. These data suggest that SQA may be used as a therapeutic agent for vascular inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.
A control-theoretic approach to dynamic voltage scheduling (2003)

The development of energy-conscious embedded and/or mobile systems exposes a trade-off between energy consumption and system performance. Recent microprocessors have incorporated dynamic voltage scaling as a tool that system software can use to explore this trade-off. Developing appropriate heuristics to control this feature is a non-trivial venture; as has been shown in the past, voltage-scaling heuristics that closely track perceived performance requirements do not save much energy, while those that save the most energy tend to do so at the expense of performance resulting in poor response time, for example. We note that the task of dynamically scaling processor speed and voltage to meet changing performance requirements resembles a classical control-systems problem, and so we apply a bit of control theory to the task in order to define a new voltage-scaling algorithm. We find that, using our nqPID (not quite PID) algorithm, one can improve upon the current best-of-class heuristic Pering's AVGN algorithm, based on Govil's AGED AVERAGES algorithm and Weiser's PAST algorithm in both energy consumption and performance. The study is execution-based, not-trace-based; the voltage-scaling heuristics were integrated into an embedded operating system running on a Motorola M-CORE processor model. The applications studied are all members of the MediaBench benchmark suite.
Helios expression in FoxP3<sup>+</sup>T regulatory cells (2012)

Recent work debates the suitability of Helios, an Ikarios family transcription factor, as a marker of thymic-derived natural T regulatory cells. However, Helios expression could be of particular importance in cancer. We and others reported that the majority of peripheral and tumour-infiltrating FoxP3(+) Tregs expresses Helios. Additionally, recent observations indicate that FoxP3(+)Helios(+) Tregs possess more suppressive characteristics, as compared to FoxP3(+)Helios(-) Tregs.
Revisiting the PnP Problem: A Fast, General and Optimal Solution (2013)

In this paper, we revisit the classical perspective-n-point (PnP) problem, and propose the first non-iterative O(n) solution that is fast, generally applicable and globally optimal. Our basic idea is to formulate the PnP problem into a functional minimization problem and retrieve all its stationary points by using the Gr"obner basis technique. The novelty lies in a non-unit quaternion representation to parameterize the rotation and a simple but elegant formulation of the PnP problem into an unconstrained optimization problem. Interestingly, the polynomial system arising from its first-order optimality condition assumes two-fold symmetry, a nice property that can be utilized to improve speed and numerical stability of a Grobner basis solver. Experiment results have demonstrated that, in terms of accuracy, our proposed solution is definitely better than the state-of-the-art O(n) methods, and even comparable with the reprojection error minimization method.
Synthesis of bis(arylsuh'onyl)furoxans from aryl nitromethyl sulfones (1977)

Abstract The synthesis of some symmetrically substituted bis(arylsulfonyl)furoxans from aryl nitromethyl sulfones is reported.
Evaluation of the STAT3 inhibitor GLG‑302 for the prevention of estrogen receptor‑positive and ‑negative mammary cancers (2019)

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a key role in the transformation of normal cells to cancerous cells. Although inhibitors of STAT3 have been shown to suppress the growth of multiple cancer types in vitro and in vivo, such agents are of particular interest for the prevention of breast cancer, which affects over 200,000 women and claims more than 40,000 lives in the United States each year. In the present study, we employed the MMTV/Neu transgenic mouse model, which develops estrogen receptor (ER)‑negative, Neu‑overexpressing tumors, and the Sprague‑Dawley (SD) rat model, which develops ER‑positive tumors upon exposure to the carcinogen 7,12‑dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), to test the efficacy of the STAT3 inhibitor GLG‑302 in the prevention of mammary cancer. Orally administered GLG‑302 and its trizma salt derivative reduced mammary cancer incidence, multiplicity, and tumor weights in female MMTV/Neu mice, and GLG‑302 reduced tumor multiplicity and weights in female DMBA‑treated rats. Consistent with the mechanism of action of STAT3 inhibitors, the reductions in mammary tumors were correlated with decreases in STAT3 phosphorylation and cell proliferation. These data suggest that GLG‑302 is a novel agent with potential for prevention of mammary cancer and support the further development of STAT3 inhibitors for this cause.
Activation Dependent and Independent VLA-4 Binding Sites on Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (1994)

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM) is a cytokine-inducible member of the immunoglobulin superfamily which binds to the integrin VLA-4. VCAM is expressed predominantly on the vascular endothelium where it is involved in the recruitment of mononuclear cells and lymphocytes to sites of inflammation. Two forms of VCAM containing six and seven Ig domains (VCAM-6d; VCAM-7d) are generated by alternative splicing but the physiological significance of this is unknown. We have utilised VCAM deletion mutants, VCAM-transfected cell lines and monoclonal antibodies to assess the functional importance of the individual VCAM domains. We have identified two binding sites on VCAM-7d located in domains 1 and 4 that are involved in the adhesion of the U937 human myelomonocytic cell line. Adhesion to domain 1 is temperature-independent, inhibited by the anti-VCAM mAbs 4B2 or lE10, and insensitive to PMA activation. In contrast, adhesion to domain 4 is temperature sensitive, unaffected by mAbs 4B2 or lE10 and augmented by PMA. Adhesion to both domains can be totally inhibited by the anti-VLA-4 mAb, 2B4. The anti-VCAM mAb 4B2 inhibits adhesion of U937 cells to stably transfected VCAM-7d-CHO cells at 4 degrees C, but, at 37 degrees C the effect of 4B2 on adhesion is modest with incubation times of less than 60 minutes duration. With longer incubation times, its effectiveness gradually increases, so that by 2 hours > 75% of the response can be blocked. Co-incubation with PMA prevents this time-dependent enhancement of 4B2 efficacy but has no significant effect on the inhibitory activity of the anti-VLA-4 mAb 2B4. These data can be explained by postulating a two stage ligand-receptor interaction that involves activation-induced changes in the avidity of VLA-4 for domain 4 of VCAM.
Frequency of a 30-base pair deletion in the latent membrane protein-1 gene in Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphomas in Japan. (2000)

The association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with various lymphoid malignancies has been reported. The precise pathogenesis of EBV in malignancies has not yet been elucidated. Latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-2 (EBNA-2) genes are suspected to be tumorigenic genes. Previous studies suggest that a deletion within the LMP-1 gene may increase the oncogenic potential of EBV. In this study, we analyzed the sequence within the carboxy terminal end of the LMP-1 gene in paraffin-embedded specimens from T-cell lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease (HD), and the buffy coat of peripheral blood from healthy individuals in Japan. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using primers spanning the carboxy terminal region of the LMP-1 gene, and sequence analysis was performed to show the exact location of the deletion. The PCR product of the Raji cell line was 161 base pairs (bp), and the LMP-1 gene with deletion was 30 bp shorter in a direct sequence of PCR products. The 30-bp deletion was located in position 168285-168256 of the Raji cell. A deletion within the LMP-1 gene was found in 4 of 25 cases (16%) of EBV-positive T-cell lymphomas, 4 of 10 cases (40%) of EBV-positive HD cases, and 2 of 13 specimens (15%) with amplified PCR products from 49 healthy individuals. The incidence of the 30-bp deletion within the LMP-1 gene in HD was comparable to that of subjects in the United States and Brazil, but the deletion was not found in a high proportion of EBV-positive T-cell lymphoid malignancies. No statistical significance was found regarding the clinical outcome between patients with a deletion within the LMP-1 gene and patients with wild-type LMP. This deletion cannot be considered as simply causing the pathogenesis of EBV-associated lymphoid malignancies in Japan.
Microchambers with Solid-State Phosphorescent Sensor for Measuring Single Mitochondrial Respiration (2016)

It is now well established that, even within a single cell, multiple copies of the mitochondrial genome may be present (genetic heteroplasmy). It would be interesting to develop techniques to determine if and to what extent this genetic variation results in functional variation from one mitochondrion to the next (functional heteroplasmy). Measuring mitochondrial respiration can reveal the organelles' functional capacity for Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and determine mitochondrial damage that may arise from genetic or age related defects. However, available technologies require significant quantities of mitochondria. Here, we develop a technology to assay the respiration of a single mitochondrion. Our "micro-respirometer" consists of micron sized chambers etched out of borofloat glass substrates and coated with an oxygen sensitive phosphorescent dye Pt(II) meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphine (PtTFPP) mixed with polystyrene. The chambers are sealed with a polydimethylsiloxane layer coated with oxygen impermeable Viton rubber to prevent diffusion of oxygen from the environment. As the mitochondria consume oxygen in the chamber, the phosphorescence signal increases, allowing direct determination of the respiration rate. Experiments with coupled vs. uncoupled mitochondria showed a substantial difference in respiration, confirming the validity of the microchambers as single mitochondrial respirometers. This demonstration could enable future high-throughput assays of mitochondrial respiration and benefit the study of mitochondrial functional heterogeneity, and its role in health and disease.
Successful treatment of ligneous conjunctivitis with topical fresh frozen plasma in an infant (2015)

A 6-month-old female infant presented to our clinic with bilateral eyelid swelling, yellowish-white membranes under both lids, and mucoid ocular discharge. Her aunt had similar ocular problems that were undiagnosed. The conjunctival membranes were excised and histopathological investigation of these membranes showed ligneous conjunctivitis. Further, laboratory examination revealed plasminogen deficiency. A good response was observed to topical fresh frozen plasma (FFP) treatment without systemic therapy, and the membranes did not recur during the treatment. Topical FFP treatment may facilitate rapid rehabilitation and prevent recurrence in patients with ligneous conjunctivitis.
Rapid and Sensitive Method for Detection of Y402, H402, I62, and V62 Variants of Complement Factor H in Human Plasma Samples Using Mass Spectrometry (2008)

A rapid and sensitive method has been developed for detection of V62, I62, H402, and Y402 variants of CFH in human plasma samples using mass spectrometry. This method can be used in clinical laboratories equipped with a basic inexpensive mass spectrometer capable of performing peptide fingerprinting.
Role of eosinophils in airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2018)

COPD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In some patients with COPD, eosinophils contribute to inflammation that promotes airway obstruction; approximately a third of stable COPD patients have evidence of eosinophilic inflammation. Although the eosinophil threshold associated with clinical relevance in patients with COPD is currently subject to debate, eosinophil counts hold potential as biomarkers to guide therapy. In particular, eosinophil counts may be useful in assessing which patients may benefit from inhaled corticosteroid therapy, particularly regarding exacerbation prevention. In addition, several therapies targeting eosinophilic inflammation are available or in development, including monoclonal antibodies targeting the IL5 ligand, the IL5 receptor, IL4, and IL13. The goal of this review was to describe the biologic characteristics of eosinophils, their role in COPD during exacerbations and stable disease, and their use as biomarkers to aid treatment decisions. We also propose an algorithm for inhaled corticosteroid use, taking into consideration eosinophil counts and pneumonia history, and emerging eosinophil-targeted therapies in COPD.
The UDP-Glucose Receptor P2RY14 Triggers Innate Mucosal Immunity in the Female Reproductive Tract by Inducing IL-8 (2009)

Innate mucosal immune responses, including recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns through Toll-like receptors, play an important role in preventing infection in the female reproductive tract (FRT). Damaged cells release nucleotides, including ATP and uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose (UDP-glucose), during inflammation and mechanical stress. We show in this report that P2RY14, a membrane receptor for UDP-glucose, is exclusively expressed in the epithelium, but not the stroma, of the FRT in humans and mice. P2RY14 and several proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8, are up-regulated in the endometria of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. UDP-glucose stimulated IL-8 production via P2RY14 in human endometrial epithelial cells but not stromal cells. Furthermore, UDP-glucose enhanced neutrophil chemotaxis in the presence of a human endometrial epithelial cell line in an IL-8-dependent manner. Administration of UDP-glucose into the mouse uterus induced expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and keratinocyte-derived cytokine, two murine chemokines that are functional homologues of IL-8, and augmented endometrial neutrophil recruitment. Reduced expression of P2RY14 by small interfering RNA gene silencing attenuated LPS- or UDP-glucose-induced leukocytosis in the mouse uterus. These results suggest that UDP-glucose and its receptor P2RY14 are key front line players able to trigger innate mucosal immune responses in the FRT bypassing the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Our findings would significantly impact the strategic design of therapies to modulate mucosal immunity by targeting P2RY14.
Certificateless generalized signcryption. (2010)

Generalized Signcryption is a fresh cryptographic primitive that not only can obtain encryption and signature in a single operation, but also provives encryption or signature alone when needed. This paper gives a formal definition of certificateless generalized signcryption and its security model is present. A concrete certificateless generalized signcryption scheme is also proposed in this paper.
Depression of action potential characteristics and a decreased space constant are present in postischemic, reperfused myocardium. (1987)

Brief periods of ischemia and reperfusion may lead to arrhythmias and delayed epicardial activation. To determine the nature of the electrophysiologic substrate and to gain insight into potential mechanisms underlying the electrophysiologic and hemodynamic abnormalities that develop in this setting, standard microelectrode techniques were used to measure action potential characteristics, conduction velocity, and space constants in canine isolated epicardial preparations removed after a 15-min anterior descending artery occlusion and 20-min reflow period in vivo. Our results demonstrate a significant reduction in conduction velocity (0.78 +/- 0.38 vs. 0.31 +/- 0.12 m/s, P less than 0.001), space constant (1.05 +/- 0.42 vs. 0.45 +/- 0.12 mm, P = 0.004), resting membrane potential (81.3 +/- 2.5 vs. 61.7 +/- 7.8 mV, P less than 0.001), action potential amplitude (94.1 +/- 4.2 vs. 64.1 +/- 1.5 mV, P less than 0.001), and dV/dT (164.7 +/- 37.3 vs. 52.6 +/- 19.7 V/s, P less than 0.001) in postischemic reperfused myocardium. The space constant and dV/dT each correlated with conduction velocity; in addition, the space constant was an independent predictor of conduction velocity in these tissues. These electrophysiologic abnormalities may play a role in the arrhythmias and abnormalities of contraction present in postischemic, reperfused myocardium.
Paraplegia Due to Paget's Disease (Osteitis Deformans) (1953)

Osteitis deformans, or Paget's disease, may affect any part of the skeleton in those of older years. While involvement of the spinal column is frequent, it is unusual for compression of the spinal cord to be produced. It is probable that this complication is com- moner than the literature would indicate, as it occurs in an age group in which accurate assessments of the nervous system are rarely made. Two cases are described and their relationship to the usual pattern of the disease discussed.
Long shelf-life, Al-anode micro-fabricated cells activated with alkaline–H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>electrolytes (2006)

Aluminum-anode micro fabricated electrochemical cells activated on demand are a power-MEMS alternative. Cells of this type activated with alkaline electrolyte aqueous solution (20 µl) that contains hydrogen peroxide continue to be studied herein. Hydroxide concentration in this liquid and the cell configuration are the two issues investigated. Both affect the mechanistic kinetics of the chemical reactions involved in the production of energy and can be used to improve the energetic gravimetric density of these cells. Of the four electrolyte recipes, the highest energetic densities per activation are found in cells with a 3 M hydroxide concentration. The cell fabrication involved depositing aluminum lines on a patterned dielectric structure on top of a platinum cathode. The mesh-shaped electrode structure on the masks is designed so cells with three dissimilar cathode:anode surface areas are fabricated, each with a different number and width of aluminum lines, allowing us to deconvolute the electrode area ratio effect from the cells' dimensional characteristics. The electrode area ratio can in fact be used to obtain energetic output up to 14 KJ g−1 of aluminum and is capable of providing a power output of 3.5 mW cm−2 (at a potential of approximately 0.6 V) for about 5 min.
Microglia remodel synapses by presynaptic trogocytosis and spine head filopodia induction (2018)

Microglia are highly motile glial cells that are proposed to mediate synaptic pruning during neuronal circuit formation. Disruption of signaling between microglia and neurons leads to an excess of immature synaptic connections, thought to be the result of impaired phagocytosis of synapses by microglia. However, until now the direct phagocytosis of synapses by microglia has not been reported and fundamental questions remain about the precise synaptic structures and phagocytic mechanisms involved. Here we used light sheet fluorescence microscopy to follow microglia-synapse interactions in developing organotypic hippocampal cultures, complemented by a 3D ultrastructural characterization using correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM). Our findings define a set of dynamic microglia-synapse interactions, including the selective partial phagocytosis, or trogocytosis (trogo-: nibble), of presynaptic structures and the induction of postsynaptic spine head filopodia by microglia. These findings allow us to propose a mechanism for the facilitatory role of microglia in synaptic circuit remodeling and maturation.
Enhancement of mosquito trapping efficiency by using pulse width modulated light emitting diodes (2017)

In this study, a light-driving bug zapper is presented for well controlling the diseases brought by insects, such as mosquitoes. In order to have the device efficient to trap the insect pests in off-grid areas, pulse width modulated light emitting diodes (PWM-LED) combined with a solar power module are proposed and implemented. With specific PWM electric signals to drive the LED, it is found that no matter what the ability of catching insects or the consumed power efficiency can be enhanced thus. It is demonstrated that 40% of the UV LED consumed power and 25.9% of the total load power consumption can be saved, and the trapped mosquitoes are about 250% increased when the PWM method is applied in the bug zapper experiments.