gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Carbon Dioxide and pH on Susceptibility of <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> Group to Erythromycin (1981)

We examined the effects of pH and incubation in a CO(2)-containing atmosphere on the activity of erythromycin against 81 strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group. A striking reduction in erythromycin activity was noted when the pH decreased below 7.0 and when the organisms were incubated with CO(2).
Autonomous convoy driving by night: The vehicle tracking system (2015)

Previous publications of our institute describe a robust vehicle tracking system for daylight conditions. This paper presents an improved vehicle tracking system which is able to detect and track the convoy leader also by twilight and night. The primary sensor equipment consists of a daytime camera, a LiDAR and an inertial navigation system. An expansion with a thermal and a lowlight camera was necessary to be robust against any illumination conditions. The system is capable of estimating the relative 3D position and orientation, the velocity and the steering angle of a convoy leader precisely in real-time. This makes it possible to follow the convoy leader's track. Another novelty is coupling a Kalman filter with a particle filter for higher stability and accuracy in vehicle tracking. The tracking system shows excellent functionality while driving more than 50km fully autonomously in urban- and unstructured environments at night.
Timing of ovulation after gonadotrophin induction and its importance to successful intrauterine insemination in the tiger ( <i>Panthera tigris</i> ) (1996)

The ovarian response to equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), the effect of timing of ovulation relative to hCG injection and the use of laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) were examined in two subspecies of tiger (Panthera tigris). Adult female tigers were subjected to the same eCG/hCG treatment followed by laparoscopy under xylazine/diazapam/ketamine HCl anaesthesia at 39-42 h (Group I, n = 9), 46-49 h (Group II, n = 5) or 51-55 h (Group III, n = 5) after hCG. Six of these females, observed to be postovulatory at the time of laparoscopy (Group II, n = 3; Group III, n = 3), were subjected to intrauterine AI. The number of preovulatory follicles observed on the ovaries of Group I females was twofold greater (P < 0.05) than the number observed on ovaries of females in Group II and III. Fewer (P < 0.05) corpora lutea were observed on ovaries of Group I females (1.3 +/- 0.6) compared with the number of corpora lutea in Group II and III (combined average, 7.8 +/- 0.8 corpora lutea per female). Only one of ten females in Groups II and III failed to ovulate by the time of laparoscopy. Four Group I females never ovulated, based on a laparoscopic re-evaluation 4 weeks later. One female inseminated 46 h after hCG (Group II) became pregnant and delivered a healthy cub after a normal gestation. There were no apparent differences between subspecies in response to the same ovulation induction protocol. Results demonstrate the importance of the relationship between exogenous gonadotrophin treatment and onset of anaesthesia for laparoscopic examination and AI in tigers. Data clearly indicate that anaesthesia/laparoscopy conducted too early (39-42 h after hCG) compromises the number of females and proportion of follicles ovulating. In contrast, ovulation success is high if anaesthesia/laparoscopy is performed after this time, and intrauterine insemination can result in healthy young.
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of analogs of 1-methylisoguanosine (1981)

A series of analogues of the pharmacologically active marine natural product 1-methylisoguanosine (1) was evaluated for biological activity in muscle relaxant, cardiovascular, antiinflammatory, and antiallergic tests. Modifications at the 1 position produced the ethyl, n-butyl, n-octyl, and phenyl derivatives 3-6, respectively. Substitutions at the 8 position provided the bromo, hydrazino and amino compounds 9-11. Modification at the 5' position yielded the deoxy, iodo, and phosphate derivatives 15, 13, and 16, as well as the cyclic 3',5'-phosphate 17. The synthesis of the C-nucleoside analogue 19 was achieved from the beta-D-ribofuranosylcarboximidic ester 20. The acyclic analogue 29 and the beta-D-arabinofuranosyl derivative 35 were both synthesized by reaction of methyl isocyanate with the appropriately protected aminocyanoimidazole precursors 28 and 32. 1-Methylxanthosine (12), isoguanosine (7), and 2-methoxyadenosine (18) were also synthesized. At doses up to 100 mg/kg po, the 5'-phosphate 16, cyclic 3',5'-phosphate 17, and the O-methylated analogue 2-methoxyadenosine 18 were active in producing muscle relaxation and hypothermia. These compounds possessed antiallergic activity and produced dose-dependent falls in mean blood pressure and heart rate as did the 1-ethyl (3) and 1-n-butyl (4) analogues. In general, antiinflammatory activity paralleled the other results, except that the cyclic 3',5'-phosphate 17 was inactive at the dose tested, while the 3,5'-anhydronucleoside 14 was weakly active and displayed antiallergic effects.
Panoramic Electrophysiological Mapping but not Electrogram Morphology Identifies Stable Sources for Human Atrial Fibrillation (2013)

Stable rotors and focal sources for human AF were revealed by contact panoramic mapping (focal impulse and rotor modulation mapping), but not by electrogram footprints. AF sources precessed within areas of ≈2 cm(2), with diverse voltage characteristics poorly correlated with CFAE. Most CFAE sites lie remote from AF sources and are not suitable targets for catheter ablation of AF.
Synthesis of a gene for human serum albumin and its expression in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1990)

A 1761 base pairs long artificial gene coding for human serum albumin (HSA) has been prepared by a newly developed synthetic approach, resulting in the largest synthetic gene so far described. Oligonucleotides corresponding to only one strand of the HSA gene were prepared by chemical synthesis, while the complementary strand was obtained by a combination of enzymatic and cloning steps. 24 synthetic, 69-85 nucleotides long oligonucleotides covering the major part of the HSA gene (41-1761 nucleotides) were used as building blocks. Generally, four groups of 6-6 such oligonucleotides were successively cloned in pUC19 Escherichia coli vector to obtain about quarters of the gene as large fragments. Joining of these four fragments resulted in a cloned DNA coding for the 13-585 amino acid region of HSA, which was further supplemented with a double-stranded linker sequence coding for the amino terminal 12 amino acids. The completed structural gene composed of frequently used codons in the highly expressed yeast genes was then supplied with yeast regulatory sequences and the HSA expression cassette so obtained was inserted into an Escherichia coli-Saccharomyces cerevisiae shuttle vector. This vector was shown to direct the expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of correctly processed, mature HSA which was recognized by antiserum to HSA, and possessed the correct N-terminal amino acid sequence.
Generation of Broad Specificity Antibodies for Sulfonamide Antibiotics and Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for the Analysis of Milk Samples (2009)

Immunoreagents appropriately produced to detect a wide range of sulfonamide antibiotic congeners have been used to develop a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The selectivity has been achieved by combining antibodies raised against 5-[6-(4-aminobenzenesulfonylamino)pyridin-3-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid (SA1), covalently coupled to horseshoe crab hemocyanin (HCH), and 5-[4-(amino)phenylsulfonamide]-5-oxopentanoic acid (SA2), coupled to ovalbumin (OVA), on an indirect ELISA format. The immunizing hapten has been designed to address selectivity against the common aminobenzenesulfonylamino moieties, using theoretical calculations and molecular modeling tools. Hapten SA1 has been synthesized in four steps from methyl 5-(4-amino-3-pyridinyl)-2-methyl-4-pentenoate through a Heck reaction, under Jeffery conditions, to avoid introduction of additional epitopes in the linker. The microplate immunoassay developed is able to reach the necessary detectability for the determination of the sulfonamide antibiotics most frequently used in the veterinary field, in compliance with the EC Regulation 2377/90. As an example, the IC50 and LOD values accomplished for sulfapyridine are 2.86 ± 0.24 and 0.13 ± 0.03 μg L−1, respectively. Studies performed with different types of milk samples demonstrate that direct and accurate measurements can be performed in this type of matrix without any previous sample cleanup method.
Stability and infectivity of novel pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in blood-derived matrices under different storage conditions (2011)

These data indicate that encapsidated viral RNA was stable overall in all three liquid matrices at room temperature or 4°C although it was most stable in PBS; virus infectivity in buffy coats at 4°C decayed in a time dependent manner while it remained unchanged in plasma. These findings have implications for storage, handling and transport of blood derived samples from influenza patients for epidemiological and laboratory investigations. It should be noted that there is little known about influenza viremia, and whether influenza viruses can be transmitted by blood or blood derived samples.
COMPARISON OF UWB SHORT-PULSE AND STEPPED-FREQUENCY RADAR SYSTEMS FOR IMAGING THROUGH BARRIERS (2010)

A canonical problem is used to investigate the effects of various radar parameters on the performance of both steppedfrequency and short-pulse through-barrier radar imaging systems. For simplicity, a two-dimensional problem is considered, consisting of a perfectly conducting strip located behind a lossy dielectric slab of infinite extent illuminated by line sources. To assess the impact of the parameters on system performance, radar received images of the target are created using the reflected field computed at several positions in front of the barrier and adjacent to the sources. Specific radar parameters considered include sample rate, A/D bit length, pulse width, and target SNR for a time-domain system. For a steppedfrequency system, A/D bit length, bandwidth, and target SNR are considered.
The tetrapeptide acetyl‐serine‐aspartyl‐lysine‐proline improves skin flap survival and accelerates wound healing (2006)

The tetrapeptide acetyl-serine-aspartyl-lysine-proline (AcSDKP) has recently been recognized as a potent angiogenic factor. Given the importance of vascular blood supply in the process of tissue repair we have investigated the ability of AcSDKP to contribute to the repair of cutaneous injuries by using dorsal and abdominal skin flap models. Postoperative subdermal AcSDKP injections (5 microg/kg/injection twice a day for 3 days following flap elevation) prevented marginally perfused areas from undergoing necrosis. Mean skin survival area of abdominal and dorsal flaps ranged, respectively, from 50.9+/-19.3 and 53.4+/-4.2% in the control groups to 66.4+/-7.5 and 74.7+/-6.6% in AcSDKP-treated groups. Furthermore, in an ex vivo assay, AcSDKP applied locally to skin explants at doses from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M improved survival of the explanted skin exposed to UVB irradiation at 10 J/cm2. Increased reepithelialization, as well as higher levels of expression of basal keratin 14 and increased expression of fibronectin was observed after topical application of AcSDKP. These data provide experimental evidence that AcSDKP can improve the viability of ischemic skin flaps in the rat by promoting angiogenesis. Moreover, it enhances wound healing of injured avascular skin explants. Thus, these findings identify AcSDKP as a new tissue-repair agent and suggest its potential clinical use for the management of skin wounds.
Analysis of in vitro secretion profiles from adipose-derived cell populations (2012)

The use of mixed adipose cell populations does not appear to induce cellular stress and results in enhanced secretion profiles. Given the importance of secreted cytokines in cell therapy, the use of a mixed cell population such as the SVF with adipocytes may be considered as an alternative to MSCs or fresh SVF alone.
Selective Transendothelial Migration of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells: A Role in Homing of Progenitor Cells (1999)

To elucidate the mechanisms by which hematopoietic progenitor cells transmigrate via the bone marrow (BM) endothelial cells, we first established endothelial cell lines from BM and lung, and BM fibroblast cell lines; then we established an in vitro model of transendothelial migration of hematopoietic progenitor cells in the presence of chemoattractants secreted by BM fibroblast cells. The BM endothelial cells expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), but the lung endothelial cells did not. The BM fibroblast cells secreted chemoattractants including stroma cell-derived factor (SDF)-1, which could attract hematopoietic progenitor cells to BM and activate the adhesion molecules expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells after rolling along the endothelial cells. Anti-SDF-1 antibody inhibited the transendothelial migration of a hematopoietic progenitor cell line, FDCP-2. FDCP-2 that expressed very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4) and normal progenitor cells transmigrated through BM endothelial cells but not lung endothelial cells, even if in the presence of chemoattractants produced by BM fibroblasts. Both anti-VLA-4 and anti-VCAM-1 antibodies inhibited the transendothelial migration of FDCP-2 cells and normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. These findings suggest that the transendothelial migration of hematopoietic progenitor cells is characteristic of BM endothelial cells, and that VLA-4/VCAM-1 and SDF-1 play important roles in the transendothelial migration and, consequently, homing of hematopoietic progenitor cells to BM.
Platelet Storage — Time to Come in from the Cold? (2003)

Refrigerated platelets have better in vitro function than those stored at room temperature,1 but once transfused, they are rapidly cleared from the circulation. Thus, platelets are currently stored at room temperature for up to five days. Unfortunately, storage at room temperature also creates optimal conditions for the growth of pathogens. Although the blood supply is tested for many pathogens, there is currently no mandatory test for bacterial contamination, and the estimated incidence of bacterial contamination of platelets is high: 1 in 2000 units. Cold storage would clearly improve the safety of platelet transfusion, and a recent study by Hoffmeister and . . .
Room temperature fabrication of p-channel Cu<sub>2</sub>O thin-film transistors on flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrates (2012)

The effects of growth temperature on the microstructure evolution and electrical transport properties of Cu2O films were investigated. Nanocrystalline Cu2O films with modest p-type semiconducting properties (Hall mobilities ∼20 cm2/Vs, hole concentrations ∼1016 cm−3) were successfully prepared at room temperature without post-annealing. Bottom gate and top contact p-channel Cu2O thin-film transistors (TFTs) were constructed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrates at room temperature, which shows superior transfer performance (field effect mobility ∼2.40 cm2/Vs and current on/off ratio ∼3.96 × 104). The low processing temperature and the good electrical performance of the p-type Cu2O TFTs suggest their good potential for applications in high-throughput and low-cost electronics.
Group A Streptococcal Infections and Acute Rheumatic Fever (1991)

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES (group A streptococcus) is one of the most common and ubiquitous of human pathogens. It causes a wide array of infections, the most frequent of which are acute pharyngitis ("strep throat") and impetigo (pyoderma). Other manifestations of infection with group A streptococcus include sinusitis, otitis, peritonsillar and retropharyngeal abscess, pneumonia, scarlet fever, erysipelas, cellulitis, lymphangitis, puerperal sepsis, vaginitis, myositis, gangrene, and perianal cellulitis. The organism has, moreover, long been the focus of intense clinical and investigative interest because of its association with two nonsuppurative sequelae: acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. Infections caused by group A streptococci were . . .
ELECTRICALLY ACTIVATED MECHANOCHEMICAL DEVICES USING POLYELECTROLYTE GELS (1985)

Abstract We report the first model of electrically activated mechanochemical system made of polyelectrolyte gels which contracts, oscillates, and bends reversibly. On the basis of this principle a variety of devices which function under electric stimulus, i.e., a “chemical valve” membrane expanding and contracting the pore size, a switching oscillating 15 to 100 times per minute, and a composite bending like “bimetal” were developed.
Mechanisms of pain relief by vibration and movement. (1992)

Mechanisms of pain relief induced by vibration and movement were investigated. A CO2 laser beam, which is useful for pure nociceptive stimulation, was used for recording pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials (pain SEPs) and for measuring pain threshold and reaction time (RT). Concurrently applied vibratory stimuli to and active movements of the fingers significantly reduced and prolonged pain SEPs, increased pain threshold, and prolonged RT, indicating that an increase in the inhibitory mechanisms of painful feeling was induced by the concurrently adopted sensory inputs mediated by large myelinated fibres. In contrast, continuous cooling enhanced pain SEPs and decreased pain threshold, probably due to the spatial summation of two kinds of nociceptive impulses mediated by the same pathways. The results of this investigation throw light on the mechanisms of the alleviation of pain by vibration and movement.
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Activity Regulates Tomato Root Growth via Effects on Secondary Cell Wall Production   (2010)

Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Moneymaker') plants independently expressing fragments of various genes encoding enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in antisense orientation have previously been characterized as exhibiting altered root growth. In this study, we evaluate the rates of respiration of roots from these lines in addition to determining their total dry weight accumulation. Given that these features were highly correlated, we decided to carry out an evaluation of the cell wall composition in the transformants that revealed a substantial reduction in cellulose. Since the bulk of cellulose is associated with the secondary cell walls in roots, we reasoned that the transformants most likely were deficient in secondary wall cellulose production. Consistent with these findings, cross-sections of the root collar (approximately 15 mm from the junction between root and stem) displayed reduced lignified secondary cell walls for the transformants. In contrast, cell and cell wall patterning displayed no differences in elongating cells close to the root tip. To further characterize the modified cell wall metabolism, we performed feeding experiments in which we incubated excised root tips in [U-(14)C]glucose in the presence or absence of phosphonate inhibitors of the reaction catalyzed by 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase. Taken together, the combined results suggest that restriction of root respiration leads to a deficit in secondary cell wall synthesis. These data are discussed in the context of current models of biomass partitioning and plant growth.
The Relationship Between Trade and Foreign Investment: Empirical Results for Taiwan and South Korea (1998)

This paper presents empirical evidence for Taiwan and Korea bearing on whether outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade of these nations are substitutes or complements, i.e., whether a greater stock of FDI held by a nation is associated with decreases or increases of its exports and imports. This is an issue that has long concerned policymakers in the large industrial nations, who have worried about possible negative effects of outward FDI upon the nation's balance of payments and employment of its work force. Thus, a number of empirical studies have been published regarding this issue for these countries, but not for developing or newly industrializing countries.
The Benzyne and Related Intermediates. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Benzyne and Related Intermediates.H. HeaneyCite this: Chem. Rev. 1962, 62, 2, 81–97Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60216a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60216a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3097Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Visualization of pulsed vortex generator jets for active control of boundary layer separation (1997)

The interaction of pulsed vortex generator jets with a zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer has been studied from the perspective of vorticity dynamics. The improved performance of the pulsed vortex generator jets is attributed to the formation, stretching and bending of the starting vortex ring in these jet flows. The shear in the boundary layer amplifies the vorticity of the starting ring and re-directs it into the streamwise direction. The pitching and skewing of the jet is necessary to create the initial tilt of the starting vortex ring with respect to the mean flow. The source of the supplementary streamwise vorticity is the jet boundary layer fluid, which rolls up into the starting vortex in the initial phase of jet ejection. Flow visualization experiments confirmed that the extra benefits obtained from pulsing the vortex generator jets stems from the alteration of flow structure. The pulsed VGJs create vortex ring-like structures that are inclined with respect to the freestream.