gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic islet beta cells drive T cell-immune responses in the nonobese diabetic mouse model. (1995)

The role of autoantigens and that of target organs in which tissue lesions develop remains elusive in most spontaneous models of autoimmune diseases. Whether the presence of target autoantigens is required for the recruitment of autoreactive lymphocytes is unknown in most cases. To evaluate the importance of islet cells in the development of autoimmunity in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, we generated beta cell-deprived mice by injecting a high dose of alloxan, a toxic agent specific for beta cells. In contrast with spleen cells from 6-mo-old naive NOD mice which transfer diabetes in irradiated 8-mo-old male recipients, spleen cells from age-matched NOD mice which received a single injection of alloxan at 3 wk of age did not transfer diabetes. With the exception of the ability to transfer diabetes, beta cell-deprived NOD mice showed maintained immune competence. Furthermore, sialitis developed with the expected intensity and prevalence in beta cell-deprived mice. Already committed "diabetogenic" spleen cells collected from spontaneously diabetic mice also showed a reduced capacity to transfer diabetes after their removal from the diabetic mice and transient "parking" in beta cell-deprived mice. Taken together, our data bring evidence that involvement of autoreactive T cells detected by the capacity to transfer diabetes requires the presence of target beta cells.
Immunophenotypic characterization of canine lymphoproliferative disorders. (1997)

One hundred ninety six dogs with spontaneously occurring lymphoproliferative disorders were immunophenotyped. Dogs with lymphoma (175) were determined to be derived from B-cells in 134/175 (76%), T-cells in 38/175 (22%) and 3/175 (2%) were null cells (non-reactive with any canine-specific lymphocyte antibody). Dogs with T-cell lymphomas were at significantly higher risk of relapse and early death compared with B-cell lineage lymphoma following therapy (52 vs. 160 days; p < 0.001 and 153 vs. 330 days; p < 0.001, respectively). Hypercalcemia was associated only with CD4+ lymphomas. A nonimmunoglobulin B-cell marker (B5), expressed in 95% of nonneoplastic lymphocytes, was expressed at a reduced level in 63% (64/104) of dogs with B-cell lymphoma. Dogs with lymphoma in which the B5 antigen was expressed below normal levels experienced shorter progression free survival (125 vs. 202 days; p < 0.05) and overall survival times (203 vs. 385 days; p < 0.05) than dogs with B-cell lymphoma in which the B5 antigen was expressed normally. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in dogs was primarily associated with a CD8+ phenotype (8/12) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia was determined to be of either null cell (4/9) or T-cell (3/9) phenotype. Although canine and human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are phenotypically similar, canine leukemia is phenotypically distinct from human leukemia. The development of canine-specific probes has facilitated a priori assessment of treatment outcome in dogs with lymphoma and may in the future contribute to the comparative understanding of leukemo- and lymphoma-genesis in these species.
Tunable Crystal Nanostructures of Pentacene Thin Films on Gate Dielectrics Possessing Surface‐Order Control (2008)

Abstract To enhance the electrical performance of pentacene‐based field‐effect transistors (FETs) by tuning the surface‐induced ordering of pentacene crystals, we controlled the physical interactions at the semiconductor/gate dielectric (SiO 2 ) interface by inserting a hydrophobic self‐assembled monolayer (SAM, CH 3 ‐terminal) of organoalkyl‐silanes with an alkyl chain length of C8, C12, C16, or C18, as a complementary interlayer. We found that, depending on the physical structure of the dielectric surfaces, which was found to depend on the alkyl chain length of the SAM (ordered for C18 and disordered for C8), the pentacene nano‐layers in contact with the SAM could adopt two competing crystalline phases—a “thin‐film phase” and “bulk phase” – which affected the π ‐conjugated nanostructures in the ultrathin and subsequently thick films. The field‐effect mobilities of the FET devices varied by more than a factor of 3 depending on the alkyl chain length of the SAM, reaching values as high as 0.6 cm 2 V −1 s −1 for the disordered SAM‐treated SiO 2 gate‐dielectric. This remarkable change in device performance can be explained by the production of well π ‐conjugated and large crystal grains in the pentacene nanolayers formed on a disordered SAM surface. The enhanced electrical properties observed for systems with disordered SAMs can be attributed to the surfaces of these SAMs having fewer nucleation sites and a higher lateral diffusion rate of the first seeding pentacene molecules on the dielectric surfaces, due to the disordered and more mobile surface state of the short alkyl SAM.
Ion transport asymmetry and functional coupling in bovine pigmented and nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells (1994)

The solute and water transport properties of the bovine ciliary epithelium were studied using isolated pigmented (PE) and nonpigmented (NPE) cells. It was shown that these cells were functionally coupled by demonstrating dye diffusion between paired PE and NPE cells after microinjection of lucifer yellow. Electronic cell sizing was used to measure cell volume changes of isolated PE and NPE cells in suspension after anisosmotic perturbations and after transport inhibition under isosmotic conditions. The PE cells showed the presence of a regulatory volume increase when subjected to osmotic shrinkage with NaCl, whereas the NPE cells did not demonstrate a regulatory volume increase under these conditions. In contrast, the NPE cells exhibited a regulatory volume decrease when subjected to osmotic swelling, whereas the PE cells did not recover from swelling. The regulatory volume decrease in NPE cells was inhibited by increased bath K or pretreatment with quinine (1 mM). The presence of a bumetanide-sensitive mechanism capable of moving measurable amounts of solute and water, probably Na-K-2Cl cotransport, was demonstrated in the PE cells but absent in the NPE cells. Bumetanide produced a dose-dependent shrinkage of PE cells at concentrations as low as 1 microM. Isosmotically reducing bath Cl, Na, or K concentration caused a rapid shrinkage of PE cells that was bumetanide inhibitable. The asymmetry of transport properties in PE and NPE cells supports a functional syncytium model of aqueous humor formation (39) across the two layers of the ciliary epithelium wherein ion uptake from the blood is carried out by the PE cells and ion extrusion by the NPE cells. Gap-junction coupling between the cells allows the ions taken up by the PE cells to move into the NPE cells. Extrusion of Na by the Na-K pump across the aqueous facing (basolateral) membranes of the NPE cells, most likely accompanied by Cl, determines the formation of the aqueous humor.
Properties and biosynthesis of a vitamin K-dependent calcium binding protein in bone. (1978)

Bone, whether of endochondral or intramembranous origin, contains the vitamin K-dependent calcium binding amino acid residue gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) in a small, anionic protein we have named osteocalcin. This protein, which constitutes 0.5 to 1.0% of the total bone proteins and about 20% of the noncollagenous protein, is extractable by EDTA, and contains at least 90% of bone Gla. Analysis of purified osteocalcin from chicken bone and independent sequence studies of an analogous bovine bone protein show no apparent homology to the Gla-containing region of prothrombin. Chicken osteocalcin specifically binds 2 moles of calcium ions per 6,500 g protein. Employing coumarin drugs and vitamin K-deficient diets, vitamin K-dependent osteocalcin biosynthesis has been demonstrated in the chick before and after hatching. Organ cultures of embryonic chick bone show de novo synthesis of osteocalcin, and microsomal preparations of embryonic bone also exhibit vitamin K-dependent carboxylase activity. In addition to the presence of osteocalcin in bone, a Gla-protein of unknown function is present in normal nonmineralized kidney cortex. Furthermore, in various pathological calcifications such as hard atheromatous plaque, renal calculi, and subcutaneous ectopic calcifications other Gla-proteins are found, thus implicating such proteins and vitamin K in many facets of calcium metabolism.
Soluble factor from the hypertrophied left ventricle of dogs in experimental hypertension (1988)

Our study concerned the existence of humoral factor(s) in cardiac hypertrophy arising from experimental perinephritic hypertension in dogs. Hypertension was induced by the method of Page with some modifications. A microassay technique was used on cultured neonatal rat heart cells. Heart extract from the hypertrophied left ventricle of dogs with experimentally induced renal hypertension, but not sham-operated dogs, increased the uptake of 3H-uridine by cultured rat heart cells. At a final heart extract concentration of 5 X 10(-3)% v/v (1-3 micrograms/ml), 3H-uridine was increased by a mean of about 15%, from four experiments. High performance liquid chromatography showed that the heart extract contained at least 16 molecules. Among them, a molecule of approximately 11,200 molecular weight stimulated the uptake of both 3H-uridine and 14C-leucine by cultured rat heart cells. These results indicate that the heart extract from the hypertrophied left ventricle of dogs with experimentally induced renal hypertension contained a factor that might induce and/or modulate myocardial hypertrophy in the model of hypertension.
Zaϊre, Rwanda, Burundi: University of Leeds (1974)

Since 1966 the Brotherton Library has been acquiring material published in and relating to Zaire, Rwanda and Burundi, the African countries formerly administered by Belgium. Acquisition has been concentrated on the social sciences, humanities and official publications. Up to present approximately 250 books and pamphlets have been obtained for the collection, about half of these consisting of items published in the area. This figure does not include periodical volumes and items on microfiche. (1) Zaïre Publications from Zaïre (formerly Congo-Kinshasa) make up the largest part of the material from central Africa. The bulk of these are publications of the Université Nationale du Zaïre, Kinshasa, especially of its Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales. We have also had some success in collecting Zaïrean official publications, particularly those issued by the Office National de la Recherche et du Développement.
A Study on the Wire Drawing of Stainless Steel (2007)

Stainless steel is very famous for using of industrials structure and joint elements. Stainless steel wire drawing is one of the most ancient crafts. But there's not any standard size of tapered die during tile drawing. This paper was studied die angle and dimension of whole die by using AFDEX drawing simulator. Stress, metal flow and strain rate was analyzed by AFDEX tools during the wire drawing. So optimum data of during dies was taken from them. Simulation data was correspond with experimental data. The results of the optimum dies are shown that (1) Reduction angle is (2) Bark relief angle is (3) Bearing length is 0.7975mm (4) Bearing dia is 0.2393mm The research of the optimum result when the make dies is connected an enterprise. After researching, I hope that indirection effect creation make development situation of the manufactural technical, practical application of the other die size by the detail data, utility factor and economical efficiency.
Event-triggered strategies for industrial control over wireless networks (2008)

New event-based sampling strategies can support the efficient use of radio resources in wireless control systems. Motivated by the recent introduction of wireless network nodes in process control industry, we consider the particular demands these closed-loop systems set on the wireless communication and the influence the communication has on the control performance. In the paper, it is pointed out that by letting sensor nodes transmit only when needed, it is possible to minimize the communication bandwidth utilization in these systems. We show how classical control strategies commonly based on periodic sampling, such as proportional-integral-derivative control and minimum variance control, can be cast in an event-based setting in which decentralized communication decisions are taken suitable for commonly used contention-based medium access control protocols. Event-triggered sampling for estimation is also reviewed. Simulated examples illustrate the results.
Homogeneous Palladium Catalyst Suppressing Pd Black Formation in Air Oxidation of Alcohols (2004)

In homogeneous catalyst systems, there is the persistent problem that metal aggregation and precipitation cause catalyst decomposition and considerable loss of catalytic activity. Pd black formation is a typical example. Pd catalysts are known to easily aggregate and form Pd black, although they realize a wide variety of useful reactions in organic synthesis. In order to overcome this intrinsic problem of homogeneous Pd catalysis, we explored a new class of Pd catalyst by adopting aerobic oxidation of alcohols as a probe reaction. Herein we report a new catalyst system that suppresses the Pd black formation even under air and with a high substrate to catalyst molar ratio (S/C: more than 1000) in oxidation of alcohols. The novel pyridine derivatives having a 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylphenyl substituent and its higher dendritic unit at the 3-position of the pyridine ring were found to be excellent ligands with Pd(OAc)2 in the palladium-catalyzed air (balloon) oxidation of alcohols in toluene at 80 degrees C. Comparison with structurally related pyridine ligands revealed that introduction of the 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylphenyl substituent at the 3-position of pyridine ring effectively suppresses the Pd black formation, maintaining the catalytic activity for a long time to give aldehydes or ketones as products in high yields.
EFFECTS OF OZONE TREATMENT ON MICROFLORA OF POULTRY MEAT (1979)

Opzone was produced using a Welsbach ozonator and measured by an iodometric titration method. Microbiological characteristics of ozone treated and air treated control samples were studied. Ozone treated broiler parts had consistently lower microbial counts than the control parts during the entire refrigerated observation period. Using log total microbial counts of 7.0 cm2 as a spoilage criterion, broiler parts treated with ozone had extended shelf-lives for 2.4 days. Ozone treated samples contained about 52.7% gram-positive cocci, while the air treated control samples had 39.6% gram-positive cocci. Air treated control samples had 22.4% gram-negative rods while the ozone treated samples had only 12.7% gram-negative rods. Studies using microflora from spoiled poultry meat have also demonstrated that ozone treatment preferentially destroyed gram-negative rod-type organisms.
Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Derived from New Sulfone Monomers with Pendent Sulfonic Acid Groups (2010)

New monomers containing two or four pendent phenyl groups were synthesized by bromination of bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone, followed by Suzuki coupling with benzeneboronic acid. The resulting monomers were converted to the corresponding sulfonated monomers having two or four pendent sulfonic acid groups, predominately at the p-phenyl position. Aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) polycondensation using the di- and tetrasulfonated monomers provided sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers S2-PAES-xx and S4-PAES-xx, respectively, where xx refers to the molar ratio of the sulfonated to non-sulfonated pendent phenyl monomer. Copoly(arylene ether sulfone)s based on the corresponding non-sulfonated monomers were also synthesized for a parallel study on postpolymerization sulfonation of these copolymers. Postsulfonation occurred predominately at the para-pendent phenyl site, and the reactions were complete within a short time (about 30 min), without evidence of chain degradation. Flexible and tough membranes having high mechanical strength were obtained by solution casting of all four series of copolymers. The copolymers with two or four pendent sulfonic acid groups had high proton conductivities in the range of 44−142 mS/cm for S2-PAES-xx and 51−158 mS/cm for S4-PAES-xx at room temperature, respectively. The methanol permeabilities of these copolymers were in the range of 0.8 × 10−8−15.0 × 10−7 cm2/s, which is lower than Nafion (16.7 × 10−7 cm2/s). The S4-PAES-xx membranes displayed better properties (lower water uptake and higher proton conductivities) than the S2-PAES-xx membranes, which can be attributed to the more blocky architecture of the sulfonic acid groups in the S4 membranes. A combination of high proton conductivities, low water uptake, and low methanol permeabilities for some of the obtained copolymers indicated that they are good candidate materials for proton exchange membrane in fuel cell applications.
Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (1997)

IXth Belgian Week of Gastroenterology – Knokke 20/02/1997
3D facial image analysis for human identification (2003)

Presents a new method based on 3D facial section analysis for human face identification. The range data on different curves of intersection, such as, vertical, horizontal, and circular, with the 3D face are used as the distinguishing surface features. These are robust against changes in makeup and lighting as compared to the 2D approach, and more efficient for computation and data storage than other 3D approaches. The performance of this method for human face identification is evaluated through several matching experiments. It has been observed that the curves of intersection crossing the facial central area vertically and contain the features, like, nose and mouth, have the major distinctiveness. Those crossing near the inner corners of the eyes and a part of the nose are also effective for human face identification. But it seems that such an effectiveness requires the accurate extraction of the sections against their locational variations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Imaging protein synthesis in cells and tissues with an alkyne analog of puromycin (2011)

Synthesis of many proteins is tightly controlled at the level of translation, and plays an essential role in fundamental processes such as cell growth and proliferation, signaling, differentiation, or death. Methods that allow imaging and identification of nascent proteins are critical for dissecting regulation of translation, both spatially and temporally, particularly in whole organisms. We introduce a simple and robust chemical method to image and affinity-purify nascent proteins in cells and in animals, based on an alkyne analog of puromycin, O-propargyl-puromycin (OP-puro). OP-puro forms covalent conjugates with nascent polypeptide chains, which are rapidly turned over by the proteasome and can be visualized or captured by copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Unlike methionine analogs, OP-puro does not require methionine-free conditions and, uniquely, can be used to label and assay nascent proteins in whole organisms. This strategy should have broad applicability for imaging protein synthesis and for identifying proteins synthesized under various physiological and pathological conditions in vivo.
M13 Bacteriophage-Based Self-Assembly Structures and Their Functional Capabilities (2015)

Controlling the assembly of basic structural building blocks in a systematic and orderly fashion is an emerging issue in various areas of science and engineering such as physics, chemistry, material science, biological engineering, and electrical engineering. The self-assembly technique, among many other kinds of ordering techniques, has several unique advantages and the M13 bacteriophage can be utilized as part of this technique. The M13 bacteriophage (Phage) can easily be modified genetically and chemically to demonstrate specific functions. This allows for its use as a template to determine the homogeneous distribution and percolated network structures of inorganic nanostructures under ambient conditions. Inexpensive and environmentally friendly synthesis can be achieved by using the M13 bacteriophage as a novel functional building block. Here, we discuss recent advances in the application of M13 bacteriophage self-assembly structures and the future of this technology.
A spread spectrum radiolocation technique and its application to cellular radio (2002)

A method for locating mobile stations in a cellular telephone system is analyzed. This method uses hyperbolic multilateration of direct sequence radio signals that are transmitted by the mobile after it has been polled. The channel that would be necessary for the radiolocation signal could be created by reusing an entire 10-MHz mobile radio bandwidth. A direct-sequence locating system has been modeled and simulated using a multipath database for a dense urban environment. Location error statistics and statistics on locating mobiles in a cellular grid are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Impairing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling<i>in vivo</i>: Targeted disruption of the FSH receptor leads to aberrant gametogenesis and hormonal imbalance (1998)

Pituitary gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone stimulate the gonads by regulating germ cell proliferation and differentiation. FSH receptors (FSH-Rs) are localized to testicular Sertoli cells and ovarian granulosa cells and are coupled to activation of the adenylyl cyclase and other signaling pathways. Activation of FSH-Rs is considered essential for folliculogenesis in the female and spermatogenesis in the male. We have generated mice lacking FSH-R by homologous recombination. FSH-R-deficient males are fertile but display small testes and partial spermatogenic failure. Thus, although FSH signaling is not essential for initiating spermatogenesis, it appears to be required for adequate viability and motility of the sperms. FSH-R-deficient females display thin uteri and small ovaries and are sterile because of a block in folliculogenesis before antral follicle formation. Although the expression of marker genes is only moderately altered in FSH-R -/- mice, drastic sex-specific changes are observed in the levels of various hormones. The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in females is enlarged and reveals a larger number of FSH- and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-positive cells. The phenotype of FSH-R -/- mice is reminiscent of human hypergonadotropic ovarian dysgenesis and infertility.
A Simulink(c)-based approach to system level design and architecture selection (2002)

We propose a design flow for low-power and low-cost, data-dominated, embedded systems which tightly integrate different technologies and architectures. We use Mathworks' Simulink(c) environment for functional specification and analysis of performance criteria such as timing (latency and throughput) and power dissipation. The flow can exploit trade-offs between software and hardware as well as between digital and analog implementations, and it can generate, respectively, the C, VHDL and Skill codes of the selected architecture. The proposed system has several cost functions such as power consumption, speed, area, and it can optimize the design according to any of them.
CDA is a New Chromosomally-determined Antibiotic from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (1983)

Mutations (cda) leading to non-production of the new calcium-dependent antibiotic (CDA) of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) were closely linked on the chromosome. One representative mutation (cda-1) was mapped precisely between nicA and adeC. No cosynthesis of CDA was found in any pairwise combinations of 14 cda mutants. Mutations lacking aerial mycelium (bald mutations), mapping to the four previously described loci (bldA-D), were pleiotropically defective in production of CDA.