gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of multiple hypotheses in radar tracking (1992)

There has been a great deal of work on the mathematical theory of multiple hypothesis tracking. The published work encompasses 'optimum' solutions in which the entire history of detections is used either to maintain the full multimodal probability distribution of track state or, equivalently, to propagate all possible trial tracks . It also encompasses 'instantaneous' solutions (such as probabilistic data association and its variants) in which only a single track hypothesis is propagated in time and measurements are averaged prior to updating the track. The published techniques are generally evaluated for slow maneuvers (which last for many measurements) and for high probabilities of target detection. These are important cases. However, the radar system designer frequently needs to know the minimum update rate and minimum detection probability for which maneuvers may be tracked without seduction. This topic is covered by the author.
DNA and Polylysine Adsorption and Multilayer Construction onto Cationic Lipid-Coated Microbubbles (2007)

We report on a novel application of the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique to attach multiple layers of DNA and poly-l-lysine (PLL) onto preformed lipid-coated microbubbles to increase the DNA loading capacity. We first measured the effects of the cationic lipid fraction and salt concentration on the microbubble stability. Microbubble production and stability were robust up to a cationic lipid fraction of 40 mol % in 10 mM NaCl. DNA adsorption was heterogeneous over the microbubble shell and occurred primarily on the condensed phase domains. The amount of adsorbed DNA, and subsequently adsorbed PLL, increased linearly with the fraction of cationic lipid in the shell. DNA loading was further enhanced by the LbL assembly method to construct polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) of DNA and PLL. PEM buildup was demonstrated by experimental results from zeta potential analysis, fluorescence microscopy, UV spectroscopy, and flow cytometry. The PEMs exhibited two growth stages and were heterogeneously distributed over the microbubble surface. The DNA loading capacity onto the microbubbles was enhanced by over 10-fold by using five paired layers. However, the PEM shell did not prevent oscillation or destruction during ultrasound insonification. These results suggest that the surface can be compartmentalized to make multifunctional, high-payload ultrasound contrast agents for targeted gene therapy.
Assembly and analysis of cosmid contigs in the CEA-gene family region of human chromosome 19 (1992)

The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-like genes are members of a large gene family which is part of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The CEA family is divided into two major subgroups, the CEA-subgroup and the pregnancy-specific glycoprotein (PSG)-subgroup. In the course of an effort to develop a set of overlapping cosmids spanning human chromosome 19, we identified 245 cosmids in a human chromosome 19 cosmid library (6-7X redundant) by hybridization with an IgC-like domain fragment of the CEA gene. A fluorescence-based restriction enzyme digest fingerprinting strategy was used to assemble 212 probe-positive cosmids, along with 115 additional cosmids from a collection of approximately 8,000 randomly selected cosmids, into five contigs. Two of the contigs contain CEA-subgroup genes while the remaining three contigs contain PSG-subgroup genes. These five contigs range in size from 100 kb to over 300 kb and span an estimated 1 Mb. The CEA-like gene family was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization to map in the q13.1-q13.2 region of human chromosome 19. Analysis of the two CEA-subgroup contigs provided verification of the contig assembly strategy and insight into the organization of 9 CEA-subgroup genes.
Electrical Resistivity(ER), Self Potential (SP), Induced Polarisation (IP), Spectral Induced Polarisation (SIP) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) prospection in NGRI for the past 50 years-A Brief Review (2014)

Geo-electrical techniques are used extensively to locate hidden targets that are conductive and resistive in nature. Efficacy of various branches of these techniques has been enhanced due to concerted theoretical, laboratory and field studies. Scientists of CSIR-NGRI played a significant role in strengthening technical base of these techniques. An attempt is made through the present review to project importance of various research initiatives, spanning over five decades.
A Review of Design and Policy Interventions to Promote Nurses’ Restorative Breaks in Health Care Workplaces (2016)

The nursing profession in the United States is on the precipice of a crisis. Nurses are essential to the health care industry, and maintaining quality nursing care is a primary concern of today's health care managers. Health care facilities report high rates of staff burnout and turnover, and interest in the nursing profession among younger students is declining. Health care leaders must improve nurses' job satisfaction, performance, and retention. However, they often overlook the need for nurses' respite and underestimate the value of well-designed staff break areas. An exhaustive and systematic literature search was conducted in the summer of 2014, and all studies found on the topic were reviewed for their relevance and quality of evidence. The existing literature about the main causes of nurses' fatigue, barriers that prevent nurses from taking restorative breaks, and consequences of nurses' fatigue for staff, patient, and facility outcomes demonstrates the pressing need for interventions that improve nurses' working conditions. Additional literature on the restorative effects of breaks and the value of well-designed break areas indicates that efforts to improve breakroom design can play an important role in improving nurses' job satisfaction and performance.
Advanced digital control scheme of two-paralleled bridge type current tracking power conversion amplifier for magnetic resonance imaging (2002)

This paper presents a two parallel bridge PWM power conversion circuit for the switch-mode gradient power current tracking amplifiers for the gradient coil in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. This power amplifying processor is connected in parallel with the conventional 4-switch type full-bridge power circuits using IGBTs at their inputs/outputs in order to realize further high-power density. A unique digital control scheme for PWM power conversion, which requires minimized ripple and improved rise/fall response characteristics of the current in the gradient coils (GCs), is proposed and described here. This power processor as an overall system is completely suited to the power amplifier for advanced MRI applications because the output current waves are not restricted to ramped-square waves and can assume any arbitrary waveform. It is expected that the proposed techniques will highly enlarge the diagnostic target and improve the image quality of MRI.
Ablation and Thermal Response Program for Spacecraft Heatshield Analysis (1999)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
The Influential Factors of CSR and the Future of CSR in China (2018)

This article conducts statistical analysis on the level of social responsibility of Chinese enterprises and the internal, and the external factors which influence it. The factors include the scale of enterprises, innovation capacity, export intensity, financial performance, product competitive, government intervention, and legal environment, etc. The results show that those factors, such as export behavior, innovation capacity and financial status have strong influence on the level of companies' social responsibility. Based on those results, there are some suggestions to improve the CSR in China to make citizens' quality of life better.
Role of plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in the metabolism of high density lipoproteins (1966)

The role of the plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase reaction in the esterification of the cholesterol of human and baboon plasma high density lipoproteins has been studied. Human plasma was incubated in vitro, and the initial rate of cholesterol esterification in lipoprotein fractions obtained by chromatography on hydroxylapatite was determined. The rate of esterification was greater in the high density lipoprotein fraction than in the low density lipoprotein fraction. High density lipoproteins from human and baboon plasma were filtered through columns of Sephadex G 200, and the relative concentrations in the effluent of key lipids involved in the acyltransferase reaction were determined. The ratio of esterified to unesterified cholesterol varied across the lipoprotein peak obtained from either type of plasma. The relative concentration of lecithin compared to sphingomyelin also varied across the peaks obtained with human high density lipoproteins. When human or baboon plasma was incubated with cholesterol-(14)C and the high density lipoproteins were filtered through Sephadex, the specific activity of the esterified cholesterol varied across the lipoprotein peak. Similar results were obtained when plasma esterified cholesterol was labeled in vivo by the injection of labeled mevalonate into baboons. The data suggest that the acyltransferase reaction is the major source of the esterified cholesterol of the high density lipoproteins.
Fully Connected Deep Structured Networks (2015)

Convolutional neural networks with many layers have recently been shown to achieve excellent results on many high-level tasks such as image classification, object detection and more recently also semantic segmentation. Particularly for semantic segmentation, a two-stage procedure is often employed. Hereby, convolutional networks are trained to provide good local pixel-wise features for the second step being traditionally a more global graphical model. In this work we unify this two-stage process into a single joint training algorithm. We demonstrate our method on the semantic image segmentation task and show encouraging results on the challenging PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset.
Optimal Advertising Campaign Generation for Multiple Brands Using MOGA (2007)

The paper proposes a new modified multiobjective genetic algorithm (MOGA) for the problem of optimal television (TV) advertising campaign generation for multiple brands. This NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem with numerous constraints is one of the key issues for an advertising agency when producing the optimal TV mediaplan. The classical approach to the solution of this problem is the greedy heuristic, which relies on the strength of the preceding commercial breaks when selecting the next break to add to the campaign. While the greedy heuristic is capable of generating only a group of solutions that are closely related in the objective space, the proposed modified MOGA produces a Pareto-optimal set of chromosomes that: 1) outperform the greedy heuristic; and 2) let the mediaplanner choose from a variety of uniformly distributed tradeoff solutions. To achieve these results, the special problem-specific solution encoding, genetic operators, and original local optimization routine were developed for the algorithm. These techniques allow the algorithm to manipulate with only feasible individuals, thus, significantly improving its performance that is complicated by the problem constraints. The efficiency of the developed optimization method is verified using the real data sets from the Canadian advertising industry.
Modulation and conversion of light in lithium niobate crystals with a regular domain structure (1986)

A study was made of the diffraction of light in a volume phase grating formed in lithium niobate crystals with a regular domain structure on application of an external electric field. Second harmonics were generated in these crystals when light propagated along domain walls.
A mutation in the <i>Bordetella bronchiseptica bvgS </i>gene results in reduced virulence and increased resistance to starvation, and identifies a new class of Bvg‐regulated antigens (1997)

The Bordetella BvgAS signal-transduction system has traditionally been viewed as mediating a transition between two distinct phenotypic phases: the Bvg+ phase, characterized by the expression of adhesins and toxins, and the Bvg-phase, characterized by motility in Bordetella bronchiseptica and by the expression of vrg loci in Bordetella pertussis. In B. bronchiseptica, the Bvg+ phase is necessary and sufficient for respiratory tract colonization whereas the Bvg phase is required for growth under nutrient-limiting conditions. This report describes the characterization of a mutant that is locked in a Bvg-intermediate (Bvg[i]) phase. The mutation conferring this phenotype, designated bvgS-I1, results in a threonine-to-methionine substitution near the primary site of phosphorylation in BvgS. Compared to its Bvg+-phase-locked parent, the Bvg(i) mutant displays increased resistance to nutrient limitation and reduced virulence. Molecular analyses indicate that the mutant has lost the ability to express a subset of Bvg+-phase factors and has gained the ability to express factors unique to the Bvg(i) phase. Although identified by mutation, this work indicates that the Bvg(i) phase is expressed by wild-type B. bronchiseptica in response to certain (semi-modulating) environmental conditions. The identification of Bvg(i)-specific antigens suggests the existence of a new class of Bvg-regulated genes. We hypothesize that BvgAS is capable of mediating the expression of a spectrum of phenotypic phases in response to the various environments encountered as Bordetella travels within and between mammalian hosts.
New Synthons of 3-Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives Through S<sub>E</sub>Ar (2014)

A new series of 3-hydroxyquinoline derivatives 2a-c has been synthesized by decarboxylation of corresponding quinoline-4-carboxylic acid derivatives 1a-c. These 3-hydroxyquinolines have been subjected to a number of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions (SEAr) at C4 to obtain the target structures; 3, 4, 7, 8 and 10 through: bromination, formylation, Mannich reaction, coupling with diazonium salt and acylation, respectively. In addition, formation of fused pyrano[2,3-c]quinolin-3-one 5 and chalcone 11 were done. Trials for formation of chalcone analogue 6 were failed indicating 100% of 3-hydroxy tautomer of 2a-c. All the obtained compounds can act as good chelators and contain at least 3 H-bond acceptor groups. All compounds were evaluated for antioxidant activity by ABTS assay. Keywords: 3-Hydroxyquinolines, electrophilic aromatic substitution, antioxidant, ABTS assay.
Cleavage of functional IL-2 receptor alpha chain (CD25) from murine corneal and conjunctival epithelia by MMP-9 (2009)

Our results indicate that functional IL-2R is produced by the ocular surface epithelia and that CD25 is proteolytic cleaved to its soluble form by MMP-9, which increases in desiccating stress. These findings provide new insight into IL-2 signaling in mucosal epithelia.
The role of tazarotene in the treatment of psoriasis (1999)

The recent availability of tazarotene, the first receptor-selective retinoid, provides a much-needed addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis. Tazarotene gel offers a welcome combination of good efficacy and cosmetic acceptability, with minimal risk of systemic adverse effects. The selectivity of tazarotene for the beta and gamma subtypes of retinoic acid receptors suggests a targeted action on psoriatic keratinocytes, which may help to minimize the risk of adverse effects. The potential for adverse effects is further minimized by the limited transcutaneous absorption of tazarotene, its rapid metabolism into hydrophilic metabolites, and its rapid elimination from the body. These pharmacokinetic features ensure that plasma levels of tazarotene and its main metabolite, tazarotenic acid, are minimized--thus limiting systemic exposure. The hydrophilicity of the metabolites also limits systemic exposure by ensuring that accumulation does not occur in lipophilic tissues.
IP based home automation system (2010)

Companies producing consumer products have begun working on ways to control their products over the IP (internet protocol). Multinational electronics firms are marking a fair share of their lines using technologies like the RF ID, a front end to the IP networks. The main feature that is achieved by the already-existing home automation systems is that, every piece of equipment integrated is to be controlled by a central unit. The proposed solutions based on this idea are relatively expensive and difficult to configure per each system environment. IP based systems are supposed to be simpler to be accessed and easier to manipulate, with the only necessity being, close proximity to a direct internet connection. With this in mind, we designed a low cost hardware/software framework based on a unit what we call the IPAcBox which allows home/industrial automation systems to be accessed and controlled through a direct internet connection right out of the box even in dynamic IP configurations. We have developed the software and hardware infrastructure necessary for this system. This research consists of designing the server and the client side software, the communication protocols and addressing some hardware issues, along with a proposal to further our studies.
Superdirective arrays for hearing aids (1993)

Microphone arrays are the most effective of the techniques that have been proposed for improving speech intelligibility in noise for the hearing impaired. However, classical delay-and-sum beamforming provides very small amounts of array gain at low frequencies, while adaptive array processing has been shown to cancel the desired signal in the presence of strong room reflections. Superdirective arrays offer a heretofore overlooked solution in which optimal performance can be obtained for a stationary random noise field, but where the desired signal will not be canceled. A short constrained superdirective array suitable for hearing-aid applications is proposed in this paper, and its theoretical performance is evaluated.
Low-pressure plasma sources for etching and deposition (2002)

A variety of induction-coupled plasma source designs have been characterized for their ability to couple charged species to a lower electrode. Designs can be classified in a spectrum from remote sources, through plasma transport sources, to close-coupled sources. The DC self-bias on a lower electrode at constant bias power is used as a diagnostic of plasma coupling between source and lower electrode.
Field-Emission Mechanism of Island-Shaped Graphene–BN Nanocomposite (2011)

Recent experiments have shown that gap opening and work function modulating in graphenes have been obtained by substituting C atoms with B or N atoms. Especially, some efforts have been set on the fabrication of semiconducting graphene nanocomposites. Here we propose an island-shaped graphene–BN nanocomposite for potential applications as field-emission electron sources. The field emission mechanism of the graphene–BN has been investigated by using density functional theory calculations. Our results show that graphene has a high level of emission currents with a low external electric field. The combination of BN nanocage and graphene makes use of the curvature effect and the nitrogenation that induce local charge enhancement. The presence of an BN nanocage allows for an important enhancement of the field emission properties. The graphene–BN nanofabrication perhaps leads to a unique hybrid platform consisting of graphene and nonmetal, paving the way in future field-emission electron sources.
Dissolution of Chitosan in Dimethyl Sulfoxide by Salt Formation (2000)

Abstract Chitosan dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide by salt formation with some acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTsOH), (1R)-(−)-10-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), methanesulfonic acid, and salicylic acid.
A programmable 256K CMOS EPROM with on-chip test circuits (1984)

HIGH DENSITY EPROMs require fast access time, low power consumption, high speed programming and short screening time. This paper will describe a 256K CMOS EPROM designed to meet these requirements. Access time of lOOns has been achieved by utilizing an N-well CMOS peripheral circuit. Fast programming was realized by introducing a DSA’ (diffusion self-align) structure into the cell. Additionally test circuits have been implemented to alleviate lengthy screening tests
Performance analysis of a joint matched filter based synchronization method for direct sequence spread spectrum radio (2002)

An acquisition method for direct-sequence spread spectrum signals is proposed. This method is a combination of an N-tap matched filter and a long M*N-tap matched filter, where N and M are the length of the spreading pseudo-noise sequence, and the length of the header sequence, respectively. Differential phase-shift keying modulation is used. The analytical performance analysis of the method is derived in terms of detection and false alarm probabilities. The performance is evaluated at various fading conditions with additive white Gaussian noise. An equal tap finite impulse response filter is used to increase the performance by combining multipath components of the channel.
Generierung und Visualisierung des Zielkorridors in Projektplänen mit stoastischen Einflussgrößen. (2008)

In der Projektplanung werden stochastische Parameter verwendet, um Einflusse auf das Projekt zu berucksichtigen und bewerten zu konnen. In dieser Veroffentlichung betrachten wir die Kennziffer Ergebnis innerhalb eines Projektes als Kriterium, um diese Bewertung durchzufuhren. Zur Analyse der Projektplane mit stochastischen Einflussgrosen wird eine Computersimulation eingesetzt. Wir wollen hier eine Vorgehensweise prasentieren, die mit einem Simulationsexperiment eine umfassende Visualisierung eines Projektplanes generiert, die wir Zielkorridor nennen. Diese Visualisierung ermoglicht eine schnelle Bewertung des Projekts auf Basis des erreichten Ergebnisses. Dazu stellen eine neue Messgrose fur Projektplane vor, welche die Grundlage fur den Zielkorridor darstellt. Daruber hinaus demonstrieren wir an einem beispielhaften Projektplan, wie die Generierung des Zielkorridors funktioniert und werden abschliesend die neu aufgeworfenen Fragen diskutieren.
An enhanced remote user authentication scheme using smart card (2014)

Remote User authentication scheme is widely used for communication between authorized remote users over insecure network. In 2010, Manoj Kumar proposed a new secure remote user authentication scheme with smart cards. He claimed that the protocol was secure against replay attack, stolen verifier attack. However, we show that the protocol is vulnerable to stolen smart-cards attack and password guessing attack. In this paper, we will address detailed analysis of the flaw in Kumar's scheme and resolve aforementioned problems.