gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Calcium Carbonate Administration Timing in Relation to Food Intake on Its Efficiency in Controlling Hyperphosphatemia in Patients on Maintenance Dialysis (1998)

A study has claimed that at an equal elemental calcium dose, CaCO3 was not less but equally as efficient in controlling predialysis hyperphosphatemia as calcium acetate, provided both calcium salts were ingested 5 min before meals instead of during meals because the higher acidity of the fasting gastric juice would allow for better dissociation of CaCO3. However, this study did not directly demonstrate that the efficiency of CaCO3 in controlling hyperphosphatemia was actually greater when it was administered before a meal than during a meal. To examine this point, we performed a 3 month randomized crossover trial in 12 reliable and stable patients maintained on chronic hemodialysis. Their plasma concentrations of calcium, protein, phosphate, bicarbonate, urea, and creatinine were measured before the first dialysis of each week and the amount of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) at the beginning and at the end of each of the 3 months. Comparison of the plasma concentrations measured during the 2 modes of administration showed no significant differences in creatinine, urea, bicarbonate, or intact PTH. The mean (+/-SD) plasma concentration of PO4 was not significantly lower (1.88+/-0.50 vs. 1.74+/-0.41 mM) whereas the corrected level of plasma Ca was significantly lower (2.30+/-0.17 vs. 2.38+/-0.16 mM; p < 0.04) when CaCO3 was given before meals than during meals. In conclusion, the administration of CaCO3 before a meal does not increase its efficiency in controlling hyperphosphatemia because the level of plasma PO4 was actually slightly higher with this timing of administration whereas the comparison of the creatinine and urea levels suggested a stability of phosphate intake and the comparison of the PTH and bicarbonate levels suggested the stability of osteolysis and of the transcellular membrane shift of phosphate. Also, administration of CaCO3 before a meal is associated with significantly lower plasma corrected calcium, suggesting less absorption of calcium, which may be an advantage but only in hypercalcemic patients. There is no reason other than the prevention of its hypercalcemic effect to recommend the administration of CaCO3 just before meals rather than during meals.
The Ubiquitin Isopeptidase UBPY Regulates Endosomal Ubiquitin Dynamics and Is Essential for Receptor Down-regulation (2006)

UBPY is a ubiquitin-specific protease that can deubiquitinate monoubiquitinated receptor tyrosine kinases, as well as process Lys-48- and Lys-63-linked polyubiquitin to lower denomination forms in vitro. Catalytically inactive UBPY localizes to endosomes, which accumulate ubiquitinated proteins. We have explored the sequelae of short interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of UBPY. Global levels of ubiquitinated protein increase and ubiquitin accumulates on endosomes, although free ubiquitin levels are unchanged. UBPY-depleted cells have more and larger multivesicular endosomal structures that are frequently associated through extended contact areas, characterized by regularly spaced, electron-dense, bridging profiles. Degradation of acutely stimulated receptor tyrosine kinases, epidermal growth factor receptor and Met, is strongly inhibited in UBPY knockdown cells suggesting that UBPY function is essential for growth factor receptor down-regulation. In contrast, stability of the UBPY binding partner STAM is dramatically compromised in UBPY knockdown cells. The cellular functions of UBPY are complex but clearly distinct from those of the Lys-63-ubiquitin-specific protease, AMSH, with which it shares a binding site on the SH3 domain of STAM.
Low Temperature Synthesis of Extremely Dense and Vertically Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2005)

A novel point-arc microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus was employed to grow single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on Si substrates coated with a sandwich-like nano-layer structure of 0.7 nm Al 2 O 3 (top)/0.5 nm Fe/5–70 nm Al 2 O 3 by conventional high frequency sputtering. The growth of extremely dense and vertically aligned SWNTs with an almost constant growth rate of 270 µm/h within 40 min at a temperature as low as 600°C was demonstrated for the first time. The volume density of the as-grown SWNT films is as higher as 66 kg/m 3 .
Retrolental Fibroplasia: Efficacy of Vitamin E in a Double-Blind Clinical Study of Preterm Infants (1981)

We performed a double-blind study in 101 preterm infants who weighed less than or equal to 1500 g at birth, who had respiratory distress, and who survived for at least four weeks, to evaluate the efficacy of oral vitamin E in preventing the development of retrolental fibroplasia. Weekly indirect ophthalmologic examinations begun when the infants were three weeks old revealed a significant decrease in the incidence of retrolental fibroplasia greater than or equal to Grade III (P less than 0.03) and greater than or equal to Grade II (P less than 0.05) (McCormick classification) in the 50 infants given 100 mg of vitamin E per kilogram of body weight per day as compared with 51 given 5 mg per kilogram per day (controls). When multivariate analysis was applied to the controls, five risk factors were identified: gestational age, level and duration of administration oxygen, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, and birth weight. When multivariate analysis was applied to both control and treatment groups, the severity of retrolental fibroplasia was found to be significantly reduced in infants given 100 mg of vitamin E (P = 0.012).
Flow-Based Programming, 2nd Edition: A New Approach to Application Development (2010)

Written by a pioneer in the field, this is a thorough guide to the cost- and time-saving advantages of Flow-Based Programming. It explains the theoretical underpinnings and application of this programming method in practical terms. Readers are shown how to apply this programming in a number of areas and how to avoid common pitfalls. This is a revision of the original book, describing a number of related approaches and uses of the technology that have developed since the book first came out.
Fundamental limitations in passive time-delay estimation--Part II: Wide-band systems (1984)

This is the second part of a study which deals with the problem of passive time delay estimation. The focus here is on systems employing wide-band signals and/or arrays of very widely separated receivers. A modified (improved) version of the Ziv-Zakai lower bound (ZZLB) is used to analyze the effect of additive noise and signal ambiguities on the attainable mean-square estimation errors. When the lower bound is plotted as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), one observes two distinct threshold phenomena dividing the SNR domain into three disjointed segments. At high SNR, the lower bound coincides with the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB). This is the ambiguity-free mode of operation where differential delay estimation is subject only to local errors. At moderate SNR (between the two thresholds), the lower bound exceeds the CRLB by a factor of 12(ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> /w) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> where <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\omega_{0}</tex> and w are, respectively, the center frequency and signal bandwidth. In this region, the ambiguities in the received signal phases cannot be resolved; however, a useful estimate of the differential delay can still be obtained using the received signal envelopes. At low SNR, the lower bound approaches a constant level depending only on the a priori search domain of the unknown delay parameter. In this region, signal observations are subject to envelope ambiguities as well, and are thus essentially useless for the delay estimation.
Human plasma LDL cryopreserved with sucrose maintains in vivo kinetics indistinguishable from freshly isolated human LDL in cynomolgus monkeys. (1994)

We previously reported that freeze-thawing of LDL causes marked alterations in its structure and in vitro biological behavior, and that such changes can be completely abolished by the addition of sucrose to the LDL solution prior to freezing. (Rumsey, S. C. et al., J. Lipid Res. 1992. 33: 1551-1561). We now questioned whether the cryopreservative action of sucrose would be equally effective in maintaining the in vivo metabolic characteristics of LDL. Two dual-label LDL turnover studies were performed in cynomolgus monkeys (n = 8) comparing freshly isolated human LDL with human LDL that was frozen in sucrose (10% w/v) for a short (20 h) or long period (6 months). The same sucrose-cryopreserved LDL was used for both the short- and long-term studies; different fresh LDL preparations were used in each study. Absorption spectrophotometry, gel filtration, and electron microscopy of LDL samples frozen with sucrose showed no evidence of physical alterations or aggregation, and there was no evidence of very rapid clearance of cryopreserved LDL from monkey plasma after injection. Fractional catabolic rates (FCR) of fresh and frozen LDL were very similar in either the short-term or long-term experiments: 2.09 +/- 0.86 versus 2.16 +/- 0.88, short-term and 3.03 +/- 2.28 versus 3.08 +/- 2.29, long-term (pools per day; mean +/- SD). The difference between FCR of fresh and frozen LDL for each animal averaged -0.076 +/- 0.074 and 0.01 +/- 0.22 (mean +/- SD), for short-term and long-term freezing, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<i>Oneirics and Psychosomatics</i>. Rolf Loehrich. McHenry, Ill.: The Compass Press, 1953. Pp. xiv, 157. $6.00. (1955)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Digitizing Chemical Data for Real Time Flow Assurance (2020)

By minitiaturzing and ruggedizing laboratory equipment historically used for geochemical applications, it is now possible to digitize chemical attributes of molecules as they flow through the wellhead. Specifically, the number of unpaired electrons in outer-orbitals can be tracked in real-time as well as the hyperfine interaction of those electrons with spin-properties of nuclei within their associated molecules. This sounds very esoteric but in fact has a direct relationship with traditional flow assurance problems that have previously been very difficult to manage. For example, considering those electrons which correspond to free radicals within asphaltene molecules, then, in the presence of a very strong magnetic field, they will resonate at a specific microwave frequency. By exposing the well fluid to exactly that combination of magnetic and RF fields, the amplitude of the resonance is proportional to the number of asphaltene molecules. Unlike some optical and infra-red techniques, this gives a measurement of the total amount of asphaltene flowing, not just a measurement of the non-dissolved component. This measurement can be made continuously, so that gives a time-series analysis of the percentage of asphaltene that is flowing in the oil. AI-based software has also been written to extract further information from the resonance data, such as the water-cut and gas-oil ratio. Operators can use this combined information to optimize their flow-assurance strategies, for example, to give immediate feedback on the result of changing an inhibitor or dispersant. An initial version of the tool was deployed for a field-test in Abu Dhabi in Q4, 2017. Data from the system was transmitted via the cloud to asphaltene experts remotely monitoring the data. The resolution of the device proved better than expected, which allowed the system to give a previously unseen dynamic view of asphaltene chemistry. One surprise was that the asphaltene percentage might vary significantly over the course of a few hours, even when the surface pressure and flow-rates stayed the same. Troublesome wells had the highest standard deviation which gives a new key performance indicator (KPI) for flow assurance risk. Another unexpected result was that surface asphaltene levels would drop for a few days after a xylene soak, before slowly returning back to their baseline. This indicates that a freshly-cleaned tubular is more attractive for asphaltene deposition, and stays that way until a sufficiently thick asphaltene coating has accumulated. Based on these results, additional hardware has been delivered to Abu Dhabi to begin a long-term pilot study on the use of electron resonance data for asphaltene management. Moreover, the device opens up to the oilfield traditional laboratory uses of electron resonance such as identification of kerogen maturity and geochemical rock typing.
A miniaturized catheter 2-D array for real-time, 3-D intracardiac echocardiography (2004)

The design, fabrication, and characterization of a 112 channel, 5 MHz, two-dimensional (2-D) array transducer constructed on a six layer flexible polyimide interconnect circuit is described. The transducer was mounted in a 7 Fr (2.33 mm outside diameter) catheter for use in real-time intracardiac volumetric imaging. Two transducers were constructed: one with a single silver epoxy matching layer and the other without a matching layer. The center frequency and -6 dB fractional bandwidth of the transducer with a matching layer were 4.9 MHz and 31%, respectively. The 50 omega pitch-catch insertion loss was 80 dB, and the typical interelement crosstalk was -30 dB. The final element yield was greater than 97% for both transducers. The transducers were used to acquire real-time, 3-D images in an in vivo sheep model. We present in vivo images of cardiac anatomy obtained from within the coronary sinus, including the left and right atria, aorta, coronary arteries, and pulmonary veins. We also present images showing the manipulation of a separate electrophysiological catheter into the coronary sinus.
Asymmetric addition of hydrogen cyanide to aliphatic aldehydes catalyzed by a synthetic cyclic peptide, cyclo[(<i>S</i>)‐phenylalanyl‐(<i>S</i>)‐histidyl] (1985)

Abstract The asymmetric addition of hydrogen cyanide to an aliphatic aldehyde, catalyzed by a synthetic dipeptide, cyclo[( S )‐phenylalanyl‐( S )‐histidyl] ( 1 ), leads to a product having a higher optical yield than that reported for the reaction using an enzyme (D‐oxynitrilase) as catalyst.
The Quantized Geometry of Visual Space: The Coherent Computation of Depth, Form, and Lightness. Revised Version. (1982)

A theory is presented of how global visual interactions between depth, length lightness, and form percepts can occur. The theory suggests how quantized activity patterns which reflect these visual properties can coherently fill-in, or complete, visually ambiguous regions starting with visually informative data features. Phenomena such as the Cornsweet and Craik-O'Brien effects, phantoms and subjective contours, binocular brightness summation, the equidistance tendency, Emmert's law, allelotropia, multiple spatial frequency scaling and edge detection, figure-ground completion, co-existence of depth and binocular rivalry, reflectance rivalry, Fechner's paradox, decrease of threshold contrast with increased number of cycles in a grating pattern, hysteresis, adaption level tuning, Weber law modulation, shift of sensitivity with background luminance, and the finite capacity of visual short term memory are discussed in terms of a small set of concepts and mechanisms. Limitations of alternative visual theories which depend on Fourier analysis, Laplacians, zero-crossings, and cooperative depth planes are described. Relationships between monocular and binocular processing of the same visual patterns are noted, and a shift in emphasis from edge and disparity computations towards the characterization of resonant activity-scaling correlations across multiple spatial scales is recommended. (Author)
Die mechanischen Festigkeitseigenschaften und die Realstruktur der Kristalle (1934)

Article Die mechanischen Festigkeitseigenschaften und die Realstruktur der Kristalle was published on December 1, 1934 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 89, issue 1-6).
Increased Complement C1q Level Marks Active Disease in Human Tuberculosis (2014)

Background: Complement functions as an important host defense system and complement C5 and C7 have been implicated in immunopathology of tuberculosis. However, little is known about the role of other complement components in tuberculosis.
Atom Interferometers with Scalable Enclosed Area (2009)

Bloch oscillations (i.e., coherent acceleration of matter waves by an optical lattice) and Bragg diffraction are integrated into light-pulse atom interferometers with large momentum splitting between the interferometer arms, and hence enhanced sensitivity. Simultaneous acceleration of both arms in the same internal states suppresses systematic effects, and simultaneously running a pair of interferometers suppresses the effect of vibrations. Ramsey-Bordé interferometers using four such Bloch-Bragg-Bloch beam splitters exhibit 15% contrast at 24variant Planck's over 2pik splitting, the largest so far (variant Planck's over 2pik is the photon momentum); single beam splitters achieve 88variant Planck's over 2pik. The prospects for reaching 100 s of variant Planck's over 2pik and applications such as gravitational wave sensors are discussed.
MVS Performance Management: OS/390 Edition: With MVS/ESA SP Version 5 (1997)

From the Publisher:
From the leading authority on MVS,this unique guide covers IBM's groundbreaking MVS Version 5 operating system. Systems programming dealing with complex MVS performance and tuning issues will appreciate Stephen Samson's engaging treatment of a difficult subject. Detailing the technology involved in making MVS open, this well-illustrated manual contains crucial clarifications and extensions regarding SRM. It also covers CMOS and Massive Parallel processing and relates MVS to client/server computing and object technology.
Widely tunable Fabry-Perot filter using Ga(Al)As/AlO/sub x/ deformable mirrors (2002)

Summary form only given. Microelectromechanical filters with FWHM linewidth of 0.47 nm and over 70-nm tuning was demonstrated with <1 dB insertion loss. The filters maintain their characteristics throughout the tuning range. Furthermore, the high frequency operation of such filters was established. The 3 dB cutoff frequency of 500 kHz was recorded.
Regulating Actin Dynamics at Membranes: A Focus on Dynamin (2004)

Dynamin, the large guanosine triphosphatase, is generally considered to have a key role in deforming membranes to create tubules or vesicles. Dynamin, particularly dynamin2 isoforms, also are localized with actin filaments, often at locations where cellular membranes undergo remodeling. Perturbing dynamin function interferes with endocytic traffic and actin function. Thus, dynamin may regulate actin filaments coordinately with its activities that remodel membranes. This review will highlight recent observations that provide clues to mechanisms whereby dynamin might coordinate membrane remodeling and actin filament dynamics during endocytic traffic, cell morphogenesis and cell migration.
Sensors for the optical detection ofcyanide ion (2009)

This tutorial review focuses on recent developments arising from studies of optical sensors for cyanide ions, which are categorized by approaches involving cyanide selective receptors, the utilization of metal coordinated complexes, and chemodosimeters.
[Expression and clinical significance of certain apoptosis and angiogenesis factors in hepatocellular carcinoma]. (2006)

Neither p53 nor Survivin is correlated to the recurrence of HCC; MMPs and VEGF are correlated to the recurrence, and can be used to estimate the risk of postoperative recurrence of HCC.
Thin film floppy disk head (1986)

Thin film head technology has traditionally been used in rigid disk drives. Since floppy disk drives are being pushed towards higher performance and the cost of thin film fabrication is decreasing, the use of thin film heads in high performance floppy disk drives is a logical choice. This paper reviews the characteristics of the thin film floppy disk head. Both straddle and tunnel erase can be done using thin film technology. The thin film core which contains the deposited transducer is bonded into a standard floppy head button. The Cyber 5001 series presents a 96 TPI thin film floppy disk head with straddle erase. The Cyber 5002 is a 135 TPI floppy disk head with tunnel erase for the ANSI standard 135 TPI floppy disk cartridge drive. Straddle erase is accomplished using the same coil layers as those of the read-write head. Tunnel erase can be done by depositing the transducers on either side of a ferrite substrate. The independent tunnel erase head on the opposite side allows a direct current to be applied to a separate coil. This configuration achieves wide-write, narrow-erase data tracks.
Persistence programming models for non-volatile memory (2016)

It is expected that DRAM memory will be augmented, and perhaps eventually replaced, by one of several up-and-coming memory technologies. These are all non-volatile, in that they retain their contents without power. This allows primary memory to be used as a fast disk replacement. It also enables more aggressive programming models that directly leverage persistence of primary memory. However, it is challenging to maintain consistency of memory in such an environment. There is no consensus on the right programming model for doing so, and subtle differences can have large, and sometimes surprising, effects on the implementation and its performance. The existing literature describes multiple programming systems that provide point solutions to the selective persistence for user data structures. Real progress in this area requires a choice of programming model, which we cannot reasonably make without a real understanding of the design space. Point solutions are insufficient. We systematically explore what we consider to be the most promising part of the space, precisely defining semantics and identifying implementation costs. This allows us to be much more explicit and precise about semantic and implementation trade-offs that were usually glossed over in prior work. It also exposes some promising new design alternatives.
Epoetin‐associated pure red cell aplasia: past, present, and future considerations (2008)

Independent actions by regulatory authorities, manufacturers, and academic researchers identified significant numbers of PRCA cases between 1998 and 2003 and characterized the probable etiology. Today, antibody-mediated PRCA is an infrequent class toxicity occurring among some hemodialysis patients on EPOs.
Analytical techniques in polymer chemistry with special reference to urea-formaldehyde resins (1993)

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science,
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
in fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of Master of Science (Chemistry)
May 1993
A Design Technique for Concurrent Dual-Band Harmonic Tuned Power Amplifier (2008)

In this paper, a novel technique to design concurrent dual-band high-efficiency harmonic tuned (HT) power amplifiers (PAs) is presented. The proposed approach is based on a methodology developed to design multifrequency passive matching networks, which allows concurrent operability. The network design criterion is heavily investigated and later generalized both from the theoretical and practical point of view. The design, realization, and the complete characterization of a concurrent dual-band high-efficiency HT PA is finally described. A 1-mm gate periphery GaN HEMT device was used for the design and realization of the PA operating concurrently at 2.45 and 3.3 GHz. The measurement results have shown 53% and 46% drain efficiency at 33- and 32.5-dBm output power in the two targeted bands if operated in continuous wave single mode. In concurrent mode, 35% average efficiency was achieved with two simultaneously applied orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signals.