gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
OBDD-Based Sectionalizing Strategies for Parallel Power System Restoration (2010)

After a power system is subjected to a blackout, parallel restoration is an efficient means to speed up the restoration process. The system sectionalizing strategy consists of determining the proper splitting points to sectionalize the entire blackout area into several subsystems, so that parallel restoration can be carried out within the subsystems. For a large-scale power system, this system sectionalizing problem is quite complicated when considering black-start constraints, generation/load balance constraints, and voltage stability constraints. This paper presents an ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) -based system sectionalizing method, by which the splitting points can be found quickly. Simulation results on the IEEE 118-bus test systems show that the method can successfully sectionalize the system into subsystems satisfying black-start constraints, generation/load balance constraints, and voltage stability constraints.
The Biosynthesis of A2E, a Fluorophore of Aging Retina, Involves the Formation of the Precursor, A2-PE, in the Photoreceptor Outer Segment Membrane (2000)

The autofluorescent lipofuscin that accumulates in retinal pigment epithelial cells with age may contribute to an age-related decline in cell function. The major lipofuscin fluorophore, A2E, is a pyridinium bisretinoid. We previously proposed that the biogenesis of A2E involves the following: (i) formation of the Schiff base, N-retinylidene phosphatidylethanolamine from all-trans-retinal and phosphatidylethanolamine in the photoreceptor outer segment membrane; (ii) further reaction of N-retinylidene phosphatidylethanolamine with retinal to yield phosphatidylethanolamine-bisretinoid, A2-PE; (iii) hydrolysis of A2-PE to generate A2E. To provide evidence for this biogenic scheme, all-trans-retinal was reacted with dipalmitoyl-l-alpha-phosphatidylethanolamine to yield DP-A2-PE (A2-PE), as confirmed by UV, with mass spectrometry revealing the molecular ion at m/z 1222.9 (C(77)H(124)O(8)PN) accompanied by product ion at m/z 672.8, representing the phosphoryl-A2E fragment of A2-PE. In reaction mixtures of retinal and outer segments and in samples of Royal College of Surgeons rat retina containing outer segment membranous debris, A2-PE was detected as a series of high performance liquid chromatography peaks, each with UV similar to reference A2-PE. By mass spectrometry, A2-PE consisted of multiple peaks, representing fatty acids with different chain lengths, and the phosphoryl-A2E moiety, m/z 673. Incubation of the retinal/outer segment reaction mixture with phospholipase D generated A2E, as detected by high performance liquid chromatography, thus confirming A2-PE as the A2E precursor.
A comparative evaluation of length estimators of digital curves (2004)

This paper compares previously published length estimators in image analysis having digitized curves as input. The evaluation uses multigrid convergence (theoretical results and measured speed of convergence) and further measures as criteria. This paper also suggests a new gradient-based method for length estimation, and combines a previously proposed length estimator for straight segments with a polygonalization method.
pK<sub>a</sub>-Values of Guaiacyl and Syringyl Phenols Related to Lignin (2000)

Abstract The literature relating to the pKa -values of guaiacyl- and syringyl-derived phenols has been thoroughly surveyed and summarized. In addition, the pKa -values of a number of guaiacyl, syringyl and other phenols related to lignin have been determined using a spectrophotometric method combined with multivariate evaluation. Differences and similarities between the acidities of a number of substances are extensively discussed. The pKa -value strongly affects the delignification during pulping, bleaching and leaching of lignin during pulp washing.
Mutations in twinstar, a Drosophila gene encoding a cofilin/ADF homologue, result in defects in centrosome migration and cytokinesis. (1995)

We describe the phenotypic and molecular characterization of twinstar (tsr), an essential gene in Drosophila melanogaster. Two P-element induced alleles of tsr (tsr1 and tsr2) result in late larval or pupal lethality. Cytological examination of actively dividing tissues in these mutants reveals defects in cytokinesis in both mitotic (larval neuroblast) and meiotic (larval testis) cells. In addition, mutant spermatocytes show defects in aster migration and separation during prophase/prometaphase of both meiotic divisions. We have cloned the gene affected by these mutations and shown that it codes for a 17-kD protein in the cofilin/ADF family of small actin severing proteins. A cDNA for this gene has previously been described by Edwards et al. (1994). Northern analysis shows that the tsr gene is expressed throughout development, and that the tsr1 and tsr2 alleles are hypomorphs that accumulate decreased levels of tsr mRNA. These findings prompted us to examine actin behavior during male meiosis to visualize the effects of decreased twinstar protein activity on actin dynamics in vivo. Strikingly, both mutants exhibit abnormal accumulations of F-actin. Large actin aggregates are seen in association with centrosomes in mature primary spermatocytes. Later, during ana/telophase of both meiotic divisions, aberrantly large and misshaped structures appear at the site of contractile ring formation and fail to disassemble at the end of telophase, in contrast with wild-type. We discuss these results in terms of possible roles of the actin-based cytoskeleton in centrosome movement and in cytokinesis.
Shell higher olefins process (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTShell higher olefins processE. F. Lutz Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 3, 202Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1986Published inissue 1 March 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ed063p202RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2790Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Hormonal therapy in chronic radiation colitis (1998)

Severe gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare complication of radiation therapy that requires frequent transfusions. This case report describes a patient with severe bleeding from radiation colitis after treatment of bladder cancer. During 5 months of therapy with multiple drugs, the patient needed 26 units of packed red cells. A subsequent hormone therapy consisting of an estrogen-progesterone combination significantly reduced the need for blood transfusions and hospitalization. We conclude that hormones might provide a promising new additional symptomatic therapy for bleeding radiogenic colitis.
A smart wireless battery monitoring system for Electric Vehicles (2012)

In this era of technological revolution, automotive industry witnessed tremendous progress with the environment friendly Electric Vehicles (EVs). To account for the consumer cost, the electric vehicles should offer maximum mileage in one charge by monitoring and utilizing maximum energy from the battery pack without significantly affecting the battery life. A reliable monitoring system reduces user's anticipation of the battery life when vehicle undergoes hard real time situation, ie., rapid acceleration and braking. In this paper, a novel method for monitoring rechargeable Li-ion batteries with wireless communication architecture is proposed which is a low cost, low power, highly reliable, redundant and scalable system. Experimental results show that this solution is practically applicable to EV platform.
Flexible glass substrates for display and lighting applications (2013)

This invited paper overviews Corning® Willow™ Glass substrates and their enabling of new display and lighting applications, devices, and materials. Specific focus is put on flexible glass' mechanical reliability, R2R processing, and organic electronic devices.
Microencapsulation of advanced solvents for carbon capture (2016)

Purpose-designed, water-lean solvents have been developed to improve the energy efficiency of CO<sub>2</sub> capture from power plants, including CO<sub>2</sub>-binding organic liquids (CO<sub>2</sub>BOLs) and ionic liquids (ILs). Many of these solvents are highly viscous or change phases, posing challenges for conventional process equipment. Such problems can be overcome by encapsulation. Micro-Encapsulated CO<sub>2</sub> Sorbents (MECS) consist of a CO<sub>2</sub>-absorbing solvent or slurry encased in spherical, CO<sub>2</sub>-permeable polymer shells. The resulting capsules have diameters in the range of 100-600 μm, greatly increasing the surface area and CO<sub>2</sub> absorption rate of the encapsulated solvent. Encapsulating these new solvents requires careful selection of shell materials and fabrication techniques. We find several common classes of polymers are not compatible with MECS production, but we develop two custom formulations, a silicone and an acrylate, that show promise for encapsulating water-lean solvents. We make the first demonstration of an encapsulated IL for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. The rate of CO<sub>2</sub> absorption is enhanced by a factor of 3.5 compared to a liquid film, a value that can be improved by further development of shell materials and fabrication techniques.
Development of Immunosensors Using Carbon Nanotubes (2007)

With increasing reports on bioterrorism, avian flu, and other bio-threats, rapid and real time detection methods are highly warranted. Studies on developing highly sensitive immunosensors aiming at the early detection and clinical diagnoses of various diseases including cancer are undertaken all over the globe. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely discussed as materials with enormous potential for a wide range of in vivo and in vitro bioapplications, ranging from drug delivery to highly sensitive biosensors, owing to their superior electronic and mechanical properties along with nanoscale dimensions. Though a lot of attention has been drawn toward carbon nanotubes for the past 15 years in academia and to a certain extent in industry, CNT-based immunosensors and other applications are still in the nascent stage, and there are many challenges to be overcome for the successful commercialization of the concepts. This article highlights on the recent developments and the possible impacts of carbon nanotube based immunosensors.
Safety of gadolinium‐DTPA: Extended clinical experience (1991)

This review reports data on the general and renal tolerance of the paramagnetic contrast agent Gd-DTPA after intravenous administration. Gd-DTPA was administered usually at a dose level of 0.1-0.2 mmol/kg body wt (range: 0.005-0.25 mmol/kg body wt) in cranial, spinal and body MR indications. In phase I-IIIa studies a total of 2154 healthy volunteers and patients were investigated, usually at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg body wt. From the obtained results it was concluded that adverse events (AEs) may be expected in the order of magnitude of 1%. In phase IIIb-IV studies 13,439 patients were investigated at 0.1 or 0.2 mmol/kg body wt. Tolerance data were collected according to a standardized protocol and metaanalysis of obtained data was performed. AEs, irrespective of their drug relationship, were observed in 1.15% of the patients. The observed AEs were comparable to those after intravenous administration of iodinated nonionic X-ray contrast media. There was no correlation between patient age and the incidence of AEs. In patients with a known history of allergy the incidence of AEs increased to 2.6%. In pediatric use no added risk was observed in a total of 826 neonates, children, and adolescents up to 18 years of age. Gd-DTPA showed good renal tolerance in patients with and without preexisting impairment of renal function. A prospective open safety and pharmacokinetic study was conducted in patients with hemodialysis. Gd-DTPA was shown to be eliminated completely by hemodialysis. Fast bolus injections were tolerated without added risk. Presented data from postmarketing surveillance (up to March 31, 1991) cover an estimated total of more than 2,000,000 applications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Robust Defect Detection Using Improved Higher Order Wavelet Descriptors and Support Vector Machines for Visual Inspection Systems. (2006)

This paper aims at investigating a novel solution to the problem of defect detection from textile images using the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Analysis, involving multiple wavelet bases, and the Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification approach, that can find applications in the design of robust quality control systems for the textile industry. The suggested solution focuses on detecting defects in textile manufacturing applications from the corresponding images DWT and higher order vector quantization related properties of the associated wavelet coefficients. More specifically, a novel methodology is investigated for discriminating defects by applying a supervised neural classification technique, namely SVM, to innovative multidimensional multi-wavelet based feature vectors. These vectors are extracted from the multi-wavelet bases K-Level 2-D DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) transformed original image using higher order Vector Quantization techniques and correlation analysis applied to these wavelet domain quantization vectors. The results of the proposed methodology are illustrated in defective textile images where the defective areas are recognized with higher accuracy than the one obtained by applying two rival defect detection methodologies. The first one of them uses all the wavelet coefficients derived from the k-Level 2-D DWT and involves SVM again in the classification stage, while the second one uses again all the wavelet coefficients derived from the k-Level 2-D DWT but involves a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural network in the classification stage. The promising results herein shown outline the importance of judicious selection and processing of 2-D DWT wavelet coefficients for industrial pattern recognition applications as well as the generalization performance benefits obtained by involving SVM neural networks instead of other ANN models.
Myc Dynamically and Preferentially Relocates to a Transcription Factory Occupied by Igh (2007)

Transcription in mammalian nuclei is highly compartmentalized in RNA polymerase II-enriched nuclear foci known as transcription factories. Genes in cis and trans can share the same factory, suggesting that genes migrate to preassembled transcription sites. We used fluorescent in situ hybridization to investigate the dynamics of gene association with transcription factories during immediate early (IE) gene induction in mouse B lymphocytes. Here, we show that induction involves rapid gene relocation to transcription factories. Importantly, we find that the Myc proto-oncogene on Chromosome 15 is preferentially recruited to the same transcription factory as the highly transcribed Igh gene located on Chromosome 12. Myc and Igh are the most frequent translocation partners in plasmacytoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Our results show that transcriptional activation of IE genes involves rapid relocation to preassembled transcription factories. Furthermore, the data imply a direct link between the nonrandom interchromosomal organization of transcribed genes at transcription factories and the incidence of specific chromosomal translocations.
Theory of Equilibrium Binding of Symmetric Bivalent Haptens to Cell Surface Antibody: Application to Histamine Release from Basophils (1978)

We present a theory of equilibrium binding of symmetric bivalent haptens to cell surface antibody in the presence or absence of monovalent hapten. Bivalent haptens can link together antibodies to form linear chains or rings on cell surfaces. We show how to calculate the amount of any complex of bound bivalent hapten, monovalene fraction of antibody involved in complexes made up of two or more antibodies, i.e., the fraction of antibody that is cross-linked (Xpoly). We treat the case when the antibody on the cell surface, which is specific for the hapten, is homogeneous. For this case we prove a number of general properties about Xpoly: 1) Xpoly approaches zero at both high and low bivalent hapten concentration. 2) Xpoly becomes a maximum when the bivalent hapten concentration equals Amax, where Amax = 1/H + B/2. H is twice the equilibrium constant for the binding of a single hapten site to a single antibody site and B is the monovalent hapten concentration. 3) a plot of Xpoly vs the log of the bivalent hapten concentration is symmetric about the maximum value of Xpoly. We use these and other properties of Xpoly in this paper to clarify the relationship between cross-link formation and histamine release.
Risk of Leukemia Following Treatment for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (1994)

Our results suggest that prednimustine may be a human carcinogen, with a positive dose-response gradient evident for ANLL risk. The low, nonsignificant risk of leukemia associated with cyclophosphamide was reassuring because this drug is commonly used today. Despite the excesses of ANLL associated with specific therapies, secondary leukemia remains a rare occurrence following NHL. Of 10,000 NHL patients treated for 6 months with selected regimens including low cumulative doses of cyclophosphamide and followed for 10 years, an excess of four leukemias might be expected.
Precise biasing of analog-to-digital converters by means of auto-zero feedback (1982)

Auto-zero biasing refers to a technique whereby the DC bias in an analog-to-digital converter is controlled using negative feedback. A portion of the converter's digital output, typically the sign bit, is decoded locally, and the resulting analog signal is then averaged and subtracted from the input signal. This feedback controls the converter's bias with a precision that scales with the amplitude of the input. For small signals it is therefore possible to achieve almost arbitrarily precise biasing without precision circuit components. The properties of auto-zero control circuits are described, and the design of such circuits is illustrated by means of a /spl mu/-law PCM codec example.
Varying Roles of E-Selectin and P-Selectin in Different Microvascular Beds in Response to Antigen (1999)

Expression of E-selectin and P-selectin is critical in the effector phase of leukocyte recruitment in response to Ag. Whether their relative roles differ between tissues in response to the same Ag is unknown. In this study, a type I hypersensitivity response was elicited in C57BL/6 mice by systemic sensitization with OVA. Following local Ag challenge, endothelial selectin expression was examined in the skin and cremaster muscle microvasculature using a dual-radiolabeled mAb technique. Next, the dermal and muscle microcirculations were visualized using intravital microscopy to establish roles for P-selectin and/or E-selectin. In untreated mice, leukocyte recruitment in both skin and skeletal muscle was mediated entirely by P-selectin. Following Ag challenge, leukocyte rolling flux and adhesion were dramatically increased and leukocyte rolling velocity was unchanged in muscle. Only P-selectin expression increased in muscle, and leukocyte recruitment was entirely dependent upon this selectin. In contrast, in Ag-challenged skin, leukocyte rolling flux did not increase, but rolling velocity dropped profoundly. In skin, only E-selectin expression increased, and blockade of either E-selectin or P-selectin had minimal effect on either rolling flux or rolling velocity. Blockade of both selectins reduced rolling flux by 80% and increased rolling velocity sevenfold. These data highlight striking differences in expression of the endothelial selectins in separate microvascular beds in response to the same stimulus and demonstrate that these differences underlie very different patterns of leukocyte recruitment. The data underscore the importance of studying individual microvascular beds to understand tissue-specific leukocyte recruitment in vivo.
DBTaint: cross-application information flow tracking via databases (2010)

Information flow tracking has been an effective approach for identifying malicious input and detecting software vulnerabilities. However, most current schemes can only track data within a single application. This singleapplication approach means that the program must consider data from other programs as either all tainted or all untainted, inevitably causing false positives or false negatives. These schemes are insufficient for most Web services because these services include multiple applications, such as a Web application and a database application. Although system-wide information flow tracking is available, these approaches are expensive and overkill for tracking data between Web applications and databases because they fail to take advantage of database semantics. We have designed DBTaint, which provides information flow tracking in databases to enable crossapplication information flow tracking. In DBTaint, we extend database datatypes to maintain and propagate taint bits on each value. We integrate Web application and database taint tracking engines by modifying the database interface, providing cross-application information flow tracking transparently to the Web application. We present two prototype implementations for Perl and Java Web services, and evaluate their effectiveness on two real-world Web applications, an enterprise-grade application written in Perl and a robust forum application written in Java. By taking advantage of the semantics of database operations, DBTaint has low overhead: our unoptimized prototype incurs less than 10-15 % overhead in our benchmarks. ∗ This research is partially supported by NSF CNS award 0644450 and by an AFOSR MURI award. 1
Improvement of bit error rate using channel interleaving for channel binding WLAN prototype (2008)

High speed wireless LAN prototype of 324 Mbit/sec has been developed. Six channel binding of 802.11 a signal on frequency domain was employed for increasing PHY data rate. Frame aggregation was employed to improve MAC-SAP throughput. Individual adaptive data rate setting on each channel, so called adaptive dynamic channel assign was implemented in order to achieve maximum MAC-SAP throughput at any channel condition. In this paper, multiple channel interleaving over all frequency channels for randomization of burst error was presented. Interleaving can be carried out over all channels or inside individual channel. Bit and packet error rate were measured using implemented WLAN equipements with/without multiple channel interleaving. It was confirmed that improvement using multiple channel interleaving were measured to be 2 dB.