gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Scope and Limitations of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Wettabilities of Self-Assembled Monolayers Generated from CF<sub>3</sub>-Terminated Alkanethiols on Gold (1998)

Self-assembled monolayers of terminally fluorinated alkanethiols, CF3(CH2)nSH with n = 9−15, and their nonfluorinated analogues, CH3(CH2)nSH with n = 9−15, were prepared by adsorption from solution onto evaporated gold. The monolayers were characterized by contact angle goniometry, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analyses indicate that the CF3-terminated alkanethiols generate terminally fluorinated monolayers that are well-ordered, particularly when the chain lengths consist of 12 or more carbon atoms. Comparison of CF3-terminated films to CH3-terminated films of similar length reveals that terminal fluorination of the surface leads to an overall decrease in the surface tension of the films. This decrease arises from a relatively large decrease in the dispersive component of the surface tension upon the introduction of fluorine. Surprisingly, terminal fluorination also leads to a small but significant increase in the nondispersive component(s) of the surface tension. The origin of these opposing effects is discussed.
A field-reversed magnetic configuration and applications of high-temperature FRC plasma (2011)

As applied to a tokomak, a magnetic trap for confinement of a plasma with an inverted field or a magnetic field reversed configuration (FRC) is one of the most promising alternatives of the systems with high β. A brief review of the latest data on FRC and potential directions of using such configurations in addition to energy generation in thermonuclear reactors (TNRs) is proposed.
Mitosis-inhibiting natural products. 24. Synthesis and antimitotic activity of glycosidic lignan derivatives related to podophyllotoxin (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMitosis-inhibiting natural products. 24. Synthesis and antimitotic activity of glycosidic lignan derivatives related to podophyllotoxinC. Keller-Juslen, M. Kuhn, A. Von Wartburg, and H. StaehelinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 10, 936–940Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00292a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views475Altmetric-Citations130LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (482 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The <i>TEL/ETV6</i> gene is required specifically for hematopoiesis in the bone marrow (1998)

The TEL (translocation-Ets-leukemia or ETV6) locus, which encodes an Ets family transcription factor, is frequently rearranged in human leukemias of myeloid or lymphoid origins. By gene targeting in mice, we previously showed that TEL-/- mice are embryonic lethal because of a yolk sac angiogenic defect. TEL also appears essential for the survival of selected neural and mesenchymal populations within the embryo proper. Here, we have generated mouse chimeras with TEL-/- ES cells to examine a possible requirement in adult hematopoiesis. Although not required for the intrinsic proliferation and/or differentiation of adult-type hematopoietic lineages in the yolk sac and fetal liver, TEL function is essential for the establishment of hematopoiesis of all lineages in the bone marrow. This defect is manifest within the first week of postnatal life. Our data pinpoint a critical role for TEL in the normal transition of hematopoietic activity from fetal liver to bone marrow. This might reflect an inability of TEL-/- hematopoietic stem cells or progenitors to migrate or home to the bone marrow or, more likely, the failure of these cells to respond appropriately and/or survive within the bone marrow microenvironment. These data establish TEL as the first transcription factor required specifically for hematopoiesis within the bone marrow, as opposed to other sites of hematopoietic activity during development.
Study of the isothermal curing of an epoxy prepreg by near‐infrared spectroscopy (2003)

Abstract The commercial epoxy prepreg SPX 8800, containing diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, dicyanodiamide, diuron, and reinforcing glass fibers, was isothermally cured at different temperatures from 75 to 110°C and monitored via in situ near‐infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. Two cure conditions were investigated: curing the epoxy prepreg directly (condition 1) and curing the epoxy prepreg between two glass plates (condition 2). Under both curing conditions, the epoxy group could not reach 100% conversion with curing at low temperatures (75–80°C) for 24 h. A comparison of the changes in the epoxy, primary amine, and hydroxyl groups during the curing showed that the samples cured under condition 2 had lower initial epoxy conversion rates than those cured under condition 1 and that more primary amine–epoxy addition occurred under condition 2. In addition, the activation energy under cure condition 2 (104–97 kJ/mol) was higher than that under condition 1 (93–86 kJ/mol), but a lower glass‐transition temperature of the cured samples was observed via differential scanning calorimetry. The moisture in the prepreg was assumed to account for the different reaction kinetics observed and to have led to different reaction mechanisms. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 2295–2305, 2003
A SLA driven VM auto-scaling method in hybrid cloud environment (2013)

The advent of Science Clouds enables scientists to facilitate large-scale scientific computational experiments over cloud environment besides specialized supercomputers in diverse science domains. Cloud computing service elicits efficiency on on-demand resource usage and timely execution at any given time depending on experimental requirements. Hybrid clouds, composing of private and public clouds, even extend research opportunities on resource selection for further complicated experiments but increase the needs of dynamic resource management to maximize its utilization. At existing public cloud providers for commercial use, rule-based and schedule-based mechanisms have been tried for automatic resource allocation to provide resources for processing dynamic workload of modern applications. However, most of the auto-scaling methods just simply support performance metric such as CPU utilization but rarely are aware of Service Level Agreements (SLA) including execution deadline or cost. In this paper, we propose an auto-scaling method that automatically allocates resources depending on variable resource requirements in hybrid clouds satisfying a user's requirements on SLA. We present experimental results which show that the proposed auto-scaling can minimize SLA violations and acceptable cost if needed.
Proteomic Profiling and Identification of Immunodominant Spore Antigens of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> , <i>Bacillus cereus</i> , and <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (2006)

Differentially expressed and immunogenic spore proteins of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria, which includes Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis, were identified. Comparative proteomic profiling of their spore proteins distinguished the three species from each other as well as the virulent from the avirulent strains. A total of 458 proteins encoded by 232 open reading frames were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis for all the species. A number of highly expressed proteins, including elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), elongation factor G, 60-kDa chaperonin, enolase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and others exist as charge variants on two-dimensional gels. These charge variants have similar masses but different isoelectric points. The majority of identified proteins have cellular roles associated with energy production, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, posttranslational modifications, and translation. Novel vaccine candidate proteins were identified using B. anthracis polyclonal antisera from humans postinfected with cutaneous anthrax. Fifteen immunoreactive proteins were identified in B. anthracis spores, whereas 7, 14, and 7 immunoreactive proteins were identified for B. cereus and in the virulent and avirulent strains of B. thuringiensis spores, respectively. Some of the immunodominant antigens include charge variants of EF-Tu, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase, Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, and a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. Alanine racemase and neutral protease were uniquely immunogenic to B. anthracis. Comparative analysis of the spore immunome will be of significance for further nucleic acid- and immuno-based detection systems as well as next-generation vaccine development.
Erythrocyte membrane tropomyosin. Purification and properties. (1984)

Two polypeptides of Mr approximately 29,000 and 27,000 have been identified in human erythrocyte membranes that cross-react specifically with affinity purified antibodies to chicken gizzard tropomyosin. The cross-reacting polypeptides are quantitatively retained on the membrane after cell lysis if millimolar concentrations of magnesium are included in the lysis and wash buffers, indicating that they are membrane-bound proteins under physiological conditions. Milligram quantities of these immunoreactive polypeptides have been purified to greater than 95% purity from a low salt extract of membranes by DEAE-chromatography, precipitation at pH 4.4, and heating to 85 degrees C to denature contaminants. Physical similarities of the erythrocyte protein to other tropomyosins include (a) amino acid composition (b) anomalous migration of the Mr approximately 29,000 and 27,000 polypeptides on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gels in the presence of 6 M urea to apparent Mr approximately 43,000 and 38,000, respectively (c) arrangement of chains as dimers of Mr approximately 60,000 based on cross-linking studies and calculation of molecular weight from hydrodynamic values (Rs = 5.9 nm, sedimentation coefficient = 2.5 S; partial specific volume = 0.72 cm3/g) and (d) highly asymmetric shape, based on a frictional ratio of 2.07. Binding of erythrocyte tropomyosin to muscle F-actin saturates at one tropomyosin molecule (Mr approximately 60,000) to 6-7 actin monomers and is highly cooperative with a Hill coefficient of about 2.8, similar to muscle tropomyosins. Binding also exhibits a high degree of cooperativity as a function of the magnesium concentration with a transition between no binding and complete binding between 1 and 2 mM MgCl2. Increasing the magnesium concentration from 2 to 10 mM increases the apparent affinity of tropomyosin for actin from approximately 2.6 X 10(6) M-1 to approximately 2.7 X 10(7) M-1 without effect on the Hill coefficient. The tropomyosin polypeptides comprise about 1% of the erythrocyte membrane protein and are present in a ratio of one Mr approximately 60,000 tropomyosin molecule to 7-8 actin monomers, an amount almost sufficient to coat all of the F-actin on the membrane. These data are consistent with the association of two tropomyosin molecules with each of the short actin filaments (12-17 monomers long) thought to exist in the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeleton. The erythrocyte tropomyosin could function to mechanically stabilize these actin filaments as well as play a role in regulating the interaction of spectrin with actin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Challenges for MicroRNA Microarray Data Analysis (2013)

Microarray is a high throughput discovery tool that has been broadly used for genomic research. Probe-target hybridization is the central concept of this technology to determine the relative abundance of nucleic acid sequences through fluorescence-based detection. In microarray experiments, variations of expression measurements can be attributed to many different sources that influence the stability and reproducibility of microarray platforms. Normalization is an essential step to reduce non-biological errors and to convert raw image data from multiple arrays (channels) to quality data for further analysis. In general, for the traditional microarray analysis, most established normalization methods are based on two assumptions: (1) the total number of target genes is large enough (>10,000); and (2) the expression level of the majority of genes is kept constant. However, microRNA (miRNA) arrays are usually spotted in low density, due to the fact that the total number of miRNAs is less than 2,000 and the majority of miRNAs are weakly or not expressed. As a result, normalization methods based on the above two assumptions are not applicable to miRNA profiling studies. In this review, we discuss a few representative microarray platforms on the market for miRNA profiling and compare the traditional methods with a few novel strategies specific for miRNA microarrays.
A comparison of SOM based document categorization systems (2004)

This paper describes the development and evaluation of two unsupervised learning mechanisms for solving the automatic document categorization problem. Both mechanisms are based on a hierarchical structure of self-organizing feature maps. Specifically, one architecture is based on the vector space model whereas the other one is based on a code-books model. Results show that the latter architecture performs better than the first one which is based on the quality of the returned clusters.
Emulsion Micro Emulsion and Nano Emulsion: A Review (2016)

Lipid dosage forms are attractive delivery systems for hydrophobic drug molecules. is one of the popular system since many decades. Pharmaceutical applications of emulsions widened especially after micro and nano-emulsion emergence. This paper is an attempt to summarise comparative aspects like definition, theories, types, methods of prepara-tions, advantages, disadvantages and methods of analysis of emulsion, micro-emulsion and nano-emulsion.




	
		
			How to Cite this Article
		
		
			Pubmed Style
			
			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. SRP. 2017; 8(1): 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8
			
			Web Style
			
			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=302644562 [Access: March 28, 2021]. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			AMA (American Medical Association) Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. SRP. 2017; 8(1): 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			Vancouver/ICMJE Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. SRP. (2017), [cited March 28, 2021]; 8(1): 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			Harvard Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore (2017) Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. SRP, 8 (1), 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			Turabian Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. 2017. Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Reviews in Pharmacy, 8 (1), 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			Chicago Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. Emulsion Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 8 (2017), 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore. Emulsion Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 8.1 (2017), 39-47. Print. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8

			
			APA (American Psychological Association) Style

			Santosh Nemichand Kale,Sharada Laxman Deore (2017) Micro and Nano Emulsion: A Reviews in Pharmacy, 8 (1), 39-47. doi:10.5530/srp.2017.1.8
<title>Spectral ellipsometry on patterned wafers</title> (1995)

Ellipsometry has seen only limited application to the post-deposition pattern etch process despite the fact that physical parameters such as groove width, depth and pitch are as critical to product performance as the more basic thin film parameters traditionally analyzed using ellipsometry. This paper presents initial theoretical results pertaining to modeling the reflectance from a 1D etched pattern on a semiconductor substrate. To analyze the sample's effects upon the incident beam polarization, we formulate the zeroth-order reflection coefficients for the orthogonal p and s polarization states and construct models of ellipsometric parameters (Psi and Delta) for a rectangular-groove surface pattern, emphasizing the effect of groove geometry upon these quantities.
Fault Tolerant List Scheduler for Time-Triggered Communication in Time-Sensitive Networks (2021)

The performance and dependability of modern mission-critical systems significantly depends on the communication infrastructure. In this context, the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) task group addressed different requirements of cyber-physical systems such as timing and reliability constraints. TSN provides real-time capabilities through sharing a global time reference and employing transmission schedule tables called Gate Control Lists (GCL). On the other hand, TSN masks faulty behaviors within a system through a technique called Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (FRER). FRER fulfills the safety requirements of mission-critical systems by message replication and transmission of message replicas over redundant paths. The scheduling problem for the GCL synthesis is NP-complete. For simplification of the scheduling process, several state-of-the-art solutions provide schedulers for fault-free networks. However, this assumption is very optimistic and in practice networks experience different faulty-behaviors over time. This paper extends our heuristic TSN scheduler which was developed for fault-free TSN systems to support the FRER mechanism. Our fault-tolerant TSN scheduler focuses on enhancing the reliability of a mission-critical system while meeting the deadlines of time-critical jobs. To achieve this goal, we introduce a novel reliability analysis approach for a mission-critical system with a TSN communication infrastructure. This approach models and evaluates the reliability of a system based on the reliability of message transmissions between safety-critical jobs. The reliability of message transmissions is computed based on the reliability of the network components that form the forwarding paths. Thereby, our reliability model enables the system designers to plan networks more optimally.
<title>Compact Airborne Spectral Sensor (COMPASS)</title> (2001)

The COMPACT Airborne Spectral Sensor (COMPASS) design is intended to demonstrate a new design concept for solar reflective hyper spectral systems for the Government. Capitalizing from recent focal plane developments, the COMPASS system utilizes a single FPA to cover the 0.4-2.35micrometers spectral region. This system also utilizes an Offner spectrometer design as well as an electron etched lithography curved grating technology pioneered by NASA/JPL. This paper also discusses the technical trades, which drove the design selection of COMPASS. When completed, the core COMPASS spectrometer design could be used in a large variety of configurations on a variety of aircraft.
Chloroplast rpoA, rpoB, and rpoC genes specify at least three components of a chloroplast DNA-dependent RNA polymerase active in tRNA and mRNA transcription. (1988)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between putative chloroplast RNA polymerase subunit genes and known chloroplast transcriptional activities. We have prepared fusion polypeptide genes from fragments of chloroplast DNA homologous to bacterial RNA polymerase subunit genes and expression vectors carrying portions of the anthranilate synthetase gene (trpE). Fusion proteins for chloroplast homologs of the RNA polymerase alpha (rpoA), beta (rpoB), and beta' (rpoC) subunits were obtained from these genes. The fusion polypeptides synthesized by Escherichia coli in vivo were purified and used as antigens for production of rabbit polyclonal anti-RNA polymerase subunit-specific antibodies. The purified antibodies were able to immobilize chloroplast DNA-dependent RNA polymerases from spinach, pea, and Euglena gracilis. In addition, the soluble chloroplast RNA polymerase activity in tRNA and mRNA synthesis was strongly inhibited by these antibodies under conditions which had little effect on transcription by the chloroplast transcriptionally active chromosome that preferentially transcribed rRNA genes (Greenberg, B. M., Narita, J. O., DeLuca-Flaherty, C., Gruissem, W., Rushlow, K. A., and Hallick, R. B. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259: 14880-14887). From these data we conclude that the chloroplast genes homologous to bacterial RNA polymerase subunit genes are expressed in vivo and that the protein products specify at least three of the components of the chloroplast RNA polymerase(s) involved in tRNA and mRNA transcription.
Binding of HTLV-III/LAV to T4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells by a Complex of the 110K Viral Protein and the T4 Molecule (1986)

Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is tropic for human T cells with the helper-inducer phenotype, as defined by reactivity with monoclonal antibodies specific for the T4 molecule. Treatment of T4+ T cells with monoclonal antibodies to T4 antigen blocks HTLV-III/LAV binding, syncytia formation, and infectivity. Thus, it has been inferred that the T4 molecule itself is a virus receptor. In the present studies, the surfaces of T4+ T cells were labeled radioactively, and then the cells were exposed to virus. After the cells were lysed, HTLV-III/LAV antibodies were found to precipitate a surface protein with a molecular weight of 58,000 (58K). By blocking and absorption experiments, this 58K protein was identified as the T4 molecule. No cell-surface structures other than the T4 molecule were involved in the antibody-antigen complex formation. Two monoclonal antibodies, each reactive with a separate epitope of the T4 molecule, were tested for their binding capacities in the presence of HTLV-III/LAV. When HTLV-III/LAV was bound to T4+ T cells, the virus blocked the binding of one of the monoclonal antibodies, T4A (OKT4A), but not of the other, T4 (OKT4). When HTLV-III/LAV was internally radiolabeled and bound to T4+ T cells which were then lysed, a viral glycoprotein of 110K (gp110) coprecipitated with the T4 molecule. The binding of gp110 to the T4 molecule may thus be a major factor in HTLV-III/LAV tropism and may prove useful in developing therapeutic or preventive measures for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.