gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Betrachten einer Beispielklasse: Circle (2004)

Nachdem in Kapitel 3 im Zusammenhang mit der Erzeugung von Objekten über die Rolle der Klassen erste Aussagen getroffen wurden und im Kapitel 5 mithilfe des System-Browsers ein erster Einblick in die Struktur einer Smnalltalk-Klasse und ihre Einbettung in die Klassenbibliothek genommen wurde, werden nun einige der in diesen Kapiteln offen gebliebenen Fragen beantwortet. Dazu ziehen wir die Klasse Circle als Beispiel heran. Dabei werden aber wiederum neue Fragen auftauchen, deren Beantwortung den nachfolgenden Kapiteln vorbehalten bleibt.
A gate-controlled silicon light emitting diode (2003)

A gate-controlled Si-LED is described where the light intensity is modulated via an insulated MOS gate voltage. It is found that the light intensity is a quadratic function of the applied gate voltage. This nonlinear relationship facilitates new applications, such as the mixing of electrical input signals and modulating the optical output signal.
Genome-wide analyses of phenylpropanoid-related genes in Populus trichocarpa, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Oryza sativa: the Populus lignin toolbox and conservation and diversification of angiosperm gene familiesThis article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Poplar Research in Canada. (2007)

The completion of the Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & A. Gray) (poplar) genome sequence offers an opportunity to study complete genome families in a third fully sequenced angiosperm (after Arabidopsis and rice) and to conduct comparative genomics studies of angiosperm gene family evolution. We focussed on gene families encoding phenylpropanoid and phenylpropanoid-like enzymes, and identified and annotated the full set of genes encoding these and related enzymes in the poplar genome. We used a similar approach to identify an analogous set of genes from the rice genome and generated phylogenetic trees for nine phenylpropanoid gene families from aligned poplar, Arabidopsis, and rice predicted protein sequences. This enabled us to identify the likely full set of bona fide poplar lignin-related phenylpropanoid genes (poplar “lignification toolbox”) apparent within well-defined clades in all phylogenetic trees. Analysis of expression data for poplar genes confirmed and refined annotations of lignin-related genes, which generally showed high expression in wood-forming tissues. Expression data from both poplar and Arabidopsis were used to make inferences regarding biochemical and biological functions of phenylpropanoid-like genes with unknown functions. The comparative approach also provided insights into the evolution of angiosperm phenylpropanoid-like gene families, illustrating lineage-specific clades as well as ancient clades containing genes with apparent conserved function.
A new video sharing by communication and analysis of region of interest on panoramic video (2013)

Even with the ongoing growth of video sharing services, only 10% of its users have uploaded contents. In current video sharing services, almost all users only watch somebody's uploaded video and discuss their impressions. Communities in the services can be revitalized if the users can communicate their intentions directly via video contents. To address this issue, we use a novel system to make their video with their intentions without breaking original video sources. The system enables users to record their RoI (Region of Interests) information in scenario form and they can reproduce their RoI easily. Scenarios are raw user logs and once they are obtained, it is possible to extract much useful information from them. We have introduced a new measure, interest degree, to find a scenario with common RoIs of the community. In this paper, validity of our proposal and of the measure are evaluated.
Control of inflammation by integration of environmental cues by regulatory T cells (2013)

Tregs have been implicated in control of homeostasis in the immune system and beyond. These cells restrain inflammatory responses to self antigens, commensal microorganisms, allergens, and pathogens and adapt their homeostatic and functional capabilities to a particular environment. In this review, we discuss a general model of integration of environmental cues by Tregs in which specialized Treg homeostatic, migratory, and suppression programs are established in dynamically changing inflammatory environments by maintaining an optimal threshold of activation of transcription factors involved in regulation of the corresponding type of effector immune responses.
Intra-atrial reentry as a mechanism for atrial flutter induced by acetylcholine and rapid pacing in the dog. (1984)

In the isolated blood-perfused canine heart we produced episodes of rapid atrial flutter by continuous infusion of acetylcholine and rapid pacing. The spread of excitation during atrial flutter was mapped with the aid of two endocavitary mapping electrodes containing 960 leads and recording from 192 different sites simultaneously. The flutter maps clearly showed that intra-atrial reentry was the mechanism responsible for the arrhythmia. However, the localization and size of the intra-atrial circuits differed from case to case even in the same heart. The orifices of the venae cavae or the atrioventricular ring did not serve as a central anatomic obstacle for circus movement. We also failed to identify a special role of the internodal pathways in the formation of the loop. Instead, the intra-atrial circuits could be found everywhere, provided sufficient atrial mass was available to accommodate the circuit. The diameter of the circuits varied between 1.5 and 3 cm at a cycle length between 65 and 155 msec. The average conduction velocity of the circulating impulse varied between 60 and 80 cm/sec. Spontaneous termination of atrial flutter frequently occurred and was based on local conduction block in a narrow part of the circuit. Another interesting aspect of these studies is the finding that during continuous circus movement of the impulse, the amount of myocardium that is activated may vary considerably. This marked periodicity in excited tissue mass during atrial flutter could adequately explain the continuously undulating baseline or typical sawtoothlike F waves as seen in the surface electrocardiogram during atrial flutter.
A hydrogen storage layer on the surface of silicon nitride films (2008)

Composition, layer structure, and H-retaining stability of 980°C N2-annealed silicon nitride-oxide (ON) stacks were analyzed using high resolution rutherford backscattering, synchrotron x-ray specular reflectometry, and nuclear reaction analysis. The formation of a Si2N2O layer in the near-surface part of N2-annealed nitride films was discovered. The Si2N2O layer can store hydrogen species that are resistant against energetic electron damage due to their reduced diffusion mobility. Although degrading in air, the Si2N2O layer thus provides reliable hydrogen species, which are desirable in the integrated circuit processing of silicon transistors and silicon ONO trap memories.
Dose Monitoring in Radiology Departments: Status Quo and Future Perspectives (2016)

• Automated, systematic dose monitoring is an important element in quality assurance of radiology departments. • DICOM-RDSR-capable CT scanners facilitate the monitoring of dose data. • A variety of commercial and non-commercial dose monitoring software tools are available today. • Successful dose monitoring requires comprehensive infrastructure for monitoring, analysing and optimizing radiation exposure. Citation Format: • Boos J, Meineke A, Bethge OT et al. Dose Monitoring in Radiology Departments: Status Quo and Future Perspectives. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2016; 188: 443 - 450.
Absolute distance measurement by wavelength shift interferometry with a laser diode: some systematic error sources (1987)

A method for measuring absolute distance by the wavelength shift of laser diode light has previously been proposed. In this work three serious systematic error sources for the method are discussed and some of the discussion is confirmed by experiment. The error sources are optical feedback effect, longitudinal mode distribution of laser light, and unwanted light reflected from optical devices (coherent noise). The optical feedback effect influences the wavelength shift of the emitted light. The mode distribution causes the periodic error dependent on the measured distance, and the maximum error is determined by the change in the intensity ratio of the submodes to the main mode. Coherent noise causes the periodic error also dependent on the distance, and the maximum error is determined by the amplitude ratio of the measuring lightwave to the noise. These systematic errors are observed in some demonstrative experiments.
vRecruit: An Automated Smart Recruitment Webapp using Machine Learning (2022)

The need for global online recruitment has risen tremendously in recent years. However, this procedure presents difficulties for recruiters in managing the flood of applications and maintaining contact with the applicants. Historically, little attention has been paid to a practical solution for virtual recruitment. As a result, the paper proposes "vRecruit - A machine learning-based web application" for virtual recruitment in the current paper. vRecruit’s primary features include a client-specific interview process that leverages Machine Learning-based references to context provided by the client, as well as a text-based sentiment analysis engine. All components work in unison to ensure the webapp’s end-to-end functionality, which was finally launched on flask. The face recognition method using the face api model achieved a 96% accuracy. The speech to text conversion using the Mozilla DeepSpeech model had a 7.55% word error rate, whereas the rasa Natural Language Understanding (NLU) model trained for chatbots had a 95% accuracy. The webapp provides a hassle-free virtual recruiting experience for candidates and interviewers.
CIRCE, a novel heat shock element involved in regulation of heat shock operon dnaK of Bacillus subtilis (1994)

The dnaK and groESL operons of Bacillus subtilis are preceded by a potential sigma 43 promoter sequence (recognized by the vegetative sigma factor) and by an inverted repeat (IR) consisting of 9 bp separated by a 9-bp spacer. Since this IR has been found in many bacterial species, we suspected that it might be involved in heat shock regulation. In order to test this hypothesis, three different mutational alterations of three bases were introduced within the IR preceding the dnaK operon. These mutations were crossed into the chromosome of B. subtilis, and expression of the dnaK and of the unlinked groESL operons was studied. The dnaK operon exhibited increased expression at low temperature and a reduction in the stimulation after temperature upshift. Furthermore, these mutations reduced expression of the groESL operon at low temperature by 50% but did not interfere with stimulation after heat shock. These experiments show that the IR acts as a negative cis element of the dnaK operon. This conclusion was strengthened by the observation that the IR reduced expression of two different transcriptional fusions significantly after its insertion between the promoter and the reporter gene. Since this IR has been described in many bacterial species as preceding only genes of the dnaK and groESL operons, both encoding molecular chaperones (39 cases are documented so far), we designated this heat shock element CIRCE (controlling IR of chaperone expression). Furthermore, we suggest that this novel mechanism is more widespread among eubacteria than the regulation mechanism described for Escherichia coli and has a more ancient origin.
Open Systems and Interfaces for Distributed Electronics in Cars (OSEK) (1995)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The individual development process for distributed, communicating electronic control units hinders the integration of Automotive systems and increases the overall costs. In order to facilitate such applications, services and protocols for Communication, Network Management, and Operating System must be standardized. The aim of the OSEK project is to work out a respective specification proposal in cooperation with several car manufacturers and suppliers. This will permit a cost-effective system integration and support the portation of system functions between different electronic control units.</div>
Volterra series approach for optimizing fiber-optic communications system designs (1998)

A new methodology for designing long-haul fiber-optic communication systems is presented. We derive the overall Volterra series transfer function of the system including linear dispersion, fiber nonlinearities, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise from the fiber amplifiers, and the square-law nature of the direct detection (DD) system. Since analytical expressions for the probability of error are difficult to derive for the complex systems being used, we derive analytical expressions for an upper bound on probability of error for integrate-and-threshold detection at the receiver. Using this bound as a performance criterion, we determine the optimal dispersion parameters of each fiber segment required to minimize the effects of linear dispersion, fiber nonlinearities and ASE noise from the amplifiers. We study the dependence of optimal dispersion parameters on the average power levels in the fiber by varying the peak input power levels and the amplifier gains. Analytical expressions give us the freedom to choose system parameters in a practical manner, while providing optimum system performance. Using a simple system as an example, we demonstrate the power of the Volterra series approach to design optimal optical communication systems. The analysis and the design procedure presented in this work can be extended to the design of more complex wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems.
Allele-specific expression of the PSP gene in the mouse sublingual glands (1998)

There are two known alleles of the mouse parotid secretory protein (PSP) gene: Pspa and Pspb. Pspa is carried by DBA/2J mice and Pspb is carried by C57BL/6J mice. Eighty-eight mice derived from a F1(C57BL/6J x DBA/2J) to DBA/2J backcross were analysed for PSP mRNA expression in the sublingual glands. Expression was found in heterozygous mice only. This indicates that only Pspb is expressed in this tissue. Furthermore, it maps the allele-specific sublingual gland determinant within 3.4 cM of Psp. Previous analysis of Pspb identified an enhancer-like region in position -4.6 to -3.1 kb that was necessary for transgene expression in the sublingual glands. Here it is shown that the corresponding region in Pspa enhances transgene expression in the sublingual glands as efficiently. The implications for regulation of PSP mRNA expression in the sublingual glands are discussed.
Electronic implants: power delivery and management (2013)

A power delivery system for implantable biosensors is presented. The system, embedded into a skin patch and located directly over the implantation area, is able to transfer up to 15 mW wirelessly through the body tissues by means of an inductive link. The inductive link is also used to achieve bidirectional data communication with the implanted device. Downlink communication (ASK) is performed at 100 kbps; uplink communication (LSK) is performed at 66.6 kbps. The received power is managed by an integrated system including a voltage rectifier, an amplitude demodulator and a load modulator. The power management system is presented and evaluated by means of simulations.
A randomized controlled trial of licartin for preventing hepatoma recurrence after liver transplantation (2007)

Licartin is a promising drug for preventing post-OLT tumor recurrence in advanced HCC patients excluded by the currently strict criteria for OLT. HAb18G/CD147 can be a good drug target.
Gluco-obtusifolin and Its Aglycon, Obtusifolin, Attenuate Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment (2009)

In the present study, we assessed the effects of gluco-obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia L., and its aglycone, obtusifolin, on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine using the passive avoidance and the Morris water maze tasks in mice. Gluco-obtusifolin (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg, p.o.) and obtusifolin (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reversed scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in the passive avoidance test (P<0.05). Moreover, gluco-obtusifolin (2 mg/kg, p.o.) and obtusifolin (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.) improved escape latencies, swimming times in the target quadrant, and crossing numbers in the zone where the platform previously existed in the Morris water maze test. In the acetylcholinesterase assay, gluco-obtusifolin and obtusifolin were found to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro (IC(50) = 37.2 and 18.5 microM, respectively) and ex vivo. These results suggest that gluco-obtusifolin and its aglycone may be useful for the treatment of cognitive impairment, and that its beneficial effects are mediated, in part, by the enhancement of cholinergic signaling.
Low-power optical bistability in a thermally stable AlGaAs étalon (1989)

Optical bistability with 10 mW input power is reported in a thermally stable, nonlinear AlGaAs étalon. A 3-μm-thick silver layer, which serves both as high-reflecting mirror and heat sink, makes it possible to operate the device at arbitrary duty cycles and pulse lengths up to 0.5 s, without any regenerative pulsations, at room temperature. The device operation depends on the plasma-induced electronic nonlinearity, and switching times are typically 10 ns. Device performance is compared with results from a numerical model which takes diffraction, diffusion, and heat conduction into account.
A Multivariate Model for Identification of Bacteria using Pyrolysis-GC/MS (2001)

It was possibl to separate and identify each strain of bacterium using mulRH ariate dataanalxxO model with the fatty acid profil of thecel walH The fatty acid profil for each bacterium was obtained using a chromatogram of the pyrolxB5 samplB5 These data were used tobuil a lqqNxq of the bacterial fatty acid profiljO The data wereanalNRD using mul,N ariate dataanalBHj methods to get a better understanding and to find an e#cient way of identifying the unknown strains of bacteria. A program that uses the resulN from the dataanalqND was made for the fast identification of the newsampljR 1 Contents 1 In troduction 5 1.1 The paper industry probl, . . ................. 5 1.1.1 Productsafety ...................... 6 1.2 Thebacteriaidentificationprobl em............... 6 2 Backgroun 7 2.1 Identificationmethods...................... 7 2.2 Fattyacidanal ysisusingPy-GC/MS.............. 8 2.3 Mul tivariatedataanal ysis.................... 9 3 Methodology 10 3.1 The bacteria studied . . ..................... 10 3.2 Thevariabl esmeasured ..................... 11 3.3 Separatingintogroups...................... 13 3.4 Individual PCmodel s ...................... 14 4 Resultsan discussion 15 4.1 Overview ............................. 16 4.2 Thecl usteranal ysis ....................... 18 4.3 Thediscriminantanal ysis .................... 18 4.4 ThePCmodel sforeachbacterium............... 20 5 Con325wP20 22 5.1 Repeatabil5 y of the experiments . . . . . . .......... 22 5.2 Some recommendations ..................... 23 A Method for bacteria grow24 A.1 Material sforbacterial grow................... 24 A.2 Preparation of the agar ..................... 25 A.3 Preparationofthebacteriagrow ................ 25 A.4 Method for freezing . . . ..................... 25 2 CONTENTS 3 B Metho...
Extensive somatic L1 retrotransposition in colorectal tumors (2012)

L1 retrotransposons comprise 17% of the human genome and are its only autonomous mobile elements. Although L1-induced insertional mutagenesis causes Mendelian disease, their mutagenic load in cancer has been elusive. Using L1-targeted resequencing of 16 colorectal tumor and matched normal DNAs, we found that certain cancers were excessively mutagenized by human-specific L1s, while no verifiable insertions were present in normal tissues. We confirmed de novo L1 insertions in malignancy by both validating and sequencing 69/107 tumor-specific insertions and retrieving both 5' and 3' junctions for 35. In contrast to germline polymorphic L1s, all insertions were severely 5' truncated. Validated insertion numbers varied from up to 17 in some tumors to none in three others, and correlated with the age of the patients. Numerous genes with a role in tumorigenesis were targeted, including ODZ3, ROBO2, PTPRM, PCM1, and CDH11. Thus, somatic retrotransposition may play an etiologic role in colorectal cancer.
Real-Time Novel Event Detection from Social Media (2017)

In this paper, we present a new approach for detecting novel events from social media, specially Twitter, at real-time. An event is usually defined by who, what, where and when, and an event tweet usually contains terms corresponding to these aspects. To exploit this information, we propose a method that incorporates simple semantics by splitting the tweet term space into groups of terms that have the meaning of the same type. These groups are called semantic categories (classes) and each reflects one or more event aspects. The semantic classes include named entity, mention, location, hashtag, verb, noun and embedded link. To group tweets talking about the same event into the same cluster, similarity measuring is conducted by calculating class-wise similarity and then aggregating them together. Users of a real-time event detection system are usually only interested in novel (new) events, which are happening now or just happened a short time ago. To fulfill this requirement, a temporal identification module is used to filter out event clusters that are about old stories. The clustering module also computes a novelty score for each event cluster, which reflects how novel the event is, compared to previous events. We evaluated our event detection method using multiple quality metrics and a large-scale event corpus having millions of tweets. The experiment results show that the proposed online event detection method achieves the state-of-the-art performance. Our experiment also shows that the temporal identification module can effectively detect old events.
Transport of Organic Solutes through Amorphous Teflon AF Films (2005)

Fluorous media have great potential for selective extraction (e.g., as applied to organic synthesis). Fluorous polymer films would have significant advantages in fluorous separations. Stable films of Teflon AF 2400 were cast from solution. Films appear defect-free (SEM; AFM). Rigid aromatic solutes are transported (from chloroform solution to chloroform receiving phase) in a size-dependent manner (log permeability is proportional to -0.0067 times critical volume). Benzene's permeability is about 2 orders of magnitude higher than in comparable gas-phase experiments. The films show selectivity for fluorinated solutes in comparison to the hydrogen-containing control. Transport rates are dependent on the solvent making up the source and receiving phases. The effect of solvent is, interestingly, not due to changes in partition ratio, but rather it is due to changes in the solute diffusion coefficient in the film. Solvents plasticize the films. A less volatile compound, -COOH-terminated poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide) (4), plasticizes the films (T(g) = -40 degrees C). Permeabilities are decreased in comparison to 4-free films apparently because of decreased diffusivity of solutes. The slope of dependence of log permeability on critical volume is not changed, however.