gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small eletric monopole mode dielectric resonatorantenna (1996)

A novel dielectric resonator (DR) antenna is reported. The lowest order mode of the proposed antenna radiates like an electric monopole. The dimensions of the antenna are much smaller than a previously reported structure radiating in a similar mode, e.g. for an antenna fabricated out of ɛr = 20 material, the diameter and height of the DR are ~0.08 λ0 each.
Conctruction and Expression of Small Interference RNA Expression Vectors Targeting Human Gene eya2 (2008)

Objective:To design and construct the eukaryotic expression vector of human eyes absent 2(eya2) small interfering RNA(siRNA) and to transfect 293T cells,investigate the silencing effect of eya2 siRNA on the expression of eya2 gene.Methods:siRNAs were designed and constructed by targeting eya2 gene using pSliencer 2.1-U6 neo based on human eya2 cDNA sequence.Two pairs of oligonucleotides were synthesized and inserted into pSliencer 2.1-U6 neo to generate siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors.E.coli DH5α strains were transformed,plasmids were extracted,and the recombinant sequences were identified.Then human 293T cells were cotransfected with the recombination plasmids and FLAG-tagged eya2 expression vector.The dumbness effect of eya2 siRNAs on the expression of eya2 gene was identified by fluorescence intensity,Western blot and analysis of transcriptional actvity.Results:The expression vectors of eya2 gene siRNAs were constructed and confirmed by DNA sequencing.eya2 siRNAs could effectively inhibit the exogenous and endogenous expression of eya2 gene by Western blot.Fluorescence microscope showed that siRNAs could inhibit the eya2 expression and obviously weaken the fluorescence intensity in the 293T cells.Conclusion:The eukaryotic expression vectors of eya2 siRNAs were constructed successfully.The siRNAs could effectively inhibit the expression of eya2 gene.
<i>MET</i>Oncogene Inhibition as a Potential Target of Therapy for Uveal Melanomas (2010)

PURPOSE. The purposes of this study were to investigate the frequency of MET activation in uveal melanomas (UMs), to study the potential molecular mechanism for its activation, and to assess the utility of MET inhibition as a potential therapy for UM. METHODS. The frequency of MET activation in UMs was studied by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in 46 primary UMs and six UM cell lines. Sequencing was used for detection of activating mutations in the MET gene, and the effect of selective MET inhibition was assessed by cell proliferation and migration assays. RESULTS. The results showed that the majority (82.5%) of the 46 UMs expressed activated MET protein. Three of the UM cell lines, C918, 92.1, and MEL202, showed strong MET and pMET expression, whereas the other three showed weaker expression. Sequence analysis identified no activating mutations in MET in any of the 22 tumors or in the six UM cell lines. Selective MET blocking showed inhibition of tumor cell proliferation at an IC(50) ranging from 2.5 to 5.2 microM. A significant inhibition of UM cell migration was also observed starting at 1.25 microM. CONCLUSIONS. The results indicate that MET is activated in a significant number of UMs and also that MET activation in UMs is most likely through indirect gene activation rather than copy number alteration or mutation involving the MET gene. MET inhibition could be a target of therapy for UM.
Introduction: the technological golem (2002)

‘Science seems to be either all good or all bad. For some, science is a crusading knight beset by simple-minded mystics while more sinister figures wait to found a new fascism on the victory of ignorance. For others it is science which is the enemy; our gentle planet, our slowly and painfully nurtured sense of right and wrong, our feel for the poetic and the beautiful, are assailed by a technological bureaucracy – the antithesis of culture – controlled by capitalists with no concern but profit. For some, science gives us agricultural self-sufficiency, cures for the crippled, a global network of friends and acquaintances; for others it gives us weapons of war, a school teacher's fiery death as the space shuttle falls from grace, and the silent, deceiving, bone-poisoning, Chernobyl.
A CASE OF SPONTANEOUS DISSECTING ANEURYSM OF THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY (1959)

<h3>Aim:</h3> Catheter placement to allow video-urodynamics (VUD) to be performed can be uncomfortable and embarrassing for young people. Traditionally at our unit children requiring urethral and rectal catheter insertion for VUD were offered catheter insertion under a General anaesthetic (GA) if they had not previously catheterised at home. We describe our experience of the use of Entonox for catheter placement. <h3>Methods:</h3> All children over the age of 4 years requiring urethral catheterisation for VUD who were felt to be able to cooperate with Entonox inhalation and had not previously catheterised were offered Entonox for catheter insertion. We have reviewed the success of catheter placement, side effects of Entonox, analysed patient experience of this change in practice and reviewed waiting times for VUD. <h3>Results:</h3> 310 VUD studies were performed between January 2012 and June 2013. 59 (19%) had urethral and rectal catheters inserted under Entonox. Ages 4–16 years (median 11 years) and 76% female. Catheters were successfully placed with Entonox in 90% of cases. The 6 unsuccessful attempts, 3 required GA catheter placement (mean age 6 years) and 3 without sedation. 2 patients could not tolerate Entonox, 1 refused and 2 patients experienced dizziness, no nausea or vomiting reported. 23 patients were assessed using a visual analogue score (1–10), median score of expected discomfort 6.5/10 compared with actual discomfort score of 2.9/10. 9% found catheter placement worse than they expected. Prior to change in practice our average wait for VUD was 148 days and following the introduction of Entonox the wait had reduced by 64%. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Entonox is an alternative to GA in the placement of urethral catheters for video-urodynamics and is generally well tolerated. Use of Entonox has avoided the need for pre-admission clinic attendance, administration of general anaesthetic and has reduced waiting times. The availability of Entonox in the hospital setting makes it an attractive option for use during urethral catheter placement at other times.
Feed gas humidity: a vital parameter affecting a cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jet and plasma-treated human skin cells (2013)

International audience
A simple improved method for protein extraction from human head hairs (2008)

This study was conducted to establish a simple efficient method for extracting the protein from human head hair materials, which can be a useful tool for the protein analysis applicable to various types of human head hairs. The method developed saves extraction time and effort considerably. The method includes four steps: cutting the hair samples into small pieces 1-2 mm in length, washing them with distilled water, incubating the hair samples in a buffer solution at 50 degrees C for 24 hr, and finally filtering the incubated mixtures through three layers of nylon mesh. This method is reproducible and reliable. SDS-PAGE analysis of the hair protein extracted by this method shows a clear protein profile on the gel, which is frequently observed in other hair sources. Two smaller sizes of molecular weights are also detected with the SDS-PAGE analysis. Not commonly found in other hair sources, they seem to be other types of human hair proteins.
Defect complexes in Li-doped MgO (2015)

Magnesium oxide (MgO) is used in a variety of industrial applications due to its low cost and structural stability. In heterogeneous catalysis, MgO and Li-doped MgO have been studied as catalysts for the oxidative coupling of methane. In this work, we analyze the structure and stability of defect complexes comprising Li dopants and oxygen vacancies in MgO, combining scanning tunneling microscopy, photon-emission experiments, and density-functional theory computations. The experimental results strongly indicate that after annealing Li-doped MgO to temperatures of 600 K and higher, Li evaporates from the surface, but Li defects, such as substitutional defects, interstitials, or defect complexes comprising Li remain in the bulk. Our calculations show that bulk defect complexes containing ${\mathrm{F}}^{2+}$ color centers, that have donated their two electrons to two adjacent Li defects, are the most stable configurations at realistic pressure and temperature conditions.
A Novel Herbomineral Formulation Sahaj Vati as Shelf Life Enhancer of Nutraceuticals Based on Aflatoxin Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity (2017)

The present investigation deals with chemical standardization and aflatoxin inhibitory and antioxidant activity of a herbomineral formulation, sahaj vati prepared in two batches (batch I and II) by mixing shilajeet (thick exudates of the mountain during summer season), guggul (Commiphora mukul (stocks) hook.), haridra (Curcuma longa L) and chitrak (Plumbago zealanica L) with levigation of Agnimantha kwatha (Premna mucronata L). Batch I was prepared by mixing shilajeet, guggul, haridra and chitrak in equal proportion (25% each by weight) while batch II comprised shilajeet (44.7%), guggul (44.7%), haridra (4.8%) and chitrak (5.8%) by weight. Sahaj vati II showed highest (96%) inhibition of aflatoxin production at concentration of 10 000 µg/ml. Suddha guggul exhibited strong antioxidant activity showing lowest IC50 at concentration of 20.56 µg/ml. Based on these findings, the newly formulated herbomineral formulation could be recommended for value addition of nutraceuticals by enhancing their shelf life against lipid per oxidation and aflatoxin contamination.
Purification and Characterization of the Poly(Hydroxyalkanoic Acid) Synthase from Chromatium vinosum and Localization of the Enzyme at the Surface of Poly(Hydroxyalkanoic Acid) Granules (1994)

A recombinant strain of Escherichia coli, which overexpressed phaC and phaE from Chromatium vinosum, was used to isolate poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase. The isolation was performed by a two-step procedure including chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel and Procion Blue H-ERD. The poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase consisted of two different kinds of subunit (PhaC, M(r) 39,500 and PhaE, M(r) 40.500). PhaC was separated from the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase complex by chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose: PhaE was enriched by solubilization of protein inclusion bodies. The stoichiometry of PhaC and PhaE in the enzyme complex was not determined. The poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase (PhaEC) exhibited a native relative molecular mass of M(r) 400,000 and most probably consists of ten subunits. The Km value of the enzyme for D(-)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA was 0.063 mM. The enzyme synthesized poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) in vitro from D(-)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA or, together with propionyl-CoA transferase in a coupled enzyme reaction, synthesized the same product from acetyl-CoA plus D(-)-3-hydroxybutyric acid. Antibodies were raised against both subunits of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase. By immunoelectron microscopy, the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase was localized within the cytoplasm in cells of C. vinosum grown under non-storage conditions. In cells grown under poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) storage conditions, the enzyme was observed to be located at the surface of the poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) granules. Immunoblots with anti-PhaC, anti-PhaE IgG and crude extract proteins indicated that poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthases with partial sequence similarities are widespread among purple sulphur bacteria.
Time-domain transillumination of biological tissues with terahertz pulses (2000)

We present time-domain transmission imaging of an opaque structure in pork-fat tissue obtained with a terahertz (THz) field sampling technique. Compared with imaging with near-infrared pulses, the terahertz sampling technique shows significantly enhanced contrast, as a result of low scattering. For enhanced spatial resolution, we show mid-infrared THz imaging of onion cells. Water absorption of THz pulse in muscle tissues is discussed.
Mechanical components handbook (1985)

Mechanical components handbook , Mechanical components handbook , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Roles of guanylyl cyclase-A signaling in the cardiovascular system (2011)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are cardiac hormones synthesized in and secreted from the heart. ANP and BNP bind the common receptor guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) and possess biological actions. Based on their diuretic, natriuretic, and vasodilating activities, they are now widely used as therapeutic agents for heart failure. Roles of endogenous ANP and BNP have been investigated using mice lacking the gene encoding GC-A. Here we describe the recent understanding of roles of GC-A in the cardiovascular system.
Ras-dependent, Ca2+-stimulated Activation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells by a Constitutively Active Cbl Mutant in T Cells (1997)

T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, including Cbl, a protooncogene product whose function remains unclear. As a first step toward elucidating the function of Cbl in TCR-initiated signaling, we evaluated the ability of wild-type Cbl or a transforming Cbl mutant (70Z/3) to induce transcriptional activation of a nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) element derived from the interleukin 2 (IL2) promoter in transiently cotransfected Jurkat-TAg T cells. 70Z/3, but not Cbl, caused NFAT activation which was significantly enhanced by stimulation with calcium ionophore, and was drastically reduced by cyclosporin A pretreatment. A point mutation of a potential phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) binding site (Y731EAM to Y731EAC) in 70Z/3 disrupted the association of PI3-K with 70Z/3, but did not reduce the induction of NFAT activity, suggesting that the interaction between Cbl and PI3-K is not required in the 70Z/3-mediated induction of NFAT. Additional mapping studies indicated that defined deletions of C-terminal 70Z/3 sequences affected to a variable degree its ability to stimulate NFAT activity. Strikingly, deletion of 346 C-terminal residues augmented this activity, whereas removal of 20 additional residues abolished it. Coexpression of dominant negative Ras abrogated the basal or ionomycin-stimulated, 70Z/3-mediated NFAT activation, suggesting a functional Ras is required for this activation. These results implicate Cbl in Ras-dependent signaling pathways which lead to NFAT activation.
Distinctive Properties of the 5′-Untranslated Region of Human Hsp70 mRNA (2003)

A relaxed cap-dependence of translation of the mRNA-encoding mammalian heat shock protein Hsp70 may suggest that its 5'-untranslated region (UTR) possesses an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). In this study, this possibility has been tested in transfected cells using plasmids that express dicistronic mRNAs. Using a reporter gene construct, Renilla luciferase/Photinus pyralis luciferase, we show that the 216-nt long 5'-UTR of Hsp70 mRNA acts as an IRES that directs ribosomes to the downstream start codon by a cap-independent mechanism. The relative activity of this IRES (100-fold over the empty vector) is similar to that of the classical picornaviral IRESs. Additional controls indicate that this high expression of the downstream reporter is not due to readthrough from the upstream cistron, nor is it due to translation of cryptic monocistronic transcripts. The effect of small deletions within the 5'-UTR of Hsp70 mRNA on the IRES activity varies in dependence on their position within the 5'-UTR sequence. With the exception of deletion of nt 33-50, it is small for the 5'-terminal half of the 5'-UTR and rather strong for the 3'-terminal section. However, neither of these small deletions abolishes the IRES activity completely. Excision of larger sections (>50 nt) by truncation of the 5'-UTR from the 5'-end or by internal deleting results in a dramatic impairment of the IRES function. Taken together, these data suggest that the IRES activity of the 5'-UTR of Hsp70 mRNA requires integrity of almost the entire sequence of the 5'-UTR. The data are discussed in terms of a model that allows a three-dimensional rather than linear mode of selection of the initiation region surrounding the start codon of Hsp70 mRNA.
The design of front-end DC-DC converters of distributed power supply systems with improved efficiency and stability (1992)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1992.
Anti-ulcer Effect of Extract from Phellodendri Cortex (1989)

In chinese medicine, Phellodendri Cortex (Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht) has been used to treat the patient who suffers from gastroenteritis, abdominal pain or diarrhea. Berberine has been identified as a major component in this plant, and it has biological activities, such as bactericidal activity, anti-cholera toxin effect, anti-inflammatory effect, stimulative effect of bile secretion or bilirubin discharge. In the previous study, we have shown the presence of anti-inflammatory activity in the berberine-free fraction of the extract from this plant. In the present study, we also found anti-ulcer activity in the fraction. The fraction significantly inhibited the formation of ethanol-induced ulcer, aspirin-induced ulcer (s.c., p.o.), pylorus-ligated ulcer (p.o., i.d.) in rats, as well as that of stress ulcer in restrained and water-immersed mice (p.o.). In addition, gastric acid secretion was significantly reduced in pylorus-ligated rats by subcutaneous or intraduodenal administration of the fraction, but not by oral administration. These findings suggest that the suppression of ulcer formation may be due to the additive effect of the cytoprotection effect and the reduction of gastric acid secretion by administration of the berberine-free fraction.
Effect of Tendon Vibration on Hemiparetic Arm Stability in Unstable Workspaces (2015)

Sensory stimulation of wrist musculature can enhance stability in the proximal arm and may be a useful therapy aimed at improving arm control post-stroke. Specifically, our prior research indicates tendon vibration can enhance stability during point-to-point arm movements and in tracking tasks. The goal of the present study was to investigate the influence of forearm tendon vibration on endpoint stability, measured at the hand, immediately following forward arm movements in an unstable environment. Both proximal and distal workspaces were tested. Ten hemiparetic stroke subjects and 5 healthy controls made forward arm movements while grasping the handle of a two-joint robotic arm. At the end of each movement, the robot applied destabilizing forces. During some trials, 70 Hz vibration was applied to the forearm flexor muscle tendons. 70 Hz was used as the stimulus frequency as it lies within the range of optimal frequencies that activate the muscle spindles at the highest response rate. Endpoint position, velocity, muscle activity and grip force data were compared before, during and after vibration. Stability at the endpoint was quantified as the magnitude of oscillation about the target position, calculated from the power of the tangential velocity data. Prior to vibration, subjects produced unstable, oscillating hand movements about the target location due to the applied force field. Stability increased during vibration, as evidenced by decreased oscillation in hand tangential velocity.
DCT-Domain Coder for Digital Video Applications (2006)

Recent home networking services such as next generation game consoles, video-on-demand, HDTV, etc. require faster video encoders and transcoders that avoid over-complicated transformations. In most popular digital video coding standards such as MPEG-X or H.26x, discrete cosine transform (DCT), inverse DCT (IDCT) transform, and block matching algorithms are essential elements in the coding process. The transforms between the pixel and DCT domains, are taking place during the operations and being only intermediate calculations, which complicate the encoding process. Thus, it is advantageous to reduce the number of transform operations between the spatial and frequency domains in order to simplify the overall encoder structure. In this paper we propose a DCT domain video encoder for reducing processing time. This is achieved by excluding the intermediate DCT and IDCT transforms from the conventional hybrid encoder. This is achieved by calculating the motion estimation and motion compensation via a spatial relationship between the DCT coefficients of a specific block and its sub-blocks. Experimental results of this method were compared to those of the conventional hybrid video encoder in the sense of visual quality and computational complexity. The comparison shows that the computational complexity of the proposed encoder is lower by 12.5% in comparison to conventional hybrid video coder for the same visual quality.
Mid-Air Haptics and Displays (2016)

A fundamental shift is underway in how we interact with our computers and devices. Touchless sensing products are being launched across consumer electronics, home, automotive and healthcare industries. Recent advances in haptics and display technologies has meant that interaction designers can also provide users with tactile feedback in mid-air AND display visual elements wherever the user needs them without in anyway instrumenting the user. The overarching goal of this workshop is to bring together a group of researchers spanning across multiple facets of exploring interactions with mid-air systems to discuss, explore, and outline research challenges for this novel area. We are especially interested in exploring how novel display and haptic technology provide users with more compelling and immersive experiences without instrumenting them in anyway.
Intronic locus determines SHROOM3 expression and potentiates renal allograft fibrosis (2014)

Fibrosis underlies the loss of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in kidney transplant recipients with chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). Here, we studied the effect of an intronic SNP in SHROOM3, which has previously been linked to CKD, on the development of CAN in a prospective cohort of renal allograft recipients. The presence of the rs17319721 allele at the SHROOM3 locus in the donor correlated with increased SHROOM3 expression in the allograft. In vitro, we determined that the sequence containing the risk allele at rs17319721 is a transcription factor 7-like 2-dependent (TCF7L2-dependent) enhancer element that functions to increase SHROOM3 transcription. In renal tubular cells, TGF-β1 administration upregulated SHROOM3 expression in a β-catenin/TCF7L2-mediated manner, while SHROOM3 in turn facilitated canonical TGF-β1 signaling and increased α1 collagen (COL1A1) expression. Inducible and tubular cell-specific knockdown of Shroom3 markedly abrogated interstitial fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteric obstruction. Moreover, SHROOM3 expression in allografts at 3 months after transplant and the presence of the SHROOM3 risk allele in the donor correlated with increased allograft fibrosis and with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate at 12 months after transplant. Our findings suggest that rs17319721 functions as a cis-acting expression quantitative trait locus of SHROOM3 that facilitates TGF-β1 signaling and contributes to allograft injury.