gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of a full-length cDNA clone for the preproα2(I) chain of human type I procollagen. Comparison with the chicken gene confirms unusual patterns of gene conservation (1988)

A cDNA clone from a human placental library was found to consist of an essentially full-length cDNA of 4.6 kb for the prepro alpha 2(I) chain of type I procollagen. Nucleotide sequencing of the 5'-end of the cDNA provided a sequence of 1617 nucleotide residues and codons for 539 amino acid residues not previously defined. Comparison of the complete structure of the prepro alpha 2(I) cDNA with previously reported sequences for the chicken pro alpha 2(I) gene indicated that 83% of 1366 total amino acid residues were conserved. In the alpha-chain domain 84% of 1014 amino acid residues were conserved. Also, there was conservation of the previously noted preference for U and C in the third position of codons for glycine, proline and alanine. One major difference between the human and the chicken prepro alpha 2(I) chain was that the human chain contained 21 fewer proline residues, an observation that probably explains why the triple helix of human type I procollagen unfolds at temperatures that are 1-2 degrees C lower. In parallel experiments, sequencing of intron-exon boundaries for nine exons of genomic subclones confirmed and extended previous observations that the pro alpha 2(I) gene, like other genes from fibrillar collagens, has an unusual 54-base pattern of exon sizes that is highly conserved through evolution.
Luminescence of organic and inorganic systems (1962)

Last October the Physics Department of New York University at Washington Square played host to about 300—shall we call them luminaries?—in the field of luminescence at a five-day international conference. It was the first time an attempt was made, on a large scale, to bring together researchers in the luminescence of organic systems and those investigating inorganic systems. As the chairman of the conference, Professor Hartmut P. Kallmann of NYU, one of the rare few who work in both fields, said: “I feel a little like a man who has two very good friends, but these two friends don't speak to one another.”
Ecology of Colors of Firefly Bioluminescence (1980)

Dark-active North American fireflies emit green bioluminescence and dusk-active species emit yellow, in general. Yellow light and yellow visual spectral sensitivity may be adaptations to increase the signal-to-noise (that is, foliage-reflected ambient light) ratio for sexual signaling during twilight. The peaks of the electroretinogram visual spectral sensitivities of four species tested, two dark- and two dusk-active, correspond with the peak of their bioluminescent emissions.
An efficient medical image tracking algorithm based on motion estimation (2009)

In an ideal radiotherapy procedure, the treatment system would continuously adapt the radiation beam delivery to changes in the tumor position. The development of such a medical image-guided tracking capability is necessary. In this paper, an efficient medical image tracking algorithm based on motion estimation is proposed. The algorithm uses the motion vectors obtained from a set of selected points to calculate the parameters of the tumor motion model. It comprises three steps: the detection of feature points, the computation of correspondences between two sets of features, and the motion parameter estimation. In detail, for a pair of temporally successive pictures, feature points are extracted with the Harris detector firstly. Then, the highest-confidence-first algorithm, which first groups features for which the SAD matching error of a small window around the feature is smallest, is used in the feature matching step. The feature position gains from prediction. At last, the RANSAC parameter estimation is applied. Four random samples that are exacted in the previous step are selected and a candidate motion model is computed from these samples. All input correspondences are compared with this motion model to separate them into an inlier set and the outliers. After this, refined motion parameters are computed with a least-squares approximation on all inliers. This whole process ensures that only the motion model that had the largest number of inliers is returned as result. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can be successfully provided with the medical image-guided tracking capability.
Tauramamide, a Lipopeptide Antibiotic Produced in Culture by <i>Brevibacillus laterosporus</i> Isolated from a Marine Habitat: Structure Elucidation and Synthesis (2007)

Tauramamide (1), a new lipopeptide antibiotic, is produced by cultures of the marine bacterial isolate Brevibacillus laterosporus PNG276 obtained from Papua New Guinea. Tauramamide was isolated as its methyl and ethyl esters 2 and 3, whose structures were elucidated by analysis of NMR, MS, and chemical degradation data. A total synthesis of tauramamide (1) and tauramamide ethyl ester (3) confirmed the structure proposed from spectroscopic analysis and provided the natural product for antimicrobial testing. Tauramamide (1) and ethyl ester 3 show potent and relatively selective inhibition of pathogenic Enterococcus sp.
Regulation risk - anticipating regulatory changes, a means of risk minimisation. (2000)

The title of this paper 'Regulation risk anticipating regulatory changes, means of risk minimisation' requires a consideration of a number of factors, namely: • What is meant by regulation risk? • What do we mean when we talk about regulatory changes? • How can anticipating those regulatory changes result in risk minimisation? Before considering these matters in more detail, we are going to focus on 2 statutes (Resource Management Act 1991 ('RMA') and the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 ('HASIE Act')) to illustrate: • How they impact on the forestry sector. • How anticipating changes to these statutes can result in risk minimisation.
The bacterial Tn9 chloramphenicol resistance gene : an attractive DNA segment for Mos1 mariner insertions. (2009)

International audience
Preoperative Twice-Weekly Paclitaxel With Concurrent Radiation Therapy Followed by Surgery and Postoperative Doxorubicin-Based Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: A Phase I/II Trial (2003)

Purpose: Preoperative chemotherapy is the conventional primary treatment in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We investigated the safety and efficacy of primary twice-weekly paclitaxel and concurrent radiation (RT) before modified radical mastectomy followed by adjuvant doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Stage IIB (T3N0) to III LABC patients were eligible. Primary chemoradiation consisted of paclitaxel, 30 mg/m 2 delivered intravenously for 1 hour twice weekly for a total of 8 to 10 weeks, and concurrent RT (45 Gy at 1.8 Gy/fraction). Modified radical mastectomy was performed at least 2 weeks after completion of chemoradiation or on recovery of skin toxicity. Postoperatively, patients who responded to paclitaxel and RT received four cycles of doxorubicin/paclitaxel, whereas patients who did not respond received doxorubicin/cytoxan. Results: Forty-four patients were accrued. Toxicity from paclitaxel/RT included grade 3 skin desquamation (7%), hypersensitivity (2%), and stomatitis (2%). Postsurgery complications occurred in six patients (14%). The only grade 4 toxicity of postmastectomy chemotherapy was hematologic (10%). Grade 3 toxicities were leukopenia (24%), infection (22%), peripheral neuropathy (17%), arthralgia and pain (17%), stomatitis (12%), fatigue (10%), esophagitis (5%), and nausea (2%). Overall clinical response rate to preoperative paclitaxel and RT was 91%. Thirty-four percent of patients achieved a pathologic response in the mastectomy specimen: 16% pathologic complete responses (clearance of invasive cancer in the breast and axillary contents) and 18% pathologic partial responses (< 10 residual microscopic foci of invasive breast cancer). Conclusion: Twice-weekly paclitaxel with concurrent RT is a feasible and effective primary treatment for LABC. Future studies should compare primary chemoradiation to chemotherapy in LABC.
3.5 inch 16 Mbyte floppy disk drive (1989)

The authors have developed a 3.5-in, 16-Mbyte, large-capacity, high-speed floppy disk drive (FDD). A novel embedded sector server technology with a learning-forward control and a double-loop multisampling system, as well as a microstepping motor with an optical encoder, were used to achieve high density of 542 tracks/in with an accurate trackability of +or-2.5 mu m and a high-speed average seek time of less than 50 msec as well as high vibration resistance. The authors describe the overall FDD system, the head positioning control system, and the control performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Studies on Thermal Degradation of Synthetic Polymers (Part 10) (1977)

Thermal gasification of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyisobutylene (PIB) was carried out under atmospheric pressure using the flow system of a fixed bed reactor. From an experimental equation, IF=Tθa, product yields were estimated, where IF is the intensity function (°C•seca), T is the reaction temperature (°C), θ is the residence time (sec), and a is a constant (-). The effect of the structure of polyolefin on the value of "a" was also discussed.The pyrolysts conditions used in this study were as follows: temperature, 500∼800°C; the residence time, 0.6∼7.1sec; and the dilution ratio of steam to polymer by weight, 0.6∼7.5.The operating factors were inferred to be reaction temperature and residence time. For a given product yield, these two factors were interchangeable. Equations for yielding methane were expressed as_follows: (PE): IF=Tθ0.04, (PP); IF=Tθ0.05, (PIB); IF=Tθ0.07.As IF was correlated to the product yield, the product yield could be predicted by some appropriate choice of pyrolysis conditions. The value of "a" of a polyolefin was correlated to the activation energy (ΔE) for thermal degradation and to temperature (T1/2) corresponding to 50% weight loss. These two parameters were determined from the TG curve.
Tapentadol (nucynta) for treatment of pain. (2012)

Tapentadol is a DEA schedule II opioid medication with a safety profile, duration of action, frequency of dosing, and analgesic effect similar to those of other oral narcotics, although it is more expensive. At low doses, immediate-release tapentadol is better tolerated than oxycodone in terms of gastrointestinal adverse effects, and in the long term, extended-release tapentadol is better tolerated than controlled-release oxycodone.
<title>Al203 etch-stop layer for a phase-shifting mask</title> (1991)

On a phase-shifting mask, an etch-stop layer is a good way to repair the phase-shifter's defects without causing any phase error. The authors propose using Al2O2 for the etch-stop layer. Al2O3 was deposited by oxygen ion-beam assisted evaporation. The evaporated Al2O3 film showed several properties which are indispensable for an etch-stop layer: the high transparency at i-line and KrF wavelengths, and an etching selectivity of 270 for a SiO2 phase-shifting film. The effects of an etch-stop layer on the optical properties of a phase-shifting mask were also studied.
Video DSP architecture for MPEG2 codec (2002)

We developed a DSP named VDSP2 (Video Digital Signal Processor version 2) for MPEG2 video coding and decoding. In order to obtain the necessary performance, we employed a 2-level parallel processing scheme consisting of a pipeline processing at the macro block level and a parallel vector processing using a SIMD configuration at the block level. In the VDSP2, we included a DSP core which execute 4 parallel vector operations and scalar operations, a DRAM controller, a DCT/IDCT circuit, a VLC/VLD circuit including a programmable controller and a data communication circuit. As a result, the real-time encoder specified in MPEG2 can be realized with two VDSP2 chips, and the decoder can be realized with one VDSP2 chip.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evolution of the vertebrate <i>Hox</i> homeobox genes (1992)

One of the most remarkable recent findings in developmental biology has been the colinear and homologous relationships shared between the Drosophila HOM-C and vertebrate Hox homeobox gene complexes. These relationships pose the question of the functional significance of colinearity and its molecular basis. While there was much initial resistance to the validity of this comparison, it now appears the Hox/HOM homology reflects a broad degree of evolutionary conservation which has reawakened interest in comparative embryology and evolution. The evolutionary conservation of protein motifs in many gene families (including those for growth factors, secreted and membrane bound signalling factors, adhesion molecules, cytoplasmic receptor kinases, nuclear receptors and transcription factors) has lead to speculation on the extent to which these homology relationships represent common developmental processes and underlying molecular mechanisms. Structural identifies in a protein may indicate the biochemical/molecular function that a protein plays in cellular and developmental processes, without reflecting a conserved role in a cascade of developmental events. However, the analysis of genes encoding transcription factors has provided evidence suggesting that there are gene complexes in arthropods and vertebrates which are true homologues and which may share common roles in the specification of regional identity along embryonic A-P axis. These genes comprise the Hox/HOM-C homeotic complexes. This review will detail some of the evidence for this proposed relationship and will speculate on the functional implications.
Sorbitol- and Other Sugar-induced Expressions of the NAD+-dependent Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Gene in Japanese Pear Fruit (2004)

The regulation of NAD + -dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase (NAD-SDH, EC 1.1.1.14) by sugar was investigated by using sliced tissues of japanese pear ( Pyrus serotina Nakai cv. Kousui) fruit in order to determine its role in the mechanism of sugar accumulation in fruit tissue. The results of the activities and steady-state levels of the protein and mRNA indicate that NAD-SDH in japanese pear fruit is among the sugar-inducible genes. By preincubating the sliced tissues for 16 hours in a medium without sugar, NAD-SDH activity declined and reached a stable level that was maintained for up to 40 hours. The washing procedure also reduced the sugar concentration in the apoplast and cytosol of the sliced tissues to low concentrations and enabled them to be manipulated by exogenous applications of carbohydrate solutions. Incubation of tissues in 50 or 100 m m sorbitol for 8 hours led to enhanced expression of the NAD-SDH gene as determined by increased mRNA and protein levels and enhanced enzyme activity. The presence of 100 m m glucose, sucrose, or mannitol also gave significant stimulation on the levels of activity, protein, and mRNA of NAD-SDH compared with those of control tissues bathed in media in which the osmotic potential had been adjusted to that of the sugar solutions by adding polyethylene glycol. However, fructose was ineffective in stimulating NAD-SDH activities and the level of the protein was not enhanced but the level of mRNA was increased. Therefore, it is suggested that NAD-SDH gene transcription is enhanced by each sugar investigated, and fructose appears to be unique as it also influences NAD-SDH at a post-transcriptional level.
Calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐1 (CGRP‐1) is a potent regulator of glycogen metabolism in rat skeletal muscle (1989)

We investigated the effects of CGRP on glucose metabolism in intact rat skeletal muscle preparations that are largely composed of either type I (soleus) or II fibres (e.g. extensor digitorum longus (EDL) or epitrochlearis muscles). CGRP-1 inhibited insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in both soleus and EDL muscle preparations. Rat CGRP-1 was a potent stimulator of glycogenolysis only in muscles composed of type II fibres, which depend on high rates of glycogenolysis to produce high power outputs. These results may provide the basis for understanding how CGRP regulate glycogenolysis in type II fibres in vivo.
On allocating redundancy links to improve robustness of complex communication network (2010)

To improve robustness for the complex network, this paper propose a novel probabilistic approach to allocate redundancy links based on nodal degree, i.e. preferential allocation, inverse preferential allocation, and hiding redundancy links (HRL) strategy. We find that allocating redundancy links can efficiently improve robustness of networks to tolerate the coordinated attack. Especially, I-I case, which both source node and destination node are chosen by inverse preferential allocation, performs the best. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of HRL strategy under the coordinated attack, and the simulation shows that HRL strategy can achieve the better performance than never. More interestingly, the relationship between threshold of crash and the number of redundancy links appears to achieve nonlinear by the HRL strategy. Therefore, a small fraction of redundancy links is highly contributed to improve the tolerance attack dramatically. This paper provides an insight on improving network robustness to tolerant the coordinated attack by allocating redundancy links.
Temporally graded retrograde amnesia following separate and combined lesions of the perirhinal cortex and fornix in the rat. (1996)

The involvement of the perirhinal cortex and the fornix in retrograde and anterograde amnesia in the rat was investigated in this experiment. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained on a series of five visual discrimination problems at distinct time intervals prior to receiving bilateral, electrolytic lesions of the perirhinal cortex or the fornix, combined lesions of both these structures, or sham operations. Following recovery from surgery, rats were retested on the preoperatively learned discrimination problems, as well as learning a new discrimination and discrimination reversal. Results indicated that all animals with lesions exhibited temporally graded retrograde amnesia, whereby memories acquired in the recent past (1-3 weeks) were impaired, and memories acquired in the remote past (6-8 weeks) were spared. There was no difference in the magnitude of retrograde amnesia between the three lesion groups. Animals in the perirhinal, fornix, and combined lesion groups were able to learn a new discrimination problem at a rate comparable to control rats; however, the animals with lesions were impaired at learning the discrimination reversal. The perirhinal, fornix, and combined lesion animals also exhibited a significantly faster forgetting rate over a 2-week retention interval than control rats. These results suggest that medial temporal structures including the perirhinal cortex and the fornix are involved in the consolidation of mnemonic information and that their involvement in this process occurs over a discrete period of time.
Oxidation of enolates by dibenzyl peroxydicarbonate to carbonates of .alpha.-hydroxy carbonyl compounds (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of enolates by dibenzyl peroxydicarbonate to carbonates of .alpha.-hydroxy carbonyl compoundsMakarand P. Gore and John C. VederasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 19, 3700–3704Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00369a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00369a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views598Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Stability of luminescence decay parameters in oxygen sensitive polymer films doped with Pd-porphyrins</title> (2005)

An essential factor for the creation of oxygen sensors based on luminescence quenching is the long-term stability of the parameters determining the luminescence decay. In the present work, the effects of material aging and photobleaching on decay parameters are studied for Pd-tetraphenylporphyrin and Pd-pentafluoro-tetraphenylporphyrin molecules embedded into different polymer films. In polymethylmethacrylate host the decay was well described by stretched exponent function. During annealing of PMMA films at different temperatures between 20 and 70 °C during 9 months a logarithmic decrease of the material sensitivity occurred due to the physical aging of the polymer. The photostability studies of PMMA films showed an opposite effect: the photobleaching was accompanied by a decrease in natural decay time, whereas the oxygen sensitivity remained practically constant. Luminescence quenching in polystyrene and polycarbonate films had different character as compared to PMMA, and was interpreted with a two-site model, combined with a nonlinear gas transport model. In these polymer hosts the oxygen sensitivity increased during the first stage of aging, which was ascribed to the changes in the Langmuir component of gas transport, i.e., to the evaluation of microvoids in these glassy polymers.
IPv6 Segment Routing Header (SRH) (2020)

Segment Routing can be applied to the IPv6 data plane using a new type
of Routing Extension Header. This document describes the Segment
Routing Extension Header and how it is used by Segment Routing capable
nodes.
Fragrant Sesquiterpene Ketones as Trace Constituents in Frankincense Volatile Oil of <i>Boswellia sacra</i> (2016)

In a previous study, two highly potent yet unidentified odorants were detected that were present at trace levels in the volatile fraction of Boswellia sacra gum resin. These two compounds were isolated semipreparatively from the volatile oil by a sensory-guided fractionation process involving microscale bulb-to-bulb distillation, countercurrent chromatography, and preparative gas chromatography. In this manner, the two oxygenated sesquiterpenes could be identified as rotundone (1) and mustakone (2). Compound 2 is described for the first time as a potent odorant with a very low odor threshold.