gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The formal execution semantics of SpecC (2002)

We present a rigorous but transparent semantics definition of the SpecC language that covers the execution of SpecC behaviors and their interaction with the kernel process. The semantics include <tt>wait</tt>, <tt>waitfor</tt>, <tt>par</tt>, and <tt>try</tt> statements as they are introduced in SpecC. We present our definition in form of distributed Abstract State Machine (ASM) rules strictly following the lines of the SpecC Language Reference Manual [4]. We mainly see our formal semantics in three application areas. First, it is a concise, unambiguous description for documentation and standardization. Second, it applies as a high--level, pseudo code--oriented specification for the implementation of a SpecC simulator. Finally, it is a first step for SpecC synthesis in order to identify similar concepts with other languages like VHDL and SystemC for the definition of common patterns and language subsets.
Poster: A Pilot Study On Camera-based Neurological Deficit Detection (2020)

The BANDIT - Brain Attack Neurological Deficit Identification Tool - project aims at developing an automatic tool to quantitatively assess stroke-related neurological deficits such as facial weakness and limb drift. In this paper, we first introduce the BANDIT project by describing the main framework and then present a patient video data acquisition protocol that was conducted in a real-world hospital setting. We also discuss the inherent bias and variations within our dataset that may create challenges for the algorithm design. The experiences and lessons gained from our study could be beneficial for other researchers who conduct camera-based research in the connected health area.
Hermetic passivation of chip-on-board circuits (2002)

Results of a screening study and evaluation of silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, and a combination of the two as passivation for integrated circuit assemblies are presented. Screening test samples consisted of silicon wafers coated with various combinations of aluminum and spun-on polyimide. A series of chemical, mechanical, and environmental tests was carried out. The passivation coatings were applied by four different vendors using CVD (chemical vapor deposition), plasma-enhanced CVD, and room-temperature reactive plasma. The most promising material was then applied to a variety of more complex samples, including triple track resistor assemblies, and active integrated circuits which were electrically tested to evaluate results. Silicon nitride at a nominal thickness of 5000 AA applied by the room-temperature reactive plasma process was judged to be the best passivation material.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improve dog recognition by mining more information from both click-through logs and pre-trained models (2016)

Dog breeds recognition is a typical task of fine-grained image classification, which requires both more training images to describe each dog breed and better models to automatically discriminate different dog breeds. In this paper, we use click-through logs as source data and pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) as initial model to build our dog recognizer. To improve recognition accuracy, we propose to mine more useful information from both data and model. Mining more information from data is achieved by mining more images for each dog breed which is achieved through automatically finding more dog-related words, while more information from pre-trained DCNNs is mined by keeping related neurons in last layer which are usually ignored in previous methods. Extensive offline experiments show consistent improvement of the proposed method. We also participate “MSR Image Recognition Challenge (IRC) @ ICME2016” under the setting of not using external data for online evaluation, our method achieves the second place comparing all methods from both tracks using and not using external data, and wins methods also not using external data by a large margin (i.e., 86.90% vs 71.35% measured in top-5 accuracy).
Highly-efficient high-power pulsed CO<sub>2</sub> laser characterized by transverse-flow laser amplifiers (2014)

In this paper, we provide a detailed review of development of a highly-efficient high-power nanosecond pulse CO<sub>2</sub> laser using transverse-flow radio-frequency (RF)-exited laser amplifiers, which is for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source of a next generation of nano-lithography. High-density excited high-power transverse-flow CO<sub>2</sub> lasers were designed and built for the application of laser produced plasma (LPP) EUV source. We carried out an amplification test of the transverse-flow CO<sub>2</sub> laser seeded by a nanosecond pulse CO<sub>2</sub> laser. A four-amplifier system generated an average output power of 21 kW with an electrical input power of 400 kW for discharges. The electrical-to-optical efficiency was 5.2%. The input pulse laser had an average power of 46 W, the repetition rate was 100 kHz, and the pulse duration was 15 ns. The transverse-flow CO<sub>2</sub> laser has strong points in high gain and availability of the multi-fold optical path. A highly-efficient amplification was experimentally proved characterized by transverse-flow CO<sub>2</sub> laser amplifiers even with low-power seed. A transverse-flow CO<sub>2</sub> laser is a promising candidate for an amplifier in the LPP EUV light source.
Dose-Dependent Differential Regulation of Cytokine Secretion from Macrophages by Fractalkine (2007)

Although expression of the fractalkine (CX3CL1, FKN) is enhanced in inflamed tissues, it is detected at steady state in various organs such as the intestine, and its receptor CX3CR1 is highly expressed in resident-type dendritic cells and macrophages. We hypothesized that FKN might regulate the inflammatory responses of these cells. Therefore, murine macrophages were pretreated with FKN and then stimulated with LPS. We found that macrophages pretreated with 0.03 nM FKN but not with 3 nM FKN secreted 50% less TNF-alpha than did cells treated with LPS alone. Cells treated with 0.03 nM FKN and LPS also showed reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and reduced NF-kappaB p50 subunit. Interestingly, the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB was translocated to the nuclei but redistributed to the cytoplasm in the early phase by forming a complex with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Exogenous 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2, a natural ligand for PPAR-gamma, also induced redistribution of p65 with decreased TNF-alpha secretion after LPS challenge. Pretreatment with 0.03 nM but not 3 nM FKN increased the cellular levels of 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 as well as mRNA of PPAR-gamma. Requirement of PPAR-gamma for the effect of 0.03 nM FKN was confirmed by small interfering RNA of PPAR-gamma. In contrast, pretreatment with 3 nM FKN induced higher levels of IL-23 compared with cells pretreated with 0.03 nM FKN and produced TNF-alpha in a CX3CR1-dependent manner. These dose-dependent differential effects of FKN establish its novel role in immune homeostasis and inflammation.
Ultra-Thin Flexible Electronics with the Enhancement Inverter Based-on Pentacene Thin Film Transistor (2016)

Thin film technology is advancing the research on fully flexible system for new applications in various fields, such as electronics, sensors and energy harvesting. In particular, thin film transistor (TFT) based flexible circuits have been studied for diagnostic devices, solar-cells, and flexible display. Although many companies and research groups have presented semi-flexible devices; a fully flexible system has not shown the sufficient result in terms of mechanical and electrical performance. Recently, inorganic-organic hybrid type TFTs have been developed and it shows the useful performance. However, the devices show limited performance at extremely small bending radius (< 1mm). In order to overcome the limitations, many researchers have suggested various solutions such as new materials of high mechanical strength, neutral strain position fabrication and ultra-thin substrates. Among these solutions, ultra-thin substrate is promising in the field of smart-skin, implantable device and patch-type biosensor. Depending on the decreasing substrate thickness, the strain strength also decreases dramatically. In this study, we demonstrate a nm-level ultra-thin device based on pentacene TFT, using de-bonding-technology. For de-bonding, a double layer of PVA and PAA based water soluble release layer was spin coated on the glass substrate. Subsequently, we coated the buffer layer on the release layer. The Al as gate electrode was deposited on the buffer layer by thermal evaporation. PMMA was then spin-coated and baked at 100 °C for 30 min. The pentacene and gold layer was deposited using thermal evaporation. CYTOP material was used for the passivation of the device. Finally, the device was de-bonded in double deionized water followed by curing at 75 °C for 30 min. Based on this process, we fabricated the nm-level thick TFT and enhancement inverter. After de-bonding process, the nm-level ultra-thin device showed good performance compared with the initial device before de-bonding.
Changing Infants' Sleep Position Increases Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (1999)

Infants placed supine to sleep were at the lowest risk of SIDS, which supports the recommendation that this is the preferred sleeping position for healthy infants. In New Zealand, 20% of SIDS deaths involved lack of experience with the prone sleeping position. Our findings suggest the possibility that an infant's competence in escaping from potentially lethal situations during prone sleep (eg, the face-down position) may be impaired by inexperience in prone sleeping. Great caution should be exercised in placing infants unaccustomed to the prone sleeping position in the prone position.
Involvement of nitric oxide in itch-scratch response of NC mice (1999)

NC mice, a model for atopic dermatitis, showed scratching behavior when kept under conventional environment. The scratching behavior of NC mice was suppressed by distraction or by the administration of naltrexone (1 mg/kg, s.c.), an opioid antagonist. These results suggest that such scratching behavior is itch-associated response. The itch-associated response of the NC mice was significantly suppressed by an intravenous injection of nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg), but not D-NAME (10 mg/kg) and saline. Intracutaneous NO production in the rostral back, a region which the NC mice mainly scratched, was markedly increased as compared with the caudal back, a non-scratched region. The increased NO production in the rostral back of NC mice was decreased by the intravenous injection of L-NAME (10 mg/kg). These results suggest that NO and NO synthase are new target in the treatment of atopic pruritus.
Leveraging Contextual Sentences for Text Classification by Using a Neural Attention Model (2019)

We explored several approaches to incorporate context information in the deep learning framework for text classification, including designing different attention mechanisms based on different neural network and extracting some additional features from text by traditional methods as the part of representation. We propose two kinds of classification algorithms: one is based on convolutional neural network fusing context information and the other is based on bidirectional long and short time memory network. We integrate the context information into the final feature representation by designing attention structures at sentence level and word level, which increases the diversity of feature information. Our experimental results on two datasets validate the advantages of the two models in terms of time efficiency and accuracy compared to the different models with fundamental AM architectures.
Azetidinone antibiotics. 17. A rearrangement of penicillin sulfoxides to 3-methylenecephams via sulfinyl intermediates (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAzetidinone antibiotics. 17. A rearrangement of penicillin sulfoxides to 3-methylenecephams via sulfinyl intermediatesStjepan Kukolja, Steven R. Lammert, Michael R. B. Gleissner, and Alvin I. EllisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 16, 5040–5041Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00432a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00432a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and Synthesis of Novel α<sub>1</sub><sub>a</sub> Adrenoceptor-Selective Antagonists. 2. Approaches To Eliminate Opioid Agonist Metabolites via Modification of Linker and 4-Methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine Moiety (1999)

We have previously described compound 1a as a high-affinity subtype selective alpha(1a) antagonist. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of compound 1a showed its major metabolite to be a mu-opioid agonist, 4-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine (3). Several dihydropyrimidinone analogues were synthesized with the goal of either minimizing the formation of 3 by modification of the linker or finding alternative piperidine moieties which when cleaved as a consequence of metabolism would not give rise to mu-opioid activity. Modification of the linker gave several compounds with good alpha(1a) binding affinity (K(i) = < 1 nM) and selectivity (>300-fold over alpha(1b) and alpha(1d)). In vitro analysis in the microsomal assay revealed these modifications did not significantly affect N-dealkylation and the formation of the piperidine 3. The second approach, however, yielded several piperidine replacements for 3, which did not show significant mu-opioid activity. Several of these compounds maintained good affinity at the alpha(1a) adrenoceptor and selectivity over alpha(1b) and alpha(1d). For example, the piperidine fragments of (+)-73 and (+)-83, viz. 4-cyano-4-phenylpiperidine and 4-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine, were essentially inactive at the mu-opioid receptor (IC(50) > 30 microM vs 3 microM for 3). Compounds (+)-73 and (+)-83 were subjected to detailed in vitro and in vivo characterization. Both these compounds, in addition to their excellent selectivity (>880-fold) over alpha(1b) and alpha(1d), also showed good selectivity over several other recombinant human G-protein coupled receptors. Compounds (+)-73 and (+)-83 showed good functional potency in isolated human prostate tissues, with K(b)s comparable to their in vitro alpha(1a) binding data. In addition, compound (+)-73 also exhibited good uroselectivity (DBP K(b)/IUP K(b) > 20-fold) in the in vivo experiments in dogs, similar to 1a.
Memory System Design for a Multi-core Processor (2008)

Multi-core processor has become hot research area recently. Cache results in high cost to maintain consistency between different data copies in multi-core processor especially in many-core processor. A hybrid memory architecture is proposed for the specific multi-core processor which uses cache for instruction while local storage for data. This paper focuses on the design and optimization of the proposed memory architecture. L1 instruction cache, local data storage, DMA engine, L2 cache and MMU is designed and optimized. L2 cache replacement strategy is studied to reduce the total miss cost.
Growth Promoting Effect of Chicken Egg Yolk Lipoproteins on Human Lymphocytic Cell Lines. (1994)

鶏卵黄リポタンパク質(Yolk lipoprotein, YLP)の,単球系細胞株U-937, THP-1, U-M細胞および3種のハイブリドーマ細胞に対する増殖促進効果を調べた.その結果,いずれの細胞についてもYLPは増殖促進効果を示した.YLPを超遠心分離によって分画し,比重の小さいほうからYS-1, YS-2, YS-3, YS-4の4画分を得た.YS-1の主成分はLDLで,わずかに他の蛋白質成分が含まれていた.また,脂質成分が乾燥重量の約80%を占めていた.YS-2, YS-3はリベチンを主成分とし,脂質はほとんど含まれていなかった.YS-1は強い細胞増殖促進活性を持ち,YLPよりも低濃度で増殖効果が見られた.YS-2, YS-3には細胞増殖効果はほとんど見られず,YLPの細胞増殖作用はYS-1に含まれるLDLによると結論した.
Making Effective Screencast Videos with Camtasia to Support Hybrid Courses (2018)

This work describes the uses of Camtasia’s features to enable the effective creation of screencast videos for hybrid courses.
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of novel glucokinase activator HMS5552: results from a first-in-human single ascending dose study (2016)

This first-in-human single ascending dose study provided predicted PK of HMS5552 with dose-proportional increases in AUC0-t and Cmax, as well as dose-related glucose-lowering effects over the range of 5-50 mg in healthy subjects. HMS5552 at doses up to 50 mg in healthy subjects was safe and well-tolerated.
Reactive oxygen species and caspase activation mediate silica-induced apoptosis in alveolar macrophages (2001)

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the principal target cells of silica and occupy a key position in the pathogenesis of silica-related diseases. Silica has been found to induce apoptosis in AMs, whereas its underlying mechanisms involving the initiation and execution of apoptosis are largely unknown. The main objective of the present study was to examine the form of cell death caused by silica and the mechanisms involved. Silica-induced apoptosis in AMs was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay and cell cycle/DNA content analysis. The elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in silica-treated AMs were also determined. The results showed that there was a temporal pattern of apoptotic events in silica-treated AMs, starting with ROS formation and followed by caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation. Silica-induced apoptosis was significantly attenuated by a caspase-3 inhibitor, N-acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp aldehyde, and ebselen, a potent antioxidant. These findings suggest that apoptosis is an important form of cell death caused by silica exposure in which the elevated ROS level that results from silica exposure may act as an initiator, leading to caspase activation and PARP cleavage to execute the apoptotic process.
The Chemistry of 1,1,1-Trifluoropropanone. II.<sup>1</sup> The Reactions of 4-Methyl-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-3-penten-2-one with Methylmagnesium Iodide<sup>2,3</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of 1,1,1-Trifluoropropanone. II.1 The Reactions of 4-Methyl-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-3-penten-2-one with Methylmagnesium Iodide2,3E. T. McBee, D. H. Campbell, R. J. Kennedy, and C. W. RobertsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 18, 4597–4598Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01599a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01599a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantification of Organic Acids in Fermented Shrimp Waste by HPLC (2008)

This work describes a simple, rapid, and reliable HPLC method for the determination of organic acids in fermented shrimp waste. Lactic, acetic and citric acids were quantified by HPLC with UV detection, on a 250×4.6 mm Extrasil ODS 5-μm column, mobile phase was ultrapure water adjusted with metaphosphoric acid to pH=2.1, flow rate 0.6 mL/min, column temperature 30 °C, and detection wavelength 210 nm. Under these conditions, the recovery (97.5 %) and the method repeatability (RSD=6.2 %) for lactic acid were of satisfying quality. Organic acids can preserve the quality and nutritive value of fermented shrimp waste.
[Transcriptional regulatory properties of DNA sequence upstream of the human ezrin gene promoter in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells]. (2012)

In CNE2 cells, the DNA sequence upstream of the ezrin promoter could exhibit transcriptional activation and enhancement, in a position- and orientation-dependent manner.
Hormonal and reproductive factors and risk of glioma: A prospective cohort study (2005)

The etiology of glioma, the most commonly diagnosed malignant brain tumor among adults in the United States, is poorly understood. Given the lower incidence rate of glioma in women than in men, it has been hypothesized that reproductive and hormonal factors may be involved in the etiology of glioma. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the National Breast Screening Study, which included 89,835 Canadian women, aged 40-59 years at recruitment between 1980 and 1985. Linkages to national cancer and mortality databases yielded data on cancer incidence and deaths from all causes, respectively, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between hormonal and reproductive factors and risk of glioma. During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 120 incident glioma cases. Compared with women with a relatively early age at menarche (< or =12 years), women who were 13-14 years of age at menarche had a 64% increased risk of glioma (95% CI = 1.01-2.65), and women who were older than 14 years of age at menarche had a 66% increased risk of glioma (95% CI = 0.86-3.20, p(trend) = 0.06). Age at first live birth, parity, menopausal status, use of oral contraceptive and use of hormone replacement therapy were not associated with altered glioma risk in our study population. Additional prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.