gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced Thermal Energy Storage Technology for Parabolic Trough (2004)

The availability of storage capacity plays an important role for the economic success of solar thermal power plants. For today’s parabolic trough power plants, sensible heat storage systems with operation temperatures between 300°C and 390°C can be used. A solid media sensible heat storage system is developed and will be tested in a parabolic trough test loop at PSA, Spain. A simulation tool for the analysis of the transient performance of solid media sensible heat storage systems has been implemented. The computed results show the influence of various parameters describing the storage system. While the effects of the storage material properties are limited, the selected geometry of the storage system is important. The evaluation of a storage system demands the analysis of the complete power plant and not only of the storage unit. Then the capacity of the system is defined by the electric work produced by the power plant during a discharge process of the storage unit. The choice of the operation strategy for the storage system proves to be essential for the economic optimization.
What Happens to Hemostatic Agents in Contact with Urine? An <i>in Vitro</i> Study (2005)

Fibrin glue and oxidized regenerated cellulose maintain a solid form when initially placed in direct contact with urine and then assume a semisolid gelatinous state, which is still present at 5 days. Polyethylene glycol forms a solid clot initially and does not change after 5 days. Only hemostatic gelatin matrix remained as a fine particulate suspension in both normal and sanguineous urine. The implications of these findings with regard to sealing the renal parenchyma or small violations of the collecting system after percutaneous or laparoscopic surgery await in-vivo testing.
Bacillus subtilis σ <sup>V</sup> Confers Lysozyme Resistance by Activation of Two Cell Wall Modification Pathways, Peptidoglycan O-Acetylation and <scp>d</scp> -Alanylation of Teichoic Acids (2011)

The seven extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma (σ) factors of Bacillus subtilis are broadly implicated in resistance to antibiotics and other cell envelope stressors mediated, in part, by regulation of cell envelope synthesis and modification enzymes. We here define the regulon of σ(V) as including at least 20 operons, many of which are also regulated by σ(M), σ(X), or σ(W). The σ(V) regulon is strongly and specifically induced by lysozyme, and this induction is key to the intrinsic resistance of B. subtilis to lysozyme. Strains with null mutations in either sigV or all seven ECF σ factor genes (Δ7ECF) have essentially equal increases in sensitivity to lysozyme. Induction of σ(V) in the Δ7ECF background restores lysozyme resistance, whereas induction of σ(M), σ(X), or σ(W) does not. Lysozyme resistance results from the ability of σ(V) to activate the transcription of two operons: the autoregulated sigV-rsiV-oatA-yrhK operon and dltABCDE. Genetic analyses reveal that oatA and dlt are largely redundant with respect to lysozyme sensitivity: single mutants are not affected in lysozyme sensitivity, whereas an oatA dltA double mutant is as sensitive as a sigV null strain. Moreover, the sigV oatA dltA triple mutant is no more sensitive than the oatA dltA double mutant, indicating that there are no other σ(V)-dependent genes necessary for lysozyme resistance. Thus, we suggest that σ(V) confers lysozyme resistance by the activation of two cell wall modification pathways: O-acetylation of peptidoglycan catalyzed by OatA and D-alanylation of teichoic acids by DltABCDE.
Functional and morphologic properties of a modified mesh for inguinal hernia repair (2002)

Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed operations. Next to conventional techniques, open and laparoscopic tension-free methods using mesh implants to reinforce the abdominal wall are increasingly carried out, even becoming the standard procedure in many countries. Because of the benefits of material-reduced meshes for incisional hernia repair, a new mesh modification for tension-free inguinal hernia repair has been developed. In the present study this new low-weight mesh (Vypro II) made of polypropylene and polyglactin multifilaments was compared to a common heavy-weight polypropylene mesh (Prolene) regarding their functional consequences and the morphologic tissue response. After implantation in rats as an inlay, abdominal wall mobility was recorded by three-dimensional photogrammetry and the tensile strength of the suture zone and the mesh itself was measured at 3, 21, and 90 days. Explanted tissue samples have been investigated for their histologic reaction in regard to the inflammatory infiltrate, vascularization, and connective and fat tissue ingrowth. Numbers of granulocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and foreign giant body cells have been evaluated to reflect the quality of the tissue response. The cellular response was assessed by measuring DNA strand breaks and apoptosis (TUNEL), proliferation (Ki67), and cell stress (HSP70). The results indicated that restriction of abdominal wall mobility was significantly reduced with Vypro II compared to that seen with heavy-weight mesh modification, and the inflammatory reaction and connective tissue formation were markedly diminished. Apoptosis and cell proliferation showed considerably lowered levels, and expression of cytoprotective HSP70 was significantly increased. The present study thus confirms the benefits of material-reduced mesh modifications. The new low-weight mesh (Vypro II) could be advantageous in inguinal hernia repair.
Coordinate Roles of Insulin and Glucose on the Growth of Hepatoma Cells in Culture<sup>*</sup> (1986)

The growth-promoting effect of insulin on cells in culture is well established. In addition, most cells need glucose for growth, although hepatic cells, which have an active gluconeogenic pathway, can survive in glucose-free medium. Since insulin can inhibit gluconeogenesis, we have studied the effect of insulin on the growth of a well differentiated hepatoma cell line (Fao) in glucose-containing and glucose-free medium. In the presence of glucose, Fao cells had a doubling time of 26 h, and insulin stimulated cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner. Half-maximal stimulation occurred at physiological concentrations (3 × 10−11m), and a maximal effect was observed at 10−8m, with a 9-fold increase in total cell number after 6-14 days. In contrast, when glucose was omitted from the culture medium, the hepatoma cells grew slower (doubling time, 38 h), and insulin inhibited cell growth by up to 80%. The doseresponse curve for inhibition was similar to that for stimulation. Inhibition of growth correlated with the ability of insulin to inhibit gluconeogenesis, as measured by release of glucose into the culture medium. The inhibition of growth was partially reversed by the addition of oxaloacetate (2 mm) and dihydrolyacetone (1 mm) to the culture medium. Although these substrates increased glucose production/release in the absence of insulin, they did not increase release in the presence of insulin, suggesting that the effect of insulin to inhibit growth in glucoefree medium may be mediated by mechanisms at least partially independent of its effect on gluconeogenesis. In summary, insulin has dramatic but opposing effects on hepatic cell growth in the absence and presence of glucose. Thus, insulin and glucose appear to act coordinately to regulate the growth of hepatic cells. (Endocrinology118: 2519–2524, 1986)
[Integrative medical strategy for treatment of senile lung cancer]. (2008)

Senile lung cancer has its own characteristics, thus its treatment is also particular. Viewing from the therapeutic angle of integrative medicine, the current status of research and application of various clinical treatment strategies and measures for senile lung cancer were preliminarily reviewed in this paper in items of surgical operation, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular target drugs therapy and Chinese medical therapy.
Defective IL10 Signaling Defining a Subgroup of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2011)

Impaired IL10 signaling characterizes a subgroup of IBD patients, whereas the majority of children with severe IBD including EO forms normally produces and responds to IL10. Defective IL22 signaling may additionally impair intestinal epithelial clearance. Our data point out the complexity of IBD, which represent a group of distinct diseases with several pathogenetic abnormalities.
Elimination of Defective α-Factor Pheromone Receptors (1997)

This report compares trafficking routes of a plasma membrane protein that was misfolded either during its synthesis or after it had reached the cell surface. A temperature-sensitive mutant form of the yeast alpha-factor pheromone receptor (ste2-3) was found to provide a model substrate for quality control of plasma membrane proteins. We show for the first time that a misfolded membrane protein is recognized at the cell surface and rapidly removed. When the ste2-3 mutant cells were cultured continuously at 34 degrees C, the mutant receptor protein (Ste2-3p) failed to accumulate at the plasma membrane and was degraded with a half-life of 4 min, compared with a half-life of 33 min for wild-type receptor protein (Ste2p). Degradation of both Ste2-3p and Ste2p required the vacuolar proteolytic activities controlled by the PEP4 gene. At 34 degrees C, Ste2-3p comigrated with glycosylated Ste2p on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating that Ste2-3p enters the secretory pathway. Degradation of Ste2-3p did not require delivery to the plasma membrane as the sec1 mutation failed to block rapid turnover. Truncation of the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the mutant receptors did not permit accumulation at the plasma membrane; thus, the endocytic signals contained in this domain are unnecessary for intracellular retention. In the pep4 mutant, Ste2-3p accumulated as series of high-molecular-weight species, suggesting a potential role for ubiquitin in the elimination process. When ste2-3 mutant cells were cultured continuously at 22 degrees C, Ste2-3p accumulated in the plasma membrane. When the 22 degrees C culture was shifted to 34 degrees C, Ste2-3p was removed from the plasma membrane and degraded by a PEP4-dependent mechanism with a 24-min half-life; the wild-type Ste2p displayed a 72-min half-life. Thus, structural defects in Ste2-3p synthesized at 34 degrees C are recognized in transit to the plasma membrane, leading to rapid degradation, and Ste2-3p that is preassembled at the plasma membrane is also removed and degraded following a shift to 34 degrees C.
Two-Dimensional Ablation, Thermal Response, and Sizing Program for Pyrolyzing Ablators (2008)

The purpose of this paper is to describe and demonstrate new capabilities in the two-dimensional implicit thermal response and ablation program. These expanded capabilities include grid options for flight and arcjet geometries, a sizing algorithm for the flight-type geometry, and an orthotropic thermal conductivity model. Applications to analysis of an orthotropic low-density carbon-phenolic material in arcjet and flight environments relevant to the Orion crew module are presented. For the arcjet environment, multidimensional conduction effects strongly influence the in-depth thermal response. For a lunar return flight environment, in the shoulder region of the crew module (where the radius of curvature is smallest), the thermal response is influenced by multidimensional conduction and by the orientation of the orthotropic material.
A Study on Development of an Optimal Subway Routing (1996)

Subway, which is together with bus the main part of public transportation modes in the city, is reviewed for the development of an optimal subway routing. The location, route and stations of existing subway are often, in some degree, determined on the basis of political motive rather than scientific and reasonable background, resulting in a subway system of ad hoc manner. Assuming the section-wide total demand and considering construction, operating and opportunity cost of subway users, the development of a model for deciding optimal route, location of stations and operating frequency of subway and their solutions under system optimal are suggested. With the determined stations, and considering user demand distribution, optimal spacing strategies are suggested. The model developed in this paper is useful in the case of extension and opening of subway and urban express bus route and new transportation systems.
Modulation of Nuclear Receptor Interactions by Ligands:  Kinetic Analysis Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (1996)

Many nuclear hormone receptors, including the human 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR), bind cooperatively to DNA as either homodimers or heterodimers with the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor (RXR). Protein-protein interactions mediated by residues within both the DNA- and ligand-binding domains contribute to this binding. We have previously reported that the ligands for VDR and RXR can modulate the affinity of the receptors' interaction with DNA [Cheskis, B., & Freedman, L. P. (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 3329-3338]. To examine this in more detail, we report here the use of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to characterize the kinetics of both protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions by VDR and RXR in the presence and absence of their cognate ligands. We find that 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 binding favors both VDR-RXR heterodimerization and, as a result, DNA binding by the complex. Conversely, the ligand reduces VDR homodimerization in solution and the affinity of VDR-DNA interaction. 9-cis-Retinoic acid attenuates the stimulating effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 by decreasing the rate of VDR-RXR heterodimer formation and simultaneously by increasing the affinity of RXR homodimerization. Thus, using SPR, we have shown that a major role for such ligands is to regulate nuclear receptor dimerization both in solution and on DNA. The ligands appear to do so dynamically, modulating the overall affinity of these complexes. This mechanism therefore creates a fast and sensitive way to regulate DNA binding in response to changes in ligand concentration.
Peptide-Mediated Targeting of the Islets of Langerhans (2005)

Strategies for restoring beta-cell function in diabetic patients would be greatly aided by the ability to target genes, proteins, or small molecules specifically to these cells. Furthermore, the ability to direct imaging agents specifically to beta-cells would facilitate diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. To isolate ligands that can home to beta-cells in vivo, we have panned a random phage-displayed 20-mer peptide library on freshly isolated rat islets. We have isolated two 20-mer peptides that bind to islets ex vivo. One of these peptides preferentially homes to the islets of Langerhans in a normal rat with clear differentiation between the endocrine and exocrine cells of the pancreas. Furthermore, this peptide does not target beta-cells in a type 2 diabetes animal model, suggesting that the peptide can discriminate between glucose-stimulated insulin secretion-functional and -dysfunctional beta-cells.
The Potential Role of Topically Applied Heparan Sulfate in the Treatment of Photodamage. (2015)

Heparan sulfate is an essential glycosaminoglycan that plays important roles in development, homeostasis, and disease. As a group, the glycosaminoglycans provide mechanical strength to skin, as they can absorb water and occupy the space between elastin fibers and collagen. Heparan sulfate is also a key participant in cell proliferation, cell migration, collagen fiber formation, basement membrane regeneration, granulation tissue formation, and cell adhesion associated with wound healing. A variety of dermatological disorders are associated with changes in glycosaminoglycans or their associated proteoglycans. A new topical formulation of low molecular weight heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan has been shown to penetrate the epidermis, basement membrane, and dermis within 24 hours of application. In an 8-week study, 15 patients using this new formulation showed improvement in skin hydration, skin firmness, skin elasticity, skin barrier function, and global fine lines and wrinkles. Incorporating low molecular weight heparan sulfate into topically applied formulations may represent a new approach to improving the appearance of photodamaged skin.
RECENT PROGRESS IN THE SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF SUBSTITUTED PIPERIDINES. A REVIEW (1992)

(1992). RECENT PROGRESS IN THE SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF SUBSTITUTED PIPERIDINES. A REVIEW. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 583-621.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles on a Diamond Surface. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A nuclear magnetic resonance study of .sigma.-cyclopentadienyl(triethylphosphine)copper(I) (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA nuclear magnetic resonance study of .sigma.-cyclopentadienyl(triethylphosphine)copper(I)George M. Whitesides and John S. FlemingCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 12, 2855–2859Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00988a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00988a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Quantitative Analysis in Environmental and Life Sciences: A Review of Challenges, Solutions, and Trends (2012)

This focal point review provides an overview of recent developments and capabilities of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) coupled with different separation techniques for applications in the fields of quantitative environmental and bio-analysis. Over the past years numerous technical improvements, which are highlighted in this review, have helped to promote the evolution of ICP-MS to one of the most versatile tools for elemental quantification. In particular, the benefits and possibilities of using state-of-the-art hyphenated ICP-MS approaches for quantitative analysis are demonstrated with a focus on environmental and bio-analytical applications.
A Dynamic RRT Path Planning Algorithm Based on B-Spline (2009)

For the application of ALV (automatic land vehicle) running in a dynamic environment, an improved dynamic RRT (rapidly exploring random trees) path planning algorithm is proposed. The algorithm combines the noholonomic constraints of the vehicle with double extend RRTs, and the three order B-spline basic functions are used to approach and create a new smooth route which suits for the vehicle to follow. The algorithm not only improves the efficiency of searching but also guarantees the feasibility of the path at the same time. Based on the idea of rolling optimization, the algorithm is improved for real-time path planning in a dynamic environment. The simulation outcomes and field tests verify the effectiveness of the method proposed.
Deep Cross-Modal Hashing (2017)

Due to its low storage cost and fast query speed, cross-modal hashing (CMH) has been widely used for similarity search in multimedia retrieval applications. However, most existing CMH methods are based on hand-crafted features which might not be optimally compatible with the hash-code learning procedure. As a result, existing CMH methods with hand-crafted features may not achieve satisfactory performance. In this paper, we propose a novel CMH method, called deep cross-modal hashing (DCMH), by integrating feature learning and hash-code learning intothe same framework. DCMH is an end-to-end learning framework with deep neural networks, one for each modality, to perform feature learning from scratch. Experiments on three real datasets with image-text modalities show that DCMH can outperform other baselines to achieve the state-of-the-art performance in cross-modal retrieval applications.
Microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: different mutator phenotypes and the principal involvement of hMLH1. (1998)

Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of microsatellite instability (MSI) in tumors from patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and in a large number of sporadic tumors. To further characterize the type of alterations at these loci and their frequency of involvement in colon cancer, we studied DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue from 508 patients using 11 microsatellites localized to chromosomes 5, 8, 15, 17, and 18. Overall, MSI at each locus varied in character and frequency and was observed with at least one marker in 191 cases (37.6%). Based on the number of markers displaying instability per tumor, three groups of patients were defined: those with <30% of the markers showing instability (MSI-L,, n = 109, 21.5%); those with > or = 30% (MSI-H, n = 82, 16.1%); and those showing no instability (MSS, n = 317, 62.4%). These groups were tested for correlations with a number of clinical and pathological parameters, including age, sex, stage, ploidy status, and site of tumor. Comparing across the three groups and verified by pair-wise comparisons, the MSI-H group was associated with tumor site (proximal colon, P = 0.001), sex (females, P = 0.005), stage (Dukes' B, P = 0.01), and ploidy status (diploid, P = 0.03). No significant differences were noted between the MSI-L and MSS group for any of the parameters tested. An additional 188 consecutive surgical colorectal cancer cases were examined for the presence of MSI and for the immunohistochemical expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins. Of this group, 129 (68.6%) were classified as MSS, 17 (9.0%) as MSI-L, and 42 (22.3%) as MSI-H. None of the MSS and none of the MSI-L tumors had altered expression of either hMLH1 or hMSH2. However, the majority of MSI-H (40 of 42, 95%) cases demonstrated absence of staining for these proteins. The most frequently altered protein was hMLH1, occurring in 95% of the tumors with altered expression. Cumulatively, these data suggest that the tumor phenotype MSI-H is distinct from tumor phenotypes MSI-L and MSS, with no apparent differences between MSI-L and MSS. Furthermore, altered hMLH1 protein expression appears to be responsible for the mutator phenotype in the vast majority of MSI-H tumors.