gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Alloy Additions on Electromigration Failures in Thin Aluminum Films (1971)

In earlier work with aluminum thin films, electromigration through grain boundary diffusion has been found to be reduced by the addition of small amounts of copper and not to be affected by additions of silver and gold. Additions of other alloying elements having large atomic-size differences with respect to aluminum, namely, magnesium, nickel, and chromium, have now also been shown to reduce the rate of electromigration.
Real-World Anomaly Detection in Surveillance Videos (2018)

Surveillance videos are able to capture a variety of realistic anomalies. In this paper, we propose to learn anomalies by exploiting both normal and anomalous videos. To avoid annotating the anomalous segments or clips in training videos, which is very time consuming, we propose to learn anomaly through the deep multiple instance ranking framework by leveraging weakly labeled training videos, i.e. the training labels (anomalous or normal) are at video-level instead of clip-level. In our approach, we consider normal and anomalous videos as bags and video segments as instances in multiple instance learning (MIL), and automatically learn a deep anomaly ranking model that predicts high anomaly scores for anomalous video segments. Furthermore, we introduce sparsity and temporal smoothness constraints in the ranking loss function to better localize anomaly during training. We also introduce a new large-scale first of its kind dataset of 128 hours of videos. It consists of 1900 long and untrimmed real-world surveillance videos, with 13 realistic anomalies such as fighting, road accident, burglary, robbery, etc. as well as normal activities. This dataset can be used for two tasks. First, general anomaly detection considering all anomalies in one group and all normal activities in another group. Second, for recognizing each of 13 anomalous activities. Our experimental results show that our MIL method for anomaly detection achieves significant improvement on anomaly detection performance as compared to the state-of-the-art approaches. We provide the results of several recent deep learning baselines on anomalous activity recognition. The low recognition performance of these baselines reveals that our dataset is very challenging and opens more opportunities for future work. The dataset is available at: http://crcv.ucf.edu/projects/real-world.
Adaptive Data Collection protocol for Extending Lifetime of Periodic Sensor Networks (2017)

In Periodic Sensor Network (PSN), the periodic energy efficient collection of a large amount of sensed data by the sensor nodes is considered as one of the main challenges in this type of network. An adaptive sampling approach to periodic data collection is needed for energy optimization due to the limited lifetime nature of the sensor batteries. In this paper, we propose a protocol, called an Adaptive Data Collection protocol (ADaC), which collects periodically sensor readings and prolong the lifetime of a Periodic Sensor Network (PSN). The lifetime of ADaC protocol is divided into cycles. Each cycle is composed of two stages.First, data collection. Second, sampling rate adaptation based on the similarity between periods of one cycle using Euclidean distance measure to adapt its rate of sampling according to the dynamic modification of the monitored environment. ADaC allows each sensor to adapt its sampling rate in accordance with the monitored environment conditions. We conduct extensive simulation experiments on real sensor data by applying OMNeT++ network simulator to explain the effectiveness of the ADaC protocol in comparison with a method without using adaptive sampling.
Automatic model classification of measured Internet traffic (2003)

A new method for real-time traffic model classification is proposed and evaluated. The method classifies the current measured traffic to a "best-fit" model selected from a library of candidate models using statistical estimation techniques. A simple two-model system has been prototyped and evaluated through simulation experiments. The experimental system consists of a short-range dependent model and long-range dependent model, and uses the estimated Hurst parameter to select between the two models. Results demonstrate that the two-model system can classify observed traffic to the correct model with fair accuracy, and can automatically detect a change in traffic characteristics after a delay. The design parameters affecting the classification accuracy and the delay to detect traffic changes are discussed.
Generation and Self‐Replication of Monolithic, Dual‐Scale Polymer Structures by Two‐Step Capillary‐Force Lithography (2008)

Inhibition effects in UV radiation curing caused by oxygen are used for fabricating monolithic, micro/nanoscale hierarchical polymer structures via a two-step UV-assisted capillary molding technique (see image). Using this approach, various dual-scale polymer structures are created within a few minutes with precise control over geometrical parameters. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Changes in high-dose-rate tandem and ovoid applicator positions during treatment in an unfixed brachytherapy system. (1998)

Patient movement in an unfixed HDR brachytherapy system can displace the applicators, especially the tandem. Anterior shifts correlate with high bladder dose differences. Immobilization of the patient's hips and legs, as well as stabilization of applicators, would reduce these shifts.
Bacterial mucosal infiltration in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis: histological and clinical consequences. (1994)

Gastric epithelial cell infiltration and damage by HP, as assessed by electron microscopy, is an important feature of HP-associated gastritis due to its histological and clinical correlates.
Dimeric Transthyretin Variant Assembles into Spherical Neurotoxins (2005)

Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy is a hereditary autosomal-dominant disease in which the deposited transthyretin fibrils are derived from amyloidogenic mutation. We investigated structure and stability of a human Ser112Ile transthyretin variant and showed that the Ser112Ile variant exists as a dimer having nonnative tertiary structure at physiological pH. In addition, the dimeric Ser112Ile assembles into a spherical aggregate and exerts cytotoxicity in a human neuroblastoma cell line. Our results suggest the importance of an unstable dimeric structure in forming spherical aggregates that will induce cell death.
Temporal attention filters for human activity recognition in videos. (2016)

In this paper, we newly introduce the concept of temporal attention filters, and describe how they can be used for human activity recognition from videos. Many high-level activities are often composed of multiple temporal parts (e.g., sub-events) with different duration/speed, and our objective is to make the model explicitly consider such temporal structure using multiple temporal filters. Our attention filters are designed to be fully differentiable, allowing end-of-end training of the temporal filters together with the underlying frame-based or segment-based convolutional neural network architectures. The paper not only presents an approach of learning optimal static temporal attention filters to be shared across different videos, but also describes an approach of dynamically adjusting attention filters per testing video using recurrent long short-term memory networks (LSTMs). We experimentally confirm that the proposed concept of temporal attention filters benefits the activity recognition tasks by capturing the temporal structure in videos.
Polarization Demultiplexing for Stokes Vector Direct Detection (2015)

The conventional intensity modulation with direct detection faces the capacity bottleneck beyond 100-Gb/s per wavelength, due to its 1-dimension (1-D) modulation and detection. To increase the spectral efficiency, there emerge a variety of direct detection subsystems based on the Stokes vector receiver (SV-R). The Stokes space contains the intensity information of three independent polarizations. Therefore, the SV-R enlarges the detection dimensions at receiver to 3. The SV-R can recover any 2-D or 3-D signal modulated in Stokes space. One of the most significant features of SV-R is the DSP-enabled polarization demultiplexing. Instead of a 2 × 2 Jones matrix, in Stokes space, a 3 × 3 rotation matrix (RM) characterizes the polarization variation during fiber transmission. Previously, we have demonstrated a training-assisted polarization demultiplexing algorithm, which uses three basis vectors in Stokes space to estimate the RM. In this paper, we propose a blind polarization demultiplexing using the signal distribution in Stokes space. Combined with the blind adaptive algorithm, the new method converts the two-stage polarization demultiplexing (RM estimation and channel equalization) to a single-stage blind 3 × 2 real-value multiple-input multiple-output equalization, which significantly simplify the DSP procedures. We experimentally demonstrate the SV-R based on either training or blind demultiplexing algorithms, and compare the performance between them.
1972 Clinic Yearbook (1972)

The Clinic is the yearbook of the Sidney Kimmel Medical College (formerly Jefferson Medical College) at Thomas Jefferson University.
Effects of a structural change in collagen upon binding to conditioned dentin studied by <sup>13</sup>C NMR (1995)

To develop a better adhesive functional monomer, it is imperative to understand the adhesion mechanisms of the resin to the dentin surface. Bond strength to the decalcified dentin surface pretreated with dentin primer, an aqueous ethanol solution of N-methacryloyl glycine, increases by increasing the water content in the primer. The aqueous primer could increase the thickness of the hybrid layer. The structural change of dentinal collagen with NM alpha A was studied by using a model compound for collagen,--(1Pro-2Pro-3Gly)10--, by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The model compound was aggregated in ethanol but dissociated in water. It was found that NM alpha A effectively dissociated the aggregated model compound in water. The dissociation of decalcified dentin was essential to create a thick hybrid layer that could afford a higher bond strength to dentin.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of a new sustained-release GH formulation, LB03002, in children with GH deficiency (2008)

At the doses used, LB03002 has a suitable profile for long-term treatment to promote growth in children with GHD. The quantitative changes in IGF1 and IGFBP3 indicate adequate stimulation of the IGF system by LB03002 and the pattern of increase is comparable with that seen in GHD children in a standard IGF1 generation test using daily GH.
Improving wireless link throughput via interleaved FEC (2004)

Wireless communication is inherently vulnerable to errors from the dynamic wireless environment. Link layer packets discarded due to these errors impose a serious limitation on the maximum achievable throughput in the wireless channel. To enhance the overall throughput of wireless communication, it is necessary to have a link layer transmission scheme that is robust to the errors intrinsic to the wireless channel. To this end, we present interleaved-forward error correction (I-FEC), a clever link layer coding scheme that protects link layer data against random and busty errors. We examine the level of data protection provided by I-FEC against other popular schemes. We also simulate I-FEC in Bluetooth, and compare the TCP throughput result with Bluetooth's integrated FEC coding feature. We show that I-FEC consistently and significantly outperforms other link layer coding schemes by providing an impressive amount of protection against heavy channel burst errors.
Textiles: Some Visible and Invisible Connections in Contemporary Visual Art Installation Practice (2011)

The essay explores the 'visible' and/or 'invisible' connections between textiles and viewers in contemporary visual art practice, focussing on direct links between the materiality and language of textiles. Textiles encompass both culture specific and trans-cultural language and meaning. Cloth is with us every day from birth to death, in all cultures. Rich symbolism arises from textile omnipresence in the everyday: domestic, functional, decorative, historic, ritual. Textiles aid representation of personal narratives through the relationship between textiles, garments, the body. Acting catalytically, textiles can evoke memories and stimulate multiple sensory receptors. This contextualises personal, idiosyncratic responses with varying levels of conscious engagement.
Analysis of a Fibre-optic Ring Resonator with Polarization Effects: Application to Polarization Sensing with Improved Sensitivity (1992)

Abstract A theoretical analysis for a fibre-optic ring resonator is given by assuming a polarization modulation in the loop fibre. If the change in polarization angle θ in the loop is large, the output intensity has two resonance dips separated in phase by an angle equal to 2θ, when the loop phase is scanned from 0 to 2π. When θ is small, the resonator output produces only one resonance dip and the amplitude of this resonance dip is a measure of θ. By placing a polarizer at the resonator output, a resonance peak in the intensity is produced with an amplitude that increases with increasing θ. Such a system has potential applications, for example, in Faraday current sensing, with an increased sensitivity. The effects of birefringence in the loop and the angle of polarization of the input light are also analysed.
Transcoding Content for Tactical Mobile Computing Devices (2006)

Integration of mobile computing devices and high-speed wireless networks into the tactical domain provides the warfighter with unprecedented access to information on the battlefield. Challenges in information delivery for these handheld computers can be solved by optimizing content through transcoding services. Employing commercial software, video and Web content can be dynamically customized to meet the unique processing, storage and network requirements for mobile devices. Transcoding can be applied to current operational systems to provide content to the mobile warfighter. A prototype transcoding platform was built to demonstrate the integration of global broadcast service (GBS) streaming video and wireless handheld devices. VLC media player was used to transcode high quality 1.6 Mbps MPEG-2 video received over GBS into low bitrate MPEG-4 for playback on wireless handhelds. This prototype used commercially available tools to optimize operational resources for mobile devices and demonstrates how GIG net-centric services can be extended to tactical edge users.
Comparative assessment of the ELBA coarse-grained model for water (2013)

The ELBA force field for water consists of a single spherical site embedded with a point dipole. This coarse-grained model is assessed here through the calculation of fundamental properties of bulk liquid water and the water–vapour interface. Accuracy and efficiency are evaluated and compared against simulations of standard three- and four-site atomistic models. For bulk liquid systems, ELBA reproduces accurately most of the investigated properties. However, the radial distribution function deviates from atomistic and experimental data, indicating a loss of local structure. The water–vapour interface, simulated over a range of temperatures from 300 to 600 K, is captured realistically in terms of its density distribution, and the accuracy in reproducing the experimental surface tension is as high as that of the best atomistic model. The critical temperature of ELBA is also found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. However, the interfacial electric field and surface potential are missing. The computational speed-up of ELBA compared to traditional atomistic models is estimated to be between one and two orders of magnitude.
Crystallographic Study on the Dioxygen Complex of Wild-type and Mutant Cytochrome P450cam (2005)

Two key amino acids, Thr252 and Asp251, are known to be important for dioxygen activation by cytochrome P450cam. We have solved crystal structures of a critical intermediate, the ferrous dioxygen complex (Fe(II)-O2), of the wild-type P450cam and its mutants, D251N and T252A. The wild-type dioxygen complex structure is very much the same as reported previously (Schlichting, I., Berendzen, J., Chu, K., Stock, A. M., Maves, S. A., Benson, D. E., Sweet, R. M., Ringe, D., Petsko, G. A., and Sligar, S. G. (2000) Science 287, 1615-1622) with the exception of higher occupancy and a more ordered structure of the iron-linked dioxygen and two "catalytic" water molecules that form part of a proton relay system to the iron-linked dioxygen. Due to of the altered conformation of the I helix groove these two waters are missing in the D251N dioxygen complex which explains its lower catalytic activity and slower proton transfer to the dioxygen ligand. Similarly, the T252A mutation was expected to disrupt the active site solvent structure leading to hydrogen peroxide formation rather than substrate hydroxylation. Unexpectedly, however, the two "catalytic" waters are retained in the T252A mutant. Based on these findings, we propose that the Thr(252) accepts a hydrogen bond from the hydroperoxy (Fe(III)-OOH) intermediate that promotes the second protonation on the distal oxygen atom, leading to O-O bond cleavage and compound I formation.
A SIFT Descriptor with Global Context (2005)

Matching points between multiple images of a scene is a vital component of many computer vision tasks. Point matching involves creating a succinct and discriminative descriptor for each point. While current descriptors such as SIFT can find matches between features with unique local neighborhoods, these descriptors typically fail to consider global context to resolve ambiguities that can occur locally when an image has multiple similar regions. This paper presents a feature descriptor that augments SIFT with a global context vector that adds curvilinear shape information from a much larger neighborhood, thus reducing mismatches when multiple local descriptors are similar. It also provides a more robust method for handling 2D nonrigid transformations since points are more effectively matched individually at a global scale rather than constraining multiple matched points to be mapped via a planar homography. We have tested our technique on various images and compare matching accuracy between the SIFT descriptor with global context to that without.
Pressure Drops in Cannulas for Hemodialysis (2001)

The pressure drops can be described by a second order function but not by the Hagen-Poiseuille law even when corrected for inlet and outlet effects as described by Bernoulli's law. Pressure drops depend on flow direction. Back-eyes and cannula tips have no influence on the pressure drop. Pressure drops and especially flow direction asymmetry are influenced by the hydraulic design of the connection piece between cannula and tubing. The results can be used for prediction of pressure drops in cannulas allowing better use of pressures already measured in the extracorporeal circuit of hemodialysis machines.
Thermal Analysis of High Level Radioactive Waste Repository Using a Large Model (2000)

A Simple Large Model (SLM), which can be used to make thermal calculation for a deep geological repository with finite number of HLW canisters, was developed. In order to develop the SLM, a Simple Basic Model (SBM), which will be a unit of the SLM, was optimized first. The SBM was optimized to achieve the same maximum buffer temperature as that of the Detailed Basic Model (DBM) representing the real geometric aspects of the repository. In contrast to the models with the assumption of infinite number of canisters which cannot consider boundary effect, the SLM can model the real repository with finite number of canisters and thus consider the boundary effect. Thermal results from the SLM can be used to evaluate the reliability of the models, which do not consider boundary effect. This model can also be used to simulate the thermal layout design and to analyze the thermal safety of a deep geological repository as well as an underground laboratory.
A critical role for alpha-synuclein in development and function of T lymphocytes (2015)

Alpha-synuclein is highly expressed in the central nervous system and plays an important role in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. Previous studies have demonstrated the expression of α-synuclein in hematopoietic elements and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, although its roles in hematopoiesis and adaptive immunity are not studied. Using an α-synuclein knock out (KO) mouse model, we have recently shown that α-synuclein deficiency is associated with a mild defect in late stages of hematopoiesis. More importantly, we demonstrated a marked defect in B lymphocyte development and IgG, but not IgM production in these mice. Here we show a marked defect in development of T lymphocytes in α-synuclein KO mice demonstrated by a significant increase in the number of CD4 and CD8 double negative thymocytes and significant decreases in the number of CD4 single positive and CD8 single positive T cells. This resulted in markedly reduced peripheral T lymphocytes. Interestingly, splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells that developed in α-synuclein KO mice had a hyperactivated state with higher expression of early activation markers and increased IL-2 production. Moreover, splenic CD4(+) T cells from α-synuclein KO mice produced lower levels of IL-4 upon antigenic stimulation suggesting a defective Th2 differentiation. Our data demonstrate an important role for α-synuclein in development of T lymphocytes and regulation of their phenotype and function.
A multiharmonic method for non‐linear vibration analysis (1994)

Abstract A multiharmonic method for analysis of non‐linear dynamic systems submitted to periodic loa conditions is presented. The approach is based on a systematic use of the fast Fourier transform. The e linearization of the resulting equations in the frequency domain allows to obtain full quadratic converg rate.
Dephosphorylation of Psilocybin to Psilocin by Alkaline Phosphatase (1961)

SummaryIncubation of psilocybin with purified intestinal phosphatase resulted in liberation of psilocin and inorganic phosphate. Psilocin formed was determined both quantitatively by a specific colorimetric method employing the nitrosonaphthol reagent and qualitatively by paper chromatography. Some characteristics of the phosphatase action on psilocybin are described. The possibility of a similar reaction occurring in the intact animal is discussed.
Mannich bases and novel benzothiazole derivatives of imidazo[2,1-<i>b</i>][1,3,4]thiadiazoles and their biological evaluation (2006)

A series of 2,6-disubstituted imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles, their new Mannich bases and novel benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were established by analytical and spectral data. All the compounds were screened for their antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system and antibacterial activity against E. coli and B. cirrhosis, antifungal activity against A. niger and P. worthmanni. Among the tested compounds Mannich bases 3e, 3f and 4 g and 5-carbaldehyde derivative 6d have shown excellent inhibition (99, 99, 97 and 95%, respectively) against M. tuberculosis. Mannich bases in general have also shown impressive antifungal activity.