gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Message Composition and Coding for Cooperative Vehicular Safety Applications (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Wireless intervehicular communication will enable a broad range of applications in the future. However, multiple vehicles, multiple diverse applications, multiple vehicle manufacturers, and the mobile vehicular environment raise several issues related to utilizing the wireless medium effectively. In this paper, we present a method for efficiently communicating vehicle data among neighboring vehicles, primarily for safety applications. The “Message Dispatcher” (MD) coordinates communication between applications and the wireless channel at the application level. It addresses technical implementation issues, business deployment considerations, and issues of extensibility and system architecture. The MD concept has become an integral part of the Society of Automotive Engineers' safety message-standardization effort. We shall describe the MD and present results illustrating its utility. We also describe a deployment in several vehicles at Toyota Technical Center in Ann Arbor, MI. Then, using data collected from the vehicles, we investigate a predictive-coding method for data transmission using the MD. We show that this scheme can reduce wireless-channel utilization and bandwidth requirements by over 80%, as compared to regular transmission methods. Several insights for future wireless-channel usage optimization are provided. </para>
Enhancement of human lymphokine-activated killer cell cytolysis and a method for increasing lymphokine-activated killer cell yields to cancer patients. (1988)

In a continued effort to make interleukin-2/lymphocyte-activated killer (LAK) cell therapy safer and more efficacious for cancer patients, we examined methods of increasing the yields of cells obtained as a final product for reinfusion. Previously, the major cell loss occurred in the Ficoll-Hypaque gradient separation procedure used before cell culture. Therefore, we investigated the necessity of this step. Leukapheresis procedures (n = 105) from 40 different cancer patients showed that the resultant cell product is predominantly mononuclear (lymphocytes and monocytes; greater than 97%) before the gradient purification step. The only cells observed to decrease in percentage as a result of the step were red blood cells (RBC: WBC ratio of 17:1 before purification to 1:3 after purification). Our study showed that the cytolytic potential of unpurified leukapheresis products against the LAK-sensitive line Daudi and the natural killer cell-sensitive line K562 was greater and that the patients received significantly more cells at times of reinfusion if the gradient separation step was eliminated. By additional experiments, we determined that autologous red blood cells enhance the generation of cytolytic LAK cells. This enhancement was greater if the red blood cells were in contact with the mononuclear cells during the time of cell culture. The elimination of the Ficoll-Hypaque purification step not only reduces the time and cost of the cell collection procedures, it also allows us to return to the patients greater numbers of cytolytic LAK cells following the activation period.
Smart e-Health Gateway: Bringing intelligence to Internet-of-Things based ubiquitous healthcare systems (2015)

There have been significant advances in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) recently. At the same time there exists an ever-growing demand for ubiquitous healthcare systems to improve human health and well-being. In most of IoT-based patient monitoring systems, especially at smart homes or hospitals, there exists a bridging point (i.e., gateway) between a sensor network and the Internet which often just performs basic functions such as translating between the protocols used in the Internet and sensor networks. These gateways have beneficial knowledge and constructive control over both the sensor network and the data to be transmitted through the Internet. In this paper, we exploit the strategic position of such gateways to offer several higher-level services such as local storage, real-time local data processing, embedded data mining, etc., proposing thus a Smart e-Health Gateway. By taking responsibility for handling some burdens of the sensor network and a remote healthcare center, a Smart e-Health Gateway can cope with many challenges in ubiquitous healthcare systems such as energy efficiency, scalability, and reliability issues. A successful implementation of Smart e-Health Gateways enables massive deployment of ubiquitous health monitoring systems especially in clinical environments. We also present a case study of a Smart e-Health Gateway called UTGATE where some of the discussed higher-level features have been implemented. Our proof-of-concept design demonstrates an IoT-based health monitoring system with enhanced overall system energy efficiency, performance, interoperability, security, and reliability.
Two-Dimensional Mesoporous Carbon Nanosheets and Their Derived Graphene Nanosheets: Synthesis and Efficient Lithium Ion Storage (2013)

We report a new solution deposition method to synthesize an unprecedented type of two-dimensional ordered mesoporous carbon nanosheets via a controlled low-concentration monomicelle close-packing assembly approach. These obtained carbon nanosheets possess only one layer of ordered mesopores on the surface of a substrate, typically the inner walls of anodic aluminum oxide pore channels, and can be further converted into mesoporous graphene nanosheets by carbonization. The atomically flat graphene layers with mesopores provide high surface area for lithium ion adsorption and intercalation, while the ordered mesopores perpendicular to the graphene layer enable efficient ion transport as well as volume expansion flexibility, thus representing a unique orthogonal architecture for excellent lithium ion storage capacity and cycling performance. Lithium ion battery anodes made of the mesoporous graphene nanosheets have exhibited an excellent reversible capacity of 1040 mAh/g at 100 mA/g, and they can retain at 833 mAh/g even after numerous cycles at varied current densities. Even at a large current density of 5 A/g, the reversible capacity is retained around 255 mAh/g, larger than for most other porous carbon-based anodes previously reported, suggesting a remarkably promising candidate for energy storage.
Deregulated Production of Protective Cytokines in Response to<i>Candida albicans</i>Infection in Patients with Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis (2003)

Patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) are selectively unable to clear the yeast Candida, which results in persistent debilitating infections affecting the skin, nails, and mucous membranes. The underlying defect is unknown. Recent animal studies highlighted the importance of type 1 cytokines in protection against Candida, and previous work suggested that CMC patients may exhibit altered cytokine production in response to Candida. Based on these findings, in this study we investigated cytokine production in CMC patients by assessing a range of inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, type 1, and type 2 cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha]) in whole-blood cultures in response to five different fractions of Candida albicans (carbohydrate, purified mannan, and protein-rich fractions, etc.), as well as non-Candida antigens. Our results demonstrate that cytokine production is deregulated in a Candida-specific way for some cytokines (IL-2, IL-10), is deregulated more generally for other cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, IFN-gamma), and is not markedly altered for still other cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-5). The most notable finding in CMC patients was the markedly impaired production of IL-12 in parallel with dramatically increased levels of IL-6 and IL-10 that occurred selectively in response to Candida. These results suggest that patients with CMC have impaired production of type 1-inducing cytokines (possibly a macrophage or dendritic cell defect?), which could result in an inability to mount protective cell-mediated responses and a failure to clear Candida. Continued tissue damage and inflammation may trigger production of high levels of inhibitory cytokines, such as the IL-10 production seen in our study, which would further reduce production of type 1-inducing cytokines in a positive feedback loop leading to persistent infection.
Multivalent Ligand Displayed on Plant Virus Induces Rapid Onset of Bone Differentiation (2012)

Viruses are monodispersed biomacromolecules with well-defined 3-D structures at the nanometer level. The relative ease to manipulate viral coat protein gene to display numerous functional groups affords an attractive feature for these nanomaterials, and the inability of plant viruses to infect mammalian hosts poses little or no cytotoxic concerns. As such, these nanosized molecular tools serve as powerful templates for many pharmacological applications ranging as multifunctional theranostic agents with tissue targeting motifs and imaging agents, potent vaccine scaffolds to induce cellular immunity and for probing cellular functions as synthetic biomaterials. The results herein show that combination of serum-free, chemically defined media with genetically modified plant virus induces rapid onset of key bone differentiation markers for bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells within two days. The xeno-free culture is often a key step toward development of ex vivo implants, and the early onset of osteocalcin, BMP-2 and calcium sequestration are some of the key molecular markers in the progression toward bone formation. The results herein will provide some key insights to engineering functional materials for rapid bone repair.
A Portable Pneumatic Driving Unit for a Left Ventricular Assist Device (1988)

The authors developed a portable air driving unit for an artificial heart. As the portable energy source of the driver, a commercially available Ni-Cd battery was used. A linear compressor was selected as a portable size compressor. To reduce the number of parts to be assembled, a new type of pneumatic system was employed. In this system, the pressure level was regulated by varying the output flow rate of the compressor instead of using a pressure regulator and large air reservoirs. A one-board microcomputer and pressure sensors were used to control the pressure level. The total weight of the unit is 9.5 Kg. After assembling the components into the portable unit, a blood pump was connected to examine the output characteristics of the system. It was confirmed that the unit could drive the blood pump continuously for more than 2 hours under the following conditions: output flow rate of the blood pump = 5 L/min and output pressure = 100 mmHg.
Preparation of new acetal type cleavable surfactants from epichlorohydrin (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of new acetal type cleavable surfactants from epichlorohydrinDaisuke Ono, Araki Masuyama, and Mitsuo OkaharaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 14, 4461–4464Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00301a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00301a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A holographic waveguide microlens array for surface-normal optical interconnects (1996)

We present an array of holographic focusing lenses for surface normal optical interconnects. The profile-mismatch-induced coupling problem between input lasers and high-speed photodetectors is solved by employing a holographic microlens array. The holographic microlens array demonstrated has l-mm focal length at the wavelength of 632.8 mm, with a lens-to-lens separation of 0.58 mm. The measured 3-dB focal spot size is determined to be 15 μm×14 μm. The method for designing and recording a substrate mode surface-normal holographic lens array with different recording and readout wavelengths is also presented.
Science and its sponsor China Society of Science (2010)

Aim To make a retrospect of the history of the development of Science,the study of its publishing,editing,and its contribution to the development of Chinese society and technology,together with its relationship with China Society of Science.Methods Applying literature analysis and literature research.Results The editing and publishing of Science attracted attention of domestic and foreign academics.While undergoing a complex and tortuous process,the publishion of Science still had sustained for 45 years in their efforts of the China society of science.Its running concept,managing mechanism and the pattern of editing and publishing expressed its own feature.Conclusion The editing and publishing of Science played an important role in the Chinese publishing history.It not only disseminated scientific knowledge which influenced on scientific concept of the Chinese,but also created a chine′s model of scientific with modern sense.
Defect-induced local variation of crystal phase transition temperature in metal-halide perovskites (2017)

Solution-processed organometal halide perovskites are hybrid crystalline semiconductors highly interesting for low-cost and efficient optoelectronics. Their properties are dependent on the crystal structure. Literature shows a variety of crystal phase transition temperatures and often a spread of the transition over tens of degrees Kelvin. We explain this inconsistency by demonstrating that the temperature of the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic phase transition in methylammonium lead triiodide depends on the concentration and nature of local defects. Phase transition in individual nanowires was studied by photoluminescence microspectroscopy and super-resolution imaging. We propose that upon cooling from 160 to 140 K, domains of the crystal containing fewer defects stay in the tetragonal phase longer than highly defected domains that readily transform to the high bandgap orthorhombic phase at higher temperatures. The existence of relatively pure tetragonal domains during the phase transition leads to drastic photoluminescence enhancement, which is inhomogeneously distributed across perovskite microcrystals.Understanding crystal phase transition in materials is of fundamental importance. Using luminescence spectroscopy and super-resolution imaging, Dobrovolsky et al. study the transition from the tetragonal to orthorhombic crystal phase in methylammonium lead triiodide nanowires at low temperature.
Pure negatively charged state of the NV center in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math>-type diamond (2016)

Optical illumination on negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy $(\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ centers inevitably causes stochastic charge-state transitions between the $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and the neutral charge state of the NV center. It limits the steady-state population of $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ to 5% at minimum (\ensuremath{\sim}610 nm) and 80% (\ensuremath{\sim}532 nm) at maximum in intrinsic diamond depending on the wavelength. Here, we show Fermi-level control by phosphorus doping generates 99.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.1% $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ under 1-\ensuremath{\mu}W and 593-nm excitation which is close to maximum absorption of $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. The pure $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ shows a fivefold increase in luminescence and a fourfold enhancement of an optically detected magnetic resonance under 593-nm excitation compared with those in intrinsic diamond.
The Irish Land League Crisis. By Norman Dunbar Palmer. Pp. x, 340. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press. 1940. $3.50. (Yale Historical Publications, Miscellany, xxxv) (1943)

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A synopsis of research in cardiac apoptosis and its application to congestive heart failure. (2007)

Cardiac apoptosis diminishes the contractile mass, which leads to heart failure. Apoptosis of cardiac non-myocytes also contributes to maladaptive remodeling and the transition to decompensated congestive heart failure. New antiapoptotic interventions and medications will be available within the next decade. The aim of this study is to provide a critical synopsis of research projects on cardiocyte apoptosis that have implications for current and future practice and to identify methods to prevent or attenuate apoptosis in patients who have poor ventricular function. A retrospective literature review reveals a great many important publications. However, very few investigators discuss the clinical ramifications of cardiocyte apoptosis, nor do they address the clinician who sees poor ventricular contractility daily. Most studies are still investigational and involve antiapoptotic agents such as broad-spectrum caspase inhibitors, antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, insulin-like growth-factor 1, and poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) synthetase inhibitors. some options have already been incorporated into the clinical practices of cardiologists and cardiac surgeons: repairing or replacing diseased or damaged valves before ventricular function deteriorates; reducing afterload with medication or intra-aortic balloon pulsation in patients who display acute increases in afterload; decreasing catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity in hemodynamically compromised patients, by using beta-blockers and phosphodiesterase inhibitors; and inserting intra-aortic balloon pumps or ventricular assist devices early in cases of failing myocardium. Coronary revascularization early in myocardial infarction is effective antiapoptotic therapy. Other therapeutic targets are cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamping, both of which require reductions in associated myocardial apoptosis.
An AR Network Cabling Tutoring System for Wiring a Rack (2017)

We present a network cabling tutoring system that guides learners through cabling a network topology by overlaying virtual icons and arrows on the ports. The system determines the network state by parsing switch output and does not depend on network protocols being functional. A server provides a web-based user interface and communicates with an external intelligent tutoring system called The Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring. Users use a tablet to view AR annotations, though support for HoloLens HMD will be added soon.
Learning Semantic Image Representations at a Large Scale (2014)

I present my work towards learning a better computer vision system that learns and generalizes object categories better, and behaves in ways closer to what human behave. Specifically, I focus on two key components of such a system: learning better features, and revisiting existing problem statements. For the first component, I propose and analyze novel receptive field learning and dictionary learning methods, mathematically justified by the \\nystrom sampling theory, that learn more compact and effective features for object recognition tasks. For the second component, I propose to combine otherwise independently developed computer vision and cognitive science studies, and present the first large-scale system that allows computers to learn and generalize closer to what a human learner will do. I also provide a large-scale human behavior database, which will hopefully enable further research along this research direction.Following the recent success of convolutional neural networks, I present and release a well-engineered framework for general deep learning research, and provide an extensive analysis on the generality of deep features learned from the state-of-the-art CNN pipeline: whether they serve as a general-purpose visual descriptor that could be adopted in various applications, and future research directions made possible by such general features.
SHELLOS: enabling fast detection and forensic analysis of code injection attacks (2011)

The availability of off-the-shelf exploitation toolkits for compromising hosts, coupled with the rapid rate of exploit discovery and disclosure, has made exploit or vulnerability-based detection far less effective than it once was. For instance, the increasing use of metamorphic and polymorphic techniques to deploy code injection attacks continues to confound signature-based detection techniques. The key to detecting these attacks lies in the ability to discover the presence of the injected code (or, shellcode). One promising technique for doing so is to examine data (be that from network streams or buffers of a process) and efficiently execute its content to find what lurks within. Unfortunately, current approaches for achieving this goal are not robust to evasion or scalable, primarily because of their reliance on software-based CPU emulators. In this paper, we argue that the use of software-based emulation techniques are not necessary, and instead propose a new framework that leverages hardware virtualization to better enable the detection of code injection attacks. We also report on our experience using this framework to analyze a corpus of malicious Portable Document Format (PDF) files and network-based attacks. 1
Fibroblast growth factor 21 analogue <scp>LY2405319</scp> lowers blood glucose in streptozotocin‐induced insulin‐deficient diabetic mice by restoring brown adipose tissue function (2014)

Our results show that LY2405319 reduces blood glucose levels in insulin-deficient diabetes by improving BAT metabolism. Additional studies investigating the therapeutic potential of FGF21 for the treatment of type 1 diabetes are warranted.
Prototype experience for MIMO BLAST over third-generation wireless system (2003)

In this paper, a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) extension for a third-generation (3G) wireless system is described. The integration of MIMO concepts within the existing UMTS standard and the associated space-time RAKE receiver are explained. An analysis is followed by a description of an actual experimental MIMO transmitter and receiver architecture, both realized on digital signal processors (DSPs) and FPGAs within a precommercial OneBTS base station. It uses four transmit and four receive antennas to achieve downlink data rates up to 1 Mb/s per user with a spreading factor of 32 and the UMTS chip rate of 3.84 MHz. Furthermore, different MIMO detectors are evaluated, comparing their performance and complexity. System performance is evaluated through simulations and indoor over-the-air measurements. Capacity and bit-error rate measurement results are presented.