gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An ATP-modulated specific association of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with human erythrocyte glucose transporter. (1990)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was found to bind in vitro to purified, human erythrocyte glucose transporter reconstituted into vesicles. Mild tryptic digestion of the glucose transporter totally inactivated the binding, suggesting that the cytoplasmic domain of the transporter is involved in the binding to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The binding was abolished in the presence of antisera raised against the purified glucose transporter, further supporting specificity of this interaction. The binding was reversible with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 3.3 x 10(-6) M and a total capacity (Bt) of approximately 30 nmol/mg of protein indicating a stoichiometry of one enzyme-tetramer per accessible transporter. The binding was sensitive to changes in pH showing an optimum at around pH 7.0. KCl and NaCl inhibited the binding in a simple dose-dependent manner with Ki of 40 and 20 mM, respectively. The binding was also inhibited by NAD+ with an estimated Ki of 3 mM. ATP, on the other hand, enhanced the binding by up to 3-fold in a dose-dependent manner with an apparent Ka of approximately 6 mM. The binding was not affected by D-glucose or cytochalasin B. The binding did not affect either the glucose or cytochalasin B in binding affinities or the transport activity of the transporter. However, the enzyme was inactivated totally upon binding to the transporter. Based on these findings, we suggest that a significant portion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in human erythrocytes exists as an inactive form via an ATP-dependent, reversible association with glucose transporter, and that this association may exert regulatory intervention on nucleotide metabolism in vitro.
DESIGN OF AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR MANAGEMENT OF ARRIVAL TRAFFIC (1989)

The design of an automated air traffic control system based on a hierarchy of advisory tools for controllers is described. Compatibility of the tools with the human controller, a key objective of the design, is achieved by a judicious selection of tasks to be automated and careful attention to the design of the controller system interface. The design comprises three interconnected subsystems referred to as the Traffic Management Advisor, the Descent Advisor, and the Final Approach Spacing Tool. Each of these subsystems provides a collection of tools for specific controller positions and tasks. The design of two of these tools, the Descent Advisor, which provides automation tools for managing descent traffic, and the Traffic Management Advisor, which generates optimum landing schedules is focused on. The algorithms, automation modes, and graphical interfaces incorporated in the design are described.
Mechanical Heterogeneity of the Rat Hippocampus Measured by Atomic Force Microscope Indentation (2007)

Knowledge of brain tissue mechanical properties may be critical for formulating hypotheses about traumatic brain injury (TBI) mechanisms and for accurate TBI simulations. To determine the local mechanical properties of anatomical subregions within the rat hippocampus, the atomic force microscope (AFM) was adapted for use on living brain tissue. The AFM provided advantages over alternative methods for measuring local mechanical properties of brain because of its high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and ability to measure live samples under physiologic conditions. From AFM indentations, a mean pointwise or depth-dependent apparent elastic modulus, E, was determined for the following hippocampal subregions: CA1 pyramidal cell layer (CA1P) and stratum radiatum (CA1SR), CA3 pyramidal cell layer (CA3P) and stratum radiatum (CA3SR), and the dentate gyrus (DG). For all regions, E was indentation-depth-dependent, reflecting the nonlinearity of brain tissue. At an indentation depth of 3microm, E was 234 +/- 152 Pa for CA3P, 308 +/- 184 Pa for CA3SR, 137 +/- 97 Pa for CA1P, 169 +/- 52 Pa for CA1SR, and 201 +/- 133 Pa for DG (mean +/- SD). Our results demonstrate for the first time that the hippocampus is mechanically heterogeneous. Based on our findings, we discuss hypotheses accounting for experimentally observed patterns of hippocampal cell death, which can be tested with biofidelic finite element models of TBI.
Simulation of microfluidic pumping in a genomic DNA blood-processing cassette (2003)

Microfluidic cassettes that perform integrated biological sample preparation and DNA analysis require fluidic control and transport mechanisms built into the device. In this study, pneumatically actuated diaphragm pumps and valves were employed to achieve precise fluidic manipulation and enabled the execution of several sample-processing steps within a single cassette. However, the design of the microfluidic cassette to accomplish this multi-step fluidic protocol required a complex three-dimensional fluid path through valves, bends, various sized passageways and a porous filter for cell capture. In order to understand the fluidic behavior in such a device, measurements were taken of the pneumatic pressure delivered to the diaphragm pump as it pushed sample through the complicated fluidic pathway. Simultaneously monitored were the resulting volumetric flow rate, and the corresponding pre- and post-filter fluid pressures. The data enabled the construction of a model that simulated the fluidic action through the device using established fluid mechanics theory that closely matched flow rate and pressure data. The ability to simulate the behavior of diaphragm pumping and resulting fluidic movements in complex microfluidic devices provides a greater comprehension of this phenomenon and a useful tool in the application to future devices for biochemical analysis.
Motor stator with thick rectangular wire lap winding for HEVs (2014)

A stator structure with rectangular wire distributed winding exhibiting high productivity and high design flexibility was designed for HEV motors. We devised a method of forming thick rectangular wire diamond coils and determined the best conditions for high density coil forming. A terminal connection structure was also devised to achieve a short coil end. The slot-fill rate of a prototype stator was 80.5% and its total coil end was 45 mm, which is roughly the same motor performance of a stator with segmented coil wave winding. The key advantage here is that the proposed stator has fewer coils and welding points than the stator with segmented coil wave winding and that the possible number of conductors per slot is higher than four, which is the limit of the stator with segmented coil wave winding.
Unusually high concentrations of Zn alpha 2-glycoprotein and the lack of alpha 2HS-glycoprotein in human ejaculates. (1989)

Ejaculates of 132 nonvasectomized and 129 vasectomized men were assayed for their Zn alpha 2- and alpha 2HS-glycoprotein contents by radial immunodiffusion. The respective mean concentrations of Zn alpha 2-glycoprotein were 319 and 309 mg/L, respectively, but these fluids were devoid of alpha 2HS-glycoprotein. In comparison, the concentration of these two proteins in serum of normal men were 62 and 617 mg/L for Zn alpha 2- and alpha 2HS-glycoprotein, respectively. Because albumin in the ejaculates is 100-fold less concentrated than in serum, the fivefold increase in the concentration of Zn alpha 2-glycoprotein of the ejaculates represents about a 500-fold enrichment of this protein in the ejaculates over the concentration expected by comparison with albumin.
Coverage evaluation of post-silicon validation tests with virtual prototypes (2014)

High-quality tests for post-silicon validation should be ready before a silicon device becomes available in order to save time spent on preparing, debugging and fixing tests after the device is available. Test coverage is an important metric for evaluating the quality and readiness of post-silicon tests. We propose an online-capture offline-replay approach to coverage evaluation of post-silicon validation tests with virtual prototypes for estimating silicon device test coverage. We first capture necessary data from a concrete execution of the virtual prototype within a virtual platform under a given test, and then compute the test coverage by efficiently replaying this execution offline on the virtual prototype itself. Our approach provides early feedback on quality of post-silicon validation tests before silicon is ready. To ensure fidelity of early coverage evaluation, our approach have been further extended to support coverage evaluation and conformance checking in the post-silicon stage. We have applied our approach to evaluate a suite of common tests on virtual prototypes of five network adapters. Our approach was able to reliably estimate that this suite achieves high functional coverage on all five silicon devices.
Low field magnetometer sensor of high stability (1970)

Highly stable with time and temperature, a new fluxgate magnetometer sensor was developed for space exploration. In conjunction with the electronic circuitry developed by the NASA Ames Research Center, the sensor-electronics combination shows a zero-field setting below 0.1 gamma, which fluctuates less than ± 0.1 gamma in a 24-hour period at constant temperature. The zero level also shifts less than 0.4 gamma when the temperature of the sensor is shifted f rom — 30 to + 60 °C. Room temperature noise is less than 0.2 gamma peak-to-peak in the 0 to 10 Hz frequency band. This magnetometer performance was measured by placing the sensor in a superconducting shield at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. Within the superconducting shield, the static magnetic field is less than 0.1 gamma, the static gradients are less than 0.1 gamma per inch, and the attenuation to time-varying fields is 106.
Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Clusters for Cancer Theranostics Combining Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Hyperthermia Treatment (2013)

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) could enable cancer theranostics if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic hyperthermia treatment (MHT) were combined. However, the particle size of SPIONs is smaller than the pores of fenestrated capillaries in normal tissues because superparamagnetism is expressed only at a particle size <10 nm. Therefore, SPIONs leak from the capillaries of normal tissues, resulting in low accumulation in tumors. Furthermore, MHT studies have been conducted in an impractical way: direct injection of magnetic materials into tumor and application of hazardous alternating current (AC) magnetic fields. To accomplish effective enhancement of MRI contrast agents in tumors and inhibition of tumor growth by MHT with intravenous injection and a safe AC magnetic field, we clustered SPIONs not only to prevent their leakage from fenestrated capillaries in normal tissues, but also for increasing their relaxivity and the specific absorption rate. We modified the clusters with folic acid (FA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) to promote their accumulation in tumors. SPION clustering and cluster modification with FA and PEG were achieved simultaneously via the thiol-ene click reaction. Twenty-four hours after intravenous injection of FA- and PEG-modified SPION nanoclusters (FA-PEG-SPION NCs), they accumulated locally in cancer (not necrotic) tissues within the tumor and enhanced the MRI contrast. Furthermore, 24 h after intravenous injection of the NCs, the mice were placed in an AC magnetic field with H = 8 kA/m and f = 230 kHz (Hf = 1.8×10(9) A/m∙s) for 20 min. The tumors of the mice underwent local heating by application of an AC magnetic field. The temperature of the tumor was higher than the surrounding tissues by ≈6°C at 20 min after treatment. Thirty-five days after treatment, the tumor volume of treated mice was one-tenth that of the control mice. Furthermore, the treated mice were alive after 12 weeks; control mice died up to 8 weeks after treatment.
Folding Proteome of <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> Targeting with Uracil Permease Mutants (2010)

The acquisition of the correct folding of membrane proteins is a crucial process that involves several steps from the recognition of nascent protein, its targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, its insertion, and its sorting to its final destination. Yarrowia lipolytica is a hemiascomycetous dimorphic yeast and an alternative eukaryotic yeast model with an efficient secretion pathway. To better understand the quality control of membrane proteins, we constructed a model system based on the uracil permease. Mutated forms of the permease were stabilized and retained in the cell and made the strains resistant to the 5-fluorouracil drug. To identify proteins involved in the quality control, we separated proteins extracted in nondenaturing conditions on blue native gels to keep proteins associated in complexes. Some gel fragments where the model protein was immunodetected were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis. The proteins identified gave a picture of the folding proteome, from the translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, the folding of the proteins, to the vesicle transport to Golgi or the degradation via the proteasome. For example, EMC complex, Gsf2p or Yet3p, chaperone membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum were identified in the Y. lipolytica native proteome.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2β‐Acyl‐3β‐aryl‐8‐azabicyclo(3.2.1)octanes and Their Binding Affinities at Dopamine and Serotonin Transport Sites in Rat Striatum and Frontal Cortex. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Response of pregnant mares to equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV1). (1980)

Twenty-one pregnant mares were inoculated with EHV1. Nineteen became infected as evidenced by clinical signs and/or viremia but only one mare aborted a virus-infected fetus. The viremias were leukocyte-associated and appeared to be non-productive, latent infections of these cells. Infectivity, detectable by cocultivation, persisted in the circulating leukocytes for as long as 9 days without resulting in abortion. The data suggest that it is extremely difficult to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines in preventing EHV1 (Rhinopneumonitis) abortion due to the paucity of non-exposed mares, lack of tests which measure residual protection, and an incomplete understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in abortion due to this virus.
Philosophy, Sociology and the Theory of Social Welfare: A Conceptual Starting Point (1976)

In this paper I want to explore and 2begin to elucidate a fundamental problem in social welfare theory. The problem centers on the conception of the relation between individuals and social structure. Before proceeding with this task, it is important to note the senses in which the term "social welfare" will be used. The term has two basic senses, deriving from two more or less distinct intellectual traditions. In one sense the term refers to the provision of goods and services to needy individuals, either through government "transfers" or private philanthropy. In this comparatively narrow sense social welfare is a characteristic of industrialized societies (see Wilensky, 1975, for an empirical investigation of the determinants of welfare spending) and has to do with social workers, welfare institutions and the poor. In the second, broader, sense social welfare has to do with all the members and institutions of a society. This sense derives from the concerns of moral and political philosophers about the structure of society and the production and distribution of basic values (such as wealth, power, liberty, equality and happiness). Moralpolitical philosophy asks what values are desirable and how can they be justified, and, given a set of values, what kind of society and what kind of individual is most likely to lead to the fullest realization of those values.
What to do with high autofluorescence background in pancreatic tissues – an efficient Sudan black B quenching method for specific immunofluorescence labelling (2016)

The easy-to-perform Sudan black B technique improves dramatically qualitative and quantitative fluorescence analysis of critical pancreatic tissue sections and rescues even overfixed tissues for immunofluorescence application.
Aged T cells are hyporesponsive to costimulation mediated by CD28. (1994)

The ability of T cells to proliferate in response to a number of stimuli is impaired in healthy, aged individuals. T cells from young (2 to 4 mo) and aged (20 to 26 mo) mice were stimulated with immobilized anti-CD3 epsilon-chain mAb and soluble anti-CD28 mAb. T cells from young and aged mice proliferated comparably in response to anti-CD3 epsilon mAb alone. However, aged T cells were significantly less responsive to costimulation by anti-CD28 mAb. This decreased response of aged T cells was seen at all dosages tested of anti-CD3 epsilon and anti-CD28 mAbs and in the presence and absence of APC. Similar results were observed when costimulation was provided by B7-transfected L cell fibroblasts. T cells from young and aged mice had comparable expression of CD28 by flow cytometry, both before and after stimulation. The defect in response to CD28 was seen both in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and in CD44lo (naive) and CD44hi (memory) T cells. The impaired response to costimulation mediated by CD28 on T cells from aged mice may be an important factor in reduced T cell responses associated with aging.
Metrodidazole <i>In Situ</i> Forming Eudragit RS Gel Comprising Different Solvents (2015)

In situ forming gel with solvent exchange mechanism is one of drug delivery systems for periodontitis treatment. The system is injected into the desired site then transforms into a gel state when the solvent diffuses out and aqueous diffuses in. The in situ forming Eudragit RS gels loading 1, 5 and 10%w/w metronidazole (MT) were developed in this study using N -methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), 2-pyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent. The viscosity of the gel systems in all solvents were increased as drug or polymer amount was increased with Newtonian flow behavior. Transformation into gel was evident after initiated the systems in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. NMP systems exhibited the lowest work of syringeability through 18 G syringe. Drug release from dialysis tube of DMSO systems was slower than that of NMP and 2-pyrrolidone systems, respectively. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus of the systems comprising MT using NMP as solvent was greater than that using 2-pyrrolidone and DMSO, respectively, which the antimicrobial activity was increased as the drug amount was increased. Therefore, the solvent type affected the viscosity, gel formation, syringeability, drug release and antimicrobial activity of Eudragit RS systems. These developed systems sustained the drug release and inhibited the bacterial growth hence they were interesting systems for periodontitis treatment.
Pregnant Man: Amazon or Etana? (2010)

I'm a law professor who works on gender, sexuality, and culture in the international and comparative context.That's my head working.In "real" life, my partner, Howard, and I have been engaged in having a baby together for several years, a project that came to fruition with the birth of our daughter Melina.Of course, such a project evokes intensely complex feelings and thoughts.Beyond a simple transposition of the personal onto the political, I feel so fortunate to have engaged in myriad conversations with a variety of friends and colleagues who think much more carefully about the family and different aspects of race, class, gender, and sexuality than I do.Fascinating conversations also arose with people who work in the less clearly related fields of administrative law, law and economics, public international law, international commercial law, and law and psychology.These conversations have reshaped my understanding of the boundaries among self, family, and society, and have given me a faith in our profession that, despite the hierarchies and occasional pettiness, we law professors are a warm and supportive bunch.As Howard and I awaited the birth of our child, I wrote down some of my thoughts on these conversations to memorialize them so that others could share them.Scholarship abounds on parenting and families: surrogacy, in-vitro
Structural defects in 3C–SiC grown on Si by supersonic jet epitaxy (1999)

3C–SiC thin films have been grown on Si(001) and Si(111) substrates by supersonic jet epitaxy. Cross-sectional high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is used to study the SiC/Si interface structure and defects in the films. The occurrence of twins is evident in the selected area electron diffraction pattern taken from a SiC/Si(111) heterostructure. A 39° angle between twinned and untwinned {111} planes in the [11̄0] projection is confirmed by x-ray pole figure. Twinning is attributed to the growth on the {111} planes. Pure edge misfit dislocations are found at the interface to accommodate the extreme lattice mismatch in SiC/Si(001) heterostructures. A schematic model of the STEM image reveals that a pair of 60° dislocations intersect to form an edge misfit dislocation. A large number of stacking faults and microtwins are present in SiC thin films grown on both Si(001) and Si(111) substrates. The formation of planar defects is attributed to the coalescence of individual three-dimensional islands. Possible methods for the reduction of the planar defects are discussed.