gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enrichment Method of Sulfated Glycopeptides by a Sulfate Emerging and Ion Exchange Chromatography (2009)

Sulfated glycoproteins are of growing importance for biomarker discovery, as well as for investigating molecular recognition processes. Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a powerful technique for the characterization of glycans and glycoproteins. However, characterization and detection of sulfated glycopeptides by MS is difficult because of the low abundance and low ionization efficiency of these molecules. To overcome this problem, we developed a novel enrichment procedure for sulfated glycopeptides. The procedure consists of anion exchange chromatography and a sulfate emerging (SE) method which controls the net charge of peptides by utilizing limited proteolyzes and modification with acetohydrazide. Using this procedure, we are able to enrich and characterize the sulfated glycopeptides of bovine luteinizing hormone (bLH). Furthermore, we demonstrate the enrichment and detection of sulfated glycopeptides from a complex mixture comprising human serum spiked with bLH at a concentration of 0.1%.
폐금속광산 지역 하천 퇴적물 내에 함유된 중금속의 오염도 평가 (2008)

Heavy metals in sediments from Limkae stream are investigated. Average concentrations of Zn, As, and Pb in sediments near the abandoned metal mine areas were 405.6, 251.8 and 99.4 ㎎/㎏, respectively, and these concentrations were higher than those in soils near the closed metalliferous mine areas. Also As concentrations in sediments near the tailing dams were about 1100.0 ㎎/㎏, which is considered as very polluted level. Pollution indices of the sediment at the mid, down stream of Limkae stream where AMD of the abandoned mines was flowed into main stream were in the ranges of 2.0 to 19.2. On the other hand, those at the mid stream where effluents from tailing dams and metal abandoned mines flowed into main stream were in the ranges of 15.5 to 20.7. However. those at the lower stream were ranged from 0.0 to 0.7. These results indicated that mining wastes such as AMD and effluents from the abandoned mines tailing dams were the major source to sediment pollution at the Limkae stream areas.
Principles of the impedance technique (1989)

A simplified treatment of the electrical impedance of biological tissues is presented, examining the sources of impedance changes and the requirements for recording these changes. The author covers small electrodes, simple models, resistivity of blood, the reactive component in bioimpedance, the use of bioadmittance, the use of the finite-element technique and impedance matching.
Evaluation of the Hybrid Artificial Pancreas in Diabetic Dogs (1992)

Immunoisolation of nonsyngeneic tissue using a selectively permeable membrane is designed to facilitate transplantation without the use of immunosuppression. The authors' studies have evaluated a hybrid artificial pancreas device that is implanted as an arteriovenous vascular shunt. Devices containing allogeneic or xenogeneic islets were implanted in diabetic dogs who had undergone pancreatectomies, and the devices eliminated the requirement for exogenous insulin for control of fasting glycemia in 11 animals for periods ranging from 1 to 8 months. Furthermore, unseeded devices in normal dogs have been shown to remain patent for over 2 years with low doses of aspirin as the only anticoagulant. These results indicate that this approach has potential as a therapy for diabetes.
Electromagnetically Induced Focused Heat in the Treatment of Surgically Created Aneurysm Models (1987)

A hand-held radiofrequency (rf) probe of a novel design based on the principle of the induced current convergence was used to treat aneurysm models using focused hyperthermia. Aneurysms were created surgically in rats by a side-to-side anastomosis between the inferior vena cava and the abdominal aorta or by grafting a donor abdominal aorta from one rat onto the abdominal aorta of another rat. Aneurysms were treated by inserting the 0.3-mm diameter probe tip into the fundus and applying the power for brief periods (0.5-1.5 sec) using a foot pedal. Collapse of the fundus was observed as the result of the heat-induced thrombosis. Thermal distribution in the immediate vicinity of the probe as well as the heating rate were measured in a uniformly dielectric phantom and in rat vessels. The aneurysms were histologically examined immediately, three days, and three weeks after the treatment. Complete obliteration of the aneurysms and patency of the parent arteries were confirmed. Partial integrity of the vessels around the lesion was also confirmed.
Survival of U.S. Sugar Beet Plants from 1897 to 2011 (2014)

ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to identify determinants that influence sugar beet plant survival. Important determinants identified from the literature are hypothesized to include capacity, market concentration, ownership, government policies, and historical industry events unique to this industry. As suggested by industrial organization theory, plants with greater capacity and multi‐plant firms have lower rates of closure. Likewise, the use of a high tariff on imports of refined sugar, the use of quotas on imports of sugar from various countries, and a price support program that encouraged plants to become more cost efficient have lessened the rates of closure.
Perylene Bisimide Based Macrocycles: Effective Probes for the Assessment of Conformational Effects on Optical Properties (2004)

Conformation-dependent tuning of color: Starting from aryloxy-substituted perylene bisimides two isomeric diagonally (A) and laterally (B) bridged macrocycles were synthesized (see picture) for three different bridge lengths. These isomers comprise different conformational features and can, therefore, be used as molecular probes to deduce the conformational influence on the optical properties of this important class of fluorophores in solution.
The trigeminal ganglion is a location for equine herpesvirus 1 latency and reactivation in the horse (1994)

Four specific pathogen-free ponies were infected intranasally with equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and two were similarly infected with an EHV-1 thymidine kinase deletion mutant. The primary infections were characterized by a transient fever accompanied by virus shedding into nasal mucus and viraemia. No virus was detected in clinical specimens after 15 days post-infection. Two months later a reactivation stimulus was administered to all six ponies and only the four that had been previously inoculated with wild-type EHV-1 shed virus into nasal mucus (for 10 days), proving the presence of a latent infection. No recurrence of viraemia was observed. The animals were monitored for a further 6 weeks and were consistently shown to be free from infectious virus. Tissues were then obtained postmortem. Co-cultivation of explanted trigeminal ganglia from two out of the four ponies that carried the wild-type virus yielded cultures positive for infectious virus. Apart from nasal epithelium, no infectious virus was recovered from any other tissue. PCR confirmed the presence of virus DNA in the ganglia from all six ponies. Lymphoid tissues also yielded positive signals using this technique. The relevance of virus detection by PCR in lymphoid and neural tissues is discussed in relation to the potential for reactivation of latent virus in the host. However, evidence is presented to show that EHV-1 is neurotropic and, in common with other members of the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily, establishes latency in sensory ganglia from which virus can be reactivated.
아동，청소년 상담 : 청소년의 역기능적 심리특성과 사이버 관련 비행의 관계모형 검증 -인터넷 중독을 매개변인으로- (2006)

본 연구는 청소년의 역기능적 심리특성인 충동성 및 공격성, 우울과 그들의 인터넷 중독 및 사이버관련 비행과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 충동성 및 공격성, 우울을 예언변인으로, 사이버 관련 비행을 준거변인으로, 인터넷 중독을 매개변인으로 수행되었다. 분석대상은 광주광역시에 소재한 2개의 중학교 학생 503명과 4개의 고등학교 학생 462명으로 전체 965명이다. 본 연구는 인터넷 중독을 매개변인으로 하여 충동성, 공격성, 우울, 사이버 관련 비행과의 관계모형을 검증하기 위하여 AMOS를 이용한 공변량 구조분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 충동성 및 공격성은 인터넷 중독과 사이버 관련 비행에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 우울은 인터넷 중독에는 직접적인 영향을 미쳤지만 사이버관련 비행에는 의미 있는 영향을 미치지 못했다. 인터넷 중독은 충동성 및 공격성, 우울과 사이버관련 비행과의 관계에서 매개효과를 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 청소년의 사이버 관련 비행에 대한 시사점과 후속연구를 위한 제언을 개진하였다.
Halsbrytande och träffsäker satir från apartheids sista dagar : Ivan Vladislavic, Snabbköpet Rastlös (2008)

Halsbrytande och traffsaker satir fran apartheids sista dagar : Ivan Vladislavic, Snabbkopet Rastlos
Neural Adaptation Layers for Cross-domain Named Entity Recognition (2018)

Recent research efforts have shown that neural architectures can be effective in conventional information extraction tasks such as named entity recognition, yielding state-of-the-art results on standard newswire datasets. However, despite significant resources required for training such models, the performance of a model trained on one domain typically degrades dramatically when applied to a different domain, yet extracting entities from new emerging domains such as social media can be of significant interest. In this paper, we empirically investigate effective methods for conveniently adapting an existing, well-trained neural NER model for a new domain. Unlike existing approaches, we propose lightweight yet effective methods for performing domain adaptation for neural models. Specifically, we introduce adaptation layers on top of existing neural architectures, where no re-training using the source domain data is required. We conduct extensive empirical studies and show that our approach significantly outperforms stateof-the-art methods.
Quality Characteristics and Storage Stability of Bread with Cabbage Powder (2012)

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing conditions, storage, and irradiation characteristics by two different amounts of cabbage powder and water in bread prepared with cabbage powder. A significant increase or decrease in dough pH (p<0.01), sweetness (p<0.05), water content (p<0.001), L-value (p<0.01), a-value (p<0.001), b-value (p<0.001), hardness (p<0.05), springiness, and chewiness (p<0.05) was observed. Sensory measurements showed a significant improvement in appearance, flavor, color, taste (p<0.05), texture, moisture (p<0.01), and overall quality (p<0.05). As a result, the optimum formulation obtained by numerical and graphical methods was 37.04 g cabbage powder and 385.3 g water. The optimized and control breads were irradiated and their DPPH radical scavenging activities and total plate counts were evaluated over 6 days. The result showed the antioxidant and antibiotic action of the bread with cabbage powder.
Fast, Scalable Synchronization with Minimal Hardware Support (Extended Abstract). (1993)

This paper concerns synchronization under read/write atomicity in shared memory multiprocessors. We present a new algorithm for N-process mutual exclusion that requires only read and write operations and that has O(log² N ) time complexity, where &quot;time&quot; is measured by counting remote memory references. The time complexity of this algorithm is better than that of all prior solutions to the mutual exclusion problem that are based upon atomic read and write instructions; in fact, the time complexity of most prior solutions is unbounded. Performance studies are presented that show that our mutual exclusion algorithm exhibits scalable performance under heavy contention. In the second part of the paper, we discuss two extensions of our mutual exclusion algorithm. In the first extension, we modify the algorithm so that in the absence of conte...
Dendritic Cell Synthesis of C3 Is Required for Full T Cell Activation and Development of a Th1 Phenotype (2006)

Previous studies have found that deficiency of complement component C3 is associated with reduced T cell responses in several disease models including viral infection, autoimmune disease, and transplantation. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) are able to synthesize C3 and this synthesis is required for the capacity of DCs to stimulate alloreactive T cell responses in vitro and in vivo. Compared with C3-producing DCs, C3-nonproducing DCs exhibit reduced potency to stimulate an alloreactive T cell response, favor the polarization of CD4(+) T cells toward Th2 phenotype, and have regulatory T cell-driving capacity. In addition, priming mice with C3-deficient DCs compared with wild-type DCs led to delayed skin allograft rejection. Our findings that nonproduction of C3 by DCs significantly reduced T cell stimulation and impaired allograft rejection provide a potentially important explanation of how C3-deficient mice develop reduced T cell responses and of how C3-deficient donor kidney is protected from T cell-mediated graft rejection.
Functional Analysis in Type Ia Group B Streptococcusof a Cluster of Genes Involved in Extracellular Polysaccharide Production by Diverse Species of Streptococci (2001)

Several species of streptococci produce extracellular polysaccharides in the form of secreted exopolysaccharides or cell-associated capsules. Although the biological properties and repeating unit structures of these polysaccharides are diverse, sequence analysis of the genes required for their production has revealed a surprising degree of conservation among five genes found in the capsule gene cluster of each of several polysaccharide-producing streptococci. To determine the function of these conserved genes, we characterized a series of isogenic mutants derived from a wild-type strain of type Ia group B Streptococcus by selectively inactivating each gene. Inactivation of cpsIaE resulted in an acapsular phenotype, consistent with previous work that identified the cpsIaE product as the glycosyltransferase that initiates synthesis of the polysaccharide repeating unit. Mutants in cpsIaA, cpsIaB, cpsIaC, or cpsIaD produced type Ia capsular polysaccharide, but in reduced amounts compared with the wild type. Analysis of the mutant polysaccharides and of capsule gene transcription in the mutant strains provided evidence that cpsIaA encodes a transcriptional activator that regulates expression of the capsule gene operon. Mutants in cpsIaC or cpsIaD produced polysaccharide of reduced molecular size but with an identical repeating unit structure as the wild-type strain. We conclude that CpsA to -D are not required for polysaccharide repeating unit biosynthesis but rather that they direct the coordinated polymerization and export of high molecular weight polysaccharide.
DETERMINISTIC ASPECTS OF FREEWAY OPERATIONS AND CONTROL (1965)

THE MOST VIGOROUS ATTEMPT TO ELIMINATE TRAFFIC CONGESTION WAS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FREEWAY, A CONCEPT BASED ON /1/ THE REDUCTION OF VEHICLE-TO-VEHICLE CONFLICTS, /2/ ELIMINATION OF VEHICLE-TO-PEDESTRIAN CONFLICTS, AND /3/ ELIMINATION OF DELAY-PRODUCING TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES. STILL, PRACTICALLY ALL MAJOR CITIES ARE TROUBLED WITH SEVERE PEAK HOUR CONGESTION ON NEWLY COMPLETED FREEWAYS. THE AUTOMATIC EVALUATION OF FREEWAY TRAFFIC FLOW WILL BE A VITAL ELEMENT OF ANY FUTURE CONTROL SYSTEM. ESSENTIAL TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF FREEWAY CONTROL TECHNIQUES IS THE DETERMINATION OF SUITABLE CONTROL PARAMETERS. A NUMBER OF DESCRIPTIVE THEORIES OF VEHICULAR TRAFFIC HAVE BEEN PUT FORWARD. THE DETERMINISTIC MODELS OF TRAFFIC FLOW ARE REVIEWED WHICH INCLUDE CONTINUOUS FLOW MODELS AND INDIVIDUAL VEHICLE MODELS WHICH DESCRIBE THE MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC PROPERTIES, RESPECTIVELY, OF THE TRAFFIC FLOW PHENOMENA. THE APPLICABILITY OF THESE DETERMINISTIC MODELS TO FREEWAY TRAFFIC WAS TESTED ON THE GULF FREEWAY IN HOUSTON , TEXAS. TIME-LAPSE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WITH A 60% OVERLAP WAS UTILIZED TO INSURE A GIVEN POINT ON THE FREEWAY APPEARING ON THREE CONSECUTIVE PHOTOS. REGRESSION ANALYSES BASED ON THE MACROSCOPIC HYPOTHESES ARE SUMMARIZED IN A TABLE. THE MICROSCOPIC ANALYSES WERE INCONCLUSIVE.
Two-dimensional carrier profiling with sub-nm resolution using SSRM: From basic concept to TCAD calibration and device tuning (2009)

We present some recent studies demonstrating that the scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) technique is a good candidate for the 2D calibration of process/device simulators as it offers a unique combination of spatial resolution and of sensitivity. HV-SSRM (high vacuum SSRM) is a new and promising improvement of the classical SSRM technique presenting an enhanced resolution and a better signal to noise ratio. Within this study, we have shown that HV-SSRM could be successfully used to calibrate classical process simulations for 65 nm technology node devices. It can of course also be used for the most recent technology nodes as shown also in this paper. Its correlation with KMC leads to useful information with regard of process developments, (i.e. the underdiffusion and the activation level of the extension implants, the position and the shape of the pocket implants,...) In the coming years, as processes and process models are becoming increasingly complex, 2D calibration will be growingly required for their calibration. HV-SSRM appears as a perfect candidate to fulfill this challenge.
Novel concept of GRIN optical systems for high resolution microendoscopy: Part 1. Physical aspects (2007)

Confocal and multi-photon imaging systems are currently miniaturized to fit them to endoscopic size requirements of probe diameters often less than 2.8 mm. High resolution in lateral dimensions of less than 1 micron and in axial dimensions of less than 10 microns is desired to resolve sub-cellular details of in-vivo tissue. GRIN rod lens systems have been widely used as high numerical aperture objectives in these applications because of their small size, good image quality and favourable geometry with plane optical surfaces, which allows easy assembly. Image generation has been enabled by combination with coherent imaging fiber bundles, GRIN relay lenses and scanning single fibers or photonic band gap fibers. With previous GRIN systems of maximum NA of 0.50, a resolution limit laterally of approx. 1.0 micron and axially of 5.5 to 10 microns was obtained in the case of two-photon excitation. Here, we introduce a novel concept of a GRIN lens objective system with significantly higher NA yielding resolution improved by a factor of two (lateral) and four (axial). The image quality of initial 1.0 mm GRIN components will be characterized by the signal analysis of 0.2 micron fluorescent beads in the multi-photon scheme and by conventional image tests using test grids with transmitting illumination. Potentials for further miniaturization and for changing the direction of view will be discussed.
Telomerase Template Antagonist GRN163L Disrupts Telomere Maintenance, Tumor Growth, and Metastasis of Breast Cancer (2006)

These results show in vivo effectiveness of GRN163L in breast cancer and support its promising clinical potential for breast cancer treatment.
Low-Complexity MIMO Data Detection using Seysen's Lattice Reduction Algorithm (2007)

Lattice reduction (LR) is a powerful technique for improving the performance of suboptimum MIMO data detection methods. For LR-assisted data detection, the LLL algorithm has been considered almost exclusively so far. In this paper, we propose and develop the application of Seysen's algorithm (SA) to LR-assisted MIMO detection, and we show that the SA is a promising alternative to the LLL algorithm. Specifically, the SA outperforms the LLL algorithm in that it finds better lattice bases for MIMO systems of practical interest, which is reflected by an improved performance of SA-assisted detectors relative to their LLL-assisted counterparts. We present an efficient implementation of the SA whose per-iteration complexity is linear in the number of antennas, and we demonstrate that the SA requires significantly fewer iterations than the LLL algorithm.
Polymerase chain reaction for the detection of bacteremia. (2001)

Analysis of blood by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a more rapid and sensitive method to detect bacteremia than blood culture. The PCR was performed on blood obtained from patients during blood culture draws and on blood from normal volunteers. Eighty-seven patients provided 125 blood samples for blood culture comparison with PCR. Specific PCR primers for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli that targeted conserved regions common to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were used. Selective stringency conditions identified other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The blood culture agreed with the PCR in 93 of the 125 patient specimens (74%). In 29 of these specimens the PCR was positive yet the blood culture was negative. When clinical information was included with positive blood culture to define sepsis in these patients and their specimens were added to the positive blood cultures the statistical accuracy of PCR was 93 per cent. Only three of the 78 specimens with negative PCR had positive blood cultures. The PCR was negative in all but one of the 50 volunteers. PCR is more sensitive than blood culture, and it can quickly rule out bacteremia.
Assembly tolerance requirements for photonics packaging of multi-cell laser power converters (2012)

Power over fiber or photonic power is an attractive alternative for powering remote sensors in electromagnetically sensitive environments. Compared to energy harvesting, it can deliver uninterrupted energy in larger amounts (up to few hundreds of milliwatts) to enable more elaborate sensing, computation or even actuation along with continuous communication requirements. From the photonic packaging perspective, the passive fiber chip coupling becomes a challenge, since non-uniform illumination causes changes in the series resistance of individual cells and varying current-voltage characteristics. The paper at hand characterizes multi-cell laser power converters in depth and describes the integral coupling efficiency from 3D spatial mapping of its maximum power point. Besides the scans for the series connected cells, individual contributions of the segments are studied by single cell characterization to discover intra-individual deviations of cell resistance and conversion efficiency, which might affect the optimal power distribution. Moreover, the spatial responsivity distribution of individual cells, depending on different finger electrode and bus bar configurations. The measurements ultimately yield an assembly tolerance analysis for passive photonic packaging of multi-cell laser power converters. The results are well suited to optimize the packaging process as well as predict the expected device performance.
Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase. 3. 4,6-Diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1-(2-substituted-phenyl)-s-triazine inhibition of bovine liver and mouse tumor enzymes (1980)

Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase from bovine liver and murine L5178YR-C3 tumor cells has been examined for a series of 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1-(2-X-phenyl)-s-triazines. For both enzymes all 2-X substituents cause a decrease in inhibitory activity relative to X = H, with the notable exception of X = SH which is 7.4-12 times as active as X = H. Although there is a high correlation between the activities of these compounds vs. these two enzymes, significant deviations from this correlation for three of the triazines (X = CF3, CH2CN, and Cl) suggest that (a) there may exist significant differences in the two enzymes and their interactions with these triazines and (b) exploitation of such differences might allow for the selective inhibition of enzyme from tumor cells.