gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Borph: an operating system for fpga-based reconfigurable computers (2007)

Reconfigurable computing is a promising technology to meet future computational demand by leveraging flexibilities and the high degree of parallelism found in reconfigurable hardware fabrics, such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). However, despite their promising performance researchers have demonstrated, reconfigurable computers are yet to be widely adopted. One reason is the lack of a common and intuitive operating system for these platforms. 
This dissertation work explores the design and implementation trade-offs of an operating system for FPGA-based reconfigurable computers, BORPH, the Berkeley Operating system for ReProgrammable Hardware. The goal of this work is to explore and demonstrate the feasibility of providing a systematic and easy to understand view into reconfigurable computers through OS support without incurring significant performance penalties. 
BORPH provides kernel support for FPGA applications by extending a standard Linux operating system. It establishes the notion of hardware process for executing user FPGA applications. Users therefore compile and execute hardware designs on FPGA resources the same way they run software programs on conventional processor-based systems. BORPH offers run-time general file system support to hardware processes as if they were software. The unified file interface allows hardware and software processes to communicate via standard UNIX file pipes. Furthermore, a virtual file system is built to allow access to memories and registers defined in the FPGA, providing communication links between hardware and software. 
The functions of BORPH are demonstrated on a BEE2 compute module. Performances of BORPH are measured to identify bottlenecks of our system. The clean OS kernel/user separation of BORPH has allowed us to improve overall system performance without affecting existing user designs. Furthermore, BORPH's unified runtime environment has enabled designers to make fair and end-to-end comparisons among software/hardware implementations of the same application. Most importantly, since the introduction of BORPH to our FPGA-based platform, we have observed increased productivity among high-level application developers who have little experience in FPGA application design.
DETOUR: Delay- and Energy-Aware Multi-Path Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (2007)

Streaming real-time applications require the timely distribution of information in mobile ad-hoc and sensor networks. At the same time, such networks must operate energy-efficiently to maximize the lifetime of mobile devices and applications. In multi-hop networks, multiple communication paths between a single sender and receiver can be established, with varying real-time and energy characteristics of each path. This paper introduces the DETOUR (Delay- and Energy- aware mulTi- cOUrse Routing) protocol that applies feedback-driven path diversification, where traffic load is balanced across two or more paths to ensure both timeliness and energy-efficiency. We apply the (m,k) model for firm real-time communication to wireless networks, i.e., the protocol aims to meet at least m end-to- end deadlines out of k packet transmissions, thereby sacrificing additional improvement in latency in order to maximize the lifetime of the network by minimizing energy consumption. The experimental results of this paper show the protocols ability to reduce energy consumptions (up to 35%) while meeting the data streams firm real-time constraints.
Deep Residual Network for Sound Source Localization in the Time Domain (2018)

This study presents a system for sound source localization in time domain using a deep residual neural network. Data from the linear 8 channel microphone array with 3 cm spacing is used by the network for direction estimation. We propose to use the deep residual network for sound source localization considering the localization task as a classification task. This study describes the gathered dataset and developed architecture of the neural network. We will show the training process and its result in this study. The developed system was tested on validation part of the dataset and on new data capture in real time. The accuracy classification of 30 m sec sound frames is 99.2%. The standard deviation of sound source localization is 4°. The proposed method of sound source localization was tested inside of speech recognition pipeline. Its usage decreased word error rate by 1.14% in comparison with similar speech recognition pipeline using GCC-PHAT sound source localization.
Towards Tracking Data Flows in Cloud Architectures (2020)

As cloud services become central in an increasing number of applications, they process and store more personal and business-critical data. At the same time, privacy and compliance regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the EU ePrivacy regulation, and the upcoming EU Cybersecurity Act raise the bar for secure processing and traceability of critical data. Especially the demand to provide information about existing data records of an individual and the ability to delete them on demand is central in privacy regulations. Common to these requirements is that cloud providers must be able to track data as it flows across the different services to ensure that it never moves outside of the legitimate realm, and it is known at all times where a specific copy of a record that belongs to a specific individual or business process is located. However, current cloud architectures do neither provide the means to holistically track data flows across different services nor to enforce policies on data flows. In this paper, we point out the deficits in the data flow tracking functionalities of major cloud providers by means of a set of practical experiments. We then generalize from these experiments introducing a generic architecture that aims at solving the problem of cloud-wide data flow tracking and show how it can be built in a Kubernetes-based prototype implementation.
Direct Amination of Bio‐Alcohols Using Ammonia (2013)

Abstract A slightly adapted catalyst system has been successfully applied in the direct amination of primary and secondary alcohols. Moreover, the applicability to diols has been shown, giving high selectivity towards the primary diamines. It was found that the Ru/P ratio as well as the amount of ammonia used are highly important in this system, especially for higher substrate loadings. The catalyst was employed on a larger batch scale for the conversion of isomannide to the corresponding diamine. Additionally, it was shown that the catalyst is stable for at least six consecutive runs. No significant loss of activity and selectivity was observed.
Suppression of Human Growth Hormone Secretion by Melatonin and Cyproheptadine (1974)

Pituitary growth hormone (GH) release in the rat is stimulated via serotoninergic pathways and can be inhibited by treatment with compounds that act as serotonin antagonists, such as cyproheptadine or the pineal gland hormone, melatonin. To investigate a possible role for serotonin in the control of human GH release, the effects of cyproheptadine and melatonin administration on the GH responses of normal male subjects were examined. The oral administration of cyproheptadine (8-12 mg daily for 5 days) to normal subjects reduced their GH responses to both insulin-induced hypoglycemia and physical exercise to a highly significant extent. Similarly, the mean GH responses of 10 subjects to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were significantly reduced after the prior oral administration of melatonin (1 g). The data presented show that serotonin antagonism has a similar effect on GH secretion in man to that observed in the rat and provides further evidence for serotoninergic, and possibly pineal, involvement in the control of human GH secretion.
Automated analysis system for coupled .delta.13C and .delta.15N measurements (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAutomated analysis system for coupled .delta.13C and .delta.15N measurementsBrian. Fry, Willi. Brand, F. J. Mersch, K. Tholke, and R. GarrittCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 3, 288–291Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00027a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00027a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views862Altmetric-Citations190LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study on Development of Torque and Angle Sensor for EPS (2012)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, we will present a torque and angle sensor for use in electrical power steering (EPS) systems. The developed sensor has torsion angle sensing capabilities between the input and output shafts linked by a torsion bar as well as multi-turn angle sensing of the steering wheel. The sensor is technically based on inductive position sensing for torque measurement and magnetic position sensing for additional multi-turn angle measurement. Digital output single edge nibble transmission (SENT) and pulse width modulation (PWM) are applied to strengthen noise performance in an automotive environment and enhance diagnostic capabilities. The torque channel consists of two electrically isolated sensors that can function independently. The angle channel also has five redundancies using angle information from inductive and magnetic channels during operation, even though there is only one reference signal for initialization. These redundancies allow an electronic control unit (ECU) to crosscheck the sensor signals to detect faults inside the sensor or during data transmission. The sensor itself also has self-diagnostic functions that can check internal faults such as an open/short circuit on the printed circuit board or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) problems. Finally, sensor performances are evaluated using a dedicated function tester. The measured performances are sufficiently acceptable for stable control of EPS systems and good feeling for drivers.</div></div>
A Case Study of Parallel Bilateral Filtering on the GPU (2015)

Smoothing and noise reduction of images is often an important ﬁrst step in image processing applications. Simple image smoothing algorithms like the Gaussian ﬁlter have the unfortunate side eﬀect of blurring the image which could obfuscate important information and have a negative impact on the following applications. The bilateral ﬁlter is a well-used non-linear smoothing algorithm that seeks to preserve edges and contours while removing noise. The bilateral ﬁlter comes at a heavy cost in computational speed, especially when used on larger images, since the algorithm does a greater amount of work for each pixel in the image than some simpler smoothing algorithms. In applications where timing is important, this may be enough to encourage certain developers to choose a simpler ﬁlter, at the cost of quality. However, the time cost of the bilateral ﬁlter can be greatly reduced through parallelization, as the work for each pixel can theoretically be done simultaneously. This work uses Nvidia’s Compute Uniﬁed Device Architecture (CUDA) to implement and evaluate some of the most common and eﬀective methods for parallelizing the bilateral ﬁlter on a Graphics processing unit (GPU). This includes use of the constant and shared memories, and a technique called 1 x N tiling. These techniques are evaluated on newer hardware and the results are compared to a sequential version, and a naive parallel version not using advanced techniques. This report also intends to give a detailed and comprehensible explanation to these techniques in the hopes that the reader may be able to use the information put forth to implement them on their own. The greatest speedup is achieved in the initial parallelizing step, where the algorithm is simply converted to run in parallel on a GPU. Storing some data in the constant memory provides a slight but reliable speedup for a small amount of work. Additional time can be gained by using shared memory. However, memory transactions did not account for as much of the execution time as was expected, and therefore the memory optimizations only yielded small improvements. Test results showed 1 x N tiling to be mostly non-beneﬁcial for the hardware that was used in this work, but there might have been problems with the implementation.
High-throughput functional annotation and data mining with the Blast2GO suite (2008)

Functional genomics technologies have been widely adopted in the biological research of both model and non-model species. An efficient functional annotation of DNA or protein sequences is a major requirement for the successful application of these approaches as functional information on gene products is often the key to the interpretation of experimental results. Therefore, there is an increasing need for bioinformatics resources which are able to cope with large amount of sequence data, produce valuable annotation results and are easily accessible to laboratories where functional genomics projects are being undertaken. We present the Blast2GO suite as an integrated and biologist-oriented solution for the high-throughput and automatic functional annotation of DNA or protein sequences based on the Gene Ontology vocabulary. The most outstanding Blast2GO features are: (i) the combination of various annotation strategies and tools controlling type and intensity of annotation, (ii) the numerous graphical features such as the interactive GO-graph visualization for gene-set function profiling or descriptive charts, (iii) the general sequence management features and (iv) high-throughput capabilities. We used the Blast2GO framework to carry out a detailed analysis of annotation behaviour through homology transfer and its impact in functional genomics research. Our aim is to offer biologists useful information to take into account when addressing the task of functionally characterizing their sequence data.
Ath-2, a second gene determining atherosclerosis susceptibility and high density lipoprotein levels in mice. (1989)

Strain C57BL/6J and A/J differ at two genes determining atherosclerosis susceptibility. The first gene, Ath-1, was described earlier and this report characterizes Ath-2. The alleles at Ath-2 are r for resistance and s for susceptibility to atherosclerosis. The resistant phenotype in female mice is characterized by high plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (74 mg/dl +/- SEM 2) and very few lesions/mouse after 14 weeks of consumption of an atherogenic diet (0.1 +/- SEM 0.1 in a predetermined region of the aorta). The susceptible phenotype in female mice is characterized by low levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (35 mg/dl +/- SEM 1) and 1.2 lesions/mouse +/- SEM 0.2 in the same region of the aorta. In Ath-2 heterozygotes, resistance is dominant to susceptibility. Recombinant inbred strains derived from C57BL/6 and A were characterized for Apoa 1, Apoa 2 and susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Ath-1 and Ath-2 interact with each other so that resistant alleles at either locus confer a resistant phenotype to the animal. The map position of Ath-2 is not known, but Ath-2 does not map near genes determining the apolipoproteins for A-I, A-II, or E.
Influence of factor XIIIa activity on human whole blood clot lysis in vitro. (1987)

We studied the influence of Factor XIIIa (F XIIIa) activity on the lysis rate of fresh whole human blood clots, without using anticoagulants. Clotting was induced by exogenous thrombin, lysis by tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) added before clotting. After various periods of time, lysis rates were determined by measuring the radioactivity in the supernatant of the clot originating from 125I-Fibrinogen added before clotting. Lysis rates were determined in the presence of endogenous F XIIIa and compared with those obtained after specific inhibition of F XIIIa activity. We used an IgG fraction of an antiserum quenching the F XIIIa activity. Addition of increasing amounts of the antibodies to normal blood resulted in a dramatic increase in clot lysis rate, concomitant with loss of F XIII activity. Lysis of blood clots from a patient with a congenital, homozygous, functional alpha 2-Antiplasmin (alpha 2-AP) deficiency (alpha 2-AP-Enschede) was not or slightly increased by the anti F XIII antibodies indicating that fibrin-fibrin crosslinking per se does not contribute essentially to resistance of the blood clot against fibrinolysis. Both active alpha 2-AP and F XIIIa are required for the major part of the F XIII-dependent resistance of whole blood clots against lysis.
Biometric Recognition (2010)

Biometric recognition--the automated recognition of individuals based on their behavioral and biological characteristic--is promoted as a way to help identify terrorists, provide better control of access to physical facilities and financial accounts, and increase the efficiency of access to services and their utilization. Biometric recognition has been applied to identification of criminals, patient tracking in medical informatics, and the personalization of social services, among other things. In spite of substantial effort, however, there remain unresolved questions about the effectiveness and management of systems for biometric recognition, as well as the appropriateness and societal impact of their use. Moreover, the general public has been exposed to biometrics largely as high-technology gadgets in spy thrillers or as fear-instilling instruments of state or corporate surveillance in speculative fiction.Now, as biometric technologies appear poised for broader use, increased concerns about national security and the tracking of individuals as they cross borders have caused passports, visas, and border-crossing records to be linked to biometric data. A focus on fighting insurgencies and terrorism has led to the military deployment of biometric tools to enable recognition of individuals as friend or foe. Commercially, finger-imaging sensors, whose cost and physical size have been reduced, now appear on many laptop personal computers, handheld devices, mobile phones, and other consumer devices.Biometric Recognition: Challenges and Opportunities addresses the issues surrounding broader implementation of this technology, making two main points: first, biometric recognition systems are incredibly complex, and need to be addressed as such. Second, biometric recognition is an inherently probabilistic endeavor. Consequently, even when the technology and the system in which it is embedded are behaving as designed, there is inevitable uncertainty and risk of error. This book elaborates on these themes in detail to provide policy makers, developers, and researchers a comprehensive assessment of biometric recognition that examines current capabilities, future possibilities, and the role of government in technology and system development.
Surface metallic states in ultrathin Bi(001) films studied with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (2012)

Dynamical response of surface metallic states in single crystalline ultrathin Bi(001) films on Si(111) 7 × 7 surface was investigated at a spectral range of 0.1–12 THz by broadband terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The observed transmittance increased with a decrease in the thickness, without showing a gap structure. The measured complex dielectric dispersion was analyzed using a Drude model, and the plasma frequency (ωp) and damping constant (γ) were found to be inversely proportional to the thickness. The results strongly indicate the existence of surface metallic states, whose carrier density and damping constant are estimated to be 3.08 × 1019 cm−3 and 4.83 × 102 THz, respectively.
Nonlinear Observers—A State-of-the-Art Survey (1989)

The state-of-the-art of nonlinear state estimators or “observers” is reviewed. The use of these observers in real time nonlinear compensators is evaluated in terms of their on-line computational requirements. Their robustness properties are evaluated in terms of the extent to which the design requires a “perfect” model.
Development of a Virtual Controller Integrating Virtual and Physical CNC (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
SQUID-detected NMR in Earth's magnetic field (2008)

Under the highly homogeneous Earth's magnetic field (EMF), nuclear magnetic resonance experiments were performed utilizing a nitrogen-cooled superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The Larmor frequency fL of protons is around 2060 Hz in our environment. The sensitivity of our SQUID magnetometer in EMF reached about 70 fT/√Hz near this fL. Free induction decay curves were obtained with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The amplitude of the NMR signal agreed with the theoretical value. The 1H spectra of some samples, for instance, tap water, benzene, ethanol and toluene were studied. The hetero-nuclear J coupling spectrum of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol was clearly obtained. The influence of EMF fluctuations on the linewidth is also observed.
Extreme High-Performance n- and p-MOSFETs Boosted by Dual-Metal/High-k Gate Damascene Process using Top-Cut Dual Stress Liners on (100) Substrates (2007)

Extreme high-performance n- and pFETs are achieved as 1300 and 1000 uA/um at Ioff = 100 nA/um and Vdd = 1.0 V, respectively, by applying newly proposed booster technologies. The combination of top-cut dual-stress liners and damascene gate remarkably enhances channel stress especially for shorter gate lengths. High-Ion pFETs with compressive stress liners and embedded SiGe source/drain are performed by using ALD-TiN/HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> damascene gate stacks with Tinv = 1.4 nm on (100) substrates. On the other hand, nFETs with tensile stress liners are obtained by using HfSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> damascene gate stacks with Tinv =1.4 nm.