gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decentralized Utilization Control in Distributed Real-Time Systems (2006)

Many real-time systems must control their CPU utilizations in order to meet end-to-end deadlines and prevent overload. Utilization control is particularly challenging in distributed real-time systems with highly unpredictable workloads and a large number of end-to-end tasks and processors. This paper presents the decentralized end-to-end utilization control (DEUCON) algorithm that can dynamically enforce desired utilizations on multiple processors in such systems. In contrast to centralized control schemes adopted in earlier work, DEUCON features a novel decentralized control structure that only requires localized coordination among neighbor processors. DEUCON is systematically designed based on recent advances in distributed model predictive control theory. Both control-theoretic analysis and simulations show that DEUCON can provide robust utilization guarantees and maintain global system stability despite severe variations in task execution times. Furthermore, DEUCON can effectively distribute the computation and communication cost to different processors and tolerate considerable communication delay between local controllers. Our results indicate that DEUCON can provide scalable and robust utilization control for large-scale distributed real-time systems executing in unpredictable environments.
Isomerization Behavior of Azobenzene Chromophores Attached to the Side Chain of Organic Polymer in Organic−Inorganic Polymer Hybrids (1999)

Isomerization behavior of azobenzene chromophores in organic−inorganic polymer hybrids was investigated. Polymer hybrids were prepared from azobenzene-modified poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (POZO-A) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MeTMOS) or tetramethoxysilane (TMOS). Isomerization behavior in polymer hybrids was compared with that in DMSO solution or in films of POZO-A. Two kinds of model compounds were synthesized, and their isomerization behaviors were also examined. Photoinduced trans-to-cis isomerization took place in all samples. The cis isomer ratios in the photostationary state were found to be smaller in solid films than in solution. Especially, model compound having a triethoxysilyl group showed a markedly small cis isomer ratio. Thermal cis-to-trans isomerization was investigated kinetically. A distinct deviation from the first-order kinetics was observed in solid films.
Median Price Changes: An Alternative Approach to Measuring Current Monetary Inflation (1991)

Price movements are the channel through which market information is transmitted. An increase in one price relative to others is the signal that directs resources and rations consumption. In other words, markets operate through the distribution of prices.
Phospholipid scramblase 3 controls mitochondrial structure, function, and apoptotic response. (2003)

Phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLS3) is a newly recognized member of a family of proteins responsible for phospholipid translocation between two lipid compartments. To study PLS3 function in mitochondria, we disrupted its conserved calcium-binding motif yielding an inactive mutant PLS3(F258V). Cells transfected with PLS3(F258V) exhibited reduced proliferative capacity. Mitochondrial analysis revealed that PLS3(F258V)-expressing cells have decreased mitochondrial mass shown by lower cytochrome c and cardiolipin (CL) content, poor mitochondrial respiration, and reduced oxygen consumption and intracellular ATP; whereas wild-type PLS3-transfected cells exhibit increased mitochondrial mass and enhanced respiration. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the mitochondria in PLS3(F258V)-expressing cells have densely packed cristae and are fewer in number and larger than those in control cells. The abnormal mitochondrial metabolism and structure in PLS3(F258V)-expressing cells were associated with decreased sensitivity to UV- and tBid-induced apoptosis and diminished translocation of CL to the mitochondrial outer membrane. In contrast, wild-type PLS3-transfected cells displayed increased sensitivity to apoptosis and enhanced CL translocation. These studies identify PLS3 as a critical regulator of mitochondrial structure and respiration, and CL transport in apoptosis.
Resonance Marketing in the Age of the Truly Informed Consumer: Changes in Corporate Strategy Resulting from Changes in Customer Behavior (2008)

Information availability has increased consumers' informedness, the degree to which they know what is available in the marketplace, with precisely which attributes and at precisely what price. This informedness has altered the demand side of market behavior: customers discount heavily when comparable products are available from competitors and when products do not meet their wants, needs, cravings and longings, but no longer discount as heavily when purchasing unfamiliar products. Changes in the demand side are producing comparable changes in the supply side: firms earn less than their expectations when competing in traditional mass market fat spots, while earning far more than previously when entering newly created resonance marketing sweet spots. We trace the impact of hyper differentiation and resonance marketing on the structure of the supply side, with a clear progression from a limited number of fat spots, through reliance upon line extensions, and ultimately to fully differentiated market sweet spots.
Bioactive peptide design using the Resonant Recognition Model (2007)

With a large number of DNA and protein sequences already known, the crucial question is to find out how the biological function of these macromolecules is "written" in the sequence of nucleotides or amino acids. Biological processes in any living organism are based on selective interactions between particular bio-molecules, mostly proteins. The rules governing the coding of a protein's biological function, i.e. its ability to selectively interact with other molecules, are still not elucidated. In addition, with the rapid accumulation of databases of protein primary structures, there is an urgent need for theoretical approaches that are capable of analysing protein structure-function relationships. The Resonant Recognition Model (RRM) 12 is one attempt to identify the selectivity of protein interactions within the amino acid sequence. The RRM 12 is a physico-mathematical approach that interprets protein sequence linear information using digital signal processing methods. In the RRM the protein primary structure is represented as a numerical series by assigning to each amino acid in the sequence a physical parameter value relevant to the protein's biological activity. The RRM concept is based on the finding that there is a significant correlation between spectra of the numerical presentation of amino acids and their biological activity. Once the characteristic frequency for a particular protein function/interaction is identified, it is possible then to utilize the RRM approach to predict the amino acids in the protein sequence, which predominantly contribute to this frequency and thus, to the observed function, as well as to design de novo peptides having the desired periodicities. As was shown in our previous studies of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) peptidic antagonists 23 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope agonists 24, such de novo designed peptides express desired biological function. This study utilises the RRM computational approach to the analysis of oncogene and proto-oncogene proteins. The results obtained have shown that the RRM is capable of identifying the differences between the oncogenic and proto-oncogenic proteins with the possibility of identifying the "cancer-causing" features within their protein primary structure. In addition, the rational design of bioactive peptide analogues displaying oncogenic or proto-oncogenic-like activity is presented here.
The auxin conjugate 1-O-indole-3-acetyl- -D-glucose is synthesized in immature legume seeds by IAGlc synthase and may be used for modification of some high molecular weight compounds (2004)

Immature seeds of some dicotyledonous plants contain IAGlc synthase catalysing the synthesis of 1-O-IAGlc. This enzyme activity is comparable with 1-O-IAGlc synthase activity investigated earlier in liquid endosperm of Zea mays. Polyclonal antibodies against maize 1-O-IAGlc synthase cross-react with partially purified 1-O-IAGlc synthase from immature pea and rape seeds. Single immunoreactive bands were observed at a locus corresponding to 45.7 kDa and 43.7 kDa from pea and rape enzyme preparations, respectively, unlike that from the 50 kDa molecular mass of the maize enzyme. It was also observed that some high molecular weight compounds of pea seeds are labelled in vivo by [(14)C] IAA, and unlabelled 1-O-IAGlc inhibits that labelling. In immature pea seeds 43-49.8% of the IAA-modified high molecular weight compounds, obtained after ultracentrifugation, was found in the soluble fraction and 50.1-57% in the insoluble fraction. Ester-linked IAA accounted for about 6-9% and 38-45.6% in soluble and insoluble material, respectively, estimated after hydrolysis in 1 N NaOH. Enzymatic hydrolysis of IAA-labelled high molecular weight compounds gives free IAA and compound(s) corresponding to IAGlc isomers. These results suggest that 1-O-IAGlc synthesized in legume seeds may be used for the modification of some high molecular weight compounds.
Poor Glycemic Control is Associated with Increased Mortality in Critically Ill Trauma Patients (2007)

Glycemic control improves outcome in cardiac surgical patients and after myocardial infarction or stroke. Hyperglycemic predicts poor outcome in trauma, but currently no data exist on the effect of glycemic control in critically ill trauma patients. In our intensive care unit (ICU), we use a subcutaneous sliding scale insulin protocol to achieve glucose levels <140 mg/dL. We hypothesized that aggressive glycemic control would be associated with improved outcome in critically ill trauma patients. At our urban Level 1 trauma center, a retrospective study was conducted of all injured patients admitted to the surgical ICU >48 hours during a 6-month period. Data were collected for mechanism of injury, age, diabetic history, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and APACHE II score. All blood glucose levels, by laboratory serum measurement or by point-of-care finger stick, were collected for the entire ICU stay. Outcome data (mortality, ICU and hospital length of stay, ventilator days, and complications) were collected and analyzed. Patients were stratified by their preinjury diabetic history and their level of glucose control (controlled <140 mg/dL vs non-controlled > or =141 mg/dL) and these groups were compared. During the study period, 103 trauma patients were admitted to the surgical ICU >48 hours. Ninety (87.4%) were nondiabetic. Most (83.5%) sustained blunt trauma. The average age was 50 +/- 21 years, the average ISS was 22 +/- 12, and the average APACHE II was 16 +/- 9. The average glucose for the population was 128 +/-25 mg/dL. Glycemic control was not attained in 27 (26.2%) patients; 19 (70.4%) of these were nondiabetic. There were no differences in ISS or APACHE II for controlled versus non-controlled patients. However, non-controlled patients were older. Mortality was 9.09 per cent for the controlled group and was 22.22 per cent for the non-controlled group. Diabetic patients were older and less severely injured than nondiabetics. For nondiabetic patients, mortality was 9.86 per cent in controlled patients and 31.58 per cent in non-controlled patients (P < 0.05). Also, urinary tract infections were more prevalent and complication rates overall were higher in nondiabetic patients with noncontrolled glucose levels. Nonsurvivors had higher average glucose than survivors (P < 0.03). Poor glycemic control is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill trauma patients; this is more pronounced in nondiabetic patients. Age may be a factor in these findings. Subcutaneous sliding scale insulin alone may be inadequate to maintain glycemic control in older critically ill injured patients and in patients with greater physiologic insult. Prospective assessment is needed to further clarify the benefits of aggressive glycemic control, to assess the optimal mode of insulin delivery, and to better define therapeutic goals in critically ill, injured patients.
Ensuring electronic mail system delivery capability (2003)

Significant investments in resources have been focused on monitoring the communications links between networks to ensure connectivity. However, this attention typically focuses on communications infrastructure and not the business processes that the infrastructure was designed to facilitate. This paper examines the development and deployment of a system designed to monitor the flow of electronic mail within an organization and between it and critical external organizations. It outlines the significant issues that drove the evolution of the system from one based on a series of manual tests, to one based on a commercial off the shelf (COTS) software solution capable of automatically notifying support personnel of messaging delays. The corresponding evolution in customer expectations as system reliability improved is also examined.
A Part-time 'Working' Nation (2005)

Australia has achieved the lowest official unemployment rate in 28 years. The true level of labour market exclusion in this country and the prospects facing Australia's employed and working poor are highlighted.
Antibodies against the transferrin receptor block the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A new method for antigen‐specific negative selection <i>in vitro</i> (1985)

The induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for alloantigen in a primary mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) was used as a model system to study the potential usefulness of monoclonal antibodies directed against the murine transferrin receptor in eliminating antigen-activated T cells. Two monoclonal antibodies were used which are able to block the transferrin-mediated uptake of iron by growing cells. One of these antibodies is cytotoxic in the presence of complement (C). Treatment of MLC cells from control, uninhibited cultures with the cytotoxic anti-transferrin receptor antibody plus C completely knocked out all CTL effector activity showing that all of the effector cells expressed the receptor. However, surviving cells from such antibody-plus C-treated populations were not depleted of precursors since they were able to mount a strong CTL response to the original alloantigen upon restimulation. Blocking antibody against the transferrin receptor, in the absence of C, when present during the course of a primary MLC, completely inhibited the generation of effector CTL. Conditions were optimized such that antibody present during the course of the MLC could completely and specifically eliminate all antigen-activated T cells including precursors as assessed by secondary restimulation with the original, plus third-party antigens, in the absence of blocking antibody. This method for producing specifically unreactive T cell populations appears to be superior to previously described techniques.
Childhood precursors of adolescent drug use: a longitudinal analysis. (1992)

Childhood and adolescent intrapersonal and interpersonal influences on older adolescents' drug use were examined with an interactional approach. Data were obtained when subjects were 5-10, 13-18, and 15-20 years old. Latent-variable confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the fit of the variables to the latent constructs. Next, a structural model was hypothesized and tested to assess the influences of childhood and earlier adolescent factors on later adolescent drug use. Childhood aggression and parental sociopathy affected drug use in late adolescence. Unconventionality during early and middle adolescence had an important and pervasive impact on all aspects of middle and late adolescent functioning. Finally, both intrapersonal and interpersonal factors from childhood and early adolescence affected self-drug use during middle and late adolescence.
Resveratrol suppresses inflammatory responses in endometrial stromal cells derived from endometriosis: A possible role of the sirtuin 1 pathway (2013)

These opposing effects of SIRT1-related agents suggest that IL-8 release from the ESC is modulated through the SIRT1 pathway. Resveratrol may have the potential to ameliorate local inflammation in endometriomas.
Thickness dependence of the amplified spontaneous emission threshold and operational stability in poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) active waveguides (2012)

We investigate the thickness dependence of the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold and operational lifetime in air-poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)(PF8)-glass asymmetric active waveguides. We show that the ASE threshold decreases with the film thickness up to about 200 nm, and increases for higher thicknesses. The ASE operational lifetime increases with the thickness up to about 300 nm, and it is almost thickness independent for higher thickness. We show that the observed results are related to the guided mode confinement in the waveguide and to the spatial overlap between the guided modes and the excited region in the film.
Studies of Modified Hydrogen Storage Intermetallic Compounds Used as Fuel Cell Anodes (2011)

The possibility of substituting Pt/C with the hydrogen storage alloy MlNi3.6Co0.85Al0.3Mn0.3 as the anode active material of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system has been analyzed. The electrochemical properties indicate that a much more electrochemically active anode is obtained by impregnating the active material loaded anode in a Nafion proton conducting polymer. Such performance improvement might result from the increase of three-phase boundary sites or length in the gas diffusion electrode where the electrochemical reaction occurs. The experimental data revealed that the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) shows better results when the anode active material, MlNi3.6Co0.85Al0.3Mn0.3, is treated with a hot alkaline KBH4 solution, and then chemically coated with 3 wt.% Pd. The MEA with the aforesaid modification presents an enhanced surface capability for hydrogen adsorption, and has been studied by molecular beam-thermal desorption spectrometry.
Diabetes Responsive to Intravenous but Not Subcutaneous Insulin: Effectiveness of Aprotinin (1981)

Patients with diabetes that is insensitive to subcutaneous insulin but sensitive to intravenous insulin have recently been described. We have studied this phenomenon is five female diabetics (14 to 31 years of age) who required excessive amounts of insulin (2.5 to 30.0 units per kilogram of body weight per day) to avoid recurrent ketoacidosis. Known causes of insulin resistance were excluded. All patients had normal responses to conventional doses of intravenous insulin (0.35 to 0.9 unit per kilogram per day). Four patients required continuous intravenous infusion of insulin for one to six months. When a mixture of aprotinin (a protease inhibitor) and regular porcine insulin was given subcutaneously, conventional doses (0.7 to 1.4 units per kilogram per day) produced euglycemia; plasma levels of free insulin rose, and ketonuria disappeared. Four patients had episodes of spontaneous, severe hypoglycemia before and during aprotinin therapy, necessitating continuous infusion of glucose for two to 14 days. Although no insulin was administered, hyperinsulinemia (50 to 2000 muU of free insulin per milliliter [359 to 14,350 pmol per liter]) was present. These findings suggest excessive degradation or sequestration of insulin at the site of injection.
Endocannabinoid tone versus constitutive activity of cannabinoid receptors (2011)

This review evaluates the cellular mechanisms of constitutive activity of the cannabinoid (CB) receptors, its reversal by inverse agonists, and discusses the pitfalls and problems in the interpretation of the research data. The notion is presented that endogenously produced anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) serve as autocrine or paracrine stimulators of the CB receptors, giving the appearance of constitutive activity. It is proposed that one cannot interpret inverse agonist studies without inference to the receptors' environment vis-à-vis the endocannabinoid agonists which themselves are highly lipophilic compounds with a preference for membranes. The endocannabinoid tone is governed by a combination of synthetic pathways and inactivation involving transport and degradation. The synthesis and degradation of 2-AG is well characterized, and 2-AG has been strongly implicated in retrograde signalling in neurons. Data implicating endocannabinoids in paracrine regulation have been described. Endocannabinoid ligands can traverse the cell's interior and potentially be stored on fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs). Molecular modelling predicts that the endocannabinoids derived from membrane phospholipids can laterally diffuse to enter the CB receptor from the lipid bilayer. Considering that endocannabinoid signalling to CB receptors is a much more likely scenario than is receptor activation in the absence of agonist ligands, researchers are advised to refrain from assuming constitutive activity except for experimental models known to be devoid of endocannabinoid ligands.
TCP/IP networking Architecture, Administration and Programming (1994)

I. ARCHITECTURE. 1. Internetworking with TCP/IP. 2. The Worldwide Internet. 3. TCP/IP Architecture. 4. TCP/IP Addressing. II. APPLICATION LAYER PROTOCOLS AND SERVICES. 5. Application Services. 6. Network File System. 7. Domain Name System. III. TRANSPORT LAYER PROTOCOLS. 8. User Datagram Protocol. 9. Transmission Control Protocol. IV. INTERNET LAYER PROTOCOLS. 10. Internet Protocol. 11. ARP and RARP Address Resolution. 12. Internet Control Message Protocol. 13. Routing Protocols. V. INTERNET ADMINISTRATION. 14. Network Management. 15. Installation and Administration. 16. Troubleshooting. VI. CLIENT-SERVER PROGRAMMING. 17. Client-Server Computing. 18. TCP/IP Programming Fundamentals. 19. Socket Programming. 20. Remote Procedure Call Programming. APPENDICES. A. Physical Network Technologies. B. OSF Distributed Computing Environment. C. Requests for Comments. Index.
Full-vectorial wave propagation in semiconductor optical bending waveguides and equivalent straight waveguide approximations (1998)

Device characteristics of optical polarization rotators are founded upon the vector properties of the Maxwell equations. Recently, a bending waveguide based polarization rotator has been proposed and demonstrated. To provide a rigorous basis for the analysis and design of this polarization rotator, the full-vectorial wave equations for both E/spl I.oarr/ and H/spl I.oarr/-field in bending waveguides are derived. It is found from these wave equations that under a broad range of circumstances, a bending waveguide can be analyzed using the equivalent straight waveguide approximation. Details of the model for optical polarization rotators, which is based on the coupled-mode theory, will be described in a companion paper.
An Efficient FPGA IP Core for Automatic Modulation Classification (2013)

This letter presents a new algorithm for automatic modulation classification (AMC) and its implementation and validation as an intellectual property (IP) core. AMC aims at accurately identifying the modulation scheme of a given communication system in a short period of time. The proposed IP core consists of a multiclass classifier composed by linear support vector machines and a new parameter extraction (front end) based on histograms. Based on its VHDL implementation and validation using FPGAs, the performance of the proposed system is compared with respect to accuracy and computational complexity to recently proposed AMC algorithms. The new AMC system does not require multipliers and achieves equivalent accuracy with respect to a baseline, while reducing by 50% and 90% the use of logic elements and memory, respectively.