gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation-based maximum power estimation (1996)

In this paper we consider estimation of maximum switching density in the context of power consumption and reliability. By using order statistics and nonparametric statistical methods, we obtain a relationship between the number of applied patterns, n, the estimated maximum power consumption, P/spl circ//sub max/, and the true maximum power consumption, P/sub max/. Experimental results for the ISCAS 85 benchmark circuits are provided to show the validity of our techniques.
Immunization of Pups with Maternally Derived Antibodies to Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Using a Modified‐Live Variant(CPV‐2b) (2000)

Summary The results of vaccination trials carried out on pups with maternally derived antibodies (MDA) to canine parvovirus (CPV), using a modified‐live CPV‐2b variant vaccine (29‐97/40 strain), are reported. The vaccine was able to overcome the obstacle of MDA, and to elicit protective immunity in 100% of the pups whose antibody titres were 1:10–1:40, 83% of the pups with titres of 1:80, 57% of the pups with titres of 1:160, and even in 60% of the pups with antibody titres of 1:320.
Activity of bacteria strains originaited from sewage sludge against some soil fungi (2004)

Abstract The potential biological activity of three bacterial strains against the four phytopathogens was examined. The bacterial strains were originated from sewage sludge water extract and from the humic acid solution obtained from the sewage sludge. The fresh bacteria cultures and filtered culture broth were used. The noncoated sugar beet seeds were coated by soaking for 15 min in the liquid culture of bacteria, then they were sown in the sterilized soil inoculated by one of the following types of soil fungus: Aphanomyces cochlioides L3, Phoma betas PH8, Pythium irregulare PIR4, Rhizoctonia solani Z10-2. The test proved that Bacillus amytoliquefaciens O1 / O3 and Flaviomonas oryzihabitans K1 / K2 showed antifungal activity on the artificial medium, but they were not able to effectively suppress fungal pathogens in the soil. The bacteria did not injure sugar beet roots, so they can be regarded as microorganisms that are not harmful to plants. It may be concluded that these bacteria have the potential to support antifungal activity of the humis acid and the sewage sludge extracts. Key Words: bacteriafungiphytopathogenssewage sludge
Changes in carotid artery intima-media thickness 3 years after cessation of menopausal hormone therapy: follow-up from the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (2018)

Cessation of MHT at the lower doses and formulations used in KEEPS did not appear to alter the trajectory of CIMT over a 3-year follow-up period. CIMT, however, increased in all groups over the entire 7-year timeframe as expected with age and timing of menopause possibly key contributors.
Traumatic brain injury (2011)

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Discovery of ABT-267, a Pan-Genotypic Inhibitor of HCV NS5A (2014)

We describe here N-phenylpyrrolidine-based inhibitors of HCV NS5A with excellent potency, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetics. Compounds with 2S,5S stereochemistry at the pyrrolidine ring provided improved genotype 1 (GT1) potency compared to the 2R,5R analogues. Furthermore, the attachment of substituents at the 4-position of the central N-phenyl group resulted in compounds with improved potency. Substitution with tert-butyl, as in compound 38 (ABT-267), provided compounds with low-picomolar EC50 values and superior pharmacokinetics. It was discovered that compound 38 was a pan-genotypic HCV inhibitor, with an EC50 range of 1.7-19.3 pM against GT1a, -1b, -2a, -2b, -3a, -4a, and -5a and 366 pM against GT6a. Compound 38 decreased HCV RNA up to 3.10 log10 IU/mL during 3-day monotherapy in treatment-naive HCV GT1-infected subjects and is currently in phase 3 clinical trials in combination with an NS3 protease inhibitor with ritonavir (r) (ABT-450/r) and an NS5B non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (ABT-333), with and without ribavirin.
Plasma levels of the proprotein convertase furin and incidence of diabetes and mortality (2018)

Individuals with high plasma furin concentration have a pronounced dysmetabolic phenotype and elevated risk of diabetes mellitus and premature mortality.
On the Key Role of Secondary Lymphoid Organs in Antiviral Immune Responses Studied in Alymphoplastic (<i>aly/aly</i>) and Spleenless (<i>Hox11−</i>/−) Mutant Mice (1997)

The role of the spleen and of other organized secondary lymphoid organs for the induction of protective antiviral immune responses was evaluated in orphan homeobox gene 11 knockout mice (Hox11(-/-)) lacking the spleen, and in homozygous alymphoplastic mutant mice (aly/aly) possessing a structurally altered spleen but lacking lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. Absence of the spleen had no major effects on the immune response, other than delaying the antibody response by 1-2 d. In aly/aly mice, the thymus-independent IgM response against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was delayed and reduced, whereas the T-dependent switch to the protective IgG was absent. Therefore, aly/aly mice were highly susceptible to VSV infection. Since aly/aly spleen cells yielded neutralizing IgM and IgG after adoptive transfer into recipients with normally structured secondary lymphoid organs, these data suggest that the structural defect was mainly responsible for inefficient T-B cooperation. Although aly/aly mice generated detectable, but reduced, CTL responses after infection with vaccinia virus (VV) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), the elimination of these viruses was either delayed (VV) or virtually impossible (LCMV); irrespective of the dose or the route of infection, aly/aly mice developed life-long LCMV persistence. These results document the critical role of organized secondary lymphoid organs in the induction of naive T and B cells. These structures also provide the basis for cooperative interactions between antigen-presenting cells, T cells, and B cells, which are a prerequisite for recovery from primary virus infections via skin or via blood.
Electrochemical Characterization of Activated Carbon‐Fiber Cloth Polarizable Electrodes for Electric Double‐Layer Capacitors (1990)

Electrochemical characterization has been carried out for two types of phenolic resin‐based activated carbon‐fiber cloths (ACFC)—ACFC(a) and (b)—as polarizable electrodes. The specific surface areas of ACFC(a) and ACFC(b) were 1630 and 1060 m2g−1, respectively. The differential capacitance of ACFC(a) in organic electrolyte, which was determined by cyclic voltammetry, was 113 F g−1 at 0.1V vs. SCE. The capacitive current of ACFC(a) was almost constant in the range between −1.5 and 1.5V vs. SCE at 25° and −25°C, while that of ACFC(b) decreased under cathodic polarization, especially at −25°C. In accordance with the result of cyclic voltammetry, the temperature dependence of capacitance in the electric double‐layer capacitors with ACFC(a) and an organic electrolyte was small, and that of the capacitors with ACFC(b) was large. It was found that the temperature dependence of the capacitors with ACFC and an organic electrolyte was mainly influenced by the pore size distribution of ACFC electrodes.
Discovery and Immunologic Validation of New Antigens for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines (2004)

Immunotherapy using both active and passive approaches is increasingly being used as a modality to treat human cancer. The last decade has seen a tremendous burst of activity in antigen discovery in cancer, and many new targets have now been identified for both monoclonal antibody therapy and active immunization. In addition, advances have been made in our understanding of the immune response against cancer and how new vaccine vectors, such as poxviruses, alphaviruses and bacterial vectors, can be used to overcome some of the traditional hurdles (e.g. self-tolerance and immune suppression in cancer patients) that have hindered the generation of effective antitumor immune responses. Improvements in genomics technology in the area of DNA microarrays and differential display and subtractive hybridization together with a new wave of mass spectrometry-based proteomics tools, as well as more sensitive assays to validate the immunoreactivity of new antigens, have all accelerated the rate of new antigen discovery in cancer. This rapid progress should initiate a major paradigm shift in how we treat cancer within the next 10 years, where, instead of being a novelty, the combination of targeted T cell-based vaccines and antiangiogenesis therapies will be routinely combined with traditional chemotherapy. The successful combination of these approaches will change the face of cancer from a relatively acute, life-threatening disease to a manageable chronic disorder with long survival times.
Expression of Calcium-permeable Cation Channel CD20 Accelerates Progression through the G1 Phase in Balb/c 3T3 Cells (1995)

CD20 is a transmembrane protein that functions as a Ca(2+)-permeable cation channel (Bubien, J. K., Zhou, L. J., Bell, P. D., Frizzel, R. A., and Tedder, T. F. (1993) J. Cell Biol. 121, 1121-1132) and is involved in growth regulation of B lymphocytes. In order to further investigate the role of calcium entry in cell cycle progression, we introduced the cDNA encoding a Ca(2+)-permeable cation channel, CD20, into Balb/c 3T3 cells. Balb/c 3T3 cells transfected with a vector containing cDNA encoding CD20 expressed the CD20 protein, which was detected by assaying the binding of a monoclonal antibody against CD20. Calcium-permeable cation channel activity was detected in CD20-expressing cells by whole cell patch clamp recording and microfluorometric determination of the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration using fura-2. The expression of CD20 induced significant alterations in the responses of the cells to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). IGF-I induced DNA synthesis by control cells only when they had been pretreated with both platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). In contrast, DNA synthesis by 30% of the quiescent CD20-expressing cells was initiated in response to IGF-I in the absence of priming with PDGF and EGF. When control quiescent cells were primed with PDGF and EGF, the addition of IGF-I led to the initiation of DNA synthesis after 14 h or more, whereas it induced DNA synthesis by CD20-expressing cells primed with PDGF and EGF 4 h earlier. The IGF-induced DNA synthesis was dependent on extracellular Ca2+, and expression of CD20 reduced the concentration of extracellular Ca2+ required for it. Furthermore, DNA synthesis by approximately 25% of the CD20-expressing cells was initiated after priming with PDGF and EGF, even in the absence of the progression factor IGF-I. These results indicate that CD20 expressed in Balb/c 3T3 cells functions as a constitutively active Ca(2+)-permeable cation channel and that expression of CD20 accelerates G1 progression in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner.
[Preliminary findings on 2 groups of diabetics with regard to platelet aggregation in relation to retinopathy and ultimate relation to antidiabetic therapy]. (1978)

Platelet clumping was examined in untreated insulin-dependent and insulin-independent diabetics, with and without retinopathy. Hyperaggregation was noted, particularly in subjects with retinopathy and longstanding diabetes. Metformin normalised clumping in the course of mild diabetes.
Chaotic phenomena in an LCR oscillator with a hysteresis inductor (1991)

An extremely simple LCR oscillator with a hysteresis inductor is analyzed. It is of great interest that this two-dimensional autonomous circuit generates chaos. This circuit is described by a second-order differential equation in a piecewise fashion. Therefore, the Poincare map can be derived as a one-dimensional map strictly. For this Poincare map the parameter region for which chaotic attractors are generated is obtained under the simple assumption that the definition of chaos is that the Poincare map possesses the unique absolutely continuous invariant measure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Protection against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Infection through Passive Transfer of PRRSV-Neutralizing Antibodies Is Dose Dependent (2007)

Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that passive transfer of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-neutralizing antibodies (NA) protected pregnant sows against reproductive failure and conferred sterilizing immunity in sows and offspring. We report here on the dose requirement for protection by passive transfer with NA in young weaned pigs. The presence of a 1:8 titer of PRRSV-NA in serum consistently protected pigs against viremia. Nevertheless, their lungs, tonsils, buffy coat cells, and peripheral lymph nodes contained replicating PRRSV similar to the infected control group. Likewise, these animals excreted infectious virus to sentinels similar to the infectivity control animals. In an attempt to reach complete protective immunity equivalent to that previously observed in sows, the pigs were transferred with a higher titer of PRRSV-NA (1:32), and even then apparent sterilizing immunity was attained in only 50% of the animals. In conclusion, the presence of anti-PRRSV-NA in serum with a titer of 1:8 is enough to block viremia but not peripheral tissue seeding and transmission to contact animals. While a relatively low level of NA in blood is capable of conferring sterilizing immunity against PRRSV in sows, the amount of NA necessary to obtain full protection of a young weaned pig would be significantly higher, suggesting that differences exist in the PRRSV pathogenesis between both age groups. In addition, the titer of NA could be a helpful parameter of protection in the assessment of PRRSV vaccines.
The Molecular Mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA on the Apoptosis and Arrest of Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells (2014)

TanIIA inhibits the growth of esophageal cancer cells and induces apoptosis in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner, possibly by affecting cell cycle- and apoptosis-related signaling pathways.
Rapid carrier and prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (1989)

Carrier and prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD and BMD) by DNA methods uses Southern blotting to detect either the informative segregation of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) or the absence of restriction fragments in affected males. Recently, the use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid detection of deletions in some affected males was reported eliminating the need for Southern blotting of 37% of all samples. This approach is not applicable, however, to non-deletion cases or for carrier diagnosis. The authors have used PCR for rapid analysis of intragenic RFLPs to permit both carrier and prenatal diagnosis in the majority of familial cases.
Diagnosis and surgical treatment of disabling positional vertigo (1986)

This report reviews the characteristic symptoms of disabling positional vertigo (DPV), and the tests used to reach a differential diagnosis of this disorder. Twenty-one patients were operated on consecutively for management of DPV between March, 1983, and September, 1984. In all patients one or more arteries or veins was found to be compressing the eighth cranial nerve when the nerve was exposed for microvascular decompression to relieve the symptoms of DPV. After the operation, 16 of the 21 patients were free of symptoms, or symptoms were so much improved that the patients returned to normal work or social life. Two patients had no improvement and three had limited relief of symptoms postoperatively. None of the patients experienced hearing loss as a result of the operation to relieve DPV, but one patient suffered a cerebellar contusion during the operation.
A statistical approach to diagnosing intermittent performance-problems using monotone relationships (1989)

Managing a computer system requires that good performance (e.g., large throughputs, small response times) be maintained in order to meet business objectives. Rarely is performance consistently bad. More frequently, performance is good one day and bad the next. Diagnosing such intermittent performance-problems involves determining what distinguishes bad days from good days, such as larger paging rates. Once this is understood, an appropriate remedy can be found, such as buying more memory. This paper describes a statistical approach to diagnosing intermittent performance-problems when the relationships among measurement variables are expressed qualitatively as monotone relationships (e.g., paging delays increase with the number of logged-on users). We present a non-parametric test for monotonicity (NTM) that evaluates monotone relationships based on F A , the fraction of observation-pairs that agree with the monotone relationship. An interpretation of F A in terms of statistical significance levels is presented, and NTM is compared to least-squares regression. Based on NTM, an algorithm for diagnosing intermittent performance-problems is presented. NTM and our diagnosis algorithm are applied to measurements of four similarly configured IBM 9370 model 60s running IBM's operating-system Virtual Machine System Product (VM SP).
The Spatial Frequency Response of Orthogonal Strip Detectors (1976)

The spatial frequency aliasing properties of orthogonal strip electrode, position sensing germanium detectors have been investigated both analytically and experimentally. The study demonstrates that alising is a property of strip electrode detectors but not necessarily a property of strip electrode cameras. Aliasing in gamma cameras can be eliminated using the collimator and spatial channel electronics as anti-aliasing spatial frequency filters. The system resolution of a strip electrode gamma camera is determined by the collimator resolution and the intrinsic detector resolution. The collimator resolution is a function of the source depth while the intrinsic detector resolution is a function of the strip width spacing and the spatial channel readout electronics. The elimination of aliasing limits the overall spatial resolution of a camera to 1.7 to 2.3 times the strip width spacing depending on readout technique. It should be noted that this is not the intrinsic detector resolution but rather the camera resolution at the source depth for which the collimator is designed. The spatial resolution at depth for first generation clinical germanium cameras is anticipated to be from 1.7 mm to 4.6 mm.
What limits the maximum output power of long-wavelength AlGaInAs/InP laser diodes? (2002)

We analyze the high-temperature continuous-wave performance of 1.3-/spl mu/m AlGaInAs/InP laser diodes grown by digital alloy molecular-beam epitaxy. Commercial laser software is utilized that self-consistently combines quantum-well bandstructure and gain calculations with two-dimensional simulations of carrier transport, wave guiding, and heat flow. Excellent agreement between simulation and measurements is obtained by careful adjustment of material parameters in the model. Joule heating is shown to be the main heat source; quantum-well recombination heat is almost compensated for by Thomson cooling. Auger recombination is the main carrier loss mechanism at lower injection current. Vertical electron escape into the p-doped InP cladding dominates at higher current and causes the thermal power roll-off. Self-heating and optical gain reduction are the triggering mechanisms behind the leakage escalation. Laser design variation is shown to allow for a significant increase in the maximum output power at high temperatures.
Regulation of acetylcholine release from neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells. (1978)

Neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 hybrid cells exposed to N6, O2'-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate for several days release [3H]acetylcholine in response to serotonin, prostaglandin F2alpha, KCl, or veratridine. NG108-15 cells grown in the absence of dibutyrul cyclic AMP do not respond to an excitatory stimulus by releasing [3H]acetylcholine but can be shifted to a responsive state by treatment with dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Thus, the reactions that are required for acetylcholine release can be regulated in NG108-15 cells, thereby regulating the ability of cells to form synapses and the efficiency of synaptic communication.
Effects of sputter etching and process techniqes on the properties of sputtered aluminum films (1979)

Aluminum and aluminum–silicon alloys are frequently used for silicon wafer metallization using dc magnetron high rate sputtering sources. Processes using these sputtering sources have been investigated with special emphasis on the coating properties of film resistivity, surface reflectivity, and step coverage. The major thrust of this work has been to improve these coating properties in the production processes of high rate, fully automatic coating systems, using sputter etching prior to wafer coating. This paper presents the results of these investigations. Coating reflectivity was found to be highly dependent on the release of adsorbed residual gases during deposition. Similarly, film resistivity was affected by the same phenomenon. The increase of pumping speed for water vapor significantly improved coating cycle times and the reflectivity and resistivity of the coatings. An effect of sputter etching on desorption is indicated after reducing the effects of residual gas and temperature rise of the substrate. Step coverage was also dramatically improved by limiting the number of coating passes in front of a sputtering target. Film resistivity improved to within 90% of bulk values and step coverage was better than 50% on a 90° step.
50-nm Metal Line Fabrication by Focused Ion Beam and Oxide Resists (1991)

Ultrafine patterning of refractory metals has been studied by the use of focused ion beam (FIB) and oxide resists. Thin amorphous films of MoO 3 and WO 3 were deposited by electron beam evaporation onto Si wafers, and were exposed to a 50 keV Ga + FIB. Developed resist patterns were directly reduced to Mo and W by heat treatment in H 2 gas atmosphere. The linewidth before and after reduction was measured as a function of the line dose. It is demonstrated that from a bilayer resist MoO 3 /WO 3 , a 50 nm refractory metal line can be controllably fabricated without any other complicated processes. Some information about the electrical properties of the reduced patterns is also presented.
MISC (1992)

This paper describes a single chip Multiple Instruction Stream Computer (MIX) capable of extracting instruction level p&llelism from a broad spectrum of programs. The MISC architecture uses multiple asynchronous processing elements to separate a program into streams that can be executed in parallel, and integrates a conff ict-free message passing system into the lowest level of the processor design to facilitate low latency intra-MISC communication.
Oral liarozole in the treatment of palmoplantar pustular psoriasis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2001)

The results of this pilot study suggest that liarozole 75 mg twice daily is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for PPP. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of liarozole may help to circumvent side-effects associated with synthetic retinoids and allow its use in premenopausal women.
Pseudo-tomographic X-ray imaging for use in aviation security (1998)

This paper presents recent results obtained from a 3-D image modelling technique utilising line-scan X-ray equipment. The resultant images have properties similar to those obtained from a volume rendered X-ray computed tomography (CT) system.