gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transistor abstraction for the functional verification of FPGAs (2006)

This paper discusses the use of transistor abstraction to enable the functional verification of FPGA fabrics with RTL models. It first describes the multiplexer structures that are used on a massive scale in FPGAs and the specific challenges that they pose to transistor abstraction tools. It then reviews previous approaches and shows that the cone model of the DESB system is particularly well suited to abstract FPGA logic because it makes pass-gate branches in multiplexer structures well apparent. Based on this model, methods are described to isolate multiplexer structures, take into account logic correlation between signals, and generate RTL models that are both simulation efficient and highly readable. Finally, Altera's ABX tool that implements these concepts is briefly described.
Mechanisms of adverse effects during hemapheresis (1996)

For over 20 years blood components have been collected from normal donors by automated hemapheresis. Cell separators have become increasingly sophisticated, and relatively pure component "concentrates" can be obtained quite safely. Cytapheresis donors are monitored carefully, and serious reactions are very rare. In contrast, therapeutic apheresis procedures may be technically demanding and frequently are performed on very sick patients. Large volumes of blood are rapidly removed from the patient, anticoagulated, and separated into components by the automated cell separator. The blood component containing the pathogenetic factor (e.g., plasma containing an antibody) is retained outside of the body, and the remaining components (e.g., red cells, white cells, and platelets) plus the replacement fluid are reinfused. Complications can occur in normal cytapheresis donors because of the technical challenges of the procedure (e.g., extracorporeal circuit to be filled, use of citrate anticoagulant, need for large bore intravascular access, and rapid blood flow rates). All of these factors apply also to therapeutic patients plus the additional requirement for replacement fluids, and the clinical features of the underlying illness for which each patient is being treated. Fortunately, even with therapeutic patients, most complications are of modest severity and are easily managed with only temporary slowing or interruption of the hemapheresis procedure.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 binds to fibrin and inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated fibrin dissolution. (1992)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) accumulates within thrombi and forming whole blood clots. To explore this phenomenon at the molecular level, PAI-1 binding to fibrin was examined. The experiments were performed by adding 125I-PAI-1, which retains its complete tissue-type plasminogen (t-PA) inhibitory activity, to fibrin matrices formed in 2-cm2 tissue culture wells. Guanidine HCl-activated PAI-1 binding was reversible and was inhibited in the presence of excess, unlabeled PAI-1. Activated 125I-PAI-1 recognized 2 sites on fibrin: a very small number of high affinity sites (Kd less than 1 nM) and principally a large number of low affinity sites with an approximate Kd of 3.8 microM. Latent PAI-1 bound to fibrin at a site indistinguishable from the lower affinity site recognized by activated PAI-1. Fibrin, pretreated with activated PAI-1, was protected from t-PA-mediated plasmin degradation in a PAI-1 dose-responsive manner (IC50 = 12.3 nM). Clot protection correlated with partial occupancy of the low affinity PAI-1 binding site on fibrin and was due to the formation of sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable, PAI-1.t-PA complexes. Latent PAI-1 (27 nM) did not protect the fibrin from dissolution. The localization of PAI-1 to a thrombus by virtue of its fibrin binding potential could result in significant protection of the thrombus from the degradative effects of the fibrinolytic system.
Signal Biosynthesis Inhibition with Ambuic Acid as a Strategy To Target Antibiotic-Resistant Infections (2017)

There has been major interest by the scientific community in antivirulence approaches against bacterial infections. However, partly due to a lack of viable lead compounds, antivirulence therapeutics have yet to reach the clinic. Here we investigate the development of an antivirulence lead targeting quorum sensing signal biosynthesis, a process that is conserved in Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. Some preliminary studies suggest that the small molecule ambuic acid is a signal biosynthesis inhibitor. To confirm this, we constructed a methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) strain that decouples autoinducing peptide (AIP) production from regulation and demonstrate that AIP production is inhibited in this mutant. Quantitative mass spectrometric measurements show that ambuic acid inhibits signal biosynthesis (50% inhibitory concentration [IC<sub>50</sub>] of 2.5 ± 0.1 μM) against a clinically relevant USA300 MRSA strain. Quantitative real-time PCR confirms that this compound selectively targets the quorum sensing regulon. We show that a 5-μg dose of ambuic acid reduces MRSA-induced abscess formation in a mouse model and verify its quorum sensing inhibitory activity <i>in vivo</i> Finally, we employed mass spectrometry to identify or confirm the structure of quorum sensing signaling peptides in three strains each of <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> and single strains of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus lugdunensis</i> By measuring AIP production by these strains, we show that ambuic acid possesses broad-spectrum efficacy against multiple Gram-positive bacterial pathogens but does not inhibit quorum sensing in some commensal bacteria. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the promise of ambuic acid as a lead for the development of antivirulence therapeutics.
Chromosomal localization of a gene, GFI1 encoding a novel zinc finger protein reveals a new syntenic region between man and rodents (1995)

The Gfi1 gene encodes a zinc finger protein which binds DNA and is involved in transcriptional regulation. Gfi1 was assigned to the central portion of mouse Chr 5 by interspecific backcross mapping and to human chromosome band 1p22 and rat chromosome band 14p22 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Comparative mapping data presented here describes a new syntenic region between man and rodents.
Vestal's fall guide, 1931 / (1931)

Choicest first-size bulbs, sure to bloom.Vestal's Special Mixture made up especi ally for us from ten of the finest named varieties-not at all the ordinary fieldgrown mixture usually sold.
Pervading Cold Testing of Engines in the Automobile Zone (2011)

Although the quality of a completed engine ready for shipping is traditionally assured by adopting the firing run at the final process of the engine assembly line, we have still not readily accepted the testing of engines in cold state i.e. without actual combustion & continue to neglect all its long term benefits in view of the immediate shortcomings which not only enhances the inspection speed, fault detection but also poses zilch threat to the environment around us. It increases the effectiveness of the “In-Process Quality Control” of an Engine production line.
Preparation Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Microsphere of Bone Sialoprotein (2010)

OBJECTIVE: To prepare PLGA microsphere of BSP. METHODS: mulsion solvent extraction-evaporation process was used to prepare microsphere. Technology of preparation was optimized by the orthogonal design. The surface morphology of the microsphere was observed by EM and SEM. The drug loading, the encapsulation efficiency and release rate in vitro were measured using micro-BCA kit. RESULTS: The mean particle size of the microsphere was 500.5 m, and its mean span was 0.580.10, the drug loading and the encapsulation efficiency were (0.7250.075) % and (64.8760.680) % respectively. The reappearance of pharmaceutical technology was good. CONCLUSION: this research described the optimized preparation technology of PLGA microspheres of BSP.
Density, viscosity, and surface tension of five vegetable oils at elevated temperatures: Measurement and modeling (2017)

Density, surface tension and viscosity of five food oils were experimentally measured using the Archimedean method, Pendant drop method, and Brookfield viscometer respectively. Measurements were performed from 23 ± 1°C to the oils' smoke point at intervals of every 20°C. Density and surface tension decreased linearly with increasing temperature, whereas the viscosity decreased exponentially. Density was modeled using the modified Rackett equation, surface tension using the Eötvös equation, and viscosity by the modified Andrade equation. The oil type influenced the density and viscosity of oil, but did not affect surface tension.
The design and development of an axial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor for wheel drive in a solar powered vehicle (1995)

This paper presents the development of a "weight-power trade-off" applicable to high-performance, power limited vehicles. The theory is then applied to the electric vehicle case to justify the pursuit of an "in the wheel" motor design. The singular benefits of axial flux geometry are discussed with reference to the particular requirements of electric motors for vehicular applications. The basic design process, construction, and test results for a motor fitted in a 26 inch wheel to drive a 260 kg all up weight vehicle are presented. At an output power of 1 kW, the attainable vehicle speed is 72 km/h, corresponding to a motor/wheel speed of 578 r/min and torque of 16.5 Nm, at an estimated motor efficiency of 94%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vascular MR segmentation: wall and plaque (2003)

Cardiovascular events frequently result from local rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Non-invasive assessment of plaque vulnerability is needed to allow institution of preventive measures before heart attack or stroke occur. A computerized method for segmentation of arterial wall layers and plaque from high-resolution volumetric MR images is reported. The method uses dynamic programming to detect optimal borders in each MRI frame. The accuracy of the results was tested in 62 T1-weighted MR images from 6 vessel specimens in comparison to borders manually determined by an expert observer. The mean signed border positioning errors for the lumen, internal elastic lamina, and external elastic lamina borders were -0.12±0.14 mm, 0.04±0.12mm, and -0.15±0.13 mm, respectively. The presented wall layer segmentation approach is one of the first steps towards non-invasive assessment of plaque vulnerability in atherosclerotic subjects.
Chemotherapeutic Effectiveness of 1,1'-Trimethylene Bis (4-Formylpyridinium Bromide) Dioxime (TMB-4) in Experimental Anticholinesterase Poisoning (1958)

Treatment of serious poisoning by phosphate and phosphonate esters of the "nerve gas" and insecticide type relies principally on prevention and control of the actions of acetylcholine (1,2,3). Long-lasting "irreversible" inhibition of body cholinesterase by these esters in small amounts is believed to account for their great toxicity(4,5) and control of their actions has centered on liberal use of atropine, long known for its capacity to block the actions of acetylcholine in many of its loci of action, including the central nervous system(1,2,6,7). Although the symptom-relieving and life-saving capacity of atropine is considerable when given in large amounts early in poisoning coupled with artificial respiration(8), its use is nevertheless limited. No other compounds with atropine-like properties, offering substantial improvement, have been found(8).Repair of the biochemical lesion produced by nerve gas and similarly-acting phosphate esters (e.g. certain insecticides) has been a more recent approach to the problem(5). Restoration of cholinesterase activity to physiologically adequate levels with sufficient rapidity to avert or halt progress of poisoning serious enough to be beyond the control of atropine has been the object of this approach. The approach attempts to "cure the disease" by restoring the body mechanisms for dealing with its acetylcholine competently, rather than by treating symptomatically with a drug such as atropine. Suggestions that such an approach might be feasible appeared when it was demonstrated that certain oximes and hydroxamic acids may catalyze breakdown of such phosphate esters to innocuous products, may restore cholinesterase activity, or perform both functions in vitro(5,10). Limited in vivo data appear to demonstrate chemotherapeutic effectiveness of 2-pyridine aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM) and other oximes against some phosphate esters(10,11). However, other investigators pointed out that in the absence of atropine the effectiveness of 2-PAM was negligible against phosphate esters(12).It reactivates GB-inhibited cholinesterases in vitro at a higher rate than does 2-PAM (13).
Photochromic and Photo‐Thermo‐Refractive Glasses (2002)

Abstract Inorganic glasses are the main transparent material, which people have long used for observation (windows in buildings, windshields in cars, eyeglasses, prisms and lenses in optical instruments), light delivery (light bulbs, projectors, lasers, optical fibers), and fine arts (crockery, bijouterie, jewelry). The ability of glasses to change coloration after exposure to sunshine was well known since the last century. Photochromic glasses that have completely reversible coloration are made of borosilicate glasses doped with microcrystals of copper and silver halides. These glasses are sensitive to near UV radiation. Photosensitivity can be extended to visible and near IR regions by cooperative breeding of color centers. Induced coloration is a wide band that covers the whole visible region. Photocontrolled waveguides can be fabricated in photochromic glasses. These waveguides can serve as attenuators and mode selectors. Photo‐thermorefractive glasses that have irreversible photoinduced refraction are aluminosilicate glasses doped with silver, cerium, and fluorine. These glasses are sensitive to near UV radiation. Their photosensitivity is comparable with the best organic and inorganic materials, it allows wide variations of exposure because of image amplification in the thermal development process, and it has high diffraction efficiency and high transparency from the UV to the IR region.
Early diagnosis of sepsis-related hepatic dysfunction and its prognostic impact on survival: a prospective study with the LiMAx test (2013)

Sepsis-related hepatic dysfunction can be diagnosed early and effectively by the LiMAx test. The extent of LiMAx impairment is predictive for patient morbidity and mortality. The sensitivity and specificity of the LiMAx test was superior to that of ICG-PDR regarding the prediction of mortality.
Wet‐Spun Superelastic Graphene Aerogel Millispheres with Group Effect (2017)

Graphene aerogel has attracted great attention due to its unique properties, such as ultralow density, superelasticity, and high specific surface area. It shows huge potential in energy devices, high-performance pressure sensors, contaminates adsorbents, and electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. However, there still remain some challenges to further promote the development and real application of graphene aerogel including cost-effective scalable fabrication and miniaturization with group effect. This study shows millimeter-scale superelastic graphene aerogel spheres (GSs) with group effect and multifunctionality. The GSs are continuously fabricated on a large scale by wet spinning of graphene oxide liquid crystals followed by facile drying and thermal annealing. Such GS has an unusual core-shell structure with excellent elasticity and specific strength. Significantly, both horizontally and vertically grouped spheres exhibit superelasticity comparable to individual spheres, enabling it to fully recover at 95% strain, and even after 1000 compressive cycles at 70% strain, paving the way to wide applications such as pressure-elastic and adsorbing materials. The GS shows a press-fly behavior with an extremely high jump velocity up to 1.2 m s<sup>-1</sup> . For the first time, both free and oil-adsorbed GSs are remotely manipulated on water by electrostatic charge due to their ultralow density and hydrophobic properties.
Growth, structural and optical properties of coherent <i>κ</i>-(Al<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>)2O3/<i>κ</i>-Ga2O3 quantum well superlattice heterostructures (2020)

High quality heteroepitaxial (001)-oriented κ-(AlxGa1−x)2O3/κ-Ga2O3 quantum well superlattice heterostructures were deposited by tin-assisted pulsed laser deposition on c-sapphire substrates. Sharp superlattice fringes up to the ninth order in XRD patterns for Al-contents up to about 50 at. % confirm excellent structural quality and smooth interfaces in the multilayers on par with reports on homoepitaxial superlattices in the monoclinic modification. By employing elliptically segmented targets, the Al-content in the barrier layers of the superlattices was systematically varied in a range of 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 in a controlled and quasi-continuous manner. An in-depth investigation employing XRD 2θ-ω scans and reciprocal space map measurements on superlattices with different periods as well as single quantum well samples suggests coherent growth of the superlattices for application-relevant quantum well widths. The critical thickness for coherent growth of κ-Ga2O3 on κ-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 was further estimated to be at least 50 nm and 3 nm for x = 0.2 and x = 0.3, respectively. We determined absorption energies in optical transmission spectra for superlattices with x = 0.3 well below the bandgap of the barrier layers that decrease with increasing quantum well width suggesting transitions between localized states in the quantum wells as their origin. These results render superlattices in the metastable orthorhombic phase of Ga2O3 as a promising active layer for quantum well infrared photodetector applications.
The Estimation of Ammonia and Urea in Blood and Urine (1925)

Research Article| January 01 1925 The Estimation of Ammonia and Urea in Blood and Urine Margaret Mary Murray Margaret Mary Murray 1The Physiology Department of Bedford College, University of London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1925) 19 (2): 294–299. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0190294 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Margaret Mary Murray; The Estimation of Ammonia and Urea in Blood and Urine. Biochem J 1 January 1925; 19 (2): 294–299. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0190294 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1925 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1925 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Electrochemical sensing method for point-of-care cortisol detection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients (2015)

A novel electrochemical sensing method was devised for the first time to detect plasma cortisol, a potential psychological stress biomarker, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive subjects. A miniaturized potentiostat (reconfigured LMP91000 chip) interfaced with a microfluidic manifold containing a cortisol immunosensor was employed to demonstrate electrochemical cortisol sensing. This fully integrated and optimized electrochemical sensing device exhibited a wide cortisol-detection range from 10 pg/mL to 500 ng/mL, a low detection limit of 10 pg/mL, and sensitivity of 5.8 μA (pg mL)(-1), with a regression coefficient of 0.995. This cortisol-selective sensing system was employed to estimate plasma cortisol in ten samples from HIV patients. The electrochemical cortisol-sensing performance was validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The results obtained using both methodologies were comparable within 2%-5% variation. The information related to psychological stress of HIV patients can be correlated with disease-progression parameters to optimize diagnosis, therapeutic, and personalized health monitoring.
Immune responses in human Brugia malayi infections: serum dependent cell-mediated destruction of infective larvae in vitro (1982)

Serum dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of subperiodic Brugia malayi infective larvae in vitro was investigated. In vitro cellular adherence of normal human buffy coat cells to infective larvae of B. malayi was promoted by sera from patients with elephantiasis, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) and amicrofilaraemic symptomatic filariasis, as well as by sera from normal subjects from filariasis endemic areas. However, strongest adherence was observed with TPE sera. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies confirmed that the cellular adherence resulted in gross surface damage to the infective larvae. Studies with the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) suggested that IgG and/or IgM might be involved in the process of adherence. Complement did not appear to be important.
Focal-spot measurement: comparison of slit, pinhole, and star resolution pattern techniques. (1987)

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) has established a new standard for x-ray tube focal-spot measurements using a focal-spot camera with a slit instead of a pinhole. Measurements from the slit focal-spot camera are compared and star resolution pattern techniques for 50 focal spots. In addition, measurements were made using direct-exposure film as required by the NEMA standard and an extremity screen-film system, which minimizes x-ray tube loading. The slit, pinhole, and star resolution techniques provided similar results that were within the accuracy required for clinical focal-spot measurements. The focal-spot measurements were also similar when a direct-exposure film or an extremity screen-film system was used. A description of the use of the slit focal-spot camera and difficulties with implementing the new NEMA standards in the clinical setting are also presented.
A strapdown laser gyro navigator (1974)

A broad spectrum of commercial and military vehicles employ some form of inertial measurement equipment. In general this equipment has a special purpose in that it was tailored for each specific application thereby resulting in high installation and maintenance costs. Recently the emphasis has been directed toward developing low cost building blocks from which the desired inertial functions can be derived. This paper describes a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) program that combines inertial system sensor and computational advances into a flight demonstration configuration. Specifically, an inertial navigation system employing strapdown laser gyro angular rate sensors and a miniature, modular digital flight computer is described. The objective of this program is to demonstrate, via flight test evaluation, the capabilities of the advanced sensor and computer as they apply to future low cost, high reliability inertial system applications.