gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Piezoresistive Force Gauges and Their Uses (1969)

A sensitive and efficient piezoresistive element is described. It is constructed of p-type silicon mounted on an electro-mechanical substrate, and thus is easy to handle and apply where the measurand can be reduced to a force of about 10 grams. This device, the PIXIE, is linear, low noise, relatively inexpensive, and can stand large overloads.
Study on brake noise. (2nd Report, On disc brake squeal). (1989)

Eliminating brake squeal generated during brake application is an important subject for the improvement of comfort in a car. There has been a lot of research into the problem of brake squeal in the past. Most of the papers presented elaborate on low-frequency brake squeal. However, brake squeal often has high-frequency vibration. For this reason, we have researched high-frequency brake squeal (5-10 kHz), so as to study the method of eliminating brake squeal by modification of the brake disc.
Infrared Face Recognition: A Review of the State of the Art (2010)

In this paper a review of the state of the art has been presented on Infrared face recognition. A comprehensive review of the state of the art has been already done in [1] in 2008. Our review is a complement of the mentioned work Initially, we will review the basic important works on Infrared Face Recognition before 2008. Afterwards, we will focus on the recent works which are not reviewed in Finally, we will draw the conclusions.
Ku- and K-band internally matched high-power GaAs f.e.t. amplifiers (1979)

Internal-matching techniques, using lumped-element capacitors fabricated on high dielectric ceramics, have been developed for high power GaAs f.e.t.s in Ku- and K-bands. The developed internally matched high-power f.e.t. amplifier modules have exhibited 1.9 W power output with 4 dB associated gain at 14 GHz and 1.25 W power output with 3 dB associated gain at 18 GHz.
TiW Silicide gate self-alignment technology for ultra-high-speed GaAs MESFET LSI/VLSI's (1982)

It has been found that TiW silicide film forms Schottky contacts on GaAs which are extremely stable even at temperatures of up to 850°C. Using this silicide for gate material, a novel self-alignment technique for GaAs MESFET's has been developed. A minimum propagation delay of 50 ps with 1.5-µ gate logic and successful fabrication of 1-kbit fixed address GaAs static memory cell arrays which are based on E/D type DCFL's indicate that TiW silicide gate self-alignment technology is a very promising candidate for achieving ultra-high-speed GaAs MESFET LSI/VLSI's.
Polymer crystals (1968)

A survey is presented of the structural aspect of polymer crystals. It deals primarily with crystals grown from solutions but includes some features of crystallization from the melt. Special emphasis is placed on those aspects which are specific to polymers. It is attempted to place the subject in its historical perspective as well as to lead up to the most recent developments which are taking place at the time of writing.
When Is a Fish Not a Fish? Questions Raised by a Nage Life-Form Category (2012)

Speakers of a Central-Malayo-Polynesian language, the Nage inhabit the central region of the eastern Indonesian island of Flores. Their folk taxonomy of animals (ana wa) contains three named life-form taxa, one of which is ika, fish. A review of component folk-generic taxa, however, reveals that Nage do not classify five kinds of freshwater fish as ‘fish’ (ika), even though they further apply ika to various marine fish (including sharks and rays) as well as to marine mammals. The article considers this peculiarity of Nage folk zoological taxonomy, and how it might affect an understanding of ika as denoting a ‘fish’ life-form taxon. The main conclusion is that the five excluded categories—distinguished largely on morphological and behavioural grounds, and conveniently designated as the ‘tebhu cluster’, after one of their members—are contrasted primarily with freshwater species which Nage do classify as ‘fish’ (ika). Specified by name as ika lowo (‘river fish’), these are further contrasted with another named folk-intermediate taxon of ‘marine fish’ (ika mesi). From this, it is argued that, as a life-form category, ika should be understood as implicitly including the five members of the ‘tebhu cluster’ as a third, albeit covert, folk-intermediate taxon.
Genetic susceptibility to atherosclerosis (1990)

Genetic factors are implicated in atherogenesis by family and twin studies of coronary artery disease, interacting with the environment to produce the phenotypic disease. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms provide useful linkage markers with which to study the genetics of this disease, the effectiveness of marker loci being characterized in terms of their polymorphism information content. Other forms of nucleotide variation, including variable number of tandem repeats can also provide linkage markers for aetiological loci and can be detected by the use of polymerase chain amplification followed by sequencing, denaturing gel electrophoresis, base pair specific chemical cleavage or the use of oligonucleotide probes. Linkage markers may be used either in population association or familial studies. Candidate genes may be studied or complete genomic mapping attempted. A review of potential candidate genes for atherosclerosis is presented.
Comparison of Serologic Assays for Detection of Antibodies against Human Herpesvirus 8 (2001)

Improvement of serologic assays for detection of antibodies against human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is critical to better understand its epidemiology and biology. We produced the HHV-8 latent (ORF73) and lytic (ORF65, K8.1, and glycoprotein B) antigens in the Semliki Forest virus system and evaluated their performance in immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). These assays were compared with other latent antigen-based assays, including an IFA based on primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells and an ELISA based on bacterially expressed ORF73 antigen, as well as with other lytic antigen-based assays, including an IFA based on induced PEL cells, a commercial ELISA based on purified virions, and ELISAs based on K8.1- and ORF65-derived oligopeptides. We used a panel of 180 serum specimens obtained from three groups expected to have high, intermediate, and low HHV-8 prevalences. Using three different evaluation methods, we found that (i) the performances of the lytic antigen-based ELISAs were almost equivalent, (ii) the lytic antigen-based assays were more sensitive than the latent antigen-based assays, and (iii) in general, IFAs were more sensitive than ELISAs based on the same open reading frame. We also found that serum specimens from healthy individuals contained antibodies cross-reactive with HHV-8 glycoprotein B that can potentially cause false-positive reactions in lytic PEL-based IFAs. Although this is not a substantial problem in most epidemiologic studies, it may confound the interpretation of data in studies that require high assay specificity. Because the K8.1-based IFA provides sensitivity similar to that of lytic PEL-based IFAs and improved specificity, it can be a useful alternative to the PEL-based IFAs.
Determination of thymopentin in beagle dog blood by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a preclinical pharmacokinetic study (2015)

The pentapeptide thymopentin (Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr, RKDVY) corresponds to amino acids 32-36 of the 49 amino acid immunomodulatory polypeptide, thymopoietin, whose biological activity is partially reproduced. Thymopentin is widely used in the clinic and represents a promising target for drug design but bioanalytical and pharmacokinetic data are limited due to its enzymatic instability. This paper reports a rapid and sensitive method based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of thymopentin in beagle dog blood. To inactivate peptidases and stabilize thymopentin, acetonitrile was added to blood samples immediately after collection followed by addition of stable isotope-labeled thymopentin as internal standard and washing with dichloromethane. Chromatography was carried out on an Ascentis Express Peptide ES-C18 column using gradient elution with methanol and aqueous 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring achieved linearity in the range of 1.5-800 ng/mL with good accuracy/precision and minimal matrix effects. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in beagle dogs after intravenous administration of 0.2 mg/kg thymopentin.
pH-Dependent Transfer Hydrogenation, Reductive Amination, and Dehalogenation of Water-Soluble Carbonyl Compounds and Alkyl Halides Promoted by Cp*Ir Complexes (2001)

This paper reports pH-dependent transfer hydrogenation, reductive amination, and dehalogenation of water-soluble substrates with the organometallic aqua complexes [Cp*IrIII(H2O)3]2+ (1, Cp* = η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl), [(Cp∧py)IrIII(H2O)2]2+ (2, Cp∧py = η5-(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)methylpyridine), and [Cp*IrIII(bpy)(H2O)]2+ (3, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) as catalyst precursors and the formate ions HCOONa and HCOONH4 as hydrogen donors. Because of the difference in the electron-donating ability of the Cp*, Cp∧py, and bpy ligands, the Lewis acidity of the iridium ions of 1−3 are ordered in strength as follows: 1 > 2 > 3. Complexes 1−3 are reversibly deprotonated to form the catalytically inactive hydroxo complexes [(Cp*IrIII)2(μ-OH)3]+ (5), [{(Cp∧py)IrIII}2(μ-OH)2]2+ (6), and [Cp*IrIII(bpy)(OH)]+ (7) around pH 2.8, 4.5, and 6.6, respectively. The deprotonation behavior of 1−3 indicates that the more Lewis acidic iridium ions would lower the pKa values of the coordinated H2O ligands. As a function of pH, the catalyst precursors 1 and 3 react with the formate ions to form the hydride complexes [(Cp*IrIII)2(μ-H)(μ-OH)(μ-HCOO)]+ (8) and [Cp*IrIII(bpy)(H)]+ (9), respectively, which act as active catalysts in these catalytic reductions. A similar hydride complex would be formed from the reaction of 2 with the formate ions, though we have no definite structural information on the hydride complex. The structures of 3(OTf)2·H2O (OTf = CF3SO3-), [(Cp∧py)IrIIICl2] (4), 6(OTf)2, 7(OTf)·2H2O, and 8(PF6) were unequivocally determined by X-ray analysis.
<title>Repair Of Fiber Optic Cable In The Field</title> (1983)

A fiber optic cable splicing system is being developed for the U.S. Army Communications-Electronic Command (CECOM). The manually operated splicing machine and cable splice housing are designed to be used to repair communications cable under field conditions. The repair procedure is described, with the aid of photographs of the first working models of the splices and splice housing. Further work is being done to reduce costs and to simplify the operations involved in cable repair.
PathMiner: A Web-Based Tool for Computer-Assisted Diagnostics in Pathology (2009)

Large-scale, multisite collaboration has become indispensable for a wide range of research and clinical activities that rely on the capacity of individuals to dynamically acquire, share, and assess images and correlated data. In this paper, we report the development of a Web-based system, PathMiner , for interactive telemedicine, intelligent archiving, and automated decision support in pathology. The PathMiner system supports network-based submission of queries and can automatically locate and retrieve digitized pathology specimens along with correlated molecular studies of cases from "ground-truth" databases that exhibit spectral and spatial profiles consistent with a given query image. The statistically most probable diagnosis is provided to the individual who is seeking decision support. To test the system under real-case scenarios, a pipeline infrastructure was developed and a network-based test laboratory was established at strategic sites at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and Rutgers University. The average five-class classification accuracy of the system was 93.18% based on a tenfold cross validation on a close dataset containing 3691 imaged specimens. We also conducted prospective performance studies with the PathMiner system in real applications in which the specimens exhibited large variations in staining characters compared with the training data. The average five-class classification accuracy in this open-set experiment was 87.22%. We also provide the comparative results with the previous literature and the PathMiner system shows superior performance.
Large-scale text categorization by batch mode active learning (2006)

Large-scale text categorization is an important research topic for Web data mining. One of the challenges in large-scale text categorization is how to reduce the human efforts in labeling text documents for building reliable classification models. In the past, there have been many studies on applying active learning methods to automatic text categorization, which try to select the most informative documents for labeling manually. Most of these studies focused on selecting a single unlabeled document in each iteration. As a result, the text categorization model has to be retrained after each labeled document is solicited. In this paper, we present a novel active learning algorithm that selects a batch of text documents for labeling manually in each iteration. The key of the batch mode active learning is how to reduce the redundancy among the selected examples such that each example provides unique information for model updating. To this end, we use the Fisher information matrix as the measurement of model uncertainty and choose the set of documents to effectively maximize the Fisher information of a classification model. Extensive experiments with three different datasets have shown that our algorithm is more effective than the state-of-the-art active learning techniques for text categorization and can be a promising tool toward large-scale text categorization for World Wide Web documents.
Prevention of Stick‐Slip Vibrations by Passive Normal Force Control (2003)

Abstract The classical stick‐slip oscillator is extended by an additional degree of freedom which couples the slipping motion to the normal force. Using this, the effective friction force can be altered without changing the friction‐velocity characteristic. The paper deals with the optimization problem of finding parameters of the additional system that prevent stick‐slip motion or minimize the amplitude of the residual limit cycle. Another goal is to increase the decay rate of vibration. Results were achieved by numerical integration based on analytical investigations.
Antipsychotics and the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death (2001)

Patients prescribed moderate doses of antipsychotics had large relative and absolute increases in the risk of sudden cardiac death. Although the study data cannot demonstrate causality, they suggest that the potential adverse cardiac effects of antipsychotics should be considered in clinical practice, particularly for patients with cardiovascular disease.
Thermoelectric properties of MNiSn (M=Ti,Zr,Hf) single crystals and related alloys (2002)

During the last few years a growing interest in new material classes for thermoelectric applications, such as intermetallic compounds, could be observed. Among others, the compounds MNiSn (where M=Ti,Zr,Hf) represent one of those systems and prompted us to study their properties thoroughly. In contrast to the commonly used arc melting followed by long time heat treatment, we prepared our samples by melting the elements using a Sn flux technique. The composition and structural quality was checked by different techniques, including X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis EDX. We determined the thermoelectric properties over a wide temperature range and were able to evaluate the figure of merit in the range between 90 and 360 K. To reduce the thermal conductivity the possibility of alloying these ternaries was explored.
Involvement of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in peripheral synovitis and down‐regulation by tumor necrosis factor α blockade in spondylarthropathy (2004)

MMPs and TIMPs are highly expressed in SpA synovitis and mirror both the inflammatory and tissue-remodeling aspects of the local disease process. Serum MMP-3, originating from the inflamed joint, represents a valuable biomarker for peripheral synovitis. Modulation of the MMP/TIMP system by infliximab could contribute to the antiinflammatory and tissue-remodeling effects of TNFalpha blockade in SpA.
Substituent Effects in Synthetic Lectins - Exploring the Role of CH−π Interactions in Carbohydrate Recognition (2011)

Contacts between aromatic surfaces and saccharide CH groups are common motifs in natural carbohydrate recognition. These CH-π interactions are modeled in "synthetic lectins" which employ oligophenyl units as apolar surfaces. Here we report the synthesis and study of new synthetic lectins with fluoro- and hydroxy-substituted biphenyl units, designed to explore the role of π-electron density in carbohydrate CH-π interactions. We find evidence that recognition can be moderated through electronic effects but that other factors such as cavity hydration are also important and sometimes predominant in determining binding strengths.
Anion hopping of (and on) functional oligoarginines: from chloroform to cells (2006)

Rapid progress in the understanding of counteranions as either activators or inactivators of guanidinium-rich macromolecules is summarized. From phase transfer of polyarginine into chloroform to the cytosolic delivery of green-fluorescent proteins or apoptosis-inducing peptides with cell-penetrating peptides, counteranions emerge consistently as the origin of function. A unified view of this "demystified arginine magic" is proposed, focusing on the manipulation of the underlying anion hopping of and on these sticky molecular chameleons according to the principle of Le Chatelier.
Sparse Gradient Image Reconstruction Done Faster (2007)

In a wide variety of imaging applications (especially medical imaging), we obtain a partial set or subset of the Fourier transform of an image. From these Fourier measurements, we want to reconstruct the entire original image. Convex optimization is a powerful, recent solution to this problem. Unfortunately, convex optimization in its myriad of implementations is computationally expensive and may be impractical for large images or for multiple images. Furthermore, some of these techniques assume that the image has a sparse gradient (i.e., that the gradient of the image consists of a few nonzero pixel values) or that the gradient is highly compressible. In this paper, we demonstrate that we can recover such images with GradientOMP, an efficient algorithm based upon Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), more effectively than with convex optimization. We compare both the qualitative and quantitative performance of this algorithm to the optimization techniques.
Serial dilution curve: a new method for analysis of reverse phase protein array data (2009)

A computer program in R for using serial dilution curve for RPPA data analysis is freely available at http://odin.mdacc.tmc.edu/~zhangli/RPPA.
Techniques to improve the spatial sampling of MicroPET-a high resolution animal PET tomograph (2000)

A method is described to improve the spatial sampling of microPET, a high resolution PET scanner designed for imaging small laboratory animals. The high intrinsic resolution of the microPET detector (1.58 mm FWHM), in combination with the stationary ring geometry of the tomograph, generate an imaging system which is inherently spatially undersampled. As a result the imaging resolution measured with a three-dimensional (3-D) filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm for a point source at the center of the field of view (CFOV) is only 1.8 mm FWHM and has large fluctuations at positions near the CFOV. A small wobble motion was introduced via a circular motion of the scanner bed in the transverse plane, with a wobble radius of 300 /spl mu/m. The data was acquired with a step-and-shoot method by dividing the wobble circle into a number of equidistantly sampled intervals. The separate sinograms were interpolated to a finely resampled sinogram, which was reconstructed with the 3-D filtered backprojection algorithm. The resulting images demonstrated full recovery of the intrinsic detector resolution and elimination of the local nonuniformities of the point spread function (PSF) at the CFOV, with three wobble samples. The resulting average resolution improvement fur the central 5 cm of the FOV was approximately 13% in the radial and 19% in the tangential direction, with an associated 50% penalty in the reconstructed image noise.
Coherent optical system design (1995)

Coherent Optical Communication Review of Systems Aspects Non-coherent IF-Detection Single-Filter Decision Dual Filter Decision Diversity Reception Differentially Coherent IF-Detection Experimental Verification.
Comment on: Kloting et al. (2008) Autocrine IGF-1 Action in Adipocytes Controls Systemic IGF-1 Concentrations and Growth: <i>Diabetes</i> 57:2074–2082 (2008)

The August 2008 issue of Diabetes contained a very interesting study by Kloting et al. (1) claiming that autocrine action of IGF-1 in adipocytes controls systemic IGF-1 levels. The animals generated by these investigators are of great potential importance, and the data are novel and intriguing. However, we feel that the interpretation of these findings offered by the authors ignores an important …
Effect of mechanical pre-stretch on the stabilization of dielectric elastomer actuation (2011)

A dielectric elastomer is capable of giant electromechanical actuation but fails at breakdown due to instability under certain conditions with a small deformation. By applying a mechanical pre-stretch, one obtains a stabilized large actuation. In this paper, we measured the dielectric constant and critical voltage of a polyacrylic dielectric elastomer subjected to both equal and unequal biaxial stretch, and modelled its actuation by employing the Gent strain energy function with a microscopic view to characterize the nonlinear stiffening behaviour and the electrostrictive effect in the deformation. The mechanical pre-stretch contributes in several ways to the stabilization of dielectric elastomer, by eliminating the pull-in instability, by generating electrostriction, by improving the breakdown strength, as well as by reducing the membrane thickness which consequently lowers the voltages required for activation.
Copolymers of ethylene with norbornene derivatives—dynamic mechanical properties (1974)

Abstract The dynamic mechanical properties have been determined and the β relaxation temperatures T β have been located for a series of copolymers of ethylene with norbornene, methylnorbornene, dicyclopentadiene, and octahydrodimethanonaphthalene. The T β values show discontinuous changes with changing comonomer content. The several levels of T β observed apparently can be associated with the sequence of close multiplets of norbornane moieties ranging from isolated units through pairs to triads and higher. For isolated norbornane units T β is around 10°C, while for pairs of these units, probably separated by a C 2 H 4 unit, it is 55°C. The size of the norbornene‐type comonomer has a small but measurable effect on these values of T β . The bearing of these results on the problem of defining a value of T g for polyethylene is discussed.