gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Video Background Subtraction in Complex Environments (2014)

Background subtraction models based on mixture of Gaussians have been extensively used for detecting objects inmotion in a wide variety of computer vision applications. However, background subtraction modeling is still an openproblem particularly in video scenes with drastic illumination changes and dynamic backgrounds (complexbackgrounds). The purpose of the present work is focused on increasing the robustness of background subtractionmodels to complex environments. For this, we proposed the following enhancements: a) redefine the modeldistribution parameters involved in the detection of moving objects (distribution weight, mean and variance), b)improve pixel classification (background/foreground) and variable update mechanism by a new time-space dependentlearning-rate parameter, and c) replace the pixel-based modeling currently used in the literature by a new space-timeregion-based model that eliminates the noise effect caused by drastic changes in illumination. Our proposed schemecan be implemented on any state of the art background subtraction scheme based on mixture of Gaussians toimprove its resilient to complex backgrounds. Experimental results show excellent noise removal and object motiondetection properties under complex environments.
Candidate Tumor-Suppressor Gene DLEC1 Is Frequently Downregulated by Promoter Hypermethylation and Histone Hypoacetylation in Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2006)

Suppression of ovarian tumor growth by chromosome 3p was demonstrated in a previous study. Deleted in Lung and Esophageal Cancer 1 (DLEC1) on 3p22.3 is a candidate tumor suppressor in lung, esophageal, and renal cancers. The potential involvement of DLEC1 in epithelial ovarian cancer remains unknown. In the present study, DLEC1 downregulation was found in ovarian cancer cell lines and primary ovarian tumors. Focus-expressed DLEC1 in two ovarian cancer cell lines resulted in 41% to 52% inhibition of colony formation. No chromosomal loss of chromosome 3p22.3 in any ovarian cancer cell line or tissue was found. Promoter hypermethylation of DLEC1 was detected in ovarian cancer cell lines with reduced DLEC1 transcripts, whereas methylation was not detected in normal ovarian epithelium and DLEC1-expressing ovarian cancer cell lines. Treatment with demethylating agent enhanced DLEC1 expression in 90% (9 of 10) of ovarian cancer cell lines. DLEC1 promoter methylation was examined in 13 high-grade ovarian tumor tissues with DLEC1 downregulation, in which 54% of the tumors showed DLEC1 methylation. In addition, 80% of ovarian cancer cell lines significantly upregulated DLEC1 transcripts after histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment. Therefore, our results suggested that DLEC1 suppressed the growth of ovarian cancer cells and that its downregulation was closely associated with promoter hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation.
Three-dimensional micro-optical components embedded in photosensitive glass by a femtosecond laser (2003)

We show that three-dimensional micro-optical components can be embedded in a photosensitive glass by a femtosecond (fs) laser. After exposure to the tightly focused fs laser beam, latent images are written inside the sample. Modified regions are developed by a postbaking process and then preferentially etched away in a 10%-dilute solution of hydrofluoric acid. After this process, hollow internal structures are formed that act as a mirror and a beam splitter. Furthermore, we find that postannealing smoothes the surfaces of the fabricated hollow structures, resulting in great improvement of their optical properties.
Pivot Table Data Crunching: Microsoft Excel 2010 (2010)

PivotTables may be Excel's most powerful feature, but Microsoft has estimated that only 15% of Excel users take advantage of them. That's because PivotTables (and their companion feature, PivotCharts) have a reputation for being difficult to learn. Not any more! In this book, Excel legends Bill Jelen (MrExcel) and Michael Alexander teach PivotTables and PivotCharts step-by-step, using realistic business scenarios that any Excel user can intuitively understand. Jelen and Alexander go far beyond merely explaining PivotTables and PivotCharts: they present practical for solving a wide range of business problems. Drawing on more than 30 combined years of Excel experience, they provide tips and tricks you won't find anywhere else, and show exactly how to sidestep common mistakes. Coverage includes: Creating PivotTables, customizing them, and changing the way you view them Performing calculations within PivotTables Using PivotCharts and other visualizations Analyzing multiple data sources with PivotTables Sharing PivotTables with others Working with and analyzing OLAP data Making the most of Excel 2010's powerful new PowerPivot feature Using Excel 2010's Slicer to dynamically filter PivotTables Enhancing PivotTables with macros and VBA code This book is part of the new MrExcel Library series, edited by Bill Jelen, world-renowned Excel expert and host of the enormously popular Excel help site, MrExcel.com. Teaches PivotTables, PivotCharts, and Excel 2010's new PowerPivot feature through real-world scenarios that make intuitive sense to users at all levels Includes proven PivotTable recipes for instant on-the-job results Helps Excel users avoid common pitfalls and mistakes Part of the brand-new MrExcel Library series, edited by Excel legend Bill Jelen
Reactive ion etching of InP using CH4/H2 mixtures: Mechanisms of etching and anisotropy (1989)

Reactive ion etching of InP with CH4/H2 mixtures, a promising process for optoelectronic device fabrication, has been studied to understand the mechanisms of etching and anisotropy. Special attention has been paid to the polymer film that deposits on inert surfaces in the discharge; deposition rates have been used as a monitor of the discharge chemistry as well as for process optimization. Surface analysis shows that under etching conditions that maximize the InP etch rate while minimizing polymer deposition, the hydrocarbon coverage on the InP surface equals typical ‘‘adventitious’’ carbon levels, and the surface is significantly depleted of P. The etch rate here is limited by the flux to the surface of hydrocarbon reactants responsible for In desorption. The absence of a significant hydrocarbon film on the vertical-etched surfaces under conditions of 8:1 anisotropy precludes a surface inhibitor mechanism of anisotropy, implicating instead energy deposition via ion bombardment as the major contributor to the enhanced vertical etch rate. As the feedstock methane fraction is increased, more stoichiometric surfaces are obtained, the polymer deposition rate and the abundance of gas phase hydrocarbon oligomers increases, and ultimately, polymer forms on the InP. Here the InP etch rate is limited by transport through the permeable polymer overlayer. Reactions with polymer-coated chamber walls are important in determining InP etch and polymer deposition rates, illustrating the need for chamber seasoning to obtain reproducible results. PH3 is identified by mass spectrometry as the primary P-containing volatile product, while the primary In-containing volatile product remains unidentified.
Vitamin K‐dependent carboxylase: Synthesis of an inhibitor of the glutamyl binding site (1983)

Liver microsomes contain a vitamin K and O2-dependent carboxylase that converts peptide-bound glutamyl residues to gamma-carboxyglutamate residues. The peptide Boc-O-phospho-Ser-O-phospho-Ser-Leu-OMe has now been synthesized. This peptide inhibits the carboxylation of endogenous protein precursors by a detergent-solubilized preparation of the carboxylase and is an apparent competitive inhibitor of the carboxylation of Phe-Leu-Glu-Glu-Leu.
Lesions of the vulva. (1984)

Lesions of the vulva are common and are often associated with unnecessary and sometimes harmful delays in diagnosis and definitive therapy. Simple office biopsies, performed prior to treatment, permit histologic classification of the lesion and provide a basis for therapeutic recommendations.
Brief Communication: American Ginseng Reduces Warfarin's Effect in Healthy Patients (2004)

American ginseng reduces warfarin's anticoagulant effect. When prescribing warfarin, physicians should ask patients about ginseng use.
“数量短语(NumP)”的肯定和否定的不对称问题考察 (2019)

This study analyzed the asymmetry of affirmation and negation with ‘Numeral Phrase(NumP)’ in the modern Chinese by syntactic, semantic, generative(Phrase Unit) approach.
First, the negation construction for an affirmation was divided into three types with A type, B type, and C type.
A type : “Negation Phrase(NegP) + Verb Phrase(VP) + Numeral Phrase(NumP)”
B type : “Numeral Phrase(NumP) + Negation Phrase(NegP) + Verb Phrase(VP)”
C type : “Verb Phrase(VP) + Negation Phrase(NegP) + Numeral Phrase(NumP)”
As for conclusions analyzed, it suggests result summary in order syntactic, semantic, generative method below.
Syntactic features is summarized as follows. The location of a negation phrase or the tendency which people speak the sentence with a negation phrase can make affirmation and negation of a numeral phrase be asymmetry syntactically. The difference with regard to constituents of sentence, emphasis structure, and practical use can be decided by the location of numeral phrases. B type tends to shows an asymmetry phenomenon syntactically.
Semantic features is summarized as follows. The order of a negation phrase and a numeral phrase should make affirmation and negation of a numeral phrase be asymmetry semantically
Generative features is summarized as follows. The generative mechanism regarding A type, B type, and C type provided the radical basis for the negation construction in syntactic method and the degree of negation in semantic method. This studied with regard to the asymmetry of affirmation and negation with ‘Numeral Phrase(NumP)’ and then suggested some superficial knowledges, however this study will try to make better progress continuously.
Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes (2008)

In this review, we present (1) the scientific basis for the use of high-dose immunosuppression followed by autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D); (2) an update of the clinical and laboratory outcome of 20 patients transplanted at the University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil, and followed up to January/2008, including 4 relapses among 19 patients without previous ketoacidosis; (3) a commentary on criticisms to our article that appeared in four articles from the scientific literature; and (4) a discussion of the prospectives for cellular therapy for T1D.
Severity assessment in community-acquired pneumonia (2000)

In current guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the triaging decision about hospitalization or intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and, as a consequence, selection of initial antimicrobial treatment is largely based on the assessment of pneumonia severity. The proposed severity criteria are mainly derived from studies determining predictors of adverse outcome. These include age, male sex, comorbidity, acute respiratory failure, severe sepsis and septic shock, extension of radiographic infiltrates, bacteraemia and CAP through several different pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative enteric bacilli (GNEB), and signs of disease progression within the first 48-72 h. In addition, prediction rules and need for a complicated course in ambulatory and hospitalized patients, for the individual risk of death have been developed which may be helpful in determining the patient who might require hospitalization or intensive care, respectively. Risk classifications such as the scores developed by FINE et al. [40] are not only useful for identifying low risk patients who might safely be treated as outpatients, but apparently they will also play a major role in the evaluation of processes and outcomes of care for patients with CAP. Recent investigations have provided objective criteria for the definition of severe CAP requiring ICU admission. Whether the detection of infiltrates in the chest radiographs of patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) suggestive of mild pneumonia has an independent prognostic impact which fundamentally affects the concept of mild LRTI remains to be seen. Based on objective criteria for severity assessment it will be possible to define interventions aimed at reducing hospital admission rates, define a risk-adapted antimicrobial treatment regimen, reduce costs for antimicrobial treatment and supportive measures, shorten hospital stay, and, thereby, improve the quality of care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
A Stereoselective Synthesis of<i>trans</i>-1,2-Disubstituted Alkenes Based on the Condensation of Aldehydes with Metallated 1-Phenyl-1<i>H</i>-tetrazol-5-yl Sulfones (1998)

The reaction of metallated 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl sulfones and aldehydes gives good yields and stereoselectivity of trans-1,2-disubstituted alkenes when potassium or sodium hexamethyldisilazide is used as base and 1,2-dimethoxyethane is used as solvent.
Experience of an academic reference laboratory using automation for analysis of cystic fibrosis mutations. (1994)

This partially automated, direct mutation analysis provides DNA diagnostic laboratories with the capacity to process a larger number of samples at lower cost with greater sensitivity for mutation detection. As pilot screening programs are reported, it is appropriate to reevaluate recommendations regarding population-based carrier screening for cystic fibrosis.
Mosaic Genes and Mosaic Chromosomes: Intra- and Interspecies Genomic Variation of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2001)

Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major causative agent of serious human diseases. The worldwide increase of antibiotic resistant strains revealed the importance of horizontal gene transfer in this pathogen, a scenario that results in the modulation of the species-specific gene pool. We investigated genomic variation in 20 S. pneumoniae isolates representing major antibiotic-resistant clones and 10 different capsular serotypes. Variation was scored as decreased hybridization signals visualized on a high-density oligonucleotide array representing 1,968 genes of the type 4 reference strain KNR.7/87. Up to 10% of the genes appeared altered between individual isolates and the reference strain; variability within clones was below 2.1%. Ten gene clusters covering 160 kb account for half of the variable genes. Most of them are associated with transposases and are assumed to be part of a flexible gene pool within the bacterial population; other variable loci include mosaic genes encoding antibiotic resistance determinants and gene clusters related to bacteriocin production. Genomic comparison between S. pneumoniae and commensal Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis strains indicates distinct antigenic profiles and suggests a smooth transition between these species, supporting the validity of the microarray system as an epidemiological and diagnostic tool.
Morphomics via Next-generation Electron Microscopy (2021)

The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex structures and although these structures have been studied in the past, a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains unknown. When attempting to observe these ultra-structures, the use of electron microscopy (EM) has become indispensable. However, conventional EM settings are limited to a narrow tissue area that can bias observations. Recently, new trends in EM research have emerged that provide coverage of far broader, nano-scale fields of view for two-dimensional wide areas and three-dimensional large volumes. Together with cutting-edge bioimage informatics conducted via deep learning, such techniques have accelerated the quantification of complex morphological images. Moreover, these advances have led to the comprehensive acquisition and quantification of cellular morphology, which is now treated as a new omics science termed 'morphomics'. Moreover, by incorporating these new methodologies, the field of traditional pathology is expected to advance, potentially with the identification of previously unknown structures, quantification of rare events, reclassification of diseases and automatic diagnosis of diseases. In this review, we discuss these technological and analytical advances, which have arisen from the need to analyse nano-scale bioimages, in detail, as well as focusing on state-of-art image analysis involving deep learning.
Película virgen de 35mm distribuida por la subcomisión reguladora de cinematografía durante el año de 1944. Importación de películas largas (1945)

Cine experimental (1945). Película virgen de 35mm distribuida por la subcomisión reguladora de cinematografía durante el año de 1944. Importación de películas largas. Cine experimental. (2):124-126. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42608.
Telecommunications with Muon Beams (1972)

The properties of well-collimated beams of muons with energies in the range of 10(9) electron volts may be suited to some specialized needs in telecommunications. has been carried out at Argonne National Laboratory.
THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE IMPURITY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE REPORTED PRESSOR ACTIVITY OF XYLOCHOLINE (1966)

When examining a series of nuclear substituted choline phenyl ethers for nicotine-like stimulant activity Hey & Willey (1954) found that on intravenous administration 2,6-xylyl choline ether bromide (xylocholine; TM. 10) produced a typical short-lived rise of the arterial blood pressure in the spinal cat. Subsequent doses of the same compound, how- ever, failed to produce any rise in blood pressure. In 1959, Clark & Willey (unpublished) observed that other samples of xylocholine failed to produce a pressor response even when first administered and some attempts were made at that time to synthesize and isolate a possible impurity which might be present in xylocholine. It was thought that the impurity might be the result of carbon alkylation, instead of oxygen alkylation, and that trace quantities of this impurity might be responsible for the pressor activity. CH2CI28r me + 0 ~~~~~H me 2BC- Me Me3NC:H2CH2M HN RJ 23 I T~~~~~~II
Switched-opamp: an approach to realize full CMOS switched-capacitor circuits at very low power supply voltages (1994)

The implementation of analog CMOS circuits that operate in the very low power supply voltage range (1 V to 2 V) becomes more important nowadays. Most accurate filter circuits are designed in the switched-capacitor technique. The existing design techniques require, however, the on-chip generation of a higher voltage by means of a voltage multiplier. In this paper, a novel technique, derived from the standard switched-capacitor technique, is presented. It is called switched-opamp because it is based on the replacement of the critical switches with opamps which are turned on and off. This technique results in a true, very low voltage operation without the need for voltage multipliers. As an example, a second order lowpass switched-capacitor filter is implemented in the switched-opamp technique. This filter operates with only a 1.5 V power supply. It is realized in a 2.4-/spl mu/m CMOS process with V/sub T/=/spl plusmn/0.9 V. It has a measured total harmonic distortion of -60 dB for a signal swing of 600 mV/sub ptp/ and a powerdrain of only 110 /spl mu/W.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparison of in vitro methods to determine drug-induced cell lethality. (1976)

In proliferating cell populations, the inability to reproduce indefinitely is the only relevant criterion to assess cell lethality. The in vitro colony formation technique (CF) used to determine reproductive death is, however, too slow and has several technical limitations. For finding suitable, more rapid techniques that assessed drug-induced cell killing, a human lymphoma cell line was exposed in vitro to increasing concentrations of adriamycin, bleomycin, and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea for 1 hr. Survival was assayed immediately after treatment and at regular intervals thereafter. Data from CF were compared to those resulting from the following tests: doubling time, labeling index, dye exclusion, 51Cr release, and rate of [3H]thymidine uptake (scintillation index). Dye exclusion and 51Cr release failed to demonstrate any killing effect for the 3 drugs. The percentage of killing calculated from doubling time determinations, although dose dependent, failed to correlate with CF. Scintillation and labeling index values displayed similar temporal fluctuations but were not clearly dose dependent and did not correlate with CF. Thus, CF appears as the most reliable, dose-dependent index of cell lethality. Tests that measure metabolic death grossly overestimate or underestimate killing activity induced by 3 of the most effective antitumor drugs.
Assessment of Biosorption Activated Media Under Roadside Swales for the Removal of Phosphorus from Stormwater (2013)

Stormwater runoff from highways is a source of pollution to surface water bodies and groundwater. Excess loadings of phosphorus in stormwater discharged to surface water bodies can result in eutrophication. Treatment of stormwater for phosphorus is necessary in order to sustain ecological and economical benefits related to aquatic resources. If phosphorus is removed, the water can be sustained for other uses, such as irrigation and industrial applications. The data presented in this paper is used to evaluate the treatment performance of a roadside biosorption activated media system with regards to the removal of total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus from highway runoff. The evaluation also compares removal efficiencies and effluent concentrations using biosorption activated media (BAM) to that with sandy soil commonly found in the Florida area. The results presented in this paper indicate that BAM bio-filtration systems are a feasible treatment method for removing phosphorus from highway runoff. A discussion concerning the additional treatment and reuse of water by harvesting, as part of a Bio-filtration & Harvesting Swale System, is also presented in the paper.