gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immune Regulation and Oxidative Stress Reduction by Preimplantation Factor following Syngeneic or Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation (2013)

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT), a well-established treatment for hematological diseases, is frequently hampered by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and/or by infections due to delay in immune restoration. Prelmplantation Factor (PIF) is an embryo-derived peptide whose physiological function is to regulate local and systemic immunity and promote transplant acceptance. Synthetic PIF’s effectiveness to regulate immune response following BMT was herein examined in murine model. PIF administration reduced GVHD following allogenic BMT, decreased skin, liver, and colon inflammation and down regulated GVHD-associated gene expression in the liver. iNOS gene expression was reduced both in liver and colon. In syngeneic BMT, PIF administration reduced proinflammatory genes expression and promoted mice weight recovery up to two months after transplantation. PIF immune-regulatory effects were mediated via interaction with monocytes, resulting in decreased iNOS expression and NO secretion in-vitro . Overall, we demonstrate that by regulating immune response after BMT, PIF reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to transplant success.
Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients (2020)

This study confirms race and ethnicity as predictors of severe COVID-19. It also finds clinical risk factors for hospitalization and severe COVID-19 not previously identified such a vitamin D deficiency, hypercholesterolemia, osteoarthritis, and anemia.
This Isn't the BBC: Colonialism in New Zealand English1 (1982)

This Isn't the BBC: Colonialism in New Zealand English1 Get access ALLAN BELL ALLAN BELL Wellington, New Zealand; and Center for Applied LinguisticsWashington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Applied Linguistics, Volume III, Issue 3, Autumn 1982, Pages 246–258, https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/III.3.246 Published: 01 October 1982
Enhanced hydrogel adhesion by polymer interdiffusion: Use of linear poly(ethylene glycol) as an adhesion promoter (1997)

The fracture energy required to separate layers of hydrogel films was investigated to evaluate the impact of bulk polymer diffusion on hydrogel/hydrogel adhesion and to obtain molecular information on the fracture energy in polymer mucoadhesion. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was incorporated in a hydrogel and was used as an adhesion promoter. The influence of PEG molecular weight and contact time on PEG diffusion across the hydrogel/hydrogel interface was investigated by using tensiometric studies and near-field FTIR microscopy. These experiments indicated that linear PEG diffusion enhanced the adhesion between the two hydrogel layers. The enhanced adhesion could not be explained by surface wetting phenomena alone. These results indicated that bulk diffusion of linear polymers such as PEG (adhesion promoter) incorporated into polymer networks (hydrogels) was an effective technique for enhancing gel/gel adhesion in various applications including polymer/mucus interactions in mucoadhesion and development of mucoadhesive controlled drug delivery systems.
Assessment of Bronchodilator Responsiveness in Infants with Bronchiolitis: A Comparison of the Tidal and the Raised Volume Rapid Thoracoabdominal Compression Technique (2000)

Whether bronchodilators should be used for the treatment of infants with bronchiolitis is subject to debate, partly because of the low sensitivity of the methods for assessing lung function changes in infants. In the present study, we compared the recently introduced raised volume (RVRTC) with the conventional end-tidal rapid thoracoabdominal compression (ETRTC) technique in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. In 17 infants lung function was assessed by both methods, at baseline values and after salbutamol inhalation. Forced expiratory volumes (FEV(0.5), FEV(0.75), FEV(1.0)) were used for the quantification of RVRTC measurement, and maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (Vmax (FRC)) for ETRTC measurements. A significant individual change was defined by a mean postbronchodilator value that differed from baseline value by more than twice the within-subject coefficient of variation (CV). Group mean intrasubject CVs ranged from 4.7% to 5.3% for FEV parameters; it was 14.0% for Vmax (FRC). For the group, post-bronchodilator measurements did not differ significantly from baseline measurements. For the majority of infants, however, the within-subject comparison of responses revealed substantial differences between both techniques; while no infant demonstrated a significant increase in Vmax (FRC), eight (47%) infants responded with significantly improved timed volumes. The RVRTC technique provides the investigator with a more sensitive diagnostic tool for documenting the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions on an individual basis. Furthermore, the findings of the present study provide a rationale for the application of bronchodilators in a subgroup of infants with acute bronchiolitis.
CNT based nano electro mechanical systems (NEMS) (2005)

The paper reports on the development of carbon nanotube based nano electromechanical sensors.
On the Effect of Organic Solvent Composition on the pH of Buffered HPLC Mobile Phases and the p <i>K</i> <sub>a</sub> of Analytes—A Review (2007)

Abstract A review about the analyte pK a and buffer pH variations in RP‐HPLC mobile phases with the changes in the organic modifier content (acetonitrile or methanol) is presented. A model to accurately predict the pH of particular mobile phases for several commonly used buffers (acetic, citric and phosphoric acid and ammonia systems) in acetonitrile‐water and methanol‐water mixtures is described. Linear relationships are also presented for several families of acid‐base compounds (aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids, phenols, amines and pyridines) to estimate pK a values of analytes in methanol‐water and acetonitrile‐water from their corresponding aqueous pK a. From both, the estimated pH of the mobile phase and the estimated pK a of acid‐base analytes, it is possible to predict their degree of ionization and, therefore, the analyte chromatographic retention.
A honeypot system with honeyword-driven fake interactive sessions (2015)

Honeypots are an indispensable tool for network and system security as well as for computer forensic investigations. They can be helpful for detecting possible intrusions, as well as for gathering information about their source, attack patterns, final target and purpose. Highly interactive honeypots, are probably the most useful and enlightening ones, since they reveal many information about intruders' behavior and skills, even though the implementation and setup of such tools might require considerable efforts and computational resources. Accordingly we present an architecture for highly interactive honeypots aiming at detecting password-cracking attacks by means of honeywords and leveraging container-based virtualization to provide persistent sessions needed to capture attacker activities.
More than face-to-face (2009)

Video conferencing attempts to convey subtle cues of face-to-face interaction (F2F), but it is generally believed to be less effective than F2F. We argue that careful design based on an understanding of non-verbal communication can mitigate these differences. In this paper, we study the effects of video image framing in one-on-one meetings on empathy formation. We alter the video image by framing the display such that, in one condition, only the head is visible while, in the other condition, the entire upper body is visible. We include a F2F control case. We used two measures of dyad empathy and found a significant difference between head-only framing and both upper-body framing and F2F, but no significant difference between upper-body framing and F2F.
Indirect selection and clonal propagation of loblolly pine seedlings enhance resistance to fusiform rust (1989)

A population of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) seedlings without fusiform rust (Cronartiumquercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f.sp. fusiforme) galls was developed by controlled-cross matings of parent trees with known rust resistance, and subsequent screening of the seedling offspring through artificial inoculation. The seedlings without rust galls then entered a vegetative propagation system using rooted cuttings. A second round of rust testing by artificial inoculation, using a random sample of 20 clones from the program, revealed a high degree of rust resistance (4% galled) compared with that of seedlings from either a resistant control seedlot (50% galled) or a susceptible control seedlot (81% galled). This apparently high degree of rust resistance may be due to genetic effects, rooted cutting morphology, or both.
Modeling sources in the FDTD formulation and their use in quantifying source and boundary condition errors (1995)

The modeling of voltage and current sources as either added or replaced sources in FDTD simulations is described and their differences discussed in terms of a transmission line analogy. An infinitesimal current element (ICE) is used to illustrate the validation of added source modeling and to study the errors involved with modeling an infinitesimal element within the finite-sized FDTD grid. This model is also used to illustrate the behavior of radiation boundary conditions as their near-field position with respect to the source is varied. We characterize the errors due to modeling and boundary conditions and give guidelines for obtaining acceptable accuracy in simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Detection and diagnosis of sensor and actuator failures using IMM estimator (1998)

An approach to detection and diagnosis of multiple failures in a dynamic system is proposed. It is based on the interacting multiple-model (IMM) estimation algorithm, which is one of the most cost-effective adaptive estimation techniques for systems involving structural as well as parametric changes. The proposed approach provides an integrated framework for fault detection, diagnosis, and state estimation. It is able to detect and isolate multiple faults substantially more quickly and more reliably than many existing approaches. Its superiority is illustrated in two aircraft examples for single and double faults of both sensors and actuators, in the forms of "total", "partial", and simultaneous failures. Both deterministic and random fault scenarios are designed and used for testing and comparing the performance fairly. Some new performance indices are presented. The robustness of the proposed approach to the design of model transition probabilities, fault modeling errors, and the uncertainties of noise statistics are also evaluated.
The prevalence of dementia: A quantitative integration of the literature (1987)

Data from studies of dementia prevalence between 1945 to 1985 were analyzed statistically. Prevalence rates were found to vary as a function of methodological differences between studies. However, despite these differences, the relationship between prevalence and age was found to be consistent across studies, with rates doubling every 5.1 years. Across studies, Alzheimer's disease (AD) was found to be more common in women, with a tendency for multi-infarct dementia (MID) to be more common in men. There were also national differences in the relative prevalence of AD and MID, with MID being more common in Japanese and Russian studies, no difference in Finnish and American studies, and an excess of AD in other Western European countries.
Model sclerotization studies. 4. Generation of N-acetylmethionyl catechol adducts during tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of catechols in the presence of N-acetylmethionine (1998)

Incubation of catechol with mushroom tyrosinase in the presence of N-acetylmethionine resulted in the generation of an adduct. This product was identified to be N-acetylmethionyl catechol, on the basis of spectral characteristics and well-characterized chemical reaction of o-benzoquinone with N-acetylmethionine. Enzyme-catalyzed oxidation of catechol and the subsequent nonenzymatic addition of the resultant quinone to N-acetylmethionine accounted for the observed reaction. That the reaction is not confined to catechol alone, but is of general occurrence, can be demonstrated by the facile generation of similar adducts in incubation mixtures containing N-acetylmethionine, tyrosinase, and different N-acetylmethionines, such as 4-methylcatechol and N-acetyldopamine. Attempts to duplicate the reaction with insect cuticular phenoloxidases were not successful, as the excess N-acetylmethionine used in the reaction inhibited their activity. Nevertheless, occurrence of this nonenzymatic reactivity. Nevertheless, occurrence of this nonenzymatic reaction between N-acetylmethionine and mushroom tyrosinase-generated quinones indicates that a similar reaction between enzymatically generated quinones in the cuticle with protein-bound methionine moiety is likely to occur during in vivo quinone tanning as well.
Comparison of the fermentative alcohol dehydrogenases of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. (2000)

The adhE gene, encoding the fermentative alcohol dehydrogenase, from Salmonella typhimurium (Genbank accession number U68173) was cloned and sequenced. The Salmonella AdhE protein has 619/878 (70%) amino acid residues identical to the AdhE protein of Escherichia coli. Salmonella AdhE was synthesized only anaerobically. It was present in higher amounts when cells were grown on reduced substrates such as sorbitol, instead of glucose. Growth on glucuronate, which generated no net nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH) during metabolism, showed the lowest AdhE levels. Analysis of fermentation products by in vivo nuclear magenetic resonance showed that the proportion of ethanol was highest with sorbitol, intermediate with glucose and negligible with glucuronate. The Salmonella enzyme had a lower Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) for alcohol substrates than AdhE of E. coli although both enzymes displayed a similar Km for nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Although AdhE of E. coli was inactive with alcohols longer than four carbons, the Salmonella enzyme was still active with alcohols up to eight carbons.
Active Integrated Devices on Dielectric Substrates for Millimeter-Wave Applications (2005)

Step-by-step evolution of active integrated devices on a dielectric substrate from conventional metal waveguide design is described. Designs of oscillators, mixers and receivers are presented, and their measured performance characteristics are reported.
Proton magnetic resonance studies on some metal complexes of methyliminodiacetic acid and (hydroxyethyl)-iminodiacetic acid (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton magnetic resonance studies on some metal complexes of methyliminodiacetic acid and (hydroxyethyl)-iminodiacetic acidGeorge H. Nancollas and Andrew C. ParkCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 11, 3678–3681Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100870a051https://doi.org/10.1021/j100870a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Bioactivation of Cinnamic Alcohol Forms Several Strong Skin Sensitizers (2014)

Cinnamic alcohol is a frequent contact allergen, causing allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in a substantial number of individuals sensitized from contacts with fragrances. Hence, cinnamic alcohol is one of the constituents in fragrance mix I (FM I) used for screening contact allergy in dermatitis patients. Cinnamic alcohol lacks structural alerts for protein reactivity and must therefore be activated by either air oxidation or bioactivation to be able to act as a sensitizer. In the present study, we explored the bioactivation of cinnamic alcohol using human liver microsomes (HLM), and the potential pathways for these reactions were modeled by in silico (DFT) techniques. Subsequently, the reactivity of cinnamic alcohol and its metabolites toward a model hexapeptide were investigated. In addition to cinnamic aldehyde and cinnamic acid, two highly sensitizing epoxides previously unobserved in studies of bioactivation were detected in the incubations with HLMs. Formation of epoxy cinnamic aldehyde was shown (both by the liver microsomal experiments, in which no depletion of epoxy cinnamic alcohol was observed after initial formation, and by the very high activation energy found for the oxidation thereof by calculations) to proceed via cinnamic aldehyde and not epoxy cinnamic alcohol.
A Diversity of Schools: The Danish School Acts of 1814 and the Emergence of Mass Schooling in Denmark (2017)

During the nineteenth century, national systems of mass schooling were established in western Europe. In Denmark, King Frederik VI passed a set of five schools’ laws in 1814: one for the village schools, one for the market town schools, one for Copenhagen, one for the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein and one for Jews, in order to create and regulate a system of mass schooling within his realms. This study aims to analyse the impact of the 1814 School Acts and thereby, the emergence of mass schooling in Denmark in the nineteenth century. Three aspects of the 1814 Acts are analysed in this article: firstly, how a local school administration was established; secondly, how new school buildings were built and thirdly, how a new form of teacher and a new teachers’ education was enacted at different stages across the King’s realm and countries, and with very different consequences.
Stroma-Free Hemoglobin from Bovine Blood (2007)

Isolation and purification of bovine hemoglobin (HbBv) was carried out after reaction of whole blood with carbon monoxide. Washing/centrifugation steps were used to eliminate leukocytes, platelets, and plasma proteins. Hypotonic media and ultrasound radiation were used to lyse red blood cells. Lyse by ultrasound was shown to lead to solutions at the highest concentrations in HbBv, and the least concentrations in major phospholipids contaminants. Additional purification procedures were performed to remove membrane proteins and phospholipids. In the first case, proteins were denatured by thermal treatment, and filtered. To eliminate phospholipids, liquid chromatography was used with strong anion exchangers. Purity of HbBv was evaluated by normal phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), electrophoresis, and size-exclusion HPLC.
Tobacco cembranoids protect the function of acute hippocampal slices against NMDA by a mechanism mediated by α4β2 nicotinic receptors (2005)

Nicotine has been reported to be neuroprotective in experimental and epidemiological studies. In addition to nicotine, tobacco and cigarette smoke contain cembranoids, which are antagonists of neuronal nicotinic receptors (nAChR). Exposure of hippocampal slices to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) decreases the population spikes (PS). This parameter has been used as a measure of excitotoxicity. Surprisingly, both nicotine and tobacco cembranoids protected against NMDA and this neuroprotection was not blocked by methyllycaconitine (MLA), an antagonist of alpha7 nAChR. On the contrary, MLA had a neuroprotective effect of its own. We examined the effect of the tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-cembra-2,7,11-triene-4,6-diol (4R) on the neuroprotection against NMDA. DHbetaE, a selective antagonist of alpha4beta2 nAChR, inhibited the neuroprotection by nicotine, 4R, and MLA, suggesting the involvement of alpha4beta2 nAChRs in the neuroprotection. The cell-signaling pathways underlying the neuroprotection by 4R and by nicotine are different. The activity of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) was required in both cases; however, 4R required the activity of L-type calcium channels and CAM kinase, whereas nicotine required the extracellular signal regulated kinase-1,2 (ERK) and protein kinase C (PKC). In addition, 4R did not enhance total phospho-ERK-1/2 but increased the amount of total Akt/PKB phosphorylated on the activation site and of glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta phosphorylated on the inhibitory site. Total levels of phosphoenzymes are presented instead of the ratio of phospho- over total enzyme because in preliminary experiments total ERK-1/2 levels were slightly increased by 4R. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that there are two different nicotinic neuroprotective mechanisms mediated by alpha4beta2.
Boeing CST-100 Landing and Recovery System Design and Development Testing (2013)

NASA’s Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) initiative is providing the opportunity for the Boeing Company to complete the preliminary design of the CST-100 spacecraft and Commercial Crew Transportation System (CCTS). Demonstration of key system concepts, technologies, risk reductions, and procurement of long lead items are also being completed. The CST-100 is designed to affordably, reliably, and safely transfer crew from the Earth's surface to orbiting space complexes in low earth orbit, including the International Space Station and the Bigelow Space Complex. NASA’s investment in CCDEV, coupled with Boeing’s own resources, has allowed significant progress to be made toward providing a commercial LEO transportation service by 2016.
A generalized orthogonal subspace projection approach to unsupervised multispectral image classification (2000)

Orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) has been successfully applied in hyperspectral image processing. In order for the OSP to be effective, the number of bands must be no less than that of signatures to be classified. This ensures that there are sufficient dimensions to accommodate orthogonal projections resulting from the individual signatures. Such inherent constraint is not an issue for hyperspectral images since they generally have hundreds of bands, which is more than the number of signatures resident within images. However, this may not be true for multispectral images where the number of signatures to be classified is greater than the number of bands such as three-band pour l'observation de la terra (SPOT) images. This paper presents a generalization of the OSP called generalized OSP (GOSP) that relaxes this constraint in such a manner that the OSP can be extended to multispectral image processing in an unsupervised fashion. The idea of the GOSP is to create a new set of additional bands that are generated nonlinearly from original multispectral bands prior to the OSP classification. It is then followed by an unsupervised OSP classifier called automatic target detection and classification algorithm (ATDCA). The effectiveness of the proposed GOSP is evaluated by SPOT and Landsat TM images. The experimental results show that the GOSP significantly improves the classification performance of the OSP.