gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receptor blockade and synaptic function. (1983)

When a neurotransmitter substance is released into a synaptic cleft it acts upon subsynaptic receptors to induce a response of the target cell and also interacts with systems which act to remove the substance. At no time is there an equilibrium, and it is inappropriate to apply equilibrium kinetics to predict the consequences of modifying the system, e.g. by blocking receptors. A mathematical model predicts that the subsynaptic response to each package or "quantum" of transmitter may be insensitive to competitive receptor blockade, or to quite large changes in receptor density, provided the density of receptors is normally enough for efficient capture of transmitter. This prediction is borne out by experimental data from the voltage-clamped mouse neuromuscular junction; it requires blockade or removal of about 80% of receptors (90% after poisoning of acetylcholinesterase) to reduce the miniature end-plate current, i.e. the action of a quantum if nerve-released acetylcholine (ACh), by 50%. On the other hand, drugs that interfere with receptor function without preventing ACh binding to receptors can be just as (or more) effective in blocking nerve-applied as in blocking exogenously applied transmitter substances. At the neuromuscular junction this is seen with receptor desensitization, and "non-specific" agents such as local and general anaesthetics. We conclude that care must be taken in extrapolating from data re receptor number and/or occupancy by blocking drugs to consequences in terms of synaptic function.
ABSTRACTS (1966)

Electromagnetic flowmeters and catheters were implanted in the ascending aorta and aortic arch in dogs.After recovery, the animals were trained to lie on a soft pad without restraint while con- nected to equipment for recording pressure and flow.When training was completed, experiment- al renal hypertension was induced by partially constricting the left renal artery and removing the contralateral kidney.The hemodynamic altera- tions accompanying this form of experimental renal hypertension were then observed.Observa- tions were made in 19 dogs during a daily period of 20 to 30 minutes over intervals of 4 to 42 days.Renal artery constriction and unilateral nephrectomy produced a sharp rise in arterial pressure, and this was accompanied by a decrease in car- diac output and heart rate and by an abrupt in- crease in peripheral resistance.At 4 days the cardiac output and heart rate returned toward normal.However, arterial pressure and peripheral resistance continued to increase, reaching a maxi- mum on the tenth to twentieth day, at which time a plateau or chronic state of hypertension was present.No further changes were noted at 42 days, the longest period of observation.If renal artery constriction was severe, a "malignant" phase was induced, characterized by extreme elevation of diastolic pressure, reduced cardiac output, and greatly increased peripheral resist- ance.Uremia and death occurred in a few days.
Aberrant Disgust Responses and Immune Reactivity in Cocaine-Dependent Men (2013)

Our data provide evidence of a hypersensitivity to disgusting stimuli in cocaine-dependent individuals, possibly reflecting conditioned responses to noningestive sources of infection. Coupled with a lack of interoception of bodily signals, aberrant disgust responses might lead to increased infection susceptibility in affected individuals.
Increased Soluble Fibrin in Plasma of Patients with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (2003)

Plasma levels of soluble fibrin (SF) were measured in 1184 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) according to Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) criteria. The usefulness of SF for the diagnosis of DIC was compared with other hemostatic molecular markers. Most hemostatic markers were significantly increased in patients with DIC than in those without DIC. Plasma levels of fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products, thrombin-antihtrombin complex, plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex, D-dimer, thrombomodulin, and SF levels were also significantly higher in those with pre-DIC than in those without DIC. In classification of overt DIC by International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) criteria, most hemostatic markers were significantly increased in patients with overt DIC than in those without overt DIC. Plasma levels of SF 'in patients with DIC were significantly higher than those in patients with pre-DIC, which were significantly higher than in those without DIC. Plasma levels of SF were also significantly higher in patients with overt DIC than in those with non-overt DIC. The correlation between plasma SF levels and DIC score according to JMHW criteria or ISTH criteria was good. Receiver operating characteristic analysis shows that SF was the best marker for the diagnosis of DIC or overt DIC. These findings suggest that plasma SF might be useful marker for the diagnosis of DIC or overt DIC.
Growth Hormone Response to an Acute Bout of Resistance Exercise in Weight-Trained and Non-Weight-Trained Women (2000)

The serum growth hormone (GH) response of 6 non-weight-trained (NWT) and 6 weight-trained (WT) eumenorrehic, ovulatory women performing a heavy resistance exercise protocol (HREP) in the early follicular phase was examined. The HREP consisted of 7 different exercises and utilized a moderate resistance (10 repetition maximum) with short rest periods (1 minute). GH was evaluated preexercise, immediately postexercise, and 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes postexercise. A significant difference was observed between groups (n = 6) for GH at preexercise, immediately, and 5 minutes postexercise (p < 0.05). The integrated area under the curve (AUC) for GH revealed no significant difference between groups (n = 6). However, after removing 2 subjects who were outliers (n = 5), significant differences in both the GH response over time (p < 0.01) and AUC GH (p < 0.01) were observed between groups. The most notable findings were that WT women demonstrated lower preexercise GH concentrations than their NWT counterparts with all subjects (n = 6; WT 2.47 ± 1.27 μg · L−1; NWT 4.99 ± 1.23 μg · L−1, p < 0.01) and with the removal of outliers (n = 5; WT 1.21 ± 0.21 μg · L−1; NWT 4.08 ± 1.0 μg · L−1p < 0.01). Additionally, the HREP elicited a greater overall GH response in the WT group (n = 5; WT 179.6 ± 59.5 μg · L−1; NWT-15.1 ± 16.7 μg · L−1) as reflected by the integrated AUC (p < 0.01). The lower preexercise GH concentrations and greater overall GH response of the WT group suggest that, in women, GH response to resistance exercise varies with training status.
Nuclear proteins bind conserved elements in the abscisic acid-responsive promoter of a rice rab gene. (1990)

We have previously shown that the expression of a rice gene, rab-16A, is responsive to abscisic acid (ABA) and osmotic stress in plant tissues and cultured suspension cells. We demonstrate here that transcriptional elements between -294 and -52 of this gene are sufficient to confer ABA-dependent expression on the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in rice protoplasts. Sequence motifs within this 242-base-pair region of the rab-16A gene are conserved among the 5' upstream regions of other ABA-responsive genes. Gel retardation and DNAse I experiments show nuclear factor(s) binding to these sequences. This correlative data indicate that these motifs are involved in the transcription of the rab genes and suggest that they may be ABA-responsive-elements (ABREs).
Midkine protects hepatocellular carcinoma cells against TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis through down‐regulation of caspase‐3 activity (2004)

The results of the current study indicate that MK acts as an antiapoptotic factor in HepG2 cells through the down-regulation of caspase-3 activity.
Organic Dots with Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE Dots) Characteristics for Dual-Color Cell Tracing (2013)

Modern fluorescence imaging techniques have become essential tools to provide crucial insights in understanding complicated biological processes. Because of their unique optical properties (e.g., excellent photostability, high brightness, broad absorption, and narrow emission), inorganic quantum dots (QDs) have attracted great interest in fluorescence bioimaging. However, the intrinsic toxicity resulting from their heavy-metal components as well as the low-pH-induced fluorescence-quenching phenomenon has motivated researchers to explore novel fluorescent probes with the goal of overcoming these obstacles. In this work, we report the synthesis of two groups of organic fluorescent dots with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics that have a large Stokes shift, ensuring distinct emission spectra (green and red fluorescence) under single-wavelength excitation. Single-particle imaging experiments revealed the unique optical properties of such AIE dots, which outperform their commercially available inorganic QD counterpart in physical stability and brightness. Upon functionalization with a cell-penetrating peptide, the strong absorptivity, high brightness, good cellular-internalization efficiency, and low cytotoxicity of both the green and red AIE dots allow for the simultaneous discrimination of different populations of cancer cells both in culture medium and animal organs, which is of high importance for understanding cellular interactions during cancer metastasis. Considering the versatile surface functionalities endowed by the encapsulation matrix, a series of organic AIE dots with customized properties will provide prospective platforms to satisfy multifarious bioimaging tasks in the near future.
Reliable, Secure, and Transacted Web Service Compositions with AO4BPEL (2006)

Web service compositions in BPEL have several nonfunctional requirements such as security, reliable messaging, and transactions. Although many WS-* specifications address such non-functional concerns in the Web service context, they focus only on the messaging-level requirements without addressing the process-level requirements. In this paper, we discuss different non-functional requirements in BPEL workflows and observe that current orchestration engines lack support for the specification and enforcement of such requirements, especially for process-level requirements. To solve this problem, we present a container framework, which introduces an XML-based deployment descriptor to specify the non-functional requirements in a declarative way. To enforce these requirements, a process container intercepts the process execution and calls dedicated middleware Web services. We implemented the process container as a lightweight container using a set of A04BPEL aspects that are automatically generated from the deployment descriptor. In addition, we have implemented BPEL middleware Web services for reliable messaging, security, and transaction
Reduced order dynamic model for variable-speed wind turbine with synchronous generator and full power conversion topology (2005)

Wind turbine manufacturers are adapting their equipment to comply with increasingly strict transmission integration requirements. One class of the new turbines being developed is the synchronous machine (either wound field or permanent magnet excited) with full AC/DC/AC power electronic conversion. The topology of the new machines differs considerably from that of more conventional forms of power generation with synchronous generator technology and must be considered when modeling the interaction of the turbines with the transmission system. The focus of this paper is the simulation of the response of a variable-speed wind turbine with a synchronous generator and full power electronics to transmission system disturbances using reduced order models compatible with positive sequence phasor time-domain analysis software (e.g., PSS/E or PSLF). The voltage ride through capability of the wind turbine is investigated and analyzed. The dynamic behavior of the wind turbine under different transient conditions is presented
A new object-order ray-casting algorithm (2003)

Many direct volume rendering algorithms have been proposed during the last decade to render 256/sup 3/ voxels interactively. However a lot of limitations are inherent to all of them, like low-quality images, a small viewport size or a fixed classification. In contrast, interactive high quality algorithms are still a challenge nowadays. We introduce here an efficient and accurate technique called object-order ray-casting that can achieve up to 10 fps on current workstations. Like usual ray-casting, colors and opacities are evenly sampled along the ray, but now within a new object-order algorithm. Thus, it allows to combine the main advantages of both worlds in term of speed and quality. We also describe an efficient hidden volume removal technique to compensate for the loss of early ray termination.
Surface MIMO: Using Conductive Surfaces For MIMO Between Small Devices (2018)

As connected devices continue to decrease in size, we explore the idea of leveraging everyday surfaces such as tabletops and walls to augment the wireless capabilities of devices. Specifically, we introduce Surface MIMO, a technique that enables MIMO communication between small devices via surfaces coated with conductive paint or covered with conductive cloth. These surfaces act as an additional spatial path that enables MIMO capabilities without increasing the physical size of the devices themselves. We provide an extensive characterization of these surfaces that reveal their effect on the propagation of EM waves. Our evaluation shows that we can enable additional spatial streams using the conductive surface and achieve average throughput gains of 2.6-3x for small devices. Finally, we also leverage the wideband characteristics of these conductive surfaces to demonstrate the first Gbps surface communication system that can directly transfer bits through the surface at up to 1.3 Gbps.
Peptostreptococcus productus strain that grows rapidly with CO as the energy source (1984)

Anaerobic bacteria were enriched with a sewage digestor sludge inoculum and a mineral medium supplemented with B-vitamins and 0.05% yeast extract and with a 50% CO-30% N2-20% CO2 (2 atm [202 kPa]) gas phase. Microscopic observation revealed an abundance of gram-positive cocci, 1.0 by 1.4 micron, which occurred in pairs or chains. The coccus, strain U-1, was isolated by using roll tubes with CO as the energy source. Based on morphology, sugars fermented, fermentation products from glucose (H2, acetate, lactate, and succinate), and other features, strain U-1 was identified as Peptostreptococcus productus IIb (similar to the type strain). The doubling time with up to 50% CO was 1.5 h; acetate and CO2 were the major products. In addition, no significant change in the doubling time was observed with 90% CO. Some stock strains were also able to use CO, although not as well. Strain U-1 produced acetate during growth with H2-CO2. Other C1 compounds did not support growth. Most probable numbers of CO utilizers morphologically identical with strain U-1 were 7.5 X 10(6) and 1.1 X 10(5) cells per g for anaerobic digestor sludge and human feces, respectively.
Using automatic memoization as a software engineering tool in real-world AI systems (2002)

Memo functions and memoization are well-known concepts in AI programming. They have been discussed since the sixties and are often used as examples in introductory programming texts. However, the automation of memoization as a practical software engineering tool for AI systems has not received a detailed treatment. This paper describes how automatic memoization can be made viable on a large scale. It points out advantages and uses of automatic memoization not previously described, identifies the components of an automatic memoization facility, enumerates potential memoization failures, and presents a publicly available memoization package (CLAMP) for the Lisp programming language. Experience in applying these techniques in the development of a large planning system is briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical Properties of Diffusion-Type Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Polymer Film (2001)

Abstract In the application of cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) polymer film to mono-color polarizers, diffusive reflection is preferred rather than mirror reflection at the point of visibility. This led us to develop a diffusion-type CLC (D-CLC) film. The newly developed D-CLC film exhibits high circular dichroism with bright color reflection that can be observed from almost all directions. The layer structure of the D-CLC film was directly confirmed by analysis with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the diffusive property and polarization of the reflected light are mainly affected by the layer structure of the D-CLC.
A Nucleus-Targeting DNA Aptamer for Dead Cell Indication (2019)

Dead cells always accompany with live cells in vivo and in cell culture. It is important to distinguish dead cells from live cells in various biological studies. Currently, the probes for dead cells are mainly nucleic acid-intercalators, most of which have low affinity and potential toxicity to live cells. In this work, we report a novel aptameric probe (Ch4-1) for the first time, which binds cell nuclei with high affinity (apparent K<sub>d</sub> = 6.65 ± 3.40 nM). Ch4-1 was generated by Cell-SELEX process, it was identified to target nucleoproteins in cell nuclei. As an oligonucleotide, Ch4-1 cannot penetrate the integrated cell membrane; therefore, it only binds to dead cells rather than live cells. Compared with traditional DNA-targeting nuclear dyes, Ch4-1 possesses a high affinity to the nucleus, no toxicity to live cells, and can be easily labeled with different fluorescent dyes. It was demonstrated to serve as a probe for distinguishing dead cells from live cells in apoptosis assay, as well as for the nuclear staining of tissue sections.
Intralesional Bleomycin Sulfate Therapy for Warts (1991)

• A multiple puncture technique using a bifurcated vaccination needle to introduce bleomycin sulfate (1 U/mL sterile saline solution) into warts resulted in elimination of 92% of a random series of 258 warts after a single treatment. Recurrence was not observed during a 6-month follow-up period. Six of the 66 patients required two to seven treatments for wart eradication, and four patients requested alternative therapy after initial failure with a single bleomycin treatment. (<i>Arch Dermatol.</i>1991;127:234-236)
Preparation Techniques and Nutritive Value of Fermented Foods From the Khasi Tribes of Meghalaya (2006)

Fermented products form an intrinsic part of the diet of the tribal peoples in northeastern India. This study describes the preparation methods and the nutritive value of fermented soybean (tungrymbai), bamboo (lungsiej), and fish (tungtap) consumed by the Khasi tribes from Meghalaya in northeastern India. Results of the analysis are reported on a dry matter basis. Analysis showed that tungtap was a good source of protein (40.6 g/100g), calcium (5040 mg/100g), phosphorus (1930 mg/100 g), sodium (6.26 mg/100g), and potassium (53.18 mg/100g). Tungrymbai contained high amounts of protein (45.9 g/100g), fat (30.2 g/100g), fiber (12.8 g/100g), carotene (212.7 μg/100g), and folic acid (200 μg/100g). Lungsiej was found to be of better nutritive value than its unfermented counterpart in terms of protein (8.5 g/100g) and iron (1 mg/100g on a fresh weight basis). Fermented foods are typical of the region and exhibit unique flavors and textures that may not be palatable to everyone. It is well established that the process of fermentation enhances the nutritional quality of any product by increasing amounts of vitamins and protein solubility, and by improving amino acid patterns and the same is true with these products studied.
Very large effective area singlemode photonic bandgap fibre (2003)

A photonic bandgap fibre consisting of a 34 µm diameter pure silica core surrounded by a periodic cladding has been modelled and characterised. It guides a robust HE11 mode at 1.55 µm with a 517 µm2 effective area and 0.4 dB/m propagation losses.
A 50ppm 600MHz frequency reference utilizing the series resonance of an FBAR (2010)

A 600MHz thin film bulk-acoustic wave resonator (FBAR)-based differential oscillator fabricated in a 0.13μm CMOS process is presented. The oscillator employs a crosscoupled pair with an FBAR resonator tank providing high Q source degeneration to realize frequency oscillation at the series resonance. The measured phase noise is -126 and -150dBc/Hz at 10kHz and 1MHz frequency offsets respectively; the integrated RMS jitter from 10kHz to 20MHz is 50fs. The oscillator achieves a frequency drift of 50ppm over the temperature range from 25 to 110 °C, providing the potential for quartz replacement in some applications. The figure-of-merit (FOM) of the oscillator is 214dB.
Acetylenic Sulfinamides: A Novel Class of Compounds (1976)

Abstract The notable fungicidal properties of acetylenic sulfones1,2 aroused our interest for other functionally substituted acetylenes, in particular those with a sulfonyl group directly attached to the triple bond. This prompted us to carry out some explorative research in the field of acetylenic sulfon-amides and— sulfinamides. The formation of an acetylenic sulfonamide has been claimed by Gladshtein et al.3, who reported the synthesis of (1) in low yield from ethynylmagnesium bromide and sulfuryl chloride, followed by treatment with aniline.
Thermal stability of cobalt silicide stripes on Si (001) (1999)

The effect of lateral scaling on the thermal stability of cobalt disilicide has been investigated on Si (001) substrates. Resistance measurements on four terminal resistors, with linewidth dimensions ranging from 1.3 to 0.5 μm, have been performed after annealing in the range between 900 and 1000 °C. The resistance increases faster in the stripes than in blanket regions. This degradation process has been correlated to the morphological change in the strip cross section, as analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Grain growth, degradation processes at the line edge, and surface and interface roughness have been observed. These analyses show that the lateral constraints of the silicide lines are mainly responsible for the lowering of the silicide thermal stability compared with blanket regions. Moreover, from measurements of agglomerated silicide grains in equilibrium with the substrate, the silicide surface free energy is 2.3 times the free energy of the CoSi2/Si interface.
The method of data exchange between high performance PWM modulator and MCU (2012)

This paper describes an implementation of the serial peripheral interface (SPI) between a microcontroller and a FPGA in a hybrid digital control system for high power converter with increased switching frequency. Detailed description of the FPGA SPI realization is given including CRC processing. Proposed interface can be used in a digital control system for a power converter with a complicated modular structure and higher switching frequency.