gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Wrinkle-Resistant Finishes for Cotton (1957)

A brief discussion is given on the mechanism by which wrinkle-resistant properties are imparted to cotton fabrics by the use of urea- and melamine-type resins. A summary of the chemistry of these products is given. The results of an extensive study of the application of urea, modified urea (ethylene urea), melamine. and modified melamine formaldehyde resins using ammonium, alkanolamine, and metallic inorganic salt ac celerators to cotton fabric are presented. The effect of variations in resin concentration, curing temperature, and time on the wrinkle recovery, tensile strength, tear strength, and discoloration of the treated fabric before and after washing is discussed. This work was designed and analyzed statistically to ensure an accurate and, authoritative presenta tion of the more important properties imparted to cotton fabrie for the systems studied. These data should enable a cotton fabric finisher to select the optimum resins and con ditions of application to obtain the wrinkle-resistant finish best suited for the specific fabric properties desired.
60.5 dB Silicon Mach-Zehnder Interferometer using Self-Optimising Beam-Splitters (2016)

We demonstrate an ultra-high extinction MZI on a reconfigurable silicon photonic chip, using a self-optimising approach to adjust variable beam-splitters. This result paves the way for large-scale integrated photonic quantum information applications.
Generating machine-executable plans from end-user's natural-language instructions (2016)

It is critical for advanced manufacturing machines to autonomously execute a task by following an end-user's natural language (NL) instructions. However, NL instructions are usually ambiguous and abstract so that the machines may misunderstand and incorrectly execute the task. To address this NL-based human-machine communication problem and enable the machines to appropriately execute tasks by following the end-user's NL instructions, we developed a Machine-Executable-Plan-Generation (exePlan) method. The exePlan method conducts task-centered semantic analysis to extract task-related information from ambiguous NL instructions. In addition, the method specifies machine execution parameters to generate a machine-executable plan by interpreting abstract NL instructions. To evaluate the exePlan method, an industrial robot Baxter was instructed by NL to perform three types of industrial tasks {'drill a hole', 'clean a spot', 'install a screw'}. The experiment results proved that the exePlan method was effective in generating machine-executable plans from the end-user's NL instructions. Such a method has the promise to endow a machine with the ability of NL-instructed task execution.
When fonts do not know everything: an extensible system for multilingual text rendering (2007)

Abstract We have been developing a general‐purpose multilingual text‐processing library, which is designed to be extensible. The font layout table is a newly introduced resource that enables users to add support for drawing new scripts and languages. Font layout tables complement fonts; the knowledge required for complex text layout is stored in fonts and/or font layout tables. If a font contains, for example, ligature information, the corresponding font layout table describes the knowledge other than ligatures. A font layout table is used to convert a character code sequence into a glyph string to be displayed. It consists of rules, structured as cascaded stages, that may contain regular expressions and character categories. This combination enables flexible code sequence manipulation. In our multilingual text‐processing library, the drawing module is script‐ and language‐independent. It reads the necessary fonts and font layout tables on demand. Since font layout tables conceal the differences between font formats, the drawing module can handle fonts of different formats in a unified manner. This paper describes the problems in drawing multilingual text, several existing solutions to the problems and their drawbacks, and our solutions in detail. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biodegradation of<i>p</i>-nitrophenol and 4-chlorophenol by<i>Stenotrophomonas</i>sp. (2007)

A bacterium named LZ-1 capable of utilizing high concentrations of p-nitrophenol (PNP) (up to 500 mg L(-1)) as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy was isolated from an activated sludge. Based on the results of phenotypic features and phylogenetic similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain LZ-1 was identified as a Stenotrophomonas sp. Other p-substituted phenols such as 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) were also degraded by strain LZ-1, and both PNP and 4-CP were degraded via the hydroquinone pathway exclusively. Strain LZ-1 could degrade PNP and 4-CP simultaneously and the degradation of PNP was greatly accelerated due to the increased biomass supported by 4-CP. An indigenous plasmid was found to be responsible for phenols degradation. In soil samples, 100 mg kg(-1) of PNP and 4-CP in mixtures were removed by strain LZ-1 (10(6) cells g(-1)) within 14 and 16 days respectively, and degradation activity was maintained over a wide range of temperatures (4-35 degrees C). Therefore, strain LZ-1 can potentially be used in bioremediation of phenolic compounds either individually or as a mixture in the environment.
Specific detection of enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni in food using a polymerase chain reaction (1999)

The use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was described using two sets of primers based on the ceuN gene (JEJ I and JEJ 2) which encodes a protein involved in siderophore transport and 16S rRNA gene (pA and pB) for the sensitive and specific detection of enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni. Six oligonucleotides were utilized in an amplification experiment and PCR products of predicted sizes were generated from whole cells and boiled cell lysates at the same intensity. Two sets of the primer pairs, JEJ and pAB, were specific enough for all C. jejuni strains tested for the direct use of whole cells without DNA extraction or lysis steps. In the PCR using the pAB primer pair, the detection limit, as determined by the ethidium bromide staining of the amplification products on agarose gels, was at the level of 10' bacteria cells or less in both the pure culture and artificially inoculated milk and chicken enrichment samples, whereas the detection limit with the JEJ primer pair was relatively low, i.e. 10 3 cells or more in the same PCR samples. The PCR method using either a primer JEJ or pAB was both repeatable and specific for the detection of C. jejuni in food. This method is simply completed within 4 h.
Incidence of Insulin‐dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Age Groups Over 30 years in Denmark (1994)

The incidence of IDDM in the age group over 30 years was estimated in a historical prospective study, using clinical and biochemical measurements at onset as criteria for classification. The study population, nearly one million, represents 20% of the Danish population. The degree of ascertainment was > 99%. One thousand two hundred and forty patients were treated with insulin during the study period (1973-77). Based on the clinical and biochemical variables, the patients were classified into three groups: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) accounted for 16.2%, insulin-treated diabetes mellitus for 54.1% and short-term treated diabetes mellitus for 29.6% of the total insulin-treated group. The incidence of IDDM in the age group over 30 years at onset was 8.2 100,000(-1) year-1. The cumulative incidence rate (0-90 years) was 1.5-1.6 per cent. The present study indicates that IDDM may develop at any age. Thus the life-time risk of developing IDDM is higher than hitherto expected.
RC-interconnect macromodels for timing simulation (1996)

Article RC-interconnect macromodels for timing simulation Share on Authors: Florentin Dartu Carnegie Mellon University, Department of ECE, Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon University, Department of ECE, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Bogdan Tutuianu University of Texas at Austin, Department of ECE, Austin, TX University of Texas at Austin, Department of ECE, Austin, TXView Profile , Lawrence T. Pileggi Carnegie Mellon University, Department of ECE, Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon University, Department of ECE, Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '96: Proceedings of the 33rd annual Design Automation ConferenceJune 1996 Pages 544–547https://doi.org/10.1145/240518.240621Online:01 June 1996Publication History 5citation211DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads211Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Detection and isolation of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli from watermelon seeds using membrane filtration immunostaining. (2008)

We developed a new method to detect Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli in watermelon seeds, by modifying the membrane filter immunostaining method, which was developed to detect Burkholderia glumae in rice seeds. The detection threshold of this new method for A. avenae subsp. citrulli was several cfu per 100 ml phosphate buffer using 1000 commercial watermelon seeds. Living cells of A. avenae subsp. citrulli could be obtained by stamping the membrane on selective medium plate before immunostaining.
A P1500 compliant BIST-based approach to embedded RAM diagnosis (2001)

This paper deals with the diagnosis of faulty embedded RAMs and outlines the solution which is currently under evaluation within STMicroelectronics. The proposed solution exploits a BIST module implementing a March algorithm, defines a wrapper allowing its interface with a TAP controller, and describes a diagnostic procedure running in the external ATE software environment. The approach allows one to test multiple modules in the same chip through a single TAP interface and is compliant with the proposed P1500 standard for Embedded Core Test. Some preliminary experimental results gathered using a sample circuit are reported, showing the effectiveness of the proposed solution in terms of area and time requirements.
Influence of tea catechins on the digestive tract (1997)

Tea catechins undergo various metabolic changes after they are taken orally, though a large percentage are excreted intact with the feces. Epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of tea against various human cancers, including colon and rectum. The bactericidal property of tea catechins plays several roles in the digestive tract. In the small intestine, catechins inhibit α-amylase activity, and a certain amount is absorbed into the portal vein. Although catechins are bactericidal, they do not affect lactic acid bacteria. Including tea catechins in the diet for several weeks decreases putrefactive products and increases organic acids by lowering pH. These changes were achieved in tube-fed patients by administering 100 mg of tea catechins (equivalent to a cup of green tea) three times daily with meals for 3 weeks. When catechin administration ceased, the effects reversed after 1 week. Catechins should be considered further in colon carcinogenesis studies. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppl. 27:52–58. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Educating for Sportsmanship (1955)

(1955). Educating for Sportsmanship. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 26, No. 6, pp. 36-73.
Mobile IP-DECT internetworking architecture supporting IMT-2000 applications (2001)

Realistic realization and mass acceptance of mobile data services require networking architectures offering acceptable quality of service and attractive tariffs. A novel strategy for this goal is maximum integration of popular data networking standards and their infrastructure into wireless networks. This article discusses a Mobile IP-based network architecture to provide IP services in DECT to support IMT-2000 applications. DECT offers micromobility within multicell subnets, while Mobile IP supports macromobility between multicell subnets. Incorporating Mobile IP into the DECT handoff mechanism in this way extends DECT micromobility with IP macromobility. Also, utilizing fast, seamless DECT handoff management reduces Mobile IP handoff delay to circumvent TCP throughput degradation during handoff and reduce frequency of Mobile IP signaling over the ether to conserve spectral efficiency. This feature seamlessly unifies DECT with the global Internet. Seamless integration of DECT with the Internet is crucial due to the continuing phenomenal popularity of the Internet and wireless communications, and ubiquity of DECT systems. To achieve the above DECT/IP interworking efficiently, the architecture introduces a network entity called a DECT service switching point, which is an extended DECT central control fixed part. DECT network-level services are mapped onto those of the IETF integrated services architecture to maintain QoS provided by DECT in the backbone Internet. Mobile Resource Reservation Protocol, an extended RSVP tailored to mobile networking, is adopted to provide the needed signaling in IntServ. The proposed architecture preserves traditional non-IP based services such as PSTN voice.
Aliovalent Substitutions in Olivine Lithium Iron Phosphate and Impact on Structure and Properties (2009)

Abstract Lithium transition metal phosphate olivines are enabling a new generation of high power, thermally stable, long‐life rechargeable lithium batteries that may prove instrumental in the worldwide effort to develop cleaner and more sustainable energy. Nanoscale (<100 nm) derivatives of the olivine family LiMPO 4 (M = Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) are being adopted in applications ranging in size scale from hybrid and plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles to utilities‐scale power regulation. Following the previous paradigm set with intercalation oxides, most studies have focused on the pure ordered compounds and isovalent substitutions. In contrast, even the possibility for, and role of, aliovalent doping has been widely debated. Here, critical tests of plausible defect compensation mechanisms using compositions designed to accommodate Mg 2+ , Al 3+ , Zr 4+ , Nb 5+ ions on the M1 and/or M2 sites of LiFePO 4 with appropriate charge‐compensating defects are carried out, and conclusive crystallographic evidence for lattice doping, e.g., up to at least 12 atomic percent added Zr, is obtained. Structural and electrochemical analyses show that doping can reduce the lithium miscibility gap, increase phase transformation kinetics during cycling, and expand Li diffusion channels in the structure. Aliovalent modifications may be effective for introducing controlled atomic disorder into the ordered olivine structure to improve battery performance.
Purification of penicillin-induced penicillinase of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> NRRL 569: a comparison of its properties with those of a similarly purified penicillinase produced spontaneously by a constitutive mutant strain (1956)

We wish to express our thanks to Dr Melvin Cohn for much valuable advice during the preliminary work on methods of purification, and one of us (M.R.P.) is greatly indebted to Dr Jacques Monod of the Institut Pasteur, Paris, for the hospitality of his laboratory in which much of the earlier work on isolation ofpenicillinase was carried out. We are also grateful to Dr T. S. Work for help in the chromatographic estimation of amino acids. The photo- graphs were taken by Mr M. R.
<title>Image transformation into device-dependent color printer description using 4th-order polynomial regression and object-oriented programming development of image processing modules</title> (1996)

This paper investigates the development of printer device profiles used in color document printing system environments when devices with intrinsically different gamut capabilities communicate with one another in a common (CIELAB) color space. While the main thrust of this activity focuses on the output printer, namely the Xerox 5760 printer, and its rendition of some device independent image description, characterizations are provided which investigate relative areas of photographic, monitor, and printer gamuts using a visual hue leaf comparison between devices. The printer is modeled using 4th-order polynomial regression which maps the device independent CIELAB image representation into device dependent printer CMYK. This technique results in 1.89 AEEavg over the training data set. Some key properties of the proposed calibration method are as follows: (1) Linearized CMYK tone reproduction curves with respect to AEEpaper to improve the distribution of calibration data in color space. (2) Application of GCR strategy and linearization to the calibration target prior to the regression on the measured CIELAB and original CMY values. Each strategy employs a K addition/No CMY removal method which maximizes printer gamut and relies on the regression to determine the appropriate CMY removal. The following GCR strategies are explored: CMY only (0% K addition), 50% K addition, 100% K addition, and non-linear K addition. A library of image processing algorithms is included, using LabView object oriented programming, which provides a modular approach for key color processing tasks. In the user interface, an image is selected with appropriate GCR strategy, and the program operates on the image. In general, the pictorial image quality is excellent for each GCR strategy with subtle differences between GCR approaches. Quantitative analysis of Q60 color matching performance is included.
Blist: A Boolean List Formulation of CSG Trees (1999)

Set membership classification algorithms visit nodes of a CSG tree through a recursive divide-and-conquer process, which stores intermediate results in a stack, whose depth equals the height, H, of the tree. During this process, the candidate sets is usually subdivided into uniform cells, whose interior is disjoint from primitives&apos; boundaries. Cells inside the CSG object are identified by combining the binary results of classifying them against the primitives. In parallel systems, which allocate a different process to each leaf of the tree, and in algorithms that classify large collections of regularly spaced candidate sets (points, pixels, voxels, rays, or cross-sections) against the primitives using forward differences, a separate stack is associated with each candidate or cell. Our new representation for CSG trees, called Blist, distributes the merging operation to the primitives and reduces the storage requirement for each cell to log(H+1) bits. Blist can represent any Boolean expression as a list of primitives, each containing a reference to the primitive&apos;s description (type, parameter, transformation), a sign, a stamp, and a name. During set membership classification, a label is attached to each cell and passed to the successive primitives in the Blist. When the name written on the label matches the primitive&apos;s name, the cell is classified against the primitive. If the result matches the primitive&apos;s sign, the name stored in the primitive&apos;s stamp is put on the label---if not, a zero name is used. The elimination of the intermediate CSG nodes and of the recursive merging operations make the Blist architecture particularly well suited for parallel hardware configurations. We provide a simple algorithm for converting CSG expressions to Blists. It uses r...
SDPA: Enhancing Stateful Forwarding for Software-Defined Networking (2015)

As the prevailing technique of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), OpenFlow introduces significant programmability, granularity and flexibility for many network applications to effectively manage and process network flows. However, OpenFlow only provides a simple "match-action" paradigm and lacks the function of stateful forwarding for SDN data plane, which limits it to support advanced network applications. Heavily relying on SDN controllers for all state maintenance incurs both scalability and performance issues. In this paper, we propose a novel Stateful Data Plane Architecture (SDPA) for SDN data plane. A co-processing unit, Forwarding Processor (FP), is designed for SDN switches to manage state information through new instructions and state tables. We design and implement an extended OpenFlow protocol to implement the communication between the controller and FP. To demonstrate the practicality and feasibility of our approach, we implement both software and hardware prototypes of SDPA switches, and develop a sample network function chain with stateful firewall, DNS reflection attack defense and NAT applications in one SDPA-based switch. Experimental results show that the SDPA architecture can effectively improve the forwarding efficiency with manageable processing overhead for those applications that need stateful forwarding in SDN-based networks.
Insect Silk: One Name, Many Materials (2009)

Silks play a crucial role in the survival and reproduction of many insects. Labial glands, Malpighian tubules, and a variety of dermal glands have evolved to produce these silks. The glands synthesize silk proteins, which become semicrystalline when formed into fibers. Although each silk contains one dominant crystalline structure, the range of molecular structures that can form silk fibers is greater than any other structural protein group. On the basis of silk gland type, silk protein molecular structure, and the phylogenetic relationship of silk-producing species, we grouped insect silks into 23 distinct categories, each likely to represent an independent evolutionary event. Despite having diverse functions and fundamentally different protein structures, these silks typically have high levels of protein crystallinity and similar amino acid compositions. The substantial crystalline content confers extraordinary mechanical properties and stability to silk and appears to be required for production of fine protein fibers.
Convergence - big potential: microfluidics for food, agriculture and biosystems industries (2010)

Microfluidics, a rapidly emerging enabling technology has the potential to revolutionize food, agriculture and biosystems industries. The principles of eletrokinetics, electro-hydrodynamics, and thermo-capillarity of microfluidic devices help solve important scientific problems that are difficult using conventional technologies. Microfluidic devices allow real-time temporal and spatial sensing in food safety. Nano particle encapsulation of fish oil by spray drying through efficient emulsification; detection of the presence of residues, trace chemicals, antibiotics, pathogens and toxins in the food and water supply monitoring; in micro and nano-filtration to improve food quality; analysis of antibiotics in dairy food products by chip based diagnostic system are few examples of potential applications of microfluidics in food industry. Microfluidics also has the potential to generate novel food structures by changing the way the food processing will be done through emulsions and foams, fluid mixings and dispersions. Monitoring nutrients and sorting plant cells to increase crop quality and production; effective delivery of biopesticides by agricultural spray equipments are emerging applications of microfluidics in agriculture. Applications of microfluidics in the animal science sector include simplifying traditional in-vitro fertilisation procedures in animal breeding, animal health monitoring, therapeutic intervention, and nucleic acid delivery systems using DNA molecules for animal vaccines and animal control agents. The objective of this review is to synthesize information on microfluidic systems and devices that features integrated operations with simple reliable components with applications in agriculture, food and bioprocessing industries.