gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Ebola-Glycoprotein Modulates the Function of Natural Killer Cells (2018)

The Ebola virus (EBOV) uses evasion mechanisms that directly interfere with host T-cell antiviral responses. By steric shielding of human leukocyte antigen class-1, the Ebola glycoprotein (GP) blocks interaction with T-cell receptors (TCRs), thus rendering T cells unable to attack virus-infected cells. It is likely that this mechanism could promote increased natural killer (NK) cell activity against GP-expressing cells by preventing the engagement of NK inhibitory receptors; however, we found that primary human NK cells were less reactive to GP-expressing HEK293T cells. This was manifested as reduced cytokine secretion, a reduction in NK degranulation, and decreased lysis of GP-expressing target cells. We also demonstrated reduced recognition of GP-expressing cells by recombinant NKG2D and NKp30 receptors. In accordance, we showed a reduced monoclonal antibody-based staining of NKG2D and NKp30 ligands on GP-expressing target cells. Trypsin digestion of the membrane-associated GP led to a recovery of the recognition of membrane-associated NKG2D and NKp30 ligands. We further showed that membrane-associated GP did not shield recognition by KIR2DL receptors; in accordance, GP expression by target cells significantly perturbed signal transduction through activating, but not through inhibitory, receptors. Our results suggest a novel evasion mechanism employed by the EBOV to specifically avoid the NK cell immune response.
Erythromycin in the Short- and Long-term Control of Dyspepsia Symptoms in Patients with Gastroparesis (2004)

Treatment of gastroparesis with low-dose erythromycin and low-bulk diet results in a dramatic short-term improvement in the majority of patients. Short-term response predicts long-term response. This response may not be as great, possibly due to tachyphylaxis.
Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Protein Modulates Transcription through a Novel Cellular Transcription Factor SRCAP (2000)

Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein transcriptionally modulates cellular genes and promotes cell growth. NS5A is likely to exert its activity in concert with cellular factor(s). Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we have demonstrated that NS5A interacts with the C-terminal end of a newly identified cellular transcription factor, SRCAP. The authenticity of this interaction was verified by a mammalian two-hybrid assay, in vitro pull-down experiment, and an in vivo coimmunoprecipitation assay in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. An in vitro transient transfection assay demonstrated that SRCAP can efficiently activate transcription when recruited by the Gal4 DNA-binding domain to the promoter. However, down-regulation of p21 promoter activity by NS5A was enhanced following ectopic expression of SRCAP. Together these results suggest that the interaction of NS5A and SRCAP may be one of the mechanisms by which NS5A exerts its effect on cell growth regulation contributing to hepatitis C virus-mediated pathogenesis.
Generating Guitar Scores from a MIDI Source (1997)

Most music-related software packages were designed for students to learn music theories or for the music professionals to compose music. However, amateur music instrument players often need another form - acquiring an instrument -specific score from a music source. In this paper, we describe a software package capable of automatically generating guitar chords and finger styles from music sources in MIDI format. The software program extracts melody from a MIDI file, uses weighted rules based on harmonics to select appropriate chords, and then uses principles of guitar composition to generate a six-line score. This program, developed under MS Windows environments, also allow users to interactively edit chords and finger styles in order to create a customized guitar score. 1. Introduction Computer music has been an active field for several decades. Most software applications developed have been to assist music composers to create synthetical music. Creating a good piece of music not onl...
Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Hydrogels in Drug Delivery: A Perspective Review (2014)

The use of biologics, polymers, silicon materials, carbon materials, and metals has been proposed for the preparation of innovative drug delivery devices. One of the most promising materials in this field are the carbon-nanotubes composites and hybrid materials coupling the advantages of polymers (biocompatibility and biodegradability) with those of carbon nanotubes (cellular uptake, stability, electromagnatic, and magnetic behavior). The applicability of polymer-carbon nanotubes composites in drug delivery, with particular attention to the controlled release by composites hydrogel, is being extensively investigated in the present review.
Ecology of and control strategies for <i>Calamagrostis</i><i>canadensis</i> in boreal forest sites (1993)

Calamagrostiscanadensis (Michx.) Beauv. is a widely distributed rhizomatous grass that can seriously inhibit growth of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings in the boreal forests of North America. We review the dynamics of this grass during four successional stages: the colonization of disturbed sites; dominance of the site by the grass a few years after disturbance; gradual loss of dominance with overstory development; and maintenance of the grass at low levels in the understory of the mature forest. We also describe C. canadensis in relation to recruitment from clonal growth and seed, environmental conditions for growth, the effects of grass litter buildup on conifer seedling microclimate, and overall competitive abilities. Control strategies for C. canadensis are as follows. If the grass is found in nearly every square metre in the understory prior to logging, there will be rapid spread when the stand is clear-cut unless clones are killed using herbicides or a deep burn. Large spruce seedlings, planted on large soil scalps or mounds, coupled with release by way of herbicides or sheep grazing, may be necessary for plantation establishment under conditions of encroachment by C. canadensis. Alternatively, the shade provided by a partial canopy may inhibit the grass sufficiently to allow spruce seedlings to establish. If grass is not abundant in the understory, we recommend (i) minimizing forest floor disturbance to reduce sites for grass seedling colonization or (ii) a slash burn with the hope of encouraging colonization by herbaceous species that have less impact on conifer seedlings.
THE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE NEUTRAL AMMONIUM SALTS OF ORGANIC ACIDS. (1914)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE NEUTRAL AMMONIUM SALTS OF ORGANIC ACIDS.LeRoy McMasterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1914, 36, 4, 742–747Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1914Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1914https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02181a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02181a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views169Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Minidefensins and other antimicrobial peptides: candidate anti-HIV microbicides (2003)

Antimicrobial peptides have long been presumed to act as effector molecules of innate immunity. However, direct evidence that antimicrobial peptides have central roles in host defence has only recently become available. An overview of the types and characteristics of endogenous human antimicrobial peptides and proteins is presented, with particular emphasis on peptides that are active against HIV. These antiviral peptides are discussed in the context of utilising natural peptides for the design of effective topical microbicides for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Several antimicrobial peptides, termed minidefensins, are potently active against HIV, and bear structural similarity to their larger defensin cousins. Strategies to develop potent peptide antibiotics based on defensin and minidefensin templates are promising in the development of antiviral therapeutics and preventatives.
Ultrabroadband multiplex CARS microspectroscopy and imaging using a subnanosecond supercontinuum light source in the deep near infrared (2008)

Subnanosecond supercontinuum (SC) has been generated by a 1,064 nm microchip laser combined with a photonic crystal fiber. The ultrabroadband (>2,000 cm(-1)) SC has facilitated multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy in the spectral range from 1,000 to 3,000 cm(-1) with lateral and depth spatial resolution of 0.9 and 4.6 microm, respectively. A clear CARS image of a Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow 2 cell has been obtained with high vibrational contrast.
THE EMERGENCE OF LOW-FREQUENCY ACTIVE ACOUSTICS AS A CRITICAL ANTISUBMARINE WARFARE TECHNOLOGY (1992)

For the three decades following World War II, the United States realized unparalleled success in strategic and tactical antisubmarine warfare operations by exploiting the high acoustic source levels of Soviet submarines to achieve long detection ranges. The emergence of the quiet Soviet submarine in the 1980s mandated that new and revolutionary approaches to submarine detection be developed if the United States was to continue to achieve its traditional antisubmarine warfare effectiveness. Since it is immune to sound-quieting efforts, low-frequency active acoustics has been proposed as a replacement for traditional passive acoustic sensor systems. The underlying science and physics behind this technology are currently being investigated as part of an urgent U.S. Navy initiative, but the United States and its NATO allies have already begun development programs for fielding sonars using low-frequency active acoustics. Although these first systems have yet to become operational in deep water, research is also under way to apply this technology to Third World shallow-water areas and to anticipate potential countermeasures that an adversary may develop.
Specific heat of single-walled carbon nanotubes (2003)

The specific heat of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT's) is studied theoretically in this paper. Making use of the continuum model, phonon dispersion relations are derived numerically and analytically. Finally, expressions for specific heat versus temperature are derived theoretically, and we find that the lattice wave propagating along the length of the SWNT plays the principle role in deciding the value of the specific heat. Our theoretical results agree well with experimental data [Science 289,1730 (2000)].
Advanced drug delivery to the lymphatic system: lipid-based nanoformulations (2013)

The delivery of drugs and bioactive compounds via the lymphatic system is complex and dependent on the physiological uniqueness of the system. The lymphatic route plays an important role in transporting extracellular fluid to maintain homeostasis and in transferring immune cells to injury sites, and is able to avoid first-pass metabolism, thus acting as a bypass route for compounds with lower bioavailability, ie, those undergoing more hepatic metabolism. The lymphatic route also provides an option for the delivery of therapeutic molecules, such as drugs to treat cancer and human immunodeficiency virus, which can travel through the lymphatic system. Lymphatic imaging is useful in evaluating disease states and treatment plans for progressive diseases of the lymph system. Novel lipid-based nanoformulations, such as solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, have unique characteristics that make them promising candidates for lymphatic delivery. These formulations are superior to colloidal carrier systems because they have controlled release properties and provide better chemical stability for drug molecules. However, multiple factors regulate the lymphatic delivery of drugs. Prior to lymphatic uptake, lipid-based nanoformulations are required to undergo interstitial hindrance that modulates drug delivery. Therefore, uptake and distribution of lipid-based nanoformulations by the lymphatic system depends on factors such as particle size, surface charge, molecular weight, and hydrophobicity. Types of lipid and concentration of the emulsifier are also important factors affecting drug delivery via the lymphatic system. All of these factors can cause changes in intermolecular interactions between the lipid nanoparticle matrix and the incorporated drug, which in turn affects uptake of drug into the lymphatic system. Two lipid-based nanoformulations, ie, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, have been administered via multiple routes (subcutaneous, pulmonary, and intestinal) for targeting of the lymphatic system. This paper provides a detailed review of novel lipid-based nanoformulations and their lymphatic delivery via different routes, as well as the in vivo and in vitro models used to study drug transport in the lymphatic system. Physicochemical properties that influence lymphatic delivery as well as the advantages of lipid-based nanoformulations for lymphatic delivery are also discussed.
Importance of Food pH in Commerical Canning Operations (2003)

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at libscua@okstate.edu or by phone at 405-744-6311.
LC-MS-based metabolomics analysis to identify meprin-β-associated changes in kidney tissue from mice with STZ-induced type 1 diabetes and diabetic kidney injury (2019)

Meprin metalloproteases have been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the meprin-β gene have been associated with DKD in Pima Indians, a Native American ethnic group with an extremely high prevalence of DKD. In African American men with diabetes, urinary meprin excretion positively correlated with the severity of kidney injury. In mice, meprin activity decreased at the onset of diabetic kidney injury. Several studies have identified meprin targets in the kidney. However, it is not known how proteolytic processing of the targets by meprins impacts the metabolite milieu in kidneys. In the present study, global metabolomics analysis identified differentiating metabolites in kidney tissues from wild-type and meprin-β knockout mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes. Kidney tissues were harvested at 8 wk post-STZ and analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis identified >200 peaks associated with diabetes. Meprin expression-associated metabolites with strong variable importance of projection scores were indoxyl sulfate, <i>N</i>-γ-l-glutamyl-l-aspartic acid, <i>N</i>-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, inosine, and <i>cis</i>-5-decenedioic acid. <i>N</i>-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide has been previously implicated in kidney injury, and its isomers, 4-PY and 2-PY, are markers of peroxisome proliferation and inflammation that correlate with creatinine clearance and glucose tolerance. Meprin deficiency-associated differentiating metabolites with high variable importance of projection scores were cortisol, hydroxymethoxyphenylcarboxylic acid-<i>O</i>-sulfate, and isovaleryalanine. The data suggest that meprin-β activity enhances diabetic kidney injury in part by altering the metabolite balance in kidneys, favoring high levels of uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate and <i>N</i>-methyl-pyridone-carboxamide.
Occurrence and Distribution of Chalk Brood Disease of Honeybees (1985)

(1985). Occurrence and Distribution of Chalk Brood Disease of Honeybees. Bee World: Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 9-15.
<title>Two-photon three-dimensional memory</title> (1990)

A new type of memory device is presented which takes advantage of the volume of a storage material in order to achieve extremely high information density and capacity. The unique properties of two-photon materials allows for reading and writing to any localized region throughout the volume of material. In addition to the high capacity the 2-photon 3-D memory system has been designed to access up to 106 bits in a single clock cycle. This large parallelism combined with an access time of 1/1 sec gives a memory bandwidth of 1012 bits/sec. It is shown that this value of memory bandwidth far exceeds that available from current memory systems and therefore is well-suited for the demands of current and future supercomputing systems. 1.
An application of pvdf-film to medical transducers (1981)

Abstract A fetal heart sound transducer and an uterine contraction monitor transducer are designed utilizing an extended PVDF-film with the transverse effect due to d 31 constant and silicone rubber. A receiving and a transmitting part of array are fabricated on the film constructing the transducer so that the frequency response of the transducer on abdominal wall can be detected for each patient. The useful clinical data on fetal heart sound and the frequency spectrum have been obtained and uterine contraction monitoring is performed.
An auto-switch for multisampling of a wire beam electrode corrosion monitoring system (1998)

An auto-switch device has been designed, constructed, and tested for multisensor corrosion measurements. The auto-switch is able to connect/disconnect the selected wire beam electrode and/or electrode pairs under computer control. A computer controlled analog switch-array consisting of 100 inputs has been used as an essential part of the switch bank. The switch-bank is an essential component of a corrosion-monitoring instrument that is expected to find wide application in industry. The performance of the switch-bank is discussed and its effect on the signals is illustrated.
Hydrolytic degradation characteristics of aliphatic polyesters derived from lactic and glycolic acids (1999)

During the past decade, important advances have been made in the understanding of the hydrolytic degradation characteristics of aliphatic polyesters derived from lactic acid (LA) and glycolic acid (GA). Degradation of large poly(LAGA) (PLAGA) polymers is autocatalyzed by carboxyl end groups initially present or generated upon ester bond cleavage. Faster internal degradation and degradation-induced morphological and compositional changes are three of the most important findings deduced from the behaviors of various PLAGA polymers. This review presents the state of the art in this domain. The research efforts are focused on detailing the degradation mechanism and the effects of various factors on the degradation of PLAGA polymers. An attempt is also made to elaborate a scheme that can be used to predict degradation characteristics of these polymers from their initial composition and morphology.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for <i>in situ</i> Cure Monitoring of Dimethacrylate-Based Networks (2000)

In this study, near-infrared transmission spectroscopy is investigated as an alternative technique for the real-time cure monitoring of thermosets systems. Two polymer systems based on dimethacrylate/styrene and dimethacrylate/divinylbenzene monomers were studied in order to check the influence of comonomer functionality. A new device utilizing ITO (indium-tin-oxide)-coated glass plates was developed to take into account the specificity of chain polymerization: oxygen inhibition, bulk polymerization, etc. Two absorption bands at 6166 and 6135 cm −1 suitable for in situ monitoring of methacrylate and vinyl double bonds were identified, and the molar absorption coefficient was determined. A quantitative analysis allows us to calculate the double-bond conversion during the polymerization in isothermal conditions between 60 and 80 °C.
Lithium Alkoxyacetylenides: Direct Access by a New and Convenient General Route (1985)

Synthese des composes du titre (I) par reaction des (alkyl chloro-1 dibromo-2,2 vinyl) ethers avec le butyl-lithium dans le THF. Reaction de (I) avec des electrophiles conduisant a des ethers et hydroxyethers acetyleniques
Packet Video Error Concealment With Auto Regressive Model (2011)

In this paper, auto regressive (AR) model is applied to error concealment for block-based packet video coding. In the proposed error concealment scheme, the motion vector for each corrupted block is first derived by any kind of recovery algorithms. Then each pixel within the corrupted block is replenished as the weighted summation of pixels within a square centered at the pixel indicated by the derived motion vector in a regression manner. Two block-dependent AR coefficient derivation algorithms under spatial and temporal continuity constraints are proposed respectively. The first one derives the AR coefficients via minimizing the summation of the weighted square errors within all the available neighboring blocks under the spatial continuity constraint. The confidence weight of each pixel sample within the available neighboring blocks is inversely proportional to the distance between the sample and the corrupted block. The second one derives the AR coefficients by minimizing the summation of the weighted square errors within an extended block in the previous frame along the motion trajectory under the temporal continuity constraint. The confidence weight of each extended sample is inversely proportional to the distance toward the corresponding motion aligned block whereas the confidence weight of each sample within the motion aligned block is set to be one. The regression results generated by the two algorithms are then merged to form the ultimate restorations. Various experimental results demonstrate that the proposed error concealment strategy is able to improve both the objective and subjective quality of the replenished blocks compared to other methods.