gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte signalling : mechanisms, subversion, and manipulation (1997)

Antigen receptor structure and signalling in B cells antigen receptor structure and signalling in T cells role of ras in T cell activation early response genes and B cell activation cyclosporin sensitive genes in T cells phospholipases and lymphpocyte activation CD40 signalling in T1 vs TD responses in B cells CD19-CD21 signals on B cells Cd23 and B-T interactions CD4, CD8, CD28 (second phase) signalling in T cells.
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy and phase transformation in Co-Pt alloy (1984)

A magnetic characterization of the CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Pt <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> system with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0\leqx\leq0.8</tex> has been made. The anisotropy field (H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</inf> ) of both the hard magnetic phases, i.e. hexagonal at low Pt content and tetragonal around the equiatomic composition, has been measured by the singular point detection technique (SPD). The dependence of H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</inf> on composition and temperature is given. The solid state transformation diagram at low Pt content has been completed by using the thermomagnetic analysis (TMA).
Sub-0.2 micron gate lithography using E-beam, X-ray and optical technologies-an overview (2005)

The number of options for performing sub-0.2 um GaAs FET gate lithography has expanded recently to include shaped-beam e-beam systems, prototype X-ray steppers and optical steppers using phase-shift mask (PSM) technology. An overview of the alternatives is presented which may aid in selection of the "best" technology option for a given application.
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells with Enhanced Performance Using TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes via Rational Surface Engineering (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Optimal fetal growth for the Caucasian singleton and assessment of appropriateness of fetal growth: an analysis of a total population perinatal database (2005)

Proportion of optimal birth weight (length or head circumference) provides a method of assessing appropriateness of intrauterine growth that is less dependent on the health of the reference population or the quality of their morphometric data than is percentile position on a birth weight distribution.
Effect of<i>Lactobacillus</i>ingestion on the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier alterations induced by indometacin in humans (2001)

Regular ingestion of LGG protects the integrity of the gastric mucosal barrier against indometacin, but has no effect at the intestinal level.
<b>Oxygen Chemistry of the (CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>P Group: the Diphosphoxane; the Phosphinous Acid, Esters and Related Phosphine Oxides; Phosphinyl Halides and Infrared Spectra</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen Chemistry of the (CF3)2P Group: the Diphosphoxane; the Phosphinous Acid, Esters and Related Phosphine Oxides; Phosphinyl Halides and Infrared SpectraJames E. Griffiths and Anton B. BurgCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 18, 3442–3450Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00877a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00877a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analytical analysis of applying aggregation with fragment retransmission on IEEE 802.11e EDCA network in saturated conditions (2012)

Wireless local area networking has experienced tremendous growth in the last ten years with the proliferation of IEEE 802.11 devices. The first IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC) technique of 802.11 is called Distributed Coordination Function (DCF. In order to enhance the throughput, new mechanism access control techniques are developed by TGn group of IEEE 802.11n. The main purpose of AFR mechanism is to retransmit only the corrupted fragment from large frame including multiple aggregated packets that leads to overhead reduction. This paper investigates a theoretical analysis of Aggregation with fragment retransmission, based on computing saturation throughput for DCF and AFR mechanisms. We provide a simple and accurate analytical model to calculate the Maximum MAC throughput to evaluate performances of AFR. We study the application of AFR on differentiated IEEE 802.11EDCA services.
Method for the Reduction of the Harmonic Content of High-Intensity Acoustic Pulses (1965)

A method has been devised for reducing the level of specific harmonics from underwater sound sources by introducing an out-of-phase harmonic signal at the electrical input to the system. Experimental results show that a significant reduction in harmonic level can be obtained by this method.
Influence of the different biokinetics of sestamibi and tetrofosmin on the interpretation of myocardial perfusion imaging in daily practice (2007)

Despite a lower cardiac uptake, the more rapid liver clearance of tetrofosmin than sestamibi significantly improves the ratios of cardiac to digestive activity, especially after exercise or at rest. These quantitative differences in biokinetics result in less poor scans with tetrofosmin in daily practice.
Conclusion (2008)

Chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can prolong survival and improve quality of life, but the majority of advanced stage patients succumb to disease within 2 years, meaning that there is room for improvement. The standard chemotherapy for NSCLC involves one of a number of chemotherapy doublets that have been shown to improve survival when compared with single agents or best supportive care. These doublets are generally comparable in terms of efficacy, differing primarily in their toxicity profiles. However, encouraging new options may be approaching, including therapies targeted to specific patient subpopulations, and the use of combinations of current and new drugs to produce synergistic effects. Targeted therapies include the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) erlotinib and gefitinib, EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors such as sorafenib, a small molecule TKI, and bevacizumab, a recombinant monoclonal VEGF antibody. Most attempts to combine EGFR-targeted therapies with standard chemotherapy in NSCLC have produced poor results, possibly as a result of antagonism between EGFR TKIs and chemotherapy. Positive results with bevacizumab suggest that VEGF-rather than EGFR-targeted therapies may produce better results when combined with chemotherapy. Other new drugs being tested include enzastaurin, an oral serine threonine kinase inhibitor; vinflunine, a vinca alkaloid; dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors; and thymidylate synthase inhibitors. Combinations of therapies, especially those acting via different mechanisms, hold promise for improvements in survival, but careful testing is required to determine optimum combinations of available drugs and where new drugs fit into the armamentarium.
Efficacy of Routine Fetal Ultrasound Screening for Congenital Heart Disease in Normal Pregnancy (1996)

These results suggest that the current mode of routine prenatal ultrasound screening for congenital malformations is inefficient, particularly for cardiac anomalies.
Pauses in spontaneous written communication: A keystroke logging study (2014)

Spontaneous writing observed in chats, instant messengers, and social media has become established as productive modes of communication and discourse genres. However, they remain understudied from the perspective of writing process research. In this paper, we present an empirical study wherein keystrokes made by chat users in a game were recorded. The distributions of the inter-key intervals were analyzed and fitted with ex-Gaussian distribution equation, and an argument for psycholinguistic interpretation of the distribution parameters is presented. This analysis leads to establishing a threshold of 500 ms for the identification of pauses in spontaneous writing. Furthermore, we demonstrate that pauses longer than 1.2 s may correspond to higher-level linguistic processing beyond a single propositional expression (functional element of the discourse).
Living Chips and Chips for the living (2012)

In this paper we present a “polymer-last” approach for the fabrication of (partly) flexible and stretchable sensors assemblies. The “Flex-to-Rigid” (F2R) platform is based on this approach and especially designed for the fabrication of very small sensor systems which can be folded into, or around the tip of minimal invasive instruments such as laparoscopic instruments, catheters or guide-wires. As an example the fabrication and assembly of a combined pressure and flow sensor on the tip of a 360 μm diameter guide-wire is presented. The F2R platform uses standard silicon manufacturing equipment in a standard production environment and is therefore suitable for high volume production. Using the same “polymerlast” approach stretchable circuits have been fabricated. As an example a stretchable Micro-Electrode Array for electrophysiology is demonstrated. The paper ends with an outlook on an entire new field in micro fabrication where living cells are co-integrated with silicon bases micro-systems resulting in truly Living Chips.
Recursive Bayesian Filters for RSS-Based Device-Free Localization and Tracking (2018)

Received signal strength (RSS)-based device-free localization applications utilize the communication between wireless devices for locating people within the monitored area. The technology is based on the fact that humans cause changes in properties of the wireless channel which is observed in the RSS, enabling localization of people without requiring them to carry any sensor, tag or device. Typically this inverse problem is solved using an empirical model that relates the RSS to location of the sensors and person, and utilizing either an imaging method or a particle filter (PF) for positioning. In this paper, we present an extended Kalman filtering (EKF) solution that incorporates some of the beneficial properties of the PF but has a lower computational overhead. In order to make the EKF work, we also need to reconsider how the measurements are sampled and processed, and a new processing scheme is proposed. The developments are validated using simulations and experimental data, and the results imply: i) the non-linear filters outperform a popular imaging method; ii) the robustness of the EKF and PF is improved using the proposed processing scheme; and iii) the EKF achieves similar performance as the PF as long as the new processing scheme is used.
CAIS (1994)

Many software engineering tasks have a synchronous component that requires the participants to assemble together at the same time and place. This approach is expensive in terms of traveling, scheduling and human resources. Existing computer tools mitigate these constraints by adding structure to the meeting, providing on-line document support, and distributing the participants over geographic boundaries. The constraint remains, however, that all participants participate at the same timeWe propose relaxing the time constraint in software engineering tasks to resolve issues non-concurrently, in effect reducing (and in some cases eliminating) the need for the synchronous meeting. We hypothesize that support for asynchrony will enable software engineering teams to work together as effectively in different times as in same time.We have chosen software inspection as our candidate software engineering task because it is well-understood, highly-structured, and widely-practiced. We have designed and developed a Collaborative Asynchronous Inspection of Software (CAIS) meeting prototype that supports the meeting part of inspection. CAIS allows participants to effectively "meet" even when separated by time zones and working schedules. We have conducted a pilot study comparing the manual and CAIS meetings and present our results and lessons learned.
<title>Materials Requirements For Optical Processing And Computing Devices</title> (1984)

Devices for optical processing and computing systems are discussed with emphasis on the materials requirements imposed by functional constraints. Generalized optical processing and computing systems are described in order to identify principal categories of requisite components for complete system implementation. Three principal device categories are selected for analysis in some detail: spatial light modulators, volume holographic optical elements, and bistable optical devices. The implications for optical processing and computing systems of the identified materials requirements for these device categories are described, and directions for future research are proposed.
Increased Certainty in the Determination of Zonal Isolation through the Integration of Annulus Geometry Imaging and Improved Solid-Fluid Discrimination (2009)

Abstract The zonal isolation behind casing was critical during a major field development project in the Middle East. However, the assessment whether the cement bond will hold against hydraulic communication or not has not always been an easy task; slurry contamination during pumping, slurry invasion by formation hydrocarbons especially gas, channeling through the cement sheath, patchy cement, annulus shape and casing excentralization inside the outer wellbore are all factors that have traditionally made it difficult and sometimes even impossible to judge the zonal isolation behind casing between various zones of the reservoir. A new approach was adopted for the assessment of the cement bond behind casing in this project. The technique combines the conventional "pulse – echo" ultrasonic measurement with that of a newly introduced flexural waveform. The analysis from this combination allows a better discrimination between solid, liquid and gas behind casing and it also provides, for the first time, a comprehensive assessment of the annulus shape and casing centralization inside open hole or inside the second casing string. This latter casing stand-off measurement has proven to be instrumental when deciding whether the cement sheath will hold against hydraulic communication or not. In this paper we will discuss the data that was acquired in four wells from this project. We aim at proving the clear benefit of this new approach for the assessment of zonal isolation behind casing.
The Insatiable Quest for Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Molecular Imaging (2010)

A multitalented protein: Fluorescence and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, FRET and BRET, respectively, are viable strategies for the generation of near-infrared light for in vivo imaging. In a recent ground-breaking study, luciferase was used first to mediate the growth and stability of quantum dots and then as a light source for BRET (see picture).
Lp String Stability of Cascaded Systems: Application to Vehicle Platooning (2014)

Nowadays, throughput has become a limiting factor in road transport. An effective means to increase the road throughput is to employ a small intervehicle time gap using automatic vehicle-following control systems. String stability, i.e., the disturbance attenuation along the vehicle string, is considered an essential requirement for the design of those systems. However, the formal notion of string stability is not unambiguous in literature, since both stability and performance interpretations exist. Therefore, a novel definition for string stability of nonlinear cascaded systems is proposed, using input-output properties. This definition is shown to result in well-known string stability conditions for linear cascaded systems. The theoretical results are experimentally validated using a platoon of six passenger vehicles equipped with cooperative adaptive cruise control.
Diabetes Complications Severity Index (DCSI)—Update and ICD-10 translation (2017)

While the performance of the tool with purely ICD-10 data has yet to be evaluated, this updated tool makes assessment of diabetes patient severity and complications possible in the interim.
A simple and inexpensive nanoliter-volume dispenser for highly viscous materials used in membrane protein crystallization (2005)

Macromolecular crystallization trials involve the testing of large numbers of chemical and environmental conditions. For each, a certain amount of protein and precipitant is required. In the case of membrane proteins, detergent and lipids must be included in the screen, which adds to the number of trials performed. With rare exceptions, membrane proteins come at a premium. Thus, there is a pressing need to scale down the screening process so as to make most efficient use of these scarce materials. Lipids and detergents can also be very expensive and miniaturization is of benefit here too. Recently, a glass-plate system for crystallizing membrane proteins by the in meso method was introduced [Cherezov & Caffrey (2003). J. Appl. Cryst. 36 , 1372–1377; Caffrey (2003). J. Struct. Biol. 142 , 108–132]. The protocol calls for the handling of small volumes of lipidic/protein dispersions that are extraordinarily viscous. A positive-displacement syringe-based tool was implemented for the preparation and dispensing of these refractory mixtures. However, the device, assembled from commercial parts, operated with microliter-sized samples and was not as economical as it could be in terms of delivered volumes. To effect further miniaturization, and thus conservation of materials, the dispenser has been modified in a way that facilitates accurate and precise repetitive delivery by hand of nanoliter volumes of liquids and of highly viscous dispersions. Here the modifications, which can be made simply and inexpensively to commercially available parts, along with the performance characteristics of the newly configured dispenser, are described
Identification of a regulatory region of integrin beta 1 subunit using activating and inhibiting antibodies (1993)

Members of the beta 1 integrin subfamily recognize multiple ligands such as fibronectin, laminin, and collagen and mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. beta 1 subunit may play a central role in regulating beta 1 integrin avidity. Here we have identified a small region of beta 1 subunit (residues 207-218) that is critical for the binding of both activating (8A2, A1A5, and TS2/16) and inhibiting (4B4, 4B5, 13, AIIB2, and P4C10) monoclonal antibodies against human beta 1 using interspecies chimeric beta 1 and site-directed mutagenesis. Chicken beta 1 that has human sequence within residues 207-218 (CH mutant) is recognized by all the human specific antibodies listed above. The region 207-218 is located between the two putative ligand binding sites (residues 120-182 and 220-231), and the amino acid sequence of the region involves a predicted bend structure. The other anti-beta 1 antibodies that do not affect cell attachment to ligands (K20, 102DF5, LM442, and LM534) recognized the carboxyl-terminal regions of extracellular domain of beta 1 (residues 426-587 for K20 and 588-708 for 102DF5, LM442, and LM534, respectively). Our data suggest a potential mechanism for the avidity regulation of beta 1 integrin through conformational changes of beta 1 subunit.
Introduction (2006)

Judging the quality of human life before "art had moulded our behavior," Rousseau concludes that "human nature was not at bottom better then than now; but men found their security in the ease with which they could see through one another, and this advantage, of which we no longer feel the value, prevented their having many vices."1 In this passage and elsewhere, Rousseau invites us to imagine a form of life in which it was impossible to conceal one's real intentions from others, each person's outward demeanor being a true reflection of his immediate purpose. "What happiness would it be," Rousseau laments, "if our external appearance were always a true mirror of our hearts."2 As long as human beings retained this quality, all those vices requiring duplicity were excluded from their social intercourse. With nothing to hide, men and women were content to live together in common huts and "to have the gods for witnesses to their actions."3 KeywordsCivic VirtueSocial Contract TheoryHuman AssociationCooperative QualityOpaque ConditionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Introduction to image technology (1990)

Business today is wrestling with mountains of paper that must be moved, filed, located, and moved again from person to person. Often the paper must be stored for extended periods of time, sometimes as long as seven or more years. The long-term storage of paper records is becoming more and more costly. An image system not only makes the document capture, retention, and retrieval process more cost efficient, but also makes it a faster service to the users. The purpose of this paper is to explain the basic concepts of image processing in business.
Lethal Dissemination of H5N1 Influenza Virus Is Associated with Dysregulation of Inflammation and Lipoxin Signaling in a Mouse Model of Infection (2010)

Periodic outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses and the current H1N1 pandemic highlight the need for a more detailed understanding of influenza virus pathogenesis. To investigate the host transcriptional response induced by pathogenic influenza viruses, we used a functional-genomics approach to compare gene expression profiles in lungs from 129S6/SvEv mice infected with either the fully reconstructed H1N1 1918 pandemic virus (1918) or the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 virus Vietnam/1203/04 (VN/1203). Although the viruses reached similar titers in the lung and caused lethal infections, the mean time of death was 6 days for VN/1203-infected animals and 9 days for mice infected with the 1918 virus. VN/1203-infected animals also exhibited an earlier and more potent inflammatory response. This response included induction of genes encoding components of the inflammasome. VN/1203 was also able to disseminate to multiple organs, including the brain, which correlated with changes in the expression of genes associated with hematological functions and lipoxin biogenesis and signaling. Both viruses elicited expression of type I interferon (IFN)-regulated genes in wild-type mice and to a lesser extent in mice lacking the type I IFN receptor, suggesting alternative or redundant pathways for IFN signaling. Our findings suggest that VN/1203 is more pathogenic in mice as a consequence of several factors, including the early and sustained induction of the inflammatory response, the additive or synergistic effects of upregulated components of the immune response, and inhibition of lipoxin-mediated anti-inflammatory responses, which correlated with the ability of VN/1203 to disseminate to extrapulmonary organs.