gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transformation of cortisone acetate using immobilized Arthrobacter simplex cells. (1998)

A new cell immobilization method was developed in which cells of Arthrobacter simplex BY-2-3-51 were immobilized by entrapment with a polyvinyl alcohol-alginate complex carrier. The immobilized cells preparation contains spherical beads with high mechanical strength and delta 1-dehydrogenase activity. The activation conditions and enzymatic properties of the immobilized cells were studied. When the initial substrate concentration was 20 mg/mL, the conversion of cortisone acetate to prednisone acetate by immobilized cells in the shaken culture was 98% at 18 hours. The stability of immobilized cells was maintained by activation at proper times.
A New IGBT Module with Insulated Metal Baseplate(IMB) and 7th Generation Chips (2015)

In this paper, a highly reliable IGBT module employing newly developed IMB(insulated metal baseplate) and 7th generation chips is presented. IMB, which consists of insulating resin sheet with high thermal conductivity, copper baseplate and thick copper foil, realizes good heat dissipation and the needed isolation voltage. Also, by adopting IMB, thermal cycling is enhanced and the effective area of chip mounting increased by 23%. By introducing direct potting resin, power cycling and gas barrier performance are improved. The module integrates 7th generation CSTBTTM IGBT and diode. Eoff of proposed IGBT module realized a reduction of 20% by the suppression of tail current.
Polymer-bound sulfonylhydrazine functionality. Preparation, characterization, and reactions of copoly(styrene-divinylbenzenesulfonylhydrazine) (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymer-bound sulfonylhydrazine functionality. Preparation, characterization, and reactions of copoly(styrene-divinylbenzenesulfonylhydrazine)David W. Emerson, Richard R. Emerson, Surendra C. Joshi, Elizabeth M. Sorensen, and James E. TurekCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 25, 4634–4640Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00393a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00393a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MILESTONES FOR U.S. HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION AND THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION (1996)

This feature presents a time line of significant events in the history of highway transportation in America from 1892 to the present. It begins with the 1892 organizational meeting for the National League for Good Roads in Chicago and ends with the 1995 passage of the National Highway System Designation Act. Sidebars list the chief administrative officers from 1893 to 1996 for the agency that started out as the Office of Road Inquiry and eventually became the Federal Highway Administration, as well as the change in titles that the agency went through.
Removal of<sup>234,238</sup>U,<sup>226</sup>Ra,<sup>210</sup>Po and<sup>210</sup>Pb from drinking water by ion exchange (2000)

Six organic and five inorganic ion exchangers were studied for the removal of natural radionuclides from drinking water. In the first phase, distribution coefficients (K D ) of uranium and radium were determined in three model solutions: a good quality water, an Fe-Mn-rich water and a saline water simulant. The exchangers showing highest K D ´s for U and Ra were tested in column mode experiments for the removal of U, 226 Ra, 210 Po and 210 Pb from a real ground water. Considering the total 1800 processed bed volumes, the best decontamination factors (DF) for U, 20-120, were obtained with the strong base anion exchange resin. The most efficient exchangers for the removal of 226 Ra were the weak and strong cation resins and zeolite A. With use of long regeneration intervals, conventional organic resins are thus most suitable for the removal of radionuclides. When only a few hundred bed volumes were processed, with the corresponding regeneration interval about one week, the aminophosphonate resin was most effective for the removal of both uranium and radium. 210 Po and 210 Pb in ground water were mainly bound in particles and adsorbed on the surface of the anion resins. The use of the aminophosphonate resin to remove uranium and radium would therefore require an anion resin to take up polonium and lead.
Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in long-term frozen stored papaya slices. Differences among hermaphrodite and female papaya fruits (1998)

The effects of freezing and frozen storage on hermaphrodite and female papayas (cv Sunrise, solo group) polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1; PPO) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7; POD) were evaluated. The freezing process produces a significant increase in both enzymatic activities (22–11%, PPO and 13%, POD) depending on the kind of papaya fruit. During frozen storage, the soluble PPO activity shows a continuous increase up to 9 months of storage only in hermaphrodite tissues. This same sample also showed a significant activation of soluble POD at 3 months of storage. Female frozen samples maintained a continuous decrease in soluble POD activity during storage, while PPO activity showed some increase up to 12 months. Isoenzyme pattern of PPO in freshly frozen papaya tissues showed an intensification of the most cationic forms, D and E (Rf=0·55 and Rf=0·64, respectively) and a disappearance of band B (Rf=0·28). This band B was not regenerated during frozen storage. However, female tissues only showed a continuous inactivation of bands D and E through storage. POD isoenzyme pattern showed different changes depending on the kind of papaya fruit. In both frozen papayas a new isoenzyme (Rf=0·39) form appeared at three months of storage. From this date, hermaphrodite frozen samples lost this isoenzyme together with original the most anionic POD form (Rf=0·58), increasing the intensity of the only remaining form (Rf=0·24). © 1998 SCI.
Overcoming Multimeric Target Interference in a Bridging Immunogenicity Assay with Soluble Target Receptor, Target Immunodepletion and Mild Acidic Assay pH (2020)

<b>Background:</b> Soluble multimeric target proteins can generate a target-mediated false-positive signal in bridging anti-drug antibody (ADA) assays. A high background signal due to target interference was observed in our anti-REGN-Y antibody assay, and two different strategies were evaluated to mitigate this false-positive signal. <b>Results:</b> Multiple anti-target antibodies were tested and found to be ineffective at reducing target interference, so soluble target receptor and co-factor proteins were used in combination to inhibit the target-mediated signal. These competitive blockers synergistically inhibited target interference and increased target tolerance levels, especially when the assay was performed under mild acidic conditions. A separate approach, target immunodepletion using magnetic beads conjugated with an anti-target antibody, was also effective at mitigating the target-mediated signal, also in combination with mild acidic assay pH. Both methods allowed detection of a true ADA signal in monkey and human post-dose serum samples. <b>Conclusion:</b> These methods provide alternative strategies for mitigating target interference when standard anti-target antibodies are ineffective, with the competitive blocker method being recommended, if possible, due to its higher throughput and easier execution.
TUBA: replacing IP with CLNP (1993)

The Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP), which is supported by the associated OSI routing protocols, is proposed as a replacement for the Internet Protocol (IP). The basis of the proposal is to run the Internet transport protocols, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on top of CLNP in an approach known as TCP and UDP with bigger addresses (TUBA). The fundamentals of CLNP and the OSI connectionless routing architecture, the operation of the IP suite with CLNP replacing IP, the support of Internet applications operating on top of TUBA, and a transition plan to a TUBA Internet are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparative fatigue behavior and toughness of remelted and annealed highly crosslinked polyethylenes (2007)

Highly cross-linked polyethylenes (HXLPEs) have been incorporated into the hip replacement armamentarium based on their improved wear resistance. However, two different methods of thermal treatment separate the orthopedic community as strategies to control potential long-term oxidation, and controversy remains with problems in the long-term use of acetabular liners (long-term oxidation, rim fracture after impingement, etc.). Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of HXLPEs that may alleviate these problems are still unclear. On the other hand, HXLPEs are scarcely used in knee replacements, as there exists concern about the probably reduced fatigue and fracture performances of these materials. Thus, our aim was to compare the effects of both thermal treatment regimes on mechanical properties and to associate these findings with the material microstructure. The fatigue behavior of annealed and remelted HXLPEs was characterized using short-term cyclic stress-strain, long-term fatigue, and fatigue crack propagation tests. On the other hand, impact tests, tensile experiments, and the J-integral multispecimen method allowed us to assess toughness. Microstructure features such as crosslink density, crystallinity percentage, and lamellar thickness were investigated by swelling measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. This study confirms that annealing preserves mechanical properties better than remelting from both fatigue and fracture resistance points of view, and it remarks that a suitable selection of irradiation and stabilization conditions is needed to achieve optimal mechanical performances of ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes for each specific total joint replacement.
Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent Calmodulin Binding to FcRn Affects Immunoglobulin G Transport in the Transcytotic Pathway (2007)

The Fcgamma receptor FcRn transports immunoglobulin G (IgG) so as to avoid lysosomal degradation and to carry it bidirectionally across epithelial barriers to affect mucosal immunity. Here, we identify a calmodulin-binding site within the FcRn cytoplasmic tail that affects FcRn trafficking. Calmodulin binding to the FcRn tail is direct, calcium-dependent, reversible, and specific to residues comprising a putative short amphipathic alpha-helix immediately adjacent to the membrane. FcRn mutants with single residue substitutions in this motif, or FcRn mutants lacking the cytoplasmic tail completely, exhibit a shorter half-life and attenuated transcytosis. Chemical inhibitors of calmodulin phenocopy the mutant FcRn defect in transcytosis. These results suggest a novel mechanism for regulation of IgG transport by calmodulin-dependent sorting of FcRn and its cargo away from a degradative pathway and into a bidirectional transcytotic route.
The extracellular matrix and the control of proliferation of vascular endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (1980)

In this short review we describe the observations which have led us to conclude that one of the most important components involved in modulating cell proliferation in vitro, and probably in vivo as well, may be the extra-cellular matrix upon which cells rest.
A Review on Synthetic and Natural Steroid Dimers: 1997-2006 (2007)

Since the publication of the review by Li and Dias in 1997, which covered almost all steroid dimers known to us until the early part of 1997, there have been significant amounts of work carried out on steroid dimers, and another review on this topic has long been overdue. Thus, this review presents a comprehensive review of literature published over the last decade on various aspects of steroid dimers, including synthesis and applications. Steroid dimers that were published before 1997 but were not covered within the previous review have also been included.
Hydrogen evolution catalyzed by electrodeposited nanoparticles at the liquid/liquid interface (2011)

Aqueous protons reduction by decamethylferrocene in 1,2-dichloroethane can be catalyzed efficiently by platinum and palladium nanoparticles electrogenerated in situ at the liquid-liquid interface.
Pyrolytic preparation of gold nanoparticle-coated taro carbon and its application for the selective detection of dopamine (2018)

Gold nanoparticle-coated taro carbon was prepared and characterized for dopamine sensing.
Analysis of Industry Structure of Chinese Football Industry (2005)

The development of professional sports has had a history of over 100 years and the development of football industry has had a history of nearly 100 years. With the development of Chinese football professionalism,Chinese football industry has become a new industry. The paper employs the model of S-C-P according to the theory of industry structure,provides the statistics in recent years,makes relevant economic analysis of the Chinese football industry and puts forward some strategic suggestions.
Catalysis by ferrous ion in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions (1993)

Efficient catalysis is provided by ferrous chloride in the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of several aryl and heteroaryl halides with a ketone enolate ion as the nucleophile in Me2SO, to give the aryl or heteroaryl ketones in fair to good yields. The enolate ions from pinacolone, acetophenone, cyclohexanone and pentan-3-one behave successfully. A side-reaction is represented in some cases by the hydrodehalogenation of the substrate ArX, and evidence is provided for the intermediacy of both Ar˙ and Ar– species. Other significant mechanistic clues acquired include: (i) inhibition by electron and radical scavengers; (ii) entrainment of poor nucleophiles by good ones; (iii) the relative reactivity of two nucleophiles in competition experiments with Phl under Fe2+catalysis having the same value as in the experiments under both photostimulation and spontaneous initiation. All these findings are consistent with an SRN1 mechanism of substitution where ferrous ion, in combination with the nucleophile, plays an important rôle in the initiation step.
Safety Assessment of 1,2-Glycols as Used in Cosmetics (2012)

Caprylyl glycol and related 1,2-glycols are used mostly as skin and hair conditioning agents and viscosity agents in cosmetic products, and caprylyl glycol and pentylene glycol also function as cosmetic preservatives. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel noted that, while these ingredients are dermally absorbed, modeling data predicted decreased skin penetration of longer chain 1,2-glycols. Because the negative oral toxicity data on shorter chain 1,2-glycols and genotoxicity data support the safety of the 1,2-glycols reviewed in this safety assessment, the Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
Colonoscopy without sedation (1996)

Several series have studied nonsedated endoscopic upper and lower gastrointestinal evaluations. None, however, have evaluated patient comfort and satisfaction. In our prospective series of 258 consecutive nonsedated colonoscopies, we found the procedure to be safe, effective, and well accepted.
Ein zylindrischer Bogen für hohe Leistungen (1956)

Zur Messung der Eigenschaften der Materie bei sehr hohen Temperaturen ist es wünschenswert, einen exakt zylindersymmetrischen Lichtbogen mit hoher Belastbarkeit zu besitzen. Hierfür hat sich bereits das Prinzip der Wandstabilisierung mit Hilfe durchsichtiger Rohre bewährt. Um aber deren geringe Belastbarkeit zu umgehen, wird hier eine Bogenanordnung beschrieben, bei der das Rohr von durchbohrten Cu-Platten gebildet wird. Diese Platten sind isoliert gegeneinander zu einer Säule zusammengesetzt und werden innerlich durch einen Wasserstrom gekühlt. In diesem Rohr brennt der Bogen völlig ruhig und kann mit Leistungen bis zu 10 kW pro cm Bogenlänge belastet werden.
Characteristics of Spinal Cord-Evoked Responses in Man (1980)

The averaged electrical potentials evoked by the stimulation of the peripheral nerves were recorded with surface electrodes over the lumbosacral, lower thoracic and cervical spine and with epidurally placed electrodes in the cervical area. The waveforms of the lumbosacral and cervical spinal cord potentials show similar complexity reflecting peripheral and central generators. The larger negative wave with at least two components is followed by a slower positive deflection. Evoked potentials recorded over the cervical segments of the spinal cord with epidural electrodes are of much higher amplitude and more complex waveform than those recorded with surface electrodes.
Comparison between geometry-based and Gabor-wavelets-based facial expression recognition using multi-layer perceptron (2002)

The authors investigate the use of two types of features extracted from face images for recognizing facial expressions. The first type is the geometric positions of a set of fiducial points on a face. The second type is a set of multi-scale and multi-orientation Gabor wavelet coefficients extracted from the face image at the fiducial points. They can be used either independently or jointly. The architecture developed is based on a two-layer perceptron. The recognition performance with different types of features has been compared, which shows that Gabor wavelet coefficients are much more powerful than geometric positions. Furthermore, since the first layer of the perceptron actually performs a nonlinear reduction of the dimensionality of the feature space, they have also studied the desired number of hidden units, i.e., the appropriate dimension to represent a facial expression in order to achieve a good recognition rate. It turns out that five to seven hidden units are probably enough to represent the space of feature expressions.
From trendcharts to control charts: setup tests for making the leap (2003)

The early stages of industrial SPC (statistical process control) programs are typically characterized by trendcharts at critical process steps. As processes are brought under control, these trendcharts are replaced by control charts. But premature replacement of trendcharts by control charts, before processes are under control, may undermine the credibility of nascent SPC programs, causing a barrage of special cause flags triggered by limits inappropriately calculated on unstable processes. The author describes an operational definition of the term under control as needed to decided which trendcharts can be implemented on control charts. Simple rules, which derive from Monte Carlo simulations of special cause flags from W.A. Shewhart (1931) and L.S. Nelson (1984), provide constant and low probabilities of inappropriate process rejection and maintain the high efficiency of time series analysis intrinsic to traditional special cause flags. The rules depend heavily on sample size; it is shown that any attempt to ignore the effects of sample size will invite wildly uncontrolled risks of rejection good processes. A table is provided to facilitate application of these setup tests at a constant and low risk of rejecting good processes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diels‐alder reactions of pyrroles as an entry to substituted 3‐oxatropanes and tetrasubstituted pyrrolidines (1977)

Abstract The Diels‐Alder adduct of N ‐( p ‐toluenesulfonamido)pyrrole and dimethyl acetylenedi‐carboxylate, 2,3‐dimethyl N ‐( p ‐toluenesulfonamido)‐7‐azabieyclo[2.2.1]‐2,5‐heptadiene‐2,3‐di‐carboxylate ( 1c ), was obtained in good yield and converted to remarkably stable 3‐oxatropanes ( 6 and 8 ) in 25% yield.
Interleukin-23 and interleukin-17: Importance in pathogenesis and therapy of psoriasis (2012)

Emerging data in mice and humans reveals a critical contribution of Th17-associated cytokines, particularly interleukin-(IL)-23 and IL-17, in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The IL-23/Th17 pathway is a therapeutic target for biologic agents and systemic therapies in psoriasis treatment. A literature search was performed to review and summarize the current evidence on IL-17 and IL-23 as a basis for understanding the use of anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 agents for psoriasis therapy. Using PubMed, recent articles were identified pertaining to IL-17, IL-23, and psoriasis. Signaling via the heterodimeric IL-23 receptor induces production of IL-17, which stimulates production of proinflammatory keratinocyte cytokines that mediate the psoriatic response. An overexpression of IL-23, IL-17, or Th17 cells in transgenic mice is associated with the development of inflammatory disease. Both IL-17 knockout mice and humans with a genetic IL-17 deficiency are susceptible to extracellular and intracellular pathogens. This suggests a potential for adverse effects from clinical administration of anti IL-23-p40/IL-17 therapies. Anti-p40 antibodies, briakinumab and ustekinumab, were tolerated in clinical trials and substantially improved psoriasis. Further trials of anti IL-17 therapies are needed to assess their clinical use and potential for infection and other adverse events.
Spin-valve transistor (2005)

A spin transistor consisting of a metallic pseudo-spin-valve emitter, a copper base, and a p-n junction collector was prepared on a Si(100) wafer. This spin transistor can provide high magnetocurrent output, high magnetocurrent variation, and high transfer ratio. The common collector configuration with an emitter bias of 5.12V at 77K gives a large magnetocurrent variation of more than 95.5μA in the collector, and the change is more than 3400% with a transfer ratio of 2.59×10−3. At room temperature, these changes go down to 98.3μA and 55.3%, respectively, and the transfer ratio rises to 5.98×10−3. The high performance of this spin-valve transistor is due to the use of a p-n junction as an energy barrier to select spin electrons.
Temperaturfehler und Möglichkeiten ihrer Beseitigung bei berührungslosen Wellenschwingungsmessungen / Temperature errors and ways of elimination for contactless measurement of shaft vibrations (1988)

Article Temperaturfehler und Möglichkeiten ihrer Beseitigung bei berührungslosen Wellenschwingungsmessungen / Temperature errors and ways of elimination for contactless measurement of shaft vibrations was published on December 1, 1988 in the journal tm - Technisches Messen (volume 55, issue JG).