gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Emitting Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser around 8.3 μm (2010)

We demonstrate surface emitting distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers emitting at wavelengths from 8.1 μm at 90 K to 8.4 μm at 210 K. The second-order metalized grating is carefully designed using a modified coupled-mode theory and fabricated by contact lithography. The devices show single mode behavior with a side mode suppression ratio above 18 dB at all working temperatures. At 90 K, the device emits an optical power of 101 mW from the surface and 199 mW from the edge. In addition, a double-lobe far-field pattern with a separation of 2.2° is obtained in the direction along the waveguide.
Patterns for Designing Navigable Information Spaces (1998)

This paper presents several design patterns for the hypermedia domain: Navigational Context, Active Reference, Landmark, News and Shopping Basket. They are part of a pattern language for hypermedia applications and address the design of healthy navigational structures. They can be applied in stand-alone applications or in dynamic Web sites or Information Systems. 1. Introduction. Designing High Quality Hypermedia Applications. Hypermedia applications provide the user with navigational access to an information base. These applications are usually built by specifying a set of nodes related through links. Nodes represent unstructured multimedia information such as text, images, video and animations and provide navigation anchors that are usually perceived in the interface as buttons, hot-words or other reactive interface objects; by activating anchors we can follow links to other nodes. A successful hypermedia application allows an end user to perform a task by exploring the navigational...
Preparation of MUC-1 Oligomers Using an Improved Convergent Solid-phase Peptide Synthesis (1998)

The sequentially repeating nature of the core mucin polypeptide chain MUC-1 on the surface of malignant cells makes it an excellent target for cancer immunotherapy. We describe a reliable and efficient method of synthesizing oligomers, up to five tandem repeats and oligomer heterotope derivatives with a 15-amino acid epitope from tetanus toxin using an improved convergent solid-phase peptide synthesis. The different oligomers were easily distinguishable by reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography, but they were poorly fixed and migrated with the same migration rate, irrespective of size, in electrophoretic studies. In contrast, the oligomer heterotopes exhibited size-dependent electrophoretic behavior but in high pressure liquid chromatography chromatograms the different heterotopes were eluted simultaneously in two peaks representing the L- and D-enantiomers of the derivatives. The oligomer heterotopes were recognized as antigens in Western blotting with a murine monoclonal antibody against the epitope APDTR. In enzyme immunoassay studies with the same antibody an increasing reactivity was observed against the larger oligomers and confirmed by inhibition assays as the MUC-1 pentamer was the most efficient inhibitor. These results support the suggestion that the pentamer attains a structure closer to the native conformation and is more immunogenic. In conclusion, large composite peptides can be reliably synthesized with the convergent solid-phase peptide strategy offering an attractive option to vaccine designing and development.
Adenovirus Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Stimulates Viral Late mRNA NuclearExport (2006)

Theadenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E1B-55K and E4orf6 proteins are required together to stimulate viral late nuclear mRNA export to the cytoplasm and to restrict host cell nuclear mRNA export during the late phase of infection. Previous studies have shown that these two viral proteins interact with the cellular proteins elongins B and C, cullin 5, RBX1, and additional cellular proteins to form an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that polyubiquitinates p53 and probably one or more subunits of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, directing their proteasomal degradation. The MRN complex is required for cellular DNA double-strand break repair and induction of the DNA damage response by adenovirus infection. To determine if the ability of E1B-55K and E4orf6 to stimulate viral late mRNA nuclear export requires the ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of this viral ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, we designed and expressed a dominant-negative mutant form of cullin 5 in HeLa cells before infection with wild-type Ad5 or the E1B-55K null mutant dl1520. The dominant-negative cullin 5 protein stabilized p53 and the MRN complex, indicating that it inhibited the viral ubiquitin-protein ligase but had no effect on viral early mRNA synthesis, early protein synthesis, or viral DNA replication. However, expression of the dominant-negative cullin 5 protein caused a decrease in viral late protein synthesis and viral nuclear mRNA export similar to the phenotype produced by mutations in E1B-55K. We conclude that the stimulation of adenovirus late mRNA nuclear export by E1B-55K and E4orf6 results from the ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the adenovirus ubiquitin-protein ligase complex.
ROBERT D. JEFFS (2000)

No AccessJournal of UrologyPediatric Urology Medal1 Sep 2000ROBERT D. JEFFS Bernard M. Churchill Bernard M. ChurchillBernard M. Churchill More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67258-8AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "ROBERT D. JEFFS." The Journal of Urology, 164(3 Part 2), p. 1088 Pediatric Urology UCLA Medical Center Los Angeles, California© 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 164Issue 3 Part 2September 2000Page: 1088 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.Metrics Author Information Bernard M. Churchill More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Micro thermoelectric modules and their application to wristwatches as an energy source (2003)

Microthermoelectric (TE) coolers are currently used in high power electronic devices such as laser diodes to stabilize temperature. With the aim of miniaturizing this technology, we have developed a fabrication technique to create micro-TE modules with a cross-section element size of about 100 /spl mu/m/spl times/100 /spl mu/m and a height of several hundred mm. We have previously reported the cooling properties of a module fabricated by this technique. With the recent advances in micro-electric technology, which has decreased the energy consumption in an electric wristwatch to about 1 /spl mu/W, there has been increased discussion about utilizing these micro-TE modules to generate energy of several /spl mu/W to power a wristwatch. In response, we have developed a micro-TE module with an overall size of 2 /spl times/ 2 /spl times/ 1.3 mm consisting of more than 50 pairs of elements, and have succeeded in making and marketing a TE powered wristwatch. This paper presents the fabrication and the properties of the micro-TE module, as well as the TE powered wristwatch.
From Boson Condensation to Quark Deconfinement: The Many Faces of Neutron Star Interiors (1999)

Gravity compresses the matter in the cores of neutron stars to densities which are significantly higher than the density of ordinary atomic nuclei, thus providing a high-pressure environment in which numerous particle processes - from the generation of new baryonic particles to quark deconfinement to the formation of Boson condensates and H-matter - may compete with each other. There are theoretical suggestions of even more `exotic' processes inside pulsars, such as the formation of absolutely stable strange quark matter, a configuration of matter even more stable than the most stable atomic nucleus, iron. In the latter event, neutron stars would be largely composed of pure quark matter, eventually enveloped in nuclear crust matter. No matter which physical processes are actually realized inside neutron stars, each one leads to fingerprints, some more pronounced than others though, in the observable stellar quantities. This feature combined with the tremendous recent progress in observational radio and X-ray astronomy, renders neutron stars to nearly ideal probes for a wide range of dense matter studies, complementing the quest of the behavior of superdense matter in terrestrial collider experiments.
Spacetime processing for time varying co-channel interference rejection and channel estimation in GSM/DCS systems (2003)

In this paper is proposed a spacetime algorithm for co-channel interference (CCI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) reduction for GSM/DCS systems. The temporal channel for the Viterbi receiver and the beam-former weights for CCI rejection are estimated jointly by optimizing a suitable cost function for separable (or rank-one) space-time channels. The adaptive version of the algorithm guarantees to convergence within a TDMA slot (not only using the training sequence) and to track the time-varying channel and/or CCI. By taking into account for the integration capabilities provided by FPGA (field programmable gate array) enabling technologies, it is demonstrated the feasibility of a single chip JSTE carrier solution.
A neutral-point potential balancing algorithm for three-level NPC inverters using analytically injected zero-sequence voltage (2003)

Based on the zero-sequence component of the reference voltages, this paper comprehensively analyzes the neutral-point variation and balancing control for three-level neutral-point-clamped inverter. An analytical method is proposed to accurately calculate the injected zero-sequence voltage for NP balancing. Based on the analytical analysis, the limitation of NP balancing control is revealed and the NP-fully-controllable region is presented. A real-time NP balancing algorithm is proposed as well. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified using simulation results for a 6 kV/1800 kVA medium voltage drive.
State-of-the-Art Review: The Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology of Novastan (Argatroban): A Small-Molecule, Direct Thrombin Inhibitor (1997)

Because of the unsatisfactory options available for safe and effective antithrombotic therapy, recent, intense research and development efforts have been focused on direct thrombin inhibitors, also known as site-directed thrombin inhibitors. The intravenous agent Novastan (argatroban) is a small-molecule, reversible, direct thrombin inhibitor that is selective for the catalytic site of the thrombin molecule. Argatroban's molecular properties (small molecule; fast, selective, and reversible inhibition of the thrombin catalytic site; and similar in vitro potency for inhibiting both clot-bound and soluble thrombin) offer the potential for significant antithrombotic efficacy with minimal systemic anticoagulant ef fects. Its clinical pharmacologic properties offer the potential for minimal risk of bleeding, very rapid achievement of therapeutic antithrombotic efficacy, predictable dose-response, and rapid restoration of the hemostatic systems to normal upon termination of intravenous infusion. Argatroban is currently approved for clinical use in Japan for the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. It is in advanced clinical development in North America, South America, and Western Europe for several clinical indications, including (1) adjunctive therapy to thrombolytic agents in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and (2) antithrombotic therapy for patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis syndrome. Key Words: Molecular properties—Novastan (argatroban)—Pharmacology—Thrombin inhibitor.
Multivariate gene expression analysis reveals functional connectivity changes between normal/tumoral prostates (2008)

We have demonstrated that changes in functional connectivity may be implicit in the biological process which renders some genes more informative to discriminate between normal and tumoral conditions. Using the proposed method, namely, MLDA, in order to analyze the multivariate characteristic of genes, it was possible to capture the changes in dependence networks which are related to cell transformation.
A mechanistic investigation of a three-component radical photoinitiator system comprising methylene blue,N-methyldiethanolamine, and diphenyliodonium chloride (2000)

Three-component systems, which contain a light-absorbing species (typically a dye), an electron donor (typically an amine), and a third component (usually an iodonium salt), have emerged as efficient, visible-light-sensitive photoinitiators. Although three-component systems have been consistently found to be faster and more efficient than their two-component counterparts, these systems are not well understood and a number of distinct mechanisms have been reported in the literature. In this contribution, photodifferential scanning calorimetry and in situ, time-resolved, laser-induced, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy were used to study the initiation mechanism of the three-component system methylene blue, N-methyldiethanolamine and diphenyliodonium chloride. Kinetic studies based upon photodifferential scanning calorimetry reveal a significant increase in polymerization rate with increasing concentration of either the amine or the iodonium salt. However, the laser-induced fluorescence experiments show that while increasing the amine concentration dramatically increases the rate of dye fluorescence decay, increasing the DPI concentration actually slows consumption of the dye. We concluded that the primary photochemical reaction involves electron transfer from the amine to the dye. We suggest that the iodonium salt reacts with the resulting dye-based radical (which is active only for termination) to regenerate the original dye and simultaneously produce a phenyl radical (active in initiation) derived from the diphenyliodonium salt. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 2057–2066, 2000
The Bacteriology of Acne (1963)

A total of 175 acne lesions, including comedones, papules, pustules, and cysts were examined bacteriologically by smear and culture. The bacteriology of acne is simple. Two organisms,<i>Corynebacterium acnes</i>and<i>Staphylococcus albus</i>, usually in combination, occupy the various types of acne lesions almost exclusively. Both are regarded as contributors to pathogenesis by secondary infection.
Sustaining long linear uniform plasmas with microwaves using a leaky-wave (troughguide) field applicator (1995)

Linear, uniform, high density plasma sources can be realized using linear microwave field applicators. Such systems can be applied to process large surfaces of materials that can be made to move transversely across the plasma source. This paper details the design and operating characteristics of appropriate linear applicators that are of the leaky-wave type. A general analysis of longitudinally uniform leaky-wave-sustained discharges provides us with the generic features of the corresponding field applicators. On practical ground, we turn to troughguide structures which are well known in the field of antenna engineering; we consider periodically asymmetric troughguides terminated with a matched load and show experimentally that they can be designed to achieve the required linear uniform discharge. To assure the operation of the applicator at microwave powers of the order of one kW or more, we have devised and tested a new kind of ridge-waveguide mode transformers allowing one to feed microwave power to the applicator directly from a standard rectangular waveguide. The main advantages of the leaky-wave applicators are their relative simplicity of design and operation (no tuning elements), a good power match with the microwave generator and a good longitudinal uniformity of the sustained plasma.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Purification of “Inhibin” from Human Ovarian Follicular Fluid (1980)

Frauenklinik. Universitat Marburg, Pilgrimstein 3, Marburg/l.ahn. federal Republic of Germany Acta Endocrinol. 90: 157, 1979
Atherosclerosis in aortocoronary bypass grafts. Morphologic study and risk factor analysis 6 to 12 years after surgery. (1986)

Segments of aortocoronary vein grafts from a selective group of 42 patients who underwent a second revascularization procedure or came to autopsy 6 to 12 years after coronary bypass surgery were studied. Complex atheromata often associated with an acute thrombus were present in 71% of the grafts. In 14% of the cases, aneurysms of the atherosclerotic type were noted. The medical records of 40 of these patients were reviewed. Special attention was paid to risk factors associated with coronary artery disease. A control population of 535 patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery and had not had recurrence of symptoms requiring reoperation 5 or more years later was drawn from the Milwaukee Cardiovascular Data Registry. Significantly higher triglyceride and cholesterol levels and lower high density lipoprotein levels were noted in the patients undergoing two bypass procedures. In addition more diabetics, cigarette smokers, and patients with abnormal lipoprotein phenotypes were noted in the study group. Hypertension did not appear to be a significant risk factor. Atherosclerosis appears to be an important factor in late graft failure. Vein grafts that develop atherosclerosis appear to be susceptible to aneurysm formation. Risk factors associated with atherosclerosis in coronary arteries also appear to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis in aortocoronary bypass grafts.
Synthesis of 3‐<i>O</i>‐β‐<scp>D</scp>‐Glucopyranosyl‐(3<i>R</i>)‐hydroxybutanolide (Kinsenoside) and 3‐<i>O</i>‐β‐<scp>D</scp>‐Glucopyranosyl‐(3<i>S</i>)‐hydroxybutanolide (Goodyeroside A) (2005)

The first synthesis of 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(3R)‐hydroxybutanolide (Kinsenoside) and 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(3S)‐hydroxybutanolide (Goodyeroside A) is described. The diastereomers of the aglycon in 2‐O‐β‐D‐gulucopyranosyl‐1,2,4‐butanetriol derivatives, which were separable precursors of Kinsenoside and Goodyeroside A, were synthesized from optically nonactive 1,2,4‐butanetriol and α‐D‐glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate in excellent yields. Keywords: GlycosideGlycosylationLactoneNatural productOxidation Acknowledgment This work was supported in part by a grant for the High‐Technology Research Center of Iwaki Meisei University from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
New algorithms for static and dynamic sensitization of paths in timing analysis (2002)

Describes two algorithms in order to bring up a new solution to the well known problem of paths sensitization in timing analysis. The first algorithm PSV (path sensitizability verification) determines whether or not there is a pattern that activates a given path. If not, the path is called a false path. Then the second algorithm SPS (substitute path search) will find out the new longer path in a fast run time. Both algorithms work on a functional description of the circuit called an event graph, that includes timing information. Computing time is hugely improved by using local permutations in conflict treatment while propagating logical conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Magnetic Properties of Superconducting Lead-Base Alloys (1963)

Magnetization measurements have been made at 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K on a variety of binary lead-base alloys, with the purpose of determining the effects of solutes, precipitates, and dislocations on superconducting properties. Increasing solute concentration results in increasingly broad magnetic transitions, the results correlating with normal-state electron mean free path in quantitative agreement with "negative surface energy" theories of Abrikosov and others. Magnetic hysteresis and trapped flux are small for annealed single-phase specimens, but are greatly increased by plastic deformation and by cellular precipitation. The maximum magnetic field to which superconductivity persists in these alloys is apparently determined by the electron mean free path, whereas extended defects such as dislocations and precipitates are primarily responsible for magnetic hysteresis and trapped flux.
Scatter storage techniques (1968)

The BXI, works like a TtX if the SEcond operand (in this ease 3) is odd; the BXH with an even second ~vrgument allows the increment and comparand to be in adjacent regist.ers, in this ease 4 aud 5. The Stl. subtraets register 5 from register 2. C is a fuI1 word comparison which sets the condition codE; this example could be modified for a halfword ~able by changing (3 to CH and "4" to "2" throughout the instructions above. BC branches (>~ eondition code 6, which is 0110 in binary--.-i.e., first opera.nd low or first operand high.
Biomedical aspects of Botulinum Toxin (1999)

Clostridium botulinum produces a potent neurotoxin, which causes the neuroparalytic illness in humans and animals known as botulism. Seven immunologically distinct neurotoxins are recognized, which are designated by the letters A through G. the different serotypes of botulinum toxin vary in the animal species that they affect and the severity and duration of paralysis that they evoke. Botulinum toxin type A has become an important pharmaceutical for the treatment of segmental movement disorders, spasticity, pain syndromes, and various other neuronal disorders. Botulinum toxin specifically and tightly binds to cholinergic neurons. Upon endocytosis and internalization into the nerve terminal, the toxin acts to block or slow the exocytotic release of neurotransmitters, particularly acetylcholine. Selective injection of botulinum toxin into neuromuscular regions produces a local weakening of proximal muscles and relief from excessive involuntary muscle contractions In addition to directly affecting cholinergic neurotransmission, botulinum toxin also exerts other poorly understood effects including altering activity of autonomic ganglia. the outstanding properties of botulinum toxin as a pharmacological agent are its specificity for peripheral nerves and its long duration of action Complications and drawbacks of botulinum toxin therapy include immunologic resistance in some patients and diffusion and resulting ptosis of neighboring muscles. these side effects can be avoided by proper purification and preparation of the toxin for pharmaceutical use.
Healthy Workplaces: The Effects of Nature Contact at Work on Employee Stress and Health (2011)

The findings suggest that nature contact is a healthy workplace exposure. Increasing nature contact at work may offer a simple population-based approach to enhance workplace health promotion efforts. Future researchers should test the efficacy of nature-contact workplace stress interventions.