gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Opsonophagocytosis and Passive Protection Assays Using Human Anticapsular Antibodies in an Infant Mouse Model of Bacteremia for<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (1999)

An infant mouse assay system for assessment of protective concentrations of human serum pneumococcal anticapsular antibodies is described. Passive immunization of anticapsular antibodies was evaluated for protection of infant mice challenged with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 4, 5, 6B, 18C, and 23A, with bacteremia as an end point. Protection was defined as no detectable bacteremia in 70% of mice 48 h after challenge. Type-specific anticapsular concentrations required for protection varied with serotype (</=0.05 to >0.4 microg/mL). Across serotypes, there was no significant correlation between human IgG concentration in mouse serum and protection from bacteremia or between IgG concentration and opsonophagocytic titer. Significant correlation (r=.84, P<.001) was observed between opsonophagocytic titer of human IgG antibody in mouse sera and protection from bacteremia. Thus, protective concentrations of anticapsular antibodies against bacteremia are serotype dependent. Opsonophagocytosis is a better predictor of in vivo protective capacity of pneumococcal anticapsular antibodies than are ELISA IgG antibody concentrations.
SPEEDING UP MATERIALIZED VIEW SELECTION IN DATA WAREHOUSES USING A RANDOMIZED ALGORITHM (2001)

A data warehouse stores information that is collected from multiple, heterogeneous information sources for the purpose of complex querying and analysis. Information in the warehouse is typically stored in the form of materialized views, which represent pre-computed portions of frequently asked queries. One of the most important tasks when designing a warehouse is the selection of materialized views to be maintained in the warehouse. The goal is to select a set of views in such a way as to minimize the total query response time over all queries, given a limited amount of time for maintaining the views (maintenance-cost view selection problem). In this paper, we propose an efficient solution to the maintenance-cost view selection problem using a genetic algorithm for computing a near-optimal set of views. Specifically, we explore the maintenance-cost view selection problem in the context of OR view graphs. We show that our approach represents a dramatic improvement in time complexity over existing search-based approaches using heuristics. Our analysis shows that the algorithm consistently yields a solution that lies within 10% of the optimal query benefit while at the same time exhibiting only a linear increase in execution time. We have implemented a prototype version of our algorithm which is used to simulate the measurements used in the analysis of our approach.
Piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric PZT-polymer composites (2001)

The most widely used material for active transducer applications is the ferroelectric ceramic PZT. Composites made of ferroelectric ceramics combined with polymers have several advantages over pure ceramics. Diphasic composites of PZT (and La/Ca modified PZT) combined with various polymers such as PVDF, PVC, PVA, epoxy resin and co-polymers have been widely studied and reported in the literature.
NUP98-HOXD13 gene fusion in therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia. (1998)

A novel chromosomal translocation, t(2;11)(q31;p15), was identified in a patient with therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia (t-AML). Fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments mapped the breakpoint near NUP98; Southern blot analysis demonstrated that the nucleoporin gene NUP98 was disrupted by this translocation. We used rapid amplification of cDNA ends to identify a chimeric mRNA. An in-frame, chimeric mRNA that fused NUP98 sequences to the homeobox gene HOXD13 was cloned; the predicted fusion protein contains both the GLFG repeats from NUP98 as well as the homeodomain from HOXD13. The NUP98-HOXD13 fusion is structurally similar to the NUP98-HOXA9 fusion previously identified in patients with AML, leading to the speculation that NUP98-homeobox gene fusions may be oncogenic. Moreover, this report, along with a recent study that demonstrated NUP98-DDX10 fusions in patients with t-AML, raises the possibility that NUP98 may be a previously unsuspected target for chromosomal translocations in patients with t-AML.
Can field tests prove motor efficiency? (1989)

An outline of the inaccuracies found in the field testing of motors for efficiency is given. A summary of test methods is presented, and the sources of motor loss are discussed. Seven suggestions for improving field-testing accuracy are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identifying small-molecule lead compounds: the screening (1995)

34 Tretmak, W., Leiner, M.J.P. and Wolfl3eis, O. S. (1988) Biosensors 4, 15-26 35 Trettnak, W. and Woltbeis, O. S. (1989) Anal. CIffm. Acta 221,195-203 36 Bauer, B. and Floyd, T. A. (1987) Anal. Chim. Acta 197, 295-301 37 Schultz,J. S. (1987) in Biasensors: Fundamentals andApplicatiom (Turner, A. P. F., Kambe, I. and Wilson, G. S., eds), Oxford Umversity Press 38 Schultz, J. S., Mansouri, S. and Goldstein, I. (1982) Diabetes Care 5, 245-253 39 Douglas, S. D., Kanfin, R. M. and Fudenberg, H. H. (1969) .J. lnlmunol. 103, 1185-1195 40 Zukin, R. S., Strange, P. G., Heavey, L. R. and Koshland, D. E. (1977) Biochemistry 16, 381-386 41 Weber, S. G. and Weber, A. (1993) Anal. Chem. 65, 223 230 42 Lakowicz, J. R., Szmacinski, H., Nowaczyk, K. and Johnson, M. L. (1992) Cell Calcium 13, 131-147 43 Szmacinski, H., Gwczynski , I. and Lakowicz,J. R. (1993) Photochem. Photobiol. 58, 341-345 44 Szmacinski, H. and Lakowicz, J. R.. (1994) in Probe Des(w and Chemiml Sensing, Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy Volume 4 (Lakowicz,J. R., ed.), pp. 295-334, Plenum Publishing Corporation 45 Lakowicz, J. R. and Szmacinski, H. (1993) Sensors and Actuators B 11, 133-143 46 Spencer, R. D. and Weber, G. (1969) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 158, 361 376
TrustBuilder: negotiating trust in dynamic coalitions (2004)

Automated trust negotiation is an approach to establishing trust across security domains in a dynamic coalition in real time. This is accomplished through the use of access control policies that specify what combinations of digital credentials a stranger must disclose to gain access to a coalition resource. TrustBuilder, a system for negotiating trust in dynamic coalitions, is being designed and implemented in the Internet Security Research Laboratory at Brigham Young University. The TrustBuilder architecture incorporates trust negotiation into standard network technologies. This paper describes the technology in the current TrustBuilder prototype.
Prime, Boost, and Broaden (2010)

A combined immunization approach represents a possible strategy for developing a “universal” flu vaccine.
Invertebrate cardiovascular development (1998)

Despite the long history of descriptive invertebrate embryology, there have been few studies specifically on the functional development of the heart or circulatory system. Some mention of the initiation of heartbeat or of some ultrastructural details of heart muscle information have been included en passant in a number of studies, but hardly any studies specifically address the physiology of the developing heart.
Effects of Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields on the Ligament Healing in Rabbits. (1992)

Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on ligament healing were investigated using 80 rabbits. All animals received square resection (4 mm x 4 mm) of both patellar ligaments in full thickness at their center. They were divided into 4 groups of 20 rabbits each and stimulated with different electromagnetic intensity of 0 (control), 2, 10, and 50 gauss (G) for 6 hr daily. Pulse frequency and pulse width were 10 Hz and 25 microseconds, respectively. After PEMFs stimulations for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, 5 animals of each group were euthanized and the regenerated tissue at the defective portion was investigated histologically and biomechanically. Histologically, the tissue stimulated by PEMFs showed an earlier increase in capillaries and fibroblasts and more matured, prominent longitudinal orientation of collagen fibers than those of control groups. Among the rabbits stimulated electromagnetically, those stimulated at 50 G revealed the earliest ligament healing. Tensile strength of regenerated ligament tissues of any PEMFs groups increased significantly at 1 and 2 weeks after operation, however, at 3 and 4 weeks after operation, there were no significant differences between groups. Among these values, those of 50 G group were the highest consistently during most of the experimental period. From the above results, PEMFs enhanced the earlier stage of ligament healings and 50 G gauss seemed to be the most effective among the 3 field intensities used. This promoting effect may potentiate the earlier recovery of the function after the ligament injury.
The Effect of Two Glucan Carboxymethyl Derivatives with Various Substitution Degrees on Cyclophosphamide Immunosuppression in Mice (1993)

Carboxymethylglucan (CMG) in two different degrees of substitution of carboxymethyl groups (0.56 and 0.89) was administered to cyclophosphamide (CY) treated (200 mg/kg) C57B1/6 mice in three doses (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg) 24 h after CY. The influence of CMG administration on the cell suppression caused by CY was observed in the subsequent days. The cellularity of spleen, bone marrow and peripheral blood was quantified on days 2, 5, 8, 11, 15, and 21 after CY treatment. CY treated mice developed a significant decrease in peripheral blood cell counts, and spleen and bone marrow cellularity during the initial 5 days, followed by recovery in the next 15 days, with an overshoot reaction in spleen cellularity and erythrocyte levels. The initial cellularity depression and the following recovery was modified by both carboxymethyl derivatives of glucan. Cyclophosphamide treated mice exhibited less pronounced immunosuppression and more rapid hematopoietic recovery when administered with CMG, although this reaction was only of a modest degree. The effects were not dose dependent and the differences between the two glucans were not significant.
Suppression of <i>Helicoverpa</i> spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Oviposition by Use of the Natural Enemy Food Supplement Envirofeast® (1996)

ABSTRACT The deterrent activity of a newly developed food product, EnvirofeasP and three other food sprays, sugar, Envirofeast 2 and petroleum oil plus Kelgum mixture, on oviposition by Helicoverpu spp. on cotton crops was investigated by mesh house choice and no‐choice tests and large scale field trials at the Australian Cotton Research Institute at Narrabri, Norwood near Moree and Alcheringa near Boggabilla in New South Wales from 1992‐95. EnvirofeastO treated plants received significantly fewer eggs than did any other treatment and water‐sprayed (control) plants, both in the mesh house choice and no‐choice tests and in field plots sprayed at 2‐weekly intervals and exposed to natural populations of Helicoverpu spp. The deterrent effect on oviposition by EnvirofeastO spray in the mesh house was greater on H. punctigeru than H. urmigeru , but this effect was partially offset by increased H. urmigeru infestations in the field. This was evident during the 1992‐93 and 1993‐94 field trials at Norwood when the number of eggs laid on EnvirofeastO treated plots was significantly lower than any other treatments tested up to the peak of oviposition in February when the moth populations were dominantly H. urmigeru. Despite the species difference in response, the study demonstrates oviposition deterrence by the EnvirofeastO of Helicoverpu spp. on cotton and this indicates that Envirofeastm may be used in an integrated approach in cotton systems to reduce Helicoverpu spp. numbers. This effect could modify the predator to prey ratios so as to enhance levels of biological control.
Systematic Refining of Cracked Distillates Chemical Factors in Refeining (1926)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSystematic Refining of Cracked Distillates Chemical Factors in RefeiningJacque C. MorrellCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1926, 18, 7, 733–738Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1926Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1926https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50199a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50199a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the communication between human osteoprogenitors and endothelial cells (2009)

Proper bone remodeling requires an active process of angiogenesis which in turn supplies the necessary growth factors and stem cells. This tissue cooperation suggests a cross-talk between osteoblasts and endothelial cells. This work aims to identify the role of paracrine communication through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in co-culture between osteoblastic and endothelial cells. Through a well defined direct contact co-culture model between human osteoprogenitors (HOPs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we observed that HUVECs were able to migrate along HOPs, inducing the formation of specific tubular-like structures. VEGF(165) gene expression was detected in the HOPs, was up-regulated in the co-cultured HOPs and both Flt-1 and KDR gene expression increased in co-cultured HUVECs. However, the cell rearrangement observed in co-culture was promoted by a combination of soluble chemoattractive factors and not by VEGF(165) alone. Despite having no observable effect on endothelial cell tubular-like formation, VEGF appeared to have a crucial role in osteoblastic differentiation since the inhibition of its receptors reduced the co-culture-stimulated osteoblastic phenotype. This co-culture system appears to enhance both primary angiogenesis events and osteoblastic differentiation, thus allowing for the development of new strategies in vascularized bone tissue engineering.
Dissymmetric Hexasubstitued Triphenylenes<sup>†</sup> (1981)

Abstract Several dissymmetrical hexasubstituted triphenylenes have been prepared. They exhibit a low temperature thermotropic mesophase. It is shown that it corresponds to a columnar mesophase (an hexagonal arrangement of columns of discs). The magnetic properties of these new disc-like liquid crystals are compared with those of the corresponding symmetrical ones.
Snort offloader: a reconfigurable hardware NIDS filter (2005)

Software-based network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) often fail to keep up with high-speed network links. In this paper an FPGA-based pre-filter is presented that reduces the amount of traffic sent to a software-based NIDS for inspection. Simulations using real network traces and the Snort rule set show that a pre-filter can reduce up to 90% of network traffic that would have otherwise been processed by Snort software. The projected performance enables a computer to perform real-time intrusion detection of malicious content passing over a 10 Gbps network using FPGA hardware that operates with 10 Gbps of throughput and software that needs only to operate with 1 Gbps of throughput.
Nitrogen Dissociation via Reaction with Lithium Alloys (2017)

Lithium alloys are synthesized by reactions between lithium metal and group 14 elements, such as carbon, silicon, germanium, and tin. The nitrogenation and denitrogenation properties are investigated by thermal and structural analyses. All alloys dissociate the nitrogen triple bond of gaseous molecules to form atomic state as nitrides below 500 °C, which is lower than those required for conventional thermochemical and catalytic processes on nitride syntheses. For all alloys except for germanium, it is indicated that nanosized lithium nitride is formed as the product. The denitrogenation (nitrogen desorption) reaction by lithium nitride and metals, which is an ideal opposite reaction of nitrogenation, occurs by heating up to 600 °C to form lithium alloys. Among them, the lithium-tin alloy is a potential material to control the dissociation and recombination of nitrogen below 500 °C by the reversible reaction with the largest amount of utilizable lithium in the alloy phase. The nitrogenation and denitrogenation reactions of the lithium alloys at lower temperature are realized by the high reactivity with nitrogen and mobility of lithium. The above reactions based on lithium alloys are adapted to the ammonia synthesis. As a result, ammonia can be synthesized below 500 °C under 0.5 MPa of pressure. Therefore, the reaction using lithium alloys is recognized as a pseudocatalyst for the ammonia synthesis.
Fully Integrated Capacitive DC–DC Converter With All-Digital Ripple Mitigation Technique (2013)

This paper presents an adaptive all-digital ripple mitigation technique for fully integrated capacitive dc-dc converters. Ripple control is achieved using a two-pronged approach where coarse ripple control is achieved by varying the size of the bucket capacitance, and fine control is achieved by charge/discharge time modulation of the bucket capacitors used to transfer the charge between the input and output, both of which are completely digital techniques. A dual-loop control was used to achieve regulation and ripple control. The primary single-bound hysteretic control loop achieves voltage regulation and the secondary loop is responsible for ripple control. The dual-loop control modulates the charge/discharge pulse width in a hysteretic variable-frequency environment using a simple digital pulse width modulator. The fully integrated converter was implemented in IBM's 130-nm CMOS process. Ripple reduces from 98 to 30 mV, when ripple control secondary loop is enabled for a load of 0.3 V and 4 mA without significantly impacting the converter's core efficiency. Measurement results show constant ripple, independent of output voltage. The converter achieves a maximum efficiency of 70% for V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in</sub> = 1.3 V and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> = 0.5 V and a maximum power density of 24.5 mW/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , including the areas for the decoupling capacitor. The maximum power density increases to 68 mW/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> if the decoupling capacitor is assumed to be already present as part of the digital design.
FEM evaluation of performance of axial flux slotted permanent magnet machines (2002)

Axial-flux permanent magnet machines with slotted windings exhibit a significant cogging torque due to the magnetic anisotropy of the stator. The same produces a harmonic content in machine back EMF. The paper introduces and discusses a simple and powerful FEM algorithm that gives a numerical evaluation of both cogging torque and back EMF. Parametric analysis leads to a machine design that most meets the requirements for low cogging torque and limited higher harmonic content in back EMF.
Hybrid design for testability combining scan and clock line control and method for test generation (2002)

A hybrid DFT method is proposed to reduce the hardware penalty of traditional DFT methods and test generation time. It takes advantages of both traditional DFT methods like scan and DFT methods which control clocks for testability. The hardware scheme and test generation algorithm are presented. Test generation results for ISCAS '89 circuits have been generated and showed an improvement in test generation time and fault coverage.
Safety and Efficacy of Epithelium-On Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Using a Multifactorial Approach to Achieve Proper Stromal Riboflavin Saturation (2012)

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of epithelium-on corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using a multifactorial approach to achieve proper stromal riboflavin saturation. Methods. This non-randomized retrospective study comprised 61 eyes with progressive keratoconus treated with epithelium-on CXL. Chemical epithelial penetration enhancement (benzalkonium chloride-containing local medication and hypotonic riboflavin solution), mechanical disruption of the superficial epithelium, and prolongation of the riboflavin-induction time until verification of stromal saturation were used before the UVA irradiation. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA, CDVA), refraction, corneal topography, and aberrometry were evaluated at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative. Results. At 12-month, UDVA and CDVA improved significantly. None of the eyes lost lines of CDVA, while 27.4% of the eyes gained 2 or more lines. Mean spherical equivalent decreased by 0.74 D, and mean cylindrical reduction was 1.15 D. Irregularity index and asymmetry from Scheimpflug-based topography and Max-K at the location of cone from Placido-based topography showed a significant decrease. Higher-order-aberration data demonstrated a slight reduction in odd-order aberrations S 3, 5,7 (P = 0.04). Postoperative pain without other complications was recorded. Conclusion. Epithelium-on CXL with our novel protocol appeared to be safe and effective in the treatment of progressive keratoconus.
Use of Cytoplasmic Hybrid Cell Lines for Elucidating the Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease (1999)

There is substantial evidence of mitochondrial defects in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases (AD and PD). We have probed the molecular implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in these diseases by transferring mitochondria from platelets obtained from disease and control donors into mitochondrial DNA-depleted recipient neuron-based cells (rho 0 cells). This process creates cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cells where the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the donor is expressed in the nuclear and cellular background of the host rho 0 cell. Differences in phenotype between disease and control groups can thus be attributed to the exogenous mitochondria and mtDNA. Key methodological issues relating to this approach were addressed by demonstrating that recipient rho 0 cells have < 1 mtDNA copy/cell, and that exclusive repopulation with donor mtDNA occurs in cybrid cells. Further, we describe that sampling of heterogeneous cell populations is a valid approach for cybrid analysis. Our studies show that the focal respiratory chain defects reported in platelets of AD and PD cybrids can be recapitulated in AD and PD cybrids. In addition, both AD and PD cybrids display increased oxidative stress and perturbations in calcium homeostasis. These data suggest that the transfer of a mtDNA defect from disease donor platelets is the likely cause of the cybrid biochemical phenotype, and highlight the potential value of these cell lines as cellular disease models.