gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementation of automatic fuzzy fingerprint vault (2008)

Biometric-based authentication can provide strong security guarantee about the identity of users. However, security of biometric data is particularly important as the compromise of the data will be permanent. To protect the biometric data, we need to store it in a non-invertible transformed version. Thus, even if the transformed version is compromised, the actual biometric data remains safe. In this paper, we implement the fuzzy fingerprint vault system combining fingerprint verification and fuzzy vault scheme to protect fingerprint templates. Fuzzy vault is a recently developed cryptographic construct to secure critical data with the fingerprint data in a way that only the authorized user can access the secret by providing the valid fingerprint. However, all the previous results assumed that fingerprint features were pre-aligned. To solve this problem, we perform the automatic alignment of fingerprint features by using the geometric hashing technique. Also, we implement a new RS decoding algorithm based on the Extended Euclidean algorithm proposed by Gao. Based on the experimental results, we confirm that the proposed approach can align fingerprint features automatically in the domain of the fuzzy vault and perform fingerprint verification with the protected template in real-time.
Heterozygosity for the "DN Allele" (G<sup>533</sup>-> A) of the β-Hexosaminidase α Subunit Gene Identified by Direct DNA Sequencing in a Family with the B1 Variant of G<sub>M2</sub>-Gangliosidosis (1992)

A new patient having clinical, pathologic and biochemical features of the exceedingly rate B1 variant of GM2-gangliosidosis is described. This patient, of northern European (non-Ashkenazi) ancestry, is the first affected child of this ethnic background available for molecular genetic analysis; thus, she represented an opportunity to identify a new mutation associated with this phenotype or, conversely, to further characterize the DN allele of the hexosaminidase alpha gene (G533-greater than A) as a more widely distributed mutation not previously observed in this gene pool. As a means of rapid analysis, we report a strategy for PCR amplification and direct DNA sequencing of exon 5 of the hexosaminidase alpha gene, the most frequent site of mutations in this condition. With this technique, the father of the affected child was determined to be heterozygous for the DN allele, while the mother was found to have only the normal sequence in this region. This observation further extends the known geographic and ethnic distribution of this mutation, and suggests the likelihood that the DN allele has been derived by multiple independent mutational events.
Low frequency noise in arrays of magnetic tunnel junctions connected in series and parallel (2009)

Low frequency noise and small output voltage are the strongest limitations to the use of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) for magnetic sensor applications, replacing giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and anisotropic magnetoresistance sensors. In this paper, we explore the possibility of using arrays with a large number of MTJs connected in parallel/series to overcome these limitations. MTJ’s sensor arrays of more than 3×103 junction elements in different configurations have been fabricated. Low frequency noise and detectivity have been measured and compared to an analytical model, with detectivities of about 16 nT/Hz1/2 achieved in a series/parallel architecture. This detectivity levels are competitive with single devices based on GMR, with the advantage of not requiring additional flux concentrators.
Carboxyl group of residue Asp647 as possible proton donor in catalytic reaction of α‐glucosidase from <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> (2001)

cDNA encoding Schizosaccharomyces pombe alpha-glucosidase was cloned from a library constructed from mRNA of the fission yeast, and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cDNA, 4176 bp in length, included a single ORF composed of 2910 bp encoding a polypeptide of 969 amino-acid residues with M(r) 106 138. The deduced amino-acid sequence showed a high homology to those of alpha-glucosidases from molds, plants and mammals. Therefore, the enzyme was categorized into the alpha-glucosidase family II. By site-directed mutagenesis, Asp481, Glu484 and Asp647 residues were confirmed to be essential in the catalytic reaction. The carboxyl group (-COOH) of the Asp647 residue was for the first time shown to be the most likely proton donor acting as the acid catalyst in the alpha-glucosidase of family II. Studies with the chemical modifier conduritol B epoxide suggested that the carboxylate group (-COO-) of the Asp481 residue was the catalytic nucleophile, although the role of the Glu484 residue remains obscure.
Constant-time dynamic ATM bandwidth scheduling for guaranteed and best effort services with overbooking (2002)

We present an analysis of an existing rate-based ABR scheduling algorithm described by Kline (see ATM-Forum Contribution 94-0849), and propose an enhanced rate-based round robin (RBR) scheduling algorithm for ATM switches and end systems. One of the novel aspects of RBR is that the scheduler supports available bit rate (ABR) traffic as well as guaranteed bandwidth reservations. In addition, bandwidth overbooking is allowed by the scheduler for ABR services to improve the link efficiency as recommended by most flow control schemes. Under competition, the scheduler distributes the bandwidth in a max-min fair way. Any unused reservations for guaranteed services are reallocated to ABR services. Finally, the operations performed during each scheduling cycle are constant, independent of the number of connections. Simulation results are also presented and analyzed.
3D printing for soft robotics – a review (2018)

Soft robots have received an increasing attention due to their advantages of high flexibility and safety for human operators but the fabrication is a challenge. Recently, 3D printing has been used as a key technology to fabricate soft robots because of high quality and printing multiple materials at the same time. Functional soft materials are particularly well suited for soft robotics due to a wide range of stimulants and sensitive demonstration of large deformations, high motion complexities and varied multi-functionalities. This review comprises a detailed survey of 3D printing in soft robotics. The development of key 3D printing technologies and new materials along with composites for soft robotic applications is investigated. A brief summary of 3D-printed soft devices suitable for medical to industrial applications is also included. The growing research on both 3D printing and soft robotics needs a summary of the major reported studies and the authors believe that this review article serves the purpose.
File archival techniques using data compression (1982)

The performance of most small computer systems is determined, to a large extent, by the characteristics of their mass storage devices. Data compression can expand the storage capacity of such devices and also slightly increase their speed. Here, a summary of one method of data compression using Huffman variable length coding is presented, along with statistics of effectiveness for various file types and practical techniques for integrating such methods into a small computer system.
Ethanol/water mixture pervaporation performance of <scp><i>b</i></scp>‐oriented silicalite‐1 membranes made by gel‐free secondary growth (2015)

b‐oriented silicalite‐1 membranes on porous silica supports were synthesized using gel‐free secondary growth. The porous silica supports were made by pressing crushed quartz fibers followed by sintering and polishing, and further modified by slip‐coating three layers of Stöber silica particles (1000, 350, and 50 nm). The b‐oriented seed layers were prepared by rubbing silicalite‐1 particles (2 μm × 0.8 μm × 3 μm along a‐, b‐, and c‐axis, respectively) after depositing a polymeric layer on the support. After silicalite‐1 seed deposition, a final coating of spherical silica particles was applied. Well‐intergrown, μm‐thick, b‐oriented membranes were obtained, which, after calcination, exhibited ethanol permselectivity in ethanol/water mixture pervaporation. At 60°C and for ∼5 wt % ethanol/water mixtures, the best membrane exhibited overall pervaporation separation factor of 85 (corresponding to membrane intrinsic selectivity of 7.7) and total flux of 2.1 kg/(m 2 ·h). This performance is comparable to the best performing MFI membranes reported in the literature. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 62: 556–563, 2016
Characterization of Sulfhydryl Proteins Involved in the Maintenance of Flagellar Straightness in Hamster Spermatozoa (1990)

Hamster caput epididymal spermatozoa exhibit a marked 90-180 degree bend when induced to acquire progressive motility in vitro (Cornwall et al, 1988). Flagellar bending is prevented by oxidizing sperm sulfhydryl (SH) groups with diamide. In the present study, the authors examined the SH proteins involved in sperm flagellar bending using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and monobromobimane, an SH-specific fluorescent dye. Proteins extracted from samples containing bent caput spermatozoa contained more reduced SH than the same proteins extracted from straight caput spermatozoa. To further characterize these sperm SH proteins, caudal epididymal spermatozoa that exhibited straight flagella were induced to undergo flagellar bending by treatment with the SH reductant dithiothreitol. Specific proteins of 85-94 kDa, 50-55 kDa and 35-40 kDa, which were rich in SH groups when extracted from samples containing bent caput spermatozoa, were also SH-rich in samples containing bent cauda spermatozoa. These studies suggest that oxidation of specific SH proteins may be important for maintaining sperm flagellar morphology.
Superposing images with shadow casting (1990)

Algorithms for rendering complex and shaded animation sequences are described. The target display device for these image rendering algorithms is a multichannel display based on the superposing technique realized in hardware. An animation sequence is displayed by superposing a dynamic foreground on a static background. The static background can be a very complex scene, and the dynamic foreground can be an image with a simple to medium complexity. These two algorithms were developed based on raytracing. >
The Mechanism of Intein-Mediated Protein Splicing: Variations on a Theme (2005)

Intein-mediated protein splicing is facilitated by four separate but coordinated nucleophilic displacement reactions that result in the excision of the intein and the ligation of the flanking polypeptides, called the exteins. These reactions are catalyzed by the intein plus the first downstream extein amino acid without the assistance of cofactors or auxiliary enzymes. Non-canonical inteins missing conserved nucleophilic residues at the N- or C-terminus likely splice using variations of the standard mechanism.
Patentspeak: A New Logoputian Lingo (1999)

In the language Patentspeak (more precisely, its American dialect), every sentence or phrase is required to be the title of a patent issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The number of issued U.S. patents is nearing the six million mark; nonetheless, Patentspeak is still a highly constrained language, due to the range of vocabulary available and the fact that patent titles are usually long phrases, not isolated words.
Confusion Over Measures of Evidence (<i>p</i>'s) Versus Errors (<i>α</i>'s) in Classical Statistical Testing (2003)

Confusion surrounding the reporting and interpretation of results of classical statistical tests is widespread among applied researchers, most of whom erroneously believe that such tests are prescribed by a single coherent theory of statistical inference. This is not the case: Classical statistical testing is an anonymous hybrid of the competing and frequently contradictory approaches formulated by R. A. Fisher on the one hand, and Jerzy Neyman and Egon Pearson on the other. In particular, there is a widespread failure to appreciate the incompatibility of Fisher's evidential p value with the Type I error rate, α, of Neyman-Pearson statistical orthodoxy. The distinction between evidence (p's) and error (α's) is not trivial. Instead, it reflects the fundamental differences between Fisher's ideas on significance testing and inductive inference, and Neyman-Pearson's views on hypothesis testing and inductive behavior. The emphasis of the article is to expose this incompatibility, but we also briefly note a possible reconciliation.
The Active Buffer Management Scheme using Virtual Transmission Delay in the IEEE 802.11e Network (2010)

Due to the advance of WLAN technology, the use of the multimedia service such as the video streaming service has been increased in the home network or CCTV monitoring for cars or construction materials. However, we need to study the method which decreases the transmission delay and the frame loss rate to provide QoS of the video streaming service. Therefore, this paper proposes an active buffer management scheme to guarantee QoS of the video streaming service in the IEEE 802.11e EDCA. The proposed scheme discards the frame in the HoL(Head of Line) of the buffer based on the priority of each frame and the virtual transmission delay of frame newly arriving at the buffer. In the simulation results, the proposed scheme not only decreases the frame loss probability of important I and P frames but also stabilizes the transmission delay. It may increase the QoS of video streaming services.
Nanocrystalline silicon superlattices: fabrication and characterization (1998)

Rapid thermal annealing of amorphous Si/SiO2 superlattices deposited by rf-sputtering and plasma oxidation forms Si nanocrystals while maintaining the superlattice structure. The crystal size is controlled by the thickness of the Si sublayers and can be varied from 12 nm to ∼2.5 nm. The strain in the c-Si/SiO2 structure is released by annealing at 1050°C using a slow temperature ramp. After wet oxidation which reduces the size and completes the passivation of the crystals by SiO2, the room-temperature band-edge photoluminescence reaches an external quantum efficiency >0.1%.
Characterization of subscriber local loop by measures and analysis of frequency and impulse responses (2006)

This paper presents methodologies that could be used for characterizing subscriber telephone loops that carry DSL services (ADSL and ADSL2+), by determination and analysis of frequency response, time domain reflectometry, and impulse response of the line. From this analysis, the subscriber loop length, identification and location of impairments such as bridged taps, gauge changes, and open ended termination across the line are carried out. To verify the methodologies presented, results obtained from measurements are drawn and compared to results obtained from computational simulations.
Adrenodoxin—A versatile ferredoxin (2012)

Mammalian adrenodoxin (Adx) has been known for many years as an essential electron mediator in mitochondrial cytochrome P450 systems. Because of its ability to support several cytochrome P450 enzymes, it is involved not only in adrenal steroid hormone biosynthesis but also in vitamin D and bile acid metabolism. Recently, Adx is increasingly gaining attention because of its potential for pharmaceutical industry and biotechnology. With human cytochromes P450 becoming important drug targets, suitable Adx-based screening systems have to be developed to test putative new drugs. Moreover, in artificial systems, Adx has been shown to functionally interact with diverse bacterial cytochromes P450 catalyzing a variety of chemically interesting reactions. Putative biotechnological applications of such Adx-containing reconstituted systems are discussed.
Diffractive optics at the surface of light-emitting/receiving semiconductor components (2000)

Abstract Semiconductor components that emit or receive light can use diffractive surface structures to increase the functionality and reduce the number of additional optical components needed in the system. The diffractive structure couples the light out of, or into, the semiconductor material; it splits the light and directs it into one focus or several foci at any desired position. Further, the diffractive optics can be designed so that the function of the device is largely insensitive to the polarization of the light. In this survey, we briefly discuss design and fabrication issues, and show simulated and measured results, for a few different types of components.
Rational Design of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitors (2010)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an important therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases such as cancer that involve pathological immune escape. We have used the evolutionary docking algorithm EADock to design new inhibitors of this enzyme. First, we investigated the modes of binding of all known IDO inhibitors. On the basis of the observed docked conformations, we developed a pharmacophore model, which was then used to devise new compounds to be tested for IDO inhibition. We also used a fragment-based approach to design and to optimize small organic molecule inhibitors. Both approaches yielded several new low-molecular weight inhibitor scaffolds, the most active being of nanomolar potency in an enzymatic assay. Cellular assays confirmed the potential biological relevance of four different scaffolds.
Coherent and Differential ICI Cancellation for Mobile OFDM with Application to DVB-H (2008)

We develop a reduced-complexity hybrid frequency/time-domain orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) channel estimation algorithm for high-mobility scenarios where the channel varies significantly within each OFDM block, resulting in severe intercarrier interference (ICI). The algorithm exploits the banded and symmetric structure of the channel matrix in the frequency domain and its sparse structure in the time-domain to achieve significant complexity reductions, which we quantify for the Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld (DVB-H) system. Furthermore, we compare coherent and differential mobile OFDM detection for DVB-H.
Capsule endoscopy of the small bowel (2016)

Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a first line small bowel investigative modality which provides more sensitive mucosal imaging than comparators. It is a non-invasive, non-irradiating tool well tolerated by patients. The risk of retention of the capsule can be minimised by ensuring luminal patency using the Agile patency device. Research continues into how to minimise missed pathology and variability in the identification of pathology or interpretation of images. The consensus is that bowel preparation using laxatives improves visibility and diagnostic yield. Research includes the development of image recognition software, both to eliminate sequentially identical images to improve viewing speed and to select or enhance images likely to represent pathology. However, careful reading by experienced capsule endoscopists remains the benchmark. This should be performed at a speed comfortable to the viewer, probably at a maximum of 15 frames per second. Some prior experience of endoscopy appears to be helpful for novice capsule endoscopists and formal training on a hands-on training course seems to improve pathology recognition, for novices and for those with CE experience.
Expanding Tetra[2,3-thienylene]-Based Molecular Muscles to Larger [4<i>n</i>]Annulenes (2002)

The synthesis, X-ray structure, and predicted redox-induced conformational dynamics of a thiophene-fused [12]annulene is reported. Regiospecific halogenation of the thiophene ring system and transition-metal catalyzed cross-couplings are key elements in the synthetic strategy. It is predicted (B3LYP/6-31G*) that redox-induced conformational changes yield significant dimensional changes in this annulene, thus establishing it as a candidate for single molecule actuation.
Investigating the Interactions of the Saturate, Aromatic, Resin, and Asphaltene Four Fractions in Asphalt Binders by Molecular Simulations (2014)

Molecular dynamics provides a powerful tool to understand the elusive structure–performance relationship of asphalts. The combined molecular models were selected to investigate the interactions of the saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene (SARA) four fractions and the correlation between fractions and the “bee-like structures” by atomic force microscopy in asphalts. The results showed that van der Waals was the main force to control intermolecular interactions. The arrangement of SARA fractions largely conformed to the modern colloid theory. However, some alkanes, sulfides, and condensed aromatics had different behaviors. Long-chain alkanes inserted into layers of asphaltenes, and small sulfides without long alkyl chains adhered to large sulfides or asphaltenes; nevertheless, counterpart condensed aromatics became much closer to those molecules. Strong interactions between the dispersed phase and continuous phase generated a larger size and greater number of “bee structures”. Asphaltenes played as a core, and long-chain paraffin played as an inducer, to affect the distribution of “bee structures”.
Evoked Electromyography-Based Closed-Loop Torque Control in Functional Electrical Stimulation (2013)

This paper proposed a closed-loop torque control strategy of functional electrical stimulation (FES) with the aim of obtaining an accurate, safe, and robust FES system. Generally, FES control systems are faced with the challenge of how to deal with time-variant muscle dynamics due to physiological and biochemical factors (such as fatigue). The degraded muscle force needs to be compensated in order to ensure the accuracy of the motion restored by FES. Another challenge concerns the fact that implantable sensors are unavailable to feedback torque information for FES in humans. As FES-evoked electromyography (EMG) represents the activity of stimulated muscles, and also enables joint torque prediction as presented in our previous studies, here we propose an EMG-feedback predictive controller of FES to control joint torque adaptively. EMG feedback contributes to taking the activated muscle state in the FES torque control system into account. The nature of the predictive controller facilitates prediction of the muscle mechanical response and the system can therefore control joint torque from EMG feedback and also respond to time-variant muscle state changes. The control performance, fatigue compensation and aggressive control suppression capabilities of the proposed controller were evaluated and discussed through experimental and simulation studies.
An in-receiver database-the critical factor in RBDS (1993)

The in-receiver database system (I-RDS) of the radio broadcast data system (RBDS) is described. I-RDS is designed to offer the following main features to the radio listener: (1) automatic identification of any station by call letters, frequency, location (city, state), and format (program type) and (2) format-scanning, i.e., the ability to tune to any station by selecting the type of music or program usually broadcast by the station. I-RDS is important to the market acceptance of RBDS since it is only with its implementation that all 13000+ North American stations in both AM and FM can be automatically identified and instantly accessed through format-scanning.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Role of Oligosaccharides in Modifying Protein Function (2007)

It has been proposed that protein-bound oligosaccharides interact with the protein to which they are attached to up- or down-regulate the bioactivity of the 'composite' glycoprotein. Oligosaccharide analyses of the glycoproteins Thy-1, tissue plasminogen activator and immunoglobulin G are presented. Correlations between particular glycoforms and enzymic activities are demonstrated for tissue plasminogen activator. The change in the prevalence of particular immunoglobulin G glycoforms is shown to correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid activity.