gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic cancer with diabetes: the RegIV protein expression and its clinical value (2013)

Objective To evaluate the RegⅣ protein expression profile in pancreatic cancer with or without diabetes,and to define the contribution of Reg Ⅳ in pancreatic cancer development.Methods The expressions of RegⅣ protein with or without type 2 diabetes in human pancreatic cancer tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,in order to analyze its relationship with pancreatic cancer progression.Results The positive expression rate of RegⅣ in 60 patients with pancreatic cancer was 71.7 ％00 (43/60).The positive expression rate of pancreatic cancer tissue was significantly higher than normal pancreatic tissue (30.0％,x2 =10.97,P＜0.05).The prevalence of RegⅣ proteinpositive pancreatic cancer 87.8％ (43/49) was significantly higher than the negative pancreatic cancer54.8％ (17/31) (OR=5.90,95％ CI 1.90-17.89).Analysis using the Spearman correlation,overexpression of RegⅣ protein in pancreatic cancer resulted in accelerated diabetes (rs =0.331,P＜0.05).Overexpression of RegⅣ protein in pancreatic cancer and with diabetes were significantly correlated with TNM stage,tumor size,lymph node metastasis and degree of differentiation on histology,but not with age and gender.Conclusions RegⅣ protein overexpresses in pancreatic cancer patients with diabetes and plays an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer.It may be used as a predictor for patients with diabetes and pancreatic cancer.

Key words: 
Pancreatic neoplasms; Diabetes mellitus,type 2; Immunohistochemistry
A True Kerr-Cell Framing Camera (1962)

A Kerr-cell framing camera hat been designed incorporating a multifaced prism which directs a portion of the energy collected by a primary objective lens through each of six separate Kerr-cell shutters. Separate images of the same event from the same aspect and through the same set of optics are thus possible. Using established triggering techniques, framing rates to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> /sec are achieved at exposure times in the range of 5 to 10,000 nanosec. Exposure time and resolution are independent of framing rate.
Reduced False Positives and Improved Reporting of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification using Quenched Fluorescent Primers (2019)

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is increasingly used in molecular diagnostics as an alternative to PCR based methods. There are numerous reported techniques to detect the LAMP amplification including turbidity, bioluminescence and intercalating fluorescent dyes. In this report we show that quenched fluorescent labels on various LAMP primers can be used to quantify and detect target DNA molecules down to single copy numbers. By selecting different fluorophores, this method can be simply multiplexed. Moreover this highly specific LAMP detection technique can reduce the incidence of false positives originating from mispriming events. Attribution of these events to particular primers will help inform and improve LAMP primer design.
Optical absorption of thin film on a Lambertian reflector substrate (1984)

A formula is derived for calculating the optical absorption of thin films deposited on a Lambertian reflector substrate. It is shown that compared with the case of flat reflecting substrate, the incoherent absorption is enhanced by a factor of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m\epsilon_{1}</tex> in the weak absorption limit, where ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> is the real part of the film dielectric constant and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m \simeq 2</tex> is a slightly varying function of ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> . For a 0.5-µm a-SiH <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> (bandgap 1.7 eV) solar cell with a Lambertian reflector substrate, the total absorption in terms of the short-circuit current is calculated to be 18.63 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Electroless Addition of Catalytic Pd to SnO<sub>2</sub> Nanopowders (2001)

A new procedure based on the electroless reduction of PdCl2 using Sn(II) as reducing agent is reported to efficiently add a controlled amount of Pd to nanoscaled SnO2 powders. The characterization of these powders using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, ICP, and TEM is presented and discussed in order to show the feasibility of the proposed catalyst addition mechanism as a useful tool for the improvement of existing catalytic materials for gas sensors. Several palladium salt concentrations and reducing agent ratios and also different annealing temperatures have been used to analyze the influence on the morphology and composition of the samples. Results showed the presence of uniformly distributed metallic Pd clusters on the SnO2 surface at any annealing temperature and the formation of well-distributed PdO clusters of less than 3 nm after annealing at sufficiently high temperature, with incorporation in this case of palladium into the nanoscaled SnO2 particles.
Convenient Synthesis of Sorafenib and Its Derivatives (2011)

Abstract This article describes a convenient synthesis of sorafinib and its derivatives from phenyl carbamates in good yields. This procedure, avoiding toxic phosgene, is especially suitable for large-scale preparation.
Guidelines for presentation and comparison of indexing techniques (1996)

Descriptions of new indexing techniques are a common outcome of database research, but these descriptions are sometimes marred by poor methodology and a lack of comparison to other schemes. In this paper we describe a framework for presentation and comparison of indexing schemes that we believe sets a minimum standard for development and dissemination of research results in this area.
Electrical Wave Filters Employing Quartz Crystals as Elements (1934)

This paper discusses the use of piezoelectric crystals as elements in wave filters and shows that very sharp selectivities can be obtained by employing such elements. It is shown that by employing crystals and condensers only, very narrow band filters result. By using coils and transformers in conjuction with crystals and condensers, wide-band-pass and high and low-pass filters can be constructed having very sharp selectivities. The circuit configurations employed are such that the coil dissipation has only the effect of adding a constant loss to the filter characteristic, this loss being independent of the frequency. Experimental curves are given showing the degree of selection possible.
Phonon Networks with Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond Waveguides (2018)

We propose and analyze a novel realization of a solid-state quantum network, where separated silicon-vacancy centers are coupled via the phonon modes of a quasi-one-dimensional diamond waveguide. In our approach, quantum states encoded in long-lived electronic spin states can be converted into propagating phonon wave packets and be reabsorbed efficiently by a distant defect center. Our analysis shows that under realistic conditions, this approach enables the implementation of high-fidelity, scalable quantum communication protocols within chip-scale spin-qubit networks. Apart from quantum information processing, this setup constitutes a novel waveguide QED platform, where strong-coupling effects between solid-state defects and individual propagating phonons can be explored at the quantum level.
Isolation and characterization of regulatory mutants from Schizosaccharomyces pombe involved in thiamine-regulated gene expression. (1992)

Mutants from Schizosaccharomyces pombe deficient in the regulation of thiamine-repressible acid phosphatase have been isolated. Mutants expressing derepressed levels of the enzyme in the presence and absence of thiamine map in three genes, tnr1, tnr2 and tnr3. mRNA levels of the pho4 gene (coding for thiamine repressible acid phosphatase) and another thiamine-regulatable gene, thi3 (coding for a thiamine biosynthetic enzyme and corresponding to nmt1) are constitutively synthesized in the mutants. The mutants also exhibit constitutive thiamine transport which is thiamine repressible in wild type. The tnr3 mutants reveal a 10-20-fold higher intracellular thiamine level than tnr1 and tnr2 mutants and wild type. Mutants expressing repressed levels of thiamine-repressible acid phosphatase map in gene thi1. No or little amounts of pho4- and nmt1-specific mRNA can be detected. These mutants are impaired in thiamine uptake and are thiamine auxotrophic due to the inability to synthesize the thiazole moiety of the thiamine molecule. All tested tnr and thi1 alleles are recessive, and thi1 mutations are epistatic over tnr mutations. We assume that the thi1 and tnr genes are involved in thiamine-mediated transcription control.
Preferential Transfer of 2‐Docosahexaenoyl‐1‐Lysophosphatidylcholine Through an In Vitro Blood‐Brain Barrier Over Unesterified Docosahexaenoic Acid (1999)

The passage of either unesterified docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or lysophosphatidylcholine-containing DHA (lysoPC-DHA) through an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier was investigated. The model was constituted by a brain capillary endothelial cell monolayer set over the medium of an astrocyte culture. Cells were incubated for 4 h with a medium devoid of serum, then the endothelial cell medium was replaced by the same medium containing labeled DHA or lysoPC-DHA and incubations were performed for 2 h. DHA uptake by cells and its transfer to the lower medium (astrocyte medium when they were present) were measured. When the lower medium from preincubation and astrocytes were maintained during incubation, the passage of lysoPC-DHA was higher than that of unesterified DHA. The passage of both forms decreased when astrocytes were removed. The preference for lysoPC-DHA was not seen when the lower medium from preincubation was replaced by fresh medium, and was reversed when albumin was added to the lower medium. A preferential lysoPC-DHA passage also occurred after 2 h with brain endothelial cells cultured without astrocytes but not with aortic endothelial cells cultured and incubated under the same conditions. Altogether, these results suggest that the blood-brain barrier cells released components favoring the DHA transfer and exhibit a preference for lysoPC-DHA.
Electrode indicator technique for measuring low levels of cyanide (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrode indicator technique for measuring low levels of cyanideM. S. Frant, J. W. Ross, and J. H. RisemanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 13, 2227–2230Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60321a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60321a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Total kinetic analysis reveals how combinatorial methylation patterns are established on lysines 27 and 36 of histone H3 (2012)

We have developed a targeted method to quantify all combinations of methylation on an H3 peptide containing lysines 27 and 36 (H3K27-K36). By using stable isotopes that separately label the histone backbone and its methylations, we tracked the rates of methylation and demethylation in myeloma cells expressing high vs. low levels of the methyltransferase MMSET/WHSC1/NSD2. Following quantification of 99 labeled H3K27-K36 methylation states across time, a kinetic model converged to yield 44 effective rate constants qualifying each methylation and demethylation step as a function of the methylation state on the neighboring lysine. We call this approach MS-based measurement and modeling of histone methylation kinetics (M4K). M4K revealed that, when dimethylation states are reached on H3K27 or H3K36, rates of further methylation on the other site are reduced as much as 100-fold. Overall, cells with high MMSET have as much as 33-fold increases in the effective rate constants for formation of H3K36 mono- and dimethylation. At H3K27, cells with high MMSET have elevated formation of K27me1, but even higher increases in the effective rate constants for its reversal by demethylation. These quantitative studies lay bare a bidirectional antagonism between H3K27 and H3K36 that controls the writing and erasing of these methylation marks. Additionally, the integrated kinetic model was used to correctly predict observed abundances of H3K27-K36 methylation states within 5% of that actually established in perturbed cells. Such predictive power for how histone methylations are established should have major value as this family of methyltransferases matures as drug targets.
STAT3 mediates IL-6-induced neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer cells (2000)

These results indicate that STAT3 is a mediator of both NE differentiation and growth inhibition in LNCaP and PC-3, suggesting a connection between growth inhibition and NE differentiation in prostate cancer.
A Review on Nanofluids: Fabrication, Stability, and Thermophysical Properties (2018)

Nanofluids have been receiving great attention in recent years due to their potential usage, not only as an enhanced thermophysical heat transfer fluid but also because of their great importance in applications such as drug delivery and oil recovery. Nevertheless, there are some challenges that need to be solved before nanofluids can become commercially acceptable. The main challenges of nanofluids are their stability and operational performance. Nanofluids stability is significantly important in order to maintain their thermophysical properties after fabrication for a long period of time. Therefore, enhancing nanofluids stability and understanding nanofluid behaviour are part of the chain needed to commercialise such type of advanced fluids. In this context, the aim of this article is to summarise the current progress on the study of nanofluids, such as the fabrication procedures, stability evaluation mechanism, stability enhancement procedures, nanofluids thermophysical properties, and current commercialisation challenges. Finally, the article identifies some possible opportunities for future research that can bridge the gap between in-lab research and commercialisation of nanofluids.
Comparison of Head-Related Transfer Functions Pre-Processing Techniques for Spherical Harmonics Decomposition (2018)

Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are the basis for virtual auditory reality, and a large HRTF set with high spatial resolution is required for a perceptually transparent representation. Consequently, HRTFs are commonly reconstructed from a reduced data set by means of interpolation, and spherical harmonics are a particularly promising approach for this purpose. Since the spherical harmonics have to be order truncated in practice, it is of interest to pre-process the HRTFs in a way that concentrates the relevant energy at low orders because this will directly reduce the required number of HRTFs, and reduce the computational cost for their reconstruction. The current study compared various pre-processing techniques of which time aligning the HRTFs with sub-sample accuracy prior to the spherical harmonics processing produced the best results. For this method, the error measures for localization, coloration, and correlation were below the just noticeable difference for orders 4 and higher on average, while orders of about 10 to 15 are needed to reduce the errors for a wider range of source positions and frequency bands. Using the complex HRTF spectra, which is the most common approach, showed the largest errors in almost all cases.
Using shallow linguistic analysis to improve search on Danish compounds (2006)

In this paper we focus on a specific search-related query expansion topic, namely search on Danish compounds and expansion to some of their synonymous phrases. Compounds constitute a specific issue in search, in particular in languages where they are written in one word, as is the case for Danish and the other Scandinavian languages. For such languages, expansion of the query compound into separate lemmas is a way of finding the often frequent alternative synonymous phrases in which the content of a compound can also be expressed. However, it is crucial to note that the number of irrelevant hits is generally very high when using this expansion strategy. The aim of this paper is therefore to examine how we can obtain better search results on split compounds, partly by looking at the internal structure of the original compound, partly by analyzing the context in which the split compound occurs. In this context, we pursue two hypotheses: (1) that some categories of compounds are more likely to have synonymous ‘split’ counterparts than others; and (2) that search results where both the search words (obtained by splitting the compound) occur in the same noun phrase, are more likely to contain a synonymous phrase to the original compound query. The search results from 410 enhanced compound queries are used as a test bed for our experiments. On these search results, we perform a shallow linguistic analysis and introduce a new, linguistically based threshold for retrieved hits. The results obtained by using this strategy demonstrate that compound splitting combined with a shallow linguistic analysis focusing on the argument structure of the compound head as well as on the recognition of NPs, can improve search by substantially bringing down the number of irrelevant hits.
The use of spectrophotometry to estimate melanin density in Caucasians (1997)

1Menzies Centre for Population Health Research and 2Department of Pathology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Human Activity Detection from RGBD Images (2011)

Being able to detect and recognize human activities is important for making personal assistant robots useful in performing assistive tasks. The challenge is to de-velop a system that is low-cost, reliable in unstructured home settings, and also straightforward to use. In this paper, we use a RGBD sensor (Microsoft Kinect) as the input sensor, and present learning algorithms to in-fer the activities. Our algorithm is based on a hierar-chical maximum entropy Markov model (MEMM). It considers a person’s activity as composed of a set of sub-activities, and infers the two-layered graph struc-ture using a dynamic programming approach. We test our algorithm on detecting and recognizing twelve dif-ferent activities performed by four people in different environments, such as a kitchen, a living room, an of-fice, etc., and achieve an average performance of 84.3% when the person was seen before in the training set (and 64.2 % when the person was not seen before).
SUMO-1-Dependent Allosteric Regulation of Thymine DNA Glycosylase Alters Subnuclear Localization and CBP/p300 Recruitment (2006)

Previous studies have demonstrated that the base excision repair enzyme thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) mediates recruitment of histone acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300 to DNA, suggesting a plausible role for these factors in TDG-mediated repair. Furthermore, TDG was found to potentiate CBP/p300-dependent transcription and serve as a substrate for CBP/p300 acetylation. Here, we show that the small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO-1) protein binding activity of TDG is essential for activation of CBP and localization to promyelocytic leukemia protein oncogenic domains (PODs). SUMO-1 binding is mediated by two distinct amino- and carboxy-terminal motifs (residues 144 to 148 and 319 to 322) that are negatively regulated by DNA binding via an amino-terminal hydrophilic region (residues 1 to 121). TDG is also posttranslationally modified by covalent conjugation of SUMO-1 (sumoylation) to lysine 341. Interestingly, we found that sumoylation of TDG blocks interaction with CBP and prevents TDG acetylation in vitro. Furthermore, sumoylation effectively abrogates intermolecular SUMO-1 binding and a sumoylation-deficient mutant accumulates in PODs, suggesting that sumoylation negatively regulates translocation to these nuclear structures. These findings suggest that TDG sumoylation promotes intramolecular interactions with amino- and carboxy-terminal SUMO-1 binding motifs that dramatically alter the biochemical properties and subcellular localization of TDG.
The cost of migraine and its treatment. (2005)

Migraine headache incurs estimated annual costs totaling as much as 17 billion dollars in the United States. Most of the direct costs are for outpatient services: medications, office or clinic visits, emergency department visits, laboratory and diagnostic services, and management of treatment side effects. Indirect costs from lost productivity in the workplace add substantially to the total. The triptan class of drugs, used for abortive treatment, account for the greatest portion of medication costs. Because these agents are expensive, optimal use is critical. Research suggests that a stratified care strategy, with initial therapy based on the patient's score on the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, is both clinically advantageous and more cost-effective than stepped-care strategies. Also, the triptans are not interchangeable, and costs as well as clinical outcomes may vary with different agents in this class. Migraine prophylaxis is aimed at preventing frequent attacks and the development of a long-term condition that often incurs heavy costs for abortive treatment, diagnostic services, and medical care. Agents approved for migraine prophylaxis include the antiepileptics divalproex and topiramate and the beta blockers propranolol and timolol. As with abortive therapy, costs vary widely among these prophylactic agents. A novel approach to migraine prophylaxis is injection of botulinum toxin. A cost-analysis model is presented to show the impact of utilizing botulinum toxin in a large managed care system.
Combined intravitreal bevacizumab and photodynamic therapy with vertiporfin for management of choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration (2008)

Eighteen patients receiving combined therapy with PDT and intravitreal bevacizumab for CNV secondary to AMD, showed not only significant visual improvement but also reduction in the frequency of retreatment when compared to the results of monotherapy with each modality.
A bird's-eye view on the evolution of semiconductor superlattices and quantum wells (1986)

Following the past seventeen-year developmental path in the research of semiconductor superlattices and quantum wells, significant milestones are presented with emphasis on experimental investigations in the device physics of reduced dimensionality performed in cooperation with the materials science of heteroepitaxial growth.