gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-aqueous olive oil-in-glycerin (o/o) Pickering emulsions: Preparation, characterization and <i>in vitro</i> aspirin release (2017)

Non-aqueous olive oil-in-glycerin Pickering emulsions are successfully prepared and stabilized solely by hydrophobic silica nanoparticles possessing 50% silanol groups. Various aspects related to the preparation and physicochemical stability of such promising emulsions are investigated. The resulted emulsions exhibited excellent stability against coalescence for above one year. The apparent viscosity of the olive oil-in-glycerin emulsions is explored as a function of silica nanoparticle concentration and drop volume fraction for the first time. The flow behavior of these emulsions followed the non-Newtonian shear-thinning trend. Both simple o/o and multiple o/o/o emulsion types can be stabilized by one and the same silica nanoparticles during the catastrophic phase inversion, occurred at drop volume fraction between 0.4–0.5. Our findings are correlated with the widely accepted surfactant or solid-stabilized systems. The potential use of such unique emulsions as drug delivery vehicles is studied.
Doping of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> thin films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry (2001)

The knowledge of thickness, optical properties and doping profiles of thin film samples is essential in view of their application in electronic devices. Here we present spectroellipsometric analysis on metallic oxygen deficient SrTiO 3 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO 3 substrates. Such material is very interesting for applications in oxide electronics, having very large dielectric constant in the insulating state and becoming a metal with very high mobility with doping concentration as low as 10 18 e/cm 3 . First results indicate that SrTiO 3 thin films present a depressed optical absorption in the UV range above the energy gap and an absorption in the infrared region which is enhanced in respect to the bulk material.
27: Immune Reconstitution after Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation (2006)

Unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) has been increasingly utilized for a wide variety of malignant and non-malignant conditions. HLA-mismatching between cord blood grafts and their recipients is better tolerated with a reduced risk for lethal graft versus-host disease (GVHD) despite the adoptive transfer of several million cord blood T cells/kg recipient weight. The almost exclusively naïve, antigen inexperienced cord blood T lymphocytes demonstrate functional immaturity providing the currently accepted mechanism responsible for this phenomenon. However, infections within the first 3-6 months after UCBT, remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality. We will review key aspects of neonatal immunity that reflect the immunoregulatory effects of the feto-maternal interface. Multiple control mechanism exist here impacting on both neonatal and maternal T lymphocytes that are essential to sustain immune tolerance between fetus and mother. Our current research efforts focus on elucidating the unique biology of immune reconstitution after UCBT. Our guiding hypothesis is that the kinetics and quality of immune recovery within the first 2 months after transplant are directly related to interactions between the adoptively transferred T cells, host factors, and the presence or absence of latent viral infections. These interactions in a lymphopenic environment could influence and bias the emerging T lymphocytes and dendritic cells post-UCBT. We have extensively studied >150 children, all unrelated cord blood recipients, in our laboratory over the past years. Despite the presence of immunosuppressive agents such as Cyclosporine A and corticosteroids there is peripheral expansion and significant maturation in the T cell compartment already within the first 3 weeks after UCBT. Those experiencing or at risk for OI develop significantly faster towards an effector Th1/Tc1 phenotype and function, essential for effective control of viral, fungal infections. In addition select features of T cell activation and cytokine secretion profile can identify those who develop acute GVHD.
Energy-efficient power allocation for distributed large-scale MIMO cloud radio access networks (2014)

Recently, promoting energy efficiency is an important research issue in the wireless communication system. This paper investigates the resource management problem with the regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoding for the distributed large-scale multiple-input multiple-output cloud radio access network (DLS MIMO C-RAN) which consists of a large number of spatially distributed remote radio heads (RRHs). The challenges of this power allocation problem arise from the presence of both interference and imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). Therefore, the C-RAN based power allocation schemes are designed to efficiently allocate the transmit power of each RRH. Moreover, the large random matrix theory is applied to derive the asymptotic expressions for large number of antennas. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes can provide better energy efficiency with the consideration of quality-of-service (QoS) support.
A novel electrically tuned all-fiber comb filter (2004)

We demonstrated an all-fiber comb filter having an extinction ratio of /spl sim/20 dB using a two-mode fiber. Full free spectral range wavelength tuning is achieved using a thin film micro-heater directly deposited on the fiber.
Hydraulic Gas Pump and Gas Well De-Watering System: Two New Artificial-Lift Systems for Oil and Gas Wells (1993)

ABSTRACT This paper presents the concepts for two new artificial lift systems. The systems utilize the same operating principles. One system is for oil wells, the other unloads gas wells. The first system uses gas pressure to produce liquids through the tubing. This is called a Hydraulic Gas Pump. The other system uses gas pressure to unload gas wells and is called Gas Well De-watering System. In this system gas is produced through the tubing and liquid is produced through the casing tubing annulus. The Hydraulic Gas Pump is suitable to pump oil wells with high gas liquid ratio and viscous crude production. The De-watering System can be used to maintain a gas well in an unloaded condition for maximizing its production rate and recoverable reserves. Additional advantages of these systems are: ❖ They can be installed in shallow, deep, directional or offshore wells. ❖ They are wireline retrievable systems. ❖ Gas Lock and cavitation are not problems. ❖ They preform well in corrosive environments.
Proofreading DNA: recognition of aberrant DNA termini by the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I. (1994)

Fluorescence depolarization decays were measured for 5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl (dansyl) probes attached internally to 17-mer.27-mer oligonucleotides bound to Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I. The time-resolved motions of the dansyl probes were sensitive indicators of DNA-protein contacts, showing that the protein binds to DNA with two footprints, corresponding to primer termini at either the polymerase or 3'-5' exonuclease sites. We examined complexes of Klenow fragment with DNAs containing various base mismatches. Single mismatches at the primer terminus caused a 3- to 4-fold increase in the equilibrium partitioning of DNA into the exonuclease site; the largest effects were observed for purine-purine mismatches. Two or more consecutive G.G mismatches caused the DNA to bind exclusively at the exonuclease site, with a partitioning constant at least 250-fold greater than that of the corresponding matched DNA sequence. Internal single mismatches produced larger effects than the same mismatch at the primer terminus, with a delta delta G relative to the matched sequence of -1.1 to -1.3 kcal/mol for mismatches located 2, 3, or 4 bases from the primer terminus. Although part of the observed effects may be attributed to the increased melting capacity of the DNA, it appears that the polymerase site also promotes movement of DNA into the exonuclease site by rejecting aberrant primer termini. These effects suggest that the polymerase and exonuclease sites act together to recognize specific errors that distort the primer terminus, such as frameshifts, in addition to proofreading misincorporated bases.
New treatment for bile salt malabsorption: Table 1 (2005)

Currently available binding resins used for symptomatic bile salt malabsorption are generally poorly tolerated because of unpalatability and associated gastrointestinal side effects. We suggest that there is now a viable alternative, colesevelam hydrochloride (WelChol, Sankyo Pharmaceuticals Inc., Japan).

A 30 year old man presented with steatorrhoea, progressive weight loss, marked abdominal bloating, and lethargy after a right hemicolectomy following a road traffic accident in 1966.

Physical examination, relevant blood tests, barium follow through, colonoscopy, and microscopic examination of colonic biopsies were normal. A trial of cholestyramine in preference to a SeCHAT scan caused cessation of diarrhoea on one sachet per day. However, his abdominal bloating continued unabated and he found the treatment unpalatable. Cholestyramine was therefore changed to colesevelam 2.5 g/3.75 g on alternate days. This was well tolerated, …
Effects of actin filaments on fibrin clot structure and lysis (1992)

Abstract The muscle and cytoskeletal protein actin is released from cells as a consequence of cell death and interacts with components of the hemostatic and fibrinolytic systems, including platelets, plasmin, and fibrin. We report here that incorporation of actin filaments into fibrin clots changes their viscoelastic properties by increasing their shear modulus at low deforming stresses and by nearly eliminating their tendency to become more rigid with increasing deformation (ie, exhibit strain-hardening). The viscoelastic effects depended on the length of the actin filaments as shown by the effects of the plasma filament- severing protein, gelsolin. Binding of actin to fibrin clots also varied with actin filament length. The plasma actin-binding proteins gelsolin and vitamin D-binding protein reduced, but did not eliminate, the incorporation of actin in the clot. Fluorescence microscopy showed a direct association of rhodamine-labeled actin filaments with the fibrin network. Incubation of clots containing long actin filaments in solutions containing physiologic concentrations of gelsolin (2 mumol/L) released 60% of the actin trapped in the clot. Reduction of the actin content of a fibrin clot by incubation in a gelsolin-containing solution resulted in an increased rate of clot lysis. The ability of plasma gelsolin to shorten actin filaments may therefore be of physiologic and potentially of therapeutic importance insofar as gelsolin-mediated diffusion of actin from the clot may restore the clot's rheologic properties and render it more sensitive to the lytic action of plasmin.
System for interactive management of aerial imaging campaigns (2013)

We present a system to enable real time management of interchangeable imaging platforms aboard commodity unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to improve interactivity during aerial imaging campaigns. We argue that this improvement in interactivity enables powerful immediate-mode inspection by the ground operator, and implements a more intuitive, flexible, and ultimately useful control interface to aerial imaging systems.
Statcom controls for operation with unbalanced voltages (1998)

Voltage sourced static VAr compensators such as the Statcom need to be able to handle unbalanced voltages. Mild imbalance can be caused by unbalanced loads while severe short-term imbalance can be caused by power system faults. A synchronous frame voltage regulator is presented that works even when three phase symmetry is lost. This regulator addresses voltage imbalance by using separate regulation loops for the positive and negative sequence components of the voltage. The proposed regulator allows the Statcom to ride through severe transient imbalance without disconnecting from the power system and, further, to assist in rebalancing voltages. The regulator maintains sufficient bandwidth to perform flicker compensation. The controller's performance is simulated for a Statcom in a model distribution system where it is subjected to a severe single line to ground fault and a rapidly varying three phase load.
Standardization activity on emergency telecommunication system in ITU-T (2004)

We mainly focus on a telecommunication capability for emergency, disaster relief and mitigation operation. This kind of capability has already been partially provided for circuit switched network such as public switched telephone network (PSTN) and cellular phone network in many countries including United States and Japan. But obviously there are much more difficulties to implement this capability on the Internet compare to the circuit switched network. Since there is conspicuous tendency to build telecommunication infrastructure on the Internet, emergency operation and disaster relief operation may be restricted by the lack of the telecommunication capability. The ITU-T aims to develop Recommendations that describe and define a telecommunication capability that facilitates the use of public telecommunication services and systems by authorities for communications during emergency, disaster relier and mitigation operations. We have contributed the draft recommendations - F.706 and F.MMCTDR - which were examined in ITU-T SG16 Q.I that we have been contributed. The object of this paper is to survey the standardization related activities and to provide an up-to-date summary of the ITU-T related activities.
Luminescence emission from <i>Neurospora</i> copper metallothionein. Time-resolved studies (1989)

The luminescence lifetime of Cu-metallothionein from the fungus Neurospora crassa has been studied by the frequency-domain emission technique. Lifetimes of 10.3 and 3.4 microseconds have been found for the protein in the absence and in the presence of oxygen respectively. Binding of Hg(II) results in a quenching of the luminescence correlated to the shortening of lifetime to 0.3-0.4 microsecond. No quenching by oxygen is found for the Hg(II)-Cu-metallothionein adduct. By analogy to model compounds, luminescence emission is attributed to a triplet excited state of a Cu(I)-to-sulphur charge-transfer complex. The comparison of bimolecular quenching constants for O2 and acrylamide indicates a highly compact structure of the protein.
Automated measurement of peripheral nerve fibres in transverse section (1980)

Transverse sections of rat tibial nerve were scanned with an automated flying-spot microscope and the pictures examined in a one bit (black-and-white) form. Computer programs have been developed, and are described briefly, to isolate individual nerve fibres in the field of view, and to measure axon area and myelin area, from which it is trivial to calculate average axon diameter and average myelin thickness if the axon is assumed to be circular in cross-section. At the magnification used, it was possible to measure 40-50 fibres per field and the time required to do this was 5-7 minutes. For each specimen, 7-8 fields were measured, providing data on 300-400 fibres. Measurements, made on nerves from rats between 3 and 38 weeks of age, show the rate at which nerve fibres grow and also show that the ratio between axon diameter and fibre diameter remains constant, within experimental error, over this period and is close to the predicted value.
Design and analysis of rate-based transport layer flow control protocol (1991)

Rate-based flow control is a new trial brought into the transport layer communication protocol in recent years. It uses the assigned interpacket gap delay to control the rate of message sending. Its advantage over traditional sliding window flow control includes better throughput in long distance transmission, better support of RPC in distributed operating systems, easy priority setting for real-time applications, and its simplicity. In this dissertation, we design a rate-based flow control mechanism and rate decision algorithm. A unified model exhibiting the effect of window-based flow control, rate-based flow control, and the combination of both mechanisms, is developed for analysis. The rate decision algorithm, on the other hand, fills the blank not specified by either the NETBLT or VMTP. The result shows a tremendous gain for buffer utilization and throughput, especially for long distance transmission and high-speed networks.
Suppression of Intestinal Polyposis inApc Δ716 Knockout Mice by an Additional Mutation in the Cytosolic Phospholipase A2Gene (2000)

Arachidonic acid is a precursor for biosynthesis of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, and lipoxins. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) plays a key role in the release of arachidonic acid as the substrate of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) or COX-2. We found that the level of cPLA2 mRNA was markedly elevated in the polyps and correlated with the polyp size in the small intestine of theApc Δ716 knockout mouse, a model for human familial adenomatous polyposis. To determine the role of cPLA2 in intestinal tumorigenesis, we then introduced a cPLA2 gene mutation intoApc Δ716 mice. In the compound mutant mice, the size of the small intestinal polyps was reduced significantly, although the numbers remained unchanged. These results provide direct genetic evidence that cPLA2 plays a key role in the expansion of polyps in the small intestine rather than in the initiation process. In contrast, colonic polyps were not affected in either size or number. Interestingly, group X sPLA2 was constitutively expressed in the colon at much higher levels than in the small intestine. These results suggest that in the colon, group X sPLA2 supplies arachidonic acid in both the normal epithelium and the polyps even in the absence of cPLA2.
Permanent Magnet Materials (1990)

Abstract This article discusses the chief magnetic characteristics of permanent magnet materials. It provides a detailed description on nominal compositions; principal magnet designations; magnetic, physical, and mechanical properties; selection criteria; and applications of the permanent magnet materials, which include magnet steels, magnet alloys, alnico alloys, platinum-cobalt alloys, cobalt and rare-earth alloys, hard ferrites, iron-chromium-cobalt alloys, and neodymium-iron-boron alloys.
N‐Tail translocation in a eukaryotic polytopic membrane protein (1999)

We have used the natural N-glycosylation site in the N-tail of cig30, a eukaryotic polytopic membrane protein, as a marker for N-tail translocation across the microsomal membrane. Analysis of C-terminally truncated cig30 constructs reveals that the first transmembrane segment is sufficient for translocation of the wild-type N-tail; in contrast, in a mutant with four arginines introduced into the N-tail the second transmembrane segment is also required for efficient N-tail translocation. Our observations imply a non-sequential assembly mechanism in which the ultimate location of the N-tail relative to the membrane may depend on more than one transmembrane segment.
B-cell activation following murine cytomegalovirus infection: implications for autoimmunity. (1993)

Infection of susceptible mice with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) induces persistent inflammation, and the production of autoantibodies reactive with large numbers of proteins from all major organs. However the roles of polyclonal B-cell activation, autoreactive T-helper cells and host-virus cross-reactions in these phenomena have not been evaluated. The present study reveals six- to 20-fold increases in serum immunoglobulin levels in MCMV-infected BALB/c and CBA mice, with IgG3 and IgG2b most affected. Titres of antibodies reactive with autologous tissues and ovalbumin (OVA) also increased following MCMV infection, whilst responses to a synthetic antigen [polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)] were unaffected or depressed. IgG2a was the isotype most affected in responses to OVA, MCMV antigens and autologous tissues, suggesting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) may contribute to responses induced in the presence of the relevant antigen. Increases in total and antigen-specific immunoglobulin levels were CD4 dependent, as they were reduced in infected mice depleted of these cells with anti-CD4 antibodies. Serological changes were preceded by B-cell expansion and activation evident from increased cell yields, frequencies of cells releasing immunoglobulin and proliferation of T-depleted spleen and lymph node preparations. Numbers of mature B cells and macrophages increased in the lymph nodes, but B-1a (CD5+ Ig+) cell counts remained low. Alterations in the B-cell phenotypic profiles were more complex in the spleen, but correction for increased cell yields revealed increases in some subpopulations.
Imaging interferometric lithography for arbitrary patterns (1998)

Conventional optical lithography (OL) is limited by the spatial frequency coverage of the optical system. Inter- ferometric lithography (IL), which approaches the ultimate linear system spatial frequency coverage limit of optics, provides a simple technique to produce periodic patterns at the requisite scale for the next several ULSI generations. Imaging interferometric lithography (IIL), a true integration of optical and interferometric lithography, extends this capability to arbitrary pattern fabrication. Modeling and simulation results show that arbitrary patterns with dense CDs extending to 120-nm at I-line and to 65-nm at a 193-nm exposure wavelength are possible. Initial experiments demonstrate that the coverage in frequency space is increased for a 3-exposure IIl configuration and the resolution is concomitantly increased by a factor of 3. Development of IIL may extend the life of optical lithography to sub-100-nm CD generations.
Studies on the ionophorous antibiotics. XVI. The ionophore-mediated calcium transport and concomitant osmotic swelling of mitochondria. (1978)

The effects of various carboxylic ionophores on divalent metal cation translocation in mitochondria have been investigated. High levels of divalent cation ionophores lysocellin and lasalocid A (10-50 μM) produced mitochondrial osmotic swelling in Ca2+ or Mg2+ medium, which was associated with an increase of cation influx. The extent of swelling was a function of both the ionophore and cation concentrations in the medium. This effect was larger in mitochondria de-energized by treatment with antimycin A and oligomycin than in respiring mitochondria. On the other hand, the monovalent cation ionophores carriomycin and etheromycin at concentrations of 50- 100 μM also induced mitochondrial swelling in Ca2+ medium but were ineffective in Mg2+ medium. Addition of ruthenium red reversed divalent cation ionophore-induced swelling and released Ca2+ from preloaded mitochondria. In contrast, ruthenium red increased monovalent cation ionophore-induced swelling. In a divalent cation-free medium, lysocellin and lasalocid A caused depletion of membrane-bound Ca2+ and released endogenous Ca2+ and Mg2+ from mitochondria, while carriomycin and etheromycin exerted only a limited effect. These results indicate that the divalent cation ionophores affect divalent cation distribution in mitochondria by increasing both influx and efflux of the cations through the inner membrane.