gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced synchronisation and decoding in RFID reader receivers (2009)

This paper focuses on one of the major challenges in RFID reader receivers, namely the data synchronisation and decoding at the RFID reader. According to the most widely used RFID standards, the data rate in RFID tag to reader communications is subject to variations within more than one decade, and may deviate from its nominal frequency up to 22%. This results in strong difficulties in synchronising and decoding this data at the receiver of the RFID reader. In order to achieve synchronisation and decoding, a sophisticated algorithm based on correlations is presented. The algorithm is optimised in terms of resource consumption to be processed on an FPGA or ASIC. Implementation details are presented as well as measurements, showing the performance of the receiver.
Lifting of Heavy Oil with Inert-Gas-Operated Chamber Pumps (1981)

Abstract Lifting of heavy oil is currently carried out almost exclusively by rod pumps. Severe problems are often encountered, such as rod floating and overloading due to high fluid viscosity, pump sticking and erosion with high sand production, heavy crude plugging, and gas locking under steam flood conditions. Special rod pumps alleviate some of these problems but installation and maintenance expense typically remains high. This paper describes an unconventional gas lift system which can replace rod pumping for shallow (&lt;3,000 ft.) heavy oil production. It circumvents all of the aforementioned problems and in addition has advantages in adjusting to variable production rates, in steam injection and in ease of well cleanout. The heart of this system is an insert chamber downhole, whose only moving parts are two standing valves. Produced fluid entering the chamber is periodically expelled into a production annulus by pressurized gas injected from the surface down a small injection string. Natural gas, inert gas, or even air can be used for pumping. This paper analyzes the operation of the chamber lifting system and shows how to optimize the system design and the operating variables to obtain maximum production at minimum cost. With the close spacing of thermal wells (2-5 acres), the combination of a single inert gas generator and associated compressor to supply a large number of wells equipped with chamber pumps is feasible. Several types of inert gas generators are described. Capital and operating costs of chamber and rod pumping for a 170 well system are compared. The economic return is far greater for chamber pumps when bottomhole conditions are such that steam locking of rod pumps occurs.
High-performance photonic BiCMOS process for the fabrication of high-bandwidth electronic-photonic integrated circuits (2015)

An advanced photonic BiCMOS process is demonstrated capable, on the receiver side, for 100 Gb/s optical line rate. Key components of this process are monolithically integrated wave-guide Ge photodiodes showing more than 70 GHz bandwidth and 1 A/W responsivity, and SiGe HBTs with fT/fmax values of 240/290 GHz.
The development of conditionally replicative adenoviruses for cancer therapy. (2000)

Replicative viral agents represent a novel approach for treating neoplastic disease. Tumor cell killing by the viral agent is achieved by direct consequence of the viral replication. Relative sparing of nontumor is, however, required to provide a therapeutic index of utility for cancer treatment. To this end, an ideal viral agent would, thus, possess several logical attributes, including stability and efficiency for infection and lateral spread in vivo, a preference for replication in tumor versus nontumor cells, and the capability of avoiding early detection-and eradication-by the immune system. To date, none of the agents has exhibited optimal characteristics with regard to the aforementioned attributes. Adenovirus, however, has lent itself to a process of extensive engineering that is dealing with each and every one of the major requirements and that is realizing its clinical potential. An advanced understanding of the cancer phenotype, as well as achievements in functionally exploiting viral plasticity, predicate the design and realization of conditionally replicative adenoviral agents with improved characteristics for cancer therapy.
[Characterization of 24-hour survival rate and duration of survival of hydroxyethyl starch cryopreserved erythrocytes after autologous transfusion in the dog]. (1994)

There exists a subpopulation of red cells that is destroyed by freezing stress. As a result the freed stroma would be a serious transfusion risk. All erythrocytes having survived the cryopreservation procedure resemble the fresh erythrocytes with regard to the in-vivo survival; their therapeutic efficacy is not impaired. In the context of in-vitro results with human erythrocytes it can be expected that at the present developmental state of the cryopreservation procedure at least 93% of the human erythrocytes cryopreserved with HES have a normal 24-hour and long-term post-transfusion survival.
A Sparsity-Oriented Approach to the Dynamic Analysis and Design of Mechanical Systems—Part 2 (1977)

The work described herein is an extension of sparse matrix and stiff integrated numerical algorithms used for the simulation of electrical circuits and three-dimensional mechanical dynamic systems. By applying these algorithms, big sets of sparse linear equations can be solved efficiently, and the numerical instability associated with widely split eigenvalues can be avoided. The new numerical methods affect even the initial formulation for these problems. In this paper, the equations of motion and constraints (Part 1) and the force function of springs and dampers (Part 2) are set up, and the numerical solutions for static, transient, and linearized types of analysis as well as the model optimization algorithms are implemented in the ADAMS (automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems) computer program for simulation of three-dimensional mechanical systems (Part 2). The paper concludes with two examples: computer simulation of the front suspension of a 1973 Chevrolet Malibu and computer simulation of the landing gear of a Boeing 747 airplane. The efficiency of simulation and comparison with experimental results are given in tabular form.
Electronic structure of Nb2N and NbN thin films (2006)

The electronic structure of the hexagonal β-Nb2N, hexagonal δ′-NbN, and cubic δ-NbN thin films have been investigated by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Calculated density of states for these phases are also presented and used in the interpretation of the experimental valence band spectra. The experimental energy distribution curves are consistent with the calculated densities of states. Comparing hexagonal to cubic phases, both β-Nb2N and δ′-NbN are more covalent than the cubic phase NbN. Prominent covalent bonding in hexagonal β-Nb2N and δ′-NbN nitrides can be related with the higher hardness values as compared to that of the cubic phase. This study discloses relevant observations important for both the technological applications and fundamental properties.
Three dimensional topography simulation model using diffusion equation (2003)

An etching model for three-dimensional topography simulation is proposed in which the topography is deduced by solving the diffusion equation. A 3-D topography simulator called 3-D MULSS (multilayer shape simulator) has been developed on the basis of this model. Using this program, contact hole and trench etching was simulated exactly, and the computation was extremely fast.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Discover SAP ERP Financials (2008)

Are you a financial manager, consultant, or decision-maker considering SAP? Or are you new to SAP and need to understand how it works? If so, this very detailed, reader-friendly reference, will give you an in-depth overview of the key components of SAP ERP Financials. You'll learn how each component works, the advantages they offer, and how this fully integrated package addresses the challenges facing today's companies. Along the way, you'll also learn how to improve your efficiency in key financial areas, including profitability analysis, financial supply chain management, cost-accounting, and more. Discover what SAP ERP Financials is all about Read the concise topic overviews, definitions of terminology, and clear explanations of business processes Gain In-Depth Decision-Making Knowledge Find out what each powerful component provides, how it's used, and how it can help you improve your financial processes Learn how SAP ERP Financials Works in the Real World Explore the in-depth case studies and find out how companies have improved business processes and enhanced efficiency Find the tools you need Investigate how various aspects of your business, such as payroll, consolidation, travel accounting, capital investments, treasury management, and more are handled. Navigate as You Like Go directly to the chapter that interests you, or read from cover to cover. And make use of the glossary and list of additional resources. Highlights: Account Receivables and Payables Investment Management Travel Management Payroll Consolidation Overhead Cost Management Project Accounting Product Costing Profitability Analysis Credit, Collections, and Dispute Management Treasury and Risk Management
Velocity and attenuation of fast, shear and slow waves in porous media (1990)

The porous materials studied are those described as two-component composites where both the fluid phase and the solid phase are continuous and interpenetrating. The bulk acoustic wave propagation in these materials is shown both theoretically and experimentally to include two types of compressional waves. The fast or normal compressional wave corresponds to an in-phase motion of the fluid and the solid, whereas the slow compressional wave corresponds to an in-phase motion. Highlights of the Biot theory are described as well as some recent velocity and attenuation measurements in one particular kind of porous medium.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Studies on the anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic potentials of mangiferin (Xanthone Glucoside) in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic model rats. (2010)

Context: Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) stem bark contains a rich content of mangiferin and is used traditionally in Indian Ayurvedic system to treat diabetes. Purpose of the study: To investigate anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mangiferin in type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats models. Streptozotocin was used to induce type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats. Mangiferin (at a dose 10 and 20mg/kg) was administrated intra-peritoneally in type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats daily up to 30 days. Biochemical parameters notably fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were estimated. In addition, in vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects of mangiferin were performed and IC50 values were determined. Results: Mangiferin exhibited significant (P<0.05) anti-diabetic as well as hypolipidemic effects by lowering FBS, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL levels; but also with elevation of HDL level in type 2 diabetic model rats. In addition, mangiferin showed appreciable alpha amylase inhibitory effect (IC50 value 74.35±1.9µg/ml) and alpha glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 41.88±3.9µg/ml) when compared with standard drug acarbose (IC50 83.33±1.2µg/ml). Conclusions: Mangiferin showed anti-diabetic as well as hypolipidemic potentials in type 2 diabetic model rats. Therefore, mangiferin possess beneficial effects in the management of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipidemia.
Driver Hamiltonians for constrained optimization in quantum annealing (2016)

One of the current major challenges surrounding the use of quantum annealers for solving practical optimization problems is their inability to encode even moderately sized problems, the main reason for this being the rigid layout of their quantum bits as well as their sparse connectivity. In particular, the implementation of constraints has become a major bottleneck in the embedding of practical problems, because the latter is typically achieved by adding harmful penalty terms to the problem Hamiltonian, a technique that often requires an all-to-all connectivity between the qubits. Recently, a novel technique designed to obviate the need for penalty terms was suggested; it is based on the construction of driver Hamiltonians that commute with the constraints of the problem, rendering the latter constants of motion. In this work we propose general guidelines for the construction of such driver Hamiltonians given an arbitrary set of constraints. We illustrate the broad applicability of our method by analyzing several diverse examples, namely, graph isomorphism, not-all-equal three-satisfiability, and the so-called Lechner-Hauke-Zoller constraints. We also discuss the significance of our approach in the context of current and future experimental quantum annealers.
Symmetrical Ball Check-Valve Based Rotation-Sensitive Pump (2013)

In this work an electromagnetically actuated membrane pump, which allows flow reversion with a simple rotation of its valve system, is presented as a proof of concept. The valve system combines two symmetrical ball check-valves (SBCV), fabricated using laser machining techniques on PMMA (poly-methyl methacrylate) and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane). The best efficiencies were achieved using glass balls within the SBCVs. This configuration provides flow rates from 0.2 to 6.0 ml/min with pressures up to 7 kPa. We also present a model which allows simulating the pumping behavior qualitatively, including the reversion after the rotation. The main advantages of the presented pump are wide range flow rates, low driving voltage (below 30 V), same pressure and flow rate in both direct and reverse pumping modes, and easily scalable to both bigger and smaller dimensions.
Expansion of the CRISPR toolbox in an animal with tRNA-flanked Cas9 and Cpf1 gRNAs (2016)

Abstract We present vectors for producing multiple CRISPR gRNAs from a single RNA polymerase II or III transcript in Drosophila . The system, which is based on liberation of gRNAs by processing of flanking t †RNAs, permits highly efficient multiplexing of Cas9-based mutagenesis. We also demonstrate that the †RNA-gRNA system markedly increases the efficacy of conditional gene disruption by Cas9 and can promote editing by the recently discovered RNA-guided endonuclease Cpf1.
Adalimumab for the Treatment of Refractory Acne Conglobata (2013)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have become important components of the treatment of multiple chronic inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Crohn disease, and ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, off-label use of TNF inhibitors has been reported for a variety of other diseases. We report a case of refractory acne conglobata treated with the TNF inhibitor adalimumab.
Minimal Incidence of Serum Antibodies Reactive with Intact Primary Isolate Virions in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individuals (1999)

Immunoglobulin G reactive with primary isolate virions was detected in 36% of serum samples from individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Of these individuals, serum samples from only 7% captured significant quantities of virus. Virion-specific antibody correlated with CD4 counts and, of more significance, primary isolate neutralization. Further dissection of this response should lead to the identification of antibodies and antigenic epitopes for vaccine purposes.
Targeting stromal cells in chronic inflammation. (2007)

Why chronic inflammatory reactions persist in specific sites, such as rheumatoid arthritis in the joints, remains a mystery. Current models of inflammation have concentrated upon the responses of lymphocytes such as B and T cells to specific antigens, and have attempted, often unsuccessfully, to address the causative agent. However recent studies have shown that stromal cells such as macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts play important roles in the switch that turns a spontaneously resolving acute inflammatory response within a tissue into chronic and persistent disease. Therapeutic manipulation of the stromal microenvironment has been particularly effective in treating cancer and is likely to provide novel therapies to achieve improved control of chronic inflammatory disease.
Eye movements of the blind. (1980)

We investigated a group of patients who were blind because of disease affecting the anterior visual pathways. All subjects showed an inability to maintain steady eye position, with a consequent jerk nystagmus. Blindness from birth was associated with an impaired vestibuloocular reflex and inability to voluntarily initiate saccades, although quick phases of nystagmus were maintained. Acquired blindness was associated with relatively preserved vestibulo-ocular responses and the ability to initiate voluntary saccades and smoothly track self-moved targets. Certain features of the eye movements of the blind are similar to those due to cerebellar dysfunction.
MicroLIAS: Beyond the Online Public Access Catalog> (1986)

MicroLIAS is an extension of LIAS (Library Information Access System), the integrated mainframe‐based library system developed at the Pennsylvania State University Libraries. MicroLIAS is microcomputer software that emulates the mainframe LIAS online catalog by extending its indexing and searching power to the personal computer. On the micro, personalized databases can be created and maintained. The use of MicroLIAS reduces demand on the mainframe by supporting work and storing information for local applications or subsequent uploading to the mainframe.
Creating a Digital Home Entertainment System with Windows Media Center (2006)

Even though the Windows Media Center interface is simple to operate, not all activities are intuitive or easy to implement. You may need help determining which type of Media Center PC to buy, or with connecting and configuring the Media Center PC in your home theater system. Creating a Digital Home Entertainment System with Windows Media Center book brings the experience and expertise of The Green Button (the premiere Media Center website) and author Michael Miller to help you plan, use, and troubleshoot your new Media Center PCs and get the most out of Windows Media Center Edition.
Catalytic hydrodehalogenation of chlorinated ethylenes using palladium and hydrogen for the treatment of contaminated water (1995)

A kinetic model is presented for the catalytic hydrodehalogenation of chlorinated ethylenes using Pd and H2 under water treatment conditions. All five chlorinated ethylenes, including tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and vinyl chloride, were completely removed from tap water within 10 minutes at room temperature by 0.5 g of 0.5% Pd on alumina and 0.1 atm H2. Ethane accounted for 55–85% of the mass balance in these systems. Ethene was a reactive intermediate whose maximum concentration accounted for less than about 5% of the initial substrate. Palladium on granular carbon was also an effective catalyst, although ethane yield for PCE was somewhat lower than with Pd-alumina (55% versus 85%). The transformation of PCE was first order with respect to both substrate and amount of metal, with a half-life of t12 = 9 min for 0.055 μmole Pd (583 μg of 1% Pd on powdered activated carbon). Addition of ∼10 mg/L of nitrite to the water decreased the rate constant by about 50%. The nitrite concentration decreased by about 25% over the course of the reaction. Addition of nitrate or sulfate had smaller effect on the rate of PCE transformation; chloride had no effect. The presence of oxygen greatly reduced the amount of ethane produced regardless of the catalyst support. Bisulf1de poisoned the catalyst.
Polymorphism of the Platelet Glycoprotein IIIa Gene in Patients with Coronary Stenosis (1998)

Based on genetic variability, structural differences in the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa platelet receptor for adhesive proteins result in individual differences in the thrombogenicity of platelets. Recent studies suggest a controversial association between a genetic polymorphism of the glycoprotein IIIa gene (PlA2) and the risk of coronary artery disease. In our study, the prevalence of the PlA2 allele in a group of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization was 37%, a value significantly higher than in controls [13%, odds ratio (OR) = 3.93, 95% CI, 1.84 to 8.53] suggesting a significant association between this polymorphism and documented coronary stenosis, which is strongest among <60 years old patients (OR = 12.30, 95% CI, 2.98 to 70.93). This polymorphism represents an inherited risk factor for severe cardiovascular disease due to coronary occlusion.
Ultrasensitive Detection of Closely Related Angiotensin I Peptides Using Capillary Electrophoresis with Near-Infrared Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection (1998)

A novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye (NN382, LICOR, Inc.) was evaluated as an ultrasensitive peptide-labeling reagent for use with capillary electrophoresis (CE). Six angiotensin I (Ang-I) variants were selected as model peptides for the derivatization and separation studies. The closely related decapeptides were labeled with the NIR dye, separated using CE, and detected by NIR laser-induced fluorescence. Derivatization of the peptides was achieved under aqueous conditions using 2.5-500 pmol of Ang-I in a 50-microL sample (5 x 10(-8)-1 x 10(-5)M), and between 1.3 and 254 amol of the labeled peptides were injected on column. The fluorescence response was linear over a 200-fold range (correlation r > or = 0.9986). The limit of detection (SNR = 3, signal/RMS noise) ranged from 100 to 300 zmol, for the six Ang-I variants. Four of six peptides were resolved from each other and excess dye using capillary zone electrophoresis with a simple 50 mM phosphate run buffer, pH 7.2. Two pairs of coeluting peptides were successfully resolved using micellar electrokinetic chromatography with a nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100. The NIR amine-labeling reagent NN382 is a viable alternative to using visible fluorophores for CE methods requiring high sensitivity.
The ATP-binding site in gamma subunit of phosphorylase kinase. (1988)

To reveal the structure of the ATP-binding site(s) in rabbit muscle phosphorylase kinase, we modified the enzyme with adenosine polyphosphopyridoxals. Adenosine tri- and tetraphosphopyridoxals at micromolar concentrations effectively inactivated the enzyme in a time-dependent manner. Inactivation of the enzyme was accelerated by the addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Protection from inactivation was afforded by adenylyl beta,gamma-imidodiphosphate and ADP. In reversible inhibition kinetics, adenosine polyphosphopyridoxals as well as their reduced compounds (adenosine polyphosphopyridoxines) competed with ATP. These results suggest that adenosine polyphosphopyridoxals bind to the ATP-binding site(s) in phosphorylase kinase. When phosphorylase kinase was incubated with adenosine triphosphopyridoxal in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+, incorporation of the label into alpha, beta, and gamma subunits was observed. In the absence of both cations, larger amounts of the label were incorporated into all the subunits. Structural study on adenosine triphosphopyridoxal-modified sites in the gamma subunit (having a catalytic site) revealed that Lys-151 is mainly labeled. Based on the results of the present and other studies, it is suggested that the site around Lys-151 is involved in recognition of the substrate protein.