gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Bayes belief networks in industrial FMEA modeling and analysis (2002)

This paper presents the use of Bayes probabilistic networks as a new methodology for encoding design failure modes and effects analysis (BN-FMEA) models of mechatronic systems. The method employs established Bayesian belief network theory to construct probabilistic directed acyclic graph (DAG) models which represent causal and statistical dependencies between system-internal and -external (customer and world) state and event variables of the physical system. A new class of severity variables is also defined. Root probabilities and conditional probability and severity utility tables are generated and attached to the graph structure for use in inferencing and design trade-off evaluation. BN-FMEA provides a language for design teams to articulate-with greater precision and consistency and less ambiguity-physical system failure cause-effect relationships, and the uncertainty about their impact on customers and the world. Demonstration software developed at Stanford illustrates how BN-FMEA can be applied to FMEA modeling of an inkjet printer. The software supports knowledge acquisition of BN-FMEA models, and generates from the belief net model criticality matrices and Pareto charts conformant with established FMEA standards such as SAE 1998. The approach supports traditional design FMEA objectives, identification of system failure modes, and provides improved knowledge representation and inferencing power. Limitations of the BN-FMEA methodology are also discussed. Finally, BN-FMEB is presented as a basis for improved integration of design and diagnostic modeling of mechatronic systems.
640-Gb/s Transmitter and Self-Tracked Demultiplexing Receiver Using Single Parametric Gate (2011)

We report the highest performance 640-Gb/s transmitter and receiver, based on cavity-less pulse generation and a novel sampling receiver constructed using a single fiber parametric gate capable of self-tracked 40-Gb/s tributary extraction. The performance of the transmitter and sampling receiver was measured with a 640-Gb/s return-to-zero on-off keying (RZ-OOK) signal. Error-free operation was achieved for all 16 tributaries of the 640-Gb/s input stream using the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) noise loading method. The error-free (bit-error rate (BER) =10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> ) sensitivity of the sampling receiver was measured at an OSNR level of 33.5 dB, which is only 0.5 dB away from the practically achievable detection limit.
Evidence for Mating of the "Asexual" Yeast <i>Candida albicans</i> in a Mammalian Host (2000)

Since its classification nearly 80 years ago, the human pathogen Candida albicans has been designated as an asexual yeast. In this report, we describe the construction of C. albicans strains that were subtly altered at the mating-type-like (MTL) locus, a cluster of genes that resembles the mating-type loci of other fungi. These derivatives were capable of mating after inoculation into a mammalian host. C. albicans is a diploid organism, but most of the mating products isolated from a mouse host were tetrasomic for the two chromosomes that could be rigorously monitored and, overall, exhibited substantially higher than 2n DNA content. These observations demonstrated that C. albicans can recombine sexually.
On the Mechanisms of Channel Fracturing (2013)

Abstract Channel fracturing combines geomechanical modeling, intermittent proppant pumping and degradable fibers and fluids to attain heterogeneous placement of proppant within a hydraulic fracture. The aim of this well stimulation technique is to promote the formation of stable voids or streaks within the proppant pack which serve as highly conductive channels for transport of oil and gas throughout the hydraulic fracture. More than 10,000 channel fracturing treatments have been performed in over 1,000 wells during the last three years in shale-, carbonate-, and sandstone-rich reservoirs worldwide. The collective dataset on job execution and well performance shows the following trends: (a) low occurrence of near wellbore screen-outs (&gt;99.9% of all treatments achieving 100% proppant placement); (b) reduction in the amount of proppant required to complete treatments (in average, 43% less proppant than conventional techniques aiming at placing a homogeneous proppant pack as implemented in offset wells); (c) average initial and long-term well productivity and flowing pressures consistently meeting or exceeding those of wells completed with conventional fracturing techniques. This paper summarizes findings from a comprehensive technical study focused on ascertaining the enabling mechanisms for these trends. Results from laboratory experiments (large-scale slot flow, conductivity, proppant settling), yard tests (well site delivery characteristics, proppant slug integrity), and well performance evaluations (surface treatment data, well production data and reservoir simulations supported by history matching) are analyzed collectively to reach the following assessments: (a) heterogeneous proppant placement is achieved; (b) the low incidence of screen-outs is the result of the combination of reduced usage of proppant and intermittent pumping of proppant-free, fiber-laden slugs ("sweeps") which mitigate accumulation of proppant in the near-wellbore area; (c) well productivity trends are driven by the concomitant occurrence of enhanced fracture conductivity - enabled by the presence of heterogeneities within the proppant pack- and the development of larger fractured area within the reservoir effectively contributing to production. The development of larger effective contact area is enabled by the use of fibers, which enhance proppant transport within the fracture and mitigate proppant settling.
Electrode Kinetics at the Palladium/Ceramic Oxide Electrolyte Interface (1982)

The high temperature electrochemistry of the palladium/stabilized zirconia interface has been studied as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure by impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic methods. Two arcs for the electrode impedance were observed above the thermodynamic decomposition temperature of . At a temperature immediately below this, the interfacial resistance increased by approximately two orders of magnitude. This large increase in electrode resistance was attributed to a cathodic charge transfer reaction. This observation has been exploited to develop new oxygen sensors. The energy of activation for the electrode processes was calculated at temperatures above the decomposition temperature of .
A novel homeodomain-encoding gene is associated with a large CpG island interrupted by the myotonic dystrophy unstable (CTG)<sub>n</sub> repeat (1995)

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is associated with a (CTG)n trinucleotide repeat expansion in the 3'-untranslated region of a protein kinase-encoding gene, DMPK, which maps to chromosome 19q13.3. Characterisation of the expression of this gene in patient tissues has thus far generated conflicting data on alterations in the steady state levels of DMPK mRNA, and on the final DMPK protein levels in the presence of the expansion. The DM region of chromosome 19 is gene rich, and it is possible that the repeat expansion may lead to dysfunction of a number of transcription units in the vicinity, perhaps as a consequence of chromatin disruption. We have searched for genes associated with a CpG island at the 3' end of DMPK. Sequencing of this region shows that the island extends over 3.5 kb and is interrupted by the (CTG)n repeat. Comparison of genomic sequences downstream (centromeric) of the repeat in human and mouse identified regions of significant homology. These correspond to exons of a gene predicted to encode a homeodomain protein. RT-PCR analysis shows that this gene, which we have called DM locus-associated homeodomain protein (DMAHP), is expressed in a number of human tissues, including skeletal muscle, heart and brain.
Understanding Soap: Simple Object Access Protocol (2000)

From the Publisher:
Understanding SOAP begins with a discussion of distributed object computing, reviewing the current technologies. It then discusses the realities that make distributed object computing so difficult. Given these realities, the book provides a case study of a current technology to show why it is so difficult to distribute objects and why a protocol, such as SOAP, is such an important topic. An in-depth example gives you a working scenario of what is involved with distributed object computing and SOAP. Finally, the book discusses the future of SOAP, to include language binding and system integration. This book provides you with an accelerated approach to understanding how XML applies to distributed systems, specifically using the SOAP protocol.
The design of specifications for satellite PCN handheld antennas (2002)

The relation between the pattern shape and the performance of an SPCN handheld antenna is examined based on the relation between the environment and the noise received by the antenna. Typical quadrifilar helix antenna patterns in different environments were used to calculate the received noise and to evaluate the performance of these antennas for the ICO satellite system.
Use of γ-(4-Nitrobenzyl)pyridine as Analytical Reagent for Ethylenimines and Alkylating Agents (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of γ-(4-Nitrobenzyl)pyridine as Analytical Reagent for Ethylenimines and Alkylating AgentsJoseph Epstein, R. W. Rosenthal, and R. J. EssCite this: Anal. Chem. 1955, 27, 9, 1435–1439Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60105a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views665Altmetric-Citations309LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (601 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Complexity of Energy Efficient Localization With the Aid of a Mobile Beacon (2017)

Localization is an essential service in wireless sensor networks. Trilateration is a commonly used solution to range-based localization for providing such services. It might be, however, impossible to localize the entire network at once using trilateration due to low connectivity on sparse deployments. In such scenarios, a mobile beacon with a known position is used to move among and locate the nodes with low connectivity to aid trilateration. Given a network graph, finding a minimum energy route traveled by the mobile beacon is a key problem in many real-world applications. We prove in this letter that this problem called mobile assisted trilateration based energy optimum localization is NP-hard. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such result in an attempt to computationally classify this important problem. We also provide a compact integer linear programming formulation for the problem.
An Access Control Scheme for Protecting Personal Data (2008)

We present a personal data access control (PDAC) scheme inspired by protection schemes used in communities for sharing valuable commodities. We assume PDAC users are members of an online social network such as facebook.com. PDAC computes a ldquotrusted distancerdquo measure between users that is composed of the hop distance on the social network and an affine distance derived from experiential data. The trusted distance classifies users into three zones: acceptance, attestation, and rejection. User requests falling in the acceptance zone are accepted immediately while the requests in the rejection zone are rejected outright. Requests in the attestation zone need additional authorization to gain access. PDAC also tracks reposts to minimize the spread of data beyond the limits set by the data originator. PDAC was implemented on a social network emulator to demonstrate its viability. The performance of certain PDAC functions were examined using simulations driven by portions of social graphs obtained from myspace.com.
Collision detection system for manipulator based on adaptive impedance control law (2004)

In this paper, we propose a collision detection system based on a nonlinear adaptive impedance control law. The collision detection detects collisions of a manipulator with its environment without using external sensors. The adaptive impedance control law is employed to estimate the dynamic parameters of the manipulators, and allows the manipulator to have interaction with its environment. The system detects collisions based on the difference between the actual input torque to the manipulator and the reference input torque, which is calculated based on the estimated parameters of the manipulator dynamics. The manipulator stops when a collision detection system is implemented in an industrial manipulator and experimental results illustrate the validity of the proposed system.
A reconfigurable FPGA-based readback signal generator for hard-drive read channel simulator (2002)

A hard disk readback signal generator designed to provide noise-corrupted signals to a channel simulator has been implemented on a Xilinx Virtex textrmTME FPGA device. The generator simulates pulses sensed by read heads in hard drives. All major distortion and noise processes, such as intersymbol interference, transition noise, electronics noise, head and media nonlinearity, intertrack interference, and write timing error, can be generated according to the statistics and parameters defined by the user. Reconfigurable implementation enables an update of the signal characteristics in runtime. The user also has the flexibility to choose from a set of bitstreams to simulate particular combinations of noise and distortion. Such customized restructuring helps reduce the area consumption and hence virtually increase the capacity of the FPGA device. The time to generate the readback signals has been reduced by four orders compared to its software counterpart.
Interfacial reactions of Ti/n-GaN contacts at elevated temperature (2003)

Interfacial reactions in Ti/GaN contacts have been studied using conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM), and x-ray diffraction. The thin film contacts were fabricated by evaporating Ti on n-GaN and subsequent rapid thermal annealing in argon. An x-ray result shows that the as-deposited Ti on GaN is an epitaxial hcp phase, whereas a fcc phase was identified from the as-deposited metal layer in cross-sectional TEM specimens. This phenomenon is interpreted as the transformation of hcp-Ti phase to fcc-TiHx phase by hydrogen incorporation during TEM specimen thinning. At elevated temperature, first gallium and then nitrogen diffused into the metal layer. The reaction front moved into the Ti layer, and after annealing at 700 °C many voids were formed along the Ti/GaN interface at the GaN side. A sequence of phases GaN/TiN/Ti2GaN/Ti3Ga/Ti was identified in annealed contacts, and corresponds to the expected diffusion path. The ternary phase Ti2GaN was confirmed with electron diffraction and EFTEM. A planar TiN layer, which formed in direct contact to the GaN, presumably governs the electrical properties of the alloyed contact.
Preparation of New Nitrogen-Bridged Heterocycles. 42. Synthesis and the Reaction of Pyridinium <i>N</i>-Ylides Using Bifunctional Ethyl Thiocyanatoacetates (1996)

Abstract Various pyridinium (monosubstituted methylide)s were smoothly attacked to the cyano group in ethyl thiocyanatoacetate or ethyl 2-thiocyanatopropionate to afford the corresponding pyridinium (substituted cyanomethylide)s in low-to-moderate yields, while pyridinium (unsubstituted amidate)s reacted with the ester carbonyl group in the same reagents to give pyridinium (thiocyanatoaceto)- or (2-thiocyanatopropiono)amidates in considerable yields. The 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of some pyridinium (unsymmetrically substituted cyanomethylide)s with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) in various solvents afforded only dimethyl 3-cyanoindolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate, except a few examples. On the other hand, the treatment of pyridinium (thiocyanatoaceto)- or (2-thiocyanatopropiono)amidates with a strong base, such as potassium t-butoxide, gave new bicyclic mesoionic compounds, N-[2-(1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinio)]acetamidate derivatives, in moderate yields. The intermediacy of N-[1-(2-thiocyanatopyridinio)]acetamidates in the formation reactions of the latter compounds was also proven by independent syntheses.
The implementation of a full EMV smartcard for a point-of-sale transaction (2012)

This paper examines the changes in the payment card environment as they relate to EMV (named after Europay, MasterCard and Visa). This research shows that if the combined dynamic data authentication (CDA) card variant of the EMV card is deployed in a full EMV environment, given the relevant known vulnerabilities and attacks against the EMV technology, the consequences of unauthorized disclosure of the cardholder data is of significantly reduced value to a criminal.
A real‐time approach to array control based on a learned genetic algorithm (2003)

Abstract In the framework of wireless communications, it is mandatory to guarantee the reliability of the receiver by assuring good quality at the end‐user, in order to successfully decode transmitted signals. To this end, a method for the design of adaptive antenna arrays is described in this paper. The proposed procedure, based on a customized genetic algorithm, allows real‐time control of the receiver's performance by acting on the discretized phase coefficients of the array elements. As a result, at the receiver, multiple and alternating interferences are considerably reduced with respect to the desired signal. In order to validate the proposed strategy, selected numerical results, concerning various environment conditions, are presented and deeply discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 36: 235–238, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10731
Compression-Based Data Mining (2009)

Compression-based data mining is a universal approach to clustering, classification, dimensionality reduction, and anomaly detection. It is motivated by results in bioinformatics, learning, and computational theory that are not well known outside those communities. It is based on an easily computed compression dissimilarity measure (CDM) between objects obtained by compression. The basic concept is easy to understand, but its foundations are rigorously formalized in information theory. The similarity between any two objects (XML files, time series, text strings, molecules, etc.) can be obtained using a universal lossless compressor. The compression dissimilarity measure is the size of the compressed concatenation of the two objects divided by the sum of the compressed sizes of each of the objects. The intuition is that if two objects are similar, lossless compressor will remove the redundancy between them and the resulting size of the concatenated object should be close the size of the larger of the two compressed constituent objects. The larger the CDM between two objects, the more dissimilar they are. Classification, clustering and anomaly detection algorithms can then use this dissimilarity measure in a wide variety of applications. Many of these are described in (Keogh et al., 2004), (Keogh et al. 2007), and references therein. This approach works well when (1) objects are large and it is computationally expensive to compute other distances (e.g., very long strings); or (2) there are no natural distances between the objects or none that are reasonable from first principles. CDM is “parameter-free” and thus avoids over-fitting the data or relying upon assumptions that may be incorrect (Keogh et al., 2004).
A cognitive classification of pilot performance in air combat (2003)

Much of the air-to-air combat conducted in modern fighter aircraft occurs while the enemy is beyond visual range. This beyond-visual-range combat places heavy cognitive demands on the fighter pilot. The authors have developed a behavioral taxonomy that focuses on the cognitive aspects of this task. This taxonomy is specific to F-15C air-to-air combat and is based on mission and cognitive task analyses of the defensive counter-air mission flown by these crews. The authors conducted extensive interviews with F-15C fighter pilots to identify the critical activities, decisions, and information requirements of this mission. They then classified pilot behaviors according to two models of human information processing, supervisory control and multiple resources theory. The resulting taxonomy provides a foundation for developing measures to assess the training effectiveness of manned air combat simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prolonged survival of nonhuman primate renal allograft recipients treated only with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody. (1990)

The immunosuppressive efficacy of the monoclonal antibody OKT4A reactive with human and monkey CD4 cells was evaluated in cynomolgus renal allograft recipients. Low-dose (0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg/day) intact monoclonal antibodies (10 recipients) or F(ab')2 fragments (two recipients) were administered for 12 days. High-dose OKT4A (10 mg/kg) was administered on the day of transplantation as the only suppression in five animals. Four control animals received either no therapy or a monoclonal antibody nonreactive with monkey cells (OKT3). Maximum survival of the control animals and those treated with F(ab')2 was 11 days. Mean survival in the recipients of low-dose OKT4A was 25.4 +/- 4.3 days and in the group receiving high-dose OKT4A it was 39 +/- 6.4 days. All OKT4A-treated animals showed "coating" and CD4 modulation without depletion of circulating T cells. No modulation occurred in the F(ab')2-treated recipients. Serial allograft biopsy specimens showed reduced lymphocyte infiltration that was nearly complete in recipients of high-dose OKT4A. Biopsy-derived donor-reactive cytotoxic T-cell lines were generated regularly from recipients of low-dose, but not high-dose, OKT4A during periods of stable function. All animals treated with monoclonal antibodies developed an immunoglobulin G antimurine humoral response. Thus OKT4A is a potent immunosuppressive agent administered even as a single bolus, and depletion of CD4 cells is not required to suppress rejection. Anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies may prove useful in patients, perhaps requiring only a limited number of higher-dose injections in the peritransplant period.