gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
University and Mass Media (1997)

In 1988, the University of Bologna celebrated its ninth centennial. The event was of such importance that the celebrations began in the fall of 1987 and ended happily in the springtime of 1989; otherwise, they could have continued uninterrupted until the dawn of the tenth centennial, like those trees decorated with bulbs for Christmas 1992 that are still lit up in many areas of New York City, ready for Christmas 1993.\nIn the course of these celebrations there was a congress on the history of universities, and I was asked to say something by way of a concluding speech about the relationship between the university and the mass media. I thought this was an important topic since no precise criteria exist for determining where the job of a historian ends and that of the journalist begins. If the reconstruction of what happened yesterday is history, why shouldn't the reconstruction of what is on the verge of happening also be history?\nWhen I was requested by my friends at Yale to speak today on the same subject, I wondered if what I had said then could apply here. In my speech at Bologna, I focused on the problem from the point of view of European universities, and it is well known that the American situation is rather different. Is the relationship between the university and the mass media in the United States radically different from that in Europe, and in particular, from that in Italy?
Epitaxial Graphene Transistors on SiC Substrates (2008)

This paper describes the behavior of top-gated transistors fabricated using carbon, specifically epitaxial graphene on SiC, as the active material. Although graphene devices have been built before, in this paper, we provide the first demonstration and systematic evaluation of arrays of a large number of transistors produced using standard microelectronics methods. The graphene devices presented feature high-k dielectric, mobilities up to 5000 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vldr s, and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> ratios of up to seven, and are methodically analyzed to provide insight into the substrate properties. Typical of graphene, these micrometer-scale devices have negligible band gaps and, therefore, large leakage currents.
Screening of functional antidotes of RNA aptamers against bovine thrombin (2004)

A specific RNA aptamer (T705) against bovine thrombin had been obtained after seven rounds of SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) selection from a random RNA library previously. In order to further investigate the relationship between the structure and function of this aptamer, three truncated RNA aptamers, T705a, T705b and T705c, were designed according to the secondary structure of T705 RNA. Our results showed that T705c keeping the precise stem-loop structure but lacking most of the stem region sequence of T705 could inhibit clot formation in vitro in the same way as its parental form. We also report here that single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) antisense oligonucleotides, c' and c'-22, which were complementary to different portions of T705c could act as efficient antidotes reversing the inhibitory activity of T705. It is demonstrated for the first time that ssDNA antisense oligonucleotides are potential antidotes of RNA aptamers and this may be an effective, rapid strategy to find antidotes of RNA aptamers which would be of important usefulness in basic research and drug screening.
BCG: The Challenge Continues (2001)

It is widely recognized that BCG provides inconsistent and often inadequate protection against tuberculosis; however, simple estimates of efficacy fail to reflect the complexity of protection within, let alone between, populations. A decline in protection with an increase in age at vaccination has been seen in many studies. This may reflect 2 things: (i) that as people age they are exposed to a variety of mycobacterial challenges which may interfere with, or mask, the protection of BCG; and/or (ii) that the vaccine is better at protecting against primary disease than against either reactivation- or reinfection-type disease. These factors need to be taken into consideration when interpreting the results obtained with screening vaccines in animal models, as most of these models mimic acute primary-type disease. In addition, we have no evidence that the protection induced by BCG lasts for > 15 y, in any population. Recent data from South India indicate a complex interaction of age and time effects: BCG imparted consistent protection in children, but no protection for subjects > 15 y old, and may even have imparted negative protection among these older individuals. If true, these findings have important implications for efforts to develop a vaccine against adult pulmonary tuberculosis.
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancers: Prognostic Value, Regulation, and Manipulation for Therapeutic Intervention (2016)

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates that reflect lymphoid neogenesis occurring in tissues at sites of inflammation. They are detected in tumors where they orchestrate local and systemic anti-tumor responses. A correlation has been found between high densities of TLS and prolonged patient's survival in more than 10 different types of cancer. TLS can be regulated by the same set of chemokines and cytokines that orchestrate lymphoid organogenesis and by regulatory T cells. Thus, TLS offer a series of putative new targets that could be used to develop therapies aiming to increase the anti-tumor immune response.
Assessing MOS gate oxide reliability on wafer level with ramped/constant voltage and current stress (2002)

In this study time to breakdown distributions are compared for MOS gate oxides which were stressed with a constant voltage (or current) stress or a pre-stressing voltage (or current) ramp followed by a constant voltage (or current) stress. Results show clearly that a pre-stress can increase time to breakdown. This increase is discussed and it is shown that it is dependent on oxide thickness, pre-stressing ramp rate and the processing conditions. The current-time (or voltage-time) characteristics of the constant stress are investigated and it is observed that charge trapping in the oxide is the reason for the time to breakdown increase. The pre-stressed oxide clearly shows a different initial charge trapping characteristic than the non prestressed oxide. The measurement results are discussed and it is demonstrated that the common understanding of oxide breakdown cannot explain the observed results. Therefore, a new parameter is proposed which is related to oxide degradation and breakdown and which has to be considered in combined ramped/constant stress measurements.
Cable Based Robotic Work Platform for Construction (1998)

Cable Based Robotic Work Platform for Construction T. Richter, S. Lorenc, L.E. Bernold Pages 137-144 (1998 Proceedings of the 15th ISARC, Munchen, Germany, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: The following paper introduces a mechanism working as a suspension and positioning tool on the construction site. It is a highly variable tool which can be hooked to a wide range of cranes, where there is a stiff base from which to suspend a multitude of workcells. The design and control concepts are discussed, and suggestions for possible applications are given. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1998/0018 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Effectiveness of Iron Supplementation in a Young Child With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2005)

A 3-year-old child was referred to consultation for hyperactivity, attention deficit, impulsivity, and sleep problems. He met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. At baseline, the Conners' Parent Rating Scale and the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale raw total scores were 30 and 32, respectively. The child had low a serum ferritin level (13 ng/mL). After 8 months of treatment with Tardyferon (ferrous sulfate, 80 mg/day), his serum ferritin increased to 102 ng/mL. Both parents and teachers reported considerable behavioral improvement. The Conners' Parent and Teacher Rating Scale raw total scores decreased to 19 and 13, respectively. This is the first report of the effectiveness of iron supplementation in a young child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
A novel, smart and fast searching method for star pattern recognition using star magnitudes (2010)

The key performances of the star pattern recognition algorithms are the identification efficiency and the time consumed. In the past decades, much effort has been made, and lots of them are made out. To reduce the computations database search and star features extraction time and increasing the accuracy of star pattern recognition algorithm a novel, smart and fast star identification algorithm by using star magnitudes is proposed. The simulation results based on the Desktop Universes images show that the proposed star identification and database search algorithm can achieve both high accuracy and fast recognition. The database search and star features extraction time is O(n). In addition to, since the quality of star images play an important role in improving accuracy of star pattern recognition algorithm, therefore for image pre-processing we propose a fuzzy edge detection technique. This method highly affects noise cancellation, star features extraction, database production and matching algorithm.
Using an optimized queueing network model to support wafer fab design (2002)

Abstract We develop an Optimized Queueing Network (OQNet) capacity planning tool for supporting the design of new and reconfigured semiconductor fabrication facilities that makes use of queueing network approximations and an optimization routine. The basic problem addressed by this tool is to minimize the facility cost required to meet specified volume and cycle time targets. Features common to semiconductor environments, such as batch processes, re-entrant flows, multiple product classes, and machine setups, are incorporated into the model. Comparisons with simulation show that the queueing and other approximations are reasonably accurate. Tests of the optimization routine demonstrate that it can find good solutions quickly.
Near‐Infrared Light Triggers Release of Paclitaxel from Biodegradable Microspheres: Photothermal Effect and Enhanced Antitumor Activity (2010)

Despite advances in controlled drug delivery, reliable methods for activatable, high-resolution control of drug release are needed. The hypothesis that the photothermal effect mediated by a near-infrared (NIR) laser and hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNSs) could modulate the release of anticancer agents is tested with biodegradable and biocompatible microspheres (1-15 microm) containing the antitumor drug paclitaxel (PTX) and HAuNSs (approximately 35 nm in diameter), which display surface plasmon absorbance in the NIR region. HAuNS-containing microspheres exhibit a NIR-induced thermal effect similar to that of plain HAuNSs. Rapid, repetitive PTX release from the PTX/HAuNS-containing microspheres is observed upon irradiation with NIR light (808 nm), whereas PTX release is insignificant when the NIR light is switched off. The release of PTX from the microspheres is readily controlled by the output power of the NIR laser, duration of irradiation, treatment frequency, and concentration of HAuNSs embedded inside the microspheres. In vitro, cancer cells incubated with PTX/HAuNS-loaded microspheres and irradiated with NIR light display significantly greater cytotoxic effects than cells incubated with the microspheres alone or cells irradiated with NIR light alone, owing to NIR-light-triggered drug release. Treatment of human U87 gliomas and MDA-MB-231 mammary tumor xenografts in nude mice with intratumoral injections of PTX/HAuNS-loaded microspheres followed by NIR irradiation results in significant tumor-growth delay compared to tumors treated with HAuNS-loaded microspheres (no PTX) and NIR irradiation or with PTX/HAuNS-loaded microspheres alone. The data support the feasibility of a therapeutic approach in which NIR light is used for simultaneous modulation of drug release and induction of photothermal cell killing.
Energy Selecting Microscope (1964)

A new instrument called “Energy Selecting Microscope” has been completed, by means of which electron microscope images and diffraction patterns formed by mono-energetic electrons of any pre-selected energy can be obtained. The energy of electrons forming an image or pattern is analysed by a Möllenstedt type analyser, and the electrons within a certain energy range are selected by a slit placed on the plane of the energy spectrum. To obtain the entire image of the specimen, the images on the entrance slit of the analyser and on the final screen are scanned perpendicularly to the slit by properly synchronized saw-tooth voltages. The energy resolution of the selected-energy image is approximately 1 eV at 50 kV acceleration. In the case of amorphous specimens such as carbon particles, the characteristic-loss electron image looked similar to the ordinary dark field image, while Fresnel fringes did not appear in the loss electron images. In the case of crystalline specimens the extinction contours and dislocations were clearly observed in the characteristic-loss electron images. This observation indicates that the characteristic-loss electrons produced a diffraction contrast similar to that of no-loss electrons.
ATROPINE FEVER IN EARLY INFANCY (1929)

My object in this paper is to emphasize by discussion a fact which is already known, but which has acquired new importance with the increasing use of atropine in the so-called true colic of early infancy; namely, that in certain cases, atropine produces an abrupt rise in temperature, even in average dosage. INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF ATROPINE IN EARLY INFANCY Before considering the frequency and the mechanism of this pyrexia, one should review for a moment the conditions for which atropine is commonly given to infants. There are principally two: pyloric stenosis and gastro-enterospasm, commonly miscalled pylorospasm.1In a previous paper,2the statement was made that atropine will cure the majority of patients with functional vagogenic gastro-enterospasm. The principal manifestations of this condition are (a) extreme fretfulness, aggravated by feeding, with inability to nurse because of cramps or colic, with (b) occasional projectile vomiting, plus diarrhea or
Synthetic studies on lythraceae alkaloids. II. The mannich reaction of isopelletierine with 3-methoxybenzaldehyde and 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde. (1975)

The Mannich reaction of isopelletierine (III) with 3-methoxybenzaldehyde (VI) in aqueous sodium hydroxide afforded the trans- and cis-quinolizidine (VIII and IX) in the 1 : 6 ratio, whereas the reaction with 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (VII) gave almost exclusively the trans-quinolizidine (X). On the other hand, the reaction with VI in methanol afforded VIII and IX in the 6 : 1 ratio. On the basis of the detailed experiments the Mannich reaction of III with arylaldehyde under an alkaline condition was found to afford at first cis-4-arylquinolizidin-2-one, which then isomerized into the corresponding trans-isomer. And the stereoselectivity of this reaction was found to depend on solvents, solubilities of the starting arylaldehydes and products, and reaction times.
A multimedia database server for information storage and querying (2009)

The paper presents an original software tool for creating and querying medium sized image collections. The software tool includes a server for a relational multi-user MMDBMS that uses traditional data types (integer, double, char, varchar) and a complex data type, called image. This type is used for storing the image and the extracted information regarding the size and type of the image, color and texture characteristics. An element of originality for this software is the content based retrieval module that allows the user to build content based visual queries to the image level. The color information is represented by the color histograms automatically extracted from the image. The software uses HSV color space, quantized to 166 colors. The dissimilitude between images is calculated using one of the following metrics: Euclidian metrics, histogram intersection or a combination of them. One of the advantages of this tool is that it has a low cost and it is easy to maintain, comparing to other similar database servers.
The Effects of Antineoplastic Chemotherapy on HIV Disease (1996)

Six patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma receiving chemotherapy (CT) with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were sequentially monitored to study the effects of these treatments on their immunologic status (CD4 and CD8 cell counts) and on HIV plasma viremia. We show that mean CD4 cell counts declined significantly after the third cycle of CT (187 +/- 117/microliters before CT versus 92.4 +/- 60/microliters; p = 0.04) and remained significantly reduced 4 months after completion of CT. Modifications of CD8 cell counts were not statistically significant. The effects of CT on plasma viremia, as measured by a competitive polymerase chain reaction technique, were delayed until the fourth cycle, when an increase of viral load ranging from 0.6 to 2 logs (p = 0.027) was observed. After this point, viremia returned to baseline levels, with the exception of two patients who later developed opportunistic infections and one who underwent disease progression. These results suggest that, contrary to CD4 cell counts, plasma viremia could be a faithful surrogate marker for monitoring of HIV disease progression in patients undergoing CT.
Parasite loss and inhibited development of <i>Teladorsagia circumcincta</i> in relation to the kinetics of the local IgA response in sheep (2007)

Groups of yearling sheep, which had been trickle infected with Teladorsagia circumcincta for 8 weeks and then drenched, were challenged with 50 000 T. circumcincta larvae together with groups of worm-free controls. Fewer parasites and a greater proportion of early fourth stage larvae were recovered from previously infected sheep compared to controls. Worm loss and arrested development were evident by 5 days after challenge whereas growth retardation of developing worms was observed by day 10. In the previously infected sheep a secondary IgA response was observed in the efferent gastric lymph from 5 days post-infection. Western blot analysis showed the lymph IgA to be predominantly dimeric and nonsecretory in nature and that the somatic antigens recognized were predominantly in the 100-250 kDa range. The concentration of IgA in lymph was always higher than in blood and in the previously infected sheep increased fivefold 8 days post-challenge in contrast to blood where IgA levels were unchanged. The timing of the response suggested that it occurred too late to have been the cause of worm loss or arrested development, though it may have retarded the growth of developing parasites.
Robust monolithic ultraviolet interferometer for the SHIMMER instrument on STPSat-1 (2003)

We describe the design, fabrication, and testing of a monolithic interferometer consisting entirely of optically contacted fused-silica optical elements that are assembled, adjusted, and permanently bonded in place. The interferometer is part of a spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS) [SHIMMER (Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals)] that will be used for near-ultraviolet high-spectral-resolution limb imaging of OH solar resonance fluorescence from low Earth orbit aboard the satellite STPSat-1 scheduled for launch in 2006. The stability of the monolith coupled with the relaxed tolerances on optical quality and alignment inherent to SHS make this new instrument extremely robust and especially attractive for applications in harsh environments.
Effect of pelleting temperature on the recovery and efficacy of a xylanase enzyme in wheat-based diets (1999)

Two trials were performed to test the stability and efficacy of a commercial enzyme preparation containing xylanase and protease activities to pelleting. In Trial 1, 576 male Cobb chicks were fed wheat-based diets to 21 d with or without enzyme and pelleted after conditioning for 55 or 140 s at 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, or 95 C. In Trial 2, 2,880 male Cobb chicks were fed wheat-based diets to 42 d with no enzyme, or with enzyme addition before or after pelleting with conditioning for 30 s at 70, 80, 90, or 95 C. Enzyme addition had a positive effect on BW gain and the feed to gain ratio (FG) in Trial 1 and on FG to 42 d in Trial 2. All treatment effects were significant for intestinal viscosity in both trials. Two- (BW) and three-way (BW, FG) interactions between enzyme, temperature, and time were seen in Trial 1. With enzyme supplementation, second degree polynomial equations of performance on conditioning temperature had high R2 values for BW and FG, with temperatures between 80 and 85 C being most favorable. Enzyme activity in unsupplemented diets measured in vitro was largely eliminated at temperatures above 80 C, whereas the decline in activity in supplemented diets was linear. In spite of the decline in enzyme activity measured in vitro, intestinal viscosity of chicks fed enzyme-supplemented diets remained low with high processing temperatures, whereas that of chicks fed unsupplemented diets increased dramatically.
A complementary guest induced morphology transition in a two-component multiple H-bonding self-assembly (2009)

An oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV) dimer, whose OPV units are capped on their end by monotopic melamine hydrogen-bonding units, self-assembles in methylcyclohexane to form flexible fibrous nanostructures, which are transformed into rigid nanostrips upon adding ditopic cyanurates and reconverted to nanofibers upon adding a m-xylylene-linked bismelamine.
An exploration of warehouse automation implementations: cost, service and flexibility issues (2007)

Purpose Automated warehouse equipment is often regarded as being inflexible, and yet its use continues to rise even though markets are becoming increasingly volatile. The purpose of this paper is to explore the reasons for, and nature of, warehouse automation implementations in order to further this understanding. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on semi‐structured interviews with some of the key stakeholders in automation projects. This is followed by a survey questionnaire to widen the findings. Findings The research indicates that the main reason for automation is to accommodate growth, with cost reduction and service improvement also being important. The implementation process tends to be complex and lengthy, although most projects are controlled within the planned budget and timescale. There is, however, a real risk of disruption and service level failings during the operational start‐up of these projects, as well as some concerns about ongoing flexibility. Research limitations/implications The findings provide a useful insight into these areas but further research is required to explore the key characteristics of successful implementations and to understand how warehouse automation can be designed to provide responsiveness to rapidly changing market conditions. Practical implications The findings have important implications as regards the need to incorporate scenario planning into the design process and to plan for the management of the ongoing operation. Originality/value There has been relatively little previous research into this important area, which involves a substantial proportion of the capital budget of many supply chains. The above findings are of value to academics and practitioners.