gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved Oil Recovery by Seismic Vibration: A Preliminary Assessment of Possible Mechanisms (2006)

ABSTRACT Use of seismic vibration has been proposed as a low-cost IOR method, with reports of some successful field results. A key difficulty with the method is that its mechanism for oil recovery is not yet known, and accordingly, process performance prediction and reliable project design is so far not possible. In this study, a critical review of literature on the field and laboratory results and theoretical modeling work is first made. Employing a simple pore-level model and the well-established capillary number correlation, mobilization of waterflood residual oil by seismic vibration is shown to be unlikely, confirming earlier coreflood data. A more likely mechanism for IOR is that vibration squeezes out the oil bypassed by earlier recovery methods, due to reservoir heterogeneity. While it is quite difficult to bring the injection fluids to the low-permeability zones in a highly heterogeneous reservoir, vibrational wave can transmit effectively through both high- and low-permeability zones. When a seismic vibration propagates through a heterogeneous reservoir, the pore pressure response in different permeability layers becomes different, generating a transient pressure difference and crossflow between the layers, potentially squeezing out oil from the low-permeability zones. The rock deformation and fluid flow equations are coupled to describe the effects of low-frequency oscillatory poroelastic deformation on crossflow. Improved oil recovery due to vibration-induced crossflow is approximately estimated. Our assessment that seismic vibration recovers only the oil bypassed due to reservoir heterogeneity may explain why the method's success is rather erratic, since accurate advance characterization of reservoir heterogeneity and the bypassed oil is inherently difficult. On positive side, seismic vibration may improve access of IOR chemical to low-permeability zones such as matrix portion of naturally fractured reservoirs, for better oil extraction from hard-to-access tight matrices. Another important question that needs to be addressed is how to deliver vibrational energy effectively to a large volume of reservoir where the oil is. Fluid pressure oscillation damps down quickly in porous media and even the rock deformation wave attenuates significantly. One possible way is to transmit rock displacement wave continually so that its accumulation can form resonance in the reservoir. The resonance generation with the reservoir length scale as the resonance wavelength requires a very slow wave, and recent literature on the subject is discussed.
Some Derivatives of Benzoyl and Furoyl Isothiocyanates and their Use in Synthesizing Heterocyclic Compounds<sup>1</sup> (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Derivatives of Benzoyl and Furoyl Isothiocyanates and their Use in Synthesizing Heterocyclic Compounds1Irwin B. Douglass and F. B. DainsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1934, 56, 3, 719–721Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01318a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01318a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views942Altmetric-Citations191LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Validation of a Generation 4 Phosphorus-Containing Polycationic Dendrimer for Gene Delivery Against HIV-1 (2012)

Gene therapy, in which oligomeric genetic material is carried into cells by nano-sized gene delivery vehicles to interfere with gene expression, represents a promising approach for preventive therapy against HIV/AIDS pandemic. Herein, we evaluate the usefulness of a phosphorus-containing dendrimer G4(NH+Et2Cl-)96 as a delivery agent of ODNs and siRNAs. G4(NH+Et2Cl-)96 formed stable complexes with ODNs or siRNAs and exhibited very low cytotoxicity in Sup T1 cells or PBMC. Functional validation was performed by using specific siRNA against HIV-1 Nef, siNEF to interfere in HIV-1 replication. G4(NH+Et2Cl-)96/siNEF dendriplex showed a high efficiency in Nef silencing. Furthermore, in vitro treatment of HIV-infected PBMC with G4(NH+Et2Cl-)96/siNEF dendriplex significantly reduced the viral replication. Our results prove the usefulness of phosphorus-containing dendrimers to deliver and transfect siRNA into CD4-T cells as a potential alternative therapy in the HIV-1 infection.
Construction of a Stabilometer Capable of Indicating the Variability of Non-Level Performance (1982)

Construction and validation of a stabilometer as a measure of gross motor balance was achieved by using a stabilometer designed to provide a quantitative score sensitive to variability of performance in a non-horizontal position. Reliability was obtained through test-retest and by mechanically manipulating the instrument. Validity was indicated by content and construct validity techniques. Both reliability and validity were high, and the instrument was viewed as appropriate for measuring gross motor balance.
Antihypertensive Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Cocoa Powder Industrially Processed To Preserve the Original Flavonoids of the Cocoa Beans (2009)

A natural flavonoid-enriched cocoa powder, commercially named CocoanOX and developed via a patented industrial process, was characterized and tested for a possible antihypertensive effect. The bioavailability of this polyphenol-rich cocoa powder developed at pilot scale was previously demonstrated in humans. The present results showed that this product was very rich in total procyanidins (128.9 mg/g), especially monomers, dimers, and trimers (54.1 mg/g), and mainly (-)-epicatechin (19.36 mg/g). The effect of a single oral administration of CocoanOX in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was evaluated at different doses (50, 100, 300, and 600 mg/kg). This product produced a clear antihypertensive effect in these animals, but these doses did not modify the arterial blood pressure in the normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Paradoxically, the maximum effect in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of SHR was caused by 300 mg/kg of CocoanOX. This dose brought about a decrease in this variable very similar to that caused by 50 mg/kg Captopril. It was also surprising that the maximum effect in the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was caused by 100 mg/kg CocoanOX. The initial values of DBP and SBP were recovered in SHR, respectively, 24 and 48 h postadministration of the different doses of CocoanOX or Captopril. These results suggest that CocoanOX could be used as a functional ingredient with antihypertensive effect, although it would be also necessary to carry out bioavailability and clinical studies to demonstrate its long-term antihypertensive efficiency in humans.
Image Texture Feature Extraction Using GLCM Approach (2013)

Abstract- Feature Extraction is a method of capturing visual content of images for indexing &amp; retrieval. Primitive or low level image features can be either general features, such as extraction of color, texture and shape or domain specific features. This paper presents an application of gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) to extract second order statistical texture features for motion estimation of images. The Four features namely, Angular Second Moment, Correlation, Inverse Difference Moment, and Entropy are computed using Xilinx FPGA. The results show that these texture features have high discrimination accuracy, requires less computation time and hence efficiently used for real time Pattern recognition applications.
Drying hardwood lumber (2000)

Drying Hardwood Lumber focuses on common methods for drying lumber of different thickness, with minimal drying defects, for high quality applications. This manual also includes predrying treatments that, when part of an overall quality-oriented drying system, reduce defects and improve drying quality, especially of oak lumber. Special attention is given to drying white wood, such as hard maple and ash, without sticker shadow or other discoloration. Several special drying methods, such as solar drying, are described, and proper techniques for storing dried lumber are discussed. Suggestions are provided for ways to economize on drying costs by reducing drying time and energy demands when feasible. Each chapter is accompanied by a list of references. Some references are cited in the chapter; others are listed as additional sources of information.
Heliothis: a Global Problem (1982)

The geographical distribution of the major pests, Heliothis armigera, H. zea, and H. vlrescens,\nand the crop losses caused by these are reviewed. Although i t is generally considered that\nthe destruction of natural enemies by pesticide use and changes In cropping patterns and\nmanagement have promoted these insects to malor pest status, there are areas where H. armlgera\nIs a serious pest, although traditional agriculture is s t i l l practiced, and no pesticides\nare used. The dangers of a further increase in losses to Heliothis spp by breeding more\nsusceptible crops are described. There is a need for a more imaginative and holistic approach\nto research directed towards the management of these pests.
SNP genotyping by DNA photoligation: application to SNP detection of genes from food crops (2009)

We describe a simple and inexpensive single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method, using DNA photoligation with 5-carboxyvinyl-2'-deoxyuridine and two fluorophores. This SNP-typing method facilitates qualitative determination of genes from indica and japonica rice, and showed a high degree of single nucleotide specificity up to 10 000. This method can be used in the SNP typing of actual genomic DNA samples from food crops.
Highly sensitive detectiong of DNA using enzyme-liked DNA-probe. I Colorimatric and fluorometric detection (1989)

In order to develop non-radioactive oligonucleotide derivatives and to examine their utility as a diagnostic tool, namely as DNA-probe, an enzyme-linked oligonucleotide was synthesized. Oligonucleotide complementary to M13mp8 phage DNA was linked to alkaline phosphatase via a crosslinker and a spacer. M13mp8 phage DNA (single strand) immobilized on the nitrocellulose membrane was hybridized with the enzyme-linked oligonucleotide. The hybrid was detected with three detection methods; (1)colorimetric detection in solution, (2)colorimetric one on membranes, and (3)fluorometric one in solution. Methods(2) and (3) gave high sensitivities to detect as low as several to several tens attomoles of DNA and it was found that those methods with enzyme-linked oligonucleotides are potent for DNA-probe methodology from the viewpoint of automation.
Modeling Pollutant Transport in Runoff and Sediment (1992)

A dynamic model was developed to simulate mixing of rainwater with soils containing agricultural nutrients and pesticides, entrainment of these pollutants to runoff, and their transport in runoff and sediment within a watershed and during a single storm event. The model is an advancement to the existing models in simulating chemical transport during individual storms. It routes infiltrating rainwater and solutes through the soil profile using concepts of complete mixing and piston displacement. When runoff begins, chemical exchange between runoff and a mixing soil layer of the soil profile, containing the chemicals in dissolved and adsorbed forms, are simulated using the concept of non-uniform mixing with respect to the soil layer depths. Entrained chemicals in runoff are routed along slope lengths in dissolved and adsorbed forms based on mass conservation. The basic model concepts and algorithms on chemical mixing and entrainment were tested for time varying concentrations of nitrate, phosphate, and cyanazine in runoff using a suitable laboratory data set found in the literature. A total of 15 model runs, 5 for each pollutant, were made. Predicted concentrations were compared with the respective observed data. The comparisons showed that the concepts and the algorithms were valid and promising.
Deepening of Lid Sulcus from Topical Bimatoprost Therapy (2004)

A comprehensive literature search of Medline using WebMd and MDConsult, was conducted to cross reference known side effects of topical prostaglandin analog treatment. The keywords utilized were prostaglandin analogs, prostaglandins, prostamide, glaucoma, ocular hypertension, intraocular pressure, side effects, adverse effects, bimatoprost, latanoprost, lumigan, and xalatan. This appears to be the first such report in the literature. Clinicians and patients should be made aware of this possible complication of topical bimatoprost therapy.
Self-Assembled Hybrid Nanoparticles for Cancer-Specific Multimodal Imaging (2007)

A layer-by-layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte deposition strategy is used to prepare multifunctional nanoparticles (MFNPs) with multimodal imaging capabilities. Alternating treatment of hybrid silica nanoparticles (NP0) containing a luminescent [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 core and anionic monolayer coating of the Gd−(siloxylpropyl)diethylenetriamine tetraacetate (Gd−DTTA) complex with cationic Gd(III)−DOTA oligomer 1 and anionic poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) led to the deposition of multilayers of 1 and PSS via electrostatic interactions. This LbL deposition technique offers a superb strategy for the assembly of hybrid nanoparticles with imbedded luminophores and very high MR relaxivities. The PSS-terminated multilayered nanoparticles can be noncovalently functionalized with targeting peptides that carry positive charges under physiological conditions via electrostatic interactions to lead to cancer-specific MFNPs for optical and MR imaging of HT-29 human colon cancer cells. The generality of this approach should allow the design of imaging and/or therapeutic MFNPs that can specifically target a wide range of diseased cells.
Elements of scalable video servers (2002)

Large scale multimedia systems combine technologies from audio and video systems, communications systems, and computer systems. In multimedia systems compressed video files are stored digitally on a video server that is typically shared by a large number of users. The two key metrics for a video server are the amount of material that it can store and the number of video streams it can play simultaneously. A video server must be composed of multiple storage units, processing units and network connections in order to store the large amount of digital data and concurrently play the large number of streams. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy of video server organizations, compare the alternative systems and show how some of the systems which have been commercially proposed or built fit into the taxonomy.
Clinical evaluation in healthy adults of a hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant DNA (1984)

A vaccine formulated from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced by a recombinant strain of the yeast<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>was administered to two groups of human volunteers composed of 37 healthy, low-risk adults. Each subject received a 10-μg dose of HBsAg at 0, 1, and 6 months. By one month, 27% to 40% of the vaccinees had antibody to HBsAg, and by three months 80% to 100% were antibody positive. Large boosts in titer followed the third dose at six months. The antibody formed is predominantly specific for the a determinant of HBsAg. There have been no serious reactions attributable to the vaccine. The most frequent complaint has been transient soreness at the injection site. As far as we know, this is the first reported use in man of a vaccine prepared by recombinant DNA technology. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:2812-2815)
Practicing Evidence-Based Medicine (2015)

Today, a plethora of resources for evidence-based medicine (EBM) are available via alert services, compendia, and more. In theory, a clinician researching a topic or looking for information regarding a clinical decision should easily find the literature or synopses needed. However, the real challenge lies in recognizing which resources (out of hundreds or possibly thousands) present the best and most reliable evidence. As well, evidence from research is only part of the decision calculus, and the clinician, not the evidence, makes the final decisions. Medical decision analysis attempts to formalize the process and reduce it to algebra, but it is difficult or impossible to represent all the components of a decision mathematically and validly let alone do so in “real time” for individual patients. This review discusses these challenges and more, including how to ask answerable questions, understand the hierarchy for evidence-based information resources, critically appraise evidence, and apply research results to patient care. Figures show the total number of new articles in Medline from 1965 to 2012, a “4S” hierarchy of preappraised medicine, percentage of physician and medical student respondents with a correct or incorrect answer to a question about calculating the positive predictive value of a hypothetical screening test, a nomogram for Bayes’s rule, an example of nomogram use for pulmonary embolism, and a model for evidence-informed clinical decisions. Tables list selected barriers to the implementation of EBM; Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework for formulating clinical questions; guides for assessing medical texts for evidence-based features; clinically useful measures of disease frequency and statistical significance and precision; definitions of clinically useful measures of diagnostic test performance and interpretation; definitions of clinically useful measures of treatment effects from clinical trials; summary of results and derived calculations from the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET); and selected number needed to treat values for common therapies. This review contains 6 highly rendered figures, 9 tables, and 28 references.
Evaluating the state of the art in coreference resolution for electronic medical records (2012)

The teams' system submissions showed that machine-learning and rule-based approaches worked best when augmented with external knowledge sources and coreference clues extracted from document structure. The systems performed better in coreference resolution when provided with ground truth mentions. Overall, the systems struggled in solving coreference resolution for cases that required domain knowledge.
Probing single-molecule dynamics photon by photon (2002)

We present the theoretical rationales for data analysis protocols that afford an efficient extraction of conformational dynamics on a broad range of time scales from single-molecule fluorescence lifetime trajectories. Based on correlation analyses, a photon-by-photon approach on one hand provides the highest time resolution, whereas a minimal-binning method on the other hand is most suitable for experiments experiencing external fluorescence intensity variations. Applications of the two methods are illustrated via computer simulations. In cases where fluorescence quenching is either due to Förster fluorescence resonance energy transfer or due to the excited-state electron transfer, the fluorescence lifetime is dependent on donor-acceptor distance, thereby providing a window through which conformational dynamics are revealed. To assist in interpreting experimental data derived from the new protocols, analytical expressions relating fluorescence lifetime fluctuation correlations to a Brownian diffusion model and to an anomalous diffusion model are discussed.
Power Effects in Indium-Zinc Oxide Thin Films for OLEDs on Flexible Applications (2004)

In this paper, transparent conducting indium-zinc oxide (IZO) films have been grown on a hard polycarbonate (HPC) substrate without postdeposition annealing treatment. The electrical, optical, and structural properties of these prepared films are investigated by different dc sputtering powers, such as 50, 80, and 100 W/cm2, with/without the ion-assisted deposition (IAD) technique. An optimal IZO deposition condition is developed for flexible organic light-emitting device (OLED) applications. The IZO films grown at low temperature (∼50°C) with dc magnetron sputtering (100 W power) and the IAD technique were used to study the electroluminescence (EL) performance of the OLEDs. The EL results are better than those that are measured with commercial indium-tin oxide anodes and well above the electro-optical application standard. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Audio Sound Reproduction Based on Nonlinear Interaction of Acoustic Waves (1999)

Audio sound reproduction based on nonlinear interaction of acoustic waves in a duct is investigated. Special emphasis is given to the sum and difference frequencies generated by the nonlinear effects. It is found that the difference frequency component changes with the changes of two primary waves. When the frequencies of the two primary waves are shifted to ultrasonics, the Only audible sound is the difference wave. This finding opens the possibility to reproduce the audio sound by nonlinear interaction of two ultrasonic waves.
Transforming Growth Factor Beta (1989)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) stimulates fibrosis. We studied its possible role as a bioactive substance for inducing localized chorioretinal wound healing along the edge of a retinal tear. The TGF-beta was applied to induced retinal tears that were examined histopathologically. One day after surgery, neither control nor TGF-beta-treated eyes developed chorioretinal wound healing. Four days, two weeks, and two months after surgery, the control eyes still had not developed chorioretinal wound healing. In contrast, the edges of the retinal tear treated with TGF-beta were adherent to the underlying Bruch's membrane via localized fibrous tissue without apparent effects elsewhere. These results demonstrate intraocular in vivo bioactivity of TGF-beta and suggest that TGF-beta may have a potential role as an alternative means for inducing a chorioretinal adhesion in the treatment of retinal tears.