gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Travel Mode Identification with Smartphone Sensors (2017)

Personal trips in a modern urban society typically involve multiple travel modes. Recognizing a traveller's transportation mode is not only critical to personal context-awareness in related applications, but also essential to urban traffic operations, transportation planning, and facility design. While the state of the art in travel mode recognition mainly relies on large-scale infrastructure-based fixed sensors or on individuals' GPS devices, the emergence of the smartphone provides a promising alternative with its ever-growing computing, networking, and sensing powers. In this thesis, we propose new algorithms for travel mode identification using smartphone sensors. The prototype system is built upon the latest Android and iOS platforms with multimodality sensors. It takes smartphone sensor data as the input, and aims to identify six travel modes: walking, jogging, bicycling, driving a car, riding a bus, taking a subway. The methods and algorithms presented in our work are guided by two key design principles. First, careful consideration of smartphones' limited computing resources and batteries should be taken. Second, careful balancing of the following dimensions (i) user-adaptability, (ii) energy efficiency, and (iii) computation speed. There are three key challenges in travel mode identification with smartphone sensors, stemming from the three steps in a typical mobile mining procedure. They are (C1) data capturing and preprocessing, (C2) feature engineering, and (C3) model training and adaptation. This thesis is our response to the challenges above. To address the first challenge (C1), in Chapter 4 we develop a smartphone app that collects a multitude of smartphone sensor measurement data, and showcase a comprehensive set of de-noising techniques. To tackle challenge (C2), in Chapter 5 we design feature extraction methods that carefully balance prediction accuracy, computation time, and battery consumption. And to answer challenge (C3), in Chapters 6,7 and 8 we design different learning models to accommodate different situations in model training. A hierarchical model with dynamic sensor selection is designed to address the energy consumption issue. We propose a personalized model that adapts to each traveller's specific travel behavior using limited labeled data. We also propose an online model for the purpose of addressing the model updating problem with large scaled data. In addressing the challenges and proposing solutions, this thesis provides an comprehensive study and gives a systematic solution for travel mode detection with smartphone sensors.
Inhibitors of the Interferon Response Enhance Virus Replication In Vitro (2014)

Virus replication efficiency is influenced by two conflicting factors, kinetics of the cellular interferon (IFN) response and induction of an antiviral state versus speed of virus replication and virus-induced inhibition of the IFN response. Disablement of a virus's capacity to circumvent the IFN response enables both basic research and various practical applications. However, such IFN-sensitive viruses can be difficult to grow to high-titer in cells that produce and respond to IFN. The current default option for growing IFN-sensitive viruses is restricted to a limited selection of cell-lines (e.g. Vero cells) that have lost their ability to produce IFN. This study demonstrates that supplementing tissue-culture medium with an IFN inhibitor provides a simple, effective and flexible approach to increase the growth of IFN-sensitive viruses in a cell-line of choice. We report that IFN inhibitors targeting components of the IFN response (TBK1, IKK2, JAK1) significantly increased virus replication. More specifically, the JAK1/2 inhibitor Ruxolitinib enhances the growth of viruses that are sensitive to IFN due to (i) loss of function of the viral IFN antagonist (due to mutation or species-specific constraints) or (ii) mutations/host cell constraints that slow virus spread such that it can be controlled by the IFN response. This was demonstrated for a variety of viruses, including, viruses with disabled IFN antagonists that represent live-attenuated vaccine candidates (Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Influenza Virus), traditionally attenuated vaccine strains (Measles, Mumps) and a slow-growing wild-type virus (RSV). In conclusion, supplementing tissue culture-medium with an IFN inhibitor to increase the growth of IFN-sensitive viruses in a cell-line of choice represents an approach, which is broadly applicable to research investigating the importance of the IFN response in controlling virus infections and has utility in a number of practical applications including vaccine and oncolytic virus production, virus diagnostics and techniques to isolate newly emerging viruses.
Tumor-infiltrating human CD4 <sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells display a distinct TCR repertoire and exhibit tumor and neoantigen reactivity (2019)

CD4<sup>+</sup> regulatory T (T<sub>reg</sub>) cells have an essential function in maintaining self-tolerance; however, they may also play a detrimental role in antitumor immune responses. The presence of elevated frequencies of T<sub>reg</sub> cells in tumors correlates with disease progression and poor survival in patients with cancer. The antigen specificity of T<sub>reg</sub> cells that have expanded in the tumor microenvironment is poorly understood; answering this question may provide important insights for immunotherapeutic approaches. To address this, we used a novel combinatorial approach to characterizing the T cell receptor (TCR) profiles of intratumoral T<sub>reg</sub> cells from patients with metastatic melanoma, gastrointestinal, and ovarian cancers and elucidated their antigen specificities. The TCR repertoires of tumor-resident T<sub>reg</sub> cells were diverse yet displayed significant overlap with circulating T<sub>reg</sub> cells but not with conventional T cells in tumor or blood. TCRs isolated from T<sub>reg</sub> cells displayed specific reactivity against autologous tumors and mutated neoantigens, suggesting that intratumoral T<sub>reg</sub> cells act in a tumor antigen-selective manner leading to their activation and clonal expansion in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor antigen-specific T<sub>reg</sub>-derived TCRs resided in the tumor and in the circulation, suggesting that both T<sub>reg</sub> cell compartments may serve as a source for tumor-specific TCRs. These findings provide insights into the TCR specificity of tumor-infiltrating human T<sub>reg</sub> cells that may have potential implications for cancer immunotherapy.
Knockout of p75<sup>NTR</sup> impairs re‐myelination of injured sciatic nerve in mice (2005)

Remyelination is an important aspect of nerve regeneration after nerve injury but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The neurotrophin receptor, p75(NTR), in activated Schwann cells in the Wallerian degenerated nerve is up-regulated and may play a role in the remyelination of regenerating peripheral nerves. In the present study, the role of p75(NTR) in remyelination of the sciatic nerve was investigated in p75(NTR) mutant mice. Histological results showed that the number of myelinated axons and thickness of myelin sheath in the injured sciatic nerves were reduced in mutant mice compared with wild-type mice. The myelin sheath of axons in the intact sciatic nerve of adult mutant mice is also thinner than that of wild-type mice. Real-time RT-PCR showed that mRNA levels for myelin basic protein and P0 in the injured sciatic nerves were significantly reduced in p75(NTR) mutant animals. Western blots also showed a significant reduction of P0 protein in the injured sciatic nerves of mutant animals. These results suggest that p75(NTR) is important for the myelinogenesis during the regeneration of peripheral nerves after injury.
Redar: A Remote Desktop Architecture for the Distributed Virtual Personal Computing (2006)

Some popular computing technologies, such as ubiquitous computing, grid computing and thin-client computing, bring people to a much more distributed and pervasive computing environment. Based on these innovative technologies, a distributed virtual personal computing (DVPC) paradigm is coming into being. One of the fundamental challenges in the DVPC design is the virtually integrated but physically distributed desktop system. We proposed Redar, a remote desktop architecture for the DVPC. Redar integrates various user interfaces from diverse service nodes into one virtual desktop, and present the virtual desktop to the ultra-thin user client. The user interfaces currently supported by Redar include the application GUIs as well as the mobile storage interfaces. The key components in Redar are the GUI merger, the virtual desktop manager, the ultra-thin-client and the transport protocols. We have implemented Redar in a DVPC prototype system. According to our evaluation, Redar shows perfect display latency, storage I/O, overhead, scalability and robustness
Structurally Conserved Aromaticity of Tyr<sup>249</sup> and Phe<sup>264</sup> in Helix 7 Is Important for Toxicity of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry4Ba Toxin (2007)

Functional elements of the conserved helix 7 in the poreforming domain of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry delta- endotoxins have not yet been clearly identified. Here, we initially performed alanine substitutions of four highly conserved aromatic residues, Trp(243), Phe(246), Tyr(249) and Phe(264), in helix 7 of the Cry4Ba mosquito-larvicidal protein. All mutant toxins were overexpressed in Escherichia coli as 130-kDa protoxins at levels comparable to the wild-type. Bioassays against Stegomyia aegypti mosquito larvae revealed that only W243A, Y249A or F264A mutant toxins displayed a dramatic decrease in toxicity. Further mutagenic analysis showed that replacements with an aromatic residue particularly at Tyr(249) and Phe(264) still retained the high-level toxin activity. In addition, a nearly complete loss in larvicidal activity was found for Y249L/F264L or F264A/ Y249A double mutants, confirming the involvement in toxicity of both aromatic residues which face towards the same direction. Furthermore, the Y249L/F264L mutant was found to be structurally stable upon toxin solubilisation and trypsin digestion, albeit a small change in the circular dichroism spectrum. Altogether, the present study provides for the first time an insight into the highly conserved aromaticity of Tyr(249) and Phe(264) within helix 7 playing an important role in larvicidal activity of the Cry4Ba toxin.
The software maintenance project effort estimation model based on function points (2003)

Abstract In this study, software maintenance size is discussed and the software maintenance project effort estimation model (SMPEEM) is proposed. The SMPEEM uses function points to calculate the volume of the maintenance function. Ten value adjustment factors (VAF) are considered and grouped into three categories of maintenance characteristics, that is the engineer's skill (people domain), its technical characteristics (product domain) and the maintenance environment (process domain). Finally, we suggest an exponential function model which can show the relationships among the maintenance efforts, maintenance environment factors, and function points of the software maintenance project. Regression analysis of some small maintenance projects demonstrates the significance of the SMPEEM model. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hafnocenes and MAO: Beware of Trimethylaluminum! (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTHafnocenes and MAO: Beware of Trimethylaluminum!Vincenzo Busico*†, Roberta Cipullo†, Roberta Pellecchia†, Giovanni Talarico†, and Abbas Razavi‡View Author Information Dipartimento di Chimica "Paolo Corradini", Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy, and Centre de Recherche du Groupe Total, Zone Industrielle C, B-7181 Seneffe (Feluy), Belgium* To whom correspondence should be addressed.†Università di Napoli Federico II.‡Centre de Recherche du Groupe Total.Cite this: Macromolecules 2009, 42, 6, 1789–1791Publication Date (Web):February 17, 2009Publication History Received13 January 2009Revised6 February 2009Published online17 February 2009Published inissue 24 March 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma900066nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma900066nrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1674Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Catalysts,Polymerization,Polymers,Sandwich compounds Get e-Alerts
Anomalous Codeposition of Iron Group Metals: I. Experimental Results (1999)

The codeposition behavior of three alloy systems, FeNi, FeCo, and CoNi, was studied in acid sulfate electrolytes using rotating cylinder electrodes to control mass transport conditions. The partial current densities of the codepositing metals and of the side reaction were determined from an analysis of the deposit and were compared with those measured for the pure metals deposited under identical conditions. Results confirmed that Ni is inhibited by the presence of and ions. Fe deposition rate is enhanced by the presence of and ions. The ion of the less noble metal has a stronger influence on the deposition behavior of the partner ion. Co is inhibited by codeposition of ions and enhanced by ions. The present data demonstrate that anomalous codeposition of iron group metals involves both inhibiting and accelerating effects. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
On Fast Start-Up Data Communication Systems Using Pseudo-Random Training Sequences (1972)

This paper analyzes the start-up performance of automatic transversal equalizers when maximum-length pseudo-random sequences of short periods are selected as the training signals for fast start-up purposes. Single-sideband Nyquist systems are considered because they represent the limiting case of vestigial-sideband systems with small excess bandwidth. It is shown that the equalizer is capable of fast start-up except in some rare situations which can be avoided by using proper timing, phase, and equalizer initial settings. The results also show that the equalizer tap convergence rate is independent of the phase characteristic of the communication channel and of the choice of the pseudo-random sequences which have the same period. The equalizer is set up in the training period by minimizing the mean-square error between the equalizer output and the transmitted pseudo-random sequence, which is different from the mean-square error for random data. Surprisingly, we have found that, even for pseudo-random sequences of very short periods, this start-up algorithm results in only a slight degradation in system performance. Accordingly, good system performance can be expected immediately after the system switches from the training mode to the data mode.
Ultra-long lifetime water bubbles stabilized by negative pressure generated between microparticles (2017)

Bubbles blown up from a water surface can only last for seconds before bursting due to gravity, surface tension and evaporation. Although adding certain surfactants and depressing evaporation can significantly extend the bubbles' lifetime, there is still no method to prevent the bubble film from getting thinner and avoid the effects of evaporation. Here we report our experimental observation that centimeter length scale water bubbles can last for over a month at room temperature in the open natural environment with evaporation if they are covered with densely distributed microparticles on the bubble top surface. The underlying stability mechanism to balance out evaporation water loss is revealed to be the existence of negative pressure in the water between the two water-air interfaces of the film of the bubbles. This negative pressure is generated by surface tension of the locally curved water-air interfaces spanned over the particles and acts against gravity to suck water up from the water bulk and self-adaptively compensate the water loss due to evaporation. A theoretical model of the above water supplementary mechanism is built and computed numerically using Surface Evolver. A three-dimensional fluorescence experiment is also designed to verify the above water transfer process. This mechanism is generally valid for making ultra-long lifetime bubbles not only with water, but also for other liquids and suitable particles that satisfy certain contact angle requirements.
Plasma hydrogen peroxide production in hypertensives and normotensive subjects at genetic risk of hypertension (1998)

Hydrogen peroxide is produced in blood plasma and elevation of its level could constitute a pathogenic factor in vascular organ damage attendant upon systemic hypertension.
Optical amplifiers for optical networks (2002)

The erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is a key enabler of WDM transmission systems and wavelength routed optical networks. EDFAs are well suited to compensate the optical loss of network elements and transmission spans. Although the EDFA's are almost ideal in their characteristics, they are not quite perfect. Two effects which are critical in WDM networks and transmission systems are spectral gain non-uniformity and channel cross saturation in EDFAs.
CEREBRAL DYSRHYTHMIAS OF EPILEPSY (1938)

Our reports on the electrical activity of the brain in epilepsy have thus far been almost entirely descriptive.<sup>1</sup>Interpretation, we believed, could wait until a considerable body of data had been acquired. Now, after two and one-half years, we have electro-encephalograms for over four hundred patients. We have daily records for some patients extending over many days; others have been studied repeatedly at long intervals, and for others we have made long-continued records, the longest being thirty-four hours. Altogether, we have a total of approximately 60 miles (96 kilometers) of records. Most of these records were made with a multichannel instrument recording simultaneously from four parts of the head. The object of this effort has been to secure electro-encephalograms of patients during seizures, but we also wished to see what abnormalities, if any, occurred in the interval between seizures. We have records of the grand mal seizures of thirty
Low-loss fused silica optical waveguide with borosilicate cladding (1973)

Optical waveguides consisting of a pure fused silica core and borosilicate cladding were produced by using chemical vapor deposition techniques. A typical guide showed an optical attenuation of 7.5 ± 1.5 dB/km, measured at 0.63 μm (He–Ne laser). In one of the guides whose loss spectrum was studied, the attenuation was less than 20 dB/km between 0.55 and 0.86 μm except for the third OH overtone at ∼ 0.72 μm. The lowest loss of this waveguide occurred at 0.80 μm, with other minima at 0.66 and 1.06 μm.
Neural networks for process prediction (1995)

Neural networks are powerful tools to model complex nonlinear behavior from process data. An intelligent sensor is a use of neural network to provide the same information a physical sensor would give. The benefits of using neural networks as intelligent sensors fall into four different categories, which are outlined in this paper. This paper also describes how backpropagation neural networks run, and highlites several important issues that engineers need to keep in mind when building a neural network.
Marine Chemical Technology and Sensors for Marine Waters: Potentials and Limits (2008)

A significant need exists for in situ sensors that can measure chemical species involved in the major processes of primary production (photosynthesis and chemosynthesis) and respiration. Some key chemical species are O2, nutrients (N and P), micronutrients (metals), pCO2, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH, and sulfide. Sensors need to have excellent detection limits, precision, selectivity, response time, a large dynamic concentration range, low power consumption, robustness, and less variation of instrument response with temperature and pressure, as well as be free from fouling problems (biological, physical, and chemical). Here we review the principles of operation of most sensors used in marine waters. We also show that some sensors can be used in several different oceanic environments to detect the target chemical species, whereas others are useful in only one environment because of various limitations. Several sensors can be used truly in situ, whereas many others involve water brought into a flow cell via tubing to the analyzer in the environment or aboard ship. Multi-element sensors that measure many chemical species in the same water mass should be targeted for further development.
Bi-layer Si<i><sub>x</sub></i>N<i><sub>y</sub></i>passivation on AlGaN/GaN HEMTs to suppress current collapse and improve breakdown (2010)

Si(x)N(y) deposited at low temperature was found to improve the breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs at the expense of current collapse due to the presence of a high density of charge trapping states. On the other hand, stoichiometric Si(3)N(4) film deposited at high temperature was effective in mitigating current slump but no improvement in the breakdown voltage was observed. Combining the benefit of both films, a bi-layer stacked passivation has been employed on the HEMTs. Gate lag measurements revealed that the current collapse was mitigated and the breakdown voltage of the devices was found to increase from 120 V to 238 V upon passivation.