gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recovery of hearing and vocal behavior after hair-cell regeneration (1997)

Postmitotic hair-cell regeneration in the inner ear of birds provides an opportunity to study the effect of renewed auditory input on auditory perception, vocal production, and vocal learning in a vertebrate. We used behavioral conditioning to test both perception and vocal production in a small Australian parrot, the budgerigar. Results show that both auditory perception and vocal production are disrupted when hair cells are damaged or lost but that these behaviors return to near normal over time. Precision in vocal production completely recovers well before recovery of full auditory function. These results may have particular relevance for understanding the relation between hearing loss and human speech production especially where there is consideration of an auditory prosthetic device. The present results show, at least for a bird, that even limited recovery of auditory input soon after deafening can support full recovery of vocal precision.
Characteristics and requirements of the interaction between human monocytes and tumor cells on the single cell level (1983)

Highly purified (97%-99%) and viable (99%) peripheral blood monocytes obtained by EDTA-reversible adherence to autologous-serum-precoated plastic surfaces could rapidly lyse a variety of tumor cells in a 3–4 hr 51Cr release assay. Using these monocytes as effectors, a short-term agarose/conjugate assay was utilized, permitting us to examine the interaction between fresh human monocytes and neoplastic target cells on a single cell level. That the tumor-bound effector cells were indeed monocytes was confirmed by employing the monocyte-specific monoclonal antibody 61D3, which stained 95%-99% of the mononuclear cells bound to conjugated and killed K562 tumor targets. The binding of monocytes to target cells appeared to be temperature dependent and was extremely rapid, reaching a plateau after 5 min at 30 degrees C. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that only a proportion of human blood monocytes can bind to a particular target cell and that only a fraction of the binding cells have the intrinsic potential to kill those neoplastic targets. The proportion of monocytes capable of binding and killing varies between individuals and also depends on the tumor cell used, indicating heterogeneity in the monocyte and tumor cell populations. The highest proportion of monocytes bind to the human erythromyeloid leukemia K562 cell line (13%-50%). The frequency of monocytes capable of killing K562 tumor cells is relatively low (7%- 13%). The system described here should be useful to study the heterogeneity of mononuclear phagocytes and to analyze the molecular basis of the interaction between those effector cells and neoplastic target cells.
Anterior to psoas (ATP) fusion of the lumbar spine: evolution of a technique facilitated by changes in equipment (2016)

The left sided anterior to psoas approach offers the most natural corridor to the disc space. The novel instruments and method described here allows insertion of large lateral cages between L2 to L5, without the problems associated with the transpsoas approach, particularly at L4/5.
Laser studies of internal conical diffraction. III. Second-harmonic conical refraction in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>-iodic acid (1978)

The phenomenon of nonlinear conical refraction in a noncentrosymmetric biaxial crystal is investigated experimentally. Both free and forced second-harmonic cones are observed, depending on whether the incident laser pulse has wave normals encompassing the optic axis at the second-harmonic or the fundamental frequency, respectively. The photographically recorded second-harmonic intensity patterns at the wavelengths of 0.53 and 0.42 \ensuremath{\mu}m are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Two novel human anti-ErbB2 immunoagents are active on trastuzumab-resistant tumours (2010)

These results suggest that EDIAs are immunoagents that could not only fulfil the therapeutic need of patients ineligible to trastuzumab treatment due to cardiac dysfunction but also prove to be useful for breast cancer patients unresponsive to trastuzumab treatment.
Modalidades de gestión del hábitat : redes y capital social en una localidad pobre de la provincia de Córdoba (2008)

En la ardua y difícil tarea que significa para muchas familias generar y consolidar un lugar para vivir, sus protagonistas se apropian de las condiciones obj...
A New, Energy-Efficient Chemical Pathway for Extracting Ti Metal from Ti Minerals (2013)

Titanium is the ninth most abundant element, fourth among common metals, in the Earth's crust. Apart from some high-value applications in, e.g., the aerospace, biomedicine, and defense industries, the use of titanium in industrial or civilian applications has been extremely limited because of its high embodied energy and high cost. However, employing titanium would significantly reduce energy consumption of mechanical systems such as civilian transportation vehicles, which would have a profound impact on the sustainability of a global economy and the society of the future. The root cause of the high cost of titanium is its very strong affinity for oxygen. Conventional methods for Ti extraction involve several energy-intensive processes, including upgrading ilmenite ore to Ti-slag and then to synthetic rutile, high-temperature carbo-chlorination to produce TiCl4, and batch reduction of TiCl4 using Mg or Na (Kroll or Hunter process). This Communication describes a novel chemical pathway for extracting titanium metal from the upgraded titanium minerals (Ti-slag) with 60% less energy consumption than conventional methods. The new method involves direct reduction of Ti-slag using magnesium hydride, forming titanium hydride, which is subsequently purified by a series of chemical leaching steps. By directly reducing Ti-slag in the first step, Ti is chemically separated from impurities without using high-temperature processes.
Liposomes Modulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infectivity (1990)

We have investigated the effects of the fusion of liposomes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1LVA) on the ability of the virus to infect CD4+ and CD4- cells. Fluorescence dequenching measurements indicated that HIV-1 fuses with liposomes composed of either cardiolipin (CL) or N-[2,3-(dioleyloxy) propyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium chloride (DOTMA) but not appreciably with dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) liposomes. Pre-incubation of HIV-1 with DOTMA liposomes enhanced virus production (measured by p24 gag antigen production in the culture medium and in situ) in CD4+ A3.01 and H9 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not mediate the infection of the CD4- cell line, K562. Preincubation of HIV-1 with between 10 and 30 microM-DOTMA liposomes, and subsequent incubation with A3.01 cells, resulted in the production of about 30-fold greater levels of virus than controls. The presence of DOTMA liposomes during the incubation of A3.01 cells with HIV-1 enhanced the infectivity of the virus up to 90-fold compared to controls. Conversely, preincubation of HIV-1 with CL liposomes inhibited infection of A3.01 cells, dependent on the concentration of liposomes; DOPC liposomes did not alter the infectivity of the virus under any of the incubation conditions. Our results thus indicate that fusion of HIV-1 with liposomes alters the ability of the virus to infect its target cells.
Chemical Synthesis and Properties of an Interresidually Cyclized Uridylyl(3'-5')uridine as a model of tRNA U-Turn Structure Having a Sharp Bend (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Synthesis and Properties of an Interresidually Cyclized Uridylyl(3'-5')uridine as a model of tRNA U-Turn Structure Having a Sharp BendMitsuo Sekine, Khoji Seio, Takeshi Wada, Kensaku Sakamoto, and Shigeyuki YokoyamaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 10, 4469–4470Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00089a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00089a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The Cleavage of DNA by Type-I DNA Topoisomerases (1984)

DNA topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the transient breakage of DNA backbone bonds and the passage of DNA strands through these transient enzyme-operated DNA gates (for reviews, see Champoux 1978; Wang and Liu 1979; Cozzarelli 1980; Gellert 1981a,b; Wang 1981, 1982a,b). Two mechanistically distinct classes of topoisomerases are known: (1) the type-I enzymes catalyze the breakage and rejoining of DNA strands one at a time and (2) the type-II enzymes catalyze the breakage and rejoining of both strands of double-stranded DNA in concert. The type-I enzymes require no energy cofactors such as ATP or NAD, whereas all known type-II enzymes are strongly ATP dependent.
A transducer for measuring force on surgical sutures. (2010)

The objective of this study was to validate, both in vitro and in an ex vivo model, a technique for the measurement of forces exerted on surgical sutures. For this purpose, a stainless steel E-type buckle force transducer was designed and constructed. A strain gauge was mounted on the central beam of the transducer to measure transducer deformation. The transducer was tested and calibrated on a single strand of surgical suture during cyclic loading. Further validation was performed using a previously published cadaveric model of laryngoplasty in the horse. Linear regression of transducer output with actual force during calibration tests resulted in mean R² values of 1.00, 0.99, and 0.99 for rising slope, falling slope, and overall slope, respectively. The R² was not less than 0.96 across an average of 75 cycles per test. The difference between rising slope and falling slope was 4%. Over 45 846 samples, the predicted force from transducer output showed a mean error of 4%. In vitro validation produced an adjusted R² of 0.99 when the force on the suture was regressed against translaryngeal pressure in a mixed-effects model. E-type buckle force transducers showed a highly linear output over a physiological force range when applied to surgical suture in vitro and in an ex vivo model of laryngoplasty. With appropriate calibration and short-term in vivo implantation, these transducers may advance our knowledge of the mechanisms of success and failure of techniques, such as laryngoplasty, that use structural suture implants.
Structural Basis of Transcription Activation: The CAP-αCTD-DNA Complex (2002)

The Escherichia coli catabolite activator protein (CAP) activates transcription at P(lac), P(gal), and other promoters through interactions with the RNA polymerase alpha subunit carboxyl-terminal domain (alphaCTD). We determined the crystal structure of the CAP-alphaCTD-DNA complex at a resolution of 3.1 angstroms. CAP makes direct protein-protein interactions with alphaCTD, and alphaCTD makes direct protein-DNA interactions with the DNA segment adjacent to the DNA site for CAP. There are no large-scale conformational changes in CAP and alphaCTD, and the interface between CAP and alphaCTD is small. These findings are consistent with the proposal that activation involves a simple "recruitment" mechanism.
Experiments on heat‐regenerative adsorption refrigerator and heat pump (1998)

A heat-regenerative adsorption refrigerator using spiral plate heat exchangers as adsorbers and an adsorption heat pump for air conditioning using plate fin heat exchangers as adsorbers have been developed and researched, experimental research results are shown. The activated carbon–methanol adsorption pair is used for the two adsorption systems, which yield a refrigeration power density of more than 2·6 kg ice per day per kg activated carbon and 150 W kg−1 activated carbon for air conditioning, respectively. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method for finding communities of related genes (2004)

We present a method for creating a network of gene co-occurrences from the literature and partitioning it into communities of related genes. The way in which our method identifies communities makes it likely that the component genes of each community will be related by their function. The method processes a large database of article abstracts, synthesizing information from many sources to shed light on groups of genes that have been shown to interact. It is a tool to be used by researchers in the biomedical sciences to swiftly search for known interactions and to provide insight into unexplored connections. The partitioning procedure is designed to be particularly applicable to large networks in which individual nodes may play a role in more than one community. In this paper, we explain the details of the method, in particular the partitioning process. We also apply the method to produce communities of genes related to colon cancer and show that the results are useful.
A_PSQA: PESQ-like non-intrusive tool for QoE prediction in VoIP services (2012)

Perceived speech quality, or Quality of Experience (QoE), is the key criteria for evaluating VoIP service. Most of the existing solutions are intrusive, in a sense where they require both the original and the transmitted audio sequences. These solutions give good estimation of the QoE, but they cannot be used in real-time. In fact, Service Provider and Network Provider are highly interested on automatic QoE estimation tool (without intrusion) in order to monitor and control the perceived quality of their VoIP service. In this paper, we present a new perceived speech quality estimation tool, named ALICANTE <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> Pseudo Subjective Quality Assessment (A_PSQA) for two widely VoIP codecs, iLBC and Speex. A_PSQA is a non-intrusive method, which relies on Random Neural Network (RNN) approach to learn the nonlinear relation between network parameters and the perceived user QoE. Furthermore, to avoid costly and time-consuming subjective tests, we used a well-known intrusive method ITU-T's Perceptual Evaluation Quality (PESQ) to estimate the MOS. Obtained results show that A_PSQA is able to estimate the MOS like PESQ, while being non-intrusive. Besides, A_PSQA's results are compared with two non-intrusive (IQX and E-Model) methods, where A_PSQA shows the highest correlation with PESQ estimation than all others methods.
The Canadian Picture: Managing the Conversion of Standards in Canada (1975)

This paper relates the Canadian experience in the establishment, through the Standards Council of Canada, of arrangements to provide standards expressed in SI on a nationally coordinated basis. Against a background of the general situation in Canada with respect to metric conversion, it describes the integration of the activities of the organizations concerned and delineates responsibilities for the conversion of standards. It provides a list of factors which influence a program for the conversion of standards and outlines a series of steps from first consideration through to the availability of standards expressed in SI. It contains an interim progress report which indicates that action toward conversion is still in an early stage; nevertheless, experience to date does highlight some observations of general application. A message in the conclusion begs for close attention.
A Parallel SystemC Environment: ArchSC (2009)

In domains of VLSI and the rising SoC, the system design exceedingly depends on the simulation and modeling. Conventional HDLs have some weakness including the extravagant precision and the slow speed. On the other hand, the system-level modeling, such as SystemC, has been widely used on all kinds of projects and achieved favorable results. When the target system scales excessively up, the simulation speed also drops to the most extern. So, it is very important to speed up by parallelizing the system-level modeling over HPC such as cluster. This paper introduces a novel parallel SystemC environment named ArchSC which is constructed on a large-scale system-level parallel simulation platform, ArchSim. The test results demonstrate that ArchSC has some advantages of high scalability, good generality and preferable acceleration performance.
A Remote Lock System Using Bluetooth Communication (2014)

As smartphones have recently become one of the most popular devices worldwide, various convenient applications are being released. Now smartphones not only provide the ordinary internal processes such as dialing or receiving phone calls, sending text messages, and doing mobile banking wherever we are, but they also are beginning to control various other devices that are part of our lives. Through the smartphone using mobile applications, we can remotely control a variety of external devices such as TVs, projectors for presentations, computers, and even cars. This paper presents the design and implementation of a remote lock system using wireless communications. The remote lock system is a lock system that can be controlled remotely by a dedicated Android application. The main function of the Android smartphone is equipped with Bluetooth so that a lock can be opened and managed via the application functions. The users' lock information in real time can be stored and managed in the database via a server that a server manager builds and manages. Even though users forget the password, our proposed lock system also guides them to find it easily, and provides the user's manual. Using this system, users can do a variety of management functions such as adding, deleting, modifying, and purchasing the user's own locks.
Photodissociation of Peroxynitric Acid in the Near-IR (2002)

Temperature-dependent near-IR photodissociation spectra were obtained for several vibrational overtone transitions of peroxynitric acid (HNO4) with a tunable OPO photolysis/OH laser-induced-fluorescence system. Band-integrated photodissociation cross-sections ( ∫σdiss), determined relative to that for the 3ν1 OH stretching overtone, were measured for three dissociative bands. Assuming unit quantum efficiency for photodissociation of 3ν1 we find 2ν1 + ν3 (8242 cm-1) = (1.21 × 10-20) (independent of temperature), 2ν1 (6900 cm-1) = 4.09 × 10-18 * e(-826.5/T) (295 K > T > 224 K), and ν1 + 2ν3 (6252 cm-1) = 1.87 × 10-19 * e(-1410.7/T) (278 K > T > 240 K) cm2 molecule-1 cm-1. The photodissociation cross-sections are independent of pressure over the range 2 to 40 Torr. Temperature-dependent quantum yields (φ) for these transitions were obtained using integrated absorption cross-sections (∫σabs) of HNO4 overtone vibrations measured with a FTIR spectrometer. In the atmosphere, photodissociation in the infrared is dominated by excitation of the first overtone of the OH stretching vibration (2ν1). Inclusion of all dissociative HNO4 overtone and combination transitions yields a daytime IR photolysis rate of approximately 1 × 10-5 s-1. This process significantly shortens the estimated lifetime of HNO4 in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.
Continuous Monitoring of A/B Tests without Pain: Optional Stopping in Bayesian Testing (2016)

A/B testing is one of the most successful applications of statistical theory in modern Internet age. One problem of Null Hypothesis Statistical Testing (NHST), the backbone of A/B testing methodology, is that experimenters are not allowed to continuously monitor the result and make decision in real time. Many people see this restriction as a setback against the trend in the technology toward real time data analytics. Recently, Bayesian Hypothesis Testing, which intuitively is more suitable for real time decision making, attracted growing interest as an alternative to NHST. While corrections of NHST for the continuous monitoring setting are well established in the existing literature and known in A/B testing community, the debate over the issue of whether continuous monitoring is a proper practice in Bayesian testing exists among both academic researchers and general practitioners. In this paper, we formally prove the validity of Bayesian testing with continuous monitoring when proper stopping rules are used, and illustrate the theoretical results with concrete simulation illustrations. We point out common bad practices where stopping rules are not proper and also compare our methodology to NHST corrections. General guidelines for researchers and practitioners are also provided.
Clinical microneedle injection of methyl nicotinate: stratum corneum penetration (2005)

The microneedles aid in bypassing the stratum corneum and enhance drug delivery through it. The design of the microneedle influences its delivery capabilities, because the pointed microneedles seem to be less susceptible to clogging during the injection.
Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Chromenes via Asymmetric Epoxidation: Synthesis of (+)-Teretifolione B (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic Resolution of Racemic Chromenes via Asymmetric Epoxidation: Synthesis of (+)-Teretifolione BSusan L. Vander Velde and Eric N. JacobsenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 17, 5380–5381Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00122a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00122a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views750Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: REDUCTION OF α,β‐ACETYLENIC KETONES TO (S)‐PROPARGYL ALCOHOLS OF HIGH ENANTIOMERIC PURITY (1982)

Abstract Der Benzylether (Ib) des Nopols (Ia) wird zum "NB‐Enantrane" (III) hydroboriert, mit dem die asymmetrische Reduktion der Acetylenketone (IV) zu den S‐Alkoholen (V) mit sehr hoher optischer Ausbeute gelingt.