gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Embra (1996)

This paper describes Embra, a simulator for the processors, caches, and memory systems of uniprocessors and cache-coherent multiprocessors. When running as part of the SimOS simulation environment, Embra models the processors of a MIPS R3000/R4000 machine faithfully enough to run a commercial operating system and arbitrary user applications. To achieve high simulation speed, Embra uses dynamic binary translation to generate code sequences which simulate the workload. It is the first machine simulator to use this technique. Embra can simulate real workloads such as multiprocess compiles and the SPEC92 benchmarks running on Silicon Graphic's IRIX 5.3 at speeds only 3 to 9 times slower than native execution of the workload, making Embra the fastest reported complete machine simulator. Dynamic binary translation also gives Embra the flexibility to dynamically control both the simulation statistics reported and the simulation model accuracy with low performance overheads. For example, Embra can customize its generated code to include a processor cache model which allows it to compute the cache misses and memory stall time of a workload. Customized code generation allows Embra to simulate a machine with caches at slowdowns of only a factor of 7 to 20. Most of the statistics generated at this speed match those produced by a slower reference simulator to within 1%. This paper describes the techniques used by Embra to achieve high performance, focusing on the requirements unique to machine simulation, including modeling the processor, memory management unit, and caches. In order to study Embra's memory system performance we use the SimOS simulation system to examine Embra itself. We present a detailed breakdown of Embra's memory system performance for two cache hierarchies to understand Embra's current performance and to show that Embra's implementation techniques benefit significantly from the larger cache hierarchies that are becoming available. Embra has been used for operating system development and testing as well as for studies of computer architecture. In this capacity it has simulated large, commercial workloads including IRIX running a relational database system and a CAD system for billions of simulated machine cycles.
Two complementary syntheses of symmetrically-tetrasubstituted cyclooctatetraenes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo complementary syntheses of symmetrically-tetrasubstituted cyclooctatetraenesThomas R. Boussie and Andrew StreitwieserCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 9, 2377–2380Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00061a007Request reuse permissionsArticle Views710Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (476 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> by Isothermal Ramification Amplification Method: a Feasibility Study (2002)

Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Effective screening for this agent can facilitate prompt treatment and prevent its sequelae. The recent introduction of liquid-based cytology has made possible the simultaneous screening of cervical intraepithelial lesions and detection of C. trachomatis in a single collection vial. In this study we determined whether cytological fluid could support DNA-based amplification for the detection of C. trachomatis. Three methods were compared, including ramification amplification (RAM), real-time PCR with molecular beacon, and Abbott's ligase chain reaction (LCx). RAM is a novel, recently introduced, isothermal DNA amplification technique that utilizes a circular probe for target detection and achieves exponential amplification through the mechanism of primer extension, strand displacement, and ramification. Our results show that RAM can detect as few as 10 C. trachomatis elementary bodies in less than 2 h, comparable to results with real-time PCR. Thirty clinical specimens collected in PreservCyt solution were tested by LCx, real-time PCR, and RAM. Among 30 specimens, 15 were positive by PCR and LCx and 14 were positive by RAM. One specimen missed by RAM had an inadequate amount of residual cellular material. Our results show that nucleic acid amplification methods can serve to detect C. trachomatis and presumably other sexually transmitted agents in cytological fluid and that the RAM assay can be an alternative to PCR and LCx because of its simplicity and isothermal amplification.
Effect of Hot Water Pretreatment Severity on the Degradation and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corn Stover (2010)

The effects of hot water pretreatment on the degradation and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover were studied. Nearly 100% cellulose recovery in the solid fraction was obtained when corn stover was pretreated at 170C to 210C for 3 to 10 min. The highest pretreatment severity of 4.239 (210C, 10 min) resulted in the highest solid solubilization (37.0%) and xylan solubilization (90.5%). At this severity, inhibitors such as acetic acid, furfural, and hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) also reached the highest levels of 7.1, 4.6, and 0.6 g L-1, respectively. When the pretreatment temperature was less than 190C, the furfural concentration was below 1.0 g L-1 and no significant levels of HMF were detected. Enzymatic hydrolysis results showed that increased glucose yields were obtained with increased pretreatment temperatures of corn stover. The highest glucose yield of 89.2% was obtained at the pretreatment severity of 3.716 (210C, 3 min). Due to the degradation of sugars, a glucose yield of 85.9% was obtained at the highest pretreatment severity of 4.239 (210C, 10 min).
Blanchetière (François) Herr (Moshe David), eds. Aux origines juives du christianisme (1995)

Löwy Michael. Blanchetière (François) Herr (Moshe David), eds. Aux origines juives du christianisme. In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions, n°90, 1995. pp. 74-75.
A Phase II Trial of the Double Epigenetic Priming Regimen Including Chidamide and Decitabine for Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2021)

https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier:NCT03985007.
Prophylactic systemic antifungal agents to prevent mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants (2013)

Prophylactic systemic antifungal therapy reduces the incidence of invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants. This finding should be interpreted and applied cautiously since the incidence of invasive fungal infection was very high in the control groups of most of the included trials. Meta-analysis does not demonstrate a statistically significant effect on mortality. There are currently only limited data on the long-term neurodevelopmental consequences for infants exposed to this intervention. In addition, there is a need for further data on the effect of the intervention on the emergence of organisms with antifungal resistance.
Predictive Value of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells and Serum Precipitins in Asymptomatic Dairy Farmers (1989)

In 1981 to 1982, we reported that many (19/43) asymptomatic dairy farmers, especially those with positive serum precipitins, had a lymphocytic alveolitis. We reevaluated, six and seven years later, 33 of the initial 43 farmers to verify their outcome. The restudied group included 31 men and 2 women between 24 and 67 years of age. In both studies, 24 were nonsmokers and 9 were exsmokers. Each farmer answered a questionnaire, had a physical examination, blood withdrawal for precipitin analysis, a chest roentgenogram, and pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory flows and diffusion capacity). At restudy, one subject had developed symptoms suggestive of sub-acute farmer's lung and now had inspiratory crackles; six had chronic morning cough and sputum production. Serum precipitins were positive in 10 subjects, whereas 16 had been positive at the initial study. Precipitins reverted from positive to negative in eight subjects and from negative to positive in six. Chest roentgenograms were normal in 23 subjects, while discrete interstitial abnormalities were noted in nine. One subject had significant pulmonary infiltrates. Results of current pulmonary function tests were (% predicted, mean +/- SEM) DL(CO) 114.8 +/- 3.0, FEV1 108.1 +/- 2.4, FVC 105.4 +/- 1.1. No correlations were found between these data and the lymphocytes or mast cells found in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at the initial study of 1981 and 1982. We conclude that bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts of asymptomatic farmers have no long-term clinical significance.
Plasma shocks and energetic particles in the outer solar system: Trapping and asymmetry observations from Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 (1982)

Energetic protons (0.5–20 MeV) appear to be trapped between a pair of shocks associated with the major solar flares of April 15 and April 28, 1978. Prolonged trapping (for a period of weeks) is implied by the large count rate enhancement and the large range of radial distances and longitudinal angles over which the trapping is observed. Shocks associated with both flares are detectable in the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 plasma analyzer data. These shock/flare associations are different from those previously published by others studying the interplanetary events. The evidence for trapping has not been recognized heretofore most likely because of the unobservability of the April 15 flare (located ∼150°E of the sun‐earth line) and of the faintness of the signature in the plasma data of one shock in each pair. The apparent ability of a shock whose plasma signature is extremely weak to confine MeV protons in the outer solar system may have significant implications for cosmic ray studies. Contrary to earlier analyses of these data, the results of our analyses also imply significant azimuthal asymmetry in plasma and energetic particle behavior even at distances as far as 16 AU from the sun. The combination of these observations provides evidence for unexpectedly complex interactions in the outer solar system between energetic particles and solar wind plasma.
A Soft-Touch Surface Designed for Scratch-Free Motion-Picture Film Processing (1970)

A “soft-touch” surface is used on the film-bearing portion of processing rollers in order to accomplish motion-picture film processing with a minimum of process-attributable damage. The need for this development has come from the increased use of multirank 35mm and 16mm films such as 35/32, 35/S8 and 16/S8, the desire to process both 16mm and 35mm films in the same machine, and an increasing concern with soundtrack quality. Conventional processing spools cause edge abrasions or scratches. In the past this edge damage has not been a major problem, since it was outside the normal 35mm or 16mm picture area. The same degree of edge damage on many of the present multirank films would render a high percentage of the processed film unusable. — A multifingered rubber-like soft tire is placed on a flat spool, creating a uniform film-support surface consisting of many soft, flexible fingers. This fingered surface also provides support over the entire width of the film, thereby distributing machine tension and minimizing in-process fluting. These tires may be used to process any 35mm or 16mm format film, perforated or unperforated, in the same machine without physical damage or costly changeovers. U.S. Patent No. 3,493,161, assigned to the Eastman Kodak Co., has been granted on the tire described in this paper.
Stability and Viscoelasticity of Magneto-Pickering Foams (2013)

We have developed a new class of bistable Pickering foams, which can remain intact for weeks at room temperature but can be destroyed rapidly and on-demand with the use of a magnetic field. Such responsive foam systems can find application in various industrial and environmental processes that require controlled defoaming. These foams are stabilized by particles of hypromellose phthalate (HP-55) and contain oleic acid-coated carbonyl iron particles embedded in the HP-55 matrix. The complex behavior of these foams arises from several factors: a robust anisotropic particle matrix, the capacity to retain a high amount of water, as well as an age-dependent response to an external field. We report how the structure and viscoelastic properties of the foams change with time and affect their collapse characteristics. The evolution of foam properties is quantified by measuring the rate of liquid drainage from the foam as well as the rate of bubble growth in the foam with respect to time elapsed (in the absence of a magnetic field). We also evaluate the time necessary for foam collapse in magnetic fields as a function of magnetic particle content. A decreasing liquid volume fraction in the foam during aging leads to an increase in the elasticity and rigidity of the foam structure. These data allow us to identify a transition time separating two distinct stages of foam development in the absence of field. We propose different mechanisms which control foam collapse for each stage in a magnetic field. The stiffening of foam films between air bubbles with age plays a key role in distinguishing between the two destabilization regimes.
Opsonophagocytic Assay (2013)

The opsonophagocytic killing (OPK) assay is used as a correlate for protection to measure the functional capacities of vaccine-candidate-raised antibodies. This in vitro assay aids selecting promising vaccines by demonstrating whether the vaccine-induced antibodies drive efficient complement deposition and subsequent opsonophagocytic killing. Here, we describe two protocols for an OPK assay using either human-derived PMNs or cultured HL-60 cells.
Conversational Emotion Analysis via Attention Mechanisms (2019)

Different from the emotion recognition in individual utterances, we propose a multimodal learning framework using relation and dependencies among the utterances for conversational emotion analysis. The attention mechanism is applied to the fusion of the acoustic and lexical features. Then these fusion representations are fed into the self-attention based bi-directional gated recurrent unit (GRU) layer to capture long-term contextual information. To imitate real interaction patterns of different speakers, speaker embeddings are also utilized as additional inputs to distinguish the speaker identities during conversational dialogs. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct experiments on the IEMOCAP database. Experimental results demonstrate that our method shows absolute 2.42% performance improvement over the state-of-the-art strategies.
Nepal - Biogas Program Project : environmental management plan (2005)

The Biomass Program Project in Nepal seeks to reduce global emissions of carbon dioxide, and to increase access to modern households, of cooking fuel renewable energy sources. The Integrated Environment Impact study quantifies as possible, the impacts of project implementation, resulting from the installation, and use of biogas for cooking, and lighting to a certain extent, and, serves as the basis for providing recommendations. It reviews key issues, such as health and sanitation aspects, diseases due to smoke, and possible gas leakage, among others. Furthermore, land use and related livestock issues, such as kitchen gardening, fodder production, and water consumption were also analyzed. In addition, the utilization of bio-slurry to substitute a part of fish meal, and to reduce insect, pest and weed infestations in crops has been examined, and the report strongly recommends a systematic research, based on properly designed procedures to be conducted in this regard. This environmental management plan provides the following mitigation measures: provision of siphons, as a low cost mosquito control device to farmers, including related training materials for a clean environment; advisory services to farmers for adequate connection of toilets, and latrines, to improve sanitation; training provision on the handling of sludge (and hand washing) to avoid, or minimize worm, protozoa and pathogenic bacteria (i.e., Salmonella, E Colfiform, etc.); adequate installation of pipes, through training instruction, followed by regular inspections; and, adequate training to farmers concerning food intake, as a measure to prevent diseases related to water sources, and mixtures from cow dung for bio-digestion feeding.
Perceptions of service quality in healthcare: What's fun got to do with it? (2009)

While incorporating fun into healthcare work environments to improve productivity, employee satisfaction, and patient satisfaction has been gaining attention since the release of the popular Fish! books (e.g., Lundin, Christensen, Paul, & Strand, 2002), no empirical research has been conducted examining customer/client reactions to witnessing the use of such fun activities. Using a 2 X 2 X 2 experimental scenario-based study, this research evaluated the impact of three independent variables (attentiveness to the customer, customer waiting time, and level of fun) on the dependent variables of perceived service quality and intent to return, refer, and complain.
Riboflavin photosensitized hemolysis of rat erythrocytes in the presence of serum. (1982)

Rat erythrocytes incubated in photoactivated riboflavin system in the presence of serum caused a rapid hemolysis. During the course of illumination, a marked efflux of intracellular K+, increase in osmotic fragility and promotion of lipid peroxidation of the cell occurred prior to hemolysis indicating that riboflavin-induced photohemolysis is colloidosmotic process. In the absence of serum, however, no hemolysis was observed at any time of incubation, suggesting that membrane damages are enhanced by the illumination in the presence of serum. Furthermore, the illumination of cells in the photoactivated riboflavin system in the presence of serum under continued anaerobic conditions did not exhibit any significant hemolysis. These results indicate that the photohemolysis of cells is due to oxidative damages of cell membrane that initiated the hemolysis. Singlet oxygen (1O2) scavengers employed in this study strongly inhibited the photohemolysis, suggesting that cells are damaged oxidatively by 1O2 generated in photoactivated riboflavin system in the presence of serum. Furthermore, triplet quenchers and alpha-tocopherol suppressed this photohemolysis. A reference was made concerning a possible adverse effect of riboflavin on infant erythrocytes in phototherapy.
Shell Games: The Continuing Legacy of Rights to Minerals and Water on Spanish and Mexican Land Grants in the Southwest (1992)

This paper explores generally this paradoxical approach to mineral and water rights on confirmed Spanish and Mexican land grants. The analysis treats mineral and water rights separately. For each critical land grant resource, the paper explicates basic law of the Southwest's antecedent sovereigns. It then suggests how those Spanish and Mexican rights fit within the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo guarantee of protection of "property rights." It proceeds to analyze how the United States implemented those guarantees, suggesting that the treatment of the succeeding sovereign owed more to its own law than it did to the law of the antecedent sovereigns. Each section concludes with an analysis of the very different problems that the contradictory handling of mineral and water resources have left to the Southwest today. Finally, the paper ends considering mineral and water resources together and suggesting the continuing land grant legacy." Symposium cosponsored by Continuing Legal Education, The Natural Resources Section and the International & Immigration Law Section of the State Bar of New Mexico, The UNM School of Law, and The International Transboundary Resources Center
Increased capacity for sucrose uptake leads to earlier onset of protein accumulation in developing pea seeds (2005)

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) cotyledons, overexpressing a potato sucrose transporter (StSUT1), were used to explore the hypothesis that sucrose stimulates the onset of storage protein biosynthesis. The study focused on the transition between pre-storage and storage phases of seed development. During this period supply of sucrose and hexose to transgenic cotyledons was unaffected by StSUT1 expression. However, protoplasmic levels of sucrose but not hexoses were elevated in transgenic cotyledons. Total protein levels in cotyledons followed the same temporal trend as observed for sucrose and this was reflected in an earlier appearance of protein bodies. Protein levels in wild type and StSUT1 cotyledons were found to lie on the same sucrose dose-response curve and this could be reproduced in vitro when wild type cotyledons were cultured on media containing various sucrose concentrations. Rates of [<sup>14</sup>C]sucrose uptake and incorporation into polymeric forms were consistent with protoplasmic sucrose supplying a proportion of the carbon skeletons required for storage protein accumulation. In addition, vicilin gene expression was up-regulated earlier in StSUT1 cotyledons. We conclude that sucrose functions both as a signal and fuel to stimulate storage protein accumulation and assembly into protein bodies. An earlier stimulation of storage protein synthesis is considered to largely account for the 14% increase in protein levels of StSUT1 seeds at harvest.
Optimal Interfacial Engineering with Different Length of Alkylammonium Halide for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Abstract Recently, two‐dimensional (2D) structure on three‐dimensional (3D) perovskites (graded 2D/3D) has been reported to be effective in significantly improving both efficiency and stability. However, the electrical properties of the 2D structure as a passivation layer on the 3D perovskite thin film and resistance to the penetration of moisture may vary depending on the length of the alkyl chain. In addition, the surface defects of the 2D itself on the 3D layer may also be affected by the correlation between the 2D structure and the hole conductive material. Therefore, systematic interfacial study with the alkyl chain length of long‐chained alkylammonium iodide forming a 2D structure is necessary. Herein, the 2D interfacial layers formed are compared with butylammonium iodide (BAI), octylammonium iodide (OAI), and dodecylammonium iodide (DAI) iodide on a 3D (FAPbI 3 ) 0.95 (MAPbBr 3 ) 0.05 perovskite thin film in terms of the PCE and humidity stability. As the length of the alkyl chain increased from BA to OA to DA, the electron‐blocking ability and humidity resistance increase significantly, but the difference between OA and DA is not large. The PSC post‐treated with OAI has slightly higher PCE than those treated with BAI and DAI, achieving a certified stabilized efficiency of 22.9%.