gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensory determinants of thermal pain (2002)

It is still unclear whether the quality of painful thermal sensation is determined only by conduction in specific, dedicated nociceptive channels (i.e. C or Adelta nociceptors) or whether it is a result of integrated activity in both nociceptive and non-nociceptive systems. To evaluate this question, we conducted quantitative and qualitative somatosensory testing in spinal cord injury subjects who suffered from partial or complete loss of thermal sensibility. Testing was performed in skin areas, below the level of the lesion, which were either lacking any thermal sensibility, lacking only one thermal sensation (either heat or cold) or having normal thermal sensations. We found that, in areas lacking any thermal sensibility, warm and cold stimuli produced a sensation of pricking pain, which had no thermal quality and was detected at significantly higher thresholds than in normal controls (48.5 +/- 1.8 and 9.7 +/- 5.1 degrees C for noxious heat- and noxious cold-induced pricking pain, respectively). Normal thermal pain sensations, consisting of normal perception of thermal quality and normal mean pain thresholds, were present both in normal skin areas (42.1 +/- 1.9 and 27.6 +/- 2.25 degrees C for heat and cold pain, respectively) and in areas in which only one thermal modality remained intact, when tested for that modality. Thus, testing for heat pain in areas in which only warm sensation was intact, or cold pain when only cold was intact produced normal qualities and thresholds of pain (42.8 +/- 3.4 and 24.4 +/- 6.2 degrees C for heat and cold pain, respectively). No spatial summation of pricking pain was observed, in contrast to the marked summation of heat pain in normal areas. In areas with only a single intact thermal modality, the quality of the perceived non-painful sensation was not determined by the thermal stimulus but by the intact modality (paradoxical sensation). Cold stimuli were perceived as warm in areas in which only warm sensation was preserved, and vice versa. A similar pattern was also seen for pain perception in areas with intact warm sensation. In these areas, both noxious heat and cold elicited a sensation of heat pain. No consistent pattern of heat-elicited pain was observed in areas in which only cold sensation was intact. These data suggest that the integrity of non-noxious thermal systems is essential for the normal perception of thermal pain, and that the subjective sensation of pain depends on the integration of information from nociceptive and non-nociceptive channels.
A Distribuição de Renda no Brasil Durante a Década de Sessenta: Uma Nota Crítica ao Artigo de Morley e Williamson (1976)

\nO recente artigo de S.A. Morley e J .G- Williamson conseguiu re ab rir o debate público no Brasil sobre a direção e as causas das mudanças na distribuição da renda pessoal entre 1960 e 1970. O objetivo desta nota é domonstrar que as conclusões a que Morley e Williamson chegaram, quanto a direção e causas das mudanças distributivas recentes, são baseadas em um uso totalmente erróneo da evidência estatística disponível e em uma abordagem metodológica incorreta.\n
An O(log/sup 2/ N) parallel algorithm for output queuing (2003)

Output queued switches are appealing because they have better latency and throughput than input queued switches. However, they are difficult to build: a direct implementation of an N/spl times/N output-queued switch requires the switching fabric and the packet memories at the outputs to run at N times the line rate. Attempts have been made to implement output queuing with slow components, e.g., by having memories at both inputs and outputs running at twice the line rate. In these approaches, even though the packet memory speed is reduced, the scheduler time complexity is high - at least /spl Omega/(N). We show that idealized output queuing can be simulated in a shared memory architecture with (3N-2) packet memories running at the line rate, using a scheduling algorithm whose time complexity is O(log/sup 2/ N) on a parallel random access machine (PRAM). The number of processing elements and memory cells used by the PRAM are a small multiple of the size of the idealized switch.
Vascular Leakage in the Kidney and Lower Urinary Tract: Effects of Histamine, Serotonin and Bradykinin (1972)

Histamine, serotonin, brady-kinin and the mast cell damaging enzyme, horseradish peroxidase, when delivered to the kidney by various routes, failed to cause venular leakage of intravenously injected colloidal carbon within the renal parenchyma. This finding was accompanied by typical venular leakage in the peripelvic, periureteral and pericystic fat and submucosa. Failure of parenchymal renal vessels to respond to vasoactive substances is probably the result of some functional or structural peculiarity of the renal microvasculature.
THE ALKYLATION OF PRIMARY AMINES WITH ALUMINUM ALKOXIDES TO GIVE SECONDARY AMINES FREE FROM TERTIARY AMINES (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE ALKYLATION OF PRIMARY AMINES WITH ALUMINUM ALKOXIDES TO GIVE SECONDARY AMINES FREE FROM TERTIARY AMINESWilbur A. Lazier and Homer AdkinsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 3, 741–746Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1924Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1924https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01668a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01668a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new approach to prepare highly active and stable black titania for visible light-assisted hydrogen production (2015)

A highly active nano black TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst with Pt as a co-catalyst for visible light-assisted hydrogen production from methanol–water is prepared by controlled magnesiothermic treatment in a H<sub>2</sub>/Ar atmosphere.
Enhanced intranet management in a DHCP-enabled environment (2003)

The DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) is widely deployed in resource allocation and intranet management. However the DHCP mechanism is not mandatory and the DHCP server can neither force DHCP clients to release their leases, nor enforce cooperation from externally configured hosts that are DHCP-unaware. Although new DHCP options such as DHCP reconfigure extension have been proposed, the basic problems inherent in DHCP mechanism cannot be solved without first strengthening its operations. In the paper a DHCP-based infrastructure for intranet management is proposed by combining the resource allocation functions of the DHCP server with the packet filtering features of MAC (Medium Access Control) bridges such as Ethernet switches and wireless access points. DHCP clients and DHCP-unaware hosts that do not abide by the DHCP mechanism or our management policy will be denied network accesses by MAC bridges. Resource allocation and access control can be integrated and local configuration conflicts can be reduced to the minimum.
Temporal triggers in active databases (1995)

In this paper we propose two languages, called Future Temporal Logic (FTL) and Past Temporal Logic (PTL), for specifying temporal triggers. Some examples of trigger conditions that can be specified in our language are the following: "The value of a certain attribute increases by more than 10% in 10 minutes," "A tuple that satisfies a certain predicate is added to the database at least 10 minutes before another tuple, satisfying a different condition, is added to the database." Such triggers are important for monitor and control applications. In addition to the languages, we present algorithms for processing the trigger conditions specified in these languages, namely, procedures for determining when the trigger conditions are satisfied. These methods can be added as a "temporal" component to an existing database management systems. A preliminary prototype of the temporal component that uses the FTL language has been built on top of Sybase running on SUN workstations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Residual image coding using mathematical morphology (2002)

A new method for the extraction, selection and coding of perceptually significant image components in a video sequence is presented. It has been applied to the coding residues of a segmentation-based multilevel coding scheme in order to show the need for a careful perceptual selection in very low bit-rate video coding applications. Mathematical morphology operators are used for the extraction and selection steps of the proposed algorithm. The locations of the selected image components are then efficiently coded with a positional coder using prediction in the temporal dimension. The results show that for coding rates lower than 10 kbit/s, perceptual selection becomes a critical issue in order to achieve a good coding rendition. At higher rates, the fact of considering perceptual factors also leads to higher compression for similar subjective image quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Towards new model systems for the study of proton-coupled electron transfer (2009)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2009.
[Mathematical analysis in the prognostic determination of survivorship in patients with urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract]. (1997)

Mathematical analysis of the probable five-year survivorship is performed in patients operated on for neoplasms involving the urothelium lining the upper urinary tracts. The prognosis groups thus obtained are compared with the results of 5- to 10-year-long observation on the postoperative survival in fourty-one patients. It is established that the anticipated survivorship is determined with a high-degree probability by resorting to the mathematical method described.
INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS ON SCHOOL PERFORMANCE OF ABORIGINAL CHILDREN (1975)

A group of Australian Aboriginal school children living on an isolated settlement was investigated to find the relationships between nutrition, personal hygiene, hearing, the Goodenough-Harris Draw-a-Man Test, and school performance. The scores on the Draw-a-Man Test were close to normal levels, anthropometric tests of nutrition showed evidence suggesting undernutrition, and personal hygiene was poor. The results of the Draw-a-Man Test did not relate to any other variable, but the school performance was related to anthropometric status, personal hygiene, and absences from school.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF VINYLLITHIUM (1975)

Abstract Bei ‐34°C in Tetrahydrofuran verläuft die Herstellung von Vinyllithium (II) aus Vinylchlorid in bis zu 78%iger Ausbeute, wenn dem Metall 1% Natrium beigemischt ′ wird.
Electronic structure of ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, and their pseudobinary alloys (1987)

Using the all-electron mixed-basis approach to the density-functional formalism for crystals, we calculate from first principles the electronic structure of zinc-blende ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe as well as that of their ordered pseudobinary alloys ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{2}$SSe, ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{2}$SeTe, and ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{2}$STe. For the latter we use as a model a CuAu I-like structure (space group $P\overline{4}m2$), and analyze the observed optical bowing in terms of three contributions: (i) a volume deformation of the band structure due to the replacement of the lattice constants of the binary constituents by that of the alloy, (ii) a chemical-electronegativity contribution due to charge exchange in the alloy relative to its constituent binary subsystems, and (iii) a structural contribution due to the relaxation of the anion-cation bond lengths in the alloy. The total bowing effect [the sum of (i)-(iii) above] agrees well with observations, yet the present analysis suggests a physical mechanism for optical bowing which differs profoundly from that offered by the popular virtual-crystal approach. The maximum contribution of disorder to the optical bowing is calculated for $\mathrm{Zn}{\mathrm{S}}_{x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ using a cluster-averaging method, resulting in a reduction in the bowing of the fundamental gap. We further discuss the band structures, x-ray scattering factors, charge distribution, and deformation potentials of the binary zinc chalcogenides and their ordered alloys.
The role of <scp>C</scp><sub>4</sub> metabolism in the marine diatom <i><scp>P</scp>haeodactylum tricornutum</i> (2012)

Diatoms are important players in the global carbon cycle. Their apparent photosynthetic affinity for ambient CO(2) is much higher than that of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), indicating that a CO(2)-concentrating mechanism (CCM) is functioning. However, the nature of the CCM, a biophysical or a biochemical C(4), remains elusive. Although (14)C labeling experiments and presence of complete sets of genes for C(4) metabolism in two diatoms supported the presence of C(4), other data and predicted localization of the decarboxylating enzymes, away from Rubisco, makes this unlikely. We used RNA-interference to silence the single gene encoding pyruvate-orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) in Phaeodactylum tricornutum, essential for C(4) metabolism, and examined the photosynthetic characteristics. The mutants possess much lower ppdk transcript and PPDK activity but the photosynthetic K(1/2) (CO(2)) was hardly affected, thus clearly indicating that the C(4) route does not serve the purpose of raising the CO(2) concentration in close proximity of Rubisco in P. tricornutum. The photosynthetic V(max) was slightly reduced in the mutant, possibly reflecting a metabolic constraint that also resulted in a larger lipid accumulation. We propose that the C(4) metabolism does not function in net CO(2) fixation but helps the cells to dissipate excess light energy and in pH homeostasis.
Regulation of the mouse alpha A-crystallin gene: isolation of a cDNA encoding a protein that binds to a cis sequence motif shared with the major histocompatibility complex class I gene and other genes. (1990)

We have shown by site-directed mutagenesis that the sequence between positions -69 and -40 of the mouse alpha A-crystallin gene is crucial for tissue-specific gene expression in a transfected mouse lens epithelial cell line transformed with the early region of simian virus 40. Gel retardation experiments with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides revealed a mouse lens nuclear protein which bound specifically to the palindromic sequence 5'-GGGAAATCCC-3' at positions -66 to -57 in the alpha A-crystallin promoter. By screening a bacteriophage lambda gt11 expression library of the transformed lens cells, we isolated a 2.5-kilobase-pair cDNA encoding a fusion protein which bound to this sequence and to the regulatory element of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene. This cDNA hybridized to a 10-kilobase-pair polyadenylated RNA present in many different tissues, including lens. It encoded a protein, tentatively called alpha A-CRYBP1, containing at least two zinc fingers. alpha A-CRYBP1 is either homologous or very similar to the human nuclear proteins MBP-1 (Baldwin et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1406-1414, 1990), PRDII-BFI (Fan and Maniatis, Genes Dev. 4:29-42, 1990), and HIV-EP1 (Maekawa et al., J. Biol. Chem. 264:14591-14593, 1989), which bind to regulatory elements of the MHC class I, beta interferon, and human immunodeficiency virus genes, respectively. Our results suggest that the lens-specific alpha A-crystallin, MHC class I, beta interferon and other genes have a similar cis-acting DNA regulatory motif that shares alpha A-CRYBPI, MBP-1, PRDII-BF1, HIV-EP1, or other closely related proteins as trans-acting factors.
Frequency of micronucleus in oral epithelial cells after exposure to mate-tea in healthy humans (2014)

The proposed technique simplification showed to be reliable, without losses when compared to the conventional technique and with the advantage of eliminate toxic substances, becoming simple and practical tool for research in dentistry. The acute exposure to mate tea did not induce an increase of FMic in exfoliated buccal cells of healthy nondrinkers and nonsmokers subjects and may not have genotoxic effect. More human studies are needed before a conclusion can be made on the oral carcinogenic risk of mate tea to humans.
Strategic petroleum reserve (SPR): oil-storage cavern, Sulphur Mines 6 certification tests and analysis. [Louisiana] (1982)

Well leak tests and a cavern pressure test were conducted in June and July 1981 and indicated that oil leakage from the cavern is unlikely to exceed the DOE criterion if oil is stored at near atmospheric wellhead brine pressures and higher pressures are only used for short periods of oil fill and withdrawal. The data indicate that cavern structural failure during oil storage is unlikely and that there was no leakage from cavern 6 to the adjacent cavern 7. Because of the proximity of cavern 6 to cavern 7, it is recommended that a similar type of oil be stored in these two caverns.
Growth Factors Polymerized Within Fibrin Hydrogel Promote Amylase Production in Parotid Cells (2013)

Salivary gland cell differentiation has been a recurring challenge for researchers as primary salivary cells show a loss of phenotype in culture. Particularly, parotid cells show a marked decrease in amylase expression, the loss of tight junction organization and proper cell function. Previously, Matrigel has been used successfully as an extracellular matrix; however, it is not practical for in vivo applications as it is tumorigenic. An alternative method could rely on the use of fibrin hydrogel (FH), which has been used extensively in biomedical engineering applications ranging from cardiovascular tissue engineering to wound-healing experiments. Although several groups have examined the effects of a three-dimensional (3D) environment on salivary cell cultures, little is known about the effects of FH on salivary cell cultures. The current study developed a 3D cell culture model to support parotid gland cell differentiation using a combination of FH and growth factor-reduced Matrigel (GFR-MG). Furthermore, FH polymerized with a combination of EGF and IGF-1 induced formation of 3D spheroids capable of amylase expression and an agonist-induced increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in salivary cells. These studies represent an initial step toward the construction of an artificial salivary gland to restore salivary gland dysfunction. This is necessary to reduce xerostomia in patients with compromised salivary function.
Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Rare Earth-Transition Metal Alloy Films (1985)

Changes in the average magnetic moment in sputtered Fe-Co film accompanying substitution of Co for Fe and the addition of Bi are reported. Average magnetic moments μTM were calculated from measured values of the saturation magnetization at 4.2 K. The dependences of μTM on the Co concentration y in Gd-Fe-Co-Bi, Gd-Fe-Co and Tb-Fe-Co films are described. Magnetic moments of individual atoms in the systems are estimated. For both Tb-Fe-Co and Gd-Fe-Co films with small Co contents (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3), the μTM was essentially constant at 1.9 μB.
Bioengineering of crop plants and resistant biotype evolution in insects: Counteracting coevolution (1991)

Abstract The use, as opposed to the procurement, of transgenic crop plants is discussed in this paper. Transgenic crop plants must not be used until appropriate strategies for their use have been designed and not before crop plants with a variety of insect defenses have been developed. The use of a crop plant with a single defense will pose as strong a selection pressure as the use of a single synthetic insecticide, since insect herbivores are able to evolve effective counter‐defenses. The defenses of insects in natural plant‐insect associations and with regard to synthetic insecticides are described to demonstrate that there is nothing unique about insecticide resistance. It is the inevitable alternative to local extinction in response to a persistent and predictable selection pressure. Plants counteract insect defensive evolution by keeping the selection pressure as variable as possible. This leads to the conclusion that the best use of biotechnology in crop protection is to reintroduce chemical diversity into crop plants.
The Realization of Search-Function In Select-Class-System (2005)

This paper introduces basic method of development DBMS in.NET framework,and presents a realization of search-func- tion in Student Select class manage system.
Liquid Chromatography, 3. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (2011)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. History 2. Theoretical Background 3. SFC Compared to GC and LC 4. Equipment 4.1. Pumps 4.2. Oven 4.3. Sample Introduction 4.4. Detectors 4.5. Restrictors 5. Packed‐Column SFC (pc‐SFC) and Capillary SFC (c‐SFC) 5.1. Capillary SFC (c‐SFC) 5.2. Packed‐Column SFC (pc‐SFC) 6. Applications
Sharing metadata: enabling online information provision (1999)

New teaching and new educational methods, in particular online learning, are now reality. In this context, libraries will increasingly be the mediators to digital as well as physical objects. Explores the question of metadata and collaborative cataloguing activities and how these might impact on the libraries of the future.
Cryptographic Checksums for Multilevel Database Security (1984)

The 1982 ilr Force Summer Study on Multilevel Data Management Security recommended several approaches to designing a multilevel secure database system. One of the approaches uses an untrusted database system to manage the data, and an isolated trusted filter to enforce security.The filter attaches a security classification label to each data record, computes an unforgeable cryptographic checksum over the record (including the label), and stores the checksum in the database.The checksum protects against modification to the data and its classification label.This paper discusses the implementation, security, and limitations of the approach.