gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell Cycle Status Affects Coxsackievirus Replication, Persistence, and Reactivation In Vitro (2002)

Enteroviral persistence has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic human diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathy, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammatory myopathy. However, these viruses are considered highly cytolytic, and it is unclear what mechanisms might permit their long-term survival. Here, we describe the generation of a recombinant coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), which we used to mark and track infected cells in vitro. Following exposure of quiescent tissue culture cells to either wild-type CVB3 or eGFP-CVB3, virus production was very limited but increased dramatically after cells were permitted to divide. Studies with cell cycle inhibitors revealed that cells arrested at the G(1) or G(1)/S phase could express high levels of viral polyprotein and produced abundant infectious virus. In contrast, both protein expression and virus yield were markedly reduced in quiescent cells (i.e., cells in G(0)) and in cells blocked at the G(2)/M phase. Following infection with eGFP-CVB3, quiescent cells retained viral RNA for several days in the absence of infectious virus production. Furthermore, RNA extracted from nonproductive quiescent cells was infectious when transfected into dividing cells, indicating that CVB3 appears to be capable of establishing a latent infection in G(0) cells, at least in tissue culture. Finally, wounding of infected quiescent cells resulted in viral protein expression limited to cells in and adjacent to the lesion. We suggest that (i) cell cycle status determines the distribution of CVB3 during acute infection and (ii) the persistence of CVB3 in vivo may rely on infection of quiescent (G(0)) cells incapable of supporting viral replication; a subsequent change in the cell cycle status may lead to virus reactivation, triggering chronic viral and/or immune-mediated pathology in the host.
Choosing the right graph (2002)

When it comes to graphing data, most professionals show little method or creativity. They typically limit themselves to a small repertoire of graph types and select from it on the basis of habit, if not sheer ease of production. Similarly, the many books on graphing devote much attention to graphical integrity and readability, but little or none to graph selection. We developed a methodology to help engineers, scientists, and managers choose the "right graph" on the basis of three criteria: the structure of the data set in terms of number and type of variables, the intended use of the graph, and the research question or intended message. The first and third criteria allow one to construct an effective two-entry selection table.
Large Tunneling Magnetoresistance in GaMnAs<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>/</mml:mi></mml:math>AlAs<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>/</mml:mi></mml:math>GaMnAs Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Tunnel Junctions (2001)

We have observed very large tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in epitaxially grown ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{x}\mathrm{As}/\mathrm{AlAs}/{\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{x}\mathrm{As}$ ferromagnetic semiconductor tunnel junctions. Large TMR ratios more than $70%$ (maximum $75%$) were obtained in junctions with a very thin ( $\ensuremath{\le}1.6\mathrm{nm}$) AlAs tunnel barrier when the magnetic field was applied along the $[100]$ axis in the film plane. The TMR was found to rapidly decrease with increasing barrier thickness, which is explained by calculations assuming that the parallel wave vector of carriers is conserved in tunneling.
Melanosome transfer to and translocation in the keratinocyte (2003)

Complexion coloration in humans is primarily regulated by the amount and type of melanin synthesized by the epidermal melanocyte. However, additional and equally contributing factors consist of (1) efficient transfer of melanin from the melanocytes to the neighboring keratinocytes and (2) distribution and degradation of the transferred melanosomes by the recipient keratinocytes. Once synthesized in the cell body of the epidermal melanocyte, pigmented melanosomes are translocated down the dendrites and captured at the dendritic tips via various cytoskeletal elements. Molecules recently identified that participate in this process consist of Rab27a, myosin-Va and melanophilin. Eventually, these peripherally localized melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes by a presently undefined mechanism. The protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) and unidentified surface lectins and glycoproteins facilitate this transfer process. Once incorporated into the keratinocytes, melanosomes are distributed individually or as clusters, aggregated towards the apical pole of the nucleus, and degraded as the keratinocytes undergo terminal differentiation and desquamation. Ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) can modulate the process of melanosome transfer from the melanocytes to the keratinocytes. UVR can upregulate expression of PAR-2 and lectin-binding receptors and increase phagocytic activity of cultured keratinocytes. Therefore, many cellular and molecular events that occur after melanogenesis contribute to skin color.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia: Laboratory diagnosis and monitoring (2001)

Rapid developments have occurred both in laboratory medicine and in therapeutic interventions for the management of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). With a wide array of laboratory tests available, selecting the appropriate test for a specific diagnostic or therapeutic setting has become increasingly difficult. In this review, we first discuss, from the point of view of laboratory medicine, the advantages and disadvantages of several commonly used laboratory assays, including cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and qualitative and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We then discuss, from the point of view of clinical care, the test(s) of choice for the most common clinical scenarios, including diagnosis and monitoring of the therapeutic response and minimal residual disease in patients treated with different therapies. The purpose of this review is to help clinicians and laboratory physicians select appropriate tests for the diagnosis and monitoring of CML, with the ultimate goal of improving the cost-effective usage of clinical laboratories and improving patient care.
Deep neural network based acoustic model parameter reduction using manifold regularized low rank matrix factorization (2016)

In this paper, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) model parameter reduction based on manifold regularized low rank matrix factorization to reduce the computational complexity of acoustic model for low resource embedded devices. One of the most common DNN model parameter reduction techniques is truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD). TSVD reduces the number of parameters by approximating a target matrix with a low rank one in terms of minimizing the Euclidean norm. In this work, we questioned whether the Euclidean norm is appropriate as objective function to factorize DNN matrices because DNN is known to learn nonlinear manifold of acoustic features. Therefore, in order to exploit the manifold structure for robust parameter reduction, we propose manifold regularized matrix factorization approach. The proposed method was evaluated on TIMIT phone recognition domain.
A sub-1V nanowatt CMOS bandgap voltage reference with temperature coefficient of 13ppm/&#x00B0;C (2015)

In this work, a fully-MOSFET nanowatt bandgap voltage reference (BVR) is presented. Biased in weak-inversion region, self-cascade composite transistors have been used in the proposed BVR. The circuit has been designed and simulated in 0.18-μm standard CMOS technology. The simulation results show that the proposed BVR circuit generates a reference voltage of 630mV, obtaining temperature coefficient of 13 ppm/°C in the temperature range of -25°C to 110°C. The circuit draws 18nA from a 0.9-V supply.
Quantum Speedup by Quantum Annealing (2012)

We study the glued-trees problem from A. M. Childs, R. Cleve, E. Deotto, E. Farhi, S. Gutmann, and D. Spielman, in Proceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (ACM, San Diego, CA, 2003), p. 59. in the adiabatic model of quantum computing and provide an annealing schedule to solve an oracular problem exponentially faster than classically possible. The Hamiltonians involved in the quantum annealing do not suffer from the so-called sign problem. Unlike the typical scenario, our schedule is efficient even though the minimum energy gap of the Hamiltonians is exponentially small in the problem size. We discuss generalizations based on initial-state randomization to avoid some slowdowns in adiabatic quantum computing due to small gaps.
Inhibitors of Kinesin Activity from Structure-Based Computer Screening (2000)

Kinesin motor proteins use ATP hydrolysis for transport along microtubules in the cell. We sought to identify small organic ligands to inhibit kinesin's activity. Candidate molecules were identified by computational docking of commercially available compounds using the computer program DOCK. Compounds were docked at either of two sites, and a selection was tested for inhibition of microtubule-stimulated ATPase activity. Twenty-two submillimolar inhibitors were identified. Several inhibitors appeared to be competitive for microtubule binding and not for ATP binding, and three compounds showed 50% inhibition down to single-digit micromolar levels. Most inhibitors grouped into four distinct classes (fluoresceins, phenolphthaleins, anthraquinones, and naphthylene sulfonates). We measured the binding of one inhibitor, rose bengal lactone (RBL), to kinesin (dissociation constant 2.5 microM) by its increase in steady-state fluorescence anisotropy. The RBL binding site on kinesin was localized by fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) using a donor fluorophore (coumarin) covalently attached at unique, surface-exposed cysteine residues engineered at positions 28, 149, 103, 220, or 330. RBL was found to bind in its original docked site: the pocket cradled by loop 8 and beta-strand 5 in kinesin's three-dimensional structure. These results confirm this region's role in microtubule binding and identify this pocket as a novel binding site for kinesin inhibition.
THE COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MINUTE AMOUNTS OF CADMIUM (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MINUTE AMOUNTS OF CADMIUMLawrence T. Fairhall and Leon. ProdanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1931, 53, 4, 1321–1323Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1931https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01355a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01355a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characteristics of Broadside Coupled Suspended and Inverted Slotlines for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Applications (1991)

The impedance and dispersion characteristics of shielded, broadside coupled, suspended and—inverted-slotlines are investigated. Spectral domain formulation is used for the analysis. Numerical results are reported for each of these slotline configurations in two different sizes of shielded enclosures—namely, a standard rectangular waveguide at Ka-band and a square waveguide with twice the height of the Ka-band guide. It is found that in all the cases, the propagation constant of the even mode is less sensitive to variation in the air gap (between the substrates) as compared with that for the odd mode. Furthermore, for small air gaps, the variation in the odd mode propagation constant as a function of air gap is rather small in the case of broadside coupled inverted slotline as compared with that in a corresponding broadside coupled suspended slotline.
Electrochemistry and Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Processes of the Components of Aluminum Quinolate/Triarylamine, and Related Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (1998)

Solution electrochemical studies have been conducted of the principle lumophores, dopants, and hole-transport agents of aluminum-quinolate(Alq3)-based organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) along with the characterization of their electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL). In acetonitrile/benzene solvent mixtures, Alq3 shows single one-electron reduction and oxidation processes, with a separation between the first oxidation and first reduction potentials, ΔEelectrochemical = 3.03 V, close to the estimates of energy difference between HOMO and LUMO levels obtained from absorbance spectra of thin films of Alq3, ΔEoptical = 3.17 eV. A new sulfonamide derivative of Alq3, (Al(qs)3), showed a positive shift (ca. 0.32 V) in the first reduction potential versus the parent molecule, and resolution of the overall reduction process into three successive, chemically reversible, one-electron reductions. Two successive one-electron oxidations are seen for 4,4‘-bis(m-tolyphenylamino)biphenyl (TPD), a hole-transporting material in many bilayer OLEDs, and for TPDF2, a fluorinated version of TPD, with TPDF2 oxidation occurring 0.1 V positive of that for TPD. Electrogenerated chemiluminescence reactions (Alq3-•/TPD+• (or TPDF2+•) and Al(qs)3-•/TPD+• (or TPDF2+•)) were found to produce emission spectra from Alq3*s or Al(qs)3*s states which were nearly identical to those seen from OLEDs based upon these molecules. Emission intensities increased with the increasing potential difference between the relevant redox couples. The diisoamyl derivative of quinacridone (DIQA), a quinacridone dopant for certain Alq3-based OLEDs, undergoes two successive one-electron reductions and two successive one-electron oxidations. The ECL reactions DIQA-•/DIQA+•, DIQA+•/Alq3-•, DIQA+•/Al(qs)3-•, DIQA-•/TPD+• and DIQA-•/TPDF2+• all produce the same singlet emissive state, DIQA*s, and the same emission spectral response seen in quinacridone and DIQA-doped OLEDs.
[Pharmacological effects of phase-I- and phase-II-metabolites of triamterene (author's transl)]. (1978)

Since triamterene (TA) is rapidly metabolized to hydroxytriamterene (OH-TA) and then to its sulfuric acid ester (OH-TA-ester) the question arose whether the metabolites are still effective on ion transport as is triamterene. The effect of the metabolites was studied in microperfusion experiments on the rat submaxillary duct, which resembles the distal nephron and is considered the site of action of triamterene. Added to the lumen the phase-I- as well as the phase-II-metabolites decreased reabsorption of Na+, secretion of K+, and yielded an accumulation of HCO3-. These effects of the metabolites were produced by equimolar concentrations and are almost identical to those of native triamterene. In conclusion, the phase-II-metabolite must be considered to be essentially responsible for the natriuresis and antikaliuresis observed after oral administration of triamterene.
Genomic rearrangements in prostate cancer (2014)

Structural rearrangements are the critical mechanism resulting in the characteristic genomic changes associated with PCA pathogenesis and progression. Future studies will determine whether the impact of these events on tumor phenotypes can be translated to clinical utility for patient prognosis and choices of management strategies.
LDS Chapels on Molokai (1992)

my name is mokihana davis keiki 0 ka aina 0 kalamaula Kala maula the first homestead village settled by my goodly parents george wellington maioho
Concentration of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>by Thermal Diffusion (1948)

A thermal diffusion plant for the enrichment of ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$ has been constructed consisting of cylindrical columns followed by a hot wire column. In the case of the cylindrical columns excellent agreement with the theory of Jones and Furry has been obtained. In the case of the hot wire column, discrepancies exist between the observed performance and that predicted by theory. Under continuous operating conditions it was possible to produce with the expenditure of 16.6 kw, 14 std. cc of helium per day having a ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$/${\mathrm{He}}^{4}$ ratio of 0.0021 when well helium was used as a source of gas.
A High Throughput Serum Paraoxonase Assay for Discovery of Small Molecule Modulators of PON1 Activity (2008)

PON1 has been demonstrated to be the serum enzyme responsible for detoxifying organophosphate chemical weapons and plays a protective role against atherosclerosis. In order to identify small molecules that modulate PON1 activity in serum, we developed a high throughput kinetic absorbance assay using mouse serum and the organophosphate paraoxon. The IC(50) value obtained for the known PON1 inhibitor, 2-hydroxyquinoline, matched the value reported for purified PON1. A compound library was screened resulting in no confirmed activators, but 12 confirmed inhibitors. Seven of these hits also inhibited purified human PON1. One compound was only two-fold less potent than 2-hydroxyquinoline in the serum assay, but 10-fold more potent against purified PON1. This compound (IC(50) = 420 nM) may be useful towards a chemical probe for PON1. Therefore, this assay has utility as a high throughput assay for discovery of small molecule modulators of PON1 activity that maintain activity in serum.
Time-Dependent Variation of Composition of SC1 Solution (1993)

We investigated the time-dependent variation of composition of NH 4 OH/H 2 O 2 /H 2 O mixture, the standard cleaning 1 (SC1) solution in the RCA cleaning process. The NH 4 OH concentration decreased with time and that of H 2 O 2 was almost constant. It was clarified that the decrease rate of NH 4 OH concentration depended on the temperature and H 2 O 2 concentration in the SC1 solution. As the temperature was raised, the decrease rate accelerated. Conversely, as H 2 O 2 concentration was raised, the rate decelerated. It is concluded that the hydrogen bond between NH 3 and H 2 O 2 prevents NH 3 evaporation.
[Does simultaneous administration of a PGE1 analog prevent indomethacin damage to human gastric mucosa? An endoscopic double-blind study]. (1986)

The influence on gastroduodenal mucosa of indomethacin (50 mg t.i.d.) administration for 6 days was investigated in 7 healthy volunteers in a double-blind randomized crossover study with and without concomitant administration of MDL 646, 400 micrograms q.i.d. and 800 micrograms q.i.d. Indomethacin induced a gastroduodenal lesion index of 2.4 +/- 0.1. Neither of the prostaglandin E1-analogue dosages afforded significant protection of gastric and duodenal mucosa (2.1 +/- 0.4 in the presence of 400 micrograms q.i.d. and 1.9 +/- 0.4 in the presence of 800 micrograms q.i.d.). Major side effects were not observed.
Kupffer Cell Engulfment of Apoptotic Bodies Stimulates Death Ligand and Cytokine Expression (2003)

Hepatocyte apoptosis by death receptors, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis are prominent features of liver diseases. However, the link between these processes remains unclear. Our aim was to ascertain whether engulfment of apoptotic bodies by Kupffer cells promotes hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Isolated murine Kupffer cells efficiently engulfed apoptotic bodies generated from UV-treated mouse hepatocytes. Engulfment of the apoptotic bodies, but not latex beads, stimulated Kupffer cell generation of death ligands, including Fas ligand, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Both apoptotic body phagocytosis and death ligand generation were attenuated by gadolinium chloride, a Kupffer cell toxicant. Kupffer cells isolated from 3-day bile duct-ligated (BDL) mice were phenotypically similar to apoptotic body-"fed" Kupffer cells with enhanced death ligand expression; inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis with a caspase inhibitor prevented this Kupffer cell activation. Consistent with a role for Kupffer cells in liver inflammation and fibrosis, gadolinium chloride attenuated neutrophil infiltration and markers for stellate cell activation. In conclusion, these findings support a model of cholestatic liver injury where Kupffer cell engulfment of apoptotic bodies promotes inflammation and fibrogenesis.
Ion-exchange selectivity and metal ion separations with a perfluorinated cation-exchange polymer (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon-exchange selectivity and metal ion separations with a perfluorinated cation-exchange polymerH. L. Yeager and A. SteckCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 7, 862–865Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50043a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50043a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views890Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts