gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of abdominal adhesions using composite collagen‐GAG implants for ventral hernia repair (2001)

Structural biomaterials can restore abdominal wall integrity but may cause adhesions to the underlying viscera. Collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) matrices induce the formation of connective tissue and may reduce adhesion formation to permanent biomaterials such as polypropylene (PP) mesh. Composite implants were created by interposing PP mesh within a porous CG matrix created composite implants. The implants were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde one group (CG-G/PP) or left untreated (CG-nG/PP) and compared to PP mesh. At 4 weeks, the abdominal wall was assessed for the degree of adhesions. The composite implants developed a nascent connective tissue-like structure that reduced adhesions to the bowel. The thickest connective tissue developed in the CG-G/PP group (0.7 ± 0.1 mm) and thinnest in the PP mesh (0.05 ± 0.01 mm). The surface area covered with adhesions was greatest in the PP group (72 ± 17%) compared with the CG-G/PP group (28 ± 15%) or the CG-nG/PP group (21 ± 8%). Bowel preferentially adhered to the PP mesh, whereas omentum had some adherence to all constructs. Integrating a biodegradable extracellular matrix analog with a permanent structural biomaterial reduced adhesions in this animal model. Alterations in cross-linking of the CG matrix altered the biological response. This technology may be useful in reconstructive surgery by reducing adhesion formation, while maintaining the strength of permanent structural biomaterials. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 75–80, 2001
Carbon‐13 NMR spectra of saturated heterocycles: VIII—tetrahydrofurans and 1,3‐dioxolanes (1979)

Abstract The 13 C NMR spectra of 17 methyl‐ and ethyl‐substituted tetrahydrofurans and 58 alkyl‐ and aryl‐ substituted 1,3‐dioxolanes are reported. For the cases in which substituents recur, additive substituent parameters are calculated and compared with similar parameters in cyclopentanes and in 6‐membered rings. Considering the conformational flexibility of 5‐membered ring systems, additivity of the parameters is surprisingly good.
Blind bolted connections for steel hollow sections columns in low rise structures (2008)

Hollow sections have become increasingly popular in structural applications due to their structural efficiency. However, their use in low rise structures is hampered by the limited means of providing fully bolted site connections. This limitation can be overcome by using blind bolting system which requires access to one side only. This eliminates both the problem of lack of access and also the need to weld various accessories to the hollow sections. This paper is part of an ongoing research project which focuses on the development of a range of connections to hollow sections using blind bolts. The paper provides a review of recent research undertaken to develop rigid and semi-rigid connections. Preliminary results from non-linear finite element models are presented and compared against the column face plastification formula based on yield line theory. The predicted load by the formula shows good agreement to the results from the finite element model.
Friction in nanoelectromechanical systems: Clamping loss in the GHz regime (2005)

The performance of a wide variety of ultra-sensitive devices employing nanoelectromechanical resonators is determined by their mechanical quality factor, yet energy dissipation in these systems remains poorly understood. Here we develop a comprehensive theory of friction in high frequency resonators caused by the radiation of elastic energy into the support substrate, referred to as clamping loss. The elastic radiation rate is found to be a strong increasing function of resonator frequency, and we argue that this mechanism will play an important role in future microwave-frequency devices.
Transcriptional starts for cytadherence-related operons of<i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i> (2003)

One mechanism of mycoplasma cytadherence possessed by several mycoplasmas, including Mycoplasma genitalium, necessitates coordination of multiple adhesins and adherence-associated proteins. The genes encoding these adherence-related proteins are located in three different regions of the M. genitalium genome and exhibit an operon-like organization with surrounding genes. To understand whether genes encoding adherence-related proteins in M. genitalium are regulated as operons, we performed transcriptional and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses on the loci mg191 (encoding major cytadhesin P140 localized at the specialized tip organelle) and mg218 (encoding high molecular mass cytadherence-related protein MG218 required for tip-mediated adherence). Primer extension suggested that transcription of mg191 was under the control of two transcriptional starts, one immediately upstream of mg191 (Prm(MG191)) and the other upstream of mg190 (Prm(MG190)). In contrast, mg218 appeared to be transcribed by a single transcriptional start, located upstream of mg217. RT-PCR indicated that transcription was continuous from mg190 to mg192 and mg217 to mg219, suggesting that these loci constitute true operons. Additional data revealed heretofore undetected similarities between adherence-related operons of M. genitalium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Analysis of interconnect networks using complex frequency hopping (CFH) (1995)

With increasing miniaturization and operating speeds, loss of signal integrity due to physical interconnects represents a major performance limiting factor of chip-, board- or system-level design. Moment-matching techniques using Pade approximations have recently been applied to simulating modelled interconnect networks that include lossy coupled transmission lines and nonlinear terminations, giving a marked increase in efficiency over traditional simulation techniques. Nevertheless, moment-matching can be inaccurate in high-speed circuits due to critical properties of Pade approximations. Further, moment-generation for transmission line networks can be shown to have increasing numerical truncation error with higher order moments. These inaccuracies are reflected in both the frequency and transient response and there is no criterion for determining the limits of the error. In this paper, a multipoint moment-matching, or complex frequency hopping (CFH) technique is introduced which extracts accurate dominant poles of a linear subnetwork up to any predefined maximum frequency. The method generates a single transfer function for a large linear subnetwork and provides for a CPU/accuracy tradeoff. A new algorithm is also introduced for generating higher-order moments for transmission lines without incurring increasing truncation error. Several interconnect examples are considered which demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency in both the time and frequency domains of the new method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enrichment of glycine pool in plasma and tissues by glycine, di-, tri-, and tetraglycine (1982)

Very little information is available on metabolism of oligopeptides in vivo. The present studies were performed to investigate the metabolic fate of diglycine, triglycine, and tetraglycine when injected into a central vein in rats. These peptides disappeared rapidly from plasma without any significant loss in urine. Plasma and tissue concentrations of glycine were measured when the same amount of glycine was injected in free or peptide form. Two minutes after the injection of glycine (1.l0 mumol/g body wt), there was over a tenfold increase in plasma glycine concentration. This increase was diminished when diglycine instead of glycine was injected. Each increase in the number of glycine residues resulted in further reduction in the initial rise in plasma glycine concentration was increased by each injection. This was more pronounced in the kidney than in the liver. Injection of triglycine and tetraglycine resulted in greater glycine concentration in the kidney than injection of either glycine or diglycine. Furthermore, unlike liver and muscle, each increase in the number of glycine residues resulted in greater recovery of glycine peptides from the kidney. These results suggest that with each increase in the number of glycine residues a greater amount of injected glycine peptide is taken up by the kidney for hydrolysis to glycine.
[Study on the haplotypes of pfcrt polymorphism from Hainan Province]. (2007)

Haplotypes of pfcrt polymorphism from Hainan were the same as those from southeast Asia and Africa.
Long-term Effects of Angiopeptin Treatment in Coronary Angioplasty (1995)

In this study, angiopeptin significantly decreased the incidence of clinical events, principally the rate of revascularization procedures. In contrast, no significant effect was seen on angiographic variables.
Multiple sclerosis: vitamin D and calcium as environmental determinants of prevalence (1974)

A new theory for the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been developed which is compatible with epidemiologic, biochemical and genetic evidence. A predisposition for the disease is held to result from the development of abnormal myelin during puberty. Vitamin D and calcium are proposed as being essential for normal myelination. Curtailed supplies of these substances (from inadequate sunlight and phytate‐rich diets) correlate with geographic regions of high risk of MS. Conversely the prevalence of MS is lower where vitamin D is abundant, as in sunny climates, high altitudes, and littorals with dietaries rich in fish oils.
Aus der Algebra (1993)

ZusammenfassungDie Algebra, die früher einmal die Kunst der Gleichungsauflösung war, ist heute in eine allgemeine Theorie der Verknüpfungen eingemündet, die zumeist abstrakt, also axiomatisch betrieben wird. Die axiomatische Denkweise beruht auf der folgenden Grundidee: Man stellt zunächst fest, daß gewisse Gesetzmäßigkeiten für unterschiedliche Objekte gleichermaßen gelten. Daraufhin löst man sich von den konkreten Gültigkeitsbereichen, indem man solche Gesetze zu definierenden Eigenschaften einer neuen Struktur erhebt. Dieses Vorgehen hat sich in der modernen Mathematik außerordentlich bewährt. Einer seiner Vorzüge ist die geistige Ökonomie, die es bewirkt: Erkenntnisse, die im abstrakten Rahmen gewonnen wurden, besitzen eine universelle Gültigkeit; sie brauchen in konkreten Fällen nicht erneut überprüft zu werden. Unter den vielen algebraischen Strukturen, die so aufgebaut wurden, konzentrieren wir uns in diesem Kapitel auf die Gruppen und Körper.
Stem-cell therapy for erectile dysfunction (2013)

In the past one and half years there have been more stem-cell-for-erectile-dysfunction studies than the prior 8 years combined. These new studies tend to use combinatory treatment approaches by modifying or supplementing SCs with angiogenic or neurotrophic genes or proteins. However, when considering all risks and benefits, these combinatory approaches do not seem more advantageous than single-SC approaches. Another trend is the choice of transplantation routes other than the standard intracavernous (IC) injection. However, with the exception of intravenous injection, these new transplantation approaches are more cumbersome than IC injection and yet offer no evidence of producing better outcomes. In contrast to these variations, a consensus among these studies is the suggestion that paracrine action, as opposed to cellular differentiation, is the principal therapeutic mechanism. In conclusion, IC injection of a single SC type should be the choice protocol for initial clinical trials, and this is clearly the case with two clinical trials that are currently recruiting patients.
Protection from radiation-induced alopecia with topical application of nitroxides: fractionated studies. (2006)

The results of this study suggest that topical application of nitroxides may be useful in a clinical setting to reduce the undesirable toxicity of radiation-induced alopecia.
Linear variable optical filter-based ultraviolet microspectrometer (2012)

An IC-compatible linear variable optical filter (LVOF) for application in the UV spectral range between 310 and 400 nm has been fabricated using resist reflow and an optimized dry-etching. The LVOF is mounted on the top of a commercially available CMOS camera to result in a UV microspectrometer. A special calibration technique has been employed that is based on an initial spectral measurement on a xenon lamp. The image recorded on the camera during calibration is used in a signal processing algorithm to reconstruct the spectrum of the mercury lamp and the calibration data is subsequently used in UV spectral measurements. Experiments on a fabricated LVOF-based microspectrometer with this calibration approach implemented reveal a spectral resolution of 0.5 nm.
The Non‐epileptiform Basilar Artery Migraine (1986)

SYNOPSIS Five patients with basilar artery migraine (BAM) are described. One, while exhibiting electroencephalographic(EEG) interictal discharges and photo‐paroxysmal responses entirely suppressed by carbamazepine orvalproate, had no improvement of her attacks. Subsequent therapy with propanolol did improve the attacksdespite persistence of EEG abnormalities. A second patient had paroxysmal abnormalities and improved withisometheptene mucate. Three other patients had normal ictal and interictal EEGs, including after activationprocedures. A population of patients with basilar artery migraine exists with normal EEG recordings or withparoxysmal activity independent from that of migraine; these patients may respond to drugs other thananticonvulsants.
State-of-Charge Estimation and State-of-Health Prediction of a Li-Ion Degraded Battery Based on an EKF Combined With a Per-Unit System (2011)

This paper describes the application of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) combined with a per-unit (p.u.) system to the identification of suitable battery model parameters for the high-accuracy state-of-charge (SOC) estimation and state-of-health (SOH) prediction of a Li-Ion degraded battery. Variances in electrochemical characteristics among Li-Ion batteries caused by aging differences result in erroneous SOC estimation and SOH prediction when using the existing EKF algorithm. To apply the battery model parameters varied by the aging effect, based on the p.u. system, the absolute values of the parameters in the equivalent circuit model in addition to the discharging/charging voltage and current are converted into dimensionless values relative to a set of base value. The converted values are applied to dynamic and measurement models in the EKF algorithm. In particular, based on two methods such as direct current internal resistance measurement and the statistical analysis of voltage pattern, each diffusion resistance <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$(R_{\rm Diff})$</tex></formula> can be measured and used for offline and online SOC estimations, respectively. All SOC estimates are within <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\pm$</tex></formula> 5% of the values estimated by ampere-hour counting. Moreover, it is shown that <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$R_{\rm Diff}$</tex></formula> is more sensitive than other model parameters under identical experimental conditions and, hence, implementable for SOH prediction.
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of silicate glasses and the relationship to material properties (2007)

Terahertz (THz) time-domain transmission spectroscopy was used to obtain the absorption coefficients and refractive indices of silica, Pyrex, and seven different Schott glasses. The refractive indices were analyzed using the Clausius–Mossotti equation, and the absorption coefficients in terms of the power-law model of far-infrared absorption. Relationships were observed between THz absorption and refractive indices on the one hand, and glass properties on the other. THz transmission data have been shown to provide a useful insight into glass structure.
Extending Languages by Leveraging Compilers: From Modelica to Optimica (2010)

Combining attribute grammars with object-oriented programming supports a new kind of declarative programming, letting developers build compilers in a highly extensible manner. By leveraging a base compiler, extended languages can be supported at a relatively low cost. Recent work shows the applicability of the technique to general-purpose programming languages such as Java. In this article, the authors illustrate the approach using a case study for domain-specific languages. They built an extensible compiler for the physical systems modeling language Modelica and leveraged it to support a new extended language, Optimica.
Production of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G Glycoprotein (VSV‐G) Pseudotyped Retroviral Vectors (2007)

Retrovirus pseudotype is defined as the genome of one retrovirus encapsidated by the envelope protein of a second virus. The host range of the pseudotype is that of the virus donating the envelope protein. Two procedures that use 293GP cells, which are derived from human kidney 293 cells, are described here. The first is based on the high transient transfection efficiency of 293 cells. The retroviral construct and an expression plasmid for VSV-G are co-transfected into 293GP cells that stably express MLV gag and pol proteins. Transiently generated virus is then harvested during consecutive days following DNA transfection. The second procedure involves stable 293GP cell lines containing the VSV-G gene under the control of a promoter whose activity is regulated by tetracycline. Cell lines containing the retroviral vector of interest are established under noninduced conditions. Infectious virus can be harvested following the induction of VSV-G expression in these cell lines.
<![CDATA[<STRONG>Insufici�ncia card�aca no Brasil</STRONG>]]> (1998)

nos ltimos 5 anos (1993 a 1997) 2 , observamos uma reduo de 3 milhes no nmero total de internaes realizadas no perodo, com diminuio proporcional entre as doenas do aparelho circulatrio e as decorrentes da insuficincia cardaca (IC). (tab. I) Tivemos no mesmo perodo, reduo no nmero total de bitos, por doenas do aparelho circulatrio, porm com menor reduo na mortalidade por IC (tab. II).
Comparison of global features for categorization of medical images (2004)

We present an evaluation of methods for the automatic categorization of medical images. The properties of medical images render some otherwise very successful discriminate features for images (e.g. color) inapplicable. Therefore, we evaluate several feature types: texture, structure, and down-scaled representations. The classification is done using a nearest neighbor classifier with various distance measures as well as the automatic combination of classifier results. A corpus of 6,335 images selected arbitrarily from the clinical routine was encoded using a multi-axial, mono-hierarchical code. The reference categorization was done by experienced radiologists familiar with the code. The code's hierarchy allows the analysis of the automatic categorization performance (depending on the features and the classifier used) at different levels of differentiation. Experiments were done for 54 and 57 categories or 70 and 81 categories focussing on radiographs only or for all images, respectively. A maximum classification accuracy of 86% was obtained using the winner-takes-all rule and a one nearest neighbor classifier. Accuracy is increased to 93% and 95% if the correct category is only required to be within the 5 or 10 best matches, respectively. In this case, the best rate of 98% is obtained. This is sufficient for most applications in content-based image retrieval.
On the modeling and analysis of computer networks (1993)

Analytic models for computer network performance evaluation are surveyed. The basics of network analysis are presented, the network design procedure is discussed, and some of the fundamentals of network control are introduced. Some of the issues surrounding the design and behavior of gigabit networks are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Increased ENA‐78 in the follicular fluid of patients with endometriosis (2006)

Increased follicular fluid levels of epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide 78, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 indicate that these cytokines may influence oocyte quality and fecundability of women with endometriosis by deteriorating the microenvironment in the human follicle.
Diagnosis of Centrifugal Pump Faults Using Vibration Methods (2012)

Pumps are the largest single consumer of power in industry. This means that faulty pumps cause a high rate of energy loss with associated performance degradation, high vibration levels and significant noise radiation. This paper investigates the correlations between pump performance parameters including head, flow rate and energy consumption and surface vibration for the purpose of both pump condition monitoring and performance assessment. Using an in-house pump system, a number of experiments have been carried out on a centrifugal pump system using five impellers: one in good condition and four others with different defects, and at different flow rates for the comparison purposes. The results have shown that each defective impeller performance curve (showing flow, head, efficiency and NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) is different from the benchmark curve showing the performance of the impeller in good condition. The exterior vibration responses were investigated to extract several key features to represent the healthy pump condition, pump operating condition and pump energy consumption. In combination, these parameter allow an optimal decision for pump overhaul to be made [1].
Theory of spin excitations and the microwave response of cylindrical ferromagnetic nanowires (2001)

We develop the theory of exchange/dipole spin wave excitations of ferromagnetic nanowires of cylindrical cross section, where the magnetization is parallel to the axis of the wire. In addition, we provide the theory of the microwave response of such structures, for the case where the nanowire is also a conductor. We present explicit calculations of both the mode structure of nanowires, and also their ferromagnetic resonance spectrum, with attention to recent experimental studies. We compare differences between the physical picture appropriate for the cylinder, with the well studied case of the ferromagnetic film.
Design of a secure sum protocol using trusted third party system for Secure Multi-Party Computations (2015)

In distributed data mining, secrecy of private data input of parties with similar background, is achieved by Secure Multi Party Computation (SMC). One of the mostly used tool of SMC is secure sum protocol which has been modified by researchers using many techniques to provide utmost security. In this paper, we propose another novel secure sum protocol to provide more data security in an efficient way named Double Random Partitioned Model (DRPM) protocol for multi-party computation that uses the collaboration of data segmentation, value randomization technique and trusted third party for ensuring zero data leakage among participating parties. Proposed method have reduced computational steps noticeably than all other existing protocols. The comparative study shows that the proposed protocol performs much better than the existing protocols in terms of communication complexity and computation complexity, e.g., proposed DRPM protocol improves 85% on computational complexity over the existing best one.