gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The dishevelled protein is modified by wingless signaling in Drosophila. (1995)

Wingless (Wg) is an important signaling molecule in the development of Drosophila, but little is known about its signal transduction pathway. Genetic evidence indicates that another segment polarity gene, dishevelled (dsh) is required for Wg signaling. We have recently developed a cell culture system for Wg protein activity, and using this in vitro system as well as intact Drosophila embryos, we have analyzed biochemical changes in the Dsh protein as a consequence of Wg signaling. We find that Dsh is a phosphoprotein, normally present in the cytoplasm. Wg signaling generates a hyperphosphorylated form of Dsh, which is associated with a membrane fraction. Overexpressed Dsh becomes hyperphosphorylated in the absence of extracellular Wg and increases levels of the Armadillo protein, thereby mimicking the Wg signal. A deletional analysis of Dsh identifies several conserved domains essential for activity, among which is a so-called GLGF/DHR motif. We conclude that dsh, a highly conserved gene, is not merely a permissive factor in Wg signaling but encodes a novel signal transduction molecule, which may function between the Wg receptor and more downstream signaling molecules.
Cross-Linked Gold Nanoparticles on Polyethylene: Resistive Responses to Tensile Strain and Vapors (2012)

In this study, coatings of cross-linked gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on flexible polyethylene (PE) substrates were prepared via layer-by-layer deposition and their application as strain gauges and chemiresistors was investigated. Special emphasis was placed on characterizing the influence of strain on the chemiresistive responses. The coatings were deposited using amine stabilized AuNPs (4 and 9 nm diameter) and 1,9-nonanedithiol (NDT) or pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PTM) as cross-linkers. To prepare films with homogeneous optical appearance, it was necessary to treat the substrates with oxygen plasma directly before film assembly. SEM images revealed film thicknesses between ∼60 and ∼90 nm and a porous nanoscale morphology. All films showed ohmic I-V characteristics with conductivities ranging from 1 × 10⁻⁴ to 1 × 10⁻² Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹, depending on the structure of the linker and the nanoparticle size. When up to 3% strain was induced their resistance increased linearly and reversibly (gauge factors: ∼20). A comparative SEM investigation indicated that the stress induced formation and extension of nanocracks are important components of the signal transduction mechanism. Further, all films responded with a reversible increase in resistance when dosed with toluene, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 1-propanol or water vapor (concentrations: 50-10 000 ppm). Films deposited onto high density PE substrates showed much faster response-recovery dynamics than films deposited onto low density PE. The chemical selectivity of the coatings was controlled by the chemical nature of the cross-linkers, with the highest sensitivities (∼1 × 10⁻⁵ ppm⁻¹) measured with analytes of matching solubility. The response isotherms of all film/vapor pairs could be fitted using a Langmuir-Henry model suggesting selective and bulk sorption. Under tensile stress (1% strain) all chemiresistors showed a reversible increase in their response amplitudes (∼30%), regardless of the analytes' permittivity. Taking into consideration the thermally activated tunneling model for charge transport, this behavior was assigned to stress induced formation of nanocracks, which enhance the films' ability to swell in lateral direction during analyte sorption.
Terrorismo y teorías de la conspiración: el caso del 11-M (2007)

Las tesis de la conspiracion forman parte del folklore contemporaneo, pero no siempre son banales e inocuas. Se caracterizan por atribuir a una conspiracion de agentes poderosos la ocultacion de una verdad relevante y a veces logran gran aceptacion. Su veracidad o falsedad debe ser probada en cada caso, aunque comunmente el termino se emplea solo para aquellas que resultan injustificadas. El impacto emotivo que tienen los grandes atentados, como los del 11-S y el 11-M, favorece la aparicion de tales teorias, que tienden a mermar la confianza publica en las instituciones. En ambos casos, sin embargo, las teorias que tratan de desmentir el resultado de la investigacion oficial carecen de pruebas.
Optically pumped 1.55-μm double heterostructure Ga<i>x</i>Al<i>y</i>In1−<i>x</i>−<i>y</i>As/Al<i>u</i>In1−<i>u</i>As lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1983)

We report the first successful realization of room-temperature laser action at a wavelength of 1.55 μm in a new double heterostructure in which the active layer of GaxAlyIn1−x−yAs is confined between two cladding layers of AluIn1−uAs. The structure was grown on InP by molecular beam epitaxy, and was pumped optically by a Q-switched yttrium aluminum garnet laser. Peak output power of up to 5 W was obtained at an incident power corresponding to four times that required for threshold without catastrophic degradation. Temperature dependence of the threshold power can be characterized by Pth∼exp(T/T0) with T0=60 °C for 20 °C≤T≤100 °C.
Electrochemical oxidation of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical oxidation of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichlorideJ. E. Anderson and S. M. SawtelleCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 26, 5345–5346Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00052a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00052a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Geometric Parameters of Four-Valve Cylinder Heads and Their Relationship to Combustion and Engine Full Load Performance (1994)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Mathematical relationships are established between valve sizes, valve included angle (VIA) and bore diameter for four-valve pentroof chambers. Graphical results show the effects of these relationships on geometric breathing capacity and links them to cylinder displacement, rated speed, bore/stroke ratio, intake valve lift, and intake/exhaust valve diameter ratio. A “geometric engine” mathematical model relates these parameters to combustion chamber surface to volume ratio and easily determines the piston top configuration. Current production engines are analyzed to produce relationships between these geometric parameters and full load performance.</div>
Comparison of a New and Existing Method of Mammographic Density Measurement: Intramethod Reliability and Associations with Known Risk Factors (2007)

Established properties of mammographic density were observed for SMF percent density; however, this method had poorer left-right reliability than the threshold method and has yet to be shown to be a predictor of breast cancer risk.
Predicting the Popularity of GitHub Repositories (2016)

GitHub is the largest source code repository in the world. It provides a git-based source code management platform and also many features inspired by social networks. For example, GitHub users can show appreciation to projects by adding stars to them. Therefore, the number of stars of a repository is a direct measure of its popularity. In this paper, we use multiple linear regressions to predict the number of stars of GitHub repositories. These predictions are useful both to repository owners and clients, who usually want to know how their projects are performing in a competitive open source development market. In a large-scale analysis, we show that the proposed models start to provide accurate predictions after being trained with the number of stars received in the last six months. Furthermore, specific models---generated using data from repositories that share the same growth trends---are recommended for repositories with slow growth and/or for repositories with less stars. Finally, we evaluate the ability to predict not the number of stars of a repository but its rank among the GitHub repositories. We found a very strong correlation between predicted and real rankings (Spearman's rho greater than 0.95).
Representation Similarity Analysis for Efficient Task taxonomy & Transfer Learning (2019)

Transfer learning is widely used in deep neural network models when there are few labeled examples available. The common approach is to take a pre-trained network in a similar task and finetune the model parameters. This is usually done blindly without a pre-selection from a set of pre-trained models, or by finetuning a set of models trained on different tasks and selecting the best performing one by cross-validation. We address this problem by proposing an approach to assess the relationship between visual tasks and their task-specific models. Our method uses Representation Similarity Analysis (RSA), which is commonly used to find a correlation between neuronal responses from brain data and models. With RSA we obtain a similarity score among tasks by computing correlations between models trained on different tasks. Our method is efficient as it requires only pre-trained models, and a few images with no further training. We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method for generating task taxonomy on Taskonomy dataset. We next evaluate the relationship of RSA with the transfer learning performance on Taskonomy tasks and a new task: Pascal VOC semantic segmentation. Our results reveal that models trained on tasks with higher similarity score show higher transfer learning performance. Surprisingly, the best transfer learning result for Pascal VOC semantic segmentation is not obtained from the pre-trained model on semantic segmentation, probably due to the domain differences, and our method successfully selects the high performing models.
A Fast Two Stage Translational And Warping Motion Compensation Scheme (1998)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Rhodes, Greece, 1998
Selective Phenol Hydrogenation to Cyclohexanone Over a Dual Supported Pd–Lewis Acid Catalyst (2009)

Cyclohexanone is an industrially important intermediate in the synthesis of materials such as nylon, but preparing it efficiently through direct hydrogenation of phenol is hindered by over-reduction to cyclohexanol. Here we report that a previously unappreciated combination of two common commercial catalysts-nanoparticulate palladium (supported on carbon, alumina, or NaY zeolite) and a Lewis acid such as AlCl3-synergistically promotes this reaction. Conversion exceeding 99.9% was achieved with >99.9% selectivity within 7 hours at 1.0-megapascal hydrogen pressure and 50 degrees C. The reaction was accelerated at higher temperature or in a compressed CO(2) solvent medium. Preliminary kinetic and spectroscopic studies suggest that the Lewis acid sequentially enhances the hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone and then inhibits further hydrogenation of the ketone.
Treatment of portal hypertension (2012)

Portal hypertension is the main complication of cirrhosis and is defined as an hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) of more than 5 mmHg. Clinically significant portal hypertension is defined as HVPG of 10 mmHg or more. Development of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage are the most direct consequence of portal hypertension. Over the last decades significant advancements in the field have led to standard treatment options. These clinical recommendations have evolved mostly as a result of randomized controlled trials and consensus conferences among experts where existing evidence has been reviewed and future goals for research and practice guidelines have been proposed. Management of varices/variceal hemorrhage is based on the clinical stage of portal hypertension. No specific treatment has shown to prevent the formation of varices. Prevention of first variceal hemorrhage depends on the size/characteristics of varices. In patients with small varices and high risk of bleeding, non-selective β-blockers are recommended, while patients with medium/large varices can be treated with either β-blockers or esophageal band ligation. Standard of care for acute variceal hemorrhage consists of vasoactive drugs, endoscopic band ligation and antibiotics prophylaxis. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is reserved for those who fail standard of care or for patients who are likely to fail ("early TIPS"). Prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage consists of the combination of β-blockers and endoscopic band ligation.
Improving Write Performance by Controlling Target Resistance Distributions in MLC PRAM (2016)

Multi-level cell (MLC) phase change RAM (PRAM) is expected to offer lower cost main memory than DRAM. However, poor write performance is one of the most critical problems for practical applications of MLC PRAM. In this article, we present two schemes to improve write performance by controlling the target resistance distribution of MLC PRAM cells. First, we propose multiple RESET/SET operations that relax the target resistance bands of intermediate logic levels with additional RESET/SET operations, which reduces the program time of intermediate logic levels, thereby improving write performance. Second, we propose a two-step write scheme consisting of lightweight write and idle-time completion write that exploits the fact that hot dirty data tend to be overwritten in a short time period and the MLC PRAM often has long idle times. Experimental results show that the multiple RESET/SET and two-step write schemes result in an average IPC improvement of 15.7% and 10.4%, respectively, on a hybrid DRAM/PRAM main memory subsystem. Furthermore, their integrated solution results in an average IPC improvement of 23.2% (up to 46.4%).
Control of a multi-level active shunt power filter for More Electric Aircraft (2009)

The proposed increase of power electronic subsystems for More Electrical Aircraft (MEA) brings severe challenges to aircraft power distribution. Current aircraft power systems work at a fundamental frequency of 400Hz while proposed AC MEA power networks for next generation aircrafts will have a fundamental frequency which varies most probably between 360 and 900 Hz. An active shunt filter (ASF) is recognized as an effective device for reducing harmonic pollution. However for the AC aircraft power system, harmonics for a 400 Hz fundamental (an in the future up to 900Hz) should be controlled. A five-level active shunt filter with a high-bandwidth current controller combined together with an enhanced pulse-width modulation algorithm is proposed. The effective reference tracking of the proposed modulation combined with the employed current control approach is experimentally verified for frequencies of up to 2.8 kHz (corresponding to the 7thharmonic component when a fundamental frequency of 400 Hz is employed) with a device switching frequency of just up to 5 kHz. The proposed active filtering system therefore is suitable for more electric aircraft applications on current aircraft and can evolve to a viable solution also for the next generation aircrafts with a higher and variable supply frequency.
Proteomic Analysis of Outer Membranes and Vesicles from Wild-Type Serogroup B <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> and a Lipopolysaccharide-Deficient Mutant (2006)

Current experimental vaccines against serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis are based on meningococcal outer membrane (OM) proteins present in outer membrane vesicles (OMV) in which toxic lipopolysaccharide is depleted by detergent extraction. Knowledge of the composition of OM and OMV is essential for developing new meningococcal vaccines based on defined antigens. In the current study, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and nanocapillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to investigate the proteomes of OM and OMV from meningococcal strain MC58 and OM from a lipopolysaccharide-deficient mutant. The analysis of OM revealed a composition that was much more complex than the composition that has been reported previously; a total of 236 proteins were identified, only 6.4% of which were predicted to be located in the outer membrane. The most abundant proteins included not only the well-established major OM proteins (PorA, PorB, Opc, Rmp, and Opa) but also other proteins, such as pilus-associated protein Q (PilQ) and a putative macrophage infectivity protein. All of these proteins were also present in OMV obtained by extraction of the OM with deoxycholate. There were markedly increased levels of some additional proteins in OM from the lipopolysaccharide-deficient mutant, including enzymes that contribute to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In all the preparations, the proteins not predicted to have an OM location were predominantly periplasmic or cytoplasmic or had an unknown location, and relatively few cytoplasmic membrane proteins were detected. However, several proteins that have previously been identified as potential vaccine candidates were not detected in either OM preparations or in OMV. These results have important implications for the development and use of vaccines based on outer membrane proteins.
Daily mindfulness practice increases psychological capital and reduces depression in doctoral students (2016)

Doctoral study presents many challenges and the level of attrition is between 30-50% in the UK, Australia, and North America. To determine how doctoral students can be better supported in order to increase retention, performance and student satisfaction, a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate whether a daily mindfulness practice could reduce psychological distress and increase psychological capital indicators, which are known to have strong relationships with learning progress. Prior to treatment allocation the 81 recruited students were surveyed to examine their experiences of stress related to candidature and their perceptions of study progress. The majority of PhD candidates (70%) who participated in the study reported they were meeting or mostly meeting their study schedule and these students had significantly greater psychological capital attribute (hope, resilience, self-efficacy and optimism) values compared to students who were categorised as being behind schedule. The biggest challenges in doctoral study reported were candidature- and project-related, with self-confidence and motivation of particular note. Half of the participants were randomly allocated to an intervention consisting of a daily mindfulness practice for eight weeks (supported by an audio resource) and half received no intervention. Findings indicate that students allocated to the intervention had a significantly greater decrease in depression, and significant increases in the psychological capital attributes of hope, resilience and self-efficacy. This study highlights that wholistic approaches which blend academic and wellbeing support are important for student progress.
Cooperative Evolutionary Strategy between the Bacteriome and Mycobiome (2016)

Nonhealing chronic wounds are all unique in origin and circumstance, and attempting to isolate a single etiology for the failure of a wound to heal is daunting. Wounds represent complex systems of multispecies fungal and bacterial biofilms. The survival strategies of interactive microbial communities have led to cooperative evolutionary strategies that culminate in biofilm formation. In microbial dysbiosis, biofilms are beneficial to both bacterial and fungal communities but detrimental to the host. Fungi benefit by a surge in their virulence factors, while bacteria become tolerant to antibacterials as a consequence of living under the protective umbrella of the biofilm matrix. This interkingdom cooperation negatively impacts the host, as the fungi and bacteria produce extracellular enzymes that inflict tissue damage, leading to an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, which results in oxidative damage and apoptotic cell death.
Multilayer control of an induction motor drive:A strategic step for automotive applications (2006)

Fault tolerance is a critical attribute in automotive electrical and propulsion systems. In this paper, a control scheme is presented that allows an induction motor drive system to operate in the event of multiple sensor failures. Automatic diagnosis of sensor fault and recovery is performed and used to reconfigure the drive system controls to achieve the best performance in lieu of component degradation. This approach couples a new digital delta-hysteresis regulation scheme with a model reference adaptive system scheme in order to provide fault tolerance for both phase-current and rotor position (speed) sensors. Simulation and experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Improvement of Canine Islet Yield by Donor Pancreas Infusion With a p38MAPK Inhibitor (2008)

Infusion of pancreata with University of Wisconsin solution containing p38IH through the duct before preservation suppresses cytokine release, prevents beta-cell apoptosis, and improves islet yield significantly with no adverse effect on islet function after transplantation. p38IH treatment of human pancreata may improve islet yield for use in clinical transplantation.
Experimental study of the influence of edge roughness on magnetization switching in Permalloy nanostructures (2004)

Rectangular Permalloy nanostructures with different edge roughness, but the same average width, were fabricated by controlled variations in the exposure conditions of an electron-beam lithography process. The average widths that were studied ranged from 200 to 640 nm. Structures were characterized individually using magneto-optical Kerr effect single-structure nanomagnetometry and scanning electron microscopy on the same structure. Increased edge roughness caused increased coercivity, except for 200-nm-wide structures. Large edge roughness doubled the coercivity of wide (&gt;600nm) structures. The coercivity of nominally identical structures (same roughness amplitude) differed by up to 20 Oe, suggesting that the specific edge profile influences magnetic switching.
AMLETO: a multi-language environment for functional test generation (2002)

More and more people are starting to use the SystemC description language to model and simulate new designs. This is due mainly to the simplicity and power of the language. The number of models written in SystemC currently available is still very limited and testing SystemC descriptions is still an open issue, since the language is new and researchers are looking for efficient error models and coverage metrics. This paper presents AMLETO, a multi-language environment developed to efficiently test embedded systems and IP-Cores. Using IIR, an HDL language independent representation, it supplies: fast translation from VHDL to SystemC of design descriptions and viceversa, generation and setup of customized TPGs for the design under test and generation of erroneous models capable of simulating the presence of design errors.