gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Core−Shell-Structured Magnetic Ternary Nanocubes (2010)

We report a novel core-shell-structured ternary nanocube of MnZn ferrite synthesized by controlling the reaction temperature and composition in the absence of conventionally used reducing agents. The highly monodispersed core-shell structure consists of an Fe(3)O(4) core and an MnZn Ferrite shell. The observation of a Moiré pattern indicates that the core and the shell are two highly crystalline materials with slightly different lattice constants that are rotated relative to each other by a small angle. The ternary core-shell nanocubes display magnetic properties regulated by a combination of the core-shell composition and exhibit an increased coercivity and field-cooled/zero-field-cooled characteristics drastically different from those of regular MnZn ferrite nanoparticles. The ability to engineer the spatial nanostructures of ternary magnetic nanoparticles in terms of shape and composition offers atomic-level versatility in fine-tuning the nanoscale magnetic properties.
Spin-on dielectric liner TSV for 3D wafer level packaging applications (2010)

Imec is developing application specific through silicon vias (TSV) technologies for Si thicknesses of 50 and 100μm in wafer level packaging (WLP) area where thin dies are stacked and electrically connected to each other through post CMOS processed TSVs and (micro-) bumps. 3D-WLP TSV flavors are developed using spin-on dielectric polymers as isolation layer. Electrical results of the TSV-connected daisy chains and the reliability of these TSVs while undergoing thermal cycle tests is also addressed.
SUPERCHARGED KNOCK TESTING (1937)

Bilateral ventriculocordectomy through a ventral median laryngotomy was performed for the treatment of idiopathic laryngeal paralysis in 88 dogs. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to provide long-term follow-up for a large number of dogs surgically managed with this technique. A combination of medical record and completed client questionnaire information provided short-term (14 days) follow-up for 88 dogs and long-term (>6 mo) follow-up for 42 dogs. Major short-term postoperative complications were identified in 3 of 88 (3.4%) patients. Major long-term complications were identified in 3 of 42 (7.1%) patients. The results of surgery were considered to be very satisfactory in 93% and unsatisfactory in 7%. Three dogs in this series developed aspiration pneumonia. Bilateral ventriculocordectomy through a ventral median laryngotomy is associated with a low incidence of both short- and long-term complications. Due to the ease of this procedure, the minimal surgical trauma to the patient, and the satisfactory results, this surgery should be considered an option for the treatment of idiopathic laryngeal paralysis in the dog.
Alexander Pushkin : A Possible Influence on Henry James (1972)

Journal Article ALEXANDER PUSHKIN: A POSSIBLE INFLUENCE ON HENRY JAMES Get access A. D. BRIGGS A. D. BRIGGS Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Forum for Modern Language Studies, Volume VIII, Issue 1, January 1972, Pages 52–60, https://doi.org/10.1093/fmls/VIII.1.52 Published: 01 January 1972
Investigation of I-V characteristics and heat generation of multiply connected HTS conductors in parallel (2012)

With continuous development of the 2nd generation HTS conductor, the critical current of the conductor is also increasing. However, many applications require more than 2 conductors in parallel to transport large current. Applications such as HTS power cables and some HTS current leads usually need much larger transport current than that provided by a single conductor and they require more than several tens of HTS conductors. In the case of parallel connection of multiple HTS conductors, the current distribution depends on the contact resistance of each conductor at the terminals for DC operation. The non-uniform distribution of the terminal resistances results in a non-uniform distribution of the current. The resultant current non-uniformity affects on the measurement of the I-V curve and the thermal performance of the multiple conductors. This paper describes the I-V curves obtained from multiply connected HTS conductors with different terminal contact resistances to investigate the relationship between the distorted I-V curve and heat generation.
Transcriptional control of invariant NKT cell development (2010)

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a rare lymphocyte sublineage with phenotypic and functional properties similar to T and NK cells. Akin to conventional αβ T cells, their development occurs primarily in the thymus, where they originate from CD4(+) CD8(+) double positive (DP) progenitors. However, the selection of iNKT cells is unique in that it is mediated by homotypic interactions of DP cells and recognition of glycolipid antigen-CD1d complexes. Additionally, iNKT cells acquire an activated innate-like phenotype during development that allows them to release cytokines rapidly following antigen exposure. Given their hybrid features, it is not surprising that the developmental program of iNKT cells partially overlaps with that of T and NK cells. Several recent reports have provided new and exciting insights into the developmental mechanisms that direct natural killer T (NKT) cell lineage commitment and maturation. In this review, we provide a discussion of the NKT cell developmental program with an emphasis on the signaling mechanisms and transcription factors that influence the ontogeny of this lineage. Continued investigations into the complex interplay of these transcription factors and their relationship with other extracellular and intracellular signaling molecules will undoubtedly provide important clues into the biology of this unusual T-cell lineage.
WS://IM: A Software Framework for Multimodal Web Interaction Management (2004)

The rise of ubiquitous computing devices has provided the catalyst for the next generation World Wide Web, one that shifts the focus from the desktop computer to mobile devices such as cell phones and PDAs, in an ever increasing range of modalities. Web interaction management in this setting must contend with a plethora of interaction interfaces and a diverse range of content types in addition to helping realize the full potential of multimodality (i.e., supporting flexible and personalized interactions between humans and sites). This thesis presents WS://IM, a new software framework for web interaction management that is capable of supporting multimodal interactions. In addition to presenting a loosely bundled, factorized architecture that supports hyperlink interaction, WS://IM has the unique facilitation for out-of-turn interaction. Out-of-turn interaction is a novel technique that helps realize mixed-initiative interactions between humans and Web sites. Design methodology, implementation details, and exposition through three implemented case studies are provided.
Phenylbutyrate decreases type I collagen production in human lung fibroblasts (2004)

Fibrotic lung diseases are characterized by excess extracellular matrix production, in particular type I collagen. Phenylbutyrate (PB) is a non-toxic pharmacological compound that functions as a weak histone deacetylase inhibitor. In hepatic stellate cells, the synthesis of type I collagen expression is decreased by inhibiting histone acetylation. Our studies examined the regulation of type I collagen by PB in human lung fibroblasts. We found that PB decreases basal and transforming growth factor-beta-stimulated alpha1(I) collagen mRNA and protein levels. Northern blot analyses demonstrated that PB decreases steady-state alpha1(I) collagen mRNA levels by 78% without significantly changing the stability of the mRNA transcript. PB stimulates cAMP production and increases the acetylation of histone H4, but does not affect the activity of two transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-responsive luciferase reporter constructs. These data suggest that PB regulates type I collagen expression in human lung fibroblasts by mechanisms that include cAMP production and histone acetylation. PB may have therapeutic use in fibrotic lung diseases.
Ion Induced Auger Electron Emission from Al-Mg Alloy under Low Energy Argon Ion Bombardment (1985)

Ion induced Auger electron emission was investigated by measuring the polar angular distribution for the bulk-like shoulder in the Auger spectrum obeys the cosine law whilst that of the atomic-like peaks shows a spherical distribution, suggesting a model that the former Auger electrons are generated inside the sample and the latter from the sputtered atoms. This model was examined for Al-Mg alloy which showed the surface enrichment of Al. This surface enrichment clearly appears in the ion induced Auger spectrum.
Optimum FIR Transmitter and Receiver Filters for Data Transmission Over Band-Limited Channels (1982)

The paper deals with the design of digital transmitter and receiver filters with finite impulse response (FIR) for data transmission over band-limited channels. The filters are matched and satisfy a zero intersymbol interference constraint when cascaded. For baseband transmission, the filters achieve optimum spectral concentration in the frequency range <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[-(1+\beta)/2T, (1+\beta)/2T]</tex> . Mathematically, the filter design leads to a generalized eigenvalue problem which is solved numerically by a projected gradient Procedure. For transmission over bandpass channels by combined amplitude and phase modulation, the design technique is modified so that filters with complex-valued impulse response and optimum spectral concentration in the range of positive bandpass frequencies <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[f_{c} - (1+\beta)/2T, f_{c} + (1+\beta)/2T]</tex> are obtained. In addition, the complex formulation allows the design of impulse responses with enhanced spectral attenuation in the corresponding range of negative frequencies in order to minimize imageband interference. Results are shown in terms of filter coefficients, signal spectra, and spectral concentrations obtained. For example, filters designed for a voiceband data modem operating at a symbol rate of 2400 baud achieve a spectral concentration of 98.5 percent with 24 coefficients and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\beta = 0.1</tex> , and with only 0.001 percent of the total energy in the imageband region.
Neutron-Mapping Polymer Flow: Scattering, Flow Visualization, and Molecular Theory (2003)

Flows of complex fluids need to be understood at both macroscopic and molecular scales, because it is the macroscopic response that controls the fluid behavior, but the molecular scale that ultimately gives rise to rheological and solid-state properties. Here the flow field of an entangled polymer melt through an extended contraction, typical of many polymer processes, is imaged optically and by small-angle neutron scattering. The dual-probe technique samples both the macroscopic stress field in the flow and the microscopic configuration of the polymer molecules at selected points. The results are compared with a recent "tube model" molecular theory of entangled melt flow that is able to calculate both the stress and the single-chain structure factor from first principles. The combined action of the three fundamental entangled processes of reptation, contour length fluctuation, and convective constraint release is essential to account quantitatively for the rich rheological behavior. The multiscale approach unearths a new feature: Orientation at the length scale of the entire chain decays considerably more slowly than at the smaller entanglement length.
Processed pseudogenes acquired somatically during cancer development (2014)

Cancer evolves by mutation, with somatic reactivation of retrotransposons being one such mutational process. Germline retrotransposition can cause processed pseudogenes, but whether this occurs somatically has not been evaluated. Here we screen sequencing data from 660 cancer samples for somatically acquired pseudogenes. We find 42 events in 17 samples, especially non-small cell lung cancer (5/27) and colorectal cancer (2/11). Genomic features mirror those of germline LINE element retrotranspositions, with frequent target-site duplications (67%), consensus TTTTAA sites at insertion points, inverted rearrangements (21%), 5' truncation (74%) and polyA tails (88%). Transcriptional consequences include expression of pseudogenes from UTRs or introns of target genes. In addition, a somatic pseudogene that integrated into the promoter and first exon of the tumour suppressor gene, MGA, abrogated expression from that allele. Thus, formation of processed pseudogenes represents a new class of mutation occurring during cancer development, with potentially diverse functional consequences depending on genomic context.
Follow Me! Global Marketers’ Twitter Use (2011)

Social media have grown into a powerful marketing communications tool in the global economy. Marketers dedicate their time and resources to build trust and rapport with consumers through social media, yet a dearth of academic research addresses their use of Twitter. The present research undertakes an exploratory content analysis, focusing on 44 global brands’ Twitter use. The results indicate that marketers try to imbue human personality into their brands by using human representatives, personal pronouns, and verbs in the imperative form. In addition, information such as brand names and redirecting cues is frequent in brands’ tweets. Overall, marketers tend to exhibit their brand presence and personalities in their Twitter accounts, thereby building relationships with current and potential consumers. This article concludes with some social media marketing implications and future research directions.
Judaism and Families (2016)

Abstract Judaism, as a patriarchal religion, traditionally had gender relations that revolve around men's superiority and women's inferiority. Under Jewish law, men's role in the community was traditionally to devote themselves to religious study. From ancient times through the nineteenth century, Rabbinic scholars rationalized to women that they were “exempted” from the “burden” of having to perform the duties and obligations of Jewish law, and women were relegated to the roles of homemaker, mother, and breadwinner. During the Industrial Revolution, Jewish men in many societies embraced middle‐class values and the role of the breadwinner and thereby Jewish male intellectualism became associated with secular higher education and material success. Many Jewish families became less religious, yet Jewish women continued to keep holiday traditions within the home.
Mixed Self‐Assembled Monolayer Gate Dielectrics for Continuous Threshold Voltage Control in Organic Transistors and Circuits (2010)

Mixed alkyl/fluoroalkyl phosphonic acid self-assembled monolayers have been prepared as ultra-thin dielectrics in low-voltage organic thin-film transistors and complementary circuits. Mixed monolayers enable continuous threshold-voltage tuning simply by adjusting the molecular mixing ratio Continuous threshold-voltage control makes it possible to place the switching voltage of the circuits at precisely half the supply voltage, producing the maximum noise margin.
Studies on ketene and its derivatives. LXXVII. Reaction of diketene with pyridineformimidates and related compounds to give 1,3-oxazin-4-one derivatives. (1976)

Reaction of diketene with ethyl pyridineformimidates (Ia-e) resulted in the formation of 6-methyl-2-pyridyl-4H-1, 3-oxazin-4-one (IVa-c) and 2-ethoxy-6-methyl-2-pyridyl-2H-1, 3-oxazin-4 (3H)-one (IIIb, c). Similar reaction with ethyl 2-quinolineformimidate (Id) and methyl 2-pyridineacetimidate (Ie) gave 6-methyl-2-(2-quinolyl)-4H-1, 3-oxazine-4-one (IVd) and 2-methoxy-6-methyl-2-(2-pyridylmethyl)-2H-1, 3-oxazin-4 (3H)-one (IIIe), respectively. The products obtained were treated with ammonia to give 6-methyl-2-substituted-4 (3H)-pyrimidone (Va-e). Hydrolysis of IIIe gave 6-hydroxy-4-methyl-3 (or 5)-(2-pyridyl)-2 (1H)-pyridone (VIII).
Colony stimulating factors (including erythropoietin, granulocyte colony stimulating factor and analogues) for stroke (2007)

No large trials of EPO, G-CSF or other colony stimulating factors have been performed and it is too early to know whether CSFs improve functional outcome.
Photonic Crystal Structures as a Basis for a Three‐Dimensionally Interpenetrating Electrochemical‐Cell System (2006)

A novel interpenetrating electrode structure is synthesized by sequential assembly of nanostructured components throughout the interconnected macropores of an inverse opal carbon monolith. Separation of electrodes by a thin polymer electrolyte film prevents hard shorts and permits intercalation and shuttling of Li ions between electrodes (see figure and inside cover).
A 32 nm High-k Metal Gate SRAM With Adaptive Dynamic Stability Enhancement for Low-Voltage Operation (2010)

SRAM bitcell design margin continues to shrink due to random and systematic process variation in scaled technologies and conventional SRAM faces a challenge in realizing the power and density benefits of technology scaling. Smart and adaptive assist circuits can improve design margins while satisfying SRAM power and performance requirements in scaled technologies. This paper introduces an adaptive, dynamic SRAM word-line under-drive (ADWLUD) scheme that uses a bitcell-based sensor to dynamically optimize the strength of WLUD for each die. The ADWLUD sensor enables 130 mV reduction in SRAM Vccmin while increasing frequency yield by 9% over conventional SRAM without WLUD. The sensor area overhead is limited to 0.02% and power overhead is 2% for a 3.4 Mb SRAM array.
FXYD Proteins Reverse Inhibition of the Na+-K+ Pump Mediated by Glutathionylation of Its β1 Subunit (2011)

The seven members of the FXYD protein family associate with the Na(+)-K(+) pump and modulate its activity. We investigated whether conserved cysteines in FXYD proteins are susceptible to glutathionylation and whether such reactivity affects Na(+)-K(+) pump function in cardiac myocytes and Xenopus oocytes. Glutathionylation was detected by immunoblotting streptavidin precipitate from biotin-GSH loaded cells or by a GSH antibody. Incubation of myocytes with recombinant FXYD proteins resulted in competitive displacement of native FXYD1. Myocyte and Xenopus oocyte pump currents were measured with whole-cell and two-electrode voltage clamp techniques, respectively. Native FXYD1 in myocytes and FXYD1 expressed in oocytes were susceptible to glutathionylation. Mutagenesis identified the specific cysteine in the cytoplasmic terminal that was reactive. Its reactivity was dependent on flanking basic amino acids. We have reported that Na(+)-K(+) pump β(1) subunit glutathionylation induced by oxidative signals causes pump inhibition in a previous study. In the present study, we found that β(1) subunit glutathionylation and pump inhibition could be reversed by exposing myocytes to exogenous wild-type FXYD3. A cysteine-free FXYD3 derivative had no effect. Similar results were obtained with wild-type and mutant FXYD proteins expressed in oocytes. Glutathionylation of the β(1) subunit was increased in myocardium from FXYD1(-/-) mice. In conclusion, there is a dependence of Na(+)-K(+) pump regulation on reactivity of two specifically identified cysteines on separate components of the multimeric Na(+)-K(+) pump complex. By facilitating deglutathionylation of the β(1) subunit, FXYD proteins reverse oxidative inhibition of the Na(+)-K(+) pump and play a dynamic role in its regulation.
Participatory Democracy and Nonhierarchy in Classroom Group Discussion (1983)

The present study evaluatcs some aspects of the effcctiveness of the Disc System in creating a participatory democracy and nonhierarchy in discussion sections of an undergraduate psychology of women class. In this system, discs are equally divided among group members; a disc is used each time a statement is made. The Disc System was not found to create a participatory democracy and nonhierarchy by changing the behavior of all participants, but rather by setting an uppcr limit of participation that most affected the dominant panicipants. The system did not appear to significantly affect the least dominant participants. This finding is discussed as it relaws to use of token reinforcement systcms and the use of the Disc System in the contemporary women's movement.
Thermographic imaging of the space shuttle during re-entry using a near-infrared sensor (2012)

High resolution calibrated near infrared (NIR) imagery of the Space Shuttle Orbiter was obtained during hypervelocity atmospheric re-entry of the STS-119, STS-125, STS-128, STS-131, STS-132, STS-133, and STS-134 missions. This data has provided information on the distribution of surface temperature and the state of the airflow over the windward surface of the Orbiter during descent. The thermal imagery complemented data collected with onboard surface thermocouple instrumentation. The spatially resolved global thermal measurements made during the Orbiter's hypersonic re-entry will provide critical flight data for reducing the uncertainty associated with present day ground-to-flight extrapolation techniques and current state-of-the-art empirical boundary-layer transition or turbulent heating prediction methods. Laminar and turbulent flight data is critical for the validation of physics-based, semi-empirical boundary-layer transition prediction methods as well as stimulating the validation of laminar numerical chemistry models and the development of turbulence models supporting NASA's next-generation spacecraft. In this paper we provide details of the NIR imaging system used on both air and land-based imaging assets. The paper will discuss calibrations performed on the NIR imaging systems that permitted conversion of captured radiant intensity (counts) to temperature values. Image processing techniques are presented to analyze the NIR data for vignetting distortion, best resolution, and image sharpness.
Luciferin Derivatives for Enhanced in Vitro and in Vivo Bioluminescence Assays (2006)

In vivo bioluminescence imaging has become a cornerstone technology for preclinical molecular imaging. This imaging method is based on light-emitting enzymes, luciferases, which require specific substrates for light production. When linked to a specific biological process in an animal model of human biology or disease, the enzyme−substrate interactions become biological indicators that can be studied noninvasively in living animals. Signal intensity in these animal models depends on the availability of the substrate for the reaction within living cells in intact organs. The biodistribution and clearance rates of the substrates are therefore directly related to optimal imaging times and signal intensities and ultimately determine the sensitivity of detection and predictability of the model. Modifications of d-luciferin, the substrate for the luciferases obtained from beetle, including fireflies, result in novel properties and offer opportunities for improved bioassays. For this purpose, we have synthesized a conjugate, glycine−d-aminoluciferin, and investigated its properties relative to those of d-aminoluciferin and d-luciferin. The three substrates exhibited different kinetic properties and different intracellular accumulation profiles due to differences in their molecular structure, which in turn influenced their biodistribution in animals. Glycine−d-aminoluciferin had a longer in vivo circulation time than the other two substrates. The ability to assay luciferase in vitro and in vivo using these substrates, which exhibit different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, will provide flexibility and improve current imaging capabilities.