gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exhaled Breath Condensate Detects Markers of Pulmonary Inflammation after Cardiothoracic Surgery (2003)

Cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary by-pass and, to a greater extent, lung resection, causes acute lung injury that is usually subclinical. Analysis of mediators in exhaled breath condensate is a promising means of monitoring inflammation in a variety of airway diseases but the contribution of the airway lining fluid from the lower respiratory tract is uncertain. We compared the analysis of markers of lung injury in exhaled breath condensate and bronchoalveolar lavage in endotracheally intubated patients before and after coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and lobectomy. The neutrophil count and leukotriene B4 concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid rose after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (p < 0.05), but there was no significant change in leukotriene B4, hydrogen peroxide, or hydrogen ion concentrations in exhaled breath condensate. By contrast, after lobectomy, the concentration in exhaled breath condensate of leukotriene B4, hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen ions rose significantly (p < 0.05). Exhaled breath condensate is a safe, noninvasive method of sampling the milieu of the distal lung and is sufficiently sensitive to detect markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients after lobectomy, but not after the milder insult associated with cardiac surgery.
Advancing the State of the Art of 360-Degree Feedback (1997)

360-degree feedback and/or multirater or multisource assessment methods have become one of the most popular and yet least understood management and organizational interventions in recent years. The editors of this special issue devoted to the subject provide (a) an introduction to the current usage and efficacy of these feedback systems in organizational settings, (b) a brief overview of the major themes and issues raised in the 6 articles included in the volume, and (c) a set of general comments and reflections about the state of research and practice on multirater assessment methodologies, with directions for future research.
Synthetic popularity reflects chemical reactivity (2009)

Abstract Large and diverse databases of chemical reactions contain statistically significant information about the propensities of molecules to undergo specific chemical transformations. It is shown that this information can be quantified to reflect reaction thermodynamics/kinetics and can be used to construct primitive (yet accurate) reactivity indices from the counts of reported reactions involving molecules/molecular positions of interest. These indices correlate with frontier orbital (FO) populations or Hammett σ and ρ parameters for a range of reactions involving aromatic substrates. These findings suggest that large chemical databases are not only a historical repository of chemical knowledge but also tools with which one can make useful chemical predictions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zero crossings of a non-orthogonal wavelet transform for object location (2002)

In this paper we address the task of segmentation of objects from photographs. A method of extraction of features based on the zero-crossings of a wavelet transform is described. The wavelet transform basis functions are derived from the second derivative of a Gaussian function. The extracted features are then used in a multilevel hypothesis generate and test algorithm to locate the objects of interest. The matching algorithm is based on the springs and templates framework of Fischler and Eschlanger (1973). The zero-crossings of the wavelet coefficients at different scales are combined in the model-matching stage to generate possible candidates. We apply this method to segment human faces from newspaper photographs.
Structure and histopathology of the insertional region of the human achilles tendon (1995)

The Achilles tendon inserts onto the calcaneus, and the retrocalcaneal bursa intervenes between it and the bone immediately proximal to the enthesis. The enthesis, the bursa, and the bursal walls form a complex insertional region protecting against wear and tear. We examined the structure and histopathology of the insertional region in 50 tendons from cadavers (age at time of death, 57-96 years). The enthesis contained fibrocartilage typical of attachment sites. In specimens with a prominent superior tuberosity (the majority), the walls of the bursa also were fibrocartilaginous. On the anterior wall, fibrocartilage replaced the calcaneal periosteum; on the posterior wall, there was a sesamoid fibrocartilage in the deep part of the tendon. When the tuberosity was not prominent, the bursal fibrocartilages were absent. Histopathological features were observed in 31 entheses. Bone spurs extended from the calcaneus into the tendon and probably formed by endochondral ossification of enthesial fibrocartilage. Longitudinal fissures were splits in the fibrocartilage along the lines of the endotenon, and small transverse tears occurred at the tendon-bone junction. Longitudinal fissures showed evidence of repair; they were filled with amorphous material and surrounded by clusters of cells. In the bursal walls, calcification or degradation, or both, were observed in 37 specimens and usually involved both sesamoid and periosteal fibrocartilages. These fibrocartilages could therefore be implicated in retrocalcaneal bursitis.
Mass Spectral Characteristics of Poly(4,4'-isopropylidenediphenyl carbonate) (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMass Spectral Characteristics of Poly(4,4'-isopropylidenediphenyl carbonate)Richard H. WileyCite this: Macromolecules 1971, 4, 2, 254–259Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60020a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60020a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antibiotic‐associated colitis (1977)

Among 26,294 hospitalized patients monitored by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program (BCDSP), 8,948 (34%) received at least one antibiotic, and none were diagnosed as having drug-induced colitis to in-hospital antibiotic exposure. Seven patients who had taken antibiotics as outpatients, however, were admitted with antibiotic-associated colitis. Six of these patients had taken lincomycin prior to the onset of symptoms; one had taken ampicillin. Six of the patients were hospitalized at a New Zealand hospital and one at a hospital in Canada. The five patients with lincomycin-associated colitis at the New Zealand hospital were admitted over an 11-month period. Severe colitis due to antibiotics has been a rare event in the BCDSP experience, especially in the United States.
Perception and recognition discriminated in the mouse auditory cortex by c-Fos labeling (1999)

The functions of the fields of the mammalian auditory cortex in sound perception and recognition are unknown. We used Fos (a protein of the inducible immediate-early gene c-fos) as a cellular marker of activated brain areas to show in the mouse (Mus domesticus) that sound is processed differentially in auditory cortical fields according to its actual significance in a behavioral context. Recognition, compared with perception of exactly the same sound, produced significantly less but well focused Fos-positive cells in a primary auditory cortical field and significantly more labeling in higher auditory and association fields. Thus, recognition means a state of distinctive spatial distribution of activity in auditory cortical fields with a predominance of activation in higher-order fields.
The Word on the Street: Advertising, Youth Culture and Legitimate Speech in Drug Education (2000)

This paper explores the relationship between drug cultures, advertising messages and drug education. The author argues that commercial cultures have appropriated the language and usages of drug cultures in order to sell to a youth market. An analysis of such advertising practices suggests the industry regards drug use as a significant feature of youth culture; drug use is demonstrated to be increasingly characterized as a signifier which connotes pleasure and excitement. The functioning of such advertising practices is examined in an attempt to understand the implications this may have for the construction and implementation of drug education strategies.
Indoor field strength prediction based on FMM (2006)

在这篇文章，快多极方法(FMM ) 被使用分析地力量一极端宽带(UWB ) 发信号。UWB 通讯系统的小范围和算法的高效率使精确地计算电场的振幅可能。同类的绝缘的身体和一个 multilayered 电介质目标被学习。使用 FMM 获得的 Thecomputational 结果同意很好，那些由使用时刻(妈妈) 的方法获得了。
Substitution of Standard Soybean Oil with Olive Oil-Based Lipid Emulsion in Parenteral Nutrition: Comparison of Vascular, Metabolic, and Inflammatory Effects (2011)

The 24-h infusion of PN containing soybean oil-based lipid emulsion increased blood pressure and impaired endothelial function compared with PN containing olive oil-based lipid emulsion and lipid-free PN in healthy subjects. These vascular changes may have significant implications in worsening outcome in subjects receiving nutrition support. Randomized controlled trials with relevant clinical outcome measures are needed in patients receiving PN with olive oil-based and soybean oil-based lipid emulsions.
Field Emission Ion Source Using a Carbon Nanotube Array for Micro Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (2011)

In this paper, we present the fabrication and test of a carbon-nanotube (CNT)-based field emission ion source for a micro time-of-flight mass spectrometer (µ-TOF MS). The µ-TOF MS is composed of two parts, i.e., a field emission ion source and a mass analyzer. Molecules are ionized by the impact of electrons emitted from CNTs. We calculated the ion beam path using a commercial electrodynamics simulation tool (Simion ver. 7). The results of the ion beam path simulation show that the ions generated in the effective ionization region can pass only between the first acceleration electrode pair. We fabricated a CNT-based field emission ion source for the µ-TOF MS. The electron current of the field emitter and the ion current of the ion source were measured. Through the characteristic test of a field emission ion source, we confirmed that the fabricated ion source is feasible for the µ-TOF MS.
New process for the production of branched‐chain fatty acids (2004)

Abstract Fatty acids are the primary natural starting materials for the production of surfactant and detergent molecules. Derived from vegetable (oil) and animal (fat) triglyceride sources, the fatty acids are linear aliphatic carboxylic acids. Industrial interest in branched‐chain fatty acids is driven by the needs for products with enhanced performance benefits including higher solubility, ease of handling, better hard water tolerance, and improved oxidative stability. Therefore, catalytic processes have been developed for the conversion of linear fatty acids to branched ones. High yields of branched acids are obtained from unsaturated fatty acids over acidic zeolites, particularly those with large pores. Fatty esters also are readily isomerized to branched ones by means of the same catalyst and process. It is postulated that the isomerization of fatty acids proceeds through three‐ and four‐membered ring carbocation intermediates formed inside the largepore zeolites. This is supported by evidence of methyl and ethyl branching in the primary and final products. The total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid molecule is unchanged. Surfactants derived from branched fatty acids show favorable physical properties, including a lower viscosity and improved handling, even as intended performance characteristics are maintained.
Cytochalasins inhibit nuclei-induced actin polymerization by blocking filament elongation. (1980)

Polylysine was found to induce polymerization of muscle actin in a low ionic strength buffer containing 0.4 mM MgCl2. The rate of induced polymerization was dependent on the amount and on the molecular size of the polylysine added. A similar effect was obtained by adding actin nuclei (containing about 2-4 actin subunits) cross-linked by p-N,N'-phenylenebismaleimide to G-actin under the same conditions, suggesting that the effect of polylysine is due to promotion of the formation of actin nuclei. Polymerization induced by polylysine and by cross-linked actin nuclei was inhibited by low concentrations (10(-8)-10(-6)M) of cytochalasins. Binding experiments showed that actin filaments, but not actin monomers, contained high-affinity binding sites for [3H]cytochalasin B (one site per 600 actin monomers). The relative affinity of several cytochalasins for these sites (determined by competitive displacement of [3H]dihydrocytochalasin B) was: cytochalasin D greater than cytochalasin E approximately equal to dihydrocytochalasin B. The results of this study suggest that cytochalasins inhibit nuclei-induced actin polymerization by binding to highly specific sites at the point of monomer addition, i.e., the elongation site, in actin nuclei and filaments.
Three-terminal field effect superconducting device using SrTiO/sub 3/ channel (1995)

As a first step toward fabricating transistors to control supercurrent, we fabricated two- and three-terminal devices that have coplanar Nb electrodes coupled with a SrTiO/sub 3/ substrate. In the two-terminal devices, the Nb electrodes were coupled with an Nb-doped SrTiO/sub 3/ substrate with a carrier concentration of 2/spl times/10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/. Electrode spacing was about 50 nm. The devices showed Josephson effect at 4.2 K. Three-terminal devices were made on a thinly doped surface of a non-doped 0.4-mm-thick SrTiO/sub 3/ substrate with gate electrodes on the non-doped area of the substrate. Resistance of the three-terminal devices was controlled by applying voltages to the gate electrode at 4.2 K.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MOCVD deposition of epitaxial lithium niobate, LiNbO3, thin films using the single source precursor lithium niobium ethoxide, LiNb(OEt)6 (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMOCVD deposition of epitaxial lithium niobate, LiNbO3, thin films using the single source precursor lithium niobium ethoxide, LiNb(OEt)6Alex A. Wernberg and Henry J. GyslingCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 8, 1056–1058Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00032a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00032a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Structures of Cationic Aluminum and Gallium Amidinate Complexes (1999)

Aluminum and gallium amidinate complexes, {RC(NR‘)2}MMe2 (R, R‘ = alkyl; M = Al, Ga), react with the “cationic activators” [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] and B(C6F5)3 to yield cationic Al and Ga alkyl species whose structures are strongly influenced by the steric properties of the amidinate ligand. The reaction of acetamidinate Al complexes {MeC(NR‘)2}AlMe2 (R‘ = iPr, 1a; R‘ = Cy, 3a) with 0.5 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] or B(C6F5)3 yields {MeC(NR‘)2}2Al2Me3+ (R‘ = iPr, 2a+; R‘ = Cy, 4a+) as the B(C6F5)4- or MeB(C6F5)3- salts. X-ray crystallographic analyses establish that 2a+ and 4a+ are double-amidinate-bridged dinuclear cations, in which the two metal centers are linked by μ-η1,η1 and μ-η1,η2 amidinate bridges. NMR studies show that 2a+ undergoes two dynamic processes in solution: (i) a μ-η1,η1/μ-η1,η2 amidinate exchange and (ii) Me exchange between the two metal centers. The reaction of {MeC(NiPr)2}GaMe2 (1b) with 0.5 equiv of B(C6F5)3 yields {MeC(NiPr)2}2Ga2Me3+ (2b+), whose structure and dynamic properties are similar to those of 2a+. The reaction of the bulkier tBu-substituted amidinate complexes {tBuC(NiPr)2}MMe2 (M = Al, 6a; M = Ga, 6b) with 0.5 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] yields {tBuC(NiPr)2}MMe2·{tBuC(NiPr)2}MMe+ (M = Al, 7a+; M = Ga, 7b+) as the B(C6F5)4- salts, the former of which is thermally unstable. An X-ray crystallographic analysis establishes that 7b+ is a single-amidinate-bridged dinuclear cation, in which the two metal centers are linked by a μ-η1,η2 amidinate bridge. NMR data establish that the structures of 7a+ and 7b+ are similar and both species are rigid in solution. 6a and 6b also react with B(C6F5)3 to yield [7a][MeB(C6F5)3] and [7b][MeB(C6F5)3], respectively, which decompose by C6F5- transfer to yield {tBuC(NiPr)2}M(Me)(C6F5) (M = Al, 9a; M = Ga, 9b) and boron species. The “super-bulky” amidinate complexes {tBuC(NtBu)2}MMe2 (M = Al, 12a; M = Ga, 12b) react with 1 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] to yield {tBuC(NtBu)2}MMe+ (M = Al, 13a+; M = Ga, 13b+) as the B(C6F5)4- salts. The salts [13a][B(C6F5)4] and [13b][B(C6F5)4] are thermally unstable and could not be isolated. However, the NMR data for 13a+ and 13b+ in C6D5Cl are consistent with base-free, three-coordinate structures or labile, four-coordinate solvated cations. These results provide a starting point for understanding the mechanism and reactivity trends in ethylene polymerization catalyzed by cationic Al amidinate species.
A model for Java/CORBA and OODBMS distributed architectures (1999)

The Java/CORBA paradigm extends Java distributively and allows one to specify and implement multiplatform distributed object architectures. Such multi-client/server architectures, extended with object database management systems (OODBMS) as the principal persistent service, will become object based architectures (or OAs). The analysis and the use of dedicated techniques is required to specify and implement OAs, forcing us to challenge the current design and development approaches. We introduce a model for such an architecture that is based on a semantic distinction between "functional" objects and "data" objects. Functional objects (FOs) are Java/CORBA (client) server distributed objects with well defined (standard) IDL interfaces, data objects (DOs) are FOs "arguments/results" objects persistently stored in the OODBMS. The model relies on constructing a DO-graph, that is used for simple "dataflow" centralized calling mechanism for FOs, and that is induced by correct typed composition of FOs. An example of concrete realization of such a model is the implementation of the Text Retrieval and Enrichment for Vital Information (TREVI) distributed system for the analysis and categorization of natural language English texts (ESPRIT Project EP23311).
An Integrated GSM/DECT Receiver: Design Specifications (1998)

Introduction..............................................................................................................3 1.1 Updates ................................................................................................................................3 2.0 Summary of E-GSM/DCS1800/PCS1900/ DECT Standards..................................4 2.1 Frequency Bands..................................................................................................................4 2.2 Sensitivity and Noise Figure Requirements.........................................................................5 2.3 Blocking Requirements........................................................................................................6 2.3.1 GSM ......................................................................................................................6 2.3.2 DECT.............................................................................................
Rational Interpolation and Its Ill-conditioned Property (2007)

A rational interpolation is obtained by solving a system of linear equations. However, when the system is solved by floating point arithmetic, there appears a pathological feature such as undesired zeros and poles. In this paper, a method is described with the help from computer assisted proof to eliminate the feature.
Inversion of reflection traveltimes for transverse isotropy (1995)

Abstract In anisotropic media, the short-spread stacking velocity is generally different from the root-mean-square vertical velocity. The influence of anisotropy makes it impossible to recover the vertical velocity (or the reflector depth) using hyperbolic moveout analysis on short-spread, common-midpoint (CMP) gathers, even if both P- and S-waves are recorded.Hence, we examine the feasibility of inverting long-spread (nonhyperbolic) reflection moveouts for parameters of transversely isotropic media with a vertical symmetry axis. One possible solution is to recover the quartic term of the Taylor series expansion for t 2 - x 2 curves for P- and SV-waves, and to use it to determine the anisotropy. However, this procedure turns out to be unstable because of the ambiguity in the joint inversion of intermediate-spread (i.e., spreads of about 1.5 times the reflector depth) P and SV moveouts. The nonuniqueness cannot be overcome by using long spreads (twice as large as the reflector depth) if only P-wave data are included. A general analysis of the P-wave inverse problem proves the existence of a broad set of models with different vertical velocities, all of which provide a satisfactory fit to the exact traveltimes. This strong ambiguity is explained by a trade-off between vertical velocity and the parameters of anisotropy on gathers with a limited angle coverage.The accuracy of the inversion procedure may be significantly increased by combining both long-spread P and SV moveouts. The high sensitivity of the long-spread SV moveout to the reflector depth permits a less ambiguous inversion. In some cases, the SV moveout alone may be used to recover the vertical S-wave velocity, and hence the depth. Success of this inversion depends on the spreadlength and degree of SV-wave velocity anisotropy, as well as on the constraints on the P-wave vertical velocity.