gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Traffic routing and performance analysis of the Common Channel Signaling System 7 network (2002)

The author analyzes the performance of the link sets in the CCSS7 (Common Channel Signaling System 7) network based on the routing procedure specified in the Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) protocol. The analysis is based on the analytical M/G/1 queuing models. The assumptions made in deriving the delay models are discussed in detail. These include the Poisson arrival process, general service time distribution, infinite buffer, and the error-free link assumptions. Models for the finite buffer case as well as the error link case are also derived. It is found that increasing a link set by one or more links may not always increase the link set capacity accordingly because of the current link selection procedure based on the SLS code. However, increasing the number of links in a link set does improve the average link set delay performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Real-time Detection of Semi-transparent Watermarks in Decompressed Video (2007)

Semi-transparent watermarks (logos) are a prominent feature of modern television programs. They are employed to label broadcasted programs, but not commercials, and therefore their absence can be exploited to filter out advertisements. A real-time template-based pixel matching algorithm for detecting known logos in video is presented. The logo detector achieves a high degree of precision (99.53%) and recall (97.23%) despite significant spatial variations inherent in the decompressed source video. When combined with other feature detectors, it forms the foundation of a live commercial detection system with applications in video archiving and embedded environments
The Design and Implementation of Datagram TLS. (2004)

A number of applications have emerged over recent years that use datagram transport. These applications include real time video conferencing, Internet telephony, and online games such as Quake and StarCraft. These applications are all delay sensitive and use unreliable datagram transport. Applications that are based on reliable transport can be secured using TLS, but no compelling alternative exists for securing datagram based applications. In this paper we present DTLS, a datagram capable version of TLS. DTLS is extremely similar to TLS and therefore allows reuse of pre-existing protocol infrastructure. Our experimental results show that DTLS adds minimal overhead to a previously non-DTLS capable application. 1.
Human articular chondrocytes on macroporous gelatin microcarriers form structurally stable constructs with blood-derived biological glues<i>in vitro</i> (2009)

Biodegradable macroporous gelatin microcarriers fixed with blood-derived biodegradable glue are proposed as a delivery system for human autologous chondrocytes. Cell-seeded microcarriers were embedded in four biological glues-recalcified citrated whole blood, recalcified citrated plasma with or without platelets, and a commercially available fibrin glue-and cultured in an in vitro model under static conditions for 16 weeks. No differences could be verified between the commercial fibrin glue and the blood-derived alternatives. Five further experiments were conducted with recalcified citrated platelet-rich plasma alone as microcarrier sealant, using two different in vitro culture models and chondrocytes from three additional donors. The microcarriers supported chondrocyte adhesion and expansion as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. Matrix formation occurred predominantly at sample surfaces under the static conditions. The presence of microcarriers proved essential for the glues to support the structural takeover of ECM proteins produced by the embedded chondrocytes, as exclusion of the microcarriers resulted in unstable structures that dissolved before matrix formation could occur. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of SOX-9- and S-100-positive chondrocytes as well as the production of aggrecan and collagen type I, but not of the cartilage-specific collagen type II. These results imply that blood-derived glues are indeed potentially applicable for encapsulation of chondrocyte-seeded microcarriers. However, the static in vitro models used in this study proved incapable of supporting cartilage formation throughout the engineered constructs.
Sialon tool materials (1982)

Sialons are phases in the Si–Al–Q–N and related systems that are built up of (Si, Al)(O, N)4 tetrahedra in the same way that the structural unit in the silicates is the (Si, Al)O4 tetrahedron. These new materials include nitrogen-containing ceramics, glasses, and glass-ceramics but only β’-sialon, the silicon-aluminium oxynitride isostructural with β-silicon nitride, Si3N4, has so far been commercially developed for engineering applications. Fully dense shapes are fabricated by pressureless sintering with additions of yttrium oxide to give the strongest ceramic yet known and the product holds great promise as a cutting tool for machining metals. Because of its high hardness, impact strength, and fracture toughness yttrium-sialon tool tips are superior to cobalt-bonded tungsten carbide (hardmetal) for many cutting applications.
Tiene sentido la educación en medios en un mundo globalizado (2009)

In a globalised world where communication can be life and we live surrounded by electronic screens, the authors of this article wonder if the prevailing concept of «literacy» is outdated and if there is place in educative institutions nowadays for the need for educating in the media. The final proposal is that, in any case, media «literacy» based on critical analysis that allows each person to grow and the rigorous development of science and knowledge is needed. This is a question that has not yet been answered and that, in many occasions, is consigned to oblivion because of the urge of becoming, at least, a «user» of the novelties that society keeps accepting with no questions asked.
Effect of prostaglandin E1 alone and in combination with theophylline or aspirin on collagen-induced platelet aggregation and on platelet nucleotides including adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate (1970)

1. Human platelet nucleotides were labelled by incubating platelet-rich plasma with [U-(14)C]adenine. With such platelets, the effects of prostaglandin E1, theophylline and aspirin were determined on collagen-induced platelet aggregation and release of platelet ATP and ADP. Intracellular changes of platelet radioactive nucleotides, particularly 3':5'-cyclic AMP, were also determined both with and without collagen treatment. 2. Prostaglandin E1, theophylline and aspirin inhibited collagen-induced aggregation of platelets in a dose-dependent manner. Collagen-induced release of ATP and ADP and breakdown of radioactive ATP were also inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. 3. Prostaglandin E1 stimulated the formation of platelet radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP in a dose-dependent manner. With a given dose of prostaglandin E1, maximum formation of radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP occurred by 10-30s and thereafter the concentrations declined. The degree of inhibition of aggregation produced by prostaglandin E1, however, increased with its time of incubation in platelet-rich plasma before addition of collagen, so that there was an inverse relationship between the radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP concentration measured at the time of collagen addition and the subsequent degree of inhibition of aggregation obtained. 4. Neither theophylline nor aspirin at a concentration in platelet-rich plasma of 1.7mm altered platelet radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP contents. In the presence of prostaglandin E1, theophylline increased the concentration of radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP over that noted with prostaglandin E1 alone, but aspirin did not. 5. Mixtures of prostaglandin E1 and theophylline had a synergistic effect on inhibition of platelet aggregation. The same was true to a lesser extent with mixtures of prostaglandin E1 and aspirin. Such mixtures also inhibited collagen-induced release of platelet ATP and ADP and breakdown of platelet radioactive ATP. 6. Certain concentrations of either theophylline or aspirin and mixtures of small concentrations of prostaglandin E1 with either theophylline or aspirin caused little or no increase of radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP at the time of collagen addition, but inhibited aggregation to a marked degree, whereas higher concentrations of prostaglandin E1 alone caused a much greater increase of radioactive 3':5'-cyclic AMP at the time of collagen addition but inhibited aggregation to a lesser extent. With these compounds there does not appear to be a correlation between these parameters.
Gold Nanoparticles Inhibit VEGF165-Induced Proliferation of HUVEC Cells (2004)

Gold nanoparticles inhibit VEGF165, a heparin binding growth factor, induced proliferation of HUVEC cells but do not interfere with the activity of VEGF121, a non-heparin binding growth factor. The interaction between gold nanoparticles and VEGF165 primarily occurs through the heparin binding domain of the protein. VEGF121 does not have a heparin binding domain and hence is not inactivated by gold nanoparticles.
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Study on Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells (2005)

We conducted a comprehensive Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) study on a classical organic solar cell system consisting of MDMO-PPV/PCBM blends. The KPFM method yields the information of topography and local work function at the nanometer scale. Experiments were performed either in the dark or under cw laser illumination at 442 nm. We identified distinct differences in the energetics on the surface of chlorobenzene and toluene cast blend films. Together with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments we were able to interpret the KPFM results and to draw some conclusions for the electron transport toward the cathode in the solar cell configuration. The results suggest that surfaces of toluene cast films exhibit a morphologically controlled hindrance for electron propagation toward the cathode, which is usually evaporated on top of the films in the solar cell device configuration.
Channel/switchbox definition for VLSI building-block layout (1991)

A study is made of the problem of routing region definition and ordering in VLSI building-block layout design. An algorithm to decompose the routing area into straight channels and rectangular switchboxes corresponding to line segments in the routing structure of the placement such that the number of switchboxes is minimized, is presented. The algorithm is based on a graph-theory approach that makes use of an efficient polynomial time algorithm for computing minimum clique covers of triangulated graphs. Experimental results indicate that the algorithm performs well. For all the test problems considered, the algorithm consistently outperformed a previous known greedy algorithm, and it produced optimal solutions in all but one case.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conventional-Microwave Mediated Synthesis and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Carbazole-Efflux Pump Inhibitor Hybrid Antibacterials (2017)

Work presented herein is the first report of two dual-action hybrids synthesized by covalent linkage of carbazole based novel antibacterial compounds with efflux pump inhibitors, that is, indole acetic acid/gallic acid. In this paper, novel antibacterial compounds 2 and 3 were prepared first and then these were covalently linked with efflux pump inhibitors, that is, indole acetic acid/gallic acid leading to the successful formation of two dual-action hybrids 4 and 5 . Prepared antibacterials and hybrids were evaluated for their bacteria cell killing capability against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Pasteurella multocida , and Bacillus subtilis. Both antibacterial compounds 2 and 3 were found effective against all tested bacterial strains at different concentrations. But when these compounds were linked with efflux pump inhibitors, they showed dramatic enhancement in their bacterial cell killing potential and minimum inhibitory concentration of all hybrids ranging from 7.250 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>g/mL to 0.05 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>g/mL. These prepared hybrid drugs will be promising and effective new agents in the category of dual-action antibiotics.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Tribological Evaluation of TiO<sub>2</sub>-Reinforced Boron and Nitrogen co-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Hybrid Nanomaterials as Efficient Antiwear Lubricant Additives (2016)

The microwave-synthesized reduced graphene oxide (MRG), boron-doped reduced graphene oxide (B-MRG), nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-MRG), boron-nitrogen-co-doped reduced graphene oxide (B-N-MRG), and TiO2-reinforced B-N-MRG (TiO2-B-N-MRG) nanomaterials have been synthesized and characterized by various state-of-the-art techniques, like Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the tribological properties of prepared nanomaterials as antiwear additives in neutral paraffin oil have been evaluated using a four-ball machine at an optimized additive concentration (0.15% w/v). The tribological parameters, like mean wear scar diameter, coefficient of friction, and wear rates, revealed that these nanomaterials have potential to be developed as environmentally friendly sulfated-ash-, phosphorus-, and sulfur-free antiwear lubricant additives. The friction- and wear-reducing behavior of MRG increased upon successive doping of nitrogen, boron, and both nitrogen and boron. Among these additives, B-N-co-doped MRG shows superior tribological behavior in paraffin base oil. Besides this, the load-carrying properties of B-N-co-doped MRG have significantly improved after its reinforcement with TiO2 nanoparticles. A comparative study of the surface morphology of a lubricated track in the presence of various additives has been assessed by SEM and contact-mode atomic force microscopy. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies have proved that the excellent lubrication properties of TiO2-B-N-MRG are due to the in situ formation of a tribofilm composed of boron nitride, adsorbed graphene layers, and tribosintered TiO2 nanoparticles during the tribocontact. Being sulfur-, halogen-, and phosphorus-free, these graphene-based nanomaterials act as green antiwear additives, protecting interacting surfaces significantly from wear and tear.
Synthetic peptides competitively inhibit both direct binding to fibroblasts and functional biological assays for the purified cell-binding domain of fibronectin. (1985)

The 75,000-dalton cell-binding domain of fibronectin (f75k) and synthetic peptides derived from its sequence have been used to examine the cell-surface fibronectin receptor. The spreading of baby hamster kidney fibrolasts on f75k-coated substrates and the direct binding of [3H]f75k to these cells were both competitively inhibited by a synthetic peptide of fibronectin with the sequence Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser, indicating that the peptide and f75k interact with the same cell-surface sites. Related peptides, including the inverted sequence Ser-Asp-Gly-Arg, also competed for f75k binding. Our results provide the first evidence that fibroblastic baby hamster kidney cells recognize the same fibronectin amino acid sequence in direct binding of soluble ligand and in indirect inhibitory biological assays, thus correlating our direct fibronectin-receptor binding assay with biological functional assays for the fibronectin receptor in fibroblasts.
Biomechanical Analysis and Review of Lateral Lumbar Fusion Constructs (2010)

The extreme lateral interbody construct provided the largest stand-alone reduction in ROM compared with literature-reported ALIF and TLIF constructs. Supplemental bilateral pedicle screw-based fixation provided the overall greatest reduction in ROM, similar among all interbody approach techniques. Lateral fixation and unilateral pedicle screw fixation provided intermediate reductions in ROM. Clinically, surgeons may evaluate these comparative results to choose fixation options commensurate with the stability requirements of individual patients.
Metamodeling-rapid design and evolution of domain-specific modeling environments (2005)

Model integrated computing (MIC) is gaining increased attention as an effective and efficient method for developing, maintaining, and evolving large-scale, domain-specific software applications for computer-based systems. MIC is a model-based approach to software development, allowing the synthesis of application programs from models created using customized, domain-specific model integrated program synthesis (MIPS) environments. Until now, these MIPS environments have been handcrafted. Analysis has shown that it is possible to "model the modeling environment" by creating a metamodel that specifies both the syntactic and semantic behavior of the desired domain-specific MIPS environment (DSME). Such a metamodel could then be used to synthesize the DSME itself allowing the entire design environment to safely and efficiently evolve in the face of changing domain requirements. This paper discusses the use of the Unified Modeling Language and the Object Constraint Language to specify, such metamodels, and describes a method for incorporating these metamodels into the MultiGraph Architecture, a MIPS creation toolset.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Polystyrene Plastic under Fluorescent Light (2003)

Plastic is used widely all over the world, due to the fact that it is low cost, is easily processable, and has lightweight properties. However, the hazard of discarding waste plastic, so-called "white pollution", is becoming more and more severe. In this paper, solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of polystyrene (PS) plastic, one of the most common commercial plastics, over copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) sensitized TiO2 photocatalyst (TiO2/CuPc) has been investigated under fluorescent light irradiation in the air. UV-vis spectra show that TiO2/CuPc extends its photoresponse range to visible light, contrasting to only UV light absorption of pure TiO2. The PS photodegradation experiments exhibit that higher PS weight loss rate, lower PS average molecular weight, less amount of volatile organic compounds, and more CO2 can be obtained in the system of PS-(TiO2/CuPc), in comparison with the PS-TiO2 system. Therefore, PS photodegradation over TiO2 CuPc composite is more complete and efficient than over pure TiO2, suggesting the potential application of dye-sensitized TiO2 catalyst in the thorough photodegradation of PS plastic under fluorescent light. During the photodegradation of PS plastic, the reactive oxygen species generated on TiO2 or TiO2/CuPc particle surfaces play important roles in chain scission. The present study demonstrates that the combination of polymer plastic with dye-sensitized TiO2 catalyst in the form of thin film is a practical and useful way to photodegrade plastic contaminants in the sunlight.
Vanadium-doped indium tin oxide as hole-injection layer in organic light-emitting devices (2005)

Organic light-emitting devices were fabricated by using vanadium-doped indium tin oxide (ITO) as the hole-injection layers between the hole transport layer, N,N′-dia(1-napthl)-N,N′-diphenyl benzidine and the ITO anode. The vanadium-doped ITO layer was 15-nm thick with three different vanadium concentrations (6, 10.5, and 12.5mol%). Three different resistivities (10, 500, and 10000Ωcm) and work functions (5, 5.2, and 5.4eV) were obtained. The device with 6mol% V-doped ITO layer possessing the least resistivity (10Ωcm) and work function (5eV) has the lowest turn-on voltage (below 3V), the lowest operating voltage (below 7V), the highest luminance (1000cd∕m2 below 7V), and the highest power efficiency (&gt;5lm∕W at 10mA∕cm2) among all. Such performance was attributed to the balance between the carrier concentration and the energy barrier for the hole injection.
Gas-Phase Ion Mobility Studies of Amines and Polyether/Amine Complexes Using Tandem Quadrupole Ion Trap/Ion Mobility Spectrometry (2000)

The gas-phase positive ion mobility spectra of isomeric amines and polyether/amine complexes have been measured using a tandem quadrupole ion trap/ion mobility spectrometer. Ion mobilities of isomeric amines in helium, determined relative to benzene at pressures in the range 1–2 Torr, vary with the structure of the amine. The ability of quadrupole ion trap/ion mobility spectrometry to differentiate between a pharmacologically-active substance and an associated isomeric amine is demonstrated. Non-covalent complexes of cyclic and acyclic polyethers with protonated amines were generated by ion/molecule reactions in the ion trap and analysed by ion mobility spectrometry. The ion mobilities in helium may be interpreted in terms of the preferred conformations for these complexes. The use of polyether hosts as shift compounds for enhancing the relative mobilities of small amine guest ions is proposed.
Improvement of Ionic Conductivity in Plasticized PEO‐Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes (1993)

The ionic conductivity of a solid polymer electrolyte based on a lithium salt dissolved in a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) host was significantly improved with the use of plasticizing agents. Either a plasticizing salt, solvent, or combinations of both were incorporated into free‐standing solution‐cast films of . The greatest enhancement of conductivity was observed when a plasticizing salt and solvent (diethyl phthalate) were combined, with the most notable improvement occurring below the melting temperature of PEO (≈66°C). Conductivity increased from at 20°C to with the addition of both plasticizers.
Surface properties of CeO2 from first principles (2004)

The surface energies and electronic structure of (111), (110), and (100) surfaces of CeO2 have been studied using the first-principles projector augmented-wave method within the local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and are compared with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at 10 K. Slabs of the same thicknesses were used for the two methods (lamellar three-dimensional boxes in the case of density functional theory and two-dimensional isolated slabs in the MD simulations). The polar (100) surface of CeO2 was modeled as an oxygen-terminated surface with half of the oxygen atoms moved from one surface to the other to fulfill the stoichiometric formula. Among a number of different possible terminations, the checkerboard termination was found to be the most stable. Out of all three low-index surfaces, the (111) surface was found to be the most stable, in agreement with experiment and previous calculations. Our calculated surface energy is 1.0 J/m2 (LDA) and 0.7 J/m2 (GGA). Both values are lower than most calculated surface energies for this surface in the literature, including our present MD results (1.4 J/m2). For (110) our surface energies (LDA, GGA, and MD) are 40%–60% higher than for (111). The structural relaxation is considerably larger for (110) than for (111) and shows excellent agreement between LDA, GGA, and MD. Also the electronic density of states shows larger differences between surface and bulk for the (110) surface than for (111), with, for example, a decrease of the band gap between the valence band (essentially O 2p) and the empty Ce 4f band in the (110) surface region compared to the bulk.