gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The wear resistance of thermal spray the tungsten and chromium carbides coatings (2011)

Purpose: The objective of the work concerns of wear-resistance of different kinds of thermal spray coatings covering industrial fun blades. The coatings were sprayed onto the fun blades by Plasma Spraying and High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Spraying (HVOF) methods. The Cr3C2, WC and also its compositions were sprayed into the fun blades. The coatings were tested in industry conditions and the effect of influence of centrifugation industry emissions on the stage of the wearing after the exploitation was compared for deposited coatings. Design/methodology/approach: The investigations of coating microstructures by optical microscopy (MO) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed. The examination of fun blades after the exploitation and the analysis of the obtained results was correlated with the performed microstructure observations and microhardness data of coatings. Findings: The microstructures of Cr and W carbides coatings were observed and analyzed. The microhardness of the sprayed coatings was compared. The coatings were evaluated from the point of view resistance against the wear. Practical implications: The performed investigations provide information, which kind of carbide coatings characterize the most wear resistance in the industrial conditions. Originality/value: It was assumed that HFOV coats have more uniform microstructure, higher microhardness, which could suggests better resistance against the wear and grindability.
Redistribution of Na<sub>V</sub>1.8 in Uninjured Axons Enables Neuropathic Pain (2003)

The underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain are poorly understood, and existing treatments are mostly ineffective. We recently demonstrated that antisense mediated "knock-down" of the sodium channel isoform, Na(V)1.8, reverses neuropathic pain behavior after L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL), implicating a critical functional role of Na(V)1.8 in the neuropathic state. Here we have investigated mechanisms through which Na(V)1.8 contributes to the expression of experimental neuropathic pain. Na(V)1.8 does not appear to contribute to neuropathic pain through an action in injured afferents because the channel is functionally downregulated in the cell bodies of injured neurons and does not redistribute to injured terminals. Although there was little change in Na(V)1.8 protein or functional channels in the cell bodies of uninjured neurons in L4 ganglia, there was a striking increase in Na(V)1.8 immunoreactivity along the sciatic nerve. The distribution of Na(V)1.8 reflected predominantly the presence of functional channels in unmyelinated axons. The C-fiber component of the sciatic nerve compound action potential (CAP) was resistant (>40%) to 100 microm TTX after SNL, whereas both A- and C-fiber components of sciatic nerve CAP were blocked (>90%) by 100 microm TTX in sham-operated rats or the contralateral sciatic nerve of SNL rats. Attenuating expression of Na(V)1.8 with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides prevented the redistribution of Na(V)1.8 in the sciatic nerve and reversed neuropathic pain. These observations suggest that aberrant activity in uninjured C-fibers is a necessary component of pain associated with partial nerve injury. They also suggest that blocking Na(V)1.8 would be an effective treatment of neuropathic pain.
Sparsity considerations in network solution by tearing (1980)

Network solution by tearing consists of partitioning the network into subnetworks, solving each subnetwork separately, and then combining the subnetwork solutions to obtain the solution of the entire network. In this paper it is shown that all recently proposed sparse matrix algorithms for network solution by tearing belong to a set of algorithms which is derived by applying block matrix elimination to a partitioned system of network equations. The computational requirements of the algorithms are determined and compared. Equation sparsity is considered at all levels in the solution process. In particular, the structures of the equations at the subnetwork level as well as the interconnection level are analyzed in detail.
Nanotextured solar cells using aluminum as a catalyst and dopant (2016)

A black silicon solar cell fabricated using aluminum as both a catalyst and dopant is demonstrated. A nanowire/nanopyramid black silicon surface texture is grown via aluminum (Al)-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid growth, and post-growth annealing diffuses the aluminum into the n-type substrate, forming a p-n junction. Devices with nanopyramid surface textures are found to have higher short-circuit currents and open-circuit voltages than nanowire surface textures grown at lower temperatures, and post-growth annealing times of 15-30 minutes are found to promote higher short-circuit current densities. External quantum efficiency measurements show that the highest photoconversion occurs in the red and IR regions for all devices, with low quantum efficiencies at shorter wavelengths even when the p-type silicon surface is passivated with alumina. The quantum efficiency spectra imply that the devices are limited by recombination on the illuminated side of the device. Based on these results and previous data on Al-catalyzed wires and pyramids, excess Al incorporation and Al cluster formation in the emitter are suggested as the primary factors currently limiting device performance.
SPECIAL PAPER: HAPLOIDS FROM POLLEN GRAINS—RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT (1982)

The production of large numbers of haploid plants from pollen grains in aseptic culture of anthers or isolated pollen grains has now been demonstrated in many angiosperms. It is a technique which holds much promise for creating desired variability by mutations for biochemical and applied genetics and for producing pure lines for crop improvement. This paper reviews the research on the production of haploids from pollen grains. The response is dependent on a variety of factors such as media formulation (especially the hormone component), genotype and physiological status of the donor plant, developmental stage of the pollen grain, anther culture environment and anther wall itself—all of which influence greatly the successful production of haploid plants. Although still in its infancy, the culture of isolated pollen is seen as a promising line of further research as it has the potential of offering several advantages over the culture of whole anthers.
Efficacy and safety of cinitapride in functional dyspepsia. (2013)

The drug was effective in minimising dyspepsia symptoms, and improving the quality of life of patients. It was well tolerated and was almost free of side effects.
Asymmetrische Organokatalyse (2001)

Die letzten Jahre waren geprägt von spektakulären Entwicklungen neuer katalytischer Methoden unter Einsatz metallfreier organischer Verbindungen. In vielen Fällen verhelfen diese zu extrem hohen Enantioselektivtäten. Die präparativen Vorteile sind beachtlich: Meist können die Reaktionen an der Luft und mit nicht getrockneten Lösungsmitteln durchgeführt werden. Die Katalysatoren sind preiswert und häufig wesentlich stabiler als Enzyme oder andere bioorganische Katalysatoren. Daneben können diese niedermolekularen organischen Verbindungen leichter als metallorganische oder bioorganische Analoga an einer festen Phase verankert und somit wiederverwendet werden. Sie sind viel versprechende Reagentien für das Hochdurchsatz-Screening und industrielle Prozesse. Wir werden uns auf vier Gebiete konzentrieren, in denen die Organokatalyse zu wesentlichen Fortschritten geführt hat: 1) Die Aktivierung von Reaktionen aufgrund der nucleophilen/elektrophilen Eigenschaften der Katalysatoren. Dieser Katalysetyp hat viele Gemeinsamkeiten mit der konventionellen Lewis-Säure/Base-Aktivierung bei Verwendung von Metallkomplexen. 2) Umwandlungen, bei denen der organische Katalysator eine reaktive Zwischenstufe bildet: Der chirale Katalysator wird in der Reaktion verbraucht und muss in einem parallelen Katalysecyclus regeneriert werden. 3) Phasentransferreaktionen: Der chirale Katalysator bildet einen Wirt-Gast-Komplex mit dem Substrat und pendelt zwischen dem organischen Standardlösungsmittel und einer zweiten Phase (z. B. einem Feststoff, einer wässrigen oder einer fluorigen Phase), in der die organische Reaktion stattfindet. 4) Asymmetrische Umwandlungen, die beschleunigt in einer molekularen Cavität ablaufen: Der Katalysator kann dabei zwischen Substraten unterscheiden, die um die Bindungsstelle in Abhängigkeit von Kriterien wie Größe und Struktur konkurrieren. Die Erhöhung der Geschwindigkeit einer gegebenen Reaktion ist ähnlich groß wie bei der Aktivierung durch eine Lewis-Säure/Base und ist die Folge der konzertierten Einflüsse verschiedener polarer Gruppen. Die Katalyse durch organische Verbindungen konkurriert nicht mit bestehenden Methoden, sondern stellt eine Ergänzung dar. Sie ist konzeptionell neuartig, öffnet einen neuen Horizont in der Synthese und bereichert diese.
Synthesis of liquid-crystalline polysiloxanes and polymethacrylates with broad temperature ranges of the chiral smectic C phase (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of liquid-crystalline polysiloxanes and polymethacrylates with broad temperature ranges of the chiral smectic C phaseChain Shu Hsu, Li Jen Shih, and Ging Ho HsiueCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 12, 3161–3167Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00064a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00064a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
APPENDIX (2004)

Journal Article APPENDIX Get access E. A. HOFFMAN, E. A. HOFFMAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. S. BLOUIN M. S. BLOUIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Evolution, Volume 58, Issue 1, 1 January 2004, Pages iii–iv, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb01567.x Published: 01 January 2004
Design and evaluation of fault-tolerant shared file system for cluster systems (2002)

The paper describes the design and evaluation of a Fault Tolerant Shared File System (FTSFS) architecture for cluster systems with shared disks. The FTSFS architecture: guarantees no file system (FS) structure crashes on processor/program failure; can be applied to any existing nonshared FS without changing the structure of the FS; and does not degrade performance on the shared FS compared with a standard non shared FS. Using the FTSFS architecture, we implemented a fault tolerant shared FS on Fujitsu's SVR4 duplex system, and evaluated the system performance. The evaluation showed that the shared FS is competitive in performance with the standard SVR4-UFS (Unix File System).
Subsystems of Spacecraft (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Structure and Mechanisms Electrical Power Supply Thermal Control Satellite Propulsion Attitude Control Data Management Communication Bibliography
EcoCast: Interactive, object-oriented macroprogramming for networks of ultra-compact wireless sensor nodes (2011)

EcoCast is an execution framework for macroprogramming of wire-less sensor networks. Users access sensor nodes as dynamic objects in Python by invoking methods on them without being concerned with network protocols, and type marshalling and demarshalling ensure proper data access. EcoCast extends Python’s functional programming primitives map(), reduce(), and filter() to macro-programming with several synchrony semantics and job-control op-tions. EcoCast can compile Python lambda expressions and func-tions to run on the nodes at native speed without requiring most users to write code in C or assembly, and it patches the firmware transparently without rebooting. The use of Python also facili-tates host-side application development by enabling developers to take full advantage of the rich code libraries and data structures in Python. Experimental results show the reprogramming and execu-tion latencies of EcoCast scale well over the size of the network while occupying a small memory footprint. Categories and Subject Descriptors C.3 [Special-Purpose and Application-Based Systems]: Real-time and embedded systems—wireless sensing systems; D.2.6 [Software
Immunohistochemical expression of glutathione S‐transferase‐π can predict chemotherapy response in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (1996)

BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapy agents is a major problem in the treatment of patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Recent studies have indicated that glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π) may play an important role in the resistance of cancer cells to alkylating agents, including cisplatin compounds. METHODS The expression of GST-π in tissues obtained by bronchoscopic biopsy from 38 NSCLC patients was investigated immunohistochemically. These patients were treated with a combination of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and were evaluated to determine the relationship between GST-π expression and chemotherapy response. RESULTS Of the 38 patients, 25 (66%) were GST-π-positive and 13 (34%) were negative. There was no significant correlation between GST-π expression and the clinicopathologic factors examined (age, sex, performance status, histology, differentiation grade, and stage). Of the 38 patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, 12 patients responded to chemotherapy (overall response rate, 32%). For the patients with negative GST-π expression, the response rate was 69% (9 of 13 patients). In the patients with positive GST-π expression, the response rate was 12% (3 of 25 patients). This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0012). CONCLUSIONS The expression of GST-π in NSCLC patients was significantly related to response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and may be a useful predictor of chemotherapy response. Cancer 1996;78;416-21.
Honey, Mud, Maggots, and Other Medical Marvels: The Science Behind Folk Remedies and Old Wives' Tales (1997)

Many modern medical practices began as old wives' tales of folk remedies. This text investigates a multicultural variety of age-old remedies often dismissed by 20th-century Western medicine as harmful or foolish but now shown to have real scientific validity. This text calls upon the medical establishment to open itself up to the possibilities of alternative therapies - remedies that have withstood the test of time precisely because they work. The authors take an excursion into the world of folk medicine, unearthing stories that range widely across time and place, fron ancient Egypt to the rain forests of contemporary Latin America. The notion that modern clinical practice is the only effective medicine is challenged and current research verifies the biochemical bases for the efficacy of supposedly outdated practices.
Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on the surface potential and Schottky barrier height of AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructures (2010)

The variations in surface potential and the Schottky barrier height ϕB in fluorine-plasma-treated AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructures are systematically studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, providing insights to the mechanisms underlying the strong threshold voltage (Vth) modulation achieved by the F plasma treatment technology. It is found that a large amount of AlF3 appeared on the surface after the treatment, indicating a fluorinated surface. In addition, the surface potential of Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN heterostructure was increased by ∼0.38 eV during the first 60 s of the treatment and then rises slowly with additional treatment. Annealing at 400 °C in N2 ambient for 10 min does not affect the surface potential, but results in quick reduction in AlF3, consistent with the relative poor thermal stability of AlF3 reported in literature. ϕB between Ni and F-plasma-treated Al0.25Ga0.75N surface was extrapolated from the shift in Ga 2p3/2 core-level and exhibits a small increase of 0.20 eV. The enhanced ϕB is much smaller than the positive shift in Vth observed from high electron mobility transistors fabricated with the same treatment conditions, suggesting that the primary factor responsible for the conversion from depletion-mode to enhancement-mode AlxGa1−xN/GaN by F plasma treatment is not the surface modifications but rather the negative fixed charges carried by F ions in AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructures.
A Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Three Glass-Ionomer Cements (1994)

A comparison was made on the mechanical properties of three glass-ionomer cements, one of which was of experimental fiber-reinforcing and auto-curing type. Two others were proprietary auto-curing and light-activating cements. Biaxial flexure test was conducted on disc samples. Three-point bending test was also carried out on bar samples to determine modulus of elasticity and strength. All samples were kept at 37 degrees C and 100% RH for 24 h before testing under ambient conditions. A prolonged fracture process was observed in the experimental cement, demonstrating the effect of fiber incorporation in stabilizing the fracture process. The proprietary cements failed in a brittle manner. Comparison of the mechanical properties identified three characteristics. These were a high Weibull modulus resulting from the stabilization in fracture process, a modulus of elasticity value comparable to that of dentin, and a high biaxial flexure strength close to that of a dental resin composite.
Promotion of a Favorable Gut Flora in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2000)

Recent evidence suggests that the composition of colonic flora plays a role in intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBO). This review examines the evidence that altering the concentrations of colonic bacteria might benefit patients with this condition.
Scaling vertical drag forces in granular media (2005)

The average drag forces on intruders slowly plunging into and withdrawing from shallow beds of monodisperse smooth glass beads and of sifted rough sand scale with the immersion depth and lateral dimensions of the intruder. The withdrawal forces are comparable for both types of media; however, the plunging forces for sand are substantially greater than for smooth glass beads. Furthermore, for glass beads, the rescaled plunging and withdrawal forces have two different power law dependences on the immersion depth, with exponents greater than unity.
Efficacy of glow discharge gas plasma treatment as a surface modification process for three‐dimensional poly (<scp>D,L</scp>‐lactide) scaffolds (2003)

Gas plasma surface modification of three-dimensional poly (D,L-lactide) scaffolds fabricated by a novel vibrating particle fabrication technique was demonstrated to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation over 10 days in culture using human embryonic palatal mesenchyme cells. Characterization of corresponding two-dimensional treated surfaces revealed decreased contact angle measurements of 54.2 +/- 0.6 degrees for treated surfaces compared to 72.3 +/- 0.7 degrees for control surfaces (p < 0.05). SEM of treated surfaces revealed increased surface roughness combined with marked pitting and erosion. This may contribute to increased cell adhesion. WST-1 cell proliferation assay measurements as an index of cell numbers revealed a statistically significant increase in proliferation activity on treated surfaces on days 1 and 4 compared with controls. There was a fivefold increase in WST-1 activity for both control and treated groups over 10 days. Confocal laser micrographs revealed increased cell numbers on treated specimens throughout all layers of the scaffold, indicating that the glow discharge process enhanced cell proliferation throughout the entire scaffold architecture. Scanning electron micrographs demonstrated increased cell adhesion for treated specimens at the polymer surface most evident after days 1 and 4 of culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-specific activity peaked by day 7 for control and treated surfaces, indicating cellular differentiation. There was a trend for increased protein production on the treated specimens compared with controls at the initial time points although the differences were not statistically significant. These results demonstrated that gas plasma surface modification enhances osteoblast-like cell function in a three-dimensional scaffold model.
MnO<sub>2</sub> Nanoflake-Shelled Carbon Nanotube Particles for High-Performance Supercapacitors (2017)

We introduce MnO2 nanoflake/carbon nanotube (CNT) core–shell particles for high-performance supercapacitors. The CNT particles prepared by drying the CNT-dispersed aerosol produce a tightly intertwined CNT assembly by internal capillary force, and the subsequent growth of MnO2 on the CNT surface produces a high surface area MnO2 nanoflake shell. We control the amount of MnO2 decoration on the CNT particles and obtain a specific capacitance of 370 F/g at current density of 0.5 A/g upon their supercapacitor electrode application. This capacitance is 14 times higher than that of bare CNT particles and 3 times higher than that of bare MnO2 particles. An asymmetric capacitor based on the MnO2/CNT particle is assembled. The capacitor reveals a remarkably high power density of 225 W/kg. This performance is attributed to the contribution of the high pseudocapacitance of a compact MnO2 nanoflake and the high electrical conductivity of CNT particles with compact packing.
Antiinflammatory effect of flavonoids in the natural juice from Aronia melanocarpa, rutin and rutin-magnesium complex on an experimental model of inflammation induced by histamine and serotonin. (1994)

The antiinflammatory effects of the anthocyane flavonoids in the natural juice from Aronia melanocarpa and of rutin-magnesium complex, the water-soluble derivative of rutin were studied in comparison with rutin. Two experimental models of inflammation were used. Inflammation of rat hind paw was induced either by 0.5% solution of histamine or by 0.01% solution of serotonin. The swelling of the rat paw was measured oncometrically by a pletismometer. The results showed that the anthocyane flavonoids from the natural juice of Aronia melanocarpa exerted more pronounced effects as compared to rutin in both models of inflammation. The rutin-magnesium complex did not exhibit any antiinflammatory activity against histamine-induced inflammation. Its effects against serotonin-induced inflammation were comparable to those of rutin.