gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Privacy-Conscious Threat Intelligence Using DNSBLoom (2019)

The Domain Name System (DNS) is an essential component of every interaction on the Internet. DNS translates human-readable names into machine readable IP addresses. Conversely, DNS requests provide a wealth of information about what goes on in the network. Malicious activity - such as phishing, malware and botnets - also makes use of the DNS. Thus, monitoring DNS traffic is essential for the security team's toolbox. Yet because DNS is so essential to Internet services, tracking DNS is also highly privacy-invasive, as what domain names a user requests reveals their Internet use. Therefore, in an age of comprehensive privacy legislation, such as Europe's GDPR, simply logging every DNS request is not acceptable.In this paper we present DNSBloom, a system that uses Bloom Filters as a privacy-enhancing technology to store DNS requests. Bloom Filters act as a probabilistic set, where a membership test either returns probable membership (with a small false positive probability), or certain non-membership. Because Bloom Filters do not store original information, and because DNSBloom aggregates queries from multiple users over fixed time periods, the system offers strong privacy guarantees while enabling security professionals to check with a high degree of confidence whether certain DNS queries associated with malicious activity have occurred. We validate DNSBloom through three case studies performed on the production DNS infrastructure of a major global research network, and release a working prototype, that integrates with popular DNS resolvers, in open source.
Understanding the Effect of Monomeric Iridium(III/IV) Aquo Complexes on the Photoelectrochemistry of IrO<sub><i>x</i></sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O-Catalyzed Water-Splitting Systems (2015)

Soluble, monomeric Ir(III/IV) complexes strongly affect the photoelectrochemical performance of IrO(x)·nH2O-catalyzed photoanodes for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The synthesis of IrO(x)·nH2O colloids by alkaline hydrolysis of Ir(III) or Ir(IV) salts proceeds through monomeric intermediates that were characterized using electrochemical and spectroscopic methods and modeled in TDDFT calculations. In air-saturated solutions, the monomers exist in a mixture of Ir(III) and Ir(IV) oxidation states, where the most likely formulations at pH 13 are [Ir(OH)5(H2O)](2-) and [Ir(OH)6](2-), respectively. These monomeric anions strongly adsorb onto IrO(x)·nH2O colloids but can be removed by precipitation of the colloids with isopropanol. The monomeric anions strongly adsorb onto TiO2, and they promote the adsorption of ligand-free IrO(x)·nH2O colloids onto mesoporous titania photoanodes. However, the reversible adsorption/desorption of electroactive monomers effectively short-circuits the photoanode redox cycle and thus dramatically degrades the photoelectrochemical performance of the cell. The growth of a dense TiO2 barrier layer prevents access of soluble monomeric anions to the interface between the oxide semiconductor and the electrode back contact (a fluorinated tin oxide transparent conductor) and leads to improved photoanode performance. Purified IrO(x)·nH2O colloids, which contain no adsorbed monomer, give improved performance at the same electrodes. These results explain earlier observations that IrO(x)·nH2O catalysts can dramatically degrade the performance of metal oxide photoanodes for the OER reaction.
MAP-JOIN-REDUCE: Toward Scalable and Efficient Data Analysis on Large Clusters (2010)

Data analysis is an important functionality in cloud computing which allows a huge amount of data to be processed over very large clusters. MapReduce is recognized as a popular way to handle data in the cloud environment due to its excellent scalability and good fault tolerance. However, compared to parallel databases, the performance of MapReduce is slower when it is adopted to perform complex data analysis tasks that require the joining of multiple data sets in order to compute certain aggregates. A common concern is whether MapReduce can be improved to produce a system with both scalability and efficiency. In this paper, we introduce Map-Join-Reduce, a system that extends and improves MapReduce runtime framework to efficiently process complex data analysis tasks on large clusters. We first propose a filtering-join-aggregation programming model, a natural extension of MapReduce's filtering-aggregation programming model. Then, we present a new data processing strategy which performs filtering-join-aggregation tasks in two successive MapReduce jobs. The first job applies filtering logic to all the data sets in parallel, joins the qualified tuples, and pushes the join results to the reducers for partial aggregation. The second job combines all partial aggregation results and produces the final answer. The advantage of our approach is that we join multiple data sets in one go and thus avoid frequent checkpointing and shuffling of intermediate results, a major performance bottleneck in most of the current MapReduce-based systems. We benchmark our system against Hive, a state-of-the-art MapReduce-based data warehouse on a 100-node cluster on Amazon EC2 using TPC-H benchmark. The results show that our approach significantly boosts the performance of complex analysis queries.
Contributions of engineered surface salt bridges to the stability of T4 lysozyme determined by directed mutagenesis (1991)

Six designed mutants of T4 lysozyme were created in an attempt to create putative salt bridges on the surface of the protein. The first three of the mutants, T115E (Thr 115 to Glu), Q123E, and N144E, were designed to introduce a new charged side chain close to one or more existing charged groups of the opposite sign on the surface of the protein. In each of these cases the putative electrostatic interactions introduced by the mutation include possible salt bridges between residues within consecutive turns of an alpha-helix. Effects of the mutations ranged from no change in stability to a 1.5 degrees C (0.5 kcal/mol) increase in melting temperature. In two cases, secondary (double) mutants were constructed as controls in which the charge partner was removed from the primary mutant structure. These controls proteins indicate that the contributions to stability from each of the engineered salt bridges is very small (about 0.1-0.25 kcal/mol in 0.15 M KCl). The structures of the three primary mutants were determined by X-ray crystallography and shown to be essentially the same as the wild-type structure except at the site of the mutation. Although the introduced charges in the T115E and Q123E structures are within 3-5 A of their intended partner, the introduced side chains and their intended partners were observed to be quite mobile. It has been shown that the salt bridge between His 31 and Asp 70 in T4 lysozyme stabilizes the protein by 3-5 kcal/mol [Anderson, D. E., Becktel, W. J., & Dahlquist, F. W. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 2403-2408]. To test the effectiveness of His...Asp interactions in general, three additional double mutants, K60H/L13D, K83H/A112D, and S90H/Q122D, were created in order to introduce histidine-aspartate charge pairs on the surface of the protein. Each of these mutants destabilizes the protein by 1-3 kcal/mol in 0.15 M KCl at pH values from 2 to 6.5. The X-ray crystallographic structure of the mutant K83H/A112D has been determined and shows that there are backbone conformational changes of 0.3-0.6 A extending over several residues. The introduction of the histidine and aspartate presumably introduces strain into the folded protein that destabilizes this variant. It is concluded that pairs of oppositely charged residues that are on the surface of a protein and have freedom to adopt different conformations do not tend to come together to form structurally localized salt bridges. Rather, such residues tend to remain mobile, interact weakly if at all, and do not contribute significantly to protein stability. It is argued that the entropic cost of localizing a pair of solvent-exposed charged groups on the surface of a protein largely offsets the interaction energy expected from the formation of a defined salt bridge. There are examples of strong salt bridges in proteins, but such interactions require that the folding of the protein provides the requisite driving energy to hold the interacting partners in the correct rigid alignment.
Pulse sequence programming in a dynamic visual environment: SequenceTree (2015)

SequenceTree is an innovative, open source, visual pulse sequence environment for MRI combining simplicity with flexibility and is ideal both for advanced users and users with limited programming experience.
Evaluation of Blast Furnace Slag Slurries for Oilfield Application (1994)

Abstract This paper presents an investigation of several slurries using field and laboratory prepared drilling fluids solidified with Blast Furnace Slag. The data presented includes base mud properties, final slurry composition, and slurry properties. This investigation includes measurements of the common properties of thickening time, compressive strength, free water, etc. It also includes an evaluation of the bulk shrinkage of the set material, shear bond, etc., as well as rheological compatibility studies of the finished slurries with the base muds. These additional tests are considered critical in the potential application of this process under field conditions. Results of large scale bond log tests are included. One of the main benefits from any mud solidification process is the reduction in the environmental impact. The benefit is due solely to the reduction of the volume of mud disposal requirements. Due to the dilution requirements of the mud for the incorporation of the Blast Furnace Slag, the actual volume of mud that can be "saved" from disposal may be considerably less than that reported. This study evaluates the actual reductions in disposal volumes while accounting for the dilution volumes. Economic comparisons from field operations are included as well as a theoretical comparison for zero discharge areas like Mobile Bay. Operational considerations and the economics of required mud isolation and storage are reviewed. From the laboratory data evaluated, environmental, and economic evaluations, it is apparent the use of Blast Furnace Slag slurries for oil field applications must be carefully evaluated on a per case basis. While the process may be a viable mud solidification process, the replacement of Portland cement by this material may compromise some properties considered essential in a cementing operation.
GPS standard positioning service (SPS) aircraft en route RAIM availability for continental United States (2002)

The FAA is considering using GPS and GPS augmentations for civilian aircraft navigation. This paper investigates the capability of the existing GPS constellation to meet FAA RAIM (receiver autonomous integrity monitoring) requirements for en route civilian flights over the continental United States (CONUS). The analysis shows that the current GPS constellation does not meet the FAA en route requirements when the effect of expected satellite failures requiring replacements are considered. An enlarged constellation, with either 5 additional satellites in a 0/spl deg/-inclination plane or 6 additional satellites distributed in the 55/spl deg/-inclination planes, will achieve the (1-10/sup -5/) RAIM availability requirement. The sensitivity of RAIM availability to various system parameters was also studied. These include: receiver masking elevation angle, horizontal navigation error limit, aiding baro-altimeter measurement error, and probability of missed detection. Reducing the allowable elevation angle to 0/spl deg/, which may be permissible for en route flights, significantly improves availability provided by the current 24 satellite constellation from 0.9976 to 0.9905.
Conserved cysteine residues are critical for the enzymatic function of the lymphocyte-specific tyrosine protein kinase p56lck (1993)

We have evaluated the possibility that conserved cysteine residues are critical for the enzymatic function of p56lck. Through oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, 5 Lck residues (cysteines 217, 224, 378, 464, and 475) were individually mutated to alanines, and the effects of these substitutions were tested in various in vitro and in vivo assays. We found that mutation of either of 2 cysteines located in the carboxyl portion of the kinase domain (cysteines 464 and 475) abolished the catalytic function of Lck. In addition, it was noted that alteration of cysteine 475 resulted in a dramatic reduction of the half-life of p56lck. These cysteine residues are highly conserved throughout the tyrosine protein kinase family, suggesting that they may play important functions in catalysis and/or substrate recognition.
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of some 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones. (1997)

Twenty-one new 1-methyl- and 1-ethyl-3,4-disubstituted-4,5-dihydro- 1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones were synthesized and characterised by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and IR spectra. These new and 16 recently reported derivatives of 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one ring were screened for their antibacterial activities.
Potential and current density distributions of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) in a four-concentric-spheres model (1996)

Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) has been successfully used for treatment of many psychiatric diseases. Its noninvasive nature is its major advantage over other forms of treatments such as drugs. It is postulated that the low electric current of CES causes the release of neurotransmitters. However, the current pathways have not been extensively investigated. In the following paper, analytical and numerical methods are used to determine the distribution of potential and current density in a four zone concentric spheres model of the human head when excited by two electrodes diametrically opposite to each other. Because of the azimuthal symmetry, which is assumed in this study, a two-dimensional (2-D) finite difference approximation is derived in the spherical grid. The current density distribution is projected around the center of the model, where the thalamus is modeled as a concentric sphere. All dimensions and electrical properties of the model are adapted from clinical data. Results of this simulation indicate that, in contrast to previous beliefs, a small fraction of the CES current does reaches the thalamic area and may facilitate the release of neurotransmitters.
P.139L: <i>Late‐News Poster</i> : The Advantage on Ambient Contrast Ratio in WRGB OLED Display (2013)

Abstract We released WRGB OLED Display for TV. The most remarkable difference between ‘WRGB’ OLED Display and ‘RGB’ OLED Display is the usage of Color Filter. So that WRGB OLED Display using Color Filter absorbs light from coming outside and has low reflection characteristics. We expect WRGB OLED Display to be more daylight‐readable Display than ‘RGB’ OLED Display, even though RGB OLED is using ‘Reverse Dispersive QWP’
Multiple-input signature registers: an improved design (1997)

For testable design purposes, a multiple-output digital system needs a multiple-input signature register. This register accelerates the testing task by compressing multiple-input data streams into one signature. Existing designs depend on parallel feeding the input polynomials to the storage elements. These designs, give a good compression but, suffer from some drawbacks. The paper proposes a new design for the multiple-input signature register. This proposed design aggregates all inputs at a certain point and feeds them to the shift register. By adopting this concept, we are able to improve the operation of the multiple-input signature register in a number of ways. Complete VHDL modeling and simulation for the existing and the proposed designs verified the advantages of the new structure.
Novel tandem quadrupole-acceleration-deceleration mass spectrometer for neutralization-reionization studies (1992)

A new tandem mass spectrometer of the quadrupole-acceleration lens-deceleration. lens-quadrupole (QADQ) configuration is described. The instrument is designed for neutralization-reionization studies and consists of a 2000-u quadrupole mass analyzer as MS-I, an acceleration electrostatic lens, a series of three differentially pumped collision cells, and an electrostatic deceleration lens, energy filter, and another 2000-u quadrupole mass analyzer as MS-II. The ion optical system achieves high total ion transmission for 5-9-keV ions. Unit mass resolution in neutralization-reionization mass spectra of aromatic compounds is demonstrated. Mass, kinetic energy, and linked scans at various levels of mass resolution and sensitivity are described.
Spectral characterization of biological aerosol particles using two-wavelength excited laser-induced fluorescence and elastic scattering measurements (2011)

A two-wavelength laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) instrument has been developed and used to characterize individual biological aerosol particles, including biological warfare (BW) agent surrogates. Fluorescence in discrete spectral bands from widely different species, and also from similar species under different growth conditions were measured and compared. The two-wavelength excitation approach was found to increase discrimination among several biological materials, and especially with respect to diesel exhaust particles, a common interferent for LIF BW detection systems. The spectral characteristics of a variety of biological materials and ambient air components have been studied as a function of aerosol particle size and incident fluence.
Globe4D, time-traveling with an interactive four-dimensional globe (2007)

Globe4D is an interactive four-dimensional globe. It is a projection of the Earth's surface on a physical sphere. The sphere can be freely rotated along all axes, viewed from any angle and enables the user to control time as its fourth dimension. An application was created that shows the historical movement of the continents, known as continental drift. Besides the Earth, any planet or spherical object can be projected. This paper describes the background, aims, results and progress of this student project.
Identification and comparative analysis of quantitative trait loci associated with parthenocarpy in processing cucumber (2006)

Abstract Parthenocarpy (seedless fruit) is an economically important yield‐related trait in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.; 2n = 2x = 14). However, the genomic locations of factors controlling parthenocarpic fruit development in this species are not known. Therefore, an F 2 : 3 mating design was utilized to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for parthenocarpy using a narrow cross employing two gynoecious, indeterminate and normal leaf lines [2A (parthenocarpic) and Gy8 (non‐parthenocarpic)]. QTL detection was performed employing 2A‐ and Gy8‐coupling phase data using the parthenocarpic yield of 126 F 3 families grown at two locations at Hancock, WI in 2000. The QTLs detected in this study were compared with the map locations of QTLs conditioning first‐harvest yield of seeded cucumber characterized in a previous study. There were 10 QTLs for parthenocarpy detected defining four genomic regions, in which three QTLs also mapped to the same genomic regions as QTLs detected for fruit yield at first‐harvest as reported in a previous study. The eight fluorescence amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers linked to parthenocarpy through QTL mapping defined herein (four each in linkage groups 1 and 4) are candidates for use in marker‐assisted selection programmes where breeding for increased levels of parthenocarpy is an objective in the elite‐processing cucumber populations.
Development of Embedded Organic Module Technology (2007)

近年の電子機器には, 小型化, 高機能化および高速化が要求されている。一方, 実装技術には, これら電子機器の要求に対処するために, さらなる高密度化が要求されている。しかしながら, 従来のプリント配線板上への2次元的な部品の高密度実装には限界がきており, 樹脂基板内に3次元的に部品を配置する部品内蔵技術が注目されている。われわれは, 部品内蔵技術としてEOMIN (Embedded Organic Module Involved Nanotechnology) を開発した。EOMINの特徴は, 銅コアに形成したキャビティ内に電子部品を内蔵させることと, 銅めっき技術により内蔵した電子部品と電気的な接続を取る点である。EOMINによるモジュール構造では, シミュレーションによる検討結果から, 発熱量の大きな電子部品を内蔵したときに, 発熱した熱を銅コアに拡散させ, 効率的にマザーボード側に放熱できることがわかった。また, 銅めっきを用いた内蔵部品との接続は, 従来のはんだによる接続と比較し, ヒートショック時の銅の塑性歪量が小さく, 信頼性の高い接続技術であることがわかった。今回, われわれは, 次世代の高密度実装技術としてEOMINを紹介する。
Development and evaluation of two subunit vaccine candidates containing antigens of hepatitis E virus, rotavirus, and astrovirus (2016)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AstV) are important pathogens that transmit through a common fecal-oral route, causing hepatitis (HEV) and gastroenteritis (RV and AstV) respectively in humans. In this study, we developed and evaluated two subunit vaccine candidates that consisted of the same protruding or spike protein antigens of the three viruses in two formats, a fusion of the three antigens into one molecule (fused vaccine) vs. a mixture of the three free antigens together (mixed vaccine). Both vaccines were easily made via E. coli expression system. Mouse immunization experiments showed that the fused vaccine elicited significantly higher antibody responses against the three viral antigens than those induced by the mixed vaccine. In addition, the mouse post-immune antisera of the fused vaccine revealed significantly higher neutralizing titers against HEV infection in cell culture, as well as significantly higher 50% blocking titers (BT50) against RV VP8-HBGA receptor interactions than those of the post-immune antisera after immunization of the mixed vaccine. Thus, the fused vaccine is a promising trivalent vaccine candidate against HEV, RV, and AstV, which is worth for further development.
Effects of a Dosing Solution on the Nasal Absorption of Non-glycosylated Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Rats. (1996)

The nasal absorption of non-glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor produced by Esherichia coli (E. coli-rhG-CSF) was studied in rats. We investigated the effects of the basic conditions of the dosing solution and the enhancing effects of various substances to find means to improve the nasal absorption of E. coli-rhG-CSF. Relative bioavailability following the nasal administration of E.coli-rhG-CSF solution to subcutaneous administration was 3.6%. Osmotic pressure of the dosing solution had virtually no effect on the nasal absorption of E. coli-rhG-CSF. Absorption was enhanced by a decrease in pH, an increase in buffer concentration at pH2 and an increase in drug concentration. Sodium cholate, ascorbic acid, tartaric acid, beta-cyclodextrin and dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin in remarkably increased the nasal absorption of E. coli-rhG-CSF. Condition adjustments to the dosing solution and the use of several enhancers were significantly concluded to increase the intranasal absorption of E. coli-rhG-CSF.
Application of fuzzy logic in the assurance sciences (2002)

The uncertainty which manifests itself in most engineering design analyses and evaluation activities is of two types. Uncertainty as a result of randomness and uncertainty as a result of imprecision. While probability theory has been used to address stochastic uncertainty very effectively, the theory of fuzzy subsets and fuzzy logic (possibility theory) offers a method to explicitly analyze uncertainty due to imprecision in a graceful and formal manner. The theory of fuzzy subsets and fuzzy logic can be utilized to complement the usage of probability theory in the modeling of complex humanistic system behavior. The two approaches are compatible and allow a more realistic and robust modeling of system functionality and behavior. Numerous situations exist in the field of assurance sciences where a significant component of uncertainty is due to imprecision (rather than randomness), and where fuzzy logic may be investigated as an alternative approach to modeling and analyzing the problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
CONTINUOUS WAVE SUBMILLIMETER OSCILLATION IN H2O, D2O, AND CH3CN (1966)

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