gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser Doppler and Laser Speckle Techniques for Blood Flow Measurement (2008)

Displayed special advantages on tissue blood perfusion. This paper explores the theoretical background of laser Doppler and speckle techniques. Four applications in measurement of tissue blood perfusion are introduced which are: laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) , laser Doppler perfusion monitor (LDPM) , laser Doppler perfusion imager (LDPI) , laser speckle contrast imaging . In this paper we will describe theses four techniques in brief separately and then we will compare them with each other and with other methods for assessment of microvascular blood perfusion. First, we will explain LDF technique in brief. Then basic principles and components of the LDPM and LDPI instrumentation are discussed. At the end laser speckle contrast imaging technique will be introduced. Some image examples are given to compare the commercialized laser Doppler technique and prototype laser Doppler contrast imager techniques.
SHINE Transcription Factors Act Redundantly to Pattern the Archetypal Surface of Arabidopsis Flower Organs (2011)

Floral organs display tremendous variation in their exterior that is essential for organogenesis and the interaction with the environment. This diversity in surface characteristics is largely dependent on the composition and structure of their coating cuticular layer. To date, mechanisms of flower organ initiation and identity have been studied extensively, while little is known regarding the regulation of flower organs surface formation, cuticle composition, and its developmental significance. Using a synthetic microRNA approach to simultaneously silence the three SHINE (SHN) clade members, we revealed that these transcription factors act redundantly to shape the surface and morphology of Arabidopsis flowers. It appears that SHNs regulate floral organs' epidermal cell elongation and decoration with nanoridges, particularly in petals. Reduced activity of SHN transcription factors results in floral organs' fusion and earlier abscission that is accompanied by a decrease in cutin load and modified cell wall properties. SHN transcription factors possess target genes within four cutin- and suberin-associated protein families including, CYP86A cytochrome P450s, fatty acyl-CoA reductases, GSDL-motif lipases, and BODYGUARD1-like proteins. The results suggest that alongside controlling cuticular lipids metabolism, SHNs act to modify the epidermis cell wall through altering pectin metabolism and structural proteins. We also provide evidence that surface formation in petals and other floral organs during their growth and elongation or in abscission and dehiscence through SHNs is partially mediated by gibberellin and the DELLA signaling cascade. This study therefore demonstrates the need for a defined composition and structure of the cuticle and cell wall in order to form the archetypal features of floral organs surfaces and control their cell-to-cell separation processes. Furthermore, it will promote future investigation into the relation between the regulation of organ surface patterning and the broader control of flower development and biological functions.
Direct conversion of aliphatic carboxamides to alkylammonium tosylates with [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect conversion of aliphatic carboxamides to alkylammonium tosylates with [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzeneI. Mark Lazbin and Gerald F. KoserCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 14, 2669–2671Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00364a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00364a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views774Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detrended fluctuation analysis and spectral analysis of heart rate variability for sleep stage and sleep apnea identification (2003)

In a systematic study we compared the performance of spectral analysis and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) to discriminate sleep stages and sleep apnea. We investigated 14 healthy subjects, 33 patients with moderate, and 31 patients with severe sleep apnea with polysomnography. Discriminance analysis was used on a person and sleep stage basis to determine the best method for the separation of sleep stages and sleep apnea severity. Using spectral parameters 69.7% of the apnea severity assignments and 54.6% of the sleep stage assignments were correct, while using scaling analysis these numbers increased to 74.4% and 85.0%, respectively. Changes in heart rate variability are better quantified by scaling analysis than by spectral analysis.
A new mechanism of drug resistance in breast cancer cells: fatty acid synthase overexpression-mediated palmitate overproduction (2008)

Multidrug resistance is a major problem in successful cancer chemotherapy. Various mechanisms of resistance, such as ABC transporter-mediated drug efflux, have been discovered using established model cancer cell lines. While characterizing a drug-resistant breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdVp3000, we found that fatty acid synthase (FASN) is overexpressed. In this study, we showed that ectopic overexpression of FASN indeed causes drug resistance and that reducing the FASN expression increased the drug sensitivity in breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 but not in the normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF10A1. Use of FASN inhibitor, Orlistat, at low concentrations also sensitized cells with FASN overexpression to anticancer drugs. The FASN-mediated drug resistance appears to be due to a decrease in drug-induced apoptosis from an overproduction of palmitic acid by FASN. Together with previous findings of FASN as a poor prognosis marker for breast cancer patients, our results suggest that FASN overexpression is a new mechanism of drug resistance and may be an ideal target for chemosensitization in breast cancer chemotherapy.
Delayed and repeated intranasal delivery of bone marrow stromal cells increases regeneration and functional recovery after ischemic stroke in mice (2018)

This study suggests that delayed and repeated intranasal deliveries of HP-treated BMSCs is an effective treatment to encourage regeneration after stroke.
Taming the Nonlinearity of the Einstein Equation (2014)

Many of the technical complications associated with the general theory of relativity ultimately stem from the nonlinearity of Einstein's equation. It is shown here that an appropriate choice of dynamical variables may be used to eliminate all such nonlinearities beyond a particular order: Both Landau-Lifshitz and tetrad formulations of Einstein's equation are obtained that involve only finite products of the unknowns and their derivatives. Considerable additional simplifications arise in physically interesting cases where metrics become approximately Kerr or, e.g., plane waves, suggesting that the variables described here can be used to efficiently reformulate perturbation theory in a variety of contexts. In all cases, these variables are shown to have simple geometrical interpretations that directly relate the local causal structure associated with the metric of interest to the causal structure associated with a prescribed background. A new method to search for exact solutions is outlined as well.
Complete sequence of a <i>mariner</i> transposable element from the predatory mite <i>Metaseiulus occidentalis</i> isolated by an inverse PCR approach (1995)

Degenerate primers designed and synthesized based on two conserved regions of the mariner transposase open reading frame were used to amplify a 454 bp DNA fragment from M. occidentalis. Two inverse primers were then synthesized and used to amplify flanking genomic DNA fragments from M. occidentalis by a ligation-mediated inverse PCR. The complete mariner element (Moc1) was 1284 bp long, including the imperfect 28 bp inverted terminal repeat sequences, and shared 59% similarity to an active 1286 bp long D. mauritiana mariner element (Mos1). Insertions, deletions and substitutions were observed in the Moc1 sequence at several positions. No intact open reading frame was detected and the Moc1 element is considered inactive. Stringent Southern blot hybridizations revealed at least twelve copies of mariner sequences similar to Moc1 in the colonies tested.
Separating conscious and unconscious influences of memory: Measuring recollection. (1993)

How can conscious and unconscious influences of memory be measured? In this article, a processdissociation procedure (L. L. Jacoby, 1991) was used to separate automatic (unconscious) and consciously controlled influences within a task. For recall cued with word stems, automatic influences of memory (a) remained invariant across manipulations of attention that substantially reduced conscious recollection and (b) were highly dependent on perceptual similarity from study to test. Comparisons with results obtained through an indirect test show the advantages of the process-dissociation procedure as a means of measuring unconscious influences. The measure of recollection derived from this procedure is superior to measures gained from classic test theory and signal-detection theory. The process-dissociation procedure combines assumptions from these 2 traditional approaches to measuring memory. Dissociations between performance on direct and indirect tests of memory supply examples of effects of the past in the absence of remembering (for reviews, see Hintzman, 1990; Richardson-Klavehn & Bjork, 1988). In an indirect test, subjects are not asked to report on memory for an event as they would be in a direct test, such as in a test of recognition or recall; rather, they engage in some task that can indirectly reflect memory for the occurrence of that event. Word stemand fragment-completion tasks are among the most popular indirect tests of memory (e.g., Graf & Mandler, 1984; Tulving, Schacter & Stark, 1982; Warrington & Weiskrantz, 1974). For a stem-completion task, subjects might read the word scalp and then be presented with the stem sea— with instructions to complete that stem with the first word that comes to mind. Evidence of automatic influences of memory that are dissociated from performance on a direct test is provided by the finding that prior presentation of a word increases the likelihood of that word being used to complete a stem, even though a direct test reveals no memory for the prior presentation of the word. Some of the most striking examples of dissociations come from the performance of patients suffering a neurological deficit. Korsakoff amnesics, for example, show near-normal effects of memory in their performance of a stem-completion task, even though
Making sense of adjectives: association vs. ascription in a family-resemblance model of semantic inheritance (2010)

Associative adjectives such as in electrical engineer differ from ascriptive adjectives like in red house: They are syntactically similar, yet they do not denote an intersective sense like ascripti ...
Wireless charging monitoring system based on Bluetooth (2017)

In this paper, Bluetooth is used as the data transmission mode to achieve the connection between the power transmitter and the mobile phone in the wireless charging system. A Bluetooth module is added to the power transmitter to send the relevant data to the mobile phone in the process of wireless power transfer. Both the power transmitter and the power receiver are designed based on the Qi standard to transmit electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. During this process, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the power transmitter can be received by the phone and be showed on the phone APP by the Bluetooth communication. The proposed method not only can solve the communication problem of the wireless charging for mobile phone with extended power transmitter in wireless charging system, but also can monitor the wireless charging process. The test shows that the Bluetooth communication of wireless charging is effectively and convenient to monitor the wireless charging process. The monitoring data is also very useful for wireless charging control in future.
A high-throughput screening strategy for detecting CRISPR-Cas9 induced mutations using next-generation sequencing (2014)

Our CRISPR-Cas9 screening strategy could be widely applied to screen for CRISPR-Cas9 mutants in a variety of contexts including the generation of mutant cell lines for in vitro research, the generation of transgenic organisms and for assessing the veracity of CRISPR-Cas9 homology directed repair. This technique is cost and time-effective, provides information on clonal heterogeneity and is adaptable for use on various sequencing platforms.
What is cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome? A historical perspective (2009)

Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a lethal but poorly defined involuntary wasting disorder. Loss of skeletal muscle and fat distinguishes it from starvation. Cachexia has been described as a clinical syndrome since ancient times, and the poor prognosis has long been acknowledged. In this article we have reviewed historical perspectives on cancer cachexia, and commented on modern definitions. In cancer cachexia, most historical descriptions included anorexia, wasting and a pale complexion. Other associated symptoms, such as fatigue, early satiety and taste changes, were inconsistently described. Newer descriptions have not significantly expanded the clinical picture.Today, there is still no consensus definition, hindering research on early diagnosis and effective therapy. The language descriptors used to characterise the syndrome are important. For example, the word 'cachexia' itself may mislead; perhaps cancer-related wasting syndrome is more accurate. Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome is a disorder associated with high morbidity and mortality, and deserves greater attention in both clinical and translational research.
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Heat-Stable Enterotoxin Is Not Restricted to Enteroaggregative E. coli (1996)

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC) have been implicated as diarrheal pathogens in several settings. Some EAggEC produce a distinct heat-stable enterotoxin named EAST1. The distribution and prevalence of the EAST1 gene in selected groups of bacterial enteropathogens were determined by colony hybridization. One hundred percent of 75 O157:H7 enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), 41% of 227 EAggEC, 41% of 149 enterotoxigenic E. coli, 22% of 65 enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and 38% of 47 E. coli stool isolates from asymptomatic children hybridized with an EAST1 DNA probe. None of 55 enteroinvasive E. coli, 12 Yersinia enterocolitica, or 20 Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains were EAST1 probe-positive. Concordance between EAST1 genotype and enterotoxicity was shown in examined strains of EAggEC, EHEC, and EPEC. The gene encoding EAST1 is more broadly distributed among diarrheogenic E. coli than previously known and may represent an additional determinant in the pathogenesis of E. coli diarrhea.
BICYCLO[2,2,2]-2,5,7-OCTATRIENE (BARRELENE), A UNIQUE CYCLIC SIX ELECTRON PI SYSTEM (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBICYCLO[2,2,2]-2,5,7-OCTATRIENE (BARRELENE), A UNIQUE CYCLIC SIX ELECTRON PI SYSTEMHoward E. Zimmerman and Robert M. PauflerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 6, 1514–1515Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01491a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01491a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views675Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficient audio signal processing for embedded systems (2012)

We investigated two design strategies that would allow us to efficiently process audio signals on embedded systems such as mobile phones and portable electronics. In the first strategy, we exploit properties of the human auditory system to process audio signals. We designed a sound enhancement algorithm to make piezoelectric loudspeakers sound "richer" and "fuller," using a combination of bass extension and dynamic range compression. We also developed an audio energy reduction algorithm for loudspeaker power management by suppressing signal energy below the masking threshold. In the second strategy, we use low-power analog circuits to process the signal before digitizing it. We designed an analog front-end for sound detection and implemented it on a field programmable analog array (FPAA). The sound classifier front-end can be used in a wide range of applications because programmable floating-gate transistors are employed to store classifier weights. Moreover, we incorporated a feature selection algorithm to simplify the analog front-end. A machine learning algorithm AdaBoost is used to select the most relevant features for a particular sound detection application. We also designed the circuits to implement the AdaBoost-based analog classifier.
Printing (2014)

This chapter covers the printing-configuration tools: the GNOME 3 Printers tool (System Settings ➤ Printers) and the older system-config-printer tool (Sundry ➤ Print Settings). Most printers are detected for you automatically. You can use the System Settings Printers tool to turn them on or off and access their print queues. As an alternative, you can still use the older system-config-printer. Both are front ends for the Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS), which provides printing services ( ).
Properties of a Bifunctional Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance Enzyme That Catalyzes ATP-Dependent 2‘‘-Phosphorylation and Acetyl-CoA-Dependent 6‘-Acetylation of Aminoglycosides (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTProperties of a Bifunctional Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance Enzyme That Catalyzes ATP-Dependent 2''-Phosphorylation and Acetyl-CoA-Dependent 6'-Acetylation of AminoglycosidesEduardo Azucena, Ioannis Grapsas, and Shahriar MobasheryView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University Detroit, Michigan 48202-3489 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 9, 2317–2318Publication Date (Web):March 5, 1997Publication History Received13 December 1996Published online5 March 1997Published inissue 1 March 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja964278whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja964278wrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views321Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Bacteria,Carbohydrates,Cell and molecular biology,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange May Improve Hemodynamics and Organ Failure Among Children With Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Receiving Extracorporeal Life Support* (2015)

The use of therapeutic plasma exchange in children on extracorporeal life support with sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is associated with organ failure recovery and improved hemodynamic status. Initiating therapeutic plasma exchange early in the hospital course was associated with greater improvement in organ dysfunction and decreased requirement for vasoactive and/or inotropic agents.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Characterization of a Novel Coordinated Polymer [Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>4</sub>(Nppch)<sub>2</sub>] (2011)

Solution reaction of CuI and KI in DMF/H2O with a solution of Nppch in CH3OH/H2O gave rise to a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular compound based on a binuclear [Cu2I4(Nppch)2] unit (Nppch = N-(4-pyridyl) pyridinium chloride hydrochloride). The crystal structural analysis indicated that the complex crystallized in a monoclinic space group, P2(1)/n, a = 9.6821(19) Å, b = 11.414(2) Å, c = 12.096(2) Å, β = 103.17(3)°, V = 1301.6(4) Å3, Z = 2. The complex possessed a novel three-dimensional supramolecular framework formed by hydrogen bonds among repeating [Cu2I4(Nppch)2] binuclear units. The compound was further characterized with infrared (IR) spectra, ultraviolet spectral properties, thermal analysis, and fluorescence properties.