gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poly(thiophosphazenes): new inorganic macromolecules with backbones composed of phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(thiophosphazenes): new inorganic macromolecules with backbones composed of phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur atomsJeffrey A. Dodge, Ian Manners, Harry R. Allcock, Gerhard Renner, and Oskar NuykenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 3, 1268–1269Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00159a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00159a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ZAP-70 is a novel conditional heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) client: inhibition of Hsp90 leads to ZAP-70 degradation, apoptosis, and impaired signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2005)

The zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa (ZAP-70) is expressed in patients with aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We found that ZAP-70+ CLL cells expressed activated heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with high binding affinity for Hsp90 inhibitors, such as 17-allyl-amino-demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-AAG), whereas normal lymphocytes or ZAP-70- CLL cells expressed nonactivated Hsp90. Activated Hsp90 bound and stabilized ZAP-70, which behaved like an Hsp90 client protein only in CLL cells. Treatment with Hsp90 inhibitors such as 17-AAG and 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) induced ZAP-70 degradation and apoptosis in CLL cells but not in T cells, and also impaired B-cell receptor signaling in leukemia cells. Transduction of ZAP-70- CLL cells with an adenovirus encoding ZAP-70 activated Hsp90 and specifically rendered the leukemia cells sensitive to 17-AAG. These data indicate that Hsp90 is necessary for ZAP-70 expression and activity; that ZAP-70 is unique among Hsp90 clients, in that its chaperone-dependency is conditional on the cell type in which it is expressed; and also that ZAP-70 is required for cell survival and signaling in CLL. Additionally, ZAP-70 expression in CLL cells confers markedly heightened sensitivity to 17-AAG or 17-DMAG, suggesting that these or other Hsp90 inhibitors could be valuable therapeutically in patients with aggressive CLL.
The Scattering Parameters And Directional Coupler Analysis Of Characteristically Terminated Three-line Structures In An Inhomogeneous Medium (1981)

The scattering parameters of coupled-symmetrical three-line structures in an inhomogeneous medium, e.g., microstrip lines, are derived in terms of the normal mode parameters of the system. The structure is terminated in a set of impedances which allow for the excitation of the individual normal modes of the system. The scattering parameters are used to study directional coupler properties including possible matching and isolation conditions for six-port and interdigitated-four-port couple consisting of symmetrical three-line structures. It is shown that the solutions obtained reduce to known results for the case of four-port couplers in a homogeneous medium.
New Clicklike Stimuli for Hearing Testing (2007)

The click stimulus generally used for newborn hearing screening generates a traveling wave along the basilar membrane, which excites each of the frequency bands in the cochlea, one after another. Due to the lack in synchronization of the excitations, the summated response amplitude is low. A repetitive click-like stimulus can be set up in the frequency domain by adding a high number of cosines, the frequency intervals of which comply with the desired stimulus repetition rate. Straight-forward compensation of the cochlear traveling wave delay is possible with a stimulus of this type. As a result, better synchronization of the neural excitation can be obtained so that higher response amplitudes can be expected. The additional introduction of a frequency offset enables the use of a q-sample test for response detection. The results of investigations carried out on a large group of normal-hearing test subjects have confirmed the enhanced efficiency of this stimulus design. The new stimuli lead to significantly higher response SNRs and thus higher detection rates and shorter detection times. Using band-limited stimuli designed in the same manner, a "frequency-specific" hearing screening seems to be possible.
The DNA sequences of the human and hamster secretory ribonucleases determined with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (1992)

Journal Article The DNA sequences of the human and hamster secretory ribonucleases determined with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Get access Monika Haugg, Monika Haugg ETH, Laboratory für Organische ChemieCH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Catherine H. Schein Catherine H. Schein * ETH, Laboratory für Organische ChemieCH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 20, Issue 3, 11 February 1992, Page 612, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/20.3.612 Published: 11 February 1992 Article history Received: 18 December 1991 Published: 11 February 1992
Valproic Acid Enhances iPSC Induction From Human Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Through the Suppression of Reprogramming-Induced Senescence (2015)

Reprogramming of human somatic cells into pluripotent cells (iPSCs) by defined transcription factors is an extremely inefficient process. Treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) during reprogramming can improve the induction of iPSCs. To examine the specific mechanism underlying the role of VPA in reprogramming, we transfected human bone marrow-derived cells (HSC-J2 and HSC-L1) with lentiviruses carrying defined factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC, OSKM) in the presence of VPA. We found that, OSKM lentiviruses caused significant senescence in transfected cells. Administration of VPA, however, significantly suppressed this reprogramming-induced stress. Notably, VPA treatment improved cell proliferation in the early stages of reprogramming, and this was related to the down-regulation of the activated p16/p21 pathway. In addition, VPA also released the G2/M phase blockade in lentivirus-transfected cells. This study demonstrates a new mechanistic role of the histone deacetylase inhibitor in enhancing the induction of pluripotency. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 1719-1727, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization and genome analysis of a butanol–isopropanol-producing Clostridium beijerinckii strain BGS1 (2018)

<i>Clostridium beijerinckii</i> strain BGS1 is a potential candidate for industrial isopropanol and butanol production. Its genome provides unique information for genetic engineering of isopropanol-butanol-producing microorganisms.
Rapid Detection of Methicillin Resistance in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates by the MRSA-Screen Latex Agglutination Test (1999)

The slide agglutination test MRSA-Screen (Denka Seiken Co., Niigata, Japan) was compared with the mecA PCR ("gold standard") for the detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. The MRSA-Screen test detected the penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) antigen in 87 of 90 genetically diverse methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) stock culture strains, leading to a sensitivity of 97%. The three discrepant MRSA strains displayed positive results only after induction of the mecA gene by exposure to methicillin. Both mecA PCR and MRSA-Screen displayed negative results among the methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains (n = 106), as well as for Micrococcus spp. (n = 10), members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (n = 10), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 10), and Enterococcus spp. (n = 10) (specificity = 100%). Producing the same PBP2a antigen, all 10 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains score positived in both the latex test and the mecA PCR. Consequently, the MRSA-Screen test should be applied only after identification of the MRSA strain to the species level to rule out coagulase-negative staphylococci. In conclusion, due to excellent specificity and sensitivity the MRSA-Screen latex test has the potential to be successfully used for routine applications in the microbiology laboratory.
Energy distribution and spatial structure of electrosprays of ionic liquids <i>in vacuo</i> (2004)

The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI+BF4−) is electrosprayed in a vacuum from positively charged Taylor cones, and the full sprays are analyzed by time of flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). They contain predominantly the ions (EMI-BF4)nEMI+ (n=0,1,2), at current levels of several μA. Current versus arrival time distributions I(t,L) are measured in a planar disk collector at varying sources to collector distances L, yielding ion-resolved angular current distribution in the polar angle range 21°&lt;θ&lt;37°. Comparison of experimental TOF curves to those expected for the measured angular distribution for a plane collector and a point source shows that the ions are essentially monoenergetic. Hence the present ion source is similar in quality to liquid metal ion sources, while offering a much richer range of chemical composition and mass, including large molecular positive and negative ions. Reinterpretation of the TOF curves as angular distributions shows (indirectly and provisionally) that most ions are at about 20°, with few passing below 10°.
Computer forecasting inspection dates from metal corrosion data (1985)

A computer thickness data analysis is described that has been used successfully in industry for fifteen years. It produces ideal field inspection results based on efficiencies discovered after investigating actual petroleum refinery metal corrosion behavior. This analysis utilizes one of the most important benefits provided by the computer, its capacity for making extensive calculations. It exhaustively analyzes thickness data in a way that the refinery inspector would like to if an unlimited amount of time were available to him.
Segmented FIFO page replacement (1981)

A fixed-space page replacement algorithm is presented. A variant of FIFO management using a secondary FIFO buffer, this algorithm provides a family of performance curves lying between FIFO and LRU. The implementation is simple, requires no periodic scanning, and uses no special hardware support. Simulations are used to determine the performance of the algorithm for several memory reference traces. Both the fault rates and overhead cost are examined.
Catalytic and Direct Oxyphosphorylation of Alkenes with Dioxygen and H‐Phosphonates Leading to β‐Ketophosphonates (2011)

Ein direkter Zugang zu β-Ketophosphonaten unter milden Bedingungen wurde durch die Titelreaktion geschaffen (siehe Schema; DMSO=Dimethylsulfoxid). Dieser nachhaltige Ansatz, der leicht auf größere Maßstäbe übertragen werden kann, ist ein Beispiel für den direkten Einbau eines Sauerstoffatoms aus Disauerstoff in organische Molekülgerüste. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Skype VoIP service- architecture and comparison (2005)

Skype is a peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay network for VoIP and other applications, developed by KaZaa in 2003. Skype can traverse NAT and firewall more efficiently than traditional VoIP networks and it offers better voice quality. To find and locate users, Skype uses “supernodes” that are running on peer machines. In contrast, traditional systems use fixed central servers. Also Skype uses encrypted media channel to protect the dada. The main contribution of this article is illustrating the architecture and components of Skype networks and basically analyzing key Skype functions such as login, NAT and firewall traversal. Furthermore, it contains comparisons of Skype networks with VoIP networks regarding different scenarios. On that basis it reveals some reasons why Skype has much better performance than previous VoIP products.
Preparing Educators for Bilingual Education: Needs and a Response. (1975)

Support for the concept of bilingual education and for implementation of bilingual education programs in the schools continues to grow nationwide. An inevitable accompaniment of this growth is an increasing need for prepar ing educators for work in such programs. Increased support for the concept of using the non-English mother tongue (NEMT), that is, the child's first language, as well as English as mediums of instruction in school programs appears to be the result of a number of factors, enumerated below.
Porous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels synthesized within high internal phase emulsions (2007)

Hydrogels, such as those based on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), are hydrophilic three dimensional network structures that undergo extensive swelling in water. PolyHIPEs are highly porous, crosslinked polymers typically synthesized within high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). This research describes materials with enhanced water absorption that combine hydrogel water absorption with capillary action by synthesizing PHEMA-based polyHIPEs within oil-in-water HIPEs. The variation in the ,-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAM) crosslinking comonomer content yields a narrow synthesis window in which water-swollen micro-gel particles phase separate, agglomerate, and form a heterogeneous polyHIPE wall structure with nanoscale porosity. Surprisingly, a hydrogel polyHIPE with a relatively high MBAM content also had the highest surface area and the highest water absorption. Ultimately, it is the influence of the MBAM content on the polymer hydrophilicity and on the porous structure that determines its effects on the properties.
A shallow ridged-cavity crossed-slot antenna for the 240- to 400-MHz frequency range (1975)

An experimental study has been made of a shallow ridged-cavity crossed-slot antenna to determine its feasibility for operation in the 240- to 400-MHz band. The various trends are summarized for the VSWR response characteristics as the cavity and slot parameters are varied. The wideband antenna characteristics using a ridged cavity configuration are demonstrated. Based on the limited amount of data obtained from the experimental model, the VSWR is < 2.7:1 from 240 to 270 MHz and < 2.1:1 from 290 to 400 MHz for a cavity with a maximum dimension of 33 by 33 by 4 in. Measured radiation patterns with the cavity mounted on a finite-size fiat ground plane are shown.
Effect of Switching From Statin Monotherapy to Ezetimibe/Simvastatin Combination Therapy Compared With Other Intensified Lipid‐Lowering Strategies on Lipoprotein Subclasses in Diabetic Patients With Symptomatic Cardiovascular Disease (2015)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00862251.
A double-tier MEC-NFV architecture: Design and optimisation (2016)

The emerging requirements for 5th generation (5G) mobile networks lead to a complete network paradigm refurbishment by leveraging on Network Function Virtualisation (NFV) and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC). While NFV adds flexibility by allowing network functions to be dynamically deployed and inter-connected, MEC brings intelligence at the edge of the mobile network, reduces latency and enhances the offered capacity. This paper analyses the compound effect of simultaneously considering virtual network functions and MEC applications deployed on the same network infrastructure. The proposed architecture aligns and integrates the MEC system with the NFV Management and Orchestration (MANO) by introducing a management subsystem that enriches the MANO with application-oriented orchestration capabilities. This opens new opportunities on jointly managing applications and virtual network functions by allowing MANO-related operations to be triggered by virtual applications runtime processes or MEC services.
Modeling a high energy gamma-ray telescope (1985)

A Monte Carlo program was developed to simulate a high energy gamma-ray telescope using a coded aperture mask (CAMTRAC). The ultimate purpose of the calculation will be to determine the optimum design parameters for such an instrument. The model can also used to ascertain under what conditions CAMTRAC performance is superior to that of conventional telescopes which employ electron-positron pair direction as the sole means of determining gamma ray direction.
3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine in feline leukemia virus-infected cats: a model for therapy and prophylaxis of AIDS. (1987)

Due to similarities between human immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus, the etiological agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes in humans and cats, the feline system was used as a model to conduct preliminary investigations as to the efficacy of the thymidine analogue 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) as a therapeutic and preventive agent against retroviruses. In vitro evaluations of AZT cytotoxicity and its antiviral effects were conducted. Subsequently, 50 6-week-old specific pathogen free kittens were inoculated with a highly immunosuppressive strain of Richard-Feline Leukemia Virus. These cats were randomly subdivided into smaller groups with initiation of AZT treatment at variable times postinfection. All animals were periodically monitored for circulating infectious virus particles and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Their clinical condition was closely followed throughout the 6-week AZT treatment phase and for several months thereafter. The results indicate that AZT prevents retrovirus infection if administered immediately following virus exposure, and may also reduce retrovirus replication if administered to previously infected animals. Some of the treated cats developed neutralizing antibodies against the virus and became resistant to subsequent viral challenge. Future trials with this drug, both for the prevention and treatment of retroviral diseases in humans and animals, are warranted.
An Improved Method for Plant BAC Library Construction (2003)

Large genomic DNA insert-containing libraries are required as critical tools for physical mapping, positional cloning, and genome sequencing of complex genomes. The bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) cloning system has become a dominant system over others to clone large genomic DNA inserts. As the costs of positional cloning, physical mapping, and genome sequencing continuously decrease, there is an increasing demand for high-quality deep-coverage large insert BAC libraries. In our laboratory, we have constructed many high-quality deep-coverage large insert BAC libraries including arabidopsis, manocot and dicot crop plants, and plant pathogens. Here, we present the protocol used in our laboratory to construct BAC libraries.
Financial Globalization and Human Development (2012)

This paper is concerned essentially with the question of how does financial globalization affect economic welfare? Orthodox theory suggests that because of the greater risk-sharing between countries that financial liberalization entails, there should be no welfare losses. Greater risk-sharing should lead to greater smoothing of consumption and/or growth trajectories for developing countries. Yet there is widespread evidence of crises following liberalization. Apart from these international macro-economic issues, it is argued here that financial globalization changes the very nature of capitalism from managerial to finance capitalism. This profoundly affects at the micro-economic level corporate governance, corporate finance and income distribution. Both macro-economic and micro-economic factors outlined here influence human development.
Suppression of adjacent-channel, cochannel, and intersymbol interference by equalizers and linear combiners (1994)

We describe the ability of a linear equalizer/combiner or decision-feedback equalizer to suppress all received adjacent-channel, intersymbol, and cochannel interference. The emphasis is on values among transmitter bandwidth, receiver bandwidth, carrier spacing, and antenna diversity which provide the best opportunities for interference suppression. Through analyses of the number of degrees of freedom and constraints in generalized zero-forcing equalizers, and partial comparisons to calculations of equalizer minimum-mean-square performance, four results are obtained. First, with one antenna and a linear equalizer, arbitrarily large receiver bandwidths allow for marginal improvements in spectral efficiency through decreased carrier spacing, because the carrier spacing cannot be reduced to a value below the symbol rate without incurring unsuppressible interference. Second, large receiver bandwidths assist multiple antennas in improving the spectral efficiency in that carrier spacing values may go below the symbol rate, even in the presence of cochannel interference. Third, the use of equalizers and linear combiners, together with large receiver bandwidths, allows large transmitter bandwidths to be used. Fourth, for cochannel interference and intersymbol interference, the number of interferers that may be suppressible by a generalized zero-forcing linear equalizer/combiner increases linearly with the product of the number of antennas and the truncated integer ratio of the total bandwidth to the symbol rate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ocean acidification foils chemical signals (2014)

The crucial importance of chemical cues to reef resettlement was elegantly demonstrated by D. L. Dixson et al. (“Chemically mediated behavior of recruiting corals and fishes: A tipping point that may limit reef recovery,” Research Article, 22 August, p. [892][1]). Similarly, waterborne chemical