gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tripodal Phosphane Ligands with Novel Linker Units and Their Rhodium Complexes as Building Blocks for Dendrimer Catalysts (2002)

Abstract An efficient strategy for the backbone functionalization of a tripodal phosphane ligand which allows its attachment to solid supports and polymers has been developed. Using pentaerythrol ( 1 ) as the starting material, the functionalized phosphane tripod HOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 C(CH 2 PPh 2 ) 3 ( 9 ) was obtained in good yield in a four‐step synthesis. Reaction of 9 with [Mo(CO) 3 (MeCN) 3 ] and [Rh(COD) 2 ][A] gave the complexes [{HOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 C(CH 2 PPh 2 ) 3 }Mo(CO) 3 ] ( 10 ) and [{HOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 C(CH 2 PPh 2 ) 3 }Rh(COD)][A] (A = BF 4 : 11a , PF 6 : 11b ), respectively, two of which were characterised by X‐ray diffraction. The carbosilane dendrimer Si{(CH 2 ) 3 SiMe 2 Cl} 4 “G[0]‐[Cl] 4 ” ( 12 ) and its first generation analogue Si[(CH 2 ) 3 SiMe{(CH 2 ) 3 SiMe 2 Cl} 2 ] 4 “G[1]‐[Cl] 8 ” ( 15 ) were reacted with, respectively, four and eight molar equivalents of the lithium alkoxy derivative of 9 giving the two functionalized dendrimers G[0]‐[OCH 2 CH 2 Otriphos] 4 ( 13 ) and G[1]‐[OCH 2 CH 2 Otriphos] 8 ( 16 ). These were metallated with four and eight molar equivalents of [Rh(COD) 2 ][BF 4 ] in CH 2 Cl 2 , selectively yielding the metallated dendrimers G[0][OCH 2 CH 2 OtriphosRh(COD)BF 4 ] 4 ( 14 ) and G[1]‐[OCH 2 CH 2 OtriphosRh(COD)BF 4 ] 8 ( 17 ). Comparative catalytic hydrogenation of styrene and 1‐hexene using [Rh(triphos)(COD)][BF 4 ] ( 11a) and the metallodendrimers 14 and 17 showed that the fixation to the low generation dendrimers did not alter the catalytic hydrogenation properties of the catalysts. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Bayesian probabilistic risk analysis (1985)

As modern business and financial institutions have come to rely more and more on large scale computers for management support, the magnitude of the risks and their potential consequences has increased correspondingly. In addition, large systems involving multiprocessing, resource sharing, and distributed processing have given rise to a new generation of risks due to the increased vulnerabilities of such large scale systems and the potential for fraudulent or malicious misuse of their resources. Somehow, these risks must be managed since either deliberate or accidental impairment of these large scale systems can have serious consequences for the business. That is, threats must be identified, and the likelihood of their occurrences and the elements of the system vulnerable to each of these threats must be established. Any program for risk management must begin with a risk analysis to compare the vulnerabilities in order to pinpoint and rank the system's weaknesses and to provide a guide for the cost-effective, systematic reduction of the probability of the system's being subverted or otherwise impaired.
[Effect of salidroside on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into cholinergic nerve cells]. (2012)

Salidroside could induce rat BMSCs differentiate into cholinergic nerve cells in vitro.
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin, 4-epiadriamycin and teniposide (CET) in locally advanced cancer of the cardia and the lower oesophagus: a phase II study. (1996)

Disappointing results after surgery alone for locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the cardia and the distal oesophagus (stage IIIB/IV) prompted us to combine surgery with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. With a remission rate of about 70% the combination of etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (EAP) has been considered to be the superior treatment, but it has inherent severe toxicity. The authors conducted a phase II study of combined treatment with Carboplatin, 4-Epiadriamycin and Teniposide (CET) to ameliorate this toxicity and to evaluate the effectivity of this regimen in patients with these unresectable tumours. A regimen of 4 cycles of Carboplatin 300mg/m2, 4-Epiadriamycin 80mg/m2 and Teniposide 100mg/m2 was administered intravenously. Treatment cycles were repeated every 3 weeks in patients with initially unresectable adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction proven at laparotomy and/or CT scanning. Nineteen patients were studied and 17 underwent a second laparotomy in an attempt to resect the tumour radically. Eleven patients (65%) of the re-explored group achieved tumour reduction, enabling resection with curative intent. Recurrences, however occurred in 9 patients after a median of 9.5 (4-42) months. One patient died postoperatively as a result of pulmonary embolism. Only one patient remained free of disease after 42+ months. Leucopenia and thrombocytopenia of WHO grade 23 occurred in 58% and 37% of the patients, respectively. This regimen appears to be effective in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the cardia and the distal oesophagus. Although it can be used in an outpatient setting, the overall toxicity is relatively high and the results are comparable with other less toxic regimens.
Vector representation, feature selection, and fingerprinting: an application of pattern recognition to pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of nucleosides (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVector representation, feature selection, and fingerprinting: an application of pattern recognition to pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of nucleosidesRachhpal S. Sahota and Stephen L. MorganCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 1, 70–77Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00049a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00049a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Formulation of Microbial Biopesticides: Beneficial microorganisms, nematodes and seed treatments (1998)

The fundamental frequency values estimated using the microphone and accelerometer showed perfect correlation; however, the values estimated by the electrodes differ from them.
Chlorinated and chlorosulfonated polyolefins (1962)

Abstract The properties of chlorinated and chlorosulfonated ethylene polymers and copolymers have been examined. The effect of such variables as polymer chain structure, molecular weight, degree of chlorination, and chlorination conditions was studied. A variation in physical properties of different polyolefins chlorinated to the same degree is attributed to differences in residual crystallinity in the chlorinated product. Chlorinated linear polyethylenes are more crystalline than chlorinated branched polyethylene and are semicrystalline, flexible plastics in the 15–35 wt. % range. The chlorinated branched polyethylenes of this chlorine content are soft and rubbery. Chlorination conditions can influence the degree of residual crystallinity in the chlorinated product, and hence have a pronounced effect on the properties of the products Molecular weight of the polymer and degree of chlorination influence the properties of the chlorinated product. Chlorosulfonated linear ethylene polymers and copolymers were tested as elastomers. Stress‐strain properties were better for the chlorosulfonated linear copolymers as compared to chlorosulfonated linear polyethylene or branched polyethylene. Poor residual elongation was characteristic of the chlorosulfonated linear polymers. An increase in the number of side groups in the basic polymer chain did not affect residual elongation.
New Polar Pyrazolylborate Ligands and Their Basic Zinc Complex Chemistry (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 19/2006) (2006)

Abstract The cover picture shows the Alhambra in Granada, the home town of the Spanish author of this paper. The Moors in their desert dreamt of palaces abundant with water, and that is why they built the Alhambra. Likewise, the water‐soluble encapsulating pyrazolylborate ligand, shown as an (aqua)zinc complex set in one of Alhambra's gardens, is the realization of a long‐standing dream of the Freiburg group, whose biomimetic zinc complex chemistry was previously confined by the hydrophobicity of the model complexes, typically the zinc hydroxide complex shown in the background. The abundance of red (carbonyl oxygen) and green (amide nitrogen) atoms in the foreground complex visualizes its hydrophilicity due to the carboxamide substituents on the tripod ligand. Details are discussed in the article by H. Vahrenkamp et al. on p. 3869 ff.
Sodium Borohydride-<u>t</u>-butyl Alcohol-Methanol as an Efficient System for the Selective Reduction of Esters (1982)

Abstract Reduction of esters to the corresponding primary alcohols by metal hydrides is an important synthetic reaction.1 One may often encounter the problem of the selective reduction of esters in the presence of other functional groups such as amide, carboxylic acid or nitrile.2
Study on the Synthesis of Spiromesifen (2010)

3-(2,4,6-Trimethylpheny1)-2-oxo-l-oxaspiro [4,5]-dec-3-ene-4-ol was synthesized from cyclopentanone in four steps including addition,alcoholysis,substitution and cyclization.It was then reacted with 3,3-dimethylbutyryl chloride to give[3-(2,4,6-Trimethylpheny1)-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4,5]-dec-3-ene4-y1]-3,3-dimethyl-butanoate(spiromesifen).The overall yield reached 57.0% giving the product with purity above 96.0%.This process is suitable for industrial production of spiromesifen.
The effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on female reproduction (2001)

High dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy have radically increased long-term survival of young cancer patients, but major side effects of these treatments are ovarian failure and infertility. Knowledge of the risks and probabilities of ovarian failure caused by treatment is crucial for patients and physicians in order to make informed choices that will best serve patients' interests. This review presents data on ovarian damage and failure following exposure to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and ablative therapy. The risk is evaluated from the published literature according to patient's age, treatment protocol and also according to the diagnosis of some common malignancies. Many of these patients will not be sterilized immediately following treatment, but will suffer from premature menopause. In order to prevent sterilization, ovarian transposition before pelvic irradiation is mandatory. Besides cryopreservation of ovarian tissue and embryos before administration of chemotherapy, the possible protective effect of pituitary-ovarian down-regulation is discussed. The mechanism of primordial follicles damage induced by radio/chemotherapy is presented as well as the role of apoptosis signalling pathways underlying destruction. Increased knowledge of these mechanisms could help to identify potential effective inhibitors that can block the path of primordial follicles destruction and reduce ovarian failure rate.
Detecting bullying in early elementary school with a computerized peer-nomination instrument. (2014)

In this study we describe the PEERS Measure, a computerized assessment instrument that takes an innovative approach to using the peer-nomination method to identify bullying among elementary school children in Grades 1-2. Its psychometric characteristics were measured in 4,017 children from 190 school classes. The intercorrelations between the peer-nomination scores showed congruence of the data (e.g., bullying and peer rejection r = .51, defending and prosocial behavior r = .71). Boys were more involved in bullying, more rejected, and less prosocial. As reports by different informants were used, correlations of peer-reported bullying with aggressive behavior reported by a child him- or herself (r = .37) or by a teacher (r = .42) were in the expected range. Good test-retest reliability as measured by the intraclass correlations (average: .72) further suggests that the instrument has good psychometric properties. In line with earlier research, lower maternal educational levels, younger maternal age, and lower household income were related to more bullying and victimization. Overall, our findings show that the instrument provides a reliable measure of peer relations, thus making the use of peer nominations feasible in early elementary school.
Foreign PrP expression and scrapie infection in tissue culture cell lines. (1993)

PrP expression and scrapie infectivity was studied in a group of tissue culture cell lines from mice, hamsters, rats and humans. Cell surface PrP protein was detected in seven of ten cell lines from a variety of tissues and showed both cell surface and cytoplasmic perinuclear distributions. Mouse N2a neuroblastoma cells could be persistently infected with scrapie in vitro, but OBL-21 mouse neuroma cells were never successfully infected. Foreign PrP molecules including hamster PrP, mutant hamster PrP with leucine at amino acid 102, and mutant mouse PrP expressing a hamster-encoded PrP antigen epitope were expressed in mouse N2a cells. However, none of these cell lines could be successfully infected with the 263K hamster scrapie agent. Furthermore, expression of these foreign PrP molecules did not lead to spontaneous generation of protease-resistant PrP or a transmissible scrapie-like agent in vitro.
A Dynamic Remote Sensing Data-Driven Approach for Oil Spill Simulation in the Sea (2015)

In view of the fact that oil spill remote sensing could only generate the oil slick information at a specific time and that traditional oil spill simulation models were not designed to deal with dynamic conditions, a dynamic data-driven application system (DDDAS) was introduced. The DDDAS entails both the ability to incorporate additional data into an executing application and, in reverse, the ability of applications to dynamically steer the measurement process. Based on the DDDAS, combing a remote sensor system that detects oil spills with a numerical simulation, an integrated data processing, analysis, forecasting and emergency response system was established. Once an oil spill accident occurs, the DDDAS-based oil spill model receives information about the oil slick extracted from the dynamic remote sensor data in the simulation. Through comparison, information fusion and feedback updates, continuous and more precise oil spill simulation results can be obtained. Then, the simulation results can provide help for disaster control and clean-up. The Penglai, Xingang and Suizhong oil spill results showed our simulation model could increase the prediction accuracy and reduce the error caused by empirical parameters in existing simulation systems. Therefore, the DDDAS-based detection and simulation system can effectively improve oil spill simulation and diffusion forecasting, as well as provide decision-making information and technical support for emergency responses to oil spills.
A useful form of the Barankin lower bound and its application to PPM threshold analysis (1969)

A form of Barankin's greatest lower bound on estimation error [7] is obtained, which is easy to compute and easy to interpret. This gives a lower bound on estimation error for non-linear modulation systems in an additive Gaussian noise back-ground. Threshold effects are included. This bound is applied to a set of pulse-position modulation waveforms designed to reduce threshold effects. It is shown that these signals do, in fact, offer reduced threshold levels (e.g., <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\approx 3.5</tex> dB) with very small ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\approx \frac{1}{2}</tex> dB) degradation in large signal performance.
Superhydrophobic and Superoleophobic Nanocellulose Aerogel Membranes as Bioinspired Cargo Carriers on Water and Oil (2011)

We demonstrate that superhydrophobic and superoleophobic nanocellulose aerogels, consisting of fibrillar networks and aggregates with structures at different length scales, support considerable load on a water surface and also on oils as inspired by floatation of insects on water due to their superhydrophobic legs. The aerogel is capable of supporting a weight nearly 3 orders of magnitude larger than the weight of the aerogel itself. The load support is achieved by surface tension acting at different length scales: at the macroscopic scale along the perimeter of the carrier, and at the microscopic scale along the cellulose nanofibers by preventing soaking of the aerogel thus ensuring buoyancy. Furthermore, we demonstrate high-adhesive pinning of water and oil droplets, gas permeability, light reflection at the plastron in water and oil, and viscous drag reduction of the fluorinated aerogel in contact with oil. We foresee applications including buoyant, gas permeable, dirt-repellent coatings for miniature sensors and other devices floating on generic liquid surfaces.
Structural correlations in the generation of polaron pairs in low-bandgap polymers for photovoltaics (2012)

Polymeric semiconductors are materials where unique optical and electronic properties often originate from a tailored chemical structure. This allows for synthesizing conjugated macromolecules with ad hoc functionalities for organic electronics. In photovoltaics, donor-acceptor co-polymers, with moieties of different electron affinity alternating on the chain, have attracted considerable interest. The low bandgap offers optimal light-harvesting characteristics and has inspired work towards record power conversion efficiencies. Here we show for the first time how the chemical structure of donor and acceptor moieties controls the photogeneration of polaron pairs. We show that co-polymers with strong acceptors show large yields of polaron pair formation up to 24% of the initial photoexcitations as compared with a homopolymer (η=8%). π-conjugated spacers, separating the donor and acceptor centre of masses, have the beneficial role of increasing the recombination time. The results provide useful input into the understanding of polaron pair photogeneration in low-bandgap co-polymers for photovoltaics.
InSb Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors and Quantum-Dot Devices (2011)

The authors present fabrication and electrical measurements of InSb nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) and quantum dots. The devices are made on a SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -capped Si substrate from InSb segments of InAs/InSb heterostructured nanowires, which are grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. For the FETs, both single- and dual-gate devices are fabricated. The Si substrate is employed as the back gate in both the single- and dual-gate devices, while a top metal gate is employed as a second gate in the dual-gate devices. This top gate is made either as a global gate or as a local finger gate by using a thin HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer grown by atomic layer deposition as a gate dielectric. The measurements reveal that the fabricated devices show the desired transistor characteristics. The measurements also demonstrate the possibility of realizing ambipolar transistors using InSb nanowires. For InSb nanowire quantum dots, both contact-induced Schottky-barrier-defined devices and top-finger-gate-defined devices are fabricated, and the Si substrate is used as a gate to tune the electron number in the quantum dots. The electrical measurements of these fabricated quantum-dot devices show the Coulomb-blockade effect at 4.2 K. A Fabry-Perot-like interference effect is also observed in a Schottky-barrier-defined quantum device. The authors also discuss in a comparative way, the results of measurements for the InSb nanowire devices made by different fabrication technologies employed in this study.
Asterane, XVII. Über die Synthese von [4]Propellanderivaten des Tetraasterans (1985)

Abstract Ausgehend von den Photodimeren 12 und 13 des 3,6‐Dihydrophthalsäureanhydrids 11 gelingt es, in der Tetraasteranreihe zahlreiche Derivate 18 – 25 und die Tetraastera[4.4]propellane 9, 34 – 37 sowie 39 und 40 herzustellen. In der isomeren Reihe 27 – 32 versagen jedoch alle Substitutionsversuche, um zu den Vorstufen eines Tetraolefins vom Typ 43 und zum Bistetraasteran 10 zu gelangen. Es konnten nur die Propellanether 38 und 41 erhalten werden.
Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Codon 200 Mutation) With Supranuclear Palsy (1992)

Clinically atypical CJD with early supranuclear gaze palsy but without myoclonus or characteristic electroencephalographic periodicity patterns is associated with the codon 200Lys mutation in the largest CJD kindred yet reported. The clinical concept of familial CJD should be enlarged to include this unusual phenotype.
Gene expression profiles in primary pancreatic tumors and metastatic lesions of Ela-c-myc transgenic mice (2008)

We identified Igfbp1, Serpina1 and Wt1 genes that are likely to be clinically useful biomarkers for prognostic or therapeutic purposes in metastatic pancreatic cancer, particularly in pancreatic cancer where c-Myc is overexpressed.
Electronic nose analysis of urine samples containing blood (1999)

In this paper the possible application of an electronic nose to the analysis of urine is presented. In contrast with the conventional applications of sensors and biosensors operating in liquid, the approach discussed here makes use of gas sensors performing an analysis of the headspace. The application deals with urine samples from patients affected by kidney diseases; some of the samples contained traces of blood. Results show the possibility of distinguishing the samples containing blood from the others, and a linear correlation between the first three principal components and the blood content was found. Furthermore, the electronic nose matched with a suitable neural network showed good performance in measuring the pH and the specific weight of the samples.
Characterization of Surface Contaminants by a Silver Film-Enhanced IR—Johnson Method (1997)

Characterization of nanometer-order organic contaminants on polymer film and silicon wafer surface has been investigated by a modified IR–Johnson method. We have proposed a silver film-enhanced IR–Johnson method that is useful for surface contaminant analysis. In the present method, organic traces are transferred from the surface of a polymer film or silicon wafer onto the KBr particles deposited with silver film, and then the KBr particles are analyzed directly by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Infrared absorption of organic traces was enhanced by the presence of silver island film. With this method, a spectrum of nanometer-order organic traces can be obtained without any interference from the polymer film substrate. The present method is as surface-sensitive as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and provides a large amount of information on the chemical structure of surface contaminants. This is a promising method for the surface characterization of polymer films and silicon wafer. Index Headings: Infrared; Diffuse reflectance; Surface enhancement.