gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1040*1040 element PtSi Schottky-barrier IR image sensor (2002)

A high-density infrared image sensor has been developed for thermal imaging in the 3-5 mu m infrared band. The array size is 1040*1040. The detector is a platinum silicide (PtSi) Schottky-barrier diode. The charge sweep device (CSD) architecture is used for the device in order to realize a large fill factor and a high saturation level. The device is fabricated with a 1.5 mu m minimum feature size and has a large fill factor of 53% in spite of the small pixel size (17*17 mu m/sup 2/). The saturation level is improved by increasing the detector storage capacity. A high saturation level of 1.6*10/sup 6/ electrons is obtained. The noise equivalent temperature difference with f/1.2 optics is estimated as 0.10 K at 300 K.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pharmacologic Safety Concerns in Parkinson's Disease: Facts and Insights (2011)

Knowledge and insight of pharmacologic safety issues and drug interactions are important for medical management of Parkinson's disease (PD). This review will discuss several topics, including apomorphine safety and interactions, impulsivity and excessive daytime somnolence associated with dopamine agonists (DAs), tolcapone hepatotoxicity, and monoamine oxidase type-B (MAO-B) inhibitor drug interactions. Initiation of apomorphine requires antiemetic prophylaxis to minimize nausea and orthostatic hypotension. Centrally acting antidopaminergic antiemetics will worsen parkinsonism and block the therapeutic effects of apomorphine and should be avoided. Additionally, serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist antiemetics should be avoided on the basis of limited clinical data suggesting lack of efficacy for apomorphine-induced nausea. Dopamine-agonist-induced impulsivity and daytime somnolence are not uncommon. When severe, these effects can be disabling and unsafe. Tolcapone-induced hepatotoxicity has been significantly minimized with routine monitoring of liver enzymes, especially during the initial 6 months of therapy. Early detection of abnormal results will allow tolcapone discontinuation before progression to fulminant hepatotoxicity. In patients treated with selective MAO-B inhibitors, the risk of serotonin toxicity (ST) due to a concomitant serotonergic agent (e.g., antidepressants, dextromethorphan, serotonergic analgesics) or hypertensive crisis due to dietary tyramine or sympathomimetic amines appears to be minimal and is based on isolated case reports and overgeneralizations from nonselective MAO inhibitor pharmacology. Concerns about ST or hypertensive crisis should not preclude or restrict clinicians from using MAO-B inhibitors in patients with PD.
Immunotherapy of inflammatory bowel diseases: current concepts and future perspectives. (2000)

The etiology and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), e.g. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are still not completely understood. However, there is growing evidence that an alteration of the mucosal immune system towards luminal antigens in a genetically susceptible host plays a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD. In particular, cytokines produced by intestinal epithelial cells, lamina propria macrophages and CD4+ T cells appear to contribute to the initiation and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation in IBD. This review focuses on the role of the mucosal immune system in the pathogenesis of IBD and potential novel immunotherapeutic strategies for chronic intestinal inflammation. Such strategies include recombinant antiinflammatory cytokines, neutralizing antibodies or fusion proteins, antisense oligonucleotides and adenoviral gene transfer.
New experimental methodology to extract compact layout rules for latchup prevention in bulk CMOS IC's (2003)

A new experimental methodology to find the compact layout rules on guard rings is proposed to increase latchup immunity of bulk CMOS ICs. The layout rules are extracted from the experimental test chips with latchup sensors and different drawing spacings. A new latchup prevention design with additional internal guard rings between the I/O cells and the internal circuits is first investigated in the fabricated experimental test chips. Through detailed experimental verification, including the temperature effect, one set of compact layout rules has been established to save the chip size of the pad-limited CMOS IC's but still with enough latchup immunity in a 0.5-/spl mu/m bulk CMOS technology.
Outer bounds on the error correction capacity region for non-multicast networks (2010)

In this paper we study the capacity regions of non-multicast networks that are susceptible to adversarial errors. We derive outer bounds on the error correction capacity region and give a family of single- and two-source two-sink 3-layer networks for which these bounds are tight.
Pseudo-Hamiltonian realization and its application (2002)

In this paper, the problem of pseudo-Hamiltonian realization of a control system is studied. Several sufficient conditions are obtained. The stability of a dynamic system is investigated via dissipative pseudo-Hamiltonian realization, and the stabilization of a control system is also investigated via feedback dissipative pseudo-Hamiltonian realization. Some relations between the stability (asymptotical stability) with the dissipative (strict dissipative) realization are revealed. Relations between the affine dissipative control systems and the dissipative pseudo-Hamiltonian realization are also investigated. These results show that the set of pseudo-Hamiltonian systems represent a very large class of interesting dynamic systems, and this approach is a powerful tool. Particularly, a generalization of the Krasovskii's Theorem is obtained. Then the problem of L 2 disturbance attenuation of a nonlinear system via pseudo-Hamiltonian realization is investigated. It is shown that for a class of pseudo-Hamiltonian systems the disturbance attenuation problem is solvable and an estimation of the boundary of the L 2 gain is obtained. Finally the results are applied to the excitation control of power systems. The stabilization and the H control problems are investigated for the singlemachine infinite bus power systems.
A comparison of two techniques for bibliometric mapping: Multidimensional scaling and VOS (2010)

Abstract VOS is a new mapping technique that can serve as an alternative to the well‐known technique of multidimensional scaling (MDS). We present an extensive comparison between the use of MDS and the use of VOS for constructing bibliometric maps. In our theoretical analysis, we show the mathematical relation between the two techniques. In our empirical analysis, we use the techniques for constructing maps of authors, journals, and keywords. Two commonly used approaches to bibliometric mapping, both based on MDS, turn out to produce maps that suffer from artifacts. Maps constructed using VOS turn out not to have this problem. We conclude that in general maps constructed using VOS provide a more satisfactory representation of a dataset than maps constructed using well‐known MDS approaches.
Insights into structure-function correlations of ungulate seminal plasma proteins. (2007)

The seminal plasmas of a variety of mammalian species contain factors that prevent inappropriate acrosome reactions ("decapacitating factors") and proteins that upon binding to the sperm surface enhance the fertilising potential of spermatozoa. The emerging view is that the membrane remodelling events that underlie capacitation of ejaculated spermatozoa in the female's genital tract is essentially conserved though it can be accomplished by different seminal plasma proteins in different species. The major seminal plasma proteins of ungulates (i.e., pig, bull, ram, stallion) belong to the spermadhesin family and to the Fn2-choline-binding proteins. Although the final effect of different seminal plasmas on homologous sperm capacitation may represent an example of functional convergence, individual proteins from the same family appear to function in a species-specific manner. Thus, differences in their structures, relative abundance, and expression patterns along the male genital tract may determine species-specific effects on sperm physiology of homologous proteins. Discussed here are a plethora of biochemical and biophysical studies on seminal plasma proteins from ungulates, including the determination of the crystal structures of porcine and bovine spermadhesins and bull PDC-109, which have provided over the past two decades insights into the molecular and structural basis of their role along the fertilisation process.
Liver transplantation for hereditary hemochromatosis (2001)

Although hereditary hemochromatosis (HHC) is relatively common, it is an uncommon indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The diagnosis of HHC in patients with end-stage liver disease is difficult because many of these patients have elevated serum and tissue iron levels. Of patients undergoing OLT with iron stores in the range typical for HHC, approximately 10% are homozygous for the C282Y mutation. Most studies published to date noted decreased survival in patients who underwent OLT for HHC compared with those who underwent OLT for other indications. Death in patients with HHC was caused by increased infectious and cardiac complications. Decreased post-OLT survival in patients with iron overload appears to be independent of HFE gene status. This suggests that regardless of the cause, iron overload may be detrimental in patients undergoing OLT. Follow-up of patients undergoing OLT for HHC and case reports of the inadvertent transplantation of a liver from a donor with HHC has furthered our understanding of the pathophysiological state of iron overload in HHC.
The ROSAT all-sky survey (1994)

Abstract The ROSAT (Rontgensatellit) X-ray astronomy satellite has completed the first all-sky X-ray and XUV survey with imaging telescopes. About 60,000 new X-ray and 400 new XUV /1/ sources were detected. This contribution will deal with preliminary results from the ROSAT ALL-SKY X-RAY SURVEY. The ROSAT diffuse and point-source X-ray skymaps, the positional accuracy obtained for the X-ray sources, and a few results from correlations performed with available catalogues in various energy bands like the Radio, Infrared, Visible, UV, and hard X-rays as well as identifications from optical follow-up observations are presented.
An expert system prototype assisting the statistical validation of simulation models (1991)

The validation stage is often neglected in a simulation project, due to the high level of knowledge which is necessary. In this paper, the expert system approach is proposed to assist the simulation user in selecting an appropriate validation method, application of this method in the appropriate way, and interpreting the results. The main objective of such a system is to regroup validation techniques, scattered in literature, into the same knowledge base, and then to complete it with knowledge in statistics, simulation, and validation techniques, coming from experts. This study is part of a more general study on an Intelligent Environment for Simulation. Due to the difficulty in designing such a validation expert system, the application domain is restricted to the validation of observable discrete systems (particularly manufacturing systems), and to methods based on statistical tests. The functions of the expert system and the chosen knowledge representation are outlined and a prototype developed using K.E.S. software, is introduced. A brief example is given which illustrates the system capabilities. Finally the conclusion states that the expert system approach is adapted, due to restrictions which were imposed.
Titration of Weak Acids in Nonaqueous Solvents. Conductometric Studies (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTitration of Weak Acids in Nonaqueous Solvents. Conductometric StudiesD. B. Bruss and G. A. HarlowCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 11, 1836–1839Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60143a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60143a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views208Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF SPIRO ORTHOCARBONATES (1985)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von Orthokohlensäuremethylester (I) mit 2 Äquivalenten Diolen (II) führt zu symm. Spiro‐orthokohlensäureestern (III).
CpG island methylation of microRNAs is associated with tumor size and recurrence of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (2011)

We investigated whether the CpG island methylation of certain microRNAs was associated with the clinicopathological features and the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer. The methylation of mir-152, -9-3, -124-1, -124-2, and -124-3 was analyzed in 96 non-small-cell lung cancer specimens using a combined bisulfite restriction analysis. The median observation period was 49.5 months. The methylation of mir-9-3, -124-2, and -124-3 was individually associated with an advanced T factor independent of age, sex, and smoking habit. Moreover, the methylation of multiple microRNA loci was associated with a poorer progression-free survival in a univariate analysis. Our result enlightens the accumulation of aberrant DNA methylation which occurs in concordance with the tumor progression.
Characterization of formulation parameters affecting low molecular weight drug release from<i>in situ</i>forming drug delivery systems (2010)

In situ forming implants (ISFI) have shown promise in delivering adjuvant chemotherapy following minimally invasive cancer therapies such as thermal ablation of tumors. Although ISFI systems have been thoroughly investigated for delivery of high molecular weight (Mw) therapeutics, little research has been conducted to optimize their design for delivery of low Mw drugs. This study examined the effect of varying the formulation components on the low Mw drug release profile from a ISFI consisting of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), fluorescein (model drug), and excipient dissolved in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP). Effects of varying PLGA Mw, excipient concentration, and drug loading were studied. Additionally, solubility studies were conducted to determine the critical water concentration required for phase inversion. Results demonstrated that PLGA Mw was the most significant factor in modulating low Mw drug release from the ISFI systems. ISFI formulations comprised of a low Mw (16 kDa) PLGA showed a significantly (p < 0.05) lower burst release (after 24 h), 28.2 +/- 0.5%, compared with higher Mw PLGA (60 kDa), 55.1 +/- 3.1%. Critical water concentration studies also demonstrated that formulations with lower Mw PLGA had increased solubility in water and may thus require more time to phase invert and release the drug.
On the Probability of Undetected Error for the Maximum Distance Separable Codes (1984)

In this paper we investigate the performance of maximum-distance-separable codes with symbols from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GF(q)</tex> when they are used for pure error detection or for simultaneous error correction and detection over a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</tex> -input and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</tex> -output discret memoryless channel with symbol error probability ε. First we show that the probability of undetected error for an MDS code used for pure error detection is upper bounded by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q^{-r}</tex> and decreases monotonically as εdecreases from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(q - 1)/q</tex> to 0, where <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</tex> is the number of parity-check symbols of the code. Then we show that the probability of undetected error for an MDS code used for correcting <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</tex> or fewer symbol errors is upper bounded by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q^{-r} \Sum\min{i=0}\max{t}(\min{i} \max{n})(q - 1)^{i}</tex> and decreases monotonically as ε decreases from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(q - 1)/q</tex> to 0. These results show that the MDS codes are effective for both pure error detection and simultaneous error correction and detection.
CD39 is highly up-regulated by exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in a mouse model of chronic infection. (2015)

<p>(<b>A, B</b>) Expression of CD39 and PD-1 by CD44<sup>–</sup> naive mouse CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (A) and in CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells at indicated times following LCMV Armstrong (acute) or Clone 13 (chronic) infection (B). Representative plots show total (black) and H-2Db GP<sub>276-286</sub> tetramer-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (red). Summary of results in 5 mice per group is shown in bar-graphs on the right. Statistical significance was assessed with Mann-Whitney test. *<i>P</i> < 0.5, **<i>P</i> < 0.01.</p>
Solar drying of sewage sludge (1982)

An experimental and analytical study on solar drying of digested sewage sludge is summarized. Documentation of the results of sludge-drying by passive means in a greenhouse-type structure is presented. The experimental program measured the hourly rate of evaporation of water from test trays placed both outside and inside a greenhouse test cell. A computer model was written to predict the evaporation rate and was verified against the experimental data. The model was then used to predict the yearly performance of a greenhouse drying system for 26 cities in the United States. These results are tabulated and are compared with published lake-evaporation data.
Accuracy of acoustic velocity metering systems for measurement of low velocity in open channels (1989)

For additional information, contact: Caribbean-Florida Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey3321 College AvenueDavie, FL 33314Contact Pubs Warehouse Acoustic velocity meter (AVM) accuracy depends on equipment limitations, the accuracy of acoustic-path length and angle determination, and the stability of the mean velocity to acoustic-path velocity relation. Equipment limitations depend on path length and angle, transducer frequency, timing oscillator frequency, and signal-detection scheme. Typically, the velocity error from this source is about +or-1 to +or-10 mms/sec. Error in acoustic-path angle or length will result in a proportional measurement bias. Typically, an angle error of one degree will result in a velocity error of 2%, and a path-length error of one meter in 100 meter will result in an error of 1%. Ray bending (signal refraction) depends on path length and density gradients present in the stream. Any deviation from a straight acoustic path between transducer will change the unique relation between path velocity and mean velocity. These deviations will then introduce error in the mean velocity computation. Typically, for a 200-meter path length, the resultant error is less than one percent, but for a 1,000 meter path length, the error can be greater than 10%. Recent laboratory and field tests have substantiated assumptions of equipment limitations. Tow-tank tests of an AVM system with a 4.69-meter path length yielded an average standard deviation error of 9.3 mms/sec, and the field tests of an AVM system with a 20.5-meter path length yielded an average standard deviation error of a 4 mms/sec. (USGS)
Poly(Ether‐ <i>b</i> ‐Amide) Thermoplastic Elastomers: Structure, Properties, and Applications (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Structure and characterization Crystallinity and morphology Microphase separation vs hard and soft segment block length Properties Mechanical properties Physico-chemical properties Processing Applications Sporting goods Medicine Industry Breathable structures Fragrance carrier Polymer additives and polymer components Conclusions and outlook References
스포츠사회학 : 직장체육동호인의 스포츠 참가가 의사소통만족 및 직무만족에 미치는 영향 (2000)

직장체육동호인의 스포츠참가가 의사소통만족 및 직무만족에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가정 하에 본 연구는 스포츠 참가정도(기간, 빈도, 강도)와 직무만족의 양자간 관계에 있어서 의사소통만족을 매개변인으로 하여 변인간의 인과적 관계를 규명하고자 하였다.
본 연구는 유층집락무선표집 방법을 이용하여 충청북도 소재 500인 이상의 제조업체에서 스포츠 동호인활동에 참여하고 있는 654명으로부터 수집한 자료를 연구의 대상으로 이용하였다. 의사소통만족은 Downs와 Hazen(1977)이 고안한 설문지를 번안하여 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증한 후 사용하였고, 직무만족은 유성식(1991)의 설문지를 조사도구로 사용하였다.
연구가설은 상관관계분석, 중다회귀분석과 경로분석 방법을 통해 검증하였으며 각 가설의 통계적 유의수준은 α=.05로 설정하였다.
이상의 과정을 통해서 이 연구에서 밝혀진 결론은 다음과 같다.
1. 직장체육동호인의 스포츠 참가 기간과 빈도는 의사소통만족 및 직무만족과 상관관계가 있는 반면, 참가 강도는 상관관계가 없다.
2. 직장체육동호인의 스포츠 참가 기간과 빈도는 의사소통만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 의사소통만족을 통제했을 경우는 스포츠 참가 기간만이 직무만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다.
3. 직장체육동호인의 스포츠 참가 기간은 의사소통만족을 매개로 하여 직무만족에 직·간접적인 인과효과가 있는 반면, 참가 빈도는 의사소통만족을 매개로 하여 직무만족에 간접적인 인과효과만 있다.
Bacterial Stress Responses to 1-Megahertz Pulsed Ultrasound in the Presence of Microbubbles (1998)

Members of a panel of stress-responsive biosensors have been used to study the effect of megahertz frequency ultrasound on Escherichia coli. Insonification causes acoustic cavitation, the collapse of oscillating microbubbles in solution, which can damage bacterial cells. A focused 1-MHz ultrasound transducer, capable of generating a spatial peak pulse average intensity of 500 W/cm2, was used to treat liquid bacterial cultures. Stress-responsive promoters fused to luxCDABE allowed the continuous measurement of light produced as a result of protein damage, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and membrane perturbation. A promoter responsive to ammonia limitation was not transcriptionally activated under test conditions. In contrast to bacteria in exponentially growing cultures, those in stationary-phase cultures were more resistant to the effects of ultrasound treatment. Quantification of the degree of acoustic cavitation due to symmetric bubble collapse was measured by a 20-MHz passive transducer, the output of which appears to be only partially correlated with cellular damage and survival. The methods and results summarized here provide the basis for further investigation into applications, including the purification of water samples.
Charge injection limits of activated iridium oxide electrodes with 0.2 ms pulses in bicarbonate buffered saline (neurological stimulation application) (1988)

The maximum charge injection without electrode solution decomposition for activated iridium wire electrodes in bicarbonate buffered saline was 2.1 and 1.0 mC/cm/sup 2/ geometric for anodic-first and cathodic-first, respectively, 0.2-ms balanced-charge biphasic current pulses. Electrodes biased at +0.8 V vs. SCE (saturated calomel electrode) accepted charge up to 3.5 mC/cm/sup 2/ geometric with monophasic cathodal pulses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>