gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
End-to-end rate-based congestion control: Convergence properties and scalability analysis (2003)

We study several properties of binary-feedback congestion control in rate-based applications. We first derive necessary conditions for generic binary-feedback congestion control to converge to fairness monotonically (which guarantees asymptotic stability of the fairness point) and show that AIMD is the only TCP-friendly binomial control with monotonic convergence to fairness. We then study the steady-state behavior of binomial controls with n competing flows on a single bottleneck. Our main result here shows that combined probing for new bandwidth by all flows results in significant overshoot of the available bandwidth and rapid (often super-linear as a function of n) increase in packet loss. We also show that AIMD has the best scalability and lowest packet-loss increase among all TCP-friendly binomial schemes. We conclude the paper by deriving the conditions necessary to achieve constant packet loss regardless of the number of competing flows, n, and, in both simulation and streaming experiments, examine one new scheme, called ideally scalable congestion control, with such constant packet loss.
Contributions to Molecular Magnetism: Chiral Magnets and Networked SMMs (2013)

Esta tesis aborda dos amplias ramas de investigacion del magnetismo molecular: imanes quirales y supraestructuras de Single Molecule Magnets (SMMs).
En la primera parte de la tesis se puede encontrar una amplia revision bibliografica de los conceptos de quiralidad nuclear y magnetica. En un contexto cientifico donde existen multiples definiciones para quiralidad magnetica y en todas ellas es tratada como un concepto local, esta tesis propone una nueva definicion para considerar una estructura magnetica como quiral. Diversas estrategias de sintesis de imanes quirales son descritas, y la estructura magnetica de tres compuestos obtenidos mediante una de ellas (la existencia de interacciones Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya) es analizada con difraccion de neutrones. El analisis de los resultados obtenidos y la comparacion entre compuestos lleva a identificar la influencia de los cationes y los ligandos en la estructura magnetica de este tipo de compuestos y la relacion existente entre centro de inversion y quiralidad magnetica. 
La segunda parte de la tesis esta dedicada a la caracterizacion magnetica de SMMs aislados y dispuestos en redes bidimensionales y tridimensionales. Este estudio esta motivado por el objetivo general de obtener supraestructuras formadas por SMMs unidos covalentemente. El grupo de investigacion M4 (Multifunctional Magnetic Molecular Materials) ha sintetizado varios compuestos que contienen cubanos de Co(II) aislados, dispuestos en redes bidimensionales con distinta topologia y en una red tridimensional tipo diamante. El compuesto que contiene cubanos de Co(II) presenta dos fases cristalinas en estado solido que permiten elegir la simetria de los clusteres presentes y por tanto la barrera energetica que impide el reverso de la magnetizacion por debajo de la temperatura del bloqueo. Se ha observado en las supraestructuras que el bloqueo de los clusteres a 5K coexiste con otros fenemenos de bloqueo y orden magnetico. La frontera entre las propiedades dinamicas y estaticas de los SMMs ha demostrado ser difusa y dependiente de la tecnica de medida.
A NEW APPROACH FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MSD OF ASPHALT CEMENT USING HPGPC (1992)

ABSTRACT A comparison between spectrophotometry and gravim-etry to study MSD of asphalt is presented. Spectrophotometry suffers from not detecting saturated compounds, as well as from variation of molar absorptivity during analysis. To address this, an asphalt sample is fractionated, and the relative molar absorptivity determined for each fraction. Using another sample weight of the whole asphalt, the saturates are separated, and injected to get their MSD using refractive index detection. This information - when used to mathematically treat the whole asphalt distribution data - can correct the latter to include saturates as well, but can only partially account for continuous variation of the molar absorptivity. Gravimetry is not susceptible to the above, or other, limitations. The accuracy, comparing weight injected with that collected, equals ±0.56 mg, and the maximum difference between double analyses is 1.4% Two identical, UV-detected MSD profiles did exhibit distinctly different MSD data using gravimetry
A hierarchical and adaptive deformable model for mouth boundary detection (2002)

An automatic algorithm to extract mouth boundaries in human face images is proposed. The algorithm is based on a hierarchical model adaptation scheme using deformable models. The knowledge about the shape of the object is used to define its initial deformable template. Each mouth boundary curve is initially formed based on three control points whose locations are found through an optimization process using a suitable cost functional. The cost functional captures the essential knowledge about the shape for perceptual organization. Two control points are the mouth corners, which are used as the initial location of the mouth after an approximate mouth window is found based on locating the head boundary. The model is hierarchically improved in the second stage of the algorithm. Each boundary curve is finely tuned using more control points. An old model is adaptively replaced by a new model only if a secondary cost is further reduced. The results show that the model adaptation technique satisfactorily enhances the mouth boundary model in an automated fashion.
Nobel Lecture: Topological quantum matter (2017)

Nobel Lecture, presented December 8, 2016, Aula Magna, Stockholm University. I will describe the history and background of three discoveries cited in this Nobel Prize: The "TKNN" topological formula for the integer quantum Hall effect found by David Thouless and collaborators, the Chern insulator or quantum anomalous Hall effect, and its role in the later discovery of time-reversal-invariant topological insulators, and the unexpected topological spin-liquid state of the spin-1 quantum antiferromagnetic chain, which provided an initial example of topological quantum matter. I will summarize how these early beginnings have led to the exciting, and currently extremely active, field of "topological matter."1 MoreReceived 17 June 2017DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.89.040502© 2017 Nobel Foundation, Published by The American Physical Society*The 2016 Nobel Prize for Physics was shared by David J. Thouless, F. Duncan M. Haldane, and John Michael Kosterlitz. These papers are the text of the address given in conjunction with the award.Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasTopological defectsTopological phase transitionTopological phases of matterGeneral PhysicsInterdisciplinary Physics
Up to 60 km Bidirectional Transmission of a 16 Channels × 10 Gb/s FDM-WDM PON Based on Self-Seeded Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate for the first time a bidirectional transmission up to 60-km of a 16-channel-WDM-PON at 10-Gb/s. An optical-budget over 30-dB was obtained. This was based on self-seeded RSOAs and multi-level-modulation of RF signals.
High-pressure combustor for the spectroscopic study of solid propellant combustion chemistry (1985)

An apparatus for spectroscopic studies of solid propellants burning at pressures up to 7 MPa (1000 psi) is described. The propellants are burned in a high-pressure combustor equipped with sapphire windows for optical access and a servomechanism that raises the propellant as it burns, allowing examination of a specific portion of the propellant flame for extended times. The results presented involve the collection of propellant flame emission spectra with a diode array detector over a fixed spectral region.
984. Constituents of the higher fungi. Part II. The synthesis of hispidin (1961)

R. L. Edwards and D. V. Wilson, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 5003 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610005003
A Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement using Android Smart Phones (2014)

Blood pressure (BP), the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, is an important physiological parameter and can provide some information for personal healthcare. There are two ways to measure blood pressure of human being, invasive and noninvasive methods. Invasive method can measure BP continuously and accurately, however, it is inconvenient to operate and may cause infection. Therefore, in this paper, we implement a cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitoring device, which is consisted of two acquisition modules and an Android smart-phone. The data can be transmitted by a Bluetooth module in the system. The pulse transit time (PTT) can be obtained by using the ECG and pulse wave signals, which were synchronously acquired by our designed system, for estimating blood pressure. Our proposed method can be used for non-constrained and continuous blood pressure monitoring.
Acupuncture Effect and Central Autonomic Regulation (2013)

Acupuncture is a therapeutic technique and part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Acupuncture has clinical efficacy on various autonomic nerve-related disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, anxiety and nervousness, circadian rhythm disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and subfertility. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that acupuncture can control autonomic nerve system (ANS) functions including blood pressure, pupil size, skin conductance, skin temperature, muscle sympathetic nerve activities, heart rate and/or pulse rate, and heart rate variability. Emerging evidence indicates that acupuncture treatment not only activates distinct brain regions in different kinds of diseases caused by imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, but also modulates adaptive neurotransmitter in related brain regions to alleviate autonomic response. This review focused on the central mechanism of acupuncture in modulating various autonomic responses, which might provide neurobiological foundations for acupuncture effects.
Differential Expression and Localization of the mRNA Binding Proteins, AU-Rich Element mRNA Binding Protein (AUF1) and Hu Antigen R (HuR), in Neoplastic Lung Tissue (2000)

Modulation of gene expression at the level of mRNA stability has emerged as an important regulatory paradigm. In this context, differential expression of numerous mRNAs in normal versus neoplastic tissues has been described. Altered expression of these genes, at least in part, has been demonstrated to be at the level of mRNA stability. Two ubiquitously expressed mRNA binding proteins have recently been implicated in the stabilization (Hu antigen R/HuR) or destabilization (AU-rich element mRNA binding protein [AUF1]/heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D) of target mRNAs. Further, their functional activity appears to require cytoplasmic localization. In the present study, we demonstrate a strong correlation between increased cytoplasmic expression of both AUF1 and HuR with urethane-induced neoplasia and with butylated hydroxytoluene-induced compensatory hyperplasia in mouse lung tissue. In addition, when compared with slower growing cells, rapidly growing neoplastic lung epithelial cell lines expressed a consistently higher abundance of both AUF1 and HuR proteins. Moreover, in nontumorigenic cell lines, both AUF1 and HuR protein abundance decreased with confluence and growth arrest. In contrast, in spontaneous transformants, AUF1 and HuR abundance was unaffected by changes in cell density. We suggest that growth-regulated alterations in AUF1 and HuR abundance may have pleiotropic effects on the expression of a number of highly regulated mRNAs and that this significantly impacts the onset, maintenance, and progression of the neoplastic phenotype. Mol. Carcinog. 28:76-83, 2000.
Segmentation of Clustered Nuclei With Shape Markers and Marking Function (2008)

We present a method to separate clustered nuclei from fluorescence microscopy cellular images, using shape markers and marking function in a watershed-like algorithm. Shape markers are extracted using an adaptive H-minima transform. A marking function based on the outer distance transform is introduced to accurately separate clustered nuclei. With synthetic images, we quantitatively demonstrate the performance of our method and provide comparisons with existing approaches. On mouse neuronal and Drosophila cellular images, we achieved 6%-7% improvement of segmentation accuracies over earlier methods.
Synthesis, Cytopathogenicity, and Modification of Avian Encephalomyelitis Virus (AEV) in Chick Kidney Cell Culture. (1959)

Virus synthesis, cytopathogenicity, and modification of virulence for chicks, of AEV in chick kidney cell culture after 10 serial passages, have been described. The cell culture virus has been identified by histopathologic changes in inoculated chicks and virus neutralization tests in a cell culture system. The possible application of the findings are discussed.
Oscillibacter ruminantium sp. nov., isolated from the rumen of Korean native cattle (2012)

A strictly anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated GH1(T), was isolated from the rumen of Korean native cattle (HanWoo). Cells were straight to slightly curved rods (2.0-4.5 µm long) and were motile by peritrichous flagella. The isolate grew at 30-45 °C (optimum 40 °C), at pH 5.5-6.5 (optimum pH 6.0) and with up to 3.5% (w/v) NaCl. Strain GH1(T) produced acid from d-glucose, d-ribose and d-xylose, with butyric acid being the major end product. The genomic DNA G+C content was 54.6 mol%. Based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain GH1(T) was most closely related to Oscillibacter valericigenes Sjm18-20(T) (97.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA-DNA hybridization between strain GH1(T) and O. valericigenes DSM 18026(T) showed 24% reassociation. The major fatty acids were iso-C13:0 (13.0%), iso-C15:0 (17.6%), anteiso-C15:0 (8.4%) and C14:0 (4.1%), and the cellular fatty acid methyl esters as dimethylacetals (DMAs) were C16:0 DMA (17.8%), iso-C15:0 DMA (15.2%) and C14:0 DMA (4.52%). The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain GH1(T) contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major cell-wall sugar was galactose. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, phylogenetic analysis, DNA G+C content, DNA-DNA relatedness and distinct phenotypic characteristics, strain GH1(T) is classified in the genus Oscillibacter as a member of a novel species, for which the name Oscillibacter ruminantium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GH1(T) (=KCTC 15176(T)=NBRC 108824(T)=JCM 18333(T)).
Lens-like medium using a diffused composite-elliptic core (1975)

The use of composite-elliptic core boundary shapes is proposed for the diffusion formation of lens-like media. This principally can get rid of the mode dispersion or skew ray distortion due to the x <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> y <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> term in the dielectric constant distribution.
Aerobic and anaerobic growth modes and expression of type 1 fimbriae in Salmonella (2007)

The aim of this study was to clarify the growth rates of facultatively anaerobic Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis strain in aerobic and anaerobic conditions and the expression of type 1 fimbriae in relation to the growth phases. The cultivation was carried out in a Portable Microbe Enrichment Unit (PMEU) where in same conditions one can grow the cells in parallel by modifying, e.g. aerobiosis only. The results obtained show that although the anaerobic metabolism is generally believed to be a slower producer of biomass or metabolites, in these circumstances S. enterica serovar Enteritidis strain gave comparable growth rates in anaerobiosis with nitrogenation as in aerobic cultures with constant aeration. Fimbrial antigens were produced in the beginning of logarithmic phase of the growth cycle both in the aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The fimbria remained in the presence of oxygen. This capability is possibly used for the intrusion of oxygen containing tissues of host body by the invading pathogens. In conclusion S. enterica serovar Enteritidis strain suspensions grow equally well in constant nitrogenation and aeration, and fimbria were produced in both conditions, during the early logarithmic phase but they prevailed in the presence of aeration.
Professional Android Application Development (2008)

Developers, build mobile Android apps using Android 4 The fast-growing popularity of Android smartphones and tablets creates a huge opportunities for developers. If you're an experienced developer, you can start creating robust mobile Android apps right away with this professional guide to Android 4 application development. Written by one of Google's lead Android developer advocates, this practical book walks you through a series of hands-on projects that illustrate the features of the Android SDK. That includes all the new APIs introduced in Android 3 and 4, including building for tablets, u
Effects of Thermal and Cryogenic Conditionings on Mechanical Behavior of Thermally Shocked Glass Fiber-Epoxy Composites (2005)

A very large thermal expansion mismatch may result in weakening the fiber-matrix interface and/or a possible matrix cracking due to thermal shock stress. The short beam shear specimens of glass-epoxy composite were treated at 40 C for a certain time and then exposed to 40 C for different conditioning times. The treatment was performed in the opposite direction of thermal cycle. The three-point bend test was carried out at room temperature with different crosshead speeds. The debonding effect of different natures of thermal shock (up- and down-cycles) and strengthening phenomena of thermal conditionings (above and subzero temperature conditionings) were assessed in the present study for the different durations of conditioning and different states of thermal conditionings (thermal and cryogenic). The state of the interactions between fiber and polymer matrix by the treatment was reflected in the shear values of the composites.
Design and construction of a remote sensing apparatus (1973)

The methods of identifying plant and soil types using remote sensing techniques are described. The equipment employed consists of a balloon system and a mobile remote sensing laboratory housing a radiometer which is mounted on a turret mechanism. The radiometer is made up of a telescope whose lenses are replaced by mirrors which channel received radiation into a monochromator. The radiation is then focused onto detectors for measurement of the intensity of the electromagnetic energy as a function of wavelength. Measurements from a wavelength of 0.2 microns to 15 microns are obtained with the system. diagrams are provided.
Mutagenic analysis in a pure molecular system shows that thioredoxin‐interacting protein residue Cys247 is necessary and sufficient for a mixed disulfide formation with thioredoxin (2012)

The human thioredoxin (TRX)-interacting protein is found in multiple subcellular compartments and plays a major role in redox homeostasis, particularly in the context of metabolism (e.g., lipidemia and glycemia) and apoptosis. A molecular approach to the protein's modus operandi is still needed because some aspects of the TRX-interacting protein-mediated regulation of TRX are not clearly understood. To this end, His-tagged TRX-interacting proteins were over-expressed in Escherichia coli. Because the protein is expressed mainly in inclusion bodies, it was denatured in high concentrations of guanidium hydrochloride, centrifuged, and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. His-TRX-interacting protein was then refolded by dialysis and its restructuring monitored by circular dichroism spectrometry. This preparation resulted in the formation of a covalent complex with recombinant human TRX, demonstrating that association occurs without the intervention of other partner proteins. Multiple cysteine-to-serine mutants of TRX-interacting protein were produced and purified. These mutations were efficient in limiting the formation of disulfide-linked homo-oligomers in an oxidizing environment. The mutants were also used to gain functional insight into the formation of the TRX-interacting protein-TRX complexes. These complexes were able to form in the absence of internal disulfide bridges. A mutant with all but one cysteine changed to serine (Cys ²⁴⁷) also showed an enhanced capacity to form complexes with TRX demonstrating, in a pure molecular system, that this particular cysteine is likely responsible for the disulfide bridge between TRX-interacting protein and TRX.
Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of atorvastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, in healthy subjects (1996)

This study examined the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of atorvastatin, an investigational inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, in 50 healthy subjects by means of a randomized, double-blind parallel-group design. Volunteers received rising single and multiple doses of 0.5 to 80 mg/day atorvastatin (40 subjects) or placebo (10 subjects). The drug was administered once or twice daily for 14 days. Atorvastatin was well tolerated by healthy subjects. The most common adverse events reported after atorvastatin-headache and nausea-occurred as frequently after placebo. Atorvastatin peak concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) values increased more than proportionally with atorvastatin dose after both single and multiple drug doses. The extent of atorvastatin absorption (AUC) was similar after once- or twice-daily drug administration. Steady-state drug concentrations were achieved by the third day of drug dosing. Mean elimination half-life values ranged from 11 to 24 hours. Atorvastatin accumulation was approximately 1.5- and 3.0-fold after once- and twice-daily administration, respectively. Atorvastatin produced dose-related reductions in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol that were similar after once- and twice-daily drug administration. Reductions in mean total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values ranged from 13% and 22% (2.5 mg/day) to 45% and 58% (80 mg/day), respectively (p < or = 0.0013 in comparison with placebo and with baseline over this dose range). In summary, atorvastatin doses of up to 80 mg/day were well tolerated and had significant cholesterol-lowering effects.
Granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor treatment of a patient in myasthenic crisis: Effects on regulatory T cells (2012)

Although definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from a single case, the correlation with similar findings in GM-CSF-treated animals with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis suggests further exploration of the effects of GM-CSF in myasthenia gravis should be studied in a clinical trial setting.