gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast SiC Epitaxial Growth in a Chimney CVD Reactor and HTCVD Crystal Growth Developments (2000)

The epitaxial growth of SiC is investigated in a CVD process based on a vertical hot-wall, or chimney, reactor geometry. Carried out at increased temperatures (1650 to 1850 degreesC) and concentr ...
Agrin Is a Major Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan in the Human Glomerular Basement Membrane (1998)

Agrin is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) that is highly concentrated in the synaptic basal lamina at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Agrin-like immunoreactivity is also detected outside the NMJ. Here we show that agrin is a major HSPG component of the human glomerular basement membrane (GBM). This is in addition to perlecan, a previously characterized HSPG of basement membranes. Antibodies against agrin and against an unidentified GBM HSPG produced a strong staining of the GBM and the NMJ, different from that observed with anti-perlecan antibodies. In addition, anti-agrin antisera recognized purified GBM HSPG and competed with an anti-GBM HSPG monoclonal antibody in ELISA. Furthermore, both antibodies recognized a molecule that migrated in SDS-PAGE as a smear and had a molecular mass of approximately 200-210 kD after deglycosylation. In immunoelectron microscopy, agrin showed a linear distribution along the GBM and was present throughout the width of the GBM. This was again different from perlecan, which was exclusively present on the endothelial side of the GBM and was distributed in a nonlinear manner. Quantitative ELISA showed that, compared with perlecan, the agrin-like GBM HSPG showed a sixfold higher molarity in crude glomerular extract. These results show that agrin is a major component of the GBM, indicating that it may play a role in renal ultrafiltration and cell matrix interaction. (J Histochem Cytochem 46:19-27, 1998)
Composition of Petroleum (1951)

This paper presents a survey of our present knowledge of the composition of petroleum. Included in the presentation is a brief discussion of the non-hydrocarbon constituents of petroleum, covering sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and metallic constituents, together with more detailed information regarding the hydrocarbon constituents which comprise the bulk of crude petroleum. In addition to a discussion of the hydrocarbon compounds and types of hydrocarbon compounds occurring in one representative petroleum, the problem is considered of how different crude petroleums differ in their composition with respect to the hydrocarbon components.
Low Temperature Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide and Methanethiol Using Wood and Coal Fly Ash (2003)

The feasibility of reusing waste material as an inexpensive catalyst to remove sulfur compounds from gaseous waste streams has been demonstrated. Wood and coal fly ash were demonstrated to catalytically oxidize H2S and methanethiol (CH3SH) at low temperatures (23-25 degrees C). Wood ash had a significantly higher surface area compared to coal ash (44.9 vs 7.7 m2/g), resulting in a higher initial H2S removal rate (0.16 vs 0.018 mg/g/min) under similar conditions. Elemental sulfur was determined to be the end product of H2S oxidation, since X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of crystalline sulfur. Catalytic decay occurred apparently due to surface deposition of sulfur and a subsequent decline in surface area (44.9-1.4 m2/g) during the reaction of H2S with the ash. Methanethiol was stoichiometrically converted to dimethyl disulfide ((CH3)2S2) without significant catalytic decay. Catalytic decay was reduced and H2S conversion increased (10% at 1.8 days vs 94% at 4.2 days) when H2S loading was decreased to levels typical of many environmental applications (500 ppmv inlet and 1.43 mg/min vs 60 ppmv, 0.09 mg/ min). Catalyst regeneration using hot water (85 degrees C) washing was possible, but only increased fractional conversion from 0.2 to 0.6 and the initial reaction rate to 50% of the original H2S oxidation activity.
Influence of oxygen on vacuum deposited iron thin film (1972)

Iron films were made by evaporation in a technical vacuum on amorphous carbon substrates at 20 degrees C and 120 degrees C. The structure and stability of the films were strongly affected by the quality of the vacuum during deposition. The films prepared in a vacuum of 2*10-4 Torr (O2) on the substrate at 20 degrees C exhibited an amorphous like halo pattern of electron diffraction but careful analysis revealed that they consisted of very fine grains having fcc structure. Films prepared on the substrate at 120 degrees C in the same vacuum were a mixture of wustite and a small amount of amorphous like iron which transformed to the defective magnetite structure by exposure to the air for a short period.
Using bilinear and quadratic forms for frequency estimation (1996)

This paper introduces an innovative approach for frequency estimation. The proposed algorithm can be used to estimate both small and off-nominal frequency deviations. The computational effort is dramatically reduced relative to conventional methods. In addition, the method provides high measurement accuracy and is relatively insensitive to harmonic distortion.
Staphylococcal Enterotoxins A and B: Solid-Phase Radioimmunoassay in Food (1973)

An immunoassay employing (125)I labeled enterotoxins A and B and polystyrene tubes coated with specific antibodies was used for detection and quantitation of enterotoxin in food. Ham salad, cheddar cheese, custard, condensed milk, and salami were studied. Enterotoxin was successfully determined in all the foods by simple extraction procedures. The assay was sensitive to 1 to 10 ng of toxin per g of food; nonspecific inhibitions were 15% or less.
Continuous Analysis by Measurement of the Rate of Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions. Glucose Determination. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContinuous Analysis by Measurement of the Rate of Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions. Glucose Determination.W. J. Blaedel and G. P. HicksCite this: Anal. Chem. 1962, 34, 3, 388–394Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60183a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60183a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
FUNGI OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC—XYLARIACEA (1945)

The Xylariaceae of the Dominican Republic are relatively little known, and in Ciferri's list (2), only thirteen species are reported. In Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Seaver and Chardón (4), report fifty-three species from a much smaller territory. Our unsatisfactory knowledge of the Dominican Xylariaceae is due to the fact that previous mycological explorers showed little or no interest in collecting saprophytic forms, confining themselves almost exclusively to plant parasites.
Fast Placement-Aware 3-D Floorplanning Using Vertical Constraints on Sequence Pairs (2010)

We present a placement-aware 3-D floorplanning algorithm that considers 3-D-placement of logic gates inside modules for wirelength minimization. It allows designers to introduce and evaluate an assignment of vertically-aligned parts of the same module to different device layers. A set of vertical constraints is derived on sequence pairs of different device layers that reduces the solution space, and a fast packing algorithm with vertical constraints enables quick floorplan evaluation. Experimental results on MCNC and GSRC benchmarks show that our algorithm can generate a good floorplanning solution with reduced wirelength inside modules and optimized footprint area while controlling the number of vias. Compared to the existing state-of-the-art 3-D floorplanning algorithms, our tool reduces the system level total wirelength by 9.8%.
Continuous Remote Mobile Identity Management Using Biometric Integrated Touch-Display (2012)

While enriching the user experiences, the development of mobile devices and applications introduces new security and privacy vulnerabilities for the remote services accessed by mobile device users. A trusted and usable authentication architecture for mobile devices is thus in high demand. In this paper,we leverage a unified structure, consisting of transparent TFT based fingerprint sensors, touchscreen, and display, to propose a novel identity management mechanism that authenticates usersof touch based mobile devices for accessing the local devices and remote services. Our solution differs from the previous one time and enforced authentication approaches through two novel features: (i) user transparent authentication process, requiring neither password nor extra login steps and (ii) continuous identity management based on fingerprint biometric, where each user-to-device touch interaction is used toward authentication.Moreover, we introduce two different security scenarios, one for local identity management, and the second extended solution for remote identity management. Finally we employ TRUST (Trust Reinforcement based on Unified Structural Touch-display) to solve the identity challenge in cyber space.
The impact of fluid documents on reading and browsing (2000)

Fluid Documents incorporate additional information into a page by adjusting typography using interactive animation. One application is to support hypertext browsing by providing glosses for link anchors. This paper describes an observational study of the impact of Fluid Documents on reading and browsing. The study involved six conditions that differ along several dimensions, including the degree of typographic adjustment and the distance glosses are placed from anchors. Six subjects read and answered questions about two hypertext corpora while being monitored by an eyetracker. The eyetracking data revealed no substantial differenccs in eye behavior between conditions. Gloss placement was significant: subjects required less time to use nearby glosses. Finally, the reaction to the conditions was highly varied, with several conditions receiving both a best and worst rating on the subjective questionnaires. These results suggest implications for the design of dynamic reading environments.
Synthesis of Novel Tricyclic Chromenone-Based Inhibitors of IRE-1 RNase Activity (2014)

Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1) is a kinase/RNase ER stress sensor that is activated in response to excessive accumulation of unfolded proteins, hypoxic conditions, calcium imbalance, and other stress stimuli. Activation of IRE-1 RNase function exerts a cytoprotective effect and has been implicated in the progression of cancer via increased expression of the transcription factor XBP-1s. Here, we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of novel chromenone-based covalent inhibitors of IRE-1. Preparation of a family of 8-formyltetrahydrochromeno[3,4-c]pyridines was achieved via a Duff formylation that is attended by an unusual cyclization reaction. Biological evaluation in vitro and in whole cells led to the identification of 30 as a potent inhibitor of IRE-1 RNase activity and XBP-1s expression in wild type B cells and human mantle cell lymphoma cell lines.
Introduction (2011)

In this first chapter we motivate our method via the assignment problem. Through this problem, we highlight the basic ingredients and ideas of the method. We then give an outline of how a typical chapter in the rest of the book is structured, and how the remaining chapters are organized.
Molecular characterization of the HA gene of influenza type B viruses (2005)

Nucleotide sequences of the HA1 subunit of influenza B viruses isolated in Portugal between 1994 and 2003 influenza winter seasons were analyzed by the Neighbor-Joining algorithm and rates of HA1 evolution estimated by linear regression. From 1994 to 2002, all influenza B viruses studied were of the Yamagata lineage. Strains isolated from 1994 to 1996, 1996 to 1999, and 1999 to 2002 revealed a high similarity with B/Beijing/184/93, B/Yamanashi/166/98, and B/Sichuan/379/99, respectively, and strains isolated during 1994-1995, 1996-1997, and 1998-1999 clustered in more than one branch of the phylogenetic tree. Victoria-related strains reappeared during 2002/2003 and formed only one branch in the phylogenetic tree revealing a closer relationship to B/Shandong/7/97. Evolutionary rates for strains from the Yamagata lineage were estimated as 3.82x10(-3) nucleotides/site/year and 2.62x10(-3) nucleotides/site/year for Victoria-related strains. In order to identify putative influenza B HA1 codons under selective pressure, a codon-substitution model for heterogeneous selective pressure at amino acid sites was used. A percentage of 97.3% of codons under negative selective pressure and 2.7% of codons under positive selective pressure (omega=dN/dS=2.65) were estimated, with posterior probability higher than 0.90. Amino acid sites 75, 197, and 199 were found more likely to be under positive selective pressure.
Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy Using Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibodies to Deliver Radiation to Murine Hematolymphoid Tissues and Human Myeloid Leukemia (2008)

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for treatment of hematologic malignancies frequently fails because of disease recurrence. We therefore conducted pretargeted (P)RIT studies to augment the efficacy in mice of therapy using a pretargeted anti-human (h)CD45 antibody (Ab)-streptavidin (SA) conjugate followed by a biotinylated clearing agent and radiolabeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacylodode cane N,N',N",N'''-tetraacetic (DOTA)-biotin. Tumor-to-blood ratios at 24 hours were 20:1 using pretargeted anti-hCD45 RIT and <1:1 with conventional RIT. In vivo imaging studies confirmed that the PRIT approach provided high-contrast tumor images with minimal blood-pool activity, whereas directly labeled anti-hCD45 Ab produced distinct tumor images but the blood pool retained a large amount of labeled Ab for a prolonged time. Therapy experiments showed that (90)Y-DOTA-biotin significantly prolonged survival of mice treated with pretargeted anti-hCD45 Ab-SA compared with mice treated with conventional RIT using (90)Y-labeled anti-hCD45 Ab at 200 muCi. Because human CD45 antigens are confined to xenograft tumor cells in this model, and all murine tissues are devoid of hCD45 and will not bind anti-hCD45 Ab, we also compared one-step and PRIT using an anti-murine (m)CD45 Ab where the target antigen is present on normal hematopoietic tissues. After 24 h, 27.3% +/- 2.8% of the injected dose of activity was delivered per gram (% ID/g) of lymph node using (131)I-A20-Ab compared with 40.0 +/- 5.4% ID/g for pretargeted (111)In-DOTA-biotin. These data suggest that pretargeted methods for delivering RIT may be superior to conventional RIT when targeting CD45 for the treatment of leukemia and may allow for the intensification of therapy, while minimizing toxicities.
Effect of Heating in Air or Vacuum on the Delamination Strength of WC-Co Coating Deposited by High-Velocity Flame Spraying. (1999)

High-velocity flame spraying of WC-Co cermet was applied on a tool steel substrate (JIS: SKD5). After the specimens were heated in air or vacuum, edge-indentation tests of the specimens were carried out to examine the change of delamination energy. For the specimens heated at 773K in air or vacuum within 144ks, delamination load did not change. When the heating temperature was 873K and hold time was longer than 144ks, the delamination load decreased. Delamination area decreased when the hold time exceeded 3.6ks. Delamination energy Ed of the specimen heated at 773K increased with increasing hold time within 144ks without decreasing hardness of coating and substrate, and the Ed was larger for the specimen heated in air than in vacuum. The Ed of the specimen heated at 873K in air increased with increasing hold time, but the hardness of coating and substrate decreased. The increase in delamination energy by heating was due to the diffusion of Fe and Co elements across the interface between coating and substrate.
Low-rank tensor decomposition based anomaly detection for hyperspectral imagery (2015)

Anomaly detection becomes increasingly important in hyper-spectral image analysis, since it can now uncover many material substances which were previously unresolved by multi-spectral sensors. In this paper, we propose a Low-rank Tensor Decomposition based anomaly Detection (LTDD) algorithm for Hyperspectral Imagery. The HSI data cube is first modeled as a dense low-rank tensor plus a sparse tensor. Based on the obtained low-rank tensor, LTDD further decomposes the low-rank tensor using Tucker decomposition to extract the core tensor which is treated as the “support” of the anomaly spectral signatures. LTDD then adopts an unmixing approach to the reconstructed core tensor for anomaly detection. The experiments based on both simulated and real hyperspectral data sets verify the effectiveness of our algorithm.
The Preparation of the Homologs of 3-Hydroxy-12-ketocholanic Acid (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of the Homologs of 3-Hydroxy-12-ketocholanic AcidErwin Schwenk, Byron Riegel, Robert Bruce Moffett, and Elsie StahlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 4, 549–551Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1943https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01244a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (324 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure of Cholecystokinin Receptor Binding Sites and Mechanism of Activation/Inactivation by Agonists/Antagonists (2002)

Delineation of CCK receptor binding sites is a prerequisite for the understanding of the molecular basis for ligand recognition, partial agonism, ligand-induced traffiking of receptor signalling. In the current paper, we illustrate how, in the past 5 years, studies from our laboratory and others have provided new data on the molecular basis of the pharmacology and functioning of CCK1 and CCK2 receptors. Available data on CCK1 and CCK2R binding sites indicate that 1) homologous regions of the two receptors are involved in the binding site of CCK, however, positioning of CCK slightly differs; 2) binding sites of non-peptide agonists/antagonist are buried in the pocket formed by transmembrane helices and overlap that of CCK and 3) residues of the binding sites as well as of conserved motifs such as E/DRY, NPXXY are crucial for receptor activation.
Deepbinner: Demultiplexing barcoded Oxford Nanopore reads with deep convolutional neural networks (2018)

Multiplexing, the simultaneous sequencing of multiple barcoded DNA samples on a single flow cell, has made Oxford Nanopore sequencing cost-effective for small genomes. However, it depends on the ability to sort the resulting sequencing reads by barcode, and current demultiplexing tools fail to classify many reads. Here we present Deepbinner, a tool for Oxford Nanopore demultiplexing that uses a deep neural network to classify reads based on the raw electrical read signal. This 'signal-space' approach allows for greater accuracy than existing 'base-space' tools (Albacore and Porechop) for which signals must first be converted to DNA base calls, itself a complex problem that can introduce noise into the barcode sequence. To assess Deepbinner and existing tools, we performed multiplex sequencing on 12 amplicons chosen for their distinguishability. This allowed us to establish a ground truth classification for each read based on internal sequence alone. Deepbinner had the lowest rate of unclassified reads (7.8%) and the highest demultiplexing precision (98.5% of classified reads were correctly assigned). It can be used alone (to maximise the number of classified reads) or in conjunction with other demultiplexers (to maximise precision and minimise false positive classifications). We also found cross-sample chimeric reads (0.3%) and evidence of barcode switching (0.3%) in our dataset, which likely arise during library preparation and may be detrimental for quantitative studies that use multiplexing. Deepbinner is open source (GPLv3) and available at https://github.com/rrwick/Deepbinner.
Targeting Leakage Constraints during ATPG (2008)

In previous technology generations IDDQ testing used to be a powerful technique to detect physical faults that are not covered by standard fault models or functional tests. Due to shrinking feature sizes and consequently increasing leakage currents IDDQ testing becomes difficult in the deep-sub-micron area. One of the problems is the vector dependency of leakage current. Even in good devices the leakage current may vary significantly from one test vector to the next. In this work we present an ATPG framework that allows to generate test vectors within tight constraints on leakage currents. The target range for the leakage current is automatically determined. Experiments on the ITC99 benchmark suite yield test sets that achieve 100% fault coverage for the larger circuits, even when the range is narrowed down to 50% of the standard deviation of random vectors.
Donor–Acceptor Intermediates and Low-Bandgap Polymers by Electropolymerization of Thienoazaborines (2011)

New low-bandgap polythiophenes (Eg ∼ 1.2 eV) with thienoquinodiimine and diphenylbithiophene alternating moieties were synthesized via electrochemical polymerization of azaborines 1a and 1b. The polymers were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), vis–NIR spectroelectrochemistry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Formation of these polymers is accompanied by boron expulsion from the fused dithienoazaborine system and formation of a new C–C bonds between thiophene backbone and phenyl substituents. This finding was supported by isolating the intermediates 2 and 3 with partially deborylated structures. The optoelectronic properties of the later, investigated by UV–vis spectroscopy and CV, are controlled by the interaction between the donor (amino-substituted thiophene) and acceptor (thienoazaborine) moieties which is weak in the ground state due to twisted structure of the molecule but is enhanced in the excited state leading to large fluorescence Stokes shift.