gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Encoder-Decoder Framework Translating Natural Language to Database Queries (2017)

Machine translation is going through a radical revolution, driven by the explosive development of deep learning techniques using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). In this paper, we consider a special case in machine translation problems, targeting to convert natural language into Structured Query Language (SQL) for data retrieval over relational database. Although generic CNN and RNN learn the grammar structure of SQL when trained with sufficient samples, the accuracy and training efficiency of the model could be dramatically improved, when the translation model is deeply integrated with the grammar rules of SQL. We present a new encoder-decoder framework, with a suite of new approaches, including new semantic features fed into the encoder, grammar-aware states injected into the memory of decoder, as well as recursive state management for sub-queries. These techniques help the neural network better focus on understanding semantics of operations in natural language and save the efforts on SQL grammar learning. The empirical evaluation on real world database and queries show that our approach outperform state-of-the-art solution by a significant margin.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines and Studies of the Pictet—Spengler Reaction. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
SYNTHESIS OF POLY(STYRENE-CO-BUTADIENE-g-ISOBUTY LENE) AND POLY(STYRENE-CO-ISOPRENE-g-ISOBUTYLENE) VIA A COMBINED RADICAL/CATIONIC ROUTE (2002)

ABSTRACT A synthetic route for graftcopolymers with macroinitiators synthesized by free radical polymerization in emulsion and polyisobutylene side arms is described. Unsaturated macroinitiators can be obtained by copolymerization of dienes with styrene and a styrene-based derivatives. The resulting macroinitiators poly(styrene-co-2-acetoxy-2-(4-vinylphenyl)propane-co-butadiene) and poly(styrene-co-2-acetoxy-2-(4-vinylphenyl)propane-co-isoprene) were used to initiate the cationic homopolymerization of isobutylene. The macroinitiators and the graftcopolymers were characterised with common methods such as NMR, IR and GPC.
Structure, G Protein Activation, and Functional Relevance of the Cardiac G Protein‐Gated K<sup>+</sup> Channel, I<sub>KACh</sub> (1999)

The muscarinic-gated atrial potassium channel IKACh has been well characterized functionally, and has been an excellent model system for studying G protein/effector interactions. Complementary DNAs encoding the composite subunits of IKACh have been identified, allowing direct probing of structural and functional features of the channel. Here, we highlight recent approaches taken in our laboratory to determine the oligomeric structure of native cardiac IKACh, the mechanism of activation of IKACh by G proteins, and the relevance of IKACh to cardiac physiology.
Diesel Soot Oxidation with NO<sub>2</sub>:  Engine Experiments and Simulations (2002)

The diesel particulate filters (DPFs) technology has impressively advanced especially during the last years, driven by the interest in the reduction of automobile particulate emissions. This paper is concerned with the effect of NO2 as an active oxidation agent in the regeneration process of the soot accumulated in the particulate filter. Experiments at realistic conditions using a diesel engine equipped with a standard oxidation catalyst and a particulate filter are carried out at a wide range of operating conditions. These results are used to validate an already available mathematical model of the NO2-assisted regeneration phenomena in the particulate filter. The combined use of experimental and modeling results provides interesting conclusions regarding the significance and the chemistry of the reaction of soot with NO2. The advantages and drawbacks of such an approach compared to standard laboratory synthetic gas studies are discussed. The agreement between experimental and simulation results in terms of engineering interest (rate of soot accumulation or depletion) is quite satisfactory and indicates that such a type of model could be a promising design tool.
Virtues, ecological momentary assessment/intervention and smartphone technology (2015)

Virtues, broadly understood as stable and robust dispositions for certain responses across morally relevant situations, have been a growing topic of interest in psychology. A central topic of discussion has been whether studies showing that situations can strongly influence our responses provide evidence against the existence of virtues (as a kind of stable and robust disposition). In this review, we examine reasons for thinking that the prevailing methods for examining situational influences are limited in their ability to test dispositional stability and robustness; or, then, whether virtues exist. We make the case that these limitations can be addressed by aggregating repeated, cross-situational assessments of environmental, psychological and physiological variables within everyday life-a form of assessment often called ecological momentary assessment (EMA, or experience sampling). We, then, examine how advances in smartphone application (app) technology, and their mass adoption, make these mobile devices an unprecedented vehicle for EMA and, thus, the psychological study of virtue. We, additionally, examine how smartphones might be used for virtue development by promoting changes in thought and behavior within daily life; a technique often called ecological momentary intervention (EMI). While EMA/I have become widely employed since the 1980s for the purposes of understanding and promoting change amongst clinical populations, few EMA/I studies have been devoted to understanding or promoting virtues within non-clinical populations. Further, most EMA/I studies have relied on journaling, PDAs, phone calls and/or text messaging systems. We explore how smartphone app technology provides a means of making EMA a more robust psychological method, EMI a more robust way of promoting positive change, and, as a result, opens up new possibilities for studying and promoting virtues.
El entrenamiento de la fuerza con pesas en el taekwondo. (2005)

Muestra la organizacion de los contenidos en las diferentes direcciones de fuerza, atendiendo a las caracteristicas del accionar competitivo del taekwondo. Destaca las direcciones, medios, cantidad de repeticiones, series, porcentajes, pausas y enfoca una metodologia para planificar un macrociclo de fuerza, desde la macro estructura hasta la unidad de entrenamiento.
Trace Determination of Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial Agents in Urban Wastewater by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection (2001)

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are among the most important antibacterial agents (synthetic antibiotics) used in human and veterinary medicine. An analytical method based on reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of nine FQs and the quinolone pipemidic acid in urban wastewater. Aqueous samples were extracted using mixed-phase cation-exchange disk cartridges that were subsequently eluted by ammonia solution in methanol. Recoveries were above 80% at an overall precision of better than 10%. Instrumental quantification limits varied between 150 and 450 pg injected. The presented method was successfully applied to quantify FQs in effluents of urban wastewater treatment plants. The two most abundant human-use FQs, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, occurred in primary and tertiary waste-water effluents at concentrations between 249 and 405 ng/L and from 45 to 120 ng/L, respectively. The identity of FQs in urban wastewater was confirmed by recording full fluorescence spectra and liquid chromatography directly coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. These results indicate that conventional environmental risk assessment overestimates FQ concentrations in surface waters by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.
Tumor cytotoxic activity of HGF-SF. (1993)

IMR-90 human embryonic lung fibroblasts secrete a tumor cytotoxic factor. This factor, termed F-TCF, is moderately cytotoxic in human tumor cell lines (KB, MCF-7, BG-1) and is very cytotoxic in mouse tumor cell lines (Sarcoma 180, Meth A sarcoma, P388). The cytotoxicity depends on the initial target cell number and is due to cytostasis rather than cytolysis. F-TCF was purified from conditioned medium by a combination of UF-concentration, CM sephadex C-50, Con A sepharose, Mono S cation-exchange and heparin sepharose chromatography and exhibited a molecular mass (M(r)) of 76 to 80 kD on SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions. F-TCF is a heterodimer composed of a large alpha-subunit with M(r) 52 to 56 kD and a small beta-subunit with M(r) 30 to 34 kD. F-TCF is a heparin-binding, heat-labile, basic glycoprotein (pI 7.4-8.6). Its activity is stable over the pH range of 6.0 to 9.0, but is completely lost after reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol. Protein sequencing indicates that the alpha-subunit is blocked at the aminoterminus. The primary amino acid sequences deduced from hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) cDNAs cloned from human placenta and liver cDNA libraries indicate that F-TCF is identical to the placenta type HGF in the aminoterminal sequence of the beta-subunit, but differs at two sites from the liver type HGF. Two forms of F-TCF cDNA were found in an IMR-90 human fibroblast cDNA library. One form was identical to placenta type HGF cDNA and the other was a variant with a 15 base pair deletion in the coding region. In addition, mRNA corresponding to the deleted form of cDNA was present in total RNA prepared from IMR-90 cells. F-TCF was thus identified as placenta type HGFs including a variant. The deleted form of recombinant HGF (rHGF) expressed in CHO cells had slightly lower heparin-binding affinity than did the intact form. Both rHGFs had almost the same dose-response curves for cytotoxicity in Sarcoma 180 or Meth A sarcoma cells. Moreover, rHGF (the deleted form) was cytotoxic in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2, Hep3B, H35). Dose-response curves for the stimulation of DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes by HGFs were very similar up to about 12.5 ng/ml, but differed significantly at higher concentrations. The deleted form gave maximal activity in a dose range of 12.5 to 100 ng/ml and had about 1.4- to 1.9-fold higher specific activity in that range than the intact form did.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Derivatives of Fluorene. XX.<sup>1a,b</sup> Fluorofluorenes. V. New Difluoro-2-acetamidofluorenes for the Study of Carcinogenic Mechanisms (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of Fluorene. XX.1a,b Fluorofluorenes. V. New Difluoro-2-acetamidofluorenes for the Study of Carcinogenic MechanismsMoses J. Namkung, T. Lloyd Fletcher, and William H. WetzelCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1965, 8, 4, 551–554Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00328a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00328a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Toward Massive Machine Type Cellular Communications (2016)

Cellular networks have been engineered and optimized to carrying ever-increasing amounts of mobile data, but over the last few years, a new class of applications based on machine-centric communications has begun to emerge. Automated devices such as sensors, tracking devices, and meters, often referred to as machine-to-machine (M2M) or machine-type communications (MTC), introduce an attractive revenue stream for mobile network operators, if a massive number of them can be efficiently supported. The novel technical challenges posed by MTC applications include increased overhead and control signaling as well as diverse application-specific constraints such as ultra-low complexity, extreme energy efficiency, critical timing, and continuous data intensive uploading. This article explains the new requirements and challenges that large-scale MTC applications introduce, and provides a survey of key techniques for overcoming them. We focus on the potential of 4.5G and 5G networks to serve both the high data rate needs of conventional human-type communication (HTC) subscribers and the forecasted billions of new MTC devices. We also opine on attractive economic models that will enable this new class of cellular subscribers to grow to its full potential.
A DoS-limiting network architecture (2005)

We present the design and evaluation of TVA, a network architecture that limits the impact of Denial of Service (DoS) floods from the outset. Our work builds on earlier work on capabilities in which senders obtain short-term authorizations from receivers that they stamp on their packets. We address the full range of possible attacks against communication between pairs of hosts, including spoofed packet floods, network and host bottlenecks, and router state exhaustion. We use simulation to show that attack traffic can only degrade legitimate traffic to a limited extent, significantly outperforming previously proposed DoS solutions. We use a modified Linux kernel implementation to argue that our design can run on gigabit links using only inexpensive off-the-shelf hardware. Our design is also suitable for transition into practice, providing incremental benefit for incremental deployment.
Improvement of the narrowband linear predictive coder. Part 2: Synthesis improvements (1982)

The narrowband linear predictive coder (LPC) is widely used in both civilian and military applications. Yet in spite of improvements over the years, it is still not universally accepted by general users. This report examines the weakness of the LPC synthesizer, particularly the excitation signal. Diagnostic Acceptability Measure tests show an increase up to five points. This can be achieved without altering the speech sampling rate, the frame rate, or the parameter coding.
Novel MI-based (FracBot) sensor hardware design for monitoring hydraulic fractures and oil reservoirs (2017)

Monitoring of hydraulic fractures and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs are crucial for determining the rich venue of oil and natural gas reserves. Wireless sensor nodes are a promising technology to collect data from hydraulic fractures and oil reservoirs in real time, such nodes are not available in the market since they need to be designed for this special application to overcome limitations caused by the small size requirement and the environment. To overcome limitations caused by harsh environmental conditions and energy constraints, this paper proposes a novel prototype of magnetic induction (MI)-based wireless sensor node (FracBot) to be used as a platform for a new generation of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) for monitoring hydraulic fractures, unconventional reservoirs and measuring other wellbore parameters. We design and develop the hardware of the MI-based wireless sensor for short range communication using near field communication (NFC) as a physical layer combined with energy harvesting capability and ultra-low power requirements. We realize theses characteristics using cost-effective and commercial off-the-shelf components. We confirm the performance of our design via theoretical and experimental evaluation. the FracBot can operate perpetually with minimum energy radiated conditions. Also, it can establish the communication link and transmit the data using modulation ASK with the data rate of 1.6 kbit/s.
Optical sensing based on localized surface plasmons (2005)

Resonant noble metal nanoparticles with dimensions of a few tens of nanometers and sustaining Localized Surface Plasmon (LSP) modes have been recently proposed as good candidates for increasing both integration and sensitivity compared to conventional extended thin metal films. Very recently several groups have reported results of sensing with a single nano-particle. The study we present contains two main parts. First, using randomly distributed colloidal gold spheres, we demonstrate the ability of LSP sensors for monitoring quantitatively and without the use of any label, the binding between small organic molecules and antibodies with real-life applications. In a second part, the Fourier Modal Method (FMM) is used to model controlled geometries of particles that allow for optimizing the sensor properties. In particular, we show that the electromagnetic coupling within a periodic 2D particle array can be optimized to increase the field localization and thus the sensitivity of the sensor.
Mass Spectrometry Data Analysis in the Proteomics Era (2007)

With the advent of whole genome sequencing, large-scale proteomics has rapidly come to dominate the postgenomic age. As such, tandem mass spectrometry has emerged as the most promising and powerful technique in this area but analysis of raw spectra remains one of the principle bottlenecks to making effective use of the technology. Analytical approaches for identifying proteins from MS/MS data fall into two categories: comparing measured fragment spectra to theoretical spectra from sequence databases and de novo peptide sequencing. Available methods still have weaknesses, highlighting the need for new powerful algorithms that are able to exploit the enormous volume of data generated by proteomic experiments. Recent efforts have also been directed towards the identification of post-translational modifications, biomarker discovery and quantitative proteomics. Overall, the intended goal of this review is to give as thorough as possible an overview of state-of-the-art approaches and tools developed to analyze tandem mass spectra in different fields and discuss future directions aimed at overcoming the limits of present methods. Keywords: Mass spectrometry, proteomics, database searching algorithms, spectra analysis, de novo sequencing, quantitative proteomics
Segment scheduling method for reducing 360° video streaming latency (2017)

360° video is an emerging new format in the media industry enabled by the growing availability of virtual reality devices. It provides the viewer a new sense of presence and immersion. Compared to conventional rectilinear video (2D or 3D), 360° video poses a new and difficult set of engineering challenges on video processing and delivery. Enabling comfortable and immersive user experience requires very high video quality and very low latency, while the large video file size poses a challenge to delivering 360° video in a quality manner at scale. Conventionally, 360° video represented in equirectangular or other projection formats can be encoded as a single standards-compliant bitstream using existing video codecs such as H.264/AVC or H.265/HEVC. Such method usually needs very high bandwidth to provide an immersive user experience. While at the client side, much of such high bandwidth and the computational power used to decode the video are wasted because the user only watches a small portion (i.e., viewport) of the entire picture. Viewport dependent 360°video processing and delivery approaches spend more bandwidth on the viewport than on non-viewports and are therefore able to reduce the overall transmission bandwidth. This paper proposes a dual buffer segment scheduling algorithm for viewport adaptive streaming methods to reduce latency when switching between high quality viewports in 360° video streaming. The approach decouples the scheduling of viewport segments and non-viewport segments to ensure the viewport segment requested matches the latest user head orientation. A base layer buffer stores all lower quality segments, and a viewport buffer stores high quality viewport segments corresponding to the most recent viewer’s head orientation. The scheduling scheme determines viewport requesting time based on the buffer status and the head orientation. This paper also discusses how to deploy the proposed scheduling design for various viewport adaptive video streaming methods. The proposed dual buffer segment scheduling method is implemented in an end-to-end tile based 360° viewports adaptive video streaming platform, where the entire 360° video is divided into a number of tiles, and each tile is independently encoded into multiple quality level representations. The client requests different quality level representations of each tile based on the viewer’s head orientation and the available bandwidth, and then composes all tiles together for rendering. The simulation results verify that the proposed dual buffer segment scheduling algorithm reduces the viewport switch latency, and utilizes available bandwidth more efficiently. As a result, a more consistent immersive 360° video viewing experience can be presented to the user.
Online Variational Inference for the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (2011)

The hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP) is a Bayesian nonparametric model that can be used to model mixed-membership data with a poten-tially infinite number of components. It has been applied widely in probabilistic topic modeling, where the data are documents and the compo-nents are distributions of terms that reflect recur-ring patterns (or “topics”) in the collection. Given a document collection, posterior inference is used to determine the number of topics needed and to characterize their distributions. One limitation of HDP analysis is that existing posterior infer-ence algorithms require multiple passes through all the data—these algorithms are intractable for very large scale applications. We propose an on-line variational inference algorithm for the HDP, an algorithm that is easily applicable to massive and streaming data. Our algorithm is significantly faster than traditional inference algorithms for the HDP, and lets us analyze much larger data sets. We illustrate the approach on two large collections of text, showing improved performance over on-line LDA, the finite counterpart to the HDP topic model. 1