gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclotriphosphazenes Containing Silicon as Single Solid-State Precursors for the Formation of Silicon/Phosphorus Nanostructured Materials (2008)

The synthesis and characterization of new organosilicon derivatives of N(3)P(3)Cl(6), N(3)P(3)[NH(CH(2))(3)Si(OEt)(3)](6) (1), N(3)P(3)[NH(CH(2))(3)Si(OEt)(3)](3)[NCH(3)(CH(2))(3)CN](3) (2), and N(3)P(3)[NH(CH(2))(3)Si(OEt)(3)](3)[HOC(6)H(4)(CH(2))CN](3) (3) are reported. Pyrolysis of 1, 2, and 3 in air and at several temperatures results in nanostructured materials whose composition and morphology depend on the temperature of pyrolysis and the substituents of the phosphazenes ring. The products stem from the reaction of SiO(2) with P(2)O(5), leading to either crystalline Si(5)(PO(4))(6)O, SiP(2)O(7) or an amorphous phase as the glass Si(5)(PO(4))(6)O/3SiO(2).2P(2)O(5), depending on the temperature and nature of the trimer precursors. From 1 at 800 degrees C, core-shell microspheres of SiO(2) coated with Si(5)(PO(4))(6)O are obtained, while in other cases, mesoporous or dense structures are observed. Atomic force microscopy examination after deposition of the materials on monocrystalline silicon wafers evidences morphology strongly dependent on the precursors. Isolated islands of size approximately 9 nm are observed from 1, whereas dense nanostructures with a mean height of 13 nm are formed from 3. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements show mesoporous materials with low surface areas. The proposed growth mechanism involves the formation of cross-linking structures and of vacancies by carbonization of the organic matter, where the silicon compounds nucleate. Thus, for the first time, unique silicon nanostructured materials are obtained from cyclic phosphazenes containing silicon.
V7, a novel leukocyte surface protein that participates in T cell activation. I. Tissue distribution and functional studies. (1995)

Among a panel of mouse mAbs generated to a human T cell clone, one mAb, V7.1, inhibited T cell activation in the mixed lymphocyte reaction and was studied further. V7.1 reacted strongly with Ag-specific T cell clones, in addition to freshly isolated monocytes and granulocytes. However, the mAb reacted weakly with freshly isolated PBLs (T cells, B cells, and NK cells), T cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, or Con A, and did not stain the vast majority of transformed cell lines of hemopoietic origin. Stimulation of T cells with anti-CD3, or the combination of anti-CD3 and PMA, or anti-CD3, PMA and ionomycin, markedly increased V7.1 surface staining. The mAb precipitated a single polypeptide chain of approximately 135 kDa from alloactivated T cells or monocytes, which was reduced to approximately 110 kDa after treatment with N-glycanase. The proliferative response of T cells to allogeneic monocytes or B lymphoblastoid cells was inhibited by V7.1, and inhibition was maximal when the mAb was present at the initiation of culture. V7.1 also exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of the T cell response to immobilized anti-CD3 Ab in the absence of APCs, indicating that the inhibitory effect of this Ab occurs at the T cell level. Expression of CD25 (IL-2R) on anti-CD3-activated T cells and secretion of IL-2 induced with anti-CD3 and PMA were inhibited by V7.1, whereas the Ab had no effect on T cell proliferation induced by PHA or Con A or on T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. These results indicate that V7.1 recognizes a novel leukocyte surface glycoprotein, designated V7, that is up-regulated on Ag but not lectin-activated T cells, and appears to play a role in TCR/CD3-dependent T cell activation. In an accompanying study, the gene encoding the V7 Ag is described and the molecule is shown to be a novel member of the Ig superfamily.
Local adaptation of the pondweed <i>Potamogeton pectinatus</i> to contrasting substrate types mediated by changes in propagule provisioning (2003)

1 We studied local adaptation to substrate type within a population of the clonal aquatic macrophyte Potamogeton pectinatus and the role that genotypic variation in propagule-provisioning plays therein. 2 P. pectinatus reproduces mainly by means of subterranean asexual propagules (tubers), whose survival and sprouting success depends on the interaction of factors such as the size of tubers, substrate type and predation risk by Bewick's swans. 3 We studied a population of P. pectinatus in which genotypes producing large tubers predominate at the sandy shore and those producing small tubers at the clay-rich shore. Clonal lines originating from different shores were grown on a sandy and a clay-rich substrate in a common-garden. Plants from all clonal lines were grown from tubers of a comparable size range, but the various clones from within each shore differed in the average size of tubers they are genetically determined to produce. 4 The performance of all clones was much lower on sandy substrate than on clay-rich substrate, indicating that the former is a stressful (nutrient-poor) environment. The reaction norms of morphological traits varied significantly among clones, revealing genetic variation in phenotypic plasticity. However, these differences were not related to our correlates of fitness (total tuber biomass, tuber size and tuber number). We found no evidence of local adaptation independent of genotypic tuber size. Instead, tuber size mediated local adaptation: clones producing larger tubers had a higher fitness in sandy substrate, while clones producing smaller tubers had a higher fitness in clay-rich substrate. 5 Our results imply that diversifying selection for tuber size takes place between the two substrate types and confirms the importance of tuber-size provisioning for local adaptation to substrate heterogeneity.
Separation of Hepatic Iron and Fat by Dual-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Based on Material Decomposition: An Animal Study (2014)

Separation of hepatic iron and fat by dual energy material decomposition in vivo was feasible, even when they coexisted.
New titanium imido chemistry (1997)

A general entry point to new titanium imido chemistry is gained via the readily prepared synthons [Ti(NR)Cl2(py)3] (R = But or aryl) and their homologues, from which straightforward metathesis reactions afford a wide range of derivatives. The structures, solution dynamics and reactivity of these new compounds are reviewed.
Synthesis of a (desSer1 Ile29 Leu89) chicken cystatin gene, expression in <i>E. coli</i> as fusion protein and its isolation (1989)

A synthetic gene coding for the cysteine proteinase inhibitor (desSer1 Ile29 Leu89) chicken cystatin was cloned and expressed in E. coli. The gene was assembled from 12 oligonucleotides and inserted into vector pUC 8. Expression as fusion protein was performed in a temperature-inducible E. coli system. The expression product was synthesized as 20% of total E. coli protein. The fusion protein was purified, the chicken cystatin homologue was split off with CNBr and the N-terminal sequence confirmed up to position 37. The properties of the purified material correspond to those of natural chicken cystatin. The recombinant cystatin variant binds anti-chicken cystatin IgG, is inhibitorily active and displays Ki values with papain and with cathepsin B similar to those determined for natural chicken cystatin.
Understanding Carotenoid Metabolism in Saffron Stigmas: Unravelling Aroma and Colour Formation (2010)

Unusual in plants, the Crocus sativus stigma accumulates large amounts of specific glucosylated apocarotenoids that contribute to the colour, flavour and aroma of saffron spice, the processed stigma of this species. These compounds are generated from the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids followed by specific glucosylation steps. Apocarotenoid biosynthesis and its regulation during saffron stigma development is a complex process that occurs alongside the development of the stigma, changing the organoleptic properties of the spice obtained. The expression pattern of the genes involved in the production of these compounds, their precursor’s changes as the stigma develops and the control of gene expression are all thought to be the main regulatory mechanisms for alterations in apocarotenoid levels. In C. sativus the carotenoid cleavage enzymes are especially important due to their involvement in apocarotenoid formation. Although several of these enzymes have been recently characterized, the enzyme involved in the generation of the main saffron apocarotenoids remains at the moment elusive. This brief review provides a comprehensive picture of the molecular regulation of colour and flavour biosynthesis in C. sativus along with what is currently known about the players involved.
Brain microvascular injury and white matter disease provoked by diabetes‐associated hyperamylinemia (2017)

These data identify vascular amylin deposition as a trigger of brain endothelial dysfunction that is modulated by plasma apolipoproteins and represents a potential therapeutic target in diabetes-associated dementia and stroke. Ann Neurol 2017;82:208-222.
Identification of Phosphorylation Sites in Proteins Separated by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (1998)

We report a fast, sensitive, and robust procedure for the identification of precise phosphorylation sites in proteins separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by a combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF) and online capillary liquid chromatography electrospray tandem ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS/MS). With this procedure, a single phosphorylation site was identified on as little as 20 ng (500 fmol) of the baculovirus-expressed catalytic domain of myosin I heavy-chain kinase separated by gel electrophoresis. The phosphoprotein is digested in the gel with trypsin, and the resulting peptides are extracted with > 60% yield and analyzed by MALDI/TOF before and after digestion with a phosphatase to identify the phosphopeptides. The phosphopeptides are then separated and fragmented in an on-line LC/ESI ion trap mass spectrometer to identify the precise phosphorylation sites. This procedure eliminates any off-line HPLC separation and minimizes sample handling. The use of MALDI/TOF and LCQ, two types of mass spectrometers that are widely available to the biological community, will make this procedure readily accessible to biologists. We applied this technique to identify two autophosphorylation sites and to assign at least another 12 phosphorylation sites to two tryptic peptides in a series of experiments using a gel slice containing only 200 ng (3 pmol) of human double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase expressed in a mutant strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Post‐processing correction of the endorectal coil reception effects in MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate (2010)

An algorithm for reducing the effect of the inhomogeneous reception profile in endorectal coil acquired 3D MRSI prostate data was demonstrated, illustrating increased homogeneity and more Gaussian peak area distributions.
FOXM1 Upregulation Is an Early Event in Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma and it Is Enhanced by Nicotine during Malignant Transformation (2009)

This study cautions the potential co-carcinogenic effect of nicotine in tobacco replacement therapies. We hypothesise that aberrant upregulation of FOXM1 may be inducing genomic instability through a program of malignant transformation involving the activation of CEP55 and HELLS which may facilitate aberrant mitosis and epigenetic modifications. Our finding that FOXM1 is upregulated early during oral cancer progression renders FOXM1 an attractive diagnostic biomarker for early cancer detection and its candidate mechanistic targets, CEP55 and HELLS, as indicators of malignant conversion and progression.
[Effects of ramipril and spironolactone on ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: randomized and double-blind study]. (1997)

Ramipril and spironolactone had similar effects on ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction, suggesting that aldosterone contributes to this phenomenon and that inhibition of its receptor may be as effective as ACE inhibition in its prevention.
Using decision support systems to market prepaid medical plans. (1991)

A decision support system (DSS) is described that enables executives quickly and easily to (1) manage relevant marketing information and (2) convert the information into market-effective health plans. Because the system primarily uses available records and routine transactions, it can be implemented cost efficiently.
Improving coherency of runtime integrity measurement (2008)

Recent work in software integrity verification provides techniques for measuring integrity at runtime, where a measurement agent observes the memory image of a running process and constructs some meaningful description of the process's current state. Unlike in static and load time measurement architectures, the target of a runtime measurement is running and hence able to change its state. In this setting, an accurate measurement must reflect a coherent state of the target. A coherent measurement must satisfy two properties: atomicity ensures that a measurement corresponds to the state of the target at a particular point in time and quiescence ensures that the target data is in a consistent state, i.e. not a critical section. We address the former property, showing that we can obtain an atomic measurement using a memory copy-on-write strategy, which we have implemented in the Xen hypervisor. We show that this approach achieves significant performance gains in the memory and time impact to the target, when compared with naive strategies for enforcing atomicity.
Livestock Feed Ban Preserves Drugs' Power (2002)

CHICAGO--
 It9s no secret that livestock fed antibiotics breed drug-resistant bacteria that can cause dangerous infections in people. But a new study suggests that the process is reversible. Banning a drug called avoparcin from animal feed dramatically reduced the chances that potentially dangerous gut microbes in hospital patients would be resistant to an important, related drug, Belgian researchers reported last month at a meeting sponsored by the American Society for Microbiology.
Assessing uncertainties in a simple and cheap experiment (2009)

This paper describes how to calculate measurement uncertainties using as a practical example the assessment of the thickness of ping-pong balls and their material density. The advantages of a randomized experiment are also discussed. This experiment can be reproduced in the physics laboratory for undergraduate students.
Chemical vapor deposition of fluorinated polymers (1993)

An overview of the authors` work directed toward the deposition of fluorinated polymers by condensation of thermally or photochemically generated intermediates directly from the vapor state will be presented. Previously known materials such as Teflon AF{reg_sign} and Parylene AF{sub 4} have been successfully deposited and are being evaluated for microelectronic application as on-chip dielectrics. A novel, one-step route to Parylene AF{sub 4} will be described which obviates the necessity of multistep organic synthesis to prepare precursors. A new, partially fluorinated parylene obtained from tetrafluoro-p-xylene will be described. It has also been observed that ultraviolet irradiation of the vapor of dimethyl tetrafluorobenzocyclobutene causes the deposition of an insoluble film which contains fluorine.
Use of Sodium Hetastarch (Hespan) Solution for Reduction of Postoperative Adhesion Formation in Rabbits (1996)

A study was conducted to determine the effect of sodium hydroxy ethyl starch (Hespan) on primary adhesion formation in a rabbit model. Hespan is a readily available volume expander. This was a randomized, double-blinded animal model in which New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to midline celiotomy. Adhesions were created by abrasion in both uterine horns, adjacent bowel, and peritoneum. Necropsies were performed at the 2-week interval and adhesions were graded. Significant decreases in type II and type III adhesions (p = .032 and p = .020, respectively) were demonstrated in Hespan-treated animals. Sodium hetastarch appears to decrease significant adhesion formation in treated animals and may have a role as an adjunct for postsurgical prevention.
High Throughput Preparation of Large Area Transparent Electrodes Using Non-Functionalized Graphene Nanoribbons (2011)

Transparent conducting films were prepared by using non-functionalized, non-oxidized graphene nanoribbons. Two different dispersion methods were compared. The produced films show sheet resistance as low as 800 Ω/sq when the transmittance at 550 nm is 78%. The performance of the films were close to the entry level for transparent electrode applications and is comparable to those of graphitized chemically converted graphene films, but in this case, no high temperature annealing step was required, thereby rendering this a technique suitable for use on thermally sensitive materials.
Analysis of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Using the Cationic JC-1 Dye as a Sensitive Fluorescent Probe (2019)

In recent years, fluorescent dyes have been frequently used for monitoring mitochondrial membrane potential to evaluate mitochondrial viability and function. However, the reproducibility of the results across laboratories strongly depends upon following well validated and reliable protocols along with the appropriate controls. Herein, we provide a practical user guide for monitoring mitochondrial membrane potential in whole cells using a fluorescent cationic probe. The data analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential we provide is one associated with the impact of xenobiotics such as tobacco smoking on blood-brain barrier endothelial cells including both mouse primary (mBMEC) and a mouse-based endothelial cell line (bEnd3) in a side by side comparison.
El futuro en la punta de un lápiz (2012)

?Alguna vez pensaste que tus dientes serian la clave para averiguar si estas enfermo? ?O
que cargando la bateria de tu portatil quince minutos, esta te duraria mas de una semana?
Pues por muy increible que parezca, todo esto y mucho mas seran posibles gracias al
mismo material, el grafeno.
Chloride and Hydrogen Ion Distribution between Human Red Cells and Plasma (1966)

Abstract Distribution of Cl ‐ and H + between human red cells and plasma has been studied after variations of plasma pH (induced both by changing pCO 2 and changing bicarbonate concentration). The distribution ratio of chloride Cl ‐ cell /Cl ‐ plasma = r(Cl ‐ ), and of hydrogen ions H + plasma /H + cell = r[H + ], showed the following relations to plasma pH: r(Cl ‐ ) = 3.319—(0.359 pH plasma ) r[H + ] = 3.094—(0.335 pH plasma ) The conception that the distribution of Cl ‐ and H + is a Donnan distribution, is supported by the distribution of Cl ‐ and H + found after addition of an impermeant, negatively charged ion (citrate) to the extracellular phase. The normally negative potential difference between cells and plasma may be inverted in the presence of citrate. The effects on ion distribution seen, when normal cells are suspended in isotonic sucrose or glucose, can be explained as being caused by diffusion potentials, which arise because of the much higher permeability of the red cell membrane towards anions than towards cations. Calculation of the water shift to be expected as the osmotic consequence of the redistribution of diffusible anions between cells and plasma (—ΔH 2 O/ΔpH: 423g H 2 O/kg RBC solids) was found to agree with the experimentally determined value of 404g H 2 O/kg RBC solids.
Kegel Exercises, Biofeedback, Electrostimulation, and Peripheral Neuromodulation Improve Clinical Symptoms of Fecal Incontinence and Affect Specific Physiological Targets: An Randomized Controlled Trial (2020)

The treatments for FI assessed have a strong and similar efficacy on severity and QoL but affect specific pathophysiological mechanisms. This therapeutic specificity can help to develop more efficient multimodal algorithm treatments for FI based on pathophysiological phenotypes.
Hydrierter nitrilkautschuk ein werkstoff mit neuen eigenschaften (1986)

Abstract Durch selektive Hydrierung der Doppelbindungen von Nitrilkautschuk (NBR) erhält man Produkte, die formal aus Ethen, 1‐Buten und Acrylnitril aufgebaut sind. Chemische und physikalische Unterschiede zwischen dem Ausgangs‐ und Endprodukt werden durch die spezifischen Eigenschaften von 1,4‐verknüpften Butadien‐ und den daraus abgeleiteten Ethensequenzen erklärt. Im Gegensatz zu Butadiensequenzen sind Ethensequenzen chemisch beständiger und können kristallisieren. Dies wird durch thermische und mechanisch‐dynamische Untersuchungen sowie die Bestimmung der Zugfestigkeit am Rohkautschuk und am rußgefüllten Vulkanisat gezeigt.
Changes in gingival crevicular fluid inflammatory mediator levels during the induction and resolution of experimental gingivitis in humans (2010)

Stent-induced gingivitis is associated with marked, but reversible increases in IL-alphaa and IL-1beta with suppression of multiple chemokines as well as selected MMPs.
INTRASPINAL MENINGIOMAS (1942)

Keen and conflicting discussion of the past few years concerning the histogenesis and classification of meningiomas has provided the stimulus for study of 130 such neoplasms arising in association with the membranes of the spinal cord. In the century and a half since Louis, 1 and then Bright 2 and Cruveilhier 3 first described fungoid and cancerous tumors of the dura mater, knowledge of the life history and cytologic variations of meningeal tumors has been greatly enriched. Although the unproved histogenesis has been an impediment to terminologists, it has stimulated investigation embracing every phase of these tumors; the desire to correlate results has led pathologists at times to study the embryology and comparative pathology, 4 with the result that doubt has been thrown on the specificity of the germ layers. The comprehensive review of Cushing and Eisenhardt 5 marked all the historical milestones in knowledge of meningiomas, and only specific
High temperature inorganic membranes for separating hydrogen (1995)

Effort has continued to accumulate data on the transport of gases over the temperature range from room temperature to 275{degrees}C with inorganic membranes having a range of pore radii from approximately 0.25 nm to 3 mn. An experimental alumina membrane having an estimated mean pore radius of 0.25 nm has been fabricated and tested. Extensive testing of this membrane indicated that the separation factor for helium and carbon tetrafluoride at 250{degrees}C was 59 and the extrapolated high temperature separation factor was 1,193. For safety reasons, earlier flow measurements concentrated on helium, carbon dioxide, and carbon tetrafluoride. New data have been acquired with hydrogen to verify the agreement with the other gases. During the measurements with hydrogen, it was noted that a considerable amount of moisture was present in the test gas. The source of this moisture and its effect on permeance was examined. Improvements were implemented to the flow test system to minimize the water content of the hydrogen test gas, and subsequent flow measurements have shown excellent results with hydrogen. The extrapolation of separation factors as a function of temperature continues to show promise as a means of using the hard sphere model to determine the pore size of membranes. The temperature dependence of helium transport through membranes appears to be considerably greater than other gases for the smallest pore sizes. The effort to extend temperature dependence to the hard sphere model continues to be delayed, primarily because of a lack of adequate adsorption data.
Comprehensive annotation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes and gene clusters of Aspergillus nidulans, A. fumigatus, A. niger and A. oryzae (2013)

This set of 266 manually curated secondary metabolite gene clusters will facilitate the investigation of novel Aspergillus secondary metabolites.