gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Verification of safety-critical software (2011)

Avionics software safety certification is achieved through objective-based standards.
On-pixel amorphous silicon amplifier for digital imaging (2002)

This work extends amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFT technology from its traditional use as a switching element to an on-pixel small signal amplifier for applications such as diagnostic medical imaging. The reported a-Si amplified pixel interface circuit offers improved signal-to-noise ratios, lower cost, and less off-panel circuit complexity compared to its (traditional) a-Si switch counterpart. An in-house test array of 250 mum(2) amplified pixel readout circuits based on MOS active pixel sensors is presented with measurement results that indicate excellent linearity, programmable gain, and real time readout. The amplified a-Si pixel advances the state-of-the-art by offering a large area real-time imaging solution (e.g. for low-noise fluoroscopic medical imaging) that is not viable with current a-Si switch based pixels. More significantly, the pixel due to its circuit gain, can operate with potentially reduced x-ray exposures which is particularly beneficial for reducing patient x-ray doses in diagnostic medical imaging applications.
Effect of Plasticizers on Structural and Dielectric Behaviour of [PEO + (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>(COO)<sub>2</sub>] Polymer Electrolyte (2013)

Improvements in ion transport property of polyethylene-oxide- (PEO-) based polymer electrolytes have been investigated, using different types of plasticizers. The effects of single and coupled plasticizers [i.e., EC, (EC + PC), and (EC + PEG)] on structural and electrical behavior of pristine electrolyte were studied by XRD, SEM technique, and impedance spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of the best plasticized system was found to be 4 × 10 −6 S/cm. Argand plots show dispersive nature of relaxation time or inhomogeneous space charge polarization of plasticized polymer electrolyte.
AN ASSESSMENT OF 3DTV TECHNOLOGIES (2006)

Stereoscopic 3D viewing techniques are almost as old as their 2D counterparts: experimental stereoscopic 3DTV immediately followed the invention of TV. Holography is a newer technology compared to stereoscopy, and there are indicators that satisfactory holographic 3DTV may be feasible. Another candidate technology for 3DTV is integral imaging. Holography and integral imaging provide true full parallax 3D displays in the ideal case. All these technologies have their own distinct features, advantages and problems. Interest in all forms of 3DTV has been significantly increasing both in research and commercial communities. An integrated 3DTV
Absolute Quantitative <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectroscopy for Compound Purity Determination (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTAbsolute Quantitative 1H NMR Spectroscopy for Compound Purity DeterminationMark Cushman, Gunda I. Georg, Ulrike Holzgrabe, and Shaomeng WangView Author Information Purdue University University of Minnesota University of Würzburg University of MichiganCite this: J. Med. Chem. 2014, 57, 22, 9219Publication Date (Web):November 7, 2014Publication History Published online7 November 2014Published inissue 26 November 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm501683whttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm501683weditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical Society. This publication is licensed under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is Open Access under the license indicated. Learn MoreArticle Views5765Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (181 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:High-performance liquid chromatography,Impurities,Medicinal chemistry,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Fusing Monocular Information in Multicamera SLAM (2008)

This paper explores the possibilities of using monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms in systems with more than one camera. The idea is to combine in a single system the advantages of both monocular vision (bearings-only, infinite range observations but no 3-D instantaneous information) and stereovision (3-D information up to a limited range). Such a system should be able to instantaneously map nearby objects while still considering the bearing information provided by the observation of remote ones. We do this by considering each camera as an independent sensor rather than the entire set as a monolithic supersensor. The visual data are treated by monocular methods and fused by the SLAM filter. Several advantages naturally arise as interesting possibilities, such as the desynchronization of the firing of the sensors, the use of several unequal cameras, self-calibration, and cooperative SLAM with several independently moving cameras. We validate the approach with two different applications: a stereovision SLAM system with automatic self-calibration of the rig's main extrinsic parameters and a cooperative SLAM system with two independent free-moving cameras in an outdoor setting.
<title>Characterization of the third-order nonlinearity of [(CH<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></formula>-TXP)Cd]Cl</title> (1999)

The third-order nonlinear optical properties of a methyl substituted Texaphyrin, [(CH<SUB>3</SUB>-TXP)Cd]Cl, were studied by degenerate four wave mixing and Z-scan techniques using 40 ps laser pulses at 532 nm. The molecular second- order hyperpolarizability ((gamma) ), the excited-state absorption cross section ((sigma) <SUB>ex</SUB>), the nonlinear refractive cross section ((sigma) <SUB>t</SUB>), and the optical limiting performances at both nanosecond and picosecond time scales have been determined. We have also studied the third- order nonlinearity of SiNc, one of the most promising optical limiting materials in literature, for comparison. The (gamma) value for [(CH<SUB>3</SUB>-TXP)Cd]Cl is 6.9 X 10<SUP>-31</SUP> esu, which is 4 times as larger as that of SiNc. The nonlinearity of [(CH<SUB>3</SUB>-TXP)Cd]Cl is predominantly electronic in origin with picosecond laser pulses. The excited-state absorption cross section ((sigma) <SUB>ex</SUB>) and the nonlinear refractive cross section ((sigma) <SUB>t</SUB>) obtained from the theoretical simulation and calculation of Z-scan results are 7.0 X 10<SUP>-17</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 1.7 X 10<SUP>-17</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP>, respectively. The complex shows strong optical limiting performance via reverse saturable absorption for 5 ns laser pulses. The nonlinear absorption of this molecule for 40 ps laser pulses exhibits a transition from reverse saturable absorption to saturable absorption when the fluence is higher than 0.3 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. These data suggest that this complex and related complexes are a promising class of nonlinear optical materials.
Spliceosomal Pre-mRNA Splicing (2014)

Providing a guide to classical experimental approaches to decipher splicing mechanisms and experimental strategies that rely on novel multi-disciplinary approaches, Spliceosomal Pre-mRNA Splicing: Met
Molecular Characterization of the Bacterial Communities in the Different Compartments of a Full-Scale Reverse-Osmosis Water Purification Plant (2008)

The origin, structure, and composition of biofilms in various compartments of an industrial full-scale reverse-osmosis (RO) membrane water purification plant were analyzed by molecular biological methods. Samples were taken when the RO installation suffered from a substantial pressure drop and decreased production. The bacterial community of the RO membrane biofilm was clearly different from the bacterial community present at other locations in the RO plant, indicating the development of a specialized bacterial community on the RO membranes. The typical freshwater phylotypes in the RO membrane biofilm (i.e., Proteobacteria, Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides group, and Firmicutes) were also present in the water sample fed to the plant, suggesting a feed water origin. However, the relative abundances of the different species in the mature biofilm were different from those in the feed water, indicating that the biofilm was actively formed on the RO membrane sheets and was not the result of a concentration of bacteria present in the feed water. The majority of the microorganisms (59% of the total number of clones) in the biofilm were related to the class Proteobacteria, with a dominance of Sphingomonas spp. (27% of all clones). Members of the genus Sphingomonas seem to be responsible for the biofouling of the membranes in the RO installation.
A superconducting nanowire can be modeled by using SPICE (2018)

Modeling of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors typically requires custom simulations or finite-element analysis in one or two dimensions. Here, we demonstrate two simplified one-dimensional SPICE models of a superconducting nanowire that can quickly and efficiently describe the electrical characteristics of a superconducting nanowire. These models may be of particular use in understanding alternative architectures for nanowire detectors and readouts.
Stem Cells in Stroke Treatment: The Promise and the Challenges (2012)

Stroke, for some years now the neglected major indication in the pharmaceutical development cupboard, has recently become one of the hot areas for stem cell therapy development. This is driven by better understanding of potential therapeutic opportunities both in the acute and chronic phases and the launch of a series of new early phase clinical trials in a number of countries, driven by positive data in relevant animal models. In addition, the impetus for stem cell product development is motivated by patient demand, with thousands of victims seeking unproven treatments abroad. This article looks at the many challenges facing the development of a stem cell therapy for stroke. These range from product characterization and banking, through nonclinical safety and efficacy to the regulatory requirements for starting patient trials and beyond to maximizing value from carefully designed efficacy trials.
Exon—intron organization of the <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> protein kinase genes <i>CDC2a</i> and <i>CDC2b</i> (1992)

We have previously shown by cDNA cloning that a higher plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, possesses at least two CDC2 genes (CDC2a and CDC2b) similar to the cell-cycle-controlling cdc2 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. To understand the exon-intron organization of these genes, genomic clones were isolated and their nucleotide sequences determined. The coding and 5'-untranslated regions of CDC2a were interrupted by seven and one introns, respectively, whilst CDC2b contained three introns within the coding portion. These intron positions partly overlapped with each other and with those of the yeast cdc2 gene, nevertheless the lengths and sequences of the corresponding introns were diverse.
Regulation of Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Action at the Receptor Level: Discontinuous Binding of Hormone to Synchronized Mouse Melanoma Cells During the Cell Cycle (1974)

Melanocyte stimulating hormone coupled to Sepharose effects an increase in tryosinase (EC 1.14.18.1; monophenol monoxygenase) activity of cultivated mouse melanoma cells. Synchronized cells are found to respond to melanocyte stimulating hormone only in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, although their response to cyclic AMP is independent of position in the cell cycle. The binding of (125)I-labeled melanocyte stimulating hormone occurs predominantly in G2. These observations are satisfied by a model in which the hormone can activate adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) by binding to a melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor only in G2; the events distal to cyclic AMP production can occur throughout the cell cycle.
SC-FDMA-based resource allocation and power control scheme for D2D communication using LTE-A uplink resource (2015)

Abstract Device-to-device (D2D) communication-enabled cellular networks allow cellular devices to directly communicate with each other without any evolved NodeB (eNB). D2D communication aims to improve the spectral efficiency and increases the overall system capacity. For future mobile networks, intelligent radio resource allocation and power control schemes are required to accommodate the increasing number of cellular devices and their growing demand of data traffic. In this paper, a combined resource allocation and power control scheme for D2D communication is proposed. In the proposed scheme, D2D communication reuses the uplink (UL) resources of conventional cellular user equipments (CUEs); therefore, we have adopted single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) as UL transmission scheme. The proposed scheme uses fractional frequency reuse (FFR)-based architecture to efficiently allocate the resources and mitigate the interference between CUEs and D2D user equipments (DUEs). In order to guarantee the user fairness, the proposed scheme uses the well-known proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm for resource allocation. We have also proposed an intelligent power control scheme which provides equal opportunity to both CUEs and DUEs to achieve a certain minimum signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) value. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the overall cell capacity and achieves low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).
On the Coding of Genetic Information (1963)

The process of expressing genetic information by aligning amino acids in proper sequence during protein synthesis usually requires the RNA polymerase-catalyzed synthesis of a strand of RNA complementary to DNA. Recent experiments reported at this Symposium, and elsewhere, suggest that M-RNA (messenger RNA) synthesized in vivo is complementary to only one of the two strands of DNA (Robison and Guild, 1963; Marmur, et al., 1963; Spiegelman, 1963; Wood and Berg, 1963). The M-RNA becomes bound to ribosomes, perhaps forming a polysomal aggregate and the amino acids may be carried to these sites and ordered in correct sequence by specific transfer RNA species. It is possible that M-RNA code words are read from a fixed point by nucleotide sequences in transfer RNA complementary to those in M-RNA code words.
Observations on the undersurface of the skeletalized human acromion in two populations (1999)

In late life, the humeral impingement disorder becomes common due to degenerative changes in the rotator cuff which allow the proximal humerus to press against the acromion in elevation of the arm, so producing facets on the tip region of the subacromial surface and on the lateral margin of the greater tubercle of the humerus. To discover what changes occur prior to those described, 184 acromions below the age of 55 years were examined. During the 18–25 year period, the subacromial surface showed patterns of formation of surface trabeculae of new bone, some associated with union of the epiphysis or with remodelling as a response to the presence of the proximal humerus at a distance of 10–15 mm; others indicated a subacromial attachment of the coraco-acromial ligament. As early as 30 years of age, flattening of the surface trabeculae of bone was noted in association with compression lipping of the outer margin of the greater tubercle of the humerus, the part that crosses closest to the subacromial surface during elevation of the arm. Although resembling changes found in the impingement disorder, in both populations by the age of 35 years the changes were too common to be so and were not associated with the erosive pitting of the upper surface of the tubercle regarded as the earliest bony criterion of degenerative change in the cuff. It is postulated that, in the normal shoulder joint, in raising the arm, pressure is exerted, perhaps transiently, in the subacromial bursa and adjacent soft tissues which induces the compressive changes described. Probably due to the physically arduous lifestyle of the islanders, these changes occurred earlier among them; so did (but later) cuff degeneration indicated by erosion of the humeral tubercle. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Therapeutic applications of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (2007)

Inhibitors of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) targeting different isozymes among the 15 presently reported in humans have various therapeutic applications. These enzymes are efficient catalysts for the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons, playing crucial physiological/pathological roles related to acid–base homeostasis, secretion of electrolytes, transport of ions, biosynthetic reactions and tumorigenesis. Many CA inhibitors have been reported as antiglaucoma, anticancer and antiobesity agents, or for the management of a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy and altitude disease. Furthermore, some CA isozymes appear to be valuable markers of tumor progression in a variety of tissues/organs. Various CAs present in pathogens such as Plasmodium falciparum, Helicobacter pylori, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, have started to also be investigated recently as drug targets. Recent progress in all these areas, as well as in the characterization of new such enzymes isolated in many other organisms/tissues, in addition to their detailed catalytic/inhibition mechanisms, are reviewed herein, together with the therapeutic use of these enzyme inhibitors and drug-design studies for obtaining such new-generation derivatives with improved activity.
Geographic information systems education for non-computer oriented college students (1994)

article Free Access Share on Geographic information systems education for non-computer oriented college students Author: Harold G. Campbell Department of Computer Information Systems, Humboldt State University, Arcata, Californi Department of Computer Information Systems, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CaliforniView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCSE BulletinVolume 26Issue 3Sept. 1994 pp 11–14https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187393Published:01 September 1994Publication History 2citation118DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads118Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A Note on Metric Properties for Some Divergence Measures: The Gaussian Case (2012)

Multivariate Gaussian densities are pervasive in pattern recognition and machine learning. A central operation that appears in most of these areas is to measure the difference between two multivariate Gaussians. Unfortunately, traditional measures based on the Kullback– Leibler (KL) divergence and the Bhattacharyya distance do not satisfy all metric axioms necessary for many algorithms. In this paper we propose a modification for the KL diver-gence and the Bhattacharyya distance, for multivariate Gaussian densities, that transforms the two measures into distance metrics. Next, we show how these metric axioms impact the unfolding process of manifold learning algorithms. Finally, we illustrate the efficacy of the proposed metrics on two different manifold learning algorithms when used for motion clustering in video data. Our results show that, in this particular application, the new proposed metrics lead to boosts in performance (at least 7%) when compared to other divergence measures.
Transgenic rats reveal functional conservation of regulatory controls between the <i>Fugu</i> isotocin and rat oxytocin genes (1997)

We have asked whether comparative genome analysis and rat transgenesis can be used to identify functional regulatory domains in the gene locus encoding the hypothalamic neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin. Isotocin (IT) and vasotocin (VT) are the teleost homologues of these genes. A contiguous stretch of 46 kb spanning the Fugu IT-VT locus has been sequenced, and nine putative genes were found. Unlike the OT and vasopressin genes, which are closely linked in the mammalian genome in a tail-to-tail orientation, Fugu IT and VT genes are linked head to tail and are separated by five genes. When a cosmid containing the Fugu IT-VT locus was introduced into the rat genome, we found that the Fugu IT gene was specifically expressed in rat hypothalamic oxytocinergic neurons and mimicked the response of the endogenous OT gene to an osmotic stimulus. These data show that cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors mediating the cell-specific and physiological regulation of the OT and IT genes are conserved between mammals and fish. The combination of Fugu genome analysis and transgenesis in a mammal is a powerful tool for identifying and analyzing conserved vertebrate regulatory elements.
Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the yttrium-hydrogen binary system (2018)

A coupled experimental investigation and thermodynamic study of the yttrium-hydrogen (Y-H) binary system were carried out to provide more comprehensive and quantitative insights into the key thermodynamic properties of this system. Y-H system in the full range of H/Y = 0–3.0 was investigated by accurate pressure composition isotherm (PCI) measurement to provide credible phase equilibria information and thermodynamic data. The phase boundaries obtained were in agreement with previous experimental data but with improved accuracy. With the guide of the crystal structures, all the solid phases were modelled using the three sublattice model. The Y-H phase diagram and thermodynamic parameters were calculated and assessed with the CALPHAD technique. The obtained results are in very good agreement with our experimental data and the published data reported in literature. The obtained thermodynamic database of Y-H system can be used to predict the hydrogenation behavior and decomposition temperatures of hydrides.