gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erythrocyte Acid Phosphatase in Human Hair Root Sheaths (1984)

Erythrocyte acid phosphatase (EAP) was observed in human hair root sheaths where hair sheaths and blood samples were collected from 150 donors. In each case, the hairs were typed first for EAP and then confirmed by typing the blood from the same donors. Of the 150 donors checked, EAP activity was found in 135 of the samples; the other 15 samples showed no activity because they contained no sheath cells. Of the 135 samples showing activity, 108 of those were typed accurately in EAP. The remaining 27 samples had EAP activity but with inconclusive findings. In this study, all six common phenotypes were encountered.
<b>Bicyclobutane</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBicyclobutaneDavid M. Lemal, Fredric. Menger, and George W. ClarkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 16, 2529–2530Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00899a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00899a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts in ESCA (1974)

A comprehensive account is presented of the theory of electron binding energies, chemical shifts, and related phenomena in electron spectroscopy. The potential model at various levels of approximation is examined and a few other models for the chemical shift in ESCA, such as the thermodynamic model based on the equivalent core approximation, are discussed. Other phenomena dealt with in this survey are, the reorganization energy following core ionization, multiplett splittings in paramagnetic substances, and electron shake-up and shake-off. Finally, the theoretical conditions for correlating chemical shifts in ESCA with chemical shifts in NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopy are considered.
Epigenomic Modifications Predict Active Promoters and Gene Structure in Toxoplasma gondii (2007)

Mechanisms of gene regulation are poorly understood in Apicomplexa, a phylum that encompasses deadly human pathogens like Plasmodium and Toxoplasma. Initial studies suggest that epigenetic phenomena, including histone modifications and chromatin remodeling, have a profound effect upon gene expression and expression of virulence traits. Using the model organism Toxoplasma gondii, we characterized the epigenetic organization and transcription patterns of a contiguous 1% of the T. gondii genome using custom oligonucleotide microarrays. We show that methylation and acetylation of histones H3 and H4 are landmarks of active promoters in T. gondii that allow us to deduce the position and directionality of gene promoters with >95% accuracy. These histone methylation and acetylation "activation" marks are strongly associated with gene expression. We also demonstrate that the pattern of histone H3 arginine methylation distinguishes certain promoters, illustrating the complexity of the histone modification machinery in Toxoplasma. By integrating epigenetic data, gene prediction analysis, and gene expression data from the tachyzoite stage, we illustrate feasibility of creating an epigenomic map of T. gondii tachyzoite gene expression. Further, we illustrate the utility of the epigenomic map to empirically and biologically annotate the genome and show that this approach enables identification of previously unknown genes. Thus, our epigenomics approach provides novel insights into regulation of gene expression in the Apicomplexa. In addition, with its compact genome, genetic tractability, and discrete life cycle stages, T. gondii provides an important new model to study the evolutionarily conserved components of the histone code.
Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar Parsing on Penn Treebank (2019)

Head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG) enjoys a uniform formalism representing rich contextual syntactic and even semantic meanings. This paper makes the first attempt to formulate a simplified HPSG by integrating constituent and dependency formal representations into head-driven phrase structure. Then two parsing algorithms are respectively proposed for two converted tree representations, division span and joint span. As HPSG encodes both constituent and dependency structure information, the proposed HPSG parsers may be regarded as a sort of joint decoder for both types of structures and thus are evaluated in terms of extracted or converted constituent and dependency parsing trees. Our parser achieves new state-of-the-art performance for both parsing tasks on Penn Treebank (PTB) and Chinese Penn Treebank, verifying the effectiveness of joint learning constituent and dependency structures. In details, we report 96.33 F1 of constituent parsing and 97.20\% UAS of dependency parsing on PTB.
Supporting choice and evaluation in preliminary design (1990)

This paper describes the theory, methodology and implementation of a knowledge based system for the preliminary design of multi-story buildings. The system is intended to act as an intelligent assistant and embodies some of the design expertise and working principles of experienced civil engineering designers. As an aid to exploratory design, the system proposes only a user-specified number of alternatives at any one time and uses a system of hard and soft constraints to evaluate alternative possibilities. An illustrative example is given and the system is evaluated with respect to its potential use by practicing designers and is compared to some previous design systems in related domains.
A model for Internet printing (1998)

article Free Access Share on A model for Internet printing Author: Scott Isaacson Novell, Inc., Provo, UT Novell, Inc., Provo, UTView Profile Authors Info & Claims StandardViewVolume 6Issue 4Dec. 1998pp 147–156https://doi.org/10.1145/338183.338186Published:01 December 1998Publication History 0citation467DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads467Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
An efficient power-saving protocol for internet traffic in wireless LANs (2006)

The main factor of wireless systems, such as Wire- less LAN, is battery-powered terminal, so energy-efficient MAC protocol should be used. The IEEE 802.11 standard adopts Power-saving mechanism in MAC protocol and two kinds of power-conserving mechanism that conform to the standard can be implemented, each of which has advantages and disad- vantages. We analyze the two schemes and propose a hybrid mechanism that is suitable for the current Internet environment. The proposed mechanism reflects the strong points of both schemes. Simulations are done in the heavy and light traffic environments.
Adaptive liquid lens actuated by photo-polymer (2009)

An adaptive liquid lens actuated by a photo-polymer is demonstrated. The lens cell consists of a top glass substrate and a bottom plastic slab with two holes: reservoir hole and lens hole, which are sealed with elastic membranes. A photo-sensitive polymer is attached to the membrane of the reservoir hole. Under blue light irradiation, the polymer is bent which exerts a pressure to regulate the curvature of the membrane on the lens hole and then change the focal length of the plano-convex lens. The focal length is tunable from infinity to 21.2 mm in seconds. Non-mechanical driving, easy integration with other optical components and compact system are the key features of this lens.
Comparative study on delay degrading estimation due to NBTI with circuit/instance/transistor-level stress probability consideration (2010)

NBTI degradation proceeds while a negative bias is applied to the gate of PMOS, whereas it recovers while a positive bias is applied. Therefore, PMOS stress (ON) probability has a strong impact on circuit timing degradation due to NBTI effect. This paper evaluates how the granularity of stress probability calculation affects NBTI prediction using the state-of-the-art long term prediction model. Experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of timing degradation due to NBTI effect is heavily dependent on granularity of stress probability consideration in timing analysis.
A REVIEW ON HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH PROLONGED STANDING IN THE INDUSTRIAL WORKPLACES (2011)

In industrial workplaces, many workers perform processes jobs in standing position for a long period of time. Working in standing position can be linked to versatility because the mobility of legs position and having large degree of freedom. This working position promotes workers to be more efficient and productive. Such advantages contribute high value for company profits; however, standing in a long period of time can lead to discomfort, muscle fatigue, and occupational injuries to workers. The purpose of this paper is to disseminate information on health effects, assessment methods, and control measures associated with prolonged standing jobs in industrial workplaces. Published articles related to standing in workplace have been reviewed. Based on published researches, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, chronic venous insufficiency, preterm birth and spontaneous abortion, and carotid atherosclerosis have been identified as common health problems associated with prolonged standing. Engineering and administrative controls have been proposed to the workplace to minimize the health problems.
Hot corrosion of Na2SO4-coated Ti3AlC2 in air at 700-1000 degrees C (2004)

Hot corrosion of layered machinable ceramic Ti3AlC2 coated with 3.8+/-0.2 mg/cm(2) Na2SO4 in air at 700-1000degreesC has been investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The hot corrosion of Ti3AlC2 was slight at low temperatures of 700 and 800degreesC, while Ti3AlC2 was severely attacked by fused sodium sulfate at 900 and 1000degreesC. No protective scales were observed on Ti3AlC2, and sulfur-rich layers were present at the Ti3AlC2 substrate/scale interface. The linear hot corrosion kinetics at 800 and 900degreesC demonstrated that electrochemical reactions of Ti3AlC2 with sodium sulfate at the substrate/scale interface dominated, while the parabolic kinetics at 1000degreesC implied that the rate-limiting step involved in the hot corrosion was the diffusion of hot corrosion medium through the scale formed. The hot corrosion behaviors were explained by a mechanism of electrochemistry coupled with basic dissolution-precipitation. (C) 2004 The Electrochemical Society.
Mapping and sequence‐specific identification of phosphopeptides in unfractionated protein digest mixtures by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (1992)

We have demonstrated a procedure for the rapid (minutes), sensitive (less than pmol), and sequence-specific identification of phosphopeptides in unfractionated digests of phosphoproteins using matrix-assisted UV laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. The mass-dependent identification of one specific 13-residue phosphopeptide (S105-K117), observed among the 153 possible trypsin digest fragments of human beta-casein (211 residues), was confirmed by amino acid sequence analysis of the 33P-labeled peptide after isolation by reverse-phase HPLC. MALDI-TOF was also used to monitor the rate and extent to which an 18-residue N-terminal beta-casein peptide (R1-K18) was phosphorylated in vitro. These results demonstrate that MALDI-TOF may be used (i) to facilitate the identification of sequence-specific sites of protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, (ii) to monitor protein and peptide phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reaction rates, even in complex unfractionated mixtures, (iii) to determine the minimum primary structure necessary for the phosphorylation of specific protein surface domains, and (iv) to evaluate the effects of intact protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation on susceptibility to subsequent proteolytic events.
Catalytic C−O Bond Cleavage of 2-Aryloxy-1-arylethanols and Its Application to the Depolymerization of Lignin-Related Polymers (2010)

A ruthenium-catalyzed, redox neutral C-O bond cleavage of 2-aryloxy-1-arylethanols was developed that yields cleavage products in 62-98% isolated yield. This reaction is applicable to breaking the key ethereal bond found in lignin-related polymers. The bond transformation proceeds by a tandem dehydrogenation/reductive ether cleavage. Initial mechanistic investigations indicate that the ether cleavage is most likely an organometallic C-O activation. A catalytic depolymerization of a lignin-related polymer quantitatively yields the corresponding monomer with no added reagent.
Ellos o Nosotros. La necesidad de discutir un programa de salida popular (2002)

"Following the economic crisis of 2001-2002, the author examines the posible economic scenarios for Argentina, with the central focus on developing a socio-economic emergency plan of popular guidance. Confronting the imposibility of avoiding bank collapses, the policy of bank expropriations is explored, with the objective of fovouring the little savings holders and the borrowers. The author suggests a rising of real wages, through a redistribution of income shock which would limit the extraordinary profits of capitalists, as well as an unemployed secure for the over 3 million argentines unempoloyed. He also proposes to stop all negotiations with the International Monetary Fund and the repudiation of all fraudulent credits. On the situation of privatized enterprises on the Menem administration, going throug a crisis after having many privileges, the proposal is to return them to a state-own regime with no indemnization. In conclusion, the author sustains the idea that socialism is the answer to the degradation of Argentina, wich he summarizes in the statement: is they or us."
Prevention of paclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy by lithium pretreatment (2012)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating side effect that occurs in many patients undergoing chemotherapy. It is often irreversible and frequently leads to early termination of treatment. In this study, we have identified two compounds, lithium and ibudilast, that when administered as a single prophylactic injection prior to paclitaxel treatment, prevent the development of CIPN in mice at the sensory-motor and cellular level. The prevention of neuropathy was not observed in paclitaxel-treated mice that were only prophylactically treated with a vehicle injection. The coadministration of lithium with paclitaxel also allows for administration of higher doses of paclitaxel (survival increases by 60%), protects against paclitaxel-induced cardiac abnormalities, and, notably, does not interfere with the antitumor effects of paclitaxel. Moreover, we have determined a mechanism by which CIPN develops and have discovered that lithium and ibudilast inhibit development of peripheral neuropathy by disrupting the interaction between paclitaxel, neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1), and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) to prevent treatment-induced decreases in intracellular calcium signaling. This study shows that lithium and ibudilast are candidate therapeutics for the prevention of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy and could enable patients to tolerate more aggressive treatment regimens.
[Mechanism study of antisense cyclin B1 in tumorigenesis inhibition using proteomic technique]. (2007)

Several proteins expressed differentially in CT26 cells after transfection of antisense cyclin B1, which take part in some signal pathways in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and transcriptional control. The antitumor effect of antisense cyclin B1 may relate to the interplay of the above proteins.
Detection and Quantification of Platelet‐bound Antibodies with Immunoperoxidase (1979)

The use of immunocytochemical techniques enables one to quantify antibodies bound to cell membranes. We have tested the platelets of subjects with immune thrombocytopenic purpura by this method. The washed platelets were incubated in the presence of antiglobulin conjugated with an equimolar amount of peroxidase. The fixed peroxidase was revealed and quantified by an enzymatic reaction using orthodianizidine-H2O2. From the results the number of immunoglobulin molecules per platelet was calculated. The test was calibrated so as to eliminate non-specific fixation of the reagent. Under these conditions the platelets of subjects with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura bound a much large amount of detectable immunoglobulin (800-21 000 molecules per platelet) than those of normal subjects (235 +/- 74 sites per platelet) or subjects with non-immune thrombocytopenia (395 +/- 203 molecules per platelet).
Evaluation of simulation-based scatter correction for 3-D PET cardiac imaging (1997)

Quantitative imaging of the human thorax poses one of the most difficult challenges for three-dimensional (3-D) (septaless) positron emission tomography (PET), due to the strong attenuation of the annihilation radiation and the large contribution of scattered photons to the data. In [/sup 18/F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) studies of the heart with the patient's arms in the field of view, the contribution of scattered events can exceed 50% of the total detected coincidences. Accurate correction for this scatter component is necessary for meaningful quantitative image analysis and tracer kinetic modeling. For this reason, the authors have implemented a single-scatter simulation technique for scatter correction in positron volume imaging. Here, they describe this algorithm and present scatter correction results from human and chest phantom studies.
Cellular tagging as a neural network mechanism for behavioural tagging (2016)

Behavioural tagging is the transformation of a short-term memory, induced by a weak experience, into a long-term memory (LTM) due to the temporal association with a novel experience. The mechanism by which neuronal ensembles, each carrying a memory engram of one of the experiences, interact to achieve behavioural tagging is unknown. Here we show that retrieval of a LTM formed by behavioural tagging of a weak experience depends on the degree of overlap with the neuronal ensemble corresponding to a novel experience. The numbers of neurons activated by weak training in a novel object recognition (NOR) task and by a novel context exploration (NCE) task, denoted as overlapping neurons, increases in the hippocampal CA1 when behavioural tagging is successfully achieved. Optical silencing of an NCE-related ensemble suppresses NOR-LTM retrieval. Thus, a population of cells recruited by NOR is tagged and then preferentially incorporated into the memory trace for NCE to achieve behavioural tagging.
Single-crystalline, epitaxial cubic SiC films grown on (100) Si at 750 °C by chemical vapor deposition (1992)

Single-crystalline, epitaxial cubic (100) SiC films have been grown on (100) Si substrates at 750 °C by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition, using methylsilane, SiCH3H3, a single precursor with a Si:C ratio of 1:1, and H2. This epitaxial growth temperature is the lowest reported to date. The films were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, infrared transmission, four-point probe and other methods. Based on double-crystal x-ray diffractometry, the crystalline quality of our films is equivalent to that of commercial films of similar thickness. The letter describes the novel growth apparatus used and the properties of the films.
IBM's 50 Million gate ASICs (2003)

There is no slowdown in the complexity increase for ASIC and SoC designs. As we write this paper in August, 2002, 40 M gate ASICs are nearing tape-out, and 50 M gate designs are likely to start before this conference takes place. This paper describes the current tool and methodology development efforts focused on enabling ASIC and SoC designs of these sizes and complexity, centered around the reduction of design turn-around-time, improvement of the quality of results and the modeling and optimization of deep sub-micron electrical effects.
Redox-Switching in a Viologen-type Adlayer: An Electrochemical Shell-Isolated Nanoparticle Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Study on Au(111)-(1×1) Single Crystal Electrodes (2011)

We reported the first application of in situ shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) to an interfacial redox reaction under electrochemical conditions. We construct gap-mode sandwich structures composed of a thiol-terminated HS-6V6H viologen adlayer immobilized on a single crystal Au(111)-(1×1) electrode and covered by Au(60 nm)@SiO(2) core-shell nanoparticles acting as plasmonic antennas. We observed high-quality, potential-dependent Raman spectra of the three viologen species V(2+), V(+●), and V(0) on a well-defined Au(111) substrate surface and could map their potential-dependent evolution. Comparison with experiments on powder samples revealed an enhancement factor of the nonresonant Raman modes of ∼3 × 10(5), and up to 9 × 10(7) for the resonance modes. The study illustrates the unique capability of SHINERS and its potential in the entire field of electrochemical surface science to explore structures and reaction pathways on well-defined substrate surfaces, such as single crystals, for molecular, (electro-)catalytic, bioelectrochemical systems up to fundamental double layer studies at electrified solid/liquid interfaces.