gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Switches Flipped by Oxygen (2007)

Singlet oxygen fuels anthracenes and forces an axial rotation of aryl substituents during the oxidation. The molecular switch can be synthesized in only one step from commercially available starting materials. Thermal cleavage of the resulting endoperoxides proceeds quantitatively and affords a simple 180° switch with oxygen as the only waste product. The initial trans state is attained by heating, and repetitive cycles are possible. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z700443_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Epithelial cell‐derived human β‐defensin‐2 acts as a chemotaxin for mast cells through a pertussis toxin‐sensitive and phospholipase C‐dependent pathway (2002)

Mast cells are known to accumulate at the sites of inflammation in response to chemoattractants generated in the local milieu. Since human beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2) is generated in several epithelial tissues where mast cells are present and because we have recently reported that this human antibacterial peptide induces mast cell degranulation, we thus hypothesized that hBD-2 could be a mast cell chemotaxin. Here we report that hBD-2 directly and specifically induces mast cell migration with an optimal concentration of 3 microg/ml. Checkerboard analysis showed that the migration was more chemotactic rather than chemokinetic. Moreover, Scatchard analysis using 125I-labeled hBD-2 revealed that mast cells have at least two classes of receptors, high- and low-affinity receptors, for this peptide. Moreover, the competitive binding assay suggested that hBD-2 is unlikely to utilize CCR6, a functional receptor for hBD-2-mediated dendritic and T cell migration, on mast cells. In addition, treatment of mast cells with G protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin, and phospholipase C inhibitor, U-73122, abolished the cell chemotaxis in response to hBD-2, indicating that the G protein-phospholipase C signaling pathway is involved in hBD-2-induced mast cell activation. Thus, we suggest that hBD-2, which was originally believed to be involved in innate host defense, may participate in the recruitment of mast cells to inflammation foci.
Sound Transmission Class - Field Testing and Results (2003)

Sound transmission class (STC) is a method commonly used in architectural acoustics and noise control problems to provide a single number rating to the speech privacy of common building partitions. The rating is determined by measuring the transmission loss (TL) of the partition of interest and then applying a curve fitting procedure as outlined by ASTM standards. While these standards provide a highly detailed data collection and processing procedure, they give limited insight into the type of response and deviation that may be expected from actual field measurements. Likewise, there is a tremendous amount of discussion in the literature on this topic, with some attempts to relate STC values to human perception and to provide ratings for common partitions. However, what is generally lacking is a detailed discussion involving the collection of field data under real conditions. The focus of this article is to relate the results of field measurements from a simplified version of the data collection procedure presented in ASTM E336-96 to the theoretical STC presented in the literature. This simplified procedure is an attempt to provide a less tedious, more efficient method of estimating the sound insulation of partitions and pathways. In particular, the effect of speaker type and location, source signal type, recording time, room geometry, type of microphone and placement, the spatial variation and repeatability of measurements on a particular partition and a comparison of results collected on a similar partition under different field conditions are analyzed and discussed in detail.
Suitability of Plastics for Airplane Dopes (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSuitability of Plastics for Airplane DopesGordon M. Kline and C. G. MalmbergCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1938, 30, 5, 542–549Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50341a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50341a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The canine oral microbiome: variation in bacterial populations across different niches (2020)

The bacterial community profiles indicated three discrete oral niches: soft tissue surfaces (buccal and tongue dorsum mucosa), hard tissue surface (supragingival plaque) and saliva. The ability to distinguish the niches by their microbiota signature offers the potential for microbial biomarkers to be identified in each unique niche for diagnostic use.
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for detecting<i>Mycoplasma hyosynoviae</i>and<i>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</i>in pen-based oral, tonsillar, and nasal fluids (2015)

Mycoplasma (M.) hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae are pathogens known to cause disease in pigs post-weaning. Due to their fastidious nature, there is increased need for culture-independent diagnostic platforms to detect these microorganisms. Therefore, this study was performed to develop and optimize quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays to rapidly detect M. hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae in pen-based oral fluids as well as nasal and tonsillar fluids as proxies for samples used in swine herd surveillance. Two methods of genomic DNA extraction, automated versus manual, were used to compare diagnostic test performance. A wean-to-finish longitudinal study was also carried out to demonstrate the reproducibility of using pen-based oral fluids. Overall, pen-based oral and tonsillar fluids were more likely to be positive for both types of bacteria whereas only M. hyorhinis was detected in nasal fluids. DNA extraction protocols were shown to significantly influence test result. Although the initial detection time somewhat differed, both organisms were repeatedly detected in the longitudinal study. Overall, this study evaluated two qPCR methods for rapid and specific detection of either mycoplasma. Results from the present investigation can serve as a foundation for future studies to determine the prevalence of the two microorganisms, environmental load, and effectiveness of veterinary interventions for infection control.
Split-View DNSSEC Operational Practices (2007)

The security extensions to the Domain Name System (DNSSEC) allow for
integrity protection, whereby it is possible to make a determination
of the verity of data returned from the Domain Name System in response
to a query. Current operation of the Domain Name System also allows
for the creation of multiple views of data, where the answer returned
in response to a query is dependent on the origin of the query. Data
integrity and the ability to return possibly conflicting values as in
split-views may be construed to be mutually conflicting goals; but
this apparent dichotomy is resolvable in practice through careful
configuration. This document provides recommendations for configuring
a manageable split-view DNSSEC environment in a representative
enterprise network.
A method for estimating baseline health care costs. (1995)

Baseline costs comprised around 18% of health care costs for men with asymptomatic HIV infection, but less than 1% of costs for men with AIDS. These estimates provide an essential baseline for determining the costs attributable to specific diseases.
Pure absorption-mode spectra from Bayesian maximum entropy analysis of ion cyclotron resonance time-domain signals (1991)

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT/ICR) mass spectra are normally reported in the (phase-independent) magnitude-mode format. In principle, the absorption-mode format offers spectral resolution enhanced by a factor ranging from square root of 3 to 2 over the corresponding magnitude-mode spectrum obtained by discrete FT of the same unapodized time-domain data. However, an absorption-mode display is generally unsuitable in practice because of the auxiliary spectral peaks (Gibbs oscillations) resulting from the relatively long time delay between excitation and detection. Although the resulting large phase variation (up to 100 pi rad or more across the Nyquist spectral bandwidth) can be corrected exactly for a continuous time-domain signal, phase correction of a discrete time-domain signal results in Gibbs oscillations even for a perfectly phased absorption-mode spectrum. In this paper, we show that a Bayesian "maximum-entropy" analysis of simulated and experimental ion cyclotron resonance time-domain noisy signals can recover a precisely phased absorption-mode frequency-domain spectrum that is devoid of Gibbs oscillations, is less sensitive to noise, and offers improved mass accuracy over that obtained from a conventional magnitude-mode discrete fast Fourier transform (FFT) spectrum.
Prospects for the internet of things (2015)

The future of the Internet of Things may rely on our ability to tackle issues of safety, security, and privacy, while creating standardized systems that are easy to use and configure.
The closely related homomeric and heterodimeric mannose‐binding lectins from garlic are encoded by one‐domain and two‐domain lectin genes, respectively (1992)

Lectin cDNA clones for two different lectins from garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulbs, ASAI and ASAII (ASA, Allium sativum agglutinin), were isolated and characterized. The first lectin, ASAI, is a heterodimer composed of two different subunits of 11.5 kDa and 12.5 kDa. It is translated from an mRNA of 1400 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 306 amino acids with two very similar domains. N-terminal sequencing of the two polypeptides of the mature lectin confirmed that both subunits are derived from the same precursor and that each corresponds to one of the two domains in the sequence. In contrast to ASAI, the second garlic lectin, ASAII, is a homodimer of two identical 12-kDa subunits. It is translated from an mRNA of approximately 800 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 154 amino acids. Interestingly, the coding region of the ASAII cDNA clones is almost identical to that of the second domain of the ASAI cDNA clones.
Accurate, predictive modeling of soft error rate due to cosmic rays and chip alpha radiation (1994)

We report here the development of a unique and comprehensive computer program (SEMM) to calculate the probability of soft fails in integrated circuits due to alpha particles emanating from the chip materials and due to terrestrial cosmic rays. This model treats all failure modes on an event by event basis allowing for all nuclear reactions and pulse shape effects. It is a three-dimensional design tool that takes the detailed chip layout and profile information to compute the soft error rate and is used without any parameter fitting. SEMM has been extensively tested with hot sources, high energy proton beams, and high elevation cosmic ray tests. Applications of SEMM to bipolar and CMOS chips and considerations for building in reliability for radiation induced soft fails are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization of Monoolein-Based Lipoplexes Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2007)

Lipoplexes are commonly used as delivery systems in vitro and in vivo, the role of a neutral lipid as helper being of extreme importance in these systems. Cationic liposomes composed of dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) with monoolein (MO) as a helper, at different molar ratios (1:2; 1:1 and 1:0.5) were prepared, and subsequently titrated to DNA. The structural and physicochemical properties of the lipid/DNA complexes were assessed by ethidium bromide (EtBr) exclusion, 90 degrees static light scattering (90 degrees SLS) assays and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). In EtBr exclusion assays, the steady-state fluorescence spectra of EtBr were decomposed into the sum of two lognormal emissions, emanating from two different environments--H(2)O and DNA, and the effect of charge ratio (+/-) was observed. 90 degrees SLS assays gave an important contribution, detecting size variations in systems with different MO fractions on the lipoplexes. In FRET assays, 2-(3-(diphenylhexatrienyl)propanoyl)-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPH-HPC) was used as donor and EtBr as acceptor. The DNA component previously calculated by EtBr exclusion, was used to determine the energy transfer efficiency, as an indirect measurement of the lipoplexes structural and physicochemical properties. Our results demonstrate that the inclusion of monoolein in the cationic liposomes formulation significantly modifies the rate of DNA complexation, being DODAB:MO (1:1) the system with higher DNA condensation efficiency.
Coordinated control strategy of wind/battery energy storage system hybrid power output based on adaptive dynamic programming (2016)

Based on the rate control method of the wind power fluctuation, this paper proposes an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) based method to optimize the power of battery energy storage systems (BESS) adaptively. On the one hand, this method can be used to adjust the unstable wind and BESS hybrid power output so as to satisfy the requirements of wind power. On the other hand, this method can be used to control the battery state of charge (SOC) maintained within a suitable range, to achieve a reasonable charge and discharge function of the battery. Take a typical wind farm's output as example, under the limitation of wind power volatility and battery state of charge, this paper shows the experiment that through the real-time online optimization of the smoothing process. The simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed coordinated control strategy based on ADP.
Cysteine‐proteinase‐inhibiting function of T kininogen and of its proteolytic fragments (1988)

Previous attempts to liberate T kinin from T kininogen [Moreau et al. (1986) Eur. J. Biochem. 159, 341-346; Gutman et al. (1988) Eur. J. Biochem. 171, 577-582] have shown that complete fragmentation of the precursor molecule into inhibitory peptides was achieved before any vasoactive peptide was released, suggesting a possible physiological significance for this phenomenon. In this study, cysteine-proteinase-inhibiting properties of rat T kininogen and of its proteolytic fragments issuing from trypsin and submaxillary gland endopeptidase k hydrolysis, have been investigated using rat lysosomal cathepsins B, H and L, papain and bovine calpains I and II. All three lysosomal cathepsins were inhibited by T kininogen but tighter interactions were observed with cathepsin L and papain. Though higher Ki values were obtained for cathepsins B and H, rate constants for association were found to have high and almost similar values (in the 10(6) M-1 s-1 range) whatever the enzyme used. Proteolytic fragments also inhibited cathepsin L and papain very strongly and even better than the entire molecule for some of them, but no significant inhibition of cathepsins B and H was observed. Bovine calpains were not inhibited by T kininogen nor by its proteolytic fragments. From the results of this kinetic analysis, which indicates that both the association and the dissociation of lysosomal cysteine proteinases with T kininogen may occur rapidly, an hypothesis has been put forward on the possible in vivo functioning of T kininogen as a proteinase inhibitor.
Grouping Product Features Using Semi-Supervised Learning with Soft-Constraints (2010)

In opinion mining of product reviews, one often wants to produce a summary of opinions based on product features/attributes. However, for the same feature, people can express it with different words and phrases. To produce a meaningful summary, these words and phrases, which are domain synonyms, need to be grouped under the same feature group. This paper proposes a constrained semisupervised learning method to solve the problem. Experimental results using reviews from five different domains show that the proposed method is competent for the task. It outperforms the original EM and the state-of-the-art
Global-scale Service Deployment in the XenoServer Platform (2004)

We are building the XenoServer platform for global com-puting, a public infrastructure capable of safely hosting un-trusted distributed services on behalf of uncooperative pay-ing clients. Service components execute on one or more XenoServers within resource-managed Virtual Machines (VMs) which provide resource isolation, protection, and al-low the execution of arbitrary applications and services. To assist the deployment of services on the platform, we provide an effective solution that allows users to fully cus-tomize the VMs to be launched by specifying the operating system kernel image and distribution le-system to be used. Moreover, we have implemented mechanisms for facilitat-ing easy and efcient distribution of those kernel and le-system images; users build their VMs &apos; congurations once and use the platform to efciently launch VMs on large numbers of machines around the world. Initial experiences with our deployment infrastructure demonstrate that the platform provides a practical substrate for public global computing; we show how a complex ser-vice running on the user&apos;s own customized Linux environ-ment can be deployed to multiple XenoServers around the world in under 45 seconds. 1
The gate oxide lifetime limited by `B-mode' stress induced leakage current and the scaling limit of silicon dioxides in the direct tunnelling regime (2000)

The scaling limit of the silicon dioxides as gate dielectrics is discussed from the viewpoint of the oxide lifetime. First, the definition of the `oxide lifetime' in the direct tunnelling regime has been studied, even though various studies report that soft breakdown (SBD) induces device failure. It is revealed that the previous studies overestimated the leakage current after the SBD, i.e. the `B-mode' stress induced leakage current (B-mode SILC), and that the SBD stressed under typical device-operating conditions never prevents the transistors from working well. Although hard breakdown is expected to limit the oxide lifetime consequently, a new concept of oxide lifetime limited by the chip-level off-leakage current, i.e. the statistical effect of the B-mode SILC, has been proposed. The study on the stress voltage dependence of oxide lifetimes limited by these two factors demonstrates that the oxide lifetime under typical device-operating conditions is limited by the B-mode SILC. Based on this concept, it has been clarified that the oxide lifetime as a reliability issue does not limit the scaling down of silicon dioxides as the gate dielectrics in future devices.
Immunologic Determinants of Disease Evolution in Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to<i>Leishmania major</i> (1998)

Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major is polymorphic in its clinical presentation and evolution. Clinical and parasitologic features and disease evolution of 112 Tunisian patients was evaluated. The expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 (p40), interferon (IFN)-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 73 biopsies. Cytokine mRNA expression varied individually over a wide range; TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IFN-gamma were detectable in >90% of lesions, IL-12 and IL-10 in 40% and 70%, respectively, and IL-4 in only 9%. Statistical analysis demonstrated positive association between the level of IL-12 and IFN-gamma and the presence of parasites in the lesions. Unfavorable evolution of the lesions was positively associated with high IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-gamma mRNA expression. These results indicate that an unfavorable clinical outcome was not related to an inadequate Th1 cell response and suggest that the macrophage-activating effect of IFN-gamma may be inhibited by the concomitant expression of IL-10.
Theories of the mechanism of action of inhalation anesthetics. (1969)

Abstract : Multiple theories have been formulated to explain the mechanism of action of inhalation anesthetics. The literature has been reviewed from the introduction of ether anesthesia in 1846 up to the present date. A concise table of theories has been compiled for ready reference. A discussion is given on recent theories and of evidence in their support. Two general concepts of the mechanism of action of general anesthetics are outlined. The review is of interest to anesthesiologists and all related basic science fields. (Author)
Complete mathematical modeling method for the analysis of immunofluorescence distributions composed of negative and weakly positive cells (1998)

In a recent paper (Lampariello: Cytometry 15:294-301, 1994), we proposed a method for the automated evaluation of the percentage of positive cells from flow cytometric immunofluorescence histograms. The method is based on a suitable mathematical representation of the control histogram, which is used to identify the negative cell distribution in the test histogram. In this paper we present an improvement of the previous method, where we assume that the positive cell distribution in the test can also be modeled making use of an empirical distribution of the same kind as employed for modeling the control. The parameters of this distribution are estimated directly from the test. In this way, a mathematical representation of the whole test distribution is calculated without having to set up a purely positive control. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the method in the determination of the positive percentage, we carried out a set of measurements of double-labeled and suitably treated cells, mixed in different ratios with control cells, and from each sample we obtained histograms with overlapped and well-separated positive and negative distributions. These last histograms allow us to determine the actual positive percentages and thus to evaluate the performance of the analysis method applied to the histograms with overlapped distributions.
Synthesis of a novel diazepine (2007)

Abstract magnified image A novel pyrrolopyridodiazepine ring system was synthesized from methyl 2‐methyl nicotinate.