gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pellicle Precursor Proteins: Acidic Proline-rich Proteins, Statherin, and Histatins, and their Crosslinking Reaction by Oral Transglutaminase (1999)

Previous studies have demonstrated that whole saliva and pellicle formed in vitro from oral fluid contain covalently crosslinked salivary proteins. The purpose of this study was to determine which salivary proteins can act as substrates for transglutaminase, an enzyme responsible for the covalent crosslink reaction between a glutamine residue and a lysine residue. Transglutaminase was prepared from the pellet fraction of human whole saliva. Dansyl cadaverine (N-dansyl-1,5-diaminopentane) was used to study the reactivity of glutamine residues in acidic large and small proline-rich proteins, statherin, and the major histatins, whereas a glutamine-containing dansylated peptide was used to study the reactivity of lysine residues in these proteins. Crosslink formation was measured fluorometrically after the addition of fluorescent probe to the salivary protein substrate and transglutaminase. The covalent attachment of the fluorescent probe to salivary proteins was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. It was found that almost all of the lysines present in the acidic PRPs and statherin, and some of the lysines present in histatins, could participate in the crosslink reaction. Glutamine reactivity was also observed, but a maximum of only 14% of glutamine residues present in acidic PRPs and statherin participated in the crosslink formation. These results demonstrate that primary pellicle precursor proteins, acidic proline-rich proteins, statherin, and the major histatins are capable of undergoing crosslink reactions catalyzed by oral transglutaminase. This may enable other proteins in the oral cavity to be incorporated into the acquired enamel pellicle.
Isolation of cloned cDNAs to auxin-responsive poly(A) <sup>+</sup> RNAs of elongating soybean hypocotyl (1982)

Auxin-responsive cDNA clones have been isolated from a cDNA library prepared from elongating soybean hypocotyl poly(A)(+)RNA. The expression of two such sequences has been assessed by RNA blot hybridization analyses during normal developmental transitions in the soybean hypocotyl and during incubation of sections excised from the region of cell elongation. The concentrations of these poly(A)(+)RNAs are higher in the elongating zone than in the apical and mature zones of the hypocotyl. Both poly(A)(+)RNAs are depleted during incubation of the sections in the absence of auxin. The loss of one of these sequences (pJCW1) is prevented by the addition of auxin to the incubation medium while the other sequence (pJCW2) increases above the initial level in the presence of auxin. The addition of auxin to auxin-depleted tissue in which the sequences are depleted results in rapid accumulation of these poly(A)(+)RNAs; pJCW1 accumulates to the control level while pJCW2 increases well above the control level. These data along with others [Baulcombe, D. C. & Key, J. L. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 8907-8913] demonstrate directly a highly selective effect of auxin on the expression of a small number of mRNAs in tissues undergoing both cell elongation and cell division in response to auxin. Although the data are suggestive of a close association betwen auxin action and altered gene expression, a causal relationship is not established. It seems highly unlikely, however, that such specific effects of auxin on gene expression are unimportant in auxin physiology.
Design of Long Circulating Nontoxic Dendritic Polymers for the Removal of Iron <i>in Vivo</i> (2013)

Patients requiring chronic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions for inherited or acquired anemias are at risk of developing transfusional iron overload, which may impact negatively on organ function and survival. Current iron chelators are suboptimal due to the inconvenient mode of administration and/or side effects. Herein, we report a strategy to engineer low molecular weight iron chelators with long circulation lifetime for the removal of excess iron in vivo using a multifunctional dendritic nanopolymer scaffold. Desferoxamine (DFO) was conjugated to hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and the plasma half-life (t1/2) in mice is defined by the structural features of the scaffold. There was a 484 fold increase in t1/2 between the DFO (5 min) versus the HPG-DFO (44 h). In an iron overloaded mouse model, efficient iron excretion by HPG-DFO in the urine and feces was demonstrated (p = 0.0002 and 0.003, respectively) as was a reduction in liver, heart, kidney, and pancreas iron content, and plasma ferritin level (p = 0.003, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.003, respectively) compared to DFO. Conjugates showed no apparent toxicity in several analyses including body weight, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, necropsy analysis, and by histopathological examination of organs. These findings were supported by in vitro biocompatibility analyses, including blood coagulation, platelet activation, complement activation, red blood cell aggregation, hemolysis, and cell viability. This nanopolymer-based chelating system would potentially benefit patients suffering from transfusional iron overload.
Microbially Catalyzed Nitrate-Dependent Oxidation of Biogenic Solid-Phase Fe(II) Compounds (2001)

The potential for microbially catalyzed NO3(-)-dependent oxidation of solid-phase Fe(II) compounds was examined using a previously described autotrophic, denitrifying, Fe(II)-oxidizing enrichment culture. The following solid-phase Fe(II)-bearing minerals were considered: microbially reduced synthetic goethite, two different end products of microbially hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) reduction (biogenic Fe3O4 and biogenic FeCO3), chemically precipitated FeCO3, and two microbially reduced iron(III) oxide-rich subsoils. The microbially reduced goethite, subsoils, and chemically precipitated FeCO3 were subject to rapid NO3(-)-dependent Fe(II) oxidation. Significant oxidation of biogenic Fe3O4 was observed. Very little biogenic FeCO3 was oxidized. No reduction of NO3- or oxidation of Fe(II) occurred in pasteurized cultures. The molar ratio of NO3- reduced to Fe(II) oxidized in cultures containing chemically precipitated FeCO3, and one of the microbially reduced subsoils approximated the theoretical stoichiometry of 0.2:1. However, molar ratios obtained for oxidation of microbially reduced goethite, the other subsoil, and the HFO reduction end products did not agree with this theoretical value. These discrepancies may be related to heterotrophic NO3- reduction coupled to oxidation of dead Fe(III)-reducing bacterial biomass. Our findings demonstrate that microbally catalyzed NO3(-)-dependent Fe(II) oxidation has the potential to significantly accelerate the oxidation of solid-phase Fe(II) compounds by oxidized N species. This process could have an important influence on the migration of contaminant metals and radionuclides in subsurface environments.
Automotive Traction Drive CVTs - An Overview (1986)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper is based on a prepared discussion which was presented at the CVT Panel (Session #1PC26) during the 1985 SAE International Congress and Exposition. The paper reviews the background of this rather intriguing class of variable-ratio mechanical drives and briefly summarizes the past worldwide research which led to the development of several automotive traction drive CVTs. The “toric” CVT, which was a subject of extensive research and development effort at General Motors and elsewhere, is used as an example for illustrating typical traction drive characteristics. Further, discussion is presented of the desirable attributes of traction drives, as well as of the various technical concerns arising from the power transfer through traction forces of a rolling contact under conditions unique to automotive transmission applications. The current state-of-the-art traction drive technology and several new developments in the area of automotive traction drive CVTs, reported in recent literature, are also discussed.</div>
Hicrî II. Yüzyılda İstihsân ve Maslahat Kavramları (2003)

<b>Istihsan and Maslahat Consepts in Second Century After the H Egira</b><br>The formatiye period of Islamic legal methodology, i.e. the second century after the Hegira, witnessed the emergence of some new concepts and terms. The concept that was established on an ad hoc basis to overcome the challenges, which the striet reasoning (qiyas) causes, was named as istihsan. The classical sources mention that Abu Hanifa introduced the term istihsan to the lslamic legal thought. Although we do not know his definition of this technical term, there are some explanations narrated from him in the works of his disciples such as Abu Yusuf and alShaibani, and in the works of al-Shafii who was an opponent of istihsan. In this article, depending on the early sources, i argue that the principle of istihsan has already existed as part of the aetual rea$Oning of the jurists before Abu Hanifa, and i try to explore the meaning of this principle when it emerged.<br><br>https://www.marife.org/marife/article/view/109
Donor Age-Related Biological Properties of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Change in Nanostructured Scaffolds (2012)

The aim of the present work is to study how biological properties, such as proliferation and commitment ability, of human adult dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) relate to the age of the donor. Human dental pulps were extracted from molars of healthy adult subjects aged 16 to >66 years. DPSCs were isolated and cultured in the presence of osteogenic, neurogenic, or vasculogenic differentiation medium. Proliferation ability was evaluated by determining doubling time, and commitment ability was evaluated by gene expression and morphological analyses for tissue-specific markers. The results confirm a well-defined proliferative ability for each donor age group at an early in vitro passage (p2). DPSCs from younger donors (up to 35 years) maintain this ability in long-term cultures (p8). Stem cells of all age donor groups maintain their commitment ability during in vitro culture. In vivo tests on the critical size defect repair process confirmed that DPSCs of all donor ages are a potent tool for bone tissue regeneration when mixed with 3D nanostructured scaffolds.
Chamber music in the barn : Tourism, nostalgia, and the reproduction of social class (1999)

This paper considers the narrative strategies used by tourists attending a chamber music festival held on Washington 's Olympic Peninsula. Such tourists use nostalgia to construct notions of countryfolk , classical music, and life on the farm, constructions formed by political, cultural, and class struggles that may be found in many regions of the United States. By looking at the distinctions made between urban and rural places, people and things , / show how nostalgia and narrative work together with idealized visions of farm life to distinguish people , to put one group in their place while asserting the superiority of another, and to reinforce and maintain class distinctions. This story takes place in the state of Washington, west of the Cascade Mountains, on a thin strip of land along the Pacific coast. Gray and rainy during the winter months, in the summer the days are long and the sky stays blue and clear for weeks at a time. The Pacific Ocean cleaves this land, forming Puget Sound and separating the Olympic Peninsula from the rest of the state. The landscape of the Peninsula is varied, from the Hoh rainforest in the southwest, where mossy trees drip with moisture year round, through the old growth forests and glacier peaks of Olympic National Park, to the eternally sunny river valleys and hills of the northern part of the Peninsula. Logging towns with mills and lumber yards, old sea ports and fisheries, small farming communities, and retirement developments dot the land surrounding the National Park. Occupations such as fishing, logging, and farming have descended through generations of women and men in this sparsely populated area. Increasingly, however, over-fishing, clear-cutting, and the decline of the family farm are forcing people to find new employment. A budding service economy, fueled by tourism and the increase of retirement communities, is slowly overtaking the rural economy.1
Solubility of naproxen in supercritical carbon dioxide with and without cosolvents (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility of naproxen in supercritical carbon dioxide with and without cosolventsSimon S. T. Ting, David L. Tomasko, Neil R. Foster, and Stuart J. MacnaughtonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 7, 1471–1481Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00019a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00019a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1225Altmetric-Citations199LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Caveolin-associated Accumulation of Globotriaosylceramide in the Vascular Endothelium of α-Galactosidase A Null Mice (2007)

Cardiovascular complications, including stroke and myocardial infarction, result in premature mortality in patients with Fabry disease, an X-linked deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A). The enzymatic defect results in the deposition of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in the vascular endothelium. To better understand the underlying pathogenesis of Fabry disease, the caveolar lipid content of primary cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells isolated from alpha-Gal A null mice was measured. Lipid mass analysis revealed that the excessive Gb3 in cultured alpha-Gal A-deficient mouse aortic endothelial cells accumulated in endothelial plasma membrane caveolar fractions. The levels of glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide increased in parallel with Gb3 levels in an age-dependent manner, whereas globotetraosylceramide (Gb4) levels reached maximal levels by 6 months of age and then rapidly decreased at older ages. The levels of cholesterol enriched in caveolar membranes declined in parallel with the progressive deposition of Gb3. Depleting Gb3 with recombinant human alpha-Gal A protein or d-threo-ethylenedioxyphenyl-P4, an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase, restored cholesterol in cultured alpha-Gal A-deficient mouse aortic endothelial cell caveolae. By contrast, recombinant human alpha-Gal A was less effective in normalizing the cholesterol content. These results demonstrate the caveolar accumulation of glycosphingolipids in an in vitro model of a lysosomal storage disease and raise the possibility that dynamic changes in the composition of plasma membrane lipid microdomains may mediate the endothelial dysfunction seen in Fabry disease.
ATMINistrating ATM signaling (2008)

The checkpoint kinase ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) transduces genomic stress signals to halt cell cycle progression and promote DNA repair in response to DNA damage. We have recently identified an essential cofactor for ATM, ATMIN (for ATM INteractor). Several observations suggested that ATMIN plays a key role in ATM signalling. ATMIN and ATM protein stability were mutually dependent, which indicated an intimate physical and functional interaction. ATMIN bound ATM using a short carboxy-terminal motif, in a manner analogous to how another ATM cofactor, Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome protein 1 (NBS1), associates with ATM. ATMIN and NBS1 had complementary functions in ATM signalling. ATMIN was required for ATM signalling by chloroquine and hypotonic stress, but not after induction of double-stand breaks by ionizing radiation (IR), whereas NBS1 is required for ATM signalling by IR. This suggested competition of NBS1 and ATMIN for ATM binding in a signal-dependent fashion. Some implications of these findings for the ATM signalling pathway are discussed.
Design of a Fiber Optic Pressure Transducer (1977)

Performance characteristics of a fiber optic pressure transducer are presented and discussed. The transducer consists of a cylindrical metal housing with a specular reflecting aluminum diaphragm at the distal end and a circular array of fiber optic light guide bundles at the proximal end. The center bundle is connected to a light source with the surrounding bundles carrying reflected light to a photodetector. A change in pressure on the diaphragm produces a differential change in light intensity. An analytic procedure guides the selection of an optimal configuration in order to obtain maximum transducer response.
Carbon Nanotube Quantum Dots As Highly Sensitive Terahertz-Cooled Spectrometers. (2012)

Terahertz technology has recently emerged as a highly sought-after and versatile scientific tool in many fields, including medical imaging, security screening, and wireless communication. However, scientific progress has been hindered by the lack of sources and detectors in this frequency range, thereby known as the terahertz gap. Here, we show that carbon nanotube quantum dots coupled to antennas are extremely sensitive, broad-band, terahertz quantum detectors with spectral resolution. Their response is due to photon-assisted single-electron tunneling and it is substantially enhanced by a novel radiation-induced nonequilibrium cooling of the electrons, causing a sharp height increase of the Coulomb oscillation peaks.
Transient magnetic birefringence for determining magnetic nanoparticle diameters in dense, highly light scattering media (2012)

The increasing use of biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles in biomedical applications calls for further development of characterization tools that allow for determining the interactions of the nanoparticles with the biological medium in situ. In cell-incubating conditions, for example, nanoparticles may aggregate and serum proteins adsorb on the particles, altering the nanoparticles' performance and their interaction with cell membranes. In this work we show that the aggregation of spherical magnetite nanoparticles can be detected with high sensitivity in dense, highly light scattering media by making use of magnetically induced birefringence. Moreover, the hydrodynamic particle diameter distribution of anisometric nanoparticle aggregates can be determined directly in these media by monitoring the relaxation time of the magnetically induced birefringence. As a proof of concept, we performed measurements on nanoparticles included in an agarose gel, which scatters light in a similar way as a more complex biological medium but where particle-matrix interactions are weak. Magnetite nanoparticles were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and the hydrodynamic diameter distribution was determined in situ. For the different particle functionalizations and agarose concentrations tested, we could show that gel electrophoresis did not yield a complete separation of monomers and small aggregates, and that the electrophoretic mobility of the aggregates decreased linearly with the hydrodynamic diameter. Furthermore, the rotational particle diffusion was not clearly affected by nanoparticle-gel interactions. The possibility to detect nanoparticle aggregates and their hydrodynamic diameters in complex scattering media like cell tissue makes transient magnetic birefringence an interesting technique for biological applications.
Serial study of the immune response of an individual with exacerbated simple cutaneous leishmaniasis. (1994)

The immunological responses of a patient with exacerbated cutaneous leishmaniasis, measured during the course of the disease, are described. Except for skin lesions the patient was healthy and showed no signs of immunosuppression. Three immunological parameters were measured: specific lymphocyte proliferation (LPA), monocyte effector activity (MEA), and antibody levels. LPA was positive early in the course of the disease, became negative as the lesions enlarged, and was positive again as the lesions healed 28 weeks after initiation of the study. In the MEA test, in which the mononuclear cells of the patient were incubated in the presence of Leishmania major promastigotes in a 3-day assay, the number of amastigotes per 100 monocytes remained constant until week 28 and then decreased significantly. Antibody levels remained elevated until week 28 and then decreased to background levels. The results indicate that the cell-mediated immune response parallels the course of the disease while circulating antibodies show an inverse relationship.
Thermomechanical Properties of Lignin-Based Electrospun Nanofibers and Films Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Dynamic Mechanical and Nanoindentation Study (2013)

We produced defect-free electrospun fibers from aqueous dispersions of lignin, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), which were used as reinforcing nanoparticles. The thermomechanical performance of the lignin-based electrospun fibers and the spin-coated thin films was improved when they were embedded with CNCs. Isochronal dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to assess the viscoelastic properties of the lignin:PVA electrospun fiber mats loaded with CNCs. DMA revealed that α relaxation processes became less prominent with an increased lignin content, an effect that correlated with the loss tangent (tan δ = E″/E') and α peak (Tg) that shifted to higher temperatures. This can be ascribed to the restraint of the segmental motion of PVA in the amorphous regions caused by strong intermolecular interactions. The reinforcing effect and high humidity stability attained by addition of CNCs (5, 10, or 15 wt %) in the multicomponent fiber mats were revealed. Nanoindentation was performed to assess the elastic modulus and hardness of as-prepared and cross-section surfaces of spin-coated lignin:PVA (75:25) films loaded with CNC. The properties of the two surfaces differed, and only the trend in cross-section elastic modulus correlated with DMA results. After addition of 5 wt % CNCs, both the DMA and nanoindentation elastic modulus remained constant, while after addition of 15 wt % CNCs, both increased substantially. An indentation size effect was observed in the nanoindentation hardness, and the results provided insight into the effect of addition of CNCs on the microphysical processes controlling the yield behavior in the composites.