gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction to homozygosity involving p53 in esophageal cancers demonstrated by the polymerase chain reaction. (1991)

Loss of heterozygosity affecting chromosome 17p has been detected at high frequencies in a variety of human tumors, including cancers of the colon, breast, lung, and brain. One presumed target of these losses is p53, a tumor suppressor gene located on 17p. To our knowledge, loss of heterozygosity has not yet been reported at any locus, including p53, in human esophageal cancer. Moreover, current methods of detecting loss of heterozygosity depend on the availability of large amounts of high molecular weight DNA, making the study of small biopsy specimens or paraffin-embedded tissues problematic. We examined 52 primary human esophageal neoplasms for loss of heterozygosity affecting the p53 gene by using the polymerase chain reaction. Loss of one allele was detected in 52% of informative cases and was more common in squamous carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas. Southern blot analysis was used to confirm polymerase chain reaction-derived data. The identification of allelic loss in approximately half of the tumors analyzed supports the hypothesis that inactivation of p53 is involved in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer.
LEXIQUE DE L'ARGENT ET PASSAGE A L'EURO (2001)

Journal Article LEXIQUE DE L'ARGENT ET PASSAGE A L'EURO Get access FABRICE ANTOINE FABRICE ANTOINE Lille Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies Bulletin, Volume 22, Issue 79, SUMMER 2001, Pages 17–19, https://doi.org/10.1093/frebul/22.79.17 Published: 01 July 2001
Transition‐Metal Doped Zinc Oxide Nanowires (2005)

Gut gemischt! Zn1−xCoxO-Nanodrähte wurden mit einem lösungsbasierten Syntheseverfahren erhalten. Gemäß struktureller, optischer und spektroskopischer Charakterisierung ersetzen bei der Cobaltdotierung die Cobaltatome die Zinkkationen im Wirtsgitter (im Bild sind Co-dotierte ZnO-Nanodrähte zu sehen).
Efficacy and Safety of On-Demand Use of 2 Treatments Designed for Different Etiologies of Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder: 3 Randomized Clinical Trials (2017)

T + S and T + B are well tolerated and safe and significantly increase the number of SSEs in different FSIAD subgroups. Tuiten A, van Rooij K, Bloemers J, et al. Efficacy and Safety of On-Demand Use of 2 Treatments Designed for Different Etiologies of Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder: 3 Randomized Clinical Trials. J Sex Med 2018;15:201-216.
Human tribbles homologue 2 is expressed in unstable regions of carotid plaques and regulates macrophage IL-10 <i>in vitro</i> (2008)

Mammalian orthologues of the Drosophila tribbles protein (Trb1, Trb2 and Trb3) are a recently described family of signalling molecules that regulate gene expression by modulation of protein kinase signalling pathways. In the present study, a screen for mRNA species specifically regulated in vulnerable regions of human atherosclerotic plaque demonstrated the up-regulation of both Trb1 and Trb2, the latter by more than 8-fold. In vitro experiments in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages showed that Trb2 expression was up-regulated by treatment with oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein), and that expression of recombinant Trb2 specifically reduced macrophage levels of IL-10 (interleukin-10) mRNA. Our results thus identify Trb2 as a highly regulated gene in vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions, and demonstrate inhibition of macrophage IL-10 biosynthesis as a potential pro-inflammatory consequence of high Trb2 expression, which may contribute to plaque instability.
Entrained flow, ablative fast pyrolysis of biomass. Quarterly report, April-June 1981 (1981)

The nuclear envelope consists of the outer and the inner nuclear membrane, the nuclear lamina and the nuclear pore complexes, which regulate nuclear import and export. The major constituent of the nuclear lamina of Dictyostelium is the lamin NE81. It can form filaments like B-type lamins and it interacts with Sun1, as well as with the LEM/HeH-family protein Src1. Sun1 and Src1 are nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins involved in the centrosome-nucleus connection and nuclear envelope stability at the nucleolar regions, respectively. In conjunction with a KASH-domain protein, Sun1 usually forms a so-called LINC complex. Two proteins with functions reminiscent of KASH-domain proteins at the outer nuclear membrane of Dictyostelium are known; interaptin which serves as an actin connector and the kinesin Kif9 which plays a role in the microtubule-centrosome connector. However, both of these lack the conserved KASH-domain. The link of the centrosome to the nuclear envelope is essential for the insertion of the centrosome into the nuclear envelope and the appropriate spindle formation. Moreover, centrosome insertion is involved in permeabilization of the mitotic nucleus, which ensures access of tubulin dimers and spindle assembly factors. Our recent progress in identifying key molecular players at the nuclear envelope of Dictyostelium promises further insights into the mechanisms of nuclear envelope dynamics.
Consumer “Confusion” of Origin and Brand Similarity Perceptions (1986)

Results of a laboratory study show the similarity in physical appearance of two brands (e.g. a store brand and a national brand) is significantly related to consumer perceptions of a common business origin between them. Other factors, particularly the actual origin of the two brands, also contributed to perceptions of common origin. Legal implications are discussed.
Pattern recognition on a quantum computer (2003)

By means of a simple example, it is demonstrated that the task of finding and identifying certain patterns in an otherwise (macroscopically) unstructured picture (dataset) can be accomplished efficiently by a quantum computer. Employing the powerful tool of the quantum Fourier transform, the proposed quantum algorithm exhibits an exponential speedup in comparison with its classical counterpart.
A machine learning-based test for adult sleep apnoea screening at home using oximetry and airflow (2020)

The most appropriate physiological signals to develop simplified as well as accurate screening tests for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) remain unknown. This study aimed at assessing whether joint analysis of at-home oximetry and airflow recordings by means of machine-learning algorithms leads to a significant diagnostic performance increase compared to single-channel approaches. Consecutive patients showing moderate-to-high clinical suspicion of OSA were involved. The apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) from unsupervised polysomnography was the gold standard. Oximetry and airflow from at-home polysomnography were parameterised by means of 38 time, frequency, and non-linear variables. Complementarity between both signals was exhaustively inspected via automated feature selection. Regression support vector machines were used to estimate the AHI from single-channel and dual-channel approaches. A total of 239 patients successfully completed at-home polysomnography. The optimum joint model reached 0.93 (95%CI 0.90-0.95) intra-class correlation coefficient between estimated and actual AHI. Overall performance of the dual-channel approach (kappa: 0.71; 4-class accuracy: 81.3%) significantly outperformed individual oximetry (kappa: 0.61; 4-class accuracy: 75.0%) and airflow (kappa: 0.42; 4-class accuracy: 61.5%). According to our findings, oximetry alone was able to reach notably high accuracy, particularly to confirm severe cases of the disease. Nevertheless, oximetry and airflow showed high complementarity leading to a remarkable performance increase compared to single-channel approaches. Consequently, their joint analysis via machine learning enables accurate abbreviated screening of OSA at home.
Extensive major histocompatibility complex class I binding promiscuity for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> TB10.4 peptides and immune dominance of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐B*0702 and HLA‐B*0801 alleles in TB10.4 CD8<sup>+</sup> T‐cell responses (2009)

The molecular definition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-presented CD8(+) T-cell epitopes from clinically relevant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) target proteins will aid in the rational design of T-cell-based diagnostics of tuberculosis (TB) and the measurement of TB vaccine-take. We used an epitope discovery system, based on recombinant MHC class I molecules that cover the most frequent Caucasian alleles [human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0101, A*0201, A*0301, A*1101, A*2402, B*0702, B*0801 and B*1501], to identify MHC class I-binding peptides from overlapping 9-mer peptides representing the Mtb protein TB10.4. A total of 33 MHC class I-binding epitopes were identified, spread across the entire amino acid sequence, with some clustering at the N- and C-termini of the protein. Binding of individual peptides or closely related peptide species to different MHC class I alleles was frequently observed. For instance, the common motif of xIMYNYPAMx bound to six of eight alleles. Affinity (50% effective dose) and off-rate (half life) analysis of candidate Mtb peptides will help to define the conditions for CD8(+) T-cell interaction with their nominal MHC class I-peptide ligands. Subsequent construction of tetramers allowed us to confirm the recognition of some of the epitopes by CD8(+) T cells from patients with active pulmonary TB. HLA-B alleles served as the dominant MHC class I restricting molecules for anti-Mtb TB10.4-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses measured in CD8(+) T cells from patients with pulmonary TB.
Functional roles of short sequence motifs in the endocytosis of membrane receptors (2009)

Internalization and trafficking of cell-surface membrane receptors and proteins into subcellular compartments is mediated by specific short-sequence signal motifs, which are usually located within the cytoplasmic domains of these receptor and protein molecules. The signals usually consist of short linear amino acid sequences, which are recognized by adaptor coat proteins along the endocytic and sorting pathways. The complex arrays of signals and recognition proteins ensure the dynamic movement, accurate trafficking, and designated distribution of transmembrane receptors and ligands into intracellular compartments, particularly to the endosomal-lysosomal system. This review summarizes the new information and concepts, integrating them with the current and established views of endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and sorting of membrane receptors and proteins. Particular emphasis has been given to the functional roles of short-sequence signal motifs responsible for the itinerary and destination of membrane receptors and proteins moving into the subcellular compartments. The specific characteristics and functions of short-sequence motifs, including various tyrosine-based, dileucine-type, and other short-sequence signals in the trafficking and sorting of membrane receptors and membrane proteins are presented and discussed.
Novel synthesis of five- and six-membered spiro .gamma.-lactones in rigid bicyclic systems (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel synthesis of five- and six-membered spiro .gamma.-lactones in rigid bicyclic systemsPersephone Canonne, Denis Belanger, and Gilles LemayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 20, 3953–3959Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00141a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00141a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views879Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Annexin A2 mediates endothelial cell activation by antiphospholipid/anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies (2004)

Patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (APLAs) are at increased risk for arterial and venous thrombosis. Many APLAs associated with these events react with beta2 glycoprotein I (beta2GPI), and endothelial cell reactive antibodies that activate endothelial cells in a beta2GPI-dependent manner occur commonly in these patients. We previously reported that beta2GPI binds with high affinity to annexin A2 on the endothelial surface, though the relevance of this interaction to APLA/anti-beta2GPI antibody-induced endothelial activation has not been determined. In this report, we confirm that anti-beta2GPI antibodies activate endothelial cells in the presence of beta2GPI, and demonstrate that anti-annexin A2 antibodies directly cause endothelial cell activation of a similar magnitude and with a similar time course. Moreover, bivalent anti-annexin A2 F(ab')2 fragments also caused endothelial cell activation, whereas monomeric Fab fragments not only did not cause activation, but blocked activation induced by anti-annexin A2 antibodies and F(ab')2 fragments, as well as that caused by anti-beta2GPI antibodies in the presence of beta2GPI. These observations suggest a novel pathway for endothelial activation induced by APLA/anti-beta2GPI antibodies that is initiated by cross-linking or clustering of annexin A2 on the endothelial surface.
What Are You Looking at? (2011)

In this paper we present a novel mechanism to obtain enhanced gaze estimation for subjects looking at a scene or an image. The system makes use of prior knowledge about the scene (e.g. an image on a computer screen), to define a probability map of the scene the subject is gazing at, in order to find the most probable location. The proposed system helps in correcting the fixations which are erroneously estimated by the gaze estimation device by employing a saliency framework to adjust the resulting gaze point vector. The system is tested on three scenarios: using eye tracking data, enhancing a low accuracy webcam based eye tracker, and using a head pose tracker. The correlation between the subjects in the commercial eye tracking data is improved by an average of 13.91%. The correlation on the low accuracy eye gaze tracker is improved by 59.85%, and for the head pose tracker we obtain an improvement of 10.23%. These results show the potential of the system as a way to enhance and self-calibrate different visual gaze estimation systems.
Laboratory and Field Studies on the Efficacy of Selected Chemical Insecticide-Elcar (Baculovirus heliothis) Combinations Against Heliothis Spp.123 (1979)

Permethrin, methomyl, and EPN-methyl parathion were combined with Elcar®(Baculovirus heliothis) in laboratory and field studies. No significant differences were detected between observed and expected mortality of Heliothis zea (Boddie) larvae in the laboratory, although slight increases in mortality were observed in some tests. In a small plot test on cotton, reduced rates (0.125, 0.25, and 0.5X the recommended rate) of permethrin, methomyl, and EPN-methyl parathion were combined with a recommended rate of Elcar. Permethrin-Elcar and methomyl-Elcar plots produced yields equal to those treated with Elcar alone, while EPN-methyl parathion plots had reduced yields.
Thermoreversible gelation of atactic polystyrene solutions (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermoreversible gelation of atactic polystyrene solutionsH. Tan, A. Moet, Anne Hiltner, and Eric BaerCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 1, 28–34Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00235a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00235a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views847Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A solid state delayed auditory feedback system for speech therapy. (1976)

A delayed auditory feedback system has been constructed using solid state integrated circuit components. The construction of the instrument is described and the advantages of such an electronic device over conventional electro-mechanical systems are discussed.
Use of Preclinical Models to Improve Treatment of Retinoblastoma (2005)

After studying retinoblastoma's pattern of inheritance susceptibility in families
<title>Video shot grouping using best-first model merging</title> (2001)

For more efficiently organizing, browsing, and retrieving digital video, it is important to extract video structure information at both scene and shot levels. This paper present an effective approach to video scene segmentation based on probabilistic model merging. In our proposed method, we regard the shots in video sequence as hidden state variable and use probabilistic clustering to get the best clustering performance. The experimental results show that our method produces reasonable clustering results based on the visual content. A project named HomeVideo is introduced to show the application of the proposed method for personal video materials management.
Diagnosis, Genetics, and Management of Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes (2007)

The inherited bone marrow failure syndromes are traditionally considered to be pediatric disorders, but in fact, many of the patients now are diagnosed as adults, and many diagnosed as children now live to reach adulthood. The most common of these rare disorders include Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome and amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, which often develop aplastic anemia and may evolve into myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia; and Diamond-Blackfan anemia, severe congenital neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia absent radii, single cytopenias that rarely if ever become aplastic but have increased risks of leukemia. In addition, the first three syndromes have high risks of solid tumors: head and neck and anogenital squamous cell carcinoma in Fanconi anemia and dyskeratosis congenita, and osteogenic sarcoma in Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Diagnosis of a marrow failure syndrome requires recognition of characteristic physical abnormalities when present, and consideration of these disorders in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with "acquired" aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, or atypically early cancers of the types seen in the syndromes. Ultimate proof will come from identification of pathogenic mutations in genes associated with each syndrome.
Profile of registrars and reasons for specialization : original research (2006)

Introduction 
The shortage of general practitioners is a worldwide phenomenon and occurs in countries such as Canada, the United 
States of America and Saudi Arabia. Increasingly fewer students are interested in general practice as an occupation. 
Choosing a speciality is a complex process and is dependent on a wide range of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, 
including preference at the start of studies, experience during undergraduate training, and environmental factors such 
as cultural and socio-economic background. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of registrars at the 
Faculty of Health Sciences (University of the Free State), as well as their reasons for specialisation. Method 
All departments were contacted and the first author circulated questionnaires and informed consent forms during 
the academic afternoons. Questionnaires and informed consent forms were available in Afrikaans and English. Results 
Of the 150 questionnaires handed out, 109 were used for analysis (122 were received, of which 13 were incomplete). 
Most of the respondents were Afrikaans speaking (81.7%), male (68.8%), with a median age of 31 years (range 26 
to 50 years), and married (67.6%). Only 13.8% of the respondents' fathers were medical doctors, 54.5% of which 
were general practitioners. Few respondents (13.8%) had needed to repeat any of their undergraduate studies, while 
23.9% had received academic prizes. Most (91.7%) had completed family medicine during rotation in undergraduate 
training. The main specialisation areas were internal medicine, obstetrics and gynaecology, and radiology. Many 
respondents (76.9%) had worked in general practice or primary care for a median of two years (range 0.25 to 18 
years). The main reasons for leaving primary care were overwork, wanting to function at a higher level, and that they 
saw no pathologies. Half of the respondents (49.9%) had never considered private practice as an occupation and 
the main reasons given were type of work and patient, no future for general practitioners, legislation, and inconvenient 
hours Conclusion 
This study provides some indicators as to why fewer doctors are willing to work as general practitioners or primary 
healthcare physicians. An excessive workload in the primary healthcare setting was indicated by 31.3% of the 
respondents as the major reason why they chose not to stay.
High-Pulse-Energy Topological Insulator Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-Based Passive Q-Switched Solid-State Laser (2016)

Due to the ultralow saturation properties of the topological insulator (TI), stable and high-power TI-based solid state has become an important issue. In this paper, using a folding V-shaped laser cavity to minimize the residual pump to the broadband saturable absorber, passive Q-switched operations with high power not only at 1.06 μm but at 1.34 μm as well were demonstrated. The 1.06-μm laser of 150 mW and the corresponding repetition rate and a pulse duration of 28.57 kHz and 576 ns, respectively, were performed. The pulse energy of 5.24 μJ and the corresponding peak power of over 9 W were also estimated. Additionally, the laser at 1.3-μm exhibited a passive Q-switched operation with an average power of as high as 326 mW and a pulse duration of 673 ns. A tunable repetition rate of 75.5 to 116.6 kHz, a pulse energy of 2.8 μJ, and the corresponding peak power of 4.2 W were obtained. In addition, the stability of Q-switched pulses was analyzed. The results experimentally extend the promising application of the 2-D material, i.e., exfoliated TI Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , in solid-state lasers.