gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Occupation: Neoliberalism’s Role in Palestinian Apartheid (2019)

The Palestinian-Israeli conﬂict remains one of the most contentious political topics in our world today. Although violence has been spewed from both sides, imbalance is demonstrated in power structures used to maintain occupation by the state of Israel. Using the concept of Neoliberalism, this paper seeks to explain the motives behind state political and economic practices that subdue the Palestinian public and control the narrative of its actions. As attributes of neoliberalism such as privatization, wealth inequality, and security are considered acceptable by society, this paper also examines how injustices that exist under these attributes are ignored or denied, and created a prison-like society in the OPT (Occupied Palestinian Territories). By using neoliberalism as a lens for analysis, we seek to better explain how the elaborate system of the occupation was crafted, normalized and continues to operate with little to no interference.
9-Vinylphenanthrenes. III. α-(9-Phenanthryl)-stilbene (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT9-Vinylphenanthrenes. III. α-(9-Phenanthryl)-stilbeneFelix BergmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 1, 69–72Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01253a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01253a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of a New Potent Inhibitor Targeting KRAS in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (2017)

KRAS (v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) is an oncogenic driver with mutations in 30% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is no effective clinical drug even though it has been identified as an oncogene for 30 years. In this study, we identified a small molecule inhibitor compound 0375-0604 targeting KRAS by using molecular docking based virtual screening approach. Compound 0375-0604 had a good binding affinity to KRAS <i>in vitro</i> and exhibited cytotoxicity in oncogenic KRAS expressing NSCLC cell lines. Further mechanism study showed that compound 0375-0604 can block the formation of the complex of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and KRAS <i>in vitro</i>. In addition, compound 0375-0604 inhibited KRAS downstream signaling pathway RAF/MEK/ERK and RAF/PI3K/AKT. Finally, we also found that this compound can inhibit the cell growth through G2/M cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis on the NSCLC cell lines harboring KRAS mutation. Therefore, compound 0375-0604 may be considered as a potential KRAS inhibitor for treatment of NSCLC carrying KRAS oncogene.
Analysis and control of transient dynamics of EDFA pumped by 1480- and 980-nm lasers (2003)

The transient responses of Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) to fast channel adding/dropping processes have been studied and analyzed. The result shows that the speed in which we can control EDFA with a feedback circuit is limited by the physical processes involved in the amplification. We demonstrated that with the combination of electrical feedforward and feedback, the power excursion caused by fast channel adding/dropping processes can be minimized.
Molecular cloning of cDNA for rat ovarian 20 α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD1) (1994)

20 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20 alpha-HSD, EC 1.1.1.149) catalyses the conversion of progesterone into 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone (20 alpha-OHP). Previously, we purified the enzyme (37 kDa) from rat ovary and determined its N-terminal amino acid sequence. In the present study we succeeded in cloning a full-length 20 alpha-HSD cDNA. mRNA was extracted from immature rat ovaries after successive treatment with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). A cDNA library was constructed in lambda ZAP. For screening, a 576 bp probe was amplified by the PCR using mixed primers based on the N-terminal sequence of 20 alpha-HSD, and labelled with [32P]dCTP. Eight positive clones were isolated from 1.2 x 10(4) recombinants. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that one clone of 1.2 kbp cDNA (pHSD12-07) contained a polyadenylation site and an open reading frame encoding 323 amino acids with the N-terminal sequence of 20 alpha-HSD. The fusion protein of pHSD12-07 produced by Escherichia coli reacted with a specific polyclonal antibody generated against rat ovarian 20 alpha-HSD. In addition, the in vitro transcription-translation product produced by Xenopus oocytes showed 20 alpha-HSD activity and Northern-blotting analysis revealed that the ovaries from normal adult rats contained a 1.2 kb mRNA. Thus we succeeded in isolating a clone encoding the full length of rat ovarian 20 alpha-HSD. The sequence showed high similarity with those of rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSD), bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS), human liver chlordecone reductase (CDR), frog lens rho-crystallin and aldose reductases, indicating that 20 alpha-HSD belongs to the aldo-keto reductase family.
Performance of buried channel<i>n</i>-type MOSFETs in 0.18-μm CMOS image sensor process (2013)

Buried channel (BC) MOSFETs are known to have better noise performance than surface channel (SC) MOSFETs when used as source followers in modern Charge Coupled Devices (CCD). CMOS image sensors find increasing range of applications and compete with CCDs in high performance imaging, however BC transistors are rarely used in CMOS. As a part of the development of charge storage using BC CCDs in CMOS, we designed and manufactured deep depletion BC n-type MOSFETs in 0.18 μm CMOS image sensor process. The transistors are designed in a way similar to the source followers in a typical BC CCD. In this paper we report the results from their characterization and compare with enhancement mode and “zero-threshold” SC devices. In addition to the detailed current-voltage and noise measurements, semiconductor device simulation results are presented to illustrate and understand the different conditions affecting the channel conduction and the noise performance of the BC transistors at low operating voltages. We show that the biasing of the BC transistors has to be carefully adjusted for optimal operation, and that their noise performance at the right operating conditions can be superior to SC devices, despite their lower gain as in-pixel source followers.
On the design of the amoeba configuration manager (1989)

The program Amoeba Make , or Amake , is being designed to fulfil the need of a make -like configuration manager capable of exploiting the potentials of the Amoeba distributed operating system. The major design goal is to create a software configuration manager that is both easy to use and efficient. The specification and maintenance of a large configuration should be easy, and should be automated as much as possible. Furthermore, the build process should exploit Amoeba's capabilities and resources when creating or updating a target. In this paper we show how a smart file server can contribute to Amake's efficiency. We also show how a declarative configuration description allows Amake to take full advantage of parallelism and to determine the commands needed for building and maintaining targets.
Action Potential Generation in Denervated Rat Skeletal Muscle (1971)

Abstract R edfern , P. and S. T hesleff , Action potential generation in denervated rat skeletal muscle. I. Quantitative aspects . Acta physiol. scand. 1971. 81 . 557–564. Action potential generation was studied at various periods up to one week after denervation in individual muscle fibres of the extensor digitorum longus muscles of the adult rat. To allow a comparison of action potential generation at various stages of denervation, it was necessary to establish adequate conditions for spike generation. It was found that when fibres were locally polarized to a level of ‐90 to ‐100 mV, and the external calcium concentrations was increased to 4 mM, the peak rate of rise and the overshoot of the action potential were maximal. Between 30 and 40 hrs following section of the motor nerve, the mean maximal rate of rise of action potentials, recorded under the aforementioned conditions, was reduced by about one third, and remained at about this reduced level during the subsequent days. Two days after denervation the resting membrane potential was reduced from a mean of 82 mV in innervated muscle to a mean of 68 mV, and remained at about this level for the remaining 5 days studied. The electrical time constant and the input resistance of the muscle fibres gradually increased during the 7 days following denervation, the time constant by about 70 % and the input resistance by about 50 %. With anodal polarization in denervated muscle no significant correlation was found between the resting membrane potential and the maximal peak rate of rise of the spike. It was concluded that denervation produces a genuine reduction in the rate of rise of the action potential in muscle fibre.
Risk factors for Haemobartonella felis infection in cats (1990)

A seroepidemiologic survey for Haemobartonella felis infection in cats of Wake County, NC was undertaken. To help assess risk factors, cat owners completed a 10-item questionnaire. Additionally, blood samples were obtained for determination of H felis presence, FeLV infection, and anemia. Prevalence rates for H felis presence were as follows: all cats, 4.9% (6/123); healthy cats, 3.6% (3/83); and ill cats, 7.5% (3/40). The estimated relative risk for haemobartonellosis was also increased in cats with any of the following: anemia, FeLV-positive status, lack of vaccinations, history of catbite abscesses and/or anemia, age less than or equal to 3 years, or outdoor-roaming status. The sex, breed, number of cats in the household, or presence of fleas were not significant factors, although ill male cats had a greater estimated relative risk for haemobartonellosis.
Predicting TV Audience Rating with Social Media (2013)

In Taiwan, there are different types of TV programs, and each program usually has its broadcast length and frequency. We accumulate the broadcasted TV programs ’ word-ofmouth on Facebook and apply the Backpropagation Network to predict the latest program audience rating. TV audience rating is an important indicator regarding the popularity of programs and it is also a factor to influence the revenue of broadcast stations via advertisements. Currently, the present media environments are drastically changing our media consumption patterns. We can watch TV programs on YouTube regardless location and timing. In this paper, we develop a model for predicting TV audience rating. We also present the audience rating trend analysis on demo system which is used to describe the relation between predictive audience rating and Nielsen TV rating. 1
Exciton–Plasmon Coupling: Dynamic Tuning of Plasmon–Exciton Coupling in Arrays of Nanodisk–J‐aggregate Complexes (Adv. Mater. 32/2010) (2010)

Tony Jun Huang and co-workers report on p. 3603 on the formation of exciton–plasmon states and in situ dynamic control of coupling strength in Au nanodisk arrays coated with J-aggregate molecules. By changing the incident angle of incoming light, rather than changing the geometry of the nanoparticles, plasmon–exciton coupling of variable strengths can be observed. The approach enables a simple yet powerful platform for dynamic control of exciton–plasmon coupling.
UNSCARF-a color vision system for the detection of unstructured roads (2002)

The problem of navigating a robot vehicle on unstructured roads that have no lane markings, may have degraded surfaces and edges, and may be partially obscured by strong shadows is addressed. These conditions cause many road following systems to fail. The authors have build a system, UNSCARF, which is based on pattern recognition techniques, for successfully navigating on a variety of unstructured roads. UNSCARF does not need a road location prediction to find the location of the road; therefore, UNSCARF can be used as a bootstrapping system. It uses a clustering technique to group pixels with similar colors and locations. It then matches models of road shape to locate the roads in the image. These methods are more robust in noisy conditions than other road interpretation techniques. UNSCARF has been integrated into a navigation system that has successfully driven a test vehicle in may types of weather conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Discharge planning from hospital to home (2013)

The evidence suggests that a discharge plan tailored to the individual patient probably brings about reductions in hospital length of stay and readmission rates for older people admitted to hospital with a medical condition. The impact of discharge planning on mortality, health outcomes and cost remains uncertain.
Reactor modeling and process analysis for partial oxidation of natural gas (2004)

This thesis analyses a novel process of partial oxidation of natural gas and develops a numerical tool for the partial oxidation reactor modeling. The proposed process generates syngas in an integrated plant of a partial oxidation reactor, a syngas turbine and an air separation unit. This is called the partial oxidation gas turbine plant.
Ion-induced chemical vapor deposition of copper films with nanocellular microstructures (2003)

Ion-induced chemical vapor deposition using a broad ion beam has been used to deposit nanocellular films. These films consist of closely packed 10–20 nm diameter copper rods separated by a carbonaceous residue, and growing in a direction normal to the substrate surface to lengths equal to the film thickness. The effects of ion flux, ion energy, and substrate temperature on rod spacing were investigated. A growth mechanism analogous to that leading to cellular structures during solidification from alloy melts is proposed and qualitatively described. Films with nanocellular structures are expected to have useful, highly anisotropic properties.
Transformation of <scp>D</scp>‐Serine to Highly Functionalized Cyclohexenecarboxylates in Study of Oseltamivir Synthesis (2012)

Abstract In an attempted synthesis of oseltamivir, D ‐serine was used to prepare ( R )‐Garner aldehyde, which reacted with vinylzinc reagent to give an alcohol product predominating in the (1′ R ,4 S )‐isomer. After the alcohol was protected as p ‐methoxybenzyl ether, the N , O ‐acetal was hydrolyzed and oxidized to an aldehyde, which underwent Reformatsky‐type reaction with ethyl α‐(bromomethyl)acrylate by promotion of indium to give an addition product readily for ring‐closure metathesis to afford 3‐alkoxy‐4‐amido‐5‐hydroxy‐1‐cyclohexenecarboxylates. After activation of the 5‐hydroxy group as methanesulfonate, an attempted substitution reaction with sodium azide gave unexpectedly a cyclic carbamate via an intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the 4‐ tert ‐butoxycarbamate group.
Glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase in rat liver. Subcellular distribution and localization in plasma membranes (1972)

1. A simple new assay for glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase is described, in which radioactive glycerylphosphorylcholine is used as substrate and the reaction products are separated by adsorption on an anion-exchange resin. 2. Rat liver subcellular fractions contained both particulate (58%) and soluble (42%) glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase. Both activities released free choline from glycerylphosphorylcholine. 3. The particulate glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase was recovered mainly in the nuclear and microsomal fractions and showed a distribution similar to those of 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I, both of which are constituents of the liver plasma membrane. 4. During purification of plasma membranes glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase, 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I showed largely similar behaviour, indicating that glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase is also localized in liver plasma membranes. Slight differences in the distributions of these three enzymes in density-gradient separations are discussed in relation to the possibility that they are unevenly distributed on different areas of the cell surface. 5. The differences between glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I indicate that these two activities are not functions of a single enzyme. 6. The glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase of liver plasma membranes has a pH optimum of 8.5 and a K(m) for glycerylphosphorylcholine of 0.95mm. It is inhibited by EDTA and fully reactivated by a variety of bivalent cations (and Fe(3+)).
Officials alter criteria to assemble approved list (1993)

Oregon state officials modified the criteria used in developing the Medicaid waiver9s final version, but say it has not been altered radically from its October 1992 version. The list will look very similar, Paige Sipes-Metzler, executive director of the Health Services Commission, State of Oregon, said prior to its release in April. We went through and took out considerations of symptoms (and are now using) avoidance of death and cost.
Neuronal nitric oxide inhibits intestinal smooth muscle growth (2010)

Hyperplasia of smooth muscle contributes to the thickening of the intestinal wall that is characteristic of inflammation, but the mechanisms of growth control are unknown. Nitric oxide (NO) from enteric neurons expressing neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) might normally inhibit intestinal smooth muscle cell (ISMC) growth, and this was tested in vitro. In ISMC from the circular smooth muscle of the adult rat colon, chemical NO donors inhibited [(3)H]thymidine uptake in response to FCS, reducing this to baseline without toxicity. This effect was inhibited by the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ and potentiated by the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor zaprinast. Inhibition was mimicked by 8-bromo (8-Br)-cGMP, and ELISA measurements showed increased levels of cGMP but not cAMP in response to sodium nitroprusside. However, 8-Br-cAMP and cilostamide also showed inhibitory actions, suggesting an additional role for cAMP. Via a coculture model of ISMC and myenteric neurons, immunocytochemistry and image analysis showed that innervation reduced bromodeoxyuridine uptake by ISMC. Specific blockers of nNOS (7-NI, NAAN) significantly increased [(3)H]thymidine uptake in response to a standard stimulus, showing that nNOS activity normally inhibits ISMC growth. In vivo, nNOS axon number was reduced threefold by day 1 of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced rat colitis, preceding the hyperplasia of ISMC described earlier in this model. We conclude that NO can inhibit ISMC growth primarily via a cGMP-dependent mechanism. Functional evidence that NO derived from nNOS causes inhibition of ISMC growth in vitro predicts that the loss of nNOS expression in colitis contributes to ISMC hyperplasia in vivo.
Expression cDNA cloning of a serine kinase transforming gene. (1993)

By ectopic expression of cDNAs derived from a Ewing sarcoma cell line in NIH3T3 cells, we isolated a transforming gene (est). Sequence analysis revealed homology to the cot oncogene, which encodes a novel serine kinase. Whereas the cot product was truncated at its carboxy-terminal end as a result of gene rearrangement during transfection, est encodes the normal cot product. Thus, this gene can be activated as an oncogene by overexpression as well as by gene rearrangement. NIH3T3 cells transfected with est formed progressively growing colonies in soft agar and were tumorigenic in nude mice. The 3.2-kb est transcript was expressed at low level in both human fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Addition of the tumor promoter, okadaic acid (OA), or cytokine, interleukin 1 (IL-1), but not serum or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), induced increased expression of the est transcript. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we localized the est gene to the short arm of human chromosome 10 at band p11.2.
Increase in perceived case suspiciousness due to local contrast optimisation in digital screening mammography (2011)

Variations among different image processing algorithms for digital screening mammography are large. Current algorithms still aim for optimal local contrast with a low dynamic range. Although optimisation of contrast may increase sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy is probably unchanged. Increased local contrast may render both normal and abnormal structures more conspicuous.
Prospects for molecular-scale devices (2003)

The recent state-of-the-art of molecular-scale device systems utilizing self-assembled oligomers as the key fabrication strategy is discussed. A variety of devices have been demonstrated, including switches with inherent mechanisms significantly different from conventional solid state devices.
KCNQ (Kv7) potassium channel activators as bronchodilators: combination with a β<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic agonist enhances relaxation of rat airways (2014)

KCNQ (Kv7 family) potassium (K(+)) channels were recently found in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) from rodent and human bronchioles. In the present study, we evaluated expression of KCNQ channels and their role in constriction/relaxation of rat airways. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed expression of KCNQ4 > KCNQ5 > KCNQ1 > KCNQ2 > KCNQ3, and patch-clamp electrophysiology detected KCNQ currents in rat ASMCs. In precision-cut lung slices, the KCNQ channel activator retigabine induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of small bronchioles preconstricted with methacholine (MeCh; EC50 = 3.6 ± 0.3 μM). Bronchoconstriction was also attenuated in the presence of two other structurally unrelated KCNQ channel activators: zinc pyrithione (ZnPyr; 1 μM; 22 ± 7%) and 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib (10 μM; 24 ± 8%). The same three KCNQ channel activators increased KCNQ currents in ASMCs by two- to threefold. The bronchorelaxant effects of retigabine and ZnPyr were prevented by inclusion of the KCNQ channel blocker XE991. A long-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist, formoterol (10 nM), did not increase KCNQ current amplitude in ASMCs, but formoterol (1-1,000 nM) did induce a time- and concentration-dependent relaxation of rat airways, with a notable desensitization during a 30-min treatment or with repetitive treatments. Coadministration of retigabine (10 μM) with formoterol produced a greater peak and sustained reduction of MeCh-induced bronchoconstriction and reduced the apparent desensitization observed with formoterol alone. Our findings support a role for KCNQ K(+) channels in the regulation of airway diameter. A combination of a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist with a KCNQ channel activator may improve bronchodilator therapy.