gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conserved structure and spatiotemporal function of the compact rhodopsin kinase (GRK1) enhancer/promoter. (2005)

The conserved short enhancer/promoter immediately upstream of the Rk gene contains the key elements required for appropriate response to spatial and temporal cues during photoreceptor cell differentiation and fate determination. The above studies narrow the core sequences that govern gene expression in photoreceptors in vivo.
An opinion mining approach for web user identification and clients' behaviour analysis (2013)

This paper describes functions of a system designed for the behavior analysis of e-commerce clients. It enables user identification and client behavior extraction for interacting with web site customers. General approaches used in the field of Web Usage Mining are presented together with proposals to extend the data base with the information gained from e-commerce site forums and queries. Our system carries out an evaluation and rating of opinions, and our approach is based on linguistic and the statistic treatment of natural language. Three different methods for classifying opinions from clients' forum are used, and two new methods, based on linguistic knowledge to assign a mark dependent upon the client's emotions and opinions described in forum comments, have been introduced.
The Effect of Profound Levels of Hypothermia (Below 14°C) on Canine Cerebral Metabolism (1992)

The goal of this study was to determine the temperature coefficient (Q10) for canine CMRO2 at temperatures below 14 degrees C. Eight dogs were anesthetized with halothane for surgical preparation. The animals were placed on total cardiopulmonary bypass and CBF was measured by direct sagittal sinus outflow. Duplicate measurements were taken at 37, 13, and 7 degrees C. The EEG became isoelectric at a temperature of 12.0 +/- 0.8 degrees C. The Q10 between 13 and 7 degrees C was 2.19 +/- 0.59. With rewarming to 37 degrees C, cerebral metabolic variables returned to control levels. Brain biopsies taken at the end of the study yielded normal values for brain energy stores. We conclude that the Q10 for CMRO2 at temperatures between 7 and 37 degrees C can be profoundly affected by the state of cerebral function as reflected by the EEG. In the absence of EEG activity, an expected Q10 value of 2.2 reflects only the direct effect of temperature on the rates of biologic reactions.
Sulfamide antifolates inhibiting thymidylate synthase: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity. (2002)

Synthesis and biological evaluation are described of seven new analogues (3-9) of two potent thymidylate synthase inhibitors, 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (1) and its 2-methyl-2-deamino congener ICI 198583 (2). While the new compunds 3 and 4 were analogues of 1 and 2, respectively, containing a p-aminobenzenesulfonyl residue in place of the p-aminobenzoic acid residue, the remaining 5 new compounds were analogues of 4 with the L-glutamic acid residue replaced by glycine (5), L-valine (6), L-alanine (7), L-phenylglycine (8) or L-norvaline (9). The new analogues were tested as inhibitors of thymidylate synthases isolated from tumour (Ehrlich carcinoma), parasite (Hymenolepis diminuta) and normal tissue (regenerating rat liver) and found to be weaker inhibitors than the parent 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid. Selected new analogues, tested as inhibitors of growth of mouse leukemia L 5178Y cells, were less potent than the parent 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid. Substitution of the glutamyl residue in compound 4 with L-norvaline (9) resulted in only a 5-fold stronger thymidylate synthase inhibitor, but a 40-fold weaker cell growth inhibitor.
Use of computed tomography in the diseased feline thorax (2003)

Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the thorax is gaining more attention in veterinary medicine as therapeutic possibilities increase. Plain and contrast-enhanced CT images of the thorax of five referred cats with signs of respiratory disease were evaluated using soft tissue (pleural) and lung windows. The common CT pattern in all cats was involvement of the lung lobes, either as a homogeneous or heterogeneous single lobe hyperdensity. It involved the main bronchus, invaded the cranial or caudal mediastinum, and crossed the border to the opposite lung. Right lung atelectasis and mediastinal shift caused left lung overinflation. Bronchial lymph node enlargement was found unilaterally or bilaterally. CT-guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lobar lung lesion was performed in four cats; in three cases it revealed carcinoma and in one inflammation, although the cat with suspected inflammation was subsequently found to have a carcinoma on lung lobectomy. Histopathology confirmed lung metastasis in one case and bronchial adenocarcinoma in four cases. A protocol for systematic examination of thoracic CT images is proposed.
Broadband dispersion and dispersion slope compensation in high bit rate and ultra long haul systems (2002)

This presentation reviews the essentials of dispersion compensating technology for nonzero dispersion shifted fibers. The implications of using the various existing technologies are discussed. Three recent developments in the world of long haul transmission has required one to re-evaluate the nature of dispersion compensation in NZ-DSF based systems. These are: increased bandwidth (> 32 nm), ultra long haul transmission distances (distances in excess of 2000 km) on land and 40 Gbps systems. All of the above, dramatically change the dispersion compensation requirement. We will discuss the different solutions that have been proposed in the literature to achieve the required dispersion compensating characteristics with primary emphasis being on dispersion compensating fiber.
Carbohydrates in Sorghum Culms as Influenced by Cultivars, Spacing, and Maturity over a Diurnal Period<sup>1</sup> (1982)

With increased interest in use of sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] biomass for energy, additional information is needed on the influences of cultivars, maturity, spacing, and diurnal effect on levels of carbohydrates within the plant. ‘Combine Kafir‐60’ (CK‐60) and ‘Rio’ were grown in rows 100 cm apart with plant spacings of both 10 and 40 cm. Plants were harvested at preboot and early anthesis over a diurnal cycle of six different times. Upper and lower culm sections were analyzed for glucose, sucrose and starch. Percentages of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) were somewhat similar in both cultivars at preboot, reaching a maximum level of 18.3%. By anthesis, TNC peaked at 40.2% in Rio compared to 26% for CK‐60, with the most dramatic increase occurring in the sucrose fraction. Closer spaced plants (10 cm) tended to higher in TNC and during anthesis, upper culm sections of CK‐60 and Rio contained 7.0 and 12.8% more TNC, respectively, than those spaced 40 cm apart. Diurnal influences were more evident at the preboot stage with TNC peaking near 1630 in the afternoon and then declining. No significant diurnal trends could be detected for carbohydrates at anthesis. Glucose decreased at anthesis in the upper culm section of the 10 cm plants as much as 24 and 46 mg/g oven dry weight (ODW) while sucrose peaked at 206 and 318 mg/g ODW for CK‐60 and Rio, respectively. Starch increased significantly in all cultivar culm sections at anthesis for the 10 cm spacing and in the lower but was variable in the upper culm section of plants spaced 40 cm apart.
Phase-locked white-light continuum pulses: toward a universal optical frequency-comb synthesizer (2000)

We demonstrate that two white-light continuum pulses that are independently generated by phase-locked ultrashort laser pulses are locked in phase and show surprisingly clear and stable Young interference fringes. The experiment shows that the two generated continua emit essentially in phase and that random phase jitter can remain negligible. This result is not only of interest for studies of nonlinear field-matter interactions but also suggests that such white-light continuum pulses can be used to realize a broad frequency comb for absolute frequency measurements from the IR to the UV.
Polymerization of Styrene with Initiator Ionically Bound to High Surface Area Mica: Grafting via an Unexpected Mechanism (1994)

To obtain polystyrene grafted to mica, a free-radical initiator 2,2'-azobis(isobutyramidine hydrochloride) (AIBA) was attached by ion exchange to the surface of an ultrahigh specific surface area (ca. 100 m<sup>2</sup>/g) muscovite mica powder, and the resulting material was used as an initiator to polymerize styrene. Grafted polymer was indeed obtained, in amounts up to ca. 10 % by weight (ca. 30 % by volume) of polymer based on mica, but it was found that grafting proceeded by an unexpected mechanism. Instead of propagation of free radicals from the surface into the bulk monomer (growth from the surface), grafting took place via attack of growing chains thermally-initiated in the monomer on disproportionation products of AIBA attached to the surface (growth to the surface). The grafted polymer consisted primarily of high molecular weight chains (<i>M</i> ca. 10<sup>6</sup>) bound by their headgroups to a very small fraction (less than 1 per 4000) of the surface ion-exchange sites. Consistent with this mechanism, grafted polymer could also be obtained with ''thermally-deactivated' AIBA-mica at rates comparable to those obtained with ''fresh'' AIBA-mica. Grafting was accelerated when 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) was added to the monomer as an additional initiator.
Formation of Disulfide Bonds in Acid-Induced Gels of Preheated Whey Protein Isolate (2000)

Cold gelation of whey proteins is a two-step process. First, protein aggregates are prepared by a heat treatment of a solution of native proteins in the absence of salt. Second, after cooling of the solution, gelation is induced by lowering the pH at ambient temperature. To demonstrate the additional formation of disulfide bonds during this second step, gelation of whey protein aggregates with and without a thiol-blocking treatment was studied. Modification of reactive thiols on the surface of the aggregates was carried out after the heat-treatment step. To exclude specific effects of the agent itself, different thiol-blocking agents were used. Dynamic light scattering and SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis were used to show that the size of the aggregates was not changed by this modification. The kinetics of gelation as determined by the development of pH and turbidity within the first 8 h of acidification were not affected by blocking thiol groups. During gelation, formation of large, covalently linked, aggregates occurred only in the case of unblocked WPI aggregates, which demonstrates that additional disulfide bonds were formed. Results of permeability and confocal scanning laser microscope measurements did not reveal any differences in the microstructure of networks prepared from treated or untreated whey protein aggregates. However, gel hardness was decreased 10-fold in gels prepared from blocked aggregates. Mixing different amounts of blocked and unblocked aggregates allowed gel hardness to be controlled. It is proposed that the initial microstructure of the gels is primarily determined by the acid-induced noncovalent interactions. The additional covalent disulfide bonds formed during gelation are involved in stabilizing the network and increase gel strength.
Metabolic disposition of leukotriene B<sub>4</sub> (LTB4) and oxidation‐resistant analogues of LTB4 in conscious rabbits (1994)

1. The kinetics of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), after single i.v. injections of doses of 0.1 to 1 micrograms kg-1, were investigated in conscious rabbits and compared with those of the omega- and beta-oxidation resistant bioactive analogues, 20, 20, 20-trifluoro-LTB4 (20-F3-LTB4) and 3-thio-LTB4, respectively. 2. Immunoreactive LTB4 (IR-LTB4) elimination was first-order, as shown by a constant systemic clearance (ClLTB4) and a proportional increase in the area under the curve (AUC) of the plasma concentration versus time curve over the dose-range studied. Our results showed a good correlation between observed steady-state plasma concentrations (Css) of IR-LTB4 after continuous infusion of LTB4 and those predicted by using the mean estimated ClLTB4 of 93 +/- 4 ml min-1 kg-1, further confirming the linearity of IR-LTB4 elimination. 3. The half-life (t1/2) or IR-LTB4 increased from 0.47 +/- 0.02 to 0.63 +/- 0.04 min as a consequence of a change in the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) from 72 +/- 5 to 109 +/- 13 ml kg-1, for the 0.1 and 1 micrograms kg-1 doses injected, respectively. 4. Single i.v. injections of [3H]-LTB4 (4.7 ng kg-1) were administered, and the decay of plasma [3H]-LTB4 following h.p.l.c. purification was used to estimate the kinetic parameters. The kinetic parameters of [3H]-LTB4 were characterized by a mean systemic clearance (Cl) of 96 +/- 11 ml min-1 kg-1, a t1/2 of 0.53 +/- 0.03 min, and an apparent Vd of 85 +/- 9 ml kg-1, similar to the parameters obtained after LTB4 boluses. 5. The disposition of LTB4 analogues, whether resistant to Omega- or to Beta-oxidation in vitro, did not differ significantly from the disposition of the LTB4 molecule. The half-lives of 20-F3-LTB4 and 3-thio-LTB4 in the circulation were 0.52 +/- 0.07 min and 0.70 +/- 0.11 min, respectively.6. In summary, our results showed that LTB4, as well as Omega-oxidation- and Beta-oxidation-resistant analogues were cleared very rapidly from the rabbit circulation and indicate that in situ, metabolism in blood is not a rate-limiting factor for the elimination of LTB4.
Temporal and frequency response of avalanche photodiodes from noise measurements (1980)

This paper describes a method of obtaining the temporal and frequency response of avalanche photodiodes (APD) by performing simple noise measurements. From the measured noise spectrum and by using the Hilbert transformation technique, the complex transfer function of the detector is determined. response can then easily be calculated by means of fast Fourier transforming. The method has been applied on a high speed APD, with a bandwidth of ~2 GHz, and on a relatively slow APD, with a bandwidth of 0.2 GHz, to calculate the pulse response from a short optical pulse. The calculated pulse width for the fast APD was 215 psec, and the corresponding measured width was 210 psec, while for the slow APD the calculated and the measured widths both were 3.1 nsec. Also the shapes of the pulse responses showed excellent agreement. The method depends on the essentially identical frequency response of an APD and associated circuits for noise due to steady-state illumination and for a signal.
When good enzymes go bad: Conversion of topoisomerase II to a cellular toxin by antineoplastic drugs (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWhen good enzymes go bad: Conversion of topoisomerase II to a cellular toxin by antineoplastic drugsAnita Corbett and Niel OsheroffCite this: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 1993, 6, 5, 585–597Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx00035a001https://doi.org/10.1021/tx00035a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views293Altmetric-Citations158LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Hierarchical Video Annotation System (2009)

Semantic search service is generally considered to include text search, audio search, and video search. The annotation of a video is crucial to the success of video search and retrieval. With the precise annotation of video files and their semantic reasoning, more accurate search results according to the users' query intention can be obtained. In this paper, a prototype of such a video annotation system, called Semantic Video Annotation System (SVAS), is presented. SVAS uses a three-level annotation architecture and a semantic video search language called Semantic Query Description Language for Video (SQDL-V). SQDL-V engine based on SVAS is able to return more accurate search results in comparison to the formal video search method.
i-Fork: a flexible AGV system using topological and grid maps (2004)

In this paper we describe the navigation and planning of the i-Fork system, a flexible AGV intended to operate in partially structured warehouses where frequent floor plant layout modifications occur. This is achieved by using a combination of topological and grid maps in such a way that the operator work in layout modification procedures is greatly reduced. The system is currently working in an agricultural company with great success.
High Power Efficiency Buck Converter Design for Standalone Wind Generation System (2015)

In wind generation system, the power converter efficiency is one of the key factors for the performance of the system. In those systems, DC/DC Buck converter is widely used for high power system. Considering the converter’s cost and efficiency, this paper mainly focuses on the design of an improved topology Buck converter adopted for high power standalone wind generation system. The designed converter uses multi-MOSFETs in parallel instead of the IGBTs, in order to increase the conductive current as well as the converter switch frequency. From the experimental tests results, the maximum efficiency of the designed 2 kW Buck converter is up to 96% based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method.
Relationship between intratumoral dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity and gene expression in human colorectal cancer. (1999)

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the rate-limiting enzyme for 5-fluorouracil catabolism. In this study, both the enzymatic activity and mRNA level of DPD were estimated in the tumor tissue and adjacent normal mucosa of 51 patients with colorectal cancer. Although no significant difference in enzymatic activity was observed between tumor tissue and normal mucosa (70.4 and 70.7 pmol/min/mg protein, respectively), the mRNA level in normal mucosa was significantly higher than that in tumor tissue (1.37 and 0.39, respectively; P<0.01). A linear relationship was noted between DPD activity and the DPD mRNA level in cancerous tissue (r(s) = 0.714, P<0.001). Thus, the DPD mRNA level as determined by reverse transcription-PCR can be used to indicate the DPD activity of colorectal cancers.
Very efficient two-input DC-to-DC switching post-regulators (2002)

A study of the two-input post-regulators is carried out in this paper. In these post-regulators, only a part of the total power undergoes a switching conversion process, whereas the remainder of the power comes up to the load directly, with no power conversion process. Due to this fact, very high efficiency is achieved. Moreover, the stress in the semiconductors and the filter size are both much lower than in standard post-regulators. Two-input post-regulators require two-output main converters. However, many converter topologies can be easily adapted to supply two output voltages with no efficiency penalty. Two-input post-regulators can be used in many power converters. Multiple-output DC-to-DC converters and AC-to-DC power factor correctors are two good examples.
Gettering effect of high-dose arsenic implantation and boron diffusion on gate oxide integrity in trench isolated high voltage silicon-on -insulator process (2005)

High-dose arsenic implantation was introduced between the active silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and buried oxide in bonded and etched-back SOI wafers along with surface boron diffusion to improve the gate oxide integrity in a fully trench-isolation high-voltage SOI process. The layout effect on gettering has been investigated and qualitatively interpreted.
Clinical trial design in systemic lupus erythematosus (2006)

Systemic lupus erythematosus investigators are faced with substantial trial design challenges because of the inherently complex nature of this disease. The hope is that lessons learned from prior and ongoing trials will inform future trial design such that the efficacy of new agents can be determined and new therapies will become available for patients with SLE.
Design of Short Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Codes for Next Generation Broadcast Wireless Systems (2016)

Chinese next generation broadcast wireless (NGB-W) systems are aimed to provide high-speed, ubiquitous, and secure broadcast services and tri-play services to massive users. New terrestrial broadcast techniques are needed to support these services in NGB-W systems. In this paper, a new set of quasi-cyclic (QC) low density parity check (LDPC) codes with a moderate code length and a wide operation range are proposed for NGB-W systems. It is shown by simulations that the perfor-mance of the proposed LDPC codes is much better than that of the LDPC codes used in the second generation television broad-cast of digital video broadcasting (DVB-T2/NGH) systems.
The Zond 550 kW Z-40 wind turbine development status and test results (1995)

Zond Systems, Inc. initiated the development of the 500 kW Z-40 wind turbine in March 1993. After an accelerated 21 month development effort, an aileron controlled prototype was fabricated and subjected to an extensive series of tests. This prototype uses a unique partial span aileron system developed by Zond for regulation of power and control of rotor rpm. During development testing, the prototype was thoroughly evaluated. The testing of the Z-40 prototype has included power curve verification, evaluation of aileron performance, assessment of power quality, measurement of structural loads, and assessment of turbine noise emission. Turbine component testing includes blade fatigue, aileron and aileron linkage fatigue, a measurement of blade modal properties, static blade testing, and gearbox fatigue testing. This paper gives an update on the progress of the Z-40 development effort at Zond, a review of important test results, a comparison of measured performance vs predicted values, and the current status of the Z-40 production. Plans for the next generation of Zond wind turbines, incorporating increased rotor diameters and advanced design features, are also presented.
Decoupling of Structural and Electronic Phase Transitions in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>VO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2012)

Using optical, TEM, and ultrafast electron diffraction experiments we find that single crystal VO(2) microbeams gently placed on insulating substrates or metal grids exhibit different behaviors, with structural and metal-insulator transitions occurring at the same temperature for insulating substrates, while for metal substrates a new monoclinic metal phase lies between the insulating monoclinic phase and the metallic rutile phase. The structural and electronic phase transitions in these experiments are strongly first order and we discuss their origins in the context of current understanding of multiorbital splitting, strong correlation effects, and structural distortions that act cooperatively in this system.