gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral Mapping Using Artificial Neural Networks for Voice Conversion (2010)

In this paper, we use artificial neural networks (ANNs) for voice conversion and exploit the mapping abilities of an ANN model to perform mapping of spectral features of a source speaker to that of a target speaker. A comparative study of voice conversion using an ANN model and the state-of-the-art Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is conducted. The results of voice conversion, evaluated using subjective and objective measures, confirm that an ANN-based VC system performs as good as that of a GMM-based VC system, and the quality of the transformed speech is intelligible and possesses the characteristics of a target speaker. In this paper, we also address the issue of dependency of voice conversion techniques on parallel data between the source and the target speakers. While there have been efforts to use nonparallel data and speaker adaptation techniques, it is important to investigate techniques which capture speaker-specific characteristics of a target speaker, and avoid any need for source speaker's data either for training or for adaptation. In this paper, we propose a voice conversion approach using an ANN model to capture speaker-specific characteristics of a target speaker and demonstrate that such a voice conversion approach can perform monolingual as well as cross-lingual voice conversion of an arbitrary source speaker.
GPU computing with orientation maps for extracting local invariant features (2010)

Local invariant features have been widely used as fundamental elements for image matching and object recognition. Although dense sampling of local features is useful in achieving an improved performance in image matching and object recognition, it results in increased computational costs for feature extraction. The purpose of this paper is to develop fast computational techniques for extracting local invariant features through the use of a graphics processing unit (GPU). In particular, we consider an algorithm that uses multiresolutional orientation maps to calculate local descriptors consisting of the histograms of gradient orientations. By using multiresolutional orientation maps and applying Gaussian filters to them, we can obtain voting values for the histograms for all the pixels in a scale space pyramid. We point out that the use of orientation maps has two advantages in GPU computing. First, it improves the efficiency of parallel computing by reducing the number of memory access conflicts in the overlaps among local regions, and secondly it utilizes a fast implementation of Gaussian filters that permits the use of shared memory for the many convolution operations required for orientation maps. We conclude with experimental results that demonstrate the usefulness of multiresolutional orientation maps for fast feature extraction.
On scheduling video streaming data in the HDR system (2005)

In this paper, we propose a scheduling scheme for video streaming services in a high data rate (HDR) downlink. It is applicable to CDMA2000 one-carrier evolution data only (1/spl times/EV-DO) based on HDR technology, and can be adopted in high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) for UMTS. We consider the problem of improving the performance of existing real-time data channel-adaptive scheduling schemes. The modified-largest-weighted-delay-first (M-LWDF) and exponential (EXP) rules were shown to achieve good results in in terms of head-of-line (HOL) packet delays not exceeding given thresholds. To adapt the rules we suggest modifying them by taking into account the impact of the video playout buffer. The objective of our scheduling scheme is to reduce the percentage of video frames which do not meet their playback deadlines and to provide fairness among the users. To take into account the specific nature of video streaming applications, we applied the 2nd-order autoregressive process model for the MPEG video stream. The simulation results suggest that the modified M-LWDF and EXP rules surpass the conventional ones.
A Computational Framework for Influenza Antigenic Cartography (2010)

Influenza viruses have been responsible for large losses of lives around the world and continue to present a great public health challenge. Antigenic characterization based on hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay is one of the routine procedures for influenza vaccine strain selection. However, HI assay is only a crude experiment reflecting the antigenic correlations among testing antigens (viruses) and reference antisera (antibodies). Moreover, antigenic characterization is usually based on more than one HI dataset. The combination of multiple datasets results in an incomplete HI matrix with many unobserved entries. This paper proposes a new computational framework for constructing an influenza antigenic cartography from this incomplete matrix, which we refer to as Matrix Completion-Multidimensional Scaling (MC-MDS). In this approach, we first reconstruct the HI matrices with viruses and antibodies using low-rank matrix completion, and then generate the two-dimensional antigenic cartography using multidimensional scaling. Moreover, for influenza HI tables with herd immunity effect (such as those from Human influenza viruses), we propose a temporal model to reduce the inherent temporal bias of HI tables caused by herd immunity. By applying our method in HI datasets containing H3N2 influenza A viruses isolated from 1968 to 2003, we identified eleven clusters of antigenic variants, representing all major antigenic drift events in these 36 years. Our results showed that both the completed HI matrix and the antigenic cartography obtained via MC-MDS are useful in identifying influenza antigenic variants and thus can be used to facilitate influenza vaccine strain selection. The webserver is available at http://sysbio.cvm.msstate.edu/AntigenMap.
Large Scaling Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Networks with Heterogeneity-Aware Topology and Routing (2006)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing systems such as Gnutella have been widely acknowledged as the fastest-growing Internet applications ever. The P2P model has many potential advantages, including high flexibility and serverless management. However, these systems suffer from the well-known performance mismatch between the randomly constructed overlay network topology and the underlying IP-layer topology. This paper proposes to structure the P2P overlay topology using a heterogeneity-aware multitier topology to better balance the load at peers with heterogeneous capacities and to prevent low-capability nodes from throttling the performance of the system. An analytical model is developed to enable the construction and maintenance of heterogeneity-aware overlay topologies with good node connectivity and better load balance. We also develop an efficient routing scheme, called probabilistic selective routing, that further utilizes heterogeneity-awareness to enhance the routing performance. We evaluate our design through simulations. The results show that our multitier topologies alone can provide eight to 10 times improvement in the messaging cost, two to three orders of magnitude improvement in terms of load balancing, and seven to eight times lower topology construction and maintenance costs when compared to Gnutella's random power-law topology. Moreover, our heterogeneity-aware routing scheme provides further improvements on all evaluation metrics, when used with our heterogeneity-aware overlay topologies.
Survey of Adaptive Image Coding Techniques (1977)

The following is a survey of the technical literature on adaptive coding of imagery. Section 1 briefly discusses the general problem of image data compression. The optimum image data compression system, from a theoretical viewpoint, is presented in Section 1.1. The theoretical and the implementational problems of the optimum system are discussed and the assumptions that are made to overcome these problems are outlined. One important assumption is the stationarity which is not true for most imagery. In adaptive systems the parameters are varied according to changes in signal statistics optimizing the system performance for nonstationary signals. In this article the adaptive systems are divided to four categories. Section 2 is a survey of adaptive transform coding systems. Section 3 discusses adaptive predictive coding systems. Sections 4 and 5 discuss adaptive cluster coding and adaptive entropy technique, respectively.
An adaptive gaze stabilization controller inspired by the vestibulo-ocular reflex (2008)

The vestibulo-ocular reflex stabilizes vision in many vertebrates. It integrates inertial and visual information to drive the eyes in the opposite direction to head movement and thereby stabilizes the image on the retina. Its adaptive nature guarantees stable vision even when the biological system undergoes dynamic changes (due to disease, growth or fatigue etc), a characteristic especially desirable in autonomous robotic systems. Based on novel, biologically plausible neurological models, we have developed a robotic testbed to qualitatively evaluate the performance of these algorithms. We show how the adaptive controller can adapt to a time varying plant and elaborate how this biologically inspired control architecture can be employed in general engineering applications where sensory feedback is very noisy and/or delayed.
Algorithms for Statistical Signal Processing (2002)

1. Introduction. Characterization of Signals. Characterization of Linear Time-Invariant Systems. Sampling of Signals. Linear Filtering Methods Based on the DFT. The Cepstrum. Summary and References. Problems. 2. Algorithms for Convolution and DFT. Modulo Polynomials. Circular Convolution as Polynomial Multiplication mod un- 1. A Continued Fraction of Polynomials. Chinese Remainder Theorem for Polynomials. Algorithms for Short Circular Convolutions. How We Count Multiplications. Cyclotomic Polynomials. Elementary Number Theory. Convolution Length and Dimension. The DFT as a Circular Convolution. Winograd's DFT Algorithm. Number-Theoretic Analogy of DFT. Number-Theoretic Transform. Split-Radix FFT. Autogen Technique. Summary and References. Problems. 3. Linear Prediction and Optimum Linear Filters. Innovations Representation of a Stationary Random Process. Forward and Backward Linear Prediction. Solution of the Normal Equations. Properties of the Linear Prediction-Error Filters. AR Lattice and ARMA Lattice-Ladder Filters. Wiener Filters for Filtering and Prediction. Summary and References. Problems. 4. Least-Squares Methods for System Modeling and Filter Design. System Modeling and Identification. Lease-Squares Filter Design for Prediction and Deconvolution. Solution of Least-Squares Estimation Problems. Summary and References. Problems. 5. Adaptive Filters. Applications of Adaptive Filters. Adaptive Direct-Form FIR Filters. Adaptive Lattice-Ladder Filters. Summary and References. Problems. 6. Recursive Least-Squares Algorithms for Array Signal Processing. QR Decomposition for Least-Squares Estimation. Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization for Least-Squares Estimation. Givens Algorithm for Time-Recursive Least-Squares Estimation. Recursive Least-Squares Estimation Based on the Householder Transformation. Order-Recursive Least-Squares Estimation Algorithms. Summary and References. Problems. 7. QRD-Based Fast Adaptive Filter Algorithms. Background. QRD Lattice. Multichannel Lattice. Fast QR Algorithm. Multichannel Fast QR Algorithm. Summary and References. Problems. 8. Power Spectrum Estimation. Estimation of Spectra from Finite-Duration Observations of Signals. Nonparametric Methods for Power Spectrum Estimation. Parametric Methods for Power Spectrum Estimation. Minimum-Variance Spectral Estimation. Eigenanalysis Algorithms for Spectrum Estimation. Summary and References. Problems. 9. Signal Analysis with Higher-Order Spectra. Use of Higher-Order Spectra in Signal Processing. Definition and Properties of Higher-Order Spectra. Conventional Estimators for Higher-Order Spectra. Parametric Methods for Higher-Order Spectrum Estimation. Cepstra of Higher-Order Spectra. Phase and Magnitude Retrieval from the Bispectrum. Summary and References. Problems. References. Index.
pH-Responsive Quantum Dots via an Albumin Polymer Surface Coating (2010)

Multifunctional peptide-polymer hybrid materials have been applied as efficient and biocompatible quantum-dot coating materials. Significant pH responsiveness (e.g., an influence of the pH on the quantum yields of the peptide-polymer/QDs) was found and is attributed to conformational rearrangements of the peptide backbone.
PEROXIDE-CATALYZED ADDITION OF TRICHLOROSILANE TO 1-OCTENE (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPEROXIDE-CATALYZED ADDITION OF TRICHLOROSILANE TO 1-OCTENEL. H. Sommer, E. W. Pietrusza, and F. C. WhitmoreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 1, 188Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01193a508https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01193a508research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1466Altmetric-Citations165LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of High-Risk Lung Resection Candidates: Pulmonary Haemodynamics versus Exercise Testing (1994)

We compared the value of exercise testing and measurement of pulmonary haemodynamics (PH) in the pre-operative assessment of 5 patients (mean age: 64 years, 3 men) with clinical stage I or II bronchogenic carcinoma and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. They were considered at high risk due to poor pulmonary function tests (PFT); (one or more of the following): (1) radionuclide calculated postlobectomy FEV1 < 30% predicted, (2) diffusion capacity or transfer factor < 60% predicted, combined with a fall in PaO2 on maximal exercise of > 5 mm Hg, (3) a PaCO2 at rest of > 45 mm Hg. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during symptom-limited cycle ergometry and PH were measured in these 5 patients. They were considered eligible for lobectomy if they fulfilled at least one of the two criteria: (1) mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) of < 35 mm Hg and pulmonary vascular resistance of < 190 dyn.s.cm-5 at moderate exercise (40 W), (2) a VO2max of > or = 15 ml/kg/min. Six months postoperatively PFT and VO2max were measured again. PAP40W was 21, 38, 38, 46 and 52 mm Hg, respectively, which would have excluded 4/5 patients from surgery. VO2max was 21.7, 14.9, 13.4, 19.2 and 18.6 ml/kg/min, respectively, which would have excluded 2/5 patients. Expressed in percent predicted, however, VO2max was > or = 69% in all 5 patients, indicating only mild impairment of exercise capacity in the 2 patients with < 15 ml/kg/min VO2max. Therefore all 5 patients were offered surgery and underwent lobectomy. Apart from 1 prolonged air leak no complications occurred, the mean hospital stay was 16 days (13-21).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Inter-Operating Grids Through Delegated MatchMaking (2008)

The grid vision of a single computing utility has yet to materialize: while many grids with thousands of processors each exist, most work in isolation. An important obstacle for the effective and efficient inter-operation of grids is the problem of resource selection. In this paper we propose a solution to this problem that combines the hierarchical and decentralized approaches for interconnecting grids. In our solution, a hierarchy of grid sites is augmented with peer-to-peer connections between sites under the same administrative control. To operate this architecture, we employ the key concept of delegated matchmaking, which temporarily binds resources from remote sites to the local environment. With trace-based simulations we evaluate our solution under various infrastructural and load conditions, and we show that it outperforms other approaches to inter-operating grids. Specifically, we show that delegated matchmaking achieves up to 60% more goodput and completes 26% more jobs than its best alternative.
Enhancing effect of absorption promoters on percutaneous absorption of a model dye (6-carboxyfluorescein) as a poorly abbsorbable drug. III. Histological study after addition of various absorption promoters in rats. (1986)

We have studied the effect of various absorption promoters on the percutaneous absorption dynamics of 6-carboxyfluorescein (CF) which is a poorly absorbable drug. The absorption of CF was determined by fluorescence photographic image since CF emits a strong light yellow fluorescence. The co-administration of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and 2-mercaptoethanol (MER), the pretreatment with calcium thioglycolate and the co-administration of Azone (AZ) and surfactant (HCO-60) were used to promote the absorption of CF. We have also studied the injury of skin tissue by the absorption promoters. The fluorescence photographic image of rat skin, after the co-administration of SDS and MER and after the co-administration of AZ and HCO-60 were similar to the image with the stratum corneum removed from the skin. These absorption promoters did not affect the histological nature of the rat skin tissue and the recovery experiment showed no injurious effect by these absorption promoters to the skin tissue.
Robot trajectory learning through practice (1986)

We present an algorithm that uses trajectory following errors to improve a feedforward command to a robot. This approach to robot learning is based on explicit modeling of the robot; and uses an inverse of the robot model as part of a learning operator which processes the trajectory errors. Results are presented from a successful implementation of this procedure on the MIT Serial Link Direct Drive Arm. The major point of this paper is that more accurate robot models improve trajectory learning performance, and learning algorithms do not reduce the need for good models in robot control.
Characterizing CMN1308, a Novel Strain of <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>, for Potential Biological Control Application (2016)

Fungal diseases of plants continue to contribute to heavy crop losses in spite of the best control efforts of plant pathologists. Breeding for disease-resistant varieties and the application of synthetic chemical fungicides are the most widely accepted approaches in plant disease management. CMN1308 strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was isolated from healthy Chinese chestnut fruit, which has antibiosis and induced resistance to the prevention mechanism of pathogenic bacterium after picking. In order to evaluate the antibiosis mechanism, CMN1308 was fostered with the method of confront culture. The antimicrobial components were also isolated from the culture of CMN1308, and their stability and antimicrobial activity was tested under different treatments such as temperature, pH and UV. The results showed that CMN1308 displays advantages in regard to spatial competition against the major pathogens of chestnut, Rhizopus stolonifer, Fusarium solani, Stachybotrys chartarum, Cryphonectria parasitica, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Penicillium expansum and Aspergillus niger. Among this, CMN1308 had the best antimicrobial activity against P. expansum, with the inhibition zone diameter of 27.1 mm. The antimicrobial material isolated from CMN1308 culture showed a strong inhibition to the growth of P. expansum hyphal and also had a good stability to high temperature, alkali media and UV, but was sensitive to acidic conditions. Furthermore, CMN1308 increased the peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase activity and reduced the MDA content in chestnuts after infecting by pathogenic fungi. Thus, producing antibiotic compounds and inducible resistance are the main factors that may explain the antibacterial mechanism of CMN1308 on chestnut pathogenic. The results of this study might help to optimize the practical use of CMN1308 in the biological control of chestnut rot or other fruit rot infected by pathogenic fungi.
Dielectrophoresis-based particle exchanger for the manipulation and surface functionalization of particles (2008)

We present a microfluidic device where micro- and nanoparticles can be continuously functionalized in flow. This device relies on an element called "particle exchanger", which allows for particles to be taken from one medium and exposed to some reagent while minimizing mixing of the two liquids. In the exchanger, two liquids are brought in contact and particles are pushed from one to the other by the application of a dielectrophoretic force. We determined the maximum flow velocity at which all the particles are exchanged for a range of particle sizes. We also present a simple theory that accounts for the behaviour of the device when the particle size is scaled. Diffusion mixing in the exchanger is also evaluated. Finally, we demonstrate particle functionalization within the microfluidic device by coupling a fluorescent tag to avidin-modified 880 nm particles. The concept presented in this paper has been developed for synthesis of modified particles but is also applicable to on-chip bead-based chemistry or cellular biology.
Filamentous Hemagglutinin of<i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i>Is Required for Efficient Establishment of Tracheal Colonization (1998)

Adherence to ciliated respiratory epithelial cells is considered a critical early step in Bordetella pathogenesis. For Bordetella pertussis, the etiologic agent of whooping cough, several factors have been shown to mediate adherence to cells and cell lines in vitro. These putative adhesins include filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), fimbriae, pertactin, and pertussis toxin. Determining the precise roles of each of these factors in vivo, however, has been difficult, due in part to the lack of natural-host animal models for use with B. pertussis. Using the closely related species Bordetella bronchiseptica, and by constructing both deletion mutation and ectopic expression mutants, we have shown that FHA is both necessary and sufficient for mediating adherence to a rat lung epithelial (L2) cell line. Using a rat model of respiratory infection, we have shown that FHA is absolutely required, but not sufficient, for tracheal colonization in healthy, unanesthetized animals. FHA was not required for initial tracheal colonization in anesthetized animals, however, suggesting that its role in establishment may be dedicated to overcoming the clearance action of the mucociliary escalator.