gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of diagnosis in patients failing peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization (2004)

Selective PBPC mobilization failure was seen in patients with acute leukemia whereas remarkably good mobilization was seen in other malignancies. Increasing the filgrastim dose to 25 micro g per kg per day may allow PBPC collection in patients failing PBPC mobilization.
Characterization and intermethod relationships of materials containing purified human pancreatic and salivary amylase. (1981)

We describe the preparation and characterization of materials containing human pancreatic and salivary alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) and examine their relationship to endogenous amylase in human serum. Amylase was purified from human pancreas and saliva by solvent- and salt-fractionation and column chromatography to specific activities of 63 and 279 kU/g, respectively. Four liquid pools, differing only in activity, were prepared from each source of amylase, each in a matrix containing, per liter: 30 g of human albumin, 50 mmol of sodium chloride, 1 mmol of calcium chloride, and 50 mmol of Tris hydrochloride buffer, pH 7.4. Characterization of the pools showed that the amylase activity in the materials was stable for at least six months at 25 degrees C; among-vial variability of amylase activity was less than or equal to 0.5% (2 CV); and the pools were free from eight possible contaminating enzymes. Plots of salivary vs pancreatic amylase activity measure in our materials with eight commercially available methods showed least-squares slopes ranging from 0.51 to 1.0. The intermethod "commutability" of the materials (i.e., how closely they mimic endogenous serum amylase) was examined in relationship to approximately 100 human sera.
An efficient compression method for Patricia tries (2002)

In many applications, information retrieval is a very important research field. In several key strategies, the trie is famous as a fast access method to be able to retrieve keys in order. Especially, the Patricia trie gives the shallowest trie by eliminating all single descendant nodes, for this reason, the Patricia trie is often used as indices of information retrieval systems. If trie structures are implemented, however, the greater the number of registered keys, the larger storage is required. Jonge et al. (1987) proposed a method to change the normal binary trie into a compact bit stream. This paper shows the method for compressing the Patricia trie into the new bit stream. The theoretical and experimental results show that this method generates 40/spl sim/60 percent shorter than the traditional method. This method thus enables us to provide more compact storage and faster access than the traditional method.
Purification and characterization of a new fructan series from species of Asteraceae (1996)

A new fructan series, in addition to inulin, was identified in tissue extracts of Cichorium intybus L., Helianthus tuberosus L. and Taraxarum officinale Weber. The second fructan series was separated from the inulin series up to degree of polymerization (DP) 18 by ion chromatography. The DP 4 of this new fructan scries was purified and structurally analysed. Hydrolysis and methylation analysis of the DP 4 oligomer shows that this is a fructan series that contains only β-2,1-linked fructose molecules. We conclude that this new fructan series in species of Asteraceae comprises the inulo-n-ose series and probably consists of products of inulin hydrolysis that are formed during inulin mobilization.
Protein Splicing of Inteins Minireview and Hedgehog Autoproteolysis: Structure, Function, and Evolution (1998)

O) of the preceding amino acid, resulting in(exteins)to form themature extein protein. Inteins,once an ester or thioester bond at the N-terminal splice siteconsidered an oddity, are now known to be widely dis- (step 1, acyl rearrangement). This carbonyl is then at-tributed. The excised intein is also a stable protein that tacked by the hydroxyl/thiol group of the Ser/Thr/Cyscanhavehomingendonuclease activity(reviewedinBel- atthebeginningof theCextein(the
Laser direct write for wide-band gap semiconductor device fabrication: doping (2004)

Wide-band gap semiconductor materials promise superior operational voltages, temperatures and frequencies compared to those of silicon. A new and simple process based on laser induced phase transformations is formed as a solution to wide-bandgap material integration issues caused by incompatibilities with conventional dielectric deposition, etching, oxidation, metallization and doping technologies. Laser coupling with wide-bandgap semiconductors selectively converts irradiated regions to conductors, semiconductors or insulators. In this process metallization for drains, sources, interconnects, vias and contacts is intrinsic, without the addition of metals and doping is accomplished using primarily gaseous dopant sources. Laser doping of 4H-SiC is described in this paper.
Internal Nucleophile Assisted Selective Deesterification Studies on Baccatin III. Synthesis of 2-Debenzoyl- and 4-Deacetylbaccatin III Analogs (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInternal Nucleophile Assisted Selective Deesterification Studies on Baccatin III. Synthesis of 2-Debenzoyl- and 4-Deacetylbaccatin III AnalogsApurba Datta, Lalith R. Jayasinghe, and Gunda I. GeorgCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 16, 4689–4690Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00095a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00095a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Environmental Sniffing: Noise Knowledge Estimation for Robust Speech Systems (2007)

Automatic speech recognition systems work reasonably well under clean conditions but become fragile in practical applications involving real-world environments. To date, most approaches dealing with environmental noise in speech systems are based on assumptions concerning the noise, or differences in collecting and training on a specific noise condition, rather than exploring the nature of the noise. As such, speech recognition, speaker ID, or coding systems are typically retrained when new acoustic conditions are to be encountered. In this paper, we propose a new framework entitled Environmental Sniffing to detect, classify, and track acoustic environmental conditions. The first goal of the framework is to seek out detailed information about the environmental characteristics instead of just detecting environmental changes. The second goal is to organize this knowledge in an effective manner to allow smart decisions to direct subsequent speech processing systems. Our current framework uses a number of speech processing modules including a hybrid algorithm with T <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -BIC segmentation, Gaussian mixture model/hidden Markov model (GMM/HMM)-based classification and noise language modeling to achieve effective noise knowledge estimation. We define a new information criterion that incorporates the impact of noise into Environmental Sniffing performance. We use an in-vehicle speech and noise environment as a test platform for our evaluations and investigate the integration of Environmental Sniffing for automatic speech recognition (ASR) in this environment. Noise sniffing experiments show that our proposed hybrid algorithm achieves a classification error rate of 25.51%, outperforming our baseline system by 7.08%. The sniffing framework is compared to a ROVER solution for automatic speech recognition (ASR) using different noise conditioned recognizers in terms of word error rate (WER) and CPU usage. Results show that the model matching scheme using the knowledge extracted from the audio stream by Environmental Sniffing achieves better performance than a ROVER solution both in accuracy and computation. A relative 11.1% WER improvement is achieved with a relative 75% reduction in CPU resources
Chemical Equilibria in the Gaseous System Bromine-Bromine Trifluoride-Bromine Monofluoride<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Equilibria in the Gaseous System Bromine-Bromine Trifluoride-Bromine Monofluoride1Robert K. Steunenberg, Richard C. Vogel, and Jack FischerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 6, 1320–1323Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01563a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01563a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Point defects in Si thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1992)

Depth profiles of vacancylike defects have been determined by positron annihilation spectroscopy in 200-nm-thick Si films grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(100) substrates at growth temperatures Tgrowth=200–560 °C. The line shape of the radiation emitted from implanted positrons annihilating in the near-surface region of a solid gives quantitative, depth-resolved information on defect concentrations in a nondestructive way. In particular, the method is sensitive to vacancylike defects in a concentration range inaccessible to electron microscopy or ion scattering, but important for electrical device characteristics. The sensitivity limit for these defects in the present experiments is estimated as 5×1015 cm−3. Films grown at Tgrowth≥475±20 °C are indistinguishable from virgin wafers. So are samples with Tgrowth=220±20 °C, subjected to a 2 min, TRTA≳500 °C rapid thermal anneal (RTA) after every ≊30 nm of Si growth. If TRTA=450±20 °C, part of the film contains a concentration of vacancylike defects on the order of 1018 cm−3. Our results indicate the importance of the growth parameters, such as temperature and substrate preparation, for the production of high quality films.
Cusp Compression Experiments (1965)

A shock-heated plasma of density 3.5 × 1015 cm−3 and temperature 4 × 104 °K is compressed by a rising cusp field which reaches 34 kG between the coils in 15 μsec. Time resolved measurements of electron density and temperature, plasma radius and hole size (at the ring cusp) are described and compared with the predictions of a simple hydrodynamic model in which the primary loss is by classical diffusion across field lines. The agreement between theory and experiment is within a factor of two and strengthens evidence provided by framing pictures that the plasma is stably confined for times of the order 10 μsec, with peak densities and temperatures of 2 × 1016 cm−3 and 16 ×6 104 °K, respectively.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Fluorinated Mechanistic Probes for Sialidases and Sialyltransferases (2007)

A general, convenient, and efficient enzymatic approach for producing fluorinated mechanistic probes for sialidases and sialyltransferases is described. Other than the reported sialyltransferase inhibitor CMP-3F(axial)Neu5Ac, CMP-3F(equatorial)Sia derivatives (in which Sia is Neu5Ac or Neu5Gc) have been synthesized along with CMP-3F(axial)Neu5Gc and CMP-3F(axial)KDN as novel inhibitors and important mechanistic probes for sialyltransferases. 3-Fluoro-sialosides have been enzymatically synthesized and could be used as potential inhibitors and mechanistic probes for sialidases and as probes for sialic acid-binding proteins.
TDMA cellular network application of an interference cancellation technique (2002)

This paper studies the deployment of a co-channel interference cancellation technique in narrowband TDMA cellular networks. Particularly the case in which the strongest co-channel interferer is canceled in the receiver is investigated by network simulations. The potential gain can either be realized as higher system capacity or lower network outage rate. The receiver algorithm for interference cancellation is presented and its performance is simulated for the use of the capacity simulations. The capacity gain is shown in comparison with the network without interference cancellation.
Cyber-physical Production Systems: Roots, Expectations and R&D Challenges (2014)

One of the most significant directions in the development of computer science and information and communication technologies is represented by Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) which are systems of collaborating computational entities which are in intensive connection with the surrounding physical world and its on-going processes, providing and using, at the same time, data-accessing and data-processing services available on the internet. Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPSs), relying on the newest and foreseeable further developments of computer science, information and communication technologies on the one hand, and of manufacturing science and technology, on the other, may lead to the 4th Industrial Revolution, frequently noted as Industry 4.0. The key-note will underline that there are significant roots generally – and particularly in the CIRP community – which point towards CPPSs. Expectations and the related new R&D challenges will be outlined.
Next Science Wound Gel Technology, a Novel Agent That Inhibits Biofilm Development by Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Wound Pathogens (2014)

Loss of the skin barrier facilitates the colonization of underlying tissues with various bacteria, where they form biofilms that protect them from antibiotics and host responses. Such wounds then become chronically infected. Topical antimicrobials are a major component of chronic wound therapy, yet currently available topical antimicrobials vary in their effectiveness on biofilm-forming pathogens. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Next Science wound gel technology (NxtSc), a novel topical agent designed to kill planktonic bacteria, penetrate biofilms, and kill the bacteria within. In vitro quantitative analysis, using strains isolated from wounds, showed that NxtSc inhibited biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae by inhibiting bacterial growth. The gel formulation NxtSc-G5, when applied to biofilms preformed by these pathogens, reduced the numbers of bacteria present by 7 to 8 log10 CFU/disc or CFU/g. In vivo, NxtSc-G5 prevented biofilm formation for 72 h when applied at the time of wounding and infection and eliminated biofilm infection when applied 24 h after wounding and infection. Storage of NxtSc-G5 at room temperature for 9 months did not diminish its efficacy. These results establish that NxtSc is efficacious in vitro and in vivo in preventing infection and biofilm development by different wound pathogens when applied immediately and in eliminating biofilm infection already established by these pathogens. This novel antimicrobial agent, which is nontoxic and has a usefully long shelf life, shows promise as an effective agent for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections.
Consistent Estimation of Gibbs Energy Using Component Contributions (2013)

Standard Gibbs energies of reactions are increasingly being used in metabolic modeling for applying thermodynamic constraints on reaction rates, metabolite concentrations and kinetic parameters. The increasing scope and diversity of metabolic models has led scientists to look for genome-scale solutions that can estimate the standard Gibbs energy of all the reactions in metabolism. Group contribution methods greatly increase coverage, albeit at the price of decreased precision. We present here a way to combine the estimations of group contribution with the more accurate reactant contributions by decomposing each reaction into two parts and applying one of the methods on each of them. This method gives priority to the reactant contributions over group contributions while guaranteeing that all estimations will be consistent, i.e. will not violate the first law of thermodynamics. We show that there is a significant increase in the accuracy of our estimations compared to standard group contribution. Specifically, our cross-validation results show an 80% reduction in the median absolute residual for reactions that can be derived by reactant contributions only. We provide the full framework and source code for deriving estimates of standard reaction Gibbs energy, as well as confidence intervals, and believe this will facilitate the wide use of thermodynamic data for a better understanding of metabolism.
An approach for exploring code improving transformations (1997)

Although code transformations are routinely applied to improve the performance of programs for both scalar and parallel machines, the properties of code-improving transformations are not well understood. In this article we present a framework that enables the exploration, both analytically and experimentally, of properties of code-improving transformations. The major component of the framework is a specification language, Gospel, for expressing the conditions needed to safely apply a transformation and the actions required to change the code to implement the transformation. The framework includes a technique that facilitates an analytical investigation of code-improving transformations using the Gospel specifications. It also contains a tool, Genesis, that automatically produces a transformer that implements the transformations specified in Gospel. We demonstrate the usefulness of the framework by exploring the enabling and disabling properties of transformations. We first present analytical results on the enabling and disabling properties of a set of code transformations, including both traditional and parallelizing transformations, and then describe experimental results showing the types of transformations and the enabling and disabling interactions actually found in a set of programs.
Effects of drying and comminution type on the quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in a homogenised gasworks soil and the implications for human health risk assessment (2014)

This research investigates the effect of nine physical treatment types comprising a serial combination of three drying (air, freeze and oven) and two comminution (milling and sieving) methods on the quantification of PAH in a soil sample from a former gasworks. Results show that treatment type has a significant effect on PAH concentration (p⩽0.05). Naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene concentrations were significantly higher for air drying and freeze drying treatments than for oven drying. It is suggested that naphthalene and similarly volatile PAH losses were greater for oven drying due to the application of fanned warm air which is thought to cause volatilisation. Analytical precision was significantly improved for milled samples compared with sieved samples. The reason milling results in greater precision is assigned to the improved solvent extraction efficiency when natural grain size is altered due to crushing. The analytical data were compared to residential generic assessment criteria (GAC) used for risk-based land management. It was shown that the naphthalene GAC was lower than all freeze drying and air drying concentrations but was within the oven drying concentration range, illustrating that a false negative could be concluded during risk evaluation is oven dried data were used. Overall, it is recommended that air drying or freeze drying is a better choice than oven drying if the quantification of low molecular weight PAH forms an important objective of sample characterisation for risk-based land management, otherwise freeze drying and milling is recommended.
FGF23-related hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia: diagnosis and new treatment (2020)

FGF23 is a phosphaturic hormone produced by bone. FGF23 reduces serum phosphate by suppressing proximal tubular phosphate reabsorption and intestinal phosphate absorption. After the identification of FGF23, several kinds of hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia such as X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) and tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) have been shown to be caused by excessive actions of FGF23. Circulatory FGF23 is high in patients with these hypophosphatemic diseases while FGF23 is rather low in those with chronic hypophosphatemia from other causes such as vitamin D deficiency. These results indicate that FGF23 measurement is useful for the differential diagnosis of hypophosphatemia. Chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for FGF23 has been approved for clinical use in Japan. The first choice treatment for patients with TIO is complete removal of responsible tumors. However, it is not always possible to find and completely remove responsible tumors. Phosphate and active vitamin D have been used for patients with hypophosphatemic diseases caused by excessive actions of FGF23 including TIO patients with unresectable tumors. However, these medications have limited effects and several adverse events. The inhibition of excessive FGF23 actions has been considered to be a novel therapy for these hypophosphatemic diseases. Human MAB for FGF23, burosumab, has been shown to improve biochemical abnormalities, roentgenological signs of rickets, growth, fracture healing and impaired mineralization in patients with XLH. Burosumab has been approved in several countries including Europe, North America and Japan. Long-term effects of burosumab need to be addressed in future studies.