gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Delta-Toxin Production by Whole-Cell MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry (2012)

The aim of the present study was to detect the Staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin using Whole-Cell (WC) Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS), correlate delta-toxin expression with accessory gene regulator (agr) status, and assess the prevalence of agr deficiency in clinical isolates with and without resistance to methicillin and glycopeptides. The position of the delta-toxin peak in the mass spectrum was identified using purified delta-toxin and isogenic wild type and mutant strains for agr-rnaIII, which encodes delta-toxin. Correlation between delta-toxin production and agr RNAIII expression was assessed by northern blotting. A series of 168 consecutive clinical isolates and 23 unrelated glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus strains (GISA/heterogeneous GISA) were then tested by WC-MALDI-TOF MS. The delta-toxin peak was detected at 3005±5 Thomson, as expected for the naturally formylated delta toxin, or at 3035±5 Thomson for its G10S variant. Multivariate analysis showed that chronicity of S. aureus infection and glycopeptide resistance were significantly associated with delta-toxin deficiency (p = 0.048; CI 95%: 1.01-10.24; p = 0.023; CI 95%: 1.20-12.76, respectively). In conclusion, the S. aureus delta-toxin was identified in the WC-MALDI-TOF MS spectrum generated during routine identification procedures. Consequently, agr status can potentially predict infectious complications and rationalise application of novel virulence factor-based therapies.
<b>Hydroboration. XVI. The Hydroboration of Olefins, Acetylenes and Dienes with Thexylborane</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroboration. XVI. The Hydroboration of Olefins, Acetylenes and Dienes with ThexylboraneGeorge. Zweifel and Herbert C. BrownCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 14, 2066–2072Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00897a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00897a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1042Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Principles and Methods in Supramolecular Chemistry (2000)

Supramolecular chemistry is one of the most actively pursued fields of science. Its implications reach from molecular recognition in synthetic and natural complexes to exciting new applications in chemical technologies, materials, and biological and medical science. Principles and Methods in Supramolecular Chemistry gives a systematic and concise overview of this diverse subject. Particular emphasis is given to the physical principles and methods which are important in the design, characterization, and application of supramolecular systems. Features that make this monograph essential reading for graduates and researchers in this area include:* A comprehensive overview of non-covalent interactions in supramolecular complexes* A guide to characterizing such complexes by physical methods* Selected applications of synthetic supramolecular systems* Question and answer sections* Illustrations from the Author's webpage which compliment the book.
Construction of a chimeric lysin <scp>Ply187N</scp> ‐ <scp>V12C</scp> with extended lytic activity against staphylococci and streptococci (2014)

Developing chimeric lysins with a wide lytic spectrum would be important for treating some infections caused by multiple pathogenic bacteria. In the present work, a novel chimeric lysin (Ply187N-V12C) was constructed by fusing the catalytic domain (Ply187N) of the bacteriophage lysin Ply187 with the cell binding domain (146-314aa, V12C) of the lysin PlyV12. The results showed that the chimeric lysin Ply187N-V12C had not only lytic activity similar to Ply187N against staphylococcal strains but also extended its lytic activity to streptococci and enterococci, such as Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, which Ply187N could not lyse. Our work demonstrated that generating novel chimeric lysins with an extended lytic spectrum was feasible through fusing a catalytic domain with a cell-binding domain from lysins with lytic spectra across multiple genera.
Engineering management and innovation (1980)

Although improved management methods can enhance the performance of some enterprises, they can lower that of research organizations. The prevalent use of cost-effectiveness criteria as a management tool overvalues identifiable short-term accomplishment at the expense of long-term research efforts, which often serve as the antecedents upon which a new, seemingly unrelated technology is later founded. Medical instruments used in the treatment of emphysema, for example, evolved from NASA-sponsored research devoted to the measurement of the composition of the atmospheres of the planets. The best manager is the manager who creates an environment that enables his research engineers to pursue ideas with a minimum of interference. Such an environment consists of broad research objectives, adequate facilities, and proper technical support. Within a framework of prudent spending, the manager's aim is to cultivate innovation.
Efficiency enhancement using adaptive bias control for 60GHz power amplifier (2015)

A single-stage 60GHz class-A bipolar power amplifier (PA) is fabricated in a BiCMOS 55nm technology. In order to enhance the power added efficiency (PAE) behavior of the PA, a bias control loop, based on direct power detection, is implemented in order to dynamically adjust the DC bias current of the PA according to its output power level. A power detector (PD) is connected directly at the output of the amplifier in order to track the envelope variation of its output signal. The employed PD has a dynamic range of more than 30dB, and a maximum power consumption of 0.8mW. Under constant bias conditions, the PA has a power gain of around 7dB, a maximum PAE of 16%, and an output compression point of around 7.5dBm while driving 25.8mA under 1.2V supply voltage. Under adaptive bias control, the mean value of the DC current is reduced down to 20.8mA, while maintaining high power gain, leading to a significant enhancement of the PAE over the linear input dynamic range of the PA. System level simulations show that the applied technique enhances the average PAE and DC power consumption by 18% without significant discrepancies on the EVM, ACPR, and power gain.
한국 중부지역 도시와 산림에 서식하는 매미과 번식울음 특성 차이 연구 (2018)

본 연구는 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 도심지와 산지에 서식하는 매미과 번식울음의 차이를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상지는 한반도 중부지역 서울시 방배동 경남아파트 단지와 원주시 치악산국립공원을 선정했다. 현장실측은 2017년 6월부터 9월까지 4개월간 각 연구대상지에 녹음장치를 설치하여 진행하였다. 각 대상지별 기상요인은 기상청자료를 활용하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 출현종은 두 지역 공통종으로 털매미, 참매미, 애매미, 유지매미, 늦털매미가 관측되었다. 도심지인 서울시에서는 말매미가 관측되었고, 산지인 치악산국립공원에서는 소요산매미가 관측되었다.
둘째, 종별 출현 시기는 털매미는 두 지역 모두 7월초에 등장하였고 서울시보다 치악산 털매미가 더 오랜 시간을 울었다. 또한 털매미가 울음을 그치는 시점에서 참매미, 애매미, 유지매미가 울음을 시작하였다. 해당 매미는 두 지역 모두 비슷한 시기에 출현하였으나 서울시보다 치악산 매미가 늦게 울음을 시작하고 종료하였다. 늦털매미는 두 대상지 모두 9월중 출현하였다. 서울시 말매미는 가장 오랜 기간동안 울었으며, 치악산 소요산매미는 털매미보다 더 일찍 시작하여 비슷한 시기 동안 울었다.
셋째, 종별 일주기 패턴은 도심지와 산지에 서식하는 동일종이라도 다르게 나타났다. 참매미는 서울시에서는 오전에 피크를 형성했으나 치악산에서는 정오에 피크를 이루었다. 또한 도심지에서는 산지와 달리 야간에 참매미와 유지매미가 우는 경우가 있었다.
넷째, 기상요인과 각 매미 간 상호관계를 분석하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 각 매미는 여름 시간대별로 출현종에 차이가 있으므로 출현군을 나누어 분석하였다. 서울시 방배동의 경우, 여름 초기에 우는 털매미는 습도(0.954배/1%)에 의해 울음 가능성이 감소하였다. 여름 중기에는 말매미, 참매미, 애매미, 유지매미를 분석하였다. 말매미는 일사량(7.096배/1MJm2), 기온, 습도에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 다른 모든 매미종이 울 때마다 울음 가능성이 증가하였다. 애매미는 일사량(1.585배/1MJm2)에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 말매미에게 영향을 받아 가능성이 증가하였다. 유지매미는 울음 가능성이 기온(1.385배/1℃)에 의해 증가하고 습도, 일사에 의해 감소하였으며, 말매미가 울 때 가능성이 증가하였다. 참매미는 울음 가능성이 습도와 기온에 의해 상승하고 풍속(0.799배/1ms)에 의해 감소하였고, 말매미와 애매미가 울 때 가능성이 증가하였다. 여름 말기에 운 늦털매미는 습도(0.954배/1%)에 의해 울음 가능성이 감소하였다. 원주시 치악산국립공원의 경우, 대부분의 매미들이 일사량에 높은 영향을 받았다. 여름 초기는 소요산매미와 털매미를 분석하였다. 소요산매미는 울음 가능성이 일사(1.863배/1MJm2)에 의해 증가하고 기온, 습도에 의해 감소하였으며, 털매미가 울 때마다 울음 가능성이 증가하였다. 털매미는 울음 가능성이 일사량(1.712배/1MJm2), 기온, 습도에 의해 증가하였으며, 소요산매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 여름 중기에는 참매미, 애매미, 유지매미를 분석하였다. 참매미는 울음 가능성이 일사량(5.159배/1MJm2), 기온, 습도에 의해 증가하였으며, 애매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 애매미는 일사량(4.515배/1MJm2), 기온에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 참매미와 유지매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 유지매미는 기상요인 중 기온(1.362배/1℃)에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 애매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 여름 말기에 운 늦털매미는 울음 가능성이 일사(7.020배/1MJm2), 기온에 울음 가능성이 증가하고 습도에 감소하였다.
A New Learning Controller For Mechanical Manipulator (1989)

A new learning controller for motion control of mechanical manipulators undergoing periodic tasks is developed. This controller does not require exact knowledge of the manipulator dynamical structure or its parameters, and is computationally efficient. In addition, no actual joint acceleration is needed in the control law, and the full nonlinear dynamics of the manipulator is fully accounted for in the convergence proof. Simulation results of this algorithm applied to a realistic Scara type manipulator [8], which includes friction, pay-load inertia variations, actuator/sensor noise, and unmodeled dynamics is also presented.
Weak connections, time scales, and aggregation of nonlinear systems (1983)

If nonlinear subsystems with continuous equilibria are weakly connected, their local behavior is fast compared with the system-wide behavior caused by the connections. The slow behavior is described by an aggregate model which appears as a slow subsystem in the singular perturbation form of the model. In this way earlier linear aggregation results by Simon et al. in economics and slow coherency results in power systems are extended to nonlinear systems and related to singular perturbations.
<i>O</i>‐glycans as a source of cross‐reactivity in determinations of human serum antibodies to <i>Anisakis simplex</i> antigens (2000)

Native glycoproteins of A. simplex should not be used for diagnostic purposes. O-deglycosylated UA3R seems to be an excellent candidate for use as target antigen in the serodiagnosis of anisakiasis and A. simplex allergy.
Assisting the Development of Secure Mobile Apps with Natural Language Processing (2018)

With the rapid growth of mobile devices and mobile apps, mobile has surpassed desktop and now has the largest worldwide market share [1]. While such growth brings in more opportunities, it also poses new challenges in security. Among the challenges, user privacy protection has drawn tremendous attention in recent years, especially after the Facebook-Cambridge Analytica data scandal in April 2018 [2].
Identification of the Receptor for Antigen and Major Histocompatibility Complex on Human Inducer T Lymphocytes (1983)

Human T cell clones and monoclonal antibodies directed at their surface structures were used to define the receptor for the antigen and major histocompatibility complex on inducer T lymphocytes. The results indicated that the receptor is a single complex consisting of the monomorphic T3 molecule with a molecular weight of 20,000 to 25,000 and a clonotypic disulfide linked heterodimer Ti with a molecular weight of 90,000. Sepharose-bound monoclonal antibodies (anti-Ti4 or anti-T3) to the receptor could activate clonal proliferation and inducer function for B cell immunoglobulin secretion and thus substitute for the appropriate combination of major histocompatibility complex gene product and specific antigen.
Activity of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein fusion peptide in an experimental model of Pseudomonas sepsis (1995)

A chimeric protein consisting of the N-terminal domain of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and the C-terminal domain of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein demonstrated a dose-dependent survival benefit (P = 0.001) and reduced endotoxin levels (P < 0.01) in neutropenic rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. This lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-bactericidal/ permeability-increasing peptide has favorable pharmacokinetics and antiendotoxin properties which may be of value for human sepsis.
Cytoplasmic TRAF4 contributes to the activation of p70s6k signaling pathway in breast cancer (2015)

// Hua-Yan Ren 1 , Jian Wang 1 , Fan Yang 1 , Xiao-Li Zhang 1 , Ai-Lian Wang 1 , Li-Li Sun 1 , Ke-Xin Diao 1 , En-Hua Wang 1 , Xiao-Yi Mi 1 1 Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, P.R. China Correspondence to: Xiao-Yi Mi, e-mail: mixiaoyi2005@163.com Keywords: TRAF4, p70s6k, TRAF2, cell proliferation, breast cancer Received: August 20, 2014      Accepted: December 18, 2014      Published: January 09, 2015 ABSTRACT Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 4 (TRAF4) is an important adaptor protein that plays a significant role in several signaling pathways. By studying the relationship between TRAF4 and 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70s6k) in vivo , we demonstrated that cytoplasmic TRAF4 was correlated with the activation of p70s6k in breast cancer. Moreover, we found that cytoplasmic TRAF4 expression in breast cancer patients was significantly associated with a poor prognosis. To determine the exact mechanism, we analyzed the interaction between TRAF4 and p70s6k and identified the Zinc fingers domain of TRAF4 was responsible for their interaction in MCF7 cells. Furthermore, we found that activation of p70s6k/S6 signaling pathway by TRAF4 requires the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity; TRAF4 acted as a sensitizer. Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2), as a binding partner of TRAF4, could also promoted activation of p70s6k signaling via upregulating cytoplasm expression of TRAF4 and played a critical role in TNFa-induced activation of p70s6k/S6 pathway. Finally, we demonstrated p70s6k/S6 signaling pathway played an important role in the promoting function of TRAF4 on cell proliferation. In summary, our work suggests a new direction for understanding the oncogenic function of TRAF4 in breast cancer.
A perceptual control space for garment simulation (2015)

We present a perceptual control space for simulation of cloth that works with any physical simulator, treating it as a black box. The perceptual control space provides intuitive, art-directable control over the simulation behavior based on a learned mapping from common descriptors for cloth ( e.g. , flowiness, softness) to the parameters of the simulation. To learn the mapping, we perform a series of perceptual experiments in which the simulation parameters are varied and participants assess the values of the common terms of the cloth on a scale. A multi-dimensional sub-space regression is performed on the results to build a perceptual generative model over the simulator parameters. We evaluate the perceptual control space by demonstrating that the generative model does in fact create simulated clothing that is rated by participants as having the expected properties. We also show that this perceptual control space generalizes to garments and motions not in the original experiments.
Structural Analysis of Yoked Chorionic Gonadotropin-Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Ectodomain Complexes by Circular Dichroic Spectroscopy (2003)

Binding of the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone, chorionic gonadotropin (CG), occurs to the heptahelical LH receptor N-terminal ectodomain (ECD), a large portion of which has been modeled as a leucine-rich repeat protein. In this study, we expressed and purified three single chain N-CG-ECD-C complexes, one comprising the full-length ECD, 1-341 (encoded by exons 1-10 and a portion of 11), and two C-terminal ECD deletion fragments, 1-294 (encoded by exons 1-10) and 1-180 (encoded by exons 1-7). The fusion proteins, including yoked CG (N-beta-alpha-C), were characterized by Western blot analysis and circular dichroism (CD). Analysis of the CD spectra obtained on the CG-ECD fusion proteins, and of the difference spectrum of each after subtracting the CG contribution, yielded secondary structures consistent with a repeating beta-strand/alpha-helix fold as predicted in the homology model. A marked decrease in helicity was observed when the C-terminal 47 amino acid residues were removed from the ECD. Removal of an additional 114 residues, i.e. the region encoded by exons 8-10, results in the loss of fewer helical residues. These results suggest that the hinge region of the ECD, predicted to contain only limited secondary structure, interacts with and stabilizes the ligand-occupied N-terminal portion. Furthermore, the results support a repeating fold, consistent with the proposed model for the LHR ECD.
Selective over-expression of mRNA coding for 90 KDa stress-protein in human ovarian cancer. (1990)

The mRNA expression of the KDa stress-protein (SP) was assayed in normal and neoplastic human ovary. It was found that the expression level is low in normal ovary and in benign tumors and increases in the more advanced stages of ovarian cancer. A low level of mRNA coding for the 70 KDa SP--the most prominent among the inducible SPs-was constantly found in all specimens. No relationship was observed between SP 90 mRNA abundance and the receptor status of epidermal growth factor, estrogen and progesterone.
Detectivity enhancement in quantum well infrared photodetectors utilizing a photonic crystal slab resonator (2012)

We characterize the performance of a quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP), which is fabricated as a photonic crystal slab (PCS) resonator. The strongest resonance of the PCS is designed to coincide with the absorption peak frequency at 7.6 µm of the QWIP. To accurately characterize the detector performance, it is illuminated by using single mode mid-infrared lasers. The strong resonant absorption enhancement yields a detectivity increase of up to 20 times. This enhancement is a combined effect of increased responsivity and noise current reduction. With increasing temperature, we observe a red shift of the PCS-QWIP resonance peak of -0.055 cm(-1)/K. We attribute this effect to a refractive index change and present a model based on the revised plane wave method.
The reverse-acceleration model for programming petascale hybrid systems (2009)

Current technology trends favor hybrid architectures, typically with each node in a cluster containing both general-purpose and specialized accelerator processors. The typical model for programming such systems is host-centric: The general-purpose processor orchestrates the computation, offloading performance-critical work to the accelerator, and data are communicated only among general-purpose processors. In this paper, we propose a radically different hybrid-programming approach, which we call the reverse-acceleration model. In this model, the accelerators orchestrate the computation, offloading work that cannot be accelerated to the general-purpose processors. Data is communicated among accelerators, not among general-purpose processors. Our thesis is that the reverse-acceleration model simplifies porting codes to hybrid systems and facilitates performance optimization. We present a case study of a legacy neutron-transport code that we modified to use reverse acceleration and ran across the full 122,400 cores (general-purpose plus accelerator) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory Roadrunner supercomputer. Results indicate a substantial performance improvement over the unaccelerated version of the code.
Adaptive mutations in the signal peptide of the type 1 fimbrial adhesin of uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2008)

Signal peptides (SPs) are critical for protein transport across cellular membranes, have a highly conserved structure, and are cleaved from the mature protein upon translocation. Here, we report that naturally occurring mutations in the SP of the adhesive, tip-associated subunit of type 1 fimbriae (FimH) are positively selected in uropathogenic Escherichia coli. On the one hand, these mutations have a detrimental effect, with reduced FimH transport across the inner membrane, fewer FimH and fimbriae expressed on the bacterial surface, and decreased bacterial adhesion under flow conditions. On the other hand, the fimbriae expressed by the mutants are significantly longer on average, with many fimbriae able to stretch to >20 microm in length. More surprisingly, the SP mutant bacteria display an increased ability to resist detachment from the surface upon a switch from high to low flow. This functional effect of longer fimbriae highlights the importance of the nonadhesive fimbrial rod for adhesive function. Also, whereas bacterial adhesion to bladder epithelial cells was preserved in most mutants, binding to and killing by human neutrophils was decreased, providing an additional reason the SP mutations are relatively common among uropathogenic strains. Thus, this study demonstrates how mutations in an SP, while decreasing transport function and not affecting the final structure of the translocated protein, can lead to functional gains of the extracellular organelles that incorporate the protein and overall adaptive changes in the organism's fitness.
In Vitro Stimulation of Forage Fiber Degradation by Ruminal Microorganisms with <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> Fermentation Extract (1993)

Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (Amaferm) was evaluated for its ability to influence degradation of brome grass and switchgrass fiber fractions by mixed ruminal microorganisms in vitro. Addition of Amaferm at a concentration of 0.067 mg/ml, which is approximately the concentration found in the rumen ecosystem (0.06 mg/ml), increased the degradation of brome grass neutral detergent fiber (NDF) by 28% after fermentation for 12 h (P < 0.01), but had no effect after fermentation for 24 or 48 h. The levels of degradation of both the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions were increased after fermentation for 12 h (P < 0.01). Additions of 0.08 and 8% (vol/vol) Amaferm filtrate (12.5 g/100 ml) stimulated degradation of switchgrass NDF by 12 and 24% (P < 0.01), respectively, after fermentation for 12 h; when 80% filtrate was added, degradation was decreased by 38%. The concentrations of total anaerobes in culture tubes containing 80% filtrate were 5 times greater than the concentrations in the controls; however, the concentrations of cellulolytic organisms were 3.5 times lower than the concentrations in the controls (P < 0.05). These results suggested that the filtrate contained high concentrations of soluble substrate which did not allow the cellulolytic organisms to compete well with other populations. The remaining concentrations of esterified p-coumaric and ferulic acids were lower at 12 h in NDF residues obtained from fermentation mixtures supplemented with Amaferm. Because the total anaerobes were not inhibited in fermentation mixtures containing Amaferm, antibiotics are unlikely to be involved as a mode of action for increasing NDF degradation. The possibility that Amaferm contains enzymes (possibly esterases) that may play a role in stimulating the rate of fiber degradation by mixed ruminal microorganisms by removal of plant cell wall phenolic acid esters is discussed.