gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sustainable employment in India by crowdsourcing enterprise tasks (2013)

This paper explains how crowdsourcing would constitute for a promising and a successful alternate business model in India, especially at the juncture where the advantages of outsourcing is beginning to fade. The success of this alternate business model depends on the solutions for two challenges -- by taking work to people to leverage large educated population in India and making enough work available for the workforce to work and earn. Though solution to the first challenge is implicitly available through increasing penetration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in India, the second challenge requires enough tasks to be available by enabling business organizations to adopt crowdsourcing. Since enterprise tasks are not readily crowdsourcable owing to security, compliance and contractual reasons, this paper proceeds to describe an end to end system which encompasses technical solutions that could help crowdsourcing business tasks, by tactfully overcoming the existing business constraints. For business tasks, we consider Insurance Claim Form Digitization which is one of the most common tasks taken up by outsourcing enterprises.
A phase 2 study of venetoclax plus R-CHOP as first-line treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2020)

The phase 2 CAVALLI (NCT02055820) study assessed efficacy and safety of venetoclax, a selective B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) inhibitor, with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in first-line (1L) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), including patients demonstrating Bcl-2 protein overexpression by immunohistochemistry (Bcl-2 IHC+). Eligible patients were ≥18 years of age and had previously untreated DLBCL, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2, and International Prognostic Index 2 to 5. Venetoclax 800 mg (days 4-10, cycle 1; days 1-10, cycles 2-8) was administered with rituximab (8 cycles) and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (6-8 cycles) in 21-day cycles. Primary end points were safety, tolerability, and research_plete response (CR) at end of treatment (EOT). Secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival. Comparative analyses used covariate-adjusted R-CHOP controls from the GOYA/BO21005 study, an appropriate contemporary benchmark for safety and efficacy. Safety and efficacy analyses included 206 patients. CR rate at EOT was 69% in the overall population and was maintained across Bcl-2 IHC+ subgroups. With a median follow-up of 32.2 months, trends were observed for improved investigator-assessed PFS for venetoclax plus R-CHOP in the overall population (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.87) and Bcl-2 IHC+ subgroups (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.89) vs R-CHOP. Despite a higher incidence of grade 3/4 hematologic adverse events (86%), related mortality was not increased (2%). Chemotherapy dose intensity was similar in CAVALLI vs GOYA. The addition of venetoclax to R-CHOP in 1L DLBCL demonstrates increased, but manageable, myelosuppression and the potential of improved efficacy, particularly in high-risk Bcl-2 IHC+ patient subgroups.
Carboxyl ester lipase activity in milk prevents fat-derived intestinal injury in neonatal mice (1999)

Carboxyl ester lipase (bile salt-stimulated lipase) is a pancreatic enzyme capable of hydrolyzing esters of cholesterol and fat-soluble vitamins. It also efficiently digests triglycerides (TG) into free fatty acids and glycerol and is abundant in the milk of humans and several other species. We used the mouse as a model to test the hypothesis that milk-derived carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) digests milk TG and that without its activity milk lipids and their digestion intermediates can disrupt the intestinal epithelium of neonates. CEL protein and enzymatic activity were shown to be abundant in mouse milk. After 24-h administration of the CEL-specific inhibitor, WAY-121,751-5, the small intestines of treated and control neonates were analyzed histologically for signs of fat malabsorption and injury to their villus epithelium. In vehicle-fed controls, TG were digested and absorbed in the duodenum and jejunum, whereas, in inhibitor-fed littermates, large intracellular neutral lipid droplets accumulated in enterocytes of the ileum, resulting in damage to the villus epithelium. Similar results were observed in neonates nursed by CEL knockout females compared with heterozygous controls. The results suggest that lack of CEL activity causes incomplete digestion of milk fat and lipid accumulation by enterocytes in the ileum of neonatal mice.
Effects of Veratrum nigrum alkaloids on central catecholaminergic neurons of renal hypertensive rats. (2000)

VnA increased the activity of central CA neurons in RHR to exert its hypotensive effect.
[3D-MR myelography in diagnosis of lumbar spinal nerve root compression syndromes. Comparative study with conventional myelography]. (1994)

65 patients with nerve root compression syndrome were examined using a new type of MR-technique, which is comparable to the conventional X-ray myelography. The results of the prospective case study were compared with previous clinical experiences (1). For the examinations a 1.0T whole body MR-system (Siemens Magnetom Impact) was used. A strong T2*-weighted 3D-FISP sequence (TR = 73 ms, TE = 21 ms, alpha = 7 degrees) was applied in sagittal orientation using a circularly polarized oval spine coil. To obtain fat suppression a frequency selective 1-3-3-1 prepulse was applied prior to the imaging sequence. The acquired 3D-data set was evaluated using a Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) program. Our results confirmed earlier experiences which showed that the diagnostic sensitivity of 3D-MR myelography (3D-MRM) is comparable to that of conventional X-ray myelography. In cases of severe spinal canal stenosis and spondylolisthesises, and in cases of postoperative scar tissue with nerve root compressions, the sensitivity of the 3D-MRM is higher as compared to that of conventional X-ray myelography.
A Unified Multi-Faceted Video Summarization System (2017)

This paper addresses automatic summarization and search in visual data comprising of videos, live streams and image collections in a unified manner. In particular, we propose a framework for multi-faceted summarization which extracts key-frames (image summaries), skims (video summaries) and entity summaries (summarization at the level of entities like objects, scenes, humans and faces in the video). The user can either view these as extractive summarization, or query focused summarization. Our approach first pre-processes the video or image collection once, to extract all important visual features, following which we provide an interactive mechanism to the user to summarize the video based on their choice. We investigate several diversity, coverage and representation models for all these problems, and argue the utility of these different mod- els depending on the application. While most of the prior work on submodular summarization approaches has focused on combining several models and learning weighted mixtures, we focus on the explain-ability of different the diversity, coverage and representation models and their scalability. Most importantly, we also show that we can summarize hours of video data in a few seconds, and our system allows the user to generate summaries of various lengths and types interactively on the fly.
Gas-chromatographic analysis for therapeutic concentration of imipramine and disipramine in plasma, with use of a nitrogen detector. (1976)

We describe a method for the simultaneous gas-chromatographic analysis of imipramine and desipramine (the active N-desmethyl metabolite) at therapeutic concentrations in human plasma, with use of a nitrogen detector. Imipramine is measured as the unchanged base and desipramine as its N-tribluoroacetyl derivative. Promazine is the internal standard. The lower limit of sensitivity is 5 mug/liter for each drug, and the within-day coefficients of variation for the determination of imipramine and desipramine, respectively, are 6.0% and 3.3%. We measured concentrations of these drugs both in patients receiving therapeutic doses of imipramine and in those who had ingested an overdose.
Chirality effects at each amino acid position on tripeptide self-assembly into hydrogel biomaterials (2014)

Hydrogels formed by ultrashort peptides are emerging as cost-effective materials for cell culture. However, L-peptides are labile to proteases, while their D-isomers are thought to not support cell growth as well. In contrast, the self-assembly behaviour and biological performance of heterochiral peptides (i.e., made of both d and l amino acids) are largely unknown. In this study, we evaluate the effects of amino acid chirality on tripeptide self-assembly and hydrogelation at physiological pH, and cytocompatibility in fibroblast cell culture. A series of uncapped hydrophobic tripeptides with all combinations of d, l amino acids was prepared, tested for self-assembly under physiological conditions, and analysed by circular dichroism, FT-IR, cryo-TEM, AFM, and Thioflavin T fluorescence imaging. Amino acid chirality has a profound effect on the peptides' supramolecular behaviour. Only selected isomers form hydrogels, and of amyloid structure, as confirmed by rheology and XRD. Importantly, they are able to maintain the viability and proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro. This study identifies two heterochiral gels that perform well in cell culture and will assist in the design of innovative and cost-effective peptide gel biomaterials.
Enhancement of optical properties of bagasse pulp by in-situ filler precipitation (2009)

In-situ precipitation of calcium carbonate in bagasse fibers resulted in a very significant increase in specific scattering coefficient and consequently large improvements in opacity and brightness of the handsheets made from such pulp. At the same level of filler loading, the scattering coefficient of in-situ precipitated pulp was much greater than for directly loaded pulp. In-situ precipitation of calcium carbonate caused a drop in strength properties of bagasse pulp, but such loss could be recovered to a large extent by blending with other pulps. The effect of in-situ precipitation of calcium carbonate on pulp fibers was quite different for bagasse pulp from hardwood pulp. In-situ precipitation of calcium carbonate on hardwood fibers showed neither much improvement in optical properties nor much reduction in strength properties.
Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Purification, and Fluorometric and Kinetic Analysis of the Binding of Substrates, L-Lysine and ATP (1996)

Lysyl-tRNA synthetase [L-lysine:tRNA(Lys)ligase (AMP forming); EC 6.1.1.6] was purified from Bacillus stearothermophilus NCA1503 approximately 1,100-fold to homogeneity in PAGE. The enzyme is a homodimer of M(r) 57,700 x 2. The molar absorption coefficient, epsilon, at 280 nm is 71,600 M-1.cm-1 at pH8.0. Enzyme activity in the tRNA aminoacylation reaction and the ATP-PPi exchange reaction increases up to 50 degrees C at pH 8.0, but is lost completely at 70 degrees C. The pH-optima of the two reactions are 8.3 at 37 degrees C. In the tRNA aminoacylation reaction, the Km values for L-lysine and ATP are 16.4 and 23.2 muM, respectively, and in the ATP-PPi exchange reaction, the Km values for L-lysine and ATP are 23.6 and 65.1 muM, respectively at 37 degrees C, pH 8.0. Interaction of either L-lysine or ATP with the enzyme has been investigated by using as a probe the ligand-induced quenching of protein fluorescence and by equilibrium dialysis. These static analyses, as well as the kinetic analysis of the L-lysine dependent ATP-PPi exchange reaction indicate that the binding mode of L-lysine and ATP to the enzyme is sequential ordered (L-lysine first). The interaction of lysine analogues with the enzyme has also been investigated.
Formation Process of Kaolinite under Hydrothermal Condition. (1999)

Formation process of kaolinite from silica and Al (NO3)3 as starting materials in acid solution at 230°C was investigated by XRD, MAS-NMR, FT-IR and ICP. The process was found to consist of two phases, the formation of intermediate phase material, and the crystallization phase. In the former, the structure of intermediate material was different from that of silica and kaolinite while in the latter, kaolinite was formed after 62h of reaction time. In order to elucidate the mechanism of formation of the intermediate phase material which resulted from hydrothermal treatment of the starting materials at 230°C in acid solution, the laboratory process also includes determination of the amount of dissolved silica and some detailed observations of silica surface after hydrothermal treatment in Al(NO3)3 solution (pH=3) using SEM. Obtained data showed that the amount of dissolved silica in Al(NO3)3 solution was four times higher than that in solution without Al(NO3)3. Change in the surface morphology of silica was found, and this was caused by the precipitation of boehmite onto the silica surface during the hydrothermal process. It can be concluded that the formation of intermediate material was proceeded by the reaction between dissolved or decomposed chemical species resulting from silica gel surface where boehmite was precipitated and induced the structural change.
Promoter Methylation Status of Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene 1 and 17 Beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Gene in Sporadic Breast Cancer Patients (2016)

Epigenetic modifications are involved in breast carcinogenesis. Identifying genes that are epigenetically silenced via methylation could select target patients for diagnostic as well as therapeutic potential. We assessed promoter methylation of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and 17 Beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (17βHSD-1) in normal and cancer breast tissues of forty sporadic breast cancer (BC) cases using restriction enzyme based methylation-specific PCR (REMS-PCR). In cancerous tissues, BRCA1 and 17βHSD-1 were methylated in 42.5% and 97.5%, respectively, while normal tissues had 35% and 95% methylation, respectively. BRCA1 methylation in normal tissues was 12.2-fold more likely to associate with methylation in cancer tissues (p < 0.001). It correlated significantly with increased age at menopause, mitosis, the negative status of Her2, and the molecular subtype "luminal A" (p = 0.048, p = 0.042, p = 0.007, and p = 0.049, resp.). Methylation of BRCA1 and 17βHSD-1 related to luminal A subtype of breast cancer. Since a small proportion of normal breast epithelial cells had BRCA1 methylation, our preliminary findings suggest that methylation of BRCA1 may be involved in breast tumors initiation and progression; therefore, it could be used as a biomarker for the early detection of sporadic breast cancer. Methylation of 17βHSD-1 in normal and cancer tissue could save patients the long term use of adjuvant antiestrogen therapies.
Kernelized Bayesian Matrix Factorization (2014)

We extend kernelized matrix factorization with a full-Bayesian treatment and with an ability to work with multiple side information sources expressed as different kernels. Kernels have been introduced to integrate side information about the rows and columns, which is necessary for making out-of-matrix predictions. We discuss specifically binary output matrices but extensions to realvalued matrices are straightforward. We extend the state of the art in two key aspects: (i) A full-conjugate probabilistic formulation of the kernelized matrix factorization enables an efficient variational approximation, whereas full-Bayesian treatments are not computationally feasible in the earlier approaches. (ii) Multiple side information sources are included, treated as different kernels in multiple kernel learning which additionally reveals which side sources are informative. We then show that the framework can also be used for supervised and semi-supervised multilabel classification and multi-output regression, by considering samples and outputs as the domains where matrix factorization operates. Our method outperforms alternatives in predicting drug-protein interactions on two data sets. On multilabel classification, our algorithm obtains the lowest Hamming losses on 10 out of 14 data sets compared to five state-of-the-art multilabel classification algorithms. We finally show that the proposed approach outperforms alternatives in multi-output regression experiments on a yeast cell cycle data set.
Condenser biofouling control (1980)

A compilation of most of the papers presented at the March 1979 symposium in Atlanta, GA on condensor biofouling control is presented. The following aspects of power plant condenser biofouling are discussed: effects on power plant equipment and operations; cost impact; biofilm formation; corrosive effects; control practices using chlorine or bromine chlorides, and the dechlorination of discharges of chlorinated coolants. (LCL)
Vibrotactile Pattern Recognition on the Arm and Back (2008)

A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness with which a tactile display mounted on either the forearm or the back can be used to communicate simple instructions and commands. In the first two sets of experiments, participants identified a vibrotactile pattern using a visual template that represented the pattern of activation. For the patterns displayed on the forearm, accuracy depended on the specific set of patterns presented and ranged from 30% to 96% correct for the individual patterns. In a second series of experiments, seven hand-and-arm signals that are used to communicate in military contexts were converted into tactile representations that were displayed on the back. These were identified accurately (98% correct) and, when only the picture of the hand signal was available, participants achieved a recognition rate of 75% correct. A further study with these seven patterns indicated that participants were still able to identify the patterns accurately (92% correct) when they were engaged in a concurrent physical or cognitive task. The results indicate the importance of evaluating tactile communication in the context of the specific patterns or messages that will be conveyed, and that with the judicious selection of tactile patterns both the arm and back provide a functional substrate for tactile communication.
Stretchable and reflective displays: materials, technologies and strategies (2019)

Displays play a significant role in delivering information and providing visual data across all media platforms. Among displays, the prominence of reflective displays is increasing, in the form of E-paper, which has features distinct from emissive displays. These unique features include high visibility under daylight conditions, reduced eye strain and low power consumption, which make them highly effective for outdoor use. Furthermore, such characteristics enable reflective displays to achieve high synergy in combination with wearable devices, which are frequently used for outdoor activities. However, as wearable devices must stretch to conform to the dynamic surfaces of the human body, the issue of how to fabricate stretchable reflective displays should be tackled prior to merging them with wearable devices. In this paper, we discuss stretchable and reflective displays. In particular, we focus on reflective displays that can be divided into two types, passive and active, according to their responses to stretching. Passive displays, which consist of dyes or pigments, exhibit consistent colors under stretching, while active displays, which are based on mechanochromic materials, change their color under the same conditions. We will provide a comprehensive overview of the materials and technologies for each display type, and present strategies for stretchable and reflective displays.
Diffusion of crown ethers in alcohols (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusion of crown ethers in alcoholsHang Chang Chen and Shaw Horng ChenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 21, 5118–5121Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150665a063https://doi.org/10.1021/j150665a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views761Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Justice (1978)

In Austria the ordinary judicial authorities were: (i) The Supreme Court of Justice and Court of Cassation (Oberste Gerichts-und Kassationshof) in Vienna: (ii) The higher provincial courts (Oberlandesgerichte). (iii) The provincial and district courts (Landes-und Kreisgerichte) and, in connection with these, the jury courts (Geschworenengerichte). (iv) The county courts (Bezirksgeriehte). Of these, the third and fourth groups were courts of first instance; the second group consisted of courts of second instance. Courts of first instance acted as courts of inquiry and had summary jurisdiction. Courts of second instance were courts of appeal from the lower courts, and had the supervision of the criminal courts in their jurisdiction. The jury courts tried certain cases where severe penalties were involved, political offences, and press offences. The county courts exercised criminal jurisdiction in the counties and co-operated in preliminary proceedings regarding crime.
Study and Implementation of "Droop Control" Methods for Interfacing Voltage Source Inverters to Minigrid (2008)

This contribution presents control methods for the regulation of the voltage and the frequency on AC minigrids, fed by voltage source inverters (VSI). In order to avoid a complex communication network for the synchronization of the various VSI on a minigrid, a conventional method called “Droop Control” consists in the emulation of rotating alternators for each VSI. Then the VSIs generate AC voltages with an active power dependent frequency, and a reactive power dependent voltage. Such a method is presented and simulated on a given minigrid. A second less-conventional method is introduced, where the characteristics on the minigrid line impedances are taken into account. Thus is obtained the projection of the active and the reactive power in a new referential depending on the line characteristics. By maintaining a “Droop Voltage” control on the new parameters, it is shown that the global stability is increased.