gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online thermal estimation, control, and self-excitation of buildings (2013)

This paper investigates a method to improve building control performance via online identification and excitation (active learning process) that does not disrupt normal operations. In previous studies we have demonstrated scalable methods to acquire multi-zone thermal models of passive buildings using a gray-box approach that leverages building topology and measurement data. Here we extend the method to multi-zone actively controlled buildings and examine how to improve the thermal model estimation by using the controller to excite unknown portions of the building dynamics. Comparing against a baseline thermostat controller, we demonstrate the utility of both the initially acquired and improved models with a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework, which includes weather uncertainty and time-varying temperature set-points. By coupling building topology, estimation, and control routines into a single online framework, we have demonstrated the potential for low-cost scalable methods to actively learn and control buildings for optimal occupant comfort and minimum energy usage, all while using the existing building's HVAC sensors and hardware.
Nickel chloride inhibits metabolic coronary vasodilatation in isolated rat hearts (1986)

Nickel is a potent coronary vasoconstrictor and it is released from ischemic myocardium. To determine whether or not nickel ions cause coronary vasoconstriction when local vasodilator mechanisms are stimulated the authors studied the inter-relation between exogenous nickel chloride (NiCl/sub 2/) and metabolic coronary vasodilatation in isolated rat hearts perfused by a modified Langendorff technique. NiCl/sub 2/ induced dose-dependent (10/sup -7/-10/sup -5/M) increases in coronary vascular resistance in spontaneously beating hearts. Pacing of the hearts (380/min) and infusing adenosine (10/sup -6/M) evoked comparable increases in coronary flow but did not affect the coronary vasoconstriction caused by NiCl/sub 2/. At concentrations (> 10/sup -7/M) which evoked vasoconstriction, NiCl/sub 2/ significantly reduced vasodilator responses evoked by pacing, transient coronary occlusion and adenosine. Lower concentrations, which did not cause vasoconstriction, had no effect on these vasodilator responses. Thus, at relative low concentrations NiCl/sub 2/ inhibits metabolic dilatation of the coronary vessels which may contribute to the increased vascular resistance caused by the trace metal under ischemic/hypoxic conditions.
A Randomized Trial Comparing Surgical Adrenalectomy with Aminoglutethimide plus Hydrocortisone in Women with Advanced Breast Cancer (1981)

We randomized 96 postmenopausal women with metastatic breast carcinoma to receive surgical adrenalectomy or medical therapy with an adrenal inhibitor, aminoglutethimide (AG), plus replacement hydrocortisone. Before randomization, women were stratified according to disease-free interval, site of dominant disease, and estrogen-receptor status. Of 40 evaluable women treated with AG and hydrocortisone, 53 per cent had objective responses, as compared with 45 per cent of 29 women undergoing surgical adrenalectomy (P value not significant). Responses lasted a mean of 17.2 months in the medical group and greater than 17.1 months in the surgical group (not significant). Estrogen levels fell similarly in response to either treatment, whereas AG and hydrocortisone preserved androgen production. A null hypothesis tested the single question asked by this study: "Is surgical adrenalectomy superior to treatment with AG and hydrocortisone?" Rejection at significance levels of P = 0.01 and P = 0.07 for differences of 20 per cent and 10 per cent, respectively, suggested that medical therapy with AG and hydrocortisone may be logically chosen in place of surgical adrenalectomy.
Efficacy of a Modified Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection of <i>Ehrlichia Canis</i> infection (2000)

Detection of Ehrlichia canis in acutely infected and convalescent dogs is important for effective treatment and control. However, accurate detection has been difficult to achieve, in part because dogs that have been treated therapeutically often remain seropositive for extended periods. A new method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using biotinylated E. canis-specific primers (PCR-BP), was developed for detection of E. canis. Four dogs experimentally infected with E. canis by intravenous inoculation of whole blood from carrier dogs and 2 naturally infected convalescent carriers were used to compare the specificity and sensitivity of the new method with that of microscopy/blood smear evaluation, serologic test, and conventional PCR assay using E. canis-specific primers. In experimentally infected animals, infection was detected as early as 7 days post-exposure using PCR-BP. Although the 2 naturally infected dogs were positive by serologic test and PCR-BP, both were negative by conventional PCR. Results suggest that the new method is a sensitive assay for detection of E. canis infection. In addition, results were obtained more rapidly than with other PCR-based assays.
The Paths of Ions in the Cyclotron II. Paths in the Combined Electric and Magnetic Fields (1938)

It has been pointed out in a recent paper that a variation of the magnetic field of a cyclotron with polar angle can produce a focusing effect on the beam, while preserving resonance and stability. In that paper the effects of the magnetic field alone were considered. It is shown below that the effects of variation with polar angle of the accelerating electric field and of the magnetic field can be considered as almost independent; the second order cross terms between them are without practical effect. Thus the results contained in the above paper (1) may simply be superposed on those obtained by other workers.
Fournier's gangrene complicating ulcerative pancolitis (2009)

Fournier gangrene is a very rare and a rapidly progressing, polymicrobial necrotizing faciitis or myonecrosis of the perineal, perianal and genital regions, with a high mortality rate. Infection is associated with superficial traum, urological and colorectal diseases and operations. The most commonly found bacteria are Escherichia coli followed by Bacteroides and streptococcal species. Diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, and immunosuppression are perpetuating co-factors. Fournier's gangrene complicating inflammatory bowel disease has been reported in three patients so far, two with Crohn's disease. A 78-year-old man diagnosed with ulcerative pancolitis was referred for fever, and painful perianal and scrotal swelling after perianal surgery for a horseshoe-type perianal abscess. Since bowel disease diagnosis, patient was on mesalazine and achieved long-term remission. Perianal abscess occurred suddenly one week before perianal surgery without any evidence of pre-existing fistula or other abnormalities. Physical examination showed extensive edema and crepitus of perineum and genitalia and patient had symptoms of significant toxicity. The diagnosis of Fournier's gangrene was made and patient underwent emergency surgery with extensive surgical debridement of the scrotal and perianal area and Hartman procedure with a diverting colostomy. In addition, patient started on therapy with mesalazine 3gr, methylprednisolone 16 mg, parenteral nutrition and broad spectrum of antibiotics. Two days after the first operation the patient needed a second operation for perianal debridement. On the fourth day, blood cultures showed E. coli. Patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged after 34 days of hospitalization. On follow up, disease review is scheduled and colostomy closure is planned.
Functional characterization of ACDP2 (ancient conserved domain protein), a divalent metal transporter (2005)

We have begun to identify and characterize genes that are differentially expressed with low magnesium. One of these sequences conformed to the ancient conserved domain protein, ACDP2. Real-time RT-PCR of mRNA isolated from distal epithelial cells cultured in low-magnesium media relative to normal media and in kidney cortex of mice maintained on low-magnesium diets compared with those animals consuming normal diets confirmed that the ACDP2 transcript is responsive to magnesium. Mouse ACDP2 was cloned from mouse distal convoluted tubule cells, expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and studied with two-electrode voltage-clamp studies. When expressed in oocytes, ACDP2 mediates saturable Mg2+ uptake with a Michaelis constant of 0.56 +/- 0.05 mM. Transport of Mg2+ by ACDP2 is rheogenic, is voltage-dependent, and is not coupled to Na+ or Cl- ions. Expressed ACDP2 transports a range of divalent cations: Mg2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, and Fe2+; accordingly, it is a divalent cation transporter with wide substrate selectivity. The cations Ca2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ did not induce currents, and only Zn2+ effectively inhibited transport. The ACDP2 transcript is abundantly present in kidney, brain, and heart with lower amounts in liver, small intestine, and colon. Moreover, ACDP2 mRNA is upregulated with magnesium deficiency, particularly in the distal convoluted tubule cells, kidney, heart, and brain. These studies suggest that ACDP2 may provide a regulated transporter for Mg2+ and other divalent cations in epithelial cells.
Improved iterative image reconstruction with automatic noise artifact suppression (1992)

A method for stabilizing iterative image reconstruction techniques has been developed for improving the image quality of position emission tomography. A damping matrix is introduced, which suppresses noisy correction on a pixel-by-pixel basis, depending on the statistical precision of the iterative correction. The precision is evaluated by comparing a certain number of correction submatrices, each of which is formed from a subset of the projection data. Simulation studies showed that statistical noise is effectively suppressed, while the image of the source object is reconstructed with high resolution, as long as the signal level is higher than the local noise level. In the application to the MLE (maximum likelihood estimator), the minimum RMS error of the image was reduced to 84% for 500 k total counts, and the RMS error increased more slowly with further iterations as compared with the simple MLE. The method was also applied to the FIR (filtered iterative reconstruction) algorithm, and the images were found to be better than those obtained by the convolution backprojection method.
Integrating multimedia applications in hard real-time systems (2002)

This paper focuses on the problem of providing efficient run-time support to multimedia applications in a real-time system, where two types of tasks can coexist simultaneously: multimedia soft real-time tasks and hard real-time tasks. Hard tasks are guaranteed based on worst case execution times and minimum interarrival times, whereas multimedia and soft tasks are served based on mean parameters. The paper describes a server-based mechanism for scheduling soft and multimedia tasks without jeopardizing the a priori guarantee of hard real-time activities. The performance of the proposed method is compared with that of similar service mechanisms through extensive simulation experiments and several multimedia applications have been implemented on the HARTIK kernel.
Hepatitis C virus: Detection of intracellular virus particles by electron microscop (1996)

We previously demonstrated that a human T-cell line, HPBMa10-2 derived from HPBALL, was capable of supporting a productive infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV). We subsequently found Daudi cells, a human B-cell line, to be susceptible to HCV infection. Employing these cell lines infected with HCV as well as liver obtained during the acute phase of hepatitis C from a chimpanzee, we observed intracellular HCV particles by electron microscopy (EM). We detected viruslike particles with a diameter of approximately 50 nm in the cytoplasmic vesicles. In Daudi cells harvested 15 days after virus inoculation, the appearance of cytoplasmic tubular structures which we originally described for chimpanzee hepatocytes in association with HCV infection was noted. Immunoperoxidase EM using antibodies against HCV core and envelope demonstrated that the particles contained the viral antigens.
Structure and dynamics of epoxy polymers (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and dynamics of epoxy polymersBenjamin Chu and Chi WuCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 6, 1729–1735Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00184a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00184a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Controlling the spatial arrangement of organic magnetic anions adsorbed on epitaxial graphene on Ru(0001) (2014)

Achieving control over the self-organization of functional molecules on graphene is critical for the development of graphene technology in organic electronic and spintronic. Here, by using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), we show that the electron acceptor molecule 7,7',8,8'-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) and its fluorinated derivative 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7',8,8'-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (F4-TCNQ), co-deposited on the surface of epitaxial graphene on Ru(0001), transform spontaneously into their corresponding magnetic anions and self-organize in two remarkably different structures. TCNQ forms densely packed linear magnetic arrays, while F4-TCNQ molecules remain as isolated non interacting magnets. With the help of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we trace back the origin of this behavior in the competition between the intermolecular repulsion experienced by the individual charged anions, which tends to separate the molecules, and the delocalization of the electrons transferred from the surface to the molecules, which promotes the formation of molecular oligomers. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to control the spatial arrangement of organic magnetic anions co-adsorbed on a surface by means of chemical substitution, paving the way for the design of two-dimensional fully organic magnetic structures on graphene and on other surfaces.
Childhood Poisoning Involving Transdermal Nicotine Patches (1997)

In this series, unintentional exposures to TNPs among young children usually involved used patches, were transient (<20 minutes duration), and required only skin decontamination and supportive care. Continued monitoring of inadvertent childhood exposures to TNPs is recommended to confirm these observations.
A comparison of three subjective tests for astigmatism and their interexaminer reliabilities. (1996)

The results suggested that any of the three techniques could be substituted for another for astigmatism testing. On theoretical grounds, a binocular refraction method for cylinder axis determination, such as the HIC, is advisable for patients with cyclophorias and significant amounts of astigmatism. The results showed good reliability for each of the three methods.
Flexible and ultra-lightweight polymer membrane lasers (2018)

Organic semiconductors enable the fabrication of a range of lightweight and mechanically flexible optoelectronic devices. Most organic semiconductor lasers, however, have remained rigid until now, predominantly due to the need for a support substrate. Here, we use a simple fabrication process to make membrane-based, substrate-less and extremely thin (<500 nm) organic distributed feedback lasers that offer ultralow-weight (m/A<0.5 gm<sup>-2</sup>) and excellent mechanical flexibility. We show operation of the lasers as free-standing membranes and transfer them onto other substrates, e.g. a banknote, where the unique lasing spectrum is readily read out and used as security feature. The pump thresholds and emission intensity of our membrane lasers are well within the permissible exposures for ocular safety and we demonstrate integration on contact lenses as wearable security tags.
Noninvasive detection of tumor-associated mutations from circulating cell-free DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma patients by targeted deep sequencing (2016)

The results of our study suggest that tumor-associated mutations detected in plasma are associated with vascular invasion and might be used to predict a shorter recurrence-free survival time for HCC patients. This kind of biomarker can overcome the limitations of tumor heterogeneity. Moreover, the diagnostic performance is improved if multiple mutations in different genes are combined.
A Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Imager for Fluorescence Lifetime Applications (2007)

A 64-by-64-pixel CMOS single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) imager for time-resolved fluorescence detection features actively quenched and reset pixels, allowing gated detection to eliminate pile-up nonlinearities common to most time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) approaches. Timing information is collected using an on-chip time-to-digital converter (TDC) based on a counter and a supply-regulated delay-locked loop (DLL).
Reductively and hydrolytically dual degradable nanoparticles by “click” crosslinking of a multifunctional diblock copolymer (2012)

In this study, we report the synthesis of dual degradable nanoparticles by crosslinking a multifunctional amphiphilic block copolymer through “click” chemistry. Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly((ε-caprolactone)-co-(5,5-dibromomethyl trimethylene carbonate)) (mPEG-b-PDBTCL), an amphiphilic block copolymer with multiple bromo groups, was synthesized first by the ring-opening copolymerization of 5,5-dibromomethyl trimethylene carbonate (DBTC) and ε-caprolactone (CL) in the presence of methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol) as macroinitiator and stannous octanoate (Sn(Oct)2) as catalyst. Then the pendant bromo groups were partially transformed to the azide form by reacting with sodium azide under room temperature, to give partially azidated mPEG-b-PDBTCL (mPEG-b-PDBTCL-N3). Then “click” crosslinking was carried out using mPEG-b-PDBTCL-N3 as precursor and propargyl 3,3′-dithiopropionate as crosslinker, resulting in star-shaped nanoparticles bearing multiple bromo groups in the core. This kind of core crosslinked nanoparticle is biodegradable due to the hydrolysis of the poly(ester-carbonate) core. Additionally, depending on the redox-sensitive disulfide crosslinkers, the stable nanoparticles will dissociate into free block copolymers in the presence of 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT). Furthermore, ammonium groups were introduced into the core covalently by the quaternization reaction between the remaining bromomethyl groups and N,N-dimethylbutylamine. These dual degradable nanoparticles are expected to have potential applications as smart nanovessels for both drug and gene delivery.
Synthesis of Quinazolinone Derivatives (1970)

Reaction of 2-ethoxycarbonylamido-5-chlorobenzophenone (II) with benzylamine or 2-piperidinoethylamine respectively afforded 3-benzyl-(III) or 3-(2-piperidinoethyl)-4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-6-chloro-3, 4-dihydroquinazolin-2(1H)-one(VI). Unexpectedly, however, reaction of II with aminoalkylamines shown in Chart 1 gave 3-aminoalkyl-4-(aminoalkylamino)-4-phenyl-6-chloro-3, 4-dihydroquinazolin-2(1H)-one derivative (V). Heating of II with aminoalcohol or alkylenediamine was found to give a tricyclic quinazolinone derivative. Of the products hereby obtained, oxazolo [3, 2-c] quinazoline derivative (VIIIa) was confirmed by synthesis from 3-chloroethyl-4-hydroxy-4-phenyl-6-chloro-3, 4-dihydroquinazolin-2 (1H)-one (IX) by a different route.
RFID-based production data analysis in an IoT-enabled smart job-shop (2017)

Under industry 4.0, internet of things (IoT), especially radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, has been widely applied in manufacturing environment. This technology can bring convenience to production control and production transparency. Meanwhile, it generates increasing production data that are sometimes discrete, uncorrelated, and hard-to-use. Thus, an efficient analysis method is needed to utilize the invaluable data. This work provides an RFID-based production data analysis method for production control in IoT-enabled smart job-shops. The physical configuration and operation logic of IoT-enabled smart job-shop production are firstly described. Based on that, an RFID-based production data model is built to formalize and correlate the heterogeneous production data. Then, an eventdriven RFID-based production data analysis method is proposed to construct the RFID events and judge the process command execution. Furthermore, a near big data approach is used to excavate hidden information and knowledge from the historical production data. A demonstrative case is studied to verify the feasibility of the proposed model and methods. It is expected that our work will provide a different insight into the RFID-based production data analysis.
Quadratic time-varying spectral estimation for underspread processes (2002)

We study time-varying spectral estimation for nonstationary processes with restricted time-frequency (TF) correlation. We present explicit bias and variance expressions for quadratic TF-invariant (QTFI) estimators of an expected real-valued QTFI representation based on a single noisy observation. Unbiased theoretical estimators with globally minimal variance are derived and approximately realized by a matched multiwindow method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A review of hydrodynamic and energy-transport models for semiconductor device simulation (2003)

Since Stratton published his famous paper four decades ago, various transport models have been proposed which account for the average carrier energy or temperature in one way or another. The need for such transport models arose because the traditionally used drift-diffusion model cannot capture nonlocal effects which gained increasing importance in modern miniaturized semiconductor devices. In the derivation of these models from Boltzmann's transport equation, several assumptions have to be made in order to obtain a tractable equation set. Although these assumptions may differ significantly, the resulting final models show various similarities, which has frequently led to confusion. We give a detailed review on this subject, highlighting the differences and similarities between the models, and we shed some light on the critical issues associated with higher order transport models.