gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Constructing an elastic solid electrolyte interphase on graphite: a novel strategy suppressing lithium inventory loss in lithium-ion batteries (2017)

Constructing a robust and elastic solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on a graphite anode is an important strategy to suppress lithium-inventory loss and to prolong the lifespan of the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries.
Rapid identification of mutations in <i>GJC2</i> in primary lymphoedema using whole exome sequencing combined with linkage analysis with delineation of the phenotype (2011)

This report demonstrates the power of exome sequencing efficiently applied to a traditional positional cloning pipeline in disease gene discovery, and suggests that the phenotype produced by GJC2 mutations is predominantly one of 4 limb lymphoedema.
Hydrophobic bonding in alternating copolymers of maleic acid and alkyl vinyl ethers (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrophobic bonding in alternating copolymers of maleic acid and alkyl vinyl ethersPaul L. Dubin and Ulrich P. StraussCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1970, 74, 14, 2842–2847Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100708a020https://doi.org/10.1021/j100708a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views724Altmetric-Citations216LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The three‐dimensional architecture of the notochordal nucleus pulposus: novel observations on cell structures in the canine intervertebral disc (2003)

Cells from the nucleus pulposus of young (< 2 years) and old (> 5 years) non-chondrodystrophoid dogs were studied using routine histology, confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The architecture of cell structures--from the tissue scale down to subcellular scale--was reported. Clusters of notochordal cells were observed in young nuclei pulposi, ranging from 10 to 426 cells each. These clusters resisted mechanical disruption and showed evidence of cell-cell signalling via gap junctions. Cells (30-40 microm in diameter) within the clusters had a physaliferous appearance, containing numerous large inclusions which ranged from 1 to 20 microm in diameter. The inclusions were surrounded by a dense actin cortex but were not contained by a lipid bilayer. The contents of the inclusions were determined not to be predominantly carbohydrate or neutral lipid as assessed by histochemical staining, but the exact composition of the contents remained uncertain. There were striking differences in the cell architecture of young vs. old nuclei pulposi, with a loss of both cell clusters and physaliferous cells during ageing. These observations demonstrate unique cell structures, which may influence our understanding of the differences between notochordal and chondrocytic cells in the nucleus pulposus. Such differences could have substantial impact upon how we think about development, degeneration and repair of the intervertebral disc.
A Self-Regulated Insulin Delivery System Using Boronic Acid Gel (1994)

A novel polymer system sensitive to glucose concentration has been studied as a can didate material for chemically regulated insulin release system. Phenylboronic acid is able to form reversible binding to cis-diol substances. A glucose responsive insulin release system has been studied with utilization of phenylboronic acid polymers for the key material in the exchange reaction between gluconic acid modified insulin (G-Ins) and glucose. The released concentration of G-Ins from the polymer was pulsatile in response to the repeated stepwise concentration changes of glu cose. The linearity between glucose concentration and peak height of released G-Ins and the release response demonstrated no lag time to changes in glucose concentration were other important finites. The phenylboronic acid polymer shows considerable promise for use in a self-regulating insulin delivery system.
Analog and RF Interference Mitigation for Integrated MIMO Receiver Arrays (2016)

Over the past decade, we have witnessed the maturation of silicon-based phased array technology, which has started to make an impact on commercial and military wireless applications. Over the next decade, driven by the development of next-generation wireless communication networks, we will see the maturation and impact of large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology. MIMO receiver arrays exploit digital array signal processing, and consequently are exposed to interference in the analog and radio-frequency (RF) front ends. The absence of analog/RF interference mitigation in traditional digital MIMO receiver arrays results in designs with high-dynamic-range and power-hungry analog and RF receiver front ends and analog-to-digital converters. This paper describes recently developed techniques for spatio-spectral interference mitigation in the analog and RF domain for digital MIMO receivers. The techniques proposed are flexible; tunable across operating frequency; scalable; present low cost, size, and power consumption overheads; and are experimentally validated through a 0.1-1.7-GHz four-element receiver front-end array integrated circuit (IC) prototype in 65-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology.
Micro embossing of ceramic green substrates for micro devices (2008)

Multilayered ceramic substrates with embedded micro patterns are becoming increasingly important, for example, in harsh environment electronics and microfluidic devices. Fabrication of these embedded micro patterns, such as micro channels, cavities and vias, is a challenge. This study focuses on the process of patterning micro features on ceramic green substrates using micro embossing. A ceramic green tape that possessed near-zero shrinkage in the x-y plane was used, six layers of which were laminated as the embossing substrate. The process parameters that impact on the pattern fidelity were investigated and optimized in this study. Micro features with line-width as small as several micrometers were formed on the ceramic green substrates. The dynamic thermomechanical analysis indicated that extending the holding time at certain temperature range would harden the green substrates with little effect on improving the embossing fidelity. Ceramic substrates with embossed micro patterns were obtained after co-firing. The embedded micro channels were also obtained by laminating the green tapes on the embossed substrates.
Construction of picosecond time‐resolved Raman spectrometers with near‐infrared excitation (2006)

Abstract We have constructed two types of picosecond time‐resolved Raman spectrometers with near‐infrared excitation. One system is based on a step‐scan Fourier transform (FT) interferometer equipped with a Ge detector, and the other system is based on a dispersive spectrometer equipped with an InGaAs array detector. For the former system with pulsed Raman excitation, we have developed a new method of signal processing. This method does not require synchronization among laser pulses for Raman excitation, the stepping of the step‐scan interferometer, and the sampling of the analog‐to‐digital converter. In spite of large fluctuation in the probe‐pulse energy, the ordinary FT‐Raman spectra of samples in the ground electronic state can be obtained with satisfactory signal‐to‐noise ratios by the former system. By the latter system, picosecond transient Raman spectra have been obtained from the first excited singlet (S 1 ) state of 9‐phenylanthracene and the second excited singlet (S 2 ) state of all‐ trans ‐β‐carotene by using 388‐nm light for photoexcitation and 1064‐nm light for Raman excitation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steady-state dynamic temperature analysis and reliability optimization for embedded multiprocessor systems (2012)

In this paper we propose an analytical technique for the steady-state dynamic temperature analysis (SSDTA) of multiprocessor systems with periodic applications. The approach is accurate and, moreover, fast, such that it can be included inside an optimization loop for embedded system design. Using the proposed solution, a temperature-aware reliability optimization, based on the thermal cycling failure mechanism, is presented. The experimental results confirm the quality and speed of our SSDTA technique, compared to the state of the art. They also show that the lifetime of an embedded system can significantly be improved, without sacrificing its energy efficiency, by taking into consideration, during the design stage, the steady-state dynamic temperature profile of the system.
SET and Exciplex Pathways in the Photochemical Reactions between Aromatic Ketones and Benzylsilane and Stannane Derivatives (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSET and Exciplex Pathways in the Photochemical Reactions between Aromatic Ketones and Benzylsilane and Stannane DerivativesLaura Cermenati, Mauro Freccero, Paolo Venturello, and Angelo AlbiniCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 30, 7869–7876Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00135a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views383Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1007 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Improved contrast-to-noise in digital chest radiography by Bayesian image estimation (1992)

Floyd, C. E. Jr. Ph.D; Baydush, A. H. B.S.E; Lo, J. Y. B.S.E; Bowsher, J. E. Ph.D; Ravin, C. E. Author Information
A monolithic 14-bit D/A converter (1979)

A monolithic 14-bit D/A converter using `dynamic element matching' to obtain a high accuracy and good long-term stability is described. Over a temperature range from -50/spl deg/ to 70/spl deg/C the nonlinearity is less than one-half least significant bit (/SUP 1///SUB 2/LSB). Dynamic tests show a distortion at a level of about -90 dB with respect to the maximum sinewave output. Nearly no glitches are found, so the converter can be operated without a deglitcher circuit. The chip, with a size of 3.1/spl times/3.2 mm, contains all elements needed, except the output amplifier and digital input latches.
The impact of hepatitis viruses on chronic lymphoproliferative disorders--preliminary results. (2010)

A high incidence in female sex of over 50 years old was noticed. A strong association between B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders and hepatitis viral infection B, C, D was revealed, the most frequent being the C hepatitis virus, associated with the non-aggressive type of CLD, extra-nodal involvement, splenomegaly, lymphocytosis, cryoglobulins, cytolysis and colestasis. The clinical and biological disease history will be monitored during chemotherapy and antiviral treatment.
Electrostatically Self‐Assembled Nonconjugated Polyelectrolytes as an Ideal Interfacial Layer for Inverted Polymer Solar Cells (2012)

Nonconjugated polyelectrolytes (NPEs) are ideal interfacial layers for high-efficiency inverted polymer solar cells (I-PSCs). The NPEs are coated on indium tin oxide (ITO) using ionic self-assembly. Due to dipole formation between the cationic amine of the NPE and the anionic oxygen of ITO, the work function of ITO is dramatically reduced from 4.8 to 4.0 eV. Using the modified ITO, UV-independent I-PSCs with high efficiencies of 6.3% are demonstrated. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Handbook of electron spin resonance : data sources, computer technology, relaxation, and ENDOR (1994)

Contents: 1. Data Sources. Extent of the Literature. Textbooks and Monographs. Literature Reviews. Data Tabulations. Societies and Conferences. Conventions and Notation. Physical Constants and Conversion Factors. 2. Computer Techniques. Spectrometer Control and Data Sampling. Data Processing and Analysis. Spectrum Simulation. Line -Shape Analysis. Hamiltonian Fitting. Literature Searches. 3. Relaxation, Background, and Theory. Relaxation Time Constants. Bloch Equations. Chemical Exchange. Relaxation in Diluted Solids. Relaxation in Liquids. Relaxation in Concentrated Systems. Experimental Techniques. 4. Relaxation Data Tabulation. Transition Metal Ions. Solvated Electrons and Inorganic Radicals. Organic Radicals. Motional Effects. Exchange. 5. ENDOR Spectroscopy. ENDOR Fundamentals. ENDOR in Liquid Phase. ENDOR in the Solid-State. Pulsed ENDOR. 6. ENDOR Data Tabulations. Data for: 1H and 2H, 13C, 14N and 15N, 19F, 25Mg, 27Al, 29Si, 31P, 117Sn and 119Sn, 203Tl and 205Tl, Alkali Nuclei. Radicals Trapped in Crystals, Matrices, and Solutions. Triplet-State Radicals. Free Radicals in Biological Systems. Inorganic Radicals and Ions. Defects and Complexes on Surfaces. Impurity Centers in Semiconductors.
Automated planners for storage provisioning and disaster recovery (2008)

Introducing an application into a data center involves complex interrelated decision-making for the placement of data (where to store it) and resiliency in the event of a disaster (how to protect it). Automated planners can assist administrators in making intelligent placement and resiliency decisions when provisioning for both new and existing applications. Such planners take advantage of recent improvements in storage resource management and provide guided recommendations based on monitored performance data and storage models. For example, the IBM Provisioning Planner provides intelligent decision-making for the steps involved in allocating and assigning storage for workloads. It involves planning for the number, size, and location of volumes on the basis of workload performance requirements and hierarchical constraints, planning for the appropriate number of paths, and enabling access to volumes using zoning, masking, and mapping. The IBM Disaster Recovery (DR) Planner enables administrators to choose and deploy appropriate replication technologies spanning servers, the network, and storage volumes to provide resiliency to the provisioned application. The DR Planner begins with a list of high-level application DR requirements and creates an integrated plan that is optimized on criteria such as cost and solution homogeneity. The Planner deploys the selected plan using orchestrators that are responsible for failover and failback.
Activation and deactivation studies of laser thermal annealed boron, arsenic, phosphorus, and antimony ultra-shallow abrupt junctions (2003)

As device geometries shrink, the shallow extension regions must also be scaled to achieve ultra-shallow highly-activated abrupt junctions. Laser thermal annealing (LTA) has shown the potential to provide a solution for this need. An investigation was performed to look at the activation and deactivation characteristics of common p- and n-type dopant materials in a 20 mm pre-amorphized silicon layer. Laser energy was varied from 0.30 J/cm/sup 2/ to 0.68 J/cm/sup 2/ which causes a varied melt depth shallower than and beyond the amorphous-crystalline interface. These junctions were then rapid thermal annealed (RTA) for 30 seconds at temperatures between 700/spl deg/C and 1000/spl deg/C. Four-point probe, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and Hall analysis were performed on the samples. Results show that significant deactivation affects all species, with >50% reduction in active carrier concentration seen after the 1000/spl deg/C anneals. The 1999 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors' (ITRS) sheet resistance and junction depth requirements are met for the B and As implants with 0.46 J/cm/sup 2/ LTA processing and RTA processing at 800/spl deg/C and below. For the P and Sb junctions, 0.46 J/cm/sup 2/ LTA processing and RTA processing at 700/spl deg/C meet the roadmap requirements. Additionally, the 1000/spl deg/C anneals were reduced to 2 sec, showing that this thermal budget reduction was not sufficient to allow the junctions to achieve the ITRS requirements.
An improved algorithm for the Jardine-Sibson method of generating overlapping clusters (1970)

An improved algorithm for generating k-partition overlapping clusters is discussed. Jardine and Sibson (1968) proposed the basic algorithm and suggested that it was likely that an improved algorithm could be found. In addition an attempt is made to automate the subsequent process of cluster recognition.
Noninvasive Estimation of Blood Pressure Using Photoplethysmographic Signals in the Period Domain (2005)

In order to detect hypertension at its early stage, blood pressure (BP) of an individual must be carefully monitored. Aiming to monitor BP noninvasively and continuously, this study examines a new feature, normalized harmonic area (NHA), which is extracted from photoplethysmoographic (PPG) signals in the period domain by using the discrete period transform (DPT). BP, pulse transit time (PTT), diastolic time (DT) and NHA were obtained from photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals in the period domain by using the discrete period transform (DPT). BP, pulse transit time (PTI), diastolic time (DT) and NHA were obtained from 28 subjects before and immediately after step-climbing exercise. It was found that NHA has more significant correlation wiith BP than PTT and DT in this study. The mean difference and standard deviation (Mean±SD) between the BP estimated from NHA and the reference BP obtained from a commercial oscillometric BP meter were 0.37±4.3 mmHg and 0.51±4.8 mmHg for SBP and DBP, respectively. The result indicate that NHA is potentially a useful indicator of arterial BP.
Pretargeting with Amplification Using Polymeric Peptide Nucleic Acid (2001)

One goal of this investigation was to develop a polymer conjugated with multiple copies of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for applications in vivo. The second goal was to establish whether the multiple copies of PNA on the polymer could be targeted by hybridization in vitro and in vivo with (99m)Tc-labeled complementary PNA (cPNA). If successful, this approach could then be considered in further investigations as an alternative to existing pretargeting approaches because of the potential for signal amplification in the target. A 80 KDa poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PA) polymer was conjugated with multiple copies of PNA and with multiple copies of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) by reacting the NHS derivative of PA with the amine derivatives of PNA and PEG. Using (99m)Tc-MAG(3)-cPNA, targeting of PNA-PA-PEG was studied in vitro and in vivo in inflammation and tumor mouse models, in both cases relying upon nonspecific diffusion for localization. In addition, cPNA-avidin was considered as a clearing agent with biotinylated PNA-PA-PEG. About 80 PNAs could be conjugated to PA provided that about 200 PEGs were also conjugated to raise the aqueous solubility of the PNA-PA-PEG polymer lowered by the addition of the PNAs. About 70% of the PNAs on this polymer in vitro either in solution or attached to beads could be successfully targeted with (99m)Tc-cPNA. In both the inflammation and tumor mouse models, between 35 and 60% of these PNAs could be targeted in the lesions. The advantage of amplification was evident when less favorable results were obtained with PNA-PA-PEG conjugated with only six PNAs. We conclude that amplification can be achieved in vivo using polymers of PNA followed by radiolabeled complementary PNA and that the application of pretargeting using polymers of PNA for amplification can improve localization.
Increased levels of platelet‐activating factor in blood from patients with cirrhosis of the liver (1987)

The levels of platelet-activating factor (paf-acether) were measured in blood and ascitic fluid from cirrhotic patients and in blood from a group of controls, using a recently described technique for extraction and measurement. In addition, activity of acetylhydrolase, the main catabolic enzyme for paf-acether, was also measured. The highest levels of paf-acether in blood were found in decompensated cirrhotics (1.78 +/- 0.62 ng ml-1; mean +/- SD, n = 8). Compensated cirrhotics showed lower blood values (0.79 +/- 0.21, n = 4), but higher than controls (0.20 +/- 0.04, n = 12). Paf-acether levels in ascitic fluid were similar to those of blood. Values of acetylhydrolase in serum were similar in all the groups studied (3.0 +/- 0.4 in cirrhotics vs. 2.3 +/- 0.4 nmol min-1 mg-1 of protein in controls). These data suggest an enhanced production of paf-acether in cirrhotic patients rather than a decreased catabolism. High levels of paf-acether in blood could be involved in the impaired haemodynamics of cirrhotic patients and in their renal function alterations.
Classification of Crash and Near-Crash Events from Dashcam Videos and Telematics (2018)

The identification of dangerous events from sensor data is a fundamental sub-task in domains such as autonomous vehicles and intelligent transportation systems. In this work, we tackle the problem of classifying crash and near-crash events from dashcam videos and telematics data. We propose a method that uses a combination of state-of-the-art approaches in computer vision and machine learning. We use an object detector based on convolutional neural networks to extract semantic information about the road scene, and generate video and telematics features that are fed to a random forest classifier. Computational experiments on the SHRP2 dataset show that our approach reaches more than 0.87 of accuracy on the binary problem of distinguishing dangerous from safe events, and 0.85 on the 3-class problem of discriminating between crash, near-crash, and safe events.