gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pilot study showing an association between platelet hyperactivity and the severity of peripheral arterial disease (2007)

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a chronic fibroproliferative inflammatory condition associated with progressive vascular stenosis. We set out to determine the relationship between spontaneous stirring-induced platelet aggregation in whole blood and the severity of lower-limb PAD, represented by the ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI). ABPI was determined pre- and post-exercise in 31 subjects (20 men and 11 women) with established PAD. Platelets counts were determined in EDTA blood (total count) and in citrated whole blood after stirring in the absence of added ADP (spontaneous aggregation) and in the presence of added ADP (ADP-induced) for 3 min at 37 degrees C. Aggregation was calculated as a percentage of the total platelet count. Spontaneous platelet aggregation showed an inverse correlation with pre-exercise ABPI (r = -0.32; P < 0.05) and ADP-induced aggregation correlated inversely with post-exercise ABPI (r = -0.34; P < 0.05). These results indicate that platelet hyperactivity is associated with increasing severity of PAD. Increased platelet aggregation may result in thromboembolic events in the affected limb.
대응 짝 비열등성 임상시험에서 모의실험을 통한 ITT군과 PP군의 비교 (2011)

Objectives: This research tries to evaluate proper analysis sets for matched-pair noninferiority clinical trials based on Sanchez and Chen`s work (2006). Methods: We evaluate intention-to-treat (ITT) with last observation carried forward (LOCF), ITT with mixed model for repeated measures (MIVIRM) and per-protocol (PP) using simulation study wit various scenarios. Results: From the simulation study, it is found that LOCF is simple and convenient to handle missing data, but it should be used with caution because it can result in biased effect estimation and lack of control on Type I error. On the other hand, ITT-MMERM has more control over Type Tenor and bias compared with ITT-LOCF and PP. Conclusions: In matched-pair noninferiority clinical trials, ITT with consideration of MMRM can be recommended for the primary analysis.
Enantioselective hydrolysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylalkanoic acid esters with pig liver esterase (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantioselective hydrolysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylalkanoic acid esters with pig liver esteraseWilliam K. Wilson, Shawn B. Baca, Yolanda J. Barber, Terence J. Scallen, and Cary J. MorrowCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 22, 3960–3966Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00170a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00170a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views515Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Doping Concentration and Physical Properties Measurement of Silicon Wafer Using Terahertz Wave (2017)

본 논문에서는 테라헤르츠파 시간분광영상시스템을 이용하여 도핑된 실리콘 웨이퍼의 물리적 특성을 측정하는 것에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 투과모드와 <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX>의 입사각을 가진 반사모드를 이용하여 측정하였으며 실리콘 웨이퍼의 도핑 정도는 N-type과 P-type 모두에서 <TEX>$10^{14}$</TEX>에서 <TEX>$10^{18}$</TEX>까지 다양하게 준비하였다. 그 결과, 도핑 정도와 테라헤르츠파와의 상관관계를 찾았으며 이를 이용하면 모든 경우에 대한 도핑된 실리콘 웨이퍼의 도핑 정도를 확인할 수 있다. 또한, 각 도핑된 실리콘 웨이퍼의 도핑된 두께, 굴절률, 유전율을 테라헤르츠 시간영역 파형분석을 통하여 계산할 수 있었다. 따라서, 테라헤르츠 시간분광영상화 기술은 도핑된 실리콘 웨이퍼의 굴절률과 유전율과 같은 물리적 특성뿐만 아니라 도핑 정도를 측정할 수 있는 유용한 기술이 될 것으로 기대된다. In this study, a terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) imaging technique was used to measure doping concentration and physical properties (such as refractive index and permittivity) of the doped silicon (Si) wafers. The transmission and reflection modes with an incidence angle of <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX> were employed to determine the physical properties of the doped Si wafers. The doping concentrations of the prepared Si wafers were varied from <TEX>$10^{14}$</TEX> to <TEX>$10^{18}$</TEX> in both N-type and P-type cases. Finally, the correlation between the doping concentration and the power of the THz wave was determined by measuring the powers of the transmitted and reflected THz waves of the doped Si wafers. Additionally, the doped thickness, the refractive index, and permittivity of each doped Si wafer were calculated using the THz time domain waveform. The results indicate that the THz-TDS imaging technique is potentially a promising technique to measure the doping concentration as well as other optical properties (such as the refractive index and permittivity) of the doped Si wafer.
La política de calidad como estrategia para el mantenimiento de la agricultura en zonas marginales (1995)

Low stringency screening of a Jurkat cDNA library with a rat brain K+ channel (RCK1) probe has resulted in the isolation of HLK3, a voltage-gated K+ channel. In Xenopus oocytes, the HLK3 clone directs the expression of a rapidly activating transient outward K+ current similar to the type n K+ current recorded in Jurkat T cells. The HLK3 gene is located on the short arm of human chromosome 1 (p13.3). Polymerase chain reaction was used to clone HIsK from Jurkat cDNA. The HIsK clone shares the same sequence with a previously described genomic clone (Murai, T., Kazikuka, A., Takumi, T., Ohkubo, H., and Nakanishi, S. (1989) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 161, 176-181). In Xenopus oocytes, it encodes a slowly activating, noninactivating K+ channel which cannot be recorded in Jurkat cells by conventional patch-clamp techniques. Transcripts of both clones are present at a similar level before and after activation of purified human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells, reflecting a constitutive expression of K+ channel messages. This finding is in good agreement with the electrophysiological results for type n K+ current density on the same cells. HLK3 current is very sensitive to the scorpion toxin charybdotoxin (IC50 = 0.8 nM). HIsK current is totally insensitive to this toxin but is blocked by the antiarrhythmic clofilium (IC50 = 80 microM). While charybdotoxin has no effect on interleukin 2 mRNA induction, clofilium potently inhibits interleukin 2 mRNA expression upon mitogen-induced T cell activation. It is concluded that the HLK3 channel is not an important component of the T cell mitogenic response. Other targets for K+ channel blockers, such as the HIsK protein, could be involved in the activation process.
Rotavirus disease and vaccination: Impact on genotype diversity (2009)

Temporal and spatial fluctuations in the genotype distribution of human rotaviruses are continuously observed in surveillance studies. New genotypes, such as G9 and G12, have emerged and spread worldwide in a very short time span. In addition, reassortment events have the potential to contribute substantially to genetic diversity among human and animal rotaviruses. With the recent introduction of the two rotavirus vaccines, RotaTeq and Rotarix, in many countries, it appears that the total number of hospitalizations due to rotavirus infections is being reduced, at least in developed countries that implemented a universal immunization program. However, continued surveillance is warranted, especially regarding the long-term effects of the vaccines. No data analyses are available to clarify whether rotavirus vaccine introduction would allow other rotavirus P and G genotypes, which are not covered by the current vaccines, to emerge into the human population and fill the apparent gap. This kind of data analysis is essential, but its interpretation is hampered by natural and cyclical genotype fluctuations.
The overlooked impact of rising glyphosate use on phosphorus loading in agricultural watersheds (2018)

Glyphosate is the most extensively used pesticide worldwide. In addition to raising ecotoxicological concerns, the use of glyphosate adds phosphorus (P) to agricultural landscapes, influencing the accumulation and cycling of P in soil and nearby surface waters. Yet pesticides have been largely ignored when monitoring anthropogenic sources of P in agricultural watersheds. Estimating the supply of P derived from glyphosate use, both globally and in the US alone, we show that trends have markedly increased over the past two decades. Across the US , mean inputs of glyphosate‐derived P increased from 1.6 kg P km −2 in 1993 to 9.4 kg P km −2 in 2014, with values frequently exceeding 20 kg P km −2 in areas planted with glyphosate‐resistant crops. Although still a minor source of P relative to fertilizers, P inputs from glyphosate use have now reached levels comparable to those from sources for which P regulations were initiated in the past. We thus argue for greater recognition of glyphosate's influence on P flow in watershed research and management.
Time-to-Fail Extraction Model for the "Mixed-Mode" Reliability of High-Performance SiGe Bipolar Transistors (2006)

We present a mixed-mode reliability time-to-fail model for high-performance SiGe HBTs. We systematically extract model parameters for 10% current-gain (h <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">FE</sub> ) degradation as function of stress parameters VM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CB</sub> and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</sub> over multiple orders of empirical drift data. The model also includes V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BE</sub> readout and geometry scalings
Enhanced production of (<i>R</i>,<i>R</i>)-2,3-butanediol by metabolically engineered <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> (2015)

Microbial fermentation produces a racemic mixture of 2,3-butanediol ((R,R)-BD, (S,S)-BD, and meso-BD), and the compositions and physiochemical properties vary from microorganism to microorganism. Although the meso form is much more difficult to transport and store because of its higher freezing point than those of the optically active forms, most microorganisms capable of producing 2,3-BD mainly yield meso-2,3-BD. Thus, we developed a metabolically engineered (R,R)-2,3-BD overproducing strain using a Klebsiella oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB strain, which shows an outstanding 2,3-BD production performance with more than 90 % of the meso form. A budC gene encoding 2,3-BD dehydrogenase in the K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB strain was replaced with an exogenous gene encoding (R,R)-2,3-BD dehydrogenase from Paenibacillus polymyxa (K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB ΔbudC::PBDH strain), and then its expression level was further amplified with using a pBBR1MCS plasmid. The fed-batch fermentation of the K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB ΔbudC::PBDH (pBBR-PBDH) strain with intermittent glucose feeding allowed the production of 106.7 g/L of (R,R)-2,3-BD [meso-2,3-BD, 9.3 g/L], with a yield of 0.40 g/g and a productivity of 3.1 g/L/h, which should be useful for the industrial application of 2,3-BD.
Neural attractor network for application in visual field data classification (2004)

The purpose was to introduce a novel method for computer-based classification of visual field data derived from perimetric examination, that may act as a 'counsellor', providing an independent 'second opinion' to the diagnosing physician. The classification system consists of a Hopfield-type neural attractor network that obtains its input data from perimetric examination results. An iterative relaxation process determines the states of the neurons dynamically. Therefore, even 'noisy' perimetric output, e.g., early stages of a disease, may eventually be classified correctly according to the predefined idealized visual field defect (scotoma) patterns, stored as attractors of the network, that are found with diseases of the eye, optic nerve and the central nervous system. Preliminary tests of the classification system on real visual field data derived from perimetric examinations have shown a classification success of over 80%. Some of the main advantages of the Hopfield-attractor-network-based approach over feed-forward type neural networks are: (1) network architecture is defined by the classification problem; (2) no training is required to determine the neural coupling strengths; (3) assignment of an auto-diagnosis confidence level is possible by means of an overlap parameter and the Hamming distance. In conclusion, the novel method for computer-based classification of visual field data, presented here, furnishes a valuable first overview and an independent 'second opinion' in judging perimetric examination results, pointing towards a final diagnosis by a physician. It should not be considered a substitute for the diagnosing physician. Thanks to the worldwide accessibility of the Internet, the classification system offers a promising perspective towards modern computer-assisted diagnosis in both medicine and tele-medicine, for example and in particular, with respect to non-ophthalmic clinics or in communities where perimetric expertise is not readily available.
Towards High Assurance Networks of Virtual Machines (2009)

VMM and introspection\n\nare important building blocks to create high assurance systems. In this\n\nview, we have developed Psyco-Virt, a software architecture that integrates\n\nintrospection with a set of host and network IDS tools to achieve high assurance\n\non the integrity of the VMs. The overall architecture consists of a\n\ncluster of monitored VMs (Mon-VMs), i.e. the VMs to monitor, and introspection\n\nVMs (IVMs) to implement the monitoring. All the Mon-VMs are\n\nmapped onto a cluster of physical nodes, and one IVM is introduced for\n\neach physical node. All the Mon-VMs are connected by a virtual network,\n\nthe data one, to exchange application traffic. A further virtual network, the\n\ncontrol network, connects all the IVMs and each IVM and the Mon-VMs\n\non the same node. This is a private hierarchical network that spans across\n\ndistinct physical nodes to support the exchange of alerts and introspection\n\ninformation. A set of IDS agents on each Mon-VM discovers attempted intrusions/\n\nattacks and, in such a case, an agent alerts the IVM through the\n\ncontrol network. In Psyco-Virt, the kernel of each Mon-VM guarantees the\n\nintegrity of the controls implemented by the IDS agents, while an introspector\n\nrunning on the IVM exploits the VMM control interface to apply\n\nintrospection and monitor the kernel of each Mon-VM to discover attacks\n\nagainst the kernel itself.
Ethnopharmacology of Sacred Psychoactive Plants Used by the Indians of Mexico (1977)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Beschreibung cholesterischer Mischsysteme mit einer erweiterten Goossens‐Theorie (1974)

Abstract An einer Reihe von cholesterischen flüssig‐kristallinen Mischsystemen wurde die Abhängigkeit der “Helical twisting power” p −1 vom Molenbruch x gemessen, wobei die Art der Mischungskomponenten weitgehend variiert wurde. Zwei verschiedene Kurventypen p −1 ( x ) wurden beobachtet: a) lineare und b) nicht‐lineare mit einem Minimum. Im Fall b) traten zum Teil unerwartete Helixkompensationen auf Das beobachtete Verhalten läßt sich auf die verschiedene Molekülstruktur der Mischungskomponenten zurückführen. Die Ergebnisse werden anhand der früher [1,4] auf Mischungen erweiterten Goossens‐Theorie diskutiert und eine Unterteilung in “ideale” und “reale” cholesterische Mischsysteme vorgeschlagen.
Antihypertensive Effectiveness of Amlodipine in Combination With Hydrochlorothiazide (1989)

The antihypertensive and metabolic effects of amlodipine, a new calcium-channel blocker, in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were compared with those of HCTZ in combination with placebo. After four weeks open treatment with HCTZ 50 mg/d, 20 patients were blindly allocated to receive placebo and 20 to receive amlodipine, if their diastolic arterial pressure supine and upright was 95 to 115 mm Hg. The patients were seen in the clinic every two weeks for 12 more weeks, where their arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) were measured supine and upright. Hydrochlorothiazide was kept at 50 mg/d, but amlodipine was increased from 2.5 to 5.0 to 10.0 mg/d as needed. At end of weeks 4 and 16 the AP and HR were measured hourly for 12 hours and 24 hours later. Serial clinical and laboratory evaluations including lipid profiles were done on all patients. Amlodipine treated patients had lower arterial pressures in both the supine and upright positions (P less than .001), higher HDL levels (P less than .05) and lower CHOL:HDL and LDL:HDL ratios (P less than .01), than placebo-treated patients. Also, amlodipine-treated patients had lower SGOT and SGPT levels (P less than .01) than placebo-treated patients. No changes in HR or weight were noted between the two groups of patients. Clinical side effects were few and mild and not different between the two groups. We conclude: (1) the addition of amlodipine to HCTZ enhanced its antihypertensive action; (2) amlodipine was safe and well tolerated; and (3) amlodipine, perhaps, has a favorable effect on lipids.
Optical Slot-Waveguide Based Biochemical Sensors (2009)

Slot-waveguides allow light to be guided and strongly confined inside a nanometer-scale region of low refractive index. Thus stronger light-analyte interaction can be obtained as compared to that achievable by a conventional waveguide, in which the propagating beam is confined to the high-refractive-index core of the waveguide. In addition, slot-waveguides can be fabricated by employing CMOS compatible materials and technology, enabling miniaturization, integration with electronic, photonic and fluidic components in a chip, and mass production. These advantages have made the use of slot-waveguides for highly sensitive biochemical optical integrated sensors an emerging field. In this paper, recent achievements in slot-waveguide based biochemical sensing will be reviewed. These include slot-waveguide ring resonator based refractometric label-free biosensors, label-based optical sensing, and nano-opto-mechanical sensors.
Functional Properties of Food Proteins Polymerized by Transglutaminase (1984)

Journal Article Functional Properties of Food Proteins Polymerized by Transglutaminase Get access Masao Motoki, Masao Motoki Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Noriki Nio, Noriki Nio Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koichi Takinami Koichi Takinami Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 48, Issue 5, 1 May 1984, Pages 1257–1261, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1984.10866304 Published: 01 May 1984 Article history Received: 17 October 1983 Published: 01 May 1984
Intelligent battery management system with parallel-connected cell-balance algorithm on the humanoid robot (2007)

The cruising scope of the humanoid robot is conspicuously restrained by the heavy weight and the discharge instability of the lithium cell structure. Generally speaking, most of the key performance indices (KPI) of the state of discharge (SOD) can be satisfied by the series-connected cells with traditional gas-gauge if the current is small enough. However, the reliable cycle-lifespan would be shortened and KPI are no longer assured whenever the cell-inbalance phenomenon occurs under the heavy-duty discharge conditions. This paper is aimed to develop an inexpensive, lightweight, durable, reliable, and predictable cell-balance algorithm (ICBA) with parallel-connected circuit to stabilize the respective cells and protect the battery management system (BMS). A PC-based graphic-user interface (GUI) will be implemented to detect the on-line SOD and evaluate KPI for the existed cell-group. Finally, computer simulations and the SOD experiment with data acquisition are carefully examined and successfully demonstrated the advantages of the proposed algorithm.
Ultra-small silicon polarization beam splitter based on cascaded asymmetry directional couplers (2013)

A polarization beam splitter with cascaded asymmetrical directional couplers is demonstrated experimentally on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The measured extinction ratios of the fabricated PBS are about 11dB and 13dB for TE/TM polarizations.
Room-temperature heterojunction laser diodes from vapor-grown In1−<i>x</i>Ga<i>x</i>P/GaAs structures (1974)

Vapor-grown epitaxial structures of In0.5Ga0.5P/GaAs have yielded heterojunction laser diodes with room-temperature threshold current densities as low as 8000 A/cm2 for a 2.5-μm GaAs laser cavity width. Differential external quantum efficiencies as high as 30% have been attained. Measurements suggest the existence of internally ``trapped'' laser modes due to the large refractive-index discontinuity at the In0.5Ga0.5P–GaAs interfaces.
New Single Crystal Superalloys, CMSX <sup>®</sup> ‐7 and CMSX <sup>®</sup> ‐8 (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction CMSX-7 Alloy CMSX-8 Alloy Alloy Enhancements/Modifications Summary Acknowledgements
Erythromycin mimics exogenous motilin in gastrointestinal contractile activity in the dog (1984)

The gastrointestinal motor stimulating activity of erythromycin (EM) was studied in conscious dogs. It was found that a 20-min intravenous infusion of EM lactobionate at a dose of 50-100 micrograms (potency) X kg-1 X h-1 induced a group of strong contractions in the stomach and the duodenum, and the contractions migrated along the small intestine to the terminal ileum. The EM-induced contractions were quite similar to the naturally occurring interdigestive migrating contractions (IMC) in the gastrointestinal tract in frequency, contractile force, and duration of the contractions, migrating velocity, and accompanying peaks of plasma motilin concentration. The EM-induced contractions in the stomach were inhibited by feeding and intravenous infusion of pentagastrin (1.5 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1) but were not affected by secretin; these findings are identical to those found with the naturally occurring and motilin-induced contractions. Like motilin, EM stimulated motor activity only during the interdigestive state. We conclude that EM induces IMC associated with the release of endogenous motilin in the dog.