gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Workforce Reductions and Termination Benefits in Governments: The Case of Advance Notice (1996)

The prospect of layoffs and ongoing downsizing in governments due to budget cuts has generated growing concern about termination benefits for public employees, such as severance pay, transition assistance, and advance notice. This study analyzes the organizational reasons why governments should provide such benefits. The study also uses advance notice as an example, and the CPS-Displaced Worker Survey to assess whether such a benefit lessens the economic loss of layoffs for affected employees. The findings show that termination benefits are integral parts of organizational commitment to preserve a long-term relationship between the organization and its employees, and serve the purpose of maintaining and reinforcing the organizational commitment and productivity of employees, especially those who survived. The findings from the case study show that advance notice provides terminated employees an early start in their job search and therefore helps lessen their economic loss resulting from layoffs. The study also discusses the implications of mandating governments to provide termination benefits as a strategy for managing workforce reductions.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY IN HYDROGEN FLUORIDE. V. CATALYSTS FOR REACTION OF HYDROGEN FLUORIDE WITH HALOGENATED OLEFINS (1979)

Abstract Die Chlorethylene (I) addieren unter Lewissäure‐Katalyse HF zu den Chlorfluorethanen (II), die anschließend Chlor zu den Chlorfluorethanen (III) und (IV) austauschen.
The Solution for Efficient Electricity Management through Wireless Sensor Network (2014)

In the new paradigm of Internet of Things (IoT), many objects will be on the network having capability of sensing, computing and communicating with each other directly or indirectly. The most important aspect of it is that, such network will be invisible but intelligent to complete the entire task through Internet. Utilization of such efficient ubiquitous network will have number of applications like in social, industrial, entertainment, health care etc. The efficient electricity management is the major need to be considered due to limited natural resource of energy generation. The major issue in not to generate the resource but to handle the generated resource efficiently. In this paper we have proposed the solution for electricity management through Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) in the IoT paradigm, where the sensing nodes deployed on the high electricity consumption devices will monitor the daily consumption and update it through smart device on the Internet for reference. Smart electric devices can be controlled to leave in dormant state when not needed. This will help to budget the need of electricity planning at a large scale automatically.
Segmentation and classification of medical images using texture-primitive features: Application of BAM-type artificial neural network (2008)

The objective of developing this software is to achieve auto-segmentation and tissue characterization. Therefore, the present algorithm has been designed and developed for analysis of medical images based on hybridization of syntactic and statistical approaches, using artificial neural network (ANN). This algorithm performs segmentation and classification as is done in human vision system, which recognizes objects; perceives depth; identifies different textures, curved surfaces, or a surface inclination by texture information and brightness. The analysis of medical image is directly based on four steps: 1) image filtering, 2) segmentation, 3) feature extraction, and 4) analysis of extracted features by pattern recognition system or classifier. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present an approach for soft tissue characterization utilizing texture-primitive features with ANN as segmentation and classifier tool. The present approach directly combines second, third, and fourth steps into one algorithm. This is a semisupervised approach in which supervision is involved only at the level of defining texture-primitive cell; afterwards, algorithm itself scans the whole image and performs the segmentation and classification in unsupervised mode. The algorithm was first tested on Markov textures, and the success rate achieved in classification was 100%; further, the algorithm was able to give results on the test images impregnated with distorted Markov texture cell. In addition to this, the output also indicated the level of distortion in distorted Markov texture cell as compared to standard Markov texture cell. Finally, algorithm was applied to selected medical images for segmentation and classification. Results were in agreement with those with manual segmentation and were clinically correlated.
Trazodone plus pregabalin combination in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a two-phase, 24-week, open-label uncontrolled study (2011)

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00791739.
Method and Apparatus for Measuring the Strength of Weak Binding Coating Interface<sup></sup> (2014)

For the difficulty of coating weak bonding strength measurement, we proposed coating weak bonding strength measurement method and apparatus based on laser-induced shock wave. This apparatus contained the laser, the beam splitter, the photodiode, the convex lens, acoustic emission sensors and the oscilloscope. First the distance of the focus and the circular area was calculated by the interaction of laser-induced shock wave and the measurement object. The acoustic emission sensor was moved to the same distance, which was used to measure the shock wave propagation time under the same power laser beam. Finally, coating weak bonding strength is calculated by the laser-induced shock wave propagation equation. The experimental results showed that the present method and apparatus can measure weak binding strength of the coating, which provides an important reference for the coating bond strength measurement.
Classification of Incidental Carcinoma of the Prostate Using Learning Vector Quantization and Support Vector Machines (2003)

The subclassification of incidental prostatic carcinoma into the categories T1a and T1b is of major prognostic and therapeutic relevance. In this paper an attempt was made to find out which properties mainly predispose to these two tumor categories, and whether it is possible to predict the category from a battery of clinical and histopathological variables using newer methods of multivariate data analysis. The incidental prostatic carcinomas of the decade 1990-99 diagnosed at our department were reexamined. Besides acquisition of routine clinical and pathological data, the tumours were scored by immunohistochemistry for proliferative activity and p53-overexpression. Tumour vascularization (angiogenesis) and epithelial texture were investigated by quantitative stereology. Learning vector quantization (LVQ) and support vector machines (SVM) were used for the purpose of prediction of tumour category from a set of 10 input variables (age, Gleason score, preoperative PSA value, immunohistochemical scores for proliferation and p53-overexpression, 3 stereological parameters of angiogenesis, 2 stereological parameters of epithelial texture). In a stepwise logistic regression analysis with the tumour categories T1a and T1b as dependent variables, only the Gleason score and the volume fraction of epithelial cells proved to be significant as independent predictor variables of the tumour category. Using LVQ and SVM with the information from all 10 input variables, more than 80 of the cases could be correctly predicted as T1a or T1b category with specificity, sensitivity, negative and positive predictive value from 74-92%. Using only the two significant input variables Gleason score and epithelial volume fraction, the accuracy of prediction was not worse. Thus, descriptive and quantitative texture parameters of tumour cells are of major importance for the extent of propagation in the prostate gland in incidental prostatic adenocarcinomas. Classical statistical tools and neuronal approaches led to consistent conclusions.
N-benzyloxycarbonylaziridine in the syntheses of 2-aminoethyl armed lariats and selectively N-protected polyazacrown ethers (1993)

The 15- and 18-membered mono- and bi-bracchial N-aminoethylene armed lariats 6, 7 and 8 have been synthesized by alkylations of parent azacrowns using N-benzyloxycarbonylaziridine 2 and subsequent removal of Z-protecting groups by catalytic hydrogenolysis. Extraction experiments with M+-picrates (M+= Li+, Na+, K+ and Cs+) showed medium efficacy of 6, 7 and 8 and only slight selectivity of 6 for Cs+. The syntheses of selectively N-protected polyazacrowns 10-benzyl-1,4-dioxa-7,10,13-triazacyclopentadecane 12, 10,19-dibenzyl-1,4,13,16-tetraoxa-7,10,19,22-tetraazacyclotetracosane 16 and 4,16-dibenzyl-1,10-dioxa-4,7,13,16-tetraazacyclooctadecane 21 exemplify the application of N-benzyloxycarbonylaziridine 2 as a suitable building block for preparations of selectively N-protected polyaza-macrocycles.
Malaria during pregnancy: parasites, antibodies and chondroitin sulphate A (1999)

CSA-binding forms of P. falciparum appear uncommonly in non-pregnant hosts but are selected by the human placenta for growth. Parasites are presumably selected by adherence to CSA within the vascular compartment of the placenta, allowing IRBCs to sequester and multiply to high density. Chondroitin sulphate appears on the surface of placental syncytiotrophoblasts, and CSA is a component of PGs found in the placenta [42], but the identification of the CSA-containing PG(s) mediating IRBC adhesion in vivo requires further study. Anti-adhesion antibodies against CSA-binding parasites are associated with protection from maternal malaria, but these antibodies develop only over successive pregnancies, accounting for the susceptibility of primigravidas to infection. PfCSA-L, the parasite ligand mediating adhesion to CSA, has not yet been identified but is known to be antigenically conserved among isolates from around the world. An anti-adhesion vaccine delivered to women before first pregnancy could confer protection from maternal malaria and might be globally effective.
Exploring asymmetric clustering for statistical language modeling (2001)

The n-gram model is a stochastic model, which predicts the next word (predicted word) given the previous words (conditional words) in a word sequence. The cluster n-gram model is a variant of the n-gram model in which similar words are classified in the same cluster. It has been demonstrated that using different clusters for predicted and conditional words leads to cluster models that are superior to classical cluster models which use the same clusters for both words. This is the basis of the asymmetric cluster model (ACM) discussed in our study. In this paper, we first present a formal definition of the ACM. We then describe in detail the methodology of constructing the ACM. The effectiveness of the ACM is evaluated on a realistic application, namely Japanese Kana-Kanji conversion. Experimental results show substantial improvements of the ACM in comparison with classical cluster models and word n-gram models at the same model size. Our analysis shows that the high-performance of the ACM lies in the asymmetry of the model.
Enantiopure N-Acyldihydropyridones as Synthetic Intermediates: The First Asymmetric Synthesis of trans-Decahydroquinoline Alkaloid (+)-219A (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantiopure N-Acyldihydropyridones as Synthetic Intermediates: The First Asymmetric Synthesis of trans-Decahydroquinoline Alkaloid (+)-219ADaniel L. Comins and Ali DehghaniCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 4, 794–795Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00109a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00109a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views573Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
FACTORS INFLUENCING WEIGHT GAIN AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION (1993)

Weight gain following renal transplantation occurs frequently but has not been investigated quantitatively. A retrospective chart review of 115 adult renal transplant recipients was used to describe patterns of weight gain during the first 5 years after transplantation. Only 23 subjects (21%) were overweight before their transplant. Sixty-six subjects (57%) experienced a weight gain of greater than or equal to 10%, and 49 subjects (43%) were overweight according to Metropolitan relative weight criteria at 1 year after transplantation. There was an inverse correlation between advancing age and weight gain, with the youngest patients (18-29 years) having a 13.3% weight gain and the oldest patients (age greater than 50 years) having the lowest gain of 8.3% at 1 year (P = 0.047). Black recipients experienced a greater weight gain than whites during the first posttransplant year (14.6% vs. 9.0%; P = 0.043), and maintained or increased this difference over the 5-year period. Men and women experienced comparable weight gain during the first year (9.5% vs. 12.1%), but women continued to gain weight throughout the 5-year study (21.0% total weight gain). The men remained stable after the first year (10.8% total weight gain). Recipients who experienced at least a 10% weight gain also increased their serum cholesterol (mean 261 vs. 219) and triglyceride (mean 277 vs. 159) levels significantly, whereas those without weight gain did not. Weight gain did not correlate with cumulative steroid dose, donor source (living-related versus cadaver), rejection history, pre-existing obesity, the number of months on dialysis before transplantation, or posttransplant renal function. Posttransplant weight gain is related mainly to demographic factors, not to treatment factors associated with the transplant. The average weight gain during the first year after renal transplantation is approximately 10%. This increased weight, coupled with changes in lipid metabolism, may be significant in terms of altering risk from cardiovascular morbidity.
Guinea pig pulmonary hypertension caused by cigarette smoke cannot be explained by capillary bed destruction (1997)

Yamato, H., J. P. Sun, A. Churg, and J. L. Wright.Guinea pig pulmonary hypertension caused by cigarette smoke cannot be explained by capillary bed destruction. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1644–1653, 1997.—Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke is known to produce pulmonary hypertension in humans and in animal models, but the etiology of this process is controversial. To evaluate whether alterations in the structure of the pulmonary capillary bed or the peribronchiolar arterioles could be correlated with the pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), we examined the pulmonary vasculature in guinea pigs that had developed pulmonary hypertension after being exposed to cigarette smoke for 6 mo. The smoke-exposed animals had a significant increased Ppa compared with the control (air-exposed) animals (14.4 ± 2.4 vs. 9.9 ± 0.9 cmH 2 O). In the smoke-exposed animals, there was an increased percentage of muscularized peribronchiolar arterioles (33.5 ± 5.8% smoke exposed vs. 56.1 ± 5.8% control), and the capillary diameter and density were significantly decreased in both the center and periphery of the lobule (center diameter 8.8 ± 1.9, periphery diameter 10.0 ± 2.0 μm, center density 79 ± 5, and periphery density 84 ± 4 in smoked exposed vs. center diameter 7.7 ± 1.9, periphery diameter 8.6 ± 2.0 μm, center density 73 ± 6, and periphery density 77 ± 6 in controls). Neither group showed any correlation between these values and the Ppa. We conclude that although chronic exposure to cigarette smoke produces alteration of the capillary bed and pulmonary arterioles secondary to emphysematous air-space enlargement, these structural findings cannot explain the increase in Ppa. It appears that pulmonary hypertension due to chronic cigarette smoke exposure is a result of a primary alteration of capillary or muscular arteriolar vascular structure but instead may be secondary to alterations of the dynamic properties of the vascular bed with subsequent increase in vascular resistance.
Interpretation of Frictional-Force Microscopy Images Based on the Two-Dimensional Stick-Slip Motion of the Tip Atom (1996)

Frictional-force microscopy (FFM) images of graphite are calculated by a numerical simulation using a static model. We find that a remarkable transition of the FFM image pattern occurs depending on the cantilever stiffness. This image transition is interpreted based on the two-dimensional stick-slip motion of the tip atom. It is clarified that the frictional force image pattern reflects two kinds of tip atom motion: 1) straight motion and 2) zigzag motion.
Services-Oriented CRM System and Enabling Technologies for Insurance Enterprises (2009)

Based on the analysis of customer relationship management(CRM) and information management requirements for insurance enterprises, this paper puts forward a service-oriented CRM framework for insurance enterprises and analysis the composition of the system, which includes resource base layer, system supporting layer, function service layer, services integration layer, business process layer and application presentation layer. Based on above research, some enabling technologies for realizing the service-oriented CRM system for insurance enterprises are deeply studied, including CRM data analysis and process technologies based on data warehouse, service-oriented system integration technologies for CRM etc, and these realization technologies and approaches are provided.
Antimicrobial Edible Films and Coatings for Fresh and Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables: A Review (2011)

The use of edible films and coatings is an environmentally friendly technology that offers substantial advantages for shelf-life increase of many food products including fruits and vegetables. The development of new natural edible films and coatings with the addition of antimicrobial compounds to preserve fresh and minimally processed fruits and vegetables is a technological challenge for the industry and a very active research field worldwide. Antimicrobial agents have been successfully added to edible composite films and coatings based on polysaccharides or proteins such as starch, cellulose derivatives, chitosan, alginate, fruit puree, whey protein isolated, soy protein, egg albumen, wheat gluten, or sodium caseinate. This paper reviews the development of edible films and coatings with antimicrobial activity, typically through the incorporation of antimicrobial food additives as ingredients, the effect of these edible films on the control of target microorganisms, the influence of antimicrobial agents on mechanical and barrier properties of stand-alone edible films, and the effect of the application of antimicrobial edible coatings on the quality of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.
Pivotal Role of TNF-α in the Development and Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Murine Model (2017)

Previously, we have shown that the adipocyte-specific nuclear form of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (nSREBP-1c) transgenic mice spontaneously developed hepatic lesions that are similar to those of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with a concomitant elevation of plasma TNF-α. In this study, we analyzed the role of TNF-α in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We established a Tnf knockout nSREBP-1c transgenic mouse line. Glucose tolerance and liver histology were examined at the age of 20 weeks. The gene expression and protein levels were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The Tnf knockout improved glucose tolerance and significantly reduced the prevalence of hepatic steatosis (20% vs. 100%, p<0.0001) and fibrosis (15% vs. 65%, p=0.0057). The expressions of Acaca, Scd1, Mcp1, Tgfb1, Col1a1, and Timp1 were increased in the liver from the original nSREBP-1c transgenic mice. However, gene upregulation was reduced in the livers from the Tnf(-/-) nSREBP-1c transgenic mice. Furthermore, the hepatic levels of TIMP1 protein were increased in the original nSREBP-1c transgenic mice but not in Tnf(-/-) nSREBP-1c transgenic mice. To assess the direct effect of TNF-α on the expression of the genes, we cultured primary hepatocytes in the presence of TNF-α and found that TNF-α increased the expression of Mcp1, Tgfb1, and Timp1 in hepatocytes. These observations indicate that TNF-α plays a pivotal role in the development of NAFLD and progression to NASH through upregulating key molecules associated with lipid metabolism, inflammatory cytokines, and fibrosis in the liver.
Method for On-Line Determination of Underdeposit Corrosion Rates in Cooling Water Systems (1995)

A new electrochemical method capable of in situ, time-resolved determination of mild steel underdeposit corrosion rates was developed. Monitors suitable for laboratory study and field applications were built and tested. Results showed the method could be used to determine metal corrosion rates under tubercles in the presence of commonly used cooling water treatment chemistries accurately and reliably. Using the monitors, treatment performance with respect to localized corrosion of mild steel could be demonstrated quantitatively.