gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Communication Delays on Secondary Frequency Control in an Islanded Microgrid (2014)

Low-bandwidth communication channels are used to support the information exchange between a microgrid centralized controller and local controllers in the secondary frequency control of an islanded microgrid. However, the impact of the inherent time delay in these communication channels on the microgrid performance has not been taken into account when the secondary frequency controller is designed. This paper investigates the effect of the communication delays on the secondary frequency control of an islanded microgrid with multiple distributed generators. A small-signal model-based method is introduced for the microgrid to find delay margins below which the microgrid can remain stable. By performing a series of trial studies, the relationships between secondary frequency control gains and delay margins are obtained. A gain scheduling approach is also proposed to compensate the effect of the communication delay on the secondary frequency control. Results from the Canadian urban distribution system have verified that communication delays can adversely affect the microgrid secondary frequency control, and the proposed gain scheduling approach can improve the robustness of the microgrid secondary frequency controller to communication delays.
Theory and Practice of Plating on Plastics (1969)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Plating on plastics is a commercial operation, yet it is not known why metals adhere to plastics. Two leading theories emphasize mechanical and chemical bonding; these are discussed and related to the formulation of chemical etchants. Pull test adhesion values are related to the effect of etchants on ABS and polypropylene surfaces. The three principal methods for plating on plastics are then outlined.</div>
Statistics of thermal and laser radiation (1965)

The random fluctuations of a signal constitute noise. Their magnitude which depends on the signal statistics may be significant in laser radiation. In this paper the statistics of thermal or incoherent radiation are briefly compared with those from an amplitude stabilized laser and the amplitude probability density of the uncoupled multimodal laser field is derived.
Architectural Issues in Supporting Ad-hoc Collaboration with Wearable Computers (2007)

This paper reports our experiences in developing Proem, an open software framework for building applications that support ad-hoc collaboration of wearable users. We discuss common tasks of such applications and identify a set of common services to be provided by a future collaboration framework. We propose a concrete collaboration architecture and discuss its properties. INTRODUCTION The use of communication technologies like phone, fax and email has become commonplace. Despite this fact most social interactions between individuals still occur when we meet people face-to-face, i.e. when we are in other peoples&apos; immediate physical proximity, can talk to them, hear their voice, and when we have a chance to look into people&apos;s eyes or observe their gestures. Many face-to-face conversations with other people are actually the result of chance encounters, i.e. situations where we meet someone unexpectedly, for example in a hallway or an elevator. A large majority of the people we encounter...
Left Atrial Flutter After Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Focal Atrial Fibrillation (2003)

We report an arrhythmic complication in two patients in whom a procedure directed at isolating one or two pulmonary veins had been performed. The complication was related to pulmonary vein disconnection scars after ablation. Both patients developed new clinical tachycardia (atypical atrial flutter) secondary to a reentrant phenomena in the vicinity of a previously ablated pulmonary vein.
Hog Waste Disposal by Lagooning (1965)

A two-year field investigation and laboratory testing program has proven that a modified anaerobic lagoon can be used successfully for the disposal of confinement-fed hog waste. A loading rate of 275 feeder hogs per acre at an average depth of 5 ft provides for odor-free operation with a minimum of maintenance and a long operational life. The total containment design without an overflow or discharge eliminates the necessity for a receiving stream or secondary treatment but may require a special make-up water source. The system uses single stage anaerobic digestion (liquefaction) combined with a massive heterotrophic growth of algae (Chlorella sp.). A by-product, harvested algae for use as a feed additive, is an indicated possibility. Other included design factors are the chemical constituents and fertilizer values of hog waste. An interesting side-effect is the measurable antibiotic action of the waste caused by a carry-over of antibiotics from the feed. This was found to completely prevent digestion of undiluted waste and caused complete failure of the 5-day BOD test.
Fast Responding Exhaled-Breath Sensors Using WO<sub>3</sub> Hemitubes Functionalized by Graphene-Based Electronic Sensitizers for Diagnosis of Diseases (2014)

Diagnostic sensing device using exhaled breath of human have critical advantages due to the noninvasive diagnosis and high potential for portable device with simple analysis process. Here, we report ultrafast as well as highly sensitive bumpy WO3 hemitube nanostructure assisted by O2 plasma surface modification with functionalization of graphene-based material for the detection of acetone (CH3COCH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) which are biomarkers for the diagnosis of diabetes and halitosis, respectively. 0.1 wt % graphene oxide (GO)- and 0.1 wt % thin layered graphite (GR)- WO3 hemitube composites showed response times of 11.5 ± 2.5 s and 13.5 ± 3.4 s to 1 ppm acetone as well as 12.5 ± 1.9 s and 10.0 ± 1.6 s to 1 ppm of H2S, respectively. In addition, low limits of detection (LOD) of 100 ppb (Rair/Rgas = 1.7 for acetone and Rair/Rgas = 3.3 for H2S at 300 °C) were achieved. The superior sensing properties were ascribed to the electronic sensitization of graphene based materials by modulating space charged layers at the interfaces between n-type WO3 hemitubes and p-type graphene based materials, as identified by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). Rapid response and superior sensitivity of the proposed sensing materials following cyclic thermal aging demonstrates good potential for real-time exhaled breath diagnosis of diseases.
Recent progress on polymer-based fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors (2010)

Recently, fluorescent or colorimetric chemosensors based on polymers have attracted great attention due to several important advantages, such as their simplicity of use, signal amplification, easy fabrication into devices, and combination of different outputs, etc. This tutorial review will cover polymer-based optical chemosensors from 2007 to 2010.
Functional Mechanism of the Abscisic Acid Agonist Pyrabactin (2010)

Pyrabactin is a synthetic abscisic acid (ABA) agonist that selectively inhibits seed germination. The use of pyrabactin was pivotal in the identification of the PYR1/PYL/RCAR family (PYL) of proteins as the ABA receptor. Although they both act through PYL proteins, pyrabactin and ABA share no apparent chemical or structural similarity. It remains unclear how pyrabactin functions as an ABA agonist. Here, we report the crystal structure of pyrabactin in complex with PYL1 at 2.4 A resolution. Structural and biochemical analyses revealed that recognition of pyrabactin by the pocket residues precedes the closure of switch loop CL2. Structural comparison between pyrabactin- and ABA-bound PYL1 reveals a general principle in the arrangements of function groups of the two distinct ligands. The study provides a framework for the development of novel ABA agonists that may have applicable potentials in agriculture.
For It Is In Giving That We Receive (1987)

Our colleague, Sharon, wanted to die at her camp far away from hospitals and machines. Helping her to die demonstrated how caring is a reciprocal process. As we gave Sharon help and support, wereceived much in return. Sharon helped us to grow as we coped with her dying. This anecdotal story describes specific caring behaviors and communication skills used by the team members to help Sharon and each other grow during the terminal stages of her illness.
Fcast multicast file distribution (2000)

Reliable data multicast is problematic. ACK/NACK schemes do not scale to large audiences, and simple data replication wastes network bandwidth. Fcast, "file multicasting", combines multicast with forward error correction to address both these problems. Like classic multicast, Fcast scales to large audiences, and like other FEC schemes, it uses bandwidth very efficiently. Some of the benefits of this combination were known previously, but Fcast contributes new caching methods that improve disk throughput, and new optimizations for small file transfers. This article describes Fcast's design, implementation, and API.
South Africa's political miracle: The international dimension (2000)

(2000). South Africa's political miracle: The international dimension. South African Journal of International Affairs: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 51-71.
Wavelength and orientation dependent capture of light by diatom frustule nanostructures (2015)

The ecological success of diatoms is emphasized by regular blooms of many different species in all aquatic systems, but the reason behind their success is not fully understood. A special feature of the diatom cell is the frustule, a nano-patterned cell encasement made of amorphous biosilica. The optical properties of a cleaned single valve (one half of a frustule) from the diatom Coscinodiscus centralis were studied using confocal micro-spectroscopy. A photonic crystal function in the frustule was observed, and analysis of the hyperspectral mapping revealed an enhancement of transmitted light around 636 and 663 nm. These wavelengths match the absorption maxima of chlorophyll a and c, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrate that a highly efficient light trapping mechanism occurred, resulting from strong asymmetry between the cribrum and foramen pseudo-periodic structures. This effect may prevent transmitted light from being backscattered and in turn enhance the light absorption. Based on our results, we hypothesize that the multi-scaled layered structure of the frustule improves photosynthetic efficiency by these three mechanisms. The optical properties of the frustule described here may contribute to the ecological success of diatoms in both lentic and marine ecosystems, and should be studies further in vivo.
Morphology and rheological properties of silica‐filled poly(carbonate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends (2014)

The effect of silica nanoparticles on the morphology and the rheological properties was investigated in the immiscible polymer blend poly(carbonate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PC/PMMA). In the melt state, the linear viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposite showed a reduction effect of the silica nanoparticles on the mobility of one of the polymer which is related to the state of distribution of the silica nanoparticles. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic silica particles were used to study particle migration and their effects on the morphology and it was shown that the distribution of the nanoparticles depends on the balance of interactions between the surface of the particles and the polymer components. The effect on the coarsening kinetics was investigated in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic silica‐filled blends. Compared to the hydrophilic silica, a better compatibilization can be obtained by introducing the hydrophobic silica particles at the PC/PMMA interface as the solid barrier. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:1951–1959, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
Chronic norovirus gastroenteritis in a double hematopoietic stem cell and lung transplant recipient (2010)

N. Boillat Blanco, R. Kuonen, C. Bellini, O. Manuel, C. Estrade, J. Mazza‐Stalder, J.D. Aubert, R. Sahli, P. Meylan. Chronic norovirus gastroenteritis in a double hematopoietic stem cell and lung transplant recipient. Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 213–215. All rights reserved
Vision based gesture recognition system with single camera (2002)

In the field of virtual reality and interactive graphics, communication between human and computer becomes more and more important. This paper describes a real-time system for human-computer interaction through gesture recognition and hand tracking. Stable detection can be achieved by extracting two kinds of features: statistic-based feature and contour-based feature. Unlike most of the previous works, our system recognizes the hand gesture with just one camera, thus avoiding the problem of matching image features between different views. This system can serve as a natural and convenient user input device, replacing the mouse and trackball. Some of the applications that can demonstrate the benefits of the system are given.
Hardware In the Loop for VDM-Real Time Modeling of Embedded Systems (2014)

This paper introduces a generic solution for gradually moving from a model of an embedded system to include embedded hardware and software components into the simulation of the model. Our technique enables combined execution (co-execution) of system components models expressed in the VDM-RT formalism with actual hardware/software realizations through the application of Hardware In the Loop (HIL) simulation. Introducing such component realizations in the simulation increases the fidelity of the simulation outcome, thus enabling improved prediction of properties for the system realization.
Electro-thermally actuated microgrippers with integrated force-feedback (2005)

Microfabricated grippers and tweezers are promising tools for manipulation of micro- and nanoscale objects. As with ordinary macroscale grippers, the ability to sense the forces involved in grabbing would be advantageous for controlling the operation as well as for measuring the mechanical properties of the grabbed object. A simple design is presented for an electro-thermally actuated microfabricated gripper capable of providing a piezoresistive read-out of the gripper deflection, which can be used to measure the forces applied to the grabbed object. Measurements of actuation of test devices are presented and found to be in reasonable agreement with expected values. Finally, piezoresistive measurements of the gripper deflection are demonstrated.
Fiber Recovery with Chain Flail Delimbing/Debarking and Chipping of Hybrid Poplar (2000)

This study determined how much wood was potentially available from short rotation hybrid poplar, and how much was actually recovered when trees were delimbed and debarked with chain flails and chipped. 31 groups of five trees each were measured and then processed. 

For trees larger than 50 kg total dry weight, potentially recoverable wood averaged 75% of total weight. Over 95% of this wood was converted into chips. Losses due to breakage by the flails, which show up in the bark discharge, amounted to 0.8 dry kg per tree and were relatively independent of tree size. Chipper reject wood losses averaged 2.3 dry kg per tree, but increased in almost direct proportion to tree size, from 1.2 kg for 50 kg trees, to 3.2 kg for 120 kg trees. 

For trees less than 50 kg total dry weight, potentially recoverable wood fraction was highly variable _ from 50 to 75% of total weight. Because of breakage of small stems by the flail, wood recovery was also relatively low, ranging from 40 to 95%. Most of the wood loss for smaller trees showed up in the bark discharge rather than as chipper rejects. 

For larger trees, the chipper rejects represent the biggest opportunity for improving the recovery of wood fiber. Sharp chipper knives appear to be important for minimiz ing losses. Beyond that, it is not clear whether wood in the chipper rejects is the result of bole damage by the flail or chipper design characteristics.
THE VALUE OF RECTAL BIOPSY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS<sup>1</sup> (1961)

Journal Article THE VALUE OF RECTAL BIOPSY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS1 Get access S. G. FLAVELL MATTS S. G. FLAVELL MATTS Southmead and Frenchay Hospitals The Royal HospitalWolverhampton Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Volume 30, Issue 4, October 1961, Pages 393–407, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a066953 Published: 01 October 1961 Article history Received: 17 February 1961 Published: 01 October 1961
Cortico‐basal ganglia mechanisms for overcoming innate, habitual and motivational behaviors (2011)

Most of the human behaviors are executed automatically under familiar circumstances. These behaviors are prepotent in that they take precedence over any other potential alternatives. Yet, humans are also capable of engaging cognitive resources to inhibit such a prepotent behavior and replace it with an alternative controlled behavior in response to an unforeseen situation. This remarkable capability to switch behaviors in a short period of time is the hallmark of executive functions. In this article, we first argue that the prepotent automaticity could emerge at least in three different domains - innate, habitual and motivational. We then review neurophysiological findings on how the brain might realize its switching functions in each domain, primarily by focusing on the monkey oculomotor system as the experimental model. Emerging evidence now suggests that multiple neuronal populations in the shared cortico-basal ganglia network contribute to overriding prepotent eye movement, be its origin innate, habitual or motivational. This consideration suggests the general versatility of the cortico-basal ganglia network as the neural mechanism whereby humans and other animals keep themselves from becoming subservient to reflex, habit and motivational impulses.
Ribbon-to-Fiber Transformation in the Process of Spinning of Carbon-Nanotube Dispersion (2006)

We describe a phenomenon of ribbon-to-fiber transformation observed in the process of spinning of single wall carbon nanotubes dispersed in polymer solutions. In the process of spinning, a gel-like ribbon comprised of nanotube bundles bound by polymer is withdrawn from a solvent bath. We show that upon crossing the liquid-air interface, the ribbon may either retain its flat shape or fold into a compact hairlike fiber. The ribbon-to-fiber transformation is caused by the capillary action of the liquid meniscus embracing the ribbon. Only sufficiently stiff ribbons can withhold the capillary compression. The critical conditions of folding, as well as the number of folds in the contractive ribbon, depend on the ribbon width, its flexural rigidity, and the solvent surface tension. We show that the ribbon rigidity can be efficiently modulated by varying the solvent composition, allowing us to control the pore structure of carbon-nanotube fibers.
Hydroxylamine Seeding of Colloidal Au Nanoparticles in Solution and on Surfaces (1998)

A new route to the synthesis of colloidal Au nanoparticles with diameters between 30 and 100 nm is described. On the basis of surface-catalyzed reduction of Au3+ by NH2OH, the approach grows existing nanoparticles into larger particles of a size determined solely by the initial particle diameter and the amount of Au3+ added. The resulting particles exhibit improved monodispersity relative to those prepared in one step by the reduction of Au3+ by citrate. Importantly, surface-confined colloidal Au nanoparticles can also be enlarged by this method, providing an attractive route to colloidal Au monolayers with variable interparticle spacing (at fixed particle coverage).
Coercivity and frequency dependence of track widths and erase bands in thin film media (1998)

To understand the data track width, erase bands and the total write width as a function of coercivity and frequency in thin film media, a systematic study was conducted based on triple track profile (TPF) technique using pseudo random sequences (PRS TPF). Frequency harmonics of PRS up to 200 kfci were analyzed to reveal the frequency dependence of the track edge effects. Thin film disks used in this study have coercivities from 1766 Oe to 2878 Oe. Single frequency recording (SF TPF) and MFM (magnetic force microscopy) were utilized for comparison. Regardless of the nonlinear track edge effects, PRS TPF and SF TPF show good correlation over a wide coercivity and frequency range.
Transdifferentiation of Human Peripheral Blood CD34 <sup>+</sup> -Enriched Cell Population Into Cardiomyocytes, Endothelial Cells, and Smooth Muscle Cells In Vivo (2003)

Adult peripheral blood CD34+ cells can transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes, mature endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells in vivo. However, transdifferentiation is augmented significantly by local tissue injury. The use of peripheral blood CD34+ cells for cell-based therapy should greatly simplify the procurement of cells for the regeneration of damaged myocardium.
Electrospun nanofibre fibrinogen for urinary tract tissue reconstruction (2007)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that human bladder smooth muscle cells (HBSM) remodel electrospun fibrinogen mats. Fibrinogen scaffolds were electrospun and disinfected using standard methods. Scaffolds were seeded with 5 x 10(4) HBSM per scaffold. Cultures were supplemented with aprotinin concentrations of 0 KIU ml(-1) (no aprotinin), 100 KIU ml(-1) or 1000 KIU ml(-1) and incubated with twice weekly media changes. Samples were removed for evaluation at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. Cultured scaffolds were evaluated with a WST-1 cell proliferation assay, scanning electron microscopy and histology. Cell culture demonstrated that HBSM readily migrated into and initiated remodelling of the electrospun fibrinogen scaffolds by deposition of collagen. Proliferation was suppressed during this initial phase with respect to a 2D control due to cell migration. Histology confirmed that proliferation increased during the later stages of remodelling. Remodelling was slower at higher aprotinin concentrations. These results demonstrate that HBSM rapidly remodel an electrospun fibrinogen scaffold and deposit native collagen. The process can be modulated using aprotinin, a protease inhibitor. These initial findings indicate that there is tremendous potential for electrospun fibrinogen as a urologic tissue engineering scaffold with the ultimate goal of producing an implantable acellular product that would promote cellular in-growth and in situ tissue regeneration.
Significance of Biopersistence in Relation to Pathogenic Effects in Humans: Environmental Asbestotic Pleural Plaques in Northeast Corsica: Correlations with Airborne and Pleural Mineralogic Analysis (1994)

We report a prevalence study of environmental pleural plaques in subjects over 50 years old from the northeastern Corsican village of Murato, built on asbestos surface deposits. The percentage of plaques was 41%, versus 7.5% in the control village of Vezzani. Although surface deposits contain both chrysotile and tremolite, airborne pollution and asbestos lung burden of exposed inhabitants consist essentially of tremolite as assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, TEM analysis of the parietal pleura of three animals bred in exposed areas showed a predominance of short fibers of chrysotile. The respective roles of tremolite and chrysotile in inducing pleural plaques in Corsica should thus be considered.—Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 5):251–252 (1994)