gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-field and geometry effects in transport current applications of multifilamentary bi-2223/ag conductors (2003)

This paper describes quantitatively the influence of the self-field and the cross-sectional geometry on the effective critical current and the ac losses in transport current applications of nontwisted multifilamentary Bi-2223/Ag conductors. The results are obtained with finite-element method simulations. The numerical implementation includes an anisotropic model for the dependence of the critical current density J/sub c/ and the power index n on the local parallel and perpendicular magnetic field components. The relation is given between the intrinsic critical current density and the effective critical current for different multifilamentary conductors. Shown are examples of the current and magnetic flux density distributions in order to demonstrate their effect on the ac losses in self-field.
On Linear Receivers for Digital Transmission Systems (1974)

Two main classes of receivers for data modems using linear modulation systems over time-dispersive channels have been investigated by many authors for both theoretical and practical purposes, 1) structure-constrained linear receivers, such as zeroforcing and mean-square-error tapped-delay-line equalizers, and 2) nonlinear receivers, such as decision-feedback equalizers and maximum likelihood sequence estimators. In this paper a linear receiver that turns out to be practical and optimum in the mean-square sense is analyzed in detail, and some interesting features of this receiver are stressed; for instance, it is shown that in the absence of noise it becomes a zero-forcing equalizer, provided that stability can be achieved. A comprehensive set of results is also presented, showing that conventional tapped-delay-line equalizers perform very close to the optimum.
Fatty-acid binding protein 4 gene variants and childhood obesity: potential implications for insulin sensitivity and CRP levels (2010)

Childhood obesity is associated with higher FABP4 levels that may promote cardiometabolic risk. The presence of selective SNPs in the FABP4 gene may account for increased risk for insulin resistance or systemic inflammation in the context of obesity.
Over-Attenuated Components Regeneration for Speech Enhancement (2010)

Despite the quality improvement of the speech signal with most traditional noise reduction (TNR) algorithms, the output is always distorted to some extent due to the over-attenuation of speech components. Weak speech components are usually regarded as noise in noise reduction processing and are therefore highly suppressed. In this paper, we propose a postprocessing technique which is based on the regeneration of both the voiced and unvoiced speech in the entire frequency domain to reduce this problem. A nonlinear transform is first applied to obtain the excitation signal, and a smooth envelope is then estimated. To utilize the information of the clean speech contained in the envelope, we combine the original TNR filter output with a weighted product of the excitation signal and the estimated envelope to generate the final synthesized speech. The synthesized speech is quite close to the clean speech and is more natural-sounding. Moreover, our algorithm can mask the residual musical noise effectively with the regenerated speech components. Experimental results demonstrate the excellent performance of our algorithm. In addition, we introduce two novel objective measures and further show the efficiency of our algorithm in maintaining the clean speech while reducing the noise as much as possible.
Assoziationsverhalten von Stannatranen (1980)

Abstract Es wird über einige neue Stannatrane und Thiostannatrane berichtet und gezeigt, daß die 1‐Alkylstannatrane in unpolaren Lösungsmitteln zu relativ stabilen trimeren Einheiten assoziieren. In wäßriger Lösung zeigt 1‐Methylstannatran keine Selbstassoziation. 1‐t‐Butylstannatran, 1‐o‐Tolylstannatran und 1‐Alkylthiostannatrane sind in allen Lösungsmitteln monomer. Das Assoziationsverhalten wird durch Molekulargewichtsbestimmung und 1 H‐, 13 C‐ und 119 Sn‐NMR‐Messungen charakterisiert.
Epidemiology of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in a Central Canadian Province: A Population-based Study (1999)

The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and utility of administrative health data in identifying persons with inflammatory bowel disease on a population basis and to determine the incidence and prevalence of this disease in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The data from Manitoba Health (the province's single insurer) were used to identify residents with physician and/or hospital contacts for Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes between 1984 and 1995. Of 5,182 eligible individuals, 4,514 were mailed questionnaires and 2,725 responded. Cases were defined as individuals with five or more separate medical contacts with one of these diagnoses or three or more such contacts if they were resident for less than 2 years. The accuracy of the study case definitions was high when compared with either self-report or chart review. The 1989-1994 age- and sex-adjusted annual incidence was 14.6/100,000 for Crohn's disease and 14.3/100,000 for ulcerative colitis. The prevalence of Crohn's disease in 1994 was 198.5/100,000, and that of ulcerative colitis was 169.7/100,000. In conclusion, the authors have successfully established and validated a population-based database of inflammatory bowel disease based on administrative data. The high incidence rates and dynamic epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Manitoba indicate the presence of important environmental risk factors, which warrants further investigation.
The Politics of Protest Collections: Developing Social Action Archives (1987)

In this article, the term politics is used in a broad sense to suggest that there are definite, though not always explicit, assumptions and values affecting the nature and extent of the documentary record preserved on social movements in this era. Though of main concern in this discussion is how values affect the collecting of materials on radical social change, the value systems under which archivists operate affect any kind of collecting endeavor.
Low-noise diode-pumped intracavity-doubled laser with off-axially cut Nd:YVO_4 (1994)

Effective noise reduction in a diode-pumped intracavity-doubled Nd:YVO(4) laser is achieved with a novel cavity design in which a birefringent filter is formed with off-axially cut Nd:YVO(4) and KTP. 20-mW green output with relative intensity noise of less than -120 dB/Hz was obtained under 290-mW pumping by a broad-area laser diode.
Inhibition of DNA synthesis in SV3T3 cultures by isolated 3T3 plasma membranes. (1983)

3T3 plasma membranes were added to subconfluent cultures of SV3T3 cells in the presence of fusogens. If this protocol results in the introduction into the SV3T3 cell membrane of 3T3 plasma membrane components responsible for density-dependent inhibition of growth, then the SV3T3 cell cultures would be expected to show decreased rates of DNA synthesis as they approach confluence. Results of these experiments indicate that rates of DNA synthesis in SV3T3 cultures so treated were as much as 63% less than in untreated controls. This effect could not be attributed to the fusogens or to the 3T3 plasma membranes alone. This growth-inhibitory effect is specific for 3T3 membranes and is not observed when SV3T3 plasma membranes are fused with SV3T3 cell cultures. These data support the hypothesis that one aspect of the loss of density-dependent inhibition of growth in SV3T3 cells is a deletion or alteration in plasma membrane components and, further, that density-dependent inhibition of growth can be in part restored to SV3T3 cell cultures by fusing the cells with 3T3 plasma membranes.
Variational Wasserstein gradient flow (2021)

Wasserstein gradient flow has emerged as a promising approach to solve optimization problems over the space of probability distributions. A recent trend is to use the well-known JKO scheme in combination with input convex neural networks to numerically implement the proximal step. The most challenging step, in this setup, is to evaluate functions involving density explicitly, such as entropy, in terms of samples. This paper builds on the recent works with a slight but crucial difference: we propose to utilize a variational formulation of the objective function formulated as maximization over a parametric class of functions. Theoretically, the proposed variational formulation allows the construction of gradient flows directly for empirical distributions with a well-defined and meaningful objective function. Computationally, this approach replaces the computationally expensive step in existing methods, to handle objective functions involving density, with inner loop updates that only require a small batch of samples and scale well with the dimension. The performance and scalability of the proposed method are illustrated with the aid of several numerical experiments involving high-dimensional synthetic and real datasets.
Human Retroviral Host Restriction Factors APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F Localize to mRNA Processing Bodies (2006)

APOBEC3G is an antiviral host factor capable of inhibiting the replication of both exogenous and endogenous retroviruses as well as hepatitis B, a DNA virus that replicates through an RNA intermediate. To gain insight into the mechanism whereby APOBEC3G restricts retroviral replication, we investigated the subcellular localization of the protein. Herein, we report that APOBEC3G localizes to mRNA processing (P) bodies, cytoplasmic compartments involved in the degradation and storage of nontranslating mRNAs. Biochemical analysis revealed that APOBEC3G localizes to a ribonucleoprotein complex with other P-body proteins which have established roles in cap-dependent translation (eIF4E and eIF4E-T), translation suppression (RCK/p54), RNA interference-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing (AGO2), and decapping of mRNA (DCP2). Similar analysis with other APOBEC3 family members revealed a potential link between the localization of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F to a common ribonucleoprotein complex and P-bodies with potent anti-HIV-1 activity. In addition, we present evidence suggesting that an important role for HIV-1 Vif, which subverts both APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F antiviral function by inducing their degradation, could be to selectively remove these proteins from and/or restrict their localization to P-bodies. Taken together, the results of this study reveal a novel link between innate immunity against retroviruses and P-bodies suggesting that APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F could function in the context of P-bodies to restrict HIV-1 replication.
Detection of polychlorinated biphenyl degradation genes in polluted sediments by direct DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (1993)

It was the aim of this study to specifically detect the DNA sequences for the bphC gene, the meta-cleavage enzyme of the aerobic catabolic pathway for biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyl degradation, in aquatic sediments without prior cultivation of microorganisms by using extraction of total DNA, PCR amplification of bphC sequences, and detection with specific gene probes. The direct DNA extraction protocol used was modified to enhance lysis efficiency. Crude extracts of DNA were further purified by gel filtration, which yielded DNA that could be used for the PCR. PCR primers were designed for conserved regions of the bphC gene from a sequence alignment of five known sequences. The specificity of PCR amplification was verified by using digoxigenin-labeled DNA probes which were located internal to the amplified gene sequence. The detection limit for the bphC gene of Pseudomonas paucimobilis Q1 and Pseudomonas sp. strain LB400 was 100 cells per g (wet weight) or approximately five copies of the target sequence per PCR reaction mixture. In total-DNA extracts of aerobic top layers of sediment samples obtained from three different sampling sites along the Elbe River, which has a long history of anthropogenic pollution, Pseudomonas sp. strain LB 400-like sequences for the bphC gene were detected, but P. paucimobilis Q1 sequences were not detected. No bphC sequences were detected in an unpolluted lake sediment. A restriction analysis did not reveal any heterogeneity in the PCR product, and the possibility that sequences highly related to the bphC gene (namely, nahC and todE) were present was excluded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cyano Compounds, Inorganic (2011)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Hydrogen Cyanide 1.1. Properties 1.2. Production 1.2.1. Andrussow Process 1.2.2. Methane ‐ Ammonia (BMA) Process 1.2.3. Shawinigan Process 1.3. Storage and Transportation 1.4. Economic Aspects and Uses 2. Metal Cyanides 2.1. Alkali Metal Cyanides 2.1.1. Properties 2.1.2. Production 2.1.2.1. Classical Production Processes 2.1.2.2. Current Production Processes 2.1.2.3. Energy Consumption 2.1.3. Packaging and Transport 2.1.4. Responsible Care, Product Stewardship, Sustainable Development, Certification 2.1.5. Emissions and Consumptions 2.1.6. Quality Specifications, Impurities 2.1.7. Uses 2.1.7.1. Gold Mining 2.1.7.2. Chemical Synthesis 2.1.7.3. Electroplating of Metals 2.1.7.4. Hardening of Metals 2.1.8. 2.2. Alkaline Earth Metal Cyanides 2.3. Heavy‐Metal Cyanides 2.3.1. Iron Cyanides 2.3.1.1. Properties 2.3.1.2. Production 2.3.1.3. Commercial Forms, Specifications, and Packaging 2.3.2. Cyanides of Copper, Zinc, and Cadmium 2.3.3. Cyanides of Mercury, Lead, Cobalt, and Nickel 2.3.4. Cyanides of Precious Metals 2.4. Cyanide Analysis 3. Detoxification of Cyanide‐Containing Wastes 3.1. Wastewater Treatment 3.2. Solid Wastes 4. Cyanogen Halides 4.1. Properties 4.2. Production 4.3. Storage and Transportation 4.4. Uses 5. Cyanogen 5.1. Properties 5.2. Production 5.3. Storage, Transportation, and Uses 6. Toxicology and Occupational Health
Mesenchymal stem cells in cardiac regeneration: a detailed progress report of the last 6 years (2010–2015) (2016)

Mesenchymal stem cells have been used for cardiovascular regenerative therapy for decades. These cells have been established as one of the potential therapeutic agents, following several tests in animal models and clinical trials. In the process, various sources of mesenchymal stem cells have been identified which help in cardiac regeneration by either revitalizing the cardiac stem cells or revascularizing the arteries and veins of the heart. Although mesenchymal cell therapy has achieved considerable admiration, some challenges still remain that need to be overcome in order to establish it as a successful technique. This in-depth review is an attempt to summarize the major sources of mesenchymal stem cells involved in myocardial regeneration, the significant mechanisms involved in the process with a focus on studies (human and animal) conducted in the last 6 years and the challenges that remain to be addressed.
Rapeseed meal‐glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects Part 4. Goitrogenicity and internal organs abnormalities in animals (1994)

This paper surveys the literature concerning biological properties of rapeseed glucosinolates, chiefly the goitrogenic activity of these compounds and their influence on the morphological and histological abnormalities of internal organs in animals. An attempt has been made to establish threshold glucosinolate levels in diet which trigger the onset or increase of internal organs impairment in animals depending on their species and breeding.
Analysis of dual coupler nested coupled cavities (2017)

Coupled ring resonators are now forming the basic building blocks in several optical systems serving different applications. In many of these applications, a small full width at half maximum is required, along with a large free spectral range. In this work, a configuration of passive coupled cavities constituting dual coupler nested cavities is proposed. A theoretical study of the configuration is presented allowing us to obtain analytical expressions of its different spectral characteristics. The transfer function of the configuration is also used to generate design curves while comparing these results with analytical expressions. Finally, the configuration is compared with other coupled cavity configurations.
Die Jodierung von desaktivierten aromatischen Aminen in wässeriger Phase (1971)

Abstract By treatment of deactivated aromatic amines such as 4‐nitroaniline, 4‐aminobenzonitrile or 2‐bromo‐4‐nitro‐aniline with iodine in water at 90–93° for 30–35 hours, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, monoiodinated products with over 99% purity are obtained in 88–98% yield.
Report on Preservatives (1934)

Journal Article Report on Preservatives Get access John C Krantz, Jr. John C Krantz, Jr. Referee State of Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 17, Issue 2, 15 May 1934, Pages 193–195, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/17.2.193 Published: 21 February 2020
Low Dark Current and High-Speed Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Photodetector on Sulfur-Treated InP (1994)

We report on a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector on sulfur-treated undoped InP. We show that the dark current and capacitance of the sulfur-treated detector are 100 times lower and 30% smaller than those of the untreated detector, respectively. The improved performance of the detector characteristics is understood in terms of Fermi level depinning and the existence of a thin layer of InP x S y between the contact metal and semiconductor due to sulfur treatment. We found that it is necessary to anneal the sulfur-treated substrates at 270°C to obtain such improved device characteristics. The reason is attributed to the formation of thermally stable In–S bonds.
Activation of a caspase 3-related cysteine protease is required for glutamate-mediated apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons (1997)

Neurotoxicity induced by overstimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors is due, in part, to a sustained rise in intracellular Ca2+; however, little is known about the ensuing intracellular events that ultimately result in cell death. Here we show that overstimulation of NMDA receptors by relatively low concentrations of glutamate induces apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and that CGNs do not require new RNA or protein synthesis. Glutamate-induced apoptosis of CGNs is, however, associated with a concentration- and time-dependent activation of the interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme (ICE)/CED-3-related protease, CPP32/Yama/apopain (now designated caspase 3). Further, the time course of caspase 3 activation after glutamate exposure of CGNs parallels the development of apoptosis. Moreover, glutamate-induced apoptosis of CGNs is almost completely blocked by the selective cell permeable tetrapeptide inhibitor of caspase 3, Ac-DEVD-CHO but not by the ICE (caspase 1) inhibitor, Ac-YVAD-CHO. Western blots of cytosolic extracts from glutamate-exposed CGNs reveal both cleavage of the caspase 3 substrate, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, as well as proteolytic processing of pro-caspase 3 to active subunits. Our data demonstrate that glutamate-induced apoptosis of CGNs is mediated by a posttranslational activation of the ICE/CED-3-related cysteine protease caspase 3.
29Si MAS NMR Studies of a High Silica Form of the Novel Molecular Sieve: MCM-22 (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT29Si MAS NMR Studies of a High Silica Form of the Novel Molecular Sieve: MCM-22Gordon J. Kennedy, Stephen L. Lawton, and Mae K. RubinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 24, 11000–11003Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00103a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00103a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views566Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Alternating DNA and π-Conjugated Sequences. Thermophilic Foldable Polymers (2003)

Foldable polymers with alternating single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid and planar conjugated organic perylene tetracarboxylic diimide units were found to self-organize into loosely folded nanostructures. Upon heating, the loosely folded structures become more ordered as evidenced by pi-stacking in the perylene segments. The folding and unfolding processes driven by the molecular interactions of adjacent perylenes were monitored in both aqueous and organic solutions. Heat-promoted folding, or inverse temperature behavior, which originates from positive enthalpy changes, was only observed in water. Therefore, we attributed this inverse temperature dependence to hydrophobic effects rather than pi-pi molecular orbital overlap between the perylene planes. These findings shed light on the design of new thermophiles in protein engineering as well as the construction of macromolecular-based nanodevices with actuator and sensory properties.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the treatment of hypotension (2003)

Pyridostigmine reduces tilt induced hypotension

Assuming an upright posture causes translocation of approximately 800 ml of blood from the intrathoracic venous compartment to veins of the buttocks, pelvis, and legs. The bulk of venous pooling occurs within the first 10 seconds and the total pooling is complete within three to five minutes.1 The normal compensatory cardiovascular response to this orthostatic stress is a neurogenically mediated increase in heart rate and systemic vascular resistance. Patients with autonomic failure do not increase systemic vascular resistance, and the decrease in cardiac output during standing is also significant.1 The resulting cerebral hypoperfusion causes postural lightheadedness, visual blurring, syncope, focal cerebral ischaemia, and even unexplained falls. In these patients orthostatic hypotension may be significantly exacerbated by prolonged recumbency, food or alcohol ingestion, physical exertion, and vasoactive drugs. Patient education directed at avoidance of these …
Phase Equilibria of Chlorofluorocarbon Alternative Refrigerant Mixtures (1999)

Isothermal vapor−liquid equilibrium data were determined for binary systems of difluoromethane/1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-32/HFC-134a), difluoromethane/pentafluoroethane (HFC-32/HFC-125), difluoromethane/1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-32/HFC-143a), and difluoromethane/1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-32/HFC-152a). The vapor and liquid compositions and pressures were measured in a circulation-type apparatus at 303.15 K and 323.15 K. The experimental data were compared with literature results and correlated with the Canahan−Starling−De Santis equation of state within the uncertainty of ±1.0%.