gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Indirubin Treatment of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mastitis in a Mouse Model and Activity in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells (2017)

Indirubin is a Chinese medicine extracted from indigo and known to be effective for treating chronic myelogenous leukemia, neoplasia, and inflammatory disease. This study evaluated the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of indirubin in a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced mouse mastitis model. The indirubin mechanism and targets were evaluated in vitro in mouse mammary epithelial cells. In the mouse model, indirubin significantly attenuated the severity of inflammatory lesions, edema, inflammatory hyperemia, milk stasis and local tissue necrosis, and neutrophil infiltration. Indirubin significantly decreased myeloperoxidase activity and downregulated the production of tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i>, interleukin-1<i>β</i> (IL-1<i>β</i>), and IL-6 caused by LPS. In vitro, indirubin inhibited LPS-stimulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. It also downregulated LPS-induced toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited phosphorylation of LPS-induced nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-<i>κ</i>B) P65 protein and inhibitor of kappa B. In addition to its effect on the NF-<i>κ</i>B signaling pathway, indirubin suppressed the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling by inhibiting phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), P38, and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). Indirubin improved LPS-induced mouse mastitis by suppressing TLR4 and downstream NF-<i>κ</i>B and MAPK pathway inflammatory signals and might be a potential treatment of mastitis and other inflammatory diseases.
Layout regularity for design and manufacturability (2012)

In nowadays nanometer technology nodes, the semiconductor industry has to deal with the new challenges associated to technology scaling. On one hand, process developers face increasing manufacturing cost and variability, but also decreasing manufacturing yield. On the other hand, circuit designers and electronic design automation (EDA) developers have to reduce design turnaround time and provide the tools to cope with increasing design complexity and reduce the time-to-market. In this scenario, closer collaboration between all the actors involved is required. New approaches considering both design and manufacturing need to be explored. These are the so called design for manufacturability (DFM) techniques. A DFM trend that is becoming dominant is to make circuit layouts more regular and repetitive. The regular layout fabrics are based on the configuration of a simplied mask set, therefore reducing the manufacturing cost. Moreover, a reduced number of layout patterns is used, allowing better process variability control and optimization. Hence, regularity reduces layout complexity and therefore design complexity, allowing faster time-to-market. In this thesis, we explore forcing maximum layout regularity focusing on future technology nodes, with increasing design and manufacturability issues, where we expect layout regularity to be mandatory. With this objective, we have developed a new regular layout fabric called Via-Configurable Transistor Array (VCTA). The physical design is fully explained involving layout and geometrical considerations for transistors and interconnects. Initially, VCTA layouts developed manually have been evaluated in terms of manufacturability, but also in terms of area, energy and delay. For digital design, 32-bit binary adders designed with VCTA have been compared to standard cell layouts. For analog design, a delay-locked loop design using VCTA has been compared to its full custom version. We have also developed a physical synthesis tool that allows us to obtain VCTA circuit layouts in an automated way. Developing our own automation tool lets us controlling all the decisions made during the physical design flow to ensure that maximum layout regularity is respected. In this case the work is based on several algorithms, for instance for routing, that we have oriented to the area optimization of the layouts. Finally, in order to demonstrate the benefits of layout regularity, we have proposed a new layout regularity metric called Fixed Origin Corner Square Inspection (FOCSI). It is based on the geometrical inspection of the patterns in the layouts and it allows designers to compare regularity of designs but also how their regularity will impact their manufacturability. The FOCSI layout analysis tool can be used to optimize manufacturability.
London-East Anglia randomised controlled trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for psychosis (1998)

Improvement in overall symptoms was maintained in the CBT group 18 months after baseline and nine months after intensive therapy was completed. CBT may be a specific and cost-effective intervention in medication-resistant psychosis.
Miniature packaged external-cavity semiconductor lasers for coherent communications (1988)

The authors have developed and characterised miniature packaged external cavity semiconductor lasers for use in coherent transmission systems at 1.5 mu m, and they present detailed measurements of the lasing spectrum, side-mode suppression, output power, wavelength tuning and frequency stability as determined by CW heterodyne operation.
Challenges and obstacles in robot-machining (2013)

Using robots for machining, implies many advantages. By using the flexibility robots have to offer, workcells with high application versatility can be provided. Nevertheless, there are several challenges to overcome. This paper gives an overview about challenges robotic machining has already met. Besides these challenges, robot-machining still has to encounter obstacles resulting from the fact that robots have been solely handling devices so far. Furthermore, trends in robotic market are outlined by giving particular examples, emphasizing the willingness of industrial robot companies to provide robot-based machining systems.
Primate Lentiviruses Modulate NF-κB Activity by Multiple Mechanisms to Fine-Tune Viral and Cellular Gene Expression (2017)

The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) plays a complex role during the replication of primate lentiviruses. On the one hand, NF-κB is essential for induction of efficient proviral gene expression. On the other hand, this transcription factor contributes to the innate immune response and induces expression of numerous cellular antiviral genes. Recent data suggest that primate lentiviruses cope with this challenge by boosting NF-κB activity early during the replication cycle to initiate Tat-driven viral transcription and suppressing it at later stages to minimize antiviral gene expression. Human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV, respectively) initially exploit their accessory Nef protein to increase the responsiveness of infected CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells to stimulation. Increased NF-κB activity initiates Tat expression and productive replication. These events happen quickly after infection since Nef is rapidly expressed at high levels. Later during infection, Nef proteins of HIV-2 and most SIVs exert a very different effect: by down-modulating the CD3 receptor, an essential factor for T cell receptor (TCR) signaling, they prevent stimulation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells via antigen-presenting cells and hence suppress further induction of NF-κB and an effective antiviral immune response. Efficient LTR-driven viral transcription is maintained because it is largely independent of NF-κB in the presence of Tat. In contrast, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and its simian precursors have lost the CD3 down-modulation function of Nef and use the late viral protein U (Vpu) to inhibit NF-κB activity by suppressing its nuclear translocation. In this review, we discuss how HIV-1 and other primate lentiviruses might balance viral and antiviral gene expression through a tight temporal regulation of NF-κB activity throughout their replication cycle.
Single-stage single-phase parallel power factor correction scheme (2002)

A new scheme of the single-phase parallel power factor correction (PPFC), which allows major input power to be processed only once to achieve both unity power factor and tight output regulation, is established in this paper. The new PPFC circuits based on this new scheme are much simpler than the previous one. Consequently, they are competitive to the conventional two-cascade-stage system concerning the efficiency and the cost. Large signal simulation and experimental results have proven the successful operation and good performances of the proposed new PPFC circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A New Approach for Enhancing Fracture Conductivity (1998)

Abstract A new liquid surface-modification system has been developed for coating proppant, dramatically increasing its surface friction and allowing it to interact instantaneously with surrounding particulates. High surface friction between the coated proppant grains allows them to withstand high flow rate, minimizing their flowback potential after fracture-stimulation treatments. According to field results, when this surface-modification material was used as a flowback-control agent after conventional fracturing treatments, it permitted more aggressive flowback procedures. This treatment did not impair conductivity, and in fact, increased proppant conductivity at closure stresses below 4,000 psi (27 600 kPa). Better vertical proppant distribution occurred in experiments that demonstrated how the surface modification significantly hindered proppant settling. Fines that already existed within the proppant (generated from the formation or derived from crushed proppant upon fracture closure) all adhered to the treated proppant, which inhibited them from migrating and blocking the pore throats of the proppant pack. This unique coating technology further enhanced conductivity by improving frac-gel breaker action in certain fluids. This behavior results in faster, more effective well cleanup after stimulation. P. 109
Time coherence of acoustic signals transmitted over resolved paths in the deep ocean (1976)

Long-term coherence measurements have been made of the stability of broad-band acoustic signals transmitted on single paths through the deep ocean over distances of 145, 250, 495, and 635 NM. The stability of individual ray paths was measured by separating the arrivals in time and angle. Twenty-nine acoustic phase records with durations from 5 to 32 h were analyzed. Typical coherence intervals of 2 to 8 min were found in which the phase of the cross-correlation of the received signal with a replica varied by no more than ±π/2 rad (±0.6 msec) at 400 Hz. Coherent intervals of 8- to 12-min duration at 400 Hz were common, while occasional long periods on the order of 20 min could be found. The spectra of these phase records possess a dominant low-frequency peak overlapping the 12- and 24-h tidal frequencies, but also show much weaker peaks at periods of 1 1/2, 3, and 5 h. The latter could be caused by internal waves, nonlinear overtides, or atmospheric pressure variations. No other effects of the moving ocean surface or of higher-frequency internal ocean instabilities were found. Subject Classification; [43]30.20; [43]60.30; [43]30.82; [43]60.20.
Reversed dispersion slope photonic bandgap fibers for broadband dispersion control in femtosecond fiber lasers (2008)

Higher-order-mode solid and hollow core photonic bandgap fibers exhibiting reversed or zero dispersion slope over tens or hundreds of nanometer bandwidths within the bandgap are presented. This attractive feature makes them well suited for broadband dispersion control in femtosecond pulse fiber lasers, amplifiers and optical parametric oscillators. The canonical form of the dispersion profile in photonic bandgap fibers is modified by a partial reflector layer/interface placed around the core forming a 2D cylindrical Gires-Tournois type interferometer. This small perturbation in the index profile induces a frequency dependent electric field distribution of the preferred propagating higher-order-mode resulting in a zero or reversed dispersion slope.
Hypoglycemic effects of a novel fatty acid oxidation inhibitor in rats and monkeys (1998)

Increased fatty acid oxidation contributes to hyperglycemia in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. To improve glucose homeostasis in these patients, we have designed a novel, reversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase I (CPT I) that potently inhibits fatty acid oxidation. SDZ-CPI-975 significantly lowered glucose levels in normal 18-h-fasted nonhuman primates and rats. In rats, glucose lowering required fatty acid oxidation inhibition of > or = 70%, as measured by beta-hydroxybutyrate levels, the end product of beta-oxidation. In cynomolgus monkeys, comparable glucose lowering was achieved with more modest lowering of beta-hydroxybutyrate levels. SDZ-CPI-975 did not increase glucose utilization by heart muscle, suggesting that CPT I inhibition with SDZ-CPI-975 would not induce cardiac hypertrophy. This was in contrast to the irreversible CPT I inhibitor etomoxir. These results demonstrate that SDZ-CPI-975 effectively inhibited fatty acid oxidation and lowered blood glucose levels in two species. Thus reversible inhibitors of CPT I represent a class of novel hypoglycemic agents that inhibit fatty acid oxidation without inducing cardiac hypertrophy.
A novel lane support framework for vision-based vehicle guidance (2004)

The aim of this paper is the development of a robust lane support system using images from a single camera mounted on the ego-vehicle. The road boundary is tracked from the near to the far region of the image, by fusing information from the previous road models, the edge pixels selected in the current image, as well as edge pixels detected at the current image position of the tracking. The road boundaries are modelled by explicit polynomials, whose order is determined online. The prediction of the road boundaries using both a constrained state space model and an ARMA model is investigated. Finally, using the derived road models, a state space model estimates the parameters required for vehicle navigation.
Low Pressure Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth and Appraisal of ZnSeTe ZnSe Multiple Quantum Wells (1997)

宽带ⅡⅥ族半导体如ＺｎＳｅ，ＺｎＴｅ等材料在室温有大的禁带宽度，成为蓝绿波段光电器件的主要候选材料，因而有关它们的研究备受瞩目。但对于ＺｎＳｅＴｅ三元化合物和ＺｎＳｅＴｅＺｎＳｅ多层结构的报道却很少见，而且其中大都采用分子束外延（ＭＢＥ）技术。本文首次报道用低压金属有机化学气相沉积（ＭＯＣＶＤ）制备的ＺｎＳｅＴｅＺｎＳｅ多量子阱。用Ｘ射线衍射、光致发光（ＰＬ）和受激发射实验检测该结构。使用低压ＭＯＣＶＤ装置，在（１００）ＧａＡｓ衬底上以用高纯氢气作载气的二甲基锌（ＤＭＺｎ）、二乙基碲（ＤＥＴｅ）和Ｈ２Ｓｅ源材料生长５０周期ｘ＝０．０７和ｘ＝０．１６的ＺｎＳｅ１ｘＴｅｘＺｎＳｅ多层结构。生长温度和压力分别是４５０℃和３８Ｔｏｒ。Ⅱ族源和Ⅵ族源分别从不同的管道进入反应室，Ⅱ／Ⅵ（Ｈ２）是０．８／１．２，经实验验证，在这个比值可以生长成均匀的薄膜。Ｘ射线衍射的测试采用Ｄ／ＭａｘｒＡ型旋转阳极衍射仪的Ｃｕ钯Ｋα特征谱线。Ｘ射线衍射谱出现四个明显可分辨的卫星峰，这些峰位于ＧａＡｓ衬底衍射峰左侧，主要峰值半宽度小于２０ａｒｃ／ｓｅｃ。多级卫星峰的出现和小的谱线宽度表明，样品已形成具有陡峭界面的周期性多量子阱结?
A New Technique for Determining the Deformation and Frictional Characteristics of <i>In Situ</i> Rock (1974)

We describe a new technique for measuring the deformation and load bearing capability of large intact and jointed in situ rock specimens under applied uniaxial stress. The specimen configuration is an equilateral triangular prism of constant cross section with one end still connected to the rock mass. The free end of the specimen is loaded by a triangular flat-jack package. Displacements are monitored along and across joints; strains are measured on the surface of the specimen. Forty-six tests have been performed at five sites on solid and jointed specimens over a range of effective diameters from 6 to 50 in.; on surfaces with orientation ranging from horizontal to nearly vertical; and on a wide variety of rock types including granites, sandstones, amphibolites, and chloritic schists. The technique has been used to measure the effect of specimen size on the strength of intact rock and frictional characteristics such as maximum and residual shear stress, normal and shear stiffness, and friction angle on natural joints with surface areas up to 750 square inches.
Dynamics of follicular growth in the human: a model from preliminary results (1986)

In the human species, follicle growth is a very long process. The ovulatory follicle originates from a cohort of pre-antral follicles that have differentiated their theca interna 85 days earlier under the control of the high peri-ovulatory steroid and gonadotrophin levels. During growth the number of follicles decreases by atresia under the influence of factors relating to the size of the follicles. Their growth rate is regulated by intra- and extra-ovarian hormonal factors. At the end of the luteal phase, 15-20 days before ovulation, the next ovulatory follicle is recruited among a follicle population of 2-5 mm in diameter. At the beginning of the menstrual cycle it can be distinguished only by its size; a few days later it starts its maturation and exhibits its dominance on the other healthy follicles present in the two ovaries.
Camera selection using a local image quality metric for a distributed smart camera network (2011)

A set of camera selection templates has been developed and applied to a twelve-camera inward-looking distributed smart camera network mounted on the vertices of an icosahedral frame. These templates, designed using the fundamentals of self-organization, consist of simple rules based on a local (camera) level metric - a measure of the quality of detection of the target-of-interest for a given camera node based on a measurable target parameter. The effectiveness of the camera selections, based on the local metric, is analyzed through the performance of a global (system) level metric. The camera selection templates are shown to maintain a desirable global metric performance, while using a subset of the total available cameras. This holds true even when a single occluding target is introduced into the system.
Evidence that Asn542 of neprilysin (EC 3.4.24.11) is involved in binding of the P2′ residue of substrates and inhibitors (1995)

Neprilysin (EC 3.4.24.11) is a Zn2+ metallopeptidase involved in the degradation of biologically active peptides, e.g. enkephalins and atrial natriuretic peptide. The substrate specificity and catalytic activity of neprilysin resemble those of thermolysin, a crystallized bacterial Zn2+ metalloprotease. Despite little overall homology between the primary structures of thermolysin and neprilysin, many of the amino acid residues involved in catalysis, as well as Zn2+ and substrate binding, are highly conserved. Most of the active-site residues of neprilysin have their homologues in thermolysin and have been characterized by site-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, hydrophobic cluster analysis has revealed some other analogies between the neprilysin and thermolysin sequences [Benchetrit, Bissery, Mornon, Devault, Crine and Roques (1988) Biochemistry 27, 592-596]. According to this analysis the role of Asn542 in the neprilysin active site is analogous to that of Asn112 of thermolysin, which is to bind the substrate. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to change Asn542 to Gly or Gln residues. The effect of these mutations on substrate catalysis and inhibitor binding was examined with a series of thiorphan-like compounds containing various degrees of methylation at the P2' residue. For both mutated enzymes, determination of kinetic parameters with [D-Ala2,Leu5]enkephalin as substrate showed that the large decrease in activity was attributable to an increase in Km (14-16-fold) whereas kcat values were only slightly affected (2-3-fold decrease). This is in agreement with Asn542 being involved in substrate binding rather than directly in catalysis. Finally, the IC50 values for thiorphan and substituted thiorphans strongly suggest that Asn542 of neprilysin binds the substrate on the amino side of the P2' residue by formation of a unique hydrogen bond.
Human cells in continuous culture. I. Derivation of cell strains from esophagus, palate, liver, and lung. (1957)

Summary Histories of reception and propagation at the University of Minnesota, and derivation of clonally initiated sublines, are described for HeLa, Maben, liver, and conjunctival human cell strains. Origin and establishment in continuous culture of three new human strains of palate fibrocyte, esophageal epithelial cell, and liver epithelial cell are described. A clonal subline of the esophageal cell has been derived. Success in the establishment of cell strains from human surgical specimens was attributed to use of yeast extract medium and plating of cells in thin layers of plasma.
Degradation of the lignocellulose complex in wood (1995)

Degradation of the lignocellulose complex in wood varies depending on the microorganism causing decay. The degradative processes of white-, brown-, and soft-rot fungi as well as different forms of bacterial degradation are presented. Ultrastructural methods were used to elucidate cell-wall alterations that occurred during the various stages of decay. In wood inoculated with the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, changes in the cell wall, such as electron-dense zones after staining with uranyl acetate, were evident during incipient stages of decay. The ratio of syringyl:guaiacyl lignin of different woods, different cell types, and even the different layers within a cell wall influenced the type and extent of decay by white-rot fungi. Soft rots caused unique changes in the lignocellulose matrix. The type of wood substrate governed the form (type I or type II) of soft rot that occurred. Brown-rot fungi depolymerized cellulose early in the decay process and degraded cellulose without prior removal of lignin. Bacterial degradation was common in waterlogged woods and three forms, tunneling, erosion and cavitation, are discussed. In addition to an improved understanding of decay processes in living trees and forest products, knowledge of decomposition mechanisms is important to utilize effectively these microorganisms for new industrial bioprocessing technologies. Key words: biodegradation, white rot, brown rot, soft rot, bacterial degradation.
Redundant speed control for brushless Hall effect motor (1973)

A speed control system for a brushless Hall effect device equipped direct current (D.C.) motor is described. Separate windings of the motor are powered by separate speed responsive power sources. A change in speed, upward or downward, because of the failure of a component of one of the power sources results in a corrective signal being generated in the other power source to supply an appropriate power level and polarity to one winding to cause the motor to be corrected in speed.
Logic programming for robot control (1995)

This paper proposes logic programs as a specification for robot control. These provide a formal specification of what an agent should do depending on what it senses, and its previous sensory inputs and actions. We show how to axiomatise reactive agents, events as an interface between continuous and discrete time, and persistence, as well as axiomatising integration and differentiation over time (in terms of the limit of sums and differences). This specification need not be evaluated as a Prolog program; we use can the fact that it will be evaluated in time to get a more efficient agent. We give a detailed example of a nonholonomic maze travelling robot, where we use the same language to model both the agent and the environment. One of the main motivations for this work is that there is a clean interface between the logic programs here and the model of uncertainty embedded in probabilistic Horn abduction. This is one step towards building a decisiontheoretic planning system where the output of the planner is a plan suitable for actually controlling a robot. 1