gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Pancreatic Lipase:  An Exposed Hydrophobic Loop from the C-terminal Domain May Contribute to Interfacial Binding (1998)

Epitope mapping was performed using four anti-HPL monoclonal antibodies (mAb's 81-23, 146-40, 315-25, and 320-24) directed against human pancreatic lipase (HPL). Three HPL mutants produced in insect cells were tested for this purpose: (i) N-HPL, which consists of only the N-terminal domain of HPL, (ii) HPL(-lid), in which a short loop consisting of 5 amino acid residues replaces the full-length 23-residue lid domain present in HPL, and (iii) N-GPLRP2/C-HPL chimera, a chimeric mutant consisting of the N-terminal domain of the guinea pig pancreatic lipase related protein 2 (GPLRP2) fused to the C-terminal domain of HPL. The C-terminal domain of HPL (C-HPL) was prepared in a pure form after performing chymotryptic digestion of HPL. The mAb 146-40 recognizes HPL, HPL(-lid), and N-HPL but not GPLRP2, N-GPLRP2/C-HPL chimera, or the C-HPL. The antibody mAb 146-40 therefore specifically recognizes the N-terminal domain of HPL, and the epitope recognized does not include the amphiphilic lid. On the other hand, mAb's 81-23, 315-25, and 320-24 react specifically to the C-terminal domain of HPL, since they recognize HPL, HPL(-lid), the N-GPLRP2/C-HPL chimera, and the C-HPL but not N-HPL or GPLRP2. It was further established that these three mAb's recognize the same conformational epitope, the structure of which is stabilized by the N-terminal domain in the presence of SDS at concentrations greater than its critical micellar concentration. This conformational epitope was found to be located in the vicinity of Met 397 and Arg 414. These two residues delineate a highly exposed peptide stretch extending from the HPL C-terminal domain, which includes a hydrophobic surface loop (beta5'). Kinetic studies on the HPL/mAb's complexes showed that the lipase activity was much lower in these complexes than in HPL. The results of the present study suggest for the first time that the beta5' loop from the C-terminal domain may be involved in the interaction of HPL with a lipid/water interface.
Atomic clock ensemble in space (2011)

The Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) mission is developing high\nperformance clocks and links for space to test Einstein's theory of general\nrelativity. From the International Space Station, the ACES payload will\ndistribute a clock signal with fractional frequency stability and accuracy of\n1E-16 establishing a worldwide network to compare clocks in space and on the\nground. ACES will provide an absolute measurement of Einstein's gravitational\nredshift, it will search for time variations of fundamental constants,\ncontribute to test topological dark matter models, and perform Standard Model\nExtension tests. Moreover, the ground clocks connected to the ACES network will\nbe compared over different continents and used to measure geopotential\ndifferences at the clock locations. After solving some technical problems, the\nACES flight model is now approaching its completion. System tests involving the\nlaser-cooled Cs clock PHARAO, the active H-maser SHM and the on-board frequency\ncomparator FCDP have measured the performance of the clock signal delivered by\nACES. The ACES microwave link MWL is currently under test. The single-photon\navalanche detector of the optical link ELT has been tested and will now be\nintegrated in the ACES payload. The ACES mission concept, its scientific\nobjectives, and the recent test results are discussed here together with the\nmajor milestones that will lead us to the ACES launch.\n
Tunable narrow-band terahertz generation from periodically poled lithium niobate (2001)

We describe a technique for generating tunable narrow-band terahertz radiation via optical rectification in periodically-poled lithium niobate. Frequency tuning is accomplished by spatially chirping the domain width laterally to the beam propagation direction, and adjusting the temperature of the sample. We demonstrate tuning over a continuous range from 0.8 to 2.5 THz. The bandwidth of the terahertz waveforms is as narrow as 0.02 THz.
Estudio de los efectos a largo plazo del tratamiento con bifosfonatos y fármacos de acción lenta sobre el cartílago y el hueso subcondral en un modelo de osteoartritis en conejo (2021)

La osteoartritis (OA) es una compleja patologia cronica y progresiva, que afecta a las articulaciones sinoviales causando molestia, dolor, e incapacidad funcional. El tratamiento de la OA, tanto en medicina humana como veterinaria, continua siendo un reto en el ambito de la investigacion al no disponer de farmacos aprobados capaces de modificador el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Los farmacos sintomaticos de accion lenta y los bifosfonatos constituyen alguno de los grupos terapeuticos que ha suscitado mayor interes en los ultimos anos. Estos farmacos han demostrado presentar efectos analgesicos y antiinflamatorios tanto en estudios clinicos como preclinicos. Sin embargo, sus efectos estructurales a nivel de la articulacion sinovial todavia no se han esclarecido y su eficacia continua siendo dudosa. El objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral es evaluar el efecto de estos farmacos sobre la estructura del cartilago y el hueso subcondral en un modelo experimental de osteoartritis en conejo, mediante histologia cualitativa, histomorfometria cuantitativa y estudios microtomograficos. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la administracion de los tratamientos a largo plazo no logro disminuir el dano articular, el desarrollo de osteofitos ni la perdida de hueso subcondral. Sin embargo, se observo un ligero efecto antiinflamatorio a nivel de la membrana sinovial. En ausencia de mas estudios a largo plazo, los resultados sugieren que parece poco probable que estos tratamientos puedan ser eficaces como farmacos modificadores de la OA.
High perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in <i>D</i>22-Mn3+<i>x</i>Ge tetragonal Heusler alloy films (2014)

We prepared D022-Mn3+xGe (−0.67 ≤ x ≤ 0.35) epitaxial thin films on MgO(001) substrates with Cr(001) buffer layers and systematically investigated the dependence of their perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant, saturation magnetization, coercivity, and tetragonal axial ratio (c/a) on their composition and substrate temperature. Single-phase D022 crystal structures were formed in films with compositions of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.35, prepared at 400 °C. The D022-Mn3Ge films exhibited perpendicular magnetization with a magnetic squareness close to unity. Performing magnetic torque measurements at an applied field of 140 kOe, we estimated a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant of 11.8 ± 0.5 Merg/cm3, the highest and the most reliable value yet reported.
Removal of hand-drawn annotation lines from document images by digital-geometric analysis and inpainting (2013)

Performance of an OCR system is badly affected due to presence of hand-drawn annotation lines in various forms, such as underlines, circular lines, and other text-surrounding curves. Such annotation lines are drawn by a reader usually in free hand in order to summarize some text or to mark the keywords within a document page. In this paper, we propose a generalized scheme for detection and removal of these hand-drawn annotations from a scanned document page. An underline drawn by hand is roughly horizontal or has a tolerable undulation, whereas for a hand-drawn curved line, the slope usually changes at a gradual pace. Based on this observation, we detect the cover of an annotation object-be it straight or curved-as a sequence of straight edge segments. The novelty of the proposed method lies in its ability to compute the exact cover of the annotation object, even when it touches or passes through any text character. After getting the annotation cover, an effective method of inpainting is used to quantify the regions where text reconstruction is needed. We have done our experimentation with various documents written in English, and some results are presented here to show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method.
Transforming growth factor-beta1, -beta2, and -beta3 in vivo: effects on normal and mitomycin C-modulated conjunctival scarring. (1999)

TGF-beta1, -beta2, and -beta3 appear to have similar actions in vivo and stimulate the conjunctival scarring response. Application of TGF-beta2 modified the effects of MMC. All TGF-beta isoforms may be potent modulators of the conjunctival scarring response. These studies indicate that TGF-beta2 may naturally modify the antiscarring effects of antimetabolites such as MMC in glaucoma filtration surgery.
A micromodification of the CH50 test for the classical pathway of complement. (1984)

A micromodification of the CH50 assay of Kabat and Mayer is described in which the total reaction volume has been reduced five-fold. This assay utilizes sheep red blood cells pooled from multiple animals rather than from a single animal to avoid screening procedures of red blood cells from individual sheep. Analysis of natural hemolysin activity in normal serum revealed a correlation with elevated CH50 titers. However, this correlation does not appear to effect the clinical interpretation of the results.
Evaluation of Competitive ELISA for Detection of Antibodies to Brucella Infection in Domestic Animals (2010)

cELISA can be used on a variety of animal species, and an added advantage is its suitability for use on poor-quality samples such as those affected by hemolysis.
Dynamic virtual routers using multiway segment tree (2013)

Recently, research community has drawn lots of attentions in the router virtualization that allows multiple virtual router instances running on the same physical router platform. Thus, the virtualized router should be able to handle packets from different virtual networks. Once the multiple virtual routing tables are merged, memory requirement can be reduced due to the common entries among virtual routing tables. Many previous works use trie-based methods to merge the virtual routing tables. In this paper, we propose a range-based merging method. The data structure is based on the dynamic multiway segment tree (DMST) that is implemented with standard B-tree structure. As our experimental results show, faster lookup speed and incremental update can be achieved. The proposed method performs much better than the trie-based ones in lookup speed and scalability, and has similar memory consumption.
A Dorsal Model for Cutaneous Vesicant Injury by 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide Using C57BL/6 Mice (2007)

To evaluate stem cell-derived therapeutics for cutaneous vesicant injuries, we developed a dorsal exposure model using C57BL/6 black mice and half-mustard, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES). The dorsal side of a mouse was exposed to 1-5 microl of CEES for 10 minutes and then decontaminated. The data demonstrate that 3 microl of CEES induced edema and erythema that peaked 24 h post exposure. Histopathology showed a central area of deep injury characterized by severe necrosis of epidermis and dermis. The C57BL/6 is a unique model that can be used to unravel the molecular mechanism of injury, identify the effects of black skin pigmentation, and evaluate the efficacy of stem cell therapeutics for cutaneous vesicant exposure.
Detection of T-2 toxin by an improved radioimmunoassay (1983)

T-2 toxin in serum, urine, and saline was analyzed by a modified radioimmunoassay procedure. The specimens were added directly to the assay tubes without extraction steps. The reaction between antibody and ligands was optimal at 1 h. Albumin-coated charcoal was used to separate bound from free radioactivity. Quenching, which occurred with hemolyzed specimens, was corrected by a wet oxidation process with 60% perchloric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide. The shorter incubation times resulted in an assay that takes less than 6 h to complete. The average affinity constant of the antibody (Km) was 1.75 X 10(10) liters/mol. The sensitivity was 1 ng per assay or 10 ng/ml. Among the other trichothecenes tested, only H-T-2 cross-reacted significantly (10.3%).
Image encryption based on pixel bit modification (2018)

There are currently some publications about image encoding without changing pixel values. One of them encodes the image by dividing the image into blocks and then creating permutations and combinations into block positions. The disadvantage of this method is a grayscale histogram of an encoding image similar to a grayscale histogram of a plain image. This happens because the number of grayscale for the light intensity of the plain image is the same as the grayscale for the light intensity of the encoded image. In this article we propose image encoding by manipulating pixel bits. The result of this research is an image coding method where plain images and encoded images have big differences on grayscale histogram and visual.
Association between the GRM7 rs3792452 polymorphism and attention deficit hyperacitiveity disorder in a Korean sample (2013)

These results provide preliminary evidence of an association between the GRM7 rs37952452 polymorphism and selective attention deficit and anxiety found within the Korean ADHD population.
An immunoaffinity column with a monoclonal antibody as ligand for human follicle stimulating hormone (2009)

A detailed characterization regarding the chromatographic and biochemical properties of an immunoaffinity column for sample pretreatment using a follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) beta-unit specific mAb has been performed. A maximum binding capacity of approximately 300 microg/mL was determined. A K(D) value of 4.5x10(-8) M could be obtained in batch isotherm measurements. The dynamic binding capacity at 10% did not change when residence time was at least 6 min. High selectivity could be demonstrated using crude culture supernatant from FSH producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. A great stability of the matrix was confirmed by performing 100 consecutive chromatographic runs without loss of capacity.
Efficient gene delivery to quiescent interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent cells by murine leukemia virus-derived vectors harboring IL-2 chimeric envelope glycoproteins. (1999)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine that induces the proliferation of certain IL-2 receptor expressing quiescent cells. Human IL-2 was fused to the amino-terminus of amphotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV) envelope glycoproteins. Retroviral vectors were pseudotyped with both the IL-2 chimeric envelope and the wild-type amphotropic MLV envelope. The chimeric IL-2 glycoproteins were incorporated on retroviral vectors and the IL-2-displaying vector particles could bind specifically to cell surface IL-2 receptors. In addition, the IL-2-displaying vectors could infect proliferating cells through amphotropic receptors irrespective of whether the cells expressed the IL-2 receptor. IL-2-displaying vector particles could also transiently stimulate the cell cycle entry and proliferation of several IL-2-dependent cell lines. Finally, retroviral vectors displaying IL-2 could efficiently transduce G0/G1-arrested cells expressing the IL-2 receptor at a 34-fold higher efficiency compared with vectors with unmodified envelopes. This new strategy, whereby C-type retroviral vector particles display a ligand that activates the cell cycle of the target cells at the time of virus entry, may represent an alternative to lentivirus-derived retroviral vectors for the infection of quiescent cells. In addition, upon infection of an heterogeneous population of nonproliferating cells, MLV-retroviral vectors that display cytokines/growth factors will allow the transgene of interest to be integrated specifically in quiescent cells expressing the corresponding cytokine/growth factor receptor.
Acinetobacter ursingii sp. nov. and Acinetobacter schindleri sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens. (2001)

The taxonomic status of two recently described phenetically distinctive groups within the genus Acinetobacter, designated phenon 1 and phenon 2, was investigated further. The study collection included 51 strains, mainly of clinical origin, from different European countries with properties of either phenon 1 (29 strains) or phenon 2 (22 strains). DNA-DNA hybridization studies and DNA polymorphism analysis by AFLP revealed that these phenons represented two new genomic species. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of three representatives of each phenon showed that they formed two distinct lineages within the genus Acinetobacter. The two phenons could be distinguished from each other and from all hitherto-described Acinetobacter (genomic) species by specific phenotypic features and amplified rDNA restriction analysis patterns. The names Acinetobacter ursingii sp. nov. (type strain LUH 3792T = NIPH 137T = LMG 19575T = CNCTC 6735T) and Acinetobacter schindleri sp. nov. (type strain LUH 5832T = NIPH 1034T = LMG 19576T = CNCTC 6736T) are proposed for phenon 1 and phenon 2, respectively. Clinical and epidemiological data indicate that A. ursingii has the capacity to cause bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients.
Resin Transfer Moulding for Aerospace Components (1993)

At present autoclave moulding of pre-impregnated fibre is the standard method of producing composite aerospace parts. Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM) is an alternate method of producing composite structures which has recently gained support within the aerospace industry. This paper presents some of the important features of RTM for aerospace components, based on the experience and research of the Cooperative Research Centre for Aerospace Structures.
Adherence of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 to human epithelial cells and to hexadecane (1981)

The ability of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 to adhere to human epithelial cells was investigated and compared with its ability to adhere to a test hydrocarbon (hexadecane). RAG-1, a microorganism originally isolated for growth on hydrocarbon, adhered to epithelial cells when grown under conditions which promote its adherence to hexadecane; similarly, RAG-1 cells adhered poorly to epithelial cells when grown under conditions which cause the cells to possess low affinity towards hexadecane. A mutant derived from RAG-1, MR-481, deficient in its ability to adhere to hydrocarbon, was similarly unable to adhere to epithelial cells. RAG-1 adherence to epithelial cells was not blocked by a number of sugars tested. Streptococcus pyogenes, whose adherence to epithelial cells has been previously attributed to hydrophobic interactions, was also able to adhere to hexadecane. Results suggest that hydrophobic interactions mediate adherence of the strains studied to both epithelial cells and hydrocarbon.
Effect of aging and acetyl‐<scp>l</scp>‐carnitine on the activity of cytochrome oxidase and adenine nucleotide translocase in rat heart mitochondria (1994)

The effect of aging and treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine on the activity of cytochrome oxidase and adenine nucleotide translocase in rat heart mitochondria was studied. It was found that the activity of both these mitochondrial protein systems was reduced (by around 30%) in aged animals. Treatment of aged rats with acetyl-L-carnitine almost completely reversed this effect. Changes in the mitochondrial cardiolipin content appear to be responsible for these effects of acetyl-L-carnitine.
Developmental Influences on Medically Unexplained Symptoms (2009)

Viewing MUS from the perspective of underlying developmental influences involving EMGEX that affect function of a variety of organs based on familial (genetic and environmental) predispositions rather than from the traditional viewpoint of isolated organ-originating diseases has at least two important implications: it provides a parsimonious explanation for findings heretofore difficult to reconcile, and it opens whole new areas of investigation into causes and treatments for this class of disorders.
Optical Characteristics Of A Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (1989)

Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy is an opto-electronic technique to investigate the posterior segments of the human eye. Current instrumentation, which is based on a confocal optical set-up, helps to improve image formation with the given imperfections of contrast transfer through the optical system of the eye. The optical characteristics of a prototype instrument will be discussed. Applications will be presented to demonstrate the effect of focussing and confocal filtering on retinal imaging with and without presence of pathology.
Lamb mode conversion at edges. A hybrid boundary element–finite-element solution (2005)

Two general and flexible numerical techniques based on the finite-element and boundary element methods developed by the authors in a previous paper are applied to study Lamb wave propagation in multilayered plates and Lamb mode conversion at free edges for frequencies beyond the first cutoff frequency. Both techniques are supported by a meshing criterion which guarantees the accuracy of the results when a condition is fulfilled. A finite-element formulation is directly applicable to study Lamb wave propagation and reflection by simple obstacles such as a flat edge. In order to tackle Lamb wave diffraction problems by defects with more complex geometries, a hybrid boundary element-finite-element formulation is used. This technique provides a major improvement with respect to the only previous boundary element application on Lamb waves: the connecting boundary might be placed as close to the reflector as desired, reducing greatly the requirement on mesh size. Two main application problems on practical metallic plates are studied and compared with reported numerical, theoretical, and experimental results: (1) Lamb wave propagation in degraded titanium diffusion bonds, and (2) Lamb mode conversion at inclined or perpendicular free edges of steel plates for frequencies beyond the first cutoff frequency.
Schedule monitoring of engineering projects (1988)

An tool for monitoring reporting, and controlling the progress of time-critical projects called progress plotting is presented. It helps distinguish between minor schedule slips and problems that call for serious management intervention. It also serves to evaluate planning accuracy on previous projects. Progress is shown by plotting the actual time used on a project against the completed percentage of the critical path. Control lines in the plotting space indicate probabilities of completing the project on schedule. If the progress line crosses low-probability control line, managers may want to intervene and bring the project back on schedule. Crossing a high-probability control line means an early finish may be anticipated with confidence. The progress plot is comparable to the process-control chart used in manufacturing settings. >
Human Surrogate Models of Histaminergic and Non-histaminergic Itch (2014)

Within the last decade understanding of the mechanistic basis of itch has improved significantly, resulting in the development of several human surrogate models of itch and related dysesthetic states. Well-characterized somatosensory models are useful in basic studies in healthy volunteers, in clinical studies for diagnostic and segmentation purposes, and in pharmacological studies to evaluate the antipruritic efficacy of existing and novel compounds. This review outlines recently introduced histamine-independent human models of itch, their mechanisms, their ability to induce clinically relevant phenomena, such as alloknesis, and the results obtained through their use. The article also introduces recent advances in the understanding of itch and provides an overview of the methods to assess experimentally-induced itch and associated manifestations. Major improvements are warranted in the treatment of chronic pruritus, and reliable human surrogate models are a valuable tool in achieving them, both for basic researchers and for clinicians.