gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organelle Selection Determines Agonist-specific Ca2+ Signals in Pancreatic Acinar and β Cells (2004)

How different extracellular stimuli can evoke different spatiotemporal Ca2+ signals is uncertain. We have elucidated a novel paradigm whereby different agonists use different Ca2+-storing organelles ("organelle selection") to evoke unique responses. Some agonists select the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and others select lysosome-related (acidic) organelles, evoking spatial Ca2+ responses that mirror the organellar distribution. In pancreatic acinar cells, acetylcholine and bombesin exclusively select the ER Ca2+ store, whereas cholecystokinin additionally recruits a lysosome-related organelle. Similarly, in a pancreatic beta cell line MIN6, acetylcholine selects only the ER, whereas glucose mobilizes Ca2+ from a lysosome-related organelle. We also show that the key to organelle selection is the agonist-specific coupling messenger(s) such that the ER is selected by recruitment of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (or cADP-ribose), whereas lysosome-related organelles are selected by NAADP.
Broadband satellite networks: trends and challenges (2005)

The next generation global communication network infrastructure is designed to be all IP based, supporting various heterogeneous core and access technologies for broadband and mobile user applications. In this paper, we discuss the trends of broadband satellite communication networks to meet the emerging aeronautical and fast train applications, and mobile users, in providing ubiquitous global coverage. Mobile satellite systems will be fully integrated with wireless networks and terrestrial segments. The technical challenges for future broadband satellite systems will be to insure seamless integration between satellite and wireless systems and without compromising quality of service (QoS). We discuss briefly the technical challenges and possible solutions, including a QoS reference model, traffic management, dynamic bandwidth allocation, cross-layer protocol design, satellite TCP, mobility management, satellite IP security, internetworking and standardization issues to realize heterogeneous networks.
Effective Capacitive Power Transfer (2012)

Capacitive power transfer (CPT) systems have up to date been used for very low power delivery due to a number of limitations. A fundamental treatment of the problem is carried out and a CPT system is presented that achieves many times higher power throughput into low-impedance loads than traditional systems with the same interface capacitance and frequency of operation and with reasonable ratings for the switching devices. The development and analysis of the system is based well on the parameters of the capacitive interface and a design procedure is provided. The validity of the concept has been verified by an experimental CPT system that delivered more than 25 W through a combined interface capacitance of 100 pF, at an operating frequency of only 1 MHz, with efficiency exceeding 80%.
The Edge-Driven Dual-Bootstrap Iterative Closest Point Algorithm for Registration of Multimodal Fluorescein Angiogram Sequence (2009)

Motivated by the need for multimodal image registration in ophthalmology, this paper introduces an algorithm which is tailored to jointly align in a common reference space all the images in a complete fluorescein angiogram (FA) sequence, which contains both red-free (RF) and FA images. Our work is inspired by Generalized Dual-Bootstrap Iterative Closest Point (GDB-ICP), which rank-orders Lowe keypoint matches and refines the transformation, going from local and low-order to global and higher-order model, computed from each keypoint match in succession. Albeit GDB-ICP has been shown to be robust in registering images taken under different lighting conditions, the performance is not satisfactory for image pairs with substantial, nonlinear intensity differences. Our algorithm, named Edge-Driven DB-ICP, targeting the least reliable component of GDB-ICP, modifies generation of keypoint matches for initialization by extracting the Lowe keypoints from the gradient magnitude image and enriching the keypoint descriptor with global-shape context using the edge points. Our dataset consists of 60 randomly-selected pathological sequences, each on average having up to two RF and 13 FA images. Edge-Driven DB-ICP successfully registered 92.4% of all pairs, and 81.1% multimodal pairs, whereas GDB-ICP registered 80.1% and 40.1%, respectively. For the joint registration of all images in a sequence, Edge-Driven DB-ICP succeeded in 59 sequences, which is a 23% improvement over GDB-ICP.
Allantoate amidohydrolase transcript expression is independent of drought tolerance in soybean (2009)

Drought is a limiting factor for N(2) fixation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] thereby resulting in reduced biomass accumulation and yield. Drought-sensitive genotypes accumulate ureides, a product of N(2) fixation, during drought stress; however, drought-tolerant genotypes have lower shoot ureide concentrations, which appear to alleviate drought stress on N(2) fixation. A key enzyme involved in ureide breakdown in shoots is allantoate amidohydrolase (AAH). It is hypothesized that AAH gene expression in soybean determines shoot ureide concentrations during water-deficit stress and is responsible for the differential sensitivities of the N(2)-fixation response to drought among soybean genotypes. The objectives were to examine the relationship between AAH transcript levels and shoot ureide concentration and drought tolerance. Drought-tolerant (Jackson) and drought-sensitive (Williams) genotypes were subjected to three water-availability treatments: well-watered control, moderate water-deficit stress, and severe water-deficit stress. Shoot ureide concentrations were examined, in addition to gene expression of AAH and DREB2, a gene expressed during water-deficit stress. As expected, DREB2 expression was detected only during severe water-deficit stress, and shoot ureide concentrations were greatest in the drought-sensitive genotype relative to the drought-tolerant genotype during water-deficit stress. However, expression of AAH transcripts was similar among water treatments and genotypes, indicating that AAH mRNA was not closely associated with drought tolerance. Ureide concentrations in shoots were weakly associated with AAH mRNA levels. These results indicate that AAH expression is probably not associated with the increased ureide catabolism observed in drought-tolerant genotypes, such as Jackson. Further study of AAH at the post-translational and enzymatic levels is warranted in order to dissect the potential role of this gene in drought tolerance.
The Toxicity of Vapours to the Grain Weevil (1948)

The values for concentrations in air of the vapours of approximately one hundred different chemical substances required to produce 50% mortality in samples of the grain weevil Calandra granaria , have been determined. Relationships between chemical constitution of these substances and their toxicity to the grain weevil are discussed, using as a measure of toxicity the relative saturation of the vapour concentration producing 50 % kill. The relative saturation is equal to the thermodynamic activity of the vapour at the concentration in question. It is found that the substances used can be divided into two broad classes: (a) one class in which the toxic thermodynamic activities lie between o‐1 and 1 ‐o and (b) another in which the activities are much lower—down to 0–0004. The first class exhibits certain linear relationships between the logarithms of toxic concentration and saturated vapour pressure, which are not shown by the second class. The toxicity of the first class is ascribed to a physical mechanism, and is believed to be such that phase equilibrium relations play a predominant part in determining the value of the toxic concentration measured externally to the insect (Ferguson, 1939). The toxicities of members of the first class, as measured by their toxic thermodynamic activities, show the following relations with chemical constitution: Toxicity in homologous series decreases steadily from the first member as the chain length increases, finally disappearing. Halogen substitution in hydrocarbon skeletons has only a small effect on the ‘physical’ toxicity, increasing it slightly. There is practically no difference in the effect of different halogens. Hydroxyl substitution markedly decreases ‘physical’ toxicity. The substitution of—CO or —CHO groups markedly increases ‘physical’ toxicity. The aliphatic amines and the alkyl formates examined do not appear to act by a physical mechanism, nor do many of the alkyl bromides and iodides.
Security Games for Controlling Contagion (2021)

Many strategic actions carry a ‘contagious’ component beyond the immediate locale of the effort itself. Viral marketing and peacekeeping operations have both been observed to have a spreading effect. In this work, we use counterinsurgency as our illustrative domain. Defined as the effort to block the spread of support for an insurgency, such operations lack the manpower to defend the entire population and must focus onthe opinions of a subset of local leaders. As past researchers of security resource allocation have done, we propose using game theory to develop such policies and model the interconnected network of leaders as a graph. Unlike this past work in security games, actions in these domains possess a probabilistic, non-local impact. To address this new class of security games, we combine recent research in influence blocking maximization with a double oracle approach and create novel heuristic oracles to generate mixed strategies for a real-world leadership network from Afghanistan, synthetic leadership networks, and a real social network. We find that leadership networks that exhibit highly interconnected clusters can be solved equally well by our heuristic methods, but our more sophisticated heuristics outperform simpler ones in less interconnected social networks.
Does “authority” mean quality? predicting expert quality ratings of Web documents (2000)

For many topics, the World Wide Web contains hundreds or thousands of relevant documents of widely varying quality. Users face a daunting challenge in identifying a small subset of documents worthy of their attention.
Measuring of Solid Phase ConcentrationIn Aqueous-Cellulose Pulp Using MicrowaveSensors (2014)

We present the serial microwave sensors, intended for measuring ground cellulose-paper mass concentration in composition of paper-aqueous pulp, which is a source raw material for paper manufacture. The basic physical principles of application of such sensors and their design are described.
Development and validation of a modified comet assay to phenotypically assess nucleotide excision repair (2006)

There is an increasing need for simple and reliable approaches to phenotypically assess DNA repair capacities. Therefore, a modification of the alkaline comet assay was developed to determine the ability of human lymphocyte extracts to perform the initial steps of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) process, i.e. damage recognition and incision. Gel-embedded nucleoids from A549 cells, pre-exposed to 1 microM benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide, were incubated with cell extracts from frozen or freshly isolated lymphocytes. The rate at which incisions are introduced and the subsequent increase in tail moment is indicative for the repair capacity of the extracts. Freshly prepared extracts from lymphocytes of human volunteers (n = 8) showed significant inter-individual variations in their DNA repair capacity, which correlated with the removal of bulky DNA lesions over a period of 48 h determined by (32)P-post-labelling (R(2) = 0.76, P = 0.005). Repeated measurements revealed a low inter-assay variation (11%). Storage of cell extracts for more than 3 weeks significantly reduced (up to 80%) the capacity to incise the damaged DNA as compared to freshly isolated extracts. This reduction was completely restored by addition of ATP to the extracts before use, as it is required for the incision step of NER. In contrast, extracts freshly prepared from frozen lymphocyte pellets can be used without loss of repair activity. DNA repair deficient XPA-/- and XPC-/- fibroblasts were used to further validate the assay. Although some residual capacity to incise the DNA was observed in these cells, the repair activity was restored to normal wild-type levels when a complementary mixture of both extracts (thereby restoring XPA and XPC deficiency) was used. These results demonstrate that this repair assay can be applied in molecular epidemiological studies to assess inter-individual differences in NER.
Aromatic thiocyanation using supported copper(I) thiocyanate (1989)

J. H. Clark, C. W. Jones, C. V. A. Duke and J. M. Miller, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1989, 81 DOI: 10.1039/C39890000081
Silica Micro-Encapsulation Technology for Treatment of Oil and/or Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Drill Cuttings (2001)

Summary Silica micro-encapsulation (SME) is a new technology that has significant economic and environmental value because it allows disposal of oil- and/or hydrocarbon-contaminated drill cuttings, either onshore or offshore, in an environmentally safe manner. SME is a process by which the oil attached to the drill cuttings is removed by emulsification and then physically encapsulated within an insoluble matrix of amorphous silica. The process consists of the addition of an emulsifier in an acidic environment, followed by the addition of water-soluble silicate. Specific emulsifiers are selected to cover hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) requirements for a broad range of oils used in drilling fluids, including synthetics, mineral oil, diesel, crude oil, and bitumen. Laboratory and pilot tests of the SME technology show that, using environmentally acceptable emulsifiers, oil-based mud present on drill cuttings is removed and forms a stable oil-in-water emulsion. These results led to development of a process for SME treatment of drill cuttings that could be environmentally acceptable for offshore applications, as described in previous publications.1,2
Highly emissive, nine-coordinate enantiopure lanthanide complexes incorporating tetraazatriphenylenes as probes for DNA (2002)

The interaction of q = 0 delta- and lambda-Tb and Eu complexes with poly(dAdT), poly(dGdC) and calf-thymus DNA has been examined by absorption, emission and chiroptical spectroscopy and is sensitive to complex helicity, base-pair type and the nature of the lanthanide excited state.
Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, weight loss, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk in free-living obese adults (2011)

Background: Reducing dietary energy density has proven to be an effective strategy to reduce energy intakes and promote weight control. This effect appears most robust when a low energy dense preload is consumed before meals. Yet, much discussion continues regarding the optimal form of a preload. The purpose of the present study was to compare effects of a solid (grapefruit), liquid (grapefruit juice) and water preload consumed prior to breakfast, lunch and dinner in the context of caloric restriction. Methods: Eighty-five obese adults (BMI 30-39.9) were randomly assigned to (127 g) grapefruit (GF), grapefruit juice (GFJ) or water preload for 12 weeks after completing a 2-week caloric restriction phase. Preloads were matched for weight, calories, water content, and energy density. Weekly measures included blood pressure, weight, anthropometry and 24-hour dietary intakes. Resting energy expenditure, body composition, physical performance and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers were assessed. Results: The total amount (grams) of food consumed did not change over time. Yet, after preloads were combined with caloric restriction, average dietary energy density and total energy intakes decreased by 20-29% from baseline values. Subjects experienced 7.1% weight loss overall, with significant decreases in percentage body, trunk, android and gynoid fat, as well as waist circumferences (-4.5 cm). However, differences were not statistically significant among groups. Nevertheless, the amount and direction of change in serum HDL-cholesterol levels in GF (+6.2%) and GFJ (+8.2%) preload groups was significantly greater than water preload group (-3.7%). Conclusions: These data indicate that incorporating consumption of a low energy dense dietary preload in a caloric restricted diet is a highly effective weight loss strategy. But, the form of the preload did not have differential effects on energy balance, weight loss or body composition. It is notable that subjects in GF and GFJ preload groups experienced significantly greater benefits in lipid profiles.
Symmetrically and Unsymmetrically Bridged Methylenebis(allopurinols): Synthesis of Dimeric Potential Anti-Gout Drugs (2007)

Liquid-liquid phase transfer alkylation of 4-methoxy-pyrazolo[3,4-d]-pyrimidine (1a) with a dichloromethane/dibromomethane mixture (3:1, v/v) gave the regioisomeric methylenebis(heterocycles) 3a-5a. These were converted by dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide containing dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at concentrations between 0 and 60 vol-% into the methylenebis(allopurinols) 3b-5b by nucleophilic SNAr reactions at C(4). The effect of DMSO on the reaction kinetics was investigated.
Speaker Accent Classification Using Distance Metric Learning Approach (2007)

A speaker's accent is the most important factor affecting the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems because accents vary widely, even within the same country or community. This variation is due to the fact that when non- native speakers start to learn a second language, the substitution of native language phoneme pronunciation is a common process. Such substitution leads to fuzziness between the phoneme boundaries and phoneme classes. This fuzziness reduces out-of class variations and increases the similarities between the different sets of phonemes. In this paper, a new method is proposed based on the side information from dissimilar pairs of accent groups, to transfer data points to a new space where the Euclidian distances between similar and dissimilar points become minimum and maximum, respectively.
Characterization of Fertilizer Materials, Crystallographic Properties of the Ammonium Nitrate-Sulfates 3NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and 2NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of Fertilizer Materials, Crystallographic Properties of the Ammonium Nitrate-Sulfates 3NH4NO3(NH4)2SO4 and 2NH4NO3(NH4)2SO4J. P. Smith, J. R. Lehr, and A. W. FrazierCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1962, 10, 1, 77–78Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60119a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60119a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibitory effects of the nucleoside analogue gemcitabine on prostatic carcinoma cells (1996)

Gemcitabine (2≺,2≺difluoro-2≺deoxycytidine, dFdC) is a synthetic antimetabolite of the cellular pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism. In a first series of in vitro experiments, the drug showed a strong effect on the proliferation and colony formation of the human androgen-sensitive tumor cell line LNCaP and the androgen-insensitive cell lines PC-3 and DU-145. Maximal inhibition occurred at a dFdC concentration as low as 30 nM. In contrast to the cell lines which were derived from metastatic lesions of prostate cancer patients, no inhibitory effects were found in normal primary prostatic epithelial cells at concentrations up to 100 nM. The effect of gemcitabine was reversed by co-administration of 10–100 μM of its natural analogue deoxycytidine. In view of a future clinical application of this anti-tumor drug in advanced prostatic carcinoma, we have compared the effect of gemcitabine on prostatic tumor cells with that on bone marrow granulopoietic-macrophagic progenitor cells, because neutropenia is a common side effect of gemcitabine treatment. The time course of action on the two kinds of cells was markedly different. Colony formation of tumor cells was inhibited by two thirds at a gemcitabine concentration of about 3.5 nM. The same effect on granulopoietic-macrophagic progenitor cells required a concentration of 9 nM. Co-administration of deoxycytidine to gemcitabine-treated tumor cell cultures completely antagonized the effect of gemcitabine whereas addition of deoxycytidine after 48 hr of gemcitabine treatment could not prevent gemcitabine action on the tumor cells. In contrast, more than half of the granulopoietic-macrophagic progenitor cells could still be rescued by deoxycytidine administration after 48 hr. These findings and the marked difference in the susceptibility of neoplastic and normal prostatic cells suggest that gemcitabine is a promising substance which should be further evaluated as to its efficacy in the treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Relationship between Ethics, Law, and Democracy (2001)

The following essay takes a critical stand to Habermas’ book Faktizitat und Geltung of 1992 ; more precisely expressed : my stance is critical with regard to Habermas’ new « architectonics » of discourse-differentiation concerning the relationship between « discourse-principle », « principle of morality », « principle of law », and « principle of democracy ». My critique represents the view of a « transcendentalpragmatic ultimate foundation of discourse-ethics » (this latter having been defended until then as basic disciplin of « practical philosophy » by Habermas and myself). An alternative « architectonics » of discourse differentiation in the sense of discourse-ethics is suggested.
A high-speed IDDQ sensor implementation (2002)

This paper presents an effective IDDQ sensor design implemented using a 0.35 /spl mu/m process. A straightforward feedback scheme minimizes the effect of process variations. Independent structures permit one to monitor the basic characteristics of the IDDQ sensor, i.e., resolution and speed, and to carry out a 20k-gate floppy-disk controller IDDQ test separately. Simulation and test results show accuracy better than /spl plusmn/10 /spl mu/A at 50 MHz in a 1 mA IDDQ measurement range.