gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Word2VisualVec: Image and Video to Sentence Matching by Visual Feature Prediction (2016)

This paper strives to find the sentence best describing the content of an image or video. Different from existing works, which rely on a joint subspace for image / video to sentence matching, we propose to do so in a visual space only. We contribute Word2VisualVec, a deep neural network architecture that learns to predict a deep visual encoding of textual input based on sentence vectorization and a multi-layer perceptron. We thoroughly analyze its architectural design, by varying the sentence vectorization strategy, network depth and the deep feature to predict for image to sentence matching. We also generalize Word2VisualVec for matching a video to a sentence, by extending the predictive abilities to 3-D ConvNet features as well as a visual-audio representation. Experiments on four challenging image and video benchmarks detail Word2VisualVec's properties, capabilities for image and video to sentence matching, and on all datasets its state-of-the-art results.
Compilation-based prefetching for memory latency tolerance (1992)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1992.
Augmented paper system: A framework for User's Personalized Workspace (2013)

In this paper, we are presenting a framework for “User's Personalized Workspace” by augmenting the physical paper and digital document. The paper based interactions are seamlessly integrated with digital document based interactions for reading as a activity. For instance when user is involved in reading activity, writing becomes complimentary. In a academic system, paper based presentation mode has facilitated such exercises. Despite rendering the annotation on digital document and store it onto the database, the content of the paper encircled or underlined is used to hyperlink the document. Synchronizing a physical paper and those of digital version in seamless fashion from a user's perspective is the main objective of this work. We have also compared the existing systems which focus on one activity or the other in our proposed system.
Deposition and characterization of a self-propagating CuOx/Al thermite reaction in a multilayer foil geometry (2003)

Self-propagating formation reactions have been studied in multilayer foils and they are currently being investigated for applications in joining and ignition. Here, we introduce a reactive multilayer foil which contains a reduction-oxidation thermite reaction between CuOx and Al. Typically in reactive multilayer foils, elemental layers react and form a single intermetallic product. In this thermite reaction, however, aluminum and copper oxide are, respectively, oxidized and reduced and form aluminum oxide and copper. The fully dense multilayer foils provide a well-defined geometry for studying the thermodynamics, kinetics, and intermediate phase formation in the CuOx/Al thermite reaction. Here, sputter deposition of CuOx/Al multilayer foils is demonstrated, and x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, including high resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron spectroscopic imaging, are used to characterize the as-deposited foil and the final products. The heat released in the reaction is quantified using differential thermal analysis, and the velocity of the self-propagating reaction is reported.
High-Throughput Assessment of a Novel, Thiol-Acrylate Hydrogel for Tumor Spheroid Synthesis in a Microfluidic Device (2018)

The extracellular environment plays an important role in regulating cell behavior. The mechanical, structural, and compositional properties of the extracellular matrix can determine the fate of the growing cells. Standard two-dimensional culturing in a flask fails to represent a native cellular environment. To create the native environment suitable for cells, hydrogels were previously studied. One of the most extensively studied synthetic hydrogels was a poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) hydrogel. However, the need for UV polymerization may introduce unwanted changes in cell morphology and viability. The hydrogel being proposed was a form of a thiol-acrylate hydrogel that can eliminate this problem and can easily be modified to approximate a native cellular environment. To be more specific, it was a PEGDA (700 MW) and ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tri(3-mercaptopropionate) (ETMPTMP 1300 MW) hydrogel, through thiol-Michael addition instead of thiol-ene radical polymerization. This thiol-acrylate hydrogel was evaluated for its swelling behavior, degradation behavior, and elastic modulus. The hydrogel was then used to encapsulate breast cancer cells to determine the effect on the viability of the cells and on-chip microfluidics. The breast cancer cell lines used for viability testing and microfluidics were MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. All experiments were done at pH 7.4 and kept at 37.1°C.
The effects of a series of 9-alkylpurines on the growth of sensitive and 6-MP-resistant H. Ep. 2 cells. (1962)

A systematic study of the activity of 6-mercaptopurine, hypoxanthine, adenine, and 6-chloropurine substituted at the 9-position with normal alkyl and cycloalkyl groups indicates that the butyl, pentyl, cyclopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, and octyl derivatives of these purines exerted an inhibitory effect on a line of H.Ep. #2 sensitive to MP and on two sublines resistant to MP. Additionally, the data indicate that generally the MP-1 line was inhibited by the 9-alkylpurine derivatives to a greater degree than was the MP-2 line. Although both of the resistant lines were more sensitive to the short-chain normal alkyl derivatives and all the cycloalkyl derivatives than was the parent line, there was little difference in the sensitivity of all three of the cell lines to the longer-chain normal alkyl derivatives. Of the compounds tested, the most effective were the cyclohexyl derivatives, which were consistently more inhibitory against all three of the cell lines. Except for the long-chain normal alkyl purines, the derivatives of MP were more inhibitory than the corresponding alkyl derivatives of hypoxanthine, which, in turn, were more inhibitory than the corresponding derivatives of adenine and chloropurine.
GASTRIC TONOMETRY SUPPLEMENTS INFORMATION PROVIDED BY SYSTEMIC INDICATORS OF OXYGEN TRANSPORT (1994)

Uncorrected splanchnic malperfusion is associated with a higher incidence of organ dysfunction and mortality. Gastric tonometry supplements information provided by systemic indicators of oxygen transport during resuscitation of critically ill trauma patients.
Easy Tear Multilayer Film of Biaxially Oriented PA6/MXD6 by Double Bubble Tubular Film Process (2005)

Abstract In the market, a film which is adapted to environmental and barrier problems and easy tear property is desired. A previous report discussed easy tear PA6 film. This report discusses the film having not only easy tear, but also high barrier properties. A biaxially oriented PA6/MXD6 blend film produced by double bubble tubular film process does possess gas barrier. So a multilayer film having high gas barrier layer and keeping easy tear cut has been studied. High gas barrier layer of high content MXD 6 in the center layer is added to PA6/MXD6 blend film in the outer layers. When MXD6 blending ratio of PA6/MXD6 blending film layer is 30 %, the property of easy straight line cut is obtained. It is found that the plate-like cylinder structure was formed in the observation of TEM for PA6/MXD6 blend film. The multilayer biaxially oriented film composed of PA6/MXD6 blend layer and MXD6 high content layer keeps high strength, easy tear property and high gas barrier. Namely, the material and production technology of a PA6 film could solve environmental and barrier problems.
Fully automatic calibration of LIDAR and video streams from a vehicle (2009)

This work describes a fully automatic technique to calibrate a geometric mapping between lidar and video feeds on a mobile ground-based platform. This data association is a crucial first step for any multi-modal scene understanding system which aims to leverage the complementary information of the two sensors. While several systems have been previously described which use hand-calibration or specific scenery to achieve this goal, the system described here is fully automatic and generates an accurate association without user intervention or calibration objects. The estimated parameters include the 7 classical camera parameters for a linear pinhole model, i.e., rotation, position, and focal length parameters, as well as an estimation of the radial distortion. The system uses a multi stage process to bootstrap difficult parameters based on robust estimates of easier ones. The calibration algorithm is tested empirically using free online data supplied as part of the DARPA Urban Challenge autonomous vehicle competition. Experiments are performed to illustrate the stability, and computation cost of the algorithm.
Light-Load Efficiency Improvement for Buck Voltage Regulators (2009)

Extending battery life is a big challenge for today's laptop, and light-load efficiency is very important for battery life extension. In this paper, adaptive ON-time control is proposed to achieve higher efficiency when the buck converter is running in continuous current mode. A novel nonlinear inductor is then proposed to improve discontinuous-current-mode efficiency. A control method with a thorough analysis is proposed for the nonlinear inductor to achieve high efficiency, the required output voltage ripple, and sufficient transient response. The experimental results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed methods.
Endoscopic Circumferential Esophageal Mucosectomy in a Porcine Model: An Assessment of Technical Feasibility, Safety, and Outcome (2001)

Circumferential endoscopic mucosectomy of the porcine distal esophagus is feasible and safe. An adequate submucosal saline cushion is essential to prevent stenosis due to deep injury.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome: Underrecognition by clinicians and diagnostic accuracy of three clinical definitions* (2005)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome appears underrecognized by clinicians in patients who die with this syndrome. In this population, the specificities of existing clinical definitions vary considerably, which may be problematic for clinical trials.
Are miserly budgets putting businesses at risk of cyber-attack? (2018)

If you perform a search of the term ‘ransomware’ on Google, you will see two things. The first is a definition of WannaCry, the ransomware attack that, on 12 May 2017, spread around the world and affected hundreds of targets, including public utilities, large corporations and, most notably, crippled the NHS in the UK. 1 But you'll also see a series of news stories and, regardless of what day you type ‘ransomware’ into the search bar, you're likely to see stories of attacks from just days ago, or, in some cases, just hours ago. All businesses are at risk of cyber-attacks that are all too often successful. Is this due to a lack of budget, or are budgets being spent in the wrong way? Would simply spending more money be enough to help? All businesses face budget pressures – which means they need to understand how to spend their budgets wisely. And this is where managed service providers (MSPs) can play a crucial role. Tim Brown of SolarWinds explains how MSPs can supply the skills and expertise to ensure that businesses have the right combination of technology and personnel.
Depth dose flattening of electron beams using a wire mesh bolus (1995)

A common problem with low-energy electron beams (< 15 MeV) is their low surface dose when the incident electrons are monodirectional. This makes it difficult to deliver a uniform dose to tumor with any precision, limiting the clinical usefulness of such beams. A practical method is presented for greatly increasing the tissue depth enclosed by the 95% isodose region, while delivering the entire dose in a single uninterrupted treatment. Beam modification is achieved by placing a wire mesh of high atomic number (Z) on the treatment surface throughout the treatment. Electron beams of energies 6, 9, and 13 MeV are modified to produce a near uniform dose from the surface to the original depth of maximum, approximately doubling the depth enclosed by the 95% isodose. These beams have a step-function-like depth dose and can be arranged to deliver a constant dose to tumor located at varying depths while simultaneously sparing deeper tissues which are also located at varying depths. A single mesh design was found to be suitable for all energies.
ECM Study in a Closed-Cell System (1971)

Electrochemical machining (ECM) of mild steel in , , and solutions was studied in a closed‐cell system. The anodic processes are found to be different in the various solutions. In , the anodic reaction is essentially iron dissolution. In , however, most of the current is expended for oxygen generation due to the presence of an electronically conductive oxide film. A small amount of oxygen (less than approximately 10% of the current) is observed in the system. The cathodic reaction in both and solutions is hydrogen evolution. In the case of , little or no hydrogen is observed—the current is mainly consumed in reducing ions.
Peace Symbolism in Ancient Military Vocabulary (1971)

What is called the art of warfare plays in ancient literature and society an ambiguous role-perhaps being resolved in the contemporaryworld. Originally it had the indispensable function of guarding the city-state, within which the new emergent of free man appeared about simultaneously in Hellas and Israel. The earliest alphabetic texts are epics of war, which still approach the horrors of their topic with a singular realism; their heroes are men of war, an Achilles or David. But the humanism generated and protected by the militant city-state came to see itself as an international society, an academy or synagogue, whose highest task was to preserve precisely those texts which narrated its origins. As such it no longer needed that original military protection, which it came to see as more and more inconsistent with its own ideals.
Photon-gated holography: triphenylene in a boric acid glass (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhoton-gated holography: triphenylene in a boric acid glassAntonio N. Russu, Eric Vauthey, Changjiang Wei, and Urs P. WildCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 25, 10496–10503Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100178a042https://doi.org/10.1021/j100178a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Cyclodextrin‐based carbohydrate clusters by amide bond formation (2000)

Abstract Per‐6‐amino‐2,3‐dimethyl‐ß‐cyclodextrin was prepared very efficiently as its hydrochloride salt from native ß‐cyclodextrin in four steps and 89% overall yield. O ‐Acetyl‐protected ß‐D‐thioglucose and ß‐D‐thiolactose derivatives, containing short spacer arms terminated with carboxylic acid functions, were prepared by the BF 3 ·OEt 2 ‐catalyzed thioglycosylation of ß‐D‐glucose pentaacetate and ß‐lactose octaacetate with 3‐mercaptopropionic acid, respectively. Utilizing amide bond formation as the key step, these thio‐ß‐D‐glucosyl and lactosyl derivatives were coupled to per‐6‐amino‐2,3‐dimethyl‐ß‐cyclodextrin to afford, after deprotection, perfunctionalized ß‐cyclodextrin‐based clusters containing seven thio‐ß‐D‐glucosyl and seven ß‐lactosyl appendages, respectively. Molecular modeling of both these ß‐cyclodextrin‐based clusters revealed the glucose and lactose clusters to be approximately 23 Å and 27 Å in diameter, respectively, and approximately 19 Å in height in both cases. The association constants for the complexation of the anti‐inflammatory drug naproxen by ß‐cyclodextrin, per‐2,3‐dimethyl‐ß‐cyclodextrin, and the lactose cluster of ß‐cyclodextrin in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) were found by UV‐vis spectrophotometric titration to be 374 ± 75 M −1 , 351 ± 70 M −1 , and 165 ± 33 M −1 , respectively.
Specification and testing of the behavior of network management agents using SDL-92 (1996)

We develop a method for specifying the behavior of network management agents for the Internet framework using SDL-92 which is object-oriented. The starting point is the definition of a management information base (MIB) in ASN.1 with macros as well as the description of the simple network management protocol version 2 (SNMPv2 protocol). The behavior of an agent is defined in an SDL-92 process which dynamically creates processes for the rows of the tables of the MIB and in several procedures that process variable bindings in protocol data units (PDUs) and carry out specific operations on conceptual rows such as creation, retrieval, and bulk retrieval. Some reusable, MIB-independent process types and procedures are identified. For large MIBs, we first obtain a class diagram representation of the MIB. From the class diagram, the classes with behavior are mapped to process types representing conceptual rows of specific tabular objects. SNMPv2 protocol operations on these tabular objects can be easily specified with the help of MIB-independent procedures. Next, considered is the generation of test cases. MIB test cases can be generated from the SDL-92 specification using specification analysis and behavior inversion techniques. Many test cases for an example single-table MIB are designed and specified in tree and tabular combined notation (TTCN) based on the specification in SDL-92.
Heating and cooling battery electric vehicles-the final barrier (1993)

Battery electric vehicles (EVs) present a particular challenge to the development of more efficient and effective heating and cooling systems for automotive applications. Because heating-ventilating-air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are electrically powered, vehicle range is reduced when the HVAC system is operating. The alternative solutions to HVAC battery electric vehicles are identified and evaluated. These include a basis for determining HVAC boundary design assumptions and showing mathematical methods for estimating the HVAC load and energy requirements, and evaluation of the new European and Japanese approaches to wintertime heating, such as NaS battery, motor and component waste heat recovery, electric seat warmer, radiant foot warmer, electric windshield and backlight defrost, molten salt latent heat storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage and catalytic heater, and liquid fueled heater.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The polymerase chain reaction for the detection of <i>borrelia burgdorferi</i> in human body fluids (1993)

These data demonstrate the potential utility of PCR in confirming the clinical diagnosis of Lyme disease as well as providing insight into the pathogenesis of various stages of this disorder.
Overexpression of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis manB</i>, a phosphomannomutase that increases phosphatidylinositol mannoside biosynthesis in <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i> and mycobacterial association with human macrophages (2005)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) pathogenesis involves the interaction between the mycobacterial cell envelope and host macrophage, a process mediated, in part, by binding of the mannose caps of M. tb lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) to the macrophage mannose receptor (MR). A presumed critical step in the biosynthesis of ManLAM, and other mannose-containing glycoconjugates, is the conversion of mannose-6-phosphate to mannose-1-phosphate, by a phosphomannomutase (PMM), to produce GDP-mannose, the primary mannose-donor in mycobacteria. We have identified four M. tb H37Rv genes with similarity to known PMMs. Using in vivo complementation of PMM and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) deficient strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and an in vitro enzyme assay, we have identified both PMM and PGM activity from one of these genes, Rv3257c (MtmanB). MtmanB overexpression in M. smegmatis produced increased levels of LAM, lipomannan, and phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs) compared with control strains and led to a 13.3 +/- 3.9-fold greater association of mycobacteria with human macrophages, in a mannan-inhibitable fashion. This increased association was mediated by the overproduction of higher order PIMs that possess mannose cap structures. We conclude that MtmanB encodes a functional PMM involved in the biosynthesis of mannosylated lipoglycans that participate in the association of mycobacteria with macrophage phagocytic receptors.
The Landscape of Britain: From the Beginnings to 1914 (1992)

The landscape of Britain has an extraordinarily rich historical density and this lavishly illustrated book explores some of the principal themes in its history. The landscape of today is the product both of natural geological processes and of some 10,000 years of human habitation. Professor Michael Reed looks at the main factors at work in its evolution and examines the evidence that enables us to recreate landscapes of the past. Britain's landscape is a palimpsest, a text upon which each generation was written its own social autobiography without, however, being able to erase the contribution of its predecessors. This remarkable book examines the endless processes of accretion which have created the rural and urban landscapes as today's inhabitants have inherited them from the past. It will appeal to those interested in exploring the rich diversity of Britain, as well as regional and historical geographers. Contents: Part I: Foundations; Part II: Medieval Britain; Part III: Towards the modern world; Index.
Explicit characterization of all feedback-linearizing controllers for a general type brushless DC motor (1994)

In this note, we consider feedback-linearizing control of brushless DC motors which have been increasingly used in high-performance servo applications. We completely characterize the whole class of the feedback controllers that enable the brushless DC motors to behave like linear systems but without torque ripple. The whole class of the feedback-linearizing controllers is characterized in the explicit form which contains a function to be chosen freely. The previously known controllers correspond to either the particular ones in our whole class of the feedback-linearizing controllers or their truncated Fourier expansions. This free function can be used to achieve other control objectives as well as linear dynamic characteristics. Furthermore, our feedback-linearizing controllers can be easily determined from the measurement data of back EMF and can be used even for the case of asymmetric back EMF.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
L'Any Internacional dels i les joves (2010)

Hasta el 11 de agosto de 2011, se celebra el Ano Internacional de la Juventud, proclamado por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas. El objetivo es promover los ideales de paz, respeto a los derechos humanos y solidaridad