gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic Microwave Network Analysis for Multilayer Printed Circuit Boards With Vias and Decoupling Capacitors (2010)

An efficient microwave network method is proposed for signal and power integrity analysis of a multilayer printed circuit board with multiple vias and decoupling capacitors. The multilayer parallel plate structure is described as a cascaded microwave network. The admittance matrix of a single plate pair with ports defined in via holes both on top and bottom plates is obtained through the intrinsic via circuit model and impedance matrix between two plates. A recursive algorithm is provided to obtain the combined admittance matrix of two layers of plate pair coupled through via holes on a common plate. Decoupling capacitors are naturally treated as impedance loads to the cascaded admittance network. Numerical simulations and measurements have been used to validate the method and good agreements have been observed. While the method is as accurate as full-wave numerical solvers, it achieves much higher efficiencies both in CPU time and memory requirements.
New Construction of Ortho Ring-Alkylated Phenols via Generation and Reaction of Assorted <i>o-</i>Quinone Methides (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNew Construction of Ortho Ring-Alkylated Phenols via Generation and Reaction of Assorted o-Quinone MethidesRyan W. Van De Water, Derek J. Magdziak, Jennifer N. Chau, and Thomas R. R. PettusView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 27, 6502–6503Publication Date (Web):June 23, 2000Publication History Received2 December 1999Revised8 May 2000Published online23 June 2000Published inissue 1 July 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja994209shttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja994209srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1868Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Aromatic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Ketones,Reagents Get e-Alerts
Conclusoes empiricas sobre o vinculo entre crescimento e pobreza (2000)

Many people have questioned whether the world's poor share in economic growth. This note synthesizes the empirical evidence. The data show that economic growth typically reduces poverty and can usually be deemed pro-poor. But there is wide divergence across countries. In some cases the poor have gained relatively little from growth; in other cases they have benefited disproportionately. Available data may have weaknesses because most empirical studies of poverty are based on measures of income or consumption. But poverty is a state in which the quality of a person's life falls short of some recognized standard of well-being, and so it requires that additional dimensions be considered.
Estimating Specular Roughness and Anisotropy from Second Order Spherical Gradient Illumination (2009)

Abstract This paper presents a novel method for estimating specular roughness and tangent vectors, per surface point, from polarized second order spherical gradient illumination patterns. We demonstrate that for isotropic BRDFs, only three second order spherical gradients are sufficient to robustly estimate spatially varying specular roughness. For anisotropic BRDFs, an additional two measurements yield specular roughness and tangent vectors per surface point. We verify our approach with different illumination configurations which project both discrete and continuous fields of gradient illumination. Our technique provides a direct estimate of the per‐pixel specular roughness and thus does not require off‐line numerical optimization that is typical for the measure‐and‐fit approach to classical BRDF modeling.
Engineering distributed objects (2000)

The pay-offs for creating distributed applications are in achieving portability, scalability and fault-tolerance. In order to simplify building software that performs robustly regardless of platform or network infrastructure, a new strata of middleware has been created. This book provides a conceptual framework within which to describe object-oriented middleware for the integration of distributed objects. UML is used to explain distributed systems concepts. Presenting both an extended case study and smaller illustrative examples, there are plenty of coded examples in Java, C++, CORBA IDL and Microsoft IDL, which reflect the reality of todays multi-language heterogeneous systems. This is a book for developers who are new to programming in distributed environments. It also supports a variety of courses where the central theme is object-oriented development with middleware technologies. The book shows the middleware concepts and principles using examples taken from: OMG/CORBA Microsoft COM Java/RMI On the accompanying website are exercises, sample solutions and working code for the examples. This site is also designed for instructors to assist them with course development and delivery.
A 2 GHz High Isolation DPDT Switch MMIC (2006)

A double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switch monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) has been designed to operate from dc to 2 GHz using a commercial 0.18-/spl mu/m GaAs pseudomorphic high electron-mobility transistor (pHEMT) process. The DPDT switch employs four shunt FET blocks to achieve high isolation. The ON gate bias is set to 0.6 V to reduce the insertion loss. The simulated results of the DPDT switch chip show an insertion loss of less than 0.61 dB and isolation of more than 50 dB up to 2 GHz.
<i>Stenotrophomonas</i> and <i>Lysobacter</i> : ubiquitous plant‐associated <i>gamma‐</i> proteobacteria of developing significance in applied microbiology (2009)

The exploration of new source materials and the use of alternative isolation and identification methods have led to rapid expansion in the knowledge of diversity; in Lysobacter, 11 new species having been described since 2005, and in Stenotrophomonas with six new species since 2000. The new species of Lysobacter, isolated by dilution and direct plating on standard media, differ in several key phenotypic properties from those obtained by enrichment on complex polysaccharides in the original description of the genus. Revision of the definition of the genus will be required. Both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods to assess community structure, in a variety of host and nonhost environments, have established that some species of Lysobacter are a dominant component of the microflora, where previously their presence had not been suspected. Culture-independent studies have generally not added new information on the occurrence and distribution of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other members of the genus, which are readily isolated on standard media from source materials. Lysobacter enzymogenes and Sten. maltophilia produce similar antibiotics and share some enzyme activities which, subject to safety considerations, may make them attractive candidates for use in biological control of plant diseases and of nematodes.
High-precision laser cutting of high-temperature superconductors (1996)

A laser-cutting technique was used to pattern high-temperature superconducting single crystals with high precision into various shapes. The low mean power of 135 mW of the laser enables one to produce cuts of arbitrary shape without affecting the superconducting parameters. This was proven by local observations of the magnetic flux distribution using the magnetooptical Faraday effect.
Modifications in the Lactobacillus Casei Assay of Serum Folate Activity (1966)

Journal Article Modifications in the Lactobacillus Casei Assay of Serum Folate Activity Get access Mehran Goulian, M.D., Mehran Goulian, M.D. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and the Hematology Unit of the Medical Service of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Dr. Goulian’s present address is Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar William S. Beck, M.D. William S. Beck, M.D. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and the Hematology Unit of the Medical Service of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 46, Issue 3_ts, September 1966, Pages 390–391, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/46.3_ts.390 Published: 01 September 1966 Article history Received: 10 January 1966 Published: 01 September 1966
Phase II study of gemcitabine and vindesine in patients with previously untreated non-resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (1999)

Because both vindesine and gemcitabine are active drugs in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with different modes of action and only partly overlapping toxicity, a phase II study was performed. Gemcitabine 1000 mg m(-2) was given on days 1, 8 and 15 every 4 weeks, while vindesine 3 mg m(-2) was administered weekly for 7 weeks, then every 2 weeks. A total of 42 patients with nonresectable NSCLC were included. The median age of patients was 56 years; 57% were men, 52% had adenocarcinoma, 31% squamous cell carcinoma and 17% had large-cell carcinoma. The performance status ranged from 0 to 2 with 83% in performance status 1. The majority (55%) had stage IV disease, while 40% had stage III B and 5% stage III A disease. WHO grade 3-4 leucopenia occurred in five patients (12%) and 9% had grade 4 neutropenia. Thrombocytopenia grade 3-4 was observed in six patients (15%). There were no septic death or bleeding episodes. One patient had a transient WHO grade 4 increase in bilirubin, and four patients had a decrease in glomerular filtration rate below the normal limit; one of these patients developed a non-reversible renal insufficiency. Ten patients (24%) complained of dyspnoea of uncertain mechanism, possibly involving bronchoconstriction. There were one complete and seven partial responses among 40 assessable patients (20%, 95% confidence limits 9-36%). Median response duration was 31 weeks (range 11-83 weeks) and median survival time 31 weeks (range 2-171 weeks). The current combination of gemcitabine and vindesine does not appear to be promising for further examination because of the toxicity and somewhat disappointing activity.
Scalable analysis and design of ad hoc networks via random graph theory (2002)

We lay down the foundations of a new approach for the scalable analysis of ad hoc networks, with special regard to the properties of the random network topology. The proposed methodology is rooted in the theory of random graphs, but we significantly extend the conventional random graph model, as in its original form it would be too sterile to capture realistic ad hoc networks. We analyze some fundamental properties of the proposed new, general model and demonstrate that it is capable of solving analysis/design problems which would otherwise be difficult to capture.
Asparagine repeat function in a <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> protein assessed via a regulatable fluorescent affinity tag (2011)

One in four proteins in Plasmodium falciparum contains asparagine repeats. We probed the function of one such 28-residue asparagine repeat present in the P. falciparum proteasome lid subunit 6, Rpn6. To aid our efforts, we developed a regulatable, fluorescent affinity (RFA) tag that allows cellular localization, manipulation of cellular levels, and affinity isolation of a chosen protein in P. falciparum. The tag comprises a degradation domain derived from Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase together with GFP. The expression of RFA-tagged proteins is regulated by the simple folate analog trimethoprim (TMP). Parasite lines were generated in which full-length Rpn6 and an asparagine repeat-deletion mutant of Rpn6 were fused to the RFA tag. The knockdown of Rpn6 upon removal of TMP revealed that this protein is essential for ubiquitinated protein degradation and for parasite survival, but the asparagine repeat is dispensable for protein expression, stability, and function. The data point to a genomic mechanism for repeat perpetuation rather than a positive cellular role. The RFA tag should facilitate study of the role of essential genes in parasite biology.
Improving our fundamental understanding of the role of aerosol−cloud interactions in the climate system (2016)

The effect of an increase in atmospheric aerosol concentrations on the distribution and radiative properties of Earth's clouds is the most uncertain component of the overall global radiative forcing from preindustrial time. General circulation models (GCMs) are the tool for predicting future climate, but the treatment of aerosols, clouds, and aerosol-cloud radiative effects carries large uncertainties that directly affect GCM predictions, such as climate sensitivity. Predictions are hampered by the large range of scales of interaction between various components that need to be captured. Observation systems (remote sensing, in situ) are increasingly being used to constrain predictions, but significant challenges exist, to some extent because of the large range of scales and the fact that the various measuring systems tend to address different scales. Fine-scale models represent clouds, aerosols, and aerosol-cloud interactions with high fidelity but do not include interactions with the larger scale and are therefore limited from a climatic point of view. We suggest strategies for improving estimates of aerosol-cloud relationships in climate models, for new remote sensing and in situ measurements, and for quantifying and reducing model uncertainty.
Associations between lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphisms and insulin resistance in coronary heart disease. (2000)

We suggest that the LPL gene Hind III allele might be associated with insulin resistance in nondiabetic men with CHD. However, further studies with larger populations of both sexes will be required to confirm this finding.
Recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) system for functional genomics studies in Mycoplasma mycoides (2015)

This method offers an easy and efficient way to manipulate the M. mycoides genome and will be a valuable tool for functional genomic studies, such as genome organization and minimization.
Abolished InsP3R2 function inhibits sweat secretion in both humans and mice (2014)

There are 3 major sweat-producing glands present in skin; eccrine, apocrine, and apoeccrine glands. Due to the high rate of secretion, eccrine sweating is a vital regulator of body temperature in response to thermal stress in humans; therefore, an inability to sweat (anhidrosis) results in heat intolerance that may cause impaired consciousness and death. Here, we have reported 5 members of a consanguineous family with generalized, isolated anhidrosis, but morphologically normal eccrine sweat glands. Whole-genome analysis identified the presence of a homozygous missense mutation in ITPR2, which encodes the type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R2), that was present in all affected family members. We determined that the mutation is localized within the pore forming region of InsP3R2 and abrogates Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, which suggests that intracellular Ca2+ release by InsP3R2 in clear cells of the sweat glands is important for eccrine sweat production. Itpr2-/- mice exhibited a marked reduction in sweat secretion, and evaluation of sweat glands from Itpr2-/- animals revealed a decrease in Ca2+ response compared with controls. Together, our data indicate that loss of InsP3R2-mediated Ca2+ release causes isolated anhidrosis in humans and suggest that specific InsP3R inhibitors have the potential to reduce sweat production in hyperhidrosis.
Invasion of Chicken Reproductive Tissues and Forming Eggs Is Not Unique to Salmonella enteritidis (1997)

Experiments were conducted in which Salmonella enteritidis Phage Type 8, Phage Type 2, and RDNC (reaction does not conform) or three isolates of Salmonella typhimurium of diverse origin were fed to adult laying hens to determine if S. enteritidis has a selective advantage over S. typhimurium, which is now rarely isolated from chicken eggs, in its capacity to invade reproductive tissues. The results revealed that S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium may be equal in their potential to colonize the tissues of the reproductive tract and eggs that are forming in the oviduct prior to oviposition. S. enteritidis, but not S. typhimurium, was isolated from egg contents after oviposition. The degree to which intestinal, hepatic, splenic, or reproductive tissues were colonized by either serotype was not seen to affect the rate of colonization of eggs forming in the oviduct or the contamination of eggs after oviposition. Virulence factors related to the difference in the association of S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium with egg-borne salmonellosis remain to be defined.
An investigation of the switching criteria for higher order contactor servomechanisms (1954)

The use of a linear anticipatory switching network in an on-off servomechanism, while improving system stability, does not result in optimum response. Mathematical analysis of second order systems indicates that the network should be a nonlinear function of error and error rate. This paper describes a method for deriving the switching criterion for a “piecewise” linear on-off servo of order greater than two, when the input variable is limited to a step function of position and velocity. The switching criterion results in system error and in derivatives of error reducing to zero in a minimum time. System behavior is described in the principal co-ordinate phase space. Starting at a point in the phase space corresponding to the initial conditions, the representative point moves in a series of discontinuous trajectories determined by the sign of the controlled variable, eventually reaching the origin. The sequence of sign reversals represents the desired switching criterion.
Accuracy Based Adaptive Sampling and Multi-Sensor Scheduling for Collaborative Target Tracking (2006)

Tracking is an essential capability in many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. Due to the probabilistic nature of the target movement and the limited detection region and miss detection of sensor, this existing single sensor sensing scheme may result in tracking failure when a scheduled sensor fails to detect the target. We present an adaptive multi-sensor scheduling algorithm for collaborative target tracking in WSNs to improve the tracking reliability and power efficient. This proposed scheme determines the sampling intervals based on the predicted tracking accuracy, and selects a number of sensors to form a temporary tasking group for the next time step, based on a specified detection probability. One of the tasking group members is selected to be the leader node, which acts as a local temporary fusion center
A Novel Hexagonal Search Algorithm for Fast Block Matching Motion Estimation (2002)

Based on real-world image sequence characteristics of center-biased motion vector distribution, a Hexagonal (HS) algorithm with center-biased checking point pattern for fast block motion estimation is proposed. The HS is compared with full search (FS), four-step search (4SS), new three-step search (NTSS), and recently proposed diamond search (DS) methods. Experimental results show that the proposed technique provides competitive performance with reduced computational complexity.
A Novel Method For Improving The Defocus Tolerance In Step And Repeat Photolithography (1987)

Higher numerical aperture and shorter exposure wave length are important in attaining high resolution step and repeat photolithography. However, the usable depth of focus tends to be shallower when using higher numerical aperture lenses and shorter exposure wave length. This contradiction is a major obstacle in submicron photo-lithography. In this paper, a novel method for enlarging the defocus tolerance, Focus Latitude enhancement EXposure method (FLEX) is presented. FLEX is a method that focuses the image on the upper and lower levels of the steps on the wafer surface and takes multiple exposures of the same position under different focusing conditions. This method was applied to the i-line(365nm) stepper with 0.42 numerical aperture. A practical focal range expanded to 5μm. This amount of defocus tolerance is approximately three times larger than that of the conventional method. In FLEX, the image contrast of line/space patterns are lower than that of the conventional method. However, the contrast enhanced layer improves the image contrast greatly. Using FLEX, submicron contact hole patterns are successfully delineated over a 10μm step height.
A Coherent Digital Amplitude and Phase Modulation Scheme (1962)

In this paper, we present a technique for a combination of amplitude and phase modulation for digital communication. This technique assumes phase coherence between transmitter and receiver. For purposes of analysis, we also assume baud synchronization. The technique involves the simultaneous and independent amplitude modulation of two carriers of the same frequency which are in quadrature with each other. The demodulation process consists of the separation of the in-phase and quadrature components followed by amplitude detection. This scheme appears to be easier to implement than either the system studied by C. R. Cahn or the system investigated by J. C. Hancock and R. W. Lucky. Furthermore this system is comparable in reliability to the latter scheme.
Proliferative potential of the attached cells of human junctional epithelium (1994)

Samples of the attached cells of junctional epithelium (DAT cells) were obtained during extractions of eight erupted bicuspids from young healthy subjects. Each extracted tooth, with its layer of living DAT cells, was incubated for three hours in minimum essential medium (MEM) containing 5 microCi/ml of 3H-thymidine, and prepared for autoradiography. An average of 3 labeled cells per 1 mm of the epithelial attachment was found along the vertical dimension of the tooth. The attachment of an individual cell to the tooth surface was found to be a prerequisite for the cell's DNA synthesis suggesting that the tooth has a nonspecific epigenetic role in defining the functional phenotype of the DAT cells. Even the most coronal DAT cells located about 200 microns apical from the plaque border, were found to synthesize DNA. The finding suggests that mechanisms which regulate the multiplication of DAT cells are involved in the preservation of the integrity of the dentogingival junction.