gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen, 3. Purification (2011)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Low‐Temperature Processes 2.1. Condensation Processes 2.2. Condensation and Rectification 2.3. Low‐Temperature Absorption Processes 3. Adsorption Processes 3.1. Principles 3.2. Thermally Regenerated Adsorbers 3.3. Pressure‐Swing Adsorption (PSA) 4. Catalytic Gas Purification 4.1. Carbon Monoxide Removal 4.2. Methanation 4.3. Selective Oxidation 4.4. Catalytic Removal of Sulfur Compounds 4.5. Removal of Oxygen 4.6. Removal of Nitrogen Oxides 5. Scrubbing Processes 5.1. Principles 5.2. Physical Scrubbing (Rectisol Process) 5.3. Chemical Scrubbing Processes 6. Permeation Processes 6.1. Metal Membrane Techniques 6.2. Polymer Membrane Processes
Fermentation of Acid-pretreated Corn Stover to Ethanol Without Detoxification Using Pichia stipitis (2007)

In this work, the effect of adaptation on P. stipitis fermentation using acidpretreated corn stover hydrolyzates without detoxification was examined. Two different types of adaptation were employed, liquid hydrolyzate and solid state agar adaptation. Fermentation of 12.5% total solids undetoxified acid-pretreated corn stover was performed in shake flasks at different rotation speeds. At low rotation speed (100 rpm), both liquid hydrolyzate and solid agar adaptation highly improved the sugar consumption rate as well as ethanol production rate compared to the wild-type strains. The fermentation rate was higher for solid agar-adapted strains compared to liquid hydrolyzate-adapted strains. At a higher rotation speed (150 rpm), there was a faster sugar consumption and ethanol production for both the liquid-adapted and the wild-type strains. However, improvements in the fermentation rate between the liquid-adapted and wild strains were less pronounced at the high rotation speed.
Safe, successful nausea suppression in early pregnancy with P-6 acustimulation. (2001)

Because current pharmacologic treatments for nausea in early pregnancy are not consistent, efficacious or without unwanted side effects or increased teratogenic risks, acustimulation of P-6 in pregnancy may prove to be a significant therapeutic alternative.
Survival of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons in the Brain of a Primate Model of Parkinson's Disease (2011)

Before induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be used to treat neurologic diseases, human iPSC-derived neural cells must be analyzed in the primate brain. In fact, although mouse and human iPSCs have been used to generate dopaminergic (DA) neurons that are beneficial in rat models of Parkinson's disease (PD), human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have not been examined in primate brains. Here, we generated NPCs at different stages of predifferentiation using a feeder-free culture method, and grafted them into the brains of a monkey PD model and NOD-SCID mice. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), immunocytochemistry, and behavioral analyses revealed that NPCs pretreated with Sonic hedgehog and fibroblast growth factor-8 followed by glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ascorbic acid, and dibutyryl cyclic AMP resulted in smaller grafts than those without these treatments, and survived as DA neurons in a monkey brain as long as six months. Thus, for the first time, we describe a feeder-free neural differentiation method from human iPSCs and an evaluation system that can be used to assess monkey PD models.
Deficiencies and excessive human complement system activation in disorders of multifarious etiology. (2013)

Complement is an integral part of the immune system protecting the host organism against invasion and proliferation of various microorganisms. It is also involved in the removal of the body's own damaged and altered cells. Activation of the complement system is a very precise process and it is strictly controlled by regulatory proteins present in both plasma and at host cells' surfaces. C3 protein plays a major role in the complement activation and generation of immune responses. Deficiencies of the C3 and other complement components, so-called early and late complement proteins, contribute to the emergence of recurrent bacterial, viral and fungal infections. The low level of mannose-binding lectin is also important. This protein plays a protective role in the early stages of infection and in the control of inflammation. Its deficit is one of the most common reasons for human immunodeficiency, observed in microbial infections as well as in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, the excessive activation of complement proteins is often discovered to be the reason for many diseases. These include e.g. autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's syndrome, schizophrenia, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, angioedema, macular degeneration, and Crohn's disease.
Probing specific gravity in real-time with graphene oxide plasmonics (2017)

Graphene oxide enhanced SPR sensor for specific gravity detection of food analytes.
Studies on Space Organization of Hieizan-Enryakuji Temple Area (1970)

Analysis for phenomenal system which appears at space organizatino in Hieizan-Enryakuji Temple area was discussed through natural system, physical system and visual system. And moreover, this study was progressed to find out the system in overlapping elements of phenomenal and cognitive system and to discuss the order among individual cognitive system of them.The study is intended to eliminate the peculiality of physical system as the process of structurization of the city and region and to lead the esscntial consideration which means the principle of space organization element in the city and region.If the principle of space organization element for space design is considered as the measure to find out the descovery of unity for space design which will be to exist, the foundamental element of space organization has to satisfy the requirement of unity in naturally.The term of requirement of unity in here does not mean congregation which the space organization element gather individually and means the conection of total element by mutual complemental bonds.The study must be considered to arrange and rearrange the order of element in space organization as interrelation between natural system, physical system and visual system and should be intended to create more humanized space through the research of human behaviour.
Novel Carboxylated Oligothiophenes as Sensitizers in Photoelectric Conversion Systems (2005)

Novel carboxylated oligothiophenes with different thiophene units were designed and synthesized as photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for efficient opto-electric materials. The introduction of -COOH into thiophene molecules can lead to a red shift of UV-visible absorption, increase light-harvesting efficiency, and enhance photoinduced charge transport by forming efficient covalent bonds to the substrate surface. A red shift of the absorption spectrum of oligothiophene is also achieved by the increase in the number of thiophene units. The DSSCs based on the oligomers have excellent photovoltaic performances. Under 100 mW cm(-2) irradiation a short-circuit current of 10.57 mA cm(-2) and an overall energy conversion efficiency of 3.36 % is achieved when pentathiophene dicarboxylated acid was used as a sensitizer. The incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) has a maximum as high as 80 %. In addition, photovoltage and photocurrent transients show that slow charge recombination in DSSCs is important for efficient charge separation and excellent photoelectric conversion properties of the oligomers. These initial and promising results suggest that carboxylated oligothiophenes are efficient photosensitizers.
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness to Methacholine in Patients with Impaired Left Ventricular Function (1989)

To elucidate the pathogenesis of bronchospasm in congestive heart failure, we studied 23 patients with chronic impairment of left ventricular function due to coronary artery disease or dilated cardiomyopathy. In 21 of them we found marked bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. The mean dose (+/- SD) of methacholine that elicited a 20 percent decrease in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was 421 +/- 298 micrograms, nearly the same as in patients with symptomatic asthma. In contrast, there was no bronchial response to methacholine in 9 of 10 patients who had coronary artery disease but normal left ventricular function. Administration of the bronchodilator albuterol led to a partial (43 percent) reversal of the methacholine-induced bronchial obstruction. In 12 patients, pretreatment with the alpha-adrenergic agonist methoxamine (10 mg by inhalation), a potent vasoconstrictor, fully prevented the methacholine-induced decrease in FEV1. The protective effect of methoxamine was blocked by the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine in all six patients who received this agent. We conclude that bronchial hyperresponsiveness to cholinergic agonists is frequent in patients with impaired left ventricular function and may contribute to the wheezy dyspnea commonly observed in such patients. The bronchoconstriction may be mediated at least in part by dilatation of the bronchial vessels.
Characteristics of Micro-structure of Induction Heating Tempered Spring Steel (1988)

It was clearly shown in the previous paper that Induction Heating Tempering (IHT) showed an independent effect on strengthening and toughening of Si-Cr spring steel (SUP12) apart from the effect of grain refining by Induction Heating austenitizing and Quenching (IHQ).So, in order to clarify the cause of the effect of IHT on strengthening and toughening the micro-structureof IHT and Furnace Heating Tempered (FHT) materials was investigated. The results are as follows :(1) The amount of grain boundary precipitation of carbide in IHT material is slightly less than that in FHT material. And in the case of comparatively higher hardness material such as HRC=53, carbide particle in IHT material is smaller than that in FHT material.(2) These characteristics of micro-structure coincided with consideration about the mechanical properties, the nucleation and growth process of austenite from tempered structure, and the calculation results about carbide precipitation.(3) Retained austenite in IHT material is also effective for strengthening and toughening, but the effect is less than that of carbide precipitation.
Advances in phonetic word spotting (2001)

Phonetic speech retrieval is used to augment word based retrieval in spoken document retrieval systems, for in and out of vocabulary words. In this paper, we present a new indexing and ranking scheme using metaphones and a Bayesian phonetic edit distance. We conduct an extensive set of experiments using a hundred hours of HUB4 data with ground truth transcript and twenty-four thousands query words. We show improvement of up to 15% in precision compare to results obtained speech recognition alone, at a processing time of 0.5 Sec per query.
SP-TCP: a self-protective energy efficient communication strategy for IEEE 802.11 WLANs (2005)

We propose a novel energy efficient communication strategy, called SP-TPC, for IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs (WLANs). SP-TPC utilizes both transmit power control (TPC) and PHY rate adaptation in order to minimize the communication energy consumption while maximizing the throughput performance. When TPC is employed in the 802.11 WLAN, the overall performance may be degraded due to the potential increase of hidden stations, and hence the request-to-send/clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) exchange is typically used in conjunction with TPC in order to eliminate hidden stations. However, the RTS/CTS exchange is an expensive solution since it itself consumes energy as well as precious bandwidth. By taking advantage of the existing clear channel assessment (CCA) mechanism intelligently, SP-TPC does not introduce any extra hidden stations, and hence RTS/CTS exchange is not needed if hidden stations did not exist without TPC. Through simulations, we demonstrate that SP-TPC outperforms other TPC strategies consistently in terms of both throughput and energy efficiency in small and mid-ranged WLAN environments.
Interfacial tension of poly(<i>p</i>‐phenylene sulfide) with other polymer melts (1994)

Abstract The interfacial tension of poly( p ‐phenylene sulfide) (PPS) with various thermoplastics of different compostion and polarity has been carried out using the breaking thread and pendent drop methods. The value of the polyethylene (PE)/PPS interfacial tension is found to be intermediate between PE/polysulfone and PE/polycarbonate. The highest interfacial tension for PPS found in the systems studied was with polyamide‐6 followed by PE. The lowest values were with polysulfone followed by polystyrene. The effects of small additions of polysulfone and polystyrene in PPS on interfacial tension is studied with various thermoplastics. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Advances in the Development of the Interferometric Otoscope (1996)

Present measurement techniques for middle ear function have inherent limitations because they are either spatially insensitive (acoustic immittance) or descriptive and qualitative in nature (otoscopy). By integrating advances in electrooptic technology (fiber optics, miniature diode lasers, solid-state detector arrays) and digital processing, further advances are possible. On the basis of measurements taken with electronic speckle-pattern interferometry on human temporal bones and models, we demonstrate quantitative static and dynamic vibration/displacement characteristics of the tympanic membrane with high spatial resolution. Our presentation emphasizes advantages of optically based methods and demonstrates computerized signal processing capable of fringe localization, enhancement, and counting. Miniaturization and real-time digital image processing in the clinical setting is the goal of this research.
Using Metaphors to Uncover the Selves in my Practice (2009)

This study describes how one teacher educator used metaphor as a self-study tool over an eight-year period. Several methods of eliciting metaphors are discussed and the effects of multiple metaphors on the educator's perspectives on practice are highlighted. The interplay among the metaphors and their meaning is described and used to provide additional insights. The work demonstrates how long-term use of metaphors can be a way to step back from practice, take a new look at the meaning of the particulars of practice, and reframe events of practice. Potential avenues for improvement of practice emerged from these interpretations, and the effects of these changes and possible future efforts are discussed.
Promoting Online Databases/Electronic Resources: A Practical Experience (2013)

Online Databases/Electronic resources (E-resources) are becoming increasingly essential for libraries of all types and sizes. The paper is from the practical experience at SVKM's NMIMS (A Deemed to be University), Mumbai. Highlighting the advantages of e-resources, this paper addresses the promotion of electronic information in the group of institutions of SVKM. A few suggestions are also put forward for promoting Online Databases/E-resources in library which include creating motivation, use of blackboard, newsletter, orientation programmes, OPAC, institutional website, etc.
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation Before Squat Exercise and Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (2010)

The authors examined the effect of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on squat-exercise-induced delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) using 12 young, healthy, untrained female participants. The experiment was conducted with a crossover double-blind design. In the morning on the exercise-session day, the participants ingested either BCAA (isoleucine:leucine:valine = 1:2.3:1.2) or dextrin at 100 mg/kg body weight before the squat exercise, which consisted of 7 sets of 20 squats/set with 3-min intervals between sets. DOMS showed a peak on Days 2 and 3 in both trials, but the level of soreness was significantly lower in the BCAA trial than in the placebo. Leg-muscle force during maximal voluntary isometric contractions was measured 2 d after exercise (Day 3), and the BCAA supplementation suppressed the muscle-force decrease (to ~80% of the value recorded under the control conditions) observed in the placebo trial. Plasma BCAA concentrations, which decreased after exercise in the placebo trial, were markedly elevated during the 2 hr postexercise in the BCAA trial. Serum myoglobin concentration was increased by exercise in the placebo but not in the BCAA trial. The concentration of plasma elastase as an index of neutrophil activation appeared to increase after the squat exercise in both trials, but the change in the elastase level was significant only in the placebo trial. These results suggest that muscle damage may be suppressed by BCAA supplementation.
Method for the Determination of 222Rn (Radon) and 220Rn (Thoron) - Exhalation Rates Using Alpha-Spectroscopy (1982)

Method for the Determination of 222Rn (Radon) and 220Rn (Thoron) - Exhalation Rates Using Alpha-Spectroscopy Get access G. Keller, G. Keller Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K.H. Folkerts, K.H. Folkerts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Muth H. Muth Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 3, Issue 1-2, 1 September 1982, Pages 83–89, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a081158 Published: 01 September 1982
CGP-12177. A hydrophilic beta-adrenergic receptor radioligand reveals high affinity binding of agonists to intact cells. (1983)

A new, hydrophilic beta-adrenergic receptor radioligand, (+/-)-[3H]CGP-12177 (4-(3-tertiarybutylamino-2-hydroxypropoxy)-benzimidazole-2-on hydrochloride), was synthesized and radiolabeled to 40 Ci/mmol. The nonspecific binding of this compound to turkey erythrocyte ghosts and C6 glioma cell membranes was less than 5% of the total binding at five times the appropriate KD. Binding assays of intact C6 glioma cells also showed low nonspecific binding, less than 20% of the total binding at five times the appropriate KD. The affinities of the antagonists (-)- and (+)-propranolol as well as of the agonist (-)-isoproterenol were examined by their potency to displace various radioligands from intact C6 glioma cell and membrane preparations. With membrane preparations, both [3H] CGP-12177 and [3H]dihydroalprenolol (DHA) were displaced stereospecifically by the antagonists (-)- and (+)-propranolol and the agonist (-)-isoproterenol. With whole cells, [3H]CGP-12177 and [3H]DHA behaved differently. [3H]DHA and [3H]carazolol could be stereospecifically displaced by antagonists but only partially displaced by agonists, while [3H]CGP-12177 could be completely displaced by both antagonists and agonists as in membranes. In contrast to [3H]CGP-12177, the lipophilic ligand [3H]DHA is actually taken up by cells. The inability of agonists to displace lipophilic radioligands from receptors on intact cells may not be due to a low affinity of agonists for receptors on cells, but to an agonist-induced change in the receptors which renders them inaccessible to hydrophilic agonists and antagonists. This change is likely to be their internalization into the cell.
식용유지 산화에 대한 프로폴리스(Propolis)별 항산화 효과 (2003)

국산 프로폴리스(GBWEP)를 중탕과 실온에서 추출한 후, 식용유지에 대한 유지 산화안정도를 측정하여 항산화 효과를 검토하였다. 또한 국산과 외국산 Sigma사 프로폴리스(SWEP)와의 항산화 효과도 비교 실험하였다. 중탕에서 추출한 WEP는 일반적인 방법인 실온에서 추출한 WEP보다 유의적으로 양호한 항산화 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 국내산 GBWEP의 항산화 효과는 SWEP의 ascorbic acid보다도 우수하였다. 특히 GBWEP를 중탕 처리한 WEP가 실온에서 추출한 WEP보다 항산화 효과가 뛰어났다. 프로폴리스는 retention time 3∼10분과 18∼23분 사이에서 저비점과 고비점 물질로 크게 분류되었다. 특히 100℃ 이하와 150℃이상에서 많은 구성성분 피크들이 분포되었다. 이것은 프로폴리스의 구성성분들이 100℃ 이하에서와 150℃ 이상에서 주로 추출되는 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 프로폴리스를 70∼95℃에서 중탕 처리함으로써 저비점의 수용성 성분들이 다량 추출되어 항산화 효과에 영향을 주었던 것으로 생각된다.
Scheduling semiconductor lines using a fluid network model (1994)

We present a novel method for "what's next" scheduling of semiconductor manufacturing lines based on the deterministic fluid network model of Chen and Yao. By "what's next" scheduling we mean specifying the order in which jobs are processed at each tool group. The approach we take here is first to determine how to allocate tool capacity among competing job types by solving a series of linear and quadratic programming problems related to the fluid model and then to specify a "what's next" scheduling algorithm designed to track these capacity allocations. The primary advantage of our approach is that it gives rise to a dynamic schedule which is based on global rather than local state information and which is responsive to stochastic changes in the line including tool incapacitation events and operator unavailability. This is in contrast to many other scheduling rules, such as first come first served and closest to completion which are essentially static rules based on local information. We also present some theoretical results about the fluid model that have important implications in the context of semiconductor manufacturing as well as some preliminary simulation results comparing the fluid model to other scheduling policies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Locality Sensitive Outlier Detection: A ranking driven approach (2011)

Outlier detection is fundamental to a variety of database and analytic tasks. Recently, distance-based outlier detection has emerged as a viable and scalable alternative to traditional statistical and geometric approaches. In this article we explore the role of ranking for the efficient discovery of distance-based outliers from large high dimensional data sets. Specifically, we develop a light-weight ranking scheme that is powered by locality sensitive hashing, which reorders the database points according to their likelihood of being an outlier. We provide theoretical arguments to justify the rationale for the approach and subsequently conduct an extensive empirical study highlighting the effectiveness of our approach over extant solutions. We show that our ranking scheme improves the efficiency of the distance-based outlier discovery process by up to 5-fold. Furthermore, we find that using our approach the top outliers can often be isolated very quickly, typically by scanning less than 3% of the data set.