gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oral tranexamic acid in the management of epistaxis (1988)

This study evaluated oral tranexamic acid as an adjunct in controlling epistaxis and preventing or reducing recurrent epistaxis. Patients entered into the trial were randomized in double blind fashion to placebo or tranexamic acid 1 g, 3 times daily. Treatment continued for 10 days. The patients were reviewed daily and any rebleeds categorized into minor, moderate or severe according to length and briskness of bleed and subsequent treatment. Of the 89 patients who completed the course of tablets, 25 (57%) in the placebo group and 21 (47%) in the treatment group had a rebleed. More patients in the placebo group had minor and moderate rebleeds, but the same number of patients in the placebo and treatment groups had severe rebleeds; this difference was not statistically significant. Oral tranexamic acid is, therefore, of no proven value as an adjunct in the treatment of epistaxis in patients requiring hospital admission.
Radioprotective and Antitumor Activity of Some Novel Amino Acids and Imidazoles Containing Thieno[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine Moiety (2009)

A variety of novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives, comprising amino acids 3a–l, imidazothieno-pyrimidines 4A, 4b–h, and 7, were obtained via the reaction of 4-chloro-5,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 1 with a variety of reagents. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by microanalysis, IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry. Some of the obtained compounds showed promising radioprotective and antitumor activities.
Rate of Recovery of Functioning in Cats with Rostral Reticular Lesions (1959)

Recent studies, experimental and clinical, emphasize that damage to the rostral brain stem leads to derangement of consciousness, the site of emphasis being the mesial tegmentum of the midbrain. Earlier Bremer 2 stressed the similarity between sleeping cats and those with cerveau isol~ (midbrain transection) and attributed the former to interruption of the tonic drive propagated rostrally over the great afferent paths. The cerveau isol~ preparation also showed the spontaneous spindling of the sleep electroencephalogram . Lindsley, Bowden and Magoun s added selective sections of the lemniscus to enc~phale isol5 (acute C1 transection) preparations. This did not convert the activation tracing characteristic of the enc~phale isol5 to the cerveau isol~ type. However, lesions that instead destroyed sub- and hypothalamus from optic chiasm to mammillary bodies or anterior midbrain did produce a sleep tracing. Additionally, Lindsley et al2 studied the effects of chronic lesions. In animals with lesions in the ponto-midbrain tegmentum, midbrain tegmentum, hypothalamus, and junction between hypothalamus and thalamus, the common behavioral result (variable in degree depending upon site and extent of the lesion) was a postoperative somnolence or lethargy in which the animal displayed little or no spontaneous activity of a purposive sort, and seemed unaware of ordinary environmental stimuli. The animal with a midbrain tegmental lesion blocking much or all of the rostral end of the reticular activating system lay on its side with eyes closed as if deeply asleep during its ~l-day survival period. By contrast, in ~ anireals in which the periaqueductal gray was injured an approximation of normal sleeping-waking behavior was regained. Two others, with lateral mesencephalic lesions which spared the mesial tegmentum, became able to stand and walk again and showed activation of the electroencephalo graphic tracing. Experiments on 9 monkeys reported by French and Magoun 6 appeared generally to confirm these results so far as destruction of the reticular activating system and the associated behavioral deficits are concerned.
Detecting Deficient Coverage in Colonoscopies (2020)

Colonoscopy is tool of choice for preventing Colorectal Cancer, by detecting and removing polyps before they become cancerous. However, colonoscopy is hampered by the fact that endoscopists routinely miss 22-28% of polyps. While some of these missed polyps appear in the endoscopist's field of view, others are missed simply because of substandard coverage of the procedure, i.e. not all of the colon is seen. This paper attempts to rectify the problem of substandard coverage in colonoscopy through the introduction of the C2D2 (Colonoscopy Coverage Deficiency via Depth) algorithm which detects deficient coverage, and can thereby alert the endoscopist to revisit a given area. More specifically, C2D2 consists of two separate algorithms: the first performs depth estimation of the colon given an ordinary RGB video stream; while the second computes coverage given these depth estimates. Rather than compute coverage for the entire colon, our algorithm computes coverage locally, on a segment-by-segment basis; C2D2 can then indicate in real-time whether a particular area of the colon has suffered from deficient coverage, and if so the endoscopist can return to that area. Our coverage algorithm is the first such algorithm to be evaluated in a large-scale way; while our depth estimation technique is the first calibration-free unsupervised method applied to colonoscopies. The C2D2 algorithm achieves state of the art results in the detection of deficient coverage. On synthetic sequences with ground truth, it is 2.4 times more accurate than human experts; while on real sequences, C2D2 achieves a 93.0% agreement with experts.
Copyright & Privacy - Through the Legislative Lens, 4 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 266 (2005) (2005)

The Honorable Marybeth Peters, who has served since 1994 as the Register of Copyrights for the United States Copyright Office of the Library of Congress, presented a post-election report on the legislative agenda in Washington, D.C. regarding rejected, pending and future amendments to the copyright law of the United States. Register Peters also discussed the current policy role of the United States Copyright Office and several court actions that contest the constitutionality of various provisions of the copyright law.
Antiinflammatory, Gastrosparing, and Antiplatelet Properties of New NO-Donor Esters of Aspirin (2003)

A new series of NSAIDs in which aspirin is joined by an ester linkage to furoxan moieties, with different ability to release NO, were synthesized and tested for NO-releasing, antiinflammatory, antiaggregatory, and ulcerogenic properties. Related furazan derivatives, aspirin, its propyl ester, and its gamma-nitrooxypropyl ester were taken as references. All the products described present an antiinflammatory trend, maximized in derivatives 12, 16, and 17, they are devoid of acute gastrotoxicity, principally due to their ester nature, and show an antiplatelet activity primarily determined by their ability to release NO. They do not behave as aspirin prodrugs in human serum.
Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in broiler chickens (2003)

The bioavailability and pharmacokinetic disposition of florfenicol in broiler chickens were investigated after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administrations of 15 and 30 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Plasma concentrations of florfenicol were determined by a high performance liquid chromatographic method in which plasma samples were spiked with chloramphenicol as internal standard. Plasma concentration-time data after i.v. administration were best described by a two-compartment open model. The elimination half-lives were 168 +/- 43 and 181 +/- 71 min, total body clearance 1.02 +/- 0.17 and 1.02 +/- 0.16 L x kg/h, the volume of distribution at steady-state 4.99 +/- 1.11 and 3.50 +/- 1.01 L/kg after i.v. injections of 15 and 30 mg/kg b.w., respectively. Plasma concentration-time data after i.m. and oral administrations were adequately described by a one-compartment model. The i.m. bioavailability and the oral bioavailability of florfenicol were 95, 98 and 96, 94%, respectively, indicating that florfenicol was almost absorbed completely after i.m. and oral administrations of 15 and 30 mg/kg b.w.
Thresholds of Acoustic Cavitation in Water (1964)

Cavitation thresholds in water have been measured as a function of frequency, dissolved gas, ambient pressure, and suspended-particle size. The apparatus used comprises a 2-1 volume of water enclosed by a spherical glass shell driven at its radially symmetric resonance frequencies by 8 multiresonant piezoelectric transducers. Large acoustic pressures can be produced, ranging from 10 bar at 27 kc/sec to 200 bar at 1.16 Mc/sec. The threshold data can be divided into three regions: In region A—defined by f&lt;200 kc/sec, acoustic pressure Pa&lt;3 bar, and air saturation presure Ps&gt;600 mm Hg—small air bubbles grow by rectified diffusion and stabilize at the pressure nodes. In region B—defined by f&lt;200 kc/sec, Pa&gt;3 bar, and Ps&lt;500 mm Hg—transient cavities are formed that can be detected visually and aurally. In region C—where f&gt;200 kc/sec, Pa&gt;5 bar, for any value of Ps—transient cavities are formed, but their presence can be detected acoustically only. The threshold tends to a slope of 12 dB/octave for frequencies above 1 Mc/sec. Experiments on cavitation at pressures larger than the threshold indicate that only a finite number of cavitation events can be produced in a given sample of water when it is isolated from contamination by airborne motes. In this way, water can be “strengthened” by a factor of at least 8 by repeated cavitation.
O-MAC: An Organized Energy-Aware MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2007)

The efficient use of energy in wireless sensor networks is critical issue as the battery of a sensor node, in most cases, cannot be recharged or replaced after deployment. In order to detect an event, a sensor node spends most of the time in monitoring its environment, during which a significant amount of energy can be saved by placing the radio in the low power sleep mode when no reception and/or transmission of data is involved. In this paper, we discuss the design of a new MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks whose goal is to extend the lifetime of the network by avoiding major energy waste causes, such as collisions, overhearing and idle listening, without compromising other network performance measures such as network throughput. The performance of the protocol is studied by simulation and is compared to that of the well known S-MAC protocol which is designed to save energy and to the IEEE 802.11 protocol which is designed to maximize throughput.
Diversity considerations for MC-CDMA systems in mobile communications (2002)

In this paper, the diversity gain achievable with MC-CDMA (multi-carrier CDMA) transmission in mobile communications is investigated. It is shown that only a certain amount of diversity is available depending on the transmission bandwidth and the transmission channel. For example, a diversity of about D=7 can be achieved for a typical mobile radio application. As a consequence, a modified MC-CDMA transmission scheme is investigated which allows the use of short spreading sequences, e.g. L=8 chips, without losing diversity. Due to the short spreading sequences maximum likelihood multi-user detection can be applied at the receiver with acceptable effort. This detection strategy achieves a bit error rate of about 1.0/spl times/10/sup -3/ in a system with maximum number of simultaneously transmitting users at a signal-to-noise ratio of 12 dB whereas for a simple detector applying equal-gain-combining the bit error rate is about 3.0/spl times/10/sup -2/.
Practical Strip-Line Microwave Circuit Design (1969)

It is widely recognized that continuously tapered strip-line components afford certain important advantages over their discrete counterparts in practical applications. (The question of coupler directivity, for instance, must come under close scrutiny as requirements become more severe in terms of frequency and bandwidth.) It is the purpose of this paper to set forth principles by which such components may be realized as a consequence of design techniques tailored to consistency with a given set of operational requirements applicable at once to an aggregate of different microwave strip-line components. In general, some or all of the components in such a group will differ in their nominal response characteristics. Derived through judicious application of constraints in an optimization procedure, the method obviates the need for intracircuit transformers or connectors transmission line cross section geometry compromises, component overdesign, etc., while at the same time providing mutual component compatibility and preservation of the quality of quasi-TEM microwave signal processing for a given specified bandwidth. By way of example, compatible multioctave designs have been established for components having nominal, equal-ripple responses differing by 1.7 dB. Corresponding conventional designs would have required impedance ratios of as much as 3.68:1 for a dielectric spacing such that s/b=1/9. Of particular concern are couplers with symmetric and nonsymmetric local coupling coefficient distributions and dispersive all-pass phase shift network elements. The general nonsymmetric coupler is realized without abrupt discontinuities at either end and with a constant specified unbalance phase (0</spl Phi//sub u/ <90) over the passband. Typical examples of experimental results are given.
Design of a hybrid rocket / inflatable wing UAV (2012)

This paper discusses the design challenges and development of a UAV that transitions from a rocket, which allows the aircraft to reach a target altitude rapidly, and then deploys an inflatable wing from an enclosed shell in midflight to allow for loitering and surveillance. The wing deployment and transition is tested in static and dynamic environments, while the performance and stability of both the aircraft mode and rocket mode are examined analytically. An in-depth discussion of key components, including the design, analysis and testing, is also included. Designing an UAV that transitions from a high velocity rocket, to a slow velocity UAV provides many difficult and unique design challenges. For example, the incorporation of deployable wing technology into a full UAV system results in many design constraints. In this particular design inflatable wings are used to generate lift during aircraft mode, and the stabilizing fins for the main wing also acted as the fins for the vehicle during its rocket phase. This required the balancing of the two different vehicle configurations to ensure that the aircraft would be able to fly stably in both modes, and transition between them without catastrophic failure. Significant research, and testing went into the finding the best method of storing the inflatable wing, as well as finding the required inflation rate to minimize unsteady aerodynamic affects. Design work was also invested in the development of an inflation system, as it had to be highly reliable, and yet very light weight for use in this small UAV. This paper discusses how these design challenges were overcome, the development and testing of individual sub-components and how they are incorporated into the overall vehicle. The analysis that went into this UAV, as well as methods used to optimize the design in order to minimize weight and maximize the aircraft performance and loitering time is also discussed.
The dynamic associative access memory chip and its application to SIMD processing and full-text database retrieval (2003)

Dynamic Associative Access Memory (DAAM) chips are processor-in-memory chips wherein a large number of small processing elements are put in a DRAM's sense amps. Thousands of these chips will be mounted on "memory boards" in "TONY" full-text database servers. This paper shows that multibank memory eliminates DRAM latency, and a one-bit ALU that can be made into an associative processor, with the addition of one gate. This paper shows how this unconventional technology offers nearly three orders of magnitude better cost performance than a Pentium microprocessor, nearly 1,000 MIPs per dollar of chip cost for the DAAM compared to about 1 MIPs per dollar of chip cost for the Pentium. This paper shows that a TONY server system using this chip will handle over a million on-line users, more than two orders of magnitude more cost-effective than the best current database machines, and a TONY server stores a page of text for approximately five cents (the cost of duplicating the printed page).
Treatment of Sinusitis in the Next Millennium (1998)

Sinusitis is an increasingly more important disease due to its increasing prevalence, costs, and recognition. Most acute sinusitis episodes follow colds or acute allergic rhinitis. Chronic sinusitis is most commonly due to allergic and nonallergic rhinitis or anatomical defects in the nose. Several common immunologic abnormalities usually present as sinusitis and may be recognized first by the allergist-immunologist. Treatment involves a carefully selected antibiotic prescribed for an adequate period of time, nasal hygiene using nasal saline washes, topical nasal corticosteroids, and decongestants. Medical management of sinusitis tends to be effective, even in patients with long-standing sinus disease.
ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING OF CEMENTED TITANIUM CARBIDE (1982)

This study aimed to verify the action of bioactive compounds from Brazilian plants on the leader genes involved in the SARS-CoV-2 pathway. The main human genes involved were identified in GeneCards and UNIPROT platforms, and an interaction network between leader genes was established in the STRING database. To design chemo-biology interactome networks and elucidate the interplay between genes related to the disease and bioactive plant compounds, the metasearch engine STITCH 3.1 was used. The analysis revealed that SMAD3 and CASP3 genes are leader genes, suggesting that the mechanism of action of the virus on host cells is associated with the molecular effects of these genes. Furthermore, the bioactive plant compounds, such as ascorbate, benzoquinone, ellagic acid, and resveratrol was identified as a promising adjuvant for the treatment inhibiting CASP3-mediated apoptosis. Bioactive plant compounds were verified as the main pathways enriched with KEGG and related to viral infection, assessments/immune/infections, and cell proliferation, which are potentially used for respiratory viral infections. The best-ranked molecule docked in the CASP3 binding site was rutin, while the SMAD3 binding site was resveratrol. In conclusion, this work identified several bioactive compounds from Brazilian plants showing potential antiviral functions that can directly or indirectly inhibit the new coronavirus.
Effect of an electric field on the luminescence of GaAs quantum wells (1982)

Low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements have been performed in narrow GaAs-${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Al}}_{x}\mathrm{As}$ quantum wells subject to an electric field perpendicular to the well plane. At low fields the PL spectra show two peaks associated, respectively, with exciton and free-electron-to-impurity recombination. With increasing field the PL intensity decreases, with the excitonic structure decreasing at a much faster rate, and becomes completely quenched at a field of a few tens of kV/cm. This is accompanied by a shift in the peak position to lower energies. The results are interpreted as caused by the field-induced separation of carriers and modification of the quantum energies. Variational calculations performed for isolated, finite quantum wells explain qualitatively the experimental observations.
Effect of intravenous clonidine on prevention of postepidural shivering. (1993)

The effects of intravenous clonidine, a central adrenergic alpha-2 agonist, on the incidence of shivering and hemodynamic changes after epidural anesthesia were assessed in patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Forty ASA class I or II patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to one of two groups. Twenty patients received intravenous clonidine 150 micrograms/10 ml (clonidine group) and twenty patients received normal saline (control group) at 20 min before epidural administration of 1.5% lidocaine. Shivering was determined objectively by observing involuntary muscle activity. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were measured at 5-min intervals during the first 50 minutes following IV pretreatment. There was significant difference between clonidine and control groups in the incidence of shivering (5% vs. 55%, p = 0.002). Shivering began at an average of 16.8 +/- 9 min (range: 5-30 min) in control group and only one patient shivered at 18 min in clonidine group. The mean sensory level was T7 in both groups. There were no differences between the two groups in mean arterial pressure and respiratory rate, though there was a trend in reduction of MAP in clonidine group. Heart rate and oxygen saturation decreased slightly in clonidine group. The main adverse effect of clonidine pretreatment was drowsiness. In conclusion, intravenous clonidine 150 micrograms was effective in preventing shivering with minor hemodynamic changes in patients receiving epidural anesthesia.
Millimeter-Wave Dual Polarized L-Shaped Horn Antenna for Wide-Angle Phased Arrays (2006)

A new broadband dual polarized L-shaped horn antenna and associated waveguide feed structure is presented. The antenna is well suited for millimeter-wave polarimetric phased array systems requiring wide-angle scanning and ease of integration with planar circuits. A stereolithographic fabrication process is employed to obtain the complex angles and intricate features that are essential for the antenna and feed design. Dielectric material is used to fill the horn antenna and waveguide feed, which allows for the desired radiation characteristics as well as low loss transition to the microstrip circuitry. Broadband attributes are demonstrated with measured return losses of better than -10 dB from 34 to 40 GHz. The measured gain is 5.3 dB at 35 GHz, along with 19 dB cross-polarization discrimination
Connective tissue growth factor: a potential stimulus for glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in progressive renal disease (1999)

Clarkson, Michael R.a; Gupta, Sunila; Murphy, Madelinea; Martin, Finianb; Godson, Catherinea; Brady, Hugh R.a Author Information
The Implementation of Run-Time Diagnostics in Pascal (1980)

This paper considers the role of run-time diagnostic checking in enforcing the rules of the Pascal programming language. Run-time diagnostic checks must be both complete (covering all language requirements) and efficient. Further, such checks should be implemented so that the cost of enforcing the correct use of a given construct is borne by users of that construct. This paper descxibes simple and efficient mechanisms currently in use with a diagnostic Pascal compiler that monitor the run-time behavior of such sensitive Pascal constructs as pointers, variant records, reference (i.e., var) parameters, and with statements. The use of these mechanisms with related constructs in other languages is considered. Language modifications that simplify run-time checking ate also noted.