gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The SF-36 Health Survey as a Generic Outcome Measure in Clinical Trials of Patients With Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis (1999)

The SF-36 Health Survey proved to be a psychometrically sound tool for the assessment of the health status of adult participants in clinical trials of arthritis.
Role of Nrf2/HO-1 system in development, oxidative stress response and diseases: an evolutionarily conserved mechanism (2016)

The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. The vertebrate Nrf2 belongs to Cap 'n' Collar (Cnc) bZIP family of transcription factors and shares a high homology with SKN-1 from Caenorhabditis elegans or CncC found in Drosophila melanogaster. The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. HO-1 and their products exert beneficial effects through the protection against oxidative injury, regulation of apoptosis, modulation of inflammation as well as contribution to angiogenesis. On the other hand, the disturbances in the proper HO-1 level are associated with the pathogenesis of some age-dependent disorders, including neurodegeneration, cancer or macular degeneration. This review summarizes our knowledge about Nrf2 and HO-1 across different phyla suggesting their conservative role as stress-protective and anti-aging factors.
A novel structural class of K+-channel blocking toxin from the scorpion <i>Pandinus imperator</i> (1996)

A novel peptide was purified and characterized from the venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator. Analysis of its primary structure reveals that it belongs to a new structural class of K+-channel blocking peptide, composed of only 35 amino acids, but cross-linked by four disulphide bridges. It is 40, 43 and 46% identical to noxiustoxin, margatoxin and toxin 1 of Centruroides limpidus respectively. However, it is less similar (26 to 37% identity) to toxins from scorpions of the geni Leiurus, Androctonus and Buthus. The disulphide pairing was determined by sequencing heterodimers produced by mild enzymic hydrolysis. They are formed between Cys-4-Cys-25, Cys-10-Cys-30, Cys-14-Cys-32 and Cys-20-Cys-35. Three-dimensional modelling, using the parameters determined for charybdotoxin, showed that is it possible to accommodate the four disulphide bridges in the same general structure of the other K+-channel blocking peptides. The new peptide (Pil) blocks Shaker B K+ channels reversibly. It also displaces the binding of a known K+-channel blocker, [125I]noxiustoxin, from rat brain synaptosomal membranes with an IC50 of about 10 nM.
Evaluating different DNA binding domains to modulate L1 ORF2p-driven site-specific retrotransposition events in human cells (2017)

DNA binding domains (DBDs) have been used with great success to impart targeting capabilities to a variety of proteins creating highly useful genomic tools. We evaluated the ability of five types of DBDs and strategies (AAV Rep proteins, Cre, TAL effectors, zinc finger proteins, and Cas9/gRNA system) to target the L1 ORF2 protein to drive retrotransposition of Alu inserts to specific sequences in the human genome. First, we find that the L1 ORF2 protein tolerates the addition of protein domains both at the amino- and carboxy-terminus. Although in some instances retrotransposition efficiencies slightly diminished, all fusion proteins containing an intact ORF2 were capable of driving retrotransposition. Second, the stability of individual ORF2 fusion proteins varies and difficult to predict. Third, DBDs that require the formation of multimers for target recognition are unlikely to modify targeting of ORF2p-driven insertions. Fourth, the more components needed to assemble into a complex to drive targeted retrotransposition, the less likely the strategy will increase targeted insertions. Fifth, abundance of target sequences present in the genome will likely dictate the effectiveness and efficiency of targeted insertions. Lastly, the cleavage capabilities of Cas9 (or a Cas9 nickase variant) are unable to substitute for the L1 ORF2 endonuclease domain functions, suggestive that the endonuclease domain has alternate functions needed for retrotransposition. From these studies, we conclude that the most critical component for the modification of the human L1 ORF2 protein to drive targeted insertions is the selection of the DBD due to the varying functional requirements and impacts on protein stability.
Superconductivity in argon-treated Y-Ba-Cu-O system (1988)

We report resistivity results in argon-processed Y-Ba-Cu-O, similar to those recently reported in Eu-${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$, which were interpreted as possible indication of ${T}_{c}$ above 200 K. Scanning Auger microanalysis indicated measurable argon at the surface. However the observed results cannot be accounted for as solely due to surface effects, but may be due to an incipient metal-to-insulator transition around 220 K, and of an insulator ``phase'' formed on the grain boundaries and on the surface due to argon treatment.
Further Considerations Regarding the Effects of Physical Restraint in the Intensive Care Unit (2004)

Acute/Tertiary Care, School of Nursing, Center for Bioethics and Health Law, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
Direct enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay: A simple immunoassay using <i>leishmania donovani</i> promastigote for diagnosis of kala‐azar (1991)

For immunodiagnosis of kala-azar enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence testing (IFAT) are commonly used. In IFAT, whole parasite antigen and in ELISA the soluble antigen have been used. Preparation of ELISA antigen has certain inherent difficulties. We have developed a simple, specific, and quantitative immunoassay, "direct ELISA" for diagnosis of kala-azar. Intact formalinized promastigote suspension has been used to combine with the antibodies of the patient sera. The colour developed in the supernatant by the enzyme conjugate combined on the parasite surface was measured with a spectrophotometer. The test was able to detect kala-azar-specific antibodies at very high serum dilution and could discriminate between kala-azar and the common diseases prevalent in Asia. The optical densities of the sera of different control groups were significantly low. The method has potential for use as a diagnostic tool in less well equipped laboratories.
Photonic polarization gears for ultra-sensitive angular measurements (2013)

Quantum metrology bears a great promise in enhancing measurement precision, but is unlikely to become practical in the near future. Its concepts can nevertheless inspire classical or hybrid methods of immediate value. Here we demonstrate NOON-like photonic states of m quanta of angular momentum up to m=100, in a setup that acts as a 'photonic gear', converting, for each photon, a mechanical rotation of an angle θ into an amplified rotation of the optical polarization by mθ, corresponding to a 'super-resolving' Malus' law. We show that this effect leads to single-photon angular measurements with the same precision of polarization-only quantum strategies with m photons, but robust to photon losses. Moreover, we combine the gear effect with the quantum enhancement due to entanglement, thus exploiting the advantages of both approaches. The high 'gear ratio' m boosts the current state of the art of optical non-contact angular measurements by almost two orders of magnitude.
Comparison of Tricalcium Phosphate and Frozen Allogenic Bone Implants in Man (1979)

As part of their treatment, eight patients with 47 infrabony pockets and horizontal bone defects had 29 tricalcium phosphate and 18 frozen allogenic bone implants placed. One year after surgery the sites were reentered. At the tricalcium phosphate implant sites the average amount of bone apposition was 1.2 mm and pocket depth induction 1.8 mm; 38% of the pockets remained deeper than 3.0 mm. At the allogenic bone sites the average amount of bone apposition was 1.5 mm and pocket depth reduction was 2.0 mm; 22% of the pockets remained deeper than 3.0 mm. The implant materials were well tolerated and there were no complications during the period of the study. Though storage and handling of tricalcium phosphate was simpler, use of allogenic bone led to greater bone apposition and reduction in pocket depth.
De-noising of two-dimensional angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation data using Daubechies wavelet thresholding (1997)

Two-dimensional angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation (2D-ACAR) experiments provide a means of determining the electron - positron momentum density in metals and alloys over a wide range of temperatures. A difficult task regarding this method is the reconstruction of the three-dimensional density from a limited number of two-dimensional projections. Difficulties arise from noise superimposed on the data. This paper explains and demonstrates the use of a wavelet noise filter, and gives a comparison of wavelet and Fourier filters.
Different Effects of Whole-Cell and Acellular Vaccines on Bordetella Transmission (2014)

Our results highlight discrepancies between whole-cell and acellular vaccination that could contribute to the increased incidence of B. pertussis infection since the transition to the use of acellular vaccination.
Overcoming catastrophic forgetting with hard attention to the task (2018)

Catastrophic forgetting occurs when a neural network loses the information learned in a previous task after training on subsequent tasks. This problem remains a hurdle for artificial intelligence systems with sequential learning capabilities. In this paper, we propose a task-based hard attention mechanism that preserves previous tasks' information without affecting the current task's learning. A hard attention mask is learned concurrently to every task, through stochastic gradient descent, and previous masks are exploited to condition such learning. We show that the proposed mechanism is effective for reducing catastrophic forgetting, cutting current rates by 45 to 80%. We also show that it is robust to different hyperparameter choices, and that it offers a number of monitoring capabilities. The approach features the possibility to control both the stability and compactness of the learned knowledge, which we believe makes it also attractive for online learning or network compression applications.
Locomotive Friction-Creep Studies (1980)

The utilization of available locomotive wheel-rail adhesion has been and continues to be an area of great concern to locomotive builders and railroads throughout the world. In 1976, EMD completed an extensive four-year research program initiated to investigate the relationship between wheel-rail friction and wheel creep on a locomotive wheel. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of this friction-creep study. Included is a discussion of the various conditions that affect the friction-creep relationship. Test sites, test-procedures, instrumentation, and data analysis methods are also discussed. The conclusions are aimed at providing an understanding of adhesion at the wheel-rail interface and how this pertains to locomotive utilization of that adhesion.
Radioimmunoassay Data Processing with a Small Programmable Calculator (1980)

We have developed three programs for data processing for radioimmunoassays RIA implemented on a small, inexpensive, programmable calculator (Texas Instrument Co., Model 59): 1) The first program performs a weighted logit-log regression for analysis of the RIA standard curve, and provides several descriptive statistics: slope, intercept, ED50 (and their corresponding standard errors), residual variance, and correlation coefficient. This program also provides: dose interpolation for unknowns; an estimate of the precision (percent coefficient of variation) for each result; corrections for variable sample volumes or recoveries; and the mean and standard error of the mean for samples analyzed in replicate. 2) The second program uses the "four parameter logistic model" to describe the dose responses curve and perform dose interpolation. This is the equivalent to the use of the logit-log method, with provision for adjustment for the position of the 0% and 100% response. As such, it is more flexible and versatile than the logit-log method. 3) A third program is used for routine Within-Lab Quality Control: it calculates within-assay and between-assay precision, utilizing an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a components of variance estimation. These programs incorporate the most important features of programs previously developed in this laboratory for an IBM 370 or a DECsystem-10 computer, and demonstrate the availability of adequate statistical analyses to laboratories without access to large centralized computer facilities.
Printed circuit microelectrodes and their application to honeybee brain (1976)

The application of printed circuit technology to the production of a new type of multi-channel microelectrode is described. 2. Recordings have been obtained from the the protocerebrum of the honeybee Apis mellifera L. using printed circuit microelectrodes in both restrained and free-moving preparations. 3. These recordings are compared with those previously obtained from conventional probe microelectrodes and are found to have similar characteristics of transient voltage changes superimposed on an undifferentiated high frequency background. 4. A wide range of development possibilities for the printed circuit microelectrode are discussed.
Automated Glioma Grading based on an Efficient Ensemble Design of a Multiple Classifier System using Deep Iteration Neural Networks Matrix (2018)

The preoperative diagnosis of brain Glioma grades is crucial for therapeutic planning as it impacts on the tumour's prognosis. The development of machine learning methods that can accurately evaluate Glioma grades is of great interest since it is a repeatable and reliable diagnosis procedure. Moreover, the classification accuracy of a single classifier can be further improved by using the ensemble of different classifiers. In this paper, a new strategy has been developed, which uses a deep neural network incorporating an extensive iteration matrix based on the combination of eleven different machine learning algorithms. The classification system is evaluated using a cross-validation technique, to add more generalization to the results of the classification system's reliability in unseen cases. Experimental results indicate that, when compared to both the single classification model, and the majority vote scheme, the grading accuracy has significantly improved using our proposed approach. The obtained sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are 100%, 90% and 93.3% respectively. The proposed approach has improved upon the highest accuracy of the single classification model by 13.3%. The proposed classification system presents an efficient method to evaluate the malignancy level of Glioma with more reliable and accurate clinical outcomes.
Stereo Photogrammetric Errors in Determining the Surface Area of a Small Pig Model with Non-Metric Cameras. (1995)

A small pig model was made with plaster and plastic from the mold of a female pig of 27 days old. Surface area of the pig model was estimated with 2 non-metric cameras by stereo photogrammetry, and the error of surface area was analyzed. Error consists of optical error in determining the space coordinates of the pig model and shape error in tracing the complex shape of the object. Optical error was estimated with 28 control marks set around the pig model to calculate the space coordinates of about 300 object marks on it from stereo pairs of photographs. The objects marks were used for drawing cross sectional shape and contour lines of the pig model and estimating the surface area. Shape error was evaluated in comparison with the measured surface area by counting the numbers of a 1mm square section of the graph paper covering the pig model.The errors in the X- and Y-axes coordinates of the control marks were within 1mm. The errors in the Z-axis coordinates were in less than 3mm, distributing nearly equally in positive and negative. These errors were no more than theoretical limits. The error would give rise to about 5% of optical error, when estimating the surface area of a part in the body, formed with neighboring cross sections and assumed a truncated cone, 70mm and 66mm in radiuses and 27mm in slant length. Optical error could be neglected when the significant figures of surface area was limited to minimum.The difference between the measured and estimated total surface area of the pig model was 34cm2, which was only 1.2% on a relative basis. This means that the shape error was very small and the stereo photographs using the non-metric cameras was accurate enough.
Analysis of exponential curves by a method of moments, with special attention to sedimentation equilibrium and fluorescence decay (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of exponential curves by a method of moments, with special attention to sedimentation equilibrium and fluorescence decayRobert D. Dyson and Irvin IsenbergCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 17, 3233–3241Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00793a012https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00793a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views169Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Overexpression of Protein Disulfide Isomerase DsbC Stabilizes Multiple-Disulfide-Bonded Recombinant Protein Produced and Transported to the Periplasm in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2000)

Dsb proteins (DsbA, DsbB, DsbC, and DsbD) catalyze formation and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. By using a set of Dsb coexpression plasmids constructed recently, we analyzed the effects of Dsb overexpression on production of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) isozyme C that contains complex disulfide bonds and tends to aggregate when produced in E. coli. When transported to the periplasm, HRP was unstable but was markedly stabilized upon simultaneous overexpression of the set of Dsb proteins (DsbABCD). Whereas total HRP production increased severalfold upon overexpression of at least disulfide-bonded isomerase DsbC, maximum transport of HRP to the periplasm seemed to require overexpression of all DsbABCD proteins, suggesting that excess Dsb proteins exert synergistic effects in assisting folding and transport of HRP. Periplasmic production of HRP also increased when calcium, thought to play an essential role in folding of nascent HRP polypeptide, was added to the medium with or without Dsb overexpression. These results suggest that Dsb proteins and calcium play distinct roles in periplasmic production of HRP, presumably through facilitating correct folding. The present Dsb expression plasmids should be useful in assessing and dissecting periplasmic production of proteins that contain multiple disulfide bonds in E. coli.
Photoluminescence Enhancement of PEG-Modified YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup> Nanocrystal Phosphor Prepared by Glycothermal Method (2005)

Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce3+) nanocrystals were synthesized in 1,4-butylene glycol (BG) with and without poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) by the glycothermal method. The internal quantum efficiency of the photoluminescence (PL) corresponding to the 5d --> 4f transition of Ce3+ in the YAG:Ce3+ nanocrystal increased from 21.3 to 37.9% by addition of PEG, while no appreciable change in the primary particle size, the crystallite size, and the lattice distortion was recognized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy and 1H --> 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP-MAS NMR) confirmed the preferential coordination of PEG to the YAG:Ce3+ nanocrystal. 27Al single-pulse excitation MAS NMR reveals that the ratio of the 4-fold coordination site to the 6-fold coordination site increased from 0.53 to 0.72 by addition of PEG. We conclude that the surface modification of the YAG:Ce3+ nanocrystal by PEG induces the surface passivation, the prevention of the oxidation of Ce3+ to Ce4+, the promotion of the incorporation of Ce3+ into YAG and the local structural rearrangement, resulting in the PL enhancement.
A CMOS Oversampled DAC With Multi-Bit Semi-Digital Filtering and Boosted Subcarrier SNR for ADSL Central Office Modems (2006)

An oversampled digital-to-analog converter for use in ADSL central office modems has been integrated in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The converter features a multi-bit semi-digital filter for reconstruction and a digital pre-emphasis filter that boosts the SNR of subcarriers affected by noise shaping and flattens the overall in-band magnitude response. A resampled impulse response is employed to simplify the implementation of the semi-digital filter. The combination of digital and semi-digital filtering allows the design to meet all ADSL performance requirements with only 180 current cells and a third-order analog low-pass reconstruction filter. When sampling at 200 MSample/s, the converter achieves 86-dB dynamic range for a 1.1-MHz bandwidth, with an average MTPR of 65 dB.
Biogenetic Conversion of Tetrahydroisoquinoline−Monoterpene Glucosides into Benzopyridoquinolizine Alkaloids of <i>Alangium lamarckii</i> (1996)

The biogenetic conversion of alangiside (6), a major tetrahydroisoquinoline−monoterpene glucoside of Alangium lamarckii, into (+)-alangimaridine (1), one of the benzopyridoquinolizine alkaloids of the same plant, was carried out confirming its absolute configuration. Isoalangimarine (3) and its possible precursor (+)-isoalangimaridine (19) were synthesized from 3-O-demethyl-2-O-methylalangiside (11).
Extracting social meaning (2009)

Automatically extracting social meaning and intention from spoken dialogue is an important task for dialogue systems and social computing. We describe a system for detecting elements of interactional style: whether a speaker is awkward, friendly, or flirtatious. We create and use a new spoken corpus of 991 4-minute speed-dates. Participants rated their interlocutors for these elements of style. Using rich dialogue, lexical, and prosodic features, we are able to detect flirtatious, awkward, and friendly styles in noisy natural conversational data with up to 75% accuracy, compared to a 50% baseline. We describe simple ways to extract relatively rich dialogue features, and analyze which features performed similarly for men and women and which were gender-specific.