gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed virtual computers (DVC): simplifying the development of high performance grid applications (2004)

The distributed virtual computer (DVC) is a computing environment, which simplifies the development and execution of distributed applications on computational Grids. DVC provides a simple set of abstractions to simplify application management of naming, security, communication, and resource, easing use of highly dynamic and heterogeneous resource environments. These abstractions enable complex collections of Grid resources to be used in a fashion similar to private user or workgroup resources. The DVC model is attractive for lambda-Grids with circuit-switched optical networks, providing a structure for exploiting unique communication and security properties. Examples of DVC include virtual clusters and virtual heterogeneous resource collections. We introduce the concept of a DVC, its system structure and mechanisms. We discuss the potential benefits of DVC for application programmers.
[Detection of SARS-CoV RNA in stool samples of SARS patients by nest RT-PCR and its clinical value]. (2003)

Our study observed longest stool shedding of SARS patients to be 64 days after initial onset of SARS. The average stool shedding was 32 days. Hence it is important to think highly of SARS convalescent patient stool sterilization.
Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopic Investigation of Aβ Protofibrils: Implication of a β‐Sheet Remodeling upon Maturation into Terminal Amyloid Fibrils (2011)

The secondary structure elements in Aβ protofibrils (see TEM image) were determined at a single residue level by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The β-sheet elements of the mature fibrils are already preformed in protofibrils, but these regions have to elongate during the conversion into mature fibrils. The data have important implications for understanding the process of fibril formation in general as well as the structural basis of Alzheimer's disease.
Droplet diameter, flux, and total current measurements in an electrohydrodynamic spray (1992)

The measured diameter and flux distributions and total current of ethanol droplets generated electrohydrodynamically from a single hypodermic needle at two different spray charge densities are presented and discussed. The resultant droplet diameter and droplet flux distributions reveal a progressive production of an increasing number of smaller diameter droplets with increasing spray charge density. These are consistent with observations made of the filament breakup-to-droplet process in this region. The droplet flux distributions are used to construct droplet charge flux distributions by assuming various models of the droplet charging process. The resultant charge fluxes are logarithmically related to lateral position, regardless of the droplet charging model assumed. The integrals of the various charge flux profiles are compared to the measured total current. This approach reveals the best agreement between measured and predicted total droplet currents when an equilibrium end-state process for droplet charging is assumed.
Fast calculation of computer-generated hologram using the circular symmetry of zone plates (2012)

Computer-Generated Holograms (CGHs) can be generated from three-dimensional objects composed of point light sources by overlapping zone plates. A zone plate is a grating that can focus an incident wave and it has circular symmetry shape. In this study, we propose a fast CGH generating algorithm using the circular symmetry of zone plates and computer graphics techniques. We evaluated the proposed method by numerical simulation.
Time-Ordered Event Traces: A New Debugging Primitive for Concurrency Bugs (2011)

Non-determinism makes concurrent bugs extremely difficult to reproduce and to debug. In this work, we propose a new debugging primitive to facilitate the debugging process by exposing this non-deterministic behavior to the programmer. The key idea is to generate a time-ordered trace of events such as function calls/returns and memory accesses across different threads. The architectural support for this primitive is lightweight, including a high-precision, frequency-invariant time-stamp counter and an event trace buffer in each processor core. The proposed primitive continuously records and timestamps the last N function calls/returns per core by default, and can also be configured to watch specific memory addresses or code regions through a flexible software interface. To examine the effectiveness of the proposed primitive, we studied a variety of concurrent bugs in large commercial software and our results show that exposing the time-ordered information, function calls/returns in particular, to the programmer is highly beneficial for diagnosing the root causes of these bugs.
Acoustical-Optical Fibers for Control of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (2006)

We present recent modeling and experimental results, and a discussion of practical issues on the design and fabrication of SBS-suppressed optical fibers for lasers and nonlinear applications employing fibers without rare earth dopants
일반논문 : 지방자치단체간 인사교류 활성화 방안 -충청남도의 사례를 중심으로- (2003)

한국의 지방정부는 행정수요의 변화에 능동적으로 대처하고, 높은 생산성과 세계경쟁력을 갖춘 정부로의 변화를 요청 받고 있다. 특히 지방분권화에 따른 내부역량 강화 차원에서 지방 정부는 인력관리의 효율성 제고와 유연하고 탄력적인 인력관리를 위하여 인력관리 부문의 개혁을 지속적으로 추진하는 과정에 있다. 행정서비스의 효율적인 운영의 주체는 사람이므로 지방정부의 생산성 향상을 위한 지방공무원의 전문화, 능력발전, 인사교류 등 `사람을 다루는 인사관리`가 주요한 개혁과제로 인식되고 있다. 국가적 차원에서 한정된 인적자원을 보다 효율적으로 운영하기 위해서 정부간 또는 정무-민간부문간에 보다 활발한 인적자원 교류의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 그러나 민선자치단체장 이후 지방정부의 인사교류가 활발하게 이루어 지고 있지 않아 국가 전체적인 측면에서 인력활용의 극대화를 도모하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 지역할거주의와 자기조직제일주의 그리고 동류집중(inbreeding) 등을 줄이기 위해서는 교류를 촉진해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 지방자치단체간 인사교류의 현황과 문제점을 살펴보고, 지방자치단체간 인사교류의 활성화를 위한 개선방안을 모색하는데 있다.
Expression of the Progestin-Induced Fatty Acid Synthetase in Benign Mastopathies and Breast Cancer as Measured by RNA In Situ Hybridization (1990)

We have shown previously that fatty acid synthetase (FAS) is specifically induced by progestins in human breast cancer cell lines. To test the potential value of FAS as a clinical marker in breast diseases, we measured FAS expression in frozen sections of 22 benign and 27 malignant mammary tumors using in situ hybridization with the [35S]UTP alpha S-labeled FAS anti-sense mRNA. The hybridized RNA was quantified with an IMSTAR computerized image analyzer. We found FAS RNA in epithelial cells, but no labeling was detected in the connective tissue. In breast cancer, we found no correlation between FAS expression and estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor concentrations or status. However, the level of FAS was significantly (P less than .02) higher in premenopausal than in post-menopausal patients and increased with the grade of tumor differentiation (P less than .005 between the poorly and well-differentiated tumors). In benign mastopathies, high levels of FAS RNA were found in some cysts (mostly with apocrine metaplasia). In lobules, the FAS RNA level increased proportionally to the degree of proliferation determined by histological examination (P less than .015) and correlated with the H4 histone level measured in an adjacent section using in situ hybridization (r = 0.85, P less than .001). In ductal structures, a lower correlation (r = 0.64, P less than .01) was found between FAS and H4 RNA levels. We conclude that FAS RNA is overexpressed in some mammary tumors and may be useful in predicting high-risk mastopathies and less aggressive breast cancers.
El narcotráfico en México. Una escalada de violencia anómica (2012)

We have studied the effects of warfarin pretreatment on blood coagulation tests, thrombosis and endothelial damage in the rabbit after 2 h of subsequent venous stasis. We found that 3 mg/kg warfarin significantly modified the results of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and ProComplex tests. The incidence of thrombosis was not reduced by warfarin, but the weight of the thrombi were inversely related to the effects of the drug on blood coagulation. The endothelial cells showed some degree of damage. In conclusion, warfarin neither prevents endothelial damage nor reduces the incidence of thrombosis after venous stasis, but retards the growth of thrombi.
Medically significant concentrations of prostate-specific antigen in serum assessed (1990)

We used the method of Rudolph et al. (Clin Chem 1988; 34:2031-8) to find information in the data from correlated determinations of acid phosphatase (PAP, EC 3.1.3.2; DuPont aca) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA, Hybritech). We described there how we assign medical decision limits for two or more correlated variables and convert the database to a binary coded message, allowing separation of a selected disease class with minimum error. The decision point, analogous to a percentile upper limit on the ordered values of each variable in the reference group, satisfies the maximum entropy constraints of reference, producing a minimum entropy for the binary coded patient database. We found maximum entropy decision points at PAP = 0.75 U/L and PSA = 22.8 micrograms/L. Patients with PSA values exceeding 22.8 micrograms/L had no benign prostatic disease except for five patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with adjacent colon carcinoma (95.3), BPH with infarction (27.6), BPH (23.4) 28.1), or acute prostatitis (34.6). We consider PSA exceeding 22.8 micrograms/L as indicative of carcinoma of the prostate, stage C or D, in the absence of disconfirming evidence. Another decision value for PSA is 11.3 micrograms/L. This bounds the region between 11.3 and 22.8 micrograms/L, where the frequency of BPH is 1.5 times that for adenocarcinoma. At PSA less than 11.3 micrograms/L there is a high frequency of BPH. PSA concentration is not correlated with prostatic size (mass) or with prostatitis. A metastatic carcinoma is as likely to be nonprostatic as prostatic when the PSA concentration is less than 11.3 micrograms/L.
Performance Evaluations of Graph Database using CUDA and OpenMP Compatible Libraries (2014)

Graph databases use graph structures to store data sets as nodes, edges, and properties. They are used to store and search the relationships between a large number of nodes, such as social networking services and recommendation engines that use customer social graphs. Since computation cost for graph search queries increases as the graph becomes large, in this pa- per we accelerate the graph search functions (Dijkstra and A* algorithms) of a graph database Neo4j using two ways: multi- threaded library and CUDA library for graphics processing units (GPUs). We use 100,000-node graphs generated based on a degree distribution of Facebook social graph for evaluations. Our multi-threaded and GPU-based implementations require an auxiliary adjacency matrix for a target graph. The results show that, when we do not take into account additional overhead to generate the auxiliary adjacency matrix, multi-threaded version improves the Dijkstra and A* search performance by 16.2x and 13.8x compared to the original implementation. The GPU-based implementation improves the Dijkstra and A* search performance by 26.2x and 32.8x. When we take into account the overhead, although the speed-ups by our implementations are reduced, by reusing the auxiliary adjacency matrix for multiple graph search queries we can significantly improve the graph search performance.
Adaptive multidirectional edge directed interpolation for selected edge regions (2011)

This paper proposes an adaptive edge-directed interpolation algorithm using multidirectional neighbor pixels. In order to restore multidirectional edges, a missing pixel is estimated as a weighted sum of 12 neighbor pixels. Based on the geometric duality between a low resolution image and a high resolution image, interpolation coefficients are predicted using Wiener filter theory. In order to reduce the computational complexity, interpolation region selection method is also proposed. An edge map for a low resolution image is obtained by canny edge detector. By analyzing edge continuities, only long edge regions are interpolated using 12 neighbor pixels. Short edge regions are interpolated by new edge-directed interpolation, and even regions are interpolated by a linear interpolation. Simulation results show that a proposed method restores major edges with several directions better than other methods in subjective tests while showing fair performance in objective tests.
Synthesis and Reductive Desulfurization of Crown Ethers Containing Thiophene Subunit (1989)

Abstract Crown ethers containing 3,4-thiophenediyl and 3,4-thiophenediylbis(methylene) subunits as a ring constituent were prepared starting from 2,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-3,4-thiophenediol and 2,5-dichloro-3,4-bis(chloromethyl)thiophene, respectively. A Raney nickel desulfurization of the thiophene-containing crown ethers afforded crown ethers having two adjacent side chains, such as a methyl or ethoxycarbonylmethyl group. The extraction ability of these crown ethers towards alkali metal cations was also examined by the solvent extraction method.
From Myths to Norms: Demystifying Data Mining Models with Instance-Based Transparency (2017)

The desire of moving from data to intelligence has become a trend that pushes the world we live in today fast forward. Machine learning and data mining techniques are being used as important tools to unlock the wealth of voluminous amounts of data owned by organizations. Despite the existing effort of explaining their underlying machinery in layman's terms, data mining models and their output remain as esoteric, discipline-based black boxes-viable only to experts with years of training and development experiences. As data mining techniques gain growing popularity in the real world, the ability to understand their intelligent decision-making artifacts has become increasingly important and critical, especially in areas such as criminal justice and law enforcement where transparency of decision-making is vital for ensuring fairness, justice, and equality. In this paper, we present a transparency model to help unmask the incomprehensible reasoning many data mining techniques are deservedly taking the blame for. Our transparency model substitutes a comprehensible, rule-based counterpart for the complex, black-box output of any data mining technique using a novel rule selection technique. The rule-based substitute explains the decision made for each instance with a tiny set of rules, resulting in a significant reduction in model complexity. Besides model simplicity and comprehensibility, we also assess the quality of our rule set by measuring its similarity to the output of the original data mining algorithm. Furthermore, we compute its accuracy on unseen test data as a complementary assessment criteria. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our transparency model by experimenting on eight real datasets that deal with predicting important personal attributes ranging from credit worthiness to criminal recidivism. Our transparency model demonstrates a high degree of consistency with the original data mining algorithms in nearly all cases. We also compare our results to one of the state-of-the-art transparency models-LIME, and show that our transparency model outperforms LIME 84% of the time.
WWWTranscribe - a modular transcription system based on the world wide web (1997)

WWWTranscribe is a transcription system based on the WWW. It is platform independent and allows network access to speech databases. Its modular structure make it flexible, and it connects easily to existing signal processing applications or database management systems. WWWTranscribe consists of static HTML documents containing forms. To these forms CGI applications are attached that perform data processing and that dynamically create subsequent HTML documents. The system has been developed for the orthographic annotation of the German SpeechDat(II) telephone speech database. In its current implementation, it automatically creates SAM-PA annotation files according to the SpeechDat(II) database specifications [5], [4]. Variants of the system are being used for transcription by other SpeechDat(II) partners.
Extending real-time collaborative editing systems with asynchronous communication (2004)

The integration of synchronous and asynchronous modes of communication and the possibility of alternating them along the stages of a project is an important issue for the customization of the collaborative work in the engineering domain. We present the synchronous and asynchronous modes of collaboration for two main classes of documents, namely, textual and graphical. We describe how the real-time collaborative systems that we have developed can be extended to support also asynchronous functionality. We present two approaches for the asynchronous communication: synchronizing the private workspace against a central repository and against another private workspace.
Board-level fault diagnosis using Bayesian inference (2010)

Increasing integration densities and high operating speeds are leading to subtle manifestations of defects at the board level. Board-level functional test is therefore necessary for product qualification. The diagnosis of functional failures is especially challenging, and the cost associated with board-level diagnosis is escalating rapidly. An effective and cost-efficient board-level diagnosis strategy is needed to reduce manufacturing cost and time-to-market, as well as to improve product quality. In this paper, we use Bayesian inference to develop a new board-level diagnosis framework that allows us to identify faulty devices or faulty modules within a device on a failing board with high confidence. Bayesian inference offers a powerful probabilistic method for pattern analysis, classification, and decision making under uncertainty. We apply this inference technique by first generating a database of fault syndromes obtained using fault-insertion test at the module pin level on a fault-free board, and then use this database along with the observed erroneous behavior of a failing board to infer the most likely faulty device. Results on a case study using an open-source RISC system-on-chip highlight the effectiveness of the proposed framework in terms of fault-localization accuracy and correctness of diagnosis.
Building Thought Leadership Through Business-to-Business Social Media Engagement at Infosys (2013)

We present a framework for building thought leadership with key stakeholders through business-to-business social media engagement. We use this framework to describe how Infosys, an early adopter of social media, has strategically engaged with its customers to manage its brand, inform overall market directions and guide the company's future strategy.
Association of AKT1 Gene Polymorphisms With Risk of Schizophrenia and With Response to Antipsychotics in the Chinese Population (2007)

Our study suggests that AKT1 is a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in the Chinese population and that the AKT1 gene may play no major role in the therapeutic response to antipsychotics or in chlorpromazine-induced extrapyramidal syndrome.
A simple interprocedural register allocation algorithm and its effectiveness for LISP (1989)

Register allocation is an important optimization in many compilers, but with per-procedure register allocation, it is often not possible to make good use of a large register set. Procedure calls limit the improvement from global register allocation, since they force variables allocated to registers to be saved and restored. This limitation is more pronounced in LISP programs due to the higher frequency of procedure calls. An interprocedural register allocation algorithm is developed by simplifying a version of interprocedural graph coloring. The simplification corresponds to a bottom-up coloring of the interference graph. The scheme is evaluated using a number of LISP programs. The evaluation considers the scheme's limitations and compares these “software register windows” against the hardware register windows used in the Berkeley RISC and SPUR processors.
Immune complexes from immunized mice and infected cystic fibrosis patients mediate murine and human T cell killing of hybridomas producing protective, opsonic antibody to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (1993)

We examined the basis for the absence in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients of opsonic antibodies to the mucoid exopolysaccharide (MEP) antigen surrounding Pseudomonas aeruginosa that infect these patients. Opsonic antibodies to MEP are found in sera of the minority of CF patients that remain noncolonized into the second to fourth decades of life and protect rodents from chronic P. aeruginosa endobronchial infections. High titers of nonopsonic antibodies to MEP are found in P. aeruginosa-infected CF patients. Immunization of mice with doses of MEP that provoke only nonopsonic antibodies elicited CD3+, CD8+, T cell receptor alpha beta receptor+, major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted cytotoxic lymphocytes specific for hybridoma cells producing opsonic but not nonopsonic antibodies. Cytotoxicity was dependent on immune complexes on the surface of the T cells. Normal murine T cells could be activated by concanavalin A and sensitized with immune complexes for cytotoxic killing of hybridoma targets. CF patients infected with P. aeruginosa had serum immune complexes that sensitized concanavalin A-activated human T cells to kill murine hybridoma cells producing opsonic but not nonopsonic antibody. These results could explain the absence in infected CF patients of MEP-specific opsonins, an occurrence that accompanies the persistence of this infectious state.
The Synthesis and Analysis of Copper (II) Carboxylates (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis and Analysis of Copper (II) CarboxylatesClaude H. Yoder , Wendy D. Smith , Vera L. Katolik , Kenneth R. Hess , Marcus W. Thomsen , Carolyn S. Yoder , and Elizabeth R. Bullock Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 3, 267Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1995Published inissue 1 March 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/ed072p267RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2083Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mass Spectrometry of Proteins Directly from Polyacrylamide Gels (1996)

The direct combination of thin-layer gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry has been demonstrated with good sensitivity and mass accuracy, offering potential advantages in speed and reduced complexity. Mass spectra have been obtained from isoelectric focusing, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and native gels with as little as 660 fmol of α- and β-chain bovine hemoglobin and 1 pmol of horse heart myoglobin loaded. CNBr digests were performed in situ, and the products were probed in-gel. Noncovalent complexes such as multimeric protein systems, enzyme inhibitor complexes, and protein-ligand complexes can also be characterized when gel electrophoresis is run under nondenaturing conditions. This approach shows promise for simplifying the interface between gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.