gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma c-erbB-2 levels in breast cancer patients: prognostic significance in predicting response to chemotherapy. (1998)

In breast cancer patients, determination of c-erbB-2 levels before therapy is an important biomarker to assess the extent of disease spread in the lymph nodes. Postchemotherapy c-erbB-2 levels are also a prognostic indicator for DFS in patients who receive chemotherapy. Finally, in a subgroup of patients with greater than three positive nodes, prechemotherapy c-erbB-2 levels are a prognostic marker for response of patients to standard chemotherapy.
Matrix-Assisted Ionization Vacuum for High-Resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometers (2014)

Matrix-assisted ionization vacuum (MAIV) produces charge states similar to electrospray ionization (ESI) from the solid state without requiring high voltage or added heat. MAIV differs from matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) in that no laser is needed and abundant multiply charged ions are produced from molecules having multiple basic sites such as proteins. Here we introduce simple modifications to the commercial vacuum MALDI and ESI sources of a 9.4 T Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer to perform MAIV from both intermediate and atmospheric pressure. The multiply charged ions are shown for the proteins bovine insulin, ubiquitin, and lysozyme using 3-nitrobenzonitrile as matrix. These are the first examples of MAIV operating at pressures as low as 10(-6) mbar in an FT-ICR mass spectrometer source, and the expected mass resolving power of 100000 to 400000 is achieved. Identical protein charge states are observed with and without laser ablation indicating minimal, if any, role of photochemical ionization for the compounds studied.
Synthesis and antiarrhythmic activity of novel 3-alkyl-1-[.omega.-[4-[(alkylsulfonyl)amino]phenyl]-.omega.-hydroxyalkyl]-1H-imidazolium salts and related compounds. 2 (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and antiarrhythmic activity of novel 3-alkyl-1-[.omega.-[4-[(alkylsulfonyl)amino]phenyl]-.omega.-hydroxyalkyl]-1H-imidazolium salts and related compounds. 2Randall Lis, David D. Davey, Thomas K. Morgan Jr., William C. Lumma Jr., Ronald A. Wohl, Vijay K. Jain, Chung Nan Wan, Thomas M. Argentieri, Mark E. Sullivan, and Elinor H. CantorCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 12, 2303–2309Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00395a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00395a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unifying File System Protection (2001)

This paper describes an efficient and elegant architecture for unifying the meta-data protection of journaling file systems with the data integrity protection of collision -resistant cryptographic hashes. Traditional file system journaling protects the ordering of meta-data operations to maintain consistency in the presence of crashes. However, journaling does not protect important system meta-data and application data from modification or misrepresentation by faulty or malicious storage devices. With the introduction of both storage-area networking and increasingly complex storage systems into server architectures, these threats become an important concern. This paper presents the protected file system (PFS), a file system that unifies the meta-data update protection of journaling with strong data integrity. PFS computes hashes from file system blocks and uses these hashes to later verify the correctness of their contents. Hashes are stored within a system log, apart from the blocks they describe, but potentially on the same storage system. The write-ahead logging (WAL) protocol and the file system buffer cache are used to aggregate hash writes and allow hash computations and writes to proceed in the background. PFS does not require the sharing of secrets between the operating system and the storage system nor the deployment of any special cryptographic firmware or hardware. PFS is an end-to-end solution and will work with any block-oriented device, from a disk drive to a monolithic RAID system, without modification. 1
A diffusive electro-equivalent Li-ion battery model (2013)

Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries are the standard choice for many applications; but their behavior is complex. In order to safely and efficiently exploit their advantages, advanced model-based Battery Management Systems (BMS) are required. This paper introduces a computationally efficient, control-oriented model for a Li-ion cell. The model, by augmenting the classical Randle model with diffusive dynamics, is capable of describing both the high and low frequency behavior of the cell. The identification of the proposed model is detailed and an identification protocol proposed. The model is validated on a commercial lithium-ion cell. The proposed model yields an efficient simulation tool that can be employed for BMS design.
Fisetin stimulates autophagic degradation of phosphorylated tau via the activation of TFEB and Nrf2 transcription factors (2016)

The neuronal accumulation of phosphorylated tau plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we examined the effect of fisetin, a flavonol, on tau levels. Treatment of cortical cells or primary neurons with fisetin resulted in significant decreases in the levels of phosphorylated tau. In addition, fisetin decreased the levels of sarkosyl-insoluble tau in an active GSK-3β-induced tau aggregation model. However, there was no difference in activities of tau kinases and phosphatases such as protein phosphatase 2A, irrespective of fisetin treatment. Fisetin activated autophagy together with the activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and Nrf2 transcriptional factors. The activation of autophagy including TFEB is likely due to fisetin-mediated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibition, since the phosphorylation levels of p70S6 kinase and 4E-BP1 were decreased in the presence of fisetin. Indeed, fisetin-induced phosphorylated tau degradation was attenuated by chemical inhibitors of the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Together the results indicate that fisetin reduces levels of phosphorylated tau through the autophagy pathway activated by TFEB and Nrf2. Our result suggests fisetin should be evaluated further as a potential preventive and therapeutic drug candidate for AD.
Adenylyl Cyclase Regulates Signal Onset via the Inhibitory GTP-binding Protein, Gi (2000)

Adenylyl cyclase, the enzyme that converts ATP to cAMP, is regulated by its stimulatory and inhibitory GTP-binding proteins, G(s) and G(i), respectively. Recently, we demonstrated that besides catalyzing the synthesis of cAMP, type V adenylyl cyclase (ACV) can act as a GTPase-activating protein for Galpha(s) and also enhance the ability of activated receptors to stimulate GTP-GDP exchange on heterotrimeric G(s) (Scholich, K., Mullenix, J. B., Wittpoth, C., Poppleton, H. M., Pierre, S. C., Lindorfer, M. A., Garrison, J. C., and Patel, T. B. (1999) Science 283, 1328-1331). This latter action of ACV would facilitate the rapid onset of signaling via G(s). Because the C1 region of ACV interacts with the inhibitory GTP-binding protein Galpha(i), we investigated whether the receptor-mediated activation of heterotrimeric G(i) was also regulated by ACV and its subdomains. Our data show that ACV and its C1 domain increased the ability of a muscarinic receptor mimetic peptide (MIII-4) to enhance activation of heterotrimeric G(i) such that the amount of peptide required to stimulate G(i) in steady-state GTPase activity assays was 3-4 orders of magnitude less than without the C1 domain. Additionally, the MIII-4-mediated binding of guanosine 5'-(gamma-thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS) to G(i) was also markedly increased in the presence of ACV or its C1 domain. In contrast, the C2 domain of ACV was not able to alter either the GTPase activity or the GTPgammaS binding to G(i) in the presence of MIII-4. Furthermore, in adenylyl cyclase assays employing S49 cyc(-) cell membranes, the C1 (but not the C2) domain of ACV enhanced the ability of peptide MIII-4 as well as endogenous somatostatin receptors to activate endogenous G(i) and to inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity. These data demonstrate that adenylyl cyclase and its C1 domain facilitate receptor-mediated activation of G(i).
Operating system performance in support of real-time middleware (2003)

Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software is being evaluated and/or used in an increasing range of mission-critical distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. Due to substantial R&D investment over the past decade, COTS middleware has matured to the point where it is no longer the dominant factor in the overhead, non-determinism, and priority inversion incurred by DRE systems. As a result, the focus has shifted to the COTS operating systems and networks, which are once again responsible for the majority of end-to-end latency and jitter. We compare and evaluate the suitability of popular COTS operating systems for real-time COTS middleware, such as Real-time CORBA. We examine real-time operating systems (VxWorks and QNX), general-purpose operating systems with real-time thread scheduling classes (Windows NT Windows 2K, and Linux), and a hybrid real-time/general-purpose operating system (Linux/RT). While holding the hardware and ORB constant, we vary these operating systems systematically to measure platform-specific variations in context switch overhead, throughput of the ORB in terms of two-way operations per-second and memory-footprint of the ORB libraries. We also measure how the latency and jitter of high-priority operations are affected as the number of low-priority operations increase.
In-Situ High Resolution Dynamic X-ray Microtomographic Imaging of Olive Oil Removal in Kitchen Sponges by Squeezing and Rinsing (2018)

Recent advances in high resolution X-ray tomography (μCT) technology have enabled in-situ dynamic μCT imaging (4D-μCT) of time-dependent processes inside 3D structures, non-destructively and non-invasively. This paper illustrates the application of 4D-μCT for visualizing the removal of fatty liquids from kitchen sponges made of polyurethane after rinsing (absorption), squeezing (desorption) and cleaning (adding detergents). For the first time, time-dependent imaging of this type of system was established with sufficiently large contrast gradient between water (with/without detergent) and olive oil (model fat) by the application of suitable fat-sensitive X-ray contrast agents. Thus, contrasted olive oil filled sponges were rinsed and squeezed in a unique laboratory loading device with a fluid flow channel designed to fit inside a rotating gantry-based X-ray μCT system. Results suggest the use of brominated vegetable oil as a preferred contrast agent over magnetite powder for enhancing the attenuation coefficient of olive oil in a multi fluid filled kitchen sponge. The contrast agent (brominated vegetable oil) and olive oil were mixed and subsequently added on to the sponge. There was no disintegration seen in the mixture of contrast agent and olive oil during the cleaning process by detergents. The application of contrast agents also helped in accurately tracking the movement and volume changes of soils in compressed open cell structures. With the in house-built cleaning device, it was quantified that almost 99% of cleaning was possible for contrasted olive oil (brominated vegetable oil with olive oil) dispersed in the sponge. This novel approach allowed for realistic mimicking of the cleaning process and provided closer evaluation of the effectiveness of cleaning by detergents to minimize bacterial growth.
Human V <i>gamma</i> 9-V <i>delta</i> 2 T cell receptor- <i>gamma delta</i> lymphocytes show specificity to Daudi Burkitt's lymphoma cells. (1990)

Peripheral blood TCR-gamma delta cells with different functional V gamma or V delta gene rearrangements represent two nonoverlapping subsets. The major subset uses the V gamma 9 and the V delta 2 gene segments and the minor subset the V delta 1 gene segments in its functional TCR rearrangement. Upon in vitro activation, these TCR-gamma delta lymphocytes display MHC-unrestricted lytic activity, against a wide variety of tumor cells of distinct histologic origin. Here we show that fresh TCR-gamma delta lymphocytes that express a V gamma 9-V delta 2 encoded TCR display a specific proliferative response to Daudi, Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Moreover, cloned V gamma 9-V delta 2 lymphocytes show the capacity to lyse Daudi cells, whereas none of the cloned V gamma 1 TCR-gamma delta lymphocytes shows such specificity. Nucleotide diversity at the V-D-J junction of the TCR-V delta 2 gene did not contribute to this Daudi cell specificity. Comparison of the MHC-unrestricted cytolytic capacities of the V gamma 9-V delta 2 and the V delta 1 clones using a panel of distinct types of tumor target cells showed that on average, the level of MHC unrestricted lysis of V gamma 9-V delta 2 clones against these tumor cells exceeded that of V delta 1 clones. However, in contrast to all these tumor cell lines, only the Daudi cells showed such an absolute distinction in susceptibility to lysis by V gamma 9-V delta 2 and V delta 1 clones. V gamma 9-V delta 2 clones that were generated with a stimulator cell other than Daudi did not lyse their stimulator cells but nevertheless showed specific cytolysis of Daudi cells. The specific proliferation to and cytolysis of Daudi cells of the entire V gamma 9-V delta 2 subpopulation of TCR-gamma delta lymphocytes is reminiscent of a superantigen response.
Simox 3-D sculpting of vertically-coupled micro resonators in silicon (2004)

In this paper we report the demonstration of vertically coupled microdisk resonator structures on SOI substrates, using the technique of SIMOX 3-D sculpting.
Facile synthesis of isoflavones by the cross-coupling reaction of 3-iodochromone with arylboronic acids. (1989)

We describe a convenient preparation of isoflavones by the cross-coupling reactions of 3-iodo-chromone (1) with arylboronic acids (2) catalyzed by tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0).
Single-mode porous silicon waveguide interferometers with unity confinement factors for ultra-sensitive surface adlayer sensing (2019)

Guided wave-optics has emerged as a promising platform for label free biosensing. However, device sensitivity toward surface-bound small molecules is directly limited by the evanescent interaction and low confinement factor with the active sensing region. Here, we report a mesoporous silicon waveguide design and inverse fabrication technique that resolves the evanescent field interaction limitation while achieving maximal transverse confinement factors and preserving single-mode operation. The waveguide sensors are characterized in a Fabry-Perot interferometer configuration and the ultra-high sensitivity to small molecule adlayers is demonstrated. We also identify dispersion to be a promising degree of freedom for exceeding the sensitivity limits predicted by the conventional non-dispersive effective medium theory.
Fabrication of a bio‐inspired beta‐Tricalcium phosphate/collagen scaffold based on ceramic stereolithography and gel casting for osteochondral tissue engineering (2012)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to fabricate and characterize osteochondral beta‐tricalcium phosphate/collagen scaffold with bio‐inspired design by ceramic stereolithography (CSL) and gel casting. Design/methodology/approach Histological analysis was applied to explore the morphological characteristics of the transitional structure between the bone and the cartilage. The acquired data were used to design biomimetic biphasic scaffolds, which include the bone phase, cartilage phase, and their transitional structure. The engineered scaffolds were fabricated from β‐TCP‐collagen by CSL and gel casting. The cartilage phase was added to the ceramic phase by gel‐casting and freeze drying. Findings The resulting ceramic scaffolds were composed of a bone phase with the following properties: 700‐900 μm pore size, 200‐500 μm interconnected pores size, 50‐65 percent porosity, fully interconnected, ∼12 Mpa compressive strength. A suitable binding force between cartilage phase and ceramic phase was achieved by physical locking that was created by the biomimetic transitional structure. Cellular evaluation showed satisfactory results. Research limitations/implications This study is the first try to apply CSL to fabricate biological implants with β‐TCP and type‐I collagen. There are still some defects in the composition of the slurry and the fabrication process. Practical implications This strategy of osteochondral scaffold fabrication can be implemented to construct an osteochondral complex that is similar to native tissue. Originality/value The CSL technique is highly accurate, as well as biologically secure, when fabricating ceramic tissue engineering scaffolds and may be a promising method to construct hard tissue with delicate structures. The present strategy enhances the versatility of scaffold fabrication by RP.
Automated instrumentation for the diagnosis of invasive melanoma (1996)

Menzies, S. W.; McCarthy, W. H.; Crook, B.; Bischof, L.; Peden, G.; Talbot, H.; Gutenev, A.; Bull, D. J.; Thompson, R. L.; McNamara, K. W.
X-RAY STUDIES AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY IN COPPER AND COBALT COMPLEXES WITH IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE LIGANDS (2011)

The complexes Diaqua-bis(5-nitroimidazole)-copper(II)-dinitrate (1); Tetrakis(4-phenylimidazole)-copper(II)-dinitrate, ethanol solvate (2); Bis(4phenylimidazole)-bis(acetate)-copper(II) (3); Hexakis(4-phenylimidazole)-cobalt(II)-acetate (4) and Bis(2-phenylimidazole)-bis(acetate)-cobalt(II) (5), have been synthesized. Their structures were determined by X-ray analysis.
A New Antifreeze Coolant for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines (1990)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new antifreeze coolant has been developed for the heavy-duty diesel engine. This anti-freeze coolant has better anticorrosion performance than Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) and has longer life than commercial permanent-type coolants. The new antifreeze coolant is composed of ethylene glycol and corrosion inhibitors.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In glass ware tests, the new antifreeze coolant showed the best anticorrosion performance in cast iron, aluminum and other metals. The anticavitation pitting property and anti-oxidation property were also tested.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In order to evaluate the new antifreeze coolant, a bench engine test procedure has been established. Since the new antifreeze coolant caused light cylinder liner pitting on bench test, antifoaminq property of the coolant was improved. The improved coolant showed excellent performance against cavitation-pitting and aluminum corrosion on engine bench and in the field.</div>
Optically activated pin diode switch (2003)

The authors discuss the design, fabrication, and application of optically activated switches. A 0.25 m-thick Si pin diode, 3.0 mm in diameter, was tested using an 808 nm 2-D diode laser array measuring about 2 mm*5 mm as an optical source. Preliminary testing of the diode has demonstrated a holding voltage of 1000 V and a conduction of 10 A upon activation with 200 W of optical power (the pulse width was 10 mu s). The same device, while being pulsed-biased to 2.0 kV, has demonstrated 20 A pulses (100 ns pulse width) with less than 10 ns risetime. The laser peak power was 500 W.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Markers for <i>trans</i> -Golgi Membranes and the Intermediate Compartment Localize to Induced Membranes with Distinct Replication Functions in Flavivirus-Infected Cells (1999)

Replication of the flavivirus Kunjin virus is associated with virus-induced membrane structures within the cytoplasm of infected cells; these membranes appear as packets of vesicles associated with the sites of viral RNA synthesis and as convoluted membranes (CM) and paracrystalline arrays (PC) containing the components of the virus-specified protease (E. G. Westaway, J. M. Mackenzie, M. T. Kenney, M. K. Jones, and A. A. Khromykh, J. Virol. 71:6650-6661, 1997). To determine the cellular origins of these membrane structures, we compared the immunolabelling patterns of several cell markers in relation to these sites by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. A marker for the trans-Golgi membranes and the trans-Golgi network, 1,4-galactosyltransferase (GalT), was redistributed to large foci in the cytoplasm of Kunjin virus-infected cells, partially coincident with immunofluorescent foci associated with the putative sites of viral RNA synthesis. As determined by immunoelectron microscopy, the induced vesicle packets contained GalT, whereas the CM and PC contained a specific protein marker for the intermediate compartment (ERGIC53). A further indicator of the role of cellular organelles in their biogenesis was the observation that the Golgi apparatus-disrupting agent brefeldin A prevented further development of immunofluorescent foci of induced membranes if added before the end of the latent period but that once formed, these membrane foci were resistant to brefeldin A dispersion. Reticulum membranes emanating from the induced CM and PC were also labelled with the rough endoplasmic reticulum marker anti-protein disulfide isomerase and were obviously redistributed during infection. This is the first report identifying trans-Golgi membranes and the intermediate compartment as the apparent sources of the flavivirus-induced membranes involved in events of replication.
[Urinary incontinence--taboo during postmenopause]. (2000)

Urinary incontinence affects 30-60% of all women in the postmenopause. More and more women want to remove the taboo attached to incontinence, because they do not accept the reduction in quality of life, social and domestic activities. Detrusor instability (urge incontinence) and/or urethral sphincter incompetence (genuine stress incontinence) are the principal mechanisms, which lead to involuntary urine loss in older women. It is quite evident that additional factors as hypoestrogenism and urogenital atrophy influence urinary incontinence. Since in the postmenopause urge incontinence combined with urogenital atrophy its found predominantly, pharmacologic therapy with anticholinergic drugs and estrogen replacement are generally effective. Surgical therapy should be restricted to older women with genital prolapse and/or stress incontinence. In genuine stress incontinence, estrogen replacement therapy can lead to subjective improvement, but urodynamic parameters do not change objectively.