gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virus Polypeptide Synthesis Induced by Herpes Simplex Virus in Non-permissive Rat XC Cells (1983)

The synthesis of virus polypeptides in rat XC cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1; 13VB4tsC75) was studied. At the permissive temperature the virus induced the synthesis, in a cascade fashion, of significant amounts of several early polypeptides (ICP 6, 8 and 39) and those late polypeptides that are relatively resistant to inhibition by phosphonoacetic acid in HEp2 cells (ICP 5, 11, 25, 29, 43 and 44). The infectious cycle appeared to become arrested in XC cells at about 7 to 9 h postinfection, because the relative concentrations of early and latest polypeptides labelled thereafter remained constant and the levels of several of the late virus polypeptides were severely reduced (ICP 2, 10, 24 and 26) or not synthesized at all (ICP 32, 34 and 37). When XC cells were infected at a very high m.o.i., only a small amount of virus DNA synthesis could be detected; the synthesis of cellular DNA was not impaired and the infected XC cells continued to replicate for several weeks at least. When XC cells were infected at the non-permissive temperature, only the immediate-early (IE) ICP 4 could be detected while IE ICP 0 and 22 were not observed. Infection of XC cells with HSV-1 (MP) also resulted in the production of early and late viral polypeptides. On the other hand, in XC cells infected with HSV-1 (F) and HSV-1 (HFEM), the synthesis of virus polypeptides could not be detected.
Cloning and characterization of the <i>eae</i> gene of enterohaemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 (1992)

The eae (Escherichia coli attaching and effacing) gene from enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) was previously shown to be essential for production of the 'attaching and effacing' histopathology characteristic of EPEC infections (Jerse et al., 1990). We have now cloned the eae gene from enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) which, in addition to producing Shiga-like cytotoxins, also produces the attaching and effacing effect. The sequence homology between the EPEC and EHEC sequences was 86% and 83% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. The predicted amino acid sequence of the EHEC eae gene shared 31% identity and 51% similarity with invasin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Alignment of the EPEC and EHEC Eae proteins and the Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica invasins shows striking regions of identity with the greatest divergence at the C-terminal end, the putative receptor-binding portion of invasin.
[A current problem: the prevention of malaria]. (1990)

The A.A. weight present criteria of choice in order to set right a correct and effective anti-malarial prophylaxis. In the last ten years, a progressive increase of tropical diseases has been observed. This is due to the considerable growth of intercontinental traffic and of the number of persons moving to or from tropical areas where such diseases are endemic. Among these, malaria represent the most alarming problem, both because of the incidence cases and the difficulties related to the efficacy of pharmacological remedies for the chemoprophylaxis. In particular, three are now various pharmacological possibilities for malarial prophylaxis. Undoubtedly Chloroquine is the most efficacious even if there are many Plasmodium falciparum species resistant to Chloroquine and to other available medicines (multi-resistance). Most authors recommend to associate Chloroquine to others pharmacological substances to avoid pharmaco-resistance phenomena. Among the most famous pharmacological products used elsewhere are Fansidar, Maloprim, Paludrine and Lapudrine, not all are available in Italy. In China, for the therapy of resistant forms of malaria, the Qinghaosu a "schizont-killer" acting on multiresistant plasmodium falciparum has been utilizing for years. The Qinghaosu is not responsible for the crossing-reactions with other anti-malarial medicines. Various substances with Ca-antagonist action (Verapamil) are being experimented. It is supposed that Verapamil associated with Chloroquine can stop the flow of chlorine from plasmodium cells. The same mechanism is expected to be valid also for Desipramine, an experimental tricyclic anti-depressive when associated to Chloroquine. To the people moving to endemic areas, the A.A., at the end, suggest a series of practical norms to prevent infection and, therefore, the incidence of imported cases, still increasing at the moment, due to the absence of efficacious vaccine.
Sp1 Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Repressing p21WAF1/Cip1 Transcription and Cyclin D1-Cdk4-p21WAF1/Cip1 Complex Formation (2003)

Atherosclerosis and restenosis are common vascular disorders that involve excess proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the artery wall. In this study we demonstrate the anti-mitogenic, pro-apoptotic role of the zinc finger transcription factor Sp1 in vascular SMCs and define the underlying molecular mechanism via its capacity to repress the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/Cip1 at the level of transcription, mRNA, and protein. SMC proliferation inducible by a dominant-negative mutant form of Sp1 was abrogated by antisense strategies targeting p21WAF1/Cip1. Conversely, antisense p21WAF1/Cip1 induced apoptosis in SMCs overexpressing dominant-negative-Sp1. p21WAF1/Cip1 overexpression alone stimulated proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Sp1 down-regulated p21WAF1/Cip1 expression in SMCs. Sp1 blocked assembly of cyclin D1-Cdk4-p21WAF1/Cip1 complex formation whose integrity is critical for G1->S transition. Moreover, Rb phosphorylation, which lies immediately downstream of the cyclin D1-Cdk4-p21WAF1/Cip1 complex, was blocked either by Sp1 overexpression or antisense p21WAF1/Cip1. These findings, using complementary approaches, demonstrate the inverse relationship between Sp1 and p21WAF1/Cip1 in SMCs and the capacity of Sp1 to regulate SMC proliferation and apoptosis via its repression of p21WAF1/Cip1.
An Infrared Study of a Polyacrylate Flocculant Adsorbed on Hematite (1998)

Hematite was flocculated at various pH values using a 100% polyacrylate of high molecular weight, and the adsorbed configuration of the polymer was determined from infrared (DRIFT) spectra. The positions of the symmetric and asymmetric carboxylate stretches for the polyacrylate sodium salt and the adsorbed flocculant, and their separation were used to determine the adsorbed configuration. The adsorption mechanism is dominated by chemisorption, except at neutral pH in the presence of calcium ions when electrostatic interactions also play a role. At pH 7 the polyacrylate adsorbs in an essentially monodentate configuration. At this pH there is a significant degree of hydrogen bonding between the CO group of the flocculant and either the surface hydrogens of the hydroxylated hematite or the solvent (water). At higher pH (11−14) the monodentate configuration is much less evident and an asymmetric bidentate bridging structure is formed. In the presence of calcium ions at pH 7 a bidentate chelating structure occurs in addition to the monodentate structure. This chelating structure was not found at pH 13 and 14.
Siblings of Adults With Developmental Disabilities: Psychosocial Outcomes, Relationships, and Future Planning (2010)

Abstract As siblings play an increasing role in the lives of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities as a result of the longer lifespan of this population and the aging of their parents, more investigative work in this area is warranted. To lay a foundation for this, the authors reviewed the English‐language literature on siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, focusing on three main questions: (1) what are the psychosocial outcomes of having a sibling with an intellectual and developmental disabilities on the sibling without a disability?; (2) what factors relate to the nature of the sibling relationship?; and (3) what factors relate to future planning, including expected and future relationships when parents can no longer provide care? This literature review looked at published work for the period 1970–2008 on adult siblings over 21 years of age that addressed relationships, psychosocial outcomes, and/or involvement in future planning. Twenty‐three relevant studies were identified. Overall, these studies present a mixed, but generally positive picture of the psychosocial outcomes of having a sibling with a disability. They also indicate that siblings tend to have long‐lasting close relationships with their siblings with a disability and anticipate taking on greater supportive roles as both grow older.
ChemInform Abstract: Lead Galliate Glasses. (1988)

Abstract PbO‐Ga2O3 glasses containing 60‐80 mol% PbO are prepared and found to offer significant potential for applications requiring good IR transmission.
Photoautotrophic Micropropagation of Rose Plantlets under CO2 Enriched Conditions. (1993)

CO2 enrichment under a high photosynthetic photon flux density of 150 mol m-2 s-1, which is 2-3 times that in conventional plant tissue culture, was effective for promoting growth of miniature rose (Rosa hybrida Hdrt., cv Mary Antwernett ) plantlet in vitro. Growth was greater under photoautotrophic conditions than under photomixotrophic conditions. Photoautotrophic growth was greater when CO2 concentration in the culture room was higher.
Garbage collection and other optimizations (1988)

Existing techniques for garbage collection and machine code optimizations can interfere with each other. The inability to fully optimize code in a garbage-collected system is a hidden cost of garbage collection. One solution to this problem is proposed; an inexpensive protocol that permits most optimizations and garbage collection to coexist.\nA second approach to this problem and a separate problem in its own right is to reduce the need for garbage collection. This requires analysis of storage lifetime. Inferring storage lifetime is difficult in a language with nested and recursive data structures, but it is precisely these languages in which garbage collection is most useful. An improved analysis for "storage containment" is described.\nContainment information can be represented in a directed graph. The derivation of this graph falls into a monotone data-flow analysis framework; in addition, the derivation has the Church-Rosser property. The graphs produced in the analysis of a value-assignment language have the property that they can be replaced with a single graph without losing any information. These properties also assist in the generation of graphs for side-effect languages.\nA different approach to avoiding obtaining memory from the garbage collector is also proposed. Existing techniques are either not general or run the risk of consuming all of a bounded memory. A general, low overhead technique that does not consume excessive amounts of memory is described.
Deep Learning of Markov Model Based Machines for Determination of Better Treatment Option Decisions for Infertile Women (2019)

Abstract In this technical article, we are proposing ideas those we have been developing of how machine learning and deep learning techniques can potentially assist obstetricians / gynecologists in better clinical decision making using infertile women in their treatment options in combination with mathematical modeling in pregnant women as examples.
Novel mutations introduced at the β-site of amyloid β protein precursor enhance the production of amyloid β peptide by BACE1 in vitro and in cells (2005)

Abnormal production and accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). beta-secretase (BACE1) is responsible for the cleavage at thebeta-site in amyloid beta protein precursor (AbetaPP/APP) to generate the N-terminus of Abeta. Here we report the stepwise identification and characterization of a novel APP-beta-site mutant, "NFEV" (APP_NFEV) in vitro and in cells. In vitro, the APP_NFEV exhibits 100-fold enhanced cleavage rate relative to the "wild-type" substrate (APPwt) and 10-fold increase relative to the Swedish-type mutation variant (APPsw). In cells, it was preferably cleaved among 24 APP beta-site mutations tested. More importantly, the APP_NFEV mutant failed to generate any detectable Abeta peptides in BACE1-KO mouse fibroblast cells. The production of Abeta peptides was restored by co-transfecting human BACE1, demonstrating that BACE1 is the only enzyme responsible for the processing of APP_NFEV in these cells. Analysis of APP_NFEV cleavage products secreted in the media revealed that in cells BACE1 cleaves APP_NFEV at the position between NF and EV, identical to that observed in vitro. A BACE inhibitor blocked the processing of the APP_NFEV beta-site in vitro and in cells. Our data indicates that the "NFEV" mutant is not only an enhanced substrate for BACE1 in vitro, but also a specific substrate for BACE1 in cells.
Growth of <i>Agrostis palustris</i> in Response to Adventitious Root Infection by <i>Curvularia lunata</i> (1995)

Abstract Curvularia lunata is reported as a minor pathogen of adventitious roots of Agrostis palustris. C. lunata isolates from roots of A. palustris were evaluated for their ability to infect adventitious roots at temperatures ranging from 23 to 48°C. All isolates of C. lunata decreased both the shoot and root growth of root‐inoculated plants during a 10‐week observation period, but failed to produce the foliar symptoms observed in the field. Shoot and root weights of inoculated, plants were 47–66% and 55–69% of their respective controls. Infected roots were light tan in colour without lesions or rot, and infections were restricted to root hairs and cortical tissue. These observations are discussed relative to the nature of the pathogenicity of C. hunata as a root pathogen and its potential function in a root disease complex.
The Effect of Pre-irradiation Annealing on TL and PTTL Glow Curves of Pure Li2B4O7 Single Crystals (1996)

Journal Article The Effect of Pre-irradiation Annealing on TL and PTTL Glow Curves of Pure Li2B4O7 Single Crystals Get access Y. Kutomi, Y. Kutomi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.H. Kharita, M.H. Kharita Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S.A. Durrani S.A. Durrani Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 65, Issue 1-4, 1 June 1996, Pages 333–337, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031655 Published: 01 June 1996
Modified Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution protocol with two-way classical communications (2005)

The quantum key distribution protocol without public announcement of bases is equipped with a two-way classical communication symmetric entanglement purification protocol. This modified key distribution protocol is unconditionally secure and has a higher tolerable error rate of 20%, which is higher than previous scheme without public announcement of bases.
Where's the Outrage? (2008)

Journal of the American College of Surgeons: January 2009 - Volume 208 - Issue 1 - p 78-79 doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.09.022
UHD AMOLED Driving Scheme of Compensation Pixel and Gate Driver Circuits Achieving High-Speed Operation (2017)

This paper presents a new driving scheme for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode displays. A pixel circuit based on this driving scheme was developed to compensate for the threshold voltage and mobility variations of low-temperature polycrystalline-silicon thin-film transistors (TFTs), eliminate image flickering and current-resistance voltage drops, and suit ultrahigh-definition (UHD) resolution applications. A new gate driver with a concise 6T1C structure is also proposed to realize the driving scheme in practice. Fabricated TFTs and OLEDs were measured to establish models. Simulations using these models demonstrate that the proposed pixel circuit achieves uniform OLED current regardless of undesirable influences at UHD resolution.
Applying Combinatorial Chemistry and Biology to Food Research (2004)

In the past decade combinatorial chemistry has become a major focus of research activity in the pharmaceutical industry for accelerating the development of novel therapeutic compounds. The same combinatorial strategies could be applied to a broad spectrum of areas in agricultural and food research, including food safety and nutrition, development of product ingredients, and processing and conversion of natural products. In contrast to "rational design", the combinatorial approach relies on molecular diversity and high-throughput screening. The capability of exploring the structural and functional limits of a vast population of diverse chemical and biochemical molecules makes it possible to expedite the creation and isolation of compounds of desirable and useful properties. Several studies in recent years have demonstrated the utility of combinatorial methods for food research. These include the discovery of synthetic antimicrobial, antioxidative, and aflatoxin-binding peptides, the identification and analysis of unique flavor compounds, the generation of new enzyme inhibitors, the development of therapeutic antibodies for botulinum neurotoxins, the synthesis of unnatural polyketides and carotenoids, and the modification of food enzymes with novel properties. The results of such activities could open a large area of applications with potential benefits to the food industry. This review describes the current techniques of combinatorial chemistry and their applications, with emphasis on examples in food science research.
Multiple Access via Compute-and-Forward. (2014)

Lattice codes used under the Compute-and-Forward paradigm suggest an alternative strategy for the standard Gaussian multiple-access channel (MAC): The receiver successively decodes integer linear combinations of the messages until it can invert and recover all messages. In this paper, this strategy is developed and analyzed. For the two-user MAC, it is shown that without time-sharing, the entire capacity region can be attained with a single-user decoder as soon as the signal-to-noise ratios are above 1 + 2. A partial analysis is given for more than two users. Lastly the strategy is extended to the so-called dirty MAC where two interfering signals are known non-causally to the two transmitters in a distributed fashion. Our scheme extends the previously known results and gives new achievable rate regions. I.
Carnitine metabolism to trimethylamine by an unusual Rieske-type oxygenase from human microbiota (2014)

Dietary intake of L-carnitine can promote cardiovascular diseases in humans through microbial production of trimethylamine (TMA) and its subsequent oxidation to trimethylamine N-oxide by hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenases. Although our microbiota are responsible for TMA formation from carnitine, the underpinning molecular and biochemical mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, using bioinformatics approaches, we first identified a two-component Rieske-type oxygenase/reductase (CntAB) and associated gene cluster proposed to be involved in carnitine metabolism in representative genomes of the human microbiota. CntA belongs to a group of previously uncharacterized Rieske-type proteins and has an unusual "bridging" glutamate but not the aspartate residue, which is believed to facilitate intersubunit electron transfer between the Rieske center and the catalytic mononuclear iron center. Using Acinetobacter baumannii as the model, we then demonstrate that cntAB is essential in carnitine degradation to TMA. Heterologous overexpression of cntAB enables Escherichia coli to produce TMA, confirming that these genes are sufficient in TMA formation. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments have confirmed that this unusual "bridging glutamate" residue in CntA is essential in catalysis and neither mutant (E205D, E205A) is able to produce TMA. Taken together, the data in our study reveal the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underpinning carnitine metabolism to TMA in human microbiota and assign the role of this novel group of Rieske-type proteins in microbial carnitine metabolism.
Low-Cost WDM Fronthaul Enabled by Partitioned Asymmetric AWGR With Simultaneous Flexible Transceiver Assignment and Chirp Management (2017)

The explosion of mobile traffic requires fronthaul networks to provide huge data capacity. One straightforward solution is to use wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technologies with a sufficient number of transceivers, but the massive deployment of fronthaul networks inevitably adds transceiver cost. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a low-cost scheme using a partitioned asymmetric arrayed waveguide grating router (AWGR) and distributed feedback Bragg (DFB) directly modulated lasers (DMLs) for WDM fronthaul. First, the centralization feature of a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) puts the transceivers together by nature, offering the potential to reduce the number of deployed transceivers based on optical switching fabric. We design what we believe is a novel asymmetric N×M AWGR-based switching fabric featuring a "partitioned cyclic routing" property that (i) enables flexible contention-free transceiver assignment; (ii) relaxes the requirement of tuning range, which allows the use of DFB lasers with moderate tuning range; and (iii) changes the diversity of the tuning range from N types to N/M types. We also investigate the scalability of the scheme and show its rearrangeable contention-free assignment feature. Second, to adopt cost-effective DMLs, the intrinsic Gaussian-shape AWGR's edge filtering is employed to manage the frequency chirp of DFB DMLs, avoiding additional optical or electrical processing modules. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate the robustness of this scheme. In particular, we report that the allowable optical signal's frequency deviation ranges from −7.5 GHz to 7 GHz, and the induced additional crosstalk to AWGR's adjacent port due to a deliberate frequency offset is far below the system design limit. In addition, the scheme is compatible with common 50 GHz, 100 GHz, and 200 GHz channel spacing AWGRs.
Enhanced multidimensional spatial functions for unambiguous localization of multiple sparse acoustic sources (2012)

The Steered Response Power with PHAT transform (SRP-PHAT) or Global Coherence Field (GCF), has become a standard method for acoustic source localization, thanks to their simplicity, computational inexpensiveness and robustness against mid-high reverberation. However, originally formulated for the single source localization case, it does not apply satisfactorily to the multiple source case. In this paper, we analyze the structure of the spatial function and reshape it according to a generic multidimensional metric. We show that traditional functions are based on the L1 norm which is prone to generate ambiguous locations with high likelihood (i.e. ghosts). A more generic multidimensional kernel based on higher norms and on a partitioned representation of the cross-power spectrum is introduced, which better exploits the source sparseness in the discrete time-frequency domain. Evaluation results over simulated data show that the new spatial functions considerably improve the detection of multiple competing sources in both spatial and multidimensional TDOA domains.