gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile Microbiome (2013)

The link between oral infections and adverse systemic conditions has attracted much attention in the research community. Several mechanisms have been proposed, including spread of the oral infection due to transient bacteremia resulting in bacterial colonization in extra-oral sites, systemic injury by free toxins of oral pathogens, and systemic inflammation caused by soluble antigens of oral pathogens. Mounting evidence supports a major role of the systemic spread of oral commensals and pathogens to distant body sites causing extra-oral infections and inflammation. We review here the most recent findings on systemic infections and inflammation complicated by oral bacteria, including cardiovascular disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, respiratory tract infections, and organ inflammations and abscesses. The recently identified virulence mechanisms of oral species Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Campylobacter rectus are also reviewed. A pattern emerges indicating that only select subtype(s) of a given species, e.g., F. nucleatum subspecies animalis and polymorphum and S. mutans non-c serotypes, are prone to extra-oral translocation. These findings advocate the importance of identification and quantification of potential pathogens at the subtype levels for accurate prediction of disease potential.
Multiple reaction monitoring as a method for identifying protein posttranslational modifications. (2005)

The activity of many transcriptional regulators is significantly altered by posttranslational modifications of specific sites. For example, the activity of the muscle-restricted transcription factor family myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) is tightly controlled by phosphorylation. This modification is responsible for either an increase or a decrease in transcriptional activity, depending on the specific amino acid residues that are phosphorylated by signal-dependent kinases. Although mass spectrometry-based methods, such as precursor ion and neutral loss scans, are extremely useful for identifying unknown phosphopeptides from a complex mixture, they do not take advantage of any prior knowledge about the protein being investigated. Quite often a significant amount of information is available. This may include the primary sequence, type of phosphorylation (serine/threonine vs. tyrosine), or predicted phosphoacceptor sites (consensus peptide that is targeted by a kinase). This information can be used to predict precursor and fragment ion m/z values for a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) experiment. By using these highly sensitive MRM experiments to trigger dependent product ion scans on a hybrid quadrupole linear ion-trap instrument, we were able to identify low levels of phosphorylation of MEF2A (a member of the MEF2 family), and alpha-casein. This method of monitoring protein phosphorylation at specific phosphoacceptor sites may prove useful in understanding the physiological regulation of protein function.
A 1.8V Low-Jitter CMOS Ring Oscillator with Supply Regulation (2005)

This paper presents a low-jitter VCO with on-chip supply regulation. Implemented in a digital 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS process, the design uses only the nominal 1.8V supply. The VCO has a tuning range from 72 MHz to 143 MHz and dissipates 11mW. At 140MHz, the VCO has an measured rms cycle jitter of 7.3ps with no supply noise. The benefits of on-chip regulation are demonstrated by superimposing a 200mVpp, 70MHz sine wave on top of the 1.8V power-supply. Without regulation, the jitter increases to 123 ps; with regulation, however, the measured rms cycle jitter is only 9.4ps.
Stereoselective epoxidation of acyclic olefinic carboxylic acids via iodolactonization (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective epoxidation of acyclic olefinic carboxylic acids via iodolactonizationPaul A. Bartlett and Joel MyersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 12, 3950–3952Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00480a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00480a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2496Altmetric-Citations193LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Drug therapy in pregnancy. (1978)

A wideband, wide-scan phased array of connected dipoles has been designed and fabricated. Measured results from a 7 7 prototype demonstrator are presented for experimental validation. In order to avoid common-mode resonances that typically affect this type of array, loop-shaped transformers are included in the feed network. The common-mode rejection implemented by these transformers allow maintaining the crosspolarization levels to values lower than ..10 dBs over a 30% relative bandwidth, for elevation angle up to 45 in all azimuth planes. The array exhibits a measured voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) lower than 2.5 from 3 to 5 GHz for broadside radiation. The VSWR maintains levels lower than 3 within a scan volume of 45 from broadside in all planes.
Pillared-Layer Microporous Metal−Organic Frameworks Constructed by Robust Hydrogen Bonds. Synthesis, Characterization, and Magnetic and Adsorption Properties of 2,2‘-Biimidazole and Carboxylate Complexes (2005)

Two new isostructural complexes [M(H2biim)3][M(btc)(Hbiim)].2H2O (M = Co, (1); M = Ni, (2)) (btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate; H2biim = 2,2'-biimidazole) have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. They present a unique structure consisting of two distinct units: the monomeric cations [M(H2biim)3]2+ and the two-dimensional (2D) anionic polymer [M(Hbiim)(btc)]2-. In the anionic moiety, the Hbiim- monoanion is simultaneously coordinated to one metal atom in a bidentate mode and further to another metal atom in a monodentate mode. The imidazolate groups bridge the two adjacent metal ions into a helical chain which is further arranged in left- and right-handed manners. These chains are bridged by btc ligands into a 2D brick wall structure. The most interesting aspect is that the [M(H2biim)3]2+ cations act as pillars and link the anionic layers via robust heteromeric hydrogen-bonded synthons (9) and (7) formed by the uncoordinated oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups and the H2biim ligands, resulting in a microporous metal-organic framework with one-dimensional (1D) channels (ca. 11.85 angstroms x 11.85 angstroms for 1 and 11.43 angstroms x 11.43 angstroms for 2). Magnetic properties of these two complexes have also been studied in the temperature range of 2-300 K, and their magnetic susceptibilities obey the Curie-Weiss law in the temperature range of 20-300 K (for 1) and 2-300 K (for 2), respectively, showing anti-ferromagnetic coupling through imidazolate bridging. Taking into consideration the Heisenberg infinite chain model as well as the possibility of chain-to-chain and chain-to-cation interactions, the anti-ferromagnetic exchange of 2 is analyzed via a correction for the molecular field, giving the values of g(cat) = 2.296, g(Ni) = 2.564, J = -13.30 cm(-1), and zJ' = -0.017 cm(-1). The microporous frameworks are stable at ca. 350 degrees C. They do not collapse after removal of the guest water molecules in the channels, and they adsorb methanol molecules selectively.
The designed Chinese home-based assessment form of disability elder (2011)

The local government plans to promote a long-term care via integrating the regional hospitals and establishing of long-term care center. The disability elders were referred to the local hospitals, and the assessment was needed for the treatment and re-treatment criteria of physical therapy. The assessments and functional status are needed to be recorded, and we tried to design an assessment form and analyze the feasibility. We designed home-based assessment form 12 (items) for assessing the motor function of disability elders. The result of our study showed that total correlation coefficient (r) was 0.89 and Cronbach's α of 0.91. After clinical test of 85 disability elders, the home-based assessment is suitable for assessment the improvement of motor function. As the amount of subjects was too less and the treatment time was too short, more investigation on this issue is still needed.
Class Action vs. Arbitration: Does TILA Support Class Actions in Arbitration Where Statutory Rights are Concerned - Johnson v. West Suburban Bank (2001)

Johnson v. West Suburban Bank is an important case in American jurisprudence because it combines several United States Supreme Court cases to establish a test for whether arbitration provisions relating to statutory rights should be upheld when they essentially preclude class actions. This Casenote will examine the progression the courts have taken and Johnson's subsequent test. Finally, an evaluation of this test will follow.
Preparation and electrical properties of MOCVD-deposited PZT thin films (1991)

Strongly [001] oriented lead zirconate-titanate [Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3] thin films with tetragonal structure (0&lt;x&lt;0.52) have been successfully grown on (100)Pt/(100)MgO substrates by using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The metalorganic precursors were Pb(C2H5)4, Zr(DPM)4 and Ti(i-OC3H7)4. Scanning electron micrographs showed dense and noncolumnar growth with good surface morphology. The relative dielectric constants at room temperature were 200–350, and appeared to have less dependence on composition x than for PZT bulk ceramics. Typical D-E hysteresis loops which occur with PZT bulk ceramics were observed. Remanent polarizations were 30–40 μC/cm2. The coercive field decreased from 65 to 40 kV/cm with increases in Zr content. The pyroelectric coefficients without poling treatment were about 3×10−8 C/cm2 K, showing almost the same value as that of poled PZT bulk ceramics.
Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by furancarboxylic acid accumulated in uremic serum in its albumin-bound and non-dialyzable form. (1993)

3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF) accumulates markedly in uremic serum in its albumin-bound form. To determine if CMPF can be removed by newly developed dialyzers with high-flux membranes which are permeable to low-molecular-weight proteins, such as beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), serum levels of CMPF were determined before and after hemodialysis using these high-flux membrane dialyzers. In addition, to determine the pathogenic role of CMPF in uremic patients, its cellular toxicity due to its effect on mitochondrial respiration was studied. The reduction rates of CMPF by hemodialysis using the dialyzers ranged from -17% to -24%, demonstrating the nondialyzability of CMPF due to its strong albumin-binding, while those of beta 2-MG ranged from 11% to 43%. CMPF inhibited ADP-stimulated oxidation of NADH-linked substrates in isolated mitochondria dose-dependently regardless of the presence of serum albumin. This inhibition was observed even at a concentration of 0.2 mM, which is comparable to the serum levels of CMPF in the hemodialysis patients. In conclusion CMPF which cannot be removed even by high-flux membrane dialyzers, is a strong inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, and novel purification methods to remove CMPF from the blood of uremic patients should be developed.
Team-partitioned, opaque-transition reinforcement learning (1999)

We present a novel multi-agent learning paradigm called team-partitioned, opaque-transition reinforcement learning (TPOT-RL). TPOT-RL introduces the use of action-dependent features to generalize the state space. In our work, we use a learned action-dependent feature space to aid higher-level reinforcement learning. TPOT-RL is an effective technique to allow a team of agents to learn to cooperate towards the achievement of a specific goal. It is an adaptation of traditional RL methods that is applicable in complex, non-Markovian, multi-agent domains with large state spaces and limited training opportunities. TPOT-RL is fully implemented and has been tested in the robotic soccer domain, a complex, multi-agent framework. This paper presents the algorithmic details of TPOT-RL as well as empirical results demonstrating the effectiveness of the developed multi-agent learning approach with learned features.
Backscattering from tapered resistive strips (1984)

Resistive strips have lower backscattering cross sections than perfectly conducting strips, and this is true in particular when the illumination is edge-on with the electric vector parallel to the edge. The scattering then consists of edge contributions and attention is confined to this case. Using the available expressions for the edge contributions of uniform resistive strips it is shown that the front edge scattering decreases with increasing resistivity, whereas the rear edge scattering increases. This suggests that the resistivity should be tapered from a maximum at the front to zero at the rear, and numerical results are presented for the particular case of quadratic (parabolic) tapers. Values for the front and rear edge contributions are extracted from the scattered field data, and for strips more than about a half-wavelength in width it is found that the front edge contribution is almost identical to that for a uniform resistive half-plane. An empirical expression for the rear edge contribution is also derived, and the implications of the results are examined.
Partitioning between unfolding and release of native domains during ClpXP degradation determines substrate selectivity and partial processing (2005)

Energy-dependent proteases, such as ClpXP, are responsible for the regulated destruction of proteins in all cells. AAA+ ATPases in these proteases bind protein substrates and power their mechanical denaturation and subsequent translocation into a secluded degradation chamber where polypeptide cleavage occurs. Here, we show that model unfolded substrates are engaged rapidly by ClpXP and are then spooled into the degradation chamber at a rate proportional to their length. Degradation and competition studies indicate that ClpXP initially binds native and unfolded substrates similarly. However, stable native substrates then partition between frequent release and infrequent denaturation, with only the latter step resulting in committed degradation. During degradation of a fusion protein with three tandem native domains, partially degraded species with one and two intact domains accumulated. These processed proteins were not bound to the enzyme, showing that release can occur even after translocation and degradation of a substrate have commenced. The release of stable substrates and committed engagement of denatured or unstable native molecules ensures that ClpXP degrades less stable substrates in a population preferentially. This mechanism prevents trapping of the enzyme in futile degradation attempts and ensures that the energy of ATP hydrolysis is used efficiently for protein degradation.
Alkylphosphonate Modified Aluminum Oxide Surfaces (2006)

The surface properties of aluminum, such as chemical composition, roughness, friction, adhesion, and wear, can play an important role in the performance of micro-/nano-electromechanical systems, e.g., digital micromirror devices. Aluminum substrates chemically reacted with octadecylphosphonic acid (ODP/Al), decylphosphonic acid (DP/Al), and octylphosphonic acid (OP/Al) have been investigated and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). XPS analysis confirmed the presence of alkylphosphonate molecules on ODP/Al, DP/Al, and OP/Al. No phosphonates were found on bare Al as a control. The sessile drop static contact angle of pure water on ODP/Al and DP/Al was typically more than 115 degrees and on OP/Al typically less than 105 degrees indicating that all phosphonic acid reacted Al samples were highly hydrophobic. The root-mean-square surface roughness for ODP/Al, DP/Al, OP/Al, and bare Al was less than 15 nm as determined by AFM. The surface energy for ODP/Al and DP/Al was determined to be approximately 21 and 22 mJ/m2, respectively, by the Zisman plot method, compared to 25 mJ/m2 for OP/Al. ODP/Al and OP/Al were studied by friction force microscopy, a derivative of AFM, to better understand their micro-/nano-tribological properties. ODP/Al gave the lowest coefficient of friction values while bare Al gave the highest. The adhesion forces for ODP/Al and OP/Al were comparable.
2010 미국프로골프협회 자료를 활용한 경로분석을 통한 경기력의 평균타수에 미치는 영향력 비교 (2011)

경로분석은 변수 사이의 관계를 규명하는 방법으로 회귀분석에서 파악하기 어려운 직접효과와 간접효과, 의사효과를 파악할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 골프경기에서 가장 중요한 경기력 요소를 이용하여 평균타수에 어떻게 직접, 간접적으로 영향을 미치는가를 경로분석을 통하여 연구하였으며 자료는 2010년 남자프로골프선수 상위권 186명을 이용하였다.
The importance of the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle during aerobic growth ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae (1998)

Maintenance of a cytoplasmic redox balance is a necessity for sustained cellular metabolism. Glycerol formation is the only way by which Saccharomyces cerevisiae can maintain this balance under anaerobic conditions. Aerobically, on the other hand, several different redox adjustment mechanisms exist, one of these being the glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) shuttle. We have studied the importance of this shuttle under aerobic conditions by comparing growth properties and glycerol formation of a wild-type strain with that of gut2 delta mutants, lacking the FAD-dependent glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, assuming that the consequent blocking of G3P oxidation is forcing the cells to produce glycerol from G3P. To impose different demands on the redox adjustment capability we used various carbon sources having different degrees of reduction. The results showed that the shuttle was used extensively with reduced substrate such as ethanol, whereas the more oxidized substrates lactate and pyruvate, did not provoke any activity of the shuttle. However, the absence of a functional G3P shuttle did not affect the growth rate or growth yield of the cells, not even during growth on ethanol. Presumably, there must be alternative systems for maintaining a cytoplasmic redox balance, e.g. the so-called external NADH dehydrogenase, located on the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. By comparing the performance of the external NADH dehydrogenase and the G3P shuttle in isolated mitochondria, it was found that the former resulted in high respiratory rates but a comparably low P/O ratio of 1.2, whereas the shuttle gave low rates but a high P/O ratio of 1.7. Our results also demonstrated that of the two isoforms of NAD-dependent glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, only the enzyme encoded by GPD1 appeared important for the shuttle, since the enhanced glycerol production that occurs in a gut2 delta strain proved dependent on GPD1 but not on GPD2.
Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dermatology (1985)

This book will, it is hoped, fill the gap between cur rent, smaller texts on dermatology and the standard, large reference books. It should be helpful to those embarking on a career in dermatology and
Synovial fluid analysis of two groups of proteoglycan epitopes distinguishes early and late cartilage lesions (1992)

These findings indicate that the hyaluronan-binding region is initially retained in the tissue during the development of cartilage destruction. The combined analysis of these markers offers a new avenue for assessment of the degree of cartilage damage in arthritis.
The mucin marker, CASA, in ovarian cancer (1995)

The Cancer-associated Serum Antigen (CASA) assay uses two monoclonal antibodies reactive with the core protein of the polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1) to measure levels of this molecule in serum. Detection of this mucin using this assay is dependent on the level of glycosylation of this complex molecule. A normal range of CASA levels has been established with smoking, increasing age and chronic respiratory infections increasing basal CASA levels. Because of the independent expression of CASA and CA125 in ovarian cancer, and because CASA is not elevated in most patients with benign adnexal masses, CASA can be used in combination with CA125 to facilitate the discrimination of malignant from benign ovarian disease. Post-operative pre-chemotherapeutic CASA levels appear to more accurately classify the status of residual disease in ovarian cancer resulting in improved prognostic ability of CASA over CA125 at this time. The combination of CASA with CA125 in monitoring for recurrence of ovarian cancer results in detection of recurrence more than two months before clinical symptoms in 60% of patients. Although this mucin marker appears to generally have a lower sensitivity for ovarian cancer than CA125, when used in combination with CA125 it can enhance the management of patients with this disease.
Rabbit eye irritation caused by wearing toxic contact lenses and their cytotoxicities: <i>In vivo/in vitro</i> correlation study using standard reference materials (1993)

To clarify the relationship between eye irritancy and cytotoxic potential induced by irritant materials, we made lenses coated with standard reference materials (SRMs) prepared from various amounts of zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC) and polyurethane (PU). Zinc diethyldithiocarbamate was classified as a mild irritant by the Draize eye irritation test. When ZDEC-SRM coated contact lenses were applied to rabbit eyes, Draize scores increased in proportion to both the ZDEC and PU concentrations used for coating. Furthermore, correlation with the cytotoxic potential (gamma = -0.93) was better than with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities of tears from rabbit eyes wearing these coated lenses (gamma = 0.78). In conclusion, in vivo eye irritancy induced by wearing lenses could be estimated quantitatively with the cytotoxic potentials using a colony assay. Furthermore, we could compare different sensitivities caused by the same set of SRMs among three different sites of tissue. As a result, the order of sensitivity was eye > muscle >> skin.