gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AMPK integrates nutrient and hormonal signals to regulate food intake and energy balance through effects in the hypothalamus and peripheral tissues (2006)

The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), functions as a cellular fuel gauge that regulates metabolic pathways in glucose and fatty acid metabolism and protein synthesis. Recent data strongly implicate the AMPK-acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC)-malonyl CoA pathway in the hypothalamus in the regulation of food intake, body weight and hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, data indicate that AMPK is a mediator of the effects of adipocyte-derived and gut-derived hormones and peptides on fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Studies are now elucidating the potential role of kinases upstream of AMPK in these metabolic effects. In addition, recently, several novel downstream effectors of AMPK have been identified. The AMPK pathway in the hypothalamus and peripheral tissues coordinately integrates inputs from multiple hormones, peptides and nutrients to maintain energy homeostasis.
Lidocaine Inhibits Blood Coagulation (1996)

Lidocaine in the epidural space, through inhibitory effects upon coagulation, may contribute to inefficacy of epidural autologous blood patch (EBP).This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of achievable epidural concentrations of lidocaine on blood coagulation as a step in testing this hypothesis. Ex vivo blood coagulation using whole blood (n = 20) was studied with computerized thrombelastography (TEG). Each blood specimen was exposed to serial dilutions of lidocaine hydrochloride or saline to form end-concentrations of 0.0 mM, 2.3 mM, 4.6 mM, 9.2 mM, 18.5 mM, and 36.9 mM lidocaine. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance for repeated measures revealed that the three highest lidocaine concentrations tested caused hypocoagulable and/or fibrinolytic changes as compared with controls. Achievable epidural admixtures of lidocaine and whole blood will impair coagulation. Therefore, residual lidocaine in the epidural space may contribute to failures of immediate or early EBP. (Anesth Analg 1996;82:766-9)
Localization of the Pancreatic Beta Cell Glucose Transporter to Specific Plasma Membrane Domains (1989)

Immunocytochemical techniques revealed that the "liver-type" glucose transporter is present in the insulin-producing beta cells of rat pancreatic islets but not in other islet endocrine cells. Ultrastructural analysis of the transporter by the protein A-gold technique showed that it is restricted to certain domains of the plasma membrane, its density being sixfold higher in microvilli facing adjacent endocrine cells than in the flat regions of the plasma membrane. These results support a possible role for this glucose transporter in glucose sensing by beta cells and provide evidence that these cells are polarized.
Pregestasyonel Diyabeti Olanlarda Rehberlik, Tedavi ve İzlem (2017)

AbstractWith increased incedence of obesity nowadays diabetes has been diagnosed  more fre-quently among young population. Because of poorly controlled diabetes serious fetal andmaternal complications can be seen during pregnancy. Genetic and environmental factors,which newborns of diabetic mothers encounter during their intrauterine life, may have longlasting consequences, even during adulthood. With control of hyperglycemia risks of con-genital malformations and certain perinatal mortality may decrease the risks of those innondiabetic pregnancies. Therefore it is important to manage pregestational diabetes.
Application of n-type microcrystalline silicon oxide as back reflector of crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells (2015)

We investigated the application of n-type hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon oxide (n-µc-Si1−xOx:H) as an alternative back reflector material for n-type heterojunction solar cells. The effect of the CO2 and PH3 flow rates on the refractive index, oxygen content, conductivity, and crystalline fraction (Xc) of n-µc-Si1−xOx:H films was evaluated. By controlling the film oxygen content, the refractive index could be widely changed, while the absorption coefficient at wavelengths exceeding 800 nm was practically zero. We found that the insertion of an n-µc-Si1−xOx:H layer between the back surface field and the rear electrode improves the reflectance at long wavelengths. The improvement in reflectance resulted in higher internal quantum efficiency in the IR range, suggesting that the application of n-µc-Si1−xOx:H as a back reflector is promising for reducing long-wavelength losses in heterojunction solar cells.
Mathematics of Modeling, Migration and Inversion with Gaussian Beams (2008)

Gaussian beams are extensions of asymptotic ray theory to waves with complex traveltime. These waves have Gaussian decay orthogonal to a central ray. Solutions of wave problems are represented by integrals (sums) over a suite of Gaussian beams. This tends to produce representations that are smoother than those produced by symptotic ray theory, facilitating smoother modeling, migration and inversion output than what is produced by classical asymptotic ray theory.<br><br>Asymptotic ray theory is reviewed in the hierarchy of Cartesian coordinates, ray-centered coordinates, ray-centered coordinates with complex traveltimes (Gaussian beams!). Green’s functions and plane-wave modeling are described in each case, with the last requiring integrals over suites of Gaussian beams. Examples of Kirchhoff migration/inversion using Gaussian beam representations of Green’s functions are presented.
Cinnamomum cassia Essential Oil Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanin Production and Oxidative Stress in Murine B16 Melanoma Cells (2013)

Essential oils extracted from aromatic plants exhibit important biological activities and have become increasingly important for the development of aromatherapy for complementary and alternative medicine. The essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum cassia Presl (CC-EO) has various functional properties; however, little information is available regarding its anti-tyrosinase and anti-melanogenic activities. In this study, 16 compounds in the CC-EO have been identified; the major components of this oil are cis-2-methoxycinnamic acid (43.06%) and cinnamaldehyde (42.37%). CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde exhibited anti-tyrosinase activities; however, cis-2-methoxycinnamic acid did not demonstrate tyrosinase inhibitory activity. In murine B16 melanoma cells stimulated with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde not only reduced the melanin content and tyrosinase activity of the cells but also down-regulated tyrosinase expression without exhibiting cytotoxicity. Moreover, CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels and restored glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity in the α-MSH-stimulated B16 cells. These results demonstrate that CC-EO and its major component, cinnamaldehyde, possess potent anti-tyrosinase and anti-melanogenic activities that are coupled with antioxidant properties. Therefore, CC-EO may be a good source of skin-whitening agents and may have potential as an antioxidant in the future development of complementary and alternative medicine-based aromatherapy.
A Study on the Change of Structure and Balance of the Lease Market in Seoul: Focused on the Rise of Jeonse Price and the Change of Interests on the Monthly Rent (2013)

The upswing of housing Jeonse prices has recently long lasted in the Jeonse market of Korea, and the lease market structure has switched rapidly from the Jeonse structure to the monthly-rent one. In general, Jeonse is the institution that low-income brackets or common people use, and so the excessive rise of the Jeonse price may have an adverse effect on the residential stability of common people. And the structural change of the housing lease market from Jeonse to monthly rent is an indispensable tendency but the monthly rent comes to reduce the disposable income of the tenant and derogate from the upward mobility of housing in a long-term period. Accordingly, the problem is that the structural change of the housing lease market has switched to the monthly rent structure with great rapidity. This study attempted to make a comparative analysis of the characteristic of the housing Jeonse and monthly rent markets in Seoul and that of other localities under this change of the market under consideration and analyze the balance between the housing Jeonse market and the monthly rent market. As a result, it was found that unlike localities, the rise of Jeonse prices in Seoul did not induce the sale price to rise any longer. And it was found that the rise of Jeonse prices would be inevitable for some time in the future for the balance between Jeonse and monthly rent markets to be achieved.
Residual Paralysis at the Time of Tracheal Extubation (2005)

Respiratory and pharyngeal muscle function are impaired during minimal neuromuscular blockade. Tracheal extubation in the presence of residual paresis may contribute to adverse respiratory events. In this investigation, we assessed the incidence and severity of residual neuromuscular block at the time of tracheal extubation. One-hundred-twenty patients presenting for gynecologic or general surgical procedures were enrolled. Neuromuscular blockade was maintained with rocuronium (visual train-of-four [TOF] count of 2) and all subjects were reversed with neostigmine at a TOF count of 2-4. TOF ratios were quantified using acceleromyography immediately before tracheal extubation, after clinicians had determined that complete neuromuscular recovery had occurred using standard clinical criteria (5-s head lift or hand grip, eye opening on command, acceptable negative inspiratory force or vital capacity breath values) and peripheral nerve stimulation (no evidence of fade with TOF or tetanic stimulation). TOF ratios were measured again on arrival to the postanesthesia care unit. Immediately before tracheal extubation, the mean TOF ratio was 0.67 +/- 0.2; among the 120 patients, 70 (58%) had a TOF ratio <0.7 and 105 (88%) had a TOF ratio <0.9. Significantly fewer patients had TOF ratios <0.7 (9 subjects, 8%) and <0.9 (38 subjects, 32%) in the postanesthesia care unit compared with the operating room (P < 0.001). Our results suggest that complete recovery from neuromuscular blockade is rarely present at the time of tracheal extubation.
[Polymerase chain reaction in diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with organ allotransplants]. (1998)

PCR can be applied in diagnosis of CMV infection in allotransplants recepients.
Structure and activity of a unique heparin-derived hexasaccharide. (1986)

A hexasaccharide representing a major sequence in porcine mucosal heparin has been enzymatically prepared from heparin. Its structure was determined by an integrated approach using chemical, enzymatic, and spectroscopic methods. Two-dimensional 1H homonuclear COSY, C-H correlation NMR, and selective irradiation were used to assign many of the NMR resonances. In addition, new techniques including sulfate determination by ion chromatography and Fourier transform IR and californium plasma desorption mass spectroscopy have been applied, resulting in an unambiguous structural assignment of delta IdoAp2S(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNp2S6S(1----4)-alpha-L-IdoAp++ +(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNA cp6S-(1----4)-beta-D-GlcAp(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNp2S3S6S (where delta IdoA represents 4-deoxy-alpha-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid, p represents pyranose, and GlcA and IdoA represent glucuronic and iduronic acid). This hexasaccharide contains a portion of the antithrombin III-binding site and has a Kd of 4 X 10(-5) M. Unlike other small heparin oligosaccharides, which are specific for coagulation factor Xa, it inhibits both factors IIa and Xa equally through antithrombin III. This hexasaccharide may have the unique capacity to act primarily through heparin cofactor II to inhibit thrombin (factor IIa) and shows over half of heparin's heparin cofactor II-mediated anti-factor IIa activity. These studies suggest the occurrence of contiguous binding sites on heparin for Xa, antithrombin III, and heparin cofactor II.
Privacy-enhanced public view for social graphs (2009)

We consider the problem of releasing a limited public view of a sensitive graph which reveals at least k edges per node. We are motivated by Facebook's public search listings, which expose user profiles to search engines along with a fixed number of each user's friends. If this public view is produced by uniform random sampling, an adversary can accurately approximate many sensitive features of the original graph, including the degree of individual nodes. We propose several schemes to produce public views which hide degree information. We demonstrate the practicality of our schemes using real data and show that it is possible to mitigate inference of degree while still providing useful public views.
Role of Human Mitochondrial Nfs1 in Cytosolic Iron-Sulfur Protein Biogenesis and Iron Regulation (2006)

The biogenesis of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins in eukaryotes is a complex process involving more than 20 components. So far, functional investigations have mainly been performed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we have analyzed the role of the human cysteine desulfurase Nfs1 (huNfs1), which serves as a sulfur donor in biogenesis. The protein is located predominantly in mitochondria, but small amounts are present in the cytosol/nucleus. huNfs1 was depleted efficiently in HeLa cells by a small interfering RNA (siRNA) approach, resulting in a drastic growth retardation and striking morphological changes of mitochondria. The activities of both mitochondrial and cytosolic Fe/S proteins were strongly impaired, demonstrating that huNfs1 performs an essential function in Fe/S protein biogenesis in human cells. Expression of murine Nfs1 (muNfs1) in huNfs1-depleted cells restored both growth and Fe/S protein activities to wild-type levels, indicating the specificity of the siRNA depletion approach. No complementation of the growth retardation was observed, when muNfs1 was synthesized without its mitochondrial presequence. This extramitochondrial muNfs1 did not support maintenance of Fe/S protein activities, neither in the cytosol nor in mitochondria. In conclusion, our study shows that the essential huNfs1 is required inside mitochondria for efficient maturation of cellular Fe/S proteins. The results have implications for the regulation of iron homeostasis by cytosolic iron regulatory protein 1.
Valproic Acid as a Potential Inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum Histone Deacetylase 1 (PfHDAC1): An in Silico Approach (2015)

A new Plasmodium falciparum histone deacetylase1 (PfHDAC1) homology model was built based on the highest sequence identity available template human histone deacetylase 2 structure. The generated model was carefully evaluated for stereochemical accuracy, folding correctness and overall structure quality. All evaluations were acceptable and consistent. Docking a group of hydroxamic acid histone deacetylase inhibitors and valproic acid has shown binding poses that agree well with inhibitor-bound histone deacetylase-solved structural interactions. Docking affinity dG scores were in agreement with available experimental binding affinities. Further, enzyme-ligand complex stability and reliability were investigated by running 5-nanosecond molecular dynamics simulations. Thorough analysis of the simulation trajectories has shown that enzyme-ligand complexes were stable during the simulation period. Interestingly, the calculated theoretical binding energies of the docked hydroxamic acid inhibitors have shown that the model can discriminate between strong and weaker inhibitors and agrees well with the experimental affinities reported in the literature. The model and the docking methodology can be used in screening virtual libraries for PfHDAC1 inhibitors, since the docking scores have ranked ligands in accordance with experimental binding affinities. Valproic acid calculated theoretical binding energy suggests that it may inhibit PfHDAC1.
Fast locality-sensitive hashing (2011)

Locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is a basic primitive in several large-scale data processing applications, including nearest-neighbor search, de-duplication, clustering, etc. In this paper we propose a new and simple method to speed up the widely-used Euclidean realization of LSH. At the heart of our method is a fast way to estimate the Euclidean distance between two d-dimensional vectors; this is achieved by the use of randomized Hadamard transforms in a non-linear setting. This decreases the running time of a (k, L)-parameterized LSH from O(dkL) to O(dlog d + kL). Our experiments show that using the new LSH in nearest-neighbor applications can improve their running times by significant amounts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first running time improvement to LSH that is both provable and practical.
Experimental diabetic diarrhea in rats. Intestinal mucosal denervation hypersensitivity and treatment with clonidine. (1986)

Diarrhea in streptozocin-induced chronically diabetic rats is caused by an impaired adrenergic regulation of intestinal fluid and electrolyte transport. Stimulation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors on enterocytes normally promotes NaCl absorption and inhibits HCO3 secretion. The purpose of this study was to determine if adrenergic denervation of intestinal mucosa in chronically diabetic rats alters postsynaptic receptor response, and if the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine could correct observed fluid malabsorption. Mucosal norepinephrine stores, a measure of adrenergic tone, were markedly reduced in diabetic rats compared with nondiabetic littermates. In vitro, short-circuit current changes to exogenously added l-epinephrine were significantly greater in diabetics, suggesting that denervation hypersensitivity was due to increased numbers of postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. In vivo loop studies demonstrated net fluid secretion in the ileum and colon of diabetics. In diabetics, clonidine reversed the secretion to absorption, but it had no effect on fluid absorption in controls. We conclude that diabetic diarrhea in streptozocin-induced chronically diabetic rats is due to impaired adrenergic regulation of mucosal ion transport, accompanied by a postsynaptic denervation hypersensitivity that can be reversed by clonidine, and accompanied by net intestinal fluid secretion that can be effectively reversed with clonidine.
Graphical features for aiding decision-making in production scheduling (1994)

This paper discusses the form of graphical objects for a &quot;hybrid &quot; human-computer scheduling system. The visual features of these objects represent the job attributes that a human scheduler may use in deciding how to allocate jobs to machines and to arrange the order of processing. KEYWORDS graphical user interface (GUI), decision support system (DSS), production scheduling.
Smartcards: portable security (2002)

Smartcards are one of the fastest growing market segments in the field of microelectronics, since they offer an easy way to implement secure transactions. In this paper we will consider the main characteristics of smartcards, with special regard to the ones used for secure transactions, and discuss the main market and technology trends.
Evaluation of the Effect of SCR NOx Control Technology on Mercury Speciation (2010)

(ICR) in 1999 to gather additional information on the control and emission of mercury from coal-fired power plants. The ICR data indicates that a significant, but highly variable, amount of mercury removal can occur across a power plant’s conventional air pollution control (APC) equipment used for the capture of particulate matter, nitrogen oxide (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. Such equipment includes electrostatic precipitators (ESP), fabric filters (FF), and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems. One of the more important operating variables that influence the degree of co-benefit mercury capture in these devices is the chemical speciation of the mercury in the flue gas. The mercury in coal-fired power plant combustion flue gas exists as elemental, oxidized, or particulate-bound species. Although elemental mercury is not readily captured, oxidized and particulate mercury can be effectively removed by conventional APC equipment. Recent testing has indicated that the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) devices used for the control of NOx emissions may further enhance mercury capture in existing pollution control equipment by oxidizing elemental mercury across the SCR catalyst. However, the degree of SCR mercury oxidation is quite variable and appears to be both coal- and catalyst-specific. Also
Memristive devices fabricated with silicon nanowire schottky barrier transistors (2010)

This paper reports on the memory and memristive effects of Schottky barrier field effect transistors (SBFET) with gate-all-around (GAA) configuration and Si nanowire (SiNW) channel. Similar behavior has also been investigated for SBFETs with poly-Si nanowire (poly-SiNW) channel in back-gate configuration. The memristive devices presented here have the potential of a very high integration density, and they are suitable for hybrid CMOS co-fabrication with a CMOS-compatible process. We show that 2 different regimes are possible, making these devices suitable either for volatile ambipolar memory or resistive random access memory (RRAM) applications. In addition, frequency- and amplitude- dependence of the memristive behavior are reported.
Preparation of (Ba<sub>x</sub>Sr<sub> 1-x</sub>)TiO<sub> 3</sub> Particles by Vapor-Phase Hydrolysis of Precursors Formed from Alkoxide-Hydroxide (1998)

Solutions of Ba and Sr hydroxides in methanol were allowed to react with Ti-isopropoxide under conditions of stirring at room temperature for 15 h, and then dried under reduced pressure at ≦40°C, to prepare the powder precursors of (Ba x Sr 1- x )TiO 3 . The powder precursors prepared thus were hydrolyzed by introducing nitrogen gas containing water vapor at 100°C. The hydrolyzed products were crystalline nanosize powders of (Ba x Sr 1- x )TiO 3 ( x =0.7) solid solution with a specific surface area of about 80 m 2 /g. (Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 )TiO 3 bodies sintered at 1275°C showed a relatively homogeneous microstructure with grain sizes of 0.3–0.6 µm and a relative density of 97%. They exhibited a dielectric constant of approximately 4000 and a tan δ of approximately 1% at room temperature.
Rapid determination of dipicolinic acid in the spores of Clostridium species by gas-liquid chromatography (1976)

A gas-liquid chromatographic procedure has been developed to quantitate dipicolinic acid in bacterial spores. The culture, washed from a plate, was hydrolyzed with acid containing the internal standard, pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylate, and then extracted into methyl isobutyl ketone. The internal standard and dipicolinic acid were then extracted into a small volume of trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide. Injection of the resultant quaternary ammonium salts into a gas chromatograph yielded, via thermal decomposition, the methyl ester derivatives of the dipicolinic acid and the internal standard. The amount of dipicolinic acid in the sample was determined from a standard curve. The method was sensitive to 100 ng of dipicolinic acid per sample and was 1,000 to 5,000 times more sensitive than the commonly used methods. Preparation of the sample required less than 1.5 h and less than 15 min of the analyst's time.