gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leaf senescence is delayed in maize expressing the <i>Agrobacterium IPT</i> gene under the control of a novel maize senescence‐enhanced promoter (2004)

We have genetically modified maize plants to delay leaf senescence. A senescence-enhanced promoter from maize (P(SEE1)) was used to drive expression of the Agrobacterium cytokinin biosynthesis gene IPT in senescing leaf tissue. Three maize lines expressing IPT from P(SEE1), Sg1, Sg2 and Sg3, were analysed in detail, representing mild, intermediate and extreme expression, respectively, of the delayed-senescence phenotype. Backcross populations segregating for the presence or absence of the P(SEE1Xba)IPTNOS transgene also simultaneously segregated for the senescence phenotype. At the time of ear leaf emergence, individuals of lines Sg1 and Sg2 segregating for the presence of the transgene carried about three fewer senescing leaves than control (transgene-minus) segregants, and IPT transcript levels were higher in leaves at incipient senescence than in young leaves. Leaves of transgenic Sg3 plants were significantly greener than controls and progressed directly from fully green to bleached and dead without an intervening yellowing phase. IPT transcript abundance in this line was not related to the initiation of senescence. Extended greenness was accompanied by a delay in the loss of photosynthetic capacity with leaf age. The delayed-senescence trait was associated with relatively minor changes in morphology and development. The phenotype was particularly emphasized in plants grown in low soil nitrogen. The reduced ability of the extreme transgenic line Sg3 to recycle internal nitrogen from senescing lower leaves accounted for significant chlorosis in emerging younger leaves when plants were grown in low nutrient conditions. This study demonstrates that the agronomically important delayed-senescence ('stay-green') trait can be engineered into a monocot crop, and is the first example outside Arabidopsis of senescence modification using a homologous senescence-enhanced promoter.
Cutting Edge: Mouse CD300f (CMRF-35–Like Molecule-1) Recognizes Outer Membrane-Exposed Phosphatidylserine and Can Promote Phagocytosis (2011)

Reportedly, CD300f negatively regulates interactions between dendritic and T cells and acts as an anti-inflammatory molecule in a multiple sclerosis mouse model. We found that a CD300f/Fc chimeric protein specifically binds to apoptotic/dead splenocytes and to apoptotic cells from starved or irradiated lymphocytic cell lines, an observation extended to insect cells. CD300f also binds PMA/ionomycin-activated splenocytes and Ag-stimulated T cells, an interaction inhibited by Annexin V. By ELISA, cosedimentation, and surface plasmon resonance using phospholipid-containing liposomes, we show that CD300f preferentially binds phosphatidylserine and requires a metal ion. Exogenous expression of CD300f in cell lines results in enhanced phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. We conclude that expression of CD300f conveys additional capacity to recognize phosphatidylserine to myeloid cells. The result of this recognition may vary with the overall qualitative and quantitative receptor content, as well as signaling capacity of the expressing effector cell, but enhanced phagocytosis is one measurable outcome.
Microstrip patch designs that do not excite surface waves (1993)

Two variations of a circular microstrip patch design are presented which excite very little surface wave power. Both of the designs are based on the principle that a ring of magnetic current in a substrate (which models the patches) will not excite the dominant TM/sub 0/ surface wave if the radius of the ring is a particular critical value. Numerical results for radiation efficiency and radiated field strength from a ring of magnetic current are shown to verify this basic design principle. The proposed patch designs are chosen to have a radius equal to this critical value, while maintaining resonance at the design frequency. The designs excite very little surface-wave power, and thus have smoother radiation patterns when mounted on finite-size ground planes, due to reduced surface-wave diffraction. They also have reduced mutual coupling, due to the reduced surface-wave excitation. Measured results for radiation patterns and field strength within the substrate are presented to verify the theoretical concepts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mitochondrial Calcium Deregulation in the Mechanism of Beta-Amyloid and Tau Pathology (2020)

Aggregation and deposition of β-amyloid and/or tau protein are the key neuropathological features in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies including frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The interaction between oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and the impairment of calcium ions (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) homeostasis induced by misfolded tau and β-amyloid plays an important role in the progressive neuronal loss occurring in specific areas of the brain. In addition to the control of bioenergetics and ROS production, mitochondria are fine regulators of the cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis that induce vital signalling mechanisms in excitable cells such as neurons. Impairment in the mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> uptake through the mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> uniporter (MCU) or release through the Na<sup>+</sup>/Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchanger may lead to mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload and opening of the permeability transition pore inducing neuronal death. Recent evidence suggests an important role for these mechanisms as the underlying causes for neuronal death in β-amyloid and tau pathology. The present review will focus on the mechanisms that lead to cytosolic and especially mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> disturbances occurring in AD and tau-induced FTD, and propose possible therapeutic interventions for these disorders.
Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal pathology: New threats of the old friend (2005)

The human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. It infects over 50% of the worlds' population, however, only a small subset of infected people experience H. pylori-associated illnesses. Associations with disease-specific factors remain enigmatic years after the genome sequences were deciphered. Infection with strains of Helicobacter pylori that carry the cytotoxin-associated antigen A (cagA) gene is associated with gastric carcinoma. Recent studies revealed mechanisms through which the cagA protein triggers oncopathogenic activities. Other candidate genes such as some members of the so-called plasticity region cluster are also implicated to be associated with carcinoma of stomach. Study of the evolution of polymorphisms and sequence variation in H. pylori populations on a global basis has provided a window into the history of human population migration and co-evolution of this pathogen with its host. Possible symbiotic relationships were debated since the discovery of this pathogen. The debate has been further intensified as some studies have posed the possibility that H. pylori infection may be beneficial in some humans. This assumption is based on increased incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's oesophagus and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus following H. pylori eradication in some countries. The contribution of comparative genomics to our understanding of the genome organisation and diversity of H. pylori and its pathophysiological importance to human healthcare is exemplified in this review.
Thermodynamics of the densification process for polymer glasses (1977)

A qua ntita tive d esc riptio n is g ive n for the dens ifi cati on process of glasses resulting from g lass [orma ti o n at ele vat ed pressures . Phe nome n olog ica l re lati ons a re de rived, or j us tifie d , whic h al low es tim ati on of th e de ns ifi calion rate K ' (with respect 10 formation pressure ) fro m variolls the rmodynami c q uantiti es a nd glass trans ition be hav ior. In addition, the estimatio n of K ' may be fac ilit a ted by the appl ic a ti on of the hol e theory of S imha and Somcyn s ky. Using these relations K' is estimated , and the results from the d ifferent me thods a re co mpared for data from 23 diffe re nt organi c poly me rs wi th g lass tra ns iti on te mpe ratures rang ing fro m 150 to 455 K. T he a mount of de ns ifi cati on appea rs to be limit ed by the appa re nt convergence o f the glass tempe rature a nd e ffective decompos ition tempe rature wi th in c reas ing pressure . Some estimates of limiting values are presente d. final ly, c hanges of refrac tive index resulting from de ns ification are estima ted from the observed, or predic ted , de nsific atio n ra tes.
Hydroxide absorption heat pumps with spray absorber (1996)

The absorber is one of the most expensive components of an absorption heat pump or chiller, respectively. In order to reduce the cost of a heat exchanger, much effort is invested into searching for additives for heat transfer enhancement. Another way to reduce heat exchanger cost, especially for machines with low capacities, is to use an adiabatic spray absorber. The basic principles of the spray absorber is to perform heat and mass transfer separated from each other in two different components. In this way the heat can be rejected effectively in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, whereas the mass transfer occurs subsequently in a simple vessel. The spray technique can not only save heat exchanger cost in conventional absorption systems working with water and lithium bromide, it also allows the use of quite different working fluids such as hydroxides, which have lower heat transfer coefficients in falling films. Moreover, the separated heat transfer can easily be performed in a liquid-to-air heat exchanger. Hence it is obvious to use hydroxides that allow for a high temperature lift for building an air-cooled chiller with spray absorber. In this presentation theoretical and experimental investigations of the spray absorber as well as the setup willmore » be described. Finally, possible applications will be outlined.« less
Preparation and Scope of a Remarkably Robust Primary Alcohol Protective Group (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Scope of a Remarkably Robust Primary Alcohol Protective GroupHyun-Sung Cho, Jurong Yu, and J. R. FalckCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 18, 8354–8355Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00097a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00097a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views403Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Chromium(III) hydrolysis constants and solubility of chromium(III) hydroxide (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromium(III) hydrolysis constants and solubility of chromium(III) hydroxideDhanpat Rai, Bruce M. Sass, and Dean A. MooreCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 3, 345–349Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00250a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3311Altmetric-Citations475LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (686 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Targeted delivery of immune therapeutics to lymph nodes prolongs cardiac allograft survival (2018)

The targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs to lymph nodes (LNs) provides an unprecedented opportunity to improve the outcomes of transplantation and immune-mediated diseases. The high endothelial venule is a specialized segment of LN vasculature that uniquely expresses peripheral node addressin (PNAd) molecules. PNAd is recognized by MECA79 mAb. We previously generated a MECA79 mAb-coated microparticle (MP) that carries tacrolimus. Although this MP trafficked to LNs, it demonstrated limited therapeutic efficacy in our transplant model. Here, we have synthesized a nanoparticle (NP) as a carrier of anti-CD3, and optimized the conjugation strategy to coat the NP surface with MECA79 mAb (MECA79-anti-CD3-NP) to enhance LN accumulation. As compared with nonconjugated NPs, a significantly higher quantity of MECA79-NPs accumulated in the draining lymph node (DLN). Many MECA79-NPs underwent internalization by T cells and dendritic cells within the LNs. Short-term treatment of murine cardiac allograft recipients with MECA79-anti-CD3-NP resulted in significantly prolonged allograft survival in comparison with the control groups. Prolonged graft survival following treatment with MECA79-anti-CD3-NP was characterized by a significant increase in intragraft and DLN Treg populations. Treg depletion abrogated the prolongation of heart allograft survival. We believe this targeted approach of drug delivery could redefine the methods of administering immune therapeutics in transplantation.
Discovery of<i>N</i>-(4-Fluoro-3-methoxybenzyl)-6-(2-(((2<i>S</i>,5<i>R</i>)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)methyl)-2<i>H</i>-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine-4-carboxamide. A Highly Selective and Orally Bioavailable Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Inhibitor for the Potential Treatment of Osteoarthritis (2015)

Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is a zinc-dependent protease responsible for the cleavage of type II collagen, the major structural protein of articular cartilage. Degradation of this cartilage matrix leads to the development of osteoarthritis. We previously have described highly potent and selective carboxylic acid containing MMP-13 inhibitors; however, nephrotoxicity in preclinical toxicology species precluded development. The accumulation of compound in the kidneys mediated by human organic anion transporter 3 (hOAT3) was hypothesized as a contributing factor for the finding. Herein we report our efforts to optimize the MMP-13 potency and pharmacokinetic properties of non-carboxylic acid leads resulting in the identification of compound 43a lacking the previously observed preclinical toxicology at comparable exposures.
Standardizing the 60-Second Hair Count (2008)

A properly performed 60-second hair count is a simple, practical, and reliable tool for the assessment of hair shedding.
Automatic 3D Face Modeling Using 2D Active Appearance Models (2005)

The mechanisms of the thermal reactions of the two iconic magnesium oxide cations MgO<sup>.+</sup> and Mg<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub><sup>.+</sup> with methane have been re-evaluated at the CCSD(T)/CBS//CCSD/def2-TZVP level of theory. For the reaction of MgO<sup>.+</sup> with CH<sub>4</sub> , only the classical hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) was found; in contrast, for the Mg<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub><sup>.+</sup> /CH<sub>4</sub> couple, both HAT and proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) exist as mechanistic variants. In order to evaluate the suitability of density functional theory (DFT) methods, the reactions were computed by using 27 density functionals. The results obtained demonstrate that the various DFT methods often deliver rather different results for both geometric and energetic features. As to the prediction of the apparent barriers, pure functionals give the largest mean absolute errors. BMK, ωB97XD, and the double-hybrid functional mPW2PLYP were confirmed to come closest to the results provided by CCSD(T)/CBS. Thus, mechanistic conclusions based on a single DFT method should be viewed with great caution. In summary, this study may assist in the selection of a suitable quantum chemical method to unravel the mechanistic details of C-H bond activation by charged metal oxides.
Conformational and Functional Properties of an Undecapeptide Epitope Fused with the C-Terminal End of the Maltose Binding Protein (1997)

Monoclonal antibody mAb164 is directed against the TrpB2 subunit of the Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase. It recognizes the synthetic peptide P11, constituted of residues 273-283 of TrpB, with high affinity. We constructed a hybrid protein in which the C-terminal end of protein MalE was linked with the N-terminal end of P11. Hybrid MalE-P11 was produced in E. coli from a plasmidic gene and purified in one step as MalE. MalE-P11 and the isolated P11 had identical conformational and functional properties according to the following criteria. The NMR spectra of MalE and MalE-P11 in TOCSY experiments showed that the P11 moiety of MalE-P11 moved independently from its MalE moiety. The chemical shifts of the protons for the P11 moiety of MalE-P11 and for the isolated P11 were very close and did not show significant deviations from random coil values. The equilibrium constant of dissociation (KD) from mAb164, measured by a competition ELISA, was identical for MalE-P11 and the isolated P11, around 6 nM. The change of the C-terminal residue of MalE-P11 from Lys into Ala increased 37-fold this dissociation constant. This increase showed that the P11 moiety of MalE-P11 was not degraded. The high molecular mass of MalE-P11 allowed us to follow its kinetics of interaction with immobilized mAb164 by surface plasmon resonance, using the BIAcore apparatus. The rates of association with mAb164 were similar for MalE-P11 and TrpB2, but the dissociation was faster for MalE-P11 than for TrpB2, as previously observed for the isolated P11 by a fluorometric method. Thus, the fusion of peptides with the C-terminal end of MalE could constitute an alternative to chemical synthesis for the study of their recognition by receptors, in vivo or in vitro.
Prospective Observational Study of the Impact of VIM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase on the Outcome of Patients with <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Bloodstream Infections (2009)

VIM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (VPKP) is an emerging pathogen. A prospective observational study was conducted to evaluate the importance of VIM production on outcome of patients with K. pneumoniae bloodstream infections (BSIs). Consecutive patients with K. pneumoniae BSIs were identified and followed up until patient discharge or death. A total of 162 patients were included in the analysis; 67 (41.4%) were infected with VPKP, and 95 were infected with non-VPKP. Fourteen of the patients infected with VPKP were carbapenem resistant (Carb(r)) (MIC > 4 mug/ml), whereas none of the non-VPKP exhibited carbapenem resistance. The patients infected with a Carb(r) organism were more likely (odds ratio, 4.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 12.85; P = 0.02) to receive inappropriate empirical therapy. The all-cause 14-day mortality rates were 15.8% (15 of 95) for patients infected with VIM-negative organisms, 18.9% (10 of 53) for those infected with VIM-positive carbapenem-susceptible organisms, and 42.9% (6 of 14) for those infected with VIM-positive Carb(r) organisms (P = 0.044). In Cox regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.06; P = 0.021), rapidly fatal underlying disease (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.26 to 6.39; P = 0.012), and carbapenem resistance (HR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.08 to 7.41; P = 0.035) were independent predictors of death. After adjustment for inappropriate empirical or definitive therapy, the effect of carbapenem resistance on outcome was reduced to a level of nonsignificance. In patients with K. pneumoniae BSIs, carbapenem resistance, advanced, age, and severity of underlying disease were independent predictors of outcome, whereas VIM production had no effect on mortality. The higher mortality associated with carbapenem resistance was probably mediated by the failure to provide effective therapy.
Object storage hierarchy management (1990)

The Object Access Method (OAM) component of MVS/Data Facility Product is responsible for the storage, retrieval, and management of objects in IBM MVS/ESA™ ImagePlus™ systems and in other applications. The OAM Storage Management Component is the subcomponent of OAM that provides storage management for objects stored within an object storage hierarchy. Storage management is a cyclic procedure which assures that data are stored in conformity to a policy defined by the data processing storage administrator. During a storage management cycle, the OAM Storage Management Component (OSMC) selects objects for processing based on requirements for backup, expiration, or service level changes. This paper describes the concepts of object storage management using a storage hierarchy that contains DASD and optical disk storage.
The effects of chemotherapy and long-term gonadotrophin suppression on the ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with breast cancer (2006)

These data confirm the value of AMH concentration as an early indicator of ovarian ageing including assessment of chemotherapy-induced ovarian follicle loss. FSH and AMH concentration measurements may be useful for the comparison of ovarian toxicity of different chemotherapy regimens.