gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Colorimetric Determination of Low Concentrations of Dissolved Oxygen in Water (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Determination of Low Concentrations of Dissolved Oxygen in WaterL. S. Buchoff, N. M Ingber, and J. H. BradyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1955, 27, 9, 1401–1404Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60105a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60105a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views279Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vitamin K and Bone Metabolism. (1996)

最近, γ-カルボキシラーゼの補助因子であるビタミンKが骨代謝を調節していることを示唆する論文が, 多数報告されている。ビタミンK2, そのうちイソプレン側鎖4個を持つメナキノン4は, 骨吸収抑制作用と石灰化促進作用の二つの作用を有すが, ビタミンK1は石灰化促進作用のみである。骨代謝における二つの重要な作用を持つメナキノン4は, 最近新しい骨粗鬆症治療薬として開発された。本総説では, これまで明らかにされたビタミンKの骨代謝におけるメカニズムを述べるとともに, 骨代謝以外でのビタミンKの作用にも言及する。
The effects of raloxifene on tibia histomorphometry in ovariectomized rats (1994)

Tissue-specific estrogen agonists may be useful in protecting against osteoporosis and the increased risk of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women with minimal undesired effects on reproductive tissues. The actions of the mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist raloxifene on selected estrogen target tissues were determined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats immediately postovariectomy. Five groups of 75-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were studied; baseline controls, sham-operated controls, OVX controls, OVX animals treated with estrogen (0.1 mg 17 alpha-ethynyl estradiol/kg.day), and OVX animals treated with raloxifene (3 mg/kg.day). Fluorochrome labels were given on days 1, 28, and 34. The baseline controls were killed on day 2, and the remaining groups on day 35. Ovariectomy increased tibial longitudinal growth rate as well as measurements related to radial growth and cancellous bone turnover. Ovariectomy decreased cancellous bone area and uterine weight, and increased serum cholesterol, bone elongation, and radial bone growth. Estrogen treatment prevented these changes in OVX rats. Raloxifene prevented cancellous osteopenia as well as the changes in radial bone growth, bone resorption, and blood cholesterol, but was less effective in reducing cancellous bone formation and did not prevent uterine atrophy. These findings suggest that raloxifene is a target-specific, mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist. At the concentration studied, raloxifene had potent estrogenic activity on bone resorption and serum cholesterol, a lesser effect on bone formation, and minimal activity on uterine wet weight.
Scheme of intelligent community based on distributed generation and micro-grid (2010)

The paper presents scheme of intelligent community based on distributed generation and micro-grid. It includes six parts: distributed generation, storage device, charge-discharge device of EV, micro-grid control and energy management system, interactive power consumption management, smart home system. Scheme of intelligent community in this paper has been realized in displayed project of intelligent community in china.
[Low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma and helicobacter heilmannii (Gastrospirillum hominis]. (1998)

We report the fourth case of low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma associated to Helicobacter heilmannii. This spiral organism may be present in the gastric mucosa of animals where it is non pathogenic while, in humans, its presence is always associated with chronic gastritis. In this case, Helicobacter heilmannii was observed in the absence of Helicobacter pylori. Regression of endoscopic and histological lesions after Helicobacter heilmannii eradication suggests its role in gastric lymphoma. This observation underlines the need for searching for Helicobacter heilmannii by careful histological examination, in the absence of Helicobacter pylori, and the importance of its eradication in the treatment of gastric lymphoma.
Assessment of the Effect of High or Low Protein Diet on the Human Urine Metabolome as Measured by NMR (2012)

The objective of this study was to identify urinary metabolite profiles that discriminate between high and low intake of dietary protein during a dietary intervention. Seventy-seven overweight, non-diabetic subjects followed an 8-week low-calorie diet (LCD) and were then randomly assigned to a high (HP) or low (LP) protein diet for 6 months. Twenty-four hours urine samples were collected at baseline (prior to the 8-week LCD) and after dietary intervention; at months 1, 3 and 6, respectively. Metabolite profiling was performed by (1)H NMR and chemometrics. Using partial least squares regression (PLS), it was possible to develop excellent prediction models for urinary nitrogen (root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) = 1.63 mmol/L; r = 0.89) and urinary creatinine (RMSECV = 0.66 mmol/L; r = 0.98). The obtained high correlations firmly establish the validity of the metabolomic approach since urinary nitrogen is a well established biomarker for daily protein consumption. The models showed that trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is correlated to urinary nitrogen. Furthermore, urinary creatine was found to be increased by the HP diet whereas citric acid was increased by the LP diet. Despite large variations in individual dietary intake, differentiated metabolite profiles were observed at the dietary group-level.
Investigations into solar powered diffusion-absorption cooling machines (2005)

Solar thermal driven or assisted absorption cooling machines are gaining\nincreasing importance due to the continually growing demand for airconditioning\nin domestic housing as well as office and hotel buildings. Presently\nthere are no thermally driven absorption cooling machines available on the\nmarket that can provide a smaller cooling capacity than 10kW for cooling\nbuildings.\nFor this reason, two single-effect solar heated ammonia/water (NHJlH20)\nDiffusion-Absorption Cooling Machines (DACM) with a design cooling capacity\nof 2.SkW at evaporator temperatures between -10°C and +soC were designed,\nbuilt and operated. The indirectly heated, solar powered generator (bubble\npump) is the main new feature of this cooling machine. Data acquisition was\nconducted under laboratory conditions as well as under simulated field\nconditions for vacuum-tube collectors. The first pilot plant showed that\ncoefficient of performance values (COP) range from 0.1 to 0.2 and the\nevaporator cooling capacity of the pilot plant could reach 1.SkW, but that the\noperation stability was insufficient. The second optimised and compacted pilot\nplant showed stable and continuous temperature and pressure levels. The\nreached COPs were between 0.2 and O.S and the continuous cooling\nperformance between 1.0kW and 1.6kW. A maximum cooling performance of\n2.0kW could be reached if the evaporator temperature was set to the relatively\nhigh value of 2SoC.\nThe Diffusion-Absorption Cycle has been modelled using the constant\ncharacteristic equation of sorption chillers. An expanded, steady-state model\nwhich includes additional specific components of the DACM was developed\nbased on the exact solution of the internal mass and energy balances of each\ncomponent as well as the heat transfer between external and internal\ntemperature levels. The internal enthalpies are calculated at each time interval\nusing the simulation environment INSEL. The compared experimental and\nsimulated data showed a good accordance.
Reagent design and study of 1,4-dithiins as a promising class of reagents (synthons) for cycloaddition. Diels-Alder reactions with anthracene derivatives via charge-transfer complexes (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReagent design and study of 1,4-dithiins as a promising class of reagents (synthons) for cycloaddition. Diels-Alder reactions with anthracene derivatives via charge-transfer complexesKenji Hayakawa, Nobuko Mibu, Eiji Osawa, and Ken KanematsuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 25, 7136–7142Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00389a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views612Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (829 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An improved operating mode for a Si(Li) X-ray spectrometer (1990)

A novel technique has been developed for restoring the charge to the feedback capacitor in charge-sensitive preamplifiers. the method, transient-reset, was developed for use in very-low-noise Si(Li) X-ray spectrometers. It has proved valuable as a diagnostic tool for evaluating the noise components of the input circuit in these systems. The technique is described and compared with the pulsed-light and transistor-reset methods. To complement the charge restoration technique, a new configuration of Si(Li) X-ray detector with a very thin aluminum entrance window has been developed. Measurements of the effective window thickness are compared with similar results obtained on gold, nickel, and ion-implanted boron contacts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Integrated slot line antenna with SIS mixer for focal plane imaging applications. (1987)

Recently, the possibility of constructing millimeter wave imaging array receivers for use in radio astronomy has excited much interest, In this paper, we present results obtained to date in efforts to design a prototype imaging receiver for operation at 100 GHz.
Soft tissue augmentation. A review. (1995)

With the understanding of the role of soft tissue augmentation in the overall treatment of the aging face as well as risk factors and ways to minimize the side effects, dermatologic surgeons can reach the goal of effectively treating patients with these materials.
Deep-subwavelength plasmonic mode converter with large size reduction for Si-wire waveguide (2016)

If we are to utilize deep-subwavelength plasmonic waveguides in photonic integrated circuit applications, highly efficient three-dimensional (3D) mode conversion must be achieved between deep-subwavelength plasmonic waveguides and conventional dielectric waveguides such as Si-wire waveguides. Here, we describe 3D mode conversion from a Si-wire waveguide (the core size is 400  nm×200  nm) to a plasmonic slot waveguide (the air core size is 50  nm×20  nm) with a coupling loss of 1.7 dB. Our mode converter has only a two-dimensional laterally tapered structure even with the presence of a large discontinuity in the thickness, and can still produce efficient full 3D mode conversion with a very short taper length (600 nm). Calculation results obtained with the finite element method agreed well with the experimental results. We believe our mode converter will provide a new deep-subwavelength photonic platform.
Protective effect of C1 esterase inhibitor on acute traumatic spinal cord injury in the rat (2008)

The results of this study provided the first evidence that C1-INH reduced accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMLs) and neuronal damage in acute stage after SCI. This protection was not related to an improvement in rSCBF.
Carbamoyl mycophenolic acid ethylester, an oral antitumor agent. (1976)

Several derivatives of mycophenolic acid (MA) were tested for their antitumor activity against leukemia L-1210 when administered orally and carbamoyl mycophenolic acid ethylester (CMAE) was selected as the most active antitumor agent in these tests. An oral administration of CMAE also inhibited the growth of Ehrlich solid carcinoma, NF sarcoma, myeloma X-5563 and sarcoma 180 in mice. In comparison with antitumor activity of MA, the improvement in activity of CMAE against leukemia L-1210 and Ehrlich solid carcinoma was indeed remarkable, CMAE seems to be less immunosuppressive than MA.
AIDS and tuberculosis. (1990)

The diagnostic and therapeutic implications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis in South Africa, where tuberculosis remains a major health problem, are reviewed. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a high-grade pathogen and is able to establish infection early in immunodeficiency. With HIV infection showing significant entry into the heterosexual population in the RSA, an increasing number of cases with both infections can be expected to occur. The radiological appearance in combined infection is variable, ranging from a formal cavitatory picture to the more common finding of diffuse pulmonary infiltration. Intrathoracic adenopathy is a more specific sign of tuberculosis in HIV infection, since it is not associated with persistent generalised lymphadenopathy and pulmonary opportunistic infections, such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Intercurrent pneumonic infections and other pulmonary manifestations of HIV disease render the interpretation of new infiltrates on chest radiography problematical. Tuberculin skin testing remains useful in HIV infection and should be performed in all HIV-infected patients. The value of tuberculosis serology still remains questionable. Standard antituberculosis drug regimens are effective, but maintenance treatment must be continued for life and should include isoniazid and rifampicin. BCG vaccination is recommended routinely at birth in infants with HIV infection and for asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals who have not previously been immunised.
Helicobacter pylori and dyspepsia. (2000)

It is clear that non-ulcer (or functional) dyspepsia is a heterogeneous syndrome that includes a subset of patients with unrecognized gastroesophageal reflux. Patient heterogeneity combined with inadequate study methodology has led to enormous confusion in interpreting the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and non-ulcer dyspepsia. The possibility that H. pylori is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease may explain, in part, the difficulty in establishing a link between non-ulcer dyspepsia and H. pylori infection. It is unclear whether the prevalence of H. pylori is increased in non-ulcer dyspepsia over and above the background population. H. pylori does not appear to be linked to heartburn or other specific upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms. The results of eradication trials in H. pylori-infected patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia have been equivocal and generally flawed. There is no doubt that H. pylori is not a sufficient cause of non-ulcer dyspepsia, because it is well documented in the literature that dyspepsia can occur in the absence of infection and infection can occur in the absence of symptoms. At this stage, there is insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis that H. pylori is etiologically linked to non-ulcer dyspepsia, but data from well designed large randomized controlled trials of eradication therapy, are awaited with great interest.
Yeast synthetic biology for high-value metabolites (2014)

Traditionally, high-value metabolites have been produced through direct extraction from natural biological sources which are inefficient, given the low abundance of these compounds. On the other hand, these high-value metabolites are usually difficult to be synthesized chemically, due to their complex structures. In the last few years, the discovery of genes involved in the synthetic pathways of these metabolites, combined with advances in synthetic biology tools, has allowed the construction of increasing numbers of yeast cell factories for production of these metabolites from renewable biomass. This review summarizes recent advances in synthetic biology in terms of the use of yeasts as microbial hosts for the identification of the pathways involved in the synthesis, as well as for the production of high-value metabolites.
Preeclampsia leads to dysregulation of various signaling pathways in placenta (2011)

Genome-wide expression profiles of preeclampsia showed heterogeneous characteristics of preeclampsia at the molecular levels. Dysregulation of genes and biological pathways could contribute to abnormal behavior of preeclmapsia. Our results will help further understand underlying mechanisms by which preeclampsia affects placental physiology.
A new nonnegative matrix factorization for independent component analysis (2010)

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is known as a parts-based linear representation for nonnegative data. This method has been applied for blind source separation (BSS) when the sources are nonnegative. This paper presents a new NMF method for independent component analysis (ICA), which is useful for BSS without the nonnegativity constraint. Using this method, we transform the sources by their cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) and perform the nonparametric quantization to construct a nonnegative matrix where each entry represents the joint probability density of two transformed signals. The NMF procedure is accordingly realized to find the ICA demixing matrix. The independence between sources is maximized towards attaining the uniformity in the joint probability density. In the experiments on the separation of signal and music signals, we show the effectiveness of the proposed NMF-ICA compared to the infomax ICA and FastICA algorithms.
The effect of suspended solids and naturally occurring dissolved organics in reducing the acute toxicities of cationic polyelectrolytes to aquatic organisms (1987)

Abstract Cationic polyelectrolytes comprise a large group of chemicals designed to react with and flocculate suspended solids. Their primary use is as water clarification aids in the removal of suspended solids from water supplies and from industrial and domestic effluents entering receiving waters. Many of these water-soluble macromolecules exhibit an acute toxicity to aquatic organisms of less than 1.0 mg/L. The interaction of residual amounts of these polymers in receiving waters is unclear. The effects of suspended solids (bentonite, illite, kaolin and silica) and of dissolved organic carbon compounds (humic, fulvic and tannic acids, lignin and lignosite) on the acute toxicities of four cationic water clarification aids to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and a cladoceran (Daphnia magna) were determined. Bentonite and all of the dissolved organic carbon compounds reduced the toxicities of the polymers by one to two orders of magnitude. The remaining suspended solids had a lesser effect in reducing toxicity.
Identification of serine and histidine adducts in complexes of trypsin and trypsinogen with peptide and nonpeptide boronic acid inhibitors by proton NMR spectroscopy (1992)

We have previously shown, in 15N NMR studies of the enzyme's active site histidine residue, that boronic acid inhibitors can form two distinct types of complexes with alpha-lytic protease. Inhibitors that are structural analogs of good alpha-lytic protease substrates form transition-state-like tetrahedral complexes with the active site serine whereas those that are not form complexes in which N epsilon 2 of the active site histidine is covalently bonded to the boron of the inhibitor. This study also demonstrated that the serine and histidine adduct complexes exhibit quite distinctive and characteristic low-field 1H NMR spectra [Bachovchin, W. W., Wong, W. Y. L., Farr-Jones, S., Shenvi, A. B., & Kettner, C. A. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 7689-7697]. Here we have used low-field 1H NMR diagnostically for a series of boronic acid inhibitor complexes of trypsin and trypsinogen. The results show that H-D-Val-Leu-boroArg and Ac-Gly-boroArg, analogs of good trypsin substrates, form transition-state-like serine adducts with trypsin, whereas the nonsubstrate analog inhibitors boric acid, methane boronic acid, butane boronic acid, and triethanolamine borate all form histidine adducts, thereby paralleling the previous results obtained with alpha-lytic protease. However, with trypsinogen, Ac-Gly-boroArg forms predominantly a histidine adduct while H-D-Val-Leu-boroArg forms both histidine and serine adducts, with the histidine adduct predominating below pH 8.0 and the serine adduct predominating above pH 8.0.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Induced pluripotent stem cells: Mechanisms, achievements and perspectives in farm animals (2015)

Pluripotent stem cells are unspecialized cells with unlimited self-renewal, and they can be triggered to differentiate into desired specialized cell types. These features provide the basis for an unlimited cell source for innovative cell therapies. Pluripotent cells also allow to study developmental pathways, and to employ them or their differentiated cell derivatives in pharmaceutical testing and biotechnological applications. Via blastocyst complementation, pluripotent cells are a favoured tool for the generation of genetically modified mice. The recently established technology to generate an induced pluripotency status by ectopic co-expression of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc allows to extending these applications to farm animal species, for which the derivation of genuine embryonic stem cells was not successful so far. Most induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated by retroviral or lentiviral transduction of reprogramming factors. Multiple viral integrations into the genome may cause insertional mutagenesis and may increase the risk of tumour formation. Non-integration methods have been reported to overcome the safety concerns associated with retro and lentiviral-derived iPS cells, such as transient expression of the reprogramming factors using episomal plasmids, and direct delivery of reprogramming mRNAs or proteins. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of cellular reprogramming and current methods used to induce pluripotency. We also highlight problems associated with the generation of iPS cells. An increased understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying pluripotency and refining the methodology of iPS cell generation will have a profound impact on future development and application in regenerative medicine and reproductive biotechnology of farm animals.