gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Correlations Among Wood, Growth Capacity and Stem Traits in Pinus sylvestris (2000)

Wood density and tracheid length are two traits that significantly affect wood products. Genetic correlations were estimated to evaluate the effect on these traits from a selection for traits included in the Swedish Pinus sylvestris L. breeding programme. Measurements from a non-contiguous single-tree plot progeny trial with controlled matings between 30 parent trees was used. Heritabilities were high for the wood traits, intermediate for the growth capacity traits and low for the stem traits, with the exception of branch angle. Wood density showed no or non-significant negative genetic correlations with the growth capacity traits and a positive correlation with relative branch diameter. Tracheid length showed positive genetic correlations with height and a positive correlation with relative branch diameter. A selection that increased height growth at the age of 13 yrs by 10% was expected to decrease mean wood density at 33 yrs by 1%. The expected correlated response to tracheid length from the same selection was a 3% increase in the juvenile and mature wood.
Preventing Scale Deposition in Oil Production Facilities: An Industry Review (1998)

Abstract This report will present a review of current research in the field of scale control. The report will give special emphasis to the areas of scale inhibition, scale squeeze treatments, predicting scale deposition and removing scale deposits. Recent developments that are of particular to the oil industry are discussed together with some case histories designed to illustrate the application of good scale control practices. Those technological advances that can offer the most value-added benefits for oil producers and oilfield chemical supply companies will be highlighted. Finally, the review will suggest areas of technology that can benefit from further research and development.
Three-dimensional mise-a-la-masse modeling applied to mapping fracture zones (1986)

Abstract A numerical scheme applying the method of volume integral equations has been developed for borehole-to-borehole and borehole-to-surface modeling of the apparent resistivity response of a thin conductive body in a half-space; the inhomogeneity simulates a fracture zone in a geothermal system. The algorithm is applicable for the direct-current case when the buried electrode is either inside (mise-a-la-masse) or outside (near-miss) the body. In implementing the scheme, the integral equation is transformed into a matrix equation as a result of discretizing the inhomogeneity into rectangular cells. All physical properties are assumed constant within each cell. The rectangular cells are used throughout execution of the algorithm. The computed surface and subsurface apparent resistivity responses are examined for bodies of similar shape and size but with different orientations: (1) vertical, (2) horizontal, (3) dipping at 60 degrees, and (4) dipping at 30 degrees. The four bodies produce apparent resistivity cross-section plots which differ little from each other except in orientation. Varying the depth to the top of a body does not significantly alter the subsurface apparent resistivity response in the vicinity of the body. In both section and plan views, estimates of orientation, areal extent, and dip can often be made. The maximum depth at which a body can be located and still produce a detectable surface anomaly is dependent upon the position of the buried electrode and upon the contrast in conductivity. Locating the buried electrode just outside the body does not significantly alter the results from those when the electrode is embedded in the inhomogeneity. However, the similarity between the results of these two cases decreases as the distance between the electrode and the body is increased.
Polyspecific Cation Transporters Mediate Luminal Release of Acetylcholine from Bronchial Epithelium (2005)

In airway epithelia, non-neuronal cholinergic regulations have been described; however, the route for acetylcholine (ACh) release has not been verified. To investigate whether organic cation transporters (OCTs) serve this function, we studied the expression of OCTs in airway epithelia and their capability to translocate ACh. Using immunohistochemistry in rats and humans, OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 were localized to the luminal membrane of ciliated epithelial cells. In humans, OCT2 showed the strongest expression in the luminal membrane. We expressed the OCT isoforms in oocytes of Xenopus laevis and measured uptake and efflux of ACh. Tracer flux measurements showed that ACh is transported by OCT1 and OCT2 but not by OCT3. Two-electrode-voltage-clamp measurements revealed that OCT2 mediates electrogenic uptake and efflux of ACh. For ACh uptake by human OCT2, a K(M) value of approximately 0.15 mM was determined. At -50 mV, ACh efflux by human OCT2 was trans-inhibited by micromolar concentrations of the inhalational glucocorticoid budesonide, which is used in treatment of asthma (K(i) approximately 2.7 microM). The data show that OCT1 and OCT2 mediate luminal ACh release in human airways and suggest that ACh release is blocked after inhalation of budesonide.
Allergic rhinitis: evidence-based practice. (2010)

Allergic rhinitis is a common condition in Singapore, with a considerable disease burden. This article reviews the latest evidence-based concepts and current understanding of the disease, including its aetiology, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms, investigations as well as management. Particular attention is given to reviewing principles that will aid the management of this disease from a practical point of view, and the latest evidence for the various pharmacological options as well as immunotherapy is discussed. The article should be of interest to otolaryngologists as well as allergists, respiratory physicians and family practitioners.
On the Mini-SHPB Device Based on Multi-Level Electromagnetic Emissions (2013)

Taking into account of the importance and testing difficulty for dynamic mechanical property of miniature specimen and from the needs of material dynamic test at high strain rate,a miniature split-Hopkinson pressure bar(Mini-SHPB)device was self-developed based on multi-level electromagnetic emission technique.It consists of a miniature SHPB system and a multi-level electromagnetic emission system.According to the electromagnetic pulse emission principle,a magnetoresistive multi-layer coil emission system was designed,which provides driving for strike bar of miniature SHPB system.Composition and principle of two systems are described in detail in this paper.Self-developed Mini-SHPB device has a compact structure.Impact compression test for 2024 aluminum alloy(strain rate insensitive material)was performed to verify the reliability of Mini-SHPB device.
Photosensitized Generation of Singlet Oxygen (2006)

This work gives an overview of what is currently known about the mechanisms of the photosensitized production of singlet oxygen. Quenching of pi pi* excited triplet states by O2 proceeds via internal conversion of excited encounter complexes and exciplexes of sensitizer and O2. Both deactivation channels lead with different efficiencies to singlet oxygen generation. The balance between the deactivation channels depends on the triplet-state energy and oxidation potential of the sensitizer, and on the solvent polarity. A model has been developed that reproduces rate constants and efficiencies of the competing processes quantitatively. Sensitization by excited singlet states is much more complex and hence only qualitative rules could be elaborated, despite serious efforts of many groups. However, the most important deactivation paths of fluorescence quenching by O2 are again directed by excess energies and charge-transfer interactions similar to triplet-state quenching by O2. Finally, two recent developments in photosensitization of singlet oxygen are reviewed: Two-photon sensitizers with particular application potential for photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging of biological samples and singlet oxygen sensitization by nanocrystalline porous silicon, a material with very different photophysics compared to molecular sensitizers.
Randomized, Phase III Trial of Panitumumab With Infusional Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) Versus FOLFOX4 Alone As First-Line Treatment in Patients With Previously Untreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The PRIME Study (2010)

This study demonstrated that panitumumab-FOLFOX4 was well tolerated and significantly improved PFS in patients with WT KRAS tumors and underscores the importance of KRAS testing for patients with mCRC.
Novel dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the first exon of the STAT‐6 gene is associated with allergic diseases (2001)

This suggests that genetic variation in the STAT-6 gene may be associated with predisposition to allergic diseases.
O-Glycosylation of glycine-serine linkers in recombinant Fc-fusion proteins (2014)

A xylose-based glycosaminoglycan (GAG) core was recently identified at a Ser residue in the linker sequence of a recombinant Fc fusion protein. The linker sequence, G-S-G-G-G-G, and an upstream acidic residue were serving as a substrate for O-xylosyltransferase, resulting in a major glycan composed of Xyl-Gal-Gal-GlcA and other minor intermediates. In this paper, a portion of an unrelated protein was fused to the C-terminus of an IgG Fc domain using the common (G4S) 4 linker repeat. This linker resulted in a heterogenous population of xylose-based glycans all containing at least a core Xyl. Commonly observed glycan structures include GAG-related di-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-saccharides (e.g., Xyl-Gal, Xyl-Gal-Gal, Xyl-Gal-Gal-GlcA, and Xyl-Gal-Gal-GlcA-HexNAc), as well as Xyl-Gal-Neu5Ac. Following alkaline phosphatase or sialidase treatment combined with CID fragmentation, low-level glycans with a mass addition of 79.9 Da were confirmed to be a result of phosphorylated xylose. A minute quantity of phosphorylated GAG pentasaccharides may also be sulfated (also 79.9 Da), possibly at the HexNAc moiety due to non-reactivity to alkaline phosphatase. The xylose moiety may be randomly incorporated in one of the three G-S-G sequence motifs; and the linker peptide shows evidence for multiple additions of xylose at very low levels.
Inhibition of Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens by the Orphaned Drug Auranofin (2016)

This work provides extensive additional data on the antibacterial effects of auranofin that includes both reference and clinical isolates and reports a novel inhibition of fungal pathogens by this compound.
Synthesis and Biophysical Characterization of RNAs Containing (<i>R</i>)- and (<i>S</i>)-5′-<i>C</i>-Aminopropyl-2′-<i>O</i>-methyluridines (2019)

We designed and synthesized ( R)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyluridine and ( S)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyluridine, which are applicable to small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). We have evaluated the properties of siRNAs containing ( R)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyl and ( S)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyl modifications and have compared them to that of the 4'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyl modification. Although these modifications decreased the thermal stability of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and siRNAs, the dsRNA containing the ( S)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyl modification showed the highest melting temperature ( T<sub>m</sub>) among them. Silencing activity of the modified siRNAs was assessed by a dual luciferase reporter assay using HeLa cells. Incorporation of the ( R)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyl and ( S)-5'- C-aminopropyl-2'- O-methyl modifications on a passenger and guide strand was found to be tolerated for the silencing activity of siRNAs except for in the seed region on the guide strand. Furthermore, these modifications significantly increased the stability of single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) and siRNAs in a buffer containing bovine serum.
Robust methods in analysis of natural language data (2002)

The automated analysis of natural language data has become a central issue in the design of intelligent information systems. Processing unconstrained natural language data is still considered as an AI-hard task. However, various analysis techniques have been proposed to address specific aspects of natural language. In particular, recent interest has been focused on providing approximate analysis techniques, assuming that when perfect analysis is not possible, partial results may be still very useful.
Relation Graph Network for 3D Object Detection in Point Clouds (2019)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as a powerful strategy for most object detection tasks on 2D images. However, their power has not been fully realised for detecting 3D objects in point clouds directly without converting them to regular grids. Existing state-of-art 3D object detection methods aim to recognize 3D objects individually without exploiting their relationships during learning or inference. In this paper, we first propose a strategy that associates the predictions of direction vectors and pseudo geometric centers together leading to a win-win solution for 3D bounding box candidates regression. Secondly, we propose point attention pooling to extract uniform appearance features for each 3D object proposal, benefiting from the learned direction features, semantic features and spatial coordinates of the object points. Finally, the appearance features are used together with the position features to build 3D object-object relationship graphs for all proposals to model their co-existence. We explore the effect of relation graphs on proposals' appearance features enhancement under supervised and unsupervised settings. The proposed relation graph network consists of a 3D object proposal generation module and a 3D relation module, makes it an end-to-end trainable network for detecting 3D object in point clouds. Experiments on challenging benchmarks ( SunRGB-Dand ScanNet datasets ) of 3D point clouds show that our algorithm can perform better than the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Synthesis and antitumor activity of quaternary ellipticine glycosides, a series of novel and highly active antitumor agents (1988)

A series of ellipticine glycosides [2-N-glycosyl quaternary pyridinium salts of three ellipticines: ellipticine (1), 9-methoxyellipticine (2), and 9-hydroxyellipticine (4)] were stereoselectively synthesized in good yields by an improved condensation reaction between ellipticines [1, 2, and 9-acetoxyellipticine (3)] and protected (peracylated and perbenzylated) glycosyl halides with cadmium carbonate, followed by deprotection. These glycosides were preliminarily evaluated for their antitumor activity in the L1210 leukemia system. Twenty-six (53%) of the 49 glycosides tested were curative, and five [9-hydroxyellipticine L-arabinopyranoside (41b), D-lyxofuranoside (43a), L-lyxopyranoside (44b), D-xylofuranoside (49a), and L-rhamnopyranoside (56)] were selected for extended evaluation on the basis of their high levels of activity. The structure-activity relationships are discussed. The selected glycosides showed remarkable activity in six different murine tumor systems with excellent therapeutic ratios; their efficacy surpassed that of doxorubicin against three of these systems. On the basis of these results and ease of formulation, the two glycosides 41b (SUN4599) and 49a (SUN5073) were selected for further preclinical evaluation and possible clinical development.
Human Posterior Subcapsular Cataract (1978)

Fifteen human lenses with posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSC) were examined en bloc and in flat preparations of the posterior capsules. The PSCs were polygonal to stellate in shape, showing some correlation with the sutural pattern. Most PSCs had a thin, semiliquefied zone centrally. All lenses showed superficial epithelial cells migrating posteriorly from one or more sectors of the equator. In these sectors, the epithelial nuclei were enlarged, with complete disorganization of the postequatorial nuclear rows. The migrating cells were stellate, layered, and in the larger cataracts, were oriented in a ring configuration around the liquefied central portion of the PSC and bladder and other proliferative cells tended to accumulate around the ring area. Control cataractous and aging lenses showed considerable irregularity of the postequatorial nuclear rows but only occasional migration toward the posterior pole.
Bacterial nitrification in chloraminated water supplies (1991)

Nitrifying bacteria were detected in 64% of samples collected from five chloraminated water supplies in South Australia and in 20.7% of samples that contained more than 5.0 mg of monochloramine per liter. Laboratory experiments confirmed that nitrifying bacteria are relatively resistant to the disinfectant. Increased numbers of the bacteria were associated with accelerated decays of monochloramine within distribution systems. The combination of increased concentrations of oxidized nitrogen with decreased total chlorine residuals can be used as a rapid indicator of bacterial nitrification.
Organophosphorus Insecticides for the Control of Pyrethroid-Resistant Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) (1988)

Journal Article Organophosphorus Insecticides for the Control of Pyrethroid-Resistant Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Get access Ronnie L. Byford, Ronnie L. Byford Department of Entomology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas C. Sparks, Thomas C. Sparks Department of Entomology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bruce Green, Bruce Green Department of Entomology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John Knox, John Knox Department of Entomology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wayne Wyatt Wayne Wyatt Department of Entomology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 81, Issue 6, 1 December 1988, Pages 1562–1566, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/81.6.1562 Published: 01 December 1988 Article history Received: 02 October 1987 Accepted: 11 May 1988 Published: 01 December 1988
Study on Electronic Throttle Control System for CNG Engine (2008)

The system composition of turbocharged single-fuel CNG engine based on the electronic pressure regulator was introduced.On the base of analyzing the structure and driving principle of electronic throttle,the electronic throttle control system based on the main chip of MC68376 was developed.Then the driving circuit of electronic throttle was designed with TLE6209.The PID controller based on fuzzy self-tuning parameters was designed,and the designed system was validated by the step response test and the tracking response test of electronic throttle and acceleration position on the CNG engine test bench.The results showed that the electronic throttle was able to be accurately,rapidly and closedly controlled with little error of steady state.
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF GASES: MODERN RESEARCH (1978)

Author Institution: Department of Physics, Fordham University 10458 Molecular Spectroscopy Group, National Bureau of Standards
hRESTS: An HTML Microformat for Describing RESTful Web Services (2008)

The Web 2.0 wave brings, among other aspects, the Programmable Web:increasing numbers of Web sites provide machine-oriented APIs and Web services. However, most APIs are only described with text in HTML documents. The lack of machine-readable API descriptions affects the feasibility of tool support for developers who use these services. We propose a microformat called hRESTS (HTML for RESTful Services) for machine-readable descriptions of Web APIs, backed by a simple service model. The hRESTS microformat describes main aspects of services, such as operations, inputs and outputs. We also present two extensions of hRESTS:SA-REST, which captures the facets of public APIs important for mashup developers, and MicroWSMO, which provides support for semantic automation.
L358P Mutation on Cytochrome P450cam Simulates Structural Changes upon Putidaredoxin Binding (2004)

To investigate the functional and structural characterization of a crucial cytochrome P450cam (P450cam)-putidaredoxin (Pdx) complex, we utilized a mutant whose spectroscopic property corresponds to the properties of the wild type P450cam in the presence of Pdx. The 1H NMR spectrum of the carbonmonoxy adduct of the mutant, the Leu-358 --> Pro mutant (L358P), in the absence of Pdx showed that the ring current-shifted signals arising from d-camphor were upfield-shifted and observed as resolved signals, which are typical for the wild type enzyme in the presence of Pdx. Signals from the beta-proton of the axial cysteine and the gamma-methyl group of Thr-252 were also shifted upfield and down-field, respectively, in the L358P mutant as observed for Pdx-bound wild type P450cam. The close similarity in the NMR spectra suggests that the heme environment of the L358P mutant mimics that of the Pdx-bound enzyme. The functional analysis of the L358P mutant has revealed that the oxygen adduct of the L358P mutant can promote the oxygenation reaction for d-camphor with nonphysiological electron donors such as dithionite and ascorbic acid, showing that oxygenated L358P is "activated" to receive electron from the donor. Based on the structural and functional characterization of the L358P mutant, we conclude that the Pdx-induced structural changes in P450cam would facilitate the electron transfer from the electron donor, and the Pdx binding to P450cam would be a trigger for the electron transfer to oxygenated P450cam.
A New Race of the Spotted Nightingale-Thrush from Oaxaca, Mexico (1965)

A New Race of the Spotted Nightingale-Thrush from Oaxaca, Mexico Get access Allan R. Phillips, Allan R. Phillips Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Warren Rook Warren Rook Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Condor, Volume 67, Issue 1, 1 January 1965, Pages 3–5, https://doi.org/10.2307/1365376 Published: 01 January 1965
Automatic Seismic Reflection Picking (1968)

Abstract A computational system is described that detects seismic reflections recorded digitally on magnetic tape, performs migration if desired, and plots the information in cross-section form. The detection or “picking” philosophy is based on the selection of the time positions of either all peaks or all troughs in the set of traces which constitutes the seismic section of interest. A lateral continuity search “correlates” these peaks or troughs across the traces in order to define reflection segments. All reflection segments which span at least three consecutive traces are stored in digital format on magnetic tape. They are given a grade which is the product of their spatial span and mean amplitude. A time-varying grading threshold is employed to limit the number of reflection segments which are output to an automatic plotter or carried for subsequent processing such as computer migration. Several examples of these automatically derived cross sections are shown and compared with the original variable-area record sections. This system is readily extended to multiline or grid data. Thus it is feasible to generate and display automatically three-dimensional interpretive aids such as isochrons and isopachs.