gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Biodegradable and Thermoresponsive Polymers Based on Amphiphilic Poly(asparagine) Derivatives (2007)

Abstract New biodegradable and thermoresponsive polymers based on amphiphilic poly(asparagine) derivatives have been developed. They showed a sol‐gel‐sol phase transition. In particular, not only a phase transition behavior but also a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was observed in the polymers with N,N ‐dimethylaminopropyl groups as the hydrophilic side chains. The LCST and a sol‐gel‐sol phase transition temperature could be precisely controlled by changing the composition ratio and kind of the hydrophobic and the hydrophilic groups of the side chains in the polymers. These polymers are expected to be applicable for controlled release of drugs, tissue engineering, and others.
A new technique for preparing monodisperse polymer particles. II. Phase separation mechanisms (1994)

Abstract Nylon 6 polymer particles with a narrow‐size distribution are made by phase separation of different concentrations of polymer solutions. At concentrations above 0.15 wt %, the diameter of the precipitated particles increases linearly with the increasing of polymer concentration. The experimental results suggest that coagulation plays an important role in particle growth during the propagation stage. A mechanism is proposed for the formation of monodisperse polymer particles during phase separation. The uniformity of the precipitated nylon 6 particles decreases when the cooling process is slowered. The surface morphologies of the nylon 6 particles are controlled by changing the drying conditions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Comment: State and Local Legislative Powers: An Analysis of the Conflict and Preemption Doctrines in Maryland (1979)

As local legislative powers expand, the demarcation between state and local legislative powers has become increasingly unclear. Purported inconsistencies between state and local laws have surfaced. This Comment analyzes the conflict and preemption doctrines in Maryland and synthesizes the general rules applicable to these doctrines. Concluding that the Court of Appeals of Maryland utilizes a rational approach in this area of municipal law, the author urges caution in employing implied preemption.
Shear Wave Imaging Using Phase Modulation Component of Harmonic Distortion in Continuous Shear Wave Excitation (2013)

An elasticity imaging method using continuous shear wave excitation (CSWE) is expected to be a safe and quantitative technique. A velocity map could be produced by propagating wave number spectrum analysis of a two-dimensional (2D) displacement map of shear wave propagation. However; the problems of accuracy and resolution have limited the reliability of this technique in medical diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a shear wave imaging system for reconstructing the spatial phase modulation component of shear wave propagation in order to obtain high-resolution images of continuous shear wave excitation. Shear wave local velocity, which is derived from the spatial differentation of the phase of complex displacement, is adopted as an imaging parameter. A fine texture-like pattern of the phase modulation component appears in the local velocity map, which gives precise information of small-amplitude phase modulation.
The Negotiator as Professional: Understanding the Competing Interests of a Representative Negotiator (2007)

This article is about lawyers as negotiators, and in particular, it is about identifying and understanding the influential and potentially competing interests that are - or at least should be - in the minds of lawyers (and potentially other third party representatives) during the overall negotiation process. While there continues to be an increasing amount of literature on the mechanics and strategies of negotiation, the underlying interests that are typically at stake in representative negotiations from the perspective of representatives - particularly negotiations involving lawyers - have not been adequately studied. Current accounts of the representative negotiator do not paint a full picture of what is typically going on inside the representative's mind, and as such, provide an impoverished view of his or her role, both in terms of its responsibilities and its potential opportunities. To address these deficiencies, this article advances an alternative, expansive model of the representative negotiator: the negotiator-as-professional model. It is a model that sees the role of the representative negotiator as being defined by at least four sets of interests: client interests, a broad understanding of the representative's self-interests (that may include, but are not limited to, interests vis-a-vis the representative negotiator's bargaining opposite), ethical interests and the public's interests.
Differences in sensitivity to hyperglycemic hypoxia of isolated rat sensory and motor nerve fibers (1992)

We explore whether the prevalence of sensory deficits in diabetic neuropathy can be explained by diffuse endoneurial hypoxia. Isolated ventral and dorsal rat spinal roots incubated in 2.5 or 25 mM extracellular glucose were transiently exposed to hypoxia (30 min) in a solution of low buffering power. Compound nerve action potentials and extracellular direct current potentials were continuously recorded before, during, and after hypoxia. In both ventral and dorsal roots incubated in 2.5 mM glucose, sensitivity to hypoxia and posthypoxic recovery were similar. In contrast, hypoxia in 25 mM glucose preferentially induced electrophysiological damage in dorsal roots as indicated by a lack of posthypoxic recovery. This observation was not made in the presence of 25 mM bicarbonate, which suggests involvement of nerve acidosis. In conclusion, the different sensitivity of sensory and motor fibers to hyperglycemic hypoxia supports the hypothesis that hypoxia has an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.
Implementing location independent invocation (2003)

A brief overview is presented of work on building a highly distributed office application based on mobile objects. The authors explain the techniques used to find the target of an invocation and describe how the technique is implemented. Location-independent invocation (LII) is presented as a conceptual service that is independent of any particular application, operating system, or programming language. LII completely removes remote call processing buildings from the view of application programmer. It is shown how LII can be implemented without language or system support in any environment that provides reliable interprocess communication. The indications for LII are studied, i.e. under what circumstances the proposed abstractions are beneficial. A description is given of an application domain in which LII is useful and the core services that support it. An object-finding algorithm is described. The relationship of LII to earlier work on object-finding and location independence is included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Integrated Ultra Wideband/Narrow Band Antenna in Uniplanar Configuration for Cognitive Radio Systems (2012)

A unique combination of wide and narrow band antenna, utilizing uniplanar nature of coplanar wave guide, for category-A cognitive radio systems is presented. It is demonstrated that, the space between two tapered slots, which forms an ultra-wideband configuration, (where the surface current concentration is relatively low) can be efficiently utilized to integrate a narrow-band antenna. The ultrawideband (UWB) and narrow band (NB) antenna provides a 2:1 VSWR bandwidth from 2.6 GHz to 11 GHz and 4.9 GHz to 6.2 GHz, respectively, with a reasonable isolation between them. The measured radiation pattern and gain are suitable for cognitive radio applications, where a wideband antenna is required for spectrum sensing and a narrow band antenna for operation. Moreover, the measured time domain characteristics demonstrate that, the antenna is also a potential candidate for medical imaging and weapon detection systems which are connected to the host through high speed WLAN.
About Vital Staining of the Eye and Eyelids. I. The Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology of the Eyelid Margins and the Lacrimal Puncta by E. Marx (2010)

This article is a translation of the original article authored by Eugen Marx and published in 1924.1 Amazingly, many of the issues addressed in the 1924 publication are now, >80 years later, of prime interest for both understanding the lid margin and ocular surface and thus for dry eye diagnosis and treatment. To assist the reader and possibly to provoke further contemplation on a particular section of the translation, we have inserted comments, identified throughout the text. All references, in their original format, have been included in this translation, except those referred to in a few paragraphs that were not readily understood in today's technical language and which were omitted. The first figure of the original article is not included in this translation because it was referred to in one of the few omitted paragraphs.
The multi-layer deflector for arrayed microcolumn using LTCC technology (2004)

The arrayed microcolumn structure called monolithic column module (MCM) has strong benefits affording high throughput for the next generation lithography'. However, this structure has inevitably not only many interconnection components, but also unwanted parasitic RC delay differences among wired electrodes. Recently, multi-layer Low Temperature CO-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology has drawn attention for many applications, due to its 3 dimensional integration capability, low resistance metallization and cost effectiveness as well as its capability of multi-layer circuit integration which enables functional circuits within the block'. A Multi-layer LTCC system is made by laminating together green (unfired) sheet containing printed interconnections and components defined with low loss conductor metal such as silver(Ag), and then by firing the structure to form a rigid monolithic ceramic multilayer circuit especially with high conductivity and high circuit density3.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF WAX PRODUCTION IN PLANTS (1996)

The aerial surfaces of plants are covered with a wax layer that is primarily a waterproof barrier but that also provides protection against environmental stresses. The ubiquitous presence of cuticular wax is testimony to its essential function. Genetic and environmental factors influence wax quantity and composition, which suggests that it is an actively regulated process. The basic biochemistry of wax production has been elucidated over the past three decades; however, we still know very little about its regulation. This review presents a discussion along with new perspectives on the regulatory aspects of wax biosynthesis. Among the topics discussed are the partitioning of fatty acid precursors into wax biosynthesis and the elongation of fatty acids with particular emphasis on the nature of the acyl primer, and the role of ATP in fatty acid elongation. The recent cloning of wax biosynthetic genes and the transport of wax to plant surfaces are also discussed.
Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of Cadmium and Manganese Uptake Genes from <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (1999)

An Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) uptake gene, mntA, was cloned from Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 into Escherichia coli. Its expression conferred on E. coli cells increased Cd(2+) sensitivity as well as energy-dependent Cd(2+) uptake activity. Both transcription and translation of mntA were induced by Mn(2+) starvation in L. plantarum, as indicated by reverse transcriptase PCR and immunoblotting. Two Cd(2+) uptake systems have been identified in L. plantarum: one is a high-affinity Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) uptake system that is expressed in Mn(2+)-starved cells, and the other is a nonsaturable Cd(2+) uptake system that is expressed in Cd(2+)-sufficient cells (Z. Hao, H. R. Reiske, and D. B. Wilson, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:592-99, 1999). MntA was not detected in an Mn(2+)-dependent mutant of L. plantarum which had lost high-affinity Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) uptake activity. The results suggest that mntA is the gene encoding the high-affinity Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) transporter. On the basis of its predicted amino acid sequence, MntA belongs to the family of P-type cation-translocating ATPases. The topology and potential Mn(2+)- and Cd(2+)-binding sites of MntA are discussed. A second clone containing a low-affinity Cd(2+) transport system was also isolated.
Bioreactors in Tissue Engineering (2010)

Funding for the salaries of Sonia Partap and Niamh Plunkett was provided by Science Foundation Ireland (President of Ireland Young Researcher Award, 04/Yl1/B531) and the Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology (RS/2005/173) respectively.
NbF<sub>5</sub>–AlF<sub>3</sub> Catalysts: Design, Synthesis, and Application in Lactic Acid Synthesis from Cellulose (2015)

A series of niobium-modified aluminum hydroxide fluorides (denoted Nb@AlF3), prepared via a fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis was investigated for the catalytic one-pot conversion of cellulose to lactic acid. The structure of the new acid catalysts is the result of the dispersion of niobium fluoride in an aluminum hydroxide fluoride matrix. The calcination of the catalysts at a relatively low temperature (350 °C) stabilized this structure. Catalytic performances in terms of lactic acid yields are directly correlated with the niobium content.
Glass fiber dissolution in a physiological saline solution (1991)

A technique developed to measure the dissolution rate of glass fibers in the laboratory under conditions approximating those thought to exist in the lung has been applied to 30 glass compositions in the SiO<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CaO-MgO-BaO-Na<sub>2</sub>O system. Dissolution rates show an Arrhenius dependence on temperature with an activation energy near 64 kJ/mol. The rate increases with the pH value. Glass fiber dissolution is a leaching process which leaves behind a mechanically-weak layer consisting of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> . Dissolution morphology changes with dissolution rate, suggesting a change in dissolution mechanism. Dissolution rates vary with composition from 0.9 to 887 ng/(cm<sup>2</sup>h). Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> strongly decreases the dissolution rate, B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, BaO, CaO, MgO, and Na<sub>2</sub>O increase the rate to about the same degree, and SiO<sub>2</sub> has little effect.
Design and performance of a self-contained, fan-beam ADCP (1999)

Recent field studies have shown the utility of acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) with fan-shaped transducer beam patterns (narrow in azimuth and broad in elevation) for the measurement of oceanic surface currents. This paper describes the design and performance of a self-contained, fan-beam ADCP consisting of RD Instruments 300 kHz Broad-Band electronics mated to a specially designed transducer head, and intended for long-term deployment on conventional oceanographic moorings. The instrument operated successfully during two field deployments, providing horizontal profiles of near-surface velocity with precision of about 1 cm/s and resolution of about 5 m. Smearing of the sample volume due to tilt and heading variability was small. Profiles were obtained once per minute during 20 min "burst" samples each hour. The usable horizontal range varied with wind speed from about 120 m to 190 m. The range-mean velocity from the ADCP compared well with the velocity from a nearby current meter. Distinct convergence patterns indicative of Langmuir circulation were evident in the cross-wind velocity field during strong forcing events.
Strong Analgesics. Some 1-Substituted 4-Phenyl-4-Propionoxypiperidines (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStrong Analgesics. Some 1-Substituted 4-Phenyl-4-PropionoxypiperidinesPhilip M. Carabateas and Leonard. GrumbachCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1962, 5, 5, 913–919Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm01240a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jm01240a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Empirical estimation of Faraday rotation in some rare-earth iron garnets (1977)

From experimental data available for pure rare-earth iron garnets (RIG) an empirical method of estimating Faraday rotation (FR) in some mixed rare-earth iron garnets is proposed. First, the Fe3+ contribution to FR is extracted from YIG. From this value and from FR data available for several RIG, one is able to separate the contribution from different RE ions. Finally, FR in mixed rare-earth iron garnets is calculated using simple scaling and results compared with data available in the literature. The agreement obtained is quite encouraging.
Recent advances in the chemical imaging of human fingermarks (a review) (2016)

This review highlights the considerable advances in the chemical imaging of human fingermarks that provide more chemical information, including numerous endogenous and exogenous constituents. Despite remarkable development in DNA analysis and recognition, human fingermark analysis remains one of the priority approaches available for obtaining reliable forensic evidence. Additional information about the donor can be obtained from the chemical composition of latent fingermarks in addition to the ridge pattern, such as the age, gender, medical history, and possible drug habits. The analytical approaches reviewed here include spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, immuno-labelling and electrochemical methods. Each method has different capabilities with respect to sensitivity, reproducibility, selectivity, reliability and ultimately applicability, either for use in routine forensic practice or in academic research work. The advantages of spectroscopic techniques, including infrared, Raman and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, are the capabilities of a rapid and non-destructive imaging of fingermarks by providing spectral information on chemical composition. In addition, mass spectrometry imaging can provide spatially specific information on fingermark chemical composition. Recently, the use of immuno-labelling in latent fingermark detection has attracted significant attention because it can overcome the sensitivity and selectivity problems experienced with other existing methods. The electrochemical method has also been employed to image latent fingermarks by measuring the electric current changes with the spatial chemical composition from the ridges and valleys at high resolution to provide a third level of detail, which is especially useful for multicoloured background surfaces or for surfaces contaminated with blood or other bodily fluids.
Monitoring and Treatment Iron Overload in Thalassaemia (2013)

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (by-nc 3.0) which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited [...]
Understory characteristics related to site quality for aspen in Utah (1972)

An analysis has been made of the basic ecology of aspen forests of the mountainous areas of Utah and northern Arizona. Forty-nine study areas have been examined in respect to density, height and age of the tree cover, tree reproduction, and composition and biomass production of the understory. A graphic model of interspecific assocations among prevalent understory species has been prepared by a cluster-analysis procedure based on presence and absence of species in 1,225 small quadrats (0.25 m2) uniformly distributed among the 49 stands. The model separates species of relatively stable as opposed to rapidly seral aspen forests. It also tends to separate species known to respond differently to grazing. Gross environmental variables as well as soil profile characteristics were recorded at each site. Several soil characteristics were determined in the laboratory. Analyses were performed to determine which, if any, environmental variables differed significantly between sites stratified according to site-quality for aspen. Only the pH of the A1 horizon and aspect were found to be different. Site-quality was determined for 43 stands using natural site index curves. Average site index for these stands at 80 years of age was estimated to be 15.8 m (52 feet with a range of 30-75 feet). Understory species significantly associated with stands of high or low site-quality were identified by comparing quadrat frequency of 53 herbaceous species in groups of stands stratified according to site-quality. Fifteen species were found to be significantly associated (either positively or negatively) with site-quality. An index for predicting site-quality for aspen was devised using those species demonstrated to have indicator value. The degree of correspondence between natural site indices and the understory site indices for the 43 stands was evaluated by simple correlation. The correlation coefficient for the test was +0.70 (coefficient of determination, r2, of 0.49). Also, understory production had a significantly positive correlation with site-quality for aspen. Thus, sites having the best site-quality for aspen also produce the greatest amount of understory forage. Prospects are good that the index can be refined to yield more precise estimates.