gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antigenic and Immunogenic Study of Membrane-Proximal External Region-Grafted gp120 Antigens by a DNA Prime-Protein Boost Immunization Strategy (2007)

The membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp41 is a target of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 2F5, 4E10, and Z13. Here we engrafted the MPER into the V1/2 region of HIV-1 gp120 to investigate the ability of the engineered antigens to elicit virus-neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). To promote the correct folding and presentation of the helical 4E10 epitope, we flanked the epitope with helical domains and manipulated the helix by sequential deletion of residues preceding the epitope. Binding of the recombinant proteins to MAb 4E10 increased four- to fivefold with the deletion of one or two residues, but it returned to the wild-type level when three residues were deleted, suggesting rotation of the 4E10 epitope along the helix. Immunization of mice and rabbits by electroporation-mediated DNA priming and protein boosting with these constructs elicited high levels of gp120-specific antibodies. A consistent NAb response against the neutralization-resistant, homologous JR-FL virus was detected in rabbits but not in mice. Analysis of the neutralizing activity revealed that the NAbs do not target the MPER or the V1, V2, or V3 region. Through this study, we learned the following. (i) The 4E10 epitope can be manipulated using a "rotate-the-helix" strategy that alters the helix register. However, presentation of this epitope in the immunogenic V1/2 region did not render it immunogenic in mice or rabbits. (ii) DNA vaccination with monomeric gp120-based antigens can elicit a consistent NAb response against the homologous neutralization-resistant virus by targeting epitopes outside the V1, V2, and V3 regions.
Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate (1992)

The age-predicted maximal heart rate (PMHR) formula, 220--age, is frequently used for identifying exercise training intensity, as well as determining endpoints for submaximal exercise testing. This study was designed to identify variables discriminating those with actual maximal heart rates considerably above or below that predicted from the 220--age equation. Subjects included 2010 men and women ranging in age from 14 to 77 yr. Stepwise discriminant analysis was performed using maximal heart rate error groups as the dependent variable, and selected preexercise test characteristics as predictors. The HR error groups were based on the difference between the measured and PMHR as follows: below (> or = 15 beats.min-1 below PMHR), within (+/- 14 beats.min-1 of PMHR), and above (> or = 15 beats.min-1 above PMHR). A contrast of the below and above groups identified age, resting HR, body weight, and smoking status as predictors of group membership (P < 0.01) for both men and women. The overall canonical correlation was 0.282 and 0.294 for the men and women, respectively. Older age, higher resting HR, lower weight, and non-smoking were related to the above group, while the inverse was related to the below group. Standardized coefficients suggest that age and resting heart rate for the men, and age and smoking status for the women were the most potent variables for discriminating extreme deviations between measured and PMHR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF 1,4‐DISUBSTITUTED 2,6‐PIPERAZINEDIONES WITH CHLORANIL (1977)

Abstract Die 2,6‐Piperazindione (I) geben bei der Dehydrierung mit Chloranil (II) die Cycloaddukte (IV).
Manual and Colour Atlas of the Ocular Fundus (1970)

This volume, primarily by
Small peptides and nerve growth: Therapeutic implications (1987)

Abstract Studies of the effects of small peptides (<10,000 Da), i.e., fragments of naturally occurring hormones (e.g., adrenocorticotrophic hormones [ACTH]: α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone [α‐MSH]), hypophysiotrophic factors (e.g., growth hormone‐releasing hormone [GHRH], thyrotropin‐releasing hormone [TRH]), other growth factors, and synthetic compounds on peripheral and CNS neuronal regeneration and behavior have been reviewed and analyzed. It seems apparent that certain hormonal fragments, growth factors, and some synthetic compounds (e.g., the ACTH/α‐MSH analogue Org 2766) can enhance peripheral, and possibly CNS, nerve regeneration. Further study of newer peptide‐analogues with increased potency, longer duration of activity, and greater selectivity of action might lead to the development of therapies for certain types of nerve injury and for neurodegenerative disorders.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CHOLESTEROL IN THYROID DISEASE 1 (1950)

For objective evaluation of thyroid function it has long been necessary to employ indirect meth-ods, of which the most reliable has been the meas-urement of basal metabolism. Although this pro-cedure has proved a valuable aid to diagnosis, its applicability is limited by the fact that it demands cooperation on the part of the patient who is also required to be in a &quot;basal state, &quot; an ideal condi-tion that is not invariably attainable. Moreover, basal metabolism is not specific; variations of oxi-dation are not mediated through the thyroid gland alone. Other objective measures have therefore been sought. The discovery that serum cholesterol was elevated in myxedema and experimental hy-pothyroidism led to the clinical use of cholesterol measurements as a diagnostic aid. Although there proved to be a statistical inverse correlation between serum cholesterol and thyroid activity, in individual cases this relation as well as the correla-tion of cholesterol with basal metabolism were lost. It became evident that cholesterol was no more-probably less-specific than basal metab-olism. Development of precise methods for the meas-urement of the fraction of iodine precipitated from serum with the proteins, SPI, has provided a more nearly specific test for the functional activity of the thyroid gland. This particular fraction of the circulating iodine under ordinary circumstances appears to be composed chiefly of the thyroid hormone (1). In addition it has the advantage over other diagnostic criteria that it is not in-fluenced by subjective factors and other features that interfere with the conduct and interpretation of measurements of basal metabolism. It has per-mitted the detection of disorders of thyroid func-tion in patients who could not be tested by other objective procedures. In spite of these obvious superiorities, experience has proved that SPI is
Understand the Right (2005)

Right is the backbone of building the social civilization system. The key point to solve the right conflict is to seek harmonious balance point, while to observe the bottom line of right advantages is the one to dissolve the crisis between rights.
Chiral Reagents from Tartaric Acid—1‐Benzyloxy‐3,4‐epoxy‐2‐butanol, a Versatile Intermediate for the Synthesis of Enantiomers (1979)

As a “source of chirality”, tartaric acid has the advantages of ready accessibility in both enantiomeric forms and of reasonable price. The highly promising chiral epoxy alcohols (1) and (2) have been prepared from natural (R,R)-tartaric acid, and the mirror-image products from(S,S)-tartaric acid.
Titanium–silicon and silicon dioxide reactions controlled by low temperature rapid thermal annealing (1986)

Auger electron spectroscopy measurements coupled with sputter depth profiling demonstrate that titanium silicide forms between Ti and SiO2 at conventional annealing temperatures in UHV and that rapid thermal annealing at relatively low temperatures can enhance silicide formation at Ti–Si relative to Ti–SiO2 interfaces within the same thin film structure. Reactions and diffusion at these interfaces occur on a short time scale (seconds) at low temperatures (400–700 °C), yet resemble interactions obtained at multimicron thicknesses. UHV fabrication and analysis reveals that these reactions are sensitive to interface contamination and sputter-induced disorder.
A framework to provide integrated online documentation (2001)

As the variety of software users is increasing widely, online help systems are required to provide appropriate information for users. It means the help documents are suited to users' knowledge and the context in users' accesses. This paper addresses how online help systems can meet these requirements, and proposes a design framework called SOF Scenario-based Online help Framework).In SOF, we introduce our proposed scenario-based design of help documents. The scenario is a meta-model of the help document and contains information about the structure and behavior of the document. Therefore, the scenario-based design of help documents can achieve context-sensitive interaction between the system and a user depending on his/her knowledge level.This paper also demonstrates that SOF can be used to meet these demands placed upon online help systems, and includes a prototype system named Fit (Flexible Information Tailor). SOF makes it easy to develop adaptive online help systems.
LEON: multiple aLignment Evaluation Of Neighbours (2004)

Sequence alignments are fundamental to a wide range of applications, including database searching, functional residue identification and structure prediction techniques. These applications predict or propagate structural/functional/evolutionary information based on a presumed homology between the aligned sequences. If the initial hypothesis of homology is wrong, no subsequent application, however sophisticated, can be expected to yield accurate results. Here we present a novel method, LEON, to predict homology between proteins based on a multiple alignment of complete sequences (MACS). In MACS, weak signals from distantly related proteins can be considered in the overall context of the family. Intermediate sequences and the combination of individual weak matches are used to increase the significance of low-scoring regions. Residue composition is also taken into account by incorporation of several existing methods for the detection of compositionally biased sequence segments. The accuracy and reliability of the predictions is demonstrated in large-scale comparisons with structural and sequence family databases, where the specificity was shown to be >99% and the sensitivity was estimated to be approximately 76%. LEON can thus be used to reliably identify the complex relationships between large multidomain proteins and should be useful for automatic high-throughput genome annotations, 2D/3D structure predictions, protein-protein interaction predictions etc.
Biggest opportunity of our age (2016)

The importance of the agreement reached at the Paris climate Conference of Parties (COP21) last month cannot be overstated. It is a major step toward preventing some of the worst risks that climate change presents to the global economy and security. Now is the time to seize the opportunity that this moment represents. We must transform world economies away from fossil fuels toward a more sustainable low-carbon future.
Wearable sensor data fusion for remote health assessment and fall detection (2014)

In this paper, we present the system architecture and design flow for remote user physiological data and movement detection using wearable sensor data fusion. Our design utilizes an Android smartphone to integrate and process multiple body sensor data to enhance the reliability for remote health diagnosis. Various sensor data such as body temperature, current geographical location, electrocardiography, body posture and fall detection data are collected using concurrent Bluetooth connections to the Android smartphone. Our Android application software is designed to handle real-time analysis of collected sensor data to determine current user status, such as instant heart beat rate, body orientation and possible fall recognition. With the help of the Internet connection on the Android smartphone, the system communicates with a remote server and a designated contact person to log sensor data, and to notify authorized professionals in case of an emergency situation. Our system is highly valuable for remote and mobile patient monitoring and diagnosis. This design flow can be extended to condition assessments in various environments and it is not limited to body temperature, current geographical location, electrocardiography, body posture and fall detection.
Review: <i>Frontier Doctor</i>, by Samuel J. Crumbine (1949)

Book Review| May 01 1949 Review: Frontier Doctor, by Samuel J. Crumbine Frontier DoctorSamuel J. Crumbine George L. Anderson George L. Anderson Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (1949) 18 (2): 258–259. https://doi.org/10.2307/3634732 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation George L. Anderson; Review: Frontier Doctor, by Samuel J. Crumbine. Pacific Historical Review 1 May 1949; 18 (2): 258–259. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3634732 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentPacific Historical Review Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1949 The Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulates transcription of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene (1994)

Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, and is expressed specifically in neurons and neuroendocrine cells that release norepinephrine and epinephrine. In the present study, we used DBH-expressing human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)C and rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell lines to investigate the role of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in transcriptional regulation of the DBH gene. Coexpression of the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKAc) robustly stimulated the transcriptional activity of the DBH gene in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, coexpression of a specific inhibitor of PKA abrogated forskolin- and cAMP-mediated but not phorbol ester-mediated transcriptional induction of DBH. Deletion of the cAMP response element (CRE) dramatically reduced the stimulatory effect of PKA, indicating that the CRE mediates the induction of DBH by PKA. In DBH-nonexpressing HeLa and C6 glioma cell lines, coexpression of PKAc changed the transcriptional activity of the DBH promoter to a minimal degree, indicating that basal and PKA-mediated transcription of the DBH gene occur in a cell type-specific manner. Finally, both basal and cAMP-stimulated transcription of the DBH gene are diminished in three PKA-deficient PC12 cell lines, compared to wild-type cells. Based on these data, we conclude that PKA, via the CRE, plays an important role in basal and cAMP-inducible transcription, but is not required for phorbol ester-mediated induction, of the DBH gene in noradrenergic cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In Vitro Evolution of the Binding Specificity of Neocarzinostatin, an Enediyne-Binding Chromoprotein (2003)

Neocarzinostatin is the most studied member of the enediyne-chromoprotein family, and is clinically used as an antitumoral agent. Neocarzinostatin could be a promising drug delivery vehicle if new binding specificities could be conferred to its protein scaffold. We used in vitro evolution methods to demonstrate that this approach is feasible. We created large libraries containing between 1.7 x 10(8) and 1.4 x 10(9) independent clones, where up to 13 side chains pointing toward the binding crevice were randomly substituted. We then used phage display to select variants that bind to a model ligand (testosterone) which is unrelated to the natural ligand of neocarzinostatin. Several different binders were selected from each library. The corresponding proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and their affinities and specificities were characterized in detail. K(D) values of about 20 nM were obtained for streptavidin-bound testosterone. The K(D) of selected proteins for free soluble testosterone are between 7 and 55 microM and therefore higher than the K(D) for streptavidin-bound testosterone. The spacer and streptavidin used during selection contributed to the high affinity of the selected binders for the target. Binding studies of 15 different steroids related to testosterone allowed us to determine that C3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 on cycles A and B and the conjugated 3 oxo group of the steroid molecule were essential for molecular recognition. Other testosterone analogues substituted on C1, 2, 9, 11, 15, and 17 were not discriminated from testosterone. These results demonstrate that the binding specificity of this protein family can be extended to compounds that are completely unrelated to the natural enediyne chromophore family. This type of highly expressed, stable proteins with tailored binding properties have a wide potential range of applications.
IP multicast fault recovery in PIM over OSPF (2002)

Little attention has been given to understanding the fault recovery characteristics and performance tuning of native IP multicast networks. This paper focuses on the interactions of the component protocols to understand their behavior in network failure and recovery scenarios. We consider a multicast environment based on the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) routing protocol, the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. Analytical models are presented to describe the interplay of all of these protocols in various multicast channel recovery scenarios. Quantitative results for the recovery time of IP multicast channels are given as references for network configurations, and protocol development. Simulation models are developed using the OPNET simulation tool to measure the fault recovery time and the associated protocol control overhead, and study the influence of important protocol parameters. A testbed with five Cisco routers is configured with PIM, OSPF, and IGMP to measure the multicast channel failure and recovery times for a variety of different link and router failures. In general, the failure recovery is found to be lightweight in term of control overhead and recovery time. Failure recovery time in a WAN is found to be dominated by the unicast protocol recovery process. Failure recovery in a LAN is more complex, and strongly influenced by protocol interaction and implementation specifics. Suggestion for improvement of the failure recovery time via protocol enhancements, parameter tuning, and network configuration are provided.
Explicit design of remote‐tuned combiner for GSM and WCDMA signals (2007)

Abstract The problems associated with combining multiple GSM carriers and WCDMA signals onto a single antenna are developed leading to a unique solution. This solution is based upon the concept of cascading directional filters to meet the electrical requirements, which may readily be tuned electrically leading to remote‐tuned products capable of injecting one or more WCDMA channels into the same communication band as several GSM carriers. A particular solution is presented, which exhibits both optimum amplitude and group delay characteristics for the WCDMA signal. Closed‐form expressions are given for the network functions including the amplitude and group delay characteristics. By developing techniques similar to those used in Rhodes ( Theory of Electrical Filters . Wiley: New York, 1976), explicit formulas for element values in the general 2 n th degree network are given and proved. A practical operating unit for the US cellular band has been designed and constructed. Measured per‐ formance is given and shows excellent agreement with theory. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disruption of kerogen-mineral interactions in oil shales (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDisruption of kerogen-mineral interactions in oil shalesM. Siskin, G. Brons, and J. F. Payack, Jr.Cite this: Energy Fuels 1987, 1, 3, 248–252Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00003a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00003a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views303Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimization of Plasma Processing for Silicon-Gate FET Manufacturing Applications (1982)

The development and implementation of plasma processing techniques for silicon-gate FET manufacturing applications is described. Process requirements are discussed for the stripping of photoresist and the isotropic etching of thin films. A systematic approach for the optimization of these processes, involving the use of statistically designed multiparametric experimentation (MPE), is presented. This approach, in combination with the use of response-surface analysis techniques, is illustrated by examples of its application to typical processing problems. In addition, the multiparametric optimization of anisotropic etching is presented for potential plasma processing enhancements.
Localized Graph-cuts Based Multiphase Active Contour Model for Image Segmentation (2010)

几何活动轮廓模型是图像分割领域的强有力工具。最近，一种基于成对相似性的图划分活动轮廓(GPAC)模型被提出，并有效应用于均质图像分割。但是，该模型的连接权函数仅与图像光谱相关，使得模型在低对比度模糊图像的应用存在较大局限，同时，成对相似性的计算量大，模型的数值实现效率不甚理想。针对这些问题，该文引入测地核函数定义连接权函数，结合多相水平集，提出了基于局部图划分的多相活动轮廓图像分割模型。自然图像的实验结果证明了该模型的有效性。