gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of laminin isoforms in mouse myogenic cells in vitro and in vivo (1995)

The expression of laminin-1 (previously EHS laminin) and laminin-2 (previously merosin) isoforms by myogenic cells was examined in vitro and in vivo. No laminin alpha 2 chainspecific antibodies react with mouse tissues, 50 rat monoclonal antibodies were raised against the mouse laminin alpha 2 chain: their characterization is described here. Myoblasts and myotubes from myogenic cell lines and primary myogenic cultures express laminin beta 1 and gamma 1 chains and form a complex with a 380 kDa alpha chain identified as laminin alpha 2 by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation and PCR. PCR from C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes for the laminin alpha 2 chain gene (LamA2) provided cDNA sequences which were used to investigate the in vivo expression of mouse LamA2 mRNA in embryonic tissues by in situ hybridization. Comparisons were made with specific probes for the laminin alpha 1 chain gene (LamA1). LamA2 but not LamA1 mRNA was expressed in myogenic tissues of 14- and 17-day-old mouse embryos, while the laminin alpha 2 polypeptide was localized in adjacent basement membranes in the muscle fibres. In situ hybridization also revealed strong expression of the LamA2 mRNA in the dermis, indicating that laminin alpha 2 is expressed other than by myogenic cells in vivo. Immunofluorescence studies localized laminin alpha 2 in basement membranes of basal keratinocytes and the epithelial cells of hair follicles, providing new insight into basement membrane assembly during embryogenesis. In vitro cell attachment assays revealed that C2C12 and primary myoblasts adhere to laminin-1 and -2 isoforms in a similar manner except that myoblast spreading was significantly faster on laminin-2. Taken together, the data suggest that laminins 1 and 2 play distinct roles in myogenesis.
Sparsity constrained regularization for multiframe image restoration (2008)

In this paper we present a new algorithm for restoring an object from multiple undersampled low-resolution (LR) images that are degraded by optical blur and additive white Gaussian noise. We formulate the multiframe superresolution problem as maximum a posteriori estimation. The prior knowledge that the object is sparse in some domain is incorporated in two ways: first we use the popular l(1) norm as the regularization operator. Second, we model wavelet coefficients of natural objects using generalized Gaussian densities. The model parameters are learned from a set of training objects, and the regularization operator is derived from these parameters. We compare the results from our algorithms with an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for l(1) norm minimization and also with the linear minimum-mean-squared error (LMMSE) estimator. Using only eight 4 x 4 pixel downsampled LR images the reconstruction errors of object estimates obtained from our algorithm are 5.5% smaller than by the EM method and 14.3% smaller than by the LMMSE method.
Lamb wave-based structural health monitoring for aircraft riveted lap joint (2015)

This study presents a Lamb wave-based structural health monitoring method for aircraft riveted lap joint. Lamb wave data of lap joint are processed and damage features are extracted to formulate crack quantification models. Four quantification models are proposed and studied. Probability of detection (POD) modeling is employed to provide a distribution of the actual crack size using the quantification model. Paris' model is used to characterize crack propagation. Bayesian method and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation are used to estimate the model parameters upon measurement data of lap joint. Results show predicted probabilistic fatigue life of lap joint is accurate.
gprof (2004)

We extended the UNIX® system's profiler by gathering arcs in the call graph of a program. Here is it 20 years later and this profiler is still in daily use. Why is that? It's not because there aren't well-known areas for improvement.Large complex programs are composed of many small routines that implement abstractions for the routines that call them. To be useful, an execution profiler must attribute execution time in a way that is significant for the logical structure of a program as well as for its textual decomposition. This data must then be displayed to the user in a convenient and informative way. The gprof profiler accounts for the running time of called routines in the running time of the routines that call them. The design and use of this profiler is described.
REACTIVE OXYGEN INTERMEDIATES IN BIOCHEMISTRY (1986)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 induces osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (2017)

25-Hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>] has recently been found to be an active hormone. Its biological actions are demonstrated in various cell types. 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> deficiency results in failure in bone formation and skeletal deformation. Here, we investigated the effect of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We also studied the effect of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [1α,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>], a metabolite of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>. One of the vitamin D responsive genes, 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>-24-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1) mRNA expression is up-regulated by 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> at 250-500 nM and by 1α,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> at 1-10 nM. 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> and 1α,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> at a time-dependent manner alter cell morphology towards osteoblast-associated characteristics. The osteogenic markers, alkaline phosphatase, secreted phosphoprotein 1 (osteopontin), and bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (osteocalcin) are increased by 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> and 1α,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, mineralisation is significantly increased by 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> but not by 1α,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. Moreover, we found that hMSCs express very low level of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>-1α-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1), and there is no detectable 1α,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> product. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> at 250-500 nM can induce osteogenic differentiation and that 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> has great potential for cell-based bone tissue engineering.
A multicentred investigation of clean air requirements for terminally sterilized pharmaceuticals. (1983)

Experiments were carried out in four manufacturing pharmacies to assess the effect of ventilation and airborne contamination on terminally sterilized products. Each pharmacy manufactured containers of 0.9% sodium chloride and carried out experiments in widely differing conditions of airborne cleanliness. No correlation could be demonstrated between the cleanliness of the air and the quality of the product (as established by bacterial and dust particle counts) and it was concluded that the containers and closures (especially after autoclaving) were the main source of contamination. It is suggested that complex ventilation schemes for the production of terminally sterilized products are not necessary.
Anti-Angiogenic Activity of a Homoisoflavanone from<i>cremastra appendiculata</i> (2004)

A homoisoflavanone, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-6-methoxychroman-4-one ( 1), was isolated from the bulb of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino (Orchidaceae) as a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. It inhibited basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced in vitro angiogenesis and in vivo angiogenesis of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryo without showing any toxicity.
Introducing a new series of invited review articles. (2008)

353 In a number of fields of medical research, Malaysian investigators have made notable scientific contributions, which, perhaps for their importance, have been published in international scientific journals. These findings, scattered in various specialist medical journals, would have found their audience among specialists of similar interests. However, these findings ought to be of interest to a different audience on account of their place of origin. Being about Malaysian patients, it is only fitting that these findings should have a Malaysian audience.
Evaluation of Redoubt Volcano's sulfur dioxide emissions by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (2012)

The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, provided a rare opportunity to compare satellite measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) with airborne SO2 measurements by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). Herein we: (1) compare OMI and airborne SO2 column density values for Redoubt's tropospheric plume, (2) calculate daily SO2 masses from Mount Redoubt for the first three months of the eruption, (3) develop simple methods to convert daily measured SO2 masses into emission rates to allow satellite data to be directly integrated with the airborne SO2 emissions dataset, (4) calculate cumulative SO2 emissions from the eruption, and (5) evaluate OMI as a monitoring tool for high-latitude degassing volcanoes. A linear correlation (R2 ~ 0.75) is observed between OMI and airborne SO2 column densities. OMI daily SO2 masses for the sample period ranged from ~ 60.1 kt on 24 March to below detection limit, with an average daily SO2 mass of ~ 6.7 kt. The highest SO2 emissions were observed during the initial part of the explosive phase and the emissions exhibited an overall decreasing trend with time. OMI SO2 emission rates were derived using three methods and compared to airborne measurements. This comparison yields a linear correlation (R2 ~ 0.82) with OMI-derived emission rates consistently lower than airborne measurements. The comparison results suggest that OMI's detection limit for high latitude, springtime conditions varies from ~ 2000 to 4000 t/d. Cumulative SO2 masses calculated from daily OMI data for the sample period are estimated to range from 542 to 615 kt, with approximately half of this SO2 produced during the explosive phase of the eruption. These cumulative masses are similar in magnitude to those estimated for the 1989–90 Redoubt eruption. Strong correlations between daily OMI SO2 mass and both tephra mass and acoustic energy during the explosive phase of the eruption suggest that OMI data may be used to infer relative eruption size and explosivity. Further, when used in conjunction with complementary datasets, OMI daily SO2 masses may be used to help distinguish explosive from effusive activity and identify changes in lava extrusion rates. The results of this study suggest that OMI is a useful volcano monitoring tool to complement airborne measurements, capture explosive SO2 emissions, and provide high temporal resolution SO2 emissions data that can be used with interdisciplinary datasets to illuminate volcanic processes.
Human epidermal growth factor and the proliferation of human fibroblasts (1976)

The effect of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF), a 5,400 molecular weight polypeptide isolated from human urine, on the growth of human foreskin fibroblasts (HF cells) was studied by measuring cell numbers and the incorporation of labeled thymidine. The addition of hEGF to HF cells growing in a medium containing 10% calf serum resulted in a 4-fold increase in the final density. The presence of hEGF also promoted the growth of HF cells in media containing either 1% calf serum or 10% gamma globulin-free serum. The addition of hEGF to quiescent confluent monolayers of HF cells, maintained in a medium with 1% calf serum for 48 hours, resulted in a 10- to 20-fold increase in the amount of 3H-thymidine incorporation after 20-24 hours. The stimulation of thymidine incorporation was maximal at an hEGF concentration of 2 ng/ml, was dependent on the presence of serum, and was enhanced by the addition of ascorbic acid. In confluent cultures of HF cells, subject to density dependent inhibition of growth, hEGF was able to stimulate DNA synthesis more effectively than fresh calf serum. Human EGF stimulated DNA synthesis in quiescent cultures, however, regardless of cell density. The addition of rabbit anti-hEGF inhibited all effects of this growth factor on HF cells.
Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the 72-kilodalton dehydrogenase subunit of alcohol dehydrogenase from Acetobacter aceti (1989)

A genomic library of Acetobacter aceti DNA was constructed by using a broad-host-range cosmid vector. Complementation of a spontaneous alcohol dehydrogenase-deficient mutant resulted in the isolation of a plasmid designated pAA701. Subcloning and deletion analysis of pAA701 limited the region that complemented the deficiency in alcohol dehydrogenase activity of the mutant. The nucleotide sequence of this region was determined and showed that this region contained the full structural gene for the 72-kilodalton dehydrogenase subunit of the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme complex. The predicted amino acid sequence of the gene showed homology with sequences of methanol dehydrogenase structural genes of Paracoccus denitrificans and Methylobacterium organophilum.
591. Dealkylation and deacylation of carbohydrate derivatives with boron trichloride and boron tribromide (1960)

T. G. Bonner, E. J. Bourne and S. McNally, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 2929 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600002929
Context-Aware QoE Modelling, Measurement, and Prediction in Mobile Computing Systems (2014)

Quality of Experience (QoE) as an aggregate of Quality of Service (QoS) and human user-related metrics will be the key success factor for current and future mobile computing systems. QoE measurement and prediction are complex tasks as they may involve a large parameter space such as location, delay, jitter, packet loss, and user satisfaction just to name a few. These tasks necessitate the development of practical context-aware QoE models that efficiently determine relationships between user context and QoE parameters. In this paper, we propose, develop, and validate a novel decision-theoretic approach called CaQoEM for QoE modelling, measurement, and prediction. We address the challenge of QoE measurement and prediction where each QoE parameter can be measured on a different scale and may involve different units of measurement. CaQoEM is context-aware and uses Bayesian networks and utility theory to measure and predict users' QoE under uncertainty. We validate CaQoEM using extensive experimentation, user studies and simulations. The results soundly demonstrate that CaQoEM correctly measures range-defined QoE using a bipolar scale. For QoE prediction, an overall accuracy of 98.93% was achieved using 10-fold cross validation in multiple diverse network conditions such as vertical handoffs, wireless signal fading and wireless network congestion.
Enhancement of terahertz-wave output from LiNbO_3 optical parametric oscillators by cryogenic cooling (1999)

In recent years widely tunable terahertz- (THz-) wave generation from LiNbO(3) optical parametric oscillators (OPO's) has been successfully demonstrated by use of the prism output-coupler method. However, there remains a problem of large absorption loss for generated terahertz waves inside the crystal, so we investigated the cryogenic characteristics of the OPO. We achieved 125-times-higher THz-wave output and 32% reduction of the generation threshold by cooling the crystal to 78 K. This scheme also provides direct loss measurement at THz frequency, and we found that the THz-wave enhancement mechanism is improvement of the gain as well as the reduction of the absorption coefficient.
Identification of “Premyelination” by Diffusion-Weighted MRI (1995)

Magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity changes based on anisotropic water diffusion were demonstrated in regions of unmyelinated cerebral white matter tracts of albino rat pups before the onset of histologically detectable myelin. The ability of in vivo mapping of premyelinating white matter maturation indicates a new diagnostic use of MRI in evaluating cerebral white matter maturation.
Difference between Algorithmic Processing and the Process of Lifeworld (Lebenswelt) (2019)

The following article compares the temporality of the life-world with the digital processing. The temporality of the life-world is determined to be stretched and spontaneous. The temporality of the digital is given by discrete step-by-step points of time. Most ethical issues can be traced back to a mismatch of these two ways of processing. This creates a foundation for the ethics of the digital processing. Methodologically, phenomenological considerations are merged with media-philosophical considerations in the article.
D4.2 Final report on trade-off investigations (2014)

Research activities in METIS WP4 include several as\npects related to the network-level of \nfuture wireless communication networks. Thereby, a \nlarge variety of scenarios is considered \nand solutions are proposed to serve the needs envis\nioned for the year 2020 and beyond. \nThis document provides vital findings about several trade-offs that need to be leveraged when \ndesigning future network-level solutions. In more detail, it elaborates on the following trade-\noffs: \n• Complexity vs. Performance improvement \n• Centralized vs. Decentralized \n• Long time-scale vs. Short time-scale \n• Information Interflow vs. Throughput/Mobility enha\nncement \n• Energy Efficiency vs. Network Coverage and Capacity \nOutlining the advantages and disadvantages in each trade-off, this document serves as a \nguideline for the application of different network-level solutions in different situations and \ntherefore greatly assists in the design of future communication network architectures.
Direct Biophotolithographic Method for Generating Substrates with Multiple Overlapping Biomolecular Patterns and Gradients (2009)

We describe an approach to generate multicomponent surface-immobilized patterns and gradients on the basis of the photochemically controlled covalent coupling of solution-phase biomolecules to benzophenone-modified substrates. Gradients were simply achieved by continuously varying the exposure to nondamaging UV light across the surface with the gradient profile controlled by biomolecule concentration and the spatial and temporal illumination of the surface. Sequential exposure of the same surface in the presence of different biomolecules resulted in overlapping patterns and gradients of proteins and carbohydrates. Finally, we preliminarily demonstrate that the resulting surfaces are suitable for generating model substrates to probe cell-substrate interactions.
Radio continuum emission of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies (1985)

The radio continuum emission of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies can be decomposed into a central region, a clumpy “thin disk”, concentrated in the spiral arms, and a smooth “thick disk” (or flattened “halo”). The emissivity ratio of the two disks seems to be related to the magnetic field properties: Galaxies with strong radio spiral arms reveal a highly ordered field following the arm direction, while galaxies with diffuse disks contain a less ordered, smoothly distributed field. The degree of uniformity of the field seems to correlate with the total optical luminosity. The average magnetic field in the Milky Way is weak and turbulent compared to most of the nearby galaxies observed so far.
Unravelling transmission trees of infectious diseases by combining genetic and epidemiological data (2011)

Knowledge on the transmission tree of an epidemic can provide valuable insights into disease dynamics. The transmission tree can be reconstructed by analysing either detailed epidemiological data (e.g. contact tracing) or, if sufficient genetic diversity accumulates over the course of the epidemic, genetic data of the pathogen. We present a likelihood-based framework to integrate these two data types, estimating probabilities of infection by taking weighted averages over the set of possible transmission trees. We test the approach by applying it to temporal, geographical and genetic data on the 241 poultry farms infected in an epidemic of avian influenza A (H7N7) in The Netherlands in 2003. We show that the combined approach estimates the transmission tree with higher correctness and resolution than analyses based on genetic or epidemiological data alone. Furthermore, the estimated tree reveals the relative infectiousness of farms of different types and sizes.
Comparison of Preformed Acoustic Baffles and Two-Component Polyurethane Foams for Filling Body Cavities (2001)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A variety of expandable sealants are used to fill vehicle body cavities to impede noise, water, air, and dust from entering (and exiting) the passenger compartment. This paper compares three sealant technologies used for filling body cavities. The technologies are rubber-based elastomeric preformed parts; thermoplastic elastomeric preformed parts, and two-component polyurethane that is foamed-in-place directly in the vehicle body cavity. The following comparisons are made between the three technologies: application methods and issues, cost, material properties and acoustical performance.</div>
Bloom syndrome: an analysis of consanguineous families assigns the locus mutated to chromosome band 15q26.1. (1994)

By the principle of identity by descent, parental consanguinity in individuals with rare recessively transmitted disorders dictates homozygosity not just at the mutated disease-associated locus but also at sequences that flank that locus closely. In 25 of 26 individuals with Bloom syndrome examined whose parents were related, a polymorphic tetranucleotide repeat in an intron of the protooncogene FES was homozygous, far more often than expected (P < 0.0001 by chi 2). Therefore, BLM, the gene that when mutated gives rise to Bloom syndrome, is tightly linked to FES, a gene whose chromosome position is known to be 15q26.1. This successful approach to the assignment of the Bloom syndrome locus to one short segment of the human genome simultaneously (i) demonstrates the power of homozygosity mapping and (ii) becomes the first step in a "reverse" genetics definition of the primary defect in Bloom syndrome.
Subjective Responses to Alcohol in Sons of Alcoholics and Control Subjects (1984)

We matched 23 nonalcoholic male drinkers who were aged 21 to 25 years and had alcoholic close relatives (FHP) with 23 control subjects with negative family histories (FHN) for demographic characteristics and drinking and smoking histories. The subjective feelings of intoxication for the 46 men were studied on three occasions using placebo, 0.75 mL/kg of ethanol, and 1.1 mL/kg of ethanol. The FHP subjects (at elevated risk for the development of alcoholism) reported less intense feelings of subjective intoxication after drinking, especially during the two hours following the peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Group differences were most marked with the 0.75-mL/kg dose. The two groups did not differ significantly on their BACs nor on the expectation of how they would feel under the influence of alcohol.