gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma FLT3-L levels predict bone marrow recovery from myelosuppressive therapy (2000)

Elevated plasma FLT3-L in patients who previously received chemotherapy is a predictive measure of the stage of recovery of the bone marrow compartment. FLT3-L seems to identify the likelihood that the patient will experience Grade > or = 3 thrombocytopenia if additional cytotoxic therapy is administered. Knowledge of bone marrow activity should permit therapy that is more aggressive by establishing the earliest possible time for dosing with any cytotoxic agent for which myelosuppression is the dose-limiting toxicity.
Activation of STAT4 by IL-12 and IFN-α: evidence for the involvement of ligand-induced tyrosine and serine phosphorylation (1996)

The immunoregulatory cytokine IL-12 plays a central role in cell-mediated immune responses through its effects on NK cells and T lymphocytes. While IL-12 is known to share some functions with other cytokines, such as IFN-alpha, it also maintains distinct roles, such as its ability to induce Th1 differentiation. The molecular basis for these unique and overlapping functions is not well understood. IL-12 has previously been shown to induce tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA-binding of STAT3 and STAT4, members of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family. Because STAT4 has only been shown to be activated in response to IL-12, this specificity has been suggested to be a basis for the unique actions of IL-12. In this study, we demonstrated that STAT4 activation by IL-12 is not unique; IL-12 and IFN-alpha, but not IFN-gamma, induced tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA binding of STAT4. Since tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of STAT1 have previously been shown to be important in IFN-alpha-mediated signaling, we also investigated IL-12- and IFN-alpha-induced serine phosphorylation of STAT4. We demonstrated that both cytokines induced serine phosphorylation. This modification was not required for DNA binding, but may be important in STAT-mediated transcription. Thus, STAT4 activation was not IL-12 specific, and IL-12 and IFN-alpha activated STAT4 through both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation. These findings have significant implications for understanding the role of STAT4 in mediating biologic functions; specifically, the data argue that the unique effects of IL-12 cannot be solely explained by STAT4 activation.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES. IX. COUPLING REACTION OF MONO‐SUBSTITUTED ACETYLENES WITH IODOPYRIMIDINES (1979)

Abstract Die Umsetzung der 2‐Iodopyrimidine (I) mit Acetylenen (II) in Gegenwart des Pd‐Komplexes (III) und CuI führt zu den Alkinylpyrimidinen (IV) in sehr guten Ausbeuten.
A novel bacteriocin-like substance (BLIS) from a pathogenic strain of Vibrio harveyi (2005)

Inter-strain and inter-species inhibition mediated by a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) from a pathogenic Vibrio harveyi strain VIB 571 was demonstrated against four isolates of the same species, and one culture each of a Vibrio sp., Vibrio fischeri, Vibrio gazogenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The crude BLIS, which was obtained by ammonium-sulphate precipitation of the cell-free supernatant of a 72 h broth culture of strain VIB 571, was inactivated by lipase, proteinase K, pepsin, trypsin, pronase E, SDS and incubation at > or =60 degrees C for 10 min. The activity was stable between pH 2-11 for at least 5 h. Anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of a single major peak, comprising a protein with a pI of approximately 5.4 and a molecular mass of approximately 32 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein comprised Asp-Glu-Tyr-Ile-Ser-X-Asn-Lys-X-Ser-Ser-Ala-Asp-Ile (with X representing cysteine or modified amino acid residues). A similarity search based on the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) generated peptide masses and the N-terminal sequence did not yield any significant matches.
An overview of the Hadoop/MapReduce/HBase framework and its current applications in bioinformatics (2010)

Hadoop and the MapReduce programming paradigm already have a substantial base in the bioinformatics community, especially in the field of next-generation sequencing analysis, and such use is increasing. This is due to the cost-effectiveness of Hadoop-based analysis on commodity Linux clusters, and in the cloud via data upload to cloud vendors who have implemented Hadoop/HBase; and due to the effectiveness and ease-of-use of the MapReduce method in parallelization of many data analysis algorithms.
Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Rhesus Macaque Fas Ligand cDNA (1998)

170 The Fas/Fas Ligand (FasL) interaction is pivotal in apoptosis-mediated regulation of the immune system. As such, it has potential relevance for immunoregulatory strategies in transplantation, gene therapy, AIDS, etc., all of which utilize the rhesus macaque as a preclinical model. To examine the Fas/FasL system in rhesus monkeys, we attempted to clone the rhesus FasL gene using PCR and primers based on the human cDNA sequence. The full sequence of cloned rhesus FasL cDNA was obtained to confirm function and authenticity, based on comparison to the published sequences from the human and mouse. Our findings indicate that 1) the rhesus FasL is highly homologous to the human but not the mouse (97% for human, 85% for mouse), and that 2) soluble rhesus FasL is capable of inducing apoptosis (where the human protein is active and the mouse protein is inactive). The deduced protein sequence is 280 amino acids long with a calculated Mr. of 31 KD. The differences in nucleotide sequence between human and rhesus macaque FasL occurs in both extracellular and cytoplasmic domains. In vitro transcription/translation of rhesus FasL cDNA yielded a 32 KD protein, while transfection of COS cells with the full-length cDNA yielded a 40 KD protein, which is in agreement with the size of human FasL. COS cells expressing rhesus FasL induced apoptosis of PHA-activated rhesus PBL and human Fas+ CEM-6 cells. Furthermore, soluble FasL, obtained from the supernatant of FasL+ Cos transfectants but not the vector-only Cos transfectants, induced apoptosis in CEM-6 cells. The results indicated that the cloned rhesus FasL shares functional and closely related sequence characteristics with the human protein.
Temporary replacement of missing maxillary lateral incisors with orthodontic miniscrew implants in growing patients: rationale, clinical technique, and long-term results (2014)

The missing maxillary lateral incisor in adolescent patients presents an orthodontic challenge. Historically, there have been three treatment options to address this clinical problem: (1) canine substitution, (2) tooth auto-transplantation, and (3) dental restoration. Unfortunately, these methods are not without limitation. A novel treatment concept, originating in 2003 and utilizing orthodontic miniscrew implants, is presented along with the rationale, clinical technique and 8 years of follow-up.
Novel method of synthesizing polyethersulfone membrane containing two solvents and lithium chloride additive and its performance (2009)

The influence of a lithium chloride (LiCl) additive on poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membranes was investigated. A microwave technique was used to prepare membrane dope solutions, and two different types of solvent systems were used: single-solvent (SS) and double-solvent (DS) systems. In the SS system, PES was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and In the DS system, PES was dissolved in DMF and acetone. In the DS system, the control ratio of DMF to acetone was kept at 3.47, and the concentration of LiCl in both solvent systems was varied from 1 to 4 wt %. We observed that the microwave technique was able to dissolve the polymer rapidly, in less than 1 h. The performance of the PES membrane was evaluated in terms of poly(ethylene glycol) separation and molecular weight cutoff (MWCO). The results reveal that the presence of LiCl improved both the flux and rejection rates, and its concentration was best kept at 3 wt % for the tested conditions. In addition, we found that the mean pore size of the membranes produced from the DS system was smaller and the MWCO was lower as compared to the SS system.
The (p-d) .pi. bonding in fluorosilanes? Gas-phase structures of (CH3)4-nSiFn with n = 1-3 and of (tert-Bu)2SiF2 (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe (p-d) .pi. bonding in fluorosilanes? Gas-phase structures of (CH3)4-nSiFn with n = 1-3 and of (tert-Bu)2SiF2Beate. Rempfer, Heinz. Oberhammer, and Norbert. AunerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 14, 3893–3897Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00274a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00274a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views233Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Principal Component Analysis in ECG Signal Processing (2007)

This paper reviews the current status of principal component analysis in the area of ECG signal processing. The fundamentals of PCA are briefly described and the relationship between PCA and Karhunen-Loève transform is explained. Aspects on PCA related to data with temporal and spatial correlations are considered as adaptive estimation of principal components is. Several ECG applications are reviewed where PCA techniques have been successfully employed, including data compression, ST-T segment analysis for the detection of myocardial ischemia and abnormalities in ventricular repolarization, extraction of atrial fibrillatory waves for detailed characterization of atrial fibrillation, and analysis of body surface potential maps.
Transforming Growth Factor β Depletion Is the Primary Determinant of Smad Signaling Kinetics (2009)

A cell's decision to growth arrest, apoptose, or differentiate in response to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily ligands depends on the ligand concentration. How cells sense the concentration of extracellular bioavailable TGF-beta remains poorly understood. We therefore undertook a systematic quantitative analysis of how TGF-beta ligand concentration is transduced into downstream phospho-Smad2 kinetics, and we found that the rate of TGF-beta ligand depletion is the principal determinant of Smad signal duration. TGF-beta depletion is caused by two mechanisms: (i) cellular uptake of TGF-beta by a TGF-beta type II receptor-dependent mechanism and (ii) reversible binding of TGF-beta to the cell surface. Our results indicate that cells sense TGF-beta dose by depleting TGF-beta via constitutive TGF-beta type II receptor trafficking processes. Our results also have implications for the role of the TGF-beta type II receptor in disease, as tumor cells harboring TGF-beta type II receptor mutations exhibit impaired TGF-beta depletion, which may contribute to the overproduction of TGF-beta and a consequently poor prognosis in cancer.
An improved dispenser cathode (1984)

Electron emissivity of tungsten dispenser cathode has been remarkably increased only by improving the process technology. Improved process includes firing impregnants in an oxidizing atmosphere which contains CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and finishing the emitting area clean by new 'physical and chemical' treantemts. The application of this process to the Ir coated dispenser cathode leads to electron emissivity of 39A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (pulsed FSCL) at cathode temperature 1050°C <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</inf> . Measured Richardson parameters <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\phi_{R}, A_{R}</tex> are 1 .06 eV and 0.155 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> deg <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively. At the same time, the short acivation time and low evaporation are given by this process. Cathodes of this type are most suitable for high resolution camera tubes and microwave tubes.
Relationships between hair growth rate and morphological parameters of human straight hair: a same law above ethnical origins? (2011)

After measurement of individual growth rates, natural hair fibres from Asian and Caucasian subjects were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. In total, more than 1000 hairs were analysed. Measurements of diameter, medulla and interscale distance (average distance between two successive cuticle scales) show these parameters strongly correlated with hair growth rate. A thicker hair fibre corresponds to a faster growth rate, a shorter interscale distance and greater probability to have a medulla, and vice versa, a thin hair fibre shows slower growth rate, a larger interscale distance and a lower probability to have a medulla. Very interestingly, this finding appears to be unrelated to the ethnic origin of the subjects, suggesting a common characteristic of human hair, at least for the straight or semi-straight hair studied. From a practical viewpoint, this finding clearly suggests an alternative method for measuring hair growth rates, by measuring the interscale distance, which appears easier than using common laboratory equipments.
Purification and properties of an extracellular pectin lyase produced by the strain of Penicillium oxalicum in solid-state fermentation. (2007)

A pectin lyase (PNL, EC 4.2.2.10) produced extracellularly by the strain of Penicillium oxalicum in solid-state fermentation medium containing deoiled mandarin orange peel meal was purified to apparent homogeneity by a protocol that included ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The enzyme had molecular mass of 50 kD, as determined by SDS- PAGE and showed optimum pH and temperature at 8.0 and 50 degrees C respectively. It had an isoelectric point (pI) of 5.0 and showed a K(m) of 1.1 mg/ml of citrus pectin. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by Mo4+, Ag+ and Pb2+ and also by polyphenolic compounds, in particular tannic acid.
Antigenicity of the M proteins of group A hemolytic streptococci. II. Antibody response in rabbits to vaccines prepared with oil emulsions and aluminum hydroxide. (1966)

Summary Highly purified M proteins have excellent antigenic capacities in rabbits when administered in the form of repository subcutaneous doses with adjuvants. Both mineral oil and peanut oil emulsions prepared with Arlacel A and as little as 10 µg of M protein, after two or three injections, stimulated type-specific protective antibodies. Small doses of M proteins adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide were equally efficacious preparations for vaccine purposes. The attributes of these immunization procedures are discussed in terms of a practical antistreptococcal vaccine for human use. The globulin nature of the antibodies induced in rabbits immunized with purified M proteins or whole bacterial cells was also investigated. Both types of antigenic stimulation induced IgG antibodies but with different precipitating and hemagglutinating capacities.
Analysis of Si/SiGe Heterostructure Solar Cell (2014)

Sunlight is the largest source of carbon-neutral energy. Large amount of energy, about 4.3 × 10 20 J/hr (Lewis, 2005), is radiated because of nuclear fusion reaction by sun, but it is unfortunate that it is not exploited to its maximum level. Various photovoltaic researches are ongoing to find low cost, and highly efficient solar cell to fulfil looming energy crisis around the globe. Thin film solar cell along with enhanced absorption property will be the best, so combination of SiGe alloy is considered. The paper presented here consists of a numerical model of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mtext>Si</mml:mtext><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Si</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>-</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ge</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>heterostructure solar cell. The research has investigated characteristics such as short circuit current density (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>J</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>sc</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>), generation rate (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>G</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>), absorption coefficient ( α ), and open circuit voltage (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>oc</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>) with optimal Ge concentration. The addition of Ge content to Si layer will affect the property of material and can be calculated with the use of Vegard’s law. Due to this, short circuit current density increases.
Vitamin B<sub>6</sub> in Clinical Neurology (1990)

Many conditions in clinical neurology may be responsive to pyridoxine as a therapeutic agent. The current difficulty is in trying to isolate the conditions that are most likely to respond. Treating seizures is a major part of a neurologic practice. Our current therapeutic agents are only partially successful and limited by multiple side effects. One problem is that patients often have to take these agents for an entire lifetime, further raising the risk of toxicity. If pyridoxine supplementation can improve the efficacy of currently used medications, it will be gladly accepted into our therapeutic arsenal. Headache, chronic pain, and depression all appear to run together in many of our patients. The observations that serotonin deficiency is a common thread between them and that pyridoxine can raise serotonin levels open a wide range of therapeutic options. Small studies have been carried out with mixed success. Comparison with amitriptyline in the treatment of headache appears to show about equal efficacy, although side effects would be expected to be more of a problem with the amitriptyline. Behavioral disorders are relatively common and continue to be a major problem, disrupting the lives of the patients and their families. Current treatments are not acceptable to most people because of the risk of side effects with long-term usage. If, as Dr. Feingold suggests, many of these problems are caused by "toxic" exposures to chemicals that are pyridoxine antagonists, supplementation at early ages may reduce the incidence of hyperactivity and aggressive behavior. This raises the question of safety. Is pyridoxine safe for long-term use in large segments of the population, including children? The studies on children with Down's syndrome and autism, utilizing much higher doses than are used for other therapeutic purposes, seem to indicate relative safety if carefully monitored. Studies involving large population groups with carpal tunnel syndrome, all adults, using 100-150 mg/day have shown minimal or no toxicity in five- to 10-year studies. Women self-medicating for PMS taking 500 to 5000 mg/day have shown peripheral neuropathy within one to three years. It would appear from this retrospective analysis that pyridoxine is safe at doses of 100 mg/day or less in adults. In children there is not enough data to make any sort of suggestion. Because the major neurologic complication is a peripheral neuropathy and the causes of this condition are myriad, pyridoxine may cause neuropathy only in patients with a pre-existing susceptibility to this condition.
Fluorescence of 2-aminopurine reveals rapid conformational changes in the RB69 DNA polymerase-primer/template complexes upon binding and incorporation of matched deoxynucleoside triphosphates (2007)

We have used 2-aminopurine (2AP) as a fluorescent probe in the template strand of a 13/20mer primer/template (D) to detect deoxynucleoside triphosphates (N)-dependent conformational changes exhibited by RB69 DNA polymerase (ED) complexes. The rates and amplitudes of fluorescence quenching depend hyperbolically on the [dTTP] when a dideoxy-primer/template (ddP/T) with 2AP as the templating base (n position) is used. No detectable fluorescence changes occur when a ddP/T with 2AP positioned 5' to the templating base (n + 1 position) is used. With a deoxy-primer/template (dP/T) with 2AP in the n position, a rapid fluorescence quenching occurs within 2 ms, followed by a second, slower fluorescence quenching with a rate constant similar to base incorporation as determined by chemical quench. With a dP/T having 2AP in the n + 1 position, there is a [dNTP]-dependent fluorescence enhancement that occurs at a rate comparable to dNMP incorporation. Collectively, the results favor a minimal kinetic scheme in which population of two distinct biochemical states of the ternary EDN complex precedes the nucleotidyl transfer reaction. Observed differences between dP/T and ddP/T ternary complexes indicate that the 3' hydroxyl group of the primer plays a critical role in determining the rate constants of transitions that lead to strong deoxynucleoside triphosphate binding prior to chemistry.
Stimulatory effect of romurtide on hematopoiesis in monkeys. (1991)

Repeated subcutaneous injections of romurtide (N2-[(N-acetylmuramoyl)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl]-N6-stearoyl-L-lysine, MDP-Lys(L18), muroctasin; CAS 78113-36-7), a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, increased significantly the number of peripheral neutrophils and monocytes in a dose-dependent fashion in healthy cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). The number of platelets was also increased significantly in monkeys with repeated dosing of romurtide. After single dosing of romurtide (1 mg/head), neutrophils counts showed a marked increase within 24 h and at 120 h after romurtide injection. Monocytes counts were decreased transiently until 8 h, but were increased persistently from 48 to 120 h after injection. Lymphocytes counts were stable throughout the experimental period except for a significant decrease until 24 h. In addition, romurtide stimulated blood neutrophils and monocytes in vivo for enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) responses to opsonized Escherichia coli. When peripheral monocytes from monkeys were incubated with various concentrations of romurtide in vitro, production of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by the cells was enhanced significantly, indicating that the augmenting effects of romurtide on the production of various monokines including CSFs by monocytes are involved in the mechanisms of hematopoiesis and enhanced CL generation by phagocytic cells in vivo.