gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extrusion and mechanical characterization of PVC‐leather fiber composites (1998)

Abstract Every year great quantities of chrome tanned leather wastes produced by the footwear and clothing industries are buried or burned. These practices produce several contaminants that are released into the environment. An alternative to disposing of these wastes is to reuse them. In this work, a method to use these wastes as filler in a polymer matrix is proposed. Also, a technique for processing the composite obtained by continuous extrusion is demonstrated. To evaluate this technique, a series of PVC‐leather fiber composites were prepared and extruded through a flat die to produce sheets. The process produced a leather‐like sheet that could be used in several applications. The influence of the filler content on the processability and the final properties of the composite sheets were evaluated. The tests revealed that the sheets are flexible and exhibit sufficient water absorption to be suitable for several applications in the footwear and clothing industry. Finally, the tests show that this composite can be formulated and processed at high productivity levels and at a low cost.
Wireless sensor networks nodes localization based on inter-node RF range measurement using Vernier effect (2011)

Various method of inter-node range measurement has been used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for node range-based localization. Radio frequency (RF) based time-of-flight system promised an accurate result. However, it is only effective for long distance uses instead of it deploy high cost hardware time synchronization, therefore, it is not so feasible to be implemented in WSNs. To challenge the difficulties and reduce the cost of using RF for short ranges measurement, a simpler hardware based range measurement technique rely on Vernier effect has been proposed. Three experimental nodes have been fabricated to realize the method. Preliminary test of inter-node range measurement show a fairly accurate relation between inter-node range of distance and output sensing pattern. Further, a simple localization using the real experimental data shows the feasibility of using this method for real WSNs cases.
Canine vascular tissues are targets for androgens, estrogens, progestins, and glucocorticoids. (1982)

Sex differences and steroid hormones are known to influence the vascular system as shown by the different incidence of atherosclerosis in men and premenopausal women, or by the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in women taking birth control pills or men taking estrogens. However, the mechanisms for these effects in vascular tissues are not known. Since steroid actions in target tissues are mediated by receptors, we have looked for cytoplasmic steroid receptor proteins in vascular tissues of dogs. We find specific saturable receptors, sedimenting at 8S on sucrose density gradients for estrogens (measured with [3H]estradiol +/- unlabeled diethylstilbestrol), androgens (measured with [3H]R1881 +/- unlabeled R1881 and triamcinolone acetonide), and glucocorticoids (measured with [3H]dexamethasone +/- unlabeled dexamethasone); they are absent for progesterone (measured with [3H]R5020 +/- unlabeled R5020 and dihydrotestosterone). Progesterone receptors can, however, be induced by 1-wk treatment of dogs with physiological estradiol concentrations (100 pg/ml serum estrogen), indicating a functional estrogen receptor. Receptor levels range from 20 to 2,000 fmol/mg DNA. They are specific for each hormone; unrelated steroids fail to complete for binding. Low dissociation constants, measured by Scatchard analyses, show that binding is of high affinity. Steroid binding sites are in the media and/or adventitia since they persist when the intima is removed. Compared with the arteries, receptor levels are reduced 80% in inferior venae cavae of females, and are absent in the venae cavae of males. We hypothesize that steroid hormones can have direct effects on vascular tissues medicated by specific receptors present in arterial blood vessel walls.
Elevated levels of M(r) 92,000 type IV collagenase in human brain tumors. (1993)

Local invasive growth is one of the key features of primary malignant brain tumors accompanied by remodeling of the vasculature and destruction of normal brain tissue. Tissue invasiveness is an essential biological function used by a tumor to overcome the various barriers to its progression. The expression of metalloproteases has been shown to play a critical role in the invasive process in a number of tumors; however, their expression in human brain tumors has not been previously reported. In this study we showed metalloprotease activities at M(r) 240,000, 123,000, 92,000, 72,000, and 67,000 in brain tumor extracts. These enzyme activities were inhibited by EDTA, an inhibitor of metalloproteases. Significant increases in levels of protease bands at M(r) 92,000, 123,000, and 240,000 were observed in glioblastoma and metastatic lung tumors. Enzymatic inhibition and Western blotting with M(r) 92,000 type IV collagenase antibody confirmed the presence of M(r) 92,000 type IV collagenase in all samples. Quantitative analysis by densitometry showed 8-10-fold and 6-8-fold increases in M(r) 92,000 type IV collagenase activity in glioblastoma and metastatic lung carcinoma samples, respectively, when compared with normal brain, meningioma, astrocytoma, metastatic colon, and breast carcinoma samples. These findings provide evidence for elevated levels of metalloproteases in glioblastomas and suggest a therapeutic target for minimizing the invasive propensity of gliomas using protease inhibitors.
DWLT compression method based on MSVQ for a real-time ECG monitoring system in WSNs (2008)

The use of a Zigbee network in various health monitoring systems has become well accepted. However, such a system has limited storage, power supply, bandwidth for communication, and processing speed when massive volumes of bio signals, especially ECG signals are involved. Various effective methods, including using low power hardware, have been proposed to maximize the limited resources. Data compression is one of the most efficient methods. In this paper, we propose an ECG compression algorithm based on a Discrete Wavelet lifting Transform (DWLT) and Multistage Vector Quantization (MSVQ) methods for a ubiquitous ECG monitoring system over the Zigbee Network. We performed an evaluation of the results of the proposed compression method through an ECG monitoring system and experimentation with a pervasive computing test bed.
Enforcing distributed data security via Web services (2005)

As the manufacturing and process industries become more intelligent and more distributed, the need for reliable, secure, and verifiable data exchange becomes more acute. We have developed an approach to distributed data security based upon Web services. Each Web service specifies its authentication and authorization policies using WS-policy documents combined with our novel concepts of trust levels and trust level mappings across domains. An authentication Web service verifies human identity via biometric and other digital techniques: software applications are vetted by digital signatures. An authorization Web service enforces a dynamic, context-aware access policy. Federation is used to manage trust relationships across separate but cooperating trust domains.
Electrodeposition of Germanium (1951)

A process has been developed for electrodepositing a substantial layer of metallic germanium which adheres well. The plating bath is a solution of germanium tetrachloride in propylene glycol. It is conveniently operated at a temperature of 50°–60°C.
Development of a polishing step using a hydrophobic interaction membrane adsorber with a PER.C6<sup>®</sup>‐derived recombinant antibody (2009)

Membrane chromatography has already proven to be a powerful alternative to polishing columns in flow-through mode for contaminant removal. As flow-through utilization has expanded, membrane chromatography applications have included the capturing of large molecules, including proteins such as IgGs. Such bind-and-elute applications imply the demand for high binding capacity and larger membrane surface areas as compared to flow-through applications. Given these considerations, a new Sartobind Phenyl membrane adsorber was developed for large-scale purification of biomolecules based on hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) principles. The new hydrophobic membrane adsorber combines the advantages of membrane chromatography-virtually no diffusion limitation and shorter processing time-with high binding capacity for proteins comparable to that of conventional HIC resins as well as excellent resolution. Results from these studies confirmed the capability of HIC membrane adsorber to purify therapeutic proteins with high dynamic binding capacities in the range of 20 mg-MAb/cm(3)-membrane and excellent impurity reduction. In addition the HIC phenyl membrane adsorber can operate at five- to ten-fold lower residence time when compared to column chromatography. A bind/elute purification step using the HIC membrane adsorber was developed for a recombinant monoclonal antibody produced using the PER.C6(R) cell line. Loading and elution conditions were optimized using statistical design of experiments. Scale-up is further discussed, and the performance of the membrane adsorber is compared to a traditional HIC resin used in column chromatography.
Continuous signal seismograph (1960)

Abstract The paper describes a seismic method in which a continuous signal vibrator provides the source energy. Operational features as well as some general theoretical considerations are discussed.
Direct observation of key photoinduced dynamics in a potential nano-delivery vehicle of cancer drugs (2014)

In recent times, significant achievements in the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery vehicles of cancer drugs have been made. The present study is an attempt to explore the key photoinduced dynamics in ZnO NPs upon complexation with a model cancer drug protoporphyrin IX (PP). The nanohybrid has been characterized by FTIR, Raman scattering and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Picosecond-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the defect mediated emission of ZnO NPs to PP has been used to study the formation of the nanohybrid at the molecular level. Picosecond-resolved fluorescence studies of PP-ZnO nanohybrids reveal efficient electron migration from photoexcited PP to ZnO, eventually enhancing the ROS activity. The dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation and no oxidation of luminol in PP/PP-ZnO nanohybrids upon green light illumination unravel that the nature of ROS is essentially singlet oxygen rather than superoxide anions. Surface mediated photocatalysis of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution of the nanohybrid has also been investigated. Direct evidence of the role of electron transfer as a key player in enhanced ROS generation from the nanohybrid is also clear from the photocurrent measurement studies. We have also used the nanohybrid in a model photodynamic therapy application in a light sensitized bacteriological culture experiment.
10 GHz GaAs JFET dual-modulus prescaler IC (1989)

A divide-by−256/258 dual-modulus prescaler IC has been successfully fabricated using enhancement-mode GaAs JFETs. The maximum operation frequency of 10.4GHz is obtained by a 0.5μm gate length and buried p-layer JFET technology. The prescaler IC has sufficient operational margin to make it compatible with Si bipolar ECL circuits over a wide frequency range.
Cytoplasmic Mislocalization of p27Kip1 Protein Is Associated with Constitutive Phosphorylation of Akt or Protein Kinase B and Poor Prognosis in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (2004)

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 functions at the nuclear level by binding to cyclin E/cyclin-dependent kinase-2. It was shown that Akt or protein kinase B (Akt/PKB)-dependent phosphorylation of p27Kip1 led to the cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27Kip1, suggesting the potential abrogation of its activity. Here, we evaluated the localization of p27Kip1 protein in leukemic blasts in relation to Akt/PKB phosphorylation and clinical outcomes in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Western blot analysis of the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions revealed a heterogenous localization pattern of p27Kip1 in AML. Cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27Kip1 was significantly associated with the constitutive serine(473) Akt/PKB phosphorylation in AML cells (P < 0.05). Transfection of U937 cells with an expression construct encoding the constitutively active form of Akt/PKB resulted in a remarkable increase in the levels of cytoplasmic p27Kip1. Whereas the transfection of U937 cells with a construct encoding dominant-negative Akt/PKB resulted in a recovery of nuclear localization of p27Kip1. Both the disease-free survival and overall survival are significantly shorter in AML cases with high cytoplasmic to nuclear ratio of p27Kip1 localization compared with the cases with low cytoplasmic to nuclear ratio (P = 0.0353, P = 0.0023, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that the cytoplasmic to nuclear ratio of p27Kip1 localization was an independent prognostic variable for both disease-free survival and overall survival (P = 0.043, P = 0.008, respectively). These findings additionally extend our understanding of the role of p27Kip1 in AML, and buttress the case of p27Kip1 mislocalization as a prognostic indicator and Akt/PKB/p27Kip1 pathway as a ready target for antileukemia therapy.
Pracniques: further remarks on reducing truncation errors (1965)

No abstract available.
Extracellular matrix fibronectin alters connexin43 expression by alveolar epithelial cells (2001)

Alveolar type II epithelial cells undergo phenotypic changes and establish gap junction intercellular communication as they reach confluence in primary culture. The pattern of gap junction protein (connexin) expression changes in parallel. Although connexin (Cx)43 mRNA and protein increase significantly by culture day 2, Cx26 and Cx32 expression decline. Along with increasing Cx43 expression, the cells assemble fibronectin derived both from serum in the culture medium and from de novo synthesis into the extracellular matrix (ECM). The present studies indicate that this ECM regulates Cx43 expression. Culture of type II cells in DMEM containing 8-10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) promotes assembly of a fibronectin-rich ECM that stimulates expression of both Cx43 mRNA and protein. Although Cx43 protein expression increased in response to FBS in a dose-dependent manner, fibronectin also elevated Cx43 protein in the absence of FBS. Anti-fibronectin antibody significantly reduced the serum-dependent increase in Cx43 expression. These results support the premise that fibronectin in the ECM contributes to the regulation of Cx43 expression by alveolar epithelial cells in primary culture.
Modeling and Experimental Characterization of a Permanent Magnet Linear Alternator for Free-Piston Engine Applications (2009)

Sandia National Laboratories is developing a prototype 30kW free-piston internal-combustion-based linear generator for vehicular applications. This paper describes the development and experimental validation of a mathematical model for the permanent magnet linear alternator that will be used by the prototype. A magnetic-flux versus mover-position function is used to correlate individual coil fluxes to the motion of the mover. This function is derived from a finite element electromagnetic simulation of the linear alternator. The mathematical model of the alternator is compared to experiments with prototype hardware driving 0.5–2kW loads; excellent correspondence to measured voltage and current waveforms is found.
Adams on Modus Tollens (1989)

Journal Article Adams on Modus Tollens Get access A. J. Dale A. J. Dale University of HullHull HU6 7RX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 49, Issue 2, March 1989, Pages 93–96, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/49.2.93 Published: 01 March 1989
Optimization of Design Scheme for Toll Plaza Based on M/M/C Queuing Theory and Cellular Automata Simulation Algorithm (2017)

As an important field in traffic control science, the research in design of toll plazas has increasingly attracted attention of scholars and society. A good design of toll plaza needs to meet a lot of conditions, such as high safety coefficient, high throughput and low cost level. In this study, we established an evaluation model of toll plaza based on cellular automata and M/M/C queuing theory applying to three aspects: safety coefficient, throughput and cost. Then, we took the Asbury Park Toll Plaza in New Jersey as an example to analyze its performance and further optimized the design of the toll plaza. Compared with the original design, the optimized toll plaza we designed is proved to be safer and preferable. Last but not least, we further analyzed the robustness of the designed toll plaza, proving that the designed toll plaza had a preferable performance in reality.
Epitaxial growth and electrochemical properties of Li4Ti5O12 thin-film lithium battery anodes (2011)

Epitaxial Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) thin-films were successfully synthesized on SrTiO(3) single-crystal substrates with (111), (110), and (100) lattice plane orientations using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thin-film X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) films had the same orientation as the SrTiO(3) substrates: Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) (111) on SrTiO(3) (111), Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) (110) on SrTiO(3) (110), and Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) (100) on SrTiO(3) (100). These epitaxial films contained island structures, and the morphology of the (111), (110), and (100) films, observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), exhibited angular, needle-like, and circular shapes, respectively. The electrochemical properties of 20 nm thick Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) (111) and (110) films were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Reversible intercalation proceeded through both lattice planes due to the three-dimensional diffusion pathway of lithium in the spinel framework. Reduction peaks in the first cathodic scan appeared at different positions from those in subsequent scans, suggesting a surface reconstruction at the Li(4)Ti(5)O(12) surface due to interfacial reactions.
The Ability of Enteric Diarrhoeal Pathogens to Ferment Starch to Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Vitro (1998)

The inability of enteric pathogens to produce butyrate may impair epithelial cell function, whereas production of D-lactate may enhance mucosal damage in diarrhoeal disease. The presence of luminal starch may be helpful in shifting the fermentation profile to a more favourable pattern.
Surface plasmon as a probe for melting of silver nanoparticles (2009)

The temperature dependence of the surface plasmon energy and bandwidth for silver nanoparticles in the size range 8-30 nm embedded in a silica matrix has been studied using diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The dependence shows a non-monotonic jump-like behaviour indicating a low-temperature size-dependent melting of silver nanoparticles. The melting point decreases with the decrease of the nanoparticle size. The hysteresis in the temperature dependence of the surface plasmon bandwidth has been observed, indicating the first-order phase transition.
Organic nonlinear optical materials and their device applications for frequency doubling, modulation, and switching (1990)

Increased interest and activity in optoelectronics has resulted from anticipated applications of optics to communication, electronic interconnections, information storage and possibly even logic. Current nonlinear optical (NLO) devices today employ inorganic crystals, such as lithium niobate for electrooptic modulation and switching and KDP or KNbO3 for frequency doubling. Organic nonlinear optical materials, that is, poled organic polymeric films and organic crystals, have the potential to replace some of these inorganic crystals.1 Key advantages include the high intrinsic nonlinearities of some organic molecules, the ability to optimize the molecular structure for specific applications, low dc dielectric constant, and low temperature processing. Current progress has also been made in improving the long term stability of these materials. Here we wish to report on some of our recent results on measurements of the order parameter, new crosslinked polymeric materials which exhibit more stability and some device applications with polymeric materials and organic crystals.
Purification and use of Methanobacterium wolfei pseudomurein endopeptidase for lysis of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (1987)

The pseudomurein-degrading enzyme from autolysates of Methanobacterium wolfei was purified approximately 500-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography under anaerobic conditions. Analysis of the soluble cell wall fragments produced by the pure enzyme from a cell wall preparation of M. thermoautotrophicum indicated that it is a peptidase hydrolyzing the epsilon-Ala-Lys bond of pseudomurein. A partially purified preparation of pseudomurein endopeptidase was free of nuclease activity and thus proved useful for the preparation in high yields of undegraded chromosomal and plasmid DNA from M. thermoautotrophicum. The partially purified enzyme was also used for the preparation of protoplasts, which were stabilized by 0.8 M sucrose. Under growth conditions the protoplasts produced methane and increased up to 100-fold in size, but failed to regenerate a cell wall.
Fuel-Optimal Power Split and Gear Selection Strategies for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (2019)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a computationally inexpensive optimization algorithm to jointly compute the fuel-optimal state and input trajectories for the energy management of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) on a known driving mission. Specifically, we first introduce a model of the HEV that we leverage to formulate the fuel-optimal control problem as a mixed-integer convex program. Second, we use Pontryagin’s minimum principle and non-smooth convex analysis to derive the fuel-optimal control policy for the power split, the engine on/off decision, and the gear selection. Third, we combine the optimal control policy with single shooting and a bisection method to compute the optimal strategy for reaching a predefined terminal state of charge in the absence of path constraints. Fourth, we introduce a multi-point boundary value approach to deal with path constraints, thus obtaining the optimal control strategies for a complete driving cycle. Finally, we test the proposed algorithm on representative driving cycles and compare its performance to the globally optimal solution computed using dynamic programming (DP). Our results show that our algorithm can compute the fuel-optimal control strategy with the same precision as DP, in less than one second, forming the basis for a real-time-implementable predictive energy management system for HEVs.</div></div>