gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SENTIWORDNET: A Publicly Available Lexical Resource for Opinion Mining (2006)

Pathogen detection has become a major research area all over the world for water quality surveillance and microbial risk assessment. Therefore, designing simple and sensitive detection kits plays a key role in envisaging and evaluating the risk of disease outbreaks and providing quality healthcare settings. Herein, we have designed a facile and low-cost colorimetric sensing strategy for the selective and sensitive determination of β-galactosidase producing pathogens. The hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots (h-BN QDs) were established as a nanozyme that showed prominent peroxidase-like activity, which catalyzes 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The h-BN QDs were embedded on a layer-by-layer assembled agarose biopolymer. The β-galactosidase enzyme partially degrades β-1,4 glycosidic bonds of agarose polymer, resulting in accessibility of h-BN QDs on the solid surface. This assay can be conveniently conducted and analyzed by monitoring the blue color formation due to TMB oxidation within 30 min. The nanocomposite was stable for more than 90 days and was showing TMB oxidation after incubating it with <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). The limit of detection was calculated to be 1.8 × 10<sup>6</sup> and 1.5 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/mL for <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i> (<i>K. pneumonia</i>), respectively. Furthermore, this novel sensing approach is an attractive platform that was successfully applied to detect <i>E. coli</i> in spiked water samples and other food products with good accuracy, indicating its practical applicability for the detection of pathogens in real samples.
A Chromodomain Protein Encoded by the Arabidopsis <i>CAO</i> Gene Is a Plant-Specific Component of the Chloroplast Signal Recognition Particle Pathway That Is Involved in LHCP Targeting (1999)

A recessive mutation in Arabidopsis, named chaos (for chlorophyll a/b binding protein harvesting-organelle specific; designated gene symbol CAO), was isolated by using transposon tagging. Characterization of the phenotype of the chaos mutant revealed a specific reduction of pigment binding antenna proteins in the thylakoid membrane. These nuclear-encoded proteins utilize a chloroplast signal recognition particle (cpSRP) system to reach the thylakoid membrane. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes possess a cytoplasmic SRP containing a 54-kD protein (SRP54) and an RNA. In chloroplasts, the homolog of SRP54 was found to bind a 43-kD protein (cpSRP43) rather than to an RNA. We cloned the CAO gene, which encodes a protein identified as Arabidopsis cpSRP43. The product of the CAO gene does not resemble any protein in the databases, although it contains motifs that are known to mediate protein-protein interactions. These motifs include ankyrin repeats and chromodomains. Therefore, CAO encodes an SRP component that is unique to plants. Surprisingly, the phenotype of the cpSRP43 mutant (i.e., chaos) differs from that of the Arabidopsis cpSRP54 mutant, suggesting that the functions of the two proteins do not strictly overlap. This difference also suggests that the function of cpSRP43 is most likely restricted to protein targeting into the thylakoid membrane, whereas cpSRP54 may be involved in an additional process(es), such as chloroplast biogenesis, perhaps through chloroplast-ribosomal association with chloroplast ribosomes.
Channel and Propagation Measurements at 300 GHz (2011)

Ultrabroadband Terahertz communication systems are expected to help satisfy the ever-growing need for unoccupied bandwidth. Here, we present ultra broadband channel measurements at 300 GHz for two distinct indoor scenarios, a point-to-point link of devices on a desktop and the connection of a laptop to an access point in the middle of an office room. In the first setup, measurements are taken with regard to distance, different antenna types and device displacements. Additionally, an interference constellation according to the two-ray model is examined. In the second setup, the focus is on the detection and characterization of the LOS- and the NLOS-paths in an indoor environment, including a maximum of two reflections. Temporal channel characteristics are examined with regard to maximum achievable symbol rates. Furthermore, ray obstruction due to objects in the transmission path is investigated.
1992 Journal of Urology Consultants (1993)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jun 19931992 Journal of Urology Consultants John T. GrayhackM.D. John T. GrayhackJohn T. Grayhack More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)36453-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1992 Journal of Urology Consultants." The Journal of Urology, 149(6), pp. 1561–1562 © 1993 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 149Issue 6June 1993Page: 1561-1562 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1993 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information John T. Grayhack More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Mutant DnaK chaperones cause ribosome assembly defects in Escherichia coli. (1993)

To determine whether the biogenesis of ribosomes in Escherichia coli is the result of the self-assembly of their different constituents or involves the participation of additional factors, we have studied the influence of a chaperone, the product of the gene dnaK, on ribosome assembly in vivo. Using three thermosensitive (ts) mutants carrying the mutations dnaK756-ts, dnaK25-ts, and dnaK103-ts, we have observed the accumulation at nonpermissive temperature (45 degrees C) of ribosomal particles with different sedimentation constants--namely, 45S, 35S, and 25S along with the normal 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits. This is the result of a defect not in thermostability but in ribosome assembly at the nonpermissive temperature. These abnormal ribosomal particles are rescued if the mutant cells are returned to 30 degrees C. Thus, the product of the dnaK gene is implicated in ribosome biogenesis at high temperature.
Preventive Effects of Theophylline on Anaphylactic Shock in Rats (1980)

Anaphylactic shock was induced by administration of ovalbumin to sensitized rats. Preventive effects of theophylline on anaphylactic shock were examined with regard to the relationship between cyclic AMP and prostaglandin (PG) E2 in lung tissue, and plasma histamine. During anaphylactic shock, levels of cyclic AMP content and PGE2 content in lung tissue decreased, while plasma histamine content increased. Theophylline increased levels of cyclic AMP content and PGE2 content in lung tissue, in a dose dependent manner, and pretreatment of animals with theophylline prevented the onset of anaphylactic shock. Pretreatment with indomethacin abolished the preventive effects of theophylline on anaphylactic shock, and the effect of theophylline on the cyclic AMP content. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcyclic AMP) increased PGE2 content in lung tissue, in a dose dependent manner, and also prevented the onset of anaphylactic shock. These effects of DBcyclic AMP were inhibited by the pretreatment with indomethacin, and here, cyclic AMP in lung tissue was maintained at a high level. In the group in which anaphylactic shock was prevented with these interventions, PGE2 content in lung tissue was significantly high in all cases. In addition PGE2 infusion prevented anaphylactic shock. These data suggest that theophylline increases cyclic AMP levels in lung tissue only in the presence of endogenous PG, that increased cyclic AMP content in lung tissue subsequently increases PGE2 content in lung tissue, and that the preventive effects of theophylline on anaphylactic shock result from increased PGE2 content in lung tissue.
Learning equivalence classes of acyclic models with latent and selection variables from multiple datasets with overlapping variables (2011)

While there has been considerable research in learning probabilistic graphical models from data for predictive and causal inference, almost all existing algorithms assume a single dataset of i.i.d. observations for all variables. For many applications, it may be impossible or impractical to obtain such datasets, but multiple datasets of i.i.d. observations for different subsets of these variables may be available. Tillman et al. [2009] showed how directed graphical models learned from such datasets can be integrated to construct an equivalence class of structures over all variables. While their procedure is correct, it assumes that the structures integrated do not entail contradictory conditional independences and dependences for variables in their intersections. While this assumption is reasonable asymptotically, it rarely holds in practice with finite samples due to the frequency of statistical errors. We propose a new correct procedure for learning such equivalence classes directly from the multiple datasets which avoids this problem and is thus more practically useful. Empirical results indicate our method is not only more accurate, but also faster and requires less memory.
Preparation of polycyclooctyne by ring-opening polymerization employing d0 tungsten and molybdenum alkylidyne complexes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of polycyclooctyne by ring-opening polymerization employing d0 tungsten and molybdenum alkylidyne complexesS. A. Krouse and R. R. SchrockCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 6, 2569–2576Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00196a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views405Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1019 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Enhancing Mitochondrial Ca <sup>2+</sup> Uptake in Myocytes From Failing Hearts Restores Energy Supply and Demand Matching (2008)

Mitochondrial ATP production is continually adjusted to energy demand through coordinated increases in oxidative phosphorylation and NADH production mediated by mitochondrial Ca2+([Ca2+]m). Elevated cytosolic Na+ impairs [Ca2+]m accumulation during rapid pacing of myocytes, resulting in a decrease in NADH/NAD+ redox potential. Here, we determined 1) if accentuating [Ca2+]m accumulation prevents the impaired NADH response at high [Na+]i; 2) if [Ca2+]m handling and NADH/NAD+ balance during stimulation is impaired with heart failure (induced by aortic constriction); and 3) if inhibiting [Ca2+]m efflux improves NADH/NAD+ balance in heart failure. [Ca2+]m and NADH were recorded in cells at rest and during voltage clamp stimulation (4Hz) with either 5 or 15 mmol/L [Na+]i. Fast [Ca2+]m transients and a rise in diastolic [Ca2+]m were observed during electric stimulation. [Ca2+]m accumulation was [Na+]i-dependent; less [Ca2+]m accumulated in cells with 15 Na+ versus 5 mmol/L Na+ and NADH oxidation was evident at 15 mmol/L Na+, but not at 5 mmol/L Na+. Treatment with either the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor CGP-37157 (1 micromol/L) or raising cytosolic Pi (2 mmol/L) enhanced [Ca2+]m accumulation and prevented the NADH oxidation at 15 mmol/L [Na+]i. In heart failure myocytes, resting [Na+]i increased from 5.2+/-1.4 to 16.8+/-3.1mmol/L and net NADH oxidation was observed during pacing, whereas NADH was well matched in controls. Treatment with CGP-37157 or lowering [Na+]i prevented the impaired NADH response in heart failure. We conclude that high [Na+]i (at levels observed in heart failure) has detrimental effects on mitochondrial bioenergetics, and this impairment can be prevented by inhibiting the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger.
Working from home? Follow these tips for successful remote work (2020)

So you're asked to work from home as COVID‐19 cases spread. Some jobs lend themselves to remote work better than others, but if your college or university says it's time to head home, you can accomplish a lot, no matter what your job responsibilities entail.
Simple Digital Pulse Width Modulator Under 100 ps Resolution Using General-Purpose FPGAs (2012)

This letter describes a very simple implementation of a digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) under 100 ps resolution in low-cost field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The implementation is based on internal carry chains and logic resources which are present in most FPGA families. The proposed approach does not require manual routing or placement, consumes few hardware resources, and does not rely heavily on specialized phase-locked loop or clock management resources. A 50-MHz switching frequency DPWM with 60-ps resolution and a 1-MHz switching frequency DPWM with 90-ps resolution are experimentally demonstrated, with monotonicity and excellent linearity.
Mechanosensitive <i>N</i> -Methyl- <scp>d</scp> -Aspartate Receptors Contribute to Sensory Activation in the Rat Renal Pelvis (2008)

The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of the ionotropic glutamate receptor is found in the periphery. The present study tested whether NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are present in the ends of afferent renal nerves in the renal pelvis, an area concerned mainly with transmitting sensation and the to reflex regulation of body fluid. The main NMDAR subunit, NMDAzeta1, was found to be more abundant in the renal pelvis than the renal cortex and medulla, and was mainly colocalized with the pan-neuronal marker PGP9.5 or the sensory nerve marker, the neurokinin-1 receptor. However, NMDAzeta1 mRNA was undetectable, suggesting that it might be synthesized outside the renal pelvis. Intrarenal arterial administration of the specific ion channel blocker (+)-MK-801, but not the inactive enantiomer (-)-MK-801, decreased urine output and sodium excretion. High doses of (+)-MK-801 also caused regional vasoconstriction in the renal cortex, as determined by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Intrapelvic administration of the NMDAR ligand D-serine caused a dose-dependent increase in substance P (SP) release and afferent renal nerve activity, but had no effect on arterial pressure. The D-serine-induced sensory activation and SP release were abrogated by (+)-MK-801, the SP receptor blocker L-703,606, or dorsal rhizotomy. Increasing intrapelvic pressure resulted in an increase in afferent renal nerve activity and a diuretic/natriuretic response. Interestingly, these effects were attenuated by prior administration of (+)-MK-801. These results indicate that NMDAR-positive sensory nerves are present in the renal pelvis and contribute to the renorenal reflex control of body fluid.
Herodotos 5.71.2 and the Naukraroi of Athens (1970)

The position of the naukraroi and of their prytaneis within the government of archaic Athens has long been one of the most vexed and vexing problems of Athenian history. Did they govern Athens at the time of the Kylonian conspiracy as Herodotos seems to be saying? If they did, how can we account for the flatly contradictory statement of Thucydides who says that the nine archons were the chief Athenian magistrates at that time ? We can of course adopt the suggestion made by several scholars that in the matter of the naukraroi Thucydides had one rare occasion to correct Herodotos, but this suggestion is not very flattering to the reputation of Herodotos, whose stock as a historian has been rising steadily in recent years. Furthermore, such a negative con clusion would compel us to dismiss as inaccurate the earliest and the only piece of information concerning the naukraroi which has come down to us in a continuous historical account. Most scholars have in fact been
NOSES distributed communication switching software structure based on CORBA (2002)

Key technologies are presented for establishing the object-oriented communication switching software based on CORBA, which is excellent for software productivity and system scalability. Requirements and conditions for communication switching systems are clarified and mapped to the elements of CORBA. How to deploy objects and how to bind objects so as to minimize processing load are discussed. Mechanisms that guarantee reliability of the system to save calls in service when the system is restarted are also proposed. Tentative estimation of the load of the distributed inter-object communication shows that our software structure does not largely degrade the call processing performance and is promising to establish the basis for next-generation communication switching systems.
Large Area Laser-Assisted Etching of Electronic Materials (1986)

The use of laser assisted-chemistry for dry etching of electronic materials is described. Emphasis is placed on the use of laser-assisted reactions for large area processing. Review of the current technology is given for large area masked etching, UV-projection etching, and laser assisted reactive ion etching (RIE), and plasma etching.
ChemInform Abstract: O‐ARYL S‐METHYL PHOSPHOROCHLORIDOTHIOATES: TERMINAL PHOSPHORYLATING AGENTS IN THE PHOSPHOTRIESTER APPROACH TO OLIGONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS (1979)

Abstract Die aus (I) und Methansulfenylchlorid (II) dargestellten Chlorthiophosphate (III) können zur Phosphorylierung von (IV) herangezogen werden.
Reactions of 2-Chlorocycloalkanone Oximes. III. Displacement Reactions with Various Nucleophilic Reagents (1966)

Abstract The displacement reactions of 2-chlorocycloalkanone oximes with various nucleophilic reagents, such as ammonia, primary and secondary amines, silver and sodium nitrite, sodium azide, Grignard reagents, and carbanions derived from acetylacetone and ethyl malonate, have been investigated. α-Alkylamino, α-nitro, α-azido, and α-alkyloximes of the 8- and 12-membered rings have been prepared in excellent yields, and those of the 6-membered ring, in moderate yields. It has been shown that 2-chlorocyclohexanone oxime hydrochloride can be treated directly with a large excess of the nucleophilic reagents. 2-Chlorocyclooctanone oxime was used in the free state, and 2-chloro-5, 9-cyclododecadienone oxime was first treated with nucleophilic reagents; the resulting α-substituted oximes of the 12-membered ring were hydrogenated to the corresponding saturated oximes with palladium charcoal. These reactions have shown that α-chlorocyclo-alkanone oximes have a potential synthetic utility.
Role of calcium in the adhesion and fusion of bilayers (1993)

The interaction forces and fusion mechanisms of mixed zwitterionic-anionic phospholipid bilayers were measured with the surface forces apparatus. The bilayers were 3:1 mixtures of either dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPC/DMPG) or dilauroylphosphatidylcholine and dilauroylphosphatidylglycerol (DLPC/DLPG), and experiments were carried out in NaCl solutions with and without CaCl2. In NaCl solutions, the forces between either mixed bilayer system were consistent with the DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) theory of repulsive electrostatic and attractive van der Waals forces, and fusion did not occur. At high pH (> 6) and in high (20 mM) NaCl concentrations, a short-range hydration force extending about 13 A was evident, indicative of Na+ binding to the surfaces. In the presence of this large hydration repulsion, the interbilayer adhesion was abolished. When CaCl2 was added to the bathing solutions in the presence or absence of NaCl, the bilayers phase separate into small domains, coinciding with the occurrence of a large, long-range attractive force. Fusion occurred readily between the more fluid domains. The phase separations and fusion events could be directly visualized by observing the shapes of the optical fringes used to measure the surface separation and the change in surface profiles with time. The ease of fusion between mixed bilayers in the presence of calcium correlated closely with the strength of the long-range attractive force. This force is attributed to the additional hydrophobic force between domains or domain boundaries due to the exposure of excess hydrophobic groups resulting from the Ca(2+)-induced condensation of the PG- headgroups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Synthesis and Characterization of Silica/Carbon Composite Aerogels (2010)

A series of monolithic silica/resorcinol–formaldehyde (silica/RF) aerogels have been prepared by a simple one‐step sol–gel process of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), resorcinol (R), and formaldehyde (F) in ethanol, followed by drying with supercritical CO 2 . The silica/carbon composite aerogels were obtained by pyrolysis of the silica/RF aerogels under N 2 atmosphere. The silica/carbon composite aerogels exhibit low densities (0.1241–0.2751 g/cm 3 ) and high porosities (>84%). The pore morphologies of the composite aerogels have been investigated in detail by nitrogen sorption measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The surface areas of these composite aerogels result from the contribution of macropores, mesopores, and micropores. Combustion in air or etching in HF solution can remove carbon or silica from the silica/carbon composite aerogels and yields monolithic or cracked unitary silica or carbon aerogels. The study indicates that when the starting APTES/R molar ratio is high (sample 3SiOC–C and 2SiOC–C), the silica framework is the supporting framework; and for low starting APTES/R ratio samples (sample SiOC–3C, SiOC–2C, and SiOC–C), the carbon framework is the supporting framework. Remarkably, carbon aerogels with high surface areas of 2000 m 2 /g can be obtained after removing silica frameworks of composite aerogels of 3SiOC–C and 2SiOC–C.
Synthesis of Diphenyl Ether-4-acetic Acid (1950)

Diphenyl ether-4-acetic acid was synthesized from diphenyl ether-4-carboxylic acid by the application of Arndt-Eistert reaction and in good yield. The acid chloride obtained by the application of SOCl2 to diphenyl ether-4-carboxylic acid is led to diazoketone by the action of diazomethane to crystals of decompn. 69°. The decomposition of this ketone in EtOH with AgNO3 in NH3-alkaline state gives crystals of diphenyl ether-4-acetamide, m.p. 172°, which is decomposed by alkali into the acetic acid, white plates, m.p. 78-79°.